bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological functioning following surgery for pediatric low-grade glioma: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Heitzer Andrew M. , Raghubar Kimberly , Ris M. Douglas , Minard Charles G. , Gragert Marsha N. , Stancel Heather H. , Orobio Jessica , Xue Judy , Whitehead William , Okcu M. Fatih , Chintagumpala Murali , Kahalley Lisa S.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

High survival rates have led to an increased emphasis on the functional outcomes of children diagnosed with low-grade glioma. Most outcomes research has focused on risks associated with radiotherapy, but less is known about neuropsychological risks for patients treated with surgery alone. Here, the authors sought to examine the neuropsychological trajectories of children diagnosed with a low-grade glioma and monitored up to 6 years postsurgery. Secondarily, they explored demographic and clinical predictors of neuropsychological performance.

METHODS

The neuropsychological functioning of 32 patients (median age at diagnosis 10.0 years) was prospectively assessed annually for up to 6 years after surgery (median days from surgery at baseline = 72). Tumor location was predominately supratentorial (65.6%). A combination of performance-based and parent-reported measures was used to assess intelligence, memory, executive functioning, and fine motor control in all patients.

RESULTS

Binomial tests at the postoperative baseline revealed that the proportion of children falling below the average range (< 16th percentile) was significantly higher than the rate expected among healthy peers on measures of verbal memory, processing speed, executive functioning, and fine motor control (p < 0.05). Even so, linear mixed models indicated that neuropsychological functioning at the postoperative baseline did not significantly change over time for up to 6 years after surgery across all domains. A larger tumor size was associated with a slower reaction time (p < 0.01). A supratentorial tumor location and history of seizures were associated with more parent-reported executive difficulties (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

While radiotherapy is a known risk factor for neuropsychological deficits in pediatric brain tumor patients, findings in this study indicate that children treated for low-grade glioma with surgery alone (without radiotherapy or chemotherapy) remain susceptible to difficulties with memory, executive functioning, and motor functioning that persist over time. Over half of the children in the study sample required school support services to address neuropsychological weaknesses. Although low-grade glioma is often conceptualized as a benign tumor, children treated for this lesion require ongoing monitoring and intervention to address neuropsychological weaknesses resulting from the tumor itself as well as the surgery.
Reducing opioid usage: a pilot study comparing postoperative selective dorsal rhizotomy protocols
Authors: Pao Ludovic P. , Zhu Liang , Tariq Sarah , Hill Christine A. , Yu Bangning , Kendrick Mariana , Jungman Magdalena , Miesner Emilie L. , Mundluru Surya N. , Hall Stacey L. , Bosques Glendaliz , Thakur Nivedita , Shah Manish N.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a surgical procedure used to treat spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Currently, there is a lack of work examining the efficacy of optimizing pain management protocols after single-level laminectomy for SDR. This pilot study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of SDR completed with a traditional pain management protocol versus one designed for opioid dosage reduction.

METHODS

The Texas Comprehensive Spasticity Center prospective database was queried for all patients who underwent SDR between 2015 and 2018. Demographic, surgical, and postoperative data for all patients who underwent SDR were collected from medical records. The study was designed as a retrospective study between the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and dexmedetomidine infusion (INF) groups with 80% power to detect a 50% difference at a significance level of 0.05. Patients in the INF group received perioperative gabapentin, intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion, and scheduled acetaminophen and NSAIDs postoperatively.

RESULTS

Medication administration records, pain scores, and therapy notes were collected for 30 patients. Patients who underwent SDR between June 2015 and the end of December 2017 received traditional pain management (PCA group, n = 14). Patients who underwent SDR between January 2018 and the end of December 2018 received modified pain management (INF group, n = 16). No patients were lost to follow-up. Differences in age, weight, height, preoperative Gross Motor Function Classification System scores, operative duration, hospital length of stay, and sex distribution were not statistically different between the 2 groups (p > 0.05). Analysis of analgesic medication doses demonstrated that the INF group required fewer doses and lower amounts of opioids overall, and also fewer NSAIDs than the PCA group. When converted to the morphine milligram equivalent, the patients in the INF group used fewer doses and lower amounts of opioids overall than the PCA group. These differences were either statistically significant (p < 0.05) or trending toward significance (p < 0.10). Both groups participated in physical and occupational therapy similarly postoperatively (p > 0.05). Pain scores were comparable between the groups (p > 0.05) despite patients in the INF group requiring fewer opioids.

CONCLUSIONS

Infusion with dexmedetomidine during SDR surgery combined with perioperative gabapentin and scheduled acetaminophen and NSAIDs postoperatively resulted in similar pain scores to traditional pain management with opioids. In addition, this pilot study demonstrated that patients who received the INF pain management protocol required reduced opioid dosages and were able to participate in therapy similarly to the control PCA group.
Syringomyelia in children with closed spinal dysraphism: long-term outcomes after surgical intervention
Authors: Bruzek Amy K. , Starr Jordan , Garton Hugh J. L. , Muraszko Karin M. , Maher Cormac O. , Strahle Jennifer M.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

The nature of the relationship between spinal cord syrinx and tethered cord is not well known. It is unclear if surgical cord untethering results in resolution or improvement of an associated syrinx. The objective of this study was to report the response of spinal cord syrinx to surgical cord untethering.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed all patients with a syrinx and tethered cord who presented to a single institution over an 11-year interval. Patients with open neural tube defects were excluded. Thirty-one patients were identified, 25 of whom had both clinical and imaging follow-up after surgery. Patients were grouped according to etiology of the tethered cord. Clinical outcomes and syrinx characteristics were recorded.

RESULTS

Of the 25 patients with tethered cord, 68% (n = 17) were male. The average age at presentation was 2.5 years (0–10.1 years) and age at surgery was 3.7 years (range 1 day to 17 years). Etiologies of tethered cord were lipomyelomeningocele (n = 8), thickened/fatty filum (n = 7), intradural lipoma (n = 5), myelocystocele (n = 2), meningocele (n = 2), and diastematomyelia (n = 1). Twenty-three of the patients underwent primary untethering, whereas 2 patients had received untethering previously at another institution. The average syrinx length and width prior to surgery were 4.81 vertebral levels (SD 4.35) and 5.19 mm (SD 2.55 mm), respectively. Conus level ranged from L1 to S3. Patients were followed for an average of 8.4 years (1.35–15.85 years). Overall there was no significant change in syrinx length or width postoperatively; the average syrinx length increased by 0.86 vertebral levels (SD 4.36) and width decreased by 0.72 mm (SD 2.94 mm). Seven of 25 patients had improvement in at least one presenting symptom, including scoliosis, weakness, bowel/bladder dysfunction, and pain. Eight patients had stable presenting symptoms. Six patients were asymptomatic and 5 patients had new or worsening symptoms, which included scoliosis, pain, or sensory changes.

CONCLUSIONS

Although some syrinxes improved after surgery for tethered cord, radiological improvement was not consistent and did not appear to be associated with change in clinical symptoms. The decision to surgically untether a cord should be focused on the clinical symptoms and not the presence of a syrinx alone. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Effect of concentrated Kurozu, a traditional Japanese vinegar, on expression of hepatic miR-34a, -149-3p, and -181a-5p in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Shibayama Yoshihiko
Published: January 2020

Background: Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, which can induce obesity, can also induce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver tumorigenesis. A previous study reported that concentrated Kurozu (CK) supplementation reduced the incidence of HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. It was showed that CK supplementation improved dyslipidemia in animal and clinical study. Small noncoding RNAs, micro RNAs (miRs), play crucial roles in the biology of cell functions, lipid metabolism and neoplasms. However, the effect of CK treatment on the relationship between HFD and expression of miRs is unclear.Objective: To evaluate changes in the expression of hepatic miRs and lipid metabolism- associated genes on administering a HFD for 60 weeks in C57BL6J mice. The onset of hepatic steatosis induced by HFD treatment was also observed.Methods: The mice received a HFD, HFD with CK, or standard diet (SD) for 60 consecutive weeks. The effect of CK treatment on the expression levels of lipid metabolism-associated genes in the liver was evaluated.Results: HFD feeding significantly increased expression of Tnf, and significantly decreased Adipoq and Mlxipl in the liver. The ingestion of CK elevated the expression levels of Pgc-1α and Igfbp1 in the liver compared with the SD group. HFD feeding significantly increased the expression of miR-488-5p, and significantly decreased miR-29b and -122a-5p in the liver. The ingestion of CK elevated the expression levels of miR-34a, -149-3p, and -181a-5p in the liver compared with the SD group. Expression levels of miR-488-3p in the serum HFD group were significantly higher than in the SD group. The ingestion of CK elevated the expression levels of miR-181a-5p in the serum compared with the SD group.Conclusion: These results suggest that CK supplementation reduced the onset of hepatic hyperplasia, and increased hepatic miR-34a, -149-3p, and -181a-5p. These miRs may function as suppressors of tumors caused by HFD feeding.Key Words:  High-fat diet, carcinogenesis, Kurozu, microRNA, miR-34a, miR-122a-5p, miR-149, miR-181a, miR-488
Factors influencing study of physiotherapy and preferred choice of specialisation among final year physiotherapy students in Nigeria
Authors: FABUNMİ Ayodeji , ADEBAJO Babafemi , AKİNOLA Theresa
Published: January 2020

Introduction:
Over the years
increasing number of students are seeking admission to study Physiotherapy in
the universities leading to increased preference for specialisation as compared
with general practice. This aim of this study was to identify factors
influencing the study of physiotherapy and preferred choice of specialisation.

Material and Method: The research was a
cross-sectional survey involving final year physiotherapy students in three
training institutions in South-West, Nigeria. The questionnaire is in three sections
(section A sought responses on Socio-demographic characteristics, section B on factors
influencing the study of Physiotherapy and section C on preferred choice of
specialization). Content validation was carried out to eliminate ambiguity and
ensure that all items of the questionnaire are relevant and well understood. Descriptive
statistics of percentages, bar chart and mean was used to summarize data on
age, factors influencing study of physiotherapy, the level of influence of each
factor on preferred specialization areas of each participant and the factors
influencing the choice of specialization.

Result: There was a response rate of 72.2%
and mean age was 22.69±2.32 years. Out of the eight factors influencing study
of physiotherapy, ‘Desire to help people optimise their physical health and ‘Personal
interest’ had the greatest influence with mean scores of 3.24 and 3.18 respectively.
Ninety-eight participants (94.26%) were interested in pursuing postgraduate
specialization in Physiotherapy. Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal physiotherapy
is the most preferred specialization while Geriatrics is the least preferred
specialization. Male students have preference for Sports while female have
preference for Paediatric specialty.

Conclusion: Exposure to specialties in
Physiotherapy like Geriatrics and Cardio-pulmonary may help improve interest in
those areas and hence increased preference for those specialties.
Prior breastfeeding experience and infant feeding at discharge among women with pregestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Cordero L. , Stenger M.R. , Blaney S.D. , Finneran M.M. , Nankervis C.A.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE: To compare multiparous women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) with and without prior breastfeeding (BF) experience and to ascertain their infants’ feeding type during hospitalization and at discharge. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 304 women with PGDM who delivered at ≥34 weeks gestational age (GA). Prior BF experience and infant feeding preference was declared prenatally. At discharge, BF was defined as exclusive or partial. RESULTS: BF experience and no experience groups were similar in diabetes type 1 and 2, race and number of pregnancies. Women with no experience had more spontaneous abortions (35 vs 27%), fewer term deliveries (51 vs 61%) and living children (median 1 vs 2). In the current pregnancy, mode of delivery: vaginal (36 & 37%), cesarean (64 & 63%), birthweight (3592 & 3515 g), GA (38 & 37 w), NICU admission (14 & 11%) and hypoglycemia (44 & 43%) were similar. Women with experience intended to BF (79 vs 46%), their infants’ first feeding was BF (64 vs 36%) and had lactation consults (96 vs 63%) more often than those without experience. At discharge, women with BF experience were different in rate of exclusive BF (33 vs 11%), partial BF (48 vs 25%) and formula feeding (19 vs 64%). CONCLUSION: Prior BF experience leads to better BF initiation rates while the absence of BF experience adds a risk for BF initiation failure. A detailed BF history could provide insight into obstacles that lead to unsuccessful BF experiences and may help define appropriate preventive or corrective strategies.
Impacts of a Mindful Eating Intervention on Healthy Food-related Behaviors and Mindful Eating Practices among Elementary School Children
Authors: Pierson Shannon , Goto Keiko , Giampaoli Joan , Hart Shelly , Wylie Alyson
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose: Mindful eating approaches encourage paying purposeful attention on purpose to body sensations, thoughts and emotions related to food and eating. The current study examined the impact of Foodie U, a mindful-eating intervention, among elementary school children and their families. Methods: A total of 178 third- through fifth grade children and their parents in rural northern California participated in Foodie U. The quasi-experimental intervention included two parent workshops, six monthly in-class mindful eating lessons and activities, and mindful eating activities to complete at home. Outcomes included food consumption, mindful-eating practices, emotional eating, and cue-elicited food craving among children. Results: T-tests and linear regression results revealed that students who received the intervention reported significantly less intense craving responses, especially among female and Hispanic students. The impact of the intervention on food craving was significant after controlling for gender and ethnicity. Fruit consumption significantly increased among intervention students. The mindful eating awareness score significantly increased among female intervention students. Conclusions: Foodie U had a positive impact on some food-related behaviors among elementary school-aged students. Further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of each element of the intervention.
PENERAPAN PSAK NO 14 ATAS PERSEDIAAN BARANG DAGANG (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. ASIA TENGGARA MURNI)
Authors: Palar Royke , Pontoh Winston , Pinatik Sherly
Published: January 2020

Inventories are an important active on a trading company, because it is one of component that is very active. A company in its day to day normal activities will prioritize the conversion of inventories to cash, and also to obtain profit from the margin between Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) and the product selling price. It should be known that inventories are vulnerable to product faults and thievery, damaged in store, invalid entries, invalid demand registries, items that does not match the order and other possibilities that may cause a difference on inventories on the ledger and the actual inventories on the warehouse. One to its importance, inventories has to be managed properly in accordance with the Accounting Standard that is implemented in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to know whether or not the implementation of Inventories Accounting in PT. Asia Tenggara Murni are being implemented in accordance with PSAK 14, using descriptive analysis method, the research shows that the inventories Accounting method in PT. Asia Tenggara Murni has been implemented in accordance with PSAK No.14 which consists of recording, appraising, and full disclosure of inventories.
MANAGEMENT OF BLADDER STONE WITH HOLMIUM-YAG LASER AT KARDINAH HOSPITAL TEGAL
Authors: Abshari Fatan , Ali Zulfikar
Published: January 2020

Objective: Transurethral lithotripsy using Holmium-YAG laser has been reported to be beneficial in breaking up bladder stones with large size (>4cm in diameter) with lower risk of mucosal injury and hematuria. The aim of this study is to evaluate the utilization of Holmium-YAG laser for the management of bladder stones at Kardinah General Hospital, Tegal. Material & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to March 2017. Patient’s demography, which included age, sex, length of surgery, stone size, and laser’s energy count were recorded. Results: We included 120 patients in this study. Mean of patients age in this study was 51.93 years old with age range were 41-85 years old. Most of the patients were male (109 vs 11) with a mean size of stone 25.09 ± 3.04 mm. Length of surgery ranges from 15 to 75 minutes and mean energy of the laser 28.99 ± 19.34 kJ. There was 100% stone’s clearance following surgery with no major complication occurred. Conclusion: Holmium-YAG laser is effective in managing bladder stones at Kardinah General Hospital particularly for large size stones. Length of surgery and energy of laser used depend on the stone size in which bigger stone size is associated with longer surgery time and bigger laser energy needed.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ КУРСАНТІВ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ З УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОВСЯКДЕННОЮ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ
Authors: Романюк Віктор , Стародубцев Сергій , Лазутський Анатолій
Published: January 2020

Сьогодні значно зростає роль правильно та чітко організованого управління військами як основи підтримки їх постійної бойової готовності. Оскільки відповідальність за ухвалення правильного і обґрунтованого рішення несе командир, безумовно, зростають вимоги до рівня його підготовки. Стан боєздатності підрозділу переважно залежить від особистих якостей командира, тобто від того, наскільки швидко він, приступаючи до виконання службових обов’язків, виробить систему власної організаторської діяльності.У той же час система військової освіти ще повільно адаптується до сучасних вимог, програми підготовки у військових навчальних закладах не охоплюють усього комплексу питань, з якими доводиться стикатися командирові в повсякденній практиці. Не допустити зниження бойової готовності, допомогти керівникам з найбільшою ефективністю організувати свою роботу і роботу підпорядкованих підрозділів покликана добре налагоджена система управління повсякденною діяльністю військ.
LA INFRAESTRUCTURA VERDE COMO ESTRATEGIA DE TRANSFORMACIÓN HACIA EL URBANISMO SUSTENTABLE
Authors: Arias Orozco Silvia ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: January 2020

Los elementos que conforman el crecimiento urbano sobre el territorio representan un impacto, generado de la relación que existe entre el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales y las acciones que los usuarios realizan sobre el paisaje natural. Lo cual genera una serie de cambios sobre la explotación del territorio, de carácter socioeconómico, que contribuye a la degradación del medio ambiente natural y urbano. Es necesario plantear formas diferentes de entender las ciudades y sus áreas naturales adyacentes; que se basen en acercamientos sistémicos y holísticos, con los que sea factible identificar y entender las diversas interacciones entre los elementos naturales, sociales, económicos y culturales a diferentes escalas en tiempo y espacio. La urbanización ha causado profundos cambios debido al modo en que el ser humano se relaciona con su ambiente. Las ciudades han evolucionado y transformado estructural y funcionalmente con resultados no esperados, que se manifiestan en los altos niveles de segregación social y fragmentación espacial.
The Implementation of Nonprofit Principles toward Foundation Property Management
Authors: Subiyanto Desi , Sudarwanto Albertus Sentot
Published: January 2020

Foundation as a legal entity means that foundation as a legal subject has a property that is separated by civil law so that the foundation property is useful to achieve the goals and objectives of the foundation and not for profit. The nonprofit principle means that the existing capital is not processed for profit, but rather activities that benefit the community. Foundation property, whether in the form of money, goods or other properties obtained by a foundation under the Foundation Law, is prohibited from being transferred or distributed directly in the form of salaries, wages, or honoraria or other forms that can be valued in cash with Governing Board, Executive Board, and Supervisory Board. The implementation of the foundation’s principles in managing the foundation property must be adjusted to the condition of the foundation set out in the Statutes and Bylaws based on the foundation's principles which are Transparency, Accountability, and Publicity.
"LION'S PLOT" (1924) IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN ASSOCIATION OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
Authors: FINOGENOV OLEH
Published: January 2020

This article deals with activities of the Western Ukrainian Association of the League of Nations (ZUTLN) at the Lyon Congress of the Union of Societies of the League of Nations (STLN) within the context of international relations of the first half of the 1920s. In 1922 ZUTLN became a full member of STLN, but the decision of the Council of Ambassadors of the Entente states (1923) to include the territory of Eastern Galicia in the Second Commonwealth prevented further membership in the union. It is noted that before the ZUTLN delegation departed to France, it had had a general meeting, which summarized the activities of the association during the previous years and approved the strategy and tactics of actions at the next STLN congress in Lyon. For the first time in Ukrainian and foreign historiography, this paper highlights in detail the achievements and blunders of Ukrainians at the Lyon Conference, the circle of ZUTLN supporters among other societies, the course of discussions with the participation of Ukrainian delegates, the requirements of the members, the reaction of the Galician politicians on the final outcomes of the conference and the activities of Ukrainian representatives at the international forum. The author has shown that in the current socio-political discourse, the activities of the Galician delegation, headed by R. Perfetskyi, were evaluated mostly negatively because of the so-called "Galician separatism" and the lack of constructive dialogue with a similar Dnieper society. Afterward, the ZUTLN representatives made unsuccessful attempts to resume their activities at the STLN: their advocacy work was limited to sending complaints, letters to STLN governing bodies and publishing anti-Polish materials by ZUTLN members in leading Ukrainian and foreign periodicals.
Keywords: Lyon Conference, ZUTLN, League of Nations, Eastern Galicia, Poland.
Emotional Cognitivism without Representationalism
Authors: Beisecker Dave
Published: January 2020

In Knowing Emotions, Rick Anthony Furtak seeks an account that does justice to both the cognitive and corporeal dimensions of our emotional lives. Concerning the latter dimension, he holds that emotions serve to represent axiological features of the world. Against such a representationalist picture, I shall suggest an alternative way to understand how our emotions gear in with the rest of our cognitive states.
Preejection Period as a Sympathetic Activity Index: a Role of Confounding Factors
Authors: KROHOVA J. , CZIPPELOVA B. , TURIANIKOVA Z. , LAZAROVA Z. , TONHAJZEROVA I. , JAVORKA M.
Published: January 2020

In previous studies, one of the systolic time intervals – preejection period (PEP) – was used as an index of sympathetic activity reflecting the cardiac contractility. However, PEP could be also influenced by several other cardiovascular variables including preload, afterload and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The aim of this study was to assess the behavior of the PEP together with other potentially confounding cardiovascular system characteristics in healthy humans during mental and orthostatic stress (head-up tilt test – HUT). Forty-nine healthy volunteers (28 females, 21 males, mean age 18.6 years (SD=1.8 years)) participated in the study. We recorded finger arterial blood pressure by volume-clamp method (Finometer Pro, FMS, Netherlands), PEP, thoracic fluid content (TFC) – a measure of preload, and cardiac output (CO) by impedance cardiography (CardioScreen® 2000, Medis, Germany). Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) – a measure of afterload – was calculated as a ratio of mean arterial pressure and CO. We observed that during HUT, an expected decrease in TFC was accompanied by an increase of PEP, an increase of SVR and no significant change in DBP. During mental stress, we observed a decrease of PEP and an increase of TFC, SVR and DBP. Correlating a change in assessed measures (delta values) between mental stress and previous supine rest, we found that ΔPEP correlated negatively with ΔCO and positively with ΔSVR. In orthostasis, no significant correlation between ΔPEP and ΔDBP, ΔTFC, ΔCO, ΔMBP or ΔSVR was found. We conclude that despite an expected increase of sympathetic activity during both challenges, PEP behaved differently indicating an effect of other confounding factors. To interpret PEP values properly, we recommend simultaneously to measure other variables influencing this cardiovascular measure.
Analisis Sistem Pengadaan Barang Operasional Pada Hotel Bukit Kenari di Parepare
Authors: Muhammad Anas  , Murdiani Sukarana  , Andri Machmury
Published: January 2020

The procurement system for operational goods at the Bukit Kenari Hotel in Parepare is the focus of this research. The objectives of this study are: 1). Analyzes the operational goods procurement system at the Bukit Kenari Hotel in Parepare. 2). Explain the administrative procedures for the procurement of operational goods at the Bukit Kenari Hotel in Parepare. This type of research is qualitative using observation and interview data collection techniques. The results of the study indicate that the operational goods procurement system at Bukit Kenari Hotel in Parepare uses several systems including the use of a Contract System for several types of beverages, the Daily System for goods needed regularly, especially in the kitchen, and the monthly procurement system held with cash purchases. Then the administrative procedures for procurement of operational goods at the Bukit Kenari Hotel in Parepare include: filling out the request form, then signed by the head of office (head office), then signed by the operational manager and finally the form is submitted to the procurement department as a basis for buying goods needed by user.
Heritage Language and Cultural Preservation among the Nomadic Turkmen of Jordan: A Sociolinguistic Study
Authors: Dweik Bader
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to explore how the nomadic Turkmen of Jordan use Turkmen and Arabic in their daily life .It also describes the cultural aspects that they preserved and the factors that helped them in preserving their language and culture. Adopting the case study approach, a five-Turkmen-family sample served as participants utilising the participants’ observation method and semi-structured interviews. Results revealed that the nomadic Turkmen of Jordan have maintained their ethnic language by using it exclusively at home with family members, grandparents and with relatives. They also preserved various aspects of their heritage culture such as clothing, life style, marriage and social traditions as well as their eating habits. Moreover, results have revealed some socio-cultural factors that enhanced their language and cultural preservation such as partial isolation from the larger host community, rejection of external marriages, lack of education and the media..
Translating Arabic Metaphorical Expressions into English: Mahfouz’s Morning and Evening Talk as an Example
Authors: Farghal Mohammed
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study is to examine Arabic metaphorical expressions in English translation with an eye to exploring the coding of such expressions, the procedures employed in rendering them, and the treatment of the syntagmatic and paradigmatic parameters in translation. The corpus consists of 100 Arabic metaphorical expressions extracted from Najeeb Mahfouz’s (1987) novel ḥadiiθ al-ṣbaaḥwa-l-masaa’ along with their English counterparts in Christina Philips’ translation Morning and Evening Talk (2007). The results show that the rendering of metaphorical expressions, which are mainly coded in terms of concrete-to-abstract borrowing (89%) rather than concrete-to-concrete borrowing (only 11%), involves several procedures: maintaining metaphor (57%), modifying metaphor (20%), demetaphoring metaphor (16%), and changing metaphor (7%). The results also indicate that while the syntagmatic parameter may be freely represented in terms of surface or underlying semantic roles which are sensitive to co-text in both source and target texts, the paradigmatic parameter is solely relevant to capturing the creative paradigm (whether in primary lexical correspondence, in synonymy or even co-hyponymy) regardless of the syntagmatic presentation. The study concludes that metaphors in literary discourse are part and parcel of the message and requires of the translator to take utmost care in preserving their aesthetic value by furnishing a comparably creative paradigm in the target text..
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kejadian Dismenore pada Mahasiswi Angkatan 2015 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Baiturrahmah Padang
Authors: Kurniati Betti , Amelia Rinita , Oktora Meta Z.
Published: January 2020

Dysmenorrhea is pain in the pelvic area at the start of menstruation caused by increased levels of prostaglandin in the endometrium. Dysmenorrhea often causes the absence of a person in the learning process or other activities. Many factors can cause dysmenorrhea, one of them is body fat mass. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between body mass index and the incidence of dysmenorrhea. This type of research is analytical, using a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University and took place from October to December 2018. The population in this study were students of the 2015 Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University with 54 people. Univariate analysis ispresented in the form of tables and bivariate analysis is presented in table form using the Spearman test rho. The result show that Of the 54 respondents, 32 people (59.3%) have normal body mass index is the ones who most experienced dysmenorrhea. and students who have most mild level of dysmenorrhea were 28 people and there is a relation between body mass index and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in students of 2015 Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University. p = 0.009 and weak correlation coefficient = 0.353.
Tatalaksana Radioterapi pada Kekambuhan Lokal Kanker Ovarium Clear Cell
Authors: Rafli Rhandyka
Published: January 2020

Clear Cell Carcinoma is a rare subtype of ovarian cancer. At early stage ovarian cancer were not exhibit symptoms, most of case were found at advanced stage. Treatments for advanced stage ovarian cancer are cytoreduction surgery and carboplatin and paclitaxel adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer stem cells resilient and chemoresistants phenotype of clear cell carcinoma were responsible for local relapse. Radiotherapy with palliative intents can alleviate symptoms and increase quality of life, radiotherapy can also be given curatively for local relapse. Brachytherapy as dose escalation is recommended for limited and locally tumor residue.
A Guide to Conquer the Biological Network Era Using Graph Theory
Authors: Koutrouli Mikaela , Karatzas Evangelos , Paez-Espino David , Pavlopoulos Georgios A.
Published: January 2020

Networks are one of the most common ways to represent biological systems as complex sets of binary interactions or relations between different bioentities. In this article, we discuss the basic graph theory concepts and the various graph types, as well as the available data structures for storing and reading graphs. In addition, we describe several network properties and we highlight some of the widely used network topological features. We briefly mention the network patterns, motifs and models, and we further comment on the types of biological and biomedical networks along with their corresponding computer- and human-readable file formats. Finally, we discuss a variety of algorithms and metrics for network analyses regarding graph drawing, clustering, visualization, link prediction, perturbation, and network alignment as well as the current state-of-the-art tools. We expect this review to reach a very broad spectrum of readers varying from experts to beginners while encouraging them to enhance the field further.
Honey Bee Pollen in Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) Juvenile Diets: Effects on Growth, Diet Digestibility, Intestinal Traits, and Biochemical Markers Related to Health and Stress
Authors: Panettieri Valentina , Chatzifotis Stavros , Messina Concetta Maria , Olivotto Ike , Manuguerra Simona , Randazzo Basilio , Ariano Andrea , Bovera Fulvia , Santulli Andrea , Severino Lorella , Piccolo Giovanni
Published: January 2020

This research aimed to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of honey bee pollen (HBP) in meagre (Argyrosoumus regius) juveniles’ diets on growth performance, diet digestibility, intestinal morphology, and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, stress-related molecular markers and biochemical blood profile of fish were evaluated, together with mineral trace and toxic element concentration in pollen and diets. Specimens of meagre (360) of 3.34 ± 0.14 g initial body weight, were randomly allocated to twelve 500 L circular tanks (30 fish per tank). Four diets were formulated: a control diet and three experimental diets with 1%, 2.5%, and 4% of HBP inclusion. All the growth parameters and crude protein and ether extract digestibility coefficients were negatively linearly affected by increased HBP inclusion (p < 0.0001). Histology of medium intestine showed slight signs of alterations in group HPB1 and HPB2.5 compared to control. Fish from HBP4 group showed severe alterations at the intestinal mucosa level. Immunohistochemical detection of TNF-α in the medium intestine showed the presence of TNF-α+ cells in the lamina propria, which resulted in accordance with the increased level of the TNF-α protein detected by immunoblotting in the liver. This stress situation was confirmed by the increased hepatic level of HSP70 (p < 0.05) in fish fed the HBP4 diet and by the linear decrease of total serum protein levels in HBP-containing diets (p < 0.0001). These negative effects can be related to the ultrastructure of the bee pollen grain walls, which make the bioactive substances unavailable and can irritate the intestine of a carnivorous fish such as meagre.
Validity and Reliability of a Test Battery to Assess Change of Directions with Ball Dribbling in Para-footballers with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Daniel Lucas Felippe , Reina Raúl , Gorla José Irineu , Bastos Tânia , Roldan Alba
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content and construct validity and between-sessions reliability of four agility tests requiring ball dribbling in football players with cerebral palsy (CP) with implications for classification and training. A sample of 35 football players with CP from three different countries took part in the study. They performed four tests in two sessions 72 h apart: i) 20 m in a straight line, ii) forward slalom with short changes of direction, iii) forward slalom with wide changes of direction and iv) square course. The Kappa coefficient was used to test content validity, obtaining moderate to almost perfect agreement results. Construct validity was also demonstrated with very large to almost perfect correlations between tests and sessions. Good reliability was found using intra-class coefficients (>0.86), standard error of measurement (<10.8%) and Cronbach´s alpha (>0.86). The comparisons between CP profiles (i.e. sport classes) demonstrated that those with mild impairment performed faster, and those with impairment of ataxia and dyskinesia performed worse. The four tests could have applications in classification, but may also be applied by the CP football coaches to improve athlete agility and football skills.
Poison-Exon Inclusion in DHX9 Reduces Its Expression and Sensitizes Ewing Sarcoma Cells to Chemotherapeutic Treatment
Authors: Palombo Ramona , Verdile Veronica , Paronetto Maria Paola
Published: January 2020

Alternative splicing is a combinatorial mechanism by which exons are joined to produce multiple mRNA variants, thus expanding the coding potential and plasticity of eukaryotic genomes. Defects in alternative splicing regulation are associated with several human diseases, including cancer. Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive tumor of bone and soft tissue, mainly affecting adolescents and young adults. DHX9 is a key player in Ewing sarcoma malignancy, and its expression correlates with worse prognosis in patients. In this study, by screening a library of siRNAs, we have identified splicing factors that regulate the alternative inclusion of a poison exon in DHX9 mRNA, leading to its downregulation. In particular, we found that hnRNPM and SRSF3 bind in vivo to this poison exon and suppress its inclusion. Notably, DHX9 expression correlates with that of SRSF3 and hnRNPM in Ewing sarcoma patients. Furthermore, downregulation of SRSF3 or hnRNPM inhibited DHX9 expression and Ewing sarcoma cell proliferation, while sensitizing cells to chemotherapeutic treatment. Hence, our study suggests that inhibition of hnRNPM and SRSF3 expression or activity could be exploited as a therapeutic tool to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in Ewing sarcoma.
Influence of SiO2 Content and Exposure Periods on the Anticorrosion Behavior of Epoxy Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Alam Mohammad Asif , Samad Ubair Abdus , Sherif El-Sayed M. , Poulose Anesh Manjaly , Mohammed Jabair Ali , Alharthi Nabeel , Al-Zahrani Saeed M.
Published: January 2020

Epoxy coating formulations containing 1%, 3%, and 5% SiO2 nanoparticles were produced and applied on a mild steel substrate to achieve the objective of high performance corrosion resistance. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique was employed to measure the anticorrosive properties of coatings. The corrosion tests were performed by exposing the coated samples in a solution of 3.5% NaCl for different periods of time, varied from 1 h and up to 30 days. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed the presence of nanoparticles in the final cured samples. Establishing the incorporation of the nanoparticles in the coating formulations was confirmed by employing both of XRD and FT-IR techniques. The FT-IR spectra have proved to be satisfactory indicating that there was a complete reaction between the epoxy resin with the hardener. EIS measurements confirmed that the presence and the increase of SiO2 nanoparticles greatly improved the corrosion resistance of the epoxy coating. The highest corrosion resistance for the coatings was obtained for the formulation with 5% SiO2 nanoparticles content, particularly with prolonging the immersion time to 30 days.
Criticality in Pareto Optimal Grammars?
Authors: Seoane Luís F , Solé Ricard
Published: January 2020

What are relevant levels of description when investigating human language? How are these levels connected to each other? Does one description yield smoothly into the next one such that different models lie naturally along a hierarchy containing each other? Or, instead, are there sharp transitions between one description and the next, such that to gain a little bit accuracy it is necessary to change our framework radically? Do different levels describe the same linguistic aspects with increasing (or decreasing) accuracy? Historically, answers to these questions were guided by intuition and resulted in subfields of study, from phonetics to syntax and semantics. Need for research at each level is acknowledged, but seldom are these different aspects brought together (with notable exceptions). Here, we propose a methodology to inspect empirical corpora systematically, and to extract from them, blindly, relevant phenomenological scales and interactions between them. Our methodology is rigorously grounded in information theory, multi-objective optimization, and statistical physics. Salient levels of linguistic description are readily interpretable in terms of energies, entropies, phase transitions, or criticality. Our results suggest a critical point in the description of human language, indicating that several complementary models are simultaneously necessary (and unavoidable) to describe it.
Multivariate Features Extraction and Effective Decision Making Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Gharsellaoui Sondes , Mansouri Majdi , Refaat Shady S. , Abu-Rub Haitham , Messaoud Hassani
Published: January 2020

Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems is an important approach to guarantee the human safety of these systems. Therefore, the implementation of a FDI framework is required to reduce the energy needs for buildings and improving indoor environment quality. The main goal of this paper is to merge the benefits of multiscale representation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Machine Learning (ML) classifiers to improve the efficiency of the detection and isolation of Air Conditioning (AC) systems. First, the multivariate statistical features extraction and selection is achieved using the PCA method. Then, the multiscale representation is applied to separate feature from noise and approximately decorrelate autocorrelation between available measurements. Third, the extracted and selected features are introduced to several machine learning classifiers for fault classification purposes. The effectiveness and higher classification accuracy of the developed Multiscale PCA (MSPCA)-based ML technique is demonstrated using two examples: synthetic data and simulated data extracted from Air Conditioning systems.
Coordination Mechanism for PV Battery Systems with Local Optimizing Energy Management
Authors: Kersic Manuel , Bocklisch Thilo , Böttiger Michael , Gerlach Lisa
Published: January 2020

This publication presents a coordination mechanism for neighboring photovoltaic (PV) battery systems with local optimizing energy management (EM). The aim of this coordination is a high degree of self-sufficiency for the neighborhood while maintaining a high individual degree of self-sufficiency and relieving the grid. A financial incentive to increase the energy exchanged within the neighborhood is introduced. The local EM of the individual PV battery system uses model predictive control based on deterministic dynamic programming in order to minimize the individual economic costs and extreme grid power values. By using a coordination algorithm involving a central information processing unit, the neighboring PV battery systems are given information about the sum of the planned consumption and feed-in power profiles of the neighborhood, as well as the neighborhood tariffs. Based on these data, the PV battery systems successively optimize the operation of their batteries until either convergence or a maximum count of iterations is achieved. The operating principle of the distributed EM concept with coordination is demonstrated through a simulation of a residential neighborhood comprising eight households with different load profiles and varying PV peak powers and battery capacities. Its performance is compared with three EM concepts: two distributed concepts without coordination and another one with central optimizing EM representing ideal coordination. The resulting power flow distributions are analyzed, and the benefits and weaknesses of the developed coordination mechanism are discussed based on a number of evaluation criteria.
Detecting Dead Standing Eucalypt Trees from Voxelised Full-Waveform Lidar Using Multi-Scale 3D-Windows for Tackling Height and Size Variations
Authors: Miltiadou Milto , Agapiou Athos , Gonzalez Aracil Susana , Hadjimitsis Diofantos G.
Published: January 2020

In southern Australia, many native mammals and birds rely on hollows for sheltering, while hollows are more likely to exist on dead trees. Therefore, detection of dead trees could be useful in managing biodiversity. Detecting dead standing (snags) versus dead fallen trees (Coarse Woody Debris—CWD) is a very different task from a classification perspective. This study focuses on improving detection of dead standing eucalypt trees from full-waveform LiDAR. Eucalypt trees have irregular shapes making delineation of them challenging. Additionally, since the study area is a native forest, trees significantly vary in terms of height, density and size. Therefore, we need methods that will be resistant to those challenges. Previous study showed that detection of dead standing trees without tree delineation is possible. This was achieved by using single size 3D-windows to extract structural features from voxelised full-waveform LiDAR and characterise dead (positive samples) and live (negative samples) trees for training a classifier. This paper adds on by proposing the usage of multi-scale 3D-windows for tackling height and size variations of trees. Both the single 3D-windows approach and the new multi-scale 3D-windows approach were implemented for comparison purposes. The accuracy of the results was calculated using the precision and recall parameters and it was proven that the multi-scale 3D-windows approach performs better than the single size 3D-windows approach. This open ups possibilities for applying the proposed approach on other native forest related applications.