bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burden and Psychological Well-being among Schizophrenia Patients’ Caregivers
Authors: salmanziafarooqui@yahoo.com
Published: January 2021

Abstract:There exists definite scarcity of studies seeking burden nd psychological well-being among caregivers andinterfacing among them. This study therefore is aimed to investigate burden and psychological well-being amongSchizophrenia patients’ caregiver for this purpose, sample of 100 patients facing schizophrenia and caregivers ofsuch patients was selected at random from patients admitted in female and male wards of psychiatric center, KarachiPakistan as per exclusion and inclusion criteria selected and used the PGWI (Psychological General Well-beingIndex) and BAS (Burden Assessment Schedule).Results of study identified that about 8 percent of caregivers reported that they were experiencing the moderateburden levels while caring for schizophrenia patients while older people felt relatively more burden (r = 0.334)while spouses (po 0.0001). In addition results revealed that the psychological well-being is relatively lower amongold age caregivers (r = 0.44) and among the caregivers with higher in siblings and lower in education status (p =0.002). Study identified strong negative relationship between psychological well-being and burden (r = -0.81)among caregivers, giving care to schizophrenia patients.Study, therefore concluded that the care given to the patients of schizophrenia is depending on primary caregivers,therefore it is essential and important to plan necessary strategies and interventions in order to minimize andreducing the burden, resulted into improved psychological well-being.Keywords: Schizophrenia, Psychological well-being, burden, caregivers.
Vietnam's Underground Economy: Where "Sharks" Were Food
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

Since mid-2000s, Vietnamese have paid much more attention to financial investments and transactions. This is not to say that individual investments had not been in place before the time, but the scale of private financial transactions and the degree of attention brought to the public had never been as large and high as since mid-2000s.
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for COVID-19 in Pregnant Women.
Authors: Fesler Melissa , Stricker Raphael B.
Published: January 2021

Pregnant women are at higher risk for developing severe complications of COVID-19 including preterm delivery, respiratory failure and death. Although vaccines to prevent COVID-19 are being developed, pregnant women are not included in the current COVID-19 vaccine trials and initially this population may not be eligible for COVID-19 vaccines due to lack of safety testing in pregnancy. As an alternate approach, we discuss the concept of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using medications that are approved for use in pregnant women to prevent gestational problems and severe illness in this high-risk population. In particular, the use of hydroxychloroquine PrEP affords a safe and readily available means to avoid COVID-19 complications in pregnancy.
Nghiệp vụ kinh doanh chứng khoán
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

Thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam đã trải qua gần 15 năm ra đời và phát triển, hoạt động của thị trường ngày càng đa dạng và phong phú đã dẫn đến một lĩnh vực kinh doanh mới là kinh doanh chứng khoán. Do vậy việc nâng cao trình độ nghiệp vụ kinh doanh chứng khoán là cần thiết đối với cán bộ quản lý kinh tế, tài chính, các nhà đầu tư trên thị trường chứng khoán. Thực tế đó, đòi hỏi phải trang bị cho sinh viên các chuyên ngành về quản lý kinh tế, quản lý tài chính và đặc biệt là sinh viên chuyên ngành tài chính, nhằm giúp cho sinh viên sau khi tốt nghiệp có đủ kiến thức cơ bản để tiếp cận với lĩnh vực chứng khoán nói chung, kinh doanh chứng khoán nói riêng. Chính vì vậy việc biên soạn giáo trình môn học “nghiệp vụ kinh doanh chứng khoán” là yêu cầu bức thiết nhằm đáp ứng yêu cầu đổi mới chương trình giảng dạy của nhà trường.
KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL JANDA TEREKSPLOITASI (STUDI KASUS DI KELURAHAN TETEBATU KECAMATAN PALLANGGA KABUPATEN GOWA)
Authors: Agustang Andi , Ariani Andi Irma , Asrifan Andi
Published: January 2021

Sejak dahulu pernikahan usia dini sudah terjadi dari dahulu sampai sekarang, bahkan dari nenek-nenek moyang. Ini terjadi karena kurangnya pengetahuan warga setempat sehingga menyebabkan pernikahan usia dini. Remaja disana telah terdoktrin bahwa ketika memasuki umur 20 tahun keatas itu kemudian belum memutuskan untuk menikah adalah “perawan tua”. Di kelurahan Tetebatu ada lorong yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan “kampung janda” Mengapa ? karena di sana dominan terjadi perceraian pada usia muda, yang di nikahkan oleh orang tuanya dikarenakan masalah himpitan ekonomi seperti yang dapat menimbulkan konflik internal dalam keluarga, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, tidak jelasnya sumber pendapatan (kerja), serta kebutuhan anak yang semakin hari semakin tinggi. Kemudian persoalan mendasar dari seorang anak perempuanya itu ketika memasuki usia dewasa, banyak orang tua menginginkan anaknya untuk tidak menjadi perawan tua, menjadi perawan tua bagi kebanyakan masyarakat dianggap sebagai bentuk kekurangan yang terjadi pada diri perempuan. Kondisi itulah yang menjadikan timbulnya persepsi bahwa remaja desa akan lebih dulu menikah daripada remaja kota. Anggapan tersebut muncul karena kurangnya pengetahuan dari masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pendidikan bagi remaja.
SUPT6H is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the suppressor of Ty 6 homolog, encoded by SUPT6H, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. SUPT6H mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SUPT6H in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of SUPT6H expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
The Effect of Thanatology Intervention Programme on Knowledge and Attitude of Secondary School Students in Anambra state Nigeria
Authors: NNAEMEZIE Nkiru Onyinyechukwu , OKAFOR J.O. , LOVETH IFEDIORA UCHENNA , C.R ARINZE
Published: January 2021

Abstract Introduction: The manner in which a child would cope with dying and death situation would be determined by what the child already know and what knowledge concerning thanatology the child had been exposed to previously. This study was concluded to determine the effect of thanatology intervention programme on knowledge and attitude of secondary school students in Anambra State Nigeria. Method: The study was delimited to Awka South Local Government Area of Anambra State. Quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test control group design was used on 282 junior and senior secondary school students selected from four secondary schools which included two private schools and two public schools and they were divided into control and experimental groups. The research instrument was a researcher-developed instrument on knowledge and attitude towards thanatology. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer research questions. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to answer the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The results of the study revealed that there was an increasein the knowledge and attitude of secondary school students after the thanatology intervention programme. Conclusion: Based on the various findings of the study, it was concluded that thanatology has great effect on the students’ knowledge and attitude. Furthermore, it is recommended that thanatology should be taught both informally and formally to help remove or control the fear of dying and death in them.
TOB1 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the transducer of ERBB2, 1, encoded by TOB1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. TOB1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TOB1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient post progression survival. Modulation of TOB1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
DLGAP4 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that disks-large associated protein 4, encoded by DLGAP4, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. DLGAP4 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DLGAP4 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of DLGAP4 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Application of Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Determination of the Solar Electric Potential in Gorkha Bazzar, Nepal
Authors: Khatiwada Aamod , Dhakal Rabin , Shrestha Sirapa
Published: January 2021

It is inevitable fact that the use of excessive fossil fuel has establisheditself as a major concern for the existence of living kinds in the world. So thedevelopment of renewable energy source has been the must task to minimize theenergy crisis as well as the problems created by the use of fossil fuels. Nepal is acountry with geographical and climatic diversity in South East Asia with meansolar radiation of 4.7 kWh/m2 per day and a surface area of 1, 47,181 km2. It isthe region in South East Asia with a tremendous amount of solar energy potential.Among three major geographical regions namely Himalayan, Hilly and Terairegion, this study has been performed at Gorkha Municipality, located at centralNepal in Hilly region to determine the solar energy potential for grid-connectedphotovoltaic systems installed on rooftops. A methodology was developed, inwhich the characteristics of the buildings were categorized, followed by thecalculation of the roof surface area where photovoltaic panels could be installed.After that, the mean solar irradiation characteristics were defined as well as thetechnical parameters of the photovoltaic systems. With all these factors, theamount of electricity that could be potentially generated per year by solar panelsis estimated. Finally, the calculations were made to estimate the amount ofelectricity that could be generated with the implementation of incrementalconductance method for tracking the maximum Power Point and also, the systemwas developed using Arduino, PHP programming language, current and voltagesensors which aids for the maintenance of the installed photovoltaic cells.
Local Housing Market Dynamics Predict Rapid Shifts in Cultural Openness: A Nine-Year Study across 199 Cities
Authors: Götz Friedrich Martin , Ebert Tobias , Gosling Samuel D. , Obschonka Martin , Rentfrow Jason
Published: January 2021

Accumulating evidence suggests that culture changes in response to shifting socioecological conditions; economic development is a particularly potent driver of such change. Previous re-search has shown that economic development can induce slow but steady cultural changes within large cultural entities (e.g., countries). Here we propose that economically driven culture change can occur rapidly, particularly in smaller cultural entities (e.g., cites). Drawing on work in cultural dynamics, urban economics, and geographical psychology, we hypothesize that changes in local housing prices – reflecting changing availability of local amenities – can induce rapid shifts in local cultures of Openness. We propose two mechanisms that might underlie such cultural shifts: selective migration (i.e., people selectively moving to cities that offer certain amenities) and social acculturation (i.e., people adapting to changing amenities in their city). Based on trait Openness scores of 1,946,752 U.S. residents, we track annual changes in local Openness across 199 cities for nine years (2006-2014). We link these data to annual infor-mation on local housing markets, an established proxy for local amenities. To test interdepend-encies between the time series of local housing markets and Openness, we use Panel Vector Autoregression modelling. In line with our hypothesis, we find robust evidence that rising housing costs predict positive shifts in local Openness but not vice versa. Additional analyses leveraging participants’ duration of residence in their city suggest that both selective migration and social acculturation contribute to shifts in local Openness. Our study thus offers a new window onto the rapid changes of cultures at local levels.
Ageing, Social Distancing, and COVID-19 Risk: Who is more Vulnerable?
Authors: Faraji Jamshid , Metz Gerlinde A.S.
Published: January 2021

Perceived social support represents an important predictor of healthy ageing. The global COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed the face of social relationships and exposed elderly as a particularly vulnerable population. Social distancing may represent a double-edged sword for older adults, protecting them against COVID-19 infection while also sacrificing personal interaction and attention at a critical time. Here, we consider the moderating role of social relationships as a potential influence on stress resilience, allostatic load, and vulnerability to infection and adverse health outcomes in the elderly population. Understanding the mechanisms how social support enhances resilience to stress and promotes mental and physical health into old age will enable new preventive strategies. Targeted social interventions may provide effective relief from the impact of COVID-19-related isolation and loneliness. In this regard, a pandemic may also offer a window of opportunity for raising awareness and mobilizing resources for new strategies that help build resilience for our ageing population and future generations.
Knowledge and the Brain: Why the Knowledge-Centric Theory of Mind Program Needs Neuroscience
Authors: Bricker Adam
Published: January 2021

The knowledge-centric Theory of Mind research program suggested by Phillips et al. stands to gain significant value by embracing a neurocognitive approach that takes full advantage of techniques like fMRI and EEG. This neurocognitive approach has already begun providing important insights into the mechanisms of knowledge attribution, insights which support the claim that it is more basic than belief attribution.
Self-Regulated Learning Training Programs Enhance University Students’ Academic Performance, Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, and Motivation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Theobald Maria
Published: January 2021

The present meta-analysis tested the effects of extended self-regulated learning training programs on academic performance, self-regulated learning strategies, and motivation of university students. The literature search revealed 49 studies (5,786 participants) that met the inclusion criteria. A three-level meta-analysis based on 251 effect sizes revealed an overall effect size of g = .38. The largest effect sizes were obtained for metacognitive strategies (g = .40) and resource management strategies (g = .39) followed by academic performance (g = .37), motivational outcomes (g = .35), and cognitive strategies (g = .32). Training effects varied for specific self-regulated learning strategies and ranged between .23 (rehearsal) and .61 (attention and concentration). Moderator analyses revealed differential training effects depending on course design characteristics: Feedback predicted larger training effects for metacognitive and resource management strategies as well as motivation. Cooperative learning arrangements predicted larger training effects for cognitive and metacognitive strategies. The provision of learning protocols predicted larger training effects for resource management strategies. Moreover, training programs based on a metacognitive theoretical background reported higher effects sizes for academic achievement compared to training programs based on cognitive theories. Further, training programs that targeted older students and students with lower prior academic achievement showed larger effect sizes for resource management strategies. To conclude, self-regulated learning training programs enhanced academic performance, self-regulated learning strategies, and motivation of university students.
Introducing With Microbes: From witnessing to withnessing
Authors: Atkinson Sally , Brives Charlotte , Biederman Sabine , Cañada Jose A , Chartier Denis , Davidson AC , Evans Joshua David , Fortané Nicolas , Kinnunen Veera , Legrand Marine , Oinas Elina , Rest Matthäus , Sariola Salla , Thmpson Andie , Will Catherine
Published: January 2021

With Microbes shows the diversity of human-microbe relationships and their dynamism, through detailed ethnographies of the relationships between humans, animals, plants, and microbes. The objective is to look at situated practices: categories mobilized by people to talk about their relationships with microbes, their practices and actions, stories people tell about microbes and materialities that are specific to them. Therefore, the volume is just as much on scientific practices of living-with-microbes as it about other ways of engaging with them. The introduction develops the notion of 'withnessing' to understand these relations. Ethnographic contributions of the book present diverse forms of microbial encounters that open up new perspectives, showing how humans and microbes compose common worlds together. Crucially, the authors and editors of this project put forward new vocabulary for describing the human-more-than-human nexus without dichotomizing between nature and culture, subject and object, human and other, etc. This is a move away from an approach that stresses on terms, entities, and individual organisms, to attend to the relationships between human-microbe entanglements, how they develop and by which they exist.
El Auge de los Computadores: el Futuro del Aprendizaje de los Idiomas
Authors: Benavides Jorge E
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se presenta un vistazo a las posibilidades de la aplicación de la tecnología informática en el aprendizaje de los idiomas. El auge del uso del computador en una vasta gama de actividades del ser humano evidencia la necesidad de que tanto estudiantes como profesores inicien el conocimiento (familiarización) al uso del computador en tareas y actividades de aprendizaje de idiomas extranjeros como el inglés. La capacitación de docente en esta área sería de un decisiva implicación en la innovación y la creatividad para con el campo de la metodología de la enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés.
Abstracts and Notes on Contributors
Authors: Editors RIAS
Published: January 2021

Abstracts of research articles included in the issue and biographical notes on their authors.
A Mexican Conquest of Space? Cosmopolitanism, Cosmopolitics, and Cosmopoetics in the Mexican Space Industry
Authors: Johnson Anne Warren
Published: January 2021

Mexico cannot be considered a 'spacefaring nation,' as it does not have the capability to build or launch space crafts into orbit. However, for many engineers, scientists, students, and entrepreneurs, outer space represents an important opportunity for economic development and job creation, as well as the resolution of earthly social problems, and a means to globally position the Mexican technology sector. Although they rely on international agreements for scientific, technical, and logistical collaboration, many of these space enthusiasts allude to a “Mexican Conquest of Space,” a discursively potent term given Mexico’s colonial history. In this paper, I examine how Mexican imaginaries of outer space, tied to perceptions of past knowledge, present social issues and future projections, are limited by geopolitical realities, even as they are informed by cosmic imaginaries at various scales. I focus on the recently created Mexican Space Agency, its programs, practices, discourses and alliances, as a starting point for a Mexican astronoetics, a term coined by the philosopher Hans Blumenberg during the Space Race in an attempt to balance the centripetal and centrifugal forces exerted by outer space. From this perspective, I reflect on the ways in which being tethered to Mexico influences the possibility of being untethered to Earth.
Bharatanatyam as a Transnational and Translocal Connection: A Study of Selected Indian and American Texts
Authors: Kang Manpreet Kaur
Published: January 2021

Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form derived from ancient dance styles, which is now seen as representative of Indian culture. In India, it is the most popular classical dance form exerting a great impact not only on the field of dance itself, but also on other art forms, like sculpture or painting. The Indian-American diaspora practices it both in an attempt to preserve its culture and as an assertion of its cultural identity. Dance is an art form that relates to sequences of body movements that are simultaneously aesthetic and symbolic, and rooted in specific cultures. It often tells a story. Different cultures observe different norms and standards by which dances should be performed (as well as by whom they should be performed and on what occasions). At the same time, dance and dancers influence (and are influenced by) different cultures as a result of transcultural interactions. Priya Srinivasan’s Sweating Saris: Indian Dance as Transnational Labor is a particularly valuable source wherein its author critically examines a variety of Indian dance forms, especially Bharatanatyam, tracing the history of dance as well as the lived experience of dancers across time, class, gender, and culture. With the help of this text, selected journal articles, and interviews with Bharatanatyam dancers in India and the US, I explore larger issues of gender, identity, culture, race, region, nation, and power dynamics inherent in the practice of Bharatanatyam, focusing on how these practices influence and, in turn, are influenced by transnational and translocal connections.
COMPLICATIONS IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DACRYOCYSTITIS
Authors: Minaiev O.O.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Effective treatment of chronic dacryocystitis (CD) remains an urgent problem of modern ophthalmology and rhinology. When studying this issue, not enough attention is always paid to complications.

Objective – to analyze the existing complications in the surgical treatment of patients with СD.

Material and methods. The study group (1st group) consisted of 45 patients with CD, who underwent endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EEDCR) according to the developed own method, the comparison group (2nd group) included 36 patients who after performing the developed EEDCR a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) conductor was installed in the area of the dacryorhinostoma. The control group (3rd group) included 28 patients who underwent EEDCR according to the traditional method: with the preservation and plastic placement of mucous flaps and with the installation of PVC-conductor. Patients of the 1st and 2nd groups were divided into 2 subgroups: 1A and 2A included patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) of the lacrimal ducts in the preoperative period according to the developed method and patients of subgroups 1B and 2B – according to the traditional algorithm. Statistical analysis was performed using the licensed program MedCalc (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium; 2017).

Results. In patients of subgroups 2A, 2B, and group 3 in the period of 1.5 months after surgery, local complications of the eyeball were recorded: epiphora during implant wearing, severe conjunctivitis, prolapse and displacement of the implant, granulation in the lower lacrimal duct, ectopia of the lower lacrimal point. No such complications were observed in patients of subgroups 1A and 1B. In patients of subgroups 1B, 2B, and group 3 in the early postoperative period were recorded varying degrees of swelling of the lower eyelid, as well as nosebleeds after removal of tampons. No such complications were observed in patients of subgroups 1A and 2A, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p <0.05).

Conclusion. CT of the lacrimal ducts and EEDCR according to the developed methods are effective and allow their combined use to avoid local complications from the nasal cavity and eyeball.
ETHNO-BOTANICAL SURVEY OF PLANTS USED IN A RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TREATMENT: A CASE STUDY OF JOS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Tongshuwar G.T. , Ojetunde A.O. , Oyegoke A.F. , Oyegoke T.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder leading to the inflammation of the joints. This inflammation finds expression in the lining of the synovial tissues causing swellings and severe pains and deterioration of the bone in the long run. This disease's exact etiology is not yet to be ascertained; however, there are claims of the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. RA is one of the diseases ravaging the people of Jos in Nigeria, owing to the high cost of orthodox medicine.

Objective. The study was carried out to collect information and find out plants used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in Jos, Nigeria, in addition to the availability of the plant(s).

Materials and methods. An electronic-based questionnaire was used to get information from the respondents.

Result. Eight species of plants were reported to be used. Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), and Onion (Allium cepa) were the dominant plants reportedly used. The parts of plants used are the plant bulb and stem. They are reported to be prepared by grinding and herbal mixture; chewing and decoction were not popular. Respondents with this information reported their willingness to share with both family and friends.

Conclusion. This study shows the availability of traditional RA treatment and the preservation of verbal form knowledge.
MODERN VIEWS REGARDING THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSTIC, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF APERT SYNDROME
Authors: Antsupva V.V. , Lastivka I.V. , Kolubakin D.V. , Ushko I.A. , Nahornyi О.V.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Acrocephalosyndactyly – a group of syndromes of multiple congenital malformations (MCM), the main components of which are acrocephaly and syndactyly. The most common nosological form of this group is Apert syndrome. Given the manifestation of the syndrome at birth and severe congenital defects of the musculoskeletal system, brain, cardiovascular system, and others, this disease is of practical interest to doctors of many specialties.
Objective: to generalize modern ideas about the pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnostic, treatment, and prevention of Apert syndrome.
Materials and methods. Clinical case of Apert syndrome. Clinical and genealogical, biochemical, cytogenetic, instrumental methods of examination.
Results. The paper presents a clinical case of Aper syndrome in a newborn girl with multiple malformations. Modern information on pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnostic, treatment, and prevention of Aper's syndrome is provided.
Conclusions. Apert syndrome belongs to a group of syndromes of multiple congenital malformations that require the attention of doctors of various specialties. The main clinical manifestations of the disease are quite specific which allows establishing the diagnosis at birth. At the core of Aper's syndrome are mutations in the FGFR2 gene. There is a prenatal diagnostic of the disease. Reconstructive surgical methods of treatment have been developed. Timely comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation allow such patients to adapt to society.
THE CASES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN PROTRACTED QUARANTINE CAUSED BY COVID-19
Authors: Babkina O.P. , Ushko I.A. , Danylchenko S.I. , Tarasyuk V.O. , Vako I.I.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. The analysis demonstrated that legislative documents in Ukraine were developed to prevent and combat domestic violence, protect and respect human rights. The basic standards of the regulatory framework of Ukraine are consistent with the Istanbul Convention. A positive moment in the modern legislation of Ukraine is the establishment of restrictive measures for people who have committed domestic violence in the form of a ban on staying in a place of joint residence with a person who has suffered from domestic violence. Some recommendations on conducting a forensic medical examination in cases of domestic violence are proposed. Displayed aspects of an ethical approach in the "Rules for the Examination of Victims, Accused, and Other Persons" in order to reduce psychological trauma during the examination.

Objective: to analyze and summarize the legal and forensic aspects of providing legal assistance to victims of domestic violence in Ukraine and to offer recommendations for their improvement

Material and methods. The materials are data from available Internet sources within the spring of 2020; 68 appeals to forensic medical institutions. The analysis was performed using a descriptive method; fixation methods, statistical processing of the results.

Results. Ukraine is oriented towards European standards, including in the area of issues of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence and respect for human rights. Recommended using modern methods of fixation during data collection and further examination of the victim in order to be able to use the obtained data by the parties to criminal proceedings / Сourt.

Conclusions. The issue of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence needs special attention and further resolution due to the increase in domestic violence cases, especially during quarantine caused by COVID-19.
Analysis of the Participation of NGOs and Cities of Mashhad in the Field of Social and Cultural Practices
Authors:   Department of Social Science, School of Humanities, Gonabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gonabad, Iran., Eskafi Maryam , Abbaspour Reza ,   Department of Islamic Juricprudence, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: The Iranian society should appreciate health and well-being, food security, and social security in 2026. It is strongly related to the tasks of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs), concerning its extent. Therefore, this research aimed to identify fundamental factors in the active involvement of NGOs and the Mashhad municipality, in sociocultural programs. Methods: This research used a qualitative approach. Also, the statistical population included the NGOs that have at least once cooperated with the municipality. The study sample recruited using a purposeful sampling technique. The collected data were generated through the design of triangulation. Subsequently, 159 concepts, 40 subcategories, and 18 items were obtained. Results: The results indicated that the maximum mutual participation is the only interaction type that could fully satisfy both the municipality and NGOs. Conclusion: A misleading, slogan-based, result-oriented participation exists between these organizations, because the principles of involvement are not observed.
An Effective Method for Allocating the Number of Training Sessions Required for Each of the Structures in the Theory-based Interventions of Health Education
Authors:   Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Panahi Rahman , Osmani Fereshteh ,   Department of Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Published: January 2021

N/A
Relationship Between Social Support and Coping Strategies and Disease Among the Cancer Patients of the City of Kerman
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Maghsoodi Soodeh , Salehinejad Zahra ,   Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Cancer pain affects coping strategies in patients. Besides, social protection is a tool that helps to alter the patient’s encounter with cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support, coping, and disease strategies. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, and conducted using a self-made social support questionnaire and the Billings and Mouse coping strategies questionnaire. The study population consisted of all the cancer patients in Kerman City, from September 2016 to March 2017; it was estimated to include 1400 people. Based on the Cochran formula, the study sample size was calculated as 300 cancer patients, which were collected using a systematic sampling method. Also, data analysis was carried out using the Pearson tests and regression in SPSS V. 21. Results: The results showed a statistically significant association of social support and coping with the disease strategies (P<0.01). Moreover, problem-focused coping has the most positive and direct relationship with social support. Regression analysis also showed that emotional aspects (kindness and shared positive actions), service-practical support, and financial support can predict the coping strategies with disease. Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended to formulate a comprehensive care program and increase social support to enhance the problem-focused coping strategies among cancer patients.
Efficacy of Communication Skills Training in Marital Disturbance
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Ahrari Amin , Miri Mohammad Reza ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Ramezani Abbas Ali ,   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Dastjerdi Reza ,   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Hosseini Tayebeh ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Scinces and Psychology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Marital disturbance widely impact the quality of marriage in couples. Besides, the lack of communication skills among couples is considered as one of the most significant personal factors influencing marriage distress. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the impact of communication skills training on marital disturbance. Methods: In this interventional study, the target population was all couples residing in the marginal regions of Birjand City, in 2016. Sixty couples (N=120) were randomly selected and assigned into two groups of intervention (30 couples) and control (30 couples). The data collection instrument consisted of two sections of private information and the Pines couple burnout measure. Results: Educational intervention was conducted for the intervention group in six sessions of 120 minutes. The questionnaire was completed before and three months after the intervention, in both groups. Then, the obtained data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, independent t-test, and paired t-test, considering the significant level of 0.05, in SPSS V. 18. The Mean±SD age was 32.27±6.24 years and 34.85±5.74 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Also, the Mean±SD marriage life of couples was 7.33±5.29 years and 9.57±5.73 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Conclusion: The mean of marital disturbance modifications, marital distress, and physical and emotional loss significantly differed between the intervention and control groups (P<0.05). Communication skills training can significantly reduce marital distress and its dimensions, including physical, emotional, and mental retardation, in couples living in the suburb.
Effectiveness of Group-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy vs Group-based Cognitive-behavioral Therapy in the Psychological Hardiness of Single Mothers
Authors:   Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran., Motamedi Hadi , Samavi Abdolvahhab ,   Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Research Center of Educational and Behavioral Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran., Fallahchai Reza ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Hardiness as a fundamental element of control plays a constructive role in coping with stress and moderates the effects of stress. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of group-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and group-based Cognitive-behavioral Therapy (CBT)in the psychological hardiness of single mothers. Methods: The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with control group. Also, the statistical population included all female-headed families in the region 16 of Tehran. From women with low scores in the Ahvaz psychological hardiness questionnaire, 45 women were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: two experimental and one control group. The acceptance and commitment and cognitive-behavioral therapies were implemented in the first and second experimental groups, respectively; the control group did not receive any intervention. The experimental groups received nine training sessions. Then, the study hypotheses were tested using the 1-way analysis of covariance. Results: Both interventions effectively increased the psychological hardiness in the single mothers, but no significant difference was found between the two intervention groups (P=0.38). Conclusion: According to the results, it is possible to increase the psychological hardiness of the single mothers by group-based acceptance and commitment therapy and group-based cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Relationship Between Family Participation in Sport/Recreational Activities and Marital and Life Satisfaction
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran., Memar Bahabadi Narges , Morsel Bagher ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran., Tayebisani Seyed Mostafa ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran., Fahiminezhad Ali ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family participation in sport/recreational activities and marital satisfaction and life satisfaction. Methods: The study was survey-correlational research. The statistical population included all families living in Mashhad City. Using the cluster sampling method, six parks were selected from the different regions of Mashhad. Then, the researcher referred to the selected parks and distributed the questionnaires to families who came together for recreation in the park. Considering the unknown number of populations, the statistical sample was determined as 384 individuals, based on the Morgan table. To reach the sample size, 500 questionnaires were distributed, however, 430 questionnaires were returned. Data collection tools included the Handrich marital satisfaction questionnaire and the Newgarten life satisfaction questionnaire. Using the Cronbach alpha coefficient, the reliability was calculated as 0.82 for the marital satisfaction questionnaire and as 0.88 for the life satisfaction questionnaire. Also, we used descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Cronbach alpha, the Pearson correlation test, and linear regression for data analysis, in SPSS V. 22. Results: The findings showed that 54.18% of the respondents were female. Besides, most of the participants (75.8%) were in the age range of 30 to 60 years. The results of the hypotheses testing showed a significant relationship between marital satisfaction and the weekly, monthly, and annual participation of families in sport/recreational activities. Also, life satisfaction was significantly associated with the weekly, monthly, and annual participation of families in sport/recreational activities. Conclusion: Totally, 19.99% of the total variance of life satisfaction is predicted by marital satisfaction
Maternal Risk Factors of Placenta Praevia and Its Effects on Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Adhikary Alpana , Begum Anwara , Joty Fahmida Sharmin , Sarker Nihar Ranjan , Sultana Rifat
Published: January 2021

Placenta praevia is one of the most serious obstetric emergencies, which continues to be an important contributor to perinatal mortality and is responsible for leading maternal and infant morbidity. Very few data on etiology of placenta praevia are available till now. This study aims to explore the maternal risk factors related to occurrence of placenta praevia and its effects on maternal and fetal outcome. This cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 3279 obstetrics patients admitted in labour ward in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital from January to December 2006. Out of 3279 obstetrics patients 93 placenta praevia cases were identified purposively as study subjects. The patients of placenta praevia were selected either diagnosed clinically by painless antepartum haemorrhage or asymptomatic placenta praevia diagnosed by ultrasonography irrespective of age, gestational age, parity, booking status. Pregnant woman admitted with painful antepartum haemorrhage were excluded from the study. With the ethical approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC), patients were selected after taking their written consent. A structured questionnaire and a chick list were designed with considering all the variables of interest. Out of 93 respondents, 73.88% were associated with risk factors in addition to advanced maternal age and high parity. Among them 24.73%, 33.33% and 7.52% had history of previous caesarean section (CS), MR and abortion and both CS & abortion previously. Patients aged above 30 years were 47% and 35.48% were in their 5th gravid and more; whereas, 31.18% patients were asymptomatic, 68.82% patients presented with varying degree of vaginal bleeding, among them 12.08% were in shock. Active management at presentation was done on 76.34% patients and 23.66% were managed expectantly. CS was done o 82.79% patients and only 17.2% were delivered vaginally. Case fatality rate was 1.07% and about 22% perinatal death was recorded, majority belonged to low birth weight (<1500 gm). About 10% patients required caesarean hysterectomy, 3.22% required bladder repair. Advanced maternal age, high parity, history of previous CS and abortion found to be common with the subsequent development of placenta praevia. Proper diagnosis, early referral and expectant management of patients will reduce prematurity, thereby improvised foetal outcome but to improve maternal outcome rate of primary CS have to be reduced and increase practice of contraception among women of reproductive age.

Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 7-12
Study on Day Care Transfusion Services in Transfusion Medicine Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Parvin Farida , Islam Md Ashadul , Dipta Tashmim Farhana , Biswas Danish Arefin , Bhuiyan Fakruddin , Naznin Bepasha , Md Wasim - , Chowdhury Romana , Hasan Md Nazmul
Published: January 2021

Transfusion of blood components and derivatives in day care unit is an eminent part of management of transfusion dependent patients. Day care transfusion service is an alternative to hospital admission and beneficial for those patients who receive blood more frequently for their survival. The aim of present study is to assess Transfusion Services provided in a Day Care Unit (DCU) of a tertiary care hospital. This study was carried out in DCU of Transfusion Medicine Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, (BSMMU), in Dhaka during January to December 2014. Data were collected from record registers. Recorded retrospective data were analyzed as percentage and proportion. Total recipients were 718. Among those 424 (59.05%) were male and 294 (40.95%) were female and 562 (78.27%) were between 10 to 40 years. A total of 8587 units of blood components were used during this period. Red Cell Concentrate was most commonly utilized product 6388 (74.39%)  followed by FFP 1360 (15.83%), Platelet Concentrate 544 (6.33%), Whole blood 260 (3.05%) and Cryoprecipitate 35(0.40%). Transfusion was required more frequently in thalassaemic 365(50.88%) patients. Haemophilia 77(10.72%) and aplastic anaemia patients 49 (6.82%) were next high. The main transfusion reaction observed during transfusion was febrile non-haemolytic reactions. For increasing use of specific blood product and hassle free transfusion services this kind of day care unit services should be strengthened. Long term study of this kind will help us to develop safe clinical transfusion practice.

Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 28-31
Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Rotaviral Diarrhoea among Under Five Children in Sylhet Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Habib Farjana Binte , Rahman Mohammed Mirazur , Haque Md Moynul , Dey Probhat Ranjan , Das Premananda , Das Shantanu , Sutradhar Ipsita , Hasan Md Nazmul
Published: January 2021

Retrovirus is the major cause of acute severe diarrhea in under five children and contributing 10,000 to 27000 deaths each year in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the risk factors associated with Rotaviral among under five children admitted in the Department of Paediatrics, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology during the period from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under five children with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases.The Rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. It was found significantly higher in patients from lower socio-economic condition (64.00%), those who were from rural area (48.75%) and children who were not exclusively breastfed (83.87%). Bottle feeding, lower educational level of mother and overweight of children may serve as predisposing factors of rotavirus disease in these children.

Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 32-37