bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Performance Of Single-Lead Electrocardiograms For Arterial Hypertension Diagnosis: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Marketou Maria , Angelaki Eleni , Barmparis George , Fragkiadakis Konstantinos , Maragkoudakis Spyros , Zacharis Evangelos , Plevritaki Anthoula , Kampanieris Emmanouil , Kalomoirakis Petros , Kassotakis Spyros , Kochiadakis George , Tsironis George
Published: July 2024

Awareness and early identification of hypertension is crucial in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Artificial intelligence-based analysis of 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) can already detect arrhythmias and hypertension. We performed an observational two-center study in order to develop a machine learning algorithm to proactively detect arterial hypertension from single-lead ECGs. This could serve as proof of concept with an eye towards todays wearables that record single-lead ECGs. In a prospective observational study, we enrolled 1254 consecutive subjects (539 male, aged 60.22 ± 12.46 years), with and without essential hypertension, and no indications of CVD. A 12-lead ECG of 10 seconds duration in resting position was performed on each subject using a digital electrocardiograph and lead I was isolated for analysis using a calibrated Random Forest (RF). Our RF model classified hypertensive from normotensive subjects on a hold-out test set, with 75% accuracy, ROC/AUC 0.831 (95%CI: 0.781–0.871), sensitivity 72%, and specificity 82% (sensitivity and specificity calculated using a threshold of 0.675). Increasing age, larger values of body mass index, the area under the T wave divided by the QRS complex area, and the area under QRS segment adjusted for BMI, were the four most important features that drove the classification decisions of our model. This study demonstrates the potential to opportunistically detect an undiagnosed hypertension, using a single-lead ECG. While studies with data from wearables are required to translate our findings to actual smartwatch settings, our results could pave the way to innovative technologies for hypertension awareness.
Generation and characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from patients with autism spectrum disorder and SCN2A variants
Authors: Santos John Lenon de Souza , Paredes Bruno Diaz , Adanho Corynne Stephanie Ahouefa , Nonaka Carolina Kymie Vasques , Silva Kátia Nunes da , Santos Ian Marinho , Rocha Clarissa Araújo Gurgel , Souza Bruno Solano de Freitas
Published: July 2024

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprise a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders that affect communication and social interactions. Over a thousand genes have been associated with ASD, with SCN2A standing out due to its critical role in neuronal function and development. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from individuals with ASD have become invaluable in vitro models for investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the disorder. In this study, we generated and characterized four iPSC clones from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of two ASD patients carrying loss-of-function variants in the SCN2A gene. These iPSC lines underwent comprehensive characterization through multiple assays. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence analyses confirmed the presence of pluripotency markers. An embryoid body formation assay demonstrated their potential to differentiate into the three germ layers. Sequencing analysis confirmed the SCN2A variants, while short tandem repeat (STR) analysis authenticated the cell lines, and karyotype analysis ensured chromosomal integrity. The iPSCs exhibited typical morphological characteristics, including large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, a high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, densely packed cells, and well-defined borders. These cells maintained pluripotency markers, demonstrated the ability to differentiate into the three germ layers, and showed a normal karyotype. Furthermore, we successfully generated cerebral organoids from these cells. Our study establishes a robust platform for further exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms of ASD, particularly those involving SCN2A.
Diversity-aware Population Models: Quantifying Associations between Socio-Spatial Factors and Cognitive Development in the ABCD Cohort
Authors: Osayande Nicole , Marotta Justin , Aggarwal Shambhavi , Kopal Jakub , Holmes Avram , Yip Sarah , Bzdok Danilo
Published: July 2024

Population-level analyses are inherently complex due to a myriad of latent confounding effects that underlie the interdisciplinary topics of research interest. Despite the mounting demand for generative population models, the limited generalizability to underrepresented groups hinders their widespread adoption in downstream applications. Interpretability and reliability are essential for clinicians and policymakers, while accuracy and precision are prioritized from an engineering standpoint. Thus, in domains such as population neuroscience, the challenge lies in determining a suitable approach to model population data effectively. Notably, the traditional strata-agnostic nature of existing methods in this field reveals a pertinent gap in quantitative techniques that directly capture major sources of population stratification. The emergence of population-scale cohorts, like the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) Study, provides unparalleled opportunities to explore and characterize neurobehavioral and sociodemographic relationships comprehensively. We propose diversity-aware population modeling, a framework poised to standardize systematic incorporation of diverse attributes, structured with respect to intrinsic population stratification to obtain holistic insights. Here, we leverage Bayesian multilevel regression and poststratification, to elucidate inter-individual differences in the relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive development. We constructed 14 varying-intercepts and varying-slopes models to investigate 3 cognitive phenotypes and 5 sociodemographic variables (SDV), across 17 US states and 5 race subgroups. SDVs exhibited systemic socio-spatial effects that served as fundamental drivers of variation in cognitive outcomes. Low SES was disproportionately associated with cognitive development among Black and Hispanic children, while high SES was a robust predictor of cognitive development only among White and Asian children, consistent with the minorities’ diminished returns (MDRs) theory. Notably, adversity-susceptible subgroups demonstrated an expressive association with fluid cognition compared to crystallized cognition. Poststratification proved effective in correcting group attribution biases, particularly in Pennsylvania, highlighting sampling discrepancies in US states with the highest percentage of marginalized participants in the ABCD Study©. Our collective analyses underscore the inextricable link between race and geographic location within the US. We emphasize the importance of diversity-aware population models that consider the intersectional composition of society to derive precise and interpretable insights across applicable domains.
A scoping review to identify opportunities and challenges for communities of South Asian (SA) origin in accessing mental health services and support in high- income countries
Authors: Menon Gayathri , Sarma Haribondhu , Bestman Amy , O'Callaghan Cathy , Yadav Uday Narayan
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Communities of South Asian (SA) origin in high-income countries experience the highest prevalence of mental health (MH) disorders amongst culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) community groups. Emerging evidence highlights community experiences of socio-cultural and systemic challenges to MH care access; however, there is no comprehensive qualitative evidence regarding these opportunities and challenges. To address this knowledge gap, this review aimed at exploring the lived experiences of SA CALD communities through opportunities and challenges experienced in accessing MH care across four high-income nations (the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States, and Canada).
Methods
This scoping review followed reporting guidelines for scoping reviews outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A search was conducted to identify studies published in English between 2000- January 2023 in three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search strategy included keywords related to SA CALD communities, MH and access to health care in four high-income countries. Extracted qualitative data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach.
Results
Analysis of the data from 25 eligible studies across all four high-income identified interlinked opportunities and challenges informing their ability to access MH care that supports their needs. Findings have been structured according to the five dimensions of accessibility of services (1) approachability, 2) acceptability, 3) availability and accommodation, 4) affordability, and 5) appropriateness). Our study identified myriad challenges faced by SA CALD communities in four high-income nations, including inflexible accessibility to diverse MH care, difficult family dynamics, stigma and acculturative issues hindering MH care usage and poor MH care experiences informing perceptions of MH care and re-engagement.
Conclusion
The research finds that access to MH care for CALD communities requires a comprehensive and nuanced framework that addresses population-specific factors. Recommendations include increasing cultural safety, facilitating flexible models of care and service delivery in practice alongside policy and funding reflective of systemic MH care access issues, and implementation research to assess the effectiveness of such recommendations.
Integrated Biophysical and Biochemical Analyses for Profiling Lipids and Carotenoids in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
Authors: Gedela Ravi , Dasu Prof. Veeranki Venkata , Pakshirajan Prof. Kannan
Published: July 2024

The oleaginous yeast species Rhodotorula mucilaginosa is distinguished by its genetic, ecological, physiological, and morphological variety. The biotechnological potential of R. mucilaginosa, which was isolated from petroleum oil refinery resources in Guwahati, Assam, India, specifically for the potential producing of lipids, carotenoids, and β-carotene were examined. In this study to describe carotenoid pigments in R. mucilaginosa, determine targets for metabolic products, and comprehend the precise lipid composition profile. R. mucilaginosa alive cells were analysed using a variety of biochemical and biophysical techniques, such as gas chromatography for lipid and thin-layer chromatography for neutral lipid composition profiling, Raman spectroscopy for lipid and carotenoid analysis, Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) for lipid visualization, and fluorescence spectroscopy for lipid detection using the Nile red assay. The results of these tests offer a thorough understanding of R. mucilaginosa's capacity to produce carotenoid and lipids. This precise identification of oleaginous yeast R. mucilaginosa needed for the commercial production of carotenoids, high-value biofuel, and value-added merchandises. Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, FESEM, TLC, and LC-MS provided valuable insights into the lipid and carotenoid production capabilities of R. mucilaginosa. Moreover, any of these analytical techniques can be used to confirm the presence of lipids and carotenoids in yeast species. These comprehensive results help reduce the time required for selecting new oleaginous yeast species.
Drowsiness Detection for Drivers Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
Authors: Ali
Published: July 2024

Drowsy driving is a huge risk to road safety, resulting in serious accidents. Drowsiness detection in drivers can assist prevent accidents by providing timely alarms and actions. In this research, we look at how deep learning Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be used to identify tiredness. We discuss our technique, experimental results, and conclusions about the efficacy of deep learning CNNs in solving this essential road safety issue. In this work, we employed two convolutional neural networks, one is built from scratch and another one that is a pre-trained model (ResNet). Our findings show that the pre-trained outperformed the one built from scratch achieving an accuracy of 95.6%
Unique Binary representation of Bases and Symmetry in The Standard Genetic Code
Authors: Mohanty Bijan Bihari
Published: July 2024

As a sequel to the extraction of unique two-bit binary codes of four nucleotide bases Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Uracil / Thymine(U/T) and Cytosine(C) by the author [1] and fixation of numerical values of all the 64 codons of L- amino acids(Appendix-1a), various numerical symmetries are discovered amongst codons and codon blocks in the Standard Genetic Code(SGC) table for the first time and their implication are studied. Also , 20 canonical amino acids are assigned specific numerical values based on an integrated formula where the only variable is the integer value ranging from 1 to 16 which is the total number of cells in Genetic code table. Consequently, the AA can be converted to 8-bit binaries. Rumer transform is applied on the codons and polar – nonpolar bilateral numerical symmetry spontaneously emerges.
A Comprehensive Review of Intelligent Navigation of Mobile Robots Using Reinforcement Learning with A Comparative Analysis of a modified Q-Learning Method and DQN in Simulated Gym Environment
Authors: Khlif Nessrine
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The field of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) has experienced significant growth in recent years, propelled by advancements in autonomous driving and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The integration of intelligence into robotic systems necessitates addressing various research challenges, with naviga- tion emerging as a pivotal aspect of mobile robotics. This paper explores the three fundamental questions central to the navigation problem: localization (determin- ing the robot’s position), mapping (creating a representation of the environment), and path planning (determining the optimal route to the destination). The pro- posed solution to the mobile robot navigation problem involves the seamless integration of these three foundational navigation components.
Methods: Our comparative analysis between the Q-learning modified method and a deep Q-network (DQN) in simulated gym pathfinding tasks reveals the efficacy of this approach. The modified Q-learning algorithm consistently outperforms DQN, demonstrating its superior ability to navigate complex environments and achieve optimal solutions. The transition from a definite environment to a simulated gym environment serves as a valuable validation of the method’s applicability in real-world scenarios. By rigorously evaluating our algorithm in a controlled setting, we can ensure its robustness and effectiveness across a broader range of applications.
Results: In essence, our study establishes the modified Q-learning algorithm as a promising new approach to addressing the exploration-exploitation dilemma in reinforcement learning. Its superior performance in simulated gym environments suggests its potential for real-world applications in various domains, including robotics, autonomous navigation, and game development.
Conclusion: The paper furnishes a comprehensive overview of research on autonomous mobile robot navigation. It begins with a succinct introduction to the diverse facets of navigation, followed by an examination of the roles of machine learning and reinforcement learning in the realm of mobile robotics. Subsequently, the paper delves into various path planning techniques. In the end, this paper presents a comparative analysis of two path planning methods for mobile robots: Q-learning with an enhanced exploration strategy and Deep Q-Network (DQN). Through a comprehensive simulation study in a gym environment, the superior performance of the proposed Q-learning approach is firmly established.
Gini calculation and rule performance interpretation
Authors: Badki Meenal
Published: July 2024

The Gini coefficient is a widely used measure of income inequality within a population. This paper investigates the application of the Gini coefficient concept to calculate fraud risk based transaction amount losses. The paper is essentially divided into two parts: (1) Interpretation and implementation of Lorenz curve in calculating fraud risk in a real-time scenario for online e-commerce merchants/customers for various industries. Implementing Gini is useful for verifying fraud-based metrics or saving fraud losses after a machine learning model has been implemented and deployed in production. (2) The rules automation system is helpful in optimizing and improving strategies required for deployment on a real-time transaction based platform in the financial services world where the real-time decisioning system for a customer on board plays an important role. The study concludes that Gini coefficient remains a robust tool for evaluating risk based losses, thus helping financial institutions make informed strategy-driven decisions, and further also explores the business rule sets that help to optimize the strategic decisions.
Inventory management through Economic Order Quantity Model:A Bibliometric and Scientometric analysis
Authors: Dey Agniva , Ray Partha , Mallik Ajoy , Seal Somen
Published: July 2024

Inventory management employs the economic order quantity (EOQ) model and the economic production quantity (EPQ) model to determine the optimal order quantities for purchasing and manufacturing. The developed EOQ model was predicated on the constants of demand rate, holding cost, purchasing cost, and ordering cost.The EPQ model is predicated on the same assumptions as the EOQ model, namely constant holding costs and constant demand. This study aims to identify the citation impact of the most productive countries and journals based on the number of publications on inventory models in a fuzzy environment. About 3510 publications were obtained from the Web of Science between 2004 and 2023. In addition, this study uses “co-word cluster network analysis” to determine how this topic has evolved thematically over time. Additionally, this study used a thematic evolution map, a keywords overlapping map, and strategic maps to quantify and visualise the distribution and impact of this topic’s research fronts at successive periods.
Russian-Spanish Relations During the Development of North American Territories in the Second Half of the 18th century
Authors: Neshkes Olga V. ,   Moscow State Linguistic University
Published: July 2024

The article is about the relations between Russia and Spain in the second half of the 18th century. The article identifies the factors that influenced the nature of the emerging interaction between the powers: it shows the ambivalence of Russian-Spanish relations, on the one hand, due to the growing fears of the Spanish authorities provoked by Russia’s advance towards California, and, on the other, to the development of mutually beneficial trade relations. We draw attention to aspects related to Russia’s discovery of the Aleutian archipelago and Alaska and the activity of Russian merchants. The reaction of the Spanish court to messages of Spanish diplomats in Russia about Russian discoveries in America is shown. The analysis of the texts of diplomatic reports (1761−1792) has shown that the Spanish ambassadors were skeptical about the success of Russian expeditions to the American continent but changed their mind in the second half of 1760s. The article also examines the trade and economic aspect in the relations between the powers, showing the intention of Spain and Russia to establish direct trade. At the same time, we note that the nature of such interaction was influenced by the general political situation, which was determined by the leading powers of that time. The article has been written using historical and philological methods and approaches and aims to show the various aspects and stages of Russian-Spanish relations during the period of colonization of the Northwest of America. The results of the study can be used in practical activities of diplomatic services within the framework of international dialogue.
The Orthodox Brotherhood of Bishop Makarii (Opotskii) in the Context of Persecution in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Budanova Alexandra V. ,   St. Philaret Institute
Published: July 2024

The religious life of Orthodox believers under the conditions of persecution in the 20th century, especially from the mid-20s to the first half of the 40s, has not been sufficiently studied. Many communities, including brotherhoods, were forced to go underground due to the repressive policies of civil authorities. This is associated with a number of problems in providing this topic with archival sources. The article examines the life of the Orthodox brotherhood founded in 1924 by Bishop Makarii (Opotskii), which existed in several cities in northwestern Russia until 1942. The source base was not only materials from state and departmental but also private archives, as well as the results of field research. The article is based on the principles of historicism, comprehensiveness and scientific objectivity; methods of the micro-historical direction are used: historical-genetic, comparative; oral history method – interviews. The study showed that the brotherhood was able to survive all the waves of persecution of the 1920s and 1930s. In the 1920s, it showed noticeable resistance to Cherepovets renovationism and carried out legal activities within the framework of what was permitted by the civil authorities. The main activity was education. In 1937 it became illegal. The principles thanks to which the brotherhood managed to maintain its functionality were identified: concern for the presence of leaders, maximum maintenance of communication regardless of location, mutual trust between members of the community. Thanks to this, the brotherhood was able to practice such forms of religious life as common worship, regular participation in the sacraments, reading of the Holy Scriptures, sermons and spiritual conversations. It seems promising to compare the brotherhood of Bishop Makarii (Opotskii) with one or more similar communities operating in the same period or on the same territory
Leisure Culture of Urban Residents in Khakassia in the 1930s.
Authors: Kiskidosova Tatiana A. ,   Khakass Research Institute for Language, Literature, and Histor
Published: July 2024

The main types of leisure activities in the region are considered. Leisure culture was based on upbringing a “new Soviet man” and was aimed at acquainting residents with cultural events. The organization of leisure time, based on the ideas of socialism, has affected all segments of the population without age restrictions. The reconstruction of leisure culture in the era of industrialization is an urgent research for further study of the history of Soviet culture and its consequences in the post-Soviet period. The purpose of the article is to consider the process of introducing the Soviet model of leisure culture among the citizens of Khakassia in the 1930s. The principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency, as well as historical-systemic and retrospective methods were used in the work. The primary objectives of successful industrialization were to increase the educational and professional level of the local population. In non-production activities, great importance was attached to political education and indoctrination of citizens. Local authorities have managed to make some progress in organizing and conducting events aimed at the cultural, intellectual and physical development of urban residents. With regard to the younger generation, emphasis was placed on education based on the collectivist principles. Education and physical development became one of the priority forms of youth leisure. For the first time in the region, local authorities began to organize measures to improve the population’s health. Along with the obvious successes, shortcomings in the urban leisure culture were identified. The main difficulties in organizing and conducting cultural events were insufficient funding and lack of material resources. The poor condition of leisure facilities and the quality of their work prevented the successful improvement of urban residents’ cultural level. Initially, cultural events, organized by local authorities took into account the national specifics of the region, but gradually, facing current requirements, collectivist principles and ideas of upbringing a “new Soviet man” began to dominate in urban residents’ leisure culture. Learning from past experience is necessary for the successful implementation of modern state policy in the field of culture.
The Participation of Women’s Monasteries in Missionary Activities of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Second Half of the XIX – Early XX Centuries
Authors: Starodubtseva Marina S. ,   Kursk State University
Published: July 2024

The study of the role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the life of Russian society is an urgent task for Russian historical science. The solution of this problem requires a comprehensive objective study of the missionary activities of Orthodox monasteries in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The contradiction between the insufficient knowledge of the missionary activity of women’s monasteries and the need to study it in order to obtain a holistic view and an objective assessment of this activity has become a research problem. The purpose of the article is to analyze the participation of women’s monasteries in the missionary activities of the church among groups of the Russian population of different confessions in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the evolution of the establishment of nunneries is investigated; the main directions and forms of their work are characterized; factors that influenced the work of monasteries in the church mission are identified; the results of their missionary activities are analyzed. For the first time, summary statistics on women’s missionary monasteries are presented. The study was conducted on the basis of a systematic approach using the principles of objectivity and historicism, historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods. The author concludes to the conclusion that the activities of women’s monasteries contributed to the expansion of the church mission through the use of various forms of work with the population. Social and charitable activities were of great importance. The advantage of nunneries is the use of forms of work that are attractive to the population. This not only contributed to the solution of missionary tasks but also ensured the cultural and civilizational development of the population, influenced its religious and moral state. The results of the research can be used in the content of the academic disciplines “History of Russia”, “History of traditional religions of Russia”, in studies on the church mission, the history of Russian Orthodox female monasticism. The prospects of the research are to study the missionary activities of “non-native” nunneries, co-religionist nunneries, and women’s missionary communities
Using English as a Language of Instruction in Rural Schools in Thailand: Key Challenges for Teaching and Learning
Authors: Uthaikun Chalermwut ,   Faculty of Education, Chaiyaphum Rajabhat University, W2J8+39V, Na Fai, Mueang Chaiyaphum District, Chaiyaphum 36000, Thailand, Riddle Stewart , Barton Georgina ,   School of Education, University of Southern Queensland, Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, Queensland 4300, Australia,   School of Education, University of Southern Queensland, Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, Queensland 4300, Australia
Published: July 2024

Primary school teachers in Thailand are encouraged to use English as a language of instruction across all curriculum areas in their classrooms, not just in English lessons. However, many non-English major teacherswho teach in rural schools struggle to deliver lessons in English due to the lack of professional knowledge and ongoing support for English language usage. This paper considers the experiences of non-English major teachers working in rural schools in Thailand who participated in a coaching and mentoring program to support their motivation and confidence to use English as a language of instruction. A participatory case study research design was used for this study, which included classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with teacher–participants before, during and after the coaching and mentoring program. Some of the key challenges that arose included the use of Thai as a language of instruction, lack of resources and support for the use of English as a language of instruction, lack of clarity in school policies and the limited availability of professional learning for teachers in rural schools.There is an urgent need for additional professional learning support for teachers, especially those working in rural schools, to ensure success of the Thai government’s policy aim to make English available as a language of instruction in all primary schools.
Higher Education Sustainable Online Education for Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Amir Ahmad Fahimi ,   Language Department, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Selangor, Malaysia, Syed Mohamed Ahmad Thamrini Fadzlin , Juhary Jowati ,   Language Department, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Selangor, Malaysia,   Language Department, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: July 2024

This systematic review article analysed and evaluated the current literature on sustainable educational technology in higher-education institutions (HEI). University stakeholders aspire to have any educational technologies employed be sustainable beyond short-term solutions. Identifying these sustainable factors requires reviews of recent studies, particularly with the insightful experience of the recent pandemic. Unfortunately, systematic reviews on sustainability were few and focused more on specific modalities. Hence, this present study reviewed past studies (published between 2015 and 2021) to identify the types of educational technology or modality being studied on the aspects of sustainability, the topic of interests that contribute to the challenges in online learning, and the themes and subthemes that are critical to the sustainable use of online education. Guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) to review five journal databases (Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science (WoS), Emerald and Google Scholar), 44 articles were analysed systematically. Four themes emerged from the analysis: technology related, teaching and learning, ethical aspects, and instructional support, as well as 12 subthemes. A conceptual framework was proposed, and other recommendations were discussed at the end of the paper for future research.
Teaching EFL/ESL through Educational Drama: Trends and Effectiveness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dawoud Laila ,   Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hasim Zuwati , Mohd Saad Mohd Rashid ,   Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,   Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2024

The main goal of this study is to examine the trends and significant findings regarding educational drama in teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms. This study analysed educational drama techniques literature in English language teaching published in international databases, Web of Science, EBSCO and Science Direct from 2012 to 2022. A bibliometric systematic review was conducted, yielding a total of 44 papers. Then, the authors, journals of publishing and language skills were recognised. An inductive content analysis distinguished two main research themes: linguistic and non-linguistic skills. The findings suggest that educational drama techniques should be adopted and adapted to enhance and integrate the four linguistic skills; speaking, listening, reading and writing. Furthermore, educational drama techniques have been proven to boost non-linguistic skills (social, emotional, motivation and learner autonomy). However, the undeniable benefits of drama in the educational process, both generally and in the fields of EFL and ESL, are still limited to a few countries where authors have experimented with its merits and drawbacks. Nevertheless, it is expected to spread worldwide in the coming years, increasing its reach and impact.
Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik: Semantik Inkuisitif sebagai Kaedah Pembelajaran Peribahasa Melayu Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Md Nasir Mohd Ridzuan ,   Faculty of Education, Language and Communication, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia, Subet Mary Fatimah ,   Faculty of Education, Language and Communication, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia,   Institute of Creative Arts and Technology (iCreate), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Published: July 2024

Semantik inkuisitif merupakan kerangka kajian yang digunakan dalam bidang linguistik untuk menganalisis makna secara mendalam dengan bersandarkan data empirikal, kerangka teoretis dan akal budi. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi menganalisis secara sistematik dan sintesis pendekatan semantik inkuisitif sebagai kaedah pembelajaran peribahasa berasaskan inkuiri di peringkat sekolah menengah. Dalam Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan 4 dan 5, pengajaran dan pembelajaran guru perlu memberi penekanan kepada unsur kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi seperti Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri agar dapat membantu pelajar menguasai kemahiran dalam pembelajaran abad ke-21. Dua pangkalan data, iaitu Scopus dan Google Scholar digunakan untuk mendapatkan artikel berkaitan yang menfokuskan penerbitan dari tahun 2019 sehingga 2023. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan Model PRISMA sebagai prosedur kajian. Sebanyak 471 artikel berjaya dikumpulkan. Walau bagaimanapun, hanya 20 artikel sahaja dikenal pasti yang memenuhi skop kajian ini. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan kerangka kajian semantik inkuisitif berjaya mencungkil makna sebenar peribahasa sehingga ke akar umbi menggunakan kaedah inkuiri selain dapat menonjolkan kemahiran berfikir yang tinggi dan juga kepelbagaian disiplin ilmu. Walau bagaimanapun, jumlah kajian yang menggunakan semantik inkuisitif sebagai kaedah pembelajaran aspek seni bahasa di peringkat sekolah menengah masih dikira sangat sedikit. Justeru, kajian yang memanfaatkan semantik inkuisitif dalam konteks bidang pendidikan boleh diperbanyak dan dipelbagaikan lagi pada masa akan datang.
Rediscovering Bruegel: Art and History in Michael Frayn’s Headlong
Authors: Uçar Asya Sakine
Published: July 2024

British playwright and novelist Michael Frayn’s 1999 novel Headlong centers on an art historian’s discovery of the lost sixth painting from the collection Months or Seasons that Flemish painter, Pieter Bruegel is believed to have painted in 1565. Throughout the novel, driven by a quest to authenticate and possess the painting, the protagonist Martin Clay is engrossed in a thoughtful and thorough examination of Bruegel’s art renowned for busy tableaus of peasants, harvesters, hunters engaged in daily and rural activities. From religious conflicts, biblical conventions to allegorical landscapes, labors of the months within the framework of changing seasons, Bruegel’s artistic milieu has been interpreted and elicited in diverse and opposite ways. For that reason, Clay’s speculations about the political, intellectual and symbolic history behind the painting are not only the substance of the book, but the lengthy and diligent research he takes on also provides historical backdrop of the Netherlands in early sixteenth century, a time of atrocity and oppression as a result of Spanish rule. In view of that, this study aims to examine and understand how Martin’s journey turns into a headlong venture carrying thematic elements found in Bruegel’s works delving into the complexities of human behavior. Frayn not only brings the missing masterpiece to life with relevant descriptions projecting Bruegel’s idiosyncratic style and legacy, he also explicates its iconography-iconology in a political, and art historical context showing affinity with the narrative and artistic traditions of Dutch genre paintings.
Atik Şikâyet Defterleri’ne Göre Antep (Ayntab) Vakıflarında Yaşanan Sorunlar
Authors: Torkak Berna
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma 1649-1837 yılları arasında Atik Şikâyet Defterleri üzerinden Antep vakıflarında yaşanan sorunlara odaklanmaktadır. Türk-İslam devletlerinin içtimaî ve iktisadî hayatında önemli bir yere sahip olan vakıflar, Osmanlı Devleti döneminde büyük bir gelişim gösteren müesseselerden biridir. Ancak bu müessese hem devletin içerisinde bulunmuş olduğu duruma bağlı olarak hem de vakıf sayısındaki artış ve diğer etkenlerden ötürü bozulup, yozlaşmaya başlamıştır. Bu da vakıf müessesesinde çeşitli sorunların ve sıkıntıların yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Söz konusu bu sorunların izlerini Atik Şikâyet Defterleri’nde takip etmek mümkündür. Bu defterler üzerinden Antep vakıflarındaki sorunların izlerini takip ettiğimizde temel problemin yönetim, denetim, gelir, hizmet ve hizmetlilerden kaynaklı olduğunu tespit etmekteyiz. Antep halkının Divan’a ilettikleri şikâyetlerde şahsi çıkarlarına yenik düşenler tevliyete, gelirlere ve hizmetlilere karşı haksız müdahalede bulunarak bir kazanç elde etmeye çalışmışlardır. Bu kazançlarını ise ehl-i örfe istinat ederek, kadıyı tarafgir yaparak ya da askerî ve maliye tarafından berat aldıklarını iddia ederek gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Fakat tüm bu haksız iddiaları, Divan’a iletilen şikâyetler sonucunda bertaraf olmuştur. Çünkü Divan defterlere müracaat ederek, mahalline havale ederek ve mübaşir tayin ederek iddiaların asılsız olduğunu ortaya çıkarmaya çalışmıştır. İşte bu çalışma Antep vakıflarıyla ilgili en yüksek yargı mekanizmasına iletilen şikâyetlerdeki sorunlara odaklanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın sıklet kaynağını Cumhurbaşkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi’nde bulunan Atik Şikâyet Defterleri oluşturmaktadır. Yine çalışmada Mühimme, Ahkâm, Vakıf Defterleri, Şer’iyye Sicilleri ile muhtelif belgelerden ve tetkik eserlerden istifade edilmiştir.
Representations of Rap Music in Cinema: Forms of Resistance and Reconciliation in Casablanca Beats
Authors: Yılmaz Erdinç
Published: July 2024

Cinema is an art connected to social reality, interacting with groups that are actors of societal transformation. Groups that cannot make their voices heard within dominant cultures can develop a resistance against the dominant culture or find a path of reconciliation with it through subcultures, thereby creating an alternative space for themselves. Therefore, although subcultures are often perceived as a form of resistance, they can sometimes be functional in the path towards reconciliation with society. As an alternative form of expression, subcultures can find an opportunity of representation in recent films produced in many different countries. This study examines how rap subculture is represented in cinema. With this aim in mind, the film Casablanca Beats (Ayouch, 2021), which is one of the noteworthy examples of Moroccan cinema in recent years, has been selected as an example. Casablanca Beats (Ayouch, 2021) addresses the emergence of a dynamic rap subculture among young characters, and how through this path, they create a lifeline for themselves by forming a resistance against normative values. In this study, the reflection of rap music subcultural practices in Casablanca Beats (Ayouch, 2021) is examined using the Descriptive Analysis method guided by Raymond Williams' framework of the “dominant”, “residual”, and “emerging” cultures. The results of the study reveal that in the film, young characters find a space of autonomous expression through subcultural practices, form group identities, challenge societal determinants, but on the other hand, they are also observed to engage in efforts to reconcile with the dominant culture by transforming it.
Glycine-modified Pencil Graphite Electrode as a Sensor for Caffeine Determination: A Voltammetric Study
Authors: Korkmaz Şeyma , Bosnali Wael , Sharifi Hafizullah , Mülazımoğlu İbrahim Ender , Mülazımoğlu Ayşen Demir
Published: July 2024

Background:

Caffeine (CAF) is a widely used chemical in foods and pharmaceuticals that
is consumed by a lot of people every day. Overconsumption of caffeine can lead to some undesirable
symptoms. However, CAF is considered a crucial nervous system stimulant.

Aims:

This study aimed to find an accurate and effective route for determining caffeine using voltammetric
techniques.

Objective:

In this work, for the first time, a glycine (Gly) modified pencil graphite electrode
(Gly/PGE) was used for the determination of caffeine (CAF) by Square Wave Adsorptive Stripping
Voltammetry (SWAdSV) technique.

Methods:

The modification procedure of PGE by Gly was accomplished by performing the cyclic
voltammetry (CV) technique for 10 cycles at a potential range of 0.8 to 1.8 V. Moreover, the characterization
of Gly/PGE was done by applying the CV technique in aqueous and non-aqueous media
and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in addition to the SEM technique. The movement
type of CAF toward Gly/PGE was proven to be a diffusion-controlled process by conducting some
measurements at different scan rates. The supporting electrolyte for the determination of CAF was
studied, where 100 mM of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) provided the best result. Optimization of accumulation
time, pulse size, and wave frequency were implemented and found to be 60 s accumulation time,
50 mV pulse size, and 25 Hz wave frequency. The stability of Gly/PGE was studied in different mediums,
such as air, ultrapure water, and acetonitrile (CH3CN).

Results:

The determination of CAF under optimum conditions was within the linear concentration
range of 0.1–75 μM, with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9990. The limit of detection (LOD) and
limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.070 and 0.231 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:

An effective voltammetric methodology was suggested to determine CAF. This methodology
has great promise to be applied in different matrices to determine CAF.
Budget politics in Indonesia
Authors: Hafel Muhlis , Ibrahim Abdul Halil Hi
Published: July 2024

Budget politics in Indonesia is a very complex process, ranging from central to local government. The budget planning process involves planning, approving, executing, and evaluating, all of which require close coordination and cooperation between institutions. The main challenges in Indonesia's budget politics are the misallocation of funds, inequality between regions, growing debt, inflation, and unstable prices. The economic implications of inefficient budget politics are far-reaching. Imbalances between revenues and expenditures can increase the debt burden and interest costs, reducing the space for productive public spending. Inequalities in budget allocations can slow economic growth and increase social inequality. In addition, uneven financial decentralization exacerbates inequality between regions. Inflation rates fuelled by increased public spending without an increase in goods and services can reduce people's purchasing power. Budget policy uncertainty also brings uncertainty for investors, which can reduce private investment and hamper economic growth. Overall, reforms in the budget distribution process, improved financial management capacity, and a commitment to inclusive and data-driven policies are urgently needed. These measures are essential to meet the challenges and ensure sustainable and equitable development for all Indonesians.
Association Between Physical Activity And Depressive Symptoms In Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional And Replication Study From ELSI-Brazil
Authors: Malasevskaia Iana ,   Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sana’a Republic of Yemen, Jahanbakhsh Termeh , Adelabu Yusuf , Rojas Carlos Montalván , Portilla Ana Lucia , Hansen Julia , de Almeida Augusto Cesar Villar , Valencia Valentina Ferrer , Tavarez Mildred , Dommar Igmilka Dayana Milles ,   Student at Masters Program for Clinical Research Dresden International University Dresden Germany,   Department of Medicine Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria,   Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile,   School of Medicine Universidad Francisco Marroquín Guatemala City Guatemala,   University Hospital LMU Munich-Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Munich, Germany,   University of São Paulo Faculty of Medicine São Paulo Brazil,   Radiology Department Boston Children’s Hospital Boston United States,   American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Immigrant Child and Family Health Co-Chair of Member Engagement New York USA,   Oncology Hematology and Immunology Department Helios St. Johannes Klinik Duisburg Germany
Published: July 2024

Background: Depression is a prevalent and debilitating mental health condition that disproportionately affects older adults. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have a protective effect against depression in various populations, including older adults. However, the strength and mechanisms of this association remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to replicate and extend the findings of Rothon et al. (2010) by investigating the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in a larger sample of older adults from the Brazilian longitudinal study of aging (ELSI). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the second wave (2019-2021) of the ELSI-Brazil, a population-based study of individuals aged 50+. Self-reported physical activity levels and depressive symptoms (assessed through questionnaires (CES-D scores) and physician diagnoses) were evaluated in 6,974 participants. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression adjusted for confounders, assessment of model fit, and sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our findings. Results: Weekly physical activity was linked to lower diagnosed depression risk (OR=0.61) and appeared robust to confounding. Interestingly, it was not linked to daily depressive symptoms (CES-D scores). Sleep problems, pain, and race (diagnosed depression) were risk factors—social life and having a partner protected against depressive symptoms (CES-D scores). Conclusions: Our findings support prior research suggesting a link between PA and lower depression risk in older adults. The cross-sectional design limits causal inferences and the possibility of residual confounding. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore causality and mechanisms.