bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Tingkat Efisiensi Waktu Query SELECT pada Database Interface Navicat dan SQLYog di MySQL DBMS
Authors: Fathulloh Ahnaf Hadi , Adauwiyah Hofifah Isma
Published: April 2022

Memudahkan dalam mengoperasikan database MySQL tentunya diperlukan aplikasi pendukung yang memiliki query response time yang cepat agar dapat mengefisiensikan waktu. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran performa query select pada database MySQL dengan aplikasi database Navicat dan juga SQLYog dengan jumlah record data 50, 100, 500, 1000, dan 5000. Query yang diuji adalah DML (Data Manipulation Language), yaitu select. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan analisis perbandingan efisiensi waktu dari query select yang dilakukan pada aplikasi database Navicat dan SQLYog. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa query select pada aplikasi database Navicat terbukti mempunyai tingkat efisiensi waktu yang lebih tinggi (response time yang lebih cepat) dibandingkan dengan SQLYog dalam pengujian record data 50 yaitu sebesar 0.0028 detik, pada record data 100 yaitu sebesar 0.0041 detik, pada record data 500 yaitu 0.0153 detik, pada record data 1000 yaitu 0.0274 detik, dan pada record data 5000 yaitu 0.1318 detik.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Persediaan Bahan Habis Pakai (BHP)
Authors: Hasanuddin Ayub
Published: April 2022

Pengelolaan persediaan barang yang baik merupakan hal yang krusial demi terlaksananya kinerja operasional yang optimal oleh suatu instansi. Salah satu instansi yang perlu pengelolaan persediaan barang adalah perguruan tinggi atau universitas. Pusat Laboratorium Terpadu (PLT) merupakan sebuah instansi di bawah Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta memberikan akomodasi bagi pengguna dalam melakukan kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan & pengajaran, penelitian, serta pengabdian masyarakat. Setiap kegiatan yang dilakukan di dalam PLT UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. Laboratorium diharuskan memiliki persediaan bahan/barang habis pakai (BHP) yang mencukupi guna mengakomodasi para penggunanya. Permasalahan yang ada saat ini adalah pengelolaan BHP masih menggunakan cara manual sehingga sering terjadi keterlambatan pelaporan stok BHP yang menyebabkan sering terjadinya overstock maupun stockout yang membuat pelayanan PLT tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis dari sistem pengelolaan persediaan BHP saat ini, kemudian dari hasil analisis tersebut dijadikan acuan dalam merancang serta membangun sistem informasi bahan habis pakai berbasis web. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) dengan model waterfall dan menggunakan tools (Unified Modelling Language) UML dalam pemodelan sistem. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah sistem informasi persediaan yang dapat membantu mengatasi permasalahan berupa keterlambatan laporan persediaan BHP karena persediaan BHP dapat diketahui secara realtime sehingga diharapkan dapat mengurangi terjadinya overstock maupun stockout BHP.
Analisis Efektifitas Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Pada UPT Pustipada UIN Sumatera Utara Menggunakan COBIT 4.1
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Isya , Nasution Muhammad Irwan Padli , Andriana Septiana Dewi
Published: April 2022

PUSTIPANDA merupakan pusat teknologi informasi dan pangkalan data UIN Sumatera Utara Medan, yang mempunyai tugas untuk mengumpulkan, mengolah, menyajikan serta memberikan layanan data dan informasi untuk pendidikan, penelitian, dan pengabdian masyarakat pada lingkungan akademik UIN Sumatera Utara Medan. Sejauh ini Pustipada belum memiliki acuan baku dalam upaya meningkatkan tata kelola teknologi informasi (TI). Dalam menjamin keberlanjutan operasional tata kelola TI harus dilaksanakan berdasarkan kegunaan, tujuan dan manfaat dari teknologi tersebut, karena jika tidak digunakan dengan tepat, maka akan banyak menimbulkan permasalahan seperti kehilangan data, penyalahgunaan perangkat TI, dan penyalahgunaan wewenang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis efektifitas tingkat kematangan menggunakan Cobit 4.1 dengan fokus pada domain Deliver and Support (DS). Tata kelola TI Pustipada berada pada level 2 (repetable but intuitive) yang berarti bahwa proses sudah mulai dilakukan akan tetapi belum dikelola secara formal
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Penderita Rawat Jalan Berbasis Web di Klinik Rancajigang Medika
Authors: Ghiffari Asep Abdussalam
Published: April 2022

Penggunaan komputer telah diterapkan dalam pengarsipan data di Klinik Rancajigang Medika Majalaya Kabupaten Bandung. Komputer juga digunakan untuk menangani proses pendaftaran rawat jalan pasien. Namun dari hasil wawancara terhadap petugas klinik, sistem pendaftaran yang ada masih belum efektif untuk menangani pasien dan data yang diarsip masih sulit untuk diolah. Proses pendaftaran berjalan lamban sehingga membuat pasien harus menunggu lebih lama. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sistem yang bisa menangani proses tersebut secara cepat. Tujuan dari perancangan sistem informasi ini adalah menghasilkan sistem yang dapat menangani pendaftaran pasien lebih cepat dengan tambahan opsi untuk pengolahan data. Pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode Waterfall, dengan menggunakan Data Flow Diagram (DFD) untuk memahami aliran data yang terjadi di Klinik ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi berbasis web yang mempermudah pengolahan data dan meningkatkan kinerja dari software sebelumnya.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Spasial Berbasis Web Persebaran Lokasi Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak
Authors: Fitra Reza Khairul
Published: April 2022

Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Perlindungan Anak, dan Pengendalian Penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta berdasarkan Peraturan Gubernur Provinsi DKI Jakarta Nomor 54 Tahun 2015 memiliki peranan sebagai Tim Pelaksana untuk melakukan pengelolaan dan pengawasan ruang publik terpadu ramah anak. Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak sangat berguna bagi masyarakat akan tetapi belum tersedianya informasi mengenai manajemen pengelolaan dan infromasi terkait lokasi RPTRA yang berada disekitar kawasannya maupun kawasan lain secara spasial dengan tepat, cepat, dan detail. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan menghasilkan sistem informasi mengenai persebaran lokasi ruang publik terpadu ramah anak dalam bentuk peta secara digital sehingga dapat meninjau lokasi dari ruang publik terpadu ramah anak. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pengumpulan data dan metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode Rapid Application Development (RAD) dan menggunakan notasi Unified Modelling Language (UML). Hasil penelitian ini berupa sebuah Informasi Spasial Berbasis Web Persebaran Lokasi Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak (Studi Kasus : Provinsi DKI Jakarta) yang dapat membantu Dinas PPPAPP Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam pengelolaan data maupun media registrasi pendaftaran bagi para Mitra (Perusahaan) yang akan melakukan kerjasama dalam bentuk membangun RPTRA. Hasil yang didapat dengan adanya Sistem Informasi ini adalah mampu memberikan solusi terhadap masyarakat maupun wisatawan dalam mencari informasi mengenai persebaran lokasi RPTRA yang berada di Jakarta sehingga masyarakat tidak akan ada kendala dalam mencari informasi tempat di daerah tersebut.
Pengembangan E-Business dengan Konsep Customer Relationship Management (CRM) PT. Putra Wisana Motorrad
Authors: Yuanto Eka Novah , Lati suro Sarwoto Wijoyo
Published: April 2022

PT. Putra Wisana Motorrad adalah sebuah perusahaan otomotif yang bergerak di bidang services, reparasi dan onderdil untuk kendaraan motor. E-Business dengan konsep CRM adalah strategi bisnis yang menguntungkan perusahaan dengan mengintegrasikan seluruh proses bisnis dan manajemen hubungan pelanggan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun E-Business dengan konsep CRM, dengan menerapakan teknik pengembangan Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) yang merupakan analisis syarat/keperluan yang harus dipenuhi dari sudut pandang kelas dan objek dalam ruang lingkup serta fokus arsitektur software pada manipulasi objek PT. Putra Wisana Motorrad. Teknik ini meliputi 4 tahap yaitu: fase Inception, Elaboration, Construction dan Transition dengan UML (Unified Modelling Language), diagram yang digunakan yaitu: use case diagram, class diagram, activity diagram, dan sequence diagram. Hasil penelitian ini adalah E-Business dengan konsep CRM mampu sebagai fasilitas bagi customer dan administrator perusahaan berdasarkan pengujian blackbox testing terhadap fungsi atau fitur spesifik yang ada
Strategy for IT-Business Alignment in a Higher Education Institution Using Initial Fit-HR Model
Authors: Fitroh Fitroh , Zulfiandri Zulfiandri , Safitri Isnaini Monita , Rahayu Puji , Lubis Amany Burhanuddin Umar , Aisy Rohadatul , Ikhlayel Mohammed
Published: April 2022

IT-business alignment (ITBA) is the development of a Strategic Alignment Model (SAM), which was introduced some decades ago, and is still the most critical issue for top management. This study proposes the Initial FIT-HR model in mapping specific components indicators that align HR in carrying out business processes for higher education institutions (HEI) in Indonesia. Previously, research had studied the alignment of HR management with IT to suit the Tri Dharma of Higher Education towards World-Class University. Meanwhile, the methodology used a mixed-method (with interview techniques, questionnaires, and focus group discussion FGD), which went through 3 phases: identification and determination of indicators, the initial design phase of the model, and validation. The results after the FGD process showed that four indicators (out of 40 based on 20 papers) were invalid in mapping specific components due to the different opinions of the participants. Therefore, in future work, the Islamic concepts to the proposed modeling. In addition, this study produced an initial model that collaborated the BITA concept with tree science as an approach to be applied by the higher education industry.
Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan Madrasah Berbasis Web dengan Metode Rapid Application Development
Authors: Lathifah Ari , Sugiarti Yuni
Published: April 2022

Pengelolaan perpustakaan saat ini di MAN 1 Kota Tangerang masih menerapkan sistem manual sehingga terdapat kendala, salah satunya kesulitan dalam proses manajemen informasi. Oleh karena itu, agar pekerjaan dapat lebih efektif dan efisien serta untuk meminimalisasi permasalahan, sistem yang terkomputerisasi penting untuk diterapkan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah menganalisis dan merancang sistem informasi perpustakaan untuk pengelolaan, penyimpanan & pendistribusian buku elektronik. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rapid Application Development (RAD) dengan menggunakan pendekatan pemrograman berorientasi objek. Hasil dari penulisan ini adalah perancangan sebuah sistem informasi perpustakaan berbasis web yang mampu mengelola keanggotaan, pengadaan dan pengelolaan koleksi, sirkulasi peminjaman dan pengembalian buku.
Defectos óseos segmentarios: uso de implantes de titanio trabecular diseñados a medida
Authors: Beatti Matías A. , Zublin Guerra Carlos M. , Guichet Diego M. , Pellecchia Tomás S.
Published: April 2022

Introducción: Se dispone de una amplia variedad de opciones terapéuticas para la reconstrucción de defectos óseos segmentarios causados por fracturas, tumores o infecciones, pero aún es un desafío en la cirugía ortopédica.

Materiales y Métodos: Se presentan seis casos de pacientes con pérdida ósea masiva tratados mediante lo que denominamos “combinación sinérgica” de una membrana inducida para aportar beneficios biológicos, más un andamiaje (scaffold) de titanio trabecular desarrollado especialmente, según cada paciente, para el aporte de estabilidad y estructura.

Resultados: Cinco hombres y una mujer (edad promedio 30 años) fueron operados con esta técnica. El seguimiento promedio fue de 24 meses. En el posoperatorio inmediato, se logró el restablecimiento del eje, la longitud y la estabilidad mecánica suficiente para iniciar la carga parcial. La carga total, según las condiciones del paciente (dolor, fuerza muscular), demandó un promedio de 25 a 30 días.

Conclusiones: Proponemos una opción de tratamiento poco frecuente en nuestro medio que brinda estabilidad biomecánica suficiente para tolerar la carga precoz recuperando la longitud total del defecto en un solo acto, con excelentes resultados funcionales, entendiendo estas como ventajas frente a las opciones terapéuticas de uso tradicional, como transporte o técnica de Masquelet.
Puntajes I
Authors: Bersusky Ernesto , Arzac Ulla Ignacio , Loterzo Lidia G. , Ricciardi Guillermo , Zanotti Gerardo , Patiño Juan Martín
Published: April 2022

El Comité Editorial quiere brindar a sus lectores una actualización de las escalas de uso corriente. El empleo de tablas y escalas es una práctica muy extendida en la Ortopedia y Traumatología. La medición y la cuantificación de los aspectos clínicos, funcionales y radiográficos se convirtieron en una herramienta imprescindible para la toma de decisiones en diferentes aspectos de la actividad asistencial. Llevamos a cabo una revisión de las escalas más utilizadas, definiendo su uso e incluyendo bibliografía original y actualizada.
SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN NORTHEASTERN BULGARIA BY CREATING AND IMPLEMENTING A SOFTWARE PRODUCT FOR MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCERS
Authors: Slavova G. , Stoev S.
Published: April 2022

A large portion of the territory of Bulgaria, more than 80%, falls within the so-called rural areas. The situation is similar with the European Union, with more than 85% of its territory falling within these specific areas, whereas rural areas in the United States of America encompass more than 90% of the territory of the states. Naturally certain nuance differences exist in the definitions that different countries in the world use to define an area as a rural area and this report reviews these specifics. A portion of these particular activities are related to the development of livestock breeding and the production of milk and dairy derivatives.
The purpose of this report is to encompass and analyze the advantages of the creation, the implementation and approbation of software product in the production and processing of milk and dairy products in Northeastern Bulgaria.
Several main conclusions have been made in the scientific report, with the general conclusion being that on the basis of the computer program developed and implemented in practice, an easier method of work is ensured, while taking into account the specific pre-production and production processes, as well as processing operations in the area of dairy production and the creation of complete dairy products with added value.
SHADOW ECONOMY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT – AN ARGUMENT IN FAVOR OF FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION
Authors: Petranov S.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the regional aspects of the shadow economy in Bulgaria. The main factors that generate motivation for shadow practices are considered and it is concluded that they operate mainly at the national level. It follows that measures to limit and prevent this phenomenon should be primarily national. However, the article argues that regional policies can also be used in this regard. A moderate fiscal decentralization can help to increase the tax morality which is one of the most slowly changing and most intractable factors generating motivation for the implementation of shadow practices. It is also argued that fiscal decentralization in Bulgaria has the potential to improve other aspects of the economic system.
COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY IN BULGARIA AFTER THE EU ACCESSION AND IN TIMES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Zhelev P.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the changes in Bulgaria’s competitiveness in the textile and clothing (T&C) industry after the European Union accession and in times of the coronavirus pandemic covering the period 2007-2020. In methodological terms the study uses various indicators including production value, employment, labour productivity, relative trade balance, revealed comparative advantage index, among others. Wherever possible the analysis is done in a comparative perspective benchmarking the performance of the sector in Bulgaria with that in Romania. The results show that the Bulgarian T&C industry has undergone a significant transformation in the last two decades increasing its productivity but being subject to significant jobs downsizing. While still competitive on the European market, with rising wages and production costs, the comparative advantages of the industry are gradually eroding. The coronavirus pandemic has hit the apparel subsector very hard while some textile producers which managed to shift their production to personal protective equipment items managed it successfully. However, this is a temporary solution. The T&C industry in Bulgaria is confronted with significant long-term challenges such as the green and the digital transformation, and the how it deals with them will determine the prospects of the sector.
INTERNET MARKETING: MODERN ADVERTISING MODELS FOR REACHING NEW CUSTOMERS
Authors: Kolyandov S. , Radev R.
Published: April 2022

The establishment of the Internet has offered new models for the world economy. Web advertising is destined to adjust to this fast improvement of online business. The web showcasing is turning into a hotly debated issue in each business organization and progressively assumes a genuinely significant part in any organization's multi-channel advertising methodology. In any case, how to apply Internet promoting particularly how to use it to draw in more guests to a specific site is as yet an unavoidable issue for various companies. The two primary reasons for this examination are to bring an overall image of the Internet showcasing of business to its per-users and delve into how to drive traffic to the site.
The article utilizing a subjective exploration strategy, in the meantime quantitative technique, is utilized to gather significant information supporting the contextual investigation examination. The viability of the securing cycle is tried in any case, all exercises of obtaining a cycle ought to be joined and executed persistently to augment quality customers. The fundamental motivations behind this publication are to secure new clients, convert them into purchasers, and cause them to become ordinary clients.
High Levels of PD-L1+ and Hyal2+ Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kusmartsev Sergei , Kwenda Elizabeth , Dominguez-Gutierrez Paul R. , Crispen Paul L. , O’Malley Padraic
Published: April 2022

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients frequently have increased number of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in circulation. High number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the blood are associated with immune suppression as well as with cancer-related inflammation which drives the mobilization of myeloid cells to tumor tissue. Here, we show that peripheral blood from a previously untreated RCC patient has increased the number of monocytic CD33+CD11b+ MDSCs, which also co-expressed PD-L1 and membrane-bound enzyme hyaluronidase 2 (Hyal2). PD-L1 expression is associated with immune suppression, whereas expression of Hyal2 is associated with inflammation, because Hyal2+ myeloid cells can degrade the extracellular hyaluronan (HA), leading to the accumulation of pro-inflammatory HA fragments with low molecular weight. These findings implicate the potential involvement of monocytic MDSCs in both tumor-associated immune suppression and cancer-related inflammation. Analysis of organotypic tumor-tissue slice cultures prepared from cancer tissue of the same patient revealed the significant presence of PD-L1+ HLA-DR+ macrophage-like or dendritic cell-like antigen-presenting cells in tumor stroma. Interestingly, stroma-associated PD-L1+ cells frequently have intracellular hyaluronan. Collectively, data presented in this study suggest that the interplay between tumor-recruited myeloid cells and stromal HA may contribute to the inflammation and immune tolerance in kidney cancer.
FRAGILIDADE FÍSICA EM IDOSOS E A RELAÇÃO COM ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Leta Patrícia Rosa Gonçalves , Lenardt Maria Helena , Betiolli Susanne Elero , Filho Jarbas Melo , Barbiero Márcia Marrocos Aristides , Binotto Maria Angélica
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analisar o panorama atual da produção científica (inter) nacional acerca da fragilidade física em idosos e a relação com atividade física e exercício físico. Método: revisão integrativa da literaturarealizada nos portais e base de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, National Library of Medicine – Pubmed e Cochrane Library. Utilizou-se estratégia única em inglês para os descritores e as palavras-chave, e foram selecionados 46 artigos para compor o corpus da revisão integrativa. Os artigos selecionados também foram classificados quanto ao nível de evidência. Resultados: observou-se associação entre diminuição de atividade física e fragilidade em idosos. A diminuição de atividade física foi considerada preditora de fragilidade, por sua vez, a fragilidade pode mediar a diminuição de atividade física. O exercício físico previne e trata a fragilidade física em idosos. Conclusão: a atividade física / exercícios exercem forte influência na condição de fragilidade em idosos. A diminuição de atividade física interfere no agravamento da fragilidade, e a prática dos exercícios físicos é capaz de prevenir e reverter a fragilidade. Esta revisão integrativa da literatura contribui para fundamentar as práticas gerontológicas que visem o incentivo à atividade física e ao exercício físico frente aos benefícios na condição de fragilidade.
The Prediction of Ovarian Reserve Changes after Cystectomy in Patients with Endometrioma Using the Point Scale System
Authors: Dubinskaya Ekaterina D. , Gasparov Alexander S. , Dutov Alexander A. , Orazov Mekan R. , Soyunov Mukhammednazar A.
Published: April 2022

Background. Ovarian endometriosis has the most aggressive effect on the ovarian reserve compared to other types of benign ovarian neoplasms. Laparoscopic cystectomy with pathomorphological verification remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of endometriosis in clinical practice. It is the lack of clear criteria for predicting damage to the ovarian reserve after surgical treatment and the future reproductive potential of a woman, as well as the inability to personalize treatment, that determined the purpose and objectives of this study. Aims to develop a score scale for predicting changes in the ovarian reserve after cystectomy in ovarian endometriosis based on a comprehensive preoperative assessment of basic clinical, ultrasound, and molecular-biochemical parameters. Materials and methods. A single-center observational cohort prospective comparative study was conducted for 5 years. The study included 238 women aged 24.4 3.1 years with pathomorphologically verified ovarian endometriosis, who came to the clinic with complaints of pain of varying intensity. Results. The content of anti-Muller hormone (AMH) less than 1.5 ng / ml was significantly highly correlated with the unfavorable outcome of surgery (r=0.723). The largest diameter of the formation more than 5 cm (r=0.826) and its main localization (r=0.743) correlated most strongly with a decrease in HR and intraovarian blood flow after cystectomy. The ROC analysis (receiver operating characteristic) and the evaluation of the area under the curve the AUC indicator (area under ROC curve) revealed that the determining value of the cut off point for serum LDH was 107.35 U/l, for IL-8 94.55 pg/ml and IL-6 82.4 pg/ml, with an increase in which the probability of reducing AMH increases by more than 50%. Conclusions. The point scale system including preoperative assessment of ultrasound parameters (endometrioma size, localization, and bilaterality) and biochemical markers of toxicity in serum helps to predict changes of ovarian reserve after cystectomy (LDH, IL-6, IL-8).
Etiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Secondary Bacterial Infections in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Karnoukh Konstantin I. , Drozdov Vladimir N. , Shikh Evgenia V. , Zhilina Svetlana V. , Lazareva Natalia B.
Published: April 2022

Background. One of the complications in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 is a secondary bacterial infection. Its frequency can reach 15%, which makes it important to determine the etiology and antimicrobial resistance of the key pathogens responsible for the development of this pathology, in order to further improve the practice of prescribing and increase the effectiveness of antimicrobial chemotherapy. Aims to assess the etiological structure and antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens of SBIs to improve the practice of antibiotic prescription. Methods. This retrospective study reviewed medical records of the patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the Moscow city hospital No. 4 between April 28 and November 1, 2020. Demographic, clinical outcomes, etiology, and antimicrobial resistance data of the SBIs were collected. Outcomes were also compared between patients who were classified as severe and critical on admission. Results. Among 3180 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 220 (6.9%) patients had acquired SBIs, and 50.0% of cases were fatal. The mean age was 72.7 13.07 years. A higher mortality rate was observed in the group of critical patients (63%). 560 strains of bacteria isolated from the SBIs (58.8% isolated from lungs, 21% from urine and 20.2% from blood). 330 strains (58.9%) were Gram-negative bacteria. 109 patients had infections with mixed bacteria. 45 of them (20.5% of the total number of patients included in the study) had 2 pathogens, and 64 patients (29.1%) 3 or more strains. The top three bacteria of SBIs were A. baumannii (23.6%; 132/560), K. pneumoniae (22.9%; 128/560), and S. epidermidis (10.4%; 58/560). The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii were 97%. Cefoperazone/sulbactam was the most active antibiotic against this pathogen with 62.1% sensitivity. Among K. pneumoniae strains, the level of resistance to carbapenems was 77.4% to meropenem and 54% to imipenem. The proportion of resistant strains to tigecycline and to colistin was 4 and 2.3% respectively. Meticillin resistance was present in 38.5% of S. aureus. 50% of E. faecium strains were vancomycin-resistant. Conclusions. Gram-negative bacteria, especially A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae, were the main pathogens, and the resistance rates of the major isolated bacteria were generally high, which indicates that more accurate use of antibacterial agents is necessary for SBIs in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
An apparent case of outwardly-sensitive allomorphy in the Armenian definite
Authors: Dolatian Hossep
Published: April 2022

Cross-linguistically, it is rare to find cases of phonologically-conditioned allomorphy where the trigger morpheme lies external or outside the target morpheme. At first sight, the Armenian definite suffix seems to be such a case. The definite suffix uses various surface forms. The choice of surface form is conditioned by the preceding segment, the following clitic, and/or the following word. However, we argue that this outward sensitivity is epiphenomenal and not actual allomorphy. We derive the surface forms by using an abstract underlying representation that uses floating segments or ghost segments. These segments go through rigid cycles of spell-out and phonological strata. Constraint re-rankings of autosegmental docking, phrasal resyllabification, and cluster avoidance explain a range of dialectal variation. In sum, the Armenian definite suffix is one apparent case of outwardly-sensitive allomorphy that is reducible to latent segments.
Diplomat in Khaki
Authors: Bacevich A. J.
Published: April 2022

Hailed by the New York Times as “one of the best soldiers this country has produced,” Frank Ross McCoy was, throughout his distinguished career, much more than just a good soldier. As friend and confidant to such leaders as Theodore Roosevelt, Leonard Wood, and Henry Stimson, he disproves the standard view of the military before 1940 as having no role in American foreign policy. Instead, as A. J. Bacevich ably demonstrates, McCoy was intimately involved in the development of U.S. foreign relations from McKinley’s administration to Truman’s.

McCoy began his military career with Leonard Wood in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. After the war, he and Wood (who became military governor) worked together to establish democratic reforms in Cuba. There followed for McCoy a succession of difficult and sometimes dangerous assignments: The Philippines (during the Moro uprising), Mexico, France (as combat commander during World War I), Turkey and Armenia, the Philippines again, Nicaragua (during the Sandinos guerrilla campaign), Bolivia and Paraguay, and China (with the Lytton Commission investigating Japan’s invasion of Manchuria). Following a series of stateside appointments, McCoy served finally as chairman of the Far Eastern Commission, an international body created to determine the fate of postwar Japan.
Becoming Free
Authors: Gill Emily R.
Published: April 2022

As ethnic, racial, religious, and gender-based groups demand rights to pursue radically diverse lifestyles or maintain their cultural traditions, conflict seems inevitable, even in a free society. Government may offer remedies to social dilemmas—such as affirmative action, curbs on immigration, or protection of gay rights—but these may only fan the flames of resentment. Yet any society that tolerates and protects diversity is more likely to preserve the freedom to live one's life without interference.

Emily Gill reexamines the liberal tradition to reconcile its core commitments to autonomy and diversity-values that in theory are complementary but in practice are often at odds-and to show that the interaction of these values determines how we as individuals become free. In Becoming Free, she argues that true freedom is enhanced through the promotion of diversity and the encouragement of rational reflection on the options it allows-and that limited choice or ignorance diminishes such freedom. Yet an incomplete freedom is what many individuals, groups, and states advocate when they commit to particular cultural traditions or religious beliefs, despite the autonomy they themselves enjoy.

Gill traces the implications of these conflicting views by drawing on recent scholarship and legal decisions in six areas: national citizenship, cultural membership, ethnicity and gender, religious belief, sexuality, and civic education. By exploring the tensions between autonomy and diversity in such instances as Boy Scouts membership restrictions, gay rights legislation, and education among the Amish, she not only offers an insightful commentary on current issues but also explores the moral foundations of liberal thought.

Unlike those who criticize liberalism for its shallow philosophical grounding, Gill shows it to have a substantive moral content grounded in the individual's capacity to make rational decisions based on critical reflection. In her tightly woven arguments, she explores real-world problems in a meaningful way for students and for anyone concerned with the future of liberalism, showing that becoming free is an ongoing process of human and social development.
Democratic Temperament
Authors: Miller Joshua I.
Published: April 2022

Nineteenth-century psychologist and pragmatist philosopher William James is rarely considered a political theorist. Renowned as the author of The Principles of Psychology and The Varieties of Religious Experience, James is often viewed as a radical individualist with no interest in politics; yet he was a critic of imperialism and absolutism and an advocate of tolerance, and his writing includes a penetrating analysis of political psychology.

This first book by a political theorist devoted exclusively to James's theory argues that political concerns were in fact central to his intellectual work. Joshua Miller links James to the contemporary public dialogue by treating him as a theorist of action and exploring the complexities of that theory. He also relates the philosopher's thought to his own political experiences and observations and-by explicating, criticizing, and meditating on James-develops provocative new ideas about issues facing democracy today.

At the heart of the book is James's description of the "democratic temperament," which comprises a willingness to act, the placing of public good ahead of private comfort, generosity toward one's opponents, and mutual respect among citizens of different viewpoints, races, genders, classes, and religions. Miller sees this temperament as a healthy corrective to the mean-spiritedness that characterizes so much current political discourse, which is precisely what makes James's insights so relevant to today's political environment. By revealing how James speaks to the paradoxical condition of modern political existence-withdrawal from public life combined with fanatical action-Miller shows how James's views apply to the possibility and problems of reviving participatory democracy in our era.

Scholars who have never considered the political aspects of James's work will find in this study a new way of approaching him and of reconsidering radical democracy, while readers unfamiliar with James will find it a highly accessible introduction to a significant aspect of his thought. Democratic Temperament clearly shows that James deserves to be read not only for his recognized genius but also for his fresh and unexpected insights into the possibilities and paradoxes of American democratic political consciousness.
Passions and Interests
Authors: Pomper Gerald M.
Published: April 2022

Bridging analysis of political parties and political philosophy, Passions and Interests presents eight conceptual models of political parties with particular relevance to American democracy. Gerald Pomper, an internationally recognized scholar, asks three questions: What meanings are attributed to parties? Empirically, to what extent do American parties fit these concepts? How well do these different models serve democratic interests?

The analysis encompasses a broad range of individuals, including party theorists from Michels to Downs, practitioners such as Martin Van Buren and Woodrow Wilson, and political philosophers from Burke to Lenin. Beginning with Madison's definition, Pomper views parties as varying combinations of passions and interests. He examines, both empirically and normatively, models of party as bureaucratic organization, governing caucus, cause advocate, ideological community, social movement, urban machine, rational office-seeking team, and personal faction.

In further explorations, he analyzes these party models in the light of the historical record and empirical data on American voting behavior, then compares them to proposals for party reform in the United States. In conclusion, Pomper evaluates the contributions of U.S. political parties to democratic values and presents a program to strengthen the parties as institutions of American democracy.

"The growth of political parties and the extension of democracy proceed along parallel tracks," Pomper contends. "Competitive political parties facilitate, although they do not guarantee, a considerable measure of popular involvement, control, and policy determination. Without them, government is more likely to evidence authoritarianism, violence, and repression."
Presidential Lightning Rods
Authors: Ellis Richard J.
Published: April 2022

H. R. Haldeman, President Nixon's former chief of staff, is said to have boasted: "Every president needs a son of a bitch, and I'm Nixon's. I'm his buffer and I'm his bastard. I get done what he wants done and I take the heat instead of him." Richard Ellis explores the widely discussed but poorly understood phenomenon of presidential "lightning rods"-cabinet officials who "take the heat" instead of their bosses. Whether by intent or circumstance, these officials divert criticism and blame away from their presidents. The phenomenon is so common that it's assumed to be an essential item in every president's managerial toolbox. But, Ellis argues, such assumptions can oversimplify our understanding of this tool.

Ellis advises against indiscriminate use of the lightning rod metaphor. Such labeling can hide as much as it reveals about presidential administration and policymaking at the cabinet level. The metaphor often misleads by suggesting strategic intent on the president's part while obscuring the calculations and objectives of presidential adversaries and the lightning rods themselves.

Ellis also illuminates the opportunities and difficulties that various presidential posts-especially secretaries of state, chiefs of staff, and vice presidents-have offered for deflecting blame from our presidents. His study offers numerous detailed and instructive examples from the administrations of Truman (Dean Acheson); Eisenhower (Richard Nixon, John Foster Dulles, Herbert Brownell, and Ezra Taft Benson); LBJ (Hubert Humphrey); Ford (Henry Kissinger); and Reagan (James Watt).

These examples, Ellis suggests, should guide our understanding of the relationship between lightning rods and presidential leadership, policymaking, and ratings. Blame avoidance, he warns, does have its limitations and may even backfire at times. Nevertheless, President Clinton and his successors may need to rely on such tools. The presidency, Ellis points out, finds itself the object of increasingly intense partisan debate and microscopic scrutiny by a wary press. Lightning rods can deflect such heat and help the president test policies, gauge public opinion, and protect his political power and public image. Ellis's book is an essential primer for helping us understand this process.
The Enduring Indians of Kansas
Authors: Herring Joseph B.
Published: April 2022

The Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears” and the forced migration of other Southern tribes during the 1830s and 1840s were the most notorious consequences of Andrew Jackson’s Indian removal policy. Less well known is the fact that many tribes of the Old Northwest territory were also forced to surrender their lands and move west of the Mississippi River.

By 1850, upwards of 10,000 displaced Indians had been settled “permanently” along the wooded streams and rivers of eastern Kansas. Twenty years later only a few hundred—mostly Kickapoos, Potawatomis, Chippewas, Munsees, Iowas, Foxes, and Sacs—remained.

Joseph Herring’s The Enduring Indians of Kansas recounts the struggle of these determined survivors. For them, the “end of Indian Kansas” was unacceptable, and they stayed on the lands that they had been promised were theirs forever.

Offering a good counterpoint to Craig Miner’s and William Unrau’s The End of Indian Kansas, Herring shows the reader a shifting set of native perspectives and strategies. He argues that it was by acculturation on their own terms—by walking the fine line between their traditional ways and those of the whites—that these Indians managed to survive, to retain their land, and to resist the hostile intrusions of the white world. The story of their epic struggle to survive will place a new set of names in the pantheon of American Indian heroes.
Bull Threshers and Bindlestiffs
Authors: Isern Thomas D.
Published: April 2022

Bull Threshers and Bindlestiffs is a panorama on a continental canvas: the Great Plains of North America, stretching from Texas to Alberta. Onto this surface the author lays the large features of regional practice in the harvesting and threshing of wheat during the days before the combined harvester harvesting with binder and header, threshing with bull thresher and steam engine. Into the picture he places the key figures who accomplished the task of gathering the grain the farm men and women, the custom threshermen, and the bindlestiffs, or itinerant laborers. Affectionately he sketches the small details of folklife that comprised the everyday work and culture of the wheat belt building shocks, loading racks, constructing stacks, pitching bundles into the separator, hauling water to the engine, drinking deep from the crockery water jug. Bull Threshers and Bindlestiffs is a profusely illustrated study of a complex, vigorous regional culture concerned with the production of wheat a culture that centered around the annual harvest and declined with the advent of the combine. This is an examination of the interaction of culture, environment, and technology with import for the fields of agricultural history and regional history. More than that, with its grassroots research, its descriptions of tools and customs, and its lavish illustrations, it is a re-creation of a proud phase of regional life previously captured only in yellowed albumen photographs.
The Learning of Liberty
Authors: Pangle Lorraine Smith , Pangle Thomas L.
Published: April 2022

American schools are in a state of crisis.

At the root of our current perplexity, beneath the difficulties with funding, social problems, and low test scores, festers a serious uncertainty as to what the focus and goals of education should be. We are increasingly haunted by the suspicion that our educational theories and institutions have lost sight of the need to perpetuate a core of moral and civic knowledge that is essential for any citizen's education, and indeed for any individual's happiness. Mining the Founders' rich reflections on education, the Pangles suggest, can help us recover a clearer sense of perspective and purpose.

With a commanding knowledge of the history of political philosophy, the authors illustrate how the Founders both drew upon and transformed the ideas of earlier philosophers of education such as Plato, Xenophon, Milton, Bacon, and Locke. They trace the emergence of a new American ideal of public education that puts civic instruction at its core to sustain a high quality of leadership and public discourse while producing resourceful, self-reliant members of a uniquely fluid society.

The Pangles also explore the wisdom and the weaknesses inherent in Jefferson's attempt to create a comprehensive system of schooling that would educate parents and children and offer unprecedented freedom of choice to university students. An original closing section examines the Founders' ideas for bringing all aspects of society to bear on education. It also shows how Washington, Jefferson, and Franklin presented their own lives as models for the education of others and analyzes the subtle, provocative moral philosophy implicit in the self-depiction of each.

The Learning of Liberty is historical and scholarly yet relentlessly practical, seeking from the Founders useful insights into the human soul and the character of good education. Even if the Founders do not provide us with ready-made solutions to many of our problems, the Pangles suggest, a study of their writings can give us a more realistic perspective, by teaching that our bewilderment is in some measure an outgrowth of unresolved tensions embedded in the Founders' own conceptions of republicanism, religion, education, and human nature.
Shaping Modern Liberalism
Authors: Stettner Edward A.
Published: April 2022

American ideals—liberty, equality, democracy, national unity—are bandied about by liberal politicians as a package deal, inseparably intertwined. But the words often flow together better as rhetoric than they mold together in theory. But, as Herbert Croly and his turn-of-the-century contemporaries found, jelling these appealing yet often conflicting concepts into a liberal philosophy was not nearly as easy as embracing them in a campaign speech.

In this first full-length study of Herbert Croly's political theory, Edward Stettner analyzes Croly's writings and examines the events, experiences, and people who influenced Croly's thinking. In the process, he reveals Croly's significant influence on modern liberalism as classical liberal theory merged with progressive philosophy.

Croly, founder of The New Republic, expounded on issues from the nationalization of railroads to the Espionage Act in his search for a middle way between socialism and capitalism. Stettner illustrates how Croly's political theory influenced the editorial position of one of the leading liberal journals and how his thought in turn was modified in reaction to national and world events, such as presidential elections and World War I.

Stettner portrays Croly as a modest and conscientious intellectual who wholeheartedly came to embrace the progressive movement and consequently helped establish the framework for modern liberalism. In doing so, Stettner emphasizes how Croly's philosophy evolved and how Croly was drawn to the conclusion that a strong national government and individual rights could indeed coexist—if not always serenely—in a democratic society.
Social, political, commercial, and corporate determinants of rural health equity in Canada: an integrated framework
Authors: Leimbigler Betsy , Li Eric Ping Hung , Rush Kathy L. , Seaton Cherisse Lynn
Published: April 2022

People in rural and remote areas often experience greater vulnerability and higher health-related risks as a result of complex issues that include limited access to affordable health services and programs. During disruptive events, rural populations face unique barriers and challenges due to their remoteness and limited access to resources, including digital technologies. While social determinants of health have been highlighted as a tool to understand how health is impacted by various social factors, it is crucial to create a holistic framework to fully understand rural health equity. In this commentary, we propose an integrated framework that connects the social determinants of health (SDOH), the political determinants of health (PDOH), the commercial determinants of health (ComDOH), and the corporate determinants of health (CorpDOH) to address health inequity in rural and remote communities in Canada. The goal of this commentary is to situate these four determinants of health as key to inform policy-makers and practitioners for future development of rural health equity policies and programs in Canada.
Применение контрольно-аналитических процедур для целей устойчивого развития регионального здравоохранения
Authors: Кондрашова Надежда Викторовна , Головин Сергей Владимирович , Королюк Александр Сергеевич
Published: April 2022

Цель: научные интересы авторов статьи связаны с конкретизацией вопроса применения экономического анализа в контрольных мероприятиях, в частности, в решении задач достижения устойчивого развития. В качестве объекта практической реализации контрольноаналитических процедур выступила система здравоохранения Воронежской области. Цель авторского исследования – подчеркнуть практику применения методического инструментария экономического анализа в основе аналитических процедур при осуществлении контрольных мероприятий на макро-, мезо-, микроуровнях управления устойчивым развитием. Ключевыми задачами, направленными на достижение цели, явились: 1) отразить учет и сопряжение целей устойчивого развития в национальной политике; 2) показать на практических примерах, что аналитические процедуры при осуществлении контроля есть контрольно-аналитическая работа. Обсуждение: экономический анализ в системе макро-, мезо-, микроуправления следует воспринимать не только как инструмент аналитического обоснования управленческих решений, но и как контрольно-корректирующий при решении задач устойчивого развития. Результаты: авторы резюмировали: 1) цели устойчивого развития интегрируются в национальную политику и экономику посредством национальных проектов, критериями реализации которых является достижение целевых показателей; 2) использование методологии экономического анализа в контрольном мероприятии делает его контрольно-аналитической процедурой, что, в свою очередь, есть контрольно-аналитическая работа определенного вида.