bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates of disrupted sleep–wake variables in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Bernatchez Marie Solange , Savard Josée , Aubin Michèle , Ivers Hans
Published: June 2018

Objectives

High rates of sleep difficulties have been found in patients with advanced cancer. However, not much is known about factors that are associated with sleep impairments in this population and that could constitute their potential risk factors or consequences. This study conducted in patients with cancer receiving palliative care aimed to evaluate the relationships of subjective (sleep diary; Insomnia Severity Index, ISI) and objective (actigraphy) sleep–wake variables with several physical and psychological symptoms, maladaptive sleep behaviours, erroneous beliefs about sleep, quality of life, time to death and environmental factors.

Methods

The sample was composed of 57 community-dwelling patients with cancer receiving palliative care and with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Scale score of 2 or 3. Actigraphic, light and sound recording and a daily sleep and pain diary were completed for seven consecutive days. A battery of self-report scales was also administered.

Results

Greater disruptions of subjective and objective sleep–wake variables were more consistently associated with worse physical symptoms than with psychological variables. Disrupted objective sleep–wake parameters were also associated with a greater frequency of maladaptive sleep behaviours. Finally, a greater nocturnal noise in the bedroom was correlated with more impairments in subjective and objective sleep–wake variables while a lower 24-hour light exposure was associated with more disruption of subjectively assessed sleep only.

Conclusions

Although longitudinal studies are needed to establish the etiology of sleep–wake difficulties in patients with advanced cancer, our findings suggest that physical symptoms, maladaptive sleep behaviours and environmental factors can contribute to their development or their persistence and need to be adequately addressed.
A family case with germlineTSC1and mtDNA mutations developing bilateral eosinophilic chromophobe renal cell carcinomas without other typical phenotype of tuberous sclerosis
Authors: Sakamoto Hiromasa , Yamasaki Toshinari , Sumiyoshi Takayuki , Utsunomiya Noriaki , Takeda Masashi , Kamba Tomomi , Nakamura Eijiro , Ogawa Osamu
Published: June 2018

Aim

We examined the genetic alterations in a mother and son with multiple eosinophilic chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (chRCCs) showing no other features.

Methods

Germline DNA and bilateral renal cell carcinoma DNA were genetically analysed by whole-exome sequencing. Candidate gene alterations in the first patient’s germline were investigated in her child’s germline and the chRCCs.

Results

We detected several germline gene alterations in the mother. Among the identified alterations,TSC1and mitochondrial DNA mutations were also confirmed in her son. Regarding somatic alterations in bilateral chRCCs, no common candidate gene alteration was found.

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of whole-exome sequencing revealing bilateral eosinophilic chRCCs associated with tuberous sclerosis complex in a family case without classical phenotype. These results suggest that germlineTSC1and mitochondrial DNA gene mutations may be involved in the development of chRCCs in some cases.
Examining unmet needs: a cross-sectional study exploring knowledge, attitudes and sexually transmitted infection screening preferences among persons who inject drugs in Camden, New Jersey
Authors: Roth Alexis , Tran Nguyen Khai , Chavis Martha , Van Der Pol Barbara
Published: June 2018

Objectives

To inform the development of targeted sexually transmitted infection (STI) control programmes for persons who inject drugs (PWID).

Methods

We recruited 116 PWID (aged ≥ 18 years) from a community-based syringe exchange programme (SEP) and assessed their STI knowledge and screening preferences via technology assisted self-interview. We estimated prevalence of STI transmission knowledge, attitudes and screening preferences as well as the association between reported sexual behaviours (past 6 months) and willingness to self-collect specimens.

Results

Participants were white (77%), female (51%) and heterosexual (77%). STI knowledge regarding transmission and testing was high among the sample. More than 70% of participants were aware extragenital infections were possible and were least likely to know urine tests do not detect rectal infections (40.9%). Site-specific specimen collection was highly reflective of reported sexual behaviour. PWID who reported receptive sex (36% vs 5%, p<0.01) and insertive anal sex (31% vs 6%, p=0.01) were more likely to collect rectal specimens than those who did not. A similar trend was seen for oral sex performance on men and self-collection of oropharyngeal swabs (15% vs 3%, p=0.04). In addition, participants preferred collecting their own sample to having a clinician collect it for them (69% vs 31%, p<0.01) and testing at the SEP compared with a STI clinic (86% vs 14%, p<0.01).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest site-specific specimen collection may be a proxy for risk behaviour engagement in this fairly knowledgeable high-risk population. To increase case finding, STI control programmes should educate patients about site-specific screening and pair outreach with the infrastructure provided by SEPs, in settings where these programmes exist.
Tibial bone density, cross‐sectional geometry and strength in Finnish pet rabbits: a peripheral quantitative computed tomography study
Authors: Mäkitaipale Johanna , Sievänen Harri , Laitinen‐Vapaavuori Outi
Published: June 2018

Rabbit bones are brittle and prone to fissure formation. Radiographs of very young and old rabbits are often indicative of decreased bone density. The aim of this study was to investigate the tibial bone parameters in pet rabbits, and their association with age, sex, castration and dental disease. Eighty‐seven (43 female/5 spayed, 44 male/19 castrated) pet rabbits (mean age 2.6 years, range 0.3–9.3 years) of various breeds were studied, of which 37 had dental disease. Right tibiae were scanned with peripheral quantitative CT at the distal (4percent) and mid‐shaft sites (50percent of the tibial length). Analysed bone parameters included the total cross‐sectional area, cortical bone area and density, trabecular bone density and strength‐strain index. The mean diaphyseal cortical density was high (about 1400 mg/cm3) in comparison to many other species. Within the studied age range, age was weakly but positively associated with diaphyseal cortical density, with the juvenile rabbits clearly showing the lowest values. There was no tendency for age‐related decrease in trabecular or cortical bone density at least up to six years of age. Neither were sex, castration nor dental disease associated with decreased tibial bone density.
Transmission models for the fish pathogen Ichthyophonus: synthesis of field observations and empirical studies
Authors: Kocan Richard M.
Published: June 2018

Empirical studies have demonstrated that Ichthyophonus is transmitted among piscivores via consumption of infected prey; however, this unidirectional mode of transmission from small to large fish cannot sustain Ichthyophonus within a population. To circumvent this problem, Ichthyophonus evolved an infective waterborne cell that has been shown to infect both fresh- and saltwater fish. Successful transmission of Ichthyophonus via a waterborne stage is linked to the proximity of infected and susceptible individuals, a condition met when the two groups occupy the same habitat. It is posited that this occurs during annual inshore migrations when herring (Clupea spp.) enter areas occupied by infected demersal predators. A plausible transmission scenario is that during inshore excursions, planktivores are exposed to infective waterborne cells shed by demersal piscivores. Once planktivores are infected, the parasite is recycled when consumed by predators. This model is supported by reports of ichthyophoniasis increasing in herring populations at the time of inshore migration. The possible role of an intermediate host for Ichthyophonus, as well as evidence for a free-living stage in its life cycle, is presented.
An improved method for assessing the degree of geochemical similarity (DOGS2) between samples from multi-element geochemical datasets
Authors: de Caritat P. , Mann A.
Published: July 2018

The multi-element aqua regia National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) database is used to demonstrate an improved method for quantifying the degree of geochemical similarity (DOGS2) between soil samples. The improvements introduced here address issues relating to compositional data (closure, relative scale). After removing the elements with excessive censored (below detection) values, the rank-based Spearman correlation coefficient (r
s
) between samples is calculated for the remaining 51 elements. Each element is given equal weight through the rank-based correlation. The r
s
values for pairs of samples of known similar origin (e.g. granitoid-derived) are significantly positive, whereas they are significantly negative for pairs of samples of known dissimilar origin (e.g. granitoid- v. greenstone-derived). Maps of r
s
for all samples in the database against various reference samples are used to obtain correlation maps for lithological derivations. Likewise, the distribution of soils having a geochemical fingerprint similar to established mineralized provinces can be mapped, providing a simple, first order mineral prospectivity tool. Sensitivity of results to the removal of up to a dozen elements from the correlation indicates the method to be extremely robust. The new method is compliant with contemporary compositional data analysis principles and is applicable to various digestion methods.
Recent Advances in Zeolitic Membranes
Authors: Bedard Robert , Liu Chunqing
Published: July 2018

Zeolitic membranes have been an active area of research for at least 25 years. Continuous and creative improvements in the materials chemistry of membrane synthesis and in the understanding and predictability of membrane diffusion and separations have been achieved. Activity continues unabated and has increased with the introduction of new compositions such as metal-organic frameworks and other materials to the field. The economics of implementing today's best zeolitic membranes and the achievable improvements in zeolitic membrane systems are approaching commercial attractiveness, but many significant challenges remain as competing membrane technologies are also advanced.
Electrochemical Surface Finishing of Additively Manufactured Parts
Authors: Garich Holly , Hall Tim , Taylor Jennings E. , Lui Danny , Porter John , Hayes Brian
Published: July 2018

Additive manufacturing (AM) processes have the potential to revolutionize the art of manufacturing complex components, essentially enabling a build to print scenario where the designer has unlimited bounds. However, when printing fine featured metallic materials using powder bed (pb) approaches the surface left by the AM process are usually rough with adherent particles (20 to 75 µm in diameter) covering the entirety of the surface. This work discusses an electrochemical surface finishing approach for the titanium alloy Ti64 prepared by an electron beam pb-AM process. The goal of this work is to achieve the desired surface finish while minimizing material removal.
Delay Feedback Control of the Lorenz-Like System
Authors: Chen Qin , Gao Jianguo
Published: July 2018

We choose the delay as a variable parameter and investigate the Lorentz-like system with delayed feedback by using Hopf bifurcation theory and functional differential equations. The local stability of the positive equilibrium and the existence of Hopf bifurcations are obtained. After that the direction of Hopf bifurcation and stability of periodic solutions bifurcating from equilibrium is determined by using the normal form theory and center manifold theorem. In the end, some numerical simulations are employed to validate the theoretical analysis. The results show that the purpose of controlling chaos can be achieved by adjusting appropriate feedback effect strength and delay parameters. The applied delay feedback control method in this paper is general and can be applied to other nonlinear chaotic systems.
Comparison of the Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Papillary Large Balloon Dilation Alone versus Endoscopic Sphincterotomy for Removal of Bile Duct Stones
Authors: Li Tao , Wen Jun , Bie Like , Gong Biao
Published: July 2018

Background and Aims. Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) alone is an alternative to endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones. However, limited data exists regarding comparison of the long-term outcomes for these techniques. In this study, we compared the long-term outcomes after EST with those after EPLBD alone for removal of CBD stones. Methods. The records of patients with EST or EPLBD alone referred for CBD stones retrieval between June 2008 and July 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Complete stone clearance, ERCP-related adverse events, and late biliary complications during long-term follow-up were analyzed. Results. Basic patient characteristics were similar between the groups that underwent EST (n=60) and EPLBD alone (n=161). EPLBD compared with EST resulted in similar outcomes in terms of complete stone clearance (99.4% versus 100%, P=0.54) and ERCP-related adverse events (6.8% versus 6.7%, P=1.00). The mean duration of the follow-up was 74.5 months and 71.6 months who underwent EST and EPLBD alone, respectively (P=0.42). Late biliary complications were occurred frequently in the EST group than in the EPLBD alone group (11 [18.6%] versus 16 [10.2%]), although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P=0.11). Multivariate analysis showed that mechanical lithotripsy ([OR], 2.815; 95% CI, 1.148–6.902; P=0.024) was significantly associated with late biliary complications. Conclusion. As an alternative to EST, EPLBD has similar efficacy and safety for managing CBD stones. During long-term follow-up, patients who underwent EPLBD alone may have fewer late biliary complications compared with those after EST. In addition, mechanical lithotripsy may be an independent risk factor for late biliary complications.
Performance Evaluation of Q690 High-Strength Concrete-Filled Thin-Walled Steel Tubular Columns under Compression-Bending Coupling
Authors: Wang Jiantao , Sun Qing
Published: July 2018

The high-strength concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular (HCFTST) columns, as a relatively new type structure member, could reduce the section size to obtain the favorable architecture aesthetic effects and gain further economic benefits. In this paper, the HCFTST columns were optimized on the basis of the orthogonal array of L16 (45) with three tested parameters. The orthogonal range analysis (ORA) was utilized to research the alteration degree, and the orthogonal variance analysis (OVA) was employed to analyze the significant degree between different parameters. Moreover, the optimized combinations based on performance index including strength, ductility, and energy dissipation were recommended to offer certain reference for structural design and application. Finally, a modified damage assessment model was proposed and verified. It indicates that the HCFTST columns with reasonable design could display favorable performance and can be expected to have a widespread application in engineering structures.
Robust High-Gain Observers Based Liquid Levels and Leakage Flow Rate Estimation
Authors: Smida Feten , Hadj Saïd Salim , M’sahli Faouzi
Published: July 2018

The paper aims to solve the problem of liquid level and leakage flow rate estimations for a state coupled four-tank process, that is why an UIO is developed to simultaneously estimate the unmeasured state variables and the perturbations considered as unknown inputs. We have proposed a state repartition that allows putting the model of the quadruple tank system to the canonical form for which the design of the observer is more easier. The observation scheme that uses a combination of high-gain observers and sliding mode observers allows improving robustness in the state estimation quality and a perfect reconstruction of the disturbance waveforms.
Experiments and Numerical Simulation of Performances and Internal Flow for High-Speed Rescue Pump with Variable Speeds
Authors: Bai Yuxing , Kong Fanyu , Zhao Fei , Wang Jiaqiong , Xia Bin , Hu Qianlan
Published: July 2018

The model pump is a high-speed, high-power pump designed to achieve rapid mine flooding rescue. This study conducted experiments to investigate pump performance curves, including head, efficiency, and power for the following six different rotation speeds: 3000, 3600, 4200, 4800, 5400, and 6000 rpm. Then, the numerical simulation method based on computational fluid dynamics commercial code Ansys was used to present the internal flow of the pump for the six different rotation speeds through steady and unsteady analyses. Results show that the numerical results agree well with experimental data. The designs of outlet and inlet angles of the impeller match each other well at high rotation speeds. The pressure pulsation coefficient Cp in the impeller and the diffuser channel remain constant at the same monitor point under different rotation speed conditions. The varying trend of the pressure-augmented coefficient ΔP indicates that, with the increase in rotation speed, the effect on pressure rise induced by the back part of the impeller channel is more evident than that by the front part. Also, the main frequency components of ΔP are concentrated on the region with low frequency. Moreover, the rotation speed has no significant effect on ΔP in the diffuser region. This study provides effective guidance and valuable reference for the design of high-speed, high-power pumps.
Inhibition of Rspo-Lgr4 Facilitates Checkpoint Blockade Therapy by Switching Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Tan Binghe , Shi Xiujuan , Zhang Jie , Qin Juliang , Zhang Na , Ren Hua , Qian Min , Siwko Stefan , Carmon Kendra , Liu Qingyun , Han Honghui , Du Bing , Liu Mingyao
Published: July 2018

Therapies targeting immune checkpoints have shown great clinical potential in a subset of patients with cancer but may be hampered by a failure to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). As the most abundant immune cells in TME, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) play nonredundant roles in restricting antitumor immunity. The leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein–coupled receptor 4 (Lgr4, also known as Gpr48) has been associated with multiple physiologic and pathologic functions. Lgr4 and its ligands R-spondin 1–4 have been shown to promote the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. However, whether Lgr4 can promote tumor progression by regulating the function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Lgr4 promotes macrophage M2 polarization through Rspo/Lgr4/Erk/Stat3 signaling. Notably, urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), and B16F10 melanoma tumors were all markedly reduced in Lgr4fl/flLyz2cre/+ mice, characterized by fewer protumoral M2 TAMs and increased CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in the TME. Furthermore, LLC tumor growth was greatly depressed when Rspo/Lgr4/Erk/Stat3 signaling was blocked with either the LGR4 extracellular domain or an anti-Rspo1 antibody. Importantly, blocking Rspo-Lgr4 signaling overcame LLC resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy and improved the efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy against B16F10 melanoma, indicating vital roles of Rspo-Lgr4 in host antitumor immunity and a potential therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy.

Significance: This study identifies a novel receptor as a critical switch in TAM polarization whose inhibition sensitizes checkpoint therapy–resistant lung cancer to anti-PD-1 therapy.

Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/17/4929/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(17); 4929–42. ©2018 AACR.
High-Throughput Screening of Combinatorial Immunotherapies with Patient-Specific In Silico Models of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kather Jakob Nikolas , Charoentong Pornpimol , Suarez-Carmona Meggy , Herpel Esther , Klupp Fee , Ulrich Alexis , Schneider Martin , Zoernig Inka , Luedde Tom , Jaeger Dirk , Poleszczuk Jan , Halama Niels
Published: July 2018

Solid tumors are rich ecosystems of numerous different cell types whose interactions lead to immune escape and resistance to immunotherapy in virtually all patients with metastatic cancer. Here, we have developed a 3D model of human solid tumor tissue that includes tumor cells, fibroblasts, and myeloid and lymphoid immune cells and can represent over a million cells over clinically relevant timeframes. This model accurately reproduced key features of the tissue architecture of human colorectal cancer and could be informed by individual patient data, yielding in silico tumor explants. Stratification of growth kinetics of these explants corresponded to significantly different overall survival in a cohort of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. We used the model to simulate the effect of chemotherapy, immunotherapies, and cell migration inhibitors alone and in combination. We classified tumors according to tumor and host characteristics, showing that optimal treatment strategies markedly differed between these classes. This platform can complement other patient-specific ex vivo models and can be used for high-throughput screening of combinatorial immunotherapies.

Significance: This patient-informed in silico tumor growth model allows testing of different cancer treatment strategies and immunotherapies on a cell/tissue level in a clinically relevant scenario. Cancer Res; 78(17); 5155–63. ©2018 AACR.
CD8+ T-Cell Density Imaging with 64Cu-Labeled Cys-Diabody Informs Immunotherapy Protocols
Authors: Seo Jai Woong , Tavaré Richard , Mahakian Lisa M. , Silvestrini Matthew T. , Tam Sarah , Ingham Elizabeth S. , Salazar Felix B. , Borowsky Alexander D. , Wu Anna M. , Ferrara Katherine W.
Published: July 2018

Purpose: Noninvasive and quantitative tracking of CD8+ T cells by PET has emerged as a potential technique to gauge response to immunotherapy. We apply an anti-CD8 cys-diabody, labeled with 64Cu, to assess the sensitivity of PET imaging of normal and diseased tissue.

Experimental Design: Radiolabeling of an anti-CD8 cys-diabody (169cDb) with 64Cu was developed. The accumulation of 64Cu-169cDb was evaluated with PET/CT imaging (0, 5, and 24 hours) and biodistribution (24 hours) in wild-type mouse strains (n = 8/group studied with imaging and IHC or flow cytometry) after intravenous administration. Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in tumor-bearing mice treated with CpG and αPD-1 were quantified and mapped (n = 6–8/group studied with imaging and IHC or flow cytometry).

Results: We demonstrate the ability of immunoPET to detect small differences in CD8+ T-cell distribution between mouse strains and across lymphoid tissues, including the intestinal tract of normal mice. In FVB mice bearing a syngeneic HER2-driven model of mammary adenocarcinoma (NDL), 64Cu-169cDb PET imaging accurately visualized and quantified changes in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in response to immunotherapy. A reduction in the circulation time of the imaging probe followed the development of treatment-related liver and splenic hypertrophy and provided an indication of off-target effects associated with immunotherapy protocols.

Conclusions: 64Cu-169cDb imaging can spatially map the distribution of CD8+ T cells in normal organs and tumors. ImmunoPET imaging of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic CD8+ T cells detected changes in T-cell density resulting from adjuvant and checkpoint immunotherapy protocols in our preclinical evaluation. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 4976–87. ©2018 AACR.
The Anticancer Activity of a First-in-class Small-molecule Targeting PCNA
Authors: Gu Long , Lingeman Robert , Yakushijin Fumiko , Sun Emily , Cui Qi , Chao Jianfei , Hu Weidong , Li Hongzhi , Hickey Robert J. , Stark Jeremy M. , Yuan Yate-Ching , Chen Yuan , Vonderfecht Steven L. , Synold Timothy W. , Shi Yanhong , Reckamp Karen L. , Horne David , Malkas Linda H.
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an essential role in regulating DNA synthesis and repair and is indispensable to cancer cell growth and survival. We previously reported a novel cancer associated PCNA isoform (dubbed caPCNA), which was ubiquitously expressed in a broad range of cancer cells and tumor tissues, but not significantly in nonmalignant cells. We found the L126-Y133 region of caPCNA is structurally altered and more accessible to protein–protein interaction. A cell-permeable peptide harboring the L126-Y133 sequence blocked PCNA interaction in cancer cells and selectively kills cancer cells and xenograft tumors. On the basis of these findings, we sought small molecules targeting this peptide region as potential broad-spectrum anticancer agents.

Experimental Design:

By computer modeling and medicinal chemistry targeting a surface pocket partly delineated by the L126-Y133 region of PCNA, we identified a potent PCNA inhibitor (AOH1160) and characterized its therapeutic properties and potential toxicity.

Results:

AOH1160 selectively kills many types of cancer cells at below micromolar concentrations without causing significant toxicity to a broad range of nonmalignant cells. Mechanistically, AOH1160 interferes with DNA replication, blocks homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair, and causes cell-cycle arrest. It induces apoptosis in cancer cells and sensitizes them to cisplatin treatment. AOH1160 is orally available to animals and suppresses tumor growth in a dosage form compatible to clinical applications. Importantly, it does not cause significant toxicity at 2.5 times of an effective dose.

Conclusions:

These results demonstrated the favorable therapeutic properties and the potential of AOH1160 as a broad-spectrum therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Advanced and Accurate Mobile Health Tracking Devices Record New Cardiac Vital Signs
Authors: Modena Brian D. , Bellahsen Otmane , Nikzad Nima , Chieh Angela , Parikh Nathan , Dufek Danielle Marie , Ebner Gail , Topol Eric J. , Steinhubl Steven
Published: July 2018

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disease worldwide. As demands on an already resource-constrained healthcare system intensify, disease prevention in the future will likely depend on out-of-office monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors. Mobile health tracking devices that can track blood pressure and heart rate, in addition to new cardiac vital signs, such as physical activity level and pulse wave velocity (PWV), offer a promising solution. An initial barrier is the development of accurate and easily-scalable platforms. In this study, we made a customized smartphone app and used mobile health devices to track PWV, blood pressure, heart rate, physical activity, sleep duration, and multiple lifestyle risk factors in ≈250 adults for 17 continual weeks. Eligible participants were identified by a company database and then were consented and enrolled using only a smartphone app, without any special training given. Study participants reported high overall satisfaction, and 73% of participants were able to measure blood pressure and PWV, <1 hour apart, for at least 14 of 17 weeks. The study population’s blood pressure, PWV, heart rate, activity levels, sleep duration, and the interrelationships among these measurements were found to closely match either population averages or values obtained from studies performed in a controlled setting. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the accuracy and ease, as well as many challenges, of using mHealth technology to accurately track PWV and new cardiovascular vital signs at home.
A revision of unrevised taxon names in the former genus Taxilejeunea (Marchantiophyta: Lejeuneaceae) from Asia
Authors: LEE GAIK EE , BECHTELER JULIA , HEINRICHS JOCHEN
Published: July 2018

Recent molecular work has shown that the genus Taxilejeunea is a synonym of Lejeunea. This study deals with the status of unrevised taxon names in Taxilejeunea from Asia. Six species are transferred to Lejeunea (L. compressiuscula, L. javanensis, L. koordersii, L. giulianettii, L. splendida, L. tjibodensis) and two new varieties, L. discreta var. gracilipes, L. pulchriflora var. nymannii, are described. Seven new synonyms are proposed: Taxilejeunea cuspidata Steph. ex Schiffn. [= L. stevensiana (Steph.) Mizut.], T. deflexa Steph. [= L. microloba Taylor], T. laxiretis (Steph.) Eifrig [= L. sordida (Nees) Nees], T. longirostris Herzog [= L. mizutanii Grolle], T. obtusistipula Steph. [= L. albescens (Steph.) Mizut.], T. stephanii Eifrig [= L. discreta Lindenb.] and T. umbilicata f. brevirostris Eifrig [= L. umbilicata (Nees) Nees].
A new species, new synonymy and new records of Mexican and Central American Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors: ATKINSON THOMAS H.
Published: July 2018

Coptoborus silviasalasi Atkinson, new species is described from Oaxaca, Mexico. New synonyms include: Dryocoetoides capucinus Eichhoff, 1869 (=monachus Blandford, 1898) and Taurodemus sharpi Blandford, 1898 (= sharpi lenis Wood, 1974). Significant new distribution records are given for Xyleborini from Mexico and Central America.
Redescription, molecular features, and neotype deposition of Rhipicephalus pusillus Gil Collado and Ixodes ventalloi Gil Collado (Acari, Ixodidae)
Authors: ESTRADA-PEÑA AGUSTIN , VENZAL JOSÉ M. , NAVA SANTIAGO
Published: July 2018

Two species of ticks, Rhipicephalus pusillus Gil-Collado and Ixodes ventalloi Gil-Collado are redescribed, their molecular features (16S rDNA) compared with near species, and neotypes named and deposited. The male of R. pusillus is characterized by a smooth dorsal surface, with relatively short marginal grooves, not reaching the eyes and reaching the first festoon, longer than wide adanal plates, internally concave and widely rounded posteriorly, without internal spurs, accessory adanal plates not projecting over the cuticle, and a narrow, long and straight process on the spiracular plate. The female has very small porose areas, separated by 2.5-3 diameters, and a large triangular spur on the ventro-internal side of the palpal article 1. The nymph has lateral processes curved anteriorly in the ventral aspect of the basis capituli, long auriculae, and internal spurs on the four coxae. The larva of R. pusillus is separated by the presence of spurs on the ventral surface of palpal segment I, together with the rounded apices of the palpi. Features of 16S rDNA cluster this species near the R. sanguineus s.l. complex of species. The distinctive feature of the female of I. ventalloi is the long and curved auriculae, which are absent in every other species of Ixodes reported in the Western Palaearctic. The male is characterized by relatively long conscutal setae and deep and well defined cervical fields. The nymph is unique by having slightly apparent lateral carinae and small cornua, very abundant and long alloscutal setae, about six times longer than those on the scutum and internal spur of coxa I reaching coxa II. The larva of I. ventalloi has Md1-Md3 setae of the same size as the rest of the conscutal setae, which are only slightly longer than the scutal setae, cornua present, and anal groove clearly divergent. In addition to the unique combination of morphological features, the molecular 16rDNA sequence clearly separates I. ventalloi from other species of the I. ricinus group. We named and deposited in an internationally accessible collection the neotypes of both species, since the holotypes were lost.
Trzcianne – studium przypadku. Wojna polsko-polska o Żydów w relacjach świadków [Trzcianne – a case study. The Polish-Polish war over Jews in witness accounts]
Authors: Konopa Łukasz
Published: July 2018

Trzcianne – a case study. The Polish-Polish war over Jews in witness accountsŁukasz Konopa endeavors to reconstruct the process of the annihilation of Trzcianne, a town where the Jewish population was dominant before 1939. This case study is based on ethnographic interviews conducted presently with members of the Wasilewski family, the Righteous among the Nations, who both witnessed and participated in the events. The paper also refers to the accounts presented after the war by the surviving Jews and witness testimonies given during the trial conducted in 1950–51 against a few Poles accused of murdering Jews. In the course of his analysis, the author reveals the silence and secrecy surrounding the fact that some Poles were involved in the murder of Jews whereas those who risked their lives to help Jews were punished by their Polish neighbors after the war. The shameful episodes in the past of a small town in the Podlasie region were deleted from the local historical discourse. Trzcianne – studium przypadku. Wojna polsko-polska o Żydów w relacjach świadkówAutor podejmuje próbę rekonstrukcji obrazu zagłady Trzciannego, miejscowości, której ogromną większość populacji przed 1939 rokiem stanowili Żydzi. Studium przypadku oparte jest na wywiadach etnograficznych, przeprowadzonych współcześnie z członkami rodziny państwa Wasilewskich – świadkami oraz uczestnikami wydarzeń, Sprawiedliwymi wśród Narodów Świata. Przywołane zostają również relacje złożone po wojnie przez ocalałych Żydów oraz zeznania świadków z procesu sądowego kilku Polaków oskarżonych o mordowanie Żydów, prowadzonego w latach 1950–1951. W toku analiz autor odsłania przemilczaną i ukrywaną społecznie prawdę, iż niektórzy Polacy brali udział w mordowaniu osób wyznania mojżeszowego. Natomiast ci, którzy z narażeniem życia pomagali Żydom, ponieśli po wojnie karę ze strony swoich polskich sąsiadów. Wstydliwe epizody z przeszłości małego, podlaskiego miasteczka zostały wyparte z lokalnego dyskursu historycznego.
Odpowiedź Krzysztofowi Persakowi [Reply to Krzysztof Persak]
Authors: Tryczyk Mirosław
Published: July 2018

Reply to Krzysztof PersakThis is a reply to the review of author’s book Miasta śmierci. Sąsiedzkie pogromy Żydów [Cities of death. Jewish pogroms by neighbors] penned by Dr Krzysztof Persak in Zagłada Żydów (2016).Odpowiedź Krzysztofowi PersakowiOdpowiedź na recenzję książki autora, Miasta śmierci. Sąsiedzkie pogromy Żydów, pióra dra Krzysztofa Persaka, zamieszczoną w czasopiśmie „Zagłada Żydów” (2016).
Emotional Response Categorization in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Herry Caroline , Maintenant Célia , Blanchette Isabelle , Tricard Elodie , Gimenes Guillaume , Pennequin Valérie
Published: June 2018

Categorization is based on cognitive mechanisms allowing the development of internal representations of the environment that guide behavior. This study tests the influence of emotions on categorization in adolescents and young adults. After a mood induction (negative, positive, or neutral), we compared how 68 adolescents aged 13 to 15 and 57 young adults aged 21 to 29 categorized emotional concepts using a lexical emotional categorization task. Participants had to choose which of three associates, of different emotional valence (positive, negative or neutral), was more similar to a target concept. The aim of this study was to determine if adolescents rely on the emotional dimension in categorization more than adults. The results show that the emotional state can influence the cognitive process of categorization in adolescence, particularly in the negative mood.
Routine Psychological Testing of the Individual Is Not Valid
Authors: Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis , de Araujo Jhonys , do Nascimento Elizabeth , Jelihovschi Enio Galinkin
Published: June 2018

In this article, we present and argue our assertion that current routine psychological testing of individuals is not valid. To support our assertion, we review the concept of ergodicity, Birkhoff’s theorem, and Molenaar’s manifesto, which together support our contention that the direct transposition of population estimations for producing inferences about the individual is not valid. We argue that this practice of direct transposition is the root cause of why routine psychological testing of individual is not valid. We then provide an example of a common application of psychological testing of an individual, explaining why this practice is not valid. Finally, we discuss how the intraindividual (or within-person) approach provides some prospect for valid individual testing and also introduces new challenges. We hope that our questioning of current psychological testing practices motivates researchers to propose and study novel methodological propositions to address the issues raised by our assertion.
Tough Love: A Diasporic Critique of the Palestinian Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement
Authors: Ghabra Haneen S. , Hasian Marouf A.
Published: June 2018

The authors use a diasporic critique of Palestinian Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movements to argue that some of these movements undermine chances for two-state solutions.  The authors, provide a nuanced way of evaluating both the theoretical and pragmatic dimensions of BDS. The argument is advanced that those in the diaspora have a nomadic positionality that allows them to uniquely critique venues such as (BDS), The Electronic Intifada, and Mondoweiss as they analyze the rhetoric of Palestinian nationalist movements. Diasporic critiques are able to trace the fissures, the ossifications, and the ruptures that take place in the Middle East as various acts of territoriality, deterritoriality, and reterritorialization take place simultaneously.
Stochastic Model of Train Running Time and Arrival Delay: A Case Study of Wuhan–Guangzhou High-Speed Rail
Authors: Lessan Javad , Fu Liping , Wen Chao , Huang Ping , Jiang Chaozhe
Published: June 2018

Train operations are subject to stochastic variations, reducing service punctuality and thus the quality of service (QoS). Models of such variations are needed to evaluate and predict the potential impact of disturbances and to avoid service punctuality reduction in train service management and timetabling. In this paper, through a case study of the Wuhan–Guangzhou (WH–GZ) high-speed rail (HSR), we show how a wealth of train operation records can be used to model the stochastic nature of train operations at each level, section and station. Specifically, we examine different distribution models for running times of individual sections and show that the Log-logistic probability density function is the best distributional form to approximate the empirical distribution of running times on the specified line. Next, we show that the distribution of running times in each section can be used to accurately infer arrival delays. Consequently, we construct the underlying analytical model and derive the respective arrival delay distribution at the downstream stations. The results support the correctness of the model presented and show that the proposed model is suitable for constructing the distribution of arrival delays at every station of the specified line. We show that the integrated distribution models of running times and arrival delays, driven by empirical data, can also be used to evaluate the QoS at individual track sections.
Nonrecoverable Behavior of Polymer Modified and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Modified Binder under Different Multiple Stress Creep Recovery Tests
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Gu Xingyu , Jiang Jiwang , Ni Fujian , Jiang Yanxu
Published: June 2018

Chinese transportation agencies usually use the styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified binder and rejuvenators when applying higher reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in surface courses. However, the rutting performance of RAP binder containing SBS binder and rejuvenators remains a problem. In order to better evaluate the rutting performance of asphalt binder, recently, a multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test (AASHTO T 350) was proposed and approved. This paper critically reviewed the AASHTO T 350 test method and AASHTO M 332 specification by carrying out a series of MSCR tests. A total of 18 types of SBS modified and modified RAP binders were tested. The effect of a rejuvenator on the rutting performance was analyzed. Three different MSCR tests were conducted considering different stress levels and creep recovery cycles, including test conditions of AASHTO T 350. The results indicated that AASHTO T 350 can grade the binders based on the nonrecoverable creep compliance and stress sensitivity parameters. Since SBS modified binders always have lower Jnr values at lower stress levels, higher stress levels and more creep recovery cycles are recommended to better evaluate the rutting resistance of binder. The addition of RAP decreased the Jnr values while the addition of rejuvenator had the opposite effect. The added SBS modified binder and rejuvenator have a negligible effect on the percentage recovery. It is suggested that a suitable rejuvenator dosage and virgin binder type should be chosen carefully to guarantee the rutting performance of RAP binder.
Econometric Analysis of Monthly Peak-Hour and Total Usage Patterns of Hong Kong’s Cross-Harbor Tunnels
Authors: Woo Chi Keung , Cao Kang Hua , Cheng Yuk-shing , Shiu Alice , Li Raymond
Published: June 2018

As one of the most densely populated metropolises in the world, Hong Kong daily sees severe traffic delays at the Cross-Harbour Tunnel (CHT), though not at the Eastern Harbour Crossing (EHC) or the Western Harbour Crossing (WHC). In 2013, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) Government proposed raising the tolls of the publicly owned CHT and lowering those of the publicly owned EHC for nine vehicle types: private cars, motorcycles, taxis, three kinds of buses, and three kinds of goods vehicles. The privately owned WHC’s already high tolls, however, would remain unchanged. Using monthly usage and peak-hour usage data for January 2003 through June 2015, a Generalized Leontief demand system was estimated and found that private cars, motorcycles, and goods vehicles have price-sensitive tunnel usage patterns that are also time-dependent. The usage patterns of taxis and buses, which are public transportation vehicles, are totally price-insensitive. These findings suggest that the HKSAR Government’s proposed toll changes would reduce the CHT’s monthly usage by 7.4%–12.2%, and peak-hour usage by 5.0–16.8%. These usage reduction estimates suggest that a time-of-use (TOU) toll design can better manage CHT congestion than the current non-TOU design.
Modeling the Risk of Wrong-Way Driving Entry at the Exit Ramp Terminals of Full Diamond Interchanges
Authors: Atiquzzaman Md , Zhou Huaguo
Published: June 2018

Wrong-way driving (WWD) crashes are a critical safety issue on freeways. Although these crashes are rare and random in nature, they often result in severe injuries and/or fatalities. Typically, exit ramp terminals are the initial point of entry for wrong-way (WW) drivers on freeways. Therefore, it is important for transportation agencies to identify the exit ramp terminals with higher possibility of WW entries and apply safety countermeasures to reduce the chances of their occurrence. However, the random nature of WWD crashes and the difficulty in identifying the actual entry points makes it hard for transportation agencies to assess the risk of WWD at a particular exit ramp terminal and apply countermeasures accordingly. This study developed mathematical models for predicting the risk of WW entries at the exit ramp terminals of full diamond interchanges. The geometric design features, usage of traffic control devices, area type where the interchanges are located, and annual average daily traffic (AADT) at the exit ramp terminals with or without history of WWD were used as potential predictors of WW entry. Transportation agencies can use these models to assess the risk of WW entries at the exit ramp terminals within their jurisdictions and consider possible countermeasures. They also can be applied during the design phase to determine the combination of geometric design features and traffic control devices that ensures the least possibility of WW entry.
Vibro-acoustic and sound transmission loss analysis of truncated conical shell subjected to incident sound wave
Authors: Tebyanian Afshin , Ghazavi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2018

A combination of analytical method for shell vibration, boundary element method (BEM) for acoustic media of shell outer space, and finite element method (FEM) for shell inner space was used to study the vibro-acoustic behavior and extract sound transmission loss factor (STL) of a coupled vibro-acoustic system. The equation of motion of the shell is extracted based on the Donnell–Mushtari hypothesis and using Hamilton principles. The acoustic pressure on the outer and inner space is obtained using BEM on the defined nodes on the surface and these localized nodal pressures are converted to nodal concentrated forces. Finally, vibration of the coupled vibro-acoustic model is solved in frequency domain and vibration response of shell and acoustic pressure at any point in the media (outer, on the surface, and inner of shell) are obtained. Also, the STL of the shell is extracted based on the ratio of total acoustic energy received by the shell to that transferred to inner space.
Viscoelastic free vibration behavior of nano-scaled beams via finite element nonlocal integral elasticity approach
Authors: Naghinejad Maysam , Ovesy Hamid Reza
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the free-vibration behavior of viscoelastic nano-scaled beams is studied via the finite element (FE) method by implementing the principle of total potential energy and nonlocal integral theory. The formulations are derived based on the Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic model and Euler–Bernoulli beam theory considering the nonlocal integral theory. The eigenvalue problem of the free vibration is extracted by employing the variational relations. To the best of the authors knowledge it is the first time that the viscoelastic characteristics are implemented in the nonlocal integral FE method to study mechanical behavior of nano-scaled beams. Various boundary conditions can be properly modeled by the current method. Numerical results are compared with literature in order to validate the proposed approach. Then, the effects of nonlocal parameter, viscoelastic parameter, geometrical parameters and different boundary conditions on the complex natural frequencies of the nano-scaled Euler– Bernoulli beams are studied.
Phase dependent nonlinear parametrically excited systems
Authors: Zaghari Bahareh , Rustighi Emiliano , Ghandchi Tehrani Maryam
Published: June 2018

Nonlinear parametrically excited (NPE) systems govern the dynamics of many engineering applications, from cable-stayed bridges where vibrations need to be suppressed, to energy harvesters, transducers and acoustic amplifiers where vibrations need to be amplified. This work investigates the effect of different system parameters on the dynamics of a prototype NPE system. The NPE system in this work is a cantilever beam with an electromagnetic subsystem excited at its base. This system allows cubic stiffness, parametric stiffness, cubic parametric stiffness, and the phase difference between different sources of excitation to be varied independently to achieve different dynamic behaviors. A mathematical model is also derived, which provides theoretical understanding of the effects of these parameters and allows the analysis to be extended to other applications.