bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between Dai Co Viet in the Dinh and Early Le dynasties and the Song dynasty from 968 to 1009
Authors: Tran Thi Thai Ha
Published: April 2023

The article focuses on understanding and analyzing the diplomatic activities between Dai Co Viet under the Dinh, Tien Le dynasties, and the Song Dynasty, which are reflected in some ancient Vietnamese bibliographies and Song’s history of China. The article mainly uses the statistical method, and compares and contrasts the sources of ancient Vietnamese bibliographies and ancient Chinese bibliographies, with reference to some comments and assessments of previous works on the relationship between Dai Co Viet and the Song Dynasty. Considering two-way diplomatic events, placed in a specific historical context, is the basis for coming to an objective perception of the reciprocal position of each king of the Dinh and Former Le dynasties in the relationship between the two dynasties with the Song in order to establish peace and gain recognition from the Song Dynasty of the legal status of the head of the dynasty. The research results also clarify the flexibility, initiative, and appropriateness of the methods used by the Dinh and Tien Le dynasties to protect and strengthen their independence. To a certain extent, the research results contribute to clarifying the achievements of our country in the 10th century and the first decade of the 11th century from the perspective of relations with Northern feudalism.
Finding and using the talent recommendation under the Nguyen dynasty (1802 – 1884)
Authors: Nguyen Duy Phuong , Pham Dinh Duoc
Published: April 2023

In conclusion, talent recommendation was a policy commonly used by Vietnamese feudal dynasties, as well as the talent recruitment examinations; in order not to miss talented people who for some reason didn’t take the exams and led a secluded life. During the Nguyen Dynasty, this policy was used quite effectively by which many talented people to be named as Nguyen DangTuan, Than Van Quyen, Phan Huy Chu, and Nguyen Tri Phuong were recommended. This policy with its advantages and drawbacks will open up useful experiences for current staff management.
Assessment of change in green space of Moc Chau district, Son La Province in the period 2005 – 2021 using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Authors: Duong Thi Loi
Published: April 2023

Green space is an integral part of ecotourism, it is also an important indicator f sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to assess the change in green space quality using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the period 2005 - 2021 in Moc Chau district, Son La. Four satellite images including 2 Landsat 5 images and 2 Landsat 8 images taken in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2021 are used to determine the NDVI value. The green space map is then classified into four classes based on the corresponding value ranges, namely, areas with non-green, low green, moderate green, and dense green. The results show a rapid decrease in areas with dense green while non-green areas and low green areas tend to increase rapidly in the past 16 years (2005 - 2021). This result is considered an important basis in the management and planning of sustainable development in the study area.
Influence of TikTok social network on generation Z
Authors: Phan Lan Chi , Nguyen Quang Anh , Ma Anh Tu , Bui Thi Thu Huyen
Published: April 2023

This study aims to look into the influence of TikTok social network usage behavior on generation Z in three areas including learning, communication and personal development. A total of 1,015 students in grades 7, 8, 10 and 11 from middle and high schools in the North, Central and South regions took part in the current study. The main tool used was a questionnaire designed by the research team with 50 items with reliability Cronbach's Alpha = 0,83. Research results illustrated that Gen Z used TikTok for 3 main purposes such as entertainment, learning and emotional relief. The behavior of using TikTok had both positive and negative impacts on their perception, attitude and behavior in the fields of learning, communication and selfdevelopment. Nevertheless, TikTok had more positive effects than negative ones, in which selfdevelopment was the most positively influenced aspect. The outcomes highlighted the reality of TikTok usage behavior of Gen Z as well as the influence of this social network on children's mentality in the current context. Contributions, limitations and directions for future research are also discussed in this study.
Building a model of safe, friendly, and inclusive school for disadvantaged students
Authors: Ha Thi Thu
Published: April 2023

Building a model of a safe, friendly, and inclusive school for disadvantaged students is the new and holistic approach of several safe and happy school models towards ensuring the student’s well-being... The model of a safe, friendly, and inclusive school for disadvantaged students includes counseling, psychological counseling, and social work activities to support disadvantaged students. This paper aims to analyze and explains the concept and content of this model as well as the legal basis system then propose solutions to build a safe, friendly and inclusive school model for disadvantaged students.
Pharmaceutical organic chemistry: Actual teaching aesthetics
Authors: Nerkar Amit Gajanan
Published: April 2023

The most difficult subject for students of Pharmacy or Pharmaceutical Sciences undergraduates and postgraduates is Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry. The professor teaching this subject should be well versed with basic concepts of the Organic Chemistry belonging to the specialization of Chemical Sciences. The Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry specialization has vast scope, and the teaching professor needs to clear the basics concepts of the subject. In this connection the actual teaching aesthetics of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry (POC) has been described. The review is an attempt to summarize the importance of the POC and make aware the teachers of Indian and Foreign Universities for the new direction and aesthetics of the teaching of the same.
Study to investigate prevalence of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults in type 2 diabetes patients and evaluate characteristics of patients with LADA
Authors: Byndoor Yatish , Sagar Tamilisetti Vidya
Published: April 2023

To study prevalence of LADA in type2 diabetes patients and evaluate characteristics of patients with LADA.

This is cross-sectional observational study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India; once consultation by physician was over, diabetic patients were screened for study criteria; written informed consent was taken from all participants, who fulfilled study criteria. A written permission has been obtained from Institutional Ethics Committee for the conduct of the study, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus having age of onset of diabetes greater than 35 years and duration of type 2 diabetes less than 3 years are included in the study and subjects who are requiring insulin within 6 months after diagnosis of diabetes are excluded from the study. Radioimmunoassay is used for detection of auto antibodies to GAD65. LADA is diagnosed by presence of autoantibodies to GAD65. Other laboratory indices done are C-peptide assay, HbA1c, anti-TPO antibodies and lipid profile. Prevalence is calculated for auto antibody positive subjects and characteristics of patients are determined by age, gender, BMI and other laboratory indices.

Out of 100 type 2 diabetes patients included in the study, 30 were diagnosed with LADA. Among these 30 patients with LADA, 84% patients were between 35-50 years of age and 16% were above 50 years of age and 60% were males and 40% were females. 100 % of LADA patients have BMI less than 30, HbA1c greater than 8 is seen among almost all patients of LADA and low c-peptide levels is recorded in all patients with LADA. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies are seen in 93% of patients diagnosed with LADA.

Our study established LADA prevalence of 30% among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and has shown role of GAD auto antibody in screening for LADA and also tried to evaluate association of age, BMI, higher HbA1c and other autoimmune diseases with LADA. This study helps us in recommending criteria for diagnosis of LADA, screen relatives of LADA patients for immune and metabolic markers to identify high risk individuals.
Ethnopharmacological review of arjuna
Authors: Nerkar Amit Gajanan , Dumbre Rahul K. , Badar Shubhangi
Published: April 2023

The use of herbal medicines alone or in combination is increasing in human health care. Medicinal plants may be an important source of previously unknown chemicals with potential therapeutic effects. Terminalia arjuna bark is commonly known as Arjuna or Arjun bark and is abundant throughout India. This plant contains 15% tannins, triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, calcium, aluminium and magnesium salts as well as colorants and sugars which are other components of Arjun. The Terminalia arjuna plant has many therapeutic properties and is capable of treating many ailments, especially heart and circulatory system diseases. This plant is an excellent means of lipid-lowering, anticoagulant, antihypertensive, antiviral, antithrombotic, antifungal and antibacterial. The plant's therapeutic properties related to heart health are due to the triterpenoids enclosed by the arjuna plant. Likewise, the flavonoids and tannins naturally present in this herb have anti-cancer properties. This review provides a key overview of the therapeutic profile, traditional uses, phytochemistry and across different plant parts.
Lichen planus – A refractory autoimmune disorder
Authors: Chaudhry Sunil , Manmohan G . , Yadav K Aishwarya , Madhulika G
Published: April 2023

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of unknown aetiology with an estimated incidence of 0.5%–4.0% having a female preponderance at a ratio of 1.5:1. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is commoner than the cutaneous form and tends to be more persistent and more refractory to the treatment. The prevalence of oral lichen planus in Indian population is around 3% with more female predilection. Oral lesions occur in 50%–70% of the patients with lichen planus. LP is considered to be a T-cell-mediated autoimmune skin disease, in which CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes are major mediators. TNF-α and IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-4, and IL-8, have been suggested to have an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP. The complications of Lichen Planus include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, scarring alopecia, dyspareunia, oesophageal stenosis & possible malignant transformation. Mucocutaneous site biopsy can confirm the diagnosis when taken from the edge of a plaque. There is no cure for Lichen Planus, the management is often performed with the use of antihistamines, corticosteroids, retinoids, immunomodulators, phototherapy and immunosuppressives. Inconsistent results are shown by griseofulvin and chloroquine derivatives. (further prospective studies are needed).
Estilo de Aprendizagem de Alunos de um Curso de Licenciatura na Modalidade a Distância Diante do "Novo Normal"
Authors: Chagas Anayara Fernandes , Malveira Samuel David Capistrano , Araújo Mayara Setúbal Oliveira , Pantoja Lydia Dayanne Maia , Paixão Germana Costa
Published: April 2023

O estilo de aprendizagem está intimamente relacionado à maneira pela qual cada um exerce interação com as condições do ensino e esse caráter pode ser alterado de pessoa a pessoa. Em cursos de graduação a distância o estudo do estilo de aprendizagem recebe evidente visibilidade, pois transmite que o processo de aprender é algo cíclico e consecutivo, onde a pessoa pode ser observada pelo agir, refletir, conceitualizar e aplicar um determinado assunto ou ação proposta a ele. Diante dos quatro estilos de aprendizagem segundo Kolb, prevaleceu o estilo acomodador perante o questionário aplicado aos 47 alunos de um curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas na modalidade a distância e que contemplou o perfil sociodemográfico, formação e autoavaliação no curso e estilo de aprendizagem. O estilo prevalente corresponde com as circunstâncias imediatistas, age e sente ao aprender, correspondendo com o ser prático, vivencial, criativo para uma maior mudança e/ou melhoramento no ambiente em que vivencia. Com isso, é viável refletir sobre o conceito de identificar o estilo de aprendizagem dos alunos, pois os professores tendo conhecimento do seu público e verificando o recebimento e a aprendizagem daquilo que é proposto, tendem a ter eficácia no processo.

Palavras-chave: Estilos de aprendizagem. Andragogia. Educação a distância.
GNAWA: SPIRITUAL SOUNDS OF HEALING SLAVERY, RITUALS, MUSIC
Authors: Madili Meryem
Published: April 2023

Morocco is known for its cultural and ethnic diversity. In this writing, I would like to shed light on a mystical ethnic group in Morocco that baffled many people from all over the globe; descendants of slaves who traced their origin to Sub-Saharan countries (Mali, Guinea, Ghana, Senegal, Niger). It also refers to a spiritual type of music that can be used as a method of healing with special rituals.
SYMBOLIC FIELD OF THE MEMORY SPACE IN THE BUDAPEST CHINESE-HUNGARIAN BILINGUAL SCHOOL
Authors: Meng Liu
Published: April 2023

The current paper is based on a research which was carried out in the public Chinese-Hungarian bilingual school in the 15th district of Budapest. The bilingual school transmits cultural memory by organizing activities such as traditional Chinese festivals and rituals and integrating practices. The main objective of the paper is to present and to interpret the Festive ritual elements and those kinds of rituals that constitute the school’s symbolic field of memory
DONKEY DIED, THE SNAKE (ALMOST) SURVIVED KUWAITI FOLKTALES, WHAT HAPPENED TO HEMARAT AL GHAYLA AND NESÓP?
Authors: Németh Kinga
Published: April 2023

The current paper is based on the conception that Kuwaiti people are forgetting their stories and it is largely down to the fact that the new generation of Kuwait hardly remember the fictional figures of the Tantal, Al Seolu, Sehaila Um Al­Khalajeen, Um Al­Sa’af Wa­Alleef, Al­Duaidea, Bu Darya, which is mainly due to historical and social background. The article intends to dwell on these types of stories and their meaning, focusing on the moral context, as well.
Factors affecting the use of accounting and finance technology during the pandemic crisis
Authors: Salin Ahmad Saiful Azlin Puteh , Hasan Haslinawati Che , Kamarudin Nik Nurul Aswani Nik , Mad Salina
Published: April 2023

The recent COVID-19 pandemic, which led to lockdowns and new working norms, has influenced business and accounting transactions in significant ways. This phenomenon and its longer-term impacts are still under-researched and remain unexplored in emerging countries, particularly Malaysia. Therefore, the current study intended to determine the actions taken by Malaysian organizations, specifically in their accounting and finance functions, in response to the COVID-19 crisis. Online survey questionnaires were distributed to collect data. The questionnaires comprised several sections, including demographic information of the respondents and factors affecting users’ intentions to use technology for accounting and finance functions in the face of the COVID-19 crisis. This research adopted the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model as a theoretical basis from which to evaluate the research objectives. The findings showed that only performance expectancy is related to user intention, while other factors, such as effort, attitude, social influence, self-efficacy, and anxiety, display the opposite effect. This empirical study suggests that accounting and finance functions in Malaysia still lag behind in terms of the technology used by employees. In addition, organizations, particularly government departments, are not ready to adopt a fully integrated scientific accounting and finance system.
Establishment of Covid-19 Hospital-Based Registry in a Referral Hospital Through the World Health Organization Platform
Authors: Esfandiari Atefeh , Amiri Batool , Kiani Jamileh , Salari Hedayat
Published: April 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
The Effect of Four Melhem's Empowerment Factors on the Empowerment of Staff in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Authors: Ghaseminejad raeini Manochehr , Lakbala Parvin
Published: April 2023

Background: The only sustainable competitive advantage of organizations is their employees. Capable and efficient manpower are the most important assets of organizations and communities. This will lead to sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of empowerment through four factors of ability (knowledge and skills, trust, motivation and communication) among the staff of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in 2017.The statistical population consisted of 485 staff members of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. 215 people were selected by random sampling method. Then, the authors selected samples from each job category through stratified sampling method. To collect information, the authors used a standard empowerment questionnaire based on Melhem's model in addition to the demographic section. After distributing the questionnaire; t-student test and Spearman correlation were used to determine the status of research variables and also the type and extent of the relationship between them.
Results: According to the results of t-student test, the average of all variables was more than 3 indicating the appropriate status of employees' capabilities. Moreover, the results of Spearman correlation test showed that the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables in this test was significant. All research hypotheses (main hypothesis and four sub-hypotheses) were confirmed. The results of the correlation coefficient of the relationship between knowledge and skill variables with empowerment showed a moderate intensity, while the correlation coefficient of the relationship between the variables of motivation, trust and communication with empowerment showed a low intensity.
Conclusion: Due to the appropriate status of employees' empowerment, long-term empowerment programs are proposed to enhance employees' empowerment further.
A situational Analysis of the Legal Framework of Public Hospital Governance in Malawi
Authors: Lipunga Andrew Munthopa
Published: April 2023

Background: Sound organizational governance is critical to the health sector. The condition of the legal framework that is in place, plays a key role in institutionalizing sound governance. The present paper examines the condition of the legal framework that facilitates the implementation of robust public hospital governance in Malawi.
Methods: The paper employed document analysis utilizing Clarke’s situational thinking to examine the legal framework pertaining to the governance of central and district hospitals.
Results: The findings suggest that the current legal framework does not prescribe a specific organizational governance system for central and district hospitals. Governance of the hospitals relies on the governance framework of their parent entities, namely the Ministry of Health and District Councils respectively. This setup presents serious challenges that include undermining the uniqueness of the hospital governance system and obscuring the organizational visibility of public hospitals. Consequently, it has detrimental effects on the implementation of sound organizational governance principles including responsibility, transparency, and accountability.
Conclusion: The paper demonstrates the need for policymakers to examine the condition of the specific elements of the legal framework in order to identify those areas that require attention toward reforming the state of organizational governance of the public hospitals under study.
Spatial Accessibility to Primary Healthcare Facilities in Iran: A GIS-Based Approach
Authors: Safi Elham , Amirfakhriyan Mostafa , Ameri Hosein , Zare Hossein , Ranjbar Mohammad , Assefa Yibeltal
Published: April 2023

Background: Primary healthcare facilities are essential to provide healthcare to individuals and the society closer to home. Fast, timely, and affordable access to these centers is important in each society. This is especially crucial to prevent and control the epidemics of non-communicable diseases that are highly affecting populations in urban settings. This study aimed to assess spatial accessibility to primary healthcare facilities in Yazd city (Iran), using a Geographic Information System (GIS).
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, which was conducted cross-sectionally in 2022, locational information related to primary healthcare centers, population distribution, and urban zoning of Yazd city were collected and recorded in Excel format. Then, distribution maps of each of the studied uses were determined. Then, the existing indicators and standards regarding the uses were determined through documentary studies, and a geographic database was formed through the GIS software collection. Data were analyzed using indicators and models such as hot spot analysis, Thiessen's polygons algorithm, access model based on the two-step floating catchment area, and the average distance model of the nearest neighbor.
Results: The results indicated that the comprehensive health centers in Yazd city are located next to each other with a scattered distribution pattern, and are away from each other by an average distance of 1131 meters. Also, the distance of urban health posts from each other is 1045 meters on average, and are randomly located next to each other. The main concentration of the distribution of primary health care facilities is observed in the central and traditional regions of the city, which, according to the hot spot analysis, are among the cold and low population density spots. In addition, the access score of the regions indicates that the distribution of these facilities is not according to the population density, and the highest functional pressure of comprehensive health centers as well as urban health posts is observed in the regions where there is the least access to these facilities.
Conclusion: There is a disparity between the distribution of primary healthcare facilities and population density in Yazd city, Iran. This study provides significant evidence to local health policymakers and urban planners to design more efficient actions related to equal development of health infrastructure by using the GIS.
Evaluation of the Consequences and Costs of the Anglo-American System in the Pre-Hospital Emergency Department of Yazd in 2018
Authors: Pakdaman Mohsen , Askari Roohollah , Dehghan Ahmad , Pahlavanpoor Saeedreza , Nikafshan Alireza
Published: April 2023

Background: One of the most important tasks of health care managers is  allocateing resources, controling them and ensuring their effective use when available. This study examines the consequences and costs of emergency services in Yazd in 2018.
Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study performed on patients of 11 centers in Yazd in 2018. The population of the city  was approximately 750,000  in 2018 (1). Direct and indirect costs were extracted, and the consequences and costs of Yazd emergency in 2018 were calculated in riyal and Dollars.
Results: This study showed that in 2018, out of 173154 contacts, 37988 cases led to the dispatch of an ambulance, and the response rate was 18 %. The rate of hospitalization was 52 %. The average time of dispatch in  Yazd pre-hospital emergency department was (10:48) in 2018. Of the 59 high-risk patients who were transported to Yazd's pre-hospital emergency in 2018, 5 patients had successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation(discharge from the hospital). In other words, effectiveness and saving people from death was 8.4 %. Depreciation costs in the pre-hospital emergency department of Yazd in 2018 amounted to 65,061 Dollars (9,759,264,923 Rial). The cost of personnel salaries and benefits was 39669829 Dollars ( 59504743663 Rial). This amount was about 40 % of the total cost of the year for pre-hospital emergency in Yazd city. The average cost of each mission-dispatch was 25 Dollars (3775967 Rial).
Conclusion: This study examines the consequences and costs of per hospital emergency department in Yazd in 2018. The high number of unnecessary calls to Yazd emergency department calls for the need to raise public awareness. Moreover, the lack of need to transfer half of these people to hospital requires training and retraining of telephone triage nurses.
The Relationship Between Leadership Style and Organizational Entrepreneurship in the Staff Managers of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Fadaei Dehcheshmeh Nayeb
Published: April 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Role of laboratory markers in identifying the severity of acute appendicitis in geriatric patients
Authors: ARICI Sinan , ADALI Mert , EROL Mehmet Fatih , ŞEN Süleyman , BÜYÜKAVCI Hüseyin , TİHAN Deniz
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The main aim of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of laboratory markers in geriatric patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis in the emergency department.
Methods: A total of 73 cases aged over 65 who underwent appendectomy were reviewed retrospectively. Age, sex, laboratory values of leukocyte count, neutrophil and lymphocyte values, platelets, serum sodium, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum total bilirubin levels and pathological findings were investigated. The patients were divided into two different groups according to the pathology reports of appendicitis: complicated appendicitis (gangrenous/perforated appendicitis) (Group 1) and simple (uncomplicated) appendicitis (catarrhal or phlegmonous appendicitis) (Group 2).
Results: A significant difference was found between Groups 1 and 2 concerning age, WBC, CRP, neutrophil, leukocyte, total bilirubin levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NPR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio.(PLR) No statistically significant differences were found for platelets, Na, AST and ALT levels.
Conclusions: Elderly patients with complicated appendicitis often presented with higher WBC, CRP, total bilirubin, neutrophil, NLR and PLR levels, and lower lymphocyte levels. Moreover, these parameters are adjunctive data with a lower cost, easily available, and rapid markers which can be obtained in the emergency department.
Las ruinas de Moche : Origen, relevancia y vigencia
Authors: Kaulicke Peter
Published: April 2023

Hace 110 años, el Departamento de Arqueología de la Universidad de Pensilvania publicó la obra Pachacamac, Report of the William Pepper, M.D., LL.D., Peruvian Expedition of 1896 (Uhle, 1903)1 . El poco ostentoso título de este libro encubre un aporte fundamental a la arqueología del Perú. En 103 páginas de texto con 122 dibujos insertados y 21 láminas con fotos del material excavado y de la arquitectura, su autor, el doctor Max Uhle (1842-1944)2 presenta la primera monografía de un sitio transcendental para la historia del enfrentamiento entre incas y europeos, y de reconocida fama como oráculo suprarregional entre los incas.
Race and Remdesivir: Examination of Clinical Outcomes in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Cohort in New York City
Authors: Mgbako Ofole , Mehta Monica , Dietz Donald , Neidell Matthew J. , Huang Simian (Esther) , Zucker Jason , Shoucri Sherif , Kubin Christine J. , Castor Delivette
Published: April 2023

Objective

To compare clinical characteristics and examine in-hospital length of stay (LOS) differences for COVID-19 patients who received remdesivir, by race or ethnicity.

Design

Retrospective descriptive analysis comparing cumulative LOS as a proxy of recovery time.

Setting

A large academic medical center serving a minoritized community in Northern Manhattan, New York City.

Participants

Inpatients (N=1024) who received remdesivir from March 30, 2020–April 20, 2021.

Methods

We conducted descriptive analyses among patients who received remdesivir. Patients were described by proxies of social determinants of health (SDOH): race and ethnicity, residence, insurance coverage, and clinical characteristics. We calculated median hospital LOS as the cumulative incidence of hospitalized patients who were discharged alive, and tested differences between groups by using the Gray test. Patients who died or were discharged to hospice were censored at 29 days.

Main Outcome Measures

The primary outcome was hospital LOS. The secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality.

Results

Median LOS was 11.9 days (95% CI, 10.8-13.2) overall, with Black patients having the shortest (10.0 days, 95% CI, 8.0-13.2) and Asian patients having the longest (16.2 days, 95% CI, 8.3-27.2) LOS. A total of 214 patients (21%) died or were discharged to hospice, ranging from 16.5% to 23.7% of patients who identified as Black and Other (multiracial, biracial, declined), respectively.

Conclusions

COVID-19 has disproportionately burdened communities of color. We observed no difference in median LOS between racial or ethnic groups, which supports the notion that the heterogeneous effect of remdesivir in the literature may be explained in part by underrecruitment or participation of Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients in clinical trials.
Pelaksanaan Kolaborasi dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Tembokrejo Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Farah Muhammad Arja , Anwar Anwar , Makmur M Hadi
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pelaksanaan kolaborasi dalam pengelolaan sampah di Desa Tembokrejo Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Tujuan dari kolaborasi ini adalah menyediakan sistem dan model pengelolaan sampah dan menanggulangi pencemaran. Maka dari itu fokus penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa pelaksanaan kolaborasi pengelolaan sampah di Desa Tembokrejo Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, keabsahan data yang didapat diperikasa dengan teknik triangulasi. Berdasrkan hasil dan analisis data yang telah terkumpul dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan kolaborasi ada beberapa tahap pertama perencanaan  tata kelola dan pembuatan kebijakan terkait pengelolaan sampah. kedua sosialisasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat desa Tembokrejo terkait dengan pengelolaan sampah. ketiga yaitu pengumpulan, dengan mengambil sampah keempat pengolahan di TPST 3R, sampah yang dikumpulkan dari rumah warga lalu diolah.
Wybrane aspekty funkcjonowania monitoringu wizyjnego w świetle regulacji dotyczących szkół i innych placówek oświatowych
Authors: Radziszewski Tomasz
Published: April 2023

Opracowanie porusza tematykę funkcjonowania nadzoru wizyjnego na gruncie krajowego porządku prawnego, a w szczególności jego silnej fragmentacji, która jest jednym z głównych problemów związanych z jego funkcjonowaniem. W pracy pojawia się teza, że sfragmentowany zakres normowań stanowi znaczne utrudnienie dla podmiotów wykorzystujących ten środek ochrony, ale co ważniejsze, nie tworzy spójnej całości, pozostawiając w pewnym zakresie nieuregulowanymi między innymi kwestię ochrony praw osób, których wizerunki są obserwowane, rejestrowane lub przetwarzane w sposób umożliwiający identyfikację ich tożsamości, w tym osób przebywających w otwartej i zamkniętej przestrzeni przeznaczonej do użytku publicznego, a także zagadnienie obowiązków administratora monitoringu wykorzystywanego w celach prywatnych, w ramach którego monitorowaniu podlega otwarta przestrzeń publiczna.

Praca na podstawie węzłowej analizy regulacji związanych z funkcjonowaniem monitoringu wizyjnego w szkołach i innych placówkach oświatowych może dać asumpt do dalszych rozważań na temat komplementarności porządku prawnego związanego ze stosowaniem nadzoru wizyjnego do możliwości tych podmiotów, kształtowanych na drodze szybkiego rozwoju technologii informacyjnych.
Prewencyjny monitoring trzeźwości pracowników. Zarys problematyki
Authors: Wasiak Dariusz
Published: April 2023

Jak wskazuje projektodawca ustawy z dnia 7 czerwca 2022 roku o zmianie ustawy — Kodeks pracy oraz niektórych innych ustaw, podstawowym celem podjęcia próby zmodyfikowania obecnego systemu prawa pracy, jak i jego pochodnych (w szczególności w zakresie wykonywania umów innych niż w oparciu o prawo pracy) była potrzeba stworzenia podstaw prawnych dla pracodawcy do wprowadzenia i przeprowadzania przez niego prewencyjnej kontroli pracowników na obecność alkoholu lub środków działających podobnie do alkoholu w ich organizmach. Mowa tu o prewencji, która rozciąga się również na możliwość rozszerzenia zakresu monitorowania prywatnych zachowań pracowników, w tym wykonujących zadania w ramach umowy zlecenia lub o dzieło, w sferze objętej regulacją ustawy z dnia 26 października 1982 roku o wychowaniu w trzeźwości i przeciwdziałaniu alkoholizmowi. Dlatego też nowe uprawnienie może być realizowane wyłącznie po uprzednim wykazaniu przez pracodawcę niezbędności takich działań oraz zapewnieniu skutecznej ochrony określonym dobrom, jak i po efektywnym dopełnieniu obowiązków informacyjnych w tym zakresie. Realizacja danych uprawnień nie może bowiem w żadnym razie rodzić jakichkolwiek naruszeń godności oraz innych dóbr osobistych poddanego kontroli pracownika (w szerokim ujęciu), w tym również jego prawa na gruncie regulacji ochrony danych osobowych.
Dopuszczalność przetwarzania danych biometrycznych przez pracodawców — ujęcie modelowe i praktyczne
Authors: Wygoda Krzysztof
Published: April 2023

Artykuł jest próbą wskazania rozwiązań, które powinny być stosowane w ramach podejmowania przez pracodawców decyzji o przetwarzaniu danych biometrycznych. Łączenie przetwarzania danych biometrycznych z prowadzeniem monitoringu jest, na gruncie rozwiązań wynikających z RODO i prawa krajowego, niezwykle skomplikowane. Spełnienie wszystkich warunków koniecznych do legalizacji takiego procesu przetwarzania danych jest, przynajmniej co do zasady, możliwe jedynie w bardzo ograniczonej liczbie przypadków i każdorazowo wymaga indywidualnej analizy dopuszczalności. W orzecznictwie sądowym od niedawna podejmuje się próby reinterpretacji wcześniejszego, niezwykle restrykcyjnego podejścia do przetwarzania danych biometrycznych.
Effect of Work-Life Balance and Person-Organization Fit on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Organizational Commitment on Employees of PT. Baba Rafi Indonesia
Authors: Andrianto Mohammad Arif , Palupi Majang
Published: April 2023

Background: Well-managed human resources can be a competitive advantage for organizations. The step to creating competitive resources is organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational citizenship behavior can be obtained for every organization if employees have organizational commitment which is influenced by work-life balance and person-organization fit.
Objective: This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of work-life balance and person-organization fit on organizational citizenship behavior through organizational commitment.
Method: The research was conducted on employees of PT. Baba Rafi Indonesia located in Sidoarjo, East Java, and the Special Capital Region of Jakarta with a sample of 108 respondents. The analytical tool used is the Partial Least Square (PLS) quantitative method.
Results: The results showed that: (1) work-life balance has a significant positive effect on organizational commitment; (2) person-organization fit has a significant positive effect on organizational commitment; (3) work-life balance has a significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior; (4) person-organization fit has a significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior; (5) organizational commitment has a significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior; (6) work-life balance has a significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior through organizational commitment; and (7) person-organization fit has a significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior through an organizational commitment to employees of PT. Baba Rafi Indonesia.
Conclusion: Work-life balance and person-organization fit affect organizational citizenship behavior through an organizational commitment to employees of PT. Baba Rafi Indonesia.
Keywords: organizational citizenship behavior; organizational commitment; person-organization fit; work-life balance
A Principles – Based Assessment of The Quality of Zimbabwe’s Direct Tax Policy for The Digital Economy
Authors: Ndhlovu Jeffry Tatendashe
Published: April 2023

Background: In 1998, under the Ottawa framework, the OECD and non-OECD countries agreed that any new taxation rules should adhere to the guiding principles, namely Neutrality, efficiency, certainty and simplicity, effectiveness, fairness flexibility (Cockfield, 2006). In the absence of an international consensus-based – taxation framework for the digital economy, a question arises on whether unilateral measures adopted by countries such as Zimbabwe comply with the principles of a good tax policy.
Objective: The study aimed to examine the quality of Zimbabwe's direct tax policy for the economy based on the principles of a good tax policy prescribed by the Organisation for Economic Cooperations and Development (OECD).
Method: The study was carried out under a pragmatic philosophical view and adopted a quantitative cross-sectional survey as the research design. Data collection was done using closed-ended questionnaires. The study population comprised 250 tax experts drawn from the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) representing tax administrators and private sector tax practitioners representing the taxpayers. Quantitative data was collected from a sample of 146 respondents. Systematic random sampling was used to select the respondents. Chi-squared test was used to analyze the data in SPSS.
Results: The study revealed that among the overarching principles of a good tax policy, namely (1) Fairness; (2) Certainty and Simplicity; (3) Neutrality; (4) Efficiency, and (5) Effectiveness, Zimbabwe's tax policy for the digital economy only complies with the principles of Fairness, Certainty and Simplicity.
Conclusion: The study established that, to a greater extent, Zimbabwe's tax policy for the digital economy needs to comply with the principles of a good tax policy. 
Keywords: digital economy; OECD, principles; taxation; Zimbabwe
The Imaginary Universe
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon
Published: April 2023

Imaginary dimensions in physics require an imaginary set of base Planck units and some negative parameter $c_n$ corresponding to the speed of light in vacuum $c$. The second, negative fine-structure constant $\alpha_2^{-1} \approx -140.178$ is present in Fresnel coefficients for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation on monolayer graphene, leading to these imaginary Planck units, and it establishes $c_n \approx -3.06 \times 10^8~\text{[m/s]}$. It follows that electric charges are the same in real and imaginary dimensions. We model neutron stars and white dwarfs, emitting perfect black-body radiation, as objects having energy exceeding their mass-energy equivalence ratios. We define complex energies in terms of real and imaginary Planck units. Their imaginary parts, inaccessible for direct observation, store the excess of these energies. It follows that black holes are fundamentally uncharged, charged micro neutron stars and white dwarfs with masses lower than $5.7275 \times 10^{-10}~[\text{kg}]$ are inaccessible for direct observation, and the radii of white dwarfs' cores are limited to $R_{\text{WD}} < 6.7933~G M_{\text{WD}}/c^2$. It is conjectured that the maximum atomic number $Z=238$. A black-body object is in the equilibrium of complex energies of masses, charges, and photons if its radius $R_\text{eq} \approx 2.7665~G M_{\text{BBO}}/c^2$, which corrects the value of the photon sphere radius $R_{\text{ps}}=3G M/c^2$, by taking into account the value(s) of the fine-structure constant(s), which is otherwise neglected in general relativity. Complex Newton’s law of universal gravitation, based on complex energies, leads to the black-body object's surface gravity and the generalized Hawking radiation temperature, which includes its charge. The proposed model explains the registered (GWOSC) high masses of neutron stars' mergers without resorting to any hypothetical types of exotic stellar objects.
Deep Learning Neural Network Performance on NDT Digital X-ray Radiography Images: Analyzing the Impact of Image Quality Parameters - An Experimental Study
Authors: Hena Bata , Wei Ziang , Castanedo Clemente Ibarra , Maldague Xavier
Published: April 2023

In response to the growing inspection demand exerted by process automation in component manufacturing, Non-destructive testing (NDT) continues to explore automated approaches that utilize deep learning algorithms for defect identification, including within digital X-ray radiography images. This necessitates a thorough understanding of the implication of image quality parameters on the performance of these deep learning models. This study investigates the influence of two image quality parameters, namely Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR), on the performance of U-net deep learning segmentation model. Input images were acquired with varying combinations of exposure factors such as kilovoltage, milli-ampere, and exposure time, which altered the resultant quality. The data was sorted into 5 different datasets according to their measured SNR and CNR values. The deep learning model was trained 5 distinct times, utilizing a unique dataset for each training session. Training the model with high CNR values yielded an intersection over Union (IoU) metric of 0.9594 on test data of the same category but drops to 0.5875 when tested on lower CNR test data. The result in this study emphasizes the importance of achieving a balance in training dataset according to the investigated quality parameters, to enhance the performance of deep learning segmentation models in NDT radiography applications.
Diálogos, partilhas e aprendizagens: A formação do professor gestor nas rodas de conversas
Authors: Paschoalino Jussara Bueno de Queiroz , Croce Marta Lucia , Queiroz Virgínia Coeli Bueno de
Published: April 2023

Este texto destaca a experiência Rodas de Conversas, do Projeto de Extensão “Professor-Gestor: a formação do professor”, vinculado ao Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Professor Gestor (GPPG)/CNPq), da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Trata-se de uma proposta metodológica de comunicação, lócus de diálogo, estudos e trocas de experiências entre profissionais do ensino superior e da educação básica, envolvidos em atividades de gestão educacional e de gestão escolar. As Rodas de Conversas tiveram início em 2019, de forma presencial, passando ao modelo remoto no início de 2020, em virtude da pandemia de Covid-19, retornando ao formato híbrido em agosto de 2022, quando foram desenvolvidas 38 Rodas de Conversas. Na conjuntura de isolamento, a realização se deu por meio da utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) e possibilitou tecer parcerias interinstitucionais com quatro universidades brasileiras, três universidades portuguesas e uma espanhola, ampliando a participação de estudantes, professores e gestores da educação básica. As Rodas de Conversas estabeleceram um espaço de diálogo, de troca de ideias e de práticas cotidianas. Avalia-se que as realizações delas impulsionam a partilha de ideias, práticas pedagógicas, planejamento, organização e gestão das instituições. O espaço dialógico tem contribuído para a coleta de dados empíricos sobre a gestão educacional e a gestão escolar. Além disso, é fundamental para a formação dos profissionais da educação, a partilha de ideias, de saberes e de sentimentos, e para o esclarecimento de dúvidas na busca de soluções para os processos relacionais e educacionais.
Educação domiciliar no brasil: Uma política pública na contramão do direito à educação democrática
Authors: Constant Elaine , Melo Sandra Cordeiro de , Conceição Jefferson Willian Silva da
Published: April 2023

Analisamos as ameaças dos movimentos “conservadores” materializadas na aprovação pela Câmara dos Deputados, do Projeto de Lei 3.179, de 08 de fevereiro de 2012, que dispõe sobre a possibilidade de oferta domiciliar da Educação Básica. Com isso, permite que pais, mãe e/ou tutores e tutoras legais eduquem crianças em casa, sem que isso configure crime de abandono intelectual. Constatou-se que a onda conservadora proeminente, a partir de 2014, se baseia na ideia de desqualificar o pensamento freiriano, intervindo na perspectiva pedagógica e curricular advinda da luta dos movimentos sociais. Ademais, investigamos as bases documentais do Ministério da Educação, como a cartilha “Educação Domiciliar: um direito humano tanto dos pais quanto dos filhos”, que apresenta o homeschooling como uma modalidade de ensino dirigido pelos pais visando o pleno desenvolvimento da pessoa, seu preparo para a vida, exercício da cidadania e a qualificação para o trabalho. Assim, recorremos às manifestações de entidades educacionais brasileiras comprometidas com uma educação pública, laica, crítica, reflexiva e inclusiva para ratificar como os “conservadores” vêm, insistentemente, retirando direitos sociais por meio de suas ações junto às políticas educacionais. Por fim, reforçamos que a proposta fere o direito constitucional de educação, quando se concede aos pais, leigos, a tarefa de educar seus filhos em casa e, com isso, retirar do Estado a obrigação de uma educação democrática para crianças e jovens.
PROTEIN CONTENT AND COLOR OF GREEN MACROALGAE Ulva lactuca (L.) ON SOAKING TIME AND DRYING METHOD
Authors: Sefrienda Ardiba Rakhmi , Novianty Hilda , Jasmadi Jasmadi , Suryaningtyas Indyaswan Tegar , Poeloengasih Crescentiana Dewi , Kumayanjati Bayu , Permadi Sandi , Setyono Dwi Eny Djoko
Published: April 2023

The green macroalgae Ulva lactuca (L.) is a potential alternative protein source. This study investigates the effect of soaking and different drying methods on the protein and color quality of U. lactuca. Moisture and ash content, color, and protein content, i.e., crude protein, in vitro protein digestibility, and protein solubility of the seaweed were determined. In its conduct, fresh U. lactuca was soaked in fresh water for various soaking times (0, 1, 2, and 3 h). Soaking U. lactuca with the highest protein digestibility was selected for further drying method investigation, i.e., sun-drying, shade-drying, and oven-drying at 40°C. The results reveal that soaking treatment did not affect protein quality significantly, but there was a significant effect of soaking treatment on the ash content and color quality of U. lactuca. Among the drying method, sun drying and oven drying resulted in higher in-vitro protein digestibility and protein solubility compared to shade drying.  
Character-defining features of the Buffalo south mole (south pier), NY
Authors: Smith Adam , Tooker Megan
Published: April 2023

The US Congress codified the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA), the nation’s most effective cultural resources legislation to date, mostly through establishing the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The NHPA requires federal agencies to address their cultural resources, which are defined as any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object. The precursor to the Corps of Engineers erected the mole (a.k.a., the south pier) in the early 1820s at the entrance to the Buffalo harbor. The area on top of and surrounding the mole was modified through the past two hundred years, many of the character-defining features remain including the stone retaining walls, talus, stairs, and lighthouse identified in plans and drawings from the period of construction. Notably lost is the stone tow path, or banquette, and the stone incline on the south side of the mole is no longer visible. The researchers recommend a period of significance of c. 1820 through 1972 (50 years) since the mole has continued its original use of keeping the entrance to the Buffalo River open for freight and recreational boating traffic through the present day.