bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UJI EFEKTIVITAS MANFAAT AIR LINDI PRODUKSI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR (TPA) TELAGA PUNGGUR SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MORFOMETRIK TANAMAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomoea reptans, Poir)
Authors: Herlina Rika Meli , Puspita Lani , Syamsi Fauziah
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunakan senyawa organik cair “Lindi” yang dihasilkan dari limbah sampah TPA Telaga Punggur Batam. Jenis sayuran yang digunakan adalah tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans, Poir) dengan menggunakan indikator pengamatan pertumbuhan morfometrik sebagai dasar perbandingan, yakni dengan membandingkan efek antara cairan organik lindi dengan cairan pupuk umum yang tersedia di pasar. Hasil analisis pengujian berdasarkan nilai laju pertumbuhan panjang tangkai daun dengan menggunakan uji F (α = 5%) didapat bahwa Fhitung adalah 9.39 dan Ftabel 3.88 atau nilai Fhitung > Ftabel, berdasarkan hasil ini hipotesa alternatif (Hi) diterima dan menolak H0, berarti bahwa senyawa organik cair lindi telah memberikan hasil signifikan dibandingkan pupuk umum. Sedangkan analisis hasil tes berdasarkan pada jumlah daun didapat bahwa Fhitung adalah 32.06 dan Ftabel 3.88 atau nilai Fhitung > Ftabel atau hipotesa menolak H0 menerima hipotesa alternatif (Hi) serta menyatakan senyawa organik cair lindi telah memberikan hasil signifikan untuk dapat menambah jumlah daun dibandingkan pupuk umum.
PENERAPAN PEMBERIAN KUIS DI AKHIR PELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA POKOK BAHASAN MANUSIA DAN LINGKUNGAN KELAS VII SMP 02 IBNU SINA KABIL BATAM
Authors: Hermonita Mellisa , Sudirman Destaria , Rahmi Rahmi
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP 02 Ibnu Sina Kabil Batam, bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan pemberian kuis pada akhir pelajaran di sekolah dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran biologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yang terdiri dari tiga siklus yaitu; perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi, dengan subyek adalah siswa kelas VII B berjumlah 37 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kuis pada akhir pelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam pelaksanaan siklus pertama nilai rata-rata 73,24%, siklus kedua terjadi namun penurunan dengan selisih sebesar 1,89% atau menjadi ke 71,35%. Siklus ketiga ada peningkatan dari 24,32% secara nyata menjadi 95,67%.
INVENTARISASI KARAGAMAN JENIS FLORA MANGROVE DI PULAU MECAN KOTA BATAM
Authors: Ramses Ramses
Published: January 2019

Setiap ekosistem  mangrove mempunyai keanekaragaman vegetasi yang berbeda, begitu juga halnya pada kawasan mangrove di Pulau Mecan. Pengumpulan data vegetasi dilakukan dengan pencacahan jenis-jenis flora mangrove di sepanjang garis transek. Metode Spot Check dilakukan untuk melengkapi informasi flora mangrove diluar jalur garis transek, dilakukan dengan cara mengamati dan memeriksa zona-zona tertentu dalam ekosistem mangrove yang memiliki ciri khusus. Pengukuran parameter fisik-kimia air menunjukan bahwa salinitas (29-30o/oo), pH (6,0-6,5), suhu (29-30OC), DO (6,5mg/l), kecerahan (8m). Hasil inventarisasi flora pada lokasi pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 32 jenis flora penyusun hutan mangrove yang teramati. Jenis flora mangrove tersebut terdiri dari 15 jenis mangrove sejati, 3 jenis mangrove pendukung, dan 14 jenis asosiasi mangrove. Inventarisasi terhadap jenis flora mangrove sejati meliputi Rhizophora. mucronata, R. apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiz, B.  cylindrica, Lumnitzera littorea, L. recemos, Ceriops tagal, C. decandra, Avicennia lanata,  A.  alba, Xylocarpus granatum, X. mollucensis dan Nypa fruticans. Mangrove sejati didominan oleh Rizophora mucronata dan R. apiculata. Sedangkan jenis mangrove pendukung terdiri Aegiceras corniculatum, Scyphiphora hydrophyllaceae dan Excoecaria agallocha. Pada kawasan pengamatan juga dijumpai  jenis mangrove asosiasi atau ikutan yaitu Acanthus ilicifolius, Terminalia catappa, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Pemphis acidula, Ximenia americana, Dischidia bengalensis, Dischidia rafflesiana, Sarcolobus banksii, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Acrostichum aureum, Acrosticum aureum, Scaevola taccada, Pandanus tectorius dan Clerodendrum inerme
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP POSTER BERTEMA PERILAKU HIDUP SEHAT DAN BERSIH (PHBS) DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH SMP TUNAS BARU JIN-SEUNG BATAM
Authors: Sitorus Marina , Notowinarto Notowinarto , Sudirman Destaria
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui “Persepsi siswa kelas VII terhadap poster yang bertema perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di lingkungan sekolah SMP TUNAS BARU JIN-SEUNG Batam, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi siswa kelas VII terhadap poster bertema perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) di lingkungan sekolah. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2016. Menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, reliabilitas, homogenitas, normalitas, dan uji F. Hasil validitas internal dan eksternal diperoleh 24 butir pernyataan yang layak digunakan dari jumlah 40 butir pernyataan, uji reliabilitas bersifat positip atau handal, sedangkan analisis nilai data angket bersifat terdistribusi normal dan homogen. Analisis diskriptif dari 80 siswa sebagai siswa eksperimen sebanyak 44 siswa (52.5%) yang mempunyai persepsi baik terhadap poster, 30 siswa (40%) yang mempunyai persepsi cukup baik, 6 siswa (7,5%) yang mempunyai persepsi kurang baik dan tidak ada siswa yang mempunyai persepsi sangat tidak baik. Dengan demikian persepsi siswa kelas VII terhadap poster bertema PHBS di lingkungan sekolah SMP Tunas Baru Jin-Seung adalah baik. Jika dianalis dengan menggunakan Uji F persepsi bahwa poster tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap perilaku siswa (F hit < F tab).
HUBUNGAN KONSEP DIRI DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS VII MTs UNIT SEKOLAH BARU (USB) SAGULUNG BATAM
Authors: Haryanti Haryanti , Rahmi Rahmi , Syamsi Fauziah
Published: January 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsep diri dengan hasil biologi belajar siswa kelas VII (tujuh) di MTS Unit Sekolah Baru (USB) Sagulung Batam tahun akademik 2013/2014. Sampel penelitian adalah semua siswa dari siswa kelas VII dengan pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Metode observasi digunakan untuk memperoleh data tentang kondisi MTs USB, wawancara digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang Kriteria kelengkapan Minimum (KKM) yang dikenakan dan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang kegiatan dan masalah hasil belajar dalam rangka mendukung informasi dalam konsep diri siswa untuk subjek Biologi serta Kuesioner digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data variabel konsep diri, dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang hasil belajar Biologi. Uji hipotesis menggunakan pendekatan korelasi sederhana. Berdasarkan penelitian ini nilai korelasi r = 0,246 atau 24,6% sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan positif antara konsep diri dan hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas VII MTs Unit Sekolah Baru Sagulung Batam.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROZOOBENTHOS DI INTERTIDAL BUKIT PIATU – KIJANG, KABUPATEN BINTAN
Authors: Puspita Lani
Published: January 2019

Makroozoobenthos adalah salah satu kelompok biota yang umum dijadikan bioindikator kualitas lingkungan. Pada kegiatan penelitian ini, dilakukan pengamatan terhadap struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos di perairan intertidal (pasang surut) Bukit Piatu – Kijang, Kabupaten Bintan. Perairan intertidal yang dijadikan lokasi penelitian merupakan pantai berlumpur yang berada di dekat Dermaga Untuk Kepentingan Sendiri (DUKS) suatu perusahaan tambang granit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos di perairan intertidal Bukit Piatu – Kijang, Kabupaten Bintan. Di perairan intertidal ini terdapat 3 kelompok makrozoobenthos yaitu Crustacea, Mollusca, dan Polychaeta; dimana spesies-spesies dari kelompok Mollusca mendominasi komunitas makrozoobenthos. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman Jenis menunjukkan bahwa komunitas makrozoo-benthos berada pada kondisi sedang/moderat yang mudah berubah dengan berubahnya kondisi lingkungan. Keseragaman jenis makrozoobenthos di pantai sebelah Utara DUKS lebih rendah daripada pantai sebelah Selatan karena pada pantai sebelah Utara terdapat 3 spesies Mollusca yang cukup mendominasi, yaitu Xenoturris spp., Alvania spp., dan Corbula sp.
APLIKASI KELAYAKAN KUALITAS AIR ASPEK MIKROBIOLOGI PADA SISTEM RESIRKULASI UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN KAKAP PUTIH (Lates calcarifer Bloch)
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Ramses Ramses
Published: January 2019

Pengelolaan benih Kakap Putih menggunakan sistem resirkulasi di dalam ruangan (indoor) dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang timbul karena pengaruh iklim dan kerusakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 24 April – 22 Juni 2016 yang bertempat di Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BPBL) Batam, Propinsi Kepulauan Riau. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memelihara benih Kakap Putih pada bak 10 m3, ukuran benih berkisar 3 – 4 cm dengan berat berkisar 0,75 gr. Ikan Kakap Putih dipelihara selama dua bulan. Pengecekan mikrobiologi dilakukan dua minggu sekali. Pengukuran pertumbuhan dilakukan satu minggu sekali dan penghitungan tingkat kelulusan hidup dilakukan diakhir masa pemeliharaan. Selain pengambilan data diatas, juga melakukan pengukuran terhadap parameter kualitas air seerti salinitas, DO, tempratur dan pH. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa jumlah bakteri umum (TBU) pada media air sistem resirkulasi berkisar antara 4,12x104 sampai 9x104 CFU/ml. Sedangkan jumlah bakteri vibrio (TBV) berkisar antara 1,3x103 sampai 5,2x103 CFU/ml. Hasil ini tidak berbeda jauh dengan pemeliharaan tanpa resirkulasi. Namun pada pengecekan kualitas air terhadap pH, DO, salinitas dan suhu pada sitem resirkulasi dapat mempertahan kualitas air yang optimal sehingga pertumbuhan dan angka kelulusan hidup benih Kakap Putih termasuk baik.
Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Perairan Pesisir Bukit Piatu – Kijang, Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Puspita Lani
Published: January 2019

Bukit Piatu – Kijang merupakan salah satu daerah di Kabupaten Bintan yang dibuka untuk kegiatan pertambangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas fitoplankton dan zooplankton di perairan Bukit Piatu – Kijang, Kabupaten Bintan, yang meliputi keanekaragaman jenis, keseragaman jenis, dan dominansi jenis. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi informasi bermanfaat untuk menduga produktivitas perairan setempat dan menduga pengaruh kegiatan pertambangan terhadap komunitas biota laut. Secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa ditinjau dari struktur komunitas planktonnya, produktivitas perairan di sekitar DUKS pertambangan batu granit di Bukit Piatu – Kijang ini cukup baik, dimana fitoplankton dari kelompok Bacillariophyceae ditemukan dalam jumlah yang cukup melimpah. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman Jenis fitoplankton dan zooplankton menunjukkan bahwa komunitas plankton berada pada kondisi sedang/moderat yang mudah berubah dengan berubahnya kondisi lingkungan perairan. Walaupun demikian, jumlah individu antar spesies relatif seragam dan tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi
Keanekaragaman Jenis Kupu-kupu (Lepidoptera) di Taman Wisata Alam Muka Kuning Batam
Authors: Arisandi Rossy , Syamsi Fauziah
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman kupu-kupu di Taman Wisata Alam  Muka Kuning Batam. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik survey dengan metode scan sampling, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dan interpretasi angka indeks yang berupa indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’), indeks keseragaman Evennes (E) , indeks kekayaan Margalef (R), indeks Dominansi Simpson (D) dan indeks similaritas Sorenson (S). Dari penelitian ini diperoleh kupu-kupu sebanyak 23 spesies dan terdiri dari tiga famili yaitu famili Papilionidae, Pieridae dan Nymphalidae. Analisis indeks keanekaragaman kupu-kupu di lokasi penelitian tergolong sedang (2,29-2,66), keseragaman jenisnya tergolong hampir merata (0,73-0,85), kekayaan jenisnya tergolong sedang (2,81-3,52) dan tidak terdapat dominansi yang menonjol (0,08-0,12) serta indeks similaritas antara stasiun 1-2, 1-3 tergolong sedang (46,67 dan 50,00) dan indeks similaritas antara stasiun 2-3 tergolong tinggi (66,67).
Pengembangan Media Pop Up Book (Bilingual) Dengan Pendekatan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMAN 10 Kelas X Kota Batam
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Agustina Fenny
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan  media yang berbentuk  pop up book  pada pokok bahasan invertebrata di SMAN 10 (Hinterland) pendekatan PBL sesuai dengan kriteria kualitas yang ditetapkan dan mengetahui dampak peningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada ranah kognitif. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan prosedural Instruksional Development Institute (IDI) yang terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu tahap penentuan (define) dengan menganalisis kebutuhan, tahap pengembangan (develop), dan tahap evaluasi (evaluate). Sedangkan rancangan prosedur pengembangan terdiri dari 3 tahap, yaitu analisis muka-belakang (front-end analysis), tahap prototipe (prototype), dan tahap penilaian (assesment). Data penelitian berupa pengembangan media serta data kualitas media yang disusun. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar validasi berbentuk check list tentang kualitas media. Data kualitas produk yang dihasilkan berbentuk deskriptif kemudian diubah menjadi skor 1, 2, 3, dan 4, dan 5 untuk kriteria sangat kurang, kurang, cukup, baik, dan sangat baik. Pengembangan Media pop up book (bilingual) pada pokok bahasan invertebrata kelas X SMAN 10 (hinterland) mencakup 3 pokok bahasan. Hasil penilaian dari 3 validator yang meliputi aspek ahli media 91,76%, skor rata-rata hasil validasi ahli materi sebesar 83,33%, dan skor rata-rata hasil validasi guru Biologi sebesar 81%. Maka diperoleh skor akhir hasil validasi adalah sebesar 85,36%  hasil tersebut termasuk dalam kategori valid dan layak digunakan. Hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 70% siswa yang memperoleh nilai di atas KKM dari 24 jumlah siswa 18 siswa yang mendapat nilai di atas 70.
Karakteristik Morfometrik, Pola Sebaran, Kepadatan dan Kondisi Lingkungan Siput Gongong Strombus canarium Di Perairan Kota Batam
Authors: Ramses Ramses , Syamsi Fauziah , Notowinarto Notowinarto
Published: January 2019

Ekologi Siput Gonggong (Strombus canarium Linnaeus, 1758) masih kurang dipahami dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi preferensi habitat tetap biota ini sebagian besar tidak dapat dijelaskan. Biota ini sangat digemari masyarakat sebagai menu utama kuliner seafood sehinga menyebabkan tingginya penangkapan di alam. Penelitian ini bertujun untuk menganalisis aspek morfometrik, populasi (tingkat kepadatan dan pola sebaran), faktor-faktor lingkungan (kualitas air, substrat, habitat lamun) biota Siput Gonggong. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga lokasi (stasiun) yang menjadi pusat penangkapan Siput Gonggong yang ada di Pulau Jaloh, Teluk Kangkung dan Pulau Terong, Kota Batam. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini mengikuti metode transek garis yang ditempatkan secara acak pada 3 titik pengamatan di setiap stasiun. Luas daerah pengamatan pada masing-masing stasium seluas 60 m2. Terdapat perbedaan morfometrik Siput Gonggong Strombus canarium pada tiga lokasi, dimana morfometrik di Pulau Jaloh memiliki ukuran lebih tinggi dari lokasi lainnya pada semua indikator ukuran. Sedangkan di Teluk Kangkung merupakan yang paling kecil untuk semua indikator ukuran. Kepadatan siput Gonggong di Pulau Jaloh  sebesar 3.58 ind/ 60m2, Teluk Kangkung 1.3 ind/60 m2, dan Pulau Terong sebesar 1.4 ind/60 m2 dengan pola sebaran pada semua lokasi mengelompok. Kualitas perairan di masing-masing lokasi pengamatan masih dalam rentang baku mutu kualitas air untuk biota. Dari ketiga lokasi penelitian ini yang dominan ditemukan jenis lamun Enhalus acoroides. Persentase tutupan lamun pada tiga lokasi yaitu Pulau Jaloh sebesar 6.5%, Teluk Kangkung sebesar 8,3%, dan Pulau Terong sebesar 14,98% masih dalam kategori rendah.
DESAIN DAN PERUBAHAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT
Authors: Kurniawan Ivan
Published: January 2019

Desain adalah ilmu yang berhubungan erat dengan semua aspek kehidupan manusia. Dalam kegiatan sehari-hari, orang selalu berhubungan dengan objek desain. Desain juga telah memberikan nilai dan makna bagi kehidupan manusia yang dipandang sebagai solusi dari masalah. Namun, desain tidak selalu menjadi solusi akhir, bahkan tidak jarang menimbulkan masalah baru yang terkait dengan perilaku, perspektif, struktur nilai, dan budaya penggunanya. Desain berkontribusi untuk menyebarkan nilai-nilai global yang memiliki potensi benturan dengan budaya lokal, perubahan, atau bahkan menyingkirkannya. Artikel ini akan meninjau keberadaan desain di masyarakat, terkait dengan pengaruhnya dalam membentuk budaya.
WACANA IKLAN KARTU KREDIT VERSI LUCKY REWARD
Authors: Albar Deni
Published: January 2019

Sebagai salah satu kajian wacana, iklan adalah sebuah model komunikasi yang menarik, karena keunikan dalam iklan maka dapat dibedakan bentuk komunikasi wacana tulis atau non-tulis yang lain. Pesan dalam iklan memiliki dua tingkatan makna, yaitu makna eksplisit dan makna yang dikemukakan secara implisit di balik tampilan iklan. Iklan kartu kredit sebagai sebuah produk budaya populer pada saat sekarang ini menjadi sebuah fenomena tersendiri di masyarakat. Kartu kredit merupakan alat bantu pembayaran yang sudah biasa di sebagian masyarakat kita. Salah satu perusahaan yang mengeluarkan produk kartu kredit adalah bank CIMB Niaga. Dalam iklan program “Lucky Reward” kartu kredit CIMB Niaga terdapat kodekode yang memiliki nilai-nilai, sikap, dan keyakinan tertentu. Wacana ini difokuskan pada kajian tentang makna yang terkandung dalam tatanan objekobjek yang muncul dalam iklan program “Lucky Reward”. Wacana ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi penting terhadap kajian analisis wacana sehingga dapat dijadikan rujukan untuk kajian selanjutnya. Objek-objek tekstual yang muncul pada iklan merupakan kalimat yang memiliki makna terselubung. Pelesapan atau elipsis digunakan untuk memadatkan kata atau mempersingkat kata supaya susunan kalimat menjadi singkat, padat, dan menarik. Berdasarkan analisis sociocultural practise dalam Lucky Reward, terdapat tiga level yakni level situasional, level institusional dan level sosial.
PEMBENTUKAN PERSEPSI VISUAL PADA IKLAN TELEVISI
Authors: Iskandar M Syahril
Published: January 2019

Televisi sebagai media iklan memiliki banyak keunggulan karena dapat menggabungkan penglihatan, bunyi dan gerak serta jangkauannya yang luas. Televisi sangat fleksibel dalam menyampaikan pesan sponsor, mulai dari pemilihan waktu sampai pada adanya jaminan penyampaian ulasan berita secara khusus untuk audiens tertentu. Karena fleksibilitasnya iklan yang disajikan dalam media televisi dapat mempengaruhi persepsi audience terhadap produk tertentu. Persepsi inilah yang dikenal dengan persepsi visual sebagai fungsi dari ilmu psikologi. Memahami pembentukan persepsi Visual menjadi penting untuk memahami karakteristik target sasaran, menunjang komunikasi visual yang efektif (Televisi), kemudahan dalam mengambil keputusan visual yang akan disasarkan kepada khalayak. Hal ini dapat dirasakan mengapa kebanyakan orang lebih puas membeli sepatu Adidas daripada sepatu dari Cibaduyut? Mengapa kita memilih Rinso daripada Surf? Mengapa sebagian masyarakat memilih motor Honda daripada motor Kanzen? Semua pertanyaan itu bisa dibalik sesuai dengan latar belakang dan tujuan kita masing-masing. Makalah ini berupaya meneliti bagaimana proses pembentukan persepsi visual pada iklan televisi yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan rokok Gudang Garam International, Bentoel Sejati, Djarum Black? Berdasarkan pemaparan diperoleh analisis bahwa pembentukan persepsi visual iklan rokok pada televisi di tunjukan dengan objek utama laki-laki yang jantan dan pemanfaatan objek pendukung pada visualisasinya. Hal ini didukung Melihat dari hasil survey terakhir tahun 2007-2008 yang dilakukan oleh Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak (Komnas PA), ternyata, salah satu kriteria pria jantan dan perkasa menurut kebanyakan responden adalah mereka yang merokok. Dan masih berdasarkan penelitian Komnas PA; 83,7% perokok anak akibat pengaruh kuat iklan di media massa yang menonjolkan kejantanan dan kegagahan.
NAPAK TILAS TATA RUPA DAN CETAK SAMPUL NOVEL DI INDONESIA (1931-2010)
Authors: Wantoro A M , Zpalanzani Alvanov , Sachari Agus
Published: January 2019

Sebagai salah satu produk budaya, sampul buku terus mengalami perkembangan seiring zaman. Salah satu perkembangan paling signifikan dari sampul buku adalah tata rupanya, khususnya pada sampul novel. Perkembangan tata rupa sampul buku khususnya jenis buku novel di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh perubahan dinamika sosial, iklim politik, budaya, kondisi ekonomi, perkembangan teknologi, serta peran institusi-institusi pendidikan desain. Penelitian ini mengkaji perkembangan tata rupa termasuk pergeseran nilai estetis pada sampul buku khususnya novel di Indonesia, yang merupakan pemetaan nilai-nilai tata rupa yang dapat dijadikan model bagi strategi pengembangan nilai-nilai estetis pada karya desain khususnya sampul buku novel di Indonesia.
Shadowed Type-2 Fuzzy Systems for Dynamic Parameter Adaptation in Harmony Search and Differential Evolution Algorithms
Authors: Castillo Oscar , Melin Patricia , Valdez Fevrier , Soria Jose , Ontiveros-Robles Emanuel , Peraza Cinthia , Ochoa Patricia
Published: January 2019

Nowadays, dynamic parameter adaptation has been shown to provide a significant improvement in several metaheuristic optimization methods, and one of the main ways to realize this dynamic adaptation is the implementation of Fuzzy Inference Systems. The main reason for this is because Fuzzy Inference Systems can be designed based on human knowledge, and this can provide an intelligent dynamic adaptation of parameters in metaheuristics. In addition, with the coming forth of Type-2 Fuzzy Logic, the capability of uncertainty handling offers an attractive improvement for dynamic parameter adaptation in metaheuristic methods, and, in fact, the use of Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Inference Systems (IT2 FIS) has been shown to provide better results with respect to Type-1 Fuzzy Inference Systems (T1 FIS) in recent works. Based on the performance improvement exhibited by IT2 FIS, the present paper aims to implement the Shadowed Type-2 Fuzzy Inference System (ST2 FIS) for further improvements in dynamic parameter adaptation in Harmony Search and Differential Evolution optimization methods. The ST2 FIS is an approximation of General Type-2 Fuzzy Inference Systems (GT2 FIS), and is based on the principles of Shadowed Fuzzy Sets. The main reason for using ST2 FIS and not GT2 FIS is because the computational cost of GT2 FIS represents a time limitation in this application. The paper presents a comparison of the conventional methods with static parameters and the dynamic parameter adaptation based on ST2 FIS, and the approaches are compared in solving mathematical functions and in controller optimization.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Agronomy in 2018
Authors:   Agronomy Editorial Office
Published: January 2019

Rigorous peer-review is the corner-stone of high-quality academic publishing [...]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Antioxidants in 2018
Authors:   Antioxidants Editorial Office
Published: January 2019

Rigorous peer-review is the corner-stone of high-quality academic publishing [...]
Tools for Tooling: Digital Fabrication Technology as the Innovation Enabler
Authors: Jorgensen Tavs
Published: January 2019

This paper describes research concerning the creation of a novel sheet glass forming system based on the Reconfigurable Pin Tooling (RPT) principle. The paper will initially outline some of the theoretical and technical background for the research. These contexts particularly concern tools and innovation environments as well as a brief overview of the history of the RPT concept. A description of the development of the tooling systems through practice-based research is then provided followed by coverage of creative explorations with this new glass-forming method. Based on the results of the research, the author argues that digital fabrication technologies can provide the key toolsets for individual creative practitioners to successfully innovate through their own toolmaking projects. This argument is evidenced by artefacts (glass bowls) produced by the author using the RPT systems developed during the research; these glass bowls have been widely exhibited and received both critical as well as commercial acclaim. The article concludes with observations from this research and reflections on the findings.
Meteorological Differences Characterizing Tornado Outbreak Forecasts of Varying Quality
Authors: Mercer Andrew , Bates Alyssa
Published: January 2019

Tornado outbreaks (TOs) are a major hazard to life and property for locations east of the Rocky Mountains. Improving tornado outbreak (TO) forecasts will help minimize risks associated with these major events. In this study, we present a methodology for quantifying TO forecasts of varying quality, based on Storm Prediction Center convective outlook forecasts, and provide synoptic and mesoscale composite analyses to identify important features characterizing these events. Synoptic-scale composites from the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) are presented for TO forecasts at three forecast quality levels, H-class (high quality), M-class (medium quality), and L-class (low quality), as well as false alarm TO forecasts. H-class and false alarm TO forecasts share many meteorological similarities, particularly in the synoptic-scale, though false alarm events show less well-defined low-level synoptic-scale features. M- and L-class TOs present environments dominated by mesoscale thermodynamic processes (particularly dryline structures), contrasting H-class TOs which are clearly synoptically driven. Simulations of these composites reveal higher instability in M- and L-class TOs that lack key kinematic structures that characterize H-class TOs. The results presented offer important forecast feedback that can help inform future TO predictions and ultimately produce improved TO forecast quality.
The Study of Ar I and Ne I Spectral Line Shapes in the Cathode Sheath Region of an Abnormal Glow Discharge
Authors: Ivanović Nikola V.
Published: January 2019

The cathode sheath (CS) region is the most important part of abnormal glow discharge (GD), where various processes relevant for the operation and application occur. The most important parameter of the CS is the distribution of electric field strength E which is of crucial importance for charged particles acceleration, their trajectories, kinetic energies, and collisions with other particles and cathode sputtering. All these processes are relevant for the operation of GD as well as for numerous applications in the field of spectroscopic analysis, plasma etching, thin film deposition, and depth profiling of cathode material. Thus, the importance of non-perturbing technique for E distribution measurement in the CS region was recognized long time ago. Within this article, a simple technique based on standard optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and typical laboratory equipment has been used for E mapping in the CS region of an abnormal glow discharge.
The Motivational Power of the Happy Face
Authors: Nikitin Jana , Freund Alexandra M.
Published: January 2019

People who are cheerful have better social relationships. This might be the case because happy faces communicate an invitation to interact. Thus, happy faces might have a strong motivational effect on others. We tested this hypothesis in a set of four studies. Study 1 (N = 94) showed that approach reactions to happy faces are faster than other reactions to happy or angry faces. Study 2 (N = 99) found the same effect when comparing reactions to happy faces with reactions to disgusted faces. Supporting the notion that this effect is related to motivation, habitual social approach motivation intensified the motivational effect of happy faces (Study 3, N = 82). Finally, Study 4 (N = 40) showed that the reaction-time asymmetry does not hold for categorization tasks without approach and avoidance movements. These studies demonstrate that happy faces have a strong motivational power. They seem to activate approach reactions more strongly than angry or disgusted faces activate avoidance reactions.
Which Factors Influence Attentional Functions? Attention Assessed by KiTAP in 105 6-to-10-Year-Old Children
Authors: Tremolada Marta , Taverna Livia , Bonichini Sabrina
Published: January 2019

This research revealed the children with difficulties in attentional functions among healthy children attending primary school and aimed to identify the possible sociodemographic factors, such as the child’s age, gender, and school grade, that could influence attentive performance. The participants were 105 children aged 6–10 years (M age = 8.6; SD = 1.04), attending primary schools. Family economic condition was mostly at a medium level (63.5%), and parents most frequently had 13 years of schooling. The computerized test KiTAP was administered to children to assess their attentional functions. Results showed a higher frequency of omissions and false alarms and a reduced speed in alertness, go/no-go, and sustained attention tasks compared to Italian norms. Hierarchical regression analyses were run with school grade, gender, and current age as independent variables and mean reaction times (and standard deviation), number of omissions, and false alarms as dependent ones. The results showed that male gender and attending a lower grade impacted on lower attentional performance in several subtests. Girls showed the best performances in tests of distractibility and impulsive reaction tendencies, while higher school grade positively influenced divided and sustained attention. These results could be useful to identify children with major attentional difficulties, and some recommendations for future studies and the implementation of attention empowerment programmes are proposed.
Vibration Analysis and Dynamic Characterization of Structural Glass Elements with Different Restraints Based on Operational Modal Analysis
Authors: Bedon Chiara , Fasan Marco , Amadio Claudio
Published: January 2019

Given a series of intrinsic features of structural glass systems (i.e., material properties, type of restraints, operational conditions, etc.), special care should be spent at the design stage, to ensure appropriate fail-safe requirements, but also in the service life of these innovative building components and assemblies. In this paper, the dynamic characterization of simple monolithic glass elements is presented, based on non-destructive laboratory experiments and Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) techniques, including Finite Element (FE) numerical simulations, classical analytical models, and video-tracking approaches. It is shown, in particular, how the actual restraint condition (i.e., flexibility of supports, with respect to ideal boundaries) can affect the vibration parameters of a given glass member (frequency and damping capacity). This turns out in possible variations of its overall structural performance, including stress-strain-related effects, hence suggesting the need for even further dedicated studies and methods for the reliable analysis and design of structural glass assemblies and complex systems under dynamic loads.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR T) Therapy for Hematologic and Solid Malignancies: Efficacy and Safety—A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yu Wen-Liang , Hua Zi-Chun
Published: January 2019

Chimeric antigen receptors T cells (CAR T) had been used for treating various tumor patients in clinic, and owned an incredible efficacy in part of malignancies. However, CAR T therapy remains controversial due to doubts about its efficacy and safety in the clinical treatment of various malignancies. A total of 997 tumor patients from 52 studies were included in this review. Eligible studies were searched and reviewed from the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang and Clinicaltrials.gov. Then meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the overall response rate (ORR), complete response rate (CRR), common side effect rate (CSER) and relapse rate (RR) of CAR T therapy for patients in clinical researches, respectively. The results further confirmed that CAR T therapy had a higher response rate for hematologic malignancies. More importantly, CAR T therapy had a higher CSER in patients with hematologic malignancies, and it had a similar RR in patients with different malignancies. Cell cultured without the addition of IL-2 and total administration less than 108 cells were recommended. This study offers a reference for future research regarding the application in solid and hematologic malignancies, side effects and relapse, and even the production processes of CAR T cells.
Dynamic Thromboembolic Risk Modelling to Target Appropriate Preventative Strategies for Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Alexander Marliese , Ball David , Solomon Benjamin , MacManus Michael , Manser Renee , Riedel Bernhard , Westerman David , Evans Sue M. , Wolfe Rory , Burbury Kate
Published: January 2019

Prevention of cancer-associated thromboembolism (TE) remains a significant clinical challenge and priority world-wide safety initiative. In this prospective non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohort, longitudinal TE risk profiling (clinical and biomarker) was undertaken to develop risk stratification models for targeted TE prevention. These were compared with published models from Khorana, CATS, PROTECHT, CONKO, and CATS/MICA. The NSCLC cohort of 129 patients, median follow-up 22.0 months (range 5.6—31.3), demonstrated a hypercoagulable profile in >75% patients and TE incidence of 19%. High TE risk patients were those receiving chemotherapy with baseline fibrinogen ≥ 4 g/L and d-dimer ≥ 0.5 mg/L; or baseline d-dimer ≥ 1.5 mg/L; or month 1 d-dimer ≥ 1.5 mg/L. The model predicted TE with 100% sensitivity and 34% specificity (c-index 0.67), with TE incidence 27% vs. 0% for high vs. low-risk. A comparison using the Khorana, PROTECHT, and CONKO methods were not discriminatory; TE incidence 17–25% vs. 14–19% for high vs. low-risk (c-index 0.51–0.59). Continuous d-dimer (CATS/MICA model) was also not predictive of TE. Independent of tumour stage, high TE risk was associated with cancer progression (HR 1.9, p = 0.01) and mortality (HR 2.2, p = 0.02). The model was tested for scalability in a prospective gastrointestinal cancer cohort with equipotency demonstrated; 80% sensitivity and 39% specificity. This proposed TE risk prediction model is simple, practical, potent and can be used in the clinic for real-time, decision-making for targeted thromboprophylaxis. Validation in a multicentre randomised interventional study is underway (ACTRN12618000811202).
Modulation of RAB7A Protein Expression Determines Resistance to Cisplatin through Late Endocytic Pathway Impairment and Extracellular Vesicular Secretion
Authors: Guerra Flora , Paiano Aurora , Migoni Danilo , Girolimetti Giulia , Perrone Anna Myriam , De Iaco Pierandrea , Fanizzi Francesco Paolo , Gasparre Giuseppe , Bucci Cecilia
Published: January 2019

Background: Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used in treatment of cancer, yet patients often develop resistance with consequent therapeutical failure. In CDDP-resistant cells alterations of endocytosis and lysosomal functionality have been revealed, although their causes and contribution to therapy response are unclear. Methods: We investigated the role of RAB7A, a key regulator of late endocytic trafficking, in CDDP-resistance by comparing resistant and sensitive cells using western blotting, confocal microscopy and real time PCR. Modulation of RAB7A expression was performed by transfection and RNA interference, while CDDP sensitivity and intracellular accumulation were evaluated by viability assays and chemical approaches, respectively. Also extracellular vesicles were purified and analyzed. Finally, correlations between RAB7A and chemotherapy response was investigated in human patient samples. Results: We demonstrated that down-regulation of RAB7A characterizes the chemoresistant phenotype, and that RAB7A depletion increases CDDP-resistance while RAB7A overexpression decreases it. In addition, increased production of extracellular vesicles is modulated by RAB7A expression levels and correlates with reduction of CDDP intracellular accumulation. Conclusions: We demonstrated, for the first time, that RAB7A regulates CDDP resistance determining alterations in late endocytic trafficking and drug efflux through extracellular vesicles.
18F-FDOPA PET/CT Combined with MRI for Gross Tumor Volume Delineation in Patients with Skull Base Paraganglioma
Authors: Helali Mehdi , Moreau Matthieu , Le Fèvre Clara , Heimburger Céline , Bund Caroline , Goichot Bernard , Veillon Francis , Hubelé Fabrice , Charpiot Anne , Noel Georges , Imperiale Alessio
Published: January 2019

In this simulation study, we assessed differences in gross tumor volume (GTV) in a series of skull base paragangliomas (SBPGLs) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 18F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), and 18F-FDOPA PET/MRI images obtained by rigid alignment of PET and MRI. GTV was delineated in 16 patients with SBPGLs on MRI (GTVMRI), 18F-FDOPA PET/CT (GTVPET), and combined PET/MRI (GTVPET/MRI). GTVPET/MRI was the union of GTVMRI and GTVPET after visual adjustment. Three observers delineated GTVMRI and GTVPET/MRI independently. Excellent interobserver reproducibility was found for both GTVMRI and GTVPET/MRI. GTVPET and GTVMRI were not significantly different. However, there was some spatial difference between the locations of GTVMRI, GTVPET, and GTVPET/MRI. The Dice similarity coefficient median value was 0.4 between PET/CT and MRI, and 0.8 between MRI and PET/MRI. The combined use of PET/MRI produced a larger GTV than MRI alone. Nevertheless, both the target-delivered dose and organs-at-risk conservancy were respected when treatment was planned on the PET/MRI-matched data set. Future integration of 18F-FDOPA PET/CT into clinical practice will be necessary to evaluate the influence of this diagnostic modality on SBPGL therapeutic management. If the clinical utility of 18F-FDOPA PET/CT and/or PET/MRI is confirmed, GTVPET/MRI should be considered for tailored radiotherapy planning in patients with SBPGL.
Exploiting NK Cell Surveillance Pathways for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Barrow Alexander , Colonna Marco
Published: January 2019

Natural killer (NK) cells can evoke potent anti-tumour activity. This function is largely mediated through a battery of specialised cell-surface receptors which probe the tissue microenvironment for changes in surface and secretory phenotypes that may alert to the presence of infection or malignancy. These receptors have the potential to arouse the robust cytotoxic and cytokine-secreting functions of NK cells and so must be tightly regulated to prevent autoimmunity. However, such functions also hold great promise for clinical intervention. In this review, we highlight some of the latest breakthroughs in fundamental NK cell receptor biology that have illuminated our understanding of the molecular strategies NK cells employ to perceive malignant cells from normal healthy cells. Moreover, we highlight how these sophisticated tumour recognition strategies are being harnessed for cancer immunotherapies in the clinic.
Obesity, Leptin and Breast Cancer: Epidemiological Evidence and Proposed Mechanisms
Authors: Andò Sebastiano , Gelsomino Luca , Panza Salvatore , Giordano Cinzia , Bonofiglio Daniela , Barone Ines , Catalano Stefania
Published: January 2019

The prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing over the past few decades in several developed and developing countries, with resultant hazardous health implications. Substantial epidemiological evidence has shown that excessive adiposity strongly influences risk, prognosis, and progression of various malignancies, including breast cancer. Indeed, it is now well recognized that obesity is a complex physiologic state associated with multiple molecular changes capable of modulating the behavior of breast tumor cells as well of the surrounding microenvironment. Particularly, insulin resistance, hyperactivation of insulin-like growth factor pathways, and increased levels of estrogen due to aromatization by the adipose tissue, inflammatory cytokines, and adipokines contribute to breast cancerogenesis. Among adipokines, leptin, whose circulating levels increase proportionally to total adipose tissue mass, has been identified as a key member of the molecular network in obesity. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiological link existing between obesity and breast cancer and outlines the molecular mechanisms underlying this connection. The multifaceted role of the obesity adipokine leptin in this respect is also discussed.
Novel STAT3 Inhibitor LDOC1 Targets Phospho-JAK2 for Degradation by Interacting with LNX1 and Regulates the Aggressiveness of Lung Cancer
Authors: Lee Chia-Huei , Yang Ji-Rui , Chen Chih-Yu , Tsai Ming-Hsien , Hung Pin-Feng , Chen Shin-Jih , Chiang Shang-Lun , Chang Han , Lin Pinpin
Published: January 2019

Meta-analysis revealed that Leucine Zipper Down-Regulated In Cancer 1 (LDOC1) increased methylation more in people with lung tumors than in those who were healthy and never smoked. Quantitative methylation-specific PCR revealed that cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) exposure drives LDOC1 promoter hypermethylation and silence in human bronchial cells. Immunohistochemistry studies showed that LDOC1 downregulation is associated with poor survival of patients with lung cancer. Loss and gain of LDOC1 functions enhanced and attenuated aggressive phenotypes in lung adenocarcinoma A549 and non–small cell lung carcinoma H1299 cell lines, respectively. We found that LDOC1 deficiency led to reinforcing a reciprocal loop of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3, through which LDOC1 mediates the cancer progression. LDOC1 knockdown considerably augmented tumorigenesis and the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in vivo. Results from immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent confocal microscopy indicated that LDOC1 negatively regulates JAK2 activity by forming multiple protein complexes with pJAK2 and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase LNX1, and in turn, LDOC1 targets pJAK2 to cause ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. LDOC1 deficiency attenuates the interactions between LNX1 and pJAK2, leading to ineffective ubiquitination of pJAK2, which activates STAT3. Overall, our results elucidated a crucial role of LDOC1 in lung cancer and revealed how LDOC1 acts as a bridge between tobacco exposure and the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 loop in this human malignancy.
Targeting Proteotoxic Stress in Cancer: A Review of the Role that Protein Quality Control Pathways Play in Oncogenesis
Authors: Ho Zhi Guang Matthew , Kavanagh Emma , Dunne Luke , Dowling Paul , Zhang Li , Lindsay Sinéad , Bazou Despina , Goh Chia , Hanley Cathal , Bianchi Giada , Anderson Kenneth , O’Gorman Peter , McCann Amanda
Published: January 2019

Despite significant advances in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics the majority of cancer unfortunately remains incurable, which has led to continued research to better understand its exceptionally diverse biology. As a result of genomic instability, cancer cells typically have elevated proteotoxic stress. Recent appreciation of this functional link between the two secondary hallmarks of cancer: aneuploidy (oxidative stress) and proteotoxic stress, has therefore led to the development of new anticancer therapies targeting this emerging “Achilles heel” of malignancy. This review highlights the importance of managing proteotoxic stress for cancer cell survival and provides an overview of the integral role proteostasis pathways play in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. We further review the efforts undertaken to exploit proteotoxic stress in multiple myeloma (as an example of a hematologic malignancy) and triple negative breast cancer (as an example of a solid tumor), and give examples of: (1) FDA-approved therapies in routine clinical use; and (2) promising therapies currently in clinical trials. Finally, we provide new insights gleaned from the use of emerging technologies to disrupt the protein secretory pathway and repurpose E3 ligases to achieve targeted protein degradation.
Liquid Phase Hydrogenation of MIBK over M/CsPW (M = Ag, Ru, Pt, and Pd)
Authors: Alhanash Abdullah M. , Atran Amal A. , Eissa Murad , Benaissa Mhamed , Hamdy Mohamed S.
Published: January 2019

Four different metal nanoparticles (metal = Ag, Ru, Pt, or Rh) were impregnated on the acidic cesium salt of tungstophosphoric acid Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 (CsPW) with a loading amount of 2 wt%. The prepared catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 sorption measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Results confirmed the formation of highly distributed metallic nanoparticle centres over the acidic CsPW. The catalytic activity of the prepared catalysts were evaluated in the liquid phase hydrogenation of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) to 2-methylpentane (2-MP) at 453 K. Pd-CsPW showed the highest activity compared to other catalysts, where 10% conversion was obtained with 91% selectivity after 4 h’s reaction time.
Electrochemical Promotion of Nanostructured Palladium Catalyst for Complete Methane Oxidation
Authors: Hajar Yasmine M. , Venkatesh Balaji , Baranova Elena A.
Published: January 2019

Electrochemical promotion of catalysis (EPOC) was investigated for methane complete oxidation over palladium nano-structured catalysts deposited on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid electrolyte. The catalytic rate was evaluated at different temperatures (400, 425 and 450 °C), reactant ratios and polarization values. The electrophobic behavior of the catalyst, i.e., reaction rate increase upon anodic polarization was observed for all temperatures and gas compositions with an apparent Faradaic efficiency as high as 3000 (a current application as low as 1 μA) and maximum rate enhancement ratio up to 2.7. Temperature increase resulted in higher enhancement ratios under closed-circuit conditions. Electrochemical promotion experiments showed persistent behavior, where the catalyst remained in the promoted state upon current or potential interruption for a long period of time. An increase in the polarization time resulted in a longer-lasting persistent promotion (p-EPOC) and required more time for the reaction rate to reach its initial open-circuit value. This was attributed to continuous promotion by the stored oxygen in palladium oxide, which was formed during the anodic polarization in agreement with p-EPOC mechanism reported earlier.
The Potential of Different Origin Stem Cells in Modulating Oral Bone Regeneration Processes
Authors: Buduru Smaranda Dana , Gulei Diana , Zimta Alina-Andreea , Tigu Adrian Bogdan , Cenariu Diana , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana
Published: January 2019

Tissue engineering has gained much momentum since the implementation of stem cell isolation and manipulation for regenerative purposes. Despite significant technical improvements, researchers still have to decide which strategy (which type of stem cell) is the most suitable for their specific purpose. Therefore, this short review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the three main categories of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells in the context of bone regeneration for dentistry-associated conditions. Importantly, when deciding upon the right strategy, the selection needs to be made in concordance with the morbidity and the life-threatening level of the condition in discussion. Therefore, even when a specific type of stem cell holds several advantages over others, their availability, invasiveness of the collection method and ethical standards become deciding parameters.