bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Life Cycle Models to Identify Monitoring Gaps for Central Valley Spring-Run Chinook Salmon
Authors: Cordoleani Flora , Satterthwaite William , Daniels Miles , Johnson Matthew
Published: December 2020

Life-cycle models (LCMs) provide a quantitative framework that allows evaluation of how management actions targeting specific life stages can have population-level effects on a species. LCMs are particularly useful for species such as salmon that are highly migratory and use multiple aquatic ecosystems throughout their life. LCMs are lacking for threatened Central Valley spring-run Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; CVSC), so the authors developed a CVSC LCM to describe the dynamics of Mill, Deer, and Butte creek CVSC populations. The authors propose a series of monitoring recommendations—such as the development of an enhanced juvenile-tracking monitoring program, and the implementation of juvenile-trapping efficiency methodology combined with genetic identification tools—to help fill highlighted data gaps.
Estuarine Habitat Use by White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)
Authors: Patton Oliver , Larwood Veronica , Young Matthew
Published: December 2020

White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), a species of concern in the San Francisco Estuary, is in relatively low abundance due to a variety of factors. Patton et al. sought identify the estuarine habitat used by White Sturgeon to aid in the conservation and management of the species locally and across its range. By seasonally sampled sub-adult and adult White Sturgeon in the central estuary using setlines across a habitat gradient representative of three primary structural elements, the authors found that the shallow open-water shoal and deep open-water channel habitats were consistently occupied by White Sturgeon in spring, summer, and fall across highly variable water quality conditions, whereas the shallow wetland channel habitat was essentially unoccupied. In summary, sub-adult and adult White Sturgeon inhabit estuaries in at least spring, summer, and fall and small, shallow wetland channels are relatively unoccupied.
Stress Sources In Preschool Teachers In The City Of Zagreb/Izvori stresa kod odgojitelja u Gradu Zagrebu
Authors: Kozjak Dragčević Sara , Opić Siniša
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates the sources of stress at work of kindergarten educators. Its aim is to explore various sources of stress in kindergartens in the City of Zagreb, as well as stress intensity regarding years of work and education group in which they have been working. The study involved 257 educators from Zagreb, aged 22 to 65. For research purposes, the Scale of Assessment of Stress at Work of the Educators was used. The scale describes situations the educators meet daily and asks them to estimate to what extent particular situation is stressful. The research has shown that the greatest intensity of stress in educators is caused by parent behaviour. Additionally, prolonged work experience reduces stress in certain situations. The research results contribute to a better understanding of the work of educators and specific sources of stress in their work environment. They should help in further development of recognition, prevention and solution measures.Key words: stress sources at work; stress in the educator; stress at the workplaceOvaj rad proučava izvore stresa na poslu odgojitelja u dječjem vrtiću. Cilj rada je istražiti različite izvore stresa u dječjim vrtićima na području Grada Zagreba te njihov intenzitet s obzirom na godine staža i odgojnu skupinu u kojoj trenutno rade. U ispitivanju je sudjelovalo 257 odgojitelja iz Zagreba u dobi od 22 do 65 godina. Za potrebe istraživanja korištena je Skala procjene stresa na poslu odgojitelja.  Skalom su opisane situacije s kojima se odgojitelji svakodnevno susreću te su morali procijeniti u kojoj je mjeri određena situacija stresna za njih. Istraživanje je pokazalo da najveći intenzitet stresa kod odgojitelja izazivaju ponašanja roditelja. Također, porastom radnog iskustva smanjuje se stres u određenim situacijama. Rezultati istraživanja pridonose boljem razumijevanju posla od odgojitelja i specifičnim izvorima stresa za njihovo radno okruženje. Oni pomažu u daljnjim mogućnostima razvoja mjera prepoznavanja, prevencije i rješenja. Ključne riječi: izvori stresa na poslu; stres kod odgojitelja; stres na radnom mjestu
The Importance of Lifelong Learning for the Development of Professional Competence of Educators
Authors: Kokanović Tihana
Published: December 2020

In order for an educator to develop into a competent individual and to continuously strengthen his professional identity, it is of great importance to work on all aspects of lifelong professional development. Since academic year 2009/2010, in the Republic of Croatia, educators have the opportunity to continue their education at university graduate studies in order to acquire and / or develop their competences, knowledge and skills necessary for development of professionalism. It is the responsibility of not just the individual, but a professional community, to enable development of the upbringing profession in all those areas crucial to the advancement of early and preschool education system. Formal education, in this sense, enables acquisition of competences needed to create educational policy within their own institutions. In order to evaluate in which areas and whether educators consider themselves competent, a self-assessment questionnaire for professional competences was developed. The aim of this research is to gain insight into how many educators consider themselves professionally competent for creating educational policy in the institution they work in. Furthermore, this research will examine whether there are differences in self-assessment of professional competences of educators-graduate students who are employed in preschool institutions and educators who completed undergraduate studies, also employed, and on what dimensions there is a correlation between their estimates.   Key words: professional competences; educators; upbringing profession; professional identity
INTEGRATION AND USE OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF SPATIAL AND ECONOMICS/BUSINESS SCIENCES
Authors: Tominc Polona , Paszto Vit , Bobek Samo , Sternad Zabukovšek Simona
Published: December 2020

This research arises from the importance of integration of knowledge of economics/business and spatial sciences for graduates who must think and act in interdisciplinary contexts. The systematic literature review revealed thatthis interdisciplinary field is richly present in original scientific research, and is undoubtedly topical and worthy of research efforts. Themain objective of this paper is to analyse important factors that contribute to the attitudes of students towards interdisciplinary knowledge, and factors that shape their intentions to use and integrate this knowledge in the future. The conceptual model formed was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Research results confirm the importance of integration of economics/business and spatial sciences’ knowledge, for graduates. As presented in the paper, results of the study have important implications for higher education institutions, reforming and updating their study programs, as well as for educators in the field of spatial sciences and economic/business sciences, in research and in education.
Creativity and Creation in Early Childhood and Preschool Education Curriculum
Authors: Jurčević Lozančić Anka , Tot Daria
Published: December 2020

A contemporary early childhood education curriculum is defined as a theoretical concept that is, in educational practice, constructed and co-constructed based on mutual learning, research, and participation of all participants in the educational process. This is why it is important to arrange different conditions for various activities that enable creative thinking and expression, in which children can participate. In this sense, creativity is not interpreted as a special part of curriculum, but a component of the overall educational process, which is pervasive in all segments of the curriculum. In educational practice, awareness of the values of creative expression in children is not sufficiently developed nor appropriately utilized in curriculum development, as the possibilities of its use have not been sufficiently explored. Therefore, this paper aims to contribute to the understanding and acknowledgement of children’s natural, innate creativity, which needs to be nurtured, encouraged, and developed as part of educational process, as well as to deeply consider organizational conditions and work of kindergarten teachers. Keywords:  child; curriculum; kindergarten teacher; constructivism and co-constructivism
Constructivist learning theory and logopedagogy in arts education
Authors: Drljača Miroslav D.
Published: December 2020

The research referenced in this paper falls into the categories of qualitative, empirical, non-experimental action research, as well as ethnographic and art-based research. The target population consists of students enrolled in senior years of primary school and students of general secondary schools (gymnasiums). The research sample included 425 primary school and gymnasium students, and the empirical research put emphasis on qualitative methods and data collection through systematic observation, interviews and content analysis of student art projects. Since arts education in school is inherently creative, it is marked by significant characteristics of constructivism. Classes of this kind seek to overcome the shortcomings of minimal hours through the benefits of collaborative learning, project-based learning (PBL), research-based learning (RBL) and action learning, as well as other methodological strategies. In order for students to take a stand towards their own learning and assume responsibility for it, they must recognise meaning in what they are learning and creating. This is why it is necessary to enrich the teaching methods currently used in arts education with the digital media accessible to students. In this paper, constructivism and logopedagogy are considered as particular approaches to learning and arts education. The findings of this empirical research show that arts education can be significantly improved and made more interesting for students by relying on logotherapeutic principles and logopedagogical methods. Key words: action research; arts education; extracurricular activities; project-based education; social networks
THE EFFECT OF USING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING UPON STUDENTS’ EMOTIONS TOWARDS LEARNING AND LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN THREE DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES
Authors: Jdaitawi Malek
Published: December 2020

In the past few years, teaching staff have been motivated to engage students in different communication forms. This quasi-experimental study presents the implementation of a problem-based learning (PBL) approach in the first year classroom environment to enhance the students’ skills of communication and to promote their positive learning emotions. The study was carried out involving students studying in health, engineering and science fields. They were categorized into two groups, namely experimental (90 students) and control group (90 students). The study period lasted 4 weeks, during which the module was taught to the 180 first year students in both groups. The findings revealed the learning approach significantly affected the students’ communication skills and their emotions concerning learning. Finally, conclusions were drawn from this study.
Ciljevi postignuća: konceptualni modeli i rezultati istraživanja ishoda
Authors: Durmić Azemina
Published: December 2020

Teorija ciljeva postignuća je jedna od vrlo značajnih teorija motivacije koja se u velikoj mjeri propituje u odgojno-obrazovnom sustavu. Ciljevi postignuća se najčešće odnose na razloge koji stoje u pozadini želje učenika za postignućem, ali predstavljaju i mišljenje učenika o standardima i kriterijima koji se uzimaju u razmatranje prilikom procjene uspjeha (Urdan, 1997). U tom smislu, učenik može biti vođen željom za osobnim razvojem i unapređenjem ili željom da se bude bolji od drugih. Tako su autori identificirali dvije vrste ciljeva postignuća. U prvom slučaju, riječ je o ciljevima usmjerenim na ovladavanje, a u drugom slučaju, riječ je o performativnim ciljevima. Ovo ujedno predstavlja i dihotomni model ciljeva postignuća. Cilj ovog rada jeste da se pregledom nekih istraživanja identificiraju konceptualni modeli ciljeva postignuća, te da se, shodno predstavljenom, stekne uvid u najčešće ishode s kojima su povezani različiti ciljevi postignuća. Teorijski i empirijski rezultati ukazuju da su se ciljevi postignuća razvijali od dihotomnog, trihotomnog konceptualnog modela, modela s četiri vrste ciljeva (2x2) do modela sa šest (3x2) vrsta ciljeva. U sklopu navedenih konceptualnih modela ciljevi usmjereni na ovladavanje sadrže najviše pozitivnih karakteristika i ishoda. Zaključak nastoji potcrtati važnost ciljeva usmjerenih ka ovladavanju uz potrebu za dubljim propitivanjem čimbenika koji vode ka usvajanju ovih ciljeva.   Ključne riječi: ciljevi usmjereni na ovladavanje; performativni ciljevi; pristup orijentacija; izbjegavanje orijentacija.
The Impact of Creative Teaching Approach on Reducing Boredom in Teaching Process
Authors: Radeljić Marijana , Selimović Hazim , Opić Siniša , Mulaosmanović Nermin , Selimović Zehrina
Published: December 2020

Creativity, as one of the key factors of success, should primarily be represented in educational institutions in all segments of life, ranging from pre-school to higher education institutions. Starting from the assumption that simple, monotonous and not interesting classes are one of the main obstacles to successful education of a student, in this paper we will explore the creative approach in teaching process in order to reduce boredom in classrooms. The sample consisted of 134 participants. There were 66 participants in the experimental and 68 participants in the control groups. The students in the experimental group were in the classrooms where the creative approach was used, while the students of the control group attended the classes in which the traditional approach of teaching was used. The research was conducted based on a designed research model. The instrument was distributed before applying the experimental model and after its application. The aim of this study was to examine whether the introduction of creativity into teaching process influences its efficiency, and at the same time reduces boredom. Analysis of the final measurement results showed that the level of students’ boredom in the experimental group was reduced comparing to the level of students’ boredom in the control group. What’s more, findings showed that the application of creative models within the teaching process had a positive effect on reducing boredom. Keywords: creativity, creative teacher, efficient / contemporary teaching process, boredom.
STEM Education Implementation at Early Age and Stakeholders’ Opinions: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Ceylan Remziye , Akçay Malçok Beyza
Published: December 2020

This study aims to observe and examine the implementation of STEM educationin early childhood and get opinions of teachers, parents and school administrators.The method of the study is the case study, one of the qualitative research methods.The data were collected with The Classroom Observation Protocol (COP) and Semi-Structured Interviews with parents, teachers and vice-principals. The study wasconducted in Turkey in a preschool education institution at a state university inIstanbul. This study was carried out with 15 children, two teachers, two vice-principalsand five parents. In the study, the data were described using the method of contentanalysis. During the STEM training, 39 out of 48 indicators were observed by using theClassroom Observation Protocol (COP). It was concluded that the STEM educationapplied contains the desired STEM education items, and STEM education mightbe appropriately incorporated in early childhood classrooms. As the results of theinterviews, it was concluded that parents did not have information about STEMeducation because they were not provided with enough information about it. Besides,teachers and vice-principals were satisfied with this training and they observedpositive changes in children as the result of the STEM education.Keywords: early age; engineering; mathematics; science; STEM; technology
Modern diets and features of the use of vitamin-mineral complexes
Authors:   Kharkiv national medical University, Vyhovskaya L.A.
Published: December 2020

Nutrition is necessary to maintain the life and health of a living organism, as well as the normal course of physiological processes of life activity. This article discusses the concept of vegetarianism and describes all types of vegetarian diets. Their influence on the woman’s body during pregnancy and during lactation and the development of the fetus is analyzed. Recommendations on the choice and use of vitamin-mineral complexes, in particular the drug Elevit Pronatal, are given. Key words: vegetarianism, vitamins, pregnancy, Elevit Pronatal.
Prophylaxis of genesial losses in І trimester taking into account vitamin D level
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Tkachenko Zh.S.
Published: December 2020

The objective: depression of frequency of not incubation at women from groups of high risk on a basis studying at them level 25OHD3, and also clinical-functional, immunologic and microbiological features, and also development and deployment of advanced algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Materials and methods. After the accounting of all criteria of including and switching off included in the main group 60 patients with risk of not incubation of pregnancy (discontinuing threat), the group of control was made by 30 women with physiological pregnancy. The complex of the conducted researches included clinical, laboratory, tool and statistical methods. Results. Use of the algorithm improved by us allows to warn pregnancy not incubation at women of group of high risk, and also to reduce the frequency of premature births (by 3,3%) and perinatal pathology (for 6,7%). At women with accompanying pathology of gastrointestinal tract and inflammatory processes of genesial system it is necessary to define level 25OHD3 at a pregravidale stage and during pregnancy. Conclusion. Use of advanced algorithm allows to reduce the frequency of genesial losses at women of group of high risk. Key words: genesial losses, diagnostics, prophylaxis, vitamin D.
Comparative analysis of the pregnancy, labour and condition of newborn twins with monochorionic type of placentation
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Tkachenko A.V.
Published: December 2020

The objective: to analyze the peculiarities of pregnancy, labour and condition of newborn twins with monochorionic type of placentation. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of pregnancy, labour and perinatal consequences in 110 cases in monochorionic twins pregnancies (MT) was conducted. The I group consisted of 92 patients who did have obstetric complications specific for multiple pregnancy during pregnancy; in group II 18 pregnant women with specific complications during multiple pregnancy were included. Additionaly, ultrasound fetometry, placentalography, doplerometry, cardiotocography were used. Results. Pregnancy with monochorionic twins is a risk factor for the development of pregnancy complications, and specific complications due to this type of placentation are extremely unfavorable in relation to perinatal outcomes. Even with pathogenetic treatment, there is a high risk of pregnancy loss, premature birth, and the development of pathology in newborns. Analysis of perinatal outcomes showed that in the absence of specific complications of MC type of placentation in 49.0% cases normotrophic children were born, according exceeds the percentage of patients whose children were born with hypotrophy varying severity - 51.0% respectively. In both subgroups pregnancies were characterized by high risk of abortion (61.4% and 67.1% respectively), preeclampsia various severity in 33.3% and 44.6%, gestational anemia in 43.4%, and 39.8%, premature birth, which occurred in 66.7% and 46.8% respectively. This explains the high incidence of operative delivery 44.4% and 52.1% respectively, while the incidence of planned abdominal delivery in subgroup 1b was 3.3 times higher than in subgroup 1a. Perinatal loss in patients with MC twins in subgroups were 4.4% and 5.3% respectively. Conclusion. Pregnancy and delivery of monochorionic twins with specific complications has a higher risk for fetus and newborn, which lead to higher rates of perinatal mortality and morbidity in this group of infants. So searching for effective methods of prevention and treatment of these complications is required. The results should be considered during making algorithm of diagnostic and preventive measures in multiple pregnancies. Key words: monochorionic twins, labour, perinatal consequences.
Laboratory evaluation of the etiology of pathological vaginal dischurge
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Burka O.A. , Tutchenko T.M. ,   SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv
Published: December 2020

Pathological vaginal discharge is one of the most common complaints in women of all ages. Today, gynecologists are increasingly faced with a problem when, in the absence of laboratory confirmation of vulvovaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis and STIs, women complain of discomfort caused by vaginal secretions. Causes of pathological vaginal discharge can be infectious and non-infectious processes and their combinations. The article analyzes the causes of the difficulties of diagnosing the of pathological vaginal discharge ethiology, demonstrates how the application of adequate volume of modern laboratory diagnostic methods in combination with understanding the multifaceted components of the inflammatory process plays crucial role in finding out the etiology of pathological vaginal secretions and the choice of optimal therapeutic tactics. Key words: pathological vaginal dischurge, vaginal microbiota, vulvovaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis, cytolytic vaginosis.
Reproductive health of married couple with urogenital infections in anamnesis (Literature review)
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Romanenko T.G. , Krotik O.M. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Mitina O.L. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the actual problem of reproductive health of married couple with urogenital infections in anamnesis.The review of modern research summarizes the theoretical and statistical data of recent years. It was considered the contemporary ideas about the etiopathogenesis of male and female infertility, namely the effects of transmitted urogenital infections on the occurrence of disorders in the female and male genitourinary systems. The attention is paid to the analysis of the complications of further planned pregnancy in the couple with the urogenital infections in anamnesis. Key words: reproductive health, urogenital infections, infertility, pregnancy, mixed infection, married couple, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
Fallopian tubes and ovarian cancer (Literature review)
Authors:   Medical Institute of Sumy State University, Sumtsov D.G. , Kusyomenska M.L. ,   Medical Institute of Sumy State University, Sumtsov G.A. ,   Medical Institute of Sumy State University
Published: December 2020

In the literature review the authors present an analysis of the current stateproblem of ovarian cancer and ways of its possible solution. According to clinicalobservations and conducted in recent decades by morphological,immunohistochemical and molecular genetic studies it is fairly proved that theprimary cause of serous ovarian cancer is the pathology of the mucous layer offallopian tube. In the fallopian tube as a result of ciculation of inflammation andcarcinogens elements arises dysplasia of the mucosa with the development of thepreinvasive and initial invasive carcinoma with subsequent damage of the ovariesand pelvic peritoneum. Retrospective studies of a significant number of women’shealth status who had a deligation or removal of fallopian tubes in previous years showed a decrease in the disease incidence of serous ovarian cancer from 30 to 90%. The conclusions about the possibility of preventive measures of ovariancancer by opportunistic salpingectomy at post-productive age are made. In many world countries (Canada, China, France, Italy, Austria) the introduction of such a method of prevention has been started. We believe that in Ukraine there is an urgent need and all possibilities to solve this problem. Key words: ovarian cancer, preventive measures, opportunistic salpingectomy.
The first experience of stapled intestinal anastomoses application in children in Ukraine
Authors:   Center of Neonatal Surgery of Congenital Malformations and its Rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Sliepov O. , Migur M. ,   Center of Neonatal Surgery of Congenital Malformations and its Rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ponomarenko O. ,   Center of Neonatal Surgery of Congenital Malformations and its Rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Gladyshko O. ,   Center of Neonatal Surgery of Congenital Malformations and its Rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Holopapa G. ,   Center of Neonatal Surgery of Congenital Malformations and its Rehabilitation SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Conducting reconstructive surgery in children, especially those with low body weight, associated with an increase in the operation time and a worsening of the postoperative period. Therefore, to reduce the operation time, surgical clinics in developed countries of the world use linear staplers for anastomoses in children, especially young children. Case report. A premature newborn, with a birth weight of 1420 g, was diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis, with ileal perforation and diffuse peritonitis. According to vital indications, the operation was performed: laparotomy, revision of the abdominal cavity, Mikulich enterostomy. After complete stabilization of the general condition of the child, upon reaching 2550 g of body weight, at the age of 2 months, enterostomy closure was performed with the imposition of a stapled side-to-side functional end-to-end ileoileostomy. In 14 days after the operation, the child achieved full enteral autonomy. There were no postoperative surgical complications. In the late postoperative period, the child gains weight well, grows and develops according to age. Conclusion. The use of linear staplers in time of enteroanastomoses creation can significantly reduce operation time in children, in particular, premature babies with low body weight. Level of evidence. Level V. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of an participating institution.The informed consent of the child’s parents was obtained from the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: linear staplers, enteroanastomosis, necrotizing enterocolitis, perforation of the small intestine, newborn premature baby.
Using prepucial mucous to cover neourethra in TIP urethroplasty: 4 years experience in a tertiary paediatric hospital of Bangladesh
Authors:   Dhaka shishu Hospital & Bangladesh institute of child health, Karim Sabbir , Talukder Monoarul Islam ,   ShSMC, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Parvin Sultana ,   ShSMC, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: December 2020

Background. Hypospadias has a wide spectrum of penile abnormality requiring surgical correction. Most of the cases are of anterior variety and the surgical technique depends on constructing a neo urethra. Snodgrass or Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP) urethroplasty is one of the most popular techniques of urethroplasty which depends on the existing healthy, adequate and intact urethral plate. Different tissues have been described to cover the neourethra as second layer in literature. In this study we modified the TIP urethroplasty by covering the neourethra with 2 layers of pedicled prepucial mucosa or Dartos flap. Objective. To see the outcome of modified Snodgrass or TIP urethroplasty in anterior mid and proximal penile hypospadias. Materials and method. Total 88 patients were operated by modified Snodgrass technique or modified TIP urethroplasty from January 2012 to July 2016. Coronal, subcoronal, distal penile, mid penile and proximal penile hypospadias were included in the study. Every patient underwent modified TIP urethroplasty and outcomes were assessed. Results. The mean age of the patients were 28.34±14.98 months, ranges from 6.5 to 65 months. 9 (10.2%) patients of our series develop urethrocutaneous fistula, 5 (5.68%) patients develop meatal stenosis and 1 (1.1%) patient developed neourethral stricture. Conclusion. TIP urethroplasty is a versatile method to correct penile hypospadias. Covering of the neourethra with prepucial mucosa secure the neourethral anastomosis. The author declares that there is no conflict of interest. Key words: Hypospadias, TIP urethroplasty, Prepucial mucosa.
Comparison of Real and Revelative Working Areas in Islamic Law
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: December 2020

One of the human potentials that is very valuable as well as distinguishes it from other creatures is reason. The messages of Allah, both expressed through the redaction of His revelation in the Koran and implied in His creation, can be revealed by reason, so that the purpose of law (Maqashid al-Sharia) contained in it can be known and manifested in life real. The use of reason in the area of legal work, let alone to determine or stipulate a law, became a long debate for Islamic thinkers after the Prophet Muhammad died. Even though they agree that the third source of Islamic law is reason (al-Ra'yu) but in their ijtihad the mujtahids use reason in different portions and methods. Some use it very large, and some are very small portions. In general, the jurisdiction can be distinguished in the form of at-Ta'abbud, namely the legal area which is the right of Allah (haqqullah) and at-Ta'aqqul, namely the legal area which is the right of Insan (haqqul Ibad / insan /) to think about it. In the latter area it is the authority of reason.
Fundamentos y proyecciones de la teoría de la ley natural contemporánea
Authors: Arancibia-Collao Fernando
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se hará una revisión de los aspectos más destacados de las teorías éticas iusnaturalistas recientes en la tradición analítica. Se expondrán los aspectos unitarios de dichas teorías y, posteriormente, se analizarán sus divergencias más esenciales, específicamente, las epistemológicas y ontológicas. Finalmente, se explorarán las posibilidades de desarrollo para las teorías iusnaturalistas y sus implicancias metaéticas, especialmente las relativas a la fundamentación metafísica y epistemológica de la ley natural.
Conocimiento y cumplimiento del cuidado de catéteres centrales en un Hospital Mexicano
Authors:   Universidad de Colima, Vázquez-Espinoza José Antonio , Alcaraz Moreno Noemí , Godínez Gómez Rubén
Published: December 2020

Introducción: El uso de catéteres intravasculares constituye una herramienta fundamental para el cuidado de los pacientes, mismos que han sido asociados a las bacteriemias nosocomiales entre un 15 y 30%. El objetivo de estudio fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento y cumplimiento del personal de enfermería respecto al protocolo de cuidados de accesos vasculares centrales. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional, que incluyó a 67 profesionales de enfermería que tuvieron a su cuidado pacientes con catéter venoso central. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron dos instrumentos diseñados a partir del protocolo de cuidados emitido por la Comisión Permanente de Enfermería. Resultados: Se encontró personal con antigüedad laboral promedio de 7.9 años. En conocimiento el 58.2% se ubicó en categoría Conoce, en contraste con el cumplimiento resultando el 91% del personal en categoría Cumple. No hubo correlación entre conocimiento y cumplimiento (rho = -0.181, p = 0.797). Discusión: El cumplimiento contrastó con el conocimiento, sin embargo, los enunciados para ambas variables se relacionaron con la falta de lavado de manos, dejar el tiempo adecuado de los antisépticos y la desinfección de lúmenes a la hora de la manipulación. Conclusiones: La falta de conocimiento y cumplimiento de elementos del protocolo se relacionan directamente con situaciones procedimentales que realiza el profesional de enfermería, por lo que la falta de material e insumos no son factores para no seguir la estandarización del cuidado.
Concordância entre dois instrumentos para avaliação do letramento em saúde
Authors: Cangussú Luana Resende , Alho Eduardo Antonio Sartori , Cardoso Felipe Esdras Lucas , Tenório Adirlene Pontes de Oliveira , Barbosa Romero Henrique de Almeida , Lopes Johnnatas Mikael , Lopes Matheus Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

Resumo Objetivo Determinar a concordância entre os instrumentos de mensuração short test of functional health literacy in adults (S-TOFHLA) e short assessment of health literacy for Portuguese-speaking adults (SAHLPA-18) como estratégia para estimar a validade concorrente. Métodos Estudo transversal, com usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para testar a validade concorrente, aplicou-se abordagem de concordância com teste de Kappa ponderado para dados qualitativos. Resultados Participaram 372 indivíduos, dos quais 66% e 62% não apresentaram nível de letramento adequado, segundo o SAHLPA-18 e o S-TOFHLA, respectivamente. Observou-se correlação forte entre os instrumentos (p<0,001; r=0,60); e a concordância de acertos encontrada, 65,3% (Kappa=0,35; p<0,001), foi considerada fraca. Conclusão Os instrumentos SAHLPA-18 e S-TOFHLA apresentam constructos diferentes e fraca concordância. É indicado o uso de diferentes instrumentos em pesquisas de mensuração do nível de letramento; e desenvolvimento de instrumentos específicos às condições de saúde que permitam obter resultado próximo ao real contexto dos indivíduos.
Influence of geometrical parameters on the splitting forces in textile-reinforced concrete
Authors: Preinstorfer Philipp , Kromoser Benjamin
Published: December 2020

Splitting forces due to bond action can lead to the premature failure of reinforced concrete structural components. In earlier research it was mentioned that it is mainly geometrical parameters that play a key role in the distribution and magnitude of the splitting forces in textile-reinforced concrete. However, so far no accurate geometrical characterisation of textile reinforcement has been performed which considers all the relevant properties of the material such as the regularly repeating variation in cross-sectional dimensions. In this paper, four geometrical parameters are introduced which permit a clear geometrical characterisation of fibre strands and allow for the comparison of different types of textile reinforcement. Furthermore, a broad parametric study was carried out for a pull-out test in which the parameters were varied, and the influence of these parameters on the splitting forces occurring in textile-reinforced concrete was visualised. Based on this parametric study, a mechanical model was established, which takes into account experimental data from previous research. This model allows for the calculation of the splitting forces occurring in textile-reinforced concrete when one short fibre strand is pulled out of the concrete.
Development of welded structure of 5-nozzle lance heads in converter shop of PJSC “Dneprovsky metallurgical combine”
Authors: Panteikov S. P.
Published: December 2020

For the upper blasting lances of 250-tons oxygen converters at PJSC «DMС» (Kamenskoe, Ukraine) the author has proposed a number of welded structures of 5-nozzle lance heads with increased resistance. A set of industrial studies of their operation made it possible to establish that the devices which provide cooling of the areas back from the nozzle zone of the tip have the highest resistance. Measures to increase the values of the average cooler speeds in welded structures of the lance heads and their rigidity also turned out to be quite effective. The transfer of copper welds holding the nozzle inserts in the copper tip from its outer surface to the inner proved to be ineffective from the point of increasing resistance of the lance head (the average resistance of the heads increased by only 7 heats – from 78 to 85 heats). This allows us to assert the need for complete elimination of copper welds in the head (both external, exposed to high-temperature and mechanical stresses, and internal) that hold nozzle inserts in the holes of the welded tip and lance head collector. Thus, in spite of all the measures taken to transfer the welds from the outer surface of the tip to its inner surface, to improve cooling of the tip and its back from the nozzle zones, which also include sections of copper welds around the nozzles, as well as to increase the rigidity of the blast welded structure heads, this led, although to positive, but still to relatively low results. The data obtained indicate that welds made of copper around the nozzle inserts, which are held by this in the tip (also in the collector) of the head, are the limiting link that does not significantly increase the resistance of welded lance heads, and it is urgently necessary to back off its use.
Analysis of pipe piercing on PRP 70-270 with FEM modeling
Authors: Orlov D. A. , Goncharuk A. V. , Kobelev O. A. , Komarnitskaya O. G. , Bunits N. S.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the piercing and rolling process of seamless pipes on PRP 70-270 of JSC “VMP” in terms of power parameters, piercing time and geometric sizes of pipes. The research results were compared with the results of computer simulation on software package QFORM 3D. For simulation, the deformation zones were designed for piercing a mold tube with dimensions of 203×16.5 mm in one pass on a mandrel with diameter of 162 mm and in two passes of piercing and rolling-off on mandrels with diameter of 76 and 162 mm, respectively. From the obtained data on the power parameters, it was found that from the point of view of energy consumption, piercing in one pass seems more appropriate. However, when piercing in one pass, wear resistance of the mandrels sharply decreases, since the contact time between the tool and the hot metal increases. This leads to a decrease in quality of the pipes’ inner surface, more frequent replacement of the tool and increased downtime of the equipment. During simulation, the selected parameter of the friction factor has a significant impact on the value of power parameters (torque and power consumption) and piercing time. The dependences of changing power parameters and piercing time on the friction factor during piercing in a two-roll mill with guards are obtained. With increase of the friction factor, piercing time decreases and torque and rolling power increase. The simulation results are correlated with results of experimental rolling. With a correctly chosen value of the friction factor, power parameters and geometry of the mold tube can be quite accurately predicted by computer modeling.
Hakkâri’de Nestûrî Patrikliğinin Son Dönemi (1876-1915)
Authors: KAPLAN Yaşar
Published: December 2020

Hakkâri bölgesinde Müslümanların yanı sıra önemli miktarda Hıristiyan Nestûrî nüfus yaşamıştır. Patriklik merkezinin XVII. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru Hakkâri’ye bağlı Koçanis (Konak) Mar Şalita Kilisesi’ne taşınmasından sonra Nestûrîlerin en önemli dini merkezi olmuştur. 1915 yılında Nestûrîlerin Türkiye sınırları dışına çıkmaya mecbur kalmalarına kadar üç yüz yıldan fazla bir süre boyunca Hakkâri bölgesindeki Koçanis Köyü, Nestûrîlerin dini merkezi olmaya devam etmiştir. Bu süre içerisinde Müslüman unsurlar ve Nestûrî unsurlar Batılı Misyonerlerin onları fark etmesine kadar genel olarak sorunsuz bir şekilde beraber yaşamışlardır. Bu çalışmada 1876 yılından 1915 yılına kadar geçen sürede Nestûrî Kilisesi patrikliği yapmış olan Mar Şem’un Ruel (Ruwel) (1861-1903), Mar Şem’un Benyamin (1903-1918) ve önemli Nestûrî simalarından biri olan Nemrud Efendi’nin (ö. 1915) faaliyetleri ele alınmıştır.
E-cigarette Use and Risk Behaviors among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adults: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Survey
Authors: Al Rifai Mahmoud , Mirbolouk Mohammadhassan , Jia Xiaoming , Nasir Khurram , Pickett June , Nambi Vijay , Ballantyne Christie , Merchant Anwar , Blaha Michael , Virani Salim
Published: December 2020

Introduction: We studied prevalence of e-cigarette use among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals and its association with risk behaviors.
Methods: Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, we assessed self-reported sexual orientation, e-cigarette use, cigarettes, marijuana, smokeless tobacco, and high-risk behavior (using non-prescribed drugs, treatment for sexually transmitted disease, or receiving monetary or drug compensation in exchange for sex in the previous year). We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models to study the association between LGBT and risk behaviors.
Results: Prevalence of e-cigarette use among LGBT adults was 13%, nearly twice that of heterosexual adults. LGBT were more likely [Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)] to report current use of e-cigarettes 1.84 (1.64,2.06), cigarettes 1.61 (1.49,1.73), marijuana 2.37 (1.99,2.82), and high-risk behavior 3.69 (3.40,4.01) compared to heterosexual adults. Results for smokeless tobacco were not significant.
Conclusion: There are disparities in e-cigarette and other risk behaviors among LGBT adults, which may increase risk of adverse health effects in this vulnerable population.
Digital Gangrene in Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Uslu Sadettin
Published: December 2020

N/A
Antigen Presentation Protocol v1
Authors: Fahmy Ahmed
Published: December 2020

This protocol details methods for 3-day Antigen Presentation Assay.
Leaf Protein Extraction for Immunoblot (Soybean, Cowpea, Tobacco) v2
Authors: J Burgess Steven
Published: December 2020

This protein extraction protocol was developed for analysis of protein abundance in leaf tissue by immunoblot. It was optimized for dicot species including Glycine max. Quantities - 450 µL protein extraction buffer (PEB) per three 13.4 mm diameter leaf disks (size #7 Humboldt Cork Borer) Note from Agrisera: Keeping sample volumes in a range of 0.2-0.5 mL has been found to contribute to better extraction results, an upscale in volume is not recommended, if no cork borer available the suggestion is 500 µL PEB per 100 mg of plant tissue. - Final volume ~400 µL - Expected yield: 1.5 - 6 µg / µL - Total yield: 6 - 24 mg protein - Amount of total soluble protein to load per lane 30 µg Note: when using the TissueLyser II it is recommended to use 2 mL centrifuge tubes in conjunction with 4mm beads. 1.5mL tubes are narrow at the end and samples will not grind properly if you use the 4mm beads.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOME DUAL-TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGIES IN REMOTE TEACHING OF MILITARY DISCIPLINES: ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Tolok I.V. , Zaitsev D.V. , Shvaliuchynskyi V.V.
Published: December 2020

The article reveals some remote technologies in teaching military training. The role of the introduction of distance learning in the system of training of reserve officers is determined. The main advantages and problems of development and implementation of distance technologies in the education of future reserve officers are listed. Distance learning is built according to the same purpose and content as face-to-face training, but the forms of material submission and the forms of interaction between the subjects of the educational process differ significantly. The didactic principles of distance learning (principles of scientific, systematic and systematic, activity, principles of developmental learning, clarity, differentiation and individualization of learning) are similar to face-to-face training, but their implementation is specific. The characteristic features of distance learning are defined, namely: interactivity of learning, flexibility of learning; modular principle in the relevant military specialty; individualization of training on the basis of an individual schedule; economics of distance learning; no problem with the acquisition of educational materials and textbooks; parallelism of distance learning; openness and objectivity of citizens' knowledge assessment; high self-organization of citizens. Some approaches to solving problems of introduction of distance education are defined: development of the concept of distance education in all sections of military training; further development and adaptation of the Military Institute's corporate network; development, placement of electronic textbooks and teaching materials on the website of the Military Institute and creation of a database of distance education; organization of interaction between all participants of the educational process; creation of a single corporate system of distance education and unified resources; organization of training and advanced training of teachers and technical staff in the field of information technology in distance education, taking into account the gradual transition in teaching, including the Tactical Training module, to NATO standards, etc.
O conceito de forma literária de Antonio Candido
Authors: Couto Elvis Paulo
Published: December 2020

O artigo busca esclarecer o conceito de forma literária de Antonio Candido. Para isso, dois textos ocuparão o centro da análise: o texto de teoria literária “Crítica e sociologia: tentativa de esclarecimento”, inserido em Literatura e sociedade, e o texto de crítica literária “Dialética da malandragem”, que faz parte do livro de ensaios O discurso e a cidade. Verificaremos em que medida a teoria e a crítica, quando confrontadas, podem iluminar as ideias que nortearam o raciocínio do crítico, que, tendo vivenciado a transição da antiga perspectiva historicista para a abordagem formalista do texto literário, traçou um caminho próprio. Mostraremos que Candido formulou uma noção de forma ou estrutura heterodoxa, que só pode ser desvendada ao ser comparada com as noções provenientes das correntes teóricas com as quais o autor estava familiarizado, como o naturalismo de Sílvio Romero, o hegelianismo do jovem Lukács, os formalismos e estruturalismos em geral, o marxismo e a antropologia social inglesa.
Sem título
Authors: Martins Costa Jéssica
Published: December 2020

Jéssica Martins Costa nasceu em Belo Horizonte em 1992. Graduada pela Faculdade de Letras da UFMG, é tradutora e revisora. Mora atualmente em João Pessoa.