bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A brief overview of the therapeutic alliance: historical, theoretical and contemporary debates
Authors: Öz Tayfun
Published: December 2024

The therapeutic alliance has a historical importance in psychiatry, especially in the effectiveness of psychotherapies. The therapeutic alliance is a critical concept that reflects the quality of the relationship between the patient and the therapist in the psychotherapy process and for many clinicians it is the main factor in the patient's recovery. While a strong alliance increases the success of the therapy, in cases of weak alliance, it is difficult to achieve therapeutic goals. Although different psychotherapy approaches position the concept of therapeutic alliance differently, in the future, in-depth exploration of the therapeutic alliance in different contexts and populations will contribute to the scientific knowledge in this field. The therapeutic alliance is a valuable concept not only in psychotherapy, but also in every field of psychiatry, and even wherever there is a physician-patient relationship. In this article, the therapeutic alliance is examined in the historical process, its importance in psychotherapy is discussed, and the prevention of rupture or what to do in case of rupture is explained.
EDUCAÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA E SUSTENTABILIDADE: FORMANDO JOVENS PARA UM FUTURO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Rodrigues Nilton Antonio Azevedo
Published: December 2024

The intersection between entrepreneurial education and sustainability prepares young people to face contemporary challenges. The objective is to investigate how pedagogical practices can align the concepts of entrepreneurship and sustainability to train young people prepared to face the challenges of the future. Methodologically, this is a bibliographic study with a qualitative approach. Data were collected from publications on platforms such as Scielo, Google Scholar and virtual libraries. The results highlight the importance of educational initiatives that integrate these two pillars as fundamental strategies to train young people prepared for the job market and responsible for building a more just and sustainable society. It is concluded that entrepreneurial education associated with sustainability represents an effective way to transform the future of new generations.
DIGITAL MARKETING UNTUK PEMASARAN LAYANAN PERPUSTAKAAN
Authors: Khulzannah Miftha , Siregar Ahmad Zukhri
Published: December 2024

Latar belakang: Penelitian ini menganalisis pemanfaatan digital marketing untuk meningkatkan layanan perpustakaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan literature review.
Tujuan: Mengetahui teknik-teknik digital marketing yang dapat diimplementasikan untuk pemasaran layanan perpustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan literature review
Hasil: Teknik-teknik digital marketing seperti SEO, PPC Advertising, Content Marketing, Social Media Marketing, Email Marketing, Mobile Marketing, Affiliate Marketing, dan Influencer Marketing dapat diimplementasikan untuk memasarkan layanan perpustakaan secara efektif. Cara-cara memasarkan layanan perpustakaan termasuk mengoptimalkan website, memanfaatkan media sosial, membuat konten menarik, berkolaborasi dengan influencer, menggunakan email dan mobile marketing, mengadakan kegiatan menarik, dan melakukan riset serta evaluasi terus-menerus. Penting untuk menggunakan bahasa yang mudah dipahami, gambar, dan video menarik, serta merespons cepat terhadap interaksi dengan pengguna.
Kesimpulan: Perpustakaan perlu terus memantau tren digital marketing dan bersedia beradaptasi. Dengan menerapkan praktik-praktik terbaik ini, perpustakaan dapat memaksimalkan dampak digital marketing, menjangkau lebih banyak audiens, dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap layanan dan koleksi perpustakaan.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KESIAPAN MENARCHE PADA SISWI DI SMP NEGERI 1 NAINGGOLAN KABUPATEN SAMOSIR
Authors: Roos Etty Christina , Damanik Elsarika , Siahaan Julia Mahdalena , Sinurat Ervina Helen
Published: December 2024

Latar belakang: Kejadian menarche pada remaja putri menunjukkan adanya perubahan usia yang signifikan dari tahun ke tahun baik secara global maupun di Indonesia. Di Indonesia sendiri tahun 1970-an usia rata-rata remaja yang mengalami menarche berkisar 14-15 tahun, 1980-1990an turun menjadi 13-14 tahun, memasuki tahun 2000-an usia rata-rata menarche berkisar 12 tahun dan hingga kini menjadi 11-13 tahun. Perbedaan usia merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman seseorang akan sesuatu hal.
Tujuan: untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Kesiapan Menarche pada Siswi di SMP Negeri 1 Nainggolan Kabupaten Samosir. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini yaitu semua siswi kelas 7 SMP N 1 Nainggolan berjumlah 42 orang.
Metode: Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pengelolahan data dengan Chi Square diperoleh p-value = 0,003I yang berarti adanya hubungan pengetahuan dengan kesiapan menghadapi menarche pada siswi kelas 7 di SMP N 1 Nainggolan kabupaten Samosir.
Hasil: diharapkan ibu mampu melakukan pendekatan dan memberikan kebutuhan saat anak menghadapi menarche, juga guru sekolah kiranya dapat memberikan ilmu pengetahuan dan pendidikan kesehatan untuk mempersiapkan remaja perempuan dalam menghadapi menarche.
Kesimpulan hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan kesiapan remaja perempuan menghadapi menarche. Semakin baik pengetahuan terhadap menstruasi maka semakin siap mereka menghadapi menarche dan menstuasi.
The Relationship between Aortic Clamping Time and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratio in Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Durmaz Duygu , Gündöner Sedat
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between aortic clamp duration acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: This retrospective study included 96 patients who underwent elective isolated CABG at a single center between June 2021 and September 2023. Patients were divided into two groups according to median ACS: Group I (ACS <66.2 min, n=54) and Group II (ACS >66.2 min, n=42). Demographic data, pre-operative and 24-h post-operative platelet and lymphocyte counts, and operative details were recorded. PLR was calculated using the platelet/ lymphocyte formula. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences 25.0.

Results: The mean ages of Group I and Group II were 63.6±8.8 and 66±8.9 years, respectively (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in pre- and post-operative PLR values between the groups (p>0.05). There was no correlation between post-operative PLR and the duration of CPB and ACS (p>0.05). However, there was a strong positive correlation between CPB and ACS durations (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The study revealed that there was no significant correlation between post-operative PLR and perioperative ACS and CPB durations. While post-operative PLR increased significantly in both groups, this increase was not associated with the duration of ACS or CPB. PLR may be a useful biomarker in determining inflammation and adverse outcomes in CABG, but larger-scale, randomized, prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
CRITERION COMPREHENSION OF THE STUDY OF THE READINESS OF FUTURE SOCIAL WORKERS TO WORK WITH SOCIALLY EXCLUDED YOUTH
Authors: Savytska Anna
Published: December 2024

The article defines that social workers play a key role in working with socially excluded youth. It is found that in order to work effectively, social workers must have the appropriate competencies that determine the component of readiness for work. It is emphasized that the problem of determining the readiness of future social workers to work with socially excluded youth is associated with the complexity of assessing its level. It is substantiated that the study of the level of readiness of future social workers to work with socially excluded youth is considered as a purposeful process, which involves a comprehensive determination of the degree of compliance of the real state with each criterion according to the formed indicators.

The criterion comprehension of the readiness of future social workers for work is studied. The criteria and indicators of readiness of future social workers to work with socially excluded youth are highlighted: indicators of the personal and motivational criterion are determined by a high degree of personal and professional motivation for a positive desire for self-education; indicators of the formation of the cognitive criterion determine the need to replenish the versatile knowledge of future social workers; indicators of the activity-practical criterion determine the formation of the ability of future social workers to apply the acquired knowledge in the implementation of professional activities and behavioral disposition to work with socially excluded youth; The orientation and evaluation criterion is determined by the indicators of effective self-esteem, which indicates the awareness of the significance of personal characteristics in the process of becoming a highly qualified specialist who meets the conditions of our time. A characteristic of the levels of readiness of future social workers to work with socially excluded youth is presented – low (nominal), medium (satisfactory), sufficient (optimal).

It is generalized that the developed and substantiated criteria, indicators and levels of readiness of future social workers to work with socially excluded youth will allow to study the state of its formation at different stages of the process of professional training of specialists. Thanks to them, we can identify difficulties and ways to improve the personal and professional qualities of future specialists.
FORMATION OF DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF A FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER
Authors: Vasylykiv Ivan , Kovalchuk Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The article examines the essence of the concept of "digital competence" and establishes that it is an important component of the general professional competence of a modern teacher. Its components and content are outlined, it is stated that digital competence includes interaction with digital devices and modern technologies for learning, work and social activities. Particular attention is paid to the conditions for future elementary school teachers to acquire digital competence in the modern digital informational educational environment. The main advantages of the modern digital information educational environment are: ensuring wide access to learning at a convenient time and, accordingly, increasing the speed of passing the educational program by individual students; creation of conditions for implementation of differentiated and complex training; changing the main role of designing educational tasks from the role of the teacher; transformation of the organization, management and evaluation of education, presentation of educational materials and management of the educational process. It has been proven that digital competence requires constant development for effective professional activity in today's changing environment. Acquiring digital competence contributes to the general development of the competencies of the future primary school teacher, increases his professional skills, ensures competitiveness in the labor market, promotes personal development, continuous education, develops the ability to apply acquired knowledge and integrate it into existing knowledge, actively use digital technologies in the educational process, increases the quality of education. The formation and development of digital competence is considered as a process of acquiring stable, integrated and systematized knowledge in pedagogy, psychology, informatics, computer technologies, teaching methods, the ability to apply them in new situations, personal qualities and the ability to achieve significant results in professional activities. It can be concluded that the implementation of digital technologies in education is not only the use of new digital tools, but above all the creation of an environment that offers innovative learning opportunities, designing individual educational routes and creating unique educational electronic/digital products.
Tersakan ve Bolluk Göllerindeki (Konya) Yıllık ve Aylık Su Yüzeyi Değişimlerinin Uydu Görüntüleri İle Analizi
Authors: Uzun Murat
Published: December 2024

Göller, farklı oluşum kökenleri, dinamik yapısı, coğrafi bilişenleri barındırma ve etkileşim potansiyeli nedeniyle daimî değişim alanlarından biridir. Bu bakımdan göllerin uzun ve kısa dönemli değişim sonuçları, gelecek tahminleri, yönetim ve planlama alanlarında kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizin İç Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Tersakan ve Bolluk Göllerinin (Konya) uzun dönemli (1984-2024), kısa dönemli (2018-2023) ve yıl içerisinde aylık su yüzey değişimlerinin uydu görüntüleri üzerinden karşılaştırmalı analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada uzun dönemli analizler için Landsat 1984-2024 yılları arası 5 yıllık dönemlerde nisan ve ağustos ayları kapsamındaki uydu görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kısa dönemli aylık veriler için daha yüksek çözünürlük sunan Sentinel 2 MSI uydu görüntülerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda toplam 26 farklı tarihteki uydu görüntüleri temin edilmiş, Normalize Farkı Su İndisi (NDWI) ve eşik yöntemi ile su yüzeyi çıkarımı yapılmıştır. Daha sonra elde edilen veriler kartografik ve kantitatif olarak analizlere tabi tutulmuş ve karşılaştırmıştır. Analiz sonuçları 1984’den 2024’e her iki gölünde su yüzey alanının %70 oranında küçüldüğünü göstermektedir. Kısa dönemli göl yüzeyi değişim sonuçları, Tersakan Gölü’nün 2018’den 2023’e %8,7 küçüldüğünü, Bolluk Gölü’nün ise bu dönemde %44 oranında küçüldüğünü ortaya koyar. Aylık analiz bulgularından her iki gölde de 5 ay ortalamanın üstünde, 7 ay ortalamanın altında su yüzeyinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En geniş alanlı su yüzeylerinin şubat, mart, nisan ve aralık aylarında olduğu diğer aylarda göl çanağının büyük bölümünün kuruduğu saptanmıştır. Her iki gölde de 12 ay suyla kaplı sahalarının toplam göl su yüzeyi alanının sadece % 2’sini oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir.
OPTIMIZATION OF PHYSICAL AND GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF A CIRCULAR AXISYMMETRIC DIAPHRAGM WITH A RIGID CENTER
Authors:   D.  Serikbayev  East  Kazakhstan  technical    university, Abdeev B. , Khapin A. , Makhiyev B. , Aldungarova A. ,   Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Aitkazina A. ,   D.  Serikbayev  East  Kazakhstan  technical  university
Published: December 2024

The mathematical model of an isotropic circular plate-membrane with a non-deformable fixed central
disk loaded by a uniformly distributed static load is considered in a linear formulation. On this basis, the extreme
problem of determining the rational physical and geometrical characteristics of an elastic element from the condition
of the maximum of the target function of the thrust (permutation) force with two coupling equations in the form of the
classical Huber-Genke-Mises strength hypothesis and a geometrical relation limiting the membrane thickness in
accordance with the known fundamental Kirchhoff assumptions of the technical theory of small plate bending is solved.
To illustrate the proposed algorithm and calculation procedure, a numerical example of the selection of optimum
parameters of a manganese steel diaphragm with given dimensions of thickness and outer radius is presented. The
results of the work can be used in the process of designing high-precision membrane-type pressure gauges, widely used
in mechanical engineering, aviation, instrumentation, and construction in the design of pressure tanks with controlled
excess pressure of gas or liquid.
MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Authors:   Karaganda Technical  University  named  after  Abylkas  Saginov,, Akhmetov B. , Serova R.
Published: December 2024

A comprehensive study of the operational reliability of reinforced concrete structures of residential
buildings includes an analysis of design documentation, inspection of the site, strength and deformation tests, and an
assessment of the impact of the environment. This allows you to identify defects, determine the current condition and
reliability of structures, and identify elements that require repair or replacement. The key aspects are the
characteristics of the structures, expected operational loads and the impact of external factors. An integrated approach
ensures a comprehensive assessment of the condition and reliability of reinforced concrete structures.
A comprehensive survey of the technical condition of reinforced concrete structures (foundation and floor slabs)
of a five-story residential building was carried out in accordance with SP RK 1.04.101-2012. It was found that the
structures are in good condition, but some defects were identified that require compliance with the rules of technical
operation.
The conducted survey of the reinforced concrete structures of the five-story residential building made it possible to
assess their technical condition. The foundation and floor slabs are in good condition, without serious defects.
However, some minor defects have been identified, such as hairline cracks in the slabs, which do not affect the load-
bearing capacity. To ensure the durability of the structures, compliance with technical operation rules is required.
«STONE» MOSQUES OF EASTERN KAZAKHSTAN: TO THE PROBLEM OF SOURCES FOR MODERN REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   International Educational Corporation, Baitenov E.M. , Espenbet A.S.
Published: December 2024

The «stone» mosques, i.e. constructed from burnt brick in cities of Eastern Kazakhstan, represent a
distinctive phenomenon of regional architecture, of the period - 19th-the early 20th century. Moreover, even in
conjunction with wooden mosques, built before the "stone" ones, they represent variations within well-established
tradition. Nevertheless, the renewed construction of mosques in cities of Eastern Kazakhstan since the 1990s completely
disregards this tradition legitimized by centuries. The article is devoted to this regional phenomenon, analyses
architecture of mosques in terms of its use in architectural practice of erecting monumental buildings and to outline
possible paths for monuments study. Numerous mentions in literature of Eastern Kazakhstan mosques and individual
studies, which provide their descriptions and even stylistic analysis (in the context of Eastern Kazakhstan architecture
of 19th-early 20th century), however, didn't consider these monuments in terms of their continuity for creation of
modern regional architecture, i.e. "stone" mosques as a source for creation of up to date architecture. This article,
doesn't provide brief architectural and artistic analysis of mosques only but also, uses comparative and systematic
analysis analyses, to identify the compositional principles that demonstrate their architecture. As a result of the
conducted research, compositional principles underlying the architecture of Eastern Kazakhstan mosques were
identified. This primarily concerns the volumetric-spatial structure of mosques, built on the longitudinal-axial
principle. It is proposed to use both the stylistic composition of these monuments, namely eclecticism, but in a
reinterpreted form, and the architectural-artistic discoveries that enrich architecture of mosques.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SILICATE BRICKS BASED ON GLASS RESIDUE
Authors:   West Kazakhstan agrarian and technical university named  after Zhangir Khan, Tuleugaliyeva Z. , Imangali A. , Mazhitov E. , Zharylgapov S. , Ryskaliev M.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the use of machinery and technology in various industries along with the
development of productive forces in the era of modern scientific and technological progress. Therefore, conducting
scientific and experimental research in this direction is an urgent problem, since the use of new raw materials, taking
into account its chemical and mineralogical composition and physico-mechanical properties, the use of glass powder
in the composition requires new scientific approaches to the development of technological parameters for the
production of silicate bricks.
Types of silicate bricks are lime-slag and lime-ash bricks. They are characterized by low density and thermal
insulation properties of ordinary silicate bricks. For their preparation, slags or ash are used instead of quartz sand.
The quality and technology of silicate brick production will depend on the physical an d chemical characteristics
of the raw materials. If a small leak goes away from some indicators, then there will be an impact on the product
parameters. Therefore, we must correctly determine the chemical, mineralogical and powdery degree of the raw
material to which the glass residue is added, and create conditions for finding the optimal autoclave treatment and
molding composition that affects the density and strength of the brick.
Design Framework of Expert System Program in Otolaryngology Disease Diagnosis use Extreme Programming (XP)Method(Case Study in THB Bekasi Hospital)
Authors: Melyani Melyani , Prasetyo Trisna Fajar , Rahadjeng Indra Riyana , Mufid Zainul , Rafik Ahmad , Shaura Rizkiana Karmelia , Daniel Daniel , Emita Isyana
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) diseases presents diagnostic challenges, especially in resource-limited settings. At THB Bekasi Hospital, constrained specialist availability and long consultation queues highlight the need for an accessible diagnostic solution. This study aims to develop an expert system for diagnosing ENT diseases using the Extreme Programming (XP) methodology, incorporating the forward chaining technique for inference. The research includes assessment, knowledge acquisition through expert consultations, system design, and rigorous testing. The system was developed as a mobile application using Android Studio, enabling users to input symptoms and receive real-time diagnostic insights. The knowledge base integrates data from medical experts, synthesizing 11 diseases and 35 symptoms into a robust decision-making framework. The diagnostic process applies predefined rules to ensure accuracy in identifying conditions such as sinusitis, laryngitis, and otitis. Evaluation results demonstrate a 100% match accuracy during testing with 15 test cases, confirming the system’s reliability. The application offers users rapid diagnostic assistance, promoting timely treatment for ENT issues, although it does not substitute medical professionals. By leveraging ubiquitous smartphone access, this system addresses gaps in healthcare accessibility and enhances patient autonomy. This research contributes a scalable framework for deploying expert systems in other medical domains. Future improvements include integrating geolocation services for nearby specialist referrals and adopting backward chaining for more complex diagnoses, thereby broadening its applicability and utility
Analisis Pengaruh Konsumsi Zat Gizi Mikro dengan Kejadian Dismenorea Primer pada Mahasiswi Kebidanan
Authors: MAISYAROH YUSNINA
Published: December 2024

Terdapat sebanyak 72,89 % angka kejadian dismenorea primer di Indonesia. Dismenore primer merupakan gangguan saat menstruasi yang dialami oleh banyak wanita, termasuk mahasiswi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi zat gizi mikro (mikronutrien) dengan kejadian dismenorea primer pada mahasiswi kebidanan di Universitas Aufa Royhan Padangsidimpuan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study, melibatkan 52 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara online melalui pengisian kuesioner Google Form (data karakteristik dan asupan konsumsi zat gizi mikro). Sejumlah 88,5% responden mengalami dismenorea primer ketika menstruasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi chi-square terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi zat gizi mikro dengan kejadian dismenorea primer. Nilai p-value konsumsi buah setiap hari dengan kejadian dismenorea primer adalah p=0,040 dan nilai konsumsi sayur setiap hari adalah p=0,032. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara dismenore primer dengan konsumsi zat gizi mikro (p<0,05). Konsumsi buah dan sayur setiap hari dianjurkan kepada mahasiswa kebidanan untuk mengurangi kejadian dismenorea primer pada mahasiswa tersebut. Selain mengurangi kejadian dismenorea primer, konsumsi cukup buah dan sayur setiap hari dapat mendukung asupan zat gizi mikro yang dibutuhkan mahasiswa kebidanan setiap hari.
Mapping Technology Acceptance Research in MSMEs
Authors: Rahmanda Putra Rifki , Rahmat Jaya Nono , Setiawan Adi
Published: December 2024

MSMEs contribute significantly to the Indonesian economy but often face challenges in technology adoption. This research identifies factors and barriers to technology acceptance in MSMEs, aims to formulate support strategies, and highlights the role of all in increasing technology acceptance. The results are expected to provide practical solutions for the MSME sector. This research uses qualitative methods with bibliometric techniques using the Vosviewers application. Searches used keywords such as external stimuli, Obstacle, Opportunity, Challenge, Cognitive response, and Readiness. The idea was to search for articles via Publish or Perish with 762 articles, which were then processed using VosViewers. The analysis results found that scientific mapping and the possibility of future research regarding technology acceptance could be used as a recommendation variable for future researchers as a reference for subsequent articles.
Isolation and Fractionation of Lignin from Sugar Cane Bagasse (Saccharum Officinarum L.) as an Antioxidant
Authors: Tresia Marbun Shondang
Published: December 2024

Bagasse is one of the solid wastes of the sugar cane industry, and it contains lignin fibre. Lignin from sugarcane bagasse is also known to have relatively high antioxidant activity. Sugarcane bagasse antioxidants can stabilize free radicals by completing free radicals’ lack of electrons and inhibiting chain reactions from forming free radicals. This type of research is laboratory experimental research (actual experiment design). In this research, lignin isolation and fractionation will be carried out from sugarcane bagasse to obtain lignin fractions with antioxidant activity. The percentage of lignin yield from this process is around 72.85%. The IR spectrum resulting from isolation from sugarcane bagasse has a typical absorption peak of aliphatic and aromatic –CH at a wave number of 2919.7/cm. The antioxidant activity of the lignin fraction from sugarcane bagasse was determined using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method using four solvents, namely ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. Based on the level of antioxidant strength, the strength level is 50 powerful, 50-100 strong, 100-250 medium, 250-500 weak and 500 inactive; therefore, the results of testing the most potent antioxidant activity in the acetone fraction were found to be ??50 50, 6755 mg/L and weak antioxidant activity was found in the methanol fraction, the result was ??50 68.8503.
Semiotic Analysis of the Russia-Ukraine War Images in the USA’s TIME Magazine
Authors: Riaz Maham , Naeem Tamsila , Zafar Ayesha
Published: December 2024

War is never a panacea for any conflict. With the expansion of NATO towards the east and Ukraine’s interest in its membership, things have become quite problematic for Russia in the security paradigm. Both Ukraine and the West have neglected the security concerns of Russia that could arise if Ukraine joins NATO. This paper explores the inhumane and despotic reality of the Russia-Ukraine war on the innocent and faultless civilians of Ukraine with the help of war photography. These images are semiotically analyzed through the critical approach of Gillian Rose which she put forward in 2001. The nature of this research is descriptive-qualitative. Six images of this war are taken from TIME, an American magazine. The results of this research highlight the gory nature of war. It also portrays that the civilians have to bear the repercussions of the political tensions between the states and of the geo-strategic interests on the international stage. This study also suggests that the main essence of life is peace. Any Gordian knot can be undone with diplomacy and debate.
Confronting the Nihilistic Abyss: Active and Passive Nihilists in Philip Larkin’s Poetry
Authors: Chaudry Saima Najib , Munir Aniqa , Anum Faiza
Published: December 2024

This research serves to identify and distinguish the active and passive nihilists in Philip Larkin’s poetry based on their varied responses to the nihilistic phenomenon. Although considerable critique exists in relation to the nihilistic attributes in Larkin’s poetry, the differentiation of nihilists into two types - active and passive - has not been explored in depth in the current literary research on Larkin. The aim of this study, therefore, is to evaluate the markedly different ways in which Larkin’s poetic personae confront the absence of meaning.  As a theoretical premise, this research incorporates the Nietzschean framework of nihilism and draws on the perspectives offered by Keiji Nishitani, Ashley Woodward, and Krzysztof Michalski. A confrontation with the nihilistic abyss elicits different reactions from the active and passive nihilists evident in Larkin’s verse. Passive nihilists resist any form of change that would disrupt the status quo, whereas active nihilists bravely assume the challenge of deconstructing all existing norms. Furthermore, passive nihilists in Larkin’s poetry are characterized by a sense of resignation and voluntary escapism in relation to meaningless oblivion. For the active nihilists, however, all forms of escape are inherently disappointing since they recognize the ephemeral nature of transient fulfillment. By discarding all illusions and subjecting the socially sanctioned values to skepticism, the active nihilists in Larkin’s verse are able to create space for self-transformation, thereby carving out a meaningful alternative to previously held values.
Maximizing Cereal Yields in South Asia: The Impact of Agricultural Inputs
Authors: Alam Aemon , Hasan Hamid , Rehman Hafiz Abdur , Rauf Rashid
Published: December 2024

Food security is a top priority of developing countries. Most of these countries are highly populated and face issues of low agricultural productivity and food poverty. In these nations, being self-sufficient in food supplies is a highly desired objective. This study aimed to determine the comparative impact of different inputs on the production of cereals in South Asia. The data used for the study is taken from the World Development Indicators (WDI), which spans the years 1990 to 2021. Owing to the nature of the data, the panel data model was used for analysis. All three-panel model techniques of pooled OLS, fixed effect, and random effects are employed for analysis. Nonetheless, fertilizer consumption, agricultural machinery in the form of tractors, and annual freshwater withdrawal are found to have a positive and significant impact on the output of cereal crops in the sample countries according to a large number of the model results. However, the results for the labor force and land are significant and inversely related to those for cereal crop production in the sample countries, which may be due to the predominance of capital-intensive agriculture. The results of this study will assist South Asian nations in addressing concerns about food supply and self-sufficiency more effectively. A lot of research has looked at how inputs affect agricultural productivity at the national or subnational level. In this study, the effects of several closely related agricultural inputs on "cereal production for entire South Asia" were examined. By changing investment, policy, market behavior, and overall agricultural productivity, the study will have a major economic impact on economies.
Navigating Poverty: The Role of Internal Migration and Remittances in Pakistan
Authors: Shair Waqas , Shahzad Khurram , Tayyab Muhammad , Nadeem Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Internal migration and remittance inflows play a critical role in shaping the socio-economic dynamics of households, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. Understanding the factors driving migration and the subsequent impact of remittances on poverty is essential to designing policies that effectively address poverty and improve living standards for vulnerable populations. This study investigates the factors influencing the incidence of internal migration and compares poverty levels between households that receive internal remittances and those that do not. Additionally, it assesses the impact of remittance inflows on the poverty status of recipient households. The research utilizes data from the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement–Household Integrated Economic Survey (PSLM – HIES 2018-2019). A logistic regression model was employed due to the binary nature of the dependent variables. The regression analysis identified various demographic factors of household heads and household characteristics that impact the incidence of internal migration. The analysis shows that households receiving internal remittances are less likely to be in poverty compared to those who do not receive remittances. The empirical analysis reveals a significant inverse relationship between the amount of monthly remittances received and the probability of household poverty. It also shows that remittances equivalent to the minimum wage can reduce the poverty incidence to below forty percent. The insights from this study are vital for the formulation of targeted social and economic policies aimed at harnessing the potential benefits of remittances in mitigating poverty among migrant-sending communities.
Intensity and prevalence of ectoparasites infesting Indonesian mangrove crabs (Scylla serrata): A study in Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Nisa Nurian , Akbar Said A. , Perdana Adli W. , Aleid Layan KM. , Wikurendra Edza A.
Published: December 2024

Mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) is a fishery commodity that has high economic value. The supply of mangrove crabs in Indonesia is still dominated by wild catches. One of the places to catch mangrove crabs is in the Mangrove Area of ​​Deah Raya Village, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Mud crabs are very susceptible to infestation by pathogens in their environment. Pathogens that are often found infesting mud crabs are parasites. Ectoparasite attacks are very dangerous for mud crabs because they can damage the body organs of mud crabs. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the level of intensity and prevalence of ectoparasites in mud crabs (Scylla serrata) caught by fishermen in Deah Raya Village. This research uses a survey method with a purposive sampling method. Ectoparasite examination is carried out using the smear method. This research was conducted at the Hatchery Laboratory of the Faculty of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in May 2024. Thirty crabs (Scylla serrata) were randomly sampled from the mangrove area in ​​Deah Raya Village, Syiah Kuala District, and observed for the presence of ectoparasites. The observations revealed that the crabs were infested by ectoparasites from the protozoa phylum (such as Zoothamnium sp., Epistylis sp., and Vorticella sp.) and from the arthropod phylum (Octolasmis sp.). Infestation by Zoothamnium sp. was found as the most prevalent (n=15, 50%), followed by Epistylis sp. (n=6, 20%), Vorticella sp (n=3, 10%), and Octolasmis sp (n=3, 10%). The infestation intensity for Zoothamnium was 7.5 individuals per crab, Epistylis sp. 5.0 individuals per crab, Vorticella sp. 2 individuals per crab, and Octolasmis sp. 1 individual per crab. Considering the high prevalence and intensity of Zoothamnium sp. in the mangrove crabs, the mitigating efforts can be focused on this ectoparasite.
Fabrication and characterization of SiO2-embedded castor oil-based membrane (Ricinus communis L) for aqueous Fe adsorption
Authors: Nisah Khairun , Khairi Miratul , Sukandar Redha , Nuzlia Cut , Nasution Reni S. , Ilhami Syarifa , Chiari Williams
Published: December 2024

Castor seed oil (Ricinus communis L) can be utilized for the manufacturing of membranes reacted with toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The aim of this study was to examine the effect and membrane characteristics of castor seed oil with a combination of silica used as an adsorbent, with a combination of silica (SiO2) 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 1.5 mg, and 2 mg. The initial analysis of the membrane was carried out with a swelling test of 1.5 mg of silica variation to obtain the most ideal result of 200%. The best chemical resistance characterization occurred at a variation of 1.5 mg of silica. Further characterization, particularly the FTIR test, thermal test, mechanical test, and SEM test, showed that there were Si-O groups and amine groups (NH2), and on the membrane there were groups OH, C=O, and NH. The thermal characterization of the silica membrane (1.5 mg) gave the greatest residue concentration, measuring 3.2%. In mechanical terms, the silica membrane has a higher elongation value than the membrane. In SEM characterization, the silica membrane has holes and is solid. This study indicated that the highest drop in Fe metal occurred at an immersion period of 6 hours with a combination of silica with a flux value of 9.25 L/m2 hour and a rejection value of 0.098%.
Novel approach of determining the best absorbent for the quantification of aqueous analyte using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): Zeolite versus bentonite
Authors: Ahmad Khairunnas , Prasetyo Siswoyo , Zaitun Zaitun , Hajashafira Ceudah
Published: December 2024

Heavy metal pollution, particularly from sources like lead (Pb), poses significant risks to human health and the environment. Monitoring heavy metal contamination is essential, and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising technique for this purpose. However, matrix effects, particularly from adsorbent materials like zeolite and bentonite, can influence the accuracy of LIBS measurements. This study aims to investigate the matrix effects of zeolite and bentonite on the measurement of Pb using LIBS, focusing on how the physical and chemical properties of these materials impact the detection of Pb emission lines. Zeolite and bentonite samples were prepared by grinding and sieving to obtain powders with particle sizes less than 74 µm. These powders were then mixed with varying weights of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) and pelletized to create uniform samples. The pellets were analyzed using LIBS, employing a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The emitted plasma light was collected and transmitted to a spectrometer equipped with an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera. The spectral data were accumulated over 10 laser shots to ensure accuracy in detecting the elemental composition. The study found that the matrix effects from bentonite and zeolite significantly influenced the intensity and clarity of Pb emission lines. Bentonite showed a stronger influence on Pb detection, particularly due to the presence of Fe and Ti, which affected the Pb I lines at 405.8 nm and 368.3 nm. In contrast, zeolite exhibited fewer interferences, but the matrix effect was still evident. The matrix effects of zeolite and bentonite, derived from their physical and chemical properties, significantly impact Pb measurements using LIBS. Further research into different adsorbents and their matrix effects is warranted to improve the accuracy of LIBS in heavy metal analysis.
Relationship between urinary bisphenol A and age at menarche among adolescent girls: A study in Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Vriancha A. , Arto Karina S. , Lubis Aridamuriany D. , Dangana Amos , Chiu Yao-Hsuan
Published: December 2024

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical widely used in various consumer products. Due to its estrogenic properties, BPA exposure is suspected to influence reproductive development, particularly the timing of menarche in adolescent girls. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between urinary BPA levels and the age at menarche among adolescent girls in Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2023 involving 30 adolescent girls aged 9–14 years attending junior high school in Sumatera Utara. Data on age, body weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were collected. Urinary BPA levels were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to determine the association between BPA detection and age at menarche. BPA was detected in the urine of 3 out of 30 participants. The median age at menarche for girls with detectable BPA was 11 years, while those without detectable BPA had a median age of 11 (ranging from 10 to 12 years). The difference in age at menarche between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.646). In conclusion, this study did not find a significant association between urinary BPA levels and the timing of menarche among adolescent girls in Sumatera Utara Province. Further research with a larger sample size and consideration of additional confounding factors is recommended to better understand the potential impact of BPA on pubertal development.
Analisis Postur Pekerja Menggunakan Metode REBA dan RULA Pada Proses Pengelasan di PT. Ravana Jaya
Authors: Fiih Ahmad Laaroiba , Jufriyanto Moh. , Hidayat Hidayat , Muhammad Katon
Published: December 2024

Penelitian dilakukan di PT. Ravana Jaya, perusahaan ini merupakan perusahaan berdiri di bidang manufaktur dengan menjual produk besi atau baja untuk diproduksi sesuai pemesanan pelanggan, dalam pengerjaanya proses produksi ini sangatlah berbahaya dan juga ekstrim, dikarenakan pekerja mendapati mesin dan alat yang cukup bahaya, tak hanya resiko bahaya namun juga menimbulkan resiko ergonomi keluhan otot pada pekerja, hal ini menjadi topik permasalahan yang diangkat oleh penulis untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Dalam pengukurannya peneliti menggunakan metode REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), dan metode RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assesment) untuk perhitungan ini sedikit berbeda, yakni Rapid Upper Limb Assesment mengukur keluhan tubuh bagian atas seperti leher hingga lengan, sedangnkan Rapid Entire Body Assessment mengukur tubuh bagian bawah. Dari hasil penelitian ini, menghasilkan skor Rapid Entire Body Assessment proses pengelasan dengan senilai 7, yakni harus segera dilakukan perbaikan. Sedangkan dengan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assesment hasilnya yakni sebesar 6 dengan nilai keputusan harus segera di inpeksi dan juga dilakukan perbaikan. Dari adanya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meringankan keluhan pada pekerja dan memberikan kenyamanan ketika bekerja.
Analisis Resiko Musculoskeletal pada Tuan S Pengemudi Ojek Online di Yogyakarta Melalui Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assesment
Authors: Nugroho Arief Yuli , Setiyawan Bagus Putra , Yusuf Arya
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan transportasi ojek online di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan jumlah yang sangat besar dan meluas dengan populasi yang tercatat sebanyak 7.6 juta kendaraan pada tahun 2023, salah satu daerah yang memiliki populasi ojek online yang cukup besar adalah pada provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Kehadiran ojek online yang semakin berkembang tentu memberikan dampak dan manfaat yang sangat dirasakan oleh masyarakat. Padatnya aktivitas pengemudi ojek online tentu memberikan resiko keluhan musculosketal yang dialami oleh pengemudi ojek online, salah satunya adalah Tuan S yang mengeluhkan terjadi nyeri pada bagian punggung atas hingga bawah yang diakibatkan oleh posisi mengemudi yang kurang baik. Hal tersebut tentu dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan Tuan S yang dapat berdampak pada kurang optimalnya pelayanan yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan menganalisis serta mengidentifikasi postur tubuh pengemudi ojek online dan resiko yang timbul akibat perilaku kerja yang dilakukan. Analisis serta penilaian resiko kerja menggunakan metode Nordic Body Map serta Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA) yang meninjau keluhan yang dialami oleh Tuan S pada tubuh bagian atas, hasil dari analisis serta penilaian yang dilaksanakan akan menjadi evaluasi posisi kerja yang baik sehingga dapat meminimalisir resiko kerja yang ditimbulkan.
Penentuan Reseller Terbaik Menggunakan Kombinasi Metode CRITIC-MAIRCA
Authors: Wahyudi Agung Deni
Published: December 2024

Reseller terbaik adalah individu atau perusahaan yang mampu memberikan pelayanan prima dengan menawarkan produk berkualitas tinggi, harga yang kompetitif, serta pengalaman pelanggan yang memuaskan. Masalah dalam pemilihan reseller terbaik sering kali terkait dengan kesulitan dalam menilai kinerja dan potensi reseller secara objektif. Salah satu masalah utama adalah kurangnya data yang akurat dan terperinci mengenai performa reseller, seperti tingkat kepuasan pelanggan, kecepatan pengiriman, atau kemampuan untuk memenuhi target penjualan. Selain itu, ketergantungan pada hubungan personal atau preferensi subjektif dalam memilih reseller dapat menyebabkan bias, dengan kombinasi CRITIC dan MAIRCA menggunakan mampu meminimalkan bias subjektivitas dalam pembobotan kriteria, sehingga menghasilkan keputusan yang lebih objektif dan akurat. Tujuan penelitian dari Kombinasi Metode Pembobotan CRITIC dan MAIRCA untuk penentuan reseller terbaik adalah untuk mengembangkan dan menerapkan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu perusahaan dalam memilih reseller terbaik secara objektif dan akurat. Melalui kombinasi kedua metode ini, penelitian ini dapat mengurangi bias dalam penilaian dan memberikan rekomendasi yang lebih transparan dan akurat mengenai reseller yang terbaik, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang paling relevan dalam pemilihan. Hasil perankingan reseller terbaik didapat oleh Reseller F memperoleh nilai tertinggi sebesar 0,09, menjadikannya reseller terbaik dalam evaluasi ini. Di posisi kedua adalah Reseller D dengan nilai 0,0693, diikuti oleh Reseller C dengan nilai 0,0642.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Beras Berbasis Web
Authors: Kamaludin Mubarok Muhamad , Hendrawan Ade Hendri , Ritzkal Ritzkal
Published: December 2024

Sistem informasi penjualan beras berbasis web dirancang untuk mengelola proses penjualan beras secara efisien dan terorganisir. Sistem ini mengintegrasikan berbagai fitur, seperti pencatatan transaksi, manajemen stok, pemrosesan pesanan, pembayaran, dan pelaporan penjualan. Tujuan utama pengembangan sistem adalah mengurangi kesalahan manual, meningkatkan akurasi data, serta mempercepat proses penjualan. Hasil pengujian menggunakan metode black box menunjukkan bahwa seluruh fungsi utama sistem, seperti login, pengelolaan data pelanggan, transaksi penjualan, dan laporan penjualan, berjalan sesuai spesifikasi dengan tingkat keberhasilan mencapai 100%. Keunggulan sistem terletak pada integrasi fitur top-up saldo menggunakan kartu RFID, kemampuan menghasilkan laporan penjualan secara harian hingga bulanan, dan aksesibilitas berbasis web yang memudahkan pemantauan data secara real-time. Dengan implementasi ini, sistem mampu meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi dalam pengelolaan data penjualan beras.