bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computations in determining a financial proxy which optimizes de-trended stochastic asset prices under fixed-mix portfolio strategies
Authors:   , Chule Siyabonga Goodwill
Published: July 2022

The performance of portfolios of a fixed-rate asset and a risky asset of major companies in a South African market index the FTSE/JSE with strategies which rebalances fixed proportions of wealth in every rebalancing period is analysed in a long term. Recent findings in portfolio management theory by Dempster, Evstigneev and Schenk-Hoppé (2010, 2008, 2007, 2003) and by Browne (1988) note optimality of fixed-mix portfolios which assert fast exponential growth in stationary markets. A quantitative analysis is performed to analyse quantifiable measures in order to optimize the application of self-financing constant rebalanced portfolio strategies that contribute to the financial engineered prospects suggested by Dempster et al. (2010) for fixed-mix portfolios. The comparative performance of fixed-mix portfolios with a proxy strategy and without proxy strategy relative to a buy and hold strategy shows the superiority of fixed-mix portfolios in generic market conditions. The research extends the utilization of constant rebalanced self-financing portfolio investment strategies by assessing the market price of risk under the mean-variance model of Markowitz (1952). Effective implementation tactics of the strategy are examined by focusing on the market risk and the financial risk. The frequent reversals and trending of stochastic asset prices in the financial market are analysed to adjust the market price of risk by considering tradable financial securities to determine the financial proxy of de-trending. The proxy hypothesis which evaluates the stationary financial condition in a fixed-mix portfolio is validated by an option-based myopic strategy using a lookback straddle option. A myopic strategy is a strategy which considers a single period ahead, Fabozzi, Forcardi and Kolm (2006). The realised growth under a financial proxy is found to have a linear strategic asset allocation with a low degree of concavity relative to a buy and hold performance in the market risk of self-financing portfolio strategies.
IMPLEMENTASI PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN BERBASIS KINERJA DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Ariftian Zuhdu Agus Iwhan
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pelaksanaan manajemen kinerja pemerintah daerah di Kecamatan Sukodono Kabupaten Sidoarjo dalam mewujudkan pelayanan prima. Selanjutnya penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk memperbaiki manjemen pelayanan Pemerintah Daerah dalam mewujudkan pelayanan prima. Melalui penelitian deskriptif survey dikumpulkan data sekunder berupa dokumen dan data primer diperoleh melalui observasi/pengamatan, kuesioner dan wawancara di lima SKPD di Kecamatan Sukodono Kabupaten SidoarjoPenelitian ini menemukan bahwa pada dasarnya pemerintah daerah Kecamatan Sukodono Kabupaten Sidoarjo telah melaksanakan berbagai upaya perbaikan manajemen pelayanan untuk mewujudkan pelayanan yang lebih cepat, tepat, manusiawi, murah, tidak diskriminatif, dan transparan. Secara umum kualitas pelayanan di daerah ini telah mengalami perbaikan sejak diberlakukan otonomi daerah. Namun, upaya-upaya perbaikan yang telah ditempuh oleh pemerintah daerah tersebut nampaknya belum optimal. Hal ini berakibat tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan umum berdasarkan indeks kepuasan masyarakat hampir seluruh indikator penilaian menunjukkan kategori sedang.Reformasi manajemen pelayanan pemerintah daerah melalui penerapan elemen-elemen new public management belum dilakukan secara sistemik dan masih ditemukan banyak kelemahan. Kebanyakan aparatur penyelenggara pelayanan publik di lingkungan  pemerintahan daerah Kecamatan Sukodono Kabupaten Sidoarjo tidak tergerak melakukan pembaharuan pelayanan karena paradigma pelayanan publik yang baru belum dipahami dan dilaksanakan secara baik. Banyak visi dan misi organisasi pelayanan belum dihayati sehingga belum mampu menggerakkan organisasi dalam mencapai tujuan.
COSTOS OCULTOS EN LA CADENA DE SUMINISTRO Y LA SATISFACCIÓN DEL CLIENTE
Authors: Mercado Valenzuela Ulises , Torres Sanabria Guillermo , Quiroz Aguilar Francisco
Published: July 2022

El estudio de la relación de los (CO) dentro de la cadena de suministro (CS) y su impacto en la satisfacción del cliente dentro de una organización se puede considerar como una herramienta elemental que permite optimizar la mejora en la cadena de suministro. Se considera que el estudio es transversal y correlacional, identificando la relación entre los CO en la CS y el nivel de Satisfacción del Cliente (NSC), enfocándose en la manufactura, venta y distribución de productos hidroalcohólicos, en un empresa fabricante de artículos cosméticos mediante la cuantificación de las variables involucradas en el proceso de la medición del NSC, considerando que al final de la propuesta se desarrollaran métricas que servirán como base de comparación con futuros estudios teóricos a realizarse y servir de referencia a estudios prácticos en empresas de giro distinto al especificado, que necesitan determinar y medir este tipo de costos.
DESEMPEÑO PROFESIONAL PERCIBIDO EN LOS EGRESADOS DEL ÁREA DE NEGOCIOS DE LA UAMZM-UASLP EN SU INSERCIÓN EN EL CAMPO LABORAL
Authors: Huerta Castro Michelle Irais , Gómez Sánchez David , Grimaldo Reyes Sanjuana Edith , Recio Reyes Ramon Gerardo
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el desempeño profesional en los egresados de las licenciaturas socio administrativas como son: licenciatura en Contaduría Pública y Finanzas, licenciatura en Mercadotecnia y licenciatura en Administración de la Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media (UAMZM) de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí en su integración al campo laboral y por ello determinar el grado de importancia que tienen en la percepción de profesores, alumnos y egresados, asimismo de los empleados que ejercen en el municipio de Rioverde, San Luis Potosí. El estudio fue cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal y no experimental. La población se conformó por cuatro grupos de interés siendo profesores, alumnos, egresados y empleadores, aplicándose una encuesta a 433 Personas. El instrumento aplicado estuvo integrado por 40 ítems de los cuales se agruparon en siete dimensiones: conocimientos, habilidades, actitudes, capacidades, valores, relaciones sociales y desempeño especifico de cada carrera, obteniendo un alfa de Cronbach de 0.889. Entre los principales resultados se logró identificar que el desempeño con mayor importancia es el de valores, por el contrario, el de menor porcentaje siendo las relaciones sociales. Respecto a la asociación de agrupamientos de los desempeños con el grupo de interés que pertenece el individuo, muestran una significancia en todas las dimensiones. Por otro lado, no están asociados los desempeños con el programa educativo, teniendo solo significancia en los desempeños específicos y las relaciones sociales.
A Pliocene-Pleistocene temperature reconstruction from the tropical Andes of Colombia 
Authors: Pérez-Angel Lina C. , Sepúlveda Julio , Molnar Peter , Mora-Páez Hector , Parrado Ángelica , Eaman Katie , González-Arango Catalina , Snell Katie , Montes Camilo , Dildar Nadia
Published: July 2022

We provide a Plio-Quaternary quantitative temperature record based on the distribution of bacterial membrane lipids; branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) preserved in lake sediment of the Funza-II core in the Sabana de Bogotá (2500 m.a.s.l.), Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (~4°N). Using a refined age model based on 4 new zircon U-Pb dates from ash layers that place the base of the core at around ~4 Ma, we show that Pliocene temperatures were ~2.2 ± 2.0°C warmer than Mid-Late Pleistocene temperatures. If the Pliocene eastern tropical Pacific were as warm as it becomes during major El Niño events today, the teleconnection to the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia could account for a warmer Pliocene than present-day climate by 2°C, without a pantropical change in temperature. These temperature estimates are the only terrestrial tropical record within 5° of the equator for Pliocene time.
A Pliocene palaeoclimate record from Taigu-Yushe Basin, central China 
Authors: Lu Huayu , Dekkers Mark , Li Xiaoqiang , Cheng Feng , Zhang Ran , Wang Yichao , Wang Hanlin , Vandenberghe Jef , Li Chengsen
Published: July 2022

Pliocene climate is regarded as an analogue of future global warming (Burke et al, 2018; IPCC, 2021). How was the Pliocene precipitation in the monsoonal East Asia is not well known, although the Pliocene eolian silt ‘Red Clay’ deposit sequences have been investigated (Gallagher et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2022.). The poor preservation of floral and fauna fossils, and low sedimentation rate of the Red Clay makes it inappropriate to use as proxies that quantitatively reconstructing the Pliocene paleoclimate. In this study, a thick lacustrine deposit sequence at the Taigu-Yushe Basin (TYB) in central China is investigated, in order to semi-quantitatively reconstruct the East Asian monsoon precipitation variations during the Pliocene and early Pleistocene. These lacustrine sediments are rich in fossils. The thick lacustrine deposit sequences are dated by paleomagnetic stratigraphy analysis and correlated with the loess-paleosol time-series. The results show that the TYB lake deposit was accumulated during circa 4.0 -1.5 Ma. The Xiaobai Formation, which indicates a humid climate, was formed during 4.0-2.4 Ma. The pollen assemblage of the lake deposits and fluvial sediments reveals a dry climate after 2.4 Ma. Our proxy analyses show the precipitation during the middle Pliocene was 30% more than the present. This sedimentary record unravels the strengthened East Asian monsoon circulation which transported more vapor to the monsoon marginal during the Pliocene warmth.
Plant wax reconstructions of Pliocene vegetation and hydroclimate – from scientific ocean drilling
Authors: Feakins Sarah
Published: July 2022

Dual measurements of the carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of plant wax, provide a powerful means to gather parallel evidence on vegetation and climate change. Following the Miocene expansion of C4 grasslands in the tropics, both C3 and C4 plant types are present on the tropical landscape. Carbon isotopes in plants can reveal the history of vegetation during the Pliocene. Hydrogen isotopes in plants record that of precipitation isotopes, tracing rainout processes associated with large scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Drilling by the International Ocean Discovery Program and earlier scientific ocean drilling has recovered Pliocene age sediments, around the margins of Africa and South Asia, capturing plant waxes that blow off or are washed off the continents by fluvial transport. Multiple drill cores have published plant wax C and H isotopic reconstructions available, that I synthesize here to explore the regional expression of Pliocene vegetation and climate. This effort seeks to address the IODP Science Plan: how does climate respond to elevated CO2 (challenge 1), what drives past precipitation change (challenge 3) and vegetation response (challenge 7)? It contributes to the flagship initiative of the IODP 2050 Science Framework to ground-truth climate models, focused on the critical aspect of assessing precipitation patterns on land across elevated CO2 to validate model reconstructions of past hydrological change and thus to constrain confidence in future predictions. To achieve the model connection, the hydrogen isotope data are summarized for comparison to isotope-enabled climate model output, including General Circulation Climate model experiments for the 3.2 Ma focus of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) and 5-4 Ma timeslice – see  presentation by Knapp et al., (this conference).
Climate and carbon cycling across the mid-Pliocene Warm Period
Authors: Tangunan Deborah , Hall Ian , Beaufort Luc , Halloran Paul , Starr Aidan , Nederbragt Alexandra
Published: July 2022

The mid-Piacenzian or mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP; 3.264-3.025Ma) is the most recent period of sustained global warmth, which stands in contrast to the more variable and progressively cooler Pleistocene glacial-interglacial climate which followed. Global temperatures were 3˚C higher than the pre-industrial level, with atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2) reaching up to 410ppmv, making the mPWP the nearest past analogue for future warm climate. Thus, proxy reconstructions that can accurately capture biological response to past and projected pCO2 are crucial in understanding future climate scenarios.

Here we present initial high-resolution climatic variability and carbon cycling records from oxygen and carbon isotopes, assemblage, and morphometry of coccoliths – calcium carbonate exoskeletons produced by marine phytoplankton coccolithophores – from sediments collected during the IODP Expedition 361 at the Mozambique Channel (U1476; 15°49.25′S, 41°46.12′E; 2166m water depth), spanning 2.96 and 3.40Ma at 0.5 to 3.7kyr resolution. Previous studies show that the modern surface waters above Site U1476 are in air-sea exchange CO2 equilibrium, making Site U1476 an ideal location for pCO2 reconstructions. We also explore the expressions of coccolith isotopic vital effects from size-separated fractions that have been linked to cell size, growth rate, and calcification degree, providing empirical correlation with aqueous CO2 concentrations and ultimately, with pCO2 levels.

Preliminary results show strong precession-related 23-kyr cyclicities prior to M2 glaciation. These cycles are associated with negative coccolith fraction δ18O (δ18OCF) excursions coinciding with increasing upper ocean primary productivity resulting from a more vigorous Mozambique Channel Throughflow, forced by precession minima and northern hemisphere summer insolation maxima. A change in orbital configuration in upper ocean temperature and stratification records, from precession to obliquity, occurs after M2, with an overall climate background of 100-kyr glacial-interglacial cycles in upper ocean primary production, indicating commencement of the longer-term 100-kyr cooling trend observed through the Pleistocene. Periodicities at the eccentricity band, often linked to Pliocene ice volume, are shown in the δ13CCF, supporting prior findings on tight coupling between ice volume and carbon cycle changes, analogous to those recorded during the late Pleistocene.
Evolution of East-West contrast in the subarctic Pacific gyre during the Plio-Pleistocene based on new palynological evidences at ODP Site 882
Authors: Zorzi Coralie , de Vernal Anne
Published: July 2022

Evolution of the temperature contrast in the subarctic gyre is fundamental to better constrain the scheme of the Plio-Pleistocene climate-ocean-ice transition in the northern North Pacific region. The growth of glaciers in Alaska during the early Pliocene is in disagreement with the hypothesis suggesting that development of permanent continental ice in the circum-North Pacific is associated to onset of the modern halocline at 2.7 Ma. Hence, development of warm surface conditions in eastern Pacific during the early Pliocene has been proposed as key mechanism fostering regional evaporation. These assumptions are sustained by model experiments simulating a strong W-E contrast in subarctic Pacific during the Pliocene (Burls et al., 2017) and a reduction of the surface gradient at 2.7 Ma (Haug et al., 2005). However, evolution of the zonal subarctic temperature gradient remains unclear in geological records. In the view to fill this gap, we investigated the dinocyst assemblages at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 882 located in western subarctic gyre, which were be compared with the Plio-Pleistocene palynostratigraphy previously performed in the Gulf of Alaska.

Prior 4.2 Ma, dinocyst assemblages at ODP Site 882 are characterized by cold and cool-tolerant species such as Pyxidinopsis braboi and Filisphaera filifera with occasional occurrence of thermophilic species reflecting cold sea-surface water conditions. This observation is in line with UK37 SST analysed at the study site but contrasts with the highest percentages of thermophilic dinocysts, including Ataxiodinium zevenboomii, Impagidinium velorum and Impagidinium patulum, recorded in the Gulf of Alaska. Hence, our results documented for the first time a strong temperature contrast in the subarctic Pacific gyre with warmer conditions in the East than in the West as previously simulated by the models (Bursl et al., 2017). However, reduction of the zonal temperature contrast was reported at 4.2 Ma, well before the development of the halocline at 2.7 Ma, by the increase of Impagidinium detroitense and Habibacysta tectata over the subarctic gyre. Despite uncertainties regarding the ecology of these two extinct taxa, we tentatively interpreted this change as the development of cool but saline conditions in the subarctic Pacific. Our study acknowledges that a better understanding of the mechanisms driving major climate changes is reinforced by integrating approach combining proxy data and climate models.
How will the tropical Pacific respond to global warming? The importance of timescale when considering apparent paleo-paradoxes 
Authors: Burls Natalie , Fedorov Alexey , Heede Ulla , Shankle Madison , Thomas Matthew , Liu Wei , Penman Donald , Ford Heather , Jacobs Peter , Planavsky Noah , Hull Pincelli
Published: July 2022

Several oceanic and atmospheric mechanisms have been put forward to describe the response of the tropical Pacific to global warming. Still uncertainties persist in their interaction and relative importance, with projections varying substantially across climate models. When we turn to the last time in Earth’s history that atmospheric CO2 estimates exceed 400 ppm, the Pliocene, several apparent paradoxes appear, clouding our view of the tropical Pacific during the Pliocene and its utility as a potential analogue for future warming. However, when proper consideration is given to the timescales associated with the oceanic and atmospheric mechanisms that support tropical Pacific climate variability, several of these apparent paradoxes can be resolved. The first apparent paradox is between the reduced east-west SST gradient (weaker Walker Circulation) mean state reconstructions for the Pliocene and the strengthening of the east-west SST gradient during 20th century warming. This paradox can be resolved by considering the transient versus equilibrium processes involved in the response to global warming. The second apparent paradox is evidence for ENSO during the Pliocene even while the mean state resembled more El Nino-like (i.e., El Padre) conditions. This apparent paradox is resolved by the relative importance of coupled feedbacks, other than the thermocline feedback, generating inter-annual variability in the Pliocene. Thirdly, an apparent paradox between the reduced Pliocene east-west SST gradient, indicative of reduced wind-driven upwelling, and evidence of enhanced biological productivity in the east Pacific where productivity is typically driven by upwelling. This apparent paradox can be reconciled by evidence for older, more acidic, and nutrient-rich water reaching the equatorial Pacific by way of a Pacific meridional overturning circulation during the Pliocene, providing a mechanism for enhanced productivity existing alongside a reduced east-west SST gradient.
Pliocene environmental changes in the Levantine Corridor (Near East): insights from a new multi-proxy study from a lacustrine record in the central Jordan Valley
Authors: Waldmann Nicolas , Greenlee John , Dean Silas , Hall Christine , Yadav Ankit , Oladipo Olajide , Park-Boush Lisa , Castañeda Isla
Published: July 2022

The Pliocene (5.33-2.58 Ma) was the last significant sustained warm period in Earth climate history. Atmospheric carbon dioxide and global temperatures during this interval are comparable to those estimated for our planet’s future climate trajectory. Considering a similar to current continental and oceanic positioning, it is possible to assume similar oceanic and atmospheric circulation patterns, and hence reliable climate archives dated to this interval may serve as a good analogue for providing a base of comparison to the future climate conditions of our planet. Current data on the Pliocene mostly focus on marine sediments with terrestrial data arriving from loess and paleosol records. Yet, there is a lack of information from continental lacustrine formations, especially from the Eastern Mediterranean. The Erk’-el-Ahmar Formation (3.15-4.5 Ma) is exposed in the central Jordan Valley and includes a ~150 m succession of mostly lacustrine deposits (clay, silt, very find sand, and carbonate layers), with excellent preservation of freshwater mollusk shells, ostracod bivalves, micromammal bone fragments, and even a mammoth tusk. This study aims to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions in the region during this time interval using a multi-proxy approach that includes physical parameters (grain size distribution, magnetic susceptibility), chemical compositional data (X-ray fluorescence and total organic carbon/inorganic carbon), with preliminary results of ostracod and biomarker data from three push-cores (60 m) and the formation’s outcrop.

Our results show major fluctuations in the lake hypsometry, as evidenced by the different parameters, which are suggested to reflect the local hydro-climate conditions. An orbital-scale dry-wet climate cyclicity is well identified in the sedimentary record, which probably influenced the lake depth and structure, redox conditions, sedimentary provenance, and the habitat for faunal species. The sediment cores capture transitions between continuous deep to shallow lacustrine environments, with potential short intermittent events (perhaps seismic or climate-induced), indicating the sustainability of this perennial water body. Results from this study provide an important understanding of the hydrological conditions that may have dominated the region during a warmer climate phase, challenging previous estimations on the governing mechanisms for climate variability in the region, such as humidity provenance.
Plio-Pleistocene productivity reconstructions in the Indian Monsoon region
Authors: Gray Emmeline , Anand Pallavi , Badger Marcus , Bolton Clara , Leng Melanie , Murayama Masafumi
Published: July 2022

The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) brings seasonal winds and rains to the Indian subcontinent.  The winds cause surface ocean mixing in the southern Bay of Bengal (BoB), bringing nutrients to the surface that fuel ocean productivity and export of carbon to the sea floor. To improve the understanding of the role of monsoon winds in low-latitude surface ocean productivity and carbon export, the Plio-Pleistocene interval is ideal because boundary conditions were evolving.  We aim to reconstruct variability in surface ocean and export productivity across the late-Pliocene and early-Pleistocene in response to ISM wind-driven mixing in the southern BoB.

Here we analyse sediments from IODP Site U1443  (Exp. 353) from ~1.9-2.8 million years ago.  A new benthic oxygen isotope (δ18O) stratigraphy (at ~3-thousand-year resolution) and age model tied to the global benthic δ18O stack are presented.  We utilise these sediments to obtain bulk sediment X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning elemental data and coccolithophore assemblages to infer changes in summer monsoon runoff and surface ocean productivity influenced by monsoon wind strength. We use % Florisphaera profunda (coccolithophore assemblage) along with bulk sediment XRF Br as productivity indicators and a “terrigenous” bulk sediment XRF elemental composition stack as a wind strength and runoff indicator.  We observe increased productivity during glacials (MIS 96, 98, 100), coinciding with increased terrigenous input.  This observation is coherent with previous low-latitude productivity records from the equatorial Pacific. However, in contrast to equatorial Pacific productivity records, influenced by obliquity, our southern BoB records show robust surface productivity (% F. profunda) and summer monsoon runoff (terrigenous stack) peaks in both the obliquity and precession bands. We will discuss linkages between monsoon wind and runoff across the Plio-Pleistocene in context with other monsoon records.
What don't we understand about past rainfall changes in Africa and Arabia during the Pliocene?
Authors: Zhang Kai , Kunkelova Tereza , Wilson Paul A. , Xuan Chuang , Crocker Anya J.
Published: July 2022

Past hydroclimate change in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula plays a vital role in early human evolution and dispersal. Although arid today, North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula experienced periodic humid intervals, during which strengthened rainfall driven by astronomical forcing (chiefly eccentricity-modulated precessional cycles) transformed the Saharo-Arabian desert into a vegetated landscape cross-cut by rivers and lakes. The relationship between hydroclimate variability and hominid evolution is strongly debated and continuous palaeoclimate reconstructions are required to provide a context for understanding evolutionary outcomes on land. However, there are major discrepancies between different types of proxy data and between these reconstructions and those generated by numerical models as to the spatial and temporal occurrence of humid events and to the seasonality of the rainfall responsible. Two major contributing problems concern (i) the incontinuous nature of palaeo records from terrestrial archives (palaeolake sediments and stalagmites) and (ii) the challenges of attribution associated with records from marine sediment cores. Here, we report geochemical and stable isotope data from the Arabian Sea to reconstruct past environmental changes in a multi-proxy approach, which will help us to understand the relationship between palaeoclimate change and hominid evolution, reveal how the West Asian monsoon responded to a period of increased global warmth and furthermore, provide a reliable data set for model simulations in the future.
Late Pliocene surface ocean conditions at the SW Iberian margin
Authors: Lopes Ana , Alonso-García Montserrat , Salgueiro Emília , Rodrigues Teresa , Padilha Mária , Voelker Antje , Abrantes Fátima
Published: July 2022

Sensitive areas, like those of the upwelling systems, which are responsible for high ecological diversity, fisheries resources and air-sea CO2 exchanges are threatened by climate warming, and therefore, it is crucial to understand how they behaved in past warm climates. The Iberian margin upwelling system corresponds to the northern branch of the Canary Eastern Boundary Upwelling System. At the present, seasonal upwelling of cold and nutrient-rich waters makes the margin highly productive, being responsible for the high ecological biodiversity richness in the area. Despite of its enormous ecological and social importance, the knowledge on how the upwelling system worked in the past is still limited, particularly for periods older than 900 ka. 

In this work, we focused on the reconstruction of surface water conditions during the Late Pliocene, a period characterized by warm temperatures and high atmospheric CO2 concentration and considered as a unique analogue for future climate conditions. We studied sediments from IODP Site U1391 (37°21.5′N; 9°24.6′W, 1085 m water depth), recovered at the Southwest Iberian margin during Expedition 339, which provided for the first time, an almost continuous marine record of the SW Iberian margin dating back to the Pliocene. Surface water conditions have been reconstructed using planktonic foraminifer faunas and lipid biomarker concentrations across Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) G12 to G3 (2.84 to 2.66 Ma). The planktonic foraminifer results are being compared to the alkenone derived sea-surface temperature (SST), and the total alkenone concentration (reflecting coccolithophore productivity) records of Site U1391 in order to get a comprehensive interpretation of changes in sea surface productivity, seasonality and ecological diversity.

 
Global Synchrony Of Late Pliocene Sea Surface Temperature Variations
Authors: Herbert Tim , Caballero-Gill Rocio , Dowsett Harry
Published: July 2022

As we move beyond assessing Pliocene temperature patterns over broad time intervals (e.g. Piacenzian Warm Period), interesting questions arise as to the variability of temperatures on orbital time scales.   Did the absence of large northern hemisphere ice-albedo feedbacks lead to greatly reduced temperature variations in comparison to the Pleistocene? And would temperature variations be heterogenous regionally,  reflecting the influence of  local insolation anomalies, in contrast to the globally coordinated Pleistocene changes in temperature? We report here orbitally resolved late Pliocene (3.6-2.6 Ma) SST measurements in all ocean basins using the alkenone method.  Sites were selected based on high quality stable isotope data and/or paleomagnetic age control.  SST time series demonstrate that, to first order, ocean surface temperature changes fluctuated synchronously between high and low latitudes, and between the hemispheres.  An obliquity-related signal dominates, but  time series analysis indicates a substantial contribution from precession as well.  In the absence of a strong ice-albedo feedback in the late Pliocene, the evidence thus suggests a dominant role for greenhouse gas forcing of orbital-scale changes in temperature.
Palaeocloud for the Pliocene
Authors: Fletcher Tamara , Tindall Julia , Haywood Alan
Published: July 2022

Cloud has profound impacts on climate, thus accurate cloud simulation is critical for accurate climate modelling. As the greatest source of uncertainty in such models, cloud drives discrepancies in the prediction of future climate. Cloud simulations are validated against recent observations; however, these records do not capture the climate space we are entering this century, limiting our ability to test model accuracy under near future conditions.

The best analogue for the 21st Century climate trajectory comes from the Pliocene. Reconstructions of Pliocene cloud regimes would provide critical validation data for climate model performance with respect to cloud. However, despite the wealth ways to reconstruct other climate variables, no method has been developed for reconstructing cloud in the distant past.

The aim of my current work is to develop proxies capable of reconstructing past cloud, with the ultimate goal of establishing a global cloud database for the Pliocene. I will be presenting preliminary results that demonstrate the relationship between vegetation and large-scale patterns in cloud – a first step to a novel terrestrial cloud proxy.
Scientific Outcomes of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project: An Overview 
Authors: Haywood Alan
Published: July 2022

Since 2008 PlioMIP participants have fundamentally transformed our understanding of Pliocene climates and environments. In this presentation we will review some of the most significant highlights and milestones of PlioMIP, including our changing appreciation of large-scale climate features, meridional and zonal temperature gradients, atmospheric and oceanic circulation, polar amplification, and monsoon behaviour. We will examine recent studies that have sought to better understand climate and environmental feedbacks in a warmer world, as well as quantifying Climate Sensitivity. These achievements will be placed into the broader context of Pliocene climate and environmental literature in order to help identify significant scientific challenges and opportunities which remain to be explored.
Evolution of the tropical Pacific oxygen minimum zone during the Miocene-Pliocene from model simulations: A role of the Panama Isthmus closure 
Authors: Khon Viacheslav , Hoogakker Babette , Schneider Birgit , Segschneider Joachim , Park Wonsun
Published: July 2022

The world’s largest oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) resides in the eastern tropical Pacific where a poor oceanic ventilation and high biological production are both favourable for ocean oxygen deficiency in this area. The modern continental configuration with the Panamanian isthmus prevents the Pacific-Atlantic water mass exchange, shaping the climate and marine biogeochemistry features in this region. Therefore, a tectonic transition from the open to closed Central American Seaway (CAS) during the middle Miocene to middle Pliocene (~16-3 Ma BP) can be considered as a key time interval for the development of the tropical Pacific OMZ. This study aims at investigating an impact of the Pliocene CAS closure on a large-scale ocean circulation and its role for emergence of the modern tropical Pacific OMZ. To this end, we employ the global climate model KCM in combination with biogeochemical model PISCES.

According to our experiments, the Pliocene CAS closure has led to a termination of fresh-water supply from the Pacific to the North Atlantic and therefore to intensification of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. This result is supported by many previous modelling studies. It was also found that the open CAS is associated with large-scale eastward subsurface flow in the eastern tropical Pacific thereby enhancing water mass ventilation in this area. This, in turn, leads to an increase in marine oxygen concentration in the eastern tropical Pacific during the Miocene.

A biological production is another important factor affecting the OMZ maintenance. Here we show that the CAS opening is associated with the export of nutrients from the Pacific towards the Atlantic. This, in turn, leads to a reduced net primary production (NPP) in the eastern tropical Pacific and, therefore, to lower oxygen consumption in this region. Both altered NPP and ocean ventilation contribute effectively to the OMZ development in the eastern tropical Pacific for the modern continental configuration.
The three-dimensional structure of fronts in mid-latitude weather systems as represented by numerical weather prediction models
Authors: Beckert Andreas Alexander , Eisenstein Lea , Oertel Annika , Hewson Timothy , Craig George C. , Rautenhaus Marc
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric fronts are a widely used conceptual model in meteorology, most encountered as two-dimensional (2-D) front lines on surface analysis charts. The three-dimensional (3-D) dynamical structure of fronts has been studied in the literature by means of “standard” 2-D maps and cross-sections and is commonly sketched in 3-D illustrations of idealized weather systems in atmospheric science textbooks. However, only recently the feasibility of objective detection and visual analysis of 3-D frontal structures and their dynamics within numerical weather prediction (NWP) data has been proposed, and such approaches are not yet widely known in the atmospheric science community. In this article, we investigate the benefit of objective 3-D front detection for case studies of extratropical cyclones and for comparison of frontal structures between different NWP models. We build on a recent gradient-based detection approach, combined with modern 3-D interactive visual analysis techniques, and adapt it to handle data from state-of-the-art NWP models including those run at convection-permitting kilometer-scale resolution. The parameters of the detection method (including data smoothing and threshold parameters) are evaluated to yield physically meaningful structures. We illustrate the benefit of the method by presenting two case studies of frontal dynamics within mid-latitude cyclones. Examples include joint interactive visual analysis of 3-D fronts and warm conveyor belt (WCB) trajectories, and identification of the 3-D frontal structures characterising the different stages of a Shapiro-Keyser cyclogenesis event. The 3-D frontal structures show agreement with 2-D fronts from surface analysis charts and augment the surface charts by providing additional pertinent information in the vertical dimension. A second application illustrates the effect of convection on 3-D cold front structure by comparing data from simulations with parameterised and explicit convection and shows that convection could strengthen the cold front. Finally, we consider “secondary fronts” that commonly appear in UK Met Office surface analysis charts. Examination of a case study shows that for this event the secondary front is not a temperature-based but purely a humidity-based feature. We argue that the presented approach has great potential to be beneficial for more complex studies of atmospheric dynamics and for operational weather forecasting.
Adjusted spectral correction method for calculating extreme winds in tropical cyclone affected water areas
Authors: Larsén Xiaoli , Ott Søren
Published: July 2022

Abstract. A method is developed to calculate the extreme wind for tropical cyclone affected water areas. The method is based on the spectral correction method by Larsén et al. (2012) in connection with the use of numerically modeled data, where an enhancement coefficient is derived as a function of wind speed to reflect the large wind fluctuation during tropical cyclones. This is done through calibration with the estimates from Ott (2005) who used the best track data and Holland model to estimate the extreme wind over the Typhoon affected area in the western North Pacific. The method is applied in the current study to three regions where the 50-year winds with an effective temporal resolution of 10 minutes are obtained at 10 m, 50 m, 100 m and 150 m. The results are in agreement with Ott (2005) over their study domain, though with much more spatial details of the extreme wind distribution.
Letter to Richard Ohmann & His Reply
Authors: Ohmann Richard , Yelin Louise , O'Malley Susan , Leder Sharon , Jansen Reamy
Published: July 2022

I appreciate your questions, and the criticism they carry. It must be rare for someone who writes a political book (English in America: A Radical View of the Profession) to have a chance to discuss its argument and reception with those who share its aims, and whose criticism comes out of comradeship and struggle rather than the wish to score debating points or advance a career or defend a position. I'll try to reply in the same spirit.
Reflections on Class and Language
Authors: Ohmann Richard
Published: July 2022

In the fall of 1978 I was consultant to a video project called "The Unemployment Tapes," designed to explore through talks with local people the human costs, the causes, and the possible cures of unemployment in an old industrial area of Connecticut. At the time, I was also reading and thinking about class, language, and the theories of Basil Bernstein. I began to notice in the taped interviews a close correspondence to Bernstein's cen­tral distinction between "restricted" and "elaborated" codes: almost all the peo­ple interviewed on the streets spoke in the restricted code that Bernstein attrib­utes to the working class, while managers and officials used the elaborated code of what Bernstein calls the "middle class." . . . The power relations of a society permeate speech and shape it, while speech reproduces or challenges the pow­er relations of the society. The way we talk is not just an artifact of class, any more than class is an artifact of the ways we talk. Speech takes place in society, but society also takes place "in" speech. The point is well illustrated, I believe, by what happened in those two interviews. A Bernsteinian explanation of their con­trasts badly misrepresents the social forces at work in them, assigning to static "class," differences in speech that ex­press dynamic and changeable power relations. . . . Movements toward worker self-management, co-ops, progressive credit unions, consumer movements, union organizing, populist movements of many kinds, are all fertile soil in which elaborated codes (put to better use than by the mayor, I hope) may grow along with the habit of democracy.
College for Dollars?
Authors: Ohmann Richard
Published: July 2022

There are signs of these times at non-profits, too: Clarkson University has established scholarships for freshmen entrepreneurs--free tuition, but Clarkson gets a percentage of any profits the start-up companies may later achieve. Washington State has created an Opportunity Scholarship Program, funded partly by the State and partly by corporate donors; Boeing and Microsoft kick-started it with $25million each. Since Reagan's time, federal support for funding of K-12 schools has been ritually linked to the premise that it is good for (a) individual economic success, (b) the competitiveness of U.S. corporations, and (c) an ever-rising GDP. [...] When I did the college tour with my granddaughter two years ago, only one of the expensive and hard-to-get-into schools on her itinerary included in its admissions office pitch any reason for going to X other than, basically, "you can get anything you want, here"--an upscale version of education as a commodity, omitting scary references to the tough world in which good jobs are hard to find, maybe impossible even with a degree from X. One college said it was for peace and justice.
Tributes to Dick Ohmann: Special Session, Modern Language Association, January 7, 2022
Authors: Chinn Sarah , Entin Joseph , Foley Barbara , Keeton Pat , Lauter Paul , O'Malley Susan , Schrecker Ellen
Published: July 2022

Seven friends and colleagues remember Richard Ohmann.
The Lost Promise: American Universities in the 1960s
Authors: Miller Bill
Published: July 2022

Review of The Lost Promise: American Universities in the 1960s, by Ellen Schrecker.
Quiet Wisdom
Authors: Paschold Tansy Julie Soaring Eagle
Published: July 2022

Poetry
The Brazilian domestic regulation of arbitration by Public Administration: a comparative and critical approach.
Authors: Oliveira Rafael , Souza Lucas
Published: July 2022

This article addresses the relevant aspects of the arbitration standards that Public Administration entities have been edited. Due to its nature as a general law, Federal Arbitration Law allows public entities that wish to use this institute the specific treatment of concepts and criteria according to their particularities. Under a constitutional, historical and comparative analysis, we discuss the importance of such regulations for the consecration of legal certainty in applying arbitration by the Public Power.
The Singapore Convention in the Framework of the Investor-State Dispute Settlement System
Authors: Cometti Anna , Moschen Valesca
Published: July 2022

The aim of the present contribution is to analyse the plausibility of the extension of the scope of the Singapore Convention on Mediation to include settlement agreements arising out of investor-State mediation. To this end, the paper firstly approaches the ISDS crisis jointly with the UNCITRAL Working Group III reform proposals. Secondly, analyses the use of mediation in the scope of investor-State disputes and the rise of the Singapore Convention on mediation. Finally, argues for the applicability of the Convention to the context of ISDS. In addition, this work comprises the hypothetical-deductive methodology through the analysis of normative texts, cases and international instruments
Alternative ways of resolving shareholder disputes in property relations in Ukraine and the EU
Authors: Derevyanko Bogdan , Selikhov Dmytro , Armash Nadiia , Severinova Oleksandra , Orlova Iryna
Published: July 2022

In the conditions of a war caused by the invasion of Russian troops on the territory of Ukraine in February 2022, an unstable exchange rate of the dollar and euro, the suspension of various structures. After such a full-scale invasion, Ukraine will need more than a decade to restore the economy. All business entities must work and ensure economic recovery. For the proper functioning of joint-stock companies, it is necessary that their activities are not hindered by the delayed resolution of disputes in court. It is necessary to settle disputes that arise in joint-stock companies using alternative
Prior Corporate Insolvency System - previous mediation and conciliation
Authors: Schmidt Gustavo , Bumachar Juliana
Published: July 2022

This paper addresses, from a theoretical and dogmatic perspective, the new legal doctrine applicable to previous mediation and conciliation in the reorganization of companies in difficulty. The central argument is that mediation (and all other non-adversarial methods of conflicts) can contribute significantly to making recovery plans more transparent. Therefore it allows for realistic and sustainable reorganizations plans, adapts to the interests of creditors and the company, and increases the commitment of all stakeholders to the company's recovery. Keywords: mediation; conciliation; alternative dispute resolution. company reorganization; Act nº 14.112/2020.
Narrar en audiovisual: Perspectivas de víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia sobre el proceso de realización audiovisual
Authors: Patiño-Ospina Sandra Carolina , Zabala-Sandoval Juan David , García-Pachón Viviam Andrea , Tovar-Guerra Claudia , Rodríguez-Pérez Carlos , Brand-Narváez Miguel Ángel , Forero-Machado Sergio Andrés , Alba-Sanabria Beatriz Helena
Published: July 2022

En Colombia, el audiovisual se ha consolidado como una herramienta relevante para la construcción de memoria histórica y la documentación de historias de los actores en el marco del conflicto armado. Dada su importancia, el presente artículo busca evidenciar aportes para pensar en formas sensibles de trabajo en productos audiovisuales y su posible articulación con acciones psicosociales a partir de las perspectivas y las experiencias de víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano con experiencia en procesos de realización audiovisual. Para ello se realizaron grupos de discusión con víctimas que tuvieran alguna experiencia en procesos de realización audiovisual. Los resultados apuntan a dos tópicos generales, el primero discute la naturaleza del audiovisual como intervención psicosocial, por lo que debe contar con los cuidados correspondientes. El segundo tópico tiene que ver con el acto de narrar y tiene en cuenta los efectos sobre la víctima que narra su historia en voz alta generando un doble sentimiento de confianza y alivio; a la vez que pone en relieve el papel del audiovisual como artefacto de memoria y la posibilidad de despertar sentimientos de empatía y compromiso en la audiencia, con la esperanza de contribuir a la no repetición de los hechos victimizantes.
La fotografía y el fotomontaje constructivista ruso, sus consideraciones e influencias en el estudio de la fotografía actual
Authors: Finelli Renata Carla
Published: July 2022

El artículo propone repensar la ontología fotográfica a partir de las imágenes y teorías fotográficas delConstructivismo ruso. La hipótesis principal sostiene que el Constructivismo entendió la imagen fotográfica como unproceso con múltiples posibilidades técnicas, entre ellas, la posibilidad de ligar lo real y lo ficcional. Esta concepciónpermite ampliar el campo de estudio de la ontología fotográfica actual y reflexionar sobre la fotografía desde unaperspectiva poco explorada, como práctica. El artículo está dividido en tres secciones. En la primera, se muestran laslimitaciones teóricas y contextuales de algunas investigaciones sobre el Constructivismo. En la segunda, se expone lareconceptualización de la fotografía que hicieron los constructivistas dada la revalorización artística y de la técnica defines de siglo XIX y comienzo de siglo XX. En la tercera sección, se explica por qué las teorías ontológicas de losaños ochenta no alcanzan a definir la fotografía y por qué el estudio de la fotografía constructivista podría colaboraren su estudio.
Lacalzada de Mateo, María José (2021). Resonando la voz de Concepción Arenal: Derechos Humanos y Justicia Social. Claves y Apuntes para el siglo XXI. Madrid: Paraninfo - Consejo General del Trabajo Social. 197 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1366-107-0
Authors: Idareta Goldaracena Francisco
Published: July 2022

Reseña crítica del libro de María José Lacalzada Resonando la voz de Concepción Arenal: Derechos Humanos y Justicia Social. Claves y Apuntes para el siglo XXI. Madrid: Paraninfo - Consejo General del Trabajo Social. 197 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1366-107-0