bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language and math skills among post-secondary deaf students
Authors: Allala Saep Kamel
Published: April 2024

The current study aimed to identify the level of language and math skills among deaf people who completed secondary education and compare them with those of hearing people in the school stage from the second to the seventh grade. To achieve the objectives of the study, two tests were designed, the first for linguistic skills (written expression and reading comprehension) and the second for math skills (math operations). Basic, first-degree equations (volume, area, angles, and units). Validity implications were extracted using content validity and discriminant validity of the two tests, as the two tests were able to distinguish between the age levels of the participants (by grade) and distinguish between hearing students and deaf students. Reliability coefficients also extracted using Cronbach's Alpha. The study conducted to a purposive sample of 155 people, including 45 deaf people who completed high school and 110 hearing people from grades 2-7 of both gender (male & female). The results showed that the level of deaf people in language skills is equivalent to students in the second grade, and that their level in math skills is equivalent to the fifth grade. The results also indicated that there is a statistically significant difference in language skills among deaf people in favor of females, and that there are no statistically significant differences in the level of math skills among deaf people according to the gender variable.
INVESTIGATING THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF INTERDISCIPLINARY EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION SETTINGS
Authors: Rafiq Shahid , Kamran Farrukh , Afzal Ayesha
Published: April 2024

This study explores the dynamics of interdisciplinary education in private universities in Lahore, Pakistan, addressing a significant research gap in global discourse on this pedagogical approach. The research investigates faculty perceptions, benefits for students, and challenges associated with interdisciplinary education. Based on mixed-methods approach, including surveys & interviews, study reveals generally positive faculty perceptions, emphasizing the value of interdisciplinary education in enhancing critical thinking, problem-solving skills & overall learning experiences. Students, in turn, are reported to derive multifaceted benefits, including increased creativity, adaptability, and holistic understanding of societal challenges. Yet, challenges such as limited institutional support and resistance from traditional structures pose obstacles to effective implementation. Findings not only donate to localized understanding of interdisciplinary education in Lahore but offer insights applicable to educational contexts worldwide, aiming to enhance quality and relevance of higher education in an ever-evolving landscape.
APPRAISAL OF RESOURCES AND SERVICES OF LIBRARIES IN COMMERCE COLLEGES OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR
Authors: Sultan Zahid , Asif Muhammad , Ahmed Shamshad
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study is to explore current status of resources and services in libraries of commerce colleges public and private sector in the Sargodha division. There are 51 (17 Government + 34 Private) colleges of Commerce in Sargodha Division. The researcher personally visited all colleges so, the response rate was 100%. Survey method was used to gather the required data. The study is quantitative in nature. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data under consideration of research objects and got answer of the research question. The results of study provide important information in reaching the conclusion and making appropriate decisions. The majority of libraries have insufficient resources so, the services which depends upon the proper resources are not up-to the mark and standards. the main reason behind was the non-availability of library professionals and, less interest of administration and lack of interest of library users in libraries were core problems as found in the study. The results of study offered important clues to future researchers for conducting their research on the similar issues in diverse contexts.
Design of Automatic Lighting Installation Props Using Photocell and Motion Sensors
Authors: Rahmat Syaputra , Islamida Muhammad , Fachri Raihan Rizal
Published: April 2024

This teaching aid design approach is based on compiling learning materials that are fully necessary to achieve the desired understanding and skills. In the lighting installation subject, vocational electrical power installation techniques at SMK Negeri 2 Sinabang, there needs to be more demonstration media, which causes problems for students who find it very difficult to understand lighting installations and put them together. With this teaching aid medium, it is hoped that it can help students' understanding of installing lighting installations and improve student learning outcomes so that learning objectives are achieved. This teaching aid is designed to be a learning medium as a teacher's aids in teaching material on automatic lighting installations using photocell sensors and motion sensors in electrical power installation subjects. To determine the suitability of the props, a research instrument was made in the form of a media validation sheet, material validation, and questionnaire validation. The learning outcomes of students are known by providing several pre-test and post-test questions so that they can be used as a reference for how successful or appropriate the teaching aids are to be applied to students and lighting installation subjects. Based on the percentage results obtained from media expert validation, namely 89%, and material expert validation, namely 100% from the validator assessment, learning outcomes through the pre-test were 28% and the post-test 83%. The results obtained were based on validation  showed "Very Feasible."
Predictions of Malaysia Age-Specific Fertility Rates using the Lee-Carter and the Functional Data Approaches
Authors: Shair Syazreen Niza , Shaadan Norshahida , Fikri Nur Amalia Badrina Meor Amirudin , A’kashalf Nur A’thiqah Binti Mohd
Published: April 2024

Global fertility has been experiencing a significant decline, reaching towards the replacement ratio. This trend, coupled with increasing life expectancies, has led to the emergence of an ageing population. In this study, we delve into an analysis of fertility patterns among Malaysian women, considering both their childbearing age and ethnic groups. A comprehensive 63-year fertility dataset, from 1958 to 2020, were obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia.  These data were fitted into the Lee-Carter model and its modified version, which is the functional data model. The models were evaluated using the out-sample forecast error measures. Results indicate that the third-order functional data model able to capture most of variation present in the actual data, consequently outperforming the Lee-Carter model in forecasting fertility rates among Chinese and Indian populations. The 20-year forecasts reveal a noteworthy shift in maternal ages of the highest births to older ages suggesting a trend towards delayed pregnancies among women. It is predicted that the Malay total fertility rates will likely fall to below the replacement level reaching 1.71 in 2040 whereas Chinese and Indian total fertility rates will substantially decrease to the lowest level in history below 1.0 which are 0.54 and 0.70 respectively. The evolution in Malaysian fertility rates is an alarming fact as, together with low mortality rates, it may impact the Malaysian population structure in future. Proactive policy measures are urgently needed to address these demographic shifts.
A Comparison of Customer Churn Vector Embedding Models with Deep Learning
Authors: Ratj Dinne , Cenggoro Tjeng Wawan , Adien Namira Mufida , Paramita Ni Putu Putri Ardhia , Sina Nabila Putri , Elwirehardja Gregorius Natanael , Pardamean Bens
Published: April 2024

In the telecommunication industry, Deep learning has been utilized for churn prediction. Some companies have used sophisticated deep learning techniques to predict churn, which yielded good results. However, future studies are still required to evaluate several deep learning mechanisms as only SoftMax Loss has been used so far. By comparing customer churn vector embedding models with several methods, including SoftMax Loss, Large Margin Cosine Loss, Semi-Supervised Learning, and a combination of Large Margin Cosine Loss and Semi-Supervised Learning, we continue our previous research to apply deep learning in predicting customer churn in the telecommunications industry in this paper. The use of Large Margin Cosine Loss has been proven in face recognition which can increase the discrimination between vectors embedding in different classes. Understanding how mixing unlabeled and labeled input might alter developing algorithms and learning behavior that benefit from this combination are the goals of semi-supervised learning. This approach successfully encouraged feature discrimination in customer behavior as well as improved the overall accuracy of the model. Large Margin Cosine Loss in this study achieved 83.74% of the F1 Score compared to other methods. It was further demonstrated that the produced vectors for churn prediction are discriminative by examining the cluster's similarity and the t-SNE plot.
Efeitos da fisioterapia na força muscular respiratória de pacientes em processo de envelhecimento: revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Camila Fernandes Pontes dos , Lucena Pedro Henrique Marques de , França Clizaldo Luiz Maroja Di Pace , Vasconcelos Wanessa Kelly Vieira de , Paz Natália Herculano , França Arthur Maroja di Pace , Dantas Pedro Augusto Mariz , Paz Carlos Renato , Cirilo-Sousa Maria do Socorro , Bovi Ana Carolina Nunes
Published: April 2024

O envelhecimento é um processo natural, que vem acompanhado da incidência de um maior número de doenças, principalmente as crônicas, o que pode ser explicado pelas diversas alterações fisiológicas, dentre elas, respiratória. Neste, são observadas alterações como rigidez da caixa torácica e reduções da elasticidade pulmonar, da mobilidade torácica, capacidade vital e força muscular respiratória, interferindo diretamente na mecânica desse sistema. Com base nisso, esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos dos métodos terapêuticos adotados em idosos com déficit na força muscular respiratória. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa, com abordagem metodológica quantitativa dos dados, realizada nas bases LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), SciELO (Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online) e MEDLINE (Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica). Os critérios de inclusão adotados foram: artigos publicados no período entre 2010 e 2020, com amostra de indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos e disponíveis nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Os dados foram coletados a partir da seguinte combinação de descritores: “Fisioterapia”, “Envelhecimento” e “Pressões Respiratórias Máximas”, encontrando-se 40 publicações na LILACS, 80 na MEDLINE e 34 na SciELO, totalizando 154 títulos. Após a análise dos dados desse estudo, ficou evidente na comparação, realizada pelos autores, dos valores de PImáx e PEmáx, antes e depois da prática dos métodos fisioterapêuticos observados, que houve majoritariamente um aumento desses números em favor dos indivíduos que estavam inseridos nesses treinos. Além disso, é importante destacar que o TMI foi à terapêutica que obteve melhores resultados já que trabalha diretamente com o fortalecimento da musculatura respiratória. Sendo assim, visando minimizar os efeitos deletérios ocasionados pelo processo de envelhecimento no sistema respiratório, é importante que haja uma adesão a algum programa terapêutico, buscando manter uma preservação da força muscular.
The Practical Path and Promotion Strategy of Integrating Chinese Public Art into Urban Communities
Authors: Xing Hanlin
Published: April 2024

At the end of the 19th century, foreign powers invaded China, and western culture also entered China along with the army. Western commemorative statues and monuments appeared on the concessions of Chinese cities, which can be regarded as the earliest public art in China. After a hundred years of development, the connotation and practice mode of public art are gradually enriched. Nowadays, public art has become a "bottom-up" and "participatory democracy" practice, realizing the public interest of the community residents through the cooperation of government departments, community residents, and professional artists groups. Based on the "new genre public art" proposed by Susan Lacacy, combined with the advanced community art practice of Japan and Taiwan, China, this paper discusses the practical path and promotion strategy of Chinese mainland public art into urban communities believing that it is necessary to improve from three aspects: the content optimization, the multi-party participation, and the financing expansion of community announcement art.
The Effective Application of Metacognitive Strategies in High School Mathematics Teaching
Authors: Li Xinyin
Published: April 2024

Metacognitive strategies, as an educational method that focuses on the metacognitive knowledge and skills of learners' thinking and learning process, have attracted widespread attention in the field of high school mathematics teaching in recent years. This article aims to analyze the effective application of metacognitive strategies in high school mathematics teaching, and deeply explore their role in improving students' mathematical learning achievements and developing mathematical thinking abilities. Firstly, this article provides an overview of the current situation and problems in high school mathematics teaching, including the difficulty of teachers' teaching concepts keeping up with the times, the lack of novelty in teaching methods, and the solidification of students' thinking. Then, the article pointed out the importance of metacognitive strategies for mathematical learning and introduced the basic overview and classification of metacognitive strategies. Next, this article explores in detail how metacognitive strategies can be applied to high school mathematics teaching, including carefully preparing teaching based on metacognition and finding the best teaching methods, guiding students to reflect through metacognitive monitoring, and improving teaching evaluation systems based on metacognition. The effective application of these strategies helps students better understand mathematical concepts, improve problem-solving abilities, and enhance mathematical confidence.
A Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Garden Culture: From the Perspective of Garden Elements
Authors: Jia Han , Wang Huijun
Published: April 2024

Gardens refer to natural environments and places where people play through certain artistic design methods. There are completely different concepts and expressions in gardening methods between China and the West. This article mainly conducts an in-depth comparative study of Chinese and Western garden culture from the perspective of garden elements. The article first outlines the development process of Chinese and Western garden culture and analyzes the influence of multiple factors such as historical development and ideological culture on its style formation. Then, by comparing and analyzing the landscape elements of Chinese and Western gardens, the article reveals the differences and characteristics between the two in design concepts, spatial layout, artistic decoration, and other aspects. Finally, based on existing literature, the article summarizes the phenomenon of the integration of Chinese and Western garden cultures and explores the trend of how Chinese and Western garden cultures can learn from each other, integrate, and innovate in the context of globalization.
Study on the Relationship Between Actor-Network and Sustainable Manufacturing: The Case of IKEA
Authors: Liu Ziqi
Published: April 2024

This thesis explores the application of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) in the realm of sustainable manufacturing, employing IKEA as a case study. The study systematically investigates the multifaceted interactions among diverse actors within the sustainable manufacturing network. The research is structured around key themes such as government bodies, suppliers, consumers, and technology providers, offering a detailed analysis of stakeholder interests, needs, and the alignment thereof. Problematization within the study involves a deep exploration of the intricate dynamics arising at the intersection of ANT and Sustainable Manufacturing. The analysis unveils the central role of stakeholder alignment in shaping the sustainable manufacturing landscape. The thesis reveals that when stakeholder interests converge, translation processes facilitate collaboration, enabling the network to harness collective agency in advancing sustainability goals. However, it also recognizes the complexities arising from misaligned interests and power dynamics, acknowledging conflicts inherent in sustainable manufacturing networks. The Mobilization and Activation phase delves into the strategies employed to summon various actors, including IKEA, government bodies, suppliers, consumers, and technology providers, into action. This multifaceted endeavor highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms that harness the potential of each actor within the network. The study emphasizes the pivotal roles of government policies, industrial practices, societal influences, and smart technologies in the success of sustainable manufacturing at IKEA. The stakeholder analysis uncovers the complex web of rights, demands, and challenges faced by each group, ranging from IKEA's balancing act between economic sustainability and ethical production.
Research on the Full-term Marketing and Business Operations Strategy of HEYTEA Based on the SWOT Model
Authors: Peng Siyu
Published: April 2024

HeyTea is one of the most renowned tea beverage brands in China. Despite achieving great success in the past few years, HeyTea faces massive challenges and market competition. It is found that HeyTea has adjusted its marketing strategies in order to adapt to the fast-changing marketing environment. The study topic is research on the full-term marketing and business operations strategy of HeyTea based on the SWOT model. This study investigates the intricacies of HeyTea's strategic evolution, comparing its former and later stages of marketing approaches. The core of this study revolves around the SWOT analysis model, where the application of this model to HeyTea is thoroughly examined. The findings reveal the brand's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within the market landscape. These insights are instrumental in evaluating the efficacy of HeyTea's marketing and business operations strategies. And for prospects, HeyTea can take some actions to improve brand competitiveness and increase brand influence.
THE OUTCOME OF ANTIBIOTICS VS OPEN APPENDECTOMY FOR ACUTE NON-PERFORATED APPENDICITIS
Authors: RAJA RA , ABBASI MH , TAJ MRU , TALHA . , QAYYUM T
Published: April 2024

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. While appendectomy has been the conventional treatment for this condition, recent advancements in antibiotic therapy have led to exploring the use of antibiotics as a non-surgical alternative for treating non-complicated acute appendicitis. Objective: The objective of the present study was to compare the outcomes of administering antibiotics and performing emergency appendicectomy in a cohort of individuals diagnosed with non-perforated acute appendicitis based on CT evaluation. Methods: After the ethical approval from the institutional review board, this randomised control trial was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Jhelum from July 2022 to December 2023. The patients were randomly assigned, using a closed envelope method, to either have open appendectomy (Group A, n=60) or receive antibiotic therapy (Group B, n=60) with intravenous ertapenem. Open appendectomy was conducted utilising the McBurney technique. The patient’s outcomes were assessed during their hospitalization period, specifically on days 0, 1, and 2, and by telephone interviews one week and two months following the intervention. Pain scores were collected at two specific time points, one week and two months after randomisation, utilising a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: No significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics in both groups. Mean± S.D of the pain experience of the study participants in both groups was 4.16±1.04 and 3.68±1.02 (days) (P value=0.008). Mean± S.D of the hospital stay of the study participants in both groups was 3.13±0.87 and 3.16±0.83 (days) (P value=0.843). A significant difference in the VAS score was observed (p <0.0001) in the participants of both groups at discharge and after a one-week follow-up period. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that a significant proportion of individuals who received antibiotic therapy for non-perforated acute appendicitis did not necessitate the surgical procedure of appendectomy within the two-month post-treatment observation period.
COMPARISON OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION BETWEEN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS IN CLEAN SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Authors: RAJA RA , ABBASI MH , TAJ MRU , TALHA . , QAYYUM T
Published: April 2024

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major concern in healthcare, especially for individuals with diabetes. Diabetes can impair wound healing and weaken the immune system, increasing the risk of SSIs. Studying SSIs in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients undergoing clean surgeries is vital for improving patient care. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) in individuals with diabetes compared to those without diabetes who underwent clean surgical procedures. Methods: After the ethical approval from the institutional review board, this comparative study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Jhelum from July 2022 to December 2023.  A consisted of people with diabetes (n=50), while Group B comprised patients who did not have diabetes (n=50). All patients were administered suitable antibiotics before surgery. Each patient received a singular intravenous dose of Ceftriaxone 1g, administered thirty minutes before initiating the initial incision. The patients were monitored for surgical site infections (SSI), defined as the presence of redness, fever, tenderness at the incision site, discharge from the surgical wound, or the development of an abscess within 28 days after surgery. Results: Most participants in both study groups underwent open ventral hernia repair procedures, 54% in group A and 58% in group B. Mean± S. D of the Hb1Ac levels of the participants in both groups was 8.46±1.16 and 4.14±1.01 (P=<0.0001). 58% of participants in Group A, while 22% in Group B had surgery-associated complications (p<0.0001). 30% of participants in Group A, while 10% in Group B had SSI (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Individuals with diabetes are more susceptible to experiencing higher rates of surgical site infection, especially in cases of procedures that are considered clean, in comparison to individuals without diabetes.
Designing a paradigmatic model of digital leadership for managers at Islamic Azad University of Tehran province: a mixed methods approach
Authors: Rahmani Tabar Zahra , Khorshidi Abbas , Araqieh Alireza , Barzegar Nader , Faghih Aram Batool
Published: April 2024

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a digital leadership model for managers at Islamic Azad University of Tehran Province. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and mixed exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of data, and in terms of nature, it was systematic data-based (paradigmatic) in the qualitative dimension and cross-sectional survey in the quantitative dimension. The statistical population of the qualitative section included professors and experts in the field of human resources with specialized doctoral degrees, and in the quantitative section, all university presidents, their deputies, heads of faculties and heads of educational groups with specialized doctoral degrees and the academic rank of assistant professor and above in educational sciences at Islamic Azad University of Tehran Province, totaling 270 people. The sampling method in the qualitative section was purposeful theoretical saturation, and 15 expert people were selected. In the quantitative section, the sample size was determined based on the Morgan formula as 159 people. In the present study, after open and axial coding, the resulting measurement tool was formatted and sent to experts for selective coding and validity. Based on this, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed and distributed randomly among the study population. Then, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and finally, 5 dimensions, 17 components and 121 indicators were identified for the digital leadership model for managers of educational organizations. After final approval and prioritization by experts, the dimensions, components and indicators of the model were illustrated, and the model was re-validated by experts.
A Novel Fusion Method for Enhanced Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Energy Management: Integrating Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan, Murodjon Murodjon ,   Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan,   Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan, Abdullayeva Iroda , Karimov Botirjon
Published: April 2024

This paper suggests a novel fusion approach of combining Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to enhance multi-criteria decision-making for energy management. In this way, by integrating the two powerful methodologies, the fusion approach is enabled that allows for dealing with the complex and highly dynamic character of energy management decisions for which there is required the careful consideration of many conflicting criteria. The method uses A to derive weightings for each decision criterion via AHP based on expert judgments, ensuring all relevant factors are systematically considered proportionately. Subsequently, TOPSIS is applied to evaluate and rank the alternatives such that the most effective energy solutions close to the ideal solution are identified. This integration of AHP with TOPSIS leads to comprehensive analysis that draws both the strengths of these techniques and provides a powerful tool to make informed and balanced decisions in the energy sector. The effectiveness of this fusion method, when applied, could then lead to the attainment of subtler findings and dependable suggestions, making it a beneficial contribution to this field of energy management.
Research on Algorithmic Gender Bias under the Paradigm of Machine Behavior Studies
Authors: Liu Yuqing
Published: April 2024

In the field of communication studies, machine behavior specifically refers to information dissemination activities involving artificial intelligence technology. As algorithms increasingly become the primary force in information dissemination, their potential gender bias becomes increasingly apparent. This paper, based on three research scopes in machine behavior studies: individual behavior, collective behavior, and human-machine interaction behavior, examines the gender bias exhibited by artificial intelligence entities in algorithms at these three levels. At the individual behavior level, the tendency of algorithm development to simplify features overlooks the diversity present in female society. The inherited data bias and human bias make it difficult to avoid gender discrimination. At the collective behavior level, the creation of opinion leader-type social robots expands the subject of information fog, making the concealed gender discrimination against women more covert. The use of large-scale machine armies manipulates search engine results, leading to severe gender bias in search engine outputs. At the hybrid human-machine behavior level, artificial intelligence shapes female images to construct female cognitive thinking. Algorithms acquire human bias during interaction with users, and social robots amplify gender bias issues through mixed human-machine behavior.
Impact of Ceramic Art Therapy on the Psychological Health of Socially Disadvantaged Groups
Authors: Wang Siwen , Shao Sida
Published: April 2024

With the progress of society, there is an increasing concern for mental health issues, especially regarding the mental well-being of socially disadvantaged groups. Due to various factors, socially disadvantaged groups are more susceptible to psychological stress and distress, thereby requiring more attention and assistance. As an emerging therapeutic approach, ceramic art therapy has gradually gained widespread attention from scholars and psychotherapists. The core objective of this study is to delve into the impact of ceramic art therapy on the mental health of socially disadvantaged groups, to provide valuable insights to enhance the mental well-being of these vulnerable populations.
The Contemporary Value of the Development of Intangible Cultural Heritage Animation
Authors: Liu Lihong
Published: April 2024

The protection and inheritance development of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) has seen the significant involvement of emerging media, playing a crucial role in promoting the widespread dissemination and fostering the protection and inheritance of ICH culture. Among various new media matrices, animated imagery has emerged as a formidable force in the past decade, playing a vital role in the protection and inheritance of ICH, showcasing the contemporary value of the development of ICH animation. Examining the current status of the development of ICH animation, there is a cultural, technological, and skillful integration between ICH and animation. This synergy generates a force for development, highlighting prominent characteristics in three aspects: content reconstruction, form reshaping, and the coexistence of values. However, after the processes of reconstruction and reshaping, a new issue arises in the rapid development of ICH animationwhether the original connotations of ICH culture can be accurately preserved.
From Gaze to Rebel: A Study of Female Figures in Art History
Authors: Ma Yan
Published: April 2024

This paper discusses the evolution of women's portrayal in art, from objectified figures in early history to empowered subjects in modern times. Initially, women were depicted through the male gaze, embodying idealized beauty or fulfilling societal roles. During the Renaissance, this trend continued with artists like Raffaello Santi, who focused on physical beauty but often overlooked real-life women's experiences. The paper then highlights a shift to representing everyday women, as seen in works like Jean Franois Millet's "The Gleaners," yet these portrayals still echoed traditional gender norms. The narrative progresses with the emergence of female artists challenging these conventional depictions. Figures like Kathe Kollwitz and Sylvia Sleigh reversed the male gaze, empowering women as active subjects in art. The paper concludes by emphasizing the transformation in art from objectifying women to portraying them as autonomous and influential, mirroring societal shifts in gender roles and perceptions.
From Crime to Governance: An Analysis of the Governance Path of the Misdemeanor Era
Authors: Hu Xiuxuan , Dai Hui , Tu Zixuan
Published: April 2024

In the context of the misdemeanor era, promoting the governance of misdemeanors should focus on governance from the governance end, breaking away from the simple thinking of only discussing crimes and post-punishment. The so-called governance refers to the full-process prevention and control of misdemeanors through the construction of a multi-subject co-governance system, and the improvement of the execution connection. This is also the objective requirement of the new eras source governance. However, there are still certain difficulties in the promotion of misdemeanor governance, mainly manifested in the imperfect mechanism for establishing offenses, insufficient use of non-custodial punishment methods, and the continued existence of overly strict criminal ancillary consequences, indicating problems of excessive emphasis on punishment and insufficient governance thinking. In response to these issues, it is necessary at this stage to construct a funnel-shaped mechanism for establishing offenses, improve the governance system of light crimes, light penalties, change overly strict criminal ancillary consequences to enhance the modernization level of misdemeanor governance, and establish a more reasonable plea governance system.
Effects of Parenting Styles on Different Addictions-Online Gaming Addiction and Online Shopping Addiction in the Digital Era
Authors: Yeung Rebeca
Published: April 2024

The study explores the effects of different parenting styles on online gaming addiction (OGA) and online shopping addiction (OSA) in this digital age. The objective of this study is to investigate other parenting issues that may affect these addictions besides parenting styles and examine the correlations among different parenting styles on these addictions which go viral under the prevalence of digital lifestyle. Based on the four Baumrind parenting styles, this study reviewed a number of research on the effects of OGA and OSA and revealed that there are more parenting styles identified as times change. It also found that positive parenting style is not always significant and may act as negative factor to induce smartphone addiction while acting as a positive factor against OGA. Furthermore, children with special needs like autism should be considered when evaluating the significance of the effects of different parenting styles. This study contributed to the available literature by adding three variables: parenting stress, hours spent online and the gender differences in perceiving different internet parenting styles which may affect the tendency of the onset of OGA and OSA and their interventions.
Analysis and Consideration of Legal Issues Related to Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Jiang Lan
Published: April 2024

Stem cell therapy has gained momentum in recent years and has positively and innovatively impacted the biomedical field. This paper uses a comprehensive literature analysis and comparative methodology to compare the differences in the development and regulatory systems of stem cell therapies in the UK and China through the available references. The legal framework for stem cell therapies is more complete in the UK, and the government has invested in a regulatory system that promotes research and development. By contrast, China has had problems with surveillance confusion in the past. In recent years, it has worked to standardize the development of therapies and strengthen the regulatory system. While both countries are improving their censorship, some challenges remain. Based on the challenges analyzed, this paper intends to provide suggestions to those involved in stem cell therapies to develop better in the future.
Gender-Based Double Standards and Inequalities in Online Culture: Objectification of Feminine Sexuality, Self-Expression and Appearance, and Cybershaming
Authors: Peng Yuxin
Published: April 2024

Online communities provide a place that facilitates netizens to share their thoughts and ideas freely and swiftly with the speed of a click; this is relatively free and more convenient compared to traditional methods of socialisation. However, the online world can still reflect the traditional community to some extent. Especially with gender-related topics, women are the most often recipients of cyber shaming. This essay will explore the topic of gender-based double standards both online and offline, focusing on cyber shaming received pertaining to women's outfit choices. The essay argues that the cyber shaming of women's outfit choices is not just a matter of individual taste or preference but is rooted in deeply ingrained gender stereotypes and expectations that constrain women's freedom of expression and limit their opportunities for self-determination. This essay will use qualitative and quantitative research methods to investigate the impact of outfits on criticism directed at women and the implications of gender-based double standards. By shedding light on the gender-based double standards that underpin cyber shaming, the essay aims to raise awareness and promote a more equitable and inclusive online culture that values diversity, respect, and empowerment for all. Moreover, this essay demonstrates that online cyberbullying can cause significant consequences in the offline world; some can even cost lives. There is also a need for progressive changes in criminal and privacy law that promote gender equity and prevent cyber-SV against EYW. The implications of these results for academics and practitioners are discussed, and directions for future research are outlined. Throughout the conducted research on three designed inquiry questions, this study concluded with three key findings: Outfit-based content manifests judgments and criticism in the comment to be harsher for women; the impact of cyberbullying on emerging young women is greater than at other ages; and women to some extent have aggravated the effect of the misogyny complex.
The Impacts of Small Games on Sino-American Relations
Authors: Jin Bingyan , Xu Xuanjing
Published: April 2024

Small incidents between superpowers may inadvertently affect their diplomatic behaviors, like the Butterfly Effect, pushing their international relations in another direction. This is the case with "Pelosi's Visit to Taiwan" and the "U.S.-China Balloon Incident" on the Sino-American relationship. As the most complicated bilateral relationship in the world today, the reaction of the two superpowers will have a significant impact on the entire world landscape. Despite the historical legacy and the different nature of their societies, which have led to differences in a number of areas, the two sides continue to seek opportunities for cooperation in various fields. The evolving Sino-US relations with peace as the main theme should be trusted by the whole world. This paper analyzes these two small events by using the theoretical knowledge of Realism, Constructivism, and International Political Economy in the Science of International Politics to explore the implied meanings behind them and the reasons why the two superpowers responded in this way.
Research on Refugee Governance from the Perspective of International Law -- Taking the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict as an Example
Authors: Jiao Fanyan
Published: April 2024

The problem of refugee protection has existed in the international community for a long time, which is almost unavoidable for every member of the international community for its close relationship to national politics, economy, law, national security, diplomacy and so on. This paper mainly focuses on the current Israeli-Palestinian conflict to discuss the main sources of refugees and their governance dilemmas as well as attaches great importance to the protection and governance of refugees' rights and the possible improvement of international cooperation mechanisms. Responding to the refugee crisis requires greater cooperation at the regional and global levels. Finally, this paper puts forward some relevant thoughts. For example, advocating the creation of an independent Pakistan is the most effective approach. It is also important to promote peace processes such as negotiations and reconciliation, and to actively engage in international cooperation at the world level, with appropriate assistance from both States and international organizations. Hopefully, these measures can contribute to the international refugee problem through this own research.
Urban Transformation in Old Cities of China: From Heritage Preservation to Urban Renewal
Authors: Hu Jutao
Published: April 2024

With the rapid advancement of urbanization and the continuous growth of the economy in China, old urban areas face unprecedented challenges. Issues such as urban renewal, preservation of historical heritage, and relocation of residents have become crucial factors constraining sustainable urban development. Addressing these issues not only concerns the appearance and function of cities but also involves the inheritance of social and cultural values and the quality of life for urban residents. This article delves into the current status, challenges, and future directions of the transformation of China's old cities. Research indicates that while there have been some advancements in the revitalization of old cities in recent years, a series of complex and urgent challenges persist. In terms of historical heritage preservation, the main issues include inadequate policy safeguards, insufficient funding, and low societal participation. Urban renewal grapples with conflicts between historical preservation and development needs, balancing costs and benefits, and challenges related to resident relocation and social stability. Looking ahead, it is recommended to strengthen policy and regulations, diversify funding sources, and enhance societal participation. Regarding urban renewal, efforts should be made to strike a balance between preserving historical heritage and meeting development demands, emphasize cost-benefit evaluations, and formulate humane relocation policies. Future development directions encompass enhancing planning and design, promoting participation from social organizations and residents, fostering technological innovation and sustainable development, and strengthening oversight and evaluations.
The Effects of Student-centered Teaching Methods on the Motivation of English Language Learning
Authors: Liang Wanyi
Published: April 2024

In recent years, student-centered teaching methods have received increasing attention. Many educators and researchers advocate a shift from a purely teacher-centered approach to a student-centered approach to teaching and learning. The study aims to explore the effects of student-centered teaching methods on the English learning motivation of college students majoring in English in Chinese universities. This study used questionnaires to investigate the effects of four teaching activities (group discussion, presentation, debate, and role-play) on the motivation to learn English. Furthermore, this study reveals the influence of teaching activities on language performance, and explores oral skills, English vocabulary use and English performance in English learning. It is found that the above four activities can improve the motivation of Chinese college students to learn English to some extent. The research results show that applying student-centered teaching methods is conducive to improving the motivation of Chinese college students in English language learning. Selecting teachers' teaching methods is crucial to improve students' motivation to learn English. This paper aims to improve students' motivation to learn English. It gives some suggestions to teachers for four activities, which are speech, group discussion, debate, and role-playing, to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning. Based on the evaluation from participants, it is suggested that a clear purpose in a teaching activity should be addressed in a teaching context.
Populism Unveiled: Mechanisms and Triggers of Political Violence
Authors: Lin Jiawei
Published: April 2024

In recent decades, there has been a widespread surge of populism worldwide. Populists strategically utilize media platforms to highlight the suppression of ordinary citizens by political authorities and the perceived unethical behaviors of political elites. Populists, who employ political slogans advocating for the interests of the common masses and eliminating corrupt elites, have swiftly garnered widespread support. However, the ascent of populists to positions of authority has coincided with a notable increase in political violence. While scholars have extensively elucidated definitions and classifications of populism, and numerous theoretical studies have analyzed factors contributing to the emergence of populism in different geographical areas, there remains a shortage of unified comprehension regarding the mechanisms through which populism incites political violence. This paper investigates the various trajectories of political violence triggered by populism through a comprehensive literature review and comparative analysis. The study contends that political violence is incited by populism through two distinct pathways, as evidenced by an analysis of incidents occurring in various regions under populist regimes. The first pathway sees political violence initially prompted by the consolidation of power and the repression of political adversaries by populist leaders. The second pathway involves the xenophobic ideology of populism intensifies conflicts between native citizens and foreign immigrants, thereby heightening the likelihood of political violence.
Impact of altered gestational weight gain guidelines on midwives in Japan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hikita Naoko , Iso Ritsuko , Mizuhata Kiyoko , Arai Hiroko , Isoyama Akemi
Published: April 2024

Objective: In March 2021, modifications were made to the dietary guidelines for expectant and nursing mothers in Japan, resulting in an increased recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) based on the pre-pregnancy body mass index. However, the existing landscape of midwives’ health-guidance practices remains unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the situation and perceptions of the revised GWG guidelines among midwives in Japan.Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted between January and March 2023, targeted midwives employed across primary, secondary, and tertiary hospitals in Japan. The participants completed a web-based questionnaire via a QR code and provided responses. Descriptive analysis was employed to discern the midwives’ perceptions of the revised GWG guidelines.Results: A total of 160 midwives (24.2%) completed the web-based questionnaire and were included in the analysis. Of them, 117 (73.1%) knew the recommended GWG had been adjusted. A significant difference was observed in the self-evaluation of health guidance before and after the guideline change (p = .015). While 47.9% of the midwives viewed the guideline change positively, 50.4% considered it neither good nor detrimental. The reasons for this positive perspective included the perceived stringency of previous standards and concerns about the potential effects of strict weight guidance on the physical and mental health of both mothers and children. Those with a neutral stance gave the following reasons: 1) uncertainties about the post-change impact and 2) concerns regarding potential health implications for pregnant women gaining excessive weight.Conclusions: Because not all midwives were aware of the guideline adjustments, the new guidelines must be prioritized.