bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and simulation of hydrothermal oxidation of cutting oil in supercritical water
Authors: Benmakhlouf Nadjiba , Outili Nawel , Sánchez-Oneto Jezabel , Portela Juan Ramon , Meniai Abdeslam Hassen
Published: August 2020

Supercritical water oxidation may be used as waste treatment technique that consists of oxidizing organic and inorganic matter using water at supercritical conditions. It was developed as an alternative technique in order to limit the risks of secondary pollution. The purpose of this study is the development of simulation tools in stationary state in supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) tubular reactor which has been numerically investigated basing on using a two-dimensional modeling approach applying the k-ε turbulence model, and on the international association for the properties of water and steam formulation (IAPWS-IF97). A Multiphysics simulation using Comsol Multiphysics 5.2 software for the supercritical water oxidation of “cutting oil Biocut 35” as a pollutant is reported. First, the heat transfer coefficient was estimated and the obtained temperature and species concentration profiles were compared to experimental data where a quite good agreement was obtained as confirmed by the acceptable coefficient of determination value. Finally, once the used model was validated, numerical simulations were performed to describe the behavior of the reactor investigating the effects of operating conditions such as temperature, pollutant feed concentration and reactor inlet flow rate, on dependent variables like outlet temperature, chemical oxygen demand removal (COD) and the highest temperature reached inside the reactor. This last parameter was considered in the study to take into account the operation safety. The significance of the studied factors and their interactions were quantified and analyzed by means of the full factorial design of experiment (DOE). The results showed that the effect of initial temperature was the most important for the three responses, followed by the feed concentration then to a lesser extent the flow rate. The effect of initial temperature was positive for outlet temperature, maximal temperature and cutting oil removal. The interaction temperature-feed concentration was the only significant one for the COD removal and the maximal temperature. The results defined an operation safety zone of the SCWO reactor based on the superposition of the three studied dependent variables and imposed constraints on the inside reactor temperature and the pollutant outlet concentration.
Refugees Welcome!? The Controversial Topic of Migration in German Museums
Authors: Pülm Felix
Published: August 2020

This article deals with the representation of migration in German museums. Three exhibitions are examined, all of which dealt with the topic of migration in the year 2018. The exhibitions included are: “2 Million Years of Migration” presented in the Archaeological Museum Hamburg, “Survival Stories” from A to Z in the House of History Baden-Württemberg in Stuttgart, and “Forum Migration”, shown in the German Emigration Center Bremerhaven. The essay shows that all three exhibitions purposefully participated in the public debate on migration and brought new perspectives and elements into the discussion. However, both the focal points of the exhibitions and the presentation were different. They either concentrated on the fate of migrants who came to Germany in recent years or considered the overall picture of migration and presented it as a core element of human development. Presentations were based on the exhibition of personal belongings of migrants, on hands-on activities or multimedia installations that allowed visitors to get involved.
Towards standardization guidelines for in silico approaches in personalized medicine
Authors: Brunak Søren , Bjerre Collin Catherine , Eva Ó Cathaoir Katharina , Golebiewski Martin , Kirschner Marc , Kockum Ingrid , Moser Heike , Waltemath Dagmar
Published: August 2020

Despite the ever-progressing technological advances in producing data in health and clinical research, the generation of new knowledge for medical benefits through advanced analytics still lags behind its full potential. Reasons for this obstacle are the inherent heterogeneity of data sources and the lack of broadly accepted standards. Further hurdles are associated with legal and ethical issues surrounding the use of personal/patient data across disciplines and borders. Consequently, there is a need for broadly applicable standards compliant with legal and ethical regulations that allow interpretation of heterogeneous health data through in silico methodologies to advance personalized medicine. To tackle these standardization challenges, the Horizon2020 Coordinating and Support Action EU-STANDS4PM initiated an EU-wide mapping process to evaluate strategies for data integration and data-driven in silico modelling approaches to develop standards, recommendations and guidelines for personalized medicine. A first step towards this goal is a broad stakeholder consultation process initiated by an EU-STANDS4PM workshop at the annual COMBINE meeting (COMBINE 2019 workshop report in same issue). This forum analysed the status quo of data and model standards and reflected on possibilities as well as challenges for cross-domain data integration to facilitate in silico modelling approaches for personalized medicine.
Vitamin D status is related to severity at onset of diabetes and worse glycemic control
Authors: Segovia-Ortí Raquel , Bennassar Antonia Barceló , de Sotto-Esteban Diego , Cortés Pilar Sanchís
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Our aim is to evaluate whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D at onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) would influence analytical variables of worse prognosis of the disease at the beginning and after one year of development.

Methods

A retrospective study of pediatric patients (0–14 years) diagnosed with T1DM with initial measurements of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was performed at Son Espases Hospital, between March 2012 and April 2019 (n=67).

Results

Vitamin D insufficiency was related to age, glycosylated hemoglobin, and creatinine. An improvement in glycosylated hemoglobin was found in subjects whose baseline serum 25(OH)D was >30 ng/mL. Bivariate correlation analysis adjusted by age showed a significantly positive correlation of vitamin D with pH (r=0.279), bicarbonate (r=0.338), and free levothyroxine (r=0.293). Independent variables associated with vitamin D insufficiency were age (odds ratio [OR]=1.2) and winter season (OR=10.52).

Conclusion

Hypovitaminosis D is related to biochemical variables showing greater severity and higher glycosylated hemoglobin at diagnosis: higher creatinine, lower free levothyroxine, pH, and bicarbonate. Unsupplemented patients with baseline deficiency showed persistently worse glycemic control vs. those with baseline repletion.
Risk of adrenal insufficiency following intra-articular or periarticular corticosteroid injections among children with chronic arthritis
Authors: Turmel-Roy Justine , Bédard Marc-Antoine , Millette Maude , Simonyan David , Proulx-Gauthier Jean-Philippe , Rousseau-Nepton Isabelle
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Intra-articular and/or periarticular corticosteroid injection (IACI) is a common procedure in pediatric rheumatology. Despite many adult studies demonstrating a significant risk of adrenal insufficiency (AI) following the procedure, very little evidence is available in the pediatric literature regarding this risk. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of AI in children with chronic arthritis following IACI.

Methods

This is a retrospective study including children aged 0-18 years who had an IACI from June 2017 to July 2019. An 8:00 morning cortisol (8MC) sample was drawn around two weeks after the injection, and an ACTH 1mcg stimulation test was performed if morning cortisol level was low. AI was defined as an 8MC under 50 nmol/L or an abnormal ACTH stimulation test. Risks factors for AI and its duration were assessed.

Results

Sixty patients were included in this study. AI prevalence was 30% with 18 of 60 affected patients. The corticosteroid dose injected was statistically associated with the development of AI. Median duration of AI was 181 days for the nine patients who were followed up until resolution of AI. Four patients developed symptoms of AI, namely fatigue (2 of 4), nausea (2 of 4) and abdominal pain (3 of 4). None were hospitalized or died.

Conclusions

In this cohort of children with chronic arthritis who had an IACI, we found a high prevalence of AI. Monitoring and counseling of such complication is warranted until further evidence is available.
The Problem of the First Belief: Group Agents and Responsibility
Authors: Hirvonen Onni
Published: August 2020

Attributing moral responsibility to an agent requires that the agent is a capable member of a moral community. Capable members of a moral community are often thought of as moral reasoners (or moral persons) and, thus, to attribute moral responsibility to collective agents would require showing that they are capable of moral reasoning. It is argued here that those theories that understand collective reasoning and collective moral agency in terms of collective decision-making and commitment – as is arguably the case with Christian List and Philip Pettit’s theory of group agency – face the so-called “problem of the first belief” that threatens to make moral reasoning impossible for group agents. This paper introduces three possible solutions to the problem and discusses the effects that these solutions have in regard to the possibility of attributing moral responsibility to groups.
Actualistic Foundation of Possibilism
Authors: Galvan Sergio
Published: August 2020

In this article I defend a form of classical possibilism with an actualist foundation. As a matter of fact, I believe that this position is more in keeping with the classical metaphysical tradition. According to this form of possibilism, I construe possible objects as possible non-existing objects of an existing producing power. Consequently, they are nothing vis-à -vis the modality of their own actual being, although they do exist with regard to the modality of the producing power’s being. The actualist requirement prescribed by the Frege-Quinean criterion of the quantification domain is thus fulfilled; indeed, really possible objects are not actual objects, but their possibility is actual.
Mobilizing foreign language students for multilingual crisis translation in Shanghai
Authors: Zheng Yongyan
Published: August 2020

This paper examines the multilingual translation efforts of a group of university student volunteers during the COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews of the volunteer team leader, team members, and a local community health worker. Findings identified time constraints, limited language proficiency, and limited technical knowledge as the major challenges confronting the university volunteers. In order to overcome the challenges, they worked in close collaboration and used translingual and network strategies to facilitate prompt and high-quality crisis translation. Findings suggest that foreign language university students in local universities may serve as readily available multilingual resources and can be mobilized in prompt response to the grassroots multilingual needs of the local community in times of crisis. The paper ends with implications for measures and strategies to enhance effective emergency language service and crisis communication for global multilingual cities.
The crystal structure of aqua{N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis[(1H-benzimidazol-κN
3) methyl]cyclohexane-1,2-diamine}lead(II) diacetate–methanol (1/2), C44H54N10O7Pb
Authors: Li Ji , Miao Ming-Zhi
Published: August 2020

PbC44H54N10O7, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 12.096(2) Å, b = 12.916(2) Å, c = 16.5904(7) Å, α = 101.163(2)°, β = 110.634(2)°, γ = 100.698(2)°, V = 2287.0(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0604, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1409, T = 298(2) K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of methyl 2-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-2-(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)acetate, C23H23NO6
Authors: Li Wu-Wu , Liu Xiong-Li
Published: August 2020

C23H23NO6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.5845(4) Å, b = 14.7024(5) Å, c = 18.1433(6) Å, β = 98.753(4)°, V = 1999.62(14) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0389, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0965, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of (2Z)-2-amino-3-[(E)-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-amino]but-2-enedinitrile, C11H8N4O2
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C11H8N4O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.9017(4) Å, b = 6.9496(2) Å, c = 11.2372(7) Å, α = 88.218(4)°, β = 76.489(5)°, γ = 77.575(4)°, V = 511.69(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0417, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1200, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-methyl-1-[(E)-(4-phenylbutan-2-ylidene)amino]thiourea, C12H17N3S
Authors: Tan Ming Yueh , Kwong Huey Chong , Crouse Karen A. , Ravoof Thahira B.S.A. , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C12H17N3S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.3084(19) Å, b = 7.9523(16) Å, c = 16.905(3) Å, β = 92.26(3)°, V = 1250.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0330, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0914, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of chlorido(2-methylquinolin-8-olato-κ2
N,O)-bis(4-tolyl-κC)tin(IV), C24H22ClNOSn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C24H22ClNOSn, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.7584(1) Å, b = 13.5542(1) Å, c = 13.0912(1) Å, β = 115.778(1)°, V = 2198.36(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0170, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0448, T = 100(2) K.
Art and Ontography
Authors: Weir Simon
Published: August 2020

Graham Harman describes the allure of art as the tension and fusion of a real object to sensual qualities so that it makes it seem that the inwardness of reality is opened to us. Yet real objects are withdrawn; how are we aware of their fusion? Since Harman’s ontology mandates that contact between real objects occurs only through sensual objects, this essay explores the idea that art’s allure must be a tension between sensual objects that draw the experiencer to believe, or alieve, they are in contact with the withdrawn real. By looking at the examples in representational painting and sleight of hand magic, we see that ontographic art objects use at least four, carefully separated sensual objects to produce their aesthetic effect. The conclusion summarises allure as a sensual object process, speculates on art’s dialetheic confusion of sensual and real objects giving an enduring allure to idealism, and notes potential motifs of an infra-realist resistance.
Potential utilization of neopterin measurements in the assessment of pyrexia in metastatic melanoma treated with combined targeted therapy: a case report
Authors: Bartoušková Marie , Hrouzková Michaela , Čtvrtlík Filip , Petrová Pavla , Rušarová Nikol , Kučerová Kateřina , Vernerová Andrea , Melichar Bohuslav , Študentová Hana
Published: August 2020

In patients with metastatic melanoma the advent of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors has transformed the management of advanced and metastatic disease, resulting in improved outcomes. Neopterin is a biomarker of immune activation increased in cancer as well as in other conditions associated with immune activation. We present a case of a patient with advanced metastatic melanoma responding to the combination targeted therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib. The treatment was complicated by a fever that was accompanied by a marked rise in serum and urinary neopterin concentrations. Present case report illustrates not only the efficacy of combined targeted therapy, but also the utilization of neopterin measurements in the diagnosis and monitoring of pyrexia in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.
Instrumental neutron activation analysis of lanthanides and coexisting elements in monazite samples and group separation using synthesized inorganic ion exchangers
Authors: Ghamry Mohamed A. , El-Sweify Fatma H. , Abdel-Fattah Alaa El-Din A. , Aly Shorouk M. , El-Shahat Mohamed F.
Published: August 2020

Samples of Egyptian monazite ore obtained from black sand of Abu-Khashaba, Rashied (Rosetta) area on the Mediterranean Sea coast were analyzed for some lanthanides and coexisting elements using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The analyses were carried out qualitatively and quantitatively for the elements Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb and Sc, La as well as the accompanying elements Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Nb, Zn, Zr in addition to the actinides Th and U; whereas after relatively longer decay time the following lanthanide elements were analyzed: Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb and Sc, beside the accompanying elements Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Nb, Zn, Zr and Th. Two certified reference materials (CRM) were used in this study. For sorption studies, radioactive isotopes 141Ce, 160Tb, 169Yb, 95Zr, 181Hf, and 95Nb were prepared by neutron irradiation to trace the adsorption behaviors of their corresponding elements under certain conditions. Furthermore, radiochemical separation of the analyzed elements in the irradiated monazite samples in sulfuric acid solutions was carried out. Ion exchange technique was applied under static and dynamic conditions and the employed inorganic ion exchangers were locally synthesized and characterized using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tools. Good group separation of the analyzed lanthanide elements from the accompanying elements was achieved.
Rate determining step of reduction Np(VI) by organic reagents from 30%TBP/Kerosene to nitrate solution
Authors: Li Chuanbo , Yan Taihong , Xiao Songtao , Zheng Weifang
Published: August 2020

A series of single stage trials were conducted using six reducing reagents to investigate the rate determining step during Np(VI) reduction back-extraction from 30%TBP/Kerosene to HNO3 solution under the same conditions. The six reducing reagents included: acetohydroxamic acid, N,N-dimethylhydroxylamine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine, methylhydrazine and N,N-dimethylhydrazine. Moreover, the back-extraction of Np(V) from 30%TBP/Kerosene to HNO3 solution without reducing reagent was conducted with the same concentrations of Np and HNO3. The experimental results indicate the rate of Np(VI) reduction in the two-phase system is determined mainly by the rate of Np(V) mass transfer from 30%TBP/Kerosene to HNO3 solution, whose mass transfer kinetics is far slower than previously estimated. The rate determining step is a slow chemical reaction as: NpO2NO3·TBP = NpO2
+ + NO3
− + TBP.
Is the Elimination of Food Subsidies the Right Policy to Address Lebanon’s Public Finance Crisis?
Authors: Makdissi Paul , Seif Edine Mohamad
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we use a positional dominance approach to assess the desirability of eliminating food subsidies in Lebanon. The analysis is based on aggregate information from the 2004 to 2005 National Survey of Households Living Conditions. We use this aggregate information on expenditure patterns to reconstructroughestimates ofs-concentration curves and efficiency-cost ratio sets. Evidences suggest that the Lebanese government should probably find other avenues to reduce the fiscal deficit.
Cooled radiofrequency for the treatment of sacroiliac joint pain – impact on pain and psychometrics: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kleinmann Barbara , Wolter Tilman , Weyerbrock Astrid
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Cooled radiofrequency (cRF) is an effective treatment for sacroiliac pain. In contrast to conventional radiofrequency denervation, this technique allows enlarging the area of denervation by cooling the radiofrequency probe. However, there is sparse knowledge about the impact of interventional procedures like cRF treatment of sacroiliac joint pain on psychological comorbidities. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the outcome of cRF in chronic pain patients regarding the psychological outcomes anxiety, depression, sleep quality and pain related disability.

Methods

In this retrospective observational study 29 interventions were performed over a period of two years in 28 patients. Pre- and post-interventional pain levels, depression and anxiety scores, pain-related disability, treatment satisfaction and sleep quality were assessed by standardized and validated questionnaires. Pain medication was recorded prior to the intervention and at follow-up.

Results

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) scores for depression showed a statistically significant reduction after therapy which did not remain significant after Bonferroni-Holm correction. Anxiety as measured by the HADS-A score did not show a statistically significant change. No statistically significant improvement was observed in the pain disability index. Patients reported fewer sleep disorders after treatment. Mean pain (NRS) was statistically significantly reduced 1 week post intervention and at time of follow-up. There was no clear reduction of analgesic medication.

Conclusions

Besides pain reduction, our data show a positive influence on sleep quality, possibly on depression, but not on anxiety and pain disability.
Correlation between calcium, water contents and ultrasonographic appearance of atherosclerotic lesions of carotid artery lesions
Authors: Fülesdi Béla , Farkas Szabolcs , Gyöngyösi Zoltán , Siró Péter , Bereczki Dániel , Bacsó József , Csiba László
Published: August 2020

Background

We tested the hypothesis whether there is a correlation between the echogenicity and calcium and water contents of carotid plaques.

Patients and methods

Ninety carotid befurcations from 45 deceased patients were removed during autopsy. Thirty-four plaques were categorized as homogenous echolucent (HEL), homogenous echogenic (HEG) and heterogenous (HE) plaques based on premortem B-mode image. Water content was expressed in % of wet weight. Ca was determined by proton-induced X-ray emission and expressed in ppm. Relative optical density of the B-mode images was analyzed offline using a computer program.

Results

HEL plaques had lower Ca content (medians and IQRs: 6,145 [4,465–6,536 ppm]) compared to HEG (74,100 [15,300–1,44,500−ppm]), P ≤ 0.001). HE plaques showed an intermediate calcium content (7,310 [4,840–9,920 ppm]) that was statistically not different from echolucent plaques. Water content of HEG plaques was statistically not different from HEL and HE (HEG:53.5 [35.5–64%], HEL: 73.5 [69.7–78.5%], HE: 70.6 [67.4–73.9%]). HEG plaques had the highest relative optical densities (196 [188–217%]). HEL and HE had similar relative optical densities (HEL: 176 [164–187%], HE: 164 [144–188%], respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between the Ca content and relative optical density of plaques.

Conclusions

Echogenicity of carotid plaques increases along with their calcium content. Water content may be an important factor in differentiation of different plaques.
Impaired consciousness due to injury of the ascending reticular activating system in a patient with bilateral pontine infarction: A case report
Authors: Kwak Soyoung , Chang Min Cheol
Published: August 2020

The ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) is known to play an essential role in maintaining arousal and consciousness. In this report, we describe the case of a patient with impaired consciousness due to injury of the ARAS after bilateral pontine infarction. A 73-year-old female patient presented with anterior chest pain to the Emergency Department of our university hospital. She was diagnosed with chronic stable angina pectoris, three-vessel disease, and chronic total occlusion of the left anterior descending artery by coronary angiography and received conservative treatment. After five days, she showed deep drowsy mentality and brain MRI revealed bilateral paramedian pontine infarction. Four weeks after the pontine infarction, she showed severely impaired consciousness, with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 7 (eye-opening: 2, best verbal response: 2, and best motor response: 3). Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score was 10 (auditory function: 2, visual function: 3, motor function: 2, verbal function: 2, communication: 0, and arousal: 1). Results of diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) for the ARAS showed decreased neural connectivity in the left lower dorsal ARAS, both lower ventral ARAS, and both upper ARAS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of injury to the ARAS in bilateral pontine infarction diagnosed by DTT. We presume that our report would provide clinicians a better understanding of the mechanism of impaired consciousness in patients with pontine infarction.
Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts – aber wie?
Authors: Habersack Mathias
Published: August 2020

Der am 20.4.2020 vorgelegte Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts sieht eine umfassende Reform insbesondere der Vorschriften über die Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts vor. Der Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit den Kernelementen des Entwurfs auseinander, nämlich (i) der Beibehaltung des Kaufmannsbegriffs und damit zugleich der Unterscheidung zwischen Personenhandelsgesellschaften und nicht gewerblich tätigen Personengesellschaften (unter gleichzeitiger Öffnung des Rechts der Personenhandelsgesellschaften für Freiberufler), (ii) der Einführung einer fakultativen Eintragung der rechtsfähigen GbR in ein eigenständiges Register und (iii) einer Ausrichtung des Rechts der GbR an OHG-Grundsätzen. Darüber hinaus hinterfragt er die Regelungsvorschläge zum Beschlussmängelrecht der Personengesellschaften, zur Vertretung der GbR, zur Haftung ihrer Mitglieder und zum nicht eingetragenen Verein; auch erinnert er an die Regelungsbedürftigkeit der Auslandsgesellschaft & Co.
Bilanzierung von Schenkungen nach IFRS
Authors: Lorson Peter , Pilhofer Jochen , Haustein Ellen , Herr Sascha B.
Published: August 2020

Während die Bilanzierung von Schenkungen bzw. unentgeltlichen Erwerben in HGB-Abschlüssen in der Kommentarliteratur umfassend thematisiert wird, existiert diesbezüglich nach IFRS eine – nicht durch Schrifttumsbeiträge geschlossene – Regelungslücke. Der vorliegende Beitrag bezweckt, diese Lücke in Bezug auf die bilanzielle Abbildung von Schenkungen im IFRS-Abschluss von Beschenkten zu schließen. Da es sich hierbei um monetäre (wie Geld oder Forderungserlasse), nicht-monetäre Vermögenswerte (wie materielle und immaterielle Vermögenswerte) oder Dienstleistungen handeln kann, gestaltet sich die Fragestellung besonders vielschichtig. Aufbauend auf Unterschieden zwischen Schenkungen und anderen geregelten Rechtsgeschäften werden relevante IFRS entsprechend der Hierarchie von IAS 8.11 gewürdigt. Der Beitrag kommt zu dem Schluss, dass unter dem Primat der Entscheidungsnützlichkeit eine Erfassungspflicht besteht und eine tatsachengetreue Darstellung nur durch eine Bewertung zum beizulegenden Zeitwert erreicht werden kann.
Herausforderungen des Blockchain-Netzwerks für das Kapitalmarktrecht
Authors: Kerkemeyer Andreas
Published: August 2020

Mit dem dezentralen, globalen, transparenten, pseudonymen und nicht korrigierbaren Blockchain-Netzwerk kommt es zu neuen Herausforderungen für die Kapitalmärkte und das Kapitalmarktrecht. Da die Blockchain die Vereinbarung und Abwicklung von Finanztransaktionen unmittelbar zwischen zwei Kontrahenten ermöglicht (Peer-to-Peer-Transaktionen), kann sie zur Disintermediation des Kapitalmarktes, also einem Bedeutungsverlust der Finanzintermediäre führen. Das Kapitalmarktrecht adressiert seine Anforderungen hingegen klassischerweise an eben jene Finanzintermediäre. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie das Kapitalmarktrecht auf den mit der Blockchain verbundenen Trend zur Disintermediation reagieren kann.
Sc14Co3.10In2.59 – the representative of the Lu14Co3In3 type with the smallest rare earth element
Authors: Gulay Nataliya L. , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: August 2020

The scandium-rich phase Sc14Co3.10In2.59 has been synthesized by a direct reaction of the elements in a sealed tantalum ampoule in a high-frequency furnace. Single crystals were obtained by slow cooling of the product. The Sc14Co3.10In2.59 structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Lu14Co3In3 type, P42/nmc, a = 889.13(13), c = 2138.7(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0483, 1636 F
2 values, and 64 variables. Sc14Co3.10In2.59 completes the series of the rare earth metal-rich phases RE
14Co3In3. The structure refinement revealed defects on the Co1 site (84.7(5)% occupancy on 8g) and a mixed occupancy of 59.1(7)% In1/40.9(7)% Co3 on the 4c site. The structure is built up by a dense condensation of Co@Sc6 trigonal prisms and In2@InSc11 and In1/Co2@Co2Sc10 icosahedra. An interpenetration of the In2@InSc11 icosahedra leads to dumb-bell formation with an In2–In2 distance of 289 pm. The Sc14Co3.10In2.59 structure is stabilized by substantial Sc–Sc bonding (316–360 pm Sc–Sc).
Experimental modeling, optimization and comparison of coagulants for removal of metallic pollutants from wastewater
Authors: Zaman Qamar uz , Anwar Sana , Mehmood Faisal , Nawaz Rab , Masood Nasir , Nazir Arif , Iqbal Munawar , Nazir Saba , Sultan Khawar
Published: August 2020

Wastewater treatment coagulation is one of the most important physicochemical operations used in industry. The adsorption capability of marigold leaf powder, tea waste and ferrous sulfate was investigated for domestic and tannery effluents. These adsorbents significantly affected the pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and turbidity of wastewater. Maximum decrease in all the attributes was observed for 10 g of adsorbents application. All the adsorbents significantly affected the physiochemical attributes of both wastewaters. Similarly, maximum adsorption potential was observed in case of tea waste powder. Maximum decrease in all physiochemical attributes such as pH (15%), EC (21%), turbidity (54%), total dissolved solids (TDS; 36%), total suspended solids (TSS; 43%), total hardness (TH; 52%), chloride contents (59%) and phosphate contents (60%) was observed with the application of 10 g of tea waste. Regarding the heavy metals, maximum decrease for cadmium (Cd; 47%), lead (Pb; 81%), arsenic (As; 44%), copper (Cu; 75%), iron (Fe; 49%), chromium (Cr; 68%) and zinc (Zn; 64%) was observed in same treatment. The decreasing order in terms of their adsorption potential for coagulants was tea waste > marigold leaf powder > ferrous sulfate. However, for the wastewater, the maximum effect of adsorbents was observed in case of domestic wastewater as compared to the tannery water. Based on these data, it is suggested that tea waste has maximum adsorption potential for the remediation of wastewater.
Royal Justice, Freedom, and Comital Courts in Ottonian Germany
Authors: Bachrach David S.
Published: August 2020

The free population of the early medieval German kingdom largely has disappeared from the historiographical tradition due to the influence of the New Constitutional History and its contemporary intellectual successors. One important result of this writing out of history of the free has been a thorough distortion of the roles and purposes of the royal government, and the relationship between the ruler and his free subjects. This essay seeks to redress this imbalance by identifying the king’s obligations to his free subjects, particularly in the areas of law and justice. The focus of the study is on the role played by counts, as royal officials, in providing a forum for the free to adjudicate their legal disputes and to obtain justice for injuries that they had sustained. A thorough investigation of the Ottonian period reveals that comital courts continued to function throughout the tenth and early eleventh century as venues for royal justice in a manner thoroughly consistent with the institutions of Carolingian East Francia.
Vom Reichshofrat über Cocceji zu PEBB§Y: Epochenübergreifende Überlegungen zu gerichtlichen Urteils- und Vergleichsquoten aus institutionengeschichtlicher Perspektive
Authors: Schenk Tobias
Published: August 2020

Judicial Decision-Making from the Perspective of Institutional History. A Diachronic Comparison of Court Procedures and Amicable Settlements in the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, and the Federal Republic of Germany. Amicable settlements were a core practice in judicial courts of the early modern period. While recent studies tend to focus on strategies of litigants, this article shifts the attention to the process of decision-making from an institutional perspective. To that end, the author examines working procedures and tools of political influencing at court using examples of civil cases at judicial courts in the Holy Roman Empire (particularly the Imperial Aulic Council), in Prussia under the reign of Frederick the Great, and in the Federal Republic of Germany. As will be shown, throughout times institutional dispositions influence the outcome of judgements and amicable settlements at least to the same degree than strategies of litigants do.
Die Datierung von Sachsenspiegel Landrecht III 57,2 und die Entstehung des Kurfürstenkollegs
Authors: Wolf Armin
Published: August 2020

Für Bernhard Diestelkamp zum 90. Geburtstag

The Dating of Saxon Mirror Landrecht III 57,2 and the Origin of the College of the Prince Electors. The famous article in question contains a list of six German princes who were the first in royal elections (the archbishops of Mayence, Trier, and Cologne; the Count Palatinate, the duke of Saxony, and the Margrave of Brandenburg). Thereafter all the princes elected. Although the King of Bohemia had been an elector before, he is excluded “because he is not German”. In opposition to the traditional view, which sees this article as an original part of the work of Eike von Repgow (ca. 1220/35) and which is upheld lately by Alexander Begert, it is shown that the article III 57,2 does not fit to any of the royal elections of 1198, 1237, 1252 or 1257. It fits, however, perfectly to the election of Rudolf of Habsburg on October 1st, 1273 – when the Bohemian vote was refused. The article must have been inserted to the Saxon Mirror after that date, but before May 1275 when a seventh vote was attributed to the duchy of Bavaria. In 1290, the hereditary vote was returned to the King of Bohemia. The traditional Seven Prince Electors met never before 1298. In this very year they documented their election of Albert of Austria in the first charter drawn up by all of them together with their individual names and corroborated with their own seven seals. This act can be regarded as the foundation of the College of Electors. In the same year the expressions kurfursten (prince electors) and their collegium appeared for the first time. Also https://www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de/Lexikon/EN:Electors
Interpretatio triplex?
Authors: Schermaier Martin
Published: August 2020

Interpretatio triplex? Germanists and Romanists facing Savigny. This short piece was stimulated by some critical remarks of Kenichi Moriya to my interpretation of Savigny’s “Besitz”. The criticism helped me to shape my arguments on Savigny and to reflect my approach to pandectist studies on Roman legal sources. Thus, I propose a threefold interpretation of these sources in order to evaluate Savigny’s own appreciation: Before interpreting Savigny’s own interpretation we should interpret the pertinent roman text as well as its comprehension in the time of and before Savigny.
Regional Activity in the Rat Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Insula during Persistence and Quitting in a Physical-Effort Task
Authors: Porter Blake S. , Li Kunling , Hillman Kristin L.
Published: August 2020

As animals carry out behaviors, particularly costly ones, they must constantly assess whether or not to persist in the behavior or quit. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been shown to assess the value of behaviors and to be especially sensitive to physical effort costs. Complimentary to these functions, the insula is thought to represent the internal state of the animal including factors such as hunger, thirst, and fatigue. Using a novel weight-lifting task for rats, we characterized the local field potential (LFP) activity of the ACC and anterior insula (AI) during effort expenditure. In the task, male rats are challenged to work for sucrose reward, which costs progressively more effort over time to obtain. Rats are able to quit the task at any point. We found modest shifts in LFP theta (7–9 Hz) activity as the task got progressively more difficult in terms of absolute effort expenditure. However, when the LFP data were analyzed based on the relative progress of the rat toward quitting the task, substantial shifts in LFP power in the theta and gamma (55–100 Hz) frequency bands were observed in ACC and AI. Both ACC and AI theta power decreased as the rats got closer to quitting, while ACC and AI gamma power increased. Furthermore, coherency between ACC and AI in the delta (2–4 Hz) range shifted alongside the performance state of the rat. Overall, we show that ACC and AI LFP activity changes correlate to the relative performance state of rats in an effort-based task.
OpenVape: An Open-Source E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure Device for Rodents
Authors: Frie Jude A. , Underhill Jacob , Zhao Bin , de Guglielmo Giordano , Tyndale Rachel F. , Khokhar Jibran Y.
Published: August 2020

The prevalence of “vaping” has recently seen significant increases in North America, especially in adolescents. However, the behavioral correlates of vaping are largely unexplored. The uptake of existing technologies meant for rodent vapor inhalation remains limited because of a lack of affordability and versatility (ability to be used with a variety of vaporizers). The OpenVape (OV) offers an open-source, low-cost solution that can be used in a variety of research contexts. Here, we present a specific use case, combining the OV apparatus with JUUL e-cigarettes. This apparatus consists of Arduino-operated vacuum pumps that deliver vapor directly from e-cigarettes to exposure chambers. The OV is easy to build and customize for any type of vaporizer (e.g., nicotine pod or tank; cannabis flower or concentrates). To test the OV, we performed biochemical verification and behavioral studies. The behavioral test (conditioned place preference, CPP) was conducted using adolescent and adult animals to assess developmental differences in the rewarding effects of nicotine vapor, as previously observed with injected nicotine. These findings demonstrate that even after brief exposures to nicotine vapor, pharmacologically relevant nicotine and cotinine levels could be detected in plasma, and significant CPP was observed, especially in adolescent rats which showed preference at shorter puff delivery durations (lower nicotine doses) compared with adults. Together, these findings suggest that OV provides an affordable, open-source option for preclinical behavioral research into the effects of vaping.
DEWARUCI BOARD GAME DESIGN AS A WAYANG INTRODUCTION MEDIA FOR CHILDREN 10-12 YEARS OLD
Authors: Dewi Fajrina Cahya
Published: August 2020

Wayang is one of the artistic heritages that contains various good teachings in life. But now, there are many young generation forgets about wayang, and don't even know it. Watching Wayang Shows all night long is hard for children, that's why an alternative media are made in the form of games that can be played by children to introduce Wayang characters..The process of working in designing board games includes: (1) Pre-Production, including data collection, goal setting, concept determination, (2) Production, including content design, sketching, digitization, layouting, and printing (3) Post Production. This study project has produced a dummy board game theme about Dewaruci, where in the game, the theme of characters and stories of Dewaruci can be introduced to children. The work of the study project is expected to help children to get to know the noble artistic heritage. In addition, this work can be a motivation and inspiration for other creators who create works with archipelago content.
“CINDELARAS” KIDS ILLUSTRATION AS A MORAL LEARNING MEDIA FOR CHILDREN
Authors: Wardani Kemala Pintaka
Published: August 2020

Moral learning can be taught through stories, which act as orientations and role models to stimulate understanding which then becomes the habituation and personal character of the child. In this study project moral learning is presented in stories in the form of comic books, with Cindelaras's story as example. The comic book creation process goes through several stages of the creative process namely the pre-production process, the production process and the post-production process. The main work produced was a dummy form from a comic book titled "Cindelaras: A Boy with Rooster" and several merchandise works as supporters such as bookmarks, key chains, art prints and stickers. All the sequences pages of this comic are visual illustrations that tell the story of Cindelaras' journey in fighting for justice. In this comic also illustrated how Cindelaras behaves to parents, people who need even those who are evil to him. This comic has the main message that every good or bad deed will return to the culprit. This work is analyzed from the technical aspects, aesthetic aspects and illustrative aspects. Technically, the entire work is done in digital format and techniques with Adobe Photoshop CS5 applications, while viewed from an aesthetic aspect, it highlights visual elements that are depicted such as colors, lines, drawing styles, and so on. The illustrative aspect explains how illustrations play an important role in communicating stories in this comic book. Through this comic book illustration creation it is hoped that it can add to children's reading recommendations as a medium of moral learning as well as a means of promotion to introduce native Indonesian folklore.
Antisperm antibodies and sperm function in bulls undergoing scrotal insulation
Authors: S Ferrer Maria , Palomares Roberto , Hurley David , Bullington Anna-Claire , Hoyos-Jaramillo Alejandro , H Bittar João
Published: August 2020

Bovine antisperm antibodies (ASAs) have been associated with teratospermia and asthenospermia. It was hypothesized here that scrotal insulation induces the formation of ASAs and deterioration of sperm function. Scrotal insulation bags were placed in 10 bulls for 8 days. Semen was collected on days −29, −22 and −2, twice weekly from days 5 to 54, and thereafter weekly until day 96 (day 0 = first day of scrotal insulation). On each collection day, scrotal circumference, sperm motility, morphology, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential, ASA binding and DNA integrity were evaluated. The percentage of IgG- and IgA-bound sperm increased between days 12 and 96 (P < 0.0001), in association with poor motility (days 19–30, P < 0.005) and morphology (days 8–40, P < 0.0001). Mean scrotal circumference decreased between days 15 and 75 (P < 0.0001). There was also a deterioration in sperm membrane integrity (days 19–40, P < 0.0001), acrosome integrity (days 26–89, P < 0.0001), lipid peroxidation (days 5–12, P < 0.0001), and mitochondrial membrane potential (days 12–96, P = 0.001). In contrast, a decrease in apoptotic cells (days 37–83, P = 0.0002) and lipid peroxidation (days 19–96, P < 0.0001) was noticed. Most bulls recovered normospermia by day 96. However, the persistence of ASAs, acrosomal damage and dysfunctional mitochondria suggest a long term effect of scrotal insulation on sperm function and the homeostasis of the reproductive immune system.
Políticas de desarrollo para la producción audiovisual en el sur de Tamaulipas.
Authors: Barcenas Curtis Cesar
Published: August 2020

En México, el estado de Tamaulipas la zona conurbada del sur del estado, que incluye los municipios de Tampico, Ciudad Madero y Altamira, conforman un espacio fundamental en términos comerciales e industriales, por lo que la intención es realizar una evaluación preliminar sobre las posibilidades para generar una inserción de estrategias de política culturales basadas en el desarrollo audiovisual para dinamizar la economía local y regional.
Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Berdasarkan Analisis Rasio Keuangan (Studi pada BMT Amanah Banjarmasin)
Authors: Syafril Syafril
Published: August 2020

Research used to know financial performance and compared with industry standards. Focus on this BMT Amanah Banjarmasin and compared with Bank Indonesia standards. Focus on this research is on a financial report 2017 and 2018. From the BMT financial statements then analyzed the liquidity, solvency, rentability, and effectivity for comparison of results in each year and will be adjusted to Bank Indonesia (BI) standard that can be analyzed to measure what the financial level and performance of the BMT . Data analysis method is comparative descriptive analysis. While the data source used in this study is secondary data in the form of bank financial statement documents. The results show, bank liquidity is able to meet the short term in a timely manner. The result of solvency is seen ability of bank in fulfilling and keeping its ability to always able to fulfill its obligation in paying debt in a timely manner. The profitability of banks has a good ratio. Maximally maximized resource viewing effectivity results.
Karakteristik dan Kebijakan Dividen Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Soliyah
Published: August 2020

The aim of this research is to prove empirically the influence of firm characteristics. There are market price to book value ratio, firm age, market capitalization, debt equity ratio, earnings per share, liquidity, and growth of asset as firm characteristics. The research object are manufacture firm in Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2013-2017. The sample selection is using purposive sampling method. Based on criteria, samples which are used in this research are 37 firms. Secondary data are collected with documentation of financial statement from Indonesia Stock Exchange. Those data are processed using statistical test of multiple regressions. The result of this research proves that market price to book value ratio, debt equity ratio, earnings per share, and growth influence to dividend policy. In the other hand, firm age, market capitalization, and liquidity influence to dividend policy.
The Linkage of Employment to Poverty in Central Java at 2010-2017
Authors: Murti Sartika Andari , Kurniawan Robert
Published: August 2020

In 2017, Central Java was the second largest contributor to the GDP in Java but still has poverty and employment problems. In this research, wellbeing can approach with per capita expenditure. Empirically per capita expenditure has spatial relevance. This study aims to determine the relationship between employment indicators and the spending spatially in Central Java. The variables used are expenditure, labor force participation, labor productivity, minimum wage of regency/city, and the average length of the school. The analytical method used to determine the relationship is spatial panel regression with the Spatial Error Model fixed effect. The results obtained are labor force participation, labor productivity, minimum wage of regency/city, and the average length of the school, and spatial error dependencies have a significant positive effect on expenditure. Suggestions proposed are to increase employment through investments, especially in education, and to increase cooperation between regencies/cities in poverty alleviation efforts.JEL Classification: E2, E22, I3, I32, I38, J2, J21, J23.How to Cite:Murti, S. A., & Kurniawan, R. (2020). The Linkage of Employment to Poverty in Central Java. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 195-206. https:// doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.14466.