bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of macroeconomic factors and interaction with institutional performance on Vietnamese bank share prices
Authors: Phu Ha Nguyen
Published: March 2021

Shares of listed banks in Vietnam gain a lot of interest from investors and regulators. It is important to study the primary drivers of the banks’ share prices. In this context, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gold Price (GP), Ninety-day Interbank Interest Rate (R), and USD/VND Exchange Rate (FX) are selected as representatives for macroeconomic variables. A new contribution of this study is the application of interactive factors between macroeconomics and bank performance (i.e., Equity Capital (E), Deposit Аmounts (D), Loan Amounts (L), Non-performing Loans (NPLs), Leverage (LEV), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Assets (ROA), and Stock Beta (Beta)) in evaluating their impact on bank share prices. Applying the econometric method of Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) and the quarterly financial data of 13 listed banks from Q1/2009 to Q3/2020, the regression results show that GDP improvements can foster an increase in bank share prices, and this impact is strengthened if banks have good performance of ROA, CAR, and with strict control of NPLs. The R also has a positive impact on bank share prices, and the price level increases if NPLs, LEV, and Beta are controlled at optimal levels. However, empirical evidence drawn from the study also suggests that an increase in FX and GP is not a significant contributor to bank share prices, especially if the bank does not manage NPLs and LEV. Moreover, the impact of E, D, and L on the movements of bank share prices is not significant.
Eye hydrodynamics indicators in children with congenital cataract, aphakia and pseudophakia
Authors: Khamraeva L. S. , Bobokha L. Yu. , Katargina L. A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. To determine the specificity of functional and tonographic parameters of the eyeball in children with cataract, aphakia and pseudophakia. Material and methods. A comparative analysis of eye hydrodynamics indices was made according to a simplified procedure, using the Friedenwald nomogram, on 75 children aged 2 to 17 years with cataract (24 eyes), aphakia (21 eyes), pseudophakia (15 eyes), and IOL dislocation (15 eyes), as well as 12 healthy children.

Results. In pseudophakia, true IOP was found to fall to 10.00 ± 0.01 mm Hg due to a decrease in aqueous humor production (to 0.10±0.01 mm3 / min) and increase of its outflow (to 0.75 ± 0.02 mm3/min / mm). IOL dislocation led to an increase in true IOP (24.40±1.0 mm Hg) due to an increase in aqueous humor production (4.09±0.05 mm3/min) and a decrease in its outflow (0.010 ± 0.002 mm3/min/mm). In these eyes, clinical manifestations of secondary pseudophakic glaucoma were noted, which are explained by factors obstructing aqueous humor outflow (vitreous prolapse and partial vitreous block) and considered an indication for re-operation.

Conclusion. Statistically significant changes of hydrodynamic eye parameters in children with pseudophakia have been detected: increased true IOP in IOL dislocation, and, conversely, reduced true IOP in case of the normal IOL location. The authors believe that eye “hypotension” in case of pseudophakia requires further study.
The variability of the microbial profile of corneal ulcers
Authors: Maharramov P. M. , Guliyeva M. H.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. To study the microbiological profile of corneal ulcers depending on demographic and clinical characteristics of patients.

Materials and methods. 97 patients (114 eyes) (65 men and 32 women) diagnosed with corneal ulcer were tested. 80 patients had unilateral and 17 bilateral ulcers. The patients’ age varied from 15 to 87 years (24.7 % aged 50–59, 27.8 % aged 60–69, and 19.7 % aged 70 or older). All patients were examined for the microbiological profile of corneal scrapings to determine the microbial flora of the corneal ulcer. The significance of gender, age and clinical differences found in the structure of the microbiological profile was evaluated by the the χ² criterion.

Results. Gram-positive microorganisms were among the most frequently detected: Staphylococcus epidermidis in 25.3 % of cases, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 21.7 % of cases, Streptococcus viridians in 16.3 % of cases, and Staphylococcus aureus in 7,8 % of cases. Gram-negative microbial flora (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was revealed in 22.3 % of cases, while fungi were identified in 6.6 % of cases.

Conclusion. The microbiological profile of corneal ulcer depends on the patient’s age, localization, size and depth of the lesion, as well as the presence of complication. Severe and complicated forms of corneal ulcer (sized ˃5 mm, depth of the lesion exceeding two thirds of corneal thickness) are often associated with the detection of more than one type of microorganism.
Current assessment results of the efficacy and safety of scleroplasty in progressive myopia
Authors: Iomdina E. N. , Tarutta E. P. , Markosian G. A. , Gavrilova J. I.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the review is to analyze the data of recent studies (performed in the last two decades) of the efficacy and safety of sclera reinforcement surgeries for progressive myopia in children and adults. Short-term and long-term observation results are presented, indicating the impact of the initial degree of myopia, the patient's age, surgical technique and the choice of plastic material on the outcome of the intervention and the further course of the myopic process. The advantages of a biologically active synthetic graft are described, which makes it possible to deposit drugs that stimulate scleral crosslinking and have a biomechanical, trophic and hemodynamic effect. Crosslinking of scleral collagen is a promising approach to the treatment of myopia.
Modern approaches to the treatment of rhinopharyngitis in the practice of a district pediatrician
Authors: Koltuntceva Inna V. , Bairova Svetlana V. , Sakhno Larisa V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. In outpatient practice, acute nasopharyngitis in children is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical attention. The local pediatrician, as a rule, is the first to examine the child and determine the tactics of treatment. A competent approach to the choice of drugs avoids polypharmacy.

The article presents the published scientific evidence on the modern approach to the treatment, as well as the author’s own clinical observation.

Objective. To study the effectiveness of modern methods for the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, including the use of silver proteinate to treat acute respiratory infections in a group of frequently ill children.

Materials and methods. The study involved 38 children aged 3 to 4 years, included in the group of frequent illnesses. The children were divided into 3 groups. In the first group (12 people), for four months (October-December 2019), children received symptomatic treatment of an acute respiratory infection; between episodes of acute respiratory infection, daily prophylactic irrigation of the child’s nose and throat with saline was used. In the second group (13 people), symptomatic treatment and nasal instillation of a preparation of silver proteinate were used at each episode of acute respiratory infection. In the third group (13 people), children received only symptomatic treatment for acute respiratory infection.In the first and third groups, children received symptomatic treatment of an acute respiratory infection without the use of silver proteinate.

Results. The chosen approach to the ARVI treatment such as nasal instillation of silver proteinate into the bilateral nasal cavities has shown its effectiveness without having to carry out preventive measures between episodes of the disease.

Conclusion. The application of elimination and antiseptic therapy with the use of Sialor for each episode of ARVI in the group of frequently ill children can reduce polypharmacy and incidence of morbidity.
Community-acquired pneumonia in children in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. What has changed?
Authors: Zaytseva Olga V. , Zaytseva Svetlana V. , Lokshina Evelina E. , Khaspekov Dmitriy V. , Tkachenko Nadezhda V. , Sholokhova Natalya A. , Kulikova Elena V. , Simonovskaya Khilda Yu. , Tomilova Anna Yu. , Barkinkhoev Adam T. , Belyaeva Tatyana Yu.
Published: March 2021

During COVID-19 pandemic the issue of diagnosis and rational therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in children became acute. This is caused by difficulties in verification of the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia in the outpatient department, peculiarities of interpretation of the respiratory system lesions. The article presents clinical cases of communityacquired pneumonia in children admitted to the pulmonology department of a pediatric hospital.

Clinical case 1. 5-year-old child, medical history: acutely fell ill, on 28.11.20, had a sore throat and fever up to 39.0 C. Received Kagocel, Miramistin, Nurofen. PCR for COVID-19 on 08.12.20 was positive, on 18.12.2020, 22.12.2020, 20.01.2021 - negative. Immunoassay (ELISA) on 12.23.20: IgM - 4.47, IgG - 255.25. Lung and pleural cavity ultrasound: echo signs of sharply pronounced interstitial syndrome, massive fibrinothorax on both sides, indirect signs of bronchopleural fistulas; lung radiography: bilateral polysegmental pneumonia, bilateral hydrothorax, bilateral fibrinothorax, with no marked progression; CT scan with IV contrast: CT picture of hydrothorax on the left, hydropneumothorax on the right, pleurisy on both sides, compression atelectasis of lower lobe segments of both lungs. With no marked progression. Treatment. Thoracentesis; antibiotic therapy, antimycotics, infusion therapy, immunotherapy, partial parenteral nutrition. Against the background of the therapy, positive dynamics was obtained. Clinical examples are also given: an 8-year-old child with suspected new coronavirus infection and a 5-year-old child with bilateral polysegmental pneumonia.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: state of the problem and prospects
Authors: Novak Andrey A. , Mizernitskiy Yuriy L.
Published: March 2021

This review article provides an up-to-date understanding of primary ciliary dyskinesia (immotile-cilia syndrome) and its particular variant, Cartagener syndrome, a genetically determined pathology leading to chronic inflammatory lesions of the respiratory tract, hearing organs, and impaired fertile function. This orphan disease is not well known to the general medical community. Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a rare hereditary disease of the group of ciliopathies that is based on a genetically determined defect in the ultrastructure of the cilia of the respiratory tract epithelium and similar structures, leading to impaired motor function. Various step-by-step algorithms have been proposed to verify the diagnosis, the obligatory components of which are assessment of the motor ability of the cilia of the atopic epithelium, nasal nitric oxide (nNO) level, electron microscopic examination of a bronchial mucosal biopsy specimen, and genetic examination. There is no gold standard for diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Diagnostic search in patients should be complex and consist of certain stages. Currently, therapeutic strategies for primary ciliary dyskinesia are based on approved clinical guidelines. In many countries, the therapy of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia is based on treatment protocols for patients with cystic fibrosis, despite the obvious differences in these diseases. The main goal of therapy is adequate airway clearance, control and prevention of infectious diseases, and elimination of potential airway exposure to various types of pollutants, including tobacco smoke. The article describes the clinic, characteristic symptoms of the disease, its prevalence and genetic aspects, discusses the problems of diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and monitoring of these children, as well as the need for a national register of patients with this pathology.
Modern opportunities of interferons in treatment of children with COVID-19
Authors: Safina Asiya I. , Sharipova Olga V. , Lutfullin Ildus Ya. , Naumova Olga S. , Daminova Maria A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. In 2020, most doctors were at the frontlines in the fight against the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). In the process of searching for effective etiotropic drugs, news came in that type I interferons had been successfully used for the treatment of COVID-19. Choosing the optimal COVID-19 treatment strategy is of pivotal importance for vulnerable populations such as children.

Objective of the study. To show our own experience in providing medical care to children with COVID-19 and present the results of a comparative study of the efficacy and safety of interferon alfa-2b drugs combined with highly active antioxidants in the complex COVID-19 therapy in children.

Materials and methods. A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of interferon alfa-2b drugs combined with highly active antioxidants in the complex COVID-19 therapy in children was conducted. The study included children with a laboratoryconfirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 aged 1 – 17 years (n = 85). In the treatment group (n = 45), children received interferon alfa-2b drugs such as VIFERON® rectal suppositories and VIFERON® gel for topical administration according to the dosage regimen and standard therapy. In the control group (n = 40), children only received standard therapy in accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Russia.

Results and discussion. 3,696 patients, including 3,507 children, received medical care in the City Children’s Hospital No. 1 in Kazan since April 2020. The share of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases among admitted children was 21% (n = 736), of which 85 were enrolled in the study to assess the efficacy of complex therapy with interferon alpha-2b drugs combined with highly active antioxidants. The interferon alfa-2b therapy of COVID-19 children reduced the duration of the key clinical symptoms of the disease by 1.5-4 days and the virus elimination time by 6 days.

Conclusions. The use of interferon alfa-2b VIFERON® rectal suppositories and VIFERON® gel for topical administration according to the dose regimen in combination with the standard therapy in COVID-19 children contributed to faster elimination of clinical symptoms of the disease and virus elimination compared to the standard therapy.
Sleep disorders in migraine
Authors: Vashchenko N. V. , Kozhev A. I. , Azimovа Ju. E.
Published: March 2021

Migraine and sleep disorders are common in the general population, may be associated with each other and often significantly reduce patients’ quality of life. Clinicians and epidemiological studies have long acknowledged a link between these conditions. However, the exact nature of this relationship, its underlying mechanisms and patterns are complex and not fully understood. This publication brings together the latest data on the relationship between migraine and sleep disorders: the biochemical and functional-anatomical background, the mutual influence of these conditions on each other and the typical sleep disturbances in migraine patients (such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, parasomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness). The paper discusses the hypotheses of pathogenetic relationships based on the studies of the central nervous system’s anatomical and physiological features in people with migraine and sleep disorders. The available data should encourage physicians to evaluate sleep quality in migraineurs and use combination therapy systematically. The therapy of insomnia is reviewed: both nonpharmacological and pharmacological therapies are discussed; the advantages of an integrated approach are discussed, and a brief overview of each group of medications is offered.Lastly, a case study of a patient with chronic migraine and insomnia treated with Doxylamine in combination therapy is presented. Treatment with Doxylamine significantly reduced the incidence of insomnia, probably thereby positively influencing the course of migraine as well.
Use of Janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases: safety issues
Authors: Belov B. S. , Muravyeva N. V. , Tarasova G. M. , Baranova M. M.
Published: March 2021

There has been clear progress in rheumatology in recent decades with the introduction of genetically engineered biological drugs (GEBDs) as well as targeted baseline anti-inflammatory drugs, which include Janus kinase inhibitors (i-JAKs). To date, i-JAKs have been actively used and studied in various immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) – rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), as well as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease. In order to summarize the accumulated experience, the experts of the European League Against Rheumatism developed a consensus, which outlined the main principles and provisions concerning the rational use of i-JAKS in patients with IIRDs. At the same time, much attention is paid to the problem of the safety of these drugs. In the present article, issues related to various aspects of the safety of the use of i-JAKs in patients with IIRDs are discussed in detail, namely: dose adjustments due to drug interactions, contraindications, pre-screening, and risk assessment. Possible adverse events related to infectious complications, malignancies, thromboembolic phenomena, and gastrointestinal perforation were analyzed. The significance of clinical and laboratory monitoring in catamnestic follow-up of patients receiving i-JAKs is emphasized. A program for further research on the mentioned problem is presented. It includes studies of the efficacy and safety of «switching» between i-JAKs in patients with poor tolerance of a particular drug or who do not respond to treatment, evaluation of the effect of i-JAKs on comorbidities including cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, studies of the long-term safety of i-JAKs based on actual practice data, and of the effectiveness and safety of i-JAKs and GEBDs combination therapy in patients with severe RA or other conditions, etc. This consensus is designed to inform and target physicians seeking to achieve optimal use of these drugs in patients with IIRDs, as well as patients themselves and other interested parties, including facility administrators. The recommendations will undoubtedly be expanded and supplemented as new data accumulate.
Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: management in the outpatient setting
Authors: Filatova Yu. S. , Solovyov I. N.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the treatment of osteoarthritis. To prevent serious structural and functional changes, it is extremely important to start therapy in the early stages of the disease. Symptomatic slow-acting drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) are an important class in the pharmacological arsenal of OA treatment. The results of the use of this group of drugs in numerous clinical studies have demonstrated good effectiveness in the long-term achievement of the goal. The SYSADOA class (chondroprotectors) includes many different drugs, including glucosamine, chondroitin, diacerein, and soy unsaponifiable avocado substances. Particular attention is paid to the injectable forms of chondroprotective drugs, data from experimental and clinical studies confirming their effectiveness. The authors discuss the issue of intra-articular administration of drugs for knee osteoarthritis and the choice of optimal access. Intra-articular drug delivery has a number of advantages over systemic delivery, including increased local bioavailability, reduced systemic exposure, fewer side effects, and reduced cost. To minimize side effects, it is important to determine the injection site and to have some preparation in the correct placement of the needle during these procedures. To improve the accuracy of intraarticular injections, various imaging methods can be used, but ultrasound of the musculoskeletal system is the most practical. The article presents the data of personal experience of choosing access under the control of ultrasound. Taking into account the anatomy of the knee joint, performing an intra-articular injection from the inside into the upper inversion is the most affordable and optimal. The article presents the data of a clinical example of the introduction of chondroprotectors through the selected access.
Utilization of the Corncob Agro-Industrial Residue as a Potential Adsorbent in the Biosorption of Bisphenol-A
Authors: Golveia Jhéssica , Santiago Mariângela , Silva Leandro , Campos Luiza , Schimidt Fernando
Published: March 2021

The presence of plastic waste in water bodies has led to a growing concern due to the impact on human health. Among the most important plastic additive molecules is bisphenol-A (BPA). On the other hand, micro-pollutant removal processes that make use of agro-industrial waste have aroused the interest of researchers. This is because the accumulation of lignocellulosic materials is also an environmental problem. The objective of this work is to use corncob agro-industrial residue (CC) as an adsorbent in the removal of BPA in aqueous matrix. The adsorption studies were carried out in reaction media containing the ground vegetable fiber and BPA solution in concentrations of 10, 25 and 50 mg L-1, as well as at pHs 3, 5, 7 and 9. Isotherms models and kinetic models were evaluated. The results showed that CC is a potent BPA adsorbent in aqueous solution, leading to about 90% of removal. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order model and isotherm that best suited was the Lagmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 51.25 mg per gram of adsorbent fiber, after 20 min of contact. The thermogravimetric analysis allowed us to conclude that CC is a material resistant to high temperatures, due to the presence of a considerable amount of lignin. Finally, the best results of BPA removal efficiency by CC compared to activated carbon corroborate its high biosorption capacity.
Zgoda małżonków w procesie skróconym przed biskupem
Authors: Gałkowski Tomasz
Published: March 2021

The study analyzes the answer of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts regarding the need to obtain the explicit consent of the other party as a sine qua non condition for the commencement  of the Briefer Matrimonial Process before the Bishop. The author analyzes the rations for formulating the content of the answer, but also points to situations that impede obtaining such a consent. He points out that the actual grounds for the annulment of a marriage should prevail over the formal reason.
Obrzędy sakramentu małżeństwa w ujęciu wymogów Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Kilanowicz Ryszard
Published: March 2021

The liturgy of the Church is an expression of his life with Christ, it uses natural signs such as: wine, water, light, fire, smoke, oil, salt, and ash. It is through Christ, that they are given new meaning. This meaning is to glorify God and sanctify man. The sacramental ordinances are determined by ecclesiastical law which follows the nature and life of the Church.

The ordinances of the Church, through the visible, direct us to the invisible. Behind what is visible there is no action or God's grace. These signs of God's presence are symbols, which St. Augustine calls the encounter between God and man in the world of signs and symbols, a Sacrament. The sacraments of the Church are graces given by God to man for his sanctification. In sacramental rites, the Church can change form, but never in essence and matter. The matter of the sacrament of marriage is between a woman and a man.

The rites of the sacrament of marriage, were announced in 1969, are used in Poland, however, it has been adapted to the new Code of Canon Law of 1983. Jesus instituted the sacrament of marriage. Marriage should be celebrated at Holy Mass and is characterized by unity and indissolubility. During the rites of the sacrament of marriage, the Church then asks what is the will of the person is for getting married. The couple then join their right hands and place the wedding rings on each other’s ring finger. The effects of the sacrament of marriage, which express the Rites of the Sacrament of Marriage, are: marriage community, grace and family. The liturgy with the sacrament of marriage speaks of the sanctity of marriage through the beauty of its celebration.
Combinational Approaches Targeting Neurodegeneration, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Chalke Siddhi Dilip , Kale Pravin Popatrao
Published: March 2021

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe ocular problems of diabetes. It is a
microvascular complication that impairs the vision of diabetic individuals and can cause acquired
blindness. Currently, available treatment options like laser therapy, vitrectomy, intravitreal anti-vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents, and glucocorticoids help to reduce vision loss at advanced
stages. In spite of the available therapies, patients with severe vision loss face difficulty in
achieving the normal vision. There is a need for the development of newer treatment strategies to
address the condition from the early stages. Multiple factors owing to complex pathophysiological
events are responsible for this long-term complication. Neurodegeneration, inflammation, and
oxidative stress are the three important factors associated with the development of DR. Oxidative
stress is a major contributor to the onset and progression of DR. Pathological events like retinal
neurodegeneration and inflammation damage the retina in the early stages of DR. Different combinations
of treatments targeting these pathological events are discussed in the present review. The
first combination discussed is citicoline and resveratrol and the second combination is duloxetine
and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). These combinations may help in the early stages of DR. CD5-2, and
angiopoietin-2 inhibitors is the third combination and this combination may help to manage diabetic
macular edema. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the link between these pathologies
and the three combinational approaches with the objective of considerating newer therapeutic approaches
in research related to DR treatment.
Body Mass Index and Waist Hip Ratio as a Risk Factor for Meningioma Incidence
Authors: Yuniarti Heny , Subagio Hertanto W. , Puruhita Niken , Murbawani Etisa A. , Nugrohowati Annta K. , Priambada Dody , Risdianto Ajid
Published: March 2021

Background:

Meningioma is a pathological condition in the central nervous system
(CNS), while obesity is defined as excess fat accumulation in the body, which is associated with
adverse effects on health. Obesity is characterized by an increase in the Body Mass Index (BMI)
and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR). Research on the relationship of BMI, and WHR with meningioma
has been widely carried out in various countries of Europe, however, it has not been done much
in the Asian countries, especially in Indonesia.

Objective:

To prove BMI and WHR as risk factors for the incidence of meningioma after being
controlled by confounding variables of age and sex.

Methods:

This is a case-control research involving 44 meningioma patients and 44 family members
as controls. The study was conducted at the outpatient clinic at Kariadi Doctors Hospital
from May 2019 to June 2019. We collected data including age, sex, BMI, and WHR. Bivariate
analysis using the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression was performed.

Results:

Bivariate test results showed a significant relationship between meningioma and BMI (p
< 0.001), WHR (p < 0.001), and sex (p < 0.001). Multivariate test results found that the variables
that influence the incidence of meningioma the most were BMI, WHR, and sex.

Conclusion:

Besides BMI, the increase of WHR and female sex are risk factors for meningioma
incidence.
Modifiable Risk Factors Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease with Special Reference to Sleep Disturbance
Authors: Chauhan Pallavi Singh , Mishra Meerambika , Koul Bhupendra , Sharma Mayank , Yadav Dhananjay
Published: March 2021

Sleep disorders have been shown to increase the risk of dementia. This particular aspect
may affect the cognition of the patient, leading to behavioral disorders and depression. In early
symptomatic Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Default Mode Network (DMN) disruption occurs and progresses
along with the course of the disease. This review mainly focuses on the leading causes of
AD along with management of conditions like insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, night-time sleep
duration, Circadian Rhythm Disorder (CRD), neuroendocrine alternation, and impaired sleep to prevent
the use of drugs that can cause complications, especially falls or additional cognitive deficits.
Moreover, this study highlights the identification of molecular mechanisms like the effect of impaired
sleep on amyloid β (Aβ) and tau dynamics, impaired proteostasis, along with appropriate
measures to treat few contributing factors that lead to insomnia in AD or Mild Cognitive Impairment
(MCI).
Angiotensin II-Vasopressin Interactions in The Regulation of Cardiovascular Functions. Evidence for an Impaired Hormonal Sympathetic Reflex in Hypertension and Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Iovino Michele , Lisco Giuseppe , Giagulli Vito Angelo , Vanacore Aldo , Pesce Alberto , Guastamacchia Edoardo , De Pergola Giovanni , Triggiani Vincenzo
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Angiotensin II (ANG II) and vasopressin (VP) interact in several physiological
mechanisms, playing a role in arterial hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Aim and Methods of Search:

To overview the primary mechanism involved in the regulation of
cardiovascular function, PubMed/Medline was searched, and authors selected original articles and
reviews written in English.

Results:

Angiotensin II (ANG II) and vasopressin (VP) are involved in several physiological mechanisms.
ANG II stimulates VP release via angiotensin receptor 1. ANG II and VP stimulate aldosterone
synthesis and secretion and enhance its action at the renal collecting duct level. VP is also involved
in the cardiovascular reflex control of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Also, VP potentiates
vasoconstriction and cardiac contractility, enhancing the effect of ANG II on sympathetic
tone and arterial pressure. On the other hand, ANG II and VP act antagonistically in regulating
baroreflex control of the SNS. There is evidence that high VP plasma levels increase baroreflex
sympatho-inhibitory responses, and the arterial baroreflex response is shifted to lower pressure.
This cardiovascular reflex control is mediated mainly in the brain, specifically in the circumventricular
organ area postrema (AP). The modulation of cardiovascular reflex control induced by VP is
abolished after lesions of the AP. VP modulation of baroreflex function is also under the control of
α2-adrenergic pathway arising from the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and synapsing on VP-ergic
neurons of supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. Presynaptic α2-adrenergic stimulation within
the NTS inhibits VP release induced by hypovolemia and the effects of VP and AP on baroreflex
control of SNS, thus showing baroreceptor afferent inputs are processed within the NTS and contribute
to the increased baroreflex sympatho-inhibitory responses.

Discussion:

In patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), plasma VP levels are elevated, inducing
an up-regulation of aquaporin 2 water channel expression in renal collecting duct (CD) cells
provoking exaggerated water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Antagonists of VP and ANG
II receptors reduce edema, body weight, and dyspnea in CHF patients.

Conclusion:

Hormonal imbalance between ANG II, VP, and SNS may induce hypertension and impaired
water-electrolyte balance in cardiovascular diseases.
Test-retest Reliability of Physical Activity Behavior Questionnaire for Adults
Authors: Cho Min-Haeng
Published: March 2021

Background:

There is a greater need than ever to assess daily physical activity more accurately and to monitor comprehensive trends in habitual physical activity to meet the physical activity recommendations of health organizations, such as the American Heart Association and the World Health Organization.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to design a physical activity behavior questionnaire that reflected health organizations’ physical activity recommendations and to assess the questionnaire’s test-retest reliability.

Methods:

By using a quota sampling technique, 200 participants were selected to participate in the first survey, and 117 of them completed the second survey. All respondents were participating in recreational programs provided by the community centers (senior center, residential culture center, lifetime academy, and sports center). Participants ranged in age from 20 to 88 years old (M = 51.83, SD = 21.70). The test-retest repeatability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa statistics.

Results:

The kappa score showed good agreement for all items (frequency, intensity, duration, and overall length) related to aerobic, muscular strength, and flexibility activity. The reliability coefficient showed good to high internal consistency throughout. The alpha statistics was 0.658 for questions on flexibility activity participation, 0.666 for questions on aerobic activity participation, and 0.935 for questions on muscular activity participation.

Conclusion:

This paper made an important methodological contribution to the assessment of physical activity by showing good test-retest reliability and internal consistency properties for the measurements of physical activity that reflect health organizations’ recommendations for different dimensions, types, and domains of physical activity.
Sekseverschillen in kleurterminologie, natuur, cultuur of beide?
Authors: Gerritsen M.
Published: March 2021

Dit artikel gaat over de aard van de verklaringen voor sekseverschillen in taalgebruik. Nadat ik heb laten zien dat de laatste honderd jaar beurtelings biologische en sociaal-culturele verklaringen de revue hebben gepasseerd, pleit ik voor een aanpak waarin met beide typen van verklaringen wordt rekening gehouden. Aan de hand van een onderzoek naar sekseverschillen in kennis van kleurtermen laat ik vervolgens zien dat een benadering waarin zowel biologische als sociaal culturele sekseverschillen zijn verdisconteerd, een zuiverder inzicht in het hoe en waarom van sekseverschillen in actieve en passieve kennis van kleurtermen geeft dan een aanpak waarin dit niet gebeurt.
Nederland, Vlaanderen, België
Authors: Vanderlinden Sonja
Published: March 2021

The present article focuses on how French-speaking readers perceiverecent Dutch and Flemish literature and examines how French-speakershave access to it. Special attention is paid to French translations ofDutch and Flemish novels, which have been published during the pasttwenty years. This survey shows that the most translated writers areCees Nooteboom, Hella S. Haasse, and Hugo Claus. Some hypothesesare put forward and attempt to explain this choice. The article ends witha brief discussion on the (limited) importance Dutch literature has in theteaching of Dutch as a foreign language in French-speaking Belgium.
Alternantie en verbale monosemie
Authors: Coene Ann
Published: March 2021

This paper is a case study of the valency of the German verb wissen'to know'. The analysis is based on a descriptive model which combinesthe lexical theory of basic core meaning with a syntactic theory of alternation.Integrating these two theories into a unified model serves twopurposes. Firstly, it is argued that variable valency patterns can be explainedas a structured paradigm on the level of langue. On this level,the most frequent pattern in a corpus can be regarded as the basic structureunderlying different alternation types. The alternations may be purelystructural or - if the syntactic alternations correspond to changes inthe standard reading of the verb - structural-semantic. Secondly, thebasic meaning of the verb turns out to be analysable by means of paradigmaticallyarranged meaning elements. Thus, the analysis shows thatlexical and syntactic structures are mutually determined. The case studysupports the view that both the paradigmatic and the syntagmatic meaningsof valency bearing elements are interrelated in a structured, nonarbitraryway. It offers both theoretical insights as to which types ofstructural-semantic regularities determine variable valency patterns, andpractical ideas for the lexicography of valency bearing elements.
De handtekening van Cleopatra
Authors: Van Minnen Peter
Published: March 2021

A new text on papyrus contains a royal ordinance of Cleopatra fromFebruary 33 in which she exempts the right-hand man of Mark Antony,Publius Canidius Crassus, from taxes on his land in Egypt and, up to acertain level, from import and export duties. The papyrus is the originaldisposition and contains the fiat of the queen written in her own hand.The text gives us a unique glimpse of the "foreign" policy of Cleopatrawhich was firmly grounded in Egyptian realities.
Aristoteles' De motu animalium in de Middeleeuwen
Authors: De Leemans Pieter
Published: March 2021

This article focuses on the reception of Aristotle's De motu animaliumin the Middle Ages. The treatise was translated twice. The first translation- which is lost - was used by Albert the Great in his paraphrase Deprincipiis motus processivi. The translator probably must be situated inSouth Italy in the first half or in the middle of the thirteenth century.William of Moerbeke (ca. 1215-1286) is the author of the second translation,which circulated at the University of Paris. It has become clearthat he reworked his text on later occasions - a recurrent feature of histranslation method. De motu animalium was studied and commentedrather frequently. The most influential commentary was written by Peterof Auvergne (+ 1304). It is due to Peter's popularity that Moerbeke'stranslation was still in use even after new Renaissance translations weremade.
Frans van Cauwelaert
Authors: Wils Lode
Published: March 2021

Frans van Cauwelaert, a Member of Parliament for Antwerp, was in1910-1935 the dominant figure in the Flemish Movement. He realized thefull equality of Flanders and Wallonia on the basis of the monolingualstatus of each region. From 1970 on, this led to the devolution of power tothe regions.
Poging tot beatificatie van martelaar Joris van Geel en de Belgische koloniale geschiedschrijving (1930-1948)
Authors: Etambala Zana Aziza
Published: March 2021

This contribution deals with the steps taken by the flemish capucinsfrom 1930 on in favour of the beatification of Adrianus Willems (inreligion Georges van Geel). This capucin father was killed by villagersin the Congo Missions at the end of 1652 in unclear circumstances. FatherHildebrand, the historian of the capucins, promoted this beatificationand wrote two biographies and several articles on this martyr. Newdocuments, found in the archives of the capucin fathers in Antwerp andin those of the archdiocese of Malines, reveal the underlying purposes ofthe campain: to increase the prestige of the capucin missions in Congo;to !end support to the redemptorist missions in their struggle against theprotestant missions and the prophetic movements in Lower Congo, theregion where Georges van Geel died. The undertaking failed but had avery positive effect on the historiography of Congo and Angola from the16th to the 18th century.
De orbis Romanus en de linguïstische identiteit van Europa
Authors: Van Uytfanghe Marc
Published: March 2021

L'orbis Romanus a contribué à l'identité linguistique de l'Europe àplusieurs niveaux. D'abord au niveau de l'“infrastructure”, celle du latinparlé devenu, au fil des siècles de la “romanisation”, la langue maternellede la partie occidentale de l'empire. En Orient grec, son influence aété très restreinte, mais ailleurs, la Romania (au sens que les romanistesont donné à ce terme) dépassait le territoire des langues romanes actuelles(abstraction faite évidemment de la “Romania nouvelle” issue dela colonisation moderne). On songera par exemple au latin, puis romanbalkanique.Les Romains ont développé une dichotomie très prononcée entre le“bon” latin (classique) et le “mauvais” latin (vulgaire); le christianismel'a cependant atténuée. De toute façon, ce n'est que longtemps après ladisparition de l'empire d'Occident et après que d'autres familles linguistiques(germanique, slave, …) ont dessiné leurs contours, que le latinparlé s'est scindé, sans discontinuité par ailleurs, en plusieurs langues(ou groupes de parlers) plus ou moins autonomes. De la sorte, la consciencede la latinophonie, puis de la romanophonie a été graduellementsupplantée par des identités langagières plus spécifiques. Bien que leXIXe siècle ait connu la doctrine des “races latines”, la progression victorieusede l'anglais dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle n'a provoqué,dans les pays “latins”, qu'une réaction molle et vague.Ensuite au niveau de la “superstructure”, celle du latin médiéval réformépar les clercs carolingiens (et plus tard par les humanistes), lalangue savante de la respublica litterarum chrétienne dans Europeévangélisée par l'Église de Rome, y compris donc dans des régions nonromanes. Cette langue “paternelle” et supranationale s'accomodait delangues maternelles d'origine diverse (celtiques, germaniques, romanes- là l'affinité génétique a toujours subsisté -, slaves) et générait, pourl'élite, une identité linguistico-religieuse face à d'autres ensembles culturels(le monde orthodoxe, le monde arabe). Après la Renaissance, leslangues nationales ont progressivement ébréché la position de ce latinsavant.Ce dernier n'a toutefois jamais cessé d'alimenter les langues européennesd'une masse d'emprunts, de calques, de matières littéraires. S'ilest vrai que cet Eurolatein ne construit pas de nouvel orbis Romanus, ilne perpétue pas moins des disiecta membra de l'antique parler du Latium.
De autonomisering van de twintigste-eeuwse Amerikaanse literatuurgeschiedschrijving
Authors: Boyden Michael
Published: March 2021

This article offers an impetus to a semantic analysis of the discipline ofAmerican literary history from a systems theoretical perspective. The analysisis based on a representative selection of four literary histories in the field. Themain argument is chat these histories make use of a double legitimizationstrategy to authorize themselves as definitive reference works on Americanliterature. On the one hand, they significantly broaden the object of study asit has been demarcated in previous works. On the other, they plead for areconnection of the study of literature to its original social mission. The functionof this double strategy is to assert the autonomy of American literary history.
"The blindfold test"
Authors: Versieck Sabina
Published: March 2021

Is there a recognisable gender difference in the way men and women write?Is it possible to tell an author's gender from his or her prose? Or as E.M.Forster puts it: when you are reading a book can you teil instinctively whetherit is the work of a man or a woman? Virginia Woolf is concerned with thesequestions in (a.o.) A Room of One's Own; E.M. Forster writes about them inThe Feminine Note in Literature. Both Woolf's views and those of E.M.Forster on the difference between men's writing and women's writing and onsexual difference in general are examined and compared and put in a broadercontext.
Leesles
Authors: Ceuppens Jan
Published: March 2021

Die vorliegende Lektüre von W.G. Sebalds kurzem Prosatext La cour del 'ancienne école hat das Ziel, die Widersprüche nachzuweisen, die dannentstehen, wenn ein Text als Beispiel bzw. Vorbild benutzt wird. Einerseitsfordert der vorliegende Text dazu auf, ihn als Beispiel für "sebaldianisches"Schreiben zu lesen: Die komplexe lnteraktion zwischen Text und Bild (hiereine Zeichnung van Quint Buchholz), der archaisierende Stil, dieVerwendung subtiler intertextueller Anspielungen, das Motiv des Erinnernsund der Versuch, die Geschichte der durch den Menschen verursachtenZerstörungen in Bildern van Leere und durch Schweigen zu vermitteln,begegnen in Sebalds gröβeren Prosatexten tatsächlich auf Schritt und Tritt.Doch gerade der Dechiffrierungsprozess des Lesens, der eine Vermittlung vonBesonderem / Materiellem und Allgemeinem / Intelligiblem beinhaltet, wirdin La cour problematisiert. Diese Lektüre föhn letztendlich zu einer Aporieim Sinne Paul de Mans, die den Text als Allegorie der Unlesbarkeit erscheinenlässt.
Exaptatie en subjectificatie in de Nederlandse adverbiale morfologie
Authors: Van de Velde Freek
Published: March 2021

Dutch adverbialising suffixes -gewijs and -erwijs are alleged to stand incomplementary distribution in that the former attaches to nouns, whereasthe latter combines with adjectives. This article claims that this historicallymerely allomorphic pair of suffixes acquired another important distinction,of a syntactic nature, which has thus far been overlooked in the literature:whereas -gewijs derives predicate adverbs, -erwijs derives sentence adverbs.Occasional exceptions to this distinction can easily be predicted on morphologicalgrounds. The whole process is to be considered a typical instance ofsubjectification (see e.g. Stein & Wright 1995) and possibly of exaptation(Lass 1990) as well. Evidence is drawn from historical corpus inquiry.
Op zoek naar de canon
Authors: Van den Bossche Stefan
Published: March 2021

In Flanders there has been since approximacely 1990 a certain rise of literarybiographies. It has generally been accepted that the ideal biography is aquestion of finding the right dialogue between literature and science, andthat the value of the biography is determined, in good as well as in bad ways,by the talent of the biographer. Recent research on the literary canon wasespecially focused on the personal publications, the group-participation, possibleside-activicies in literary regions and the positive reception of the workof the subject. Nevertheless a large number of less-important writers hasinfluenced the perception of the literal history. The contemporary literarycanon is only of secondary importance to determinate the choice of the biographer.Especially admiration, identification and the will of rehabilitationstimulate him to write down a certain live-story.
Afrikaans en Nederlands
Authors: Stell Gerald
Published: March 2021

Back in the days of colonial South Africa, "Cape Dutch" used to refer collectivelyto the Dutch-based varieties typical of the Cape. The most formalversion of these registers was close, if not similar to European Dutch.Conversely, the least formal versions of these registers had a distincty localcharacter. The nationalist réveil of the late 19th century prompted the definitionof a new language to be called 'Afrikaans', i.e. truly local, truly SouthAfrican, and as such severed as much as possible from its Dutch connexion.Not as radical, the Afrikaans language activists from the period following thesecond Boer War (1899-1902) would rather endeavour to emphasize theAfrikaans linguistic identity within a Dutch context.The codification of Afrikaans has continuously been marked by the -sometimes conflicting - concerns of nurturing 'truly Afrikaans' linguistic features,while cultivating similarities with Dutch for the sake of distantiationfrom English. However, Afrikaans norms have recently tended to open up tolanguage reality for the sake of stylistic and ethnic representativity.