bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life and Health for Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Pyo Jeehee , Lee Ji-Hyun , Lee Mina , Ock Minsu
Published: February 2020

Background: Disease burden created by periodontal disease has been recognized as a global challenge. The burden of medical expenses is expected to increase continuously, parallel to the growth of the elderly population. Periodontal disease causes tooth loss if not treated early, and advanced periodontitis can cause a decline in chewing ability and word pronunciation as well as aesthetic function. These results diminish the health-related quality of life (QOL) for various populations, particularly the elderly, adults, pregnant women, and workers. Thus, not only is early detection and management of the disease necessary, but also a systematic strategy for the prevention of periodontal diseaseMethods: Adults 19 years of age or older diagnosed with chronic gingivitis (K05.1) or chronic periodontitis (K05.3) under the ICD-10 codes were selected to participate in the study. Among the patients visiting the dental outpatient department, the study participants were chosen for our sample. A total of 20 participants were informed of the purpose of the study and gave consent to participate in in-depth interviews.Results: The analysis results were summarized into the four upper categories of ‘Interfering Element for Dental Care,’ ‘Declined Quality of Life caused by Dental Disease,’ ‘Satisfaction Elements after Treatment of Dental Disease,’ ‘Improvements for Voluntary Dental Care.’ The treatment of periodontal disease has improved the health-related quality of life and enabled the participants to have positive health behaviors for dental care. Furthermore, they recognized the severity of periodontal disease and the importance of dental examinations. It enabled them to be aware of the need of societal effort for dental care awareness.Conclusions: This study was an in-depth examination of the health-related QOL of periodontal patients through qualitative research methodology. The experiences of periodontal disease identified by this study can not only help to assess the adequacy of the current dental health-related QOL assessment tools but also recognize unmet needs regarding periodontal disease and, ultimately, to raise the awareness of periodontal disease among the general public. Based on this research, we expect that research on health-related QOL on periodontal disease would expand and revitalize the dental health system and practices.
The longitudinal association of smoking behaviors with obesity risk among Chinese adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2015
Authors: Zhao Jian , Fan Dandan , Su Chang , Wang Huijun , Zhang Bing
Published: February 2020

Background Present study aims to longitudinal explore independent association of smoking status and cigarette consumption with general obesity and abdominal among Chinese adults by gender. Methods This study include 75,348 adults (35,907 males and 39,441 females) aged 18-65 years from the longitudinal data of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 1991-2015). Multilevel mixed-effects linear and logistic regression models were performed for association analysis. Results Among males and females, heavy smokers (> 25 cigarette/d) increased from 5.5% and 0.05% in 1991 to 6.8% and 0.1% in 2015, respectively ( p < 0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, the net effect on male light (1–14 cigarette/d), moderate (15–24 cigarette/d), and heavy smokers was a significant decrease of 0.40 kg/m 2 (β: −0.40, 95% CI: − 0.48, −0.31), 0.51 kg/m 2 (β: −0.51, 95% CI: −0.60, −0.43), and 0.29 kg/m 2 (β: −0.29, 95% CI: −0.43, −0.14) in BMI, respectively. From moderate and light smokers to nonsmokers were linked with significant WC decreases of 0.87 cm (β: −0.87, 95% CI: −1.14, −0.58) and 0.86 cm (β: −0.87, 95% CI: −1.12, −0.59) in males and 1.58 cm (β: −1.58, 95% CI: −2.94, −0.22) and 1.37 cm (β: −1.37, 95% CI: −2.13, −0.59) in females, respectively. The odds ratio (95% CIs) for general obesity in males were 0.72 (0.65–0.81) for light smokers and 0.68 (0.61–0.76) for moderate smokers compared with nonsmokers. Similarly, the odds ratio (95% CIs) for abdominal obesity in males were 0.80 (0.76–0.86) for light smokers and 0.81 (0.76–0.87) for moderate smokers compared with nonsmokers. Moreover, the odds ratio (95% CIs) for abdominal obesity in females were 0.83 (0.71–0.98) for light smokers and 0.73 (0.58–0.91) for moderate smokers compared with nonsmokers.Conclusions Compared with nonsmokers, current smokers had lower BMI and WC among Chinese adults regardless of gender. Heavy smokers are more likely to be general obesity and abdominal obesity in male and abdominal obesity in female than other smokers. These findings may improve the understanding on how smoking behaviors affect fat distribution and provide scientific evidence regarding intervention in smoking and obesity by gender.
Histological changes associated with the graft union development in tomato
Authors: Frey Carlos , Acebes José Luis , Encina Antonio , Álvarez Rafael
Published: February 2020

Background. Despite the importance of grafting in agriculture, particularly in horticultural crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), the structural changes that occur during the establishment of a graft are little understood. Using histochemical techniques, the present work examines the progression of the structure of the graft junction in tomato plants over time.Results. At 10 days after grafting, the cell walls of the scion and rootstock in the area of the graft junction were thicker than usual, and undifferentiated cells appeared associated with the pre-existing vascular tissue. New vascular tissue appeared as branches arising from the pre-existing vasculature, as vascular pockets dispersed within the callus, and as the result of the transdifferentiation of parenchyma cells. Areas showing vascular connections between the scion and rootstock were also seen. Adventitious roots appeared on the scion, arising from the pre-existing vasculature. At 20 days, a great deal of vascular tissue was visible, along with large areas showing vascular connection. At 210 days, vestiges of the changes undergone were still visible. However, no adventitious roots persisted. Conclusions. The area of the graft junction undergoes modifications essential for adequate physiological functioning of grafted plant. The cell walls of the adhesion line change during the process. Pre-existing vasculature plays an important role in the appearance of callus tissue, new vascular cells, and adventitious roots. A long time later the tissues maintain vestiges of graft union development.
Calcitonin in fine-needle aspirate washout fluid and serum for the differential diagnosis of Medullary Thyroid Carcinomain patients with thyroid nodules
Authors: Liang Xianming , Lin Ende , Dai Zhang , Zhu Jianhui , Cai Minjing , Chen Huipin , Yu Liang , Lin Yongzhi , Fang Lili , Wu Guoyang
Published: February 2020

Purpose To assess a cutoff value and the diagnosis performance of CT in fine-needle aspirate washout fluid (FNA-CT) and serum in consecutive patients with thyroid nodules by chemiluminescence immunoassay method (CLIA).Methods 1,941 healthy persons, 212 patients with 235 thyroid nodules were investigated. They were classified into were classified into healthy, nodular goiter, chronic thyroiditis, thyroid follicular neoplasm, papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Serum CT and FNA-CT were measured by CLIA.Results Serum CT median concentration in MTC was 301.0 pg/mL, significantly higher than other groups. The cutoff value of serum CT was 13.8 pg/mL, leading 100.00% sensitivity, 97.99% specificity and 0.86 Kappa value in MTC. The FNA-CT median concentration in MTC nodules was 5000.0 pg/mL, significantly higher than other groups. A receiver operating characteristic analysis of MTC nodules and non-MTC nodules indicated that the cutoff value was 91.6pg/mL, leading to 100.00% sensitivity, 97.25% specificity and 0.84 Kappa value.Conclusion FNA-CT and serum were perfect marker for the differential diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma in patients with thyroid nodules. The optimal cutoff values with CLIA were 13.8 pg/mL and 91.6pg/mL, respectively.
Fertilization Methods for Organic and Conventional Potted Blueberry Plants
Authors: Clark Mary Jane , Zheng Youbin
Published: February 2020

This study determined optimal fertilization for each of three production methods (i.e., two organic and one conventional) of potted Vaccinium corymbosum ‘Duke’ northern highbush blueberry plants. The three production methods were as follows: 1) organic granular [(OG) organic coir substrate fertilized with Bio-Fert General Purpose + bloodmeal applied at 4.4, 7.3, 10.2, 13.1, and 16.0 g/pot nitrogen (N)], 2) organic liquid [(OL) organic coir substrate fertilized with Bio-Fert General-Purpose Liquid + calcium oxide (CaO) applied at 12.2, 14.7, 18.6, 25.3, and 39.5 mmol·L–1 N), and 3) conventional (C; pine bark, coir, and peat substrate fertilized with Osmocote Plus 15N–3.9P–9.9K, 5- to 6-month-duration controlled-release fertilizer applied at 4.4, 7.3, 10.2, 13.1, and 16.0 g/pot N). Blueberry plants were grown in #5 black, squat nursery containers outdoors in the Niagara peninsula, ON, Canada for two (2015–16) growing seasons. Both of the organic and the conventional production systems produced healthy blueberry plants when fertilizer was applied appropriately. With fertilizer application at 4.4 and 7.3 g/pot N for C, 12.2 and 14.7 mmol·L–1 N for the OL, and 8.50 to 13.95 g/pot N for the OG treatments, healthy plant growth was observed in combination with low nutrient leaching. High fertilizer rates resulted in excessive root zone electrical conductivity (EC), poor plant growth, and interveinal chlorosis, which affected fruit production negatively. For C and OL treatments, fertilization at rates of 4.4, 7.3 and 10.2 g/pot N, and 12.2, 14.7, and 18.6 mmol·L–1 N, respectively, produced the greatest total fresh weight of fruit. For OG, a large total fruit fresh weight was produced by all plants with no difference among fertilizer rates. This study suggests optimal fertilizer rates from 4.4 to 7.3 g/pot N for C, 12.2 to 14.7 mmol·L–1 N for the OL treatment, and from 8.50 to 13.95 g/pot N for the OG treatment can be applied based on the methods described in this study during potted blueberry production in nurseries and home gardens.
Ploidy, Fertility, and Phenotypes of F1 Hybrids between Tetraploid Highbush Blueberry Cultivars and Diploid Vaccinium elliottii
Authors: Norden Elliot H. , Lyrene Paul M. , Chaparro Jose X.
Published: February 2020

A progeny of 55 blueberry seedlings produced by pollinating 4301 flowers of tetraploid highbush blueberry cultivars with pollen from 19 different diploid Vaccinium elliottii plants was studied to determine hybridity and ploidy. Of the 21 seedlings whose phenotypes were intermediate between parental types, indicating hybridity, 18 were triploid and three were tetraploid. Pollen of the triploids, when viewed at ×250, was almost all shrunken and aborted, although some triploid hybrids produced a few large, plump microspores in dyads or monads. Triploids produced no seed when pollinated with pollen from 4x highbush or 2x V. elliottii or when open-pollinated outside the greenhouse in the presence of fertile diploid and tetraploid blueberries. Tetraploid hybrids produced large populations of vigorous seedlings when intercrossed. Both triploid and tetraploid F1 hybrids were intermediate between the parents in leaf size and flower size. The triploids produced no berries; the tetraploids were intermediate between the parents in berry size but averaged lower in Brix and berry firmness than either parent. Seven additional F1 hybrids from reciprocal crosses were obtained by pollinating 2309 flowers of 2x V. elliottii with pollen from tetraploid highbush cultivars. Although five V. elliottii clones served as female parents in these crosses, only one produced any seedlings. Six of the seven hybrids flowered and were fertile tetraploids; one was a sterile triploid.
A Survey of the Floral Volatile Profiles of Daylily Species and Hybrids
Authors: Keene Shea A. , Johnson Timothy S. , Sigler Cindy L. , Kalk Terah N. , Genho Paul , Colquhoun Thomas A.
Published: February 2020

For the past century, daylily (Hemerocallis) hybridization focused almost exclusively on enhancing the diversity of flower forms, colors, and color patterns. This focus on the visual characteristics of daylilies resulted in the development of thousands of hybrids that come in a fantastic array of colors and color patterns. However, these modern daylilies exhibit little to none of the floral fragrance possessed by some of the daylily progenitor species. Because little work has been done on daylily floral volatiles, the objective of this research was to evaluate the floral volatile profiles of a variety of daylily species and hybrids and assess the state of fragrance among modern hybrids. Using a field collection system and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GS-MS), this study evaluated the fragrance profiles of 147 daylily genotypes. Eighteen volatile organic compounds, primarily terpenoids, were identified and their variations among the genotypes were investigated. Results suggest that fragrance could be a trait pursued in a breeding program to enhance the sensory phenotypes of new daylily cultivars.
A MULTI-MARKER MODEL FOR PREDICTING DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH PRIOR ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Levandovska Khrystyna
Published: February 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of determining the plasma concentration of NT-proBNP and ST2 in the patients with decompensated HF and prior acute myocardial infarction and their combination in this category of patients.

Materials and methods. There were examined 120 patients with acute myocardial infarction and stage II A-B decompensated chronic HF according to the classification proposed by Vasylenko V. Kh. and Strazhesko M.D., NYHA functional class (FC) III-IV. The patients with Q-QS wave MI (60 individuals) and non Q MI (60 individuals) were divided into 4 groups depending on the treatment methods.

Study groups were homogenous by age, gender, disease severity, duration of the post-infarction period, clinical signs of decompensation, which served as a basis for inclusion of the patients in the study.

All the patients underwent the six-minute walk test in a quiet 30-50-m long hospital corridor in the morning. N-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and ST-2 were analyzed in all patients.

Results. Promising biomarkers of HF decompensation in the post-infarction period were studied. In the patients with prior Q-QS MI and decompensated HF, NT-proBNP level was (950.38±3.15) pmol/l (p<0.05); in the patients with prior MI without signs of decompensated HF, it was (580.15±3.03) pmol/l (p˂0.05); in apparently healthy individuals, the level of NT-proBNP was found to be (111.20±3.47) pmol/l.

ST2 level was (14.80±1.61) ng/ml, (36.00±1.43) ng/ml and (49.22±1.40) ng/ml in the patients of Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3, respectively (p˂0.05).

Similar changes were found in patients with decompensated HF in postinfarction period after non Q MI.

Conclusions. The increase in plasma concentration of sST2 is associated with the activation of both neurohumoral and fibrous pathways and can help in detecting the patients with decompensated HF in the post-infarction period and predicting the risk of its development.

Our results confirmed the results of other multiple studies reporting ST2 in combination with NT-proBNP to be valuable tools for prognosing the development of decompensated HF in the patients with prior MI. ST2, alongside with NT-proBNP, is a promising biomarker to be included in the diagnostic panel for detecting acute HF and can provide additional information on risk stratification for such patients during hospitalization and at the time of discharge from the hospital.
RECYCLING OF POLYMER WASTE IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: GUBANOVA Elena , KUPINETS Larisa , DEFORZH Hanna , KOVAL Viktor , GASKA Krzysztof
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with the problem of recycling and a review of the problem field of handling polymeric materials is carried out, on the basis of which commonality for the European space of their disposal and recycling problems is shown. Ways of solving them are identified and the leading dynamics of European approaches to waste management compared to national ones are revealed. It is shown that the tempos of formation of polymeric wastes practically coincide with the tempos of their processing, which indicates an increase in the technogenic load on the environment as a result of the continued influx of polymeric materials into it. The structure and species priorities of polymeric wastes and damage to the most vulnerable sectors of the economy and ecosystems are identified, and the dangerous impact of their destruction on the environment is estimated. Comparison of the main methods of disposal of polymeric wastes used in the world made it possible to evaluate approaches to solving the problem of cyclical handling of polymeric materials wastes, the results of which would be a socioeconomic and ecological effect, reducing the impact of the consequences of the destruction of polymer fractions of landfills on environmental quality, as well as significant saving non-renewable fossil raw materials. The expected performance is expressed quantitatively by calculating the integral indicator of the efficiency of polymer waste processing, taking into account the ratio of the sum of recycling effects, expressed in terms of value, to the capital and current costs of the project.
Connecting quasinormal modes and heat kernels in 1-loop determinants
Authors: Keeler Cynthia , Martin Victoria , Svesko Andrew
Published: February 2020

We connect two different approaches for calculating functional determinants on quotients of hyperbolic spacetime: the heat kernel method and the quasinormal mode method. For the example of a rotating BTZ background, we show how the image sum in the heat kernel method builds up the logarithms in the quasinormal mode method, while the thermal sum in the quasinormal mode method builds up the integrand of the heat kernel. More formally, we demonstrate how the heat kernel and quasinormal mode methods are linked via the Selberg zeta function. We show that a 1-loop partition function computed using the heat kernel method may be cast as a Selberg zeta function whose zeros encode quasinormal modes. We discuss how our work may be used to predict quasinormal modes on more complicated spacetimes.
Evaluation of some bread wheat genotypes popular in Saudi Arabia under drought stress
Authors: Otayk Soleman M.  Al , Soqeer Abdulrahman A.  AL , Menshawy Abd Elsalam M. , Motawei Mohamed I.
Published: February 2020

Six bread wheat genotypes were evaluated in three separate irrigation regime experiments to compare the response of agronomic performance and to identify genotypes with high yield potential under drought stress. The first irrigation treatment (I3) was given normal water irrigation (about 7000 m3 ha-1, according to recommendation for Qassim Region). The second (I2) and third (I1) treatments were given 2/3 and 1/3 of water amount of the first treatment, respectively. Factorial experiments in randomized complete block design with three replications were conducted during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons in the arid environment of central region of Saudi Arabia. Measurements were taken on days to heading, plant height, number of spikes m-2, number of kernels spike-1, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield. The drought susceptibility index (DSI) and water utilization efficiency (WUE) were calculated. The results revealed that effect of irrigation regime was highly significant for all traits, except days to heading. All studied characters were significantly decreased by reducing the amount of irrigation water. Grain yield showed maximum sensitivity as affected by moisture-stress. Means over environments indicated the existence of sufficient genetic variability among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Giza 171 recorded the highest values for most yield characters, while genotype 'Sama' was the lowest for the most yield characters. Giza 171, Sakha 93 and IC-1 recorded highest grain yield and WUE, based on average over irrigation treatments. Giza 171, Sakha 93 and IC-2 can be considered as drought stress tolerant genotypes.
Spraying deposits using different nozzles and application volumes for pest management of cotton at reproductive stage
Authors: Costa Augusto Guerreiro Fontoura , Maciel Cleber Daniel de Goes , Rogoski Thiesli , Lira Adelardo José Silva , Helvig Enelise Osco
Published: February 2020

With the growing need for greater operational capacity, information about the effect of application volume and spray nozzles on the quality of pesticide application are essential to obtain greater efficiency in pest management in cotton crops. This study aimed to assess the effect of the spraying volume and nozzles on the deposition of spray solution on cotton crops at the reproductive stage. The treatments of the first experiment correspond to the 55, 67, 140 and 194 L ha-1 volumes obtained by variation of the displacement speed using the XR11004 flat fan nozzle. In the second assay the treatments corresponded to the applications of MGA9004 (hollow cone), XR11004 (flat fan), AIXR11004 (air induction flat fan) and CVIA04 (air induction hollow cone) nozzles with 120 L ha-1. An artificial brilliant blue food dye (FD&C 1) was used as a tracer (2.5 g L-1) to determine the deposited volumes on the leaves of the upper, middle and lower third of cotton plants. The results showed that increase in the application volume contributed to obtain the larger deposits in the upper third of the cotton crop during its reproductive phase, especially up to 140 L ha-1, but did not exhibit a significant increase of the deposition in the middle and lower thirds of the plants. The MGA9004, XR11004 and AIXR11004 nozzles provided the largest deposits in the three plant sectors. The flat fan nozzles resulted in greater uniformity of deposits in the upper and middle thirds of the plants.
Comparison of wheat growth-response to endophytic Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) derived from an insect versus plant host
Authors: Motholo Lisemelo F. , Booyse Mardé , Hatting Justin L. , Tsilo Toi J. , Thekisoe Oriel M. M.
Published: February 2020

Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales) is a cosmopolitan entomopathogen, infecting >700 insect species. Although traditionally associated with insects, endophytic colonisation of plants is also known. Endophytism may protect plants against insects/diseases and enhance plant growth. Both insect- and plant-derived (endophytic) ‘sources’ of B. bassiana may be present in an agroecosystem, both of which may be in contact with plants. Here, growth response, viz., root length, shoot height, fresh root biomass, fresh and dry shoot biomass of wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), is reported following inoculation with B. bassiana (strain PPRI 7598). The strain was passaged and re-isolated from an insect (IN) versus plant (PL) substrate. When five wheat cultivars were inoculated with either B. bassiana PPRI 7598IN or -PL isolates through seed imbibition, a significantly higher level of endophytism (roots, stems and leaves, combined) was recorded with 7598IN (29.74%) compared to 7598PL (26.13%). Cultivar Baviaans responded best to endophytic colonisation (plant parts combined) at 33.54%, followed by Tugela (31.34%), Kariega (27.87%), Gariep (25.67%) and Elands (21.28%). On average, B. bassiana-treated plants showed a 71% growth increase over control plants. In topically sprayed bioassays, 7598IN caused 57% mortality to Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, compared with 50% by 7598PL; also recording a significantly shorter mean time to aphid mortality (4.14 days) versus 7598PL (4.58 days). A significantly higher level of overt mycosis (58.2%) was noted with 7598IN compared with 7598PL (47.9%). Results underscored several positive aspects associated with endophytic B. bassiana in wheat, creating new and exciting IPM possibilities.
Phytometric characteristics and chlorophyll index of “Paiaguás” grass (Urochloa brizantha) as a function of wood ash doses and soil water stress
Authors: Bezerra Maria Débora Loiola , Silva Edna Maria Bonfim , Silva Tonny José Araújo da , Ferraz André Pereira Freire , Damasceno Ana Paula Alves Barreto
Published: February 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytometric characteristics and chlorophyll index of paiaguás grass (Urochloa brizantha) fertilized with wood ash doses and soil water availability. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block in a 5x5 fractional factorial scheme (five doses of wood ash: 0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 g dm-3, and five soil water stresses: 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 kPa), with four replicates. The experimental design was based on the modified central compound, in which 13 combinations of wood ash doses and soil water availability were studied. Each experimental unit consisted of a pot containing 8.7 dm3 of soil and five plants. Three harvests were performed every 30 days after planting, in a 90-day experimental period. At each harvest, plant height, leaf angle, leaf area, stem diameter, and chlorophyll index (SPAD reading) were evaluated. The best results for the phytometric characteristics and chlorophyll index of paiaguás grass were observed in the wood ash dose of 21 g dm-3. There was a reduction of growth and grass chlorophyll content in the soil water tension of 41.20 kPa.
Characteristics of lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: MITUNIEWICZ TOMASZ , DZIK SARA
Published: February 2020

The intensive increase in poultry production requires a variety of different measures to maintain high productivity of broiler chickens while maintaining a high level of bird welfare. One issue is the growing population of Alphitobius diaperinus, which occurs all over the world. This beetle is considered a pest in poultry production and causes major losses to poultry producers. Its development cycle consists of four stages: an egg, a larva, a pupa and an adult. It is necessary to reduce the number of these insects in poultry houses, in which they constitute a serious problem both for the birds and for the buildings themselves. The beetle does a lot of damage by tunnelling in floor and wall crevices, thus destroying the insulation of the building. It has been proved experimentally that the lesser mealworm is also a vector for many serious diseases of poultry and humans. The beetle infected with pathogens may remain infectious for a long time. A. diaperinus is a carrier of dangerous pathogens and viruses as well as protozoa and parasites in poultry. The lesser mealworm shows a noticeable sexual dimorphism. Correct and quick identification of the sex of A. diaperinus on poultry farms could facilitate insect control. Field and laboratory research is being conducted to find an effective method of reducing the population of the lesser mealworm.
O Fluxo de caixa como ferramenta de gerenciamento financeiro de pequenas empresas
Authors: Siena Osmar , Licório Angelina Maria de Oliveira , Oliveira José Nilton Leite , Lima Maria Laurimar de Matos
Published: February 2020

Este estudo está situado no eixo de Administração Financeira, com investigação sobre os fatores de controle de finanças empresariais em corporação de pequeno porte. Possui como objetivo geral analisar a ferramenta Fluxo de Caixa como instrumento para gerenciamento financeiro e como objetivos específicos descrever o processo de utilização da ferramenta de Fluxo de Caixa; analisar a viabilidade de implantação da ferramenta como instrumento de gerenciamento financeiro e sugerir propostas de adequação para implantação do Fluxo de Caixa como sistema de gerenciamento financeiro. Para atender a esses objetivos a pesquisa utiliza metodologia de natureza qualitativa e aplica os instrumentos de visita in loco, entrevista e aplicação de questionário para a coleta dos dados. ÿ utilizada a análise descritiva que busca confrontar as bases teóricas e os dados obtidos com a investigação. Com a realização da análise foram alcançados os seguintes resultados: descrição dos processos da empresa pesquisada; identificação das necessidades e formas de controle utilizadas atualmente e apresentação de medidas de melhoria para o ajuste das inconformidades apontadas. O estudo contribui tanto para o aperfeiçoamento acadêmico pela análise de situação real da empresa, assim como serve de recomendação a empresas que enfrentam dificuldades similares quanto à gestão financeira.
Micro e pequenas empresas, liquidez, rentabilidade e o postulado da entidade: o caso dos restaurantes, no qual a manutenção da continuidade dependerá da reeducação financeira dos proprietários
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Benedito Silva , Scholz Luiz Fernando de Barros
Published: February 2020

Este artigo foi realizado com base no método de pesquisa-ação, é um estudo de caso em um pequeno restaurante, com problemas de rentabilidade e liquidez; no qual um dos pesquisadores esteve envolvido e buscou responder as questões sobre: Como medir a geração de valor de pequenas e micro empresas; e também, sobre os impactos da não separação entre contabilidade do ativo (pequena empresa) e a contabilidade do proprietário na continuidade do  negócio. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar, num recorte metodológico mais sistematizado, os processos usados na solução técnica do caso, assim como, as soluções e encaminhamentos adotados. A solução técnica encaminhada fez uso da informação contábil, para diagnosticar e apontar alternativas. As alternativas de solução envolveriam aspectos técnicos e comportamentais e não foram adotadas em sua plenitude pelos sócios da empresa durante o período da atuação de um dos pesquisadores na entidade.
Acompanhamento e controle financeiro informatizado das operações de vendas em empresa mineira de material de construção de pequeno porte
Authors: Silva Vanessa Ramos , Jones Graciela Dias Coelho
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o processo de acompanhamento e controle financeiro informatizado das operações de vendas em uma empresa comercial de material de construção. Adicionalmente, propõe-se a adoção do planejamento orçamentário de vendas como instrumento de gestão. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso em uma empresa de material de construção mineira de pequeno porte. O estudo discute as vantagens do processo de acompanhamento e controle financeiro informatizado das operações de vendas, por meio da apresentação de telas do Sistema de Informação utilizado pela empresa e as opções disponibilizadas aos usuários para o referido processo, desde o cadastro de clientes até o recebimento. Considerando-se que a empresa não elabora o Planejamento Orçamentário anual, tão importante instrumento de gestão, o presente trabalho propõe a adoção do Orçamento de Vendas, e apresenta as vantagens da sua implantação. Entende-se, contudo, a importância em se estender a implantação do orçamento as demais peças orçamentárias. Como resultado obteve-se que são inúmeros os benefícios do Sistema de Informação para o gerenciamento financeiro das operações de vendas. O Orçamento de Vendas apresenta-se como alternativa para o acompanhamento da execução e controle das operações de vendas e para o processo de tomada de decisão.
Custo da produção agrícola de soja transgênica em Goias (safra 2015/2016), capital próprio x capital de terceiros
Authors: Silva Sidney Jordan , Vieira Eloir Trindade Vasques
Published: February 2020

Considerando os dados obtidos no Ministério da Agricultura, em 2014 o Produto Interno Bruto - PIB agropecuário brasileiro representou cerca de 23% do total do PIB da economia brasileira, em reais equivale a R$ 1,1 trilhão. E, dentro dela a agricultura está representada em 70% da produção do agronegócio. Visto isso, percebe-se o potencial do Brasil nesta atividade. Portanto, fica evidente que esse montate de produção precisa ser administrado ao longo do ciclo produtivo. Isso inclui como primeiro passo o plantio, fato que precisa de investimento inicial para permitir a colheita ao final do processo. Devido a isso foram pensadas quais seriam as formas de iniciar uma produção agrícola. Neste trabalho foi especificamente mensurada a lavoura de soja transgênica no estado de Goiás. Foi estudada a origem do recurso que custeou as despesas da produção. Verificou-se que pode ser efetuado via banco, por meio de um financiamento rural ou por financiamento com recursos próprios, considerando que o produtor rural tenha essa opção ao iniciar sua plantação. Se o produtor utilizasse recursos próprios, ele não receberia o valor integral calculado da rentabilidade da Letra de Crédito do Agronegócio - LCA. Ao financiar, o agricultor só pagará os juros calculados se utilizar todo o capital financiado na formalização do contrato. E, levando em conta que o financiamento de custeio abrange desde o plantio até a colheita, se as liberações forem feitas gradativamente, o produtor poderá ainda reduzir os juros a serem pagos.
Gestão de pessoas na percepção do proprietário: estudo de caso de uma pequena empresa de embalagens
Authors: Picchiai Djair , Ventura Bruna Thomaz
Published: February 2020

Este artigo procura analisar a gestão de pessoas e a percepção do gestor/proprietário quanto a esta função gerencial para a empresa Panther Embalagens Ltda., do setor industrial. O estudo consistiu em entrevista com o gestor/proprietário, no qual se analisaram os aspectos estratégicos estabelecidos sobre gestão de pessoas e a percepção deste sobre os mesmos. Além disso, mediu-se a percepção do clima organizacional pelos funcionários da fábrica por meio de aplicação de questionário validado. Utilizou-se também as observações e percepções dos autores ao longo do estudo de campo realizado e do convívio com as pessoas da empresa, bem como o acesso a materiais existentes na empresa relativos ao Departamento de Recursos Humanos. Constata-se a necessidade de descentralização das atividades e o poder de decisão de gestão de pessoas cuja centralização é comum a pequenas empresas. Verifica-se que os funcionários desejam mais autonomia e participação, de acordo com a pesquisa de clima organizacional.
Percepção dos gestores das micro e pequenas empresas mineiras do setor farmacêutico sobre os artefatos gerenciais tradicionais e inovadores e as perspectiv	as da sua adoção
Authors: Spacek Fernanda Medeiros , Jones Graciela Dias Coelho , Silva Vanessa Ramos
Published: February 2020

O objetivo do artigo é identificar a percepção dos gestores das Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs) mineiras do setor farmacêutico sobre os artefatos gerenciais tradicionais e inovadores e as perspectivas da sua adoção. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo survey com 29 farmácias de uma cidade de grande porte localizada no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, que possuem em seu Cadastro Nacional de Pessoa Jurídica (CNPJ) a confirmação de que estão enquadradas no regime especial de Micro e Pequenas Empresas, conforme Lei nº 9.317 de 05 de dezembro de 1996. Por meio deste estudo de abordagem quantitativa, verificou-se que as empresas estudadas apontaram que os gestores têm noção geral sobre o assunto, porém, falta conhecer melhor as contribuições proporcionadas pela adoção dos artefatos, assim como as suas aplicações. Concluiu-se que existe uma escassez de estudos e artigos acadêmicos relacionados ao setor farmacêutico nas bases de dados pesquisadas. Espera-se que o presente estudo sirva de contribuição teórica como fonte de informação para pesquisas futuras. Como contribuição prática, espera-se que o estudo desperte gestores do setor sobre a importância dos artefatos, bem como, de sua adoção para auxiliar no processo de tomada de decisão.
Competências do Microempreendedor Individual
Authors: Wissmann Alexandre Dal Molin
Published: February 2020

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as competências do Microempreendedor Individual, para que a partir desta caracterização, se consiga identificar seu perfil, bem como, clarificar sua realidade econÿmica, produtiva e social.  A pesquisa classifica-se como de campo exploratória. As técnicas utilizadas na coleta foram a entrevista e a observação. Participaram da pesquisa 140 Microempreendedores Individuais de nove cidades do Rio Grande do Sul. Buscou-se entender três aspectos: a competência que o Microempreendedor acreditava ser a mais importante para o funcionamento de seu negócio; a competência que este possuía em maior evidência; e por fim, a competência em que este possuía maior dificuldade. A partir dos resultados encontrados, entende-se que as características e conceitos utilizados em pesquisas que abordam o MEI, muitas vezes, não compactuam com a realidade enfrentada por estes trabalhadores. Assim, pode-se ressaltar a importância da discussão de políticas públicas que tratem de melhorias para o MEI, entretanto, acredita-se que isto só será possível, caso o contexto de precarização destes sujeitos seja levado em conta.
Microfinanzas en el Perú y los desafíos de la bancarización.
Authors: Toledo Concha Emerson Jesus
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo es indicar cuales son los nuevos retos que deben afrontar las entidades financieras  que financian a la micro y pequeña empresa en el Perú, considerando las nuevas tendencias y desafíos que afronta este sector. Se ha revisado la bibliografía de distintos autores  y lo publicado por entidades del estado que hacen posible que este objetivo pueda cumplirse y así seguir promoviendo el crecimiento de las microfinanzas, donde una de las recomendaciones más importantes es que las instituciones micro financieras deben tener ventajas sobre el conocimiento de las necesidades de los clientes, estar enfocados en segmentos específicos, reconociendo los nichos de mercados que van a atender y plantear soluciones diseñadas a la medida evitando el sobreendeudamiento.
Controles gerenciais e os ciclos de vida organizacional
Authors: Kovalski Andressa , Ribeiro Flávio , Lepchak Alessandro
Published: February 2020

Os controles gerenciais dentro de uma organização são as peças fundamentais para um bom funcionamento e acompanhamento das mudanças dentro do mercado. Por meio da atuação da Contabilidade Gerencial, buscar informações com relação aos controles utilizados, métodos e práticas adotadas possibilita aos gestores uma melhor exatidão de informações que auxiliam diretamente no processo de tomada de decisão. O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em investigar a relação entre os controles gerenciais e os estágios de ciclo de vida das empresas comerciais estabelecidas no município de Rio Azul/PR. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário para 31 empresas do segmento comercial. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica de correspondência múltipla. O estudo caracteriza-se como descritivo quanto ao objetivo e, bibliográfico, documental e survey em relação aos procedimentos. Os principais resultados sugerem que a maior parcela das empresas do segmento comercial se caracteriza no estágio de nascimento (58%) e apresentam controles gerenciais voltados à medida de desempenho (29%). Os resultados encontrados indicam, também, que empresas caracterizadas no estágio de nascimento e crescimento, tendem a utilizar, principalmente, os controles gerenciais embasados no modelo de gestão e sistemas de custeio, respectivamente. Por outro lado, as empresas no estágio de maturidade não apresentaram relação significativa com nenhum controle gerencial.
Physical and practical hydrograph recession modeling in karstic sinkholes
Authors: Şen Zekai , Dabanlı İsmail , Şişman Eyüp
Published: February 2020

Karstic spring discharge is related to the hydraulic head recession through a power function with an exponent <1. In the literature, analytical solutions are available for exponential and non-exponential models based on a set of restrictive physical and mathematical assumptions. The models search for a holistic and deductive solution without basic physical and practical interpretations, simple logical inferences leading to mathematical analytical or empirical formulations. In this paper, an inductive, logical, practical, and instead of holistic modeling, physically plausible piecewise solutions are proposed with detailed inferences and interpretations. In the proposed methodology, the discharge and hydraulic head records are decomposed first into a set of verbal classes and, subsequently, physical meaning for each class is explained leading to simple general but empirical models. For this purpose, Wakula and St. Marks River (Florida) hydrograph records are used for the general solution sinkhole discharge and hydraulic head variations. The solution methodology presented in this paper does not make any distinction between relatively small or large sinkhole heads. The calibration and verification of the methodology is shown with a comparison of the available record values to partial power models. Finally, it is concluded that the proposed methodology is reliable and can be applied to hydraulic head availability with discharge records in any part of the world for karstic aquifer domains.
A palavra de uma cidadã na tormenta revolucionária: o pensamento político de Olympe de Gouges
Authors: Prado Mendonça Marcela , Alves Primo Marcelo de Sant’Anna
Published: February 2020

Nosso texto pretende refletir acerca dos modos de discurso e do alcance dos textos políticos de Olympe de Gouges. Em particular, vamos nos ater a três escritos da autora que, através de gêneros discursivos diferentes, permitem ver a sua produção plural e seu engajamento político no contexto da França revolucionária: 1) A Refléxion sur les noirs – 1788 – que apresenta sua experiência com a escravidão, a injustiça e o preconceito que a população negra sofria, mesmo que em uma época de ideias iluministas. Mais do que isso, ela critica a Comédie Française, a qual não permitia que uma de suas peças de teatro fosse representada ao público, já que continha uma contundente crítica à discriminação racial; 2) A Déclaration des droits de la femme et de la citoyenne – 1791 - que surgiu durante o momento em que as mulheres tinham seus próprios clubes políticos; 3) Por último, o panfleto Les trois urnes – 1793 – texto que desnuda o caráter autoritário do Estado jacobino pós-revolução e que levou Olympe a ser guilhotinada.
Entre idealismo moral e realismo político: Beauvoir em busca de uma síntese (im)possível?
Authors: De Souza Thana Mara
Published: February 2020

O artigo pretende expor e discutir, a partir dos textos dos anos 1940 e centrado principalmente em Idealismo Moral e Realismo Político, o modo como Beauvoir traz as noções de idealismo e realismo, moral e política, apontando para uma concilianção tensa entre eles, sempre a ser construída e nunca alcançável. Diante de dois opostos que caem em um mesmo erro (o de considerar apenas o aspecto de uma subjetividade abstrata ou apenas o aspecto de uma objetividade determinista), a filósofa traz o tema da ambiguidade como fundamental para pensar as relações e também separações entre moral e política, admitindo, ao mesmo tempo, uma projeção futura (transcendência) e uma realização presente (imanência).
Chitosan Anchored Nanoparticles in Current Drug Development Utilizing Computer-Aided Pharmacokinetic Modeling: Case Studies for Target Specific Cancer Treatment and Future Prospective
Authors: Roy Harekrishna , Nayak Bhabani S. , Nandi Sisir
Published: February 2020

Background:

Recently, in the medical and pharmaceutical fields, biopolymers are extensively used for chemical and mechanical modifications of pharmaceutical dosage forms, which add novel properties, functions, and applications. Structural modification of dosage form by polymers along with redesigning in pharmaceutical and tissue engineering fields, presently being the center of analysis for the modern research world, which utilizes the subtle instruments, precise research strategies and most significantly the excipients.

Method:

Recently, in the medical and pharmaceutical fields, biopolymers are extensively used for chemical and mechanical modifications of pharmaceutical dosage forms, which add novel properties, functions, and applications. Structural modification of dosage form by polymers along with redesigning in pharmaceutical and tissue engineering fields, presently being the center of analysis for the modern research world, which utilizes the subtle instruments, precise research strategies and most significantly the excipients.

Results:

The most remarkable point is that chitosan-drug conjugated nanoparticles (CDNP) can target cancer affected cells with the least attempt to killing the neighbor host cell. It is already proved that the CDNP facilitate the more drugs uptaking or cytotoxicity to a cancerous cell. This overcomes the dosage form designing problems of complexity in the biological mechanism and cell specificity. A computer-aided pharmacokinetic study as well as in-silico design with model fitting can provide the possible finding related to target selectivity and interaction. The computer aided study also reduces time and could make the entire process much cheaper till today, very few research has been reported, such as PyRx with AutoDock, response surface methodology and molecular dynamic simulation in drug delivery for chitosan-drug conjugated nanoparticles.

Conclusion:

Therefore, cancer cell target-specific drug delivery using a natural biopolymer conjugate with a computer-aided pharmacokinetic model will be the thirst area of future research. To get successful anticancer drug formulation, in-silico pharmacokinetic modeling would minimize labor, and expenses, during and prior to the experiment has been extensively discussed in the present review.
Artificial Polymers made of α-amino Acids - Poly(Amino Acid)s, Pseudo-Poly(Amino Acid)s, Poly(Depsipeptide)s, and Pseudo-Proteins
Authors: Zavradashvili Nino , Puiggali Jordi , Katsarava Ramaz
Published: February 2020

Degradable polymers (DPs) - “green materials” of the future, have an innumerable use in biomedicine,
particularly in the fields of tissue engineering and drug delivery. Among these kind of materials naturally occurring
polymers - proteins which constituted one of the most important “bricks of life” - α-amino acids (AAs) are
highly suitable. A wide biomedical applicability of proteins is due to special properties such as a high affinity
with tissues and releasing AAs upon biodegradation that means a nutritive potential for cells. Along with these
positive characteristics proteins as biomedical materials they have some shortcomings, such as batch-to-batch
variation, risk of disease transmission, and immune rejection. The last limitation is connected with the molecular
architecture of proteins. Furthermore, the content of only peptide bonds in protein molecules significantly restricts
their material properties. Artificial polymers with the composition of AAs are by far more promising as degradable
biomaterials since they are free from the limitations of proteins retaining at the same time their positive
features - a high tissue compatibility and nutritive potential. The present review deals with a brief description of
different families of AA-based artificial polymers, such as poly(amino acid)s, pseudo-poly(amino acid)s, polydepsipeptides,
and pseudo-proteins - relatively new and broad family of artificial AA-based DPs. Most of these
polymers have a different macromolecular architecture than proteins and contain various types of chemical links
along with NH-CO bonds that substantially expands properties of materials destined for sophisticated biomedical
applications.