bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in approaches to human resource management in Russia and the Latin American countries: comparative review
Authors: Milaeva T.
Published: August 2023

The article presents a comparative overview of practices and approaches to human resource management in Russia, including its northern regions, and the Latin American countries. The author analyzes the evolution of the term of human resources as an economic category and surveys the practice of human resource management in Russia and Latin America in the past and today. Both regions are currently involved in the process of transition to innovative economy and face various difficulties. Managers try to find efficient ways to combine traditional local practices for these countries with global methods of personnel management. To solve these paradoxes, the states need scientists and experts in the field of personnel management who could make a great contribution to the development of society and business in these countries.
On the possibilities of mining waste utilization in the Murmansk Region
Authors: Ivanov S.
Published: August 2023

Mining waste products have a significant effect on the vulnerable natural environment of the Arctic and the human health. So, the problem of mining waste utilization is of a particular relevance for the Murmansk Region. The article discusses the existing legal and regulatory framework, promising directions for the development of technologies in this area, and the current waste utilization methods. The author highlights the practical results of mining waste disposal. The tailings facilities (TSF) are considered as technogenic deposits with a low content of valuable components and so can be used in the building industry due to low cost of such materials and reduction of environmental damage during TSF removal.
Do disabled people need social workers?
Authors: Sapey Bob , Pearson Jayn
Published: August 2023

This paper reflects on the role of social services departments and social workers in the system of direct payments. By means of the Community Care (Direct Payments) Act, 1996, care services can be commissioned directly by the user. Social services departments have a role in setting up the local direct payments system and individual social workers may promote and facilitate its use by disabled people. There are indications from regional evaluations, however, that for a variety of reasons, organizations and their individual employees are sceptical and reluctant to implement this legislation. Given this, together with the government’s commitment to the system as a means of promoting the full citizenship of disabled people, the authors question whether social workers and social services departments have any future in this area of social care.
A Study on the Dispute Settlement System of Regional TradeAgreements as an Alternative to the WTO Dispute Settlement System
Authors:   IAGBT, Cheong Sun-Tae
Published: August 2023

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and characteristics of RTA-DSM, and to analyze the potential of RTA-DSM as an alternative to the WTO-DSM in the crisis of the WTO dispute sttlement system. Design/Methodology/Approach – This paper largely is a literature review. It adopts a method of examining the texts of regional trade agreements based on the WTO RTA database. In addition, this study does not perform legal analysis as much as possible, and analyzes RTA-DSM from an institutional point of view. Findings – RTA-DSM has a similar structure to the WTO-DSM. However, the content of RTA-DSM is insufficient compared to the WTO-DSM, and as a result, there are few cases of dispute resolution. The crisis of the Appellate Body and the rapid evolution of RTA-DSM have increased the importance of RTA-DSM as an alternative to the WTO-DSM. The introduction of dispute settlement systems in regional trade agreements is an irreversible trend, and considering the usefulness, cases of dispute resolution using RTA-DSM will increase rapidly in the future. Research Implications – RTA-DSM cannot completely replace the WTO-DSM. In the long term, WTODSM should be restored, and RTA-DSM should play a supplementary role. The centrality of the WTO, which supports the multilateral trade system, must be maintained through the restoration of the WTO-DSM.
Carta ao Editor: Recomendações na Abordagem do Doente com Hidradenite Supurativa
Authors: Ferreira Silva Sónia , Rodrigues Ribeiro Raquel , Cabanelas Miguel
Published: August 2023

N/a.
Degradación de fármacos mediante fotocatálisis con nanopartículas de ZnO
Authors:   Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del IPN, Gallardo-Monroy Xóchitl , Olivares-Rubio Hugo F. ,   Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del IPN, Morales-Ramírez Ángel de Jesús ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Hernández-Fernández Javier ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CECYT 10, Rodríguez-Nava Celestino Odín ,   Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del IPN
Published: August 2023

El incremento del uso de compuestos farmacéuticos es uno de los factores que ha ocasionado un impacto sobre la salud de los ambientes acuáticos. Las tecnologías convencionales de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales han mostrado tener una baja eficiencia para la remoción de estos contaminantes. Para contribuir a resolver este problema, en la presente investigación se evaluó la degradación de los fármacos bezafibrato, gemfibrozil, sulfametoxazol, diclofenaco e indometacina mediante fotocatálisis heterogénea utilizando nanopartículas de óxido de zinc (ZnO) con dopaje de cobalto de 0, 1, 3 y 5 % en peso de cobalto, con diferentes concentraciones (1, 2, 5, 6 y 10 g/L) y tres temperaturas diferentes (25, 40 y 55 ºC) durante la degradación de los fármacos, bajo una radiación UV λ = 375 nm durante cuatro horas de exposición. Se encontró que el dopaje con cobalto disminuyó la velocidad de remoción de los fármacos. Además, la mayor eficiencia de remoción para todos los compuestos evaluados (98.8-100 %), se obtuvo con una concentración de 5 g/L de nanopartículas de ZnO a una temperatura de 25 ºC. Estos hallazgos resultan promisorios debido a las ventajas del ZnO en la remoción de productos farmacéuticos en aguas residuales o en hospitales en donde se realizan las formulaciones para pacientes hospitalizados. No obstante, se requiere continuar con estudios sobre condiciones similares a las reales para determinar la viabilidad de su aplicación.
Overview of the Biotransformation of Limonene and α-Pinene from Wood and Citrus Residues by Microorganisms
Authors: Ndao Adama , Adjallé Kokou
Published: August 2023

This review provides an overview of the biotransformation of limonene and α-pinene, which are commonly found in wood residues and citrus fruit by-products, to produce high-value-added products. Essential oils derived from various plant parts contain monoterpene hydrocarbons, such as limonene and pinenes which are often considered waste due to their low sensory activity, poor water solubility, and tendency to autoxidize and polymerise. However, these terpene hydrocarbons serve as ideal starting materials for microbial transformations. Moreover, agro-industrial byproducts can be employed as nutrient and substrate sources, reducing fermentation costs, and enhancing industrial viability. Terpenes, being secondary metabolites of plants, are abundant in byproducts generated during fruit and plant processing. Microbial cells offer advantages over enzymes due to their higher stability, rapid growth rates, and genetic engineering potential. Fermentation parameters can be easily manipulated to enhance strain performance in large-scale processes. The economic advantages of biotransformation are highlighted by comparing the prices of substrates and products. For instance, R-limonene, priced at US$34/L, can be transformed into carveol, valued at around US$530/L. This review emphasises the potential of biotransformation to produce high-value products from limonene and α-pinene molecules, particularly present in wood residues and citrus fruit by-products. The utilisation of microbial transformations, along with agro-industrial byproducts, presents a promising approach to extract value from waste materials and enhance the sustainability of the antimicrobial, the fragrance and flavour industry.
A Kernel-Based Solution for Detecting and Preventing Fileless Malware on Linux
Authors: Hsu Fu-Hau , Hunag Jian-Hong , Hwang Yan-Ling , Wang Hao-Jyun , Chen Jian-Xin , Hsiao Teng-Chuan , Wu Min-Hao
Published: August 2023

The first appearance of viruses can date back to the late last century. As an effective form of malware, viruses reside in the permanent storage of target hosts. Before a virus can execute, that must load into memory from the persistent storage included in the associated file. Due to the reliable destructive power of viruses, many mechanisms have been developed to defend computer systems against these hazardous threats. Antivirus software is one of the most famous and popular among these mechanisms. Most antivirus software uses static analysis (signature-based) technology on files stored in permanent storage, such as hard disks or USB flashes, to detect viruses hidden in files. Fileless malware was developed to enhance the survivability of malware by circumventing detection. Fileless malware only exists in the target hosts’ memory, not files. Antivirus software cannot even access the fileless malware code, much less analyze it, since it may be performed in memory directly without needing to load it from a disk. As a result, it is difficult for an antivirus engine to defend a system against fileless malware attacks. This paper proposes a kernel-based solution called Check-on-Execution (CoE) to detect fileless malware on a Linux system. When a program is going to execute a piece of code in a writable and executable memory area of a process, CoE suspends the code execution first. Coe retrieves the code from memory, packs the code with an ELF header to create an ELF file, and uses VirusTotal to check the file to prevent a Linux system from executing fileless malware. Experimental results show that CoE noticeably enhances the ability of a Linux system to defend itself again fileless malware. CoE is also suitable for protecting a system from shell code injection attacks, such as buffer and heap overflow attacks. It is capable of handling even packed malware. But in this paper, we only focus on fileless malware.
Nitrogen Journey in Plants: from Uptake to Metabolism to Stress response and Microbe Interaction
Authors: Zayed Omar , Hewedy Omar A , Abdelmoteleb Ali , Ali Mohammed , Youssef Mohamed S.G , Roumia Ahmed F , Seymour Danelle , Yuan Ze-Chun
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Plant uptake and assimilation of essential nitrogen compounds from the soil are mainly in the form of nitrate and ammonium ions. Plant nitrate transporters (NRTs) play a crucial role in nitrate uptake from the soil into the roots. NRT structural analysis reveals the mechanisms by which these transporters function. Similarly, plant ammonium transporters (AMTs) mediate the uptake of ammonium ions, and their structural analysis has provided valuable information on their mechanisms. After nitrogen uptake by plant roots, the nitrogen metabolism pathway involves the incorporation of nitrogen into organic compounds. Glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GoGAT) are the master players in this pathway. They work together to convert ammonium ions into glutamine and glutamate, respectively. Different isoforms of GS and GoGAT exist, enabling plants to fine-tune nitrogen metabolism based on environmental cues. Under severe abiotic stress conditions, nitric oxide (NO) has been found to enhance plant survival under drought. Furthermore, the interaction between salinity stress and nitrogen availability in plants has been studied, with NO identified as a potential mediator of responses to salt stress. On the other hand, excessive use of nitrate fertilizers can lead to health and environmental issues. Therefore, alternative strategies, such as establishing nitrogen fixation in plants through diazotrophic microbiota, have been explored to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers. Ultimately, genomics can identify new genes related to nitrogen fixation, which could be harnessed to improve plant productivity. By deciphering the genetic basis of nitrogen-fixing traits, researchers aim to develop crops that efficiently utilize nitrogen from the environment.
Testing Cosmic Acceleration from the Late-Time Universe
Authors: Lozano Torres Jose Agustin
Published: August 2023

We measure the accelerated cosmic expansion rate of the late-time Universe and derive constraints on cosmological parameters from the final baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) uncorrelated measurements of different surveys after two decades of dedicated spectroscopic observation combined with the Pantheon sample of Type Ia supernovae, the Hubble diagram of gamma-ray bursts & quasars data, the Cosmic Chronometers data, and the recent Hubble constant value measurement from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team as an additional prior. In Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) scenario, the model fit yields Ωm=0.313±0.034 and ΩΛ=0.672±0.025. Combining BAO with CC+Pantheon+QSR+GRB data sets we get H0=69.21±1.22 km s−1 Mpc−1, rd=133.46±2.49 Mpc. For the a flat wCDM model, we get w=−1.111±0.030. For a dynamical evolution of dark energy in a flat w0waCDM cosmology, we get wa=−0.292±0.167. We apply the Akaike information criteria probe to compare the three models, and see that all models are favored and cannot be discarded from the current data.
Vegetation Community and Soil Characteristics of Grassland Regulates Space-Scale Dependence of Species Diversity under Different Grazing Management in the Qilian Mountains of China
Authors: Lixiang Liu , Yongwei Han , Weiwei Liu , Yuemin Liu
Published: August 2023

Grazing exclusion (GE) and rest grazing (RG) are important management to restore grassland ecosystems. In order to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of different grazing management on species diversity, vegetation community indices and soil variables were determined in the plots of Qilian Mountains in Gansu Province. The results showed that diversity effects and their regulating mechanisms had space-scale dependence under different grazing management. Species richness and species diversity indices of RG in grassland were significantly higher than that of GE at the regional scale. Additionally, three grazing management in mountain meadows had only a significant effect on species richness, but different management in mountain meadows and temperate steppes had a significantly different effect on species diversity indices. Meanwhile, soil variables only influenced species diversity at the regional scale. Most of community and soil variables at each scale had positive effects on species diversity, except that the direction of biodiversity effects was negative for species coverage, mean plant height, soil porosity (SK) and bulk density (BD) under two contrasting grazing management. In conclusion, choosing RG at the regional scale and select grazing management according to different grassland types at the local scale to restore degraded grassland vegetation.
Development of an Optimized Process for Functional Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Receptor-Binding Domain Protein Produced in the Baculovirus Expression Vector System
Authors: Boumaiza Mohamed , Chaabene Amani , Akrouti Ines , Ben Zakour Meriem , Askri Hana , Salhi Said , Benabdessalem Chaouki , Ben Ahmed Melika , Trabelsi Khaled , Rourou Samia
Published: August 2023

To map Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2) spreading and evaluate immune responses variations against this virus, it was essential to locally set up efficient serological tests. The SARS-CoV2 immunogenic proteins were very expensive and not affordable mainly for Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). For this purpose, the commonly used antigen, Re-ceptor-Binding Domain (RBD) of Spike S1 protein (S1RBD), was produced using the the Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS) . During the current study, the expression of S1RBD was monitored using western blot under different culture conditions. Different parameters were studied: Multiplicity Of Infection (MOI), cell density at infection and harvest time. Hence, optimal conditions for efficient S1RBD production were identified: MOI 3; cell density at infection 2-3x 106 cells/mL and time post-infection (tpi or harvest time) of 72h and 72-96 h successively for expression in shake-flasks and 7L-bioreactor. A high production yield of S1RBD varying between 4mg and 70 mg per liter of crude cell culture supernatant was achieved, respectively, in shake-flasks and in 7L-bioreactor. Moreover, the produced S1RBD showed an excellent antigenicity potential against COVID-19 patient sera evaluated by western blot. Thus, additional serological assays, such as ELISA, were developed using the purified S1RDB (published by other research groups).
Long-Term Mortality Effects Associated with Exposure to Particles and NOx in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort
Authors: Olstrup Henrik , Flanagan Erin , Persson Jan-Olov , Rittner Ralf , Krage Carlsen Hanne , Stockfelt Leo , Xu Yiyi , Rylander Lars , Gustafsson Susanna , Spanne Mårten , Åström Daniel , Engström Gunnar , Oudin Anna
Published: August 2023

In this study, long-term mortality effects associated with exposure to PM10, PM2.5, BC (black carbon), and NOx were analyzed in a cohort in southern Sweden during the period from 1991‒2016. Participants (those residing in Malmö, Sweden, born between 1923‒1950) were randomly recruited from 1991‒1996. At enrollment, 30,438 participants underwent a health screening, which consisted of questionnaires about lifestyle and diet, a clinical examination, and blood sampling. Mortality data were retrieved from the Swedish national cause of death register. The modeled concentrations of PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to 10 µm), PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to 2.5 µm), BC (black carbon), and NOx (nitrogen oxides) at the cohort participants' home addresses were used to assess air pollution exposure. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the associations between long-term exposure to PM10, PM2.5, BC, and NOx and the time until death among the participants during the period from 1991‒2016. The hazard ratios (HRs) associated with an interquartile range (IQR) increase in each air pollutant were calculated based on the exposure lag windows of the same year (lag0), 1‒5 years (lag1‒5), and 6‒10 years (lag6‒10). Three models were used with varying adjustments for possible confounders including both single-pollutant estimates and two-pollutant estimates. With adjustments for all covariates, the HRs for PM10, PM2.5, BC, and NOx in the single-pollutant models at lag1‒5 were 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02‒1.11), 1.01 (95% CI: 0.95‒1.08), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.04‒1.11), and 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07‒1.16) per IQR increase, respectively. The HRs were in most cases decreased by the inclusion of a larger number of covariates in the models. The most robust associations were shown for NOx, with statistically significant positive HRs in all models. An overall conclusion is that road traffic-related pollutants had a significant association with mortality in the cohort.
Successful Management, in a Low-Resource Setting, of Disseminated Tuberculosis in a 3-Year Old Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Chilundo Josina , Muhelo Arlindo , Ahivaldino Zita , Zucula Helton , Macuacua Sheila , Cristina Ana , Pizzol Damiano , Smith Lee , Maggioni Giuseppe
Published: August 2023

Disseminated or military tuberculosis (TB) is defined as the presence of at least two non-contiguous sites of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, occurring as a result of progressive primary infection, reactivation and spread of a latent focus or due to iatrogenic origin. Disseminated TB represents a life-threatening condition, especially in at-risk children and when the diagnosis and treatment are delayed. We report on a case of a 3-year old boy who presented with long-lasting unrecognised disseminated TB that was successfully managed in a low-resource setting.
Albumin: A Biomarker to Be Repurposed
Authors: Gremese Elisa , Bruno Dario , Varriano Valentina , Perniola Simone , Petricca Luca , Ferraccioli Gianfranco
Published: August 2023

Serum albumin (ALB), one of the most important proteins in human physiology, has the main functions of maintaining plasma oncotic pressure and plasma volume, transporting hormones, vitamins, oligominerals and drugs, and exerting a powerful antioxidant-antiinflammatory role. Its prognostic value in liver and malabsorption syndromes is well known.
In this narrative review, an analysis of the most important studies evaluating the prognostic significance of low serum ALB levels in hospitalized patients was performed. Specifically, the risk in emergency medicine, cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19 infection, nephrology, oncology and autoimmune rheumatic diseases has been examined to fully explore its clinical value.
ALB is a negative acute-phase reactant and the reduction of its serum levels represents a threatening parameter for long-term survival in several clinical settings, and a strong poor prognostic biomarker in most diseases. Therefore, clinicians should consider serum ALB as a valuable tool to assess the efficacy of specific therapies, both in hospitalized patients and in chronic follow-up.
A Novel Mathematical Model for Rough Cracks Repairing by Using the Method of Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP)
Authors: Zhang Simiao , Wang Shuhong , Ahmed Zulkifl , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2023

Concrete cracks have a detrimental effect on the strength properties and durability of the structures. So, repairing of concrete cracks to recover their strength parameters is more important task in civil engineering. To repair concrete cracks, MICP has been widely analysed in recent times; but, zero research is conducted to deeply investigate the repair effects of MICP on concrete cracks with rough surface by using the theoretic model. In current research, MICP with a novel mathematical model was attained by taking the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), ureolysis, suspended biomass, geochemistry, transport of solute and biofilm growth. Furthermore, crack repair experiments were performed to check the workability of the new mathematical method. The outcomes revealed that the designed suspended biomass concentrations in cracks diminished step by step. The comparison in between the experimental results and calculated results verified the precision of migration behaviour of the suspended biomass. At the inlet, the solute concentrations and biofilm volume fractions was higher, causing in rise of yield amounts for calcium carbonate. The consumed solutes concentrations were higher for cracks of less rough surface, ultimately causing in smaller sonic time; and the values of sonic time for upper portions of cracks was smaller, showing good repair impacts. The recommended mathematical model provides a better tool that controls repair time and microbial metabolism process to report a new adjustive, bioremediation and biomineralization to concrete, which could provide a firm base for remediation of material in civil engineering field.
An Efficient and Fast Sparse Grid Algorithm for High-Dimensional Numerical Integration
Authors: Zhong Huicong , Feng Xiaobing
Published: August 2023

This paper is concerned with developing an efficient numerical algorithm for fast implementation of the sparse grid method for computing the $d$-dimensional integral of a given function. The new algorithm, called the MDI-SG ({\em multilevel dimension iteration sparse grid}) method, implements the sparse grid method based on a dimension iteration/reduction procedure, it does not need to store the integration points, nor does it compute the function values independently at each integration point, instead, it reuses the computation for function evaluations as much as possible by performing the function evaluations at all integration points in a cluster and iteratively along coordinate directions. It is shown numerically that the computational complexity (in terms of CPU time) of the proposed MDI-SG method is of polynomial order $O(Nd^3 )$ or better, compared to the exponential order $O(N(\log N)^{d-1})$ for the standard sparse grid method, where $N$ denotes the maximum number of integration points in each coordinate direction. As a result, the proposed MDI-SG method effectively circumvents the curse of dimensionality suffered by the standard sparse grid method for high-dimensional numerical integration.
The Effect of Lattice Misfit on The Precipitation at Dislocations: Phase Field Crystal Simulation
Authors: Mao Hong , Zeng Changlin , Zhang Zhikang , Shuai Xiong , Tang Sai
Published: August 2023

An atomic-scale approach is employed to simulate the formation of precipitates with different lattice misfits in the early stages of aging of supersaturated aluminum alloys. Simulation results reveal that the increase of lattice misfit could significantly promote the nucleation rate of precipitates, which results in a larger number and smaller size of the precipitates. The morphologies of the precipitates also vary with the degree of lattice misfit. Moreover, the higher the lattice misfit, the earlier the nucleation of the second phase occurs, which can substantially inhibit the movement of dislocations. The research on the lattice misfit of precipitation can provide theoretical guidance for the design of high-strength aluminum alloy.
Nanocomposite Hydrogels and Extracellular Matrix—Advantages and Associated Risks
Authors: Kerch GARRY
Published: August 2023

Hydrogels can be considered as mimics of extracellular matrix (ECM).Cytoskeleton through integrins is connected with ECM and cytoskeleton tension depends on ECM stiffness.A number of age-related diseases depend on cellular processes related with cytoskeleton function.Some examples of cancer initiation and progression and heart disease in relationship with ECM stiffness has been analysed.Incorporation of rigid particles in ECM can increase ECM stifness and to promote formation of internal residual stresses. Water migration, changes of water binding energy to biomactomolecules, changes of the state of water from tightly bound water to free and loosely bound water changes stiffness of ECM. Risks related with rigid particles incorporation into ECM have been also iscussed.
Psychosocial and Economic Risks of Institutional Quarantine in a Low-Resource Setting: Experiences of Affected Persons during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Uganda
Authors: Nanfuka Esther Kalule , Kafuko Agatha , Nakanjako Rita , Ssenfuuma James Thomas , Turyomurugyendo Florence , Kasule Jingo
Published: August 2023

Institutional quarantine was one of the key public health measures used to control the spread of the COVID-19. Institutional quarantine has been associated with several psychosocial and economic risks to affected individuals. However, little is known about the psychosocial and economic risks it poses to affected persons in low-resource countries, since it is a relatively new strategy for controlling disease spread in these settings. This article provides insights into the economic and psychosocial risks encountered by affected persons in a low-resource context. We conducted narrative interviews with 20 adults placed under institutional quarantine to contain the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda. Institutional quarantine exposed affected persons to an intricate range of economic and psychosocial risks including loss of livelihoods and/or income, financial distress, fear, worry, anger, loneliness and stigma. The experience of specific risks was shaped by an intersection of individual and contextual factors. However, disregard for economic and social issues and shortcomings in the implementation of institutional quarantine contributed profoundly to the occurrence of risks. Integration of measures for identification and continuous management of the broad range of potential risks to individuals and bridging gaps in the implementation of institutional quarantine, may help to minimise associated economic and psychosocial risks.
Deciphering Genomic Regions and Putative Candidate Genes for Grain Size and Shape Traits in Durum Wheat through GWAS
Authors: Sesiz Uğur
Published: August 2023

Durum wheat is an economically and nutritionally important cereal. The increase in durum wheat yield is mostly associated with improving grain traits. The grain size and shape-related traits are directly related to wheat yield. In addition, grain size influences the seed germination rate and seedling vigour, which play key roles in stand establishment and yield. Thus, it is important to investigate grain traits both agro-morphologically and genetically. In this study, a panel of durum wheat, consisted of 146 genotypes, was evaluated for grain traits agro-morphologically, and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to dissect the genomic regions associated with these traits. As a result of GWAS, a total of 41 marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified on different chromosomes of durum wheat. Of these MTAs, only 11 were stable across environments. A BLAST search for flanking sequences of every stable MTAs in the Svevo genome identified 18 putative candidate genes directly associated with seed traits of different plants, particularly wheat seeds. In conclusion, the annotation results and literature information provide strong evidence that identified stable MTAs and their candidate genes may have important functions in the formation of wheat grain traits. After the validation of these MTAs with different fine-mapping and functional characterization studies, these loci may provide valuable information for geneticists and breeders to improve wheat yield.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A New Era of Treatment
Authors: Correia Vinicius Machado , Herling de Oliveira Lucas Lentini , Junior Vagner Madrini , Rocha Ruiza Gonçalves , O. Leguizamon Juliana Alzira Gonzales , Alves da Costa Leandro Menezes , Fernandes Fábio , Krieger José Eduardo , Soares Paulo Rogério , Scudeler Thiago Luis
Published: August 2023

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common form of cardiomyopathy, characterized by ventricular chamber dilatation and systolic dysfunction, in the absence of coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, valvular or congenital diseases. DCM is a heterogeneous group of disorders of the myocardium caused by genetic factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both. DCM affects mainly men aged between 20 and 50 years, being considered one of the main causes of heart failure (HF) and the main indication for heart transplantation. Guideline-based HF treatment is the mainstay of management for patients with DCM. In recent years, gene therapy and induced pluripotent stem cells have become promising strategies. In this review, we summarize the relevant clinical issues, and current treatment of DCM patients, including the role of genetic evaluation.
MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS SEKOLAH DALAM PENANAMAN KARAKTER DAN KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP BERKELANJUTAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nurlinda Safitri  , Arita Marini  , Maratun Nafiah
Published: August 2023

Manajemen lingkungan berbasis sekolah di Sekolah Dasar merupakan suatu sistem yang perlu dilaksanakan dalam upaya untuk membangun karakter serta kesadaran lingkungan hidup yang berkelanjutan di sekolah. Proses manajemen ini terdiri atas perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan serta pengawasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengintegrasikan proses manajemen lingkungan kedalam stakeholder sekolah di sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dengan metode studi dokumen. Hasil penelitain ini mengenai manajemen lingkungan berbasis sekolah dasar mampu diintegrasikan kepada stakeholder sekolah dalam rangka untuk menciptakan kesadaran lingkungan hidup berkelanjutan.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA CONGKLAK
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Nurasiah Iis , Khaleda Nurmeta Irna
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Low learning motivation, an unattractive learning atmosphere, loss of student focus while studying, and the learning media used are not innovative, making the learning outcomes of fourth grade students low . Efforts are being made to overcome this by applying the traditional congklak game-based learning method to learning mathematics. The expected goal of this research is to increase students' critical thinking skills which include planning, implementation, constraints, and results towards increasing students' critical thinking skills. This research was conducted using the Kemmis and Mc Taggart models. The findings from the research conducted show that the planning process is carried out by determining the TP, compiling teaching modules by applying the problem-based learning model using congklak media, and preparing research instruments. The implementation process is carrying out learning in accordance with the plans that have been prepared and data collection is carried out during the implementation process. The results obtained from the research show that students' critical thinking skills have increased from each cycle. In the first cycle, students' critical thinking skills reached an average percentage of 57.92% which was converted to the sufficient category, and in the second cycle, students' critical thinking skills achieved an average percentage of 75.97% which was converted to the good category.

Keyword : critical thinking, problem based learning, congklak
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI MEMBACA WAKTU MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BENDA NYATA PADA SISWA KELAS II SDN SUMBER KEJAYAN 01 KECAMATAN MAYANG
Authors: Mohamad Aldy Rozikin  , Putera Rafhi Febryan
Published: August 2023

Implementation of Learning Improvement is carried out because the achievement of student learning outcomes is still less than the KKM. This is because many students only pay attention, listen to explanations, absorb and accept the new information they receive, then record and memorize it and work on the practice questions given by the teacher. The author's goal in carrying out this research report is to improve student learning outcomes in grade II by implementing learning using real object media while reading material at SDN Sumber Kejayan 01. Assessment of learning activities is in the form of written tests and observations. The score sheet is in the form of individual scores, namely an increase in mastery results from cycle I with 14 students or 77.77% completeness, in cycle II it increases to 18 students or 100%. This shows an increase in mastery in the class has achieved mastery by using real object media.

 

Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Reading Time, Media, Real Objects
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN DASADARMA PRAMUKA DENGAN SIKAP YANG SESUAI NILAI PANCASILA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN SETIABUDI
Authors: Ismaturrohmah  , Zakiah Linda , Sumantri M. Syarif
Published: August 2023

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dasadarma pramuka dengan sikap yang sesuai nilai pancasila siswa kelas V sekolah dasar di kecamatan Setiabudi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan model korelasional. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas V di SDN Guntur 03 Pagi dan SDN Menteng Atas 14 Kecamatan Setiabudi. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui uji tes pengetahuan dasadarma dan mengisi kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian diperoleh yaitu berdasarkan uji koefisien korelasi r sebesar 0,278 dengan tingkat kategori korelasional yang rendah. Selain itu, hasil uji koefisien determinasi diperoleh sebesar 7,75%. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa variabel sikap yang sesuai nilai pancasila sebesar 7,75% ditentukan oleh variabel pengetahuan dasadarma pramuka. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan dasadarma pramuka memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan dengan sikap yang sesuai nilai pancasila pada siswa kelas V sekolah dasar  di SDN Guntur 03 Pagi dan SDN Menteng Atas 14.
PENGARUH METODE DRILL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN MINAT BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SD NEGERI 2 CENGAL KABUPATEN OKI
Authors: Khoirun Nisa Tia Heni , Kesumawati Nila , Dedy Adrianus
Published: August 2023

The influence of appropriate learning methods will affect student learning outcomes and attitudes shown especially in learning mathematics. This study aims to determine the effect of the drill method on learning outcomes and students' interest in learning mathematics at SD Negeri 2 Cengal. The population is 492 students with a sample of 60 students from class III.A and III.B. The research method used is the Quasi Experimental Design Method with the Posttest-Only Control Group Design type. The data collection techniques used were only tests and questionnaires. While the technique used to analyze the data is MANOVA (Multiple Analysis Of Variances). The results of this study indicate that there is a significant effect of the drill method on learning outcomes and students' interest in learning mathematics simultaneously. In addition, there is a significant correlation between learning outcomes and learning interest so that learning becomes active. The use of the right method is also the reason for active learning which is able to increase learning outcomes and interest in learning, one of which is the drill method which emphasizes training.

Keywords: Drill Method, Mathematics
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA CEPAT DAN PEMAHAMAN PADA SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI KARANG TENGAH 12 KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Salsabilah Salsabilah , Latifah Nur , Magdalena Ina
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the speed reading skills and comprehension of fourth grade students at Karang Tengah 12 Public Elementary School, Tangerang City. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques used are tests, observations, interviews and documentation. The subjects of this study were fourth grade students at Karang Tengah 12 Public Elementary School, Tangerang City. The results of this study indicate that almost all students' speed reading skills and comprehension are good, but there are some students whose reading skills are still lacking, namely in reading fluency, reading intonation, sentence use, punctuality, confidence, not being able to read text correctly and clearly, answering questions related to the text, explaining the meaning contained in the reading, interpreting difficult words in the reading text and transcribe information in reading.
Editorial
Authors:   Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição, Borges Nuno
Published: August 2023

O título, que devemos a William Shakespeare mas que se tornou mais conhecido graças à extraordinária novela de Aldous Huxley, publicada em 1932, inicia uma história num futuro distópico, onde os avanços científicos vão sendo usados para determinar uma sociedade totalmente controlada, onde cada membro pertence a uma hierarquia rígida e da qual não pode, nem pensa em, escapar. Serve este breve introito para enquadrar um dos artigos deste número 32 da Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição, da autoria de Mota e colaboradores, e onde é feita uma revisão sobre o papel das tecnologias digitais no tratamento das doenças do comportamento alimentar. As tecnologias abordadas no artigo são várias e apenas possíveis graças a avanços inimagináveis até há bem pouco tempo. Assim, são abordadas tecnologias desde as mensagens via telefone até à realidade virtual e conclui-se que, apesar de limitações nos estudos, os resultados até agora obtidos parecem ser promissores no tratamento, que sabemos difícil, deste grupo de doentes. A pandemia COVID-19 acelerou, indubitavelmente, alguns destes processos que podemos chamar globalmente de teleconsulta e proporcionou um salto quântico assinalável no uso destas tecnologias pelos profissionais de saúde, na qual se incluem, naturalmente, os Nutricionistas. Mas, exceto para os mais atentos a estes fenómenos, nada nos preparou para o aparecimento, em novembro de 2022, do site de Inteligência Artificial, Chat GPT, empresa norte-americana OpenAI. Cremos que nem a mente brilhante de Aldous Huxley podia prever um salto tão radical na tecnologia, que pelo menos para a generalidade das pessoas, ficou disponível de um dia para o outro. As consequências da sua disponibilização quase universal estão ainda muito longe de ser percebidas e abarcarão muitos (todos?) os setores da sociedade. Interessará aqui, no contexto de uma publicação científica como a Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição, começar a perceber qual o papel desta tecnologia no processo de publicação de artigos. Em janeiro deste ano de 2023, uma notícia no website da prestigiada revista britânica Nature dava conta, por exemplo, das dúvidas dos editores em considerarem este programa como autor de artigos científicos. Por outro lado, devido ao seu modo de funcionamento (simplisticamente, o programa “apenas” prevê a melhor sequência de palavras para uma determinada resposta), as pesquisas de artigos científicos feitas por esta via têm revelado uma taxa de falibilidade relativamente elevada e que legitima dúvidas acerca do seu uso indiscriminado por investigadores. Este é também um desafio acrescido para todos os que têm por missão manter uma publicação científica como esta, onde as facilidades proporcionadas pela inteligência artificial não podem comprometer o rigor científico exigido. Pela sua relevância, este é um tema ao qual certamente voltaremos neste espaço.
Tecnologias digitais no tratamento das perturbações do comportamento alimentar - revisão baseada na evidência
Authors:   Unidade de Saúde Familiar de Baião, Mota Daniela ,   Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição da Universidade do Porto, Carolina Monteiro Ana ,   Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição da Universidade do Porto, Sousa Jéssica ,   Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição da Universidade do Porto
Published: August 2023

Atualmente o uso da internet e da telemedicina no tratamento das alterações psicológicas tem aumentado exponencialmente, mostrando as mais variadas vantagens do uso da tecnologia digital em programas de prevenção e tratamento em saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho é perceber a utilização e efetividade das tecnologias digitais no tratamento dos doentes com Perturbações do Comportamento Alimentar. Para tal realizou-se uma pesquisa de artigos científicos em bases de dados relevantes do qual resultaram 27 artigos incorporados neste estudo. As tecnologias digitais, desde sites web, aplicações para smartphones, mensagens de texto por telemóvel ou e-mail e a realidade virtual podem ser usados no recrutamento, na autoajuda, na Terapia Cognitivo Comportamental e monitorização do tratamento nos doentes com Perturbações do Comportamento Alimentar, tendo-se revelado eficazes e úteis. Além disso são vistas pelos doentes como vantajosas e facilitadoras do processo de tratamento, porém necessitam ser aprimoradas e personalizadas a cada tipo de doente. No entanto, apesar dos benefícios comprovados, a ciência carece ainda de estudos que mostrem a eficácia do uso das novas tecnologias, especialmente nas Perturbações do Comportamento Alimentar.
Posterolateral Rotatory Instability Develops Following the Modified Kocher Approach and Does Not Resolve Following Interval Repair
Authors: Daniels Stephen D. , France Thomas J. , Peek Kacy J. , Tucker Nicholas J. , Baldini Todd , Catalano Louis W. , Lauder Alexander
Published: August 2023

Background:

The modified Kocher and extensor digitorum communis (EDC)-splitting intervals are commonly utilized to approach the lateral elbow. Iatrogenic injury to the lateral ulnar collateral ligament may result in posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI). in the present cadaveric study, we (1) evaluated lateral elbow stability following the use of these approaches and (2) assessed the accuracy of static lateral elbow radiographs as a diagnostic tool for PLRI.

Methods:

Ten matched-pair cadaveric upper-extremity specimens (n = 20) were randomly assigned to Kocher or EDC-splitting approaches. Specimens underwent evaluation pre-dissection, post-dissection, and following repair of the surgical interval. Clinical evaluation of lateral elbow stability was performed with the lateral pivot-shift maneuver. Radiographic radiocapitellar displacement was evaluated with the fully extended hanging arm test and on lateral elbow 30° flexion radiographs. Paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Bonferroni correction were utilized to compare groups.

Results:

All Kocher group specimens (10 of 10) developed PLRI on the pivot-shift maneuver following dissection. No EDC-splitting group specimens (0 of 10) developed instability with pivot-shift testing. The fully extended hanging arm test showed no difference in radiocapitellar displacement between groups (p > 0.008). Lateral elbow 30° flexion radiographs in the Kocher group showed an increased radiocapitellar displacement difference (mean, 8.46 mm) following dissection compared with the pre-dissection baseline (p < 0.008). Following repair of the Kocher interval, the radiocapitellar displacement (mean, 6.43 mm) remained greater than pre-dissection (mean, 2.26 mm; p < 0.008). In the EDC-splitting group, no differences were detected in radiocapitellar displacement on lateral elbow radiographs with either the fully extended hanging arm or lateral elbow 30° flexion positions.

Conclusions:

The Kocher approach produced PLRI that did not return to baseline conditions following repair of the surgical interval. The EDC-splitting approach did not cause elbow instability clinically or radiographically. The hanging arm test was not reliable for the detection of PLRI.

Clinical Relevance:

The Kocher interval for lateral elbow exposure results in iatrogenic PLRI that is not detectable on the hanging arm test and that does not return to baseline stability following repair of the surgical interval.
A Latent Change Score Approach to Understanding Chronic Bodily Pain Outcomes Following Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Riddle Daniel L. , Dumenci Levent
Published: August 2023

Background:

The extent to which chronic bodily pain changes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is unknown. We determined the extent of chronic bodily pain changes at 1 year following TKA.

Methods:

Data from our randomized trial of pain coping skills, which revealed no effect of the studied interventions, were used. The presence and severity of chronic pain in 16 body regions, excluding the surgically treated knee, were determined prior to and 1 year following surgery. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scale was used to quantify the extent of surgical knee pain. Latent change score (LCS) models were used to determine the extent to which true chronic bodily pain scores change after TKA.

Results:

The mean age of the sample of 367 participants was 63.4 ± 8.0 years, and 247 (67%) were female. LCS analyses showed significant 20% to 54% reductions in pain in the surgically treated lower limb (not including the surgically treated knee), pain in the non-surgically treated lower limb, and whole body pain. In bivariate LCS analyses, greater improvement in the WOMAC pain score, indicating surgical benefit of TKA, led to greater improvement in all 4 bodily pain areas beyond the surgically treated knee, even after controlling for the latent change in pain catastrophizing.

Conclusions:

Clinically important chronic bodily pain reductions occurred following TKA and may be causally linked to the surgical procedure. Reduction in chronic bodily pain in sites other than the surgically treated knee is an additional benefit of TKA.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.