bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Dactylographic Pattern in Relation to Abo - Blood Group and Iris Colour
Authors: Vidula Ramesh  , Siddesh Revpla Channabasappa
Published: April 2021

Dactylography or Fingerprint is one of the oldest reliable biometric indicators. Dermatoglyphics (fingerprint/dactylography) is derived from the Greek word “Derma = Skin, Glyphe = Carve.” Fingerprint patterns areunique in each individual and the chance of two persons having identical fingerprints is about one in 64thousand million. Fingerprints represent the impressions left by the friction ridges of our finger.Out of many blood grouping systems available, ABO and Rh systems are the most important and areconsidered for the present study. Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method ofidentification an attempt has been made in the present work to analyse their correlation with blood group andIris colour of an individual. This study was carried out on 200 medical students (100 male and 100 female)having different ABO blood groups and belonging to different age groups. All the 10 fingers fingerprintswere taken and divided into loops, whorls, arches and composite. Iris colour recorded by direct illuminationby Slit lamp examination. Results shown that loops pattern being most common followed by whorls, archesand composite. Brown colored iris being more predominant in both the genders than green and blue colorediris.Loops are predominant in males whereas whorls and arches are seen more in females. Composites beingin same proportion in both sexes. Most of the subjects with loops pattern were belongs to O positive bloodgroup and having brown iris colour followed by B positive. Among loops ulnar loops were more predominantthan radial loop.Among all subjects, green colored iris recorded in 5 subjects, out of 5, 4 had loop fingerprint patter &another one subject had arch pattern. Blue colored iris recorded in two subjects with loop pattern.
Evaluation of Diabetic-Medications Adherence among Diabetic Type 2 Patients
Authors: Researcher Ali Shlash  , Ihsan S. Rabeea
Published: April 2021

Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health illness with deleterious consequences bothmedically and economically. When treated inappropriately, it can cause severe acute and chronic sequels.The purpose of this study was to assess the adherence to diabetic medications type 2 diabetic patients.Method : The study was cross-sectional performed to assess the adherence of diabetic type 2 patientsto diabetic medications. The study population was randomly enrolled from rural and urban regions. Theparticipants of the present study were known cases of diabetic patients attending community pharmaciesof the regions in which the study was conducted. After an explanation of the goal of the study, the patientswere invited to be enrolled in the study. After obtaining of the written consent, the Arabic version of Moriskymedication adherence scale was administered to patients to be reported by them but the exception for illiteratediabetic patients who interviewed by community pharmacists who were trained on the questionnaire.Results: The total number of participants was 200 patients with a mean age of (50.65±8.91) and approximatelyhalf of participants (49.8%) have an age of greater than 50 years. More than 100 participants have primaryand secondary education and about (43%) has higher education. The female participants were less than thethird of the total number (29%) of the sample and the remaining was male. the majority of patients (75.5%)have poor adherence to medications while (21.5%) of participants have medium adherence to diabeticmanagement and only (3%) have high adherence to medications.Conclusion: In the present study, The adherence to diabetes medication was poor in 75.5% of participantsand the most common reason for non-adherence as reported by patients was forgetfulness.
Comparing Fracture Resistance of Provisional Restorations of 3-Unit Fixed Partial Dentures: An in Vitro Study of CAD/CAM versus Indirect Technique
Authors: Asadollah Ahmadzadeh  , Behnam Beheshti  , Mohamad Hossein Haghighizadeh
Published: April 2021

Objective: To compare the indirect and CAD/CAM techniques and using acrylic and composites resins onthe fracture resistance of provisional 3-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs).Materials and Methods: In in vitro setting, thirty samples were divided into three groups included 10FPDs manufactured indirectly and made of composite based bis-acryl (Protemp 4) resin, 10 FPDs indirectlymilled with polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA) and 10 FPDs fabricated by CAD/CAM PMMA blocks.Fracture resistance was measured using universal testing machine (UTM). The master model was made ofNiCr-alloy which designed using CAD/CAM technology.Results: FPDs fabricated using CAD/CAM PMMA blocks showed the highest fracture resistance valuesfollowed by Protemp 4 and then PMMA using indirect method. Statistically significant difference wasfound between the three groups (P=0.001). Bonferroni test was applied for pair wise comparison, in whichthe statistically significant difference was observed between FPDs fabricated by CAD/CAM which madeof PMMA blocks and Protemp 4 and between CAD/CAM PMMA blocks and indirect/PMMA FPDs andbetween indirect/Protemp 4 FPDs and indirect/PMMA FPDs. Hence this suggested that PMMA significantlyhas minimum value of fracture resistance when compared to both CAD/CAM and Protemp 4.Conclusion: This study proved the superiority of CAD/CAM PMMA blocks for fabricating 3-unit FPDsover Protemp 4 and PMMA using indirect method, and the superiority of Protemp 4 over PMMA in termsof fracture resistance using indirect methods
The Potency of Kaffir Lime Leaf (Citrus Hystrix) Ethanol Extract Against Lead Acetate Toxicity on Spermatozoa Quality of Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Azarine Ariqoh Arysanti Bahyshidqi  , Safira Nur Izzah  , Sofia Zahra Kamila  , Reny I’tishom
Published: April 2021

Lead is a heavy metal which can affect male reproductive system. The accumulation of lead in the bodybecomes a precursor to the formation of ROS, which is able to damage spermatozoa. The toxicity of leadcan be prevented by antioxidants. Kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix) with their flavonoid content have thepotential to be the source of antioxidants. The purpose of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect ofkaffir lime leaves on the quality of spermatozoa of the mice that have been exposed to lead acetate. Methods:The literature study was conducted using narrative review technique by collecting related articles usingspecified keywords. Result: It is found that kaffir lime leaves contain hesperetin, which is the dominantflavonoid in Citrus group. The antioxidant activity of kaffir lime leaf is able to neutralize lead-induced ROS,as well as to stimulate the formation of enzymatic antioxidants. Conclusions: Ethanol extract of kaffir limeleaves can improve the quality of spermatozoa of the mice that have been exposed to lead acetate.
The efficacy of fractional erbium:YAG laser (2940 nm) compared to Microneedling of topical amniotic membrane stem cell conditioned medium (AMSC-CM) for photoaging
Authors: Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa  , Riyana Noor Oktaviyanti  , Wisnu Triadi Nugroho  , Febrina D Pratiwi  , Luh Mas Rusyati  , I G A A Praharsini  , I G A A Elis Indira
Published: April 2021

Background: Photoaging is a complex biologic process that affects various layers of the skin. Amnioticmembrane stem cell conditioned medium (AMSC-CM) that contain growth factors and have capability toimprove clinical picture of photoaged skin. Microneedling and laser devices are transdermal drug deliverymethods which shows promising results to improve photoaging .Objective: To investigate the efficacy of topical AMSC-CM after YAG erbium fractional laser compare tomicroneedling in photoaging.Method :A clinical study, 60 adult women with photoaging. Randomized into two groups A 30 womenreceived AMSC-CM after fractional erbium:YAG laser (2940nm) and group B 30 woman received AMSCCM after microneedling. Both groups received the treatment 3 times with 2 weeks interval. The improvementof pore, wrinkle, and UV spot as was evaluate before, after and post treatment using computer-stimulatedphotograph skin analyzer.Result: The evaluation of pore and UV spot showed greater improvement in the group of AMSC-CM withfractional erbium:YAG laser compare to AMSC-CM with microneedling group (pore p:0,00 and UV spotp:0,00). There was no significant different (p 0.43) of wrinkle improvement between both groups.Conclusion: The combination of AMSC-CM and fractional erbium:YAG laser have better efficacy in theimprovement in photoaged skins.
The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness in Pilot International Standard School (RSBI) at the Level of Junior High School in Padang
Authors: Deri Putra  , Nurlan Kusmaedi  , Amung Mamun  , Syafrudin
Published: April 2021

The problem of this research is the low of level of physical fitness of students of Pilot International StandardSchool (SMP level) in Padang. It happened because of lack of nutrional status and physical activity.The purpose of this research is to reveal the correlation between nutrional status and physical activity,individually and in group. This research is Quantitative Reaearch that used correlational technique continuedby counting the contribution of independent variables to dependent variables. The accessible population ofthis research was all male students (448) of RSBI school in Padang, academic year 2011/2012. The sampleof this research was 67 students or 15% of accessible population by using proportional technique of randomsampling. The instrument of this research to measure physical fitness (Y) was Multistage Running Test(Tes MRT) ; Nutrional Status (X1) with the measure of weight and age converted to Classification Tableof Society Nutritional Status, Directorate of Community Nutrition, Department of Health of Republic ofIndonesia 1999 ; and Psysical Activity (X2) with questionaire. The results of the research are: (1).Thereis a significant relationship between nutrional status and physical fitness and contributed for 12.00% . (2).There is a significant relationship between physical activity and physical fitness and contributed for 26.00%.(3). There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and physical activity and contributed for29.00%. Thus, it can be concluded that increasing the psysical fitness of RSBI students in Padang can bedone by increasing Nutrional Status and Psysical Activity individually and in group.
The Antioxidant Effect of Noni Fruits Extract on HDL and LDL Level of Wistar Rat Induced by High Fat Diet
Authors: Diah Purwaningsari  , Sihning EJ Tehupuring  , Nita Pranitasari  , Suhailah Hayaza  , Lestari Dewi  , Dian Ardiana
Published: April 2021

Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD) disorders. Inflammatory conditions, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance,as well as several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, are also risk factors for this disease. This study aimsto determine the effect of noni (Morinda citrifolia) extract on the improvement of dyslipidemia condition,based on the Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level. This research is alaboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design. Male Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus)were divided into four groups: negative control group with no induction and treatment (K-), positive controlgroup given high-fat diet induction for 14 days (K+), noni extract treatment group given a high-fat diet anda noni extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg BB per day for 7 days (P1), and noni extract at a dose of 200 mg/kgBB per day for seven days (P2). Low Density Lipoprotein and High Density Lipoprotein serum levels weremeasured using the ELISA method. The results showed that there was a significant increase in LDL and adecrease in HDL in both treatment groups (P1 and P2) compared with K(+) group. Therefore, we concludethat noni extract (Morinda citrifolia) played a role as an antioxidant which can increase LDL and decreaseHDL serum levels in rats induced by a high fat diet.
New Insight in the Using of Core Needle Biopsy As First Line in Preoperative Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Eaman Suud Khalifa  , Ayser Hameed Latif
Published: April 2021

Background: The diagnosis of thyroid nodule by core needle biopsy is different from post resection samplesbecause of difficulties in applying histological criteria for both samples due to limitation in core needlebiopsy sample .Objective: To assess the utility of core needle biopsy in diagnosis of thyroid nodule.Material and Method: We use core needle biopsy as first line method instead of fine needle aspirationand to reach final diagnosis after resection sample . Core needle biopsy results were divided to six groups)unsatisfactory, benign, indeterminate, follicular neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy and malignant)according to The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (1,2,3) .Result : A total of 45 thyroid nodules taken from 45 patients (30 female and 15 male) . Malignant changeswere seen in 19 nodules after surgery and 26 after core needle biopsy. Benign nodules were diagnosed in 11cases after surgery and in 12 cases after core needle biopsy . Final diagnoses were concluded for 34 nodules(76%). Twenty one nodules were diagnosed as malignant nodules and 13 nodules were diagnosed as benignnodules .Conclusions: Core needle biopsy is reliable and valuable tool for the diagnosis of thyroid nodule and canbeen used as an alternative to fine needle aspirate especially in patients with inconclusive results .
Alpinia galanga or Lengkuas (Zingiberaceae): A Possible Treatment for COVID-19
Authors: Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori
Published: April 2021

Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae) or lengkuas is one type of herbal plant that is widely grown in SoutheastAsia. Various countries cultivate this medicinal plant, including Indonesia. This medicinal plant has a varietyof benefits and also be used as a treatment for many diseases. Although the lengkuas rhizome is the mostwidely used and studied part of the plant, the flower on the lengkuas can also provide additional advantages,such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate lengkuas for thefuture prospects against SARS-CoV-2. In summary, this study suggests that lengkuas might be useful as atreatment for COVID-19, although further studies could be conducted to confirm the results of computationalstudies.
Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Nimodipine as an Orodispersible Film
Authors: Ghadah Hamid Naji  , Khansaa Hattam Abdul-Jabar
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study is to prepare nimodipine as orodispersible films by using solvent casting methodin order to enhance its oral bioavailability and improve patient compliance. Nimodipine is a calcium channelblocker belongs to class II, it used to improve neurologic outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) by reducing the incidence and severity of ischemic deficits. ODFs were prepared using three typesfilm forming polymers with different concentration HPMC E3, HPMC E5 and HPMC E15, using (Glycerin)as plasticizer and (Poloxamer 407) as surfactant. The effect of different concentrations and types of polymers,on mechanical properties such as (folding endurance and percent of elongation) and the in-vitro evaluationparameters such (disintegration time, surface pH, weight variation and dissolution profile) were evaluated.HPMC E5 films showed slightly higher cumulative % drug release than films of HPMC E3 and HPMC E15at the same concentration of plasticizer and surfactant
Evaluation of the Relationship between Ossification of Sternal Joints and Age with Multi-Slice CT Scan
Authors: Gokhan Gokalp  , Selman Candan
Published: April 2021

Objective: Sternum radiograph is used in determination of age after 21 years old according to manubriosternalbody (MB) and xiphisternal joint body (XB) ossification. In this study, we intend to estimate age usingmulti-slice CT images as radiographs have lower sensitivity and CT images demonstrate ossification better.Materials and Methods: Multi-slice thorax CT images found in PACS archive are evaluated retrospectively.Cases between 21-65 years old are selected. Coronal reconstruction images were obtained. MB and XB jointossification presence and degree are evaluated in respective age groups. MB joint ossification is gradedas 0-3 and XB joint ossification graded as 0-1. Relation between variables is examined with Spearmancorrelation coefficient. Threshold for age variable is calculated using ROC analysis.Results: Multi-slice CT images of 396 cases are examined (198 females, 198 males). In females and males,MB and XB fusion was seen to start between age group of 21-25 years but there were complete fusion ina few. In 61-65 age groups there were cases without complete fusion. There was statistically significantdifference in males and females according to MB and XB joint ossification in between age groups (p<0.001).Conclution: Evaluation of MB and XB joint ossification with CT scan in age estimation is not appropriatebetween wide age groups.
Genetic Profiling of CYP19 Gene Haplotype in Holstein Bulls
Authors: Hassan Nima Habib  , Khalaf A.H.Al-Rishdy  , Murthda F.AL-Hellou
Published: April 2021

The CYP19 gene is a protein-coding gene that stimulates the transmutation of androgens to estrogens,aromatase activity is related to haplotypes of the CYP19 gene, therefore this study aimed to detect haplotypesof the CYP19 gene in the Holstein bulls. This study, conducted from October 2018 to June 2019. Forty-twoBulls, aged between 4-6 years old were used, which belonged to local farmers in Basra city, south of Iraq.The DNA was extracted from semen, PCR amplification was carried out to acquire the DNA sequence. Thesequences were analyzed by using some Bioinformatics tools. The results showed four haplotypes in theCYP19 gene as a result of silent and missense mutations in comparison with the same gene in GenBank, allthe haplotypes are recorded in GenBank, DDBJ and EMBL. These findings call for further studies to revealthe relationship of CYP19 gene haplotypes and semen characteristics to uncover bulls’ fertility
Environmental Factors and Protective Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate to Systemic Lupus Eritematosus: A Review Study
Authors: Herin Mawarti  , Jusak Nugraha  , Djoko Agus Purwanto  , Joewono Soeroso
Published: April 2021

SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) is one of autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacksits own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs. Etiology andpathogenesis are not clearly mention until now by the scientist, but environmental factor is contribute todevelopment of Lupus and Flare disease. The objective of this study to explain the relationship betweenenvironmental factors and pathogenesis development of SLE, and how the Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate(EGCG) can protect or prevent of organs damage and environmental effects.Method: The research design of this study was used literature review. The data sources collected fromElectronic database in Pubmed, Sage, Google Scholar and website of science including reports, journals andmostly published in the last 10 years.Results: The pathomechanism of SLE was influenced by environmental factors and this was caused anincreasing of oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, dysregulation of immune system and decreased theclean of immune complex and apoptosis of cells. The production of autoantibodies and immune complex arerelated with target tissue with is it was caused chronic inflammation and the end it caused irreversible damagein glomerulus of the kidneys, arteries, lungs and other tissues. EGCG plays a protecting role in environmentalfactors as a trigger because it works as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomudulator. So EGCGcan as a potential agent to protect SLE.Conclusion: Environmental factors plays an important role as a triger of SLE and flare. Moreover, EGCG asa potential agent to protect the presence of oxidative stress, inflammation and immune dysregulation.
In-Vitro Differentiation Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Pancreatic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Hermina Novida  , Agung Pranoto  , Askandar Tjokroprawiro  , Sony Wibisono  , Purwati
Published: April 2021

Background: Adult stem cells are currently reliable sources of mesenchymal stem cells for regenerativetherapy, include diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to develop endocrine pancreatic progenitor cellscharacterized by Pdx1 and insulin expression from rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells using twosteps in-vitro differentiation.Methods: In this experimental study, ADMSCs were isolated from rat adipose tissue and exposed toinsulinogenic differentiation medium containing nicotinamide, activin A and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1). After induction, the existence of pancreatic progenitor cells (PPCs) was confirmed by immune-stainingassay of Pdx1 and insulin.Results: After three weeks of in-vitro differentiation, expression of Pdx1 and insulin proteins showed upas green in the immunofluorescence assay. Immunofluorescence intensity of Pdx1 was higher in PPCs thanin ADMSCs control (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence intensity of insulin was also higher in PPCs than inADMSCs control (p<0.05). Therefore, in-vitro differentiation was successful to develop PPCs from ratADMSCsConclusion: This study has demonstrated the in-vitro differentiation of ADMSCs into PPCs that expressedPdx1 and insulin
KUALITAS PELAYANAN PEMBUATAN SURAT IZIN MENGEMUDI (SIM) ONLINE DI POLRES SLEMAN
Authors: Wakhyuni Tri , Syakdiah Syakdiah , Kusumawati Retno
Published: April 2021

The SIM Online service is a program launched by the Indonesian National Police through the National Police Priority Program, namely Promoter. One of them from the program is information technology based services. Sleman Police Resort is one of the Polres being a pilot project in the DIY Regional Police jurisdiction in conducting Online SIM Services which is supported by the SIM Implementation Unit (Satpas). The delivery of public services must meet the service quality requirements in accordance with the objectives of the program. To measure service quality, the authors use service quality indicators, namely reliability (reliability), responsiveness (responsiveness), assurance (assurance), empathy (empathy), and physical evidence (tangible).This study aims to examine and describe the quality of service making Online Driving License (SIM) at the Sleman Police Resort. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and documentation. Qualitative data analysis techniques are used to analyze the research data.Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that to measure the quality of Online SIM services at the Sleman Police Satpas using 5 (five) dimensions of service quality as follows; First, the Reliabilty dimension, has not been supported by all human resources who have competency certification in managing SIM Online, but there are already Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in the SIM Online service. Second, the Responsiveness dimension, the existence of a fast standard time in SIM extension only requires 15 minutes and for a New SIM requires between 75 minutes to 90 minutes according to the type of SIM. In addition to speed, the service is carried out appropriately with the existence of clear costs based on PP No. 60 of 2016. Third, the dimension of Assurance, the knowledge and abilities of Satpas officers in the SIM Online service. Constraints faced in providing online SIM service guarantees are difficult practice exams and many do not pass. Fourth, Empathy dimension, there is full attention and firmness in the presence of queue numbers and arrangements without any favoritism and discrimination in service in SIM Online services. Fifth, Tangible dimension, there is a Satpas building that has not been used optimally because it has only been used for practical tests, internet networks that are often down and offline, and the number of computers and other devices that are not yet proportional to the large number of people in the SIM Online service. While the information media and waiting room are good and complete.From these results it can be concluded that based on 5 (five) dimensions of service quality, in general it has gone well, but there are some things that need to be improved, such as the quality of human resources, optimization of Satpas buildings, addition of internet network bandwidth, addition of computers and review of regulations about practice exams.
KONSTRUKSI KEGAGALAN IMUNISASI MR TAHAP KEDUA DALAM PEMBERITAAN MEDIA ONLINE
Authors: Haloho Heppy N.Y
Published: April 2021

This research is intended to  compare the construction of the failure of MR vaccine program in online news media (Republika online and Tempo.co) coverage. The paradigm used in this study is the constructivism paradigm with a qualitative approach. The method used in this research is the content analysis method using Robert Entman's framing device as a data analysis technique. The data in this study are news texts related to the failure of the coverage of the second phase of the MR vaccine program in Republika online and Tempo.co for the period September - November 2018. The results of this study indicate  that in Tempo.co's framing, the failure of vaccine coverage was considered as a serious threat to the nation's safety due to the issuance of the illicit fatwa on MR vaccine by MUI, while in the Republika online’s frame, the issue was seen as an indication of low public awareness of health and is due to various factors such as very difficult geographical conditions, the threat of health workers and the illicit fatwa on MR vaccine by MUI.
SAİM SAVAŞ, Sirge Kazası Dikey Boyutta Bir Yerel Tarih Araştırması, Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, Ankara 2017, XXIII + 526 s. [Kitap Tanıtımı]
Authors: Bedi̇r Ayşe
Published: April 2021

Modern tarih yazımı, insana ait olan her şeyin, insanın yapıp ettiklerinin tarihsel süreci etkilediği varsayımından hareket etmektedir. Bir yerel tarih çalışması olan Sirge Kazası Dikey Boyutta Bir Yerel Tarih Araştırması adlı bu araştırma da bu hareket noktasından beslenmekte ve hızla artan yerel tarih çalışmalarının bir parçası olarak bu türden çalışmalara bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu katkı bu kitap tanıtım yazısının amacını da ortaya koymaktadır. Sirge Kazası Dikey Boyutta Bir Yerel Tarih Araştırması adlı kitap, ilk olarak bir sempozyum bildirisi olarak kaleme alındığında Sirge merkez olarak ele alınmıştır. Kitap çalışması olarak genişletilme çabası sürecinde Sirge kazası merkez ve bağlı köyler olarak detaylandırılmış olarak Sirge ve yer aldığı bölge, en eski devirlerden günümüze mevcut kaynaklar ışığında dikey boyutta bir yerel tarih araştırması şeklini almıştır.
Osmanlı Devleti’nin Son Döneminde Grev Hakkı ve Ta’tîl-i Eşgâl Kanunu
Authors: Doğan Hasan
Published: April 2021

Osmanlı Devleti'nin 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren her alanda geçirdiği değişim ve dönüşümle bağlantılı olarak iş, işçi ve işveren gibi kavramların da iş hayatında ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda modern çağın getirdiği ihtiyaçlar neticesinde oluşan icraatlar, işçilerin hak taleplerinde bulunmasına ve bazı karışıklıkların ortaya çıkmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Devletin ortaya çıkan yeni durumlar karşısında, nasihat yolu, kuvvet kullanma ve hukuki düzenlemeler ortaya koyarak kamu düzenini ve asayişi sağlamaya çalıştığı görülmektedir. Nitekim işçilerin grev ve sendikal talepleri ile artan iş bırakma eylemleri ve devlet otoritesini bozacak çapta meydana gelen gelişmeler karşısında Osmanlı Hükümeti, II. Meşrutiyetin ilanıyla birlikte daha somut adımlar atma yoluna gitmiştir. Meselenin halledilebilmesi adına meseleye hukuki mecrada bir çözüm aranmıştır. Bu kapsamda işçilerin sorunlarına çözüm bulma ve taleplerini karşılama gayesiyle 9 Ağustos 1909'da Ta'tîl-i Eşgâl Kanunu çıkartılmıştır. Bu kanunun çıkmasına zemin hazırlayan süreçte şüphesiz, işçilerin ayaklanma girişimleri, grev ve çalışma şartlarına ilişkin artan seviyedeki talepleri önemli bir pay sahibidir. Makalemizde gerek 1909 öncesi ve gerekse 1909 Kanunu sonrası bu konuda vuku bulan gelişmeler, talep edilen grev ve sendikal haklar ile çıkartılan kararlar, dönemin arşiv belgeleri ışığında ele alınmıştır. Günümüzle karşılaştırılması bakımından Osmanlı döneminde geçerli hukuk metinleri ekseninde, konuya ilişkin önemli ölçüde istifade edilen bu belgeler tahlil edilmiştir. İşçilerin grev girişim ve isteklerine ilişkin çok ayrıntılı malumatın da verildiği bu makalede, araştırma eserlerinden de istifade edilmiştir.
YUSUF ALPEREN AYDIN, Müteşebbis ve Devlet: 18. Yüzyılda Peksimetçibaşı Nureddin Ağa’nın Yükselişi, Kitabevi, İstanbul 2016. [Kitap Tanıtımı]
Authors: Karasu Hamit
Published: April 2021

Sanayi devrimi öncesi yüzyıllarda orduyu savaş alanına götürmek ve ordunun ihtiyaçlarını karşılayarak disiplin altında tutabilmek hükümdarlar ve komutanlar için savaşın kendisinden daha büyük çaba gerektiriyordu. 18. yüzyıla gelindiğinde orduların büyümesiyle karşılaşılan engeller de büyüdü. Bu yüzyılda özellikle Avrupa devletleri büyüyen orduları finanse edebilmek için bütçelerinin bazen tamamını harcıyor ve zaman zaman bütçelerini aşarak iç veya dış borç alımına gidebiliyorlardı.Bu noktada, devletler özellikle iki konuda büyük sorun yaşıyorlardı: taşradaki vergi kaynaklarından gelirlerin maksimum oranda toplanması ve ordunun yiyecek, mühimmat ve yem ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması. Dönemin Avrupa devletleri ilk sorunu çözebilmek için literatürde tax farming adı verilen sistemden sıklıkla yararlanırken, Osmanlı Devleti bunun benzeri olan iltizam ve malikane sistemlerini kullanmayı tercih etti.
Belarima violacea (Lucas, 1847) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), a new genus and species for the European fauna
Authors: Violi Michele , D'Alessandro Paola , Biondi Maurizio
Published: April 2021

Belarima violacea (Lucas) is an uncommon species of the Galerucini tribe (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) distributed in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, and recorded here for the first time for the European fauna. One male and one female were found, not far from each other, wandering on the sand among the vegetation of the shifting dunes of the Tuscan coast (Rosignano Solvay, Spiagge Bianche). Some hypotheses are proposed to explain the presence of B. violacea on the Italian coast. Morphological descriptions of external habitus, aedeagus and spematheca, the latter here described for the first time, are also provided, accompanied by micro-photographs.
An Study of Nanoscale Mechanical Twins in GH4169 Alloy by Laser Shot Peening Processing
Authors: Wang Qiang
Published: April 2021

In order to study the mechanism of the fatigue strengthening using laser shot peening in GH4169 alloy, micro-structural and nanoscale mechanical twins (MT) at different depth below the top surface subjected to laser shot peening processing (LSP) were investigated by means of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. In terms of the experimental observations and analyses, the formation of refined grains and nanoscale MT mechanism at the near surface of GH4169 alloy as a function of LSP treament can be summarized as follows: (i) two direction low density of MTs divide the initial coarse grains into submicron rhombic blocks; (ii) high density of MTs aligned in two directions subdivide the submicron rhombic blocks into nanoscale rhombic MT blocks; (iii) the third direction MT further refine the nanoscale rhombic MT blocks into nanoscale triangular MT blocks; (iv) some of subdivided blocks evolve into refined grains. An ultra-high strain rate induced by ultra-short laser pulse plays a key role in the formation of refined grains and nanoscale MT during plastic deformation of GH4169 alloy subjected to LSP treatment.
Fabrication of In2S3/In2O3 by the Sulfurization of In-MOFs Derived In2O3 for Efficient Photodegradation of Methyl Blue
Authors: Liang Ting Ting , Qiu Ling Fang , Li Ping , Duo Shu Wang
Published: April 2021

In2S3/In2O3 composites were fabricated by annealing using metal-organic framework (In-MOF) as precursor, following by sulfurization of In2O3. Structural characterization showed that two kinds of In2S3/In2O3 with different morphologies were obtained by controlling the pH condition during the sulfurization process. Optical characterization results revealed that In2S3/In2O3 heterojunctions display an evidently decreased visible light emission and enhanced visible light absorption compared with that of pure In2O3. The In2S3/In2O3 heterojunction exhibited improved visible-light photocatalytic activities, the optimal composite (pH=2) showed the highest efficiency of 91.14%. The improvement of photocatalytic performance was attributed to the construction of heterojunction.
IFIT5 Negatively Regulates the Type I IFN Pathway by Disrupting TBK1–IKKε–IRF3 Signalosome and Degrading IRF3 and IKKε
Authors: Zhang Na , Shi Han , Yan Miaomiao , Liu Guangliang
Published: April 2021

IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs), known as canonical IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), play critical roles in regulating immune responses against pathogens and maintaining homeostasis. How the IFIT5 regulates innate immune responses is rarely reported and remains enigmatic. In this study, we discover that human IFIT5 (hIFIT5) functions as a negative regulator of the type I IFN (IFN) pathway in HEK293T cell lines. Our data illustrated that hIFIT5 inhibited the promotor activities of IFN-β induced by IRF3 and its upstream factors but not by IRF3-5D (activated form of IRF3), suggesting that IRF3 might be a target of hIFIT5. Further investigations revealed that hIFIT5 downregulated the phosphorylation of IRF3 and IKKε and blocked the IRF3 nuclear translocation. Moreover, hIFIT5 impaired the IRF3–TBK1–IKKε complex, accompanied by IRF3 and IKKε degradation. In conclusion, these findings indicate that hIFIT5 is a negative modulator in the type I IFN signaling pathway, opening additional avenues for preventing hyperactivation and maintaining immunity homeostasis.
Blenders near polynomial product maps of $\mathbb{C}^2$
Authors: Taflin Johan
Published: April 2021

In this paper we show that if

p

is a polynomial of degree

d\geq2

possessing a neutral periodic point then a product map of the form

(z,w)\mapsto(p(z),q(w))

can be approximated by polynomial skew products

(z,w)\mapsto(\tilde{p}(z,w),q(w))

possessing special dynamical objects called blenders. Moreover, these objects can be chosen to be of two types: repelling or saddle. As a consequence, such a product map belongs to the closure of the interior of two different sets: the bifurcation locus of the space of holomorphic endomorphisms of degree

d

of

\mathbb{P}^2

and the set of endomorphisms having an attracting set of non-empty interior. Similar techniques also give the first example of an attractor with non-empty interior or of a saddle hyperbolic set which is robustly contained in the small Julia set and whose unstable manifolds are all dense in

\mathbb{P}^2

. In an independent part, we use perturbations of Hénon maps to obtain examples of attracting sets with repelling points and also of quasi-attractors which are not attracting sets.
Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroethanolic extract of a polyherbal preparation (Cov-Pla 2) in laboratory animals
Authors: Amagon Kennedy Iliya , Falang Kakjing Dadul , Bukar Bukata Bayero , Ajima Ukpe , Wannang Noel Nen’man , Kolawole Jacob Adegboyega , Damen James Garba , Agabi Yusuf Amuda , Kutshik Richard Joseph , Longdet Ishaya Yohanna LONGDET , Gomerep Simji Samuel , Shittu Ismaila , Davou Stephen Daniel
Published: April 2021

Symptoms of Coronavirus Disease-2019 include pulmonary hyper-inflammation; managing local and systemic inflammatory responses may be key in treatment. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of a mixture (Cov-Pla 2) containing five medicinal plants in laboratory animals. The antinociceptive activity of Cov-Pla 2 was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing, Brewer’s Yeast Pyrexia test in rats and hot plate tests in mice. The egg albumin-induced rat paw oedema test was employed to evaluate the extract’s anti-inflammatory activity. The extract produced a dose-dependent (125-500 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibition of pain response elicited by acetic acid, compared to normal saline and increased reaction latency in the hot plate test. The antiinflammatory test showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in paw size diameter at 125 mg/kg from 2 hours, compared to control. In the antipyretic test, the extract produced a significant (P<0.05) time-dependent decrease in rectal temperature at 125 mg/kg after 2 and 3 hours and at 250 and 500 mg/kg after 3 hours, compared to normal saline. The extract did not produce mortality up to 5000 mg/kg per oral. The results indicated that the extract possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, which support its recommendation for trials in the treatment of symptoms associated with COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Inflammation; Nociception; Polyherbal; SARS-CoV-2
Stabilization potential of acidified corn starch in vitamin E enriched coconut oil emulsions for extemporaneous topical formulations
Authors: Adetunji Oladapo A. , Akingbade Tobilola O.
Published: April 2021

In this study, the stabilizing potential of corn starch acidified with hydrochloric acid (ACS) in comparison with Tween 80® was evaluated in vitamin E enriched coconut emulsions for use in extemporaneous topical formulations. Emulsions containing vitamin E and coconut oil (2:3) as lipid phase and different concentrations (1.5 – 5.0 %w/w) of ACS (or Tween80®) in phosphate buffer as aqueous phase were formulated at 27± 2 ⁰C. , Droplet sizes and shapes, pH and rheological properties were evaluated. Acidified CS was analysed using FTIR spectroscopy Emulsions stabilized with ACS and Tween80® were cream and yellow coloured respectively, with the intensity of the colour increasing as the concentration increased. The emulsions were non-offensive and easily re-dispersed on shaking. Emulsions containing ACS had larger droplet sizes (18.34± 1.14 - 33.27± 1.32 µm) and were more spherically shaped with higher pH values(6.80-6.95), showing dilatant and pseudoplastic flows at low and high shear rates respectively. The viscosity of emulsions  stabilized at 2.5 %w/w and 5.0 %w/w remained unchanged after seven days. Acidified corn starch has stabilizing potentials comparable with Tween 80® when incorporated in vitamin E enriched coconut oil emulsions for extemporaneous topical formulations.

Keywords: Coconut oil emulsions; Vitamin E; Acidified corn starch; Tween80®; Viscosity Emulsion stability, Extemporaneous topical formulations
Effects of core-stabilization and dynamic strengthening exercises on patients with non-specific chronic low back pain in Lagos: A pilot study
Authors: Akodu A.K. , Ajepe T.O. , Onwuazombe J.O.
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Exercise is the most widely used form of treatment adopted for gaining relief from low back pain. But the efficacy of core stabilization and dynamic strengthening exercise on cardiopulmonary parameters of non-specific chronic low back pain patients needs to be established. This study therefore compared the effects of core stabilization and dynamic strengthening exercises on pain related disability and selected cardiopulmonary parameters in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP).Methods: A total of 20 (44.55±10.78years) NSCLBP patients participated in this study. They were assigned into two different groups. Group A and B received core stabilization exercise and dynamic strengthening exercise respectively. Participants went through this protocol twice weekly for 4 consecutive weeks and were thereafter assessed for pain-related disability, and selected cardiopulmonary parameters.Results: The result of this study revealed that both exercises (core stabilization and dynamic) improved pain–related disability (p=0.011; p=0.004) and some cardiopulmonary parameters in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (p= 0.001, P=0.034) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) (P=0.001, P=0.001) Pulse rate (PR) (P=0.042, P=0.005).Conclusions: This study showed that both interventions (core stabilization and dynamic strengthening exercise) led to similar result in managing pain-related disability and selected cardiopulmonary parameters except in systolic blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in patients with NSCLBP when between groups comparison was done.

Keywords: Exercise, cardiopulmonary assessment, chronic low back pain, pilot study
Nigeria’s development process, methodology and milestones planned for VISION 20:2020 - 13 years after
Authors: Akinsorotan O.A.
Published: April 2021

Protection of environment and sustainable natural resources

Nigeria is endowed with abundant human and natural resources, hence, her potential of becoming one the world's prosperous economy cannot be overemphasized. Despite the country's vision of becoming one of the world top 20 largest economies, Nigeria is yet to harness and utilized her endowments to transform her economy. Apparently Vision 2020 goals is not achievable in no distant future. This paper reviewed the level at which Nigeria is in the NV20:2020 plan and suggests measures necessary for the realization of the vision. Nigerian Government should recognise poverty eradication and sustainable management of natural resources as important factors that can propel a nation to the realm of wealthy economy.

Keywords: Nigeria, sustainable management, poverty eradication, Vision 2020
Nigeria’s development process, methodology and milestones planned for VISION 20:2020 - 13 years after
Authors: Hassan M.B. , Omobuwa O.
Published: April 2021

A private sector-led economy

Aprivate sector led economy is the sine qua non of an egalitarian, capitalistic and welfare oriented society where every individual is free to develop and contribute to the national economy at their own pace and the individual's reward based on their productivity. However, this is only achievable where infrastructural facilities and support are optimal a situation that has been lacking in the country due to high cost of production; unfavourable business environment; lack of skilled manpower in the country; lack of adequate financial support and others. Opportunity for the government to provide a lead was adequately enunciated in the Nigeria Vision 20:2020 document but this has really not been met. This review as part of a series actually confirms this and will be a pointer to the way forward in enunciating future policy directions for the country
Pycha w nauce
Authors: Szpunar Magdalena
Published: April 2021

Pride in Science

This article is dedicated to the category of pride, which I treat much more widely than a trait of an individual. In my article, I try to determine how specific representations of pride in the scientific community are manifested, what they result from, but I also explain what types of pride can be distinguished in science and what consequences it has for the entire scholarship.
W cieniu fabryki. Wizja katastrofy Zakładów Azotowych w Mościcach w pomniku Wilhelma Sasnala
Authors: Laberschek Marcin
Published: April 2021

In the Shadow of the Factory. A Vision of the Nitrogen Plant Disaster in Mościce at the Monument of Wilhelm Sasnal
The article concerns the shadow phenomenon understood as the state of anxiety of people who create the social environment of an organization. This phenomenon was discussed on the example of Zakłady Azotowe in Mościce and the Wilhelm Sasnal monument, using research material from indepth interviews with the creator of the monument and with Dawid Radziszewski, artistic curator. Information from existing sources and the results of the visual analysis of the monument were also used. The result of the analysis is that: (1) shadow is a kind of social fear of threats from the organization (e.g., failures); (2) its source is the organization itself; (3) shadow is rooted in the past (4) and projected for the future; (5) shadow organizes social life in the environment of the organization and manifests itself in stories, myths and art.
Promotion and Utilization of Cloud Computing in Manufacturing Sector in India
Authors: Dr. Liladhar R Rewatkar
Published: April 2021

Cloud computing-the provision of infinitely ascendable computing resources as a service over the Internet-is
within the method of remodelling just about each aspect of contemporary producing. Whether or not it’s
however producing enterprises operate, however they integrate into provide chains, or however merchandise
area unit designed, fabricated, and employ by the customers, cloud computing helps makers pioneer, cut
back prices, and increase their aggressiveness. Critically, cloud computing permits makers to use several
kinds of new production systems, from 3D printing, and superior computing (HPC) to the Internet of Things
(IoT) and industrial robots. Moreover, cloud computing make accessible to everyone through this technology.
This research article describes however cloud computing permits trendy producing, provides real-word case
studies of this method in action, and recommends actions policymakers will desire guarantee cloud
computing continues to remodel producing and India’s producing aggressiveness.
Power Quality Enhancement of Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System using ANN based Filter
Authors: P Hari Pallavi and P Ankineedu Prasad
Published: April 2021

Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems are increasingly attracting the attention of industry and
academia as a means of providing an alternative to conventional fossil-fuel generation and pollution-free
power. This project aims to improve the power quality level of a grid-tied PV distribution system using shunt
active power filter (APF) along with adaptive current control technique.
In this work Artificial Neural Network controller used to destroy the voltage and current harmonics in a
grid-tied PV system. A reference current generation strategy is implemented to mitigate the current harmonics
by extracting the fundamental constituents (FCs) from the nonlinear load currents. MCCF is employed to
separate the FC from the distorted grid voltages and eliminates the voltage harmonics during extremely
polluted grid voltage condition. The comparative analysis is analyzed to check the effectiveness of the
proposed hybrid control scheme with existing and adaptive control techniques in respect of power quality,
better dc offset rejection, better FC and frequency extraction, and grid synchronization.
Modeling and Control of a Multiport Converter based EV Charging Station with PV and Battery
Authors: D Dhana Prasad and R Ramprasanth
Published: April 2021

As an environmental friendly vehicle, the increasing number of electrical vehicles (EVs) leads to a
pressing need of widely distributed charging stations, especially due to the limited on-board battery
capacity. However, fast charging stations, especially super-fast charging stations may stress power grid
with potential overload at peaking time, sudden power gap and voltage sag. This project discusses the
implementation and modeling of space vector modulation to multiport converter based EV charging station
integrated with PV power generation, and battery energy storage system. In this paper, the control scheme
and combination of PV power generation, EV charging station, and battery energy storage (BES) provides
improved stabilization including power gap balancing, peak shaving and valley filling, and voltage sag
compensation. As a result, the influence on power grid is reduced due to the matching between daily
charging demand and adequate daytime PV generation. Simulation results are presented to confirm the
benefits at different modes of this proposed multiport EV charging circuits with the PV-BES configuration with
SVM technique. Furthermore, SiC devices are employed to the EV charging station to further improve the
efficiency.