bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of heavy metals on strains of the genus Enterococcus
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Uskova Svetlana S. , Martynova Alina V. ,   Far Eastern Federal University,   Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: December 2024

Heavy metals are widespread pollutants of natural water, where they end up because of almost constant use in agriculture and due to the discharge of industrial wastewater: primarily lead, cadmium and copper. On the other hand, heavy metals such as copper and zinc are known to be cofactors in many cellular processes and are required for cell survival in small concentrations. At the same time, such a heavy metal as cadmium does not function as a cofactor in the bacterial cell and has a toxic nature, disrupting cellular processes and causing cell death if the concentration exceeds a certain threshold. Thus, the sensitivity of enterococci to heavy metals is a property that characterizes the dynamics of anthropogenic load on the microbiocenosis of both freshwater and marine aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of heavy metals on strains of the genus Enterococcus isolated from the aquatic environment. Materials and methods: 18 water samples from the Second River mouth were studied, 30 strains of bacteria of the genus Enterococcus were isolated. Identification was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction method. Cell morphology was studied using light microscopy, and resistance to heavy metals was determined by the presence or absence of growth on a plate with different concentrations of metals (copper, cadmium, zinc). The results of the study showed that with an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, the morphological characteristics change, and exceeding the MPC (maximum permissible concentration) leads to the death of the bacterium. According to the rate of action of the studied metals, they can be arranged in the following sequence: Cd > Cu > Zn.
Düzenli Fiziksel Aktivite Yapan Orta Yaşlı Bireylerin Serbest Zaman Katılımlarının Sağlık Algısına Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Karagöz Şeniz , Bozyiğit Elif
Published: December 2024

Serbest zaman etkinlikleri bireylerin kendisi ve başkaları için zorunluluklardan veya bağlantılardan uzaklaştığı, kendi isteği ile seçtiği faaliyetlerde zamanı özgürce istediği gibi kullanabildiği bir zaman dilimini kapsar. Serbest zaman etkinliklerinde fiziksel aktivitenin önemi düşünüldüğünde bu çalışmanın amacı düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapan orta yaşlı bireylerin serbest zaman katılımlarının sağlık algısı üzerine etkisini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, elli yaş ve üzerindeki 127 sağlıklı birey oluşturmaktadır (kadın n=64, erkek n=63, YaşOrt=61.18±6,78). Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı araştırmada “Serbest Zaman Katılım Ölçeği” ve “Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği” veri toplama araçları olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma için oluşturulan hipotezleri test etmek için analizlerin ön varsayımları sağlanmış, ölçeklerin güvenirliği test edilmiş ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre “rekreasyonel”, “bilişsel”, “sosyal” ve “üretici” aktivite değişkenleri sağlık algısında toplam varyansın yaklaşık %20’sini açıklamaktadır. Modele göre, “bilişsel aktivite” “sağlık algısını” negatif ve anlamlı olarak etkilerken, “sosyal aktivite” değişkeni ise “sağlık algısını” pozitif ve anlamlı olarak etkilemektedir. “Rekreatif ve üretici aktivite” değişkenlerinin ise “sağlık algısı” üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı bulgulanmıştır. Bu sonuç doğrultusunda, düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapan orta yaşlı bireylerin sağlık algılarında pozitif etki oluşturabilmek için “rekreatif ve üretici aktivite” değişkenlerini ön planda tutan serbest zaman etkinliklerine ağırlık verilmesi önerilmektedir.
Düzenli Yürüyüş Yapma ve Aralıklı Orucun İnsülin Direnci ve Kan Lipid Profili Üzerindeki Etkisi: Klinik Bir Çalışma
Authors: Sarıakçalı Barış
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, düzenli yürüyüş yapma ve aralıklı orucun insülin direnci ve kan lipid profili üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya en az 24 gün aralıklı oruç tutan ve düzenli olarak haftada 5 gün 30 dakika yürüyüş egzersizi yapan 18 yaş üstü 38 yetişkin (22 erkek, 16 kadın) dahil edildi. Bel çevresi, vücut ağırlığı, kan lipid profili, insülin direnci ve diğer biyokimyasal parametreler aralıklı oruçtan önce ve sonra ölçüldü. Verileri analiz etmek için eşleştirilmiş t-testi kullanılmıştır. Aralıklı oruç sonrasında bel çevresinde (ön test: 97,28±12,42; son test: 92,31±12,15, p
The Determinant Role of Self-Confidence Sources Management on Challenge and Threat Levels in Combat Athletes
Authors: Saki Ünal , Vural Mustafa , Öztaş Mehmet , Makaracı Melek
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate athletes’ self-confidence in resource management and their levels of challenge and threat. The sample of the study consisted of 259 athletes, 100 female and 159 male, who were doing sports in private and public fight clubs in Ağrı, Batman, Muş and Van provinces. In the data collection part of the study, “Personal Information Form” prepared by the researchers, “Sources of sport-Confidence Questionnaire” adapted into Turkish by Miçooğulları and Kirazcı and “The Challenge and Threat in Sport Scale” adapted into Turkish by Gürbüz et al. were used. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between athletes’ sources of self-confidence and their challenge s and threat, and a regression test was used to determine the effect. The results showed a positive and moderate relationship between SSCQ and challenge (r=.517 p=.001, one of the sub-dimensions of the CAT-Sport. The total score (R2=.231 p=.001), expertise (R2=.258 p=.001), and physical and mental preparation (R2=.245 p=.001) sub-dimensions of the SSCQ showed a positive effect on the challenge sub-dimension of the CAT-Sport. These statements can be considered to positively affect athletes’ performance by turning into challenge if they can manage their self-confidence resources correctly. These findings suggest that athletes’ self-confidence resources, especially physical and mental preparation and perceptions of expertise, play an important role in increasing their challenge levels. In this context, it is suggested that strategies to improve athletes’ self-confidence resources may increase their ability to cope with challenge.
SIMULATION OF A NEUTRON GENERATOR BASED ON A LASER-PLASMA DIODE WITH MAGNETIC ISOLATION
Authors:   MIREA - Russian Technological University, ISAEV A.A. , VOVCHENKO E.D. ,   National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», KOZLOVSKIJ K.I. ,   National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», SHIKANOV A.E. ,   National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI»
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of modeling a diode accelerator for neutron generation with a laser deuteron source and a system for suppressing electronic conductivity by magnetic fields. Variants of the formation of an insulating magnetic field by annular permanent magnets and a spiral electrodynamic line are considered. The possibility of implementing an effective pulsed neutron generator based on such an accelerator is shown. The results of the conducted computer and physical experiments allow us to expect record values of the neutron energy price to be achieved using the T(d,n)4He nuclear reaction.
SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT IN FCC↔HCP MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE CR20FE20MN20CO35NI5 HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOY SINGLE CRYSTALS WITH OXIDE PARTICLES
Authors:   Tomsk State University, KIREEVA I.V. , CHUMLYAKOV Y.I. ,   Tomsk State University, SARAEVA A.A. ,   Tomsk State University, VYRODOVA A.V. ,   Tomsk State University, POBEDENNAYA Z.V. ,   Tomsk State University, KUKSGAUZEN D.A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

Effect of oxide particles (15-50 µm in size and 2-4% of a volume fraction) on the development of the reverse FCC↔HCP martensitic transformation (MT) and the shape memory effect (SME) under tensile stress of σt = 150 MPa in the «cooling-heating» cycle of the [͞144]-oriented crystals of the Cr20Fe20Mn20Co35Ni5 high-entropy alloy (HEA) was studied. It was shown that at σt = 150 MPa, the particles are sources of nucleation of HCP martensite variant with a low Schmid factor. The obtained maximum SME of 10.5% was achieved through training effect in the «cooling-heating» cycle at σt = 150 MPa. Upon cooling/heating at σt = 150 MPa, up to temperature M d, FCC↔HCP MT developed successively in three systems of HCP martensite and was completely reversible. The maximum reversible transformation strain εrev = 8% was realized in the primary system with the maximum Schmid factor m HCP = 0.5. In the two other systems with the Schmid factor m HCP < 0.5, the total εrev was 2.5% on the average. A thermodynamic description of the development of FCC↔HCP MT under stress in three systems is presented.
COHERENCE DISTRIBUTION IN THE CROSS-SECTION OF A PARTIALLY COHERENT VORTEX-FREE BESSEL-GAUSSIAN BEAM
Authors:   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, LUKIN I.P.
Published: December 2024

This paper is devoted to the theoretical study of the coherence distribution in the cross-section of a partially coherent vortex-free Bessel-Gaussian beam propagating in a uniform medium. Based on the Huygens - Fresnel principle, we obtained a second-order mutual coherence function of a given beam in a paraxial approximation. It turned out that there is a dependence of the coherence degree and the integral scale of coherence of a partially coherent vortex-free Bessel-Gaussian beam on both the correlation width of the source field and the sum coordinate and mutual orientation of the vectors of the sum and difference coordinates of the observation points.
Twin Ghosts: Evil Twin Attacks in Wireless Networks and Defense Mechanisms
Authors: Kara İlker
Published: December 2024

With the increasing adoption of wireless network technologies, a variety of attacks targeting these networks have emerged, posing significant threats to user security. One prominent type of attack is the evil twin attack, which involves the creation of fake access points, often referred to as "evil twins." In this type of attack, a malicious actor sets up a fake access point (AP) designed to closely resemble a legitimate one, thereby deceiving users into believing it is trustworthy. By exploiting these fake APs, attackers can capture user credentials and gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, potentially leading to financial exploitation or system breaches. Due to the covert nature of evil twin attacks, they can be highly effective without the users' awareness. In this study, explores the risks posed by evil twin attacks and investigates defense strategies to address the security challenges in wireless networks. To achieve this, a scenario involving an evil twin attack is developed and analyzed. In this scenario, an attacker establishes a fake wireless access point in a café or public area near the targeted institution, replicating the institution's network name and security settings to trick users into connecting to the malicious network. This study underscores the potential impacts of such attacks and outlines critical measures that both users and institutions should implement to safeguard against these threats.
Exergo-environmental sustainability assessments of organic Rankine cycle plants powered by a typical abandoned oil well
Authors: Agberegha Larry Orobome , Oyekale Joseph
Published: December 2024

Economic and technical factors often force players in the oil and gas sectors to abandon oil wells with significant but minimal energy contents. To promote energy efficiency, efforts are ongoing to explore viable means of recovering such residual energy, basically as geotherms, for power generation. However, there are sparse studies in the literature that assess the exergo-environmental sustainability potentials of power generation from ORC using abandoned oil wells as the primary energy source, thereby necessitating this study.
The exergetic sustainability and exergo-environmental performance of non-recuperative and recuperative organic Rankine cycle (ORC) plants were assessed in this study for the production of electricity from abandoned oil wells. The geomechanical properties of a typical oil well in Nigeria were employed as inputs into an established COMSOL model to determine the thermal profile of the heat source. For the ORC plant, the mass, energy, and exergy balance equations defined by the Thermodynamics laws were implemented in MATLAB. Also, MATLAB was adopted for computing the exergetic sustainability and exergo-environmental metrics for the individual components and the entire system.
Results showed that the condenser exhibited the least exergo-environmental sustainability for both ORC schemes assessed, meaning that it contributed the most to energy wastages among the system components. Furthermore, results showed that the exergo-environmental impact rates of the condenser are highest in both cases. Generally, results showed that the inclusion of a recuperator would improve the exergy-based environmental sustainability of the ORC plant. Specifically, the overall rate of exergo-environmental impact would decrease from around 86 Pt/h to about 76 Pt/h, amounting to approximately 13% decrease.
Determination of radon gas levels in the air in the faculty building (Bitlis)
Authors: Şahin Bal Sultan , Dervişoğlu Koç Yonca
Published: December 2024

Living things are exposed to internal and external natural radiation throughout their lives. Natural radiation consists mostly of cosmic rays and terrestrial radiation sources containing many radioisotopes. While uranium, thorium and potassium are the main radionuclides that constitute terrestrial natural radiation sources; radon is a radioactive gas that occurs naturally by the decay of uranium found in soil, rocks and water. People are mostly exposed to natural radiation due to building construction materials and indoor radon concentration.
In this study, measurement of radon gas activity concentration levels in the air in Bitlis Eren University Faculty of Science and Letters building was made using an active radon measurement detector (AlphaGUARD). As a result of these measurements; The average radon activity concentration was determined as 41.13 Bq/m3. When the measurement results are compared with the limit values; It has been determined that there is no risk to health. Annual effective dose equivalent, AEDE, (average 0.889 mSv/y) and excess lifetime cancer risk, ELCR, (average 3.545) parameters were calculated using radon activity concentration values.
Diversity of Conditions and Forms of Learning Interaction as a Factor of Academic Performance
Authors: Kosaretsky S.G.
Published: December 2024

In light of the increasing diversity within schools and classrooms, the issue of risks and opportunities for the success of every child is becoming increasingly significant. This article offers an overview of the current research on the relationship between the diversity of school and classroom compositions and the academic achievement of students. It also explores approaches to organizing cooperative learning and peer tutoring in heterogeneous classes. The possibilities and limitations of existing research in educational policy and pedagogical practice are examined. The potential of cultural-historical psychology, particularly the socio-genetic psychology of educational interactions, is substantiated for further research.
Evidence-based Social Service Design: Competencies Model of a Non-profit Organization Specialist
Authors: Podushkina T.G. , Gani С.В.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the results of studying the needs of specialists of non-profit organizations dealing with the topic of family and childhood in the development of professional competencies in the field of social service design. The study has confirmed the relevance of professional and advanced training among social service professionals. The study made it possible to identify the main priority areas in project skills training in the non-profit sector and develop on their basis a model of professional competencies of a social service professional, including 9 clusters in three main areas: “Project Community”, “Project Cycle” and “Project Infrastructure”. The competence model presented in the work formed the basis of a 72-hour advanced training course, and is also implemented within the framework of the master's program "Evidence-based design and evaluation of projects in the field of social risk management in social service" of the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education.
Analysing the 4th Grade Social Studies Book in Terms of Including Literary Genres
Authors: Sami Elif , Doğan Muhammet Fatih
Published: December 2024

Textbooks are a decisive and guiding tool in teaching lessons for reasons such as being prepared according to learning outcomes and being accepted by the Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Instruction. The Social Studies Curriculum mentions that the course should be supported with literary products “by using genres such as legends, epics, tales, proverbs, true stories, folk songs and poems”. In this framework, literary genres should be utilised in the content of textbooks to set an example. This study examines the social studies textbooks taught in the 4th grade regarding the number of literary genres and their contexts. The document analysis method, a qualitative research method, was used in this study. The collected data were analysed via content analysis. As a result, it was determined that the most common genres in the textbook were interviews, anecdotes, and biographies. The interview, the most common literary genre found in all units, was analysed in terms of the contexts it addressed. The program's acquisitions, basic skills, values, and explanations were considered.
Filistin’de İki Devletli Çözümün Önündeki Engeller ve Bir Çözüm Önerisi
Authors: Metin Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Filistin’i ele geçiren Britanya burada Siyonistlere bir Yahudi yurdu kurma sözü verdi. Arap çoğunluğu yok sayan bu girişim Yahudi yurdunu kurmayı başaramadığı gibi Filistinli gruplar arasında büyük bir düşmanlığa sebep oldu. Britanya’nın 1948’de sorunu çözmeden manda yönetimini sona erdirmesi Araplar ve Yahudiler arasında çatışmayı kaçınılmaz kıldı. İsrail’in sistematik işgali ise sorunu çözümsüzlüğe mahkûm etti. Bu çalışmanın amacı Filistin-İsrail meselesinde en makul çözüm olarak görülen iki devletli çözümün önündeki engelleri ortaya koymaktır. Bu engeller İsrail’den, Filistin’den ve uluslararası toplumdan kaynaklanan engeller olarak üç başlıkta ele alındı. Çalışma göstermiştir ki, İsrail’de aşırı sağın yükselişi ve yayılmacı (irredentist) Siyonist devlet aklı, Filistin’de direniş örgütleri arasında birliğin ve ortak hareket imkanının sağlanamaması ve uluslararası arenada baskın bazı devlet, örgüt ve şirketlerin BM kararlarına aykırı olarak İsrail işgalinin yanında hizalanması çözümün önündeki en büyük engellerdir.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ YABANCILARIN ÇALIŞMA HAYATINA VE SOSYAL GÜVENLİK SİSTEMİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: Yılmaz Leyla , Uğur Suat
Published: December 2024

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin demografik yapısı; şehirleşme, teknolojik değişimler, ekonomik koşullar, iç ve dış göçler vb. unsurlardan etkilenmektedir. Nüfusun doğal değişimi olan doğum ve ölüm istatistiklerine de etki eden göçler sosyal devlet politikaları üzerinde de değişiklikler yapmaktadır. Devletin yabancılar için üstlendiği sorumluluklar sosyal güvenlik sisteminin sürdürülebilirliğini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir.
Literatür taraması ve veri incelemeleri yapılan bu çalışmada başta Suriyeli yabancılar olmak üzere yabancıların Türk çalışma hayatına ve sosyal güvenlik politikalarına etkisi incelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda ülkeye giriş yapan yabancıların teknolojik imkânlardan da yararlanarak kayıt altına alınması ve kayıt dışı istihdamlarının engellenmesi önerilmekte ve yabancılarla ilgili karşılaşılabilecek sorunlar için çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır.
Fashion Sector and Artificial Intelligence Applications
Authors: Kaya Özlem , Aytaç Serpil
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence is one of the technologies that has been used in different stages of the fashion sector for a long time. Recently, with the emergence of new artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT and Midjourney, the fashion sector has begun to become one of the centers of these applications. The industry's picture of using artificial intelligence applications has strengthened the idea that artificial intelligence, which is on the agenda of fashion, may be the technology that will draw the future of fashion.
Artificial intelligence technologies can be used in different areas in the fashion sector. In this field, it provides benefits in its processes and methods, especially in fashion design. Artificial intelligence technologies are used more intensively in the fashion sector in areas such as the design process, demand forecasting, selection (preference determination), and communication. Artificial intelligence applications, which have been one of the most frequently discussed topics of recent times with the advantages they offer to the sector, have managed to become one of the most important topics of today. In this context, in this article, artificial intelligence applications used in the sector are included and sample model analyzes are made with ChatGPT. In this context, the study aimed to reveal the situation of artificial intelligence applications in the fashion sector and emphasized the advantages it offers to the sector by presenting some examples.
Türkiye’de Uluslararası Koruma Altında Bulunan Yabancıların İstihdamının Mevzuat Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yüksel Oktay Elif , Güder Fatmanur
Published: December 2024

Türkiye geçmişte de günümüzde de uluslararası göçe konu olan ülkelerin arasında yer almaktadır. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde göçmenlerin Türkiye’yi esas olarak Avrupa’ya veya bir başka üçüncü ülkeye gitmek üzere transit geçiş amacıyla kullandığı, son yıllarda ise hedef ülke olarak tercih etmeye başladıkları görülmektedir. Türk mevzuatında Türkiye’den koruma talep eden yabancılara ilişkin hukuki statü; uluslararası koruma veya geçici koruma statüsü şeklindedir. 6458 sayılı Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanunu’na göre “ayrılmaya zorlandıkları ülkeye geri dönemeyen ve acil ve geçici koruma bulmak için kitlesel olarak Türkiye’ye göç eden kişilere geçici koruma statüsü” verilmektedir. Çalışmamızın konusunu oluşturan uluslararası koruma statüsü verilen yabancılar ise mülteci, şartlı mülteci ve ikincil koruma altına alınan yabancılardır. Gerek uluslararası koruma gerekse de geçici koruma altında olan kişilerin sahip oldukları hak ve özgürlükler başta 1951 tarihli Mültecilerin Hukuki Statüsüne İlişkin Cenevre Sözleşmesi olmak üzere uluslararası sözleşmelere dayanmaktadır. Temel insan haklarından biri olan çalışma hakkı da uluslararası hukuka dayanan hak ve özgürlüklerden biridir. Bununla birlikte istihdama ilişkin sorunlar ülkesinden ayrılarak başka bir ülkeye sığınan yabancıların yaşadığı en önemli sorunlar arasındadır. Türkiye’de yabancıların istihdamı “Uluslararası İşgücü Kanunu”na uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada uluslararası koruma kavramı ve kapsamı ele alınarak uluslararası koruma altındaki yabancıların çalışma hayatına ilişkin mevcut durumları mevzuat bağlamında incelenmektedir.
Bariatric surgery’s impact on hepatic cirrhosis: a therapeutic bridge in advanced liver disease
Authors: Lee Yong , Jonthan Pavlos , Chen Winnie , Grulich Catharina
Published: December 2024

Hepatic cirrhosis, compounded by obesity, presents a significant clinical challenge, with limited therapeutic options to improve liver function and survival. Bariatric surgery has emerged as a potential intervention, offering metabolic and hepatic benefits. This study evaluates the impact of bariatric surgery on cirrhotic patients, synthesizing evidence from 20 studies using the PRISMA framework. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, identifying 20 studies that assessed the outcomes of bariatric surgery in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Key outcomes included changes in liver function (MELD and Child-Pugh scores), survival probabilities, weight loss, and post-operative complications. Data were extracted, analyzed, and synthesized to provide a comprehensive evaluation of bariatric surgery's role in this population. Bariatric surgery was associated with significant improvements in liver function, with MELD scores decreasing by an average of 28.6% and Child-Pugh scores transitioning many patients from Class B to Class A. Survival analysis revealed stabilization of survival probabilities at 70% within the first six months and 55-60% at 12 months. Weight loss outcomes were substantial, with an average excess weight loss of 60-70%. Post-operative complications were observed in 20-30% of patients, with the majority occurring within the first six months. Evidence quality, assessed using the GRADE system, was high for liver function and weight loss outcomes but moderate to low for complications. In conclusion, Bariatric surgery offers a promising therapeutic bridge for cirrhotic patients with obesity, improving liver function, survival, and metabolic health. While the findings are encouraging, careful patient selection and perioperative management are critical to optimizing outcomes. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore long-term benefits.
Drug prescription pattern in asthma in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Sethumadhavan Sruthi , Parvathy Kala Kesavan , Sulaiman Shajahan Purathel
Published: December 2024

Background: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, affecting millions of individuals is a global health concern. It necessitates long-term management for optimal outcomes. impacting therapy costs and patient’s compliance. This study was done to analyse current prescribing trends in the management of asthma patients. This study examines current asthma treatment trends to enhance patient care and disease outcomes.
Methods: This is an Observational cross-sectional study conducted at Government T. D. medical college, Alappuzha between October 2019 to September 2022. All patients clinically diagnosed with or a previously known case of asthma between 18-60 years of both sex attending the outpatient department of Pulmonary Medicine who gave consent for study were included. Data was collected by interviewing and from the patients OP card using a prestructured proforma. Data collected included patient details, allergy and smoking history, comorbid conditions, drugs prescribed for asthma along with dose, route and frequency of administration, concomitant medications, diagnostic tests if any.
Results: Out of 200 asthma cases, 119 (59.5%) were females. The mean age was 43.95±10.62 years. 21 patients (10.5%) were smokers. 57 (28.5%) patients had an allergic predisposition. Hypertension n=48 (24%) was the most common comorbidity among the patients. A mean of 3.05±1.52 drugs per prescription. Out of 609 drugs prescribed, 450 (73.89%) drugs were from the National list of essential medicines (NLEM) and 366 (60.09%) drugs were from the WHO essential list. A combination of LABA with ICS was the most common drug given in 121 (60.5%) patients followed by Glucocorticoids 101 (50.5%) and PDE-inhibitor-Deriphylline 74 (37%) patients. Antibiotics was prescribed in 43 (21.5%) patients. 164 (82%) patients received a combination therapy. Out of the 609 drugs prescribed, 334 (54.8%) were oral followed by inhalational route 264 (43.3%).
Conclusion: Study demonstrates the variability of drug utilization in asthma patients. The rising significance of PPMS (Prescription pattern monitoring studies) stems from heightened marketing of new medications, shifts in prescribing patterns and drug consumption, escalating worries regarding delayed adverse reactions, drug costs, and prescription volumes.
Comparison of safety and efficacy of silodosin versus mirabegron in medical expulsive therapy for lower ureteric stone: a prospective, open label and randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sharma Ira , Sood Atal , Sharma Kulbhushan , Sawaraj Sushma , Patiyal Nitin
Published: December 2024

Background: Urolithiasis the most common condition affecting genitourinary tract and affect 5 to 10% of population worldwide. Almost all ureteric stones are symptomatic, and patients need to receive immediate evaluation and pain relief treatment. Passage of stone is facilitated by medical expulsive therapy (MET). Overall, 71-98% for stones in the distal ureter that are 5 mm or smaller passes with MET while 29-98% for stones in the proximal ureter that are 5 mm or smaller passes with MET. Silodosin (alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) and mirabegron (β-3 agonist) were compared for stone expulsion and analgesic effects for symptomatic relief.
Methods: The study was conducted in the department of pharmacology and the department of urology at Dr. R. P. G. M. C., Kangra at Tanda Himachal Pradesh, India which is 700 bedded multispecialty tertiary health care from August 2023to May 2024 and follow-up was done for 4 weeks after initiation of treatment, to compare the safety and efficacy of silodosin versus mirabegron in medical expulsion therapy for lower ureteric stone of size≤10 mm in adults.
Results: In our study patients in silodosin treatment arm had a smaller number of colick episodes (mean 1.65±1.02) during MET as compared to group (mean 2.23±1.07) receiving mirabegron (p=0.011). Patients in silodosin group had significantly lower analgesic requirement (mean 2.10±1.58) as compared to patients in mirabegron (mean 3.30±1.96) which is also statistically significant (p=0.002). Patients in silodosin group had highly significant lower time for stone expulsion (mean 10.0±5.3) as compared to that in patients in mirabegron group (mean 15.7±7.1) (p=0.0004). Overall, incidence of side effects was similar in both groups.
Conclusions: Silodosin demonstrated superior efficacy over Mirabegron in terms of reducing colic episodes, analgesic requirement and stone expulsion time in the management of ureteric calculi. No significant adverse events were reported in either group during the study period
Evaluation of anti-anxiety activity of Garcinia indica using Vogel water lick conflict test in rats
Authors: Rane Pratik , Narkar Nimish , Kewlani Aakash , Bhalerao Seema , Nayak Usha , Das Sayan
Published: December 2024

Background: Anxiety is usually described as a psychological, physiological and behavioural state induced in animals and humans by a threat to well-being or survival, either actual or potential. In modern medicine, benzodiazepines are still commonly used anti-anxiety agents in spite of their unfavourable adverse effect profile. Traditional herbs like Garcinia indica (Kokum) known to have possible therapeutic relevance in treatment of anxiety as a potential anxiolytic herb. So, this study was conducted to evaluate anti-anxiety effect of Garcinia indica in both, low and high doses, using Vogel’s conflict test which is of broad significance to clinical anxiety.
Methods: Wistar albino rats of either sex (150-250 g) were divided into four groups with eight rats in each group. Different groups were given distilled water (0.5 ml p.o.), Diazepam (1 mg/kg p.o.), Garcinia indica (1.75 gm/kg p.o.) and Garcinia indica (3.5 gm/kg p.o.) respectively. Effect of test drugs on anxiety was evaluated using Vogel’s water lick conflict test. Parameters such as number of water licks, total number of shocks tolerated were assessed. Results expressed in mean and standard deviation were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by Tukey’s test.
Results: Diazepam and high dose Garcinia indica (3.5 gm/kg) showed statistically significant increase in number of water licks and number of shocks tolerated but low dose Garcinia indica (1.75 gm/kg) did not show any significant increase in these parameters.
Conclusions: This study shows that high dose Garcinia indica possess significant anti-anxiety effect comparable to that of diazepam.
A rare case of esophageal variceal bleeding from portal hypertension due to extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in a two-year-old
Authors: Babu Dhanya , Priya A. , Yadav K. Arun Chander
Published: December 2024

Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) is a type of liver vascular disease characterized by cavernomatous transformation and obstruction in the portal veins. Congenital defects, numerous transfusions, trauma, sepsis, dehydration, and hypercoagulable disorders are important risk factors. Since most patients have no symptoms, acute extrahepatic portal vein obstruction is frequently disregarded. Hematemesis and splenomegaly without hepatic decompensation are among the symptoms that might occur in subacute and chronic stages. Imaging studies aid in the diagnosis; Doppler imaging is added to ultrasonography to visualize portal vein blood flow. MRI and CT scans are used to visualize portal vein blockage. Prevention of acute bleeding is the cornerstone in the management. Studies have shown that transhepatic thrombolysis is the preferred choice to avoid systemic side effects. Treatment for extrahepatic portal venous thrombosis involves an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, which is usually followed by conservative measures to stop variceal haemorrhage. When other forms of therapy are ineffective, liver transplantation is carried out. This case report describes a rare instance of EHPVO in a two-year-old boy who was hospitalized due to recurrent fever, increased belly circumference, and a persistent feeling of fullness in the abdomen. The patient had a surgically placed splenorenal shunt, which helped him respond well to treatment.
Bibliometric analysis on the publications of the statins-associated autoimmune myopathy: a comprehensive review
Authors: Besekar Smruti , Dhankikar Suraj , Arewar Akansha
Published: December 2024

This bibliometric analysis aimed to assess the landscape of research on statin-associated autoimmune myopathy (SAAM), focusing on publication trends, contributors, and implications for further investigation. Access to the Scopus and Web of Science databases was obtained through institutional login credentials. An advanced search using keywords "statin associated autoimmune myopathy" or "SAAM" was conducted. Data were collected from 2003 to 2022 and analysed using the Biblioshiny package in R-Studio. A total of 110 publications were identified, involving 418 authors. The analysis revealed a steady increase in publication activity on SAAM, particularly notable in 2017, 2020, 2021, and 2022, with a peak of 13 publications in certain years. However, no publications were recorded in 2014. The accumulated citations from 2003 to 2022 totalled approximately 3,000, indicating a sustained interest in the topic. Statins, being first-line drugs for conditions like hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer, underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring for associated adverse events. The analysis highlights the need for further research on SAAM, a drug-related adverse reaction, due to the widespread use of statins and their association with comorbidities. Understanding and monitoring SAAM is crucial for patient safety, and further investigation is needed to understand its mechanisms and risk factors.
A study of body fat distribution-in childhood obesity and its associated metabolic risk factors
Authors: Khurram Mir Sumsam Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: The Objective of the present study was to find out fat distribution pattern in obese children between 6 to 12 years of age as compared to non-obese children of same age.
Methods: A case control study was done between 1st July 2023 to 1st July 2024 on 138 children between 6 to 12 years of age group in Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana state. Ultra-sonographic measurement of fat thickness including maximum and minimum preperitoneal fat thickness, maximum and minimum abdominal subcutaneous fat, thickness at triceps and subscapular regions were determined in all participants. Fasting blood glucose was measured using enzymatic assay. Total cholesterol was measured by enzymatic assays.
Results: Total 138 children were enrolled in the study. Out of 138 children included in study, the study population included 69 obese (35 females and 34 males) and 69 non-obese children (33 females and 36 males). When both groups were compared, weight, Body mass Index (BMI) and ultra-sonographic measurement of body fat thickness differed significantly.
Conclusions: Obese children have high serum cholesterol, high serum triglyceride and high serum LDL levels as compared to non-obese children. In obese children, higher the fasting serum insulin level, more is the preperitoneal fat layer 5cm above the umbilicus with p-value of <0.05 which is significant.
Investigando as Ciências e a Matemática nos esportes por meio de uma proposta interdisciplinar
Authors: Bordin Eduarda , Varela do Amarante Scarlett , Martins José Arthur
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo descreve uma proposta de intervenção pedagógica interdisciplinar para o nono ano do Ensino Fundamental, integrando os componentes de Matemática e Ciências para explorar a relação entre princípios físicos e estatística em diferentes modalidades esportivas. A proposta se baseia nos pressupostos de Vygotsky para promover a aprendizagem a partir das interações com os pares e mediadas pelo professor e como estratégia didática está amparada na perspectiva denominada momentos interdisciplinares. Neste sentido, a presente proposta pedagógica apresenta situações nas quais os alunos atuam ativamente das atividades e, ao mesmo tempo, compreendem a interdependência entre diferentes matérias escolares. Com essa proposta, portanto, tanto alunos como professores podem construir ambientes de ensino e de aprendizagem explorando temáticas que envolvam situações problematizadoras cuja compreensão perpassa por várias disciplinas que tornam o currículo escolar mais conectado. Os alunos, assim, percebem a importâncias dos diferentes conhecimentos adquiridos separadamente.
Geometria em movimento: criando polígonos com origami
Authors: Lisiak Caroline , Signor Juliana , Zanol Sauer Laurete
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem prática e lúdica para o ensino de geometria por meio da construção de origamis de sólidos geométricos. Realizada durante um workshop no Evento PEnsE 2024, no IFRS Campus Farroupilha, em outubro de 2024, uma atividade fundamenta-se nas teorias de Piaget e Dewey, que destaca a importância do aprendizado por meio do concreto e de experiências comprovadas. A oficina explorou o uso de origamis como recurso para engajar os alunos, unindo conceitos geométricos e atividades manuais. No ensino de geometria, os conceitos, muitas vezes, são apresentados de forma abstrata, o que pode dificultar a compreensão dos alunos. No entanto, ao introduzir atividades práticas, como a criação de sólidos geométricos com origamis, os alunos têm a oportunidade de interagir com as formas tridimensionais de maneira concreta. Essa abordagem permite que eles visualizem e manipulem os sólidos, compreendendo propriedades de simetria e identificando elementos, como vértices, faces e arestas, de forma intuitiva. Os resultados apresentados que a proposta foi bem-sucedida: os alunos participantes, encantados com a experiência de dobrar papel e formar sólidos geométricos. A conclusão reforça a relevância de atividades lúdicas no ensino de matemática, proporcionando um aprendizado significativo e prazeroso.
O uso dos planetários na Educação Básica: uma proposta interdisciplinar conectando astronomia e sala de aula
Authors: Pedroso Rudson Da Rosa , Catelli Francisco
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um relato de experiência sobre a utilização de um planetário fixo como ferramenta didática no ensino básico, especificamente a utilização em propostas interdisciplinares, conectando objetos do conhecimento trabalhados em sala de aula com os conteúdos programáticos no planetário. Tradicionalmente associados ao ensino de astronomia, os planetários podem ser estrategicamente utilizados pelos professores para conectar conceitos complexos com suas representações tridimensionais, facilitando a compreensão dos alunos e promovendo uma aprendizagem mais significativa e imersiva. A pesquisa, realizada no Colégio Madre Imilda, envolveu a integração das atividades do planetário com disciplinas como ciências, matemática, geografia e artes. As observações e relatos de professores e alunos indicam que essa abordagem aumentou significativamente o engajamento dos estudantes, facilitando a compreensão de fenômenos complexos e promovendo uma educação mais coerente e conectada. A análise dos resultados destaca a importância da interdisciplinaridade e do uso de recursos visuais imersivos nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem, sugerindo que a integração de planetários na educação básica pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma aprendizagem mais significativa e contextualizada.
Aplicação da teoria de Piaget na aprendizagem de química através da criação de paródias musicais
Authors: Mascarello Fabiane , Farenzena Juliano
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho explora a aplicação da teoria de Piaget, um psicólogo do desenvolvimento, na integração da música ao ensino de química para melhorar a compreensão de conceitos químicos mais complexos. Piaget sugere que as crianças passam por estágios específicos de desenvolvimento cognitivo, que afetam como elas entendem conceitos abstratos, como os encontrados em química e música. Nesta perspectiva, a proposta é utilizar abordagens interdisciplinares, unindo química e música, para captar melhor a atenção dos alunos e facilitar o aprendizado, especialmente em um contexto onde é difícil manter o foco dos estudantes. O estudo apresenta uma proposta pedagógica fundamentada em Piaget que usa estratégias de aprendizagem ativa na qual os alunos, divididos em grupos, são desafiados a criar paródias musicais que expliquem princípios de conceitos de química orgânica, como Hidrocarbonetos, Álcool, Amina, Cetona, Éster e Ácidos Carboxílicos. Essa abordagem visa não apenas atrair o interesse dos educandos, mas também promover um aprendizado significativo, utilizando a música como ferramenta para representar e consolidar os conhecimentos químicos. Em suma, o trabalho propõe que a teoria de Piaget pode fornecer um embasamento teórico valioso para melhorar práticas educativas ao integrar a música como um recurso didático na sala de aula, tornando o ensino de química mais acessível e atrativo para diferentes faixas etárias.
REGISTRO DEL PLAYERO LOMIBLANCO Calidris fuscicollis (SCOLOPACIDAE) DESPUÉS DE 48 AÑOS EN EL RÍO NAPO, ECUADOR
Authors: Maldonado Casanova Gabriel Enrique , Castillo Rubén , Quimis Junior
Published: December 2024

El Playero Lomiblanco Calidris fuscicollis (Scolopacidae) es un ave vadeadora que migra desde el Ártico canadiense hasta el extremo sur de la Patagonia, una de las migraciones animales más largas del hemisferio occidental. En Ecuador existen escasos registros en tierras bajas, de manera especial en la región amazónica, donde se tiene un solo reporte confirmado (un espécimen colectado en Limoncocha, provincia de Sucumbíos, en 1975). En esta nota presentamos el segundo registro documentado de C. fuscicollis en la Amazonía de Ecuador, obtenido en Chiru Isla, provincia de Orellana, en la ribera del río Napo. Además, discutimos brevemente los registros de esta especie en Ecuador hasta 2023.
Математические модели активной зоны ториевого реактора
Authors: Калыбай А.А. , Курбанова Б. , Мансуров З.А. , Хасанейн А. , Алсар Ж. , Инсепов З.
Published: December 2024

В последнее десятилетие наблюдается экспрессивный интерес к использованию тория в качестве альтернативного топлива для ядерных реакторов. Минимально эффективный способ использования тория – добавление небольших количеств оксида тория (ThO2) к обычному оксидному топливу на основе урана. Более сложный, но более выгодный способ использования оксида тория – в системах на быстрых нейтронах со специальной конфигурацией активных зон и фертильным слоем вокруг них. При необходимости некоторого увеличения коэффициента воспроизводства может быть использовано нитридное или карбидное топливо вместо оксидного. Для развития этой области необходимо проведение дополнительных исследований по описанию основных свойств, моделированию и расчету различных подобных систем, а также разработке технологических методов и оборудования.
Синтез и характеристика активированного угля из биомассы для сорбции радиоактивного йода
Authors: Кунарбекова М.С. , Сеймуханова Л.Н. , Сапарғали И.О. , Жантикеев Ұ.Е. , Кудайбергенов К.К. , Азат С.
Published: December 2024

Ввиду растущей потребности в электроэнергии строительство атомной электростанции в Казахстане является эффективным решением данной проблемы. Это, в свою очередь, повлияет на генерацию дополнительных источников радиоактивных отходов в стране. В этой связи, управление ядерными отходами и синтез эффективных сорбентов являются актуальной задачей. Углеродные сорбенты широко применяются в системах очистки воды благодаря их способности адаптироваться к различным видам загрязнителей. Удаление радионуклидов, в том числе радиоактивного йода, является сложной задачей из-за наличия в воде и воздухе анионов и молекулярного йода. В данной работе исследуется способность углеродных сорбентов на основе биомассы поглощать йодид ионы из водной среды. Была получена серия активированных углей на основе скорлупы грецкого ореха (WN KOH), рисовой шелухи (RH KOH) и гречневой шелухи (BH KOH). Активация KOH значительно улучшила текстурные и адсорбционные характеристики сорбентов. Метод BET показал увеличение удельной поверхности и объема пор: для RH KOH до 1881,83 м2/г, для WN KOH до 2192,67 м2/г и для BH KOH до 1579,43 м2/г. ИК-спектроскопия выявила уменьшение интенсивности пиков -OH групп и появление новых пиков, соответствующих O-H и C-O связям. СЭМ-изображения показали развитую пористую структуру активированных образцов, а ЭДС-анализ подтвердил увеличение содержания кислорода после активации KOH. Сравнительный анализ сорбционной емкости показал, что образцы RH KOH (qe 217 мг/г, teq 10 ч) и BH KOH (qe 215 мг/г, teq 10 ч) были наиболее эффективными. А для образцов WN KOH понадобилось больше времени для достижения максимальной сорбционной емкости (qe 190 мг/г, teq 30 ч). Таким образом, активация KOH углеродных сорбентов улучшает их адсорбционные характеристики, что делает их перспективными для применения в системах очистки воды от радиоактивных загрязнителей.
Анализ текущего состояния и технологий конверсии лигноцеллюлозных материалов
Authors: Ергазиева Г.Е. , Мамбетова М.М. , Бекбаев К.С. , Tөлеуғазықызы А. , Даниярова А.Е.
Published: December 2024

Лигноцеллюлозные материалы представляют собой перспективное сырье для получения разнообразных ценных продуктов, таких как биотопливо, химические соединения и материалы. В данной обзорной статье представлены основные аспекты их преобразования, включая состав и источники лигноцеллюлозы, современные технологии предварительной обработки и конечные продукты. Обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки различных подходов к обработке, таких как физические, химические и биологические методы, а также их влияние на эффективность и экологическую устойчивость процессов. Статья подчеркивает ключевые вызовы и перспективы развития технологий конверсии лигноцеллюлозных материалов, что делает ее актуальной для исследователей и разработчиков в области зеленой химии и устойчивого развития.