bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Simulation of three Phase three Wire Shunt Active Filter using Instantaneous PQ Theory
Authors: Giri Tilak , Pandey Ram Prasad , Bhandari Sabin , Moktan Sujan , Karki Lagat
Published: February 2020

Due to intensive use of power converters and other non-linear loads, power quality is degrading. The presence of harmonics in the power lines result in greater power losses in distribution, interference problems in communication systems. Non linearity reduces the efficiency and power factor of the system. As the power factor reduces, the reactive power demanded from the supply increases which have no any contribution in energy transfer, so compensation is required. For this, shunt passive filter has been developed but it is bulky and frequency dependent and has many drawbacks. In contrast to passive filter, shunt active filter (SAF) has been developed which is smaller and has wide range of applications. In this paper, shunt active filter based on p-q theory is demonstrated for compensating reactive power and current harmonics. Simulation has been done with and without SAF and results are presented and ended with recommendation and conclusion. An effort is made to reduce the THD of the source current below 5% (specified by IEEE).
Radiochemical Assessment of Uranium in Locally Used Marbles
Authors: Thapa Birendra , Shrestha Kamal Krishna , Bohara Khagendra Prasad
Published: February 2020

A sensitive method is used for the extraction and determination of soluble uranium in locally used marble has been developed. Isobutyl Methyl Ketone (IBMK) was used as extractant and 0.02 % (w/v) Arsenazo (III) as a chromogenic reagent. The present study assesses the gross radioactivity and extractable uranium in marble samples. A Multichannel Analyzer (MCA) coupled with NaI (Tl) crystal detector was used for the measurement of gross radioactivity whereas spectrophotometer was used to estimate the uranium contained in sample with the help of Arsenazo (III). The extraction involved the adjustment of pH at 0.9. The efficient extraction was achieved by the addition of at least 10 g of Al (NO3)3. This method involved the reduction of UO2 (+2) to U (IV) by using granulated Zinc in concentrated hydrochloric acid. The physical measurements showed the presence of gross radioactivity in the range 266.19 Bq/kg to 644.268 Bq/Kg while the chemical analysis showed the uranium concentration in the range of 0.02ppm to 0.06 ppm.
Numbers and their Cultural Significance: A General Survey of Some Prime Numbers
Authors: Pradhan Jaya Bishnu
Published: February 2020

Number is very fundamental entities in mathematics. It is considered that the number is one of the first matheamtical knowledge known to primitive mankind. It is developed with the advancement of human culture and different societies. Different human civilizations developed their own number system in order to solve their everyday activities compatible to them. This paper intended to explore some prime numbers and its significant in hindu culture. From the discussion from cultural, religious perspective and when examining the phenomenon rooted in specific culture, it lead to conclude that the prime numbers are sacred and holy in Hindu culture.
an Analysis of Students’ Error in Constructing the Negative and Interrogative Sentence by Using Simple Present Tense
Authors: Shafira Diana Adinda , Mawaddah Rabbayani , Aritonang Lidya Br , Nainggolan Elianti , Tarigan Natalia Widya Pasca
Published: February 2020

This research aims to find out the errors made by the students in constructing the negative and interrogative sentences by using the simple present tense. Those errors were classified into four types, namely omission, addition, misformation, and misordering based on surface strategy taxonomy from Daulay. The researchers used a descriptive qualitative method to find the result. The subject of this research was the VIII-A class of SMP Negeri 40 Medan that consisted of 30 students. The instrument for gathering the data was the essay test, which included 20 affirmative sentences, which asked to form those sentences into the negative and interrogative sentences. The findings indicated that the students' errors in this study were 318 (50,4%) case of mistakes on misformation; 175 (27,8%) case of errors on addition; 100 (15,9%) case of errors on misordering; and 37 (5,9%) case of errors on omission. It can be concluded that misformation in the most frequent errors, while failure is the rarest error in this research.

Keywords: error analysis, constructing negative and interrogative sentence
Using Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS) to Improve Mastery Student’s Vocabulary
Authors: Simbolon Putri Anita , Bangun Feber Anggelina Br , Pardede Sumianti Magdalena , Tarigan Jelinta Br , Tarigan Sri Ninta Br
Published: February 2020

The research aims to know that Vocabulary Self-collection Strategy (VSS) can improve students’ vocabulary mastery and to find out how far Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS) can be useful for the students' vocabulary mastery at the second-grade students of SMP Sinar Husni Medan. The methodology of this research used Classroom Action Research. It was conducted on a two-cycle. In analyzing the data, the researcher used quantitative data. The implementation of Vocabulary Self-collection Strategy (VSS) in teaching vocabulary at eight grade students was successful. It can be seen from the progress of the mean score in cycle I to cycle II. Mean score in a period I 71.20 % and rating in cycle II 78.80 %. The implementation Vocabulary Self-collection Strategy (VSS) as a learning strategy was not only increasing students' mean score but also increase students' motivation and behavior. The students were more interested, happy, and active in teaching-learning English, especially vocabulary. Based on the result above, it could be concluded that Vocabulary Self - Collection Strategy (VSS) improved their students’ vocabulary mastery.

Keywords: vocabulary mastery, vocabulary self-collection strategy (VSS)
Les cônes marins, une ressource naturelle d’antalgiques venue du fond des mers : au-delà du ziconotide ?
Authors: Gieré C. , Dutertre S. , Poisbeau P.
Published: February 2020

Les cônes marins sont des animaux remarquables qui ont développé au cours de l’évolution des outils leur permettant de survivre et de se nourrir sous la mer quels que soient le prédateur ou la proie auxquels ils pourraient être confrontés. Leurs venins de prédation et de défense contiennent des centaines de peptides bioactifs dont l’ω- conotoxine ziconotide, première conotoxine thérapeutique utilisée dans le traitement des douleurs chroniques intenses et pharmacorésistantes aux traitements antalgiques recommandés comme la morphine. Cette revue fait le point sur le mode d’action du ziconotide et met en valeur d’autres composés de venins de cônes ayant un potentiel thérapeutique pour traiter les douleurs pathologiques.
Mreže izložbi u „globaliziranom” polju suvremene umjetnosti — slučaj suvremenih umjetnika iz Hrvatske
Authors: Puc Tihana
Published: February 2020

The contemporary art field is increasingly the object of distant reading, in particular when examining the globalization of the immensely expanded field and the complexity of relations that configure it. Despite the rise in the availability of structured data that such a practice presupposes, lacunae reflecting global asymmetries remain. Highlighting the issue for Croatia, the paper examines the impact of globalization processes on the contemporary artists from Croatia.Artists’ biographies are used as a source for mapping the artists’ circulation, and as a data source for network analysis. The analysis of the exhibition activity of sixty-one artists for a twenty-year period brings insights into the geographical and institutional distribution of the exhibitions, as well as into the construction of artists’ international “careers.” The examination of artists-institutions networks sheds light on the conditions of their international intersections. Finally, an indication of future research is given, directed towards uncovering potential subsystems, beyond those which have thus far been recognized to have been created under the impact of territorial or status-related factors.
The E.A.T. Datascape: An Experiment in Digital Social History of Art
Authors: Leclercq Christophe , Girard Paul , Guido Daniele
Published: February 2020

Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.) is an organization co-founded in 1966 by artists Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Whitman, and engineers Billy Klüver and Fred Waldhauer, in order to support collaboration between artists and engineers. The E.A.T. datascape is a digital instrument for analyzing the digitized traces left by its members via many available resources. Its aim is to study as closely as possible the complexity of collaborative interdisciplinary works. The E.A.T. datascape methodology makes it possible, by means of an anthropological action-centred approach, to go beyond the distinction between art history and art sociology and to renew the social history of art by challenging the notion of authorship and by describing the work as constituted by the intersection between heterogeneous trajectories, rather than an object within a context that would influence it, or constitute its environment. In other words, it allows us to reflect on what digital design does, in turn, to the social history of art, and to put forward hypotheses about what a digital social history of art might be or could offer to the study of complex, interdisciplinary projects that are multiplying in the contemporary art world.
A Conceptual Model for Art Criticism
Authors: Giovanna Mancini Maria , Sauro Luigi
Published: February 2020

In this work, we present a detailed analysis of the different acceptations and practices of art criticism. This investigation underpins a novel conceptual modelling that extends Cidoc CRM and has been specifically designed to semantically annotate art criticism-related data and documents in order to enhance in this context interoperability and more efficient data retrieval.
Arhiv za likovne umjetnosti: dva desetljeća digitalizirane povijesti umjetnosti
Authors: Ferber Bogdan Jasenka , Der-Hazarijan Vukić Andreja
Published: February 2020

Osnovan kao prvi dokumentacijski centar i arhiv za nacionalnu povijest umjetnosti, Arhiv za likovne umjetnosti pri Hrvatskoj akademiji znanosti i umjetnosti kontinuirano razvija svoj informacijski sustav, pružajući podršku stručnjacima i znanstvenoj zajednici. U ovom ćemo radu prikazati povijest procesa automatizacije podataka, koji je započeo 1995. godine—od jednostavnih tablica u MS Excelu i baza podataka u programu MS Access, stvorenih za specifične potrebe Arhiva, do složene repozitorijske platforme otvorenog pristupa, razvijene kao izvor za rastuće područje digitalne povijesti umjetnosti. Digitalna tehnologija kontinuirano stvara nove i brže načine dohvaćanja arhivskih podataka—od jednostavnih pretraživanja pojmova kroz nekoliko izvanmrežnih baza podataka do naprednijih mogućnosti internetskog pretraživanja utemeljenog na semantičkoj mrežnoj tehnologiji. Arhiv za likovne umjetnosti prisutan je na internetu od 2009. preko Digitalne zbirke (DiZbi), institucionalne repozitorijske platforme koja je prvi put uspostavila vezu između digitaliziranih tekstualnih i vizualnih izvora različitih Akademijinih jedinica. Kako bi se digitalni objekti prikazali na što živopisniji i interaktivniji način, stvoren je nov digitalni sadržaj—virtualna izložba, kao jedna od vizualno atraktivnijih odlika portala. Kontinuirani proces digitalizacije arhivske građe otvorio je nove mogućnosti za suradnju s domaćim i međunarodnim ustanovama kroz nekoliko projekata. Budući planovi uključuju dugoročan projekt s potencijalom razvoja u digitalnu infrastrukturu za istraživanje provenijencije. Na temelju svojih iskustava s ovakvim digitalnim projektima možemo reći da stručnjaci za digitalnu povijesti umjetnosti imaju sve važniju ulogu u snažnijoj vidljivosti hrvatske povijesti umjetnosti, kako na nacionalnoj tako i na međunarodnoj razini, kao i u omogućavanju novih oblika digitalne analize u povijesti umjetnosti.
The Religious-Philosophical Concept of E.Gilson: An Analysis of Creativity and the Structure of Metaphysics
Authors: Rusnak O.A.
Published: February 2020

Феномен "релігійна філософія" розповідає про всі часи, про які йдеться про релігійні знання. Релігійна філософія цікавить науковців тому, що є людською спробою раціонального осмислення надприродного. Цей феномен людського мислення вирішив перейти до різного світогляду. Автори, використовуючи рефініміфілософії (М.Бердяєв, Ж.Марітен, Ю.М.Бохенський та ін.), Намагаються створити, які допомогли раціонально вивчити реальне уявлення про те, що існує. Одним з прикладів таких філософствувань є метафізична концепція католіцького філософа Етьєна Жільсона.
PENGARUH FAKTOR INDIVIDU DAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MAHASISWA MENJADI WIRAUSAHA Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Pamulang
Authors: Sunanto Sunanto
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor individu dan lingkungan baik secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan menjadi wirausaha pada Mahasiswa Universitas Pamulang. Model penelitian bersifat asosiatif kuantitatif dengan pengujian hipotesis. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Unpam yang berwirausaha dan jumlah sampel berdasarkan Slovin berjumlah 100 (digenapkan), sampling dengan teknik aksidental Metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dengan skala Likert, Pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, observasi dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data: Uji Validitas, Uji Reliabilitas, Uji asumsi klasik, Uji Regresi Linier , Uji Koefisien Determinan, Uji Parsial (Uji t) dan Uji Simultan (Uji F).  Hasil Penelitian diperoleh: (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang siginifikan antara faktor individu terhadap keputusan menjadi wirausaha pada mahasiswa Universitas Pamulang. Model regresi linier Y = 20,055+0,726Xi dengan nilai korelasi r =0,726 (korelasi kuat), serta nilai t hitung 10,439 >t tabel 1,985 dengan nilai sig.0,000 (<0,05). (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang siginifikan antara faktor lingkungan terhadap keputusan menjadi wirausaha pada mahasiswa Universitas Pamulang. Model regresi linier Y = 7,956+0,705X2 dengan nilai korelasi r =0,705 (korelasi kuat), serta nilai t hitung 9,845>t tabel 1,985 dengan nilai sig.0,000 (<0,05). (3)Terdapat pengaruh yang siginifikan antara faktor individu dan lingkungan secara simultan terhadap keputusan menjadi wirausaha pada mahasiswa Universitas Pamulang. Model regresi linier berganda Y = 7,002+0,486X1+0,441X2, dengan nilai korelasi berganda R =0,814 (korelasi sangat kuat), dan nilai koefisen determinasi adjusted R² sebesar 0,656 serta nilai F hitung 95,575>F tabel 1,43 dengan nilai sig.0,000 (<0,05). Kata Kunci: Faktor Individu; Faktor Lingkungan,Keputusan; Mahasiswa Unpam
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN ENTREPENEURSHIP DENGAN EFEKTIVITAS MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH (MBS)
Authors: Masriah Imas
Published: February 2020

Penelitian .ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan entrepreneurship kepala sekolah dengan efektivitas Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah pada sekolah-sekolah negeri unggulan tingkat SD di Kota Tangerang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah motode survey dengan pendekatan korelational. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para ke·pala SD Negeri yang sudah melaksanakan MBS yang terdapat di 13 kecamatan Kota Tangerang Banten. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 30 Kepala Sekolah yang diambil dengan teknik stratified proporsional sampling. Kalibrasi lnsrtumen untuk uji validitas dengan korelasi point biserial dan uji reliabilitas dengan KR-20. Sedangkan uji prasyarat, uji normalitas menggunakan uji lilifors dan uji homogenitas menggunakan uji Barlett. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan terdapat hubungan yang positif antara pengetahuan entrepreneurship kepala sekolah dengan efektivitas MBS, artinya semakin tinggi pengetahuan entrepreneurship kepala sekolah, maka efektivitas MBS semakin tinggi pula.  Bentuk persamaan regresi ϒ=106,48+1,44X, dengan koefesien korelasi ry=0,58. Koefesien ini menunjukkan bahwa efeklivitas  MBS dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan entrepreneurship kepala sekolah sebesar 58%. Kata kunci: Entrepeneurship; Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR (Sebuah Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan manufaktur Industri logam go public di BEI) Periode 2012-2016
Authors: Satiaputra Buchari E , Suherman Herry
Published: February 2020

Periode 5 tahun terakhir,  merupakan waktu yang cukup sulit yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia, masuknya era globalisasi, persaingan pasar bebas, fluktuasi nilai tukar rupiah terhadap mata uang asing dan inflasi yang cukup tinggi. Menurut pernyataan Bank Indonesia pada kuartal kedua 2015 pelemahan rupiah cukup dalam (overshoot) dan telah di bawah nilai fundamental (undervalued). Pada 2015, kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan manufaktur cukup serius. Tujuan dari penelitian ingin menganalisis kinerja keuangan perusahaan manufaktur dengan menggunakan motode Almant Z-Score yang telah dimodifikasi tahun 1997 yang meliputi WCTA, RETA, ROI, BVETL dan TATO sebagai variabel independen memiliki hubungan yang positif terhadap Z-Score sebagai variabel dependen yang mewakili kesulitan keuangan atau kebangkrutan perusahaan akibat inflasi dan fluktuasi rupiah yang berkepanjangan dan tidak ada kepastian. Pemilihan sampel berdasarkan purposive sampling. Total sampel semua perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Analisis digunakan adalah metode Altman Z-Score revisi 1997  merupakan analisis regresi berganda, analisis korelasi (PPM), asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis terdiri dari uji koefisien determinasi, uji-F dan uji-t. Pengujian digunakan program EVIEWS-7. Kata kunci: WCTA; RETA; ROI; BVETL, TATO; Z-Score
PENGARUH CITRA DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH CIKAL HARAPAN
Authors: Sudjiani Eni , Subarto Subarto , Kusjono Gatot
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan memperoleh gambaran pengaruh citra dan kualitas layanan pendidikan terhadap kepuasan peserta didik. Obyek penilitian adalah Sekolah Menengah Atas Cikal Harapan Tangerang Selatan. Responden penelitiannya seluruh peserta didik SMA yang berjumlah 85 responden. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan menggunakan analisa regeresi berganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh citra lulusan dan  keandalan (reliability) yang dimiliki sekolah memiliki pengaruh tertinggi terhadap kepuasan peserta didik. Secara simultan citra sekolah dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan peserta didik dengan konstribusi sebesar 63,7%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 36,3% dipengaruhi faktor lain di luar citra dan kualitas layanan.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM SEJAHTERA BERSAMA BOGOR
Authors: Andriani & Sigit Purnomo Jeni , Purnomo Sigit
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial budaya organisasi  (X1) terhadap produktivitas kerja (Y), pengaruh secara parsial disiplin kerja  (X2) terhadap produktivitas kerja (Y) serta mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan budaya organisasi dan disiplin kerja dan terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan  pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Bogor. Dalam penelitian ini penulis melakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan mengukur uji t (secara parsial) dan uji f (secara simultan). Populasi yang dijadikan responden yakni seluruh karyawan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Bersama Bogor yang sebanyak 150 orang karyawan  dengan menggunakan rumus slovin yakni mengambil sampel dari jumlah populasi, dimana jumlah sampel yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 60 orang. Data-data tersebut di uji dengan melihat validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah secara koefisien regresinya diperoleh budaya organisasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja yakni budaya organisasi sebesar 0,048 (48%) dan disiplin kerja sebesar 1,000 (100%) sehingga disiplin kerja lebih dominan dari budaya organisasi, dan dibuktikan pada uji t dimana X1 memperoleh thitung 6,188 lebih besar dari ttabel 2,001 sehingga pengaruh secara parsial bernilai positif, sedangkan Thitung pada X2 sebesar 127,117 lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 2,001 sehingga pengaruh secara parsial bernilai positif. Dalam  pengujian F secara simultan didapat Fhitung sebesar 8098,471 lebih besar dari Ftabel 3,160 sehingga secara simultan atau bersama-sama terdapat pengaruh yang positif.
PENGARUH PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL DAN KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN
Authors: Maulida Hira
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh problem solving skill terhadap produktivitas karyawan, untuk mengetahui pengaruh komunikasi efektif terhadap produktivitas karyawan, untuk mengetahui pengaruh problem solving skill dan komunikasi efektif secara simultan terhadap produktivitas karyawan di PT. Reckitt Benckiser Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dalam uji statistik untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara variabel yang diteliti dan proses perhitungan statistik lainnya menggunakan program STATA versi 14.2. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 319 karyawan di PT Reckitt Benckiser Indonesia dan menggunakan rumus Slovin. 177 orang dijadikan sampel untuk menentukan responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah problem solving skill berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas karyawan, komunikasi efektif berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas karyawan, problem solving skill dan komunikasi efektif berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas karyawan.
PEMAKAIAN JARGON SATUAN POLISI PAMONG PRAJA PADA MARKAS KOMANDO KABUPATEN KARAWANG (KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK)
Authors: Haq Riyadhul , Pujiati Tri , Y Dien Mardiana
Published: February 2020

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mendeskripiskan bentuk kode komunikasi Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja pada Markas Komando Kabupaten Karawang.(2) Mendeskripsikan bentuk lingual pada jargon yang digunakan oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja pada Markas Komando Kabupaten Karawang. (3) Mendeskripsikan makna jargon ditinjau dari komponen tutur Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Pada Markas Komando kabupaten Karawang. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperoleh simpulan: (1) Bentuk kode komunikasi yang digunakan oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Pada Markas Komando Kabupaten Karawang yaitu sandi struktural, sandi alphabet/lokal Indonesia, sandi angka, dan sandi kata. (2) Bentuk lingual pada jargon Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Pada Markas Komando Kabupaten Karawang terdiri dari bentuk Kata, Frasa Numeralia dan Frasa Nomina.(3) makna jargon di tinjau dari komponen tutur penulis mengacu pada teori SPEAKING yaitu Setting and Scene, Participants, End :Purpose and Goal, Act Squences, Key : Tone or Spirit of Act, Instrumentalities, Norms Of Interaction And Interpretation , dan Genres. Kata Kunci : Sosiolinguistik, Jargon, Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja
Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Hybrid Tenaga Angin dan Surya dengan Penggerak Otomatis pada Panel Surya
Authors: Hidayanti Diana , Dewangga Galih
Published: February 2020

PLTH adalah pembangkit listrik yang menggunakan sumber tenaga angin dan surya yang saling melengkapi menyesuaikan cuaca. Tujuan penelitian adalah membuat alat untuk mengetahui efisiensi apabila PLTB dan PLTS digabungkan atau yang biasa disebut Pembangkit Hybrid. Mengkaji secara eksperimental kinerja Pembangkit hybrid dengan pemasangan mikrokontroller untuk penggerak panel surya. Hasil dari pengujian yaitu penggunaan PLTH menghasilkan efisiensi yang lebih baik dibanding penggunaan PLTB maupun PLTS yang digunakan secara terpisah. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian pembangkit hybrid dengan pemberian kecepatan angin yang semakin besar nilainya maka efisiensi yang didapatkan semakin kecil dan dengan dipasangnya mikrokontroller pada panel surya, panel surya dapat menangkap energi matahari secara optimal. Semakin besar beban yang diberikan maka semakin besar efisiensi yang didapatkan.
Rancang Bangun Turbin Angin Sudu Flat Poros Horizontal Dengan Variasi Perbandingan Luas Celah Air Exit Guna Meningkatkan Kinerja PLTB
Authors: Darmawan Anang Setya , Pratiwi Dila
Published: February 2020

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan desain turbin angin sudu flat dengan penambahan penyempitan celah (air exit split) di sepanjang keluaran sudu turbin angin dengan memberikan variasi perbandingan luas celah antara luas celah udara masuk dan luas celah udara keluar pada air exit berfungsi untuk memberikan tambahan gaya dorong saat sudu turbin angin berputar sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi turbin. Hal yang melatar belakangi pembuatan turbin ini yaitu untuk membuat turbin dengan efisiensi yang lebih besar dengan skala pembuatan turbin sesuai dengan parameter yang digunakan di laboratorium sehingga kedepannya dapat dikembangkan menjadi turbin angiin yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan nyata. Turbin angin yang digunakan dalam rancang bangun ini menggunakan bahan dasar plat galvanis dengan tebal plat 1 mm yang dibentuk sedemikian rupa yang memiliki lebar sudu 8 cm dan 10 cm serta variasi lebar celah masuk air exit sebesar 40 mm, 34 mm, 32 mm dan 30 mm.. Pengujian turbin angin ini menggunakan variabel berupa kecepatan angin 6 m/s ,7 m/s, 8 m/s, 9 m/s dan 10 m/s. metode pengujian alat dilakukan di laboratorium dengan bantuan blower sebagai penghembus angin. sedangkan parameter uji berupa putaran poros turbin, putaran poros generator, torsi generator, tegangan, dan arus. Data-data hasil pengujian berupa tegangan generator,arus yang dihasilkan generator, torsi pada generator dan putaran pada generator selanjutnya diolah untuk mengetahui efisiensi sistem dan daya output. Data tersebut diolah dan didapatkan efisiensi terbaik pada sudu flat lebar sudu 80 mm yaitu sebesar 6.01% untuk putaran 184.2 rpm pada kecepatan angina 6 m/s dengan penambahan air exit variasi lebar celah masuk 40 mm. Efisiensi terbaik pada sudu flat lebar sudu 100 mm yaitu sebesar 3.29% untuk putaran 176.3 rpm pada kecepatan angina 6 m/s dengan penambahan air exit variasi lebar celah masuk 40 mm.
W poszukiwaniu „autentycznego” Afrykanina
Authors: Vorbrich Ryszard
Published: February 2020

Searching for the “Authentic” African
The concept of the “true”, authentic African, as a person fundamentally different
from Western people, had been long present in European academic discourse
(especially in anthropology), as well as popular culture. Its antithesis emerged as
a concept of the detribalised African, largely deprived of the traits of the authentic
African culture and adopting European cultural patterns.
The concept of an “authentic” African as a static “specimen” sourced from old
Africa, resistant to cultural change, was rejected by the new, educated African
elites. In postcolonial Africa, one of their responses was the idea of Afrocentrism.
The article is an essay, not aimed at an exhaustive analysis of the subject. It is
rather intended to indicate selected areas of discourse, as well as to show how the
concept of an “authentic” African functioned within the academic discourse, as
well as how, depending on the context and colonial doctrines, the phenomenon of
the interpenetration of cultures and the empowerment of Africans evolved.
GRUPA ZBROJNA SIRIRI JAKO PRZYKŁAD
DZIAŁALNOŚCI REBELIANTÓW W REPUBLICE
ŚRODKOWOAFRYKAŃSKIEJ
Authors: Cywa Izabela
Published: February 2020

The Siriri Military Group as an Example of Rebel Activities
in the CAR
Most military incidents in the Central African Republic that have been recorded
since 2017 stem from confl icts over transportation trails, cattle (buffalo) grazing
and mineral mines (gold and diamonds). The article aims to show the activities of
military groups on the territories controlled by them through an analysis of tactics
deployed by one of the rebel organisations. The activities of the Siriri group are
typical of separatist groups in the Central African Republic (CAR).
SOCJOKULTUROWY ASPEKT POWITAŃ W JĘZYKU SUAHILI
Authors: Wójtowicz Beata
Published: February 2020

The Socio-Cultural Context of Greetings in Swahili1
Today most linguists agree that language and culture are tightly connected. It is
also argued that in order to communicate successfully, we need to achieve a level
of socio-cultural competence along with an ability to use the grammar and the lexicon
of a particular language. There are many kinds of cultural norms and values
that one has to obey, as there may be fundamental communication and discourse
differences between one language and another. This paper is primarily concerned
with some issues of discourse strategies and pragmatics of African languages. While
the study focuses on greeting practices among the Swahili, it also investigates how
learners acquire the pragmatics of Swahili greetings in a foreign language context,
and how Swahili, as a language of wider communication, is infl uenced by cultural
norms and values of its speakers, for whom Swahili is not a primary language.
Cattura, trattamento e riutilizzo dell’acqua grigia e piovana nella residenza unifamiliare
Authors: Monteiro Otávio Pinetti , Lima Gemael Barbosa
Published: February 2020

L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di presentare una revisione bibliografica, il cui soggetto è il riutilizzo dell’acqua sotto la pioggia, nonché il riutilizzo delle acque grigie in una residenza unifamiliare. Per questo, la metodologia costituisce una ricerca di informazioni in libri, riviste, articoli, tesi di laurea magistrale e tesi di dottorato. Per riutilizzare consapevolmente, modi per catturare l’acqua da una residenza, sia dalla pioggia che cade sulle grondaie o utilizzato nei metodi di cattura nei lavandini da cucina e / o serbatoi di aree di servizio che riceveranno il trattamento necessario e saranno riutilizzati. Questi trattamenti agiscono in modo efficiente e forniscono l’uso di questa acqua per scopi meno nobili che rendono il consumo più razionale ed economico, cooperando per il mantenimento delle risorse ambientali.

Parole chiave: acqua, riutilizzo, cattura, trattamento, residenza.
febbre gialla e la costante necessità di sorveglianza epidemiologica
Authors: Gitirana José Valdeci Almeida
Published: February 2020

Obiettivo: svelare i fattori che giustificano l’importanza di una sorveglianza epidemiologica efficiente per il controllo della febbre gialla nel paese. Metodo: ricerca esplorativa, bibliografica, qualitativa e descrittiva. Risultati: le ultime indagini epidemiologiche indicano che il numero di casi di febbre gialla selvatica registrati in Brasile è molto variabile, quindi, se si ritiene che per ogni caso rilevabile ci siano altri 10 casi di evoluzione subclinica, le cifre effettive possono essere molto più grandi di quelli registrati dalle agenzie sanitarie. Conclusione: La febbre gialla, come malattia infettiva acuta, è una zoonosi difficile da controllare, in quanto è in grado di causare epidemie imprevedibili nelle popolazioni umane, un esempio è il momento vissuto dallo Stato di Minas Gerais, che soffre di un’epidemia di malattie, motivate da condizioni di squilibrio ambientale che favoriscono lo sviluppo e la proliferazione dei vettori, cooperando per il verificarsi di centinaia di decessi solo nei primi mesi del 2017.

Parole chiave: controllo, febbre gialla, diagnosi, sorveglianza epidemiologica.
Perbandingan Kekasaran Permukaan Resin Komposit Nanofiller pada Perendaman Saliva pH Asam
Authors: Puspitasari Selvy Amalia , Siswomiharjdo Widowati , Harsini Harsini
Published: February 2020

Nanofiller resin composite is a material used for dental restoration which will be in oral cavity so that interacted with the saliva. Saliva pH changes influenced by several factors, including bacteria in the oral cavity, enzymes, hormones and diet. Acid saliva can cause degradation in the composite, this degradation affects the surface roughness of resin composite. The purpose of this study is to compare surface roughness of nanofiller resins composite for 7 and 10 days of immersion in acid saliva.The samples used in this study were cylindrical mould dimension of diameter 5mm x 2mm, then polymerized with a visible light curing unit for 20s. Specimens immersed in acid artificial saliva (pH ± 4) for 7 and 10 days(4 specimens each group)and then stored in incubator at the temperature of 37ºC. The instrument used to measure surface roughness of resin composite was Surface Roughness Measuring Instrument (Surfcom 120A) that expressed in units of µm.Data were   analyzedand the result obtainedwas p = 0.263 (p> 0.05), which mean there were no significant differences in the mean roughness of nanofillerresins compositesurface that were immersed in acidic pH for 7 and 10 days. The conclusion of this study was thatthe surface roughness of nanofiller resins composite immersed in acid saliva for 10 days is not rougher than which immersed for 7days.
Pengaruh Susu Sapi dan Protein Whey Terhadap Kekerasan Email Gigi Setelah Demineralisasi
Authors: Dzulfia Liesma , Damiyanti Mia , Herda Ellyza
Published: February 2020

Caries has high prevalence oral problem in Indonesia. Bovine milk and its product has been proven to have anticariogenic effect. To analyze effect of immersed  enamel surface in bovine milk and protein whey after demineralization. Twenty one specimens of human premolar tooth enamel measured its hardness before the treatment, after demineralized with 1% citric acid (pH 2.5), and after immersed in bovine milk, whey protein and aquades for 90 minutes. Enamel hardness number was measured using Knoop Microhardness Tester with 25 g load for 5 seconds. Statistical analysis with Repeated Anova showed significant increased of enamel hardness in bovine milk and protein whey groups (p<0.05). There was no significant differences between group immersed in bovine milk and whey protein (p>0.05). Bovine milk and whey protein could remineralize enamel surface but not be able to restore the original value of email surface hardness.
Gambaran Radiografis Restorasi Kelas II Resin Komposit Packable, Flowable dan Pasta Regular
Authors: Tjandrawinata Rosalina , Wibowo Lie Hanna Davita
Published: February 2020

Polymerization shrinkage can make a gap formation between dental cavity wall and composite resin restorative materials. In radiographic film, the gap appears radiolucent, looks like secondary caries, or bonding material.The purpose of this study was to determineradiographic difference of class II restoration usingpackable, flowable, and regular paste compositeresin. The samples were12 free caries maxillary premolarwhich were extracted from orthodontic patient. Class II cavities were prepared as follows buco-palatal distance  3 mm, mesiodistal 2 mm, depth 3mm. Samples were divided into four groups. Group 1 were restored with regular pastecomposite resin, group 2 with  packable compositeresin, group 3with flowable and regular pastecomposite resin, while group 4 were restored with flowable and packable composite resin. After 24 hours, the sampleswere exposed by dental x-ray.The radiolucent areabetween dental cavity wall and resin composite restoration were 0.21-0.36mm. Data wereanalyzed using one way ANOVA, followed by LSD test showed that the distance formed in group 1, 3 and 4 were not different significantly, butdifferentsignificantlywith group 2. It can be concluded that there are radiographic difference of class II restoration using packable, flowable and regular pastecomposite resin.
Chitosan 2% Effect on Prohibiting the Growth of Candida Albicans on Heatcured Acrylic Resin
Authors: Evelyna Angela , Sutanto Dahlia , Tiffany Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

Maintaining acrylic denture hygiene is a necessary to prohibit the growth of several oral fungi such as Candida albicans. Candida albicans are the main etiological microorganism of denture stomatitis. One of the ways to clean denture is by immersion on synthetic denture cleaner liquid such as oxygenizing denture cleaners. However, synthetic denture cleaner have several limitation due to its biocompatibility on human body especially oral tissue. Chitosan is a derivate of chitin, a natural compound of sea creature exosceleton. Chitosan have antifungi and antibacterial nature. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antifungi efectifity of chitosan 2% on acrylic heatcured and compare it with oxygenizing denture cleaner. Aquades is used as a control. The sample consists of 15 acrylic heatcured bars (10x10x2 mm) prepared by contamination on Candida albicans suspensions at temperature 37°C for 24 hours and immersed on 3 different treatments wich are chitosan 2%, oxygenizing denture cleanser, and aquades as control and then, the solutions are being vibrate and put into sabouraud dextrose agar medium. The colony of Candida albicans counted manually. Result shows, highest mean of Candida albicans colony on aquades group (365,66 CFU/plate), followed by oxygenizing denture cleanser treatment (178,33 CFU/plate). The smallest number colony of Candida albicans are found at chitosan 2% treatment (45,33 CFU/plate). Statistical analysis using ANOVA one way shows F=9.826 and p=0, this means, there is minimal one pair of groups with very significant differential (p<0,01) which are chitosan 2% and oxygenizing denture cleanser compared to aquades as control. The difference between those two treatments also significant. Conclusions of this study is that chitosan 2% solution have a sifnificant effect on prohibiting the growth of Candida albicans colony on acrylic heatcured denture base materials. The effectivity of this solution is significantly higher than oxygenizing denture cleanser treatment.
Pengaruh pH Saliva terhadap Kelarutan Ion Aluminium Pada Resin Komposit Nanohybrid
Authors: Espressivo Aufia , Irnawati Dyah , Agustiono Purwanto
Published: February 2020

Nanohybrid composite resin is a type of composite resin restorative material containing micro-sized filler particles incorporated with nanoparticles. Composite resin restoration in the oral cavity can release its filler particles, one of them is aluminum ion. The pH of saliva is varied. This research aimed to determine the influence of salivary pH on aluminum ion solubility of nanohybrid composite resin. The materials used were nanohybrid composite resin Tetric Evoceram (Ivoclar Vivadent, Austria) and artificial saliva with pH of 5.6, 6.7, and 8.0. Twelve disc-shaped composite resin samples sized 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were made. Samples were polymerized using light curing unit for 20 seconds. Composite resin samples were divided into three pH groups (n=4) and then each sample was soaked in 10 mL artificial saliva inside of polyethylene bottle. The immersion was done in the incubator for 14 days at 37ºC. The concentration of aluminum ion in artificial saliva solutions subsequently was calculated using AAS. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (a=0,05). The mean concentration of aluminum ion released into saliva with pH 5.6, 6.7, and 8.0 were 0.538 ± 0.996 ppm, 0.431 ± 0.981 ppm, and 0.350 ± 0.071 ppm respectively. The result of One-way ANOVA showed a significant influence of salivary pH variation to the solubility of aluminum ion on nanohybrid composite resin (p<0,05). LSD test showed a significant difference only between saliva pH 5,6 and 8,0. The conclusion of this research was that low salivary pH increased the solubility of aluminum ion on nanohybrid resin composite in saliva.
Pengaruh Polyethylene Fiber pada Material Resin Komposit terhadap Jumlah Koloni Candida albicans
Authors: Buwana Raymund Octavius Kusuma , Siswomihardjo Widowati , Sunarintyas Siti
Published: February 2020

Fiber reinforced composite (FRC) is a material combination of polymer matrix and fiber. Fiber that commonly used in dentistry is polyethylene fiber due its resistance to abrasion. During placement of FRC in mouth, interaction will occur between the material with mucosa, saliva, and microorganisms. Candida albicans is one of many microorganisms present in oral. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of addition polyethylene fiber on composite resin to C. albicans colony counts. Flowable composite and polyethylene fiber are material used in this study. Bar-shaped samples which sized 5x4x2 mm (n=4) immersed in 5 ml saliva for 1 hour, then immersed in suspension containing C. albicans and incubated for 2 hours at 37°C. The suspension was diluted to 10 then 0.1 mL were put in a solid medium and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. The amount of C. albicans was determined by direct count. Data were statistically analyzed by using unpaired t-test.The result of unpaired t-test showed a significance differences of C. albicans colony between composite resin and FRC with polyethylene fiber (p <0.05). The conclusion was there was a significant increasing number of C. albicans colonies on composite resin with addition of polyethylene fiber.
Pengaruh Variasi pH Saliva terhadap Perlekatan Streptococcus mutans pada Resin Komposit Nanofil
Authors: Maharani Rahma Syarafina , Siswomiharjdo Widowati , Sunarintyas Siti
Published: February 2020

Nanofilled composite resin restorations are in contact with saliva.Salivary pH affect the hydrolysis process and produce a surface roughness.S.mutansadhesion occur in a rough area of the oral cavity.The aim was to determine the effect of variations in salivary pHonS.mutansadhesion to nanofilled composite resin.Nanofilled composite resin(Filtex Z350XT-3M ESPE)5mm diameter and 2mm thick(N=12)were divided into three groups(n=4)and immersed in 5ml artificial saliva pH 3.5, pH 7, pH 8, incubated 14 days,37°C. Samples were soaked into saliva 1 hour,37 C. Samples were put into bacterial suspension 24 hours,37°C, diluted to 10.0.1ml of the final dilution were cultured on BHI agar, incubated 48 hours,37°C. S.mutans colonies were determined using Colony Counter(CFU/ml). Data were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA test(a=0.05) and LSD0.05. The test showed there is influence ofthe variations  in salivary pHonS.mutans adhesionto nanofilled composite  resin(p<0.05). Based on LSD0.05 test, there are significant differences between the pH 3.5 group and the pH 7; pH 8 groups, butnot between the pH 7group and the pH 8 group. Variations in salivary pH affectedS.mutansadhesion to nanofilled composite resin.The acidic pH of saliva increased the S.mutansadhesion on nanofilled composite resin compared with the neutral or alkaline.
Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Penyerapan Air Dan Kelarutan Resin Komposit
Authors: Harahap Kholidina Imanda , Rusfian Rusfian , Al-Harits Affan Ali
Published: February 2020

The existence of composite resin as dental restorative materials in the mouth will always be exposed to temperature changes from food or drink. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on water absorption and solubility of the composite resin. Thirty samples made from nanofiller composite resin with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The samples were divided into three test groups (n=10) that is immersed at 50 (I), 37 (II) and 5 °C (III). The testing procedure of water sorption and solubility of the composite resin made according to the ISO 4049: 2000 specifications. Data will be analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Least Significance Data test (p=0,05). The results showed there is significant differences of the water sorption (p=0,045)  and solubility (p=0,018). The highest water sorption is group I (0,0057±0,007µg/mm3) than group II (0,0028±0,0013 µg/mm) and group III (0,0005±0,0006 µg/mm). While the heighest solubility values   are in group I (0,003 ± 0,0027 µg/ mm), than group II (0,002 ± 0,0013 µg/mm) and group III (0,001 ± 0,00 µg/mm). It can be concluded that temperature could increase water sorption and solubility of composite resin.
Pengaruh Lama Perendaman Fiber Reinforced Composite dengan Fiber Sisal (Agave sisalana) Terkalissai dalam Saliva Buatan Terhadap Perubahan Dimensi
Authors: Wibowo Diva Agrita Dentisia , Widjijono Widjijono , Siswomihardjo Widowati
Published: February 2020

Fiber reinforced composite is a material composed of matrix and reinforced by fiber. Fiber sisal is a natural fiber an alternatives synthetic fiber developed as dental material. Resin composite matrix is a hydrophilic substance that cause dimensional change. Alkalization of sisal fiber reduces the ability of hydrophilic sites which affects the dimensional changes. The aim of this study was to determine how different period of immersion affect dimensional change in samples. The samples used in this research were FRC made from flowable resin composite (Master Flow, Brazil), and alkalized sisal fiber. The samples were shaped into cuboid measuring 25x2x2 mm. Fiber was placed in the middle of sample with continuous unidirectional direction and then irradiated for 20 seconds using LCU. A total of 16 samples were divided to 4 groups, each group with the  different period of immersion 0, 7, 14 and 21 days respectively. Dimensional changes were measured by the final dimension minus the initial dimension. Dimensional change was measured by the length, width, and height using digital sliding caliper with 0.001 mm nonius. The samples were immersed in the artificial saliva with pH 7. The data was analyzed using one way Anova and followed by LSD0.05. The result shows the mean value and standard deviation of dimensional changes with period of immersion at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days were 0.264±0.085, 2.856±0.089, 4.417±0.115 and 4.294±0.087 mm3. The F  value  obtained from one way Anova was 1.640±103 and the significance was 0.001 (p<0.05), indicated a significance difference. LSD presented a significance difference of mean to all treat,ent except for 14th and 21th day. This study concluded that various period of immersion increase effect to the dimensional changes of FRC with alkalized fiber sisal.
Pengaruh Nanofilled Resin Coating terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Semen Ionomer Kaca
Authors: Handoko Michael William , Tjandrawinata Rosalina
Published: February 2020

One of the restorative dental materials that is continuously developed is Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). The aim of this research is to know whether there is influence of nanofilled resin coating application on GIC to reduce surface roughness. In this study GIC type II (EQUIA Forte, GC, Japan) was used to be mechanically manipulated and inserted into a mold which produced a sample of 6.0±0.3 mm in diameter and 3.0±0.2 mm in height. GIC samples were divided into 2 groups namely 10 GIC samples were not coated with nanofilled resin coating as control group and 10 GIC samples were coated with nanofilled resin coating as treatment group. GIC samples were tested immediately and then immersed in sterile distilled water in a 37°C incubator. After 24 hours, GIC samples were surface roughness tested using a Surface Roughness Tester. Then all samples were brushed using a soft bristle mechanical tooth brush for 1 hour. After brushing, the sample is tested for final surface roughness. The results showed an increase in surface roughness in non-coated group/control (0.005 ± 0,328mm) and coated group (0.015±0.240 mm). Statistical data analysis using unpaired t test showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the increasing of surface roughness between control group and treatment group. It can be concluded that application of nanofilled resin coating to GIC cannot reduce the roughness of GIC surface.