bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conservation organisation’s approach to COVID-19: Lessons learned from Madagascar
Authors: Leeney Ruth H. , Raveloson Herinjaka , Antion Paul , Mohan Vik
Published: November 2022

Blue Ventures (BV) works holistically with communities in Madagascar, developing transformative approaches to catalyse and sustain locally led marine conservation. In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, BV’s priority was to safeguard the immediate wellbeing and livelihoods of as many communities as possible, recognising that livelihoods are integral to broader well-being. This article describes in detail BV’s health response and the perceptions of BV’s Madagascar team regarding the successes and challenges of this effort. As a result of the combined efforts of BV teams across Madagascar and in the United Kingdom, the existing healthcare services at BV’s sites were maintained, and messages about recognising and dealing with COVID-19 and the importance of vaccination were conveyed to communities that might otherwise not have received comprehensive information. Data were also collected on suspected cases in areas where testing was not available, and outbreaks of suspected COVID-19 cases were managed. Because BV’s teams are embedded within the communities where they work, they maintain strong relationships with communities and conveyed important messages around reducing the spread of COVID-19, not only via activities in response to the pandemic but also through activities for other programmes such as fisheries and livelihoods. Blue Ventures’ holistic approach ensured that the organisation had a multidimensional understanding of the impacts of the pandemic on communities, facilitating the development of more relevant messaging that considered both safety and the need for continued income-generating activities. Staff felt that an effective public health response was facilitated by strong in-country partnerships and BV’s long-standing presence in communities.Contribution: The challenges in responding to the pandemic and in implementing and maintaining effective behaviour change are discussed. Although not an objective study of the effectiveness of the response or a comparison with other approaches, the lessons learned from this process are shared in the hope that they may inform responses to future shocks in low-income countries.
Socio-economic impact of COVID-19 on rural livelihoods in Mbashe Municipality
Authors: Khowa Thandeka , Cimi Anelisiwe , Mukasi Tafadzwa
Published: November 2022

The study sought to examine the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the socioeconomic livelihoods of rural communities by focusing on the Good Hope community under Mbashe Municipality. A qualitative research methodology was employed through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The study sought to examine the impact and survival strategies employed by the Good Hope community with the outbreak of the coronavirus, which has widely affected the world since 2019. The study further aimed to examine the role of the South African government in assisting rural communities since the outbreak of the coronavirus.Contribution: The study’s findings highlight the lack of proper intervention strategies employed by the government in assisting rural communities. Communities including Good Hope have been hard hit by the pandemic and continue to suffer under the implemented lockdown regulations imposed by all governments globally.
Contending for the designs and features of integrated development planning in South Africa? An empirical analysis of the Limpopo Province
Authors: Munzhedzi Pandelani H. , Phago Kedibone , Mubangizi Betty
Published: November 2022

Background: The Sphere of Local Government in South Africa serves a pertinent role of realising the provision of basic municipal services. In this case, the legislative interventions consider it mandatory for every municipality to develop integrated development plans (IDPs) to facilitate their developmental agendas. These municipalities are required to undertake approval process of IDPs to eventually generate measurable municipal agenda as the basis for basic municipal service delivery.Aim: This empirical study sought to analyse contentious issues regarding the structural design and operational features of the IDP process.Setting: Some municipalities in the Limpopo Province were selected for case study purpose where data were collected. This was in two district municipalities.Methods: Semi-structured interviews with adept municipal officials and councillors as well as surveys with some members of the community were conducted to gather relevant data so that informed analysis could be generated.Results: The findings highlight that the fundamental challenges of designs and features manifest on both the development and the implementation parts of the IDP process.Conclusion: It is therefore proposed, on the one hand, that there is a need to strengthen municipal capacity building for officials to facilitate an effective IDP process. On the other hand, municipal councils are considered necessary to have the capacity to undertake their oversight role over the municipal executive and functions in driving the IDP process agenda. In this way, a remedial consideration suitable for various categories of municipalities should be introduced.Contribution: No contentious issues regarding the structural design and operational features of the integrated development planning process was discovered and also demonstrates that there is no one-size-fits-all regarding municipal planning and implementation.
Evaluation of factors associated with medical male circumcision in South Africa: A case-control study
Authors: Okhue Sylvester O. , Mash Robert J.
Published: November 2022

Background: The World Health Organization recommends medical male circumcision (MMC) to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). More research is needed in South Africa on factors influencing the uptake of MMC.Aim: To evaluate factors associated with uptake of MMC.Setting: Diepsloot, Johannesburg, South Africa.Methods: An observational case-control study. Cases (men attending a private general practice (GP) offering free MMC) were compared to controls (uncircumcised men attending a local shopping mall) for a variety of demographic, sociocultural and financial factors. Factors were analysed using bivariate and multiple-variable binary forward logistic regression with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences.Results: There were 350 cases and 350 controls. Four factors were associated with the uptake of MMC: being a student (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 6.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29–17.26), attending a mainline Christian denomination (AOR 2.85, 95% CI: 1.39–5.78), speaking an African language other than Zulu (range of AORs: 2.5–6.8, p 0.05) and being South African (AOR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.58–3.96). MMC was associated with feeling susceptible to HIV, seeing it as a serious health problem and being encouraged by partners. Men who were sterilised, not sexually active and without symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection felt less susceptible. Other barriers included the pain of the procedure, indirect costs, anticipated impact on sexual activity, lack of information, cultural beliefs, embarrassment and access to health services.
Failed tracheal intubation in primary health care
Authors: Govender Indiran , Nzaumvila Doudou K. , Maphasha Olga M.
Published: November 2022

Tracheal intubation in primary health care is a necessary skill and usually one that is necessary for appropriate emergency management of unstable patients. Primary care practitioners may not have an anaesthetist or critical care doctor available to help them in these emergencies and must manage these patients themselves. Often tracheal intubation may fail because of multiple possible factors and a different course of action may be needed to minimise the potential for harm to the patient. The primary care professional or family physician will have to manage this failed intubation. Primary health care facilities providing obstetric services must have guidelines and appropriate equipment for management of airway problems. This article will explore reasons for the failure of tracheal intubation and how this can be managed.
A survey of communication supports in Grade R classrooms in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Kathard Harsha , Parusnath Prianka , Thabane Lehana , Pillay Mershen , Jing Hu Zheng , Le Roux Jane , Harty Michal , O Carrol Shelley , Mallick Rizwana B.
Published: November 2022

Background: Early classroom communication supports are critical in influencing oral language development and emergent literacy skills. It is both support from peers and adults, as well as the environment that impacts the quality and efficacy of language learning. Schools in particular play a key role in communication development, which will be further explored in this article.Objectives: To describe how communication was being supported in the classroom by teachers in the areas of language-learning environment (LLE), language-learning interactions (LLIs) and language-learning opportunities (LLOs) to focus on classroom communication supports to strengthen literacy outcomes for Grade R learners.Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of classrooms was conducted using a structured observation method in 136 classrooms. The Communication Supporting Classroom Observation Tool was used to make 223 observations across classrooms of LLE (19 items), LLI (20 items) and LLO (5 items). A descriptive analysis of frequency of occurrence of items was conducted for each domain.Results: Language-learning environment had more frequently occurring observations, with 12 out of 19 items being observed with a frequency of occurrence greater than 65%, indicating that the environment had adequate basic resources (e.g. good light). Language-learning interactions scores indicated that 3 out of 20 items were observed frequently, while 17 out of 20 items were observed less frequently (56.5%), including interactive strategies (e.g. turn-taking). Language Learning Opportunities scores indicated that teacher-led behaviours (e.g. including children in small group activities) were infrequently observed on all items.Conclusion: While the physical environment was generally supportive, the behaviours in the interactive domains of LLI and LLO were observed less frequently. There is potential for speech–language therapists to work collaboratively with teachers to develop communication supporting classrooms as a critical primary-level intervention for language-literacy learning.
Teaching English home language to foundation phase learners from diverse backgrounds
Authors: Mtshali Zanele , Mashiya Nontokozo
Published: November 2022

Background: Teaching English as home language (EHL) could be a complicated process in a country like South Africa, where there are eleven official languages operating in a multicultural society. This requires capacitating teachers with appropriate and relevant strategies to strengthen their teaching, especially in the foundation phase.Aim: This paper examines the appropriateness and relevance of the extant strategies for teaching EHL comprehension skills to foundation phase learners from diverse language backgrounds.Setting: This study was conducted in King Cetshwayo District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: This was a qualitative case study involving four purposively selected grade one teachers in one urban primary in South Africa. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, field observations and document analysis. Content analysis was used to analyse the data.Results: The two main findings were that (a) the teaching of EHL comprehensions skills lacked the appropriate strategies, and (b) the teachers faced several challenges – including operating under an unclear policy framework, the paucity of strategies in phonological awareness, and the lack of appropriate reflection images to which the learners could be exposed to improve their skills.Conclusion: The study concludes that adequate and regular professional teacher development programmes and activities are needed to enable teachers to do their work more effectively.Contribution: By closely and systematically examining the strategies used by teachers who were non-native English speakers, to teach EHL to leaners who were also non-native English speakers, this study has made important contributions to both attendant theory and classroom practice.
Adaptation to digital parenting in a pandemic: A case study of parents within higher education
Authors: Pratiwi Hardiyanti , Hasanah Nor I. , Purnama Sigit , Ulfah Maulidya , Saripudin Aip
Published: November 2022

Background: Using digital tools with children during the pandemic has positive and negative impacts. However, we must investigate how parents with higher education qualifications best apply digital parenting.Aim: The aim of this article was to explore the practice of digital parenting with parents with higher education backgrounds, the digital tools used and the parents’ motivation during the pandemic.Setting: This research was conducted with parents who work as university lecturers in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.Methods: This study involved 27 lecturers with children in early childhood education. Data were collected using structured interview techniques and analysed using presentation, reduction and verification techniques. The validity of the data was ensured through the triangulation of sources and the extension of the research time.Results: The results show that applying restrictive mediation through various regulations in using smartphones coupled with authoritative parenting is the leading choice for parents. During the pandemic, parents give children more freedom and time to use smartphones; therefore, they have to adjust their parenting patterns to counteract the negative impacts caused by these digital devices. However, the lack of parenting support, many work schedules and limited interaction time with children can affect this parenting style.Conclusion: Parents can implement a successful digital parenting transition during a pandemic. Support, motivation, communication, supervision, rules and restrictions imposed on children to continue to use smartphones according to their age are important factors to ensure parenting success in the digital era.
A mixed-method study about performance-enhancing agents
Authors: Othman Amna M. , Saber-Ayad Maha , Alzubaidi Hamzah , Hamid Qutayba , Sulaiman Nabil
Published: November 2022

Background:

This mixed-method study explored knowledge, perceptions, and practices of performance-enhancing agents (PEAs) among university students, the public, and sports club stakeholders in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods

A mixed-method study was conducted; a total of 353 participants (289 students and 64 members of the public) completed the web-based survey, and 34 sports club stakeholders and 6 community pharmacists were interviewed.

Results

These showed that most sports club stakeholders were unfamiliar with the prohibited substances in the UAE. Moreover, some interviewees were unwilling to learn more about PEAs. Out of the participants, 72% of the students and 78% of the public had positive perceptions about prohibiting certain and harmful types of PEAs in sports and reported unfavorable views toward doping agents’ users. Regarding the personal experience with banned substance(s), 5.7% of the students and 3.2% of the public reported using them. There was a clear diversity among sports club stakeholders regarding the problem of doping in the UAE.

Conclusion

There were gaps in knowledge about World Anti-Doping Agency’s role. Participants have the impression that doping is prevalent among bodybuilders, non-athletes, and young individuals in private gyms. In conclusion, there is a significant gap in knowledge of doping among university students and sports club stakeholders, highlighting the need for tailored education programs specifically designed for sports club stakeholders, and students aiming at reducing PEAs use.
Target volume coverage in clinically designed radiotherapy plan of post-mastectomy adjuvant radiotherapy of breast cancer patients in comparison with radiation therapy oncology group-based contoured plan: A dosimetric study
Authors: Azam Mohammad , Agrawal Animesh , Sahni Kamal , Rastogi Madhup , Rathi Arun Kumar , Farzana S.
Published: November 2022

Objective:

Conventional field radiotherapy based on anatomical landmarks has been the traditional treatment for breast cancer. Having proven efficacy, it is still the current standard of treatment. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) has published guidelines for contouring target volumes in postmastectomy patients. The impact of this guideline in the current clinical practice is less known; hence, we have analyzed dose-volume histograms (DVHs) for these plans and compared them with the proposed treatment plans to treat RTOG-defined targets.

Subjects and Methods:

RTOG consensus definitions were used to contour the target volumes in 20 previously treated postmastectomy patients. The prescription was 42.4 Gy in 16 fractions. DVHs were generated from clinically designed plans that had actually been delivered to each patient. For comparing dose to target volumes, new plans were generated with the goal of covering 95% of volume to 90% of prescribed dose.

Results:

In RTOG contoured Group, coverage improved for the supraclavicular (V90 = 83 vs. 94.9%, P < 0.05) and chest wall (V90 = 89.8 vs. 95.2%, P < 0.05). Axillary nodal coverage improved for Level-1(V90 = 80.35 vs. 96.40%, P < 0.05), Level-II (V90 = 85.93 vs. 97.09%, P < 0.05) and Level III (V90 = 86.67 vs. 98.6%, P < 0.05). The dose to the ipsilateral lung is increased (V20 = 23.87 vs. 28.73%, P < 0.05). Low dose to heart is increased in left-sided cases (V5 = 14.52 vs. 16.72%, P < 0.05) while same in right-sided cases.

Conclusions:

The study shows that radiotherapy using the RTOG consensus guidelines improves coverage to target volumes with a nonsignificant increase in normal organ dose compared to that based on anatomical landmarks.
Comparison of associated factors of domestic violence against women by their husbands based on demographic characteristics and life skills in Iran
Authors: Karimyan Azimeh , Pourreza Abolghasem , Sadeghi Roya , Sighaldeh Shirin Shahbazi , Yaseri Mehdi
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

In recent decades, the prevention of domestic violence against women (DVAW) has been considered a priority for women's health in many countries. Identifying factors related to DVAW by their husbands or intimate partner can promise prevention and decrease in prevalence. The objective of this study was to examine and compare associated factors of domestic violence based on demographic characteristics and some life skills.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Abadan, Iran. 640 couples completed questionnaires including demographic characteristics, communication skills, anger management, and problem-solving skill. In addition, women completed the questionnaire on domestic violence. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (t-test and one-way analysis of variance) and multiple linear regression.

RESULTS:

Approximately 57% of the women in this study have been subjected to psychological violence in their lifetime by their husbands. The result of multiple regression indicated that demographic characteristics had a very small contribution to explaining domestic violence (R
2= 0.03) and only the education level of women was identified as a key predictor of domestic violence. The result of multiple regression based on life skills among couples demonstrated that communication skills and anger management of couples were inversely and significantly associated with domestic violence and these variables explained 51% of the variance in domestic violence.

CONCLUSIONS:

Empowering couples with anger management and communication skills can play an important role in decreasing domestic violence. Therefore, developing and planning educational interventions by policymakers and health care providers seems necessary for couples.
Systematic review of health policy and behavioral economics
Authors: Zamani Zahra , Ghalichi-Zave Zahra , Ahmadi Mazhin Sadegh , Eshaghzadeh Maliheh , Hami Mahsa , Zahirian Moghadam Telma
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

Health policymakers use a variety of policy tools. These policies are either based on external factors or are based on paternal considerations; people may need to have help in the selection of items that may be regretted about them in the future. However, recent research on behavioral economics shows that major decision-making mistakes are not only limited to vulnerable groups but also are ubiquitous and systematic. The purpose of this study was on health policy making with a behavioral economics approach in health promotion.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The eligible studies were obtained from Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The search strategy uses a combination of keywords in the titles. The keywords of behavioral economics along with the keyword of health have been used to find related articles.

RESULTS:

After deleting duplicate articles, a total of 38 articles were identified. After reviewing the title and abstract, 13 studies were omitted because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Ten articles were removed from the found articles due to the unavailability of the full text and four articles were excluded because their method was quantitative. Finally, a total of 11 articles were eligible for including this review study.

CONCLUSION:

Recent research on behavioral economics shows that decision-making errors are not limited to vulnerable groups but are ubiquitous and systematic. Forgotten income or negligible income is very high and is reasonably explained by transaction costs. Educational interventions often have little effect and do not benefit from basic cost-benefit tests. In addition, the seemingly insignificant aspects of choice-frameworks and assumptions-often have a profound effect on behavior.
Juventudes rurales potosinas: narrando sus trayectorias escolares
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Erika Jazmín , García Cedillo Ismael , Vega Martínez Blanca Susana
Published: November 2022

Las trayectorias escolares son plurales y diversas como las juventudes mismas, e identificar lo que emerge en las juventudes rurales como un sector vulnerado y excluido fue el propósito de esta investigación. El objetivo general de este estudio fue reconocer aquellas singularidades que intervienen en la trayectoria escolar de las juventudes rurales y cómo influyen en la toma de decisiones estudiantiles. La metodología que se utilizó fue un estudio descriptivo-interpretativo en dos fases, una cuantitativa y otra cualitativa. Los resultados nos permitieron caracterizar la población y revelaron cinco factores que intervienen en las historias del estudiantado: el recorrido de la casa a la escuela, cómo se sienten percibidos por sus docentes, la adquisición de responsabilidades, su ingreso al mundo laboral informal, y, por último, sus posibilidades escolares.
Construcción de e-portafolios en prácticas formativas bajo modalidad a distancia
Authors: Castellanos Galindo Sonia Helena , Reyes Restrepo Blanca Cecilia
Published: November 2022

Se presentan resultados de una investigación sobre la implementación de una innovación pedagógica orientada a la construcción de e-portafolios en un programa de formación docente inicial en modalidad de educación a distancia. Su propósito fue enriquecer los ambientes de aprendizaje de las prácticas formativas a través de una reorientación de su diseño y el desarrollo de la reflexividad. La investigación fue de carácter cualitativo con características descriptivas, interpretativas y evaluativas. Los resultados de esta investigación permitieron identificar posibilidades de los E-portafolios para enriquecer el proceso de aprendizaje en las prácticas formativas, ya que su construcción se dio en el marco de tareas auténticas y las participantes generaron producciones propias en las que evidenciaron sus aprendizajes. En este contexto, se promovió el desarrollo de la reflexividad en el marco de la evaluación formativa, y de la continua retroalimentación de los docentes a las producciones de las estudiantes.
Caracterización de la gestión de la convivencia escolar en Chile
Authors: Morales Macarena , Ortiz Sebastián , Cárdenas Karen , López Verónica , Torres-Vallejos Javier
Published: November 2022

La investigación sobre convivencia escolar ha definido orientaciones concretas para su gestión. En Chile, desde el año 2011 todas las escuelas deben contar con un encargado de convivencia, brindándose lineamientos generales sobre su labor. Este artículo caracterizó la gestión de la convivencia en Chile, describiendo cuantitativamente la formación, experiencia, condiciones laborales y acciones desempeñadas por quienes la ejercen. Los 858 participantes fueron mayormente encargados de convivencia, con título de profesor. En general, tenían contratación indefinida, por jornada completa y desempeñaban más de un cargo en su escuela y/o trabajaba en más de un centro escolar. La especialización en el área de convivencia escolar se observó escasa. En cuanto a las acciones que realizaban, se abocaban a la atención individual y en crisis de estudiantes. Se discutieron las barreras y facilitadores para lograr intervenciones de escuela total en la materia.
Educación a distancia en emergencia: Experiencias de docentes universitarios del Sur de Chile en tiempos de covid-19
Authors: Cea-Leiva Fredy , Pascual Hoyuelos Gema , García Hormazábal Ricardo , Sanhueza Jara Sergio , Cristi González Rocío
Published: November 2022

Se buscó indagar las dificultades, necesidades, oportunidades y vivencias personales que tienen los académicos producto de la pandemia por covid-19. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con un diseño de estudio de caso; participaron 5 académicos, a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada. Para el análisis de los datos se desarrolló una codificación abierta, además de una codificación axial buscando conocer la relación entre las categorías emergentes. Los docentes mencionan dificultades domésticas, tecnológicas, operativas y con sus estudiantes, que repercuten en su trabajo; así mismo, dificultades estructurales asociadas a la institución. En necesidades, destacan la formación y acompañamiento y una mayor preocupación por la labor docente. La gran oportunidad es la tecnología, que sin duda generará transformaciones en la educación superior. En lo personal se sienten sobrepasados por la carga de trabajo. El autocuidado, el acompañamiento, la flexibilidad y un apoyo desde la institucionalidad aparecen como elementos protectores a desarrollar.
Когомологическая жесткость семейств многообразий, отвечающих трехмерным идеальным прямоугольным гиперболическим многогранникам
Authors: Erokhovets Nikolai Yur'evich
Published: November 2022

В торической топологии для каждого $n$-мерного комбинаторного простого многогранника $P$ с $m$ гипергранями определяется $(m+n)$-мерное момент-угол-многообразие $\mathcal Z_P$ с действием компактного тора $T^m$ таким, что $\mathcal Z_P/T^m$ является выпуклым многогранником, комбинаторно эквивалентным $P$. Простой $n$-мерный многогранник $P$ называется $B$-жестким, если из существования изоморфизма градуированных колец $H^*(\mathcal Z_P,\mathbb Z)= H^*(\mathcal Z_Q,\mathbb Z)$ для простого $n$-мерного многогранника $Q$ следует комбинаторная эквивалентность $P$ и $Q$. Идеальный почти погореловский многогранник - это комбинаторный трехмерный многогранник, получаемый срезкой всех бесконечно удаленных вершин идеального прямоугольного многогранника в пространстве Лобачевского (гиперболическом пространстве) $\mathbb L^3$. Это в точности многогранники, получаемые из произвольных (не обязательно простых) трехмерных многогранников срезкой всех вершин и срезкой всех "старых" ребер получившегося многогранника. Граница двойственного многогранника является барицентрическим подразбиением границы старого многогранника (а также двойственного к нему). В работе доказано, что любой идеальный почти погореловский многогранник является $B$-жестким. Семейство многообразий называется когомологически жестким над кольцом $R$, если два многообразия из семейства диффеоморфны тогда и только тогда, когда их градуированные кольца когомологий над $R$ изоморфны. Как следствие, возникают три когомологически жестких семейства многообразий над идеальными почти погореловскими многогранниками: момент-угол-многообразия, канонические шестимерные квазиторические многообразия над $\mathbb Z$ или любым полем и канонические трехмерные малые накрытия над $\mathbb Z_2$. Последние два класса многообразий известны как многообразия, индуцированные из линейной модели.
Однородные алгебраические многообразия и степень транзитивности
Authors: Arzhantsev Ivan , Zaitseva Yulia Ivanovna , Shakhmatov Kirill Veniaminovich
Published: November 2022

Пусть $X$ - такое алгебраическое многообразие, что группа $\mathrm {Aut}(X)$ действует на $X$ транзитивно. Определим степень транзитивности $X$ как максимальное число $m$, для которого действие $\mathrm {Aut}(X)$ на $X$ является $m$-транзитивным. Если действие $\mathrm {Aut}(X)$ является $m$-транзитивным для всех $m$, то степень транзитивности считается равной бесконечности. В работе вычислена степень транзитивности для всех квазиаффинных торических многообразий, а также для широкого класса однородных пространств алгебраических групп. Кроме этого, обсуждаются гипотезы и открытые вопросы, связанные с данным инвариантом.
Improved Receiver Design Concepts for Parabolic Dish Direct Solar Cooking Systems
Authors: P Theu Austin , Z M Kimambo Cuthbert
Published: November 2022

In developing countries, solar cooking technology is considered one of the key measures in dealing with deforestation and environmental pollution.  However, their adoption and utilization have been insignificant due to social, cultural, and technical challenges, among others. For parabolic dish direct solar cookers, one of the critical and most important components of the system is a receiver since its performance greatly affects the entire system. This paper presents part of the findings of the study which investigated the prospects of improving the technical performance of parabolic dish direct solar cooking systems by focusing on the identification of prospective heat loss reduction mechanisms on the receiver. The study identified the Insulated (IR), Air-filled (AFR), and Oil-filled (OFR) receivers with Base Circular Rings (BCR) as alternatives to the Conventional Receiver (CR) System. Tests were conducted using procedures and protocols given by the American Society for Agricultural Engineers (ASAE). The test results showed that the average power developed by the systems was 185 W for the IRBCR system, 90 W for the OFRBCR system, 92 W for the AFRBCR system, and 118 W for the CR system. The standardized cooking power for a temperature difference of 50oC, PS (50), was 291 W for the IRBCR system, 11 W for the OFRBCR system, 272 W for the AFRBCR system, and 142 W for the CR system. The results further revealed that the overall efficiencies were 23% for the IRBCR system, 9% for the OFRBCR system, 12% for the AFRBCR system, and 18% for the CR system. The receiver efficiencies were found to be 27% for a system with IR, 11% for a system with OFR, 14% for a system with AFR, and 21% for a system with CR. The study concluded that the performance improved when the system with the IR was used while the magnitudes of the performance parameters of the AFR and OFR were lower than the CR system.
Actos directivos en la comedia burguesa de costumbres del siglo XVIII: ¿hacia patrones lingüísticos y de uso modernos? I. Formulaciones directas
Authors: Recuero Silvia Iglesias
Published: November 2022

Directive act of speech in the bourgeois comedy of customs from 17th century: Toward modern language and usage patterns? I. Direct formulations This paper is meant as a contribution to the Spanish historical pragmatics. It consists of a pragmalinguistic analysis of directive speech acts from five plays of the so-called bourgeois comedy of customs introduced in Spain by Enlightenment authors in the second half of the 18th century. The different linguistic expressions of these acts, their illocutionary values and their conditions of use are studied in detail.
Formas verbales aspectuales en enunciados directivos (siglos XII‒XXI)
Authors: Vázquez Laslop María Eugenia
Published: November 2022

Aspectual verb forms in directive utterances (12th‒21th centuries) It is described the use of Spanish aspectual verbal constructions in directive utterances between the 12th and 21st centuries. It is argued that, in addition to their aspectual values, these constructions fulfil some pragmatic functions in formal registers, especially some politeness verbal strategies in legal and administrative discourse, as well as the expression of instructions in procedural discourse. Some other illocutionary functions are found in dialogue. These non aspectual functions are documented from classical Spanish to the 20th century.
Martwa ręka Wielkiego Kryzysu. O maratonach tanecznych oraz spektaklach śmierci i przetrwania
Authors: Szmidt Olga
Published: November 2022

Tematem artykułu są złożone mechanizmy obserwowania i współudziału w szczególnych spektaklach rozrywki i okrucieństwa, jakimi były maratony taneczne okresu Wielkiego Kryzysu w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Analizie zostały poddane narracje literackie (zwłaszcza Czyż nie dobija się koni? Horace’a McCoya), poza refleksją literaturoznawczą jako istotny kontekst posłużyły zarówno prace z zakresu historii teatru i rozrywki, jak i historii ekonomii. Pogłębione przedstawienie okoliczności kryzysu gospodarczego pozwoliło na ukazanie dynamiki przemian konwencji literackich (m.in. opowieści o karierze w Hollywood) zarówno w ramach historycznoliterackiego procesu, jak i upadku amerykańskiej narracji o wyzwoleniu przez karierę filmową. Artykuł proponuje rozważenie kulturowych reprezentacji maratonu tanecznego jako sadystycznego spektaklu, w którym cierpienie innych staje się krótkoterminową rozrywką, umożliwianą przez wyraźny podział na uczestników i widzów, a także wizję konkursu jako trampoliny do sukcesu w przemyśle rozrywkowym. Prześledzenie rozpadu tej narracji oraz śmiercionośności tej obietnicy jest ważnym punktem dojścia eseju.

The Dead Hand of the Great Depression. On Dance Marathons and Spectacles of Death and Survival

The article’s main subject is the complex mechanism of observation and participation in the spectacles of sadism and cruelty prevalent during the Great Depression in the United States. A particular focus was given to They Shoot Horses, Don’t They? by Horace McCoy among other literary and art cases. Literary narratives focused on dance marathons are analyzed, apart from a literary-critical perspective, in the light of the history of theater and entertainment, and the history of economics. An in-depth presentation of the circumstances of the economic crisis allows us to see the dynamics of changes in literary conventions (including Hollywood narratives) as part of the historical-literary process, as well as the collapse of the American narrative about success and liberation through a career in the entertainment industry. The article proposes to consider cultural representations of the dance marathon as a sadistic spectacle in which the suffering of others becomes a short-term entertainment – enabled by a clear division between participants and spectators, and the common understanding of the competition as a springboard to success in Hollywood. Tracing the collapse of this narrative (as well as the lethal
Bernhard: Nestbeschmutzer i przymus powtórzenia przeciwko władzy
Authors: Tacik Przemysław
Published: November 2022

Celem artykułu jest zmierzenie się z klasycznym enfant terrible austriackiej kultury – Thomasem Bernhardem – z jednoczesną próbą zadania pytania o relacje pomiędzy wymogiem prawdomówności a prawowitym Nestbeschmutzungiem. Bernharda często dezawuowano jako pełnego sarkazmu i złośliwości szaleńca, który z niesprawiedliwego obrażania wspólnoty czerpał przyjemność. Tymczasem, jak staram się pokazać w tekście, demaskacja wspólnotowej przemocy działa u Bernharda na o wiele głębszym poziomie niż prosto pojęta paresia. Proza Bernharda przyjmuje strukturę fugi, w której bohaterowie zmagają się z problemem swojego jednoczesnego upodmiotowienia i uprzedmiotowienia. To właśnie struktura owej fugi pełni funkcje demaskatorskie i parezjastyczne, o wiele istotniejsze niż wmieszane w nią „oszczercze” treści. W ostatecznej instancji jest strategią przeciwstawienia się obezwładniającej władzy i próbą poszukiwania upodmiotowienia poza jej zasięgiem.

Bernhard. Nestbeschmutzer and Compulsion of Repetition Against Power

The paper addresses the work of an enfant terrible of the post-war Austrian culture, Thomas Bernhard, by posing questions about the relation between veridiction and a proper Nestbeschmuzung. Bernhard was frequently downplayed as a sarcastic and spiteful madman who drew sick pleasure from insulting his community. Nonetheless, as I demonstrate in the paper, the unveiling of systemic violence in Bernhard’s oeuvre reaches much deeper than just paresia. Bernhard’s prose has a structure of the fugue in which protagonists struggle with their own subjectification and objectification. It is precisely this structure of the fugue that possesses unmasking and paresiastic functions that go beyond the role of insults which make up a good part of the content this structure gives a form to. Ultimately, the fugue is a strategy to counter the overwhelming power and seek the subjectification outside of its realm.
Targowica jako polskie niesamowite
Authors: Kula Artur
Published: November 2022

Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia konfederacji targowickiej oraz jej późniejszego mitu jako polskiego niesamowitego (unheimlich). Moja argumentacja opiera się na analizie procesów o zdradę w trakcie insurekcji kościuszkowskiej. Instytucje prawne prowadziły tego rodzaju postępowania w powolny sposób, co wywołało niezadowolenie i napięcie społeczne, których skutkiem były bardziej radykalne sposoby osądzania zdradzieckich czynów. Wspomniana opieszałość wynikała ze strachu elit przed uznaniem wszystkich szlachciców, którzy pobierali pieniądze od obcych państw, za zdrajców. W tej perspektywie Targowica staje się symbolem czy też synekdochą nie tylko zdrady, lecz także wszystkich negatywnych cech szlacheckich. W konsekwencji jest ona równocześnie dobrze znana oraz niepokojąca, a więc niesamowita. Targowica as a Polish uncanny This article proposes perceiving the Targowica Confederation of 1792 and its later myth as a Polish uncanny (unheimlich) phenomenon. I present my reasoning through an analysis of treason cases during the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794. Legal institutions at that time were working on such affairs in a slow manner thus social unrests were needed to trigger more radical decisions on judging the treacherous deeds. This indolence was due to the elites’ fear of defining all nobles who received money from the foreign states as traitors. From this perspective Targowica becomes a symbol or a synecdoche not only of a treason but also of noblemen’s negative traits. As a result it is simultaneously well-known and disturbing, i.e. uncanny.
"Ja, żołnierz, poeta, czasu kurz…" (żołnierska biografia Krzysztofa Kamila Baczyńskiego)
Authors: Zabierowski Stefan
Published: November 2022

The goal of this article is to depict an important episode in a biography of an outstanding Polish poet, a representative of “the generation of Columbuses” – Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński. This episode was the military service of the poet. Baczyński consciously resigned from the Polish studies at the secret Warsaw University and in June of 1943 joined the Assault Groups of the Gray Ranks. He went through all the training stages on the cadet level and took part in assault actions, including detonation of a train transporting German soldiers. On 1st August 1944 he took part in the Warsaw Upraising and on the 4th day of said month he died in the Blank Palace at the Theater Square. The motives of Baczyński’s actions were the family tradition as well as the model of the soldier-poet preserved in the Romantic culture.

“Me, soldier, poet, dust of time...” (Soldier Biography of Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński)

The goal of this article is to depict an important episode in a biography of an outstanding Polish poet, a representative of “the generation of Columbuses” – Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński. This episode was the military service of the poet. Baczyński consciously resigned from the Polish studies at the secret Warsaw University and in June of 1943 joined the Assault Groups of the Gray Ranks. He went through all the training stages on the cadet level and took part in assault actions, including detonation of a train transporting German soldiers. On 1st August 1944 he took part in the Warsaw Upraising and on the 4th day of said month he died in the Blank Palace at the Theater Square. The motives of Baczyński’s actions were the family tradition as well as the model of the soldier-poet preserved in the Romantic culture.
On Multimedia Presentation Education Content in a Korean Course of University Liberal Education
Authors: Lee Hee-young
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the importance of multimedia presentation education was discussed. Technology using multimedia assistance is expected in online communication classes, and one of the learning media tools that is well-known among users in education is multimedia presentations or Power Point, which combines text, graphics, images, photos, audio, videos, and animation in an integrated manner. Using editing programs, info-graphic design tools for recording voices and inserting images was included in the multimedia presentation education content.
Cultivating Science Literacy Through the General Education Curriculum
Authors: Cho Eun Hee
Published: November 2022

The goal of science education is to cultivate science literacy. Science literacy is the ability to find rational solutions to personal or social problems based on scientific evidence. This article emphasizes that cultivating science literacy is consistent with the goal pursued in general education.It is essential to understand the process of scientific research in science classes in general education to cultivate science literacy. Understanding the process of scientific research includes raising problems, designing experiments, data collection, interpretation of results, publishing a paper, and so forth. The latest innovations in science and technology immediately affect the decision-making process of the public. This makes the ability to find and evaluate relevant scientific information even more crucial. Furthermore, teaching the scientific approach to problem-solving based on appropriate information, along with scientific thinking, is the unique and core role of the science class in general education.Science literacy can be effectively achieved through convergent education that encompasses diverse academic fields in the framework of the overall general education curriculum. This type of convergence allows students to reflect on and sometimes re-establish images of oneself and society being changed by cutting-edge science and technology. This is the basic philosophy pursued by liberal arts education. By broadening our horizons through interdisciplinary convergence, students will be able to find clues leading to a deeper understanding and to a creative resolution of social issues related to science and technology that sometimes lead to social conflicts. One of the greatest strengths of general education in universities is that it can open an integrative perspective to students who have been learning within the boundaries of individual subjects until middle school. Collectively, cultivating science literacy requires deliberation and collaboration across diverse disciplines to create an effective general education curriculum for future students-ones who have to cope with the rapid social changes from scientific and technological innovation.
A study on the Improvement of the General Education Curriculum Based on Analysis of the Learning Objective
Authors: Hong Hyo Jeong
Published: November 2022

Competency-based education focuses on the question, “What can be done?” Therefore, it is necessary to educate learners so that they can perform what they know in the context of life. In addition, it is necessary to present specific learning objectives so that students can understand the content of the subject and use their knowledge to acquire the competencies expressed in specific situations. Therefore, in this study the actual condition of the learning objective of the lesson plans for general education subjects was identified. Also, I tried to propose systematic improvement measures and action strategies for the effective implementation of the general education curriculum. To this end, semantic network analysis was conducted by collecting the lesson plans of 138 subjects in the general education curriculum of University A.As a result, ‘understanding’, ‘acquisition’, and ‘cultivation’ appeared as the keywords of the general education curriculum learning objectives. However, I found that it was insufficient to present practical and specific learning objectives that are characteristic of the competency-based curriculum. Based on these results, I propose that we review the learning objectives system, strengthen the instructor's competency, and establish a goal-based curriculum system to operate the competency-based general education curriculum.
An Investigation of the Identity of Character Through the Fundamental Cognitive Mechanism
Authors: Song Kwang Han
Published: November 2022

Character education in Korea has been strengthened since the Promulgation of the Character Education Promotion Act in 2015. But the concept of character itself is not clear and there is no consensus regarding it, causing confusion and certain side issues when it comes to character education. As part of resolving this essential problem of character education, this study looked at what character is from its cognitive origin, from which various human minds are formed. It also looked at the mechanism of how character emerges from the cognitive origin.The results showed that character, that is, human nature, is composed of two contradictory natures: a nature for ‘emptiness,’ which is a mind that one tries not to think and thus any cognitive structure (knowledge) does not appear internally, and a nature for ‘appearance,’ which is a mind that one try to think to form knowledge and thus knowledge appears internally. Furthermore, humans are born with natures of sensibility, memory, thinking and knowledge, and innate abilities such as sensory ability, thinking ability, and knowledge formation ability (intelligence) for the manifestation of appearance. Due to these natures and innate abilities, human beings form knowledge about the world and form various fields of mind based on this knowledge. Thus, we have the so called ‘virtues in character education.’Based on these results, this thesis discusses the debates related to character, such as nature, as well as the debate of good versus evil, and suggests the right direction and method of character education.