bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МНОГОМЕРНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ДАННЫХ В ЗАДАЧЕ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ПОПАДАНИЯ КРЕДИТНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ В ЗОНУ РИСКА
Authors: Акишина Е. П. , Иванов В. В. , Крянев А. В. , Приказчикова А. С.
Published: February 2024

Исследование экономических процессов базируется на изучении большого числа параметров. В связи с чем для проведения анализа исследуемых явлений и решения прогностических задач возникает необходимость применения методов многомерного анализа данных. В статье рассматривается проблема идентификации подозрительных, с точки зрения финансовой состоятельности, кредитных организаций, осуществляющих свою деятельность на российском рынке. Настоящее исследование нацелено на разработку методики многомерного анализа данных для выявления подозрительных кредитных организаций и прогнозирования отзыва у них лицензий. Для решения указанной задачи предлагается использовать иерархические и итерационные методы кластерного анализа, а также метод главных компонент. На основе этих методов разработана методика формирования зоны риска, позволяющая прогнозировать отзыв лицензий у кредитных организаций. Для определения количества кластеров применялся метод кластеризации Варда, а также метод локтя, метод силуэтов, метод Дэвиса–Боулдина. Совместное использование методов кластерного анализа и метода главных компонент позволили продемонстрировать робастность предложенной методики. В настоящем исследовании использовались данные формы банковской отчетности № 101.
Educator’s Spirit is the Primary Orientation of the Construction of a High-Quality Teacher-Team in the New Era
Authors: Gao Lin , Chen Gaoke , Chai Jiaji
Published: February 2024

The educator’s spirit is the professional ethos that must be cultivated in the process of shaping the new generation of teachers. It serves as the foundational pillar for the growth and development of educators, aligning with the essential prerequisites of a robust educational landscape in the modern era. The spirit of the educator is the primary guiding force behind the cultivation of high-quality teachers in the new era. By elucidating the connotations and essence of the educator’s spirit, it becomes evident that integrating it into teacher development holds unique value. This integration contributes to the advancement of teachers’ morality and ethical frameworks, ensuring effective education delivery that meets public satisfaction and strengthens the nation’s educational strategy. The integration of the educator’s spirit into teacher development is a practical imperative for educators in the new era. It clarifies their value orientation, equips them to navigate risks and challenges, and reconnects them with the true essence of education. Furthermore, incorporating the educator’s spirit into the standardization, cultivation, and institutional frameworks presents a tangible pathway to enhancing the high-quality evolution of teacher development in the new era.
Exploration and Innovation in Medical Education Reform by Integrating Online and Offline Models
Authors: Zhang Ting , He Na
Published: February 2024

The fifth collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee emphasized the importance of educational digitalization as a significant breakthrough for the country, enabling the opening of new opportunities for educational development and the creation of new advantages in this field. This article closely examines the challenges confronting traditional medical teaching against the backdrop of national policy. It delves into the integration of ideological and political education, the establishment of a medical teaching model combining both online and offline modes, the innovation of teaching resources and methods, and the enhancement of the job competency of medical school teachers. Furthermore, specific measures for the reform of medical teaching through the integration of online and offline models are proposed to achieve a collaborative education focusing on “knowledge, ability, and moral education.”
Exploration of Curriculum Reform in the Context of Digital Empowerment: Taking the “Class Management” Course in the Primary Education Major of Higher Vocational Normal School as an Example
Authors: Huang Meiping
Published: February 2024

In the era of digital empowerment, the digital reform of higher vocational courses has become an inevitabletrend. To explore professional curriculum reform, this study takes the “Class Management” course in the primary education major of higher vocational teachers as the research object, analyzes the importance of digital empowerment to curriculum reform, and discusses the teaching of the “Class Management” course new model and content reform plan. Digital technology empowering traditional courses is a new trend, which is both an opportunity and a challenge. This study aims to explore the application of digital technology in courses and provide certain guidelines for curriculum reform in the field of education.
Research on the Development Path of Green Marine Economy in the Era of Ecological Civilization
Authors: Zhuang Yujie
Published: February 2024

This article explores the development path of the green marine economy in the era of ecological civilization. It highlights the importance of developing a green marine economy and how it has become a global consensus. The article suggests that China should take proactive measures to optimize its marine industrial structure, promote marine scientific and technological innovation, strengthen marine resource protection and environmental governance, and enhance the competitiveness of the marine economy. The ultimate objective is to achieve sustainable development of the ocean, expand the blue economic space, and accomplish the goal of green marine economic development.
El Museo Virtual de Mineralogía como recurso didáctico
Authors: Calvo Guiomar , Calvo Miguel , Arranz Enrique , Fanlo Isabel , Fraile Jesús
Published: February 2024

En un contexto donde la tecnología cada vez tiene un papel más relevante, disponer de recursos online que permitan dar a conocer el patrimonio mineralógico español y ayudar en el proceso de identificación de minerales puede ser una herramienta de gran utilidad para el alumnado de distintos grados universitarios. Con este objetivo en mente, se creó durante el curso 2021-22 el Museo Virtual de Mineralogía a raíz de un proyecto de innovación docente llevado a cabo en la Universidad de Zaragoza. En este artículo se detalla el proceso de selección de ejemplares, la elección de los materiales y los contenidos más relevantes, entre los que destacan las fichas de minerales y de yacimientos minerales nacionales. Para finalizar, se presenta un breve análisis de la utilidad de este recurso para el alumnado de los últimos cursos del Grado de Geología, tanto presente como futura. Los resultados, tanto las opiniones recogidas del estudiantado como el número de visitas del museo, han sido muy positivos y se espera seguir ampliando el contenido del museo en sucesivas etapas para que pueda extenderse su uso a otros niveles educativos.
Preputial ureterostomy and uteroureterostomy for total cystectomy in 3 dogs
Authors: Fabris Isabella de A. , Lopes Carolina R. G. de P. , Tasso Júlia B. , Carra Gabriel J. U. , Tovar Ana María F. R. , Rodrigues Nydianne A. , Voorwald Fabiana A. , de Nardi Andrigo B. , Dias Luis Gustavo G. G. , Moraes Paola C.
Published: February 2024

Three client-owned dogs presented with dysuria and stranguria. Prostatic and bladder trigone neoplasms were diagnosed, and these patients also exhibited flat ribbon-like stools. One patient had previously undergone cutaneous ureterostomy after radical cystectomy but experienced recurrent ostia stenosis and severe uremic dermatopathy. Ureterostomy was performed as a salvage procedure, diverting urine to either the uterine stump or the prepuce. The patients recovered well, resulting in an improved quality of life. Unfortunately, one patient died during the immediate postoperative period due to pulmonary metastasis. The uterine stump is considered a better option for ureterostomy as it provides a greater barrier against ascending infections compared to ureteral anastomosis in the vagina, theoretically. These modified ureteral anastomoses offer a viable urinary diversion for patients undergoing complete cystectomy, maintaining an anatomic route for urination. The procedure of modified preputial ureterostomy, without the performance of penectomy, reduces postoperative morbidity and provides increased protection for the ostia. This study aims to describe a modified technique for ureterostomy following total cystectomy in dogs, diverting ureters either to the prepuce or the uterine stump, while preserving the original voiding ostium.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Terhadap Perilaku Swamedikasi Common Cold pada Mahasiswa (Studi Kasus: Mahasiswa Farmasi Universitas Tanjungpura)
Authors: Yuswar Muhammad A , Musyafak Syifa N
Published: February 2024

Swamedikasi yakni upaya mandiri seseorang dalam mengobati dirinya sendiri, khususnya dari penyakit ringan seperti common cold. Kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai informasi obat dapat menyebabkan swamedikasi yang tidak tepat dan berdampak negatif pada kesehatan individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi korelasi pengetahuan dan perilaku swamedikasi common cold pada mahasiswa Farmasi angkatan 2021 di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura, dilakukan penelitian menggunakan metode cross sectional dan total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 105 orang. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Analisis hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Spearman rank pada SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa instrumen kuesioner valid dan reliabel, serta terdapat hubungan positif antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku swamedikasi common cold dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,556. Disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan, maka perilaku swamedikasi common cold akan semakin baik.
Application of AI in crisis management
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, RMS2, Banasik Arkadiusz , Pikiewicz Piotr ,   Silesian University of Technology, RMS2
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) can be applied in various areas of crisis management. It can provide numerous benefits concerning speed, effectiveness and precision of actions. AI accelerates the process of massive amounts of data processing, such as sensor data, satellite images, social data streams and much more. This enables to make quick analysis of a situation and make quick decisions in order to monitor various sources of information in real-time and detect early signals of a crisis. Advanced algorithms can identify patterns and anomalies enabling a quick response. AI can be used to model various crisis scenarios based on available historical and current data. This way it is possible to predict the probable effects of a given crisis and prepare for various situations. AI can analyze social media data to monitor community sentiments, identify potential threats and manage crisis communication. Automatic sentiment analysis systems can help understand society's response to a crisis. Advanced AI systems can be used to predict human behavior in various crisis scenarios. This allows to understand better how people may react and what their needs are in a given time. AI can help detect and combat cyber attacks, which constitute a serious threat, especially when it is necessary to maintain critical infrastructures. Integrating AI into crisis management requires caution because decisions made by AI systems should be consistent with ethical standards and they must consider the human supervision and assessment of the crisis situation. Design/methodology/approach: The paper analyzes the AI methods applied during crises. The results of interviews conducted with students, teachers and authors' personal experiences are provided. Findings: AI is a new way of solving problems, especially during crises. The new technologies determine the way and the speed of problems solving. Originality/value: Originality based on the interviews and post-crisis (COVID) points of view are the value. Keywords crises, AI, Chat GPT. Category of the paper: Research paper, Viewpoint.
A study on the distances between companies in Poland and in selected countries of the European Union with respect to the use of ICT resources and competencies
Authors:   University of Economics in Katowice, Janiga-Ćmiel Anna
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to employ the proposed taxonomic distance methods to investigate the level of the use of information and communication technology by enterprises in Poland and in selected European countries during the examined periods. Design/methodology/approach: The study examines the use of the Internet and information and communication technologies by enterprises of the selected country, with special emphasis placed on the Covid-19 pandemic period. Data were drawn from Eurostat, taking into account the thematic scope of the study and data availability. The study covered the years 2013-2020, including the time of the Covid-19 pandemic. Selected taxonomic methods were used in the analysis. In the first step of the study, a synthetic variable was determined. The synthetic variable made it possible to compare the level of development of the phenomenon for selected countries. Then the distance matrix was determined. The distance of the level of development of the phenomenon that separates Poland from the studied countries has been determined. Findings: The study analyzes internet and ICT usage by enterprises in the selected country in the years 2013-2020, with special focus on the COVID-19 pandemic period. To sum up, comparative analysis performed by means of taxonomic methods can be an effective tool to study the elements of a complex process, can provide a broad picture of this process. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is that it is not possible to collect a comparable data set over a long period of years. The final set of diagnostic data included only 11 variables. Originality/value: The concept of comparative analysis of the phenomenon under consideration presented and implemented in this study can be applied to compare other countries, using relevant measures, or to perform comparative analysis of other aspects of the issue, and the findings of these studies will contribute to further research in this area. The results of the proposed research methodology applied to explore the selected research problem and the set of data the study was based on can be used in the analyses of economic and socio-economic policies. Keywords: taxonomic methods, Internet and ICT usage, COVID-19. Category of the paper: Research paper.
Principles of software diagnosis and testing using test automation tools
Authors:   General T. Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces in Wrocław, Jóźwiak Ireneusz J. , Jóźwiak Piotr P. ,   Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Switana Jan ,   Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the article is to provide an in-depth discussion of traditional and modern methods of software diagnostics and testing. The basic ways of implementing these processes will be discussed. We will also discuss the concept of automation of the testing process and its impact on modern software development with usage of Artificial Intelligence. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis of the article's topic is based on the analysis of sources discussing methods of software diagnostics and testing. Findings: The importance of analytical thinking and predictive skills. Originality/value: Presentation of various factors influencing the quality of software production with a particular focus on software test automation. Keywords: software engineering, testing, diagnostics, automation. Category of the paper: General review.
Dual ingress architecture design pattern for Kubernetes applications
Authors:   Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Jóźwiak Piotr P.
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The article focuses on the analysis of the mechanism for exposing Services running on a Kubernetes cluster using an Ingress type definition. It discusses the basics of this mechanism, pointing out its fundamental limitation of being able to use only single technology simultaneously in handling traffic to a web application. The paper presents an architectural pattern that enables the simultaneous integration of two Ingress definitions, combining the advantages of both systems used. Design/methodology/approach: Available solutions for exposing applications served in the Kubernetes cluster were analyzed. As a result of the research, an enhancement was proposed to allow the use of two services simultaneously, providing broader system functionality. Findings: An approach was proposed to use two Ingress controllers simultaneously in the form of an external cloud service and an internal Nginx service running on a Kubernetes cluster. Originality/value: A design pattern is presented along with an example implementation of dual Ingress on an AKS cluster in Azure. Keywords: Kubernetes, Ingress, architectural pattern, limitations, Azure, Application Gateway, Nginx. Category of the paper: Research paper, Technical paper.
A new approach to preprocessing of EMG signal to assess the correctness of muscle condition
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Komorowski Dariusz , Mika Barbara ,   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Kaczmarek Piotr ,   Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Electromyography (EMG) is a technique dealing with the recording and analysis of myoelectric signals formed by physiological variations in the muscle fiber membrane. The voltage potential of surface myoelectrical signals (sEMG) varies over time and depends on the characteristics of the individual subject. One of the main drawbacks of sEMG analysis is that the given acquisition conditions strongly determine the amplitude of the signal. The analysis of sEMG requires appropriate preprocessing, including proper filtering and artifact removal. Moreover, the sEMG data must be converted to a scale standardized for all measurements. This research aimed both to propose a method of sEMG processing to eliminate the occurring disturbances, in particular impulsive artifacts, and to determine the level of muscle excitation based on normalized sEMG. The analysis of muscle excitation level can be applied to assess muscle activity during physical activity. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed algorithm uses set of digital filters, probabilistic distribution and the decomposition of the sEMG signal to attenuate artifacts. Variance analysis of the sEMG derivative is used to determine muscle excitation. The sEMG signals were acquired with the VICON system with the sampling frequency set at 1000 Hz, and processed in MATLAB. During sEMG recordings, standard silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) surface electrodes were used. Findings: The suggested technique was validated using sEMG recorded for eight persons during deep squat. Normalized excitation was determined for the left and right muscles, the rectus femoris, the vastus medialis, and the biceps femoris. Obtained outcomes indicate a possibility to assess the correctness of muscles condition. Originality/value: The combination of the proposed filter and the analysis variance-based thresholding method can effectively eliminate impulse artifacts within the surface myoelectrical signals. Keywords: Spikes disturbance, EMG, Muscle excitation, Filtering, Kurtosis. Category of the paper: Research paper.
The application of eye tracking and artificial intelligence in contemporary marketing communication management
Authors:   AGH University of Krakow, Kondak Anna
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Paper aims to fill the cognitive gap regarding the role, importance and potential of integrating eye tracking research and artificial intelligence. The main goal of the work was to design a proposal for the synergistic use of eye tracking and artificial intelligence for marketing communication management. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the planned goal and answer the research questions, methods of systematic literature review, online content analysis, expert interviews and pilot eye tracking studies using the Gazepoint GP3 device and Gazepoint Analysis V6.9.0 software were used. The considerations are conducted in the field of behavioral economics. Findings: During the discussion and analysis of various aspects related to the use of eye tracking, artificial intelligence and neuro research in the context of marketing communication management, the following was established: the importance, applications and synergy of eye tracking and AI in marketing communication; the future of new technologies in marketing; key benefits, challenges and potential of the tools discussed, with particular emphasis on the need for their responsible use along with continuous development in this field. Research limitations/implications: Suggestions for future research on the issues discussed include: ethics and privacy; technological limitations; future dynamics changes. Suggestions for future research include broader analysis of user experience, integration of methods with other technologies, longitudinal research on the impact of AI-generated content personalization, measurement of consumers' emotional engagement. The indicated research areas may contribute to better use of technology in marketing and expand knowledge about non- declarative consumer behavior. Originality/value: The value of the article lies in providing conclusions and practical recommendations as well as identifying areas for further research, which may contribute to a better understanding and use of eye tracking, AI and neuro research in the field of marketing. The entire research project allowed for the design of a proposal for the synergistic use of eye tracking and artificial intelligence for marketing communication management. The article may be valuable for marketing specialists, researchers, students and people interested in the use of modern technologies in marketing. Thanks to its comprehensive perspective, it can be a guide for people interested in introducing these technologies into marketing practice. Keywords: neuromarketing, eye tracking, artificial intelligence, marketing communication. Category of the paper: Research paper.
Education in the era of artificial intelligence – new quests and possibilities
Authors:   Catholic School Complex. Saint Jan Bosko, Majewska-Pyrkosz Ewelina
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The article's primary goal is to analyze artificial intelligence's (AI) development in the educational system. Design/methodology/approach: In the article, deep analysis of the consequences of technological progress For process teaching, identifying challenges and opportunities related to dynamic AI development. Underlined the necessity of facing changes in education appearances the AI and valuable looking at the implications for ways driving lessons, content teaching, and self-education. Findings: AI is a new way of solving problems, especially during crises. The new technologies determine the way and the speed of problem-solving. The new era of education requires modern methods concerning AI. Research limitations/implications: The surveys discussed in this article may contribute to further empirical studies, including but not limited to initiating works to improve innovation in artificial intelligence. Practical implications: Education in the age of AI demands a holistic approach, connecting modern technologies with traditional teaching methods and considering the ethical and social aspects of technological development. Originality/value: Originality work is about a consistent approach based on research literature, which can be a basis for further empirical research regarding the impact of AI on education and modification of learning methods. Keywords: educational technology, artificial intelligence, future education, education 4.0. Category of the paper: General overview, Research paper.
Cluster analysis of epidemic curves of the third Covid-19 epidemics wave in different regions of Poland
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Markiel Artur , Kempa Wojciech M. ,   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Mathematics
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the analysis was to divide Polish regions (as a single region we mean “powiat”) into categories according to the way in which their population passed the third wave of COVID-19 epidemics and the attempt of linking the resultant classifications with other factors. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of data about daily COVID-19 cases per 10,000 inhabitants in regions, weekly averages in every day were calculated. The curves of these averages for each region were approximated by a polynomial function. Then, for the majority of created functions, five characteristic "points" were determined: a maximum of the function together with a maximum and a minimum of its first derivative and two maxima of its second derivative, which are all located the closest to the function maximum. On the basis of coordinates of these points, regions were grouped by using of K-means method. Finally, the mean levels of various factors in obtained categories were analyzed as well as different classification models determined on this basis. Findings: The performed analysis allowed to construct predictive models of the approximate shape of the epidemic curve in a given region. These models can be used in more-depth analysis of epidemics evolution. Research limitations/implications: These models can be used in more-depth analysis of epidemics evolution. Originality/value: By using cross-validation test, the number of clusters equal to five was determined. Mean values of the mentioned coordinates in each cluster allowed to determine an approximate shape of characteristic epidemic curve for a given group of regions. Only among some clusters there was a significant difference in population density, the percentage of population living in cities and the approximate percentage of inhabitants vaccinated after the third wave of COVID-19 epidemics. Nevertheless, on the basis of these factors and the age structure of the population, decision trees which classify most of the wave categories with a satisfactory accuracy were determined. Keywords: Cluster analysis, decision tree, epidemic curve, method of K-means, region. Category of the paper: Research paper.
The enterprise goodwill valuation – ranking of Polish brands
Authors:   Vistula University, Faculty Business and International Relations, Bojańczyk Mirosław
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Article discusses the valuation of company brands, focusing on Polish enterprises. It delves into the increasing importance of intangible assets like brand value in the modern economy. Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents a detailed methodology for valuing brands, which includes analyzing financial reports, surveys, and stock exchange data. The study highlights the complexity of brand valuation, considering factors like intellectual capital, goodwill, and market volatility. Findings: It emphasizes the need for a multifaceted approach in valuation, integrating various methods to achieve a more accurate assessment. Additionally, it presents a list of the most valuable brands in 2021, demonstrating the dominance of certain sectors like technology and retail in brand value. The research concludes that there is no single, definitive method for brand valuation, underscoring the subjective nature of this process. Originality/value: This paper is base on Polish enterprises, which provides appropriate data. The presented methodology is a original approach. Keywords: Brand Valuation, Intangible Assets, Financial Analysis, Goodwill Evaluation. Category of the paper: Research paper.
Circular solutions for food packaging. Innovative coated paper packaging and its carbon footprint
Authors:   Częstochowa University of Technology, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Nitkiewicz Tomasz , Wiszumirska Karolina ,   Poznań University of Economics, Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Rychwalski Marcin ,   Cracow University of Economics, Department of Products Technology and Ecology
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The strive towards circularity within the packaging sector has been an ever-growing challenge. Regular paper seem to be a good solution due to its natural and renewable origins and relative ease in its end-of-life processing. Food products require defined barrier and mechanical properties and seal functions that cannot be provided by regular paper or cardboard. The underlying objective of the paper is to indicate the best scenarios with regard to circularity challenge. Possibly, the implementation of innovative, highly functional, and recyclable coated paper/cardboard materials for food packaging applications would allow to replace traditional multi-layered plastics. Design/methodology/approach: The objective of the paper is to verify the environmental performance of selected coated paper material over its counterparts from multi-layered plastics with the use of the Carbon Footprint approach (CF). CF is used to compare the environmental impacts of a chocolate tablet life cycle with the use of different packaging materials: coated paper (CPCS) and oriented polypropylene (oPP). A special focus is on the recyclability issue of the packaging materials and their contribution to overall environmental performance. Findings: The results show that CPCS packaging has a slightly lower CF. Overall, CPCS packaging is contributing half of CF in comparison to oPP packaging. The difference is higher as far as packaging manufacturing is concerned, but due to the higher weight of CPCS packaging for chocolate tablets, its contribution to CF in whole life cycle rises. Research limitations/implications: Since the assessment is made during the packaging testing process, its results are not yet final and could be due to change if the composition of CPCS will due to some further changes. Secondly, the shelf life tests are not finished yet and do not impact the life cycle so far. Originality/value: The study is focused on the assessment of innovative coated paper packaging and investigates its CF in comparison to currently used packaging material for chocolate tablets. Its results could contribute to the selection of more sustainable and circular packaging. Keywords: coated paper materials, food packaging, carbon footprint (CF), circular economy, life cycle management. Category of the paper: research paper.
Modern technologies in shaping strategy in the clothing industry – a case study of the 4F brand
Authors:   AGH University, Krakow, Proszowska Anita , Prymon-Ryś Ewa ,   AGH University, Krakow;
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to review modern technologies present in building the strategy of contemporary clothing companies and to conduct a case study of the 4F brand (one of the leaders in the use of modern technologies in shaping the product offer in the clothing industry in the Polish market), to present the application of the use of these technologies in the Polish market. Design/methodology/approach: The paper conducts a case study of the 4F brand from the point of view of the use of innovative technologies in improving strategies for meeting the needs of buyers of clothing products. It was preceded by a literature review on the occurrence of these technologies in the surrounding market reality and their development prospects. Findings: Innovative technologies are a constant element in building the strategy of the 4F clothing brand. With them, the brand develops such parameters of its offerings as antibacterial, hypoallergenic or adequate moisture wicking. It also uses technologies to present new product lines: 3D and augmented reality (AR). It allows it to optimise the entire sales process and reduce the number of returns. It is part of the company’s strategy to shift to circular sales models in line with sustainable development. Research limitations: The diversity of possible solutions from modern technologies, resulting from their nature and unique specificity, makes it difficult to generalise the results obtained. Each successive example of the use of modern technologies is outstanding in its way, does not lend itself to standardisation and requires individual analysis. Practical implications: The results of the study indicate that the business operations of apparel companies are becoming more technologically advanced, which will require increasing investment on their part in IT infrastructure and the implementation of new technological solutions. Social implications: Modern technology is being used in the fashion industry to build relationships with stakeholders through increasingly modern marketing communication tools, forcing expenditures in this area as well. The tools for building these relationships are derived from the instruments used by stakeholders in their personal lives (e.g., social media), and the two areas will intersect and complement each other. Originality/value: The originality of our study is to comprehensively present the current use of modern technologies in the apparel industry, to isolate the most popular tools used by entities in this industry on the Polish market and to diagnose the attitude of the audience towards them, as well as to determine the development directions of this trend. Keywords: modern technologies, clothing industry, sustainable development, 3D and augmented reality (AR), 4F brand. Category of the paper: case study.
Reverse vending machines vs. other ways of selective waste collection – research results
Authors:   AGH University, Krakow, Prymon-Ryś Ewa , Proszowska Anita ,   AGH University, Krakow
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The paper presents outcomes of the qualitative research on the use of reverse vending machines (RVMs) as equipment to facilitate the segregation and disposal of beverage packaging in Poland, in comparison with other ways of selective waste collection. The topic of innovative tools to support waste management gains particular importance in the context of the introduction of the deposit system for packaging in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: Our qualitative research aimed at identifying consumer behaviour and preferences regarding the selective waste collection. Simultaneously we evaluated experiences with the RVMs and related incentive programs. The research technique was focus group interview, supported by perceptual mapping. 5 interviews were conducted with citizens of Malopolska & Silesia Provinces, in localities where recyclomats from the pilot program were installed. Findings: The results show positive attitudes towards the RVMs among participants of pilot testing of such devices. RVMs are perceived as easy-to-use and environmentally friendly. Compared to other methods of selective waste collection, the highest rated in terms of cost to the user and suitability for the user were the containers for segregated waste. When evaluating incentive systems, respondents accepted only financial benefits. It can be assumed that RVMs can support the newly introduced deposit system for beverage packaging in Poland. Research limitations: Most of the focus group participants had been familiar with RVMs from the pilot program, but the mobile app dedicated to the devices was inactive during the study. This affected the overall user experience. Practical implications: The outcomes suggest that the comprehensive waste collection and recycling system in Poland should be supported by RVMs, and that such devices should be popularized. Social implications: RVMs could play an important role in environmental education for children and young people. The dissemination of recyclomats by retail chains and local governments will increase their availability and influence the formation of pro-environmental behavior of other consumer groups. Originality/value: The originality of our study is based on identifying Polish individuals' views toward innovative waste management technologies and demonstrating their influence on sustainable consumption. Keywords: reverse vending machines, recyclomats, consumer behavior, selective waste collection, research, Poland. Category of the paper: research paper.
Analysis of publications on decision-making strategies in higher education institutions
Authors:   Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Śpiewak Justyna
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of this article is to present analysis literature interested in decision-making strategies in higher education institutions. Author keywords contained in the publications were analysed to show links between them and present recent interested areas of strategies in higher education. Design/methodology/approach: Analysis based on bibliometric data of world literature published in Web of Science and Scopus. The study included a quantitative analysis of publications. The results are presented in tables, graphs and figures. Findings: The successive part of the publication analyses the 4125 documents in Web of Science and Scopus. Based on the 2886 documents searched in Scopus, author keywords were analysed and connections between them were visualised (software support visualisations). The study identified an increase in interest in topics such as “sustainability”, “instructional strategies”. The analysis of publications interested in strategies, higher education institutions and decision-making showed that 57 publications met the defined search criteria. Only 12 of these were published up to 2012, while the remaining 46 were published in the last 10 years. Recurring author keywords in recent publications are: "strategic management", "strategic decision-making", "strategic decisions". Earlier publications have also included such keywords as “innovation”, “sustainabililty”, “information systems”, “knowledge management”. Research limitations/implications: Research based on two literature bases, limited to English language. Next step of research can be made in all languages ang more publication bases. The study focuses on quantitative analysis of publications based on author keywords. The research should be expanded of a detailed and qualitative analysis of the publications found and their evaluation in terms of strategies in university decision-making. It would be reasonable in the analysis and interpretation of the results obtained to group or standardize the keywords used in publications, e.g. “decision making” and “decision-making”. Originality/value: Paper presents bibliometric analysis of publication interested on strategies in higher education institutions decision-making. The analysis has made it possible to identify trends in the literature based on author keywords. The results of the survey shows the growing interest strategies in decision-making in higher education institutions. Keywords: Decision-making, strategies, higher education institutions, universities. Category of the paper: Literature review.
Motherhood as a factor differentiating women’s careers
Authors:   AGH University of Krakow, Wilk Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the differences in the professional careers of women with and without children. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative study was conducted using the survey method (CAWI) using an online questionnaire on a sample of 517 women. The survey included single- and multiple-choice and open-ended questions. The study lasted 9 months (February- October 2022) and included professionally active women working in medium-sized or large enterprises in south-eastern Poland. Findings: The obtained results indicate emerging significant differences between the surveyed women with children and women without children, in the context of professional career, preferences and activities undertaken for professional development. Professional career covers various spheres of life, including family, which means that motherhood has a significant impact on women's professional development. The higher education and age of women with children suggest the dominance of a conventional or dual career path. The age differences between the groups coincide with the trend of younger women giving up motherhood. Childless women are more likely to work in prestigious industries, while mothers value performing a prestigious profession. The average earnings of mothers are lower than those without children, but mothers are more likely to earn top wages. Childless women value continuous learning in their careers more. Women with children show a higher level of career satisfaction, which may reflect the modern approach to combining motherhood with professional work. Research limitations/implications: The research has limitations and the results cannot be generalized to the entire population. They only focus on certain aspects related to motherhood and women's careers, which could be expanded in future research. It is also suggested to study the differences between Polish regions and a longer analysis of the development of women's careers in various phases of professional life, especially those related to motherhood. Originality/value: Due to the very diverse approach to the topic of motherhood and careers, there are few studies relating to the differences in women's careers resulting from motherhood, and even fewer studies in this area are based in selected regions of Poland. Therefore, it seems justified to take up the topic of motherhood discussed in the article as a factor differentiating women's careers. Keywords: career, women's career, maternity, motherhood, work-life balance. Category of the paper: Research paper.
International supply chains in pharmaceutical industry after Sars-Cov-2
Authors:   Wroclaw University, Institute of Economic Sciences, Witczyńska Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The paper presents the issues related to international supply chain in the pharmaceutical industry. Design/methodology/approach: The study used world-bank reports from Statista portal and the own research. Findings: The international supply chain is a sequence of events, a process of moving goods with a goal of meeting the demand for certain products. The simplest chain can be defined by three components: supplier, enterprise, recipient. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the supply chain has been interrupted and disrupted, as shown by the example of a company from the pharmaceutical industry. Components are sourced from suppliers around the world, and thus that the company and its production cycle do not has been disturbed, schedule timely deliveries. Unfortunately, due to the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic, timeliness has been disrupted, which means that companies relying on one supplier had to acquire new ones in order to be able to implement production plans and meet deadlines from orders. On the example of a company from the pharmaceutical industry, one can come to the conclusion that through the pandemic in the logistics chain, the following were most affected: fluidity of deliveries, compliance of notifications, disturbances in production planning, execution of orders in accordance with the schedule. The article is theoretical and overview in nature. It uses content analysis and identifies specific analytical categories such as supply chains in pharmaceutical industry and trends in the international trade. The research methodology uses the literature analysis and critique method, as well as the document research and case study method. Originality/value: The publication presents the results of research conducted on the basis the Statista portal. Keywords: supply chains in pharmaceutical industry, SARS-CoV-2, international trade, global value chains. Category of the paper: Research paper.
Data concerning Covid-19 cases in Poland at the end of the pandemic
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Organization and Management, Department of Economics and Informatics, Czupryna-Nowak Aleksandra , Banasik Arkadiusz ,   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics Applications and Methods for Artificial Intelligence, Bartnicki Michał ,   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Organization and Management, Department of Economics and Informatics
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The main purpose of this article is to analyze and understand trends in COVID-19 cases in Poland during what is considered the end of the pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses data visualization methods to assess trends and identify key factors influencing the dynamics of the pandemic. The analysis included data on the pandemic in the period from 1 January, 2023 to 30 June, 2023. On 1 July, 2023, the state of epidemic threat in Poland was canceled. Findings: Analysis of epidemiological data showed that the number of new COVID-19 cases in Poland showed a gradual decline during the period considered to be the end of the pandemic. This reduction in case numbers has been consistent across regions of the country, although some areas have seen periodic increases. The data clearly demonstrate the significant impact of vaccinations in reducing the number of new infections and severe disease outcomes. Regions with higher vaccination rates saw lower COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths. Research limitations/implications: The surveys discussed in this article may contribute to further empirical studies, including but not limited to initiating works to improve the pandemic analysis. Practical implications: The study provides important information that can be used by public health decision-makers to shape effective pandemic response strategies. The results highlight the importance of maintaining and adapting intervention measures, such as vaccination, to control the spread of the virus and reduce the number of severe cases. Originality/value: This study stands out from other works on the COVID-19 pandemic by its unique focus on the final stage of the pandemic in Poland. While most studies focus on the early stages of the pandemic or its global impact, our study offers detailed insight into local aspects of pandemic management and its evolution in a specific country. We present a comprehensive analysis that combines epidemiological data, the impact of health policy, social behavior and vaccination effectiveness. Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, data analysis, Poland. Category of the paper: General review, Research paper.