bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Implications of Unveiling Cultural Hegemony Portrayed in a Pre-Intermediate Textbook For EFL Learning and Teaching
Authors: Caro Romero Diana Andrea , Caro Romero Héctor Javier
Published: August 2021

Cultural hegemony is understood as the practice of promoting and imposing a culture. Usually the culture imposed is from a politically powerful nation over a subordinate one (Fairclough, 2003). We became interested in understanding the discourse found within EFL textbooks that could be promoting cultural hegemony. Using these textbooks could have profound implications on language learning and teaching. This is not just a matter of using American or British English in an EFL textbook; rather, it is necessary to understand the intentions of the authors of these books. It could be that the purpose is to promote one culture, possibly their own culture, as the best one or the one to follow.
Who am I?
Authors: - Daniela
Published: August 2021

I still have problems answering that question. One day, I read that we have many “selves” inside us. When I think about it, I notice that I have so many paths, so many different thoughts, so many ways to see life that I get kind of confused. I am not saying that I am a liar or that I have problems regarding my personality. Rather, when I reflect about myself, I realize that I have evolved so much. Yet, at the same time, I am still so connected to my inner “child” self that I do not know how to define myself. The only way I can explain it is by talking about some experiences and how my life perceptions changed according to those experiences.
My Dream World
Authors: Tobasura Yesica Yuliana
Published: August 2021

A poem and reflection on life and society.
A General Review of the Role of Technology in the English Language Learning Processes
Authors: Rojas Arnold Yesid , Novoa Luis Alejandro , Sandoval Santiago Andrés
Published: August 2021

This article aimed at presenting general trends regarding the role of technology in the English language learning process. The benefits of using technology in the process of learning English, as well as the importance of using technology as a method to teach a foreign language, will be discussed. This study discusses the use of technology as a way to promote teaching English as a foreign language, as well as how it can transform the teaching and learning process.
Cabeza
Authors: Álvarez Contreras Daniel Alejandro
Published: August 2021

The author, Daniel Alejandro Álvarez Contreras, provides a narrative perspective on the relationship between our head and our thoughts.
Editorial
Authors: RAMOS HOLGUÍN BERTHA , Peñaloza Anna Carolina
Published: August 2021

In Enletawa Journal we have been fortunate to come out of strong professional networks that have nourished us over the years. Thanks to all the reviewers and authors that have worked with us over the past several years, we have been able to flourish as an academic journal that presents articles of teachers who have realized that writing is a possibility to act autonomously and echo their voices in the development of the pedagogical experience.

In this volume, we share stories from diverse corners of Colombia. Thanks to the many teachers who care about their students and who work tirelessly to make publishing happen. We are glad you wanted to share your experiences with us because, without any doubt, teachers are an important part of the teaching processes because what teachers say and do impact students’ lives.
COLOMBIA, EDUCACIÓN INEXORABLE
Authors: Alarcón González Julián Andrés
Published: August 2021

Colombia, un país donde ser maestro, docente o profesor, o en otras palabras un representante del crecimiento básico e íntegro de muchos niños del país, no es valorado. Este ensayo tratará de aquella educación nula, una transmisión de conocimientos sin esfuerzo, un gobierno que desacredita una labor fundamental como lo es ser maestro y lo que conlleva la falta de profesionalismo.

Primero que todo, pongamos la mirada en la caldera del país, el gobierno, en el que cientos de maestros son poco valorados, ya sea sin apreciar sus esfuerzos o el bajo salario que, ante un trabajo y una profesión tan primordial que manejan estos padres de la educación no es lo merecido, pero ¿ahora sabemos la causa de la protesta contra el estado? Con gran razón, por lo que pensamos ¿Cómo es posible que un congresista que únicamente está sentado, a veces aportando ideas, pero que, a pesar de todo lo que gana, no aporta algún beneficio a esta sociedad en decadencia? Lastimosamente es así, crecemos con la mentalidad de ser profesores, docentes, maestros, pero la ineficiencia del estado en todo campo (armado, político, económico) ha generado educadores sin motivación, sin profesionalismo y más que todo, sin méritos de transformar a esta sociedad, que poco a poco va cuesta abajo.
The Dark Moon
Authors: Medina Miranda Daniela
Published: August 2021

A children's book written and illustrated by Daniela Medina Miranda.
Reflections on student-centered learning: An alternative to traditional English classes
Authors: Fonseca Cely Sulma Patricia , Cano García Leidy Girleza
Published: August 2021

This article presents some methodological reflections about student-centered learning in order to achieve the Colombian National Standards for Bilingual Education in English classes in an elementary school context. It also discusses the need to raise teacher awareness, understanding of these methodologies, and the need to change teachers´ beliefs and behaviors in the classroom. Findings show that student-centered learning is an alternative for teachers, and it should be included in schools’ Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI) in order to achieve bilingualism. Furthermore, it allows students to explore, practice and increase their autonomy and self-confidence in using a foreign language.
Using feelings and emotions in the EFL classroom to improve writing skills through story writing workshops
Authors: Pinto Pérez Lina Paola
Published: August 2021

This paper aims at analyzing the role that feelings and emotions play when they are utilized inside the EFL classroom with eighth grade students. They were encouraged to talk about their feelings and emotions through the development of ten workshops based on writing short stories from their own life experiences. The results showed that feelings and emotions are a part of students that cannot be ignored because they are a factor in the learning process. Self-directed learning and a positive classroom environment are also key factors that should be considered in addition to the students’ emotional side when learning English as a foreign language.
Zirconology of syenites of the Northern Timan
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Andreichev V. L. , Soboleva A. A. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Udoratina O. V. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Ronkin Yu. L. ,   Institute of Geology and Geochemistry UB RAS
Published: August 2021

Northern Timan is an uplifted block of the Upper Precambrian basement of the Timan Ridge, where intrusive rocks of various compositions cut Neoproterozoic metaterrigenous rocks of the Barmin Group and are overlain by Lower Silurian limestone. Syenites are widespread in the Cape Bolshoy Rumyanichny pluton and compose the Krayny Kameshek and Malyi Kameshek plutons. To determine the age of the syenites, U—Pb dating of zircons was carried out using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The age of zircons from syenite of the Cape Bolshoy Rumyanichny pluton is 613 ± 7 Ma, Krayny Kameshek pluton — 602 ± 5 Ma, and Malyi Kameshek pluton — 598 ± 17 Ma. Similar zircon ages are known for other alkaline igneous rocks that occur within the Cape Bolshoy Rumyanichny pluton: olivine-kersutite gabbro — 614 ± 2 Ma, granites — 614 ± 11 Ma. Zircons from subalkaline granites of the Bolshoy Kameshek pluton are of the same age — 613 ± 6 Ma. The location of the plutons in the area of the Late Riphean passive margin of Baltica, the close association of subalkaline and alkaline granites, syenites, and alkaline gabbros indicate the anorogenic nature of these magmatic rocks and possible relationship with mantle plume activity. Ediacaran magmatic rocks of 614—600 Ma located in the Northern Timan could be associated with the final stages of Rodinia breakup, accompanied by plume-related magmatism, the products of which are also known in the eastern part of Laurentia and in the Scandinavia.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PREFERENSI KONSUMEN KEDAI KOPI MODERN DI BONDOWOSO
Authors: As'ad Mochamad Hafezd , Mulyo Aji Joni Murti
Published: August 2021

In the modern era today, coffee consumption lifestyle started to develop and penetrated the community especially in urban areas. The rapid growth of coffee shops in Indonesia, could be seen as well in Bondowoso. The existence of city branding "Bondowoso Coffee Republic" has increasingly encouraged the emergence of modern coffee shops. This study aimed to determine: (1) the characteristics of modern coffee shop consumers in Bondowoso, (2) factors that influenced the preferences of modern coffee shop consumers. Research area was determined intentionally (purposive method), namely the urban area of Bondowoso Regency. The location of the study was conducted at modern coffee shops located in the City. The sampling method used was incidental sampling with a total of 120 respondents in 3 selected modern coffee shops. The results showed that: (1) there were several characteristics of modern coffee shop consumers in urban areas of Bondowoso consisting of male with a percentage of 77.5 percent and female of 22.5 percent, 66.67 percent of consumers  had the intensity of drinking coffee as much as 3-4 cups per day, ( 2) formed 4 factors that influenced consumer preferences based on 15 variables, namely brand image, service, coffee and modernity.
ANALISIS PERWILAYAHAN KOMODITAS SEMANGKA DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Mayangsari Yunita , Sunartomo Aryo Fajar
Published: August 2021

Watermelon commodity has the highest productivity compared to other superior fruit commodities in Banyuwangi Regency. However, the land area and production of watermelon commodities are still quite volatile and their distribution is uneven. Therefore, a regional approach for watermelon commodities is needed in Banyuwangi Regency. This study aimed to determine the watermelon commodity base area, the characteristics of the watermelon commodity distribution, and the carrying capacity of the watermelon commodity on fruit horticultural crops in the Banyuwangi Regency. The determination of the research area was carried out intentionally in Banyuwangi Regency. The analytical methods used were Location Quotient (LQ) analysis, localization and specialization analysis, as well as Basic Service Ratio (BSR) and Regional Multiplier (RM) analysis. The results of the analysis show that the sub-district area was the basis for watermelon commodities in Banyuwangi Regency. The characteristics of the distribution of watermelon commodities in the Banyuwangi Regency were not localized. Watermelon farming activities are not concentrated in one sub-district but spread to several sub-districts in Banyuwangi Regency. The results of the analysis of the Basic Service Ratio (BSR) and Regional Multiplier (RM) of watermelon commodities produce more than one value. The existence of watermelon commodity farming activities can support fruit horticultural farming activities in Banyuwangi Regency.
Volumetric osteoconchoplasty method
Authors: Zargaryan B. M. , Litvinov S. D.
Published: August 2021

Introduction.Pathology of the inferior turbinates (IT) was found in 76.1% of patients with difficulty in nasal breathing. If nasal breathing cannot be restored with conservative measures, surgical intervention becomes the method of choice.

Materials and methods.Under local infiltration anesthesia, the IT is fractured and retracted medially (medialization). In the anterior section of the HHP, a vertical incision 0.5 cm long to the bone is made, through which the mucosa is peeled off from the bone base of the concha with a raspator-suction and a small tunnel from 2 to 3 cm long is created. shell surfaces and a small area of the mucosa of the lateral surface of the IT and the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. After insertion into the created tunnel of the required size of the "spreader-implant" plate, treated with a thin layer of LTK glue, the shell is slightly pressed with a self-inflating latex-foam rubber swab introduced into the IT for 10–15 minutes. At the end of the operation, after removing the tampon, the edges of the incision are processed with LTK glue.

Results.The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method for the rapid restoration of nasal breathing after rhinosurgical interventions. We use this technique in the overwhelming majority of cases of fibrous and bone forms of IT hypertrophy. In cases of the cavernous form, we perform a submucous conchotomy with a shaver, which makes it possible to very accurately remove exactly that part of the concha that violates the patency of the nasal cavity. In all cases, we consider it compulsory to carry out the IT lateroposition according to our method, which significantly improves the result of the operation. The surface of the shell remains completely covered with mucosa and as a result of matching the edges of the incision, the wound surface is absent. At the same time, after the operation, the shell remains full anatomically and functionally, i.e. consists of the bone skeleton and the corresponding volume of soft tissues.

Conclusion.The question of how to predict in the long-term postoperative period the normal size of the modeled IT, apparently, is currently not answered even by highly qualified rhinosurgeons. In this regard, there remains a need to search for new technologies for treating patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis.
THE MEANING OF QUALITY OF ACCOUNTING LEARNING IN THE PANDEMIC TIME COVID 19 (INTERPRETATIVE STUDY AT THE HEAD OF PTM ACCOUNTING STUDY PROGRAM IN INDONESIA)
Authors: Biduri Sarwenda , Hermawan Sigit , Hariyanto Wiwit
Published: August 2021

The Covid 19 pandemic that has occurred since December 2019 until now requires all teaching and learning activities for students to be temporarily carried out online from home, this learning is very different from conventional learning that occurs on campus, lecturers and students do not face directly but are separated. by distance that allows lecturers and students to be in different places, the positive effect of this learning really helps the continuity of the learning process during a pandemic like this. Lecturers and students must take advantage of communication media and social media as data storage media that can be used to record quality learning activities. The purpose of this research is, to find out how the quality of learning in accounting lecturers during the Covid 19 pandemic, to find out how the availability of IT and E-Learning helps in the quality of learning for accounting lecturers during the Covid 19 pandemic, to find out how the accounting program stakeholder strategy is to improve the quality of learning during the covid pandemic 19.
LFG’S ROLE IN UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFICULTIES OF COORDINATION ENCOUNTERED BY TURKISH LEARNERS OF ITALIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: AGIS FAZILA DERYA
Published: August 2021

Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG), which was introduced by Joan Bresnan and Ronald Kaplan at the end of 1970’s, is a reaction to transformational grammar. I intend to use LFG for analyzing the grammatical errors of Turkish adults, who were learning Italian as a foreign language. For finding out these errors, I distributed a grammaticality judgment test of 30 questions to 20 Turkish students, 10 of whom were learning Italian at the intermediate level, and 10 of whom at the elementary level. I made a statistical Chi-Square analysis for identifying in which parts of the Italian sentences and phrases coordinated with ‘ma’ (but), ‘o’ (or), ‘e’ (and), ‘né… né’ (neither…nor), and ‘non solo... ma anche’ (not only...but also) errors occurred. I aim to show that LFG proves the existence of cognitive and linguistic processes in the human mind.
Raspberry PI for Kill Mosquitoes by Laser
Authors: Rakhmatulin Ildar
Published: August 2021

More than 700 thousand human deaths from mosquito bites are observed annually in the world. It is more than 2 times the number of annual murders in the world. In this regard, the invention of new more effective methods of protection against mosquitoes is necessary. In this article for the first time, comprehensive studies of mosquito neutralization using machine vision and a 1 W power laser are considered. Developed laser installation with Raspberry Pi that changing the direction of the laser with a galvanometer. We developed a program for mosquito tracking in real. The possibility of using deep neural networks, Haar cascades, machine learning for mosquito recognition was considered. We considered in detail the classification problems of mosquitoes in images. A recommendation is given for the implementation of this device based on a microcontroller for subsequent use as part of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Any harmful insects in the fields can be used as objects for control.
Constraints on General Relativity Geodesics by a Covariant Geometric Uncertainty Principle
Authors: Escors David , Kochan Grazyna
Published: August 2021

General relativity is a theory for gravitation based on Riemannian geometry, difficult to compatibilize with quantum mechanics. This is evident in relativistic problems in which quantum effects cannot be discarded. For example in quantum gravity, gravitation of zero-point energy or events close to a black hole singularity. Here, we set up a mathematical model to select general relativity geodesics according to compatibility with the uncertainty principle. To achieve this, we derived a geometric expression of the uncertainty principle (GeUP). This formulation identified proper space-time length with Planck length by a geodesic-derived scalar. GeUP imposed a minimum allowed value for the interval of proper space-time which depended on the particular space-time geometry. GeUP forced the introduction of a “zero-point” curvature perturbation over flat Minkowski space, caused exclusively by quantum uncertainty but not to gravitation. When applied to the Schwarzschild metric and choosing radial-dependent geodesics, our mathematical model identified a particle exclusion zone close to the singularity, similar to calculations by loop quantum gravity. For a 2 black hole merger, this exclusion zone was shown to have a radius that cannot go below a value proportional to the energy/mass of the incoming black hole multiplied by Planck length.
Contract Theory-Based Incentive Mechanism for Full Duplex Cooperative NOMA with SWIPT Communication Networks
Authors: Zhang Zhenwei , Qu Hua , Zhao Jihong , Wang Wei
Published: August 2021

Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) communication can effectively improve the spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency of the wireless networks with extend coverage. An important design issue is to incentivize a relaying center user to participate in the cooperative process and achieve a win-win situation to both the BS and the center user. Some private information of the center users are hidden from the BS in the networks. We apply a contract theory-based incentive mechanism under such asymmetric information scenario to incentives center user to join the cooperative communication to maximize the BS profit utility and to guarantee the center user’s expect payoff. A match theory-based Gale-Shapley algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal strategy with low computation complexity. Simulation results indicated the network performance of our proposed cooperative transmission is much better than the conventional NOMA transmission and the benefit utility of the BS with the stable match strategy is nearly close to the complete channel state information multi-users scenario while the center users get the satisfied expect payoffs.
Telework, Hybrid Work and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals: Towards Policy Coherence
Authors: Moglia Magnus , Hopkins John , Bardoel Anne
Published: August 2021

With increased participation in telework expected to continue, to support emerging hybrid work models in the aftermath of the Covid-19, it is important to consider the long-term impact this practice could have on sustainability outcomes. This paper describes a systematic review of 113 academic journal articles and identifies associations between telework and sustainability, explored by previous researchers. Those associations were categorized and discussed, based on their contributions to different United Nations Social Development Goals. Most of research was found to focus on countries classified as having a very high human development index status, and regions with a low, medium or high human development index, largely ignored. The SWOT matrix technique was used to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses identified in the current literature as well as threats and opportunities for future work. This can help to ensure policy coherence and that strategies to promote one outcome, such as economic productivity improvements, does not undermine another, such as improved health. Practical implications and potential research opportunities were identified across a range of SDG impact areas, including good health and well-being, gender equality, reduced inequality, climate mitigation, sustainable cities and resilient communities. On the whole, our impression is that increased rates of telework present an important opportunity to improve sustainability outcomes, however, it will be important that integrated and holistic policy is developed that mitigates key risks.
Using a Product Life Cycle Cost Model to Solve Supplier Selection Problems in Sustainable Supply Chain
Authors: Jwo Tao Yu , Shyuan Lin Yi , Shih Lee Hsuan , Shu Tu Chang
Published: August 2021

Supplier selection (SC) continues to be a crucial component in manufacturing procurement. Using the PLCC advantages generates revenue and lowers costs more than might be anticipated. Supplier selection (SC) product life cycle cost (SCPLCC) is an important consideration among corporations, SCPLCC problem has become associated with deciding how one supplier should be selected from possible alternatives. Past literature on this topic is limited. We try to close this gap in knowledge. In this study, we attempt to apply two types of goal programming, multiobjective linear programming and revised multichoice goal programming to develop a PLCC-based concept to solve the SCPLCC problem and construct a decision-making tool for application to a case of supply chain management in a Taiwanese light-emitting diode company in the high-tech industry. Our study main contribution Company managers can easily use the two approaches of the SCPLCC model with different parameters to solve SCPLCC model problems. Finally, we are comparing five models found RMCGP with weighted linear goal programming had an adequate effect for application to the PLCC concept for high-technology Company; this cloud makes company decision–makers focus on low PLCC and select a better supplier in sustainable supply chains development.
Involvement of H-NS in Acinetobacter baumannii’s Natural Transformation
Authors: Le Casin , Pimentel Camila , Tuttobene Marisel Romina , Subils Tomás , Escalante Jenny , Nishimura Brent , Arriaga Susana , Rodgers Deja , Bonomo Robert A. , Sieira Rodrigo , Tolmasky Marcelo E. , Ramírez María Soledad
Published: August 2021

Most Acinetobacter baumannii strains are naturally competent. Although some information is available about factors that enhance or reduce the frequency of transformation of this bacterium, the regulatory elements and mechanisms are barely understood. In this article, we describe studies on the role of H-NS in the regulation of expression of genes related to natural competency and the ability to uptake foreign DNA. The expression levels of the natural transformation-related genes pilA, pilT, pilQ, comEA, comEC, comF, and drpA were significantly increased in a Δhns derivative of Acinetobacter baumannii A118. Complementation of the mutant with a recombinant plasmid harboring hns restored expression levels of six of these genes (pilT remained expressed at high levels) to those of the wild-type strain. The transformation frequency of the A. baumannii A118 Δhns strain was significantly higher than that of the wild-type. Similar, albeit not identical, effects occurred when hns was deleted from the hypervirulent A. baumannii AB5075 strain. Reduction of gene expression in a few cases was not as pronounced as to reach wild-type levels, and expression of comEA was enhanced further. In conclusion, the expression of all seven transformation-related genes was enhanced after deleting hns in A. baumannii A118 and AB5075, and these modifications are accompanied by an increase in the cells’ transformability. The results demonstrate a role of H-NS in A. baumannii’s natural competence.
Ovarian Cancer in the Era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.
Authors: Maiorano Brigida Anna , Maiorano Mauro Francesco Pio , Lorusso Domenica , Maiello Evaristo
Published: August 2021

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) represents the eighth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among the female population. In the advanced setting, chemotherapy represents the first-choice treatment, despite a high recurrence rate. In the last ten years, immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has profoundly modified the therapeutic scenario of many solid tumors. We sought to summarize the main findings regarding the clinical use of ICIs in the OC. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Databases, and conference abstracts from international congresses (such as ASCO, ESMO, SGO) for clinical trials, focusing on ICIs both as monotherapy and as combinations in the advanced OC. Results: 20 studies were selected, of which 16 were phase I or II and 4 phase III trials. ICIs targeting PD1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), PD-L1 (avelumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab), and CTLA4 (ipilimumab, tremelimumab) were employed. No significant survival improvement was achieved; conversely, early terminations due to futility or toxicity were recorded. Combinations with chemotherapy, anti-VEGF, and, overall, PARP-inhibitors seem feasible and enhance the response rate and survival, notwithstanding a worse safety profile. Conclusions: The identification of biomarkers with a predictive role for ICIs’ efficacy is mandatory. Moreover, genomic and immune profiling of the OC might lead to an improved treatments selection and design of tailored trials.
Maximum Possible Colling Rate in Ultrafast Chip Nanocalorimetry: Fundamental Limitations Due to Thermal Resistance at the Membrane/Gas Interface
Authors: Minakov Alexander A. , Schick Christoph
Published: August 2021

Ultrafast chip nanocalorimetry opens up remarkable possibilities in materials science by allowing samples to be cooled and heated at extremely high rates. Due to heat transfer limitations, controlled ultrafast cooling and heating can only be achieved for tiny samples in calorimeters with a micron-thick membrane. Even if ultrafast heating can be controlled under quasi-adiabatic conditions, ultrafast controlled cooling can be performed if the calorimetric cell is located in a heat-conducting gas. It was found that the maximum possible cooling rate increases as 1/r0 with decreasing radius r0 of the hot zone of the membrane. The possibility of increasing the maximum cooling rate with decreasing r0 was successfully implemented in many experiments. In this regard, it is interesting to answer the question: what is the maximum possible cooling rate in such experiments if r0 tends to zero? Indeed, on submicron scales, the mean free path of gas molecules lmfp becomes comparable to r0, and the temperature jump that exists at the membrane/gas interface becomes significant. Considering the limitation associated with thermal resistance at the membrane/gas interface and considering the transfer of heat through the membrane, we show that the controlled cooling rate can reach billions of K/s, up to 1010 K/s.
Artificial Intelligence and Military Applications: Innovations, Cybersecurity Challenges & Open Research Areas
Authors: Jayakumar Priyanka , Brohi Sarfraz Nawaz , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman
Published: August 2021

Over the years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has seen a steady progress in development and evolution that can aid many sectors. Today, AI plays an essential role in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and it is making its way into the military sector as well. Many countries are actively looking into AI military technology. Some of these innovations include image recognition, text analysis, Self-driving vehicles (SDV), gaming, robotic process automation (RPA) & Robotic and Autonomous Systems (RAS), and Autonomous Weapons Systems (AWS). In this research, we discuss the advantages of each innovation mentioned and analyze the many different cybersecurity threats that awaken due to military artificial intelligence systems. We then discuss the open research areas to better improve the current state of military artificial intelligence applications in terms of ethics, system security, proper strategy plan, accepted responsibility matrix, and introduction of relevant laws.
Creating Shared Value in BoP communities with Micro-manufacturing Factories: A Systematized Literature Review
Authors: Chihambakwe Zviemurwi J. , Grobbelaar Sara S. , Matope Stephen
Published: August 2021

Background: Shared value creation in Base of the Pyramid (BoP) communities is a crucial process towards building sustainable societies. BoP communities in developing countries represent more than four billion people who live on low incomes with limited access to basic products and services. Current or emerging technologies offer promising solutions for organisations pursuing manufacturing opportunities in BoP communities. This study seeks to explore the literature on how BoP communities may become active participants in sustainably manufacturing products using micro-manufacturing factories. The research question posed is: What are the core concepts that need to be taken into consideration for creating shared value through micro-manufacturing factories in BoP communities? Method: A Systematised Literature review (SLR) was completed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method for data selection criteria and analysis. The SLR is used to explore the state of literature with regards to creating manufacturing shared value in BoP communities with the objective to identify study gaps and to explore shared value creation concepts. Results: Literature indicates BoP initiatives that have pursued to engage BoP communities through various innovation strategies. The findings of the review is organised under three strategic pillars: Capability building strategy, Implementation process, and Growth strategy. The capability building strategy defines the users’ intention to create shared value in BoP communities with Micro-manufacturing factories (MMF). It is followed by the implementation process which guides the users to create manufacturing shared value in BoP communities. This is followed by a growth strategy to scale for impact.
Effect of Salinity on Morphological Characteristics, Biochemical Accumulation, and Essential Oil Yield and Composition in Black Horehound (Ballota nigra L.)
Authors: Younessi Mehdikhanlou Mehdi , Dibazarnia Zahra , Oustan Shahin , Teniyah Vinson , Katam Ramesh , Mahna Nasser
Published: August 2021

Black horehound (Ballota nigra L.) is one of the important medicinal plants, which is a rich source of health-promoting essential oils. Salinity stress affects plant development and alters the quality and quantity of plants extracts and their composition. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on morphological, physiological characteristics, and secondary metabolites of B. nigra under greenhouse, and in vitro culture conditions. The plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl (25, 50, 75, 100 mM) and fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem were measured as well as morphological characteristics of the plant. Plant growth was reduced with the increased salinity concentrations. The results showed that all growth-related traits and SPAD were decreased both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, increased salt concentration affected the cell membrane integrity. Total phenolics content of plants growing in the greenhouse, increased by 21% at 50 mM NaCl, but at higher stress levels (100 mM NaCl), the amounts were decreased significantly. Total flavonoids contents followed similar patterns, with a slight difference. In addition, the maximum and minimum total phenolics contents of plants growing under in vitro condition were observed at 50 mM NaCl and control treatments, respectively. Increasing the salt concentration significantly affected the total flavonoids content, and as a result, the highest amount was observed in 50 and 75 mM NaCl treatments. Antioxidant activity was also measured. Among the NaCl treatments, the highest DPPH scavenging activities (IC50) under greenhouse and in vitro conditions were detected at 50 mM and 25 mM concentrations, respectively. In general, based on the results, with increasing the salinity level to 75 mM, the activities of CAT and APX were significantly upregulated in both greenhouse and in vitro culture conditions. A correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant activity were obtained. With shifting salinity stress, the type and the amount of the identified essential oil compounds changed. Compounds such as styrene, tridecanol, germacrene-D, beta-Ionone, beta-bisabolene, and caryophyllene oxide increased compared to the controlled treatment.
Agricultural Value Chains. A Bibliometric Review and Analysis.
Authors: Analuisa-Aroca Iván Alberto , Jimber del Río Juan Antonio , Fernández Gallardo José Antonio , Vergara-Romero Arnaldo
Published: August 2021

This work analyzes the visibility and scientific impact of publications related to agricultural value chains. The incidence of bibliometric indicators allows for the interpretation of bibliographic information generated worldwide. Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the published literature and bibliometric indicators on agricultural value chains. The Web of Science database was used to extract value chains data. The study analyzed articles published between 2010 and 2020. The keywords used are "agricultural value chains'' and articles from journals or studies related to the subject were selected for bibliometric analysis and methodological review. In the search for the keyword, a total of 4208 results were extracted, of which 1,669 records were considered for analysis. The bibliometric analysis of the data reveals that Wageningen University (55) has the highest number of publications, followed by Chinese Acad Sci (26). The author Klerkx L (9) has the highest number of records, followed by Hellin J (7). With respect to the countries with the greatest contributions on the subject are: the People's Republic of China, Germany, Italy, France and the United States. The study contributes to the analysis of bibliometrics and provides a methodological review of published journal articles on agricultural value chains. This bibliographic study presents the history of research development in agricultural value chains.
Impact of Spiritual Intelligence in Leadership: Some Biblical Cases
Authors: Moleka Pitshou
Published: August 2021

Spiritual intelligence had an impact on different biblical leaders, and in this text, we see some cases to serve as a sample (Joseph, Bezalel, and Daniel). In the Bible, this impact is demonstrated in innovations introduced by Joseph in Egypt, Bezalel the manager of the macro project of building in crisis time, Daniel the politician. It is the supreme intelligence and leaders are invited to make a shift from rationality to spirituality. The more leaders of organizations will use spiritual intelligence, the more leaders and followers will experience satisfaction, joy, accomplishment.
Diversity of Coronavirus Receptors
Authors: Ghosh Pritha , Jayaram Savita , Patwardhan Dhruti , Marimuthu Saranya , Lenehan Patrick , Venkatakrishnan AJ , Hughes Travis , Zemmour David , Anand Praveen , Soundararajan Venky
Published: August 2021

Several recent surges in COVID-19 cases due to newly emerging variant strains of SARS-CoV-2 with greater transmissibility have highlighted the virus’s capability to directly modulate spike-ACE2 interactions and promote immune evasion by sterically masking the immunogenic epitopes. Recently, there have also been reports of the bidirectional transfer of coronavirus between different animal species and humans. The ability of coronavirus to infect and adapt to a wide range of hosts can be attributed to new variants that modify the molecular recognition profile of the spike protein (S protein). The receptor-binding domain of the spike protein specifically interacts with key host receptor molecules present on the host cell membranes to gain entry into the host and begin the infection cycle. In this review, we discuss the molecular, structural, and functional diversity associated with the coronavirus receptors across their different phylogenetic lineages and its relevance to various symptomatology in the rapid human-to-human infection in COVID-19 patients, tropism, and zoonosis. Despite this seeming diversity of host receptors, there may be some common underlying mechanisms that influence the host range, virus transmissibility, and pathogenicity. Understanding these mechanisms may be crucial in not only controlling the ongoing pandemic but also help in stopping the resurgence of such virus threats in the future.
Optimalisasi Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan yang Terintegrasi Melalui Penerapan Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Tarigan M.Rosidi , Nowo Martono Dwi , Umanto
Published: August 2021

The ISO 14001 environmental management system has been implemented by many types of organizations, but there are still many differences of opinion related to the effectiveness of the implementation of this standard on improving environmental performance in an organization. The effectiveness of the implementation of environmental management system standards is highly dependent on strategic planing gaps with other management systems integrated in an organization. The balanced scorecard concept has provided a comprehensive framework for translating the company's strategic planning into more comprehensive performance measurement. To analyze the condition of strategic planing in an integrated management system that has adopted the concept of a balanced scorecard at PT. Xyz, researchers used a descriptive analysis method, the results obtained that strategic planning in 2014, 2015 and 2018 have coherence, but in 2016-2017 it is not coherent, which means that strategic planning starts not in accordance with the attributes of the balanced scorecard concept. Correlation test method is used to analyze the effect of strategic planning with environmental performance and economic performance at PT. Xyz, the results obtained that strategic planning in an integrated management system that adopts a balanced scorecard has a positive effect on environmental performance but does not have a positive effect on economic performance. Strategic planning interventions through the formulation of corporate strategy using the DEMATEL method obtained corporate strategy impact relations map which formulates the six criteria of the most priority corporate strategy recommendations for improving environmental performance and economic performance at PT. Xyz in the future
Pengaruh Kepribadian (Personality) dan Keinginan Untuk Bertindak (Intention to Act) Terhadap Perilaku Tanggung Jawab Lingkungan (Responsible Environmental Behavior) Siswa
Authors: Tiara Agustiani Mahardika  , I Made Putrawan  , Diana Vivanti Sigit
Published: August 2021

Environmental damage is intentionally done by individuals or groups of people. Understanding of environmental education involves various parties including one of them students. Behavior of responsibility possessed by students is supported by the personality and desire to act in dealing with environmental problems. This study was aimed at finding effect personality and intention to act toward responsible environmental behavior students. Research conducted at SMAN 31 Jakarta on the Semester I of 2019/2020 school year. The method used is a survey method through causal studies and analyzed by path analysis. The research instruments used were responsible environmental behavior (27 items, reliability 0.763), personality (26 items, reliability 0.820), and intention to act (30 items, reliability 0.904). The results showed that personality has a direct effect on the intention to act, intention to act has a direct effect on responsible environmental behavior , personality has a direct effect on responsible environmental behavior, and the results of intention to act are suitable as mediating variables between personality and responsible environmental  behavior on students.

Keys : Student, Personality, Intention to Act, Responsible Environmental Behavior, Reliability.
Pengaruh tata kelola perusahaan, kualitas audit, dan konservatisme terhadap persyaratan agunan pinjaman
Authors: Puspa Rani , Triana Leni , Nopianti Rina , Tjeng Prastika Suwandi
Published: August 2021

Debtors and creditors have equal access to information about default risks in competitive credit markets. Loan collateral is less important in credit decision-making in these circumstances. However, in emerging credit markets such as Indonesia, where debtors and creditors do not have equal information about a firm's prospects, the use of collateral to mitigate default risk has become common practice. Despite the strong theoretical framework for the use of collateral to secure creditors from credit risk, some Indonesian firms are exempt from providing collateral for bank debts. This study looks at how the independence of the Board of Commissioners, governance committees, audit quality, and conservatism affect the likelihood of using debt collateral. Around 785 firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange were collected using Slovin's formula, during the sample period of 2017-2020. According to logistic regression analysis, firms with a more independent Board of Commissioners, a separate governance committee, Big 4 auditors, and conservative accounting policies are less likely to provide loan collateral
Detection of fraudulent financial reporting trough the Crowe’s Fraud Pentagon Theory in primary consumer goods indexed
Authors: Kartikasari Maulida Dwi , Sumarno Sumarno , Fitriani Rizki Nur
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the fraud pentagon in detecting fraudulent financial statements. The data was collected by using the documentation method, while the data analysis used was descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, and hypothesis testing. The population in this study were companies IDX Industrial Classification  Food and Beverage Sub-Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) 2016-2019. The sample in this study was 11 companies selected by the purposive sampling method.  Based on the multiple linear regression analysis, the results show that opportunity, rationalization, and arrogance have a significant positive effects on fraud detection in Primary Consumer Goods Indexed. This means that rationalization, opportunity, and arrogance can detect fraudulent financial statements. However, the pressure and competence variables have a significance value below 5%. This means that the two variables do not have a significant effect on the detection of fraudulent financial reporting in companies indexed by primary consumer goods in the food and beverage sub-sector.
Kompensasi, kepuasan kerja dan komitmen karyawan pada Hotel De’boutique Malang
Authors: Mahardini Dian Tri , Sedyastuti Kristina , Sarwoko Endi , Graha Andi Nu
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of compensation on employee commitment, and the effect of job satisfaction on employee commitment. Using a quantitative research approach using a questionnaire to measure the responses of all employees of Hotel De 'Butik Malang, totaling 63 people. The research instrument was arranged using a 5 interval Likert scale. Data analysis and hypothesis testing using Multiple Linear Regression and t-test. The results of the study explain that compensation will affect employee commitment to the organization, besides that job satisfaction is also a factor that affects employee commitment at Hotel De'Boutique Malang. Future research can develop a research model by examining the mediating role of job satisfaction on the effect of compensation on employee commitment.
Apakah karakteristik komite audit dan independensi dewan komisaris mempengaruhi financial distress?
Authors: Siagian Valentine , Siagian Boy Daniel
Published: August 2021

This study examines the effect of audit committee characteristics and independence board of the commissioner on financial distress on companies listed in IDX30. With purposive sampling, there are 70 firm-year observations included as the sample in this study. Then we use logistic regression to run the data. The result of this study shows that audit committee characteristics which measured by the total number of the audit committees, meeting frequency of the audit committee and the accounting background of the audit committee, only the total number of audit committees affect financial distress on companies listed in IDX30, while the other characteristics don't affect financial distress. Empirically, this result shows that the higher the number of audit committees, the more likely the company could avoid financial distress.
Brand value dan nilai perusahaan di Indonesia
Authors: Yaqin Fuad Husnul , Prasetyono Prasetyono
Published: August 2021

This study aims to prove the effect of brand value on firm value. The research sample is companies listed in the 100 Most Valuable Brands of Indonesia and the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2019, totaling 250 with purposive sampling technique, while the data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. As a result, we get the first evidence that brand value and book value per share does not affect firm value. In addition, earnings per share and market capitalization also affect firm value. This result means that the investor's decision to buy shares is a strategic and long-term decision with consideration of its prospects in the future.
Disiplin, keterampilan, dan lingkungan kerja guna meningkatkan efektivitas kerja karyawan
Authors: Wasis Wasis
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of discipline, skills, and work environment on work effectiveness. Types of primary data, data collection methods through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The population used is employees of the production division of PT. Putra Restu Ibu Abadi has 96 employees. The sampling technique used was the saturated sampling method. Data analysis used Multiple Linear Regression. Based on the analysis and discussion, it shows that there is an effect of work discipline on work effectiveness, the more disciplined the employees of the production division work, the more effective their work will be. There is an influence of work skills on work effectiveness, the more productive employees have skills in work, the more effective the work. There is an influence of the work environment on the effectiveness of work, a good work environment, the more effective the work of production employees.