bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Prevalence Assessment of Wuchereria bancrofti and Onchocerca volvulus in Three Co-Endemic Districts of Gambella Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Hassen Mohammed , Mohammed Aderajew , Endeshaw Tekola , Seid Tewodros , Samuel Fikresilasie , Asmare Tadese , Birhanu Henok , Bekele Firdaweke , Yayeh Adane , Seife Fikre , Tamiru Mossie , Meribo Kadu , Tadesse Zerihun , Griswold Emily , Katabarwa Moses , Richards Frank , Noland Gregory S.
Published: September 2023

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis (OV) are among the neglected tropical diseases (NTD) targeted for elimination in Ethiopia. We used a transmission assessment survey (TAS-1) to evaluate the serological status of OV in three co-endemic districts in Gambella simultaneously. During May and June 2019, blood samples were collected from 6- to 7-year-old children who were randomly selected through standard community-based TAS methodology. Children were tested for both circulating filarial antigen (CFA) for LF via filariasis test strip and for Onchocerca volvulus 16 (Ov16) antibody for OV via laboratory-based ELISA. A total of 3,377 children from 150 villages in the three districts were tested; 1,823 (54.0%) were male. All three districts had CFA results below the critical threshold for stopping LF mass drug administration (MDA). In contrast, 40 children (1.2%) were positive for Ov16 antibody, well above the WHO’s OV stop MDA threshold of 0.1%. The integrated assessment indicated two programmatic decisions: stop MDA for LF and continue MDA for OV. Accordingly, albendazole MDA was discontinued in the districts but ivermectin MDA continued. This integrated assessment showed that a random sample for TAS can give important information about OV transmission status in co-endemic areas.
Clinical, Virological, and Immunological Features in Cosmopolitan Genotype DENV-2–Infected Patients during a Large Dengue Outbreak in Sri Lanka in 2017
Authors: Nwe Khine Mya , Ngwe Tun Mya Myat , Muthugala Rohitha , Nabeshima Takeshi , Balingit Jean Claude , Rajamanthri Lakmali , Jayawardana Dulani , Attanayake Shanthi , Inoue Shingo , Takamatsu Yuki , Urano Takeshi , Morita Kouichi
Published: September 2023

In 2017, Sri Lanka experienced its largest dengue epidemic and reported severe and unusual presentations of dengue with high morbidity. This outbreak was associated with the reemergence of dengue virus-2 (DENV-2), with the responsible strain identified as a variant of the previously circulating DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype. In this study, we characterized the DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype from patients during this epidemic. Also, we identified host factors that contributed to the severity of dengue infection in patients infected with this particular virus. Ninety-one acute serum samples from patients at the National Hospital in Kandy were randomly selected. Of these, 40.2% and 48.9% were positive for dengue IgM and IgG, respectively. NS1 antigen levels were significantly higher in primary infections. The severe dengue (SD) and dengue with warning signs (DWWS) groups exhibited significantly higher viral genome and infectivity titers than the dengue without warning signs (DWoWS) group. The highest viremia level was observed in SD patients. As for host cytokine response, interferon α (IFN-α) levels were significantly higher in the DWoWS group than in the DWWS and SD groups, whereas interleukin (IL)-12p40 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels in SD patients were significantly higher than in the other two groups. The TNF-α, IL-4, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentrations were positively correlated with NS1 antigen levels. From whole-genome analysis, NS4 had the highest frequency of amino acid variants, followed by the E gene. Our study suggests that viremia levels and immune responses contributed to SD outcomes, and these findings may help in identifying an effective therapeutic strategy against SD infection.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chagas Disease in the United States: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Henao-Martínez Andrés F. , Olivo-Freites Christian , Higuita Nelson I. Agudelo , Ferraz Carolina , Franco-Paredes Carlos , Tuells Jose , Woc-Colburn Laila , Villalpando-Carrión Salvador , Chastain Daniel B. , Rassi Anis
Published: September 2023

Chagas disease affects approximately 300,000 patients in the United States. We evaluated a multicenter U.S.-based network to obtain clinical characteristics and outcomes of chronic Chagas disease by disease forms. This was a U.S.-based, multicenter, population-based, retrospective cohort study. We queried TriNetX, a global research network, to identify patients with dual-positive IgG serology for Trypanosoma cruzi. We captured outcomes of interest for up to 5 years. We found 429 patients with evidence of dual-positive T. cruzi IgG out of 19,831 patients with an available test result from 31 U.S. medical centers. The positive proportion for those tested was 2.2%, up to 4.6% among Hispanics. We found a prevalence of a positive Chagas serology of 0.02% among Hispanics. Cardiomyopathy risk reached an annual rate of 1.3% during the initial 5 years of follow-up among patients with the indeterminate form. We found no new events for pulmonary embolism, sudden death, or left ventricular aneurysms at 5 years. Annual risks for arrhythmias and stroke for chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) were 1.6% and 0.8%, respectively. The yearly mortality and hospitalization rates for CCC were 2.7% and 17.1%, respectively. Only 13 patients had a documented antitrypanosomal therapy course within 6 months after diagnosis. Of those receiving treatment, 10 patients received benznidazole and three nifurtimox. Chagas disease screening in patients from endemic areas living in the United States remains crucial. Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy carries a considerable disease burden, translating into increased morbidity and mortality and an enlarging medical health service utilization.
El ejercicio físico y el paciente renal crónico
Authors: Moreno-Arroyo Mª Carmen , Hidalgo-Blanco Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2023

Durante estos últimos años estamos asistiendo a un rápido y continuo desarrollo tecnológico en las terapias de hemodiálisis (HD). Este hecho produce el consecuente aumento en la esperanza de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad renal terminal, aumentando la supervivencia y mejorando el alivio de los síntomas urémicos. Sin embargo, la debilidad que sufren estos pacientes es bien conocida; siendo la causante de que haya una tendencia a llevar un estilo de vida sedentario, pese a que existen estudios que refieren que el ejercicio durante la HD es seguro incluso en pacientes de edad avanzada con múltiples comorbilidades1. Por este motivo, uno de los pilares de la atención que debemos brindar a estos pacientes debe estar enfocada en proporcionar un mayor apoyo en el proceso de rehabilitación2. Esta falta de actividad física contribuye de forma significativa al incremento de la mortalidad por causas cardiovasculares, favoreciendo el desarrollo y la progresión de enfermedades crónicas tales como cardiopatías, hipertensión y diabetes3. Por ello, ya desde principios de los años 80, países como Estados Unidos iniciaron la implantación de programas de ejercicio físico durante la HD. Desde entonces muchos estudios refieren los beneficios del ejercicio tanto a nivel fisiológico, como funcional o psicológico4. Incluso varios estudios indican que el ejercicio podría mejorar la adecuación de la diálisis5-8 y aumentar la tasa de supervivencia a largo plazo9. Sin embargo, aunque la enfermería nefrológica española se ha interesado por el tema en diferentes foros, en España todavía hay escasez de investigaciones que implementen programas de ejercicio físico exclusivamente a pacientes en HD4. No obstante, la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica se ha hecho eco de este tema complementando la evidencia publicada hasta el momento mediante revisiones y artículos científicos10,11.
Editorial (Vol 17, Trimestre 4, 2014 )
Authors: Rollán de la Sota Mª Jesús
Published: September 2023

Queridos amigos, Tan solo ha pasado dos meses desde que se celebró nuestro Congreso anual y es ahora cuando podemos valorar los resultados. La preparación de un Congreso es, sin duda, un trabajo laborioso; por lo que, en primer lugar, debemos felicitar al comité organizador local por su magnífica labor. Un año más nos reunimos con mucho entusiasmo para compartir experiencias y ampliar horizontes profesionales a pesar de la tormenta económica, los recortes y los cambios en las condiciones laborales a los que ninguno de nosotros somos ajenos. Pero lo mejor de las tormentas es que nos dan la oportunidad de quedarnos quietos y reflexionar. Continua la borrasca económica que desde hace unos años se abate sobre las sociedades del bienestar y todos somos testigos de los resultados directos en nuestra familia, en el ámbito laboral y en el personal. Y las Sociedades del Conocimiento no somos ajenas a estos efectos y por ello debemos reactivarnos, fortaleciendo nuestra capacidad y desarrollando un protagonismo como grupo para impulsar cambios positivos en las situaciones que vivimos. En el campo de la atención de las personas con enfermedad renal, existe un exceso de información no contrastada y muchas veces confusa. Pacientes, familiares y profesionales necesitan orientación en esa jungla informativa y contar con formación seria y respaldada por grupos profesionales solventes e instituciones acreditadas.
Contemporary Manifestations in Art. Specifics and Challenges
Authors: Hristova – Popovska Tatyana
Published: September 2023

The article does not cover in detail and exhaustively the processes of contemporary fine art. An attempt is made to present the individual trends and phenomena, analyzing their specifics and peculiarities. The development is made on the basic of theoretical analysis and explores the huge variety of forms of manifestation in art, focusing on some of them: kinetic art, op art, pop art, conceptual art, land art, anti-art, unconventional art, ready-made, happening and action, performance, installation, assemblage. The choice was dictated based on personal experience and interest of students studying contemporary art. Through the research it is aimed that the mentioned creative manifestations become more understandable and familiar, to awaken curiosity for new and deeper developments, and why not creative interpretations.
Діяльність ЮНЕСКО у другій половині 1940-х – 1950-х рр. ХХ ст.
Authors: Пількевич В.О.
Published: September 2023

У статті досліджено діяльність Організації Об’єднаний Націй з питань освіти, науки і культури (ЮНЕСКО) у період другої половини 1940-х–1950-х років ХХ ст. Це початковий період роботи міжнародної організації, коли потрібно було врахувати досвід попередніх часів, визначити плани на майбутнє, знайти своє місце в системі міжнародних відносин. Відзначено, що відправною точкою діяльності ЮНЕСКО стала ратифікація Статуту, як основного документу будь-якої організації. Велика увага присвячена розгляду структурних елементів ЮНЕСКО, зокрема, Генеральній асамблеї, Виконавчій раді, Секретаріату, а також посаді генерального директора, яку займали в даний період часу представники з різних країн (Велика Британія, Мексика, Сполучені Штати Америки, Італія) і навіть континентів, підкреслюючи важливий акцент роботи Організації – рівність усіх, незалежно від мови, раси, релігії тощо. Тому доцільно було проаналізувати роль даних генеральних директорів у цей період часу. Після Другої світової війни починає виходити головне видання Організації «Кур’єр ЮНЕСКО», яке на своїх сторінках розкриває важливі питання, знайомить світове співтовариство з тими проблемами, які потребували найшвидшого вирішення. Особливий акцент у статті зроблено на питанні боротьби з расовою дискримінацією, яке було актуальним у політиці ЮНЕСКО з початку її створення. Галузь освіти завжди була у пріоритеті Організації, що підтверджує політика ЮНЕСКО: заохочення до безкоштовної початкової освіти, поширення грамотності, допомога країнам, рівний доступ до освіти тощо. А створення у 1953 р. мережі асоційованих шкіл ЮНЕСКО підкреслює спрямованість Організації на максимальне залучення освітніх закладів до поширення головних цінностей ЮНЕСКО.

Протягом даного періоду діяльності ЮНЕСКО з’являлися перші важливі документи, зокрема, варто згадати Конвенцію про захист культурних цінностей у випадку збройного конфлікту (1954 р.), що є однією з ключових у культурній сфері роботи Організації, ратифікація якої країнами доводить її необхідність у світі постійних конфліктів, війн, терористичних актів. УРСР стала членом ЮНЕСКО саме у 1954 р., долучившись до роботи міжнародної спільноти, пропонуючи різні проекти, приймаючи конвенції Організації.

Автор звернула увагу на важливу подію у роботі будь-якої міжнародної організації – відкриття штаб-квартири. Адже основне місцеперебування співробітників ЮНЕСКО з’явилося лише у 1958 р., чому передувала серйозна робота, підготовка, спільні зусилля архітекторів з різних країн, що призвело до появи цікавої будівлі Організації, яка була доповнена іншими спорудами в наступні роки.

Досліджено результати роботи ЮНЕСКО з часу створення і до кінця 50-х рр. ХХ ст., відзначено наявність планів на подальшу активну політику Організації для досягнення головних цілей.
Німецька східноєвропейська політика і «політика пам’яті» (1969-2022 рр.): непорозуміння із Східною Європою
Authors: Стельмах С.П.
Published: September 2023

Стаття присвячена еволюції німецької «нової східної політики» (1969-2022 рр.), яка визначала її зовнішньополітичні орієнтири в останні десятиліття і вважалася одним із найуспішніших проектів з моменту приходу до влади СДПН. Розглянуто зовнішні та внутрішні умови для її реалізації у 60-70-х рр. ХХ ст. Виявлено, що ця політика мала два етапи, які відрізнялися тим, що на першому етапі її головним пріоритетом була спроба вирішення «німецько-німецького» питання, а на другому, який почався з 80-х рр. ХХ ст. вона перетворилася на консервативну Realpolitik, яка зосереджувалася на вирішенні національних питань, що призводило до співпраці з комуністичними режимами в Східній Європі, нехтуванні демократичними та опозиційними рухами. Після об’єднання Німеччини і розпаду СРСР у 1991 р. ця політика не зазнала суттєвих змін і була автоматично перенесена на сучасну Росію. Раціоналізм, де на першому плані була вигідна торгівля, призвів до економічної залежності Німеччини від Росії. Доведено, що Ostpolitik була тісно пов’язана із німецькою «політикою пам’яті» в частині її відповідальності за жертви Другої світової війни.Ігнорування східноєвропейських країн у зовнішній політиці призводило до релятивації відповідальності перед їхніми жертвами, а компенсаторні практики поширювалися на сучасну Росію, яка ототожнювалася з колишнім СРСР. Це створило «білі плями» в «політиці пам’яті» і суспільному просторі.
Ліванська Республіка у 2005-2023 рр.: здобутки Кедрової революції та спадщина сирійської окупації (Частина І)
Authors: Зелінський А.Л.
Published: September 2023

На момент завершення Кедрової революції у червні 2005 р., остаточно визначилися як основні її здобутки, так і основні пережитки часів сирійської гегемонії. У першому випадку йдеться про виведення сирійських військ з території Ліванської Республіки, відродження демократичного ладу в країні та часткове подолання політичного конфесіоналізму; у другому – про збереження політичного фронту орієнтованого на авторитарні Сирію та Іран, подальше функціонування воєнізованого крила Хезболли, а також збереження впливу Сирії та Ірану на ліванське внутрішньополітичне життя.

Усі ці явища й нині є невід’ємними складовими ліванських реалій. До того ж відсутність сирійської окупації та недоторканість демократичного ладу можна пояснити як сприятливою зовнішньополітичною ситуацією, так і зацікавленістю у збереженні status quo з боку більшості ліванських політичних сил з Хезболлою й Амаль включно. Набули подальшого розвитку тенденції до подолання характерного для Лівану політичного конфесіоналізму. Зокрема, починаючи з середини минулого десятиліття, у Лівані розвивається новий позаконфесійний політичний рух так званого Громадянського суспільства.

Протягом 2005-2023 рр. зазнали змін і дореволюційні пережитки. Відбулося посилення просирійсько-проіранського політичного табору, котрий, щоправда нині почав дещо здавати свої позиції. Вищезгадане посилення слід пов’язувати зі збереженням воєнізованих формувань Хезболли, котрі безпосередньо чи опосередковано використовуються з метою досягнення політичних цілей цієї партії. Нарешті, не залишалася статичною й ситуація з опосередкованою сирійською та іранською політичною присутністю. Якщо до 2011 р. першість у цьому питанні належала Сирії, то за подальшого розвитку подій вона перейшла до Ірану, котрий діє через Хезболлу. Водночас, спадковий сирійський диктатор Б. аль-Асад, по мірі зміцнення становища у власній країні, намагається поновити вплив на ліванські справи.
Plasma selenium and zinc alter associations between nephrotoxic metals and chronic kidney disease: Results from NHANES database 2011–2018
Authors: Lin Cheng-Jui , Shih Hong-Mou , Wu Pei-Chen , Pan Chi-Feng , Lin Yun Hsi , Wu Chih-Jen
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition defined as a persistent change in kidney structure or function, or both, that compromises human health. Environmental exposure to heavy metals (e.g. cadmium, lead, arsenic and mercury) is common, and high exposure levels are known to cause nephrotoxicity. Micronutrients such as selenium and zinc are positively associated with better kidney function and renal outcomes. This study determined the associations between CKD and heavy metal exposures measured in blood or urine within a community-dwelling population, and assessed whether and how selenium and zinc modified the associations.

Method: Data were extracted from 4 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2011–2012, 2013–2014, 2015–2016 and 2017–2018).

Results: Univariate analysis showed that higher quartiles of plasma lead and cadmium concentration were more likely associated with CKD than the lowest quartile, and along with folate, were linked to greater odds of CKD. Conversely, as plasma selenium and serum zinc increased, the odds of CKD decreased. Multivariate analysis had similar results after adjusting for relevant confounders. Higher plasma cadmium quartiles were associated with higher odds of CKD. Associations between higher quartiles of plasma selenium and serum zinc were significantly associated with lower odds of CKD.

Conclusion: Elevated blood levels of heavy metals increase CKD, whereas elevated concentrations of plasma selenium and serum zinc decrease CKD. A high serum zinc concentration appears to interact with low-toxicity heavy metals to reduce CKD risk. This study suggests that increased selenium and zinc in the body along with avoidance of heavy metal exposures could protect against CKD.
O ESPAÇO ESCOLAR E AS “ALFAIAS” PARA O ENSINO INICIAL DA LEITURA PELO MÉTODO PORTUGUÊS DE ANTÓNIO FELICIANO DE CASTILHO
Authors: Castro Cesar Augusto , Boto Carlota , Magalhães Justino Pereira de
Published: September 2023

Este artigo objetivo analisar os espaços escolares e as alfaias para   proposto por António Feliciano de Castilho para ser adotado nas escolas portuguesas e brasileiras. Para tanto, utilizamos como fonte as obras escritas pelo autor. Descrevemos, em princípio os fundamentos teóricos que orientam a compreensão sobre a temática da cultura material escolar e, em seguida, descrevemos aspectos biográficos e a circulação do seu método no país de origem e no Brasil. Por fim, analisamos os espaços e os artefatos a serem adotados nas escolas para a aplicação da sua proposta do ensino inicial leitura, da escrita e do bem falar de forma rápida e aprazível. Concluímos, que os objetos se constituíam em requisitos necessários para a aplicação e efetividade do método.
“PRECISA DA AJUDA DE ALGUÉM QUE JÁ SABE”: SENTIDOS DE CRIANÇAS NÃO ALFABETIZADAS SOBRE A MEDIAÇÃO NOS PROCESSOS DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: França Ana Clarissa Gomes de , Lopes Denise Maria de Carvalho , Dantas Elaine Luciana Sobral
Published: September 2023

O texto discute sentidos atribuídos por crianças que não conseguiram se alfabetizar após os três primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental sobre o processo de alfabetização. Como parte de um estudo mais amplo que envolve outros eixos de significações, o recorte põe em destaque o que as crianças compreendem como sendo necessário para que possam aprender, bem como o que dificulta suas aprendizagens. A pesquisa assume uma perspectiva qualitativa e se orienta por princípios da abordagem histórico-cultural e do dialogismo de M. Bakhtin (FREITAS, 2003). Dos dados construídos mediante entrevistas com cinco crianças de escolas públicas emerge a mediação pedagógica como condição à interação criança-escrita e às possibilidades de apropriação de suas dimensões de sistema de representação e de linguagem – produção discursiva.
O IMPACTO DOS ESTUDOS DE MAGDA SOARES NO CAMPO DO LETRAMENTO DIGITAL
Authors: Vieira Araújo Mônica Daisy
Published: September 2023

Magda Soares teve um grande impacto nos estudos relacionados à alfabetização, à leitura e à escrita em suporte digital, haja vista a repercussão de seu único artigo sobre o tema, publicado em 2002, intitulado Novas Práticas de Leitura e Escrita: Letramento na Cibercultura. Segundo dados do perfil da autora no Google Acadêmico, de 2005 a 2023, o artigo possui 1.532 citações. Ressalta-se que, no perfil disponível para verificação das métricas de citações, esse artigo se encontra em quarto lugar no ranking das publicações de Magda Soares. Em primeiro lugar, com 7.101 citações, está o livro Letramento um Tema em Três Gêneros, seguido do artigo Letramento e Alfabetização as Muitas Facetas, com 2.250 citações, e o livro Linguagem e Escola – uma Perspectiva Social, com 1.885 citações. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as contribuições de Magda Soares para a definição de letramento digital, bem como mapear a repercussão do artigo Novas Práticas de Leitura e Escrita: Letramento na Cibercultura no campo dos estudos sobre letramento digital. Os dados foram analisados a partir das métricas: estado, país, ano de publicação, área de conhecimento e editora. A análise realizada demonstra a relevância da pesquisadora, no campo dos estudos sobre letramento digital no Brasil, e também o impacto de sua obra em outras áreas de conhecimento que se intercruzam com a temática tecnologia digital na educação.
Financial Services Tribunal Decisions: Singh v Marsh Proprietary Limited and Another Case number FSP57/2022; [2023] ZAFST 39 (12 April 2023)
Authors: Millard Daleen
Published: September 2023

None
Cases: PWR v Discovery Life Limited and Another (Leave to Appeal) 2023 JDR 1428 (GJ)
Authors: Millard Daleen
Published: September 2023

None
Cases: Discovery Insure Limited v Masindi 2023 JDR 2092 (SCA)
Authors: Millard Daleen
Published: September 2023

None
Effectiveness of a Facility-Based Health Education Intervention on Utilization of Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Services among Women of Reproductive Age in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Maingi Nancy , Keraka Margaret , Makworo Drusilla
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) is the most important intervention to improve maternal survival. The study assessed facility based health education intervention on utilization of Emergency Obstetrics and Newborn care services.

Methodology The study was a randomized control trial and utilized a mixed method. Multistage sampling was used. Key informants were purposefully selected Allocation to each study group was done on a 1:1 ratio; hence each group had 191 participants. The sample size was determined by Kelsey et al 1996 formula for calculation of sample size for randomized controlled trials and in order to take care of attrition 10% increase was done hence the sample size was 382 women. Pregnant mothers 26-32 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Structured questionnaire, focused group discussion and key informant interview schedules used. A pre-test was conducted at Kuresoi North Sub County.  To ensure validity, research assistants were trained on the various research instruments. Descriptive statistics Fisher’s exact test at bivariate and odds ratio at multivariate analysis level were computed. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic content analysis. Ethical approval for the research was sought from the K.U research ethical committee, the National council for Science and Technology and Ministry of health. Informed consent was obtained from respondent prior to the study.

Results: The intervention group had 95.93% (n =165) utilization of EmONC services in comparison to the control arm 75.29% (n = 128). There was no significance difference in the control group from base line to final survey OR 1.209, CI 0.742 to 1.969 and P-value 0.446. From the study findings the chances of EmONC services utilization after intervention was high. Those that received the intervention were seven times likely to utilize than those that did not receive the health education with an OR 7.734, 95% CI 3.363 to 17.787 and a P-value < 0.001 when we compare the intervention group and the control group.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Administration of Health education is crucial in the utilization of EmONC services thus improving maternal mortality and morbidity. This study concurs with the Theory of Planned Behavior and the theory of Reasoned Action. Health education intervention may change the behavior intention of the client hence influencing utilization of EmONC services. It is recommended stakeholders to come up with a well-structured health education program in all regions of Kenya to improve emergency obstetric and newborn care services utilization.
Bahasa Inggris sebagai Bahasa Komunikasi Bisnis di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Siregar Usmala Dewi
Published: September 2023

Bahasa Inggris merupakan hal yang umum di era globalisasi seperti sekarang ini. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa kelemahan dari sumber daya manusia Indonesia, terutama kesadaran bahwa Bahasa Inggris dapat meningkatkan peluang karir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki persepsi pebisnis dan karyawan terhadap pentingnya bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa komunikasi bisnis di era globalisasi. Dari 99 pebisnis dan karyawan, 50 pebisnis dan karyawan di perusahan swasta ikut dalam penelitian ini. Setelah pengamatan selama seminggu dilaksanakan, kuesioner dibagikan. Setelah hasil kuisioner ditabulasikan, dilakukan wawancara semi terstruktur untuk menggali lebih jauh persepsi pebisnis dan karyawan tentang pentingnya bahasa inggris sebagai bahasa komunikasi di era globalisasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Bahasa Inggris sangat berdampak positif bagi pebisnis dan karyawan seperti  mempermudah dan membantu akses terhadap informasi global, meningkatkan peluang karir, meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dalam berkomunikasi, menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan, serta memahami kondisi bisnis internasional. Beberapa implikasi dari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa komunikasi disajikan dan didiskusikan. keterlibatan dan tantangan berbicara dan memahami pebisnis dan karyawan juga dicari untuk diuraikan.
İSLAM FELSEFESİNDE ÖLÜMSÜZLÜK
Authors: Duran Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Çalışma kapsamında islâm felsefesinin en önemli temsilcilerinden olan Farabi, İbn Sînâ, İhvân-ı Safa ve Sühreverdî’nin nefsin bekası, ölümsüzlüğü hakkında savunduğu görüşleri kısa ve öz bir şekilde ifade edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Bahsi geçen islâm filozoflarının nefsin bekası hakkındaki görüşleri birbirlerine benzerlik arz etmektedir. Filozoflarımıza göre nefs/ruh ölüm sonrası bedenden ayrılıp bir şekilde varlığını devam ettirmekte ve ölümsüzlüğe ulaşmaktadır. Bu dört filozofa göre ruh/nefis ölümle birlikte bedenden ayrılınca tekrar cismanî bir şekilde değil de rûhanî bir surette ölümsüzlüğü kazanır. Fakat bu ölümsüzlük kemâle eren nefisler içindir. Kemâle ermeyen nefisler hakkında filozoflarımızın farklı açıklamaları vardır. Bu mesele malum olduğu üzere imam Gazalî’nin ve cismanî dirilişi savunan birçok islâm âliminin tenkitlerine maruz kalmıştır. Ayrıca nefsin/ruhun ölümle birlikte bedenden ayrıldıktan sonra ruhanî olarak varlığını devam ettirmesi düşüncesi geleneksel İslâm düşüncesindeki cismani diriliş/haşir anlayışı ile pek uyuşmamaktadır. Bu sebeple filozoflarımızın ruhun bedenden ayrıldıktan sonra nasıl bâki kalacağı hakkındaki görüşleri açık bir şekilde ifade edilememiştir. Biz bu çalışmamızda ölümsüzlüğü kazanan yani iyi ve erdemli nefislerin bedenden ayrıldıktan sonraki durumlarını ele aldık. Zira amacımız filozofların bu konudaki düşüncelerinin benzer olduğunu ortaya çıkarmaktır. Fakat yetkinliğe ulaşamayan nefisler hakkında, görüşlerini ele aldığımız filozoflarımızın farklı düşünceleri bulunmaktadır. Bu ise bahsimiz dışındadır.
MUHAMMED GAZZÂLÎ’NİN ESERLERİNDE KONULU TEFSİR
Authors: Şahin Süleyman
Published: September 2023

Yirminci yüzyılda yaşayan Mısırlı âlim Muhammed Gazzâlî (1917-1996), davetçi ve ıslahatçı kimliğinin yanında, tefsir ilminde yeni bir yöntem olan “Konulu Tefsir” çalışmalarının öncülerinden birisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Gazzâlî’ye göre, gerek Kur’ânî bir konu veya kavramı gerekse herhangi bir sûreyi, bir bütün olarak anlayabilmek için, her bir ilim dalının ve hatta bunların alt disiplinlerinin bile ihtisaslaştığı çağımızda, konulu tefsir çalışmalarına şiddetle ihtiyaç vardır. Çünkü tefsir ve Kur’ânî araştırmalar alanındaki bu yeni yöntem, hem ilgili konu ya da kavramın geçtiği âyetlerin derinliklerine dalınmasına hem de ilgili sûrenin ayrıntılı olarak incelenmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Gazzâlî, 1957 yılında yazdığı Nazarât fi’l-Kur’ân ve daha sonra yazdığı İlel ve Edviye ile Sirru Taahhuri’l ‘Arab ve’l Müslimîn gibi eserlerinde, konu ya da kavram çalışmalarına dair örnekler sunmuştur. el-Mehâviru’l-Hamse li’l-Kur’ân adlı eserinde Kur’ân’a ait beş ana konuyu konulu tefsir metoduyla tefsir etmiştir. Hayatının son demlerinde, bütün ilmî birikiminin bir hasılası olan ve Kur’an sûrelerinin tamamını tefsir ettiği, Nahve Tefsirin Mevzû‘iyyin li-süveri’l-Kur’âni’l-Kerim adlı eserini ise sûre çerçeveli konulu tefsir yöntemine göre yazmıştır. Şüphesiz Gazzâlî’den önce ve sonra konulu tefsir metoduyla kitap yazan birçok âlim bulunmaktadır. Fakat o derin düşüncesi, Kur’ân’a yaklaşımı, inceleme, karşılaştırma, ayetler arasındaki bağlantıyı belirleme ve tercihte aklı kullanması ile temayüz etmiştir. Konulu tefsir alanında verdiği eserlerinde üslubunun güzelliği, kolaylığı ve edebî eşsizliği ile bu alanda daha önce eser verenlerden ayrıcalıklı bir konuma yükselmiştir. Biz bu makalemizde, kısaca konulu tefsir metodu hakkında bilgi verdikten sonra, Gazzâlî’nin eserlerinde takip ettiği konulu tefsir metodunu analitik bir bakış açısıyla incelemeye çalışacağız. Bir İslam âlimi olarak problemlere çözüm üretmedeki yaklaşımının/yönteminin ne olduğunun cevabını bulmaya gayret edeceğiz.
O ensino superior para os povos indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Eloy Amado Simone
Published: September 2023

Este livro está estruturado em três capítulos, além da introdução, da conclusão e dos anexos. No primeiro, faço uma reflexão sobre o histórico dos povos indígenas no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Embora Bittencourt e Ladeira (2000) dividam a história do povo Terena em três momentos (tempos antigos, ainda no Êxiva; tempos de servidão; e tempos atuais), tal divisão tem sido atualmente questionada por nós, pesquisadores Terena, que estamos reescrevendo a história de nosso povo. Os Kadiwéu, Guató, Ofayé, Kaiowá, Guarani e Terena somam, no total, pouco mais de 73 mil indígenas, segundo o Censo de 2010 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). O segundo capítulo consiste na análise dos relatos de experiências de desafios e superações desses jovens acadêmicos dentro das diversas universidades do estado. Inicialmente, pontuo os programas e as políticas de apoio aos universitários indígenas dentro das universidades e as formas como eles foram superando os desafios na nova etapa de suas vidas, principalmente no que se refere à necessidade de se transferir para os centros urbanos. Trago relatos de experiências vivenciadas por indígenas que sofreram toda forma de privação enquanto concluíam seus cursos, o que não os fez desistir de seu sonho. No segundo capítulo também narro os eventos acadêmicos nos quais os indígenas foram protagonistas, articulando-se politicamente, e de que maneira foram construindo sua autonomia. No terceiro capítulo abordo o percurso e as trajetórias dos egressos indígenas após a saída da universidade, com toda a bagagem de conhecimentos que levam consigo, e o modo como contribuem com seu povo, sua aldeia e o movimento dos povos indígenas de MS. Procuro mostrar como esses jovens estão se inserindo no mercado de trabalho e o cotidiano dos profissionais que estão empregados e atuando. Falo, ainda, da forma como é feita a festa pelo título recebido e a benção pelo Hainaiti Koixomuneti (Grande Pajé) e pelas anciãs da aldeia. É de suma importância falar do significado deste retorno para os líderes tribais e como eles gostariam que ele se desse. Antes de entrar no tema dos egressos indígenas, creio ser relevante apresentar o cenário dos povos indígenas do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e conhecer as lutas que levaram à conquista de uma educação específica e diferenciada em consequência do movimento pelo acesso ao Ensino Superior.
Financing of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises: Correlation-regression analysis
Authors: Tanklevska Natalia , Cherniavska Tetiana , Skrypnyk Svitlana , Boiko Viktoriia , Karnaushenko Alla
Published: September 2023

The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that financing is a key element of the effective economic activity of agricultural enterprises and the industry as a whole, its food security and the restoration of the work of agricultural enterprises, especially amidst a full-scale war and in the post-war period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the obtained net profit (loss) and the sources of financing of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine for 2014-the first half of 2023. The study used general scientific methods (analysis of the dynamics of the volume of financing sources (equity, loans, capital investments, state aid, and deposits), analysis of the net profit of agricultural enterprises, formation of the structure of financing sources, determination of growth rates of indicators), and specific research methods (correlation analysis and multivariate regression method). The authors of the study suggested using the method of correlation-regression analysis with further forecasting of indicators using Chaddock’s tables, Fisher’s and Student’s tests. The correlationregression analysis established that a decisive share in financial support is own capital, while the smallest share is state aid. But in connection with the full-scale war in the country and limited own resources, the authors of the study proposed to involve bank loans and state aid more widely in their own economic activities. A correlationregression analysis was developed to identify the dependence of the financial results of agricultural enterprises (net profit (loss)) and their sources of financing for 2014-2021, a regression equation was developed, and a forecast of the possible net profit (loss) of agricultural enterprises for the future period of 2023-2027 was made. The practical value of the findings is that these results can be used by the host activities of the agricultural enterprise of Ukraine and during the development by state bodies of the Strategy for the Development of the Agricultural Sector and their support programs
ORYANTALİST GÖRÜŞLERİ ELEŞTİRİ AÇISINDAN İSLÂM-TÜRK ANSİKLOPEDİSİ
Authors: KOCABIYIK Yunus
Published: September 2023

Oryantalistler İslam dini hakkında birçok araştırma yapmış ve bunların neticesinde fikirlerini ortaya koymuştur. Oryantalistlerin İslam dini hakkında fikirlerini bir araya getiren ve ülkemizde de Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından tercüme edilmesi sağlanarak yayınlanan İslam Ansiklopedisi bu çalışmaların en başta gelenlerinden biri olmuştur. Bu eser içerisinde yer alan oryantalistlerin iddialarına İslam dünyasının farklı kesimlerinden itirazlar yöneltilmiştir. Ülkemizde yayınlanan ancak sadece iki cildi basılan İslâm-Türk Ansiklopedisi de bu itirazların dile getirildiği yayınlardan biridir. İslâm-Türk Ansiklopedisi içerisinde yer alan bazı maddelerde, maddenin en sonunda oryantalistlerin iddialarına cevap vermek amacıyla ayrı bir başlık açılmış, burada oryantalistlerin iddiaları ve bunlara verilen cevaplara yer verilmiştir. İslâm-Türk Ansiklopedisi içerisinde oryantalistlerin hangi iddialarına ne şekilde cevap verildiği bu çalışmanın temel konusudur. İslâm-Türk Ansiklopedisi içerisinde oryantalistlere cevapların olduğu tespit edilen beş madde, oryantalistlerin iddiaları ve ansiklopedide yer alan cevaplar ile birlikte değerlendirilmektedir. Bu iddialar ve cevapların ilk defa bilimsel açıdan değerlendirilmesi çalışmamızı önemli kılmaktadır. Ayrıca bu hususun yanında iddia ve cevaplarda kullanılan dilin bilimsel ve ahlaki açıdan incelenmesi de çalışmamızın bir diğer konusu olmuştur.
Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Battery Technologies: Advancements and Challenges
Authors: Jerry A. Madrid
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the ever-evolving realm of electric and hybrid vehicle battery technologies, encompassing their advancements, challenges, and profound implications. Lithium-ion batteries, renowned for their heightened energy density and extended life cycles, serve as the cornerstone of electric and hybrid vehicles. Ongoing research endeavors drive innovations such as silicon anodes and solid-state electrolytes, offering the promise of improved efficiency and performance. Nonetheless, substantial hurdles emerge, including the scarcity and price volatility of critical materials like cobalt and nickel, which have the potential to obstruct the scalability of electric vehicles. Environmental concerns associated with battery production and disposal necessitate sustainable solutions, while energy density limitations persist, impacting driving range and charging times and urging the pursuit of breakthroughs. These technologies are reshaping the automotive sector, driven by global emissions regulations and incentives that accelerate the transition toward cleaner transportation. Electric and hybrid vehicles hold the potential to significantly curtail greenhouse gas emissions and combat air pollution, aligning seamlessly with worldwide sustainability objectives. Addressing these challenges is pivotal to fully realizing the potential of electric and hybrid vehicle battery technologies, paving the way for a cleaner and more ecologically mindful era of transportation.
O prazer de ver, entender, expressar e inventar... Em matemática, é claro!
Authors: Moretti Méricles Thadeu
Published: September 2023

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Tante M wirbt um Franchisenehmer
Authors: Stockburger Manfred
Published: September 2023

Die Wachstumspläne sind beachtlich: Ende 2024 soll es 100 Tante-M-Läden geben, aktuell sind es 45. Alleine kann Gründer Christian Maresch das angepeilte Wachstum aber nicht stemmen.
Debitkarten ärgern Kunden
Authors: Rode Jörg
Published: September 2023

Die Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverband kritisiert Banken, die an ihre Kunden keine Girocards mehr ausgeben. Laut VZBV beschweren sich Verbraucher, dass die als Ersatz ausgegebenen Debitkarten von Visa und Mastercard an vielen Orten nicht akzeptiert werden.
The combined effects of probiotic CLOSTAT® and Aviboost® supplement on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and immune response of broiler chickens
Authors: Abed Ahmed H. , Radwan smail A. , Orabi Ahmed , Abdelaziz Khaled T.
Published: September 2023

The present study assessed the effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic CLOSTAT®, alone or in combination with Aviboost® supplement, on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, and immune response in broiler chickens. A total of 600 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into three groups: G1 (non-treated negative control group), G2 (probiotic CLOSTAT®- and Aviboost®-treated group), and G3 (probiotic CLOSTAT®- treated group). Feed intake and mean body weight were measured weekly for all groups. Sera were collected for cytokine analysis, and duodenal samples were also collected for histomorphological examination. The results revealed that the mean body weight gain was significantly increased to 2.25 and 2.2 kg/bird in G2 and G3, respectively, compared to 1.95 kg/bird in G1. Similarly, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved to 1.56 and 1.59 in G2 and G3, respectively, compared to 1.8 in G1. Serum interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-6 protein concentrations were significantly increased in G2 and G3 compared to G1. Furthermore, the absorptive cells of the villi revealed structural changes, including hyperplasia and increased goblet cell population and microvilli height, in G2 and G3 compared to G1. The lamina propria of duodenal villi in G2 and G3 showed increased cellularity at 22 days of age. In conclusion, the individual supplementation of CLOSTAT® and Aviboost® led to enhanced performance, intestinal morphology, and immune response. While their simultaneous supplementation slightly improved the body weight gain and FCR but did not exhibit synergistic or additive effects on intestinal morphology and systemic immune response.
TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF AI AND MACHINE LEARNING APPLICATIONS IN ADVANCING MATERIALS DISCOVERY AND PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Authors: Nwakamma Ninduwezuor-Ehiobu  , Olawe Alaba Tula  , Chibuike Daraojimba  , Kelechi Anthony Ofonagoro  , Oluwaseun Ayo Ogunjobi  , Joachim Osheyor Gidiagba  , Blessed Afeyokalo Egbokhaebho  , Adeyinka Alex Banso
Published: September 2023

This research paper examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in advancing materials discovery and production processes. The paper explores the historical evolution of AI and ML techniques, their application in materials science, challenges and limitations, emerging technologies, and ethical considerations. Key findings highlight how AI and ML accelerate materials discovery, optimize production processes, and enhance quality control. Emerging technologies such as generative models, reinforcement learning, and AI integration with experimental techniques are discussed. Ethical considerations encompass data privacy, intellectual property, job displacement, bias mitigation, transparency, and human-AI collaboration. The implications for the future underscore the profound impact of AI and ML on materials science, enabling faster discovery, efficient production, and novel material development.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Materials Discovery, Materials Production, Generative Models, Reinforcement Learning, Data Privacy, Ethical Considerations.
Morphological features and water solubility of iron in aged fine aerosol particles over the Indian Ocean
Authors: Ueda Sayako , Iwamoto Yoko , Taketani Fumikazu , Liu Mingxu , Matsui Hitoshi
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric transport of iron (Fe) in fine anthropogenic aerosol
particles is an important route of soluble Fe supply from continental areas
to remote oceans. To elucidate Fe properties of aerosol particles over
remote oceans, we collected atmospheric aerosol particles over the Indian
Ocean during the RV Hakuho Maru KH-18-6 cruise. After aerosol particles were collected
using a cascade impactor, particles of 0.3–0.9 µm aerodynamic diameter
on the sample stage were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry analyzer. The particle
shape and composition indicated that most particles collected north of the
Equator were composed mainly of ammonium sulfate. Regarding the particle
number fraction, 0.6 %–3.0 % of particles contained Fe, which mostly
co-existed with sulfate. Of those particles, 26 % of Fe occurred as metal
spheres, often co-existing with Al or Si, regarded as fly ash; 14 % as
mineral dust; and 7 % as iron oxide aggregates. Water dialysis analyses of
TEM samples indicated Fe in spherical fly ash as being almost entirely insoluble
and Fe in other morphological-type particles as being partly soluble (65 % Fe
mass on average). Global model simulations mostly reproduced observed Fe
mass concentrations in particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) collected using a high-volume air sampler,
including their north–south contrast during the cruise. In contrast, a
marked difference was found between the simulated mass fractions of Fe
mineral sources and the observed Fe types. For instance, the model
underestimated anthropogenic aluminosilicate (illite and kaolinite) Fe
contained in matter such as fly ash from coal combustion. Our observations
revealed multiple shapes and compositions of Fe minerals in particles over
remote ocean areas and further suggested that their solubilities after
aging processes differ depending on their morphological and mineral types.
Proper consideration of such Fe types at their sources is necessary for
accurately estimating atmospheric Fe effects on marine biological activity.
Surface ozone over the Tibetan Plateau controlled by stratospheric intrusion
Authors: Yin Xiufeng , Rupakheti Dipesh , Zhang Guoshuai , Luo Jiali , Kang Shichang , de Foy Benjamin , Yang Junhua , Ji Zhenming , Cong Zhiyuan , Rupakheti Maheswar , Li Ping , Hu Yuling , Zhang Qianggong
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau is a global hotspot of stratospheric intrusion, and elevated
surface ozone was observed at ground monitoring sites. Still, links between
the variability of surface ozone and stratospheric intrusion at the regional
scale remain unclear. This study synthesized ground measurements of surface
ozone over the Tibetan Plateau and analyzed their seasonal variations. The
monthly mean surface ozone concentrations over the Tibetan Plateau peaked
earlier in the south in April and May and later in the north in June and July. The
migration of monthly surface ozone peaks was coupled with the synchronous
movement of tropopause folds and the westerly jet that created
conditions conducive to stratospheric ozone intrusion. Stratospheric ozone intrusion
significantly contributed to surface ozone across the Tibetan Plateau,
especially in the areas with high surface ozone concentrations during their
peak-value month. We demonstrated that monthly variation of surface ozone
over the Tibetan Plateau is mainly controlled by stratospheric intrusion,
which warrants proper consideration in understanding the atmospheric chemistry
and the impacts of ozone over this highland region and beyond.