bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iptacopan (Fabhalta) for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: September 2024

The FDA has approved the complement factor B inhibitor iptacopan (Fabhalta – Novartis) for treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in adults. Iptacopan is the first oral drug to be approved in the US for this indication. Three parenterally administered drugs, the complement C5 inhibitors eculizumab (Soliris) and ravulizumab (Ultomiris) and the complement C3 inhibitor pegcetacoplan (Empaveli), are also approved for treatment of PNH.
YAPILANDIRILMIŞ İSTİHBARAT ANALİZ TEKNİKLERİNDEN KIRMIZI TAKIM (ŞAPKA) ANALİZİNİN ÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: Çencen Namık , Kocamanoğlu Serkan
Published: September 2024

İstihbarat karar vericinin belirsizlik seviyesini azaltmak için tasarlanmış, mevcut tüm kaynaklardan gelen bilgilerin kullanılması ve odaklanma sürecidir. Özellikle İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Soğuk Savaş döneminde araştırma ve geliştirme faaliyetleri istihbarat çalışmaları ve istihbarat analizi üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. İstihbarat toplulukları ve politika yapıcılar arasındaki bilgi akışını betimlemek için buluşsal bir araç olan istihbarat çarkı; bilgi (olaylar), birikim ve karar arasındaki etkileşim için iyi bir başlangıç noktası olan tanımlayıcı bir istihbarat kuramı sağlar. İstihbarat faaliyetlerinin başlamasından itibaren verilerin analiz edilmesinde problem çözme teknikleri, karar verme, istatistik vb. bilimlerde kullanılan çeşitli analiz tekniklerinin istihbarata uyarlanması suretiyle oluşturulan bir takım klasik analiz teknikleri mevcuttur. Ancak bu teknikler her ne kadar bilimsel temellere oturtulmuş olsa da günümüz dünyasının gelişen koşullarının karşılanmasında, gelişmelerin analiz ve yorumlanmasında yetersiz kaldığı söylenebilir. Yapılandırılmış analiz teknikleri, analitik düşünceyi düzenlemek ve değerlendirmek için geliştirilmiş bir dizi süreci ihtiva etmektedir. Bu çalışmada yapılandırılmış analiz tekniklerinden biri olan ve yaratıcı düşünce tekniklerinden biri olarak sınıflandırılmış olan “Kırmızı Takım Analizi”nin önemi ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma deseninde tasarlanmış olup, betimsel içerik analizi ve doküman incelemesi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Doküman analizi, anlam çıkartmak, anlayış kazandırmak ve ampirik bilgi geliştirmek için verilerin incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesini gerektirir. Kendi içinde anlamlı bir bütün oluşturulan bu bölümler belli başlıklar altında adlandırılarak kodlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Kırmızı Takım Analizinin ne olduğu, niçin Kırmızı Takım Analizinin seçildiği, Kırmızı Takım İnşasının Aşamalarının neler olduğu, Kırmızı Takım Analizinin önemi, yararlılıkları ve sınırlıkları üzerinde durulmuştur. Tarihi süreç içindeki Kırmızı Takım Analizinin Başarılı ve Başarısız örneklerine yer verilerek değerlendirilmiştir.
Heteronormativity
Authors: Hardiyanti Hastanti Widy Nugroho ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

Unity has been touted as the cornerstone of Indonesian nationalism since its declaration in 1945. With the national motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, Indonesian unity holds a sacred and absolute status. However, in reality, unity sometimes becomes a national problem. This article revisits Indonesian unity by shedding light on its darker aspects, namely heteronormativity, and introduces how Indonesian unity can be supported by a new ontological alternative: pluriverse. The study provides a brief historical overview of the New Order era and the family ideology that shaped an adherence to heteronormative norms, and followed by exploration of the pluriverse as an ethical ontological foundation that can deepen the struggle for unity.
Contemporary Autocratisation of Democracies in the Context of “a Paradox of Democracy”
Authors: Przybyszewski Krzysztof ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

After the fall of the “Iron Curtain,” Francis Fukuyama formulated a thesis on structural victory of liberal democracy and its fundamental values, such as freedom of speech, freedom of thought, freedom of worldview, freedom of the press etc. This thesis was demonstrably erroneous, as at the beginning of the 21st century, the crisis of liberal democracy in relation to the growth of populist movements is mentioned more and more frequently. While seizing power through democratic means, populist parties abandon the ideals of liberal democracy and values and pivot towards an autocratic governance model while ostensibly adhering to the rules of formal democracy. It was Hannah Arendt, who warned against such a situation saying that tendencies to move towards autocracy within democracies are specific for multi-party systems, while two-party systems in democracies are relatively less prone to such transformation. With regard to the above, the problem which philosophy of politics calls a “paradox of democracy” reappears. Among other things, it is related to the question on the limit of tolerance the liberal democracy has for thoughts, attitudes, actions and words which are substantially opposed to democracy and may lead to autocracy. At the same time, we are observing the fact of reappearance of the militant democracy theory, formulated by Karl Loewenstein. The aim of this article is to look closely at the theory and its suggested modifications (described as neo-militant democracy), as well as to answer the questions on what tools are needed and if they are even possible to be used to defend not only procedures, but also values of democracy from its progressive destabilisation in the face of digital revolution.
Halal Symbols in Muslim Community Businesses
Authors: Bariki Yusril , Ma’rifah Aula Nurul ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

This article discusses halal symbols in the Muslim religion; Muslims use halal as a guide for purchasing food and drink products. The article discusses especially the background of the existence of the halal logo, state regulations and the awareness of the Muslim community. Following results given in selected positions of the literature of the subject the authors come to the following theses and conclusions: the obligation to carry out halal certification has been regulated by Law Number 33 of 2014 and Government Regulation Number 39 of 2021. In implementing the program this has been done in 38 provinces of Indonesia. The existence of the halal logo obligation aims to guarantee consumer protection for purchased goods, especially in Muslim communities.
Islamic Economic Practices in Indonesia
Authors: Surur Achmad Tubagus , Shulthoni Muhamad , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

As the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has great potential in the halal industry. However, research on symbols in Indonesia’s Islamic philosophy and economic history is still far behind that of other countries. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve its study. This research aims to describe and understand the importance of the symbol in the philosophy and history of Islamic economic practices in Indonesia. The findings of this qualitative research, conducted in Indonesia, have practical implications for the halal industry and Islamic economic practices. Data was collected by conducting observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by reducing data, presenting data, and giving meaning to the data that has been collected, and from that meaning, conclusions are drawn. This research has concluded that the essence of the Islamic economic process in Indonesia is an effort to fulfill the needs of the Indonesian people based on Islamic values to achieve happiness in the world and the hereafter. The Islamic economic system has become a phenomenon that is the object of the study of Islamic economic philosophy in Indonesia today. The urgency of Islamic economic philosophy in the context of Indonesian Muslim society can be found at the level of implementation. Islamic economic practices have become a way of life for the people of Indonesia. The main principle of Islamic economics holds fast to the concept of tawhid. Many things can be learned from the Islamic economy in Indonesia, ranging from the rules of legal buying and selling, lending and borrowing with legal contracts, and investment in Islam to the prohibition of usury, avoiding things that are haram, injustice, and usury. The Islamic economic system has proven to be beneficial for all people, both Muslims and non-Muslims.
Karen Warren, Social Dominance, and Connection to Nature
Authors: Diehm Christian ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: September 2024

Karen Warren’s ecofeminism contends that the domination or subjugation of women is linked to the domination or subjugation of nature. This essay argues she is largely correct in her views on this subject, and certain dimensions of social science help establish this conclusion firmly. The paper begins by reviewing Warren’s position, and one line of criticism of it, to clarify the interpretation of her work that informs this commentary. It then shows how developments in social science, especially regarding the concept of “social dominance orientation,” validate Warren’s claim that women’s and nature’s oppression are connected, along with her contention that these connections entail elements of dualism, hierarchy, and domination. It concludes by examining two approaches to environmental issues found in the social science literature, and discusses what is problematic about one and promising about the other, ultimately highlighting the potential of interventions focused on connectedness to nature.
Are the Types of Epistemic Coercion and the Means of Its Resistance of the Same Nature?
Authors: Kostina Alina O. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

One of the most challenging issues, essential for the actual state of science, is the search for a fragile balance between scientific normativity, openness, methodological proliferation and other key concepts, associated with the modern world of research. Paul Feyerabend understood science not as a detached and hermetic self-sufficient reality, but as a structural part of the social world, liable to politicization, discrepancies and inconsistency. His analysis of science, its strategies and institutions involved and, in a way, undermined a long living concept of science as an objective, rational and neutral domain. Following his discoveries, today researchers in general, philosophers of science and social epistemologists in particular, face the problem of corrupted practices, which jeopardize the acquisition of true knowledge. According to the ideas of professor S. Turner, there are two strategies of approaching epistemic coercion: conformity or resistance. Aimed at scientific progress and sustainable development the scientists strive to overcome obstacles of technological, organizational and administrative nature. It presents the case of epistemic resistance. In other circumstances, when the mechanisms of epistemic coercion function without recognition and impediment, the epistemic environment conforms. Professor S. Turner’s article gives an in-depth analysis of epistemic coercion as a ubiquitous phenomenon, pervading intellectual and institutional practices of science and public life. Having stated the existence of the new instruments of epistemic control, he also sheds light on the requirement of the new forms of resistance. In the following article the author consequently scrutinizes the types of epistemic coercion offered by S. Turner. In order to highlight a technological perspective on all three types of epistemic coercion (information deprivation, normalizing/stigmatizing, legitimating/delegitimizing), the author places the emphasis on algorithm – based practices as a distinctive type of information deprivation. Presented from the standpoint of technological design, an algorithm could be seen as a technologically embodied form of epistemic coercion. Further on, the author argues that some of the means of resistance, given by prof. S. Turner, are more suitable to perform epistemic coercion, rather than resisting it. For instance, transparency has compromised itself as an untrustworthy concept put in use to conceal more information than to reveal. Tribalism is proven to be another arguable means of resistance because of its limiting effect on practices of open internal and external scientific communication. Finally, the author augments the list of means of epistemic coercion with construction of ignorance and coercive effect of expertise.
Reading Feyerabend between Philosophy of Science, Hermeneutics – and God
Authors: Babich Babette ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

This essay seeks to make the case for reading hermeneutic philosophy of science with Feyerabend. In addition, there is the question of science, as Nietzsche raises this question along with Feyerabend’s programmatic recommendations for traditional philosophy of science. Including a discussion of method in history as in theology and philology, including Nietzsche’s hermeneutics, this essay reviews Feyerabend’s exchanges with Lakatos along with the resistance of mainstream philosophy of science to hermeneutics as such. A discussion of Feyerabend’s ‘gods’ engages what he invokes as ontological abundance as well as his criticism of the limitations of Popper’s critique of Parmenides requiring both historical/historiographical context, an understanding of science in practice, via a contextualization of Schrodinger, and via Plato’s epistemology along with Duhem on experiment and Riegl on style, crucial for Feyerabend on the notion of ‘progress,’ key for Lakatos and others, in art and science.
Feyerabend and Decolonisation
Authors: Muller Sean M. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in literature on decolonisation of knowledge. The impression often given in recent literature is of wholesale neglect of the concerns of the decolonisation literature in what might be called ‘Western thought’ of preceding decades. This paper argues that Feyerabend was a notable figure within Western epistemic communities who expressed positions analogous to those of proponents of decolonisation. The first section presents the most striking contributions from Feyerabend’s work that, I suggest, bear on questions of decolonisation. Four specific issues are identified based on those: the curriculum and the role of universities; the inspirational role of student protests; the concept of ‘epistemicide’; and, indigenous knowledge systems. The second section suggests a range of limitations of, and weaknesses in, Feyerabend’s analysis: no substantive engagement with history or literature on decolonisation; implicitly accepting the Сclaimed inherent association of science, rationalism and various forms of modernity with Western countries and cultures; the (rhetorical) construction of an unnecessary binary choice between science and traditional knowledge systems; underplaying agency through a form of othering; creating an unnecessarily stark binary of Western science and non-Western indigenous knowledge; and, as a consequence of all these, providing no substantive analysis of how science might be integrated with other knowledge systems and cultures. The concluding section provides a brief summary and identifies areas for future work.
College Students’ Use and Perceptions of Health-Related Technology and its Influence on Overall Health
Authors: Hawkins Katherine Hyatt , Wright Kevin B. ,   Pennsylvania Communication Association
Published: September 2024

This exploratory study sought to investigate how students are using online health-related technology, including mobile applica-tions, social media accounts, Fitbits or other similar products, gaming devices, and how the use of health technology contributes to their overall health or their perceived needs or barriers to health. Specifically, we sought to gain understanding of the frequency of use of these information sources and/or tools while taking into account personal health factors, including diet, exer-cise, smoking/alcohol consumption, sleep patterns, and stress. We predicted a relationship between use of health technologies and overall health and between BMI and health-related stigma and perceived stress. Additionally we explored motivations and barriers to health technology use and perceived credibility of different health-related technology sources. The results found that the convenience of the technologies was the most important motive for student use while privacy issues emerged as the most important barriers to use. The findings also demonstrated that face-to-face sources of health information are seen as more credible than online health information and this finding supports the two-step flow of communication process involving the use of health technologies and interpersonal communication about health. Health gaming and online support groups/communities (while controlling for other factors) were found to be the most important technologies in terms of predicting overall student health.
Societal Attitudes Towards the Single Woman A Metaphor Analysis
Authors: Turnage Anna K. , Huang Shuzhen ,   Pennsylvania Communication Association
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this article is to explore the rhetoric surrounding single women. In popular culture, single women are often described as lonely (Budgeon, 2008; Haddock, 2010), unhappy (Koeing et al., 2010; Zajicek & Koski, 2003), unfulfilled, and lacking interpersonal ties and strong social bonds (Budgeon, 2008). We offer a metaphor analysis of a Facebook self-help group called The Single Woman, along with a short book of affirmations entitled The Single Woman’s Manifesto, to analyze how women frame their singlehood and work to fight back against the cultural stigma surrounding their status. While the Facebook pages contained discussions, the affirmations were particularly powerful and contained specific metaphor patterns which indicate the authors’ perspective on single life. We scrolled through the site dating back to 2014 and pulled what appeared during that time period. The Single Woman’s Manifesto is entirely affirmations. In all, we analyzed 82 affirmations among the two artifacts. We then sorted the metaphors by frequency and intensity to reveal the following metaphor structures – “being single is a journey,” “being single is a battle,” and “being single is a gift.” These metaphors indeed support the struggle between those who feel empowered by singlehood and those who feel it is a daily struggle based on social narratives.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВІ ОСНОВИ ПЕРЕСЕЛЕННЯ ЖИТЕЛІВ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ Й ПОЛТАВСЬКОЇ ГУБЕРНІЙ НА ЗЕМЛІ ЧОРНОМОРСЬКОГО ВІЙСЬКА у 1820–1825 рр.
Authors: Herasymchuk Oleksandr
Published: September 2024

Міграційні процеси є важливими чинниками, які впливають не лише на демографічні параметри населення, а й на життєдіяльність країни в цілому. Дослідницька робота в цьому напрямку стає цінним надбанням для більш поглибленого вивчення історії нашої країни. Метою статті є дослідження процесу формування організаційно-правових основ переселення жителів Чернігівської й Полтавської губерній на землі Чорноморського війська у 1820–1825 рр. Методологічною основою дослідження є принципи історизму, науковості та обʼєктивності, що сприяло досягненню неупередженості та достовірності під час зʼясування конкретних фактів та показу логіки розвитку змін в історичному процесі. Методи дослідження ґрунтуються на принципах історизму та обʼєктивності; вони представлені загальнонауковими методами аналізу, синтезу та спеціально-історичними методами – історико-порівняльними й історико-генетичними. Наукова новизна. Вперше на основі архівних матеріалів розглянуто етапи формування правових підстав для міграцій населення Північного Лівобережжя України на Кубань у 1820–1825 рр. Висновки. Організаційно-правові основи переселення українських козаків на землі Чорноморського війська у 20-х рр. ХІХ ст. формувались упродовж майже двох десятиліть до початку цього переселення й остаточно були сформовані у 1820 – на поч. 1821 рр. Сам же масовий переселенський рух розпочався влітку 1821 р. Російський царизм, організовуючи переселення українських козаків, переслідував колонізаторську політику й прагнув до денацифікації українців, витравлюючи в їхній свідомості відчуття, що вони є українцями, зіштовхував їх з корінними народами. По суті, українці, оберігаючи південні рубежі Російської імперії, сприяли колонізаторській політиці російського царизму.
Connected Horizons Exploring the Intersection of IoT and Everyday Life
Authors: Godihal Jagdish H
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing various aspects of our daily lives. From healthcare to transportation, from agriculture to urban planning, IoT technologies are reshaping the world around us in profound ways. In this anthology, we delve into the diverse applications of IoT, exploring its impact on animal healthcare, power systems, pandemics, wastewater treatment, logistics, agriculture, smart buildings, smart homes, artificial intelligence, and more.
Basic Principles of Cell Injury and Adaptation-I
Authors: Gupta Dr. Surya Prakash
Published: September 2024

Cell injury and adaptation are fundamental concepts in pathology, exploring how cells respond to stress and damage. Cell injury occurs when cells face stressors that disrupt their normal function and structure, while adaptation refers to the changes cells undergo to survive such stress. Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment, crucial for cell survival. Feedback systems, which can be negative or positive, help regulate homeostasis by adjusting cellular activities. Causes of cellular injury include physical trauma, toxins, infections, and ischemia. The pathogenesis of cell injury involves damage to critical cellular components like the cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, and nucleus. Morphologically, cells exhibit adaptive changes to counteract injury. Atrophy is the reduction in cell size due to decreased workload or adverse conditions. Hypertrophy, on the other hand, involves an increase in cell size often due to increased demand. Hyperplasia refers to an increase in cell number, usually as a response to a stimulus. Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one cell type with another, often as a protective mechanism. Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal growth and development of cells, potentially leading to neoplasia. Understanding these principles provides insight into how cells maintain function and integrity under various physiological and pathological conditions
Disease of Bones and Joint
Authors: Tahir Mr. Abu
Published: September 2024

Diseases of bones and joints significantly impact mobility and quality of life, with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and gout being prevalent conditions. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the synovial joints, leading to progressive joint damage. The pathophysiology involves the immune system attacking the synovium, causing inflammation and joint destruction. Epidemiologically, RA affects about 1% of the global population, with a higher prevalence in women. Symptoms include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and fatigue. Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, blood tests for rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies, and imaging studies. Treatment includes anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologics. Complications can include joint deformity, cardiovascular disease, and increased risk of infections. Prevention strategies focus on early diagnosis and treatment to prevent joint damage. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone density and increased fracture risk. The pathophysiology involves an imbalance between bone resorption and formation, leading to weakened bones. Epidemiologically, osteoporosis is most common in postmenopausal women and the elderly. Symptoms are often absent until a fracture occurs, commonly in the hip, spine, or wrist. Diagnosis is made through bone mineral density testing using DEXA scans. Treatment includes calcium and vitamin D supplementation, bisphosphonates, and lifestyle modifications like weight-bearing exercises. Complications include fractures, chronic pain, and decreased mobility. Prevention focuses on maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints due to hyperuricemia. The pathophysiology involves the crystallization of uric acid in the joints, leading to intense inflammation. Epidemiologically, gout affects about 1-2% of the population, more commonly in men and older adults. Symptoms include sudden, severe joint pain, redness, and swelling, often in the big toe. Diagnosis is confirmed by identifying urate crystals in joint fluid and elevated serum uric acid levels. Treatment includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, and urate-lowering therapies like allopurinol. Complications can include recurrent gout attacks, chronic gouty arthritis, and kidney stones. Prevention involves managing risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and diet high in purines, and ensuring proper hydration
Infection Diseases-I
Authors: Gupta Dr. Surya Prakash
Published: September 2024

Infectious diseases significantly impact global health, with tuberculosis (TB) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) being prevalent examples. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but can spread to other organs. The pathophysiology involves the inhalation of airborne droplets, leading to the formation of granulomas in the lungs where the bacteria can remain dormant or become active. Epidemiologically, TB is a major health issue, particularly in developing countries, with significant morbidity and mortality. Symptoms include a persistent cough, weight loss, night sweats, and fever. Diagnosis is confirmed through sputum tests, chest X-rays, and tuberculin skin tests. Treatment involves a prolonged course of multiple antibiotics, typically isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Complications can include lung damage, disseminated TB, and drug-resistant TB. Prevention focuses on vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), early detection, and appropriate treatment to reduce transmission. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections affecting the urinary system, including the bladder (cystitis) and kidneys (pyelonephritis). The pathophysiology involves the ascent of bacteria, usually Escherichia coli, from the urethra to the bladder and potentially to the kidneys. Epidemiologically, UTIs are more common in women due to anatomical differences, with a significant incidence in sexually active women and the elderly. Symptoms include frequent and painful urination, urgency, and lower abdominal pain. Pyelonephritis may present with fever, flank pain, and nausea. Diagnosis is confirmed through urine analysis and culture. Treatment involves antibiotics, with the choice depending on the severity and location of the infection. Complications can include recurrent infections, kidney damage, and sepsis. Prevention strategies include proper hydration, urinating after sexual activity, and maintaining good personal hygiene
Basic Mechanism Involved in the Process of Inflammation and Repair-I
Authors: Tiwari Mr. Prabhakar Singh
Published: September 2024

Inflammation is a complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It serves as a protective mechanism aimed at removing the injurious stimuli and initiating the healing process. The clinical signs of inflammation, famously described by the Roman physician Celsus, include redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (tumor), and pain (dolor), with loss of function (functio laesa) later added by Galen. Inflammation can be classified into two main types: acute and chronic. Acute inflammation is the immediate response to injury, characterized by the rapid influx of immune cells, mainly neutrophils, to the site of injury. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is a prolonged response involving lymphocytes and macrophages, leading to tissue destruction and repair simultaneously. The mechanism of inflammation involves a series of complex events, starting with alterations in vascular permeability and blood flow. Upon injury, blood vessels dilate to increase blood flow to the affected area, a process known as vasodilation. This is followed by an increase in vascular permeability, allowing proteins and white blood cells to exit the bloodstream and enter the damaged tissue. These changes are mediated by various chemical signals, such as histamines and cytokines, released by injured cells and immune cells. Understanding these basic mechanisms is crucial for developing treatments that can modulate the inflammatory response and promote effective tissue repair.
Haematological Disease-I
Authors: Tahir Mr. Abu
Published: September 2024

Hematological diseases encompass a wide range of disorders affecting blood components, including red and white blood cells, platelets, and the coagulation system. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and megaloblastic anemia are two common types of hematological disorders. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when there is insufficient iron to produce hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The pathophysiology involves depleted iron stores due to inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, or chronic blood loss. Epidemiologically, IDA is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, particularly affecting women and children. Symptoms include fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Diagnosis is made through blood tests showing low hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum ferritin levels. Treatment involves iron supplementation and addressing the underlying cause. Complications of untreated IDA can include heart problems and developmental delays in children. Prevention focuses on adequate dietary iron intake and early intervention in at risk populations. Megaloblastic anemia, on the other hand, is caused by deficiencies in vitamin B12 or folic acid, leading to impaired DNA synthesis and the production of abnormally large red blood cells. The pathophysiology involves insufficient intake, malabsorption, or increased requirements of these vitamins. Epidemiologically, it is prevalent in populations with poor nutrition, the elderly, and individuals with malabsorption syndromes. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pallor, and neurological deficits such as numbness and cognitive changes in vitamin B12 deficiency. Diagnosis is confirmed through blood tests showing megaloblastic changes in red blood cells and low levels of vitamin B12 or folic acid. Treatment includes supplementation with the deficient vitamin and managing the underlying cause. Complications can include severe neurological damage in untreated vitamin B12 deficiency and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Prevention involves ensuring adequate dietary intake of vitamin B12 and folic acid, particularly in vulnerable groups such as vegetarians, pregnant women, and the elderly
Analisis Kualitas Pembelajaran IPS: Evaluasi Efektivitas Metode, Materi dan Pengajaran di Konteks SMP Unismuh Makassar
Authors: R. Tuljanah Nurfadila , Laman Almaida , Mukramin Sam'un
Published: September 2024

Kualitas pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) pada lembaga pendidikan formal berdampak pada kualitas belajar siswa hal ini dapat diketahui melalui tahapan evlauasi metode, materi dan pengajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kualitas pembelajaran IPS yang efektif di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama dengan meninjau berbagai Metode, Materi dan Pengajaran. Dalam menganalisis kualitas pendidikan IPS, menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penelitian ini juga mengkaji tantangan yang dihadapi guru dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran IPS tersebut, seperti kurangnya pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan, kurangnya pelatihan profesional, dan resistensi terhadap perubahan kurikulum. Melalui analisis observasi dengan pendekatan studi kasus, Dapat dilihat hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru berhasil menerapkan model Problem Based Learning dengan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pembelajaran. Dengan menggunakan media yang ada disekitarnya, siswa memahami apa yang disampaikan guru. Penggunaan strategi membaca dan menulis antara lain pemberian penghargaan (pujian, nilai, bintang, hadiah kepada siswa), pemberian bahan referensi untuk mencari jawaban dan solusi pemecahan masalah, serta belajar kelompok dan diskusi siswa.
Symantic Literatur Review Riset Etnomatematika Menggunakan Bibliometrix R Studio Bibblioshiny
Authors: Febriyanti Chatarina , Handayani Shinta Dwi , Irawan Ari
Published: September 2024

The aim of this literature review is to analyze the trend of development of articles published by Scopus with a time span of 40 years from 1984-2024, as a material for study to forecast research that will be carried out by the next researcher. The method of writing this article uses a semantic literature review with the tools used is bibliometric analysis with R Studio biblioshiny. The stages of analysis activities by collecting articles through Scopus API Key with the keyword Ethnomathmematics found as many as 618 documents from journals, books, book chapters and others. Furthermore, an analysis of the results of data visualization from biblioshiny is carried out. The results of the study found that Indonesia,both authors and institutions, wrote many articles related to ethnomathematics. New themes were found that are relevant for ethnomathematics research that are linked to cryptography, curriculum, augmented reality and others, so that prospective researchers can link ethnomathematics with interdisciplinary studies
Literasi Media Sosial Islam Rahmatan Lil'alamin Pada Generasi Z
Authors: Fitriah ElKarimah Mia
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengumpulkan beberapa literatur dan membahas bagaimana media sosial mempromosikan gerakan Islam Rahmatan lil'alamin dan bagaimana mereka digunakan untuk mendukung gerakan tersebut. Gen Z, yang merupakan kelompok generasi yang terlahir antara tahun 1995 dan 2012, terlahir dan berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi yang cepat.   Dengan era Society5.0 yang memungkinkan semua orang untuk mengakses informasi secara mudah, Gen-Z mungkin juga mengalami dampak terkait dengan literasi digital tentang Islam Rahmatan lil'alamin. Tulisan ini disusun menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang menggabungkan penelitian literatur sebelumnya tentang sumber dan jurnal yang relevan. Studi lapangan yang fokus pada konten dari Instagram dan TikTok digunakan. Konten agama Islam  Rahmatan lil alamin tersedia dalam berbagai bentuk video yang bertujuan untuk mendukung kampanye dan mempromosikan gagasan bahwa agama Islam  adalah agama kedamaian. Penulis memetakan maksud istilah ini pada media online, pertama istilah itu merujuk pada moderasi beragama,  dan yang kedua, merujuk pada kebebasan yang harus ada batasnya. Islam sebagai rahmat Allah bukanlah bermakna berbelas kasihan kepada pelaku kemungkaran dan membiarkan mereka dalam kemungkarannya. Jadi rahmatan lil alamin, mengandung dua aspek yang tidak dapat ditinggalkan: ketegasan dan kelembutan.
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Authors: Shepherd Simon
Published: September 2024

This contribution is a record—apparently—of a presentation about the function and effects of dramatic performance within communities. It lurched from the Covid pandemic and the British government’s ‘levelling-up’ project back, over a century earlier, to the beginnings of the municipal and amateur theatre movements. These latter produced some of the earliest formulations of the idea that participation in performance-making enables self-expression and a sense of fellowship, thus building community. But, as Granville Barker, one of its greatest proponents, warned, this same activity, where it’s not rooted in the ‘hearts’ of people is merely a professional product, not ‘vital’. Which produces a dilemma for an author asked to take a live event, shared among participants, and substitute for it a journal article, civic, perhaps, but not necessarily vital. (This article is published in the thematic collection `The arts and humanities: rethinking value for today—views from Fellows of the British Academy’, edited by Isobel Armstrong.)
Lifestyle Education for 9th Grade Students through the Lesson: Ho Chi Minh Style
Authors:   Thu Dau Mot University, Thi Ut Nhut MSc. Pham
Published: September 2024

Students, especially middle school students, are showing more and more deviations in their lifestyle, not conforming to social standards, and gradually losing the nation's cultural identity. "Ho Chi Minh's style" is an essay in the 9th Literature program, pointing out the noble and simple beauty of Ho Chi Minh, from which to educate students in the lifestyle and ways of doing things. Work, conduct, etc. in accordance with the moral standards of society, and preserve the cultural identity of the nation.
Phát triển hạ tầng logistics cho phát triển kinh tế ở tỉnh Hưng Yên
Authors: Nguyễn Quang Hồng  , Nguyễn Ngọc Uyên
Published: September 2024

Hưng Yên là tỉnh có bề dày lịch sử hình thành và phát triển. Với vị trí chiến lược của gần thủ đô Hà Nội và quốc lộ 5B chạy qua, Hưng Yên sở hữu tiềm năng cho sự phát triển, nổi bật là trong lĩnh vực logistics - ngành kinh tế nền tảng. Tuy nhiên, do hạ tầng logistics vẫn còn yếu và chưa hoàn chỉnh, Hưng Yên vẫn chưa tận dụng tối đa lợi thế này. Trong tương lai gần, cần phải nâng cao sự hiểu biết về chức năng của logistics, phát triển các trung tâm logistics, hoàn thiện hệ thống giao thông và gia tăng hợp tác với các vùng khác cũng như quốc gia để hình thành một hệ thống cơ sở hạ tầng logistics đồng bộ và hiện đại, từ đó tận dụng tối ưu tiềm năng phát triển kinh tế - xã hội cho địa phương và đất nước.
A ineficácia a Área de Proteção Ambiental Triunfo do Xingu em conter o desmatamento na Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Neto Manoel Ribeiro Rodrigues , Moraes Dayane Rafaela Vidal de , Messias Cassiano Gustavo , Soler Luciana , Almeida Cláudio Aparecido de , Camilotti Vagner Luis
Published: September 2024

A Área de Proteção Ambiental Triunfo do Xingu (APATX) apresenta as maiores taxas de desmatamento dentro da Amazônia Legal Brasileira (ALB) quando comparada a outras áreas protegidas (APs). Nosso estudo, utilizando técnicas geoespaciais e estatísticas juntamente com dados do PRODES e Mapbiomas, examinou as transformações da paisagem de 2001 a 2022 para avaliar a eficácia da APATX em conter o desmatamento. Os resultados destacam que o principal fator de desmatamento dentro da APATX foi a conversão de terras para pastagem. As taxas de desmatamento observadas dentro da APATX refletiram a tendência mais ampla dentro da ALB, com taxas notavelmente mais altas na área de São Félix do Xingu em comparação com áreas fora dela, enquanto Altamira não exibiu diferenças significativas. Nosso estudo revelou que a APATX exibiu uma tendência de desmatamento estreitamente alinhada com o padrão geral observado no bioma, mostrando níveis de desmatamento que excedem os valores legalmente esperados com base nos dados disponíveis. Isso sugere que a AP está respondendo de maneira semelhante ao resto da Amazônia Brasileira aos fatores que impulsionam o desmatamento. Consequentemente, a APATX, uma área crucial para a conservação na Amazônia, não conseguiu conter efetivamente o desmatamento em uma região crítica de expansão agropecuária, onde a conversão de florestas em pastagens é o principal motor do desmatamento.
Pengaruh PAD, DAU, DAK, Bagi Hasil SDA, Investasi Dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Maluku Utara
Authors: Hijrasil Hijrasil
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh PAD, DAU, DAK, Bagi Hasil Sumber Daya Alam, Investasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Kemiskinan di Maluku Utara dalam Jangka Pendek dan Jangka Panjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka pendek variabel PAD, DAU, DAK, Bagi Hasil Sumber Daya Alam, Investasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi berpengaruh positif signifikan dan tidak signifikan terhadap Kemiskinan. Dalam jangka panjang variabel PAD, DAU, DAK memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Sementara itu, BSDA, Investasi, PDRB dalam jangka panjang memiliki hubungan negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Maluku Utara.
Perkawinan Beda Agama dalam Penafsiran Muhammad Rasyid Ridha dan Hamka
Authors: Hasiah Hasiah  , Sawaluddin Siregar
Published: September 2024

As for the background of this research, it is known that the issue of interfaith marriage has become a polemic and even relevant issue to be studied. This issue continues to be discussed by scholars because interfaith marriages are still common in socienty. Muhammad Rasyid Ridha and Hamka as mufassir where this social problem also occurs at a time when they feel responsible for finding legal solutions in the Qur’an to the problem of interfaith marriages that occur among these people. The results obtained from this study are: first, related to marriage between Muslim men and Muslim women. Their interpretation of the verse is that it is unlawful for a muslim man to marry a muslim women. However, according to Muhammad Rasyid Ridha, the word polytheist in the verse is of a special form, namely only Arab polytheists. While according to Hamka the polytheists in general. Second, releated to marriage between Muslim men and women of the peiple of the book. Their interpretation of the verse is that it is permissible for a Muslim man to marry a women of the people of the book. According to Muhammad Rasyid Ridha, the criteria of the scribes are as long as they have a holy book. Meanwhile, according to Hamka, the people of the book are only limited to Jews and Christians.
Peran Kepala Sekolah Sebagai Supervisor Klinis Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru
Authors: Titi Hartini
Published: September 2024

Clinical Supervision is needed by educators to improve professional teacher performance. Through clinical supervision, school principals can carry out coaching related to increasing the competence of teaching staff in carrying out learning in class. Clinical supervision carried out by the principal at SMP Negeri 1 Cikoneng is carried out through stages which globally consist of pre-observation meetings, classroom observations and return meetings or post-observation. As well as follow-up evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the school principal in the implementation of clinical supervision which has an impact on teacher performance in carrying out teaching and learning activities. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach by studying the facts that occurred, data collection techniques were obtained through interviews with school principals and teaching staff. direct observation and documentation study. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Cikoneng, Ciamis Regency. Improving the performance of teachers at Cikoneng 1 Public Middle School is carried out with various activities, including Supervision of the school principal, Educators are motivated so that supervision activities are the desire and awareness of the teaching staff to improve what they feel still needs to be improved both from making preparations, selecting methods, techniques and learning media, so that the learning process in class is more meaningful and students get a pleasant learning experience. The results of this study include: 1) Implementation of clinical supervision is carried out gradually by the principal at Cikoneng 1 Public Middle School, as a coaching effort for teachers to improve the competence of teaching staff in learning. 2) Principals in carrying out clinical supervision are able to improve teacher performance in learning even better. 3). The principal as a clinical supervisor must understand and have strategies that are able to provide change for educators in teaching and learning activities.
Analysis of Writing Error in Teaching Writing Skills to Class four Student at SD Jam’iyyatul Hujjaj Bukittinggi
Authors: Mulyani Maiza  , Nurhasnah Nurhasnah
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out the mistakes in writing Arabic vocabulary and the solutions to these mistakes. And the research methodology used by researchers is descriptive qualitative research, because researchers analyze facts in general by presenting existing facts to form new ideas based on the research reality. And data collection methods in this study are observation and documentation. And the results in writing Arabic vocabulary in learning writing skills that the researchers got in grade 4 SD Jam'iyyatul hujjaj Bukittinggi: Errors in writing Arabic vocabulary according to the rules as many as 25 students. errors in differentiating the writing of Arabic letters such as: ت،ط،ذ،ز،س،ش،ص،ض as many as 18 students. And errors in the difficulty of writing vowel dhommah as many as 16 students. errors in differentiating writing between tactic and ta marbuthah as many as 20 students. errors in distinguishing short length as many as 25 students. There are many solutions to errors in writing Arabic words, including providing more exposure for students in video or image form to professional writing.
Analisis Akuntabilitas Lembaga Pendidikan Kontemporer
Authors: Arif Fiandi
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to discuss and find out about the concept of accountability in contemporary educational institutions. This research method uses literature review, by studying from literary sources that are relevant to the material discussed. Accountability is the obligation to provide accountability for a mandate or responsibility assigned to related parties, especially the party providing the mandate. The application of accountability in educational institutions is a must to increase public trust in educational institutions. Forms of implementing accountability in contemporary educational institutions include: Decisions must be made in writing and available to every citizen who needs them, accuracy and completeness of information, explanation of policy objectives taken and communicated, feasibility and consistency, and dissemination of information regarding a decision. One of the accountability models applied in contemporary educational institutions is administrative accountability, which includes traditional accountability, managerial accountability, program accountability and process accountability.
Sekolah Inklusi Sebagai Pengembangan Karakteristik SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Godean
Authors: Ithma Panggalih  , Didi Kardo  , Natasa Olandari
Published: September 2024

In the world of education, especially for teaching staff, knowing each student's characteristics is very important, this really helps teaching staff in adjusting teaching and learning methods. Especially for students who have physical limitations or whose IQ is below average. In every learning process, not everything is carried out smoothly, there are some students who experience learning difficulties and ultimately cannot achieve the appropriate learning targets. Inclusive education is one of the educational institutions presented by the government with the aim of providing opportunities for students with special needs or students who have special talents and intelligence to get education like regular students without looking at differences. Placement of students with special needs needs to pay attention to the potential, type and level of impairment or need.