bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Strategic Information Systems Implementation In Government Parastatals: A Case Of Kenya Forest Service, Mau Forest Conservancy
Authors: Koech Dorothy C. , Gichunge Evangeline M. , Thuo Ann
Published: June 2016

The operations of parastatals could be greatly enhanced by the wellfocused application of information systems to support improvements in productivity, management effectiveness and ultimately, the quality of services offered to citizens. Assessing the strategies of information systems (ISs) implementation has been identified as one of the most critical issues in IS field. However, studies relating to this issue within the context of kenyan parastatals are few and lack the ability to propose a major set of factors influencing the strategic IS implementation. The study sought to determine the influence of top management support, expertise, infrastructure and enduser training on strategic information systems implementation at Kenya Forest Service. The study adopted descriptive research design using a sample of 262 drawn from a population of 831 staff of the Kenya Forest Service, Head of Conservancy Mau selected using stratified and simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by questionnaires and analysed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that the relationship of top management support, expertise, end-user training and infrastructure explain a strong change in strategic information systems implementation. The study concluded that to ensure strategy is implemented as intended, senior executives must endevour to persuade the employees of their ideas and that IT professionals' technical backgrounds is critical both during the selection and acquisition of complex IT system and for the implementation of information system into adopting organizations.
Validation D’un Questionnaire De Satisfaction Évaluant La Qualité Des Services Dans Les Hôpitaux De La Région Du Grand Casablanca
Authors: Raji Imane , Mohssine Naima , Chaouch Abdelaziz
Published: June 2016

The patient satisfaction measurement provides a new perspective for analyzing the performance of health services. Surveys of "satisfaction" are a source of valuable data on outcomes and care processes to enable decision makers to improve the quality of service and better meet the expectations of patients. It is essential to have appropriate collection tools that meet the requirements and methodological rigor. There are very few valid tools for measuring the perception of patients with respect to the quality of care that integrate the specificities of the Moroccan hospital setting. We considered the reliability and degree of validity of a questionnaire used to measure perceptions vis-à-vis the quality of service patients in the Moroccan context using the Cronbach alpha coefficient correlation analysis inter items. The questionnaire showed good internal consistency of four dimensions: Cronbach Alpha> 0.7, indicating good reliability and correlation <0,6 marks independence between the dimensions or construct validity. The survey also has a good acceptability. Scores calculated dimensions can be used as an indicator in a dashboard of hospital performance ,but the adoption of an iterative development process and validation is recommended.
Catastrophic Health Expenditures And Impoverishment In Kenya
Authors: Kimani Diana N. , Mugo Mercy G. , Kioko Urbanus M.
Published: June 2016

Background: Out-of-pocket health expenditures leave households exposed to the risk of financial catastrophe and poverty whenever they entail significant dissaving or the sale of key household assets. Even relatively small expenditures on health can be financially disastrous for poor households and similarly, large health care expenditures can lead to financial catastrophe and bankruptcy for rich households. Objective: There is increasing evidence that out-of-pocket expenditures act as a financial barrier to accessing health care, and are a source of catastrophic expenditures and impoverishment. This paper estimates the burden of out-of-pocket payments in Kenya; the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health care expenditure and impoverishment in Kenya. Methods: Using Kenya Household Health Expenditures and Utilization Survey data of 2007, the study uses both descriptive and econometric analysis to investigate the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditures and impoverishment as well as the determinants of catastrophic health expenditures. To estimate the incidence and intensity of catastrophic expenditures and impoverishment, the study used both Wagstaff and van Doorslaer, (2002) and Xu et al. (2005) and applied various thresholds to demonstrate the sensitivity of catastrophic measures. For determinants of catastrophic health expenditures, a logit model was employed. Findings: Among those who utilized health care, 11.7 percent experienced catastrophic expenditures and 4 percent were impoverished by health care payments. In addition, approximately 2.5 million individuals were pushed into poverty as a result of paying for health care. The poor experienced the highest incidence of catastrophic expenditures. Conclusion: The paper recommends that the government should establish avenues for reducing the burden of out-of-pocket expenditures borne by households. This could be through a legal requirement for everyone to belong to a health insurance and targeting the poor, the elderly and chronically ill through the devolved system of the government and devolved funds.
The Impact Of Psychological Characteristics On The Effectiveness Of Motivational Interviewing Based Psychological Counseling
Authors: Petroliene Raimonda , Sinkariova Liuda , Karpovaite Dalia , Zajanckauskaite-Staskeviciene Loreta , Misiuniene Jurga , Alciauskaite Laura
Published: June 2016

It is well known that in order to control the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease patients, their lifestyle should be taken into account (American Heart Association, 2012; Klumbiene et al., 2002). Studies of various disease patients’ manners (Knight et al., 2006; Thompson et al., 2011) confirm that motivational interviewing (Miller & Rollnick, 2013) is an effective method for changing unhealthy behavior. Nevertheless, our practical experience of motivational interviewing based psychological counseling with rehabilitation hospitals’ cardiac patients’ (Sinkariova et al., 2015) revealed noteworthy observations about some participants lack of motivation to change unhealthy behavior. This observation encouraged us to start a study with the aim to find out if cardiac rehabilitation participants’ personality traits and emotional state are related to the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based psychological counseling. The study used a quasi-experiment where cardiac rehabilitation patients were assigned to control (regular rehabilitation, n=55) or experimental (rehabilitation plus motivational interviewing based psychological counseling intervention, n=64) groups. A total of 119 participants (male=83, female=36, M age=60.47, SD=8.762) attended a survey, which included NEO-FFI, HADs, and “Readiness to change questionnaire” at the beginning and end of cardiac rehabilitation. Nonparametric data analysis showed that patients’ personality traits are not related to the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based counseling, whereas depression is positively related to the effectiveness of intervention to change alcohol consumption. Conclusions/Implications: Depression as an expression of emotional state is an important feature for the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based counseling to change cardiac patients’ alcohol consumption. Further understanding of relationships between psychological characteristics and the effectiveness of intervention could help to improve cardiac diseases prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.
Respon Pemberian Hormon 2,4-D dan BAP terhadap Pertumbuhan Subkultur Kalus Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) secara In Vitro
Authors: Ayuningrum Kiki , Budisantoso Iman , Kamsinah Kamsinah
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of administration of a combination of 2,4-D and BAP on the growth of soybean callus subculture and determine the combination of 2,4-D and BAP most good for the growth of soybean callus subculture. The study design used completely randomized design (CRD) with a pattern factorials. The factor one e.i 2,4-D consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm. A factor of 2 e.i BAP consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 2, 4, dan 6 ppm. Every combination treatment repeated three times. Parameters measured include the percentage is growing callus, type of callus, dry weight and wet weight of soybean callus. The results showed that administration of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP can spur the growth of soybean callus subculture, the combination of BAP 2 ppm and 10 ppm of 2,4-D is the best combination for a percentage of callus and growing callus types, whereas the wet weight and the weight dried callus is not driven by a combination of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP
Transport Nutrien penyebab Eutrofikasi dari Daerah Tangkapan Air Waduk Mrica Banjarnegara
Authors: Piranti Agatha Sih , Soedarmadji Soedarmadji , Waluyo Gentur , Suwardi Suwardi
Published: June 2016

The transport of nutrien causing eutrophication in water from catchment area especially fosforus (P) through runoff is determined by type of landuses, slop, soils type, and land cover (Jeje,2006) . The research was conducted using a survey method. The sampling technique was done by a purposive sampling on any flooding in the rivers that pass through areas with specific land use (settlement, forest, plantations, agricultural fields and rice field). The main parameters were river discharge and the content of nutrients causing eutrophication that was phosphorus (P) in rivers. The P loadingfrom cacthment area to Mrica reservoir was 11,526,706.14 kg/year and the load allocation (LA) was 3,833,587.70 kg/year. The reservoir operational of power generating dan flushing activity were able to manage the LA up to 1,147,329.09kg/year, so the TMDL of Mrica reservoir become 4,980,916.78kg/year. It was concluded that the highest transport of P was from paddy field and then followed by respectivelly agricultural (potato) field, plantation (perhutani) field, settlement area, and forest area.
Grannies on the Net: Grandmothers’ Experiences of Facebook in Family Communication
Authors: Ivan Loredana , Hebblethwaite Shannon
Published: June 2016

Despite ageist stereotypes about older people’s abilities to engage with information and communication technologies, grandparents are increasingly engaged with digital media. Grandmothers, in particular, are primarily responsible for using of web-based services to communicate with their children and grandchildren (Quadrello et al., 2005). Photos and news from children and grandchildren, especially grandbabies, act as important incentives for grandparents to go online. The purpose of the study, therefore, was to investigate how grandmothers use Facebook to facilitate family communication with children and grandchildren who move far away from home. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with grandmothers living in Romania and Canada, having a Facebook account and relevant family members (children or grandchildren) far from home. Three themes emerged from the data indicating: 1) the tendency to switch between different platforms to facilitate family communication; 2) the relative passive use of Facebook, focusing on photos and quotations as content that trigger emotions; 3) that Facebook usage is influenced by social norms around decency and privacy. Findings suggest that family relationships play a central role in grandmothers’ motivations and behaviours surrounding Facebook use.
Instrumented Gait Analysis
Authors: Moon Daniel , Esquenazi Alberto
Published: June 2016

➢ Spasticity is a term commonly used to describe a collection of muscle overactivity patterns associated with the upper motor neuron syndrome including actual spasticity, clonus, dystonia, co-contraction, associated reactions, and flexor or extensor spasms.

➢ Gait dysfunction in the upper motor neuron syndrome can be due to a combination of paresis, impaired coordination and balance, and muscle overactivity and contracture.

➢ Treatment options include physiotherapy, assistive devices, orthotic devices, oral and intrathecal medications, intramuscular chemodenervation, neurolysis, and/or neuro-orthopaedic surgical procedures.

➢ The objective evaluation of walking and its underlying muscle activation patterns can be performed by the simultaneous collection of joint kinematics, kinetics, and dynamic electromyography (EMG) data that serve as an extension of the physical examination to better discern primary gait deviations from compensatory gait deviations as well as underlying muscle overactivity from contracture.

➢ Despite the science behind instrumented three-dimensional gait analysis, its specific contribution to clinical and surgical decision-making is not well utilized because of its associated cost, the incorrect view by some insurance companies of gait analysis being a research technique, the dearth of qualified clinical gait and motion analysis laboratories accessible to adult patients, and limited access to orthopaedic surgeons who have experience in the treatment of neurological disorders for this patient population.
Alternatif Tren Studi Qur'an di Indonesia
Authors: Saputro M. Endy
Published: June 2016

One of forces striking Qur ’anic studies in Indonesia is Qur ’anic textuality, which only able to reproduce debates around the issues of reconstruction of ulumul Qur’an in contemporary era. Furthermore, this trend seems to exclude another important issue on Qur ’anic studies in Indonesia, i.e. Qur’an in society. This pa­per aims to explore some alternative trends on the issues of Qur’an in society, arguing that the research subject of Qur ’anic studies in Indonesia should be humans, not Qur’an itself. Through this explo­ration, hopefully, research methodology and object of research on Qur ’anic studies increase with wide range of data and take impor­tant role in the shift of Islamic Studies in the world.
Telaah Tematik dan Kontekstual Terhadap Hadis-hadis tentang Interaksi Islam dan Yahudi
Authors: Tasrif Muhammad
Published: June 2016

In the era of globalization—characterized by a rapid flow of information, people, and goods with no limits—the issue of multiculturalism has been to be a challenge to Muslims. Intercul­tural meeting is something unavoidable. In this respect, the issue of the relation of Islam and Judaism is to be a crucial one. Among Muslims, the relationship has been colored by negative perception especially if it is justified by the verses of the Koran and the hadith of the Prophet. Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) is among the Mus­lim groups that have a negative perception of the relationship. This study examines the traditions of the Prophet pertaining the relation­ship of Muslims and Jews thematically and contextually, especially the social construction of HTI Ponorogo on these traditions. The­matic and contextual study of the traditions of the relationship of Muslims and Jews shows that the Prophet’s attitude toward Jews, or vice versa, varies from negative to positive, appreciative. This evidence suggests that such attitude, especially negative one, is not a permanent attitude. Instead, these attitudes had been temporar­ily and conditionally formed. Thus, based on the traditions of the Prophet, a negative permanent attitude toward Jews is not theologi­cally justified. Meanwhile, the examination of the social construc­tion of Ponorogo branch of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia shows various theological types: rigid-textualist and soft-textualist. The first group see the hadiths of the relation of Islam and Judaism as a source of Sharia which should be implemented in a fixed manner. The second group have the attitude that is consistent with the first group, by giv­ing a space for a potential change of the teaching due to the changes of circumstances.
Menggagas Pendidikan Multikultur di Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati Anin
Published: June 2016

Indonesia with diversity of ethnic, culture, tradition, social group, religion, and so on, on the one hand, has aroused the dynamics of cultural diversity and positive civilization; on the other hand, it will even become the cause of conflict and disintegration, if it is not managed wisely and comprehensively. Multicultural education in Indonesia, however, should not only become an academic discourse, but it needs to be implemented in the concrete sphere, among them is in the education realm. Here, we need a conceptual frame in its implementation, so that the problem that emerges as the effect of the diversity and religiousness bias does not become a heavy burden of this nation. Multicultural education is a reform as well as the process of education which inculcate to the students the values and beliefs the importance of uniqueness recognition at every ethnic, culture, and other social groups. There are at least five scopes in multicultural education, they are (1) promotion to strengthen cultural diversity; (2) promotion to respect human right and other different people; (3) promotion to act based on his own way of life for every human being; and (5) promotion to the importance of equality and distribution of authority among different social groups.
Integrasi Kognitif dan Perilaku dalam Pola Penanaman Disiplin Santri di Pesantren Al- Basyariah Bandung
Authors: Tajiri Hajir
Published: June 2016

The training pattern at a pesantren community has until now been viewed as the best one. The pattern can simultaneously integrate both the cognitive and the behavior of the community. They are not only oriented cognitively by their leaders and teachers but also provided with the environment and living model. This is the case of Pesantren Al-Basyariah Bandung. The school of the Pesantren emphasizes a strict discipline of the day-to-day activities over all members of the community. So, every new members of the community will be informed of a book of discipline rules which also contains the rules of punishments for any offender. The Pesantren applies a tight control over the students, involving all units of the school institution, including student organization (OSPA), and other supporting community outside the school. The cognitive-behavior pattern of training has been proved effective at Pesantren Al­Basyariah as a model of training.
Fatwa Ulama tentang Hukum Nikah Misyar Perspektif Maqasid Shari'ah
Authors: Tohari Chomim
Published: June 2016

Abstract: Misyar marriage is a model of marriage which can be defined as an official marital, relationship between a man and a woman, in which the woman waives some of the rights she would have in a normal Islamic marriage. The muslim scholars have difference opinion about the law of the such marriage. Like any other issues in Islam, it has been a point of controversy and argument, especially among theologians. In this case, some allow, some prohibit and some others are in quo status called tawaqquf in deciding the rule and regulation of such marriage. This study examines the opinions of contemporary muslim scholars based on maqa>s}id shari>’ah perspective, to see which opinion should be prioritized and selected by considering aspects of maqa>s}id shari>’ah in connection with marital contexts, and considering its benefits and harms as a result of the maqa>s}id shari>’ah. The method used in this study was library research or text study (study of documents). The results of this study concluded that the banning of misya>r marriage –certaintly in the context of Indonesian society – was mostly in line with maqa>s}id shari>’ah in a broad sense, that is, to achieve its benefits and prevent its disadvantages.
Perlindungan dan Kesejahteraan Anak dalam Perkawinan di Bawah Umur
Authors: Imron Ali
Published: June 2016

Abstract: A person who will get marriage must meet the administrative and subtantive requirements. These requirements have positive role to echieve the goal and wisdom of marriage for each side. Marriage is permited at the age of 19 years for man and 16 years for woman. Nevertheless the request of dispensation for marriage can be proposed by anyone who needs it because of some reasons. This, of course, would open the opportunity of underage marriage to happen. The dispensation for marriage should be based on the consideration of welfare and goodness of children and family. Even welfare and goodness of children should be put over the interests of parents and family magnitude as a form of the protection of children. Marriage under the age of a regulated- norm of law violates the protection and the welfare of children though they have received legal dispensation from the court . Such marriage would disturb the development of the children’s potential and cause the loss of getting social welfare.
Implementasi Wakaf Produktif di Indonesia Pasca Berlakunya UU No. 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf
Authors: Nawawi Nawawi
Published: June 2016

Abstract: Before enacting the law No. 41, 2004 about Islamic pious endowment (waqf), endowment in Indonesia was only meant for immovable properties. This endowment, then, tended to emphasize more on the aspect of preservation of endowment objects rather than the productivity aspects. What was called the productive endowments at that time, then, became a analytical discourse but had not gained the legal endorcment yet. This paper describes the implementation of productive endowment in Indonesia after post enactment the Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf. Productive endowment in Indonesia has grown up into two models: endowment in the form of money through Islamic banks and in the form of grant money used as the venture capital of productive endowment development programs from Ministry of Religious Affairs aimed at developing endowment in various sectors of the real economy throughout Indonesia. However, two models of the productive endowment have not gotten enthusiastically reception from the public at least due to two factors. First, the public perception of waqf are understood as mere worship which has nothing to do with the matter of economic development. Second, professionalism in managing Nazhir waqf is so low that make many endowments in Indonesia unproductiveconomically.
DARI MODERAT KE FUNDAMENTAL: Pergeseran Pemahaman dan Ekspresi Keagamaan Perempuan NU di Ponorogo
Authors: Ulfah Isnatin
Published: June 2016

A statement declaring that fundamentalist ideology has passed into Nahdlatul Ulama/NU is not exaggeration. This is a real fact that is currently under progress. A puritan and textual understanding of Islam is no longer alien to members of NU even in its basic strongholds. A crucial changing religious outlook from moderate to fundamental has impinged many NU leaders and proponents in traditional Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). A massive expansion of fundamentalist movement and ideology has marginalized the established moderate view. This study explores its findings regarding such changing religious ideology. It found that many NU members hold commonalities in terms of their religious views with those of fundamentalist discourses. They reject elements of local custom in Islamic practices, endorse formalization of shari’a law and support Islamic caliphate. The other members informed that they totally agree on formalization of shari’a law. This shows the changes in NU from moderate to fundamentalist that rejects to accommodate local culture in Islamic practice but support the formalization of shari’a law.      

Keywords: Islamic fundamentalism, traditionalist-moderate Islam, NU, shifting religious views
ANARKISME BERAGAMA: Tinjauan Paradigma dan Metodologi Pemahaman Ajaran Islam
Authors: Afandi Agus , Mardliyah Sjafiatul
Published: June 2016

Violence in the name of religion is a widespread phenomenon in Indonesia. The question is why such violence occurs and why Muslims are often the perpetrators of religious violence? This article examines these questions from the paradigm and method of understanding Islam. There are various methods in studying Islam promoted by different Muslim groups, such as traditionalists, modernists and post-modernists. There are also many other methods advanced by fundamentalist, apologetic modernist, modernist and secularist Muslims. These methods yield different understanding of Islam, and even more contradictory understanding. To resolve this problem, and to accommodate those various views and uphold tolerance amongst Muslims, a new shifting paradigm is needed. The shift necessitates several steps. The first is validation of all Islamic knowledge. The second is to use a holistic approach to Islam. The third step is an open attitude and willingness to accept religious reform. The forth is a multidimensional approach to Islam and the last is making the objectives of Islamic law as the highest reference in Islamic thoughts. Furthermore, Muslim groups should build up mutual understanding to reconcile and avoid being trapped in an exclusive religiosity.
Keywords: religious violence, method, paradigm, holistic principle, reconciliation
THE CONFIGURATION OF RADICAL ISLAMISM IN INDONESIA: Some Contemporary Assessments and Trajectories
Authors: Hilmy Masdar
Published: June 2016

This paper attempts at analyzing the configuration of radical Islamism in contemporary Indonesia. The basic argument developed throughout this paper is that the reality of radical Islamism will always exist as long as all necessary conditions are there. Adopting the opportunity structure theory, among the necessary conditions that lead to the birth and existence of radical Islamism are: 1) Islamist ideology derived from the sacred texts, the Qur’an and Sunnah; 2) socio-political setting and issues where Muslims live; 3) actors, the Islamists, who craft the logics of Islamist ideology based on the interplay between the issues prevalent in the Muslims’ socio-political setting and the ideology constructed from the sacred texts. This article is divided into parts as follows: 1) the streams in Islamist thought and movement; 2) the anatomy of radical Islamism; 3) the membership of radical Islamism, and 4) the trajectories of radical Islamism, before it is ended with concluding remarks.
MENGURANGI KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Kholis Nur
Published: June 2016

Abstract: Humans  have  their  own  potential  as  an  instrument  to
perfect their existence. In the process of perfecting, they always do
some  processes  as  well  as  social  interactions  to  optimize  any
potential  they  had  by  synchronizing  internal  and  external  poten-
tials of  their  social  environment. A phenomenon  shows  that  there
are  two  possibilities  resulted  by  the  process:  harmony  or  clash.
The  process  of  harmony  is  indicated  by  accomplishment  of  any
objectives  or  needs  of  each  individual  that  does  the  social
interaction. On  the  contrary,  the  clash process will happen  if  the
interactions  turn  to  violence  on  weak/poor  individual  or  group,
either structurally or culturally, socially, and economically. One of
causes  of  the  clash  resulting  violence  is  the  absence  of  social
control,  imbalance  of  hierarchical  interaction,  social  imbalance
and  poor  economy.  Multicultural  education  can  be  set  as  an
approach  in  learning/education  in  Indonesia  by  firstly  examining
its philosophical background and  educational  theory which,  then,
leads  to  the  method(s)  and  technique(s)  of  learning/education  to
shape generation that have the following characteristics: tolerated,
social-characterized,  and  aware  to  certainty  of  diversity  as
sunatullah  that  hopefully  results  in  decreasing  clash  phenomena
which lead to any violence or conflict.
POTRET KONFLIK KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT TANGERANG BANTEN DAN RESOLUSI KONFLIK BERBASIS MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Fajarini Ulfah
Published: June 2016

Conflicts still occur invariably in Indonesia although their volumes are lesser than the previous decade. However, their patterns and causes are largely still the same, in which the issues of religion, religious celebration or observation and theology are predominant. This article aims to explore sources of social conflict between the community members affiliating with Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and those of Muhammadiyah. It examines the triggering factors and the patterns of the conflict.  It also analyzes the processes of this conflict resolution which are based on the concept of multiculturalism in Islam. The data of this anthropological study were collected through both interviews and observasion and are analyzed qualitatively. This study shows the roots of the social conflict between the members of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah revolved around the issues of religious celebration, rituals and epistemic interpretation. Stigmatization, misunderstanding and exclusivity often stimulated the conflict. The concept of Islamic multicultularism must be implemented to manage Muslim internal religious relations especially in Tangerang, Banten, to settle such conflicts.
PROBLEMATIKA ANAK MENJALANKAN IBADAH DALAM KELUARGA MULTI AGAMA DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Hamdanah Hamdanah
Published: June 2016

Problems of humans vary considerably. One major problem concerns religion. Under a normal condition, one can observe religious rites properly. Problems arise, however, when one, especially children, lives in a family whose members practice different religions. This can be seen, for example, in many families in Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan. The decision to follow a particular religion and practice it in a multi religious family is challenging. There is a problem between the conscience to practice the religion in accordance to one’s own faith and the pressure to follow parents or foster parents who practice different religious. This article examines not only how adolescents choose their own religion but also how they practice religious rites in a multi religious families. Using qualitative-fenomenology approach, the data consitsed of ten families and were collected trough partipative observation and depth interview techniques. Findings show that adolescents have serious problems not only as to how they decide their own religion but also how they should observe their religious rituals. They felt confused, doubt, and event affraid of doing religious rites differently in such families. Findings also show that there are correlations between parents’ defferent religion and their low-motivation in religious activities and understanding religion.
MEMBANGUN DAMAI MELALUI MEDIASI: STUDI TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN HAMKA DALAM TAFSIR AL-AZHAR
Authors: Taufiq Imam
Published: June 2016

Scholars have formulated theories on conflict and designed its resolution on the basis of their expertise. They may come from various disciples and backgrounds, such as economics, law, sociology and even religion. In the context of Islamic religion, Muslim scholars use the verses of the Qur’an regarding conflict and extract their meanings through exegetical thematic method. This method offers explanation of conflict resolution from the Qur’anic perspectives concerning the verses on multiculturalism. But how are the multicultural verses understood?  This article elaborates Hamka’s model of exegesis on multicultural verses in his work of Tafsir al-Azhar on conflict resolution. It shows that the Qur’anic verses not only have resolution principles but also give instructions on how to apply them. The terms used by the Qur’an include al-ta‘aruf, al-arham and al-taqwa.  These concepts promote mediation that is applicable in various contexts of conflict such as in family, society, custom and law. Multiculturalism verses in Hamka’s model also offers phases of conflict resolutions, beginning from clarification to planning and mediation control. His offer, at least, stimulates Muslims’ awareness about Islamic unity and human unity.
Imagination of brand image for tourism industry
Authors: B. Latif Wasib , Aminul Islam Md. , Md. Noor Idris , Mohamad Mahadzirah , Kongsompong Kritika
Published: June 2016

The imagination of brand image for tourism industry is a combination of antecedents and moderators that create differential effects on customer response to the tourism marketing of the brand. As imagination consider framework of brand image for tourism industry. By constructing a conceptual framework of brand image for tourism industry will build a competitive advantage in the tourism marketplace. Indeed, recent trends in modern tourism marketing have changed tremendously, and study of a conceptual framework is increasingly becoming considerable to keep pace with this change. In this conceptual paper, authors have summarized the literature on currently prevailing concepts and approaches on brand image for tourism industry
Rapamycin-loaded Immunoliposomes Functionalized with Trastuzumab: A Strategy to Enhance Cytotoxicity to HER2-positive Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Eloy Josimar O. , Petrilli Raquel , Brueggemeier Robert W. , Marchetti Juliana Maldonado , Lee Robert J.
Published: June 2016

Background: Liposomes have been employed to improve pharmacokinetics and reduce side effects of drugs.
They can be functionalized with antibodies for targeted delivery. While the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab has been
employed in the therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer, the resistance developed during treatment has been reported.
Rapamycin could be used in combination with trastuzumab for improved therapeutic response.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to develop rapamycin-loaded liposomes and immunoliposomes with trastuzumab,
characterize them and evaluate their in vitro cytotoxicity.

Method: Formulations were prepared by the thin film hydration method and immunoliposome was conjugated to
antibody by covalent bond. Characterization involved particle size, polydispersity, zeta potential, encapsulation
efficiency, functionalization efficiency, DSC and FTIR assays. Cell studies were conducted through the MTT assay.

Results: SPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG formulation prepared at 1:10 drug to lipid ratio presented high encapsulation efficiency,
appropriate particle size, low polydispersity, negative zeta potential and colloidal stability. Rapamycin exhibited
intermolecular interactions with lipids and underwent crystallinity reduction. Rapamycin-loaded immunoliposomes
were prepared with high trastuzumab functionalization efficiency and antibody stability. Cytotoxicity studies showed
that the HER2-positive SK-BR-3 cell line was sensitive to trastuzumab, either as free drug or in the context of
immunoliposomes, and is more sensitive to rapamycin than the triple negative MDA-MB-231 cells. For MDA-MB-231,
the liposomal rapamycin was more cytotoxic than the free drug. Furthermore, the immunoliposomes showed potent
cytotoxicity against SK-BR-3 cells. Finally, rapamycin and trastuzumab exhibited in vitro synergistic effect, particularly
through immunoliposomes.

Conclusion: The formulation developed herein has potential for in vivo evaluation.
Computer-Assisted In Sensu Exposure for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Development and Evaluation
Authors: Görg Nora , Priebe Kathlen , Deuschel Tilman , Schüller Martin , Schriner Friederike , Kleindienst Nikolaus , Ludäscher Petra , Schmahl Christian , Bohus Martin
Published: June 2016

Background

Dissociative states during psychotherapy sessions reduce the benefit of exposure-based therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Thus, in evidence-based therapeutic programs such as dialectical behavior therapy for PTSD (DBT-PTSD), therapists apply specific antidissociative skills to reduce dissociative features during in sensu exposure.

Objective

This study sought to examine the acceptance and feasibility of the MORPHEUS program.

Methods

Patients who underwent 12 weeks of residential DBT-PTSD treatment used MORPHEUS during exposure exercises in self-management. After the treatment, they filled out evaluation questionnaires.

Results

In sum, 26 patients receiving a 12-week standard DBT-PTSD program participated in this study; 2 participants could not be analyzed because of missing data. All the patients used MORPHEUS as often as it was required according to the DBT-PTSD treatment (2 to 5 times a week). The overall acceptance and feasibility as rated by the patients was high: for example, patients found the skills useful to block dissociation (mean 4.24 on a scale from 0 to 5, SD 0.24) and stated that they would use the program again (mean 4.72 on a scale from 0 to 5, SD 0.11). Furthermore, patients indicated that they would recommend MORPHEUS to a friend (mean 4.44 on a scale from 0 to 5, SD 0.12). In 82% (32/39) of the cases, the use of antidissociative skills was related to a decrease in dissociation. In 18% (5/39), dissociation remained unchanged or increased.

Conclusions

The evaluative data suggest high acceptability and feasibility of MORPHEUS. Further studies should evaluate the effectiveness of the skills applied during the program.

Trial Registration

World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform: DRKS00006226; http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID= DRKS00006226 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/ 6hxuFbIUr)
Clientelistic relations between political elite and entrepreneurs in Serbia
Authors: Stanojevic Dragan , Gundogan Dragana , Babovic Marija
Published: June 2016

Main objective in this article is to describe in more details specific
interlinkages and exchange that is unfolding between political elite and
entrepreneurs as key actors that possess, manage and deploy economic
resources in the private sector of the economy. The focus is on the specific
mechanisms through which the exchange has been unfolding, as well as on the
perception of the functionality of the exchange for the position and
interests of both type of actors. The analysis is conducted using empirical
findings from the qualitative, in-depth research on political clientelism and
party patronage implemented in the spring 2015 upon sample of 55
representatives of political elite, 26 economic actors, 9 interlocking broker
and 8 experts. From the research, it is clear that economic actors have, to
put it mildly, ambivalent attitude towards this way of functioning of the
market. On the one hand, they feel all the risks they are exposed to:
additional expenditure, unforeseen requirements, interference in their own
personnel policy, uncertainty of their business in the long term, unfair
competition, demand unpredictability etc. On the other hand, they take this
play as given. When they think strategically, they rationally consider
alternatives and cost-benefit relationship. Although the desire to get rid of
the political embrace is present, the support that comes from that side
represents at least a short-term guarantor of their position security.
Political actors take this system as given to a certain extent and when
describing the mechanisms of its functioning, they do not question the system
itself.
Capturing resources: The role of professional communities and middle classes in fostering social reforms within Serbia
Authors: Vukovic Danilo
Published: June 2016

In this article, I analyze the role of professionals (as part of the middle
classes) and their communities in fostering reforms within the fields of
higher education and social protection, and working towards, and supporting,
the development of civil society. The analysis is based on the series of
studies that explored lawmaking and policy-making processes in the fields of
law, employment, social protection, rural development, tax policies and civil
society development. The analysis of the work of professional communities,
and the course of changes in these fields, indicates that policy networks had
a major impact on the public policymaking process. These networks bring
together typical representatives of the middle class: professionals,
government officials, professional associations, representatives of modern
non-governmental organizations, etc. The interests, upon which these networks
were based, can be classified into three groups: (1) control of conditions of
reproduction of the profession, (2) control of public resources in a given
system (which includes, but is not limited to, control of the funding
channels) and (3) control of conditions of reproduction of a given system.
All these interests have a clear redistributive character, are -in general -
focused on the control of public resources and have created an alliance
between the middle classes and the elite. Middle classes have participated in
the process of making laws and public policies in a way that has deepened the
political inequalities, and to phenomena which, by analogy with the process
of state capture by the elite, can be recognized as the capture of resources
by the middle classes. The analysis points to an important aspect of sluggish
social reforms: the lack of enthusiasm among middle classes and professional
elite in fostering deep social change which is due to their ideological and
redistributive alliances and strategies of ?resources capturing.?
Confidence in institutions in former Yugoslav Republics
Authors: Besic Milos
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we identify the main factors of confidence in institutions in
the six former Yugoslav republics. Conceptually, we introduce two theoretical
approaches: social capital theory and political approach. To test our
hypotheses, we rely on European Value Study 2008 data, and we use OLS
regression analysis. We conclude that the six countries are quite similar in
terms of identified factors of confidence in institutions. Satisfaction with
democracy proves to be the most reliable predictor of confidence in
institutions in each country. Additionally, we conclude that social capital
theory provides a better framework for explaining confidence in institutions,
rather than the political approach.
Precolonial Agricultural Terracing in Bokoni, South Africa: Typology and an Exploratory Excavation
Authors: Widgren Mats , Maggs Tim , Plikk Anna , Risberg Jan , Schoeman Maria H. , Westerberg Lars-Ove
Published: June 2016

Earlier work on the terraced settlements of the Bokoni area (16th to 19th century, Mpumalanga province, South Africa) focussed on the homesteads, their contents, layout and chronology. This paper suggests a terminology and typology of agrarian structures in Bokoni in order to improve comparative approaches in Africa and beyond. The typology and an excavation of the terracing permit possible preliminary conclusions relevant for the further analysis of the terracing and stone-walling in Bokoni. The terracing developed incrementally, whereby cultivation, stone-clearing and terracing were intermixed processes. This is supported both by the organic content in a section of a terrace and by a phytolith analysis. The phytolith analysis furthermore indicated that maize was cultivated on the terraces, but this should be seen as a pilot study only, and presence of maize in Bokoni must be tested with other archaeobotanical methods.
High-Precision Radiocarbon Dating Application to Multi-Proxy Organic Materials from Late Foraging to Early Pastoral Sites in Upper Nubia, Sudan
Authors: Garcea Elena A.A. , Wang Hong , Chaix Louis
Published: June 2016

The study area presented in this paper comprises two geographical entities in northern Upper Nubia located between the Second and the Third Cataract of the Nile River: Sai Island and the Amara West district, on the present left bank of the river. Four sites, three at Sai Island and one in the Amara West district, were excavated. They represent three distinct archaeological complexes, named Arkinian, Khartoum Variant, and Abkan, which encompass a long time period from ca. 11,000 to 6000 cal years BP (9000–4000 BC) and range from late foraging to early pastoralism. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating was applied to multiproxy materials in order to provide a frame of reference for this important chronological and economic period in this area. Different types of materials were selected, namely wood charcoal, charcoal tempers in pottery, ostrich eggshell, and aquatic gastropod shells. Twenty-four new AMS radiocarbon dates are presented to (a) cross-check the accuracy and reliability of the chronology of late foraging and early pastoral sites in our study area; (b) integrate, update, and revise the previously available radiometric dates; and (c) reconstruct a comprehensive framework of the chronology of late foraging and early pastoralism in Upper Nubia.
Health Problems of the Elderly Population in Some Selected Urban Slums of Dhaka City
Authors: Farah Shayela , Karim Mohoshina , Khatun UH Shahera
Published: June 2016

Aging is universal and it is inescapable, beginning at birth, which should be regarded as a normal biological process leading to functional deterioration, vulnerability and ultimately culminating to extinction of life. Population ageing is becoming a major concern both in the developed and developing countries. Many health problems are known to increase with age and this demographic trend may lead to an increase in the absolute number of health conditions in this population. To identify health problems of elderly population and assess their socioeconomic condition. This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out over 531 elderly people selected purposively from some urban slums of Dhaka city during July to December, 2013. Each eligible participant was informed about the purpose and procedure of the study. Trained interviewers collected information by face to face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire having both structured and open ended questions. Majority 389 (73.3%) were from the age group of 60-69 years. The mean age of the respondents was found to be 65 years; (SD±7.048). Majority of them were male 68.7%, illiterate 78.8%, employed as small businessman 26% and belonged to joint family 75.0%. Their average monthly income was 4747.02 ± 2796.368 Taka. About 272(51.2%) respondents were dependent on other earning family members. A significantly higher proportion of women suffered from diabetes, hearing impairment, vertigo, joint pain, depression, while chest pain, chronic cough, difficulty in micturation, anxiety were observed more in elderly men. The study sheds new light which may help to provide adequate guideline for the senior citizens to overcome old age health problems. As there is a rapid increase in the number of elderly population, there is an urgent need to develop affordable and accessible health care services.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(4): 202-206