bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variante Ómicron (BA.1) presenta menor replicación in vitro que la variante del año 2020 (B.1.1) del virus SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Palomino Rodriguez Miryam Guillermina , Hernández Peña Marcos , Huayanca Huancahuare Martin , Rios Monteza Pamela , Mestanza Millones Orson , Nuñez Llanos Alicia Elizabeth , Cabezas Sánchez Cesar , Garcia Mendoza Maria Paquita
Published: July 2022

Sr. Editor,

A dos años de la pandemia de la COVID-19, a finales de junio del 2022 los peruanos estamos enfrentando la cuarta ola causada por la variante Ómicron del virus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus). A diferencia de la primera ola de la COVID-19 en marzo del 2020, causada por el linaje viral B.1.1, la tercera y cuarta ola han sido causadas por los linajes y sublinajes de la variante Ómicron (1,2), los cuales se caracterizan por ser más transmisibles, pero causan la enfermedad menos grave y menor mortalidad, comportamiento observado durante la evolución epidemiológica de la enfermedad. Con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento in vitro en la replicación viral del linaje B.1.1, linaje de mayor frecuencia y persistencia en el tiempo durante la primera ola del 2020 (3), con el linaje BA.1 (variante Ómicron) de la tercera ola en el Perú, se comparó la replicación de 10 generaciones sucesivas de las 2 variantes (B.1.1 y BA.1), observándose que el linaje del 2020 se replica rápidamente in vitro, con alto título viral y causando daño celular, a diferencia de la variante Ómicron (linaje BA.1) que presenta replicación lenta causando leve daño celular. Este hallazgo podría correlacionar con la gravedad de la enfermedad observada en las olas ocasionadas por las mencionadas variantes, y contrasta con la capacidad de infección observada por las mismas, aunque otro factor que juega un rol importante es la protección inmune, sea por infecciones previas a lo que se suma la vacunación de la población.
Importancia del Clima laboral para el cumplimiento de los objetivos organizacionales
Authors: Davies Oré Elizabeth Estela
Published: July 2022

En la actualidad el clima laboral es uno de los factores que las empresas consideran de mayor relevancia para el logro y consecución de sus objetivos organizacionales. Asimismo, se ha venido observando con el transcurrir del tiempo el interés que las organizaciones muestran en contar no solo con personal altamente calificado en todos sus niveles jerárquicos, sino que además busca y promueve que éste haga manifiesto y uso de habilidades blandas. Son precisamente estas habilidades las que juegan un papel importante dentro de ellas puesto que aparte de originar un buen clima laboral conllevan a todo el equipo humano hacia el cumplimiento de los objetivos organizacionales. En este punto la organización debe ser muy clara y precisa al momento de informarlos y asegurarse que éstos sean claramente entendidos por el personal puesto que éstos también tienen que ser congruentes con los objetivos personales y de desarrollo de todos sus miembros.
El gran desafío empresarial: gestión estratégica y creación de valor para los clientes
Authors: Mendoza Mendives Juan Carlos
Published: July 2022

La gestión estratégica y la creación de valor para los clientes forman parte de toda empresa que busca mantenerse en el mercado, es por ello que ambas son los pilares de este gran desafío empresarial. Esta investigación está basada en el sector restaurantes, la cual tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la relación entre la gestión estratégica y la creación de valor para los clientes del restaurante Toque Marino SAC. Todo el análisis se realizó basado en un enfoque cuantitativo, aplicándose el instrumento de recolección de datos del cuestionario tipo Likert a 270 clientes, los cuales dieron su percepción respecto a la gestión estratégica que tiene la empresa y a la creación de valor para los clientes que realiza. Los resultados permitieron afirmar que existe una relación directa y significativa entre la gestión estratégica y la creación de valor para los clientes del restaurante en estudio, ya que se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman Rho=0,793; concluyéndose que tanto la gestión estratégica como la creación de valor son uno de los grandes desafíos que enfrentan las empresas, de hoy en día, especialmente los restaurantes que buscan no solo brindar un servicio de calidad sino también satisfacer las necesidades, deseos e incluso las aspiraciones de sus clientes. En ese sentido el restaurante Toque Marino SAC, que es la empresa para esta investigación, debe mejorar el resultado regular que se obtuvo en este estudio realizando, por ejemplo, la creación de un área de marketing y la personalización del servicio.
Gestión administrativa y transparencia en las intervenciones. La “Reconstrucción con cambios” post desastre natural en Cura Mori, Piura
Authors: Delgado Vera Gloría María
Published: July 2022

No existe mayor demanda ciudadana de la presencia del Estado, como cuando son situaciones de desastres naturales. Un caso ejemplar fue la devastación del distrito de Cura Mori en la región Piura, consecuencia del Fenómeno del Niño costero el 2017. La gestión administrativa del Estado es la respuesta a esas demandas a través de sus intervenciones que durante más de 4 años ha ejecutado un plan de reconstrucción. Empero, para la percepción de los pobladores de Cura Mori, la gestión pública, no ha avanzado según las necesidades y emergencias de la infraestructura básica que demanda la población. Dado ello, el presente artículo se planteó el objetivo general de determinar la relación entre la Gestión Administrativa de la Nueva Gestión Pública y la transparencia en los avances de las intervenciones para la “Reconstrucción con cambios” en el distrito de Cura Mori-Piura 2021. Investigación de tipo básica, correlacional y cuantitativa no experimental, que aplico dos encuestas a 376 pobladores de Cura Mori; una por cada variable. Los resultados demostraron, aplicando la prueba de X² de Pearson, la existencia de relación entre ambas variables. Dado que, el X² resultante (155,302) > X² crítico (21.3); además el valor de significancia (0) < α = 0.05. Ello implica un nivel de correlación de significancia bilateral del 0,05 y confianza del 5% cumpliéndose que p < ,05 (0 < ,05), evidenciando una relación positiva alta entre las variables.
Los efectos del covid-19 en el costo del flete marítimo internacional
Authors: Chiscul Padilla Miguel Angel
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo trata de los efectos causados por la pandemia del covid-19 en el costo del flete marítimo internacional debido a su excesivo incremento en su precio, el mismo que se ve plasmado en los costos de los productos o insumos que requiere los diferentes mercados con el objetivo de satisfacer sus necesidades; pues han sucedido una serie de circunstancias que han motivado que el flete marítimo internacional se vea encarecido trayendo como efecto dominó que el valor de las mercancías en las aduanas refleje dicho incremento y por ende una mayor carga tributaria motivando que se encarezcan aún más los productos, haciéndolos inaccesibles a la población de bajos recursos y que demandan con sumaurgencia alimentos, medicamentos y productos de tecnología. China es el principal país proveedor de gran parte de los productos que demanda elmundo y por ende el que requiere una mayor cantidad de contenedores, sin embargo, frente a la pandemia del covid-19 se han tomado protocolos de seguridad a fin de evitar contagio, pero se ha detectado el coronavirusen los cargamentos generando contagio en el personal de aduana, debido a ello se han incrementado más los controles sanitarios y aduaneros generando una lentitud en el despacho de los envíos, así como también que gran parte de los contenedores desplegados por todo el planeta no retornan en la misma cantidad por las medidas gubernamentales que cada nación ha adoptado a fin de salvaguardar la salud y evitar la propagación del contagio.
Importancia de la estabilización de lodos residuales para su valorización agrícola en el acondicionamiento del suelo
Authors: Meneses Solis Teofilo Eustedio , Cabrera Carranza Carlos Francisco
Published: July 2022

Se estudió la influencia de la adición de materia alcalina en el proceso de estabilización de dos lodos de aguas residuales. El incremento del PH del lodo, llevándolo a valores cercanos de doce, se debe al aumento de las adiciones de materia alcalina durante la estabilización del lodo residual. Esta técnica se utilizó para estabilizar el lodo y se le pueda dar una valorización agrícola al lodo residual. En este contexto, las características problemáticas presentes en los lodos nos conducirán a un tratamiento preliminar de los lodos residuales.
Efectos del Covid-19 en el manejo de residuos sólidos
Authors: Pariona-Palomino Jordy , Matos-Ormeño Wendy
Published: July 2022

El brote de la enfermedad por Coronavirus Covid-19, ha traído consigo efectos secundarios sin precedentes en especial en el manejo de residuos sólidos, agravándose más en países en desarrollo. El presente estudio es una revisión sistemática de la literatura. De un total de 825 publicaciones de ScienceDirect, Scopus, y Wos, se consideraron 60 artículos científicos e informes más relevantes sobre los efectos del Covid-19 en el manejo de residuos. Se evidenció un comportamiento exponencial en la generación de residuos enfocado en el uso del plástico. Las directrices emitidas por organismos internacionales y principales países afectados hacen hincapié en el uso de EPP, higiene, desinfección y rotulado de residuos, así como un sistema especial de manejo bajo estas condiciones. La literatura evidenció que los impactos del Covid-19 afectaron directamente los procesos de segregación, reciclaje y eliminación, producto de la generación y técnicas de eliminación. El tiempo de supervivencia del virus en los fómites es de pocas horas e incluso supera los siete días, siendo un problema para el manejo. Los desafíos que trae consigo la pandemia están orientados a desarrollar políticas de descentralizar el manejo, la automatización y la consideración de la desinfección química e incineración como alternativas viables de tratamiento.
Gestión sostenible del agua y la gran minería del oro en Perú
Authors: Torres Guerra Jesús Alberto , Reátegui Lozano Rolando
Published: July 2022

El artículo utiliza una metodología de investigación de tipo descriptivo, analítico, en base a una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre la gestión sostenible del agua y la gran minería del oro en Perú. Se plantea como objetivos analizar los principales problemas, sus propuestas de solución en los conflictos socio ambientales con la actividad minera del oro, que se presentan en la gestión del agua que realizan los gobiernos locales. Como resultados se encontró que entre los principales problemas que se observan tenemos, afectación de lagunas, actividad minera en cabeceras de cuenca, afectación en la calidad de agua que se usa en la zona de dominios. Y como soluciones se tiene, inspección sanitaria a los sistemas de agua, abastecimiento de agua potable con camiones cisterna. A modo de conclusión, ello refleja que la actividad minera puede establecerse en algunas zonas poniendo en peligro el abastecimiento de agua de calidad y en volumen adecuado para el consumo humano, y las propuestas de solución se plantean a posteriori, luego que el daño ya está hecho, sin que exista un ordenamiento regulador claro y con capacidad de ejercer adecuadamente el imperio de la ley, en perjuicio de las poblaciones.
Influencia de las relaciones socio-ecológicas en el riesgo de inundación pluvial en el área urbana del distrito de Puquio, provincia de Lucanas, Ayacucho, Perú
Authors: Licla Tomayro Luis Ricardo
Published: July 2022

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia de las relaciones socio-ecológicas en el riesgo de inundación pluvial en el área urbana del distrito de Puquio. Para ello primero se realizó la caracterización socio-ecológica del sistema local que comprende la identificación y valoración de sus relaciones socio-ecológicas, luego se calculó el riesgo de inundación pluvial a través del proceso de análisis jerárquico (Saaty, 1980), por último, se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman para analizar la correlación entre las variables. Los resultados establecen que existe una correlación negativa moderada de -0.554 entre las variables, lo cual indica que en las zonas de mayor crecimiento económico y desarrollo social, barrios de Ccayao y Pichccachuri, predomina un nivel de riesgo moderado, mientras que, en las zonas de menor desarrollo, barrios de Chaupi y Ccollana, predomina un nivel de riesgo alto.
Lixiviación en tanques abiertos de los arseniuros de una fundición de plomo en la Sierra Central, Perú
Authors: Rivera Del Valle Luis Américo , Aramburú Rojas Vidal Sixto
Published: July 2022

El contenido de arsénico de las emisiones gaseosas de una fundición representa un grave riesgo para la salud humana, ya que éstas se reportan en los suelos y aguas circundantes. Dentro de las operaciones de una fundición, los subproductos con alto contenido de arsénico recirculan indefinidamente en lugar de ser drenados. Con la finalidad de proporcionar una alternativa ambiental, el presente trabajo de investigación evalúa el proceso de Lixiviación Ácida Oxidativa que emplea la mezcla H2SO4 - H2O2 para disolver los arseniuros, tratamiento que debe completarse con la remoción ambiental por precipitación del arsénico como Escorodita; proceso conocido y de aceptación mundial. Los parámetros óptimos obtenidos son: 240 kg/t de H2O2, concentración de 120 g/L de H2SO4, relación L/S de 9/1 y como aportante de fierro: 170 kg/t de relave de cobre, con los cuales se logran disoluciones de 56 % de As y 90 % de Cu; elemento cuya recuperación paga el proceso.
Estudio numérico de la viga de Timoshenko amortiguada
Authors: Loayza Cerrón Julio Román
Published: July 2022

En este trabajo, hacemos un estudio cualitativo de un esquema numérico asociado al modelo unidimensional de la ecuación de la viga de Timoshenko amortiguada. El esquema resulta al aplicar el método de diferencias finitas, y obtenemos condiciones por medio del análisis de von Neumann, que nos permiten asegurar la estabilidad del esquema aproximado. También estudiamos la consistencia del esquema y concluimos, gracias al teorema de equivalencia de Lax, que el esquema numérico es convergente. Además, deducimos fórmulas para las soluciones numéricas aproximadas del modelo en estudio.
2023 Evaluation and Management Code Changes: Publication Details
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

The American Medical Association (AMA) has published the Current Procedural Terminology® 2023 evaluation and management (E/M) guidelines on their website. This guideline publication gives physicians, coders, and educators an early opportunity to prepare for compliance with the revised guidelines beginning with services provided on and after January 1, 2023. This brief article reviews related topics that will be covered in upcoming editions of the AAP Pediatric Coding Newsletter.
Percepción de la calidad de vida en para-deportistas y no deportistas chilenos con lesión cerebral
Authors: Cornejo Maria Isabel , Henríquez Matías , Herrera Felipe , Muñoz Fernando , Bernardes Nathalia , Auricchio José Ricardo , Castelli Correia de Campos Luis Felipe
Published: July 2022

La calidad de vida (CV) y la actividad física, son aspectos relevantes en la salud de la población, y este último con un impacto positivo en las personas con discapacidad. Debido a esto los objetivos de este estudio fueron comparar las características e identificar la asociación entre los dominios de la percepción de la CV entre un grupo de personas con lesión cerebral que practican fútbol, para-deportistas (PD) y personas con lesión cerebral no para-deportistas (NPD), además determinar si existen diferencias en la percepción de la CV según las diferentes clases deportivas (FT1, FT2 y FT3). El estudio se desarrolló en Chile, donde se aplicó el cuestionario WHOQOL-BREF para determinar la CV de los participantes. Los resultados identificaron una relación positiva y significativa entre los distintos dominios de la CV (p < .001, r = .44 - .67). Además, se observó una mejor percepción de la CV en los PD (p < .001, TE = 1.18, grande) en comparación con lo reportado por el grupo NPD. Por otro lado, no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre los dominios para las diferentes clases deportivas en el grupo PD. Estos datos refuerzan la idea de que la práctica deportiva influye en la participación social y en la percepción de la CV en PD con lesión cerebral. El desarrollo conjunto de los factores asociados entre la salud y el bienestar socioemocional podrían colaborar con la consolidación de la práctica deportiva y de actividad física, los cuales a su vez son beneficiosos para las personas con discapacidad tal como los plantean los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible en su agenda de trabajo provista al año 2030.
Freud's Disavowment of Adler’s Subsequent Influence on Psychoanalytic Thought
Authors: E. Watts Richard , Thorne Noah , Bluvshtein Marina
Published: July 2022

There are many different versions, two most notable, of the relationship between Alfred Adler and Sigmund Freud. Adler asserted he had never been a disciple of Freud, and Freud maintained that Adler was his follower and had broken away from him. However, the truth, much like in all things, is much more complicated. Because of political strategies and other factors, the narrative has changed over time, morphing from the original true story, that Freud and Adler disagreed about many aspects of the two theories — Psychoanalysis and Adler’s own Individual Psychology — eventually leading to Freud’s calculated disavowal of Adler in 1911. Through the careful exploration of available contemporary texts and the use of archival data, mainly from The Minutes of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society and other correspondence, Adler and Freud’s complex personal relationship and theoretical disagreements can be traced throughout the years.
PCI Standard Design Practice Ref ACI-318-02
Authors:   PCI Committee on Building Code
Published: July 2022

The PCI Building Code Committee has been working for the last several years to identify provisions in the ACI Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318) that need clarifi cation or expansion to support design practices commonly used with precast, prestressed concrete. This final document is a summary of that work and represents the second edition of this committee effort, as published in the Sixth Edition of the PCI Design Handbook. The original document, published in the January-February 2003 issue of the PCI JOURNAL, has been updated and revised to include discussions and comments from the membership and design profession in order to ensure that it represents the current design practices of the industry. Those reader comments, together with the Committee closure, appear in the November-December 2003 issue of the PCI JOURNAL.
PCI Standard Design Practice Ref ACI-318-05
Authors:   PCI Building Code Committee
Published: July 2022

PCI Standard Design Practice Ref ACI-318-05 Precast and prestressed concrete structures have provided decades of satisfactory performance. This performance is the result of the practices reported herein, conformance with ACI 318-05, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete,1 incorporation of industry-specific research programs, and a plant certification program that provides an industry-wide quality control system beyond those found in onsite construction.
PCI Standard Design Practice Ref ACI-318-08
Authors:   PCI Building Code Committee
Published: July 2022

PCI Standard Design Practice Ref ACI-318-08 Precast and prestressed concrete structures have provided decades of satisfactory performance. This performance is the result of the practices reported herein, conformance with ACI 318-08 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary, incorporation of industry specific research programs and a plant certification program that provides an industrywide quality control system beyond that found in on-site construction. Section 1.4 of the ACI 318-08 specifically allows variances when the adequacy of which has been shown by successful use or by analysis or test. Suggested changes to code provisions resulting from experience, analysis or testing can provide a point for discussion with building officials for acceptance of revised provisions within the guidance and scope of Section 1.4 of ACI 318-08.
E-commerce development opportunities and limitations from the Generation Z perspective of Poland and Albania
Authors:   Department of Management and Economics of Enterprises, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland, Kiełbasa Barbara , Tartaraj Azeta ,   Faculty of Business, University Aleksandër Moisiu Durres, Albania
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to identify challenges for the development of the e-commerce industry in Poland and Albania and to explore their directions and limitations in the opinion of young people. The study was formed by a literature review for qualitative research purposes and took an analysis approach through a survey method among students from the economic and management faculties. Respondents aged 18–30 participated in the survey from the reputedly more tech-savvy ʻGeneration Zʼ demographic group. The data obtained shows that the e-commerce industry, both in Poland and Albania, is undergoing significant changes and that the pandemic has accelerated these. Many established companies were those that trade on the Internet or offer e-services. Respondents indicated many benefits of running a business on the web; notably, the convenience of selling and lower operating costs. This form of running a business is attractive to younger people. However, they acknowledge some limitations. The most important barrier is high competition in the market and a lack of innovative ideas that would otherwise allow them to break into the market. Significantly, Albania has seen the development of its technological infrastructure, as well as the building of consumer confidence in this type of transaction. Taking into account the forecasts for e-commerce development for Poland and Albania, there is a need for up-to-date information on ways of setting up and running e-businesses. Expertise in this field is needed, as are qualified teaching and academic staff with sufficient knowledge of the evolving e-business environment.
Housing security as an indicator of the living environment
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Belarusian State Economic University, Minsk, Belarusian, Kolesnikova Irina
Published: July 2022

Housing is one of the core values that provide citizens with a sense of economic stability and security, as well as stimulate them to work productively. Housing is an important element of the quality of the living environment in Belarus. There is a problem in the republic of providing the population with comfortable and affordable housing. The identified regional differences in housing security, both between countries and between regions within the country, are due to the fact that different territories have a number of socio-economic, natural-geographical and ecological characteristics, which include: – within the country, this is the difference in the economic and geographical position of agricultural regions in terms of soil fertility for the cultivation of certain agricultural crops; radioactive contamination of certain territories of Belarus, the level of their development; – the difference between the countries is explained by different levels of social and economic development of territories, living standards of the population, differences in the development of the banking and financial and credit spheres, the industry of the regions, information transparency of the housing sector, and a number of other factors. This was confirmed using the index analysis of housing security of the population of the regions of Belarus and the cluster analysis of the aggregate of the CIS countries.
Births in the United States, 2021
Authors: Martin Joyce , Hamilton Brady , Osterman Michelle
Published: July 2022

This report presents selected highlights from 2021 final birth data on key demographic, health care use, and infant health indicators.
ON \(A^{\mathcal{I^{K}}}\)–SUMMABILITY
Authors: Choudhury Chiranjib , Debnath Shyamal
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we introduce and investigate the concept of \(A^{\mathcal{I^{K}}}\)-summability as an extension of \(A^{\mathcal{I^{*}}}\)-summability which was recently (2021) introduced by O.H.H.~Edely, where \(A=(a_{nk})_{n,k=1}^{\infty}\) is a non-negative regular matrix and \(\mathcal{I}\) and \(\mathcal{K}\) represent two non-trivial admissible ideals in \(\mathbb{N}\). We study some of its fundamental properties as well as a few inclusion relationships with some other known summability methods. We prove that \(A^{\mathcal{K}}\)-summability always implies \(A^{\mathcal{I^{K}}}\)-summability whereas \(A^{\mathcal{I}}\)-summability not necessarily implies \(A^{\mathcal{I^{K}}}\)-summability. Finally, we give a condition namely \(AP(\mathcal{I},\mathcal{K})\) (which is a natural generalization of the condition \(AP\)) under which \(A^{\mathcal{I}}\)-summability implies \(A^{\mathcal{I^{K}}}\)-summability.
MATRIX RESOLVING FUNCTIONS IN THE LINEAR GROUP PURSUIT PROBLEM WITH FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVES
Authors: Machtakova Alena I. , Petrov Nikolai N.
Published: July 2022

In finite-dimensional Euclidean space, we analyze the problem of pursuit of a single evader by a group of pursuers, which is described by a system of differential equations with Caputo fractional derivatives of order \(alpha.\) The goal of the group of pursuers is the capture of the evader by at least \(m\) different pursuers (the instants of capture may or may not coincide). As a mathematical basis, we use matrix resolving functions that are generalizations of scalar resolving functions. We obtain sufficient conditions for multiple capture of a single evader in the class of quasi-strategies. We give examples illustrating the results obtained.
A New approach to Recognize Human Face Under Unconstrained Environment
Authors: Rifaee Mustafa , Al Rawajbeh Mohammad , AlOkosh Basem , AbdelFattah Farhan
Published: July 2022

Human face is considered as one of the most useful traits in biometrics, and it has been widely used in education, security, military and many other applications. However, in most of currently deployed face recognition systems ideal imaging conditions are assumed; to capture a fully featured images with enough quality to perform the recognition process. As the unmasked face will have a considerable impact on the numbers of new infections in the era of COVID-19 pandemic, a new unconstrained partial facial recognition method must be developed. In this research we proposed a mask detection method based on HOG (Histogram of Gradient) features descriptor and SVM (Support Vector Machine) to determine whether the face is masked or not, the proposed method was tested over 10000 randomly selected images from Masked Face-Net database and was able to correctly classify 98.73% of the tested images. Moreover, and to extract enough features from partially occluded face images, a new geometrical features extraction algorithm based on Contourlet transform was proposed. The method achieved 97.86% recognition accuracy when tested over 4784 correctly masked face images from Masked Face-Net database. Keywords: Facial Recognition, Unconstraint conditions, masked faces, HOG, Support Vector Machine.
Improving the Prediction of Heart Disease Using Ensemble Learning and Feature Selection
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , D.D. Seth
Published: July 2022

Heart or cardiovascular disease is main cause of mortality. The main objective of developing the proposed model is to increase the accuracy and reliability of predicting the coronary heart disease. This paper attempts in predicting the risk of heart disease more accurately using the techniques of ensemble learning. Moreover, the techniques of feature selection and hyper parameter tuning has been implemented in this work leading to further increase in accuracy. Among the three ensemble techniques, stacking, majority voting and bagging used in this work, the improvement achieved in prediction accuracies is 2.11%, 7.42% and 0.14% respectively. Majority voting has shown the best results in terms of increase in prediction accuracies with an accuracy of 98.38%. Keywords: Heart Disease, Ensemble Learning, Feature selection, Machine Learning
Candlestick Pattern Classification Using Feedforward Neural Network
Authors: Karmelia Meilona , Widjaja Moeljono , Hansun Seng
Published: July 2022

Investment in the capital market can help boost a country’s economic growth. Without a doubt, in investing, a technical analysis of the condition of the stock is needed at that time. One of the technical analyses that can be done is to look at the historical data of stocks. Candlestick charts can summarize historical data that contain price value for Open, High, Low, and Close (OHLC) in the form of a chart. A group of candlesticks will form a pattern that can help investors to see whether the stock is trending up or down. The number of candlestick patterns and the manual determination of candlestick patterns may take time and effort. Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) is one of the algorithms that can help map the input and output of a given dataset. This study aims to implement FNN to classify candlestick patterns found in historical stock data. The test results show that the accuracy for each model scenario does not guarantee whether all patterns can be properly recognized. This is mainly caused by an imbalanced dataset and the classification process cannot be done properly. Testing with the original data has an accuracy of above 85% on each stock, but the average F1-score is below 45%. Further experiments using random under-sampling and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) result in decreased accuracy value, where the lowest is 59% in PT Bukit Asam Tbk share, and an increased average F1-score, but less than 15%. Keywords: Candlestick patterns, feedforward neural network, investment, historical data, OHLC, SMOTE, stocks.
Sex Differences in the Recognition, Monitoring, and Management of CKD in Health Care: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Swartling Oskar , Yang Yuanhang , Clase Catherine M. , Fu Edouard L. , Hecking Manfred , Hödlmoser Sebastian , Trolle-Lagerros Ylva , Evans Marie , Carrero Juan J.
Published: July 2022

Significance Statement

In this study of people with probable CKD accessing health care, we observed profound sex differences in detection, recognition, and monitoring that persisted over time: women were less likely to receive a CKD diagnosis, to visit a nephrologist, to have their creatinine and albuminuria measured, or to receive guideline-recommended therapies. Differences in comorbidity did not explain these discrepancies and were similar among high-risk groups, among patients with evidence-based indications for medications, and among patients with confirmed CKD at retesting. Efforts to improve and ensure equitable health care between the sexes could have important implications for justice and could reduce the burden of CKD.

Introduction

Reported sex differences in the etiology, population prevalence, progression rates, and health outcomes of people with CKD may be explained by differences in health care.

Methods

We evaluated sex as the variable of interest in a health care–based study of adults (n=227,847) with at least one outpatient eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 measurement denoting probable CKD in Stockholm from 2009 to 2017. We calculated the odds ratios for diagnosis of CKD and provision of RASi and statins at inclusion, and hazard ratios for CKD diagnosis, visiting a nephrologist, or monitoring creatinine and albuminuria during follow-up.

Results

We identified 227,847 subjects, of whom 126,289 were women (55%). At inclusion, women had lower odds of having received a diagnostic code for CKD and were less likely to have received RASi and statins, despite having guideline-recommended indications. In time-to-event analyses, women were less likely to have received a CKD diagnosis (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.45) and visited a nephrologist (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.48) regardless of disease severity, presence of albuminuria, or criteria for referral. Women were also less likely to undergo monitoring of creatinine or albuminuria, including those with diabetes or hypertension. These differences remained after adjustment for comorbidities, albuminuria, and highest educational achievement, and among subjects with confirmed CKD at retesting. Although in absolute terms all nephrology-care indicators gradually improved over time, the observed sex gap persisted.

Conclusions

There were profound sex differences in the detection, recognition, monitoring, referrals, and management of CKD. The disparity was also observed in people at high risk and among those who had guideline-recommended indications.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2022_10_11_JASN2022030373.mp3.
Bauschinger effect during alternating deformation
Authors: Adigamov R. R. , Andreev V. A. , Rogachev S. O. , Fedotov E. S. , Khadeev G. E. , Yusupov V. S.
Published: July 2022

The Bauschinger effect is a phenomenon of a decrease in material resistance to small plastic deformations after preliminary plastic deformation of the opposite direction, discovered in 1881. This effect is of great importance and is used, in particular, in studying the fatigue strength of materials under alternating loads. The Bauschinger effect is inherent in all metals and alloys, although it is most pronounced in steels. Therefore, it is one of the factors affecting the quality of finished metal products subjected to alternating loading during manufacture. This review analyzes the literature data on the problem of the Bauschinger effect in the case of alternating deformation of metals. Various mechanisms explaining the Bauschinger effect are briefly considered. The factors that qualitatively and quantitatively affect the Bauschinger effect are described in detail, namely the degree of preliminary deformation, composition, structure and properties of the material, deformation conditions, the phenomenon of dynamic deformation aging, and temperature. The problem of the Bauschinger effect in the case of alternating deformation of steel products is considered, in particular, in the production of oil and gas pipes of large diameter. Various methods and approaches to the evaluation and quantitative measurement of the Bauschinger effect are described; the dependence of the Bauschinger parameter on the value for residual deformation is shown. It is concluded that the Bauschinger effect plays both a positive and a negative role in the production of metal products, in particular oil and gas pipes. On the one hand, the Bauschinger effect has a negative effect, reducing the level of mechanical properties of the final product below the required one. On the other hand, it creates a certain margin of plasticity of the deformable material in the process of forming and laying pipes.
Structure and properties of high-entropy FeCoCrNiAl alloy coating
Authors: Ivanov Yu. F. , Gromov V. E. , Osintsev K. A.
Published: July 2022

The coating of a high-entropy alloy (HEA) of non-equiatomic composition was formed on a substrate of alloy 5083 using the technology of wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) in an atmosphere of pure nitrogen. Analysis of the structure, elemental composition, micro-hardness, and wear resistance of the coating/substrate system was carried out using the methods of modern physical materials science.
Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing in South Africa: Stumbling Over the First Legal Hurdle?
Authors: Gooden Amy , Thaldar Donrich W
Published: July 2022

Despite the growing popularity of direct-to-consumer genetic testing, there is minimal South African literature on the topic. The limited available research suggests that direct-to-consumer genetic testing is unregulated. However, we suggest that direct-to-consumer genetic testing is indeed regulated, and unusually so. The first step in the process – the collection of a saliva sample by consumers themselves – is unlawful on a plain reading of the National Health Act 61 of 2003 and the Regulations Relating to the Use of Human Biological Material. This is because these statutes require that certain healthcare professionals must remove saliva for genetic testing. Yet, on closer analysis, such an apparent ban on the self-collection of saliva is neither aligned with a purposive interpretation of the relevant legislation, nor would it survive constitutional scrutiny – as it impedes an individual's autonomy. It is concluded that, contrary to a plain reading of the relevant statutes, individuals can lawfully collect their own saliva for direct-to-consumer genetic testing. To provide legal clarity we recommend that the relevant provisions of the National Health Act 61 of 2003 and the Regulations Relating to the Use of Human Biological Material be amended to allow individuals to collect their own saliva samples.
Public perception of water re-use: building trust in alternative water sources in Malmesbury, South Africa
Authors: Germaine Owen  , Horman Chitonge
Published: July 2022

The recent drought in the Western Cape Province in South Africa has been marked as the worst since 1904.  The drought impacted severely on the availability of bulk water supply in many parts of the Western Cape Province, particularly the Cape Town Metro and surrounding districts. In order to alleviate water scarcity, wastewater recycling (water reuse) has been identified to have the potential to augment water supplies in the province. This paper argues that although water recycling has the potential to contribute towards alleviating water scarcity, studies have shown that public perceptions greatly influence the outcome of any water recycling scheme. The study collected data using face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions, and the application of the Story with a Gap participatory exercise. One of the key findings is that residents have to trust the municipal competencies and systems, and this can be achieved through meaningful engagement between the municipality and residents. We argue that rolling out a water reuse scheme by starting with affluent areas increases the likelihood of acceptance among low-income communities.
Recovery of enteroviruses and poliovirus in Harare sewage using the bag-mediated filtration system at the introduction of the inactivated polio vaccine in Zimbabwe
Authors: Vurayai Ruhanya  , Nicolette A Zhou  , Chipo Berejena  , George Nyandoro  , Paradzai Chibukira  , Arnold Mukaratirwa  , Kudzai Masunda  , John Scott Meschke
Published: July 2022

Environmental surveillance is a sensitive method for detecting circulating virus in the absence of clinical cases and is important for monitoring progress for poliovirus (PV) eradication. This study used the bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) to determine PV and enterovirus (EV) prevalence in sewage at the transition from oral polio vaccine type 2 (OPV2) use to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) use in Zimbabwe, and examined the correlation between environmental surveillance results and vaccination coverage of OPV. A total of 18 BMFS samples from 6 sampling sites were analysed for the presence of EV and PV via direct RT-qPCR, direct ITD (intratypic differentiation), and the WHO algorithm. EV prevalence in Harare wastewater was 88.9% (16/18) using direct RT-PCR, 61.1% (11/18) using direct ITD, and 77.8% (14/18) using the WHO algorithm. Of the 18 samples analysed using the WHO algorithm, 10 samples (55.6%) were positive for Sabin-like PV type 3 (SL3). Of these 10 samples, 2 were also positive for non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV), resulting in a total of 6 (33.3%) samples positive for NPEV and 4 negative. The sensitivity of isolation in detecting EVs in sewage was 92.9% when comparing direct RT-qPCR results to the WHO algorithm. Using direct ITD, two high-density, low-income sampling sites were negative for SL3 and one low-density, high-income sampling point was negative for SL3 using the WHO algorithm. There was a strong association between relative EV concentration and the number of OPV3 vaccine recipients (r = 0.8590; p = 0.0284) in sampled areas. This study demonstrated the ability of BMFS to detect PVs circulating in Harare wastewater at the beginning of the OPV–IPV switch and can be used to monitor potential reintroduction of wild PV or vaccine-derived PVs from endemic areas.
Seasonal and interannual variability of residence time and total phosphorus in a small hypereutrophic lake in the Brazilian northeast
Authors: Sofia MG Rocha  , Maria de JD Rocha  , Germário M Araújo  , Helena Becker  , Iran E Lima Neto
Published: July 2022

This study evaluates the residence time (RT) and total phosphorus (TP) in a small hypereutrophic lake in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. The results indicate that RT predicted by a complete-mix model is very similar (R² = 0.83) to that simulated with a 2-D hydrodynamic model (CE-QUAL-W2). Simple power-laws were fitted to describe RT and TP concentration at the lake inlet as functions of lake inflow, yielding correlations of R² = 0.84 and 0.70, respectively. The combination of these correlations with a complete-mix approach provided a comprehensive model that predicted TP values measured at the lake outlet reasonably well (R² = 0.60). In addition, a direct empirical correlation between simulated TP concentration and precipitation was also obtained. The simulations indicate a nearly periodic behaviour of RT and TP, with the seasonal variations being much higher than the interannual ones. Finally, an application of the model showed that a reduction of 99% of the input TP load was required to reach 100% compliance with the required water quality standards; this could be achieved by connecting the residences to the sewage network. The methodology proposed in this research can be easily applied to other lakes in the Brazilian northeast and extended to other tropical regions around the globe.
Experimental investigation of the discharge coefficient of labyrinth weirs with asymmetric cycles
Authors: Hossein Elahifar  , Omid Tayari  , Najme Yazdanpanah  , Mehdi Momeni
Published: July 2022

This  study investigated the discharge coefficient in asymmetric rectangular labyrinth weirs. A dimensional analysis was carried out which showed that the discharge coefficient is a function of dimensionless parameters, such as the ratio of asymmetric widths of left and right cycles (wL/wR), the ratio of the total hydraulic head to the weir height (Ht/P), and the weir length ratio (B/wavg). The experimental results for the discharge coefficient were found to decline as wL/wR increased or B/wavg decreased. For wL/wR = 1.19, the ratio B/wavg = 2.76 improves the discharge coefficient by nearly 12.7% compared to B/wavg = 3.1. For wL/wR = 1.42, the ratio B/wavg = 2.76 improves the discharge coefficient by nearly 34.2% compared to B/wavg = 3.1. For wL/wR = 1.70, the ratio B/wavg = 2.76 improves the discharge coefficient by nearly 30% compared to B/wavg = 3.1.
Improving water use efficiency and biomass in maize, foxtail millet, and bitter vetch by wick irrigation
Authors: Hassan Heidari  , Zhaleh Zarei  , Kazhal Mohammadi
Published: July 2022

Water is one of the most important environmental factors in agriculture. Drought annually damages agricultural products. This loss can be reduced by some strategies. Pot and field experiments were conducted to assess the effect of wick irrigation on growth, yield and water use efficiency of maize, foxtail millet, and bitter vetch. Irrigation treatments included wick and surface irrigation (control) methods. Results of the pot experiment showed that wick irrigation had higher total fresh weight, total dry weight, and water use efficiency as compared to surface irrigation in both foxtail millet and bitter vetch. In foxtail millet, wick irrigation also had higher leaf to stem ratio, plant height, leaf relative water content and leaf area compared to surface irrigation. Results of the field experiment showed that wick irrigation increased specific leaf weight, water use efficiency, stem diameter, leaf fresh weight, total fresh weight, leaf dry weight, total dry weight, and leaf to stem ratio, but had similar fresh and dry stem weight and plant height compared to surface irrigation in maize. It is likely that the reduction in surface evaporation, reduced water consumption, and increased dry matter resulted in increased water use efficiency in wick irrigation. Overall, wick irrigation had higher water use efficiency, biomass, and plant growth compared to surface irrigation in maize, foxtail millet and bitter vetch.
Héber betűkkel magyarul
Authors: Fajt Anita
Published: July 2022

Tanulmányomban Daniel Klesch két eddig kiadatlan levelét közlöm, amelyeket 1677 nyarán küldött a császári udvari könyvtár vezetőjének, I. Lipót császár bizalmasának, a történész-tudós Peter Lambecknek. A forrásközlésekhez tartozó tanulmányban a levelek nyelvfilozófiai és poetológiai elágazásait vizsgálom meg részletesebben. Az iglói lelkész már németországi száműzetéséből küldte leveleit nyilvánvalóan azzal a céllal, hogy beférkőzzön Lipót császár kegyeibe és elnyerje a Comes Palatii Caesarei palotagrófi címet. A tárgyalt levelek nem ismeretlenek a magyar irodalomtörténet-írás számára, de több velük kapcsolatos, eddig megválaszolatlan kérdést is sikerült tisztáznom, és ami a legfontosabb: a levelekkel küldött nyomtatványokat is sikerült beazonosítanom. A lelkész Lambecknek több költői kísérletéről is beszámol: arról, hogy héber betűkkel magyar szöveget ír le és egyes antik versformákat VIII. Orbán pápa nyomán ültet át németre. Ezekről a próbálkozásokról eddig csak tudomásunk volt, de a források maguk mostanáig nem voltak a kezünkben. A tanulmányban részletesen elemzem Klesch immár előkerült latin és német alkaioszi és pindaroszi ódáit, és szembesítem azokat a kortárs német poétikai gyakorlattal. Ebbe a dimenzióban helyezve Klesch kijelentéseit és szövegeit, egyértelműen megállapítható, hogy szerzőnk új utakon járt, mivel nem a már létező német nyelvű gyakorlathoz csatlakozott, hanem VIII. Orbán pápa latin metrumait, és azokon keresztül az antik hagyományt igyekezett német nyelven megszólaltatni. Klesch egyik nyomtatványában egy héber betűkkel lejegyzett magyar verset is küldött Lambecknek. Ez egy olyan művelődéstörténeti kuriózum, amire nem találunk példát a 17. századi magyar irodalomban, ennek megfelelően ezzel a szöveggel és nyelvelméleti hátterével is részletesebb foglalkozom.
„A gondolatai is ferencjózsefben jártak”
Authors: Ujvári Hedvig
Published: July 2022

Beer Ágost zenekritikus a morvaországi (csehországi) Iglauban (Iglón) született 1853-ban, más források szerint 1850-ben. Családjáról annyi tudható, hogy többen lehettek testvérek, akik Bécsben (Sigmund Beer gyáros), Hamburgban, Berlinben és Bernben telepedtek le. Beer Ágost előbb orvosnak készült, de szívesebben foglalkozott zenével. Bécsben, a zeneakadémián Eduard Hanslick tanítványa volt, és zenepedagógusként működött. Nagybátyja, Schuschny Jakab pesti főkántor révén került Budapestre 1877-ben, ahol negyven éven át elsősorban zenekritikusként tevékenykedett, de zongoraórákat is adott. Szakíróként először Bródy Zsigmond Neues Pester Journal című lapjának dolgozott, majd Max Schütz halálát követően, 1888-tól élete végéig, 1915-ig a Pester Lloyd műbírálója volt. A zenebírálathoz „speciális tudás kell, s kevesen vannak, akik ezzel rendelkeznek. A magyar zene szerencséjére van ilyen is néhány. Beer Ágost, a speciálisan zenebíráló tisztában van a zenetudománnyal. Ítélete mélyreható és súlyos.”