bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divisively normalized neuronal processing of uncertain visual feedback for visuomotor learning
Authors: Makino Yuto , Hayashi Takuji , Nozaki Daichi
Published: December 2023

When encountering a visual error during a reaching movement, the motor system improves the motor command for the subsequent trial. This improvement is impaired by visual error uncertainty, which is considered evidence that the motor system optimally estimates the error. However, how such statistical computation is accomplished remains unclear. Here, we propose an alternative scheme implemented with a divisive normalization (DN): the responses of neuronal elements are normalized by the summed activity of the population. This scheme assumes that when an uncertain visual error is provided by multiple cursors, the motor system processes the error conveyed by each cursor and integrates the information using DN. The DN model reproduced the patterns of learning response to 1-3 cursor errors and the impairment of learning response with visual error uncertainty. This study provides a new perspective on how the motor system updates motor commands according to uncertain visual error information.
Microbes control Drosophila germline stem cell increase and egg maturation through hormonal pathways
Authors: Suyama Ritsuko , Cetraro Nicolas , Yew Joanne Y. , Kai Toshie
Published: December 2023

Reproduction is highly dependent on environmental and physiological factors including nutrition, mating stimuli and microbes. Among these factors, microbes facilitate vital functions for host animals such as nutritional intake, metabolic regulation, and enhancing fertility under poor nutrition conditions. However, detailed molecular mechanisms by which microbes control germline maturation, leading to reproduction, remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that environmental microbes exert a beneficial effect on Drosophila oogenesis by promoting germline stem cell (GSC) proliferation and subsequent egg maturation via acceleration of ovarian cell division and suppression of apoptosis. Moreover, insulin-related signaling is not required; rather, the ecdysone pathway is necessary for microbe-induced increase of GSCs and promotion of egg maturation, while juvenile hormone contributes only to increasing GSC numbers, suggesting that hormonal pathways are activated at different stages of oogenesis. Our findings reveal that environmental microbes can enhance host reproductivity by modulating host hormone release and promoting oogenesis.
Selectable diffusion direction with topologically protected edge modes
Authors: Funayama Keita , Hirotani Jun , Miura Atsushi , Tanaka Hiroya
Published: December 2023

Topological insulators provide great potential to control diffusion phenomena as well as waves. In addition to the thermal localization and robust decay as reported, the topological edge states with higher degree of freedom offers a route to control directional diffusion. Here, we show that the direction of thermal diffusion can be selected by the contributions of the topologically protected edge modes in a honeycomb-shaped structure. Considering the thermal diffusion between the nearest neighboring sites of the honeycomb-shaped unit cells, the cells allow unidirectional heat balance from a macroscopic perspective when we set the structure to the temperature corresponding to the edge mode type. Moreover, this diffusion system is found to be immune to defects owing to the robustness of topological states. Our work points to exciting avenues for controlling diffusion phenomena.
Synthesizing 2h/e2 resistance plateau at the first Landau level confined in a quantum point contact
Authors: Fauzi Mohammad Hamzah , Nakagawara Keita , Hashimoto Katsushi , Shibata Naokazu , Hirayama Yoshiro
Published: December 2023

A comprehensive understanding of quantum Hall edge transmission, especially a hole-conjugate of a Laughlin state such as a 2/3 state, is critical for advancing fundamental quantum Hall physics and enhancing the design of quantum Hall edge interferometry. In this study, we show a robust intermediate 2h/e2 resistance quantization in a quantum point contact (QPC) when the bulk is set at the fractional filling 2/3 quantum Hall state. Our results suggest the occurrence of two equilibration processes. First, the co-propagating 1/3 edges moving along a soft QPC arm confining potential fully equilibrate and act as a single 2/3 edge mode. Second, the 2/3 edge mode is further equilibrated with an integer 1 edge mode formed in the QPC. The complete mixing between them results in a diagonal resistance value quantized at 2h/e2. Similar processes occur for a bulk filling 5/3, leading to an intermediate (2/3)h/e2 resistance quantization. This finding highlights the importance of understanding the equilibration mechanisms that occur between different edge modes, offering insights into the processes of edge equilibration.
Pyridylpiperazine efflux pump inhibitor boosts in vivo antibiotic efficacy against K. pneumoniae
Authors: Vieira Da Cruz Anais , Jiménez-Castellanos Juan-Carlos , Börnsen Clara , Van Maele Laurye , Compagne Nina , Pradel Elizabeth , Müller Reinke T , Meurillon Virginie , Soulard Daphnée , Piveteau Catherine , Biela Alexandre , Dumont Julie , Leroux Florence , Deprez Benoit , Willand Nicolas , Pos Klaas M , Frangakis Achilleas S , Hartkoorn Ruben C , Flipo Marion
Published: December 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem, rendering conventional treatments less effective and requiring innovative strategies to combat this growing threat. The tripartite AcrAB-TolC efflux pump is the dominant constitutive system by which Enterobacterales like Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae extrude antibiotics. Here, we describe the medicinal chemistry development and drug-like properties of BDM91288, a pyridylpiperazine-based AcrB efflux pump inhibitor. In vitro evaluation of BDM91288 confirmed it to potentiate the activity of a panel of antibiotics against K. pneumoniae as well as revert clinically relevant antibiotic resistance mediated by acrAB-tolC overexpression. Using cryo-EM, BDM91288 binding to the transmembrane region of K. pneumoniae AcrB was confirmed, further validating the mechanism of action of this inhibitor. Finally, proof of concept studies demonstrated that oral administration of BDM91288 significantly potentiated the in vivo efficacy of levofloxacin treatment in a murine model of K. pneumoniae lung infection.
Green Supercapacitors in Portable and Wearable Electronics
Authors: Mohanty Ritik , Nashim Amtul , Parida Kulamani
Published: December 2023

Due to the miniaturization of electronic devices, considerable effort has been applied to progress high-performance, wearable, and portable energy storage devices for driving integrated active devices like electrical sensors, flexible displays, and health monitoring systems. Recently, progress in flexible and wearable supercapacitors has increased owing to their ease of fabrication, low cost, flexible integration into textiles, stable cycle life, quick charging–discharging, high efficiency, and capability to provide superb energy and power density. In particular, wearable, and portable electrochemical supercapacitors having their unique advantages involving flexibility, shape-conformability, and low weight, are attracting ever-increasing attention to meet the requirement for wearable and portable electronic devices in modern energy storage markets. Using green supercapacitor technology, we can design green energy storage devices in wearable/portable electronics to tackle the global energy problem to build a sustainable and green society. In this chapter, we will summarize the recent advances of wearable and portable supercapacitor devices by discussing their performance and adopted strategies to improve the electrochemical performance. Lastly, associated challenges, and future outlooks in optimizing and developing green supercapacitor-based multifunctional wearable and portable energy storage devices for their practical applications regarding flexibility and sustainability are addressed.
A Holistic Treatise on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) Tools for Green Supercapacitors
Authors: Sharma H. , Pathak A. D. , Mohanty S. , Chatterjee K. , Kekarjawlekar P. , Viswesh P. , Nazir A. , Sahu K. K.
Published: December 2023

Rapidly finding an environmentally friendly solution to store and use renewable energy to address environmental issues like global warming is the main aim of contemporary energy research. Electrochemical energy storage technologies, such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, and rechargeable and flow batteries, have recently gained much attention. Supercapacitors possess notable advantages such as higher capacitance, fast charging, high power densities, and long cycle life over common capacitors and batteries. The performance-related properties, such as cyclic stability or specific capacity of these supercapacitors made from environmentally sustainable green materials, mainly depend on their intrinsic features, such as types of electrolytes, electrode materials, additives, and working conditions. The prediction and optimization of these parameters with existing atomistic approaches are highly nontrivial. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms can be utilized to find a correlation between these inherent features and supercapacitor performances. AI and ML find applications in various areas, including design and optimization, degradation process analysis, failure detection, prediction, and the correlation between macroscale performance, and micro/nanoscale material attributes of these green supercapacitor systems. In this chapter, we present a thorough analysis of recent developments and applications of AI and ML along with computational tools in building green supercapacitors for energy storage.
New Developments in Low-carbon Supercapacitors for Emerging Applications: A Critical Review
Authors: Nazir A. , Kasbe A. , Sharma H. , Motevalian S. , Mohanty S. , Sahu K. K.
Published: December 2023

Despite offering huge potential, the current commercial usage of supercapacitors has critical shortcomings in essential electrochemical performance metrics. Also, there are concerns in terms of safety, sustainability, economics, and environmental issues. The performance of a supercapacitor can be largely influenced by appropriate materials design and synthesis protocol for electrodes and electrolytes. Green and sustainable supercapacitor electrodes based on biomass have attracted much attention in developing high-power and energy-dense applications due to their abundance in nature, biodegradability, renewability, negligible toxicity, etc. Metal and metal oxide (RuO2, TiO2, MnO2, NiO, Fe3O4, Co3O4, and V2O5) composites may turn out to be very interesting candidate materials for electrodes and are covered in detail. However, the metal nitrides, sulfides, and carbide-based composites should not be ignored since they also offer some other benefits. Electrolytes play a pivotal role in supercapacitors. Therefore, water-in-salt, aqueous, nonaqueous, solid-state/quasisolid-state, and redox-active electrolytes are discussed at length. Binders as well as conductive materials are also adequately covered. The use cases of green supercapacitors in emerging applications such as automotive, renewable energy, medical, and electrical/electronic appliances are discussed. We conclude by outlining the future perspectives of the usages of supercapacitors in the pursuit of sustainable development of modern civilization.
Prediction of transition metal carbonitride monolayers MN4C6 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) made up of a benzene ring and a planar MN4 moiety
Authors: Liu Tong , Liu Bingxin , Gao Miao , Yan Xun-Wang , Ma Fengjie
Published: December 2023

A class of graphene-like transition metal carbonitride monolayers composed of two common basic moieties, a benzene ring and MN4, are predicted.
The role of self-diffusiophoresis and reactive force during the propulsion of manganese-based catalytic micromotors
Authors: Kichatov Boris , Korshunov Alexey , Sudakov Vladimir , Golubkov Alexandr , Smovzh Dmitriy , Sakhapov Salavat , Skirda Mikhail
Published: December 2023

When manganese-based catalytic micromotors move, gas bubbles are not responsible for their movement.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of Al3+ ion-suppressed phase-separation structures in rare-earth-doped high-phosphorus silica glasses
Authors: Dong He-He , Ren Jin-Jun , Chen Ying-Gang , Wang Fan , Chen Dan-Ping , Deng Lu , Shao Chong-Yun , Wang Shi-Kai , Yu Chun-Lei , Hu Li-Li
Published: December 2023

Through advanced topological engineering, the cross-linking in phase-separated network chains was finely tuned to synthesize high-phosphorus silica-based glasses co-doped with erbium and ytterbium, resulting in exceptional uniformity and improved spectral performance.
Hydrogel-based dressings designed to facilitate wound healing
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Lulu , Cheng Hui , Zhu Jing , Li Xinyi , Ye Sheng , Li Xiaojing
Published: December 2023

This review provides an overview of the functionalities of hydrogel-based dressings and their role in promoting wound healing.
Synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 using an electric field in a gelled medium
Authors: Német Norbert , Holló Gábor , Valletti Nadia , Farkas Szabolcs , Dúzs Brigitta , Kukovecz Ákos , Schuszter Gábor , Szalai István , Rossi Federico , Lagzi István
Published: December 2023

A direct electric field can be used to control the synthesis of the metal–organic framework in a gelled medium. The average size and dispersity of the crystals can be directed by the electric field strength.
Simultaneous enzyme grafting on bio-inspired scaffolds for antibacterial protection
Authors: Arbez Baptiste , Retourney Chloé , Quilès Fabienne , Francius Gregory , Fierobe Henri-Pierre , El-Kirat-Chatel Sofiane
Published: December 2023

Surface bacterial contamination represents a crucial health and industrial concern which requires new strategies to be continuously developed.
Enhanced piezoelectricity and spectral absorption in Nd-doped bismuth titanate hierarchical microspheres for efficient piezo-photocatalytic H2 production and pollutant degradation
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zhang Yan , Xu Qianqian , Gong Hanyu , Yan Mingyang , Feng Kaiyu , Zhou Xiang , Zhou Xuefan , Zhang Dou
Published: December 2023

Experiments and calculations reveal the key role of Nd in piezoelectric property enhancement and bandgap reduction, which unveil piezo-photocatalysis mechanisms.
High-performance ternary NiFeCo-LDH nanosheets for supercapacitors by cation modulation and sodium dodecyl sulfonate intercalation
Authors: Li Xiaoming , Yang Juan , Chen Junfeng , Sun Junwei , Liu Junpeng , Cui Xiping , Zou Linchi
Published: December 2023

A new high-performance ternary LDH supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical performance is fabricated by using cation modulation and sodium dodecyl sulfonate intercalation.
A hierarchical metafabric with dynamically thermochromic property for subambient daytime radiative cooling
Authors: Zhang Rong , Li Renzhi , Xu Peng , Xiang Bo
Published: December 2023

A novel dynamically hierarchical metafabric is reported that integrates temperature-adaptive thermochromic and moisture-wicking functionalities into a passive radiative cooling system.
Orofacial Pain and Risk of Dysphagia in Women With Fibromyalgia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: del Carmen Villaverde-Rodríguez María , Correa-Rodríguez María , Casas-Barragán Antonio , Tapia-Haro Rosa María , Aguilar-Ferrándiz María Encarnación
Published: December 2023

Objective:

This study aims to analyze the frequency of dysphagia risk and swallowing-associated quality of life (QoL) in a sample of women with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and examine the potential relationship between risk of dysphagia and chronic orofacial pain (COP) in a sample of women with FMS.

Method:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 46 women with FMS. COP was assessed by mouth opening, the orofacial visual analog scale (VAS), and the craniofacial pain and disability inventory (CF-PDI). Risk of dysphagia was assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and the volume–viscosity swallowing test (V-VST). Swallowing-associated QoL was determined using the Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire.

Results:

Thirty patients were identified as being at risk for dysphagia (65.21%) using the EAT-10 and, according to the SWAL-QOL, 41.30% of patients had alterations in QoL associated with swallowing. The EAT-10 correlated positively with orofacial VAS, CF-PDI-total, CF-PDI-pain and disability, and CF-PDI-jaw-functional status. In relation to SWAL-QOL, negative correlations were observed for orofacial VAS, CF-PDI-total, CF-PDI-pain and disability, and CF-PDI-jaw-functional status. Patients at risk of dysphagia (EAT-10 and V-VST) had significantly higher scores in orofacial VAS (
p
= .002 and
p
= .015), CF-PDI-total (
p
= .006 and
p
= .014), and CF-PDI-pain and disability (
p
= .004 and
p
= .013).

Conclusions:

In this sample of women with FMS, we identified a high rate of dysphagia risk. Also, a high percentage of these women presented alterations in QoL associated with swallowing. Patients at risk for dysphagia had significantly higher orofacial VAS and CF-PDI-total scores, supporting the relationship between dysphagia risk and COP in FMS. Further research to establish the need for appropriate assessment referrals in clinical practice to determine whether dysphagia is present in this population is needed.
Who Helps Children With Communication Disorders Access Sex Education? Practice Patterns of Speech-Language Pathologists and Psychologists
Authors: Wolford Laura L. , Jansen Kate L.
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

Children with communication disorders are often systematically excluded from sex education curricula. They may also have difficulty accessing the curricula because of the materials' linguistic and pragmatic complexity. Even curricula written for children with intellectual disabilities do not typically include considerations for communication disorders. This places them at risk for sexually transmitted infections, sexual health misinformation, and sexual assault. Yet, it is unclear which professionals are assisting children with communication disorders to access sex education.

Method:

North American speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and clinical psychologists (
N
= 112) completed a survey that asked about their practice patterns in helping children access sex education, as well as their beliefs about the importance of sex education, how disabilities affect sex education, perceived barriers, and their self-efficacy and role in addressing sex education.

Results:

Although SLPs and clinical psychologists believed that communication disorders could affect sex education and consent and felt they had some responsibility for helping their clients in accessing sex education, they did not regularly assist their clients in this area. Both groups of clinicians were divided in their views of their own roles and responsibility. SLPs were especially polarized; every question about their role in addressing sex education included SLPs who fully agreed and some who fully disagreed with the statement.

Conclusions:

Children with communication disorders do not consistently receive assistance accessing sex education curricula from either SLPs or clinical psychologists. Clinicians need education to support them addressing sex education and clear guidance about their roles in this area.
Impacts of seawater level and human activities on Yeh Gangga Beach’s coastal area at Tabanan Town
Authors: Rajendra Anom , Wiryawan I. Wayan , Mudra I. Ketut
Published: December 2023

The coastal environment of Bali has undergone significant changes due to rising seawater levels and human activities associated with tourism. As a result, public beach areas have become narrower, which has marginalized public interest and religious activities, particularly in coastal tourist resorts. To address this issue, this research focuses on Yeh Gangga's coastal area in Tabanan Regency, which is a crucial ritual site for the Tabanan Town Community, a traditional fisherman's territory, and a location of conflicts of interest among parties in the use of the beach. Empirical studies in the field, including observation, institutional data, and theories, were conducted to gather data. From the results of in-depth interviews conducted by a number of residents, they said that erosion has been going on for a long time and it is estimated that 20-50 meters of the coast towards the mainland has become the sea. Hence, the main objective of this research is to provide factual evidence of the decreasing public coastal areas as public spaces in Yeh Gangga Beach and to suggest that the local authorities build an organization body for integrated coastal zone management. The findings of this research will benefit academic purposes, urban planners, and local authorities.
Analysis of economic and social vulnerability to disaster risk in Tawangmangu and Kejajar Districts
Authors: Rahayu Lusia Advenia Dwi , Suryanto
Published: December 2023

Climate change is a major concern. Climate change causes changes in the seasons and hydrological systems. Landslides are one of the most common hydrometeorological disasters in Indonesia. This study identifies indicators of economic and social vulnerability to the risk of landslides in the Tawangmangu and Kejajar sub-districts. The method used is scoring and weighting of each economic indicator namely the Gross Domestic Regional Product at Current Prices (PDRB ADHB) of the sub-district and the number of poor people, as well as social indicators used, including population growth rate, sex ratio, population density data, the number of children at risk, the number of elderly at risk which are analyzed using the SoVI index referring to the Regulation of the National Disaster Management Agency No. 2 Year 2012 and research conducted by Sulma, 2012 to determine the vulnerability of the two sub-districts to landslides. Tawangmangu and Kejajar sub-districts are classified as areas with moderate vulnerability, so the economic and social conditions of the Kejajar sub-district are more vulnerable to the risk of landslides. If a region has a high SoVI index due to landslides, it can affect agricultural productivity because landslides affect agricultural land. The government can use disaster studies as a basis for determining broader regional policies and accelerating regional economic recovery through the improvement of economic facilities and infrastructure in disaster-prone production sectors.
Understanding Photovoltaic Module Degradation: An Overview of Critical Factors, Models, and Reliability Enhancement Methods
Authors: Diallo Saliou , Melhaoui Fatim Zahra , Rafi Mohamed , Elassoudi Abdellatif
Published: December 2023

Photovoltaic (PV) modules, though reputed for reliability and long lifespans of 25-30 years, commonly experience gradual performance degradation influenced by varying environmental factors. This literature review explores the degradation of PV modules through in-depth analysis of failure modes, characterization techniques, analytical models, and mitigation strategies. A range of failure modes seen in PV modules are discussed, including interconnect breakage, cell cracks, metallization corrosion, delamination, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) discoloration, Potential-Induced Degradation (PID), Light-Induced Degradation (LID), and other. Environmental stresses like temperature, humidity, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and dust accumulation play significant roles in accelerating almost all degradation modes. Dust is a crucial factor in Middle East/North Africa (MENA) regions. Studying degradation modes under real-world conditions remains challenging, requiring extensive field testing to examine defect frequency, evolution rate, and impacts on energy production. PID is a major degradation mode requiring modeling and correction techniques to improve PV efficiency and lifespan. However, PID models are often limited to specific conditions, posing applicability challenges. Characterization methods like visual inspection, current-voltage (I-V),various imaging methods, and resonance ultrasonic vibrations (RUV) enable effective evaluation of degradation effects on module properties. Analytical models facilitate study of particular degradation modes and prediction of lifetimes under diverse conditions. Key factors influencing PV degradation include weather variations, materials quality, design parameters, PID, and hot spots. Protective coatings, encapsulation improvements, and module cleaning help mitigate degradation and prolong lifespan. A comprehensive understanding of mechanisms through integrated experimentation and modeling is critical for performance improvements. By reviewing major degradation phenomena, characterization techniques, analytical models, and mitigation strategies, this study promotes PV durability and sustainability. Significant knowledge gaps persist regarding module behavior under varied climate conditions and synergistic effects between different degradation mechanisms. Extensive field testing across diverse environments paired with advanced multiphysics modeling can provide valuable insights to guide technological enhancements for robust, long-lasting PV systems worldwide.
Building thermal comfort improving by using PCM and super insulators: Thermal and economic studies
Authors: Mourid Amina , El Alami Mustapha , Kheiri Abdelhamid , Saadani Rachid , Rahmoune Miloud
Published: December 2023

The climate of the northern region of Morocco is Mediterranean, while the southern one is arid-type. They are both characterized by significant solar radiation during nearly eight months of the year, and as a result, direct and indirect solar energy contribute mainly to human discomfort in residential buildings. In this study, passive techniques such Phase Change Material (PCM) and super insulators (Aerogel and Vacuum Insulated Panels (VIP)) are used and analyzed to improve thermal comfort in the building. The resulting thermal behavior was studied using dynamic simulations and an experimental investigation of two test cavities located in the city of Casablanca. The potential energy savings to reach human comfort conditions were evaluated for a real scale cubicle. The comparison is performed with the active solution (air conditioning with classical local building wall composition), and the economic performances of these materials are evaluated by the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate Return (IRR). Special emphasis is given to the bulling roof. The optimum insulation thicknesses and payback periods were determined in the present study over 20 years. The results showed that PCM, VIP, and Aerogel could provide respectively as much as 94 %, 76.51%, and 73.61% economic benefit during the cooling period and 59.3 %, 46.56%, and 44 % during the heating period than the case of the roof without insulation.
Evaluation of Wind Energy Utilisation and Analysis of Turbines in the Fes Meknes Region, Kingdom of Morocco
Authors: El Kihel Badr , El Kadri Elyamani Nacer Eddine , Chillali Abdelhakim
Published: December 2023

This article explores the feasibility of using wind energy to generate electricity in four sites distributed across different geographical provinces of the Kingdom of Morocco (Fes, El Hajeb, Ifrane, Taounate). The objective is to provide accurate scientific information to facilitate decision-making regarding optimal investments in wind technology for electricity production. The data used in this study are sourced from the Windographer software database, which catalogues locations in Morocco. It includes average wind speeds measured per hour at a height of 10 meters for 43 years, extrapolated to different sizes. The sites are selected based on their wind potential for various energy applications. The wind turbine is suitable for the viable site in terms of grid integration and is determined based on the estimation of their capacity factor. One of the study's key findings reveals that the studied sites have limited wind resources and are not viable for grid integration, except for the province of Fes. This information could serve as a basis for developing a renewable energy policy to expand wind energy in Morocco.
Analyzing Morocco’s Electricity Consumption Changes with an LMDI Decomposition Model: A Global and Sectoral Perspective
Authors: Haouraji Charifa , Oubnaki Hasnaa , Mounir Ilham , Mounir Badia
Published: December 2023

Over the past decade, Morocco has experienced a surge in electricity demand, driven by economic growth and population expansion. This study aims to delve into the factors influencing electricity consumption in Morocco from 2000 to 2020, examining both the overall national trends and sector-specific dynamics. Indeed, we employ the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) to assess changes in electricity consumption, considering various components like electricity's share, energy intensity, economic structure, economic activity, and population. At the national level, our findings indicate that economic growth has been the primary driver, contributing 66.22% to the total change in electricity consumption, followed by electricity's share effect (39.15%), population scale (29.44%), and the sectorial structure effect (10.85%). Conversely, energy intensity exhibited a declining trend, acting as a restraining factor. Among the analysed sectors, we observed distinct patterns that exhibited some degree of variation. While the agricultural, transport, and residential sectors were primarily affected by the production-per-capita effect, the industrial and commercial sectors were mainly influenced by the intensity effect. The results mentioned above highlight the significance of recent efforts to improve energy efficiency within the Moroccan economy. They also emphasize the necessity of further developing these strategies and introducing novel approaches to rationalize electricity consumption.
Incineration Plant Integration for Waste Management; A case of Nairobi City, Kenya
Authors: Mkabane Cynthia , Rop K.V.
Published: December 2023

Population of the Nairobi city stands at approximately 5.119 million, with each individual generating about 0.65 kgs of garbage per day. It is approximated that the production will be 3,990 tons every day by the year 2030. This has led to the need for waste management programs and policies to handle the growing challenge. The Nairobi City County Solid Waste Management Bill of 2015 outlines procedures for collection and disposal of wastes, but there have been challenges in effective collection and treatment of these wastes. Also, with the growth in population in the city, there is a need to look for new energy ventures to handle the growing load. This work therefore proposes the adoption of biogas plant for energy generation through incineration of wastes collected within the city. Analysis showed that 3327.35 ton/day of wastes can produce approximately 11 KWh of energy that can be fed to the national grid or used to lit up the city.
Flexural analysis of I-section beams functionally graded materials
Authors: Elhaddad Asmae , Hilali Youssef , Mesmoudi Said , Bourihane Oussama
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to present the flexural behavior of thin functionally graded (FG) I-beams. The characteristics of metal-ceramic materials are defined using a power-law function dependent on volume fraction. The bending-torsion equations for this problem are derived based on Vlasov's theory for thin-walled beams and the principle of minimum total potential energy. All geometric properties are expressed according to the functional graded power index law. A nonlinear algebraic system is obtained, and the deflection of the structure is numerically derived. To confirm the precision and effectiveness of the suggested method, a standard benchmark test case is implemented, that concerns the flexural analysis of an FGM I-section beam according to power index and aspect ratio parameters.
A Machine Learning Approach to Identify Optimal Cultivation Practices for Sustainable apple Production in Precision Agriculture in Morocco
Authors: Ed-Daoudi Rachid , Alaoui Altaf , Ettaki Badia , Zerouaoui Jamal
Published: December 2023

Precision agriculture techniques have been increasingly adopted worldwide to optimize cultivation practices and achieve sustainable crop production. In this study, we developed a Machine Learning approach to identify optimal cultivation practices for sustainable apple production in precision agriculture in the Msemrir town Morocco. We collected a dataset of cultivation practices and apple yield and size data from 10 farms in the town and used correlation-based feature selection and three Machine Learning algorithms (Linear Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest) to develop predictive models. The results showed that irrigation, fertilization, and pruning are the most important cultivation practices for apple production in the region, and the Random Forest model performed the best in predicting apple yield and size based on the selected practices. The use of Machine Learning techniques can help farmers optimize cultivation practices and achieve sustainable apple production by reducing inputs such as water and fertilizer and minimizing environmental impact. Moreover, the use of precision agriculture techniques can help farmers meet consumer demand for sustainable and high-quality apple products.
Feedback Linearization technique for Speed and Torque control of Switched Reluctance Machine
Authors: Oubouaddi Hafid , Brouri Adil , Ouannou Abdelmalek , Bouklata Ali , El Mansouri Fatima Ezzahra
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes a feedback linearization controller design for torque ripple minimization and speed controller in switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive systems. A dynamic model system of equations in SRM is used to develop the proposed controller. The control strategy is formed by two loops. The first loop aims to control the machine's speed and generate the torque reference. In addition, the other loop is used to control the current to minimize torque ripple and the error between the desired speed and true speed. In order to validate our proposed control strategy, we used the MATLAB-Simulink toolbox. The proposed controller is being evaluated and compared to a conventional PI regulator to showcase its superior performance and advantages. Finally, the obtained results validate the proposed controller's robustness and efficiency in variable speed and load.
Performance Analysis of Three MPPT Controls Under Partial Shading: P&O, PSO and ANN
Authors: Atillah Mohamed Amine , Stitou Hicham , Boudaoud Abdelghani , Aqil Mounaim
Published: December 2023

Photovoltaic energy has gained an important place among renewable energies. Given its weather-dependent efficiency, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques are essential to maximize the energy extracted from the panels.

Partial shading is a phenomenon that degrades the efficiency of photovoltaic panels, by distorting the power vs. voltage curve, which consequently has several peaks, one of which is a global maximum.

The aim of this work is to evaluate the ability of MPPT methods to find the global maximum power point in partial shading conditions. To achieve this, the work focuses on simulating and discussing the performance of three MPPT methods, the Perturb and Observe (P&O) command, a command based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), and a command based on artificial neural networks (ANN).

By comparing the results of simulations of the three controllers under different partial conditions, we can see that the P&O controller loses accuracy in partially shaded conditions, while the PSO controller is more accurate but with a very slow response time, and lastly, the ANN-based controller offers the best precision and speed performance.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in the Agri-Food Industry: A comprehensive review
Authors: Babakhouya Ayoub , Naji Abdelwahab , Daaif Abdelaziz , Hnini Abdelhalim
Published: December 2023

Agriculture plays a crucial role in our existence by supplying food, raw materials, and employment opportunities. In Morocco, it serves as the backbone of the economy, employing 40% of the workforce and contributing approximately 13% to the country's GDP [1]. IoT (Internet of things) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), as well as other advanced computing technologies, have long been used in the agri-food industry. The primary focus of this paper is to assess the diverse utilization of Artificial Intelligence in agriculture, specifically in tasks like irrigation, weeding, and spraying. These applications employ sensors and integrated systems in robots and drones, effectively reducing water and chemical usage, preserving soil fertility, optimizing labor, and enhancing productivity and quality. The research identifies the most common AI strategies used in the industry. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of significant trends and provided researchers and practitioners with valuable insights for future research endeavors in addition to challenges hindering AgriTech applications in Moroccan farms.
Theoretical investigations on the electronic and optical properties of Na-doped CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite
Authors: Moulaoui Lhouceine , Najim Abdelhafid , Laassouli Abdelmounaim , Archi Marouane , Bakour Anass , Lachtioui Youssef , Rahmani Khalid , Bajjou Omar , Manaut Bouzid
Published: December 2023

The development of important materials for photovoltaic applications is rapidly advancing, particularly in the field of perovskite materials. This study investigates the optical and electronic characteristics of CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3 and analyzes the influence of doping in perovskite CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3 with different concentrations of sodium ions Na+. In this study, we employed Density Functional Theory to assess the optical and electronic properties of both pure and Na+ ion-doped CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3, with Na+ concentrations of 12.5 %, 25 %, and 37.5 %. The bandgap energy of pure CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3 rises from 1.205 eV to 1.573 eV as the concentration of Na+ ions increases from 0 % to 37.5 %, respectively. Doping with Na+ ions leads to an increase in the absorption coefficient of pristine CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3 perovskite in both UV and visible ranges. Doping likewise affects the density of states, dielectric function, and the refractive index of CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3 material. These findings offer vital insights into modulating the electronic and optical characteristics of CH 3 NH 3 Pb I3 through Na+ ion doping.
Hydrogen Production and Applications: A review
Authors: Marghani Assia , Chater El Ayachi , Bouganssa Issam , Sefiani Nasser , Elakkary Ahmed , Lahlouh Ilyas
Published: December 2023

A hydrogen fuel cell car, known as a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV), is essentially an electric vehicle that primarily relies on a fuel cell to generate energy. It also includes a secondary role for a battery within the powertrain. This technological configuration operates through four main scenarios, with the primary energy source being Hydrogen from onboard tanks, which powers the vehicle through the fuel cell and its associated components. Here's a breakdown of how it functions: Hydrogen enters the anode and interacts with a catalyst that separates hydrogen atoms, releasing electrons and protons. A conductive current collector connected to the vehicle's high-voltage circuitry collects these electrons. This electricity can charge the battery and/or drive the motors responsible for propelling the wheels. Fuel cells come in various types, characterized by the type of electrolyte they use, such as the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), and Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC). While all these fuel cell types can generate electricity, their efficiency can range from 30% to 60%. Although hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have shown promise, their adoption is still in its early stages due to challenges related to infrastructure, costs, and ongoing technological advancements. Our current research focuses on hydrogen production from renewable sources and its application in fuel cells to provide the required electrical power for electric vehicle propulsion. We aim to improve energy efficiency over a specified cycle and present a comprehensive analysis of our findings.
Microstructure, macro-, and nano-hardness assessment of AISI 302 steel aged at 1000°C
Authors: Ben Lenda Omar , El Hamzi Sara , Hafdi Houyem , Zerrouk Latifa , Saad El Madani
Published: December 2023

Changes in the microstructure of the AISI 302 steel must be analyzed in order to optimize its mechanical performance. In this paper, we studied the thermal aging behavior of the AISI 302 steel. The aging treatments of the steel were carried out at a fixed temperature of 1000°C and for durations between 0 and 6000 minutes. A metallographic microscope was used to see changes in the AISI 302 steel microstructure. In addition, the steel was mechanically characterized using the nano-indentation technique and macro-hardness tests. At the temperature investigated, the aging time increase caused a microstructure composed of large austenitic grains and a small area of grain boundaries per unit volume. For the mechanical characterization, the nano-indentation responses also showed a decrease in the nano-hardness and plasticity of the austenite as the aging time increased. The steel macro-hardness decreased significantly by incrementing the aging time.
Design and Development of an Autonomous Raspberry PI Cleaning Robot For Photovoltaic Panels
Authors: Sallem Amin , Aloui Mohamed Ali , Souifi Eya , Benhala Bachir , Masmoudi Nouri
Published: December 2023

This article presents a solution for the cleaning of solar panels using an autonomous robot based on a rail system and designed for highly inclined panels greater than 30 degrees. The accumulation of dirt and dust on solar panels can significantly reduce their performance. Therefore, the choice of designing this rail-based cleaning robot is based on the topographical nature in Tunisia, as well as other North Africa countries. Indeed, the photovoltaic panels inclination are typically between 20 to 35 degrees, unlike in Europe where the inclination varies between 10 to 20 degrees. Additionally, the climate in North African countries is characterized by significant temperature, humidity and dust which necessitates the use of pure water in the cleaning process. The robot is equipped with a rotating brush positioned on a mobile carriage that moves along the rails and move laterally across the panels allowing a thorough cleaning of the solar panel surfaces. We provide a detailed discussion of the robot's design, its movement mechanism, and how it optimizes solar energy production while contributing to environmental sustainability.
Revision of the genera of Heligmonellidae (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea), parasitic in Muridae from New Guinea
Authors: Durette-Desset Marie-Claude , Digiani María Celina
Published: December 2023

Up to now, 24 genera of Nematoda belonging to the Nippostrongylinae (Heligmonellidae) have been reported from New Guinean murid rodents. Nine of these genera have been reviewed in previous works. In the present work, another 11 genera are re-examined on morphological characters mainly corresponding to the synlophe and to a lesser degree to the bursa. This re-examination leads us to recognize three valid genera: Melomystrongylus, Pogonomystrongylus and Nugininema. The remaining genera appear to us insufficiently described or seem to involve more than one taxon; we consider them genera inquirenda. These are: Mawsonema, Montistrongylus, Parvinema, Missimstrongylus, Flannerystrongylus, Helgenema and Paramelomystrongylus. The genus Rodentanema does not belong to the Nippostrongylinae but to the Herpetostrongylidae (Heligmosomoidea). In addition to the three genera recognized herein, nine other genera of Nippostrongylinae are present in New Guinea: Equilophos, Hasanuddinia, Hasegawanema, Hughjonestrongylus, Lesleyella, Macrostrongylus, Nippostrongylus, Parasabanema and Sanduanensis. Several species attributed to the genera Bunomystrongylus, Chisholmia, Odilia and Sabanema are insufficiently described and their generic assignment could not be rectified or ratified. Consequently, the presence of these latter genera in New Guinean rodents remains unconfirmed, until more complete descriptions or illustrations are provided.
Psychiatrie : la psychanalyse en contrebande ?
Authors: Chemla Patrick
Published: December 2023

Dans ce texte l’intime intrication entre Psychanalyse et Psychiatrie est envisagée au travers d’un parcours marqué par l’exil vécu paradoxalement comme ouverture à l’altérité. Depuis l’anti- psychiatrie avec le collectif Gardes Fous jusqu’à la rencontre avec la psychothérapie institutionnelle, un chemin se trace avec la psychanalyse et mes tentatives successives de transformation de la pratique psychiatrique. Le transfert et les résistances constituent le fil conducteur d’une traversée qui m’aura amené depuis les années 80 à la construction d’une institution le centre Antonin Artaud, lieu d’hospitalité pour la folie. Il s’agit d’aller à la rencontre du délirant dans sa singularité pour reconstruire un monde habitable. La mise en acte de l’inconscient se joue au travers de créations collectives avec les patients, mettant au travail l’aporie entre l’enjeu démocratique et celui du transfert. Manière de faire passer la psychanalyse en contrebande…
Identification with Buddhism among young Chinese Indonesians: multicultural dynamics and generational transitions
Authors: Xie Jingyi , Ma Siyu
Published: December 2023

Amidst the diverse cultural and religious tapestry of Indonesia, Buddhism holds a prominent position as a major faith. Within the context of multiculturalism and generational shifts, this study explores the evolving identification of young Chinese Indonesians with Buddhism. This research addresses the existing knowledge gap by investigating the intricate interplay of historical, cultural, and religious elements that help shape young Chinese Indonesians’ identification with Buddhism. By conducting a thorough analysis of quantitative data gathered from young Chinese Indonesians through a survey, this study investigates six dimensions of identification with Buddhism. This examination considers variables such as age, family background, and regional disparities. Furthermore, to obtain deeper insights and support the quantitative findings, the researchers conducted semistructured interviews to gather qualitative data. The findings reveal the characteristics of young Chinese Indonesians’ identification with Buddhism. First, there are significant variations in identification levels across regions, with relatively lower levels in Java and higher levels in other archipelagos. Personal factors, such as parents’ occupations, also influence individuals’ degree of identification with Buddhism. Second, today’s Chinese Indonesian youth maintain their identification with Buddhism through family ties despite overall intergenerational decline. The participants also show a keen interest in modern religious symbols, dissemination methods, and content. Third, the Buddhist identity of Chinese Indonesian youth transcends traditional values and cultural content, reflecting characteristics of multiculturalism and cultural blending. They not only appreciate various aspects of local culture but also incorporate Buddhist values and symbols into the mainstream of globally shared culture, creating a more extensive and modern collective cultural identity. Unveiling the factors that shape Buddhist identification among Chinese Indonesian youths has implications for fostering intercultural and intergenerational cohesion. The insights derived from this research can contribute to the design of effective strategies aimed at advancing the broader goal of cultural harmony and social unity in Indonesia.