bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Virtual Machine Scheduling Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Liang Bin , Liu Ruifeng , Dai Dongfeng
Published: May 2022

With the application of cloud computing services in more and more fields, it will undertake more computing tasks and storage tasks. The problem of high energy consumption in data centers will become more serious. Virtualization technology is very important in cloud computing, which can improve the utilization rate of resources. At the same time, it has flexibility in resource scheduling and can integrate multiple virtual machines to achieve power efficiency. Using online virtual machine migration technology for energy-saving planning in cloud environment is a hot research topic in academic circles. The scheduling strategy proposed in this paper can reduce the server downtime and the number of server hosts, so as to achieve the maximum use of resources. The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: Firstly, the energy consumption in the process of virtual machine energy-saving design is modeled, and the relationship between energy consumption and resource usage under different load conditions is analyzed, and the problems are abstracted, e.g., packaging box problem. Secondly, this paper uses genetic algorithm to solve the problem of high energy consumption. Finally, based on the target allocation scheme of virtual machines obtained by the above method, the migration problem of virtual machines is abstracted as the problem of finding the maximum weighted independent set of graphs. And a greedy algorithm is designed to solve this problem. In this paper, CloudSim simulation platform is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can reduce data energy consumption and avoid frequent migration of virtual machines.
Evaluation Model of Eco-Environmental Economic Benefit Based on the Fuzzy Algorithm
Authors: Gao Ming , Lu Xiaojing
Published: May 2022

With the development of an ecological civilization gaining increasing attention in our country, an analysis of the environmental and economic impacts of all aspects of life has been developed gradually. However, because the study on the environmental and economic benefits of the tailwater diversion project is a weak link, the discussion on the environmental and economic benefits of the tailwater diversion project is novel. The variable fuzzy evaluation model is used to evaluate the comprehensive environmental and economic benefits of tailwater diversion engineering, in order to facilitate the exploration and application of tailwater diversion engineering. Simultaneously, by evaluating the method using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy optimum seeking method, linear comprehensive fuzzy optimization, average comprehensive fuzzy optimization, and variable fuzzy pattern recognition model of optimizing method, the results demonstrate that the method not only can be used to plan optimization but can also provide a good evaluation for each program, the result is reasonable and reliable, and applicable to the comprehensive benefits of water resource management.
Development and Research of Computer-Aided English-Chinese Translation System Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Programming
Authors: Li Jianyong
Published: May 2022

This study combines particle swarm optimization programming and computer-aided translation to model English-Chinese translation and designs a computer-aided English-Chinese translation system with a particle swarm optimization algorithm as a collaborative evolutionary strategy. The system is refined into a user environment model, userspace adjustment, network optimization judgment scheme, multi-intelligent body position adjustment scheme, and particle swarm optimization algorithm; the fitness function, particle structure, population structure, and particle update strategy particle swarm algorithm are designed. In this study, we propose to improve the system of the Seq2seq model and offer the conversion layer. In the existing Seq2seq model, the source language sequence generates a representation vector through the encoder. Then the representation vector is directly used as the initial state of the decoder to generate the target language sequence. The application of computer-aided translation software to study abroad text translation is a brand-new attempt worth exploring. To improve translation speed and efficiency of study abroad texts, this study explores the practical process of using CAT software-assisted text translation, summarizes the translation practice, and puts forward relevant suggestions by analyzing the operation steps and problems that arise in the three stages of retranslation, translation, and posttranslation. It is found that computer-aided software is applicable to improve the translation efficiency of texts to a certain extent.
Minocycline plus Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cement Might Be A Promising Alternative for Acute Pulpitis
Authors: Song Hongning , Lei Yintao , Xing Zaichen , Liu Min
Published: May 2022

Objective. To investigate the clinical effect of minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement in the treatment of acute pulpitis and its effect on the levels of HIF-1α, Bcl-2, and tumor necrosis factor α. Methods. A total of 286 patients with acute pulpitis who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were recruited and assigned (1 : 1) via random number table method to receive either minocycline (control group) or minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement (study group). Outcome measures included treatment effect, tooth mobility, tooth percussion pain score, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and B-lymphocyte tumor (Bcl)-2 positive rate, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Results. Minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement was associated with significantly lower scores of teeth mobility and percussion pain versus minocycline alone (

p
<
0.05

). Minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement resulted in a significantly higher treatment efficacy (97.20%) versus minocycline alone (72.73%) (

p
<
0.05

). Minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement was associated with significantly lower positive rates of HIF-1α and Bcl-2 and lower levels of TNF-α versus minocycline alone (

p
<
0.05

). The patients receiving minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement showed significantly lower visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and faster pain relief versus those given minocycline alone (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Minocycline plus zinc oxide eugenol cement offers a viable alternative for acute pulpitis as it mitigates the pain of patients, alleviates inflammatory responses, and lowers the positive rate of HIF-1α and Bcl-2, so it is worthy of clinical promotion.
Mechanism of Peitu Shengjin Formula Shenlingbaizhu Powder in Treating Bronchial Asthma and Allergic Colitis through Different Diseases with Simultaneous Treatment Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zeng Liying , Sun Shaodan , Chen Peiwen , Ye Qina , Lin Xiaoling , Wan Hongjun , Cai Yawen , Chen Xiaogang
Published: May 2022

Background. Shenlingbaizhu powder (SLBZP), one of the classic Earth-cultivating and gold-generating prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat various diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of SLBZP on bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic colitis (AC) remain to be elucidated. Methods. Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were used to explore the potential mechanism of SLBZP in treating BA and AC with the simultaneous treatment of different diseases. The potential active compounds of SLBZP and their corresponding targets were obtained from BATMAN-TCM, ETCM, SymMap TCM@TAIWAN, and TCMSP databases. BA and AC disease targets were collected through DisGeNET, TTD, GeneCards, PharmGKB, OMIM, NCBI, The Human Phenotype Ontology, and DrugBank databases. Common targets for drugs and diseases were screened by using the bioinformatics and evolutionary genomics platform. The analyses and visualizations of Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of common targets were carried out by R software. The key targets were screened by using the plug-in “cytoHubba” of Cytoscape software, and the “active compound-key target” network was constructed. Molecular docking analysis was performed using AutoDock software. The miRTarBase database was used to predict microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting key targets, and the key target-miRNA network was constructed. Result. Through screening, 246 active compounds and 281 corresponding targets were obtained. Common targets were mainly enriched in 2933 biological processes and 182 signal pathways to play the role of treating BA and AC. There were 131 active compounds related to key targets. The results of molecular docking showed that the important active compounds in SLBZP had good binding ability with the key targets. The key target-miRNA network showed that 94 miRNAs were predicted. Conclusion. SLBZP has played the role of treating different diseases with the same treatment on BA and AC through the characteristics of multicompound, multitarget, and multipathway of traditional Chinese medicine, which provides a theoretical basis for explaining the mechanism and clinical application of SLBZP treating different diseases with the same treatment in BA and AC.
The Effect of Physical Exercise on the Elderly’s Anxiety: Based on Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Feilong , Zhang Junling , Yang Haiying , Jiang Juan
Published: May 2022

Purpose. Based on meta-analysis to explore the effect of physical exercise on relieving the anxiety of the elderly. Methods. The retrieval time was published in the domestic and foreign literatures on the effect of physical exercise on the anxiety of the elderly published from 2005 to 2021. The random effects model was used to evaluate the mean standard deviation of the scores of the intervention group on reducing the anxiety level of the elderly before and after the test. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles were screened, quality evaluated, and data extracted, and the literature was meta-analyzed by RevMan5.3. Results. In meta-analysis and systematic review, 17 papers finally met the inclusion criteria. After sensitivity analysis, the random effects model (

MD
=
8.00

, 95% CI (6.90, 9.10),

Z
=
14.23

(

P
<
0.00001

)) and the fixed effects model (

MD
=
7.71

, 95% CI (6.98, 8.43),

Z
=
20.72

(

P
<
0.00001

)) show that physical exercise has a positive and significant effect on the anxiety of the elderly. Conclusion. Physical exercise plays an important role in reducing the anxiety of the elderly. Therefore, regular physical exercise can be regarded as part of the elderly pension plan, but more high-quality research is needed to further explore the impact of physical exercise on elderly anxiety.
Research on Intelligent Mapping Algorithm of Secure Virtual Network under Cloud Computing
Authors: Niu Xiaoqiang , Lan Hao , Zeng Dan
Published: May 2022

In order to improve the mapping efficiency of network intelligent mapping algorithm, this paper proposes a secure virtual network intelligent mapping algorithm under cloud computing. Firstly, the network virtualization technology is analyzed, and a network virtualization example diagram is proposed. Then the energy consumption model and network load model of virtual network mapping problem are constructed to analyze the mapping reliability. Finally, the virtual network mapping strategy is optimized by cloud computing technology to realize the research on intelligent mapping algorithm of secure virtual network under cloud computing. Experimental results show that the percentage of nodes used by the proposed algorithm is much lower than that of other mapping algorithms compared, and the energy consumption is about 8100RMB/h at 60,000 unit time point, which is much lower than that of other methods, indicating that the proposed algorithm has high mapping efficiency.
Analysis of Multifactor-Driven Myopia Disease Modules to Guide Personalized Treatment and Drug Development
Authors: Liu Shiliang , Li Fei
Published: May 2022

Myopia is recognized as a multifactor, multicascade complex disease. However, people still know little about the pathogenesis of myopia. Therefore, we aim to guide the personalized treatment, drug research, and development of myopia. Here, based on the interaction network of myopia-related genes, this study constructed a multifactor-driven myopia disease module map. We first identified differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in myopia. Then, we constructed a myopia-related protein interaction network targeted by these DE miRNAs. Further, we clustered the network into modules and identified module-driven factors, including ncRNAs and transcription factors. Especially, miR-16-5p and miR-34b-5p significantly differentially expressed drive the pathogenic module to influence the progression of myopia. At the same time, transcription factors were involved in myopia-related functions and pathways by regulating the expression of genes in modules, such as Ctnnb1, Myc, and Notch1. In addition, we identified 43 genes in modules that played key roles in the development and progression of myopia such as Vamp2, Egfr, and Wasl. Finally, we constructed a comprehensive multifactor-driven myopia pathogenic module landscape and predicted potential drug and drug targets for myopia. In general, our work not only provided candidates for biological experiments which laid the foundation for the in-depth study of myopia but also has a high reference value for the personalized treatment of myopia and drug development.
Early Diagnosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke by Brain Computed Tomography Perfusion Imaging Combined with Head and Neck Computed Tomography Angiography on Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Yang Yi , Yang Jinjun , Feng Jiao , Wang Yi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the research was to discuss the application values of deep learning algorithm‐based computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging combined with head and neck computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of ultra‐early acute ischemic stroke. Firstly, 88 patients with acute ischemic stroke were selected as the research objects and performed with cerebral CTP and CTA examinations. In order to improve the effect of image diagnosis, a new deconvolution network model AD‐CNNnet based on deep learning was proposed and used in patient CTP image evaluation. The results showed that the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) and feature similarity (FSIM) of the AD‐CNNnet method were significantly higher than those of traditional methods, while the normalized mean square error (NMSE) was significantly lower than that of traditional algorithms (P < 0.05). 80 cases were positive by CTP‐CTA, including 16 cases of hyperacute ischemic stroke and 64 cases of acute ischemic stroke. The diagnostic sensitivity was 93.66%, and the specificity was 96.18%. The cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and the mean transit time (MTT) in the infarcted area were significantly greater than those in the corresponding healthy side area, and the time to peak (TTP) was significantly less than that in the corresponding healthy side area (P < 0.05). The cerebral perfusion parameters CBF, TTP, and MTT in the penumbra were significantly different from those in the infarct central area and the corresponding contralateral area, and TTP was the most sensitive (P < 0.05). To sum up, deep learning algorithm‐based CTP combined with CTA could find the location of cerebral infarction lesions as early as possible to provide a reliable diagnostic result for the diagnosis of ultra‐early acute ischemic stroke.
An Improved Image Processing Based on Deep Learning Backpropagation Technique
Authors: Gao Yang , Tian Yue
Published: May 2022

In terms of image processing, encryption plays the main role in the field of image transmission. Using one algorithm of deep learning (DL), such as neural network backpropagation, increases the performance of encryption by learning the parameters and weights derived from the image itself. The use of more than one layer in the neural network improves the performance of the algorithm. Also, in the process of image encryption, randomness is an important component, especially when used by smart learning methods. Deep neural networks are related to pixels used to manipulate position and value according to the predicted new value given from a variable neural system. It also includes messy encrypted images used via applying randomness and increasing the key space in addition to using the logistic and Henon map for complexity. The main goal of any encryption method is to increase the complexity of the encrypted image to be difficult or impossible to decrypt the image without the proposed key. One of the important measurements for image encryption is the histogram and how it can be uniformed by the proposed method. Variables of randomness are used as features for the deep learning system, with feedback during iteration. An ideal image processing encryption yields high messy images by keeping the quality. Experimental results showed the backpropagation algorithm achieved better results than other algorithms.
Paeoniflorin Can Improve Acute Lung Injury Caused by Severe Acute Pancreatitis through Nrf2/ARE Pathway
Authors: Hu Yanyan , Yang Wei
Published: May 2022

Objective. To evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of paeoniflorin on acute lung injury induced by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and to initially explore the possible protective mechanisms of paeoniflorin. Method. The SAP lung injury rat model was established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate to the cholangiopancreatic duct. H&E staining was used to detect pathological changes in rat lung tissue. W/D ratio method, serum amylase (AMY), and lipase activity were used to assess the degree of lung injury in rats. Oxidation indicators such as LDH, MDA, and SOD in lung tissue were measured. Levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). At the same time, Western blot was used to detect the expression of related proteins in the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Results. In SAP rats, paeoniflorin treatment could significantly alleviate lung injury conditions such as pulmonary edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue and reduce serum amylase and lipase activities. Paeoniflorin can reduce the content of LDH and MDA in lung tissue and increase the content of SOD. In addition, ELISA results showed that paeoniflorin could inhibit the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF and upregulate the levels of IL-10. Paeoniflorin could upregulate the expression of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway proteins Cyt-Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 in lung tissue of SAP rats. Conclusion. Paeoniflorin may improve acute lung injury in rats with severe pancreatitis by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress response. These effects may be related to activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
Selection of Desalination System for Commercial Vessels by Implementing Improved Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS Method
Authors: Nazligul Yunus Emre , Yazir Devran , Sahin Bekir
Published: May 2022

The process of desalination of seawater on commercial vessels is a vital event in the daily life of the crew. As a result of the rapid developments in ballast water treatment operations, the question of whether ballast water treatment systems can be used as the main desalination system in the daily life of the crew on commercial vessels has been raised. This study introduces the current desalination systems on commercial vessels and their evaluation criteria. According to the literature and our professional industrial research, there are three most suitable alternatives such as “freshwater generator,” “reverse osmosis method,” and “attaching additional membrane filter to mechanical and ultraviolet (UV) ballast water treatment system.” Similarly, the evaluation criteria are determined as “installation cost of the system,” “operational cost of the system,” “risk of the system polluting the environment,” “risk of the system harming the human health,” “ease of repair and maintenance of the system,” “ease of use of the system,” and “ease of installing the system on the ship.” Due to the need for field expertise, we conducted several rounds of expert consultations. The novelty of this study is twofold. First, we improved the intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS (IF-TOPSIS) method by extending an expert prioritization technique. We also used an intuitionistic fuzzy scale for the expert weights. Second, as far as we know, this is the first study that employs an improved IF-TOPSIS method for desalination systems on commercial vessels. Moreover, we compared the proposed method and other methods to analyze the results. Results show that “freshwater generator” is more promising than “attaching additional membrane filter to mechanical and UV ballast water treatment system” that is prior to “reverse osmosis method.” This study helps the users and authorities understand the evaluation and select the desalination systems.
Renal Interstitial Invasion by Group A Streptococcus: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Lomanta Francis , Upadhyayula Shankar
Published: May 2022

We report the case of a 5-year-old who had interstitial invasion of his kidneys with group A Streptococcus (GAS). Glomeruli and tubules were relatively preserved. He recovered from this event and was admitted a couple of months later with dilated cardiomyopathy needing a heart transplant. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of direct invasion of renal interstitium by GAS.
Traumatic Lens Dislocation in an Eye with Anterior Megalophthalmos
Authors: AlGhadeer Huda
Published: May 2022

Anterior megalophthalmos is a rare, bilateral, nonprogressive, hereditary, congenital disorder characterized by the enlargement of all anterior segment structures of the eye, with megalocornea, iris atrophy, and zonular abnormalities. We report a case of an 8-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with a history of visual loss after a blunt ocular trauma to the left eye. The patient presented with markedly enlarged corneas and deepened anterior chambers bilaterally. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was hand motion in the left eye. An additional examination revealed multiple anterior segment abnormalities, leading to the diagnosis of megalophthalmos and lens dislocation in the anterior chamber. The patient underwent a lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy in the left eye. At six months postoperatively, the BCVA was 20/200 in the left eye. Lens dislocation in patients with megalocornea is rare. Cataract surgery in these patients requires attention to the zonular abnormalities and lens enlargement, resulting in increased rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Ophthalmologists should be able to diagnose this rare disorder and manage the associations and complications.
CoySvM-(GeD): Coyote Optimization-Based Support Vector Machine Classifier for Cancer Classification Using Gene Expression Data
Authors: Reddy S. Sai Satyanarayana , Kumar Ashwani , Ghafoor Kayhan Zrar , Bhardwaj Ved Prakash , Manoharan S.
Published: May 2022

Cancer, by any means, is a significant cause of death worldwide. In the analysis of cancer disease, the classification of different tumor types is very important. This test initiates an attitude to the classification of cancer through the data in gene expression by modeling the support vector machine. Genetic material expression data of individual tumor types is designed by the SVM classifier, which tends to increase the potential of genetic data. Feature selection has long been considered a practical standard since its introduction in the field, and numerous feature selection methods have been used in an effort to reduce the input dimension while enhancing the classification performance. The proposed optimization has pertained to the gene expression data that selects the fusion factors for the hybrid kernel function in the SVM classifier and the genes as informative for cancer classification. The analysis of cancer classification is performed using colon cancer and breast cancer, and the performance of CoySVM is tested by taking the measures as precision, recall, and F-measure, and it achieves 87.598%, 95.669%, and 98.088% for colon cancer in addition to 93.647%, 92.984%, and 95% for breast cancer. It shows the best performance due to its highest classification in selected measures than the conventional methods.
Bellidifolin Inhibits SRY-Related High Mobility Group-Box Gene 9 to Block TGF-β Signalling Activation to Ameliorate Myocardial Fibrosis
Authors: Yao Ting-Ting , Yang Hong-Xia , Sun Jia-Huan , Zhang Yue , Zhang Yu , Song Qiu-Hang , Liu Wei-Zhe , Zhang Juan-Juan , Li Ai-Ying
Published: May 2022

Myocardial fibrosis is the main morphological change of ventricular remodelling caused by cardiovascular diseases, mainly manifested due to the excessive production of collagen proteins. SRY-related high mobility group-box gene 9 (SOX9) is a new target regulating myocardial fibrosis. Bellidifolin (BEL), the active component of G. acuta, can prevent heart damage. However, it is unclear whether BEL can regulate SOX9 to alleviate myocardial fibrosis. The mice were subjected to isoproterenol (ISO) to establish myocardial fibrosis, and human myocardial fibroblasts (HCFs) were activated by TGF-β1 in the present study. The pathological changes of cardiac tissue were observed by HE staining. Masson staining was applied to reveal the collagen deposition in the heart. The measurement for expression of fibrosis-related proteins, SOX9, and TGF-β1 signalling molecules adopted Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of BEL on HCFs, activity were detected by CCK-8. The result showed that BEL did not affect cell viability. And, the data indicated that BEL inhibited the elevations in α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III by decreasing SOX9 expression. Additionally, SOX9 suppression by siRNA downregulated the TGF-β1 expression and prevented Smad3 phosphorylation, as supported by reducing the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III. In vivo study verified that BEL ameliorated myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting SOX9. Therefore, BEL inhibited SOX9 to block TGF-β1 signalling activation to ameliorate myocardial fibrosis.
Numerical Study on Seepage of Chemical Grout Flow in Rock Fracture under Temperature Field
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhang Chenhao , Lin Yifeng , Li Yuanhai , He Lei
Published: May 2022

Grouting technology is widely used to improve the mechanical properties and reduce the permeability of the rock in underground engineering. Fluidity is important to promote the grout to be injected into longer fractures, so chemical grouts with low viscosity and adjustable gel time are usually chosen to increase this property. However, the high temperature in some deep engineering leads to a faster hydration rate of the chemical grout than that in the room temperature environment, resulting in the decrease of fluidity. The heat exchange between the grout and the environment is usually ignored in the existing researches, so the aim of the numerical study is therefore to analyse the seepage process of chemical grout in the temperature field, where heat exchange between the grout and environment is considered. A sandstone model with a fracture is established in COMSOL, which is validated using laboratory experiments to confirm the accuracy of the results. The grouting time rises exponentially with the increasing of the flow distance in a single fracture, and a higher environmental temperature leads to a larger grouting time because the gap in the viscosity of the grout at different temperatures enlarges with the increasing hydration time. The effect of the temperature field on the grouting time becomes more significant when the temperature is higher and the hydration time is longer because the viscosity of the grout rises more slowly. The grouting time reduces dramatically when injection pressure is raised because an increasing pressure results in a larger aperture and less hydration time, which is one of the best ways to improve the efficiency of the grouting. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the seepage process of chemical grout in fractures under high temperature and provide guidance for the selection of chemical grout in grouting engineering.
Neural Network-Based Beam Pumper Model Optimization
Authors: Feng Dehua , Qi Yaoguang , Yu Yanqun , Zhu Hongying
Published: May 2022

Beam pumper is the earliest and most popular rod pumper driven by surface dynamic transmission devices. Drawing on modern theories and methods of industrial model design, the model optimization of beam pumper could promote the diversity, serialization, standardization, generalization, precision balance, and energy reduction of beam pumper design. Therefore, this study tries to optimize the model of beam pumper based on a neural network. Specifically, the system efficiency of beam pumper was decomposed, the surface and downhole working efficiencies were analyzed, and the model optimization flow was explained for beam pumper. Then, a radial basis function (RBF) neural network was established and trained by the sample data on beam pumper model. Besides, the mapping between model parameters and the optimization objective (system efficiency) was constructed. Moreover, the authors summed up the model optimization contents of beam pumper and predicted the relevant parameters of model optimization. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.
Acute Transient Encephalopathy after Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Rosso Michela , Anziska Yaacov , Levine Steven R.
Published: May 2022

Although mRNA vaccine responses following previous coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection have not been assessed in trials, it has been shown that serological evidence of previous COVID-19 generates strong humoral and cellular responses to one dose of mRNA vaccine. We describe a patient with prior COVID-19 infection who developed acute transient encephalopathy with elevated inflammatory markers within 24 h of her first injection of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. A 69-year-old cognitively normal woman presented with intermittent inattention, disorientation, left/right confusion, weakness, gait instability, and decreased speech. Head CT, brain MRI and MRA, complete blood count, liver enzymes, hepatitis B serology, ammonia, thyroid function, vitamin B12, and pulse oximetry were normal. Electroencephalography performed 48 h after symptom onset showed diffuse triphasic waves, diffuse theta and delta slowing, and no posterior dominant rhythm. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG was positive and inflammatory markers were elevated. On day 5 post-vaccine, she returned to her baseline, without neurological sequelae. The reported patient likely developed a transient inflammatory encephalopathy associated with an abnormal immunologic reaction to one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, in the setting of remote COVID-19 infection (1 year prior), SARS-CoV-2 IgG-positivity, and multiple comorbidities. Physicians should be alert to possible postvaccination reactogenicity in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 IgG-positivity, including risk of neuro-inflammation.
Acne Fulminans Induced by Lymecycline in a Patient with Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Case Report
Authors: Trave Ilaria , Micalizzi Claudia , Molle Mattia , Castelli Riccardo , Cozzani Emanuele , Parodi Aurora
Published: May 2022

Acne fulminans (AF) is a rare and severe form of inflammatory acne that typically occurs in male adolescents with acne vulgaris and is characterized by the sudden onset of painful, bleeding, and ulcerated lesions. It has been described very rarely in association with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Its onset may be induced by drugs, particularly isotretinoin. We present a case of a 16-year-old patient with HS who developed AF following initiation of antibiotic therapy with lymecycline. In the literature, only 2 patients who developed a coexistence of AF and HS have been reported, and there are only 2 other similar cases of AF induced by doxycycline and lymecycline. We consider our case to be of particular interest not only because of the very rare concomitant presence of AF and HS but also because AF was induced by lymecycline, a drug commonly used to treat both acne and HS, and described only once as a drug responsible for AF, so it is an aspect that deserves to be considered by the clinician dealing with similar conditions.
Hydrocephalus and Growth Retardation: A Fetal RNU4ATAC-opathy Missed by Whole-Exome Sequencing
Authors: Chen Yong-Shan , He Jie-Fu , Quan Tao , Li Shu-Bin , Li Dong-Zhi
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is becoming widely available in prenatal diagnosis. However, as with most scientific methods, WES also has its limitations. The aim of the study was to report a fetal case of RNU4ATAC-opathy which was missed by prenatal WES. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old healthy primigravida was revealed by ultrasound at 20 + 3 weeks of gestation to have a fetus with ventriculomegaly (left 15.1 mm/right 11.9 mm), hypoplastic vermis, and mild growth retardation. Chromosomal microarray analysis and trio WES failed to detect a pathogenic copy number variation and sequence variant. A repeat ultrasound at 23 + 3 weeks showed worsened growth delay and hydrocephalus (left 20.3 mm/right 11.0 mm) with vermis hypoplasia and agenesis of corpus callosum. Further study with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) detected 2 missense mutations of the noncoding RNU4ATAC (NR_023343.1) gene, n.51G>A (rs188343279) and n.16G>A (rs750325275), in the fetus, which were inherited from the father and mother, respectively. Discussion: Our study highlights the limitation of WES. WGS might be a clinical option for patients who have a structurally abnormal fetus tested negative by WES.
A Study of Voice Handicap and Acoustic Measures in Arab Kuwaiti Prospective Professional Singers
Authors: AlBustan Sana Ahmad , Marie Basem , Darawsheh Wesam , Natour Yaser
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Despite its clinical significance, few studies have explored the applicability of the validated Arabic version of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI-Arab) in professional voice users, especially singers. The correlation between VHI-Arab scores and acoustic measures in this targeted group remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore Arab Kuwaiti prospective professional singers’ perception of voice handicap using the validated VHI-Arab. Additionally, we examined the association between VHI-Arab scores and acoustic measures such as fundamental frequency (F0), shimmer, jitter, and signal-to-noise ratio. Methods: VHI-Arab scores and acoustic measures of 100 adult prospective professional singers (50 females and 50 males) were compared with those of 100 adult controls (50 females and 50 males). Results: Female prospective professional singers differed significantly from female controls in terms of functional and physical subscale scores, total VHI-Arab scores, and shimmer and jitter values. Male prospective professional singers showed significant differences neither in VHI-Arab scores nor in acoustic measures; however, their shimmer values showed significant a difference. There was no correlation between VHI-Arab scores and acoustic measures. Conclusion: Kuwaiti prospective professional singers did not perceive their voice as handicapped. Female prospective professional singers had a better perception of their voice compared with female controls. The results of the current study suggest that the perception of voice handicap and acoustic measures are different attributes that do not correlate.
Emerging New Therapeutics for Retinoblastoma
Authors: Raval Vishal , Parulekar Manoj , Singh Arun D.
Published: May 2022

Background: Over the last few decades, chemotherapy has become the main treatment of retinoblastoma, delivered through various routes: intravenous, intra-arterial, and intravitreal. Despite its efficacy, chemotherapy-related toxicity (ocular and systemic) and recurrences due to resistant tumor clones are common, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic agents. Summary: Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular drivers of Rb1 tumorigenesis and mechanisms of tumor resistance have afforded opportunities to explore novel targets such as the MDMX-p53 pathway (nutlin-3), histone deacetylase inhibitors, spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and genetic and immune modulatory drugs. In this review, we discuss the limitations of current therapeutic strategies, candidate cellular pathways, current evidence for newer targeted drugs, and offer a look toward the future. Key Messages: Advances in the understanding of the molecular drivers of the RB pathway have provided opportunities to explore novel drugs with targeted effects, improved bioavailability, and reduced chemotoxicity.
Characteristics of Childhood Onset and Post-Puberty Onset Obesity and Weight Regain after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Japanese Subjects: A Subgroup Analysis of J-SMART
Authors: Watanabe Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Takashi , Tanaka Sho , Sasaki Akira , Naitoh Takeshi , Matsubara Hisahiro , Yokote Koutaro , Okazumi Shinichi , Ugi Satoshi , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Ohta Masayuki , Ishigaki Yasushi , Kasama Kazunori , Seki Yosuke , Tsujino Motoyoshi , Shirai Kohji , Miyazaki Yasuhiro , Masaki Takayuki , Nagayama Daiji , Saiki Atushito , Tatsuno Ichiro
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The psychosocial background of subjects with severe obesity developed from childhood onset obesity (CO) and their outcomes after bariatric surgery have not been fully investigated. Methods: 305 subjects were enrolled in the J-SMART study, which examined the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in Japan, and categorized into two groups: CO defined as onset up to 13 years of age (CO group) and post-puberty onset obesity defined as onset after 13 years of age (PPO group). The subjects were followed up for at least 2 years and up to 5 years after LSG. Changes in physical parameters and remission of obesity-related comorbidities were assessed at 2 years after LSG. Weight regain (WR) was also assessed by evaluating the nadir weight after LSG and maximum weight thereafter during follow-up period. Results: The mean postoperative follow-up period was 3.0 ± 1.1 years. 40.0% of the subjects had CO and these subjects had higher BMI and HOMA-β and lower age, HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, and visceral/subcutaneous fat area ratio compared to those with PPO. The CO group was also characterized by having higher rates of mental retardation, developmental disorders, and obesity in either parent and lower rate of marriage compared to the PPO group. Two years after LSG, there were no differences in total weight loss and remission rates of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and sleep apnea syndrome between the two groups, although remission rate of hypertension was higher in the CO group. The CO group also had a higher rate of WR after LSG than the PPO group, with CO, BMI, mental disorder, and binge eating contributing to WR. Conclusion: This study suggests that CO might be associated with genetic and psychosocial factors. CO and PPO probably differ in pathogenesis and may require different treatment strategies.
Regularização fundiária e regimes de conhecimento: notas sobre o sul do estado do Amazonas (Brasil)
Authors: Peggion Edmundo Antonio
Published: May 2022

Com o presente artigo, busca-se uma reflexão acerca dos processos de regularização fundiária nos quais diferentes formas de conhecimento entrecruzam-se. O ponto de partida é um conjunto de experiências relativas a estudos de identificação de terras indígenas no sul do estado do Amazonas. A intenção é problematizar a grafia de distintas leituras de contextos. Se de um lado o antropólogo deve redigir um relatório que contenha um mapa com os limites de uma terra indígena, de outro deve compreender a confluência de relações constitutivas de um coletivo e seu lugar. Se a produção de um texto e de um mapa são pensados para futuras leituras (jurídicas e antropológicas), os registros dos lugares, pautados em eventos que conjugam socialidade e sociabilidade, são também uma forma de linguagem.
Parentes especiais, relações Karitiana
Authors: Araújo Íris Morais
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo exploro aspectos relacionados aos parentes chamados de osikirip (termo traduzido como especiais, em português) pelos indígenas Karitiana. Tento compreender o que os distingue dos demais parentes: a especificidade de seus corpos e de seu comportamento. Em seguida, discuto duas explicações para a existência dessas pessoas: a raiva da mulher pelo marido na gravidez e a falta de cuidado de ambos ao usar as vacinas do mato no recém-nascido. Tal displicência gera o estado popopo (traduzido, a depender do contexto, como bêbado, louco e como morto) que, por sua vez, também pode transformar o Karitiana em especial. Discuto, ainda, sobre a adesão do grupo aos medicamentos psicotrópicos, receitados pelos médicos aos especiais. Sugiro que o uso dos remédios não indígenas não implica na ausência de especificidades na reflexão e nas práticas do grupo a respeito desses parentes osikirip.
On the identity of Cacopsylla nasuta (Horváth, 1904) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
Authors: LASHKARI MOHAMMADREZA , BURCKHARDT DANIEL , MANZARI SHAHAB
Published: May 2022

Cacopsylla nasuta (Horváth), which is newly recorded from Iran, is redescribed based on specimens collected on Hippophae rhamnoides. The species is morphologically similar to but distinct from Cacopsylla hippophaes (Foerster). Morphological characters are discussed for separating the two taxa. It is concluded that C. nasuta is restricted to the mountain ranges of Iran, Central Asia, Siberia and probably the Caucasus, and C. hippophaes to Europe. Probably all previous records of C. hippophaes from Asia concern C. nasuta. Specimens from Afghanistan and Turkey, provisionally referred to C. nasuta, are not conspecific with specimens from Iran.
Meeting the Drought Information Needs of Midwest Perennial Specialty Crop Producers
Authors: Haigh Tonya R. , Otkin Jason A. , Woloszyn Molly , Todey Dennis , Felkley Charlene
Published: May 2022

Agricultural production in the U.S. Midwest is vulnerable to drought, and specialty crop producers are an underserved audience for monitoring information and decision-support tools. We investigate the decision-making needs of apple, grape, and cranberry growers using a participatory process to develop crop-specific decision calendars. The process highlights growers’ decisions and information needs during the winter dormant, growing, harvest, and postharvest seasons. Apple, grape, and cranberry growers tend to be concerned with the effects of short-term drought on current crop quality and quantity, while also considering the long-term drought effect on the health of perennial plants and future years’ production. We find gaps in drought information particularly for tactical and strategic decision-making. We describe the use of decision calendars to identify points of entry for existing drought monitoring resources and tools, and to highlight where additional research and tool development is needed.

Significance Statement

While drought causes agricultural losses in the U.S. Midwest, more is known about the impacts and decision-support needs of commodity row crop growers in the region than those of perennial specialty crop growers. We find opportunities for climate information providers to tailor drought information delivery to perennial fruit growers according to the season, the parameters that are relevant to their decisions, and the timeframe of information needed for operational, tactical, and strategic decision-making.
Ocean Tides near Hawaii from Satellite Altimeter Data. Part II
Authors: Wang Yuzhe , Zhang Yibo , Xu Minjie , Wang Yonggang , Lv Xianqing
Published: May 2022

In Part I, the Chebyshev polynomial fitting (CPF) method has been proved to be effective to construct reliable cotidal charts for the eight major tidal constituents (M2, S2, K1, O1, N2, K2, P1, and Q1) near Hawaii and yields accurate results which are consistent with the Finite Element Solutions 2014 (FES2014), National Astronomical Observatory 99b (NAO.99b), and TPXO9 models. In this paper, the method is extended to estimate the harmonic constants of some minor tidal constituents. The mesoscale variation correction is applied to tidal elevations from satellite altimeters to eliminate the potential influence of background mesoscale ocean noise when estimating minor tidal constituents. This correction is necessary and makes the amplitude ratio between P1 and K1 constituents more consistent with the equilibrium tidal theory. Compared with the harmonic constants directly extracted from satellite altimeter data, FES2014 and NAO.99b yield mean root-mean-square (RMS) errors of 0.238 and 0.226 cm, respectively, while CPF method yields a mean RMS error of 0.210 cm, causing a 7%–12% decrease in the RMS error. At the crossover points between ascending and descending tracks, the decrease of RMS errors becomes 15%–18%. The accuracy of this method is also validated by comparing the estimated harmonic constants with those derived from tidal gauges and bottom-pressure recorders. These results indicate that the CPF method is also effective for estimating harmonic constants of minor tidal constituents. More importantly, the CPF method can obtain the harmonic constants of minor tidal constituents directly from satellite altimeter data, instead of being inferred via admittance theory.

Significance Statement

Ocean tides originate from the gravitational attraction of the sun and moon. Among the large number of tidal constituents, the major tidal constituents have been extensively studied. We extend the method proposed in Part I to estimate the harmonic constants of some minor tidal constituents with low amplitudes. The method relies on actual observations of water level variations from satellite altimeters without considering the hydrodynamic equations. We compared the results of this method with those of other models, using the data from satellite altimeters, tidal gauges, and bottom-pressure recorders. We find that the method performs well in estimating harmonic constants for some minor tidal constituents and causes a decrease of 7%–18% in RMS errors compared to other models.
Measuring a Rogue? An Investigation into an Apparent Giant Wave
Authors: Kurniawan Adi , Taylor Paul H. , Orszaghova Jana , Wolgamot Hugh , Hansen Jeff
Published: May 2022

An apparent giant wave event having a maximum trough-to-crest height of 21 m and a maximum zero-upcrossing period of 27 s was recorded by a wave buoy at a nearshore location off the southwestern coast of Australia. It appears as a group of waves that are significantly larger both in height and in period than the waves preceding and following them. This paper reports a multifaceted analysis into the plausibility of the event. We first examine the statistics of the event in relation to the rest of the record, where we look at quantities such as maximum-to-significant wave height ratios, ordered crest–trough statistics, and average wave profiles. We then investigate the kinematics of the buoy, where we look at the relationship between the horizontal and vertical displacements of the buoy, and also attempt to numerically reconstruct the giant event using Boussinesq and nonlinear shallow water equations. Additional analyses are performed on other sea states where at least one of the buoy’s accelerometers reached its maximum limit. Our analysis reveals incompatibilities of the event with known behavior of real waves, leading us to conclude that it was not a real wave event. Wave events similar to the one reported in our study have been reported elsewhere and have sometimes been accepted as real occurrences. Our methods of forensically analyzing the giant wave event should be potentially useful for identifying false rogue wave events in these cases.
Partial Cyclic Solution of a 2 – (p2, p, 1) Design
Authors: Saurabh Shyam
Published: May 2022

A partial cyclic solution of [Formula: see text] design for a prime p is obtained.

AMS subject classifications: 62K10; 05B05