bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Meta-Analysis of Gender Proportionality Effects on Job Performance
Authors: Mackey Jeremy D. , Roth Philip L. , Van Iddekinge Chad H. , McFarland Lynn A.
Published: September 2017

Critical mass theory and the tokenism hypothesis propose that females’ job performance is adversely affected by perceptions and experiences that stem from females comprising a smaller proportion of organizations than males. Although belief in the gender token effect appears to be widely held, empirical evidence of this effect is relatively scarce; furthermore, the evidence that does exist is somewhat inconsistent. The purpose of the present study was to provide a meta-analytic test of the gender token effect by examining the extent to which the proportion of females in organizations relates to male–female differences in job performance. Meta-analytic results based on data from 158 independent studies ( N = 101,071) reveal that (a) females tend to demonstrate higher job performance than males ( d = −.10), and (b) this difference does not appear to vary based on the proportion of females in organizations. We found similar results for subjective task performance (e.g., supervisory ratings), organizational citizenship behaviors, and objective task performance (e.g., sales). Overall, this study’s results demonstrate almost no support for the gender token effect on job performance, which challenges the prevailing assumptions of critical mass theory and the tokenism hypothesis.
Midterm Outcomes of a Fixed-Bearing Total Ankle Arthroplasty With Deformity Analysis
Authors: Harston Andrew , Lazarides Alexander L. , Adams Samuel B. , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark E. , Nunley James A.
Published: September 2017

Background:

We present our results with an INBONE I (Wright Medical, Memphis, TN) prosthesis that have a minimum of 4 to 10 years of follow-up and include a preoperative deformity analysis on outcomes.

Methods:

A consecutive series of 149 patients, from 2007 to 2011, at a single institution were enrolled. Pain and patient-reported function were assessed preoperatively and at yearly follow-ups. We analyzed the data for complications, reoperations, and failures (defined as undergoing revision for exchange or removal of one or both metallic components for any reason). Patients were also grouped according to coronal plane tibiotalar alignment; either ≥10 degrees or <10 degrees, and these outcomes were compared. Our follow-up ranged from 48 to 113 months (average 5.9 years).

Results:

There was significant improvement ( P < .05) in the visual analog scale for pain, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society hindfoot scale, Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment, and Short Form 36-Item Health Survey scores at most recent follow-up. There were 14 implant failures with overall survivorship of 90.6% (135/149). Reasons for failure included cysts/loosening (7), talar subsidence (4), fractured component (1), impingement pain (1), and infection (1). Seventy-two patients (48.3%) with preoperative coronal plane deformity of ≥10 degrees varus or valgus were compared to 78 patients (51.7%) with <10 degrees deformity. There was no difference in patient outcome scores or revision rates between these patient groups. There was a statistically significant difference ( P = .039) in reoperation rates among patients with ≥10 degrees deformity (22.2%) compared to those without such a deformity (37.7%)

Conclusion:

Patients who underwent INBONE I fixed-bearing total ankle arthroplasty demonstrated significant improvement in outcomes at a mean of 5.9 years. Catastrophic talar component collapse did occur (2.7% of cases), but relatively rarely. The patients with preoperative coronal plane tibiotalar deformity had similar pain relief, function, and need for revision of implant components. Despite the presumed shortcomings of the INBONE I’s design, this implant showed promising results, with or without deformity, at midterm follow-up with survivorship of 90.6%.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.
Existence and approximation for Navier–Stokes system with Tresca’s friction at the boundary and heat transfer governed by Cattaneo’s law
Authors: Boukrouche Mahdi , Boussetouan Imane , Paoli Laetitia
Published: September 2017

We consider an unsteady non-isothermal incompressible fluid flow. We model heat conduction with Cattaneo’s law instead of the commonly used Fourier’s law, in order to overcome the physical paradox of infinite propagation speed. We assume that the fluid viscosity depends on the temperature, while the thermal capacity depends on the velocity field. The problem is thus described by a Navier–Stokes system coupled with the hyperbolic heat equation. Furthermore, we consider non-standard boundary conditions with Tresca’s friction law on a part of the boundary. By using a time-splitting technique, we construct a sequence of decoupled approximate problems and we prove the convergence of the corresponding approximate solutions, leading to an existence theorem for the coupled fluid flow/heat transfer problem. Finally, we present some numerical results.
New Zealand business tourism
Authors: Tsui Wai Hong Kan , Balli Faruk , Tan David Tat Wei , Lau Oscar , Hasan Mudassar
Published: September 2017

Business tourism has brought significant benefits to New Zealand’s tourism industry and economy. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the impact of economic uncertainty on New Zealand’s business tourism. The panel data gravity model and the maximally correlated portfolio are used to investigate the impacts of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) indices of New Zealand and its key trading partners, along with tourism and aviation-related factors, on New Zealand’s business tourist flows from 2008 to 2015. The findings suggest that two economic factors (New Zealand’s EPU index and bilateral trade volumes) and two noneconomic factors (flying distance and total direct flight seats) are statistically significant in explaining some of the variations in business tourism flows. The results have important policy implications for New Zealand’s policymakers in understanding business visitor demands and planning their tourism strategies.
Narrative meaning making and integration: Toward a better understanding of the way falling ill influences quality of life
Authors: Hartog Iris , Scherer-Rath Michael , Kruizinga Renske , Netjes Justine , Henriques José , Nieuwkerk Pythia , Sprangers Mirjam , van Laarhoven Hanneke
Published: September 2017

Falling seriously ill is often experienced as a life event that causes conflict with people’s personal goals and expectations in life and evokes existential questions. This article presents a new humanities approach to the way people make meaning of such events and how this influences their quality of life. Incorporating theories on contingency, narrative identity, and quality of life, we developed a theoretical model entailing the concepts life event, worldview, ultimate life goals, experience of contingency, narrative meaning making, narrative integration, and quality of life. We formulate testable hypotheses and describe the self-report questionnaire that was developed based on the model.
Behavioural correlates of energy drink consumption among adolescents: A review of the literature
Authors: Dawodu Ade , Cleaver Karen
Published: September 2017

Despite regulatory measures on the labelling of energy drinks (EDs), their consumption among adolescents continues to grow in popularity, but teachers increasingly report significant behavioural concerns among students who disclose habitual ED consumption. A review of papers published between January 2010 and October 2016 was undertaken to determine whether an association between adverse behaviour and consumption of ED exists. Findings indicate that ED consumption among adolescents is associated with alcohol and substance use, risky behaviours and psychological states including sensation seeking, depression and anxiety symptoms. ED consumption impacts negatively on executive functions and increases hyperactivity/inattention symptoms among adolescents. An inverse association between ED consumption and sleep duration exists. The findings highlight the need for greater awareness of the potential risk of ED consumption among adolescents.
Durability analysis and implementation of the floating frame of reference formulation
Authors: Shabana Ahmed A , Wang Gengxiang
Published: September 2017

The finite element floating frame of reference (FFR) formulation, implemented in most commercial multibody system (MBS) computer programs, is widely used in the durability analysis by a large number of industry sectors. In this paper, a single-degree of freedom system is used to derive a new analytical model from the general nonlinear FFR equations. The obtained new analytical model, which can serve as a benchmark example, is used to address fundamental issues related to the accurate, efficient, and general implementation of the FFR formulation, including the treatment of the algebraic joint constraint equations, fundamental difference between the FFR reference conditions and the structural mechanics boundary conditions, the choice of the deformation modes, handling redundant MBS constraints, effect of the MBS joints on the oscillation frequencies, and difference between fixed and moving boundary conditions. Structural mechanics boundary conditions eliminate degrees of freedom and define the system topology, while the FFR reference conditions eliminate coordinate redundancy and do not introduce any motion constraints. The paper shows analytically how the MBS joint constraint equations change the system oscillation frequencies, demonstrates the effect of using inappropriate set of reference conditions, proves there is no single set of reference conditions suited for all applications, and uses other FE methods to verify the results and support the conclusions drawn. The results obtained in this investigation show that improper selection of the reference conditions can lead to solution errors that exceed 100%, making such a solution completely unreliable in any durability investigation. General implementation of the FFR formulation will significantly contribute to increasing reliance on virtual testing, less reliance on building actual prototypes, better understanding of flexible body dynamics, and better communication between various computer-aided engineering groups.
The role of small villages in Northern Tsimshian territory from oral and archaeological records
Authors: Martindale Andrew , Marsden Susan , Patton Katherine , Ruggles Angela , Letham Bryn , Supernant Kisha , Archer David , McLaren Duncan , Ames Kenneth M
Published: September 2017

Small villages have been central to progressive models of hunter-gatherer-fisher complexity on the Northwest Coast as a stage in the narrative of increasingly nonegalitarian social relations. We argue that Tsimshian settlement history is more complicated. We examine settlement and chronological data for 66 village sites in the Tsimshian area, 22 of which we define as small. Small villages were present in the area as early as 6500 years ago, but they are also contemporary with larger settlements until after 1300 years ago. We suggest that small villages represent a traditional Tsimshian social entity known as the wilnat’aał, or lineage, knowledge of which is preserved in Tsimshian oral records. We argue that the persistence of this settlement and community form illustrates the foundational role of this social unit throughout Tsimshian history, a result that has implications for archaeological research in the context of Indigenous history.
The spatial aspects of musical taste
Authors: Skandalis Alexandros , Banister Emma , Byrom John
Published: September 2017

Consumer research has largely left implicit the interrelationships of space and place with taste. This multi-sited ethnographic study explores how consumers enact, perform and further develop their musical tastes via their aesthetic experiences in popular (indie) and classical music places. Our findings suggest that consumers create place-dependent identity investments, which unfold via a tripartite experiential process of manifesting habitus, undertaking habitation and expressing idiolocality. Our study contributes to diverse streams of consumer research, such as consumer behaviour, consumer culture theory and experiential marketing, and opens up avenues for future research focused on the intersections of place with taste.
Radiotherapy in Patients With De Novo Cancer After Transplantation
Authors: Cihan Yasemin Benderli
Published: September 2017

For frequently seen noncomplex cancer presentation, it is important to use rapid, effective, and inexpensive radiotherapy methods. However, for the complex cancer, these sophisticated radiotherapy techniques can decrease morbidity and mortality in our transplant patients and should be considered.
Percepciones de las Mujeres Mexicanas Sobre el Uso de Métodos Anticonceptivos
Authors: Caudillo-Ortega Lucía , García-Rodríguez Adriana A. , Harrison Tracie , Onofre-Rodríguez Dora J. , Benavides-Torres Raquel A. , Pratz-Andrade Ma. Teresa
Published: September 2017

Introducción:

Más del 50% de los embarazos a nivel mundial son no planeados. El 99% de los embarazos no planeados se presentan en países en desarrollo, el 38% de estos en América Latina y el Caribe.

Métodos:

Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, a través un análisis de contenido congruente con la descripción cualitativa. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres de 18 a 24 años de edad.

Resultados:

La angustia por un cambio de vida, el tener planes para el futuro y una relación formal mayor a un año son los principales motivos para usar un método anticonceptivo de forma correcta y consistente. Las barreras reportadas para el uso de métodos anticonceptivos fueron los efectos secundarios, las creencias de los padres acerca de la sexualidad y la reproducción y el estigma hacia las mujeres que usan métodos anticonceptivos.

Conclusiones:

Las principales barreras en las mujeres son las de tipo cultural. Los hallazgos muestran que la influencia de la red social es más importante que las creencias individuales. Por lo que se debe de incluir al personal de salud y la comunidad en las intervenciones de salud.
Robust stabilizing control of nonholonomic systems with uncertainties via adaptive integral sliding mode
Authors: Sarfraz Muhammad , Rehman Fazal ur , Shah Ibrahim
Published: September 2017

This article presents a robust stabilizing control for nonholonomic underwater systems that are affected by uncertainties. The methodology is based on adaptive integral sliding mode control. Firstly, the original underwater system is transformed in a way that the new system has uncertainties in matched form. A change of coordinates is carried out for this purpose, and the nonholonomic system is transformed into chained form system with matched uncertainties. Secondly, the chained form system with uncertainties is transformed into a special structure containing nominal part and some unknown terms through input transformation. The unknown terms are computed adaptively. Afterward, the transformed system is stabilized using integral sliding mode control. The stabilizing controller for the transformed system is constructed which consists of the nominal control plus some compensator control. The compensator controller and the adaptive laws are derived in a way that the derivative of a suitable Lyapunov function becomes strictly negative. Two different cases of perturbation are considered including the bounded uncertainty present in any single control input and the uncertainties present in the overall system model of the underwater vehicle. Finally, simulation results show the validity and correctness of the proposed controllers for both cases of nonholonomic underwater system affected by uncertainties.
Voice and community in the 2015 refugee crisis: A content analysis of news coverage in eight European countries
Authors: Chouliaraki Lilie , Zaborowski Rafal
Published: September 2017

Drawing on a Content Analysis of 1200 news articles on the 2015 refugee ‘crisis’ across eight European countries, we address the question of whether and how refugees ‘speak' in the news. To this end, we categorized the language of these articles in terms of how they narrated the subjects, status and contexts of voice. Our analysis establishes three different linguistic practices through which the voice of refugees is managed in the news – what we call practices of ‘bordering’: bordering by silencing, by collectivization and by de-contextualization. In light of these findings, we reach two conclusions. First, the distribution of voice in European news follows a strict hierarchy – one that relies on specifically journalistic strategies of selection and ordering yet reflects and reproduces broader hierarchies of the European political spheres. Second, this hierarchy of voice leads to a triple misrecognition of refugees as political, social and historical actors, thereby keeping them firmly outside the remit of ‘our’ communities of belonging.
Queer cosmopolitanism in the disaster zone: ‘My Grindr became the United Nations’
Authors: Ong Jonathan Corpus
Published: September 2017

This article reflects on the significance of cosmopolitan socialities and intimacies following disasters, and the opportunities and risks they offer for restorative and reparative action for survivors and their communities. Reporting in particular on the experiences of LGBTQ Filipinos in post-Haiyan Tacloban, I discuss how the presence of foreign aid workers in everyday social spaces provided opportunities for queer identity expression and social attachments. I argue that cosmopolitan socialities, including new connections initiated via mobile dating platforms, were embraced by LGBTQs for their potential to share and repurpose wounds after rupture, especially in a conservative small-town context where LGBTQ identities have been historically repressed. This article attends to the opportunities and risks of queer cosmopolitanism as an uneven experience between middle-class and low-income LGBTQs.
The reciprocal city: Performing solidarity—Mediating space through street art and graffiti
Authors: Christensen Miyase , Thor Tindra
Published: September 2017

In this article, based on two case studies conducted in Stockholm and London, we discuss how graffiti and street art provide forms of expressive cosmopolitanism in reclaiming voice and reciprocity in the city. Through in-depth interviews and observations, we explore how urban artists, using their practice, foster ever-transient and contesting senses of outsidered aesthetics and communicative culture that both seek to challenge the institutionalization and hegemonic indoctrination of today's media cities and, as such, become part of the ensemble that constitute its visual geography. While there are many parallels and inter-urban synchronicity, our results indicate that locally-specific elements are prominent in each city. Both studies indicate that the solidaritarian and spatially mediating character of graffiti and street art, and not just their contents, constitutes a resource in sustaining the possibility of coproducing worldly visions in and of the cities. They both observe struggles for openness and social critique taking place across time and space.
Stories about a Queen
Authors: Das Ranjana
Published: September 2017

In this essay, I return to the soap opera – but in a context hardly ever explored – an urban Indian city in the 21st century. Deriving insights from an empirical study that make interpretive negotiations of a specific Bengali television text its analytical object, this article argues that interpretive practices around the broadcast media texts act as resources in understanding lived media cultures in a historical frame and therefore provide a continued impetus to keep audience analysis on the map of communication and cultural studies without prematurely proclaiming its race is run in the age of digital media.
ABC’s Quantico
Authors: Pafford Audrey , Matusitz Jonathan
Published: September 2017

This article uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) to analyse occurrences of female superiority and racial stereotypes in Quantico, ABC’s breakthrough show in fall 2015. This show features Alex Parrish, a strong female lead of Indian descent. Through the use of CDA, we looked closely at the behaviours and aggressive language of the show’s characters. After analysing season 1 of Quantico (roughly 405 minutes of material), an important conclusion of this study is that, unlike other prime-time television tendencies in the past, the results of this analysis showed significantly more occurrences of female superiority than racial stereotyping. Evidence of female superiority came in the measures that concerned aggressive/authoritative language, violent behaviour and the sexualising of characters on ABC’s Quantico.
Artillery for Conservation
Authors: Silva Arimoro Omolabake Alhambra , Reis Lacerda Ana Cristyna , Tomas Walfrido Moraes , Astete Samuel , Roig Henrique Llacer , Marinho-Filho Jader
Published: September 2017

Military training areas (MTA) are increasingly recognized as sites that harbor high levels of biodiversity, including large numbers of endangered species, yet their conservation value has not been rigorously assessed. Here, we studied the species richness and composition of medium- and large-sized mammals in Formosa MTA, a Brazilian military area, as a case study to assess the conservation value of military areas. We also made an evaluation of Brazilian MTAs regarding size, distributions, and representation of within ecoregion/biome compared with other protected areas. The medium- and large-sized mammal community composition fits the pattern described for the Cerrado, characterized by species of wide distributions, but locally rare. The Formosa MTA supports a relatively higher richness ( n = 29) than protected areas in nearby regions and is a refuge for eight endangered species. Our study identified 52 MTAs covering a total area of 3 million ha. Our findings highlight the relevance of Formosa MTA for the conservation of regional mammalian fauna and indicate the potential of other military areas in the context of biological conservation.
The impact of airway strategy on the patient outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Sulzgruber Patrick , Datler Philip , Sterz Fritz , Poppe Michael , Lobmeyr Elisabeth , Keferböck Markus , Zeiner Sebastian , Nürnberger Alexander , Schober Andreas , Hubner Pia , Stratil Peter , Wallmueller Christian , Weiser Christoph , Warenits Alexandra-Maria , Zajicek Andreas , Ettl Florian , Magnet Ingrid , Uray Thomas , Testori Christoph , van Tulder Raphael
Published: September 2017

Background:

While guidelines mentioned supraglottic airway management in the case of out-of- hospital cardiac arrest, robust data of their impact on the patient outcome remain scare and results are inconclusive.

Methods:

To assess the impact of the airway strategy on the patient outcome we prospectively enrolled 2224 individuals suffering cardiac arrest who were treated by the Viennese municipal emergency medical service. To control for potential confounders, propensity score matching was performed. Patients were matched in four groups with a 1:1:1:1 ratio ( n=210/group) according to bag-mask-valve, laryngeal tube, endotracheal intubation and secondary endotracheal intubation after primary laryngeal tube ventilation.

Results:

The laryngeal tube subgroup showed the lowest 30-day survival rate among all tested devices ( p<0.001). However, in the case of endotracheal intubation after primary laryngeal tube ventilation, survival rates were comparable to the primary endotracheal tube subgroup. The use of a laryngeal tube was independently and directly associated with mortality with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.97 (confidence interval: 1.14–3.39; p=0.015). Additionally, patients receiving laryngeal tube ventilation showed the lowest rate of good neurological performance (6.7%; p<0.001) among subgroups. However, if patients received endotracheal intubation after initial laryngeal tube ventilation, the outcome proved to be significantly better (9.5%; p<0.001).

Conclusion:

We found that the use of a laryngeal tube for airway management in cardiac arrest was significantly associated with poor 30-day survival rates and unfavourable neurological outcome. A primary endotracheal airway management needs to be considered at the scene, or an earliest possible secondary endotracheal intubation during both pre-hospital and in-hospital post-return of spontaneous circulation critical care seems crucial and most beneficial for the patient outcome.
Evaluation of uptake and effect on patient-reported outcomes of a clinician and patient co-led chronic musculoskeletal pain self-management programme provided by the UK National Health Service
Authors: Anderson Joanna K , Wallace Louise M
Published: September 2017

In the United Kingdom, chronic pain affects approximately 28 million adults, creating significant healthcare and socio-economic costs. The aim was to establish whether a programme designed to use best evidence of content and delivery will be used by patients with significant musculoskeletal pain problems. Of 528 patients recruited, 376 participated in a 7-week-long group-based self-management programme (SMP) co-delivered by clinical and lay tutors. Of these, 308 patients (mean age, 53 years; 69% females, 94% White) completed at least five SMP sessions. Six months after pre-course assessment, participants reported significantly improved patient activation and health status, lower depression and anxiety scores, decreased pain severity and interference, and improved self-management skills. There were no improvements in health state and pain self-efficacy. Uptake rate was 71% and completion 82%. The results should be of value to commissioners of pathways of care for the large numbers of patients attending the English NHS for chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Mini review: Ketamine and the urinary tract
Authors: Mistry Pain Tina , Otite Ugo
Published: September 2017

The use of ketamine as a recreational drug has become increasingly widespread, particularly amongst teenagers and young men. Its side-effects on the central nervous system and cardiovascular are well established and documented, although it is now clear that ketamine also has significant toxic effects on the genitourinary system. Increasing numbers of patients are presenting to urologists and healthcare professionals with debilitating symptoms attributable to ketamine use, with many clinicians having very little experience of managing patients with this condition. This mini-review aims to provide a contemporary outline of the clinical aspects of ketamine-associated genitourinary toxicity and a summary of management options for treating patients with this often chronic and debilitating condition.
Natural resources and the dynamics of civil war duration and outcome
Authors: Ohmura Hirotaka
Published: September 2017

How do natural resources influence the duration of civil wars? Previous studies argue that resource wealth increases rebels’ motivation for private gain (motivation mechanism) and provides rebel leaders with sufficient funding opportunities to continue their insurrectionary activities (feasibility mechanism), thereby increasing the likelihood of prolonged conflict. While these two mechanisms are very important arguments for explaining the role of natural resources in the continuation of civil wars, there are not enough existing studies that analyze these two mechanisms separately. To examine the two mechanisms, this article introduces three important factors to the analysis: the lootability of natural resources, types of conflict termination, and power balance between government and rebels. Empirically, this article examines the effect of natural resources on conflict duration for the period of 1946–2003, using a competing risk modeling approach. Findings from the quantitative analysis reveal that lootable resources (onshore oil production) are negatively related to the duration of a civil war that ends in rebel victory and positively related to the duration of a civil war that ends in peace agreement when rebels have enough military capability. On the other hand, empirical analysis shows that non-lootable resources (offshore oil production) tend to reduce the duration of a civil war that ends in government victory.
Open Bankart repair plus inferior capsular shift versus arthroscopic Bankart repair without augmentations for traumatic anterior shoulder instability: A prospective study
Authors: Uchiyama Yoshiyasu , Handa Akiyoshi , Shimpuku Eiji , Omi Hiroko , Hashimoto Hiroyuki , Imai Takeshi , Watanabe Masahiko
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

Arthroscopic treatment of shoulder instability has some advantages (including short surgical time, less morbidity, less postoperative pain, reduced hospitalization time, and decreased risk of complications) compared with open procedures. We performed a prospective study comparing open repair with arthroscopic repair for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. The aim was to clarify the relative effectiveness of open Bankart repair plus inferior capsular shift (OBRICS) and arthroscopic Bankart (AB) repair without augmentations with approximately 5 years of follow-up.

Methods:

We investigated 32 shoulders of 30 patients (24 men and 6 women) undergoing OBRICS (15 shoulders of 17 patients; two patients were bilateral) and AB (15 shoulders of 15 patients). The average follow-up was 5 years and 2.5 months (range: 60–66 months). The clinical evaluation included recurrent instability rate, range of motion, and postoperative rehabilitation. All patients were assessed using the scoring systems of Rowe and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) preoperatively and during the final evaluation.

Results:

Recurrent instability rates were significantly different between the OBRICS (0%) and AB (26.6%) groups ( p = 0.022). There were fewer limitations of external rotation (ER), ER at 90° abduction, and horizontal extension for AB than for OBRICS postoperatively ( p < 0.05). The mean Rowe and UCLA scores for both methods were not significantly different at final follow-up.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that OBRICS leads to a lower rate of recurrent instability. However, those with AB had fewer ER and horizontal extension limitations.
The 180° spin of meniscal bearing in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lee Su Chan , Hwang Seung Hyun , Nam Chang Hyun , Ryu Seung Ryol , Ahn Hye Sun
Published: September 2017

Mobile-bearing Oxford medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been widely used and has produced good results in the treatment of medial compartmental osteoarthritis. But it is associated with the potential risk of meniscal bearing dislocation. Symptoms caused by most meniscal bearing dislocations include acute pain, knee swelling, and locking. We report two unusual cases of meniscal bearing spinning of 180° without remarkable symptoms, which would have been easily missed if we had not watched carefully. Therefore, if there is sudden locking, pain, swelling, or a slight locking history, the possibility of meniscal bearing spin out as well as meniscal bearing dislocation should be considered and the direction of meniscal bearing markers should be confirmed, especially on lateral radiographs.
Public School Choice and Student Achievement: Evidence From Michigan’s Interdistrict Open Enrollment System
Authors: Cowen Joshua M. , Creed Benjamin
Published: September 2017

In this article, we focus on a statewide system of interdistrict open enrollment in Michigan, known as Schools of Choice. Our previous work indicated that students who take advantage of this program are disproportionately lower performing on state exams, come from lower-income families, and are more likely to be minority students. We estimated conditional bounds on these factors, as well as within-student variation in test scores, for the effect of participation in Schools of Choice, and find little evidence that student achievement is affected overall. We find little consistent evidence that subgroups of students based on race, gender or income benefit or lose disproportionately from the program, nor do students whose resident districts vary on key demographic or achievement characteristics.
A note on Ćirić type nonunique fixed point theorems
Authors: Karapınar Erdal , Agarwal Ravi P
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we suggest some nonunique fixed results in the setting of various abstract spaces. The proposed results extend, generalize and unify many existing results in the corresponding literature.
Inter-organ regulation of Drosophila intestinal stem cell proliferation by a hybrid organ boundary zone
Authors: Sawyer Jessica K. , Cohen Erez , Fox Donald T.
Published: September 2017

The molecular identities and regulation of cells at inter-organ boundaries are often unclear, despite the increasingly appreciated role of organ boundaries in disease. Using Drosophila as a model, here we show that a specific population of adult midgut organ boundary intestinal stem cells (OB-ISCs) is regulated by the neighboring hindgut, a developmentally distinct organ. This distinct OB-ISC control is due to proximity to a specialized transition zone between the endodermal midgut and ectodermal hindgut that shares molecular signatures of both organs, which we term the hybrid zone (HZ). During homeostasis, proximity to the HZ restrains OB-ISC proliferation. However, injury to the adult HZ/hindgut drives up-regulation of unpaired-3 cytokine, which signals through Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) protein to promote cell division only in OB-ISCs. If HZ disruption is severe, hyperplastic OB-ISCs expand across the inter-organ boundary. Our data suggest that inter-organ signaling plays an important role in controlling OB-ISCs in homeostasis and injury repair, which is likely critical in prevention of disease.
Physiological effects of increased foraging effort in a small passerine
Authors: Yap Kang Nian , Kim Oh Run , Harris Karilyn C. , Williams Tony D.
Published: September 2017

Foraging to obtain food, either for self-maintenance or at presumably elevated rates to provision offspring, is thought to be an energetically demanding activity but one that is essential for fitness (higher reproductive success and survival). Nevertheless, the physiological mechanisms that allow some individuals to support higher foraging performance, and the mechanisms underlying costs of high workload, remain poorly understood. We experimentally manipulated foraging behaviour in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) using the technique described by Koetsier and Verhulst (2011). Birds in the “high foraging effort” (HF) group had to obtain food either while flying/hovering or by making repeated hops or jumps from the ground up to the feeder, behaviour typical of the extremely energetically-expensive foraging mode observed in many free-living small passerines. HF birds made significantly more trips to the feeder per 10min whereas control birds spent more time (perched) at the feeder. Despite this marked change in foraging behaviour we documented few short- or long-term effects of “training” (3 days and 90 days of “training” respectively) and some of these effects were sex-specific. There were no effects of treatment on BMR, hematocrit, hemoglobin, or plasma glycerol, triglyceride, glucose levels, and masses of kidney, crop, large intestine, small intestine, gizzard and liver. HF females had higher masses of flight muscle, leg muscle, heart and lung compared to controls. In contrast, HF males had lower heart mass than controls and there were no differences for other organs. When both sexes were pooled, there were no effects of treatment on body composition. Finally, birds in the HF treatment had higher levels of reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs) and, consequently, although treatment did not affect total antioxidant capacity (OXY), birds in the HF treatment had higher oxidative stress.
Cold tolerance ofDrosophilaspecies is tightly linked to epithelial K+ transport capacity of the Malpighian tubules and rectal pads
Authors: Andersen Mads Kuhlmann , MacMillan Heath A. , Donini Andrew , Overgaard Johannes
Published: September 2017

Insect chill tolerance is strongly associated with the ability to maintain ion and water homeostasis during cold exposure. Maintenance of K+ balance is particularly important due to its role in setting the cell membrane potential that is involved in many aspects of cellular function and viability. In most insects, K+ balance is maintained through secretion at the Malpighian tubules balancing reabsorption from the hindgut and passive leak arising from the gut lumen. Here, we used a scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) system at benign (23°C) and low (6°C) temperature to examine K+ flux across the Malpighian tubules and the rectal pads in the hindgut in five Drosophila species that differ in cold tolerance. We found that chill tolerant species were better at maintaining K+ secretion and supressing reabsorption during cold exposure. In contrast, chill susceptible species exhibited large reductions in secretion with no change, or a paradoxical increase, in K+ reabsorption. Using an assay to measure paracellular leak we found that chill susceptible species experience a large increase in leak during cold exposure, which could explain the increased K+ reabsorption found in these species. Our data therefore strongly support the hypothesis that cold tolerant Drosophila species are better at maintaining K+ homeostasis through an increased ability to maintain K+ secretion rates and through reduced leakage of K+ towards the hemolymph. These adaptations are manifested both at the Malpighian tubule and at the rectal pads in the hindgut and ensure that cold tolerant species experience less perturbation of K+ homeostasis during cold stress.
Dermal fibroblasts from patients with Parkinson’s disease have normal GCase activity and autophagy compared to patients with PD and GBA mutations
Authors: Collins Lucy M , Drouin-Ouellet Janelle , Kuan Wei-Li , Cox Timothy , Barker Roger A
Published: September 2017

Background: Recently, the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been linked to a number of genetic risk factors, of which the most common is glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations.

Methods: We investigated PD and Gaucher Disease (GD) patient derived skin fibroblasts using biochemistry assays.

Results: PD patient derived skin fibroblasts have normal glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity, whilst patients with PD and GBA mutations have a selective deficit in GCase enzyme activity and impaired autophagic flux.

Conclusions: This data suggests that only PD patients with a GBA mutation have altered GCase activity and autophagy, which may explain their more rapid clinical progression.
Null hypothesis significance testing: a guide to commonly misunderstood concepts and recommendations for good practice
Authors: Pernet Cyril
Published: September 2017

Although thoroughly criticized, null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) remains the statistical method of choice used to provide evidence for an effect, in biological, biomedical and social sciences. In this short guide, I first summarize the concepts behind the method, distinguishing test of significance (Fisher) and test of acceptance (Newman-Pearson) and point to common interpretation errors regarding the p-value. I then present the related concepts of confidence intervals and again point to common interpretation errors. Finally, I discuss what should be reported in which context. The goal is to clarify concepts to avoid interpretation errors and propose simple reporting practices.
Criterial and Level Characteristics of the Development of Cognitive and Analytical Skills of Primary School Students
Authors: Рябова Оксана , Ryabova Oksana
Published: September 2017

The article considers levels, criteria, indicators of cognitive and analytical skills development of primary school students. Qualitative characteristics discovering the content of each criterion are described. Diagnostic tools allow to evaluate the criterial indicators of each level.
Learning Technology DesigningAsa Pedagogical System. Problem Analysis
Authors: Васильченко Нина , Vassilchenko Nina
Published: September 2017

The article contains the terminological analysis of ‘learning technology’ defi nition as well as its original model based on general system theory is being suggested. The authoress points out theoretical, methodological and practical issues that might be lurking about the way of a researcher while dealing with the diverse and thus tricky phenomenon of learning technology. In conclusion, there are outcomes that are likely to become solid starting points of new scholarly works in the fi eld of creating learning technologies and facilitate the experimenter’s work in order to focus on crucial problems of developing and embedding innovative learning technologies into vocational education and training.
School leaders say £2bn more a year is needed to off-set cuts
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: September 2017

Funding arguments continue after the DfE unveils its new-look National Funding Formula with real-terms per-pupil cash pledge
The dispossessed in our system
Authors: Barton Geoff
Published: September 2017

Tinkering with the exam system misses the mark and does nothing to help the underbelly of underachievers that is our national scandal, says Geoff Barton
Marking and feedback: A tick or a cross?
Authors: Burnage Steve
Published: September 2017

Effective teaching and learning cannot take place without effective marking and feedback. Steve Burnage offers us some practical strategies and advice
The veterinary nurse's role in parasite control
Authors: Richmond Philippa
Published: September 2017

Through excellent communication with clients and the development of a working partnership between the client and veterinary nurse (VN), mutual objectives can be set to benefit the health of the pet through implementation of an individualised parasite control plan. Pets are at risk from a range of parasites within the UK several of which are ubiquitous. This article will explore the common parasites pets are exposed to, how to identify risk, formulation of a control plan and how the VN can support the delivery of this information to increase compliance.
Stress in the veterinary surgery: small mammals
Authors: McBride E. Anne
Published: September 2017

The term ‘small mammals’ encompasses a wide range of species. Each has its own environmental, nutritional and social grouping needs. They also have species-specific activity rhythms, behaviours and communication signals. Many veterinary professionals have limited knowledge of these small, and usually prey, species. This may mean they do not take adequate practical steps to help reduce stress, and thus facilitate recovery, when these animals come to the surgery. Further, there are various long-held, if inaccurate, common beliefs about the needs, lifespans and availability of veterinary care for these small animals. These inaccurate perceptions mean many owners do not know how to reduce stress at home or recognise when the animal is showing signs of stress, ill-health or pain. It is the author's aim to help the reader rectify this through a brief exploration of four aspects of these animals: size, sight, sound and scent, and how these relate to sources of stress.
Is veterinary nursing a visible profession? Part one
Authors: Davidson Jane
Published: September 2017

With recruitment, returning to work and retention being key to the future of veterinary nursing what are the issues that are common across all these areas? What they wear gives veterinary nurses limited visibility in their role. There is also the lack of a media image that reinforces the veterinary nurse skills base and a lack of veterinary nursing presence in the financial aspect of both business and client relations. These factors all contribute to a role that is hard for people to visualise and define. In part one of this two part series the uniform and presentation of a veterinary nurse is examined including looking at all the aspects that present a professional image. The impact of the television image on veterinary nursing visibility is reviewed and set in the context with the history of the nursing image.
Exploring the concept of ceramics mixed media in Ghana
Authors: Adjei Kofi , Asante Eric Appau , Oppong Rexford Assasie
Published: September 2017

The introduction of Modern ceramics in Ghana is credited to Michael Cardew between 1942 and 1945, when he taught and worked at Achimota College in Accra and Vume in the Volta region, respectively. Traditionally, the modernist ceramic tradition in Ghana concentrated on form and function, with an emphasis on glazed finishes. It heavily depended on clay and glazes, despite the considerable range of materials that are available for complementing some of the structural, aesthetic and practical limitations that affect the usage of clay for artistic expression. The aim of this study was to move on from the prevailing modernist ceramic tradition by experimenting and reporting on the use of mixed media with clay for the production of forms to create meaning through effects and textures that are difficult to achieve with clay alone. The study used a studio-based experimental research approach involving the manipulation of clay and mixed media. The results obtained from the experimentations with the clay and the mixed media created new aesthetic qualities and emotional experiences that were not possible to achieve with clay alone. The results affirmed that traditional materials, such as rope, fan blades and wood, assume new meanings and effects when added to clay, leading to new opportunities for artistic expression and emotional experience in ceramic art.
Dancer in a laboratory of images: Aby Warburg’s performative didactics
Authors: Fleckner Uwe
Published: September 2017

The image plates that Aby Warburg produced during the closing years of his life and his complex use of photographic reproductions were a completely new, experimental medium in art-history research. The essay deals with the visual rhetoric of this medium, with its both polyphonic and multifocal argumentation structure. Warburg’s plates are arranged into compositions whose distinct syntax does not follow any linguistic models and in many of the plates Warburg’s notion of polarity in art history is expressed through utterly conflicting, inversive perspectives on the pictorial material. They document how deeply devoted the art historian was to pictures in which humanity had sought to exorcise inexplicable and hence threatening phenomena, the emotions of the inner and the demons (‘monstra’) of the outer world. The specific impact of his series of pictures and exhibitions shows that Warburg developed a demonstration procedure that was highly performative.
Warburg’s cultural psychology as a tool for understanding Internet memes
Authors: Felixmüller Maria L.
Published: September 2017

From a historical point of view, the idea of moving forces behind imagery opens up a new perspective on the spreadability and effectiveness of digital imagery today, especially in the form of Internet memes. Aby M. Warburg’s theory of Art History as collective memory is not only connected to the early theories of Evolutionary Biology by Richard Semon, but can also be interpreted as a parallel line of thought to Carl Jung’s psychological concept of archetype. The question of how cultural content was shared and received was deeply connected with Warburg’s theory of the ‘Pathosformel’ (pathos formula) or ‘Wanderstraße der Bilder’ (The Image in Motion).
The technical apparatus of the Warburg Haus: Possible returns from oblivion
Authors: Finch Mick
Published: September 2017

This article examines the technical apparatus of the Warburg Haus in Hamburg and its relationship with Aby Warburg’s art historical methodology. A link is made to an exhibition in 1941 by Saxl and Wittkower entitled English Art and the Mediterranean that was published in 1948 and again in 1969 as British Art and the Mediterranean. In turn, the manner in which this exhibition and publication was image led, the text serving to annotate the images, links to broadcast media, namely, Clark’s Civilisation (1969) and Berger’s Ways of Seeing (1972), as a strong example of a working practice.