bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Franciszkańscy męczennicy z Japonii w kulturze religijnej i sztuce Nowej Hiszpanii i Wicekrólestwa Peru
Authors: Kubiak Ewa , Bieñko de Peralta Doris
Published: February 2025

Prezentowany artykuł ma na celu prześledzenie recepcji i obrazowania na terenie amerykańskich kolonii hiszpańskich wydarzeń, które miały miejsce 5 lutego 1597 roku w Japonii w Nagasaki (męczeństwa franciszkanów). Relacje opisujące śmierć zakonników bardzo szybko dotarły do terytorium Nowej Hiszpanii i Wicekrólestwa Peru, a beatyfikacja w 1627 roku była pretekstem do wydania publikacji, organizacji obchodów w przestrzeni publicznej i tworzenia przedstawień wizualnych upamiętniających męczenników. W tekście zostały scharakteryzowane sceny wielopostaciowe, za równo z Meksyku, jak i Peru. Przedstawienia zostały ukazane w kilku perspektywach, zaprezentowano ikonografię i tradycję martyrologiczną zakonu franciszkanów oraz scharakteryzowano różnorodne funkcje narracyjnej opowieści gloryfikującej męczenników na Dalekim Wschodzie. Wskazano, że wizualizacje miały na celu propagowanie postawy prawdziwego chrześcijanina w obliczu zagrożeń, co znajdowało odzwierciedlenie w realiach amerykańskich w czasie działalności misyjnej zakonników. Ostatni aspekt przedstawień, który został scharakteryzowany w tekście artykułu, to funkcja dydaktyczno-ewangelizacyjna malowideł.
Badania finansowane przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki w ramach projektu „W Tlalokanie św. Franciszka – synkretyzm religijny i dialog międzykulturowy w chrześcijańskich tekstach «Cantares Mexicanos»” (nr grantu 021/43/D/HS3/00386).
„Maria Anto, fenomen w Galerii Cortina” – wyjątkowe odkrycie Dino Buzzatiego w Warszawie
Authors: Reinhard Chlanda Małgorzata
Published: February 2025

Najbardziej spektakularny sukces Marii Anto we Włoszech przypadł na lata 70. „Odkrywcą” Anto dla Włoch był Dino Buzzati, który uznał polską artystkę za jedną z najbardziej oryginalnych osobowości w dziedzinie współczesnej sztuki fantastycznej. Jej malarstwem zafascynował się podczas wizyty w Warszawie w 1969 roku. Sławnego pisarza i malarkę łączył niewątpliwie pokrewny typ wyobraźni poetyckiej, klimat obrazowania. Dzięki rekomendacji pisarza, w 1971 roku w renomowanej Galerii Cortina w Mediolanie odbyła się duża indywidualna wystawa prac Anto. Wydarzenie to znalazło spory oddźwięk w środowisku artystyczno-intelektualnym Mediolanu. Obszerny esej w katalogu poświęcił artystce znany krytyk i poeta Roberto Sanesi. Na łamach prasy m.in. „Corriere della Sera” wystawę komentowali: Dino Buzzati, Raffaele Carrieri, Emillio Radius. Krytycy próbowali określić fenomen twórczości Anto, poszukiwali swoistości i odniesień kulturowych jej malarstwa. W ślad za pierwszym mediolańskim sukcesem artystka wystawiała we Włoszech jeszcze kilkakrotnie, w ciągu piętnastu lat do 1996. Pokazywała prace w galeriach Mediolanu, Werony, Triestu, Parmy, Vicenzy i Rzymu.
Symbol
Authors: Lipecka Zofia
Published: February 2025

Zofia Lipecka posługuje się w swoich pracach artystycznych symbolami, traktując je jako podstawę ikonograficzną narracji dzieł. Niniejszy tekst jest odautorskim komentarzem. Pojawiają się w nim istotne odwołania do teorii filozoficznych i antropologicznych, w powiązaniu z głęboką analizą znaczeń ikonicznych elementów. Wypowiedź artystki jest intelektualnym przewodnikiem po labiryntach jej twórczości.
Effect of Herb Urtica dioica as Feed Additive on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical, Immune Response and Oxidative Parameters of Broilers
Authors: Mehboob Subata , Ganai Abdul Majeed , Sheikh G.G. , Beigh Y.A. , Nissa Shaista S. , Shubeena Sheikh
Published: February 2025

Background: Considering the increasingly high cost of poultry feed and the economic aspects of poultry rearing, search for organic feed supplements for optimal growth performance along with maintaining the health status of poultry has emerged as a challenge for animal nutritionists all over the world. Over the years, medicinal herbs have fascinated a lot of consideration for their important role as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in animals. These compounds display some important pharmacological and growth promoting effects in animals. With this background, exploratory research was designed to study the effects of a locally available medicinal herb, Urtica dioica at different levels on the performance, serum biochemical, immune response and oxidative parameters of broilers. Methods: A total of 120-day old commercial broiler chicks were purchased; randomly distributed into four treatment groups. The groups were distributed as; group T1-control offered basal diet, groups T2, T3, T4 offered basal diet supplemented with Urtica dioica leaf powder @ 1, 1.5 and 2% respectively on dry matter basis. A growth trial of five weeks followed by a metabolic trial of seven days was conducted at the end of the experiment. The economics for broiler production was also calculated. In addition to this different biochemical, immune and oxidative parameter were also analyzed at the end of the experiment following standard procedures. Result: Significant improvements in various production parameters viz. body weight, FCR, digestibility of DM, CP were observed in birds fed nettle as feed additive in comparison to control, however non-significant changes in the values of feed intake, digestibility of CF, EE and NFE among treatment groups was also recorded. On calculating the economics, a lower production cost per kg live weight gain and a higher profit/bird was calculated for treatment groups fed nettle as feed additive. Significant improvements in various biochemical, immune and oxidative parameters were also observed in birds of phytogenic supplemented groups in comparison to control.
Effect of Zinc Supplementation and Varietal Different Cereal based Diet on Blood Chemistry and Tissue Changes in Rhode Island Red Chicken
Authors: Sudhakar Londhe Arvind , Rahal Anshu , Batra Munish , Mondal B.C. , Palod Jyoti , Ambwani Sonu
Published: February 2025

Background: Black wheat is rich in polyphenols and anthocyanin pigments which causes health benefits. Zinc mineral is important for protein synthesis and has major role to play in disease resistance and reproductive health improvement in poultry. Methods: The present study was aimed to assess the effects of zinc supplementation through diverse cereal-based diets on blood chemistry and tissue changes in Rhode Island Red (RIR) chickens. Total 270-day-old RIR chicks were divided randomly in nine Treatment groups. Group T1 was kept as control while in T2 Nano zinc @30 ppm, T3 inorganic zinc @30 ppm, T4 black wheat @ 10 kg/100 kg of feed, T5 black wheat @ 10 kg/100 kg of feed + nano zinc @30 ppm, T6black wheat @ 10 kg/100 kg of feed + inorganic zinc @30 ppm, T7 wheat cultivar @ 10 kg/100 kg of feed, T8wheat cultivar @ 10 kg/100 kg of feed + Nano zinc @30 ppm and T9 wheat cultivar @ 10 kg/100 kg of feed + inorganic zinc @30 ppm was supplemented. Blood samples were collected at 90thdays post treatment and histopathological changes were noted. Result: Significantly increased (Pd”0.05) blood glucose was recorded with no significant difference in the haematological values in treatment groups. Gross lesions in liver, were seen only in T2 and T3 while in kidney these were seen only in T6 and T3. Histopathological lesions in liver and intestine were severest in group T2 while in kidney in T6. Supplementation of zinc-cereal enriched diets can have impact on avian health, highlighting their crucial significance in poultry nutrition.
Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles using Pea Peel Biomass and Their Assessment on Seed Germination of Tomato, Chilli and Brinjal Crop
Authors: Kanwal Anjali , Singh Bikram Jit , Kumar Suresh , Sehgal Rippin , Upadhyay Sushil Kumar , Singh Raj
Published: February 2025

Background: Modern agriculture heavily relies on chemical fertilizers, which can harm the ecosystem. Applying fertilizers based on nanoparticles (NPs) topically at ppm levels provides a faster and more efficient way to capture essential nutrients for plant growth and development. The “green” synthesis of NPs has become more and more popular as a means of achieving sustainability and environmental protection. Nano-fertilizers have been used to increase crop yields. Methods: In the present study, zinc, iron and manganese NPs were green synthesized and characterized. Their aqueous solution assessment was also carried out on the tomato, chilli and brinjal crop seed germination. The extract of the pea peel biomass is used as the reducing agent to synthesize ZnO, Fe2O3 and MnO2 NPs. The triplicates of each crop, consisting of sterilized 20 tomato, chilli and brinjal seeds, were sprayed with ZnO, Fe2O3 and MnO2 NPs at varying concentrations (10, 20 and 50 ppm). Result: Through peak-matching and the formation of an FT-IR band in the 400-800 cm-1 region, XRD examination verified that the NPs were produced. UV-visible spectroscopy proved the particles’ direct band gap nature, whereas FE-SEM showed their spherical shape, agglomerated multiform and globular dispersion. The particles’ diameters ranged from 40 to 120 nm. The maximum germination frequency (25.00) of brinjal seeds was observed in Mn with seed vigour (88.33), followed by ZnFeMn (23.75) and Zn (22.50) NPs for 20 ppm. Zn was found effective for germination in all crop seeds with germination frequency (20.00 to 22.50). This study demonstrated the importance of green nanoparticles, which are economical and environmentally benign, on seed germination. Therefore, we must develop new approaches to address various challenges and ensure sufficient food for everyone. A useful tool for assisting farmers in implementing new techniques and guaranteeing steady agricultural yields is nanotechnology.
The use of plant bio-active compounds and other alternative therapeutic strategies in organic dairy farming
Authors:   Wageningen University & Research. The Netherlands, Groot Maria , Maeschli Ariane ,   Research Institute for Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Switzerland, Walkenhorst Michael ,   Research Institute for Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Switzerland
Published: February 2025

Under organic legislation farmers are encouraged to use natural methods to keep animals healthy. In addition to appropriate breed, feed, balanced productivity, environmental management and hygiene, this includes the use of homeopathy, phytotherapy and minerals, providing they are effective. Since the general ban on antibiotic growth promoters in animal feed in the EU (Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003) there has been a rise in the availability of botanical feed additives and complementary feeds. Ethnoveterinary use of herbal medicine is still prevalent in several countries in Europe. Veterinary drugs based on herbs are also available though the number of products is declining. This chapter reviews the dairy health issues for which natural products are used as well as the current scientific basis for these products, knowledge gaps and how these might be addressed.
Asociación entre la gestación de la abuela materna a una edad mayor a 35 años y el riesgo en el nieto de presentar síndrome Down en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño – Breña del 2021 al 2024
Authors:   , Amayo Cabrera Miara Yahaira , Espinosa Suarez Alejandra Paola
Published: February 2025

Existen estudios controversiales que discuten sobre la influencia de la edad de la abuela materna como factor de riesgo de la trisomía 21 libre. Además, a la fecha, no existen publicaciones sobre la relación de la edad paterna como riesgo en la cardiopatía congénita en el síndrome Down.
Objetivos del estudio: Determinar la asociación entre la gestación a una edad mayor a 35 años de la abuela materna y la presencia del síndrome Down en el nieto en pacientes del Instituto Nacional de salud del Niño (INSN) Breña del 2021 al 2024.
Metodología: Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo de casos y controles. El muestreo fue por conveniencia con 290 participantes (145 casos y 145 controles) de los cuales los casos fueron pacientes con el diagnóstico de síndrome Down con trisomía 21 libre menores de 18 años y los controles, aquellas personas que no presenten diagnostico ni sospecha de alguna patología genética, radiquen actualmente en Lima y que tengan menos de 18 años. Se calculó el Odds Ratio e intervalos de confianza al 95%, usando regresión logística y se consideró un valor p<0.05 como estadísticamente significativo. El estudio fue derivado al comité de ética de la Universidad Científica del Sur y al Comité Institucional de Ética de Investigación del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (Breña).
Resultado: El sexo masculino se observó en los controles y casos en el 54,5% y 57,9%, respectivamente. Las medidas de tendencia central de la edad parental en los casos fueron mayores con relación a los controles, mientras que las edades de los abuelos, no se observó diferencias. La edad materna es el factor de riesgo más importante observándose que aumenta en 1,16 veces por cada año.
The Impact of Conflict Management on Police Officers’ Job Satisfaction
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Kang Young Cheoul , Choi Nak Bum
Published: February 2025

Conflict in the workplace yields both positive and negative effects. Conflict can lead to positive organizational effectiveness when it is acknowledged and managed. Private sector has emphasized the importance of conflict management, and its management methods have spread to the public sector. Previous research have studied the impact of conflict management strategies on employee’s behavioral changes and the relationships between conflict management and organizational outcomes. Despite the expansion of conflict management research, little attention has been devoted to the empirical studies on the effects of conflict management strategies in the police organization. Recently, the Korean national police agency has adopted the autonomous police system and reorganized the organizational structure, which gives rise to the conflict in the decision-making process. Therefore, manager’s of the police organization have recognized the importance of good conflict management strategies. The focus of this study in on the dynamic effects of those strategies on workplace practices, outcomes, and other behavioral dimensions such as job satisfactions, organizational commitment and effectiveness.
This study examines the impact of conflict management strategies on police officer’s job satisfaction. Based on the theoretical model that depicts three types of conflict management, we examines positive and negative effects of each types on the job satisfaction. In order to verify theoretical assumptions, a survey was conducted targeting 427 police officers and multiple regression analysis was used to find a linear relationship between two variables. In addition, moderating effects of organizational justice in the relationship between conflict management and job satisfactions was examined. Results showed that compromising-collaboration strategy has a positive impact on the dependent variable. The statistical significance of the moderating role of organizational justice was found.
The Impact of Citizens’ Perception of Police Legitimacy on the Willingness to Accept AI CCTV Technology
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Kim Dosun , Kim Yeon Soo
Published: February 2025

AI technology is increasingly being explored as a strategic tool for enhancing security. However, concerns surrounding privacy infringement and inherent biases in such technologies have raised significant challenges to their widespread acceptance. Real-time facial recognition and object recognition systems, in particular, necessitate public empathy and support to function effectively. Police legitimacy and procedural justice have emerged as critical mechanisms for fostering public trust and cooperation in law enforcement activities. Understanding the role of police legitimacy in shaping public acceptance of AI-driven strategies like AI CCTV is crucial in the context of public security.
This study, grounded in Tyler's procedural justice theory, sought to examine the influence of perceptions of police legitimacy on citizens' willingness to accept AI CCTV and their readiness to share personal information. A survey of 1,101 general citizens was conducted to explore these dynamics. The findings confirmed procedural fairness as a key factor, as argued by Tyler. Procedural fairness positively influenced the acceptance of AI CCTV through its indirect effects on compliance obligations, trust in the police, and a willingness to provide personal information. Furthermore, police effectiveness was shown to have a positive indirect impact on AI CCTV acceptance, mediated through trust in the police and willingness to share information.
In contrast, distributive fairness did not significantly affect citizen cooperation and was found to negatively influence the acceptance of AI technology. This negative association may reflect a tendency to view technological solutions as alternatives to address perceived shortcomings in police performance. These findings underscore the importance of procedural justice in shaping public attitudes toward AI-based security measures.
The research offers meaningful insights for law enforcement agencies in formulating effective security strategies that incorporate AI CCTV. It also provides a foundation for developing targeted approaches to achieve public consensus and support. Policymakers can utilize these results as evidence to guide the creation of security policies that balance technological innovation with public trust, ensuring the legitimacy and fairness of AI-driven solutions in public security contexts.
The Effect of Person-Environment Fit on Innovative Behaviors of Police Officer
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Kim DongRok , Kim ManHee
Published: February 2025

According to a press release from the National Police Agency on September 18, 2023, the police organization will be reorganized to focus on crime prevention and response in order to promote the reorganization of the National Police Agency and strengthen frontline policing capabilities. This study is important for the growth and development of police organizations to overcome the current crisis. And it is thought to be helpful for the members of the organization in taking innovative actions according to their needs. The number of studies on the relationship between environmental fit and innovative behavior of police officers is still limited, and there are no studies on individual-environmental fit in relation to innovative behavior. This study seeks to improve the understanding of police officers' innovative behaviors and creative idea development, which can contribute to improving the efficiency and quality of work performance in police organizations. This study explores strategies and tools that can attract police officers' innovative behavior and creativity, and provides guidelines that can be applied in the field. In addition, based on the analysis results, this study aims to provide useful implications for future police organization and human resource management policy makers to develop strategies to improve the level of innovative behavior of police officers and to establish related policies. The main analysis methods were multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis to examine the impact of the independent variable, person-environment fit on innovation behavior and how the explanatory power changes by stage. The hierarchical regression analysis showed that among the control variables in Model 4, tenure (=.15, p<.05) was statistically significant, and job fit (=.50, p<.001) and supervisor fit (=.15, p<.001) all had a significant positive effect on innovation behavior. In other words, the higher tenure, job fit, and supervisor fit are shown, the higher innovation behavior is drawn. However, organizational fit was not statistically significant when all the sub-variables of individual and environmental fit were entered hierarchically. Among the variables in Model 4, tenure was found to be significant for innovation behavior. To investigate further, we divided the number of years of work experience into 10-year groups to see if innovation behavior varies by group. This study suggests that it is important to develop policies that manage and support individuals to maintain their fit through positive interactions with their job duties and supervisors. This will induce police officers to engage in innovative work behaviors in response to the rapidly changing policing environment, thereby improving the development and organizational performance of police organizations.
Impact of Defendant and Victim Ethnicity and Juror Gender on Punitive Judgments in a Mock Rape Case
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Kim Yujin , Song Hyojong
Published: February 2025

Public perceptions of crime and tendencies in punitive judgment can influence the criminal justice process. Negative attitudes, particularly fear and prejudice towards social minorities, may result in harsher punitive judgments and actual biased punishments. This study conducted a randomized scenario experiment with 300 adult men and women in South Korea to examine the independent and interaction effects of defendant and victim ethnicity and participants’ gender on punitive judgments(guilt, probability of guilt, and sentencing) in a mock rape case. The results revealed significant differences in guilt and probability of guilt judgments, although not in sentencing judgments. Participants perceived a Korean-Chinese male defendants as more likely to be guilty than a Korean male defendant. Similarly, defendants were judged more likely to be guilty when the victim was a Korean-Chinese woman compared to a Korean woman. Gender differences among participants were also found: female participants tended to find the defendant guilty regardless of ethnicity, especially when the victim was Korean, whereas male participants showed a higher likelihood of finding the defendant guilty when the victim was Korean-Chinese. The study concludes with a discussion of its theoretical implications and methodological limitations.
Assessing the Challenges of India’s No-Employment Policy for International Students
Authors: Noori Mohammad Ozair , Mohammady Khanullah
Published: February 2025

International students often face significant financial challenges due to tuition fees, living expenses and restricted access to financial aid. This study examines the impact of financial stress on students' perceptions of the no-employment policy, perceived benefits of part-time work, and career development. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis on primary data, the study finds that higher financial stress is associated with negative perceptions of the employment restriction and a stronger belief in the benefits of part-time work. Moreover, these perceptions influence students’ views on career development, highlighting the broader implications of employment restrictions on international students financial and professional well-being. The findings suggest that policymakers should reconsider employment restrictions for foreign students, as allowing part-time work could provide crucial financial support while enhancing career development opportunities.
A novel mechanism of the cachexia-promoting action of chemotherapy drugs fluorouracil and cisplatin
Authors: Lima Edson , Zhang Guohua , Zhang Zicheng , Gao Song , Wu Hongyu , Flores Rene , Yousif Omar , Li Min , Rodney George , Li Yi-Ping
Published: February 2025

Chemotherapy often contributes to cachexia, a lethal comorbidity of cancer characterized by
muscle wasting, resulting in poor therapeutic outcomes. Previous studies have shown that
frequently prescribed chemotherapy medications fluorouracil and cisplatin are toxic to skeletal
muscle directly, particularly at supratherapeutic doses without causing muscle catabolism. Here,
we show that therapeutic doses of fluorouracil and cisplatin, indirectly stimulate muscle catabolism
to increase muscle wasting by potentiating the cachexia-inducing capacity of cancer. At therapeutic
doses that effectively reduce tumor volume, fluorouracil and cisplatin potentiate muscle wasting
in KPC tumor-bearing mice by stimulating KPC cell release of EVs enriched with Hsp70 and
Hsp90 that stimulate muscle catabolism. Fluorouracil and cisplatin stimulate EV release by
upregulating Rab27a/b via activating NF-κB. In contrast, non-cachectic cancer cells respond to the
drugs by releasing EVs not enriched with Hsp70/90. These data reveal a novel mechanism and
potential therapeutic strategies for the cachexia-promoting action of fluorouracil and cisplatin.
Life-cycle management of fetal short femur length caused by achondroplasia: A case report
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhong huaxiang , Wu Qingsong , Luo Xu , Lu xueqin , Cong Wenjie
Published: February 2025

Achondroplasia (ACH) is the most common non-lethal skeletal dysplasia and can lead to short femur length (FL), which is uncommon in the pediatric setting. This case report describes a case of fetal short FL caused by ACH, which was detected by routine ultrasonography during the 26th week of gestation in a 24-year-old woman. Based on the theory of the Bowen family system, the study followed the fetus and her family for 2.5 years, observed and analyzed the growth and development of the fetus, and provided psychological support to the family. In cases like this, life-cycle management is crucial and beneficial to ensure the healthy development and growth of the fetus with short femur length in the long term.
Visual quality after implantation of trifocal intraocular lenses with different diopter values in the two eyes
Authors: Zeng Yanfeng , Ma Qiyao , Qu Yuancheng , Wang Dongqing , Zhou Xiaoli , Wang Xiaoqin
Published: February 2025

This retrospective, non-randomized, comparative study aimed to evaluate visual quality and patient satisfaction after implantation of trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with different diopter values in the two eyes.It was conducted from September 2021 to June 2023 at Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University. Patients were divided into two groups.There were 62 eyes (31 patients) with IOL diopter difference > 1.0D (degree) in the study group and 62 eyes (31 patients) with IOL diopter difference ≤ 1.0D in the control group. Far, intermediate, and near vison, modulation transfer function (MTF), Strehl ratio (SR), higher-order aberrations, pupil shift during day and night, tertiary visual function, subjective visual quality in both groups were comparatively assessed.There were no statistically significant differences in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and uncorrected intermediate visual (UIVA) for both eyes and the right eyes between the two groups. There were also no statistically significant differences in MTF, SR, simultaneous vision, fusion vision, coma, spherical aberration, VF-14-CN scores ,UDVA, UIVA and uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) for the left eyes between the two groups. UNVA levels of both eyes and the right eyes, higher-order, trefoil aberrations and glare were better in the control group than in the study group. Stereopsis was improved in the control group versus the study group. Night glare correlated with IOL diopter difference. The spectacle independence rate reached 100% in both groups.The study group had corrected anisometropia in both eyes, but stereopsis and near vision were inferior in these patients compared with the control group.
A Rapid Screening Approach to Identify Resistance to Basil Bacterial Leaf Spot (Pseudomonas cichorii)
Authors: Barrett Alexander J. , Patel Nrupali , Kobayashi Don , Wyenandt Christian A. , Simon James E.
Published: February 2025

Basil (Ocimum spp.) is among the most economically important culinary herbs grown worldwide. Ocimum basilicum includes both the European style sweet basil and the distinct Thai basil. Field, greenhouse, and indoor production practices involve growing dense compact stands that facilitate ideal conditions for the development of significant foliar diseases. One such disease, which has increased in prevalence and severity over the past decade throughout basil production regions in the United States and Europe, is bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by the pathogen Pseudomonas cichorii, a common bacterial pathogen with a broad host range including both wild plant species and commercial crops. Under favorable conditions, BLS is capable of causing significant losses before harvest, with growers currently having few economically viable chemical controls available for the disease. At present, no known resistance to BLS exists in commercially available cultivars. This study establishes a rapid pathogenicity screening assay for identification of potential BLS resistant germplasm within the O. basilicum and broader Ocimum genus for use in breeding genetically resistant lines. Three basil accessions, ‘Lettuce Leaf’ (O. basilicum), ‘Mrs. Burns’ Lemon’ (O. africanum), and the coded Rutgers’ ‘RUGBX 88’ (Ocimum spp.), were inoculated with P. cichorii at 108 CFUs and screened for disease severity at the cotyledon, first true leaf, second true leaf, and mature growth stage (four to five nodes). Disease severity scores (0 to 5) were assessed daily from 3 to 6 days post-inoculation (DPI) to determine the best growth stage for rapid screening purposes. Disease severity scores at the cotyledon and first true leaf stage displayed significant variation from mature plants while there were no significant differences (Dunn’s test, α = 0.05) in ratings between the second true leaf stage and maturity for all three accessions; the second true leaf growth stage was then selected to screen a collection of commercial basil cultivars for BLS resistance. Pathogenicity assays at the second true leaf stage revealed substantial variation in disease severity scores with the lowest being 2.28 (‘Queen of Sheba’) and the highest being 4.65 (‘Siam Queen’) across all lines tested. This methodology demonstrates the screening of basils at the second true leaf growth stage can readily be applied to Ocimum spp. Germplasm collections for the identification of potential BLS-resistant lines for incorporation into breeding programs.
POST-TRAUMATIC RIGHT DIAPHRAGM RUPTURE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Maria Benzakour
Published: February 2025

Post-traumatic right diaphragmatic rupture is a rare lesion, often difficult to diagnose in the acute phase, but potentially fatal in case of delay. Its diagnosis is mainly based on radiological imaging, with frequent use of computed tomography (CT). We report the case of an elderly patient with respiratory distress due to a right diaphragmatic rupture with intrathoracic hernia of several abdominal organs. Therapeutic management of this type of lesion depends on the severity and associated operative risks. The patient, aged 80, presented with respiratory distress due to a right diaphragmatic rupture complicated by an intrathoracic hernia. The therapeutic option chosen was clinical monitoring with symptomatic treatment, due to the high operative risk.
CELIAC PRESENTING AS ATYPICAL DENTAL DISEASE
Authors:   Department of Medical Gastroenterology& Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, VMCC& Safdarjung Medical College and HIMSR, Hamdard Medical College, New Delhi., Malhotra Parveen , Malhotra Vani ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology& Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, VMCC& Safdarjung Medical College and HIMSR, Hamdard Medical College, New Delhi., Malhotra Pranav ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology& Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, VMCC& Safdarjung Medical College and HIMSR, Hamdard Medical College, New Delhi., Malhotra Navya ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology& Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, VMCC& Safdarjung Medical College and HIMSR, Hamdard Medical College, New Delhi., Sanwariya Yogesh ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology& Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, VMCC& Safdarjung Medical College and HIMSR, Hamdard Medical College, New Delhi., Tarfe Vinod ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology& Obstetrics & Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, VMCC& Safdarjung Medical College and HIMSR, Hamdard Medical College, New Delhi.
Published: February 2025

Introduction-Celiac disease has immune based autoimmune disease which is noticed in genetically predisposed persons and isdue to gluten allergy. It was initially thought that it is disease of children and presents with typical or classical symptoms associated with gastro-intestinal tract like pain abdomen, diarrhoea or constipation. Now, it has been proven that it is commonly seen in adult age also and in half of cases presents with atypical or unclassical symptoms which are mainly due to nutrients or minerals deficiency. Thus, patients can have neurological, psychiatric, dental or reproductive problems. The dental problems have varied presentations like delayed eruption of teeth, dental enamel defects, dental decay, periodontitis etc. The dental involvement in celiac disease is mainly seen in children and may or may not respond to complete gluten restriction.

Case Report- We report a case of seven-year-old child who was asymptomatic but celiac disease was diagnosed recently in his father due to unexplained transaminitis and on family screening, he was diagnosed to be celiac and his dental examination showed dental enamel defect localized unilaterally in upper incisors and canines only. He was put on strict gluten restricted diet but even after follow up of one year, there was no improvement in teeth.

Conclusion- Celiac disease has varied atypical presentations like involvement of teeth which is commonly missed. It lays stress of its awareness among Dentists, Endocrinologists and General Physicians for timely diagnosis for avoiding permanent damage to teeth which have huge cosmetic value.
Corporate cash holdings, working capital, and profitability: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ibrahim Al Barak Turki
Published: February 2025

This article examines the influence of networking capital, leverage, and profitability on a firm’s cash holdings. A firm’s level of cash reserves is a trade-off between financing, investment, and market climate. To achieve this trade-off, firms maintain cash reserves as a preservative motive. A firm with optimized working capital will have low working capital requirements, which will result in an increase in the firm’s cash reserves. In this context, the present study acquires data from 51 firms in the manufacturing sector registered on the TASI (Tadawul All Share Index) from 2014 to 2022. The study considers cash as a regressand, net working capital, profitability, and leverage as predictor variables, and firm size as a control variable. The study observed that the manufacturing firms in Saudi Arabia invest excess cash in profitable projects. The study wrapped up the results by using pooled regression and panel regression with fixed and random effects. Panel regression results report a negative and significant influence of net working capital on firms’ cash reserves with a coefficient of –0.09. Leverage positively influences the firms’ cash reserves with a coefficient of 0.05 and is significant, and profitability is positive and significant with a coefficient of 0.04. Further, firm size is positive and significant with a coefficient of 0.004.
AcknowledgmentThe author acknowledges that the current project under research project number PSAU/2023/01/27013 was funded by Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University.
A Study on the Conflict between Freedom of Speech and Portrait Right : Focusing on German Legal principles of Portrait Right and the European Court of Human Rights Case of GmbH & Co. KG v. Germany
Authors:   European Constitutional Law Association, Yu In-Geun , Hong Sun-Ki
Published: February 2025

In Germany, the conflict of constitutional rights is resolved by using 'balancing' as a consistent standard for resolving the conflicts. However, in Germany, when the right of portrait and freedom of speech conflict, the German Federal Supreme Court and the Federal Constitutional Court resolve the conflict by according to the 'Graded protection principle' based on Articles 22 and 23 of ‘the Copyright (Arts Domain) Act’. This study introduce ‘the Copyright (Arts Domain) Act’ and the portrait right doctrine, ‘the graded protection principle’. The ‘Graded protection principle’ is based on ‘the Copyright (Arts domain) Act’, which states that images can only be disseminated with the express consent of the person concerned, but the images can disseminate when the images portray ‘an aspect of contemporary society’ or does not interfere with a ‘legitimate interests’ of the person concerned. This principle has implications that the German courts protect the portrait right more strongly than other rights by the law.
And this study introduce the recent ECHR case 'Bild GmbH & Co. KG v. Germany, no. 9602/18', which dealt with a conflict between the portrait right and freedom of speech. This case involved the conflict between the portrait right and freedom of speech in Germany, and was applied to the ECHR by a German press that published a portrait of a police officer in an online newspaper without his consent. The German courts found that the press violated the policer’s portrait right, but the ECHR found that the German courts violated the press’ right to freedom of speech. The ECHR also found that the German courts’ reasons and balancing process can be justified, but that can’t contribute to the later balancing between portrait right and freedom of speech. So EHCR judged the German courts are violated the press’ freedom of speech. However, balancing under the ‘Graded protection principle’, like the general balancing, is a case-by-case judgment. Furthermore, the accumulation of balancing does not become a rule and create a gradation between the rights. So the EHCR’s decision is not convincing. In other words, EHCR need have found that the German courts had not violated the freedom of speech.
Constitutional Challenges for Achieving a Digital Inclusive Society
Authors:   European Constitutional Law Association, Son Eun Ji
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the issue of digital marginalization in the context of the digital transformation society, the need for constitutional amendments to protect the fundamental rights of digital minorities, and the legislative and policy measures required to concretely realize digital inclusion. Modern society is undergoing significant change due to the rapid development and widespread use of digital technologies, with information and communication technologies (ICT) becoming a crucial foundation for economic and social opportunities. However, in this process, those who lack access to digital technologies are facing severe information inequality and social exclusion. This digital divide is not merely a technical issue but leads to serious inequalities at the level of fundamental rights, potentially infringing on the rights of marginalized groups.
Thus, this paper seeks to explore solutions to the issues of unequal access to information, lack of digital literacy, and rights violations caused by technological exclusion faced by digital minorities. In particular, to address the digital divide and protect the rights of digital minorities, new legal frameworks and institutional changes are necessary, with a specific emphasis on the need for constitutional amendments. Among these, the establishment of digital fundamental rights is considered a critical measure to ensure equal access to and utilization of digital technologies, guaranteeing the right of all citizens to participate in the digital society without discrimination. Furthermore, digital fundamental rights should encompass more than just the right to access information, including the right to equal participation in the digital environment, protection of personal data, and the provision of digital education opportunities. In addition to these rights, it is essential to establish legal and institutional mechanisms to effectively protect the rights of digital minorities and implement relevant policy efforts.
This paper also emphasizes the role and responsibility of the state in realizing a digital-inclusive society, arguing that the state must go beyond simply expanding digital technologies to ensure that socially disadvantaged and marginalized groups are not excluded from the digital environment. It discusses the constitutional obligation to create a social structure that guarantees their inclusion. Additionally, the paper considers appropriate policy and institutional responses suitable for the digital age. The protection of digital fundamental rights, as a social basic right, goes beyond the technical aspects of digital access, serving as a crucial human rights issue that ensures a dignified life in the digital society. Achieving this requires concrete strategies and diverse measures that can translate these rights into reality.
Diversidade na educação básica: o ensino das relações étnico-raciais
Authors:   , Soares Aline Raiany Fernandes
Published: February 2025

O texto da dissertação apresenta a pesquisa desenvolvida junto a duas escolas, uma
pertencente à rede municipal e outra à estadual, localizadas na cidade de Caraúbas, Rio Grande do Norte/RN, o qual versa sobre a diversidade na educação, a partir do ensino das relações étnico-raciais, mais especificamente sobre o ensino das culturas indígena, africana e afrobrasileira. Nesse sentido, o estudo se desenvolveu por meio do seguinte objetivo geral: analisar como os professores (as) em Caraúbas/RN, no contexto da diversidade cultural, vêm abordando as culturas indígena, africana e afro-brasileira em sala de aula. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, no qual, para obtenção de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores (as) das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. As discussões iniciam-se a partir das compreensões de Geertz (2017), Santos (2006), Laraia (2006) sobre cultura, esta entendida como uma construção coletiva desenvolvida por meio das relações estabelecidas pelos sujeitos socialmente. Em uma breve retrospectiva das políticas públicas a respeito da diversidade, percebe-se como a presença do debate em torno da definição de políticas públicas que a abrangessem teve momentos de ascensão e de queda ao longo dos anos. Usa-se autoras como Candau (2003) e Gomes para tecer algumas considerações a respeito do desafio das instituições de ensino em trabalhar as culturas indígena, africana e afro-brasileira numa vertente que permita a valorização e reconhecimento de negros (as) e indígenas. Apontase também para um diálogo, fundamentado em Bourdieu (2003) e Freire (2011), que evidencia a via de mão dupla que é a escola: ambiente de reprodução cultural e do status quo; espaço capaz de contribuir para a transformação social. Observa-se que o ensino das culturas indígena, africana e afro-brasileira ainda é um desafio para os professores na Educação Básica, mas que tem avançado no sentido de estar presente em sala de aula, embora esse ensino aconteça de forma superficial e totalmente vinculado aos temas encontrados no livro didático, ficando a cargo dos docentes aprofundar as questões propostas por ele
Ensino médio integrado no ceará: construção da escola em tempo integral
Authors:   , Maia José Eduardo Nobre
Published: February 2025

A presente dissertação teve a pretensão de realizar uma análise sobre a reconstrução curricular e política da proposta da escola em tempo integral, na compreensão do contexto escolar em si. O objetivo geral do estudo foi: analisar os desafios e possibilidades para a construção de uma escola em tempo integral através da construção do ensino médio integrado na rede pública de ensino do Ceará. Este objetivo foi perpassado pelos seguintes objetivos específicos: a) Discutir as especificidades da proposta do ensino com base nas Escolas de Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral (EEMTI); b) Discutir o processo de estruturação curricular da EEMTI; c) Avaliar as contribuições e resultados do processo de construção da EEMTI em uma escola estadual já estabelecida pelo programa; e d) Analisar as repercussões da construção da EEMTI sob a perspectiva dos gestores e professores, para a compreensão dos desdobramentos no processo de ensino e os processos de ressignificação. O escopo teórico-metodológico do estudo foi a base proposta pela abordagem do Ciclo de Políticas de Ball. Neste estudo de caso, foi utilizada uma perspectiva qualitativa com três abordagens de construção de dados: análise documental, observações in loco e entrevista semiestruturada; e uma abordagem quantitativa, a partir de uma análise aos resultados numéricos da proposta. Nesta empreitada, produzimos contribuições a partir de uma visão teórica pós-estruturalista, procurando compreender o campo das ressignificações docentes, que se expressam como práticas ligadas a ciclos de políticas que se intercomunicam e disputam entre si formações de significados. As informações construídas forneceram dados relevantes para a construção de reflexões importantes, principalmente no que diz respeito às demandas de enfrentamento dos desafios da escola pública em tempo integral, bem como às estratégias de reconstrução da política em cada território escolar distinto. É
necessário, portanto, considerar as experiências, as opiniões e as diferentes perspectivas de todos os atores envolvidos na política, compreendidos como participantes ativos no processo de sua construção, sendo necessário compreender e analisar a política enquanto prática. Parece viável, portanto, afirmar que o êxito do tempo integral parte não do texto da política, com suas metas e objetivos perfeitos, mas da ação de gestores, coordenadores, professores, alunos e demais participantes da comunidade ao realizarem ações e reconstruções criativas e improvisadas com o recurso que lhes é atribuído
Perception and Confidence Levels of Dental Students and Newly Graduate Dentists during Prosthodontic Procedures
Authors: Almohefer Sami A. , Alkattan Rana K. , Aldakhayel Ghadah D. , Madfa Ahmed A.
Published: February 2025

Background

Assessing students' perception of their dental school experience is a vital measure of the success and progress of dental education. Hence, the primary objectives of this research were to assess and examine the self-confidence levels of dental students and trainees at the University of Hail, Saudi Arabia, during prosthodontic procedures and to gauge their views on the quality of prosthodontic training.

Methods

Seventy-nine senior students and 39 new interns at the University of Hail, Saudi Arabia, were given surveys while keeping their identities anonymous. The participants were asked to evaluate their confidence level by using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The Mann-Whitney U test and chi-squared test were used to evaluate the statistical significance between the compared groups.

Results

49.2% of participants expressed contentment with the number of teeth identified for treatment. 89.8% of participants stated that increased practical experience would enhance their confidence in the field of prosthodontics. Approximately 49.5% of the participants surveyed stated they plan to pursue a specialized area in the coming years. Roughly 49.5% of the participants believed that their prosthodontic practice was at a moderate level. In general, this study's findings suggest that there were no significant differences between males and females (p > 0.05), except for rubber dam placement, follow-up appointment, and impression taking, where males exhibited greater confidence than females (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between both groups in the treatment of different teeth (p > 0.05). Additionally, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in self-confidence levels for handling different indications for prosthodontic treatment.

Conclusion

The level of confidence during prosthodontic therapy in this study is regarded as neutral. Compared to the female and senior students, the male interns and students reported higher confidence.