bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of No-Till on Water Related Soil Functions and the Role of Farmer Networks in Knowledge Exchange and Implementation.
Authors:   , Skaalsveen Kamilla
Published: December 2021

No-tillage is a non-inversion farming practice that is becoming more widely used in farming and often considered to enhance soil functions, by increasing soil organic matter levels and thereby improving soil structure. Knowledge about the effects of different management practices on separate soil functions is important to understand potential trade-offs between them. Studies have shown that no-tillage affects soil functions of water purification and water retention and can reduce erosion rates and inputs from agriculture to water bodies, however evidence from north western European countries is still limited. Alongside this gap in evidence about the physical impacts of no-tillage, knowledge about how farmers share knowledge about no-tillage, a knowledge intensive practice, and the role of farmer networks is still growing. This paper presents results from interdisciplinary (PhD) research which measured the effect of no-tillage on water related soil functions in a UK case study and analysed the distribution of no-tillage knowledge through farmer networks. The field-scale monitoring compares two neighbouring farms (one using conventional ploughing and the other no-tillage) with similar soil and topographic characteristics to assess spatial and temporal changes in soil and water variables. The 2-year monitoring included nutrient analysis of surface and sub-surface soil samples, bulk density, soil moisture, infiltration capacity, surface runoff and analysis of Dissolved Reactive Phosphorous (DRP), Total Phosphorous (TP) and Suspended Solids (SS) in downstream waters. Farmers’ networks were mapped using Social Network Analysis (SNA) to reveal the nature and extent of their knowledge exchange about no-tillage. This was complemented by semi-structured interviews with farmers to understand their reasons for implementing no-tillage. This paper presents findings from both aspects of this research. The soil and water data show varying impacts of no-tillage on soil functions and water quality with different soil types and climate. The no-tillage fields had higher bulk density and soil organic matter content and thereby increasing the soil moisture levels, but the free-draining porous limestone was providing greater benefits under no-tillage in this study compared with the limerich loamy soil with high silt and clay content. The SNA suggests that farmers’ networks expanded with the conversion to no-tillage and that their main influencers were other more experienced no-tillage farmers. In this respect I question the role of external organisations in supporting no-tillage adoption. The research offers a significant new contribution to the field as it assesses the effects of no-tillage on water purification and retention functions of the soil, and at the same time contributes to understanding the dynamics of farmer networks and the link to implementation.
La vivienda social impacto y funcionalidad ante las medidas de confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19, en la provincia de Manabí
Authors: Cusme-Chinga Líder Xavier , Caicedo-Arévalo Olinda Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

En el estudio se aborda uno de los temas de mayor interés en lo que respecta a desarrollo urbano, como es la funcionalidad de la vivienda social. Tener una vivienda sin duda se constituye en una de las necesidades fundamentales para el ser humano, un derecho humano que esta tutelado en diferentes cuerpos legales y en la Constitución ecuatoriana; pero ante un fenómeno de la índole del COVID 19 que ha obligado a la población a confinarse en sus viviendas para frenar el contagio de la enfermedad; qué impactos podría tener esta vivienda sobre sus ocupantes, cuando hablamos de una vivienda social, esta se caracteriza por tener un espacio mínimo; carente de la funcionalidad necesaria para brindar confort e higiene en periodos de confinamiento exclusivo como el que ha tenido lugar actualmente por el COVID 19. La metodología de este estudio fue mixta, empleando tanto aspectos de campo como bibliográficos; logrando el análisis de las características de la vivienda social, las características de sus usuarios, el impacto de la vivienda social en sus ocupantes durante el confinamiento. Finalmente, entre los resultados más destacados está un alto impacto en los índices de estrés, así como en los problemas de interrelación y de afectación en problemas de salud.

Palabras clave: vivienda de interés social, COVID 19, impactos de la vivienda en sus ocupantes, funcionalidad de la vivienda de interés social.
SGC basado en la ISO 9001:2015, que optimice el funcionamiento del laboratorio de operaciones unitarias UTM
Authors: Saltos-Meza José Gabriel , Burgos-Briones Alfonso
Published: December 2021

La Gestión y control de calidad en los Laboratorios forman parte del diagnóstico principal que garantiza la confiabilidad del resultado procesado dentro del mismo. El objetivo general de esta investigación es el de Diseñar un sistema de gestión de la calidad que optimice el funcionamiento del Laboratorio de Operaciones Unitarias de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí Mediante la aplicación de la normativa ISO 9001:2015. El nivel de investigación empleado fue exploratorio ya que se buscaba conocer la realidad del laboratorio en cuanto al sistema de gestión. El tipo de investigación fue de campo debido a que todos los datos, salvo el soporte intelectual, fueron recabados directamente. Para diagnosticar la situación primeramente se procedió a la observación directa contrastándola contra lo exigido en la norma ISO 9001:2015, posteriormente se aplicó un cuestionario para determinar el nivel de conocimientos de sus integrantes acerca de los SGC. Existen métodos que lleven a una optimización de los recursos y a una mejora continua de la calidad de los servicios en el laboratorio, determinando los diferentes modelos de gestión que se ven afectados por la mala organización. Entre ellos se encuentra el manejo adecuado de los recursos para la mejor ejecución al momento de procesar las actividades. La responsabilidad de la decisión es tomada por el equipo Técnico. Su ejecución implica una organización y un impulso hacia una nueva forma de trabajo enfocada en la estructura de los procesos. La mejora continua y la autoevaluación avanzan sistemáticamente, de esta manera se considera la importancia de una buena gerencia y gestión dentro del laboratorio. Por esta razón es necesario y de gran beneficio enfocar de cerca una gestión y control de calidad aplicado por el laboratorio, con el propósito de relacionar la capacidad técnica empleada en cada fase y así asegurar la eficacia del resultado final.

Palabras clave: Calidad, gestión de la calidad, sistemas de gestión de la calidad, ISO 9001:2015.
PERSPECTIVAS DEL DESEMPEÑO COOPERATIVO Y EL BUEN VIVIR
Authors: Tuarez-Rendon María Melania , Angulo-Murillo Navira , Intriago-Rodríguez Emmanuel Alberto
Published: December 2021

El valor básico de la cooperación es la cooperación sobre los principios de integración, solidaridad y socialdemocracia. Así que basó sus observaciones en la glorificación y liberación de la sociedad, es decir, una sociedad verdaderamente liberada e integrada. En cuanto al objetivo social, la cooperación se enmarca en la búsqueda de la transformación integral de la sociedad, a través de la acción cooperativa y el libre desarrollo del pleno potencial de los individuos en la sociedad. Vivir Bien es el pensamiento milenario de los pueblos indígenas que durante siglos han logrado una vida sostenible en sus tierras, ricas en biodiversidad y conocimiento ancestral invisible. Sin embargo, el contexto de crisis típico permitió que el "buen vivir" comenzara a ser conocido y discutido en Europa y en todo el mundo; En la academia, la cooperación internacional, los movimientos sociales y las acciones locales para construir otro mundo posible.

Palabras claves: cooperación, buen vivir, sociedad, conocimiento ancestral.
A Probabilistic Higher-order Fixpoint Logic
Authors: Mitani Yo , Kobayashi Naoki , Tsukada Takeshi
Published: December 2021

We introduce PHFL, a probabilistic extension of higher-order fixpoint logic,
which can also be regarded as a higher-order extension of probabilistic
temporal logics such as PCTL and the $\mu^p$-calculus. We show that PHFL is
strictly more expressive than the $\mu^p$-calculus, and that the PHFL
model-checking problem for finite Markov chains is undecidable even for the
$\mu$-only, order-1 fragment of PHFL. Furthermore the full PHFL is far more
expressive: we give a translation from Lubarsky's $\mu$-arithmetic to PHFL,
which implies that PHFL model checking is $\Pi^1_1$-hard and $\Sigma^1_1$-hard.
As a positive result, we characterize a decidable fragment of the PHFL
model-checking problems using a novel type system.
Change Project Using a Fall Prevention Action Program to Decrease Falls on a Behavioral Health Unit
Authors:   , Shuptrine Amy
Published: December 2021

Practice Problem: Fall rates are increasing in the behavioral health units of the East Texas hospital. Due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, the units are short-staffed, which further supports the urgent need for a targeted intervention to reduce fall risk. PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: “In adult behavioral health patients (P), what is the effect of the Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool (I), compared with previous use of the Morse Fall Risk tool (C), on the fall rate (O), in 8 weeks (T)?” Evidence: Falls are the most reported incidents in acute care hospitals and falls of behavioral health patients are more challenging to mitigate than those of other patients. Evidence suggested that the Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool aided in identifying and mitigating fall risks by tailoring care plans to individual patients. Intervention: The Edmonson Psychiatric Fall Risk Assessment Tool was completed on every patient over the age of 18 years, which was admitted, discharged, falling, or had a change in condition, while on the psychiatric unit. The risk assessment was used to determine the risks and other factors that contribute to the patient falling. Once the contributors were identified, the data was used to put interventions into place and revise each individualized care plan to decrease falls. Outcome: The intended outcome was to identify patients that were at substantial risk for falls using the EPFRAT tool, mitigate some of their risks, and therefore decrease falls. Conclusion: Continued emphasis on the fall risks of behavioral health patients will be paramount in the management and success of the continued improvement in patient outcomes.
Lung Cancer Screening: An Evidence-Based Practice Change Project
Authors:   , Bland Robert
Published: December 2021

Practice Problem: Lung cancer is the leading cause of global cancer deaths and is a significant health issue in the US, claiming more than 155,000 lives each year. Lung cancer screening through low dose computed tomography (LDCT) can reduce lung cancer mortality by 20 percent but unfortunately, lung cancer screening is underutilized. PICOT Question: The PICOT question that guided this project was: in a patient population eligible for LDCT lung screening (P), how does auditing of practice with feedback to the providers (I), compared to not doing the interventions as mentioned above (C), increase LDCT lung cancer screenings in the identified population (O), in an eight-week period (T)? Evidence: A thorough literature review was conducted to determine if audit and feedback is an evidence-based strategy for increasing cancer screening rates. The literature review produced ample evidence supporting audit and feedback as an effective strategy for significantly increasing cancer screening rates. Intervention: A lung cancer screening audit tool with essential elements for determining patient eligibility for LDCT lung cancer screening was created for this project, and the face validity of the audit tool was obtained. During the project’s intervention and evaluation phase, each audit tool submitted was analyzed for completeness, and performance feedback was given to the clinic’s providers on a weekly basis. Outcome: Although Chi-Square analysis did not show statistical significance, the number of LDCT lung cancer screening scans nearly doubled during the intervention phase compared to the baseline phase of the project. Conclusion: The continued usage of the lung cancer screening audit and feedback tool is recommended for increasing the number of LDCT lung cancer screenings.
EXPORTAÇÕES NO MERCADO RURAL: CARACTERIZAÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS FUTURAS
Authors: Lopes dos Santos Henrique José , Oliveira de Souza Laura Aparecida , Freitas Miranda Lohanna Marcela Lio , Guedes Ana Cecilia
Published: December 2021

O setor do agronegócio brasileiro vem expandindo cada vez mais a sua produtividade, tornando-se um dos pilares da economia do país. O Brasil é um dos maiores exportadores mundiais de produtos agrícolas e representa a maior economia da América Latina, destacando-se na produção de laranja, café, soja, milho, dentre outros. A China é um dos parceiros comerciais do Brasil e, além de ser o país que mais recebe as exportações brasileiras, é também o que mais vende para o nosso país, o que ocasiona uma grande dependência comercial. Ante o exposto, o presente artigo faz uma revisão sobre as exportações do mercado agrícola brasileiro, caracterizando a formação de preços, que são definidos pelos mercados financeiros globais; os principais produtos produzidos e comercializados; os parceiros internacionais, que são meios de acesso ao mercado externo; e as perspectivas futuras do setor, que mesmo com os impactos gerados pela pandemia da Covid-19, o país fechou o ano de 2020 com um superávit na balança comercial, e a expectativa para 2021 é que o saldo positivo supere o do ano anterior. À vista disso, é possível concluir que o Brasil possui grandes chances de se tornar uma das maiores potências econômicas mundiais.
“I Am More than My Country of Origin”: An Arts-Based Engagement Ethnography with Racialized Newcomer Women in Canada
Authors: Smith Danielle , Green Amy , Nutter Sarah , Kassan Anusha , Sesma-Vazquez Monica , Arthur Nancy , Russell-Mayhew Shelly
Published: December 2021

Many women immigrate with the hope that they will gain new opportunities for themselves and their families, however, they often face significant challenges due to the intersectional stigmas related to their gender, immigration status, and other aspects of their social location. In this study, we sought to understand the holistic experience of racialized newcomer women to better support their integration process. Using Arts-Based Engagement Ethnography (ABEE), we employed the use of cultural probes and qualitative interviews to gain an in-depth understanding of the experience of ten newcomer women. An ethnographic analysis of this data yielded four overarching structures which include (1) identity negotiation experiences, (2) process of integration and struggles with transition, (3) resiliency practices and processes, and (4) making meaning of migration experiences. Each of these structures included several patterns. Our results demonstrate the benefits of using arts-based qualitative methods with diverse communities to collect rich and varied data that highlights the multiple social identities of participants. These results also give an in-depth look at the numerous experiences, both positive and negative, that influence the well-being of newcomer women throughout the process of migration. The implications of this research emphasize the need to continue in our efforts to reduce systemic oppression, to create a more inclusive and equitable community.
Challenges among Children during Three Phases of COVID-19 in Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Sana
Published: December 2021

Children are not indifferent to mental health issues in response to COVID-19 and experienced surge of challenges. Therefore, in the current study children of 8 to 16 years were recruited to investigate the challenges and its impact on children mental health during all three phases of COVID-19. The Colaizzi’s phenomenological method for qualitative analysis was used to investigate the student’s response. The reactions of students were summarized into three themes and sixteen sub-themes considering all three phases of COVID-19. The three major themes are religious concerns, mental health issues, and academic concerns. The findings have been discussed in terms of counselling for mental health issues and devising online education policy to meet children needs and carter their fears.
Sağlık Sistemlerinde Kamu-Özel Ortaklığı Uygulamaları Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: EKE Erdal , ÇAM Sıddıka
Published: December 2021

Siyasal ve ekonomik politikaların dönüşümüyle birlikte 1980’lerden itibaren kamu-özel ortaklığı, birçok ülkenin kamu hizmeti sunumunda bir model olarak kullanılmasıyla bilimsel çalışmalara konu olmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma, sağlık sistemi içerisinde uygulanmaya başlayan bu yöntemin kullanımı ile ilgili yayınlanmış olan çalışmaları içerik açısından analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, nitel araştırma temel veri analiz tekniklerinden birisi olan içerik analizi ile içerik analizinin alt tekniklerinden olan sıklık, kategori ve değerlendirici analiz teknikleri kullanılarak 2010-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanmış nicel, nitel veya karma yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiş, 35 araştırma makalesi ve tez incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda bulgular dört temaya ayrılmıştır. Bunlar paydaşlar, memnuniyet, tutum ve deneyimler (hasta, çalışan, yönetici), kamu özel ortaklığının olumlu/olumsuz ve başarılı/başarısız yönleri ve diğerdir. Analiz neticesinde çalışmaların son yıllarda yoğunlaşmaya başladığı, bu çalışmalarda ağırlıklı olarak nitel yöntem kullanıldığı ve bu modelin %56 oran ile farklı alan ve sektörlerde kullanılmasının önerildiği tespit edilmiştir.
Comparison of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated in public centers versus private health centers.
Authors: Calvo Romina , Ortiz Alberto , Roverano Susana , Gallo Jésica , Benavente Emilio , Costa Lucas , Carrera Elena , Paira Sergio
Published: December 2021

Recent studies on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have reported more favorable outcomes thanks to better knowledge of the disease, more expert management of it, and rational use of treatments.
In this study we identified 301 SLE patients, seen between 1988 and 2019. Two hundred and twenty eight patients were treated in the public health system and 73 in private practice. In comparing both groups, we discovered that patients in the public health system were youn-ger at first consultation and at SLE onset and that the mean duration of their disease prior to first consultation was shorter in a statistically significant way. Also, they showed more frequence of leucopenia, Sm antibody, renal involvement and received I.V. corticosteroids.
Patients treated in the public system of health showed more accrual damage over the 10 first years of the disease than patients seen in the private system of health, but death in both groups was similar. Patients from both public and private groups were attended by medical specialist practices who made close follow-ups.
Treatment preferences in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Capelusnik D. , Macías Oviedo L. L. , Sevillano Gutiérrez J. M. , Citera G.
Published: December 2021

Background: One of the premises of the Treat to Target (T2T) is the shared treatment decision between the rheumatologist and the patient. For this reason, patient preferences play a fundamental role in the success of treatment in the short and long term. The aims of this study were to evaluate the treatment preferences of patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and to identify the factors associated with their choice.
Material and methods: Cross sectional study. Patients ≥18 years old that fulfilled the ASAS 2009 criteria for axSpA were included. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, disease characteristics, and treatments received were recorded. A specially designed questionnaire in both, multiple choice modality and response mode listed in order of priority of the statements was administered. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics. Student’s T-test, Chi2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis. A value of p <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Seventy patients were included with a median age (m) of 46.5 years (IQR: 38-57), 55 males (78.6%) and a median disease duration of 13.5 years (IQR: 7.75-23.25). The relevant aspects for choosing a treatment were: the ability to improve the quality of life (32.9%), followed by improvement in joint inflammation (22.9%), pain (21. 4%) and physical function (14.3%). The chosen administration routes in decreasing order of frequency were: oral (51.4%), subcutaneous (SC) (41.4%), intramuscular (IM) 4.3% and intravenous (IV) 2.9%. The preferred frequency of oral administration was one tablet per week (61.1%) and SC administration, once a month (34.5%). The choice of oral route was associated with: preference for self-administration, preference for receiving the medication at home and higher level of education. The choice of the SC route was independently associated with the type of axSpA (AS) and a lower educational level. The patients under biological SC treatment and with lower disease activity, showed higher level of treatment satisfaction.
Conclusion: The most preferred way of administration by patients with axSpA was the oral route. Lower disease activity and SC biological treatment were associated with treatment greater compliance.
Old known diseases affecting the orbit. Presentation of a clinical case and review
Authors: Sager L. , Reibaldi A. , Calvo R. , Ortiz A. , Roverano S. , Paira S.
Published: December 2021

We present the case of a 56-year-old patient with a history of Multiple Myeloma, who evolves with periorbital inflammation of both eyelids, bilateral, yellowish-violet, ulcerated and painless. The differential diagnosis with the adult orbital xanthogranulomatous diseases was raised, especially XN due to its association with MM. When performing a biopsy of the lesion, fragmentation of dermal collagen bundles and around vessels a pale eosinophilic acellular material, positive congo red and apple-green color with polarized light are observed in the histology, reaching the diagnosis of Amyloidosis and Orbital Xantogranuloma of the Adult.
Capillaroscopic findings and clinical characteristics in patients with primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon
Authors: Tralice Elda Rossella , Tamborenea María Natalia , Romanini Félix Enrique , Bejarano Marisel Vanesa , Secco Anastasia
Published: December 2021

Objectives: to describe videocapillaroscopy (VCP) findings in patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) and secondary (SRP); compare demographic and clinical characteristics between both.
Materials and methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. Age, occupation, evolution time of RP, connective tissue disease (CTD) and capillaroscopic characteristics were documented. The VCP were reported as normal, nonspecific or early, active, and late SD pattern. Descriptive statistics were performed. Chi2 or Fisher's exact test were used for categorical variables; for continuous variables t test or Man Whitney, considering statistically significant p<0.05.
Results: 290 VCP were performed. In patients with PRP (n:122), 18% (n:23) were normal and 81% (n:99) non-specific. In patients with SRP (n:168), 8% were normal, 42% non-specific and 51% with SD pattern (25% early, 44% active, 31% late). We found statistically significant differences: time of evolution of RP in months (12 vs. 36, p<0.01), normal VCP (18.85% vs 7.4%, p<0.01), non-specific pattern (81.14% vs 41%, p<0.01) in patients with PRP vs SRP.
Conclusions: in patients with FRS predominated the SD pattern, while in those with FRP the normal and nonspecific pattern was superior. FRS was associated with a longer evolution time.
Idiopathic granulomatose mastitis. Case report and literary review
Authors: Catalán Pellet Santiago , Briones Gabriela , Miravalle Daniela
Published: December 2021

The clinical case of a patient with a histological diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is described, a rare disease in which immunosuppressants are used as the described treatment and can be confused with other entities treated in the specialty. The case is described and a literature review is carried out.
In Rheumatology, do we generate the teachers that the 21st century needs?
Authors: Paira Sergio
Published: December 2021

Who should be the great educators and masters of Argentinian Rheumatology? One would think they should be the best ones! But are they the best ones? What ought to be the selection criteria for such a distinguished and honourable position? Our society demands: “All of those who have turned 65 years old and who, thanks to their academic work, have trained young rheumatologists”. How the latter were trained... do we know? As mere technicians or as humane professionals?
The academic training of a pupil of Rheumatology, as in this case, must be comprehensive. Not only the technical but also the human aspect is of the utmost importance. An educator converses, is true to an ideal, gives up/sacrifices enrichment and reveals their weak points.
Credit Resource Availability and Innovation Output: Evidence from Chinese Industrial
Enterprises
Authors: Liu Yuqiao
Published: December 2021

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of credit availability on the number of industrial
enterprises' patents from the perspective of financial geography, using the number
of bank branches in the vicinity of industrial enterprises in China as a proxy variable.
The number of patents is a proxy for the innovation output of an enterprise. The
study finds that the higher availability of credit resources, represented by the
number of bank branches in the vicinity, inhibits the innovation output of enterprises,
and this inhibitory effect is more obvious in state-owned enterprises and large
enterprises. Higher availability of credit resources leads industrial firms to fall more
easily into the resource curse trap and thus fail to gain more innovative capabilities.
This paper also provides a theoretical and data base for China's inability to complete
industrial upgrading; it provides new evidence for the phenomenon of insufficient
innovation capacity of industrial enterprises under China's rapid economic
development in recent years; and it also provides a policy reference for financial
supply reform.

Keywords: Availability of credit resources, Innovation output, Financial geography.
Informing the regulatory framework on water and sanitation in Southern Africa: The emerging governance framework accompanying SDG 6
Authors: Viljoen Germarié , Qumbu Bronwen
Published: December 2021

At least 40% of the people in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region do not have access to safe water and sanitation, rendering them vulnerable to prolonged conflicts and catastrophes, including exposure to water-borne diseases, other pandemics, poverty and human suffering. Although several international and African regional treaties support the human rights to water and sanitation, the ability of the SADC regulatory framework to give effect to these rights is concerning. In fact, available literature on the SADC’s ability to meaningfully realise these rights is fragmented and scant. This article examines theoretically a novel governance approach to the implementation of Sustainable Goal 6 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The article argues that the coercion through regional ‘goal setting’ may provide a conclusive, regional response to the continuing development of water and sanitation rights in the SADC region.
Case Note: Locus standi to institute a private prosecution of environmental offences in South Africa: Uzani Environmental Advocacy CC v BP Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira
Published: December 2021

In Uzani Environmental Advocacy CC v BP Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd, in the first ever private prosecution under section 33 of the National Environmental Management Act, British Petroleum (BP) was prosecuted and convicted for constructing filling stations without the necessary authorisation. The judgment deals mostly with the issue of locus standi to institute a private prosecution for environmental offences. The purpose of this note is to highlight the issues that emerge from the judgment. The note also discusses the role that could be played by the National Director of Public Prosecutions should they decide to take over a private prosecution instituted under section 33 of NEMA.
Investigating the Role of Governmental Factors Affecting Social Capital (Case Study: Iraqi Kurdistan)
Authors: Khayati Chiman
Published: December 2021

Social capital is a latent wealth and property arising from a society's members' mental and psychological readiness to give up personal interests and engage in collective action. Social capital is a form of capital that potentially exists in all human societies. For flourishing and actualizing social capital, factors must be transformed, and special conditions must be satisfied that are seldom and difficult to meet. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the strengthening of social capital through the role of government. The study was applied research, and in terms of data collection method, it was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study was the citizens of Iraqi Kurdistan in 2020. One thousand subjects were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Content validity and measurement model results were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of measurement tools. The questionnaires’ validity and reliability results were confirmed. Structural equation modeling through Smart PLS 3 was used for data analysis. The hypothesis testing results showed that the economy, geography and environment, and culture and society would strengthen social capital through government. According to the value obtained for the model fit index, 0.54, the overall model’s goodness of fit was confirmed.
An evaluation of the Science Learner Assisted Program (SLAP) at the University of Limpopo Science Centre, South Africa
Authors: Potgieter M. J. , Potgieter A. , Ramaila P. R. , Wildschut L.
Published: December 2021

This paper is an evaluation of the Science Learner Assisted Programme (SLAP) at the University of Limpopo Science Centre. The evaluation is intended to be useful for improving the program and informing social action aimed at amending educational problems (related to science education faced by schools in the Limpopo Province (South Africa). The purpose of the evaluation was to evaluate the design of SLAP and how it was being delivered to the target group (Grade 10-12 learners). Data were collected from August to October 2016. Data were collected via documentation review, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and observations. Forty-five learners completed the questionnaires. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques were employed during the data analysis process. In terms of program design, the evaluation found that SLAP is aligned with the goals of the University of Limpopo Science Centre. With regard to program delivery, the evaluation found that the program's major activity is performing experiments. Methods of engaging learners include class discussions, presentations, and group discussions. The methods proved to be effective as the level of participation was high during lessons. Affordability of lessons, the performance of experiments, and information sharing was mentioned as aspects of implementation facilitating the success of the program, while overcrowding, small labs, insufficient resources, and learners being unprepared for lessons were reported as impeding the success of service delivery. Teachers reported that the program was of great assistance to them as they learn to simplify topics and improve their methods of engaging learners in class
Parents' perception regarding the concerns, competencies and perspectives of involvement in non-formal activities
Authors: Coșarbă Editha , Roman Alina Felicia , Costin Alina
Published: December 2021

This study aims to assess the perception of parents of primary school children about the concerns they have, the knowledge they have about their child's skills. Starting from the educational and socializing function of the family (Jabbarova, 2020; Syamsuddin, 2021), we formulated the following research questions: What type of problems does a 7-11 years old child have to confront? According to parents, which are the necessary abilities a 7-11 year old child has to possess? How much do children participate in non-formal activities in their spare time? 62 participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire and participated in 10 interviews. The results reveal particularities of the reality of family life, such as the reduced time spent by parents with their children, the concern of parents for the time spent by the child in the online environment. Parents also reported the lack of interdisciplinary, non-formal, attractive programs and projects for children. The results indicate the focus of parents in the formation of memory skills and critical thinking and less on academic skills. Parents express concerns about spending their child's time online but are confident that they can still handle this. The study actually describes some parents worried about many aspects of a child's life, however they are not involved in parenting programs.
Analysis of Civic Education Learning in The Effort to Internalize The Local Wisdom of North Sulawesi
Authors: Pangalila Theodorus , Sumilat Juliana Margareta , Sobon Kosmas
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the learning process of Civic Education in schools and identify the values of local wisdom of the people of North Sulawesi that can be used as a source in Civic Education learning at the elementary, junior high, and high school levels. This research focuses on identifying the values of local wisdom of the people of North Sulawesi and analyzing the level of need for developing a Civic Education model based on the local culture of the people of North Sulawesi. This study uses a qualitative approach. Sources of data from this study were teachers at the elementary, junior high, and high school levels in North Sulawesi. St. Catholic Elementary School Clara Tomohon, St. Don Bosco Catholic 2 Elementary School  Paniki Bawah, SD Negeri 2 Tataaran, SMP Negeri 4 Tomohon, SMP Negeri 6 Manado, SMP Negeri 1 Tondano, SMK Negeri 1 Tomohon, SMA Negeri 1 Manado, and SMA Negeri 3 Tondano. Sources of data in this study were teachers who were in schools that were used as research locations. Collecting data through a google form, interview, observation, and literature study. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman technique, namely data collection, data reduction, conclusion, and drawing/verification. In testing the validity of the data, the researcher will use internal validity (credibility) on the aspect of truth value in its application in terms of external validity (transferability) and reliability (dependability) on the consistency aspect and objectivity ( confirmability ) on the naturalist aspect. This study found that the teacher prepared the Civics learning process from the planning, implementing, and evaluating. There is an urgent need to develop Civics learning models based on the local wisdom of the people of North Sulawesi.
Perception of Secondary School Principals on Strategies for Improving Academic Performance: A Trajectory of UMkhanyakude Education District
Authors: Mbokazi Msawenkosi Sandile , Mkhasibe Rachel Gugu
Published: December 2021

The study outlines the findings from a case study that explored how the uMkhanyakude education district improved its academic performance in such challenging circumstances of the district. The performance chart of the district tabling results from 2008 to 2020 raised curiosity and interest to investigating the strategies employed by the district turn things around. The study adopted a qualitative method of enquiry employing document analysis and telephone interviews with principals of top-performing schools in the district. The findings revealed that transformative leadership, parental involvement in the form of izimbizo, adoption of schools with high enrolments, use of lead teachers, regular school visits, prescription of learner activities, well-planned extra-classes and introduction of Study camps raised learner academic performance in the district. The study recommends quality teaching and learning across the grades, parental involvement should be encouraged at all levels, two-way communication, regular support by the subject advisors and the unions.
Government control in increasing vehicles taxpayer compliance
Authors: Hasri Diah Anggeraini , Zulkieflimansyah Zulkieflimansyah , Nurjihadi Muhammad , Ananda Nova Adhitya , Hakim Lukmanul
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the dynamics of taxpayer compliance from time to time by using a mathematical model. This study uses two analysis tools, namely differential equations, to create a model of taxpayer compliance and Moderated Regression Analysis to determine the effect of moderating government control on increasing taxpayer compliance. This study indicates that government control can reduce the number of non-compliant taxpayers by looking at the sensitivity index. The results of the sensitivity index of government control parameters can reduce the basic reproduction number. Statistically, it is also proven that the moderation of government control can strengthen the effect of awareness on taxpayer compliance by 82.5%.
Brief explanations on EU Directive no. 680/27.04.2016 in the field of personal data processing
Authors: Mănescu Dragoș Mihail
Published: December 2021

The processing of personal data is regulated by Directive 680/2016 when it is carried out by national security institutions or by law enforcement bodies. The Directive establishes the general framework for exemption from the principles of personal data protection enacted by the GDPR, establishing a restrictive and reasoned temporary derogation, considered indispensable for carrying out activities aimed at ensuring national security or the national judicial system, as well as prevention, detection and combating crime.
Women’s Burden of Caring for Orphans: The bio-psychosocial and economic challenges for caregivers in a rural community in South Africa
Authors: Dube Misheck
Published: December 2021

The practical activity of orphan-care in Social Work has received unquestionable and resounding globally attention. However, the skewed care of orphans towards women and its associated bio-psychosocial and economic challenges in the rural communities deserves special investigation and analysis. This article discusses women’s burden of orphan-care and associated bio-psychosocial and economic challenges experienced by carers in Alice in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Using a qualitative research approach and voluntary purposive sampling to ensure that carers of orphans were engaged in the study, individual face-to-face interviews were conducted to engage twenty caregivers. Data were analysed thematically and backed by existing literature.  The findings showed that women caregivers of orphans experienced a plethora of bio-psychosocial and economic issues when caring for orphans in the rural communities. The article makes relevant recommendations for the profession of Social Work and stakeholders of orphan-care.
Learning English for Specific Purposes through Blended Learning at Public Islamic University (A Case Study at Private University Jepara Indonesia)
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Purwanto Purwanto , Giyoto Giyoto
Published: December 2021

English courses in public universities (Non-English Majors) in Indonesia are generally part of the personality development course (MPK). This study aims to describe the implementation of Blended Learning based English learning in the context of ESP in non-Major English study programs at the Nahdlatul Ulama Islamic University (UNISNU) Jepara Indonesia. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The data was obtained by interviewing the lecturers by purposive sampling and curriculum documentation as well as the syllabus of English courses that have been applied in the 2019/2020 school year in 16 study programs in 5 faculties. All course syllabi were obtained by the direct survey for the same location in one university in which the researcher categorized as primary data. The secondary data were obtained through an internet search (online). The results of the study showed that by referring to the syllabus of the study program the material English learning on the data can be grouped into five categories, namely (1) English Grammar (EG) was found in the study program (PS) 4,6,7,8,10,14 and 15; (2) General Reading Skills (GRS) was obtained in PS4,6,7,8,10,14,15; (3) The combination of English Grammar (EG) and General Reading Skills (GRS) were obtained in PS4,6,7,8,9,10,14, 15; (4) The combination of Four Skills was obtained at PS 5,9,11,12,13; and (5) Combination of Multi-Discipline Mixture English obtained in PS 1,2,3. ESP with Blended learning approach is reflected by the application of face-to-face learning model mixed with learning models with learning media in the form of e-learning as the characteristics of major fields at each faculty.
A dynamic image of the final authority act of local public administrations exercised by issuing building permits. Case study: the South-East Development Region of Romania
Authors: Stan Mari-Isabella
Published: December 2021

In Romania, territorial/spatial development is understood as the process of transforming the geography of inhabited territories, taking into consideration: territorial planning, urban planning and development, public works, habitat and housing, construction. It is governed by the regulatory framework in force, aligning its policies and strategies with the main reference documents at the European level. The construction sector is a key sector for investment and economic development, playing an important role in achieving the sustainable development objectives through the impact that the quality of construction has on the quality of life and by ensuring the necessary environment for most human activities. The building permit is the final authority act of the local public administration on the basis of which the execution of construction works is allowed in accordance with the measures provided by law regarding the placement, design, construction, operation and post-use of buildings. Starting from comparative structural analyses on the number of building permits issued by the local public administrations in the South-East Region, the objective of this research has been to obtain a dynamic image, through a quantitative assessment, of the number of building permits issued for residential buildings, highlighting the way in which they directly influence the sustainable development of urban and rural localities in the South-East Region of Romania.
SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF A BENZOTHIAZOLE DYE MODIFIED WITH POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL
Authors: Maskevich A. A.
Published: December 2021

The spectral properties of a new benzothiazole dye modified with polyethylene glycol have been investigated. A strong dependence of the fluorescence quantum yield on the viscosity and polarity of the medium has been shown, i.e. the conjugation of the dye with polyethylene glycol does not lead to the loss of the properties

of the molecular rotor, while significantly reduces its aggregation. When incorporated into amyloid fibrils, the quantum yield of the dye increases by more than 40 times; the new dye can be regarded as an efficient fluorescent probe for amyloid fibrils detection and research. In this case, not only the intensity, but also the position of the absorption spectrum can be used as a sensitive parameter. The presence of blood plasma proteins (albumins) in the solution has practically no effect on the position of the absorption spectrum and has little effect on the fluorescence intensity of the probe.
MANIFESTATION IN IR-LUMINESCENCE OF THE CROSS RELAXATION PROCESSES BETWEEN NV CENTERS IN WEAK MAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Filimonenko D. S. , Yasinskii V. M. , Nizovtsev A. P. , Kilin S. Ya. , Jelezko F.
Published: December 2021

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the effect of magnetic field on the luminescence from an ensemble of NV centers in diamond. It was found that the intensity of infrared luminescence associated with transitions between singlet levels of NV centers shows a pronounced increase of a near-zero magnetic field. The influence of the power and polarization of laser radiation on the amplitude and shape of the revealed local maximum in IR-luminescence of NV centers is investigated. An eight-level photophysical model of an NV center in the presence of an arbitrarily directed magnetic field has been constructed

and on its basis the calculation has been performed of the luminescence intensity emitted by an ensemble of NV center, both in the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum. It is shown that the phenomenological allowance for the cross-relaxation of NV centers between each other and with other paramagnetic

centers in a diamond within the framework of this model allows describing the experimentally observed fluorescence features of an ensemble of NV centers in the presence of weak magnetic fields.
SILICON PLASMA HEATING IN AIR AT THE COMBINED BICHROMATIC LASER RADIATION AT WAVELENGTHS OF 355 and 532 nm
Authors: Chumakov A. N. , Lychkoskyi V. V.
Published: December 2021

The formation and heating of laser plasma under the irradiation of silicon in ambient air by pulsed laser radiation with wavelengths of 355 and 532 nm at radiation power density up to 5 GW/cm2 has been experimentally investigated. An increased efficiency of the formation and heating of ablation plasma under bichromatic

irradiation of silicon with advanced action of nanosecond pulses with a wavelength of 355 nm has been established.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPLEXES OF HOECHST 33258 AND METHYLENE BLUE WITH BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN
Authors: Antonyan A. P. , Petrosyan N. H. , Vardevanyan P. O.
Published: December 2021

The comparative study on interaction of bisbenzimidazole compound Hoechst 33258 and thiazine dye methylene blue (MB) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was carried out by spectroscopic methods. Denaturation curves as well as absorption spectra and differential absorption spectra of protein-ligand complexes

were obtained. Denaturation temperature of albumin complexes of BSA with Hoechst 33258 was shown to decrease with the growth of concentration ratio of ligand/protein, while for MB, vice versa, denaturation temperature increases. Changes in absorption spectra and differential absorption spectra of the complexes

of ligands with albumin were revealed, which result from the binding of these DNA-specific ligands to protein. It is supposed that at the interaction of Hoechst 33258 with BSA some loosening of protein compact structure occurs due to the partial loss of helicity of α-structures, while for MB an increase of the protein compact structure takes place.