bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La salle des gardes dans les résidences royales françaises
Authors: Viallon Marina
Published: January 2013

La salle des gardes, ou tout simplement la « salle » comme on l’appelait jusqu’au début du xviie siècle, était la première pièce de l’appartement royal. D’abord salle commune aux usages très variés, elle devint peu à peu l’exclusivité des gardes du corps du roi qui y passaient l’essentiel de leur service lorsque le roi était dans son logis, de jour comme de nuit. Cependant, de par ses vastes dimensions et son rôle symbolique, elle fut parfois utilisée pour des événements exceptionnels de la vie monarchique. Les salles des gardes des souverains étaient étroitement liées à l’étiquette et, pour les autres membres de la Cour, la possession de l’une d’entre elles dans la résidence royale était un privilège et un marqueur social. Néanmoins, la salle des gardes possédait en général un décor plus modeste et un mobilier simple et usuel par rapport aux autres pièces de l’appartement, contrastant totalement avec le rôle symbolique fort que cette pièce et ses gardes représentèrent jusqu’à la fin de l’Ancien Régime.
Reduced Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Infiltration Contributes to Delayed Resolution of Cutaneous Wound Infection with Advanced Age
Authors: Brubaker Aleah L. , Rendon Juan L. , Ramirez Luis , Choudhry Mashkoor A. , Kovacs Elizabeth J.
Published: January 2013

Advanced age is associated with alterations in innate and adaptive immune responses, which contribute to an increased risk of infection in elderly patients. Coupled with this immune dysfunction, elderly patients demonstrate impaired wound healing with elevated rates of wound dehiscence and chronic wounds. To evaluate how advanced age alters the host immune response to cutaneous wound infection, we developed a murine model of cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus wound infection in young (3–4 mo) and aged (18–20 mo) BALB/c mice. Aged mice exhibit increased bacterial colonization and delayed wound closure over time compared with young mice. These differences were not attributed to alterations in wound neutrophil or macrophage TLR2 or FcγRIII expression, or age-related changes in phagocytic potential and bactericidal activity. To evaluate the role of chemotaxis in our model, we first examined in vivo chemotaxis in the absence of wound injury to KC, a neutrophil chemokine. In response to a s.c. injection of KC, aged mice recruited fewer neutrophils at increasing doses of KC compared with young mice. This paralleled our model of wound infection, where diminished neutrophil and macrophage recruitment was observed in aged mice relative to young mice despite equivalent levels of KC, MIP-2, and MCP-1 chemokine levels at the wound site. This reduced leukocyte accumulation was also associated with lower levels of ICAM-1 in wounds from aged mice at early time points. These age-mediated defects in early neutrophil recruitment may alter the dynamics of the inflammatory phase of wound healing, impacting macrophage recruitment, bacterial clearance, and wound closure.
Cross-Reactive Influenza-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Antibodies in the Absence of Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Jegaskanda Sinthujan , Job Emma R. , Kramski Marit , Laurie Karen , Isitman Gamze , de Rose Robert , Winnall Wendy R. , Stratov Ivan , Brooks Andrew G. , Reading Patrick C. , Kent Stephen J.
Published: January 2013

A better understanding of immunity to influenza virus is needed to generate cross-protective vaccines. Engagement of Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) Abs by NK cells leads to killing of virus-infected cells and secretion of antiviral cytokines and chemokines. ADCC Abs may target more conserved influenza virus Ags compared with neutralizing Abs. There has been minimal interest in influenza-specific ADCC in recent decades. In this study, we developed novel assays to assess the specificity and function of influenza-specific ADCC Abs. We found that healthy influenza-seropositive young adults without detectable neutralizing Abs to the hemagglutinin of the 1968 H3N2 influenza strain (A/Aichi/2/1968) almost always had ADCC Abs that triggered NK cell activation and in vitro elimination of influenza-infected human blood and respiratory epithelial cells. Furthermore, we detected ADCC in the absence of neutralization to both the recent H1N1 pandemic strain (A/California/04/2009) as well as the avian H5N1 influenza hemagglutinin (A/Anhui/01/2005). We conclude that there is a remarkable degree of cross-reactivity of influenza-specific ADCC Abs in seropositive humans. Targeting cross-reactive influenza-specific ADCC epitopes by vaccination could lead to improved influenza vaccines.
A GIS petroleum prospectivity map of the northern mainland of Canada (Mackenzie Corridor)
Authors: Hannigan P K
Published: January 2013

As part of Geomapping for Energy and Minerals (GEM) activities for Canada's north, participants in the Mackenzie Delta and Corridor project have co-operated to produce a new digital map illustrating areas of varying petroleum potential in Canada's northern
mainland, specifically in the region commonly known as the Mackenzie Corridor which encompasses areas of sedimentary rock along and proximal to the Mackenzie River and includes the proposed route of the Mackenzie Valley natural gas pipeline. The map, released in the GCS North American 1983
horizontal projection system using the GRS 80 ellipsoid and NAD 1983 horizontal datum, includes complete coverage of areas of petroleum potential in the Interior Platform and Northern Foreland Belt geological provinces between latitudes 60° and 70° north.
A pastoral evaluation of menopause in the African context
Authors: Baloyi Elijah
Published: January 2013

Menopause, with its physical and emotional changes, appears to be an inevitable road for women to travel. The moment of choice for women at menopause involves not only whether they will embrace the new self or try to cling to identities from earlier life but also how the society in which they live views women after menopause. Amongst other things, many African marriages face difficulties when the moment of menopause arrives. This situation is often characterised by a second marriage or a situation where husband and wife no longer share a room. Whenever this happens, it testifies to the idea that the sole purpose of marriage amongst African people is procreation – hence, when the period for that is passed, the bedroom setup changes. This is one of the ways in which senior women are deemed unfit for sexual encounters, a gender-equality concern. This article aims to unveil and discuss how some Africans use menopause as an excuse to exclude women from sexual intercourse, and how pastoral caregivers can help in such situations.
Safety and Efficacy of Ranolazine for the Treatment of Chronic Angina Pectoris
Authors: Aldakkak Mohammed , Stowe David F. , Camara Amadou K.S.
Published: January 2013

Coronary heart disease is a global malady and it is the leading cause of death in the United States. Chronic stable angina is the most common manifestation of coronary heart disease and it results from the imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand due to reduction in coronary blood flow. Therefore, in addition to lifestyle changes, commonly used pharmaceutical treatments for angina (nitrates, β-blockers, Ca2+ channel blockers) are aimed at increasing blood flow or decreasing O2 demand. However, patients may continue to experience symptoms of angina. Ranolazine is a relatively new drug with anti-anginal and anti-arrhythmic effects. Its anti-anginal mechanism is not clearly understood but the general consensus is that ranolazine brings about its anti-anginal effects by inhibiting the late Na+ current and the subsequent intracellular Ca2+ accumulation. Recent studies suggest other effects of ranolazine that may explain its anti-anginal and anti-arrhythmic effects. Nonetheless, clinical trials have proven the efficacy of ranolazine in treating chronic angina. It has been shown to be ineffective, however, in treating acute coronary syndrome patients. Ranolazine is a safe drug with minimal side effects. It is metabolized mainly in the liver and cleared by the kidney. Therefore, caution must be taken in patients with impaired hepatic or renal function. Due to its efficacy and safety, ranolazine was approved for the treatment of chronic angina by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006.
Beyond leadership: The impact of coworker relationships on employee motivation and intent to stay
Authors: Basford Tessa E , Offermann Lynn R
Published: January 2013

Relationships between coworkers are an important, yet understudied, source of influence in people's lives. While psychological research widely supports the significance of peer relationships, too few studies have specifically examined the impact of relationships between coworkers. The present study was designed to add to the small but growing body of research on coworker relations. Drawing from a large sample of service-sector employees, we tested and found support for the hypotheses that positive coworker relationships independently increase employee motivation and intent to stay above and beyond two sources of supervisor support – immediate supervisors and senior managers. We also examined how employee job status moderates these relationships, finding that the impact of coworker relations on intent to stay was stronger for employees in high-status positions. Job status was not shown to moderate the relationship between coworker relations and motivation, with employees at both low- and high-status levels reporting higher motivation when coworker relationships were good.
Overview of the Mount Tai Experiment (MTX2006) in Central East China in June 2006: studies of significant regional air pollution
Authors: Kanaya Y. , Akimoto H. , Wang Z.-F. , Pochanart P. , Kawamura K. , Liu Y. , Li J. , Komazaki Y. , Irie H. , Pan X.-L. , Taketani F. , Yamaji K. , Tanimoto H. , Inomata S. , Kato S. , Suthawaree J. , Okuzawa K. , Wang G. , Aggarwal S. G. , Fu P. Q. , Wang T. , Gao J. , Wang Y. , Zhuang G.
Published: January 2013

Abstract. We conducted an intensive field campaign at the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m a.s.l.), Shandong Province, located at the center of Central East China, during the period 28 May to 30 June 2006, to study seasonal maxima of regional air pollution with respect to ozone (O3) and aerosols. The specific objectives, campaign design, and major findings are summarized. High concentrations of O3 and its precursors, and aerosols, were detected and studied in the context of annual variations. Most importantly, we identified that emissions from regional-scale open crop residue burning after the harvesting of winter wheat, together with photochemical aging, strongly increased the concentrations of O3, aerosols, and primary species relevant to air quality in this month of the year. Studies of in-situ photochemical activity, regional source attribution of O3, O3-aerosol interactions, validation of satellite observations of tropospheric NO2, behaviors of volatile organic compounds, organic/inorganic aerosol species, loss rates of black carbon (BC), and instrument inter-comparisons are also summarized. The observed BC levels must have a strong impact on the regional climate.
Megacity impacts on regional ozone formation: observations and WRF-Chem modeling for the MIRAGE-Shanghai field campaign
Authors: Tie X. , Geng F. , Guenther A. , Cao J. , Greenberg J. , Zhang R. , Apel E. , Li G. , Weinheimer A. , Chen J. , Cai C.
Published: January 2013

Abstract. The MIRAGE-Shanghai experiment was designed to characterize the factors controlling regional air pollution near a Chinese Megacity (Shanghai) and was conducted during September 2009. This paper provides an overview of the measurements conducted for this study. In addition to the measurements, a regional chemical/dynamical model (version 3 of Weather Research and Forecasting Chemical model – WRF-Chemv3) is applied for this study. The model results are intensively compared with the measurements to evaluate the model capability for calculating air pollutants in the Shanghai region, especially the chemical species related to ozone formation. The results show that the model is able to calculate the general distributions (the level and the variability) of air pollutants in the Shanghai region, and the difference between the model calculation and the measurement are mostly smaller than 30%, except the calculations of HONO at PD (Pudong) and CO at DT (Dongtan). The main scientific focus is the study of ozone chemical formation not only in the urban area, but also on a regional scale of the surrounding area of Shanghai. The results show that during the experiment period, the ozone photochemical formation was strongly under the VOC-limited condition in the urban area of Shanghai. Moreover, the VOC-limited condition occurred not only in the city, but also in the larger regional area. There was a continuous enhancement of ozone concentrations in the downwind of the megacity of Shanghai, resulting in a significant enhancement of ozone concentrations in a very large regional area in the surrounding region of Shanghai. The sensitivity study of the model suggests that there is a threshold value for switching from VOC-limited condition to NOx-limited condition. The threshold value is strongly dependent on the emission ratio of NOx/VOCs. When the ratio is about 0.4, the Shanghai region is under a strong VOC-limited condition over the regional scale. In contrast, when the ratio is reduced to about 0.1, the Shanghai region is under a strong NOx-limited condition. The estimated threshold value (on the regional scale) for switching from VOC-limited to NOx-limited condition ranges from 0.1 to 0.2. This result has important implications for ozone production in this region and will facilitate the development of effective O3 control strategies in the Shanghai region.
Tracking isotopic signatures of CO2 at Jungfraujoch with laser spectroscopy: analytical improvements and exemplary results
Authors: Sturm P. , Tuzson B. , Henne S. , Emmenegger L.
Published: January 2013

Abstract. We present the continuous data record of atmospheric CO2 isotopes measured by laser absorption spectroscopy for an almost four year period at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.), Switzerland. The mean annual cycles derived from data of December 2008 to September 2012 exhibit peak-to-peak amplitudes of 11.0 μmol mol−1 for CO2, 0.60‰ for δ13C and 0.81‰ for δ18O. The high temporal resolution of the measurements also allow to capture variations on hourly and diurnal time scales. For CO2 the mean diurnal peak-to-peak amplitude is about 1 μmol mol−1 in spring, autumn and winter and about 2 μmol mol−1 in summer. The mean diurnal variability in the isotope ratios is largest during the summer months too, with an amplitude of about 0.1‰ both in the δ13C and δ18O, and a smaller or no discernible diurnal cycle during the other seasons. The day-to-day variability, however, is much larger and depends on the origin of the air masses arriving at Jungfraujoch. Backward Lagrangian particle dispersion model simulations revealed a close link between air composition and prevailing transport regimes and could be used to explain part of the observed variability in terms of transport history and influence region. A footprint clustering showed significantly different wintertime CO2, δ13C and δ18O values depending on the origin and surface residence times of the air masses. Based on the experiences gained from our measurements, several major updates on the instrument and the calibration procedures were performed in order to further improve the data quality. We describe the new measurement and calibration setup in detail and demonstrate the enhanced performance of the analyser. A precision of about 0.02‰ for both isotope ratios has been obtained for an averaging time of 10 min.
Isotope fractionation between dissolved and suspended particulate Fe in the oxic and anoxic water column of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Staubwasser M. , Schoenberg R. , von Blanckenburg F. , Krüger S. , Pohl C.
Published: January 2013

Abstract. Fe isotope ratios and concentrations of dissolved Fe (Fedis, < 0.45 μm) and of suspended particulate Fe (FeSPM) were analyzed from a depth profile through the anoxic Eastern Gotland Basin water column, Baltic Sea. Results show a sharp gradient in δ56Fedis across the ferruginous layer with δ56Fedis = −0.4‰ in the euxinic deep basin and δ56Fedis = +0.3‰ in the oxic upper water column. The isotopic gradient overlaps with a strong concentration gradient of Fedis, a concentration maximum in FeSPM and lower δ56FeSPM values than δ56Fedis. These features indicate preferential loss of light Fe isotopes from solution to suspended iron-oxyhydroxides (FeIOH) during typical oxidative precipitation across the redox interface. The sign of the overall fractionation, Δ56FeIOH-Fe(II)(aq) < 0‰, is in contrast to similar, mostly non-marine redox environments, where Δ56FeIOH-Fe(II)(aq) > 0‰. The difference appears to be the result of isotope exchange dominated by reaction kinetics in the marine water column, rather than equilibrium fractionation generally inferred for oxidative Fe precipitation elsewhere. High residual δ56Fedis immediately above the oxic–ferruginous interface and throughout the oxic water column suggests that any potential dissolved Fe export from marine reducing waters into the oxic open water column is enriched in the heavy isotopes. In the deep, mildly euxinic water column above the level of Fe sulfide saturation, a decreasing δ56FeSPM trend with depth and a generally low δ56Fedis are comparable to trends generally observed in marine anoxic sediment profiles where microbial reductive Fe dissolution occurs. The isotope composition of the redox-cycled Fe inventory in anoxic marine basins mainly reflects the balance between external fluxes, driving the composition towards crustal δ56Fe values, and intensity of internal recycling, driving δ56Fe towards negative values.
Assimilation of sea-ice concentration in a global climate model – physical and statistical aspects
Authors: Tietsche S. , Notz D. , Jungclaus J. H. , Marotzke J.
Published: January 2013

Abstract. We investigate the initialisation of Northern Hemisphere sea ice in the global climate model ECHAM5/MPI-OM by assimilating sea-ice concentration data. The analysis updates for concentration are given by Newtonian relaxation, and we discuss different ways of specifying the analysis updates for mean thickness. Because the conservation of mean ice thickness or actual ice thickness in the analysis updates leads to poor assimilation performance, we introduce a proportional dependence between concentration and mean thickness analysis updates. Assimilation with these proportional mean-thickness analysis updates leads to good assimilation performance for sea-ice concentration and thickness, both in identical-twin experiments and when assimilating sea-ice observations. The simulation of other Arctic surface fields in the coupled model is, however, not significantly improved by the assimilation. To understand the physical aspects of assimilation errors, we construct a simple prognostic model of the sea-ice thermodynamics, and analyse its response to the assimilation. We find that an adjustment of mean ice thickness in the analysis update is essential to arrive at plausible state estimates. To understand the statistical aspects of assimilation errors, we study the model background error covariance between ice concentration and ice thickness. We find that the spatial structure of covariances is best represented by the proportional mean-thickness analysis updates. Both physical and statistical evidence supports the experimental finding that assimilation with proportional mean-thickness updates outperforms the other two methods considered. The method described here is very simple to implement, and gives results that are sufficiently good to be used for initialising sea ice in a global climate model for seasonal to decadal predictions.
Looking at archival sound: Enhancing the listening experience in a spoken word archive
Authors: Murray Annie , Wiercinski Jared
Published: January 2013

What helps researchers listen in deep and engaged ways to poetry that is delivered on the Web? This paper considers how visual aspects of Web–based archives for poetry recordings can enhance the listening experience for users by providing more context and clarification that can help users better understand and use the recordings. Drawing from studies in a variety of disciplines that demonstrate that much of our learning is multimodal, the SpokenWeb project in Montreal, Canada is using digitized live recordings of a Montreal poetry reading series from 1965–1972 featuring performances by major North American poets to investigate the features that will be the most conducive to scholarly engagement with recorded poetry recitation and performance. Visual features such as tethering audio playback with a written transcript, sound visualization and including videos and images are discussed as means to enhance the listening experience in a digital spoken word archive.
Neither digital or open. Just researchers: Views on digital/open scholarship practices in an Italian university
Authors: Esposito Antonella
Published: January 2013

How do university researchers consider attributes such as ‘digital’ and ‘open’ as regards to their research practices? This article reports a small–scale interview project carried out at the University of Milan, aiming to probe whether and to what extent actual digital research practices are affecting cultures of sharing in different subject areas and are prompting emergent approaches such as open publishing, open data, open education and open boundary between academia and society. Most of the 14 interviewed researchers seem not to see any clear benefit to move to further technological means or new open practices and call for institutional support and rules. However, a few profiles of ‘digital, networked and open’ researchers stand out and show both a self–legitimating approach to new modes of knowledge production and distribution and a particular sensitiveness towards values and perspectives driven by ‘openness’ in digital networks.
Manypedia: Comparing language points of view of Wikipedia communities
Authors: Massa Paolo , Scrinzi Federico
Published: January 2013

The three million articles of the English Wikipedia have been written in a collaborative fashion by more than 14 million volunteer editors. In each article, a community of editors strive to reach a neutral point of view, representing all significant views fairly, proportionately, and without biases. However, beside the English one, there are more than 270 editions of Wikipedia in different languages and their relatively isolated communities of editors are not forced by the platform to discuss and negotiate their points of view. So the empirical question is: Do communities on different language Wikipedias develop their own diverse Linguistic Points of View (LPOV)? To answer this question we created and released as open source Manypedia, a Web tool whose aim is to facilitate cross–cultural analysis of Wikipedia language communities by providing an easy way to compare automatically translated versions of their different representations of the same topic.
The cost and quality of online open textbooks: Perceptions of community college faculty and students
Authors: Bliss TJ , Hilton III John , Wiley David , Thanos Kim
Published: January 2013

Proponents of open educational resources (OER) claim that significant cost savings are possible when open textbooks displace traditional textbooks in the college classroom. We investigated student and faculty perceptions of OER used in a community college context. Over 125 students and 11 faculty from seven colleges responded to an online questionnaire about the cost and quality of the open textbooks used in their classrooms. Results showed that the majority of students and faculty had a positive experience using the open textbooks, appreciated the lower costs, and perceived the texts as being of high quality. The potential implications for OER initiatives at the college level seem large. If primary instructional materials can in fact be made available to students at no or very low cost, without harming learning outcomes, there appears to be a significant opportunity for disruption and innovation in higher education.
Third-person effect and gender in online gaming
Authors: Zhang Lin
Published: January 2013

This study explores gender differences in third–person effect in the context of online games based on a survey conducted with 574 online gamers. Not only has it confirmed the existence of self–other perceptual gap regarding the effect of online games, it has also validated the gender difference in effect perception as both genders are found to perceive the opposite–gender as more susceptible to the influence of negative effects of games, and the size of this gender–based third–person effect is larger for women than for men. Perceived exposure, i.e., the fact that men are perceived by both genders to be more frequently engaged in game playing, are found to be the best predictor of the gender–based third–person effect. The level of play, or self–report real exposure, is negatively correlated with gender–based third–person effect. Consistent with previous studies, when the gamers are asked to evaluate positive impacts of online games, a reversed first–person effect is detected. The study has offered several insights into the relative power of the different explanations of third–person effect as well as gender differences in online game consumption and effects perception.
The influence of parental factors on children’s receptiveness towards mobile phone location disclosure services
Authors: Jiow Hee Jhee , Lin Julian
Published: January 2013

A key ingredient of successful parenting is parental knowledge of their children’s whereabouts. The availability of, and easy access to, modern technology such as mobile phone location disclosure (MPLD) services has made it even easier for parents to locate their children by tracking their whereabouts. This study explored parental factors and children’s receptiveness towards MPLD services and found that children’s trust in their parents, optimal parental bonding, monitoring and solicitation, and children’s general disclosure patterns are positively correlated to children’s receptiveness towards MPLD, but parental invasiveness was found to be negatively correlated. The study found that in predicting children’s MPLD attitudes: (1) general disclosure habit of children is the best predictor; and, (2) children’s perception of parental factors are better indicators than parents’ perception.
“Free as in sexist?” Free culture and the gender gap
Authors: Reagle Joseph
Published: January 2013

Despite the values of freedom and openness, the free culture movement’s gender balance is as skewed (or more so) as that of the computing culture from which it arose. Based on the collection and analysis of discourse on gender and sexism within this movement over a six–year period, I suggest three possible causes: (a) some geek identities can be narrow and unappealing; (b) open communities are especially susceptible to difficult people; and, (c) the ideas of freedom and openness can be used to dismiss concerns and rationalize the gender gap as a matter of preference and choice.
Continuation or Discontinuation of Statin Therapy Did Not Influence Patient Outcomes after the Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Bauer Seth R. , Lam Simon W. , Reddy Anita J.
Published: January 2013

Background. The anti-inflammatory effects of statin therapy may be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Objectives. Determine if continuation or discontinuation of prior statin therapy is associated with ventilator-free days (VFDs) at day 28 in patients with ARDS. Methods. Patients with ARDS admitted to the intensive care units of a tertiary care medical center were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. Included patients were allocated to three groups: patients in whom statin therapy was given before and continued after ARDS diagnosis (Group 1), patients with statin therapy only before ARDS diagnosis (Group 2), and patients never exposed to statins (Group 3). Results. Of 244 patients evaluated, 187 were included; 17 (9.1%) patients in Group 1, 20 (10.7%) in Group 2, and 150 in Group 3. There were no differences among groups in APACHE II or SOFA scores. VFDs were not significantly different among groups (median 0 versus 4.5 versus 13.5 days, P=0.21). After adjustment for baseline characteristics, including propensity for statin administration, statin therapy was not associated with increased VFDs on linear regression. Conclusions. Exposure to statins before or after ARDS diagnosis was not associated with improved VFDs in this cohort of patients with ARDS.
Maximum Likelihood Joint Tracking and Association in Strong Clutter
Authors: Perlovsky Leonid I. , Deming Ross W.
Published: January 2013

We have developed a maximum likelihood formulation for a joint detection, tracking and association problem. An efficient non-combinatorial algorithm for this problem is developed in case of strong clutter for radar data. By using an iterative procedure of the dynamic logic process “from vague-to-crisp” explained in the paper, the new tracker overcomes the combinatorial complexity of tracking in highly-cluttered scenarios and results in an orders-of-magnitude improvement in signal-to-clutter ratio.
Linear and Nonlinear Controllers Applied to Fixed-Wing UAV
Authors: Espinoza Tadeo , Dzul Alejandro , Llama Miguel
Published: January 2013

This article presents a comparison of controllers which have been applied to a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The comparison is realized between classical linear controllers and nonlinear control laws. The concerned linear controllers are: Proportional-Derivative (PD) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID), while the nonlinear controllers are: backstepping, sliding modes, nested saturation and fuzzy control. These controllers are compared and analysed for altitude, yaw and roll by using simulation tests.
Mathematical Programming Method Based on Chaos Anti-Control for the Solution of Forward Displacement of Parallel Robot Mechanisms
Authors: Luo Youxin , Liu Qiyuan , Che Xiaoyi
Published: January 2013

The pose of the moving platform in parallel robots is possible thanks to the strong coupling, but it consequently is very difficult to obtain its forward displacement. Different methods establishing forward displacement can obtain different numbers of variables and different solving speeds with nonlinear equations. The nonlinear equations with nine variables for forward displacement in the general 6-6 type parallel mechanism were created using the rotation transformation matrix R, translation vector P and the constraint conditions of the rod length. Given the problems of there being only one solution and sometimes no convergence when solving nonlinear equations with the Newton method and the quasi-Newton method, the Euler equation for free rotation in a rigid body was applied to a chaotic system by using chaos anti-control and chaotic sequences were produced. Combining the characteristics of the chaotic sequence with the mathematical programming method, a new mathematical programming method was put forward, which was based on chaos anti-control with the aim of solving all real solutions of nonlinear equations for forward displacement in the general 6-6 type parallel mechanism. The numerical example shows that the new method has some positive characteristics such as that it runs in the initial value range, it has fast convergence, it can find all the possible real solutions that be found out and it proves the correctness and validity of this method when compared with other methods.
Empirický výzkum vzdělávání: vystačí naše stávající přístupy zítra?
Authors: Prenzel M.
Published: January 2013

Empirický výzkum vzdělávání jakožto relativně mladá oblast výzkumu se značně rozvinul. Důvěryhodnost jeho poznatků je založena na důsledném využívání náročných výzkumných metod. Jeho zjištění jsou sledována a diskutována i mimo úzkou vědeckou komunitu a zohledňována při rozhodování ve vzdělávací politice i v každodenní praxi. Empirický výzkum vzdělávání musí samozřejmě i nadále sledovat tuto cestu a musí zůstat věrný nárokům na kritické ověřování teorie v realitě. Čas od času je však třeba položit si otázku, zda výzkumný program ještě odpovídá současným potřebám a jak by měl empirický výzkum vzdělávání vypadat v budoucnosti. O to jde v tomto textu, který lze číst mj. jako přímluvu za širší využívání rozmanitých výzkumných metod, včetně smíšených. Po krátkém ohlédnutí se za úspěchy empirického výzkumu vzdělávání, za jeho financováním a za očekáváními, která jsou s ním spojena, budeme sledovat otázku, pomocí jakých výzkumných přístupů a metod lze získat vědění popisné, vědění vysvětlující a vědění pro změnu. Zvláštní pozornost bude věnována významu vědění o cílech.
Localisation, coopérations et développement
Authors: Ben Dhifallah Mohamed Bilel
Published: January 2013

Les biotechnologies appliquées à la santé humaine s’imposent aujourd’hui comme le nouveau paradigme fondateur des recherches dans le secteur pharmaceutique. Ces nouvelles technologies sont diffusées le plus souvent par des PME créées par des chercheurs issus du monde universitaire. Ces PME constituent de véritables vecteurs de transferts technologiques entre le monde universitaire et l’industrie pharmaceutique. L’évolution de ces PME dépend fortement du nombre de coopérations qu’elles réalisent avec l’ensemble des acteurs présents dans leur milieu d’implantation. Les études empiriques montrent le fort ancrage spatial de la création d’entreprises innovantes dans le domaine des biotechnologies appliquées à la santé humain (BASH). En France, ces PME sont localisées en majorité dans la région Île-de-France. Cette forte concentration des PME de BASH nous pousse à nous interroger sur l’impact de la localisation et des coopérations sur le développement de ces PME de BASH. Cette recherche qui porte sur l’étude de 60 PME de BASH en France tentera d’étudier le rôle modérateur du choix de la localisation dans la relation entre les coopérations et le développement des PME de BASH à travers l’étude des PME de BASH en France. Les résultats obtenus montrent l’importance du rôle modérateur de la localisation dans les relations entre les coopérations avec la recherche universitaire, les coopérations avec l’industrie pharmaceutique et les coopérations avec les autres entreprises de biotechnologies, d’un côté, et le développement des PME de BASH, de l’autre côté.
The 1969 African Refugee Convention: Innovations, Misconceptions, and Omissions
Authors: Sharpe Marina
Published: January 2013

This paper provides a critical overview of the 1969 African refugee convention, beginning with a survey of its legal innovations. It then addresses the most misunderstood of them—the unique refugee definition—in depth, with an emphasis on dispelling the common misconception that it is particularly expansive. Finally, it investigates the 1969 Convention’s silence regarding refugees’ civil and political, and socio-economic rights, and how it works as the “regional complement” to the 1951 global refugee convention in that regard.
Cursos de Bacharelado em Secretariado na Região Norte do Brasil: Análise Exploratória de suas Matrizes Curriculares
Authors: Galindo Alexandre Gomes , Carvalho Iamile da Costa , Souza Eduardo César Pereira
Published: January 2013

A pesquisa buscou identificar as Instituições de Ensino Superior-IES da Região Norte do Brasil que ofertam cursos de Bacharelado em Secretariado e analisar suas matrizes curriculares. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: 1-Identificação das IES que ofertam cursos de secretariado, através de pesquisa documental via banco de dados do Ministério da Educação; 2-Coleta dos Planos Pedagógicos-PPC e Matrizes Curriculares-MC via sites, e contato direto com coordenadores, e 3-Análise dos PPC/MC através de tabulação, categorização de disciplinas e triangulação de dados. Foram identificadas diferenças estruturais e de conteúdo entre Matrizes evidenciando haver formações de egressos com perfis diferenciados. Pressupondo que currículos prescritos refletem as características que definem o perfil desejado do egresso, os resultados sinalizam necessidade de estudos voltados para: a) analisar equivalências e diferenciais entre PPC/MC dos cursos de Bacharelado e Tecnológico na região norte; b) identificar e analisar as características dos respectivos cursos em outras regiões do Brasil e c) analisar as relações existentes entre currículos e corpo docente das IES, perfil declarado dos egressos, proporcionalidade da participação das diversas áreas na formação acadêmica e atributos do profissional de secretariado demandados pela sociedade.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.105
Editorial
Authors: Baptista Isabel Cristina
Published: January 2013

Editorial
O Profissional de Secretariado Executivo como Mediador de Conflitos
Authors: Moreira Katia Denise , De Olivo Luis Carlos Cancellier
Published: January 2013

Este estudo pretende demonstrar que o profissional de secretariado executivo, valendo-se das habilidades, competências e atitudes que compõem o seu novo perfil profissional, isso somado ao caráter multifuncional e polivalente da profissão e a estudos especializados na área, tem excelentes condições para assumir a posição de mediador de conflitos. A metodologia é predominantemente de abordagem qualitativa e, de acordo com os objetivos, descritiva, embasada na análise bibliográfica e de documentos. O resultado evidencia que o profissional de secretariado executivo está apto a exercer a mediação de conflitos.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.62
Importância de um Secretário Executivo no Preenchimento do Aplicativo Coleta de Dados Capes
Authors: Scherer Carolina , Rempel Claudete , Neumann Martins Silvana , Haetinger Claus
Published: January 2013

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal mostrar a importância de um Secretário Executivo assessorar uma Secretaria de Pós-Graduação em Instituições de Ensino Superior – IES, tendo como uma de suas funções o preenchimento do aplicativo Coleta de Dados CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). Para isso, além da pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o perfil do Secretário Executivo, foi elaborado um questionário sobre o preenchimento do aplicativo Coleta de Dados CAPES e enviado aos coordenadores de programas de Pós-Graduação de IES das regiões sul e sudeste de país. O resultado da pesquisa sinaliza positivamente para a inserção de um Secretário Executivo no ambiente acadêmico, mais precisamente na Secretaria de Pós Graduação, atuando no preenchimento do aplicativo do Coleta de Dados CAPES.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.68
As Estratégias Pedagógicas Utilizadas no Processo de Ensino-Aprendizagem: Concepções dos Alunos de Secretariado Executivo da UFPB
Authors: Silva Adelino Francisca Janete
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem mais significativas a partir das perspectivas dos alunos, com aquelas utilizadas por uma professora do Curso de Secretariado Executivo da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. A pesquisa descritiva subsidiou este trabalho, abordando a visão dos estudantes. Enquanto a pesquisa-ação proporcionou o método para autora auto-avaliar as estratégias adotadas em sala de aulas. A coleta de dados foi realizada com o uso de questionários com perguntas abertas e fechadas, direcionadas aos discentes do curso acima citado. Os resultados apontam para uma convergência de estratégias preferidas pelos universitários pesquisados com aquelas utilizadas pela docente.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.81
Importância do Domínio de Línguas Estrangeiras pelos Profissionais de Secretariado Executivo para Atuação no Mercado de Trabalho em Tempos de Globalização: Uma Abordagem Crítico-Reflexiva
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Marcos
Published: January 2013

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo efetuar uma abordagem crítica e reflexiva sobre a importância do domínio de línguas estrangeiras pelos profissionais de Secretariado Executivo para atuação no mercado de trabalho em tempos de globalização. Para tanto, inicialmente busca-se tecer comentários acerca do fenômeno globalização como fator de rompimento de velhos paradigmas sociais. Em seguida, são realizadas discussões sobre o processo comunicacional do secretário executivo na atualidade, tendo em vista o uso da língua materna e das línguas estrangeiras. Na sequência, apresentamos algumas reflexões referentes à importância do domínio de línguas estrangeiras pelos secretários executivos, enquanto necessidade profissional ou modismo social. Por fim, busca-se fazer alguns apontamentos voltados à formação acadêmica inicial e à atuação profissional do secretário executivo bilíngue, lançando um olhar visionário sobre o mercado de trabalho na contemporaneidade.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.82
Assessoria Executiva na Padronização e Organização de Processos Administrativos
Authors: Maçaneiro Marlete Beatriz , Catczu Thatiany Simone , Korchaque Ecttane de Lara
Published: January 2013

Para garantir seu espaço, as empresas estão investindo estrategicamente na força intelectual de seus colaboradores, para que venham ampliar seu conhecimento organizacional e criar novos produtos e serviços ou aperfeiçoá-los. Mas, para isso, é necessário que o grupo esteja capacitado, sincronizado e em constante aprimoramento. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve por objetivo geral assessorar o departamento de vendas de uma empresa do setor automobilístico, propondo melhorias nos processos administrativos por meio de mecanismos que proporcionem a externalização e a padronização dos conhecimentos dos colaboradores. Assim sendo, utilizou-se a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, através da estratégia de estudo de caso, com a utilização das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, registros em arquivos, questionários, entrevistas não-estruturadas e observação estruturada. Inicialmente, para se ter melhor conhecimento do problema a ser pesquisado e ao qual foram propostas melhorias, foi aplicado um roteiro de coleta de dados entre os colaboradores da empresa. Com esses dados levantados e analisados, foi possível desenvolver um manual no setor de vendas da empresa, com o intuito de melhorar os seus processos. Nesse documento prático foram explicadas todas as etapas a serem seguidas pelos vendedores para que possam desenvolver o trabalho de maneira mais eficiente e otimizar o seu tempo. Além disso, foi criado um check list contendo a lista dos documentos exigidos para faturamento de veículos. Este terá a função de auxiliar os vendedores evitando possíveis esquecimentos por parte dos clientes.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.88
O Imaginário do Técnico em Secretariado
Authors: Alvarães Alberto Carlos , Rocha Alexandra Abreu
Published: January 2013

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os símbolos presentes no imaginário de estudantes ingressantes do curso de Técnico em Secretariado acerca de sua futura profissão. No referencial teórico foi explorado o conceito de animal symbolicum de Cassirer apoiado por autores contemporâneos como Fernandes (2006), Barreto (2008) e o conceito de imaginário desenvolvido por Werneck (2003). Metodologicamente foi utilizado o instrumento da construção de desenhos buscando-se fundamentação em Vergara (2008), Trinca (1976) e Bauer e Gaskell (2002). A partir deste estudo foi possível constatar que no imaginário desses estudantes há a predominância de que o Técnico em Secretariado é uma profissão essencialmente operacional não havendo relevantes constatações do perfil generalista também exigido pelas diretrizes oficiais.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.89
Tradução - Uma Abordagem de Ensino/Aprendizagem para o Secretariado Executivo
Authors: Cantarotti Aline , Alves Lourenço Fernanda Maria
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste artigo é o de proporcionar aos professores e alunos de tradução no curso de Secretariado Executivo uma visão mais ampla acerca da abordagem de ensino/aprendizagem nessa área, apresentando primeiramente teorias e procedimentos da atividade tradutória e em seguida, propondo-se uma sequência didática tendo como gênero utilizado para a prática da tradução os contratos empresariais. Sua relevância se dá devido ao fato de ser necessária uma abordagem de ensino específica de tradução que se adeque às necessidades profissionais do secretário executivo, pois devido a globalização, as empresas estão cada vez mais expandindo seus negócios para o exterior. Para isso, elas precisam da intermediação do profissional de secretariado que esteja capacitado a realizar traduções adequadas, já que uma tradução mal sucedida pode comprometer toda a comunicação e trabalho de uma organização. A partir do plano de aula proposto, é possível demonstrar procedimentos para o ensino/aprendizagem de tradução que contribuam para uma sólida formação do secretário executivo especificamente em línguas estrangeiras e tradução, além de demonstrar a transformação do pensamento dos alunos sobre o conceito de tradução.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i1.98
A Implementação da Pós-Venda na Empresa PS Pneus em Guarapuava/PR: Um Estudo Proposto pela Área de Assessoria
Authors: Antunes Enéia Viviane , Valus Juliana Aparecida , Klozovski Marcel Luciano , Angnes Juliane Sachser
Published: January 2013

Este estudo apresenta resultados parciais de uma pesquisa realizada no ano de 2011 que se propôs, por meio da área de assessoria, a implementar a pós-venda na empresa PS Pneus, localizada na cidade de Guarapuava – Paraná. Dessa forma, para realização da pesquisa utilizou-se a participação efetiva dos profissionais de secretariado, pois estes podem atuar em várias áreas da empresa, assessorando na elaboração de estratégias, para que os resultados almejados pela organização possam ser alcançados. Assim, elegeu-se como metodologia de pesquisa o estudo de caso exploratório com uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa em complemento com a pesquisa de campo. Como resultado principal elaborou-se uma proposição de melhoria para o relacionamento com o cliente, vinculada com a área de pós-venda. Assim, o estudo realizado partiu do pressuposto teórico, que no atual ambiente competitivo as empresas precisam de estratégias para alcançar a diferenciação e permanecer no mercado. Percebeu-se de forma concreta que o diferencial está em oferecer aos clientes serviços de qualidade, evidenciando a excelência no atendimento. Entretanto, torna-se necessário ir além e oferecer meios para que a empresa possa conhecer a opinião dos clientes, sendo indispensável, neste contexto, a disponibilização de um serviço de pós-venda, pois este permite a identificação de falhas no atendimento, na prestação dos serviços, bem como, nas oportunidades de novas vendas.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i2.104
Fundamentação da Gestão Secretarial: Um Estudo Bibliométrico
Authors: Da Silva Joelma Soares , Barros Conceição de Maria Pinheiro , Barbosa Maria Flaviana Silva
Published: January 2013

As mudanças no contexto organizacional levam o profissional de Secretariado a assumir uma postura diferente para destacar-se no mercado de trabalho. A Gestão Secretarial tem sido um assunto abordado em artigos, pois coloca o Secretário Executivo em uma posição diferente da de assessor ao defini-lo como gestor. A presente pesquisa trata-se de um estudo qualitativo-descritivo que tem por objetivo geral identificar os principais assuntos que fundamentam a gestão secretarial, utilizando-se do método bibliométrico. O estudo foi fundamentado em pesquisa bibliográfica e a base de dados foi constituída de trinta e quatro artigos científicos coletados em livros, periódicos e anais de eventos. A análise dos dados revelou que a maioria dos artigos na área é de cunho teórico, proveniente das pesquisas de poucos estudiosos do assunto. Além disso, por meio dos dados analisados, não foi possível encontrar uma teoria em torno da Gestão Secretarial, mas, um conjunto de conhecimentos em torno do tema.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v3i2.114