bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermochemical, PASS, Molecular Docking, Drug-Likeness and In Silico ADMET Prediction of Cytidine Derivatives against HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase
Authors: Kawsar Sarkar Mohammad Abe , Hosen Mohammed Anowar , Chowdhury Tasneem Sultana , Rana Kazi Masud , Fujii Yuki , Ozeki Yasuhiro
Published: July 2021

In recent, millions of people are living with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is one of the main viral targets for HIV-1 inhibition. Pyrimidine nucleoside derivative, 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) is a highly active nucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT). In this work, hydroxyl (-OH) groups of cytidine structure were modified with different aliphatic and aromatic groups to get 5´-O-acyl- and 2´,3´-di-O-acyl derivatives and then employed for molecular modeling, molecular docking, biological prediction, and pharmacological studies. Herein, we relate the optimization of cytidine and its acylated analogues applying density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP/3-21G level theory to explore their thermochemical and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) properties. Prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) indicated promising antiviral, anti-carcinogenic, and antifungal functionality of these cytidine esters compared to the antibacterial activities. To support this observation, their cytotoxic prediction and molecular docking studies have been performed against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) (PDB: 3V4I). Most of the molecules studied out here could bind near the crucial catalytic binding site, Tyr181, Ile94, Ile382, Lys374, Val381, Val90, and Tyr34 of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and the molecules were surrounded by other active site residues like Gln332, Trp406, Asn265, Gly93, His96, Pro95, and Thr165. Finally, these novel molecules were analyzed for their pharmacokinetic properties which expressed that the combination of in silico ADMET prediction, toxicity prediction, and drug-likeness had shown a promising result. The study discusses the performance of molecular docking to suggest the novel molecules active against resistance mutants of RT and/or recombinant strains of HIV-1.
Cationic substitutions in sphalerite from the Porgera mine, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Ingles Christopher H. , Mavrogenes John A.
Published: July 2021

Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to traverse hydrothermal vein sphalerite from different ore-forming stages of the Porgera Au-Ag mine, Papua New Guinea. Elements were measured in situ over the growth of crystals to investigate the greatly varying concentrations of cations in sphalerite and their positions in the lattice. Traverse profiles for 16 elements were obtained and aligned to transmitted light images where possible. Each sample contained an array of elements, with many displaying orders of magnitude concentration differences.

Results show the simultaneous incorporation of Cu and Sn in sphalerite, as well as Cu and Ag, In and Sn, As and Sb, Fe and Mn, and Cu and Ga. The relation [4Zn2+ ↔ 2Cu+ + Sn2+ + Sn4+] is proposed to explain the 1:1 Cu–Sn correlation. Further relations can be seen, including a Ga “ceiling” or Cu “floor”, where Ga incorporation becomes dependent on Cu concentrations. Furthermore, silver was also observed to correlate with Au, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Bi.

Meta-stable solid solutions between pairs such as Cu, Ag; Fe, Mn; As, Sb; and In, Sn are also suggested. Each of these pairs are neighbors on the periodic table of elements, which suggests that simple solid solution can occur, and positive correlations for all four solid solutions were found in one sample alone.

While the concept of charge-specific solid solutions in sphalerite has been discussed in the literature with reference to monovalent cations, the results presented herein also indicate solid solutions of higher oxidation states, containing many cations. Furthermore, while cations in charge-specific solid solutions have been proposed to compete for lattice sites in sphalerite, simultaneous in situ coupled concentrations at Porgera suggest otherwise.

Cationic substitution equations displaying decimal ratios of each element in solid solution can then provide a novel method to distinguish between solid solution concentrations in different samples. For example, displaying 1:1 ratios of Cu–Ag and Sb–As: [2Zn2+ ↔ (Cu+0.5, Ag+0.5) + (As3+0.5, Sb3+0.5)], or for a 100:1 Fe–Mn ratio: [Zn2+ ↔ (Fe2+0.99, Mn2+0.01)].
Pengaruh Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Pola Konsumsi Mahasiswa
Authors: Nabilah Alvina Putri , Fitri Karima Nurul , Primastuti Rahmi Kharisma , Khoirunnisaa Rifqa Tsania , Anju Anju , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: July 2021

Salah satu sektor yang terdampak pandemi COVID-19 adalah pendidikan. Institusi dihimbau untuk tidak melaksanakan kegiatan belajar mengajar secara langsung dengan tujuan mengurangi penyebaran COVID-19 sehingga ditetapkan sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh. Hal tersebut berdampak pada pola konsumsi mahasiswa karena adanya perubahan terkait kebiasaan baru di masa pandemi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan deskripsi dengan metode survei dan studi literatur. Kuesioner disampaikan melalui Jotform dengan total responden sebanyak 106 mahasiswa yang disebarkan melalui berbagai sosial media. Data yang didapatkan menunjukkan pengeluaran selama masa pandemi mengalami penurunan. Begitupun dengan biaya transportasi yang juga mengalami penurunan karena banyaknya aktivitas yang dilakukan di rumah. Sedangkan kebutuhan biaya internet selama masa pandemi menunjukkan peningkatan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perubahan pola konsumsi mahasiswa di masa pandemi memiliki pengaruh terhadap pola kehidupan mahasiswa, diantaranya terjadi peningkatan pada kebutuhan internet, penggunaan uang digital, dan kebiasaan berbelanja online, dan menunjukkan penurunan pada biaya transportasi, kebutuhan di tempat tinggal, dan kebutuhan kuliah. Hal ini disebabkan pola adaptasi manusia terhadap perubahan keadaan sosial ekonomi selama pandemi.
The Dissimilar Self-Alignment Characteristics of Smaller Passive Components in the Length and Width Directions
Authors: He Jingxi , Cen Yuqiao , Li Yuanyuan , Park Seungbae , Won Daehan
Published: July 2021

Motivation: As passive components’ size gets smaller, quality rejects due to overhang and misalignment after the reflow appear more frequently. This situation is partly because the pass-fail criterion is set based on the offset concerning the component dimensions. Therefore, understanding the self-alignment characteristics of electronic components becomes very critical for surface-mount assembly yield. This research investigates the dissimilarity of self-alignment in the length and width directions.

Approach: To avoid the argument of sample to sample variations, data are collected from 81 printed circuit boards (PCB) and 182,250 assembled components. Within a PCB, 25 different solder paste printing offset locations and 81 component placement offset settings are implemented. Component-placement positions before and after the reflow are monitored. The results are compared to identify different component sizes’ self-alignment characteristics in the length and width directions.

Key findings: The misalignment of smaller passive components, e.g., R0402M(0.40 mm × 0.20 mm), is worse than the larger component under the identical solder paste printing and component placement conditions. Furthermore, the self-alignment characteristic in the length direction of these passive components, e.g., R0402M, to R1005M (1.00 mm × 0.50 mm) is superior to that of width direction. The observations are not consistent with the results found in earlier research that reported on larger components, e.g., C0402M(0.40 mm × 0.20 mm), to C3216M(3.20 mm × 1.50 mm).
Трансформация этни­ческого состава населения украинского Подунавья: к вопросу о переселении молдаван/румын на Дальний Восток (1947-1949 гг.) / Transformation of the Ethnic Combination of the Ukrainian Podunavia Population: on the Issue of the Resettlement of Moldavians/Romanian to the Far East (1947 – 1949)
Authors: Tsyganenko Lilia
Published: July 2021

Based on previously unpublished archive documents (Ismail, Ukraine), the organization and resettlement of parts of the residents from the lower Danube region to South Sakhalin in 1947-1949 are considered. First of all, the resettlement touched the representatives of the Moldovan/Romanian ethnic group living in Reni district. This relocation should be seen as an attempt from the part of the Soviet totalitarian regime to transform the ethnic
composition of the region, having evicted the part of the local population to remote corners of the Soviet empire, which, without much enthusiasm, met the socialist changes of the second half of the 1940s and related to the collectivization of agriculture. The age, gender, and quantitative indicators are analyzed. Lists of immigrants to the South Sakhalin in 1947 and 1948 are given.
Heritage Valuation Driving Sustainability of Cultural Capital in Bishnupur in Eastern India
Authors: Basu Asmita , De Anupam
Published: July 2021

Cultural heritage of a country represents an array of monuments, historic buildings, arts and crafts, indigenous skills and traditions. The emerging threats to the cultural resources by way of decay, loss or destruction, has become a prime concern today. Heritage has become one of the vital components of tourism industry. It is being considered as cultural capital. The process of valuation of this capital is very complex since Heritage is basically a nonmarketed good. Different techniques used for valuating environmental resources which are similar in nature to Heritage, have led to the development of economic valuation models especially for valuation of Heritage as cultural assets. This economic approach has helped to derive the real value of heritage sites by way of consumer’s surplus and consumer’s willingness to pay for the use of cultural heritage assets and sustain sites for future generations.
Recreational Centers in Chisinau in the Vision of Visual Artists
Authors: Procop Natalia
Published: July 2021

One of the genres of easel painting that remains less pretentious to politics is landscape. The city of Chisinau, one of the most important cities of the Republic, was and remains a source of inspiration for artists Eugenia Gamburd, Rostislav Ocușco, Mihail Petric, Filimon Hămuraru, Ludmila Țonceva, Vasile Toma, Inesa Țîpina, Petru Jireghea, Ion Jumatii, Ion Chitoroagă, Florentin Leancă and others. That is one of the topics addressed by artists reflecting moments of relaxation, rest, sports - recreational centres (parks, lakes, stadiums etc.). This article analyzes the paintings from the collection of the National Museum of Art of Moldova, but also the private collections of plastic artists concerning the rest areas of Chisinau. These paintings made on the subject under research can be attributed not only to the landscape genre but also, in some cases, to genre painting. The subject becomes current for painters with the arrangement of the capital’s parks: The square of the Ensemble of the Metropolitan Cathedral of Chisinau, the Public Garden of Chisinau, the Botanical Garden, the Valley of Roses park, the Valley of Mills park, the Ghidighici Reservoir, the Dinamo Stadium etc.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK MARK.ON.ID
Authors: Ardyan Elia , Gunawan Stiven
Published: July 2021

Industri smartphone Indonesia saat ini telah melesat menjadi salah satu primadona di industri Indonesia. Indonesia menempati urutan ke 24 dari 27 negara dimana dari seluruh orang dewasa pemilik di Indonesia 42% memiliki smartphone, 28% memiliki HP biasa dan 29% tidak memiliki HP. Hal ini berarti dari 260 juta rakyat Indonesia saat ini sekitar 109,2 juta orang memiliki smartphone. Penggunaan smartphone yang ada di Indonesia terus meningkat dan membuat beberapa industri membuat sebuah bisnis aksesoris untuk smartphone. Mark.on.id adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di aksesoris smartphone yang menjual custome case, VR Box, dan pop socket yang biasa digunakan untuk mempermudah konsumen memegang smartphone. Kualitas produk, harga dan promosi adalah yang paling harus diperhatikan oleh konsumen dalam membeli sebuah produk Gerung, et al., (2017). Dalam hal ini variabel kualitas produk, harga dan promosi perlu diteliti untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap keputusan pembelian. Maka dari itu peneliti mengajukan penelitian berjudul Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga dan Promosi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Mark.on.id. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menguji pengaruh kualitas produk, harga, dan promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian Mark.on.id. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan survey. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang telah membeli produk Mark.on.id. Sampel dalam penelitian dilakukan ini dengan menggunakan pendekatan sampling jenuh (sensus). Penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan secara online melalui google form. Responden dalam penelitian ini merupakan konsumen Mark.on.id yang pernah membeli produk Mark.on.id sebelumnya dan bersedia untuk mengisi kuesioner yang berjumlah 115 responden. Software

statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah SPSS versi 24. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa teradapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari kualitas produk, harga, promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian.
Kata kunci: Kualitas Produk, Harga, Promosi, Keputusan Pembelian
PENGARUH SHOPPING ORIENTATION DAN ONLINE TRUST TERHADAP ONLINE SHOPPING INTENTION PLATFORM SHOPEE
Authors: Mohammad Nahdah
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul “Pengaruh Shopping Orientation dan Online Trust terhadap Online Shopping Intention Platform Shopee” yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui pengaruh shopping orientation terhadap online shopping intention pada platform Shopee (2) Mengetahui pengaruh online trust terhadap online shopping intention pada platform Shopee. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear berganda. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa aktif Universitas Ciputra yang memiliki akun Shopee. Sampel yang diperoleh adalah 364 orang mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah shopping orientation dan online trust berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap online shopping intention, baik secara parsial maupun simultan.
Kata kunci: shopping orientation, online trust, dan online shopping intention
Perfil cienciométrico sobre a abordagem do conceito de Energia em trabalhos publicados no Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Química (ENEQ)
Authors: Silva Leiliane Alves da , Simões Neto José Euzébio
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla de mestrado, tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre pesquisas que envolvem o ensino e a aprendizagem do conceito de energia em anais do Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Química (ENEQ), utilizando elementos da cienciometria, ferramenta de análise da produção científica baseada em indicadores numéricos e estatística. Para traçar o perfil cienciométrico e identificar um panorama da produção, consultamos os anais das cinco últimas edições do evento, encontrando um total de 77 trabalhos, dos quais 25 constituíram o universo da pesquisa após refinamento dos descritores e foram analisados a partir dos indicadores gerais, de conteúdo, autoria e referência. Os resultados mostram a não existência de padrão quanto ao número de trabalhos por edição, semelhança entre as palavras utilizadas nos títulos e nas palavras-chave, número excessivo de autores em alguns trabalhos e predominância de artigos em periódicos e livros nas referências.
Palavras-chave: Cienciometria. Energia. Ensino de química. ENEQ.
Lossy codecs for digital image signatures
Authors: Kommey Benjamin , Kotey Seth , Adom-Bamfi Gideon , Tchao Eric Tutu
Published: July 2021

Most applications in recent times make use of images one way or the other. As physical devices for capturing images improve, the quality and sizes of images also increase. This causes a significant footprint of images on storage devices. There is ongoing research to reduce the footprint of images on storage. Since storage is a finite resource, the goal is to reduce the sizes of images while maintaining enough quality pleasant to the human eye. In this paper, the design of two lossy codecs for compressing grayscale digital signature images has been presented. The algorithms used either simple thresholding or transform coding to introduce controlled losses into the image coding chain. This was to reduce, to a great extent, the average number of bits per pixel required to represent the images. The codecs were implemented in MATLAB and experiments were conducted with test images to study the performances of the algorithms.
Developing writing skills in English with PhD students
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sizov M.M.
Published: July 2021

The paper discusses the author’s experience of developing writing skills in English with PhD students. Emphasis is placed on the English-language phenomena most important for the course.
Book Review. G. A. Shirokova. Gotovimsya k ekzamenu kandidatskogo minimuma po angliyskomu yazyku. Ekspress-kurs. M.: Flinta, 2020. 205 s.
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Razinkina N.M.
Published: July 2021

n/a
"Friend-or-foe", or term capacity in a terminology system ("Languages of the World" database, Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences)
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zotova A.K. , Romanova O.J. ,   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2021

The paper outlines specificity of linguistic terminology, in particular the use of synonyms and equivalent terminological patterns in the new desktop version of the «Languages of the World» database that is being compiled at the Institute of Linguistics RAS. The analysis includes terminology in the «Languages of the World» encyclopedia articles (Institute of Linguistics RAS). The topic could be of interest for those dealing with applied lexicography and linguodidactics.
Language-specific units as intensity markers
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ioanesyan E.R.
Published: July 2021

The paper scans the linguistic literature on word formation models for strengthening, intensifying, and emphasizing. It presents a number of new models, plus a description of some language-specific words as intensity markers in a variety of languages
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Kerjasama Masyarakat Swasta Mengatasi Masalah Stunting di Desa Lomuli-Kabupaten Pohuwato
Authors: Juanna Andi , Isa Rusli
Published: July 2021

Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik periode II Universitas Negeri Gorontalo Mengusung tema besar mengenai Stunting, yang bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi mengenai pentingnya menyaja kecukupan gizi khususnya bagi ibu hamik dan anak-anak. Objek pelaksanaan program ini berlokasi di Desa Lomuli Kecamatan Lemito Kabupaten Pohuwato. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan saat pelaksanaan KKN diawali oleh kegiatan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan kesehatan bagi ibu hamil dan anak akan khususnya, dan masyarakat desa Lomuli umunya, dimana sebagai pelaksana kegiatan adalah mahasiswa, Dinas Kesehatan, serta Puskesmas Desa Lomuli. Kegiatan ini juga mengundang pihak swasta maupun individu dalam skema Public-Private Partnership (PPP) yang bertujuan untuk menagajak organisasi-organisasi tersebut untuk mengagendakan program penanggulangan Stunting sebagai program tahunannya. Luaran dari program ini adalah untuk membentuk kesadaran masyarakat serta pemerinta akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan, dan pemberian vitamin bagi ibu hamil dan anak-anak, serta menjaga lingkungan yang sehat dan bersih untuk membentuk masyarakat yang sehat dan bersih.
Pengembangan Tanaman Jahe Menjadi Produk Olahan Sehat Sebagai Alternatif Pencegahan Covid 19 di Desa Ilotunggula Kecamatan Tolinggula Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara
Authors: Hamsidar Hamsidar , A.K Widysusanti , Thomas Nur Ain
Published: July 2021

Virus corona diketahui menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia yang dapat ditularkan dari orang ke orang. Oleh sebab itu kondisi ini menimbulkan kecemasan dan kekhawatiran dalam diri akibat virus corona, sehingga perlu mempertahankan kondisi tubuh dengan imun yang kuat agar dapat mencegah covid 19. Salah satu yang menjadi pilihan adalah rempah herbal. Rempah herbal yang paling populer adalah jahe. Jahe adalah tanaman dari suku Zingiberaceae yang berupa rimpang yang sangat populer sebagai rempah-rempah dan bahan obat. Rimpangnya berbentuk Jemari yang menggembung diruas-ruas tengah. Rasa dominan pedas disebabkan senyawa keton bernama gingerol. Senyawa ini dapat menjaga sistem imun tubuh dan juga berfungsi sebagai antiinflamasi dan antioksidan yang tinggi karena kandungan vitamin C nya yang mampu mencegah terjadinya peradangan paru-paru. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Ilotunggula Kecamatan Tolinggula Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara, yang merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang mempunyai potensi bahan baku jahe yang sangat melimpah. Pengembangan jahe menjadi produk minuman dan makanan olahan sehat dapat meningkatkan penjualan bahan baku petani jahe, meningkatkan pendapatannya, membantu warga dalam mencegah covid 19. Produk ini dapat dikonsumsi guna peningkatan gizi masyarakat dan dapat dipasarkan langsung ke masyarakat. Sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif sumber pendapatan ekonomi bagi masyarakat dan secara tidak langsung ikut mendukung program pemerintah dalam hal mengurangi dampak covid 19.
Pemberdayaan Anak Jalanan Pada Komunitas Save Street Child (SSC) Sidoarjo Dengan Pelatihan Ketrampilan Pembuatan Kerajinan Tangan Untuk Meningkatkan Taraf Hidup
Authors: Hariyani Indaria Tri , Julianingsih Denok , Fitri Norma Diana
Published: July 2021

Pemberdayaan anak jalanan tidak hanya diberikan stimulant berupa uang dan makanan yang cukup, tetapi harus diberikan “kail” untuk meningkatkan keterampilannya. Salah satu bentuk keterampilan yang perlu diberikan kepada anak jalanan adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan membuat kerajinan tangan. Komunitas Anak Jalanan (SSC) Sidoarjo merupakan sekumpulan anak muda yang merekut anak jalanan untuk diajak belajar bersama guna diberikan ketrampilan guna meningkatkan perekonomiannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran dengan mengadopsi model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 anak di Sidoarjo. Mitra dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Komunitas Anak Jalanan (SSC) Sidoarjo. Analisis data kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menghitung gaincore. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat dilakukan peningkatan taraf hidup dengan membuat produk kerajinan sebesar 80,7 dalam kategori sangat baik, menghasilkan produk dengan nilai tinggi 79,5 dalam kategori baik, sikap berani berwirausaha. 71,6 kategori baik, dan rencana. Untuk masa depan 82,9 dalam kategori sangat baik. Sedangkan peningkatan kreativitas anak pada empat kegiatan yaitu pembelajaran menggambar dan melukis meningkat sebesar 0,61 pada kategori sedang, pembelajaran membuat plastisin pada kategori tinggi meningkat sebesar 0,71, pembelajaran berbicara pada kategori sedang meningkat sebesar 0,68, dan pembelajaran menulis dan bercerita pada kategori sedang meningkat sebesa 0,65. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan secara umum bahwa pemberdayaan dalam Komunitas Save Street Child (SSC) dapat meningkatkan Taraf Hidup Anak Jalanan
Sosialisasi Dan Pelatihan Sistem Informasi Pemasaran Digital UMKM Desa Olele Kecamatan Kabila Bone
Authors: Padiku Indhitya R , Dangkua Eka Vickraeian , Muthia Muthia
Published: July 2021

Desa Olele adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Kabila Bone Kabupaten Bone Bolango yang memiliki berbagai macam potensi terutama potensi wisata bahari dan juga barang yang bisa dipromosikan. Namun demikian, jika dinilai dari segi pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, maka potensi ini masih perlu dikelola lebih baik lagi dengan cara memanfaatkan teknologi informasi untuk melakukan publikasi ataupun pemasaran secara digital. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam mengelola dan mempromosikan potensi serta memasarkan hasil-hasil sumber daya alam ataupun sumber daya manusia di Desa Olele. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga bertujuan untuk memudahkan aparat desa dalam mengelola administrasi kependudukan melalui implementasi sistem informasi desa. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah Sosialasasi dan pelatihan bagi aparat desa maupun masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian berlangsung dengan sukses dan mendapatkan apresiasi yang sangat baik dari pemerintah desa dan masyarakat.
Pelatihan Dan Pendampingan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Potensi Desa (Sipodes) Untuk Ketahanan Desa Di Masa Pandemi COVID19
Authors: Pakaya Nikmasari , Koniyo Moh Hidayat , Lahay Sri Nilawaty
Published: July 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada perputaran roda perekonomian baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan di seluruh wilayah termasuk di wilayah Provinsi Gorontalo. Terhadap masalah yang dihadapi desa, perlu untuk dilakukan solusi yang membantu mendukung pengembangan potensi desa untuk penguatan masyarakat dan perekonomian desa. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diusulkan sebagai upaya untuk membantu pemerintah desa untuk mengembangkan potensi desa baik potensi Sumber Daya Alam maupun Sumber Daya Manusia untuk memperkuat perekonomian desa di masa pandemik. Pelatihan dan pendampingan penggunaan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Potensi Desa diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat desa untuk dapat memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi untuk pengembangan potensi desa yang lebih inovatif di masa pandemi dan pasca pandemi. Selain itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan juga mampu mengingkatkan kecakapan sumber daya manusia dalam mengoperasikan layanan berbasis elektronis.
Pengembangan Desa Kreatif Melalui Implementasi Program Kampus Merdeka-Merdeka Belajar dan Hilirisasi Riset
Authors: Sudana I Wayan , Naini Ulin
Published: July 2021

Salah satu indikator utama dari desa kreatif adalah berkembangnya industri kreatif di desa bersangkutan. Oleh karena itu, untuk membangun desa kreatif harus diawali dengan pengembangan industri kreatif. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membangun desa kreatif melalui pengembangan industri kreatif subsektor kerajinan dengan menerapkan hasil penelitian (hilirisasi riset) dosen. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan (workshop) melalui tahap: sosialisasi program dan perekrutan peserta, pembekalan wawasan seni kerajinan, pembentukan produk-produk seni kerajinan, finishing, serta promosi dan pemasaran produk. Hasil yang dicapai adalah: 1) meningkatkan jumlah masyarakat yang terlibat dalam pengembangan industri kreatif subsektor kerajinan; 2) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam memproduksi produk-produk seni kerajinan; 3) meningkatnya apresiasi dan konsumsi masyarakat terhadap produk-produk seni kerajinan. Disimpulkan, bahwa melalui pengembangan industri kreatif berpeluang untuk dibangun desa kreatif.
Eficiência no uso de água: Brasil e um panorama internacional
Authors: C. Visentin Jaqueline , Szigethy Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Muito se fala sobre o papel das tecnologias no uso dos recursos naturais de forma eficiente e, com a implementação da Agenda 2030, o tema ganhou ainda mais relevância. Este texto visa apresentar um panorama da eficiência no uso de água pelo mundo, reunindo informações através de uma comparação internacional utilizando o indicador
“Alterações na Eficiência do Uso da Água” do Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) 6 (meta 6.4). Espera-se que este possa ser um primeiro passo para estudos futuros que avaliem a possibilidade de implementação de tecnologias eficientes no uso dos recursos hídricos baseadas em experiências internacionais.
Investir em inovação é garantir o futuro
Authors: De Negri João Alberto i
Published: July 2021

Para crescer de forma mais robusta e tornar-se uma economia competitiva, o Brasil precisa investir no mínimo 2% do seu PIB em P&D para emparelhar com as economias mais competitivas. Os dados relativos às 2.500 empresas que mais investem em P&D no mundo mostram que os EUA têm uma posição estável na participação percentual da P&D mundial, de aproximadamente 38%, em 2019, nesse grupo de empresas. A participação das europeias tem se reduzido e caiu de 30%, em 2014, para 25%, em 2019. A participação das empresas brasileiras foi de apenas 0,12% em 2019, e tem apresentado uma tendência declinante, pois em 2016 esta participação era de 0,22%. A participação da China no P&D mundial saltou de 7%, de 2014 para 2016, para 12%, em 2019. É fundamental que o Brasil melhore o ambiente de competição, aperfeiçoe a infraestrutura de produção, diminua a burocracia, mude regulamentos, e melhore o ambiente de investimentos em inovação. O Brasil tem um núcleo tecnológico formado por empresas líderes que são capazes de acelerar o desenvolvimento de novos produtos e processos.
TD 2670 - As consequências do desemprego para os rendimentos de reemprego: uma análise para diferentes condições do mercado de trabalho
Authors: Reis Maurício Cortez
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as consequências das transições do emprego para o desemprego sobre os rendimentos dos trabalhadores no Brasil, comparando os resultados em diferentes contextos do mercado de trabalho. As evidências encontradas por meio de dados longitudinais da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) para o período entre 2012 e 2017 sugerem que essas transições, quando a situação do mercado de trabalho é mais favorável, se relacionam com reduções pequenas e em muitos casos não signifi cativas nos rendimentos dos que conseguem se reempregar no intervalo de um ano. O mesmo tipo de transição nos períodos em que a situação do mercado de trabalho é desfavorável, porém, tem como consequência perdas nos rendimentos entre 10% e 15%, de acordo com as estimativas. Uma parte dessas perdas se deve ao fl uxo mais intenso para empregos informais que geralmente ocorre nesses períodos.
Refinement of Open Educational Resources through rigorous theoretical examination
Authors: Molepo Mahlaga
Published: July 2021

The University of the Free State (UFS) Libraries have introduced open educational resources (OER) as a tool for the promotion of open access to science. However, the creation as well as the use of OER amongst lectures, researchers, students and librarians remain low. Discussion forums can be helpful in opening up the debate on the pros and cons of OER.

The researcher recently submitted a letter on the ‘Refinement of Open Educational Resources through rigorous theoretical examination’, and it was accepted and published. The researcher is currently engaging with scholars and academics from all over the world in a discussion worth participation. All staff members in the Faculty of Theology and Religion at the UFS were invited to participate. The discussion will be open for the next 3 months beginning 21 July 2021 next to the published letter on Academia Letters.

Academia Letters is a new experiment in academic publishing. The platform aims to publish short-form articles such as brief reports, case studies, “orphaned’ findings, and ideas dropped from previously published work.
Star Formation in a Strongly Magnetized Cloud
Authors: Cheng Yu , Tan Jonathan C. , Caselli Paola , Fissel Laura , Arce Héctor G. , Fontani Francesco , Goodson Matthew D. , Liu Mengyao , Galitzki Nicholas
Published: July 2021

We study star formation in the Center Ridge 1 (CR1) clump in the Vela C giant molecular cloud, selected as a high column density region that shows the lowest level of dust continuum polarization-angle dispersion, likely indicating that the magnetic field is relatively strong. We observe the source with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 7 m array at 1.05 and 1.3 mm wavelengths, which enable measurements of dust temperature, core mass, and astrochemical deuteration. A relatively modest number of 11 dense cores are identified via their dust continuum emission, with masses spanning from 0.17–6.7 

M

⊙

. Overall CR1 has a relatively low compact dense gas fraction compared with other typical clouds with similar column densities, which may be a result of the strong magnetic field and/or the very early evolutionary stage of this region. The deuteration ratios,

D

frac

, of the cores, measured with

N

2

H

+

(3-2) and

N

2

D

+

(3-2) lines, span from 0.011–0.85, with the latter being one of the highest values yet detected. The level of deuteration appears to decrease with evolution from prestellar to protostellar phase. A linear filament, running approximately parallel with the large scale magnetic field orientation, is seen connecting the two most massive cores, each having CO bipolar outflows aligned orthogonally to the filament. The filament contains the most deuterated core, likely to be prestellar and located midway between the protostars. The observations permit measurement of the full deuteration structure of the filament along its length, which we present. We also discuss the kinematics and dynamics of this structure, as well as of the dense core population.
Thermal Emission and Radioactive Lines, but No Pulsar, in the Broadband X-Ray Spectrum of Supernova 1987A
Authors: Alp Dennis , Larsson Josefin , Fransson Claes
Published: July 2021

Supernova 1987A offers a unique opportunity to study an evolving supernova in unprecedented detail over several decades. The X-ray emission is dominated by interactions between the ejecta and the circumstellar medium, primarily the equatorial ring (ER). We analyze 3.3 Ms of NuSTAR data obtained between 2012 and 2020, and two decades of XMM-Newton data. Since ∼2013, the flux below 2 keV has declined, the 3–8 keV flux has increased but has started to flatten, and the emission above 10 keV has remained nearly constant. The spectra are well described by a model with three thermal shock components. Two components at 0.3 and 0.9 keV are associated with dense clumps in the ER, and a 4 keV component may be a combination of emission from diffuse gas in the ER and the surrounding low-density H ii region. We disfavor models that involve nonthermal X-ray emission and place constraints on nonthermal components, but cannot firmly exclude an underlying power law. Radioactive lines show a

44

Ti

redshift of

670

−
380

+
520

km

s

−
1

,

44

Ti

mass of

1.73

−
0.29

+
0.27

×

10

−
4

M

⊙

, and

55

Fe

mass of

<
4.2
×

10

−
4

M

⊙

. The 35–65 keV luminosity limit on the compact object is

2
×

10

34

 erg s−1, and

<
15
%

of the 10–20 keV flux is pulsed. Considering previous limits, we conclude that there are currently no indications of a compact object, aside from a possible hint of dust heated by a neutron star in recent ALMA images.
Discovery of Two Infrared Objects with Strong Ice Absorption in the Akari Slitless Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic Plane
Authors: Onaka Takashi , Kimura Tomoyuki , Sakon Itsuki , Shimonishi Takashi
Published: July 2021

We discover two infrared objects that show deep absorption features of H2O, CO2, and CO ices in the AKARI/Infrared Camera slitless spectroscopic survey of the Galactic plane in 2.5–13 μm. Both objects are neither located in known star-forming regions nor in known dense clouds. For one of the objects, Object 1, we successfully extract spectrum from 2.5–13 μm, which also shows several absorption features in 5–13 μm, including deep silicate absorption at 10 μm. For the other object, Object 2, only spectrum from 3.1–5 μm is reliably extracted due to the presence of nearby overlapping objects and faint nebulosity. Both objects show warm (>100 K) CO gas absorption in addition to the ice absorption features, suggesting that they are embedded young stellar objects (YSOs). On the other hand, both objects have spectral energy distributions (SEDs) that peak at around 5 μm and decrease toward longer wavelengths. These characteristics of the SEDs and the presence of deep absorption features cannot easily be accounted for by standard YSO models. They may be explained as background stars behind dense clouds. We discuss possible nature of the objects and implications of the present discovery.
Hypertension Exercise Videos Reduce Blood Pressure of Hypertension Patients
Authors: Harmilah Harmilah , Palestin Bondan , Ratnawati Ana , Prayogi Agus Sarwo , Susilo Catur Budi
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a symptom of a cardiovascular degenerative disease that is mostly experienced by the elderly and cause is not certain. However, the reduction of blood pressure with drugs and non drugs can reduce damage to target organs and prevent cardiovascular diseases.
AIM: Identified the effect of hypertension exercise videos of lowering blood pressure.
METHODS:  The type of research that has been used is quasi experimental with Pretest and Posttest design with control group. The sampling technique used was random sampling, the number of samples was 30 samples which were the treatment group and 30 samples were control the control group. The data analysis used  was the T test and Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test.
RESULTS:  The mean reduction in systolic blood  pressure in respondents who did exercise  was 13.67 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 10.57, while the mean  in systolic  blood  pressure in respondents who did not exercise was 0.50 mmHg  a pressure were 40.95 in the group of respondents who did hypertension exercise with p value =0.000.This mean that there is significant difference, in the mean reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between respondents those who do exercise.
CONCLUSION. Hypertension exercise video reduce blood pressure of hypertension patients.
Economic costs of biological invasions within North America
Authors: Crystal-Ornelas Robert , Hudgins Emma J. , Cuthbert Ross N. , Haubrock Phillip J. , Fantle-Lepczyk Jean , Angulo Elena , Kramer Andrew M. , Ballesteros-Mejia Liliana , Leroy Boris , Leung Brian , López-López Eugenia , Diagne Christophe , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Invasive species can have severe impacts on ecosystems, economies, and human health. Though the economic impacts of invasions provide important foundations for management and policy, up-to-date syntheses of these impacts are lacking. To produce the most comprehensive estimate of invasive species costs within North America (including the Greater Antilles) to date, we synthesized economic impact data from the recently published InvaCost database. Here, we report that invasions have cost the North American economy at least US$ 1.26 trillion between 1960 and 2017. Economic costs have climbed over recent decades, averaging US$ 2 billion per year in the early 1960s to over US$ 26 billion per year in the 2010s. Of the countries within North America, the United States (US) had the highest recorded costs, even after controlling for research effort within each country ($5.81 billion per cost source in the US). Of the taxa and habitats that could be classified in our database, invasive vertebrates were associated with the greatest costs, with terrestrial habitats incurring the highest monetary impacts. In particular, invasive species cumulatively (from 1960–2017) cost the agriculture and forestry sectors US$ 527.07 billion and US$ 34.93 billion, respectively. Reporting issues (e.g., data quality or taxonomic granularity) prevented us from synthesizing data from all available studies. Furthermore, very few of the known invasive species in North America had reported economic costs. Therefore, while the costs to the North American economy are massive, our US$ 1.26 trillion estimate is likely very conservative. Accordingly, expanded and more rigorous economic cost reports are necessary to provide more comprehensive invasion impact estimates, and then support data-based management decisions and actions towards species invasions.
Economic costs of biological invasions in Asia
Authors: Liu Chunlong , Diagne Christophe , Angulo Elena , Banerjee Achyut-Kumar , Chen Yifeng , Cuthbert Ross N. , Haubrock Phillip J. , Kirichenko Natalia , Pattison Zarah , Watari Yuya , Xiong Wen , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Invasive species have caused severe impacts on biodiversity and human society. Although the estimation of environmental impacts caused by invasive species has increased in recent years, economic losses associated with biological invasions are only sporadically estimated in space and time. In this study, we synthesized the losses incurred by invasions in Asia, based on the most comprehensive database of economic costs of invasive species worldwide, including 560 cost records for 88 invasive species in 22 countries. We also assessed the differences in economic costs across taxonomic groups, geographical regions and impacted sectors, and further identified the major gaps of current knowledge in Asia. Reported economic costs of biological invasions were estimated between 1965 and 2017, and reached a total of US$ 432.6 billion (2017 value), with dramatic increases in 2000–2002 and in 2004. The highest costs were recorded for terrestrial ectotherms, for species estimated in South Asia, and for species estimated at the country level, and were related to more than one impacted sector. Two taxonomic groups with the highest reported costs were insects and mammals, and two countries with the highest costs were India and China. Non-English data covered all of 12 taxonomic groups, whereas English data only covered six groups, highlighting the importance of considering data from non-English sources to have a more comprehensive estimation of economic costs associated with biological invasions. However, we found that the estimation of economic costs was lacking for most Asian countries and for more than 96% of introduced species in Asia. Further, the estimation is heavily biased towards insects and mammals and is very limited concerning expenditures on invasion management. To optimize the allocation of limited resources, there is an important need to better and more widely study the economic costs of invasive alien species. In this way, improved cost reporting and more collaborations between scientists and stakeholders are needed across Asia.
Economic costs of biological invasions in terrestrial ecosystems in Russia
Authors: Kirichenko Natalia , Haubrock Phillip J. , Cuthbert Ross N. , Akulov Evgeny , Karimova Elena , Shneider Yuri , Liu Chunlong , Angulo Elena , Diagne Christophe , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Terrestrial ecosystems, owing to the presence of key socio-economic sectors such as agriculture and forestry, may be particularly economically affected by biological invasions. The present study uses a subset of the recently developed database of global economic costs of biological invasions (InvaCost) to quantify the monetary costs of biological invasions in Russia, the largest country in the world that spans two continents. From 2007 up to 2019, invasions costed the Russian economy at least US$ 51.52 billion (RUB 1.38 trillion, n = 94 cost entries), with the vast majority of these costs based on predictions or extrapolations (US$ 50.86 billion; n = 87) and, therefore, not empirically observed. Most cost entries exhibited low geographic resolution, being split between European and Asian parts of Russia (US$ 44.17 billion; n = 72). Just US$ 7.35 billion (n = 22) was attributed to the European part solely and none to the Asian part. Invasion costs were documented for 72 species and particularly insects (37 species). The empirically-observed costs, summing up to US$ 660 million (n = 7), were reported only for four species: two insects Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire and Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) and two plants Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden. The vast majority of economic costs were related to resource damages and economic losses, with very little reported expenditures on managing invasions in terrestrial ecosystems. In turn, agriculture (US$ 37.42 billion; n = 68) and forestry (US$ 14.0 billion; n = 20) were the most impacted sectors. Overall, we report burgeoning economic costs of invasions in Russia and identify major knowledge gaps, for example, concerning specific habitat types (i.e. aquatic) and management expenditures, as well as for numerous known invasive taxa with no reported economic costs (i.e. vertebrates). Given this massive, largely underestimated economic burden of invasions in Russia, our work is a call for improved reporting of costs nationally and internationally.
The economic costs of biological invasions in Brazil: a first assessment
Authors: Adelino José Ricardo Pires , Heringer Gustavo , Diagne Christophe , Courchamp Franck , Faria Lucas Del Bianco , Zenni Rafael Dudeque
Published: July 2021

Biological invasions are one of the leading causes of global environmental change and their impacts can affect biodiversity, ecosystem services, human health and the economy. Yet, the understanding on the impacts of invasive alien species is still limited and mostly related to alien species outbreaks and losses in agricultural yield, followed by the understanding of the ecological impacts on natural systems. Notably, the economic impacts of biological invasions have rarely been quantified. Brazil has at least 1214 known alien species from which 460 are recognized as invasive alien species. Still, there are no comprehensive estimates of the cost of their impact and management. Here, we aimed at filling this gap by providing a comprehensive estimate of the economic cost of biological invasions in Brazil. In order to quantify these costs for species, ecosystems and human well-being we used the InvaCost database which is the first global compilation of the economic costs of biological invasions. We found that Brazil reportedly spent a minimum of USD 105.53 billions over 35 years (1984–2019), with an average spent of USD 3.02 (± 9.8) billions per year. Furthermore, USD 104.33 billion were due to damages and losses caused by invaders, whereas only USD 1.19 billion were invested in their management (prevention, control or eradication). We also found that recorded costs were unevenly distributed across ecosystems, and socio-economic sectors, and were rarely evaluated and published. We found that the economic costs with losses and damages were substantially greater than those used for prevention, control or eradication of IAS. Since our data show costs reported in Brazil for only 16 invasive alien species, our estimates are likely a conservative minimum of the actual economic costs of biological invasions in Brazil. Taken together, they indicate that invasive alien species are an important cause of economic losses and that Brazil has mostly opted for paying for the damage incurred by biological invasions rather than investing in preventing them from happening.