bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF MACRO- AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF STEEL GRINDING BALLS ON THEIR IMPACT RESISTANCE
Authors: Umanskii A. A. , Golovatenko A. V. , Oskolkova T. N. , Simachev A. S. , Shchukin A. G.
Published: June 2019

Based on the analysis of the literature and production data, it is shown that the wear resistance of steel grinding balls, which are the main grinding medium for crushing various types of raw materials in the drum type mills, is determined not only by hardness of the surface layer, but also by the quality of their macro- and microstructure. At the same time, there is a complex nature of dependences of the balls impact resistance on the above mentioned parameters with their simultaneous impact, which determines the relevance of research in this direction. Series of experimental studies was carried out in order to obtain scientifically based dependencies of impact resistance of grinding balls on the quality of their macro- and microstructure. The grinding balls with a diameter of40 mm,50 mmand60 mmproduced by OJSC “EVRAZ ZSMK” (Novokuznetsk) and by JSC “Industrial Solutions” (Nizhny Tagil) were used. The research was carried out by metallographic, durometric and fractographic methods of analysis; tests of grinding balls on the impact resistance were performed on the impact drop machine. According to the results of metallographic studies it was determined that the volume-hardened balls are characterized by a three zone structure. The surface hardened layer with a depth from 1.9 to7.4 mmis martensite. The transition zone with thickness from 1.0 to1.7 mmhas a structure martensite + troostite. The central zone occupies the entire remaining volume of the ball and has several varieties of microstructure: ferrite + perlite, martensite + troostite + ferrite, martensite + troostite. On the basis of generalization of the obtained experimental data, it was established that at surface hardness of balls within 42 – 52 HRC the quality of macrostructure (presence of ﬂakes) is the parameter determining impact resistance. For balls with high surface hardness (57 – 61 HRC) the most significant impact on impact resistance is provided by non-uniform microstructure of metal, which causes a significant diﬀerence in hardness across the balls crosssection.
KINEMATICS OF METALLURGICAL CUTTERS WITH PARALLEL BLADES
Authors: Bychkov I. V. , Dvornikov L. T. , Zhukov I. A.
Published: June 2019

Cutting with parallel blades cutters consists of three periods: blades ridging in metal; cutting; chipping (separation). Maximum force is required at the end of the ridging period and at the beginning of cutting. Since one of the blades is stationary, the second blade in cutting process has to go deep into the entire thickness of metal to cut the billet. For example, if thickness of metal is20 mm, then the upper blade needs to pass20 mmfor its cutting. If you make both blades moving towards each other, cutting eﬀort will be less. In this case, each blade cutting20 mmof metal will pass 10mm. In order not to make mechanism of cutter with two movable blades too complicated, it is important to ensure its mobility from one drive. So, there acute the issue of arrangement possibility of blades moving towards each other with guaranteed strength of the units, transmitting eﬀort on the blades. Kinematic scheme of cutters with blades moving parallel to each other in a vertical plane is proposed. Advantages of the proposed cutters design are the following: counter movement of blades requires less eﬀort to cut the billet; force from each blade is distributed to two connecting rods, reducing load on each of them; since blades move towards each other, the main cutting force is distributed along the units of the mechanism and is transmitted to the engine, which reduces load on the frame and foundation when cutting; when blades move towards each other, metal separation occurs faster, it allows to concentrate maximal force during cutting with minimal load on the engine; the cut part of the billet does not fall below the roller bed at the end of cutting, so installation of the lower movable table is not required. Mobility of the proposed mechanism is determined by P.L. Chebyshev formula with its value = 1. Kinematic analysis of blades is carried out using a special method, which is in using point of connecting rods intersection.
EFFECT OF SCRAP USING IN CHARGE ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF ZhS6U NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOY. PART 1. MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND PHASE COMPOSITION OF ZhS6U ALLOY PREPARED WITH SCRAP
Authors: Koltygin A. V. , Bazhenov V. E. , Bazlov A. I. , Bazlova T. A. , Belov V. D.
Published: June 2019

Expensive nickel superalloys are used for manufacture of cast blades of gas turbine engine (GTE). However, for the blades only a small amount of alloy was used and the remainder is used for gating system. Therefore, the most proportion of alloy after casting is a scrap, the use of which as raw material for blades production significantly reduces their cost. However, the use of scrap is associated with some risks: the possibility of alloy contamination by nonmetallic inclusions and loss of alloying elements. So, the investigation of a scrap usage effect on the blades properties is very important. In the first part of article the influence of the scrap amount on the microstructure and phase composition of the ZhS6U-VI nickel-base superalloy were examined. The GTE blades samples, fully produced from the scrap of ZhS6U-VI superalloy by investment casting were investigated. The scrap before using was cleaned from contaminations and ceramic mold remains. Samples were cut from blade dowetail and gating system near dowetail. In addition, cylindrical samples that were casted into the copper mold from the virgin alloy ZhS6U-VI without the scrap and from alloys with 50 % and 100 % of scrap were researched. The alloys microstructures were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The phase’s identification was carried out using the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and the calculations of phase composition were made by Thermo-Calc software and literature data about phases in nickel-based superalloys. Content of alloying elements (except carbon) was measured by EDS analysis. The studies were carried out on the samples as-casted and annealed for 4 hours at 1210 °C. It is shown that the use of scrap does not fundamentally change the alloy phase composition at both during vacuum induction melting and vacuum arc melting.
ELECTRON THEORY OF METALS REDUCTION: THEORY AND METHODS OF METALS EXTRACTION FROM VARIOUS TYPES OF ORE
Authors: Roshchin V. E. , Gamov P. A. , Roshchin A. V. , Salikhov S. P.
Published: June 2019

The present work analyzes the existing mechanism of solid-phase metals reduction from oxides. It was shown that the existed mechanisms of reduction do not explain the diversity of the practical results leading to a generally accepted opinion that there is no single uniform reduction mechanism. This study presents the results of the solid-phase reduction of metals from lump magnetite, siderite, titanomagnetite and chromite types of ore by carbon from various deposits. The obtained results were compared with the results of reduction of chromium, silicon and aluminum by carbon from pure oxides. Change in the electrical characteristics and analysis of the processes of electron- and mass transfer under reducing conditions were performed to clarify the general theoretical concepts of reduction mechanism. It has been concluded that there is general process of transformation of the crystal lattice of oxide into the crystal lattice of metal for reduction of different metals. The positions of electron theory for solid-phase reduction of metals from crystal lattice of oxides were developed using the basic concepts of chemistry, solid state physics about imperfect crystals, quantum mechanics and character of electron distribution and transfer in metals and ionic semiconductors. The theory embraces all the known results of reduction with formation of metal on the surface of high-grade lump ore, nucleation of metal inside of the complex and low-grade types of ore and formation and sublimation of suboxides. Major ideas of the developing theory of electron reduction have been formulated on the basis of metals reduction as a result of the exchange of electrons between the reducing agent and metal cations in oxides by means of the charged anion vacancies formed on the surface and their scattering in the volume. The transformation of the cations’ ionic bond in oxides into metallic bond of the metal phase on the surface (or inside of the oxide lattice) occurs without the displacement of the cations over significant distances and thermodynamic difficulties for the formation of metallic nucleus when the charged anion vacancies merge (skipping the stage of formation of the atoms of metal). There might be no direct contact between the metal and the reducing agent in case of formation of the metal phase inside of the oxide volume. As a result, harmful impurities from the reducing agent, e.g. carbon and sulphur, do not penetrate into iron during reduction of complex and low-grade types of ore. Therefore, for the reduction of iron from such an ore, it is possible to utilize a low-quality reducing agent, e.g. steam coal. The selective solid-phase reduction of iron from lump complex ore makes it possible to obtain a metal-oxide composite material containing pure DRI and valuable oxides which are difficult for reduction, i.e. oxides of magnesium, titanium and vanadium.
Adding solid fertilisers to soil in pot experiments v2
Authors: LE Imakumbili Matema
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes how rates of granular/dry fertiliser can be calculated and added to soil in pot experiments before planting.
Barcode plasmid library cloning v1
Authors: Emert Benjamin
Published: June 2019

Protocol for cloning Time Machine barcode plasmid library.
Making and applying fertilisers in solution form in pot experiments v1
Authors: LE Imakumbili Matema
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes how fertiliser solutions can be made and applied to already established plants in pot experiments. Before planting, fertiliser can be directly applied in solid form by evenly mixing it into the soil. This however cannot be done once the experiment has been initiated with plants already established. The fertiliser will hence have to be added to the soil with minimal disturbance and one way of doing this is by applying it in solution form. Adding fertiliser in solution form in pot experiments is particularly useful when second or third fertiliser applications have to be made for fertiliser applied in two or more split applications. Split applications of fertilisers are common for highly leachable fertilisers (e.g. urea), as this helps extend nutrient availability to growing plants. For various reasons, solid fertiliser application methods like banding or broadcasting are not suitable for pot experiments, hence the application of fertilisers to soils in established pot experiments in solution form. Fertiliser calculations are needed to determine the amount of fertiliser to add to pots. This protocol gives one example of a fertiliser calculation, but you will need to do your own reading for further understanding. See the attached document for guidance.
HTAPP_Dissociation of human metastatic breast cancer lymph node excision biopsy to a single-cell suspension for single-cell RNA-seq v1
Authors: Slyper Michal , Waldman Julia , Wu Jingyi , Kanodia Abhay , Vigneau Sébastien , Rotem Asaf , Johnson Bruce , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2019

This protocol has been successfully used for the dissociation of a human metastatic breast cancer axillary lymph node excision biopsy to a single-cell suspension followed by single-cell RNA sequencing using the 10x Genomics system.
CODEX Oligo-labeled Antibody Conjugation v1
Authors: Goltsev Yury , Samusik Nikolay , Kennedy-Darling Julia , Bhate Salil , Hale Matthew , Vazquez Gustavo , Black Sarah , Nolan Garry
Published: June 2019

CODEX is a technology that uses oligo labeled antibodies, specialized fluorescent probes, and a companion instrument along-side a standard fluorescence microscope to create single-cell resolution fluorescence data across a multitude of parameters within spatial context in a single tissue. CODEX was developed by Yury Goltsev and Nikolay Samusik in the laboratory of Garry Nolan at Stanford. The technology is being commercialized by Akoya Biosciences.
Vegetation Monitoring Protocol for measuring and collecting ecological data v2
Authors: Hufft Rebecca , Alba Christina , Sahud Amy
Published: June 2019

This protocol outlines the basic methods for measuring understory percent cover, soil moisture, tree canopy cover, and plant species richness, as well as for collecting plant specimens to be vouchered in the herbarium. These measurements estimate the abundance and presence of plant species in an area, and link them to environmental conditions (soil water and light availability) that may affect their distributions. Together, these data can reveal patterns in plant community or ecosystem processes. The understory percent cover measurements will be made using the line-point intercept method. In this method, a 25m transect is placed along the ground with a 25m by 1m belt transect to either side of it. Percent cover is measured along the transect, along with soil moisture and tree canopy cover. Plant richness is measured in the belt transect and the plant vouchering is done outside of the transect and belt transect area.
Antibody conjugation to lanthanides for Multiplexed Ion Beam Imaging (MIBI) v1
Authors: Jiang Sizun , Rovira-Clave Xavier , P Nolan Garry
Published: June 2019

Multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI) is a method that uses secondary ion mass spectrometry to image antibodies tagged with isotopically pure elemental metal reporters. It is capable of analyzing up to 50 targets simultaneously over a five-log dynamic range. MIBI was developed by Mike Angelo and Sean Bendall in the laboratory of Garry Nolan at Stanford. The current instrument is commercialized by IonPath Inc. The protocol below describes the conjugation of primary antibodies to isotopically pure lanthanides. This process has been extensively described by Guojun Han, et al. in the manuscript Metal-isotope-tagged monoclonal antibodies for high-dimensional mass cytometry.
HTAPP_Smart-Seq2 Version 6.1 (SS2-M for cells) v1
Authors: Kowalczyk Monika , Trombetta John , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes a modified version of Smart-Seq2 (Trombetta et al.) to obtain full-length transcriptomic data from single cells.
Familiarity with Collocations in EFL Context and Strategies Utilized in Translating Them into Arabic
Authors: Habtoor Hussein Ali , Al-Swaidan Raisah Hamad
Published: June 2019

This paper aims at examining the familiarity of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners at Najran University with English collocations and the strategies being used when translating them into Arabic. The data of this study are collected from 40 female EFL learners of the English Department at Najran University. The participants’ familiarity with English collocations is measured by means of a two-part test adopted from Gyllstad (2007). A translation test consisting of 48 collocations in both short texts and short sentences has been used to determine the participants’ familiarity with translation strategies when translating English collocations into Arabic. Results show that Najran University EFL learners’ knowledge of collocations is unsatisfactory and below what is expected from them as English language major students. The results of the Pearson correlation test indicate a positive relationship between the learners’ familiarity with English collocations and their ability to translate them into Arabic using different translation strategies.
Study on Origin of English and Chinese Proverb
Authors: Yu Rongmei
Published: June 2019

Proverbs are the summary of class struggle, working practice and life experience of human beings. Proverbs represent the unique characteristics and cultural features of a nation. People of various cultural backgrounds communicate with each other. Cross-cultural communication has been the focus of the present era. Only through communication can we learn from each other and come to know each other better. Only through communication can we give full play to human wisdom and enjoy the common fruits of civilization. The achievements brought about by cultural communication can never be over-estimated. Therefore, in order to gain a better cross-cultural communication with English speaking countries, it’s not only important but also necessary to understand the English and Chinese proverbs and their origins from a cultural perspective. This thesis analyzes and compares the cultural differences between English and Chinese proverbs from four aspects---Human experiences, Literary works, Religions and Social discrimination.
Lexical Features and Translation of English for Psychology
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Yu Gaofeng
Published: June 2019

English for Psychology has its particular lexical features, such as lots of specialized common words, abbreviations, high requirements for professional knowledge. This paper, by way of examples, analyses these lexical features and offers the related translation strategies.
On Political Language Ideology: Critical View of Indonesian President Speech
Authors: Latupeirissa David Samuel , Laksana I Ketut Darma , Artawa Ketut , Sosiowati I Gusti Ayu Gde
Published: June 2019

The current research aimed to explore the political language of Indonesia’s first president, Soekarno. The exploration was conducted to reveal the ideology behind Soekarno’s political language. The research was focused on inspecting the language form and ideology of the language. The researchers have applied the three dimensions of analysis of the Critical Discourse Analysis theory proposed by Fairclough. The projection of language form was inspected through the analysis of the first level, while the projection of ideology was inspected through the analysis of the second level. Following that, an analysis of the third level was conducted to indicate social-political change in Indonesia as an impact of Soekarno’s political language. The findings have drawn conclusion about the three main ideologies of Soekarno that have shaped nation of Indonesia. They are ‘unity as the most important value’, revolution as the soul of Indonesian’ and, ‘imperialism as the main enemy’.
The Influence of Suggested Cornell Note-taking Method on Improving Writing Composition Skills of Jordanian EFL Learners
Authors: Alzu'bi Mohammad Akram
Published: June 2019

The study aimed at discovering the impact of suggested Cornell Note-Taking Training Model on improving writing composition skills. The sample of the study consisted of (58) English students in the second year selected randomly from the English departments in Al-Balqa Applied university. The sample was divided into two groups: experimental and control group. The researcher designed an exam and examined the students in both groups in pre-test and post-test to find the equivilance and the difference between both groups. After examination and analyzing data, the results of the study show statistical significant differences at the significance level (α≤ 0.05) between the mean scores of the experimental group which taghut by using Cornell method and the control group which used the conventional method in teaching composition.
A Survey on the Causes of Non-English Majors College English Learning Burnout in a Local University in China—A Case Study of Anhui University of Science and Technology
Authors: Zhang Yaoqin
Published: June 2019

This paper aims at explaining the college English “learning burnout” phenomenon with descriptions and statistics from a survey conducted in Anhui University of Science and Technology in October, 2018. The survey was mainly geared to investigate on the causes of college English “learning burnout” syndrome among freshmen and sophomores. The analyses of the causes are made from both learners’ and teachers’ perspectives. With some solutions are presented in the end. It is hoped to help to solve and enlighten the improvement of College English learning and teaching in local science and technology universities in China.
A Semantic Approach to the English Modality
Authors: Zhang Jinghua
Published: June 2019

Modality is a semantic concept dealing with necessity and possibility of the knowledge of the world. It is basically divided into two types, viz. epistemic modality and deontic modality. Various grammatical categories are possibly used to show modality. However, modal verbs are one of the most important means related to the modality. Modal verbs are flexible in showing modality. This article discusses basic knowledge of modality including definition, classification (epistemic and deontic) and relationship between modality and modal verbs etc.
The Ka- Passive Form in Balinese
Authors: Sujaya Nyoman , Artawa Ketut , Kardana I Nyoman , Satyawati Made Sri
Published: June 2019

This paper accounts for the ka- passive form in Balinese. It focuses on its syntactic and semantic representation. Using the data taken from Balinese narrative texts issued in the Bali Orti of Bali Post newspaper, and applying the RRG theory by Van Valin and Randy (1999), it was found out that the ka- passive belongs to a morphological passive voice of Balinese where the the voice is marked on the verb (it is marked by prefix ka-). The ka- base form can be attached by applicative suffixes such as -ang, -in, and –an. These morphological verbs imply various syntactic structure and semantic representation.
Mechanisms of “Unideal Character” Sexual Type Introduction to TV-Content
Authors: Hrysiuk Volodymyr
Published: June 2019

In the given article the definition of a sexual type “unideal character” is proposed and the functions, techniques, a model and a mechanism of its use in the serials of the beginning of the XXI century, that are free for the Ukrainian media audience are described. On the example of TV serials such as “Game of Thrones”, “Doctor House”, “Internes”, “Sherlock”, “Sex and the City”, “The Grand Century. Roksolana” the basic features of creation of the main character image according to the sexual type of “unideal character” are revealed and the methods of movies popularization through demonstration of various sexual scenes on the screen (incest, gay-lesbian-sex and bisexual relationship) are described. These methods are based on the effect of hyper-realistic involvement, provocation that encourages memory retention of the character as well as its identification.

The methods of monitoring (American, British, Russian and Turkish TV series at the beginning of the XXI century), analysis of characteristics of creation of the main character image in TV serials), descriptive method of features of creation of sexual types “unideal character” as well as the method of comparison of actors from different movies were used in the work. The objective of the study is to describe the mechanisms and to ascertain the functions of introducing the type “unideal character” to media content (on the example of TV serials such as “Game of Thrones”, “Dr. House”, “Interns”, “Sherlock”, “Sex and the City”, “The Grand Century. Roxolana”).
Multimedia Technologies of French Non-Native and International TV and Radio Channels
Authors: Pushkaruk Nataliia
Published: June 2019

The article examines the multimedia technologies used by the French TV channel France 24, the RFI radio station and the international television channel TV5 Monde in highlighting current information. The objective of the article is to ascertain the reasons of increased attention to multimedia content and interactivity of French broadcasting channels. To achieve this objective, the following methods were used: observation, analysis, generalization. The definition of the concept “multimedia” was considered and the monitoring of multimedia content of French media materials was implemented. As a result it was determined the most popular technologies and provided the recommendations on the use of multimedia technologies in the programs and on the web-site of the Ukrainian TV channel UA | TV.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES OF TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS SYSTEMS VISIBILITY
Authors: Dmitriev A. V.
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the introduction of digital traceability technologies in transport and logistics systems, examines the legal framework for digital labeling and traceability of goods, substantiates the platform management concept of transport and logistics systems. According to this concept, the focal point of the transport chain is not the logistics operator, but an integrated digital platform management of transport and cargo flows, uniting all participants and providing a high degree of s transparency and traceability through the supply chain, evaluated the efficiency of the transport and logistics systems based on extensive use of modern digital information and communication technologies, with which it is possible to control orders to carry out the planning, organization, monitoring and control throughout the delivery procedure of goods
INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN NON-ENERGY COMPANIES
Authors: Nalbandyan G. G.
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the generalization and descriptive analysis of foreign market entry strategies used by Russian non-energy companies. According to the research results, in most cases, the companies use either the replication strategy of offering a standardized product in all countries, or a strategy of limited adaptation products by local business units to local conditions. In addition, the author assesses the impact of the liability of foreignness effect on internationalization process of Russian non-energy companies.
La pandemia de gripe de 1918-1919 en territorio asturiano: de padecimiento histórico a enfermedad emergente cien años después / The Influenza pandemics of 1918-1919 in Asturian territory: Analysis of a 100-year process going from historical suffering to emerging disease
Authors: Sánchez Fernández Luis Vicente , Arcos González Pedro , Neri Vela Rolando , Hernández Martín Elisa
Published: June 2019

La pandemia de gripe de 1918 y 1919 ha sido considerada una de las mayores catástrofes sanitarias del siglo xx. España alcanzó una tasa de mortalidad de 13,03 por mil habitantes. Este estudio pone de manifiesto una realidad diferenciadora en el Principado de Asturias, por un lado: Oviedo, Gijón y Avilés como núcleos urbanos con una tasa de mortalidad de 8,84 por mil habitantes y de otro Cangas del Narcea representativode una zona rural donde la enfermedad duró más tiempo y causó una mortalidad significativamente mayor. Esta gripe es una enfermedad que sigue activa entre nosotros.La pandémie de grippe de 1918 et 1919 en Espagne a étéconsidérée comme l’une des plus grandes catastrophes sanitaires du xxe siècle, atteignant un taux de mortalité de 13,03 pour mille habitants. Cette étude montre de différents impacts de l’épidémie dans les zones urbaines et rurales de la Principauté des Asturies. Dans les zones urbaines d’Oviedo, de Gijón et d’Avilés, le taux de mortalité était de 8,84 pour mille habitants, tandis que dans la zone rurale de Cangas del Narcea, la maladie a duré plus longtemps et a entraîné une mortaliténettement plus élevée. Bien que présentant des différences épidémiologiques et temporelles, la grippe reste une maladie périodiquement présente parmi nous.The 1918/19 influenza pandemic has been considered one of the biggest health disaters of the twentieth century. In Spain it reached a mortality rate of 13.03 per thousand inhabitants. This study shows a distinct reality in the Principality of Asturias, on the one hand we have Oviedo, Gijón and Avilés as centers of urban structure with a mortality rate of 8.80 per thousand inhabitants. On the other hand, Cangas del Narcea, representing a rural area, where the disease lasted longer and caused a significantly higher mortality. Flu is a disease that is still active today.
Ultrasound steatometry in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pilot results
Authors: Venidiktova Darya Yu. , Borsukov Alexey V. , Alipenkova Anna V. , Eremkina Alina V. , Tagil Anton O. , Trushova Valeria A.
Published: June 2019

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the ultrasound steatometry technique in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Materials and methods. 68 patients aged 19–62 years (median age 40.5 years) were examined, 30 men (44.1%) and 38 women (55.9%), who underwent a single diagnostic algorithm of 7 (8) stages: questioning, clinical examination, noninvasive bioimpedance, biochemical blood test, liver ultrasound in B-mode, determination of hepatorenal index, ultrasound steatometry, liver biopsy.
Results. In 4 patients (5.88%), a remote clinical picture of the metabolic syndrome, fatty liver infiltration was diagnosed. Signs of steatohepatitis were present in 19 (27.9%) patients, signs of cirrhosis — in 2 (2.9%). The sensitivity and specificity were 60.3% and 72.6%, respectively, for the B-mode, 44.3% and 51.9%, respectively, for the ultrasound measurement of the hepatorenal index, 90.6% and 92.2%, respectively, for ultrasonic steatometry.
Conclusion. Ultrasound steatometry is an informative method for screening of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Correlation (r) of the ultrasound diagnosis of steatosis with biopsy at the stage S0 corresponds to 0.81, at the stage S1 — to 0.68, at the stage S2 — to 0.74, at the stage S3 — to 0.88, that indicates a high information value of this method.
Clinical significance of ureaplasmas in urogenital pathology
Authors: Kovalyk Vladimir P. , Vladimirova Elena V. , Rubasheva Tayana V. , Sirmays Natalia S.
Published: June 2019

The clinical significance of Ureaplasmas in urogenital pathology is reviewed. Ureaplasmas belong to the class Mollicutes. Asymptomatic carriage of these bacteria is common, and most individuals do not develop disease. Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum are sexually transmitted bacteria among humans implicated in a variety of disease states including but not limited to: nongonococcal urethritis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, chorioamnionitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates. U. urealyticum has been associated with urethritis in men and is revealed in a high concentration that confirms its etiological role in the disease. Men with a high U. urealyticum load are considered for treatment, however, the data on the therapy efficiency have been insufficient so far. In symptomatic women, bacterial vaginosis should always be tested for, and the corresponding therapy should be prescribed in case of positive results.
Psoriazisin klinik şiddeti ile histopatolojik bulgular arasında ilişki var mıdır? klinikopatolojik bir çalışma
Authors: ASLAN Figen
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Psoriazis, şiddeti hastadan hastaya değişen yaygın bir kronik inflamatuar deri hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmada, histopatolojik bulgular ile hastalığın klinik şiddeti arasında ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, hem klinik hem de deri biyopsisi ile histopatolojik olarak psoriazis vulgaris tanısı konulan 51 olgu incelendi. Olguların parafin bloklarından hazırlanan kesitleri mikroskobik olarak incelendi ve bulgular çeşitli histopatolojik özellikler açısından kaydedildi. Hastalığın şiddetini  değerlendirmek için psoriazis alan şiddet indeksi (PASI) kullanıldı. PASI ile ilgili veriler hastaların tıbbi dosyalarından elde edildi. Hastalar daha sonra yüksek PASI skoru (≥10) ve düşük PASI skoru (<10) olanlar olarak gruplandırıldı. Histopatolojik özellikler ile PASI skoru arasındaki ilişki Pearson korelasyon testi ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Elli bir hastanın yaş ortalaması 45.19 idi. Çalışmada, Psoriazis vulgaris olgularında (31 erkek, 20 kadın) 1.5: 1 olan erkek: kadın oranıyla erkek baskınlığı görüldü. Psoriazisin aile öyküsü % 29 hastada pozitifti. En sık görülen histopatolojik özellikler: hiperkeratoz (% 100), parakeratoz (% 100) (fokal parakeratoz (% 23), konfluent parakeratoz (% 77)), rete ridgelerin uzaması (% 98) ve vasküler dilatasyon (% 88) idi.  Hastaların 30'unda (% 58.8) düşük PASI skoru (<10), 21'inde (% 41.2) yüksek PASI skoru (≥10) vardı. Hastalığın şiddeti (PASI skoru) ile histopatolojik özelliklerin herhangi biri ile ilişki bulunmadı. Sonuç: Psoriazisin karakteristik temel histopatolojik bulguları olmasına rağmen bu histopatolojik bulguların hiçbiri doğrudan hastalığın klinik şiddeti  ile ilişkili değildir.
Propuesta de diseño de alojamientos rurales indígenas en la comunidad Nasa-Páez en Toribío, Cauca. Turismo y cultura en el posacuerdo
Authors: Bolaños-Silva Tomás , Ruiz-Solano Julián Ricardo , Farfán-Sopó Maria Patricia , González-Vallejo Juan David , Ruiz-Triana Valeria
Published: June 2019

Designing indigenous rural tourist accommodations in Toribío, Cauca (Colombia) becomes relevant in the framework of the post-agreement due to the alternatives for touristic development in territories that experienced the armed conflict. Three types of alternatives are proposed for a gradual intervention in traditional indigenous settlements, starting from the adaptation of a room, until the construction of an independent module, with the purpose of developing tourist services. These designs arise from consultation with the tourist planning groups in Toribío to preserve the worldview and culture of this territory.
Narrativas comunitarias y dinámicas territoriales del proceso de implementación del Acuerdo de Paz en Miranda, Cauca (2016-2018)
Authors: Vélez-Torres Irene
Published: June 2019

In compliance with the Colombian Peace Agreement, signed in 2016, the municipality of Miranda was one of the designated sites for the congregation and disarming of the oldest guerrilla in Latin America: FARC-EP. In addition, it was one of the 170 prioritized municipalities by the national government for the implementation of a series of mechanisms for territorial planning in the context of peace, including a program that deals with the substitution of the large swaths of coca and marihuana that can be found in the region: the National Program of Substitution of Illicit Crops (PNIS). This case report, textual and photographic, comes from the accompaniment carried out between the end of 2016 and 2018 of the implementation of several of the commitments as signed by the guerrilla and the Colombian government. Based on a deeply ethnographic and territorial perspective, this report critically exhibits the narratives of failure that surged within the ex-combats from the Rehabilitation Zone “Dagoberto Ortiz” in Monte Redondo, as well as the dynamics of social organizations and governmental institutions in the process of state-building during this important moment of social and political transition.
Valoración patrimonial del Parque-Monumento, Trujillo, Colombia: memorial democrático al servicio de una comunidad de memoria
Authors: Garzón-Ochoa Edward
Published: June 2019

The memory boom gave way to the construction and proliferation of a memorial heritage that materially and symbolically reflects the identity of the communities affected by violence. In Trujillo, Colombia, after the 1986-1994 massacre, the construction of the Parque-Monumento was proposed as a reparation measure; a democratic memorial, created with the intention of dealing with pain, demanding justice and truth, dignifying and empowering the victims, and spinning the social ties broken by violence. However, the place has been the target of criticism and has even suffered several attacks in recent years.
"No olvidemos a los muertos". Animero y violencia en Puerto Berrío, Antioquia (Colombia)
Authors: Figueroa-Salamanca Helwar Hernando , Gómez-Sepúlveda Claudia Lorena
Published: June 2019

This article describes a popular religious practice: the worship of the Souls of Purgatory and the dead bodies thrown into the Magdalena River in Puerto Berrío, Antioquia. This practice is a current belief maintained through the figure of the animero, who represents the identity, devotion, and community memory of the port, enhanced by the corpses that run aground along the river banks and that are religiously adopted by its inhabitants. In these rituals, the locals give names to the corpses, they bury them with dignity and pray for them against the oblivion desired by their perpetrators. Adopting the victims with unknown identity or John Does in this area, severely affected by the armed conflict, helps to recreate the memory of the dead and thus strengthens the identity of the corpses in relation to the figure of the animero. This description was achieved through participant observation, interviews with the locals, and the life story of the current animero.
RATIONALIZATION AND BUREAUCRACY: IDEAL-TYPE BUREAUCRACY BY MAX WEBER
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Miguel , Serpa Sandro
Published: June 2019

Purpose of this study: This article intends to contribute to the discussion of the heuristic and analytical potentialities of the ideal type of bureaucracy proposed by Max Weber for the analysis of contemporary organizations. Methodology: For this essay, a bibliographical research was carried out on this topic, complemented by our experience as sociologists in teaching and research on the organizational theme in some databases, such as Web of Knowledge, DOAJ, SCIELO, and institutional repositories. Findings: For Max Weber, the bureaucracy presents very specific characteristics that differ, in varied situations, from the representation and application often conferred to this model of organizational administration. Implications: Bureaucracy is a notion with great social visibility and is associated with an image where negative aspects are emphasized. However, in discursive records of a scientific nature, bureaucracy is a relevant concept in Sociology and Organizational Theory studies.
THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVES IN THE SMES EMPOWERMENT IN RURAL AREAS
Authors: Hayati Safaah Restuning , Khasanah Miftakhul
Published: June 2019

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the role of Mitra Dhuafa Cooperative in Gemolong Sub-district of Sragen, Indonesia, in empowering rural microenterprise, and to analyze its success rate by measuring the correlation between micro financing and the level of capability, and poverty alleviation.

Methodology: The method used in this study is quantitative analysis. The data collection was obtained through a survey by distributing questionnaires to 100 members of Mitra Dhuafa Cooperative. The data was analyzed using Somers'd Correlation Test, with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software.

Main Findings: The result of data analysis shows a positive relation (0.320) between the level of capability of micro business actors and poverty alleviation. The Indicators of empowerment success were measured by Amartya Sen's capability indicators, namely, opportunities and access in the economic, social, health, education, openness, and security fields. The research concludes by stating that Mitra Dhuafa Cooperative has succeeded in reducing the level of poverty by increasing the capability, bargaining power and independence of micro business actors.

Applications: This study can be useful for implementing poverty alleviation program and Islamic microfinance programs in rural areas.

Novelty/Originality: The combined implementation of Grameen Bank model and Sen’s capability approach to analyze its success for poverty alleviation in rural areas.
POLITENESS IN ONLINE COMMUNICATION: RETAILER-CLIENT INTERACTION
Authors: Tengku Sharif Tengku Intan Suzila , Mohamad Noor Mohd Yusri , Omar Siti Rohana
Published: June 2019

Purpose of the study: The paper aims to unfold politeness in online communication among retailers and clients and debates some ways where cultural values of communication can be taught and thus re-learned.

Methodology: The qualitative approach was adopted where discourse analysis method used to review and analyse the updates and comments from Facebook and WhatsApp of conveniently collected data for this study.

Main Findings: The study suggest a deterioration of cultural values in communication is at an alarming level among retailers and clients in online communication.

Applications of this study: The study will benefit online businesses. Area of studies include business management and communication. Other sub- areas include culture and ethic relations.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study is new to Malaysian business context where multi-racial and multilingual environment play significant roles.
Indirect Feedback: A dialoguing approach to assessment
Authors: Tejeiro Ricardo , Vlachopoulos Dimitrios , Edwards Anthony , Campos Estefania
Published: June 2019

Whilst there is consensus in the current literature that feedback plays a fundamental role to student performance and learning, there is also debate about what makes it effective. Particularly, some assessment instruments, like the National Student Survey in the United Kingdom, reveal that evaluation and feedback are systematically amongst the areas that students are less satisfied with. This paper aims to describe the ‘indirect feedback’ (IF) technique, which was utilised by the principle author in his previous tenure as a Professor at the University of Cadiz (Spain) and to reflect on how it can be applied to overcome some of the limitations presented in a different ‘context of practice’. It is argued that indirect feedback meets many of the principles of good practice, as it “facilitates the development of self-assessment (reflection) in learning, delivers high quality information to students about their learning, encourages teacher and peer dialogue around learning … provides opportunities to close the gap between current and desired performance [and] provides information to teachers that can be used to help shape their teaching” (Nicol & MacFarlane-Dick, 2006, p. 205).
UTILIZATION OF MICROORGANISM ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HALAL FOOD BASED ON BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Faridah Hayyun Durrotul , Sari Silvi Kurnia
Published: June 2019

Biotechnology has rapidly developed until now. The use of biotechnology was very extensive for human needs, including the food industry. Some biotechnological processes, both conventional   modern, were inseparable from the use of microorganisms. A number of certain microorganisms were used in traditional food through fermentation such as yogurt, tape, cheese and salted vegetables. In addition, microorganisms also used in the DNA recombination process to produce high quality food products such as GMO (Genetically Modified Organism). Indonesia is a country with a majority of the Muslim population so that in the provision of food was very concerned about aspects of halal. Included in biotechnology foods that utilizing microorganism and have to pay attention of the halal critical point. In this case, needs to be considered so that every production process can be ensured to avoid contamination of non-halal materials
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur pada Cangkang Telur Penyu Lekang (Lepidochelys olivacea) Gagal Menetas di Pantai Boom Banyuwangi
Authors: Praja Ratih Novita , Yudhana Aditya , Haditanojo Wiyanto
Published: June 2019

Banyuwangi sebagai Kabupaten terluas di Jawa Timur memiliki kawasan konservasi dan tempat penangkaran penyu, salah satunya adalah penyu Lekang (Lepidochelys olivacea) yang sering ditemukan bertelur di kawasan pantai Boom Banyuwangi. Infeksi jamur merupakan salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan telur penyu gagal menetas, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk isolasi dan identifikasi jenis jamur yang terdapat pada cangkang telur penyu Lekang yang gagal menetas. Sampel cangkang telur penyu Lekang dengan kriteria gagal menetas diambil secara acak dari sarang. Isolasi dilakukan di kawasan penangkaran penyu di pantai Boom Banyuwangi dan identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Prodi Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Airlangga, PSDKU Banyuwangi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua jenis jamur yang teridentifikasi, yaitu Fusarium spp. dan Aspergillus spp. dari cangkang telur penyu Lekang yang gagal menetas.
Pengaruh Substitusi Tepung Buah Hala (Pandanus tectorius) dalam Pelet Terhadap Konsumsi Bahan Kering dan Bobot Kelinci Pedaging
Authors: Saraswati Adyayutti Wijang , Al Arif Mohammad Anam , Wibawati Prima Ayu , Damayanti Ratna , Agustono Bodhi , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad
Published: June 2019

Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek substitusi tepung buah hala dalam pelet pada konsumsi bahan kering dan pertambahan bobot badan harian pada kelinci jantan ras Flemish giant. Metode penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 pengulangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor kelinci ras Flemish giant jantan berumur 1,5-2 bulan dengan bobot rata-rata 750 gram. Kelompok perlakuan pakan adalah P0 (100% pakan komersil), P1 (85% pakan komersil dengan 15% tepung buah hala), P2 (75% pakan komersil dengan 25% tepung buah hala), P3 (60% pakan komersil dengan 40% tepung buah hala) dan diberikan sebanyak 150 gram/hari untuk setiap kelompok. Data yang didapat dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan multiple test. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada konsumsi bahan kering, namun tidak pada pertambahan bobot badan harian kelinci (p>0,05). Rata-rata konsumsi bahan kering/hari pada kelompok P0 hingga P3 adalah 121,088±0,57 gram; 120,12±2,11 gram; 119,98±0,87 gram; 118,19±0,67 gram. Rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan harian pada P0 hingga P3 adalah 84±0,79 gram; 83,1±0,89 gram; 78,6±2,84 gram; 74,5±2,09 gram. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kandungan tepung buah hala sebanyak 25% pada pakan tidak terdapat perbedaan pada konsumsi bahan kering dan pertambahan bobot kelinci bila dibandingkan dengan pelet komersil.
Laporan Kasus: Otitis Eksterna dan Auricular Hematoma (Othematoma) pada Anjing Samoyed
Authors: Islami Devi Nur , Dewi Cytra Meyliana Surya , Triana Nadia Marva , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad
Published: June 2019

Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan mengenai kasus otitis eksterna dan auricular hematoma (othematoma) yang menyerang anjing Samoyed berusia 8 tahun. Diagnosis ditetapkan berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh dari anamnesis pemilik anjing serta hasil dari pemeriksaan klinik. Prosedur tata laksana yang paling sering digunakan untuk menangani kasus ini adalah melalui tindakan operasi, serta terapi sistemik pada perawatan pascaoperasi menggunakan kombinasi dari obat antiinflamasi, antibiotik, koagulan dan antihistamin. Berdasarkan pernyataan dari pemilik anjing Samoyed, penilaian penanganan yang telah dilakukan memberikan hasil baik dibuktikan melalui waktu penyembuhan otitis eksterna dan auricular hematoma anjing berkisar 2 minggu.
Studi Morfometrik pada Os Scapula Hewan Kelinci New Zealand White (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Hartadi Erwan Budi , Dewi Winda Kusuma , Listyasari Nadiya , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat makroanatomi dan pengukuran morfometrik Os scapula dexter et sinister hewan kelinci New Zealand White. Os scapula hewan ini memiliki tiga tepi dan berbentuk segitiga. Permukaan bagian medial terdapat Fossa subscapularis yang terlihat paling legok. Permukaan lateral terdapat bagian yang menonjol yaitu Spina scapula. Spina ini membagi Fossa supraspinatus yang memiliki luas lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan Fossa infraspinatus yang jauh lebih lebar. Batas tepi caudal Os scapula merupakan yang paling tebal dibandingkan dengan kedua batas tepi lainnya. Tepi dorsal atau vertebral sedikit berbelok menuju ujung cranial. Sudut ventral Os scapula terdapat Cavitas glenoidales yang seperti cangkir dan melingkar dalam garis besar. Tuberculum supraglenoidales terlihat berkembang pada hewan ini. Tedapat Processus coracoideus yang berkembang seperti paruh. Indeks scapula (Scapular Index) pada hewan ini yaitu sebesar 50 pada sisi dexter dan 53,73 pada sisi sinister. Rasio lebar antara Fossa supraspinatus dan Fossa infraspinatus pada Os scapula dexter et sinister berturut-turut adalah 1:2,05 dan 1:2,04.