bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Digital Twin Concept for Key Components of Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Li Qiying , He Yunze
Published: December 2021

Renewable energy (RE) is green and low-carbon energy, which can not only protect the environment, promote the technological diversification of the energy supply system, accelerate the adjustment of energy structure, but also has important significance for the sustainable development of economy. With the increasing complexity of the problems of renewable energy system asset management and ensuring the operational reliability of electric power equipment, it's necessary to establish remote, online, reliable monitoring and inspection techniques for the state evaluation of electrical equipment during the full life cycle. In order to meet these demands, the digital twin is a very suitable technology. In recent years, there are numerous scientific papers demonstrating DT's capabilities in virtual simulation, condition monitoring (CM), power optimization and fault diagnosis for RE generation systems, transmission and transformation equipment and storage systems. The majority of the research focusing on product design, maintenance of operation, condition monitoring and fault decision-making has provided many valuable contributions to academia and industrial fields. Nevertheless, all this valuable information is scattered over many literatures and it is lack of systematic generalization. In this article, different applications of DT technology in RE system are analyzed, advanced methods and theories are summarized comprehensively, and the development trend of DT technology in renewable energy system in the future is introduced.
Hemoglobin Levels in Blood Samples
Authors: Zakhwa Rosalinda
Published: December 2021

Hemoglobin is a part of erythrocytes that serves to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in tissues. Hemoglobin levels in the blood may decrease one of which is influenced by exposure to lead from the environment. Places that are at high risk for exposure to air lead one of them is at gas stations (Public Refueling Stations). The purpose of this study is to determine hemoglobin levels in kedungrandu gas station officers, Kec. Patikraja, Banyumas. This type of research is a non-experimental observational study. The method of measuring hemoglobin levels using strip test in the form of POCT (Point Care of Testing) tool. This method uses capillary blood samples from 20 respondents with criteria of male sex and aged 21-60 years. The result of this study was as many as 6 people (30%) of the total respondents had low hemoglobin levels, while 14 people (70%) have normal hemoglobin levels. The average hemoglobin level in the blood sample of kedungrandu gas station officers, Kec. Patikraja, Banyumas is 14.41 mg/dl or normal.
Explaining the Riddle of America: What Europeans Should Know about Madisonian Democracy
Authors: Lynn Laurence E.
Published: December 2021

Long a puzzle to both its admirers and detractors across the world, the United States of America has, in the second decade of the twenty-first century, become more puzzling than ever. A variety of explanations has been proposed for America’s paradoxical combination of apparent “statelessness” and its capability to produce positive policy outcomes. This essay will argue that, properly understood, the structural features of America’s constitutional scheme of governance, largely credited to founder James Madison, provide a necessary but insufficient explanation of the “riddle of America”. The success of America’s “compound republic” (in Madison’s words), was intended to depend not only on the capacities of its basic governing structures – separation of powers, checks and balances, federalism, and pluralism – but, in extremis, on the inherent fairness of “the people”, both of which have been achieved in American history but neither of which can be guaranteed. The source of authority and, of equal importance, the legitimacy of American governing institutions and their outcomes is the faith placed in them by citizens, elected officials, and judges, requiring a sense of responsibility on the part of all to the principles that protect all. That the sense of responsibility on the part of some, as America’s recent political crises demonstrates, can fail, jeopardizes not only domestic liberty and justice but threatens the well being of peoples far distant.
Endogene Ursachen kommunaler Haushaltsdefizite in Nordrhein-Westfalen – Welche Rolle spielen Bürgermeister und Parteien?
Authors: Timm-Arnold Klaus-Peter
Published: December 2021

Die kommunale Finanzkrise bedroht in zunehmendem Maße die politische Handlungsfähigkeit der Kommunen. Gemeinhin werden die Ursachen für defizitäre Kommunalhaushalte in äußeren Rahmenbedingungen gesehen, ausgelöst z.B. durch wegbrechende Steuereinnahmen, steigende Sozialtransfers oder Verteilungskämpfe zwischen den staatlichen Ebenen. Die Varianz der Haushaltsergebnisse von Kommunen mit ähnlichen strukturellen Ausgangssituationen – z.B. Städte des Ruhrgebietes – deuten aber auch auf „hausgemachte“ Ursachenbündel für Haushaltsdefizite hin wie ausgabenmaximierende Parteipolitik und die Verwaltungsführungsleistung des Bürgermeisters. Die Ergebnisse von sechs qualitativ-vergleichenden Fallstudien zeigen, dass eine Zentralisierung der Haushaltspolitik und das Führungswollen und -können eines durchsetzungsstarken Bürgermeisters wichtige Voraussetzungen dafür sind, den Kommunalhaushalt auf Gleichgewichtskurs zu halten.
Ausreifende Politikfelder – Perspektiven einer Theorie
Authors: Noweski Michael
Published: December 2021

Die Politikfeldanalyse nutzt zur Untersuchung langfristigen Wandels vor allem Modelle des historischen Institutionalismus. Zunehmend finden sich auch Ansätze, die auf Evolutionstheorien basieren. In diesen Beiträgen werden Politikfelder gelegentlich als jung oder alt bezeichnet. Der Aufsatz schlägt vor, den Wandel von Politikfeldern explizit als Reifeprozess zu konzeptualisieren. Er zeigt, dass diese „Ausreifungstheorie“ in der Literatur implizit bereits anzutreffen ist. Aus diesen Texten lassen sich mindestens vier Indikatoren zur Messung des Prozesses ableiten.
Lokale Bürgerbeteiligung in der Haushaltskrise
Authors: Holtkamp Lars , Bathge Thomas
Published: December 2021

Entgegen der „Local Governance“-Hypothese ist in der kommunalen Haushaltskrise seit den 2000er Jahren kein Trend zu mehr dialogorientierter Bürgerbeteiligung erkennbar. Vielmehr führen die begrenzten Ressourcen und die Kosten-Nutzen-Kalkulationen der Akteure zu einem Rückgang der Bürgerbeteiligung. Die geringe Umsetzung von Beteiligungsergebnissenin der Haushaltskrise fördert die Politikverdrossenheit der Bürger, die bei hohem Aufwand nur wenig Nutzen aus ihrer Beteiligung ziehen und deshalb häufiger die Exit-Option wählen. Für die kommunalen Entscheidungsträger ist der Einsatz von Bürgerforen und Bürgerhaushalten ebenfalls wenig lohnend, weil diese wenig zur Haushaltskonsolidierung beitragen und viele Ressourcen der Verwaltung binden. Stattdessen setzen die Kommunen auf hierarchisch koordinierte, eng zugeschnittene und nichtdialogorientierte Beteiligungsverfahren wie den „Sparbürgerhaushalt“.
Atomausstieg und was dann? Probleme staatlicher Steuerung der Energiewende
Authors: Mautz Rüdiger
Published: December 2021

Das Wachstum des Erneuerbare-Energien-Sektors hat in Deutschland nicht nur zum Wandel energiewirtschaftlicher Branchenstrukturen, sondern auch zu einer dualen Struktur sektoraler Steuerungsmodi geführt. Einer korporatistischen Regulierung, die auf der traditionell engen Interessenverflechtung von Staat und Stromwirtschaft beruht, steht im Bereich der erneuerbaren Energien eine neu entstandene netzwerkförmige Regelungsstruktur gegenüber, an der neben staatlichen Akteuren ein breites Spektrum gesellschaftlicher Akteure beteiligt ist. Dieser steuerungspolitische Dualismus, der die jüngere deutsche Energiepolitik kennzeichnet, führte zu unvermeidlichen Zielkonflikten. Die daraus resultierenden Steuerungsprobleme haben mit der energiepolitischen Neuausrichtung der Bundesregierung nach der Atomkatastrophe von Fukushima zusätzliches Gewicht bekommen. Der Beitrag diskutiert steuerungsrelevante Anforderungen, die aus der zunehmenden Pluralisierung und Dezentralisierung des Energiesektors sowie aus Konflikten beim Ausund Umbau der Stromversorgungsinfrastruktur resultieren und das Verhältnis von energiepolitischer Einflussnahme und gesellschaftlicher Selbstregulierung neu bestimmen könnten.
Dysplasia in Papilloma at the Tip of the Tongue; A Rare Entity-Importance of on Time Prevention
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran., Ameli Nazila , Sohanian Shabnam ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran., Jalili Sadrabad Maryam ,   Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Oral papilloma is benign lesion while there is concern about high-risk types of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) for cancer. Case Presentation: The patient was a 30-year-old woman who presented to the School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences for orthodontic treatment. Intraoral examinations revealed a prominent white papule on the tip of the tongue. Histopathologic exanimation revealed the proliferation of hyper keratinized stratified squamous epithelium arranged in projections with fibrovascular connective tissue cores, cell irregularity with hyperchromatic nucleus and koilocytes within the epithelium which confirmed the diagnosis of squamous papilloma (SP) with mild to moderate dysplasia. The patient was instructed to take care of the sexual behaviors and the injection of Gardasil vaccine was recommended. A month later, there was no evidence of a lesion. Conclusion: Though SPs are common lesions in the oral cavity, occurrence of dysplasia on SPs on the anterior part of the mouth is rare. Surgical removal supplemented by administration of Gardasil vaccine can be the treatment of choice in these cases. The significance of close attention to the oral lesions and consultation with an Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Specialist is highly recommended in order to accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.
Alexithymia and Self-Efficacy With Pain Perception in Women with Migraines: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran., Gharibi Sholeh , Sadeghi Abbas ,   Department of Consulting, School of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Pain perception in individuals with migraine is very important and is influenced by various factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of alexithymia and self-efficacy with pain perception in women with migraine. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in women with migraine referred to medical centers in Rasht in 2021. Using convenience sampling method, 160 women with migraines participated in the study and answered the demographic information questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression model. Results: Of total, 152 women responded to the questionnaire (response rate= 95%). The mean age of study participants was 32.86±8.5 years. Pain perception was negatively associated with selfefficacy (r=-0.28; P=0.001) and positively associated with alexithymia (r= 0.20; P=0.001). The results of linear regression also showed that self-efficacy and Externally-Oriented Thinking (EOT) subscale explained 13% of the variance in pain perception. Conclusion: Self-efficacy and externally-oriented thinking were significant contributors of pain perception in women with migraine. These variables can be considered for adopting coping strategies in patients experiencing migraine pain.
Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Mortality in Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in A Tertiary Care Center of Central Kerala, India - A Case control Study
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Rajmohan Priyanka , Kumar Chellappan pillai Chellappan pillai Rajamma Anil ,   Department of Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Ayiravelil Mohanan Mimtha ,   Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Jose Ponnu ,   Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Gopinathan Unnikrishnan Uttumadathil ,   Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Ramesh Vinaya ,   Department of Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Manassery Koduvelil Anand ,   Department of Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Raphael Lucy ,   Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India., Thomas Joe ,   Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India.
Published: December 2021

Background: Since various studies indicate differences in the case fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 in different settings, it is vital to elucidate the clinical and laboratory parameters. This would be helpful in identifying individuals who are susceptible to adverse outcomes, thereby targeting essential health interventions to resource poor settings. This study aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory predictors of mortality due to COVID-19. Materials & Methods: In this case control study, we included 162 adult inpatients who died due to COVID-19 from May 2020 to February 2021, as cases (n=81) and those discharged as controls (n=81). Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data was extracted from medical records and electronic database and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression methods were used to identify the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Results: Comorbidities were present among 82 (50.6%) participants. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity 99(61.1%) followed by diabetes mellitus 92 (56.8%) and coronary artery disease 55(34%). Multivariable logistic regression model showed that cardiovascular disease (OR=5.80, 95%CI: 1.09–47.55, P=0.011), decreased oxygen saturation (OR=33.68, 95%CI: 2.81–403.80, P=0.006), elevated CRP (OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.01–1.32, P=0.026), and serum creatinine (OR=3.26, 95%CI: 1.02–11.55, P=0.047) were the significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion: This study found that comorbidities such as CAD, elevated serum creatinine, elevated inflammatory markers, and decreased O2 saturation were independent predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients.
Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict and Perceived Organizational Support Among Nurses of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Ebrahimi Boshra , Faraji Obeidollah ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Nouri Bijan ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Valiee Sina ,   Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Due to the importance of work-family conflict, it is necessary to find its relationship with organizational variables like perceived organizational support. The present study investigated the relationship between work-family conflict and perceived organizational support in nurses of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Materials & Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 300 nurses working at educational hospitals of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. A three-part questionnaire including demographic information, Carlson’s family-work conflict, and perceived organizational support of Eisenberg was used. Descriptive statistics and analytical statistical tests (Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis) and Spearman correlation coefficient were used. Results: The majority of the participants were female (64.2%) and married (55.9%). Work-family conflict was slightly higher than the mean. The dimensions of time-based work-family conflict (10.79±2.95) and strain-based work-family conflict (10.66±2.72) had the highest scores compared to other dimensions of work-family conflicts. Perceived organizational support was less than mean and there was a negative correlation between work-family conflict and perceived organizational support (r=-0.21, P=0.001). Conclusion: The present study showed the importance of paying attention to reducing workfamily conflict by increasing perceived organizational support. Therefore, reducing the dimensions of work-family conflict is necessary and organizational managers should increase organizational support for nurses and thus reduce the conflict between nurses and family work.
Cost-effectiveness of Self-managed Program Versus Usual Physiotherapy Care of Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria., Habib Wasila , Awotidebe Adedapo Wasiu ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aims to compare, from a patient’s perspective, the cost-effectiveness between a self-managed program and usual physiotherapy care in treating knee osteoarthritis. Methods: The study participants were assigned into two groups: group I received a weekly physiotherapy treatment plus instructions on self-management skills in goal setting, pain management, exercise, healthy eating, and dealing with fatigue (self-managed group); group II had a physiotherapy session three times a week (usual care group). The osteoarthritis cost and consequence and European quality of life-5 dimension (EQ-5D) were used to generate utility scores. The health effects measure of quality-adjusted life year (QALY) was obtained, and an incremental cost-effective ratio was calculated. Cost-effectiveness was determined by plotting a cost-effectiveness plane of incremental cost against QALY obtained. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, the self-managed group recorded more significant improvements in pain level, function, and health-related quality of life than the usual care group. Clinical consultation costs (Mean±SD NGN [Nigerian naira]=1800±979), physiotherapy treatment costs (Mean±SD NGN=4000±00), and transportation costs (Mean±SD NGN=1,940±1,150) were less for the self-managed group than the usual care group. Imaging (x-ray) and drug costs did not differ significantly between groups. The QALYs gained over the 8-week intervention period was 0.13 for the self-management group compared to 0.11 for the usual care group. Discussion: From the patient’s perspective, a self-managed program was cost-effective and cheaper for healthcare resource use. Physiotherapists may adopt the program to reduce out-of-pocket expenses for patients with knee osteoarthritis.
The Effect of Aquatic and Non-aquatic Balance Training on the Fall Risk of Patients With Grade 2 and 3 Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Deptment of Physical Therapy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Hajmohammadi Farzaneh , Hosseinifar Mohammad ,   Deptment of Physical Therapy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Akbari Asghar ,   Deptment of Physical Therapy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Ghiasi Fatemeh ,   Deptment of Physical Therapy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Namvar Hassan ,   Deptment of Physical Therapy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Askari Ashtiani Ahmadreza ,   Deptment of Physical Therapy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of balance exercises in the aquatic and Non-aquatic environments compared with control in patients with grade 2 or 3 knee Osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: For this single-blind, randomized control trial study, 43 women with mild to moderate knee OA were recruited through a simple non-probability sampling method. They were randomly assigned to the aquatic balance exercise group (n=15), Non-aquatic balance exercise group (n=15), and a control group (n=13). The intervention programs comprised aquatic and Non-aquatic balance training. Fall risk, the primary outcome, was measured by the Biodex balance system before and after the intervention. One-way ANOVA and paired sample t-test were used for analyzing data. Results: After 4 weeks training, the Mean±SD fall risk score significantly decreased from 3.49±1.14 to 2.59±1.22 (P<0.001) in the aquatic balance training group, from 3.21±0.62 to 2.19±0.62 (P<0.001) in the Non-aquatic balance training group, and from 3.77±1.13 to 3.17±1.22 (P<0.001) in the control group. Regarding between-group comparisons, we found significant differences between the Non-aquatic balance training group and the control group (P=0.03). Discussion: Despite the environment, the balance exercise program significantly improved fall risk scores among patients with grade 2 or 3 knee osteoarthritis.
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Ideas for Inspiratory Muscle Training in Patients With Subacute Stroke
Authors:   Department of physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Padjdjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia., Ruslina Defi Irma , Novitri Novitri ,   Department of physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Padjdjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia., Nurina Ilin ,   Department of physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Padjdjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the outcome of an Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) rehabilitation intervention on the lung function, functional mobilization, balance, and peripheral muscle strength of the paretic side in patients with subacute stroke. Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial study was conducted on patients with stable subacute stroke. For 8 weeks, the intervention group (n=16) received 40% intensity IMT while the control group (n=16) received 10% intensity IMT. We assessed the patients’ lung function (spirometer) before and after the intervention, as well as their pulmonary muscle strength (micro-respiratory pressure meter [RPM]), quadriceps strength (handheld dynamometer), grip strength (Jamar), walking speed (10-m walk test), balance (Berg Balance Scale [BBS]), and functional mobilization (sit-to-stand test). Results: There were significant differences between the intervention group and the control group after IMT for forced vital capacity (FVC)% (P<0.01; d=3.20), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/FVC (P<0.001; d=2.55), FEV1% (P<0.001; d=5.10), walking speed (P<0.05; d=1.62), hand grip (P<0.001; d=2.45), quadriceps strength (P<0.001; d=4.18), functional mobilization (P<0.01; d=2.41), and maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (P<0.001; d=1.62), but no significant changes were seen in balance (P=0.304; d=0.57). Discussion: IMT improved lung function, functional mobilization, handgrip strength, and quadriceps strength on the paretic side of subacute stroke patients and is expected to improve functional status and allow the patient to participate in social activities. IMT exercise can be included in the rehabilitation program for subacute stroke patients.
Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Pains Among Newly Admitted University Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Moghadas Tabrizi Yousef , Karimizadeh Ardakani Mohammad ,   Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Yavari Kateb Meysam ,   Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Mansori Mohammad hani ,   Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to examine Musculoskeletal Pains (MPs) among newly admitted university students and investigate the effect of gender differences on the prevalence of MPs. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 2641 university students (1303 men, 1338 women). The study data were collected from the Health Center of the University of Tehran in the fall of 2019. Musculoskeletal pains in students were examined using the Nordic questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared test. Results: The highest prevalence rates of MPs in the past 12 months, past 7 days, and problems that inhibited routine activities in the past 12 months were reported in the neck area (13.4%, 5.8%, and 10.5%, respectively), and the lowest rates in the elbow (1.5%, 0.6%, and 1%, respectively). Findings also indicated a significant difference between men and women regarding MPs in the neck and shoulders in all three items of the Nordic questionnaire (P<0.05). Discussion: Based on these results, it is necessary to prevent musculoskeletal pains, especially in the neck and back, among the newly admitted students to the university.
Comparing Spinomed® and Elderly Spinal Orthosis Use on Kyphosis Angle, Back Pain, and Quality of Life in Elderly With Thoracic Hyperkyphosis
Authors:   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rahimi Zahra , Mahdavi Seyed Mani ,   Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kamyab Mojtaba ,   Department of Sports Medicine, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Dadgostar Haleh ,   Department of Sports Medicine, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ataei Samane ,   Department of Sports Medicine, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Thoracic hyperkyphosis is one of the most common conditions in the elderly. The use of orthosis and exercise is one of the most effective treatments suggested, but unfortunately, there is little evidence to support this treatment. The study aimed to compare the effect of Spinomed® orthosis and elderly spinal orthosis with exercise and exercise alone on the angle of kyphosis, quality of life, and pain in the elderly with thoracic hyperkyphosis. Methods: In this study, 40 older adults aged 60 years and older with a kyphosis angle of more than 50 degrees were recruited. The participants were allocated into three groups: Spinomed® orthosis and exercise (n=14), elderly spinal orthosis and exercise (n=15), and exercise only (n=11). The groups were treated for three months. Results: There was a significant decrease in the kyphosis angle of participants in the Spinomed® orthosis and exercise groups (P=0.005). Pain score was significantly decreased in the Spinomed® orthosis and exercise group (P=0.023). There was only a significant increase in the physical component summary in the Spinomed® orthosis and exercise group (P=0.03) and the elderly spinal orthosis and exercise group (P=0.04) . Discussion: The combination of Spinomed® orthosis with exercise is the best choice to correct the kyphosis angle, reduce pain, and increase the quality of life. Elderly spinal orthosis and exercise can also improve the quality of life scores.
Missing the Bull’s Eye: A Case Report of Tibialis Anterior Hernia
Authors:   Department of Sports Physiotherapy, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India., Minhaj Muhammed , Mathew Binoy ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Composite Regional Centre for Skill Development Rehabilitation and Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Kozhikode, India.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Shin pain is a broad term used to describe lower leg pain. It is commonly seen in the athletic/sports population. Various conditions have been claimed to produce leg pain, and muscle herniation is one of these conditions. Muscle herniation is the protrusion of muscle through a defect in the overlying fascia. Although such herniation is common, it is often an underdiagnosed condition in the lower extremity. It usually occurs in athletes, especially in the anterior compartment of the leg, as a result of trauma or due to muscle hypertrophy secondary to strenuous exercise. Herniation diagnosis depends on its clinical presentation as it appears as a palpable soft tissue bulge through a fascia defect; radiological findings are used to confirm the diagnosis. Conservative treatment should be the initial approach, and surgery can be performed if conservative treatment fails. Methods: We present a case of symptomatic anterior lower leg pain, initially diagnosed as a psychosomatic disorder by two orthopedic physicians. However, tibialis anterior hernia in this patient was confirmed after physical examination by a physiotherapist and subsequent referral for ultrasonographic evaluation to a radiologist. The patient underwent an 8-week course of conservative treatment under the supervision of a physiotherapist. This treatment significantly improved the patient’s pain and function. Results: After eight weeks of conservative treatment using Minhaj protocol for Tibialis Anterior hernia, the patient has reported improvement in pain (reduction of score from eight to two on the NPRS scale) and function. The patient returned to his previous level of physical activity following eight weeks of rehabilitation. Discussion: Tibialis anterior hernia should be considered a differential diagnosis in chronic leg pain with palpable soft tissue protrusion. Conservative treatment can be chosen as the primary approach.
Developing a Persian Verbal Fluency Test and Comparing the Results Between Healthy Persian Speakers and Persian Speakers Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors:   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Khatoonabadi Ahmad Reza , Aghajanzadeh Mahshid ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Maroufizadeh Saman ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Vahabi Zahra ,   Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Safaeian Armin ,   Arash Women Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Phonemic and semantic fluency tasks are used for verbal fluency (VF) evaluation. The present study aimed to select the most appropriate semantic categories and the most frequent phonemes of Persian as items for the VF test. Then, we determine the test results in differentiation between cognitively intact people and those with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer Disease (AD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 people (60 cognitively intact, 30 with AD, and 30 with MCI) in two phases. In phase one, linguists determine the most frequent phonemes at the beginning of Persian words and the most frequent semantic categories based on a survey. In phase two, the verbal fluency test was administered to cognitively intact people and those with cognitive impairment (patients with AD and MCI). One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The normal subjects scored significantly higher in all phonemic and semantic fluency tasks than the patients with AD and people with MCI (P<0.05). Regarding the phonemic VF task, the phonemes /sh/, /s/, and then /a/ were better in differentiating the MCI and AD groups from the normal group. Regarding the semantic VF task, the animals’ category was better differentiated the MCI and AD groups from the normal group. Discussion: Comparing frequent phonemes and semantic categories of Persian across three groups of normal, AD, and MCI showed that some phonemes and semantic categories can be more differentiating in the VF task. However, it is a preliminary validation study, and this topic needs more investigation in the future.
The Traditional Practices of Mothers in Caring of Neonates Affected by Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors:   Pediatric Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq., Mohammed  Kassim Nuhad , Fadhil Obaid Ali ,   Pediatric Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq., Abdulameer Abdulrasol Zainab ,   Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Babylon.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The current study aimed to identify the mothers’ traditional practice in caring for newborns with jaundice; we want to determine the association between mothers’ practices and their demographic characteristics. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 mothers from inpatient pediatric wards of Babylon Teaching Hospital for maternal and pediatric care. They were selected by non-probability, purposive sampling method. The study data were collected by a three-part tool: demographic data sheet related to mothers and children, mothers’ knowledge concerning neonatal jaundice, and the mother’s knowledge and home practices concerning neonatal jaundice. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS version 22. Results: Most mothers (67%) were younger than 30 years, and 10% had college or institute educational level. Also, 87% of mothers knew that jaundice is a common problem for neonates; 25% did not know that jaundice is abnormal if it occurs within the first 36 hours. About 17% of mothers did not agree that maternal and fetal blood group differences lead to jaundice. Besides, 47% of mothers were uncertain that severe jaundice could lead to deafness, and 78% knew that phototherapy is the treatment for jaundice. Discussion: The majority of respondents in the study were aged 29 years or less. Most of them adopted breast and formula as the type of feeding. The most recognizable outcome of this study was the adequate knowledge and practices of mothers concerning traditional caring for neonates with jaundice.
Comparing Psychometric Properties of GLFS-5 With GLFS-25 for Screening Locomotive Syndrome in Community-dwelling Iranian Older People
Authors:   Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sadeghi Mahall Nasim , Hoseini Mohammad-Ali ,   Department of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rahgozar Mehdi ,   Department of Biomedical and Computer Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Norouzi Tabrizi Kian ,   Department of Nursing, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Locomotive syndrome refers to reduced mobility due to impairment of locomotive organs. Because of the importance of screening locomotive syndrome among older people, this article is focused on psychometric characteristics of Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS)-5 and comparing it with GLFS-25 in Iranian older adults Methods: This research was conducted on 320 older Iranian people. Validity and reliability of the GLFS-5 were examined and confirmed using Content Validity Index (CVI), factor analysis, correlation coefficient with the European Quality of Life Scale-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire, the Cronbach α value for internal consistency, and intraclass correlation and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) technique to determine the cutoff score for the locomotive syndrome. Results: In phase 1 of the study, 250 Iranian older people ≥60 years were analyzed. The factor analysis showed that the GLFS-25 is a multi-dimensional scale (Activities of Daily Livings [ADLs] and Quality of Life [QoL], pain, social relationship, and psychological status), and GLFS-5 is a one-dimensional scale (the ability to perform daily activities). The Cronbach α values for GLFS-25 and GLFS-5 were 0.93 and 0.84, respectively. As for association between the GLFS-25 and GLFS-5 with EQ-5D and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (health self-perceived), the Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.85 and -0.72 for GLFS-25 (P=0.01) and 0.82 and -0.67 for GLFS-5 (P=0.01), respectively. The cutoff scores to identify locomotive syndrome for the GLFS-25 and GLFS-5 were 16 and 4, respectively. Discussion: Considering the good validity and reliability properties of the GLFS-5 compared to GLFS-25 and the more convenient use of this short version of the GLFS, its application is highly recommended for community-based screening of locomotive syndrome in Iranian older people.
Normativas sanitárias e a distribuição geográfica na fabricação de fitoterápicos no Brasil
Authors: Castro Marta Rocha de , Léda Paulo Henrique Oliveira
Published: December 2021

A Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos (PNPMF), aprovada pelo Ministério da Saúde no Brasil em 2006, recomenda a valorização do conhecimento tradicional, o uso sustentável da biodiversidade e o fortalecimento da indústria farmacêutica nacional neste campo. Após alguns anos da instauração da PNPMF, constatamos que as empresas nacionais de fitoterápicos não conseguem se sustentar diante das exigências estabelecidas pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) e que a valorização do conhecimento tradicional é inexpressiva diante da exclusão das espécies nativas do âmbito normativo. Este artigo demonstra que as normativas sanitárias têm forte influência na composição dos fitoterápicos disponíveis para consumo, reduzindo a importância do conhecimento local, representado pelas nativas, no desenvolvimento deste setor no Brasil, e aborda discussão sobre a distribuição territorial da produção de fitoterápicos. Conclui-se que a maioria das espécies utilizadas é exótica e que as empresas fabricantes de fitoterápicos estão concentradas na região sudeste, principalmente no Estado de São Paulo, as quais têm como atividade principal a produção de alopáticos para consumo humano. Logo, a produção de fitoterápicos não é a atividade principal das empresas que produzem e comercializam fitoterápicos no Brasil.
Brazilian essential oil of Cymbopogon martini (Poaceae): positive effects on inflammation-induced human fibroblasts and skin aging
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Rocha , Bella Leonardo Mendes , Duarte Marília Cristina , Vieira Rodolfo de Paula
Published: December 2021

The study evaluated the effects of essential oil from Cymbopogon martini (CMEO) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human fibroblasts. Samples were collected in Monte Verde, Minas Gerais, Brazil and analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The fibroblasts were cultured in a monolayer using Iscove's medium and stimulated by LPS (1 μg/mL) and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and collagen concentration by Sirius red. Collagenase activity, hyaluronic acid, and the concentrations of IL-1β; IL-6; MCP-1 (CCL2), and MIP-1-α (CCL3) were evaluated. The effect of CMEO on the expression of mRNA and the secretion of enzymes in fibroblasts were evaluated by RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. CMEO was cytotoxic against fibroblasts, in which 10 μg/mL inhibited 50% of cell viability. When treated with CMEO, the fibroblasts produced more collagen and hyaluronic acid than control cells. When stimulated by LPS, fibroblasts exhibited higher production of IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, and MIP-1α than control cells. The study demonstrated the effects of CMEO on the modulation of mediators related to inflammation and decreasing the mRNA and secretion levels of metalloproteinases, revealing to be a promising candidate for anti-aging effects and wound healing treatments.
Pemanfaatan Barcode Scanner Pada Aplikasi Manajemen Inventory Barang Berbasis Android
Authors: Alda Muhamad
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah aplikasi berbasis android menggunakan barcode scanner. Aplikasi ini dapat membantu karyawan gudang dalam mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi pada proses manajemen inventory barang. Selama ini masih banyak perusahaan yang dalam melakukan proses manajemen inventory barang diilakukan secara manual dengan mencatat pada sebuah buku. Permasalahan yang terjadi yaitu besarnya tenaga dan waktu yang dikeluarkan dalam melakukan manajemen inventory barang. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan dengan metode Extreme Programming (XP), yang terdiri dari tahapan perencanaan, desain, coding dan testing sistem informasi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari observasi, wawancara dan studi Pustaka. Sedangkan untuk pemodelan secara visual menggunakan model UML (Unified Modeling Languange) yang terdiri dari dari Use Case Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Activity Diagram dan Class Diagram. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini dapat membantu karyawan gudang dalam melakukan manajemen inventory barang, meliputi barang masuk, barang keluar, inventory akhir dan laporan
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Siswa Teladan Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Pada SMK Telkom Purwokerto
Authors: Fathoni M Yoka , Darmansah Darmansah , Januarita Dwi
Published: December 2021

Proses penentuan siswa teladan merupakan proses penilaian siswa dari berbagai aspek yang ditentukan oleh sekolah. Penetapan siswa terbaik di SMK Telkom Purwokerto sangat penting untuk meningkatkan semangat belajar siswa, karena penghargaan akan memotivasi prestasi belajar siswa. Penentuan perhitungan yang cepat dan akurat memerlukan suatu sistem yang dapat menangani manajemen pengambilan keputusan untuk menghasilkan siswa terbaik. Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) merupakan metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui prestasi belajar siswa. Studi kasus dilakukan di SMK Telkom Purwokerto. Sistem informasi penentuan siswa berkualitas ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai sarana di SMK Telkom Purwokerto. Dengan sistem ini, sekolah dapat dengan mudah memilih kriteria dan menentukan siswa terbaik di sekolah tersebut.
Implementasi Algoritma Promethee II Pada Pemilihan Media Belajar Daring Di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Syaputra Asep , Sasmita Sasmita
Published: December 2021

Dalam rangka mendukung kebijakan pemerintah untuk menekan penyebaran COVID19, institusi pendidikan diliburkan untuk belajar tatap muka guna mendukung program social distancing. Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK), khususnya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK), berkembang sangat pesat. Kemajuan ini pasti akan mempengaruhi semua bidang kehidupan, termasuk pendidikan. Hanya melalui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam proses pendidikan otonomi dan globalisasi pendidikan dapat berhasil dicapai. Tren penggunaan media belajar daring dari berbagai kalangan masyarakat memiliki banyak fungsi, seperti: update berita, alat komunikasi, belajar online dan berbagi (data, gambar, dan suara) tanpa harus bertatap muka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih media belajar yang paling populer digunakan berdasarkan fungsi, minat, atau antarmuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Promethee II sebagai analisis keputusan pemilihan media belajar online dengan hasil perhitungan menggunakan ms.Excel 2019. Objek kriteria alternatif dalam penelitian ini menggunakan media belajar online populer seperti Zoom Meeting, E-Learning, Whatsapp, Youtube, dan Google Classroom. Penelitian Metode ini menggunakan tahapan pengumpulan data yaitu survey metode,
Aspectos psicológicos de pacientes recém inseridos ao tratamento hemodialítico
Authors: Moreira Joicy Dayanne Machado , Reis José de Arimatéia Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi compreender os aspectos psicológicos de pacientes com IRC durante o período de inserção ao tratamento hemodialítico no decorrer do processo de internação. A metodologia empregada para este estudo foi de caráter qualitativo, tendo como estratégia de pesquisa um estudo de casos múltiplos. Participaram desta pesquisa 06 pacientes internados que estavam iniciando o tratamento hemodialítico em um hospital de referência em saúde renal no estado do Pará. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir do acompanhamento psicológico dos pacientes, da observação participante, registro em diários de campo e análise documental (levantamento de prontuários). Os resultados nos indicam que os participantes da pesquisa apresentam uma visão predominantemente negativa sobre a hemodiálise. Sinalizam que o início do tratamento hemodialítico atrelado a longa internação hospitalar, se configura como um fator que contribuí para o sofrimento psíquico do paciente. Podendo estar relacionado com a intensificação de queixas referentes a hospitalização, a inquietude e ao surgimento de sintomas psicológicos de ansiedade no aguardo de vaga ambulatorial e a intensificação de sintomatologia depressiva, principalmente quando o paciente percebe a ausência do suporte familiar e social. O estudo realizado contribuiu para a promoção da reflexão sobre a importância do acompanhamento psicológico em meio condições desfavoráveis decorrentes da inserção do paciente em hemodiálise durante o processo de internação.
Potentially synergistic effects of melatonin and metformin in alleviating hyperglycaemia: a comprehensive review
Authors: Banerjee Adrita , Chattopadhyay Aindrila , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: December 2021

High level of glucose is hazardous for organisms since it leads to lipid peroxidation, protein glycation and free radical generation. Insulin can lower the high blood glucose by promoting cell’s glucose up-taking. Thus, the impeded insulin secretion in type 1-diabetes and insensitivity of cells to insulin in type 2-diabetes cause hyperglycaemia. Hyperglycaemia impairs mitochondrial function of pancreas to trigger ROS generation. The malfunctional mitochondria cause endoplasmic reticulum to produce misfolded non-functional insulin, finally leading to diabetes. Melatonin, the mitochondria targeted antioxidant, provides protection against diabetes by multiple ways. These include balancing cellular redox status, lowering blood glucose level by modulating metabolic pathways and, finally protecting cells/organelles from high glucose induced injury. Moreover, this indoleamine preserves pancreatic physiological normalcy to facilitate insulin secretion. Thus, melatonin can effectively mitigate diabetes and diabetic complications. Metformin, the most prescribed medicine for type 2-diabetes, has similar antidiabetic activities as melatonin. Both the molecules share similar pathways to preserve stress-stricken pancreas and other organs, whereas, melatonin also potentiates the actions of metformin. The potentially synergistic actions of melatonin and metformin are expected and we strongly recommend a combined therapeutic application of these two molecules for treatment of diabetes.