bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic Modeling of Wellbore Cleanout in Horizontal and Inclined Wells
Authors: Elgaddafi Rida , Ahmed Ramadan , Karami Hamidreza , Nasser Mustafa , Hussein Ibnelwaleed
Published: March 2021

The accumulation of rock cuttings, proppant, and other solid debris in the wellbore due to inadequate cleanout remarkably impedes field operations. This article presents a new hole cleaning model, which calculates the Critical Transport Velocity (CTV) in conventional and fibrous fluids. The study is aimed to establish an accurate mechanistic model for optimizing wellbore cleanout in horizontal and inclined wells.

The new CTV model is established to predict the initiation of bed particle movement during cleanout operations. The model is formulated considering the impact of fiber using a special drag coefficient (i.e. fiber drag coefficient), which represents the mechanical and hydrodynamic actions of suspended fiber particles and their network. The dominant forces acting on a single bed particle are considered to develop the model. Furthermore, to enhance the precision of the model, recently developed hydraulic correlations are employed to compute the average bed shear stress, which is required to determine the CTV. In horizontal and highly deviated wells, the wellbore geometry is often eccentric, resulting in the formation of flow stagnant zones that are difficult to clean. The bed shear stress in these zones is sensitive to the bed thickness. The existing wellbore cleanout models do not account for the variation in bed shear stress. Thus, their accuracy is limited when stagnant zones are formed. The new model addresses this problem by incorporating hydraulic correlations to account for bed shear stress variation with bed height.

The accuracy of the new model is validated with published measurements and compared with the precision of an existing model. The use of fiber drag and bed shear stress correlations has improved model accuracy and aided in capturing the contribution of fiber in improving wellbore cleanout. As a result, for fibrous and conventional fluids, the predictions of the new model have demonstrated good agreement with experimental measurements and provided better predictions than the existing model. Model predictions show a noticeable reduction in fluid circulation rate due to the addition of a small quantity of fiber (0.04% w/w) in the fluid. In addition, results show that the existing model over predicts the cleaning performance of both conventional and fibrous fluids.
Evaluating Casing Condition Through Integration of Multi-Finger Calipers and Ultrasonic Imaging with Casing Wear Analysis - A Hybrid Approach
Authors: Ahmed Hassaan , Khan Mohammad Rasheed , Rashid Kamran , Bari Abdul , Ali Syed Dost , Zubair Talha , Tanveer Muhammad Sohaib , Anjum Usman
Published: March 2021

Casing degradation evaluation is of prime importance to ensure well integrity system reliability and sustainability. Multi-finger calipers have been around for more than 50 years and are used to assess internal casing damage. In addition, high resolution ultrasonic imaging, introduced relatively recently, determines casing thickness by transmitting pulse-echo waveforms to initiate thickness-mode of the casing through induction of mechanical resonance. A high-profile exploratory gas well was at stake of being compromised due to fishing and cable sticking incidents in the 7-inch section. In this work, a novel combination of multi-finger caliper and ultrasonic imaging is investigated to accurately determine metal loss with assistance of hybrid threedimensional casing morphological visualizations which is then utilized to validate casing derating models and ensure well integrity.

In order to evaluate the casing condition, it was decided to run a 24-finger caliper tool and to make up for loss of coverage area, ultrasonic imaging was employed. In order to process caliper data from various fingers, a three-tier process was applied which includes finger calibration, caliper correction due to eccentricity, finger sticking, finger offset, and lastly statistical analysis was conducted to generate corrosion summary report for metal penetration computations. Next, characteristic of the casing resonance was processed to measure thickness and compared with the nominal thickness to determine metal loss percentage. Furthermore, arithmetical analysis of internal casing radius measurements from both the tools was done to ensure data reliability. Ultimately, combining the measurements, 3D descriptions were generated in order to better characterize localized damage.

A multi-physics approach led to a comprehensive characterization of in-situ casing condition. Consistency between internal radius measured by the calipers and deduced by pulse- echo arrivals was observed, improving confidence on the end-product. In the 7-inch casing section, a 40-meters interval was identified to have medium intensity grooves where the maximum penetration was computed to be in excess of 20% of the nominal pipe thickness This groove can be associated with tripping in / out operations of drill string or BHA. Also, the log results agree with the relatively higher side forces across this interval due to increased dog-leg-severity. In addition, cyclic response in radius measurements identified another zone where potential casing deformation (ovalization) near the surface was observed. Results of torque and drag simulations and well trajectory parameters were integrated with casing degradation analysis from the logs which assisted in qualifying well barrier status for the casing.
Digital Slickline: Case Studies Highlighting Impact of Real-Time Slickline and Efficiency Improvements Compared to Traditional Slickline & E-Line Interventions
Authors: Heaney Frank , Mayorov Mikhail , Savage John
Published: March 2021

Digital Slickline (DSL) using radio frequency (RF) communications has been deployed in the field since late 2016 and has completed more than 600 jobs, and 2000 runs globally. Several papers have been published outlining how DSL has been deployed for eline replacement services such as perforating, explosive and non-explosive plug setting, production logging, and various other services. What has been less discussed are the efficiencies with surface readout (SRO) downhole data during typical slickline (SL) interventions where jarring is the prominent feature. RF DSL was introduced to the market in late 2016, and since this time, the split between SL and eline replacement services has been relatively consistent at 60/40. The separation isn't unreasonable as most interventions start as SL to prepare the well, move to a diagnostic or well repair phase, and close-out with SL to bring the well back onto production. Case histories presented will outline how SRO in-situ data give operations confidence tasks were completed as planned on gas lift change-outs and non-typical functions like a smart hole finder for leak detection.

Today, we have an adequate sample size to validate the efficiency improvements deploying RF DSL compared to the traditional SL/eline intervention model. The one rig up setup off a small footprint slickline unit has proven to save multiple hours depending on the intervention complexity, and the number of eline rig up & rig down sequences eliminated. As the technology gains acceptance, the tool portfolio has continuously expanded, and we have started to leverage opportunities on traditional slickline services to minimize deferred production. Efficiency savings are well documented, but the paper will also detail the polymer-coated cable performance, with focus on breaking strength, corrosive parameters, wellbore fluid compatibility and new critical performance indicators completed before each job. We will close out by summarizing some of the newer technologies that will continue the improved efficiency theme.
Der Wert der Medien in medienpädagogischen Biografien
Authors: Swertz Christian
Published: March 2021

In biografischen Erzählungen weisen sich Menschen selbst einen Wert zu. Das ist bei Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern nicht anders. Eine Form solcher Erzählungen sind Erzählungen der Geschichte der Wissenschaft, in denen Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der Wissenschaft und damit sich selbst einen Wert zuweisen. Es wird gezeigt, dass Medien in solchen Erzählungen ein Wert für die Medienpädagogik gegeben wird und die Medienpädagogik gleichzeitig an der Erzeugung des Werts beteiligt ist. Die Produktion des Werts von Medien und der Medienpädagogik durch Medienpädagoginnen und Medienpädagogen wird abschliessend werttheoretisch reflektiert.
Medienkritik und Medienpädagogik
Authors: Niesyto Horst
Published: March 2021

Medienkritik ist ein Grundbegriff der Medienpädagogik. Die Förderung von Medienkritik ist eine wesentliche Aufgabe der Medienpädagogik in allen pädagogischen Handlungsfeldern. Seit Bestehen der Medienpädagogik als wissenschaftliche Teildisziplin der Erziehungswissenschaft gibt es Definitionsangebote zum Begriff Medienkritik und Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung und Ausdifferenzierung des Begriffs. Im Unterschied hierzu entstanden nur relativ wenige empirische Studien, die die Untersuchung von Prozessen zur Förderung von Medienkritik in medienpädagogischen Handlungsfeldern zum Gegenstand hatten. Auch in der Theoriebildung gibt es Desiderata, insbesondere im Kontext der Digitalisierung und damit verbundenen Veränderungen in der gesellschaftlichen Kommunikation, der Sozialisation, der Bildung und Erziehung. Der folgende Beitrag bietet im ersten Teil einen Überblick zu bisherigen begrifflich-theoretischen Überlegungen, zu Praxisbeispielen und zu forschungsbezogenen Studien einer pädagogisch motivierten Medienkritik. Der zweite Teil greift ausgewählte Themen aus der aktuellen Fachdiskussion auf: die Notwendigkeit einer kritischen Medien- und Gesellschaftsanalyse, die Auseinandersetzung mit normativen Fragen und dem Subjektverständnis in der Medienpädagogik. Der Beitrag plädiert dafür, Medienkritik vor allem im Kontext einer politisch-kulturellen Medienbildung alltags- und praxisnah zu entwickeln.
European standards of food safety and consumer protection
Authors: Kobzeva T.A. , Ivanov A.O.
Published: March 2021

In this work, the authors explored the concepts of «consumption» and «consumer» in the context of food safety and consumer protection. It also set out the main objectives of European consumer policy and the ways in which they can be implemented. Based on an analysis of European legislation aimed at ensuring the health, economic and legal interests of consumers, it was determined how the European Union provides a general level of legal protection in the field of consumer policy. The authors found that each member state of the European Union has an obligation to implement generally accepted norms and standards in national law, in order to ensure a high level of protection of the rights of its citizens in the consumer sphere. In addition, the article provides an explanation of the terms «food safety» and «safe food», as well as identifies the main factors for maintaining food safety for the human body. The authors analyzed the concepts, purpose and role of European standardization in the context of consolidation of the united European market; the concepts of «standard» and «European standard» are explored, as well as the main ways of their creation and use. This article also outlines the legal status of the European Committee for Standardization, its key areas of activity and its impact on the European market. In addition, the process of creating a series of international ISO standards was investigated and its purpose established. Much attention was paid to the EU-wide HACCP system, its features and benefits. The GFSI International Standards and Certification System and its individual representatives were characterized, including the Food Safety System Certification 22000 (FSSC 22000), the British Retail Consortium Global Standard for Food Safety (BRCGS) and the International Food Standard (IFS). Requirements for implementation of these standards, their purpose, features and advantages were also identified. The authors found that in order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, it is advisable to simultaneously implement several European standards, along with the HACCP system, the most appropriate of which were proposed in the article presented.
Penser L’Histoire des Médias. Review
Authors: Blavatskyy Serhiy
Published: March 2021

Penser l’histoire des Medias is the title of the latest co-authored (collective) monograph under the direction of Claire Blandin, Emmanuelle Fantin, Francois Robinet and Valerie Schafer. It is devoted to the study of media history in the West, specifically, «the historiographic and academic path it went through, but also its actuality and its perspectives».
CHEMOMETRIC STRATEGY FOR OPTIMIZATION OF AN ACID DECOMPOSITION METHOD TO DETERMINE THE MINERAL COMPOSITION IN ALMOND PULP (Terminalia catappa Linn.)
Authors: Santos Ana , Santos Liz , Santos Lorena , Silva Emmanuelle , Santos João , Brandão Geovani
Published: March 2021

In this work, multivariate optimization techniques were applied to develop an acid digestion procedure in digester block using “cold finger” as reflux system to determine minerals in almond pulp samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Two-level full factorial design and Box-Behnken design were applied to evaluate and optimize the factors involved in the acid digestion process. In both experimental designs, Function D and Function MR multiple responses were used to establish the method condition for all analytes and with greater digestion efficiency. Two apple and spinach leaves certified reference materials were analyzed to confirm the proposed method accuracy. The digestion efficiency was evaluated by residual carbon content which showed 1.32-1.77% range. The concentration values found for each element in almond pulp collected in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil in mg 100 g-1 were: 3.08 (Ca), 0.209 (Cu), 0.407 (Fe), 356 (K), 21.5 (Mg), 0.096 (Mn), 34.4 (P) and 0.289 (Zn). The developed method was simple and efficient for almond pulp mineral composition evaluation. This unconventional fruit has nutritional relevance with future application for new food recipes and pharmaceutical products formulation.
Essential Oils Obtained from Aerial Eugenia punicifolia Parts: Chemical Composition and Antiproliferative Potential Evidenced through Cell Cycle Arrest
Authors: Fernandes Yan , Matos Julia , Lima Carolina , Tardini Angela , Viera Flavio , Maia Jose , Monteiro Odair , Longato Giovanna , Rocha Cláudia
Published: March 2021

Essential oils (EOs) of the leaves of three Eugenia punicifolia specimens from two different Reservation Parks, namely Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba (EpNRP-I and EpNRP-II) and Parque Nacional da Chapada das Mesas (EpCM), in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, were extracted by hydrodistillation and investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses indicated differences between the samples. Antiproliferative EOs activity was determined for U-251 (glioblastoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI/ADR-RES (multidrug-resistant ovarian adenocarcinoma), OVCAR-3 (ovarian adenocarcinoma), HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), and HaCaT (non‑tumor keratinocyte) cell lines applying the colorimetric method using 3-(4,5-dimethyl- 2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) to determine the GI50 (50% growth inhibition) concentration. The extraction yields of the analyzed EOs were 0.58, 1.42 and 0.84%. The main constituents identified in two samples were α-pinene (49.75%), 1,8-cineole (13.77%) and α-terpineol (7.32%), and in the third sample, germacrene B (16.25%), (E)-caryophyllene (13.21%) and β-pinene (12.81%). The main GI50 results for sample EpNRP-I were noted for the U-251 (2.13 μg mL−1) and MCF-7 (6.72 μg mL−1) tumor lines. For the non-tumoral line HaCaT, the calculated GI50 was higher than the positive control comprising doxorubicin hydrochloride (13.35 μg mL−1). In addition, a flow cytometry analysis revealed that this same sample arrests the cell cycle of the MCF-7 line in the second interphase stage.
Evidencia basada en la práctica en psicoterapia: el reto en Latinoamérica
Authors: Trujillo Adriana , Paz Clara
Published: March 2021

El artículo presenta una revisión teórica sobre el paradigma de la Práctica Basada en la Evidencia y sobre el de la Evidencia Basada en la Práctica en el ámbito de la psicoterapia; se profundiza especialmente en este último paradigma y su asociación con la investigación de la efectividad en psicoterapia. Posteriormente, se contextualiza el funcionamiento de este último paradigma en los sistemas de salud y en particular en la atención en salud mental, haciendo hincapié en su aplicabilidad en la evaluación rutinaria y su potencial para contribuir al campo de la investigación en psicoterapia. Finalmente, se presentan algunas conclusiones sobre cómo promover la investigación orientada a la Evidencia Basada en la Práctica en contextos psicoterapéuticos, a partir de Redes de Investigación en la Práctica en los países latinoamericanos.
Terminación de la psicoterapia desde la perspectiva de los pacientes
Authors: Espinosa Duque Daniel , Ibarra David Alejandro , Ocampo Lopera Diana María , Montoya Linda , Hoyos-Pérez Adriana , Medina Luisa Fernanda , Tamayo Santiago , Zapata Restrepo Julieth
Published: March 2021

El aumento de la oferta de servicios de psicoterapia en las últimas décadas justifica el estudio de los elementos relacionados con su terminación, y su relación con el cumplimiento de los objetivos y la adherencia de los pacientes al tratamiento. Objetivo: identificar los factores que influyen en la terminación de los procesos psicoterapéuticos desde la perspectiva de los pacientes. Metodología: se utilizó un diseño de investigación mixto de triangulación concurrente; se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas y entrevistas en profundidad sobre el fin de la terapia. A nivel cuantitativo se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de regresión, y, a nivel cualitativo, reducción de datos, comparación constante y triangulación de la información. Participaron 137 pacientes de dos centros universitarios de atención psicológica en Antioquia (Colombia), 100 participantes respondieron una encuesta y los restantes una entrevista cualitativa. Resultados: se identificaron tres dimensiones relacionadas con la terminación de los procesos psicoterapéuticos: el cumplimiento o no de los objetivos, el tipo de atribución causal del paciente (interna o externa) y la persona que decide finalizar. La mayoría de los pacientes del estudio dejaron de asistir a psicoterapia sin cumplir sus objetivos o con un cumplimiento parcial de estos, por atribuciones externas y por decisión propia. Discusión: los aspectos institucionales, terapéuticos y de la vida del paciente tienen un rol significativo en la terminación de los procesos psicoterapéuticos. Además, se plantea la importancia de considerar en la formación de los terapeutas las características de los procesos de cierre y los diferentes marcadores asociados con la terminación prematura.
Reflexiones en torno a la pertinencia de los procesos de formación e investigación en psicología clínica en la contemporaneidad
Authors: Jaramillo Juan Carlos , Sandoval Casilimas Carlos Arturo
Published: March 2021

El cambio cultural asociado a la contemporaneidad ha traído consigo el debilitamiento de las instituciones disciplinares y la caída de los grandes metarrelatos y los valores absolutos como guías orientadoras de los sujetos. Concomitantemente, los marcos referenciales en los que la psicología clínica ha soportado la lectura e intervención de las problemáticas en salud mental son cuestionados en su vigencia y conveniencia para responder a ellas. Objetivo: analizar los procesos de formación e investigación de la psicología clínica para valorar su capacidad de responder a las problemáticas en salud mental en la contemporaneidad. Metodología: investigación de enfoque cualitativo, con perspectiva hermenéutica y técnicas de análisis documental y teoría fundamentada. Resultados: los procesos de formación en psicología clínica en EE. UU., Europa, Iberoamérica y Colombia en la contemporaneidad siguen el modelo de Boulder y sus variantes de Vail y Clinical Science, conservando las premisas ontológicas realistas y su dependencia del método clínico médico. Consecuentemente, los procesos investigativos se centran en la psicopatología y la psicoterapia, dejando rezagadas las reflexiones relativas a la contemporaneidad, las subjetividades y problemáticas emergentes de ella.
Momentos significativos en psicoterapia con niños: un estudio sobre procesos de cambio
Authors: Castrillón Osorio Leidy Carolina
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: identificar y describir momentos significativos en psicoterapia con niños para comprender el proceso de cambio en psicoterapia infantil a partir de la vivencia subjetiva de los participantes y la observación de sesiones psicoterapéuticas. Metodología: estudio de caso múltiple en el que se analizaron cuatro procesos psicoterapéuticos desde un paradigma interpretativo y con una metodología orientada al descubrimiento. Se grabaron todas las sesiones de psicoterapia, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con los distintos participantes (niños, padres y terapeutas), y se focalizó el análisis de momentos importantes del tratamiento psicoterapéutico. Resultados: el artículo expone los hallazgos en torno a los Momentos Significativos como método para el estudio del cambio y a la vez, como fenómeno comprensivo en los procesos de cambio psicoterapéutico; en este sentido ofrece un aporte metodológico y conceptual como resultado del estudio. Esta investigación sostiene que un Momento Significativo en terapia es, en esencia, un fenómeno transicional e intersubjetivo que funciona como continente y contenido del cambio psicoterapéutico. Es un fenómeno transicional porque se produce en una dimensión ambigua que involucra lo interno y externo simultáneamente; no puede definirse como una experiencia completamente objetiva ni completamente subjetiva, sino como un fenómeno que comprende ambas dimensiones. Conclusión: los Momentos Significativos funcionan como continente y contenido de los procesos de cambio psicoterapéutico: continente en tanto enmarcan, delimitan el estudio del cambio terapéutico y contenido porque ellos mismos son un proceso de cambio.
Bağlanma Kuramı Çerçevesinde Aldatma ve Boşanma
Authors: Kaya Eda
Published: March 2021

Geçmişten günümüze evlilik ilişkilerinin en yaygın çatışma sebeplerinden olan aldatma olgusu, kimi zaman ilişkinin sonlanmasına kadar gidebilen yıkıcı etkilere sahiptir. Aldatma; toplumsal, kültürel ve dinsel öğretiler ile yanlış olarak etiketlense de görülme sıklığı oldukça yüksektir. Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı aldatma ve boşanma ilişkisini Bağlanma Kuramı perspektifinden değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada önce yetişkin bağlanma stilleri ve evlilik uyumu ilişkisi ele alınmış, daha sonra bağlanma stilleri ile aldatma eğilimi ve boşanma ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Kuramsal açıdan bağlanma ilişkisi bebeğin bakımverenle ilişkisine bağlı olarak gelişmektedir. Bu bağlanma stilleri yetişkinlikte de etkisini korumakta ve yetişkin bağlanma stilleri romantik ilişkilerde dinamikleri, iletişim becerilerini ve çatışma çözüm stratejilerini belirlemede oldukça etkili konuma gelmektedir. Yetişkin bağlanma stilleri evlilikte aldatma eğilimini anlamlandırmada kilit noktalardan biridir. Ülkemizde aldatma konusuyla ilgili yapılan çalışmalar sınırlıdır ve bağlanma stilleri ile aldatma ve boşanma ilişkisini ele alan çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Çalışma, oldukça güncel bir konu olan aldatmayı bağlanma kuramı perspektifinden ele alması bakımından önemlidir. Çalışmada derlenen bulgular, evlilikte dinamikleri anlamlandırma ve çatışmalara çözüm bulma noktasında alanyazına ve uygulayıcılara izlenecek yollara ilişkin önemli bir perspektif kazandıracaktır.
Harnessing the Potential of Long Non-coding RNAs to Manage Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Bandesh Khushdeep , Masih Daisy , Bhattacharyya Nirjhar , Bharadwaj Dwaipayan
Published: March 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are functionally versatile molecules that regulate gene expression
at all levels of biological organization. RNA modulation, at the moment, has emerged as a powerful therapeutic
technique to treat human diseases. Lately, lncRNAs have been acknowledged as key players in human
metabolism and, indeed, implicated in the etiology of many common diseases other than cancers, where they
can perhaps serve as reliable markers to determine disease status or assess outcomes of an intervention. Here, in
this review, we cite examples of such lncRNAs, discuss their mechanistic role in human diseases and their genetic
association, quote potential biomarkers found in human blood, summarize the methods for therapeutic targeting
lncRNAs and examine the progress of lncRNA based drugs in clinical trials. Thus, we propose that lncRNAs
serve as both a biomarker and an effective therapeutic target with promising clinical utility to manage human
metabolic diseases.
Circulating miRNA in Atherosclerosis: A Clinical Biomarker and Early Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Sharma Ashish Ranjan , Sharma Garima , Bhattacharya Manojit , Lee Sang-Soo , Chakraborty Chiranjib
Published: March 2021

:

Atherosclerosis, which is a vascular disease, is characterized by narrowing the arteries and forming plaque inside arteries. There is a record 17.5 million associated deaths recorded annually, representing 31% of global death. It has been noted that there is an association between vascular fibrosis and atherosclerosis. The thickening of the arterial wall and reduction of the lumen diameter may cause unwarranted deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and these conditions help in the progression of many clinical diseases and pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis. Here, we reviewed the involvement of various circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the very early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. We have also tried to provide an insight into the advantages and validation of circulating miRNAs through different techniques. We have discussed different circulating miRNAs, such as miR-17, miR-17-5p, miR-29b, miR-30, miR-92a, miR-126, miR-143, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-212, miR-218, miR-221, miR-222, miR-361-5p, as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis. The insightful demonstration in this review will offer a better opportunity for the researchers and technology developers in understanding the current scenario of circulating miRNA, which could facilitate them in improving the current diagnostic technologies of atherosclerosis in clinics.
Computation and Analysis of Topological Co-Indices for Metal-Organic Compound
Authors: Zhao Dongming , Muhammad Mehwish Hussain , Siddiqui Muhammad Kamran , Nasir Muhammad , Nadeem Muhammad Faisal , Hanif Muhammad Farhan
Published: March 2021

A topological descriptor is a mathematical illustration of a molecular construction that relates particular
physicochemical properties of primary molecular structure as well as its mathematical depiction. Topological
co-indices are usually applied for quantitative structure action relationships (QSAR) and quantitative structure
property relationships (QSPR). Topological co-indices are topological descriptor which consider the noncontiguous
vertex set. In this study, we studyied some of the accompanied renowned topological co-indices: the
1st and 2nd Zagreb co-indices, the 1st and 2nd multiplicative Zagreb co-indices, and the F-coindex. By applying
structure based examinations and deductions, we discuss the earlier stated co-indices of few synthetic atomic
structures that are frequently used in clinical, synthetic, and material designing
Post Abortion Contraceptive Use and Determinant Factors in Ethiopia: A
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Cherie Niguss , Gebrie Neway , Yasin Toyeb
Published: March 2021

Background:

The World health organization’s recommendations aim to provide comprehensive
post-abortion care for all women coming for abortion services. Different investigations
have been conducted in Ethiopia reporting the prevalence and the determinant factors of post-abortion
contraception, but they lack consistency and are characterized by discrepancies. Therefore,
this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated
factors of family planning utilization among women receiving abortion services in Ethiopia.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis of published and grey literature were conducted .
The protocol was registered on PROSPERO at CRD42020162969. PubMed, Google Scholar, Science
Direct, HINARI and Cochrane Library and Google were used to review studies starting from
January 14, 2020 to March 11, 2020. STATA 14 software was used for analysis. JBI approach was
used for critical appraisal, study selection, and data extraction. The possible risk of publication bias
was examined using the Funnel plot, Begg’s and Egger’s test. Statistical heterogeneity was quantified
using Cochran’s Q and the I2 test statistic. A random effect model was used as a method of
analysis.

Result:

A total of 8236 women were involved using sixteen studies having 7 to 9 quality scores.
The pooled prevalence of family planning utilization among women receiving abortion services in
Ethiopia was 69.73% (95% CI: 63.67,75.79) .In addition, subgroup analysis showed the highest prevalence
of post-abortion contraception on Addis Ababa city Administration,79.38(95%-
CI;66.87,91.89). Counseling for contraceptive: (OR=3.48,95% CI: 1.94,6.25), and history of contraceptive
use: (OR=7.62, 95% CI: 3.28:17.69) have shown a positive association with post-abortion
family planning utilization in Ethiopia.

Conclusion:

Family planning utilization among women receiving abortion services is shown to be
less than the WHO and national recommendation. Counseling and history of contraceptive use
were found to be significantly associated with post-abortion family planning utilization in Ethiopia.
A Network Pharmacology Approach to Explore the Underlying Mechanism of Tufuling Qiwei Tangsan in Treating Psoriasis
Authors: Ma Xiaolei , Lu Yinan , Lu Yang , Pei Zhili
Published: March 2021

Background:

Tufuling Qiwei Tangsan (TQTS) is a commonly used Mongolian medicine
preparation against psoriasis in China. However, its mechanism of action and molecular targets for the
treatment of psoriasis is still unclear. Network pharmacology can reveal the synergistic mechanism of
drugs at the molecular, target, and pathway levels and is suitable for the complex study of traditional
Chinese medicine formulations. However, it is rarely involved in the application of Mongolian medicine
with the same holistic concept of traditional Chinese medicine.

Method:

In this paper, the active compounds of TQTS were collected, and their targets were identified.
Psoriasis-related targets were obtained by analyzing the differential expressed genes between psoriasis
patients and healthy individuals. Then, the network concerning the interactions of potential targets of
TQTS with well-known psoriasis-related targets was built. The core targets were selected according to
topological parameters. And the enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the mechanism of action
of TQTS. Moreover, molecular docking was performed to study the interaction between the selected
ligands and receptors related to psoriasis.

Result and Conclusion:

Eighty-five active compounds of TQTS were screened, with corresponding 270
targets, and 313 differentially expressed genes were identified. Additionally, enrichment analysis
showed that the targets of TQTS for treating psoriasis were mainly involved in multiple biological processes,
including apoptosis, growth factor response, etc., and related pathways including PI3K-Akt and
MAPK signaling pathway, and so on. Genes such as NFKB1, TP53, and MAPK1 are the key genes in
the gene pathway network of TQTS against psoriasis. The 4 main active components of TQTS have certain
binding activity with 13 potential targets, and the stability of their interaction with AKT1 is found
to be the most efficient, which indicates the potential mechanism of TQTS on psoriasis.
Concentration-dependent Effects of Dietary L-Ascorbic Acid Fortification in the Brains of Healthy Mice
Authors: Olofinnade Anthony T. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Onaolapo Olakunle J.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is concentrated in the
brain in large quantities. There have been reports that it is essential for proper brain functioning.
However, there is insufficient information on the possible effects of dietary fortification with AA
on the health of the brain.

Objective:

This study examined the effects of dietary fortification of rodent chow with AA on
neurobehaviour, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory/apoptotic markers in the
brain of healthy mice.

Methods:

Mice were randomly assigned into four groups of ten animals each. Groups were normal
control [fed rodent chow], and three groups were fed AA-fortified chow at 100, 200, and 300
mg/kg of feed, respectively, for eight weeks. Behavioural tests Open field, Y-maze, radial-arm
maze, and elevated plus maze (EPM) were carried out on day 57. Twenty-four hours after the last
behavioural test, animals were euthanised, and the brains were excised and homogenised for assessment
of brain acetylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, inflammatory
and apoptotic markers.

Results:

Ascorbic acid fortified diet was associated with concentration-dependent changes in body
weight, open-field behaviours, working-memory, and anxiety indices. Also, brain levels of
malondialdehyde, caspase-3, and TNF-α decreased, while superoxide dismutase activity, total antioxidant
capacity, and IL-10 level increased.

Conclusion:

Dietary AA fortification with concentrations up to 300 mg/kg of feed was associated
with sustained improvement in neurobehavioural and biochemical parameters in the brain of
healthy mice, reiterating additional health benefits of AA fortification beyond the prevention of
nutritional deficiencies.
Rethinking the political economy of Chinese-African agricultural cooperation:
Authors: Pepa Mariasole
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the Chinese agricultural technology demonstration centers (ATDCs) in Africa, a recent evolution of Chinese-African agricultural cooperation often recognized as a representative example of South-South cooperation. More specifically, the study observes the development of the ATDCs in Africa, through a literature review, and indicates major limitations in ATDCs research. This paper proposes a new political economy approach that accounts for place and space, which are crucial lenses for the analysis of ATDCs in Africa. The reconsideration of spatial relations takes into account the importance of the local territory, where operations are based, as an active constituent in China-Africa agricultural cooperation.

KEY WORDS: SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION, AGRICULTURE, DEVELOPMENT, CHINA, AFRICA
Perceived Impacts, Acceptability, and Recommendations for Ecological Momentary Assessment Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Qualitative Study
Authors: Acorda Darlene , Businelle Michael , Santa Maria Diane
Published: March 2021

Background

The use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to study youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) behaviors is an emerging area of research. Despite high rates of participation and potential clinical utility, few studies have investigated the acceptability and recommendations for EMA from the YEH perspective.

Objective

This study aimed to describe the perceived benefits, usability, acceptability, and barriers to the use of EMA from the homeless youth perspective.

Methods

YEH were recruited from a larger EMA study. Semistructured exit interviews were performed using an interview guide that focused on the YEH experience with the EMA app, and included perceived barriers and recommendations for future studies. Data analyses used an inductive approach with thematic analysis to identify major themes and subthemes.

Results

A total of 18 YEH aged 19-24 years participated in individual and group exit interviews. The EMA was highly acceptable to YEH and they found the app and EMA surveys easy to navigate. Perceived benefits included increased behavioral and emotional awareness with some YEH reporting a decrease in their high-risk behaviors as a result of participation. Another significant perceived benefit was the ability to use the phones for social support and make connections to family, friends, and potential employers. Barriers were primarily survey and technology related. Survey-related barriers included the redundancy of questions, the lack of customizable responses, and the timing of survey prompts. Technology-related barriers included the “freezing” of the app, battery charge, and connectivity issues. Recommendations for future studies included the need to provide real-time mental health support for symptomatic youth, to create individually customized questions, and to test the use of personalized motivational messages that respond to the EMA data in real time.

Conclusions

YEH are highly receptive to the use of EMA in studies. Further studies are warranted to understand the impact of EMA on YEH behaviors. Incorporating the YEH perspective into the design and implementation of EMA studies may help minimize barriers, increase acceptability, and improve participation rates in this hard-to-reach, disconnected population.
HOPES: An Integrative Digital Phenotyping Platform for Data Collection, Monitoring, and Machine Learning (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Xuancong , Vouk Nikola , Heaukulani Creighton , Buddhika Thisum , Martanto Wijaya , Lee Jimmy , Morris Robert JT
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

The collection of data from a personal digital device to characterize current health conditions and behaviors that determine how an individual’s health will evolve has been called digital phenotyping. In this paper, we describe the development of and early experiences with a comprehensive digital phenotyping platform: Health Outcomes through Positive Engagement and Self-Empowerment (HOPES). HOPES is based on the open-source Beiwe platform but adds a wider range of data collection, including the integration of wearable devices and further sensor collection from smartphones. Requirements were partly derived from a concurrent clinical trial for schizophrenia that required the development of significant capabilities in HOPES for security, privacy, ease of use, and scalability, based on a careful combination of public cloud and on-premises operation. We describe new data pipelines to clean, process, present, and analyze data. This includes a set of dashboards customized to the needs of research study operations and clinical care. A test use case for HOPES was described by analyzing the digital behavior of 22 participants during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Antibiotic Prescription Rates After eVisits Versus Office Visits in Primary Care: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Entezarjou Artin , Calling Susanna , Bhattacharyya Tapomita , Milos Nymberg Veronica , Vigren Lina , Labaf Ashkan , Jakobsson Ulf , Midlöv Patrik
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Direct-to-consumer telemedicine is an increasingly used modality to access primary care. Previous research on assessment using synchronous virtual visits showed mixed results regarding antibiotic prescription rates, and research on assessment using asynchronous chat-based eVisits is lacking.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the research was to investigate if eVisit management of sore throat, other respiratory symptoms, or dysuria leads to higher rates of antibiotic prescription compared with usual management using physical office visits.

METHODS

Data from 3847 eVisits and 759 office visits for sore throat, dysuria, or respiratory symptoms were acquired from a large private health care provider in Sweden. Data were analyzed to compare antibiotic prescription rates within 3 days, antibiotic type, and diagnoses made. For a subset of sore throat visits (n=160 eVisits, n=125 office visits), Centor criteria data were manually extracted and validated.

RESULTS

Antibiotic prescription rates were lower following eVisits compared with office visits for sore throat (169/798, 21.2%, vs 124/312, 39.7%; P<.001) and respiratory symptoms (27/1724, 1.6%, vs 50/251, 19.9%; P<.001), while no significant differences were noted comparing eVisits to office visits for dysuria (1016/1325, 76.7%, vs 143/196, 73.0%; P=.25). Guideline-recommended antibiotics were prescribed similarly following sore throat eVisits and office visits (163/169, 96.4%, vs 117/124, 94.4%; P=.39). eVisits for respiratory symptoms and dysuria were more often prescribed guideline-recommended antibiotics (26/27, 96.3%, vs 37/50, 74.0%; P=.02 and 1009/1016, 99.3%, vs 135/143, 94.4%; P<.001, respectively). Odds ratios of antibiotic prescription following office visits compared with eVisits after adjusting for age and differences in set diagnoses were 2.94 (95% CI 1.99-4.33), 11.57 (95% CI 5.50-24.32), 1.01 (95% CI 0.66-1.53), for sore throat, respiratory symptoms, and dysuria, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of asynchronous eVisits for the management of sore throat, dysuria, and respiratory symptoms is not associated with an inherent overprescription of antibiotics compared with office visits.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03474887; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03474887
FORMULA OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO RELEASE KINETIC STUDIES OF DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE MUCOADHESIVE BILAYER BUCCAL FILM
Authors: WINARTI LINA , LAILY AFALAH ZULFA , SARI LUSIA OKTORA RUMA KUMALA , IRAWAN EKA DEDDY , NURRAHMANTO DWI , ROSYIDI VIDDY AGUSTIAN , BARIKAH KUNI ZUAIMAH , AMELIANA LIDYA
Published: March 2021

Objective: This research aims to determine the amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and chitosan, which can produce the optimum buccal film formula and to determine the release kinetics of diltiazem hydrochloride in vitro.

Methods: The film was prepared by the solvent casting method. The formula's optimization was carried out using factorial design, which was processed using Design Expert 11.0.0 software, while the release kinetics was analyzed using the DDSolver program.

Results: The optimization results show that HPMC and chitosan (30 mg: 10 mg) is the amount of polymer that can produce the optimum formula. The buccal film formula has a swelling index of 2.92, a mucoadhesive strength of 64.40 gF, and a mucoadhesive residence time of 464 min. In vitro release study showed 97.64% release of Diltiazem hydrochloride after 480 min. The release kinetic’s of diltiazem hydrochloride follow the Korsmeyer Peppas model.

Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the prepared formulation of the buccal mucoadhesive film can be a delivery system for diltiazem hydrochloride.
ETHANOL RECOVERY FROM PROPOLIS PRODUCTION WASTE USING ADSORPTION DISTILLATION METHOD
Authors: SAHLAN MUHAMAD , YULISTIONO LINDATIANA , SASONGKO ASHADI , KHAYRANI APRILIANA CAHYA , LISCHER KENNY , PRATAMI DIAH KARTIKA
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study objective to compare two adsorbents in the ability to recover ethanol in the propolis production by-product.

Methods: Research methods include initial identification of the compound content in ethanol by-products of propolis production with GC/MS and determination of ethanol levels by GC-FID. The process of increasing ethanol content is carried out by the adsorption distillation method; the adsorbent used are synthetic zeolite 3A and white silica gel which has activated with the furnace.

Results: The result obtained from the study is the initial ethanol content 27.5%. After the ethanol recycle process using synthetic zeolite 3A 30, 60, and 90 grams, it was obtained content 82.3%, 87.1%, and 90.9%. By using 30, 60, and 90 grams silica gel, it was obtained content 72.0%, 79.2%, and 82.2%.

Conclusion: Based on these results it can be concluded that the ethanol content of the by-products of propolis production has been successfully increased by the distillation adsorption method with synthetic zeolite 3A 90 grams as the best result. The ethanol which recycling with this formulation has the characteristic odor of ethanol, which is very strong and does not has the characteristic odor of propolis.
CHARACTERIZATION AND CONCENTRATION OPTIMIZATION OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS L. MUCILAGE POWDER AS SUPERDISINTEGRANT
Authors: PRABOWO IMAM , ISKANDARSYAH  , ADRIANY RINA
Published: March 2021

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to characterize Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage (MHR) powder as superdisintegrant and to decide the optimum concentration of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.

Methods: Characterization was conducted in many tests such as organoleptic, swelling ratio, solubility, polysaccharide, viscosity, particle size distribution, flowability and compressibility index. Next, MHR powder was included in fast disintegrating tablet (FDT) domperidone formulation in several concentrations and compared with FDT domperidone formulation that using sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrant.

Results: The result of characterization of MHR powder were brownish powder, specific smell like traditional medicines, swelling ratio of 24, solubility of 0.426±0.034 mg/ml, positive polysaccharide, the viscosity of 491.33±119.44 cps (2% w/v), 4520.00±1224.42 cps (4% w/v), Dv(10) of 26.2 µm, Dv(50) of 157 µm, Dv(90) of 260 µm, Dv(100) of 380 µm, flowless, and average compressibility index of 26.75±1.79%. The optimum MHR powder concentration was 1% because the average disintegration time was 39.67±4.73 seconds and the average wetting time was 66.33±14.29 seconds. Those times were faster than domperidone FDT that used this superdisintegrant in other concentrations or sodium starch glycolate in the same concentration.

Conclusion: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage powder can be used as superdisintegrant in FDT formulation with an optimum concentration of 1%.
THE AVAILABILITY OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG IN ERA OF NHI: A STUDY IN THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE JAKARTA-INDONESIA
Authors: RESTINIA MITA , LAKSMITAWATI DIAN RATIH , ANGGRIANI YUSI , SEKOWATI YUDHA
Published: March 2021

Objective: The study was carried out to observe the impact of NHI to availability, usage, stock of antihypertensive drug enrolled in a national formulary in one of the primary health care centre in Jakarta.

Methods: A longitudinal time series design was performed retrospectively to analyse the availability, usage, and stock of antihypertensive drug. The data period was from January 2013 (1 y before NHI) to December 2015 (2 y after NHI). The Independent-Samples T or Mann-Whitney test was conducted to compare these parameters before and after NHI.

Results: We found amlodipine 5 mg and 10 mg tablet, hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg tablet, captopril 12.5 mg and 25 mg tablet, nifedipine 10 mg tablet were available in Primary Health Care. These drug were generic and tablet dosage form. The most common drug used was captopril and Nifedipine, respectively. The highest availability was diuretic hydrochlorothiazide. The availability of amlodipine 5 mg and 10 mg tablet, captopril 12.5 mg tablet increased significantly (P<0.05) after NHI was implemented. Moreover, hydrochlorothiazide decreased (P<0.05) as well. The usage of amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide risen (P<0.05) but the nifedipine decreased (P<0.05) after NHI. All stock of antihypertensive except captopril 25 mg different significantly (P<0.05) after the application of NHI.

Conclusion: This study highlights the implementation of NHI impacted the availability, usage, and stock of antihypertensive drug enrolled in national formulary.