bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crack initiation characteristics of ring chain of heavy-duty scraper conveyor under time-varying loads
Authors: Wang Dagang , Zhang Jun , Zhu Zhencai , Gang Shen , Xiang Li
Published: September 2019

Crack initiation characteristics of ring chain of heavy-duty scraper conveyor under time-varying loads were investigated in this study. The dynamic tension of ring chain of the heavy-duty scraper conveyor was obtained using the time-varying dynamic analysis. Finite element analyses of three-dimensional contacts between adjacent chain rings at straight and bending segments were carried out to explore three-dimensional stress distributions of chain rings. The crack initiation life of chain ring was predicted employing the multiaxial fatigue theory. The results show that the ring chain is subjected to time-varying dynamic tensions during operation. During tension-tension contact fatigue, as compared to the straight segment of ring chain, the bending segment engaging in the sprocket presents an overall lower (or higher) equivalent stress distribution in the case of flat (or vertical) chain ring, respectively. Maximum equivalent stresses at the contact regions of adjacent chain rings both present time-varying dynamic characteristics similar to evolutions of dynamic tension. During tension-torsion contact fatigue, an increase in torsion angle level causes unobvious difference between equivalent stress distributions at contact regions of adjacent rings. Predicted crack initiation lives of chain rings during tension-tension contact fatigue indicates more severe fatigue damages of the vertical chain ring at the straight segment and of the flat chain ring at the right bending segment.
Fixated in unfamiliar territory: Mapping estimates across typical and atypical number lines
Authors: Di Lonardo Sabrina Michelle , Huebner Matthew G , Newman Katherine , LeFevre Jo-Anne
Published: September 2019

Adults ( N = 72) estimated the location of target numbers on number lines that varied in numerical range (i.e., typical range 0–10,000 or atypical range 0–7,000) and spatial orientation (i.e., the 0 endpoint on the left [traditional] or on the right [reversed]). Eye-tracking data were used to assess strategy use. Participants made meaningful first fixations on the line, with fixations occurring around the origin for low target numbers and around the midpoint and endpoint for high target numbers. On traditional direction number lines, participants used left-to-right scanning and showed a leftward bias; these effects were reduced for the reverse direction number lines. Participants made fixations around the midpoint for both ranges but were less accurate when estimating target numbers around the midpoint on the 7,000-range number line. Thus, participants are using the internal benchmark (i.e., midpoint) to guide estimates on atypical range number lines, but they have difficulty calculating the midpoint, leading to less accurate estimates. In summary, both range and direction influenced strategy use and accuracy, suggesting that both numerical and spatial processes influence number line estimation.
Protective effects of testing across misinformation formats in the household scene paradigm
Authors: Pereverseff Rosemary S , Bodner Glen E , Huff Mark J
Published: September 2019

Many studies have demonstrated retrieval-enhanced suggestibility (RES), in which taking an initial recall test after witnessing an event increases suggestibility to subsequent misinformation introduced via a narrative. Recently, however, initial testing has been found to have a protective effect against misinformation introduced via cued-recall questions. We examined whether misinformation format (narrative vs. cued-recall questions) yields a similar dissociation in a paradigm that, to date, has consistently yielded a protective effect of testing (PET). After studying photos of household scenes (e.g., kitchen), some participants took an initial recall test. After a 48-hr delay, items not presented in the scenes (e.g., knives/plates) were suggested either via narrative or questions. Regardless of the misinformation format, we found a PET on both initial-test-conditionalised free recall and source-monitoring tests. However, initial testing also yielded memory costs, such that suggested items reported on the initial test were likely to persist on a final recall test. Thus, initial testing can protect against suggestibility, but can also precipitate memory errors when intrusions emerge on an initial test.
Meta-analysis of individual patient data of albumin dialysis in acute-on-chronic liver failure: focus on treatment intensity
Authors: Bañares Rafael , Ibáñez-Samaniego Luis , Torner Josep María , Pavesi Marco , Olmedo Carmen , Catalina María Vega , Albillos Agustín , Larsen Fin Stolze , Nevens Frederik , Hassanein Tarek , Schmidt Harmuth , Heeman Uwe , Jalan Rajiv , Moreau Richard , Arroyo Vicente
Published: September 2019

Background:

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a common complication of cirrhosis characterized by single or multiple organ failures and high short-term mortality. Treatment of ACLF consists of standard medical care (SMC) and organ(s) support. Whether the efficacy of artificial liver support (ALS) depends on the severity of ACLF or on the intensity of this treatment, or both, is unclear. This study aimed to further assess these issues.

Methods:

We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis assessing the efficacy of Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) in ACLF patients enrolled in prior randomized control trials (RCTs). The meta-analysis was designed to assess the effect of patient severity (ACLF grade) and treatment intensity [low-intensity therapy (LIT), SMC alone or SMC plus ⩽ 4 MARS sessions, high-intensity therapy (HIT), SMC plus > 4 MARS sessions] on mortality.

Results:

Three RCTs suitable for the meta-analysis ( n = 285, ACLF patients = 165) were identified in a systematic review. SMC plus MARS (irrespective of the number of sessions) did not improve survival compared with SMC alone, neither in the complete population nor in the ACLF patients. Survival, however, was significantly improved in the subgroup of patients receiving HIT both in the entire cohort (10-day survival: 98.6% versus 82.8%, p = 0.001; 30-day survival: 73.9% versus 64.3%, p = 0.032) and within the ACLF patients (10-day survival: 97.8% versus 78.6%, p = 0.001; 30-day survival: 73.3% versus 58.5%, p = 0.041). Remarkably, HIT increased survival independently of ACLF grade. Independent predictors of survival were age, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), ACLF grade, number of MARS sessions received, and intensity of MARS therapy.

Conclusion:

HIT with albumin dialysis may improve survival in patients with ACLF. Appropriate treatment schedules should be determined in future clinical trials.
High-CLDN4 ESCC cells harbor stem-like properties and indicate for poor concurrent chemoradiation therapy response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Cheng-Han , Li Hao-Yi , Liu Yu-Peng , Kuo Pei-Fung , Wang Wen-Ching , Lin Forn-Chia , Chang Wei-Lun , Sheu Bor-Shyang , Wang Yi-Ching , Hung Wan-Chun , Cheng Hui-Chuan , Yao Yun-Chin , Calkins Marcus J. , Hsiao Michael , Lu Pei-Jung
Published: September 2019

Background:

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the major type of esophageal cancer in Asia and demonstrates poor survival rates following a therapeutic regimen.

Methods:

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor initiation, progression, and treatment failure in cancers. Therefore, identification and characterization of CSCs may help to improve clinical outcomes for ESCC patients. Tumor sphere formation assay are performed to isolate cancer stem-like ESCC cells. QRT-PCR, tumor initiation, metastasis, CCRT treatment are used to evaluate ESCC cells’ stemness properties in vitro and in vivo.

Results:

The authors’ data demonstrates that cancer stem-like ESCC cells harbored stemness characteristics including self-renewal, differentiation, and transdifferentiation, and possess tumor initiation, metastasis, and treatment inefficiency properties. For the identification of useful biomarkers of cancer stem-like ESCC cells, the authors further identified that CLDN4 was upregulated in cancer stem-like ESCC cells when compared with bulk cancer cells. High-CLDN4 cells harbored stemness and cisplatin/concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) resistance properties and a high level of CLDN4 was correlated with poor prognosis and poor CCRT response in ESCC patients. Importantly, thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD) decreased CLDN4 and attenuated stemness in ESCC cells, and TTFD combined with CCRT improved CCRT response in vivo.

Conclusions:

CLDN4 was suggested as prognostic and a CCRT response indicator for ESCC patients. TTFD combined with CCRT has potential to improve ESCC patient’s clinical outcomes in the future.
Controlling the AP Controller: Controller Performance Assessment and Modification
Authors: Hajizadeh Iman , Hobbs Nicole , Samadi Sediqeh , Sevil Mert , Rashid Mudassir , Brandt Rachel , Askari Mohammad Reza , Maloney Zacharie , Cinar Ali
Published: September 2019

Background:

Despite recent advances in closed-loop control of blood glucose concentration (BGC) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), online performance assessment and modification of artificial pancreas (AP) control systems remain a challenge as the metabolic characteristics of users change over time.

Methods:

A controller performance assessment and modification system (CPAMS) analyzes the glucose concentration variations and controller behavior, and modifies the parameters of the control system used in the multivariable AP system. Various indices are defined to quantitatively evaluate the controller performance in real time. Controller performance assessment and modification system also incorporates online learning from historical data to anticipate impending disturbances and proactively counteract their effects.

Results:

Using a multivariable simulation platform for T1D, the CPAMS is used to enhance the BGC regulation in people with T1D by means of automated insulin delivery with an adaptive learning predictive controller. Controller performance assessment and modification system increases the percentage of time in the target range (70-180) mg/dL by 52.3% without causing any hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia events.

Conclusions:

The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the multivariable AP controller performance by using CPAMS.
Overcoming Job Insecurity: Examining Grit as a Predictor
Authors: McGinley Sean , Mattila Anna S.
Published: September 2019

Advancing a nascent stream of research linking grit to employment retention, this article investigated how job insecurity interacted with a person’s level of grit to predict turnover intentions and career change intentions of hotel managers. Based on a confirmatory factor analysis, grit was found to be a valid higher order construct that had an effect on turnover and career change intentions, and the effect was moderated by feelings of job insecurity. Specifically, when hotel managers reported less job insecurity, grit did not have a significant association with turnover and career change intentions. However, when job insecurity levels increased, hotel managers who were grittier also reported lower levels of turnover and career change intentions.
Healthy Taste of High Status: Signaling Status at Restaurants
Authors: Shin Joongwon , Mattila Anna S.
Published: September 2019

Despite the prevalence of a common belief associating healthy eating with high status, the effect of such an intuitive association on consumer behavior remains unexamined. To fill this void, this research explores status signaling in a restaurant context. Two studies were conducted to examine the impact of consumers’ need for status on their preferences for healthy dining options. Results from Study 1 show that need for status has a positive effect on consumer preferences for a restaurant with a healthy (vs. less healthy) menu. These results indicate that although dining out can be a means to convey high status, such a symbolic role is limited to restaurants with healthy (vs. less healthy) options. Results from Study 2 demonstrate that need for status has a positive effect on anticipated satisfaction with healthy dining options when consumers’ choice is unconstrained (vs. constrained). These results indicate that restaurants offering healthy foods can inadvertently lose their status-signaling value by limiting consumers’ freedom of choice. This research adds to the hospitality literature by illuminating an unexamined facilitator of healthy dining: need for status. It also extends the literature by demonstrating that consumers may derive status-signaling value not only from luxury goods but also from more mundane hospitality experiences. Additional theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
An investigation of perceived family phubbing expectancy violations and well-being among U.S. older adults
Authors: Kadylak Travis
Published: September 2019

Phubbing refers to the nonverbal behavior of glancing at, or using, one’s mobile phone during a face-to-face (FtF) interaction, whereby the mobile-phone-checking behavior is perceived to breach expectations of attention or etiquette. In general, phubbing can negatively affect interpersonal relationships and well-being. When younger family members’ phubbing behavior is perceived by older adult relatives as a violation of their conversational expectations, these older adults may feel ignored and disrespected. This study may be the first to investigate the associations between intergenerational family phubbing expectancy violations and indicators of well-being among older adults. Survey data were derived from a sample of U.S. Internet users aged 65 or above ( n = 679). The results suggested that both perceived frequency of family phubbing and family phubbing expectancy violations were inversely associated with mattering and indicators of well-being. Study limitations and potential directions for future research are discussed.
The partisan ties of lobbying firms
Authors: Furnas Alexander C. , Heaney Michael T. , LaPira Timothy M.
Published: September 2019

This article examines lobbying firms as intermediaries between organized interests and legislators in the United States. It states a partisan theory of legislative subsidy in which lobbying firms are institutions with relatively stable partisan identities. Firms generate greater revenues when their clients believe that firms’ partisan ties are valued highly by members of Congress. It hypothesizes that firms that have partisan ties to the majority party receive greater revenues than do firms that do not have such ties, as well as that partisan ties with the House majority party lead to greater financial returns than do partisan ties to the Senate majority party. These hypotheses are tested using data available under the Lobbying Disclosure Act from 2008 to 2016. Panel regression analysis indicates that firms receive financial benefits when they have partisan ties with the majority party in the House but not necessarily with the Senate majority party, while controlling for firm-level covariates (number of clients, diversity, and organizational characteristics). A difference-in-differences analysis establishes that Democratically aligned lobbying firms experienced financial losses when the Republican Party reclaimed the House in 2011, but there were no significant differences between Republican and Democratic firms when the Republicans reclaimed the Senate in 2015.
The Association of Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke in Patients on Hemodialysis: A Competing Risk Analysis
Authors: Findlay Mark , MacIsaac Rachael , MacLeod Mary Joan , Metcalfe Wendy , Sood Manish M. , Traynor Jamie P. , Dawson Jesse , Mark Patrick B.
Published: September 2019

Background:

Stroke is common in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treated with hemodialysis (HD) and associated with high mortality rate. In the general population, atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for stroke and therapeutic anticoagulation is associated with risk reduction, whereas in ESRD the relationship is less clear.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the influence of AF on stroke rates and probability in those on HD following competing risk analyses.

Design:

A national record linkage cohort study.

Setting:

All renal and stroke units in Scotland, UK.

Patients:

All patients with ESRD receiving HD within Scotland from 2005 to 2013 (follow-up to 2015).

Measurements:

Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were linked between the Scottish Renal Registry, Scottish Stroke Care Audit, and hospital discharge data. Stroke was defined as a fatal or nonfatal event and mortality derived from national records.

Methods:

Associations for stroke were determined using competing risk models: the cause-specific hazards model and the Fine and Gray subdistribution hazards model accounting for the competing risk of death in models of all stroke, ischemic stroke, and first-ever stroke.

Results:

Of 5502 patients treated with HD with 12 348.6-year follow-up, 363 (6.6%) experienced stroke. The stroke incidence rate was 26.7 per 1000 patient-years. Multivariable regression on the cause-specific hazard for stroke demonstrated age, hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) = 1.04 (1.03-1.05); AF, HR (95% CI) = 1.88 (1.25-2.83); prior stroke, HR (95% CI) = 2.29 (1.48-3.54), and diabetes, HR (95% CI) = 1.92 (1.45-2.53); serum phosphate, HR (95% CI) = 2.15 (1.56-2.99); lower body weight, HR (95% CI) = 0.99 (0.98-1.00); lower hemoglobin, HR (95% CI) = 0.88 (0.77-0.99); and systolic blood pressure (BP), HR (95% CI) = 1.01 (1.00-1.02), to be associated with an increased stroke rate. In contrast, the subdistribution HRs obtained following Fine and Gray regression demonstrated that AF, weight, and hemoglobin were not associated with stroke risk. In both models, AF was significantly associated with nonstroke death.

Limitations:

Our analyses derive from retrospective data sets and thus can only describe association not causation. Data on anticoagulant use are not available.

Conclusions:

The incidence of stroke in HD patients is high. The competing risk of “prestroke” mortality affects the relationship between AF and risk of future stroke. Trial designs for interventions to reduce stroke risk in HD patients, such as anticoagulation for AF, should take account of competing risks affecting associations between risk factors and outcomes.
Variability of Pain Outcomes and Physical Activity Among a Diverse Sample of Older Men: Is It More Than Just Race?
Authors: Baker Tamara A. , Vásquez Elizabeth , Minahan Jacquelyn A.
Published: September 2019

There is a compendium of data documenting the increasing number of older adults. This suggests the continued need to understand identified health outcomes across domains of pain and physical activity, particularly among older men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate race similarities and/or differences in pain and rates of physical activity among White, Black, and Hispanic men 60+ years of age. Data were taken from the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal panel study surveying a representative sample of people in the United States. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between race and pain and the odds of regular physical activity. Results showed that Black men were less likely to participate in light or moderate/vigorous physical activity. Similarly, pain increased the odds of physical activity among Hispanics, but decreased the odds of physical activity among White men. Findings may reflect a number of factors that impact the well-being of what it means to experience pain and physical functioning, while also assuming a masculine identity. This perspective may allow for a better understanding of short- and long-term implications of the pain experience and the pain and physical functioning dyad among this group of men.
Low-rank matrix decomposition method for potential field data separation
Authors: Zhu Dan , Li Hongwei , Liu Tianyou , Fu Lihua , Zhang Shihui
Published: September 2019

Separation of potential field data forms the basis of inversion and interpretation. The low-rank matrix theory is used for the separation of potential field data. A theoretical analysis led to the approximate equation that demonstrates the relation between the amplitudes of the wavenumber components of potential field data and the singular values of the trajectory matrix embedded from the potential field data matrix. Therefore, the low-rank feature of the trajectory matrix of regional field data and the sparse feature of the trajectory matrix of residual field data can be obtained based on the features of the power spectrum of the potential field data. Based on this, we have developed a low-rank matrix decomposition model for the separation of the trajectory matrix of the potential field data. Minimizing the rank of the trajectory matrix of the regional field data and the [Formula: see text]-norm of the trajectory matrix of the residual field data is a double-objective optimization task, and this optimization task can be solved by the inexact augmented Lagrange multiplier algorithm. The weighting parameter is robust and easy to set. Numerical experiment results indicate that our method is robust, and the separation errors of the method are smaller compared to the matched filtering and wavelet analysis methods. In addition, our method can be easily implemented and has clear geophysical significance. Finally, our method is applied on real data sets in the Daye area, Hubei Province, China. The separated gravity and magnetic fields coincide well with target geologic sources.
Gas hydrate quantification in Walker Ridge block 313, Gulf of Mexico, from full-waveform inversion of ocean-bottom seismic data
Authors: Wang Jiliang , Jaiswal Priyank , Haines Seth S. , Yang Yihong , Hart Patrick E. , Wu Shingo
Published: September 2019

The Gulf of Mexico (GOM) Joint Industry Project Leg 2 logging-while-drilling data in Walker Ridge lease block 313 (WR313) in the GOM detected gas hydrate in coarse- and fine-grained sediments at sites WR313-G and WR313-H. The coarse-grained units are thin ([Formula: see text]) and highly saturated, whereas the fine-grained unit is thick (approximately 200 m) with low saturation and fracture-filling gas hydrate. Unlike its coarse-grained counterpart, the seismic character of the fine-grained unit does not clearly indicate the presence of gas hydrate, which would likely have remained undiscovered in the absence of drilling. In this paper, through frequency-domain acoustic full-waveform inversion (FWI) of ocean-bottom seismometer data along a 2D multichannel seismic transect near sites WR313-G and WR313-H, we detect and quantify gas hydrate in the fine-grained unit. Key results are as follows: First, the base of the gas hydrate stability zone, which is not obvious in the reflection profile, can be discerned in the FWI results. Second, the gas hydrate in the fine-grained unit is mainly confined to the area between two sets of opposite-dipping normal faults implying that the fault architecture may be partially responsible for this gas hydrate accumulation and distribution.
Structural model of determination of deviant behavior of servicemen
Authors: Петров Владислав , Petrov Vladislav
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenology of deviance of law enforcement agencies. The structural model of determination of deviant behavior of military personnel, which is implemented at two levels – behavioral and personal, is substantiated on the sample of 121 people. Used 5 diagnostic techniques: questionnaire SACS "Strategies for overcoming stressful situations"; the questionnaire for the assessment of the propensity to breach of duty (military) discipline; the technique of diagnostics of tendency to deviant behavior (A.N. Orel); five-factor personality inventory; Multilevel personal questionnaire "Adaptability" (A.G. Maklakov and S.V. Chermenin). In the structural model, the personal sphere is formed by both partial (psychological stability, aggression, normativity, volitional self-control) and synthetic characteristics (tendency to break discipline, tendency to delinquent behavior, tendency to self-injurious behavior). Behind each of the manifestations of deviation there are personal characteristics that can provoke or restrain it. Correlation analysis of data was applied. The proposed approach can be used as a basis for a complex (detailed) psychological (deviantological) portrait of a serviceman, which allows predicting his tendency to deviations of different etiologies.
Features of professional activity and the level of subjective vitality among employees and heads of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation
Authors: Мальцева Татьяна , Maltseva Tatyana
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the formulation of the problem of studying of the level and characteristics of the subjective vitality of employees and heads of internal affairs agencies of the Russian Federation, as well as the need to increase the overall potential of vital energy. The object of the research is the degree of severity of subjective vitality among employees and heads of internal affairs agencies of the Russian Federation. The subject is the level of subjective vitality among representatives of various professional communities. The article focuses on the results of studying the level of subjective vitality as a consciously experienced life energy. The author connects low indicators of the phenomenon being studied with excessive stress, stress, conflict of professional activities of employees and heads of internal affairs agencies of the Russian Federation, unsatisfactory psychological self-awareness and negative emotional states. Subjective vitality as a constituent of professional activity in the law enforcement area, on the one hand, is an energy component and an important element in the performance of official tasks by employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, on the other hand, increased requirements are imposed on the subjective vitality of specialists (which is manifested in the prevalence of this phenomenon in this professional community). Such problems require the organization of constructive psychological assistance.
Theoretical and applied principles of the process of forming professional and pedagogical competence of the head of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation
Authors: Боева Ольга , Boeva Ol'ga , Мальцева Татьяна , Maltseva Tatyana , Чимэддорж Еруултэгш , Chimeddorzh Eruultags
Published: September 2019

For the effective management of law enforcement, the identification and assessment of the general level of professionally pedagogical competence of the head of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation is relevant in both theoretical and practical aspects. The object of the research is the process of forming of professionally pedagogical competence of the head of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the professional and pedagogical competence of the leader. The purpose of the work is to study the professional and pedagogical competence of the head of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and develop recommendations for its optimization. The study used methods of theoretical analysis and generalization of pedagogical and psychological ideas, observation, conversation, questioning. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the scientific substantiation of the process of forming professional and pedagogical competence of the head of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of practical recommendations for optimizing the content, organization and methodology of improving professionally pedagogical competence of heads of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, as well as activating the process of self-improvement of a leader to increase professionally pedagogical competence. The study showed that the development of personal and professional qualities; the formation of a constructive model of interaction with colleagues and subordinates; prevention and elimination of negative situations in the service teams will contribute to the improvement of the activities of heads of ATS.
Getting started
Authors: Ireland Bob
Published: September 2019

Want to write an article for our journal? Here, editorial board member and SBDN Fellow, Professor Bob Ireland, offers some helpful tips to our readers
What does ‘The Handmaid's Tale’ tell us about resilience?
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: September 2019

Julie Bissett invites various experts to consider how best to develop the capacity to cope well and overcome our low points when we feel we're at breaking point
Sepsis: a personal story
Authors: Akinade Gemma
Published: September 2019

Dental nurse Gemma Akinade lost her fiancé to this life-threatening condition 18 months ago. Here, she explains what teams can do to raise awareness of sepsis to prevent further unnecessary deaths
Keeping abreast of the clinical connections
Authors: Deverick Julie
Published: September 2019

The month of October is synonymous with crisp autumn leaves and carving pumpkins, but it's also an important month in terms of cancer awareness. BSDHT president Julie Deverick explains
From dancer to dental nurse
Authors: Meldrum Eloise
Published: September 2019

Trainee dental nurse Rav Rai, 26, speaks to Eloise Meldrum about stepping into a new career
‘Create situations so you can enjoy where you work’
Authors: Elsden Jacqui
Published: September 2019

We hear from the British Association for Dental Nurses' president-elect, Jacqui Elsden, who takes up her presidential post next month
How to remember (almost) anything
Authors: Fowler John
Published: September 2019

John Fowler discusses how the dental nurse can memorise facts
Keep it switched on
Authors: Adams Hazel
Published: September 2019

Hazel Adams suggests practice staff should always be courteous – whatever the circumstances
Horses for courses
Authors: Railton Lisa
Published: September 2019

Lisa Railton, a tutor at Dawood & Tanner Academy, explains the new learning opportunities that will make you a frontrunner
Safeguarding the elderly
Authors: Sharma Priya
Published: September 2019

The Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) has shown a 4% rise in the number of alleged cases of abuse against elderly people. Priya Sharma investigates your role in protecting them
Just how clean are you?
Authors: Smith Louise
Published: September 2019

Louise Smith talks us through best handpiece decontamination
Planning decontamination in the dental practice
Authors: Faulkner Clare
Published: September 2019

Ambassador for the Society of British Dental Nurses, Clare Faulkner considers the role of the dental nurse
Deal or no deal
Authors: Newsome Bob
Published: September 2019

Whatever the outcome of Brexit, Bob Newsome, Managing Director at infection control specialists dentisan, is confident that British manufacturers will be ready and able to maintain a consistent supply of goods to the dental profession.
Children must have agency
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: September 2019

As a new school year begins and with it, Ofsted's new inspection framework and pilots of the baseline assessment, Sue Allingham urges readers to look beyond the media's inflammatory headlines and make their own judgements.
Time to go plastic-free?
Authors: Clay Katie
Published: September 2019

eye, MA Education Ltd, St Jude's Church, Dulwich Road, London, SE24 0PB or email: karen.faux@markallengroup.com
Why there is no quick fix for the sector's woes
Authors: Cowley Sue
Published: September 2019

With a change in Prime Minister, the idea of more public spending seems to have been super charged, but what does this mean for early years settings and does it herald an end to austerity?
Making it real
Authors: Webster Chloe
Published: September 2019

With new approaches to learning developing all the time, from forest schools to the Curiosity Approach, practitioners risk implementing half-hearted attempts at pedagogy, says Chloe Webster.
Next steps: becoming independent learners
Authors: Solly Kathryn
Published: September 2019

Kathryn Solly provides an update on the developmental progress of her grandchildren, Emilia and Jack, exploring their relationships and communication skills, including the use of sign language.
Pedagogy made powerful
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: September 2019

The London Early Years Foundation degree is leading the way for staff development. Karen Hart speaks with its senior lecturer and one of its first students, to learn about progress and next steps.
What makes a good leader
Authors: Baker Charlotte
Published: September 2019

Having a clear vision, thinking creatively and strong interpersonal skills provide the makings of an effective leader but a setting can only work harmoniously if everyone in a team understands their role.
Tuff decisions
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: September 2019

Ailsa Chapman re-visits that stalwart of early years resourcing – the tuff tray, and suggests ways to extend its scope, with a range of imaginative ideas that children can take in any direction.
What children learn from messy play
Authors: Gascoyne Sue
Published: September 2019

In this extract from Messy Play in the Early Years, Sue Gascoyne provides a theoretical perspective on children's ‘material engagements’, while keeping hands-on practice clearly in view. A deeper understanding of messy play is key to making it an exciting learning opportunity for all children.
Book Reviews
Authors: Rook Olivia
Published: September 2019

Practitioners are often tasked with finding answers to challenging situations. This month's selection of professional books can provide some help and guidance. Reviews by Olivia Rook.
‘Let children have a go’
Authors: Rook Olivia
Published: September 2019

Kerry Smith (below), a pedagogical coordinator at Little Barn Owls Nursery, reveals why the children in her setting have developed a sculpture garden, how her team manages challenging behaviour, and her favourite way to relax outside of work.
Too young for big school?
Authors: Tanuku Purnima
Published: September 2019

Parents may be attracted to the choice of school-based nurseries, but they should not forget that PVI nurseries provide excellent care and education and are held to the same high standards.
Monkey Do!
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: September 2019

The fourth part of this series linking maths and children's books focuses on Monkey Do! by Allan Ahlberg and Andre Amstutz. As the Monkey jumps from page to page, use it as an opportunity to teach children in your setting about positional language.
Chain reaction
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: September 2019

The first in this ‘little scientist’ series explores the nature of chemistry and outlines some simple but exciting experiments, which will ignite children's curiosity and encourage them to make predictions based on what they see.
‘A spider on my knee!’
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: September 2019

Autumn brings plenty of inspiration for artworks – from the appearance of many spiders to the vibrant patterns that feature in Diwali celebrations. Karen Hart explores how you can mark these seasonal changes and festivities in your setting.
Drawing and painting
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: September 2019

Drawing chalk pictures on the ground, painting fences with water and even leaving smudged fingerprints on the wall are all examples of children experimenting with mark making. Find out how you can encourage them to push their skills further.
Take a swing
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: September 2019

Hitting a ball with a stick is fun. Add in a target and it becomes a challenge. Use the correct terminology and it becomes a new hobby. Let children experiment with golf equipment and develop their own swing style, says Jenni Clarke.
A rhyme hunt
Authors: Harris Judith
Published: September 2019

Judith Harries discusses how children can use the word play, onomatopoeia and rhyme found in Michael Rosen's much-loved children's books to develop their speaking skills and cooperative play.
Introducing the Slave Next Door
Authors: Birks Jen , Gardner Alison
Published: September 2019

Past studies have indicated that the British public consider human trafficking to be remote from their personal experiences. However, an increase in local press reporting, alongside the emergence of locally co-ordinated anti-modern slavery campaigns, is starting to encourage communities to recognise the potential for modern slavery and human trafficking to exist in their own localities. In this article, we examine how local media and campaigns may be influencing public perceptions of modern slavery and human trafficking. We draw upon a content analysis of local newspapers to review how reports represent cases of modern slavery, and use focus group discussions to understand how local coverage modifies—and sometimes reinforces—existing views. We find that, whilst our participants were often surprised to learn that cases of modern slavery and human trafficking had been identified in their area, other stereotypical associations remained entrenched, such as a presumed connection between modern slavery and irregular migration. We also noted a reluctance to report potential cases, especially from those most sympathetic to potential victims, linked to concerns about adequacy of support for survivors and negative consequences relating to immigration. These concerns suggest that the UK’s ‘hostile environment’ to migrants may be undermining the effectiveness of ‘spot the signs’ campaigns, by discouraging individuals from reporting.
The Quest to End Modern Slavery: Metaphors in corporate modern slavery statements
Authors: Ras Ilse , Gregoriou Christiana
Published: September 2019

This paper focuses on the modern slavery statements of three major UK high street retailers who are known for their relatively pro-active approach to the debate on corporate responsibility for ethical trading. Drawing on our earlier research in relation to metaphors in British newspaper reporting of modern slavery and human trafficking since 2000, we explore the metaphors that recur across the statements these companies have published in 2016, 2017 and 2018. These statements were published in accordance with the UK Modern Slavery Act 2015, which requires all commercial organisations operating in the UK, with a turnover greater than GBP 36 million, to publish an annual statement outlining the work done to assess and address (the risk of) modern slavery in their supply chains. We find that the metaphors used in these statements generally fail to acknowledge the agency of those workers affected by modern slavery and labour exploitation in a broader sense, the potential complicity of the retailers in sustaining an exploitative industry, and the underlying socio-economic factors that leave workers vulnerable to exploitation. We conclude that more needs to be done to account for the causes of modern slavery so that retailers can prevent rather than react to it.
Immune-inflammatory concept of the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Vatnikov Yu , Rudenko A. , Rudenko P. , Kulikov Ev , Karamyan A. , Lutsay V. , Medvedev I. , Byakhova V. , Krotova E. , Molvhanova M.
Published: September 2019

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy is common in dogs. This form of cardiomyopathy is the main cause of death due to heart disease in dogs. Death can occur suddenly in clinically normal animals as a result of the progression of congestive heart failure (CHF). The pathogenesis of heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy involves activation of the neurohumoral system and immune-mediated inflammation, which leads to further progression of the condition. Heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy is caused by the progressive loss of cardiomyocytes, apoptosis, remodeling of the left ventricle, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, reduced cerebral blood flow, the involvement of other key internal organs, and intestinal dysbiosis.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the immunological and inflammatory mechanisms surrounding the development of heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were dogs with a dilated form of cardiomyopathy (n=159), complicated by various functional classes of heart failure syndrome. Evaluation of myocardial remodeling, systolic function, and systemic hemodynamics was performed using EMP-860 Vet and PU-2200V ultrasound scanners according to the standard technique. Electrocardiography was performed with all dogs in right lateral recumbency using the EK1T-04 Midas electrocardiograph (50 mm/s speed and 1 mV gain = 1 cm).

Results: In some affected animals, especially in cases of compensated dilated cardiomyopathy, leukocytosis was noted. In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by heart failure syndrome of various functional classes, the number of neutrophils was significantly increased, and the number of lymphocytes was decreased by 1.9-2.1 times when compared with those in clinically normal animals. In dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy, neutrophilic leukocytosis develops with a simple regenerative shift to the left. The results of immunological studies indicate that dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy develop T lymphocytopenia as compared with clinically normal animals.

Conclusion: The central component of heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy is the activation of the neurohumoral system and immune-mediated inflammation. The development of CHF in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy is caused by the progressive loss of cardiomyocytes, apoptosis, remodeling of the left ventricle, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, reduced cerebral blood flow, involvement of other key internal organs, and intestinal dysbiosis.
Influência da interação rio-aquífero sobre a distribuição vertical da meiofauna hiporreica
Authors: Freitas Jonathas Barbosa de Araújo , Carbal Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira , De Paiva Anderson Luiz Ribeiro , Veras Tatiane Barbosa , Monteiro Rafael Vinícius de Albuquerque
Published: September 2019

Entre os processos de autopurificação natural que ocorrem na zona hiporreica, estão os de aspecto biológico, onde os organismos da meiofauna desempenham importantes funções, favorecendo a melhoria da qualidade da água de recarga do aquífero subjacente ao rio. São diversos os fatores que influenciam a distribuição vertical da comunidade meiofaunística como o hidrodinamismo na massa hídrica superficial e a disponibilidade de matéria orgânica e oxigênio nas camadas mais profundas. Por isso, este artigo objetivou avaliar a influência destes dois fatores na distribuição vertical da meiofauna hiporreica em três pontos do rio Beberibe-PE. O hidrodinamismo foi considerado como resultado direto do regime pluviométrico e o fluxo vertical entre o rio e o aquífero foi analisado a partir de medições realizadas em três períodos pluviométricos distintos com auxílio do piezômetro diferencial. A análise da distribuição vertical da meiofauna foi realizada a partir do levantamento da abundância média em camadas de 2 cm até a profundidade de 10 cm. Foram contabilizados 4906 indivíduos pertencentes a 8 grupos taxonômicos. Os resultados mostraram que as camadas superficiais foram as mais abundantes. Entretanto, a diminuição desta abundância não se deu gradativamente com a profundidade, provavelmente por uma vazão maior do rio no período chuvoso e/ou por condições de rio influente. Apesar de que estes fatores não demonstraram um caráter completamente determinante sobre a distribuição vertical.
Sorção da sulfadiazina em solo urbano: experimentação e modelagem
Authors: Silva Júnior Emidio Dias , Coutinho Artur Paiva , Dos Santos Neto Severino Martins , De Gusmão da Cunha Rabelo Ana Emilia Carvalho , Dantas Antonino Antonio Celso , De Lima Valmir Felix , Salgueiro Gondim Manuella Virginia
Published: September 2019

A interação dos poluentes na zona vadosa é fundamental para determinação do grau de vulnerabilidade da água subterrânea quando do transporte de contaminantes no solo. O presente trabalho apresenta a interação do antimicrobiano sulfaziadina (SDZ) em solo urbano na cidade do Recife. A cinética e isoterma de sorção da SDZ foram determinadas em quatro profundidade de um perfil de solo urbano. As concentrações da sulfadiazina foram determinadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC) com detecção por absorção ultravioleta. Os estudos de cinética demonstraram que a sorção foi rápida nas primeiras dez horas do período de contato entre o solo e a solução da SDZ. O equilíbrio foi alcançado com 24 horas de interação nas quatro camadas. O modelo de segunda ordem apresentou os melhores ajustes da cinética de sorção em todas as profundidades com valores de R¬2 entre 0,94 a 0,98. O modelo que melhor se adequou na representação das isotermas de sorção foi o modelo Linear.  Os baixos valores de KD (1,3 a 1,9 L.kg-1) indicam alta mobilidade e elevado risco de contaminação das águas subterrâneas por esse composto.
Millenniaâ€™s impulsive buying behavior: does positive emotion mediate?
Authors: Choirul Achmad , Artanti Yessy
Published: September 2019

Indonesian buying behavior, especially on generation Y or millennialism, tends to be impulsive, and the rapid development of the retail fashion business allows marketers to learn and formulate the strategy. As a group of people, millennialism is a potential market segment. This study tries to investigate the role of hedonic shopping motives, fashion involvement, and store atmosphere toward positive emotion and impulsive buying. The study also tests the mediating role of positive emotion. Judgmental sampling was employed to collect data from 220 respondents of millennialism in Surabaya, and the relationships were analyzed using path analysis. The study confirms that hedonic shopping motives have no significant effect on impulsive buying, whereas both fashion involvement and store atmosphere have a significant effect on impulsive buying. All hedonic shopping motives, fashion involvement, and store atmosphere have a significant effect on positive emotion. On the contrary, positive emotion has no significant effect on impulsive buying. It also does not mediate the effect of hedonic shopping motivation, fashion involvement, and store atmosphere towards impulsive buying. This study provides novel and useful insights into the complex impulsive buying by millennial by expanding the application of both fashion involvement and store atmosphere for fashion marketers.