bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Domestic Debt and Economic Growth of Nigeria
Authors:   National Centre for Technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, OMIMAKINDE John Akintayo
Published: June 2022

Nigeria is one of the most highly indebted countries that have low income growth and low per capita income. Government seems to lack the potentials to generate revenue domestically to meet up with developmental goals and other national in order to attain the desire economic growth. Hence government resorts to borrowing. The paper examines the relationship between domestic debt and economic growth in Nigeria. The results reveal that domestic debt does not have significant impact on economic growth in the short run but significant negative impact in the long-run. The government should therefore monitor the disbursement of loan on real growth- enhancing capital projects instead of recurrent expenditure. Also, government should formulate policies aimed at increasing her ability to generate more revenue to meet her expenditure demand.
Economic Development and Economic Growth: Case Study
Authors:   The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Nastu Alexandra-Ana-Maria
Published: June 2022

The paper motion to differentiate the terms of economic growth and economic development, the first being a quantitative component of the second one. Economic development also has a qualitative element on the quality of life or living conditions. We propose a case study to compare the level of economic growth measured by GDP with that of economic development, measured by several indicators, that would cover aspects of quality of life, beside having GDP to cover the quantitative aspect. The database is composed from World Bank for countries on 3 continents, the purpose being to cluster the countries according to their level of development, respectively economic growth. For the given data set, the results prove to be identical for both studies, i.e. grouping by the levels of economic development could have been done only based on GDP.
Acceleration Programs For Entrepreneurship Growth and Development on Community-Based Telematic Creative Industry in Malang Raya
Authors:   Department of Management, University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, Supanto Fajar
Published: June 2022

The shift from the information economy to the creative economy has brought the creative industry as one of the sectors that make a major contribution to the economy of a country. This research was conducted with the aim of developing a program for accelerating the growth and development of entrepreneurship in the creative telematics industry in the Greater Malang area. The research was conducted on the creative industry community, local government agencies, business actors, and academics. Data collection techniques using interviews, focus group discussions, direct observation, and documentation. The data were analysed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The research concludes that the training in the field of telematics is a major need, in addition to assistance, facilitation and aid. The priority training programs that need to be carried out are 3D animation training, financial management training, marketing management training, cinematographic production training, digital motion pictures training, photography design training, managing files & programs training, and web design training. This research provides some policy recommendations for government, business, academic or intellectual, and telematics communities.
The McDonaldization of Public Services: A Case Study of City Hospitals in Turkey
Authors: SÖYLER Mert
Published: June 2022

A huge-scale transformation and neoliberalization of the Turkish healthcare system is happening under the rule of AKP, and the city hospitals as a public-private partnership model constitutes the centerpiece of this transformation. The “effectiveness” argument is utilized both by politicians and financial actors to promote the role of the private sector in the management of public services as in the case of city hospitals. This paper argues that the McDonaldization thesis of George Ritzer can help analyze the transnational nature of neoliberalization of the Turkish healthcare system, and features of McDonaldization, most notably the irrationality of rationality through the argument of effectiveness can explain the transformative role of city hospitals in the healthcare system. Moreover, as a general theoretical observation, it is argued that neoliberal transformation and McDonaldization of public services lead to broader sociopolitical consequences by deteriorating the public service ethos.
Public Opinion of WA Residents on Free-range Parenting and Its Legal Implications on Child Neglect
Authors: Huang Ruoya , Barry Lauren , Niehl Sam , Springer Rielly , Mader Elizabeth , Maloney Tara
Published: June 2022

Free-range parenting is the practice of giving children more freedom to act independently. However, in recent years, many proponents of this practice got into legal trouble or faced social criticism for being neglectful and were labeled as “bad parents.” Most of them are low-income families that cannot afford babysitters. Others are well-off parents that advocate for fostering independence. Nevertheless, their actions incurred various consequences due to their socioeconomic status as helicopter parenting becomes increasingly popular. The lack of specific laws to clarify the difference between neglectful parenting and free-range parenting cause poorer or uneducated parents to suffer from serious legal charges unjustly. Washington is among those states that have not updated its laws to keep up with the heated debate over parenting preference, so gathering input from WA residents on this topic is essential for highlighting the controversy and providing necessary insights into the social trend to inform the policymakers when evaluating and amending neglect laws. 222 WA residents were conveniently selected to answer a 30+ question survey over two months. This study found that younger generations, high-income parents, and people with higher education are more disapproving of free-range parenting. It was also found that average WA residents believe parents have the responsibility to always accompany children under 12 years old, presenting a more conservative/pro-helicopter parenting preference. The reasons behind the inclination were explored. Based on those results, the researchers discussed legal recommendations for the WA legislature to reduce ambiguity to better protect parental rights while sustainably alleviating child neglect.
Linear Function Approximation as a Resource Efficient Method to Solve the Travelling Salesman Problem
Authors: Guang Rolan , Khodadian Sajad
Published: June 2022

This paper presents an approach to combinatorial optimization problems using linear function approximation (LFA) to solve the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). We create a reinforcement learning model in which we parameterize our policy using linear function approximation instead of the more commonly used neural networks. We then evaluated our models based on two factors: training time and optimality. When we compared our results with a state-of-the-art neural network solver, we found that our model was able to solve the TSP accurately while using drastically less computational resources and time to train than the neural network algorithm (Kool et al., 2019).
Indoor Point Cloud Registration Process Using ICP Algorithm
Authors: Chang Youngwoo , Bartlett Nate
Published: June 2022

In this paper, there are three major sections covered. The paper begins with the explanation of the Lidar sensor, which is a device that uses one or more lasers to measure distances from itself to objects in the world. Such a measurement can be represented as a point cloud, which is a set of (x,y,z) values for every surface that the laser(s) irradiate. Then, the theory of rigid transformations, including the covariance matrix, the translation matrix, and how the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) can decompose the covariance matrix between two point-clouds to obtain the rotation matrix relating them. In addition, the concept of Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is explored and tested, along with the SVD algorithm, by using the Stanford bunny data sets. Finally, the ICP algorithm is used to combine two different Lidar scans of an office room together to see its effectiveness in a real-world environment.
Can the United States' Google Search Algorithm be Reflective of Implicit Racial Bias?
Authors: Aleandre Myles , De Los Reyes Markia
Published: June 2022

Given the sociological consensus of systemic and implicit racial bias in many American institutions, the interactions of those systems and their sources with computer science and algorithms, specifically Google Search, are largely unknown. The current literature aiming to research the relationship between implicit bias and computer algorithms, such as “Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism” by Dr. Safiya Noble and “Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code” by Professor Ruha Benjamin, seems to demonstrate that there is evidence or precedence of computer algorithms having implicit racial bias. Given the current state of the literature on this topic, this study aims to demonstrate whether the United States’ Google Search algorithm is reflective of implicit racial bias.

 

With the hypothesis that the United States’ Google Search algorithm is reflective of implicit racial bias, in order to test this hypothesis, the method would require the collection of data, mean search times, the organization of data into normal distributions, and the use of statistical analysis, hypothesis testing, to determine an algorithmic bias. The results suggest that with specific occupational search queries, Google’s search algorithm seems to have faster mean search times for white occupational search queries than racial minority occupational search queries and tend to be significantly different from occupational search queries and White occupational search queries. Given the evidence performed by hypothesis testing, this research paper assertively concludes that the United States’ Google search algorithm is reflective of implicit racial bias.
Manufacturing Firms Leaving China and Moving into Southeast Asia
Authors: Chi Eudora , Cavnar Tim
Published: June 2022

Over the past twenty years, a growing number of manufacturing firms have left China. This paper explains the three principal reasons behind this exodus: disadvantages of Chinese manufacturing, US-China trade-war tariffs, and manufacturers’ emphasis on diversification. This study analyzes the current trend with an economic model to examine the relationship between manufacturing firms and the Southeast Asian host countries. As foreign direct investment (FDI) tends to shift from higher to lower-cost regions, manufacturing firms are now leaving China and moving into Southeast Asia. This paper also suggests the option of reshoring and manufacturers’ concerns about moving. This paper is useful for investors in the manufacturing industry.
Increase in Stress and Post-Traumatic Stress During 6 Month Quarantine in Various Demographics
Authors: Padilla Claire
Published: June 2022

Due to the Coronavirus, people have quarantined for periods of at least six months all over the world. In the United States, there have been over six hundred thousand Coronavirus deaths and over 33 million cases of COVID-19 as of May 2021(World O Meter 2021). When the pandemic first struck, 23 million people in the U. S. lost their jobs. Today's unemployment rate is higher than it was during the Great Depression, which lasted from the 1920s to the late 1930s. People are stressed about COVID, according to John Hopkins (Maguire 2020), and they encourage people to find coping mechanisms. When a person is stressed, they experience physical or emotional tension (MedlinePlus 2020). Since coping can have a detrimental effect on the immune system, coping in necessary (Maguire 2020). This study sought to determine whether people aged 18 and up experienced a rise in stress levels during a 6-month quarantine period. Then, based on the Impact of Event Scale - Revised  (IES-R) score, this study would determine which coping mechanism, if any, is most successful in alleviating quarantine-induced stress. It was found that there was a significant increase in stress levels after a six-month quarantine period with a confidence level of 95% and a p-value of 0.00000031. The data also showed that there was not a significant difference in the stress levels between varying coping mechanisms with a p-value of 0.23. It is recommended to use a coping mechanism, all coping mechanisms are effective when matched properly to each individual.
Fibonacci Sequence and Art: The Measure of Utilization During Art Movements in European History
Authors: Schreiber Annelise , Pedersen Jennifer
Published: June 2022

The goal of this study was to examine paintings from three different art movements--the Renaissance, Baroque, and Romantic eras--and determine if there were differences in the observed usage of the Fibonacci sequence during each period. By doing this, I hoped to further the understanding of the techniques and characteristics of paintings made during these art movements. Prior research shows that the Fibonacci sequence has been noticed in some major Renaissance pieces, such as the Mona Lisa and the Vitruvian Man; however, there is no apparent research done specifically on how this mathematical principle has appeared in other art movements, nor are there any existing comparisons made between art movements in regard to utilization of this sequence. Data was collected through content analysis based on random samples of paintings that I formulated. For each art movement, through content analysis, it was then determined whether or not each painting incorporated the Fibonacci sequence. The results had shown that the Renaissance era had utilized the sequence in 60% of its paintings, the Baroque in 40%, and the Romantic in 30%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Fibonacci sequence had differed in how often it had been incorporated when comparing the Baroque and Romantic eras to the Renaissance; however, this is limited due to various factors during the analyzation process. Further research should try to examine various other art movements, and if modern era art is more prone to utilize the Fibonacci sequence as knowledge of this mathematical concept is more universally known.
A Novel Approach to Bio-Friendly Microplastic Extraction with Ascidians
Authors: Li Yuntong , Ross Rowan , Ross Colin
Published: June 2022

Microplastic pollution in water is now recognized as a devastating problem by many organizations, such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, with recent studies estimating that the average American consumes around 52,000 of these plastic, toxic particles a year. A successful solution for the extraction of microplastics from oceans must be feasible to be implemented on a large scale and bio-friendly to not further disrupt the environment. To this end, the efficacy of using filter feeders (Ascidians) as biofilters to reduce microplastic pollution was explored.
The efficacy of this filtration method was evaluated by adding ascidians to saltwater tanks contaminated with microplastics (experimental group) and comparing the water’s plastic concentration over time against a control. Water samples were then systematically tested with a fluorescence-activating microscope and fluorescent scanner. Fluorescent microplastics were used which allowed for the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data.
The samples from the experimental group demonstrated a 24.7% (29.64mg) reduction in microplastics within the first day and a 94.7% (113.64mg) decrease by day 4. The control group showed negligible deviation in microplastic concentration.
It is concluded that the Ascidians filtered microplastics from water through their natural feeding and respiratory process. We extrapolate that a 1m x 1m x 1m cage of Ascidians would filter approximately 300g of microplastics every day. This research demonstrates that microplastic filtration with invertebrate filter feeders is an effective and feasible option for extracting microplastics from polluted water.
The Formation of a Criminal's Mindset
Authors: Nazari Kiana , Prodduturi Maya , Silberman Joshua
Published: June 2022

Criminal behavior is viewed as a health problem. So, this research paper examines the problems caused to create for a criminal to be influenced to commit a crime. There is more attention on how factors like social, environmental, and biological patterns, can hold so much influence on a developing mind. The authors explore this problem through concepts, like experiments, research, and psychological biographies. Identification of 6 papers and 1 novel has led to the result of understanding the negative influence varies as the developing child grows up, but they all lead to committing a crime due to the type of abuse they have encountered. The reflection of someone’s past can determine if they are going to commit a crime or not.
Designing a Science-based Strategy to Prepare for the Next Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Ningrui , Asmis Reto , Crowder Mark
Published: June 2022

For the last nearly two years, the world and its peoples have been on edge, dealing with a pandemic that killed millions of people and altered forever the lives of many others. The COVID-19 pandemic is a once in a generation event that provides an opportunity, despite its horrible impact, for us to be better prepared for future pandemics. This aim of this work is to investigate strategies that were used to combat COVID-19 and develop improved ones that will mitigate both the spread and mortality of similar episodes for the next generation. A review of public health guidance and primary literature suggests many currently used strategies were effective, but additional strategies and guidance are proposed here. These proposed strategies will improve not only preparedness, but also the responses used to tackle and defeat the next COVID pandemic.
Implementation of Prosthetics in Underdeveloped Countries
Authors: Muvvala Chetan Siddhardh , Kethar Jothsna , Ganapathy Subhashini
Published: June 2022

The job of prosthetics is to restore an amputee to be at a functional capacity in their cultural environment while looking as cosmetic as possible. Western prosthetics cannot be used in third-world countries. Availability of materials, resources, accredited personal, and cultural differences prohibit western prosthetics from being used in underdeveloped countries. Implementing prosthetics in third-world countries requires additional changes to be made. Reducing the cost of prosthetics to make them easier for repair and manufacturing allows underdeveloped countries to create and maintain prosthetics. In addition, cultural and environmental factors need to be taken into consideration to create prosthetics that can be long-term and economically affordable for underdeveloped countries.
Traducir a Toshiko Ellis y los retos como traductora
Authors: Sepúlveda Aguilar Izabella
Published: June 2022

En esta reseña se analizan los retos de la traducción del artículo “Woman and the Body in Modern Japanese Poetry” de la profesora Toshiko Ellis. El objetivo de este trabajo es traer a luz, la literatura femenina japonesa, examinada y estudiada por la autora Toshiko. El aporte más importante que se pretende con el ensayo y traducción es ofrecer y cautivar la atención del público hispanoparlante hacia la poesía femenina japonesa, pues no existe ninguna traducción, conocida ni publicada hasta el momento del trabajo de la escritora japonesa en idioma español. Por lo tanto, con este primer aporte, al traducir el texto, se espera que la sociedad y personas lectoras, en general, puedan entender mejor esta milenaria cultura y se identifique en sus palabras, sentimientos, luchas, alegrías y tristezas.
The article is devoted to the analysis of events in the work of Isadzhon Sultanninfa "Onayzorim". Also, the article attempts to reveal the features of the story "Onayzorim", its art, the essence of the work. The realities of the story were chosen as the basis for textual analysis. Mustaqillik nasrida ona obrazi talqini
Authors: Pardayeva Sevara
Published: June 2022

Ushbu maqola Isajon Sultonninf “Onaizorim” asaridagi voqealar tahlili haqidadir. Bundan tashqari, maqolada “Onaizorim” qissasining o`ziga xos xususiyatlari, badiiyati, asardagi mohiyat ochib berishga harakat qilingan. Qissadan o`rin olgan voqeliklar matniy tahlil uchun asos sifatida tanlab olingan.
GERENCIAMENTO DE RESULTADOS: UMA ANÁLISE DOS INDÍCIOS DE ALISAMENTO DE RESULTADOS DAS EMPRESAS LISTADAS NA B3
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Douglas , Zschornack Lucas , Maria dos Santos Braum Loreni , Olesczuk Soutes Dione
Published: June 2022

A Teoria Contábil reconhece a possibilidade da existência de diferentes resultados, abrindo espaço para a possibilidade dos mesmos serem “gerenciados”. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em verificar o (de)crescimento de indícios de alisamento de resultados nas empresas listadas na Bovespa nos segmentos Tradicional, Nível 1 e Nível 2, nos anos de 2014 a 2018. Quanto aos procedimentos metológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, tendo como procedimento a análise documental com abordagem quantitativa. Para fins de identificação de indícios de alisamento de resultados usa o modelo de Eckel (1981). São analisadas as empresas listadas na Bovespa e a amostra é composta por 161 empresas listadas nos segmentos Tradicional, Nível 1 e Nível 2. Quanto aos resultados, observa-se que há tendência de diminuição de empresas com indícios de alisamento, reduzindo de um total de 59,24% em 2014, para 45,96% em 2018. A quantidade de empresas classificadas na área cinzenta também reduziu de 3,82% (2014), chegando no seu índice mais baixo, de 1,24%, em 2016 e estabilizando em 2,48% nos anos seguintes. A quantidade de empresas que não apresentaram indícios de alisamento que era de 36,94% em 2014 aumentou para 51,55% em 2018, indicando que as demonstrações contábeis das empresas analisadas vêm sendo apresentadas de forma mais fidedigna. A prática de alisamento de resultados é ruim porque pode induzir os stakeholders a tomarem decisões equivocadas favorecendo os sócios majoritários ou gestores. A principal contribuição do estudo foi demonstrar que há uma tendência de redução na apresentação de resultados contábeis “gerenciados”.
INSIDER TRADING SEGUNDO A CVM: OS LIMITES DA APLICAÇÃO DA LEGISLAÇÃO PENAL AO CRIME DO ARTIGO 27-D DA LEI 6.385/76
Authors: Sátiro Moreira Avelino Leal Samuel , Francisco da Silva Neto Amadeu
Published: June 2022

A presente pesquisa tem relevância no cenário jurídico nacional, posto que se volta para a analise dos limites da aplicabilidade da legislação penal ao crime de insider trading, sob a ótica do artigo 27-D da Lei n° 6385/76. Dessa forma, a pesquisa tem como objetivo principal, fazer um trabalho com o intuito de identificar a real aplicabilidade da lei n⁰ 6.385/76 aos crimes no mercado financeiro de ações, criando um norte direcionador à comunidade jurídica sobre as consequências penais dos agentes, demonstrando quem são eles e quem tem a capacidade de ser imputado como sujeito ativo do delito e demonstrando também quem tem a capacidade para julgamento deste delito através de entendimentos jurisprudenciais,  assim tentando solucionar alguns dos principais elementos dúbios nos crimes de Insider trading, tendo como base os  possíveis conflitos aparentes de normas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Quanto aos meios, a pesquisa foi bibliográfica, sendo utilizada técnica de abordagem dedutiva, em sites jurídicos, jurisprudências, doutrinas, pelo fato de a fundamentação teórico-metodológica ser bastante necessária para este trabalho.
The "mica sandwich", a remarkable new genus of Foraminifera (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Nazare Canyon (Portuguese margin, NE Atlantic)
Authors: Gooday Andrew J. , da Silva Ana Aranda , Koho Karoliina A. , Lecroq Beatrice , Pearce Richard B.
Published: June 2022

Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, we describe a new genus and species of monothalamous agglutinated foraminifera, Capsammina patelliformis, that occurs mainly at bathyal (1000-3400m) water depths in the Nazare Canyon off Portugal. The test is strongly flattened, up to 500µm or more in maximum dimension, and 30-80µm thick. It lacks obvious apertures, and is typically composed of 2-3 large, plate-like grains of mica that form the upper and lower surface of the test; these are separated by fine-grained, white agglutinated material ("mortar") forming a ring around the cell body. The cytoplasm, visible through the mica plates, is whitish in colour with few obvious inclusions. Analysis of a fragment of the SSUrDNA gene indicates that C. patelliformis belongs in a clade branching with Crithionina delacai, C. granum and an undetermined crithioninid species. However, the divergences between the new species and these Crithionina species range from 20% to 21%, and are therefore too high to classify it in the same genus. We also transfer a previously described species, Psammosphaera bowmanni Heron-Allen and Earland 1912, to Capsammina based on its use of mica flakes in test construction. Other monothalamous agglutinated foraminifera, including Psammosphera spp., are phylogenetically distant from Capsammina. The new species occupies a shallow infaunal microhabitat, living mainly in the top 0.5cm of sediment.
Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the middle Tertiary of Bey Dalari Autochton, Menderes-Taurus Platform, Turkey
Authors: Matsumaru Kuniteru , Sari Bilal , Ozer Sacit
Published: June 2022

Larger foraminifera are recognized from the middle Tertiary (Oligocene-Miocene) carbonate sediments, Bey Dalari Autochton, which is a segment of a Tethyan Platform. Eight diagnostic species and their local ranges are documented. These 8 species establish three biostratigraphically useful faunal assemblages which are assigned to Tertiary e4 (Chattian), Tertiary e5 lower (Aquitanian) and Tertiary e5 upper (Burdigalian) of the Far Eastern Letter Stages. Diagnostic miogypsinid foraminifera and one new genus, Spinosemiogypsina antalyaensis, n. gen., n. sp. are described.
Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the coastal environment of the northern Marmara Shelf (NW Turkey)
Authors: Avsar Niyazi
Published: June 2022

Distribution of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages on the continental shelf of the northernMarmara Sea (NWTurkey), controlled by various hydrographic characteristics between Black and Aegean seas, was systematically examined in 26 sediment samples. The samples generally consist of mud, sand and gravel. A total of 115 foraminiferal species belonging to 37 families and 70 genera were determined. Four benthic foraminiferal assemblages occur on the shelf and are characterized by moderate diversity and richness. The assemblages are dominated by 4 species, all calcareous hyaline: Asterigerinata mamilla, Elphidium crispum, Cassidulina carinata, and Brizalina spathulata. Q-mode cluster analysis recognized 4 clusters.
Pontosphaera geminipora n. sp. and Pontosphaera desuetoidea n. sp., new calcareous nannoplankton species from the MiddleMiocene of the Mura Depression (Slovenia, Central Paratethys)
Authors: Bartol Milos
Published: June 2022

Rich calcareous nannoplankton assemblages were ecovered from the Badenian (Middle Miocene) in Slovenske gorice (Eastern Slovenia). Paleogeographically, the investigated area belonged to the Mura Depression, a heterogenous marginal basin of the Central Paratethys. Over one hundred species of calcareous nannoplankton were found in the Badenian marls, among them two new Pontosphaera species were determined and are described in this paper. The nannoplankton assemblages, containing specimens of Pontosphaera geminipora n. sp. and Pontosphaera desuetoidea n. sp., allow their assignment to the standard nannoplankton biozone NN5. Both species are rare and occur in diverse assemblages, indicating warm and stable, relatively deep and oligotrophic depositional environments.
On the status of Paraticinella rohri (Bolli 1959)
Authors: Georgescu Marius D.
Published: June 2022

Taxonomic Note
Late Cretaceous silicoflagellate taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the Arctic Margin, Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: McCartney Kevin , Witkowski Jakub , Harwood David M.
Published: June 2022

Diverse and well-preserved assemblages of early to late Campanian silicoflagellates from the Smoking Hills andMason River formations exposed in the District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories, Canada include twenty-one known species and five new species in six genera. These include a rare occurrence ofCornua trifurcata and unusual skeletal morphologies of genus Arctyocha. These assemblages provide a new means for biostratigraphic division of the Upper Cretaceous through an expanded silicoflagellate-based zonal framework comprises five zones.
Upper Triassic foraminifers from Panthalassan carbonate buildups of Southwestern Japan and their paleobiogeographic implications
Authors: Chablis Jerome , Stampfli Gerard , Martini Rossana , Kobayashi Fumio , Onoue Tetsuji
Published: June 2022

Detailed sampling of the Upper Triassic atoll-type carbonates of the Sambosan Accretionary Complex throughout Southwest Japan yielded highly abundant and diversified porcelaneous, microgranular, agglutinated and hyaline foraminifers of Carnian-Rhaetian age, as well as some microproblematica and ostracods. The foraminiferal assemblages were collected from shallow-water carbonates originated upon volcanic seamounts surrounded by deep-water radiolarian chert in a mid-open oceanic realm of the Panthalassan Ocean during Triassic time. Because most studies of the Upper Triassic microfauna come from the former Tethys, counterparts of the Panthalassan Ocean are pivotal to decipher the micropalaeontological biodiversity of the western circum Pacific, as well as to evaluate the distribution patterns of organisms and their evolution trends throughout the Tethys and Panthalassa. This study reports on 42 genera and 60 species whose associations can be used as sedimentary facies indicators of carbonate buildup environments. Japanese specimens show a strong Tethyan affinity, and especially with the Peri- and Southern Tethyan forms. A palaeobiogeographic distribution analysis using a large foraminiferal database is led, in order to evaluate the extraordinary spreading of these Upper Triassic foraminifers between the Neo-Tethys and the Panthalassa. Data are finally integrated in a new plate tectonic model, where six faunistic provinces are defined, each containing a characteristic foraminiferal assemblage. This map provides for the first time a useful and visual synthesis of the Upper Triassic foraminifer palaeobiogeographic distribution.
Comparison of different preparation and analysis techniques for quantitative coccolith studies focusing on biogeographic patterns of species
Authors: Saavedra-Pellitero M. , Baumann K.-H. , Boeckel B. , Sierro F. J. , Flores J.A.
Published: June 2022

The scanning ElectronMicroscope (SEM) and the PetrographicMicroscope (Light Microscope, LM) are devices which both are used in routine analysis of coccolithophore assemblages, but comparisons and/or combinations of quantitative data from both sources are difficult. In this paper a comparison is made between the results obtainedwith the Flores and Sierro settling technique (1997) for LMand the Andruleit filtration technique (1996) for SEM, considering their advantages and drawbacks. Twenty-six surface sediment samples from the SouthAtlantic and Southeast Pacificwere studied.All the taxa distinguished were reduced to fourteen groups accounting for 100%. The biogeographical patterns of coccolithophorid species and species groups determined using both techniques are highly comparable, although the trends in relative and absolute numbers are not always identical. In particular, the numbers of coccoliths per gram of sediment are higher in the case of the filtration technique/SEM-technique than for the settling technique/LMtechnique and an approach is introduced to estimate LM values using SEM counts with a linear regression equation. The results obtained allow different methodologies to be compared for the study of current coccolithophore biogeography.
Orbitolinid foraminifers in the Northwest Pacific: Their taxonomy and stratigraphy
Authors: Iba Yasuhira , Sano Shin-ichi , Miura Takashi
Published: June 2022

Orbitolinid foraminifers supply important information for the understanding of Cretaceous marine biogeographic and paleoclimatic conditions. A pre-requisite for these palaeoenviromental interpretations is a sound taxonomy. The taxonomy of the orbitolinids from the Northwest Pacific has been controversial, and this paper aims at a taxonomic and stratigraphic revision of this group. Four orbitolinid species ("Palorbitolina lenticularis", Praeorbitolina cf. wienandsi, Mesorbitolina parva, and M. texana) have been recognized. Orbitolinids occurred almost continuously from the Late Hauterivian to the late Early Albian. Species belonging to the Praeorbitolina cormyi–Mesorbitolina aperta evolutionary lineage are most common, while dictyoconids are missing in the Northwest Pacific. Following the last occurrence ofM. parva in the Douvilleiceras mammilatum Zone of the Early Albian, no orbitolinids have been recognized in the Northwest Pacific. It is possible that provincialism in orbitolinid foraminifers occurred during the Early Cretaceous of the North Pacific.
The new genus Olgia and new family Olgiidae (Textulariana, Foraminifera)
Authors: Mikhalevich Valeria I.
Published: June 2022

The new agglutinated foraminiferal genus Olgia with the type species Olgia pacifica (Cushman) 1924 from the tropical Pacific and the new family Olgiidae fam. nov. are described based on an EMstudy of the inner and outer structure and the ultrastructure of the shell wall of the type species Clavulina pacifica Cushman 1924. The new genus differs from Clavulina in its wholly triangular shell, partially subdivided chambers, and presence of sutural pores together with the opened ends of the elongated angular extinctions of the chambers at the shell angles forming half closed chamberlets. The new family differs from the family Chrysalidinidae Neagu 1968 of the superfamily Chrysalinoidea by its complicated chamber interior, in the character of its aperture, and presence of the internal tooth plates interconnected from chamber to chamber.
New deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the Upper Oligocene of offshore Angola
Authors: Cetean Claudia G. , Kaminski Michael A.
Published: June 2022

Seven new species and a new genus of deep-water agglutinated foraminifera (DWAF) are reported from the Upper Oligocene of the Congo submarine canyon area, offshore Angola. The new taxa Ammodiscus kenderi n.sp., Haplophragmoides volati n.sp., Ammobaculites duponti n.sp., Spiropsammia primitiva n.sp, Tetrataxiella subtilissima, n. sp., Discamminoides evolutus, n. sp., and Plectoverneuilinella angolaensis n.gen., n.sp. (belonging to the new family Plectoverneuilinellidae), are described herein. The new species are sometimes common components of a "flysch-type" agglutinated foraminiferal assemblage associated with deep marine clastic sediments.
INTRODUCTION: Taxonomic studies in Early Cretaceous nonmarine Ostracoda of North America
Authors: Sames Benjamin
Published: June 2022

Introductory Note
Early Cretaceous Cypridea Bosquet 1852 in North America and Europe
Authors: Sames Benjamin
Published: June 2022

Cypridea Bosquet 1852 (Cypridoidea, Cyprideidae) is a Kimmeridgian to Lower Eocene nonmarine ostracod genus, the representatives of which are very common and stratigraphically useful in Late Tithonian to earliest Barremian "Purbeck/Wealden-like" nonmarine deposits of the world. The revision of particularly North American representatives led to progress in its taxonomy, and a breakthrough in its biostratigraphic supraregional biostratigraphic application. Key to their successful application is an upgraded taxonomic concept including new insights into the coherences of specific reproductive mechanisms (asexual and mixed reproduction) in the context with diversity and dispersal modes, combined with the understanding and evidence that these ostracods are not as endemic as erstwhile believed. This taxonomic concept resolves crucial problems resulting from an overestimation of the taxonomic significance of several carapace characters (particularly ornamentation elements and the outline), and facilitates improved stratigraphic and paleoecologic applications as well as providing the basis for further research. The revision includes an extensive historic overview of most relevant publications. Representatives of Cypridea have great utility in improving the biostratigraphic age determination for and correlation of Early Cretaceous formations of the Western Interior foreland basin. With respect to suprageneric taxonomy, the family Cyprideidae Martin 1940 is partially revised as well. Longispinella Sohn 1979 is now considered a subgenus of Cypridea while Cypridea (Guangdongia) Guan 1978 is allocated to Bisulcocypridea Sohn 1969, and the genus Praecypridea Sames, Whatley and Schudack 2010(b) is included. The genus Cypridea is emended anew. As for the subgeneric taxonomy, the North American species Cypridea (Pseudocypridina) inornata (Peck 1951) is now considered a junior synonym of Cypridea (P.) setina (Anderson 1939), Cypridea (P.) laeli Sohn 1979 considered an ecophenotype of Cypridea (P.) piedmonti (Roth 1933), and Cypridea (Longispinella) asymmetrica Sohn 1979 designated synonymous (sexual dimorph) to C. (L.) longispina Peck 1941. Sexual dimorphism is presumed in several species of Cypridea and mixed reproduction corroborated as being the most likely reproductive mechanism among taxa of this genus. Cypridea? minuta (Peck 1951) most probably represents an early representative of the sulcate Bisulcocypridea Sohn. Ostracod correlations mainly based on representatives of Cypridea strongly suggest a much higher maximum age for some Lower Cretaceous formations (Lakota Formation, South Dakota and Wyoming, and Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah) of the Western Interior foreland basin, i.e., Berriasian to Early Valanginian instead of Barremian or Aptian.
Campanian agglutinated foraminifera from the Lomonosov Ridge, IODP Expedition 302, ACEX, in the paleogeographic context of the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Setoyama Eiichi , Kaminski Michael A. , Tyszka Jaroslaw
Published: June 2022

We document the occurrence of agglutinated foraminifera in Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) sediments recovered during the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX), IODP Expedition 302. Foraminiferal assemblages consist entirely of agglutinated taxa with 29 taxa including three new species (Labrospira macilenta, Recurvoidella arctica, and Recurvoides trochoidalis). The agglutinated assemblage from the Lomonosov Ridge represents a shallow, probably restricted, brackish environment, and displays some taxonomic affinity to Late Cretaceous assemblages described from the Beaufort-Mackenzie basin. There are no species in commonwith coeval assemblages described from the southwestern Barents Sea or Western Siberia, and also only several cosmopolitan species in common between the later two regions. Therefore we suggest that the Arctic Ocean was probably isolated from the North Atlantic faunal province during the Late Cretaceous, with very limited or no marine connections between the Arctic, North Atlantic and Western Siberia over the Barents Shelf.
Information literacy self-efficacy of scientists working at the Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Authors:   University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Naveed Muhammad Asif
Published: June 2022

Introduction. This study reports the results of a cross-sectional survey to assess the information literacy self-efficacy of scientists working at the Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lahore, Pakistan. Method. A survey questionnaire containing information literacy self-efficacy scale and some demographic variables was personally administered to all the scientists at e Council. The response rate was 86.42%. Analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for data analysis using SPSS. Results. The results indicated that the scientists assessed themselves as ‘often true’ for overall information literacy self-efficacy scale and its sub-dimensions. However, item-based analysis revealed that these scientists were less comfortable in utilizing advanced level information literacy skills. In addition, the age, sex, academic qualification, research experience, number of research publications, and instruction received appeared to be the predictor of self-efficacy. Conclusions. Since the scientists were less competent in advanced level information literacy skills, efforts should be focused on improving their self-efficacy. There is a critical need for user-centered instruction programmes for in-service staff as well as for future scientists. This study would make a worthy contribution to the existing research on workplace information literacy as no such study was found addressing the context of working scientists.
Prediction of the high-cost normalised discounted cumulative gain (nDCG) measure in information retrieval evaluation
Authors:   University of Malaya, Malaysia, Muwanei Sinyinda , Ravana Sri Devi ,   Department of Information Systems, University of Malaya, Malaysia, Hoo Wai Lam ,   aculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Malaysia, Kunda Douglas ,   School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Mulungushi University, Zambia
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Information retrieval systems are vital to meeting daily information needs of users. The effectiveness of these systems has often been evaluated using the test collections approach, despite the high evaluation costs of this approach. Recent methods have been proposed that reduce evaluation costs through the prediction of information retrieval performance measures at the higher cut-off depths using other measures computed at the lower cut-off depths. The purpose of this paper is to propose two methods that addresses the challenge of accurately predicting the normalised discounted cumulative gain (nDCG) measure. Method. Data from selected test collections of the Text REtrieval Conference was used. The proposed methods employ the gradient boosting and linear regression models trained with topic scores of measures partitioned by TREC Tracks. Analysis. To evaluate the proposed methods, the coefficient of determination, Kendall's tau and Spearman correlations were used. Results. The proposed methods provide better predictions of the nDCG measure at the higher cut-off depths while using other measures computed at the lower cut-off depths. Conclusions. These proposed methods have shown improvement in the predictions of the nDCG measure while reducing the evaluation costs.
Data sharing practices in open access mode: a study of the willingness to share data in different disciplines
Authors:   Information Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, Finland, Enwald Heidi , Grigas Vincas ,   Faculty of Communication, Vilnius University, Republic of Lithuania, Rudžionienė Jurgita ,   Faculty of Communication at Vilnius University, Republic of Lithuania, Kortelainen Terttu ,   Information Studies at the Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, Finland
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Considering the problems of making research data freely available despite many initiatives and legislation, this study explores the possible differences and similarities of research fields in understanding and enacting open access use and sharing of research data. Method. An online survey was distributed and 671 responses of researchers from Lithuania and Finland were surveyed. Analysis. Chi-squared tests were used to compare proportions across questions groups. Bonferroni corrections applied to p-values were used to reduce the risk of type I errors in the post-hoc analysis of Chi-squared tests. Chi-squared post-hoc tests using adjusted residuals were calculated. Results. Willingness to share research data in open access mode was higher in natural, biomedical and technological sciences than in humanities and social sciences. Although the principle of open research data is supported, there are considerable differences in the character of research data, and the ethical concerns and data management policies between different research fields. Conclusions. Changing culture of data sharing is much harder than publication of new initiatives and legislation. By comparing results with the data from same survey from UK, France, and Turkey we find out that researcher in Finland and Lithuania are more conservative regarding open research data.
Free for all, or free-for-all? A content analysis of Australian university open access policies
Authors:   School of Information and Communication Studies at Charles Sturt University, Australia, Wakeling Simon , Kingsley Danny ,   Flinders University, Jamali Hamid R. ,   School of Information and Communication Studies at Charles Sturt University, Australia, Kennan Mary Anne , Sarrafzadeh Maryam ,   School of Information Science and Knowledge Studies, University of Tehran, Iran
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to understand the characteristics of Australian institutional open access policies and to explore the extent they represent a coherent and unified approach to delivering and promoting open access in Australia. Method. Open access policies were located using a systematic search of forty-two Australian university Websites. A formal open access policy was defined as a document with the terms "open access" and "policy" in the title, and which was located either in the institution’s policy library, or elsewhere on the main university Website. Analysis. Content analysis was employed to examine policies across fourteen categories. Results. Only twenty Australian universities were found to have a formal open access policy. There was found to be a wide variation in language used, expressed intent of the policy and expectations of researchers. Few policies mentioned monitoring or compliance. Conclusions. When policies use language which does not reflect national and international understandings, and when requirements are not clear and with consequences, policies are unlikely to contribute to understanding of open access, to uptake of the policy, or to ease of transferring understanding and practices between institutions. A more unified institutional approach to open access is recommended.
Augmentation of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Hyderabad City
Authors: Dr. R. Premsudha  , M. Kavyasri  , M. Sreeharsha  , V. Sathwika  , Srija Natraj
Published: June 2022

Enormous amount Municipal solidwaste is generated daily all over the world because of the life styles of people. Both developed and developing countries facing so many problems for proper collection, transport, treatment and disposal of municipal solidwaste (MSW). Even though proper collection and transport of municipal solidwaste are implemented during the disposal, recovery and treatment of those wastes also causes various impact on environment and human health. This study was throw the light on impact of solidwaste is continuous problem and affect all the environmental precious resources(soil, water & air) also cause serious threat to human beings, plants and animals unless every individual not take any step to reduce their solidwaste generation rate. All the state government and central government is taken so many actions to reduce the impact of municipal solidwaste at oneside but failed to change the people mindset to avoid unnecessary increase of solidwaste generation and dispose that properly. This project was carried out to gain through knowledge about Hyderabad integrated municipal solidwaste management (HIMSWM) plant at jawahar nagar to study the entire process of municipal solidwaste treatment done by Ramky group of limited.