bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Hemiarthroplasty Following Severe Proximal Humerus Fracture Dislocations with Irretrievable Humeral Head in Young Patients
Authors: Hua Lim Chia , Siron Khairul Nizam
Published: January 2021

Neer first popularised the use of primary hemiarthroplasty to treat complex proximal humerus fractures, especially when the humeral head is nonviable or not reconstructable with internal fixations, and with younger patients. A 16-year-old boy had a motor vehicle accident and sustained a closed right proximal humerus fracture dislocation without neurovascular injury. Intraoperatively, due to difficulty retrieving the humeral head which dislocated and positioned behind the clavicle, hemiarthroplasty was done to avoid injuring the brachial plexus, vessels and lung. Mr Y, a 34-year-old man similarly sustained closed left proximal humerus fracture dislocation with an irretrievable head. He too underwent hemiarthroplasty. Both patients were followed up for a year with no pain and fairly good range of movement and muscle power. In complex proximal humerus fractures, there is still debate regarding primary hemiarthroplasty. There are risks of secondary displacement of fracture fragments and head necrosis after internal fixation. Neer and Cofield reported over 90% patients had relief of pain and 66% patients had free range of movement post hemiarthroplasty. Other authors described primary malposition and subsequent migration or deficient osseous integration as a complication after prosthesis. In a thirteen-year observational cohort study of 163 patients with hemiarthroplasty, the overall rate of prosthetic survival was 96.9% at one year, 95.3% at five years, and 93.9% at ten years. Of the factors that were assessed, the age is most important due to factors such as degenerative changes in the rotator cuff, osteoporosis, and motivation to achieve a good range of motion. Successful treatment of acute proximal humerus fractures with prosthetic replacement is challenging to orthopaedic surgeons as it requires proper patient evaluation, good surgical technique, especially in soft-tissue tensioning and stability, and meticulous rehabilitation. In young patients with good bone quality and irretrievable head, hemiarthroplasty is a choice.
The Value of Aqueous Assessment in Diagnosing Dry Eye
Authors: Ithnin Mohd Hafidz , Ariffin Azrin Esmady , Mohd Kama Khairidzan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The clinical evaluation of the three layers of tear film is still poorly described. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of aqueous assessment in diagnosing dry eye. Materials and method: Schirmer test with anaesthesia (STA) and tear meniscus height (TMH) measurement were conducted on non-dry eye (NDE) and dry eye (DE) subjects in this cross-sectional study. The NDE and DE subjects were classified using two types of classification; classification 1 and classification 2. Results: 321 subjects with 642 eyes were recruited in the study. STA was significantly correlated with TMH (r = 0.24, p < 0.001) in all 642 eyes. The comparison between nondry and dry eye subjects in STA and TMH were not significantly different (p > 0.05) if the Classification 1 was used to define dry eye. In Classification 2, there were significantly different between NDE (12.5 ± 8.2 mm) and DE (3.4 ± 0.8 mm) subjects in STA (p < 0.001). Similar trend was also depicted in TMH based on the definition of dry eye stated in Classification 2 (NDE = 0.45 ± 0.20 mm, DE = 0.39 ± 0.14 mm; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The value of STA and TMH were lower significantly in dry eye subjects. However, the significant outcomes were only demonstrated if the clinical signs of dryness were used in the definition of dry eye.
A Prospective Study On Response To Treatment Of Patients With Temporomandibular Disorder: A Clinical Study
Authors: Kashmoola Muhannad Ali , Mustafa Nazih Shaaban , Mohamed Robiah , Mohamed Talmiz Siti Nabilah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) is regarded as multifactorial in origin and this may influence the diagnosis and treatment plan. Early detection of TMD with suitable management may provide good response. This study was to relate demographic factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, stage of detection and treatment modalities on review outcome. Materials and Methods: 71 TMD patients were selected from Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology clinics. Patients’ details were recorded. Staging of patients was done based on guidelines by American Society of Temporomandibular Joint Surgeons (ASTMJS). Treatment modalities including selftherapy, occlusal splint and medication proposed to patients were based on their signs and symptoms. Prosthetic rehabilitation was indicated for free-end extension ridge. Treatment outcomes measure recommended by International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (IAOMS) was used during review visit. Results: Female showed higher incidence of TMD compared to male, with ratio of 2.5:1. 46(64.79%) patients were detected at early stage. Patients in their twenties [54(76.06%)] had the highest occurrence of TMD. Treatment modalities were correlated with signs and symptoms (p= 0.046), stage of detection (p= 0.030), and diagnosis (p= 0.023). Multiple regression displayed significant association on improvement of patients’ condition after treatment, mediated by stage of detection (r = - 0.216). 30(42.25%) patients detected at early stage had improvement of (on) signs and symptoms. Conclusion(s): Demographic factors contributed to incidence of TMD. Treatment plans were related to patients' condition, diagnosis and stage of detection. Early detection of TMD with proper management/s influenced patients’ condition.
An Audit On Waiting Period For Alveolar Bone Graft (ABG) After Pre-ABG Orthodontic Treatment In Abdul Samad Orthodontic Clinic
Authors: A/P Nathan Nivethiny
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The timing of ABG procedure in a cleft patient is crucial to provide room and bony support for the eruption of canine. However, there seems to be a delay in execution of this procedure in certain centres. Material and Methods: Sample consists of records of cleft patients treated from 2000-2016. The date and age for commencement of active orthodontic treatment, date referred for ABG and date ABG done were retrieved. The centres that conducted these surgeries identified. Results: The mean age at start of treatment was 11.03 for males and 11.47 for females. Average waiting period for ABG was 11.75 months with the shortest was 12 days and the longest was 35 months. Conclusion(s): Delay in ABG increase the risks associated with prolonged wear of fixed orthodontics. Distribution of burden of care among the surgical centres to reduce this waiting time should be taken into consideration for the benefit of patients.
An Investigation Into The Synergistic Relationship Between Lactoferrin And Azithromycin With Particular Reference To Periodontopathic Bacteria
Authors: Husain Juzaily
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The development of treatment strategies for periodontitis that maximise the effectiveness of antibiotics is highly desirable. Azithromycin is proving to be an effective antibiotic for treatment of refractory periodontitis which works by binding to the outer membrane of Gramnegative bacteria and subsequently inhibits protein synthesis. Lactoferrin is a membrane-active host antimicrobial protein and so the objective of this study was to determine whether the effect of azithromycin (AZM) against example periodontopathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia) could be potentiated by lactoferrin. Materials and Methods: Two strains of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia were exposed to lactoferrin (LF; up to 10 mg/ml) and AZM (up to 5 g/ml) for 0 -72 h. The MICs for AZM were established using E-Test strips and by agar diffusion. Susceptibility to LF and LF + AZM was evaluated using diffusion assays, with and without iron depletion. Results: The range of MIC values of AZM for P. gingivalis strains and T. forsythia was 0.16 - 0.63 µg/ml and 0.50 - 0.63 µg/ml, respectively. However, no inhibition was observed with iron saturated lactoferrin at any concentration or under iron depletion conditions nor was any effect observed on the AZM MIC by its presence. Conclusion(s): P. gingivalis and T. forsythia were inhibited by AZM but were not affected by LF and there was no synergism between AZM and LF.
Assessment Of Prevalence, Length And Position Of Anterior Loop Of Inferior Alveolar Nerve: A Study Using CBCT
Authors: Hassan Haszelini , Mohd Nor Hikmah , Shaberi Nur Athiah , Zuber Nur Aqila Syaqina , Hishamudin Nur Hasnaa
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Adequate space is required in the interforaminal region for anterior mandibular surgery, where the anterior loop is located within this region. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of the anterior loop (AL) of the inferior alveolar nerve, and to measure its length and position in patients attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images of mandibles from 70 patients (140 hemimandibles) were selected and evaluated in this retrospective study. A single detector, multiple slits CBCT machine was used for this purpose. The comparison was made based on gender, age and race. The prevalence, position and length of the AL were assessed using Romexis® software version 2.8.0.R. Results: An anterior loop was identified in 16.4% of the examined mandibles and mostly observed on the right side (21.4%). The prevalence of AL was significantly higher in males (69.6%) compared to females (30.4%). The mean anterior loop length recorded was 2.59 mm (± 1.63), ranged from 0.80 mm to 6.00 mm. Most of the loops were found located inferior to the apex of lower right second premolars (60%). Conclusion(s): In this study, the prevalence of AL found is significant and the length of AL was varied greatly. Although AL is an anatomical variation, findings of this study might be useful in determining the safe distance and to preserve the neurovascular bundle before an implant placement or osteotomy in the anterior region of mental foramen.
Barriers To Utilization Of Oral Health Care Services Among Antenatal Mothers In Kuantan, Pahang
Authors: Abllah Zurainie , Abdul Aziz Karimah Hanim , Jamani Nurjasmine Aida
Published: January 2021

Introduction: During pregnancy, increased acidity in the mouth increases the risk of antenatal mother to get dental caries. It is worsen if antenatal mother has morning sickness like vomiting during pregnancy. It can aggravate the problem by exposing the teeth to more gastric acid. In addition, antenatal mothers have hormonal changes that they are more susceptible to periodontal problems. Therefore, it is important for antenatal mother to get dental treatment and use oral health service. This study aim is to describe barriers to utilisation of oral health care services among antenatal mothers attending the Klinik Kesihatan Ibu dan Anak around Kuantan. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study which was conducted among purposely selected 296 antenatal mothers aged 18-45 years from Kuantan, Pahang in 18 months duration. Study used validated selfadministered questionnaire to obtain information on the variables of interest. Results: Common barriers to utilization of services among antenatal mothers are fear to dental pain (45.6%), time constraints- busy at workplace (36.5%) and feeling of not having any dental problems (36.1%). Meanwhile the least barrier to oral health care services among antenatal mothers is attitude of the dentist (0.7%), followed by attitude of the staff (1.4%) and condition of treatment room (1.7%) Conclusion(s): Fear of dental pain is the main barrier to utilization of service among antenatal mothers and dissatisfaction of the service provided is the least barrier among other factors.
Bilateral Transposition Of Maxillary Canines And First Premolars : Orthodontic Management. A Case Report
Authors: Tan Christopher Lawrence , Wong Xian Hui
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Transposition is a rare dental anomaly in positional interchange between two adjacent teeth. Studies indicated that tooth transpositions are more frequent unilateral than bilateral (12:1). It is a very rare phenomenon when the anomaly is bilateral and affects same teeth on both sides. The case of a 17 year old girl, with class I incisor relationship on class 1 skeletal base with bilateral transposition of maxillary canines-first premolars, severe crowding and posterior crossbite, is presented. This case report demonstrates the orthodontic management of bilateral transposition of maxillary canines-first premolars and by the end of treatment, the transpositions were maintained while achieving a good functional and aesthetic result.
Erosive Tooth Wear: Knowledge Of Diagnosis And Treatment Strategies Among Private Dental Practitioners In Kuantan, Pahang
Authors: Ab. Halim Noorhazayti , Fakhri Nur Atiyah , Azhar Nur Izzati Aisyah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Awareness of erosive tooth wear (ETW) by the public is still low and most dental practitioners overlooked the very early stages dismissing minor tooth surface loss of erosive tooth wear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge of diagnosis and treatment strategies of ETW among private dental practitioners (PDP) in Kuantan. Materials and Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted in Kuantan private clinics involving PDP and general dental practitioners who performed locum by using convenience sampling. A self-administered validated questionnaire was distributed and descriptive analysis was performed. Results: Overall response rate was 75%. Results indicated that majority of participants (79.2%) received formal education about ETW. About half of participants further learned through continuous dental education. All participants agreed that carbonated drink was the cause of ETW and majority of them reported that gastro-esophageal reflux diseases and pickles also contributed to ETW. Regarding ETW documentation, majority of participants (79%) preferred case notes. Nevertheless, 40.9% and 36.4% record at tooth surface level and individual level respectively. In term of specific scoring in assessing ETW, 79% of them did not know about it. Most of participants prefer giving oral hygiene instruction and diet counseling as preventive measures; however usage of fluorides was not prioritized. 77% of participants never referred case to dental specialist and prefer to treat patient by themselves. Conclusion(s): Knowledge of ETW among recruited PDP is adequate however they did not use any specific indices for ETW scoring and treatment strategies were insufficient.
Evaluation Of Calcium And Phosphorus Content In Virgin Coconut Oil, Coconut Milk And Coconut Water Using ICPMS- Assessment Of Remineralization Potential For Tooth Enamel
Authors: Rahamat Siti Fatimah Binti , Abllah Zurainie Bt , Wan Abd Manan Wan Nor Hayati Bt , Jalaludin Anil Azura , Bt Shahdan Intan Azura
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Dental decays happened due to demineralization of dental minerals because of oral acidic environment. The minerals that usually dissolved out from the enamel are calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). To ensure more Ca and P absorbed via remineralization, high Ca and P content in daily diet supply are required. In Malaysia, virgin coconut oil (VCO), coconut milk (CM) and coconut water (CW) are a few of many major diet component of daily diet. The aim for this study is to evaluate the Ca and P content of VCO, CM and CW. Materials and Methods: For these types of foods, Inductive Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is used in analyzing their Ca and P concentration. The samples undergone acid digestion (Method 3051a) using Teflon vessels under 150°C. Then, the samples were diluted and the readings are compared. Result:The VCO showed highest concentration of Ca (472.62 ppb) followed by CW (453.33 ppb) and CM (444.00 ppb). Whilst, CM showed the highest P concentration with 251.00 ppb and least P concentration from VCO (54.07 ppb). Comparing the concentration of the minerals altogether, although Ca concentration in CM is the least, it is still considered high. Conclusion(s): With supports of high concentration of P, CM displayed a promising potential of Ca and P supply to promote remineralization of enamel caries.
Evaluation Of Knowledge And Attitude Towards Oral Health During Pregnancy And Common Practices Among Pregnant Women Residing In Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Jamani Nurjasmine Aida , Abdul Aziz Karimah Hanim , Abllah Zurainie
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Oral health problem among pregnant woman has been shown to have possible association with preterm birth and low birth weight. Several studies found that pregnant women have limited knowledge of these adverse outcome. The aims of this study were to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of pregnant women and to examine their practices in relation with their intraoral health status. Materials and Methods: This a cross-sectional study where pregnant women from government health clinics in Kuantan, Pahang completed a questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards oral health. A thorough dental examination was done to attain their oral health status. Results were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi square test and multiple logistic regressions. Results: 296 pregnant women participated in this study. The mean age of the respondents was 28.7 years and the mean parity was two (2). Majority of them were Malay (91.9%) and had education below than higher secondary school (47.3%). Most respondents demonstrated poor knowledge (67%) and poor attitude (54%) about dental health in general.175 (59.1%) respondents do not know that gum disease are common in pregnancy and 235 (79.4%) of them are unaware of gum problems causing possible risk of adverse outcome in pregnancy. Half of them (53%) had good practice on oral health. Women with increase parity and are working were less likely to develop missing teeth. Good attitude towards dental health was found to be a protective factor for oral health disease. Conclusion(s): Most women were less knowledgeable and had poor attitude about oral and dental health. Gestation, employment and good attitude were significantly associated with good oral health outcome. Hence, targeted education should be promoted during pre-pregnancy in order to prevent possible adverse pregnancy outcome.
Improving Bond Strength And Thermal Behaviour Of New Sodalite Infiltrate Ceramic Core Materials
Authors: Hamid Naji Ghassan Abdul- , Omar Ros Anita , Yahya Rosiyah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the veneered porcelain and the ceramic core has been primarily identified as the cause of core/veneer chipping in all-ceramic restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodalite infiltration on the CTE behaviour and bond strength of different all-ceramic prostheses. Materials and Methods: The experimental groups were synthesised sodalite-infiltrated alumina (IA-SOD) and synthesised sodalite-infiltrated zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) (IZ-SOD), while the control groups were glassinfiltrated alumina (IA-glass) and glass-infiltrated ZTA (IZ-glass). Forty cylindrical-shaped samples (5mm diameter; 10mm height) were tested for CTE. Another forty disc-shaped samples (12mm diameter; 1.2±0.2mm thick) and veneered with cylinder-shaped low-fusing porcelain (2mm high; 2mm diameter) were prepared for shear bond strength test. SEM, stereo microscope and AFM were used to investigate the structural characteristics of samples at the fracture surface. Results: The CTE values for both IZ-SOD and IA-SOD were 8.62 x 10-6 K-1 and 8.37 x 10-6 K-1 respectively, which were statistically higher than IZ-glass and IA-glass (8.08 x 10-6 K-1 and 7.63 x 10-6 K-1 , respectively) (p0.05). Conclusion(s): The higher CTE mismatch and bond strength of the newly developed SOD-infiltrated samples than did the commercial glassinfiltrated samples could thus make them suitable for all-ceramic dental prostheses.
Influence Of Dentist Gender And Clinical Experience On The Selection Of Posterior Restorative Dental Material: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Mohammad Norazlina , Asy Abdul Aziz Abdul Azim , Ahmad Aimi Amalina , Jaafar Azlan , Al-Kadhim Aws H Ali
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Dentist-related factors are one of the major influences on the material selection for restoration of carious and non-carious tooth surface loss. There were conflicting results regarding the impact of dentists' gender and age or length of clinical experience on restorative material selection for posterior dentition. The aims of this study were to determine the influence of gender and clinical experience on posterior restorative material selection among private dental practitioner in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study, and a selfadministered questionnaire was distributed randomly using a simple random method, among general private dental practitioner in Kuala LUMPur. Data gathered then analysed using SPSS version 21.0 and alpha error was set at p10 years working experience) were inclined to choose tooth coloured restorative material over amalgam at 87% and 83.9% respectively. Chi square test revealed non-significant difference in the material selection with relation to gender (p=0.852) and clinical experience (p=0.748). Conclusion(s): The dental practitioner's gender and clinical experience in this study has no influence on the material selection for posterior restorations.
Oral Cancer Awareness And Practice Of Risk Habits And Mouth Self-Examination In High Risk Indigenous Community In Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Maling Thaddius Herman , Doss Jennifer Geraldine , Yun Low Wah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: This study was to obtain baseline information and its associated factors on oral cancer awareness, practice of risk habits and mouth self-examination (MSE) among selected highrisk indigenous community in Sarawak. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional survey using faceto-face interview was conducted on consented Malaysian, aged ≥15 years old who attended a one day Ministry of Health annual oral cancer screening programme at Bisaya villages in Limbang, Sarawak. Data were analysed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Significance level was set at p<0.05. Results:  75.1% of respondents were aware of oral cancer. Smoking was the most recognised risk habits (85.1%). About three-quarter of respondents recognised non-healing ulcer (74.7%) and red/white spot (72.1%) in the mouth as possible early cancer signs. Men had higher prevalence of smoking (85.7%) and drinking (70.8%)(p<0.01), whereas, women had higher percentage of betel quid chewing (62.5%). Low income was significantly associated with smoking and alcohol habits, whereas older age group and lower education level were significantly associated with betel quid chewing. Although 94.8% of respondents agreed that early detection may improve treatment outcome, only 33.8% had heard about MSE. Respondents who ever heard of MSE were 57 times more likely to practice MSE. Conclusion(s):  Majority of selected high-risk indigenous community were aware of oral cancer, however awareness of MSE are still lacking. Gender, age, education level and income were significantly associated with health-risk behaviours. Future health promotion agenda should focus in addressing socio-environment gaps, and develop health education intervention based on specific health behaviour theory.
ŞEHİR PAZARLAMASI KAPSAMINDA ŞEHİRLERİN TERCİH EDİLEBİLİRLİĞİNDE ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİ MUTLULUĞU VE MEMNUNİYETİNİN ÖNEMİ VE ARAŞTIRILMASI: NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: İRİ Ruhan
Published: January 2021

Çalışmada, şehir pazarlaması kapsamında şehirlerin bilinirliği ve tercih edilmesinde üniversitenin etkisine odaklanılmakta, üniversite öğrenci mutluluğu ve memnuniyetinin önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Araştırma Niğde ve yöresinin bilinmesinde, tanınmasında ve tercih edilmesinde Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin Niğde şehri ve yöresinden çevre, alt ve üst yapı, temizlik, güvenlik, şehirdeki yaşam kalitesi konularında öğrenci düşüncelerinin, duygularının, algılarının ve memnuniyet düzeylerinin öğrenci mutluluğunun etkisini/önemini belirlemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. 01-30 Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasında, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi’nde ön lisans, lisans, yüksek lisans ve doktora düzeyinde yargısal olarak seçilen öğrencilerle gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmeler neticesinde yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler, SPSS 22.0 paket programında analiz edilmiş olup, öğrencilerin Niğde şehri ve yöresi ile Niğde halkına yönelik mutluluk ve memnuniyet düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde likert derecelendirmesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, üniversiteler veya şehir için müşteri konumundaki üniversite öğrencilerinin, şehir hizmetlerinden veya şehirde yaşayanlardan beklentileri ve algılamalarını tespit etmesi bakımından önemlidir. Yine çalışma, müşteri memnuniyeti çerçevesinde, öğrenci mutluluğu ve memnuniyetinin üniversite tercihlerine paralel olarak, şehir tercih etmelerinde, şehirden ve şehirde yaşayanlardan memnun olma durumu üzerinde durulması açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Araştırma evrenini, 2018-2019 eğitim ve öğretim yılı bahar dönemine kayıtlı 28.050 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilen çalışma, mevcut durumu belirlemeye yönelik tanımlayıcı durum tespiti yapmak amacında keşifsel bir araştırma olup, verilerin değerlendirilmesinde bazı tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin, Niğde şehri ve yöresinden kısmen memnun oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, araştırmaya katılan öğrenciler, Niğde şehri ve yöre halkının üniversite öğrencisine karşı tutum ve davranışlarından/yaklaşımlarından memnun olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Yine öğrenciler, Niğde ve yöresi denilince zihinlerinde oluşan algılamaları arasında, Şehit Ömer Halisdemir, Niğde Gazozu, kampüs içerisinde yer alan Akkaya Barajından kaynaklanan kötü koku ve yöreye ait deyiş olan “Geçti Bor’un Pazarı, Sür Eşeği Niğde’ye” sözü araştırma bulguları arasında bulunmaktadır.
A CRISIS OF COLONIALISM: THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN DEUTSCH-OSTAFRIKA
Authors: WİTTMANN Max
Published: January 2021

This paper aims at understanding the First World War in the German colony of Deutsch-Ostafrika from all important perspectives. It aims to show that the situation led to a crisis of colonialism; Therefore, it firstly takes a close look at the actual history of the course of the First World War in Deutsch-Ostafrika and its immediate effects for the African population. Its arguments are that German armed forces consisted mainly of African soldiers under white officers, whose constant replacement weakened the army. A lack of supplies and infrastructure led to lootings and the forced recruitment of local porters, of whom many died in service, and whose absence on their fields let to famine. The Germans therefore were at the good will of Africans, what undermined the classical colonial distribution of roles. Until the war there had been an ideological frontier between black Africans and whites of all European nations. This was important to establish a deterring system of representation, to make Africans feel inferior and not to attempt revolt. The war changed this radically, as black soldiers learned to kill white people and to understand their weaknesses. For long, furthermore colonial missionaries had struggled to spread Christianity among natives; the waring Europeans’ display of “Christianity” though led to major setbacks. The following spiritual vacuum was in part filled by the spread of Islam. The paper argues that this interplay of military, ideological and religious points shook the colonial system to its foundations. The article’s final chapter traces how some of the events of the war in Africa then effected the subsequent period.
Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Terpadu (PPMT) Pendampingan Masyarakat Kelurahan Magersari dalam Penanganan Konflik Sosial
Authors: Fadilah Sumi Febriana , Murwani Sri , Pratomo Teguh Budi , Hernawin Amelia Mingky Setyo , Elvandari Ika Triana , Edhita Praja Chrisna Bagus , Suharso Suharso , Syafingi Habib Muhsin
Published: January 2021

Kelurahan Magersari, Kecamatan Magelang Selatan, Kota Magelang merupakan salah satu daerah yang sering terjadi konflik sosial, baik kekerasan maupun kejahatan. Salah satu penyebab konflik sosial di Kelurahan Magersari adalah minimnya pemahaman masyarakat akan pentingnya kesadaran hukum yang harus diterapkan dalam bermasyarakat. Kondisi ini berakibat pada munculnya perilaku dari warga masyarakat yang bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Kegiatan pendampingan yang dilaksanakan oleh Tim Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Terpadu (PPMT) Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang bertujuan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya konflik sosial di Kelurahan Magersari. Tim PPMT bekerjasama dengan Lembaga Keswadayaan Masyarakat (LKM) Magersari dan komunitas PKK dalam memberdayakan masyarakat di Desa Magersari. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan sosialisasi, pendampingan melalui pembentukan pos kajian hukum (posjikum) dan pelatihan mediator. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh Tim PPMT adalah di tengah pelaksanaan pendampingan muncul wabah Covid-19 yang berdampak pada tidak optimalnya pendampingan. Namun demikian, Tim PPMT mengalihkan sebagian kegiatan dengan bakti sosial membagikan masker, sabun cair anti bakteri dan cairan disinfektan kepada masyarakat dan pejabat kelurahan. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan berdampak positif bagi masyarakat Desa Magersari. Sebanyak 2 (dua) konfllik sosial yang terjadi dapat terselesaikan secara damai melalui mediasi, selain itu masyarakat Desa Magersari secara mandiri juga dapat membuat dokumen hukum berupa dokumen kontrak, permohonan penetapan pengadilan, surat kuasa dan surat gugatan.
THE HISTORY OF THE SELJUK STATE IN AZERBAIJANI HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Bayramov M.J.
Published: January 2021

The history of the Seljuk state, which played a significant role in the political, economic and cultural life of the Near and Middle East in the Middle Ages, is one of the most actual problems in Azerbaijani historiography. As it is known, after the establishment of the Seljuk state by the Turks, their main policy was to advance to the west, to seize Anatolia, to turn Anatolia into Turkish lands. The Caucasus region was the gateway to Anatolia. That is why the Caucasus, as well as Azerbaijan was of great military-strategic importance for the Seljuks. After the Dandanekan victory, it was decided at the Congress in Merv to launch new military operations to the East and West. The main target of the attack was Iran, Byzantium and the South Caucasus, because these countries were in political disarray and unable to resist them. Seljuk troops advancing on the Caucasus soon subjugated the local feudal states. The people of Azerbaijan, who have been under the rule of the Seljuk state for more than a century, have played a special role in the political and cultural development of the Seljuk state. However, this problem in national historiography has been a separate research topic only in the second half of the 20th century, which has long been out of sight. The present article is devoted to the study of Seljuk state in Azerbaijani historiography. The article studies the works of prominent Azerbaijani historians Z. Bunyadov, R. Huseynov, N. Akhundova, N.Aliyeva, Sh.Mustafayev, I.Hajiyev, T.Dostiyev and others, who have done research in this area since the second half of the twentieth to the first decade of the twenty-first century and their role in the study of the history of the great state in the medieval Muslim East, the Seljuk State, has been defined.
UAV GROUP CONTROL SYSTEM FOR JOINT TRANSPORTATION OF USEFUL LOADS
Authors: Ivanov E.V.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the work was to develop a control system for a group of drones, jointly lifting the load. The topic has practical application in various areas of public life (rescue, military operations, construction, etc.). The creation of such a system allows solving the problem of optimal use of resources, since the system becomes scalable, large and expensive drones are replaced by small drones, the number of which may vary depending on the task at hand.
Crises fébriles chez l’enfant : à propos d’une histoire familiale
Authors: de Suremain N. , Lecarpentier T. , Guedj R.
Published: January 2021

Les crises fébriles (CF) sont les crises convulsives les plus fréquentes prises en charge dans les services d’urgence dans la population des moins de cinq ans. Elles sont une crise accompagnée de fièvre, sans infection du système nerveux central, se produisant chez les enfants entre six mois et cinq ans. Les critères utilisés et enseignés pour classer les crises en simples ou complexes n’ont pas la même signification en pratique clinique pour prendre la décision d’effectuer une ponction lombaire et/ou une imagerie cérébrale, et pour l’indication de la prescription d’un antiépileptique de recours ou de fond. Certains facteurs sont prédictifs de la récurrence fébrile, tandis que d’autres sont prédictifs d’une épilepsie. À partir de deux cas cliniques de CF complexes, nous proposons une démarche de prise en charge et de faire une revue des syndromes épileptiques survenant au décours des CF chez le jeune nourrisson.
La tendinopathie d’Achille dans la xanthomatose cérébrotendineuse : à propos d’un cas
Authors: Froment-Ernouf P. , Aboukrat P.
Published: January 2021

Un homme de 55 ans est examiné à la consultation des pathologies du pied du CHU de Montpellier pour une tendinopathie bilatérale d’Achille. Il a pour antécédents une paraplégie spastique évolutive, un retard mental léger, un retard d’acquisition de la marche marqué par une démarche spastique, une difficulté à participer aux activités physiques et sportives scolaires depuis l’enfance. Il rapporte, ce qui est confirmé par sa mère présente lors de la consultation, une aggravation progressive des symptômes neurologiques tout au long de sa vie jusqu’en 2016. À l’âge de 53 ans, l’examen clinique retrouve un syndrome tétrapyramidal avec des réflexes vifs et polycinétiques, un signe de Babinski bilatéral, sans déficit sensitif ni moteur, il a de plus une discrète dysarthrie avec une élocution hachée. Sur le plan moteur, la démarche est manifestement neurologique, talonnante dans un premier temps mais aussi associée à un steppage bilatéral ainsi qu’à une légère ataxie. Il marche sans limitation du périmètre de marche et sans aide de marche. L’examen podoscopique ne retrouve pas de désaxation majeure de l’arrière-pied en dehors d’un discret valgus de l’arrièrepied, mais surtout un empâtement bilatéral au niveau des tendons calcanéens. On remarque également une tuméfaction bilatérale des tendons d’Achille à la palpation, sans nodule ni signes inflammatoires locaux, indolore. Devant l’aspect tuméfié des tendons d’Achille et du tableau neurologique aspécifique est évoqué le diagnostic de xanthomatose cérébrotendineuse (XCT), diagnostic probable par les lésions cérébrales à l’examen IRM, l’aspect échographique et IRM des tendons d’Achille et confirmé par l’anomalie chromosomique. La XCT est une maladie rare, autosomique récessive, causée par une mutation génétique du chromosome q33-qter modifiant l’enzyme 27-sterol-hydroxylase (CYP27). Le patient était atteint de troubles neurologiques, et notamment neuro-orthopédiques non étiquetés depuis la petite enfance. La mise en évidence des tuméfactions diffuses et indolores présentées au niveau des deux tendons d’Achille a permis d’orienter vers le diagnostic de XCT et l’instauration d’un traitement palliatif et chélateur, l’acide chénodésoxycholique, visant à ralentir l’évolution de la maladie, le traitement étiologique n’étant pas disponible à ce jour.
Innovation in Israel
Authors: Ben-Rafael Galanti Sigal , Yuval Fany , Meydani Assaf
Published: January 2021

The past decade has witnessed a growing number of theoretical and empirical studies analyzing the components of innovation; the ways in which it filters into political, social, and cultural systems; how it accelerates; what drives its existence; and its advantages and disadvantages (Seeck and Diehl 2017). This special issue, a joint initiative of the Israel Political Science Association (ISPSA) and Israel Studies Review, seeks to examine innovation in the Israeli political and societal sphere. Rooted in different disciplines, the articles are diverse yet connected to the political world, offering a distinctive preliminary mosaic that highlights the theme of innovation in Israel as it unfolds between politics, society, and culture.
Adaptive Regulation
Authors: Lahat Lihi , Sabah Yekoutiel
Published: January 2021

The provision of personal social services in Israel has recently changed, with many services now outsourced to non-governmental organizations. This shift requires the strengthening of regulatory mechanisms, yet the unique characteristics of personal social services make it difficult to create an efficient regulatory framework. By linking insights derived from the literature on regulation to the specific features of these services, this article presents a conceptual model for their regulation. The model incorporates aspects of innovation in the public sector, including a more comprehensive learning and collaborative process and a new rhetorical language. The proposed regulatory approach consists of three stages: mapping, the design of regulatory instruments, and implementation and evaluation. Applied to the Israeli experience here, this approach may also be relevant for other countries.
The Role of Joint Lists and the New Political Rhetoric in Israel, 2015–2020
Authors: Akirav Osnat
Published: January 2021

In 2014, Israel changed its electoral rules, requiring political parties to obtain at least 3.25 percent of the popular vote to gain a seat in the Knesset. We investigated the role that this change played in the creation of joint lists of several parties in the four ensuing elections, and found that the platforms and statements of joint lists were less ideological than those of their constituent parties. Our argument is that the trend of inter-party alliances characterized by unifying rhetoric is a political innovation in the Israeli context. We suggest that, as a result of such joint parties, Israeli politics—once known to be extremely ideological—has become dominated by non-ideological pragmatism.
The Text of the Jeremiah’s Text 1:5 and 7:18 in the Exegesis of Origen
Authors: Кожухов Сергий
Published: January 2021

В данной статье рассматривается экзегеза текстов книги пророка Иеремии (1, 5 и 7, 18) в сочинениях Оригена разных периодов его богословско-философской и эгзегетической деятельности. Эти тексты Ориген использует в качестве библейских свидетельств для обоснования трёх положений своего учения, взятых из платоновской философии: одушевлённости небесных светил, предсуществовании душ их телам, предвидении Божием. В более ранний александрийский период своей литературной активности Ориген в произведении «О началах» даёт им христианское понимание и даже пытается сделать церковным учением. В кесарийский период, напротив, он отходит от положений платонизма и рассматривает данные тесты Иеремии, в особенности Иер. 1, 5, с позиции церковного учения в традиционном библейском контексте, понимая их как свидетельства учения о божественном предвидении. В статье рассматриваются сочинения двух вышеуказанных периодов деятельности Оригена, в которые александриец, истолковывая Иремию, приходит к разным богословским выводам. При помощи данной методологии исследования автор статьи стремится показать эволюцию доктринальных взглядов Оригена и его экзегезы.

This article discusses the exegesis of the texts of the book of the prophet Jeremiah (1, 5, 7, 18) in the writings of Origen from different periods of his theological-philosophical and exegetic activities. These texts Origen uses as biblical evidence to justify the three provisions of his teachings, taken from Plato’s philosophy: the animate of stars, the pre-existence of souls to their bodies, the foresight of God. In the earlier аlexandrian period of his literary activity Origen in the work «On the principles» gives them a Christian understanding and even tries to make the Church teaching. In the caesarean period, on the contrary, he departs from the provisions of Platonism and considers these tests of Jeremiah, in particular Jer. 1, 5, from the standpoint of Church doctrine in the traditional biblical context, understanding them as evidence of the doctrine of divine foresight. The article deals with the works of the above two periods of Origen, in which the Alexandrian begins to interpret these texts of Jeremiah, coming to different theological conclusions. With the help of this research methodology, the author seeks to show the evolution of the doctrinal views of Origen and his exegesis.
Eusebius of Caesarean Commentary on Psalm 37 in the Old Georgian Version
Authors: Ким Сергий
Published: January 2021

Толкование Евсевия Кесарийского на 37-й псалом в греческом оригинале было исследовано автором настоящей статьи в рамках проекта по Александрийской и Антиохийской экзегезе при Берлинско-Бранденбургской академии наук1 в 2017-2018 гг. По итогам исследования греческих рукописей было подготовлено новое критическое издание (в печати). Данная статья является продолжением работы над этим памятником и представляет читателю первую часть древнегрузинской версии Толкования на 37-й псалом и её русского перевода.

The Greek original of the Commentary on Psalm 37 by Eusebius of Caesarea was studied by the author of the present contribution in the frame of the project «Die alexandrinische und antiochenische Bibelexegese in der Spätantike» at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences in 2017-2018. The investigation of the Greek manuscripts led to a new critical edition of Eusebius’ text (forthcoming). We conceive the present article as a continuation of our study on this text and offer the reader a first part of the critical edition of the hitherto inedited Old Georgian version of Eusebius’ Commentary on Psalm 37 alongside its Russian translation.
Allegorical Interpretation of the Holy Scripture in Qumran Scrolls' Pesharim
Authors: Вевюрко Илья Сергеевич
Published: January 2021

Данная статья посвящена проблеме аллегорезы как способа интерпретации Священного Писания кумранитами. Несмотря на то, что аллегорический метод интерпретации считается визитной карточкой александрийской школы с её ярко выраженным эллинистическим субстратом, мы можем заметить, что кумранская литература, возникшая главным образом в контексте эсхатологического прочтения пророческих книг, активно использует его в своих пешарим. Первоначально аллегорический метод толкования становится актуальным при условии, что все другие виды интерпретации не дают ожидаемого автором результата. Аллегорезу отличает жёсткая внутренняя логика, применяемая автором для извлечения более глубоких аспектов рассматриваемого текста. Аллегореза пешарим, опираясь на библейские аллюзии, а также цепочки смежных смыслов, ставит целью раскрытие символического содержания пророческих книг, актуализируя их в современной толкователю ситуации. При этом кумранские экзегеты используют герменевтические ходы, встречающиеся в Священном Писании (особенно в Новом Завете), что делает их тексты ценными для понимания внутренней библейской герменевтики в её первоначальном контексте.

The article deals with a problem of allegoresis as a means of interpretation of the Scriptura Sacra in Qumran. Though an allegorical method is considered to be the hallmark of the Alexandrian school with its pronounced Hellenistic substrate, we can see that Qumran literature, which arose mainly in the context of eschatological reading of prophetic books, actively uses it in the pesharim. Initially, the allegorical method of interpretation becomes relevant provided that all other types of interpretation do not work as be expected by the author. Allegoresis is marked by a strong inner logic, used by the author for extracting of the more deep aspects of the text. Based on biblical allusions, as well as the chain of interchangeable related meanings, the allegoresis of pesharim sets its goal in revealing of the symbolic content of prophetic books, actualizing them in the modern interpreter’s situation. At the same time, Qumran exegetes use hermeneutical ways present in the Holy Scripture (especially in the New Testament), which makes their texts valuable for understanding the internal biblical hermeneutics in its original context.
Innovation or Continuity? Features and Religious and Historical Context Exegetic-Hermeneutic Views of Martin Luther
Authors: Борисов Антоний
Published: January 2021

Личность Мартина Лютера (1483-1546) и его реформационная деятельность вызывают различные оценки исследователей. В частности, особое внимание уделяется вкладу Лютера в развитие библейской экзегезы. Цель статьи - определить, насколько оправданно считать Лютера новатором в области толкования Писания. Как представляется автору, корректное понимание деятельности Реформатора возможно лишь при условии соотнесения авторского подхода Лютера к пониманию Библии с религиозно-историческим контекстом, в котором он находился. Указанная методология позволяет доказать, что экзегеза Реформатора стала комплексным феноменом, на основе которого развивалось характерное для протестантизма восприятие Писания в христологическом ключе.

The personality of Martin Luther (1483-1546) and his reformation activity cause different evaluations of researchers. In particular, special attention is paid to Luther’s contribution to the development of biblical exegesis. The aim of the article is to determine - is it correct to consider Luther to be an innovator in the interpretation of Scripture? It seems to the author that a right understanding of the Reformer’s activity is possible only if Luther’s author’s approach to the understanding of the Bible is correlated with the religious and historical context in which the Reformer acted. This methodology allows us to prove that Luther’s exegesis became a complex phenomenon and served as the basis for the development of the Protestant perception of Scripture in the Christological sense.
The Theological Dialogue Between the Orthodox and the Non-Chalcedonians (Past - Present - Future): An Athonite Critique. Part 1: Prologue. Introduction, ch. 1, nn. 1-3
Authors: Вишняк Михаил Андреевич
Published: January 2021

Вниманию русскоязычного читателя предлагается первая часть перевода с новогреческого на русский язык книги Ὁ Θεολογικός Διάλογος Ὀρθοδόξων καί Ἀντιχαλκηδονίων (παρελθόν - παρόν - μέλλον): Μία ἁγιορειτική συμβολή. Ἅγιον Ὄρος: Ἱερά Μονή Ὁσίου Γρηγορίου, 2018 (841 σ.). Это издание посвящено богословскому диалогу между Православной Церковью и антихалкидонитами и включает в себя все тексты соответствующей тематики, составленные на Святой Горе Афон в период 1991-2015 гг. Настоящая публикация включает перевод предисловия архим. Христофора, игумена монастыря Григориат, и части введения (гл. 1, пп. 1-3). Перевод снабжён также предисловием переводчика, в котором кратко изложена история богословского диалога, цель издания и его перевода на русский язык, которая заключается в содействии плодотворному и согласному со Священным Преданием воссоединению антихалкидонитов с Церковью.

The Russian-speaking reader is presented with the first part of the translation into Russian from the modern Greek of the book Ὁ Θεολογικός Διάλογος Ὀρθοδόξων καί Ἀντιχαλκηδονίων (παρελθόν - παρόν - μέλλον): Μία ἁγιορειτική συμβολή. Ἅγιον Ὄρος: Ἱερά Μονή Ὁσίου Γρηγορίου, 2018 (841 p.). This edition is devoted to the Theological Dialogue between the Orthodox Church and the non-Chalcedonians and includes all texts of the relevant topics, published on the Holy Mount Athos in the period 1991-2015. This publication includes a translation of the Prologue of archim. Christophoros, the abbot of the monastery of St. Gregory, and of a part of the Introduction (Chapter 1, paragraphs 1-3). The translation is also provided with a preface of the translator, which summarizes the history of the Theological Dialogue, the purpose of the publication and its translation into Russian, which is to contribute to the fruitful and consistent with the Holy Tradition reunification of the non-Chalcedonians with the Church.