bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About healing of porosity in metal under high energy electromagnetic field
Authors: Кукуджанов Константин Владимирович , Ченцов Александр Викторович
Published: December 2020

В статье приведены результаты исследования по обработке образцов из цинка короткими импульсами высокоэнергетического электромагнитного поля. Целью работы являлась исследование возможности залечивания микропор и микротрещин внутри материала. Приводится описание используемого оборудования и методики экспериментов. Проведен анализ полученных экспериментальных данных. На основе исследования микроструктуры металла до и после воздействия полем подтверждается предположение о том, что в процессе воздействия высокоэнергетическим полем в металле может происходить уменьшение его пористости и как следствие значительное увеличение предельной пластической деформации до разрушения. Показано, что уменьшение пористости не является результатом рекристаллизации, которая при исследуемом воздействии практически не происходит.

The article presents the results of a study of treatment short pulses of a high-energy electromagnetic field on samples from zinc. The aim of the work was to study the possibility of healing micropores and microcracks inside the material. The description of the used equipment and experimental methods is given. The obtained experimental data are analyzed. Based on the study of the microstructure of the metal before and after exposure to the field, The assumption is confirmed that under the considered treatment in zinc, there may be a decrease in the damage(porosity) of the material and, as a result, a significant increase in the limit plastic strain before fracture. It is shown that the decrease in porosity is not the result of recrystallization, which practically does not occur under the studied influence.
Об одном обобщении геометрического метода Г.И. Быковцева в механике растущих континуумов
Authors: Радаев Юрий Николаевич , Мурашкин Евгений Валерьевич
Published: December 2020

В представленной работе предлагается методика постановки граничных условий в краевых задачах механики растущих тел. При выводе определяющих соотношений на поверхности наращивания используется аппарат алгебры рациональных инвариантов. Проведен вывод различных вариантов физически непротиворечивых дифференциальных ограничений на поверхности наращивания. Полученные условия справедливы для весьма широкого круга материалов и метаматериалов. Для использования сформулированных дифференциальных ограничений в конкретных приложениях необходима их экспериментальная идентификация. По этой причине полученные результаты могут служить общей основой в прикладных исследованиях по механике растущих тел.
Prilog jednoj kiparskoj ranoromaničkoj radionici u Splitu
Authors: Matetić Poljak Daniela
Published: December 2020

U članku je provedena stilska i ikonografska analiza konzole s prikazom lava koja
je kao spolij bila ugrađena na zabatu kuće Mangjer u Splitu. Kuća se nalazila na
križanju Manđerove i Bribirske ulice. Nakon njezina rušenja, konzola je prenesena
u Samostan sestara milosrdnica svetog Vinka Paulskog u Splitu, gdje se i danas
čuva. Izvorni arhitektonski kontekst konzole nije poznat. Tipski i stilski srodan joj
je par konzola na portalu crkve svetog Mikule (sv. Nikole) u Velom Varošu u Splitu.
Autorica ih grupira u krug iste ranoromaničke radionice koja je djelovala koncem 11.
i početkom 12. stoljeća. Konzola s kuće Mangjer nastaje nedugo nakon para konzola
sa Svetog Mikule. Izradio ju je majstor koji dobro poznaje potonje konzole, vješto
kopira njihovu kompoziciju i dimenzije. U oblikovanju zahtjevnijih dijelova (poput
lavlje glave ili akantusova lista na konzolici pod lavljom figurom) otkriva nešto slabiji
oblikovni kapacitet u odnosu na predložak.
К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ОЦЕНКЕ СЕЙСМИЧЕСКОГО РИСКА
Authors:   ГАБИБОВ Ф.Г., ШОКБАРОВ Е.М., БАЯТ Х.Р.
Published: December 2020

В статье приведен системный анализ известных методик оценки сейсмического риска. Авторами предлагается определенная концепция расшифровки и оценки сейсмического риска для развивающихся городов, где существующие здания и памятники окружаются современными зданиями и сооружениями. По предложенной методике, средний сейсмический риск может быть определен как суммарные произведения вероятностей получения определенного ущерба от землетрясения, вызванного причиной или событием определенного типа.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Duygusal Emek Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: DIĞIN Figen , KIZILCIK ÖZKAN Zeynep
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin duygusal emek davranışlarını belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma, 9-13 Mart 2020 tarihinde bir üniversitenin sağlık yüksekokulunda hemşirelik bölümünde okuyan, araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 230 öğrencinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma için üniversitenin etik kurulundan ve kurumdan yazılı izin alınmıştır. Veri toplamada “Öğrenci Bilgi Formu” ve “Hemşirelerin Duygusal Emek Davranışı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 22.0 programında Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H ve Spearman korelasyon testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı olarak p
Yaşlılarda Ortaya Çıkan Fizyolojik Değişiklikler
Authors: AĞAR Ali
Published: December 2020

İleri yaşa bağlı yaşlılarda bir takım fizyolojik değişiklikler meydana gelmektedir. Bu değişiklikler bireyin günlük yaşamını, çalışma hayatını, bağımlılık durumunu ve çevresi ile iletişimini etkilemektedir. Bununla birlikte, yaşa bağlı değişikliklerinin tümüne yalnızca yaşlanmak neden olmaz. Sedanter yaşam tarzı, çevre koşulları ve stresli yaşam da yaşlanmaya bağlı değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Yaşlılardaki patolojik değişiklikleri anlayabilmek için yaşlanma ile meydana gelen değişiklikleri öğrenmek gerekmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, yaşlılarda görülen fizyolojik değişiklerin fark edilebilmesine ve tanımlanabilmesine katkıda bulunmaktır.
A 2020. július végi rendkívüli vízkáresemények vízügyi igazgatási és közgazdasági tapasztalatai
Authors: Balatonyi László , Tóth László
Published: December 2020

In the scope of activities of the General Directorate of Water Management (further OVF) have been conspicuous parts water management of settlements and of rainwater since 2019. Organisations of the Ministry of Interior with nationwide competence have at least one feature in common, i.e. serving for safety of the citizens. The government has controlled - through the Ministry of Interior, by the deputy secretariat for water management - the managerial organisations for water management, which are primarily responsible for water management in Hungary. For water management, appearing on state level mainly as regional water management. It is important to note that water management is not organised by regions of public service but by water accumulators. Another important supporting column of consistent and effective water management is water management of the settlements. Our settlements are increased exposed to effects of climate change as on these areas are concentrated the majority of population and of economic activities and, on the other side, the cities are frequently placed on sensitive areas considering climate change (endangered among others by floods or internal waters or by droughts). City water systems – including drinking water system, dirty water and rainwater delivering and cleaning systems – are specially endangered, as climate change is manifested first of all in change of hydrological circle (Buzás, 2015). The elaboration of basic technical, economic and legal frames for water management of settlements is a highlighted duty of the Hungarian water management. To tasks and general goals belongs further strengthening of water management based on real and actual digital bases, suitable to achieve the goals fixed in the National Water Strategy. In the rainwater management of settlements are preventive measures especially important (no matter whether these are structural of not structural measures). When planning development, it is important to realise as far as possible holding waters locally. There is a great need to build reservoirs which are suitable both for protection against damages by floods, cloudbursts and for holding local waters, supporting also welfare and ecologic goals – supposed that they do not suppress the basic functions of reservoirs. In July 2020 there were floods of smaller water flows causing considerable damages on areas of several water management directorates. Restoration needs, in value of several billions, have been arisen (acts of nature in water and settlement matters). This comprehensive paper presents interventions and experiences acquired through activities of local water damage control.
Titkos eszközök alkalmazása a rendőri korrupciós bűncselekmények nyomozásában
Authors: Veprik Zita
Published: December 2020

Corruption crime cases in law enforcement have extended risks for the society, as they may undermine confidence of the citizens in law enforcement organs, causing safety deficits. Prevention and elucidation of these crimes are equally important tasks for the authorities. Simultaneously, prevention and elucidation of corruption crimes in law enforcement is – due to several factors – very difficult, and open methods are frequently not enough for a successful prosecution. For an effective elucidation are use of secret tools and gathering data in conspiracy indispensable. In the present paper the author examines certain legally specified secret tools from the aspect how they can be used in criminal procedure of police corruption crimes. Further he analyses the effective regulation system in criminal procedure, also from the perspective how they can cover the total demand system of elucidation, upon practical experiences.
A DYNAMIC CREDIT SCORING MODEL BASED ON SURVIVAL GRADIENT BOOSTING DECISION TREE APPROACH
Authors: Xia Yufei , He Lingyun , Li Yinguo , Fu Yating , Xu Yixin
Published: December 2020

Credit scoring, which is typically transformed into a classification problem, is a powerful tool to manage credit risk since it forecasts the probability of default (PD) of a loan application. However, there is a growing trend of integrating survival analysis into credit scoring to provide a dynamic prediction on PD over time and a clear explanation on censoring. A novel dynamic credit scoring model (i.e., SurvXGBoost) is proposed based on survival gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) approach. Our proposal, which combines survival analysis and GBDT approach, is expected to enhance predictability relative to statistical survival models. The proposed method is compared with several common benchmark models on a real-world consumer loan dataset. The results of out-of-sample and out-of-time validation indicate that SurvXGBoost outperform the benchmarks in terms of predictability and misclassification cost. The incorporation of macroeconomic variables can further enhance performance of survival models. The proposed SurvXGBoost meanwhile maintains some interpretability since it provides information on feature importance.
Lateral Rectus Muscle Injury During Double-Headed Pterygium Surgery: A Rare Complication
Authors: Tibrewal Shailja , Rath Soveeta , Ganesh Suma , Sangwan Virender S.
Published: December 2020

A 43-year-old man developed double vision, esotropia, and abduction limitation after excision of a doubleheaded pterygium. Exploration during strabismus surgery 4 months later revealed a partially severed lateral rectus muscle and extensive conjunctival scarring. Direct injury to the lateral rectus muscle during pterygium surgery is extremely rare. Prevention and management strategies are discussed.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57:e96–e99.]
Conflit autour du marché des montagnards Khmirs dans les années 1870 : communauté, immunités et revendications d’autonomie
Authors: Ben Slimane Fatma
Published: December 2020

Ce travail a pour objet le conflit qui oppose dans les années 1870 le gouvernement des beys de Tunis aux montagnards Khmirs, autour de leur marché hebdomadaire, Sūq al-Ahad (marché du dimanche) menacé à la fois par de nouvelles charges fiscales et par l’expansion coloniale française dans l’Est algérien. À partir des archives générées par ce conflit, une approche centrée sur les revendications que soulèvent les tentatives d’empiéter sur les prérogatives des maîtres de ce marché permet d’explorer les différentes formes de mobilisations et les grammaires de légitimation des acteurs du Sūq al-Ahad pour défendre, dans un contexte de plus en plus contraignant, ce qu’ils considèrent comme leurs droits.
Une révolution numérique de la géographie ? Le cas de la géomatique.
Authors: Joliveau Thierry
Published: December 2020

Technoscience plutôt que "simple" ingénierie technique, la relation de la géomatique à la géographie est complexe, contradictoire et, à certains moments conflictuels. Elle a rapidement mobilisé une dimension critique pour comprendre les enjeux sociaux, politiques, culturels, épistémologiques de l’adoption de ces outils informatiques par les géographes.
Le foisonnement récent de la géographie critique en France
Authors: Gintrac Cécile
Published: December 2020

Depuis dix ans, le terme « géographie critique », s’est fait une place dans le champ de la géographie française. Si cette émergence est le fruit d’une puissante internationalisation de la recherche, elle remobilise aussi les héritages de la géographie française, notamment ceux des décennies 1970 et 1980.
Middle School Instructional Practices
Authors: Gaines Cherie B.
Published: December 2020

As middle school students, typically aged 10-14, begin to navigate a new world after elementary school, not only does their environment change but so do their specific learning needs. When defining the middle school philosophy, it is important to recognize the need for higher order thinking skills. To meet this need and to utilize developmentally responsive instructional strategies, middle school teachers face the daily challenge of designing learning experiences for the classroom. In this chapter, the author discusses a study investigating middle school teachers' espoused beliefs about appropriate instructional strategies and the actual strategies used in their schools. Characteristics of developmentally responsive instructional strategies, including blended learning, are also described.
Strategies to Overcome Middle School Teachers' Classroom Management Stress
Authors: Divoll Kent Alan , Ribeiro Angelica Ramos
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to explain the complexities of classroom management, student development, and middle school philosophy for new teachers at the middle school level. In addition, the authors provide the following four strategies to help new teachers deal with the stress of classroom situations: (a) improving knowledge of student development, the brain, and stress; (b) focusing on what is in the teachers' control; (c) breaking down the tasks into small chunks; and (d) creating a positive mindset. This chapter is unique because few authors have combined the concepts of middle school teacher stress caused by classroom management, how the brain influences classroom management, teacher stress, the cyclical nature of new teacher stress, and strategies to ameliorate stress.
Engaging the Community in Curriculum Reforms for More Engaged Learners
Authors: Potter Ian , Willis Christopher R.
Published: December 2020

In England, there is a middle school provision dominated by a performance orientated culture. In many schools this has led to a narrowing of the curriculum design, marginalizing subjects that are considered to be less academically rigorous. A period of austerity measures has also limited activity linked to pastoral care, character education, and enrichment. This chapter examines how a group of school leaders in the South of England endeavored to manage reform of their middle school curriculum in order to change this. The data analyzed is taken from documented communications that illuminate the narrative of what the school leaders espoused to achieve and how they went about achieving their mission. It is found that the leaders are ‘walking-the-talk' in terms of how their planning matches their articulated espousal. The conclusion is that the evidence of implementation indicates a sustainable transformation of the middle school programmed of instruction is likely.
Communities of Practice for Promoting Organizational and Informal Learning in Public Administration
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez David , Gairin Joaquin
Published: December 2020

Professional development of the members of any organization is a key and essential factor to promote innovation and, ultimately, the improvement of public organizations. Communities of practice is one of the leading strategies used to promote knowledge management processes aimed at generating organizational and individual and informal learning. This chapter presents some of the results and proposals from an extensive study developed in two phases which focus on some key factors for promoting innovation in public administration. The first phase tries to identify some of the mechanisms that facilitate or hinder learning, organizational and informal, in public organizations. The second phase is focused on analysis of knowledge management practices through communities of practice in public administration. The results enable us to suggest some proposals and future research lines aimed at improving both organizational and informal learning, along with innovations that contribute to improving the public administration.
Impact of Group Mentoring on the Professional Development of Early Childhood Teachers in a Shanghai Kindergarten
Authors: Lu Lingyun
Published: December 2020

This study sought to discover whether group mentoring could serve the purpose for which it is intended in an early childhood educational context. As an alternative to the traditional mentoring model, group mentoring attempts to provide as much, if not more, instructional and emotional support as traditional mentoring relationships, which we assume to be conducive to teachers' professional development in Chinese early childhood educational contexts. In addition, group mentoring facilitates communication, collaboration and mutual growth in ways that traditional mentoring lacks. It also examined whether both mentors and mentees could be involved in the mentoring process as learners and as reflective educators on their journey of professional development, including developing their reflective and research capabilities. This qualitative case study focused on the impact of group mentoring on the professional development of four teachers in a Shanghai kindergarten. Within the theoretical framework of COP (Community of Practice), it was an investigation of how the group mentoring process, an alternative to traditional models of professional development, had an impact on the teachers in a changing early childhood education context in China. This study featured in-depth individual interviews with the four teachers (two mentors and two mentees), who are in the same mentoring group, and observations of their group mentoring activities. Data was coded and analyzed qualitatively. Major themes emerged from the study: the teachers' perceptions of the model, the benefits and challenges it brings, and its influence on their relationships and identity. The study aimed to gain insight into how group mentoring, a potentially optimal model, has exerted an influence on the teachers' professional development. This study concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings and areas for future research.
From Sociology to ICTs
Authors: Mon Alicia
Published: December 2020

This chapter addresses the inclusion of women in the field of information technology from a perspective that promotes the creation of interdisciplinary spaces, making visible the knowledge inherent to the different professions capable of adding value to technological development. The model presented here was created to evaluate the level of technological development that will allow the determining of the components needed for the transformation towards Industry 4.0, from which you can determine the knowledge necessary for the development of products in their real context of use. Areas such as data science, virtual reality, or human-computer interaction design techniques, models, and/or tools for the construction of solutions that do not require strictly engineering-based knowledge. This chapter proposes a journey towards the development and adoption of technologies in the industry, which requires the inclusion of interdisciplinary knowledge, hence giving new meaning to the role of women in technological development.
Leveraging Linked Data in Open Education
Authors: Chicaiza Janneth
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the processes of training, teaching, and online learning have become more widespread. In this context, open education has the role of empowering people to meet their learning goals. Aligned with this vision, educational institutions are offering open access to their educational resources. However, content is delivering from different platforms by making a challenging task for users to find accurate information. To face this issue, the academic community is adopting Semantic Web and Linked Data for publishing and sharing data. In this chapter, the author presents the main findings in this area. From a technological point of view, the contribution focuses on the main stages of the linked data publishing cycle. Also, from the perspective of the application domain, the author explains the research's contribution regarding three dimensions of Open Education. This chapter ends with some thoughts regarding the author's research path, her remaining tasks, and future trends.
Innovation and Creativity in Software Engineering Education
Authors: Gasca-Hurtado Gloria Piedad , Gómez-Álvarez María Clara , Losada Bell Manrique
Published: December 2020

The last decade has increased the demand of software products in several economy sectors; therefore, the need to train people in software engineering is growing. Software engineering, as a discipline, requires developing in engineers technical and social/soft competencies. For all the above, we have been working on the incorporation of new strategies in software engineering education, seeking that students build up software products aligned with organizations business processes. The core of most of such educational strategies is the ‘game' constitutes a dynamic element that changes the ways of interaction and support in the learning processes. The authors present a set of approaches centered on innovation and creativity in which they have made significant contributions along the 10 last years, from the following work branches: 1) methodological, comprising methodologies, methods, techniques, and strategies; 2) application, presenting proposals oriented to games; and 3) support, including guidelines and instruments to evaluate and help in classroom practice.
Boosting the Competitiveness of Organizations With the Use of Software Engineering
Authors: Muñoz Mirna
Published: December 2020

Software has become the core of organizations in different domains because the capacity of their products, systems, and services have an increasing dependence on software. This fact highlights the research challenges to be covered by computer science, especially in the software engineering (SE) area. On the one way, SE is in charge of covering all the aspects related to the software development process from the early stages of software development until its maintenance and therefore is closely related to the software quality. On the other hand, SE is in charge of providing engineers able to provide technological-base solutions to solve industrial problems. This chapter provides a research work path focused on helping software development organizations to change to a continuous software improvement culture impacting both their software development process highlighting the human factor training needs. Results show that the implementation of best practices could be easily implemented if adequate support is provided.
Developing a Model and a Tool for the Formation of Project Teams
Authors: André Ampuero Margarita , Infante Abreu Ana Lilian
Published: December 2020

Given the importance of team quality in the success of a project, this chapter presents a summary of the results obtained in 10 years of work, dedicated to the study and development of models and tools for the formation of project teams, from identifying the diversity of factors that can be taken into account in different contexts. The main characteristics of a model and versions of a configurable tool that support the model are described, which facilitates its application in different contexts and allows experimenting with different algorithms and solution methods to identify those that offer the best results.
Virtual Reality in Object Location
Authors: Lara López Graciela
Published: December 2020

Currently, virtual reality (VR) is a computer technology that is growing in terms of developments and discoveries. Virtual reality has been introduced in different areas due to the growing interest it has caused in people. The development of applications with virtual reality is increasingly varied, covering activities, tasks, or processes of everyday life in the fields of industry, education, medicine, tourism, art, entertainment, design, and modeling of objects, among others. This chapter will focus on describing the latest advances and developments in virtual reality within the scope of representing reality in the process of locating objects. With the support of virtual environments and intelligent virtual agents, the author has managed to develop a computational model that generates indications in natural language, for the location of objects considering spatial and cognitive aspects of the users.
Strategies to Turn a Graduate School Paper Into a Publishable Journal Manuscript
Authors: Morton Patricia Gonce , Nerges John
Published: December 2020

Graduate students complete papers for course requirements, doctor of nursing practice and master’s projects, and doctoral dissertations. The valuable information contained in these school papers may be appropriate for publication in professional journals. Graduate students must learn the key differences between school paper and journal article styles. Using this critical information, students can revise their school papers in journal style and achieve a successful publication that contributes to the literature and, ultimately, to the care of patients and their families.
Microplastics and their fate in Marine Environment: A review
Authors: Kalutharage Nishantha K.
Published: December 2020

Microplastic (MP) is a collective term to describe a heterogeneous mixture of plastic particles ranging in size from a few microns to several millimetres in diameter. MPs are pollutants threatening the marine environment globally. Plastics released to the environment, over time, will be exposed to weathering, sunlight, and mechanical degradation, large plastics will become brittle and break down into secondary microplastic or MPs can be released directly from cosmetics and personal care products. These MPs are composed of several plastic types and can be affected on marine environment (primary MP), not only by itself but also by accumulating other pollutants such as heavy metals and organic pollutants.
First citation of Macrocoma splendens for La Gomera, Canary Islands (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Eumolpinae)
Authors: Zoia Stefano
Published: December 2020

Macrocoma splendens Lindberg, 1950, is reported for the first time for La Gomera (Canary Islands) and examined specimens are compared with specimens collected at La Palma and tenerife. this is the first citation of a Macrocoma species for La Gomera.
L’aborto nel mondo. Aggiornamento statistico-epidemiologico in tema di aborto legalmente registrato
Authors: Spaziante Ermenegildo
Published: December 2020

Il confronto tra i dati statistici concernenti gli aborti indotti, legalmente registrati, mostra che fra gli indici di abortività riferiti per il 1995 ed il 1996, 25 nazioni hanno presentato variazioni rispetto all’anno precedente.

Complessivamente, per le suddette nazioni, si è passati da un totale di 8.857.953 aborti indotti registrati nell’anno precedente, ad un totale di 6.014.649 aborti riferiti nell’anno successivo, di più recente rilevazione, e dunque con una differenza di 2.843.304 in meno, equivalente ad un calo, per i dati assoluti, del 32.09%.

Le nazioni che hanno registrato il calo più imponente nel numero degli aborti sono state la Polonia (con il 60.7% in meno), la Russia (con il 46.6% in meno), la Repubblica Ceca (con il 44% in meno), la Romania (con il 15.3% in meno).

L’aumento numerico assoluto più consistente si è registrato in Estonia (43,6% in più), nel Kyrgyzstan (con il 20.4% in più), in Olanda (con il 7.7% in più), in Grecia (con il 7.8% in più).

Per quanto riguarda l’indice di abortività riferito al numero dei nati vivi nello stesso anno, si riscontra che le variazioni più significative sono state registrate per la Russia, la Romania, l’Ungheria e la Polonia.

L’incremento più rilevante dell’indice di abortività riferita a 100 nati vivi viene registrato in Estonia, in Bulgaria e in Lettonia.
Intraocular endoscopy
Authors: Dave Vivek Pravin , Tyagi Mudit , Narayanan Raja , Pappuru Rajeev Reddy
Published: December 2020

Optimal visualization is one of the most challenging aspects of performing vitreoretinal surgery. In situations where conventional microscopic techniques provide poor posterior visualization, the adjunctive skill set of endoscopic visualization may be needed. This allows for by-passing the opaque anterior segment media and getting access to the posterior segment pathology. Endoscopic vitrectomy is a useful and unique adjunct to microincision vitreoretinal surgery. The optical set-up of endoscopy allows for clinical approaches that are impossible with regular microscope viewing systems. These include the ability to observe across optically significant anterior segment opacities and directly visualize the posterior segment of the eye. It also allows for visualizing the difficult-to-access retroirideal, retrolental, and anterior retinal structures. Surgical access to anatomic spaces like the pars plana, pars plicata, ciliary sulcus, ciliary body, and peripheral lens is tedious. This is made simpler by endoscopy. In this review, we summarize and review the usage of the intraocular endoscope as a diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium across a wide spectrum of ocular pathologies.
A simplified ex vivo model to learn the correct orientation of Descemet membrane endothelial graft
Authors: Srirampur Arjun , Mansoori Tarannum
Published: December 2020

We describe a simple, endoilluminator-assisted technique, which enables an easy identification of the descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty graft orientation, as well as provides its good visualization in the anterior chamber, during all the steps of surgery in the wet lab.
Amniotic membrane transplant in acute ocular surface burns in Western India
Authors: Parmar Dipali P , Bhole Pradnya K , Patel Parita N , Jadeja Jagruti N
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

To evaluate the outcomes of early amniotic membrane transplant (AMT) in acute ocular surface burns using Dua's classification.

Methods:

In this retrospective analysis conducted at a tertiary eye care center in Western India. We included 27 eyes of 24 patients from May 2014 to May 2019 who underwent AMT within 2 weeks post insult along with medical treatment for acute ocular surface burns using Dua's classification for grading on presentation. Post-operative assessment for ocular surface epithelization, corneal vascularization, symblepharon formation, and visual outcome at the time of complete epithelization was done.

Results:

Eight, seven, three, and nine eyes with grade III, IV, V, and VI, respectively, were included in the study. The mean duration of the presentation was 5.5 ± 3.6 days, with the mean follow-up of 4.83 ± 2.2 months. Alkali burn (62.96%, 17/27 eyes) was the commonest. The mean epithelization time was 5.80 ± 2.92 weeks. Corneal vascularization for >6 clock hours was seen in 52.38% (11/21 eyes with vascularization). Symblepharon was seen in 55.55% (15/27 eyes). Vision improvement and corneal vascularization to a lesser extent (<6 clock hours) was observed in Group A (grades III and IV) as compared to group B (grades V and VI) and found to be significant (P-value = 0.031, P value = 0.007, respectively).

Conclusion:

Amniotic membrane grafting is a useful aid in moderate grades of acute ocular surface burns with an important adjunct role in severe cases.
Comparison of horizontal versus vertical split conjunctival autograft in the management of double head pterygium
Authors: Kodavoor Shreesha Kumar , Soundarya B , Dandapani Ramamurthy
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

To compare horizontal and vertical split conjunctival autograft technique in the management of double head pterygium.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 96 and 99 eyes with double head pterygia that underwent horizontal (Group 1) and vertical (Group 2) split conjunctival autografting, respectively. Comparison of recurrence rates and other complications was done.

Results:

Recurrence was seen in 5.2% and 4% of the eyes in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P > 0.05). Other complications like subconjunctival hemorrhage, graft edema, graft retraction, granuloma, and graft loss were also comparable among the two groups.

Conclusion:

Both the techniques provide good results with comparable efficacy in terms of rates of recurrence and complication profiles.
Saving space
Authors: Kauser Farnaz , Amitava Abadan K , Saxena Juhi , Raza S Aisha , Masood Anam , Alam Md. Shahid
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

Assessing visual acuity (VA) is the cornerstone of an ophthalmic workup and needs VA charts in a four or six meters space. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of distant VA (DVA) on one meter mini-logMAR (MLM) with a standard six meter logMAR (SLM) chart.

Methods:

We developed a MLM chart to be used at 1 m with +1.0 D spectacles, by reducing the SLM chart designed for 6 meters, to 1/6th its size, using AutoCAD version 2014. On an initial cohort, we obtained DVA on the two charts by optometrist trainees, masked to the outcomes on the different tests. We performed regression and checked agreement between the two measurements. Subsequently, on a new cohort, we validated the performance of the MLM.

Results:

Of the 56 initial subjects, mean DVA with SLM was 0.44 ± 0.13 and with MLM was 0.45 ± 0.13; mean difference of -0.01 ± 0.02, 95%CI: 0.007 to 0.018; P < 0.0001 on paired t-test. There was a significant correlation: r = 0.99; r2 = 0.98, P < 0.0001. On an average, DVA with MLM was less than a letter worse than with SLM. The regression formula obtained: SLM DVA = -0.1312 + 1.0014 x (MLM DVA). The validation study revealed no significant difference (P = 0.29) between the predicted standard DVA calculated by the regression formula and the actual standard.

Conclusion:

We suggest that we can deduce distance logMAR VA from a mini-logMAR chart as devised and used by us. This will take less space, be portable and allow congenial interaction with patients.
Comparison of standard and “innovative wide-field” optical coherence tomography images in assessment of vitreoretinal interface in proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Mishra Divyansh Kailashchandra , Shanmugam Mahesh P , Ramanjulu Rajesh , Sagar Pradeep
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

To compare the standard and “innovative wide-field” optical coherence tomography images in assessment of vitreoretinal interface in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods:

Fifty consecutive eyes of 25 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy underwent 12 × 12 mm radial swept source-optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging using standard technique and innovative wide-field (+90D) technique. The image expansion ratio was calculated using Image J software.

Results:

Out of the 50 eyes, only in four eyes with +90 D were minimally misaligned or were having quality less than grade 2 as compared to standard OCT. The mean age group was 51 ± 4.5 years. The expansion ratio (scan length) increased by a factor of 1.65 ± 0.67 when obtained using +90 D technique.

Conclusion:

Innovative wide-field technique provides us with the widest of available OCT scans with the presently available machine and the software.
Diarrhea in Children with Plasmodium falciparum Malaria: A Case–Control Study on the Prevalence and Response to Antimalarial Treatment
Authors: Lo Vecchio Andrea , Basile Francesca Wanda , Bruzzese Dario , Di Dato Fabiola , Aol Pamella , Omona Venice , Smarrazzo Andrea , Guarino Alfredo
Published: December 2020

The role of Plasmodium in the etiology of acute diarrhea in developing countries remains controversial, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are inconsistently reported in malaria. In this observational case–control study, we investigated the prevalence and risk factors for GI symptoms in hospitalized malarious children aged 1 month to 5 years in northern Uganda. Children with a diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria were enrolled as cases, and feverish children in whom malaria was excluded were enrolled as controls. Among 451 malarious children, 46.1% had GI symptoms at admission. Compared with controls, the frequency of diarrhea (24.8% versus 11.2%, P < 0.001) and vomiting (35.5% versus 17.5%, P < 0.001) was significantly higher in children with malaria, who had a higher chance of showing either vomiting (odds ratio [OR]: 3.22; 95% CI: 2.14–4.91) or diarrhea (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.99–5.07) at hospital admission. A subgroup analysis performed in children with severe malaria, severe anemia, or high-grade fever confirmed these results. Diarrhea was more frequent in infants and children younger than 3 years than in older children. The analysis of 71 malarious children with diarrhea who received intravenous artesunate showed that the symptom resolved within the first 24 hours since the beginning of the treatment in 85.9% of cases. The 3-fold higher prevalence of diarrhea and vomiting in malarious children compared with febrile controls may provide rationale for incorporating malaria testing in the symptom-guided diagnostic approach of the young child with diarrhea and vomiting in malaria-endemic settings.
Post-Covid-19 Recovery Policies: Place-based and Sustainable Strategies
Authors: Tuffs Richard , Larosse Jan , Corpakis Dimitri
Published: December 2020

The Corona-crisis is a wake-up call to make our way of life and our economy more resilient. While still struggling with the immediate impact of the crisis, policy makers are preparing an unprecedented investment effort to direct our economy to a new, sustainable future. The EU must develop leadership at all policy levels for the green, digital and white transitions. But rebooting the economy not only requires huge investment efforts, the ‘what’. Equally important is the ‘how’, the way that the recovery strategy is designed, governed and implemented. Therefore, the Green Deal and industrial strategy must develop a multi-level governance model that engages cities and regions across Europe – the policy levels closest to both citizens and innovation ecosystems that deliver solutions for citizens’ needs.  Drawing lessons from the Lisbon Strategy, the smart specialisation approach has been developed to prevent the fragmentation of investment efforts in the EU by prioritising innovation and transformation investment in Member States and regions in their competitive strengths. It is now a core component of EU Cohesion policy and is increasingly aligning specialisations in partnerships across borders. A new ‘Marshall Plan’ for EU recovery should take on board the role of place-based innovation and smart specialisation in regions and cities, to co-invest effectively in new EU value chains.
INFLUÊNCIA DO DIÂMETRO DO FOLÍCULO PRÉ OVULATÓRIO SOBRE A TAXA DE PRENHEZ DE VACAS SUBMETIDAS À IATF
Authors:   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Lima Clessiane Valeria Souza
Published: December 2020

A inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) é uma biotecnologia reprodutiva utilizada para melhorar o desempenho dos rebanhos, através do uso de protocolos hormonais. A técnica permite induzir a ciclicidade de vacas além de eliminar a necessidade de observação de cio, um grande diferencial para o crescimento da IATF. Um ponto importante na taxa de concepção das vacas é o tamanho do folículo ovulatório. O objetivo desse trabalho foi confirmar a existência da correlação do diâmetro folicular e a taxa de gestação em vacas. Foram utilizadas 30 vacas de diferentes raças, Nelore, Purunã e cruzadas, nas quais foi realizada a medição do diâmetro folicular por ultrassonografia transretal antes da IATF. A partir disso, os animais foram divididos em dois grupos (G1= <10 mm e G2= <10 mm). Trinta dias após a IATF foi realizado o diagnóstico de gestação através de palpação retal associado a ultrassonografia transretal. A taxa de concepção foi de 53,33% (16/30), da qual 13,33% para o G1 e 40% para o G2, além de observar que não houve influência do diâmetro folicular (p=0,056). Este estudo sugere a necessidade de mais pesquisas a respeito do assunto.
Arama/Kurtarma Gemilerindeki Tahlisiye (Can Kurtarma) Faaliyetlerinde L Tipi Matris Yöntemi ile Risk Değerlendirmesi
Authors: LAFÇI Özgür , ÖZTEKİN Alkan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada ülkemizde Arama Kurtarma (A/K) amacıyla kullanılan gemilerdeki hassas faaliyetler içerisindeki; harici yangın söndürme, tıbbi tahliye, düzensiz göçmen olaylarına müdahale, kaybolan/sürüklenen tekneye müdahale ve denizden insan kurtarma faaliyetlerindeki tehlikeler çeklist yöntemi ile belirlenerek alınması gereken temel iş güvenliği önlemleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Hassas faaliyetlerdeki ortak iş güvenliği önlemleri olarak; faaliyete uygun kişisel koruyucu donanımların personel tarafından kullanılması, A/K gemisinde operasyon esnasında batma ve su almayı önlemek maksadıyla dışa açılan kaporta ve lombozların kapalı tutulması, dış güvertede kaygan/ıslak zeminde çalışılması sebebiyle emniyet halatı, kaydırmaz tabanlı ayakkabı, can yeleği gibi kişisel koruyucu donanımların giyilmesi ve kullanılan matafora, yedekleme donanımı, kurtarma ağı gibi ekipmanların periyodik bakımlarının zamanında yaptırılması ve çalışır durumda tutulması olarak öngörülmüştür. Çalışmada risk analizi belirlenmesinde L tipi matris yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Kaybolan/sürüklenen tekneye müdahale faaliyeti ile ilgili kullanılan risk analizi uygulaması sonucunda; en yüksek risk skoru değerinin 25 ile halat kopması tehlikesinde olduğu, en düşük risk skoru değerinin ise 3 ile üşüme tehlikesinde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç olarak tehlikeli meslek gruplarını bünyesinde barındıran denizcilik sektörü içindeki tüm gemiler için risk analizleri yapılarak sonrasında alınacak tedbirler belirlenmelidir. Böylece çalışanları tehlikelerden korurken verimliliğin de artmasına katkı sağlanmış olunacaktır.
“A mídia somos nós”
Authors: De Marchi Leonardo , Gutierrez Mendes Gabriel
Published: December 2020

O propósito do artigo é analisar o modelo de negócio dos Racionais MC’s para compreender como o rap tem se articulado com a indústria fonográfica brasileira em sua atual conjuntura. O objetivo é contextualizar a trajetória do grupo em relação às transformações da indústria fonográfica nacional em anos recentes. A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre indústria fonográfica e rap no Brasil, argumenta-se que os Racionais MC’s foram o primeiro grupo de rap a conseguir assumir a totalidade do controle de sua carreira, criando um paradigma na indústria fonográfica brasileira. Este êxito serve de exemplo para novos artistas da cena de rap no Brasil e pode apontar um novo cenário no atual momento de transformações estruturais desse negócio.
Turkish Banks and Digitalization: Policy Recommendations from a Qualitative Study
Authors: YILDIRIM Ahmet Coşkun
Published: December 2020

Digitalization, as a popular issue in banking, is changing the way of doing business with new business models resulting in a change in employment structure, business

development and sales/marketing. Digital platforms utilize operational efficiency, data intensive and even artificial intelligence driven risk management and decision making processes. This change has led to repercussions in organizational structures of banks, sectoral regulations and policy development perspectives. With respect to that, in this study, structured interviews are conducted with seven Turkish top bank managers to provide feedbacks and policy recommendations from the field that support the aforementioned change in banking.
İş Tatmini ve Kaygı Düzeyinin İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerine Etkisi: Banka Çalışanları Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma
Authors: KARADAĞ AK Özlem , DİKEN Ahmet
Published: December 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, işten ayrılma niyetinin, iş tatmini ve kaygı düzeyi değişkenleri üzerinden ne derece etkilendiğinin ölçülmesidir. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma, Konya’da faaliyet gösteren özel ve kamu sektöründe yer alan mevduat ve katılım bankalarının 413 çalışanı üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizi aşamasında, katılımcıların ölçeklerden aldıkları puanların demografik değişkenlere göre değişip değişmediğini tespit etmek

amacıyla bağımsız gruplar t testi ve çok değişkenli varyans analizi (MANOVA) ve onu takip eden tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) yapılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ile hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra durumluk ve sürekli kaygı ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide iş tatmininin aracı rolü bootstrapping yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; durumluk kaygı ve sürekli kaygı iş tatmini ile negatif yönlü orta düzeyde ve işten ayrılma niyeti ile pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde; iş tatmini ise işten ayrılma niyeti ile negatif yönlü orta düzeyde ilişkili olarak bulunmuştur.
Маркируя место: роль пустых пространств в ментальных границах города (на примере устья реки Смоленки)
Authors: Troitskaya Anna A.
Published: December 2020

Как пустые пространства города влияют на формирование городских идентичностей? Лакуны и пустоты в городском ландшафте — не только набор географических измерений. Они вторгаются в контуры городского рисунка или существуют как его основа, некая данность, позволяющая упорядочить место вокруг. Ментальное картографирование позволяет провести невидимые границы городских территорий, приобретающих в результате этих разрывов самостоятельное значение. Эстетика городских пустот имеет свою подоплеку, особенно тогда, когда можно говорить о культурной памяти, присущей данному ландшафту. Но всегда ли есть место осмысленному мнемоническому переживанию внутри этих ментальных границ? Может ли идти речь о региональной идентичности жителя Петербурга в связи с новыми, необжитыми, намывными территориями?

В статье анализируется локус с нулевым уровнем культурной памяти — современное место впадения реки Смоленки в воды Финского залива в северо-западной части Васильевского острова. Устье реки Смоленки и территория вокруг него рассматриваются как одно из петербургских «не-мест» (в терминологии, предложенной М. Оже), то есть мест, лишенных персональной истории, не определенных через идентичность и культурные связи. Черновик несуществующего парка, протоки, окруженные пустырями, являют собой не только физический разрыв в городской застройке вдали от туристических достопримечательностей, но и воплощение пустоты как чистого листа культурной памяти. Положение «не-места» обеспечивает и особенную привлекательность для посетителей этих краев, преодолевающих транзитные состояния запланированными неспешными променадами по необустроенным берегам реки и залива, принятием солнечных ванн и другими способами проведения досуга. В то же время, устье Смоленки относится к одной из тех территорий, которые быстро наполняются соотносимыми с ними культурными смыслами, стилистическими аллюзиями, что ведет к возникновению нового символического ландшафта.