bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Megújuló energia átalakulását szabályozó rendelkezések
Authors: Tóth Anett , Bencs Péter
Published: July 2023

Tanulmányunkban a megújuló energiák jelen és jövőbeli elterjedését szabályozó rendelkezéseket gyűjtöttük össze és végeztünk elemző összehasonlítást. Világban történt nagymértékű változások az energiaszektorban nagy lehetőséget jelent a jövőben a megújuló energiák alkalmazásának és nagyobb mértékű elterjedésének. A megújuló energiaforrások környezetvédelmi szempontból kedvezőbb típusainak fejlesztése hosszú távon és minden tekintetben hozzájárul a növekedéshez és munkahelyek teremtéséhez Európában és hazánkban. Nemzeti Fejlesztési Minisztérium kiadta a Nemzeti Energiastratégia (2030) kiadványát, melyben részletesen bemutatásra kerül primer és megújuló energiák jövőben felhasználási lehetőségei, illetve tervezete. A megújuló energiaforrások kapcsán meg kell említeni, hogy a már meglévő jogi támpontok mellett további szempontrendszerre van szükség a gazdasági hátrány csökkentése érdekében (megújuló energiaforrások bekerülési költsége nagyobb, mint a primer energiaforrások esetén), ezzel támogatva a piacnyerésüket, fokozatosan csökkentve a primer energiaforrásokat.
Magas toxikuselem tartalmú szennyvízüledék növényfiziológiai hatásainak vizsgálata
Authors: Tóth Csilla , Vincze György , Vámosi Orsolya
Published: July 2023

Magas toxikuselem tartalmú szennyvízüledék növényfiziológiai és morfológiai hatását vizsgáltuk tápoldaton nevelt kukorica (Zea mays L.), illetve uborka (Cucumis sativus L.) esetében. Az alábbiakra kerestünk választ: (i) hogyan hat az emelkedő toxikuselem koncentráció a csírázására; (ii) van-e különbség egy- és kétszikű növények toxikus elem felvétele között; (iii) hogyan alakul a különböző növényi részek elemtartalma, a gyökér- és hajtásnövekedés intenzitása, a szárazanyag felhalmozása; (iv) van-e hatása a fotoszintetikus aktivitásra, a fotoszintetikus pigmentek mennyiségére; (v) a tesztnövények milyen mértékben képesek védekező mechanizmust kialakítani a toxikus elemek hatásai ellen, van –e különbség stressz-enzimjeik aktivitásában. Megállapítottuk: a magas toxikuselem tartalmú szennyvízüledék erősen gátolja a csírázást; a kukorica az uborkához képest a makro-, mezo- és mikroelemek közül a K-ot, a Mn-t és a B-t jobban akkumulálja a hajtásában; az uborkában a kukoricához képest nagyobb volumenű N, P, Ca, Mg, Fe és Ba akkumuláció figyelhető meg. Kukorica esetében a toxikuselemek zöme (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni) a gyökérben marad, azok kis mértékben mozognak a talaj–növény rendszerben. A Zn és a Cu ugyanakkor mindkét vizsgált növény esetében megjelenik a hajtásban. A Zn biokoncentrációs faktora (BF) a kukorica hajtásában hatszorosa az uborka esetében tapasztaltnak, a Cu BF-értéke az uborka hajtás esetében magasabb. A kukorica esetében a kezelés hatására csökkent a szár hossza, a hajtás nyerstömege, az uborka esetében azok meghaladták a kontroll növények esetében mért értékeket. A kezelés hatására mindkét növény esetében csökkent a gyökérhossz, míg a kukoricánál csökkent, az uborka esetében nőtt a nyerstömege. Mindkét növény esetében megfigyelhető volt a SIMV (stressz-indukált morfogenetikai válaszok) jelensége: a gyökérzet megvastagodott, a gyökér hossza csökkent. Kukorica gyökér száraz tömegének csökkenésének oka feltételezhetően a gyökérben felhalmozott toxikus elemek (Cr, Ni, As, Ba) jelentős mennyisége. Az uborka hajtás száraz tömege azonban majdnem 4%-kal, míg a gyökér száraztömege 23%-kal nőtt. A kukorica esetében nőtt a klorofill-a/klorofill-b arány, mely a fotoszintetikus pigmentrendszerek nem megfelelő működésére utal. Uborkánál a kezelés nem hatott negatívan a fotoszintetikus pigmentrendszerek működésére, ez nagyobb szervesanyag felhalmozásban, száraztömegben realizálódott. A kezelés hatására a „stressz-enzimek” aktivitása megváltozott: a kataláz enzim aktivitása mindkét tesztnövény esetében szoros összefüggést mutatott az akkumulált ólomtartalom alakulásával; a peroxidáz aktivitás alakulása a kukorica esetében szoros korrelációt mutatott a Ba, illetve a vegetatív szervekben akkumulált Zn, Cr, Ni, és As koncentrációval, az uborkánál szoros korrelációt csak az ólom esetében találtunk.
Fenntarthatóság az oktatásban – a puha skillek megítélése hallgatói szemmel
Authors: Zarándné Vámosi Kornélia , Hukné Kiss Szilvia , Kovács Ildikó
Published: July 2023

A gyorsan változó társadalmi és gazdasági tényezők következtében mind az oktatás szereplőinek, mind a munkaerőpiac résztvevőinek dinamikus alkalmazkodó képességre van szükségük. Az új munkakörök tömeges megjelenése, az exponenciálisan fejlődő technikai környezet, az innovatív iparágak létrejötte miatt nemcsak a kemény készségek, hanem a puha készségek munkaerőpiaci igényét is egyre inkább magukkal hozzák. A fenntartható munkahelyek térnyerése és szükségességének felismerése azt okozza, hogy az egyre inkább előtérbe kerül a puha készségek fejlesztésére való igény. Kutatásunk során leendő munkavállalók előfeltevéseit vizsgáltuk a munkaerőpiacon megjelenő legkiemelkedőbb elvárt puha készségekkel kapcsolatban. A kutatás eredményei 218 gazdasági felsőoktatásban tanuló véleményének felmérésén alapulnak. Megerősítést nyertek korábbi eredményeink, amelyek azt mutatták, hogy a puha készségek közül kiemelkedő a motiváció, a szóbeli és írásbeli kommunikációs készségek, valamint a stressztűrő képesség. A hallgatói előfeltevéseket összevetve korábbi menedzserek körében végzett interjús megkérdezések eredményeivel láthatóak azok az eltérések, amelyek arra utalnak, hogy a munkaerőpiaci elvárások és a hallgatói előfeltevések eltérnek egymástól.
Neurális hálózat finomhangolása egy adott adatbázison
Authors: Benkő-Kiss Árpád , Fabulya Zoltán , Hampel György
Published: July 2023

Neurális hálózatok több változata érhető már el melyek egyre több helyen kerülnek gyakorlati alkalmazásra, amikor összefüggéseket keresünk nagyobb adatbázisokban. A számítógépes alkalmazások között a mesterséges neurális hálózatok (Neural Network röviden NN) számos válfaja használatos hétköznapi alkalmazásokban. Ilyen például az ügyfélminősítés, egészségügy, vagy éppen az adatbányászat. Természetesen más-más neurális hálózat típus és algoritmusok használatosak a kép és hang és szövegfeldolgozásban vagy gépi fordításban és mások az egyszerű adatbányászatban, vagy összefüggés keresésben és adatelemzésekben. A python scriptnyelven kifejlesztett grafikus felülettel rendelkező rendszerünket, több különböző méretű valós és generált adatbázison teszteltük, eddig sikerrel. Jelen elemzés célja az, hogyan javítható az előrejelzés pontossága az egyes paraméterek változtatásával (neuronszám, iterációszám stb.) ezáltal hogyan növelhető a hálózat pontossága egy adott adatbázis elemzésekor.
Apego infantil: implicaciones clínicas, neurobiológicas y genéticas
Authors: Camacho Cruz Jhon , Castañeda-Gutiérrez Luz Dary , Serna Ramírez Antonio José , Garavito Acuña Ana María , Gordillo Guerrero Natalia Alexandra , Rodríguez Muñoz Karla Valentina , Espitia Esquivel Daniela Lucia , Rodríguez Martínez Melissa Alejandra , Cedano Nova Angie Lizeth , Martínez Valero Santiago , Méndez Benítez Laura Alejandra , Nieto Aldana Jaime Nicolás , Castillo Natalia
Published: July 2023

Introducción: El término apego en la comunidad médica es poco conocido, sin embargo, cumple un papel de gran   importancia dentro del desarrollo humano ya que está involucrado en la determinación de las características psicológicas y emocionales de los infantes respecto a su personalidad y la consolidación de sus relaciones interpersonales. Objetivo: realizar una revisión narrativa de los tipos de apego, asociaciones clínicas, bases genéticas y neurobiológicas de la formación de un apego seguro e inseguro. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en bases de datos y revistas académicas donde se abarcaron los genes COMT, SLC6A4 - 5 HTTLPR, DRD4, DRD2, OXTR. Resultados: Se encontró que el apego inseguro es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de síntomas depresivos, trastornos del espectro de la psicosis, pensamientos e intentos suicidas, mayor proporción de déficit de atención y uso de sustancias psicoactivas a largo plazo. Conclusiones: la presencia de las variaciones genéticas documentadas no permite establecer una relación directa con el tipo de apego desarrollado y sus consecuencias. Todas las variaciones genéticas guardan un mayor grado de influencia si se acompañan de la presencia de factores ambientales negativos cómo lo es la exposición a madres poco sensibles y otros factores medioambientales como las experiencias adversas de la niñez.
Mechanical and physical properties of cement mixtures for 3D processing
Authors: Litoš Jiří , Šána Vladimír , Uhlík Adam , Kolář Karel , Nguyen Markéta
Published: July 2023

In this paper, information about cementitious composite materials for further 3D processing is discussed and supplemented. Many of the research in this area focuses primarily on cement composites suitable for 3D printing. Nevertheless, 3D printing is not the only robotic processing technique. Another such a technology is modelling with the help of a robotic arm, which can be used to create various elements that fulfil their original but also aesthetic function. The robotic arm creates, using a variety of sculptural or hand tools, a final unique relief of a given element. Three different cement composite mixtures are discussed and their mechanical, physical and thermophysical properties are evaluated. The research aims to investigate and optimise these composites for robotic sculpturingand 3D printing.
A comparative experimental investigation of high-temperature effect on fibre concrete and high strength concrete using UT and CM methods
Authors: Royaei Javad , Sadeghi Kabir , Nouban Fatemeh
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a 28-day compressive strength test has been performed on samples including normal fibre concrete and high-strength concrete. The ultrasonic test (UT) as a non-destructive and compression machine (CM) as a destructive test were applied, and the results were compared. To investigate the effect of temperature, the samples were subjected to 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 degrees Celsius and the exposure time was equal to 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes. Based on the results, it was observed that the minimum error observed between the UT and CM tests was 2.9 % and the maximum error between the two methods was 10.9 %, which shows the high accuracy of the ultrasonic testing method in determining the specimen’s strength. The average probable error of the method is determined to be around 6.8 %.Based on the results of the average decrease in compressive strength versus the heat exposure time, it is observed that the trend of changes and decrease in resistance over time for both types of tests is almost the same and has a negligible difference. At the end of 180 minutes of exposure, the resistance ratio for the ultrasonic test is 69.8 %, and 71.1 % for the compression machine. Furthermore, according to the average reduction in compressive strength due to heat exposure time, it has been observed that the results of the UT and UM tests have slight numerical differences, however, the trend of changes and reduction in resistance over time for both types of tests is almost the same. Finally, the accuracy of the UT in determining the compressive strength of specimens at high temperatures is fully confirmed.
Demand for Informal goods in Africa: Demand System Estimation with Quality Effects and its Limitations
Authors: Wu Kexin
Published: July 2023

The growth of many African Economies is accompanied by an unusual expansion of the informal sector but the demand for informal goods is rarely tested. This study examines the demand for informal goods in Africa, specifically in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2012, using household-level survey data. This paper reviews and summarizes that income inequality, quality preference, and preference for some product-specific characteristics are the main drivers of the demand for informal goods. This paper hypothesizes three channels of demand for informal goods and uses the empirical method in Angus Deaton (2018) to test the hypothesis by estimating expenditure elasticity, price elasticity, and quality elasticity. The results show that the demand for informal goods generally decreases as income increases and income inequality reduces, but this pattern can differ for different categories of goods. The results show that the three channels are likely to be plausible and informal and formal goods can be both substitutes or complements in the final markets. Policies to improve formality may consider the different demand patterns across markets to be more effective. Potential limitations of the method in this specific context and implications for future improvements are discussed. 
Fire in Savannas and its Impact on Avifauna: Considerations for a Better Environmental Conservation
Authors: Nunes Bárbara Beatriz da Silva
Published: July 2023

Savannas are a pyrophytic biome, a biodiversity hotspot, and have global importance, occupying 20% of the Earth's surface. It is a biome that requires burning to maintain its biodiversity and pyrodiversity. It has suffered from altered fire regimes due to the direct and indirect action of factors such as deforestation, agriculture, cattle ranching, and climate change, resulting in habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation. This fact can impact the avifauna, changing population dynamics and distribution in the landscape. Thus, through a literature search, this study evaluated the influences of fire on avifauna populations in savannas. It was found that fire impacts avifauna directly or indirectly and acts positively or negatively, according to the niche of the species evaluated and its intrinsic characteristics. The observed effect will depend on the fire detection ability, locomotion capacity, species, habit, functional guild, demographic parameters, resource availability, post-disturbance successional evolution, dispersal ability, and the geographic scale of the area affected by the fire. The main impacts observed for this clade are indirect effects, and its most negatively impacted populations are the ratites and those with poor locomotion ability. Despite the many gaps in knowledge about the impact of fire on the population parameters of avifauna, studies that focus on community dynamics indicate that, in general, there are few changes in richness and abundance indices. Thus, a greater understanding of the consequences of fire on birds is necessary to support better the actions of the Integrated Fire Management Program and its expansion throughout the Brazilian territory in search of quality, dynamic, and integrated environmental management.
Pozycja ustrojowa notariatu na gruncie prawa o notariacie z 24 maja 1989 roku
Authors: Woś Tomasz
Published: July 2023

Celem artykułu jest określenie pozycji ustrojowej notariatu na gruncie prawa o notariacie z 24 maja 1989 r. Nowa regulacja była aktem przełomu ustrojowego i stanowiła pierwszy krok w kierunku powrotu do tradycji notariatu wykształconych w Polsce w okresie międzywojennym. Rozwiązania ustrojowe prawa o notariacie z 1989 r. stanowiły kompromis między dążeniami notariuszy a stanowiskiem władz, określonym ówczesną sytuacją polityczną. Do najważniejszych osiągnięć tego prawa należy zaliczyć określenie expressis verbis w art. 1 § 2 notariusza jako osoby zaufania publicznego, reaktywowanie samorządu notarialnego oraz umożliwienie tworzenia indywidualnych kancelarii notarialnych. Powołana Rada do Spraw Notariuszy przy Ministrze Sprawiedliwości była pierwszym od lat centralnym organem samorządowym notariuszy umożliwiającym wyrażanie ich opinii i propozycji w ważnych dla notariatu sprawach. Po początkowych trudnościach związanych z ustaleniem systemu finansowania indywidualnych kancelarii notarialnych ta forma organizacyjna działalności notariatu stała się popularna, co świadczyło o jednoznacznej woli notariuszy odejścia od modelu notariatu państwowego.
Deportacja we francuskich legislacjach czasów ancien régime’u świetle wielowiekowej tradycji instytucjonalnej
Authors: Wiązek Paweł
Published: July 2023

Artykuł jest poświęcony instytucji deportacji, głównie we francuskim systemie prawnym i rzeczywistości politycznej doby monarchii absolutnej. Deportacja nie jest pojęciem jednoznacznym. Nie jest też jednolicie definiowaną instytucją prawną. Zarówno jej obecność i uzasadnienie, jak i kształt materialnoprawny oraz jego proceduralna oprawa są wypadkową wielu czynników i okoliczności, które determinują zwłaszcza tradycja, mentalność, system polityczny, a także warunki geograficzne, związane z terytorialną strukturą państwa. Instytucja ta nie była oryginalną konstrukcją prawa francuskiego, choć na przestrzeni wieków, w szczególnych okolicznościach politycznych burzliwych dziejów francuskiej państwowości, nabierała specyficznych cech. Komparatystyczna metoda eksploracji i kilkusetletnia perspektywa temporalna umożliwiły obserwację ewolucji tej instytucji prawnej oraz ocenę jej w formie wniosków de lege lata i de lege ferenda.
Autotematyzm out of the blue. Kilka uwag o poezji Julii Hartwig na marginesie wiersza Reprymenda
Authors: Grądziel-Wójcik Joanna
Published: July 2023

The article discusses different variants of metareflection in Julia Hartwig’s poetry, situating them against the background of a comprehensive concept of the poet’s work. The analysis of her poem Reprymenda [Reprimand] gives rise to a proposal of authotematism specific to Hartwig’s poetry, here called ‘out of the blue’ autothematism and contrasted with the concept of avant-garde poetry. This metapoetic formula is then extended to other texts in the volume Jasne niejasne [Bright Unclear], in which the mimetic aspect of literature in particular is problematised and the ethical dimension of Hartwig’s oeuvre is highlighted.
Serdeczne idiomy w listach Wisławy Szymborskiej i Kornela Filipowicza
Authors: Wojda Dorota
Published: July 2023

The correspondence between Wisława Szymborska and Kornel Filipowicz, which has been published in the book Listy. Najlepiej w życiu ma Twój kot (2016), is interpreted in this paper as a love discourse with the use of private idioms. This creates a poetics of the cryptogram, enigmatic to others, yet clear to the correspondents who combine epistolography, applied arts, literature, and life into one whole. The main means of this poetics is the recontextualization in which the writers perform  different roles and move between them. This is related to creating of the text as theatre, which characterizes Szymborska’s poetry in particular as a modern lyric of the mask and role. The violation of the borders between various fields of art and life is done in these letters through collages, stickers, and ready mades that engage not only mind but also body, allowing to hide feelings behind a masquerade, at the same time conveying what is inexpressible.
Klaudian i jego tajemnica
Authors: Wesołowska Elżbieta
Published: July 2023

The aim of this chapter is to present the mythological poem by Claudianus about Proserpine’s kidnapping and marriage. The poem still encourage the scholars to discussion about its aim and the state of its preservation. I will also focus my attention to the intratextual as well intertextual connections joining the poem with itself and the wide ancient tradition. I will propose two very hypothetical lines of interpretation concerning the De raptu Proserpinae.
Tajemnice Września
Authors: Karolak Sylwia
Published: July 2023

The author indicates that a research reflection on the civilian experience of September 1939, as recorded in the pages of Polish literature, will make it possible to complete the picture that emerges from previous analyses, dominated by the soldier’s, military experience. This work requires a broader view of the events of the beginning of the war, going beyond the meanings and time defined by military actions. Seen in this way, literary September appears as an as yet undiscovered mystery.
Odkrywanie tajemnicy – rozwiązywanie zagadki. O scenariuszu telewizyjnego serialu kryminalnego (na przykładzie serialu Rojst
Authors: Otto Wojciech
Published: July 2023

Authors of the series use various scenario techniques, creating the aesthetics of a black retro-crime with consciously developed allusions to the end of the communist era in Poland. They concern: space-time, dramaturgy, props, characters and the audio sphere. Their message is, on the one hand, an expression of a certain nostalgia for the lost time, and on the other, a kind of resentment with historically deepened criticism of the reality of the time. Solving a criminal mystery becomes at the same time uncovering the mystery of a double murder and a double suicide, it also refers to a mystery from many years ago, connected by the thread of romance.
Pomiędzy bestsellerem a poetologią. O aurze dzieła, dyskrecji wobec czytelnika i tajemnicy formy na przykładzie noweli Siegfrieda Lenza Minuta ciszy (2008)
Authors: Denka Andrzej
Published: July 2023

Siegfried Lenz’s novella (2008, English edition 2009) has not only been appreciated by literary critics, but also turned out to be a great bestseller. The novella is a frequent subject of research analysis, es- pecially in terms of its location in the tradition of German and world novella writing. This diversity of reception is astonishing and presents an interesting phenomenon. The novella tells a banal love story, but through an intentional silence and a series of intertextual tropes it also creates mysteriousness. The analysis proposed here is based on Walter Benjamin’s notion of “aura” in the 1930s. From today’s point of view, this concept requires a few additions, primarily from the perspective of systems theory. As it turns out this concept can be applied both to the content of the novella and to the strategy of literary criticism, as well as to explain the role of form and context in the personal perception of the text.
Proces twórczy i sekrety błędów
Authors: Dziadek Adam
Published: July 2023

This text presents a very special creative process, which is an absolute exception in world literature. It is about the formation of My Century by Aleksander Wat and about various types of errors that were revealed during the preparation of the new edition of this work. The errors that appear in previous editions of My Century are of a varied nature. These are primarily “memory errors” of the author himself, there are also errors resulting from faulty listening to the recordings or technical faults in several recordings, and finally errors that are difficult to classify and explain, and which may be associated with exceptional difficulties with establishing the facts.
Sekrety literatury i głód wtajemniczenia
Authors: Tischner Łukasz
Published: July 2023

This article concerns secrets and secrecy in narrative works. The author, following in the footsteps of Auerbach and Kermode, argues that secrets should be understood as discontinuous places, gaps that demand to be filled. Auerbach and Kermode pointed to the biblical origins of the secret narrative. The latter in The Genesis of Secrecy. On the Interpretation of Narrative noted that secrets presuppose a mode of initiation – this was the case in the gospel of St Mark he analysed, addressed to believers. However, this sender’s intention also appears in strictly literary texts that operate the convention of the secret. This article refers to four twentieth-century Polish narrative texts that use elements of secrecy in different ways. Mrożek’s Moniza Clavier conceals the confabulatory character of the first-person statement, Miłosz’s Dolina Issy and Gombrowicz’s Kosmos conceal the deeply autobiographical character of the reflection on individual fate, while the narrative in Lem’s Solarisactivates the possibility of ‘vertical reading’, referring to the concept of some absolute. Secrets in literary texts tend to be secularized versions of religious narratives addressed to the initiated, and the promise of an integration of discontinuous places attracts sceptics and believers.
Floristic similarity of lycophytes and ferns in the Amazonia/Cerrado transition zone in the central region of northern Maranhão state, Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro da Silva Junior Wagner , Prado Jefferson , Coelho Ferreira Alessandro Wagner , Cassiano de Oliveira Hermeson
Published: July 2023

Floristic similarity studies make it possible to compare species richness between different phytophysiognomies and to assess whether species are typical of a phytophysiognomies or if they are common to two or more phytophysiognomies. The Immediate Geographic Region of São Luís (IGR), in the central region of northern Maranhão, is characterized by the presence of Amazonia, Cerrado, and coastal vegetation phytophysiognomies. The objectives of this work were to verify if the fern and lycophyte species in the IGR are similar to those in another Amazonia and Cerrado phytophysiognomies in Maranhão and Brazil. Sixty-three species of lycophytes and ferns were identified, with a predominance of individuals in the families Pteridaceae and Polypodiaceae. A similarity analysis indicated the study area has a greater affinity with the Amazonia. This is the first floristic similarity study that emphasizes ferns and lycophytes in Maranhão. However, the scarcity of floristic surveys in Maranhão and other ecotonal areas in Brazil hindered a more complex analysis of the floristic similarity of these phytophysiognomies.
The development of an instrument for measuring teachers’ and students’ beliefs about differentiated instruction and teaching in heterogeneous chemistry classrooms
Authors: Easa Enas , Blonder Ron
Published: July 2023

Diversity and differences between students are the reality that teachers deal with daily. To address this reality, developments in education aim to provide teachers with the knowledge and requisite skills needed for differentiated instruction (DI). DI is a pedagogical-didactic approach that enables teachers to systematically address students’ diverse learning needs. However, no validated instruments currently exist to measure or evaluate teachers’ and students’ beliefs toward DI in chemistry. Hence, there is a need to develop such questionnaires to examine students’ and teachers’ sense of self-efficacy (SE) and attitudes (AT). We describe the development and validation processes of such questionnaire that have been developed based on relevant literature on DI and on teachers’ experience with DI in a heterogeneous classroom. The items were validated by experts’ panel, a readability test, and a field test. A confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken to investigate the factor structure of the teachers and students’ questionnaires based on pilot test reliability, Cronbach’s alpha revisions, and rerun alpha. As a result, the SE and AT of students towards DI instrument entailed 38 items with a five-factor structure indicating a high reliability. Three factors of attitudes, (α) = 0.98, and two factors of self-efficacy, (α) = 0.91. The SE and AT of teachers entailed 55 items with a five-factor structure indicating a high reliability of self-efficacy, (α) = 0.95 and of attitudes towards DI in heterogeneous chemistry classrooms, (α) = 0.93.
Interpretation of aeromagnetic and remote sensing data of Auchi and Idah sheets of the Benin-arm Anambra basin: Implication of mineral resources
Authors: Oni Olubukola A. , Alimi Sodiq A. , Aizebeokhai Ahzegbobor P. , Boyo Henry O.
Published: July 2023

The need for mineral resources for economic development is key in both developing and developed countries. However, miners usually resort to random excavation of mineral deposits without proper investigation to identify structures of interest in target areas. This usually leads to land depletion and abandonment. The aim of this study is to assess the mineral potential in part of the Benin-arm of the Anambra basin by investigating the geophysical characteristics of the area using remote sensing and aeromagnetic data. Surface and subsurface regional structures, including faults and zones of mineralisation, were mapped by integrating aeromagnetic and remote sensing data. The mineral bearing zones that show high prospects of mineral deposits in the region were identified. The rose diagram revealed that the surface lineaments are aligned in the NW–SE, N–S, NE–SW, E–W, NNE–SSW, ENE–WSW, and ESE–WNW directions. The orientations of the subsurface lineaments are aligned mostly in the NE–SW, N–S, and E–W directions. The magnetic intensity ranged between −431.38 and 399.82 nT, while reduction-to-pole magnetic intensity ranged from –416 to 664.45 nT. The first vertical derivative showed magnetic intensity which ranged from –0.5863 to 0.9060 nT/km2. The total horizontal derivative magnetic intensity ranged from –0.00031 to 0.762691 nT/km2, while the analytic signal showed magnetic intensity ranging from 14.0664 to 394,607.3438 nT/cm2. The windowed Euler deconvolution depth to magnetic source showed depth range of <20 to 2,000 m. Many of the features delineated in the study area were characterised by shallow magnetic source depths (<500 m); this is a common characteristic of basement complex terrains. Deeper magnetic source depths (>1,000 m) were observed in the sedimentary terrain. Mineral exploration should be focused in areas with high lineament concentration, as lineaments are potential conduits for economic minerals deposition.
‘No One Was As Great As Abraham’: Exemplarity and the Failure of Hermeneutical Refiguration in Fear and Trembling
Authors: Highlen Jared
Published: July 2023

In this paper I put forward a new interpretation of the “Exordium” and “Eulogy for Abraham” sections in Fear and Trembling. It reads them in tension, as mutually incompatible approaches to the biblical narrative of Abraham. I argue this tension is productive insofar as it reveals and critiques the failure of each section to respond to Abraham as a religious exemplar of faith. Drawing on the work of Paul Ricœur, I argue that this failure consists in the absence of the hermeneutical moment of refiguration, which takes up what is understood in the narrative in the lived experience of the reader. By enacting this irreconcilable contrast within his text, Silentio poses a hermeneutical critique of faith by highlighting the importance of narrative refiguration in the life of faith, that is, the lived experience of those who understand Abraham to be a religious exemplar.
Seeing as the Eccentric Lover: An Exploration into Vision, Forgiveness, and Anamorphic Dynamic in Kierkegaard’s “Love Hides a Multitude of Sins”
Authors: Nowachek Matthew T.
Published: July 2023

In this essay I explore Kierkegaard’s description of the vision of the lover carrying out the work of love in forgiveness in “Love Hides a Multitude of Sins.” I do so by turning to the notion of anamorphosis with the associated movement, (dis)position, and eccentricity involved in reconstitution of an anamorphic image. My argument is not only that such a dynamic can be seen in Kierkegaard’s deliberation, but also that drawing the connection between anamorphosis and Kierkegaard’s account highlights the movement and disposition involved in forgiveness as well as the manner by which the forgiving lover becomes an eccentric.
Between Mood and Spirit: Kierkegaard’s Conception of Death as the Teacher of Earnestness
Authors: Strawser Michael
Published: July 2023

How are we to understand the earnest thought of death as developed in Kierkegaard’s discourse “At a Graveside”? Through a careful examination of this signed writing, I shall argue that readers nevertheless encounter an indirect, un-authorized discourse, which presents the occasion for both a variety of moods and the cultivation of spirit. The thought of death calls forth either a certain negative mood or presents a call to action for the good. However, this distinction is problematic insofar as we consider the textuality of Kierkegaard’s discourse, which leaves existing individuals always caught in between the dialectic of mood and spirit.
Study on Birkhoff orthogonality and symmetry of matrix operators
Authors: Wei Yueyue , Ji Donghai , Tang Li
Published: July 2023

We focus on the problem of generalized orthogonality of matrix operators in operator spaces. Especially, on

ℬ

(

l

1

n

,

l

p

n

)

(

1
≤
p
≤
∞

)

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({l}_{1}^{n},{l}_{p}^{n})\left(1\le p\le \infty )

, we characterize Birkhoff orthogonal elements of a certain class of matrix operators and point out the conditions for matrix operators which satisfy the Bhatia-Šemrl property. Furthermore, we give some conclusions which are related to the Bhatia-Šemrl property. In a certain class of matrix operator space, such as

ℬ

(

l

∞

n

)

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({l}_{\infty }^{n})

, the properties of the left and right symmetry are discussed. Moreover, the equivalence condition for the left symmetry of Birkhoff orthogonality of matrix operators on

ℬ

(

l

p

n

)

(

1
<
p
<
∞

)

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({l}_{p}^{n})\left(1\lt p\lt \infty )

is obtained.
LncRNA CASC15 inhibition relieves renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy through down-regulating SP-A by sponging to miR-424
Authors: Li Hui , Hao Jian , Yu Weimin
Published: July 2023

Study has demonstrated the abnormal expression and role of lncRNA CASC15 in diabetes patients with chronic renal failure. However, its role in diabetes nephropathy (DN) is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism and role of lncRNA CASC15 in DN. The relationship between miR-424 and CASC15/SP-A was predicted by Starbase software and verified by luciferase reporter assay. HK-2 cells were treated with 25 mM glucose (HG) for 24 h to establish DN cell model. MTT and flow cytometry analysis were carried out to test cell proliferation and apoptosis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blot assay. We proved that CASC15 could interact with miR-424, and SP-A was a target of miR-424. HG-treatment significantly enhanced lncRNA CASC15 level and decreased miR-424 level in HK-2 cells. LncRNA CASC15-siRNA significantly improved cell viability, repressed apoptosis, promoted E-cadherin expression, and inhibited N-cadherin expression in HG-treated HK-2 cells, and these effects were reversed by miR-424 inhibitor. SP-A was highly expressed in HG-treated HK-2 cells. The biological effects of miR-424 mimic on HG-treated HK-2 cells were reversed by SP-A-plasmid. In conclusion, lncRNA CASC15 inhibition relieved HG-induced HK-2 cell injury and EMT through miR-424/SP-A axis.
Role of localized magnetic field in vortex generation in tri-hybrid nanofluid flow: A numerical approach
Authors: Ahmad Shabbir , Takana Hidemasa , Ali Kashif , Akhtar Yasmeen , Hassan Ahmed M. , Ragab Adham E.
Published: July 2023

Tri-hybrid nanofluid (THNF) can achieve a higher heat transfer rate than conventional hybrid nanofluid by combining three different nanoparticles with synergistic effects. It can have more diverse physical and thermal properties by choosing different combinations of nanoparticles. That is why it has more potential applications in various fields such as solar thermal, biomedical, and industrial processes. On the other hand, vortices are circular motions of liquid or gas that occur when there is a velocity difference. They are important for understanding how fluids mix and transport mass. They can be found in nature, such as in tornadoes and hurricanes. The aim of the current study is to mainly investigate the complex interaction of Lorentz force with the tri-hybrid nanoparticles inside a lid-driven square cavity. It can be seen that the magnetic field has caused the evolution of new vortices (which are very important while analyzing any flow model due to their importance in interpreting fluid mixing and mass transport phenomena) in the flow field, thus adding much more significance to our work. Most of the scientific literature is enriched with investigations dealing with the problems assuming a uniform magnetic field occupying the flow field, but in this research, a vertical strip of magnetism within the flow field will be introduced. It may be the first effort to interpret the role of the applied magnetic field in the formation of the new vortices in the flow field. A single-phase model is utilized to describe THNF whereas a numerical solution to the governing differential equations has been obtained by employing an algorithm based on the central difference discretization and the alternating direction implicit method. The analysis reveals that the magnetic field intensity may result in up to 13 and 119% increase in the skin friction and Nusselt number, respectively. Similarly, a remarkable change in the Nusselt number and the skin friction is also observed by raising the Reynolds number Re. Moreover, the localization or confinement of the magnetic field does not always increase or decrease the Nusselt number. Thus, it is concluded that there will be a certain width of the magnetic corridor for which the Nusselt number would be optimal. Further, the THNF containing Al2O3, Ag, and TiO2 outperforms in terms of enhancing the average Nusselt number, compared to the simple nanofluid containing the abovementioned particles.
An experimental study of bending resistance of multi-size PFRC beams
Authors: Liang Ninghui , Yang Xin , Hu Yang
Published: July 2023

To study the effects of macro- and micro-fiber on the concrete beams, bending resistance tests were conducted on the polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete beams. Stepwise loaded tests were carried out to obtain the load–deflection curves for different test pieces, cracking load values of the first inclined crack, recording and depicting crack development, changes in mid-span deflection of the test pieces, load–strain relationships of concrete, etc. The crack patterns and failure modes were observed. The research findings have shown that the ultimate load of the concrete beams doped with multi-size polypropylene fiber is 58.31 and 34.08% higher than that of ordinary concrete beams and concrete beams with single macro-fiber, respectively. Notably, the ultimate anti-bending bearing capacity of the beams significantly improves following the addition of macro-fiber. Polypropylene fiber can offset the defects caused by macro-fiber, remarkably suppress the development of cracks, and control the deformation of beams due to the effects of micro-fiber of different dimensions.
Morphological classification method and data-driven estimation of the joint roughness coefficient by consideration of two-order asperity
Authors: Hu Yunpeng , Feng Wenkai , Li Wenbin , Yi Xiaoyu , Liu Kan , Ye Longzhen , Zhao Jiachen , Lu Xianjing , Zhang Ruichao
Published: July 2023

The roughness of the joint surface plays a significant role in evaluating the shear strength of rock. The waviness (first-order) and unevenness (second-order) of natural joints have different effects on the characterization of joint surface roughness. To accurately quantify the influence of the two-order asperity on the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) prediction of joint surface profile curve, the optimal sampling interval of the asperity was determined through the change of theRp{R}_{{\rm{p}}}value of the joint surface profile curve. The separation of the two-order asperity of 48 joint surface profile curves was completed at the optimal sampling interval, and morphological parameters of the asperity such asiave{i}_{{\rm{ave}}},Rmax{R}_{{\rm{\max }}}, andRp{R}_{{\rm{p}}}were counted from three aspects: asperity angle of the profile curve, asperity degree, and the trace length. Based on the statistical results of the morphological parameters considering the two-order asperity, the new nonlinear prediction models were proposed. The results showed that the curve slope mutation point SI = 2 mm is the optimal separation distance of the two-order asperity of the joint surface profile curve. The refined separation method that considers the waviness and unevenness of morphological parameters can characterize the detailed morphological features of the joint surface in more dimensions. The support vector regression (SVR) and random forest (RF) models that take into account a two-order asperity separated results have higher accuracy than traditional models. The prediction accuracy has improved by 7–8% in SVR model compared with SVR(SO) and RF(SO). The SVR nonlinear model that considering separation of two-orders of joint surface roughness is more suitable for the prediction of JRC.
Teaching Philosophy: Finding a Balance between the Factors that Motivate Philosophy, Students’ Imagination, and their Interests
Authors: Iannone Abel Pablo
Published: July 2023

This paper asks: What is philosophy and what are some current challenges and future prospects for pursuing and teaching it? What role can and should students’ imagination, interests, and circumstances play in addressing these challenges and prospects? It argues, first, that there are at least six senses of the term “philosophy”: the personal, social, branch of inquiry, theory, school of thought, and wise sayings senses; second, that a variety of stimuli contribute to motivate philosophy in all of its senses. Third, it argues that teaching philosophy involves not just teaching one or more philosophies historically held, nor just partially or totally defending one or another of these philosophies; but also engaging in the third sense of “philosophy” above listed: philosophy as a branch of inquiry. Finally, the paper argues that by relying on the interests of philosophy learners that match the stimuli motivating philosophy, philosophy teaching sensitizes philosophy learners to the grounds that make this investigation viable and promising, and motivates them to engage in it.
Optimal system of solution using group invariance technique for shock wave in a non-ideal self-gravitating gas in rotating medium in presence of magnetic field
Authors: Nath Gorakh , Maurya Abhay
Published: July 2023

This work demonstrates the study of the optimal system of solutions for shock wave propagation in a non-ideal self-gravitating gas in rotating medium with magnetic field (axial or azimuthal) for the adiabatic flow in cylindrical geometry by applying the group invariance technique. Using the group invariance technique, we have obtained the one-dimensional (1-D) optimal system of sub-algebra for the basic governing equations. The infinitesimal group optimal classes are obtained and the similarity solution in four possible cases (two cases for perfect gas and two cases for non-ideal gas) with exponential law shock path are discussed. The numerical solution by using the Runge Kutta 4th order method is obtained and the distribution of physical variables are shown via graph. The impact of the rotational parameter, non-idealness parameter, shock Cowling number, similarity exponent and gravitational parameter on the strength of the shock and flow variables are investigated. With an increase in the shock Cowling number, non-idealness and rotational parameters, the shock strength decreases, i.e., they have decaying impact on shock wave; whereas the shock strength increases with gravitational parameter and similarity exponent. Also, the strength of the shock is reduced by considering the magnetic field to be axial instead of azimuthal.
Artificial Intelligence in Teledentistry
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India, Batra Panchali , Tagra Himanshu ,   HCL Technologies Ltd, New Delhi, India, Katyal Sakshi ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
Published: July 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has grown tremendously in the past decade. The application of AI in teledentistry can reform the way dental care, dental education, research, and subsequent innovations can happen remotely. Machine learning including deep learning-based algorithms can be developed to create predictive models of risk assessment for oral health related conditions, consequent complications, and patient stratification. Patients can be empowered to self-diagnose and apply preventive measures or selfmanage some early stages of dental diseases. Applications of AI in teledentistry can be beneficial for both the dental surgeon and the patient. AI enables better remote screening, diagnosis, record keeping, triaging, and monitoring of dental patients based on smart devices. This will take away rudimentary cases requiring run-of-the-mill treatments from dentists and enable them to concentrate on highly complex cases. This would also enable the dentists to serve a larger and deprived population in inaccessible areas. Its usage in teledentistry can bring a paradigm shift from curative to preventive personalised approach in dentistry. A strong asset to teledentistry could be a robust and comprehensive feedback mechanism routed through various channels proposed in this paper. This paper discusses the application of AI in teledentistry and proposes a feedback mechanism to enhance performance in teledentistry.
Proximal myopathy: causes and associated conditions
Authors:   Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Rao Amina , Nawaz Iqra ,   Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Arbi Fawad Mueen ,   Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Ishtiaq Rizwan ,   St. Francis Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
Published: July 2023

Proximal myopathy presents as generalized muscle weakness commonly involving the muscles of upper and/or lower limbs. Toxins, long-term use of statins, corticosteroids, alcohol, SGLT2 inhibitors, COVID19 vaccination, and antimalarials have been attributed to its development. In endocrine and metabolic disorders, adrenal dysfunction including both overproduction and insufficiency of the adrenal gland hormones has been reported to cause myopathy. Moreover, parathyroid and thyroid disorders along with pituitary gland disorders can also directly or indirectly contribute to this condition. In idiopathic inflammatory myopathies including polymyositis, dermatomyositis, inclusion body myositis (IBM), and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren’s Syndrome, and overlap syndromes, moderate to severe muscle weakness has been observed. IBM has been reported to be the most prevalent acquired myopathy above the age of 50. Hereditary or congenital myopathies include limb girdle muscular dystrophies, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy, and proximal myotonic myopathy. In addition to these, glycogen storage diseases such as the McArdle disease can also cause fast exhaustion, myalgia, and cramping in working muscles. It is pertinent to mention here that a class of hereditary metabolic myopathies, referred to as "lipid deposition myopathy" causes lipids to accumulate in skeletal muscle fibers, leading to lesions and degeneration. Among viral causes, HIV, dengue virus, influenza virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, SARS-CoV2 are also associated with muscle weakness. Sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disease, can also manifest as muscle weakness and myalgia. Owing to this complicated pathophysiology of proximal myopathy, this review aims to summarize the existing literature on conditions associated with this phenomenon and other recent developments that have been made regarding events leading to development of generalized muscle weakness. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first narrative review that discusses causes and conditions associated with proximal myopathy in thorough detail.