bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TET1-mediated Tumor Inhibition and Dox Resistance in Colon Cancer by Blocking WNT / β-catenin Pathway
Authors: Shiyu Lu , Mingli Feng , Jiyun Tian , Chenqu Wu , Yuanye Jiang , Qin Cao , Lin Hui
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAs DNA demethylation protein, Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) has been widely reported that is related to tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. This study is to investigate the role and regulation mechanism of TET1 in colon cancer.Methods The TET1 and Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) expression level in colon cancer samples and cancer cell lines HCT116/SW480 were observed to discover the relationship between these two genes. Knockdown and overexpression of TET1 through shRNA and CRISPR technology were used to elucidate the effect of TET1 on WNT/β-catenin pathway. The 5-hmC/5-mC level were explored by bisulfate sequencing (BSP) and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to further explain the regulation mechanism. Combined with the reverse assay and transwell invasion assay, the cell migration and invasion ability were tested. Finally, the role of TET1 on DOX resistance was analyzed.Results TET1 downregulated in colon cancer and showed an opposite expression trend with WNT pathway associated gene CTNNB1. TET1 bound to CTNNB1 promotor and catalyzed demethylation to activate transcription of CTNNB1, inhibiting WNT/β‐catenin signaling pathways. Colon cancer cells proliferation was promoted by TET1 downregulation, which was further verified as shTET1 could upregulate the tumor invasion. The DOX addition could rescue the cell migration, compared with normal expression of TET1. Meanwhile, TET1 down-regulation was related to DOX resistances.Conclusion TET1 played as a DNA hydroxymethylation activates inhibitors of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in colon tumor and TET1 down-regulation contributed to DOX-resistance, which might provide reference to targeting therapy in clinical practice.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Mexican People Living with HIV Under Cart with a High Prevalence of Overweight
Authors: MARQUEZ FRANCISCO CARLOS LOPEZ , Perez Alberto Alejandro Miranda , Pere Domingo , Robledo Arguiñe Ivonne Urraza , Perez Maria Elena Gutiérrez , Galarza Faviel Francisco González , Flores Pablo Ruíz , Goytia Ana Paola Roiz Bollain y
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine risk factors that increase cardiovascular risk and to estimate the cardiovascular risk at 5 and 10 years in overweight/obese in seropositive subjects undergoing cART from the of Northern Mexico Methods: This study included 186 PLWH under cART. The variables analyzed were were CD4+ count, viral load, lipid profile, glucose, insulin resistance, anthropometric measures, family history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, years of treatment and cART scheme. In this study we analyzed the probable estimate of cardiovascular risk using the algorithmic models D: A: D (5-year period) and Framingham (10-year period). Results: In our study, 51.3% of the PLWH had arterial hypertension; most of the subjects were diagnosed with overweight, hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome, which are factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The evaluation of cardiovascular risk with the Framingham model, it is low and with the D model: A: D is moderate Conclusions: PLWH receiving cART present factors that potentiate the risk of early heart disease which are hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, smoking and age. The cardiovascular risk with the algorithmic models D: A:D and Framingham are low to moderate; however these latter results should be taken with caution since the study population is a young population, which will not allow us to establish an accurate cardiovascular risk. It is important to take into account other factors such as overweight or obesity, smoking or coinfections, in addition to years of exposure to cART, which could increase the rate of heart disease.
Water Storage of Plants Cannot Be Ignored During The Process of Water Movement
Authors: Liu Ziqiang , Liu Qianqian , Wei Zijun , Yu Xinxiao , Jia Guodong , Jiang Jiang
Published: July 2021

Water migration and use are important processes in trees. However, it is possible to overestimate transpiration by equating the water absorbed by plant roots with that diffused back to the atmosphere via the stomata. The δ2H/δ18O technique and heat ratio method were used to explore the patterns of water use of coniferous and broad-leaved tree species to determine the proportions of water used for transpiration and water storage. Our results indicate that both species showed strong plasticity in their use of water sources. The species Platycladus orientalis (Oriental arbor-vitae) and Quercus variabilis (Chinese cork oak) primarily absorbed water from groundwater and the 60–100 cm soil layer, and Q. variabilis also absorbed water from the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers during the dry season. Only P. orientalis was sensitive to precipitation and used water from the 0–20 cm layers. Q. variabilis did not change its water source but increased its uptake of groundwater during the rainy season. We observed reverse flow and hydraulic redistribution in P. orientalis, which alleviated the spatial heterogeneity of soil water and provided water for neighboring trees. Nocturnal sap flow in P. orientalis and Q. variabilis facilitated the storage of water in the trunk. The water used for storage in both species comprised 6–7% of the total quantity and therefore, should be considered in water balance models.
Effect of ACE2 Expression Inhibiting Drugs on COVID-19 Disease Severity, Outcome and Length of Admission in Ethiopian Patients: A Causal Inference Using Marginal Structural Model with Inverse Probability Weight
Authors: Leulseged Tigist W. , Hassen Ishmael S. , Zewde Wuletaw C. , Maru Endalkachew H. , Naylor Lydia K. , Tsegay Yakob G. , Edo Mesay G. , Baruda Naol A. , Mihretu Fiseha E. , Terefe Zerihun A. , Kidane Nardos T. , Desalegn Henok N. , Abebe Dawit A.
Published: July 2021

Background
The role of drugs that inhibit ACE2 expression on COVID-19 disease severity, progression and outcome has been debatable with studies reporting contradictory findings. So far, there is no such study conducted in Africa. Having clarity on this issue is relevant as these drugs are the commonly prescribed medications for patients with co-morbid illnesses who are reported to be vulnerable to COVID-19 poor outcome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of acute or chronic ACEIs, ARBs and/or NSAIDs use on COVID-19 disease severity, outcome and length of admission among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 945 patients with COVID-19 who were on follow up from July 2nd to December 25th, 2020. Data was described using frequency tables and cross tabulations. To identify the effect of ACEIs, ARBs and/or NSAIDs use on COVID-19 disease severity, disease outcome and length of admission, Marginal Structural Model (MSM) with inverse probability weighting (IPW) approach was used.
Results
Among the 945 patients studied, 115 (12.2%) had a history of ACEIs, ARBs and/or NSAIDs use. At admission, the majority (39.6%) had mild disease and 272 (28.8%) had severe disease. Among the study participants, 900 (95.2%) were discharged improved and the rest 45 (4.8%) died. The median length of admission was 14.0 days (IQR, 13–16). Multinomial Logistic Regression, Log Binomial Regression and Negative Binomial Regression models were fitted to assess the effect of ACEIs, ARBs and/or NSAIDs use on disease severity, outcome and length of admission respectively. In all the three outcome models, ACEIs, ARBs and/or NSAIDs use didn’t show a statistically significant association with the outcomes.
Conclusions
Acute or chronic use of ACEIs, ARBs and/or NSAIDs showed no effect on COVID-19 disease severity, outcome and length of admission and therefore should not be withdrawn from patients who need these therapies.
Physical Nature of The Density Maximum for Water at 4°C
Authors: Gotsulsky Vladimir Y. , Magazù Salvatore , Malomuzh Nikolay P.
Published: July 2021

A new approach to the physical nature of the water density maximum at 4°C is proposed. The main attention is focused on the role of H-bonds in the formation of the specific volume and thermal expansion coefficients for ordinary and heavy water. It is shown that the minimum of the specific volume for water is connected with the amplification of H-bonds (D-bonds) role at approaching their triple points.
Association of Regular Leisure-Time Physical Activity with Body Mass Index and Obesity Risk in Taiwanese Young Adults
Authors: Liang Chyi , Liang Shih-Wu , Lee Po-Fu , Ho Chien-Chang
Published: July 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the association of regular leisure-time physical activity with body mass index and obesity risk in Taiwanese young adults. Methods: A total of 10,802 young adults (18-44 years) were enrolled into this national telephone survey. The questionnaire data of this survey includes socio-demographic characteristics, zip code of residence, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) behaviors, self-reported health status, and self-evaluations (including height, body weight, and body mass index [BMI]). Results: When using non-regular LTPA as the baseline, participants in regular LTPA group exhibited the lower risks of overweight and underweight (OR, 0.837; 95% CI 0.738–0.948, OR, 0.732; 95% CI 0.611-0.876). But there was no significant relationship between the regular LTPA and obesity risk when using non-regular LTPA as the baseline after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusions: The study results revealed that regular LTPA effectively lowered the risks of underweight and overweight. However, for people with obesity, regular LTPA was unable to significantly decrease their obesity risk.
HNMR-Based Metabolomics Survey in Breast Cancer Cell Line Treated by Chimera Alpha – Fetoprotein (AFP) Peptide
Authors: Nourolahi Seyedeh Masoumeh , Behdani Mehdi , Movahedi Monireh , Shahbazzadeh Delavar , Zamani Zahra
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer among. Chemotherapy and radiation along with surgery are common methods for treating cancer, but they exhibit side effects on normal cells in the body. We used peptides, as new anti-cancer agents, seem to have fewer reactions on the body's natural cells and are specialized markers for targeting cancer cells. Materials and methods: Metabolomics data are obtained by 1HNMR, LC/MS and GC/MS spectrometry and analyzed by chemometrics techniques and the affected metabolic cycles identified using different databases. ZR-75-1 cells were collected with estradiol (positive control), without estradiol (negative control) and estradiol with peptide (treatment group) and the metabolites of these 3 groups were collected by chloroform/methanol or water extraction method. Spectra were analyzed by 1HNMR and chemometric methods using PLS-DA techniques by which differentiating chemical shifts and their respective metabolites were identified using the Human Metabolome Database. The differentiating metabolic pathways were detected using Metaboanalyst.ca website. Results: A concentration of 10-9 M estradiol induced the growth of estradiol-dependent ZR-75-1 cells compared to the control group. A concentration of 10-10 M MH-I peptide inhibited the growth of estradiol-induced growth in this ER + breast cancer cell line. Altered metabolites and metabolic pathway were distinguished. Conclusion: Changes were observed in different amino acids and carbohydrates. The pathways of aminoacyl-t-RNA, glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis and biosynthesis of biotin and amino acids showed the most changes. The results from this study introduces a new peptide drug lead for the treatment of breast cancer with estrogen positive receptor.
Frequency of winter temperature extremes over northern Eurasia dominated by AMOC
Authors: Wang Huan , Zuo Zhiyan , Qiao Liang , Zhang Kaiwen , Sun Cheng , Xiao Dong , Lin Zouxing , Bu Lulei
Published: July 2021

Widespread observed and projected increases in warm extremes, along with decreases in cold extremes, have been confirmed to be consistent with global and regional warming. However, in our study, decadal variations in surface air temperature (SAT) extremes over northern Eurasia in winter are primarily dominated by the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), rather than an anthropogenically forcing. Based on reanalysis and state-of-the-art model simulations, we highlight that the decadal weakening of AMOC narrowed the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution of winter SAT via diminishing its variance, and thus inducing fewer SAT extremes. On the contrary, the decadal enhancing of AMOC corresponded to the increase in the SAT variance over northern Eurasia, making a milder GEV distribution and generating more warm and cold extremes. These AMOC induced variations in SAT extremes may depend on the ocean heat transported into the atmosphere for air motion over northern Eurasia and the Arctic amplification caused by the heat advection from the northward-flowing Atlantic water.
Fumagillin Attenuates Spinal Angiogenesis, Neuroinflammation, and Pain in Neuropathic Rats After Chronic Constriction Injury
Authors: Wen Zhi-Hong , Huang Shi-Ying , Kuo Hsiao-Mei , Chen Chao-Ting , Chen Nan-Fu , Chen Wu-Fu , Tsui Kuan-Hao , Liu Hsin-Tzu , Sung Chun-Sung
Published: July 2021

Background
Angiogenesis in the central nervous system is visible in animal models of neuroinflammation and bone cancer pain. However, whether spinal angiogenesis exists and contributes to central sensitization in neuropathic pain remains unclear. This study analyzed the impact of angiogenesis on spinal neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain.
Methods
Rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) to sciatic nerve underwent implantation of an intrathecal catheter. Fumagillin or vascular endothelial growth factor-A antibody (anti-VEGF-A) was administered intrathecally. Nociceptive behaviors, cytokine immunoassay, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis assessed the effect of angiogenesis inhibition on CCI-induced neuropathic pain.
Results
VEGF, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) expressions increased after CCI in the ipsilateral lumbar spinal cord compared to that in the contralateral side of CCI and control rats from postoperative day (POD) 7 to 28, with a peak at POD 14. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 concentrations, but not IL-10 levels, also increased in the ipsilateral spinal cord after CCI. Fumagillin and anti-VEGF-A reduced CCI-induced thermal hyperalgesia from POD 5 to 14 and mechanical allodynia from POD 3 to 14. Fumagillin reduced CCI-upregulated expressions of angiogenic factors and astrocytes. Furthermore, fumagillin decreased TNF-α and IL-6 amounts and increased IL-10 levels at POD 7 and 14, but not IL-1β concentrations.
Conclusions
Fumagillin significantly ameliorates CCI-induced nociceptive sensitization, spinal angiogenesis and astrocyte activation. Our results suggest that angiogenesis inhibitor treatment suppresses peripheral neuropathy-induced central angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, astrocyte activation, and neuropathic pain.
Identification of Genomic Instability Related Lncrna Signature Associated with Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhu Xiaole , Yu Rong , Peng Yunpeng , Hou Chaoqun , Shi Chenyuan , Yin Lingdi , Miao Yi , Li Qiang
Published: July 2021

Background: Increasing evidence suggested that the critical roles for lncRNAs in the maintenance of genomic stability. However, the identification of genomic instability related lncRNA signature (GILncSig) and their clinical significance in tumor immune microenvironment of pancreatic cancer remain largely unexplored.Methods: In the present study, a systematic analysis of lncRNA expression profiles and somatic mutation profiles was performed in pancreatic cancer patients from TCGA. We performed co-expression network and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses to determine the potential functions and pathways involved in lncRNAs are associated with genomic instability. We then development a risk score model to describe the characteristics of the model and verify its prediction accuracy. ESTIMATE algorithm, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and CIBERSORT analysis were employed to reveal the characteristics of tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer. The correlation of risk signature with immune infiltration and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy was analyzed. Results: We identified 206 GILncSig, of which five were screened to develop a prognostic GInLncSig model. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and stratified analysis revealed that the prognostic value of the GILncSig was independent of other clinical variables. ROC analysis suggested that GILncSig is better than the existing lncRNA-related signatures in predicting survival. Additionally, the prognostic performance of the GILncSig was also found to be favorable in patients carrying wild-type KRAS, TP53 and SMAD4. Besides, a nomogram exhibited appreciable reliability for clinical application in predicting the prognosis of patients. Finally, the risk score significantly correlated with immune score, immune-related signature, infiltrating immune cells (i.e. B cells, etc.), and ICB key molecules (i.e. CTLA4, etc.). Conclusion: In summary, the GILncSig identified by us may have crucial role in immune cell infiltration，immunotherapy and important indicator for clinical stratification management and therapy decisions for pancreatic cancer patients.
Machine-learning based discovery of missing physical processes in radiation belt modeling
Authors: Camporeale Enrico , Wilkie George , Drozdov Alexander , Bortnik Jacob
Published: July 2021

Real-time prediction of the dynamics of energetic electrons in Earth's radiation belts incorporating incomplete observation data is important to protect valuable artificial satellites and to understand their physical processes. Traditionally, reduced models have employed a diffusion equation based on the quasi-linear approximation. Using a Physics-Informed Neutral Network (PINN) framework, we train and test a model based on four years of Van Allen Probe data. We present a recipe for gleaning physical insight from solving the ill-posed inverse problem of inferring model coefficients from data using PINNs. With this, it is discovered that the dynamics of ``killer electrons'' is described more accurately instead by a drift-diffusion equation. A parameterization for the diffusion and drift coefficients, which is both simpler and more accurate than existing models, is presented.
Determination of Genetic Characterization and Circulation Pattern of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv) in Children With a Respiratory Infection, Tehran, Iran, During 2018-2019
Authors: Tavakoli Forough , Izadi Anahita , Yavarian Jila , Sharifi‐Zarchi Ali , Salimi Vahid , Mokhtari-azad Talat
Published: July 2021

The RSV-associated disease accounts for a significant health burden particularly in infants and young children who need to be hospitalized. Since continuous surveillance of circulating RSV genotypes is critical worldwide, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of RSV circulating strains causing upper or lower acute respiratory infection. Our attention was geared towards studying the cases in hospitalized or outpatient children younger than 2 years of age in Iran during 2018/2019. In this study, nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from 206 children who presented with respiratory infection symptoms, were admitted to the referral pediatric ward of Bahrami children’s hospital in Tehran, Iran. RSV-positive samples were detected via Nested RT-PCR. The glycoprotein gene was sequenced, and virus genotypes were confirmed through phylogenetic analysis by the MEGA X program. A total of 74(35.92%) samples tested positive for RSV. Among them, sequencing was done in 10 specimens from 2018 (RSV-A: RSV-B =4:6) and 19 specimens from 2019 (RSV-A: RSV-B =16:3). According to Phylogenetic analysis, all RSV-A strains were assigned as ON1 genotype and RSV-B strains were assigned as BA9 genotype. A new N-glycosylation site in Iranian BA9 and positive selection in ON1 genotype was observed. Phylogenetic characterization of strains in the current study revealed co-circulation of ON1 and BA9 as the only prevalent genotypes of both RSV-A and –B groups.
Crystals Detail Magma Production and Crust Formation at an Active Back-Arc Submarine Volcano
Authors: Trua Teresa , Marani Michael P. , Gamberi Fabiano
Published: July 2021

Magmatic reservoirs feed active volcanoes and contribute to Earth’s crust formation. Among the processes operating in these systems, those controlling the early chemical evolution stages of magma are the most difficult to identify. This paper reports the first multi-mineral crystal archive that offers insights on the magmatic dynamics governing the production of basalt to andesite lavas at an oceanic back-arc spreading centre. As a result of these dynamics, a mush-dominated transcrustal system developed in the last 0.7 million years. The micro-scale crystal view identifies physicochemical magmatic environments that pass unobserved using whole-rock chemistry alone. It also supplies an interpretative formation model for plumbing system components, functional for the interpretation of geophysical data.
Insights into Nitrogen Metabolism in the Wild and Cultivated Lettuce as Revealed by Transcriptome and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis.
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Eriksen Renee L , Simko Ivan , Shi Ainong , Mou Beiquan
Published: July 2021

Large amounts of nitrogen fertilizers applied during lettuce production are lost due to leaching or volatilization, causing severe environmental pollution and increased costs of production. Developing lettuce varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is the eco-friendly solution to reduce nitrogen pollution. Hence, in-depth knowledge of nitrogen metabolism and assimilation genes and their regulation is critical for developing high NUE varieties. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis of the cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and its wild progenitor (L. serriola) under high and low nitrogen conditions. A total of 2,704 differentially expressing genes (DEGs) were identified. Key enriched biological processes included photosynthesis, oxidation-reduction process, chlorophyll biosynthetic process, and cell redox homeostasis. The transcription factors (TFs) belonging to the ethylene responsive factor (ERF) family and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family were among the top differentially expressed TFs. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) we constructed nine co-expression modules. Among these, two modules were further investigated because of their significant association with total nitrogen content and photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (PSII). Three highly correlated clusters were identified which included hub genes for nitrogen metabolism, secondary metabolites, and carbon assimilation, and were regulated by cluster specific TFs. We found that the expression of nitrogen transportation and assimilation genes varied significantly between the two lettuce species thereby providing the opportunity of introgressing wild alleles into the cultivated germplasm for developing lettuce cultivars with more efficient use of nitrogen.
Dewatering of Cellulose Nanofibrils using Ultrasound
Authors: Ringania Udita , Harrison Joseph , Moon Robert J. , Bhamla M. Saad
Published: July 2021

Although cellulose nanomaterials have promising properties and performance in a wide application space, one hinderance to their wide scale industrial application has been associated with their economics of dewatering and drying and the ability to redisperse them back into suspension without introducing agglomerates or lose of yield. The present work investigates the dewatering of aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) using ultrasound as a potentially low-cost, non-thermal, and scalable alternative to traditional heat-based drying methods such as spray drying. Specifically, we use vibrating mesh transducers to develop a direct-contact mode ultrasonic dewatering platform to remove water from CNF suspensions in a continuous manner. We demonstrate that the degree of dewatering is modulated by the number of transducers, their spatial configuration, and the flow rate of the CNF suspension. Water removal of up to 72 wt.% is achieved, corresponding to a final CNF concentration of 11 wt.% in 30 minutes using a twotransducer configuration. To evaluate the redispersibility of the dewatered CNF material, we use a microscopic analysis to quantify the morphology of the redispersed CNF suspension. By developing a custom software pipeline to automate image analysis, we compare the histograms of the dimensions (length, width) of the redispersed dewatered fibrils with the original CNF samples and observe no significant difference, suggesting that no agglomeration is induced due to ultrasonic dewatering. We estimate that this ultrasound dewatering technique is also energyefficient, consuming up to 36% less energy than the enthalpy of evaporation per kilogram of water. Together with the inexpensive cost of transducers (<$1), the potential for scaling up in parallel flow configurations, and excellent redispersion of the dewatered CNF, our work offers a proof-ofconcept of a sustainable CNF dewatering system, that addresses the shortcomings of existing techniques.
Transcriptomic analysis of cadmium stressed Tamarix hispida revealed novel transcripts and the importance of ABA network
Authors: Gao Caiqiu , Wang Pei-Long , Lei Xiao-Jin , Wang Yuan-Yuan , Liu Bai-chao , Wang Dan-ni , Liu Zhong-Yuan
Published: July 2021

Aim Cadmium (Cd) pollution is widely detected in soil and has been recognized as a major environmental problem. Tamarix hispida is a woody halophyte, which can form natural forest on desert and the soil with 0.5–1% salt content, making it an ideal plant for research investigating the effects of various stresses on plants. However, no systematic study has investigated the molecular mechanism of Cd tolerance in T. hispida.Methods In this study, the RNA-seq technique was applied to analyze the transcriptomic changes in T. hispida treated with 150 µmol L− 1 CdCl2 for 24, 48 and 72 h compared with control.Results In total, 72764 unigenes exhibited similar sequences in the NR database, while 41528 unigenes (36.3% of all the unigenes) did not exhibit similar sequences, which may be new transcripts. In addition, 6778, 8282 and 8601 DEGs were detected at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Functional annotation analysis indicated that many genes may be involved in several aspects of the Cd stress response, including ion bonding, signal transduction, stress sensing, hormone responses and ROS metabolism. A ThUGT gene from the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway can enhance the Cd resistance ability of T. hispida by regulating the production of reactive oxygen species under Cd stress and inhibiting T. hispida absorption of Cd.Conclusion The new transcriptome resources and data that we present in this study for T. hispida may substantially facilitate molecular studies of the mechanisms governing Cd resistance.
Improved electrochemical oxidative degradation of Reactive Red 24 dye by BDD anodes coupled with nitrate: operating parameters, kinetics, and degradation pathways
Authors: Tang Yining , He Deliang , Guo Yanni , Shang Jun , Zhou Lei , Pan Rong , Dong Wei , Liu Mengli
Published: July 2021

The electrochemical oxidation (EO) process coupled with BDD anode and nitrate was used to improve Reactive Red 24 (RR24) removal efficiency in wastewater treatment. The effects of operating parameters on the decolorization efficiency of RR24 were discussed, and the optimal operating parameters were obtained as follows: 45 mA cm− 2, 100 mM SO42−, 7 mM NO3−, 60°C, pH 5.88, and 100 mg L− 1 RR24 initial concentration. The energy consumption for 100% decolorization within 15 min is 0.92 kWh m− 3, and the total organic carbon (TOC) reaches 51.35% within 90 min. Through the effect of quenchers on RR24 decolorization efficiency, various active species in the EO process were studied. It was found that •OH was closely related to the decolorization degradation of RR24, reaching a contribution rate of 99.47%. Finally, we propose the degradation pathways of RR24 by UV-Vis spectrum and LC-MS test. In summary, the proposed treatment process could be applied to treat RR24 dyes as an efficient method.
Perfil clínico dos pacientes atendidos na Clínica de Dentística da UFCG
Authors: Andrade Neta Maria das Graças Duarte de , Cruz Jose Henrique de Araújo , Costa Moan Jéfter Fernandes , Penha Elizandra Silva da , Alves Maria Angélica Satyro Gomes , Oliveira Filho Abrahao Alves de , Figueiredo Camila Helena Machado da Costa , Dantas Darlene Cristina Ramos Heloy , Guênes Gymenna Maria Tenório
Published: July 2021

Para um correto planejamento em saúde e organização em serviço, analisar o perfil e a história clínica dos pacientes atendidos é fundamental, pois esse modelo de estudo se faz necessário para conhecer, através de registros clínicos, as peculiaridades dos pacientes, e também avaliar a qualidade do serviço, compreendendo e atendendo as verdadeiras necessidades da população. Diante desse ponto de vista, o objetivo deste estudo foi traçar o perfil clínico dos pacientes atendidos na clínica de Dentística da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, do campus Patos PB. Este estudo foi do tipo transversal, observacional, com abordagem indutiva e procedimento comparativo, descritivo, adotando como estratégia de coleta de dados equivalente a 200 prontuários dos pacientes atendidos na clínica escola de Dentística. Considerando os dados, verificou-se que a maior parte dos pacientes eram do gênero feminino (57,5%), com idades entre 31 e 45 anos (38,5%), cujo perfil clínico apresentava dentes hígidos (40,75%), cárie (19,6%) e dentes ausentes (18,51%), ainda, constatou-se que a maior parte dos pacientes não concluíram o tratamento indicado (60%). Esta pesquisa nos permitiu compreender com mais detalhes os pacientes recebidos nesta clínica escola, demonstrando que um grupo considerável de pacientes possui problemas dentários, e isto é reflexo da realidade quando nos referimos à compreensão das necessidades do paciente no atendimento odontológico, especialmente levando em consideração a falta de acesso da população aos serviços odontológicos de qualidade.
Correção de assimetria gengival através de gengivectomia com osteotomia minimamente traumática
Authors: Souza Andressa Nascimento de , Silva André Rodrigo Justino da , Silva Elaine Patrícia Lima
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Quando existe desarmonia ou assimetria no conjunto dentes-gengiva-lábios, o status psicológico e social do indivíduo fica prejudicado e se faz necessário alguma intervenção para promover satisfação e bem estar ao paciente. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de correção de assimetria gengival através da técnica de gengivectomia com osteotomia minimamente traumática. Relato de Caso: Paciente de 22 anos, sexo feminino, leucoderma compareceu para atendimento tendo como queixa a assimetria de gengiva no sorriso. Após a avaliação clínica e periodontal viu-se a necessidade da cirurgia de gengivectomia associada a osteotomia minimamente traumática (flapless). Inicialmente realizou-se anestesia terminal infiltrativa utilizando o anestésico mepivacaína com vasoconstrictor, marcação dos pontos através da sondagem utilizando a sonda periodontal de Williams na região vestibular dos dentes 11, 12, 21 e 23, após isso a remoção do tecido gengival foi realizada com bisturi 15c e seguiu-se com a osteotomia através do sulco gengival utilizando o Cinzel Mini-Ochsenbein N°2. Durante e após o procedimento observou-se a distância entre a crista óssea alveolar e a margem gengival, que deve ser de 3mm. Concluída a osteotomia fez-se a gengivoplastia com ponta diamantada 3118 em alta rotação. Por fim foi efetuada a irrigação abundante com soro fisiológico; hemostasia; e orientações pós-operatórias, incluindo o uso de Punica granatum Linn (romã) para bochecho. Conclusão: Quando corretamente indicada e executada, a técnica de gengivectomia com osteotomia apenas por via sulcular com uso de cinzel periodontal, sem elevação de retalho é eficaz na correção de assimetrias dos dentes anteriores.
Protocolos e condutas para diferentes situações clínicas de avulsão de dentes permanentes
Authors: Pedrosa Luciana de Oliveira Souza , Da Silva Sobrinho Adriano Referino , Cartaxo Renata de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O traumatismo dentário é frequente nos serviços de urgência Odontológica. A avulsão dentária, como parte desse grupo de lesões, é comum em crianças e jovens, e possui como principais causas acidentes esportivos e automobilísticos. O cirurgião-dentista deve conhecer os protocolos para conduzir os casos de avulsão dentária, bem como orientar os pacientes sobre como proceder nestas situações. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca dos protocolos e condutas em diferentes situações de avulsão dentária. Material e método: Foi realizada uma busca de artigos através dos descritores “Avulsão Dentária”, “Conduta clínica” e “Reimplante dentário” na base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde nos idiomas inglês e português, tendo como critérios de inclusão estudos que possuem condutas diante de situações de avulsão. Resultados: O tratamento de escolha para a avulsão dentária é o reimplante do elemento. As condições de armazenamento e tempo fora do alvéolo são fatores decisivos no sucesso do reimplante dentário e este deve ser realizado no local do acidente. Nos casos em que não for possível o reimplante imediato, o elemento dentário deve ser acondicionado em meio adequado para preservar a vitalidade pulpar e do ligamento periodontal. O reimplante tardio pode ser uma alternativa para os casos onde objetiva-se a preservação do osso alveolar para posterior implante dentário. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a necessidade de discussão sobre o tema entre cirurgiões dentistas, profissionais da saúde e da educação, a fim de disseminar conhecimento e contribuir para a adoção de melhores condutas frente a casos de avulsão dentária.
Aplicativo móvel para diagnóstico das desordens temporomandibulares articulares: desenvolvimento do protótipo
Authors: Cortelletti Maritza Monçalves Viana , Machado Gabriela Moraes , Kasper Rafaela Hartmann , Cruz Raul Antônio , Bavaresco Caren Serra
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Em função da importância do diagnóstico precoce e correto das inúmeras patologias que podem afetar a Articulação Temporomandibular e das dificuldades em diagnosticar apresentadas pelos profissionais da Odontologia, mostra-se necessário propor mecanismos que sejam auxiliadores nesse procedimento. Objetivo: Desenvolver um aplicativo móvel com ênfase no diagnóstico das Disfunções Temporomandibulares Articulares, tendo como público alvo os profissionais de saúde bucal e graduandos em Odontologia. Material e Método: Foi desenvolvido um sistema caracterizado pelo preenchimento de um questionário contendo as principais características das DTMs segundo a Academia Americana de Dor. Em relação à plataforma, optou-se por utilizar o sistema Android, e, quanto ao gerenciador de dados, foi utilizado o MySQL. O questionário inicia-se com o Índice de Fonseca a fim de identificar se o paciente é portador de DTM. Caso o paciente seja portador de DTM, o questionário seguirá para questões relacionadas ao diagnóstico de DTMs articular. Neste primeiro momento do protótipo, foram introduzidas dez perguntas no questionário sobre o deslocamento do disco com redução. Resultados: O aplicativo móvel para diagnóstico das desordens temporomandibulares articulares apresentou funcionalidade capaz de disponibilizar um escore de severidade de DTMs articular do paciente e diagnóstico de deslocamento do disco com redução. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis direcionados ao manejo da DTM é relevante, já que a prevalência desta patologia é crescente em termos populacionais, sendo necessário que o cirurgião-dentista esteja capacitado para realizar o diagnóstico correto e propor estratégias de tratamento.
Use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Da Silva Nizyara Costa da Silva Costa , E Silva Felipe Lima , Carlan Leonardo Magalhães , De Farias Morais Hannah Gil , Silva Weslay Rodrigues , Silva de Arruda Morais Maria de Lourdes
Published: July 2021

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a debilitating complication associated with antiresorptive agents, in which treatment can be quite challenging. This study aimed to report two cases of cancer patients with MRONJ treated in a complementary manner by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Both patients were male, 84 and 82 years old, respectively, and had a diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma and bone metastasis, treated with intravenous injections of bisphosphonates. The dental history for both was toothache, followed by extraction of dental elements that culminated with the appearance of necrotic bone in the mandibular region, which was confirmed with imaging exams and histopathological reports. The treatment protocol for both cases consisted of performing the aPDT once a week, associated with the use of 10 volumes hydrogen peroxide and 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate for continuous use after oral brushing and amoxicillin with clavulanate three times a day for 7 days. The patient in case 1 performed 27 sessions, responded well to treatment, however, due to complications of the underlying neoplasm, he died without complete resolution of the osteonecrosis. In case 2, 32 sessions were carried out, with a good evolution of the symptoms. The patient is being followed up for 14 months, with no need for surgical intervention to date. Based on the reported cases and the literature survey, it can be concluded that aPDT can be an effective alternative in cases of MRONJ. The patients in the study in question showed success and control of the clinical picture.
Oral verrucous carcinoma: a 24-year epidemiological study and case report
Authors: Silva Iago Demétrio da , Tolentino Elen de Souza , Camarini Camila , Berlin Eloise Girondi , Veltrini Vanessa Cristina , Silva Mariliani Chicarelli da , Lobo Fernanda
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Verrucous carcinoma is a non-metastatic variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It was first reported by Ackerman in 1948. It is a verrucous exophytic tumor and, although it is a rare lesion, it mainly affects the oral cavity, with slow growth and can be locally invasive. Objective: To report a case and present an observational and retrospective analysis of medical records containing biopsy data from patients diagnosed with oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) in an oral diagnostic referral service for a period of 24 years. Material and methods: The following data were collected: age, sex, ethnicity, anatomical location and management. Result: Eight cases of OVC were found, all in Caucasian patients (n = 8, 100%), aged between 57 and 102 years. 62% of the injuries affected women. The most affected region was the jugal mucosa (n = 4, 50%). In addition, Smoking patients were not found. In all cases, incisional biopsy was performed and referral to the head and neck surgeon. Conclusion: Caucasian women in the sixth and seventh decades of life were the most affected by OVC. The absence of smoking patients corroborates the literature, which reports that cigarettes appear to be unrelated to this injury. The dentist's role is to recognize the disease early, diagnose it and refer it for medical treatment.
Análise das dificuldades dos alunos de graduação diante de procedimentos clínicos de Periodontia
Authors: Lima Kamila Fabro de , Ferla Douglas , Butze Juliane Pereira
Published: July 2021

Objetivos: O presente estudo avaliou as principais dificuldades relatadas pelos estudantes do último ano do Curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha (FSG) na execução de procedimentos básicos de Periodontia. Materiais e Métodos: Foi aplicado aos participantes um questionário estruturado composto por 14 questões objetivas que abordavam passos relevantes do tratamento periodontal básico. O grau de dificuldade foi avaliado através da escala Likert em 0 = nenhuma; 1 = leve; 2 = moderada; 3 = alta e 4 = muito alta. Para a análise dos dados, o grau de dificuldade foi dicotomizado em nenhuma a leve, moderada, alta e muito alta. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 46 alunos matriculados no último semestre do Curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha (FSG). Marcar a perda de inserção (PI) foi o procedimento descrito como de dificuldade alta/muito alta pelos estudantes, seguidos de procedimentos de dificuldade moderada, tais como marcar a profundidade de sondagem (PS) e raspagem e alisamento radicular. Porém, anestesiar e diagnosticar gengivite foram os únicos procedimentos relatados por todos os acadêmicos (100%) como tendo nenhuma dificuldade. Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados obtidos no presente estudo, pode-se concluir que os procedimentos periodontais relatados como os de maiores dificuldades pelos estudantes do Curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha (FSG) são os procedimentos de diagnóstico de periodontite e perda de inserção periodontal.
Methodical approach for determination of the heterocyclic aromatic amines in meat products using HPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Utyanov D. A. , Kulikovskii A. V. , Knyazeva A. S. , Kurzova A. A. , Ivankin A. N.
Published: July 2021

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA) are formed in foods of animal origin during the Maillard reaction due to the high creatine and creatinine contents. HAA have carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. HAA content is not standardized in the Russian Federation and the Customs Union territory. However, in the EU countries, comprehensive monitoring studies are carried out on the HAA contents and effect on the human body. Due to constant expansion of the list of controlled contaminants in food products, analytical laboratories need to develop methods for determining HAA in food items. As a result of the research, a method for HAA determination was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry in the mode of specified reaction monitoring. Comparative tests of the two methods for sample preparation were carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of sample preparation approaches were substantiated. The existing SPE conditions were optimized, which made it possible to concentrate trace amounts of MeIQx and PhIP and to dispose of substances suppressing analyte ionization. The estimation of method accuracy and specificity was carried out. The degree of ionization suppression by the matrix for MeIQx and PhIP analytes was determined. The degree of HAA extraction was empirically established. For biological samples of animal origin, it was up to 90.9% for MeIQx and up to 89.4% for PhIP. It is shown that, in accordance with the developed methodology, HAA may be determined with an accuracy of 96.15 to 98.4% at the levels of 5 to 20 ng/g. The limit of quantification of the target substances was 3 ng/g.
A multi-faceted experimental study on the dynamic behavior of MgSiO3 glass in the Earth’s deep interior
Authors: Ryu Young Jay , Wang Yanbin , Yu Tony , Bonnet Fiona , Greenberg Eran , Prescher Clemens , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Tkachev Sergey , Eng Peter , Stubbs Joanne E. , Dera Przemyslaw , Watson Heather , Rivers Mark L.
Published: July 2021

Pressure-induced structural modifications in silicate melts play a crucial role in controlling dynamic processes in the deep interiors of the Earth and other planets. The correlation between structural and macroscopic properties of silicate liquids (densification, viscosity, chemical differentiation, etc.), however, remains poorly understood. Here we report the evolution of structural modifications and elastic properties of MgSiO3 glass to pressures up to ~70 GPa using a combination of experimental techniques, including micro-confocal Raman spectroscopy, angle-dispersive X-ray scattering, and Brillouin spectroscopy in the diamond-anvil cell. Our combined data set provides consistent and complementary evidence of a series of pressure-induced structural modifications in MgSiO3 glass at ~2, ~8, ~20, and ~40 GPa. Based on these results, a structural evolution model for MgSiO3 glass is proposed. We also discuss the role of Mg-O component in MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 glasses in controlling pressure-induced structural modifications and mechanical responses in these supercooled liquids.
The Effects of Co-Teaching Zones of Regulation on Elementary Students’ Social, Emotional, and Academic Risk Behaviors
Authors: Conklin Marie , Jairam Dharma
Published: July 2021

Student misbehavior is a significant concern in the current classroom. Teachers nationwide have implemented several approaches to reduce student misbehavior, including School-wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) and co-teaching. However, since misbehaver still disrupts learning, research is still needed to find a classroom intervention that will reduce misbehavior in a classroom to prevent students from under achieving, disruption of peers’ learning and teacher burnout. Zones of Regulation focuses on self-regulation, while addressing sensory processing, executive functioning, and emotional regulation. This experimental study tested the effects of co-taught Zones of Regulation on students’ Social, Academic, and Emotional Behavior Risk Screener (SAEBRS). Fifty-six early elementary students (48% female) were assigned randomly to either the experimental group, which received co-taught direct instruction with Zones of Regulation or the control group, which received standard instruction with a morning meeting. It was predicted that the experimental group would score higher on the SAEBRS than the control group. Although results showed no statistical difference on the SAEBRS scores between the two groups, more students in the experimental group moved from “at risk” to “not at risk”. This study suggests additional research needs to be conducted to determine if co-taught Zones of Regulation instruction is an effective intervention for reducing misbehavior.
Law Enforcement in Times of Violent Demonstrations
Authors: Imam Syed Kaleem
Published: July 2021

This paper is an in-depth study on the country's public disorder and the efficacy of police response. In order to understand the dynamics of police response towards violent public order situations, it is important to elaborate complexities of the prevailing environment. The evaluation of this environment revolves around the existing policing practices towards handling volatile law and order situations, available legal framework, and internal challenges to deal with violent situations firmly. The research is based on the police department's shared thoughts, years of handling turbulent situations, and the requisite provisions for an apt response. Besides relevant reports, articles and assessed data have been consulted. Suggestions as to how police can act in a better manner in times, related strategies and tactical procedures have been elucidated.