bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of synovial lining cells to synovial vascularization of the rat temporomandibular joint
Authors: Nozawa‐Inoue Kayoko , Harada Fumiko , Magara Jin , Ohazama Atsushi , Maeda Takeyasu
Published: December 2015

The lining layer of the synovial membrane in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) contains two types of lining cells: macrophage‐like type A and fibroblast‐like type B cells. The type B cells are particularly heterogeneous in their morphology and immunoreactivity, so that details of their functions remain unclear. Some of the type B cells exhibit certain resemblances in their ultrastructure to those of an activated capillary pericyte at the initial stage of the angiogenesis. The articular surface, composed of cartilage and the disc in the TMJ, has few vasculatures, whereas the synovial lining layer is richly equipped with blood capillaries to produce the constituent of synovial fluid. The present study investigated at both the light and electron microscopic levels the immunocytochemical characteristics of the synovial lining cells in the adult rat TMJ, focusing on their contribution to the synovial vascularization. It also employed an intravascular perfusion with Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) lectin to identify functional vessels in vivo. Results showed that several type B cells expressed desmin, a muscle‐specific intermediate filament which is known as the earliest protein to appear during myogenesis as well as being a marker for the immature capillary pericyte. These desmin‐positive type B cells showed immunoreactions for vimentin and pericyte markers (neuron‐glial 2; NG2 and PDGFRβ) but not for the other markers of myogenic cells (MyoD and myogenin) or a contractile apparatus (αSMA and caldesmon). Immunoreactivity for RECA‐1, an endothelial marker, was observed in the macrophage‐like type A cells. The arterioles and venules inside the synovial folds extended numerous capillaries with RECA‐1‐positive endothelial cells and desmin‐positive pericytes to distribute densely in the lining layer. The distal portion of these capillaries showing RECA‐1‐immunoreactivity lacked lectin‐staining, indicating a loss of blood‐circulation due to sprouting or termination in the lining layer. The desmin‐positive type B and RECA‐1‐positive type A cells attached to this portion of the capillaries. Some capillaries in the lining layer also expressed ninein, a marker for sprouting endothelial cells, called tip cells. Since an activated pericyte, macrophage and tip cell are known to act together at the forefront of the vessel sprout during angiogenesis, the desmin‐positive type B cell and RECA‐1‐positive type A cell might serve as these angiogenic cells in the synovial lining layer. Tomato lectin perfusion following decalcification would be a highly useful tool for research on the vasculature of the mineralized tissue. Use of this technique combined with immunohistochemistry should permit future extensive investigations on the presence of the physiological angiogenesis and on the function of the lining cells in the synovial membrane.
Comparative study of polyvinylidene fluoride and polypropylene suburethral slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Sabadell Jordi , Larrain Francisco , Gracia‐Perez‐Bonfils Ana , Montero‐Armengol Anabel , Salicrú Sabina , Gil‐Moreno Antonio , Poza Jose L.
Published: December 2015

Aims

Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) transobturator suburethral slings/tapes (TOTs) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, and compare them to polypropylene (PP) slings.

Material and Methods

A retrospective cohort study was performed on women treated with a TOT procedure at Vall d'Hebron Hospital between February 2010 and May 2013. A PVDF sling was used in surgeries on 23 women. A comparison group was randomly selected among all women treated with a PP sling in a 1:4 ratio (n = 92). Failure incidence was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier survival functions and a multivariate Cox regression model.

Results

Both groups were similar in their initial characteristics. The median follow‐up was 24.6 months in the PP group and 21.3 months in the PVDF group. The survival functions showed a higher incidence of failures in the PP group, primarily because of obstructive symptoms. However, the differences were not statistically significant (hazard ratio of failure of PP vs PVDF 4.31; 95% confidence interval 0.56–33.05). Complication rates did not differ between the two groups. More cases of voiding dysfunction were observed in the PP group.

Conclusions

Polyvinylidene fluoride suburethral tapes have been found to have an effectiveness and safety comparable to PP tapes.
Low On‐Treatment Platelet Reactivity Predicts Long‐Term Risk of Bleeding After Elective PCI
Authors: Čolić Mirko D. , Čalija Branko M. , Milosavljević Bratislav M. , Grdinić Aleksandra G. , Angelkov Lazar G. , Sagić Dragan Ž. , Kruzliak Peter , Marinković Jelena M. , Babić Rade M. , Mrdović Igor B.
Published: December 2015

Background

Bleeding after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is an important complication with impact on prognosis.

Aim

To evaluate the predictive value of enhanced platelet responsiveness to dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel, for bleeding, after elective PCI.

Methods and Results

We performed multiple electrode aggregometry (MAE) platelet functional tests induced by arachidonic acid (ASPI) and adenosine‐diphosphate (ADP) before PCI, and 24 hours after PCI, in 481 elective PCI patients who were followed‐up for an average of 15.34 ± 7.19 months. Primary end point was the occurrence of any bleeding, while ischemic major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was a secondary endpoint. The incidence of total, BARC ≤ 2, and BARC ≥ 3 bleeding, according to BARC classification, was 19, 18, and 1%, respectively. Groups with any, and BARC ≤ 2 bleeding, had a lower average value of MAE ADP test after 24 hours, compared to the group without bleeding: 45.30 ± 18.63 U versus 50.99 ± 19.01 U; P = 0.005; and 45.75 ± 18.96 U versus 50.99 ± 18.99 U; P = 0.01; respectively. Female gender (HR 2.11; CI 1.37–3.25; P = 0.001), previous myocardial infarction (HR 0.56; CI 0.37–0.85; P = 0.006), lower body mass (HR 0.78; CI 0.62–0.98; P = 0.03), and MAE ADP test after 24 hours (HR 0.75; CI 0.61–0.93; P = 0.009) were the independent predictors for any bleeding by Cox univariate analysis. After adjustment, MAE ADP test after 24 hours, was the only independent predictor for any (HR 0.7; CI 0.56–0.87; P = 0.002), and BARC ≤ 2 (HR 0.71; CI 0.56–0.89; P = 0.003) bleeding, by Cox multivariate analysis.

Conclusion

MAE ADP test before and after PCI, was associated with any, and BARC ≤ 2 bleeding after elective PCI.
Recurrent and Residual Shunts After Patent Foramen Ovale Closure: Results From a Long‐Term Transcranial Doppler Study
Authors: Cheli Martino , Canepa Marco , Brunelli Claudio , Bezante Gian Paolo , Favorini Serena , Rollando Daniela , Sivori Giorgia , Viani Erica , Finocchi Cinzia , Balbi Manrico
Published: December 2015

Objectives

Assess the evolution of right‐to‐left shunt (RLS) after transcatheter patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure.

Background

Despite the high number of interventional procedures performed worldwide, limited systematic data on the long‐term abolition of RLS after percutaneous closure are available.

Methods

All patients treated at our Institution between February 2001 and July 2009 were included in this single center, prospective study, and were asked to repeat late contrast transcranial Doppler (cTCD). Rate of complete closure, residual RLS (i.e., a shunt that persists after closure), and recurrent RLS (i.e., a shunt that reappears after a previous negative cTCD) was assessed.

Results

Long‐term follow‐up was completed in 120 patients (56% male). RLS was still detectable 4.9 ± 2.3 years (range 1.3–10.3) after the procedure in 55 patients; 20 (17%) had residual RLS and 35 (29%) had recurrent RLS. Multivariate analysis revealed that significant predictors of residual RLS included post‐procedural shunt at transesophageal echocardiography (OR 3.07, 95%CI 0.97–9.7), use of a bigger device (35 vs 25 mm, OR 3.85, 95%CI 1.22–12.2) and length of follow‐up (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.57–0.98), while only length of follow‐up (OR 0.77, 95%CI 0.62–0.95) was associated with recurrent RLS. Neurological recurrences (1 stroke, 6 transient ischemic attacks) were equally distributed between the groups.

Conclusion

A significant number of recurrent and residual shunts may be observed by cTCD up to 5 years after PFO closure. Management of late RLSs includes periodic re‐evaluation, exclusion of device‐induced complications or secondary sources of RLS, and optimization of antithrombotic treatment with or without a second intervention. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:600–608)
The Role of School Design in Shaping Healthy Eating‐Related Attitudes, Practices, and Behaviors Among School Staff
Authors: Frerichs Leah , Brittin Jeri , Intolubbe‐Chmil Loren , Trowbridge Matthew , Sorensen Dina , Huang Terry T.‐K.
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND

Schools have increasing responsibility to address healthy eating, but physical barriers influence their ability to adopt and sustain recommended strategies. We took advantage of a natural experiment to investigate the role of the physical environment in shaping healthy eating attitudes and practices among school staff members.

METHODS

A school district consolidated its elementary schools and incorporated architectural features to support healthy eating into a building renovation. Surveys along with structured, in‐depth interviews were administered prior to and at 12 months postoccupancy. Paired t‐tests and McNemar's tests were used to analyze changes in survey indices and interview data were coded for themes.

RESULTS

The school implemented new policies and programs, including staff wellness activities. There was a significant decrease in the percent of teachers with a high‐fat diet (from 73.68% to 57.14%, p < .05). Many physical barriers were removed but new challenges emerged, and staff varied in their awareness and comfort with using the new healthy eating features.

CONCLUSIONS

We found promising evidence that school architecture can support a school to address healthy eating. To enhance influence of the physical environment, more research is merited to test complementary strategies such as improving ownership of space and increasing self‐efficacy to manage space.
Developing the School Physical Activity and Nutrition Environment Tool to Measure Qualities of the Obesogenic Context
Authors: John Deborah H. , Gunter Katherine , Jackson Jennifer A. , Manore Melinda
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND

Practical tools are needed that reliably measure the complex physical activity (PA) and nutrition environments of elementary schools that influence children's health and learning behaviors for obesity prevention. The School Physical Activity and Nutrition‐Environment Tool (SPAN‐ET) was developed and beta tested in 6 rural Oregon elementary schools.

METHODS

Extension educators were trained to assess elementary school PA and nutrition environments using the SPAN‐ET. Two auditors per school worked with school health stakeholders and collected data via document review, interviews, and direct observations. A reliability analysis using percent agreement and kappa statistics was performed to determine consistency between independent auditors. Content analyses of qualitative data were used to triangulate intercoder ratings, verify evidence, and improve reliability.

RESULTS

Across the 6 schools, for all 182 measured criteria (PA = 103; nutrition = 79), the percent agreement ranged from 80.8% to 96.8% and kappa from 0.61% to 0.94.

CONCLUSION

The SPAN‐ET was a reliable instrument for assessing the quality of elementary school PA and nutrition environments, and a sensitive measure for objectively identifying specific attributes of SPAN‐ET areas of interest to target for school environmental and policy improvements aimed at supporting students' obesity preventing behaviors.
Photosynthetic pigments of oceanic Chlorophyta belonging to prasinophytes clade VII
Authors: Lopes dos Santos Adriana , Gourvil Priscillia , Rodríguez Francisco , Garrido José Luis , Vaulot Daniel
Published: December 2015

The ecological importance and diversity of pico/nanoplanktonic algae remains poorly studied in marine waters, in part because many are tiny and without distinctive morphological features. Amongst green algae, Mamiellophyceae such as Micromonas or Bathycoccus are dominant in coastal waters while prasinophytes clade VII, yet not formerly described, appear to be major players in open oceanic waters. The pigment composition of 14 strains representative of different subclades of clade VII was analyzed using a method that improves the separation of loroxanthin and neoxanthin. All the prasinophytes clade VII analyzed here showed a pigment composition similar to that previously reported for RCC287 corresponding to pigment group prasino‐2A. However, we detected in addition astaxanthin for which it is the first report in prasinophytes. Among the strains analyzed, the pigment signature is qualitatively similar within subclades A and B. By contrast, RCC3402 from subclade C (Picocystis) lacks loroxanthin, astaxanthin, and antheraxanthin but contains alloxanthin, diatoxanthin, and monadoxanthin that are usually found in diatoms or cryptophytes. For subclades A and B, loroxanthin was lowest at highest light irradiance suggesting a light‐harvesting role of this pigment in clade VII as in Tetraselmis.
Molecular correlates of fat mass expansion in C57BL/6J mice after short‐term exposure to dietary fat
Authors: Anunciado‐Koza Rea P. , Manuel Justin , Koza Robert A.
Published: December 2015

Heterogeneity of obesity within a population of inbred mice fed an obesogenic high‐fat diet (HFD) is associated with changes of gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). One gene in particular with large variations among mice, mesoderm‐specific transcript (Mest), has been shown to be highly inducible after being fed a short‐term HFD, and its expression in WAT before HFD feeding is predictive for susceptibility to the development of obesity. To gain further insight into the association of Mest with rapid changes in body composition, 96 individually housed C57BL/6J mice were fed an HFD for only 2 weeks, resulting in a 12‐fold and 90‐fold variation in Mest mRNA in visceral epididymal and subcutaneous inguinal WAT, respectively. WAT Mest mRNA was positively associated with interindividual variation of fat mass. Surprisingly, there was only a slight association of WAT Mest with food intake when normalized by body weight or lean mass. In addition, WAT Mest expression coincided highly with the expression of the transcription factor Kruppel‐like factor 14 (Klf14), an imprinted gene that regulates lipid metabolism in WAT. Our data suggest that KLF14 transcriptional activity may partially mediate, or act in concert with, MEST as part of an epigenetic mechanism that promotes fat mass accumulation in mice fed an obesogenic diet.
Sulfur amino acids and atherosclerosis: a role for excess dietary methionine
Authors: Selhub Jacob , Troen Aron M.
Published: December 2015

The homocysteine theory of arteriosclerosis received credence when it was shown that after a methionine load, circulating homocysteine–cysteine concentrations were higher in cardiovascular disease patients than in healthy controls. Subsequent studies showing associations between homocysteine and coronary artery disease, stroke and cognitive impairment, relied on small increases in homocysteine concentration unlike the very high homocysteine seen in the rare genetic disorders that lead to homocystinuria and much higher homocysteine levels. Subsequent studies in cell culture, animals, and humans showed that a variety of cardiovascular adverse effects of “high homocysteine” introduced either as a nonphysiological bolus or as a methionine load led to high homocysteine. We fed apolipoprotein E–deficient mice diets designed to achieve three conditions: (1) high methionine intake with normal blood homocysteine, (2) high methionine intake with B vitamin deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia, and (3) normal methionine intake with both B vitamin deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia. We found that the mice fed methionine‐rich diets had significant atheromatous pathology in the aortic arch even with normal plasma homocysteine levels. Mice fed B vitamin–deficient diets developed severe hyperhomocysteinemia but without any increase in vascular pathology. Our findings suggest that even moderate increases in methionine intake are atherogenic in susceptible mice while high plasma homocysteine is not.
Reduced growth hormone signaling and methionine restriction: interventions that improve metabolic health and extend life span
Authors: Brown‐Borg Holly M.
Published: December 2015

Interventions that improve health are often associated with longevity. Reduced growth hormone signaling has been shown to increase life span in mice by over 50%. Similarly, reductions in dietary intake of methionine, in rats and mice, result in life‐span extension. Many factors affect metabolic health, mitochondrial function, and resistance to stressors, each of which influence aging and life span. This paper presents a comparison of these two interventions, as well as the results of a study combining these interventions, to understand potential mechanisms underlying their effectiveness in enhancing healthy aging.
Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling Elicited by a Quadripolar Lead: Results from the Multicenter Per4mer Study
Authors: ZIACCHI MATTEO , SAPORITO DAVIDE , ZARDINI MARCO , LUZI MARIO , QUARTIERI FABIO , MORGAGNI GIANLUIGI , DE MARIA ELIA , BERTINI MATTEO , CARINCI VALERIA , BORIANI GIUSEPPE , BIFFI MAURO
Published: December 2015

Background

To understand the impact of a quadripolar left ventricular (LV) lead on reverse remodeling and phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) in congestive heart failure patients treated by cardiac resynchronization therapy at 8‐month follow‐up (FU).

Methods

One hundred and fifty‐eight patients received an LV Medtronic Performa lead (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) and were reevaluated at FU by echocardiography and measurement of electrical parameters.

Results

A targeted LV lead placement was achieved in 140 (89%) patients. Super responders and responders were 76 (50%) and 26 (18%), respectively, at FU; seven (4%) died and 13 (8%) were hospitalized for any cause. Nonischemic etiology was the only independent predictor of reverse remodeling. The configurations available only with the Performa leads reduced PNS occurrence at 8 V@0.4 ms from 43 (27%) to 14 (9%) of patients at implantation, and from 44 (28%) to 19 (12%) at last FU, compared to configurations available with bipolar leads. Patients with detectable PNS had >10/16 pacing configurations with a PNS safety margin >2 V both at implantation and at FU. During FU 16 (10%) patients had an adverse event possibly related to the lead or to modification of the underlying heart disease but 99% of these events were fixed by reprogramming of the pacing vector.

Conclusions

Performa Lead enables an increased capability to achieve a targeted lead positioning in the broad clinical scenario of large‐ and small‐volume implanting centers, with a relevant impact on the occurrence of reverse remodeling compared to literature data. The enhanced management of PNS resulted in a dislodgement rate of only 1%.
Assessment of Myocardial Contractility by SonR Sensor in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: SACCHI STEFANIA , PERINI ALESSANDRO PAOLETTI , ATTANÀ PAOLA , GRIFONI GINO , CHIOSTRI MARCO , RICCIARDI GIUSEPPE , PIERAGNOLI PAOLO , PADELETTI LUIGI
Published: December 2015

Background

SonR sensor signal correlates well with myocardial contractility expressed in terms of left ventricular (LV) dP/dt max. The aim of our study was to evaluate the changes in myocardial contractility during isometric effort in heart failure patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with right atrial SonR sensor.

Methods

Thirty‐one patients (19 men, 65 ± 7 years, LV ejection fraction [LVEF] 28% ± 5%, in sinus rhythm) were implanted with a CRT‐defibrillator (CRT‐D) device equipped with SonR sensor, which was programmed in VVI mode at 40 beats/min. Twenty‐four hours after implantation, each patient underwent a noninvasive hemodynamic evaluation at rest and during isometric effort, including: (1) measurement of beat‐to‐beat endocavitary SonR signal; (2) echocardiographic assessment; and (3) continuous measurement of blood pressure with Nexfin method (BMEYE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). The following contractility parameters were considered: (1) mean value of beat‐to‐beat SonR signal; (2) mean value of LV dP/dt by Nexfin system; and (3) fractional shortening (FS) by echocardiography.

Results

At the third minute of the isometric effort, mean value of SonR signal significantly increased from baseline (P < 0.001). Similarly, mean value of both LV dP/dt by Nexfin and FS significantly increased compared to the resting condition (P < 0.001; P < 0.001). While in 27 (88%) patients SonR signal increased at the third minute of the isometric effort, in four (12%) patients SonR signal decreased. In these patients, both LV dP/dt by Nexfin and FS consensually decreased.

Conclusions

In CRT patients, SonR sensor is able to detect changes in myocardial contractility in a consensual way like noninvasive methods such as Nexfin system and echocardiography.
Development of breeding populations from interspecific hybrids between Trifolium repens L. and T. occidentale Coombe
Authors: Hussain Syed Wajid , Verry Isabelle Marjorie , Williams Warren Mervyn
Published: December 2015

Trifolium occidentale is a diploid wild relative of T. repens (white clover) with adaptation to dry, saline coastal habitats. Transfer of drought and salt‐tolerant adaptive traits to white clover could be potentially valuable if interspecific hybridization can be achieved efficiently and leads to fertile hybrid populations. To achieve hybridization, 4x plants of T. occidentale were generated. Efficient techniques for generation of 4x plants and their identification using dry pollen shape are described. Interspecific 4x F1 plants were achieved without embryo rescue. F2 populations and first backcross hybrids to white clover were also efficiently achieved. Although male and female fertility were lower than in white clover, they were adequate to produce large amounts of seed from small numbers of inflorescences. Thus, early generation interspecific hybrid prebreeding populations can be readily developed, opening the way for transfer of traits from T. occidentale to white clover.
Pillowcase Baby: A Laser Teaching Tool for Dermatology Residents
Authors: Jeon Hana , Grossberg Anna L , Cohen Bernard
Published: December 2015

Laser therapy is an important treatment modality in pediatric dermatology, and its efficacy relies on the provider's proper use of the laser device. We describe a simple yet effective teaching tool that can be used to train dermatology residents prior to their using lasers on actual patients.
Countering Staphylococcus Overgrowth During Patch Testing in Children with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Admani Shehla , Matiz Catalina , Jacob Sharon E.
Published: December 2015

Background

Patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) often have a concurrent diagnosis of contact dermatitis, but patch testing in these patients presents a unique set of challenges. Barrier impairment and Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection, along with the sealed occlusion that takes place during the patch testing procedure, can create an optimal environment for bacterial overgrowth.

Aims

To identify patients at risk for S. aureus overgrowth during patch testing and provide pre‐ and peripatch testing interventions to aid clinicians in obtaining the best possible patch test results in this complicated population.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective review was performed of five patients with moderate to severe AD for which S. aureus overgrowth and superinfection complicated patch test evaluation.

Results

All five patients were able to complete the patch test procedure and all had relevant positive patch test reactions. Complications during patch testing included erythema, oozing, foul odor under the patches, and purulent material at the patch sites. One patient had a culture performed during patch testing that showed methicillin‐sensitive S. aureus.

Discussion

Patch testing can play an important role in the examination and management of patients with refractory AD.

Conclusions

Moderate to severe AD and concern regarding S. aureus overgrowth should not preclude patch testing.
A Case of Psoriasis Replaced by Allergic Contact Dermatitis in a 12‐Year‐Old Boy
Authors: Brown Margaret E. , Browning John C.
Published: December 2015

Allergic contact dermatitis is a significant clinical problem in children and one that the use of essential oils and natural remedies probably exacerbates. We report a case of chronic plaque psoriasis replaced by allergic contact dermatitis in a 12‐year‐old boy. We suspect that the immunologic response to a hapten in lavender oil disrupted the pathogenesis of psoriasis, causing the psoriasis to temporarily “disappear.”
Lithium Battery Diaper Ulceration
Authors: Maridet Claire , Taïeb Alain
Published: December 2015

We report a case of lithium battery diaper ulceration in a 16‐month‐old girl. Gastrointestinal and ear, nose, and throat lesions after lithium battery ingestion have been reported, but skin involvement has not been reported to our knowledge.
Stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia with pulmonary and cerebral mucormycosis
Authors: Suzuki Daisuke , Kobayashi Ryoji , Hori Daiki , Kishimoto Kenji , Sano Hirozumi , Yasuda Kazue , Kobayashi Kunihiko
Published: December 2015

Background

Mucormycosis is one of the most refractory invasive fungal infections and often causes fatal infection in immunocompromised patients, such as those with severe diabetes mellitus and hematologic malignancies.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of stem cell transplantation for a pediatric patient with refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who developed mucormycosis.

Results

An 8‐year‐old boy with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received chemotherapy, but relapsed 3 months after discontinuation of treatment. Subsequent chemotherapy was ineffective, and then, while in non‐complete remission, he developed pulmonary and cerebral mucormycosis. On gene analysis the fungus was identified as Lichtheimia ramosa. Cord blood transplantation was conducted in combination with high‐dose liposomal amphotericin B therapy. He successfully achieved complete remission without progression of mucormycosis.

Conclusions

Stem cell transplantation could reduce the mortality of patients with hematologic disease who develop mucormycosis.
Acute Ultraviolet Radiation Perturbs Epithelialization but not the Biomechanical Strength of Full‐thickness Cutaneous Wounds
Authors: Danielsen Patricia L. , Lerche Catharina M. , Wulf Hans Christian , Jorgensen Lars N. , Liedberg Ann‐Sofie H. , Hansson Christer , Ågren Magnus S.
Published: December 2015

We hypothesized that priming of the skin with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) before being injured would enhance wound healing. Four groups, each comprising 20 immunocompetent hairless mice, were exposed to simulated solar irradiation in escalating UVR doses; 0 standard erythema dose (SED) = control, 1 SED, 3 SED and 5 SED. Twenty‐four hours after UV irradiation, inflammation was quantified by skin reflectance (erythema) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) tissue levels, and two 6 mm full‐thickness excisional wounds and one 3 cm incisional wound were inflicted. Epidermal hyperplasia was assessed by quantitative histology. Five days after wounding, wound coverage by neoepithelium and wound width of the excisional wounds was quantified in hematoxylin–eosin sections, and breaking strength was measured in strips from incisional wounds. Erythema (P < 0.001), MPO levels (P < 0.0005) and epidermal cell layers (P < 0.001) increased dose‐dependently by UV exposure of dorsal skin. In the excisional wounds, epithelial coverage decreased (P = 0.024) by increasing the UVR dose, whereas there was no significant difference (P = 0.765) in wound MPO levels. Neither wound width (P = 0.850) nor breaking strength (P = 0.320) differed among the groups. Solar‐simulated UVR 24 h before wounding impaired epithelialization but was not detrimental for surgical incisional wound healing.
Forged Under the Sun: Life and Art of Extremophiles from Andean Lakes
Authors: Albarracín Virginia Helena , Gärtner Wolfgang , Farias María Eugenia
Published: December 2015

High‐altitude Andean lakes (HAAL) are a treasure chest for microbiological research in South America. Their indigenous microbial communities are exposed to extremely high UV irradiation and to multiple chemical extremes (Arsenic, high salt content, alkalinity). Microbes are found both, free‐living or associated into microbial mats with different degrees of mineralization and lithification, including unique modern stromatolites located at 3570 m above sea level. Characterization of these polyextremophilic microbes began only recently, employing morphological and phylogenetic methods as well as high‐throughput sequencing and proteomics approach. Aside from providing a general overview on microbial communities, special attention is given to various survival strategies; HAAL's microbes present a complex system of shared genetic and physiological mechanisms (UV‐resistome) based on UV photoreceptors and stress sensors with their corresponding response regulators, UV avoidance and protection strategies, damage tolerance and UV damage repair. Molecular information will be provided for what is, so far the most studied HAAL molecule, a CPD‐Class I photolyase from Acinetobacter Ver3 (Laguna Verde, 4400 m). This work further proposes some strategies that make an appeal for the preservation of HAAL, a highly fragile environment that offers promising and ample research possibilities.
Leer con guantes: ‬‬‬‬‬ Espectáculos pasionales en "El Cojo Ilustrado‬"
Authors: Bouzaglo Nathalie
Published: December 2015

El Cojo Ilustrado puede ser considerado uno de los proyectos editoriales más importantes de la modernidad y el modernismo en América Latina. La revista se funda en la idea de privilegiar la imagen sobre el texto, incluso haciendo posible que no haya correlación alguna entre ambos. Propongo que la excelente calidad de las imágenes es tan novedosa y preponderante que impone un tipo de modernidad pretenciosa aunque poco arriesgada, por un lado; y, por el otro, embellece, distrae y contribuye a la creación de un espacio completamente experimental que le permite a los escritores y colaboradores la posibilidad de ensayar contenidos no siempre domesticados y que pasan totalmente desapercibidos de la supervisión editorial. La escisión entre imagen y texto crea un espacio incongruente, ilegible si se quiere, que además pone en crisis el plan letrado y educativo sustentado por una revista familiar. De esto modo, se presenta un espacio que voy a llamar adulterado en cuanto reta la representación de cualquier idea fija que pretenda construirse como verdad única, como moral absoluta y en donde se ensayan las patologías sexuales más discutidas de la época como el masoquismo, el fetichismo y el exhibicionismo.
Posthegemonía y postsubalternidad: Desencuentros del latinoamericanismo frente a la “marea rosada”
Authors: Acosta Santiago
Published: December 2015

Este artículo establece un diálogo entre la teoría posthegemónica desarrollada por Jon Beasley-Murray y el postsubalternismo de John Beverley. Se estudia cómo se piensan en estas formulaciones el papel del estado, la vigencia de la nación y, finalmente, el lugar de los reclamos identitarios, territoriales y de representación política de los movimientos sociales latinoamericanos, cada vez más integrados a la estructura del estado en los gobiernos de la llamada marea rosada. No se pierde de vista la especificidad del fenómeno venezolano, puesto que en determinados momentos parece funcionar como un caso límite para ambas articulaciones teóricas. 
Vanguardia y violencia en el Cono Sur: Bolaño relee a Arlt
Authors: Castañeda Luis H.
Published: December 2015

Este artículo discute la intersección entre vanguardismo y violencia en las obras de Roberto Arlt (El juguete rabioso, Los siete locos/Los lanzallamas) y Roberto Bolaño (Estrella distante). Se empieza por inscribir a Arlt en un vanguardismo caracterizado por la naturaleza violenta y criminal de la fusión vanguardista del arte y la vida. A continuación se analiza, en la novela de Bolaño, la recontextualización neovanguardista y la evaluación ética del vanguardismo arltiano. El artículo concluye afirmando la persistencia, matizada por la autoconciencia crítica, de un “vanguardismo de la violencia” en la literatura del Cono Sur.

 
Theories of mechanically induced tissue differentiation and adaptation in the musculoskeletal system
Authors: Suárez Daniel R.
Published: December 2015

It is well known that the mechanical environment affects biological tissues. The importance of theories and models that aim at explaining the role of the mechanical stimuli in process such as differentiation and adaptation of tissues is highlighted because if those theories can explain the tissue’s response to mechanical loading and to its environment, it becomes possible to predict the consequences of mechanical stimuli on growth, adaptation and ageing of tissues. This review aims to present an overview of the various theories and models on tissue differentiation and adaptation of tissues and their mathematical implementation.
Although current models are numerically well defined and are able to resemble the tissue differentiation and adaptation processes, they are limited by (1) the fact that some of their input parameters are likely to be site- and species-dependent, and (2) their verification is done by data that may make the model results redundant. However, some theories do have predictive power despite the limitations of generalization. It seems to be a matter of time until new experiments and models appear with predictive power and where rigorous verification can be performed.
Índice y cultura digital: paradojas tecno-creativas
Authors: Vázquez Márquez Israel
Published: December 2015

El presente artículo ofrece una discusión teórica sobre el concepto semiótico de índice (en su doble categoría de índice-indicio e índice-designador) y las transformaciones a las que se ha visto sometido con la llegada de la era digital. Para ilustrar estas transformaciones analizamos algunos ejemplos procedentes del mundo del cine, la música y los mundos virtuales 3D, investigando los cambios, mutaciones y paradojas indiciales que es posible encontrar en ellos.
Modos de relación sintiente: Bocetos hacia una perspectiva del performance como ruta metodológica para la indagación de subjetividades
Authors: Castillo Ballén Sonia
Published: December 2015

Desde una práctica creativa reflexionada, el texto

presenta una crítica sobre la condición política del

sentir y esboza el performance como camino para

interrogar los modos de relación sintiente hegemónicos

aprendidos y poco reflexionados desde las

artes.
La fotografía de Kingo Nonaka: su capacidad tecnológica-contradiscursiva en la (re)construcción del yo. Tijuana y su “leyenda blanca”.
Authors: Beltrán Cortez Josué
Published: December 2015

Tijuana es una ciudad que se encuentra inmersa, de manera histórica, en una disputa donde está por definirse el relato imaginario que debe representar de forma ideal a ésta ciudad y a la sociedad que la conforma. La disputa existente entre los dos grandes relatos denominados bajo los preceptos tanto de Leyenda Negra, como de Leyenda Blanca. En este trabajo, el primero es considerado como el metarrelato de Tijuana; y el segundo como el contradiscurso al primero. Sin embargo, en el proceso de construcción de la Leyenda Blanca, hecha esta en base a juicios de valor, los Tijuanenses pretenden se convierta en su verdadera historia. Encontramos que las características de su contradiscurso son similares a las de la Leyenda Negra, siendo también un discurso descalificador y estigmatizante, puesto que como contradiscurso busca la eliminación ideológica e imaginaria de su otredad histórica. La paradoja es que los Tijuanenses han decidido cimentar su versión de la historia en la fotografía en vez de la historiografía. En esta análisis la fotografía es tratada como la tecnología de la Leyenda Blanca, cuyo último fin es la reconstitución discursiva del yo Tijuanense.
Lenguaje, tweets y pantallas. Entre escrituras y visualidades
Authors: Roncallo Dow Sergio , Mazorra Correa Diego Armando
Published: December 2015

El propósito de este artículo es pensar la forma en la que se reconfiguran los modos escriturales en medio de los nuevos ecosistemas mediáticos. Partimos de una revisión del concepto de juego de lenguaje propuesto por Wittgenstein para, posteriormente, evidenciar el modo en el que Benjamin re-articula la idea de la escrituralidad y, desde allí, abordar el fenómeno de las posibilidades múltiples de la escritura en medio de un ecosistema particular como Twitter. En la parte final del texto se explora el modo en el que se desestabiliza la aparente solidez de lo escritural y se abre el camino para pensar en nuevas  posibilidades semióticas.
EL PAPEL DE LAS INSTITUCIONES CULTURAES EN EL PROCESO DE GENTRIFICACIÓN DEL BARRIO LA CANDELARIA DE BOGOTÁ: UN STUDIO DE CASO.
Authors: Leyva Nicolas
Published: December 2015

Con este escrito busco enmarcar al Espacio Odeón dentro del proceso de gentrificación vigente en la localidad de La Candelaria, Bogotá, por medio de una selección crítica de bibliografía y su implementación al análisis reflexivo del caso concreto. Primero estableceré un marco teórico para el fenómeno urbano de la gentrificación, un concepto de origen anglosajón que necesita de ciertas reinterpretaciones al momento de usarlo para pensar las ciudades Latino Americanas. Segundo, enmarcaré a La Candelaria como espacio urbano sujeto a ese fenómeno y, en concreto, a la forma en que las estrategias de patrimonialización y monumentalización han operado allí como detonantes. Tercero, trazaré la tendencia internacional de los centros de arte contemporáneo por reciclar edificios deteriorados en zonas de gentrificación y como actores protagónicos del cambio, e interpretando desde esa óptica el caso del Espacio Odeón. Todo para intentar demostrar el papel que juegan las instituciones culturales como agentes catalizadores de la gentrificación de sus zonas por su funcionar como espacios leales al servicio de la alta cultura y de la ideología que ella representa.
Agroindustria azucarera y finca tradicional en el norte plano del Cauca (Colombia). Perspectivas históricas y claves etnográficas
Authors: Jaramillo Marín Jefferson , Londoño Ortiz Natalia , Sánchez González Gina
Published: December 2015

El artículo reflexiona en clave histórica y etnográfica sobre algunas fricciones y articulaciones entre agroindustria azucarera y finca tradicional en el norte plano del departamento del Cauca desde mediados del siglo xx hasta hoy. La perspectiva histórica permite rastrear la consolidación del modelo agroindustrial
azucarero en la zona. La lectura etnográfica describe, desde las narrativas de los pobladores, algunos de los conflictos socioambientales que este modelo genera en la finca tradicional. Ambas claves revelan cómo ciertos recursos y
naturalezas son gobernados e intervenidos por múltiples actores y lógicas. El artículo es un resultado parcial del trabajo de campo desarrollado en algunas veredas de los municipios de Villa Rica y Padilla, entre junio y agosto de
2013, y abril y julio de 2014. También es producto de la revisión de literatura especializada sobre conflictividad socioambiental desde el enfoque de la ecología política.
Espacialidad de la provincia de Tunja en el siglo xix: representaciones políticas y geográficas
Authors: Vega Torres Daniel Roberto
Published: December 2015

Este artículo contextualiza de manera espacial a la provincia de Tunja a mediados del siglo xix. se busca presentar mediante la configuración política y geográfica un proceso de construcción histórica de la provincia. se analiza un espacio concebido de dominio territorial mediante la cartografía regional, un espacio percibido desde los discursos académicos de la geografía universal, y, por último, un espacio vivido desde experiencias socioculturales. Estos tipos de representación de la espacialidad ofrecen un grado de comprensión particular de Tunja dentro del contexto neogranadino.
Comunicaciones cuidadosas: generando pro-comunes.
Authors: Olarte Sierra María Fernanda
Published: December 2015

La Canasta –una red agroecológica- es un asunto solidario y colaborativo que conecta, a través de un equipo organizador, productores locales agroecológicos de baja escala con consumidores de Bogotá. Con respecto a los productores, apoya procesos de asociación para los campesinos y campesinas involucradas y así estimula el intercambio de conocimientos y la recuperación de semillas, técnicas y cultivos de la región, además de posibilitar una comercialización más justa, en términos de precios, de los diferentes productos, dejando siempre margen para el autoconsumo. Con respecto a quienes consumen, La Canasta favorece procesos de reflexividad y compromiso sobre consumo consciente, comprometido y solidario. Ese proceso construye vínculos vitales para ambas partes.
Esos vínculos vitales se materializan, entre otros, en unas comunicaciones escritas (ver anexo) que el equipo base de La Canasta sostiene con los consumidores de forma semanal. En este artículo, y apoyándome en la teoría feminista del cuidado aplicada a los Estudios Sociales de Ciencia y Tecnología, argumento que La Canasta cuida y en ese cuidado contribuye a mantener pro- comunes (o bienes comunes) de varias índoles como por ejemplo el patrimonio gastronómico de una porción del territorio colombiano.
No hay cuerpo sin imagen. Visualidad gay y política virtual en tiempos liberales
Authors: Cabello Valenzuela Cristeva Alexis
Published: December 2015

Este análisis semiótico-visual revisa la publicidad política virtual de representantes de la ciudadanía gay durante el primer gobierno de derecha del Chile post-dictadura. Deteniéndose en distintos códigos de dispositivos audiovisuales este artículo reconoce la construcción simbólica y visual a través de la cual se presenta una ciudadanía homosexual en redes sociales. Interesa reconocer cómo las estrategias audiovisuales políticas han facilitado un ingreso receptivo de “lo homosexual” en la política neoliberal chilena. Se describe la producción de sentido que otorga legitimidad y no rechazo a la representación del nuevo ciudadano gay y qué imágenes audiovisuales realizan esta validación de lo homosexual. Finalmente se realiza una crítica a los discursos políticos de la tolerancia y la igualdad que resguardan la construcción de narrativas políticas  a favor de la diversidad sexual bajo consignas comunicacionales liberales.
A relação entre raça e educação na obra de Gilberto Freyre
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: December 2015

Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) fue uno de los más importantes pensadores sociales de Brasil, cuyo legado ha sido revisado constantemente. En este trabajo me dirijo a un aspecto poco explorado de su obra que se refiere a la relación entre la educación y la raza. Señalo en este texto que más allá del ‘mito de la democracia racial’, Freyre reconoce las barreras y desigualdades existentes en la sociedad brasileña, tanto es así que incluso se afirma que los títulos se convierten en verdaderas ‘cartas de blancura sociológicas’, reconociendo no solo la profunda brecha existente entre blancos, negros y mulatos en Brasil, sino que llama la atención sobre la dinámica creada con el proceso gradual de escolaridad-escolarización. Analizo cómo el trabajo de Freyre presenta esta relación entre la movilidad social de los negros y mulatos y la educación. Llevo esto a cabo utilizando como sustrato principalmente los autores que han producido conocimiento en el campo del pensamiento social brasileño.
Varones peruanos en Argentina y trayectorias laborales en costura. Masculinidades, roles de género y organización del trabajo en contextos migratorios
Authors: Magliano María José
Published: December 2015

Con base en los hallazgos de una investigación cualitativa con mujeres y varones peruanos en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, este artículo indaga sobre la articulación entre las masculinidades heterosexuales migrantes y el mundo del trabajo, en particular los talleres textiles, examinando el impacto que puede tener la migración en las marcas que configuran las feminidades y masculinidades en contextos de precariedad laboral. A partir del estudio de caso de una familia de migrantes costureros, este trabajo reflexiona acerca de las experiencias laborales en relación con las prácticas y sentidos de la identidad masculina y con las resistencias que despliegan los varones frente a la feminización de su actividad. Para ello, recupera trayectorias laborales en costura en el país de origen (Perú) y destino (Argentina), reconociendo la existencia de mercados de trabajo que, en ciertas ocupaciones, se encuentran conectados a partir de la existencia de redes laborales étnico-nacionales.
Enfoques para una historia de la Filosofía Cristiana en América Latina SS. XVIII a XX
Authors: Domínguez Miranda Manuel
Published: December 2015

El presente texto corresponde a la Lectio Inauguralis del primer semestre académico de 1988 en nuestra Facultad. Su objetivo es mostrar, desde supuestos teóricos conscientemente asumidos y mediante realizaciones concretas, unas líneas de investigación que pueden hacer inteligible el proceso seguido en Latinoamérica por la filosofía de inspiración explícitamente cristiana. Se busca, ante todo, sacar a la luz lo que está teórica y vitalmente en juego en cada uno de los momentos más significativos de ese proceso. Se destacan también, a modo de ejemplos ilustrativos, algunas figuras filosóficas. 

Tras unas breves reflexiones que intentan precisar el significado de los términos “Filosofía Cristiana en Latinoamérica”, se expone el desarrollo de esta filosofía desde el S. XVIII hasta el momento presente. 

El texto conserva su forma original, sin citas y sin subtítulos. Solo se ha añadido una bibliografía sumaria. 
LA AFECTACIÓN DE LA MARCA DE TABACO POR LAS MEDIDAS DE EMPAQUETADO GENÉRICO
Authors: Martínez-Salcedo Juan Carlos , Vargas Chaves Iván
Published: December 2015

Las marcas son signos distintivos cuya función principal es identificar un producto o servicio en el mercado, lo que, aunado a las demás funciones que le son atribuidas, configura el derecho intangible asignado en exclusiva a su titular. El alcance de la protección marcaria ha sido limitado por algunos Estados, al acoger ciertas restricciones al ius utendi de las marcas vinculadas a los productos de tabaco, por recomendación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, OMS, con el propósito de reducir su consumo. Por tanto, nos proponemos abordar las implicaciones jurídicas de estas medidas y la posible afectación de los atributos marcarios, así como también, de su legalidad frente al acuerdo Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionados con el Comercio, ADPIC.
LA CONTRATACIÓN PROACTIVA DENTRO DE LAS NUEVAS VISIONES DEL CONTRATO
Authors: Bernal Fandiño Mariana
Published: December 2015

Este artículo es producto del proyecto de investigación Debates contemporáneos alrededor del negocio jurídico. Con este texto, se pretende revisar algunas de las discusiones más relevantes acerca del contrato y su funcionalidad en la sociedad actual a partir de visiones diferentes, como el análisis económico del derecho, el solidarismo, los contratos relacionales y la contratación sostenible, entre otras. Se analiza el movimiento de la contratación proactiva, en general y en particular, se estudia un caso de la regulación de comunicaciones en Colombia como manifestación de esta propuesta. Se propone que la aplicación de la contratación proactiva cambia el paradigma de la contratación tradicional para dar respuesta a las inquietudes planteadas.