bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network intrusion detection utilizing information entropy measurement-based LLE and weighted kernel extreme learning machine with CPSO
Authors: Yao Yuan , Chen Xi , Zhang Peng
Published: October 2023

In this study, network intrusion detection method of information entropy measurement-based LLE and weighted kernel extreme learning machine with CPSO (IEMLLE-CWKELM) is proposed for network intrusion detection. First of all, this article proposes an information entropy measurement-based locally linear embedding (IEMLLE) algorithm to reduce the features of network intrusion data. The IEMLLE algorithm is a dimensionality reduction algorithm based on information entropy measurement. The discrimination of the distribution of sample data of the different classes based on IEMLLE is higher than that based on locally linear embedding (LLE) algorithm. Moreover, this article proposes a weighted kernel extreme learning machine (CWKELM) algorithm, among which the use of kernel functions instead of hidden layer random feature maps containing activation functions is beneficial for improving the nonlinear processing ability and robustness of weighted extreme learning machine, and the chaos particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm is proposed to optimize the penalty factor and the kernel parameter of weighted kernel extreme learning machine. The experimental results show that IEMLLE-CWKELM is the higher network intrusion detection accuracy than LLE-CWKELM, LLE-ELM, and principal component analysis- extreme learning machine (PCA-ELM).
A novel centrosome-related gene signature for predicting prognosis and treatment effect of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: dahu ren , Lingxin Kong , Shuangqing Chen , zhonghui Hu , can Qi , Duan Guochen
Published: October 2023

Background
The structure or function of the centrosome can cause abnormal cell proliferation, leading to tumors. There is increasing evidence that the centrosome is closely associated with the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We aim to construct a new centrosome-related genes (CRGs) prognostic model in this study.
Methods
The gene expression data of LUAD can be downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We used the R to identify differentially expressed genes between normal and malignant lung tissues, constructed a CRGs risk score, evaluated the prognostic value of clinical data in different subgroups with different CRGs risk score signature to construct a CRGs risk model.
Result
A total of 779 CRGs were detected, and three genes related to prognosis were screened, including ID1, LATS2 and PRKCZ, and CRGs. Risk score was constructed based on these three genes, and its accuracy was verified in the GEO dataset. The prognosis is significantly lower in the high-risk group, and this feature can be used as an independent prognostic factor. In addition, the immune and mutation landscape between the different subgroups were found to be significantly different. We found that the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score of the high-risk group was significantly increased, indicating that the low-risk group is more likely to benefit from immunotherapy.
Conclusion
The research results suggest that the CRGs risk model may be a reliable prognostic model for personalized treatment of LUAD patients.
Urinary circular RNA panels to help diagnose hepatitisB virus–related hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-center, large scale and case-control study
Authors: Xie Zijun , Gan Guangping , Zhou Guanlin , Zhang Jiabao , Ling Jiamin , Zhang Jianhong , Zeng Yijun
Published: October 2023

Background:
Over 60% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) do not receive curative therapitics due to late clinical manifestations and diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate for advanced HCC is around 2%. Curative therapies for early HCC can improve the 5-year survival rate to over 70%.We aimed to develop sensitive and noninvasive biomarkers in urine for detecting HCC.
Methods:
Totally, 1254 participants were recruited and randomly allocated into three independent cohorts [healthy controls, chronic hepatitis B (CHB), HBV-induced liver cirrhosis and HBV-related HCC].14 circular RNAs(circRNAs) were chosen as putative biomarkers in urine due to their differential expressions in HCC tissue and blood after analyzing related published reports. Their expression levels in urine were measure by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Logistic regression models were made using a training cohort (n = 312) and then validated using an independent cohort (n = 741). Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to assess the diagnostic performances.
Results:
CircRNA panels (circ_0075792, circ_0005397 and circ_0000976) were obtained with high diagnostic performances of differentiating HCC from the three above control groups with sensitivities over 85% , specificity over 95% and AUC over 0.9.
Conclusions:
Urinary circRNA panels identified and validated from these results show desirable diagnostic performances for detecting HCC. Accordingly, HCC patients who would have otherwise missed the curative theraputic windows can benefit from the best theraputics.
Preparation and application of acrylic polymer modified magnetic starch adsorption materials
Authors: HOU Chengmin , Yan Weimin
Published: October 2023

Heavy metal ion wastewater is very harmful to human body and environment, and the adsorption materials used in traditional adsorption methods such as starch cellulose are easily hydrolyzed, resulting in secondary pollution to water. In this paper, acrylic polymers such as polyacrylate /polyglycidyl methacrylate/polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate were grafted onto magnetic starch by grafting polymerization to improve the hydrolysis and adsorption properties of starch. Acrylic polymers modified magnetic starch materials St/Fe3O4-g-pAA, St/Fe3O4-g-pHEMA and St/Fe3O4-g-pGMA were prepared, and their properties as adsorbents for Cu(II) removal were studied. The adsorption experiment results show that St/Fe3O4-g-pAA has the best adsorption performance under the same adsorption conditions. The maximum unit adsorption capacity of St/Fe3O4-g-pAA was 78.1 mg/g under the optimum adsorption conditions of 20 mg/L initial concentration of copper ion solution, pH value of solution 7 and adsorption time 160 min. St/Fe3O4-g-pGMA has the best stability and the best reproducibility and can retain 95.7% of the first adsorption effect after 8 adsorption cycles. The adsorption properties of St/Fe3O4-g-pHEMA are the least dependent on pH value. The adsorption processes of the three acrylic polymers modified magnetic starch adsorption materials all follow the Langmuir isotherm model, which is more consistent with the second-order II kinetic model, indicating that the three acrylic polymers modified magnetic starch adsorption materials are mainly chemisorbed and occur on the single molecular layer. The thermodynamics of adsorption process was studied and the data show that adsorption process belongs to endothermic reaction and temperature rise was conducive to adsorption.
The clinical relevance of surgical specimens for RNA sequencing in lung cancer: A cohort study
Authors: Eom Jung Seop , Kim Soo Han , Kim Kyungbin , Kim Ahrong , Ahn Hyo Yeong , Mok Jeongha , Cho Jeong Su , Lee Min Ki , Song Ju Sun , Kim Mi-Hyun
Published: October 2023

Background
Molecular screening using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the pathologic evaluation of lung cancer is considered the standard in clinical practice; hence, we evaluated the diagnostic yields of various sampling methods for NGS.
Methods
NGS data from patients with lung cancer at the Pusan National University Hospital (Busan, South Korea), admitted October, 2020–April, 2023, was obtained. The sampling methods by which NGS data was obtained were divided into surgical and nonsurgical. Surgical methods included thoracoscopic surgery, surgical biopsy from the metastatic site, and lymph node excisional biopsy, whereas nonsurgical methods included bronchoscopy procedures and medical thoracoscopic biopsy.
Results
In total, we obtained 319 patients’ NGS data:150 (47.0%) and 169 (53.0%) was obtained using surgical and nonsurgical methods, respectively. The overall diagnostic yield of NGS analysis was 97.5% for all samples. There were no significant differences in the success rates of DNA sequencing between surgical and nonsurgical sampling methods (98.0% vs. 96.4%, p = 0.313). On the other hand, the success rate of RNA sequencing was significantly lower in the surgical method group (78.0% vs. 92.3%; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that surgical sampling significantly correlated with RNA sequencing failure (Odd Ratio 4.128, 95% Confidence Interval 1.681–10.133, p = 0.002).
Conclusions
Small samples obtained using nonsurgical procedures are suitable for NGS analysis in clinical practice. However, surgical sampling showed a relatively lower success rate for RNA sequencing than nonsurgical sampling. This information may help in the development of protocols to reduce RNA degradation during the surgical process.
Multimorbidity and patient experience with general practice: a mixed- methods study based on national survey in Norway
Authors: Norman Rebecka Maria , Jelin Elma , Bjertnaes Oyvind
Published: October 2023

Background
Patient experience is an important indicator of the quality of healthcare. Patients with multimorbidity often face adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare utilisation. General practitioners play a crucial role in managing these patients. The main aim of our mixed-methods study was to perform an in-depth assessment of differences in patient-reported experience with general practice between patients living with chronic conditions and multimorbidity, and those with no chronic conditions.
Methods
We performed secondary analyses of a national survey of patient experience with general practice in 2021 (response rate 41.9%, n = 7,912). We described the characteristics of all survey respondents with no, one, two, and three or more self-reported chronic conditions. We assessed patient experience using four scales from the Norwegian patient experience with GP questionnaire (PEQ-GP). These scales were used as dependent variables in bivariate and multivariate analyses and for testing the measurement model, including confirmatory factor analysis and a multigroup CFA to assess measurement invariance. Qualitative content analysis of open-ended comments was also performed.
Results
Patients with chronic conditions consistently reported lower scores on the GP and GP practice experience scales, compared to those without chronic conditions. This pattern persisted even after adjustment for patient background variables. The strongest associations were found for the scale of “Enablement”, followed by the scales of “GP” and “Practice”. The subscale “Accessibility” did not correlate significantly with any number of chronic conditions. Qualitative analysis of free-text comments echoed the quantitative results. Patients with multimorbidity stressed the importance of time spent on consultations, meeting the same GP, follow-up and relationship more often than patients with no chronic conditions. Our study also confirmed measurement invariance across patients with no chronic conditions and patients with multimorbidity, indicating that the observed differences in patient experience were a result of true differences, rather than artifacts of measurement bias.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for the healthcare system to provide customised support for patients with chronic conditions and multimorbidity, while seeking to maintain equitable quality of care for all patients. Addressing the specific needs of patients with multimorbidity is a critical step towards enhancing patient experience and the quality of care in general practice.
Is bladder outlet obstruction rat model to induce overactive bladder (OAB) has similarity to human OAB? : Research on the events in smooth muscle, collagen, interstitial cell and telocyte expression
Authors: Wishahi Mohamed , Hassan Sarah , kamal Nabawya , Badawy Mohamed , Hafiz Ehab
Published: October 2023

BackgroundCellular and cytoskeletal events of overactive bladder (OAB) have not been sufficiently explored in human bladder due to different limitations. Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) had been induced with different methods to induce overactive bladder (OAB). Similarity of the animal models of BOO to the human OAB is postulated, but has not been confirmed. The interstitial cells of cajal (ICCs) and telocyted (TCs) is an important player in smooth muscles conductivity, they had not been well investigated in previous works.Objectivesinvestigating the morphological pattern of cellular, cytoskeleton and telocyte expression in BOO rat model and compare it to the findings in real-world human OAB.MethodsFemale Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into BOO group (n = 20), and control group (n = 10). Sex weeks and 8 week were chosen to evaluate the effect of time of BOO on the bladder changes. After 6 weeks (n= 10) and 8 weeks (n=10) of induction of BOO, and the control-sham group (n= 10) the bladder was examined with histopathologically, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and transmission electron microscopy (EM). The dataset of human OAB were extracted from an open access published data comprised 5 cases of OAB that undergone similar investigations.ResultsAnimal model: Histological examination of the bladder wall after 6 & 8 weeks of BOO shows thinner urothelium, and condensation of collagen between muscle bundles. IHC with c-Kit shows excess expressed of ICCs between smooth muscle bundles. EM shows frequent expression TCs that were situated between collagen fibers. The dataset of human OAB there was similarity to the finding in the animal model. Human OAB: showed similar findings.ConclusionThe animal model study demonstrated increased collagen/ smooth muscle ratio, high intensity of ICCs and presence of TCs. In the human study, identical investigations showed similarities in the changes of smooth muscle cells and cytoskeleton. These findings confirm that a minimillally invasive procedure to induce BOO to result in an OAB has a morphological similarity to the human OAB. The expression of TCs in both animal model and human OAB warrant further study to define its role in OAB.
On the inverse Möbius transformation and the partitions into distinct parts
Authors: Simbron Romulo Leoncio Cruz
Published: October 2023

The inverse Möbius transformation is a bijection between two sequences. We present here a tree representation that allow us to appreciate the order inherent to this operation and its relationship with the functions like the integer partitions in distinct part (D(n)) or the smallest or largest terms in a partition.
An Analysis of Discourse Markers Used by Pakistani Presidents/Prime Ministers in Their Speeches at UN General Assembly Sessions
Authors: Maqsood Adnan
Published: October 2023

This study examines the use of discourse markers (DMs) in Pakistani political speeches at the United Nations General Assembly. The study analysed six political speech transcripts for discourse markers, categorised them by their functions, and used Fung and Carter's framework (2007) for classification and examined with the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA). The research aims to analyse the discoursal aspects of the political genre and highlight the significance of DMs as a linguistic strategy in political communication. The study's findings reveal that DMs are critical in projecting confidence and authority while avoiding markers that isolate or estrange specific audience segments. Both democratic and dictatorial leaders use interpersonal markers to establish rapport with their audience. Continuation markers play a crucial role in ensuring the coherence and continuity of ideas in their political speeches. This study underscores the strategic use of DMs in political communication and its implications for shaping the persuasive message conveyed by politicians to their audience. It highlights the crucial role of DMs in political discourse and underscores the importance of studying them to gain a deeper understanding of the political genre. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the use of DMs in political speeches and their role in shaping the persuasive message of politicians to their audience.
Implementation of Delineation Error Detection Systems in Clinical Practice: Do AI-Supported Optimization and Human Preferences Meet?
Authors: Chaves-de-Plaza Nicolas F. , Mody Prerak , Hildebrandt Klaus , Staring Marius , Astreinidou Eleftheria , de Ridder Mischa , de Ridder Huib , Vilanova Anna , Egmond René van
Published: October 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based auto-delineation technologies rapidly delineate multiple structures of interest like organs-at-risk and tumors in 3D medical images, reducing personnel load and facilitating time-critical therapies. Despite its accuracy, the AI may produce flawed delineations, requiring clinician attention. Quality assessment (QA) of these delineations is laborious and demanding. Delineation error detection systems aim to aid QA, yet questions linger about clinician adoption, challenges, and time-saving potential. In this study, we address these queries in two stages. First, we investigate the error detection workflow of a radiotherapy technologist and a radiation oncologist from Holland Proton Therapy Center, a Dutch cancer treatment center. The user study revealed which information sources clinicians prefer to use for the error prioritization task and elucidated clinicians' slice-based navigation workflows with and without system assistance. Based on the findings from the user study, we developed a simulation model of the QA process, which we used to assess different error detection workflows on a retrospective cohort of 42 head and neck cancer patients. The simulation study results indicate potential time savings through error and dose information, contingent on per-slice analysis time remaining near the current baseline. Our findings encourage the development of user-centric delineation error detection systems and provide a new way to model and evaluate these systems' potential clinical value.
Understanding the Interplay between Organisational Injustice and the Health and Wellbeing of Female Police Officers: A Meta-Ethnography
Authors: Illias Mahnoz , Riach Kathleen , Demou Evangelia
Published: October 2023

Background: Female police officers are reported to encounter more bias, discriminatory practices, and inadequate support than their male counterparts and experience poorer health outcomes. This meta-ethnographic review looks beyond individual responsibilities to consider what aspects of policing and how they impact the health and well-being of female police officers.Methods: Primary qualitative and mixed method studies published between 2000 and 2022 were included. A total of ten databases were searched using terms related to health, wellbeing, females, police, and qualitative research. In total, twenty-one papers met the inclusion criteria. A seven-phase inductive and interpretative meta-ethnographic technique was employed to synthesise, analyse, and interpret the data.Results: The data analysis revealed a distinct outcome that demonstrated a strong relationship and substantial impacts of organisational injustice on the health and well-being of female police officers. Our findings showed that organisational injustice, encompassing procedural, relational, distributive, and gendered injustice, significantly influences the health and well-being of female officers. Impacts on mental health were commonly referred, followed by aspects influencing social health, workplace wellbeing, and physical health. Moreover, the effects of these four forms of organisational injustice and the associated cultural, systemic, and structural risk factors extend beyond the immediate health and wellbeing impacts on the individual female officer through impeding other aspects of their work life, such as career progression and work-life balance, that can further impact long-term health and well-being.Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of addressing organisational injustice and the cultural, systemic, and structural risk factors within policing to promote healthier and more inclusive workforces for female officers. Policymakers and practitioners should critically examine policies and practices that may appear gender neutral but disproportionately impact women, affecting the health and well-being of female police officers. By addressing these issues, transformative action can be taken to create safer, more supportive, and healthier working environments for female police officers.
Human-Robot Harmonious Coexistence: A Robot Navigation Framework Follows Social Norms in Dynamic Scenarios
Authors: LingliYu  , JiaweiLuo  , WeiweiZhu  , ZhengTan  , JianzhiZhou
Published: October 2023

Designing a path planner that provides humans with a comfortable experience is a crucial step in enabling robots to seamlessly integrate into human environments. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework that equips robots with the ability to navigate in human environments by taking into account social norms and predicting human trajectories. Firstly, we propose a generalized social space modeling method based on Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). This model is used to constrain the robot's adherence to social norms and incorporates factors such as human posture, velocity, and group distribution. Secondly, to achieve collision-free navigation, we introduce a trajectory prediction method using a four-parameter logistic curve. This method considers human historical trajectory information, velocity constraints, and incorporates confidence weights. Finally, we use piecewise high-order polynomials to optimize robot's local trajectory spatiotemporally. The collision avoidance constraints between the robot and humans are carefully designed to maximize human comfort and robot sociability. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we compare it with existing methods, and the results demonstrate a significant improvement in human comfort.
Utilizing Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for Detecting Multiple Sclerosis Based on Vessel Analysis
Authors: yaghoubi Neda , kafieh Rahele
Published: October 2023

Background:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease affecting the central nervous system, leading to various disturbances, including visual impairment. Early and accurate diagnosis of MS is critical for effective treatment and management. Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (SLO) is a non-invasive technique that provides high-quality retinal images, serving as a promising resource for the early detection of MS. This research investigates a vessel-based approach for MS detection in SLO images using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks.
Material and Methods:
A total of 106 Healthy Controls (HCs) and 39 MS patients (78 eyes) were enrolled. After implementing quality control measures and removing poor-quality or damaged images, the research utilized a total of 265 photos (73 MS and 192 HC). An approach for the early detection of MS in SLO images using LSTM networks is introduced. This approach involves two steps: 1. Pre-training a deep neural network on the source dataset, and 2. Tuning the network on the target dataset of SLO images.
Results:
The significance of vessel segmentation in MS detection is examined, and the application of the proposed method in improving diagnostic models is explored. The proposed approach achieves an accuracy rate of 97.44% when evaluated on a test dataset consisting of SLO pictures.
Conclusions:
Through experiments on SLO datasets and employing the proposed vessel-based approach with LSTM, empirical results demonstrate that this approach contributes to the early detection of MS with high accuracy. These models exhibit the capability to accurately detect the disease with high precision and appropriate sensitivity.
Therapeutic effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 against mechanical trauma in rat model of postpartum stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Chen Shaohui , Wei Bingyan , Zhang Sanyuan , Li Hongmei , Huang Rui
Published: October 2023

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was mainly caused by childbirth which injured the urethra and surrounding tissues’ structural integrity. Promoting periurethral structure repair and preventing its further damage had the potential to treat SUI. Ginsenoside Rb1(GS-Rb1) was one of the important monomer extracts of traditional Chinese medicine ginseng and notoginseng, which had anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, and promotion of tissue repair effects. In this study, we demonstrated the effects and the mechanism of GS-Rb1 on SUI induced by mechanical trauma by establishing of SUI rat model by vaginal distension(VD) method. We found that GS-Rb1 alleviated the symptoms associated with SUI and significantly decreased the number of fragmented and disorganized elastic and muscle fibers in the urethra and anterior vaginal wall of SUI rats, and increased collagen content, reduced the disruption of the structural integrity in the periurethral myofiber. Furthermore, GS-Rb1 promoted the expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad7, p-Smad3, p-Smad2, collagens I and III, also increased the protein levels of Nrf2, GPX1, and MnSOD. Thus, our study identified that GS-Rb1 effectively reduced mechanical trauma to the urethral fibromuscular system in an SUI rat model. This study identifies GS-Rb1 as a TGF-β1/Smad3 and NRF2/ARE signaling pathway agonist and provides a potentially practical pharmacological approach for treating postpartum mechanical trauma SUI.
Analyzing the effect of recasting on the properties of hybrid aluminum matrix composite (Al7075/SiC/TiB2)
Authors: Barman Akashjyoti
Published: October 2023

The present research work investigates the effect of recasting on the properties of hybrid aluminum matrix composite (Al7075/SiC/TiB2). The hybrid aluminum matrix composite was fabricated through the stir casting method with different reinforcement content. For recasting both the original composites were melted together in the induction furnace. After recasting, we observe a reduction in properties compared to the original hybrid aluminum matrix composite. Microstructural analysis showed an increase in agglomeration formation of reinforcement for the remelted composite. The minimum hardness value was observed for the remelted composite of 134.6 HV and the maximum wear rate was also observed for the remelted composite of 122.52 to 273.91 micrometers. Negative effects of recasting on the properties of the hybrid aluminum matrix composite were observed.
Impact of COVID-19 on Physiology Research: Global Lessons Learned and Future Recommendations
Authors: Patel Jeet , De Santanu
Published: October 2023

The Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused massive changes in not only the medical field but every aspect of the world. As the whole world moved from in-person to remote, students found themselves in a predicament where they were forced to take school online, from home. This would mean that all projects, research, tests, and meetings were conducted over Zoom or other online meeting platforms. Labs were shut down or only a limited number of people were allowed to enter to conduct the necessary research. In this paper, the field of physiological research throughout the world will be discussed, and how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the research process of all anatomical fields and experiments themselves. An extensive literature review of many published reports has been conducted for the study. The purpose of this is to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the vast area of physiological studies and research.  Experiments that were being conducted were halted, which could change the entirety of the results. A major issue found is that volunteers were at a minimum, specifically in the ages greater than 65 years, were scarce as they refused to volunteer due to COVID-19 risk or various other reasons. As the volunteers began to drop, experiments conducted by students were forced to change to an online-only format. Medical students were forced to conduct physiological research from home as they spoke with volunteers over the phone. This not only changes the results coming in but also the learning progression for the students. This comprehensive literature review analysis summarizes how, among multifarious short- and/or long-term consequences of the pandemic in practically every sphere, the area of physiological research was drastically impacted.
How did COVID-19 Influence Anatomy Education Around the World?
Authors: Patel Sneh , De Santanu
Published: October 2023

The Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disrupted the higher education sector worldwide in several disciplines, especially those in healthcare as well as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) that require active, experiential learning via practical application of concepts centering around Anatomy. Dynamic instructional and technological interventions took place rapidly in an effort to minimize the adverse repercussions of moving away from traditional means of education in these critical scientific fields. COVID-19 necessitated administrators, faculty, students, and interns at colleges, universities, medical/healthcare science programs and residencies to pursue teaching, learning, and assessment of Anatomy courses/curricula through innovative strategies without compromising the quality or rigor of education. Adaptation and integration of remote/hybrid learning and teaching methodologies were essential, along with governmental as well as organizational interventions. Alternative synchronous and asynchronous approaches of e-pedagogy were implemented through simulation labs, virtual cadaver dissections and histological examinations, recorded video-lectures, online meeting platforms, and cutting-edge technological software and tools to maintain the quality of education while prioritizing everyone’s health and safety. Based on varying economic stability, different countries and regions dealt with the ramifications of COVID-19 on Anatomy and Physiology education differently. This systematic review encapsulates, for the first time, original reports published around the globe from the past three years on such key implications of COVID-19 in Anatomy higher studies, combined with relevant recommendations. This comprehensive analysis would help improve the content, delivery, and efficacy of education in these clinically important subjects to facilitate better preparation for future pandemics.
Wpływ radioterapii na jakość życia pacjentek w trakcie leczenia nowotworu piersi w zakładzie radioterapii we Włocławku
Authors: Kurtys Joanna
Published: October 2023

Wstęp.  Radioterapia tak jak i inne metody leczenia onkologicznego wiążą się ze znaczącym pogorszeniem codziennego funkcjonowania chorych we wszystkich sferach życia.

Cel. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu radioterapii na jakość życia pacjentek w trakcie leczenia nowotworu piersi.

Materiał i metody. Materiał badawczy, który posłużył do opracowania pracy uzyskano korzystając z metody badawczej jaką jest sondaż diagnostyczny. Badaniem objęto kobiety w trakcie leczenia nowotworu piersi w wieku od 18 do 70 roku życia. Badania przeprowadzono w terminie od 01.09- 30.10.2022 roku. W pracy oparto się na ankiecie własnej i wykorzystano standaryzowane kwestionariusze EORTC QLQ-C30 i EORTC QLQ-BR2.

Wyniki. W trakcie radioterapii pacjentki wskazywały na znaczne problemy podczas wykonywania męczących czynności. Odczuwały również znaczne ograniczenia podczas wykonywanej pracy i przy realizowaniu hobby. Podczas radioterapii kobiety trochę odczuwały problemy związane z funkcjonowaniem poznawczym. Radioterapia wpłynęła na funkcjonowanie społeczne i emocjonalne pacjentek. Naświetlanie znacznie wpłynęło na odczuwanie bólu, duszności, trudności ze snem, brak apetytu, zaparcia, biegunki i na kłopoty finansowe. Wystąpiły także efekty uboczne leczenia.

Wnioski. Badania wykazały, że jakość życia pacjentek uległa zmianie podczas radioterapii i w znacznym stopniu uległa pogorszeniu w aspekcie poznawczym, emocjonalnym i społecznym.
Terapia daremna w opinii pielęgniarek
Authors: Rybka Mariola , Pytel Wioletta
Published: October 2023

Wstęp. Uporczywa terapia, czyli długotrwałe i intensywne leczenie, nieprzynoszące poprawy stanu pacjenta, stanowi wyzwanie nie tylko dla pacjentów, ale również dla personelu medycznego, w szczególności dla pielęgniarek. Wykonywanie codziennych obowiązków w warunkach dużej presji czasowej, ciągłego stresu oraz konieczności podejmowania trudnych decyzji związanych z udziałem w procesie terapeutycznym pacjentów, może prowadzić do pojawienia się dylematów etycznych. W pracy pielęgniarskiej etyka odgrywa kluczową rolę, gdyż stanowi ona fundament norm postępowania i decyzji podejmowanych przez pracowników służby zdrowia.

Cel. Celem badań było poznanie opinii pielęgniarek na temat terapii daremnej

Materiały i metody. Badaniem objęto grupę 100 pielęgniarek/rzy aktywnych zawodowo pracujących w oddziale Intensywnej Terapii i Opieki Paliatywnej w Szpitalu w Inowrocławiu. Wiek respondentów mieścił się 25 do 60 r.ż. Metodą wykorzystaną w powyższej pracy był sondaż diagnostyczny. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz konstrukcji własnej składający się z 27 pytań zamkniętych. Na przeprowadzenie badań uzyskano zgodę Komisji Bioetycznej Państwowej Uczelni Zawodowej we Włocławku, uchwał numer 32/22

Wyniki. Respondenci potwierdzili występowanie zjawiska prowadzenia uporczywej terapii stosowanej wobec pacjentów przewlekle chorych oraz z chorobą nowotworową. 93% ankietowanych poprawnie definiuje pojęcie uporczywej terapii. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że 70% ankietowanych uznaje ograniczenie lub zaprzestanie terapii daremnej za etyczne oraz ¾ badanych wskazuje, że terapia daremna ma negatywny wpływ zarówno na pacjenta, jak i jego bliskich.

Wnioski. Współczesne osiągnięcia nauk medycznych i technicznych pozwalają na długotrwałe, sztuczne podtrzymywanie życia tylko nie zawsze jest to zgodne z zasadami etyki.  Pielęgniarki podczas pracy zawodowej wielokrotnie napotykają sytuacje przekroczenia granicy przynoszącej pozytywny efekt terapeutyczny i rozpoczęcia uporczywej terapii.
Modeling of a low-temperature gas treatment system
Authors: Kuznetsov M. P.
Published: October 2023

Objective. The main purpose of the work is: investigation of the effect of changes in technological parameters on the efficiency of the separation process and determination of optimal technological modes of operation of gas field X CNTS in the separation process.

Method. The problem was solved in the KBC Petro-SIM computer program and the LTS model was built. To conduct the study, a model of the LTS was built in the KBC Petro-SIM computer program.

Result. The results obtained with the help of it showed: with the current composition of the gas with a decrease in temperature for every 2oC, with other technological indicators being equal, the specific condensate yield increases in the range from 15 to 30%, and the lower the temperature, the higher this percentage. When the pressure on the throttle decreases by every 0.4 MPa, the condensate output increases, if the pressure drops below 1.8 MPa, the specific condensate output will begin to decrease, which is explained by the pressure drop below the maximum condensation line of the phase diagram. The change in gas flow within the design values did not affect the operation of low-temperature separation. At any available low temperature and high pressure at the inlet to the ILTS, the most optimal mode will be when the pressure after the throttle is maintained within 1.8 - 1.9 MPa. The maximum specific yield of gas condensate (48.21%) was obtained at a pressure at the inlet to the ILTS of 5.1 MPa, a temperature after the heat exchanger of minus 2oC and a pressure drop at the throttle of 3.05 MPa. As part of the numerical research, the following results were obtained: with an increase in the pressure at the inlet to the ILTC, the change in the specific output of the gas condensate is insignificant, but with this parameter it is possible to create a larger pressure drop on the throttle; with a decrease in the gas temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger, the specific yield of the gas condensate will increase; with an increase in the pressure drop at the throttle, the specific output of the gas condensate increases until the pressure after the throttle reaches the range of values of 1.8 – 1.9 MPa. In this interval, the maximum specific condensate yield is achieved. With a further increase in the pressure drop on the throttle, the specific output of the gas condensate decreases. This is explained by the phenomenon of retrograde condensation, since the maximum condensation line is in the range of these pressures.

Conclusion. Based on the results of the work, it was found that the developed software module can be used to solve the emerging series of problems. The results of the work show the suitability of the proposed method for practical purposes.
Express - a method of forming a representative expert coalition based on an extended correlation matrix
Authors: Zhilin R. A.
Published: October 2023

Objective. The aim of the study is to develop an effective express method for the formation of a representative expert coalition based on the analysis of correlations between expert opinions.

Method. It is proposed to use an extended correlation matrix, which takes into account not only the strength of the correlation between the experts’ ratings, but also the average value of the ratings for the entire set of highly qualified specialists. This matrix will take into account the diversity of opinions and preferences of highly qualified specialists, as well as provide a high degree of representativeness in making collective decisions.

Result. Verification of the obtained results was carried out on the example of polls of police officers in relation to violators of security systems. A significant number of various calculations determines the implementation of the developed numerical method using a computer. This express method is a useful tool for the rapid and efficient formation of representative expert coalitions and decision-making based on the opinions of a large number of highly qualified specialists.

Conclusion. The proposed method can be applied in various scientific and technical fields, such as expert systems, multi-criteria decision making, risk assessment, and other situations where it is necessary to combine the opinions of a large number of experts.
Sleep Quality, Sleep Efficiency, and Perceived Stress after Synchronous Virtual Mindfulness Meditation Sessions for Higher Education Students
Authors: Enam Nabila , Benham Sara , Green Nancy
Published: October 2023

This study examined the effects of virtual mindfulness meditation programming on sleep efficiency using wearable tracking devices, as well as effects on sleep quality and perceived stress in higher education students. A one-group, pretest-posttest design with convenience sampling and rolling recruitment over a six-month period resulted in twenty-five participants who completed the study and were included in data analysis. Paired t-tests were used to determine statistical significance for sleep efficiency measured using the Fitbit Inspire 2, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) total scores. Significance was observed in positive outcomes for sleep quality (p = 0.010) and perceived stress (p = 0.032). Sleep efficiency resulted in no significant change (p = 0.063). The synchronous virtual program had a positive effect on the sleep quality and perceived stress; however, the use of wearables should be integrated with caution. Higher education students and professionals at higher education institutions may consider non-pharmacological approaches to treating stress and sleep.
Đề xuất thuật toán ước lượng độ cao bờ sông sử dụng máy ảnh ba chiều
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Khanh , Phạm Đan Điền , Lê Trần Đăng Khoa , Nguyễn Chí Ngôn
Published: October 2023

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đề xuất thuật toán ước lượng độ cao ven bờ sông sử dụng máy ảnh 3 chiều (3D - 3 Dimension) Astra Pro của hãng Orbbec. Máy ảnh 3D được sử dụng để thu thập trực tiếp dữ liệu độ sâu trường ảnh của khu vực cần đo. Sau đó, các phương pháp hình học trong thị giác máy tính được áp dụng để ước lượng độ cao của điểm cần đo trong trường ảnh. Độ cao trong trường ảnh sẽ được chuyển đổi sang hệ tọa độ thực và hệ tọa độ địa lý để tăng tính ứng dụng. Kết quả thử nghiệm cho thấy phương pháp ước lượng độ cao được đề xuất có sai số MAE là 0,025 m. Kết quả đo thực địa chứng minh được phương pháp đề xuất đã ước lượng thành công độ cao của bờ sông. Tuy nhiên, sai số ước lượng thực địa chưa được đánh giá do không đủ điều kiện bố trí thí nghiệm đo độ cao đối chứng.
Phân tích khả năng thoát nghèo của hộ nghèo ở nông thôn và thành thị
Authors: Trịnh Thanh Nhân , Trinh Anh Khoa
Published: October 2023

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm làm sáng tỏ khả năng thoát nghèo của hộ nghèo ở nông thôn và thành thị Việt Nam. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu gồm 2.918 hộ từng là hộ nghèo năm 2019 từ bộ dữ liệu điều tra dân số (Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey - VHLSS) năm 2020. Mô hình hồi quy logit nhị phân và phương pháp phân rã Blinder-Oaxaca được sử dụng để đánh giá tác động của các nhân tố và sự khác biệt về khả năng thoát nghèo giữa hộ nghèo ở nông thôn và thành thị. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng mặc dù tỷ lệ hộ nghèo ở nông thôn cao hơn so với thành thị nhưng khả năng thoát nghèo của hộ nghèo ở nông thôn cao hơn so với thành thị. Tác động của các nhân tố đặc điểm nhân khẩu, kinh tế - xã hội của hộ đến khả năng thoát nghèo của hộ nghèo ở nông thôn rõ ràng hơn so với hộ nghèo ở thành thị. Bên cạnh việc cung cấp thông tin cho các nhà làm chính sách trong việc tìm kiếm giải pháp hỗ trợ hộ nghèo, nghiên cứu này còn cung cấp phương pháp nghiên cứu mang tính khoa học cho các nghiên cứu tiếp theo về chủ đề phân tích sự khác biệt giữa hai nhóm.
Xác định đặc tính hóa lý của bưởi da xanh (Citrus maxima) và bưởi năm roi (Citrus grandis l.) theo khối lượng
Authors: Trần Bạch Long , Nguyễn Văn Mười , Nguyễn Thị Kim Tươi , Hà Thanh Toàn
Published: October 2023

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là xác định đặc tính hình thái, hóa lý của bưởi da xanh và Năm Roi. Nghiên cứu được tiến hành thông qua việc đánh giá tính chất hóa lý của bưởi, khảo sát mối tương quan giữa đường kính và khối lượng của 2 giống bưởi. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy 6 hạng bưởi có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ phân bố thành phần, chỉ tiêu chất lượng nhưng khó có thể phân biệt bằng màu sắc. Tỷ lệ thịt quả phần ăn được của bưởi Năm Roi lớn hơn 50% và tỷ lệ thịt quả phần ăn được của bưởi da xanh lớn hơn 55%. Khối lượng và đường kính quả có tương quan tỷ lệ thuận, sự tương quan có khác biệt giữa 2 giống bưởi da xanh và bưởi Năm Roi. Thịt quả của hai giống bưởi ở cả 6 hạng bưởi có chất lượng tốt, chất khô hòa tan cũng như tỷ lệ chất khô hòa tan/ độ acid tăng dần từ loại bưởi bi đến bưởi ngoại cỡ, đối với hàm lượng vitamin C thì ở phân loại bưởi đặc biệt chiếm ưu thế hơn các hạng bưởi khác.
Nghiên cứu xử lý nước thải chế biến vỏ đầu tôm bằng công nghệ Air Stripping kết hợp Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic
Authors: Nguyễn Xuân Hoàng , Nguyễn Đắc Cử , Lê Hoàng Việt , Nguyễn Võ Châu Ngân
Published: October 2023

Ô nhiễm phát sinh từ nước thải giàu dưỡng chất của ngành thủy sản nói chung, và công nghiệp chế biến thủy sản nói riêng tại Đồng bằng Sông Cửu Long đã và đang gia tăng áp lực cho môi trường trong bối cảnh Việt Nam đang thúc đẩy phát triển xuất khẩu thủy sản. Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm kết hợp mô hình cột AS và bể AAO quy mô phòng thí nghiệm để xử lý nước thải chế biến vỏ đầu tôm đạt yêu cầu xả thải. Nước thải đầu vào có nồng độ ô nhiễm rất cao COD » 7.500 mg/L, BOD5 » 2.000 mg/L, N-NH4+ » 1.500 mg/L, N-NO3- » 205 mg/L, TP » 180 mg/L và pH6,8. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy cột AS có thể sử dụng làm công đoạn tiền xử lý ni-tơ trong nước thải với hiệu suất loại bỏ N-NH4+ xấp xỉ 90%. Cụm xử lý chính AAO có hiệu suất xử lý cao với TSS đạt 86,2%, BOD5 98,42%, COD 98,91%, N-NH4+ 95,36%, N-NO3- 98,43%, và TP 93%. Sau khi qua hệ thống AS kết hợp AAO thì nước sau xử lý đạt chuẩn xả thải của QCVN 11-MT:2015/BTNMT.
Nghiên cứu điều kiện bảo quản puree bí đỏ (Cucurbita moschata d.) ở nhiệt độ lạnh
Authors: Nguyễn Cẩm Tú , Phan Nguyễn Trang , Đoàn Anh Dũng , Tống Thị Ánh Ngọc
Published: October 2023

Nghiên cứu này khảo sát các điều kiện bảo quản đối với puree bí đỏ ở nhiệt độ lạnh nhằm duy trì chất lượng, đảm bảo an toàn và kéo dài thời gian bảo quản. Đường và kali sorbate được bổ sung ở các nồng độ khác nhau và theo dõi các biến đổi về chất lượng hóa lý và vi sinh vật của puree khi bảo quản ở 10±2oC. Kết quả cho thấy, puree bí đỏ được bảo quản ở điều kiện đối chứng (không bổ sung phụ gia) có hạn sử dụng là 3 ngày. Puree bổ sung 10% đường và 0,05% kali sorbate có thể giúp kéo dài thời gian bảo quản của puree bí đỏ đến ngày thứ 9. Sự sai biệt màu sắc tổng thể, a* và b* của puree bí đỏ có xu hướng tăng khi kéo dài thời gian bảo quản trong khi L*, oBrix và aw có xu hướng giảm. Nhìn chung, hàm lượng carotenoid của puree không thay đổi đáng kể sau quá trình bảo quản. Nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy sự phát triển của vi sinh vật là nguyên nhân chính dẫn đến hư hỏng và ảnh hưởng đến hạn sử dụng của puree bí đỏ.
Pengaruh Episodic Future Thinking terhadap Sikap Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Islamey Cut Almira , Faradina Syarifah , Sulistyani Arum , Kumala Intan Dewi
Published: October 2023

Sikap peduli lingkungan merupakan sikap penting dalam menghadapi permasalahan lingkungan dan peristiwa perubahan iklim yang diakibatkan oleh perilaku manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh episodic future thinking terhadap sikap peduli lingkungan. Episodic Future Thinking (EFT), yakni memproyeksikan diri ke masa depan untuk merasakan peristiwa di masa depan. EFT ini telah digunakan pada beberapa penelitian sebelumnya untuk meningkatkan perilaku peduli lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-experimental dengan bentuk one-group pretest-posttest design. Penelitian ini melibatkan 17 partisipan berusia emerging adulthood (18-25 tahun) yang diperoleh dengan teknik incidental sampling menggunakan e-flyer. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan preservation scales dari brief version of Environmental Attitude Inventory (EAI-24) dan 7-point rating scale phenomenological features of episodic future thinking. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai signifikan p=0,001 dan nilai Z sebesar -3,446. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh episodic future thinking terhadap sikap peduli lingkungan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan strategi alternatif untuk meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan maupun perilaku peduli lingkungan di lingkungan kampus atau masyarakat.
Nordau’s warning- Aesthetics under siege
Authors: Manhas Sumedha
Published: October 2023

This research paper delves into the contrasting ideologies of Max Nordau, a prominent critic of the 19th century, and Oscar Wilde, a renowned aesthete and playwright, in the context of late Victorian society. Nordau's theory of degeneration, which condemned deviations from societal norms as signs of cultural decay, is analyzed alongside Wilde's deliberate embrace of excess, maximalism, and aestheticism. By juxtaposing Nordau's conservative views against Wilde's avant-garde approach, this paper explores how Wilde's subversion of Victorian beauty standards challenged prevailing notions of aesthetics, morality, and individuality. Through an in-depth examination of Wilde's works and Nordau's critiques, this research sheds light on the intellectual and artistic tension of the era, highlighting the clash between traditional values and emerging avant-garde movements.