bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Larangan Memfasilitasi Transaksi Pembayaran Sistem Elektronik pada Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan nomor 31 Tahun 2023 Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah (Studi Kasus pada Social Commerce)
Authors: Faishal Nurallamsyah  , Mustapa Kamal Rokan
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini membahas pembatasan dalam mengaktifkan transaksi pembayaran elektronik sebagaimana diuraikan dalam Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 31 Tahun 2023, dengan penekanan pada bagaimana peraturan ini berdampak pada platform perdagangan sosial Indonesia seperti Facebook Shop, Instagram Shop, dan TikTok Shop. Social commerce telah berkembang pesat seiring dengan meningkatnya penggunaan media sosial sebagai sarana pemasaran dan penjualan. Namun, regulasi ini melarang platform-platform tersebut untuk memfasilitasi transaksi pembayaran langsung, adalah untuk melindungi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) dari praktik perdagangan yang tidak adil sekaligus meningkatkan keamanan dan transparansi. Dengan menggunakan statue approach dan conseptual approach, metodologi penelitian hukum normatif digunakan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Facebook Shop dan Instagram Shop telah mematuhi regulasi dengan menghapus fitur belanja langsung dan mengarahkan pengguna ke situs resmi untuk menyelesaikan transaksi. Sebaliknya, TikTok Shop mengalami penutupan sementara, kemudian membuka kembali fitur social commerce-nya sehingga mengakibatkan ketidakpatuhan terhadap aturan tersebut. Berdasarkan perspektif maslahah mursalah menunjukkan bahwa regulasi ini berupaya menciptakan keseimbangan dalam ekosistem perdagangan elektronik dan memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat luas. Diharapkan bahwa studi ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana regulasi tersebut telah memengaruhi pertumbuhan social commerce dan perlindungan UMKM di Indonesia, serta bagaimana regulasi tersebut berkontribusi pada kebijakan perdagangan sosial yang lebih berkelanjutan dan adil.
Tanggung Jawab Notaris dalam Perlindungan Data Pribadi Klien Berdasarkan UU No. 27 Tahun 2022 Tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi
Authors: Alifia Jasmine  , Benny Djaja  , Maman Sudirman
Published: December 2024

Dalam menjalankan kewenangannya sebagai pejabat pembuat akta autentik, seorang Notaris diwajibkan untuk menjalankan kewenangannya berdasarkan UUJN dan Kode Etik Notaris. Dalam praktik sehari-hari, Notaris sangat lekat dengan penggunaan data pribadi kliennya yang mana hal ini termuat dalam akta autentik maupun dokumen-dokumen lain yang dibuatnya. Hal tersebut tentunya membawa tanggung jawab tersendiri bagi Notaris untuk dapat menjaga kerahasiaan atas informasi dalam akta maupun dokumen yang ada padanya. Di Tengah masifnya penggunaan data pribadi, pemerintah pun mengundangkan UU PDP sebagai regulasi yang memberikan kepastian hukum bagi masyarakat maupun pihak-pihak terkait dalam menggunakan data pribadi. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai dampak UU PDP terhadap kewajiban Notaris serta tanggung jawab Notaris apabila terdapat kebocoran data klien dengan mengacu pada hukum nasional. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penulis, ditemukan bahwa diundangkannya UU PDP membawa dampak bagi Notaris yang mana dalam hal ini Notaris dikategorikan sebagai Pengendali Data Pribadi sehingga mengemban kewajiban serta tanggung jawab yang diamanatkan dalam UU PDP, selain menjalankan kewajiban yang diatur dalam UUJN. Selain itu, dengan mengacu pada prinsip tanggung jawab liability based on fault dan strict liability, maka Notaris bertanggung jawab apabila terjadi kebocoran data klien dalam Protokol Notaris.
Financiamento federal em contexto de restrição de recursos: como coordenar instrumentos que montam a 4,5% do produto interno bruto brasileiro em 2021
Authors: Monteiro Neto Aristides
Published: December 2024

O artigo investiga quatro fontes de financiamento do investimento federal para atividades produtivas e infraestrutura no país. Ao fazê-lo, põe foco, de um lado, na alocação governamental por recursos em atividades produtivas alavancadoras do crescimento econômico e, de outro lado, no perfil regional de distribuição dos recursos alocados. Mostra a existência de forte desalinhamento e fragilidade de mecanismos de coordenação entre o emprego de recursos e as políticas públicas destinadas à modernização tecnológica, à renovação industrial e à redução das disparidades regionais.
Transparência regional nos investimentos federais: o papel da plataforma Infere
Authors: Santos Alexandre Silva dos , Cruz Bruno de Oliveira , Zackseski Nelson
Published: December 2024

As informações oficiais sobre o investimento federal apresentam baixo grau de regionalização. Na série de 2001 a 2020, da execução financeira do Sistema Integrado de Administração Financeira (Siafi), apenas 45% dos valores do investimento dos orçamentos fiscal e da seguridade social estão com uma destinação explícita de Unidade Federativa (UF) ou macrorregião. A Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF/1988) estabelece, entre os objetivos fundamentais da República, a redução das desigualdades sociais e regionais (art. 3o , inciso III). Ademais, o art. 165 da CF/1988 e o capítulo sobre o processo orçamentário estabelecem a necessidade de se obterem dados regionalizados do orçamento e da execução, em especial aqueles de capital. De modo a ampliar a transparência nos dados orçamentários, a Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas Regionais, Urbanas e Ambientais do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Dirur/Ipea) lançou a plataforma Investimentos Federais Regionalizados (Infere), que se apoia na experiência acumulada por trabalhos anteriores, permitindo a regionalização dos dados. A Infere consiste em um visualizador para essa base com precisão muito mais elevada (85% na média) que os dados originais (oficiais). O painel, desenvolvido em Power BI, traz transparência, facilidade de navegação e possibilidade de diversos cruzamentos que auxiliaram tanto formuladores de políticas, auditores de controle, sociedade civil e população em geral a conhecer a destinação dos investimentos federais.
Importações agropecuárias brasileiras: mudança de grupos de produtos de 1989 a 2022
Authors: Freitas Rogério Edivaldo
Published: December 2024

Este estudo observa o crescimento relativo de grupos de produtos agropecuários no total de gastos com bens importados deste setor nas últimas três décadas. Merece destaque o crescimento relativo dos seguintes grupos: cereais; cacau e preparações; preparações de cereais; preparações de hortícolas; preparações alimentícias; bebidas e vinagres; e resíduos de indústrias alimentares. Conquanto se reconheça o aumento da participação da oferta nacional na disponibilidade interna de alimentos, argumenta-se que a incidência de importações de bens agropecuários complementares à oferta local pode ser funcional e adjuvante para a regularização da oferta interna de produtos alimentícios. Neste sentido, possíveis ofertantes globais de alimentos relevantes e suas eventuais limitações são também discutidos no texto.
Eventos climáticos e vulnerabilidade social: uma investigação sobre a recente inundação na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre sob o olhar do índice de vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Costa Marco Aurélio , Effgen Julia Frederica , Freitas Sávio Nunes de , Teixeira Laura Cristina Melo , Funari Armando Palermo
Published: December 2024

O artigo analisa os efeitos do evento climático ocorrido entre abril e maio de 2024 no Rio Grande do Sul, em especial a inundação gradual ocorrida na região metropolitana (RM) de Porto Alegre, para investigar, a partir do uso do Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social (IVS) e de seus subíndices, a relação entre a vulnerabilidade social e o risco de afetação dos domicílios e de seus moradores pelo evento. Em convergência com a literatura sobre essa temática e crises sanitárias, o artigo verifica a hipótese segundo a qual domicílios em territórios de maior vulnerabilidade social tendem a ser proporcionalmente mais afetados por eventos climáticos. No caso da RM de Porto Alegre, as evidências confirmam essa hipótese e chamam atenção para a necessidade de se desenvolverem políticas públicas para esses territórios social e ambientalmente mais vulneráveis.
O Fundo estadual de recursos hídricos do Rio Grande do Sul como instrumento de suporte financeiro para a prevenção de eventos hidrometeorológicos críticos no estado
Authors: Garrido Cristiane Santos , Jesus Filho Antenor Lopes de
Published: December 2024

Os Fundos Estaduais de Recursos Hídricos (FERHs) são instrumentos de suporte financeiro à execução das Políticas Estaduais de Recursos Hídricos, podendo ser caracterizados como um conjunto de receitas vinculadas à realização de objetivos específicos. Entre esses objetivos, estão as atividades relacionadas à prevenção de eventos hidrometeorológicos críticos, como, por exemplo, o adequado funcionamento das plataformas de coleta e transmissão de dados hidrológicos, bem como a disponibilização dessas informações às instituições oficiais competentes. Assim, o propósito deste trabalho é mostrar que o Fundo de Investimento em Recursos Hídricos do Rio Grande do Sul é um instrumento de suporte financeiro bastante útil para a prevenção de eventos hidrológicos críticos no estado, visto que ele possui fontes de receitas como a Compensação Financeira pela Utilização dos Recursos Hídricos para Fins de Geração de Energia Elétrica, que, ao longo dos últimos dez anos, injetou cerca de R$ 327 milhões nos cofres do fundo. Porém, conforme relatado pelos gestores dos fundos, grande parte dos recursos são contingenciados pelos governos estaduais.
Climate change and agrifood production: a problem to be tackled by developed and developing countries
Authors: Nonnenberg, Marcelo José Braga , Martins Michelle Márcia Viana , Silva Fernanda Aparecida , Bispo Scarlett Queen Almeida , Cechin Alicia , Bonilla Elena , Carneiro Flavio Lyrio , Helfand Steven , Santos Francisco Eduardo de Luna e Almeida
Published: December 2024

The substantial increase in greenhouse gas emissions in recent decades has led to a significant rise in global warming and climate change. In response, governments have introduced policies, including environmental trade regulations, to promote sustainable supply chains. These measures unevenly impact countries, with developing nations facing more significant challenges due to their reliance on primary and agribusiness sectors. Large farms and firms in agrifood chains can often comply with these regulations. However, small and medium producers need help with the financial and technical burdens, risking exclusion from global markets, environmental damage, and reduced productivity and income. Addressing these issues is essential for adapting to and mitigating climate change, enhancing agrifood sustainability, reducing rural poverty, and improving food security in developing countries. This paper proposes immediate G20 actions for South America, such as financing research and extension institutions to develop sustainable agricultural practices for small producers and creating regional programs to encourage forest conservation and low-carbon agriculture. Wealthy countries should fund these initiatives, as they are the ones that impose the strictest environmental measures on international trade.
Aprimoramento de indicadores sociais: Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano simplificado e ajustado para comunidades indígenas
Authors: Ferreira Mariana Recalde , Nunes Junior Orivaldo
Published: December 2024

Este artigo discute a importância do Grupo dos Vinte (G20) na resolução de desafios globais, com foco na justiça social, na crise climática e nas comunidades indígenas. Propõe-se a criação de um Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano simplificado que passe a ser utilizado em escala global (G20) para comunidades indígenas não urbanas, considerando suas particularidades e sua relevância na captura de carbono. Destaca-se a necessidade de políticas públicas sensíveis e inclusivas. O G20 é fundamental para orientar políticas econômicas globais menos desigualitárias e ambientalmente nocivas, contribuindo para o fim da crise climática e a justiça social.
Strengthening international mutual learning in food and nutritional security: the role of Brazil’s G20 presidency
Authors: Constantine Jennifer , Pomeroy Melissa , Shankland Alex , Waisbich Laura Trajber
Published: December 2024

The Global Alliance against hunger and poverty launched by Brazil’s Group of Twenty (G20) Presidency builds on a long history of G20 efforts to address global food and nutritional insecurity. However, unlike previous initiatives, which focused primarily on the G20’s contribution to addressing hunger in low-income countries, the Global Alliance has the potential to innovate significantly, strengthening mutual learning for domestic policy action within G20 countries, while enhancing North-South, South-South (SSC) and Trilateral Development Cooperation (TDC). Hunger and poverty are not limited to lower-income countries. Severe food insecurity increased in every region in 2021, including in high-income areas and across all G20 countries. With reference to the experience of the United Kingdom, we argue that given the universal framing of the Sustainable Development Goals, the fact that the world is currently off track to achieve the goal of Zero Hunger should encourage G20 countries to support multilateral action at the global level while intensifying policy learning to support their own domestic efforts to tackle these challenges. In recent decades, TDC and SSC enabled many Global South countries including Brazil to engage in knowledge-sharing around effective policies to tackle hunger and poverty. We draw on two examples that build on Brazil’s experience with strong civil society and academia engagement; and propose a strategy for enhancing TDC’s potential to foster mutual learning on hunger and poverty reduction among G20 countries, as well as action by G20 members to support other countries and strengthen United Nations (UN) led multilateral efforts. We also discuss risks and opportunities for the Alliance to support scaling up local and national innovations to address entrenched and intersecting inequalities.
Optimizing breakdown voltage in rod-plane gaps with barrier design for positive DC voltage: an experimental study
Authors: Khechekhouche Ali , Talal Guia , M’hamdi Benalia
Published: December 2024

Traditional air insulation in high-voltage equipment becomes bulky for high voltage withstand. The research so far conducted is related to electrode shape optimization, without fully exploiting the potential of strategically placed dielectric barriers. This paper introduces a new concept toward miniaturized high-voltage equipment by proposing glass barriers within rod-gap electrodes insulated with air and subjected to positive DC voltage. Barrier thickness and its positioning with regard to withstand characteristics are studied in order to optimize the design of such equipment. Three regimes of barrier thickness have been studied, and how that influences breakdown voltage and path type is presented. It was seen that with increasing barrier thickness, breakdown voltage improves more considerably. Interestingly, while the vertical position influences the breakdown path type, breakdown voltages remain similar for different paths at the same location. This paper, therefore, reveals that strategically placed glass barriers can enhance the dielectric strength of air-insulated systems. The present study leads to the optimization of the thickness and placement of barriers in future work by understanding the interplay with breakdown path to maximize the dielectric strength in miniaturized high-voltage equipment.
Green manufacturing electrical network scheduling using Slime Mould and Interior search algorithms
Authors: Dekhici Latifa , Guerraiche Khaled , Belmabrouk Karima
Published: December 2024

The strategic reduction of power consumption in electrical machines, particularly within manufacturing networks, is critical for achieving energy efficiency and sustainability. Bio-inspired algorithms have demonstrated remarkable potential for optimization, with their adaptability to specific problem domains being a key factor in their success. This study employs discrete optimization algorithms tailored for scheduling in an electrical manufacturing network modeled as a hybrid flow shop, where energy efficiency is paramount. Experimental evaluations were conducted on a customized hybrid flow shop benchmark comprising approximately 45 cases and 900 instances, utilizing a random distribution of hourly energy consumption and a specific tariff structure for monthly usage. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed discretized metaheuristics in significantly reducing power consumption costs while maintaining a minimized total makespan. This work highlights the potential of bio-inspired algorithms for green hybrid flow shop scheduling within electrical networks, contributing to enhanced operational efficiency, sustainability, and energy conservation in modern manufacturing environments.
The First Biography of Laurence Sterne: A Correction
Authors: NEWBOULD MARY
Published: December 2024

Dr John Hill is considered to have produced the first biography of Sterne, printed in a magazine in early 1760. This Note re-examines the provenance of this piece and the role it has played in accounts of Sterne’s early reception. In doing so, it encourages a reassessment of the wider significance of newspapers and magazines in constructing that reception history.
Gin Lane
in Lockdown: Cold War Steve’s Hogarth
Authors: BARR REBECCA ANNE
Published: December 2024

British satirist Christopher Spencer, aka Cold War Steve, is renowned for his surreal satirical photomontages in which historical artworks form the backdrops for contemporary British notables in grotesque situations. Contemporary critics have frequently compared Cold War Steve to the eighteenth-century British satirist and engraver, William Hogarth. This article probes the visual and moral parallels between the two artists, showing that, despite repeated invocations, Hogarth only becomes a salient intermedial presence at the beginning of the Covid pandemic. Focusing on images from 2020 to 2021 that explicitly use Hogarth as source media, this article argues that Spencer’s remediations appropriate and overwrite eighteenth-century didacticism, drawing attention to the mediatedness of history and culture. Reading Hogarth as a source enhances interpretive readings of Cold War Steve, reflecting the increased cultural importance of the Enlightenment in understanding the present. The article shows how Hogarth continues to provide an influential visual grammar and moral register for visual satire in the post-pandemic age, even as contemporary artists challenge and contest his work.
‘twil have company’: A Newly Identified Copy of Sterne’s
A Political Romance
(1759)
Authors: REED DANIEL
Published: December 2024

This note identifies a previously unknown copy of Sterne’s
A Political Romance
(1759), the first such discovery in over fifty years. It traces the provenance of this copy to Sterne’s relationship with the Egerton family and more particularly to Henry Egerton (1729–95), or ‘Henry the great’ as Sterne dubbed him. This reinforces the case for placing Egerton among Sterne’s learned and most trusted friends in the vicinity of York at the very outset of his literary career.
Business model innovation and SMEs’ resilience: technological roadmap in Nigeria
Authors: Alake Oluwakemi R. , Adegbuyi Omotayo , Babajide Abiola A. , Salau Odunayo P. , Onayemi Oluwakemi O. , Joel Opeyemi O. , Adesanya Oluwatoyin D.
Published: December 2024

Business sustainability is a factor that businesses, especially SMEs, are giving more and more thought to. Businesses are now looking for methods to integrate sustainable practices into their operations while keeping their business models intact as a result. This study primarily looks at how technology might improve company resilience in order to investigate the connection between SMEs’ business models and their pursuit of sustainability. To enable the study’s main goals be achieved, three hypotheses were developed. The study’s goal was explained using the Resource Based View Theory, Dynamic Capability Theory, and Institutional Theory. By combining purposive and convenience random selection approaches, the researchers performed a field survey of 420 SME operators in Nigeria in order to meet this goal. Smart PLS 3.0 was utilized in the study to evaluate the information gathered. Specifically, they assessed the extent and strength of the correlations between these constructs using path coefficients, t-statistics, R-square values, and p-values. According to the study, technology competence moderates the association between business model innovation and businesses’ resilience, indicating that by utilizing technological skills, business model innovation’s beneficial effects on a firm’s resilience may be amplified. The technology acceptance concept, which contends that adopting new technology may enhance organizational performance, is supported by this research. As SMEs frequently deal with budget limitations and technology difficulties, the study’s findings have significant significance for them. SMEs may be better positioned to survive upheavals and develop resilience by adopting new business strategies and utilizing technical skills. The study discovered that in order to increase their resilience, SMEs must actively adapt to fast-paced and competitive environments using their internal strengths. This indicates that SMEs must assess the value of innovation models in relation to their specific line of business. The study emphasizes the significance of the network interaction between technological innovation, business model innovation, and SMEs’ resilience. The capacity to use technology, which is essential for boosting SMEs’ resilience, strengthens this link. In summary, this study offers a current road map for technical development in the context of novel business models and the resilience of SMEs in Nigeria. This study offers helpful insights for SMEs looking to improve their business models and increase their sustainability in the face of shifting economic and environmental conditions by examining the connections between business model innovation, SMEs’ resilience, and technology.
Innovative soliton solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional generalized KdV equation using two effective approaches
Authors: Alraddadi Ibrahim , Alsharif Faisal , Malik Sandeep , Ahmad Hijaz , Radwan Taha , Ahmed Karim K.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we analyze and provide innovative soliton solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Korteweg-de Vries (gKdV) problem. We obtain phase shifts and dispersion relations by using the generalized Arnous technique and the Riccati equation approach, thus allowing different soliton solutions to be developed. Several precise solutions with special structural properties, including kink and solitary soliton solutions, are included in our study. This detailed examination demonstrates the complex behavior of the model and its capability to explain a large scale of nonlinear wave occurrences in many physical settings. Thus, in scientific domains such as fluid mechanics, plasma physics, and wave propagation in media ranging from ocean surfaces to optical fibers, our results are crucial to comprehend the principles behind the production and propagation of many complicated phenomena. Finally, we provide 2D and 3D graphs for various solutions that have been obtained using Maple.
Explicit solutions of nonlocal reverse-time Hirota-Maxwell-Bloch system
Authors: Myrzakulova Zh. , Zakariyeva Z. , Suleimenov K. , Uralbekova U. , Yesmakhanova K.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we investigate the nonlocal reverse-time Hirota-Maxwell-Bloch system, focusing on its soliton solutions using the Darboux transformation method. By deriving the Darboux transformation for this system, we obtained explicit expressions for the new potentials $ q', p' $, and $ \eta' $ in both the defocusing ($ \kappa = 1 $) and focusing ($ \kappa = -1 $) cases. Our analysis reveals significant differences in soliton behavior depending on the value of $ \kappa $, with the defocusing case producing wide, smooth solitons and the focusing case yielding narrow, highly localized solitons. These results provide a deeper understanding of soliton dynamics in nonlocal integrable systems and lay the groundwork for future studies on the influence of nonlocality in integrable models.
On nonlinear fractional Hahn integrodifference equations via nonlocal fractional Hahn integral boundary conditions
Authors: Patanarapeelert Nichaphat , Reunsumrit Jiraporn , Sitthiwirattham Thanin
Published: December 2024

All authors Fractional Hahn differences and fractional Hahn integrals have various applications in fields where discrete fractional calculus plays a significant role, such as in discrete biological modeling and signal processing to handle systems with memory effects. In this study, the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a Riemann-Liouville fractional Hahn integrodifference equation with nonlocal fractional Hahn integral boundary conditions are investigated. To establish these results, we apply the Banach and Schauder fixed-point theorems. Furthermore, the Hyers-Ulam stability of solutions is studied.
Développer la pensée informatique à travers la conception de jeux vidéo éducatifs. Educational Game & Play Design Project: élaboration de la méthode
Authors: Le Du Jérémy , Alvarez Julian , Schmitt Daniel
Published: December 2024

La place des jeux vidéo dans les loisirs quotidiens des enfants s’accroît. Leur utilisation en tant que support pédagogique semble un bon moyen de lutter contre la baisse de motivation observée chez les élèves comme la perte de sens dans les apprentissages. L’approche constructionniste proposée par Papert vise à explorer la création de jeux vidéo par les apprenants. Plusieurs études ont montré qu’elle s’associait à un développement de la pensée informatique. Une récente méta-analyse tempère pourtant ces conclusions du fait d’une carence de preuves quantitatives associées (Denner et al., 2019). Cet article se propose d’identifier les façons optimales d’intégrer les activités de conception de jeux vidéo à l’école en France en vue de développer la pensée informatique. À partir d’une analyse de la littérature et d’une phase de test réalisée au sein d’un groupe de 50 élèves, un programme de recherche expérimental a été mis au point : le « Educational Game & Play Design Project ». Il a été proposé à des dizaines d’écoles françaises à partir de la rentrée scolaire 2022. Son objectif est de permettre aux élèves participants de renforcer leurs compétences du xxie siècle, pensée informatique en tête.
Conceptualising Information Production in the Context of the SDHSS Ontology Ecosystem
Authors: Beretta Francesco
Published: December 2024

Dans cet article, nous mettons au défi le programme promu par le Projet « Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences » (SDHSS) visant la création d'un graphe géant d’information à partir de données de recherche réutilisables en provenance de multiples projets et plateformes, graphe basé sur les technologies du Web sémantique et sur une conceptualisation collaborative en l’espèce d'un écosystème d'ontologies interopérables et réutilisables. Trois questions principales sont abordées : la difficulté de proposer une ontologie interdisciplinaire pour les sciences humaines et sociales, compte tenu des différents agendas de recherche et des différentes approches constructivistes. La difficulté de relier entre eux les objets dans les différents systèmes d'information, en raison des différentes notions d'identité. Le défi de traiter l'incertitude, les incohérences et les contradictions dans les sources d'information, lorsque l'objectif est de produire de l’information « factuelle ». Je propose d'abord une analyse épistémologique de l'information, distincte des données et des connaissances. Je développe ensuite une conceptualisation de l'information en sciences humaines et sociales, basée sur la méthodologie OntoClean et les ontologies fondationnelles DOLCE et Descriptions et Situations, en montrant comment elle peut fonder un écosystème d’ontologies transdisciplinaires basé sur le CRM CIDOC et son intégration SDHSS. Pour finir, j'applique ces principes à une analyse détaillée du processus de production de l'information et montre comment la conceptualisation proposée fournit des solutions aux trois défis en question.
Les Massūfa dans l’Ouest saharien au XIVe siècle, une souveraineté transsaharienne
Authors: Collet Hadrien
Published: December 2024

L’Afrique de l’Ouest présente au xive siècle un paysage politique stable constitué de grands sultanats. Toutefois, entre l’Afrique du Nord et le Sahel, l’espace saharien continue d’être considéré comme un espace dépourvu d’organisations politiques dignes de ce nom et les pouvoirs nomades sont encore loin d’être appréhendés comme des autorités légitimes sur leurs propres territoires. En prenant l’exemple du principal groupe de l’Ouest saharien au xive siècle, les Massūfa, dont les hommes portaient le liṯām, voile cachant le visage, cet article propose une lecture historique et politique de leur territoire transsaharien. Une discussion critique des préjudices historiographiques vis-à-vis des nomades sahariens et de leur espace accompagne également la réflexion.
50 años de la sanción de la Ley de Contrato de Trabajo en Argentina
Authors: Terragno María Martha
Published: December 2024

El 11 de septiembre de 2024 se cumplieron en Argentina 50 años de la sanción de la Ley de Contrato de Trabajo. Dicha ley nro. 20744 sancionada en el año 1974 constituye un cuerpo normativo que sistematizó la legislación del trabajo, prescribiendo un régimen notable para las relaciones laborales en Argentina.
Evaluación de la cultura de seguridad a partir del enfoque sistémico en dos hospitales publicos de Bolivia
Authors: Oña Jose Nelson Chavez
Published: December 2024

Una cultura de seguridad es un conjunto de valores, creencias, actitudes, normas y comportamientos compartidos que afectan a la seguridad de las personas. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar la cultura de seguridad en los hospitales públicos en la ciudad de Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Se utilizó un enfoque de método mixto, mediante la aplicación de entrevistas y cuestionarios. Para la medición cuantitativa se utilizó el Cuestionario de Actitudes de Seguridad (SAQ). Los resultados mostraron fortalezas y debilidades en aspectos organizacionales de los hospitales estudiados. Se identificaron como fortalezas el ambiente en el lugar de trabajo y las relaciones entre trabajadores. El clima de seguridad y las condiciones de trabajo son debilidades en ambos hospitales. El liderazgo y la gestión, la comunicación, el reconocimiento de los esfuerzos de los empleados y los niveles de estrés se identificaron como áreas que requieren mejoras. El estudio concluyó que un enfoque sistémico podría conducir a una transformación cultural para mejorar las culturas de seguridad en este tipo de organizaciones.
Profesionalización de las prácticas de intervención y transmisión de conocimientos en el sector humanitario : retos y perspectivas para la gestión de riesgos
Authors: Lefay Galaad , Delgoulet Catherine , Therriault Pierre-Yves
Published: December 2024

En el sector humanitario, las operaciones están marcadas por retos organizativos relacionados con las crisis sobre el terreno y la expansión del sector. Para hacer frente a estos retos, el sector se ha profesionalizado cada vez más, armonizando y normalizando las prácticas y centrándose en la seguridad sobre el terreno y de sus trabajadores. Sin embargo, esta evolución plantea interrogantes sobre las repercusiones en la organización del trabajo y la transmisión de conocimientos esenciales para la gestión de riesgos. Este estudio cualitativo, realizado en África Occidental, puso de manifiesto una dicotomía entre las formas de transmisión de los conocimientos, destacando el predominio de la gestión de control. Esto favorece los métodos formales de transmisión en detrimento de los conocimientos informales, esenciales para la eficacia sobre el terreno. El estudio aboga por un enfoque más integrador, capaz de conciliar los imperativos del terreno con las directrices de las organizaciones no gubernamentales, a fin de mejorar la seguridad y la eficacia de las intervenciones.
La gestión de la seguridad en actividades altamente subcontratadas y de alto riesgo : estudios sobre la construcción en el Cono Sur de América Latina
Authors: Walter Jorge , Pucci Francisco
Published: December 2024

Una amplia bibliografía internacional ha abordado la problemática de la gestión del riesgo en las redes de subcontratación. Ella muestra que las empresas subcontratadas - de menor tamaño y sofisticación que las contratantes - tienen sistemáticamente indicadores más altos de frecuencia y gravedad de los accidentes que las empresas contratantes. Bibliografía más reciente ha puesto en cambio el énfasis en tendencias opuestas en cuanto al desarrollo de nueva legislación, sistemas y herramientas de gestión y al cambio en las prácticas, es decir, en las culturas de empresa y de relación entre las empresas. En esta ponencia retomaremos los resultados de dos investigaciones cualitativas (sobre percepciones de los diferentes actores involucrados en la regulación y la gestión de la seguridad), una de ellas realizada en la industria de la construcción uruguaya y la otra referida a la subcontratación de obras de construcción por parte de grandes empresas petroleras localizadas en Chile y Argentina.
Quand les politiques publiques s’attaquent à l’occupation genrée des espaces urbains
Authors: Archat Stéphanie
Published: December 2024

Cet article prend pour objet les marches exploratoires, un dispositif participatif non mixte qui vise à améliorer la présence des femmes dans les espaces urbains. À partir d’une enquête par entretiens et par observations, dans 16 villes françaises, il interroge la politisation des inégalités de genre permise au sein de ce dispositif. Il analyse d’abord l’inégale politisation de l’outil de la non-mixité et ses appropriations diverses par les agent·e·s public·que·s. Il souligne ensuite que l’occupation genrée des espaces publics et le harcèlement sont avant tout traités comme des problématiques d’aménagement, au détriment de causes plus structurelles des inégalités de genre. Enfin, il montre que la politisation des inégalités de genre dans l’espace public est articulée à des représentations différentialistes des sexes et ainsi que le dispositif participe à une certaine reproduction de l’ordre du genre.
Bruxelles, une « ville inclusive », mais pour qui ?
Authors: Donnen Alexandre
Published: December 2024

À travers une analyse intersectionnelle, cet article interroge la transformation de Bruxelles en « ville inclusive » pour les minorités sexuelles. Dans un contexte de compétition interurbaine, il montre que la mise en œuvre de la « ville inclusive » trouve un écho dans les nouveaux enjeux posés par la transformation de la gestion urbaine : développement économique et touristique, image de marque, peuplement, attractivité, etc. Cette mise en œuvre génère dès lors une cohabitation entre des logiques de reconnaissance et d’instrumentalisation des minorités sexuelles. Dans ce cadre, les espaces queer constituent aujourd’hui des ressources pour le développement urbain des villes, y compris au sein de quartiers historiquement déclassés se situant a priori loin des imaginaires queer. Toutefois, la mise en œuvre de la « ville inclusive » produit des hiérarchies entre les groupes minorisés, selon qui est désigné comme producteur de valeur. Ainsi, l’article souligne comment cette mise en œuvre ne manque pas de construire des communautés « gagnantes » et « perdantes », inscrites dans des rapports de classe, de genre et de race.
“Da generalização que provêm todas as ideias falsas”: criminosos, cientistas e o discurso médico/jurídico sobre delinquência e punição na transição do século XIX para o século XX
Authors: Lemos Simões Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

Este artigo aborda alguns dos diferentes aspectos que deram significado às discussões médico/jurídicas no Brasil, no período que corresponde à transição do século XIX para o século XX, momento em que elementos teórico-práticos de um movimento de caráter científico com bases na Escola Positiva de Direito Criminal italiana se contrapõem ao Direito Clássico até então praticado no país. Para tanto, partimos de uma análise cultural que visa identificar no processo de modernização e urbanização por que passou a cidade de Porto Alegre/RS o ambiente propício à difusão da ciência médico-legal que, sob diferentes enfoques, buscou identificar, sistematizar e agir sobre a delinquência e os seus agentes. São utilizadas diferentes fontes, entre elas os processos criminais, conside- rados neste trabalho como sendo o principal local em que se busca a articulação entre práticas discursivas e não discursivas, a fim de constatarmos que, através do processo de institucionalização da ciência criminológica de caráter positivo, foi implementado um amplo esquema de perscrutação sobre o corpo físico e social no espaço urbano.
Inmigración médica, mercado terapéutico y disputas profesionales en Buenos Aires (fines del siglo XIX). Un estudio de caso
Authors: Vallejo Mauro
Published: December 2024

En las décadas finales del siglo XIX la medicina de la ciudad de Buenos Aires sufrió rápidas transformaciones, no solamente en lo relativo a los artefactos terapéuticos disponibles o la renovación de sus conocimientos científicos, sino también en lo referido a su composición interna y a su inscripción en una creciente lógica mercantil. Así, la masiva llegada de diplomados extranjeros y la consolidación de un circuito comercial de productos y servicios médicos, fueron dos de los factores que más significación tuvieron en ese momento de cambio. En este artículo se exploran esos elementos en base a un estudio de caso. Se examinan las labores realizadas en la ciudad entre 1889 y 1895 por un médico de origen español, que fundó institutos privados, editó publicaciones periódicas y mantuvo una relación conflictiva con sus colegas argentinos. El análisis de una variada documentación referida a aquel doctor foráneo permite echar luz sobre aspectos hasta ahora poco descritos del mundo de la salud rioplatense.
Escravidões e dinâmicas de mestiçagens em sociedades ibéricas na Idade Moderna (séculos XV–XVIII)
Authors: Freire Jonis
Published: December 2024

Resenha da obra: PÉREZ GARCÍA, Rafael M.; FERNÁNDEZ CHAVES, Manuel F.; PAIVA, Eduardo França (coord.). 2020. Tratas, esclavitudes y mestizajes: una historia conectada, siglos XV-XVIII. Sevilla, Editorial Universidad de Sevilla.
La frutilla entre los lectores ingleses de la Histórica Relación del Reyno de Chile de Alonso de Ovalle
Authors: Iommi Echeverría Virginia
Published: December 2024

Este artículo examina la descripción de la frutilla chilena hecha por el jesuita criollo Alonso de Ovalle (Santiago, 1601-Lima, 1651) en la Histórica relación del reino de Chile (Roma, 1646), contrastando su exposición con otros textos escritos por autores europeos durante los siglos XVI y XVII. A partir de un repertorio de referencias a la obra de Ovalle en impresos ingleses del siglo XVIII, se propone que las formas de traducción del pasaje sobre la frutilla influyeron en la consideración del fruto como un equivalente a la fresa, fruto familiar entonces para los europeos. Solo a partir de la difusión de la descripción de Amédée Frézier, publicada en 1716, la singularidad de la variedad chilena adquirió preponderancia en la comprensión europea del fruto, viéndose esto reflejado en la búsqueda de un término que la diferenciase de la fresa europea.
Workers and the Local Response to the Third Plague Pandemic in Iquique (Chile, 1900-1903)
Authors: Palma Patricia , Ragas José
Published: December 2024

By studying the Third Plague Pandemic in Iquique, Chile, this article aims to contribute to the recent trends of scholarship that emphasize the global scope and impact of historical pandemics in local contexts. It examines how the local population and especially saltpeter workers understood, contested, and even neglected the epidemic due to local tensions. Methodologically, this paper relies on an ample array of sources, with an emphasis on sociocultural artifacts produced by local residents, such as poetry, newspapers of the working class, and cartoons. We conclude that in Chile the epidemic that affected Iquique in May 1903 revealed the government’s inability to respond to epidemic outbreaks manifesting in areas far from Santiago, the capital city. In Iquique, the workers and lower classes responded massively, denying the epidemic. The popular sources reveal an anti-central government and anti-big capital sentiment that ultimately led Iquiqueños to perceive the plague as a hoax.
O personagem “Indiana Collor” e suas aventuras midiáticas
Authors: Esteves Leonardo
Published: December 2024

Ao vencer as eleições de 1989, Fernando Collor de Mello se deparou com um intervalo de cerca de três meses entre o resultado das urnas e o início de seu governo. Saudado como uma renovação política no jogo eleitoral, sua figura foi amplamente acompanhada pela imprensa no período em questão. É nas páginas do Jornal do Brasil que surge à época o apelido “Indiana Collor”, cunhado a partir do personagem cinematográfico Indiana Jones. Este trabalho pretende fazer uma análise histórica do apelido, contextualizando-o nas seguintes frentes de reflexão: a do candidato midiático, incorpo- rando características situadas entre o moderno e o pós-moderno; e a da própria formação do apelido. A hipótese é a de que “Indiana Collor” seria mais do que um apelido, mas um verdadeiro personagem, e que este poderia habilitar relações muito mais complexas do que as elaboradas pela imprensa. As fontes utilizadas são as matérias nos jornais da época, sobretudo o Jornal do Brasil, veículo que inventou “Indiana Collor” e o incorporou à cobertura do período anterior à posse de Collor de Mello.
Knowledge for Understanding Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Qidwai Minhaj A.
Published: December 2024

Knowledge is fundamental part of developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) related skills. By actively engaging in critical thinking, reflective practice, and inquisitive dialogue, individuals can deepen their comprehension of intricate concepts and navigate the complexities of the world of AI with adaptability and insight. The chapter explores both factual and conceptual knowledge with their impact on cognitive development as well as the elements of effective communication such as an astute observation of nonverbal signals and strategic questioning techniques that serve as a cornerstone for establishing meaningful connections. The barriers to making sound judgement are identified and the paramount importance of Wisdom with respect to communication is highlighted through the SECI model and 5S's framework. In essence, the cultivation of intellectual virtues, empathy and the refinement of active listening skills are essential for enhancing understanding, making informed decisions, and contributing meaningfully to the societal fabric and collective knowledge pool.
AI and Quality and Patient Safety
Authors: Asif Fozia , Qureshi Muhammad Fazal Hussain
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the profound impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on quality and patient safety in healthcare. It discusses the role of AI in enhancing the utility of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs), conducting virtual audits, improving healthcare delivery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), and identifying adverse events. Additionally, it examines the potential disadvantages of AI, including data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and the risk of over-reliance on AI systems.
AI Standards and Regulations
Authors: Ashraf Zahid Ali , Mustafa Nadeem
Published: December 2024

This chapter reviews AI standards and regulations, emphasizing the need for robust governance for ethical AI development. It covers ethical principles like fairness, transparency, accountability, and privacy, which underpin frameworks such as UNESCO's Recommendation on the Ethics of AI and IEEE's Ethically Aligned Design. The chapter highlights technical standards from organizations like ISO, IEC, and IEEE. It examines AI regulations in the EU, US, China, and other jurisdictions, discussing data protection, algorithmic fairness, transparency, safety, and liability. Sector-specific regulations in healthcare, finance, autonomous vehicles, and law enforcement are analyzed. The chapter addresses challenges in AI regulation, such as balancing innovation with risk mitigation, jurisdictional issues, and enforcement difficulties, and explores future trends like global AI governance convergence and the role of soft law and self-regulation. The importance of ongoing dialogue among stakeholders and continued research in AI governance is emphasized.
Employing Artificial Intelligence for Adjudication in Indian Courts
Authors: Tyagi Nidhi , Jha Radhey Shyam , Srinivasan S.
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence is touted as the fourth industrial revolution, which will change the way we live our lives. But to what extent can it change the way judicial systems work? The paper seeks to explore the scope of AI in adjudication and assess its plausibility in trial courts in India. The paper begins with a basic understanding of artificial intelligence and adjudication. It then explores the interplay of both with each other. A clear distinction has been made between AI-Adjudication and AI assisted adjudication. It is argued that AI assisted adjudication is a better alternative to AI-Adjudication. Some areas have been identified where AI can be successfully employed for adjudication in Indian Trial Courts. Issues and challenges for introducing AI in the system have then been implored, followed by suggestions and recommendations. In the end it is concluded that AI assisted adjudication must be adopted for efficient and timely adjudication in trial courts.
Effect of Starch-Based Adhesives in the Production of Plaster Casts from Industrial Waste
Authors: Thaoto Sawanyar , Kaiananthip Jirachaya , Trongsiriwat Nisalak
Published: December 2024

In this work, the waste gypsum from industry is repurposed to add value in the medical field by transforming it into Plaster cast. The waste gypsum or calcium sulfate dihydrate is heated to a temperature of 120 °C for three hours to obtain calcium sulfate hemihydrate or Plaster of Paris. Subsequently, it is mixed with water in a 1:1 ratio before embedded on gauze. To enhance the strength of the plaster cast, different types of starch-based adhesives are mixed with plaster solution to investigate their impact on shaping and the strength of the plaster. Three types of starch, including potato starch, tapioca starch, and cornstarch, are utilized. After testing the strength of plaster cast mixed with adhesive starch, it is found that with 5% potato starch, the plaster cast exhibits the highest strength among all variants. In addition, its result from SEM indicated that the potato starch was distributed and packed tightly onto gauze.