bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental radiofrequency radiation at the Järntorget
Square in Stockholm Old Town, Sweden in May, 2018
compared with results on brain and heart tumour risks in rats
exposed to 1.8 GHz base station environmental emissions
Authors: HARDELL LENNART , CARLBERG MICHAEL , HEDENDAHL LENA K. , KOPPEL TARMO , AHONEN MIKKO
Published: December 2018

Radiofrequency (RF) radiation in the frequency
range 30 kHz to 300 GHz was evaluated in 2011 by the
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) at WHO
to be a 'possible human carcinogen' Group 2B. The conclusion
was based on human epidemiological studies on an increased
risk of glioma and acoustic neuroma. In previous measurement
studies, we found high environmental RF radiation levels at
certain public places and also in an apartment in Stockholm,
Sweden. One such place was the Järntorget square in the
Stockholm Old Town. The EME Spy exposimeter was used for
these studies. We have now conducted a field spatial distribution measurement with a radiofrequency broadband analyser.
The maximum E-field topped at 11.6 V/m at the centre of the
square, where the antenna was focused. Järntorget's mean
value was 5.2 V/m, median 5.0 V/m, range 1.2-11.6 V/m. Of
interest is that this level can be compared to a lifespan carcinogenicity study on rats exposed to 1.8 GHz GSM environmental
radiation performed at the Ramazzini Institute (RI) in Italy. A
statistically significant increase in the incidence of malignant
schwannoma in the heart was found in male rats at the highest
dose, 50 V/m. In treated female rats at the highest dose, the
incidence of malignant glial tumours was increased, although
this was not statistically significant. On the whole, the findings
of this study showed that RF radiation levels at one square,
Järntorget, in Sweden, were only one order of magnitude lower
than those showing an increased incidence of tumours in the
RI animal study. An increased cancer risk cannot be excluded
for those working in the proximity of Järntorget for longer
time periods.
Autoria de professores em blogs: potencialidades para a reflexão e ressignificação da prática docente de professores de ciências
Authors: Maciel Acta Maiara Evangelista , Halmann Adriane Lizbehd
Published: December 2018

A autoria na web contemporânea tem sido descrita como potencial para a construção de diferentes escritas e leituras de mundo, o que foi aproveitado por alguns professores de Ciências que mantêm blogs sobre suas práticas docentes. Sabe-se que a autoria está intimamente ligada à reflexão e construção de novos significados para as práticas, mas de que maneira isso ocorre entre professores de Ciências autores de blogs? Para investigar este fenômeno foi traçada uma pesquisa de mestrado com o seguinte objetivo: compreender como a autoria de professores em blogs pode desencadear processos de reflexão e ressignificação da prática docente. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa, netnográfica, que foi realizada com a inserção das pesquisadoras no lócus do fenômeno investigado: a blogosfera. Foi possível observar os processos autorais dos professores nos blogs analisados, o que foi complementado por entrevistas semiestruturadas online. Um dos aspectos analisados foi em relação ao processo de construção autoral dos conteúdos postados nos blogs, o que demonstrou ser motivado por inquietações do cotidiano e também para a divulgação científica. Outro aspecto apontado pelos docentes em seus relatos foi de que os blogs funcionam como espaços com grandes potencialidades para a reflexão e ressignificação da prática docente. Por fim, foi analisado o processo de escrita colaborativa, sendo que os achados da pesquisa demonstram que este processo autoral e reflexivo nos blogs é importante para a formação continuada de professores, autores e blogueiros. Conclui-se, assim, que a web pode fomentar a colaboração, com textos multiautorais, que interagem a partir de diferentes tempos e espaços e que, por sua vez, repercutem nas formações e práticas docentes cotidianas.
A educação científica em um centro de ciências: potencialidades e desafios das atividades educativas na Praça da Ciência de Vitória – Es
Authors: Da Mota Mainã Mantovanelli , Cantarino Sarah De Jesus , Coelho Geide Rosa
Published: December 2018

Os centros de ciências destacam-se pelos processos interativo e dinâmico que contribuem para a construção da cultura científica. O presente trabalho visa investigar as potencialidades e desafios para o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas em um centro de ciências na cidade de Vitória, no Espírito Santo. Este estudo possui caráter exploratório e de natureza qualitativa. As evidências foram confeccionadas por meio da análise de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com seis mediadores do espaço, um pedagogo e dois professores visitantes. Evidenciamos diversos desafios referentes às ações e processo formativo dos mediadores. Muitos deles centram as práticas interativas nas explicações conceituais dos instrumentos científicos. O processo formativo está centrado na partilha de experiências entre os colegas do centro e na leitura das apostilas que descrevem os instrumentos do espaço. Os professores apontam como potencialidade a possibilidade de vincular a teoria com situações práticas, relacionadas aos instrumentos científicos do espaço.
Sequência didática para o ensino de função afim utilizando aprendizagem baseada em projetos
Authors: Oliveira Sebastião Luís de , Romão Estaner Claro
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma sequência didática para o ensino de função afim por meio do uso de uma metodologia ativa de ensino denominada aprendizagem baseada em projetos concomitantemente ao ensino expositivo tradicional de matemática. Participaram das atividades relacionadas a sequência didática 105 alunos da primeira série do ensino médio divididos em três turmas nos anos letivos de 2016 e 2017. Adotou-se uma pesquisa com enfoque qualitativo onde se observou o aumento da motivação para aprender dos alunos e a percepção da relação da Matemática com seu cotidiano. A sequência didática permite o desenvolvimento das competências e habilidades do século XXI além de ser possível de ser reproduzida por outros professores de Matemática.
Estratégia didática: utilizando a modelagem para facilitar o ensino e aprendizagem da temática terra e universo
Authors: Amador Nilgleice Leal , Trindade Rosilene De Jesus , Gomes Paulo Weslem Portal , Ramos Eduardo Zaragoza , De Souza Ronilson Freitas
Published: December 2018

Neste estudo buscou-se avaliar o impacto de uma atividade integradora, utilizando a modelagem no Ensino de Ciências para aprendizagem da unidade temática Terra e Universo. A pesquisa constitui-se uma intervenção pedagógica e foi realizada com alunos do 5° ano da rede pública municipal de Salvaterra-PA, onde eles participaram de uma aula utilizando a modelagem como estratégia didática. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a observação participante e um teste aplicado ao final da intervenção. Como efeito desta atividade, notou-se a criatividade, imaginação, entusiasmo, participação em grupo e interações ativas dos alunos durante a confecção dos modelos para representar o tema em questão; também foi observada a adequada internalização dos conteúdos, expressa pelos resultados do teste que mostraram percentual de desempenho superior a 80% de acertos das questões propostas. Com isso, destaca-se que esta intervenção ofereceu oportunidades para os estudantes se envolverem na aula e propiciou a assimilação dos conceitos estudados, melhorando o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da turma e proporcionando uma educação mais atrativa e eficiente.
Atividade sobre sistemas de numeração baseada em informações históricas: uma proposta de ensino para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Da Silva Eliane Siviero , Trivizoli Lucieli Maria
Published: December 2018

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação para a Ciência e a Matemática da Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM, finalizada no ano de 2017. O trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as potencialidades da História da Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental a partir da aplicação de uma atividade sobre sistemas de numeração. Foi realizada uma atividade com alunos do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública localizada no município de Moreira Sales – Paraná, envolvendo propriedades dos sistemas de numeração maia, chinês e o indo-arábico. Por meio dessa implementação buscamos identificar as potencialidades pedagógicas da História da Matemática descritas por Antonio Miguel e Maria Ângela Miorim no livro “História na Educação Matemática: propostas e desafios” (2011) que se evidenciaram na realização da atividade. Para isso, foram criadas três categorias de análise relacionadas ao potencial do material trabalhado para o professor, para o aluno e para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática. Algumas das potencialidades identificadas na proposta realizada foram: a abordagem histórica como fonte de seleção de sequências e métodos adequados de ensino para diferentes tópicos da Matemática escolar; a abordagem histórica também se mostrou fonte de busca, compreensão e de significação para o ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática escolar na atualidade. A atividade elaborada se mostrou um material pedagógico com potencial para o trabalho com os sistemas de numeração, uma vez que possibilitou aos alunos tralharem com as características de cada um dos sistemas de numeração, comparando as semelhanças e diferenças entre eles, tudo isso com o apoio do material manipulável que tornou a atividade mais lúdica aos estudantes, dessa forma, o uso das informações históricas se apresentou como uma sequência adequada de ensino para este tópico matemático.
Representações midiáticas de corpo, gênero e sexualidade: uma análise da série Orange Is The New Black
Authors: Schlösser Tainá Cordova , Pereira Patricia Barbosa
Published: December 2018

As mídias atravessam, definem e perfazem nossas interações cotidianas. Na escola isto não tem sido diferente. No entanto, por falta de apropriação teórico-prática e pouca visibilidade didática, alguns artefatos midiáticos, quando associados ao aspecto pedagógico, podem ser generalizados negativamente como vilões e causadores da indisciplina. Partindo dessas ideias, bem como de nossas vivências no âmbito escolar, juntamente com a assunção de alguns assuntos polêmicos/tabus em discursos que circulam na atualidade, o presente artigo trará a análise de trechos da série estadunidense “Orange Is The New Black”, acessada com frequência por jovens e adolescentes em idade escolar. Para tal, faremos uso da Análise de Discurso francesa (AD), com a intenção de discutir como os temas sexualidade, corpo e gênero são representados na série, além de analisarmos como essas representações podem influenciar na construção de sentidos acerca de tais temas. Buscaremos verificar, também, se existe a possibilidade de se aprender com as mídias no escopo do Ensino de Ciências, em uma abordagem mais contextualizada quanto à educação sexual. A série apresenta conteúdos sociais, os quais podem ser discutidos em sala de aula para o estudo de temas transversais, principalmente em relação à educação sexual e no que diz respeito aos temas sexualidade, corpo e gênero, em uma alternativa à abordagem biológica-higienista, a partir de outros aspectos como os direitos humanos e sexuais.
A cultura escolar do campo e o ensino da matemática
Authors: Schrenk Maykon Jhonatan , Novaes Barbara Winiarski Diesel
Published: December 2018

Com o objetivo de identificar a presença da cultura escolar do campo no ensino de matemática (anos finais do ensino fundamental) em uma escola situada na zona rural, a presente pesquisa foi fundamentada no aporte teórico-metodológico da História Cultural por meio do conceito de cultura escolar (JULIA, 1990), tendo como fontes: cadernos de matemática dos estudantes do Ensino Fundamental (anos finais); imagens das atividades docentes; Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP); planejamento do professor de matemática; legislação pertinente; entrevistas com o diretor da escola, com a professora de matemática do Ensino Fundamental e com a pedagoga. O currículo mostrou-se pronunciadamente urbanocêntrico especificamente em relação às aulas de matemática. Apesar de uma forte cultura escolar do campo estar presente na escola investigada, há pouca presença dessa cultura especificamente no ensino da matemática. Como reflexão final, nos perguntamos se, em nossas escolas urbanas, não estamos precisando de elementos culturais próprios das escolas do campo: sentimento de pertencimento, envolvimento da comunidade, formação de lideranças, interdisciplinaridade, trabalho em grupo e valorização das práticas matemáticas locais.
Uma sequência didática para o ensino de polígonos: o uso de materiais manipuláveis no quinto ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Polli Cileide Teixeira da Silva , Figueiredo Helenara Regina Sampaio
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo resultou de um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado acerca do desenvolvimento do pensamento geométrico do aluno. O estudo teve foco no estudo dos polígonos com o objetivo de investigar as possíveis aplicações de materiais manipuláveis no ensino de Geometria no 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. A metodologia adotada neste estudo foi de natureza qualitativa, no qual apresentamos os resultados de um dos momentos da aplicação de uma sequência didática sobre polígonos. A fundamentação teórica se baseia em autores como Lorenzato (1995), que defende a presença da Geometria no ensino de Matemática, a partir do argumento de que este conhecimento deve ser construído desde a Educação Infantil, visto que auxilia na solução dos problemas do cotidiano, os quais, muitas vezes, são geometrizados. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a possibilidade de que os materiais manipuláveis possam potencializar a construção do saber geométrico em alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Ademais, constatou-se que o uso de materiais manipuláveis se apresenta como uma possibilidade de imprimir maior significado à construção dos conceitos geométricos, na medida em que permitem aos alunos manipular, comparar, recortar, pesquisar, observar e construir conceitos.  Foram ainda encontradas evidências de que esse tipo de material facilita a observação e a análise por favorecer o desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico e crítico, essenciais para a construção dos diferentes saberes matemáticos.
Detecção automática de cenários internos e externos utilizando mensagens NMEA de receptores GNSS
Authors: Pissardini Rodrigo De Sousa , Fonseca Junior Edvaldo Simões da
Published: December 2018

Detecção de cenários internos e externos é um importante recurso para diversos tipos de atividades como navegação multisensor e serviços baseados em localização. Esta pesquisa apresenta o uso de dados NMEA fornecidos por receptores GPS para caracterizar diferentes tipos de cenários automaticamente. Um conjunto de testes estáticos é realizado para avaliar métricas obtidas dos dados NMEA como quantidade de satélites, diluição da precisão e razão densidade sinal-ruído, com o objetivo de detectar possíveis padrões de comportamento que permitam determinar tipos de cenários de operação.
Le sentiment du tragique
Authors: Di Giacomo Francesca , Martin-Bonneville Solène , Lida-Pulik Hélène
Published: December 2018

La tragédie, née à Athènes au v e  siècle av. J.-C., est caractérisée par la représentation de la nature problématique de la réalité. À l’adolescence, la résolution de l’énigme de la sexualité permet d’investir l’idée que des forces conflictuelles déterminent le comportement des hommes. En découvrant la dimension tragique de l’existence, l’adolescent peut reconnaître les manœuvres perverses où du registre de l’ambiguïté on passe à celui de la paradoxalité, et s’engager dans une action de dénonciation.
Le double héroïque, entre mythe et roman
Authors: Chevalier Julie , Bonnet Christian , Gimenez Guy
Published: December 2018

Les auteurs interrogent les spécificités du double dans son articulation à la figure du héros, depuis certains mythes et dans le roman familial des névrosés. Deux visées sont explorées : le « double héroïque » comme ordonnancement du désir incestuel sororal et fraternel ; et la construction d’un « roman sororal et fraternel » par le sujet adolescent, articulant amour et haine auprès des figures érotisées de la sœur et du frère cadets.
The Importance of Instruction on Mass Casualty Incidents in Baccalaureate Nursing Programs: Perceptions of Nursing Faculty
Authors: Whitty Kristin K. , Burnett Michael F.
Published: December 2018

This study examined whether a relationship exists between mass casualty incident knowledge and perceived importance of incorporating competencies regarding mass casualty incidents into baccalaureate nursing programs by faculty in Louisiana. A total of 285 educators in baccalaureate nursing programs in Louisiana were asked to complete the survey instrument; usable surveys was collected from 166 participants (58%). Results indicated participants had limited training and life experiences regarding mass casualty incidents, as well as limited knowledge of mass casualty incidents. However, participants perceived mass casualty incident instruction as important for inclusion in nursing curricula. There was a positive relationship between self-perceived knowledge of mass casualty incidents and perceived importance of including these competencies into the nursing curriculum. These findings suggest schools of nursing take steps to identify or train a pool of educators who can teach mass casualty incident preparation.
La Música, pero también Música: nuevos cánones de Tomás de Iriarte
Authors: Pérez Mancilla Victoriano J.
Published: December 2018

Tomás de Iriarte ha pasado a la historia como uno de los escritores más relevantes del neoclasicismo español, pero también por haber contribuido decididamente a la teoría del arte de los sonidos en el siglo XVIII con su poema didáctico La música. No obstante, también fue un intérprete aficionado de instrumentos como la viola y desarrolló una significativa actividad como compositor, aunque hasta el momento solo se conozca la música de su melólogo Guzmán el Bueno y una colección de diecisiete cánones, estos últimos conservados en una fuente del Conservatorio Superior de Música de Madrid publicada hace solo una década. Sin embargo, en este trabajo de investigación damos a conocer otra colección de cánones más antigua y completa que la citada, inédita hasta la fecha, que contiene una veintena más de obras distintas a las recogidas en la fuente madrileña.
La Metropolitan Opera House canta con voz española: la génesis neoyorkina de la soprano María Barrientos
Authors: Sánchez Rodríguez Virginia
Published: December 2018

La soprano María Barrientos (*1884; †1946) fue una de las artistas españolas con mayor proyección internacional durante el primer tercio del siglo XX. A pesar de que al final de su vida se dedicó a la canción de concierto, María Barrientos estuvo vinculada a la ópera hasta la década de 1920, perteneciendo a las compañías más relevantes de la época y actuando en los principales teatros. En el presente trabajo ofrecemos un acercamiento a su debut en la Metropolitan Opera House de Nueva York, acaecido en el año 1916. La selección de este evento como objeto de estudio se debe a que significa la presentación musical de la diva española en uno de los espacios operísticos más relevantes y el punto inicial de su carrera norteamericana, caracterizada por las ovaciones del público, la aprobación de la crítica y un lugar destacado en la industria discográfica, tal como demuestran las fuentes hemerográficas consultadas.
Fuzzy Control of Product Quality in a Manufacturing System Modeled with Interval Constrained Petri Net
Authors: Adjim Sarra , Ghoul Hadiby Rachida , Chermitti Alli , Slimane Abdelkader
Published: December 2018

One of the main aspects of small and medium-sized enterprises is the quality of the products, in a production system several parameters and non-temporal variables must respect very strict variation intervals such as weight measurements, in the chemical industry. This parameter also takes a fundamental part in the quality of the product. The correct production process is based on a given percentage of each material. We chose a food production system where the quality requirements are very high. In this article, we propose a production system modeling by interval constraint Petri net. And we controlled these intervals with a fuzzy type-2 controller for decision making.
Thermal and structural analysis of a fuel storage tank under an adjacent pool fire
Authors: Espinosa Susana N. , Jaca Rossana C. , Godoy Luis A.
Published: December 2018

This work reports the modeling and computational implementation of heat transfer processes that take place from a source tank to a target tank in a tank farm, focusing on the thermal field that develops at the target tank. Pool fire with gasoline burning is modeled at the source, in which the flame is represented by a two-layer solid flame model. A rigorous heat transfer model is implemented together with a Computational Fluid Dynamics model for the fuel storage. This process yields the temperature field in the target tank. Such thermal fields are subsequently employed as input in a structural analysis of the target tank to compute displacements and stresses and to assess possible structural damage. For the case studied, the results show that a steady-state process is reached in less than an hour, with temperatures in the order of 400°C at elevations above the fuel level stored in the target tank, whereas much lower temperatures are computed on the zone in contact with fuel. Displacement jumps are seen to occur at the fuel level and at the junction between the cylinder and a fixed roof.
Mini-Workshop: Reflectionless Operators: The Deift and Simon Conjectures
Authors: Damanik David , Gesztesy Fritz , Yuditskii Peter
Published: December 2018

Reflectionless operators in one dimension are particularly amenable to inverse scattering and are intimately related to integrable systems like KdV and Toda. Recent work has indicated a strong (but not equivalent) relationship between reflectionless operators and almost periodic potentials with absolutely continuous spectrum. This makes the realm of reflectionless operators a natural place to begin addressing Deift’s conjecture on integrable flows with almost periodic initial conditions and Simon’s conjecture on gems of spectral theory establishing correspondences between certain coefficient and spectral properties.
Mini-Workshop: Interactions between Low-dimensional Topology and Complex Algebraic Geometry
Authors: Friedl Stefan , Maxim Laurentiu , Suciu Alexander I.
Published: December 2018

Recent developments exhibit a strong connection between low-dimensional topology and complex algebraic geometry. A common theme is provided by the Alexander polynomial and its many avatars. The mini-Workshop brought together at Oberwolfach groups of researchers working in mostly separate areas, but sharing common interests in a vibrant, emerging field at the crossroads of Topology, Group Theory, and Geometry.
Copositivity and Complete Positivity
Authors: Berman Abraham , Bomze Immanuel M. , Dür Mirjam , Shaked-Monderer Naomi
Published: December 2018

A real matrix

A

is called copositive if

x^TAx \ge 0

holds for all

x \in \mathbb R^n_+

. A matrix

A

is called completely positive if it can be factorized as

A = BB^T

, where

B

is an entrywise nonnegative matrix. The concept of copositivity can be traced back to Theodore Motzkin in 1952, and that of complete positivity to Marshal Hall Jr. in 1958. The two classes are related, and both have received considerable attention in the linear algebra community and in the last two decades also in the mathematical optimization community. These matrix classes have important applications in various fields, in which they arise naturally, including mathematical modeling, optimization, dynamical systems and statistics. More applications constantly arise.

The workshop brought together people working in various disciplines related to copositivity and complete positivity, in order to discuss these concepts from different viewpoints and to join forces to better understand these difficult but fascinating classes of matrices.
Network Models: Structure and Function
Authors: Addario-Berry Louigi , Bhamidi Shankar , van der Hofstad Remco , den Hollander Frank
Published: December 2018

The focus of the meeting was on the mathematical analysis of complex networks, both on how networks emerge through microscopic interaction rules as well as on dynamic processes and optimization problems on networks, including random walks, interacting particle systems and search algorithms. Topics that were addressed included: percolation on graphs and critical regimes for the emergence of a giant component; graph limits and graphons; epidemics, propagation and competition; trees and forests; dynamic random graphs; local versus global algorithms; statistical learning on networks.
Clustering of Necropsy-Confirmed Porcine Cysticercosis Surrounding Taenia solium Tapeworm Carriers in Peru
Authors: Lescano Andres G. , Pray Ian W. , Gonzalez Armando E. , Gilman Robert H. , Tsang Victor C. W. , Gamboa Ricardo , Guezala M. Claudia , Aybar Viterbo , Rodriguez Silvia , Moulton Lawrence H. , Leontsini Elli , Gonzalvez Guillermo , O’Neal Seth E. , Garcia Hector H. , _ _
Published: December 2018

The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is among the leading causes of preventable epilepsy in the world and is common in rural areas of developing countries where sanitation is limited and pigs have access to human feces. Prior studies in rural villages of Peru have observed clusters of T. solium cysticercosis among pigs that live near human tapeworm carriers. Such spatial analyses, however, have been limited by incomplete participation and substandard diagnostic tests. In this study, we evaluated the association between necropsy-confirmed cysticercosis in pigs and their distance to T. solium tapeworm carriers in six villages in northern Peru. A total of six (1.4%) tapeworm carriers were detected using copro-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and seven of 10 (70%) pigs belonging to the tapeworm carriers were found with viable cyst infection on necropsy. This was significantly greater than the prevalence of viable cyst infection among pigs living < 500 m (11%) and > 500 m (0.5%) from a tapeworm carrier (P < 0.001 for distance trend). Similar statistically significant prevalence gradients were observed after adjustment for possible confounders and for other pig-level outcomes including infection with > 10 viable cysts, degenerated cyst infection, and serological outcomes. This investigation confirms that porcine cysticercosis clusters strongly around tapeworm carriers in endemic rural regions of northern Peru and supports interventions that target these hotspots.
Schistosoma japonicum–Associated Colorectal Cancer: A Review
Authors: Hamid Hytham K. S.
Published: December 2018

Schistosoma japonicum is a digenetic blood fluke that has been implicated in the carcinogenesis of several human malignancies, notably liver and colorectal cancer (CRC). Schistosoma japonicum–associated colorectal cancer (SACC) is a distinct subtype with biological behavior analogous to colitis-induced CRC. The clinicopathological characteristics of SACC include young age at diagnosis, predominance among males, a strong predilection for the sigmoid colon and rectum, multifocal distribution, frequent mucinous histology, and poor prognosis. In addition to chronic inflammation, immunomodulation, and schistosomal toxins, bacterial coinfection appears to play an important role in the carcinogenic process. The present review provides the most recent updates on epidemiology, pathobiology, and clinical and prognostic features pertaining to SACC.
Estratégia de educação alimentar e nutricional na prevenção de distúrbios nutricionais em pré-escolares
Authors: Teodoro Micaela Aparecida , Dos Santos Lourene Marina Pinheiro Gomes , Lima Daniela Braga , Ferreira Eric Batista , Della Lucia Flavia
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever ações de educação alimentar e nutricional na prevenção de distúrbios nutricionais em pré-escolares. O estudo faz parte do projeto de extensão “Crescendo e Brincando com Saúde e Nutrição”, conduzido em Alfenas, Minas Gerais. A classificação do estado nutricional foi realizada por meio do Índice de Massa Corporal/Idade. Para as ações utilizou-se de metodologias lúdicas tais como jogos, histórias e teatro. Aplicou-se um questionário antes e após para analisar a eficácia das ações e o conhecimento dos pré-escolares (n=40). Verificou-se que, 77,5% dos pré-escolares avaliados apresentavam eutrofia (peso adequado) e, 22,5%, excesso de peso. Observou-se que tais ações obtiveram bons resultados no aprendizado e que o uso de metodologias lúdicas em ambiente escolar favorece esse processo. Concluiu-se que ações de educação alimentar e nutricional devem ser de duração continuada para que contribuam nas mudanças efetivas no comportamento alimentar e, consequentemente, na prevenção dos distúrbios nutricionais.
Estudo da queda livre em aulas de Física do Ensino Médio a partir de um marcador de tempo e da História da Ciência
Authors: Monteiro Marco Aurélio Alvarenga , Carvalho Samuel José de , Monteiro Isabel Cristina De Castro , Cindra José Lourenço
Published: December 2018

Já foi bastante estudado e até já se formou consenso entre os pesquisadores em Ensino de Ciências, que as atividades experimentais são muito importantes para o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem de conceitos científicos, entretanto, também são conhecidas às múltiplas e variadas dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores em desenvolvê-las em situação real de sala de aula com seus alunos. As pesquisas também mostraram ser significativas as contribuições que a História da Ciência pode trazer para o trabalho do professor de ciências em planejar e dirigir atividades didáticas em sala de aula. Neste trabalho, propomos uma versão de um marcador de tempo de baixo-custo e de fácil construção para a determinação da aceleração da gravidade local e o uso da História da Ciência como recurso importante ao professor para o planejamento de discussões com os alunos sobre o movimento de queda livre.
Effect of water physical therapy on quality of life in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Odynets Tetiana , Briskin Yuriy , Perederiy Alina , Pityn Maryan , Svistelnyk Iryna
Published: December 2018

Introduction

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized 12-week water physical therapy program on quality of life parameters in breast cancer survivors.

Methods

Overall, 68 women met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. They were randomly allocated for the water physical therapy program (experimental group, n = 34) and Pilates physical therapy program (active control group, n = 34). Both groups attended relevant programs for 12 weeks and received 36 rehabilitation sessions. Quality of life parameters were assessed with the questionnaire of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) with a specific module for breast cancer patients (BR-23). Quality of life data were recorded at baseline and after a 12-week intervention.

Results

In the results analysis, statistically significant differences between the studied groups were identified. The experimental group participants presented significantly fewer negative symptoms associated with the disease and surgical intervention as a whole. Particularly, fatigue was lower by 10.27 points in the experimental group compared with the active control group (p < 0.05), insomnia was lower by 13.23 points (p < 0.05), appetite loss was smaller by 14.30 points (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The results confirm that a 12-week water physical therapy program effectively improves quality of life parameters, which was reflected in improving general physical condition, shoulder range of motion, emotional and physical functioning, optimism about the future, and a decrease in fatigue, dyspnoea, and insomnia in breast cancer survivors.
Photochemical box modelling of volcanic SO2 oxidation: isotopic constraints
Authors: Galeazzo Tommaso , Bekki Slimane , Martin Erwan , Savarino Joël , Arnold Stephen R.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The photochemical box model CiTTyCAT is used to analyse the absence of oxygen mass-independent anomalies (O-MIF) in volcanic sulfates produced in the troposphere. An aqueous sulfur oxidation module is implemented in the model and coupled to an oxygen isotopic scheme describing the transfer of O-MIF during the oxidation of SO2 by OH in the gas-phase, and by H2O2, O3 and O2 catalysed by TMI in the liquid phase. Multiple model simulations are performed in order to explore the relative importance of the various oxidation pathways for a range of plausible conditions in volcanic plumes. Note that the chemical conditions prevailing in dense volcanic plumes are radically different from those prevailing in the surrounding background air. The first salient finding is that, according to model calculations, OH is expected to carry a very significant O-MIF in sulfur-rich volcanic plumes and, hence, that the volcanic sulfate produced in the gas phase would have a very significant positive isotopic enrichment. The second finding is that, although H2O2 is a major oxidant of SO2 throughout the troposphere, it is very rapidly consumed in sulfur-rich volcanic plumes. As a result, H2O2 is found to be a minor oxidant for volcanic SO2. According to the simulations, oxidation of SO2 by O3 is negligible because volcanic aqueous phases are too acidic. The model predictions of minor or negligible sulfur oxidation by H2O2 and O3, two oxidants carrying large O-MIF, are consistent with the absence of O-MIF seen in most isotopic measurements of volcanic tropospheric sulfate. The third finding is that oxidation by O2∕TMI in volcanic plumes could be very substantial and, in some cases, dominant, notably because the rates of SO2 oxidation by OH, H2O2 and O3 are vastly reduced in a volcanic plume compared to the background air. Only cases where sulfur oxidation by O2∕TMI is very dominant can explain the isotopic composition of volcanic tropospheric sulfate.
Rapid SO2 emission reductions significantly increase tropospheric ammonia concentrations over the North China Plain
Authors: Liu Mingxu , Huang Xin , Song Yu , Xu Tingting , Wang Shuxiao , Wu Zhijun , Hu Min , Zhang Lin , Zhang Qiang , Pan Yuepeng , Liu Xuejun , Zhu Tong
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The North China Plain has been identified as a significant hotspot of ammonia
(NH3) due to extensive agricultural activities. Satellite
observations suggest a significant increase of about 30 % in tropospheric
gas-phase NH3 concentrations in this area during 2008–2016.
However, the estimated NH3 emissions decreased slightly by 7 %
because of changes in Chinese agricultural practices, i.e., the transition in
fertilizer types from ammonium carbonate fertilizer to urea, and in the
livestock rearing system from free-range to intensive farming. We note that
the emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) have rapidly declined by
about 60 % over the recent few years. By integrating measurements from
ground and satellite, a long-term anthropogenic NH3 emission
inventory, and chemical transport model simulations, we find that this large
SO2 emission reduction is responsible for the NH3
increase over the North China Plain. The simulations for the period
2008–2016 demonstrate that the annual average sulfate concentrations
decreased by about 50 %, which significantly weakens the formation of
ammonium sulfate and increases the average proportions of gas-phase
NH3 within the total NH3 column concentrations from
26 % (2008) to 37 % (2016). By fixing SO2 emissions of 2008
in those multi-year simulations, the increasing trend of the tropospheric
NH3 concentrations is not observed. Both the decreases in sulfate
and increases in NH3 concentrations show highest values in summer,
possibly because the formation of sulfate aerosols is more sensitive to
SO2 emission reductions in summer than in other seasons. Besides,
the changes in NOx emissions and meteorological conditions
both decreased the NH3 column concentrations by about 3 % in
the study period. Our simulations suggest that the moderate reduction in
NOx emissions (16 %) favors the formation of
particulate nitrate by elevating ozone concentrations in the lower
troposphere.
Representing sub-grid scale variations in nitrogen deposition associated with land use in a global Earth system model: implications for present and future nitrogen deposition fluxes over North America
Authors: Paulot Fabien , Malyshev Sergey , Nguyen Tran , Crounse John D. , Shevliakova Elena , Horowitz Larry W.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Reactive nitrogen (N) emissions have increased over the last 150 years as a
result of greater fossil fuel combustion and food production. The resulting
increase in N deposition can alter the function of ecosystems, but
characterizing its ecological impacts remains challenging, in part because of
uncertainties in model-based estimates of N dry deposition. Here, we use the
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) atmospheric chemistry–climate
model (AM3) coupled with the GFDL land model (LM3) to estimate dry deposition
velocities. We leverage the tiled structure of LM3 to represent the impact of
physical, hydrological, and ecological heterogeneities on the surface removal
of chemical tracers. We show that this framework can be used to estimate N
deposition at more ecologically relevant scales (e.g., natural vegetation,
water bodies) than from the coarse-resolution global model AM3. Focusing on
North America, we show that the faster removal of N over forested ecosystems
relative to cropland and pasture implies that coarse-resolution estimates of
N deposition from global models systematically underestimate N deposition to
natural vegetation by 10 % to 30 % in the central and eastern US.
Neglecting the sub-grid scale heterogeneity of dry deposition velocities also
results in an underestimate (overestimate) of the amount of reduced
(oxidized) nitrogen deposited to water bodies. Overall, changes in land cover
associated with human activities are found to slow down the removal of N from
the atmosphere, causing a reduction in the dry oxidized, dry reduced, and
total (wet+dry) N deposition over the contiguous US of 8 %, 26 %, and
6 %, respectively. We also find that the reduction in the overall rate of
removal of N associated with land-use change tends to increase N deposition
on the remaining natural vegetation and facilitate N export to Canada. We
show that sub-grid scale differences in the surface removal of oxidized and
reduced nitrogen imply that projected near-term (2010–2050) changes in
oxidized (−47 %) and reduced (+40 %) US N emissions will cause
opposite changes in N deposition to water bodies (increase) and natural
vegetation (decrease) in the eastern US, with potential implications for
acidification and ecosystems.
Lidar temperature series in the middle atmosphere as a reference data set – Part 2: Assessment of temperature observations from MLS/Aura and SABER/TIMED satellites
Authors: Wing Robin , Hauchecorne Alain , Keckhut Philippe , Godin-Beekmann Sophie , Khaykin Sergey , McCullough Emily M.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. We have compared 2433 nights of Rayleigh lidar temperatures measured at
L'Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP) with co-located temperature
measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the Sounding of the
Atmosphere by Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument (SABER). The
comparisons were conducted using data from January 2002 to March 2018 in the
geographic region around the observatory (43.93∘ N,
5.71∘ E). We have found systematic differences between the
temperatures measured from the ground-based lidar and those measured from the
satellites, which suggest non-linear distortions in the satellite altitude
retrievals. We see a winter stratopause cold bias in the satellite
measurements with respect to the lidar (−6 K for SABER and −17 K
for MLS), a summer mesospheric warm bias (6 K near 60 km), and a
vertically structured bias for MLS (−4 to 4 K). We have corrected the
stratopause height of the satellite measurements using the lidar temperatures
and have seen an improvement in the comparison. The winter relative cold bias
between the lidar and SABER has been reduced to 1 K in both the stratosphere
and mesosphere and the summer mesospheric warm bias is reduced to 2 K.
Stratopause altitude corrections have reduced the relative cold bias between
the lidar and MLS by 4 K in the early autumn and late spring but were
unable to address the apparent vertical oscillations in the MLS temperature
profiles.
Near-ice Hydrographic Data from Seaglider Missions in the Western Greenland Sea in Summer 2014 and 2015
Authors: Latarius Katrin , Schauer Ursula , Wisotzki Andreas
Published: December 2018

Abstract. During summer 2014 and summer 2015 two autonomous Seagliders were operated over several months close to the ice edge of the East Greenland Current to capture the near-surface fresh water distribution in the western Greenland Sea. The mission 2015 included an excursion onto the East Greenland Shelf into the Norske Trough. Temperature, salinity and drift data were obtained in the upper 500 to 1000 m with high spatial resolution. At AWI the data processing for these glider measurements was conducted. The first part consists of the Seaglider Toolbox from the University of Each Anglia, the second was exclusively composed for the data from the Greenland Sea. The final hydrographic, position and drift data sets can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.893896.
Present-day high-resolution ice velocity map of the Antarctic ice sheet
Authors: Shen Qiang , Wang Hansheng , Shum C. K. , Jiang Liming , Hsu Hou Tse , Dong Jinglong , Mao Song , Gao Fan
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Ice velocity constitutes a key parameter for estimating ice-sheet discharge rates and is crucial for improving coupled models of the Antarctic ice sheet to accurately predict its future fate and contribution to sea-level change. Here, we present a new Antarctic ice velocity map at a 100-m grid spacing inferred from Landsat 8 imagery data collected from December 2013 through March 2016 and robustly processed using the feature tracking method. These maps were assembled from over 73,000 displacement vector scenes inferred from over 32,800 optical images. Our maps cover nearly all the ice shelves, landfast ice, ice streams, and most of the ice sheet. The maps have an estimated uncertainty of less than 10 m yr-1 based on robust internal and external validations. These datasets will allow for a comprehensive continent-wide investigation of ice dynamics and mass balance combined with the existing and future ice velocity measurements and provide researchers access to better information for monitoring local changes in ice glaciers. Other uses of these datasets include control and calibration of ice-sheet modelling, developments in our understanding of Antarctic ice-sheet evolution, and improvements in the fidelity of projects investigating sea-level rise (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.895738).
Rain attenuation prediction model for satellite communications based on the Météo-France ensemble prediction system PEARP
Authors: Dahman Isabelle , Arbogast Philippe , Jeannin Nicolas , Benammar Bouchra
Published: December 2018

Abstract. This paper presents an
example of the usage of ensemble weather forecasting for the control of
satellite-based communication systems. Satellite communication systems become
increasingly sensitive to weather conditions as their operating frequency
increases to avoid electromagnetic spectrum congestion and enhance their
capacity. In the microwave domain, electromagnetic waves that are conveying
information are attenuated between the satellite and Earth terminals in the
presence of hydrometeors (mostly rain drops and more marginally cloud
droplets). To maintain a reasonable level of service availability, even with
adverse weather conditions considering the scarcity of amplification power in
spacecraft, fade mitigation techniques have been developed. The general idea
behind those fade mitigation techniques is to reroute, change the
characteristics or reschedule the transmission in the case of too-significant
propagation impairments. For some systems, a scheduling on how to use those
mechanisms some hours in advance is required, making assumptions on the
future weather conditions affecting the link. To this aim the use of weather
forecast data to control the attenuation compensation mechanisms seems of
particular interest to maximize the performances of the communication links
and hence of the associated economic value. A model to forecast the
attenuation on the link based on forecasted rainfall amounts from
deterministic or ensemble weather forecasting is presented and validated. In
a second phase, the model's application to a simplified telecommunication
system allows us to demonstrate the valuable contribution of weather
forecasting in the system's availability optimization or in the system's
throughput optimization. The benefit of using ensemble forecasts rather than
deterministic ones is demonstrated as well.
Assessment of SMADI and SWDI agricultural drought indices using remotely sensed root zone soil moisture
Authors: Pablos Miriam , González-Zamora Ángel , Sánchez Nilda , Martínez-Fernández José
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The increasing frequency of drought events has expanded
the research interest in drought monitoring. In this regard, remote sensing
is a useful tool to globally mapping the agricultural drought. While this
type of drought is directly linked to the availability of root zone soil
moisture (RZSM) for plants growth, current satellite soil moisture
observations only characterize the water content of the surface soil layer
(0–5 cm). In this study, two soil moisture-based agricultural drought
indices were obtained at a weekly rate from June 2010 to December 2016,
using RZSM estimations at 1 km from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity
(SMOS) satellite, instead of surface soil moisture (SSM). The RZSM was
estimated by applying the Soil Water Index (SWI) model to the SMOS SSM. The
Soil Moisture Agricultural Drought Index (SMADI) and the Soil Water Deficit
Index (SWDI) were assessed over the Castilla y León region (Spain) at 1 km spatial resolution. They were compared with the Atmospheric Water Deficit
(AWD) and the Crop Moisture Index (CMI), both computed at different weather
stations distributed over the study area. The level of agreement was
analyzed through statistical correlation. Results showed that the use of
RZSM does not influence the characterization of drought, both for SMADI and
SWDI.