bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerosol influences on radiative heating rates in the Asian tropopause aerosol layer
Authors: Gao Jie , Wright Jonathon
Published: March 2021

The Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer (ATAL) has emerged over recent decades to play an increasingly prominent role in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere above the Asian monsoon region. Although the effects of the ATAL on the surface and top-of-atmosphere radiation budget have been examined by several studies, the processes and effects by which the ATAL alters radiative transfer within the tropopause layer have been much less discussed. We have used a conditional composite approach to investigate aerosol mixing ratios and their impacts on radiative heating rates in the Asian monsoon tropopause layer in MERRA-2. We have then subsampled in time based on known volcanic eruptions and the evolution of emission and data assimilation inputs to the MERRA-2 aerosol analysis to isolate the ATAL contribution and compare it to radiative heating signatures in the monsoon anticyclone region after volcanic eruptions. The results indicate that the ATAL impact on radiative heating rates in this region is on the order of 0.1 K/day, similar to that associated with ozone variability in MERRA-2 but weaker than cloud radiative effects at these altitudes. We have validated these results and tested their sensitivity to variations in the vertical structure and composition of ATAL aerosols using offline radiative transfer simulations. The idealized simulations produce similar but slightly stronger responses of radiative heating rates to the ATAL and are in good agreement with previous estimates of the top-of-atmosphere radiative forcing. Although the ATAL perturbations inferred from MERRA-2 are only about 10% of mean heating rates at these levels, their spatial distribution suggests potential implications for both isentropic and diabatic transport within the monsoon anticyclone, which should be examined in future work. Our results are limited by uncertainties in the composition and spatiotemporal variability of the ATAL, and reflect only the conditions in this layer as represented by MERRA-2. Targeted observations and model simulations are needed to adequately constrain the uncertainties, particularly with respect to the relative proportions and contributions of nitrate aerosols, which are not included in the MERRA-2 aerosol analysis.
Multi-channel Imager Algorithm (MIA): A novel cloud top phase classification algorithm applied to Himawari-8 Geostationary Satellite
Authors: Zeng Yi , Zhu Yannian , Hu Jiaxi , Wang Minghuai , Rosenfeld Daniel
Published: March 2021

Cloud top thermodynamic phase (liquid, or ice) classification is critical for the retrieval of cloud properties such as cloud top particle effective radius, cloud optical thickness and cloud water path. The physical basis for phase classification is the different absorption and scattering properties between water droplets and ice crystals over different wavelengths. Passive sensors always use the hand-tuned phase classification algorithms such as decision trees or voting schemes involving multiple thresholds. In order to improve the accuracy and universal applicability of phase classification algorithms, this study uses unsupervised K-means clustering method to classify phase using Himawari-8 (H8) multi-channel RGB images (multi-channel image algorithm, MIA). In order to evaluate the phase classification obtained by MIA, H8-CLP (H8 official product), we use CALIOP phase product as a benchmark. Through the evaluation of cloud top phase of cases from April to October in 2017, the hit rate of liquid and ice phase from H8-MIA is 88% and 65% respectively, and the total hit rate of H8-MIA algorithm is 72%. The hit rate of liquid and ice phase from H8-CLP is 81% and 62% respectively, and the total hit rate of H8-CLP algorithm is 68%. The hit rate of H8-MIA is higher than that of H8-CLP in both liquid and ice phases. It shows that the application of MIA algorithm to H8 satellite can provide more accurate and continuous cloud top phase information with high spatial and temporal resolution.
Long-Term Global Ground Heat Flux and Continental Heat Storage from Geothermal Data
Authors: Cuesta-Valero Francisco José , García-García Almudena , Beltrami Hugo , González-Rouco J. Fidel , García-Bustamante Elena
Published: March 2021

Energy exchanges among climate subsystems are of critical importance to determine the climate sensitivity of the Earth's system to changes in external forcing, to quantify the magnitude and evolution of the Earth's energy imbalance, and to make projections of future climate. Additionally, climate phenomena sensitive to land heat storage, such as permafrost stability and sea level rise, are important due to their impacts on society and ecosystems. Thus, ascertaining the magnitude and change of the Earth's energy partition within climate subsystems has become urgent in recent years. 

Here, we provide new global estimates of changes in ground surface temperature, ground surface heat flux and continental heat storage derived from geothermal data using an expanded database and new techniques developed in the last two decades. This new dataset contains 253 recent borehole profiles that were not included in previous estimates of global continental heat storage. In addition, our analysis considers additional sources of uncertainty that were not included in previous borehole studies. Results reveal markedly higher changes in ground heat flux and heat storage within the continental subsurface during the second half of the 20th century than previously reported, with a land mean temperature increase of 1 K and continental heat gains of around 12 ZJ relative to preindustrial times. Half of the heat gained by the continental subsurface since 1960 have occurred in the last twenty years. These results may be important for estimates of climate sensitivity based on energy budget constrains, as well as for the evaluation of global transient climate simulations in terms of the Earth’s heat inventory and energy-dependent subsurface processes. Our estimate of land heat storage is included in the new assessment of the components of the Earth’s heat inventory recently released (von Schuckmann et al. 2020), together with the oceans, the atmosphere and the cryosphere.
Coupling the delta-h parametrization with melt beneath a supraglacial debris cover: an evaluation across 54 glaciers in the southern European Alps
Authors: Avanzi Francesco , Gabellani Simone , Cremonese Edoardo , Morra di Cella Umberto , Huss Matthias
Published: March 2021

Glacier mass balance is an essential component of the water budget of high-elevation and high-latitude regions, and yet this process is rather oversimplified in most hydrological models. This oversimplification is particularly relevant when it comes to representing two mechanisms: ice flow dynamics and melt beneath a supraglacial debris cover. In 2010, Huss et al. proposed a parsimonious approach to account for  glacier dynamics in hydrological models without solving complex equations of three-dimensional ice flow, the so-called delta-h parametrization. On the other hand, accounting for melt of debris-covered ice is still challenging as  estimates of debris thickness are rare. 

Here, we leveraged a distributed dataset of glacier-thickness change to derive a glacier-specific delta-h parametrization for 54 glaciers across the Aosta Valley (Italy), as well as  develop a novel approach for modeling melt beneath supraglacial debris based on residuals between locally observed change in thickness and that expected by regional elevation gradients. This approach does not require any on-the-ground data on debris cover, and as such it is particularly suited for ungauged regions where remote sensing is the only, feasible source of information for modeling. 

We found an expected, significant variability in both the delta-h parametrization and residuals over debris-covered ice across glaciers, with somewhat steeper orographic gradients in the former compared to the curves originally proposed by Huss et al. for Swiss glaciers. At a regional scale, the glacier mass balance showed a clear transition between a regime dominated by active glacier flow above 2,300 m ASL and a debris-dominated regime below this elevation threshold, which makes accounting for melt in the debris-covered area essential to correctly capture the future fate of low-elevation glaciers. Implementing the delta-h parametrization and our proposed approach to melt beneath supraglacial debris into S3M, a distributed cryospheric model, yielded an improved realism in estimates of future changes in glacier geometry  compared to assuming non-dynamic downwasting.
Earth Orientation Parameter Estimation by Integrating VLBI and GNSS on the Observation Level
Authors: Wang Jungang , Balidakis Kyriakos , Ge Maorong , Heinkelmann Robert , Schuh Harald
Published: March 2021

The terrestrial and celestial reference frames are linked by the Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), which describe the irregularities of the Earth's rotation and are determined by the space geodetic techniques, namely, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), and Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS). The satellite geodetic techniques (SLR, GNSS, and DORIS) cannot determine the UT1-UTC or celestial pole offsets (CPO), rendering VLBI the only technique capable of determining full EOP set. On the other hand, the GNSS technique provides precise polar motion estimates due to the continuous observations from a globally distributed network. Integrating VLBI and GNSS provides the full set of EOP and guarantees a superior accuracy than any single-technique solution.

In this study we focus on the integrated estimation of the full EOP set from GNSS and VLBI. Using five VLBI continuous observing campaigns (CONT05–CONT17), the GNSS and VLBI observations are processed concurrently in a common least-squares estimator. The impact of applying global ties (EOP), local ties, and tropospheric ties, and combinations thereof is investigated. The polar motion estimates in integrated solution are dominated by the huge GNSS observations, and the accuracy in terms of weighted root mean squares (WRMS) is ~40 μas compared to the IERS 14 C04 product, which is much better than that of the VLBI-only solution. The UT1-UTC and CPO in the integrated solution also show slight improvement compared to the VLBI-only solution. Moreover, the CPO agreement between the two networks in CONT17, i.e., the VLBA and IVS networks, shows an improvement of 20% to 40% in the integrated solution with different types of ties applied.
The Impact of Radiative Interactions on Tropical Cyclone Development in a General Circulation Model
Authors: Zhang Bosong , Soden Brian , Vecchi Gabriel , Yang Wenchang
Published: March 2021

The impact of radiative interactions on tropical cyclone (TC) climatology is investigated using a global, TC-permitting general circulation model (GCM) with realistic boundary conditions. In this model, synoptic-scale radiative interactions are suppressed by overwriting the model-generated atmospheric radiative cooling rates with its monthly-varying climatological values. When radiative interactions are suppressed, the global TC frequency is significantly reduced, indicating that radiative interactions are a critical component of TC development even in the presence of spatially varying boundary conditions. The reduced TC activity is primarily due to a decrease in the frequency of pre-TC synoptic disturbances (“seeds”), whereas the likelihood that the seeds undergo cyclogenesis is less affected. When radiative interactions are suppressed, TC genesis shifts toward coastal regions, whereas TC lysis locations stay almost unchanged; together the distance between genesis and lysis is shortened, reducing TC duration. In a warmer climate, the magnitude of TC reduction from suppressing radiative interactions is diminished due to the larger contribution from latent heat release with increased sea surface temperatures. These results highlight the importance of radiative interactions in modulating the frequency and duration of TCs.
Current and future limits to automated 3D geological model construction
Authors: Jessell Mark
Published: March 2021

In geological settings characterised by folded and faulted strata, and where good field data exist, we have been able to automate a large part of the 3D modelling process directly from the raw geological database (maps, bedding orientations and drillhole data). The automation is based upon the deconstruction of the geological maps and databases into positional, gradient and spatial and temporal topology information, and the combination of deconstructed data into augmented inputs for 3D geological modelling systems, notably LoopStructural and GemPy.

When we try to apply this approach to more complex terranes, such as greenstone belts, we come across two types of problem:

1) Insufficient structural data, since the more complexly deformed the geology, the more we need to rely on secondary structural information, such as fold axial traces and vergence to ‘solve’ the structures. Unfortunately these types of data are not always stored in national geological databases. One approach to overcoming this is to analyse the simpler (i.e. bedding) data to try and estimate the secondary information automatically.

 

2) The available information is unsuited to the logic of the modelling system. Most modern modelling platforms assume the knowledge of a chronostratigraphic hierarchy, however, especially in more complexly deformed regions, a lithostratigraphy may be all that is available. Again a pre-processing of the map and stratigraphic information may be possible to overcome this problem.

This presentation will highlight the progress that has been made, as well as the road-blocks to universal automated 3D geological model construction.

 

We acknowledge the support of the MinEx CRC and the Loop: Enabling Stochastic 3D Geological Modelling (LP170100985) consortia. The work has been supported by the Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre whose activities are funded by the Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centre Programme. This is MinEx CRC Document 2020/xxx.

 
Biomass allocation strategies shaping woody species adaptations to shade and drought
Authors: Puglielli Giacomo , Laanisto Lauri , Poorter Hendrik , Niinemets Ülo
Published: March 2021

Optimal partitioning theory predicts that plants allocate a greater proportion of biomass to the organs acquiring the most limiting resource when different environments challenge a given species (acclimation). Results are disputed when testing how biomass allocation patterns among species with contrasting tolerance of abiotic stress factors (adaptation) conform to optimal partitioning theory.

We tested the optimal partitioning theory by analyzing the relationships of proportional biomass allocation to leaves, stems and roots with species tolerance of shade and drought at a global scale including ~7000 observations for 604 woody species. The dataset spanned three plant functional types. In order to correct for ontogeny, differences among plant functional types at different levels of shade and drought tolerance were evaluated at three ontogenetic stages: seedlings, small trees and big trees. Adaptation and acclimation responses were also compared.

We did not find overarching biomass allocation patterns at different tolerance values across species even if tolerant and intolerant species rarely overlapped in the trait space. Biomass allocation mainly varied among plant functional types due to phenological (deciduous vs. evergreen broad-leaved species) and broad phylogenetical (angiosperms vs. gymnosperms) differences. Furthermore, the direction of biomass allocation responses between tolerant and intolerant species was often opposite compared to that predicted by the optimal partitioning theory.

Plant functional type is the major determinant of biomass allocation patterns in woody species at the global scale. Finally, interactions between ontogeny, plant functional type, species-specific stress tolerance adaptations (i.e. changes in organs surface area per unit dry mass), phenotypic plasticity or convergence in plant architecture can alter biomass allocation differences. All these factors permit woody species with different shade and drought tolerances to display multiple biomass partitioning strategies.
Soils in a changing world
Authors: Doetterl Sebastian
Published: March 2021

Good time for soil scientists, bad time for soils? Join me at my Soil System Sciences - OECS award lecture where I will highlight how Global Change affects soils across ecosystems and what this means for future plant-soil inter­actions and biogeochemical cycles in a warming, crowded world out of balance.Global Change from the Arctic to the Tropics has accelerated drastically in recent decades, subsequently effecting ecosystems everywhere. Soils and biogeochemical cycling within are no exception. For example, how carbon and nutrients are stabilized in and released from soil is highly affected by changing land use and climate. Despite these changes, soil in earth system models is not represented mechanistically, but rather given a mostly budgetary "black box" function. No methodological framework is available that accounts for the combined effects of climate, geochemistry and disturbance on soil dynamics at larger scales. In addition, most of our process understanding of biogeochemical cycling in soils is derived from data-rich temperate regions. This data has limited applicability in low latitudinal (tropics) or high latitudinal (boreal/subpolar) climate zones, where soils have different properties and drastically different developmental histories.In my talk I will illustrate with a few examples how the gaps in our understanding of soil processes across climate zones and dismissing lateral soil fluxes leads to large uncertainties in predicting future trajectories of the global carbon cycle. I will highlight how the interactions of weathering and disturbance can influence and dominate biogeochemical cycles and microbial processes in soils. I will also discuss some directions where geochemical proxies that are available at the global scale can be useful to model the spatial and temporal patterns of soil carbon storage and turnover.
Dynamics of ionospheric and telluric currents during large events of geomagnetically induced currents
Authors: Kellinsalmi Mirjam , Viljanen Ari , Juusola Liisa , Käki Sebastian
Published: March 2021

Geomagnetic variations are mainly produced by external currents in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, and secondarily by induced (internal/telluric) currents in the conducting Earth. Large geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) are associated with large time derivatives of the horizontal magnetic field. Recent results show that the time derivative is typically dominated by the contribution from the telluric currents. Our study aims to find measures to quantify the behaviour of external and internal currents and their time derivatives during large GIC events. Results of this study show that strong external currents have quite narrow directional distributions. Angular variation is larger for internal currents, and especially for their time derivatives. For external currents angular variation is larger at higher latitudes. Similar behaviour is not seen with internal currents.
Flank instability of coastal and ocean island volcanoes: Why it is not enough to look at the tip of the iceberg
Authors: Urlaub Morelia
Published: March 2021

Volcanoes are among the most rapidly growing geological structures on Earth. Consequently, their edifices suffer structural instability that may result in lateral flank collapses, such as the 1980 Mt St Helens event or the 2018 collapse of Anak Krakatau (Indonesia). The seafloor displays the geological remnants of collapses of nearly all ocean island volcanoes, including Hawaii and the Canary Islands. Such collapses and their associated tsunamis are among the largest and most disastrous natural processes on Earth, because of the enormous energy involved. Numerous coastal and ocean island volcanoes worldwide show signs of flank instability, documented by ground deformation measurements. However, it is difficult to evaluate their hazard potential mainly due to a lack of understanding of the causes of collapse. For coastal and ocean island volcanoes, most research and the vast majority of monitoring activities are biased towards the often comparatively small part of the volcano above sea level, while the largest part of the volcanic edifice is typically submerged in water. Using the example of Mount Etna (Italy) as well as several other case studies, I demonstrate that shoreline crossing analyses of volcano-tectonic structures and edifice deformation are necessary for understanding the mechanisms that control the volcano’s structural stability. I further argue that the earliest and most important precursory signals for imminent edifice collapse may occur below sea level. Data acquisition and monitoring in the deep sea is technologically and logistically challenging, but possible. It significantly extends onshore data sets with the potential to revolutionise our current understanding and hazard monitoring. 
Microplastic water repellency impacts water flow and microplastic transport in soils
Authors: Cramer Andreas , Benard Pascal , Kaestner Anders , Zare Mohsen , Carminati Andrea
Published: March 2021

Soils are considered the largest sink of microplastic particles (MP) in terrestrial ecosystems. However, there is little knowledge on the implications of MP contaminating soils. In particular, we do not know the extent of and conditions under which MP are transported through porous media and, if they are deposited, how they affect soil hydraulic properties and soil moisture dynamics. We hypothesize that: 1) hydrophobic MP enhance soil water repellency; 2) isolated MP are displaced and transported by the air-water interface; 3) clusters of MP impede water flow and are retained in air-filled pores.

We tested these hypotheses in mixtures of MP (µm range) and sands (mm range) in a series of experiments. The Sessile Drop Method (SDM) was applied to measure the average contact angle (CA) of the mixtures for MP and model porous media in the same size range, ranging from 0 - 100 % MP content. Based on the specific surface and shape factor of MP and soil particles, the results are extrapolated to different MP and soil particle sizes. Capillary rise experiments were performed to measure the impact of MP on water infiltration. The applied MP contents of 0.35 % and 1.05 % reflect an average CA of 60° and 90° from the SDM extrapolation. Capillary rise of water and ethanol were carried out to estimate the apparent CA. Additionally and with the same MP content, we simultaneously imaged in three-dimensions the movement of deuterated water and MP during repeated drying / wetting cycles using X-Ray and Neutron tomography (at the beamline ICON, PSI). The different neutron attenuation coefficients of deuterated water and MP allows for estimating their distribution in the sand packing.

Already at MP contents of 5 % the CA measured with the SDM exhibited a steep increase and reached 59° to 81°, depending on the grain size of MP. The capillary rise experiments showed that MP reduce capillary rise. The apparent CA (43° and 53°) were smaller compared to the average CA from the SDM (60° and 90°), but the added MP increased air entrapment during capillary rise leading to a reduced saturation of the pore space (18 % and 16.5 %). Accumulation of MP at the advancing air-water interface was visible. Neutron and X-ray imaging showed at high resolution that regions with major MP content are water repellent and, are bypassed by water flow, and remain in air-filled pores.

Extrapolation of these results to soils suggests that in microregions with high MP contents, water infiltration is hindered. The low water content in these microregions might limit MP degradation due to reductions in: hydrolysis, coating of MP by e.g. dissolved organic substances, and colonization by microorganisms.
Spatiotemporal patterns of synchronous heavy rainfall events in East Asia during the Baiu season
Authors: Wolf Frederik , Ozturk Ugur , Cheung Kevin , Donner Reik V.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Investigating the synchrony and interdependency of heavy rainfall occurrences is crucial to understand the underlying physical mechanisms and reduce physical and economic damages by improved forecasting strategies. In this context, studies utilizing functional network representations have recently contributed to significant advances in the understanding and prediction of extreme weather events. To thoroughly expand on previous works employing the latter framework to the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) system, we focus here on changes in the spatial organization of synchronous heavy precipitation events across the monsoon season (April to August) by studying the temporal evolution of corresponding network characteristics in terms of a sliding window approach. Specifically, we utilize functional climate networks together with event coincidence analysis for identifying and characterizing synchronous activity from daily rainfall estimates between 1998 and 2018. Our results demonstrate that the formation of the Baiu front as a main feature of the EASM is reflected by a double-band structure of synchronous heavy rainfall with two centers north and south of the front. Although the two separated bands are strongly related to either low- or high-level winds, which are commonly assumed to be independent, we provide evidence that it is rather their mutual interconnectivity that changes during the different phases of the EASM season in a characteristic way. Our findings shed some new light on the interplay between tropical and extratropical factors controlling the EASM intraseasonal evolution, which could potentially help to improve future forecasts of the Baiu onset in different regions of East Asia.
A novel algorithm by combining nonlinear workspace partition with neural networks for solving the inverse kinematics problem of redundant manipulators
Authors: Dong Hui , Li Chen , Wu Wentao , Yao Ligang , Sun Hao
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Redundant manipulators (RMs) have been gaining more attention thanks to their excellent merits of operating flexibility and precision. Inverse kinematics (IK) study is critical to the design, trajectory planning, and control of RMs, while it is usually more complicated to solve IK problems which may inherently have innumerable solutions. In this work, a novel approach for solving the IK problems for RMs while retaining the redundancy characteristics has been proposed. By employing a constraint function, the method delicately reduces the infinite IK solutions of a RM to a finite set. Furthermore, the workspace of RMs is divided into nonlinear partitions through diverse joint angle intervals, which have further simplified the mapping correlations between the desired point and manipulators' joint angles. For each partition, a pre-trained neural network (NN) model is established to acquire its IK solutions with high efficiency and precision. After combing all nonlinear partitions, multiple reasonable IK solutions are available. The presented method offers a possible selection of the most appropriate solution for trajectory planning and energy consumption and therefore has the potential for facilitating novel robot development.
An early warning sign of critical transition in the Antarctic ice sheet – a data-driven tool for a spatiotemporal tipping point
Authors: AlMomani Abd AlRahman , Bollt Erik
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Our recently developed tool, called Directed Affinity Segmentation (DAS), was originally designed for the data-driven discovery of coherent sets in fluidic systems. Here we interpret that it can also be used to indicate early warning signs of critical transitions in ice shelves as seen from remote sensing data. We apply a directed spectral clustering methodology, including an asymmetric affinity matrix and the associated directed graph Laplacian, to reprocess the ice velocity data and remote sensing satellite images of the Larsen C ice shelf. Our tool has enabled the simulated prediction of historical events from historical data and fault lines responsible for the critical transitions leading to the breakup of the Larsen C ice shelf crack, which resulted in the A-68 iceberg. Such benchmarking of methods, using data from the past to forecast events that are now also in the past, is sometimes called post-casting, analogous to forecasting into the future. Our method indicated the coming crisis months before the actual occurrence.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Diabetes Mellitus di UPTD Diabetes Center Kota Ternate Tahun 2018
Authors: Wadja Helena , Rahman Hamidah , Supriyatni Nani
Published: March 2021

Diabetes adalah penyakit yang berlangsung lama atau kronis serta ditandai dengan kadar gula (glukosa) darah yang tinggi atau di atas nilai normal. Glukosa yang menumpuk di dalam darah akibat tidak diserap sel tubuh dengan baik dapat menimbulkan berbagai gangguan organ tubuh. Diabetes melitus (DM) menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan manusia pada abad ke-21. Jumlah penderita DM mencapai 422 juta orang di dunia pada tahun 2014. Sebagian besar dari penderita tersebut berada di negara berkembang. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara berkembang memiliki jumlah penderita yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan, tingkat stres, dan durasi tidur terhadap kejadian Diabetes Mellitus. Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah  pasien yang datang memeriksakan kadar gula darah di UPTD Diabetes Center Kota Ternate Tahun 2018. Jumlah sampel 95 orang yang diambil dengan cara accidental sampling. Hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penyakit Diabetes Mellitus adalah tingkat stres dengan p-value = 0,037 ( <0,1 ) dan durasi tidur dengan p-value = 0,025 ( <0,1 ), sedangkan yang tidak berhubungan adalah tingkat pengetahuan dengan p-value = 0,709 ( >0,1 ). Oleh karena itu, disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan lebih meningkkatkan lagi  informasi kepada masyarakat tentang penyakit Diabetes Mellitus, agar masyarakat lebih tahu tentang penyakit Diabetes Mellitus.
Análise sobre estudos de validação de intervenções de enfermagem
Authors: Duran Erika Christiane Marocco , Figueiredo Larissa Costa , Ferreira Ráisa Camilo
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre a validação de intervenções de enfermagem. Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa de literatura, no recorte temporal de 2007 a 2016, na MEDLINE, CINAHL e Bibliotecas Virtual de Saúde e COCHRANE. Organizaram-se os estudos, categorizando-os e os analisando de modo descritivo. Resultados: encontraram-se 147 artigos e, após a leitura dos resumos e dos textos na íntegra, foram incluídos oito artigos. Conclusão: identificou-se, por meio da revisão integrativa, a produção científica referente à validação de intervenções de enfermagem na literatura, evidenciando um aumento da produção desses estudos, o que contribui para a prática de Enfermagem no Brasil. Descritores: Cuidados de Enfermagem; Estudos de Validação; Processo de Enfermagem; Diagnóstico de Enfermagem; Classificação; Enfermagem.AbstractObjective: to analyze the scientific production on the validation of nursing interventions. Method: this is a bibliographic, descriptive, integrative literature review, in the time frame from 2007 to 2016, in MEDLINE, CINAHL and Virtual Health Libraries and COCHRANE. The studies were organized, categorized, and analyzed in a perspective descriptive. Results: 147 articles were researched and, after reading the abstracts and texts in full, eight articles were included. Conclusion: it was identified, through the integrative review, the scientific production referring to the validation of nursing interventions in the literature, showing an increase in the production of these studies, which contributes to the practice of Nursing in Brazil. Descriptors: Nursing Care; Validation Studies; Nursing Processes; Nursing Diagnosis; Classification; Nursing.ResumenObjetivo: analizar la producción científica sobre la validación de las intervenciones de enfermería. Método: se trata de una revisión bibliográfica, descriptiva, integradora de la literatura, en el período de 2007 a 2016, en MEDLINE, CINAHL y Bibliotecas Virtuales de Salud y COCHRANE. Se organizaron los estudios, categorizándolos y analizándolos de manera descriptiva. Resultados: se encontraron 147 artículos y, después de leer los resúmenes y textos completos, se incluyeron ocho artículos. Conclusión: a través de la revisión integradora, se identificó la producción científica relacionada con la validación de las intervenciones de enfermería en la literatura, mostrando un aumento en la producción de estos estudios, lo que contribuye a la práctica de Enfermería en Brasil. Descriptores: Atención de Enfermería; Estudios de Validación; Proceso de Enfermería; Diagnóstico de Enfermería; Clasificación; Enfermería.
JOGO EDUCATIVO SOBRE PREVENÇÃO DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS: NOTA PRÉVIA
Authors: Sescon Nogueira Iara , Denardi Antoniassi Baldissera Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analisar o potencial educativo da construção participativa de um jogo sobre prevenção de quedas em idosos que sirva de apoio para as práticas de Educação em Saúde e Educação Permanente em Saúde. Método: estudo qualitativo, pesquisa-ação participativa, que será desenvolvida em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde com profissionais das equipes de Estratégia Saúde da Família e Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família, além de idosos residentes na área de abrangência da referida unidade, participantes de um grupo de convivência. Os dados serão coletados a partir da técnica de Observação Participante, Análise Documental, entrevistas individuais, Photovoice, Grupos Focais e realização de oficina utilizando a técnica de Desing Thinking com apoio de Redação Ancorada para construção do jogo educativo. Para análise dos dados, os mesmos serão processados utilizando o software IRaMuTeQ®. Esta pesquisa se norteará pelo referencial teórico-analítico da Práxis Freiriana. Resultados esperados: espera-se contribuir com avanços para a realidade assistencial e educativa dos profissionais de saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde no contexto da prevenção de quedas em idosos, permitindo desvelar a realidade temática e colaborar com as práticas educativas nesse contexto.
Association of Demographic Variables with COVID-19 Knowledge: A Study on Pakistani Adults
Authors: Aamir Minahil , Zahoor Khadija , Siddiqui Memoona , Ahmad Hamza
Published: March 2021

With the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), researchers set out to explore different behavioral patterns. It is natural for researchers to seek the differences in relation to different demographic variables. Research from previous disease outbreaks shows the importance of demographic variables. This research study aims to explore the differences with regard to different demographic variables regarding the knowledge of COVID-19. It was found that the demographic variables; gender, marital status and education level showed no statistical significance but the demographic variables; age group and profession showed statistical significance. Another important finding was that 73% respondents had scored 3-4 on scale of 5 assessing COVID-19 knowledge. Moreover, 51% respondents considered themselves affected psychologically by COVID-19 pandemic.
Gaming Addiction and Aggression in Pakistani Young Adults: Through the Lens of Excitation Transfer Theory
Authors: Shabbir Saba , Saleem Dr Muhammad , Mahmood Shazara , Perveen Saima
Published: March 2021

The present study investigated the relationship between gaming addiction and aggression among young adults. 160 participants (80 males and 80 females) were approached by purposive sampling. Cross-sectional, correlational research design was employed. The data were collected using two questionnaires: Gaming Addiction Inventory for Adults and The Aggression Questionnaire. The data was analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21. Results revealed that gaming addiction has significant but negative relationship with aggression, anger, and physical aggression, however, verbal aggression and hostility were not significantly related. Analysis of gender difference indicated males as more addicted to games than females, while aggression and its variants were not found to be significantly different. The study concluded that video game playing may become a source for releasing aggression, hence, lowering the physiological arousals and reducing aggression in life. The inverse relationship of gaming addiction and aggression implies the positive consideration of games for dealing with aggression among young adults. The study has certain limitations as forthcoming researches should examine the particular types of games with aggression or comparing different age groups will further enlighten the relationship of game playing and aggression.
Penyelesaian Pembagian Harta Bersama Melalui Mediasi Di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas IA Palu
Authors: Maisa Maisa
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitjan menganalisis penyelesaian pembagian harta bersama melalui Mediasi di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas IA Palu dan Apa sajakah hambatan-hambatan dalam pelaksanaan mediasi dalam perkara pembagian harta bersama di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas IA Palu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mekanisme penyelesaian pembagian harta gono gini melalui Mediasi di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas IA Palu bahwa setiap perkara yang telah ditunjuk majelis hakim memeriksa perkara terlebih dahulu, kemudian ditempuh mediasi dengan menunjuk mediator oleh majelis hakim. Selanjutnya mediator sebagai fasilitator menetapkan waktu pertemuan untuk melakukan mediasi, artinya dalam proses mediasi mediator berperan membantu/menengahi agar kesepakatan antara para pihak tentang pembagian harta bersama dapat terwujud atas dasar musyawarah. Selanjutnya jika kesepaktan terwujud, maka dibuat akta perdamaian yang dibantu oleh mediator dalam tinjauan yuridisnya. Kemudian dengan laporan mediator, perkara kembali kepada majelis hakim untuk menyikapi akta perdamaian dan Hambatan-hambatan dalam pelaksanaan mediasi dalam perkara pembagian harta gono gini di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas I A Palu adalah ketidakhadiran salah satu para pihak, Kuasa Hukum para pihak yang kurang maksimal memberikan penjelasan mengenai manfaat mediasi dan adanya ego yang berlebihan dari masing-masing pihak.

The research objective to analyze the settlement of the distribution of joint assets through Mediation at the Palu IA Class District Court and what are the obstacles in the implementation of mediation in the case of sharing assets together in the Class IA Palu District Court. The research method used is normative research method. The results showed that the settlement mechanism for the distribution of assets gono gini through Mediation in the Class IA Palu District Court that every case that has been appointed by the panel of judges examines the case first, then goes through mediation by appointing a mediator by the panel of judges. Furthermore, the mediator as the facilitator determines the meeting time to conduct mediation, meaning that in the mediation process the mediator plays a role in assisting / mediating so that the agreement between the parties regarding the sharing of collective assets can be realized on the basis of deliberation. Furthermore, if the agreement is realized, a peace deed will be drawn up which is assisted by the mediator in his juridical review. Then with the mediator's report, the case returned to the panel of judges to address the peace deed and Obstacles in the implementation of mediation in the case of distributing assets at the IA Class District Court in Palu was the absence of one of the parties, the legal counsel of the parties who were not maximal in providing an explanation regarding the benefits of mediation and the excessive ego of each party.
Efektivitas Kejaksaan Dalam Pengembalian Kerugian Negara Akibat Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Siswandi Siswandi , Sampara Said , Badaru Baharuddin
Published: March 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kejaksaan dalam upaya pengembalian kerugian negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi, dan faktor yang menghambat kejaksaan dalam upaya pengembalian kerugian negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi.Tipe penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Hasil Penelitian penulis mendapatkan bahwa: Efektivitas kejaksaan dalam upaya pengembalian kerugian negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi belum efektif. Hal ini dikarenakan dalam penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi dalam rangka pengembalian kerugian negara ditemukan hambatan yakni, hambatan kultural bersumber dari kebiasaan negatif yang berkembang di masyarakat serta hambatan instrumental dalam bentuk peraturan perundang-undangan yang membuat penanganan tindak pidana korupsi tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Hukuman yang diterapkan hanya sebatas hukuman badan dan pengembalian kerugian negara sehingga tidak membuat pelaku tindak pidana korupsi tidak berkurang. Faktor yang menghambat kejaksaan dalam upaya pengembalian kerugian negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi antara lain: Minimnya saksi yang mendukung pembuktian perkara korupsi, Keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana, Penghitungan kerugian negara.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the prosecutor's office in an effort to recover state losses due to corruption, and the factors that hinder the prosecutor's office in trying to recover state losses due to corruption. The type of this research is juridical empirical. The results of the authors' research found that: The effectiveness of the prosecutor's office in recovering state losses due to corruption has not been effective. This is because in law enforcement against perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption in the context of recovering state losses, obstacles are found, namely, cultural barriers that arise from negative habits that develop in society as well as instrumental obstacles in the form of laws and regulations that make the handling of corruption crimes not run properly. The punishments that are applied are limited to corporal punishment and the return of state losses so that it does not reduce the perpetrators of corruption. Factors that hinder the prosecutor's office in efforts to recover state losses due to criminal acts of corruption include: The lack of witnesses who support proof of corruption cases, Limited facilities and infrastructure, Calculation of state losses.
Efektivitas Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Bidang Pengadaan Barang Dan Jasa Oleh Polres Bulukumba
Authors: Nasir Anas Wahyudi , Pawennei Mulyati , Yunus Ahyuni
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian menganalisis efektivitas penyidikan tindak pidana korupsi di bidang pengadaan barang dan jasa oleh Polres Bulukumba. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris, yakni penelitian yang dilakukan langsung di lapangan. Data yang diperoleh baik primer maupun sekunder dianalisis baik secara deduktif maupun induktif kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Efektivtas Penyidikan tindak pidana korupsi di bidang pengadaan barang dan jasa oleh Polres Bulukumba adalah melalui upaya penyidikan melalui teknik pengembangan kasus dengan memanfaatkan saksi pelapor dan saksi pelaku serta teknik audit investigatif sebagai metode pencarian dan pengumpulan data, informasi dan temuan lainnya untuk mengetahui kebenaran atau bahkan kesalahan sebuah fakta dengan berkoordinasi dengan BPK/BPKP. Faktor yang menghambat dalam penyidikan tindak pidana korupsi di bidang pengadaan barang dan Jasa adalah keterbatasan jumlah sumber daya manusia pada Penyidik Polri yang melakukan kegiatan Penyelidikan dan Penyidikan serta keterbatasan sumber dana/anggaran penanganan perkara dalam kegiatan penyidikan.

The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of the investigation of corruption in the procurement of goods and services by the Bulukumba Police. This research is an empirical legal research, which is research conducted directly in the field. The data obtained both primary and secondary were analyzed both deductively and inductively then presented descriptively. The results show that the effectiveness of investigating corruption in the procurement of goods and services by the Bulukumba Police is through investigative efforts through case development techniques using reporting witnesses and perpetrator witnesses and investigative audit techniques as a method of searching and collecting data, information and other findings to determine truth or even error of a fact in coordination with the BPK / BPKP. Factors that hinder the investigation of criminal acts of corruption in the field of goods and services procurement are the limited number of human resources for Polri Investigators who carry out Investigation and Investigation activities as well as limited funding sources / budget for case handling in investigation activities.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan dan Loyalitas Nasabah Pada PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Unit Siwa Kabupaten Wajo
Authors: Islam Muh. Syaiful , Hamzah Nasir , Mahmud Amir
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas layanan melalui (Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, assurance, Emphaty) terhadap kepuasan nasabah. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh layanan melalui Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, assurance, Emphaty) terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan nasabah terhadap loyalitas. Untuk menganalisis kualitas layanan (Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, assurance, Emphaty) melalui kepuasan nasabah pada PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Unit Siwa Kabupaten Wajo. Untuk mengimplemasikan tujuan tersebut maka digunakan analisis deskriptif, uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kualitas layanan melalui bukti fisik, kehandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan dan empati berpengaruh postif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah. Kualitas layanan melalui bukti fisik, kehandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan dan empati berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Hasil uji mediasi yang menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan nasabah tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh kualitas pelayanan melalui bukti fisik, kehandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan dan empati terhadap loyalitas nasabah pada PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Unit Siwa Kabupaten Wajo.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of service quality through (Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Emphaty) on customer satisfaction. To analyze the influence of services through Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, assurance, Emphaty) on customer loyalty. To analyze the effect of customer satisfaction on loyalty. To analyze service quality (Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, assurance, Emphaty) through customer satisfaction at PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk. Siwa Unit in Wajo Regency. To implement these objectives, descriptive analysis, validity test and reliability test, classic assumption test, path analysis are used. The results of the study found that service quality through physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Quality of service through tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The mediation test results show that customer satisfaction cannot mediate the effect of service quality through tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy for customer loyalty at PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk. Siwa Unit in Wajo Regency.