bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Trends of Differentiated Instruction Research: Bibliometric Analysis Spanning 1961–2023
Authors: Hidayat Amin Muhamad Asep
Published: August 2024

In educational research, differentiated instruction, or DI, is a popular subject. Staying up to date with its most recent advancements and frontiers open up new research avenues. This article analyzes developments and trends in differentiated learning using bibliometric analysis between 1961 and 2023. This research focuses on publications from 1961 to 2023, frequently cited keywords, authors who most frequently publish about DI, most frequently cited authors, journals that publish the most, countries that publish the most on DI topics. In the bibliometric analysis, a total of 842 articles were obtained, taken from the Scopus database. The findings indicated that : (1) 2021 marks the pinnacle of publication with 82 papers,(2) Differentiated Instruction, student, teacher, learning, e-learning have been the most popular search terms, (3) Davies et al. (2013), Valli and Buese (2007), Zhu Z (2016), Subban (2006), Reis et al (2011) these have been the papers that have been quoted the most, (4) Katrien Struyven, Marcela Pozas, Letzel, V author with the most number of publication, (5) International Journal of Inclusive Education, Teaching And Teacher Education, ASEE Annual Conference And Exposition Conference Proceedings are among the best journals, (6) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universiteit Gent, University of Virginia have been the leading universities, and (7) US, Belgium and Canada have been the leading nations in this sector. This paper is a valuable addition to the subject matter and gives a thorough summary, the scientific environment, and the subject’s future directions.
The Effect of Numbered Head Together (NHT) in a Flipped Classroom Environment on Students’ Self-Efficacy and Achievement on Colloid Topics
Authors: Melati Melati , Hadinugrahaningsih Tritiyatma
Published: August 2024

This study aim to determine the effect of the implementation of  flipped classroom model integrated Numbered Head Together (NHT) on self efficacy and learning achievement on colloid topics. This method used is quasi experiment with non-equivalent control group design. The sampling technique used is convenient sampling where class XI MIPA 1 is the experimental group and class XI MIPA 3 is the control group. The experimental group was carried out by applying the flipped classroom model integrated Numbered Head Together (NHT) while the control group applied traditional learning. Student self-efficacy was measured using a self-efficacy questionnaire while student learning achievement was measured using a learning achievement test. Hypothesis test of learning achievement test and self-efficacy questionnaire using t-test. The results of the independent t-test on the posttest value showed that the average posttest value of the experimental group was higher than the control group. Hypothesis testing of the self-efficacy questionnaire with independent t-test on the post-questionnaire showed the level of self-efficacy in the experimental group after being given treatment, higher than the control group. The conclusion of this study is that the application of the flipped classroom model integrated Numbered Head Together (NHT) can improve self-efficacy and student learning achievement on colloid topics.
How Important Does Chemistry and Literacy? Bibliometric Analysis from 1993–2023
Authors: Asworo Yuliana Dwi
Published: August 2024

Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute that involves a continuum of learning measured at different proficient levels. It become as important aspect in nation development since being functionally literate is fundamental to all forms of successes a student. Chemistry as a part of science education, also making the primary objective of education to be chemical literacy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between chemistry and literacy and see its trends to find the research opportunity for further research by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis over the years. A total of 688 documents were collected using the VOSviewer software from 1973 indicating the beginning of the field until 2023, then analyzed 535 articles from the year 1993. There are 60 articles as the most published in the 2020 and the most cited papers from Timothy and Cynthia Shanahan in 2008 with 844 cited. Keyword such as “Students”, “Chemistry”, “Humans”, and “Scientific Literacy” was the trending topic in this research. Sri Rahayu from Indonesia was the most productive authors and Journal of Chemical Education was the most active source with 81 documents. Universitas Negeri Malang with 22 papers as the most productive institution, followed by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia and Universitas Negeri Jakarta with 10 papers. The most prolific country with the most research is the United States, followed by Indonesia and United Kingdom. This review provides summary of the research as well as potential future prospects for the area.
Green Chemistry in Education: A Bibliometric Study and Research Trends (2002–2022)
Authors: Irfani Fauzia
Published: August 2024

Research on green chemistry in education is always evolving. Existing studies found that incorporating green principles into undergraduate education has significant benefits. In addition to the growing interest in green chemistry among researchers, a lot of literature evaluations on green chemistry have been conducted during the past ten years. This study presents the results of a bibliometric study of 444 articles on green chemistry in education from the Scopus database in the last two decades until 2022. The literature on green chemistry has previously been mentioned in an article published in 2021 about green and sustainable chemistry education (GSCE) in mainland China. This study was conducted to see research trends on green chemistry and its implementation in education for the last two decades (2002-2022) comprehensively. Based on the analysis’ findings using VOSviewer software, the most cited documents were written by Alfonsi, Tobiszewski, and Clark. The Journal of Chemical Education is the most prolific publishing source followed by the ACS Symposium Series and Physical Sciences Reviews. The nations having the most publications are the US, Canada, and the UK. Regarding the writers who contributed the most in this field are Dicks, Eilks, and Machado. The keywords most often used are “green chemistry”, “sustainability” “laboratory instruction” and “hands-on learning/manipulatives”.
Research Trends in Chemical Literacy: A Systematic Literature Review from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Pardiana Pardiana
Published: August 2024

As early as 1989, the term chemical literacy was introduced. Chemical literacy refers to an individual’s understanding of particle matter, reactions, laws, theories, and chemical applications in life. Research on chemical literacy has been conducted by several researchers in several countries. However, it is rare to find research that focuses on the trend of chemical literacy research with the use of systematic analysis of literature review. This study aims to analyze research on chemical literacy and look at its trends to find further research opportunities. The analysis was carried out with systematic literature review with the main material from the scopus database. Scopus is one of the most comprehensive databases of peer-reviewed journals. The literature search was conducted online in September 2022 with 1 keyword, namely chemical literacy. A total of 23 articles related to chemical literacy in the 2013-2022 span were analyzed and mapped. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the trend of chemical literacy research takes place fluctuatingly. Of the 9 countries in the Scopus database that research the topic of chemical literacy, Indonesia is the country with the most contributors to articles that discuss this research topic on chemical literacy.
Microlearning: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends from 2002 to 2023
Authors: Mochamad Raissa
Published: August 2024

Microlearning is a highly efficient method of teaching that provides learners with focused, and brief learning. It offers learners more understandable and effective information by reducing complex topics into smaller, more easily understood parts. Microlearning is a new method of learning design that can improve learning ability. This study of the current status and trends of microlearning research was conducted with comprehensive bibliometric analysis over the period 2002-2023. Using quantitative methods to analyse the trend in microlearning and VOSviewer to identify relationship mapping between variables. Overall, 459 relevant publications from the Scopus database have been identified between 2002 to 2023. The results show that publications on microlearning are increasing. The most frequently occurring keywords in articles about microlearning are “microlearning”, “e-learning” and “micro-learning”. The two most cited papers as references were written by Schewn in 2003 and Edge in 2011. The top three authors who have published in microlearning are from the University of Wollongong; the most prolific institution is the University of Wollongong. Lecture Notes in Computer Science published by Springer; the United States is the most prolific country.
MỤC TIÊU HOẠT ĐỘNG CỦA DOANH NGHIỆP XÃ HỘI VÀ TRÁCH NHIỆM CỦA NGƯỜI QUẢN LÝ
Authors: Lê Nhật Bảo
Published: August 2024

The paper analyzes current legal regulations on the operational objectives of social enterprises and relates them to the responsibilities of managers in social enterprises, thereby identifying drawbacks and proposing recommendations to ensure consistency, rationality, and suitability for the specific nature of social enterprises.
Børns digitale liv - lærer små børn noget fra skærme?
Authors: Trine Sonne  , Toril Sveistrup Jensen
Published: August 2024

Skærmene er svære at undgå i dag – selv for helt små børn. Mens fokus ofte er på potentielle skadelige indvirkninger på børns udvikling, er formålet med denne artikel at belyse et til tider overset perspektiv, nemlig skærmenes læringspotentiale. Med afsæt i imitationsparadigmet beskrives det, i hvilket omfang forskellige aldersgrupper er i stand til at overføre læring fra én kontekst til en anden (her fra 2D til 3D). Børns læring er tydeligt ramt af en media deficit effect, hvilket betyder, at indtil omkring treårsalderen har småbørn vanskeligt ved at overføre information lært i ét format (f.eks. digitalt) til et andet format (f.eks. analogt). Med specifikt fokus på sprogudvikling tydeliggøres vigtigheden af et skærmindhold, der er pædagogisk, for at fremme et læringsudbytte. Afslutningsvist behandles forskningen, der har undersøgt muligheden for at fremme børns læring, herunder specifikke faktorer relateret til hhv. barnet, omgivelserne og indholdet. Dette har relevans for forældre, fagprofessionelle, politiske beslutningstagere samt programudviklere.
Ytringers materielle infrastruktur
Authors: Hasse Cathrine
Published: August 2024

Ytringers materielle infrastruktur
Danske resumeer
Authors: Anbert Lærke Cecilie
Published: August 2024

Danske resumeer
THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND BRANDING IN CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS
Authors: Jovanović Saša , Đoković Goran , Pušara Aleksandra
Published: August 2024

The study applies a systematic literature review with the aim of providing insight into theoretical approaches to digital entrepreneurship and branding, which represent new and actual concepts that significantly affect the business success of contemporary organisations. When defining the research subject, it was considered that the digital economy is largely conditioned by the emergence of entrepreneurial actions that have produced innovations in the domain of digital technology. Therefore, the study of digital entrepreneurship and branding is of interest for academicians, business practitioners, as well as public and political subjects that support this phenomenon, bearing in mind its positive effects on encouraging employment, social and economic development. The research findings have provided a scientific insight into the conceptualization of digital entrepreneurship and branding, indicating their interrelations with innovations, digital technologies, and creative abilities. The theoretical part of the research was additionally supplemented with a survey that provided an analysis of employees’ views on the application of digital entrepreneurship in the Republic of Serbia. The paper has also demonstrated that doing business in a digital environment and digital innovations give the organisations an access to new resources, and above all to quality and up to date information, services, and online communities, which condition their expansion in the markets. However, this study has also emphasised the lack of scientific research related to research instruments, frameworks and models of digital entrepreneurship that could have practical application.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: INSIGHTS INTO THE PERCEPTIONS OF CROATIAN CONSUMERS
Authors: Sedlan König Ljerka , Rado Lovro
Published: August 2024

The European Commission defines corporate social responsibility (CSR) as the responsibility of companies for their impact on society and the environment. Corporate social responsibility is increasingly becoming a key element of the modern business world, with a focus on integrating economic, social and environmental responsibility into corporate strategies. In the context of economic development, the role of CSR in promoting sustainable development is emphasized from the perspective of business ethics and environmental responsibility. Based on a literature review, corporate social responsibility is conceptually defined and elements, areas of activity and types of responsibility are analyzed. This academic article examines the extent to which gender, age, level of education and income level are related to the understanding of the concept of corporate social responsibility among Croatian consumers. This article also examines whether there is a preference for buying from certain retail chains and cosmetics stores, and it places a special emphasis on the activities in the environmental dimension of CSR and their importance among Croatian consumers. Although the results were obtained using a qualitative method (focus groups) and it is a small sample, it is possible to draw certain conclusions. Gender and the amount of monthly income have no significant influence on the understanding of CSR, while the influence of age and level of education is more present. Those younger than 45 and those with a higher level of education have a better understanding of the concept of CSR. The analysis of the records from the focus groups did not reveal that the amount of monthly income, the age of the participants or the level of understanding of CSR significantly influenced the choice of cosmetics and consumer goods stores. Quality, price and recommendation were found to play a much greater role in customers’ purchasing decisions. Participants with lower monthly income mostly chose BIPA, while those with higher income most frequently chose DM and Müller . Interestingly, all participants older than 45 years preferred Müller . Participants emphasized that both cosmetics chains have recycling programs, participate in humanitarian actions and are committed to respecting human rights and the right of employees to fair wages and working conditions. Participants who were familiar with the principles of CSR mostly chose Lidl/Kaufland, and all of those who showed the highest understanding of the concept of CSR chose these two retail chains. It was also found that participants in these focus groups did not generally rate socially responsible initiatives in the environmental dimension as more important than initiatives at an economic and social level. This research is subject to certain limitations. As it is not possible to make generalizations based on qualitative research, the findings need to be further explored, verified and complemented by some quantitative methods.
GLOBAL TRENDS IN ROAD TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT AND THEIR IMPACT ON SUPPLY CHAINS
Authors: Đurić Željko , Višković Radovan
Published: August 2024

As the world grapples with the challenges of a rapidly changing global landscape, the road transport industry is facing unprecedented pressures. With the increasing emphasis on sustainability, green agenda, and carbon neutrality by 2050, the industry is forced to adapt and innovate. This study aims to investigate the current state of the road transport industry, identify global trends, and analyze their impact on supply chains. The research is based on a comprehensive review of existing literature, as well as data from reputable sources such as the International Road Transport Union (IRU), ASTIC, and CEVA Logistics. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining inductive and deductive methods, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization, generalization and specialization, classification, description, compilation, and comparative methods. The research findings suggest that the road transport industry is facing significant challenges, including a shortage of drivers, lack of investment in infrastructure, and environmental concerns. The IRU’s Global Driver Shortage Survey 2023 highlights the severity of the issue, with over 4.7 million drivers needed to meet global demand. Furthermore, the lack of investment in infrastructure is a major concern, with many roads and highways in need of repair or upgrade. Despite these challenges, the study also highlights opportunities for innovation and growth, particularly in areas such as electric and autonomous vehicles, alternative fuels, and logistics optimization. The IRU’s report on “Green Logistics” emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices in the logistics industry, highlighting opportunities for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through efficient route planning and mode selection. The study demonstrates that the road transport industry plays a critical role in global supply chains, connecting producers to consumers across the globe. As such, it is essential to address the challenges facing the industry and work towards a sustainable future. The results of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers seeking to understand the complexities of the road transport sector. In conclusion, this study contributes to the ongoing debate on the future of road transport by providing a comprehensive analysis of global trends and their impact on supply chains. The findings highlight the need for innovative solutions and investment in infrastructure to ensure a sustainable future for the industry. By understanding the challenges and opportunities facing the road transport sector, we can work towards a more sustainable and efficient transportation system that benefits both individuals and society as a whole.
Optimization of Bacillus subtilis PW12 biomass production using RSM: a preliminary study towards single-cell protein production for aquaculture
Authors: Gracious Merin , Nandakumar S
Published: August 2024

Bacillus subtilis strains are extensively integrated into aquafeeds, serving either as probiotics or single-cell proteins, due to their proven nutritional advantages for farmed fish. However, low biomass yields and high production costs limit their usefulness as microbial proteins in aquafeeds. Hence, a pioneering effort was made to statistically optimize the growth medium for enhancing the biomass production of a beneficial aquaculture probiotic bacterium, B. subtilis PW12, which holds potential for contributing to the production of high-value additives for aquaculture diets. Plackett- Burman Design was used for the primary screening of nutrient components and culture conditions. Four of the eleven variables investigated in the PBD, such as soya peptone, glucose, pH, and inoculum size, had a significant influence on the biomass production of the bacteria. These factors were further optimized by using the Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodologies. The predicted biomass yield was 14.19 g/L, whereas the obtained biomass yield as dry cell weight was 14.29 ± 0.23 g/L. A glucose and soya peptone-based medium demonstrated efficacy in promoting both growth and nutritional enrichment of the target bacteria. Furthermore, this optimized medium facilitated the attainment of high cell density, a critical factor for the future production of quality microbial products tailored for aquaculture applications.
Motion law of cavitation bubbles in ultrasonic field and mechanism of their interaction with dendrites
Authors: Zhang Xin-Yi , Wu Wen-Hua , Wang Jian-Yuan , Zhang Ying , Zhai Wei , Wei Bing-Bo ,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Published: August 2024

Ultrasound treatment (UST) has been demonstrated to be an effective approach to refining the microstructures of metallic alloys during solidification. The cavitation-induced fragmentation is considered as the major mechanism for grain refinement in the recent study, but the interaction between dynamic bubble motion and dendrite behaviour has been rarely investigated previously. In this work, the dynamic behaviour of cavitation bubbles and their interactions with succinonitrile (SCN)-2% (mole fraction) water organic transparent alloy are systematically investigated by high-speed digital image technique and numerical simulation. It is found that increasing the driving pressure transforms the bubble oscillation mode from volume oscillation to splitting oscillation, which significantly enhances the transient pressure and flow strength in the liquid. When a dendrite exists below the bubble, the fracture mode of the secondary branch undergoes a transition from high peripheral fatigue fracture to low peripheral fatigue fracture and to overload fracture with the increase of the driving acoustic pressure, and the fracture period is shortened in the form of a power function trend. The closer the bubble is to the dendrite, the longeritudinal radius of the bubble is gradually larger than the transverse radius during compression, and with the bubble shrink time increasing, the minimum bubble volume decreases. In addition, the decrease in distance between bubbles and dendrites leads to a significant reduction in the maximum pressure generated by bubble collapse, while the maximum flow rate shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the root radius of the secondary branch decreases or its length increases, the number of fatigue fracture cycles of the secondary branch decreases significantly. The calculated bubble expansion and contraction and secondary dendrite rupture processes are basically consistent with the experimental results, which indicates that the model constructed in this work can accurately predict the bubble motion and its interaction with dendrite in ultrasonic field.
Membrane curvature sensing and symmetry breaking of the M2 proton channel from Influenza A
Authors: Lincoff James , Helsell Cole VM , Marcoline Frank V , Natale Andrew M , Grabe Michael
Published: August 2024

The M2 proton channel aids in the exit of mature influenza viral particles from the host plasma membrane through its ability to stabilize regions of high negative Gaussian curvature (NGC) that occur at the neck of budding virions. The channels are homo-tetramers that contain a cytoplasm-facing amphipathic helix (AH) that is necessary and sufficient for NGC generation; however, constructs containing the transmembrane spanning helix, which facilitates tetramerization, exhibit enhanced curvature generation. Here, we used all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the conformational dynamics of M2 channels in lipid bilayers revealing that the AH is dynamic, quickly breaking the fourfold symmetry observed in most structures. Next, we carried out MD simulations with the protein restrained in four- and twofold symmetric conformations to determine the impact on the membrane shape. While each pattern was distinct, all configurations induced pronounced curvature in the outer leaflet, while conversely, the inner leaflets showed minimal curvature and significant lipid tilt around the AHs. The MD-generated profiles at the protein–membrane interface were then extracted and used as boundary conditions in a continuum elastic membrane model to calculate the membrane-bending energy of each conformation embedded in different membrane surfaces characteristic of a budding virus. The calculations show that all three M2 conformations are stabilized in inward-budding, concave spherical caps and destabilized in outward-budding, convex spherical caps, the latter reminiscent of a budding virus. One of the C2-broken symmetry conformations is stabilized by 4 kT in NGC surfaces with the minimum energy conformation occurring at a curvature corresponding to 33 nm radii. In total, our work provides atomistic insight into the curvature sensing capabilities of M2 channels and how enrichment in the nascent viral particle depends on protein shape and membrane geometry.
The actomyosin system is essential for the integrity of the endosomal system in bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Link Fabian , Jung Sisco , Malzer Xenia , Zierhut Felix , Konle Antonia , Borges Alyssa , Batters Christopher , Weiland Monika , Pöllmann Mara , Nguyen An Binh , Kullmann Johannes , Veigel Claudia , Engstler Markus , Morriswood Brooke
Published: August 2024

The actin cytoskeleton is a ubiquitous feature of eukaryotic cells, yet its complexity varies across different taxa. In the parasitic protist
Trypanosoma brucei
, a rudimentary actomyosin system consisting of one actin gene and two myosin genes has been retained despite significant investment in the microtubule cytoskeleton. The functions of this highly simplified actomyosin system remain unclear, but appear to centre on the endomembrane system. Here, advanced light and electron microscopy imaging techniques together with biochemical and biophysical assays were used to explore the relationship between the actomyosin and endomembrane systems. The class I myosin (TbMyo1) had a large cytosolic pool and its ability to translocate actin filaments
in vitro
was shown here for the first time. TbMyo1 exhibited strong association with the endosomal system and was additionally found on glycosomes. At the endosomal membranes, TbMyo1 colocalised with markers for early and late endosomes (TbRab5A and TbRab7, respectively), but not with the marker associated with recycling endosomes (TbRab11). Actin and myosin were simultaneously visualised for the first time in trypanosomes using an anti-actin chromobody. Disruption of the actomyosin system using the actin-depolymerising drug latrunculin A resulted in a delocalisation of both the actin chromobody signal and an endosomal marker, and was accompanied by a specific loss of endosomal structure. This suggests that the actomyosin system is required for maintaining endosomal integrity in
T. brucei
.
Unveiling the synthesis and spectral characterizations of novel (E)-furan-2-yl acrylohydrazides: an exploration in molecular design
Authors: Coulibaly Penayori Marie-Aimée , Coulibaly Souleymane , Ablo Evrard , N’Dri Seiny Roger , Amian Brise Benjamin Kassi , Sissouma Drissa , Ané Adjou
Published: August 2024

In this study, we present the synthesis of novel derivatives of 3-furan-2-yl acrylohydrazide using a meticulous three-step reaction sequence. The synthesis ends up in the condensation of (E)-3-(furan-2-yl) acrylohydrazide (3) with diverse benzaldehyde and acetophenone derivatives. Comprehensive characterization of the synthesized compounds was achieved through 1D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses (1H and 13C NMR), 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HSQC, NOESY), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The investigation of 1H NMR data at room temperature in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6 ) unveiled the existence of (E)-3-(furan-2-yl) acrylohydrazide derivatives (4a–h) in a conformational equilibrium, manifesting as a mixture of synperiplanar E (sp E) and antiperiplanar E (ap E), Notably, compounds 4a and 4b predominantly adopted the sp E conformer (Ec=c sp EC=N), while the remaining compounds (4c–h), favored the antiperiplanar conformation (Ec=c ap EC=N) even if for the 4g compound it was challenging to determine the EC=N conformer. These findings contribute valuable insights into the conformational dynamics of this class of compounds, holding significance for applications in diverse scientific domains.
A retrospective evaluation of individual thigh muscle volume disparities based on hip fracture types in followed-up patients: an AI-based segmentation approach using UNETR
Authors: Kim Hyeon Su , Kim Shinjune , Kim Hyunbin , Song Sang-Youn , Cha Yonghan , Kim Jung-Taek , Kim Jin-Woo , Ha Yong-Chan , Yoo Jun-Il
Published: August 2024

Background

Hip fractures are a common and debilitating condition, particularly among older adults. Loss of muscle mass and strength is a common consequence of hip fractures, which further contribute to functional decline and increased disability. Assessing changes in individual thigh muscles volume in follow-up patients can provide valuable insights into the quantitative recovery process and guide rehabilitation interventions. However, accurately measuring anatomical individual thigh muscle volume can be challenging due to various, labor intensive and time-consuming.

Materials and Methods

This study aimed to evaluate differences in thigh muscle volume in followed-up hip fracture patients computed tomography (CT) scans using an AI based automatic muscle segmentation model. The study included a total of 18 patients at Gyeongsang National University, who had undergone surgical treatment for a hip fracture. We utilized the automatic segmentation algorithm which we have already developed using UNETR (U-net Transformer) architecture, performance dice score = 0.84, relative absolute volume difference 0.019 ± 0.017%.

Results

The results revealed intertrochanteric fractures result in more significant muscle volume loss (females: −97.4 cm3, males: –178.2 cm3) compared to femoral neck fractures (females: −83 cm3, males: −147.2 cm3). Additionally, the study uncovered substantial disparities in the susceptibility to volume loss among specific thigh muscles, including the Vastus lateralis, Adductor longus and brevis, and Gluteus maximus, particularly in cases of intertrochanteric fractures.

Conclusions

The use of an automatic muscle segmentation model based on deep learning algorithms enables efficient and accurate analysis of thigh muscle volume differences in followed up hip fracture patients. Our findings emphasize the significant muscle loss tied to sarcopenia, a critical condition among the elderly. Intertrochanteric fractures resulted in greater muscle volume deformities, especially in key muscle groups, across both genders. Notably, while most muscles exhibited volume reduction following hip fractures, the sartorius, vastus and gluteus groups demonstrated more significant disparities in individuals who sustained intertrochanteric fractures. This non-invasive approach provides valuable insights into the extent of muscle atrophy following hip fracture and can inform targeted rehabilitation interventions.
Comparative study of the antibacterial effects of wound secretions of different cultivars of Chinese fir
Authors: Jiang Yu , Zeng Yalin , Zhu Jianing , Sun Linjun , Wu Pengfei , Li Ming , Ma Xiangqing
Published: August 2024

Background

The bark of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), the largest afforestation tree species in the forest areas of southern China, is susceptible to injuries and bites from small animals. The population of small animals has recently increased owing to improvements in the ecological environment across various forested areas, thus increasing the incidence of injuries in the bark of Chinese fir. Following such injuries, the bark secretes light yellow or milky white secretions, the function of which remains unclear. The present study aimed to reveal the antibacterial effect of exudates of different Chinese fir cultivars on five bacterial species.

Methods

The research involved three-year-old plantations of Taxus chinensis var. koraiensis and Yangkou3 and three-year-old container plantations of Taxus chinensis var. pendula, Yang 061, and Yang 020. The antibacterial effects of exudates were analyzed using the filter paper diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration for each secretion and the bacterial inhibition zone were determined.

Results

The exudates of the different Chinese fir bark exhibited notable antibacterial effects on Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella paratyphi B, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. However, the extent of these antibacterial effects varied among the different Chinese fir cultivars, as the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the exudates against the five bacterial species varied. The mean MIC of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was lower potency, whereas that of Escherichia coli was the lowest. Notably, the antibacterial efficacy of the exudates was mainly influenced by the composition of the secretions rather than the number of secretions, with organic acid compounds and terpenoids potentially contributing to the antibacterial effects against E. coli and Bacillus subtilis, respectively.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the antibacterial effect of wound secretion of different Chinese fir cultivars, highlighting their varying efficacy on different bacterial species. Moreover, the antibacterial ability of the exudates of the strains was mainly determined by the composition of the wound secretions, and there was no noticeable relationship with the number of wound secretions. The results of this study offers a theoretical basis for screen Chinese fir cultivars with high-disease-resistant.
Relevando el rol de los y las estudiantes: Retroalimentación de pares durante procesos de escritura de secuencia argumentativa
Authors:   , Escobar Contreras Andrea Belén
Published: August 2024

La escritura en la asignatura de Lengua y Literatura, en muchas ocasiones, no es trabajada como proceso, impidiendo que se realice retroalimentación durante la redacción del texto, presentándose solo comentarios generales del producto final, entregados únicamente por el docente, sin dar oportunidad a los y las estudiantes para que puedan realizar mejoras. Este trabajo tiene por propósito analizar los cambios en las percepciones sobre el concepto de retroalimentación y en las retroalimentaciones elaboradas por estudiantes de Primero Medio, antes y después de implementar una intervención con foco en retroalimentación de pares durante procesos de escritura, en donde se entregaron herramientas a los y las estudiantes para promover que comprendieran el concepto y que elaboraran retroalimentaciones con foco en la mejora. Para esto, se consideró un diseño de investigación-acción desde un paradigma sociocrítico, cuyos datos fueron analizados cualitativamente. Los resultados de la intervención mostraron cambios en las percepciones sobre el concepto de retroalimentación de los y las estudiantes, quienes se movilizaron desde considerarla como corrección de errores hacia valorarla como promotora de mejoras y desde una visión centrada en el docente como agente de retroalimentación hacia una enfocada en los estudiantes como agentes evaluativos de sus pares. Además, se observaron cambios en las retroalimentaciones elaboradas por los y las estudiantes, las cuales diversificaron tanto los focos retroalimentados como los modos en que se entregó retroalimentación, consideraron tanto fortalezas como aspectos por mejorar y avanzaron hacia comentarios claros, concretos, con uso de metalenguaje y explicaciones de cómo mejorar.
A terapia cognitivo-comportamental aplicada ao transtorno de estresse pós-traumático
Authors: Silva Antônio Veimar da , Canuto Renê Elizeu das Flores , Silva Francisco Carneiro da , Marques Daniela Ferreira
Published: August 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar os benefícios da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC) no tratamento do Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT). Os objetivos específicos incluem definir a TCC, caracterizar o TEPT e analisar os benefícios da TCC na gestão desse transtorno. A TCC, desenvolvida nos anos 1950 e 1960, foca no tratamento direto do problema ao analisar pensamentos, crenças e comportamentos que o provocam. Para realizar essa investigação, foi conduzida uma revisão narrativa da literatura, utilizando indexadores científicos para identificar artigos sobre a eficácia da TCC no tratamento do TEPT. Os resultados, baseados em 11 artigos selecionados, indicam que a TCC é uma abordagem eficaz, tanto em sessões individuais quanto em terapias de grupo. A revisão confirma que a TCC trata eficazmente o TEPT ao analisar pensamentos, crenças e comportamentos relacionados ao transtorno. Conclui-se que a TCC oferece benefícios significativos no tratamento do TEPT, promovendo a recuperação e o bem-estar dos pacientes afetados.
A tecnologia na implementação do juíz de garantias: o aperfeiçoamento do sistema de justiça criminal e a concretização de políticas constitucionais
Authors: Kelner Lenice , Azevedo Gabriel Antonio Reinert , Lima Rafael Hamilton Fernandes de
Published: August 2024

Este artigo aborda a inserção dos meios tecnológicos na implementação do chamado Juiz de garantias e a economicidade proporcionada por tais elementos, notadamente a partir da aprovação da lei n. 13.964/2019 e das discussões quanto às limitações orçamentárias nesse deslinde (ADIs 6298, 6299, 6300 e 6305). A partir da análise do conceito de política constitucional, objetivou-se destacar o papel do juiz de garantias na salvaguarda de bens jurídicos imateriais e que se interligam ao aperfeiçoamento do Sistema de Justiça Criminal. Por meio do método indutivo e com as técnicas da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, concluiu se que malgrado se tenham no Estado brasileiro possíveis entraves de ordem fiscal e orçamentária, estes não devem servir de lastro para escusas ao cumprimento da legislação processual, sobretudo, quando a respectiva norma contempla em si vetores inalienáveis e inerentes à dignidade humana.
Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) nursery production in tropical coastal lagoons in Yucatán, Mexico: nonlinear regression modeling and relationships with environmental variables
Authors: Domínguez-Machín Magda E , Hernández-Llamas Alfredo , Hernández-Flores Álvaro , Vela-Magaña Miguel A
Published: August 2024

Nonlinear regression modeling was used to study the nursery production of the oyster Crassostrea virginica in the Celestún (CL) and Rio Lagartos (RL) lagoons in Yucatán, Mexico. Relationships between production parameters and environmental variables were also established. Spat (2.40 ± 0.20 mm) was obtained from a hatchery and reared in Nestier-​type trays using an off-bottom system. Oyster cultivation took place from May 2021 to September 2021 and ended after 122–126 days when oysters reached 30.00 mm. There were no significant differences in final height (CL: 30.80 ± 0.42 mm; RL: 31.80 ± 0.65 mm; P = 0.18) and growth rate (CL: 0.23 ± 0.02 mm·d–1; RL: 0.23 ± 0.01 mm·d–1; P = 0.98). Final survival was 71.45% in CL and 99.40% in RL. Nonlinear regression curves were statistically satisfactory for analyzing growth and survival. Except for dissolved oxygen, mean salinity (CL: 15.23 ppt; RL: 35.02 ppt), temperature (CL: 29.64 °C; RL: 31.02 °C), dissolved oxygen (CL: 4.50 mg·L–1; RL: 5.04 mg·L–1), pH (CL: 8.10; RL: 8.34), chlorophyll a (Chl a) (CL: 3.23 mg·m–3; RL: 6.85 mg·m–3), and total dissolved solids (CL: 16,101 mg·L–1; RL: 34,838 mg·L–1) were significantly higher in RL (P < 0.05). Except for Chl a, the environmental variables were more stable in RL than in CL (P < 0.05). In RL, the growth rate was positively related to salinity and pH. In CL, the growth rate slowed when salinity decreased, and the mortality rate diminished when salinity, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids increased and pH decreased. Salinity was mainly responsible for the observed differences in production between lagoons. Even when temperature and salinity were high in RL, acceptable growth rate and survival were observed, possibly due to stable rearing conditions.
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Properties of Cancerol S, A Blend of Medicinal Plants, on Cancerous Cells in Culture
Authors: Adico Marc Donald Wilfried , Bayala Bagora , Djigma Florencia Wendkuuni , Bazié Bapio Valerie Elvira Jean Telesphore , Darga Paul , Lobaccaro Jean-Marc , Simporé Jacques
Published: August 2024

Aims: To evaluate in vitro the properties of a blend of medicinal plants called Cancerol S through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic potential on cancerous cells in culture.
Methodology: High-performance thin-film chromatography (HPTLC) and the assay test were used for phytochemical screening of Cancerol S. The antioxidant power of Cancerol s was evaluated by free radical inhibition tests (DPPH and ABTS) and the Iron III Reduction Power (FRAP). The inhibition tests of 15-LOX (15-lipoxygenase) and COX1/COX2 (cyclooxygenases) were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory capacity of Cancerol S. 
Results: The total polyphenols and flavonoids content of the extract were respectively 115.6 ± 0.1 mg EAG/g and 43.4 ± 0.1 mg EQ/g dry extract. The extract showed excellent antioxidant activity, with inhibition of DPPH (EC50 = 8.3 ± 0.7 μg/mL) and ABTS (EC50 = 36.0 ± 1.1 μg/mL), and also reduced ferric ion Fe3+ (2.67 ± 0.1 mmol EAA/g extract). In addition, the extract moderately inhibited 15-LOX, COX-1 and COX-2. The HeLa cell line of cervical cancer was more sensitive to Cancerol S (EC50 = 84.6 ± 5.2 μg/mL) than the prostate cancer cell line DU 145 (EC50 = 140.7 ± 7.8 μg/mL).
Conclusion: These properties give a rational basis for the use of Cancerol S in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso.
Formation and Safety of Furan Compounds in Ultrasound Processesd Chicken
Authors: Perpetua Brisibe Doubra , Ozioma Achugasim , Charles Osu
Published: August 2024

Furan compounds formed during thermal processing of foods are a significant concern due to their potential carcinogenic effects. This review examines the role of Ultrasonication, an emerging non-thermal food processing technique in influencing the levels of furan compounds in processed chicken. Ultrasonication employs high-frequency sound waves to induce cavitation, which can alter chemical reactions and physical properties of food products. Furan compounds are byproducts of thermal processing in foods, formed through a number of precursors and reaction pathways, predominant of which is the Maillard reaction and poses significant health risks. Studies have shown that Ultrasonication enhances Maillard reaction resulting in the formation of Maillard Reaction Products (MRPs) such as Furan. Using high frequency sound waves to create cavitation bubbles which disrupt chemical bonds and promote free radical formation, ultrasonication can promote and inhibit furan formation by interacting with unsaturated fatty acids and other precursors in chicken. Factors such as sonication intensity, duration, processing conditions such as temperature, pH and chicken composition influence the formation of furan and furan levels in ultrasound processed chicken. By consolidating recent findings, this review aims to provide an understanding of Ultrasonication as a non-conventional, safer and healthier food processing alternative to traditional thermal processing methods.
Review on Hormonal Regulation of Drought Stress Response in Plants
Authors: Margay Adil Rahim , Mehmood Azhar , Bashir Latief
Published: August 2024

Drought stress is a major environmental challenge that significantly impairs plant growth, productivity, and survival. Plants have evolved complex physiological and biochemical mechanisms to perceive and respond to drought conditions, with plant hormones playing pivotal roles in mediating these responses. This abstract provides an overview of the key hormones involved in drought stress regulation—abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, cytokinins (CKs), and gibberellins (Gas)—and their interactions in orchestrating drought tolerance mechanisms. Abscisic acid (ABA) is the central hormone in drought stress signalling. It accumulates rapidly under water deficit conditions, triggering stomatal closure to reduce water loss and activating the expression of drought-responsive genes. ABA's role is mediated through a complex signalling cascade involving receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR), protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), and kinases (SnRK2s), ultimately leading to transcriptional changes that enhance stress tolerance. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives contribute to drought tolerance by modulating antioxidant defence mechanisms and osmotic adjustments. JA signalling interacts with ABA pathways to fine-tune stress responses, often enhancing ABA's effects on stomatal closure and gene expression. Ethylene, a gaseous hormone, exhibits dual roles in drought stress. While high levels of ethylene can promote leaf senescence and abscission, contributing to water conservation, it also interacts with ABA signalling to regulate stomatal closure and root growth, optimizing water uptake and minimizing loss. Cytokinins (CKs) generally promote cell division and growth, but under drought conditions, their levels decrease, which can lead to reduced shoot growth and enhanced root growth. This shift in resource allocation favours water uptake overgrowth, aiding plant survival during drought. CKs also interact with ABA, often antagonistically, to balance growth and stress responses. Gibberellins (Gas), known for promoting growth, are typically downregulated during drought stress to conserve energy and resources. The suppression of GA biosynthesis and signalling is crucial for maintaining growth arrest, a common drought avoidance strategy. In summary, the hormonal regulation of drought stress response in plants is a highly intricate and dynamic process involving multiple hormones and their interactions. Understanding these regulatory networks is essential for developing strategies to enhance drought tolerance in crops, thereby ensuring agricultural productivity in the face of increasing water scarcity.
Assessment of Microbial Colonization of Hands of Nursery School Pupils in Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Udujih Helen Ifeoma , Chuwuemeka Peace Ngozi , Ndubueze Chizaram Winners , Udujih Mitchelle Ifechi
Published: August 2024

This study assessed the microbial colonisation of the hands of nursery school pupils in Orlu, Nigeria. Ethical approval was obtained from the management of the schools, and thirty participants were recruited for the study. Samples were collected by swabbing the palms of the study participants before and after meals. This was followed by transporting the samples to the laboratory to isolate and identify bacterial and fungal species. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates was also determined. The study's results were analysed to obtain the mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution. In this study, the isolated bacterial organisms include Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus sp. Furthermore, fungal organisms, including Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Fusarium, were also isolated. These findings suggest that bacterial and fungal pathogens colonise the hands of some nursery school pupils in the study locations. Therefore, parents, caregivers, and teachers of nursery school pupils must ensure that these should learn and adhere to the practice of good hand hygiene.