bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital technology and the expansion of outdoor experience in outdoor activities
Authors: Schuurman Hajo
Published: January 2025

Introduction After the outbreak of covid-pandemic, the digital age has been highlighted in society, where the divide between indoors and outdoors (and work and private life) has both intensified and blurred. It has become more pronounced as daily life increasingly unfolds within a finely tuned digital infrastructure, making venturing outdoors less taken for granted. At the same time, digital technologies disrupt this infrastructure, causing the boundary between indoors and outdoors to fade. Especially in outdoor activities, digital tools like smartphones, GPS systems, and sports apps have become deeply embedded in the experience of being outdoors. These technologies are no longer mere accessories to outdoor activities, they have become indispensable to how we orient and navigate in natural areas (Kennedy at al. 2024). Still, the outdoor experience also has a certain allure, prompting people to take a break from their smartphones (Helms et al., 2019). For individuals, questions about being outdoors, such as to what extent they rely on digital infrastructures, have become central. People engage with digital technologies in diverse ways, from fully embracing them (complexification) to removing their presence (simplification). This research proposes a conceptual framework for understanding the intersection of technology and outdoor experiences, focusing on how these technologies shape, support, or challenge our relationship with nature.
Methods This research develops a conceptual framework to explore the interaction between digital technologies and the outdoor experience, and how digital tools influence engagement with the outdoor environment. Rather than treating these elements as separate forces, it examines how they influence each other. Using the concept of an ecology of possibilities (Simons 2022), this research explores the potential of the digital infrastructure in outdoor activities. The goal is to identify ways in which digital tools can strengthen the appeal of outdoor activities and deepen the experience.
Results This research shows that digital technologies can enhance and replace traditional outdoor functions, expanding human capabilities. By responsibly integrating digital tools, we can enrich nature experiences and create new possibilities for outdoor activities.
Pentastiridius leporinus as a plant disease vector: The practical state of knowlege and derived research objectives
Authors: Lang Christian , Dettweiler Anna , Benaouda Salma , Kreimer Dorothee , Löffler David , Glaser Elisabeth , Adam Hannah , Bojanowicz Sarah L. , Schall Eric , Stohl Jana , Göbbels Hendrik , Lenz Michael , Witczak Natasha , Ritz Johannes , Pfitzner Helen
Published: January 2025

Pentastiridius leporinus, a polyphagous planthopper, has emerged as a significant vector of the phloem-limited pathogens ARSEPH and PHYPSO, posing a severe threat to agricultural production across Europe. This study explores the complex interactions between P. leporinus, its pathogens, and host plants, focusing on its impact on sugar beet, potato, and recently identified vegetable crops such as carrots and beetroots. The transmission of these pathogens leads to reduced yield and quality, causing substantial economic losses and threatening food security and supply chains.
P. leporinus exhibits remarkable adaptability, spreading efficiently over long distances and colonizing diverse crops. Its life cycle, involving nymph development in soil and adult migration to host plants, underpins its reproductive success and rapid geographic expansion. While ARSEPH and PHYPSO reduce crop viability and processing quality, their combined infections exacerbate the damage, introducing secondary pathogens and compounding challenges for farmers.
Control measures for P. leporinus remain limited due to the lack of resistant crop varieties, long-term insecticide efficacy, and precise infestation thresholds. Current efforts emphasize a holistic, integrated pest management (IPM) strategy, combining agronomic practices such as early harvesting, crop rotation, and soil cultivation with emerging tools like biocontrol agents, forecasting models, and experimental genetic techniques. Trials with cover nets and tolerant crop varieties show promise in mitigating the pest’s impact, but further research is essential.
This work highlights critical knowledge gaps, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration and increased funding to develop sustainable, environment-friendly solutions. Practical research and immediate action is necessary to mitigate the devastating effects of P. leporinus on agriculture. The authors therefore propose the establishment of an EU task force on plant health emergencies, as foreseen in the amendment of EU plant health legislation. A national initiative is not sufficient to manage the existential threat situation.
KAJIAN PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA SURAKARTA NOMOR 865/PDT.G/2024/PA.SKA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA
Authors: Marinka Tifany Wulan , Paridian Nurelia , Dewangga Rizki , Ruslan La Ode Muhammad , Wahyudi Sri , Tanjung Anwar Sadat
Published: January 2025

Kajian ini menganalisis Putusan Pengadilan Agama Surakarta Nomor 865/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Ska yang berkaitan dengan kasus perceraian akibat perselisihan berkepanjangan, pengkhianatan, dan kekerasan verbal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan fokus pada analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin hukum, dan yurisprudensi yang relevan. Metode penelitian mencakup pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus untuk mengevaluasi penerapan prinsip keadilan dan kepastian hukum dalam sistem hukum perdata Indonesia. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa putusan hakim, yang dilakukan secara verstek, sesuai dengan asas keadilan dan kepastian hukum. Hakim memutuskan talak satu bain sughra berdasarkan bukti kuat dan keterangan saksi yang mendukung penggugat. Keputusan ini tidak hanya melindungi hak-hak penggugat tetapi juga memberikan preseden penting dalam penanganan kasus perceraian di Indonesia. Selain itu, temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem peradilan mampu memberikan perlindungan hukum yang memadai bahkan dalam situasi di mana tergugat tidak hadir. Dengan demikian, implikasi dari penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya peran hukum perdata dalam menciptakan keadilan substantif dan menjaga stabilitas sosial. Putusan ini menunjukkan bagaimana hukum dapat menjadi instrumen untuk melindungi individu yang rentan, khususnya perempuan, serta memperkuat kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap sistem hukum. Kajian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi untuk penguatan pedoman dalam menangani kasus perceraian berbasis konflik berkepanjangan dan kekerasan verbal.
Pemakaian Qarinah Qat‘iyyah dalam Sabitan Kes Jenayah Syariah: Analisis Perbandingan antara Konsep dengan Realisasi di Mahkamah Syariah
Authors: Ahmad Ahnaf , Rajamanickam Ramalinggam , Md. Said Muhamad Helmi , Mohd Zahir Mohd Zamre
Published: January 2025

Dalam penghakiman kes di mana-mana mahkamah, keadilan merupakan matlamat utama. Proses memperoleh keadilan pula memerlukan hakim bergantung harap pada kaedah pembuktian, termasuklah penggunaan qarinah. Qarinah terbukti penting dan digunakan dalam sejarah peradaban Islam. Dari sudut penerimaan, qarinah banyak membantu menyelesaikan pertikaian dalam kes harta, munakahat atau pembunuhan, begitu juga kes yang melibatkan hukuman takzir, qisas dan hudud. Di Malaysia, undang-undang keterangan Islam tentang qarinah yang terpakai di mahkamah syariah diperuntukkan dengan komposisi yang sangat besar sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam Akta Keterangan Mahkamah Syariah (Wilayah-wilayah Persekutuan) 1997 [Akta 561] dan enakmen negeri yang lain. Namun begitu, konsep qarinah tidak diletakkan dalam landasan yang sewajarnya. Hal ini dikatakan demikian kerana akta dan enakmen berkenaan diformulakan mengikut pola undang-undang Inggeris. Akibatnya, skop dan pemakaian qarinah disempitkan sehinggakan kekuatan dalalah qarinah tidak diketengahkan sebagai suatu undang-undang. Sehubungan dengan itu, pengkaji membincangkan kekuatan dalalah qarinah dalam sabitan kes, terutamanya kes jenayah syariah. Dalam kajian ini, kekuatan dalalah qarinah dinilai, sama ada wajar ditentukan terlebih dahulu atau tidak, sebelum hakim mengambil kira keterangan yang dikemukakan di hadapannya. Bagi tujuan ini, pengkaji menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang berpandukan kajian kepustakaan dengan menganalisis sumber primer dan sekunder, seperti kitab karangan ahli ulama fiqah, statut, kes yang dilaporkan dan tidak dilaporkan, serta penulisan akademik. Pengkaji mendapati bahawa kekuatan dalalah qarinah, sama ada qarinah qat‘iyyah, atau qarinah kaazibah atau qarinah dha‘ifah, amat penting untuk ditentukan berdasarkan fakta sesuatu kes. Hal ini membantu memberikan ruang kepada hakim syarie untuk mentafsirkan kekuatan dalalah qarinah dengan lebih berkesan.
Efektivitas Pemberian Insentif Fiskal Dalam Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Ekstrem Di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan
Authors: Paputungan Rikson , Ariawan Ariawan , Darnawati Darnawati , Gaffar Gaffar
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas pemberian insentif fiskal dalam menanggulangi kemiskinan ekstrem di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan melalui pendekatan sumber, proses, dan sasaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan berbagai pihak terkait, termasuk pemerintah daerah dan penerima manfaat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alokasi dana cukup memadai, tetapi pelaksanaannya belum optimal. Terdapat kendala koordinasi lintas sektor dan transparansi dalam implementasi program. Meski angka kemiskinan ekstrem berkurang, sistem penentuan sasaran perlu ditingkatkan. Implikasi penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan sistem evaluasi yang komprehensif dalam pengelolaan insentif fiskal untuk efektivitas program penanggulangan kemiskinan ekstrem.
Studi Strategis: Hubungan Kemampuan Kerja, Kepemimpinan dan Kinerja Dukuh di Pedukuhan Jetak 1
Authors: Kurniawan Angga , Sari Noviana Wulan
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kemampuan kerja dan kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja dukuh di Padukuhan Jetak 1. Kinerja dukuh mengalami kendala akibat ketidakcakapannya dalam menggunakan teknologi. Dampaknya, dukuh mengalami kesulitan dalam menjalankan tugasnya secara efektif, terutama dalam hal komunikasi dan distribusi informasi melalui teknologi. Keterbatasan kemampuan dukuh dalam menggunakan teknologi digital tentunya membuat pelaksanaan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya sebagai seorang pemimpin di Padukuhan Jetak 1 belum terlaksana dengan baik dan dapat menjadi pengaruh dalam pencapaian kinerjanya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pengambilan data melalui wawancara dan kuesioner. Populasi yang ditetapkan adalah sejumlah 294 KK (Kartu Keluarga) di Padukuhan Jetak 1. Serta ukuran sampel dihitung menggunakan metode proportionate stratified random sampling dan memperoleh hasil sampel berjumlah 75 orang dari total populasi KK. Teknik analisis penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, dengan bantuan program SPSS Versi 24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan kerja (X1) dan Kepemimpinan (X2) masing-masing memiliki pengaruh signifikan secara parsial terhadap kinerja (Y). Melalui hasil dalam uji F, disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan kerja dan kepemimpinan memiliki pengaruh signifikan secara simultan terhadap kinerja dukuh di Padukuhan Jetak 1..
Memahami Definisi Komunikasi Pemasaran Digital dalam Teori dan Praktek
Authors: Diandra Didip , Wijanarko Adrian A. , Moerales Henky Ade , Satoto Ayu Audina
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan teknologi digital yang pesat telah merubah paradigma dan pandangan individu atau kelompok terhadap pemasaran dan cara berkomunikasi dalam pemasaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang definisi komunikasi pemasaran digital dalam teori dan praktek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data primer dikumpulkan dari observasi terhadap objek praktek dan didukung oleh data sekunder berupa kajian literatur yang sesuai dengan topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa jenis pendekatan dalam komunikasi pemasaran digital seperti hubungan pemasaran, pengalaman konsumen, komunikasi interaktif, influencer non-human, perjalanan konsumen, citra merek, pemasaran konten, kampanye pemasaran, hingga pemasaran alternatif. Selain menyerahkan nilai kepada pelanggan, komunikasi pemasaran digital dapat merubah pandangan konsumen tentang produk, merubah sikap, dan keputusan untuk bertindak. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengembangkan kajian teori dan praktek komunikasi pemasaran digital dari sudut pandang yang berbeda.
Pendampingan Pembelajaran Qira’at dan Ilmu Al-Quran di Komplek Tahfiz Sukan Sofiuddin Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Putra Ali Musri Semjan , Jamal Khairunnas , S Mochammad Novendri , Syafii
Published: January 2025

The community service activity titled "Assistance in Qira’at and Qur’anic Studies Learning at Komplek Tahfiz Sukan Sofiuddin, Selangor, Malaysia" aimed to improve the quality of Qira’at and Qur’anic studies through a participatory approach. This program targeted enhancing the competencies of educators, increasing student motivation, and utilizing interactive digital media. Conducted over two days, the activity was attended by five teachers and 84 students from various halaqahs and age levels. The results demonstrated significant impacts on improving teachers’ abilities to effectively teach Qira’at variations and create an engaging classroom environment. Students exhibited greater interest in the technical aspects of Qira’at, with significantly improved learning outcomes. Moreover, the direct assistance achieved success in terms of quantity, with participant numbers exceeding the initial target. Despite challenges such as limited student understanding, varying technological skills among participants, and the short duration of training, implemented solutions effectively addressed these issues. This program has great potential to be replicated in other tahfiz institutions, supported by participatory approaches and digital technology. Therefore, this activity made a tangible contribution to the innovative and sustainable development of Qur'anic education.
Validasi: LKPD Terintegrasi Model Problem Based Learning untuk Melatih Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Materi Asam Basa
Authors: Puspitasari Eka , Abdullah Abdullah , Wati Mustika
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan di abad ke-21 menuntut siswa memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi validitas dari pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang terintegrasi dengan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis untuk materi asam basa. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE. Hasil validasi menunjukkan rata-rata skor validitas LKPD sebesar 96,27, yang menandakan LKPD ini sangat valid dan siap digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Meskipun hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa LKPD tidak perlu direvisi, para validator merekomendasikan beberapa saran perbaikan saran-saran dari validator tetap dipertimbangkan agar kualitas dan efektivitas LKPD dapat ditingkatkan lebih lanjut. Saran tersebut termasuk peningkatan dalam penyajian kegiatan, seperti memperbaiki tampilan dan layout LKPD agar lebih menarik bagi peserta didik. Selain itu, disarankan untuk menambahkan beberapa kalimat instruksi sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan agar peserta didik lebih memahami langkah-langkah yang harus diikuti dalam proses pembelajaran. Rekomendasi penelitian selanjutnya, disarankan untuk melakukan studi yang membandingkan efektivitas LKPD ini dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep Asam Basa serta keterampilan berpikir kritis di berbagai tingkat pendidikan.
Automation of bird voice signal analysis
Authors: Hetsevich Y. S. , Zianouka Ya. S. , Bakunovich A. A. , Zhalava D. A. , Shagava T. G.
Published: January 2025

Objectives. The purpose of the work is to create an experimental software for automated recognition of voice signals, which has the capabilities of long-term round-the-clock and round-the-season monitoring of animal species diversity in selected habitats and ecosystems.

Methods. The work uses methods of deep machine learning of convolutional neural networks trained on mel-spectrograms of bird vocalizations, which are built using fast Fourier transform.

Results. The process, methods and approaches to training a deep machine learning model for a system of passive acoustic monitoring of bird populations in Belarus are described, as well as the difficulties identified during testing of the software prototype and the results that were achieved.

Conclusion. A working prototype of the software for automatic recognition of animal (bird) voice signals is presented. It performs the analysis of acoustic recordings of bird voices with the issue of probabilistic assessment of species belonging to animal vocalizations present in the recordings. The software is aimed at increasing the efficiency of bird monitoring, which ensures the implementation of conservation and research activities based on accurate and up-to-date data on species distribution.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS EM REMANESCENTES FLORESTAIS MEDIANTE À IMPLANTAÇÃO DE ESTRADAS
Authors: Saavedra Julio Soto , Costa Renata Cristina Araújo
Published: January 2025

Estudos sobre as modificações ambientais decorrentes da implantação de rodovias no Estado de São Paulo têm sido bastante desenvolvidos. O estudo pretendeu discutir sobre o impacto da construção da rodovia Rodoanel sobre os remanescentes florestais. Foi realizada uma análise espacial das áreas florestais no período entre 2001, 2015 e 2022. Os resultados demonstraram que houve contribuição na fragmentação dos habitats e diminuição da área dos fragmentos. A instalação da rodovia na região mais antropizada no município de Guarulhos contribui que o impacto sobre os fragmentos florestais fosse reduzido. A proposta de corredores ecológicos é uma opção viável para diminuição dos impactos da fragmentação dos remanescentes florestais e se mostra viável em vários trechos da rodovia.
Analisis Fungsi dan Peran Media Sosial sebagai Strategi Humas di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Gita Eka Sila  , Dini Nur Fadhillah  , Fadli Tri Hartono  , Suhaeri
Published: January 2025

Universitas Kebangsaan Republik Indonesia (UKRI) is a private university that has a communication science study programme. One of the missions of the communication science study programme is to develop and apply communication science to support community empowerment. Therefore, the dynamics of technological advances and challenges for public relations in higher education are an opportunity for the communication science study programme to develop students' knowledge through the application of science, namely the basics of public relations. This research aims to analyse the function and role of social media as a public relations strategy carried out by students in higher education. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The results of this study provide an overview of the role of social media on public relations strategies in higher education. In addition, this research also shows that building relationships is not only limited to external communication but also internal communication carried out with student collaboration. This research has implications for public relations strategies in higher education. Students as part of the community in higher education also need to be involved in building the image of higher education.
Priming with Moringa Leaf Extract Improves the Germination and Growth of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.)
Authors: Noor Asadullah , Wahocho Niaz Ahmed , Haider Nasir , Jamali Muzamil Farooque , Talpur Afifa , Abro Maria , Wahocho Safdar Ali
Published: January 2025

Several biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence the germination of vegetable crop seeds, which ultimately lead to the poor seedling establishment. Among vegetables, cucurbits are a largely demanded group but most of the vegetables of this group have hard seed coat which hinders the resilient seed germination. Similarly, the seeds of bottle gourd encounter disrupted germination. However, research methods have been moved towards the quick approaches that can enhance seed germination under varying environmental stresses, seed priming is one such quick method to enhance seeds tendency to uniform germination. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted at Horticulture Garden, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during summer 2023 for investigating the germination and growth response of Bottle gourd to priming with moringa leaf extract (MLE) concentrations. The experiment was conducted via three replicates using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The methodically structured treatments were: T1 = Control, T2 = Tap water, T3 = priming with 1% MLE, T4 = priming with 3% MLE, T5 = priming with 5% MLE and T6 = priming with 7% MLE. The findings of the study revealed that the bottle gourd seeds primed with 7% moringa leaf extract (MLE) resulted in maximum seed germination, germination index, seedling vigor index, plant height, number of leaves plant-1, fresh shoot biomass, fresh root biomass, root length and chlorophyll content. However, the minimum result of all the parameters was found under control. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that priming with 7% moringa leaf extract (MLE) significantly enhanced the germination and growth performance of bottle gourd.
Causal Discovery in Astrophysics: Unraveling Supermassive Black Hole and Galaxy Coevolution
Authors: Jin 金 Zehao 泽灏 , Pasquato Mario , Davis Benjamin L. , Deleu Tristan , Luo 罗 Yu 煜 , Cho Changhyun , Lemos Pablo , Perreault-Levasseur Laurence , Bengio Yoshua , Kang 康 Xi 熙 , Macciò Andrea Valerio , Hezaveh Yashar
Published: January 2025

Correlation does not imply causation, but patterns of statistical association between variables can be exploited to infer a causal structure (even with purely observational data) with the burgeoning field of causal discovery. As a purely observational science, astrophysics has much to gain by exploiting these new methods. The supermassive black hole (SMBH)–galaxy interaction has long been constrained by observed scaling relations, which is low-scatter correlations between variables such as SMBH mass and the central velocity dispersion of stars in a host galaxy's bulge. This study, using advanced causal discovery techniques and an up-to-date data set, reveals a causal link between galaxy properties and dynamically measured SMBH masses. We apply a score-based Bayesian framework to compute the exact conditional probabilities of every causal structure that could possibly describe our galaxy sample. With the exact posterior distribution, we determine the most likely causal structures and notice a probable causal reversal when separating galaxies by morphology. In elliptical galaxies, bulge properties (built from major mergers) tend to influence SMBH growth, while, in spiral galaxies, SMBHs are seen to affect host galaxy properties, potentially through feedback in gas-rich environments. For spiral galaxies, SMBHs progressively quench star formation, whereas, in elliptical galaxies, quenching is complete, and the causal connection has reversed. Our findings support theoretical models of hierarchical assembly of galaxies and active galactic nuclei feedback regulating galaxy evolution. Our study suggests the potentiality for further exploration of causal links in astrophysical and cosmological scaling relations, as well as any other observational science.
Dynamics and Energetics of Resistive, Thermally Conductive, and Radiative Plasma in Coronal Current Sheets due to Asymmetric External Perturbation
Authors: Mondal Sripan , Bairagi Akash , Srivastava A. K.
Published: January 2025

We study the asymmetric interaction of wave-like velocity perturbation with a coronal current sheet (CS) in the presence of resistivity, thermal conduction (TC), and radiative cooling (RC). We analyze the dynamics and energetics of the CS in four cases, namely, (i) no energy loss, (ii) TC only, (iii) RC only, and (iv) TC+RC. Before fragmentation, thinning and elongation of the CS are found to be identical in all four cases and therefore independent of the presence or absence of energy loss effects. Onset times, corresponding Lundquist numbers, and aspect ratios suggest that TC advances the onset of fragmentation while RC has the opposite effect in comparison to the absence of energy losses. Reconnection takes place at a higher rate in the presence of TC and TC+RC in the tearing unstable CS. Speeds of plasmoids are also found to be higher under the effect of TC and TC+RC. In the presence of TC and TC+RC, average density becomes higher within the tearing unstable CS than in the other two cases. As expected, the estimated average temperature is increasing with the highest and lowest rates in the absence of energy losses and in the presence of both TC and RC, respectively. After the onset of fragmentation, the rate of decrement of average magnetic energy density and increment of average kinetic energy density becomes higher in the presence of TC and TC+RC than in the other two cases. Thus, we conclude that the presence of energy-loss mechanisms critically influences the dynamics, energetics, and plasmoid formation within a reconnecting coronal CS.
Constraining Solar Emission Radius at 42 MHz During the 2024 Total Solar Eclipse Using a Student-commissioned Radio Telescope
Authors: Young Olivia R. , Dolch Timothy E. , Helmboldt Joseph F. , Mentrek Christopher , Dartez Louis P. , Lam Michael T. , Sosa Fiscella Sophia V. , Bretl Evan , Joyce Colin , Loock Johannes , Meyer Grace , Peltzer Annabel , Petullo Joseph , Reed Parker , Sigtryggsson Emerson , Bassett Benjamin , Hawken Andrew B. , Heredia Alejandro Z. , Lettow Paige , Lewis Whit , Manna Mikayla , Mirochnikoff Nicholas , Zemcov Michael
Published: January 2025

Low-frequency solar radio emission is sourced in the solar corona, with sub-100 MHz radio emission largely originating from the ∼105 K plasma around 2 optical radii. However, the region of emission has yet to be constrained at 35–45 MHz due to both instrumentation limitations and the rarity of astronomical events, such as total solar eclipses, which allow for direct observational approaches. In this work, we present the results from a student-led project to commission a low-frequency radio telescope array situated in the path of totality of the 2024 total solar eclipse in an effort to probe the middle corona. The Deployable Low-Band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (DLITE) is a low-frequency radio array comprised of four dipole antennas, optimized to observe at 35–45 MHz, and capable of resolving the brightest radio sources in the sky. We constructed a DLITE station in Observatory Park, a dark-sky park in Montville, Ohio. Results of observations during the total solar eclipse demonstrate that DLITE stations can be quickly deployed for observations and provide constraints on the radius of solar emission at our center observing frequency of 42 MHz. In this work, we outline the construction of DLITE Ohio and the solar observation results from the total solar eclipse that transversed North America in 2024 April.
Effects of urbanization and floral diversity on the bee community (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in an oak forest in a Protected Natural Area of Mexico
Authors: Muñoz-Urias Alejandro , Araujo-Alanis Lisset , Huerta-Martínez Francisco Martín , Jacobo-Pereira Cesar , Razo-León Alvaro Edwin
Published: January 2025

Understanding the effects of urbanization on bee communities is essential for conservation and management programs for these pollinators. We investigated bee communities in two distinct land-use conditions in Mexico: one within the Bosque el Nixticuil-San Esteban-El Diente Natural Protected Area, which represents a conserved oak forest, and the other in a highly urbanized area in adjacent parks located approximately one kilometer from the conservation area in the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara with a population of 5.3 million. The objectives of the study were to 1) record the effects of urbanization on bee communities in terms of species richness, abundance and α and β diversity in an oak forest within a natural protected area and the adjacent urban area, and 2) identify the most susceptible bees and those that benefit from urbanization, and 3) to relate vegetation to bee communities. The results of the rarefaction analysis indicate that the protected natural area exhibited significantly higher richness and diversity than the urbanized area. Beta diversity analysis revealed a low species turnover, accompanied by a high rate of bee loss between conditions. A limited number of species demostrate an increase in abundance within urban areas, mainly Ceratina species, Augochlora smaragdina and Centris nitida. Furthermore, the richness of life history traits of bees was analysed. In all cases, the number of species decreased, with mainly non-eusocial, cavity or wood nesting, and polylectic feeding bees prevailing in the urban area. The richness and abundance of bees is related to the richness of plants, so it was expected to find more species and genera in the natural area. In conclusion, urbanization has a negative impact on the richness and diversity of bee communities, as well as on species composition.
Les écrits professionnels des enseignants : une compétence professionnelle aux enjeux majeurs à l’ère de l’éducation inclusive
Authors: Czuk Vel Ciuk Esther
Published: January 2025

La mise en œuvre d’une école basée sur le paradigme inclusif a profondément réformé le système éducatif français et entraîné la création de nouveaux écrits professionnels liés à la scolarisation des élèves dits à besoins éducatifs particuliers (Warnock, 1978). Pourtant récents au regard de l’historicité de l’école, ces écrits prennent une place importante dans le paysage professionnel des enseignants du XXI e siècle. Dans une démarche clinique d’orientation psychanalytique (Blanchard-Laville et al. , 2005), cet article se propose de questionner le rapport des enseignants à leur écriture professionnelle ainsi que les enjeux nouveaux liés à cette compétence professionnelle à l’ère de l’éducation inclusive. L’écrit professionnel y est envisagé comme un stigmate (Goffman, 1963/1975) qui marque deux deuils simultanés : celui de l’élève idéal et celui de l’enseignant idéal.
L’intervention socio-éducative auprès des familles minorisées La permanence du registre culturaliste en question
Authors: Unterreiner Anne , Manier Marion
Published: January 2025

Les travaux de recherche sur les familles migrantes et issues de l’immigration se sont fortement développés et complexifiés durant les dernières décennies, prenant progressivement leur distance avec les thèmes de l’intégration ou de l’assimilation culturelle pour privilégier l’étude des circulations migratoires, des discriminations et des questions minoritaires. Nos enquêtes qualitatives respectives (menées de 2004 à 2018) ainsi que nos expériences professionnelles dans différents secteurs d’intervention sociale (en tant que chercheuses institutionnelles ou formatrices), nous amènent pourtant à interroger la prégnance du culturalisme dans le champ de l’intervention socio-éducative. En effet, malgré les recherches actuelles, l’usage du registre de l’intégration culturelle et, parfois, d’une vision culturaliste, reste central auprès de ces publics. Sans prétendre à l’exhaustivité, cet article explore différentes pistes d’explication à la centralité de la question culturelle dans ce champ et interroge certains de ses effets et quelques alternatives à la pensée du tout culturel .
Geriatric Syndromes in Older Adults With and Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Elmotia Khadija , Abouyaala Oumaima , Bougrine Soukaina , Ouahidi Moulay Laarbi
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Diabetes prevalence is increasing among older adults globally. The current study aimed to compare geriatric syndrome prevalence in older adults with and without diabetes.

Method

Primary research (2011 to 2024) in English, French, or Spanish was included. We used multiple databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pooled log odds ratios (ORs) and prevalence rates were calculated using random-effects models. Sensitivity analysis explored heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed.

Results

Older adults with diabetes exhibited higher prevalence rates of cognitive impairment (9.13% vs. 4.22%, log OR: 0.1884), depression (8.96% vs. 5.44%, log OR: 0.3543), falls (11.5% vs. 4.47%, log OR: 0.4237), functional impairment (14.2% vs. 10.6%, log OR: 1.02), urinary incontinence (9.72% vs. 4.35%, log OR: 1.3668), frailty (22.8% vs. 12.1%, log OR: 1.3443), and polypharmacy (22.9% vs. 5.78%, log OR: 2.5420). Diabetes was also associated with a higher comorbidity burden.

Conclusion

Multidisciplinary strategies addressing diabetes and associated conditions are crucial for older adults with diabetes. Future research should delve into underlying mechanisms and optimize care strategies. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx
(x), xx–xx.]
A Study of the Social Environment of Various Professions and Professionals Involved in the Polity of Ancient Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissanayaka R. M. G. W.
Published: January 2025

The Pūrva and Apara Brāhmī inscriptions, written between the 3rd century BC and the 1st century AD, serve as a mirror reflecting the various professions and professionals, their social environment, and their status within the polity of ancient Sri Lanka. In the ancient government organization of Sri Lanka, there appears to have been a system of officialdom, including positions such as Minister, Treasurer, General, Inspector of Accounts, and others. These officials became more organized within the state structure following the coronation of King Duṭṭhagāmini. (161 – 137 BC) However, this article does not focus on these professions or their titles. Instead, its primary purpose is to uncover the various types of professions established within the government organization, the individuals engaged in these professions, and their status in the social environment of that time. Through the Brāhmī inscriptions, we can identify the established professions, their functions within the state organization of ancient Sri Lanka, the individuals engaged in these professions, and the true nature of their social conditions. This research aims to highlight these aspects. As mentioned above, it was possible to identify numerous individuals who held positions such as minister, general, treasurer, and accountant within the state organization through the Brāhmī inscriptions. The leading positions in the government organization were held mainly by those recognized as superior in the social hierarchy, often with titles like Parumakaand Gamika, who held significant societal roles. Given that these individuals led the social organization and villages at the time, it can be concluded that King Dutugemunu likely gathered parumakas and gamikaswith experience in governance and social management while building the state organization centred in Anuradhapura. It appears that the state organization at that time was well-established based on their experience, loyalty to the king, and trust in the king. Additionally, the Brāhmī inscriptions reveal that these officials received significant recognition and status within the social organization of that era.
Advanced Computational Techniques for Dysgraphia Prediction through Handwriting Recognition Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Weraduwa S. , Asanka P. P. G. D. , Mahanama T. V.
Published: January 2025

This systematic review critically examines the utilization of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques in detecting and predicting Dysgraphia through handwriting recognition. The primary research objective is to systematically assess the significance, contributions, performance, and limitations of recent technological advances in identifying dysgraphic patients. Employing a structured search and selection methodology based on the PRISMA protocol, 34 peer-reviewed studies from key academic databases, including IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, were comprehensively analyzed. The review methodology focused extensively on data collection methods, ethical considerations, preprocessing approaches, feature extraction and selection techniques, and the performance metrics of various ML models in dysgraphia prediction. Our key findings indicate that a Hybrid AI method combining convolutional neural networks and support vector machines demonstrates high accuracy rates, reaching up to 99.33%. This systematic review compares machine learning and deep learning use in diagnosing Dysgraphia through handwriting recognition with traditional cognitive evaluations, highlighting the latter's lack of scalability and high labour demands. Additionally, this review highlights that research on Dysgraphia has mainly focused on Latin scripts, overlooking the unique challenges of non-Latin scripts. It stresses the importance of including diverse linguistic data for more accurate global diagnoses. Additionally, Dysgraphia is influenced by cognitive, motor, and language skills, underscoring the need for multimodal data to enhance early detection and treatment effectiveness. The paper advocates for research that integrates various data types and expands linguistic diversity in training datasets, aiming to improve the diagnostic accuracy and global applicability of dysgraphia detection tools.
Impact of physical activity on cardiovascular health in firefighters: Scoping review
Authors: Achmat Ghaleelullah , Erasmus Charlene , Kanaley Jill , November Rucia , Leach Lloyd
Published: January 2025

Background: Firefighters’ duties include fire response, emergency medical treatment and rescue operations. Noncompliance with physical activity (PA) guidelines increases adverse health behaviours and the risk of on-duty fatalities. While PA is known to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD), its impact on risky health behaviours in firefighters is under-researched.Aim: This scoping review aimed to evaluate PA’s effects on firefighters’ cardiovascular health.Method: The review followed PRISMA-ScR and PRISMA Protocol standards, involving a comprehensive search across databases like Cochrane, PubMed, Medline, EbscoHost, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL (EBSCO), SAGE Journals, ScienceDirect and Scopus, covering publications up to June 2023. The purpose was to compile evidence on PA programs’ effects on fire and rescue services (FRS).Results: Five intervention studies were included, examining PA effects on firefighters with smoking habits, poor diet, alcohol consumption and sedentary lifestyles. These interventions recommend 150 minutes per week of aerobic, flexibility and strength activities. Firefighters should be guided to initiate and maintain 150 minutes of PA weekly to promote health strategies.Conclusion: The study concludes that integrating lifestyle changes with low- and moderate-intensity PA into fire services is crucial for improving health risk behaviours (HRBs). Implementing multilevel interventions is necessary to drive policy changes supporting firefighters facing HRBs.Contribution: Educating firefighters about these behaviours is essential, fostering an understanding of healthy alternatives.
Unraveling a Rare Right-Sided Pleural Effusion in a Young Female: A Case of Pancreaticopleural Fistula
Authors: Ananth P. Prem , Raj S. Raghul , Anand R. , Nagarajan N.
Published: January 2025

Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is a rare complication of chronic pancreatitis, involving abnormal communication between the pancreatic duct and pleural cavity. It often presents with nonspecific respiratory symptoms, making diagnosis challenging. We report the case of a 33-year-old female with massive right-sided pleural effusion, which is uncommon in PPF. Treatment with antibiotics, chest drainage, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stent placement led to symptom resolution. This case underscores the need to consider PPF in atypical pleural effusions.
A Rare Case of Testicular Tuberculosis Mimicking as Testicular Malignancy
Authors: Rishabh S. , Krishnamoorthy K. , Pratheeban T. Joseph , Mathan E. , Hameed O. M. Rahman Shahul
Published: January 2025

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) represents 10%–15% of TB cases, with lymph nodes being the most frequent site in India. Genital TB is uncommon, and testicular TB is rarer, still accounting for only 3% of genital TB cases. Isolated testicular TB is extremely rare and often mimics other testicular conditions, such as malignancy, complicating diagnosis. We present a case involving a 49-year-old male with diabetes and a history of smoking, who experienced bilateral scrotal swelling and pain over 3 months, accompanied by weight loss. He had no history of respiratory complaints, fever, TB, or significant medical history. Physical examination revealed bilateral scrotal swelling (3 cm × 3 cm) and multiple inguinal lymph nodes. Scrotal ultrasound demonstrated bilateral heterogeneously hypoechoic masses, while magnetic resonance imaging of the scrotum and testis identified solid cystic lesions with heterogeneous enhancement. Serum alpha-fetoprotein and lactate dehydrogenase levels were within normal limits. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography revealed metabolically active lesions in both testes and several lymph nodes. Chest X-ray was normal. With a strong suspicion of malignancy, the patient underwent bilateral high inguinal orchiectomy. Histopathological analysis of the excised tissue showed dense epithelioid granulomas with caseous necrosis, indicative of TB. The patient was commenced on antitubercular therapy, with plans for continued monitoring. Although rare, isolated testicular TB should be included in the differential diagnosis of testicular masses. Prompt recognition and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures and ensure optimal management.
The Safety and Efficacy of Chemical Pleurodesis Agents in Patients with Malignant Pleural Effusion Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kathamuthu Venkateshwaran , Balakrishnan Rajeshkumar , Rajendran Saravanavasan , Rathinam Prabhakaran
Published: January 2025

Background:

Pleurodesis alleviates symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, cough and prevents recurrent pleural collections which require repeated thoracentesis. Pleurodesis improves the quality of life as a minimally invasive procedure. Chemical pleurodesis is preferred through tube thoracostomy in limited resource settings. The ideal sclerosing agent should be easily administered, safe, inexpensive, and widely available. The commonly used agents in tertiary care hospitals are talc (10 mg/kg), doxycycline (100 mg/kg), and povidone-iodine (20 mL, 10%). As there was no studies comparing these three together which are widely available in all limited resource settings, this study was conducted to find an efficacious, cost-effective, and safer agent among these three used in patients with malignant pleural effusion.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of the chemical pleurodesis agents used in patients with malignant pleural effusion.

Methods:

The study was conducted on 30 patients of malignant pleural effusion admitted to the department of respiratory medicine in the tertiary care hospital. In each of these patients, an intercostal tube of size appropriate to the patient was inserted into the fifth intercostal space along the mid-axillary line. Pleurodesis was performed in order with agents: (1) doxycycline, (2) povidone-iodine, and (3) talc, respectively, if the pleural drain was <150 mL/day and no air leak following the complete expansion of the lung after intercostal drainage. Patients were clinically and radiologically assessed with computed tomography chest on discharge, 1 month, and at the 3rd month for response.

Results:

Out of 30 patients, 21 patients had complete response (70%). Among those, 9 patients (43%) were treated with talc, 7 patients (33%) were treated with povidone-iodine, and 5 patients were treated with doxycycline (24%). Talc was superior and povidone was nearly efficacious to talc. But doxycycline was inferior at the end of 3 months (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Povidone-iodine had an adequate response nearly equal to the talc which was a highly efficacious pleurodesis agent. Doxycycline had 50% failure and requires repeated pleurodesis for a successful outcome. Most of the adverse events were mild to moderate and were evenly distributed in all groups and could be managed conservatively.
Repair of Leaking Fronto-Ethmoidal Meningoencephalocele with Radix Augmentation: Management and Review of Operative Techniques
Authors: Sawant Ninad , Kedia Shweta , Gupta Deepak , Darbari Shaurya , Saha Shivangi , Biradar Harshavardhan , Kale Shashank
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Leaking encephalocele is an emergency condition. The primary goal is to prevent meningitis by stopping cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and adequately repairing the defect. Most of the time, there is no time for extensive preoperative planning to achieve good cosmetic reconstruction. Many techniques have been described for radix augmentation, and rib grafts are commonly used. No standard construction of local bone pieces for radix augmentation has been reported in the literature. Here, we describe a radix augmentation construct from local bone osteotomies performed during craniotomies. Bone pieces from the inner table of the bifrontal craniotomy bone and bone from the central bone piece of the fronto-orbital bandeau were used for the construct. Two separate incisions were made, one on the encephalocele and the other on the bicoronal incision, followed by bifrontal craniotomy and transcranial repair of the encephalocele sac. There were excellent cosmetic outcomes without postoperative complications. Radix augmentation can be performed using this local bone construct without harvesting the grafts from distant tissues. Data access statement: All relevant data from the patient’s operative and perioperative management are within the paper and its supporting information files.
Atypical Neuroimaging Findings in Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Kamate Mahesh , Basavanagowda Thanuja
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) is an important and most common cause of pediatric autoimmune encephalitis. Neuroimaging in NMDARE is usually normal, but there can be involvement of the hippocampus or temporal cortex in some cases. However, imaging findings involving the thalamus, basal ganglia, and parietal cortex have rarely been reported. Awareness about the varied imaging patterns of this treatable condition is important as diagnostic delay can affect management and prognosis. We must also be aware of the overlap syndromes and rule out co-existing etiologies before attributing the extensive changes to one condition alone.
Discrete group actions on 3-manifolds and embeddable Cayley complexes
Authors: Georgakopoulos Agelos , Kontogeorgiou George
Published: January 2025

We prove that a group

$\Gamma $

admits a discrete, topological (equivalently, smooth) action on some simply connected 3-manifold if and only if

$\Gamma $

has a Cayley complex embeddable—with certain natural restrictions—in one of the following four 3-manifolds: (i)

$\mathbb {S}^3$

, (ii)

$\mathbb {R}^3$

, (iii)

$\mathbb {S}^2 \times \mathbb R$

, and (iv) the complement of a tame Cantor set in

$\mathbb {S}^3$

. The fact that these are the only simply connected 3-manifolds that allow such actions is a consequence of the Thurston–Perelman geometrization theorem.