bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usual care in a multicentre randomised controlled trial of financial incentives for smoking cessation in pregnancy: qualitative findings from a mixed-methods process evaluation
Authors: McKell Jennifer , Harris Fiona M , Sinclair Lesley , Bauld Linda , Tappin David Michael , Hoddinott Pat
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Financial incentives are recommended by the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence to aid smoking cessation in pregnancy. However, little is known about how implementation contexts might impact on their effectiveness. Variations in smoking cessation support (usual care) for pregnant women who smoke were examined qualitatively as part of a prospective process evaluation of the Cessation in Pregnancy Incentives Trial (CPIT III).

Design

Longitudinal case studies of five CPIT III trial sites informed by realist evaluation.

Setting

A stop smoking service (SSS) serving a maternity hospital constituted each case study, located in three UK countries.

Participants

Data collection included semistructured interviews with trial participants (n=22), maternity (n=12) and SSS staff (n=17); and site observations and perspectives recorded in fieldnotes (n=85).

Results

Cessation support (usual care) for pregnant women varied in amount, location, staff capacity, flexibility and content across sites. SSS staff capacity was important to avoid gaps in support. Colocation and good working relationships between maternity and SSS professionals enabled prioritisation and reinforced the importance of smoking cessation. Sites with limited use of carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring reduced opportunities to identify smokers while inconsistency around automatic referral processes prevented the offer of cessation support. SSS professionals colocated within antenatal clinics were available to women they could not otherwise reach. Flexibility around location, timing and tailoring of approaches for support, facilitated initial and sustained engagement and reduced the burden on women.

Conclusions

Trial sites faced varied barriers and facilitators to delivering cessation support, reflecting heterogeneity in usual care. If financial incentives are more effective with concurrent smoking cessation support, sites with fewer barriers and more facilitators regarding this support would be expected to have more promising trial outcomes. Future reporting of trial outcomes will assist in understanding incentives’ generalisability across a wide range of usual care settings.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN15236311.
Cohort-profile: Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Brasil Patrícia , Damasceno Luana , Fuller Trevon , Bastos Leonardo S , Cruz Oswaldo G , Medeiros Fernando , Calvet Guilherme Amaral , Resende Paola , Whitworth Jimmy , Smith Chris , Siqueira Marilda M , Carvalho Marilia
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To better understand the household transmission of SARS-COV-2 in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022).

Participants

This is an open prospective cohort study of children ≤12 years old and their household contacts. During home visits over 24 months, we collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, behavioural data, clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2, vaccination status, SARS-CoV-2 (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) RT-PCR and anti-S antibody tests. Among adults, the majority of participants were women (62%).

Findings to date

We enrolled 845 families from May 2020 to May 2022. The median number of residents per household was four. The median household density, defined as the number of persons per room, was 0.95. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 occurrence was higher in households with a high number of persons per room. Children were not the principal source of SARS-CoV-2 infections in their households during the first wave of the pandemic.

Future plans

Future studies will investigate cellular and humoral immune responses to locally circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, which is relevant for the design of vaccines, antivirals and monoclonal antibodies. We will also engage in outreach to encourage vaccination as a means of limiting the transmission of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and other emerging pathogens.
Effect of psychosocial interventions on risky driving behaviours among offender drivers by using simulated and real driving: study protocol for a non-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Aliyari Roqayeh , Mirrezaie Seyed Mohammad , Kazemeini Toktam , Sadeghian Farideh , Fayaz Dastgerdi Mahsa , Azizi Alireza
Published: December 2022

Background

Risky driving behaviour including anger while driving has led to millions of global road traffic crashes, thousands of mortalities and injuries. These losses are much more in middle-income countries, such as Iran. This paper explains methods of data collection in a controlled trial study for evaluating the effect of psychosocial interventions on risky driving by using simulated and real driving.

Methods

This non-randomised controlled trial study will include 180 offender drivers. They will refer to the simulation laboratory by traffic police after their driving licences were suspended. At baseline, all participants will fill five questionnaires including demographic, Driving Anger Scale, Driving Anger Expression Scale, Spielberger’s Anger and Manchester Driving Behavioural, and then they will be tested with a driving simulator. Afterwards, they will be allocated to one of three-intervention training arms (mindfulness, meta-cognition and social marketing) or a control arm without any training. Risky driving behaviours will be assessed in three follow-ups after intervention. The primary outcome of interest will be driving offences, recorded by traffic police in two time points: at 6 months and 1 year after the intervention.

Discussion

This study examines the effect of three interventions in reducing driving offence. The results can end in a new therapeutic training or a new legislation that should be added to current obligatory training for getting driving licence and can lead to long-term safe driving among Iranian drivers. Future research is recommended to study the cost-effectiveness of these interventions in actual driving in Iran.

Trial registration number

UMIN000039493.
Modes of assay interference and the effectiveness of serum pretreatment approaches in detection of anti-HLA antibodies
Authors: Abraha Joseph , Rao Ping , Morris Gerald P
Published: December 2022

Aims

Several modes of assay interference common to immunoassays affect solid-phase single-antigen bead-based immunoassays (SAB) used to detect antibodies against human leucocyte antigens (HLA). Best practice recommendations include methods to address assay interference, though the clinical impact and optimal approaches are undefined. We sought to evaluate assay interference in HLA SAB to identify an efficient approach for avoiding erroneous results.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of 14 059 patient samples tested for anti-HLA antibodies was performed. This included 4685 samples tested prior to implementation of serum pretreatment with EDTA and 4982 samples tested with routine EDTA treatment using the same testing algorithm. An algorithm for efficiently identifying and processing samples with suspected interference was evaluated in a separate cohort of 4392 EDTA-treated samples.

Results

EDTA serum pretreatment reduced assay interference, but did not eliminate all modes of interference. A protocol for identification and testing of samples with suspected interference facilitated efficient detection of interference while reducing the amount of additional testing required.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that a single-method approach is insufficient to address all sources of interference in HLA SAB. A multimodal approach with a proactive screening is a more effective way to minimise risk of erroneous results.
Simplified stroke imaging selection modality for endovascular thrombectomy in the extended time window: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Zimei , Deng Shan , Zhang Jian , Chen Shijian , Ye Ziming , Zhang Limei , Hu Ruiting , Zhong Cai , Liu Xiuying , Qin Chao
Published: December 2022

Background

The impact of imaging selection modality on clinical outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in the 6–24-hour time window remains undetermined. We compared the clinical outcomes of a simplified stroke imaging selection modality using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT)±CT angiography (CTA) with using advanced CT perfusion (CTP).

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 1 May 2022 to compare NCCT±CTA and CTP for patient selection for EVT in late-presenting stroke with large vessel occlusions (LVO). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2) within 180 days. The secondary outcomes included mortality within 90 days, successful recanalization, and any intracranial hemorrhage.

Results

A total of 3419 patients in six articles were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant difference between NCCT±CTA (no-CTP) and CTP in functional independence either in overall or subgroup analysis. However, the mortality in the no-CTP group was higher than in the CTP group. Furthermore, within the DAWN/DEFUSE 3-like subgroup, there were no significant differences in mortality, successful recanalization, and any intracranial hemorrhage between the two groups.

Conclusion

There was no significant difference between the simplified NCCT±CTA modality and the advanced CTP modality. The use of NCCT±CTA may represent a reasonable option for selecting patients for EVT in the extended time window, especially in the absence of CTP and acute phase MRI capabilities.
Association between early treatment of multiple sclerosis and patient-reported outcomes: a nationwide observational cohort study
Authors: He Anna , Spelman Tim , Manouchehrinia Ali , Ciccarelli Olga , Hillert Jan , McKay Kyla
Published: December 2022

Background

Timing of disease-modifying therapy affects clinical disability in multiple sclerosis, but it is not known whether patient reported outcomes are also affected. This study investigates the relationship between treatment timing and patient-reported symptoms and health-related quality of life.

Methods

This was a nationwide observational cohort study of adults with relapsing multiple sclerosis, with disease onset between 2001 and 2016, and commenced on disease-modifying treatment within 4 years from disease onset. Patients commencing treatment within 0–2 years were compared with patients commencing treatment at 2–4 years. Indication bias was mitigated by propensity matching. Outcomes were patient-reported symptoms and health-related quality of life as measured by the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) and EuroQol-5 Dimensions-3 Level (EQ-5D). The follow-up period was 4–10 years from disease onset.

Results

There were 2648 patients (69% female, median age 32.8) eligible for matching. Mean follow-up time was 3.7 years. Based on 780 matched patients, each year of treatment delay was associated with a worse MSIS physical score by 2.75 points (95% CI 1.29 to 4.20), and worse MSIS psychological score by 2.02 points (95% CI 0.03 to 3.78), in the adjusted models.

Among 690 matched patients, earlier treatment start was not associated with EQ-5D score during the follow-up.

Conclusions

Earlier commencement of disease-modifying treatment was associated with better patient-reported physical symptoms when measured using a disease-specific metric; however, general quality of life was not affected. This indicates that other factors may inform patients’ overall quality of life.
Mutant metaphors:Frankensteinin the era of COVID-19
Authors: Coffelt Allison , Djandji Alexandre
Published: December 2022

Since its debut, Mary Shelley’sFrankensteinhas, fittingly, assumed a life of its own. In today’s cultural landscape, the mere mention of ‘mutant’ evokes the language of Othering, including Frankensteinian metaphors, such as those used to describe the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. When scientists referred to omicron as a Frankenstein variant, they demonstrated the inherent mutability of the myth—a myth that is crucial in biomedicine. In this article, the authors examine the shifting nature ofFrankensteinmetaphors and consider how they function in what Priscilla Wald refers to as outbreak narratives in the context of the USA’s COVID-19 policies. The authors point to the ready instatement of travel bans as evidence of how such a potent myth is used to create and sell public policy. In response to such xenophobic policies, the authors apply Donna Haraway’s concept of ‘boundary breakdowns’ in order to reimagine relationships with mutancy. They examine how moving past the idea ofmutant is otherin contemporary virus narratives may offer a way to reconfigure our relationships of self and other and move beyond the hegemonic and nativist policies of the present.
Signatures of excited monopolium
Authors: Fanchiotti Huner , Canal Carlos A. García , Traini Marco , Vento Vicente
Published: December 2022

We study electromagnetic properties of particles with magnetic moment and no charge using their behavior when traversing coils and solenoids. These particles via the Faraday-Lenz law create a current whose energy we calculate. We analyze both the case of very long lived, almost stable, particles and those with a finite lifetime. We use this development to study the behavior of monopolium a monopole-antimonopole bound state in its excited states.
A collocation method for solving time fractional nonlinear Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation arising in shallow water waves
Authors: Karaagac Berat , Esen Alaattin , Owolabi Kolade M. , Pindza Edson
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on numerical solutions of time fractional nonlinear Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation formulated with Caputo’s fractional derivative. For this purpose, a framework of combinations of collocation method with the finite-element method is provided using trigonometric quintic B-spline basis. The method consists of both spatial discretization and temporal discretization using approximate solution and Crank–Nicolson approach. Discretizing fractional derivative is made using [Formula: see text] algorithm which is derived from the definition of Caputo derivative using an approximate function. The stability analysis is established using von-Neumann stability technique. The numerical results obtained using the collocation method are presented via tables and graphics. The novel results demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of the method.
Effect of warning signs on the epidemic spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Xu Xin-Yun , Zhang Hong-Bin , Ma Yunhe
Published: December 2022

Early warning signs of the outbreak of pandemic disease become a high profile from the beginning and they remind more susceptible individuals to keep social distance on social occasions. However, these signs have no way to the Susceptible–Infected–Recovered (SIR) models which have been concerned by medical scientists. Warning signs imply the risk level of the pandemic disease evaluated by the government. The response of susceptible population ([Formula: see text]-population) to the warning signs is represented by a chicken game. In order to get a better payoff, the more beneficial behavior of the [Formula: see text]-population may be induced in the autonomous society based on the SIR model. We emphasize that participants can choose their strategies whether to follow the health rules or not without coercion in the chicken game while the warning signs released by the policy makers can encourage [Formula: see text]-population to choose beneficial behavior, instead of purely following the healthy rules or not. The agile policy helps [Formula: see text]-population to make a choice on the basis of risk interests but without losing to protect themselves in a serious pandemic situation. Comparing the classic SIR model with our signal-SIR model, the serious pandemic signal released by the policy makers and the disease awareness to it together play an important role in the outbreak period of the pandemic disease.
Bimodal accuracy distribution of link prediction in complex networks
Authors: Zhang Chengjun , Qian Ming , Shen Xinyu , Li Qi , Lei Yi , Yu Wenbin
Published: December 2022

Link prediction plays an important role in information filtering and numerous research works have been made in this field. However, traditional link prediction algorithms mainly focus on overall prediction accuracy, ignoring the heterogeneity of the prediction accuracy for different links. In this paper, we analyzed the prediction accuracy of each link in networks and found that the prediction accuracy for different links is severely polarized. Further analysis shows that the accuracy of edges with low edge betweenness is consistently high while that of edges with high edge betweenness is consistently low, i.e. AUC follows a bimodal distribution with one peak around 0.5 and the other peak around 1. Our results indicate that link prediction algorithms should focus more on edges with high betweenness instead of edges with low betweenness. To improve the accuracy of edges with high betweenness, we proposed an improved algorithm called RA_LP which takes advantage of resource transfer of the second-order and third-order paths of local path. Results show that this algorithm can improve the link prediction accuracy for edges with high betweenness as well as the overall accuracy.
Dynamics evolution prediction from time series data with recurrent neural networks in a complex system
Authors: Liu Yixin
Published: December 2022

Time series data can be used to predict the dynamical behaviors without knowing equation model of a system. In this study, long-short term memory (LSTM) neural network is implemented to construct a complex dynamical system from data series. The network is trained through minimizing the loss function to obtain the optimal weight matrices of LSTM cells. We find that the LSTM network can well ”learn” the information of the complex system. The data series generated from periodic orbits of a nonlinear system can be exactly predicted by comparing the output of neural networks with the real complex system. For the chaotic data series, the time evolution of trajectories could exactly match the actual system in the short-term data. Moreover, the long-term ergodic behavior of the complex system remains in our prediction, although such chaotic data series are quite sensitive to the initial conditions and the ensuing increase in uncertainty.
A New Electronically Tunable Transimpedance-Mode OTA-Based First-Order Universal Filter and its Quadrature Oscillator Application
Authors: Varol Aygun , Yucel Firat , Cakir Abdulkadir
Published: December 2022

This paper suggests a new operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) based electronically tunable transimpedance-mode first-order universal filter (FOUF). The suggested FOUF produces all-pass (AP), high-pass (HP) and low-pass (LP) filter responses simultaneously. It employs three OTAs, two grounded resistors and only one grounded capacitor. Owing to use of grounded passive elements, the suggested FOUF is suitable for integrated circuit implementation. It operates at low power supply voltages. Additionally, the resonance frequency of the suggested AP filter can be adjusted in a wide frequency range. However, the suggested FOUF consists of only one matching condition. Moreover, a sinusoidal quadrature oscillator (QO) application that is derived from the suggested FOUF topology is given. The suggested FOUF and its QO application are simulated by using 0.18-[Formula: see text]m TSMC technology parameters in the SPICE program to validate the presented theory. Finally, an experimental test is performed to demonstrate workability of the suggested AP filter.
Quantum cosmology in coupled Brans–Dicke gravity: A Noether symmetry analysis
Authors: Laya Dipankar , Dutta Sourav , Chakraborty Subenoy
Published: December 2022

This work deals with a multi-field cosmological model in a spatially flat FLRW spacetime geometry. The usual Brans–Dicke (BD) field and another scalar field are minimally coupled to gravity while they interact with each other through the Kinetic terms. The main aim of this work is to examine whether the model is compatible with cosmic observations. So cosmological solutions are obtained using symmetry analysis only. By imposing Noether Symmetry to the Lagrangian of the system, the potential of the scalar field as well as the coupling function had been determined. The classical solutions are determined after simplifying the Lagrangian using cyclic variables. Finally, Wheeler–DeWitt (WD) equation in quantum cosmology has been formulated and conserved momenta corresponding to Noether symmetry will show the periodic part of the wave function and it helps to have the complete integral for the wave function.
Entropic gravity and cosmology in Kaniadakis statistics
Authors: Sadeghnezhad N.
Published: December 2022

By using the Kaniadakis statistics, we discuss the modifications of Newtonian gravity and radial velocity profile in the light of Verlinde’s formalism for gravitational entropy. After considering the implications of [Formula: see text]-statistics on the gravitational potential, it is shown that an accelerated universe may be obtained by considering the Friedmann first equation in this nonextensive statistics.
Swampland criteria of inflationary scalar field models with well-known potentials
Authors: Rani Shamaila , Jawad Abdul , Sultan Abdul Malik , Majeed Aneesa
Published: December 2022

We explore the swampland conjectures of quintessence and tachyon scalar field models in [Formula: see text] and Einstein gravities, respectively. In [Formula: see text] gravity, we consider cold and warm (by assuming generalized dissipative coefficient) inflationary scenarios and develop constraints on de-Sitter conjectures through Bekenstein entropy relation. In usual inflation, the de-Sitter conjecture constraint becomes constant (in terms of models constant parameters) which can be easily analyzed for its validity (i.e., [Formula: see text]). However, in warm inflation, we analyze the de-Sitter conjecture constraint through [Formula: see text], i.e., if [Formula: see text] then [Formula: see text] and hence we can obtain the required result. For evaluating this condition, we choose three well-known potentials such as monomial chaotic, hilltop and generalized exponential. It is observed that the condition [Formula: see text] satisfied for all three potentials in both regimes of dissipative coefficient for specific choice of constants. We also obtain satisfactory results of de-Sitter conjecture for tachyon and polytropic (with quintessence scalar field) in general relativity. We investigate the consistency of assumed potentials through inflationary parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] comparing with Planck’s observational data 2018 and found them compatible with the recent observations.
Comparing Fisher information and Bayesian statistical approaches on measuring the Hubble Constant from binary black hole merger gravitational wave signals
Authors: Wang Loup
Published: December 2022

Gravitational waves from binary black-hole mergers can be used to provide distance and angular location information of these sources, which, upon comparison with galaxy catalogs, can be used to measure the Hubble Constant. For a given galaxy catalog, and binary merger rates associated with each galaxy, a Fisher information approach can be used to estimate the measurement error for the Hubble Constant from the dark siren approach. In this paper, we validate the predictions from the Fisher information approach by carrying out a series of Monte Carlo simulations. Except in situations with very low event rates, the Fisher information approach is shown to predict the statistical errors of the Bayesian approach with good accuracy.
Topological insulator-based nonlinear optical effects and functional devices
Authors: Li Dikun , Lu Hua , Zhao Jianlin
Published: December 2022

Topological insulators (TIs) are a new type of electronic material with the insulating bulk state and topologically protected conducting surface/edge state. TI materials exhibiting outstanding optical properties containing high carrier mobility, ultrahigh refractive index, wide operating spectral range, and dynamic tunability play an important role in optical functional devices. Especially, the TI materials with special topological energy bands possess high nonlinear optical coefficient, superior to conventional semiconductor and two-dimensional materials. The nonlinear optical characters of TIs are expected to realize highly efficient nonlinear optical conversion, nonlinear absorption, and all-optical switching, terahertz emission. TIs will provide a new platform for the interaction between light and matter as well as the development of nonlinear optics. In this review, we conclude current advances about some research on TI-based nonlinear optical effects and related devices, and give a prospect of potential applications for TIs in nonlinear optics.
An approximate approach to fuzzy stochastic differential equations under sub-fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Jafari Hossein , Farahani Hamed
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we introduce fuzzy stochastic differential equations (FSDEs) driven by sub-fractional Brownian motion (SFBM) which are applied to describe phenomena subjected to randomness and fuzziness simultaneously. The SFBM is an extension of the Brownian motion that retains many properties of fractional Brownian motion (FBM), but not the stationary increments. This property makes SFBM a possible candidate for models that include long-range dependence, self-similarity, and non-stationary increments which is suitable for the construction of stochastic models in finance and non-stationary queueing systems. We apply an approximation method to stochastic integrals, and a decomposition of the SFBM to find the existence and uniqueness of the solutions.
w-invertible ideals over infra-Krull domains
Authors: Zhou Dechuan , Hu Kui , Wang Ling
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we discuss a few properties of [Formula: see text]-invertible ideals over infra-Krull domains. Let [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] denote the multiplicative group of [Formula: see text]-invertible [Formula: see text]-fractional ideals of an integral domain [Formula: see text] and let [Formula: see text] denote the multiplicative group of principal fractional ideals of an integral domain [Formula: see text]. We proved that, if [Formula: see text] is an infra-Krull domain, then [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]. As an application, we can get one of Neukirch’s results directly.
Siegel Eisenstein series of level two and its applications
Authors: Li Ding , Zhou Haigang
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we construct a holomorphic Siegel modular form of weight 2 and level 2, and compute its Fourier coefficients explicitly. Moreover, we prove that this modular form equals the generating function of the representative number [Formula: see text] associated with the maximal order in the quaternion algebra [Formula: see text]. As a corollary, we can give a new proof of the famous formula for the sums of three squares. As applications, we give an explicit formula for the numbers of solutions of two systems of Diophantine equations related with Sun’s “1-3-5 conjecture”. Furthermore, we show that “a perfect square” in the integral condition version of Sun’s conjecture can be replaced by “a power of 4”.
On the degrees of representations of groups not divisible by 2k
Authors: Amrutha P. , Geetha T.
Published: December 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite group. For a given pair of non-negative integers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we aim to give an explicit formula to count the number of elements of [Formula: see text], the set of all irreducible representations of [Formula: see text] whose degree is not divisible by [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we give formulas for [Formula: see text], when [Formula: see text] is symmetric group, generalized symmetric group, and alternating group. Further, we also have a complete characterization of the elements in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and the self-conjugate partitions of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with degree not divisible by [Formula: see text].
A note on “On the classification of Landsberg spherically symmetric Finsler metrics”
Authors: Elgendi S. G.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we prove that all spherically symmetric Landsberg surfaces are Berwaldian. We modify the classification of spherically symmetric Finsler metrics, done by the author in [S. G. Elgendi, On the classification of Landsberg spherically symmetric Finsler metrics, Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. 18 (2021)], of Berwald type of dimension [Formula: see text]. Precisely, we show that all Berwald spherically symmetric metrics of dimension [Formula: see text] are Riemannian or given by a certain formula. As a simple class of Berwaldian metrics, we prove that all spherically symmetric metrics in which the function [Formula: see text] is homogeneous of degree [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are Berwaldian.
Dynamical study of a predator–prey system with Michaelis–Menten type predator-harvesting
Authors: Kashyap Ankur Jyoti , Zhu Quanxin , Sarmah Hemanta Kumar , Bhattacharjee Debasish
Published: December 2022

The predation process plays a significant role in advancing life evolution and the maintenance of ecological balance and biodiversity. Hunting cooperation in predators is one of the most remarkable features of the predation process, which benefits the predators by developing fear upon their prey. This study investigates the dynamical behavior of a modified LV-type predator–prey system with Michaelis–Menten-type harvesting of predators where predators adopt cooperation strategy during hunting. The ecologically feasible steady states of the system and their asymptotic stabilities are explored. The local codimension one bifurcations, viz. transcritical, saddle-node and Hopf bifurcations, that emerge in the system are investigated. Sotomayors approach is utilized to show the appearance of transcritical bifurcation and saddle-node bifurcation. A backward Hopf-bifurcation is detected when the harvesting effort is increased, which destabilizes the system by generating periodic solutions. The stability nature of the Hopf-bifurcating periodic orbits is determined by computing the first Lyapunov coefficient. Our analyses revealed that above a threshold value of the harvesting effort promotes the coexistence of both populations. Similar periodic solutions of the system are also observed when the conversion efficiency rate or the hunting cooperation rate is increased. We have also explored codimension two bifurcations viz. the generalized Hopf and the Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation exhibit by the system. To visualize the dynamical behavior of the system, numerical simulations are conducted using an ecologically plausible parameter set. The existence of the bionomic equilibrium of the model is analyzed. Moreover, an optimal harvesting policy for the proposed model is derived by considering harvesting effort as a control parameter with the help of Pontryagins maximum principle.
Analytical bifurcation and strong resonances of a discrete Bazykin–Berezovskaya predator–prey model with Allee effect
Authors: Salman Sanaa Moussa , Elsadany A. A.
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates multiple bifurcations analyses and strong resonances of the Bazykin–Berezovskaya predator–prey model in depth using analytical and numerical bifurcation analysis. The stability conditions of fixed points, codim-1 and codim-2 bifurcations to include multiple and generic bifurcations are studied. This model exhibits transcritical, flip, Neimark–Sacker, and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] strong resonances. The normal form coefficients and their scenarios for each bifurcation are examined by using the normal form theorem and bifurcation theory. For each bifurcation, various types of critical states are calculated, such as potential transformations between the one-parameter bifurcation point and different bifurcation points obtained from the two-parameter bifurcation point. To validate our analytical findings, the bifurcation curves of fixed points are determined by using MatcontM.
On the ideal-based zero-divisor graph of commutative rings
Authors: Selvakumar K. , Anusha N.
Published: December 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite commutative ring with identity, [Formula: see text] be an ideal of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] denotes the Jacobson radical of [Formula: see text]. The ideal-based zero-divisor graph [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a graph with vertex set [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text] in which distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we determine the diameter, girth of [Formula: see text]. Specifically, we classify all finite commutative nonlocal rings for which [Formula: see text] is perfect. Furthermore, we discuss about the planarity, outerplanarity, genus and crosscap of [Formula: see text] and characterize all of them.
Hearing Minority Voices: Institutional Discrimination Towards LGBTQ in Disaster and Recovery
Authors: King David
Published: December 2022

Within the themes of CASCADE NET, this paper focusses on less heard voices and the need to develop new social spaces. Disaster vulnerability identifies diversity in society through a lens of constraints to solutions, on such bases as demography, socio-economic status, cultural, ethnic and gendered minorities within society, and marginalized groups as well as physical proximity to a hazard. The focus of disaster risk reduction is on building resilience through the strengths and capacities in society, but it has a tendency to homogenize characteristics of resilience to the community level, thereby flattening and hiding diversity. LGBTQ people are largely ignored as minority groups with specific information needs. Specific response and recovery processes and actors exacerbate the vulnerability of the LGBTQ minority, especially in evacuation, support, counselling, and rehousing. The role of faith-based organizations (FBO) in providing these services during disaster relief and recovery is examined in this paper. This paper identifies and critiques the attitudes and practices of some FBO towards LGBTQ groups in their provision of disaster relief services.
Integrated stratigraphy and clay mineralogy of the Owadów–Brzezinki section (Lower–Upper Tithonian transition, central Poland): implications for correlations between the Boreal and the Tethyan domains and palaeoclimate
Authors: Błażejowski Błażej , Pszczółkowski Andrzej , Grabowski Jacek , Wierzbowski Hubert , Deconinck Jean-Francois , Olempska Ewa , Teodorski Artur , Nawrocki Jerzy
Published: December 2022

New microfossil and magnetostratigraphical data as well as geochemical and clay mineral weathering indices are documented from the uppermost Jurassic Owadów–Brzezinki palaeontological site in central Poland. The newly discovered chitinoidellid assemblage of the lowermost part of the section and the previously documented assemblage from the middle part of the section are assigned, respectively, to the uppermost Dobeni and Boneti Subzones of the Chitinoidellidae Zone. The same part of the succession is correlated to the magnetosubzone M20n.2n. The new data allow refinement of the Tithonian stratigraphical scheme including an assignment of the upper part of the Boreal Zarajskites Subzone of the Scythicus (Panderi) ammonite Zone to the Upper Tithonian and its correlation with the lowermost part of Tethyan Microcanthum ammonite Zone and the lower portion of the M20n.2n magnetosubzone. The data show that the Fittoni/Albani ammonite zone boundary should likely be placed within the Boneti Subzone. The geochemical data show decreasing chemical weathering intensity during the earliest Late Tithonian in central Poland, which is linked to aridification of the latest Jurassic climate. The same trend is observed in coeval sections of NW and NE Europe.

Supplementary material:
Additional rock magnetic results, correlation of magnetic proxies with Al. and X-ray diagrams for clay minerals are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6299266
Highly Efficient Traffic Planning for Autonomous Vehicles to Cross Intersections Without a Stop
Authors: Kang Jian , Lin Dan
Published: December 2022

Waiting in a long queue at traffic lights not only wastes valuable time but also pollutes the environment. With the advances in autonomous vehicles and 5G networks, the previous jamming scenarios at intersections may be turned into non-stop weaving traffic flows. Toward this vision, we propose a highly efficient traffic planning system, namely DASHX, which enables connected autonomous vehicles to cross multi-way intersections without a stop. Specifically, DASHX has a comprehensive model to represent intersections and vehicle status. It can constantly process large volumes of vehicle information, resolve scheduling conflicts, and generate optimal travel plans for all vehicles coming toward the intersection in real time. Unlike existing works that are limited to certain types of intersections and lack considerations of practicability, DASHX is universal for any type of 3D intersection and yields the near-maximum throughput while still ensuring riding comfort. To better evaluate the effectiveness of traffic scheduling systems in real-world scenarios, we developed a sophisticated open source 3D traffic simulation platform (DASHX-SIM) that can handle complicated 3D road layouts and simulate vehicles’ networking and decision-making processes. We have conducted extensive experiments, and the experimental results demonstrate the practicality, effectiveness, and efficiency of the DASHX system and the simulator.
Deep Person Generation: A Survey from the Perspective of Face, Pose, and Cloth Synthesis
Authors: Sha Tong , Zhang Wei , Shen Tong , Li Zhoujun , Mei Tao
Published: December 2022

Deep person generation has attracted extensive research attention due to its wide applications in virtual agents, video conferencing, online shopping, and art/movie production. With the advancement of deep learning, visual appearances (face, pose, cloth) of a person image can be easily generated on demand. In this survey, we first summarize the scope of person generation, and then systematically review recent progress and technical trends in identity-preserving deep person generation, covering three major tasks:
talking-head generation
(face),
pose-guided person generation
(pose), and
garment-oriented person generation
(cloth). More than two hundred papers are covered for a thorough overview, and the milestone works are highlighted to witness the major technical breakthrough. Based on these fundamental tasks, many applications are investigated, e.g., virtual fitting, digital human, and generative data augmentation. We hope this survey could shed some light on the future prospects of identity-preserving deep person generation, and provide a helpful foundation for full applications towards the digital human.
Utilizing an α,β-Unsaturated Dicarboxylic Acid for a Defect Initiated Residue Removal During Cu post-Chemical Mechanical Planarization Cleaning
Authors: Dudek Abigail L. , Cahue Kiana A. , Caridi Adam T. , Cahue Tatiana R. , Keleher Jason J.
Published: December 2022

The development of post-Chemical Mechanical Planarization (p-CMP) cleaning processes is critical for the continued miniaturization of Integrated Circuit (IC) and logic device architecture. In order for further extension of Moore’s Law the minimization of critical defects is essential. This work focuses on the development of surface-active cleaning chemistries via the implementation of an α, β-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid additive to create synergy at the liquid-brush-wafer interface. More specifically, the implementation of Itaconic Acid (ItA) will chemically activate an organic residue (i.e., Cu(I)-BTA film) resulting in effective removal at significantly reduced CoF. This work demonstrates that the conjugated structure present in ItA significantly enhances the removal of organic residues at the surface of a Cu substrate without the expense of effective SiO2 removal resulting in little to no p-CMP cleaning induced defectivity.
Communication–Multimodal Image Correlation in Two-Dimensional Materials via Automated Image Processing by Strain and Doping Analysis
Authors: Schmidt Kirby , Trofe Anthony , Ignatova Tetyana
Published: December 2022

It is common to characterize a single sample using multiple different microscopy methods that have variable scales, rotation and translation. Registering hyperspectral images of 2D materials is particularly difficult due to the lack of keypoints on un-patterned substrates. The strain/doping maps can assist by creating these keypoints. Registration of these images allow for multimodal analysis from these various instruments by aligning multiple images into a single coordinate space. This is done by Hough transformations and arbitrary resolution definitions to generate a new coordinate frame where spatial information may be preserved and correlated on a pixel by pixel basis.
Endothelin receptor antagonism improves glucose tolerance and adipose tissue inflammation in an experimental model of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Rivera-Gonzalez Osvaldo , Case Clinton T. , Wilson Natalie A. , Speed Joshua S. , Taylor Erin B.
Published: December 2022

SLE is an autoimmune disease that is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and elevated endothelin-1. The present study demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of endothelin receptors decreased body weight, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue inflammation in a murine model of SLE. The therapeutic potential of endothelin receptor antagonists to treat obesity-related diseases and pathophysiological conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and insulin resistance, has become increasingly clear.
The influence of movement-related costs when searching to act and acting to search
Authors: Moskowitz Joshua B. , Berger Sarah A. , Fooken Jolande , Castelhano Monica S. , Gallivan Jason P. , Flanagan J. Randall
Published: December 2022

Numerous studies have investigated the perceptual and cognitive factors that influence decision making about where to look, or move, in search tasks. However, little is known about how search is influenced by movement-related costs associated with acting on an object once it has been visually located or acting during manual search. In this article, we show that movement time costs can bias visual and manual search and that movement effort costs bias manual search.
Differential behavior of distinct motoneuron pools that innervate the triceps surae
Authors: Cohen Joshua W. , Vieira Taian M. , Ivanova Tanya D. , Garland S. Jayne
Published: December 2022

In this study, we demonstrate that the different subpopulations of motor units within the three muscles comprising the ankle plantarflexors behave differently during multidirectional leaning. Our results suggest that the central nervous system has the capability to control distinct subpopulations of motor units to meet the force requirements necessary for leaning. This may allow for a precise, efficient, and flexible control strategy for the maintenance of standing balance.
Hallermann–Streiff Syndrome and Lower Limb Lymphedema with Nasal Obstruction
Authors: Pereira de Godoy Ana Carolina , Pereira de Godoy Henrique Jose , Pereira de Godoy Jose Maria
Published: December 2022

Background. Hallermann–Streiff syndrome (HSS) is a rare congenital abnormality involving multiple craniofacial malformations, such as micrognathia, prominent frontal and nasal bones, vision defects, and dental anomalies, which can result in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The aim of the present study was to report a case of nasal obstruction in an individual with Hallermann–Streiff syndrome who had never breathed through the nose during treatment for lower limb lymphedema involving cervical lymphatic therapy. Case Report. An 18-year-old female adolescent with a diagnosis of HSS was sent from the genetics service of a teaching school for the treatment of lower limb lymphedema. At around 11 years of age, the patient began to present edema in the left leg, accompanied by broadening of the face and neck. The patient reported having obstructed nostrils and breathing through the mouth her entire life. On the second day of treatment, the patient reported being able to breathe through one of the nostrils, this had never occurred before. Based on this finding, the decision was made to include linear facial lymphatic drainage using the Godoy method, which led to the complete resolution of the nasal obstruction in the first 15 minutes of treatment. Nasal obstruction in children with Hallermann–Streiff syndrome may be caused by lymphedema. Conclusion. A specific lymphatic drainage technique, such as cervical lymphatic therapy and facial linear lymphatic therapy, can resolve the obstruction and maintain the nostrils unblocked for months.
Postabortion Contraceptive Utilization, Preferences, and Associated Factors among Women Receiving Abortion Care Services in Health Facilities of Ambo Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Bontu Aschale , Abdissa Gizachew , Ganfure Gemechu , Mossisa Maru
Published: December 2022

Background. The World Health Organization recommends the use of effective contraception for the prevention of unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion. The main aim of postabortion contraceptive services is to prevent recurrent pregnancy and ultimately mitigate the associated maternal mortality. Objective. To assess postabortion contraceptive utilization (PACU) and postabortion contraceptive preferences (PACP) and the associated factors among women receiving abortion care services in Ambo town, Oromia Region, Western Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the health facilities in Ambo town from 22 July to 24 September 2021. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done to determine the factors associated with postabortion contraceptive utilization and preferences. Results. Out of 388 participants who were included in the final analysis, 262 (67.5%) had utilized postabortion contraceptives of which 173 (66%) received contraceptive methods of their primary preference. The multivariate logistic regression showed that cohabiting couples showed lower utilization (AOR=0.15; 95% CI: 0.06-0.21;pvalue = 0.004) than married ones and planning to have an additional child within 1-3 years (AOR=7.41; 95% CI: 2.18-11.41;pvalue = 0.005) or after 3-5 years (AOR=6.67: 95% CI: 5.12-10.18;pvalue = 0.033) was identified to be significantly associated with postabortion contraceptive utilization. Having a secondary education level (AOR=3.06; 95% CI: 1.54-6.07;pvalue = 0.001) and having experience of domestic violence (AOR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.27-3.81;pvalue = 0.005) were significantly associated with unsatisfied postabortion contraceptive preference. Conclusions and Recommendations. About two-thirds of the women who were given abortion services received postabortion contraceptives whereas almost two-thirds of them received a contraceptive method of their primary preference. Marital status, duration before additional child planned, and being counseled on contraceptive determined postabortion contraceptive utilization. Having a secondary education level and having experienced domestic violence were significantly associated with unsatisfied PACP.