bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Moisture Content, Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Nickel-Rich NCM Based Cathodes Processed at Ambient Atmosphere
Authors: Mayer Julian K. , Huttner Fabienne , Heck Carina A. , Steckermeier Dominik , von Horstig Max-Wolfram , Kwade Arno
Published: June 2022

For batteries with high energy density and good fast-charge capability, NCM cathode active materials with ≥80 mol% nickel are promising due to their high specific capacities. Unfortunately, the increase in nickel content is accompanied by a high susceptibility to moisture. Therefore, nickel-rich NCM is coated or doped by the manufacturers to increase its stability. However, it is unclear if special requirements regarding ambient humidity must still be met during the whole production chain, or only after post-drying and during cell assembly. Therefore, the structure and properties of three different nickel-rich NCM active materials (one doped monocrystalline, two coated polycrystalline materials) processed at ambient atmosphere were investigated. At every process step, moisture content and microstructure were examined. Prior to cell assembly, two different post-drying procedures were applied and investigated. As validation, electrochemical tests were performed. Both polycrystalline cathodes demonstrated good physical and electrochemical properties, despite the ambient process atmosphere. Higher moisture reduction led to improved electrochemical performances at higher C-rates. Finally, a comparison between dry and normal atmosphere of the best performing material indicates that a production of high-quality nickel-rich electrodes at ambient atmosphere is possible if their exposure to moisture is short and well-designed post-drying techniques are applied.
New Media College Students’ Education Evaluation System Based on Improved CW-CPCC Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yu , Sun Xuying
Published: June 2022

The strengthening of comprehensive quality education of college students in colleges and universities has been more and more concerned and accepted by people. The educational evaluation of college students should not only conform to the objective reality but also ensure that it is effective. However, the evaluation indicators in the current education evaluation are grayscale, qualitative, and difficult to assess. Aiming at this problem, this study proposes an improved CW-PPCC-based evaluation algorithm for college students’ education, which quantifies the qualitative indicators that are difficult to measure in the form of data, using AHP and data envelopment. On the basis of big data, the correlation coefficient of product distance quantitatively evaluates the quality of undergraduate education and realizes an effective evaluation of the education quality of college students. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively realize the evaluation of education quality, and has high accuracy and high application value.
Development of Pneumonia Disease Detection Model Based on Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Al-Dulaimi Dalya S. , Mahmoud Aseel Ghazi , Hassan Nadia Moqbel , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Majeed Sayf A.
Published: June 2022

Pneumonia represents a life-endangering and deadly disease that results from a viral or bacterial infection in the human lungs. The earlier pneumonia’s diagnosing is an essential aspect in the processes of successful treatment. Recently, the developed methods of deep learning that include several layers of processing to comprehend the stratified data representation have obtained the best results in various domains, especially in the identification and classification of human diseases. Therefore, for improving the systems’ performance for detecting pneumonia disease, there is a requirement for implementing automatic models based on deep learning models that have the ability to diagnose the images of chest X-rays and to facilitate the detection process of pneumonia novices and experts. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model is developed in this paper for detecting pneumonia via utilizing the images of chest X-rays. The proposed framework encompasses two main stages: the stage of image preprocessing and the stage of extracting features and image classification. The proposed CNN model provides high results of precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy by 98%, 98%, 97%, and 99.82%, respectively. Regarding the obtained results, the proposed CNN model-based pneumonia detection has achieved a better result of consistency and accuracy, and it has outperformed the other pretrained deep learning models such as residual networks (ResNet 50) and VGG16. Furthermore, it exceeds the recently existing models presented in the literature. Thus, the significant performance of the proposed CNN model-based pneumonia detection in all measures of performance can provide effective services of patient care and decrease the rates of mortality.
A Decision Model for the Control and Dissemination of the Online Public Opinions: An Empirical Study of Public Opinion Dissemination on Fraudulent Insurance Claims in Taihe, China
Authors: Sun Jiangjie , Li Hui , Xu Ning , Qiao Zongmin , He Chengsen
Published: June 2022

This work establishes the SE-IR model of dissemination of online public opinions and control decisions. The model is developed by sorting out the development process of dissemination of the online public opinion model, analysing the mechanism of public opinion evolution in emergencies, drawing on the construction idea of the SEIR contagion model, and combining the characteristics of the online public opinion dissemination with the role mechanism of government intervention. Using this model, we determine the equilibrium point and stability of public opinion dissemination. Using the data of public opinion on an incident of fraudulent insurance claims in China, we explore the influence of different government decisions on public opinion dissemination. The results show that government actions in that case achieved the purpose of minimising the risk of harmful public opinion dissemination.
Firefly Optimization‐Based Cooperative Localization Algorithm for Intelligent IoT
Authors: Liu Cheng peng , Xia Bin , Zhang Liye
Published: June 2022

To achieve effective connection between each node of the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a great demand of precise positioning. The traditional firefly localization algorithm only considers part of the ranging information, and the positioning effect is not good. Therefore, an improved algorithm is proposed to take advantage of the ranging information between unknown nodes to achieve cooperative location. First, all ranging information is considered to construct a new objective function. The firefly optimization approach is then utilized to discover the best solution based on the new goal function. The starting location created by the random technique has a significant impact on the new algorithm’s localization performance, thus the traditional firefly localization method’s initial position is employed to increase cooperative localization performance. The simulation results demonstrate that the novel approach outperforms the classic firefly technique in terms of placement accuracy.
Protective Effect of XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan on the Reproductive Toxicity of Female Rats Induced by Triptolide
Authors: Deng Disi , Yan Jin , Li Wanjing , Wu Yeke , Wu Keming
Published: June 2022

Background. Although triptolide (TP) has been widely used for the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, and various kinds of tumors, the long experimental and clinical applications have exhibited severe reproductive system toxicity in TP-treated animals and patients. More importantly, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in TP-induced reproductive system toxicity still needs more research. Methods. Adult female Sprague Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and then treated with XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW). Histological analysis and follicle count were executed using H&E staining. Hormone (E2, AMH, FSH, LH, and INH B) concentrations, inflammation indicators (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), oxidative stress indicators (SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA), apoptosis rate, protein distribution and expression (SIRT1, AMPK, and 8-OhdG), cell viability, relative protein levels (beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I, p62, procaspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, p-SIRT1, SIRT1, p-AMPKα-1, AMPKα-1, Akt, and p-Akt), autophagosome were detected by ELISA, commercial biochemical detection kits, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, CCK-8, western blotting, and transmission electron microscope, respectively. Results. XJCRTSZW administration notably improved the TP-treated pathological symptoms, including few mature follicles in the ovary and less granular cell layer, and disordered the arrangement of the follicle, lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltration, and necrosis, shedding, and follicular cystic dilatation of the granular layer follicle cells in the ovarian stroma. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of primary follicles and secondary follicles numbers and decreased the TP-induced elevation of atretic follicle numbers and the expression of AMPK, SIRT1, and 8-OhdG in GCs in vivo. Moreover, XJCRTSZW application significantly increased the TP-induced diminishment of E2, AMH, and LNH-B concentrations, apoptosis rate, SOD and GSH-Px concentrations, and p62 protein level; however, it declined the TP-induced augmentation of MDA level, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, autophagosome, beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I, cleaved-caspase-3, p-AMPKα-1, and p-SIRT1 protein levels both in vivo and in vitro. Besides, XJCRTSZW treatment prominently enhanced the TP-induced decrease of cell viability in vitro. Conclusion. XJCRTSZW can alleviate TP-induced reproductive toxicity via apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, XJCRTSZW ameliorates TP-induced reproductive toxicity through AMPK/SIRT and Akt signaling axis mediated autophagy both in vivo and in vitro.
Secure and Scalable Healthcare Data Transmission in IoT Based on Optimized Routing Protocols for Mobile Computing Applications
Authors: Refaee Eshrag , Parveen Shabana , Begum Khan Mohamed Jarina , Parveen Fatima , Raja M. Chithik , Gupta Shashi Kant , Krishnan Santhosh
Published: June 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) has impacted various aspects of life, but its profound effects on the health sector are particularly striking because of its cutting-edge nature. Mobile computing characteristics enable IoT to play a more important role when used with mobile computing. A significant part of the benefits of IoT in healthcare can be attributed to mobile health, which is greatly enhanced by mobile computing. Wearables transmit large amounts of data to IoT devices through sensors, actuators, and transceivers. Threats, attacks, and vulnerabilities abound for data on the Internet of Things. Therefore, addressing IoT-related security, privacy, and vulnerability issues call for a robust security solution. This paper proposes a secure and scalable healthcare data transmission framework in IoT based on an optimized routing protocol. Initially, the health data is collected from various IoT devices like wearable devices and sensors. The raw data is preprocessed via data cleaning and data reduction techniques. K-nearest neighbor (KNN) imputation is performed and principal component analysis (PCA) is employed for dimension reduction of the data. Utilizing modified local binary patterns (MLBP), the features are extracted from the preprocessed data. By combining the fuzzy dynamic trust-based RPL algorithm with the butter ant optimization (BAO) algorithm for low-power and lossy networks, the proposed fuzzy dynamic trust-based RPL (FDT-RPL) protocol improves the overall security of data transmission. The algorithm has been implemented for a smart healthcare system, and the performance is analyzed by comparing it with traditional approaches. The proposed routing protocol provided a secure and scalable healthcare data transmission.
Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolated from Intestinal Microbiota Children of 0–5 Years Old in the Commune of Abomey-Calavi
Authors: Sina Haziz , Dah-Nouvlessounon Durand , Adjobimey Tomabu , Boya Bawa , Dohoue Ghislaine M. C. , N’tcha Christine , Chidikofan Violette , Baba-Moussa Farid , Abdoulaye Idrissou , Adjanohoun Adolphe , Baba-Moussa Lamine
Published: June 2022

Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium and one of the first bacteria to colonize the digestive tract of newborns after birth. It is characterized by great versatility and metabolic flexibility that allows its survival in different niches. The present study aims at analyzing the diversity of E. coli strains isolated from the intestinal microbiota of children aged from 0 to 5 years in the commune of Abomey-Calavi in Benin. For this purpose, a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 135 stool samples were collected from the pediatric clinic of Abomey-Calavi. Microbiological analyses were performed according to standard microbiology analytical techniques. The molecular characterization of E. coli was performed by investigating eight genes (dinB, icdA, pabB, polB, putP, trpA, trpB, and uidA) using the PCR technique. The results showed that the average loading rate on stool samples was 3.74 × 107 CFU/g for TAMF. A total of 7 species of bacteria were identified at different proportions: Staphylococcus spp (55.36%), E. coli (14.29%), Klebsiella ornithinolytica (12.5%), Serratia odorifera (5.36%), and Enterobacter aerogenes (5.36%). Interestingly, isolated E. coli presented a resistance of 100% to cefotaxime and aztreonam. In addition, resistances of 95.24% and 50% were observed against erythromycin and nalidixic acid, respectively. The molecular characterization of the isolated E. coli strains allowed us to discover another molecular variation within the isolated strains. Genes encoding the enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase (icd) and DNA polymerase II (polB) were detected at 96.30% in the isolated E. coli strains. Moreover, the genes encoding the enzymes beta-D-glucuronidase (uidA) and DNA polymerase (dinB) were detected at 88.89% in the isolated E. coli strains. Interestingly, 81.48%, 85.19, 92.59%, and 100% of isolated E. coli strains expressed the genes encoding the enzymes tryptophan synthase subunit A (trpA), proline permease (putP), p-aminobenzoate synthase, and tryptophan synthase subunit B (trpB), respectively. The diversity of E. coli strains reflects the importance of regulatory mechanisms in the adaptation of bacteria to the gut microbiota.
Parent Attitudes regarding Orthodontists’ Role as Potential Administrators of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccines
Authors: Lee Gloria , Begley Jessica , Ahluwalia Kavita , Shariff Jaffer A , Wadhwa Sunil , O’Hea Christine
Published: June 2022

Objective. To assess parent attitudes regarding orthodontists’ role as potential administrators of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines. Materials and Methods. 275 parents of adolescents, aged 11–17, who attended the orthodontic clinic at an American university for orthodontic adjustment visits and met inclusion criteria were given information about HPV and HPV vaccines. A paper questionnaire was administered to assess comfort level with orthodontists as HPV vaccinators. Demographic and other potential explanatory characteristics were collected. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed with SPSS statistical software v25. Results. The majority of participants were between 31 and 40 years old, with 79.6% identifying as female. 54.3% of the subjects’ children identified as female. Although 71.3% of participants identified as Hispanic, 55.3% of the total participants chose to respond to the questionnaire in Spanish. 66.7% of the participants reported education level as high school degree or less. Overall, 52.4% of parents responded that they would be comfortable with orthodontists administering HPV vaccines to their children. Bivariate analysis suggested a significant association (

p
<
0.05

) of parents taking the survey in Spanish and parents’ educational attainment with HPV vaccine administration comfort level. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression indicates that parents taking survey in Spanish (adjusted OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.24–4.72;

p
<
.01

) and parents of male children (adjusted OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.01–2.73;

p
<
047

) were comfortable with orthodontists administering the HPV vaccine. Conclusions. The language of the survey influenced parents’ comfort level with orthodontists as HPV vaccinators, with Spanish having a positive correlation to comfort level. Parents of male children were more comfortable with orthodontists as HPV vaccinator.
Identification of Immune-Related lncRNA Regulatory Network in Pulpitis
Authors: Du Jing , Liu Liu , Yang Fan , Leng Sha , Zhang Lan , Huang Dingming
Published: June 2022

Background. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of various biological processes, including immune regulation. Methods. Due to the critical significance of immunological responses in the development and progression of pulpitis, we used an integrated algorithm to identify immune-related lncRNAs and then examined the lncRNA-immunity regulation network in pulpitis. Before identifying immune-related lncRNAs, the data from GEO datasets were precleaned. ConsensusClusterPlus was used to differentiate immune-related pulpitis subgroups. Enrichment analysis using GO and MSigDB databases was employed to determine the differences in molecular function, cellular component, and biological process between the two pulpitis subtypes. Results. An integrated algorithm was designed to filtrate immune-related lncRNAs accurately. 790 immune-related lncRNAs were found in 17 immunological categories, with 38 of them perturbated in pulpitis. The Cytoscape software was used to visualize the relationship between representative immune regulatory pathways and immune-related lncRNAs. Two immune-related pulpitis subtypes were discovered using differentially expressed immune-related lncRNAs. Subtype 2 has a stronger association with immune-related pathways than subtype 1 does. Conclusions. Our study identified many immune-related lncRNAs and investigated potential lncRNA regulation networks; meanwhile, the molecular subtypes of pulpitis were identified, all of which will be relevant for further research into inflammatory and immunological processes in pulpitis.
Periapical Actinomycosis: A Rare Subdivision of Cervicofacial Actinomycosis, Review of the Literature, and a Case Report
Authors: Dastgir Ramtin , Sohrabi Maryam
Published: June 2022

Background. Periapical actinomycosis, which is reckoned as a subgroup of cervicofacial actinomycosis, is an uncommon, more indolent, less invasive, and limited type of actinomycosis infection. However, it can be considerably underreported due to the low number of periapical surgical specimens that are submitted for histopathological analysis after excision of the lesion with the preliminary diagnosis of typical periapical infections. It is believed that during root canal treatment, the organisms are displaced from the oral cavity into the periapical regions as a result of failure to establish aseptic techniques which can further result in actinomycosis infections and, in rare instances, lead to more severe events and can even be life-threatening. Case Presentation. We intend to report a case of periapical actinomycosis in a 34-year-old female who presented with the chief complaint of pain and slight mobility of the mandibular right second premolar and first molar with no significant issues in the patient’s medical history. Initial orthopantomography revealed a uniloculated, radiolucent lesion engulfing the apices of the aforementioned teeth. An incisional biopsy was then obtained which revealed fragments of fibroconnective tissue including few crushed bone particles severely infiltrated by acute inflammatory cells and some foamy macrophages. The suppurative exudate focally surrounds colonies of filamentous bacteria as round basophilic masses with radial configuration resembling “sulfur granules.” Surgical approach consisted of curettage accompanied with peripheral ostectomy and cautious burnishing of the two involved tooth roots. Conclusion. This case report emphasizes the importance of aseptic techniques during endodontic and more invasive treatments, as they can cause penetration of Actinomyces into the periapical region which in some cases can lead to more serious complications and even life-threatening situations.
Disease Information Dissemination Prevention and Risk Management Methods in the Blockchain Environment
Authors: Yang Huilan , Fan Yancun , Liu Ruipeng
Published: June 2022

With the advancement of technology and the arrival of the era of integrated media, big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and virtual reality are gradually changing the ecology of public opinion. This will bring new challenges to the technical discovery, data analysis, and response of network disease dissemination to public opinion. Internet data barriers are still widespread. The specific requirements are to explore the application mode of blockchain technology to bring a better service experience to the people. Therefore, this paper focuses on the dissemination of disease public opinion information and risk management research in the blockchain environment. Furthermore, the application of advanced blockchain technology is used to seek breakthroughs in the field of risk management of network disease transmission and public opinion in terms of technology and data. This paper systematically sorts out the research results of domestic and foreign disease transmission network public opinion, public opinion risk management, and blockchain through comprehensive use of literature analysis, grounded research, empirical research, simulation research, and other research methods. Based on theories of the disease transmission network, public opinion, risk management, blockchain, and system dynamics, we conduct research on network public opinion and risk management of disease transmission in the block chain environment. At the theoretical level, the research in this paper can promote the risk management of disease transmission network public opinion in the blockchain environment and carry out the construction of the theoretical system to deepen the application of blockchain technology in the field of disease public opinion risk management. At the practical level, the research in this paper can guide the improvement of the effect of public opinion risk management. Then, blockchain technology is applied to manage the risk of disease public opinion. In future research, the theory of public opinion risk management will be further enriched. We will apply blockchain technology to develop the evolution of the risk of disease public opinion transmission, carry out research on public opinion management and other aspects, and at the same time, try the design and development of a blockchain public opinion system. In this way, the innovation of blockchain in the development and application of disease network public opinion research will be promoted.
Study of Water Resources Optimal Operation Model of Multireservoir: A Case Study of Kuitun River Basin in Northwestern China
Authors: Qiao Changlu , Wang Yan , Liu Yanxue , Li Junfeng , Zhang Heping , Lu Jiangang
Published: June 2022

Aiming at the problems that need to be solved urgently in the current operation of a multireservoir in Kuitun River Basin, such as the uneven distribution of water resources in time and space, the large workload of manual operation calculation, and low coordination level, the paper takes the optimal operation of water resources in the basin as the main goal and carries out the research on the optimal operation model of the multireservoir in combination with the complex characteristics of local water resources system. Firstly, based on the generalization of hydraulic engineering in Kuitun River Basin, a water resources optimal operation model of the multireservoir is established and is solved by the graph theory. Then, the actual data of typical years were selected to test the model. The test results show that, compared with the actual water distribution, the water shortage rate of 2015 and 2016 in high flow years decreased by 98.57% and 100%, respectively; the water shortage rate of 2013 and 2014 in normal flow years decreased by 92.65% and 96.38%, respectively; and the water shortage rate of 2009 in a low flow year decreased by 87.78%. The model can provide the optimal operation scheme for the optimal operation of the multireservoir in the basin. And it can solve the problems such as the uneven distribution of water resources and the large workload of manual operation calculation and can provide technical support for the optimal operation of water resources of the multireservoir in Kuitun River Basin in the future.
Deep Learning Algorithm-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Feature-Guided Serum Bile Acid Profile and Perinatal Outcomes in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Authors: Liu Hongxue , Wang Haidong , Zhang Muling
Published: June 2022

This study was aimed to explore magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on deep learning belief network model in evaluating serum bile acid profile and adverse perinatal outcomes of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) patients. Fifty ICP pregnant women diagnosed in hospital were selected as the experimental group, 50 healthy pregnant women as the blank group, and 50 patients with cholelithiasis as the gallstone group. Deep learning belief network (DLBN) was built by stacking multiple restricted Boltzmann machines, which was compared with the recognition rate of convolutional neural network (CNN) and support vector machine (SVM), to determine the error rate of different recognition methods on the test set. It was found that the error rate of deep learning belief network (7.68%) was substantially lower than that of CNN (21.34%) and SVM (22.41%) (

P
<
0.05

). The levels of glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), and glycocholic acid (GCA) in the experimental group were dramatically superior to those in the blank group (

P
<
0.05

). Both the experimental group and the blank group had notable clustering of serum bile acid profile, and the experimental group and the gallstone group could be better distinguished. In addition, the incidence of amniotic fluid contamination, asphyxia, and premature perinatal infants in the experimental group was dramatically superior to that in the blank group (

P
<
0.05

). The deep learning confidence model had a low error rate, which can effectively extract the features of liver MRI images. In summary, the serum characteristic bile acid profiles of ICP were glycoursodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, and glycocholic acid, which had a positive effect on clinical diagnosis. The toxic effects of high concentrations of serum bile acids were the main cause of adverse perinatal outcomes and sudden death.
Human Resource Decision-Making and Recommendation Based on Hadoop Distributed Big Data Platform
Authors: Chen Weiling , Du Chunjing
Published: June 2022

The innovative development of an enterprise is a necessary factor for its long-term development, and science and technology is a necessary driving force for its development. An effective management of human resources management will find more high-quality talent, and it will also be efficient management of the enterprise staff. The efficiency of the traditional human resource management is relatively low; the approach will produce larger errors for the enterprise. This study combines the Hadoop distributed platform and big data technology to conduct a decision recommendation research on the relevant factors of human resource management. In this study, the decision tree is used to classify the data related to human resource management. The data feature of human resource will be predicted by the neural network method, and human resource managers will refer to the prediction data from the output layer of neural network. Human resource managers will make corresponding decisions and recommendations. The research results show that Hadoop technology and big data technology have better accuracy in human resource management recommendation system, which contains ConvLSTM method and decision tree method in this study. The maximum prediction error of the ConvLSTM algorithm in predicting the relevant factors of the human resource decision-making system is only 2.67%, and this part of the error comes from the employee-job matching index. The smallest forecast is only 1.98%.
Effect of Preexisting Asthma on the Risk of ICU Admission, Intubation, and Death from COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bhattarai Abhinav , Dhakal Garima , Shah Sangam , Subedi Aastha , Sah Sanjit Kumar , Mishra Shyam Kumar
Published: June 2022

Background. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies asthma as a comorbidity in COVID-19 that increases the risk of severity and death. However, research has shown that asthma is not associated with increased severity and death, thus making the consequences of asthma in COVID-19 unclear. Methods. We searched the electronic databases PubMed, WHO COVID-19 database, and Taylor and Francis Online for studies that compared the medical outcomes of COVID-19 between patients with and without asthma, from the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 to the 3rd of September 2021, excluded duplicates, reviews, editorials, and case reports, and screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation, and death among patients with and without asthma were compiled and meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. Results. Nineteen studies with a total of 289,449 participants met the inclusion criteria. COVID-19 patients with asthma had no significant association with increased risk of ICU admission, intubation, and death as compared with those without asthma ((odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, confidence interval (CI) = 0.90–1.74, I2 = 82%, X2 = 55.13,

p
<
0.01

), (OR = 0.89, CI = 0.59–1.34, I2 = 91%, X2 = 110.82,

p
<
0.01

), and (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.63–1.27, I2 = 88%, X2 = 146.96,

p
<
0.01

)), respectively. Conclusion. Preexisting asthma did not significantly increase the risk of poorer prognosis and death from COVID-19.
ABC Fractional Derivative for the Alcohol Drinking Model using Two‐Scale Fractal Dimension
Authors: Tul Ain Qura , Sathiyaraj T. , Karim Shazia , Nadeem Muhammad , Kandege Mwanakatwe Patrick
Published: June 2022

Drinking kills a significant proportion of individuals every year, particularly in low‐income communities. An impulsive differential equation system is used to explore the effectiveness of activated charcoal in detoxifying the body after methanol poisoning. Our impression of activated charcoal is shaped by the fractional dynamics of the problem, which leads to speedy and low‐cost first aid. The adsorption capacity of activated charcoal is investigated using impulsive differential equations. The ABC fractional operator’s findings paint a more realistic image of first aid in public and primary health centers, which can assist to reduce methanol poisoning deaths. Numerical simulations are provided using generalized Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method (GABMM).
Rethinking Brazilian Government Indigenous Policy for the Botocudo Indians During the 19th Century
Authors: Paraiso Maria Hilda Baqueiro
Published: June 2022

This article analyses the colonial history of Brazilian states of Bahia, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo during the 19th century, from an ethnohistorical perspective. Economical interests motiveded the the colonization of this region. The Botocudos Indians inhabited the area and as they didn't accept calmly their land invasion the colonizers used military strategies. This kind of political strategy used to "bring the progess to the area" resulted in the almost total extermination of the Botocudos. The principles on which this kind of contacts with Indian peoples were based are still present in nowa-days indigenous policies in Brazil
Del sexo del Creador y del intérprete traicionero
Authors: Szeminski Jan
Published: June 2022

Analisis de la relación entre lo dicho por los informantes índios sobre la religión cuzqueña anterior a la conquista española, y las fuentes escritas en castellano en el siglo XVI, basada en un ejemplo de un quechuista y predicador famoso, indica la impossibilidad de reconstruir la religión cuzqueña sin uso de fuentes directas en quechua y propone una nueva imagen del Dios creador andino, Wira Quchan.
Tecendo textos culturais: tecelagem, narrativas orais e gênero
Authors: Bittencourt Luciana
Published: June 2022

The production of textiles, songs, stories and riddles is an essential element in the everyday life of Roça Grande, a community in the Jequitinhonha river Valley, Brazil; they provide both material and symbolic means of survival for the community. Social and economic changes brought by interaction with the outside world have led to modifications in the system of meaning that organizes the society. These changes led to a redefinition in the symbolic constructs that define male and female domains in society. The symbolism of textiles, songs and oral narratives express how cultural concepts that organize the boundarics between gender constructs are created and negotiated by the individuais in the dinainics of social change
A lingua geral como identidade construida
Authors: Barros Maria Cândida D. M. , Borges Luiz C. , Meira Márcio
Published: June 2022

Língua Geral, or Nheengatu, or Tupian origin, is analyzed as a Brazilian cultural trait, which was historically developed and generated hy different social and ethnic groups for purposes of communicating their interests. During the Brazilian colonial period, emphasis is placed on the Jesuit  influence, whereby the Língua Geral was imposed upon the Indians as the "language o f the whites"; during the 19th century , Lingua Geral became known as a "Brazilian language" , hoth during the Cabanagem conflict in addition to being embraced hy the Brazilian intellectual Romanticist movement. Today lhe indigenous peoples or the Rio Negro region maintain Lígua Geral as a means of preserving their cultural identity.
Revisitando o toldo Chimbangue
Authors: Bloemer Neusa M. Sens , Nacke Aneliese
Published: June 2022

ln the beginning of the 80's, the Kaingang of Toldo Chimbangue (district of Chapecó, SC) , legally recove red half of the lands they had revindicated. This process involved the joint work of many different governmental and non-governmental organizations and required the elaboration of an Anthropological Report. It is the objective of the present work to evaluate how the Kaingang have reorganized their social and territorial space. This is, theref ore, a return, a revisiting to the Kaingang group almost a decade after the recovery of lands
A cultura dos terreiros. Um estudo de caso no candomblé na Bahia
Authors: Agier Michel
Published: June 2022

By considering "candomblé" as the culture of a place , this article tries to surpass the simple opposition between the notion or "candomblé" as an ethnic religion, and lhe notion of "candomblé" as a service offered in an indistinct religious market. In the introduction, this attempt is situated within the theoretical framework of  Afro-Brazilian studies, which is briefly reviewed. ln the case study, which is then presented (the "terreiro" in Vila Flaviana, Salvador, Bahia) , we try to give an account of tensions lying at the root of the cultural dynainics of the "terreiros". Studies based on the history or conversions and the social networks involved make it possible to evidence the internal conflicts which affect the interpretation of "candomblé"
Fabulações do Japão tradicional nas artes contemporâneas
Authors: Greiner Christine
Published: June 2022

Artes tradicionais do Japão, como a cerimônia do chá, as danças, os teatros e as gravuras do mundo flutuante (ukiyo-e) sempre despertaram grande fascínio, tanto entre artistas japoneses como estrangeiros. No entanto, os modos de lidar com a tradição variam muito, desde o aprendizado de técnicas específicas concernentes a linguagens diversas (a dança Fujima, a xilogravura ou o teatro nô) até o uso de metodologias de criação e a apropriação de princípios estéticos e modos de percepção (como o intervalo de espaço-tempo ma, o mitate e assim por diante). Esta pesquisa discute como essas estratégias vem desencadeando fabulações do Japão tradicional através da reativação de situações particulares que não olham apenas para o passado, mas lançam indagações para o futuro, dialogando com temas contemporâneos relativos a questões de gênero, estados de violência e vulnerabilidade.
Problemas, soluções e hipóteses no estudo da linguagem dos nipo-brasileiros do Distrito Federal do Brasil
Authors: Brissos Fernando
Published: June 2022

Apesar de formarem uma das maiores comunidades de origem estrangeira no Brasil, os nipo-brasileiros não têm merecido o previsível destaque nos estudos de linguística variacional. Uma exceção honrosa são os trabalhos de Yuko Takano, tanto na sua tese de doutoramento (2013), que procede a um Esboço do Atlas do Falar dos Nipo-Brasileiros do Distrito Federal, como no seu pós-doutoramento (2018), em que o amplo corpus dessa tese é rentabilizado sob a forma de um estudo dialetométrico (ou seja, quantitativo). Ambos os trabalhos são totalmente inovadores e não têm até hoje qualquer paralelo: não existe ainda outro atlas linguístico nem outro estudo dialetométrico do sistema linguístico nipo-brasileiro. Neste artigo tomamos o corpus de Takano e discutimos os seus achievements metodológicos e analíticos. Comparamos o primeiro conjunto de achievements com os conhecimentos que século e meio de dialetologia científica nos legaram, discutindo os ganhos e perdas de eficiência originados pelas adaptações metodológicas efetuadas por Takano com vistas ao estudo de um sistema linguístico tão específico. No que respeita ao segundo grupo de achievements, ou seja, aos resultados da análise quantitativa, expandimos o corpus utilizado por Takano de modo a incluir os sistemas linguísticos japonês e português — i.e. os sistemas matriz da variedade mista nipo-brasileira —, tornando assim possível testar os resultados do estudo dialetométrico da autora à luz da genética da variedade nipo-brasileira, por um lado, e, por outro lado, comparar os padrões geolinguísticos da variedade com os das outras variedades brasileiras que foram já sujeitas ao mesmo tipo de análise (Região Sul do Brasil e estado do Amazonas). Desse processo resulta um argumento fundamental: é necessário criar tradição de estudo do sistema linguístico nipo-brasileiro, que está sob forte pressão e tem um interesse cultural de exceção.
Language Education For CLD-Children Grown Up In Japan: Based On The Study Of Nikkei In South America
Authors: Matsuda Makiko
Published: June 2022

In Japan, the language learning environment for CLD Children is in the process of reform. Based on my research findings on South American Nikkei, the paper discusses three areas for improvement: (1) support for “translanguaging” learning according to children's attributes, (2) a shift from language knowledge learning to content-integrated language learning (CLIL), and (3) development of a reference framework for language education for children as a second language.
Building Peace in Northern Ireland: Hopes for the Future
Authors: Byrne Sean , Levasseur Karine , Reimer Laura E.
Published: June 2022

Since the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, over 2 billion Euros have been poured into Northern Ireland for peacebuilding. This article presents the hopes and experiences of workers in CSOs funded by either or both funds, development officers, and civil servants employed by the funders. They confirm that peacebuilding and reconciliation projects funded by the European Union (EU) Peace and Reconciliation Fund and the International Fund for Ireland (IFI) have positively contributed to the peace process in Northern Ireland. Civil Society Organizational (CSO) projects support peacebuilding, reconciliation, and greater cooperation between the Protestant and Catholic communities. This study explored the perceptions of 120 respondents working with these funders. They indicated that designated peacebuilding funding promotes bridging, needs to be balanced, and is important to building the peace dividend and that local knowledge, practices, and skillsets should be built into the funding process. The politics of post-Brexit Northern Ireland means that understanding how to best fund peacebuilding and reconciliation is critical. At time of writing, tensions have risen.
When a Name Gives You Pause: Racialized Names and Time to Adoption in a County Dog Shelter
Authors: Quadlin Natasha , Montgomery Bradley
Published: June 2022

Racialized names carry both penalties and premiums in social life. Prior research on implicit associations shows that racialized names tend to activate feelings of racial bias, such that people are more positively inclined toward White-sounding names than they are toward Black- and Hispanic-sounding names. But to what extent do racialized names continue to matter when they do not belong to people? In this article, we use an original data set collected over six months at a high-volume shelter where dogs are frequently given racialized names (N = 1,636). We also conducted a survey with a crowdsourced sample to gauge the racial perceptions of each dog’s name. We combine these data sets to examine how racial perceptions of names are associated with time to adoption, a meaningful outcome that captures people’s willingness to welcome a dog into their family. We find that as dogs’ names are increasingly perceived as White, people adopt them faster. Conversely, as dogs’ names are increasingly perceived as nonhuman (e.g., Fluffy), people adopt them slower. Perceptions of Black names are likewise tied to slower times to adoption, with this effect being concentrated among pit bulls, a breed that is stereotyped as dangerous and racialized as Black. These findings demonstrate the remarkable durability of racialized names. These names shape people’s behavior and their impressions of others even when they are attached to animals—not just humans.
The Perceptions of Students and Lecturers on the Use of Animals in Biomedical Science Undergraduate Education in Brazil
Authors: Matos Paula S. , Rodrigues Bruna dos Santos , de Oliveira Fernandes Thaís , Ivan de Ávila Renato , Valadares Marize C.
Published: June 2022

The use of animals in research and education is a controversial topic that has raised extensive debates. Undergraduate students ( n = 404) and lecturers ( n = 62) from biomedical science schools at the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) in the municipality of Goiânia, Jataí and Catalão, Goiás, Brazil, were asked about their knowledge and opinions on bioethics, the use and importance of animals in education, the replacement of animal use with non-animal alternatives, and the current legislation of the National Council for the Control of Animal Experimentation (CONCEA) that bans animal use in some practical classes within technical and higher education (i.e. Resolution No. 53/2021). Most students and lecturers agreed not only that animal use can contribute to education, but also that it is important to replace this animal use with innovative non-animal alternatives where appropriate. The lecturers emphasised that the replacement of animal models will be possible only with the provision of appropriate training to improve the skills of educators in their use, as well as ensuring reliable access to suitable facilities and materials.
Probation and the ethics of care
Authors: Dominey Jane , Canton Rob
Published: June 2022

Discussions of probation's values can be enriched by an appreciation of care ethics. This approach is explained with attention to its emphasis on relationships and individualisation. The implications for probation's work are explored, including its significance for the supervisory relationship, its challenges for the management of the organisation and the value of individualised approaches. Care ethics argues for practice shaped not by rules and processes, but by people and their circumstances in all their diversity. Care ethics offers a principled and effective approach to probation's work.
Analysis of Indoor Guided Pedestrian Evacuation Dynamics in Single- and Multiple-Exit Scenarios: Toward a Unified Scheme for Guide Assignment
Authors: Wang Ke , Li Yongxing , Qian Shunzhi
Published: June 2022

Indoor pedestrian evacuation processes could be significantly affected by the presence of guides, that is, safety management staff; how to assign guides properly remains a challenging task. This question is deconstructed into single- and multiple-exit scenarios for analysis in this study. The mechanisms behind the evacuation dynamics are explored via a two-layer guided pedestrian evacuation model and the corresponding guide assignment strategies are proposed. The upper layer model deals with guide assignment, where random and uniform guide assignment schemes, and a newly proposed distribution-based guide assignment scheme, are embedded, while the lower layer model controls the movement of evacuees based on a cellular automata model. Results show that there are bifurcate mechanisms governing evacuation dynamics. Only in single-exit scenarios could an increased number of guides lead to a “sharp decrease–long steady tail” tendency in total evacuation time, whereas evacuation efficiency in multiple-exit scenarios is consistent with exit use equilibrium. The three different guide assignment schemes bring about highly case-specific performances depending on the initial pedestrian distribution and the number of exits. The distribution-based guide assignment scheme is preferable in most cases, especially in spaces with a highly biased pedestrian distribution and multiple exits.