bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Application Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Computer Information Security
Authors: Ren Qian
Published: February 2021

With the rapid development of computerization of the network, the internet has brought an unprecedented amount of information to people and the security of computer information has become increasingly prominent. As a way to solve computer information security issues, artificial intelligence has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Thus, through a survey, some citizens were surveyed so that people have a more realistic understanding of information security when using computers. Based on the research results, a new information security system based on artificial intelligence is proposed. Two important features have been added to the new system: intrusion detection and intelligent firewall. It efficiently detects and handles related behaviors that can impair system operation over time, protecting against advanced and complex viruses on a computer network. In addition, this article uses data mining technology and data fusion technology to strengthen the application of computer network security management. Based on the objectives of calculating information security, the safety test and the performance analysis of the schema are provided to prove the accuracy and validity of the schema. Experimental results show that the information security solutions proposed in this article effectively protect users’ information, respond to information security issues in a timely manner, and respond approximately 50% faster, providing an important reference for the use of artificial intelligence in the Field of Security.
Optimization of Transmission Lines in Substations Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Guan Weiya , Qiao Liwei , Xu Ning , Liu Yuntian
Published: February 2021

In the design process of the transmission line of the traditional substation system, the plans and decisions often made by people, resulting in unsatisfactory line design results, which are not the most economical optimal results, and they are not even considered in the preliminary planning. Going to areas where lines cannot be erected has caused slow progress and poor accuracy in the feasibility study stage. This paper combines the ant colony intelligent algorithm with the geographic information system, and proposes a substation transmission line optimization model, which outputs the optimal path by inputting geographic information data. This model analyzes the entire process of the transmission line design stage and realizes the intelligent line selection. The analysis of the example in the article proves that the model has a better auxiliary function for the work of the substation line planning stage.
Research on English Teaching Reform Based on Information Technology
Authors: Liu Jinghua
Published: February 2021

With the popularization and application of information technology, college teaching has been greatly improved. Information technology and equipment have been effectively applied in the teaching of colleges and universities, which have great influence on the traditional teaching methods. English teaching in colleges and universities is an important part of the basic curriculum. In the information-based teaching reform, English teaching and information technology should be well combined to achieve a new breakthrough in English teaching. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of information technology, this paper puts forward the application strategies and ideas of information technology in English teaching reform.
Research on the Teaching Reform of Electronic Information Specialty based on the Concept of CDIO Engineering Education
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Li Jinfeng
Published: February 2021

Based on the background of the transformation of local colleges and universities, the CDIO Engineering education concept is adopted in the reform and exploration of the practical teaching of electronic information engineering, and the CDIO Engineering application-oriented talent training mode is applied to the teaching of electronic information professional courses. We should build a practical teaching platform in line with engineering education, build a scientific and systematic practical teaching system, reform the practical teaching mode, and strengthen the training of teachers in engineering education. According to the concept of CDIO Engineering Education, the reform is carried out in all aspects, including teaching organization and implementation, evaluation system, etc. With the life cycle from product R & D to product operation as the carrier, let students apply the way of connection between practice and courses in the process of actively completing engineering projects. Cultivate high-quality new engineering talents with project development and design, innovation ability and team spirit.
Text Captcha Defense Algorithm Based on Overall Adversarial Perturbations
Authors: Wang Shoujin , Zhao Guanghe , Liu Jifei
Published: February 2021

The traditional text captcha adds adversarial perturbation based on a single character, and it is necessary to joint and compound the captcha picture, so that the characters and the background are easy to segment. In order to strengthen the security of text captcha, an AECAPTCHA text captcha defense algorithm with overall adversarial perturbations is proposed. The algorithm uses multi-label classification training text captcha as a pre-training model. Therefore, the AECAPTCHA algorithm is used to generate multi-character overall adversarial perturbation, eliminate the steps of splicing, compositing, and adding colors, then superimpose to generate safe text captcha with adversarial examples properties. The experimental results show that text captcha with the overall adversarial perturbation reduced the accuracy to 0.06%, effectively improves the security of the text captcha, and does not affect the user’s rapid identification and use.
Study on mechanical properties at different test temperatures of SA-738 Gr.B plate in two states
Authors: Wang Y Q , Ning D , Wang Y D , Ge H H , Li H
Published: February 2021

This paper describes the study on mechanical properties at different test temperatures of SA-738 Gr.B plate in both delivery state and simulated post-welding heat treatment state. And the properties of the plate were characterized by tensile tests, Charpy impact tests and drop weight tests. We found that as temperature increasing, the strength of the SA-738 Gr.B plate decreased when temperature was below 200°C. While as temperature decreasing, the Charpy impact absorb energies decreased, that is, toughness of the plates became worse gradually. Through drop weight tests, we obtained the nil-ductility transition temperature for the plate. The tests data indicated the SA-738 Gr.B plate possessed good strength and toughness, which can meet the design requirements for the containment vessel and some other components of nuclear plant. The tests data also showed that post-welding heat treatment may influence both strength and toughness, so attention should be paid to simulated post-weld heat treatment when purchasing materials for plant construction. By optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, microscopic pictures have been obtained for the plate to help analyze the properties of this material, and the microstructure was the ensurance of the strength and toughness.
Synthesis of hydrogrossular and hydroxysodalite from blast furnace slag using alkali fusion for fixation of HCl gas
Authors: Wajima T , Takahashi T
Published: February 2021

Blast furnace (BF) slag, one of the by-products of iron- and steel-making plants, was converted into the product including hydrogrossular and hydroxysodalite using the alkali fusion method for HCl gas fixation. The slag was transformed into the alkali-fused slag with reactive phases via alkali fusion, after which the fused slag was added to distilled water with Al(OH)3 to synthesize the product including a hydrogrossular by heating at 120°C for 24 h. The product including hydrogrossular, hydroxysodalite and calcite can be synthesized with addition of Al(OH)3, and could remove HCl gas at high temperature to fix Cl in the product. These results suggest that a novel product able to fix HCl gas at high temperature can be synthesized from BF slag via alkali fusion.
Infrared thermal wave detection and compression experiment of accreted ice
Authors: Zhang BY , Li QY , Zhou JW , Zhou ZR , Yin SL
Published: February 2021

Icing environment incurs great inconvenience to production and life. In order to study the physical characteristics of accreted ice, an experimental platform for ice detection is performed in this paper, and the influence of icing parameters is analyzed by using active infrared thermal wave nondestructive detection system and universal mechnical testing machine, we analyze the influence of icing parameters are icing height, icing diameter and freezing time. With the help of the logarithmic function of temperature difference and time in infrared thermal wave experiment, the relationship between the inflection point of stress-strain curve in compression strength tests and icing parameters is discussed. Results show that larger icing height, smaller icing diameter and longer freezing time will delay the turning point of logarithmic temperature difference curve with time; whereas larger icing height, appropriate freezing time and larger icing diameter will enhance the compressive strength of accreted ice. In addition, the strain level is also one of the factors closely related to the compressive strength. These conclusions lay the foundation for further research on the physical characteristics of the infrared detection of ice.
The identification of unique mechanical systems state based on agent-based simulation modelling
Authors: Nikolaychuk O A , Pavlov A I , Stolbov A B
Published: February 2021

The report addresses the application of ADSkit approach and related software tool for creating agent-based models describing the technical state dynamics of unique mechanical systems (UMS)s. UMSs are manufactured in very few copies and furthermore the conditions of their exploitation can significantly diverse from each other. Also as a part of complex technical systems, UMS implements extreme technological operations. The step by step description of the ABSM development process for UMS is considered in the paper. In particular, the UMS ontology acts as a main source for model entities interpretation whereas their behavior mostly described in a rule-based or workflow manner. The testing simulations are carried out based on the ADSkit functionality related to the computational experiment management tool.
The analysis of the graphical representation of mathematical formulas for extending descriptions of physical effects
Authors: Tolokin D S , Korobkin D M , Fomenkov S A , Kolesnikov S G
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study is the software development of a methodology for analyzing graphical representations of mathematical formulas to expand the descriptions of scientific and technical effects. To achieve this goal, an analysis of existing systems for recognizing graphic representations of mathematical formulas was carried out, an algorithm for editing a PE database with integrated physical formulas and an algorithm for recognizing formulas and explanations were developed. Based on the developed methodology, an automated system is implemented in software. Thus, a technique for analyzing graphical representations of mathematical formulas has been developed to expand the descriptions of scientific and technical effects and an automated system created on its basis.
Risk assessment of transport dangerous situations
Authors: Smirnova O V
Published: February 2021

Transport safety assessment plays a huge role in theory and practice of implementation of transport management systems. It should be noted that ensuring the transport safety is inextricably linked to identification of potentially dangerous transport situations and their risk assessment. To better manage transport risks we propose to apply a new integrated approach which allows to take into account the source of the threat, the degree of objects’ protection, kinds of threats, extent of damage in the event of dangerous situations, magnitude of the dangerous situation. This approach is anchored to systematic analysis of causes and conditions of formation of dangerous situations. Also, it provides timely forecasting of their development and consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new approach to transport risk assessment which will be able to effectively evaluate occurrence of dangerous transport situations. In this paper we present components of transport safety and provide a list of typical objects of transport infrastructure. Transport safety model and algorithm for identification of potentially dangerous transport situation is proposed. Also, we consider a new integrated approach based on transport risk assessment method. It is worth highlighting that the proposed method of transport risk assessment allows taking into consideration the uncertainty linked to the occurrence of dangerous transport situations and their conditions. The specified method can be widely used in modern geographic information systems for analysis of transport emergencies.
Modification of the algorithm for calculating structurally nonlinear systems with one-sided connections by the finite element method in classical mixed form
Authors: Gilka V V , Kuznetsova A S , Chumakov A V , Glebova E A , Kachanov Yu
Published: February 2021

The problem of calculating systems with one-sided connections is a rather complicated one and a lot of attention and interest has been paid to it. The theory of calculating structures with one-sided elastic and inelastic bonds is connected with general problems of calculating beams, frames, plates contacting with one-sided bases of different types, with calculating span structures, bridges, tunnels and underground structures.
Sub-band invariants of handwritten texts fuzzy fragments
Authors: Zhilyakov E G , Zalivin A N , Matorin S I , Chernomorets A A
Published: February 2021

Socio-economic processes informatization is largely implemented by using various documents electronic storage, including scanned handwritten texts or their fragments images, in particular, in the form of officials’ original signatures. Among the very diverse tasks of handwritten documents scans electronic repositories computer analysis, the direction of automatic search for images fragments, that contain outlines of key words of interest, is quite relevant. The search for such fragments is significantly hampered by the variability of the letterforms, even by the same author. Therefore, it is advisable to use a fragment from the analyzed text as an initial sample. Thus, we are talking about the fragments precedent identification. In this case, a complicating factor is the impossibility of using many identical objects in training, and only one is available. Therefore, the problem of forming an artificial sample, which elements preserve some common characteristic property, arises. In this work, the authors substantiated the application adequacy of the original sub-band approach, which is based on the concept of the data segment Euclidean norm sub-band part and the mathematical apparatus of sub-band matrices obtained on this basis. Decision procedures for the handwritten text fragments sub-band identification were developed, including training on a single precedent.
Calculation of an inhomogeneous polymer thick-walled cylindrical shell taking into account creep under the action of temperature load
Authors: Andreev V I , Sereda S A
Published: February 2021

The article presents the calculation of a polymer thick-walled cylindrical shell taking into account creep under the action of an uneven temperature field. The relevance of the work lies in the widespread introduction of polymer pipes in the repair and construction of heating pipelines, sewerage systems, water supply systems. The problem is solved in an axisymmetric setting under conditions of plane deformation. The calculation is based on the nonlinear Maxwell - Gurevich equation, which is widely used in the calculations of polymer structures.
A slightly compressible hyperelastic material model with the Mullins effect
Authors: Jemioło S , Franus A
Published: February 2021

The paper presents a hyperelastic material model which is intended to describe slightly compressible materials with encountered the Mullins effect. It is assumed the volumetric-isochoric stored energy function split regarding the primary response of a material. Constitutive equations based on the concept of pseudo-elasticity are derived. The problems of a simple uniaxial compression/tension involving one finite element and a compression of a ball are solved using ABAQUS. The material model is defined with the help of user subroutine UHYPER in terms of the primary material response. Its main advantage is a physically correct description of volumetric changes while the polynomial model in ABAQUS does not meet basic growth conditions. In order to include the Mullins effect, it is combined with available in the software library the Mullins effect material model which is based on Ogden-Roxburgh proposition of stress softening function. Experimental data on synthetic rubber neoprene published in the literature is utilized.
On the problem of oscillation control of viscoelastic mechanical systems with integral after effect
Authors: Bobyleva T , Chernik V , Shamaev A
Published: February 2021

The article investigates the problems of control of dynamical systems with nonlocal terms of the convolution type using a force distributed over the area in which the motion is considered. The conditions are established under which it is possible to bring the system to complete rest with the help of a distributed force limited in absolute value. The case of one spatial variable is considered, but the proposed spectral method of research can be generalized to dimensions two and three. A connection is established between the behavior of the Fourier coefficients of the initial condition and the solvability of the control problem. The method can be used for mechanical systems with hereditary properties that arise in structural mechanics.
Experimental - theoretical study of the stress-strain state of cable-stayed-rod systems of the dome type
Authors: Akhmedov A D , Loseva I V , Kalmova M A
Published: February 2021

The problem of determining forces and displacements in a spatial hinge-rod system with missing links under static loading is considered. Equilibrium equations and geometric relationships are written in matrix form. The calculated equations are not linear. To solve the equations, a technique is proposed that is not associated with assumptions regarding the structure of the system or the nature of the load, based on the fact that the displacements obtained by solving the linear part of the equations can be significantly improved by interpreting the nonlinear terms as a load, under which the system can be considered as linear. To test the theoretical assumptions and preconditions, an experimental study was carried out on a model made at a scale of 1:30 of a natural design. The analysis of the results obtained is presented.
The regions of dynamic instability of a plate, the material of which obeys the hereditary low of viscoelasticity, at the second resonance
Authors: Kosheleva E
Published: February 2021

The problem of determining the side regions of dynamic instability of a rectangular plate, the material of which obeys the hereditary law of deformation, is considered. The solution of the integro-differential equation of vibrations of a plate loaded in its plane with constant and variable loads is considered. The solution used is a series with separated variables. An equation is obtained to determine the critical frequencies of even regions of instability. The influence of the parameters of the nucleus on the position of the second region of dynamic instability is investigated.
Reliability of a reinforced concrete frame building under earthquake
Authors: Mkrtychev O , Bulushev S
Published: February 2021

The research objective is performing probabilistic nonlinear dynamic seismic resistance analysis for the reinforced concrete building frame. The building design is compliant with SP 14.13330.2018 Construction Code. The LS-DYNA software was used for nonlinear dynamic analysis. A set of two-component accelerograms to be analyzed was generated. The set consists of 20 random seismic events with the specified expected values for the predominant frequency and the intensity. The structural response as random processes and values was studied. The resulting experimental response value distributions were fitted to distribution laws. The results showed that the K
1 factor accounting for acceptable damage to buildings and structures should be much larger than specified in the regulatory codes. It indicates that the seismic resistance of the building is insufficient in terms of the near-collapse failure criterion.
Natural frequencies of plates of medium thickness
Authors: Leontiev A N , Gorbunova T N , Missurin M R
Published: February 2021

A comparison is made of the frequencies obtained by the classical theory of thin plates and the refined theory of plates of medium thickness. Considered a rectangular plate with articulation along the contour. To determine the fundamental frequency, the Bubnov-Galerkin variational method is used. It is shown that with a relative plate thickness h/a = 0.2, the calculation refinement is approximately 15-20% for the values of the fundamental frequency of natural vibrations of a rectangular plate.
Analysis of the impact of shallow subway train traffic on urban development
Authors: Mitroshin V A , Mondrus V L
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the process of propagation of vibrations in a soil massif from a moving subway train. With the help of previously performed measurements of ground surface vibrations above a shallow metro line, it was found that the electrical insulating joint of rail strings is a source of increased vibrations when a train enters the station from a tunnel, which can lead to an excess of vibration acceleration levels in residential and industrial buildings limited by sanitary standards. The main types of wheel and rail defects are considered. The propagation of vibrations in unlimited space from a moving subway train in a tunnel, represented by an absolutely rigid body, loaded with dynamic action, taking into account the shock impact at the rail joint, has been studied. The dependences of the parameters of the wave field in infinite space and the displacement of the points of the tunnel on the frequency of the forcing action are found. It is noted that the parameters of the wave field decrease with an increase in the frequency of the external forcing action. The results obtained can be used to solve the problem of the propagation of vibrations in a confined space from moving subway trains.
Mixed finite element formulation for the nonlinear analysis of buckling behavior of truss under effects of temperature variation
Authors: Quyen V T B , Tien D N , Khuyen T M
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a novel approach to consider the effects of temperature variability in the nonlinear finite element analysis of buckling behavior of truss system subjected to initial mechanical load. Generally, using displacement-based finite formulation the procedure for solving geometrically nonlinear problem of the truss system subjected to temperature load is required to implement the temperature deformation constraint depending on the incremental element length to the master stiffness equation. For escaping the mathematical difficulties of treating the additional constraint of temperature deformation this research proposes to formulate this problem based on mixed finite element formulation. The balanced mixed equation of truss considering temperature loading effect is constructed based on the principle virtual work with establishing the mixed matrix of truss element, which consists the element temperature deformation, considering large displacement. For investigating the effects of temperature variation to the nonlinear buckling behavior of truss this research develops the incremental-iterative algorithm for solving the nonlinear equation with incremental displacement and temperature by using Newton-Raphson technique. Based on proposed algorithm the calculation program is written for numerical investing the effects of temperature variation the buckling behavior of plan truss.
Investigation of shear connection between new and old concrete layers
Authors: Koteš P , Vavruš M
Published: February 2021

The structure and all its elements must be load-bearing, safe and serviceable. Due to time and external factors such as wind, thawing and freezing cycles, seismic activity, the structure of the concrete is disturbed and this leads to a reduction in the load-bearing capacity of the element. For vertical elements (columns), this usually means that the member´ strengthening must be used. The most common way of strengthening a concrete column is to use a new reinforced layer of concrete. In this case, great emphasis is placed on the contact between the original and the new layer of concrete. This article deals with two ways of surface treatment, such as notches and indents using different types of strengthening.
Investigation of the influence of heat protection characteristics of protecting designs on residential buildings heat storage capacity
Authors: Vytchikov Yu S , Chulkov A A , Golikov V A
Published: February 2021

The article presents the methodology of determining the heat storage factor of residential buildings heated by the central heating system. This calculation method is considered on the example of one-room corner apartment on the ground floor of an apartment building. The results of heat accumulation factor calculation are presented and the parameter changes depending on the value of normative multiplicity of air exchange and external air temperature are shown. The calculation of indoor air temperature after switching off the heating system was performed. The results presented in the article allow to draw a conclusion about the significant impact of natural ventilation during an accident on the heat network. The increase in air exchange in this case reduces the internal air temperature significantly. The obtained results should be used when choosing measures to ensure energy security of buildings and structures.
Passage of low temperature piping through the external wall
Authors: Leštach J , Ponechal R
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with the passage of the gas pipeline through the perimeter wall. The gas pipeline has a low temperature (the gas temperature drops significantly after the gas expansion in the regulator). When passing through the perimeter wall, the part of the wall near the internal surface will be significantly subcooled. Low temperatures in the building structure can cause local faults. The paper deals with the comparison of the course of temperatures and humidity of the passage of the gas pipeline in the protective tube with thermal insulation and without thermal insulation.
Shallow and deep foundations on permafrost soils at changing climate conditions
Authors: Stupivtsev A V , Cherkasova L I
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the work is to analyze the possible consequences of global warming on the state of permafrost and the issues of predicting the degradation of foundations during construction and design in permafrost regions. The study determines the principles and constructive solutions of foundations in areas with permafrost. From the presented options, the most rational one is selected. The analysis of observational data on the degradation of permafrost is given, on the basis of which the forecast of further degradation is built. Based on the research results, a rational method for erecting foundations in permafrost areas was determined taking into account the predicted degradation of permafrost.
Long-term vibration laboratory tests of sandy soils
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan A Z , Sobolev E S
Published: February 2021

The presented work examines the features of testing at the laboratory of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering “Research and Education Center” Geotechnics “on a triaxial device with the ability to create dynamic loads (vibration stabilometer). Information on the course of cyclic tests of sandy soils is given, their analysis is carried out and formulated the main conclusions about the effect of the duration of vibration loading on the final stress-strain state of the soil mass.
Engineering and geological features of technogenic deposits and cultural layers in the territory of Samara
Authors: Vasilieva D , Baranova M , Maltsev A
Published: February 2021

The engineering and geological features of technogenic deposits in the territory of the city of Samara have been studied. Their features are revealed and a classification is carried out. The article presents the results of a petrographic study of samples taken at the archaeological site of Staraya Samara, Khlebnaya Square, carried out in 2019. The object represents cultural layers that were formed in the XVIII-XIX centuries at the site of the alleged location of the second Samara fortress. The studies were performed under a binocular microscope at an 8.75-fold magnification, in the passing light of a polarization microscope at a 72-fold magnification, and under a digital microscope at a 10-fold magnification. It has been determined that the pebble fraction is represented by quartzite and jasper flint, the sandy and silty fractions are angular quartz fragments with an admixture of undecomposed organic remains. Organic cultural layers, which reach 7-8 meters or more in the ancient part of the city, are especially powerful. Their presence is a limiting factor in modern urban construction.
Concept of management of the technolandscapes through the creation of innovative coal-watercoal clusters
Authors: Zommer T V , Chernyshev S N
Published: February 2021

Innovation should be at the heart of sustainable urban development. Innovations should become the basis for sustainable development of industrial and urban areas. A significant improvement in the quality of the environment can only be achieved through innovative technologies that should not degrade the environment. Coal mining at coal mining enterprises and coal burning at thermal power plants and in utility boilers are associated with a negative impact of economic activity on all geospheres. Therefore, it is important to ensure the rational use of natural resources and geo-ecological sustainability of industrial and urban areas through the introduction of innovative “green” technologies. In this regard, the authors of the article propose the concept of managing man-made and urban landscapes by creating innovative coal-watercoal clusters. The development of the concept of technolandscape management through the creation of innovative coal-watercoal clusters allows to increase the geoecological stability of industrial territories by significantly reducing the anthropogenic impact on the geosphere during coal mining and transportation. Development of scientific foundations, concepts and models of innovative coal-watercoal cluster includes the possibility of automatic control of innovative coal-watercoal technology, the concept of preparation and combustion of coal-watercoal slurry in housing and utilities boilers for the purposes of environmental management, energy and resources and reduce the negative anthropogenic impact on urbolandscape.
Map bases used for ecological stability assessment of land
Authors: Chromčák J , Seidlová A
Published: February 2021

The interest of land stability and its´ calculation due to the ecological stability and long term use of land as an entity is under pressure not only from ecological activists but the whole society at all. To calculate these kind of unknown values, which are interpreting many land possibilities and characters needed for many others calculations. That is the reason to find effective way to calculate the ecological stability index. The calculation of this index directly depends on character of area and its´ size. In Slovakia, there are many map bases with possible use for this purpose on whole territory. This paper is focused on the map base and their possibilities to be used.
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks in predicting fair price level in the road construction industry
Authors: Anysz H , Brzozowski Ł
Published: February 2021

Running a tender procedure in the construction industry a client expects receiving reasonable prices in the tenders. However, the market competition and the contractors’ will to win a contract to work out a profit, sometimes make the prices far from expected. They can be really low, almost impossible to be kept during the contract execution. Oppositely, the offered prices can be far above a client’s expectation. If they are extremely high, a client has to decide, to accept one of them (even bid-rigging is suspected), or to cancel the procedure. Nevertheless, cancelling a procedure means the considerably postponed the start of the construction. The analysis of almost 400 completed tender procedures (in the Polish road construction industry) and the market trends proved that unexpectedly high prices do not always have to point the collusive behaviours of the offerors. As aforementioned analysis is based on past cases, there is a need to propose the predicting tool, to help clients making decisions in the new tender procedures: to accept the high price as a market-based, or to reject all of the offers as a bid-rigging is suspected. The above-mentioned analysis are based on the simple moving average tool. For predictions the autoregressive tool is proposed – long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks.
Structure and properties of polyepoxyurethane-containing isocyanurate polymers
Authors: Matseevich T A , Kejmakh M D , Askadskii A A
Published: February 2021

The modification of epoxyurethane-containing isocyanate polymers of a network structure was performed due to variations in the curing temperature and the ratio of diol, diisocyanate components and epoxy resin. When the reaction systems are cured below 100°C, the polymers contain a large number of flexible chain structures and pass into the rubbery state at ∼60°C. An increase in the processing temperature above 120°C leads to a significant change in the composition, which affects the properties of the resulting systems, the glass transition temperature of which increases in the limit to 225°C. An experimental change in the elastic modulus associated with an increase in the curing temperature from 80 to 200°C was found. At the processing temperature of 120°C, the Sol fraction content in the samples is decreased and the gel fraction is increased. Yield strength increases by 48%, modulus of elasticity by 107%, Brinell hardness by 40%, Shore hardness by 20 %. The glass transition temperature increases to 225°C.
Optimization of technological parameters of reinforced concrete production
Authors: Chiknovoryan A G , Mizuryaev S A , Yu Zhigulina A
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of research in the field of improving the technology of production of reinforced concrete products aimed at optimizing the composition of concrete; quality control of concrete for strength, taking into account its uniformity; adjustment of the composition of the concrete mix taking into account the characteristics of the aggregates; improvement of the modes of heat treatment of concrete; stabilization of the geometry of freshly molded products, obtaining a smooth and high-quality surface of the products and reduction of marriage associated with spontaneous damage to freshly molded products. It is shown that rational modes of heat treatment of concrete, allows you to abandon the traditional scheme of heat treatment of concrete with steam and provide the necessary conditions for obtaining concrete with design physico-mechanical properties.
Influence of type and quantity of magnesium additive on the hardening process of alumina cement-based cement stone
Authors: Chumachenko N , Tyurnikov V
Published: February 2021

The greatest effect on increasing the residual strength of cement stone based on alumina cements in the temperature range of 800-1200 °C is achieved when replacing part of the cement with thermally activated metakaolin which is associated with the formation of secondary mullite. To intensify the strengthening process of mullite formation, the influence of various magnesium additives-mineralizers has been studied. The effect of chemically pure magnesium oxide, caustic magnesite and magnesium oxide hydration product calcined at 390 - 450 °C were investigated experimentally. The content of additives in compositions based on high-purity high-alumina cement was accepted in the amount of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 %. Experiments have confirmed the positive effect of magnesium additives on the process of hardening of cement stone, both during hardening and after heat treatment. It was found that the type of magnesium additive affects the hardening process. The highest strength after hardening and drying is obtained by using caustic magnesite as a mineralizer additive in an amount of 0.5 %. Exposed to high temperature, the best results are recorded when using a chemically pure magnesium additive.
Influence of mineral aggregate on asphalt pavement surface properties
Authors: Remišová E , Holešová N , Brna M
Published: February 2021

The road surface roughness is one of the factors influencing road safety. Therefore, the choice of materials and mixtures for the wearing course of pavement is important. The paper presents the results of research on the influence of the composition of asphalt mixtures on the surface parameters of PTV and MTD, which were analyzed according to the type of mixture, type of aggregate, and maximum aggregate size on laboratory-produced samples and samples with bitumen stripped surfaces. The skid resistance of SMA 11 and AC 16 mixtures were higher (PTV value 64.2 and 66.2) compared to AC11 and AC8 mixtures (PTV value 56.8 and 58.6) with all tested aggregates. After bitumen stripping from the surface, the PTV values of mixtures increased and the influence of the aggregate type and texture became more significant. To achieve better skid resistance properties, it is suitable to use coarse aggregate from andesite or granodiorite rocks (PTV value 67.0 or 65.8). Of the tested aggregates, limestone had the worst results (PTV value 63.3). Above all the portion of coarse aggregates, size distribution, and shape characteristics as shape index, angularity, determine the macrotexture of the surface.
Remote monitoring of road structures’ condition as a way to increase the durability of motorway
Authors: Dormidontova T V , Filatova A V
Published: February 2021

The calculations of road structures’ elements and the evaluation of reliability of data related to them are necessary for conducting justified and timely repair work, for forecasting the service life of road pavements, as well as for increasing the durability of motorway. Modernization of monitoring system, improvement of instrumental base structures, implementation of innovative methods in road construction allow carrying out more detailed research of road structures’ temperature and humidity conditions, analyzing their deformation stability under real-life conditions, and as a result, increasing measurement accuracy and reliability. Scanning devices used in the process of remote monitoring are characterized by tightness, high reliability and maintainability, their data is automatically read and transmitted to the server [1]. The input data obtained as a result of monitoring road structures’ condition are used to assess the impact of destructive factors of all elements of the system - the motor road, they are used to justify the application and selection of innovative materials and technologies. The obtained information allows imagining the processes that take place inside road structures and analyzing the peculiarities of external and internal factors’ impact on the service life and durability of the road.
Environment impact on the humidity change of beams from timber and glulam - experimental investigation
Authors: Leśko A
Published: February 2021

The paper relates to the humidity change in timber and glulam beams. Based on the literature moisture penetration into the wood phenomenon was briefly depict. The publication describes the carried out experiments: moisture measurement of glulam and timber beams in natural conditions. Results are presented in the form of graphs and photos on which cracks and warping of the samples is shown. Based on the literature and experimental results conclusions are drawn regarding the usage of glulam and timber beams in building industry.
Research of qualitative properties of soils during construction works
Authors: Galitskova Y M
Published: February 2021

The development of humankind leads to an increase in the number and variety of sources of environmental pollution, to an increase in the volume of emissions of harmful substances. In urban conditions, environmental pollution occurs due to emissions of exhaust gases coming from various cars, leaks of fuels and lubricants coming from different equipment, etc. Analysis of the current state of urban areas shows the highest concentration of pollutants being present in soils. The article considers the problem of territories of construction sites contaminated with combustible substances coming from construction machinery, such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel fuel. These contaminants lead to the suppression and death of ornamental plants planted at the final stage of construction works. The authors describe in detail the methodology and results of laboratory studies of the process involving penetration of these contaminants into the soil. On the basis of the results obtained, recommendations are proposed for minimizing the negative impact of these factors on the soil and increasing the efficiency of work on the improvement of adjacent territories.
Improving sintering by lowering the temperature of melt formation during firing
Authors: Chumachenko N , Khafizov I , Kizilova D
Published: February 2021

Liquid sintering for ceramic products is the main process providing necessary properties: strength characteristics, density and porosity. In order to reduce energy consumption for the production of ceramic products it is important to obtain a melt at a lower temperature with a wide sintering interval. Clay raw materials natural composition provides the melt formation at the temperatures above 710° C. The fusible silicate triple eutectics composition, providing the melt formation at the temperatures below 500°C is found. The components for complex fusion additive have been determined. The influence of the amount of complex fusion additive on the dynamics of melt charge change on the basis of Locosovo loam was studied. It was found out that the refractory additive in the amount of 6 to 18.5% extends the sintering interval, reduces the temperature of formation of the refractory melt and provides a decrease in firing temperature by 100°C. The optimum quantity of complex fusible additive providing improvement of sintering of ceramic materials at the expense of decrease in temperature of melt formation during firing is revealed.
Economic justification for the use of narrow-profile structures for flood protection
Authors: Balzannikov M I , Mikhasek A A , Rodionov M V , Mingafin R R
Published: February 2021

The article notes that natural-anthropogenic emergencies often arise with the co-occurrence of factors of both man-caused and natural origin of very rare recurrence. In order to avoid such situations, it is necessary to provide for special arrangements and technical measures. The authors analyzed the conditions for preventing flooding of the territory built up with residential multi-storey buildings and social infrastructure. The territory has low surface elevation marks and is surrounded by water bodies: the Volga and Samara Rivers, as well as the oxbow channel path. At the same time, practically along the entire border of the territory, there are infrastructure engineering facilities and lines (roads, dams) with surface elevations that are significantly higher than the existing elevations of the built-up area. The authors present the results of the survey of these facilities, on the basis of which recommendations for the reconstruction of their individual sections are developed. When justifying the minimum elevation of protective lines, the parameters of a rise of water level in water bodies (at the times of discharge in the Samara River of rare recurrence) were taken into account. The conditions of originating wind waves and other disturbances of the free surface of the adjacent water area at maximum water levels and the damping effect of natural and artificial obstacles along the main line of wave acceleration were taken into account.
On the technology of aluminosilicate and high-alumina phosphate hardening products
Authors: Vlasov A , Vlasova E
Published: February 2021

The influence of alumocalcium sludge on the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of alumosilicate and high-alumina products of phosphate hardening intended for operation at temperatures up to 1500 °C. It was found that the use of alumocalcium sludge in the compositions of non-burning phosphate compositions helps to reduce the polymerization temperature and thus provides an earlier formation of rock-like phases that are not subject to hydration. Based on the obtained mathematical model, optimal non-burning compositions are developed that are not inferior to similar products in terms of physical, mechanical and thermal parameters, which provides an expansion of the range of applications of the raw material base.
Analysis of various types of loads from a multi-layer structure of green roof systems
Authors: Korol E A , Shushunova N S
Published: February 2021

For the sustainable development of green building technologies and the use of roof coverings with greening systems on buildings, it is necessary to take into account the complex of different types of loads from the multi-layer roof structure, as well as their effect on the building covering during operation processes. The introduction of new competitive technologies and methods of production of construction and installation works will ensure an increase in the operational quality of housing facilities. The article discusses the traditional technologies of roofing for operating roofs with greening systems, called «continuous» greening systems and new technologies for roofing with modular green roof systems, developed by the authors. The analysis and calculation of various types of loads for the given constructive and technological solutions of the operated roofing with greening systems is carried out.
The assessment of autonomy indexes of socially significant elements of urban infrastructure for creating a safe living environment
Authors: Shilova L A
Published: February 2021

The main task of modern society is to ensure and maintain a safe environment for human life. However, the large-scale introduction of information technologies leads to the fact that a technological process is constantly going on in residential buildings and structures, which can lead to the emergence of new previously unexplored sources of emergency situations, and the risks associated with them. In this regard, the article presents an approach to assessing the autonomy of construction projects in the event of an emergency. The autonomy of a construction facility will be understood as the ability of a construction facility to perform its target function during its design life without external intervention in the event of an emergency. At the same time, it is proposed to describe the autonomy of a construction object by the following indexes: reliability, stability and an index of natural and man-made safety.