bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Planting Methods on Grain Yield and Crop Management in Finger Millet
Authors: Tshering Langa , Dendup Chezang , Dorji Sonam , Rai Kalpana , Ngawang  , Lakey
Published: April 2022

A field experiment on two planting methods (direct seeding and transplanting) in finger millet was conducted using two cultivars; Samtenling Memja 1 (SM1) and IE4425 at the Agriculture Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Samtenling from July to December 2020. The study aimed to determine the best planting method that gave better yield and economic advantage in crop production. The results of the experiment showed that the transplanted finger millet recorded the highest yield (0.81 Mt ha-1) compared to directed seeded (0.65 Mt ha-1) but statistically not significant. There was a percent yield difference of 19.7 % between the two methods. Similarly, there was no significant effect between planting methods and yield components such as plant height, productive tillers, and finger numbers; but there were varietal significant effects on plant height and length of the fingers (P=0.00). However, a significantly shorter maturity duration was observed in direct-seeded millet (120 days) as compared to transplanted millet (126.5 days). Moreover, economic analysis indicates that net returns for direct seeding were considerably greater (>25%) than that of the transplanting method. Based on the study, direct-seeded finger millet could be promoted in farmers' fields considering the economic advantage and early maturity.
THE EFFECT OF COLLABORATIVE STRATEGY TOWARD THE READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Risma Rahajeng Lestari  , Sherly Citra Putri  , Zumrotul Ainiyah
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to figure out whether CSR gives positive effect toward students’ ability in reading comprehension. This reserach design was quasi experimental research. The text with which chosen by the researchers was recount text. The sample of this research were students in English Department of Mayjen Sungkono University. The data of this research was reading test scores which were analyzed by using t-test. It was found that there was significant difference on students’ reading comprehension who were taught by using Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) and the students taught by using non Collaborative Strategy Reading (CSR). This study consisted of 4 meetings. Each meeting consisted of planning, execution, observation and reflection. The result of post test showed that the mean score of posttest higher in experiment than control group. When Null Hyphotesis H0 was accepted it meant there was no difference significant in reading comprehension between class taught by using collaborative reading strategy nor without using collaborative reading strategy. Based on the finding, it signed that Ha was accepted and H0 was refused.
THE COMPLEXITY OF SOCIAL ECONOMY AS A SOCIO-ECONOMIC PHENOMENON
Authors: Zybała Andrzej
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the complexity of the contemporary social economy system – its definitions, points of reference, role played in socio-economic development. Furthermore the paper presents a review of selected approaches to social economy, including definitional approaches, e.g. those specific to Anglo-Saxon and continental traditions. It discusses the context in which it emerged and developed as a phenomenon in the public policy and economic areas. It analyses the dynamics of social economy development in Poland, including institutional environment and selected mechanisms of public management. It stresses that top-down initiatives – including those of the central government and the EU institutions – are a key element in making the social economy dynamic in developing the forms of activity (in view of the weakness of endogenous factors). The central and local governments place social economy at the heart of their strategies in many public policies.
Embedded carbon assessment of an office building with comparison of different design solutions
Authors: Przywózka Aleksandra , Wojcieszek Anna , Kowalski Wiktor , Michalczuk Paweł
Published: April 2022

Embodied carbon assessment of an office building with comparison of different design solutions. Aspirations for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and related EU regulations require the building sector, which is responsible for approx. 40% of global emissions, to deepen understanding of their sources and find ways to reduce them. It is necessary to collect firm data from different projects (both completed and ongoing) in order to help designers develop more sustainable solutions and prepare the building industry for a “netZero” future. Our case study presents a life cycle analysis of an office building designed as the headquarters for SYLVA DREWNO. Assessment of the embedded carbon footprint and comparison of alternative design solutions for the building were the key goal of the study. The paper highlights areas of the design with the greatest potential for reduction of the carbon footprint. The conclusions drawn from the study may serve as a basis for developing building design guidelines for reducing the carbon footprint of future buildings.
POLITIČKE ATRIBUCIJE I STRUKTURA NARODNE REPUBLIKE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Fejzić Elvis
Published: April 2022

U tekstu će biti kritički analiziran i teorijski problematiziran politički karakter i struktura Narodne republike Bosne i Hercegovine, koja je činila jedan od dijelova šire i složene jugoslavenske državne tvorevine. Poseban akcent će biti stavljen na detektiranje i identificiranje demokratskih i republikanskih obilježja navedene političke zajednice. Također, u ovom diskursu potrebno je ispitati politički odnos bosanskohercegovačke republike i jugoslavenske federativne države, sa aspekta osigurane političke autonomije i distribucije unutrašnjeg državnog suvereniteta. Posebno je važno istražiti političku ulogu i participacijske mogućnosti građana u ovoj državnoj tvorevini, kao i komplicirani odnos između građanstva i državne vlasti.
O NEKIM SEGMENTIMA AKTUALNOSTI DRŽAVNO-PRAVNE MISLI AKADEMIKA HAMDIJE ČEMERLIĆA
Authors: Lučić Zdravko
Published: April 2022

Kao neposredni učesnik svih najznačajnijih etapa narodnooslobodilačke borbe i socijalističke revolucije i kao jedan od najznačajnijih pripadnika intelektualnog sloja u prelomnim razdobljima naše povijesti, Ćemerlić je dao značajan doprinos u tim procesima. Posebno se problematizira sadržaj njegovog referata podnesenog na Trećem zasjedanju ZAVNOBiH-a i pokušava utvrditi njegova poveznica s Ćemerlićevim aktivnostima na prethodnim zasjedanjima ovog tijela. Vrši se analiza ocjena o socijalističkoj revoluciji u procesu njenog institucionaliziranja u formi nastanka nove državne tvorevine u najznačajnijem period izgradnje sistema narodne vlasti i državnosti Bosne i Hercegovine. Pokušava se dati odgovor koji su kriteriji bili odlučujući u konstituiranju naše države kao posebne federalne jedinice u okvirima složene državne zajednice. Koje su društvene determinante i procesi bili odlučujući u kreiranju takvog rješenja s posebnim osvrtom na međunarodni vojno-politički aspekt i pitanja političke legitimne reprezentativnosti. U embrionalnom toku stvaranja BiH prati se problematika normativne aktivnosti, sistemske usklađenosti i kategoriziranja pojedinačnih pravnih akata. Uporedo s ovim procesima teče i postupna izgradnja prvih organizacionih segmenata organa nove državne uprave, kao i konstituiranja pravnog okvira za neovisnu sudsku vlast. Autor izdvaja nekoliko segmenata iz složene državno-pravne filozofije Ćemerlića naglašavajući njihovu aktualnost i suvremenost.
Comparison of organic acids supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal characteristics and morphology, and cecal microflora in broilers fed corn-soybean meal diet
Authors: Sun Hao Yang , Zhou Hong Bin , Liu Yang , Wang Yue , Zhao Cheng , Xu Liang Mei
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three kinds of organic acid (OA) products on the growth performance, intestinal characteristics and morphology, and cecal microflora in broilers fed a corn–soybean meal meal diet.Methods: A total of 420 one-day-old male Cobb 500 broilers with an average initial body weight of 49.11±1.02 g were used in this 42-day experiment. Birds were randomly allotted to one of five treatments (7 replicates with 12 birds per replicate). Treatments consisted of negative control (NC), basal diet; positive control (PC), basal diet+100 mg/kg of Aviramycin; OA1, basal diet+500 mg/kg of OA product 1; OA2, basal diet+1,000 mg/kg of OA product 2; and OA3, basal diet+1,200 mg/kg of OA product 3.Results: The results indicated that OA product addition had no effect on growth performance parameters, such as body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio, from days 1 to 14, 15 to 28, and 0 to 42, or on the pH values of the intestine, intestinal weight, or intestinal weight to body weight ratio. The intestinal morphology in terms of villus height and crypt depth were affected by dietary supplementation of OA products, respectively. Furthermore, dietary addition of OAs had positive influences on the maintenance of the cecal microflora based on the results of 16S rRNA analysis.Conclusion: Dietary inclusion of three kinds of OA products all benefit broilers, but the mode of action may be different. This study provides a basis for the application of OA products used in the poultry industry.
Survie des patients en oncologie traités par l’équipe de soins palliatifs d’un hôpital de São Paulo, au Brésil
Authors: de Camargo Júlia Drummond , Delponte Valéria , Costa Adriana Zancheta Sousa , da Silva Souza Regina Claudia
Published: April 2022

Introduction : L’échelle de l’indice fonctionnel de Karnofsky (Karnofsky Performance Status Scale) est un instrument d’évaluation pertinent et fonctionnel qui sert à déterminer quelles personnes devraient être suivies par des équipes multidisciplinaires de soins palliatifs. Objectif : Analyser les résultats cliniques de patients, suivis par une équipe de soins palliatifs, dont l’indice fonctionnel de Karnofsky est inférieur à 70 %, et les comparer aux résultats de personnes n’ayant pas bénéficié de ce type de soins. Méthodologie : Dans la présente étude de cohorte rétrospective, le suivi pendant 10 jours des patients par l’équipe de soins palliatifs constituait le facteur d’exposition et la survie, la variable dépendante. Des données ont été extraites des dossiers médicaux afin de réaliser des statistiques descriptives et des analyses des courbes de survie. Résultats : Parmi les 581 participants de l’échantillon, 42,5 % avaient des métastases. Le cancer gastro-intestinal était le diagnostic plus prévalent (29,1 %). Du groupe, 51 participants (8,7 %) étaient suivis par l’équipe de soins palliatifs. Le taux de mortalité pendant les 10 jours de suivi s’élevait à 10,8 %; il était plus élevé encore (15,7 %) chez les patients suivis par l’équipe de soins palliatifs. Conclusion : Les patients ayant un indice fonctionnel inférieur à 70 % qui étaient suivis par l’équipe de soins palliatifs présentaient un piètre état clinique et une période de survie plus réduite comparativement aux autres patients. Mots-clés : soins palliatifs, personnes atteintes de cancer, indice fonctionnel de Karnofsky, analyse du taux de survie
Enjeux associés au risque héréditaire de cancer : connaissances, attitudes et pratiques infirmières en oncologie
Authors: Hébert Johanne , Bergeron Anne-Sophie , Veillette Anne-Marie , Bouchard Karine , Nabi Hermann , Dorval Michel
Published: April 2022

La collecte des antécédents familiaux de cancer permet d’évaluer la prédisposition à certains types de cancers héréditaires. Une enquête par questionnaire a été menée auprès d’infirmières travaillant auprès de personnes atteintes de cancer afin d’évaluer leurs connaissances en oncogénétique, de décrire les enjeux liés à leur capacité à identifier, à référer et à accompagner des personnes présentant un risque héréditaire de cancer et d’explorer leur intérêt pour de la formation continue. Les résultats démontrent des connaissances et un sentiment de compétence retreints chez les infirmières et un accès limité à de la formation universitaire et continue. De la formation axée sur le développement de leurs compétences renforcerait leur capacité à procéder à l’évaluation initiale des personnes potentiellement à risque de cancer et à les orienter vers des ressources spécialisées. Mots clés : Cancers héréditaires, oncogénétique, histoire familiale, compétences infirmières
Transition de l’héparine au sérum physiologique pour fermer les cathéters veineux centraux en oncologie : pratique fondée sur la recherche
Authors: Jabaley Terri , Xiong Niya , Conley Susanne , Mazeika Teresa , Johnson Danielle , Biggins Brenda , Hilton Nancy , Hong Fangxin
Published: April 2022

Les patients recevant un traitement à long terme contre le cancer doivent très souvent se faire poser un cathéter veineux central (CVC). L’entretien du CVC est donc une compétence fondamentale des infirmières en oncologie. Les pratiques d’irrigation et de fermeture du CVC fondées sur la recherche aident à prévenir l’occlusion intraluminale, une complication fréquente. Les normes recommandent l’utilisation d’un soluté physiologique hépariné pour fermer le CVC; toutefois, selon la recherche, le soluté hépariné n’est pas plus efficace que le seul sérum physiologique. Les objectifs du présent projet de pratique fondée sur la recherche étaient : 1) d’évaluer si la fermeture au sérum physiologique plutôt qu’au soluté hépariné était liée à une différence significative du nombre de cas d’occlusion intraluminale chez les patients suivis en clinique d’oncologie externe; et 2) d’évaluer les effets du mentorat entre pairs sur le point de vue des infirmières et des patients quant au changement de pratique. L’analyse des données a révélé une diminution de l’utilisation d’altéplase après l’adoption du sérum physiologique pour fermer les CVC. Les sondages réalisés auprès des patients et des infirmières montrent que le mentorat entre pairs accroît la confiance des infirmières et des patients, ainsi que l’habileté à procéder au changement de pratique.
Numerical Simulations of Ice Interaction with a Moored Structure
Authors: Sayed Mohamed , Kubat Ivana , Wright Brian , Iyerusalimskiy Aleksandr , Phadke Amal C. , Hall Brenda K. , Wright B.
Published: April 2022

Numerical simulations are carried out to represent the historical data of ice interaction with the Kulluk during the 1980s. Three dimensional simulations include dynamics of the ice cover and the response of the mooring system. The results give modes of ice accumulation, clearing and ice forces. Depth-averaged simulations consider larger zones of the ice cover to examine a range of conditions that were observed during the past operation of the Kulluk in the Beaufort Sea. The simulations evaluate the effects of managed ice cover characteristics such as floe sizes and confinement. Predicted forces are compared to the historical record of measurements.
Quantifying Ice Pressure Conditions and Predicting the Risk of Ship Besetting
Authors: Kubat Ivana , Babaei M. Hossein , Sayed Mohamed
Published: April 2022

The risks of ship besetting under ice pressure are examined. Hindcasts of ice dynamics examine the conditions that led to the besetting of two vessels in the Gulf of St. Lawrence on 9 March 2005. The analysis examines the distributions of potentially significant variables such as pressure (mean normal stress), ridge thickness and strain rates. A criterion for assessing the risk of besetting was then proposed. A preliminary parametric study was also done in order to illustrate a method for predicting the risk of besetting under different ice and environmental forcing conditions.
Alaska OCS Oil Spill Occurrence Probabilities
Authors: Bercha Frank , Prentki Richard , Smith Caryn
Published: April 2022

Probabilistic estimates of oil spill occurrences are used in the development of environmental assessments for hypothetical developments in the US Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Due to the limited offshore oil development in this region, it was not possible to base these oil spill probability estimates on empirical data from that region. Rather, statistically significant non-Arctic empirical data from the US Gulf of Mexico (GOM) and world-wide sources, together with their variance, were used as a starting point. Next, both the historical non- Arctic frequency distributions and spill causal distributions were modified to reflect specific effects of the Arctic setting, and the resultant fault tree model was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation to adequately characterize uncertainties treated as probability distribution inputs to the fault tree. A series of studies, associated with successive lease sale scenarios between 2000 and 2006, was carried out directed at developing and applying the fault tree methodology. In addition, a study directed solely at updating the GOM data was carried out. The series of studies consisted of five Beaufort Sea and/or Chukchi Sea application studies and the GOM data update studies. This report summarizes the methodology and gives results of its application to the estimation of oil spill probabilities and their characteristics for the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas region based on the most recent studies and statistics through 2006 Ongoing studies will incorporate OCS data through 2010 and will capture the loss of well control frequencies including the Macondo well.
Arctic Offshore Structure EER Risk Based Standards and Methods of Risk Analysis
Authors: Poplin James P. , Bercha Frank G.
Published: April 2022

The Canadian Offshore Structure Performance Based EER Standards 2006 and International Standard ISO 19906 Arctic Offshore Structures 2010 were developed to help ensure that offshore structures deployed where arctic conditions prevail, provide the appropriate level of reliability with respect to personnel safety, environmental protection and asset value. Both standards address escape, evacuation and rescue (EER). The Canadian standard provides reliability targets for key elements and the totality of the EER process whereas the ISO standard addresses design, construction, transportation, installation and decommissioning phases of the structure. EER is a system that mitigates the effects of major accident hazards to personnel. A suite of risk analyses methodologies are typically employed to assess the EER philosophy and to confirm the provisions of the overall EER system design. The objectives of such analyses are to assess the design adequacy (from an EER perspective) at key stages in the design, to assess the impact of changes to the design that are proposed and to demonstrate that risks to personnel in the overall design are as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). Following a general description of the Canadian and ISO standard’s EER risk and reliability based provisions, this paper provides an overview of some of the applicable risk methodologies including the EER analysis.
The Titanic Disaster and Ice Mechanics: Completing the Picture
Authors: Jordaan Ian , Gosine Philippa
Published: April 2022

Although the Titanic disaster occurred 100 years ago, explanations of the failure rely heavily on studies of the structural failure (failure of the rivets, brittle fracture of the side plate, ... for example). Very little attention has been paid to how the ice delivered the required force. Background to the disaster is reviewed and in particular the records of experiences of passengers showing that the impact involved a “slight jar” or a “little vibration”. These indicate small global loading but not excluding the possibility of high local loading. The construction of the Titanic is described, and in particular the overlapping plates connected by rivets. Evidence based on ultrasonic scans and calculations of the flow of water into the vessel suggests that the failure was associated with a series of slits in the hull, with a total area of about 12 square feet. Recent explorations into the strength of the rivets are described. The main focus of the paper is then introduced: the formation of high pressure zones in ice compressive failure. The total load in these tests may be of the order of several MN. The high-pressure zones are characterized by a localization of damage in the ice resulting in the formation of a distinct layer of microstructurally modified material. Pressures from the ramming of ice features in ship rams are analyzed, and it is again shown that forces associated with quite small areas may be of the order of several MN. When compared to the strength of the rivets, it is clear that enough force can be generated to cause slits of the kind deduced from the evidence. The results are also consistent with the observed small motions of the ship during impact. The Titanic was not designed for interaction with ice and avoidance would have been a wise course of action. It seems inappropriate to suggest that poor rivet construction was the cause of the sinking. The main cause was the high local loads involved in ice-structure interaction.
Results of Investigation of USCGC 175 WLM Class Buoy Tender Performance in Ice
Authors: Karnes David B. , St. John James W. , Stambaugh Karl A.
Published: April 2022

The United States Coast Guard 175-ft WLM buoy tenders are designed to perform Aids to Navigation (AtoN) in the major rivers and coastal waters during the winter ice season. No dedicated ice performance measurement program had been conducted when these vessels entered service. Therefore, in January 2011, USCG SFLC ESD, Science and Technology Corporation, and the crew of the USCGC Katherine Walker conducted such ice trials on the Hudson River in various ice conditions including level, broken, and brash ice. These tests were used to document the performance for an icebreaking operations manual for the ships. This paper describes the results of icebreaking performance measurements.
Corrado Ricci e Alberto Bacchi della Lega curatori di Sabadino degli Arienti o della necessità di una nuova edizione della Gynevera de le clare donne
Authors: Rodríguez Mesa Francisco José
Published: April 2022

Giovanni Sabadino degli Arienti scrive, intorno al 1490, la Gynevera de le clare donne, una silloge composta da trentatré biografie di donne esemplari dedicata a Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, moglie e consigliera di Giovanni II, signore de facto di Bologna.

Il testo dell’opera, giuntoci attraverso due soli manoscritti autografi, non venne pubblicato sino al 1888, quando Corrado Ricci e Alberto Bacchi della Lega ne curarono un’edizione per la collana Scelta di curiosità letterarie inedite o rare, diretta da Francesco Zambrini e stampata dalla tipografia bolognese Romagnoli-Dall’Acqua. Questo lavoro, che rivide la luce in un’edizione anastatica solo nel 1969 promossa dalla Commissione per i testi di lingua, presenta non poche lacune, sia per quanto riguarda l’affidabilità del testo sia rispetto ad alcune affermazioni del Ricci e del Bacchi della Lega nell’introduzione dell’opera.

In quest’articolo ci proponiamo di analizzare i punti deboli dell’edizione della Gynevera curata da questi due studiosi, con il proposito di individuare i principali elementi da correggere in vista di una futura pubblicazione dell’opera.
El concepto de belleza femenina en la obra de Agnolo Firenzuola
Authors: García-Pérez María-Isabel , Velázquez García Sara
Published: April 2022

El escritor florentino Agnolo Firenzuola publicó en el siglo XVI Dialogo delle bellezze delle donne. Esta obra se presenta como un excelente modelo que nos permite analizar la popularización de los debates intelectuales de la época alojados en el diálogo literario, un género clásico muy en boga entre los neoplatónicos como vehículo de intercambio sociocultural que se reavivó durante el período renacentista.

El artículo pretende analizar, por un lado, las características que, según el autor, han de tener las mujeres para ser consideradas bellas (en el más amplio sentido del término) y, por otro, los argumentos que esgrime a favor de la igualdad de género dando lugar a un discurso muy innovador para su época.
The Justification of Shariah, Legal and Operational Improvement in Al-Rahnu Product Framework
Authors: DziauddinSharif  , Amal Hayati Ishak
Published: April 2022

The significance of Al-Rahnu (pawnbroking) contract is undeniable. In Malaysia, Al-Rahnu has been widely used for quick financial assistance to those in need, but are not qualified to apply for financing from financial institutions due to nonexistent of collateral. Nevertheless, existing Al-Rahnu products have been criticized for its use of incompatible composite contracts, limited pawned assets, limited repayment period and high ujrah fee. Not only that, Al-Rahnu has also been condemned to contain some prohibited elements. This study is conducted with the aim of exploring ways and possibilities of improving the Al-Rahnu structure by embedding three areas of concern, namely Shariah, Legal and Operational. For such a purpose, the qualitative approach of interviewing professionals of the financial industry was adopted. Data collected from the results of the interviews were recorded and classified into those aspects pertaining to the Shariah, Legal and Operational. The study found that the proposed structure of shariah improvement allows profit generation to be placed in the right position as a trading contract while at the same time maintaining Al-Rahnu as a trust-based security contract, without trying to employ Al-Rahnu for a purpose that contravenes the nature of Al-Rahnu’s contract and its objectiveness. As a result, this structure is ultimately safe from the prohibited elements. The legal consideration suggests the establishment of a Sharīʿah Department consisting of the Sharīʿah Risk Management Control, Sharīʿah Review, Sharīʿah Research, and Sharīʿah Audit Function to ensure that their operations achieved a third-party Sharīʿah perspective so as to avoid a biased sentiment. Lastly, the operational part suggests the current rate of ujrah between 13–16% per annum over the total loans received shall be lessened by 2% or more, or 0.3% for each month. This is because the institution has gained the advantage over the loan margin and the margin of the loan shall increase to 80% or more from the marhūn value since the institution would gain through the ujrah charge.
PERCEPÇÕES DOS ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA ACERCA DO ENSINO REMOTO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DO NOVO CORONAVIRUS
Authors: Rodrigues Silva Milena , Santos de Andrade Gabriela , De Miranda Avena Kátia , Quintanilha de Mesquita Luiz Fernando , Dias Faria Álvaro Camilo
Published: April 2022

O cenário pandêmico modificou a rotina da população mundial em diversos aspectos. No contexto da educação médica, devido às restrições impostas pelo novo Coronavírus, a migração para o modelo remoto de ensino ocasionou mudanças metodológicas sem precedentes. Esse estudo se propõe avaliar a percepção dos estudantes de Medicina acerca do ensino remoto durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de estudo transversal, quantitativo, analítico, realizado através da aplicação de questionário virtual sobre as percepções da qualidade de aprendizagem durante a vigência do ensino remoto. Foram investigadas as percepções de 230 acadêmicos de Medicina regularmente matriculados em Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) que aderiram ao ensino remoto. Verificou-se insatisfação dos estudantes quanto a aprendizagem durante o ensino remoto por não conseguirem manter o ritmo de estudo (74,8%) e a motivação (84,3%). A interrupção das aulas práticas foi fator destacado pela grande maioria dos respondentes (93,5%). Apesar de destacarem a possibilidade de assistirem a aula gravada como ponto positivo, apenas 43,9% acreditam que este novo cenário permitiu organizar melhor horários e afazeres. O ambiente familiar (57,1%) e a conexão com a internet (69,1%) foram considerados como fatores limitantes para um bom desempenho acadêmico.  Na percepção dos estudantes, houve prejuízo na qualidade da aprendizagem durante o decurso do ensino remoto, especialmente quanto à dificuldade de manutenção do ritmo e motivação nos estudos. Além disso, sugere-se que limitações e instabilidades de conexão com a internet também interferiram negativamente com o processo de aprendizagem.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE PARA DEFICIENTES VISUAIS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Porto Edla carvalho , De Matos Vilas Boas Aline , Maria Braz Silva Machado Esther , Loyanna Pimentel da Silva Letícia , Oliveira de Almeida Franciele
Published: April 2022

A deficiência visual consiste na limitação e/ou perda das funções, desde uma alteração leve até total da visão. No Brasil, segundo o Censo 2010, cerca de 6,5 milhões de brasileiros possuem deficiência visual, dos quais mais de 500 mil encontram-se na Bahia. Muitas vezes, essas limitações impedem o indivíduo de realizar atividades básicas, dificultando uma vida independente. Em relação à saúde bucal, percebeu-se necessidades relacionadas a uma melhor higienização, além de uma melhoria no acesso à atendimentos clínicos que são mínimos. Esse público requer atenção especial durante as orientações, fazendo-se necessário a utilização de formas didáticas adaptadas, para um melhor entendimento das informações. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo dar continuidade ao atendimento odontológico já desenvolvido em um campo de estágio conveniado. Durante o isolamento social, houve suspensão repentina da assistência odontológica que acontecia na Associação Comendador Jonathas Telles De Carvalho por graduandos de uma instituição privada de Feira de Santana-Bahia. Para manter um acompanhamento mínimo, com orientações básicas e esclarecendo possíveis dúvidas, foram utilizados áudios educativos via WhatsApp, em um grupo formado por estudantes do local, graduandas e docentes da Instituição. A estratégia usada mostrou boa receptividade, conseguindo disseminar os cuidados com a saúde oral, melhorando de alguma forma a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE BUCAL EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Porto Edla carvalho , De Matos Vilas Boas Aline
Published: April 2022

A educação é uma ferramenta importante da promoção de saúde bucal, uma vez que proporciona aos indivíduos a percepção de valores e conhecimentos, o resgate de sua autonomia e o autogerenciamento da sua saúde. Aliada às Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, a disseminação desses conteúdos científicos pode atingir grupos populacionais e comunidades em diversas regiões, sendo de grande valor social. Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar alternativas adotadas por componentes curriculares de Odontologia para a realização da educação em saúde durante a pandemia. Vídeos com linguagem clara e objetiva, foram solicitados para os alunos de diversos semestres do curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário UniFTC - Feira de Santana, Bahia. Após a avaliação criteriosa de conteúdo abordado e linguagem acessível, alguns foram divulgados nas redes sociais da instituição e dos alunos. A conexão entre a Educação e a Tecnologia é um caminho inovador e que se mostra irreversível, principalmente sendo utilizado nas estratégias de promoção à saúde bucal. O reconhecimento do graduando como sujeito do processo educativo é essencial para a prática das estratégias de educação evidenciando a relevância da formação humanizada
INTERFERÊNCIAS DO ESTADO NOS ELEMENTOS ESTRUTURANTES DO PROCESSO DE TOMADA DE DECISÃO NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES DURANTE A PANDEMIA
Authors: Sancho Danillo
Published: April 2022

O Estado está presente na vida contemporânea e um de seus objetivos é regular a sociedade em temas diversos que afetam desde o indivíduo até a coletividade. Sem dúvida, o Estado tem força para contribuir e regular a vida social. Tais regulações interferem nos processos decisórios das empresas modificando a sua forma de operar com os elementos de caráter regulatório normalmente imposto pelo Estado e que regem as relações de capital. O objetivo desse artigo é discutir as bases que estruturam as decisões empresariais na busca pela maximização do lucro. A regulação de relações comerciais e trabalhistas geram um equilíbrio de forças que restringem a maximização do lucro individual em prol de uma distribuição de forças um pouco menos discrepantes. Nesse sentido, conceitos clássicos trazidos por Weber, Karl Marx, Durkheim, Keynes e Hayek norteiam a discussão realizada neste artigo na busca de entender os elementos que estruturam o processo decisório e que são afetados pelo Estado e trazidos no contexto da pandemia dentro da realidade brasileira.
A functional screen of RNA binding proteins identifies genes that promote or limit the accumulation of CD138+ plasma cells
Authors: Turner David J , Saveliev Alexander , Salerno Fiamma , Matheson Louise S , Screen Michael , Lawson Hannah , Wotherspoon David , Kranc Kamil R , Turner Martin
Published: April 2022

To identify roles of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in the differentiation or survival of antibody secreting plasma cells we performed a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen of 1213 mouse RBPs for their ability to affect proliferation and/or survival, and the abundance of differentiated CD138 + cells in vitro. We validated the binding partners CSDE1 and STRAP as well as the m6A binding protein YTHDF2 as promoting the accumulation of CD138 + cells in vitro. We validated the EIF3 subunits EIF3K and EIF3L and components of the CCR4-NOT complex as inhibitors of CD138 + cell accumulation in vitro. In chimeric mouse models YTHDF2-deficient plasma cells failed to accumulate.
Role of YAP in early ectodermal specification and a Huntington's Disease model of human neurulation
Authors: Piccolo Francesco M , Kastan Nathaniel R , Haremaki Tomomi , Tian Qingyun , Laundos Tiago L , De Santis Riccardo , Beaudoin Andrew J , Carroll Thomas S , Luo Ji-Dung , Gnedeva Ksenia , Etoc Fred , Hudspeth AJ , Brivanlou Ali H
Published: April 2022

The Hippo pathway, a highly conserved signaling cascade that functions as an integrator of molecular signals and biophysical states, ultimately impinges upon the transcription coactivator Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP). Hippo-YAP signaling has been shown to play key roles both at the early embryonic stages of implantation and gastrulation, and later during neurogenesis. To explore YAP’s potential role in neurulation, we used self-organizing neuruloids grown from human embryonic stem cells on micropatterned substrates. We identified YAP activation as a key lineage determinant, first between neuronal ectoderm and nonneuronal ectoderm, and later between epidermis and neural crest, indicating that YAP activity can enhance the effect of BMP4 stimulation and therefore affect ectodermal specification at this developmental stage. Because aberrant Hippo-YAP signaling has been implicated in the pathology of Huntington’s Disease (HD), we used isogenic mutant neuruloids to explore the relationship between signaling and the disease. We found that HD neuruloids demonstrate ectopic activation of gene targets of YAP and that pharmacological reduction of YAP’s transcriptional activity can partially rescue the HD phenotype.
Oligogenic heterozygous inheritance of sperm abnormalities in mouse
Authors: Martinez Guillaume , Coutton Charles , Loeuillet Corinne , Cazin Caroline , Muroňová Jana , Boguenet Magalie , Lambert Emeline , Dhellemmes Magali , Chevalier Geneviève , Hograindleur Jean-Pascal , Vilpreux Charline , Neirijnck Yasmine , Kherraf Zine-Eddine , Escoffier Jessica , Nef Serge , Ray Pierre F , Arnoult Christophe
Published: April 2022

Male infertility is an important health concern that is expected to have a major genetic etiology. Although high-throughput sequencing has linked gene defects to more than 50% of rare and severe sperm anomalies, less than 20% of common and moderate forms are explained. We hypothesized that this low success rate could at least be partly due to oligogenic defects – the accumulation of several rare heterozygous variants in distinct, but functionally connected, genes. Here, we compared fertility and sperm parameters in male mice harboring one to four heterozygous truncating mutations of genes linked to multiple morphological anomalies of the flagellum (MMAF) syndrome. Results indicated progressively deteriorating sperm morphology and motility with increasing numbers of heterozygous mutations. This first evidence of oligogenic inheritance in failed spermatogenesis strongly suggests that oligogenic heterozygosity could explain a significant proportion of asthenoteratozoospermia cases. The findings presented pave the way to further studies in mice and man.
A cryptic K48 ubiquitin chain binding site on UCH37 is required for its role in proteasomal degradation
Authors: Du Jiale , Babik Sandor , Li Yanfeng , Deol Kirandeep K , Eyles Stephen J , Fejzo Jasna , Tonelli Marco , Strieter Eric
Published: April 2022

Degradation by the 26 S proteasome is an intricately regulated process fine tuned by the precise nature of ubiquitin modifications attached to a protein substrate. By debranching ubiquitin chains composed of K48 linkages, the proteasome-associated ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase UCHL5/UCH37 serves as a positive regulator of protein degradation. How UCH37 achieves specificity for K48 chains is unclear. Here, we use a combination of hydrogen-deuterium mass spectrometry, chemical crosslinking, small-angle X-ray scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), molecular docking, and targeted mutagenesis to uncover a cryptic K48 ubiquitin (Ub) chain-specific binding site on the opposite face of UCH37 relative to the canonical S1 (cS1) ubiquitin-binding site. Biochemical assays demonstrate the K48 chain-specific binding site is required for chain debranching and proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins modified with branched chains. Using quantitative proteomics, translation shutoff experiments, and linkage-specific affinity tools, we then identify specific proteins whose degradation depends on the debranching activity of UCH37. Our findings suggest that UCH37 and potentially other DUBs could use more than one S1 site to perform different biochemical functions.
Multi-label emotion classification of Urdu tweets
Authors: Ashraf Noman , Khan Lal , Butt Sabur , Chang Hsien-Tsung , Sidorov Grigori , Gelbukh Alexander
Published: April 2022

Urdu is a widely used language in South Asia and worldwide. While there are similar datasets available in English, we created the first multi-label emotion dataset consisting of 6,043 tweets and six basic emotions in the Urdu Nastalíq script. A multi-label (ML) classification approach was adopted to detect emotions from Urdu. The morphological and syntactic structure of Urdu makes it a challenging problem for multi-label emotion detection. In this paper, we build a set of baseline classifiers such as machine learning algorithms (Random forest (RF), Decision tree (J48), Sequential minimal optimization (SMO), AdaBoostM1, and Bagging), deep-learning algorithms (Convolutional Neural Networks (1D-CNN), Long short-term memory (LSTM), and LSTM with CNN features) and transformer-based baseline (BERT). We used a combination of text representations: stylometric-based features, pre-trained word embedding, word-based n-grams, and character-based n-grams. The paper highlights the annotation guidelines, dataset characteristics and insights into different methodologies used for Urdu based emotion classification. We present our best results using micro-averaged F1, macro-averaged F1, accuracy, Hamming loss (HL) and exact match (EM) for all tested methods.
Species identification of introduced veronicellid slugs in Japan
Authors: Hirano Takahiro , Kagawa Osamu , Fujimoto Masanori , Saito Takumi , Uchida Shota , Yamazaki Daishi , Ito Shun , Mohammad Shariar Shovon , Sawahata Takuo , Chiba Satoshi
Published: April 2022

Reliable identification of species is important for protecting native ecosystems against the invasion of non-native species. DNA barcoding using molecular markers, such as the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene, helps researchers distinguish species. In this study, we focused on introduced veronicellid slugs in the Ryukyu Islands and some greenhouses on mainland Japan. Some veronicellids are medium-to-high risk pest species for humans. Identifying veronicellid species by their external morphology is difficult and unreliable because there is substantial overlap between intraspecific variation and interspecific differentiation. Therefore, internal morphologies such as male genitalia have been the primary traits used to distinguish veronicellids. To identify introduced veronicellid slugs in Japan to the species level, we used morphological assessment of male genitalia and DNA barcoding of the standard COI gene fragment. We also conducted species-delimitation analyses based on the genetic data. The results showed that five evolutionarily significant units, corresponding to four nominal species inhabit the Ryukyu Islands, of which two species were also found in the greenhouses of mainland Japan, including the first record of Sarasinula plebeia in Japan. The presence of non-native slug species could increase the transmission of parasites in Japan.
Biological control potential of entomopathogenic fungal strains against peach Fruit fly,Bactrocera zonata(Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Murtaza Ghulam , Naeem Muhammad , Manzoor Saba , Khan Hammad Ahmad , Eed Emad M. , Majeed Waqar , Ahmed Makki Hussain , Ramzan Uzma , Ummara Umm E.
Published: April 2022

The peachfruit fly,Bactrocera zonata(Saunders) is a polyphagous pest in nature, belonging to order,Dipteraand their respective family isTephritidae. It mostly feeds on different crops, vegetables and fruits. Different traditional chemical insecticides have been used to control this notorious pest. Excessive consumption of pesticides has become a major threat to the fresh fruits trade since many importing countries refused to accept the shipments due to public health and environmental concerns. There is a growing trend to control these pests using the most effective biological control methods and other preventive measures have been adopted for reducing their attacks. Fungal agents have been used as biological agents to manage the attack of different insects pest through biological means. The present study was conducted to assess the virulence of three entomopathogenic fungi,Metarhizium anisopliae,Beauveria bassianaandVerticillium lecanii,againstBactrocera zonatastages under different laboratory conditions. The results showed thatB. bassianaandM. anisopliaewere more effective in pathogenicity and potentially kill at all stages ofB. zonataas compared toV. lecanii. The highest mortality rate for the third larval instar and the pupal stage were recorded after exposure to the 1 × 1010conidia/ml concentrations,B. bassiana,with 68.67% and 89.67%, respectively. AdultB. zonataflies were the most susceptible to all entomopathogenic fungi. However,M. anisopliaewas more virulent againstB. zonataadult flies thanB. bassianaandV. lecaniiat 1 × 1010conidial concentration. Therefore, the entomopathogenic fungiB. bassianaandM. anisopliaecan be used as an cost effective bio-insecticide in the integrated pest management programs to controlB. zonata. This study will be helpful to overcome this pest through biological control means.
The effects of music on cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular fitness in recreationally active individuals: a narrative review
Authors: Greco Francesca , Grazioli Elisa , Cosco Loretta Francesca , Parisi Attilio , Bertollo Maurizio , Emerenziani Gian Pietro
Published: April 2022

Music is made up of several features (e.g., melody and rhythm) and it accompanies our life in different daily activities. During the last years, there was a growing interest in research about the music-related effects in the exercise domain. Music stimuli could act as an ergogenic effect leading to improvements in health-related and physical fitness components like cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular fitness. Moreover, listening to music may positively affect individuals’ psychological state which could lead to increased exercise adherence. Conflicting data exist regarding the effects of music on cardiorespiratory and muscle-strengthening exercises indicating that music’s characteristics (i.e., rhythm and musicality), studied samples (i.e., athletes and amateur) and methodology (i.e., self-selected music and research-selected music) might influence the results. Listening to music while exercising is becoming more frequent also in recreationally active individuals. While literature mainly focused on the effects of music in elite and amateur athletes, little data are available regarding recreationally active participants. Therefore, this review aims to summarize evidence regarding the effects of music on health-related physical fitness components in recreationally active individuals, specifically referring to cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular fitness. These outcomes will be helpful to all recreationally active participants to optimize the exercise protocol with the use of music.
lncRNA MALAT1 mediates osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells by sponging miR-129-5p
Authors: Yin Junhao , Zheng Zhanglong , Zeng Xiaoli , Zhao Yijie , Ai Zexin , Yu Miao , Wu Yang’ou , Jiang Jirui , Li Jia , Li Shengjiao
Published: April 2022

Background

Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have good osteogenic differentiation potential and have become ideal seed cells in bone tissue engineering. However, the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs gradually weakens with age, and the regulatory mechanism is unclear.

Method

We conducted a bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) experiment, and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) to explore the hub genes that may affect BMSC functions.

Results

The expression level of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Malat1) was significantly higher in the BMSCs from elderly than younger mice, whilemiR-129-5pshowed the opposite trend. The results of alkaline phosphatase staining, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blot experiments indicated that inhibiting the expression ofMalat1inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. This effect can be reversed by reducing the expression ofmiR-129-5p. Additionally, DLR and RIP experiments confirmed thatMalat1acts as a sponge formiR-129-5p.

Conclusion

Overall, our study findings indicated that lncRNAMalat1may play a critical role in maintaining the osteoblast differentiation potential of BMSCs by spongingmiR-129-5p.
Knowledge and Use of Oral Rehydration Solution in the Management of Childhood Diarrhoea among Mothers in a Tertiary Health Facility in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Okechukwu C. , Alabi A. , Yaguo-Ide LE.
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) has been a life-saving remedy in the home and hospital management of dehydration, particularly in infants and children under the age of five. The improper use has however resulted in morbidity and mortality in children. The purpose of this study is to assess proper use of ORS by mothers in the management of diarrhoea in under-five children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 months. Mothers of children under five years of age presenting with diarrhoea at the Diarrhoea Training Unit of a tertiary hospital were interviewed using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0.

Results: A total of 90 mothers were interviewed. 86.7% of respondents were of a high socioeconomic class. 51.1% of children with diarrhoea were between 6-15months of age. (Mean age of 17 + 12.3 months). Although 93.3% of mothers were aware of ORS, 64.4% reported using it to treat their children. Only 40 (44.4%) respondents constituted ORS appropriately and discarded unused portions at 24 hours.

Conclusion: Although mothers of under-five children are aware of the efficacy of ORS in the management of diarrhoea, their knowledge of its proper use is limited. Increased awareness among mothers of under-five children about the proper use of ORS is necessary to avoid debilitating complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, etc.