bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intellectual Capital And Innovativness Of Polish Enterprises In The Context Of Europe 2020 Strategy Goals
Authors: Wildowicz-Giegel Anna
Published: July 2015

From the majority of European Union documents it explicitly follows that innovations are a key to the economic future of Europe. Innovativeness, understood as a propensity to create new or modernize the existing solutions, and the ability to absorb foreign scientific or technological achievements, is extremely important for the Polish economy. Unfortunately, both innovation activity of enterprises and the results obtained in this field by the Polish economy have not been satisfactory so far. The main purpose of this study is to present the issue of innovation in Polish enterprises, significantly influenced by intellectual capital. It is commonly known that all intangible assets possessed by a society, i.e. all the components of intellectual capital, including human, structural and social assets, currently play an important role in the process of creating innovation. The analysis of the relation between the innovativeness of economic entities and the quality of Poland’s intellectual capital was done in the light of the basic assumptions of the renewed Lisbon Strategy and the Europe 2020 Strategy.
Improving postoperative pain management in subpectoral tissue expander implant reconstruction of the breast using an elastomeric pump
Authors: Chaudhry A , Hallam S , Chambers A , Sahu AK , Govindarajulu S , Cawthorn S
Published: July 2015

Introduction

Postoperative pain after breast surgery is one of the major factors contributing to delay in mobilisation and prolonged hospital stay. A retrospective analysis was performed of patients undergoing skin sparing mastectomy and insertion of a subpectoral implant. The aim was to determine whether the use of an elastomeric local anaesthetic pump improved pain control and length of stay.

Methods

Twenty-five consecutive patients undergoing the above procedure were sited with an elastomeric local anaesthetic infusion pump intraoperatively, in addition to standard regular and pro re nata analgesia. The control group comprised 25 patients undergoing the same procedure in the same year who received standard analgesia alone. Visual analogue scale scores were recorded for the duration of inpatient stay, as was any further analgesic requirement.

Results

The median age was 51 years (range: 26–75 years) in the intervention group and 50 years (range: 28–70 years) in the control group. The mean visual analogue scale score was 0.28 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.61) at 24 hours for the intervention group and 1.84 (SD: 0.37) for the control group (p<0.0001). The mean length of stay was 1.8 days (SD: 0.71 days) for the intervention group and 2.28 days (SD: 0.94 days) for the control group (p=0.15). There were no complications involving catheter placement, leakage or toxicity relating to use of the local anaesthetic.

Conclusions

There was significantly reduced pain with the use of the local anaesthetic infusion pump. The elastomeric pump is a step towards enhanced patient recovery after breast surgery in the case of skin sparing mastectomy and subpectoral tissue expander reconstruction.
The HPB Clinic: Do Patients Want a Copy of Their Clinic Letter?
Authors: Ansari IA , Saif R , Sen G , Lochan R , Jacob M , Manas DM , White SA
Published: July 2015

The NHS plan published by the Department of Health (DH) in 2000 recommended that patients should receive copies of all clinician-generated correspondence written about them. Concerns from many groups delayed widespread implementation of the policy and a committee set up under the NHS Modernisation Board recommended that further research was required in this area prior to rolling out the policy fully. Good practice guidelines on copying letters to patients were subsequently produced by the DH in 2001.
Sir John Tomes (1815–1895)
Authors: Berkovitz Barry
Published: July 2015

This year marks the bicentenary of the opening of the Hunterian Museum here at the Royal College of Surgeons of England. This affords our dental profession the opportunity to celebrate the achievements of one of its giants, Sir John Tomes, who had important connections with this College and the Hunterian Museum. He was at the forefront of all the developments that eventually led to the establishment of dentistry as practised today.
An undigested cherry tomato as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction
Authors: Mortezavi A , Schneider PM , Lurje G
Published: July 2015

Small bowel obstruction due to undigested fibre from fruits and vegetables is a rare but known medical condition. We report a case of small bowel obstruction caused by a whole cherry tomato in a patient without a past medical history of abdominal surgery. A 66-year-old man presented to the emergency department complaining of lower abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. His last bowel movement had occurred on the morning of presentation. He underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT), which showed a sudden change of diameter in the distal ileum with complete collapse of the proximal small bowel segment. Laparoscopy confirmed a small bowel obstruction with a transition point close to the ileocaecal valve. An enterotomy was performed and a completely undigested cherry tomato was retrieved. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a small bowel obstruction caused by a whole cherry tomato.
Surgical assistance - who can help?
Authors: Hall Susan , Quick Julie , Hall Andrew , Jones Adrian
Published: July 2015

Changes affecting surgical training, together with the implementation of the European Working Time Directive, have necessitated increased reliance on non-medically qualified assistants. Such assistance must be performed by suitably educated personnel. The RCS, The Perioperative Care Collaborative (PCC) and The Association for Perioperative Practice (AfPP) all play a role in ensuring high standards of patient care. In so doing, they have determined the circumstances and the level at which such assistance may be given by three grades of perioperative personnel. It is essential that surgeons understand and support such non-medically qualified colleagues in adhering to these standards.
The European Board of Surgery Qualification in general surgery
Authors: Laloë V , Feil W
Published: July 2015

Can it standardise surgical training throughout Europe?
From surgeon to scientist
Authors: Hepburn E , Ward ST
Published: July 2015

How to ease the learning curve in postgraduate research.
Improving awareness of the major incident plan
Authors: Willmott H , Slater RNS , Kurek N , Nicholl JE
Published: July 2015

Simple measures that hospitals should start taking.
Canal centring ability of ProTaper and Mtwo rotary systems in curved canals
Authors: Turkaydin Erbay , Gunday Mahir , Ovecoğlu Sazak , Garıp Yıldız
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this investigation was to compare centring ratio of ProTaper and Mtwo rotary systems. 60 mandibular molar teeth which had 25, 30 and 35 degree curvature in mesio-buccal root canal were used. Group 1 had 25°, Group 2 had 30°, and Group 3 had 35° curvatures. The roots were sectioned horizontally at 2 mm away from the apex. The apical region was then observed under a stereo-microscope. In each group, teeth were instrumented using ProTaper and Mtwo systems. After canal preparation, digital images of apical part of canals were taken. These images were then superimposed by using Adobe Photoshop CS2 programme. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Student's t-test. No significant differences were found between each curvature degrees and rotary systems at the apical part of curved root canals (p<0.05).
Colonization of diatoms and bacteria on artificial substrates in the northeastern coastal Adriatic Sea
Authors: Mejdandžić Maja , Ivanković Tomislav , Pfannkuchen Martin , Godrijan Jelena , Pfannkuchen Daniela Marić , Hrenović Jasna , Ljubešić Zrinka
Published: July 2015

Every surface that is immersed in seawater becomes rapidly covered with an unavoidable biofilm. Such biofilm formation, also known as fouling, is a complex multistage process and not yet thoroughly investigated. In this study, the succession of diatoms and bacteria was investigated during a one month exposure on an artificial substrate of plexiglass (polymer of methyl methacrylate) mounted above the seafloor at a depth of 5 m. For biofilm analyses, the fouling was investigated using selective agar plates, epifluorescence, light and electronic microscopy, as well as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigment analysis. During biofilm development, the abundance of all biofilm components increased and reached maximum values after a one month exposure. In the bacterial community, heterotrophic marine bacteria were dominant and reached 1.96 ± 0.79 × 104colony forming units (CFU) cm-2. Despite the fact that faecal coliforms and intestinal enterococci were detected in the water column, faecal coliforms were not detected in the biofilm and intestinal enterococci appeared after one month of exposure but in the negligible number of 60 ± 10 CFU cm-2. The phototrophic component of the biofilm was dominated by diatoms and reached a concentration of 6.10 × 105cells cm-2, which was supported by pigment analysis with fucoxanthin as dominant pigment in a concentration up to 110 ng cm-2. The diatom community was dominated by Cylindrotheca closterium and other pennate benthic diatoms. A detailed taxonomic analysis by electronic microscopy revealed 30 different taxa of diatoms. The study confirmed that a plexiglass surface in a marine environment is susceptible to biofouling within 30 days of contact. Furthermore, the co lonization process sequence firstly involved bacteria and cyanobacteria, and secondly diatoms, which together formed a primary biofilm in the sea.
Carotenoid determination in tomato juice using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Deák Konrád , Szigedi Tamás , Pék Zoltán , Baranowski Piotr , Helyes Lajos
Published: July 2015

A rapid non-destructive method for profiling tomato carotenoids was developed using NIR spectrometry. One hundred and twenty tomato samples were produced at the Experimental Farm of Szent István University in Gödöllő (Hungary). The sample preparation was based on homogenization. The mixed samples were scanned with a diode array Perten DA7200 NIR Analyzer (950-1650 nm) and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The calibration was based on partial least squares regression with cross-validation. The performance of the final model was evaluated according to root mean square error of cross-validation. The results indicate that the main carotenoid components were accurately predicted. The correlation between the NIR measurement and the β-carotene content of tomatoes was adequately high [R2CV = 0.89; root mean square error of cross-validation = 0.174 μg g−1]. The NIR method was also performed for the determination of the all-trans lycopene content (R2CV = 0.75; root mean square error of cross-validation = 6.88 μg g−1). It can be concluded that the diode array NIR spectrometer has the potential to be used for the determination of the main carotenoids of tomatoes.
Atmospheric moisture controls far-red irradiation: a probable impact on the phytochrome
Authors: Doroszewski Andrzej , Górski Tadeusz , Kozyra Jerzy
Published: July 2015

It is commonly accepted that an important role of the phytochrome lies in signalling the proximity of competing plants. However, not all photoresponses conveyed by the phytochrome can be explained by the competition only. Because a better description of the natural variability of solar spectral irradiance is necessary to recognize the other roles of the phytochrome, long-lasting spectroradiometric measurements have been performed. Special attention has been paid to the relations between the far-red and red bands of the solar spectrum, which have an impact on the phytochrome. The effect of atmospheric moisture on far-red irradiance (attenuated in the 720 nm band of water vapour absorption) is described. The far-red irradiance, active in the ‘high irradiance response’ of the phytochrome, and the red/far-red ratio, important for the ‘low fluence response’, may vary very strongly relative to the atmospheric moisture. Together with other facts known from photophysiology, the results of the measurements enabled us to formulate a thesis that the phytochrome monitors the amount of water vapour and opens appropriate metabolic pathways to cope with the danger of drought. The recognition of this novel role of the phytochrome might broaden the knowledge in the area of plant photomorphogenesis and ecology.
Physical properties of gluten-free bread caused by water addition
Authors: Różyło Renata , Dziki Dariusz , Gawlik-Dziki Urszula , Cacak-Pietrzak Grażyna , Miś Antoni , Rudy Stanisław
Published: July 2015

In this paper, we propose for the first time a description (regression and canonical form) of the changes in the physical properties of several types of natural gluten-free bread produced with different amounts of water in the recipe. Five types of bread, made of corn flour (100%), rice flour (100%), corn and rice flour (50:50%), buckwheat, corn, and rice flour (30:35:35%), were investigated. It has been noticed that, by changing the amount of water addition to the dough, it is possible to significantly affect the quality of different types of natural gluten-free bread. Addition of water from 80 to 120% of flour mass, resulted in significant changes in the quality of bread. Bread made of corn flour required the largest amount of water addition (120%); however, bread made of rice flour was characterized by a better quality with the lowest amount of water addition (80%), while bread made of corn and rice flour and buckwheat, corn, and rice flour were characterized by the best quality when the amount of water addition was 90%. Changes in the physical properties of bread were described as second degree polynomial regression equations or by linear regression and the canonical form was proposed.
The Metal And Sulphate Removal From Mine Drainage Waters By Biological-Chemical Ways
Authors: Jenčárová Jana , Luptáková Alena
Published: July 2015

Mine drainage waters are often characterized by high concentrations of sulphates and metals as a consequence of the mining industry of sulphide minerals. The aims of this work are to prove some biological-chemical processes utilization for the mine drainage water treatment. The studied principles of contamination elimination from these waters include sulphate reduction and metal bioprecipitation by the application of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Other studied process was metal sorption by prepared biogenic sorbent. Mine drainage waters from Slovak localities Banská Štiavnica and Smolník were used to the pollution removal examination. In Banská Štiavnica water, sulphates decreased below the legislative limit. The elimination of zinc by sorption experiments achieved 84 % and 65 %, respectively.
Demography, breeding success and effects of nest type in artificial colonies of Red-footed Falcons and allies
Authors: Kotymán László , Solt Szabolcs , Horváth Éva , Palatitz Péter , Fehérvári Péter
Published: July 2015

Shortage of breeding sites is an important limiting factor of bird populations. Artificial breeding platforms, nest-boxes or man-made twig nests often present solutions with remarkable results, however long-term sustainability of these populations remains to be resolved. Furthermore, the question whether the inference of results of studies conducted on birds breeding in artificial breeding sites can be generalized to other populations, still remains open. Here we present the history, and the results of a 20 year old (1995-2015) nest-box programme initiated to increase potential breeding possibilities of Red-footed Falcons in an area, where nest-site shortage was a severe limiting factor. We show how various other species (Jackdaws, Kestrels and Long-eared Owls) have utilized these resources, and present descriptive statistics on their reproductive performance. Analysing the data of a total of 1432 breeding attempts, we show that Red-footed Falcons have similar clutch sizes, and nesting success (i.e. ratio of nests with at least on fledgling), however fledging success (ratio of the number of eggs/fledged nestlings) was different in artificial nest-boxes. When we excluded closed box types from artificial nests, this difference was not apparent. In case of Kestrels (n=1626 breeding attempts) clutch size was significantly higher in artificial nests, while we found no difference in fledging or nesting success. When only comparing open boxes to natural nests, the difference in clutch size was no longer significant. We also analysed the effect of nest box design on reproductive parameters of the two species using regression trees. Inter annual effects were the most important in shaping clutch size and fledging rate of both falcon species, however we also found nest-box design effects, but only in Red-footed Falcons. In years when mean clutch size was high, these birds had lower clutch size in an older, darker nest-box type compared to an alternative design, and to open boxes. However, fledging rate in the same years was lower for both open boxes and older nest-boxes. We conclude that artificial colonies are an important and successful tool in Red-footed Falcon conservation, and that the breeding parameters measured in artificial colonies depend on nest-box design. We present correlative evidence that closed boxes have a significant positive species specific effect on reproduction, probably due to their protection against weather. We also show that birds may have a preference for a certain nest-box design, and that the breeding success in the less favoured box type may be similar to that in open nests. We recommend that future studies incorporate nest-type and nest-box design effects in all comparisons made on reproductive performance in case of Red-footed Falcons and Kestrels.
Language as a Tool. An Insight From Cognitive Science
Authors: Brożek Bartosz , Hohol Mateusz
Published: July 2015

In this paper it has been argued that the theory of conceptual maps developed recently by Paul M. Churchland provides support for Wittgenstein’s claim that language is a tool for acting in the world. The role of language is to coordinate and shape the conceptual maps of the members of the given language community, reducing the cross-individual cognitive idiosyncrasies and paving the way for joint cognitive enterprises. Moreover, Churchland’s theory also explains our tendency to speak of language as consisting of concepts which correspond to things we encounter in the world. The puzzle of common sense reference is no longer a puzzle: while at the fundamental level language remains a tool for orchestrating conceptual maps, the fact that the maps encode some communally shared categorization of experience fuels our talk of concepts capturing the essences of things, natural kinds, prototypes, etc.
The Relationship Between Listening Strategy Performance and Critical Listening Ability of Indonesian Students
Authors: Arono Arono
Published: July 2015

It is believed that students’ critical listening ability can be improved through proper listening strategy performance. This action research (Fraenkel Wallen, 2007) was conducted in line with the assumption that students of Indonesia Literature and Language Education, Bengkulu University and Bengkulu Muhammadiyah University could reach proficient level provided that they were taught properly. The goal of this research was to reveal listening strategy performance related to students’ critical listening ability. The result of the research showed that the relationship between listening strategy performance and critical listening ability of students tended to be directly proportional in which high students’ listening strategy performance tended to be followed by high critical listening ability and vise versa. Students’ listening strategy performance in improving students’ critical listening ability was able to (1) effective activities, students create active, effective, and creative learning process independently in measuring and developing in each step of listening learning model, (2) enough listening learning media can improve students’ critical listening skill (3) critical listening strategy performance can increase students’ critical listening ability. Copyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
multiphysics simulation of a fluorine electrolysis cell
Authors: Pretorius Ryno , Crouse Philippus L. , Hattingh Christiaan J.
Published: July 2015

We modelled a laboratory-scale fluorine reactor which employed fully coupled, fundamental electron, heat, mass and momentum transfer (two-phase) equations to deliver a transient simulation. Hydrodynamic quasisteady-state results were produced for the current density, electric field, temperature, reactive species concentration, gas and liquid velocity profiles as well as gas fraction distribution within the reactor. Simulation results were verified by modelling and comparing models from published works on similar reactors, as the laboratory-scale reactor is still in construction phase. Comparisons were favourable.
Alterações físico-químicas de geleias de melão e acerola durante o armazenamento
Authors: Paiva C. A. , Aroucha E. M. M. , Ferreira R. M. A. , Araújo N. O. , Silva P. S. L.
Published: July 2015

O processamento de polpa e a fabricação de geleias são produtos de interesse para a região nordeste do Brasil. A baixa precipitação e os altos índices de luminosidade anuais, associado ao desenvolvimento da irrigação localizada na região, atraíram grandes empresas nacionais e internacionais para a produção de variados tipos de frutos, incluindo a acerola e o melão. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características físico-químicas de geleia simples e mista (50% de melão e 50% de acerola) de melão e acerola, por ocasião do preparo e após o armazenamento por 30 dias. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O tempo de armazenamento aumentou o teor de sólidos solúveis (SS) e o pH, mas reduziu a acidez titulável e o teor de ácido ascórbico das geleias. A geleia de melão apresentou o maior teor de SS após o armazenamento. E a geleia de acerola obteve valores superiores de pH, acidez titulável e vitamina C, nas duas épocas de análise. Já a geleia mista apresentou pH igual à geleia de melão, mas quanto às demais características situou-se entre às geleias simples.

Physical and chemical characteristics of acerola and melon jellies during storage

Abstract: The pulp processing and the manufacture of jellies are products of interest to the northeastern region of Brazil. The low rainfall and high rates of annual luminosity associated with the development of drip irrigation in the region, attracted large national and international companies for the production of various kinds of fruits, including acerola and melon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of single and mixed jelly (50% of melon and 50% acerola) of melon and acerola, on the occasion of preparation and after storage for 30 days. We used a completely randomized design. The storage time increased the soluble solids (SS) and pH, but reduced titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content from jelly. The melon jelly had the highest SS content after storage. And acerola jelly obtained higher values of pH, titratable acidity and vitamin C, in two periods of analysis. However the mixed jelly showed pH seems to jelly melon, but to the other features it was between the simple jelly.
Difusores y justicieros. Las instituciones judiciales en la política de derechos humanos
Authors: Ansolabehere Sesti Karina
Published: July 2015

El presente trabajo realiza dos contribuciones principales al estudio de las instituciones judiciales en el campo de la política de derechos humanos. La primera es la comprensiónde los rasgos que la política sobre derechos humanos asigna al comportamiento de las instituciones judiciales que no había sido sistematizado hasta el momento. En la revisión se identifican dos comportamientos judiciales deseables no necesariamente relacionados: la difusión de normas internacionales de derechos humanos y la impartición de justicia propiamente dicha. La segunda, íntimamente vinculada con el primer aporte, es hacer avanzar la frontera del conocimiento en el tema a partir del desarrollo de categorías de análisis más complejas e integrales a través de la propuesta de construcción de una tipología que tome en cuenta los dos rasgos del comportamiento judicial previsto en el campo de estudio de la política de derechos humanos: la difusión y la justicia.
Has Otolaryngology Subspecialization Gone Too Far in Bangladesh?
Authors: Shaheen Md Mazharul
Published: July 2015

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2015; 21(1): 1-3
Comparative Study of Ultrasound Guided FNAC and Conventional FNAC in the Diagnosis of Parotid Tumour
Authors: Islam Mohammad Obaidul , Sarker Md Zakaria , Mahmud Muddassir , Ahmed Mesbah Uddin , Bhuiyan Ashequr Rahman , Chowdhury A Allam
Published: July 2015

Objective: To evaluate role of ultrasound guided FNAC for the diagnosis of parotid tumor.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 39 patients with parotid tumor admitted in the ENT department of out door of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, and Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital Dhaka, during July 2013 to June 2014 were enrolled for surgical management. Conventional FNAC and ultrasound guided FNAC were done in all these patients and they were followed up from the admission upto the post operative tissue diagnosis of parotid tumor in respective pathology departments for histopathological correlation.Results: The highest incidence of parotid tumor was in 4th decade and male to female ratio was almost 1:1. The main clinical feature were 27(69.2%) had firm, 6(15.4%) soft, 1(2.6%) hard and 5(12.8%) over the parotid tail. The validity of histopathology evaluation for pleomorphic in USG FNAC sensitivity 95.7%, specificity 100.0%, accuracy 97.4%, positive predictive values 100.0%, negative predictive values 94.1%. Evaluation for Meucoepidermoid sensitivity 80.0%, specificity 97.1%, accuracy 94.9%, positive predictive values 80.0%, negative predictive values 97.1% in USG FNAC. In USG FNAC for identification Warthin sensitivity 100.0%, specificity 100.0%, accuracy 100.0%, positive predictive values 100.0%, negative predictive values 100.0%. Evaluation for Adenocystic in USG FNAC sensitivity 100.0%, specificity 100.0%, accuracy 100.0%, positive predictive values 100.0%, negative predictive values 100.0%.Conclusion: It can be concluded that Ultrasound guided FNAC has definite value in the diagnosis of tumours and can be regarded as a sensitive and specific imaging modality for pre-operative discrimination of the benign and malignant parotid tumours.Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2015; 21(1): 5-16
Traumatic Rupture of Tympanic Membrane: A Study of 70 Cases
Authors: Rabbani SM Golam , Rashid Md Abdur , Mahmud Khaled , Chowdhury M Alamgir , Razzak Md Abdur
Published: July 2015

Objective: To find out the causes and pattern of traumatic rupture of tympanic membrane (TM) and their prognosis.Methods: This was a cross sectional study and carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology- Head & Neck Surgery, Tairunessa Memorial Medical College & Hospital, Boardbazar, Gazipur, in a period of 18 months from January 2011 to December 2013 among those had traumatic ruptured tympanic membrane attending in our hospital. 70 cases were taken and the data were collected by interviewing the cases as per questionnaire from history, examinations & investigation reports.Results: This study showed people of 21-30 years (65.5%) are mostly affected and males (36) were more affected than females (34) and housewives (34.5%) were commonest group of people. 88.5% of cases the cause of rupture is slapping and 42% cases slapped by her own husbands. From this study we got left ear was involved in (60)85%of cases. It needs 22-28 days in 57.14% of cases to heal the membrane. Almost all 94.5% of cases it heals spontaneously.Conclusion: It needs early diagnosis, no intervention and no entry of water. In most cases they heal spontaneously the ruptured TMBangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2015; 21(1): 38-42
Stammering
Authors: Sattar Md Abdus , Sultana Tajmira , Uzzaman Shihab
Published: July 2015

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2015; 21(1): 43-46
Size and Pretension Optimization Design of Deployable Cable-Frame Antenna Structures
Authors: Zong Ya Li , Cao Hong Jun , Ma Ya Jing
Published: July 2015

In this paper, the structural optimization problem of a deployable cable-frame antenna consisting of a cable network and a supporting frame is discussed in detail. Firstly, the initial equilibrium problem of the cable-frame antenna structure is discussed with emphasis on the realization convenience. An optimization model is proposed to get a set of uniformly distributed cable pretensions whilst satisfying the surface precision requirement. Secondly, the optimization of the member size and cable tensions are integrated in one optimization model in which both folded and deployed status are considered. Finally, a 10-meter antenna is optimized with good results which indicates that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
Application of Damaged Plasticity Model on Slab-Column Joints
Authors: Ding Hui , Wang Jian Ping , Fan Cheng
Published: July 2015

By the analysis of reinforced concrete slab, combined with experiment tests the feasibility of damaged plasticity model for concrete. Using parametric analyses, further the plastic damage model of related parameters set methods were discussed, concrete dilatation Angle, viscous coefficient, tensile stiffness, tensile damage on the results, in order to the design of slab-column connections engineering personnel to provide the reference.
Numerical Simulation of Z-Shaped Column Joints in RC Frame Based on Damage Plasticity Model
Authors: Ni Zhen Qiang , Cui Qin Shu
Published: July 2015

This research selected Z-shaped section column joints in RC frame as the investigating object and considered the mechanical parameters extracted from physical model test results, proposed the finite element model of concrete damaged plasticity. Combining concrete damage plasticity model parameters on ABAQUS of concrete constitutive relationship from appendix C of Code for design of concrete structures (GB50010-2010), add the concept of damage factor to Energy equivalence principle, construct finite element model of Z-shaped column joints in RC frame, and simulated the test process under horizontal cyclic loading. The analysis results indicate that the finite element model can perfectly simulate action. It can reflect the mechanical properties of Z-shaped column joints in frame under horizontal cyclic loading, which is proved correct and reliable.
Effects of Si/Al Molar Ratio on the Properties of Iron-Red Fancy Glaze with Low Thermal Expansion (I)
Authors: Dong Wei Xia , Gu Xing Yong , Bao Qi Fu , Shen Li
Published: July 2015

In this paper, the low thermal expansion iron-red glaze was prepared. Effects of Si/Al molar ratio on the glaze were studied. The phase and thermal expansion coefficient were characterized by XRD and thermal expansion coefficient analysis. The results showed that with the increase of Si/Al molar ratio, the obtained sample changed from small red spots or suitable spots, to connected red spots, and then to little red spots. When Si/Al molar ratio of the sample changes from 8.0 to 9.0, the thermal expansion coefficient of the sample was slightly lower than that of porcelain body and the difference between them remained between 1.08~ 1.12×10-6K-1 and 1.16×10-6K-1, which indicated that the iron-red glaze could be well matched with the low-expansion porcelain body.
Features of Phase Formation in Cellular Autoclaved Composites with Nanostructured Modifier
Authors: Nelubova Viktoriya Viktorovna , Strokova Valeria Valerievna , Palshina Yulia Valerievna
Published: July 2015

The influence of a nanostructured modifier of silicate composition on the phase formation in the system of cellular composites of autoclaved hardening is studied. It is established that the reaction-active component NM favors the displacement of C-S-H phase formation to the low-basic field. In the process, an optimal ratio of low-and highly basic calcium hydro-silicates is formed that favors the improvement of strength characteristics of autoclaved gas concrete with the use of the nanostructured modifier and its operating life in the process of exploitation.
Graft Copolymerization of Chitosan with L-Lactide under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Tian Ye , Zeng Qing Hui , Ren Ya Qing , He Xiao Fan
Published: July 2015

Poly (L-lactide) was grafted onto chitosan by ring-opening copolymerization under microwave irradiation in the presence of tin octoate (Sn (Oct)2) as catalyst. The chemical structure and physical properties of the copolymers with different feeding ratios were discussed by FTIR, DTG and X-RD, taking pure chitosan as reference. The results showed that the application of microwave irradiation in the reaction could achieve the copolymer with high grafting percentage in a short time and low temperature. The thermal stability and crystallinity were decreased with the feeding ratio increasing, attributing to the increasing of grafting percentage.
Study on Anti-Corrosion Property of Nickel-Based Coatings on Copper Surface in Supersonic Particles Deposition
Authors: Ren Zhi Qiang , Wang Xiao Ming , Wang Qi Wei , Zhou Chao Ji , Zhang Yao
Published: July 2015

In this study, the anti-corrosion properties of nickel-based coatings on the surface of copper alloy were investigated, and damages caused by corrosion on the copper surface were resolved. Researchers prepared nickel-based coatings by supersonic particles deposition, and tested the anti-corrosion properties of brass substrate and nickel-based coating by electrochemical technology and neutral salt spray. The results show that, the corrosion current of coating decreased 35 times than that of matrix. The successive and pyknotic oxide film on the surface of coating prevented reaction of corrosion further. When it reached 500 hours, the corrosion rate closed to 0. Nickel-based coatings prepared by supersonic particles deposition contribute to the increase of corrosion resistance significantly, which verifies that it is feasible to prepare outstanding corrosion resisting nickel-based coating by supersonic particles deposition.
Theoretical Calculation and Simulation Experiment of Tooth Contact in Planetary Gearing with Small Tooth Number Difference
Authors: Li Fei , Xia Jian Fang
Published: July 2015

This article focuses on multi-tooth contact existing in planetary gearing with small tooth number difference. On the basis of analyses of the meshing process of planetary gearing with small tooth number difference, it puts forward the calculation formula of contacting tooth pairs to the theoretical clearance angles and establishes the theoretical mathematical model for calculating the number of contacting tooth in the meshing process of planetary gearing. The model is used to calculate the data of certain particular planetary gearing mechanism and sort out the relationship between contacting tooth and the load distribution of tooth pairs. And the simulation experiment has been made using the ABAQUS finite element analysis software to verify the validity of the theoretical calculation formula.
Based on the Photoelectric Orientation System of the Robot in the Application of Production Line
Authors: Ye Li , Luo Bin , Yang Jian Hua
Published: July 2015

This paper use the laser sensor to primary mapping the position of the artifacts. Then manipulator carry through accurately positioning on the artifacts by machine vision. Then the manipulator accurately capture the artifact by adjust error automatically. By using laser sensor and machine vision, the robot on industrial production line can more accurately positioning fetching artifacts and the requirements of industrial production line for precise localization of robot.
Water Desalination Using Solar Energy
Authors: Antar Mohamed
Published: July 2015

Water desalination is receiving increasing attention due to water scarcity in many places in the world. Although two third of the earth is covered with water, most of this water is salty (97.5%) and therefore not suitable for human, animal or plant needs. Furthermore, most of the fresh water available throughout the work is not accessible such as icebergs and some deep ground water. Water uneven distribution throughout the world creates another problem of water scarcities in arid places. Africa and Middle East are having the smallest share of natural, pure water resources. Fortunately, these areas of arid climate and low fresh water are rich in the most significant renewable energy source, solar energy. In this chapter, the potential of the utilization of renewable energy sources is discussed. Several desalination techniques that can be powered by renewable energy are discussed. Those techniques include the non-conventional ones such as the solar stills, humidification dehumidification desalination and membrane distillation. What is common within all of these techniques is the relatively low temperatures needed to operate the plants (around 80 °C) that can be afforded easily using solar collectors for heating water (and sometimes air). Several layouts of humidification dehumidification systems and membrane distillation system are also discussed in details taking into consideration the improvement of performance due to energy recovery systems and the recent trends of such technologies. Although the solar energy is basically free source of energy, how good this energy is utilized in operating the desalination systems is considered in the gain output ratio (GOR) that allows for comparison of different systems comparison and shows the room for improvement.
Materials and Photosensor Devices with High Radiation Stability
Authors: Rarenko Ilariy , Korbutyak Dmytro , Koshkin Volodymyr , Danilchenko Boris , Kosyachenko Leonid , Fochuk Petro , Sklyarchuk Valeriy , Zakharuk Zinaida , Dremlyuzhenko Sergey , Rarenko Anna , Nikonyuk Yevgeniy , Klad’ko Vasyl , Demchyna Lubomyr , Budzulyak Sergiy , Vakhnyak Nadiya , Medvid' Arturs , Dauksta Edvins
Published: July 2015

Semiconductor Hg3In2Te6 crystals and their analogous are solid solutions of In2Te3 and HgTe. Hg3In2Te6 crystals are congruently melted as chemical compound. Like In2Te3 the Hg3In2Te6 crystal has cubic crystal lattice with stoichiometric vacancies in their crystal structure. The electroconductivity, photoconductivity, mechanical, chemical properties of the crystals do not deteriorate after their irradiation by γ-photons with energies up to 1 MeV and doses up to 1018 cm-2 , by electrons with energies up to 300 MeV and doses up to 1019 cm-2 and by mixed reactor irradiation (filtered slow neutrons) with doses up to 1019 cm-2 [1,2]. This feature is determined by high concentration (~1021 cm-3) of stoihiometric vacancies (Vs) in crystal structure, where every third In-cation node is empty. These Vs are electroneutral, they capture all impurity atoms in these crystals and kept them in electroneutral state too. On the other hand this feature doesn't allow to form direct p-n junctions in these crystals by introducing the impurities. However, we have developed p-n junction analogues in form of Schottki diodes and corresponding photodiodes with semitransparent metal layer on single crystal Hg3In2Te6 substrate that allows irradiation to get into active region preserving this way all the advantages compared to p-n junction.
Towards Biotechnological Processing of Calcium Phosphates
Authors: Gross Kārlis
Published: July 2015

Transient or metastable phases offer an intermediate phase with additional flexibility for creating the end product. The processing pathway remains unknown when the final product is viewed. Biological processes frequently employ the amorphous phase as the transition phase. This is shown in mineralized tissues: invertebrates, pathological calcified deposits and murine fetal teeth. After a fast transition from an amorphous calcium phosphate to crystalline material, smaller changes occur over time. For an appreciation of the transition state, crystallinity is defined and measurement methods outlined. Biotechnology using transition material states offers fast, low temperature access to nanosized high temperature phases. Alfa tricalcium phosphate and apatite is made by a phase transition, but peroxyapatite requires long-range diffusion within the same structure. Tetracalcium phosphate is also possible, but this requires multiple transition states and phase decomposition. The pathway via the amorphous state offers an alternative route to biologically important materials.
Formation of Calcium-Deficient Hydroxyapatite via Hydrolysis of Nano-Sized Pure α-Tricalcium Phosphate
Authors: Vecbiskena Linda , Gross Karlis Agris , Riekstina Una , Yang C.K. Thomas
Published: July 2015

Nano-sized pure α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) fabricated by a novel synthesis approach shows great potential for a faster transformation into calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) than conventionally prepared α-TCP. In this work, amorphous tricalcium phosphate precursors were precipitated and treated with a solvent (water or ethanol), and dried (freeze-dried and oven-dried) before heating at 775 °C. Nanosized α-TCP powders were investigated for their phase composition and crystallinity, particle shape and size, reactivity and cellular biocompatibility. Reaction with water showed faster CDHA formation for freeze-dried powder, at 6 hours, compared to ethanol treated powders, whereas a higher biocompatibility was found for pure α-TCP.
Study of Mechanical Properties of Natural and Hybrid Yarns Reinforcements
Authors: Bernava Aina , Manins Maris , Strazds Guntis
Published: July 2015

The present work was focused on development and studies of mechanical properties that natural fibres have in the woven reinforcements made from hemp and flax as well as hybrid yarns of hemp and glass fibres. Natural fibres such as hemp and flax are biodegradable, have low weight and show good flexibility. Glass fibre is widely used in the industry when low cost and good performance is required. The hemp yarns (100 Tex and 1186 Tex), the flax yarns (678 Tex) and the hybrid yarn of hemp and glass fibres (1644 Tex) were used to develop woven reinforcement structures. Average surface density for reinforcements of hemp yarns is 83- 529 g/m2 and for reinforcements of hybrid yarns 738- 741 g/m2.
The Architecture of High-Capacity Storage Systems
Authors: Tibenszkyné Fórika Krisztina
Published: July 2015

The computing industry is one of the fastest growing industries and it is caused by the rapid progression of computer hardware and software technological developments. The high-capacity storage systems become the important element of the network architectures. The network architectures of high-capacity storage systems can be developed by using various, different techniques. The present paper aims to give a review about the storage systems architecture, systematize the various types of connection, and present the significance of virtualization. Based on industry specific literature and on own research, the present paper sets up a clear systematization of these techniques by providing a brief summary of their essence, while also providing examples of their application in different network storages. The present article also provides an insight into the topic of the different connecting types of network systems, while highlighting the importance of virtualization and application of the iSCSI technology. After the explanation of the challenge of redundancies in storage systems, the author outlines the importance of using RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) technology for handling the issue of redundancy
Analysis of the Effectiveness of the FIT (Feed-In Tariff) Mechanism
Authors: Matsuda Satoshi , Kubota Hiroshi
Published: July 2015

In Japan, a policy mechanism called the "Feed-in Tariff (FIT)," which was designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies, was introduced in July 2012. However, thus far, only solar power has been introduced, whereas other renewable energy options such as wind, geothermal or biomass have only made small progress; although, wind power, especially, has been found to have a very large potential for providing electricity in Japan. In addition, the price of electricity will essentially increase as a result of the FIT scheme. This indicates that the FIT may not always be a good option for accelerating the use of renewable energies. This study intends to analyze the effectiveness of the FIT mechanism in Japan and to propose another way to introduce renewable energies through the use of the concept of "marginal cost of power facility." The basic idea of this concept is that the financial resource of a subsidy for renewable energy is neither a tax nor an increase in the price of electricity, but is actually money saved on imported fossil fuels through the utilization of renewable energy.
Tunneling Transport in Quantum Dots Formed by Coupled Dopant Atoms
Authors: Moraru Daniel , Samanta Arup , Tsutaya Takahiro , Takasu Yuki , Mizuno Takeshi , Tabe Michiharu
Published: July 2015

In silicon nanoscale transistors, dopant (impurity) atoms can significantly affect transport characteristics, in particular at low temperatures. Coupling of neighboring dopants in such devices is essential in defining the properties for transport. In this work, we briefly present a comparison of different regimes of inter-dopant coupling, controlled by doping concentration and, to some extent, by selective, local doping. Tunneling-transport spectroscopy can reveal the energy spectrum of isolated dopants and of strongly-coupled dopant atoms. Interactions of multiple-dopants quantum dots (QDs) and satellite individual dopant-traps, as observed in some devices, can provide further information to bridge such inter-dopant coupling regimes for more advanced applications.
Study on Phonon Drag Effect and Phonon Transport in Thin Si-on-Insulator Layers
Authors: Ikeda Hiroya , Oda Takuro , Suzuki Yuhei , Kamakura Yoshinari , Salleh Faiz
Published: July 2015

The Seebeck coefficient of P-doped ultrathin Si-on-insulator (SOI) layers is investigated for the application to a highly-sensitive thermopile infrared photodetector. It is found that the Seebeck coefficient originating from the phonon drag is significant in the lightly doped region and depends on the carrier concentration with increasing carrier concentration above ~5×1018 cm-3. On the basis of Seebeck coefficient calculations considering both electron and phonon distribution, the phonon-drag part of SOI Seebeck coefficient is mainly governed by the phonon transport, in which the phonon-phonon scattering process is dominant rather than the crystal boundary scattering even in the SOI layer with a thickness of 10 nm. This fact suggests that the phonon-drag Seebeck coefficient is influenced by the phonon modes different from the thermal conductivity.
Promotion Effects of La2O3  on Ni/Al2O3 Catalysts for CO2 Methanation
Authors: Chen Wei Chang , Yang Wen , Xing Jian Dong , Liu Lei , Sun Hong Li , Xu Zhen Xin , Luo Shi Zhong , Chu Wei
Published: July 2015

Ni/Al2O3catalysts improved with different La contents were prepared by the conventional co-impregnation method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2adsorption-desorption, H2temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). Catalytic performances for CO2methanation under condition (CO2/H2=4.1:1, 1 atm) were discussed in detail. XRD result demonstrated that the addition of La was in favor of decreasing the Ni particle size and increasing the dispersion of Ni species. The H2-TPR showed that La can change the proportion of various Ni species and increase the content of easily reducible Ni species. These results indicate that La species induce effect, resulting in smaller particle size and weaker interaction between active components and the support, higher dispersions, and reducibility of active phases, ultimately improving catalytic activity of CO2methanation.