bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Groundwater Quality Near E-Waste Dumpsites in Lagos, Nigeria: A content analysis of two dumpsites from Alaba and Olusosun
Authors: Ojiyovwi Okorhi Johnson , Fatunsin Oluwatoyin Tirenioluwa , Olayinka Kehinde
Published: June 2024

E-waste recycling in Lagos, Nigeria is predominantly informal, involving manual dismantling and open burning, leading to groundwater contamination, threat to health and the environment. This study assessed electronic waste (e-waste) disposal in Lagos at two dumptsites. The results confirmed high level dangerous contaminates of cadmium, nickel, and other metals exceeding WHO limits at both Alaba and Olusosun dumpsites. Water quality analysis revealed 75% of samples were unfit for drinking, posing perilous risks to the biosphere. The study identified five policy barriers hindering effective e-waste management in the study area. These shortcomings contributed to six negative environmental and social impacts. To address these issues, the research proposes seven policy options for implementation in Lagos, aiming to create a more sustainable e-waste management system.
Structure and function of a ligand-free GPCR-Gαβγ intermediate complex
Authors: Ye Libin , Bi Maxine , Wang Xudong , Wang Jinan , Xu Jun , Sun Wenkai , Adediwura Victor Ayo , Miao Yinglong , Cheng Yifan
Published: June 2024

Unraveling the signaling roles of intermediate complexes is pivotal for G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) drug development. Despite hundreds of GPCR-Gαβγ structures, these snapshots primarily capture the fully activated complex. Consequently, the functions of intermediate GPCR-G protein complexes remain elusive. Guided by a conformational landscape visualized via 19F quantitative NMR and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we determined the structure of an intermediate GPCR-mini-Gαsβγcomplex at 2.8 Å using cryo-EM, by blocking its transition to the fully activated complex. Furthermore, we presented direct evidence that the intermediate complex initiates a rate-limited nucleotide exchange without progressing to the fully activated complex, in which the α-helical domain (AHD) of the Gα is partially open engaged by a second nucleotide. Our MD simulation supported the pose of the AHD domain. These advances bridge a significant gap in our understanding the complexity of GPCR signaling.
Extracellular and Intracellular Concentrations of Manganese and Molybdenum in Men’s and Women’s Football Players During a Season
Authors: Toro-Román Víctor , Grijota Francisco Javier , Maynar-Mariño Marcos , Campos Amalia , Martínez-Sánchez Almudena , Robles-Gil María C.
Published: June 2024

Physical training induces modifications in the concentrations of trace mineral elements. However, studies exploring sex-related differences in manganese (Mn) and molybdenum (Mo) levels among athletes are scarce. This study aimed to: a) analyse changes in plasma, urine, erythrocyte, and platelet Mn and Mo concentrations throughout a competitive season in men’s and women’s football players, and b) investigate sex-based discrepancies. A total of 46 football players (22 men: age; 20.62 ± 2.66 years; height; 1.76 ± 0.061 m; weight; 71.50 ± 5.93 kg and 24 women: age; 23.21 ± 4.11 years; height; 1.65 ± 0.06 m; weight; 59.58 ± 7.17 kg) participated in the study. Three assessments were conducted throughout the competitive season. Data were collected on anthropometry, body composition, nutritional intake, physical fitness, female hormones, haematology, and the determination of Mn and Mo in different biological compartments. Regarding Mn, significant sex differences were observed in plasma, urine, and erythrocyte concentrations (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant variations were observed throughout the season in all analysed biological compartments (p < 0.05). Regarding Mo, significant sex differences were reported in plasma concentrations (p < 0.05). Similarly, there were variations throughout the season in all analysed biological compartments (p < 0.05). Plasma, urine, erythrocyte, and platelet Mn and Mo concentrations could change during a competitive season in football players. On the other hand, sex differences could exist in plasma, urine, and erythrocyte Mn concentrations in football players.
A purified membrane protein Amuc_1098 from Akkermansia muciniphila blunts acute pancreatitis by modulation of intestinal flora and glycerophospholipid metabolism
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Zhang Ruilin , Zhao Liangtao , Li Jiacong , Wang Jiaju , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xiao Liuxiang , Chen Kuiyuan , Li Jinyang , Lin Wei
Published: June 2024

Amuc_1098 is a membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila. In this study, we investigated how Amuc_1098 affects acute pancreatitis (AP) in mice induced by caerulein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Treating mice with Amuc_1098 (3 μg, i.g.) for 20 days before caerulein and LPS injection reduced pancreatic injury and lowered serum amylase and lipase levels. Amuc_1098 supplementation reduced proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in spleen and pancreas by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. It also decreased Ly6C+ macrophages in the spleen and pancreas of AP mice. Amuc_1098 pretreatment reversed declined tight junction proteins in the colon of AP mice. Glycerophospholipid metabolism was significantly increased in patients and mice with AP. We further demonstrated that oral administration of Amuc_1098 reduced glycerophospholipid metabolism enrichment mediated by intestinal flora. These results provide new evidence that Amuc_1098 lessens the severity of AP through its anti-inflammatory properties with a reduction of macrophage infiltration in spleen and pancreas, an elevation of tight junction proteins in the colon, as well as its regulation of the composition of intestinal flora and glycerophospholipid metabolism.
A Push-out Bond Strength Study and Interface Analysis of New Porous Titanium Dental Post Luted with Resin Cement
Authors:   School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Alhajj Mohammed Nasser , Ariffin Zaihan ,   School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Ab-Ghani Zuryati ,   School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Johari Yanti ,   School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Naito Yoshihito ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan, Jaafar Mariatti ,   School of Materials and Mineral Resources, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to compare the push-out bond strength (PBS) between a new porous titanium post (PTP) and other marketed dental posts cemented with two types of dual-cure resin cement. A total of 96 extracted single-rooted human teeth were recruited. Four types of dental posts (n = 24 each), namely: stainless steel post (SSP), commercially-pure titanium post (CTP), fibre glass post (FGP), and PTP were cemented with two types of resin cements (RelyX U200 and ParaCore) and then sectioned at coronal and middle root levels. The specimens were subjected to a PBS test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The interface analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. PBS recordings showed that the highest PBS mean value in RelyX group was 2.68±1.10 MPa for PTP. The differences in PBS between PTP and SSP and FGP were not significant (p = 0.098 and p = 0.075, respectively). The null hypothesis for RelyX group at both coronal and middle sections of the root was retained (p > 0.05). No failure at the post-cement interface was found in the PTP group, which was founder superior over the other posts (no gap for this interface was observed). The PTP showed similar bonding strength and adhesion to the other tested posts when using RelyX U200 cement. The PTP can be considered a new alternative option for the dental post system.
Facial Anthropometry and Aesthetic Preferences in Malay Women: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Centre of Studies for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Tan Su Keng , Hussien Nurul Fatihah ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Mohd Yunos Nurhaifa Adlina ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Mah Michelle Clare ,   Centre of Studies for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Zwahlen Roger Arthur ,   Viceprimario, Unit of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Ospedale Regionale Lugano, Civico, Via Tesserete 46, 6903 Lugano, Switzerland
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to explore the relationship between Malay females’ facial attractiveness with golden ratio, neoclassical canons, “ideal” ratios and “ideal” angles; and to compare self-perceived facial attractiveness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Malay females with different skeletal patterns. Sixty-four young Malay female participants each completed a set of self-administered questionnaires and have five facial photographs taken. The self-assessed satisfaction with facial appearance and HRQoL were compared between participants with different dentoskeletal patterns. Seventy-seven facial anthropometry parameters related to the golden ratio, neoclassical canons, ideal ratios and ideal angles were measured. Subsequently, 15 sets of photographs representing different skeletal patterns were randomly selected. A panel of juries evaluated facial attractiveness using a 7-point Likert scale. The correlation between facial attractiveness and measured parameters was studied. Results indicated that mean rank FACE-Q Rasch scores of participants’ self-rated satisfaction on their facial appearance and HRQoL were not significantly different statistically (p = 0.06–0.81) between Class I, II and III. One hundred and eighty juries (mean 24.33±3.82 years old) were recruited. No statistically significant correlations found between facial attractiveness rated by juries and measured parameters related to the golden ratio (r = –0.47 to 0.36; p = 0.08 to 0.98), neoclassical canons (r = –0.27 to 0.43; p = 0.11 to 0.96), ideal ratios (r = –0.32 to 0.47; p = 0.08 to 0.96) and ideal angles (r = –0.23 to 0.28; p = 0.31 to 0.92). In conclusion, the study found that the golden ratio, neoclassical canons, ideal ratios, and ideal angles were not found to be correlated with the facial attractiveness of Malay females. Therefore, these guidelines should be used with discretion during treatment planning and outcome assessment for this specific ethnic group.
Idiopathic Osteosclerosis among UiTM Dental Centre Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Azhar Afiqah , Ahmad Yusof Nur Aini ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Suparman Mohd Kherman ,   Centre of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Reduwan Nor Hidayah ,   Centre of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Medicine Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: June 2024

Idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) represents asymptomatic radiopaque masses within the jaw. IO is commonly found as an incidental finding in panoramic radiographs. The purpose of the present study is to determine the prevalence of IO among Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Dental Centre patients and to investigate the radiographic parameters of IO located in the maxilla-mandibular region. Panoramic radiographic images of patients attending UiTM Dental Centre from 2016 to 2020 were examined. Parameters such as gender, age, site, shape, size, and association with tooth were evaluated. The data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 27. Pearson chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between the parameters. IO was identified in 108 (9.67%) out of 1,117 panoramic radiographic images that were reviewed. There was a slightly higher prevalence of IO in female patients with 58 (53%) over male patients. Most of the radiographically identified IO were located in the posterior mandibular region, constituting 83% of the cases. Pearson chi-square test revealed a significant relationship between size and gender (p-value < 0.05). Significant associations were found between site and gender and association with tooth and foci (p-value < 0.01). The prevalence of IO among UiTM Dental Center patients was observed to be low at 9.67%. There was a higher occurrence of IO in female patients compared to males, and the posterior mandibular region emerged as the most common site where IO was radiographically identified. The accurate radiographic identification of IO is essential for providing a precise diagnosis and formulating an appropriate treatment plan.
Disentangling the influence of CSR initiatives on the performance of banking institutions
Authors: M. Anwarul Islam K. , Islam Farhana , Hasan Zulfiqar
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigate the effects of different corporate social responsibilities (CSR) on the organizational performance of the banking sector. The target population of this study was bank employees working at various bank branches in Bangladesh. In this investigation, the data gathering procedure was conducted utilizing a Google Form distributed via email, accompanied by a cover letter, to facilitate participation among bank employees. The study collected data from the current bank employees of several banking institutions in Bangladesh. They were sent a survey invitation to participate, and after their approval, their responses were gathered. A five-point Likert scale was used to determine the item-wise questionnaire, with ‘1’ indicating ‘Strongly Disagree’ and ‘5’ indicating ‘Strongly Agree’. The final sample size was 263. Moreover, to evaluate the hypothesis, a 5% significance level and SPSS software were used to analyze the data for research purposes. The outcome of this study shows that internal and external CSR activities have a positive and significant impact on the organizational performance development of Bangladesh’s banking sector. These factors can account for 52.70% of the variability observed in forecasting the performance of bank organizations. External CSR initiatives (β = 0.318; t = 5.937) have the highest effect on a bank’s performance. Additionally, a substantial correlation coefficient (r = 0.436) is present between internal CSR and bank performance. This study might provide significant clues to the management committees of the banking sector that can severely influence a bank’s performance development.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de aids em jovens brasileiros sob a ótica do conceito vulnerabilidade
Authors: Moreira Anderson da Silva , Da Silva Lavínia Helena Rufino , Peixoto Thatiana da Fonseca , Santos Isaías Vicente , Bernardo Thaís Honório Lins , De Carvalho Mariana Kissia Santos Lins , Moura Licetti Mirana , Moreira Rossana Teotonio de Farias
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos jovens brasileiros diagnosticados com a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (aids) entre os anos de 2017 e 2021 sob a ótica do conceito de vulnerabilidade em saúde. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico do tipo descritivo, retrospectivo e com abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizado o cálculo da Taxa de Detecção de aids na população jovem por ano de notificação e de Razão por Sexo. Foi verificado e calculado a frequência absoluta e a porcentagem para cada variável estudada. O presente estudo identificou que o número de casos de aids notificados foi expressivo, sendo as regiões Sudeste e Nordeste as que apresentaram maiores porcentagens. A região Sul exibiu a maior Taxa de Detecção nos anos de 2017, 2019 e 2020, assim como a região Norte em 2018 e 2021. A maioria dos jovens presentaram faixa etária entre 25 e 29 anos, eram do sexo masculino, de cor parda e possuíam ensino médio completo, observando a contribuição da vulnerabilidade individual, social e programática neste perfil. Ainda, notou-se que muitos casos notificados correspondiam a pessoas diagnosticadas em anos anteriores e que o tipo de exposição sexual foi semelhante entre homossexuais e heterossexuais. Conclui-se que a vulnerabilidade individual, social e programática colabora para a manutenção deste perfil característico, sendo crucial a elaboração e a reestruturação das políticas públicas vigentes para que alcance as demandas atuais dos jovens brasileiros, especialmente, os que se encontram em situações de maior suscetibilidade quando relaciona-se aos três aspectos da vulnerabilidade em saúde.
New York Dada Seramiğine Bir Bakış Beatrıce Wood’un Sofistike İlkelleri
Authors: Kılınç Sevgi
Published: June 2024

Amerikalı sanatçı Beatrice Wood, New York Dada seramiğinin önemli bir temsilcisi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yapılan Türkçe literatür taramalarında sanatçı hakkında yeterince kaynağın ve bilginin olmaması böyle bir çalışmanın yapılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bu araştırma sanatçının Sofistike İlkeller adını verdiği seramik heykel eserlerini ele almaya yöneliktir. Kısmen biyografi kısmen de analiz niteliğindeki çalışmanın kapsamında, Wood’un kadın bir sanatçı olarak kendine biçtiği rolün, sanatsal pratiklerinin ve estetik anlayışının üzerinde durulmuştur. Sanatçının Sofistike İlkeller serisinden seçilmiş yedi adet örnek üzerinden eser analizi yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu heykellerin biçimleri, yapılış amaçları ve verilmek istenen mesajlar yorumlarla desteklenerek aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç bölümü ile tamamlanan araştırma, sanatçının bu heykeller aracılığıyla kadınlar hakkındaki toplumsal normlara karşı vermek istediği mesajları içermektedir. Araştırmada yer verilen bilgilerin ve elde edilen sonuçların seramik alanı başta olmak üzere plastik eser yaratan sanat alanları için faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Heraclitus, Rivers and Ecosystems
Authors: Attfield Robin
Published: June 2024

Heraclitus is interpreted not as holding that rivers exist only on a momentary basis, but as holding that the basis of their identity is problematic. The identity of rivers is discussed through examples, including cases where the identity of rivers depends on the inclusion of one or more of their tributaries, or of none at all. The family-resemblance approach cannot answer questions about the sameness of rivers, answers to which remain far from clear. This may seem unimportant, except that rivers are agreed to be ecosystems, which some hold to have a good of their own and therefore to have moral standing. But the loose nature of their identity, as articulated when the concept of ecosystem was introduced by Sir Arthur Tansley, belies this view. Besides, "the Amazon" matters (enormously) because it is an endangered regional system, liable to morph into a savannah, and thus to trigger a domino effect among other regional systems; this is quite different from an ecosystem consisting of one particular river (or part thereof), or even of its watershed.
PRÉ-FABRICAÇÃO EM PROJETOS DE ESPAÇOS COMPACTOS VOLTADOS PARA TURISMO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Caluete Neto Plácido Fernandes , Arruda Amilton José Vieira
Published: June 2024

A construção pré-fabricada vem se tornando uma grande alternativa ante as demandas do mundo contemporâneo, sobretudo quanto às questões de sustentabilidade e eficiência construtiva, em comparação aos sistemas tradicionais. Seu emprego mundo afora, especialmente em países desenvolvidos, tem se consolidado ao longo das últimas décadas como uma importante estratégia no caminho do desenvolvimento sustentável, fazendo do sistema uma excelente opção para a redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa na atmosfera, sobretudo quando combinado com o uso de materiais construtivos com baixa emissão de carbono. Nesse contexto, o emprego do sistema construtivo para a criação de micro-habitações emerge da aproximação entre as disciplinas de design e arquitetura, especialmente pela escala desses artefatos, e tende a recomendar a união entre biofi lia e bioinspiração como pressupostos projetuais eficientes, principalmente no âmbito de projetos voltados para o turismo sustentável. Assim, o presente artigo propôs um breve levantamento desse tipo de aplicação, no sentido de orientar a concepção projetual em busca de soluções que possam utilizar a biomimética e o design biofílico como caminhos eficientes para a criação de tais artefatos, a fim de promover estratégias que possam contribuir para a concepção do espaço edificado de forma inovadora e sustentável.
As contribuições de Peregrino da Silva para a gênese da Ciência da Informação
Authors: Vignoli Richele Grenge
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study is to highlight that the Brazilian historical perspective of Information Science can be understood through the efforts of librarian Manuel Cícero Peregrino da Silva from 1898 onwards and his actions in Librarianship, Bibliography and Documentation. These actions were crucial for what would become Information Science in Brazil, years later. The research also brings notes about the perspective of creating Information Science in Brazil from the development of the first Postgraduate Program in Information Science in the country and the life of Peregrino da Silva. The research is characterized as a bibliographic and exploratory study with a qualitative approach. The importance of the history of Brazilian Information Science is highlighted in considering the efforts of Peregrino da Silva and other professionals. Despite being fundamental, Brazilian Information Science does not emerge only from postgraduate studies in the country, it is necessary to recover its historical training antecedents. With marked relevance, Information Science has grown in training, theory and application, but even so, it is necessary to continue in the search for its scientificity and appreciation of its history.
Resting Energy Expenditure in Sudanese Children with Sickle Cell Anemia and
Its Relation to Severity Score: A Case Control Study
Authors: Awad Tasneem A , Alawad Azza O , Merghani Tarig H
Published: June 2024

Background:

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) poses significant metabolic challenges in affected individuals, yet the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR)
and disease severity remains underexplored, particularly in Sudanese pediatric populations.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to investigate the RMR and its correlation with disease severity scores and treatment with hydroxyurea in Sudanese
patients with sickle cell disease.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a case-control study on 100 individuals aged 3-18 years, with 50 having SCA and 50 forming the healthy control group. RMR was
computed using the Harris-Benedict formula, the World Health Organization equation, and the Buchowski formula. Severity scores were
determined using a SCA Scoring System.

Results:

The mean age for the control group (9.52 ± 4.35 y) was similar to that of the SCA group, whether receiving or not receiving hydroxyl-urea (9.44 ±
4.164 and 9.68 ± 4.534, respectively (p=0.980). The resting metabolic rate (RMR) in the case group was significantly lower compared to the
control group when using the Harris-Benedict and WHO equations (p = 0.004 and 0.001, respectively). A notable difference in RMR was observed
between the case group (using the Buchowski formula) and the control group (using the Harris-Benedict equation) (p = 0.006), but not with the
WHO equation (p = 0.054). Treatment with hydroxyl-urea was significantly associated with low severity scores among the SCA patients (p<
0.001).

Conclusions:

The elevated RMR levels among Sudanese SCA patients compared to healthy subjects can be shown when calculated with the Buchowski formula
but not with the other standard equations designed for healthy individuals.
Implementation of carbon accounting in green buildings at the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR)
Authors: Yusuf Amiruddin , Atmini Sari , Amirya Mirna
Published: June 2024

This research aims to describe the implementation of carbon accounting in green buildings in the Ministerial Building of the Ministry of PUPR. This research explores more deeply how carbon accounting practices can be applied and provide benefits in efforts to reduce emissions in green buildings. This study used qualitative research methods. This research uses a case study approach as an in-depth qualitative methodology. The location of this research is the Ministerial Building of the Ministry of PUPR which is located at Jl. Pattimura No. 20 South Jakarta. For the validity of this research data, researchers used triangulation techniques. The results of research on the implementation of carbon accounting and the amount of carbon produced in the Ministerial Building of the Ministry of PUPR, namely the amount of carbon accounting from electricity use in 2023 was recorded at 1,829.3 tonco2e, the amount of carbon accounting from water use in 2023 resulted in carbon accounting of 8.07 tonco2e, the implementation of reduction Carbon emissions and the intensity of building use cause an increase in emissions in the 2019-2023 period. Trend analysis of carbon emissions from water use peaked in 2013 at 10,556 kgco2e.
As Campanhas de Alfabetização durante a Revolução portuguesa de 1974-1976
Authors: Esteves Eduardo , Martins Misael , Santos Guilherme
Published: June 2024

With historical antecedents and a background that exceeds their direct validity, the adult literacy campaigns underway during the Portuguese Revolution of 1974-76 were structured around an axis of two opposing poles: that of "literacy", of a more centralised nature, and that of "popular power", which tended to be more fluid. The internal differences within this heteroclite "literacy camp" reflected the wider disputes in Portuguese society in the field of education. Adapting Paulo Freire's literacymethod, these campaigns brought rural populations and intellectualised urban youth into contact, inexorably transforming educational practices in Portugal.
A deliktuális felelősség joggazdaságtana
Authors: Szalai Ákos
Published: June 2024

Másképpen viselkednek-e az emberek, ha a másoknak okozott károk esetén a felelősségüket másképp ítélik meg? Megváltoznak-e a döntéseik, ha a joggyakorlat más elvek szerint ítéli meg azt, hogy a döntéseik és a másik ember kára között mikor áll fenn oksági kapcsolat? Hat-e a magatartásukra, ha a bíróságok magasabb vagy alacsonyabb kártérítéseket ítélnek meg? Gondosabbak, elővigyázatosabbak lesznek-e, ha nem felróhatósági, hanem veszélyes üzemi felelősség szerint dől el az, hogy felelősek-e egy-egy károkozásért? Kinek és milyen döntése változik, ha egy tevékenységet a másért viselt felelősség valamelyik formája alapján ítél meg a joggyakorlat? A joggazdaságtani elemzés szerint az emberi döntésekre ezek a változások igenis hatnak – de a hatás nem mindig az, amit elsőre várnánk. A kötet a joggazdaságtani modellek segítségével a joggyakorlat ezen kérdésekre adott válaszainak hatásait elemzi.
Assessing and improving the accuracy of the CPI
Authors: Reed Stephen , Perrins Gerald
Published: June 2024

This article gives an overview of the process of estimating the Consumer Price Index (CPI), examining the major procedures and process used to create the index. It examines issues that affect the accuracy of the CPI, including data quality, sampling error, bias, and response rates. It then considers new data collection methods and recent improvements to CPI component indexes.
Review on Some Important Research Progresses in Biodegradable Plastics/Polymers
Authors: Hu Zhong , Zhou Ruanbao
Published: June 2024

Biodegradable plastics/polymers may serve as a promising solution to the global problem of plastic waste accumulation in oceans and soil and may significantly reduce carbon emissions from the manufacturing process, since the materials used to make biodegradable polymers are carbon-based and emitted during the synthesis processes. This article systematically reviewed the existing and closely related scientific literature on materials, biomaterials, and biodegradable materials to find answers on how to effectively study and develop biodegradable polymers. This article reviewed and summarized the source classifications of the biodegradable plastics. Some of the major manufacturing techniques for making biodegradable polymer products were discussed, including micro-extrusion for biofibers, solvent casting method for thin films, 3D printing, injection and compression molding and extrusion processes, as well as the fabrication methods applied to some important biopolymers, such as cellulose, starch, bacterial concrete, packaging materials, and paper-based biodegradable materials. More importantly, experimental and computational methodologies applied for materials characterization and development that can be adopted to characterize the properties of biodegradable polymers and understand the physicochemical mechanisms of the materials were described in detail, including experimental methods (physical and chemical methods) and computational methods at different scales (from quantum mechanics at subatomic scale, molecular dynamics at atomic scale, to finite element analysis at micro or macro scale), and data analysis methods. The degradation mechanisms and factors affecting the biodegradability of the polymers were discussed. Finally, the future perspective of biodegradable polymers has been described. Properly adopting the effective state-of-the-art biomaterial research and characterization techniques (experimental and computational methods) and advanced data analysis methods discussed in this article will help advance the development of novel biodegradable polymers.
Communal Load Sharing of Miscarriage Experiences: Thematic Analysis of Social Media Community Support
Authors: Dubbelman Julia , Ooms Jonelle , Havgry Laura , Simonse Lianne
Published: June 2024

Background

Miscarriage is a common experience, affecting 15% of recognized pregnancies, but societal ignorance and taboos often downplay the mental distress and personal impact following a miscarriage. Emerging stories on social media in which women express their miscarriage grief are breaking such taboos. Research in the area of online health communities is increasingly focused on studying how people share their health experiences on social media. However, a clear understanding on the social support involved in this type of sharing of health experiences is lacking.

Objective

This study explored the use of Instagram in sharing miscarriage experiences, guided by the following research question: How is social community support given to women who share their miscarriage experiences on social media? Considering that social media is increasingly used as a source of social support, in this study, we chose Instagram as the social media platform. The purpose of this research was to create a better understanding of how social media provides support in expressing personal miscarriage experiences and how people engage with such posts.

Methods

This study used a qualitative inductive research method in which a phenomenological strategy and thematic analysis were followed to create a comprehensive understanding of the social community support phenomenon. The dataset was established from a sample of 258 Instagram posts and 736 comments collected over a period of 6 months after initial posts and from 6 different women. These data were categorized and clustered through a thematic analysis.

Results

Three themes were identified: (1) storytelling of emotional turmoil and grief after miscarriage, (2) sharing positivity amidst miscarriage grief, and (3) mentioning personal medical information about miscarriage. Theme 1 represents the emotional experience of women who have had a miscarriage. It encompasses the initial posts that included miscarriage storytelling that express deep grief and mental distress and the emotional impact on both the posters and the commenters. Theme 2 highlights the importance of finding moments of joy and positivity in the midst of mental distress and pain. The posts shared with the online community convey a sense of moving forward and a refusal to let grief become the defining aspect of one’s life. Theme 3 focuses on sharing medical and practical advice. This theme includes posts and comments about medications, in vitro fertilization procedures, hospital experiences, and personal physical symptoms.

Conclusions

As an overarching theme for this social support phenomenon, we introduce the term communal load sharing to describe the therapeutic role of social media in helping women cope with miscarriage by providing a platform for sharing similar experiences, breaking social taboos, and fostering load sharing.
Clinicians’ Perspectives on the Telehealth Serious Illness Care Program for Older Adults With Myeloid Malignancies: Single-Arm Pilot Study
Authors: LoCastro Marissa , Wang Ying , Yu Tristan , Mortaz-Hedjri Soroush , Mendler Jason , Norton Sally , Bernacki Rachelle , Carroll Thomas , Klepin Heidi , Wedow Lucy , Goonan Sean , Erdos Hannah , Bagnato Brenda , Liesveld Jane , Huselton Eric , Kluger Benzi , Loh Kah Poh
Published: June 2024

Background

Serious illness conversations may help patients avoid unwanted treatments. We previously piloted the telehealth Serious Illness Care Program (SICP) for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to understand the experience of the telehealth SICP from the clinician’s perspective.

Methods

We studied 10 clinicians who delivered the telehealth SICP to 20 older adults with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. Quantitative outcomes included confidence and acceptability. Confidence was measured using a 22-item survey (range 1-7; a higher score is better). Acceptability was measured using an 11-item survey (5-point Likert scale). Hypothesis testing was performed at α=.10 (2-tailed) due to the pilot nature and small sample size. Clinicians participated in audio-recorded qualitative interviews at the end of the study to discuss their experience.

Results

A total of 8 clinicians completed the confidence measure and 7 clinicians completed the acceptability measure. We found a statistically significant increase in overall confidence (mean increase of 0.5, SD 0.6; P=.03). The largest increase in confidence was in helping families with reconciliation and goodbye (mean 1.4, SD 1.5; P=.04). The majority of clinicians agreed that the format was simple (6/7, 86%) and easy to use (6/7, 86%). Clinicians felt that the telehealth SICP was effective in understanding their patients’ values about end-of-life care (7/7, 100%). A total of three qualitative themes emerged: (1) the telehealth SICP deepened relationships and renewed trust; (2) each telehealth SICP visit felt unique and personal in a positive way; and (3) uninterrupted, unrushed time optimized the visit experience.

Conclusions

The telehealth SICP increased confidence in having serious illness conversations while deepening patient-clinician relationships.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04745676; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04745676
Exploring Inflammatory Bowel Disease Discourse on Reddit throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic using OpenAI’s GPT 3.5 Turbo Model: Classification Model Validation and Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Babinski Tyler , Karley Sara , Cooper Marita , Shaik Salma , Wang Y. Ken
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with an increasing prevalence. Online communities have become vital for communication among IBD patients, especially throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. However, these interactions remain largely underexplored.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze community posts from three of the largest IBD support groups on Reddit between March 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022, using a pre-trained transformer model, and to validate the classification system's results via comparison to human scoring.

METHODS

We collected 53,333 posts and classified them using OpenAI's GPT-3.5 Turbo model to determine sentiment, categorize topics, and identify demographic information and COVID-19 mentions. Manual validation was performed on a subset of 397 posts to measure inter-rater agreement between human raters and the GPT-3.5 model.

RESULTS

Fleiss’ kappa and Gwet’s AC1 coefficients indicated a high level of agreement between raters, with values ranging from 0.53 to 0.91. Medication (n = 14,909) and Symptoms (n = 14,939) emerged as the most discussed topics. Most posts conveyed a neutral sentiment. While most users did not disclose their age, those who did primarily fell into the 20-29 (n = 2,392) and 30-39 (n = 859) age ranges. After an initial spike in posts within the first month, most posts did not reference the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study showcases the potential of generative pre-trained transformer models in processing and extracting insights from medical social media data. Future research can benefit from further sub-analyses of our validated dataset or utilize OpenAI’s model to analyze social media data for other conditions, particularly those where patient experiences are challenging to collect.
Understanding the views of health care professionals on the usability and utility of virtual reality multidisciplinary team meetings (Preprint)
Authors: Almashmoum Maryam , Payton Antony , Johnstone Emily , Cunningham James , Ainsworth John
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Organising a face-to-face, healthcare institution, multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting for the discussion of patient treatment plans can be time-consuming. The use of virtual reality (VR) technology may help enhance knowledge sharing between healthcare professionals and make meetings more efficient.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effectiveness of virtual reality multidisciplinary team meetings VR (MDT) for enhancing knowledge sharing. Additionally, to evaluate the feasibility and usability of the VR (MDT) for use by professionals in healthcare institutions.

METHODS

Twelve participants, including four health informatics, three with a nursing background, two medical doctors, a radiologist, and two biostatisticians, were invited through emails. Participants were exposed to VR (MDT) using a Meta Quest 3 headset, and software developed using the Unity platform. The software, contained an onboarding tutorial that taught the participants to select items, load and rotate 3D DICOM files, talk to a generative AI supported avatar, and make notes. After the evaluation (approximately 15 minutes), participants received an electronic survey using the Qualtrics survey tool to evaluate the usability and feasibility of the software by responding to the 10-item System Usability Scale (SUS), and 12-point heuristic evaluation questions with Neilsen's severity rating.

RESULTS

The most common age bracket of participants was 30–40 years (n = 6, 46.1%). Most of the respondents had no experience with VR, either in educational or entertainment settings. Based on the usability score, the VR (MDT) received a mean score of 72.7 (range between 68-80.3), earning an overall “good” rating grade. The mean score of single items in the heuristic evaluation questionnaires was less than 1 out of 4 (the overall mean was 0.6), which indicates only minor problems when using this software. Overall, participants feedback was good with highlighted issues including a poor internet connection and the quality of the generative AI response.

CONCLUSIONS

VR (MDT) software (developed by SentiraXR; www.sentiraxr.com) was developed with several functions aimed to help healthcare professionals to discuss medical conditions efficiently. Participants found that the VR(MDT) is an effective tool for enhancing knowledge sharing among professionals who are involved in multi-disciplinary team meetings due to its functionality and multiuser interactive environments. Additionally, there may be the possibility of using it for training of junior professionals.
The Zizi Show by Jake Elwes (2020)
Authors: Hemment Drew , Elwes Jake
Published: June 2024

The Zizi Show, by Jake Elwes, is an interactive artwork in which a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) has been trained on video footage of thirteen diverse 'drag' performers, filmed at a London cabaret venue during the Covid-19 lockdown.
Artificial Intelligence and Humanity’s Future
Authors: Vallor Shannon
Published: June 2024

We live in a world populated by digital ghosts of human injustice and cruelty, reanimated in AI software. But is it possible to tell a different, more hopeful story?
Public XAI, Creative AI for Good, and other emerging themes in AI & Arts
Authors: Hemment Drew , Vidmar Matjaz
Published: June 2024

A short summary of our research interests and promising directions for future work in The New Real.
The Looping Effects of Medicalizing Grief
Authors: Kelley Alice Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

The most recent versions of official psychiatric diagnostic guidelines include a new addition: Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). PGD is controversial due to concerns about harmful looping effects. Some opponents of PGD’s inclusion in the DSM worry that the diagnosis may pathologize normal human experiences and alienate grievers from their grief. This paper argues that these concerns are less troubling than they initially appear (in part because they assume an unhelpful, and conceptually optional, background understanding of health conditions as pathologies) and calls attention to overlooked beneficial looping effects that might be achieved by medicalizing (some) experiences of grief.
Quantum Kinetic Phenomena: Multidimensional Analysis of Cart Dynamics on Metallic Inclines via Photogate Quantum Entanglement Observables
Authors: Poosarla Hiresh
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This physics laboratory experiment explores the dynamics of velocity and acceleration through the motion of a cart down a metal ramp [1]. Utilizing photogates for precise measurement of position and time, the experiment investigates how alterations in the distance between photogates influence the velocity and acceleration of the cart [2]. Through data analysis and graphical representations, the experiment reveals an exponential relationship between velocity and time, with the cart demonstrating a constant acceleration. However, the cart does not reach a terminal velocity within the experimental setup, suggesting potential limitations in the apparatus. Suggestions for future experiments include adding multiple photogates for expedited data collection and extending the ramp length to allow for the attainment of terminal velocity. This experiment serves as a gateway to understanding fundamental principles of motion and offers insights into the complexities of velocity and acceleration dynamics in real-world scenarios.
Hardware Implementation of Green Building Using IOT Technology
Authors: Banta Lovely Vijay
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology into green building systems offers immense potential for optimizing energy consumption, enhancing sustainability, and improving occupant comfort. This paper presents a hardwarecentric approach to implementing green building features through IoT components. Through collaboration, innovation, and commitment to sustainability, green building projects pave the way towards a more resilient and harmonious relationship between human development and the natural world.
Machine Learning Approaches in 5G Networks
Authors: Desai Aishwarya Sandeep
Published: June 2024

Abstract: As the deployment of 5G networks accelerates globally, these networks are set to revolutionize the telecommunications landscape by providing unprecedented data speeds, ultra-low latency, and massive connectivity for devices across diverse applications. However, the increasing complexity and dynamic nature of 5G networks necessitate advanced approaches to optimize performance and manage resources efficiently. Machine learning (ML) emerges as a pivotal technology capable of addressing these challenges through data-driven insights and autonomous decision-making processes. This paper delves into the integration of ML techniques within the 5G network infrastructure, exploring how they can be leveraged to enhance various network functionalities. We systematically analyze three primary categories of ML: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning, each offering unique capabilities to tackle distinct aspects of network management.
Welcome to The World of OD: The Reinvented Organization Development & Organizational Development
Authors: Mishra Dr. Sukanta
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Since Tomorrow’s World is different from Today’s World, the Reinvented Organization Development, is very much essential for the Organizations in all over the World. The purpose of this study is to focus on the reinvented OD (Organization Development & Organizational Development) as evidence-based scientific & sense-making new approaches, which helps Organizations more effective, adaptive to change by developing, improving and reinforcing the strategies, structures & processes. The Reinvented OD improves organization's capacity, handle its internal and external functioning and relationships. This also includes improved interpersonal & group processes, more effective and enhanced ability to cope with organizational problems of all kinds. It also involves in more effective decision processes, more appropriate leadership styles, improved skill in dealing with destructive conflict, as well as developing improved levels of trust and cooperation among organizational members. Further the Reinvented Organizational Development (OD) is also an important tool for controlling & planning company growth, enabling companies to better respond and adapt to industry/market changes and technological advances as an important tool for controlling & planning the growth of a company - as a means of identifying the types & aspects of change required within an organization, as a discriminating tool for company growth by customers, an analysis of product development elements and search for effective innovation and create efficient & accurate workflows.
GELENEKSEL TÜRK DOKUMA SANATINA AİT ÖRNEKLERİN VE DUVAR HALILARININ TÜRK RESİM SANATINDAKİ YERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Göğebakan Yüksel , Alkaç Pınar
Published: June 2024

Tarih öncesi devirlerden bu yana hayatın içinde var olan dokuma sanatı, bu süreç içerisindeki gelişimleri ve çeşitliliğiyle her toplumda kendi kültürünü yansıtan bir unsura dönüşmüştür. Türk dokumaları da tarihi süreç içerisinde özünden kopmadan sürdürdüğü gelişimiyle, toplumun kültürünü yansıtan geleneksel bir yapıyı yansıtmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, dokuma sanatı Türk resim sanatında en sık kullanılan halı dokumaları ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, Türk halı sanatı ve yakın zamanda örneklerinin görüldüğü figüratif desenli geleneksel duvar halıları araştırılmıştır. Ardından bu dokumaların Türk resim sanatına yansıyan örnekleri gösterilerek incelenmiştir. Araştırma literatür taramasına dayalı nitel araştırma yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Ele alınan örnek çalışmalar incelenirken, yer yer betimsel analiz yöntemi de kullanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar ve incelemeler sonucunda, Türk sanatçıların geleneksel dokumaları yerel bir unsur olarak resimlerinde sıklıkla kullandığı görülmektedir.