bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engendering the Archive
Authors: Roybal Karen R.
Published: January 2018

This chapter presents an overview of land ownership/property laws pre- and post-Mexican-American War (1846-1848). Drawing on historical and legal data, the chapter outlines the ways in which Mexican women, specifically, were impacted by a new U.S. legal system and makes the claim that in order to fully understand and appreciate the making the U.S. Southwest, gender must be a primary category of inquiry. The chapter calls for an in-depth and feminist examination and reconceptualization of the "official" archive to rethink: (a) what is considered "archival" and "historical," (b) who should be considered as "archiveable," or a legitimate actor in the production of historical narratives, (c) the ways in which testimonios provide primary source material that offer an alternative narrative of dispossession.
Testimonio in the Writings of Maria Amparo Ruiz de Burton
Authors: Roybal Karen R.
Published: January 2018

This chapter provides a critical analysis of the literary work of nineteenth-century Californiana author, María Amparo Ruíz de Burton. Through a detailed examination of her novels, Who Would Have Thought It? (1872) and The Squatter and the Don (1885), the chapter addresses the ways in which Mexican American women used literature to archive their collective memories, or testimonios. Ruiz de Burton's narrative approach is the first in a series of novels written by Mexican American women to document nineteenth-century Borderlands history. The chapter argues that Ruiz de Burton uses testimonio in her first novel to reveal the ways in which women of Mexican/Spanish descent were subject to both material and cultural loss post-1848, while her second novel serves as a personal testimony and collective history of Californio dispossession at the hands of enterprising Euro Americans.
Nation of Islam Womanhood, 1960–1975
Authors: Taylor Ula Yvette
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores how black women experienced the Nation of Islam during the call for Black Power. Blues singer Etta James, Minister Louis X (later Farrakhan), Minister Malcolm X, heavy weight boxer Muhammad Ali, and Belinda Boyd (wife of Muhammad Ali) frame the radicalization of the movement. Courtship, birth control, and the pressures to build a patriarchal black nation highlight why some women engaged in trumping patriarchy, in the service of supporting nationhood goals.
Preparations for Battle, July 20
Authors: Hess Earl J.
Published: January 2018

Most of the rest of Thomas' Army of the Cumberland crossed to the south side of Peach Tree Creek on the morning of July 20. While the Fourteenth Corps solidified a good position for defensive action only Geary's division of Joseph Hooker's Twentieth Corps advance to the best defensive ground to the left of the Fourteenth Corps. Hooker acted as if there was no need to hurry defensive arrangements and thus two of his divisions lounged in the bottomland on the south side of the creek rather than aligning themselves with Geary's exposed division. John Newton's division of the Fourth Corps also took up a strong defensive position to Hooker's left and was ready for action. Hood finalized his attack plan, hoping to catch Thomas after the Federals had crossed the creek but before they could fortify their positions—except for Hooker's two divisions, it already was too late to accomplish that goal. Hood had to further delay the attack from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. due to McPherson's unexpectedly early arrival near the east side of Atlanta, forcing the Army of Tennessee to shift its line to the right to confront him.
July 21–22
Authors: Hess Earl J.
Published: January 2018

Union and Confederate survivors evaluated the battle of Peach Tree Creek, commented on the performance of their enemy, and judged the conduct of their own officers. The Federals were jubilant over their victory and the Confederates admitted defeat. The battle increased the already high state of morale among Union soldiers and dimmed Confederate hopes. Hood also was frustrated by the failure of his first battle as army leader, believing a report that Hardee had warned his men before the battle to be wary of Union earthworks. There is no proof of this but Hood blamed Hardee for the defeat in his official report and his post-war memoirs. Hood also blamed Joseph E. Johnston for instilling a timid mood among the men through his constant retreats and refusal to take the offensive. Sherman continued to close up on Atlanta during July 21-22, advancing his men to follow up Hood's evacuation of the Peach Tree Creek Line and the Outer Line. Hood prepared to strike at Sherman's left flank, which resulted in the Battle of Atlanta on the afternoon of July 22. His men came much closer to tactical victory than they had two days before at Peach Tree Creek.
Introduction
Authors: Fernando Saúl Alanís Enciso , Davidson Russ
Published: January 2018

The introduction provides the reader with an historical overview of the Cardenas administration’s attempts to orchestrate an organized repatriation of its citizens from the United States during the years of the Great Depression. The introduction also endeavours to describe how Alanis Enciso’s overview of Mexican repatriation under the Cardenas administration differs from similar analyses, and how each of these works has influenced but ultimately differs from Enciso’s own book.
From the Creation of the Demography and Repatriation Section to the Elaboration of a Repatriation Project, July 1936–October 1938
Authors: Fernando Saúl Alanís Enciso , Davidson Russ
Published: January 2018

This chapter describes how the Cardenas administration continued to identify both the number of and problems facing Mexican nationals living abroad, and to devise plans to form agricultural colonies. Chapter 4 notes that in 1937, the Cardenas administration publicly announced its plan to repatriate Mexican citizens, citing their great need for this population to further the progress of their own nation. This chapter also examines the divisive reception that the permitted return of select nationals (namely, farmworkers) received from the Mexican public, and how some saw it as the government’s national duty to repatriate its citizens, while others staged angry protests and argued that the Mexican government could not seek to take in further nationals when the country had already struggled to absorb the small number of nationals who had been repatriated in 1935.
American Place-Making
Authors: Hunter Douglas
Published: January 2018

Edmund Burke Delabarre’s Miguel Corte-Real theory for Dighton Rock is embraced by the Portuguese-American community of New England and becomes the dominant interpretation, leading to the creation of a state park and a museum housing the rock, which is removed from the Taunton River. Delabarre becomes a published authority on rock art, dismissing Indigenous markings as meaningless, childlike scribbiing that were imitative of European writing. After the Second World War, Dr. Manuel da Silva becomes the Corte-Real interpretation’s greatest champion and propagator.
The Claim
Authors: Richotte Keith
Published: January 2018

Chapter six describes the community’s strong desire for a claim against the United States and the various efforts toward a claim, beginning shortly after the establishment of the reservation and continuing through the ratification of the constitution. In the wake of the disastrous establishment of the reservation and the negotiations and enactment of the Ten-Cent Treaty, the people of Turtle Mountain developed a single political goal that united different factions within the community: establishing a lawsuit against the federal government. As number of obstacles made it impossible to file a suit, the desire to sue the federal government grew at Turtle Mountain. This chapter traces that growing desire and multiple efforts.
The Constitution
Authors: Richotte Keith
Published: January 2018

Chapter seven details the adoption of the superintendent’s constitution, the various groups vying for power at the time, and the community’s reaction and decision on the Indian Reorganization Act. By the early 1930’s the people of Turtle Mountain had been pursuing a claim against the federal government for decades. At the end of the Allotment Era, the federal government presented the community with a constitution that functioned less a governing document and more a tool to perpetuate control over tribal governance through the federal government. While many in the community recognized the deficiencies in the proposed constitution they nonetheless were led to believe that the constitution was a mandatory step toward a claim. Choosing the claim more than the constitution itself, Turtle Mountain ratified the proposed document. When the Indian Reorganization Act presented an alternative, the people of Turtle Mountain rejected it in fear of the consequences for the claim.
Making Empire in the Philippines
Authors: Wenger Tisa
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores the politics of religious freedom in the Philippines during the early years of U.S. rule. It shows how U.S. officials used this ideal to negotiate the relationship between Christianity and secularism, and to classify and control the diverse peoples of the Philippines. Against the backdrop of the Philippine-American War and then of the Moro War, Americans used religious freedom to impose a new church-state separation that served imperial interests by stripping indigenous leaders of their governing authority. At the same time religious freedom became an ambivalent resource for some Filipinos—such as Gregorio Aglipay, revolutionary priest and founder of the Philippine Independent Church—as they struggled to resist and then to navigate the imposition of U.S. imperial control.
Following the Money
Authors: Johnson Joan Marie
Published: January 2018

Chapter 1 examines how suffragists recruited wealthy women to the woman suffrage movement, who these donors were, and why they decided to give their money—and sometimes their time—to fight for political equality. This chapter argues that focusing on their feminism highlights a strand of suffragism that called for gender equality rather than emphasized maternalism, the belief that women as mothers (or potential mothers) had the right and the duty to vote in order to protect children and clean up government. Having experienced both the power of money and its limitations influenced the way women linked economic independence and political equality, which they believed were necessary whether one earned wages in a factory, was a professional with a college degree, or inherited a large fortune. Susan B. Anthony had understood that their donations were necessary, and Alva Belmont and Katharine McCormick gave donations essential to winning the right to vote for women.
An Education for Women Equal to That of Men
Authors: Johnson Joan Marie
Published: January 2018

Some women founded women’s colleges that were designed to offer a rigorous academic program on par with that at the best men’s colleges, such as Harvard. Chapter 4 examines four women’s college founders of Smith College, Newcomb, Sweet Briar, and Scripps College, along with Jane Stanford, cofounder of coeducational Stanford University. They believed deeply in the abilities of women and the need to develop them through higher education. This chapter shows how these college founders defined women’s rights and desired access to education, not only for intellectual growth but also for financial independence. Chapter 4 demonstrates the enormous influence on women’s education that these women collectively had.
Margaret Sanger’s Network of Feminists
Authors: Johnson Joan Marie
Published: January 2018

Many feminist philanthropists believed that economic and political rights for women were incomplete without the right to control one’s reproduction. America’s leading birth control advocate, Margaret Sanger, was a skilled fund-raiser. She carefully managed a network of society women who supported her organizations, publications, and private life. Chapter 6 takes a new approach to understanding Sanger: by moving the spotlight from Sanger to her supporters, it becomes clear that her strategic turn to wealthy women did not come at the expense of her feminism (even if she did drop her socialism), as has been argued by some historians. This chapter shows that women like Gertrude Minturn Pinchot and Juliet Barrett Rublee rallied behind Sanger, creating a Committee of 100 to defend her and promote the birth control movement. Unafraid of being arrested, their personal lives and their birth control advocacy revealed their feminism. Chapter 6 focuses on the ways that feminism undergirded rich women’s donations, compelled them to take on controversial issues, and pushed them to influence Sanger and shape the movement and the American Birth Control League and Planned Parenthood. Furthermore, this chapter demonstrates the social networks of power created by wealthy women.
The Residents of Glenwood
Authors: Cox Karen L.
Published: January 2018

The chapter introduces Jennie Merrill’s neighbors and their personal histories. Richard Henry Clay Dana, known as Dick, was descended from the Danas of New England who were both journalists and ministers. His father Charles Backus Dana was the rector for Christ Church in Alexandria and Trinity Episcopal in Natchez. His second cousin was Charles Dana who operated the New York Sun. Octavia Dockery, Dick’s guardian, was originally from Arkansas and her father Thomas was a Confederate general. Together they lived in filth at Glenwood, Dana’s ancestral home. She became his guardian after Dick was declared non compos mentis. The pair never married and their errant livestock often trespassed on Merrill’s property causing damage. They feuded up until the day Jennie Merrill died.
National Scandal
Authors: Cox Karen L.
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores the national media attention associated with this case. Because the case took place after the first pilgrimage of homes in Natchez, stark contrasts were made between the Old South and the gothic South represented by Dana, Dockery, and Glenwood. The press nicknamed Dana the “Wild Man,” Dockery as the “Goat Woman,” and Glenwood as “Goat Castle.” Descriptions of Goat Castle and photographs of the interior were shared nationwide, which caused journalists to make analogies with Edgar Allen Poe’s “Fall of the House of Usher.” The scandal was that the Old South Grandeur represented by the pilgrimage was a distraction from the squalor of Goat Castle.
Longing for Home
Authors: Cox Karen L.
Published: January 2018

The chapter follows Emily Burns from the Adams County Jail to the state penitentiary better known as Parchman. It describes what life was like for women at the prison by using prison blues songs written and sung by the women there in the 1930s. The songs were recorded in the prison sewing room where Emily/Sister learned this new skill. Mississippi governors held mercy courts at the prison from time to time and Emily begged for mercy and freedom. Two governors rejected her pleas, but Governor Paul B. Johnson believed her and granted a suspension of her sentence at this Christmastime mercy court and she was free to leave Parchman after serving 8 years of hard labor.
Color and Character
Authors: Grundy Pamela
Published: January 2018

At a time when race and inequality dominate national debates, the story of West Charlotte High School illuminates the possibilities and challenges of using racial and economic desegregation to foster educational equality. West Charlotte opened in 1938 as a segregated school that embodied the aspirations of the growing African American population of Charlotte, North Carolina. In the 1970s, when Charlotte began court-ordered busing, black and white families made West Charlotte the celebrated flagship of the most integrated major school system in the nation. But as the twentieth century neared its close and a new court order eliminated race-based busing, Charlotte schools resegregated along lines of class as well as race. West Charlotte became the city’s poorest, lowest-performing high school—a striking reminder of the people and places that Charlotte’s rapid growth had left behind. While dedicated teachers continue to educate children, the school’s challenges underscore the painful consequences of resegregation.Drawing on nearly two decades of interviews with students, educators, and alumni, the author uses the history of a community’s beloved school to tell a broader American story of education, community, democracy, and race—all while raising questions about present-day strategies for school reform.
Busing
Authors: Grundy Pamela
Published: January 2018

Covers the political and social turmoil created as Mecklenburg County struggled with implementing the Swann desegregation order, which required extensive cross-town busing and which was unanimously upheld by the Supreme Court in 1971. Charts the devastating impact of the closing of African American schools, particularly Second Ward High School, in the wake of desegregation mandates. Details the challenges faced by African American teachers and students who were reassigned to historically white schools. Lays out the devastating effects of "urban renewal," which demolished the city's downtown black communities. Tells the story of the interracial, community-based coalition that solved the busing conflict by crafting a plan that ensured that students from all of the county's communities would fully participate, and assigned the children of politically powerful families to West Charlotte.
Resegregation
Authors: Grundy Pamela
Published: January 2018

Shows how the end of busing and the advent of school choice sparked widespread resegregation, particularly in inner-city neighborhoods and outer-ring suburbs. Describes the effects of resegregation on West Charlotte, which was left with a high-poverty population of often-transient students as well as high levels of teacher turnover. Explores the fraying social fabric and the rise of the drug trade in the neighborhoods around the school, and the efforts of teachers, families and students to overcome the resulting challenges. Describes the way West Charlotte students contended with the increasingly harsh judgments directed at inner-city schools, in part because of a new emphasis on school rankings based on standardized tests, and in part because a resurgence of negative racial stereotypes focused on inner-city African Americans. Covers the Leandro lawsuit, in which a federal judge termed the education at Charlotte's high-poverty high schools "academic genocide."
Separate and Unequal
Authors: Grundy Pamela
Published: January 2018

Traces the rise of the "corporate reform" approach to school improvement, which involved increased testing and analysis of test data, an intensive focus on separating "good" from "bad" teachers, and efforts to bring "business efficiency" to schools.Details the work done by principals, teachers and volunteers to create a West Charlotte culture that met the needs of students from often-unstable situations, a local philanthropic effort to improve West Charlotte and its feeder schools, and the dramatic inequalities between West Charlotte and the district's wealthiest schools. Outlines the challenges of building a stable teaching and administrative staff. Notes the effects of racial and economic isolation on social mobility, which according to a national study was lower in Charlotte than in any other major American city. Follows the controversy sparked by a 2010 decision to close several predominantly African American schools and to create K-8 schools in west side neighborhoods. Considers West Charlotte's enduring cultural strengths, and its continuing links to African American culture, history, and neighborhoods.
Final Thoughts
Authors: Grundy Pamela
Published: January 2018

Briefly considers the challenges and possibilities faced by west side neighborhoods and West Charlotte High at a time of rapid gentrification, low social mobility, a shortage of affordable housing and expanding educational "choice."
Race and the Making of the Mormon People
Authors: Mueller Max Perry
Published: January 2018

The nineteenth-century history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, this book argues, illuminates the role that religion played in forming the notion of three “original” American races—red, black, and white—for Mormons and others in the early American Republic. Recovering the voices of a handful of black and Native American Mormons who resolutely wrote themselves into the Mormon archive, this book threads together historical experience and Mormon scriptural interpretations. The Book of Mormon is key to understanding how early followers reflected but also departed from antebellum conceptions of race as biblically and biologically predetermined. Mormon theology and policy both challenged and reaffirmed the essentialist nature of the racialized American experience. The Book of Mormon presented its believers with a radical worldview, proclaiming that all schisms within the human family were anathematic to God’s design. That said, church founders were not racial egalitarians. They promoted whiteness as an aspirational racial identity that nonwhites could achieve through conversion to Mormonism. This book also shows how, on a broader level, scripture and history may become mutually constituted. For the Mormons, that process shaped a religious movement in perpetual tension between its racialist and universalist impulses during an era before the concept of race was secularized.
Invited review: Reproductive and genomic technologies to optimize breeding strategies for genetic progress in dairy cattle
Authors: Fleming Allison , Abdalla Emhimad A. , Maltecca Christian , Baes Christine F.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Dairy cattle breeders have exploited technological advances that have emerged in the past in regards to reproduction and genomics. The implementation of such technologies in routine breeding programs has permitted genetic gains in traditional milk production traits as well as, more recently, in low-heritability traits like health and fertility. As demand for dairy products increases, it is important for dairy breeders to optimize the use of available technologies and to consider the many emerging technologies that are currently being investigated in various fields. Here we review a number of technologies that have helped shape dairy breeding programs in the past and present, along with those potentially forthcoming. These tools have materialized in the areas of reproduction, genotyping and sequencing, genetic modification, and epigenetics. Although many of these technologies bring encouraging opportunities for genetic improvement of dairy cattle populations, their applications and benefits need to be weighed with their impacts on economics, genetic diversity, and society.
Modeling transient soil moisture limitations on microbial
carbon respiration
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Winnick Matthew J. , Hsu Hsiao-Tieh , Lawrence Corey R. , Maher Kate , Druhan Jennifer L.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Observations show that soil microorganisms can survive periods of aridity and recover rapidly after wetting events. This behavior can be explained by a moisture-dependent adaptation (i.e. the ability to transition between a dormant state in dry conditions and an active state in wet conditions). Though this dynamic behavior has been previously incorporated into modeling frameworks, a direct comparison between a model application of this active-dormant transition mechanism and a more simplified first-order model has yet to be made. Here, we developed two models, one using simplified first-order kinetics and the other featuring a process-based rate expression incorporating the transition between active and dormant biomass. The two approaches are contrasted through a benchmarking exercise using a set of time series soil incubation datasets. We evaluated the two models using an Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Combining the AIC evaluation and model-data comparison, we conclude that the dormancy-incorporated model performs better for shallow soils (above 108 cm), despite the added parameters required. In addition, this model is uniquely capable of reproducing transient CO2 flux rates associated with dynamic microbial response to changing soil moisture. In contrast, the first-order model achieves better AIC scores when simulating the incubation data obtained from our deepest soils (112–165 cm). However, deep soils constitute a minor contribution to the overall CO2 flux of an intact soil column. Thus, the dormancy-incorporated model may better simulate respiration of the whole soil.
Aluminium in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Labrador Sea (GEOTRACES GA01 section): roles of continental inputs and biogenic particle removal
Authors: Menzel Barraqueta Jan-Lukas , Schlosser Christian , Planquette Hélène , Gourain Arthur , Cheize Marie , Boutorh Julia , Shelley Rachel , Pereira Contreira Leonardo , Gledhill Martha , Hopwood Mark J. , Lherminier Pascale , Sarthou Geraldine , Achterberg Eric P.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The distribution of dissolved aluminium (dAl) in the water column of the North Atlantic and Labrador Sea was studied along GEOTRACES section GA01 to unravel the sources and sinks of this element. Surface water dAl concentrations were low (median of 2.5 nM) due to low aerosol deposition and removal by phytoplankton. However, surface water dAl concentrations were enhanced on the Iberian and Greenland shelves (up to 30.9 nM) due to continental inputs (rivers, glacial flour and ice melt). A negative correlation was observed between dAl in surface waters and primary production, phytoplankton community structure and biogenic opal production. The abundance of diatoms exerted a significant (p  0.76) west of the Iberian Basin, suggesting net release of dAl at depth during remineralization of sinking biogenic opal containing particles. Enrichment of dAl at near-bottom depths was observed due to resuspension of sediments near the sediment-water interface. The highest dAl (up to 38.7 nM) concentrations were observed in Mediterranean Overflow Waters which act as a major source of dAl to mid depth waters of the eastern North Atlantic. This study clearly shows that the vertical and lateral distribution of dAl in the North Atlantic differs when compared to other regions of the North Atlantic and global ocean due to the large spatial differences both in the main source of Al, atmospheric deposition, and the main sink for Al, particle scavenging, between different oceanic regions.
A synthetic map of the north-west European Shelf sedimentary environment for applications in marine science
Authors: Wilson Robert J. , Speirs Douglas C. , Sabatino Alessandro , Heath Michael R.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Seabed sediment mapping is important for a wide range of marine policy,
planning and scientific issues, and there has been considerable national and
international investment around the world in the collation and synthesis of
sediment datasets. However, in Europe at least, much of this effort has been
directed towards seabed classification and mapping of discrete habitats.
Scientific users often have to resort to reverse engineering these
classifications to recover continuous variables, such as mud content and
median grain size, that are required for many ecological and biophysical
studies. Here we present a new set of 0.125∘ by 0.125∘ resolution
synthetic maps of continuous properties of the north-west European sedimentary
environment, extending from the Bay of Biscay to the northern limits of the
North Sea and the Faroe Islands. The maps are a blend of gridded survey data,
statistically modelled values based on distributions of bed shear stress
due to tidal currents and waves, and bathymetric properties. Recent work has
shown that statistical models can predict sediment composition in British
waters and the North Sea with high accuracy, and here we extend this to the
entire shelf and to the mapping of other key seabed parameters. The maps
include percentage compositions of mud, sand and gravel; porosity and
permeability; median grain size of the whole sediment and of the sand and the
gravel fractions; carbon and nitrogen content of sediments; percentage of
seabed area covered by rock; mean and maximum depth-averaged tidal velocity
and wave orbital velocity at the seabed; and mean monthly natural disturbance
rates. A number of applications for these maps exist, including species
distribution modelling and the more accurate representation of sea-floor
biogeochemistry in ecosystem models. The data products are available from
https://doi.org/10.15129/1e27b806-1eae-494d-83b5-a5f4792c46fc.
Dominant effect of increasing forest biomass on evapotranspiration: interpretations of movement in Budyko space
Authors: Jaramillo Fernando , Cory Neil , Arheimer Berit , Laudon Hjalmar , van der Velde Ype , Hasper Thomas B. , Teutschbein Claudia , Uddling Johan
Published: January 2018

Abstract. During the last 6 decades, forest biomass has increased in Sweden mainly due to forest management, with a possible increasing effect on evapotranspiration. However, increasing global CO2 concentrations may also trigger physiological water-saving responses in broadleaf tree species, and to a lesser degree in some needleleaf conifer species, inducing an opposite effect. Additionally, changes in other forest attributes may also affect evapotranspiration. In this study, we aimed to detect the dominating effect(s) of forest change on evapotranspiration by studying changes in the ratio of actual evapotranspiration to precipitation, known as the evaporative ratio, during the period 1961–2012. We first used the Budyko framework of water and energy availability at the basin scale to study the hydroclimatic movements in Budyko space of 65 temperate and boreal basins during this period. We found that movements in Budyko space could not be explained by climatic changes in precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in 60 % of these basins, suggesting the existence of other dominant drivers of hydroclimatic change. In both the temperate and boreal basin groups studied, a negative climatic effect on the evaporative ratio was counteracted by a positive residual effect. The positive residual effect occurred along with increasing standing forest biomass in the temperate and boreal basin groups, increasing forest cover in the temperate basin group and no apparent changes in forest species composition in any group. From the three forest attributes, standing forest biomass was the one that could explain most of the variance of the residual effect in both basin groups. These results further suggest that the water-saving response to increasing CO2 in these forests is either negligible or overridden by the opposite effect of the increasing forest biomass. Thus, we conclude that increasing standing forest biomass is the dominant driver of long-term and large-scale evapotranspiration changes in Swedish forests.
Two new bairdiid ostracod species from the early Barremian–Hauterivian of the northern and central North Sea to the Atlantic margin off Norway
Authors: Ayress Michael , Gould Tom
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Two new species of bairdiid Ostracoda are described from the lower Barremian
– Hauterivian interval of the Valhall and Åsgard formations in the
northern and central North Sea and Atlantic margin off Norway. The new
species are Pontocyprella valhalla
(lsid:zoobank.org:act:CA6B273F-CFF6-4C38-B9F4-18188225A711, 18 January 2018)
and Bairdia asgarda
(lsid:zoobank.org:act:4A4DC817-A028-45FB-9287-ABF3794F2FCB, 18 January 2018).
These species dominate the ostracod assemblage that occurs abundantly in
early Barremian–Hauterivian deep marine sediments of the northern and
central North Sea and Haltenbanken area off Norway. Pontocyprella valhalla is restricted to this interval and because of its large size and
distinct shape is a useful stratigraphic marker species, its last appearance
being within the early Barremian.
Questions of Phenomenology
Authors: Dastur Françoise
Published: January 2018

This book guides the reader through a series of phenomenological questions—language and logic, self and other, temporality and history, finitude and mortality—that also call phenomenology itself into question, testing its limits and pushing it in new directions. The author sees phenomenology not as a doctrine, a catalogue of concepts and catchphrases authored by a single thinker, but as a movement in which several thinkers participate, each inflecting the movement in unique ways. In this regard, this book is both one of the clearest guides to phenomenology and the author one of its ablest practitioners.
Pre-Occupied Spaces
Authors: Fiore Teresa
Published: January 2018

By highlighting Italy’s long history of emigration to all continents in the world, as well as its lesser known colonial experiences, Fiore’s book poses Italy as a unique laboratory to rethink national belonging at large in our era of massive demographic mobility. Through an interdisciplinary cultural approach, the book finds traces of globalization in a past that may hold interesting lessons about inclusiveness for the present. Fiore’s imaginative remapping of Italy’s national formation and development foregrounds the perspectives of the “outsiders,” that is, departing and arriving migrants along diasporic and (post-) colonial routes. In adopting a lens that introduces space theories by de Certeau, Lefebvre, and Soja to the trans-national dimension of the Italian nation, Fiore analyzes films, novels, songs, plays, and nursery rhymes by migrant and non-migrant authors and artists. They range from established names such as Calvino, Rodari, Mazzucco, Ghermandi, and Lakhous to lesser known artists in the English-speaking world such as Cavanna, Pariani, and Mignonette. Set in such diverse places as Argentina, Egypt, the U.S., Italy, and France, and created by authors originally from Algeria, Tunisia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Romania among other places, these works are strongly focused on the spaces where migrants travel, reside, and work. Seas and oceans, multi-ethnic neighborhoods and buildings, as well as construction sites and domestic environments, are spaces full of preoccupation about the presence of migrants as well as spaces always pre-occupied by previous stories of migration that set up commonalities rather than divisions along cultural lines.
The Transcontinental Maghreb
Authors: Talbayev Edwige Tamalet
Published: January 2018

Critically engaging the concept of the Mediterranean as a “liquid continent” (Gabriel Audisio), the book argues in favor of a “transcontinental” heuristic model that rests on the transmaritime deployment of the Maghreb within the millennia-old relation that has materially and culturally bound it to multiple Mediterranean sites. Studying a Mediterranean-inspired body of texts from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Gibraltar in French, Arabic, and Spanish, the book delivers provocative analyses that complicate the dichotomy between nation and Mediterranean, the valence of the postcolonial topos of nomadism in the face of postcolonial trauma, and conceptions of the Mediterranean as a mythical site averse to historical realization. The book substitutes a trans-Mediterranean reading of Kateb Yacine’s Nedjma as allegory of the Maghreb’s long-standing plurality for Albert Camus’ colonialist Mediterranean utopia. Through this adjusted Mediterranean genealogy, it reveals the intersection of these Mediterranean imaginaries with Maghrebi claims to an inclusive, democratic national ideal yet to be realized. Attuned to both the perpetual fluctuation of the Mediterranean as method and the political imperatives specific to the postcolonial Maghreb, the transcontinental reveals the limits of models of hybridity and nomadism oblivious to material realities. Through a sustained reflection on the potential and limitations of allegory and critical melancholia, the book shows how the Mediterranean successfully decenters postcolonial nation-building projects and mediates the nomadic subject’s reinsertion into a revised national collective respectful of heterogeneity. These far-reaching adjustments to our readings of the Maghreb and the Mediterranean help us rethink not just the space of the sea, the hybridity it produced, and the way it shaped historical dynamics (globalization, imperialism, decolonization, and nationalism) but also the very nature of postcolonial histories and identities along its shores.
The Rigor of Things
Authors: Marion Jean-Luc , Arbib Dan , Tracy David
Published: January 2018

This book provides an introduction to the life and work of philosopher and theologian Jean-Luc Marion through a set of interviews, discussing his educational career, his work on Descartes, his phenomenology, his theology, his philosophical methodology, and his views on the future of Catholicism in France. It presents all of his major ideas in fluid dialogue and conversational tone with his former student Dan Arbib. At the same time, it provides an account of French intellectual life, especially in regard to philosophy and theology, in the late twentieth century. Marion also reflects on the relationship of philosophy to history, theology, aesthetics, and literature. The dialogues include discussions of all of his books and present their central arguments in easily comprehensible fashion. They show the overall unity of his work in terms of its focus on giveness, the gift, and the event.
Problemes i estratègies a l'ensenyament de literatura hispànica per als estudiants xinesos d'ELE
Authors: Chen Shuo
Published: January 2018

Este artículo tiene como principales objetivos delimitar los problemas que existen en la enseñanza de la literatura hispánica destinada a los estudiantes chinos de ELE y reflexionar sobre las estrategias disponibles para mejorar la educación literaria en China. Para lograr estos dos objetivos, es imprescindible recorrer la historia y el presente del ELE en las universidades chinas, y, después, analizar la situación actual de la enseñanza de la literatura y su función en ELE. Se trata de un gran desafío pendiente para los profesores jóvenes, tanto por lo que implica la elaboración de nuevos libros de texto, como de propuestas metodológicas de enseñanza.
Historias que transforman: Narrativas en el aula
Authors: Aguirre García-Carpintero Arecia , Doménech Vidal Ana
Published: January 2018

El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en un centro de educación secundaria de Castellón, concretamente en el ciclo formativo de grado superior en integración social. Tras la elaboración y la edición del libro de historias de vida de mujeres migrantes, lesbianas y bisexuales (Equipo Encontrando Vidas, 2012), se diseñó una unidad didáctica utilizando las narraciones como recurso pedagógico en la asignatura de habilidades de autonomía personal y social. Con la finalidad de conocer y analizar de qué manera estas narrativas habían transformado a nuestro alumnado, se llevó a cabo un grupo de discusión. A continuación, se realizó un análisis de contenido con los datos obtenidos, cuyos resultados manifestaron la trascendencia de las historias de vida en el desarrollo académico, personal y profesional del estudiantado. De esta manera podemos concluir que las historias de vida nos permiten trabajar desde procesos basados en la pedagogía crítica, así como dinamizar el empoderamiento y la inclusión en el aula.
La voz de Tsura. Un relato biográfico-narrativo sobre mediación intercultural y su sentido resiliente en el ámbito educativo
Authors: Márquez García Maria Jesús , Prados Megías Maria Esther , Padua Arcos Daniela
Published: January 2018

El artículo presenta el relato de Tsura desde una perspectiva biográfico-narrativa en la que la relación horizontal entre investigadoras e investigada es una de las claves del diálogo. Así mismo, nos introduce en el debate de la emancipación, la resiliencia y el trabajo de mediación articulado desde la dimensión personal y profesional. En la construcción de este relato se apuesta por el respeto a la voz de la protagonista, silenciada en otro tipo de investigaciones, lo que da sentido al papel que la subjetividad tiene como conocimiento contextualizado. A partir del análisis de este relato podemos comprender y reflexionar sobre cuestiones vinculadas a Tsura, mujer, gitana y mediadora intercultural en contextos educativos marginados. Pretendemos establecer las claves que configuran el debate sobre emancipación, multiculturalidad y género en la institución educativa desde la perspectiva de la mediación. Al mismo tiempo, poner de manifiesto la importancia que para ella tiene la implicación en su formación y el proceso que inicia de repensar la cultura, abordando cuestiones que tienen que ver con los procesos de construcción y reconstrucción de la identidad y las estrategias resilientes en su labor profesional.
Operative Versus Non-operative Treatment of Grade III Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations and the Use of SurgiLig: a Retrospective Review
Authors: Younis Fizan , Ajwani Sanil , Bibi Asia , Riley Eleanor , Hughes Peter J.
Published: January 2018

Background. Acromioclavicular joint dislocations are common shoulder girdle injuries. The treatment of grade III acromioclavicular joint dislocations is controversial. Furthermore, the literature on the use of the Sur­giligTM synthetic ligament for reconstruction of dislocations is sparse.
Materials and methods. This retrospective review aimed to establish whether operative treatment was superior to non-operative treatment in grade III acromioclavicular joint dislocations treated at our institute over a 5-year period. We also reviewed the effectiveness of reconstruction with SurgiligTM after acute and chronic dislocations across all grades of acromioclavicular joint dislocations.
Results. Twenty-five patients completed full follow-up with grade III dislocations. The mean follow-up in the operated group was 3.56 years and in the non-operated group this was 3.29 years. The mean Oxford Shoul­der Score (OSS) in the operated group was 39.8, whereas the mean OSS in the non-operated group was 45.9
(p=0.01). The mean pain score in the operated group was 2.2, and in the non-operated group this was 1.6. The mean satisfaction score in the operated group was 8.2 and that in the non-operated group was 7.8. There was no statistically significant difference in pain or satisfaction scores. In respect to the cohort treated with Surg­iligTM synthetic ligament, 22 patients across all grades of dislocations had this procedure performed. The mean post-operative Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) was 40.
Conclusions. 1. Non-operative treatment is not inferior to operative treatment for grade III acromioclavicular joint dislocations. The data from this study demonstrat­ed that the non-operated group had superior Ox­ford Shoul­der Scores that were statistically significant. 2. Additionally, the use of the SurgiligTM ligament appears to be effective in treating both chronic and acute acromioclavicular joint dislocations.
Founding Landscapes in the Central Karstic Uplands
Authors: Reese-Taylor Kathryn
Published: January 2018

In order to fully understand E Groups, they must be considered within the broader landscapes of the Preclassic (1000 BCE-CE 250). At Yaxnohcah, the E Group lies in the center of a vast dispersed settlement comprised of voluminous platforms. Recent excavations have revealed that the earliest manifestations of three of these platforms were likely built at the same time as the earliest E Group platform, during the early Middle Preclassic (1000–350 BCE). Moreover, the three platforms are arranged in an evocative triadic formation. During the later Middle Preclassic and again during the Late Preclassic (300 BCE–250 CE), the site was enlarged and the architecture amplified and elaborated, with a focus on triadic arrangements and ballcourts. Significantly, however, the E Group complex maintained its centrality in the overall site plan throughout the development of the civic core. Therefore, this chapter considers the corpus of architectural forms at Yaxnohcah. These architectural constructs, the E Group, the Triadic Group, the ballcourt, and sacbes are essential elements of the founding landscape and work in concert to embody the evolving cosmological and social worldview of the lowlands Maya during the Preclassic.
Survival of children treated for Ewing sarcoma in Lithuania: a single centre experience
Authors: Jakutis Gabrielius , Ragelienė Lina , Rascon Jelena
Published: January 2018

Introduction. Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm that mostly affects children and adolescents. Recent studies reported a gap of 20% in childhood cancer survival rates between the Northern/ Western and the Eastern European countries. We aimed to analyse the survival of patients treated for ES at our institution, to evaluate its correspondence to current survival rates in the expert centres, and to assess changes in treatment outcomes over time.
Materials and methods. A retrospective single-centre study was performed. Children under 18 years of age, diagnosed and treated for Ewing sarcoma/PNET at our institution from 2000 to 2014 were included. To assess the hypothesized improvement of treatment outcomes over time, a comparative analysis of two time periods – 2000–2007 and 2008–2014 – was carried out. Five-year overall survival (OS5y) and disease-free survival (DFS5y) were chosen as primary study end-points. Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from patient records.
Results. In total, 40 patients were included in the study: 24 (60%) males and 16 (40%) females. Twenty-eight children (70%) presented with local and 12 (30%) with primary metastatic disease. Over the analysed time frame, improvement in treatment outcomes was observed: DFS5y improved from 46% in 2000–2007 to 61% in 2008–2014 (p = 0.27), whereas OS5y changed minimally from 62% in 2000–2007 to 65% in 2008–2014. Increase in DFS5y was more prominent for localized disease –from 50% in 2000–2007 to 74% in 2008–2014 (p = 0.14). Prognosis of initial metastatic disease remained poor with DFS5y: 25% in 2000–2007 and 38% in 2008–2014. Patients’ median follow-up was 12.3 years (the range from 8.1 to 15.6) and 3.9 years (the range from 1.1 to 8.0) in the first and second study groups, respectively.
Conclusions. OS5y of the entire patient cohort did not change considerably over time and remained slightly inferior compared to the best reported survival rates. There was an evident trend for improvement of DFS5y in localized disease. Survival of children with primary metastases remained poor despite slight increase in DFS5y. Implementation of international clinical trials, consolidation of multidisciplinary approach, patients’ concentration and widening of research activities could be beneficial for the treatment of children in the future.