bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Urgency of Land Banks in State Control of Land in Indonesia: Constitutional Study and Management Mechanisms
Authors: Mile Moh Fachry H
Published: December 2024

The establishment of the Land Bank in Indonesia is a response to the complex issues surrounding land, including limited land availability, conflicting interests, and challenges in land law implementation. The Land Bank is established with the aim of improving land governance, supporting agrarian reform, and promoting the welfare of the people. However, there are several important issues related to the establishment of the Land Bank, including the lack of clarity regarding its philosophy, legal basis, and principles, as well as the urgency of its establishment. Additionally, the legal status and accountability of the Land Bank are not fully defined. In its implementation, the Land Bank utilizes resources from the state or regional budgets, as well as its own revenue and other legitimate sources. Operational activities of the Land Bank are planned on a medium-term and annual basis, and land utilization can be carried out through self-management or collaboration with other parties. The Land Bank also adheres to the nonprofit principle, where the revenue obtained is used for organizational development without distributing profits to the Land Bank's body. The establishment of the Land Bank in Indonesia has the potential to support economic development, but it also raises concerns regarding economic inequality and land injustice, particularly for economically disadvantaged groups. Therefore, proper monitoring and regulations are necessary to ensure that the Land Bank operates in line with its intended goals.
Copyright Dispute Resolution in the Technology Industry: Case Study of PT Application Karya Anak Bangsa and Nadiem Makarim
Authors: Stella Helen
Published: December 2024

Copyright violations in the digital technology industry in Indonesia have a significant impact on the development of innovation and company growth. Law no. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright functions as a legal framework to protect copyrighted works in the technology sector, but copyright lawsuits often pose challenges for companies, especially startups, in innovating. Excessive or misused lawsuits can create barriers to competition and slow the pace of technological innovation. On the other hand, copyright protection remains important to maintain justice for technology creators. Dispute resolution through litigation and non-litigation channels, including mediation and arbitration, provides alternatives for the parties involved. The litigation route, although offering legal certainty, is often considered slow and expensive. In contrast, non-litigation settlement is more flexible, fast and economical. Both of these mechanisms are regulated by applicable law in Indonesia and allow parties to choose the resolution that best suits their needs. It is important for technology companies to consider effective dispute resolution strategies so that innovation can continue to develop without excessive obstacles.
Análise das Movimentações Admissionais e Demissionais do Estado do Espírito Santo: Antes, Durante e Após a Pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Prasser Aline Bravin , Marques Ronaldo Aparecida , Nascimento Adelson Pereira do , Komati Karin Satie
Published: December 2024

Desde o final de 2019, o mundo enfrentou um estado de emergência internacional devido à pandemia da Covid-19, encerrado em maio de 2023, conforme a OMS. Relatos apontaram que 96% das demissões no setor de comércio e serviços entre 2019 e 2020 foram de mulheres, e cerca de 70% dos desempregados no início de 2020 eram negros. Este trabalho analisa se essas estatísticas sobre mulheres e negros se refletem no Espírito Santo. Usando microdados do CAGED e PNADC, foram criados painéis analíticos no Power BI. Os resultados mostram que, apesar dos índices de desemprego no Espírito Santo seguirem o padrão nacional, o estado não registrou impactos severos por sexo ou raça.
Visão Computacional na Prática: Um Sistema de Detecção de Lixo para Cidades Inteligentes no Estado do Pará
Authors: Silva Romário da C. , Souza Thalita Ayass de , Cardoso Evelin Helena Silva , Araújo Jasmine Priscyla Leite de , Francês Carlos Renato L.
Published: December 2024

O descarte inadequado de resíduos sólidos é um problema global crescente, impactando a saúde pública, o meio ambiente e a qualidade de vida urbana. No Brasil, e especialmente no Estado do Pará, esse problema é agravado por desafios estruturais e logísticos. Este artigo apresenta um sistema automatizado de detecção de lixo baseado em Visão Computacional, utilizando o algoritmo YOLOv8, com o objetivo de otimizar os serviços de limpeza pública e promover ambientes urbanos mais limpos e sustentáveis. O sistema alcançou uma mAP de 0.9467, precisão de 0.9408 e recall de 0.8779. No entanto, a diversidade dos resíduos pode afetar a precisão do modelo. A ampliação do dataset e a integração com tecnologias de Internet das Coisas (IoT) são propostas para aprimorar a robustez e a generalização do sistema.
Ensino da História da Cabanagem através do jogo "O Cabano"
Authors: Carvalho Junior Pedro Inácio de , Araújo Fabíola
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um jogo digital, chamado "O Cabano", o qual tem o objetivo de auxiliar na aprendizagem sobre a Cabanagem. Os testes iniciais foram baseados na ferramenta PETESE e os resultados mostraram 100% que o design é agradável, 66,6% que os termos utilizados no jogo estão corretos e foram adaptados ao público-alvo, porém existem ajustes a serem realizados na parte referente à ajuda, por exemplo.
Prozedurale Ungerechtigkeit: Gefangenenrechtsschutz und Rechtswirklichkeit
Authors: Graebsch Christine
Published: December 2024

Der Beitrag zeigt Defizite des Gefangenenrechtsschutzes im Verfahren nach §§ 109ff. StVollzG. Diese sind teilweise in diesem Verfahren selbst angelegt. Richtet man den Blick auf die Rechtswirklichkeit, also auf das law in action anstelle nur des law in the books, so ergeben sich weitere schwerwiegende Rechtsschutzprobleme. Dabei geht es bereits um den Zugang zum Gericht und den zu einer zeitgerechten Entscheidung. Während in der (internationalen) Gefängnisforschung prozeduraler Gerechtigkeit (teilweise auch als Verfahrensgerechtigkeit bezeichnet) im Umgang mit Gefangenen ein hoher Stellenwert beigemessen wird, erweist sich das Verfahren nach §§ 109 ff. StVollzG letztlich selbst als prozedurale Un-Gerechtigkeit und zwar in einem doppelten Sinne: Zum einen gelingt dort keine faire, rechtsstaatlich ausgerichtete Konfliktbearbeitung, zum anderen wird zumeist das materielle Rechtsschutzziel nicht erreicht. Indem die erfahrene Ungerechtigkeit durch das Verfahren selbst und dessen Anwendung in der Praxis erzeugt wird, handelt es sich zum anderen um prozedural, nämlich durch (die Rechtswirklichkeit von) Verfahren, erzeugte Ungerechtigkeit.
Verteidigung und Risikomanagement im Massnahmenvollzug
Authors: Bernard Stephan
Published: December 2024

Der Beitrag diskutiert die Spezifika der Verteidigung im Massnahmenvollzug, namentlich bei Massnahmen nach Art. 59 des schweizerischen Strafgesetzbuches (StGB). Es lässt sich im Verteidigungsalltag generell eine Tendenz weg vom Insistieren auf dem Recht hin zum Risikomanagement festmachen. Im Massnahmenvollzug akzentuiert sich dies. Dies macht Verteidigung sowohl im Innenverhältnis mit der eigenen Klientin wie bei deren Vertretung gegen aussen anspruchsvoll und zu einer juristischen Pionierin.
Die stille Gefahr: Zivile Entrechtung im skandinavischen Justizvollzug
Authors: Storgaard Asbjørn
Published: December 2024

Dieser Beitrag stützt sich auf die „demokratische These“ der aktuellen Forschung zum Zugang zum Recht. Sie besagt, dass echte Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft und ihren Institutionen essenziell für einen wahren Zugang zum Recht ist. Der Beitrag beleuchtet Hindernisse für gesellschaftliche Teilhabe, die über rein rechtliche und praktische Barrieren hinausgehen. Anhand des Beispiels der Bewährungshilfe wird gezeigt, wie gesellschaftliche Stigmatisierung und soziale Konstruktionen es ehemaligen Strafgefangenen erschweren, aktiv für ihre Rechte einzutreten. Der Beitrag entwickelt einen theoretischen Rahmen zur Analyse informeller Entmündigung und liefert empirische Einblicke in die Auswirkungen der Bewährungshilfepraxis auf die demokratische Teilhabe der Klient:innen. Die Ergebnisse, die sich hauptsächlich auf den dänischen Kontext beziehen, haben weiterreichende Implikationen für das Verständnis und den Umgang mit Ungleichheiten beim Zugang zum Recht in verschiedenen Kontexten.
Friedens-, Konflikt- und Sicherheitsforschung in Kriegszeiten – die Perspektive der Osteuropaforschung
Authors: Gawrich Andrea , Worschech Susann
Published: December 2024

Wie können Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Sicherheitsstudien und sozialwissenschaftliche Osteuropaforschung besser miteinander verknüpft werden, um den Anforderungen und der Komplexität der derzeitigen weltweiten (Un-)Sicherheitsphänomene gerecht zu werden? Wie kann eine nicht nur empirisch-gegenstandsorientierte, sondern auch konzeptuelle Verbindung dieser Forschungsbereiche gelingen, welche Theorien und Themen sind anschlussfähig? Vor dem Hintergrund des russischen Angriffskrieges gegen die Ukraine diagnostizieren wir in diesem Beitrag eine ‚Sprachlosigkeit‘ zwischen den genannten Disziplinen, der wir – so unser Vorschlag – eine disziplinäre analytische Triade entgegensetzen möchten. Wir zeigen, wie sich diese ‚Sprachlosigkeit‘ im Kontext publizierter sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung darstellt, diskutieren paradigmatische Überschneidungen und Differenzen und zeigen schließlich, in welchen Bereichen eine systematisch integrierte Perspektive von Konflikt-, Sicherheits- und Osteuropaforschung nicht nur empirisch relevant und notwendig, sondern auch mit Blick auf sozialwissenschaftliche Theorieentwicklung wegweisend ist.
Riskante Wetten, evidente Bringschulden und fehlende Anreize: Die wissenschaftskommunikativen Herausforderungen der Zeitenwende
Authors: Sauer Frank
Published: December 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag blickt zunächst auf vergangene deutsche Debatten zum Verhältnis zwischen Theorie und Praxis der Internationalen Beziehungen (IB) zurück. In einem Dreischritt beleuchtet er dann kritisch das Selbstverständnis der Wissenschaft im Rahmen von Medienarbeit, die Bringschuld der Wissenschaft gegenüber der Gesellschaft sowie die universitären Anreizstrukturen, die den steigenden Bedarf seriöser Wissenschaftskommunikation eigentlich decken helfen sollten. Der Text schließt mit der Erkenntnis, dass die universitären IB in Deutschland in Sachen „Praxisrelevanz“ unverändert schlecht aufgestellt sind.
Im Spannungsfeld zwischen Politik, Medien und Wissenschaft: die politiknahe Forschung und Beratung in Kriegs- und Krisenzeiten
Authors: Fischer Sabine , Major Claudia
Published: December 2024

Dieser Beitrag setzt sich mit der Argumentation des Vollartikels auseinander, dass Wissenschaft erklären und einordnen, aber keine Schlussfolgerungen oder Positionen beziehen sollte; und dass Wissenschaftler*innen im medialen Diskurs mehr Wert auf die wissenschaftliche Begründung ihrer Beiträge legen sollten. Ausgangspunkt ist die starke mediale Nachfrage nach wissenschaftlicher Einordnung seit der russischen Vollinvasion in der Ukraine im Februar 2022. Aus der spezifischen Sicht von zwei Wissenschaftlerinnen eines politiknahen Think Tankanalysiert der Beitrag zunächst die Bringschuld der Wissenschaft gegenüber Politik und Gesellschaft und die unterschiedlichen Rollen und Erfahrungshorizonte der universitären und der politiknahen Forschung dabei. Es werden die Herausforderungen und Spannungsfelder beschrieben, vor denen insbesondere Think Tanks stehen. Darauf aufbauend wird erläutert, wie sich die politikberatende Arbeit von Wissenschaftler*innen seit Februar 2022 entwickelt hat. Abschließend diskutieren wir, wie mit diesen Veränderungen umgegangen werden kann.
Wer hat uns verraten?
Authors: Daase Christopher , Deitelhoff Nicole , Geis Anna
Published: December 2024

Das Verhältnis von Friedensforschung und Sicherheitsforschung hat sich gewandelt. Dabei ist die begriffliche Trennung unscharf. Friedensforschung kann in kritische Friedensforschung und Friedens- und Konfliktforschung unterteilt werden, während Sicherheitsforschung wiederum in sicherheitspolitische Forschung und Strategische Studien zerfällt. Kern unserer Argumentation ist, dass sich Friedens- und Konfliktforschung und sicherheitspolitische Forschung in den letzten vierzig Jahren weitgehend verschränkt haben. Im Zuge des russischen Kriegs gegen die Ukraine wird von einigen Vertreter*innen der kritischen Friedensforschung einerseits und der Strategischen Studien andererseits versucht, die konzeptionelle Trennung von Frieden und Sicherheit neu zu akzentuieren und den ideologischen Unterschied zwischen Friedens- und Sicherheitsforschung zu betonen. Im Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass dadurch wichtige konzeptionelle Entwicklungen geleugnet, akademische Professionalisierung rückgängig gemacht und zentrale Forschungsergebnisse vernachlässigt würden. Das bedeutet nicht, dass Frieden und Sicherheit identisch sind und es nicht unterschiedliche Fragestellungen gäbe, die einerseits nach den langfristigeren Perspektiven einer friedlicheren Welt und andererseits nach den kurzfristigeren Zielen einer sichereren Umwelt fragen würden.
Der Förderzweck – oder: Warum ist eine Genossenschaft eine Genossenschaft?
Authors: Picker Christian
Published: December 2024

Die eingetragene Genossenschaft (eG) ist rechtsformspezifisch verpflichtet, ihre Mitglieder nutzerbezogen als Kunden zu fördern. Entsprechend ist die eG organisationsrechtlich so auszugestalten, dass sie diesen ihren charakteristischen und konstitutiven Förderzweck optimal verwirklichen kann. Damit decken sich Rechtsform eG und deutscher Rechtstyp „Genossenschaft“ im Förderzweck als identitätsstiftendem und -prägendem Rechtsprinzip.
Genossenschaften und Gemeinwohl
Authors: Geibel Stefan J. , Neuhoff Paul , Stern Alexander P.
Published: December 2024

Genossenschaften scheinen keine Gemeinwohlinteressen verfolgen zu können, weil sie rechtsformspezifisch dem Zweck der Förderung ihrer Mitglieder verschrieben sind. Doch scheinen die genossenschaftlichen Prinzipien sogar in besonderer Weise prädestiniert, Gemeinwohlinteressen zum Erfolg zu verhelfen. In Anlehnung an das Aktienrecht stellt sich die Frage, ob der Vorstand einer Genossenschaft verpflichtet sein könnte, Gemeinwohlbelange zu berücksichtigen oder zu priorisieren. Ferner sind die Optionen auszuloten, inwieweit eine Genossenschaft, insbesondere ihre Satzung, auch gemeinwohldienlich ausgestaltet werden darf.
Ältere Freiwillige in Non-Profit-Organisationen: Implikationen für das Freiwilligenmanagement am Beispiel des Oberösterreichischen Roten Kreuzes
Authors: Kaum Lisa Hildegard
Published: December 2024

Der demografische Wandel verlangt von zahlreichen Non-Profit-Organisationen eine Neuausrichtung im Freiwilligenmanagement. Zunehmend werden ältere Freiwillige als bedeutende Gruppe verstanden, welche es zu erreichen und zu binden gilt. Aufgrund des Mangels an empirischen Befunden zu den Spezifika dieser Gruppe, untersucht der Beitrag daher auf Basis qualitativer Leitfadeninterviews im Oberösterreichischen Roten Kreuz Erwartungen sowie Herausforderungen aus individueller und organisationaler Perspektive. Zu den zentralen Anforderungen an das Freiwilligenmanagement gehören demnach die Schaffung regelmäßiger und gleichzeitig flexibler Engagements sowie Geduld und Empathie in der Begleitung.
The Australian Endangered Pygmy Bluetongue Lizard and Livestock Grazing
Authors: Gardner Michael G.
Published: December 2024

Endangered pygmy bluetongue lizards are now only found on livestock grazed properties in the Mid-North of South Australia, in a highly fragmented habitat of remaining native grasslands. This relationship has persisted since European colonisation of Australia. The lizards rely on abandoned trapdoor and wolf spider burrows for their homesites, and tilling of the soil is directly detrimental to both lizards and spiders. Overgrazing is also damaging to lizard survival and to burrow stability. Hence, pygmy bluetongue lizards are now reliant on farming practices that are consistent with the needs and survival of both the lizards and spiders. Fortunately, techniques such as rotational/planned grazing not only makes these lands more agriculturally productive they are also likely to be beneficial for this endangered species—although further research is required to ensure compatibility. Grazing management workshops have helped to spread the word about these new techniques and to the lizard’s plight. Public support, especially those of graziers with this endangered species on their land, is vital for the continued survival of the species. Working in tandem, farm practices and endangered species management can be of benefit for property owners and endangered species alike.
Synthesis of Ultra-High Temperature Pyrochlore Ceramics for Extreme Conditions
Authors: Piticescu Radu-Robert , Florentina Ciobota Cristina , Botan Mihail , Gyorgy Okos Alexandru
Published: December 2024

Thermal protection systems (TPS) for aerospace industry require the use of coatings made from ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), a class of materials based on oxides, nitrides, carbides and borides of transitional metals. Yttria-doped zirconia is the actual “gold standard” for aerospace coatings but the high temperature phase transitions limit its use in developing a new generation of TPS. Rare earth zirconia pyrochlores Ln2Zr2O7 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb) emerged as future candidates for high temperature coatings due to their high thermal stability on a large temperature range. Here, we review the crystalline structures’ electronic and thermal properties of these materials, the main methods proposed for their synthesis, their advantages and disadvantages. The use of mixed rare earths as dopant for zirconia ceramics is presented further. Finally, the potential applications as thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are presented.
Low-Temperature Performance and Manufacture of Metals
Authors: Cheng Wangjun
Published: December 2024

In this chapter, the background and significance of low-temperature manufacture and performance of metals were presented. The applications of low-temperature technology in typical fields, such as electronics, healthcare, aerospace, food engineering, new energy, and cryogenic manufacturing, were presented. Principles of cryogenic cutting, cryogenic casting, cryogenic treatment, and cryogenic forming in a low temperature were highlighted. Likewise, mechanical properties and hardening behaviors of metals, such as aluminum alloys and stainless steels at cryogenic temperatures, were discussed. Macroscopic and microscopic mechanisms of the above deformed metals at ultra-low temperatures were also revealed. Finally, cryogenic forming methods and properties were discussed. Cryogenic forming products and potential applications were demonstrated.
Sustainable Management and Reuse of Sludge from Membrane Bioreactor Systems: Opportunities for Agricultural Application
Authors: Ćurić Iva , Brandić Ivan , Brezinščak Luka , Dolar Davor
Published: December 2024

This chapter deals with the treatment and management of sludge resulting from wastewater treatment using membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. With the increase in world population and industrial activities, the demand for effective wastewater treatment has increased, generating significant amounts of sludge. Although MBR technology is more efficient in terms of effluent quality, it produces sludge with different rheological and morphological characteristics than conventional activated sludge. This chapter discusses various methods for treating MBR sludge, including stabilization, dewatering, and thermal treatment, which are essential for improving sludge quality and reducing disposal costs. It also examines the potential for the reuse of MBR sludge in agriculture, highlighting methods such as composting and pelletization as sustainable approaches. These methods not only mitigate environmental impacts but also contribute to a circular economy by converting waste into valuable resources. The chapter concludes by highlighting the importance of proper sludge treatment and management to ensure compliance with environmental regulations and to fully utilize the potential of MBR sludge as a resource.
Tourism and Rural Development
Authors: Ollah Sadeghi Hojat , Seidaiy Skandar
Published: December 2024

Tourism development and the arrival of tourists have created new social and economic functions and opportunities for the residents of the villages. On the other hand, the development of residential constructions and changes in the type of traditional rural houses and their materials have created new jobs in rural areas. Although tourism has positive and favorable effects for rural areas in the recent decades, different negative effects have been imposed on the rural environment, especially in the environmental sector. Rural tourism as a subset of tourism can have effects in different dimensions not only for a country but also for rural communities. In order to this type of tourism to be in the proper process for the sustainable development of rural areas, the principles of sustainable development based on economic, social, and environmental dimensions and based on a systemic approach should be emphasized in all its stages and processes. In this chapter of the book, the relationship between tourism and rural development is emphasized through the approaches of entrepreneurship, participation, marketing, business, environment, and technology. Tourism has caused the mentioned economic and social approaches to be improved in the villages and various developments have taken place in this field.
Evaluation of Heath Care Commitment with Prevention and Infectious Control Protocols in Mofid Children Hospital, Iran
Authors: Razmara Raheleh , Armin Shahnaz , Mirzayi Sepideh , Azimi Leila , Karimi Abdollah
Published: December 2024

Background: The dedication of healthcare teams to adhering to protocols for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), maintaining vaccination coverage among healthcare workers (HCWs), and ensuring environmental health are crucial elements in managing hospital-acquired infections. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate adherence to PPE use, vaccination history, hand hygiene protocols, and environmental health practices in a tertiary children's hospital in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated compliance with PPE use, vaccination history among doctors, nurses, and hospital staff, adherence to strict hygiene practices, patient isolation protocols, and environmental health measures based on an Iranian Health Ministry query. Data collection was conducted over three months, from May to August 2023. Results: During the study, 285 staff members were assessed for compliance with hand hygiene protocols. Nurses demonstrated the highest level of compliance, reaching 51%. The highest compliance with hand hygiene protocols at the five designated moments was approximately 79%, with the transplantation and hemodialysis wards achieving the highest rates. Nurses also showed the most positive vaccination records. Personal protective equipment was used correctly in various wards, with an overall compliance rate of 79%. Conclusions: This study revealed that compliance with health protocols in different parts of the hospital was suboptimal and required significant improvement.
Effectiveness of Self-care Support Program on the Quality of Life and Resilience of Family Caregivers of Stroke Patient; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nooreddini Ahmad , Sadeghian Efat , Borzou Seyed Reza , Ghiasian Masoud , Soltanian Ali Reza
Published: December 2024

Background: Family caregivers of stroke patients often experience a decline in quality of life (QOL) and resilience due to the challenges posed by the patient's disability, inadequate support systems, and difficulty adapting to the new circumstances. Objectives: This study investigated the impact of a self-care support program (SSP) for stroke patients and their family caregivers on improving their QOL and resilience. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Beesat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, in 2022, involving stroke patients and their family caregivers. A total of 80 patients and 80 family caregivers were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received the SSP, which included four weeks of continuous face-to-face and telephone follow-up. The control group followed the routine care program provided by the neurology ward. The patients' quality of life was assessed using the stroke specific quality of life (SS-QOL) tool, while family caregivers' QOL and resilience were evaluated using the Short Form-12 and Sixbey 2005 tools, respectively, both before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and Fisher's exact test. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Among patients, the difference in the control group's total QOL score before and after the intervention was not statistically significant (P = 0.065), with scores of 83.77 ± 3.39 and 86.70 ± 8.25, respectively. Conversely, in the intervention group, the total QOL score significantly improved from 83.95 ± 1.43 to 119.72 ± 4.54 (P < 0.0001). For family caregivers, the total QOL score in the control group showed no significant improvement, increasing from 17.30 ± 1.60 to 18.17 ± 2.45 (P = 0.096). However, the intervention group experienced a significant increase in QOL scores, from 17.70 ± 1.11 to 25.37 ± 2.31 (P < 0.0001). Additionally, the resilience score in the control group slightly decreased from 129.15 ± 3.40 to 124.25 ± 5.31 (P = 0.12). In contrast, the resilience score in the intervention group increased significantly, from 130.25 ± 2.81 to 194.20 ± 2.15 (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the SSP in improving the QOL of stroke patients and their family caregivers while significantly enhancing the resilience of family caregivers. It is recommended that medical and treatment teams prioritize involving family caregivers in care plans for debilitating diseases such as stroke and consider integrating SSPs into standard care protocols.
Investigating HOTAIR Polymorphisms as a Potential Diagnostic Marker for Type 2 Diabetes in an Iraqi Population
Authors: Hadi Talib Zainab , Jalali Amir , Haydar Abbass
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance, affecting approximately 530 million adults globally, with a prevalence of 10.5% among individuals aged 20 to 79. In Iraq, the prevalence is significantly higher at 13.9%. Objectives: This study examines the relationship between long noncoding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) polymorphisms and T2DM risk, investigating HOTAIR's potential as a diagnostic marker. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 28 T2DM patients and 20 healthy controls, with physiological parameters measured. HOTAIR plasma levels were assessed using quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs12826786 and rs1899663 were analyzed through amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR. Results: HOX transcript antisense RNA expression was found to be 6.6 times higher in T2DM patients compared to controls, suggesting its involvement in T2DM pathophysiology. Genotype distributions adhered to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with the rs12826786 C allele appearing protective against T2DM, while rs1899663 showed no significant association. Statistical analysis identified a significant relationship between the rs12826786 genotype and body mass index (BMI), though other diabetes-related metrics did not show significant results. Conclusions: The findings suggest that elevated HOTAIR expression may play a role in T2DM, highlighting the need for further investigation into these associations and their potential implications for diagnosis and risk assessment.
Global Warming – Our Greatest Challenge
Authors:   Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Lemke Peter
Published: December 2024

The current state of Earth’s climate is the result of a long-lasting,

continuous development: it is a snapshot from a film of the Earth’s history that has

lasted around 4.5 billion years and is still running. Climate fluctuations are

documented by geological findings (marine sediment cores: several million years; ice

cores: 800,000 years), by tree rings (10,000 years), historical records (1000 years) and

by modern instruments (e.g. thermometers and barometers, 250 years). These data

reveal pronounced changes as a characteristic feature of Earth’s climate, which extend

over time scales ranging from months to millions of years. In recent decades, climate

scientists have analysed many of these data sets and developed dynamic models that

have been successfully tested against modern observations and are used to project the

future of our climate. Data analysis and climate modelling show that a pronounced

impact of human activities on current climate change is apparent.
A latent variable approach for mitigation of environmental and operational variability in vibrationbased SHM – A linear approach
Authors:   Universitat Ramon Llull, Font-Moré Josep ,   University of Edinburgh, Garcia Cava David ,   Universitat Ramon Llull, Perez Marco Antonio ,   University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Avendano-Valencia Luis David
Published: December 2024

One of the major challenges in the development of vibration-based

structural health monitoring is the influence of environmental and operational

parameters (EOPs) on damage-sensitive features (DSFs). With multiple methods

already available in the literature, a challenge remains on the development of robust compensation methods when EOPs are partially measurable and noisy. Considering this limitation, this study proposes a novel environmental and operational variability (EOV) mitigation procedure based on the estimation of latent factors from available EOPs and DSFs to extract a comprehensive baseline model of DSFs. The obtained latent factors contain information on measured and un-measured sources of variation that can be used to infer noise-free estimates of the observed DSFs. In turn, the difference between measured and predicted DSFs is used as a robust damage indicator. In this work, the proposed methodology is applied in the form of an encoder-decoder architecture implemented via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on Power Spectral Density (PSD) spectra extracted from vibration responses of a small-scale wind turbine blade. Two variations of the proposed method are considered, the first one considering only DSFs, and the second adding the ambient temperature as the single EOP. Our analysis demonstrates that the extracted latent factors are in both cases correlated with the temperature, and that the perfect damage

detection performance can be achieved upon careful selection of the number of latent factors.
Damage Identification Using Meta-Lens and Dual-Enhanced Backscattered Waves: Numerical and Experimental Design
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, SHI Jiahui ,   Politecnico di Milano, Cazzulani Gabriele ,   Politecnico di Milano, Sbarufatti Claudio
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces a Meta-lens designed for the detection of minute damage in Structural Health Monitoring

(SHM) by amplifying backscattered waves originating from anomalous areas. Our approach starts with the

development of an easily installed Meta-lens, optimizing wave focusing on an aluminium plate through strategic

planning of the A0 wave trajectory, resembling a hyperbolic secant. Subsequently, we detail the configuration of

the actuator, lens, and sensor in both healthy and damaged scenarios, the latter involving a through-hole defect in

the plate. A comparative analysis of signals, accounting for damage size and location variations, is conducted

against a baseline. The results demonstrate that the Meta-lens induces a unique wave behaviour, resulting in double

intensification of backscattered signals, significantly increasing sensitivity to damage features compared to

systems without the lens. The focusing effect of the Meta-lens is further validated experimentally, which shows

good agreement with the simulation results. The findings underscore the significant potential of employing the

Meta-lens for damage detection, thereby eliminating the reliance on intricate sensor networks and complex signal

post-processing.
A Postmodernist Analysis Of Hyper-Textuality In Alice Oswald's Poem "Dunt : A Poem for a Dried Up River"
Authors: Prof. Dr. Ansam Riyadh Abdulla Almaaroof  , Assist. Inst. Mohammed Munir Abdul.Al-Jabbar
Published: December 2024

This study explores the concept of hyper-textuality within Alice Oswald's "Dunt: A Poem for a Dried Up River," situating the poem within a postmodernist framework. The central problem of this analysis lies in understanding how Oswald's work embodies and challenges the notions of textuality, fragmentation, and intertextuality typical of postmodern literature. The aim is to uncover the ways in which hyper-textuality enhances the thematic concerns of environmental degradation and the impermanence of nature in "Dunt." The hypothesis posits that Oswald employs hyper-textuality not merely as a stylistic device but as a means to evoke a multifaceted dialogue between the poem and its surrounding cultural, ecological, and literary contexts. Guided by postmodern literary theory, the methodology encompasses a close reading of the text alongside comparative analyses with other works that explore similar themes of nature and loss. This approach is complemented by examining critical texts on hyper-textuality and postmodernism. Preliminary results indicate that Oswald's use of fragmented images, disjointed narratives, and allusions to various texts create a rich tapestry of meanings that invite readers to engage actively with the text, thus reinforcing the poem's central motifs of absence and ecological crisis. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of how contemporary poetry utilizes hyper-textuality as a vehicle for critical engagement with pressing environmental issues, suggesting that Oswald’s work is not only a lament for a dried-up river but also an intricate commentary on the interconnectedness of text, nature, and human experience in the postmodern landscape.
Las voces matemáticas en el «Diccionario de autoridades»
Authors: Lorca Martínez Raúl
Published: December 2024

Los avances de la ciencia y de la tecnología constituyen los principales factores que promueven el enriquecimiento del patrimonio léxico de las lenguas. Se han desarrollado diversas investigaciones lingüísticas destinadas a la caracterización de las lenguas de especialidad de distintas áreas de conocimiento en el español. El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer la terminología matemática existente en la lengua española en las primeras décadas del setecientos, es decir, en el período histórico en que se produjo la fundación de la Real Academia Española. Bajo esta premisa, analizamos el material lexicográfico del Diccionario de autoridades (1726-1739) para la elaboración de un corpus con las voces matemáticas presentes en él. Atendiendo al concepto de matemáticas en el siglo XVIII, se realiza el cómputo global de dichas voces y se concreta el número de términos adscritos a cada una de las ramas en que las matemáticas dieciochescas se organizaban, a saber: aritmética y álgebra, geometría, astronomía, física, óptica y química. Nuestra investigación posibilita una aproximación al estado de las matemáticas en los inicios de la Ilustración. El diccionario con que la Academia Española inició sus actividades y que supuso la renovación de la lexicografía española marcó en buena medida el rumbo de las publicaciones lexicográficas venideras. Además de ser una fuente de información semántica y ortográfica, su material lexicográfico auxilia en los estudios diacrónicos de los lenguajes de especialidad.
Ficción lexicográfica sobre el uso de las adaptaciones del término «football» en español
Authors: Nomdedeu-Rull Antoni
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es describir, tanto desde el punto de vista morfológico como semántico, el uso de las diferentes adaptaciones de football en español registradas en diferentes tipos de textos y analizar su representación en los diccionarios. Para ello, se parte de los resultados expuestos en estudios previos centrados en el análisis de las fuentes bibliográficas del fútbol, así como de la revisión bibliográfica de fuentes primarias y la búsqueda hemerográfica de datos relativos al objeto de estudio. El análisis de los datos en los textos demuestra que se registran 13 adaptaciones de football (fobál, fóbal, fotbal, fotball, fotbol, fubol, fuból, fuboll, fudbol, fulbo, futbol o fútbol y futboll), de las cuales futbol y fútbol son las más usadas: futbol se documenta desde 1902 y fútbol desde 1915. Ambas voces, con el tiempo, desarrollaron 4 acepciones, 15 subacepciones y 5 formas complejas sobradamente ratificadas por el uso. Sin embargo, su representación en los diccionarios del español no se corresponde con la realidad de su uso. Por un lado, ambos términos no se incorporan a un diccionario en español hasta 1927, ofrecen una acepción y, en los mejores casos, contemplan alguna forma compleja, pero solo desde 1966. Por otro lado, las definiciones proporcionadas no se ajustan a la realidad de lo que los términos significan ni, desde el punto de vista de la técnica lexicográfica empleada, suelen respetar los principios básicos de la definición lexicográficas, como el género próximo y la diferencia específica.
Pengaruh Strategi Joyfull Learning terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran PAI di SMP N 1 Sungai Pua Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Nurjannah Nurjannah , Arsya Fajriyani
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of the joyful learning strategy on the personal learning interest of class VII students in PAI learning. This research uses a quasi-experimental research method by taking two classes which are used as an experimental class and a control class. This research is a quantitative experimental research, by giving a pre-test and post-test to 52 students in both classes. The sampling technique used for data collection was a learning interest questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses normality, homogeneity tests, then continues with hypothesis testing. The results of the analysis and discussion of the research data obtained a sig. (2-tailed) value for the overall joyfull learning strategy and interest in learning, which shows that there is a significant relationship between the joyfull learning strategy and students' interest in learning in Islamic Religious Education subjects at SMP N 1 Sungai. Pua Agam Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year. The results of the research show that the results of the hypothesis testing that was carried out in the experimental class and control class obtained a sig value. (2-tailed) = 0.010 < α = 0.05, which means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Based on the results of these calculations, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the joyful learning strategy on students' interest in learning in class VII PAI subjects at SMP N 1 Sungai Pua, Agam Regency.
Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Kadınların Beden İmgelerinin Yaşam Niteliğine Etkisi ile Algıladıkları Sosyal Destek Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Alakaş Birgül , Elmas Semra
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma, hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan kadınların beden imgelerinin yaşam niteliğine etkisi ile algıladıkları sosyal destek arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, tanımlayıcı tipte kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Mart - Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında, Bingöl İl Sağlık Müdürlüğüne bağlı tüm hemodiyaliz ünitelerinde, diyaliz tedavisi alan 85 kadın hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, ‘‘Hasta Tanıtım Formu”, ‘‘Beden İmgesinin Yaşam Niteliğine Etkisi Ölçeği” ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği” kullanılarak bireyler ile yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Verilerin istatistik analizi için SPSS 22,0 programı kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık için Tip-1 hata 0,05 (0,95 güç) olarak kullanılmıştır p<0,05.
Kadınların yaş ortalaması 58,67±14,69 dur. Beden imgesinin yaşam niteliğine etkisi ölçeğinin toplam puan ortalaması 13,07±19,41 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmaya alınan kadınların eğitim durumu, gelir düzeyi, çocuk sayısı, ek kronik hastalık varlığı, diyete uyum, genel görünüm memnuniyeti ve egzersiz yapma düzeyleri arttıkça Beden imgesinin yaşam niteliğine etkisi ölçeği puan ortalamalarının arttığı saptanmıştır. Çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin toplam puan ortalaması 54,44±12,53 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Algılanan sosyal destek; çocuk varlığı, egzersiz yapma ve genel görünümden memnuniyet düzeyleri artıkça arttığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak beden imgesi yaşam niteliği artıkça algılanan sosyal destekte artmaktadır.
3D-seismic interpretation in the Northern part of Pattni Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Authors:   , Nampratchayakul Piyanuch
Published: December 2024

Oil and gas explorations in Thailand are concentrated in the Tertiary basins. One of the biggest offshore sedimentary basin in Thailand is the Pattani basin, which has many potential oil and gas fields. This project aims to identify the potential reservoirs for oil and gas in the northern part of Pattani basin. By using 3D-seismic data, two-way time structural maps can be generated and some significant features can be defined from attribute maps in order to locate the structural closures that are suitable for hydrocarbon accumulation. From the results of study, the two-way-time structural maps of three Horizons illustrate a structural high in Eastern and Western parts of the area and gently down-dip slope to the graben center. Structures closures were in the up-thrown side of faults that located in the structural high area. In addition, result of attribute analysis for Horizon A shows a continuity of shale surface which was characterized as a regional seal, Horizon B illustrated a paleo-channel feature shown in seismic amplitude map, and Horizons C shown high amplitude anomalies that lie conformably to structure closures. These anomalies were believed to correspond to hydrocarbon accumulation in that closure. The conclusion from combined the structural map with an attribute map confirmed that there are four and three prospected areas in Horizon B and C respectively.
Palaeontology and taphonomy of crinoid limestone in Amphoe Bugsamphan, Phetchabun
Authors:   , Sanordee Sasion
Published: December 2024

Crinoid limestones are founded in Amphoe Bungsamphan,Phetchabun,contain not only abundant crinoids stems and also they associate with coral building animals, Brachiopods, Mollusca, Rugosa, Ammonoids, Calcareous sponges and Bryozoas. The longest chain stem is 78 cm. At first, I prepared the geologic map and classified geomorphic surface in study area and making the stratigraphical relationship between limestone and tuff. And the occurrence of crinoids fossils can be described the paleoenvironment are reconstructed. Crinoid stems are scattered in the layer parallel to bedding plane. Crinoids fossils are almost chained stems. The surface abrasion of stem is common. Unfortunately, all most of calyx are separated and lost, only one specimen of calyx is identified. Totally, 4 horizons are discriminated. Size frequency analysis of Crinoids diameter and length has been carried .Maximum and minimum length of chained stem is 104.0 mm and 0.3 mm. Maximum and minimum diameter of chained stem is 39.9 and 0.5 mm. Crinoids was the first invader as suspension feeder to the community. If the bottom conditions too soft, Crinoids cannot stand to get the foods. At first, lapilli tuff may be the last stage. In the final stage all most of the animals of the communities had been broken out and transported by the stronger current stem.
Automated image-based parameter optimization for single-pulse laser drilling
Authors: Klaiber Manuel , Hug Mathias , Schneller Lukas , Can Ömer , Jahn Andreas , Fehrenbacher Axel , Reimann Peter , Michalowski Andreas
Published: December 2024

A significant challenge in laser drilling is the optimization
of process parameters and drilling strategies to achieve highquality
holes. This is further complicated by the fact that quality
assessment is a manual and time-consuming task. This paper
presents a methodology designed to significantly reduce the
manual effort required in optimizing parameters for single-pulse
laser drilling of 0.3mm thick stainless steel. The objective is to
precisely drill holes with an entry diameter of 70μm and an exit
diameter of 20 μm, achieving high roundness. The features of the
drilled holes were extracted automatically from the raw data using
a combined approach that utilizes deep learning and image
processing techniques. The outcomes were compared against
manual measurements. Results indicate that the mean deviations
between automated and manual measurements for both
inlet and outlet diameters are less than one micrometer. We employed
a Bayesian optimization algorithm to efficiently explore
the parameter space without the need for incorporating expert
knowledge. The approach rapidly identified optimal drilling parameters
after only a few iterations, significantly expediting the
optimization process and considerably reducing manual labor.
Eficiência dos terminais de carga aeroportuários brasileiros considerando o comércio eletrônico e variáveis exógenas
Authors: Da Silva Filho Wellington Luiz Rocha , Guterres Marcelo Xavier , Queiroz Júnior Hélio da Silva , Falcão Viviane Adriano
Published: December 2024

O estudo avalia a eficiência operacional dos terminais logísticos de carga aérea (TECA) em aeroportos brasileiros, considerando a influência do e-commerce e de variáveis exógenas. A partir de 2011, o Brasil iniciou a concessão de aeroportos a gestores privados para melhorar a infraestrutura e eficiência, mas há poucas evidências de melhorias pós-concessão. O método utilizado é a Análise de Envoltória de Dados (DEA), em dois cenários: um considerando todo o manuseio de carga e outro apenas o e-commerce. A análise temporal investigou a relação entre eficiência e fatores como PIB industrial, taxa de câmbio, tamanho da população, pandemia de COVID-19 e concessão de aeroportos. Os resultados indicam que as concessões não necessariamente melhoram a eficiência média dos aeroportos. Apenas alguns aeroportos apresentaram melhorias na eficiência após a concessão e antes da pandemia. A eficiência de todos os TECAs foi afetada durante a pandemia devido à redução da rede aérea. A regressão Tobit mostrou que o PIB e a concessão têm um efeito positivo na eficiência, enquanto a pandemia tem um impacto negativo. Assim, conclui-se que, embora algumas concessões e investimentos em infraestrutura tenham levado a melhorias na eficiência dos terminais, muitos aeroportos ainda enfrentam desafios, especialmente em meio à pandemia de COVID-19. A expansão do e-commerce apresenta desafios únicos para os TECAs, exigindo medidas específicas para otimizar a eficiência operacional, destacando a importância de considerar fatores internos e externos na avaliação da eficiência dos TECAs no Brasil.