bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Escherichia coli Heat-Stable Enterotoxin b (STb) on Gut Health and Function
Authors: Butt Shahnawaz , Saleh Mazen , Gagnon Jeffrey
Published: December 2020

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) produces the heat-stable enterotoxin b (STb), which is responsible for secretory diarrhea in humans and animals. This toxin is secreted within the intestinal lumen of animals and humans following ETEC colonization, becoming active on enterocytes and altering fluid homeostasis. Several studies have outlined the nature of this toxin and its effects on gut health and the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. This review summarizes the mechanisms of how STb alters the gastrointestinal tract. These include the manipulation of mucosal tight junction protein integrity, the formation of enterocyte cellular pores and toxin internalization and the stimulation of programmed cell death. We conclude with insights into the potential link between STb intoxication and altered gut hormone regulation, and downstream physiology.
The Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients with Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis Receiving Systemic Treatments
Authors: Gisondi Paolo , Bellinato Francesco , Chiricozzi Andrea , Girolomoni Giampiero
Published: December 2020

Chronic plaque psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease affecting 2–3% of the general population. Approximately one-third of patients are candidates for systemic immunosuppressive treatments, such as synthetic or biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, because of disease extensions, localization in sensitive or visible areas and/or resistance to topical treatments. These therapies have been associated with increased risk of infection, including upper respiratory tract viral infection. Psoriasis is frequently associated with cardio-metabolic comorbidities, such as obesity and diabetes, that are risk factors for poor prognosis in the case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia. A narrative review of the literature based on an electronic search of the PubMed® database was undertaken with the objective of investigating whether there is an increased risk of COVID-19 infection in psoriasis patients on systemic treatment. Original articles, such as case reports, published up to 1 November 2020 were included. There is no evidence that patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis receiving systemic treatments, including biologics, have higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or increased hospitalization and death related to COVID-19 compared to the general population. Several case reports described full recovery from COVID-19 with favorable outcomes in psoriasis patients who were being treated with synthetics or biologicals. Nonetheless, caution should be maintained in this setting, and more data are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
MPC-Based Motion-Cueing Algorithm for a 6-DOF Driving Simulator with Actuator Constraints
Authors: Khusro Yash Raj , Zheng Yanggu , Grottoli Marco , Shyrokau Barys
Published: December 2020

Driving simulators are widely used for understanding human–machine interaction, driver behavior and in driver training. The effectiveness of simulators in this process depends largely on their ability to generate realistic motion cues. Though the conventional filter-based motion-cueing strategies have provided reasonable results, these methods suffer from poor workspace management. To address this issue, linear MPC-based strategies have been applied in the past. However, since the kinematics of the motion platform itself is nonlinear and the required motion varies with the driving conditions, this approach tends to produce sub-optimal results. This paper presents a nonlinear MPC-based algorithm which incorporates the nonlinear kinematics of the Stewart platform within the MPC algorithm in order to increase the cueing fidelity and use maximum workspace. Furthermore, adaptive weights-based tuning is used to smooth the movement of the platform towards its physical limits. Full-track simulations were carried out and performance indicators were defined to objectively compare the response of the proposed algorithm with classical washout filter and linear MPC-based algorithms. The results indicate a better reference tracking with lower root mean square error and higher shape correlation for the proposed algorithm. Lastly, the effect of the adaptive weights-based tuning was also observed in the form of smoother actuator movements and better workspace use.
Intestinal Strongyle Genera in Different Typology of Donkey Farms in Tuscany, Central Italy
Authors: Maestrini Michela , Molento Marcelo Beltrão , Mancini Simone , Martini Mina , Angeletti Francesco Giovanni Salvo , Perrucci Stefania
Published: December 2020

Intestinal strongyles are common helminths of donkeys, in which they may be responsible for disease and poor performance. This study aimed to identify intestinal strongyle genera in 55 naturally infected donkeys from three different farm typologies in Tuscany, central Italy, using morphological and metrical analysis of third stage larvae (L3) obtained from faecal cultures. Larvae were identified using two previous reported morphological identification keys. Moreover, eggs per gram (EPG) data were also evaluated to assess differences, if any, according to the farm typology, sex, and age of the examined donkeys. The results showed that small strongyles were prevalent in all donkey farms. In all examined farms, most (92–100%) of L3 were identified as cyathostomin species of the genera Cylicocyclus spp. and Cylicostephanus spp. Large strongyles of the genera Strongylus spp. and Triodontophorus spp., were identified at low percentage (8%), only in the single organic farm included in the study. A high agreement was observed between the two different morphometric keys used. No significant differences were found for EPG according to farm typology, and sex and age from the examined donkeys. This is the first report about genera identification of intestinal strongyles infecting donkeys in Tuscany, Italy.
Computed Tomography-Derived Occipital–Coccygeal Length and Ilium Wing Distance Correlates with Skin to Epidural and Intrathecal Depths in Dogs
Authors: Sun Tsim , Makara Mariano , Martinez-Taboada Fernando
Published: December 2020

The current clinical techniques for neuraxial needle placement in dogs are predominantly blind without prior knowledge of the depth required to reach the desired space. This study investigated the correlation and defined the relationship between easily obtainable external landmark variables in the dog; occipital–coccygeal length (OCL) and ilium wings distance (IWD), with the skin to epidural and intrathecal space distances using computed tomography (CT). The CT images of 86 dogs of different breeds were examined in this retrospective observational study. Images of dogs in sternal recumbency were optimized to the sagittal view. The distances between the skin and lumbosacral epidural space (LSE) and skin to sacrococcygeal space (SCE) were measured to the ligamentum flavum surrogate (LFS) line. The distance between the skin and the intrathecal space (ITS) was measured from the skin to the vertebral canal at the interlumbar (L5–L6) space. Measurements of the IWD and OCL were performed on dorsal and scout views, respectively. Linear regression equations and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between variables. Data were reported as mean (standard deviation). Significance was set as alpha < 0.05. After exclusion of four dogs, 82 CT scans were included. The depths were LSE 45 (15) mm, SCE 23 (10) mm, and ITS 50 (15) mm. There was a moderate correlation between OCL with LSE (=14.2 + OCL * 0.05 (r = 0.59, p < 0.0001)), and a strong correlation with ITS (=11.4 + OCL * 0.07 (r = 0.76, p < 0.0001)), while a very weak correlation was found with SCE (=14.0 + OCL * 0.02 (r = 0.27, p < 0.0584)). Similarly, with IWD, there was a moderate correlation with LSE (=10.8 + IWD * 0.56 (r = 0.61, p < 0.0001)), and strong correlation with ITS (=9.2 + IWD * 0.67 (r = 0.75, p < 0.0001)), while a weak correlation was found with SCE (=11.2 + IWD * 0.2 (r = 0.32, p < 0.0033)). Mathematical formulae derived from the multiple regression showed that the body condition score (BCS) improved the relationship between IWD and OCL and the LSE, SCE and ITS, while the addition of body weight was associated with multicollinearity. Further studies are required to determine the accuracy of the algorithms to demonstrate their ability for prediction in a clinical setting.
Effect of Different Doses of Atipamezole on Reversal of Medetomidine-Induced Tear-Flow Decrease in Rats
Authors: Kanda Teppei , Gotoh Manami , Makino Ayumi , Furumoto Kayo , Shimizu Yuki , Itoi Takamasa , Maeta Noritaka , Furukawa Toshinori
Published: December 2020

It has been reported that α2-adrenoceptor agonists such as medetomidine decrease tear flow in many species, including rats. Few studies have investigated the involvement of α2-adrenoceptor in decreased tear flow; the issue has not been illustrated sufficiently. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of atipamezole on the reversal of medetomidine-induced tear-flow decrease to reveal the specific involvement of α2-adrenoceptor. Treatment with 400, 800, or 1600 µg/kg atipamezole (or saline as the control) was intramuscularly administered to rats 15 min following intramuscular administration of 200 µg/kg medetomidine. After medetomidine administration, tear flow was measured using a phenol red thread test (PRTT). PRTT values decreased significantly after 200 µg/kg medetomidine administration. The PRTT values after 800 (optimal dose to reverse) and 1600 µg/kg atipamezole administration reached baseline, but never exceeded it significantly. Treatment with 400 µg/kg atipamezole also reversed the decrease in PRTT value but the PRTT remained lower than baseline. The optimal dose and the higher dose of atipamezole fully reversed the medetomidine-induced decrease in tear flow to the baseline level in rats, while the lower dose of atipamezole partially recovered tear flow.
Hydrological and Chemical Controls on Nutrient and Contaminant Loss to Water in Agricultural Landscapes
Authors: Bieroza Magdalena , Dupas Rémi , Glendell Miriam , McGrath Gavan , Mellander Per-Erik
Published: December 2020

Nutrient and contaminant losses in agricultural landscapes are directly controlled by hydrological (flow pathways), chemical (sorption, speciation and transformations), biological processes (fixation, uptake) and indirectly by demographic (growing population), economic (food production) and societal drivers (individual attitudes, farming tradition) that control how agricultural landscapes are managed [...]
Warming of Near-Surface Summer Water Temperatures in Lakes of the Conterminous United States
Authors: Bachmann Roger W. , Canfield Daniel E. , Sharma Sapna , Lecours Vincent
Published: December 2020

Because warming water temperatures have widespread consequences for freshwater communities, we were interested in estimating the patterns and rates of change of near-surface summer water temperatures in United States lakes. We developed multiple regression models to relate daily surface water temperatures in lakes of the conterminous United States to 8-day average air temperatures, latitude, elevation, and sampling month and year using data from 5723 lake samples in the months of June-September during the period 1981–2018. Our model explained 79% of the variation with a root-mean-square error of 1.69 °C. We predicted monthly average near-surface water temperatures for 1033 lakes for each year from 1981 through 2018. Lakes across the conterminous United States have been warming for the period 1981–2018 at an average heating rate of 0.32 °C per decade for the summer months (June–September). The average summer warming from 1981–2018 would be the equivalent of a lake decreasing 259 m in elevation or moving 233 km south. On the basis of national air temperatures starting in 1895, it was inferred that lake water temperatures are variable from year to year and have been steadily increasing since 1964, but that maximum temperatures in the 1930s were just as warm as those in 2008–2018.
Remediating Contaminated Groundwater with an Aerated, Direct-Push, Oxidant Delivery System
Authors: Reece James , Christenson Mark , Kambhu Ann , Li Yusong , Harris Clifford E. , Comfort Steve
Published: December 2020

One of the biggest challenges to treating contaminated aquifers with chemical oxidants is achieving uniform coverage of the target zone. In an effort to maximize coverage, we report the design and installation of a novel aerated, slow-release oxidant delivery system that can be installed by direct-push equipment. By continuously bubbling air beneath a slow-release oxidant in situ, an airlift pump is created that causes water and oxidant to be dispersed from the top of the outer screen and drawn in at the bottom. This continuous circulation pattern around each drive point greatly facilitates the spreading of the oxidant as it slowly dissolves from the wax matrix (i.e., oxidant candle). Given that the aeration rate controls the outward flow of oxidant from the outer screen in all directions, the radius of influence around each drive point is largely a function of the outward velocity of the oxidant exiting the screen and the advection rate opposing the upgradient and lateral spreading. Temporal sampling from three field sites treated with the aerated oxidant system are presented and results show that contaminant concentrations typically decreased 50–99% within 6–9 months after installation. Supporting flow tank experiments that demonstrate oxidant flow patterns and treatment efficacy are also presented.
Wave Run-Up on Mortar-Grouted Riprap Revetments
Authors: Kreyenschulte Moritz , Schürenkamp David , Bratz Benedikt , Schüttrumpf Holger , Goseberg Nils
Published: December 2020

The wave run-up height is a crucial design parameter that determines the crest height of a sea dike and is used for estimating the number of overtopping waves. Therefore, a reduction of the wave run-up height is generally aspired in the design of dikes, which can be achieved by mortar-grouted riprap revetments (MGRR). Although MGRRs are widely utilized revetments along the German North Sea coast, no investigations into the wave run-up height on this revetment type are available to date. Full-scale hydraulic model tests were hence conducted to investigate wave run-up heights on partially grouted and fully grouted MGRRs. The wave run-up was determined using 2D-LIDAR measurements, which were validated by video data. Partially grouted MGRRs, due to their roughness, porosity, and permeability, reduce wave run-up heights from 21% to 28%, and fully grouted MGRRs due to their roughness reduce wave run-up heights from 12% to 14% compared to smooth impermeable revetments. Influence factors have been determined for four widely used revetment configurations, which can now be used for design purposes. A comparison and subsequent discussion about the representation of the physics of wave run-up by different parameters is carried out with the results presented.
Decisões socioeconômicas
Authors: Lemos Walmrath Lucas
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal discutir a literatura teórica e empírica acerca das decisões econômicas de agentes econômicos partindo do arcabouço teórico-analítico da Nova Sociologia Econômica (NSE). Como objetivo específico, visa discutir o processo de tomada de decisão locacional de investimentos econômicos condicionados socialmente por agentes tipicamente entendidos como “não-econômicos”. O objeto específico escolhido para ilustrar empiricamente esta discussão é a decisão de investimento locacional de firmas pertencentes a indústria automobilística. O método empregado consiste na revisão da literatura acerca da tomada de decisão econômica, em específico a decisão locacional dos investimentos, considerando as contribuições advindas da Sociologia Econômica, da Geografia Econômica e da Economia. Os resultados preliminares apontam 1) um aparente gap téorico-analítico na literatura advinda da Economia; subsequentemente, aponta a necessidade de aportes mais realistas que os empregados até então, com contribuições possíveis nos estudos da Sociologia e da Geografia econômica; 2) apesar do potencial explicativo, detecta certa carência de estudos da Sociologia Econômica.
Dilma vs Temer: O que foi prometido e o que realmente mudou para o Mercosul?
Authors: Dos Santos Costa Ana Carolina , Tavares Barbosa Victor
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho se propõe a investigar como as mudanças na política interna no Brasil a partir de 2011 até o fim do governo Temer, em 2018, interferiram na dinâmica do Mercosul. Para responder à pergunta deste trabalho pretendemos aliar os métodos de análise qualitativa com análise quantitativa de dados. Por um lado, utilizaremos a análise de conteúdo para entender os objetivos de cada presidente. Para Dilma I e II analisaremos as suas propostas de governo para a política externa brasileira (PEB). Para Temer, buscaremos os seus posicionamentos públicos sobre a PEB durante o processo de impeachment. Então, após identificar esses padrões, iremos nos debruçar sobre a quantidade dos acordos bi e multilaterais assinados por cada governo em relação ao Mercosul para então entender se as mudanças na política externa foram pragmáticas ou programáticas.
Masculinidades ameaçadas
Authors: Milner Marcos
Published: December 2020

A tecnologia redesenhou as fronteiras entre o íntimo e o público, transformando cada aspecto da vida de um indivíduo em algo passível de compartilhamento em âmbito virtual. Na esteira da nova “intimidade pública”, o ato de compartilhar vídeos e fotografias com detalhes da vida sexual de uma mulher em páginas pornográficas — geralmente usando a suposição de adultério como pretexto — aparece de forma recorrente e ganha o nome de revenge porn. Tomando tal cenário como ponto de partida, através de uma bibliografia um pouco mais generalista do que aquela normalmente utilizada para entender questões de gênero, este artigo procura entender quais são e como são processadas as consequências que este tipo de exposição acarreta para as mulheres — gênero cuja sexualidade ainda é tratada como tabu — e identificar, em oposição, como as redes reverberam elementos tradicionalmente positivamente presentes na noção de masculinidade, como honra, virilidade e potência, por intermédio das mesmas imagens.
As ordens de indexicalidade mobilizadas em discussões sobre aborto na internet
Authors: Opsfelder de Almeida Pamella
Published: December 2020

Na era digital novas noções de feminilidade e maternidade são colocadas em discurso a todo momento. No site BabyCenter Brasil, plataforma virtual direcionada a mulheres interessadas na maternidade, existe a possibilidade de discussão de tópicos sensíveis como o aborto. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa investiga como as narrativas produzidos pelas comentaristas do site significam o aborto provocado e as mulheres que o praticam, bem como que Discursos translocais são evocados nessas produções discursivas locais. Para isso, convencionou-se utilizar o conceito de indexicalidade, conforme concebido por Silverstein (2003) e as pistas indexicais propostas por Wortham (2001). Este artigo apresenta os resultados referentes à análise das pistas indexicais de referência e predicação, modalidades epistêmicas e indexicais avaliativos encontradas em cinco tópicos de discussão. Verificou-se, no corpus, o contraste entre Discursos religiosos, jurídicos e moralizantes proibitivos do aborto e Discursos que humanizam a mulher que aborta, demonstrando que as novas tecnologias de comunicação pode tanto reforçar quanto desestabilizar os construtos modernos de controle do corpo feminino.
O O que pode uma Antropologia da Cidade?
Authors: Pinho Fernando
Published: December 2020

O texto faz uma resenha do livro "Práticas, conflitos, espaços: pesquisas em antropologia da cidade", organizado por Heitor Frúgoli Jr. et al., publicado em 2019.
Sustainable Groundwater Stories – From Disasters to Epical Narration
Authors: Wardle Deborah
Published: December 2020

Fiction writers rarely imagine water’s subterranean realms. Novelists tend not to encroach beneath the predominant attention to surface water to find the potency of groundwater narratives. This paper examines the deep, time connections of water and story. Blending post-human imaginaries with the politics of Australian water cultures and drawing from Val Plumwood’s “shadow places”, the paper applies the notion of “shadow waters”1 to creative writing methodologies. Telling disaster stories is not enough. Narrating the vulnerabilities and potencies of groundwater’s tidal movements means linking ancient pasts with perilous futures through the precarious present. Acknowledging the long tradition of Indigenous oral story lines, Alexis Wright’s “epical storytelling” in Carpentaria is exemplary.2 What can be learnt of sustainable groundwater ecologies and incursions into groundwater management from stories that give voice and representation to aquifers themselves?
Place-based film for growing community engagement in local marine conservation
Authors: Bennett Adele , Cooper Jennifer , Rock Jenny
Published: December 2020

Awareness, knowledge and community identity can grow from local narratives about conservation and enhance our capacity for environmental stewardship. New media narrative approaches are also seeking to improve the terms of community engagement across a spectrum of stakeholders. For instance, film is increasingly being used by scientists and policymakers to situate science stories within a community in order to increase local ownership and enhance engagement, be it through active participation in conservation or to support/social license. Here, the use of placebased documentary film as a tool to affect these outcomes is explored in a community adjacent to a controversial marine reserve, and we focus in particular on the effect of film on local youth.
Amazing Water — A Physicist’s View
Authors: Wyvill Geoff
Published: December 2020

Report from the Art+Water, art and science project 2019.Water is everywhere, familiar and necessary to life. My special interest in water began in 1985, when I started to write computer programs to simulate the appearance of water in ponds and streams to create animation. In 1999, with a group of students, I completed a five-year project to make a short movie1 which featured a waterfall, splashes, and the textures formed by sunlight in a shallow pool. The more I studied the behaviour of water, the more I came to realise that this most ordinary of materials, has the most extraordinary properties among liquids. To understand this idea properly, we must delve into a little atomic physics. This essay is based on a talk given to the Art+Water Project introductory meeting for scientists and artists, early in 2019.
Gli elementi fondamentali dei dogmi cattolici
Authors: Vulić Boris , Ćurić Tomislav
Published: December 2020

L’articolo
individua i quattro elementi fondamentali dei dogmi cattolici: dialogico,
ecclesiale, storico-escatologico e dossologico-soteriologico. Un dogma è sempre
il frutto del dialogo tra la Chiesa e Dio che si è rivelato. Tutti coloro che
credono in Gesù Cristo devono stare in unità, cioè nella comunione della fede.
Tale unità si riflette anche nell’unità che si crea per mezzo delle
affermazioni di fede pronunciate da parte della Chiesa. La storia diventa
‘luogo’ privilegiato per l’approfondimento dei contenuti della rivelazione da
parte del popolo di Dio. La rivelazione definitiva del mistero divino che gli
apostoli hanno ricevuto da Gesù Cristo non può essere subito abbracciata ed
espressa pienamente a causa della ricchezza del suo contenuto. Essa viene
chiarita e spiegata nella misura in cui riesce a divenire oggetto di
riflessione. Un dogma, infatti, è come il segno visibile della realtà
invisibile, un ‘sacramento verbale’. Mentre un dogma proclama la rivelazione
già realizzata, allo stesso tempo è aperto e orientato alla pienezza
escatologica, in attesa della piena manifestazione di Cristo. Di solito si
parla di motivi storico-giuridici alla base della nascita dei dogmi. Le
circostanze storiche, però, nonostante la loro indubbia importanza, non sono
gli unici elementi che contribuirono a determinare il senso e lo sviluppo dei
dogmi. Un elemento eminente di tale processo è costituito dalla liturgia. Ogni
dogma, malgrado il suo eventuale carattere antieretico, abbia sempre il suo
senso dossologico come suo senso fondamentale e costitutivo.
Blagoslov kao susret samoostvarenja osobnosti
Authors: Petrov Emanuel
Published: December 2020

Polazeći od iskonske stvarnosti saveza između Boga i
čovjeka, autor traži odgovore na pitanja čovjekove egzistencije i njegova
identiteta. Kao interakcija dara i uzdarja međusobni odnosi prožimaju čovjekovu
osobnost, te diktiraju zajedništvo s drugim osobama. Riječ je o iskustvu traženja
samoga sebe u međusobnome perihoretskom prožimanju osoba, a da drugoga ili
samoga sebe ne orobi. Stoga su sloboda i ljubav dvije temeljne odrednice
čovjekove egzistencije. Konačno, promatrajući temeljnu strukturu blagoslova, a zahvaljujući
»euloškom pokušaju« Lothara Liesa, dolazimo do egzistencijalne istine o čovjeku
kao biću susreta, koje kroz odnos s drugim osobama stupa u odnos s Bogom, koji
je sama ljubav i tako konačno spoznaje i ostvaruje sebe samoga kao ljubljeno
stvorenje kojemu je darovan život vječni i nepropadljiva egzistencija.
Krapp’s last tape: sujeto, agotamiento y lenguaje
Authors: Contreras Escobar Juan Sebastián
Published: December 2020

En el presente artículo analizaremos el problema del sujeto en la dramaturgia de Samuel Beckett, específicamente en la pieza Krapp’s Last Tape (1958), cuestión que será abordada desde la noción de personaje dramático y fábula. Enfocándonos en la relación ontológica que sostiene el personaje con su discurso dramático, observaremos cómo el lenguaje se constituye como su única posibilidad de existir, cuestión problemática en tanto la subjetividad de Krapp es desbordada por las diferentes voces que emergen de sus cintas. En su agotamiento, el personaje se encuentra situado en una ‘encrucijada de palabras’, donde su monólogo se repliega constantemente sobre sí mismo, construyendo una situación estático-dinámica. Escenario que invierte el movimiento temporal en la obra, pues este se configura desde la constante retrospección al pasado y los recuerdos del personaje, en un ritmo errático que tiende a la circularidad e instala un presente perpetuo, la espera de un final que no termina de acabarse.
Contrasting Thermoelectric Transport Behaviors of
p
-Type PbS Caused by Doping Alkali Metals (Li and Na)
Authors: Hou Zhenghao , Wang Dongyang , Wang Jinfeng , Wang Guangtao , Huang Zhiwei , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: December 2020

PbS is a latent substitute of PbTe thermoelectric materials, which is on account of its superiority in low cost and earth abundance. Here, the thermoelectric transport properties of
p
-type PbS by doping alkali metals (Na and Li) are investigated and it is verified that Li is a more effective dopant than Na. By introducing Li, the electrical and thermal transport properties were optimized collectively. The electrical transport properties were boosted remarkably via adjusting carrier concentration, and the maximum power factor (PF
max
) of ~11.5 
μ
W/cmK
2
and average power factor (PF
ave
) ~9.9 
μ
W/cmK
2
between 423 and 730 K in Pb
0.99
Li
0.01
S were achieved, which are much higher than those (~9.5 and ~7.7 
μ
W/cmK
2
) of Pb
0.99
Na
0.01
S. Doping Li and Na can weaken the lattice thermal conductivity effectively. Combining the enlarged PF with suppressed total thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT ~0.5 at 730 K and a large average ZT ~0.4 at 423-730 K were obtained in
p
-type Pb
0.99
Li
0.01
S, which are higher than ~0.4 and ~0.3 in
p
-type Pb
0.99
Na
0.01
S, respectively.
УТВЕРЖДЕНИЕ ПРИЕМА: ГРАММАТИЧЕСКАЯ АТТРАКЦИЯ В ЛИРИКЕ МАРИНЫ ЦВЕТАЕВОЙ 1922-1923 ГОДОВ
Authors: Скоробогатова Е. А.
Published: December 2020

Граматична атракція розглянута як типологійна характеристика поетичного ідіостилю Марини Цвєтаєвої. Мета статті – дослідити, як різні типи граматичної атракції використовуються Цвєтаєвою у період 1922-1923 років, для якого вони є актуальними. Теоретичним підґрунтям праці слугує вчення про граматичну атракцію О.О. Потебні. Атракцією форм називаємо уподібнення граматичних форм на дериваційному, морфологічному й синтаксичному рівнях тексту. В дослідженні розрізняються випадки невимушеної атракції діахронічного типу й приклади використання атракції як поетичного прийому, орієнтованого на збільшення виразності й фасцинативності віршового тексту. Розглянуті зразки другого типу, що притаманні ліриці поета. Проаналізована роль граматичної семантики одиниць, що були уподібнені, у формуванні поетичних смислів та їхня участь у композиційній будові поезій. Дослідження дало змогу зробити низку узагальнень. У ліриці Марини Цвєтаєвої 1922-1923 років активно використовується граматична атракція різного ґатунку: дериваційна, морфологічна, синтаксична. У більшості випадків на звуковому рівні вона підтримана паронімічною атракцією. У багатьох поетичних фрагментах атракція різних типів поєднується. Поєднання прийомів уподібнення одиниць різних стратумів й актуалізація прийому призводить до створення поезій, композиція, смисловий та звуковий ритм яких побудовані на атракції форм, значень і смислів. Перспектива дослідження полягає у вивченні формування художньої традиції використання граматичної атракції у російськомовній поезії як версифікаційного прийому, що збільшує багатозначність, ритмічність й фасцинативність поетичного тексту.
ВІЛЬНИЙ НЕПРЯМИЙ ДИСКУРС ЯК ЗАСІБ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПЕРСОНАЖА В РОМАНІ О. СОЛЖЕНІЦИНА «У КОЛІ ПЕРШОМУ»
Authors: Меняйло Н. В.
Published: December 2020

У статті проаналізовано приклади вільного непрямого дискурсу (ВНД) в романі О. Солженіцина «У колі першому», що характеризують образи персонажів. Розглянуто визначення цього типу оповіді та його мовленнєвого реалізатора – невласне прямого мовлення (НПМ). Відзначено монологічну природу такого дискурсу в межах діалогічного мікротексту, його поліфонію, що складається з окремих голосів персонажів-оповідачів під контролем автора, який втручається в чужу оповідь через філософські вставки, афористичні репліки, предметні ремарки, часто марковані іронічними елементами. Акцентується також на концептуальному компоненті ВНД, репрезентанти якого відповідно до авторських інтенцій та стратегії оповіді виявляються в НПМ героїв роману. Поряд із цим з’ясовується, що в межах лінгвостилістичного аналізу роману «У колі першому» відзначаються такі складники, як автобіографічний, тематичний, персонажний, концептуальний, текстологічний (мовленнєвий). Вони досліджуються з метою не лише розкриття специфіки словесно-естетичної та структурно-стилістичної організації твору, але й більш повного й точного розуміння його ідейно-художнього змісту. Це пов’язано й з авторською орієнтацією на розуміння читача та його асоціативне сприйняття, що ставить роман цього автора в коло найвидатніших у російській літературі. Зроблено висновок, що форма НПМ характеризує не лише внутрішній світ персонажа-оповідача, але й авторську стратегію оповіді та загалом ідіостиль письменника.
ТЕОРІЇ СКЛАДНОСТІ ТА ЇХ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В СОЦІАЛЬНИХ НАУКАХ
Authors: Пасісниченко В. Л. , Пасісниченко І. М.
Published: December 2020

У статті аналізуються теорії складності (complexity theories) з точки зору доцільності їх використання в дослідженнях соціальних теоретиків. Відкриття можливості вивчення складних систем, яким притаманні властивості самоорганізації як аутопойезису, нелійності та стану нерівноваги, спонукало соціальних теоретиків до використання інструментарію науки про складність у дослідженнях соціальної складності в межах політології, соціології, міжнародних відносинах та інших дисциплінах про суспільство та людину. В якості конкретного прикладу розглядається відповідний внесок у соціальну теорію соціолога Джона Уррі. Всупереч емпіричній та позитивістській традиції він запропонував пост-дисциплінарний підхід на підставі того, що як соціальні, так і природничі науки характеризуються належністю до складних систем. Наш аналіз еволюції його поглядів фіксує в якості її початкового і фундаментального етапу саме теорію складності. Її можна назвати головним поворотом, який Дж. Уррі здійснив у соціальній теорії. Всі інші його інновації, зокрема теорія соціальної мобільності та геоекологічний підхід у питаннях природи, планетарного споживання і людського тіла, стали закономірним наслідком цього фокусу на теорії складності.
ГЛОБАЛЬНІ КЛІМАТИЧНІ ЗМІНИ: СПРОБА СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНОГО ПЕРЕОСМИСЛЕННЯ
Authors: Радіонова І. О.
Published: December 2020

Стаття присвячена аналізу спроби соціально-політичного переосмислення глобальних кліматичних змін у теорії метаморфозісу У. Бека. Доводиться значення теорії метаморфозісу щодо з’ясування взаємозалежності людини, суспільства, природи в умовах глобалізації і відповідним змінам у сфері політики. Наголошується, що тільки з позиції соціально-політичного аналізу кліматичних змін можна визначити нормативний горизонт кліматичної справедливості для глобального світу, побачити загрози кліматичного колоніалізму.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ПОЛІТИЧНОГО РЕЖИМУ В УКРАЇНІ ПІСЛЯ ПРЕЗИДЕНТСЬКИХ І ПАРЛАМЕНТСЬКИХ ВИБОРІВ 2019 РОКУ
Authors: Романюк О. І.
Published: December 2020

У статті аналізуються зміни, що відбулися в політичній системі України після президентських та дочасних парламентських виборів 2019 року. На думку автора, вибори 2019 року спричинили процес трансформації політичного режиму. Електоральна демократія, внаслідок розвитку тенденцій концентрації президентом все більших повноважень і систематичного порушення законодавчих процедур, поступово перетворюється на делегативну демократію – один з різновидів дефектних демократій.
Relation of High Maternal Body Mass Index to Perinatal and Maternal Outcome
Authors: Patel Dr. Khushboo , Baheti Dr. Smita
Published: December 2020

Worldwide, obesity is the prevalent, chronic medical condition (1). The rate of obesity in pregnant women is rising, increasing the significance of its impact on obesity-related pregnancy complications.(2)
Maternal body mass index (BMI) is one of the predictors of the nutritional status of pregnant ladies. The problem of rising obesity is not unique to India. In earlier research, the relationship between maternal height and weight with pregnancy complications have been extensively explored, but in recent times, BMI is widely accepted as a better measure of over or underweight [3].
Comparison of ATP values on Vegetables Cutting Boards before and after Alcohol Disinfection
Authors: Katayama Naomi , Ito Akemi , Hirabayashi Mayumi , Sasaki Natuki , Inuzuka Moe
Published: December 2020

Sanitary control of cutting boards in the kitchen is important to prevent food poisoning. To preventing secondary and tertiary contamination of food poisoning bacteria, it is necessary to know the hygiene status of cooking utensils. Therefore, in this study, we compared the values after cooking, washing, and spraying 70% alcohol on cutting boards for vegetables using the ATP test and microbiological test. As a result, the ATP value after spraying with alcohol was 100 or less, which was better than that after washing. Microbial test results showed that microorganisms were present on the vegetable cutting board even after spraying with 70% alcohol. Since microorganisms are present even after spraying with alcohol, it is possible that the growth of microorganisms will occur again if the vegetable cutting board left in a moist state at room temperature. When using a vegetable cutting board left unattended, it is necessary to wash repeatedly and spray it with alcohol.
EXPERIENCE IN PRODUCTION OF LARGE-SIZE TITANIUM-STEEL BIMETAL FOR PIPE BOARDS OF NPP
Authors: Pervukhin L. B. , Denisov I. V. , Shishkin T. A. , Pervukhina O. L.
Published: December 2020

The main provisions of modern technology for the production of bimetallic sheets for the manufacture of pipe boards for nuclear power plant condensers and nuclear icebreaker condensers are described. High quality in connection continuity and strength is provided by explosion welding in argon medium. The results of testing the properties of 216 bimetallic steel-titanium sheets are presented.
STRUCTURAL FORMATION OF INTERLAYER BOUNDARIES LAYERED METAL MATERIAL IN EXPLOSION WELDING
Authors: Rosen A. E. , Korneev A. E. , Horin A. V. , Pryshchak A. V. , Gudenko A. S. , Rosen A. A. , Kozlov D. V.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of studies of interlayer boundaries of laminated metal materials with an inner protector during explosion welding. The calculation of the optimal parameters of explosion welding and their influence on wave formation in the interlayer boundaries is carried out. The structure formation of the transition zone of the interlayer boundary has been studied.
HIGH-DAMPING STATE IN STRUCTURAL BIMETALS OBTAINED BY EXPLOSION WELDING
Authors: Saikov I. V. , Chudakov I. B. , Fedotova N. L. , Alexandrova N. M. , Polyakova N. A. , Makushev S. Yu.
Published: December 2020

Structural bimetallic materials consisting from high-strength steel (grade: 30HGSA) and binary (or alloyed) high-damping Mn-Cu alloys have been studied in the present research. Formation of the high-damping state in laminated materials obtained by explosion welding has been discussed. It is shown that the combination of high damping properties and high strength in the developed bimetallic materials provides an opportunity for practical application of high-damping bimetals in industry.
NI-AL POWDER MIXTURE INITIATION DURING SHOCK-WAVE LOADING AND HEAT TREATMENT
Authors: Malakhov A. Yu. , Saikov I. V. , Denisov I. V. , Seropyan S. A. , Semenchuk I. E.
Published: December 2020

This paper studies shock wave loading and heat treatment of a Ni-Al powder mixture in a metal matrix. We had found that a monophasic product NiAl was synthesized at the flyer plate velocity of 1500 m/s, immediately, or at 550 m/s during heat treatment (up to 750 °C) and for 3 hours heat treatment. Initiation temperature of powder mixture was about 600 °C. The results got are perspective for the development and production of composite materials with an intermetallic layer.
EXPLOSIVE WELDING OF HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS BASED ON REFRACTORY METALS WITH HIGH STRENGTH STEEL
Authors: Malakhov A. Yu. , Saikov I. V. , Denisov I. V.
Published: December 2020

In this work, the parameters of explosive welding of plates and pipes from heat resistant alloys with high-strength steel were established. It was found that to ensure strong adhesion, it is necessary to increase the kinetic energy of a flayer plate made of a heat-resistant alloy several times in comparison with the explosion welding of steel sheets. Metallographic studies have shown that at similar modes of explosion welding in cylindrical products, the number of cast inclusions is significantly increased compared to sheets up to the appearance of a continuous layer at the weld interface. Mechanical tests have confirmed the quality of the joint. This material is promising for work in structures experiencing thermal and erosive effects.
USING CLOZE PASSAGES TO ESTIMATE READABILITY FOR RUSSIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Brown J. D. , Janssen G. , Trace J. , Kozhevnikova L
Published: December 2020

This preliminary study examines the relationships between each of six first language (L1) readability indexes and the cloze passage mean performances of Russian EFL students. The cloze passages were created by randomly selecting 50 text passages from an American public library and deleting every 12th word in each passage to create a 30-item cloze procedure. The participants were 5170 EFL students from 38 universities in theRussian Federation. Each student was randomly assigned to take one of the 30-item cloze passages. The L1 readability indexes calculated for each of the 50 passages were the Flesch, Flesch-Kincaid, Fry, Gunning, Fog, and modified Gunning-Fog indexes. The preliminary results indicate that the L1 readability indexes were moderately to highly correlated with each other, but only somewhat correlated with the mean performances of Russian university students on cloze versions of those same passages. These results are discussed in terms of why the L1 readability indexes are moderately to highly correlated with each other but only somewhat correlated to the Russian EFL means. The authors also explain what they are planning in terms of further linguistic analyses (e.g., of variables like average word length, percent of function words, number of syllables per sentence, number of words per paragraph, frequencies of words in the passages, and so forth) and statistical analyses (including at least factor analysis, multiple regression analyses, and structural equation modeling) of these data.
Distribution of Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) (Teleostei: Acheilognathidae) in Turkey
Authors: BAYÇELEBİ Esra
Published: December 2020

The present study aims to reveal the current distribution area of Rhodeus amarus in the freshwaters of Turkey. The survey was conducted between 2004-2019 from 56 sampling locations. Also, it was made a detailed literature research. R. amarus is distributed in rivers and streams flowing into the Black, Aegean, Marmara, Caspian Sea basins, and some lake basins in Anatolia.
Management of an oncological wound: Diagnosis, conflicting therapies and decision-making
Authors: Bianchi Tommaso , Di Altobrando Ambra , Merli Yuri , Tartari Federico , Manfredi Barbara , Rowan Sara , Musella Maria , Musella M , Moda Laura , Patrizi Annalisa
Published: December 2020

This article presents the case of a non-HIV-positive patient who contemporaneously suffered from Kaposi’s sarcoma and bullous pemphigoid. Kaposi’s sarcoma is a rare low-grade vascular tumour associated with human herpes virus 8 infection, while bullous pemphigoid is the most common autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease in western countries.
Perspektif Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat Lokal dan Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Sumberdaya Alam (Discourse Analisis dalam Kasus Eksploitasi Pasir di Perairan Krakatau Lampung Selatan)
Authors: Ulzikri Ahmad Robi
Published: December 2020

South Lampung is one of the areas that still upholds customary and cultural values. Including one of them is in terms of preserving the environment. On the other hand, development in the area continues. However, the development discourse initiated by local governments, both district and provincial, often conflicts with the interests of local communities. One of them is the refusal, such as the local community and non-governmental organizations in the Rajabasa sub-district of South Lampung, against the exploitation of sand in the waters of the Anak Krakatau mountain by a private company that has obtained a permit from the provincial government. This study aims to determine the perspective of local non-governmental organizations and local governments in interpreting the existence of natural resources in the regions. The research method used is qualitative with a discourse analysis approach. Data collection comes from literature studies such as books, journals and news. The results show that the community has a perspective in looking at natural resources in the area, namely that they must maintain the status quo by assessing that natural resources need to be preserved as local wisdom without exploitation while the government assesses natural resources through proper exploration of natural resources. in fact, it can optimize regional income and create welfare for the community
SALUD INTEGRAL DEL ADULTO MAYOR DE LA “CASA DE LOS ABUELOS ANGÉLICA ALVARADO” DEL SECTOR PANTANO ABAJO ESTADO FALCÓN
Authors: Romero Sandra , Jaimes Jhon
Published: December 2020

La presente investigación se planteó como propósito implementar estrategias para  la Salud Integral del  Adulto Mayor de la Casa de los Abuelos “Angélica Alvarado” del Sector Pantano Abajo del Municipio Miranda, Estado Falcón.  La metodología utilizada fue la de Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP) aplicada a estudios sobre realidades humanas y con el empleo de técnicas como  la observación participante,  entrevista a informantes claves, priorización del problema con la técnica de Ranqueo, FODA y árbol del problema, lo cual permitió determinar la realidad social en la casa de los abuelos “Angélica Alvarado”. Para  la intervención se estableció un plan de acción para la implementación de estrategias de salud en las áreas; cardiovascular, detección de micosis superficiales y enfermedades metabólicas e infecciosas a través de la Secretaria de Salud del Estado Falcón y el Ambulatorio “Dr. Edgar Peña”; además de la realización  de talleres de formación en proyectos socio-productivos por parte de la Corporación Falconiana de Turismo y de actividades físicas - recreativas por docentes del Programa de Educación Física, Recreación y Deporte de la Universidad Nacional Experimental “Francisco de Miranda” para mejorar la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores del sector Pantano Abajo. El propósito trazado de la investigación se cumplió mediante la ejecución de diferentes Fases que conllevaron al estudio y conocimiento de las problemáticas más sentidas por parte de los adultos mayores de la casa de los Abuelos “Angélica Alvarado”, además se logró motivar la participación y colaboración de diferentes instituciones del Estado, la Comuna Heroína Josefa Camejo, el Consejo Comunal Territorio social I. Así como también, de la Comunidad en general del sector Pantano. La investigación permitió a través de la práctica transformadora y el cambio social resaltar la importancia de la salud integral del adulto mayor  que como ciudadano activo  con  derechos y deberes debe ser integrado a todas las actividades de la comunidad que conlleven a mejorar su calidad de vida.
Información sobre cáncer en internet. Análisis comparativo de las webs institucionales de AECC, GEPAC y FEFOC.
Authors: García-Mirón Silvia , Torres-Romay Emma
Published: December 2020

La búsqueda de información sobre salud en internet está asociada fundamentalmente al diagnóstico de una enfermedad del usuario o de un familiar y puede considerarse la primera fuente a la que acuden tras una consulta médica (Marín-Torres et al., isanidad.com, 2015; 2012; III Barómetro PIC, 2019; INE, 2019;). Las principales barreras para el acceso y uso de la eSalud (eHealth en su terminología inglesa) tienen que ver con la legibilidad del contenido y con una pobre usabilidad de los sitios (Cline y Haynes, 2001; Kim y Xie, 2017). A esto se suma en el contexto actual el enorme volumen de datos disponible en la red que hace imprescindible desarrollar protocolos de análisis que permitan a los usuarios identificar de un modo comprensible los sitios que ofrecen información de calidad tanto en sus contenidos como en su presentación. Esta investigación plantea un análisis de las páginas web corporativas de tres instituciones españolas de reconocido prestigio —y naturaleza diversa— en el ámbito de la divulgación y prevención del cáncer: la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, el Grupo Español de Pacientes con Cáncer y la Fundación para la Educación Pública y la Formación en Cáncer; abordando tanto la usabilidad como el tipo de información ofrecida, con el objetivo de conocer el estado de la información en la red sobre el cáncer en España y de identificar buenas prácticas en la comunicación sobre la enfermedad.