bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VERBALIZATION OF NON-VERBALS IN THE UKRAINIAN SPEECH: LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL ASPECT
Authors: Osipova Tetiana Fedorivna
Published: July 2019

Objective of the research is to determine wide contextual potential of linguistic units containing a verbalized non-verbal component. Object of the research is a non-verbal discourse of the modern Ukrainian oral speech; subject of the research is represented by lexical, word-forming, and semantic innovations representing live speech of the modern Ukrainians. Materials of the study include occasional and individual-author’s nominative units recorded in academic dictionaries and dictionaries of lexical as well as lexical and word-forming innovations of the 21st century. Methods of the research are the following: functional (a method of discourse and cognitive-onomasiological analysis), structural (in terms of transformational and component analysis), methods of associative analysis and statistic observation. The results are as follows: the paper has demonstrated that 1) application of morphological and syntactic word-forming mechanism is motivated by the system of communicative-pragmatic intentions of an addresser aimed at the increase in expressiveness or considerable modification of the communicative senses; and 2) increase in total volume of semantic structure of nominative patterns as a result of a) generalization of the initial meaning or widening in semantics; b) concretization or narrowing of the meaning of the initial unit; c) shifts in the meanings, in cases when semantically conventional forming basis is replaced by the basis being a non-verbal motivator, take place to determine communicative situation or modeling of communicative behaviour of an addresser. A methodology to design field structure (LSF) is proposed to study non-morphological methods of word formation; the methodology makes it possible to trace the processes of the formation of interpretational meanings of a lexeme – non-verbal motivator. Practical implication of the results and use of the proposed methods are possible in the process of further analysis of the mechanisms to verbalize non-verbals both at lexical and grammatical linguistic levels. Conclusions are drawn to emphasize the productivity of the process to verbalize non-verbals illustrated by the units of different linguistic levels; in this context, we can observe functional complexity of both word-forming and syntactic processes as well as efficiency of the inter-disciplinary approach which widens the boundaries of linguistic practice and may favour improvement of the linguistic and communicative competence of the native speakers.
TRANSLATION STRATEGIES FOR CONTEXTUAL MEANING
Authors: Panchenko Olena
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze translational strategies used to render a contextual meaning of a lexical unit. The article deals with the general problem of studying word translation in artistic English texts. The object of the article is the novels by  K. Vonnegut. The subject of the article is translational transformations, their frequency and reliability. This problem is a topical one as any type of meaning on the one hand is a certain translational problem, on the other hand, it creates a text specificity. The material of investigation includes abstracts from various artistic texts of classical English literature. The methods of investigation are descriptive and comparative one. Thus the results of the article are the description of stylistic and translational peculiarities of contextual meaning. The mechanism of its translation was studied by a few researchers and the peculiarities of their functioning were analyzed. Translation of contextual meaning is important enough. Every language combines a form and value arbitrary enough and has specific character. All types of meaning have such inherent feature that they contrast to each other, and there are a few expressions that have different values but identical or similar form. The conclusions state that analyzing the classical English literature we can specify such translational transformations as main ones: 1) analogous translation; 2) compensation; 3) replacement. The main ways of translating this kind of words are analogue, compensation, replacement and sometimes omission which is not desirable. Their choice to a certain extent depends on the register of the context: neutral narrative, scientific or colloquial. Ther transformations in scientific context are less pronounced, there we can find analogues, antonymic translations and logical development. All types of replacements are traced in narrative register. The colloquial register may need all types of transformations, compensation among them. The prospects of our investigation are connected with studying possibilities of translating  pragmaic meaning.
Calculation of nonequilibrium thermodynamic potential of Bose system near the condensation point
Authors: Haponenko K. M. , Sokolovsky A. I.
Published: July 2019

Bose system of zero spin particles is considered in the presence of the Bose–Einstein condensate in the vicinity of the phase transition point. The system is investigated in the framework of the Bogolyubov model with the separated condensate. In this model an effective Hamiltonian of the system is introduced by replacing condensate creation and annihilation operators in system Hamiltonian by n01/2 where n0 is occupation number of the condensate state. According to Bogolyubov, the grand canonical thermodynamic potential related to the effective Hamiltonian is considered as nonequilibrium thermodynamic potential. In the present paper this potential is investigated as a function of the small  variable n0. With the help of the thermodynamic perturbation theory it is shown that it is expanded in a series over integer powers of n0. This corresponds to the basic idea of the Landau theory of the phase transitions of the second kind. Coefficients at terms of the first and second orders in n0 in the expansion are calculated for Bose gas in the main approximation in small interaction. Calculation of the coefficients at terms of the third and fourth orders needs accounting contributions of the thermodynamic perturbation theory at least of the 4th order and will be done elsewhere. It is established that the results obtained for Bose gas do not fit into the Landau theory of phase transitions of the second kind. Some comments that discuss the situation are given.
Contact interaction at the composites interfaces between the microcrystalline particulate and the molten matrix
Authors: Sukhova O. V. , Syrovatko Yu. V.
Published: July 2019

The peculiarities in structure formation of interfacial zones at the composite’s boundaries between the molten Fe–C–B–P–Mo matrix and the filler’s solid phases of W2C and WC that have microcrystalline structure were investigated in this work. The structure of the interfaces was studied by methods of metallographic and automatized quantitative analyses. The interfaces of dissolution-and-diffusion type were observed between the matrix and the filler. A dissolution rate of the filler’s microcrystalline phases of W2C and WC was shown to decrease by ~ 1.7–1.8 times as against that of the crystalline phases of the same composition. This result was explained considering the dependence of an average shift of atoms from the equilibrium positions in the lattice on linear size of the phases. Since the average size of the microcrystalline phases is ~ 25 times smaller than that of the crystalline phases, the average shift of microcrystalline phase atoms from the equilibrium positions decreases by ~ 1.7 times. Correspondingly, the microcrystalline particulate dissolves in the molten matrix at the lower rate than crystalline one which prevents from formation of undesirable brittle compounds in the structure of composite’s interfacial zones during infiltration.
Theoretical modeling of two-photon absorption of benzoxazoles exhibiting excited state proton transfer
Authors: Syetov Y.
Published: July 2019

Two-photon absorption spectra of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole, 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)phenol and 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone are modeled by time-dependent density functional theory calculations. In contrast to the linear absorption, where the transitions to the two lowest excited states are leading, the two-photon absorption cross sections are significant for the transitions to higher states which are weak in one-photon absorption spectra. The 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)phenol and 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone demonstrate the maximum cross section of about ten times larger than that of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole. The largest value of the cross section is calculated for 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone to be about 1500 units of Goeppert-Mayer for excitation at 600 nm.
Estudio comparativo de la producción de biomasa en fermentación superficial y en estado líquido de macromicetos con diferentes fuentes nutrimentales
Authors: Rubiano Flórez Diego Felipe , Chegwin-Angarita Carolina , Melo Oscar Orlando , Nieto-Ramírez Ivonne J.
Published: July 2019

Los macromicetos han adquirido gran interés por su importancia alimenticia, terapéutica y económica, razón por la cual es necesario enfocar esfuerzos en la búsqueda de optimizar su producción de biomasa. El presente trabajo buscó determinar y comparar el efecto de la fermentación líquida (FEL) y superficial (FeSup) sobre la producción de biomasa de Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizigus tessulatus y Grifola frondosa empleando 6 fuentes de nutrientes de bajo costo: harina de soja, trigo integral, maíz blanco, maíz amarillo precocido, salvado de trigo y semillas de linaza molida. Los resultados de la FeSup permitieron determinar que la especie de mayor crecimiento radial, indistintamente de la fuente de nutrientes, es F. velutipes seguida de  H. tessulatus y por ultimo G. frondosa, sin embargo, en la FEL no se observa la misma tendencia. La comparación en la producción de biomasa empleando FEL y FeSup, evidenció que los resultados son dependientes de la técnica de cultivo y que la FeSup no puede ser empleada para la selección preliminar de hongos macromicetos, enfocada en la producción de biomasa por FEL.
Apresentação
Authors: De Boni Luis Alberto , Pich Roberto H.
Published: July 2019

No presente número, reservado à Filosofia Medieval, há uma linha que perpassa quase todos os textos: o da recepção do pensamento antigo pelos pensadores do medioevo cristão.
A dialética discursiva de Pedro Abelardo
Authors: Spinelli Miguel
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste artigo consiste emdetalhar como Pedro Abelardo (o precursor daquaestio escolástica) transformou a Dialéticatanto em método de investigação, quanto emtécnica de ensino e de aprendizagem. Nesteartigo, são também examinados os seguintesconceitos: o de probabiliter e o de consensus(referentes ao conhecimento), e o de motes(r-ferente à Ética.
LA NOCIÓN DE PRINCIPIO E NICOLÁS DE CUSA A PARTIR DE COMETARIO AL PARMÉNIDES DE PROCLO
Authors: Machetta Jorge M.
Published: July 2019

La valoración filosófica del pensa-miento cusano ha sido el resultado de pacientesinvestigaciones que lograron liberar su imagen deapresuradas y polêmicas calificaciones. Ennuestra ponencia procuramos poner de manifies-to un aspecto de la presencia concreta del pen-samiento neoplatónico en el cusano, En lo que eimismo Nicolás considera "un ejercicio del enten-dimiento” nos muestra cómo asume y asimila lavertiente neoplatónica para ofrecernos una mejorcomprensión de un tema caro a la tradiciónteológica: el sentido y significado del términoprincípio dicho no sólo de Dios sino también deCristo.
Jacobi de Pistori – QUAESTIO DISPUTATA DE FELICITATE
Authors: Sangalli Idalgo José
Published: July 2019

QUAESTIO DISPUTATA DE FELICITATE
A recepção do pensamento greco-romano árabe e judaico pelo ocidente medieval. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, 2004.
Authors: Vasconcellos Manoel L.
Published: July 2019

A recepção do pensamento greco-romano árabe e judaico pelo ocidente medieval.
HISTORY AND PHILOLOGY DEPARTMENT GRADUATES ACCORDING TO THE DATA FROM THE QUESTIONNAIRE OF PRAGUE COMMITTEE OF THE CELEBRATION OF THE 175th ANNIVERSARY OF MOSCOW UNIVERSITY
Authors: Vyunitskaya Eugenia V.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Russian post-revolutionary diaspora was not just ethnic union but cultural as well. Historical dates and anniversaries, 175th anniversary of Moscow University among them, were an important part of its life. Prague committee suggested a questionnaire for the college graduates. Data and Methods. 815 letters received by the committee in 1929–1930 are now in State Archive of the Russian Federation. Quantitative methods are used for mass sources. They let us reveal the features of employment the emigrated History and Philology Department graduates. Results. The graduates from 7 Russian universities who had graduated from there between 1860s and 1920s took part in the inquiry. Its geography includes nearly all European countries, some Asian ones and the USA. 16 respondents of the 54 graduates of History and Philology Department, settled in the Czech Republic, 13 did in Yugoslavia, 6 – in France. Discussion. 32 History and Philology Department graduates out of 54 received jobs in schools and colleges. Just 1 respondent had no job. Also the respondents said about the continuing of research work, cooperating with periodic editions and participation in public activities. Conclusion. The materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation have enormous potential for the research of the Russian Diaspora.
FORMING RUSSIAN IDENTITY IN THE LIGHT OF ORGANIC METHODOLOGY
Authors: Izergina Nina I.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need for a methodology of understanding of identity that is adequate to the challenges of the present – identity crisis of the modern state in the context of globalization; the need to strengthen Russia’s position as a subject of world politics, which is connected with the successful solution of the problem of the formation of a new Russian identity. The research objective of the work is an attempt to comprehend the phenomenon of Russian identity from the perspective of organic methodology, including the ideas of national social and political philosophy of the late XIX – middle XX century. Methods. The study is based on a critical discourse analysis of works devoted to the problem of Russian identity, especially its methodological aspect. Also used modern publications on the stated topic, containing the data of sociological research. The theoretical model that determines the logic of the analysis is based on an organic approach. Results and Discussion. The results of the study showed that organic methodology is adequate for understanding modern practices of the formation of Russian identity in the context of the information revolution, globalization and anti-globalization, and mass consumption. In its logic, the solution of the problem of forming a new Russian identity is seen in avoiding the extremes of globalism and isolationism. It provides an opportunity to reach the level of the metatheory, that is, the use of theories on the principle of complementarity in the field of the Russian identity formation model. In the structure of metatheory on the topic of the organic nature of Russian identity, three interrelated elements are singled out: retrospective, situational, and perspective. Within the framework of organic theory, modern Russian identity has been characterized as a complex, historically developing phenomenon that unites Western political values and its originality in the mass consciousness of Russians. Overcoming the inconsistency of mass political consciousness from the standpoint of organic methodology is to establish the priority of the original culture of the people over the borrowing of Western values in order to avoid the destruction of the original identity of the nation. Conclusion. Organic methodology involves the consideration of identity as an organic integrity, where there is a hierarchy of parts (civil and ethnic), the internal relations between which contribute to it to persist and be a condition for the survival of Russia as a country, nation and state. Accordingly, the new political form of Russia is a united living organism consisting of a multitude of nations, held together by a common understanding of the goal of the state, life values and the joint servicing to God’s Intent about Russia. Moreover, each nation serves God in its own way, creating its own national culture, it loves and considers Russia to be its Homeland.
BRIDGE BUILDING AS A PROBLEM OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY
Authors: Minaeva Tatiana S. , Gulyaev Sergey S.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The organization of transport links and the bridge building in cities located on the banks of wide rivers has always been one of the most important tasks of the local administration. The study of the history of bridge building allows not only to trace the process of modernization of different regions of the country, but also to help in solving similar problems of our time. Nevertheless, the history of Russian bridge building is poorly studied. The purpose of the article is to determine the characteristics and features of the organization of bridge building in big cities of the European North of Russia as a way to solve one of the problems of urban infrastructure in the early XX century. Materials and Methods. The sources for this study are the documents of the State archive of the Arkhangelsk region, published documents on the history of Vologda, articles in the local periodicals of the early XX century. The analysis of the studied problem used a systematic approach, the method of economic analysis, historical and historical-comparative methods. Results and Discussion. The building of permanent bridges was a need for the development of Arkhangelsk and Vologda. In Vologda the two wooden bridges were built in the middle of XIX century on city funds and in the future these bridges were repaired or rebuilt. The Arkhangelsk city authorities did not hurry to solve a problem of city infrastructure by own efforts and a long time they used the floating bridge. The lack of experience in the building of large bridges and the desire to save money led to the rapid destruction of the first permanent bridge in Arkhangelsk. Conclusion. The Development of trade and industry in cities of the European North of Russia, such as Arkhangelsk and Vologda, led to the expansion of their territory and the emergence over time, the so-called third parts of the cities. Despite the comparable size of the population of the districts located across the river, the process of connecting them with bridges to the rest of the city went at different rates, which depended on the attitude of the local administration to the problem of urban infrastructure.
AS AN EXAMPLE OF A SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC POLICY OF A MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT IN CZARIST RUSSIA
Authors: Gvozdkov Yury  Y.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Nowadays the issue of implementation of city projects in terms of providing public amenities and changing their infrastructure under the conditions of existing insufficient public funds for these purposes is of present relevance for cities of Russia. One of the key ways of resolving this situation is borrowing monetary funds. However, in the history of Russian cities such kind of experience already exists. The submitted material reveals the experience of Simbirsk municipal government concerning the issue of the first bond-secured loan of the city of Simbirsk (the year of 1906). The purpose of this loan was obtaining necessary funds for the city intended for enlarging and improving public water supply system, building slaughter-houses within the scope of jurisdiction of the municipal public administration. The objectives of the undertaken study and subsequent analysis involved identifying the reasons, which caused Simbirsk Municipal Public Administration, lacking any experience, to take on a project implementation of issuing the bond-secured loan, assessing the municipal government actions on preparing and issuing the loan mentioned above, as well as the result of the loan implementation. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the archival records, which contain information on the bond-secured loan in Simbirsk of 1906. Under study of these records, the information archival in them was systematized and analyzed. Such approaches as a systematic approach, a comparative analysis and a logical generalization of the obtained results were used. Study results. The undertaken study specified the reasons for issuing the bond-secured loan by Simbirsk, the stages of the implementation of this project, analyzed and evaluated the commitment of the municipal public administration during each of these stages, as well as rationality of their actions and the result of the bond-secured loan issue, which was successful. Apart from this, new historical facts related to the history of the Simbirsk governorate along with the full and complete information concerning the issue of the indicated bond-secured loan were determined. Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained results of the study indicate that the experience of borrowing monetary funds performed by the cities of Czarist Russia can be in demand with a positive outcome by the cities of modern Russia. The implementation of such borrowings of monetary funds by a city (municipal) government will benefit in resolving many city problems, undertaking social projects, which require considerable financial resources, and in the final analysis in improving the quality of life in cities.
Weeds and weed control in forage pea: A Review
Authors: Ivanov S.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. A major limitation factor for the low productivity in peas is weeding. A particularly critical moment in the race between the crop and weeds is the early period of growth and development. Given the influence of the varying climatic and soil conditions on the diversity and density of weed species, a differentiated approach is needed to remove them by using chemical and agrotechnical means. Studies on the varietal susceptibility to herbicides in forage pea in Bulgaria are very limited due to the fact that varietal diversity was not available in the recent past. The objective of the paper is to present a short analysis of the studies relating to weeding in peas and the control of the more important weed groups in it as well as to establish an individual approach in applying agrotechnical and chemical methods for weed control in growing different pea varieties of winter and spring forms. The use of pea varieties different in biological type as well as the possibilities to use varieties from the European variety list in modern agriculture determines the need to test the reaction of each individual variety not only to the herbicides recommended for this crop, but also to new herbicidal preparations and doses. Determining the composition of weed associations, applying suitable herbicides and herbicide mixtures in weed control of pea, combined with proper agrotechnics, is a prerequisite for optimizing the biological productive potential of the crop.
Advances in the propagation of Brazilian Cherry tree
Authors: Silva José Antonio Alberto da , Teixeira Gustavo Henrique de Almeida , Citadin Idemir , Wagner Júnior Américo , Danner Moeses Andrigo , Martins Antonio Baldo Geraldo
Published: July 2019

Abstratct Brazilian Cherry tree is a native fruit tree belonging to the Myrtaceae family, with ample adaptation to the different edaphoclimatic conditions of Brazil, which makes this fruit widely known. However, there are still few commercial orchards, which may soon be reversed, since studies have shown the benefits of the consumption of this fruit for human health, as well as the potentialities for industrial processing. Thus, Brazilian Cherry tree will no longer be a backyard plant and will be grown in commercial orchards, which demands the production of seedlings with genetic quality. Sexual propagation with the use of seeds should be replaced by asexual propagation by means of cutting, grafting, spreading and tissue culture. The grafting method has proven to be efficient in more than 70% of cases and herbaceous cuttings have rooting greater than 77%. New studies on micropropagation and better control of herbaceous cutting processes should stimulate and economically increase the commercial production of this fruit for fresh consumption or processing. This review article included the results of other studies, addressing advances, limitations and protocols for propagation of Brazilian Cherry tree.
Quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS clara’ and ‘Arizul’ grapes influenced by rootstocks in a tropical region
Authors: Brito Alanne Lucena de , Bonfim Wilyanne Monique Danôa , Andrade Neto Eugenio Ribeiro de , Lima Maria Auxiliadora Coêlho de
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Seedless table grapes cultivars have been studied in the Sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley at northeast Brazil. For that region, it is important to identify cultivars with productive potential, better quality and efficiency, minimizing the expenses in terms of inputs and workforce, when compared to traditional cultivars. Specifically, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of different rootstocks on the quality and on the antioxidant potential of BRS Clara and Arizul table grapes cultivars of two production cycles. The experimental area belongs to the Experimental Field of Bebedouro/Embrapa Semiárido, located in the sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley, in Petrolina - PE, northeast Brazil. Both BRS Clara and Arizul cultivars were analyzed individually using IAC 313, IAC 572, IAC 766, SO4, Paulsen 1103 and Harmony rootstocks, during production cycles from October/2016 to February/2017 and from March/2007 to June/2017. The experimental design was planned in randomized blocks, in a 2 (production cycle) x 6 (rootstock) factorial, with three replications each. More favorable conditions to quality for ‘BRS Clara’ grapes, as evidenced by higher berry mass, lower soluble solids (SS)/titratable acidity (TA) ratio and higher antioxidant activity, were observed after the March-June, 2017 harvest, especially from scions grafted onto IAC 572, SO4 and Harmony. The Arizul cultivar was characterized by better quality after the March-July, 2017 harvest, showing higher berry mass, lower acidity and lower SS/TA ratio and a better color mainly in SO4 and Harmony rootstocks. Therefore, an appropriate rootstock enhances the quality of the grapes.
PILATES TRAINING INDUCES CHANGES IN THE TRUNK MUSCULATURE OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: González-Gálvez Noelia , Poyatos María Carrasco , Marcos-Pardo Pablo Jorge , Feito Yuri , Vale Rodrigo Gomes de Souza
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction The Pilates Method may be an appropriate form of exercise for improving trunk muscle strength, which can be a predictor of pain and musculoskeletal problems. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the Pilates Method on muscle strength and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles of the trunk in a group of adolescents. Methods The sample consisted of 101 high-school students divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG=81) and a control group (CG=20). The intervention was carried out twice a week for six weeks. Each session lasted 55 minutes, and was divided into three parts: warm-up, main part, and cool down. Muscle strength was assessed by the Sörensen Test and the Bench Trunk-curl Test. The paired sample T-test, the T- test for independent samples, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied. The size of the effect (d) was determined. Results The EG showed significant improvements in both tests (+34.77 points; +18.55 points, respectively). No changes were observed in the CG. The effect size was high (d>1.15) for both tests, which means that the results were improved in a large proportion of the participants. The control group showed a decline in strength of the trunk musculature. In the experimental group, both boys and girls showed significant improvements in both tests. This strength increase was enhanced for a large proportion of boys and girls (d>1.15). The effect size was high (d>1.15) for both tests and for both sexes. Conclusion Six-weeks after implementing the Pilates Method in Physical Education lessons, the muscle strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the trunk in adolescents was improved. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies-Investigation of treatment results.
FACTORS LINKED TO THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: Lima Alisson Padilha de , Lini Ezequiel Vitório , Portella Marilene Rodrigues , Doring Marlene , Cardoso Fabrício Bruno
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.
POSTURAL COMPARISON BETWEEN A CONVENTIONAL BICYCLE HANDLEBAR AND AN ELLIPTICAL HANDLEBAR
Authors: Rodrigues Luciana Almeida Chaebub , Serra Maysa Venturoso Gongora Buckeridge , Liporaci Marina Germano de Souza , Rodrigues Renata Almeida Chaebub , Bertoco Thaís , Carvalho Júnior Glaúcio Tasso de , Tonello Maria Georgina Marques
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Cycling has been encouraged, not only as a way to reduce environmental pollution but also to improve people’s health. For many, the bicycle is their sole form of transportation. In view of this growth, and potential risk of injury due to excessive bicycle use, an elliptical handlebar was developed with the purpose of modifying the hand and forearm grip and improving the rider’s posture. Objective To compare vertebral spine angulations with the use of conventional and elliptical handlebars. Methods Twenty-six individuals participated in this study, in which they pedaled for two minutes with elliptical handlebars and two minutes with conventional handlebars, in order to compare the angulation of the vertebral spine using each type of handlebars. The images were filmed and evaluated by the Kinovea kinematic evaluation program. The statistical analysis was performed by Graphpad Prism 7. Results It was observed that 88% of the participants had a more upright vertebral spine angulation when using the elliptical handlebar, with statistically significant difference (p = 0.0001). Conclusion Bearing in mind that the handlebars were placed in similar support positions, it was observed, based on the quantified data, that the posture is more upright, and therefore more suitable, when using the elliptical handlebars. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a Diagnostic Test.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES PERFORMED BY ADOLESCENTS FROM CURITIBA, BRAZIL
Authors: Silva Alexandre Augusto de Paula da , Camargo Edina Maria de , Silva Alice Tatiane da , Silva Jeruza Sech Buck , Hino Adriano Akira Ferreira , Reis Rodrigo Siqueira
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Various studies have been developed and published in relation to the recommendations for physical activity and associated factors. However, there is a lack of studies that detail the places where physical activity is practiced, as well as its frequency, duration and volume. Objective To describe the places, types, frequency, duration and volume of physical activities performed by adolescents in Curitiba, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted in 2013-2014, through a household survey with 495 adolescents (12 to 17 years). The places used, and the frequencies of the practice of physical activity were self-reported as either “goes” or “does not go.” The practice of physical activity was determined through the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, by type, frequency, duration and weekly volume. The types of physical activity were described with frequency distribution, weekly frequency, duration, and volume, by the median and interquartile range. Gender comparison was tested with the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests (p<0.05). Results The most frequently reported places for physical activity were public squares, parks, soccer fields, schools and sports halls. Soccer fields, schools, sports halls and skate parks were more used by boys, while girls attended gyms (p<0.05). The physical activities most practiced were soccer, skating/rollerblading, cycling, walking and active games. A higher proportion of boys practiced soccer, skating/rollerblading, cycling, running/jogging, and basketball (p<0.05), whereas the physical activities most practiced by girls were walking, walking the dog, dancing, playing games, and gyms (p<0.05). Sports (720 min/week), aerobic exercises (400 min/week) and conditioning exercises (345 min/week) were the activities with the highest weekly volume. Boys showed higher weekly frequency, duration and volume of practice of sports and active games than girls (p<0.05). Conclusion Public places with structures were the most used places, and sports were the most practiced activities. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients; without consistently applied ‘‘gold’’ reference standard.
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE IN ADOLESCENTS IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRMENT IN AUTONOMIC CARDIOVASCULAR MODULATION
Authors: Nascimento Romilson Domingues , Viana Ariane , Sartori Michelle , Zaffalon Júnior José Robertto , Dias Danielle da Silva , Monzani Janaína de Oliveira Brito , Bernardes Nathalia , Irigoyen Maria Cláudia , Angelis Katia De
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Regular physical exercise, or a more active lifestyle, are important to prevent cardiovascular diseases, reducing not only cardiovascular mortality but also promoting a reduction in the risk factors related to these diseases. Objective To assess the association between physical inactivity and heart rate variability (HRV) in adolescents. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of the Diagnostic Type with Level of Evidence II according to the Oxford table. One hundred and twenty-nine adolescents were evaluated, aged 15 and 17 years old, divided into four groups: male teenagers who were insufficiently active (IAM n = 28) or physically active (FAM n = 29), and female teenagers who were insufficiently active (IAF n = 42) or physically active (FAF n = 30). The level of physical activity was assessed by the IPAQ. The HRV was evaluated in the time and frequency domains. Results Reduced pulse interval variance was observed in the insufficiently active male or female groups (5089 ± 378 ms2 and 4335 ± 276 ms2 respectively) compared to the physically active groups (9106 ± 606 ms2 and 6182 ± 366 ms2 respectively). Moreover, the insufficiently active groups presented higher cardiac sympathetic/vagal balance values (0.81 ± 0.05 and 0.80 ± 0.05 respectively) compared to the physically active groups (0.63 ± 0.05 and 0.55 ± 0.05 respectively). Conclusion A physically active lifestyle was associated with better cardiovascular autonomic modulation in adolescents. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a Diagnostic Test.
Performance of crossbred lactating cows at grazing in response to nitrogen supplementation and different levels of concentrate feed
Authors: Gutierrez G.S. , Lana R.P. , Teixeira C.R.V. , Veloso C.M. , Rennó L.N.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The performance of crossbred (1/2 Holstein x Zebu) cows supplemented on Brachiaria decumbens pasture during the wet-dry transition period was evaluated. Eight cows with 497±50kg, during third and fourth lactations and after the lactation peak were distributed in two 4 x 4 Latin squares. The treatments consisted of a factorial with two types of mineral supplements (nitrogenous and mineral salt) and two levels of concentrate (0.3 and 0.6% body weight (BW)/cow/day), based on corn and soybean meal (60:40), and supplied during the morning and afternoon milking. The experiment lasted 56 days, divided into four periods of 14 days, with seven days for adaptation and seven for data collection. No interaction (P> 0.05) was observed between the supplements and the concentrate levels. The nitrogenous salt and the highest concentrate level increased (P< 0.05) the intake of crude protein, and the highest concentrate level increased (P< 0.05) the intake of non-fibrous carbohydrates and the digestibility of crude protein. No effect (P> 0.05) of supplement and concentrate level was observed on the milk constituents and feed efficiency. Grazing crossbred after the lactation peak during the wet-dry transition period achieve the productive potential with 0.3% BW of concentrate per day and mineral salt.
First description of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland: case report
Authors: Nakagaki K.Y.R. , Gonçalves A.B.B. , Rocha R.M. , Cassali G.D.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this case report was to describe histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the first reported basaloid carcinomas in the canine mammary gland. Two bitches were treated for tumors in the mammary gland and underwent mastectomy. Microscopic evaluation of these tumors revealed epithelial cells arranged in a predominantly solid pattern with hyperchromatic peripheral cells arranged in a palisade pattern. Metastases in regional lymph nodes were found in both animals, and one bitch exhibited pulmonary metastasis. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive labeling for the basal cell markers cytokeratin 14 and p63. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings led to diagnoses of basaloid carcinoma of the canine mammary gland with regional and distant metastasis.
Effects of inspired oxygen fractions in rabbits anesthetized with isoflurane or sevoflurane, maintained on spontaneous ventilation
Authors: Horr M. , Nunes N. , Biteli E.G.F. , Lopes P.C.F. , Gering A.P. , Moro J.V. , Rocha F.D.L.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT It is important to identify the best inspired fraction of oxygen in a variety of situations, including sevoflurane or isoflurane anesthesia, in spontaneously breathing rabbits. For this, 64 rabbits were assigned to eight groups: GI100 (FiO2= 1,0 + isoflurane), GS100 (FiO2= 1,0 + sevoflurane), GI80 (FiO2= 0,8 + isoflurane), GS80 (FiO2= 0,8 + sevoflurane), GI60 (FiO2= 0,6 + isoflurane), GS60 (FiO2= 0,6 + sevoflurane), GI21 (FiO2= 0,21 + isoflurane), GS21 (FiO2= 0,21 + sevoflurane). The induction was performed with (2.5MAC) of the anesthetic. The vaporizer was setted at 1.5 MAC and FiO2 as attributed for each group. After the induction, the concentration was changed to 1 MAC. Measurements of parameters were performed 30 minutes after induction (T0), and then at 15 minute intervals (from T15 to T60). The arterial partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2), alveolar oxygen partial pressure (PAO2) and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient [P(A-a)O2] were higher with the use of high FiO2. The GI80 showed higher levels of PaO2 FiO2 ratio and respiratory index (RI). In conclusion, the FiO2 of 0.21 is not indicated, because it causes hypoxemia. The isoflurane determines better ventilation when compared to sevoflurane, but isoflurane associated with 80% of oxygen promotes intrapulmonary shunt increase.
Influência de diferentes sistemas e curvas de congelamento na congelabilidade e fertilidade do sêmen equino
Authors: Vita B. , Monteiro G.A. , Melo C.M. , Maziero R.R. , Carmo M.T. , Alvarenga M.A. , Dutra P.A. , Sancler-Silva Y.F.R. , Papa F.O.
Published: July 2019

RESUMO Avaliou-se o efeito de curvas de congelação nos parâmetros espermáticos e na fertilidade, usando sêmen de alta e baixa congelabilidade. Experimento 1 - utilizou-se sêmen de quatro garanhões resistentes à congelação: grupo 1, palhetas refrigeradas até 5°C e congeladas com curva de -8°C/min; grupos 2 e 3, palhetas refrigeradas até 5°C (0,5°C/min.) e congeladas com curvas de -20°C/min e -10°C/min, respectivamente. Experimentos 2 e 3 - utilizaram-se cinco garanhões (Mangalarga Marchador), respectivamente, de alta e baixa congelabilidade: grupo 4, a mesma metodologia descrita no grupo 1; grupos 5 e 6, palhetas refrigeradas até 5°C (0,5°C/min) e congeladas com curva de -20°C/min, entre 5°C e -60°C, e -10°C/min, entre -60°C e -100ºC (grupo 5), e -25°C/min, de 5°C até -100°C (grupo 6). O sêmen foi avaliado após descongelamento pelo método computadorizado. No experimento 1, não houve diferença nos parâmetros avaliados. No experimento 2, os parâmetros motilidade total (MT) e motilidade progressiva foram superiores aos do grupo 6 em relação ao grupo 4. No experimento 3, a MT foi superior no grupo 6 em relação ao grupo 4. As curvas de congelação mais rápidas apresentaram melhores parâmetros de cinética espermática, após a descongelação, para o sêmen de garanhões da raça Mangalarga Marchador.
Cassava biopolymer polyamide hydrogel accelerates healing of induced skin woundsin rats
Authors: Vicente J.D. , Santo G.R. , Palin G.C. , Reati L.A. , Urano T.K. , Trindade W.A. , Amaral P.F.G.P. , Gerônimo E. , Otutumi L.K. , Lourenço E.L.B. , Dragunski D.C. , Germano R.M.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to macroscopically and microscopically evaluate the healing of skin wounds induced in rats by topical application of cassava polyamide biopolymer hydrogel. In total, 32 rats were used and divided into four groups (n= 8): negative control - saline solution; positive control - use of commercial ointment; experimental group - I - ointment + cassava hydrogel; experimental group - II - cassava hydrogel. A 1cm2 wound induced on the animals dorsum was treated and evaluated. At day 21 post-operation, the animals were sacrificed by anesthetic overdose, and then 1cm2 of cicatricial skin from the wound region was collected. The material was cut to evaluate healing. In the macroscopic evaluation, complete healing was observed at the end of 21 days. Re-epithelialization was observed histologically; the connective tissue in the negative control, positive, and experimental - I groups was characterized by an abundance of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, and blood vessels. In experimental group - II additional healing was observed, as evidenced by the arrangement of collagen fibers and fibroblasts, and the reduction of neoformed vessels. Thus, we concluded that the hydrogel can assist in healing skin wounds, especially in the remodeling phase.
First report of Gongylonema sp. in a free ranging callitrichid from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: case report
Authors: Oliveira A.R. , Souza T.D. , Flecher M.C. , Gardiner C.H. , Santos R.L.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This is the first report of parasitism by Gongylonema sp. in a free-ranging callitrichid from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. A juvenile male of Geoffroy's marmoset (Callithrix geoffroyi) was euthanized due to poor prognosis, then necropsied. Samples of the tongue were collected for routine histological processing. Microscopically, there were transversal sections of adult nematodes within the epithelial layer of the mucosa of the tongue. Lingual scraping demonstrated a small number of oval embryonated eggs with a thick capsule. The morphology of the adult parasites and the eggs, associated with its location, were compatible with the Spirurida nematode of the genus Gongylonema. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of this parasite on free-ranging callitrichid populations.
Corn silage supplementation for dairy cows grazing annual ryegrass at two pasture allowances
Authors: Miguel M.F. , Delagarde R. , Ribeiro-Filho H.M.N.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Corn silage supplementation for dairy cows grazing in temperate annual pastures has rarely been investigated. The aim of this study is to compare two supplementation levels (0 and 4kg dry matter [DM]/day of a 7:1 mixture of corn silage and soybean meal) in dairy cows strip-grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) at two pasture allowances (PA, low= 25 and high = 40kg DM/d at ground level). The study was carried out according to an incomplete 4 × 3 Latin square design, using 12 cows and three experimental periods of 12 days. The green leaves allowances were only 4.9 and 8.5kg DM/d at the low and high PA, respectively. The total DM intake and milk production increased in supplemented cows compared to un-supplemented cows at the low PA, but were similar between supplementation levels at the high PA. The PI was unaffected by the PA, whereas the substitution rate was 0.68 in cows at the low PA and 1.35 in cows at the high PA. Corn silage supplementation may improve the total DM intake and milk production of dairy cows grazing in temperate annual pastures, but only at a low PA.
Chemical and cytotoxic analyses of three varieties of Brazilian propolis (green propolis, jataí propolis and brown propolis) and its anti-Sporothrix brasiliensis in vitro activity
Authors: Peter C.M. , Waller S.B. , Picoli T. , Osório L.G. , Zani J.L. , Meireles M.C.A. , Faria R.O. , Mello J.R.B. , Hubner S.O. , Lima M. , Fischer G.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT In this study, we described the antifungal activity of three Brazilian propolis extracts: brown, green and from jataí bees against Sporothrix brasiliensis. The extracts were obtained from ethanolic extraction and their chemical composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The cellular toxicity was measured in MDBK (Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney) cells and quantified by the MTT assay (3- (4,5 dimethylthiazol-2yl -2,5-diphenyl-2H bromine tetrazolato). For antifungal activity, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by broth microdilution. The results showed that cell toxicity was not observed at lower concentrations (0.097 to 0.39μg/ml) for all extracts in comparison to cell control. Among the chemical compounds identified, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and rutin were quantified. In antifungal activity, green and jataí did not exhibit activity against the isolates (MIC and MFC greater than 0.78mg/ml). However, all isolates of S. brasiliensis were sensitive to brown propolis (MIC of 0.09 to 0.78mg/ml), including the standard strain (P<0.001). Among the Brazilian propolis studied, the brown propolis showed activity against the S. brasiliensis isolates and more studies should be undertaken in order to evaluate its promising use in the treatment of sporotrichosis.