bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ontologies for development and generation adaptive user interfaces of knowledge base editors
Authors:   Institute for Automation and Control Processes FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia, Gribova V.V. ,   Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia, Parshkova S.V. ,   Institute for Automation and Control Processes FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia, Fedorischev L.A. ,   Institute for Automation and Control Processes FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia,   Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: July 2022

The article discusses a method for creating automatically generated adaptive user interfaces of knowledge base editors based on an ontological approach. The main goal that guided the authors is to improve the quality and convenience of creating and editing knowledge bases, taking into account the specifics of the subject area, the characteristics of an expert user and other parameters. The description of the concept of a new approach to generating adaptive interfaces is given. Additionally, a detailed description of all ontologies, knowledge bases and models used in the specified approach to generating interfaces, as key elements of the proposed idea. The presented ontology of knowledge about interface design introduces new abstract elements that define interface tasks without explicitly defining their visual and functional representation, while each abstract element of this ontology has several representation options - adaptations of abstract elements. The ontology of graphical elements of the user interface defines a specific visual and functional representation of abstract elements in the form of ready-made reusable WIMP elements, such as lists, buttons, menus, etc. The presented knowledge base on interface design describes the rules for its formation depending on the structure of the domain ontology, user characteristics, and usability requirements. The presented interface model describes the structure of the generated adaptive interface in accordance with the user's individual preferences and other additional information. All the ontologies and knowledge bases described in the article are currently implemented on the IACPaaS platform.
Network concept of a metadisciplinary platform for constructing multiple real and virtual worlds
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia, Berestneva O.G. , Lyzin I.A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia, Tikhomirov A.A. ,   Inha University, The Republic of Korea, Korniakov M.V. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Jafar G. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Duga S.V. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Kuular E.K. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Trufanov A.I. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Petrova L.A. ,   State Humanitarian and Technological University
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the problem concerning mastering augmented and virtual reality has arisen in a wide range of areas of modern life. The paper analyzes the need, requirements and possibilities of metadisciplinary (i.e. non-disciplinary) construction in a generalized space that combines reality and virtuality in educational sphere. At the same time, complexity of combining the worlds, volume of data, and consideration of dynamics are contemplated as problems available for computational solution and practical implementation on the basis of a network platform. Within the framework of the proposed concept, an entrance to the network sub-space containing network imprints of a generalized real-virtual world, coordination of multiple components in it and return back to a previous image, perceived through the developed application of the mixed world is provided. The network platform includes both the network elements of ontology (general description) and representation, storage and processing of data using graph non-relational databases and tools for analyzing and visualizing networks. An architecture with a network component of data processing (networkalization) makes it possible to move forward in the direction of improving the design platform of multiple real and virtual worlds. Special emphasis on the network paradigm is due to the practical value of the ―networked‖ mixed reality (and especially in the educational field) which lies in the fact that information is presented in a well-structured form. It can be expected that tools capable of performing such structuring not only technologically (which is necessary for recognition, tracking and visualization), but also at user level, will be a good way to support educational space.
¿La doctrina militar mexicana es un bien común?
Authors: Gutiérrez González Manuel Alejandro
Published: July 2022

En los últimos decenios ha ido en incremento el interés en el estudio del bien común. La aportación de Ostrom en el tema de los comunes ha puesto en la cátedra y en la discusión académica el estudio sobre lo que son los bienes comunes y el bien común. La idea de este artículo se basa en una concepción de bien común que se ha ido trabajando en los últimos años en México en el Instituto Promotor del Bien Común (IPBC), en la Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP). Lo que busco investigar es si la doctrina militar mexicana es uno de los bienes comunes –de todos los bienes comunes– que pueden tener el Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos (EFAM). Para lograr este propósito, el artículo se dividirá en tres partes: la primera mencionará cómo se concibe el bien común y cómo es su dinámica; la segunda, qué es la doctrina y cómo se percibe dentro de una institución casi bimilenaria y la tercera, sobre la doctrina militar y cuál es la doctrina militar mexicana. Con esto no se busca agotar el tema, sino que podría ser el inicio de varias investigaciones sobre la relación de la doctrina militar mexicana y el bien común.
Military Power and Conventional Deterrence
Authors: Dall'Agnol Augusto C. , E. Duarte Érico
Published: July 2022

This literature review explains how strategies of deterrence and compellence relate to military power. Such an inquiry is relevant as much of the literature on military power diffusion focuses exclusively on military platforms and weapons systems. Hence, we advance a more political and strategic approach rather than a more technological approach while assessing military power. The article uses “costs” and “probability of success” to assess conventional deterrence. Although both compellence and deterrence are coercive strategies, they have different implications for the diffusion of military power, especially because of the costs associated with each one. We argue that countries should not replicate or pursue a carbon copy of all the top platforms and advanced weapons systems of a leading state to catch up or to deny the advantages of technological innovation. Hence, denial strategies are much cheaper than control strategies. Finally, denial strategies often result in a decrease in the probability of success in the battlefield of an expeditionary force offensive. The review concludes that military power should relate much more to deterrence than compellence, countering the conventional Dahl’s notion that power is the ability of “A” to cause “B” to do something that “B” otherwise would not do. In other words, military power must be seen as “A” convincing “B” not to initiate a specific action because the perceived benefits to “B” do not justify the potential costs and risks.
Features to Prevent Failed Hardware Colorectal Anastomoses in Laparoscopic Rectal Resections
Authors: Ivanov Yuriy Viktorovich , Panchenkov Dmitry Nikolayevich , Lomakin Ivan Alexandrovich , Istomin Nikolay Petrovich , Velichko Evgeny Alexandrovich , Danilina Ekaterina Stanislavovna
Published: July 2022

The aim of research was to study proper results of laparoscopic anterior rectal resection using intraoperative measures to prevent failure of hardware colorectal anastomoses in patients with rectal tumor.Material and methods. Out of 68 patients included in the study, colorectal anastomotic leakage occurred clinically only in 2 cases (2.9%, class A and B) and required no further surgical interventions. When evaluating the risk of colorectal anastomosis failure in each specific case, it is necessary to consider pre- and intraoperative risk factors. Formation of colorectal anastomosis with one angular end of the rectal stump followed by immersion; additional strengthening of the anastomosis zone with interrupted serous-muscular sutures; adequate drainage of the pelvic cavity (the most effective - transperineal presacral) are intraoperative methods that reduce the risk of failed hardware colorectal anastomoses.Results. Out of 68 operated patients, colorectal anastomosis failure occurred clinically only in 2 cases (2.9%, class A and B) and did not require repeated surgical intervention. When assessing the risk of colorectal anastomosis failure in each specific case, it is necessary to take into account pre-and intraoperative risk factors. Formation of a colorectal anastomosis with one angular end of the rectal stump, followed by its immersion; additional strengthening of the anastomosis zone with nodular serous-muscular sutures; adequate drainage of the pelvic cavity (most effectively - trans-interventional presacral) - intraoperative methods that reduce the risk of failure of hardware colorectal anastomoses.Conclusion. Reasonable doubts in the intraoperative evaluation of the blood supply to the end section of the descending colon, viability of the colorectal anastomosis, presence of 3 or more risk factors, low position of anastomosis (less than 10 cm from the outer end of the anal canal) indicate the necessity to form preventive transversostomy.
Retrospective Study of Outpatient Treatment of Acute Mesenteric Circulatory Disorders
Authors: Sukharukov Alexander Sergeevich , Narezkin Dmitry Vasilievich , Bezaltynnykh Alexander Alexandrovich , Sergeev Alexey V. , Avchinnikova Daria Andreevna
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Acute violation of mesenteric blood circulation is one of the most severe urgent diseases of the abdominal cavity. The number of patients, and the mortality rate resulted from this pathology, is steadily increasing every year. The number of patients has only increased during the pandemic of new coronavirus infection COVID-19.The aim of study was to develop options to prevent severe outcomes of this pathology at the pre-hospital stage identifying patients with high risk of developing mesenteric thrombosis.Materials and methods. The study was a retrospective analytical study that included 279 (100%) patients and their outpatient records. All patients were diagnosed with acute mesenteric circulation disorder and treated at the hospital surgery clinic in Smolensk in 2013-2020. When conducting a thorough analysis of patients findings, special attention was paid to: past medical history, in particular, the presence of abdominal pain syndrome, features, localization and intensity of pain; the nature of labour activity during life; existing comorbidity; surgical interventions of the abdominal organs, objective examination findings, and laboratory and instrumental test findings. The data obtained were processed using methods of statistical analysis described in the book "Statistics in biology and medicine" by Medik V.A., Tokmachev M.S., Fishman B.B. (2001), and MS Excel 2019.Results. A retrospective analysis revealed that 63 (22.5%) patients had a burdened anamnesis of acute mesenteric circulatory disorders in close relatives. An increased number of "bad" lipoproteins of low and very low density was noted, this being an unfavorable factor in the development of atheromatous lesion of the mesenteric vascular bed followed by the manifestation of acute mesenteric circulatory disorders. The analysis revealed a group of patients with ischemic colitis that included 139 patients (49.1 %). The diagnosis was supported by fibrocolonoscopy. In addition, it was found that 4 0.7 years (from 3 to 4.5 years) passed from the onset of symptoms to hospitalization for acute mesenteric circulatory disorders in patients with abdominal symptoms.Conclusions. All patients with acute mesenteric circulatory disorders had manifested clinical signs of the disorder 3-4.5 years before it was diagnosed; this allowed suspecting violations along the mesenteric bed. Patients with a burdened anamnesis of the cardiovascular system (coronary heart disease-93.7%, arterial hypertension 86.1%, various forms of atrial fibrillation 83.4%) were mostly at risk. Identification of a risk group at the outpatient stage for potential occurrence of acute mesenteric circulatory disorders can help reduce incidence of this pathology.
Perforation of the Esophageal Wall due to Large-Sized Foreign Body Entering the Esophagus
Authors: Kletkin Maksim Evgenievich , Temirbulatov Vladimir Ibragimovich , Tarabrin Denis Vladimirovich
Published: July 2022

Foreign bodies entering the esophagus may result from rapid food intake, reduced sensitivity of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity in some neurological diseases, under mental illness, in individuals of certain professions. In 3-4% of cases, this results in perforations of the esophagus due to either presence of acute traumatic margins of the foreign body, or by a long-term presentation of a foreign body in the esophagus and, consequently, the development of a pressure injury. Considering the above, timely and complete diagnosis and adequate surgical treatment in the first hours after diagnosed esophageal perforation by a foreign body is a must.
The patient was admitted to the department of thoracic surgery with complaints of a foreign body in the throat, hypersalivation, subcutaneous emphysema of the neck. He felt sick 2 hours ago, when during sleep he had swallowed a denture. The patient was examined and diagnosed with a foreign body of the upper third of the esophagus with perforation. He was urgently administered: 1. fibroesophagoscopy + reduction of the foreign body in the stomach; 2. Left-sided colotomy, suturing of the upper thoracic esophagus, drainage of the prevertebral space; 3. Upper median laparotomy, gastrotomy, removal of a foreign body, gastrostomy according to Kaders method. The patient was discharged with a gastrostomy from the hospital in a satisfactory condition, he was recommended follow-up observation by a local surgeon in the outpatient clinic. The gastrostomy was closed conservatively 3 weeks after the discharge. In 2 weeks after the closure of gastrostomy, the patient returned to a full life and working activity.
Surgical Treatment of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis in Sterile Stage
and in Biliary Etiology of the Disease
Authors: Firsova Victoria Glebovna
Published: July 2022

The main indication for surgical treatment in acute pancreatitis (AP) is infected necrosis in the late phase of the disease. However, some patients require surgery in the sterile stage including the earliest period. In sterile necrosis interventions are associated with the risk of infection and increased mortality, being the responsibility of a surgeon. Patients with biliary AP often require early interventions and specific tactic regarding the pathology of the biliary tract. The review analyses recent studies and modern practical recommendations on the surgical treatment of patients with AP in the sterile stage and in biliary etiology. Obstruction of bile duct and cholangitis, enzymatic peritonitis, abdominal compartment syndrome caused by ineffective conservative measures, massive pancreatogenic accumulations with the threat of a rupture into the abdominal cavity, pain syndrome, compression of the adjacent organs often resulted from the disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome require invasive interventions to prevent the development of infectious necrosis. A number of questions have an ambiguous solution. The threshold level of intra-abdominal pressure, the rate of its increase, or other apparent criteria for the implementation of surgical decompression and the choice of decompression technique for abdominal compartment syndrome have not been stated. The optimal timing and the priority method of drainage in the disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome remain uncertain. The management of patients with biliary acute pancreatitis regarding prophylactic endoscopic papillotomy is controversial. Further, well-designed research studies involving surgical treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis are needed.
Difficulties in Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Pancreaticopleural Fistula
Authors: Ivanov Yury Viktorovich , Panchenkov Dmitry Nikolayevich , Gritsun Vladimir Yurievich , Smirnov Alexandr Vyacheslavovich
Published: July 2022

The study presented clinical observation of a patient with a rare complication of chronic pancreatitis - a formed bilateral pancreaticopleural fistula. The clinical picture of the disease was similar to that of recurrent bilateral hydrothorax. To specify the diagnosis, it was necessary to perform a pleural puncture with a biochemical analysis of the removed pleural fluid. A high level of pancreatic amylase in the pleural fluid, results of targeted multislice computed tomography of the pancreas with contrast and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a bilateral pancreaticopleural fistula. Distal resection of the pancreas proved to be an effective and sufficient radical surgical intervention, which provided reliable elimination of the pancreaticopleural fistula and bilateral enzymatic pleurisy.
Endovideosurgery Potential in the Treatment of Liver Cysts
Authors: Sigua Badri Valerievich , Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav Petrovich , Gurzhii Dmitrii Vitalievich , Syomin Dmitrii Sergeevich , Ivanyukova Maria Alexandrovna , Zakharov Evgeny Alexeyevich
Published: July 2022

Non-parasitic cystic lesions of the liver are asymptomatic for a long time and appear to be an accidental diagnostic finding. It should also be noted that when choosing a treatment strategy, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnostics with parasitic cysts in echinococcosis and opisthorchiasis, as well as decay areas in alveococcosis and liver cancer. The paper describes a clinical case of successful management of a patient with a liver cyst. Prior to admission, the patient was examined outpatiently: ultrasound examination, spiral computed tomography of the abdominal organs detected a liquid formation in the projection of liver segments IIIII measuring 89x79x88 mm. In addition, immunological studies were carried out to differentiate the origin of cystic formation. The presence of IgG antibodies to Toxocara was confirmed, the fact allowing for the parasitic origin of the cyst. The patient was admitted to the Surgical Clinic named after I.I. Grekov, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, for planned surgical treatment - en bloc resection of liver segments II-III and cholecystectomy, due to concomitant cholelithiasis. The resected edge of the liver and the gallbladder bed were processed using argon plasma coagulation. The postoperative period appeared unremarkable. The histopathological examination finding was a solitary cyst of the bile duct, with chronic active inflammation in the surrounding liver tissue. The patient was discharged in a satisfactory condition on the eleventh day after the operation under the supervision of a surgeon, therapist and infectious disease specialist. Thus, an interdisciplinary approach is a key in the treatment of patients with liver cysts and allows choosing the optimal treatment tactics.Endovideosurgical technologies allow conducting radical surgical interventions for liver cysts, even in cases when their parasitic origin cannot be excluded.
Surgical Treatment of Jejunal Diverticula
Authors: Kamanin Alexey Alexandrovich , Bogdanov Petr Ivanovich , Krasnopeeva Marina Konstantinovna , Makarenko Alexandra Romanovna , Banko Veniamin Valerevich , Slabkova Alexandra Andreevna
Published: July 2022

Тhe article presents a clinical case of a patient with jejunal diverticulum. The patient complained of spastic pains after eating for a long time, these were regarded as manifestations of gastroduodenitis, hernia of the anterior abdominal wall, psychosomatic pathology. The diagnosis of jejunal diverticulum was confirmed by abdominal MRI and diagnostic laparoscopy. Laparoscopic resection of the diverticulum was performed. In the postoperative period, the syndrome of abdominal pain completely arrested.
Clinical Case of Absence of the Appendix
Authors: Glukhov Alexander Anatolievich , Andreev Alexander Alekseevich , Gorlunov Alexander Vasilyevich , Lobas Sergey Vladimirovich , Boev Sergey Nikolaevich , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich , Laptiyova Anastasia Yurievna
Published: July 2022

Surgical interventions related to inflammatory changes in the appendix are among the most common surgeries in inpatient departments. Yet, there is a high variability in the position of the appendix, and various abnomalities in its structure, which can cause errors in the management of patients. The article describes a case of aplasia of the appendix and presents literature data on the prevalence of this pathology (1:100,000 laparotomies).
¿Movilización de recursos o radicalismo desafecto? El apoyo a la protesta en Argentina
Authors: Bohigues Asbel , Sendra Mariana
Published: July 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los motivos detrás del apoyo a la protesta, diferenciando entre dos tipos: manifestaciones legales, y bloqueos de carreteras. Para ello se contrastan dos teorías: movilización de recursos, y radicalismo desafecto, tomando como referencia el caso de Argentina. Se utilizan datos del Barómetro de las Américas para el periodo 2008-2017. Controlando la temporalidad a través de un modelo logístico ordenado de efectos fijos, los resultados muestran que la teoría de la movilización de recursos tiene mayores sustentos empíricos, aun con la excepción del apoyo a la democracia en los bloqueos. Además, el análisis muestra que los principales determinantes, el apoyo a la democracia e interés en la política, se mantienen en el tiempo, aunque se refuerza el rechazo a las manifestaciones legales por los no demócratas y los desinteresados en política.
¿Determinantes de la violencia en las entidades federativas mexicanas? Alternancia partidista y fragmentación criminal como variables explicativas
Authors: Márquez Romo Cristian
Published: July 2022

Algunas entidades federativas en México han alcanzado tasas de homicidios equivalentes a las de los países más violentos, otras las han mantenido cercanas a los más pacíficos. ¿Qué determina esta violencia? Este trabajo atribuye el aumento de la violencia al quiebre de pactos informales y a la fragmentación del crimen organizado a nivel subnacional. A partir de una base de datos original que permite analizar la evolución de la tasa de homicidios de las 32 entidades federativas entre 2000 y 2017, se contrasta la influencia de las variables de interés. Los resultados de modelos de regresión Poisson, binomial negativa y de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (ols) sugieren que los niveles de violencia han sido significativamente mayores en entidades en las que, con dos o más alternancias, los grupos criminales han experimentado mayor fragmentación. En las conclusiones se discute la importancia de triangular a partir de distintos abordajes metodológicos.
Liderazgo social como sentencia de muerte: el posacuerdo en Colombia
Authors: Pinto Quijano Angela Cristina , Castiblanco Moreno Suelen Emilia , Hernández Pérez Mauricio
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se analiza el asesinato de líderes sociales en Colombia entre noviembre de 2016 y junio de 2020 mediante una técnica relacional logit para identificar los factores asociados a una mayor probabilidad de ser una víctima de asesinato por ejercer un liderazgo social. La hipótesis sostiene que estos asesinatos son sistemáticos y obedecen a un patrón relacionado con el conflicto armado. Los hallazgos indican que ser hombre, vivir en departamentos históricamente asediados por el conflicto armado, defender causas indígenas o campesinas y pertenecer a una junta de acción comunal son los factores asociados a ser víctima de este tipo de homicidio.
Salud digital: vital para mitigar el covid-19 en México
Authors: López Guerrero Flor Mireya
Published: July 2022

Los problemas del sistema de salud mexicano son de saturación, deterioro y carencia de infraestructura física y digital. Sin embargo, la salud digital (SD) funciona como tamiz para evitarlos. Este trabajo analiza el efecto de la SD para reducir el número de contagios y su influencia en la mitigación de la pandemia de covid-19 en Ciudad de México. Mediante un índice de componentes principales, se localizó a la población que carece de recursos digitales disponibles, de acceso a la salud, educación, de vivienda y bienes. Se examinó el efecto de no utilizar la SD para trazar los traslados de la población que salió fuera de su residencia para atenderse de covid-19. Finalmente, se georreferenció a la población usuaria de esta modalidad de salud con algún síntoma de dicha enfermedad. La estimación del efecto de la SD es que es una forma inmediata de atender a los pacientes covid.
ANÁLISE EXPERIMENTAL DA INFLUÊNCIA DE TRELIÇAS ELETROSOLDADAS INCORPORADAS EM VIGAS DE CONCRETO ARMADO NA FLEXÃO
Authors: Vargas Alexandre , Bauer Jéssica
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo avaliar a influência de treliças eletrosoldadas de diferentes alturas, incorporadas em vigas de concreto armado submetidas à flexão, quanto à capacidade portante e os deslocamentos verticais. Para a realização do estudo foram confeccionadas 12 vigas de concreto armado com seção transversal de 15 x 25 cm, e comprimento de 190 cm, divididas em quatro grupos de três: Grupo VR (referência), com armadura convencional sem treliça incorporada, grupo V8, com treliça de 8 cm incorporada, grupo V12, com treliça de 12 cm incorporada, e o grupo V16, com treliça de 16 cm incorporada. Todas as amostras foram submetidas ao ensaio de flexão a quatro pontos. Como resultado, observou-se que na ruptura houve um acréscimo nas cargas médias das vigas dos grupos V8, V12 e V16, em relação às vigas do grupo VR, de 134,96 %, 116,84 % e 88,37 %, respectivamente. Verificou-se também que para a mesma carga que ocasionou o deslocamento limite nas vigas do grupo VR, ocorreu uma redução média de 75,55 % no deslocamento vertical do grupo V8, 72,22 % no grupo V12 e de 70,55 % no grupo V16. Pode-se concluir, com o auxílio da análise estatística ANOVA e do teste de Tukey realizados, que as vigas que tiveram treliças incorporadas apresentaram um melhor desempenho do que as vigas do grupo referência. Contudo, ao analisar os resultados obtidos apenas pelos grupos que tiveram a treliça adicionada (V8, V12 e V16), pode-se concluir que a altura da mesma não influenciou estatisticamente nos resultados.
BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR E A PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Boegër Fabiana , Debiasi Miryan Cruz
Published: July 2022

RESUMO: A Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC é um documento orientador da atividade escolar e tem como finalidade reorganizar o percurso formativo dos estudantes de toda a Educação Básica. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a organização e prática pedagógica de professores a partir dos fundamentos pedagógicos e orientações da BNCC. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa e foi realizada com professores de duas escolas públicas de um município do Sul de Santa Catarina, sendo três professores de Educação Infantil e três professores do Ensino Fundamental. O instrumento de pesquisa utilizado foi um questionário com cinco perguntas abertas. O documento da BNCC serviu para confrontar as respostas dos professores com as orientações do referido documento. O estudo evidencia que os professores concordam sem ressalvas com as orientações do documento e que, ao organizar as atividades pedagógicas a partir das orientações emanadas por ele, pouco houve de alteração uma vez que o material didático adotado já está “adaptado”. Essa situação sugere que é necessário ampliar os estudos acerca desses fundamentos da BNCC, da organização escolar como um todo e das finalidades educativas propostas por cada instituição sem perder as orientações emanadas no documento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Básica. Educação Infantil. Ensino Fundamental. Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Prática Pedagógica.
Student Debt and Healthcare Service Usage
Authors: Pearson Blain , Lee Jae Min
Published: July 2022

This study investigated the association between student debt and healthcare service usage utilizing pooled data collected from the 2015 to 2018 waves of the National Financial Capability Study. The findings of this study suggest that, when compared to those without student debt, student debt holders have a lower likelihood of filling prescriptions for medicine, going to a doctor or clinic when they have a medical problem, and going to medical tests, treatments, and follow-up appointments. The findings and ensuing discussion add to the mounting evidence of the many challenges associated with student debt repayment.
Financial Knowledge and Financial Fragility: A Consideration of the Neighborhood Effect
Authors: Kim Kyoung Tae , Lee Jae Min , DeVaney Sharon A.
Published: July 2022

This study explores the association between financial knowledge and financial fragility. Data from the 2015 National Financial Capability Study were used to create an index of financial fragility. Relationships between this index and three different measures of financial knowledge were assessed. To mitigate potential endogeneity in the financial knowledge measures, such as neighborhood effect defined as social interactions or characteristics of communities that influence socioeconomic and health behaviors or outcomes of individuals, the neighborhood average education level in US zip code units was used as an instrumental variable. The results from the baseline Ordinary Least Squares regression models and Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) regression models indicated a negative relationship between financial knowledge and financial fragility; the effect was greater when the instrumental variable was used. Our findings with the neighborhood effect suggest which groups could be a focus for future research as well as offering practical interventions. Further, when designing and implementing educational and behavioral interventions, the knowledge-based approach should gain continued support from financial education, planning, and counseling programs.
Taking a Disability-Inclusive Approach to Pandemic Responses
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Wickenden Mary , Thompson Stephen , Rohwerder Brigitte , Shaw Jacqueline
Published: July 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected communities globally, yet the impact has not been equal. People with disabilities were already often living with severe disadvantage and marginalisation and, as predicted by many disability-focused agencies, Covid-19 has exacerbated these inequalities. Emerging evidence from Inclusive Futures, a UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)-funded programme, highlights the catastrophic emotional and material impacts on people with disabilities in Nepal and Bangladesh. To respond to and plan for future crises, decision makers should consult inclusively with both organisations of people with disabilities (OPDs) and people with disabilities themselves.
Monitoring and control of livestock housing conditions using precision livestock farming techniques
Authors:   University of Milan, Italy, Lovarelli Daniela , Guarino Marcella ,   University of Milan, Italy
Published: July 2022

This chapter discusses the use of precision livestock farming (PLF) techniques to monitor the housing environment in intensive livestock production systems. It discusses the effects of variables such as temperature and humidity on animal productivity, health and welfare. It also shows how environmental conditions affect production of greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) as well as other damaging emissions such as ammonia (NH3), The chapter reviews ways of measuring and managing these environmental variables in dairy, poultry and pig production to make livestock production more sustainable.
Developments in automated systems for monitoring livestock health: mastitis
Authors:   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands, van der Voort M. , Hogeveen H. ,   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands
Published: July 2022

Dairy farmers need on-site, real-time information regarding mastitis occurrence in order to implement appropriate management actions. Technological progress has enabled the use of sensor systems as the basis for mastitis management. In this chapter, we describe the current state of automated mastitis detection systems in dairy cattle and potential new developments in mastitis detection. Most developed detection systems are focused on clinical mastitis, with systems utilizing electrical conductivity, on-line California mastitis tests, L-lactate dehydrogenase and on-line somatic cell counting being commercially available. The results of these systems are sufficient for practical use but not ideal. In the search for improved automatic mastitis detection, research is focused on: 1) improving existing and developing new sensors, 2) improving existing algorithms and combining more data sources within the analysis, and 3) defining specific mastitis situations for custom-made management measures.
Developments in automated monitoring of livestock fertility/pregnancy
Authors:   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria, Iwersen Michael , Drillich Marc ,   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
Published: July 2022

Livestock production has been characterized by the intensification and specialization of production leading to larger farms and, hence, to more animals per farm worker. Detecting cows in estrus and getting cows pregnant are two of the major challenges in dairy herd management. In addition to the less time available for the individual animal and the increasing employment of non-specialist personnel, today only about 50% of cows in estrus showing a ‘standing-to-be-mounted’ behaviour of an additionally shortened duration of on average 5 hours. As a result of this, many strategies and technologies for estrus detection have been developed. In addition to tools that support visual estrus detection, sensor technologies for that purpose have been available for some decades. While early systems consisted of more or less ‘simple’ pedometers for recording increased animal activity during estrus, increasingly sophisticated systems are now being used to detect animal-specific behavior, employing various artificial intelligence methods.
New Algorithms and Software for Significance Controlled Variable Selection
Authors: Zambom Adriano , Kim Jongwook
Published: July 2022

Stepwise regression algorithms have been widely used for a variety of applications and continue to be a fundamental tool in variable selection. Most functions available in statistical software packages deliver models that may contain insignificant predictors because of the criterion of the optimization at each step. Here we introduce an R package that provides the user with several measures of the prospective model at each step of the algorithm. These prospective models are checked with multiple testing p-value corrections such as Bonferroni and False Discovery Rate and hence the algorithm's final model includes only predictors that have their significance controlled by  the choice of correction type and alpha level. Moreover, the steps forward or backward can have an entry or drop criterion that is a combination of the p-values of prospective models. We illustrate the functionality of the package with examples and simulations.
An Integer Optimal Control Model of Production-Inventory System
Authors: Dhaiban Ali Khaleel
Published: July 2022

The optimal control model of the production-inventory system has investigated in several past studies, but without taking into account the integer condition. This study suggested a new approach to find the integer solution of production-inventory control model under periodic review policy. A new approach is based on the modified some equations of  Pontryagin maximum principle that used to find the solution of the non-integer model. Our numerical results showed the efficiency of the new approach by saving the paths of inventory level and production rate up to reach its goals over time. The total penalty costs of the model were the same, despite a difference in the values of initial inventory level. Also, we testified a new approach by formulating the quadratic programming problem of the production-inventory system. The solution was the same for the two problems; quadratic programming and new approach.
Property rights institutions and the political budget cycle
Authors:   KOREA DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, Park Sangwon , Min Sujin , Lee Dongwon
Published: July 2022

This study examines the impact of property rights institutions on the political budget cycle. A simple equilibrium model of political budget cycles suggests that property rights institutions implicitly constrain the electoral cycle by making pre-election fiscal manipulation less effective in gaining votes. Using a panel of 64 democracies over the period 1987-2016, we confirm that a political budget cycle is conditional on the strength of property rights institutions. Countries with stronger property rights institutions experience a smaller electoral cycle. Our findings imply that property rights institutions may provide a socially efficient mechanism for protecting the welfare of taxpayers.
The Structure and Implications of the Dynamic Model for Housing Market Based on Cash Flows
Authors:   KOREA DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, Kim Chang-Uk
Published: July 2022

It is not appropriate to apply the demand/supply approach to the housing market and it causes many problems. Unlike the premise of demand/supply approach, transactions of existing houses account for the majority of the domestic housing market, and transactions of houses with 'jeonse' are also significant. In this paper, an analysis based on cash flow is proposed as an alternative housing market analysis method. According to this, the house price is determined at the point where the amount of cash payment and the amount of cash receipt match for the sale in the period, and changes when a difference occurs between the amounts. As a result of constructing and simulating a dynamic model for housing market based on cash flow, it was estimated that more than half of the rise in Korean housing prices since 2000 was due to the rise in 'jeonse' prices, and the rest were due to the higher ratio of additional procurement cash than the equilibrium value. According to the cash flow-based analysis, heavy comprehensive real estate tax and transfer tax for multiple homeowners, house supply through the development of new cities and the unitary deregulation of reconstruction can also lead to a rise in housing prices, contrary to policy intentions. The cash flow-based dynamic market model presented in this paper can be expanded throughout the resell market where used goods with scarcity are traded
Growth Performance of Tilapia Fed with Feed Containing Moringa Leaf Meal and Shrimp Meal
Authors: Laheng Suardi , Putri Dwi Utami , Putri Ika Wahyuni , Darmawati Darmawati , Igirisa Farida , Pina Pina
Published: July 2022

The research objective of this study was to determine the impact of feed enrichment using Moringa leaf meal and shrimp meal on the growth performance of Tilapia. The initial weight of experimental fish was 6.10 ± 0.55 g/ head. The treatments given were Treatment A (feed without Moringa leaf meal and shrimp meal), Treatment B (commercial feed + 20% shrimp flour), Treatment C (commercial feed + 10% Moringa leaf meal + 20% shrimp meal), and Treatment D (commercial feed + 20% Moringa leaf meal + 20% shrimp meal). In total, there were 4 treatments with 3 replications each. Fish rearing lasted for 40 days. The results showed that the treatments had no effect on amount of feed consumption, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, survival rate, coefficient of variation and hepatosomatic index (p>0,05), but had an effect on the amount of protein consumption and body protein (p<0, 05). In conclusion, the enrichment of feed containing Moringa leaf meal and shrimp meal had no effect on the growth performance of Tilapia.
Effectiveness of Meniran Leaf Extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) as Immunostimulant in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Against Vibriosis Disease
Authors: Wachid Baiq Ainaya Amrini , Setyowati Dewi Nur'aeni , Azhar Fariq
Published: July 2022

Vibrio harveyi
infection was an obstacle in shrimp culture. Meanwhile, the use of antibiotics in disease control was no longer effective, so the use of immunostimulants such as meniran leaves was the safest alternative. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding different doses of meniran leaf extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) to feed on the immune system of vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) which was challenged with Vibrio harveyi. This research was an experimental study using completely randomized design (CRD) consist of 5 treatments and 3 replications, namely, P1 (positive control): commercial feed + V. harveyi infection; P2 (negative control): commercial feed + 0.9% NaCl; P3: commercial feed + 0.5% Meniran leaf extract + V. harveyi infection; P4: commercial feed + 1% Meniran leaf extract + V. harveyi infection; and P5: commercial feed + 2% Meniran leaf extract + V. harveyi infection. The parameters observed were survival and immune response. Immune response analysis was carried out by counting hemocytes, phagocytic activation and total bacteria present in the shrimp intestines at the end of the study. The results of this study indicate that the addition of meniran leaf extract affects the immune system and the viability of vannamei shrimp. In conclusion, the addition of meniran extract to vannamei shrimp feed with a dose of 1% can improve the immune system and viability of vannamei shrimp against vibriosis.
The Growth, Feed Efficiency, and Survival Rate of Bonylip Barb (Osteochillus hasselti) in Biofloc Media C/N Ratio 10 with Different Stock Densities
Authors: Mumpuni Fia Sri , Muarif Muarif , Yulianti Nani , Hilmy Aziz Mufadhdha
Published: July 2022

Bonylip barb (Osteochillus hasselti) is a favourite freshwater fish, especially in West Java, Indonesia.  Cultivation of bonylip barb is carried out in a conventional method; therefore, it is necessary to apply new cultivation technology, namely biofloc. The purpose of this study was to know the growth, feed efficiency, and survival rate of Bonylip barb in biofloc system cultivation (C/N ratio 10) with different stocking densities.  This research was conducted in March – July 2021, and the experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Bogor.  The object of research is bonylip barb seed (size 4.5 – 5.5 cm). The research design was a completely randomized design with three treatments of stocking density {A (10 fish/21 L), B (20 fish /21 L), and C (30 fish /21 L)} with four replications. Parameters observed were specific growth rate, feed efficiency, survival rate, and water quality. Furthermore, data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test.  The results showed that treatment A (stocking density 10 fish/21 L) had the best performance with a specific weight growth rate (2.03 ± 0.15%), feed efficiency (78.7%), and survival rate (100%). Water quality during the study was feasible for bonylip barb life. Keywords: Biofloc, Molasses, Osteochillus hasselti, Specific Growth Rate, Survival Rate
Anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) By-product Material as a Fish-feed Ingredient of Seurukan Fish (Osteochilus vittatus): Effect on Growth Performance and Gut Morphology
Authors: Zulfahmi Ilham , Audila Anggi , Sari Ayu Nirmala , Nur Firman M , Nugroho Rudy Agung , Hasri Iwan
Published: July 2022

Fish meal is an important part of raw material for fish feed. However, the use of fish meal is considered unsustainable, compete with human being and expensive. By product of Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) which contains high protein is potential to be used to replace fish meal. Present study aimed to determine the utilization of anchovy by-products raw materials as feed ingredient for seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus) and evaluate its effect on the growth performance and intestinal morphology. In total 250 seurukan fish (initial weight 0.67 ± 0.01 g) was randomly divided into four triplicates groups: control group, and experimental diets which had different inclusion level of anchovy by-products meal: 50%, 35%, and 20%. Fish were fed with different diet at level of 8% of body weight three times a day for 28 days. Present results showed that the inclusion of anchovy by-product meal in the feed by 50% can produce a higher value of weight gain (0.47±0.02 g), length gain (0.69±0.09 cm), SGR (2.20±0.51%) and feed efficiency (77.89±3.71%) compared to control feed (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival rate and gut length ratio among groups of seurukan fish. Meanwhile, the average villi length and villi width of the seurukan fish fed experimental groups increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the 50% anchovy by-products meal inclusion in the diet of seurukan fish is beneficial to enhance growth, feed efficiency and improved feed absorption as indicated by histological analysis.
Renal hemosiderosis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Monteiro Italo Gustavo Lima , Galdino Gabriela Studart , Lima Neto Raimundo Noberto de
Published: July 2022

A previously healthy 38-year-old man presented with history of fever, adynamia and anemia for the last 5 months. Physical examination revealed pallor. Laboratory was marked by a hemoglobin level of 9.2g per deciliter (reference range, 14.0 to 18.0 g per deciliter), and a platelet count of 50,000 cells per cubic millimeter (reference range, 140,000 to 400,000 cells per cubic millimeter). There was no iron or vitamin B12 deficiency. Reticulocyte percentage was 3.9% (reference range 0.5 to 1.5%). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 2293 U/L (reference range, 230 to 460 u/L), total bilirubin was 1.98 mg/dL (reference <1 mg/dL), with predominance of indirect fraction, which was 1.36 mg/dL (reference < 0.8 mg/dL). The direct antiglobulin test was negative, and serum protein electrophoresis was unremarkable. After admission, the patient developed persistent abdominal pain. An abdominal MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) was performed and revealed segmental portal vein thrombosis (Figure 1) and the kidneys exhibited abnormally low renal cortical signal in T2-weighted sequences (Figure 2). This particular radiologic finding results from accumulation of hemosiderin in the kidneys and is typically seen in chronic intravascular hemolytic situations. His renal function was normal at admission, with a serum creatinine of 0.9mg per deciliter (reference range 0.7 to 1.3 mg per deciliter) and the urinalysis has shown hemoglobin 1+ without red cells. A flow cytometry confirmed the diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).

Iron deposition in the kidneys is typically seen in cases of intravascular hemolysis. Hemosiderin is deposited in the proximal convoluted tubules, promoting an inversion of the signal intensity of the renal cortex on MR. This finding is seen as an accentuated decrease in the cortical signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Interestingly, this accumulation does not seem to affect renal function as seen in this patient.

PNH is an acquired clonal haematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by cytopenias of any lineage, episodes of intravascular haemolysis and prothrombotic state. These manifestations are due to an increased susceptibility of the blood cells membrane to lysis activity of the complement system. Most of the morbidity and mortality of PNH is due to thrombosis, although its mechanism is poorly understood.