bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical analysis of heat and mass transport under thermal radiations and dissipation for electrically conducting second-grade fluid
Authors: Alharbi Khalid Abdulkhaliq M. , Adnan  , Iqbal Muhammad Asad
Published: April 2023

This research deals with heat and mass transport in 2D, steady laminar unidirectional flow of second-grade fluid inside converging/diverging stretchable channel with no slip effects. The similarity equations were engaged for the model development and acquired a model in the form of a joint system of ODEs comprising the innovative effects of thermal radiations, magnetic field and dissipation function. Then, mathematical treatment of the model was done via HAM Package and the results were furnished under the inspiration of physical constraints. It is pointed out that the fluid moves quite slowly in diverging cases than that of converging ones under multiple Re values, whereas magnetic field effects are almost negligible for the velocity profile. The temperature of the fluid can be enlarged by increasing Ec and Pr and Rd is not proven good in this study. Further, as far as the mass transport is concerned, the dominant contribution of Sc is observed for both stretching/shrinking walls.
Understanding Plastic Bag Consumption and Management in Thailand: Integrating a KAP Model
Authors: Panyagometh Aweewan , Jirapornvaree Ittisak , Keeratiratanalak Angkana
Published: April 2023

Since January 1, 2020, Thailand has implemented a campaign to stop giving free single-use plastic bags in 75 major retail stores. This study aims to (1) understand the status quo and effectiveness of the plastic bag ban campaign by estimating the number of plastic bags used in Bangkok and Phuket (2) understand the consumers’ behavioural on plastic bag consumption and management by integrating a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) model (3) provide policy recommendation to strengthen the country plastic waste management roadmap. The results showed that the ban on plastic bag campaign is effective, especially in the supermarkets and convenience stores in Bangkok. The numbers of plastic bags used per visit at supermarkets and convenience stores are approximately 1.9 bags and 1.7 bags, respectively, whereas the plastic bags used at fresh markets, restaurants, and food delivery services are, on average, up to 3.7, 3.1, and 2.8 bags per visit, respectively. On average, people in Bangkok use approximately 1.2 bags/person/day, while only 0.7 bags/person/day are used in Phuket. According to the KAP model, attitude is more crucial than knowledge towards pro-environmental behaviour. Bangkok residents’ trend to show more pro-environmental behaviour than Phuket residents. For policy implication, it is important to continuously communicate the environmental impact of plastics and emphasise the proper knowledge and attitudes toward plastic bags among people to encourage their cooperative behaviours in reducing the use of plastic bags and sorting waste for recycling.
THE ECONOMIC POLICY UNCERTAINTY EXTREME DYNAMICS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE EXCHANGE RATE
Authors: GOHAR RAHEEL , OSMAN MOHAMED , UCHE EMMANUEL , AUXILIA P. A. MARY , CHANG BISHARAT HUSSAIN
Published: April 2023

The effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on other macroeconomic and financial variables has been the subject of prior research investigations. However, a dearth of work explicitly examines the connection between EPU exchange rate changes. By utilizing both nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) and multiple threshold NARDL (MTNARDL) models, we add to the body of literature by analyzing the nonlinear impact of EPU on exchange rates. The MTNARDL model, which distinguishes between the impacts of very small changes in the EPU from very large changes in the EPU on the exchange rate, is an expanded version of the NARDL model. The MTNARDL results confirm an asymmetric effect of EPU on exchange rates in the long run for all sample countries, contrary to the NARDL estimates, which show that EPU has an asymmetric effect in Brazil, Turkey, and China only. Similarly, only one country is supported by NARDL estimates for the short-run asymmetric effect, but MTNARDL estimates support the effect in five countries. Therefore, in our study, the MTNARDL model aids the prior literature in examining the more comprehensive impact of EPU on the exchange rates.
First record of
Rhaphidopteris
(Gymnospermae) from the Lower Jurassic of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, NW China
Authors: Yang Xiao-Ju
Published: April 2023

Newly discovered foliage of
Rhaphidopteri
s
zhouii
sp. nov. from the Lower Jurassic Sangonghe Formation at the Haojiagou section in the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang, northwestern China, is investigated based on morphological characters and cuticular structure. The new species has anisotomically divided leaves and linear ultimate segments with a single vein; amphistomatic cuticle, with epidermal cells that are similar both on the upper and lower surfaces but more regular on the upper surface; stomata that are distributed densely on the lower cuticle and sparsely and confined to two bands near the lateral margin on the upper cuticle; and anomocytic stomata that are longitudinally oriented with four to six subsidiary cells of irregular shape and size. This is the first report of the genus
Rhaphidopteris
from Xinjiang. The gross morphology and epidermal characters of the new species improves our understanding of the morpho-heterogenus
Rhaphidopteri
s.
Instance-Based Continual Learning: A Real-World Dataset and Baseline for Fresh Recognition
Authors: Xu Zhenbo , Hu Hai-Miao , Liu Liu , Zhang Dongping , Zhang Shifeng , Tan Wenming
Published: April 2023

Real-time learning on real-world data streams with temporal relations is essential for intelligent agents. However, current online
Continual Learning (CL)
benchmarks adopt the mini-batch setting and are composed of temporally unrelated and disjoint tasks as well as pre-set class boundaries. In this paper, we delve into a real-world CL scenario for fresh recognition where algorithms are required to recognize a huge variety of products to facilitate the checkout speed. Products mainly consists of packaged cereals, seasonal fruits, and vegetables from local farms or shipped from overseas. Since algorithms process instance streams consisting of sequential images, we name this real-world CL problem as
Instance-Based Continual Learning (IBCL)
. Different from the current online CL setting, algorithms are required to perform instant testing and learning upon each incoming instance. Moreover, IBCL has no task boundaries or class boundaries and allows the evolution and the forgetting of old samples within each class. To promote the researches on real CL challenges, we propose the first real-world CL dataset coined the
Continual Fresh Recognition (CFR)
dataset, which consists of fresh recognition data streams (766
K
labelled images in total) collected from 30 supermarkets. Based on the CFR dataset, we extensively evaluate the performance of current online CL methods under various settings and find that current prominent online CL methods operate at high latency and demand significant memory consumption to cache old samples for replaying. Therefore, we make the first attempt to design an efficient and effective
Instant Training-Free Learning (ITFL)
framework for IBCL. ITFL consists of feature extractors trained in the metric learning manner and reformulates CL as a temporal classification problem among several most similar classes. Unlike current online CL methods that cache image samples (150
KB
per image) and rely on training to learn new knowledge, our framework only caches features (2
KB
per image) and is free of training in deployment. Extensive evaluations across three datasets demonstrate that our method achieves comparable recognition accuracy to current methods with lower latency and less resource consumption. Our codes and datasets will be publicly available at
https://github.com/detectRecog/IBCL
.
Large-scale Terrain Authoring through Interactive Erosion Simulation
Authors: Schott Hugo , Paris Axel , Fournier Lucie , Guérin Eric , Galin Eric
Published: April 2023

Large-scale terrains are essential in the definition of virtual worlds. Given the diversity of landforms and the geomorphological complexity, there is a need for authoring techniques offering hydrological consistency without sacrificing user control. In this article, we bridge the gap between large-scale erosion simulation and authoring into an efficient framework. We set aside modeling in the elevation domain in favour of the uplift domain and compute emerging reliefs by simulating the stream power erosion. Our simulation relies on a fast yet accurate approximation of drainage area and flow routing to compute the erosion interactively, which allows for incremental authoring. Our model provides landscape artists with tools for shaping mountain ranges and valleys, such as copy-and-paste operations; warping for imitating folds and faults; and point and curve elevation constraints to precisely sculpt ridges or carve river networks. It also lends itself to inverse procedural modeling by reconstructing the uplift from an input digital elevation model and allows hydrologically consistent blending between terrain patches.
Conditional Independence Test Based on Residual Similarity
Authors: Zhang Hao , Xia Yewei , Zhang Kun , Zhou Shuigeng , Guan Jihong
Published: April 2023

Recently, many regression-based
conditional independence (CI)
test methods have been proposed to solve the problem of causal discovery. These methods provide alternatives to test CI of
x,y
given
Z
by first removing the information of the controlling set
Z
from
x
and
y
, and then testing the independence between the two residuals

R
x,Z

and

R
y,Z

. When the residuals are linearly uncorrelated, the independence test between them is nontrivial. With the ability to calculate inner product in high-dimensional space, kernel-based methods are usually used to achieve this goal, but they are considerably time-consuming. In this paper, we test the independence between two linear combinations under linear structural equation model. We show that the dependence between the two residuals can be captured by the difference between the similarity of

R
x,Z

and

R
y,Z

and that of

R
x,Z

and

R
r

(

R
r

is an independent copy of

R
y,Z

) in high-dimensional space. With this result, we provide a new way to test CI based on the similarity between residuals, which is called SCIT — the abbreviation of Similarity-based CI Testing. Furthermore, we develop two versions of the proposal, called Kernel-SCIT and Neural-SCIT, respectively. Kernel-SCIT calculates the similarity by using kernel functions, while Neural-SCIT approximates the upper bound of the similarity by using deep neural networks. In both algorithms, random permutation tests are performed to control Type I error rate. The proposed tests are evaluated on (conditional) independence test and causal discovery with both synthetic and real datasets. Experimental results show that Kernel-SCIT is simpler yet more efficient and effective than the typical existing kernel-based methods HSIC and KCIT in the cases of small sample size, and Neural-SCIT can significantly boost the performance of CI testing when sufficient samples are available. The source code is available at
https://github.com/xyw5vplus1/SCIT
.
HCNCT: A Cross-chain Interaction Scheme for the Blockchain-based Metaverse
Authors: Ren Yongjun , Lv Zhiying , Xiong Neal N. , Wang Jin
Published: April 2023

As a new type of digital living space that blends virtual and reality, Metaverse combines many emerging technologies. It provides an immersive experience based on VR technology and stores and protects users’ digital content and digital assets through blockchain technology. However, different virtual environments are often highly heterogeneous in terms of underlying architecture and software implementation technology, which leads to many challenges in scalability and interoperability for blockchains serving the Metaverse. Cross-chain technology is an essential technology to realize the scalability and interoperability of blockchain. However, the current cross-chain technologies all have their own merits and demerits, and there is no cross-chain solution that can be fully applied to any scenario. To this end, in the blockchain-based Metaverse, this article proposes a cross-chain transaction scheme based on improved hash timelock, HCNCT. By combining the notary mechanism, this scheme uses a group of notaries to supervise and participate in cross-chain transactions, effectively solving the problem that malicious users create a large number of time-out transactions to block the transaction channel, which exists in the traditional hash timelock method. Besides, this article uses the verifiable secret sharing method in the notary group, which can effectively prevent the centralization problem of the notary mechanism. Moreover, this article discusses the process of key processing, cross-chain transaction and transaction verification of the scheme, and designs the user credibility evaluation mechanism, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of malicious default of users. Compared with existing solutions, our solution has the advantage of effectively addressing time-out transaction attacks and centralization issues while guaranteeing security. The experiments also verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Human milk oligosaccharides reduce necrotizing enterocolitis-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in mice
Authors: Sodhi Chhinder P. , Ahmad Raheel , Fulton William B. , Lopez Carla M. , Eke Benjamin O. , Scheese Daniel , Duess Johannes W. , Steinway Steve N. , Raouf Zachariah , Moore Hannah , Tsuboi Koichi , Sampah Maame Efua , Jang Hee-Seong , Buck Rachael H. , Hill David R. , Niemiro Grace M. , Prindle Thomas , Wang Sanxia , Wang Menghan , Jia Hongpeng , Catazaro Jonathan , Lu Peng , Hackam David J.
Published: April 2023

This study reveals that the administration of human milk oligosaccharides, which are present in human breast milk, can interfere with the proinflammatory gut-brain axis and prevent neuroinflammation in the setting of necrotizing enterocolitis, a major intestinal disorder seen in premature infants.
Can HbA1c Alone Be Safely Used to Guide Insulin Therapy in African Youth with Type 1 Diabetes?
Authors: Piloya-Were Thereza , Mungai Lucy W. , Moran Antoinette , Yauch Lauren M. , Christakis Nicholas , Zhang Lin , McCarter Robert , Chalew Stuart
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The relationship of HbA1c versus the mean blood glucose (MBG) is an important guide for diabetes management but may differ between ethnic groups. In Africa, the patient’s glucose information is limited or unavailable and the management is largely guided by HbA1c. We sought to determine if the reference data derived from the non-African populations led to an appropriate estimation of MBG from HbA1c for the East African patients. Methods. We examined the relationship of HbA1c versus MBG obtained by the continuous glucose monitoring in a group of East African youth having type 1 diabetes in Kenya and Uganda (n = 54) compared with the data obtained from A1c-derived average glucose (ADAG) and glucose management indicator (GMI) studies. A self-identified White (European heritage) population of youth (n = 89) with type 1 diabetes, 3–18 years old, living in New Orleans, LA, USA metropolitan area (NOLA), was studied using CGM as an additional reference. Results. The regression equation for the African cohort was MBG (mg/dL) = 32.0 + 16.73 × HbA1c (%), r = 0.55,

p
<
0.0001

. In general, the use of the non-African references considerably overestimated MBG from HbA1c for the East African population. For example, an HbA1c = 9% (74.9 mmol/mol) corresponded to an MBG = 183 mg/dL (10.1 mmol/L) in the East African group, but 212 mg/dL (11.7 mmol/L) using ADAG, 237 mg/dL (13.1 mmol/L) using GMI and 249 mg/dL (13.8 mmol/L) using NOLA reference. The reported occurrence of serious hypoglycemia among the African patients in the year prior to the study was 21%. A reference table of HbA1c versus MBG from the East African patients was generated. Conclusions. The use of non-African-derived reference data to estimate MBG from HbA1c generally led to the overestimation of MBG in the East African patients. This may put the East African and other African patients at higher risk for hypoglycemia when the management is primarily based on achieving target HbA1c in the absence of the corresponding glucose data.
Formulation and Evaluation of Quality Parameters of Effervescent Granules from the Potent Antioxidant between Two Variants of the Adaptogenic Herb Ocimum tenuiflorum L.
Authors: Parajuli-Baral Kalpana
Published: April 2023

Ocimum tenuiflorum L. is found throughout semitropical and tropical parts of Southeast Asia. In Nepal, O. tenuiflorum L. is popular with two variants: Krishna Tulsi consisting of purple-colored leaves and Sri Tulsi consisting of green-colored leaves. O. tenuiflorum L. is considered the queen of herbs and is a traditionally and clinically proven medicinal herb for its application and efficacy. However, no commercial pharmaceutical preparations of O. tenuiflorum L. are available using effervescent vehicles. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the antioxidant activity of leaves from the two varieties of O. tenuiflorum L. and formulate and evaluate the quality parameters of effervescent granules of the potent extract. The antioxidant activity of O. tenuiflorum L. ethanolic extracts was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay at 1, 10, and 100 µg/mL concentrations, where ascorbic acid was used as the positive control. The antioxidant activity of purple-leafed O. tenuiflorum L. was found to be higher than that of green-leafed O. tenuiflorum L. Therefore, effervescent granules of the ethanolic extract of purple-leafed O. tenuiflorum L. were formulated using the pharmaceutical excipients tartaric acid, citric acid, and sodium bicarbonate and the quality parameters of the granules were evaluated. The formulated granules met the quality parameters assessed from the angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s Index, Hausner’s ratio, effervescent cessation time, and stability studies. Thus, the formulated effervescent granules of O. tenuiflorum L. can be used for therapeutic purposes or as a functional food.
Adaptation of the Novel Cubic B-Spline Algorithm for Dealing with Conformable Systems of Differential Boundary Value Problems concerning Two Points and Two Fractional Parameters
Authors: Arqub Omar Abu , Tayebi Soumia , Momani Shaher , Abukhaled Marwan
Published: April 2023

Recently, conformable calculus has appeared in many abstract uses in mathematics and several practical applications in engineering and science. In addition, many methods and numerical algorithms have been adapted to it. In this paper, we will demonstrate, use, and construct the cubic B-spline algorithm to deal with conformable systems of differential boundary value problems concerning two points and two fractional parameters in both regular and singular types. Here, several linear and nonlinear examples will be presented, and a model for the Lane-Emden will be one of the applications presented. Indeed, we will show the complete construction of the used spline through the conformable derivative along with the convergence theory, and the error orders together with other results that we will present in detail in the form of tables and graphs using Mathematica software. Through the results we obtained, it became clear to us that the spline approach is effective and fast, and it requires little compulsive and mathematical burden in solving the problems presented. At the end of the article, we presented a summary that contains the most important findings, what we calculated, and some future suggestions.
Study on Influence of Moisture Content on Strength and Brittle-Plastic Failure Characteristics of Xiashu Loess
Authors: Hu Yanran , Sun Shaorui , Li Kai
Published: April 2023

To reveal the influence of water content on the strength characteristics and brittle-plastic failure process of Xiashu loess, the direct shear test and unconfined compressive strength test of Xiashu loess with different water content were carried out, and the influence of water content on its strength characteristics and brittle-plastic failure transformation characteristics was studied. Eight kinds of Xiashu loess with different moisture contents were designed, and a direct shear test and uniaxial compression test were carried out, respectively. The results show that with the increase in water content, the shear strength and unconfined compressive strength of Xiashu loess decrease continuously. The influence of water content on cohesion in the shear strength index is greater than that of the internal friction angle. The relationship curve between cohesion and internal friction angle and water content shows obvious segmentation. When approaching the optimal water content, the downward trend is slowed down. When the water content is constant, the shear strength of the sample will also increase with the increase of normal stress. When the water content is 12% to 15%, the failure mode of Xiashu loess is a brittle failure, and the unconfined compressive strength decreases by 43.23%. When the water content is 15% to 16%, the failure mode of Xiashu loess is a transitional failure, and the unconfined compressive strength decreases by 60.38%. When the water content is greater than 16%, Xiashu loess shows plastic failure, and the unconfined compressive strength decreases slightly.
Identification and Validation of NK Marker Genes in Ovarian Cancer by scRNA-seq Combined with WGCNA Algorithm
Authors: He Xin , Feng Weiwei
Published: April 2023

Background. As an innate immune system effector, natural killer cells (NK cells) play a significant role in tumor immunotherapy response and clinical outcomes. Methods. In our investigation, we collected ovarian cancer samples from TCGA and GEO cohorts, and a total of 1793 samples were included. In addition, four high-grade serous ovarian cancer scRNA-seq data were included for screening NK cell marker genes. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) identified core modules and central genes associated with NK cells. The “TIMER,” “CIBERSORT,” “MCPcounter,” “xCell,” and “EPIC” algorithms were performed to predict the infiltration characteristics of different immune cell types in each sample. The LASSO-COX algorithm was employed to build risk models to predict prognosis. Finally, drug sensitivity screening was performed. Results. We first scored the NK cell infiltration of each sample and found that the level of NK cell infiltration affected the clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients. Therefore, we analyzed four high-grade serous ovarian cancer scRNA-seq data, screening NK cell marker genes at the single-cell level. The WGCNA algorithm screens NK cell marker genes based on bulk RNA transcriptome patterns. Finally, a total of 42 NK cell marker genes were included in our investigation. Among which, 14 NK cell marker genes were then used to develop a 14-gene prognostic model for the meta-GPL570 cohort, dividing patients into high-risk and low-risk subgroups. The predictive performance of this model has been well-verified in different external cohorts. Tumor immune microenvironment analysis showed that the high-risk score of the prognostic model was positively correlated with M2 macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblast, hematopoietic stem cell, stromal score, and negatively correlated with NK cell, cytotoxicity score, B cell, and T cell CD4+Th1. In addition, we found that bleomycin, cisplatin, docetaxel, doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and etoposide were more effective in the high-risk group, while paclitaxel had a better therapeutic effect on patients in the low-risk group. Conclusion. By utilizing NK cell marker genes in our investigation, we developed a new feature that is capable of predicting patients’ clinical outcomes and treatment strategies.
SFRP4 Reduces Atherosclerosis Plaque Formation in ApoE Deficient Mice
Authors: Guan Hua , Liu Ting , Liu Miaomiao , Wang Xue , Shi Tao , Guo Fengwei
Published: April 2023

Secreted frizzled related protein 4 (SFRP4), a member of the SFRPs family, contributes to a significant function in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, there is not enough evidence to prove the antiatherosclerosis effect of SFRP4 in ApoE knock-out (KO) mice. ApoE KO mice were fed a western diet and injected adenovirus (Ad)-SFRP4 through the tail vein for 12 weeks. Contrasted with the control cohort, the area of atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE KO mice overexpressing SFRP4 was reduced significantly. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was elevated in the Ad-SFRP4 group. RNA sequence analysis indicated that there were 96 differentially expressed genes enriched in 10 signaling pathways in the mRNA profile of aortic atherosclerosis lesions. The analysis data also revealed the expression of a number of genes linked to metabolism, organism system, and human disease. In summary, our data demonstrates that SFRP4 could play an important role in improving atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aorta.
Vieta-Lucas Collocation Technique for Examination of the Flow of Casson Fluid over a Slippery Stretching Sheet Which Is Impacted by Thermal Slip, Ohmic Dissipation, and Variable Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Eid A. , Khader M. M. , Megahed Ahmed M.
Published: April 2023

This work aimed to present the influence of the magnetic field and Ohmic dissipation on the non-Newtonian Casson fluid on a vertical stretched sheet to numerically solve the problem. Here, the variable thermal conductivity is taken as a linear function of temperature. Electric fields, thermal slip, and viscous dissipation effects are taken into consideration. A collection of physical conditions on the sheet’s enclosing wall and the momentum and heat transport processes are expressed as partial differential equations (PDEs). Some of the similarity transformations are used to convert the collection of PDE into a system of ordinary differential equations. This system is numerically treated by implementing the Vieta-Lucas spectral collocation method. Some observations are made for the investigation of method convergence. The effect of some different parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles is graphically represented. Additionally, this area of study has significant practical applications in a variety of industries, including paper production, thermal power generation, nuclear reactors, cooling of metallic sheets, glass fiber, and lubrication.
Equipment Development Scheme Decision Based on IFS‐Choquet Integral Improved Matter Element Model
Authors: Zhu Nuojin , Zhang Huaiqiang , Yang Yang , Shi Boyuan , Gao Kun
Published: April 2023

An optimized matter element decision method is proposed based on intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Choquet integral to solve the problems of equipment development scheme decision (e.g., the correlation of scheme attributes and the low decision reliability of evaluation results). First, the nonlinear programming problem of expert intuition fuzzy subjective and objective decision information difference is constructed using the Choquet integral method, and the measure values and related factors of decision attributes are solved using the optimization algorithm. Second, given the comprehensive contribution of attributes, the fuzzy measure Shapley value is employed to represent the attribute weight. Last, the matter element extension model is optimized using the attribute weight information and intuitionistic fuzzy score value, and a two‐level evaluation strategy is formulated to determine the ranking and grade. On that basis, scientific decisions are made for several different schemes to be selected.
Future Teachers’ Spiritual Worldview Formation Factors
Authors: Paridinova Botagoz , Sapartayeva Lazzat , Tungatova Nurgul , Tulepbergenova Ardak , Kassymbekova Marzhan
Published: April 2023

It is necessary to define factors that affect the process of shaping future teachers’ spiritual worldview. The knowledge factors influencing the formation of a spiritual worldview allow us to elicit the most effective ways and means to shape future teachers’ professional self-awareness. Therefore, this paper is devoted to studying factors that play an important role in future teachers’ spiritual worldview formation. Reflection determines the prerequisites and consequences of the future teachers’ spiritual worldview. It is noted that only a spiritually rich teacher can solve the problems of modern education. Eighteen factors for forming future teachers’ spiritual worldviews are revealed. The authors briefly describe the contributions of various scientific disciplines to this topic, which are widely used in modern science, especially pedagogical and psychological ones. The authors do not rely on any religious experience, aspects, or approaches. There can always be an influence of subjectivity and the prevalence of religious approaches over scientific concepts in such an approach. In conclusion, findings regarding the factors involved in forming future teachers’ spiritual worldviews are presented.
Supplementary Table 2 from Somatic Exonic Deletions in RUNX1 Constitutes a Novel Recurrent Genomic Abnormality in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Eriksson Anna , Engvall Marie , Mathot Lucy , Österroos Albin , Rippin Martin , Cavelier Lucia , Ladenvall Claes , Baliakas Panagiotis
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 2
Supplementary Table S5 from SALVO: Single-Arm Trial of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab as Adjuvant Therapy for Resected Mucosal Melanoma
Authors: Kottschade Lisa A. , Pond Gregory Russell , Olszanski Anthony J. , Zakharia Yousef , Domingo-Musibay Evidio , Hauke Ralph J. , Curti Brendan D. , Schober Sarah , Milhem Mohammed M. , Block Matthew Stephen , Hieken Tina , McWilliams Robert R.
Published: April 2023

Representativeness of Study Participants
Supplementary Data 1 from Somatic Exonic Deletions in RUNX1 Constitutes a Novel Recurrent Genomic Abnormality in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Eriksson Anna , Engvall Marie , Mathot Lucy , Österroos Albin , Rippin Martin , Cavelier Lucia , Ladenvall Claes , Baliakas Panagiotis
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Data
Supplementary Table S2 from SALVO: Single-Arm Trial of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab as Adjuvant Therapy for Resected Mucosal Melanoma
Authors: Kottschade Lisa A. , Pond Gregory Russell , Olszanski Anthony J. , Zakharia Yousef , Domingo-Musibay Evidio , Hauke Ralph J. , Curti Brendan D. , Schober Sarah , Milhem Mohammed M. , Block Matthew Stephen , Hieken Tina , McWilliams Robert R.
Published: April 2023

Grade 3+ Adverse Events
Supplementary Figure S2 from An Immune-Related Gene Expression Signature Predicts Benefit from Adding Atezolizumab to FOLFOXIRI plus Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Antoniotti Carlotta , Boccaccino Alessandra , Seitz Robert , Giordano Mirella , Catteau Aurélie , Rossini Daniele , Pietrantonio Filippo , Salvatore Lisa , McGregor Kimberly , Bergamo Francesca , Conca Veronica , Leonetti Simone , Morano Federica , Papiani Giorgio , Tamburini Emiliano , Bensi Maria , Murgioni Sabina , Ross Douglas Teller , Passardi Alessandro , Boquet Isabelle , Nielsen Tyler J. , Galon Jérôme , Varga Matthew Gordon , Schweitzer Brock L. , Cremolini Chiara
Published: April 2023

Kaplan Meier estimates of progression-free survival in the overall population (optimized cut-point), according to IO status (a) and to both IO status and treatment arm (b). Legend: HR: hazard ratio, NR: not reached. Control arm indicates FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab. Atezo arm indicates FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab and atezolizumab.
Supplementary Table S6 from Osimertinib and Selpercatinib Efficacy, Safety, and Resistance in a Multicenter, Prospectively Treated Cohort of EGFR-Mutant and RET Fusion-Positive Lung Cancers
Authors: Rotow Julia , Patel Jyoti D. , Hanley Matthew P. , Yu Helena , Awad Mark , Goldman Jonathan W. , Nechushtan Hovav , Scheffler Matthias , Kuo Chih-Hsi S. , Rajappa Senthil , Harada Guilherme , Clifford Sarah , Santucci Alison , Silva Laura , Tupper Rebecca , Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Kherani Jennifer , Drilon Alexander
Published: April 2023

Dose discontinuation
Supplementary Table S5 from Osimertinib and Selpercatinib Efficacy, Safety, and Resistance in a Multicenter, Prospectively Treated Cohort of EGFR-Mutant and RET Fusion-Positive Lung Cancers
Authors: Rotow Julia , Patel Jyoti D. , Hanley Matthew P. , Yu Helena , Awad Mark , Goldman Jonathan W. , Nechushtan Hovav , Scheffler Matthias , Kuo Chih-Hsi S. , Rajappa Senthil , Harada Guilherme , Clifford Sarah , Santucci Alison , Silva Laura , Tupper Rebecca , Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Kherani Jennifer , Drilon Alexander
Published: April 2023

Dose modification
Supplementary Figure S1 from Osimertinib and Selpercatinib Efficacy, Safety, and Resistance in a Multicenter, Prospectively Treated Cohort of EGFR-Mutant and RET Fusion-Positive Lung Cancers
Authors: Rotow Julia , Patel Jyoti D. , Hanley Matthew P. , Yu Helena , Awad Mark , Goldman Jonathan W. , Nechushtan Hovav , Scheffler Matthias , Kuo Chih-Hsi S. , Rajappa Senthil , Harada Guilherme , Clifford Sarah , Santucci Alison , Silva Laura , Tupper Rebecca , Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Kherani Jennifer , Drilon Alexander
Published: April 2023

Patient Cohort Identification
Clinicopathologic, Genomic, and Immunophenotypic Landscape of ATM Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ricciuti Biagio , Elkrief Arielle , Alessi Joao , Wang Xinan , Li Yvonne , Gupta Hersh , Muldoon Daniel M. , Bertram Arrien A. , Pecci Federica , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Gandhi Malini , Lee Elinton , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Park Hyesun , Nishino Mizuki , Lindsay James , Felt Kristen D. , Sharma Bijaya , Cherniack Andrew D. , Rodig Scott , Gomez Daniel R. , Shaverdian Narek , Rakaee Mehrdad , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Ladanyi Marc , Janne Pasi A. , Schoenfeld Adam J. , Sholl Lynette M. , Awad Mark M. , Cheng Michael L.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

ATM is the most commonly mutated DNA damage and repair gene in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, limited characterization has been pursued.

Experimental Design:

Clinicopathologic, genomic, and treatment data were collected for 5,172 patients with NSCLC tumors which underwent genomic profiling. ATM IHC was performed on 182 NSCLCs with ATM mutations. Multiplexed immunofluorescence was performed on a subset of 535 samples to examine tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets.

Results:

A total of 562 deleterious ATM mutations were identified in 9.7% of NSCLC samples. ATM-mutant (ATMMUT) NSCLC was significantly associated with female sex (P = 0.02), ever smoking status (P < 0.001), non-squamous histology (P = 0.004), and higher tumor mutational burden (DFCI, P < 0.0001; MSK, P < 0.0001) compared with ATM–wild-type (ATMWT) cases. Among 3,687 NSCLCs with comprehensive genomic profiling, co-occurring KRAS, STK11, and ARID2 oncogenic mutations were significantly enriched among ATMMUT NSCLCs (Q < 0.05), while TP53 and EGFR mutations were enriched in ATMWT NSCLCs. Among 182 ATMMUT samples with ATM IHC, tumors with nonsense, insertions/deletions, or splice site mutations were significantly more likely to display ATM loss by IHC (71.4% vs. 28.6%; P < 0.0001) compared with tumors with only predicted pathogenic missense mutations. Clinical outcomes to PD-(L)1 monotherapy (N = 1,522) and chemo-immunotherapy (N = 951) were similar between ATMMUT and ATMWT NSCLCs. Patients with concurrent ATM/TP53 mutations had significantly improved response rate and progression-free survival with PD-(L)1 monotherapy.

Conclusions:

Deleterious ATM mutations defined a subset of NSCLC with unique clinicopathologic, genomic, and immunophenotypic features. Our data may serve as resource to guide interpretation of specific ATM mutations in NSCLC.
CD16+ Macrophages: An Emerging Biomarker for Combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 Blockade
Authors: Smithy James W. , Luke Jason J.
Published: April 2023

In a retrospective analysis of patients with unresectable melanoma, higher pretreatment tissue densities of CD16+ macrophages were associated with clinical benefit from combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade. With further validation, this biomarker could serve as a tool in selecting between immune checkpoint inhibitor regimens.

See related article by Lee et al., p. 2513
Trends, Characteristic, and Outcomes of Preterm Infants Who Received Postnatal Corticosteroid: A Cohort Study from 7 High-Income Countries
Authors: Parikh Shalin , Reichman Brian , Kusuda Satoshi , Adams Mark , Lehtonen Liisa , Vento Maximo , Norman Mikael , San Feliciano Laura , Isayama Tetsuya , Hakansson Stellan , Helenius Kjell , Bassler Dirk , Yang Junmin , Shah Prakesh S. , Gellineo Lana ,   International Network for Evaluation of Outcomes (iNeo) of neonates investigators
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Our objective was to evaluate the temporal trend of systemic postnatal steroid (PNS) receipt in infants of 24–28 weeks’ gestational age, identify characteristics associated with PNS receipt, and correlate PNS receipt with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and BPD/death from an international cohort included in the iNeo network. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using data from 2010 to 2018 from seven international networks participating in iNeo (Canada, Finland, Israel, Japan, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland). Neonates of 24 and 28 weeks’ gestational age who survived 7 days and who received PNS were included. We assessed temporal trend of rates of systemic PNS receipt and BPD/death. Results: A total of 47,401 neonates were included. The mean (SD) gestational age was 26.4 (1.3) weeks and birth weight was 915 (238) g. The PNS receipt rate was 21% (12–28% across networks) and increased over the years (18% in 2010 to 26% in 2018; p < 0.01). The BPD rate was 39% (28–44% across networks) and remained unchanged over the years (35.2% in 2010 to 35.0% in 2018). Lower gestation, male sex, small for gestational age status, and presence of persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were associated with higher rates of PNS receipt, BPD, and BPD/death. Conclusion: The use of PNS in extremely preterm neonates increased, but there was no correlation between increased use and the BPD rate. Research is needed to determine the optimal timing, dose, and indication for PNS use in preterm neonates.
Green Dialysis: Let Us Talk about Dialysis Fluid
Authors: Zawierucha Jacek , Marcinkowski Wojciech , Prystacki Tomasz , Malyszko Jacek S. , Pyrza Michal , Zebrowski Pawel , Malyszko Jolanta
Published: April 2023

Background: Hemodialysis is one of the most resources consuming medical intervention. Due to its concept, the proper amount of dialysis fluid passed through dialyzer is crucial to obtain the expected outcomes. The most frequent source of dialysis fluid is production from liquid concentrate (delivered in containers or plastic bags) in dialysis machine. Alternatively, concentrates for dialysis may be produced in dialysis center by dilution in mixing devices dry or semidry premixed compounds connected with system of central dialysis fluid delivery system. Dialysate consumption depends on various factors like type of hemodialysis machine, session duration, prescribed flow, etc. Summary: Modern hemodialysis machines are equipped with the modules which automatically reduce flow rate of dialysis fluid to the patient blood flow and minimize dialysate consumption during preparation and after reinfusion. Smart using of available options offered by manufacturers allows to save additional portion of acid concentrate and water. The weight of concentrates to be delivered to the dialysis center is the major factor influencing the cost (financial and environmental) of transportation from the manufacturer to the final consumer. The crisis on the energy carriers market and extremely high fuel prices made the transportation cost one of the significant costs of the treatment, which must be bear by supplier and finally influence on the price of goods. Key Messages: The careful choice of the concentrate delivery system can improve cost-effectiveness of dialysis. Such solutions implemented in dialysis unit helps make significant savings and decrease the impact on natural environment by carbon footprint reduction.
Defensive tail displays in dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) are influenced by colour morph and sex
Authors: Bjelica Vukašin , Milićević Mihailo , Lazić Ana , Ðoković Katarina , Golubović Ana
Published: April 2023

Defensive tail displays are common in squamates; however, the factors underlying the occurrence of such displays are rarely studied. We tested 268 adult dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) in a population with three colour morphs, exploring the effects of morph, sex, body size, tail length and temperature on the occurrence of tail waving in two stages of the antipredator response. When captured, the blotched morph tail waved the most, followed by melanistic then green morphs. Males displayed tail waving during post-capture immobility more often than females, possibly due to sexual dimorphism in tail length and/or fleeing speed. The occurrence of tail waving was low in response to a researcher as a “predator” (∼2.6% on capture; ∼6.8% during immobility), however the occurrence of this behaviour during encounters with real predators might be different. Large sample size is crucial for revealing fine scale effects on rare behaviours such as tail waving.
Revisiting the taxonomy of Crotalaria priestleyoides (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae), an endemic legume of Western Ghats
Authors: JABEENA MANJAKULAM KHADHERSHA , PRABHUKUMAR KONICKAL MAMBETTA , MAYA CHANDRASHEKARAN NAIR , SUNIL CHANDRASSERIL NARAYANAN
Published: April 2023

Crotalaria priestleyoides Benth. ex Beddome an endemic and rare legume in India is reviewed for its identity, occurrence and nomenclature. Description and colour photographs are provided along with notes on its distribution. Previous lectotypification based on Stock’s collection is superseded due to conflict with the protologue.
Disentangling cryptic species in Parastenocarididae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) with an integrative approach: the case of Stammericaris similior sp. nov. and Stammericaris destillans Bruno & Cottarelli 2017
Authors: BRUNO MARIA CRISTINA , COTTARELLI VEZIO , GRASSO ROSARIO , SPENA MARIA TERESA , CACCAMO DANIELE VINCENZO , MARRONE FEDERICO , VECCHIONI LUCA
Published: April 2023

Stammericaris similior sp. nov. is described combining light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and genetic barcoding. The new species was collected from rimstone pools in Scrivilleri Cave, a cave in Sicily with so far unexplored microcrustacean fauna. The new species is particularly interesting because it is morphologically very similar to Stammericaris destillans, an epikarstic parastenocaridid endemic to a different Sicilian cave; however, the phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial COI gene of sixteen parastenocaridids shows that these two Stammericaris are two distinct species, with an uncorrected p-distance of 22.9, and the sequences of Stammericaris similior sp. nov. cluster together in a well-supported monophyletic clade, with two different haplotypes. To our knowledge, the presence of different species of almost identical morphology had not been recorded before for the genus Stammericaris. The integrated molecular and morphological analysis, the latter conducted with the support of SEM, allows disentangling the affinities of the new species and identifying a few distinctive characters: the males of the new species are characterized by the caudal rami shorter than the anal somite; the morphology of the P3, which is thin and slightly arched, with three proximal spinules on exp-1; the peculiar structure of the P4 enp; the P4 basis ornamented with two spinules of different length, the one closest to the endopod being the shortest one, and a half-moon shaped lamella. The new species differs from S. destillans for its larger size, the presence of: three spinules, instead of two, on the P3 exp-1; the half-moon shaped lamella on the P4 basis; a row of spinules along the inner margin of P4 exp-1. We also provide data on the ecology and distribution of the new species, a list of the other copepod species collected, and a dichotomic key for the males of all species presently assigned to the genus.
Description of immature stages and redescription of adults of Monocrepidius fuscofasciatus (Eschscholtz, 1829) (Elateridae, Agrypninae, Oophorini)
Authors: MARINHO THAYNARA A.S. , CASARI SONIA A. , PROSVIROV ALEXANDER S. , ROSA SIMONE POLICENA
Published: April 2023

Monocrepidius Eschscholtz, 1829, previously Conoderus Eschscholtz, 1829, is one of the largest genera in Elateridae, with about 380 species distributed worldwide, with the majority of diversity in Australian and Neotropical regions. Several species groups have been recognized in Monocrepidius. Monocrepidius fuscofasciatus (Eschscholtz 1829) belongs to Candèze’s section I with seven species distributed in South America, predominantly in Brazil. Larvae of M. fuscofasciatus is undescribed and distribution of this species is poorly known. In the present work we describe mature larva, pupa and redescribe adults of M. fuscofasciatus, and also add information about distribution of this species. Monocrepidius fuscofasciatus larva is similar to that of M. malleatus Germar, 1824, its closest species with known larva. They differ from other American species in the presence of penicillus on mandible and abdominal tergum IX more setose, with a lateral row of 6 or 7 setae. In the other species, the penicillus is absent and the lateral row bears 2 or 3 setae. These results corroborate that larval evidence is useful in the taxonomy of this genus.
Socioeconomic Status and Cochlear Implant Usage: A Datalogging Study
Authors: Awad Daniel R. , Castaño Johnathan E. , McCoy Jennifer L. , Levy Rena , Oberlies Nicholas R. , Shaffer Amber D. , Kitsko Dennis J. , Jabbour Noel , Chi David H.
Published: April 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the associations between proxy measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and usage of cochlear implants.

Study Design:

Retrospective case series.

Methods:

Usage outcomes were measured among patients with a cochlear implant and data logging at a tertiary care children’s hospital between 2002 and 2017. Time per day with cochlear implant turned on, coil off, and listening to speech in noise and speech in quiet were extracted from audiology records, averaging right and left ear usage for those with bilateral implants. Associations between cochlear implant usage and demographic factors such as insurance type and median household income for zip code were assessed.

Results:

There were 142 total patients; 74 had bilateral usage data. Mean on air time was 10.76 hours (SD: 4.4). Those with private insurance had 1.2 hour more on air time/day ( P = .047) and 0.9 hour more quiet time/day ( P = .011) compared to those with public insurance. Younger age at last visit was associated with increased speech in quiet ( B = −.08; 95% CI: −0.12-[−0.05], P < .001) and coil off ( B = −0.06; 95% CI: −0.11-[−0.02], P = .006). Younger age at implant was associated with longer duration since last data logging visit ( B = −10.46; 95% CI: −18.41-[−2.51], P = .010), more daily use (on air; B = −0.23; 95% CI: −0.43-[−0.03], P = .026), and increased time spent listening to speech in noise ( B = −0.07; 95% CI: −0.14-[−0.01], P = .024). No other significant associations between datalogging output and each proxy SES factor were found.

Conclusions:

Lack of private insurance and older age at implantation decreased access to binaural hearing for children and young adults with cochlear implants.