bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of intravitreal therapy of diabetic macular edema on the local and systemic production of cytokines
Authors: Fursova A. Zh. , Derbeneva A. S. , Kozhevnikova O. S. , Telegina D. V. , Devyatkin V. A.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to analyze the levels of cytokines in intraocular fluid (IF) and blood plasma of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) previously untreated by intravitreal therapy before and after the therapy by angiogenesis inhibitor or a corticosteroid. Material and methods. We examined 90 people — 47 females (52.2 %) and 43 males (47.8 %), mean age 64.54 ± 11.30 years. Of these, 60 had DME, and 30 formed the control group. The levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines in IF were determined by Milliplex® Map Human Cytokine/ Chemokine Panel; while the concentration of IL-18, MCP-1/CCL2, EPO, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNα, VEGF-A in blood plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Vector-Best, Russia). Patients with DME received intravitreal injections of an angiogenesis inhibitor (aflibercept. 50 eyes) or a corticosteroid (dexamethasone implant, 30 eyes). Results. Significant differences were revealed in 10 cytokine concentrations between the DME patients and the control group. The concentrations of IL-7, IL-15 and MCP-1/CCL2 levels in IF of DME patients were, respectively, 20.5, 20.3, and 11.02 times higher, than in the control group (р ˂ 0.05). Besides, a pairwise comparison of cytokines concentrations in IF of patients from either treatment group with the controls demonstrated a statistically significant increase in GROα/CXCL1 level. The pairwise comparison also revealed significant differences between the control and the corticosteroid therapy for systemic concentrations of IL-18 (p = 0.017), MCP-1/CCL2 (p = 0.009) and VEGF-A (p = 0.016). Conclusion. A pronounced and significant increase of the levels of a number of cytokines (e.g., IL-7, IL-15. FRACTALKINE/CX3CL1) were only sparsely reported before or remained undetermined at all. Our results on systemic cytokines levels may serve as prerequisite for further research into the role of systemic inflammation in DME pathogenesis. The analysis of associations of our results with those of other clinical biomarkers will contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies.
Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used in endocrine ophthalmopathy
Authors: Gavrilova N. A. , Kutrovskaya N. Yu. , Salimova Kh. N.
Published: March 2023

The literature review presents the results of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used for Graves’ orbitopathy. The data on the thickness of the inner layers of the retina, microcirculation in the peripapillary and macular regions, parameters of the choroid, lamina cribrosa and extraocular muscles were analyzed as possible diagnostic criteria of the condition.
Mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of platelet-rich plasma in macular hole surgery
Authors: Demchenko N. S. , Kleimenov A. Yu. , Kazaykin V. N.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to describe the mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) components on the retina in macular hole (MH) surgery. Material and methods. The results of autologous PRP use in 36 cases of surgical treatment of eyes with idiopathic full-thickness MH sized 96 to 932 mm (ave. 546.4 ± 49.8 mm) are presented. Corrected visual acuity before surgery was 0.04 to 0.2 (0.09 ± 0.01). The quantity of cell elements in PRP fractions was determined using a hematological analyzer Sysmex XS-500i (Germany). Results: 2 months after the operation, all retinal layers in the MH area were found to restore in all patients, who showed an increase in visual acuity to 0.2–0.6 (0.40 ± 0.04). 35 patients (97 %) had no MH relapse over the 6-month post-surgery period. A technique was proposed to evaluate the quality of PRP by the presence of large platelets. The mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of PRP components on the retina were presented. Conclusion. The collection of data on the effectiveness of PRP components is instrumental in planning its wider use in the treatment of degenerative, infectious, post-traumatic and other disorders of eye structures. The evaluation of PRP quality by the content of functionally active platelets will also contribute to more effective PRP use in ophthalmology.
Inhalation anesthesia in laser surgery of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Lesovoy S. V. , Boginskaya O. A. , Arestova E. S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to assess the efficacy of inhalation anesthesia with laryngeal mask in extremely premature infants with low or extremely low birthweight and somatic comorbidities during the surgery of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the active phase of the disease. Materials and methods. 477 infants of 25 to 32 weeks’ gestational age were treated by delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation. Inductive anesthesia with Sevoflurane (BAXTER HEALTHCARE Corp, USA) was followed by placing a laryngeal mask. The delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation was performed using laser devices with an adapter on a binocular forehead ophthalmoscope Supra (Quantel Medical, France) and LachtaMylon (Lasermedservis, Russia,). After the surgery, the recovery from sedation and return of consciousness took 7 to 10 minutes. Results. An inhalation of Sevoflurane with the adoption of a laryngeal mask airway significantly decreases complications of anesthesia in premature infants with comorbidities and reduces the length of hospital stay. The quick clearance of Sevoflurane makes it possible to begin feeding the infant one hour after the surgery. Conclusion. Inhalation anesthesia with Sevoflurane is a method ensuring that preterm infants receive adequate anesthesia in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in its active phase.
Algunas notas (e interrogantes) sobre las nuevas reglas CIADI para mediar disputas entre estados e inversionistas
Authors: Rios Pizarro Carlos Augusto
Published: March 2023

El mérito de este trabajo busca abordar un mecanismo de resolución de disputas entre inversionistas y Estado como lo es la mediación. Para dicha finalidad, intentaremos aclarar -dentro de la extensión que nos permite el presente artículo ciertos temas que pueden ser de utilidad, como que entender por mediación, su uso en materia de disputa de inversiones, y su funcionamiento bajo las actuales reglas del CIADI.
Microchannel structure of a spark discharge in a pin to plane " gap at different air pressures
Authors: Trenkin A. A.  , Almazova K. I.  , Belonogov A. N.  , Borovkov V. V.  , Gorelov E. V.  , Dolotov A. S.
Published: March 2023

Using high-speed photography and shadow photography, the structure of the glow and the microstructure of the spark discharge in a 1.5 mm long "pin(cathode)-plane" gap in air in the pressure range from 300 to 760 Torr has been studied. The presence of a microchannel structure of the discharge in the indicated pressure range was established --- the discharge is a aggregation of a large number of micron-diameter channels. It is shown that with decreasing pressure, the evolution of the microstructure and glow of the discharge lags behind the onset of breakdown, however, their morphology retains similarity at different pressures Keywords: spark discharge, microstructure, method of shadow photography, high-speed shooting.
Crystallization and silicon carbide formation in two-layer amorphous silicon-carbon films during electron irradiation
Authors: Sidorov A.I.  , Leks E. Y.  , Podsvirov O.A.  , Vinogradov A. Y.
Published: March 2023

It is shown that the irradiation by focused electron beam with electron energy of 10 keV of two-layer amorphous silicon-carbon films 60 nm thick results in films partial crystallization. Moreover, in the irradiated zone the layer of crystalline silicon carbide with luminescent properties is formed. The observed effects are confirmed by methods of Raman spectroscopy and by luminescence spectra Keywords: silicon, carbon, silicon carbide, film, structure, electron beam, Raman spectroscopy.
CoFe/Cu/CoFe/FeMn spin valves and CoFe/Cu/CoFe three-layer nanostructures at microwave frequencies
Authors: Rinkevich A. B.  , Kuznetsov E. A.  , Perov D. V.  , Milyaev M. A.  , Naumova L. I.  , Makarova M. V.
Published: March 2023

The microwave magnetoresistance of CoFe/Cu/CoFe/FeMn spin valves and CoFe/Cu/CoFe three-layer nanostructures with high magnetoresistance has been studied. The transmission and reflection coefficients were measured at the frequency range from 26 to 38 GHz in magnetic fields up to 12 kOe. It is shown that the dependences of the transmission coefficient of spin valves are not symmetric with respect to the H=0 axis, as well as the dependences of magnetoresistance. It is established that the relative changes in the microwave transmission coefficient are 1.5-2 times higher than the relative magnetoresistance measured at direct current. Changes in the reflection coefficient have a smaller value and the opposite sign with respect to changes in the transmission coefficient. Keywords: metal superlattices, spin valves, ferromagnetic resonance, ferromagnetic antiresonance, microwave giant magnetoresistance effect.
Two coupled quasiperiodic generators excited by external force
Authors: Kuznetsov A.P.  , Sedova Yu.V.  , Stankevich N.V.
Published: March 2023

A system of two dissipatively coupled generators, which can exhibit autonomous quasiperiodic oscillations, excited by a harmonic signal, is studied. Lyapunov charts are presented that reveal the regimes of invariant tori of different dimensions and chaos. Phase portraits in stroboscopic section and double Poincare section are presented. The coexistence of different regimes, in particular, the bifurcations of invariant tori, is discussed. Keywords: quasiperiodic oscillations, coupled generators, Lyapunov charts, invariant torus, Poincare section, quasiperiodic bifurcation.
Propagation of solitary pressure wave through the microwave discharge region in the air at medium pressures
Authors: Bychkov V.L.  , Grachev L.P.  , Esakov I.I.  , Semenov A.V.
Published: March 2023

Results of experiments on a propagation of a pressure wave with a shock-wave leading front through a gas region excited by a pulsed freely localized discharge of the microwave wavelength range are described. The discharge was realized in air at a pressure from 14 to 100 Torr in the focal region of a quasi-optical electromagnetic beam of the microwave wavelength range. The experiments revealed three types of interaction of the gas-dynamic pulse with the region excited by the discharge in the post-discharge mode. The specific type of interaction is defined by the initial structure of the discharge and the delay time of the gas-dynamic pulse passage through the excited region. Keywords: aerodynamics, microwave discharge, pressure wave.
On the destruction of elastic polymer materials under the action of an electron beam
Authors: Gurevich M. I.  , Kazakov E. D.  , Kalinin Yu. G.  , Kurilo A. A.  , Tel’kovskaya O. V.  , Chukbar K. V.
Published: March 2023

An explanation for a feature found in several experiments in the general picture of the destruction of non-brittle polymers under the influence of a shock wave initiated by a powerful electron beam is proposed. The distance of the cracking region from the surface of the material affected by the beam to a finite length in depth is associated with the three-dimensional nature of the propagation of elastic waves. The universality of the effect is demonstrated by the simplest isotropic model, which shows that large tensile stresses are effectively generated inside the target at its sufficiently large transverse and longitudinal size, even without taking into account nonlinear and shear processes. Keywords: high-current electron beams, shock waves, polymer materials, high pressures.
Geo-referencing images of wide-angle optical systems
Authors: Syrenova T.E.  , Beletsky A B  , Vasilyev R.V.
Published: March 2023

A technique is described for referecing images of wide-angle optical systems intended for registration own radiation of the Earth's atmosphere, to geographic coordinates. The technique is based on an automatic procedure for the stars emphasing and identification in the frames and subsequent georeferencing. An example of the technique use for calculating the characteristics of a long-lived meteor trail based on observation data of two spatially separated wide-angle optical systems is shown. Keywords: Geo-referencing, all-sky camera, star identification, atmospheric emission, long-lasting trail.
Magnetization of Needle Graphene Embedded in a Polystyrene Matrix
Authors: Ionov A. N.  , Volkov M. P.
Published: March 2023

In this work, we study the magnetization of two types of particles of a composite consisting of polystyrene and multilayer graphene chemically bonded to it, obtained by magnetic separation of the initial composite. For needle-shaped particles, a ferromagnetic type of magnetization was observed for the first time, with values of saturation magnetization that are large for graphene. For flat, macroscopic particles of the composite, a superposition of several contributions to the magnetization was observed. Keywords: graphene, polystyrene, composite, magnetization, ferromagnetism, superconductivity.
Investigation of the influence of the type of the lightning diverter strip on the spectrum of electromagnetic interference on the antenna under the model of the nose radome of the aircraft by using an artificial thunderstorm cell
Authors: Temnikov A. G.  , Chernensky L. L.  , Orlov A. V.  , Lysov N. Y.  , Belova O. S.  , Kovalev D. I.  , Kivshar T. K.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the results of physical modeling of the effect of solid and segmented lightning diverter strips on the spectrum of electromagnetic interference on the antenna under the model of the aircraft nose radome under the influence of an artificial thunderstorm cell. It is shown that the use of segmented lightning diverter strips leads to appearance of signals with frequencies up to a few gigahertz in the spectrum on the antenna. The relationship between the antenna signal spectrum and spectral characteristics of current pulses on the lightning diverter strip is established. The influence of discharges along the radome surface and those between the segments on the electromagnetic interference spectrum on the antenna under the radome has been revealed. Keywords: lightning, solid and segmented lightning diverter strips, model of aircraft nose radome, artificial thunderstorm cell, wavelet spectrum, discharge.
Two types of plasma channel structure in high pressure pulse discharge in cesium
Authors: Baksht F. G.  , Lapshin V. F.
Published: March 2023

Simulation of the pulse-periodic high pressure cesium discharge is performed on the basis of equations of radiative gas dynamics. It is shown that in the discharge it is possible to implement two different types of structure of the plasma channel. At the beginning of the current pulse, the plasma discharge channel has a centered structure. At the same time, most of the plasma is concentrated near the discharge axis. The concentration of charged particles decreases along the radius.Then, if the current amplitude is large enough, during the plasma heating process, a transformation from the centered to the shell structure of the channel occurs. In this case, most of the plasma is concentrated on the periphery of the discharge and its concentration increases along the radius from the axis to the walls of the tube. It is shown that the transition from one channel structure to another occurs at a time when the specific heat capacity of the plasma near the axis reaches a deep minimum corresponding to a completely single ionized e-i-plasma. Keywords: low-temperature plasma, pulse discharge, plasma channel.
Replacing tunnel junctions in InP with conduction channels with GaP crystallites
Authors: Marichev A. E.  , Epoletov V. S.  , Vlasov A. S.  , Pushnyi B. V.  , Lihachev A. I.  , Nashchekin A. V.
Published: March 2023

The results of investigations by the method of Electron beam-induced current of p-n-junctions based on InP with GaP crystallites in the space charge region are presented. It is shown that the introduction of crystallites into the space charge region leads to short-circuiting of the p-n-junction. The quality of the material grown on top of the crystallites allows to create of photoactive regions, as evidenced by measurements of the photoluminescence spectra. Keywords: crystallites, tunnel junction, connecting element.
Effectiveness and Medicoeconomic Evaluation of Home Monitoring of Patients With Mild COVID-19: Covidom Cohort Study
Authors: Jaulmes Luc , Yordanov Youri , Descamps Alexandre , Durand-Zaleski Isabelle , Dinh Aurélien , Jourdain Patrick , Dechartres Agnès
Published: March 2023

Background

Covidom was a telemonitoring solution for home monitoring of patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, deployed in March 2020 in the Greater Paris area in France to alleviate the burden on the health care system. The Covidom solution included a free mobile application with daily monitoring questionnaires and a regional control center to quickly handle patient alerts, including dispatching emergency medical services when necessary.

Objective

This study aimed to provide an overall evaluation of the Covidom solution 18 months after its inception in terms of effectiveness, safety, and cost.

Methods

Our primary outcome was to measure effectiveness using the number of handled alerts, response escalation, and patient-reported medical contacts outside of Covidom. Then, we analyzed the safety of Covidom by assessing its ability to detect clinical worsening, defined as hospitalization or death, and the number of patients with clinical worsening without any preceding alert. We evaluated the cost of Covidom and compared the cost of hospitalization for Covidom and non-Covidom patients with mild COVID-19 cases seen in the emergency departments of the largest network of hospitals in the Greater Paris area (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris). Finally, we reported on user satisfaction.

Results

Of the 60,073 patients monitored by Covidom, the regional control center handled 285,496 alerts and dispatched emergency medical services 518 times. Of the 13,204 respondents who responded to either of the follow-up questionnaires, 65.8% (n=8690) reported having sought medical care outside the Covidom solution during their monitoring period. Of the 947 patients who experienced clinical worsening while adhering to daily monitoring, only 35 (3.7%) did not previously trigger alerts (35 were hospitalized, including 1 who died). The average cost of Covidom was €54 (US $1=€0.8614) per patient, and the cost of hospitalization for COVID-19 worsening was significantly lower in Covidom than in non-Covidom patients with mild COVID-19 cases seen in the emergency departments of Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. The patients who responded to the satisfaction questionnaire had a median rating of 9 (out of 10) for the likelihood of recommending Covidom.

Conclusions

Covidom may have contributed to alleviating the pressure on the health care system in the initial months of the pandemic, although its impact was lower than anticipated, with a substantial number of patients having consulted outside of Covidom. Covidom seems to be safe for home monitoring of patients with mild to moderate COVID-19.
A Bluetooth-Enabled Device for Real-Time Detection of Sitting, Standing, and Walking: Cross-Sectional Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara Reza , Rawstorn Jonathan C , Dunstan David W , Shariful Islam Sheikh Mohammed , Abdelrazek Mohamed , Kouzani Abbas Z , Thummala Poojith , McVicar Jenna , Maddison Ralph
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

This study assesses the accuracy of a Bluetooth-enabled prototype activity tracker called the Sedentary behaviOR Detector (SORD) device in identifying sedentary, standing, and walking behaviors in a group of adult participants.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this study was to determine the criterion and convergent validity of SORD against direct observation and activPAL.

METHODS

A total of 15 healthy adults wore SORD and activPAL devices on their thighs while engaging in activities (lying, reclining, sitting, standing, and walking). Direct observation was facilitated with cameras. Algorithms were developed using the Python programming language. The Bland-Altman method was used to assess the level of agreement.

RESULTS

Overall, 1 model generated a low level of bias and high precision for SORD. In this model, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were all above 0.95 for detecting sitting, reclining, standing, and walking. Bland-Altman results showed that mean biases between SORD and direct observation were 0.3% for sitting and reclining (limits of agreement [LoA]=–0.3% to 0.9%), 1.19% for standing (LoA=–1.5% to 3.42%), and –4.71% for walking (LoA=–9.26% to –0.16%). The mean biases between SORD and activPAL were –3.45% for sitting and reclining (LoA=–11.59% to 4.68%), 7.45% for standing (LoA=–5.04% to 19.95%), and –5.40% for walking (LoA=–11.44% to 0.64%).

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that SORD is a valid device for detecting sitting, standing, and walking, which was demonstrated by excellent accuracy compared to direct observation. SORD offers promise for future inclusion in theory-based, real-time, and adaptive interventions to encourage physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior.
An ETL-process design for incremental loading German real-world data based on FHIR and OMOP CDM: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Henke Elisa , Peng Yuan , Reinecke Ines , Zoch Michéle , Sedlmayr Martin , Bathelt Franziska
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

In the Medical Informatics in Research and Care in University Medicine (MIRACUM) consortium, an IT-based clinical trial recruitment support system (CTRSS) was developed based on the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). Currently, OMOP CDM is populated with German Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) using an Extract-Transform-Load (ETL)-process, which was designed as bulk load. However, the computational effort that comes with an everyday full load is not efficient for daily recruitment.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to extend our existing ETL-process with the option of incremental loading to efficiently support daily updated data.

METHODS

Based on our existing bulk ETL-process, we performed an analysis to determine requirements of incremental loading. Furthermore, a literature review was conducted to identify adaptable approaches. Based on this, we implemented three methods to integrate incremental loading into our ETL-process. Lastly, a test suite was defined, to evaluate the incremental loading for data correctness and performance compared to bulk loading.

RESULTS

The resulting ETL-process supports bulk and incremental loading. Performance tests show that the incremental load took 87.5% less execution time than the bulk load (2.12 min compared to 17.07 min) related to changes of one day while no data differences occurred in OMOP CDM.

CONCLUSIONS

Since incremental loading is more efficient than a daily bulk load and both loading options result in the same amount of data, we recommend using bulk load for an initial load and switching to incremental load for daily updates. The resulting incremental ETL-logic can be applied internationally, since it is not restricted to German FHIR profiles.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Safety of Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic Review and Recommendations (Preprint)
Authors: Taher Rayan , Hsu Che-Wei , Hampshire Chloe , Fialho Carolina , Heaysman Clare , Stahl Daniel , Shergill Sukhi , Yiend Jenny
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Evidence suggests that digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) for common mental health conditions are effective. However, digital interventions, such as face-to-face therapies, pose risks to patients. A safe intervention is considered one in which the measured benefits outweigh the identified and mitigated risks.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to review the literature to assess how DMHIs assess safety, what risks are reported, and how they are mitigated in both the research and postmarket phases and building on existing recommendations for assessing, reporting, and mitigating safety in the DMHI and standardizing practice.

METHODS

PsycINFO, Embase, and MEDLINE databases were searched for studies that addressed the safety of DMHIs. The inclusion criteria were any study that addressed the safety of a clinical DMHI, even if not as a main outcome, in an adult population, and in English. As the outcome data were mainly qualitative in nature, a meta-analysis was not possible, and qualitative analysis was used to collate the results. Quantitative results were synthesized in the form of tables and percentages. To illustrate the use of a single common safety metric across studies, we calculated odds ratios and CIs, wherever possible.

RESULTS

Overall, 23 studies were included in this review. Although many of the included studies assessed safety by actively collecting adverse event (AE) data, over one-third (8/23, 35%) did not assess or collect any safety data. The methods and frequency of safety data collection varied widely, and very few studies have performed formal statistical analyses. The main treatment-related reported AE was symptom deterioration. The main method used to mitigate risk was exclusion of high-risk groups. A secondary web-based search found that 6 DMHIs were available for users or patients to use (postmarket phase), all of which used indications and contraindications to mitigate risk, although there was no evidence of ongoing safety review.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this review show the need for a standardized classification of AEs, a standardized method for assessing AEs to statically analyze AE data, and evidence-based practices for mitigating risk in DMHIs, both in the research and postmarket phases. This review produced 7 specific, measurable, and achievable recommendations with the potential to have an immediate impact on the field, which were implemented across ongoing and future research. Improving the quality of DMHI safety data will allow meaningful assessment of the safety of DMHIs and confidence in whether the benefits of a new DMHI outweigh its risks.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022333181; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=333181
Association of hypercalcemia with biochemical parameters in patients with endocrine disorders
Authors: Goncharova O.A. , Dubovik V.M. , Plekhova E.I. , Sazonov M.E.
Published: March 2023

Background. Although today primary hyperparathyroidism and cancers are considered the main factors of hypercalcemia (HC), the latter is quite often detected in various endocrinopathies. According to modern data, ionized calcium (Ca2+) is an intracellular mediator in the functioning of enzymes and hormones. All this determines the importance of finding out the features of the associations between HC and biochemical indicators in various endocrine disorders, which was the purpose of this study. Materials and methods. Retrospectively, according to the medical histories of 537 patients with detected HC, who were treated at the endocrinology clinic of the V. Danilevsky Institute for the Endocrine Pathology Problems in 2020–2021, we have analyzed the features of correlations between HC (by the content of Ca2+) and the levels of phosphorus (P), total protein (TP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in various endocrine pathologies. Results. A significant difference between the spectrum and degree of probability of associations was found even within the limits of one type of pathological conditions. In the group with hypothyroidism, there was an inverse correlation of HC with P (p<0.01) and a highly probable correlation with AST (p<0.001). At the same time, a direct association with P (p<0.01) and an inverse correlation with TP (p<0.001), AST (p<0.001) and ALT (p<0.01) was revealed in case of Graves’ disease. The following data were obtained for tumors of endocrine organs: nontoxic multinodular goiter— direct with P (p<0.001) and inverse with TP (p<0.001) and ALT (p<0.01); thyroid cancer— direct correlation with P (p<0.01) and inverse highly probable with TP (p<0.001) and ALT (p<0.001); nodular pathology of the adrenal glands— direct correlation with TP (p<0.01) and inverse with AST (p<0.01) and ALT (p<0.001). In diabetes mellitus, only an inverse correlation with P was found (p<0.01). There was an inverse correlation with P (p<0.01) and TP (p<0.001), and a direct one with ALT (p<0.001) in primary hyperparathyroidism. Conclusions. Metabolic disorders in the presence of hypercalcemia in patients with various endocrine pathologies have their own characteristics. The nature of revealed correlations between ionized calcium and biochemical parameters in terms of various endocrine diseases must be taken into account when developing a therapeutic strategy for patients with hypercalcemia.
Discussion on the Problems of Bohr’s Hydrogen Atom Theory in Basic Theory
Authors: Lixin Yuan
Published: March 2023

According to the charge momentum and charge kinetic energy, it is proved that the key problem of the basic theory of Bohr hydrogen atom is that equation  does not hold. For the same electron of the hydrogen atom, the left side of the equation is the mechanical kinetic energy, the right side of the equation is the charge energy, the fundamental properties and the concept of energy are split. Based on experiments, this paper analyzes and calculates the combined energy of hydrogen, lithium and oxygen atoms, hydrogen atom radius  and the ground state energy of hydrogen atom  are obtained. This ground state energy  is basically consistent with the Balmer system of hydrogen atomic spectrum ; Electron around the nuclear velocity . hydrogen atom radius is calculated by using energy , which verifies the correctness of charge momentum and charge kinetic energy and their experimental basis. The ground state energy atom  and radius of Bohr hydrogen is derived under the condition that the basic theory has problems and the theoretical formula is set to , which has no experimental basis. The fundamental problem of quantum mechanics is that the theoretical formula of photoelectric effect is not correct, which is demonstrated in this paper. The relationship between the structure of hydrogen atom and the evolution of the universe is also discussed.
A CRITICAL REVIEW AND SIGNIFICANCE OF LIPID-BASED AYURVEDIC DOSAGE FORMS GHRITA AND TAILA: PART I-REVIEW AND STATUS
Authors: BHATT NARENDRA , DESHPANDE MANASI
Published: March 2023

This review discusses in detail one of the oldest lipid-based dosage form, Sneha Kalpana as described in Ayurved, one of the ancient medical systems. Here the vital constituents of plants are extracted as assimilates in lipid forms, ghrit–the clarified butter or taila–the oil. These dosage forms are administered through different routes for specific therapeutic benefits varying from topical nourishment, anti-inflammatory activity, and healing of tissue systems or even to treat serious neuro-muscular or neurological conditions. This review highlights the basic concepts of Ayurved behind the drug delivery approach and provides details of different processes of preparation or manufacture. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) are one of the emerging technologies designed to address the challenges of solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble ingredients. Understanding the principles behind the processes–the right amount of heat, time, and intensity is important for standardization to ensure the availability of bio constituents. Also, it is essential to understand the relevance of therapeutic principles behind these dosage forms to choose an appropriate technological adaptation for its optimum clinical effectiveness.
Farmers’ Perception of agroforestry in the Bambou–Mingali forest massif (Congo)
Authors: Bakouetila Gilles Freddy Mialoundama , Kindiela Budeh Wickler Nzobadila , Mankessi François , Mabanza Ildevert Madel Mounkala , Scherell Ségolen Lutterah Missengué
Published: March 2023

Agroforestry offers an opportunity to enhance the value of poor ferralitic savannah soils in the Republic of Congo. The aim of the study was to analyze farmers’ perceptions of agroforestry in the Bambou–Mingali artificial forest massif. A survey was conducted among 42 farmers who had signed an exploitation contract with the National Reforestation Service (SNR). The study revealed that most of the farmers involved in agroforestry on reforested state-owned plots were adults (83%) and had received education (100%). Agri-silviculture is practiced on these plots. The SNR is responsible for preparing the land for planting forest species (for example, Acacia, Eucalyptus, pines). Weeding was the only maintenance operation carried out by all farmers. Positive factors that may lead farmers to adopt agroforestry innovations in state reforested plots include free access to land, economies of scale in the establishment of food crops, and satisfaction with the yields obtained and income earned compared to savannah areas. Acacia was the most valued forest tree among farmers. Thus, the reforested plots are an opportunity to promote agroforestry for the benefit of smallholders.
Filipino Students Experiences in Online Learning: A Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Aying Faith Loraine , Jr. Angelito Cabanilla , Canillo Joyce , Capangpangan Allanah , Conocono Angel Sheen
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This study presented a meta-synthesis of Filipino students’ experiences in Online Learning. It utilized 15 out of 1090 studies from 2021 to 2022 that were screened through inclusion and exclusion criteria. The studies were organized using the Preferred Reporting Itemsfor Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 flow diagram and were quality-checked using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for systematic review. Clark and Braunes’ six-step thematic analysis was done and has emerged seven themes: mental and emotional barrier, social interaction barrier, lack of availability of gadgets and intermittent internet connections, lack of financial support, attention span and academic performances, and parental involvement in an online class. Students’ experiences in online learning emerged as the meta-theme of the study. Filipino students' experiences in online learning opened up new avenues for new ways of learning but a lack of resources and training makes it difficult for them to learn. It is recommended that students should join a free online symposium that tackles various coping mechanisms amidst distance learning. Academic Institutions must provide adaptive learning systems and the Philippine Government must addressthe issues and concerns in distance learning.
Correlation Between Age and Tonsil Size in Patients with Chronic Tonsillitis at Aek Kanopan District General Hospital, North Sumatra
Authors: Hutasoit Heri Bastian
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Background: Chronic tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils that persists as a result of repeated acute or subclinical infections. The size of the tonsils in chronic tonsillitis is enlarged due to parenchymal hyperplasia or fibrinoid degeneration with obstruction of the tonsillar crypts. Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2012, the incidence of tonsillitis in Indonesia is around 23%. Young age predominates in the characteristics of tonsillitis patients. Objective: The research was to determine the correlation between age and tonsil size in chronic tonsillitis at the Aek Kanopan District General Hospital, North Sumatra. Method: This study uses secondary data, namely medical records at Aek Kanopan Hospital, North Sumatra. Research and data collection were carried out in November 2022 - February 2023. This research is an analytical study. The population is chronic tonsillitis patients at the ENT-KL installation at Aek Kanopan Hospital, North Sumatra, totaling 70 patients. Data analysis was univariate presented in the form of a frequency distribution table and bivariate analysis using a correlation testspearman rho by using SPSS version 24.0. Results: Based on the study, as many as (57.6%) were women and (42.4%) were men, most were aged <18 years, namely (72.7%), mostly with hypertrophic tonsil sizes, namely (65.2%) and there were Correlation between age and tonsillitis size in chronic tonsillitis at Aek Kanopan District General Hospital, North Sumatra, p=0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between age and tonsillitis size in chronic tonsillitis at the Aek Kanopan District General Hospital, North Sumatra.
Ballistic Impact Analysis of Thin Shell and Curved Surface against Different Projectile Nose Shape
Authors: Kosey Vimit V. , Sayankar Prof. Harish N. , Gorantiwar Dr. Vinod. S
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Numerical simulations are increasingly becomingan important tool to obtain efficient designs of protectivestructures, and the existing literature shows that manyphenomena can be accurately described by standard methodsand models. This thesis, specifically, focuses on novelmethods of modeling and simulating ballistic impact.Experiments are needed to validate such simulations, so numerous tests were studied to investigate how projectile nose-shape, plate layering, target strength, ductility, and workhardening affect the penetration and perforation behavior of various structural configurations. These tests provide new information about the behavior of materials subjected to ballistic impact, and are valuable input for the evaluation ofthe numerical simulations. As more complex materialssystems are introduced in engineering practice, the design engineer faces the of utilizing homogenization techniques or detailed numerical models. The latter offers a number of advantages, such as the ability to introduce separateconstitutive laws and failure criteria for each phase, at theexpense of computation cost. The aim of this study is to givegeneral information about the most commonly used materialsand ballistic test methods. In addition, to summarize the topicsrelated to simulation methods such as FEM and numericalmethods which are use most in ballistics.A generalizednumerical and experimental formulation is presented for theprediction of ballistic impact behavior on various surfacesagainst different projectile nose shape. The ballistic resistance,failure mechanism and the energy absorption of the structurewas investigated thoroughly through experimentation andnumerical simulations. influence of projectile shape, incidencevelocity of the projectile.
Disease Prediction and Treatment Recommendation Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mahata Saurav , Kapadiya Yash Bhaveshbhai , Kushwaha Vishal , Joshi Vatsal , Farooqui Yassir
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Despite the availability of advanced technology and easy access to information, many people still rely on traditional methods of seeking medical treatment, such as visiting hospitals and consulting doctors for even minor symptoms. However, this approach can be time-consuming and inefficient, as patients with minor illnesses can take up valuable resources that could be better used to treat more serious cases. As a result, this research proposes a new approach to disease prediction using machine learning and symptom-based analysis. The goal is to develop a predictive model that can accurately identify potential diseases based on a patient's symptoms. This model utilizes machine learning techniques to analyze and process symptom data, allowing for quick and precise disease prediction. The study uses a large dataset of patient symptoms and medical records to train and test the model, which demonstrated high accuracy in predicting diseases. The results of this study suggest that the proposed model could be a useful tool for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases, with the potential to improve healthcare outcomes. Overall, this research represents an important contribution to the field of healthcare informatics, with possible applications in disease prevention, treatment, and management.
Benchmark study of combustion model of premixed gas by using LBM
Authors: Л Khenmedekh , Y Obikane , E Khatanbold
Published: March 2023

The propane gas combustion in a combustor was calculated using a two-dimensional LBMmethod that used pressure, temperature, and the distribution function fp of chemicalcomponents: fT, fC3H8, fO2, fCO2, fN2, and fH2O. WOLFRAM MATHEMATICA was used inthe calculation and three cases were calculated Case1: one dimension combustion flameof a uniform mixed gas (Re = 124) to obtain an average reaction rate omega; Case2: A twodimensional problem, without the influx, where ignition occurred in the center of the area; and Case3: calculate the combustion of the air-fuel mixture from fuel jets ejected from both upper and lower boundary. The flow field simulation area in the axial symmetry was 1/4. The shape of the flame front consisted of a curved surface, and then a nearly horizontal flame front was formed at the end of the simulation. For the one-dimensional case, the propagation speed was 0.25m/sec, which was larger than the results reported by Huidan Yue [9]. The flame propagation speed roughly matched that of the two-dimensional simulation by Yamamoto.
(n,α) Reaction Cross Sections and Angular Distributions for Several MeV Neutrons
Authors: Ts Zolbadral , Ts Bilguun , G Khuukhenkhuu
Published: March 2023

In this work from the unified viewpoint using the TALYS code we analysed the experimental (n,α) cross sections, angular distributions of 39K and 64Zn, and the ratio of forward/backward cross-sections of 95Mo, 143Nd, 147Sm and 149Sm isotopes at the 4.0-6.5MeV energies of neutrons.
Seasonal Variations of Surface Radio Refractive Index in Mongolia
Authors: S Jamiyan , J Battogtokh , O Tsendayush , J Nyamjav
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the statistical analysis of surface radio refractivity in Mongolia is studied. Themethod proposed in the recommendation of the International Telecommunication Union ITU has been used. Meteorological data derived from fifty nine weather stations which cover the most populated areas in Mongolia. A total of more than five million refractivitymeasurements was considered in this analysis. The result showed that the highest averagevalues of the radio refractivity were observed in January while the lowest values wereobserved in April and May. The annual refractivity values were higher in the northern region and lower in the southern part of the geographical map. The monthly maximum radio refractivity value, 342 N-Units was in Zavkhan aimag in January. The lowest value was 290 N-Units in Umnugovi aimag in May. The result also shows that the seasonal refractivityvariation is caused follows the climatic condition and geographical region.
Альфа-альфа системийн резонанс төлөвүүдийг комплекс хувиргалтын арга ашиглан тодорхойлох нь
Authors: Б Өсөхбаяр , Г Хүүхэнхүү , С Даваа , А Сарсембаева , К Като , М Одсүрэн
Published: March 2023

Комплекс хувиргалтын аргад тулгуурлан 8Be цөмийг альфа-альфа бөөмөөс тогтсон хоёркластерийн систем гэж загварчлан, тухайн системийн бага өдөөгдсөн 2+, 4+төлөвүүдийг Шмид-Вильдермутын потенциал болон гармоник хэлбэлзлийн суурьфункцийг ашиглан онолоор тооцоолов.
Кварц агуулсан чулуулаг дээжний даралтын нөлөөн дэх кристалл бүтцийн өөрчлөлт болон үлдэгдэл микро деформацын судалгаа
Authors: А Бадмаараг , К Шеффцюк , Д Сангаа , И Хишигдэмбэрэл , Л Энхтөр
Published: March 2023

Уг судалгааны ажлаар Монгол-Алтайн нурууны Онгон-Улаан уулны (43°28'30.9"N99°18'40.8"E) кварц агуулсан поликристалл чулуун дээжний кристалл бүтцийгдаралтаас хамааруулан судалсан. Монгол орны өмнөд хэсгээр хүчтэй тектоникмөргөлдөөний нөлөөнд орсон бөгөөд одоог хүртэл газар хөдлөлийн идэвхитэй бүснутагт хамаардаг байна [1]. Иймээс уг судалгааны дээж нь кристалл бүтцийн хувьдхүчтэй деформацад орсон юм. Дээжний кристалл бүтцийн судалгааг рентген бүтцийнанализийн үр дүнд цахиурын давхар исэл (quartz-SiO2), төмөр, магни, хөнгөн цагаанысиликатын гидроксид (clinochlore 1-(Mg,Fe)6(Si,Аl)4O10(OH)8), кали хөнгөн цагаанысиликатын гидроксид (illite 2-(K,H3O)Al2Si3AlO10(OH)2), натри, кальц, хөнгөн цагаанысиликат (anorthite-(Na0.45Ca0.55)(Al10.55Si2.45O8)) хэмээн тодорхойлсон.Судалгааны ажлын зорилго нь кристалл бүтцийн эгэл торд үүсч буй деформац болонүлдэгдэл деформацын судалгааг нейтрон сарнилын аргаар судлах бөгөөд энэ нь томширхэглэг бүхий бүтэцтэй геологийн дээжний бүтэц дэх деформацын хэмжээгтодорхойлоход үр дүнтэй, хүчтэй хэрэгсэл болж өгдөг байна [2]. Иймээс угхэмжилтийг нисэлтийн хугацааны нейтрон сарнилын тусламжтайгаар өндөрнарийвчлалтай хэмждэг ба энэ нь нейтроны материалын гүнд нэвтрэх чадварөндөртэйгөөс шалтгаалдаг. Кристалл бүтцийн эгэл торын хавтгай хоорондын зайнөөрчлөлт нь Брэггийн пикийн байрлалын шилжилтээр тодорхойлогддог [3, 4, 5].Хэмжилтийг ОХУ-ын Дубна хот дахь Цөмийн Шинжилгээний Нэгдсэн ИнститутынНейтроны Физикийн Лабораторын ИБР-2М импульст реакторын тусламжтайгаарЭПСИЛОН нейтрон сарнилын дифрактометрээр гүйцэтгэсэн.Чулуун дээжний (Ø=31 мм, l=60 мм) деформацын хэмжилтэнд уг дифрактометрийндаралтын төхөөрөмжийг ашигласан бөгөөд дээжнийг нэг тэнхлэгийн дагуу 5, 10, 15,25, 35 болон 45 МПа даралтын нөлөөнд оруулан кристалл бүтцийн деформацынхэмжилтийг гүйцэтгэсэн бөгөөд даралтын нөлөө тус бүрийн дараах үлдэгдэлдеформацыг дифракцын хэмжилтийг үр дүнгээр тодорхойлсон. Ритвельдийнанализаар [6, 7, 8] дифракцын үр дүнг боловсруулан, эгэл тор дахь даралтын нөлөөндэх болон үлдэгдэл деформацын хэмжээг кварц фазын кристаллографын таван өөрхавтгайн хувьд ((020), (101), (211), (131) болон (112)) тооцоолон гаргасан.
Цахилгаан статик орон дахь устөрөгчийн атомын туннелийн иончлол
Authors: Ч Алдармаа , Л Хэнмэдэх , Г Зоригт
Published: March 2023

Энэ ажилд устөрөгчийн атомыг цахилгаан статик орноор үйлчлэх процессындинамикийг судлан туннелийн иончлолын магадлалыг хугацаанаас хамааруулантооцоолсон. Тооцоололд цахилгаан статик оронд устөрөгчийн электрон үндсэнтөлвөөсөө хэрхэн хувьсалд орж байгааг долгион функцийн огторгуйн дискрет торынзангилаан дээрх утгуудаар нь илэрхийлэв. Кулон функцийн дискрет хувьсагчийнтөлөөлөлийн аргаар иончлолын магадлал хугацааны хамаарал, энергийн спектр,өнцгийн түгэлт, моментын түгэлтийг тус гаргаж бусад онолын тооцооллын үр дүнтэйхарьцууллаа.
Хөрсөн дэх зэсийн бохирдлыг электрокинетикийн нөхөн сэргээлтийн аргаар бууруулах судалгаа
Authors: Ё Жажинжав , Б Очирхуяг , О Болормаа
Published: March 2023

Сүүлийн жилүүдэд хүний үйл ажиллагаанаас үүдэлтэйгээр хөрсний бохирдол ихээрүүсч байна. Иймд хөрсний бохирдлыг бууруулах судалгааг зайлшгүй хийхшаардлагатай бөгөөд энэ нь экологийн тэнцвэрт байдалд чухал ач холбогдолтой.Хөрсний бохирдлыг физик, хими, биологийн хэд хэдэн аргуудаар бууруулдаг баэдгээрээс электрокинетик (ЕК)-ийн нөхөн сэргээлтийн арга нь хөрсөн дэх органик,органик биш бохирдлыг бууруулах боломжтой, технологийн хувьд хялбар, өртөгбагатай, цаг хугацаа бага зарцуулдаг зэрэг давуу талтай. Энэхүү судалгааны ажлынгол зорилго нь зэсээр бохирдсон хөрсний бохирдлыг электрокинетикийн нөхөнсэргээлтийн аргаар бууруулахад оршино. Судалгааны ажлын хүрээнд “Эрдэнэтүйлдвэр” ХХК-ны үйлдвэрийн бүсийн хөрснөөс 0-100 см гүний зүсэлт хийж, үе бүрээсхөрсний дээж авч бохирдлын үнэлгээ хийсэн. Элементийн анализаар өнгөн (0-20 см)хөрсөн дэх Cu, As-ийн агуулга тус бүр 7619, 85.13 мг/кг байгаа нь Монгол улсынхөрсний чанарын стандарт (MNS5850:2008)-ын хортой агууламжаас Cu-15, As-3дахин өндөр агуулгатай байсан. Харин 21-100 см-ийн гүний хөрсөн дэх хүндэлементийн агуулга тус стандартын зөвшөөрөгдөх дээд хэмжээнээс бага агуулгатайилэрсэн. Хөрсөн дэх Cu-ийн агуулгыг ЕК-ийн нөхөн сэргээлтийн аргаар бууруулахсудалгааг хийхдээ 10 В тогтмол хүчдэлийн үед, хоёр ялгаатай электродын байршилбүхий реакторт, H2O болон 0.1M NaCl-ийн электролит уусмалуудыг ашигланэлектролизыг явуулсан. Туршилтаар хөрсний хоёр талд электродын үүртэй, 0.1 МNaCl-н электролит уусмал бүхий реакторын хөрсөн дэх Cu-ийн агуулга анод орчимд48 %-иар, As, Mo-ны агуулга катод орчимд тус бүр 64, 60 хүртэл хувиар буурсанүзүүлэлттэй гарсан. Иймд хөрсөн дэх Cu-ийн бохирдлыг электрокинетикийн нөхөнсэргээлтийн аргаар бууруулах бүрэн боломжтойг харуулж байна.