bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Analytical Method for the Estimation of Solriamfetol in Plasma Samples by Lc-Ms/Ms
Authors: Perina.Ratnakumari  , N.Kannappan  , P.Premkumar
Published: October 2021

Solriamfetol is a selective dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with wake‐promoting effects. The aim of the present  study is to develop a rapid, sensitive and reliable method for the estimation of Solriamfetol in plasma samples using LC-MS.    In the  present  investigation,  a  rapid,  specific,  selective  and  novel  method  has  been  optimized  for  evaluation  of solriamfetol in in plasma using modafinil as an internal standard and identification of degradants by LC-MS/MS. The solriamfetol and internal standard were extracted  from plasma in a single step using acetonitrile. The principle analytes were eluted with the conditions  of  mobile  phase having the  5mM ammonium  format  in methanol:  50% Methanol  in acetonitrile  (90:10%, v/v). The Chromatographic column used is Xterra  MS C18, 3.5µ.m, 1mmX150mm analytical column with the 0.5 ml/min flow rate. The detector is CEM array detector.  The retention times of solriamfetol and modafinil were 1.50min-1.51min with a total run time of 3 min. The curve indicates correlation coefficient (r2) for modafinil was superior by having the value 1.000 with linear range of 5ng/ml  to  500ng/ml.  The  correlation  coefficient  (r2) for  solriamfetol  was found to  be  0.999. The  LOQ  and  LOD  for  the solriamfetol was 33.70pg/ml  and 11.12pg/ml respectively  The developed  method  was validated by evaluating system suitability, selectivity,  sensitivity,  linearity,  precision,  accuracy, ruggedness and stability  in  conformity  with  the  guidelines  of  the  United States Food and Drug Administration  (US-FDA). The results of validation parameters  were found to be within the acceptance limits. Hence,  the  developed and validated method  can be utilized for  the  routine determination of solriamfetol in  plasma samples.
In Silico Prediction, Computational Physico Chemical Analysis in Gymnemic Acids
Authors: Dhanapal Indumathi  , Ramasamy Sujatha  , Palanisamy Shanmuga Sundaram
Published: October 2021

Gymnema sylvestre (Asclepiadaceae) also known as ‘gurmar’ or  ‘sugar destroyer’ is  a woody, climbing  traditional medicinal herb which has many therapeutic applications  in the Ayurvedic system of  medicine. We  present  an overview  of the most important databases with 2 gymnemic acid structural information about drugs and drug candidates, and of databases with relevant properties. Access to  experimental data and numerical methods  for selecting and utilizing these  data is  crucial for developing accurate  predictive in silico models. Many interesting predictive methods  for classifying  the  suitability of chemical compounds as potential drugs, as well as for predicting their physico-chemical and ADMET properties have been proposed  in recent  years. The gymnemic  acids   act as therapeutic  agents and play vital  roles  in many therapeutic  applications.  Gymnemic acids are thought to be responsible for its anti-diabetic activity and  are the major component of an extract  shown to stimulate insulin release. It is also screened for bioavailability study, physicochemical study, drug likeness study, medicinal chemical analysis and target prediction. These methods are discussed, and some possible future directions in this rapidly developing field are also described. The commercial exploitation of this plant and  its secondary metabolites are some of the major perspectives of this rare  medicinal  herb.  The  focus  of  the  present   study  is  to  achieve  the  potential  of  therapeutic  value  of  this  herb  its mechanism,and the action of their secondary metabolites.
Reduction of Effects of Dietary Aflatoxin B1 on Biochemical Parameters of the Fish Clarias Batrachus by Vitamin C
Authors: Fatmi Amjad , Ruby Durreshahwar
Published: October 2021

Aflatoxins are produced mainly by molds Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They cause toxicity called aflatoxicosis in animals and human beings which is of great concern in aquaculture also. Aflatoxin B1 is the most potent of all the known aflatoxins which mediates its effects by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by irreversible damage to DNA and proteins leading to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant and reduces reactivity of ROS by donating electrons to them. Previous investigations suggest its role in alleviating aflatoxicosis in Nile tilapia. Present studies were conducted to determine the reduction in the negative effects of aflatoxin B1 on blood biochemical parameters and liver glycogen of fish Clarias batrachus by dietary supplementation of vitamin C. In the present investigation 60 fish were divided into four groups. Each group comprised fifteen fish. Four types of feed were prepared on the basis of presence of aflatoxin B1 and vitamin C. Feed I consists of a basal diet given to the first group of fish or control. Feed II consisted of aflatoxin B1 contaminated feed given to second group of fish. In feed III and IV 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg vitamin C was added to aflatoxin B1 contaminated feed The objective of the present investigation was to explore the role of Vitamin C in reduction of adverse effects of aflatoxin on plasma biochemical parameters and liver glycogen of the fish Clarias batrachus. The group of fish that was given the feed II showed a significant increase in serum level of ALT, AST, bilirubin, blood urea, glucose and albumin globulin ratio but significant decrease was observed in total serum proteins and liver glycogen as a result of dietary aflatoxin .Supplementation of Vitamin C in the feed significantly decreased the adverse effects of aflatoxin and the parameters showed significant improvement. The group of fish fed with 600 mg/kg vitamin C showed best results and were nearly similar to those of the control. The present investigation revealed that feed containing 600 mg/kg vitamin C diminishes the effect of aflatoxin B1 in the fish reducing the health risk in humans consuming the fish as aflatoxins has the potential to accumulate and stay in the tissues of animals for long period of time.
The Effect of Occupational Health and Safety Practices on Organization Trust in Hotel Businesses
Authors: Dr. Ebru  Kemer  , Bilal Çilkaya  , Aynur Topal
Published: October 2021

This research, is aimed to determine the effect of occupational health and safety practices in hotel businesses in Nevşehir province on the perceptions of employees' trust in the organization. For this purpose, data were collected from employees working in hotel businesses in Nevşehir province from February to May 2021 by survey technique. In the study, correlation analysis was applied to determine  the relationship between occupational health and safety practices of hotel businesses and their perceptions  of trust  in the organization, and regression analysis was applied to determine the effect of occupational health and safety practices on trust in the organization. As a result of the research, it has been determined that the perception of trust  in the organization of the employees of hotel enterprises is affected by occupational health and safety practices. Occupational health and safety, gaining more importance with each passing day, plays a decisive role for both developed countries  and developing countries. Changes in working life also have an impact on occupational health and safety, and changing working conditions bring new risks and dangers. For this reason, with new regulations, states,  employers, and employees need  to  keep  occupational health and safety up to  date.  Practices at  the  point of working conditions, employment contracts,  working methods  (trial-term, part-time, seasonal, on-call work, overwork,  unregistered employment, etc.) of the enterprises  in the tourism sector  are important for the sector  employees and must be taken under legal supervision and protection.
Analysis of Codon Usage Pattern and Predicted Gene Expression in Neurospora Crassa: A Novel in Silico Approach
Authors: Satyabrata Sahoo
Published: October 2021

The codon usage pattern  of genes has a key role in the gene expression and adaptive evolution of an organism. It is very significant in understanding the role of complex genomic structure  in defining cell fates and regulating diverse biological functions. In this paper,  we  discussed that  the  codon  usage index (CAIg) based on  all  protein-coding genes is  a promising alternative to the Codon Adaptation Index (CAI). CAIg  which measures the extent that a gene uses a subset of preferred  codons relies exclusively on sequence  features  and is used as a good indicator of the  strength  of codon  bias. A   critical analysis of predicted highly expressed (PHE) genes in Neurospora crassa has been performed using codon usage index (CAIg) as a numerical estimator of gene expression level.   Analyzing compositional properties and codon usage pattern  of genes in Neurospora crassa, our study indicates that codon composition plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. We found a systematic strong correlation between  CAIg   and CBI (codon bias index) or other  expression-measures. Here, we show that codon usage index CAIg  correlates well with both protein and mRNA levels; suggesting that codon usage is an important determinant of gene expression.  Our  study highlights  the  relationship  between  gene expression  and compositional  signature  in relation  to  codon usage bias in Neurospora crassa and sets the ground for future investigation in eukaryotic biology.
Treatment of Unruptured Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fatema Turkistani  , Aseel Bin Sawad
Published: October 2021

Unruptured   middle  cerebral  artery  (MCA) aneurysms  can  be  treated   using  two  techniques  or  procedures, microsurgical clipping  and endovascular coiling. The aim of this meta-analysis study is  to  compare  the  safety and efficacy of microsurgical clipping with the endovascular coiling in the treatment  of unruptured  MCA aneurysms. We  searched  electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane  library) to identify studies published  between  1991 and 2019. For clipping and coiling techniques, separate meta-analyses were conducted on efficacy and safety after the intervention and at follow-up by using random- and fixed-effects  models.  Forty-one articles  were  included  in our  meta-analyses:  23 case series  using clipping and 25 case series  using coiling procedures.  The complete  aneurysm occlusion  rate was higher in the clipping procedure  (96.1%, 95% CI: 92.8%-97.9%) as compared to the coiling procedure  (57.6%, 95% CI: 49.4 – 65.4%). Clipping procedure  has a slightly higher rate  of  favorable  functional  outcomes  (96.4%,  95% CI: 94.8 – 97.5%) compared  to  coiling procedure  (94.8%,  95% CI:  93.1 –96%). Interestingly, the rate of occlusion appears to decrease with time in the clipping group and increase with time in the coiling group, while  the rate  of  favorable  functional outcomes  appears to increase  with  time  in the clipping group and decrease  with time in the coiling group. Publication bias was unlikely in all our analysis for studies assessing: coiling and occlusion rate, clipping and occlusion rate, coiling and functional outcomes, and clipping and functional outcomes. Microsurgical clipping yields a higher aneurysm occlusion  rate,  with  slightly  higher favorable  functional  outcomes  in the  treatment  of  unruptured  MCA aneurysms than the endovascular coiling.
In-silico evaluation of ‘Mirror Repeats’ In HIV Genome
Authors: Sandeep Yadav  , Usha Yadav  , Dinesh C. Sharma
Published: October 2021

The  repetitive  sequences  played  an  important  role  in  the  characterization  of  both  prokaryotic  &  eukaryotic organisms. Various different  patterns  of repetitive sequences  have also been  identified in  organisms. Among all  the  repeat sequences. Mirror Repeats (MR`s) play an important role in various types of neurological disorders. These MR`s have also been reported  for structure  determination of genomes, triplex DNA formation & various other genome functions. We have followed a  distinguished  method  referred  to  as FPCB (FASTA PARALLEL COMPLEMENT  BLAST) for the  identification  of  MR`s. The above said method used to identify MR’s in both types of HIV viruses (HIV-1  & HIV-2).  Present investigation reported that MR’s are  frequently distributed in  all the  regions of the  genomes of both  types. As a result, 232 &  248 total numbers  of MR`s identified in both the HIV-1 & HIV-2  genome respectively. In addition, it was also revealed that the majority of the identified sequences are imperfect. The maximum length of MR`s in HIV-1 is of 47 nucleotides (NTD`s), however in case of HIV-2, it is of 49 nucleotides (NTD`s). Present investigation will be helpful for further development of a link between mirror repeats and host genome, which will be a new trend to block the viral integration as well as pathogenicity.
A articulação do passado e a chave ética do testemunho em Caderno de memórias coloniais, de Isabela Figueiredo
Authors: Cavelagna Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

Caderno de memórias coloniais, de Isabela Figueiredo (2018), constitui-se como uma escrita de memórias, no qual uma narradora-personagem rememora sua infância, abrangendo o período da Guerra de Independência de Moçambique (1964-1974) e, posteriormente, o processo de mudança social e política que se dá em Portugal após o 25 de abril de 1974. O livro representa a opressão do regime colonial e a denúncia de suas violências, valendo-se de diversos recursos estéticos, com uma composição fragmentária que traduz a complexidade do testemunho inscrito. Neste artigo, nos deteremos nas reflexões sobre a memória, na retomada de temas de Levi (2016), e na elaboração do testemunho, a partir da postura ética-política que assume a narradora-personagem. Para essa discussão empenhamos crítica específica, em Silvio Renato Jorge (2015) e Daniel Laks (2019), e bibliografia geral, em Walter Benjamin (2012), Márcio Seligmann-Silva (2008) e Jeanne Marie Gagnebin (2009).
Autonomia escolar: pesrspectiva para para uma gestão democrática
Authors: Malta Tayse Farias Gomes Eloi , Ribeiro Rafael Martins , Santos Cristina Silva dos
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho discute a gestão escolar democrática com base no princípio da autonomia, com objetivo de compreender em que medida essa autonomia está sendo efetivada. Para isso, buscou-se identificar os aspectos dessa autonomia na construção do projeto político pedagógico, na forma de provimento para o cargo de diretor e na participação do conselho escolar na gestão dessas escolas. A partir de autores como Dourado (2019); Libâneo (2004); Lück (2006) e Paro (2003), a pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa por meio do estudo de caso em duas escolas públicas, sendo uma municipal e outra estadual em Itororó-BA. Utilizou-se a entrevista com perguntas estruturadas, como instrumento para coleta de dados. Os resultados demonstram que o grau de autonomia encontrado ainda não é condizente com a gestão democrática, apesar de estar recomendada nos dispositivos legais e na literatura, na prática, não garantem que ela ocorra, uma vez que um dos modelos de gestão encontrados estavam ligados à indicação política, e em outra, possuindo alguns aspectos democráticos como a eleição direta para diretor, nem todos participantes conheciam o PPP, mesmo fazendo parte do conselho da escola. Contudo, a autonomia da escola faz parte de um longo caminho para que se construa uma gestão democrática, sendo possível para isso, propiciar formas e mecanismos institucionais que viabilizem e estimulem a participação na tomada de decisões dos servidores da escola e de seus usuários.
Comparative metagenomics analysis reveals how the diet shapes the gut microbiota in several small mammals
Authors: Li Fengjun , Yang Shengzhi , Zhang Linwan , Qiao Lu , Wang Lei , He Song , Li Jian , Yang Nan , Yue Bisong , Zhou Chuang
Published: October 2021

The gut microbiomes of the host are large and complex communities, which
helps to maintain homeostasis, improves digestive efficiency, and
promotes the development of the immune system. The small mammals
distributed in Sichuan Province are the most popular species for
biodiversity research in Southwest China. However, the effects of
different diets on the structure and function of the gut microbial
community of these small mammals are poorly understood. In this study,
whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing has been used to analyze the
composition and functional structures of the gut microbiota of seven
small mammals in Laojunshan National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province,
China. Taxonomic classification revealed that the most abundant phyla in
the gut of seven small mammals were Bacteroides, Proteobacteria and
Firmicutes. Moreover, Hafnia, Raoultella and Aeromonas were most
abundant genus in the gut microbiomes of these seven species. At the
functional level, we annotated a series of KEGG functional pathways, six
Cazy categories and 46,163 AROs in the gut microbiomes of the seven
species. Comparative analysis found that the difference in the gut
microbiomes between the Soricidea and Muridae concentrated on the
increase in the F/B (Firmicutes/Bacteroides) ratio in the Soricidea
group, probably driven by the high fat and calorie digestive
requirements due to their insectivorous diet. The comparative functional
profiling revealed that functions related to metabolism and
carbohydrates were significantly more abundant in Muridae group, which
may be attributed to their high carbohydrate digestion requirements
caused by their herbivorous diet. These data suggested that different
diets in the host may play an important role in shaping the gut
microbiota, and lay the foundation for teasing apart the influences of
heritable and environmental factors on the evolution of gut microbial
communities.
Interpolation of rainfall observations during extreme rainfall events in complex mountainous terrain
Authors: Page Trevor , Beven Keith , Hankin Barry , Chappell Nick
Published: October 2021

The representation of rainfall is important for hydrological modelling,
particularly for spatially distributed models. Accurate estimation of
rainfall is particularly challenging in mountainous regions where
observations are often sparse relative to the spatial variability of
rainfall, making interpolation challenging. In these regions, orographic
processes lead to complex patterns of rainfall enhancement and rain
shadow depletion. This study tests one deterministic method, Natural
Neighbour Interpolation (NNI), and two geostatistical methods, ordinary
kriging (OK) and ordinary cokriging (CK), to determine if CK improves
rainfall interpolation during three extreme rainfall events that
occurred in the north west of England. Preliminary analysis using
long-term annual average rainfall totals, including additional high
elevation rainfall observations, showed that CK with an effective
elevation index as a secondary variable performed better than NNI and OK
with an overall improvement of around 40%. Using rainfall totals for
long-term wind direction and wind speed rainfall classes, CK performance
was variable across classes but provided an improvement of approximately
15% for wind direction classes without an easterly wind component. For
15-minute timesteps during extreme rainfall events, there were
comparatively small differences between interpolation methods,
attributed to having only relatively low elevation rainfall observations
for cross-validation, providing weak constraint. Importantly,
cross-variogram estimation (that controls the strength of the
correlation between rainfall magnitude and the secondary variable)
provided differing cross-validation results when estimated for different
rainfall total periods: 15-minutes, hourly, daily and long-term.
Variograms and cross variograms estimated at a 15-minute timestep
frequency were robust for many timesteps, but were difficult to fit
automatically for others. Variograms estimated from longer periods were
more reliably estimated, but tended to have lower variance and
cross-variance and longer correlation ranges producing a smoother
interpolated rainfall field. Given the weak cross-validation constraint,
care must be taken in identifying the most appropriate method and
variogram estimation period.
Can Pakistan Raise More External Debt? A Fiscal Reaction Approach
Authors: Mansoor Sadia , Aqeel baig Mirza , Lal Irfan
Published: October 2021

This study has assessed the role of existing policies in determining the state of debt sustainability for the Pakistan economy (1980- June 2019) through fiscal reaction function. This study adds to the literature in two aspects. First, a policy index has been constructed to formulate a debt-policy interactive term that implies whether or not existing macroeconomic policies contribute in making external debt sustainable in Pakistan. Second, this study has gauged the potential sustainable external debt through in-sample forecast method. The estimated results obtained by the ARDL method show that Pakistan has just entered into a phase of unsustainable debt burden in the long run as fiscal reaction analysis exhibits the weak significant negative relationship between primary balance and external debt to GDP ratio. Moreover, existing macroeconomic policies also show a negative association with the primary balance that implies the ineffectiveness of policies in making external debt sustainable for Pakistan. This study suggests that an increase in foreign inflows through remittances or export earnings may improve the debt sustainability state in Pakistan.
Essentiality of non-essential purchases for digitally influenced, bottom of pyramid customers
Authors: Reza Fariha , Amir Huma
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to broaden the understanding why bottom of pyramid customers in Pakistan purchase non-essential items despite their financial constraints. Qualitative data was collected through in-depth interviews from a purposive sample of 14 respondents. NVivo 12 was used to analyze data. In the light of self-determination theory, this hermeneutic inquiry suggests that bottom of pyramid customers who are negatively stereotyped on account of their consumption inadequacy, have a specific need to improve self-worth. They struggle to engage in socially relevant consumption practices, to avoid social exclusion. Internet increases their awareness about products that they consider necessary for a minimal level of decent living. This digital influence transforms their consumer behavior. Since consumer culture does not adequately define what makes up a minimally decent living, bottom of pyramid customers will keep on aspiring products that they perceive as socially relevant for a better lifestyle. These reasons make ‘non-essential’ purchases extremely essential and relevant for bottom of pyramid customers. This practice is observed in more affluent people too, however, the sacrifices that bottom of pyramid customers make in order to fulfill their need for a more respectable social standing, are relatively more critical than the trade-off that more affluent people make among their choices. This research will enable marketers to understand value requirements of bottom of pyramid customers more deeply and create more precise value propositions.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NHT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR TEKNIK PASSING BOLA BASKET
Authors: Rosita Ni Wayan Megi , Panca Adi I Putu , Satyawan I Made
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT terhadap hasil belajar teknik passing bola basket pada peserta didik kelas X SMKS Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian eksperimen sungguhan (true experimental) dengan rancangan penelitian the randomized pretest-posttest control group the same subjec design. Populasi yaitu seluruh peserta didik kelas X SMKS Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 berjumlah 236 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling berdasarkan kelas. Kelas yang menjadi sampel penelitian adalah kelas X K.1 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan X K.4 sebagai kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua kali perlakuan diluar pretest dan posttest. Data hasil belajar dikumpulkan melalui tes tulis objektif dan unjuk kerja peserta didik. Berdasarkan analisis data di dapatkan rata-rata hasil belajar kelompok eksperimen adalah 80,83, lebih tinggi dari ratarata kelompok kontrol adalah 76,69. Hasil uji-t menunjukkan 0,003<0,05. Berdasarkan analisa data dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar teknik passing bola basket. Disarankan kepada guru PJOK dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT karena sudah terbukti berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe NHT Terhadap Hasil Belajar Bola Voli
Authors: Yoga Andika I Kadek ka Hendra , Kanca I Nyoman , Dewi Lestari Ni Made Sri
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT terhadap hasil belajar teknik dasar passing bola voli (passing atas dan passing bawah). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen sungguhan dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian the randomized pretest-posttest control group the same subjec design. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan sampel berjumlah 50 orang siswa yang terdistribusi ke dalam dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII A1 dan kelas VIII A8. Teknik sampling menggunakan simple random sampling. Data hasil belajar terdiri atas 1) aspek kognitif, menggunakan tes essay, 2) aspek afektif, menggunakan observasi sikap siswa selama pembelajaran, dan 3) aspek psikomotor, menggunakan observasi kinerja passing bola voli. Tahapan analisa data terdiri atas: 1) uji prasyarat, menggunakan uji normalitas data menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan uji homegenitas Levene’s Test, serta 2) Uji hipotesis, menggunakan uji-t pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Berdasarkan uji prasyarat, diperoleh hasil bahwa data penelitian berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Analisis dengan uji t diperoleh nilai signifikan = 0,000 maka p<0,05. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing bola voli pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Dengan demikian disarankan kepada guru PJOK dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT karena terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing bola voli pada siswa.
Efektivitas Proses Pembelajaran Luring Peserta Didik yang Tinggal di Asrama dan Daring Bagi Peserta Didik di Luar Asrama Terhadap Hasil Belajar PJOK
Authors: Ketaren Ade Mikael Ardhana , Kanca I Nyoman , Parta lesmana Kadek yogi
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran PJOK yang dilaksanakan di SMA Swasta Santa Maria Kabanjahe dimana pelaksanaan proses belajar mengajar dilaksanakan secara tatap muka bagi peserta didik di asrama dan pembelajaran secara jarak jauh bagi peserta didik yang belajar dari rumah dalam situasi pandemi covid-19 dan melihat hasil pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara offline atau online. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, yang menggambarkan bagaimana keterlaksanaan pembelajaran PJOK baik secara tatap muka dan juga secara jarak jauh yang dijabarkan dari hasil belajar peserta didik dalam satu semester yaitu semester ganjil tahun 2020/2021.Subjek dalam penelitian ini diambil dari kelas X IPA 1 dan X IPA 2, dengan rincian peserta didik kelas X IPA 1 berjumlah 40 orang dan peserta didik kelas X IPA 2 berjumlah 40 orang sehingga jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 80 orang.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari teknik analisis data yang dilakukan pada hasil belajar peserta didik maka diperoleh nilai peserta didik kelas X IPA 1 dengan predikat A (sangat baik) =17 orang, B (baik) =18 orang, C (cukup) =3 orang, D (kurang) =0, sedangkan klasifikasi kelas X IPA 2 yakni predikat A (sangat baik) = 13 orang, B (baik) =25 orang, C (cukup) =5 orang D (kurang) =1 orang. Dari pemaparan hasil belajar peserta didik maka diketahui efektivitas pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara luring lebih efektif dibandingkan pembelajaran yang di lakukan secara daring
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) BERLANDASAN TAT TWAM ASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR TEKNIK DASAR PASSING BOLA VOLI
Authors: Susila Gede Hendri Ari , Setiawan Gede Hendri , Artha I Ketut Agus
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing (atas dan bawah) bola voli melalui implementasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berlandasan Tat Twam Asi pada siswa kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 4 Busungbiu.Jenis penelitian ini tergolong penelitian tindakan kelas dengan bentuk guru sebagai peneliti, yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dan setiap siklusnya 2 kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 4 Busungbiu tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 yang terdiri dari 31 orang siswa, yaitu 17 putra dan 14 putri. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa adalah 7,81 dengan kategori aktif dan hasil belajar siswa dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 79,41% dengan katagori baik. Sedangkan Pada siklus II, rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa adalah 8,47 kategori aktif dan hasil belajar siswa dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 100% katagori sangat baik.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan, disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing (bawah dan atas) bola voli mengalami peningkatan melalui implementasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berlandaskan Tat Twam Asi. Oleh karena itu guru penjasorkes disarankan untuk dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD, karena dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing bola voli.
MINAT SISWA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI
Authors: Nazirun Novia , Gazali Novri , Fikri M
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui minat siswa terhadap pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani diSMPYLPI Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini siswa putriSMPYLPI Pekanbaru yang berjumlah 65 siswa.Teknik sampel adalah sampel jenuh dengan jumlah sampel 65 siswa. Indikator minat belajar dalam angket terbagai menjadi 4 indikator yaitu : 1) Perasaan senang, 2) ketertarikan siswa, 3) Perhatian, 4) keterlibatan siswa. Jumlah pernyataanawal dirancang 40 butir pernyataan dan setelah uji validitas menjadi 32 butir pernyataan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah minat siswa terhadap pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani diSMPYLPI Pekanbaru dengan rata-rata 76% dengan kategori kuat.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PASSING BOLA VOLI
Authors: Suliaji Ketut
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar passing bola voli pada siswa kelas XII MIPA3 SMAN 3 Amlapura  tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dengan menerapkan  model pembelajaran TPS (Think Pair Share). Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan 2 siklus dimana masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 3 pertemuan. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XII MIPA 3 SMAN 3 Amlapura Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah 35 orang siswa.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase tingkat penguasaan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing bola voli pada siklus I sebesar 42,86% berada pada dalam kategori sangat kurang. Pada Siklus II sebesar 85,71% berada pada berada dalam kategori baik. Terjadi peningkatan persentase tingkat penguasaan hasil belajar teknik dasar passing in bola voli sebesar 42,85% dari siklus I ke siklus II. Disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar passing bola voli.
PENGARUH MODEL LATIHAN CRAZY BALL GAME DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN MOTIVASI ANAK BERLATIH KARATE
Authors: Susila Gede Hendri Ari , Prastya Ade Hindhu
Published: October 2021

Olahraga karate merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga beladiri yang sangat digemari di Provinsi Bali, khususnya di kabupaten Buleleng. Teknik kumite adalah salah satu teknik dengan tingkat kesulitan tinggi dan berhadapan one bye one ditingkat anak usia dini tidaklah mudah secara psikologi anak sehingga dibutuhkan metode khusus dalam melatih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Model latihan Crazy Ball Game efektif meningkatkan minat dan motivasi anak berlatih karate khususnya teknik kumite. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian adalah anak kategori usia dini (7 s/d 9 tahun) yang terdaftar di aliran/perguruan di bawah naungan FORKI Buleleng sebanyak 50 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan penelitian yang sesuai dengan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model Latihan Crazy Ball Game berpengaruh terhadap Motivasi Berlatih siswa. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis kedua dalam penelitian diperoleh nilai koefisien F = 4,614 dengan signifikansi (sig) = < 0,05. Jika ditetapkan taraf signifikansi α = 0,05 maka nilai signifikansi uji hipotesis kedua jauh lebih kecil daripada α, sehingga F signifikan. Maka hipotesis kedua diterima yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap sikap sosial antara siswa yang mengikuti Model Latihan Crazy Ball Game dengan siswa yang mengikuti Latihan konvensional.
RASISME DALAM OLAHRAGA
Authors: Kuntjoro Bambang Ferianto Tjahyo
Published: October 2021

Rasisme dalam dunia olahraga banyak sekali terjadi, baik di Indonesia maupun di mancanegara. Misalnya pemain kulit hitam diteriaki suporter bak “monyet”, dan lain-lain. Hal ini dapat mengganggu konsentrasi pemain, tetapi juga dapat mengganggu jalannya pertandingan dan dapat merusak sportivitas dalam olahraga. Rasis dalam dunia sepakbola sering muncul dalam sebuah pertandingan antarnegara atau antarklub di Eropa yang disebabkan oleh banyak faktor seperti sejarah masa lalu sebuah bangsa, ego etnis, dan adanya kesenjangan ekonomi antar dua negara.Dengan banyaknya aksi rasisme dalam dunia olahraga, membuat organisasi-organisasi olahraga di dunia bahkan di Indonesia membuat aturan yang sifatnya membatasi dan mempersempit ruang gerak aksi rasisme bagi setiap pelaku olahraga baik pemain, pelatih, maupun supporter. Dalam Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (“UU ITE”), unsur dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak selalu muncul dalam perumusan tindak pidana ciber. Bunyi Pasal 28 ayat (2) UU ITE adalah sebagai berikut:Setiap Orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak menyebarkan informasi yang ditujukan untuk menimbulkan rasa kebencian atau permusuhan individu dan/atau kelompok masyarakat tertentu berdasarkan atas suku, agama, ras, dan antargolongan (SARA) dengan hukuman yaitu pidana penjara paling lama 6 (enam) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp1.000.000.000 (satu miliar rupiah).
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PASSING BAWAH BOLAVOLI
Authors: Sujito Sujito
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran passing bawah  bolavoli bagi siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Rogojampi - Banyuwangi sehingga bisa membuat peserta didik lebih senang, aktif, kreatif, dan termotivasi untuk bermain bolavoli. Produk yang diharapkan adalah buku panduan model pembelajaran passing bawah  bolavoli. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian  ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan memodifikasi langkah-langkah penelitian yang sesuai dengan kondisi di lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket untuk ahli dan siswa. Dengan kualifikasi 2 pelatih bolavoli dan 1 guru pendidikan jasmani, dan untuk ujicoba digunakan  kelompok kecil  10 siswa dan kelompok besar 15 siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menyebutkan bahwa hasil evaluasi ketiga ahli adalah 90,22%, sedangkan hasil evaluasi uji tahap I (uji kelompok kecil) dan uji tahap II (uji kelompok besar) adalah  83,33%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan dari ahli bolavoli, ahli pembelajaran dan siswa saat uji coba tahap I dan ujicoba tahap II dan memperhatikan hasil analisa data yang telah dilakukan, maka semua model pembelajaran layak dan dapat digunakan.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Scissor Jump dan Single Leg Speed Hope dengan Tingkat Kecepatan Berbeda Terhadap Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai pada Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Bulutangkis
Authors: Arnitayani Ni Made , Artanayasa I Wayan , Hidayat Syarif
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya ledak otot tungkai yang diakibatkan dari: 1) Pengaruh latihan scissor jump yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi dan rendah. 2) Pengaruh latihan single leg speed hope yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi dan rendah. 3) Perbedaan antara pengaruh latihan scissor jump yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi dan rendah. 4) Perbedaan antara pengaruh latihan single leg speed hope yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi dan rendah. 5) Interaksi antara latihan scissor jump dan single leg speed hope. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu dengan rancangan treatment by level. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 48 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan anava 2 jalur pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan latihan scissor jump yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi mempunyai perbedaan rata-rata pre test dan post test sebesar 19,33. Latihan scissor jump yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan rendah mempunyai perbedaan rata-rata pre test dan post test sebesar 18,67. Pengaruh latihan single leg speed hope yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi mempunyai perbedaan rata-rata pre test dan post test sebesar 8,67. Pengaruh latihan single leg speed hope yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan rendah mempunyai perbedaan rata-rata pre test dan post test sebesar 17,50. Perbedaan antara pengaruh latihan scissor jump yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi lebih unggul sebesar 15,000 dari tingkat kecepatan rendah dengan nilai signifikan 0,000. Perbedaan antara pengaruh latihan single leg speed hope yang memiliki tingkat kecepatan tinggi lebih unggul sebesar 8,083 dari tingkat kecepatan rendah dengan nilai signifikan 0,000. Interaksi antara latihan scissor jumpdan single leg speed hope mempunyai nilai sig. 0,000<0,05 sehingga terjadi interaksi. Perlu diadakannya penerapan pelatihan scissor jump yang lebih optimal untuk meningkatkan kekuatan otot dan daya ledak otot tungkai.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ankle Balance Strategy Exercise Meningkatkan Keseimbangan Siswa Putra Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Atletik Lompat Jauh
Authors: Wati Devi Arya , Parwata I Made Yoga , Vitalistyawati Luh Putu Ayu
Published: October 2021

Olahraga lompat jauh merupakan cabang olahraga atletik, olahraga atletik ini sering disebut “ibu olahraga karena terdiri dari gerak dasar manusia yang melibatkan gerakan jalan, lari, lompat dan lempar. Olahraga lompat jauh adalah salah satu olahraga prestasi. Olahraga ini memiliki empat fase yaitu awalan, tolakan, melayang dan mendarat. Pada lompat jauh ini fase mendarat merupakan fase terpenting. Komponen fisik yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam fase mendarat yaitu keseimbangan. Keseimbangan dapat ditingkatkan melalui latihan ankle balance strategy exercise. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latihan ankle balance strategy exercise meningkatkan keseimbangan pada siswa putra ekstrakurikuler atletik lompat jauh di SMKN1 Denpasar.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pre-Experimental. One-Group Pretest- Post test Design, bertempat di Lapangan Lumintang, dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 10 orang. Latihan dilakukan selama 12 kali pertemuan, frekuensi 3 kali seminggu. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan strokstand test untuk mengukur keseimbangan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan pairedt-test dengan tingkat siginifikan 0.000(p≤0.05). Hasil analisis data bahwa latihan ankle balance strategy exercise bermakna secara statistik dan dapat meningkatkan keseimbangan sebesar 20,51%. siswa putra peserta ekstrakurikuler atletik  lompat  jauh di SMKN1 Denpasar
Weak and strong stabilization for time-delay semi-linear systems governed by constrained feedback control
Authors:   Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications, ENS, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco, Benslimane Y. , Delbouh A. ,   Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications, ENS, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco, El Amri H. ,   Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications, ENS, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
Published: October 2021

This paper is concerned with the issue of weak and strong stabilization for distributed semi-linear systems with time delay using a constrained feedback control. The results of the semi-linear systems without delay are generalized for strong and weak stabilization cases. Illustrating applications to hyperbolic and parabolic equations are considered.
TSDT theory for free vibration of functionally graded plates with various material properties
Authors:   Hassan II University of Casablanca, National Higher School of Arts and Crafts (ENSAM Casablanca), 20670 Casablanca, Morocco, Janane Allah M. , Belaasilia Y. ,   Hassan II University of Casablanca, National Higher School of Arts and Crafts (ENSAM Casablanca), 20670 Casablanca, Morocco, Timesli A. ,   Hassan II University of Casablanca, National Higher School of Arts and Crafts (ENSAM Casablanca), 20670 Casablanca, Morocco, El Haouzi A. ,   Hassan II University of Casablanca, National Higher School of Arts and Crafts (ENSAM Casablanca), 20670 Casablanca, Morocco
Published: October 2021

In this work, an implicit algorithm is used for analyzing the free dynamic behavior of Functionally Graded Material (FGM) plates. The Third order Shear Deformation Theory (TSDT) is used to develop the proposed model. In this contribution, the formulation is written without any homogenization technique as the rule of mixture. The Hamilton principle is used to establish the resulting equations of motion. For spatial discretization based on Finite Element Method (FEM), a quadratic element with four and eight nodes is adopted using seven degrees of freedom per node. An implicit algorithm is used for solving the obtained problem. To study the accuracy and the performance of the proposed approach, we present comparisons with literature and laminate composite modeling results for vibration natural frequencies. Otherwise, we examine the influence of the exponent of the volume fraction which reacts the plates "P-FGM" and "S-FGM". In addition, we study the influence of the thickness on "E-FGM" plates.
Application of Optimization and Machine Learning for Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Chourasiya Manitosh , Rathod Prof.  Devendra Singh
Published: October 2021

Sentiment analysis is called detecting emotions extracted from text features and is known as one of the most important parts of opinion extraction. Through this process, we can determine if a script is positive, negative or neutral. In this research, sentiment analysis is performed with textual data. A text feeling analyzer combines natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to assign weighted assessment scores to entities, subjects, subjects, and categories within a sentence or phrase. In expressing mood, the polarity of text reviews could be graded on a negative to positive scale using a learning algorithm.

The current decade has seen significant developments in artificial intelligence, and the machine learning revolution has changed the entire AI industry. After all, machine learning techniques have become an integral part of any model in today's computing world. However, the ensemble to learning techniques is promise a high level of automation with the extraction of generalized rules for text and sentiment classification activities. This thesis aims to design and implement an optimized functionality matrix using to the ensemble learning for the sentiment classification and its applications.
Pengaruh Pupuk Amonium Klorida terhadap N-Total Tanah, Serapan N, dan Hasil Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt) pada Inceptisol Jatinangor
Authors: Fauziah Futri , Sofyan Emma Trinurani , Setiawan Ade , Sara Dirga Sapta , Qosim Warid Ali
Published: October 2021

In the past decade, Indonesian interest towards sweet corn has increased. This condition creates a wide market opportunity for sweet corn. However, sweet corn cultivation in Indonesia is often constrained by low soil fertility. One of the essential nutrients needed by sweet corn is nitrogen. Nitrogen can be obtained from inorganic fertilizers such as Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) fertilizer. This research aimed to determine the effect and the best dosage of Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) in increasing N-total, N uptake, and yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) of Talenta variety on Jatinangor Inceptisol. This experiment was conducted at the research field of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor from July to October 2020. The experimental design used in this research was Randomized Block Design (RDB), which consisted of nine treatments with 1 control treatment (without fertilizer), 1 standard single N, P, K fertilizer treatment, 3 dosages of Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) fertilizer treatment, and 4 combinations of Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) fertilizer with ¾ recommended dose of standard N, P, K fertilizer. The results showed that the combination of Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) fertilizer affected the total Nitrogen content, nitrogen uptake, and yield of sweet corn. Combination of 1 ¼ dose of Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) fertilizer with ¾ recommended dose of standard N, P, K fertilizer show the highest increase in total nitrogen (0,24%), nitrogen uptake (2,72 g per plant), and fresh weight of the corn cobs (0,42 kg per plant).
Utilization of Steel Slag in Agriculture (Review)
Authors: Devnita Rina , Sandrawati Apong , Arifin Mahfud
Published: October 2021

The process of refining iron by Blast Furnace (BF) or Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) produces steel and by-product: steel slag. This by-product can be used for various fields such as construction, industry and agriculture. This paper aimed to discuss the use of steel slag in agriculture as fertilizer, lime and ameliorant in the soils. The content of elements and compounds in steel slag is the basic component for the utilization of this material, therefore they are displayed quite completely. The presence of other contents like of heavy metals which are classified as hazardous toxic materials is also stated. Utilization of steel slag for agriculture has been carried out widely in various countries such as Japan, Germany and the United States. There have been many studies of steel slag in Indonesia that prove the benefits of steel slag in adding nutrients and improving soil reactions. However, the use of this material is still limited to research field, has not been widely used. Meanwhile, many research has proven that steel slag can improve some chemical characteristics like pH and CEC, as well improve Ca, Mg and Si content. Steel slag can release P from retention and fixation and Andisols and Ultisols. Research showed that steel slag improved the yield of rice, maize, horticultural and industrial plants.