bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma on consumer characteristics of spunmelt material
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Lisanevich Maria S. , Galimzyanova Reseda Yu. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Ibragimov Rustem G. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: February 2021

Nonwovens (nonwovens) are widely used in medicine, for the manufacture of medical linen, sanitary and hygienic items, medical clothing, surgical materials (including dressings). The rapid development of the clothing market requires domestic manufacturers to be competitive not only through new products and technologies, but also new sensations for the consumer, provided that the price is competitive. According to medical workers, disposable surgical gowns based on spunmelt materials give a feeling of discomfort during use. One and relatively new method for modifying nanomaterials is treatment with nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma (NLTP). The main advantage of this type of material modification is the environmental friendliness of the method, as in the process of processing aqueous solutions of chemicals are not used, as in the case of using special impregnations. Modern research of medical services. As a result of the work, it was revealed that the modification of NM NNTP allows you to change the NM for changes in surface, physical and mechanical, as well as consumer properties, while maintaining the strength characteristics. It is shown that after plasma treatment spunmelt materials increase such consumer characteristics as air permeability, hygroscopicity, while maintaining the strength during elongation; reduction of material stiffness during bending. It was also found that after the processing of NTPP, the electrification rate increases within the normal range, in GOST 12.1.045-84. Manufacturers are recommended to process spunmelt material with non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma on a high-frequency capacitive plasma installation with a power of Wp = 1.5 kW, processing time τ = 180 s and pressure P = 21.5 Pa. Use argon gas with a gas flow of 1500 cm3/min as a plasma-forming gas.
Synthesis and study of polyfunctional silicon-containing amines as adhesion promoters of epoxyamine compounds
Authors:   Chuvash State University  named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ivanova Christina Y. , Kuzmin Mikhail V. ,   Chuvash State University  named after I.N. Ulyanov, Kolyamshin Oleg A. ,   Chuvash State University  named after I.N. Ulyanov, Koltsov Nikolay I. ,   Chuvash State University  named after I.N. Ulyanov
Published: February 2021

At present, in order to obtain high-tech hybrid products, high demands are placed on modern adhesives for creating durable joints between dissimilar materials. It is known that adhesion depends on the compatibility of the adhesives with the surfaces of the materials. For epoxy compositions, amine compounds are the main hardeners. In this regard, in the presented work, silicon-containing amines were synthesized based on polyfunctional aminoalkoxysiloxanes for epoxy compositions, the strength of attachment of which to various metal substrates was studied using these adhesion promoters. Aminoalkoxysiloxanes were prepared by reacting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with monoethanolamine in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure in the presence of a binary antioxidant and catalytic amounts of an alkali metal alcoholate. To carry out the reaction in a homogeneous phase, the reaction mixture was heated to a temperature of 100-110 °C and distilled off to 90% of ethanol from the theoretically calculated amount. Further, the reaction was carried out at a reduced temperature of 10-20 millimeter of mercury pressure until the release of alcohol stops. At the same time, gravimetric control was carried out and the refractive index of the reaction mixture was measured. As a result, aminoalkoxysilanes were obtained in the form of light-yellow oily liquids. The structure of the obtained compounds was investigated by IR-spectroscopy on a Fourier spectrophotometer FSM-1202 and 1H NMR-spectroscopy on a high-resolution BrukerWM-250 NMR-spectrometer. It was found that under the selected synthesis conditions, aminopropyl-tri-(2-aminoethoxy)silane is obtained with the highest yield of 97.6% at a molar ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AGM-9) with monoethanolamine 1: 3. The obtained compounds were used in the composition of epoxy compounds in order to improve their physical and mechanical properties. The adhesion properties of epoxy compositions based on ED-22 epoxy resin and isophorone diamine were studied using synthesized polyfunctional aminoalkoxysiloxanes as adhesion promoters. It was found that the most effective adhesion promoter is aminopropyl-tri-(2-aminoethoxy) silane.
Comparison of the efficiency of photoionization at atmospheric pressure and electrospray ionization on the example of some aflatoxins and trichothecenes
Authors:   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Mukharlyamova Aisylu Z. , Saifutdinov Aleksandr M. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Rakhmetova Elvira R. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Mukhammetshina Aygul G. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Fitsev Igor M. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of comparing the effectiveness of modern ionization methods used in chromatomass spectrometric analysis: photoionization at atmospheric pressure (APPI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) for the determination of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxins related to the main natural pollutants of agricultural feed, food raw materials and food products. Aflatoxin B1 is a member of the aflatoxin family, which in their chemical structure are derivatives of substituted coumarins or furocoumarins. The peculiarity of aflatoxins is that in the process of technological or culinary processing, they are practically not destroyed, while being the strongest hepatocancerogens that cause irreversible liver damage. T-2 toxin refers to trichothecene mycotoxins, in the structure of which there is a trichothecene ring containing a multiple bond and an epoxy group. Most trichothecene mycotoxins are slightly toxic compounds, but T-2 toxin is deadly, having a negative effect on immunocompetent organs, hematopoietic organs, and the gastrointestinal tract, increasing the risk of internal hemorrhage. Due to the impossibility of preventing contamination of agricultural feed, food raw materials and food products with mycotoxins, their strict control is necessary. Chromatomass spectrometry is one of the methods that provide high sensitivity and reliability for the determination of mycotoxins Methods of ionization sources, such as electrospray and photoionization at atmospheric pressure during mass spectrometric detection of mycotoxins by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-MS/MS), are evaluated. In order to increase the sensitivity of the determinations, the optimal conditions of the quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometric detector were selected and the maximum intensity responses of the analytes were obtained. During the experiment, it was found that the intensity of the signal with a photoionization source obtained by analyzing the T-2 toxin is higher than the signal obtained by using an electrospray ionization source.
Determination of deoxynivalenol in feed, feed raw materials and food
Authors:   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Mishina Nailya N. , Shtyrov Ivan N. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Sagdeeva Zukhra H. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Potekhina Ramziya M. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Shlyamina Oksana V. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Semyonov Eduard I. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety
Published: February 2021

The article presents the survey data of 1830 average samples of feed, feed raw materials and food products received through the Test Center of the FSBSI «FCTRBS-RRVI»", provided by livestock and feed enterprises, agricultural companies, food manufacturers and 152 samples of feed provided by specialists of veterinary services , livestock enterprises, owners of peasant farms to determine the death of animals and birds, for the content of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in the period from 2018 to 2020. Determination of the DON content in the samples was carried out according to a certified procedure based on the method of thin layer chromatography. In the course of summarizing the results, it was found that samples of feed, feed raw materials and food products received through the Test Center of the of the FSBSI «FCTRBS-RRVI» from different regions of the Russian Federation in terms of DON content corresponded to the normative indicators specified in the current regulatory and technical documentation. When determining the cause of death of animals and birds, 152 samples were examined, received from farms of different regions of the Republics of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Mordovia, Kostroma and Ryazan regions. It was found that 1.97% of samples were contaminated with DON at concentrations from 0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg of feed, in the rest, the content of mycotoxin was below the sensitivity of the method (< 0.2 mg/kg), which does not exceed the limit permissible concentration. It was recommended to exclude feed contaminated with mycotoxin from the diet of animals, since at the established concentrations, DON is not the main etiological factor in the death of animals, but due to the presence of carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, embryotoxic and immunosuppressive properties, together with other factors, it is contributing.
Investigation of the quality of seeds of Anethum graveolens varieties Gribovsky and Lesnogorodsky by method of thermal analysis
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev, Zueva Elena V. , Belopukhov Sergey L. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev, Baybekov Ravil F. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev
Published: February 2021

The paper presents data on the study of the chemical composition of dill (Anethum graveolens L) using foliar treatment of vegetative plants with the growth-regulating agent Nicosulfuron [2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbomoyl-sulfamoyl) -N,N-dimethylnicotinamide]. Field experiments were carried out at the agrobiological station of the Humanitarian and Technological University of the city of Orekhovo-Zuevo, Moscow Region in 2016-2018. The soil of the experimental plots is sod-podzolic medium loamy. Plants were treated with a solution of Nicosulfuron with a concentration of 0.1 g/l according to the active substance. It was found that foliar treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of 2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbomoyl-sulfamoyl)-N,N-dimethylnico-tinamide led to a change in the concentrations of macrocomponents in the seeds of dill varieties Gribovsky and Lesnogorodsky. Differential thermal analysis of DTA) of dill seeds was carried out using a thermoanalytical complex based on a derivatograph. The sample heating rate in a platinum crucible was 5, 10, and 20 degrees per minute. The DTA method showed a significant difference in the component composition of the organic matter of seeds of both varieties. 6 organic components can be grouped into two groups – with thermal decomposition temperatures of 200-400 °C and 400-600 °C. The treatment with Nicosulfuron leads to a shift in the accumulation of synthesized spare components of seeds towards easily degradable (up to 400 °C) components. This treatment effect is manifested in the fact that in the total mass of organic components of dill seeds (at the level of 87%), the fraction of readily decomposable organic matter is 64-70% for both varieties. In the control variant, without treatment with the drug, the biosynthesis of hardly degradable components, probably having a high molecular weight, and for high-molecular compounds having a high degree of polymerization, occurs. At the same time, the total activation energy for organic compounds in the control is 30-40% higher compared to the samples that were treated with Nicosulfuron.
Processing of experimental data for the separation of chromatographic signals of tetracycline group antibiotics by mathematical modeling
Authors:   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Mukharlyamova Aisylu Z. , Saifutdinov Aleksandr M. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Rakhmetova Elvira R. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Mukhammetshina Aygul G. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Gaynullin Aynaz Z. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Likhacheva Alena Yu. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Fitsev Igor M. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety
Published: February 2021

Antibiotics belonging to the classes of sulfonamides, amphenicols and tetracyclines, such as tetracycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline, are used to control infectious diseases of honeybees. In addition, tetracycline group antibiotics can be added directly to plants during flowering. Contamination of the flower with high concentrations of antibiotics entails the risk of transferring antibiotic residues to honey. Consequently, these antibiotics persist as contaminants in honey, and the determination of these drugs in honey samples is of great importance. Tetracyclines have a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The basic structure of tetracyclines consists of a hydro-naphthacene framework containing four rings. Due to their possible toxic or allergic reactions and the possibility that pathogens may become resistant to these drugs, much attention has recently been paid to tetracyclines. For the detection of residual quantities of antibiotics in food products increasingly requires reliable analytical methods. The main method for determining tetracycline group antibiotics is the method of high-performance liquid chromatography, but the micro-quantities of their residual concentration and unsatisfactory chromatographic conditions, under which peaks may overlap, as well as insufficient sample preparation conditions, under which matrix components may overlap, make quantitative calculations difficult when using this method. This article describes a method for calculating the initial value of intesiveness and peak width using mathematical modeling. Based on the analysis of real chromatographic data, the applicability of this method for the quantitative determination of tetracycline group antibiotics is shown.
Criminological prognostication of the emergence of new types of narcotic drugs
Authors:   Dmitry Mendeleev  University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Shlykov Ilya V. , Kovalenko Alexey E. ,   Dmitry Mendeleev  University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Rushakova Maria V. ,   Dmitry Mendeleev  University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of studying the algorithms for the emergence of new types of narcotic drugs, identifies the patterns of changes in the chemical structures of new psychoactive substances, and proposes a mechanism for criminological prognostication of the emergence of new types of substances with narcogenic potential. Analytical studies of the emergence of new psychostimulants have confirmed the correctness of the chosen model of state control of new psychoactive substances – the introduction of “derivative narcotic substances and psychotropic substances” into Russian legislation. An objective and comprehensive study of the chemical structures of molecules of new psychoactive substances also confirmed the legitimacy of establishing state control over the illegal traffic of analogues of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. In general, the conducted analytical study suggests considering from the scientific and analytical point of view the possible introduction into law enforcement practice of a new direction "Criminological prognostication of the emergence of new types of narcotic drugs". The general algorithms and patterns found in the process of analytical research in the new structures of molecules of psychoactive substances have confirmed both the forensic search and the logical and stepwise development of science in the field of psychoactive substances.
A rendőrség és a tűzvédelmi igazgatás kapcsolata
Authors: Hevér Enikő , Muhoray Árpád
Published: February 2021

The authors provide an overview of how the administrative regulation and practical duties of police and fire departments, and disaster management in general connect in Hungary.
Temetők, istentiszteleti helyek, védőszentek és imakönyvek jelentősége a rendőrségi lelkipásztori ellátás tekintetében
Authors: Szabó Csaba
Published: February 2021

The author provides a comparative overview of the challenges police pastoral services face.
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in Brazil
Authors: Santos Roberta Kahwage , Loureiro Gabriel De Jesus da Fonseca , Barros Letícia Barbosa
Published: February 2021

Background: Prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in asthmatic adults is estimated in 2,5%, what matches to more than 4.8 million of patients around the world; from those, more than 1.4 million are only in Latin America. Most patients with the disease are immunocompetent and present themselves with a poorly controlled asthma, secretive cough and recurrent pneumonia.  It’s curiously sensible to glucocorticoids, so early diagnosis and treatment may prevent bronchiectasis; otherwise, if it isn’t recognized soon, may lead to ending stage pulmonary fibrosis. First described by Hinson in 1952, even after almost seven decades, it’s still hardly recognized and treated.

Methods and Findings: A case report was performed through clinical follow up of a patient evaluated in a Brazilian hospital diagnosed with ABPA after four years of poorly controlled asthma after even being in ICU and mechanic ventilation support. The patient presented eosinophilia high serum IgE, central bronchiectasis and positive prick test for Aspergillus fumigatus. There was also performed a integrative research of all the studies published in Brazil since the first case report in 1989. There were researched the platforms PubMed, BVS (that covers MedLine and LILACS bases), Scielo, Cochrane, JAMA, NEJM and LANCET using the descriptors “allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis” and “Brazil”. There was found 17 articles about ABPA, 10 meeting the inclusion criteria. Of those, only 4 covered clinical and epidemiological features of ABPA in asthmatic patients.

Conclusions: There are very few studies on ABPA in Brazil in the last 30 years. More research in the country is needed to make this diagnostic possibility part of severe asthma differential and lead the patients to earlier diagnosis.
Compreensão da rotulagem nutricional por frequentadores de um supermercado em Campos Verdes - Goiás
Authors: Xavier Daniella Francisca , De Morais Mariana Patricio
Published: February 2021

A função do rótulo, dentre outros fatores, é orientar os consumidores sobre o alimento em questão, apresentando as características nutricionais do produto, para que haja uma escolha saudável na hora da compra. No entanto, a maioria dos consumidores não utiliza essa ferramenta a seu favor, muitas vezes pelo não entendimento das informações nutricionais presentes. Este trabalho, um estudo transversal, avaliou o hábito de leitura e compreensão dos rótulos de produtos alimentícios em frequentadores de um supermercado na cidade de Campos Verdes, Goiás. A metodologia empregada consistiu da aplicação de um questionário em uma amostra populacional de 47 consumidores selecionados aleatoriamente em supermercado na cidade de Campos Verdes, Goiás. Verificou-se que 53,19% dos entrevistados não avaliam os rótulos dos alimentos. Os usuários da rotulagem foram, na sua maioria, mulheres, jovens e com curso superior. Houve associação significativa entre hábito de leitura e a escolaridade, sendo que 55,56% dos usuários com curso superior demonstraram maior interesse pela leitura dos rótulos. A informação mais buscada na rotulagem é a validade do produto, seguido de valor calórico. A leitura dos rótulos de alimentos precisa ser popularizada, seja por meio de campanhas educativas, seja pela interação entre usuários e profissionais de saúde. Neste sentido, a educação alimentar e nutricional é uma ferramenta indispensável para desenvolver a autonomia dos consumidores no momento da compra, para que saibam o que estão adquirindo, podendo assim, fazer escolhas mais saudáveis.
Modelagem de novos nós lógicos baseados na IEC 61850 para aplicação em sistemas de gestão de transformadores de potência
Authors: Aguiar Giancarlo De França , Aguiar Bárbara De Cassia Xavier Cassins , Silva Humberto De AlencarPizza , Wilhelm Volmir Eugênio , Wilhelm Helena Maria
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho apresenta o modelamento de dois novos Nós Lógicos para a norma IEC 61850.  Estes modelos foram implementados no monitoramento de dois transformadores de transmissão e distribuição para a criação de um sistema de gestão destes ativos, cuja topologia foi elaborada com base na norma IEC 61850. Este trabalho contribui para a revisão do capítulo da norma que versa sobre monitoramento e supervisão de transformadores (IEC 61850-7-4) e inaugura modelos de Diagnostico e Expectativa de sua Vida Útil. A implementação foi realizada na área piloto do projeto (subestação Pilarzinho), de forma experimental e, avaliados e validados em campo, através da utilização de uma técnica não invasiva de avaliação da degradação do sistema de isolamento dos transformadores, a chamada Espectroscopia Dielétrica por Corrente de Polarização e Despolarização (PDC) e a Medida de Condutividade do Óleo Isolante (LCM). Foi implementado também o processo de secagem da parte ativa baseado em filtros moleculares e que consiste na remoção seletiva das moléculas de água do óleo isolante provocando um desequilíbrio entre a umidade dos materiais isolantes.
Utilização do espectrômetro Alta II para obtenção da absortância solar de superfícies opacas
Authors: Pereira Adriana Rodrigues , Hirashima Simone Queiroz da Silveira , Oliveira Raquel Diniz
Published: February 2021

A absortância solar de superfícies possui grande influência nos ganhos de calor do edifício, influenciando o seu comportamento térmico. O método mais preciso para obter a absortância de uma amostra é por meio da medição de sua refletância mediante o uso de um espectrofotômetro. No entanto, este equipamento possui um custo elevado e não permite a realização de medições de campo. Uma alternativa para esse método é a utilização do espectrômetro Alta II, que é mais acessível e permite a medição das refletâncias em onze comprimentos de onda. Este artigo apresenta a metodologia de medições de refletância usando o espectrômetro Alta II e os procedimentos de cálculo para obtenção da absortância solar. Como resultado, este artigo apresenta a absortância solar obtida em ensaios para alguns materiais, que podem servir como referência para pesquisas futuras.
Interrogation de la fonction de génération de signification du noyau central des représentations sociales à partir de l’étude longitudinale d’un système représentationnel de trois objets
Authors: Fregonese Coralie , Ratinaud Pierre
Published: February 2021

Cette étude s’intéresse aux transformations qui s’opèrent dans un système représentationnel lors d’une formation professionnalisante. Elle s’appuie sur l’approche structurale des représentations sociales et a pour objectif d’interroger la fonction d’attribution de signification des éléments centraux des représentations sociales. Une étude partiellement longitudinale a été réalisée auprès de 192 sujets en formation professionnelle de sage-femme sur un système de 3 objets de représentations : la profession de sage-femme, la profession de médecin et la notion d’accompagnement. Les résultats obtenus par le biais d’associations libres et de test d’indépendance au contexte permettent de réinterroger la fonction de génération de sens des items centraux en pointant la stabilité du noyau central et des évolutions significatives dans la façon de définir les objets étudiés.
Les représentations sociales des risques psychosociaux chez les infirmiers et les infirmières : l’exemple du noyau central et du système périphérique
Authors: Cimier Amandine , Hemairia Clerc Stéphanie
Published: February 2021

Les risques psychosociaux font partie intégrante du métier d’infirmier. Entre perception de troubles psychiques et risques liés à l’organisation, les professionnels doivent constituer une représentation structurée pour agir dans leur milieu de travail. Notre recherche a pour but d’explorer la structuration cognitive d’infirmiers et d’infirmiers en poste et en formation. Notre démarche repose sur l’analyse structurale d’évocations liées à l’expression « risques psychosociaux ». 88 professionnels de santé et futurs professionnels ont répondu à notre questionnaire. Nous avons traité et exploré dans cet article la question des évocations libres en analysant leurs fréquences et leurs rangs d’apparition. Les résultats montrent que les futurs professionnels de santé ainsi que les professionnels intériorisent les risques psychosociaux au détriment d’une remise en question de l’organisation du travail. Ils montrent aussi une structuration différenciée en fonction du statut. Les futurs professionnels de santé perçoivent davantage les troubles psychosociaux à l’intérieur de l’organisation alors que les professionnels perçoivent davantage les risques. Notre recherche nous permet de penser qu’il serait intéressant que les professionnels aient accès aux cognitions en lien avec les ressources psychosociales plus que sur les phénomènes perturbateurs, et aussi qu’ils puissent remettre en question l’organisation du travail plus que leurs propres ressources individuelles.
Effet modérateur des TIC sur les risques psychosociaux en Hôpital psychiatrique
Authors: Piperini Marie-Christine , Simeone Arnaud , Simonian Stéphane , Chaker Rawad , Topouzkhanian Sylvia , Garcia J.P.
Published: February 2021

Comprendre la place des technologies de l’information et de la communication dans l’enchainement causal des RPS en Hôpital psychiatrique est utile dans la recherche d’une prévention. Notre hypothèse est celle d’un effet modérateur des TIC entre la perception d’éléments organisationnels facteurs de risques psychosociaux et les troubles caractéristiques du développement d’un épuisement professionnel. Notre enquête auprès de 510 salariés de CHS, montre que l’intensité de la dépendance numérique et de l’usage des TIC professionnelles dans le cadre privé, est associée à des facteurs de risques psychosociaux caractéristiques d’une demande professionnelle excessive, et d’un environnement social et relationnel délétère. Nos résultats précisent que cet usage des TIC suit l’accroissement de l’épuisement professionnel, en agissant à la façon d’une réponse adaptative, opérant en particulier sur l’anxiété.
Les générations au prisme des valeurs
Authors: Galland Olivier
Published: February 2021

Dans le cadre de la série ouverte dans ce numéro, consacrée aux inégalités et à l’évolution des relations, plus ou moins conflictuelles ou de solidarité, entre les générations, et quelques mois avant un autre dossier spécial consacré aux résultats des enquêtes sur les valeurs des Européens 1 , Olivier Galland examine ici ce que nous révèlent ces enquêtes s’agissant des différences de valeurs entre générations. Et regardées sur longue période, les valeurs exprimées par les Européens ne divergent pas autant qu’on pourrait le penser en fonction de l’âge. Partant de plusieurs grands systèmes de valeurs (libéralisme culturel, traditions et religiosité, implication dans la vie sociale et confiance envers les autres) analysés sur une trentaine d’années, l’auteur montre ici combien les différences de valeurs sont bien davantage fonction du pays d’appartenance que de l’âge des répondants. Il détaille ces résultats concernant le libéralisme culturel (via la tolérance de l’homosexualité), l’engagement sociopolitique, le rapport à la démocratie (en la matière, les évolutions récentes posent encore question), le regard sur l’égalité hommes / femmes, les valeurs environnementales, et la confiance dans la police. De quoi relativiser le spectre d’un conflit majeur de valeurs entre les jeunes et leurs aînés…  S.D.
Le Plan de relance européen, une percée historique
Authors: Vieilledent Catherine , Drevet Jean-François
Published: February 2021

Alors que la pandémie de Covid-19 continue de sévir en Europe, compliquée par l’apparition de nouveaux variants, obligeant de nombreux pays à reconfiner leur population et à restreindre leurs activités économiques, les perspectives de sortie de crise — sanitaire et a fortiori économique — s’éloignent. Fort heureusement, contrairement à la précédente crise (2008), l’Union européenne, cette fois, a privilégié la solidarité pour y faire face, avec l’adoption d’un Plan de relance européen. Ceci constitue, selon Catherine Vieilledent et Jean-François Drevet, une percée historique : enfin, l’Union se donne les moyens de son existence en tant qu’entité économique et politique. Cet article présente la teneur de ce Plan de relance, les différents instruments mobilisés pour permettre aux États membres de soutenir puis relancer leur économie, et ce en quoi il marque un changement majeur dans l’histoire de la construction communautaire. Avec un budget commun déverrouillé, la possibilité de recourir à l’emprunt et le retour des ressources propres, l’Union change d’envergure et s’offre des moyens d’action puissants à long terme. C’est un progrès majeur qui témoigne concrètement de l’utilité de l’Union pour les citoyens et qui pourrait donner à l’ensemble européen une nouvelle chance de se repositionner sur la scène mondiale.  S.D.
Sur la profération de l’« ego sum ». La parole dans la métaphysique de Descartes
Authors: Dubouclez Olivier
Published: February 2021

Si la profération de l’« ego sum, ego existo » au début de la Seconde méditation (AT VII 25, 12) paraît cohérente avec l’interprétation du cogito comme performatif, la présente étude, en insistant sur la situation textuelle du « profertur » cartésien, voudrait souligner son incongruité en contexte métaphysique et tenter d’en rendre raison. En montrant que la profération est bien chez Descartes une manifestation privilégiée de l’union de l’âme et du corps, elle suggère que le premier « ego sum, ego existo » de 1641 engage un sujet humain et, ce faisant, implique l’indistinction de l’âme et du corps que son second énoncé (27, 9) aura pour tâche de surmonter. Cette indistinction provisoire tient au statut de l’ ego comme créature existant dans le monde qui, comme le note explicitement le méditant, met en péril la vérité de l’« ego sum ». Ce dernier n’est pas d’abord et immédiatement le lieu d’une clarté, mais celui d’une confusion qui, faisant droit une dernière fois à l’homme et à sa parole, confirme qu’il est un processus se déployant au sein de la Seconde méditation .
Auto-feedback to improve academic performance
Authors: Navarro Jover José Manuel
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out on first-year engineering students in the subject of technical drawing, an eminently practical subject that requires the continuous development of spatial vision and also that students should devote time and effort to it from the very beginning. For the study we designed an auto-feedback activity to be applied to the students in the experimental group. The aim was to determine whether the students improved by this means their capacity for self-regulation and ultimately their academic performance. The students included in the experimental group obtained higher scores in the end-of-year self-regulation questionnaire (78.5) than those in the control group (66.47). There was a highly significant correlation (r=0.60; p<0.05) between the final grade and the class attendance rate. Although the auto-feedback treatment did not directly influence the final grades in the analysis of overall variance, it did have an indirect effect through the attendance variable; the students in the experimental group attended significantly more classes than those in the control group (82.2% vs. 68.6%; p<0.05). In fact, a comparison of the average final grades showed that the experimental group obtained significantly higher marks (6.97/10) than the control group (3.8/10).
Flipped classroom for teaching digestive system to high school students: Performance, perception and inquiry competence level
Authors: Reinoso Tapia Roberto , Collazos Martínez Miguel Ángel , Martínez Martínez María del Carmen , Delgado Iglesias Jaime
Published: February 2021

This article presents an educational experience with 30 high school students based on the flipped classroom methodology and inquiry-based learning on aspects related to the pathophysiology of the digestive system during the 2017/2018 academic year. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and acceptability of the flipped classroom approach at this educational level. This case study was also used to assess the level of inquiry competence that high school students present when they have to carry out a research project and the main difficulties encountered in carrying it out. The results of the study show that the experience was clearly positive, since there was not only a significant improvement in student learning but also greater autonomy for students to work with the content, prepare for classes and actively participate in the tasks or practical activities that take place in the classroom, demonstrating its applicability in high school classrooms. The results also indicate that the students perceived advantages in their learning after experiencing the flipped classroom pedagogical model. Most of the students presented serious difficulties in carrying out their research work, probably due to a lack of experience when facing each of the stages that make up the process of inquiry.
Global solutions of a two-dimensional Riemann problem for the pressure gradient system
Authors: Chen Gui-Qiang G. , Wang Qin , Zhu Shengguo
Published: February 2021

We are concerned with a two-dimensional Riemann problem for the pressure gradient system that is a hyperbolic system of conservation laws. The Riemann initial data consist of four constant states in four sectorial regions such that two shocks and two vortex sheets are generated between the adjacent states. The solutions keep the four constant states and four planar waves outside the outer sonic circle in the self-similar coordinates, while the two shocks keep planar until meeting the outer sonic circle at two different points and then generate a diffracted shock to connect these points, whose location is apriori unknown. Then the problem can be formulated as a free boundary problem, in which the diffracted transonic shock is the one-phase free boundary to connect the two points, while the other part of the sonic circle forms a fixed boundary. We establish the global existence of a solution and the optimal Lipschitz regularity of both the diffracted shock across the two points and the solution across the outer sonic boundary. Then this Riemann problem is solved globally, whose solution contains two vortex sheets and one global shock containing the two originally separated shocks generated by the Riemann data.
Initial value problem for fractional Volterra integro-differential equations with Caputo derivative
Authors: Nguyen Huy Tuan , Nguyen Huu Can , Wang Renhai , Zhou Yong
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we consider the time-fractional Volterra integro-differential equations with Caputo derivative. For globally Lispchitz source term, we investigate the global existence for a mild solution. The main tool is to apply the Banach fixed point theorem on some new weighted spaces combining some techniques on the Wright functions. For the locally Lipschitz case, we study the existence of local mild solutions to the problem and provide a blow-up alternative for mild solutions. We also establish the problem of continuous dependence with respect to initial data. Finally, we present some examples to illustrate the theoretical results.
Black Hole, Observed
Authors: SOHN Bong Won
Published: February 2021

The author explains black holes in the context of astronomy and astrophysics. The history of black hole research and black hole discovery are covered briefly. The author explains why supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei are the most promising candidates for imaging black holes. The principles of radio interferometers used as observation methods are covered. The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, its future plans, and the role of the Korean members are introduced.
How to Ensure an Ideal Omnichannel Client Experience With Key Performance Indicators
Authors: Larraufie Anne-Flore Maman , Arsov Gouriou Lucile , Goutran Cécilia
Published: February 2021

By 2025, electronic sales (e-sales) of luxury goods are expected to triple, reaching about €74 billion and standing for one-fifth of total luxury sales. This mix of online and offline client journeys increases the number of digital points and touchpoints. Thus, the journey of the omnichannel client is worth a deep focus. The omnichannel client experience (CX) requires key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess and understand disruption, enhance the experience, and present the “wow” factor. To get fresh insights on CX in luxury/digital retail, a qualitative study (with focus groups) on the omnichannel luxury client journey was conducted to identify specific pain points and KPIs. Results from an online survey quantitative study on poorly or uncovered omnichannel KPIs are disclosed. Ultimately, an overall list of relevant KPIs for CX in the luxury omnichannel retail industry is provided as a guideline for managers.
From Systematic to Mimetic Behavior in the International Market Selection
Authors: Correia Maria do Rosário , Meneses Raquel
Published: February 2021

Traditionally, the international market selection is a systematic process, based on predefined criteria. This process is, however, very time- and cost-consuming, and only a small number of firms have sufficient resources to do it. So, according to the Uppsala Model, firms tend to internationalize to the closest markets (psychic distance), managing uncertainty in a very gradual process based on experiential knowledge. The second-hand knowledge that flows in the firm's network could help firms select the market, helping them to expand gradually. Independently from the source (experiential or second hand), knowledge seems to be a mandatory resource to internationalize. However, a lot of firms imitate other firms' behavior, selecting the international market according to others' selections, believing that they must have superior information. In this situation, firms could imitate the leader (a successful firm) or the herd (a big number of firms). This international market selection is not based on knowledge; it is a mimetic process.
The Impact of ICTs and Business Strategy on Innovation Activities
Authors: Idota Hiroki , Taher Sheikh Abu , Tsuji Masatsugu
Published: February 2021

This research explores factors of innovation and clarifies the effects of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on innovation process. Analysis is based on a mail survey conducted in February 2012 to March 2012 on 3,959 Japanese SMEs. The number of valid responses was 647 (16.3%) and is used as a sample for the analysis. Based on the data, logit analysis is employed for product and process innovation to answer the following three research questions: (1) What are factors promoting innovation? (2) How ICTs affect innovation? and (3) Which affect SMEs with higher ICT use to realize innovation? As a result, (1) the factors such as R&D expenditures, leadership of top management, motivation of employees, ICT index, effects of ICTs are extracted. (2) Sharing information and shortening the R&D process are the effects which ICTs perform to innovation. (3) These effects are greater to SMEs with higher ICT index. The new finding of this chapter lies in results such that ICTs affect innovation through sharing information and shortening the R&D period.
The Role of Customer Engagement in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Santos Sara , Santo Pedro Espírito , Augusto Luísa
Published: February 2021

Costumer engagement is a multidimensional concept which develops over the time and is widely studied in the literature of marketing. Consumers attached to the brand tend to be more involved in behaviors that support the brand. On the other side, brand-self connection is an important element in consumer-brand relationship being part of brand attachment, where social media have a special role. Playfulness and informativeness of video have a significant impact on the value of social media ads, and the authors present the relationship between these two variables and customer engagement. The study will present an investigation with 235 Portuguese individuals during the months of confinement justified by the pandemic COVID-19. The results show that customer engagement depends on informativeness, playfulness, and brand-self connection. Throughout this empirical study, they show that social media brand engagement is explained by these variables. This chapter enhances knowledge on costumer engagement, brand-self connection, and video informativeness and playfulness, supporting new researches in this topic.
It's All About Creating Customer Value
Authors: Janssens Jurgen
Published: February 2021

In a digitally (em)powered age, customers expect a service and product experience in line with continuously evolving expectations. This induces great potential for organisations that shape engagement before, during, or after the main customer touch points. Powered by insights coming from the CRM driven 360° view, they entail even more value when enabling a company to quickly and continuously learn from its experiences. This chapter will illustrate that project managers need to master a dual dynamic to attain through activated customer engagement. On the one hand, new types of projects, changing expectations, and shifting habits offer humbling challenges. On the other hand, governance, change, and delivery continue to be the foundational baseline. By integrating theoretical insights and real-life cases, the author wants to stimulate project managers. Rather than seeing the digital era as a transformational tsunami for customer engagement, they should see it as an opportunity to go beyond things in a reality where rapidly changing demand entails growth, learning, and great value.
Artificial Intelligence in the Hospitality Sector
Authors: Choudhury Debdutta
Published: February 2021

Hospitality is one of the most important sectors of the economy and offers employment to thousands of people. The recent advances in technology has seen that quite a few of the players in this industry have successfully deployed artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotics. This chapter delves into the details of such deployment in the various processes in this sector and discusses the short-term, medium-term, and long-term impact of these technologies on all the major stakeholders of this industry. The author also looks at the cost benefit analysis of this technologies and concludes that most players sooner, rather than later would be forced by competition to strongly adopt them. The chapter also briefly discusses the changing roles of human employees in this scenario.
Metal-Organic Frameworks for Heavy Metal Removal From Water
Authors: Dutta Mintu Maan , Borpatra Paran Jyoti
Published: February 2021

Clean and safe drinking water is one of the most important and essential components on earth for human survival. However, due to the various anthropogenic activities, the surface and groundwater have been contaminated with heavy metals and radionuclides, and it has become a serious problem of concern globally. These non-biodegradable heavy metal ions from water tends to accumulate in the soil and living organisms and causes serious health hazards in humans. Thus, the finding of recyclable, water-stable MOFs, and multi-functional MOFs (hybrid MOFs) with superior adsorption capability have emerged as a novel material for the removal of heavy metal species (such as Cr(III)/Cr(VI), Cu(II), Hg(II), Cd(II), As(III)/As(V), Pb(II), radionuclides U(VI), Se(IV)/(VI), Cs(I) from aqueous solution. This chapter deals with the recent development of MOFs and their application in heavy metal removal from water.
Metal-Organic Frameworks for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Ghareeb Doaa Ahmed , Nasr Nessma Magdy
Published: February 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are based on metals and organic linkers; they possess large surface areas, suitable pore size and shape, wide range of chemical composition, and functionalized pore surface, which enable them for possible applications as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents. The challenges include not only the development of new solids but also continuous improvements in the formulation and processing of the materials, including modifying the morphology and shape of the frameworks to fit the proposed applications of drug delivery. This chapter discussed enormous MOF-based stimuli responsive drug delivery systems, and considerable achievements have been made as a new avenue for drug delivery, their structural aspects, their applications in the controlled release of the drugs, and future view for development of drug controlled release researches using MOFs. Among the properties that must be developed and approved are the materials' toxicology, stability, their reproducibility of manufacture of MOFs in body's liquid, and pharmacokinetics of drug-loaded MOFs.
Enriching the Lives of High School Teenagers With Science Cafés
Authors: Hall Michelle K. , Mayhew Michael A. , Sickler Jessica
Published: February 2021

This chapter provides a roadmap for any who are inspired to start a teen science café program as a member of the teen science café network. These out-of-school programs are a free, fun way for teens to explore the advances in science and technology affecting their lives. Teens and scientists engage in lively conversations and activities to explore a topic deeply. Teens get increased understanding of the nature of science and develop a realistic perception of scientists, science careers, and the lives they lead. Scientists gain skills in communicating science to the public and inspire youth to STEM careers. Adult leaders serve as guides for the teen leaders and are the linchpin of the program. Evaluation shows programs positively influenced teens understanding of science issues in the news, the ability to use facts to support scientific points of view and considering multiple sides of an issue before making a decision.