bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Value-at-Risk Based on ARFIMA-FIAPARCH-SKST Model
Authors: Tan Bin
Published: December 2012

This paper focus mainly on some important stylized facts in financial market, such as long memory, asymmetry and leverage effect, and so on, and apply ARFIMA-APARCH-SKST model to measure dynamic Value at Risk, at the same time, ARMA-EGARCH(APARCH)-SKST, ARFIMA- FIEGARCH-SKST are used to compare empirical effect of different risk model, at last, we apply LRT method to test accuracy of risk model. Our results indicate that all models used in this paper can measure dynamic VaR at 95%, 99% and 99.5% confidence levels, and there is no significant difference for different risk model for different stock markets. Moreover, we find also that long memory is not more valuable stylized fact than asymmetry for SSEC and S&P500.
A Graph Partition Model for Cross Docking Schedule Problem
Authors: Huang Jun , Wang Hai Bo
Published: December 2012

Cross docking has been received a great attention in logistics field. This study uses graph theory to solve cross docking schedule problem. A specific example is given and a node oriented, graph partition model is introduced to exploit a new way in dealing with the cross docking schedule problem.
Knowledge Innovation Network of Advanced Manufacturing System
Authors: Dong Kai
Published: December 2012

For the advanced manufacturing network, the depth of knowledge innovation is the key to measure its success. This paper points out the necessity to design an effective knowledge innovation network, and presents it from the aspects of connotation, structure and training. Writer put forward a SVM dynamic mechanism of knowledge innovation, which emphasizes innovation culture, mutual trust and information network technology as the core. Research results show that, compared with traditional methods, knowledge innovation network can significantly improve the efficiency of innovation and manufacturing.
Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing Analysis of 3D 5-Directional Braided Composites
Authors: He Xiao Li , Wang Rui , Liu Chong , Zhang Qian Qian
Published: December 2012

Defects might be formed within braided composites because of the special production process and would have negative effects on the mechanics performance of 3D braided composites. It is important to test and analyses defects to take preventive measures for preventing their formation. In this paper, defects of 3D braided composites were analyzed and methods of nondestructive testing were introduced. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing is one of the earliest methods of nondestructive testing used to evaluate composites. Ultrasonic nondestructive tests of 3D 5-directional braided composites were carried in this paper and the characteristics values were extracted by wavelet analysis method and defect qualitative analysis was implemented.
Creation of Stock Analysis System Depend on the Prediction Research of Individual Stock Price Behavior by Moving Average Method
Authors: Ling Pang Wen
Published: December 2012

The Taiwan stock market has millions of investors. If each investor spends $5,000 NTD each month on a professional technical analysis system and it is conservatively estimated 100,000 investors would use the system, the market potential will be $500 million NTD. If we can seek out irregular general rules of stock price data on stock market and further make predictions to some extent, the return on investment may be effectively raised, and investment loss reduced for the investors. This study will take Taiwan stock market as data source and use Moving Average Method (MA) to conduct study and analysis of stochastic data of stock price. One stocks (TSMC) typical in Taiwan’s industries and with large-cap index weights are studied to explore whether there are any specific changes and regularities in seemingly irregular stock prices.. We should depend on the front research to develop an effective stock trading analysis system, and we can help investors obtain profits. At the same time, the system users can also make more considerable profits.
A Game Theory Based Analysis of the Tacit Knowledge Sharing and Incentive Mechanism
Authors: Niu Gen Yi
Published: December 2012

Tacit knowledge sharing is the basis and prerequisite of knowledge innovation. In this paper the incentive mechanism of tacit knowledge sharing is proposed to improve tacit knowledge sharing. Firstly, game theory is introduced, and then we analyze the knowledge sharing and mechanism. Finally, Static and repeated game models of knowledge sharing are constructed. The results indicate that infinite repeated game can solve “Prisoner's dilemma” of knowledge sharing in the one-time game.
Changes of Mechanical Properties of Steel 12Cr18Ni10Тi after Electrolytic-Plasma Cementation
Authors: Kurbanbekov Sherzod , Skakov Маzhyn , Scheffler Michail , Naltaev Azret
Published: December 2012

In the present work the results of electrolytic-plasma treatment influence on the mechanical properties and structural-phase condition of steel’s 12Cr18Ni10Ti surface layers. In the work, the mechanical characteristics of steel’s surface layers are investigated, cemented in electrolytic plasma with the composition of 10 % Nа2CO3 and 10 % С3Н8О3. The operational parameters for the processing are determined. The optimal content of components in saturating mixtures of plasma by cementation is defined. According to the study it is found that, after electrolyte plasma processing, high wear resistance and hardness increased in 2-2.5 times more than in the original condition. The hardened layer with thickness 30-65 µm is formed. It is shown that after the electrolyte-plasma processing of steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti, microstructure contains particles of carbides and has a fine-grained martensitic structure.
Mould Risk Assessment Based on RST-BN Approach
Authors: Zhou Yong Quan , Tan Xu
Published: December 2012

Mould industry is crucial to all manufacturing fields, but there has been very little research work of mould project risk assessment in the world so far, it doesn’t match with mould’s important role in all industries. Mould project risks often became issues, made over 8% rework rate after mould delivery and 20% process rework rate in average. This paper summarized the disadvantage of FTA-BN approach to quantitative risk assessment of mould project, which is widely used in other industry fields, and proposed RST-BN approach instead, The attribute selection and fault diagnosis was developed based on the advantage of rough set theory (RST), to deal with the incomplete, vague and ambivalent data by the innovation algorithms of Core reduction and Unred reduction of attributes. The rough set approach enables one to discover the minimal subsets of condition attributes associated with risk events of mould project, to make BN modeling simpler and effective for quantitative risk assessment. Through a case study, our research result shows that the RST-BN is a promising approach for quantitative risk assessment of mould project development for mould-maker to rank risks and make mitigation plan in advance.
Preparation, Characterization of Cu Nanowires and their Tribological Property in Liquid Paraffin
Authors: Zhang Xi Feng , Zhou Ying , Li Ke Wei , Huang Jing
Published: December 2012

In order to synthesize morphology and structure-controlled nano-copper, chemical reduction synthesis method was used coalescing microwave-assisted and modification. Cu nanowires with diameters of 20 to 25nm and lengths of 1.2 to 2.1μm were yielded by reduction of copper acetate tetrahydrate of (1, 2)-propanediol system using ascorbic acid as a reductant, polyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) as a modifier and by microwave-assisted heating. The microstructure of these nanowires has been characterized by XRD and TEM. The XRD patterns indicate that the lattice parameters of these Cu nanowires are enlarged about 1.162% while the lattice parameters of Cu nanospheres are reduced about 1.024%. The growth mechanism of Cu nanowires is also suspected. The anti--wear and reducing friction performance of liquid paraffin with either Cu nanowires or Cu nanospheres has been measured by ball--on--disk UMT--II tribometer. It is found that the tribological performance of liquid paraffin with nano-Cu is improved, and the enhancement of improvement with Cu nanowires is better than with Cu nanospheres.
Study of Magnetism of Two-Dimensional Ferromagnetic Graphene
Authors: Mi Bin Zhou , Xue Yong Hong , Wang Huai Yu , Zhou Yun Song , Zhong Xiao Lan
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic graphene nanostructures, especially the dependence of the magnetism on finite temperature, are investigated by use of the many-body Green’s function method of quantum statistical theory. The spontaneous magnetization increases with spin quantum number, and decreases with temperature. Curie temperature increases with exchange parameter J or the strength K2 of single-ion anisotropy and spin quantum number. The Curie temperature TC is directly proportional to the exchange parameter J. The spin-wave energy drops with temperature rising, and becomes zero as temperature reaches Curie temperature. As J(p,q)=0, ω1=ω2, the spin wave energy is degenerate, and the corresponding vector k=(p, q) is called the Dirac point. This study contributes to theoretical analysis for pristine two-dimensional magnetic nanomaterials that may occur in advanced experiments.
Effect of UV Irradiation on the Migration of DEHP from Food-Grade PVC Film into Packaged Ground Meat
Authors: Zhang Shuang Ling
Published: December 2012

Effect of UV irradiation on the migration of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) plasticizers from food-grade PVC film into packaged ground meat that had various levels of fat content (i.e. 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) was studied. After 20 h of UV irradiation (intensity 900µW cm-2)，the amount of migrated DEHP had a dramatic increase by 2.55, 2.75, 2.18 and 2.16 times in comparison to that in control samples having a fat content of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively. The migration was intensified greatly by the UV irradiation of 8 to 12 h. There were 220.10 mg kg-1, 245.88 mg kg-1, 291.18 mg kg-1, and 357.40 mg kg-1 DEHP migrating from the PVC film into the ground meat during these periods, which contributed a large proportion to the final total amounts of DEHP, being 66.6%, 57.5%, 60.6% and 68.7% of 20 h of UV irradiation, for the ground meat of fat content of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively. These results indicate that safety risk of packaged food will increase when the packaged food is under UV irradiation.
Full-Scale Fire Testing of the Traditional Organic Insulation Materials for External Wall of Buildings
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Zhang Fan , Yin Chao Lu , Luo Yun Song , Lin Shi Ying , Zhang Shao Juan
Published: December 2012

This paper focused on the evaluation of burning performance of the traditional organic insulation materials for external wall of building, such as XPS, EPS and PU foam. Results of full-scale fire testing showed that if the LOI of organic materials reach Class B2 requirements, and the organic insulating layer has been protected by thin plastering, then the fire will not spread during the full-scale practical fire testing.
Application of the Fuel Cell in the Hybrid-Electric Vehicle
Authors: Zhang Hai Gang , Li Xiao Bin , Qian Wei Guo
Published: December 2012

This paper presents an improved and easy-to-use battery dynamic Hybrid-Electric Vehicle model. The fuel cell electrical subsystem and the energy management subsystem of the HEV are validated experimentally. An interesting feature of this model is the simplicity to extract the dynamic model parameters from FCV (fuel cell vehicle). Finally, the HEV model is simulated in the matlab simulation software .The results show that the model can accurately re-present the dynamic behavior of the HEV.
Preparation of High Performance Silicon/Carbon Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Battery by High Energy Ball Milling
Authors: Kong Ling Long , Zhao Jie , Wang Zhi Yuan , Li Lei , Xu Ning , Ma Xu
Published: December 2012

Silicon/carbon anode materials of different proportions for lithium ion battery were prepared by high energy ball milling. The composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrochemical performance of the composites was tested by means of galvanostatic testing system. The results indicated that the initial reversible capacity reached to 2162 mAh•g-1, which was much larger than the theoretical capacity of carbon negative materials at the ratio of 6:4 (Si: C). The capacity maintained to 1042 mAh•g-1 after 50 cycles. High capacity and good cycle property of the Si/C composites revealed that they were potential to take the place of the traditional carbon anode materials.
Study on Purification of Solar Grade Polysilicon
Authors: Liu Jian Xiu , Qiu Hui
Published: December 2012

To introduce the productive technology and purification method of the domestic and overseas solar grade polysilicon. We will combine with the directional solidification and vacuum melting, select the appropriate technological parameter and use the U.S. GT polysilicon ingot furnace in the solar grade polysilicon preparation. In the growth of the ingot, cut the top, the second and the lowest impurities deposited layer, leaving the middle of the good parts to wait for slice. Meanwhile, we can observe purification effect through SEM and EDS experiment. The results show that the combination of the purification process of directional solidification and vacuum melting method can effectively purify solar grade polysilicon.
Experiment and Research on the Waste Tire Rubber in the Whole Sugarcane Harvester
Authors: Shen Zhong Hua , Li Shang Ping , Ma Fang Lan , Liu Hai , Wang Yong Jian
Published: December 2012

Stripping leaves system is the core system of small whole stalk sugarcane harvester, and the leaf -peeling element is a key part of the stripping leaves system. At present a lot of problems such as large amount of use and short service life exists in the leaf –peeling brush of the sugarcane harvester in China. As a result of waste tire’s wide range of source, lower price, the experiment shows that waste tire rubber processed could be used as leaf –peeling brush, which has a good effect on stripping leaves and top broken.
Stress Characteristics Analysis on a Composite Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Zhou Peng Zhan , Tan Fang Sheng
Published: December 2012

The stress characteristics on a composite wind turbine blade are analyzed by using a finite element method. The whole stress level of the spar cap and the blade root is higher than that of the shear web and the airfoil plate, so the spar cap and the blade root are the main force-supporting parts. If the stress concentration point on the interface corner between the blade root and the shear web is neglected, the stress of the spar cap is higher than that of the blade root, and its maximum stress and mean stress are 211 MPa and 180 MPa respectively. The maximum stress of the blade is only 34.8% of the tensile stress of the glass-fiber/epoxy composites. It indicates that the laminate structural design of the blade is inclined to be safety.
Studies on Bending Limitations for the Optimal Fit of Orthopaedic Bone Plates
Authors: Malekani Javad , Schmutz Beat , Gudimetla Prasad , Gu Yuan Tong , Schuetz Michael , Yarlagadda Prasad
Published: December 2012

Distal tibial fractures are now commonly treated via intermedullary plate fixation due to higher rates of union and lower rates of postoperative complications. However, patient specific bone morphology demands manual deformation of the plate to ensure appropriate fit along the bone contours, and depending on the material of the plate, different outcomes have been reported along with postoperative complications. A comparative analysis of Stainless Steel 316L and Ti-6Al-4V alloys was carried to estimate the safe bending limit for appropriate fits. The results from the ANSYS FEA simulations were validated with experiments based on ASTM F382-99. It is found that SS316L is better suited for large deformations (up to 16˚ in proximal tip and 7.5˚ in distal end) and Ti for smaller deformation contours (up to 3˚ in proximal tip and 1.8˚ in distal end). The results of this study have profound implications for the choice of plates based on preliminary radiographical fracture examinations to ensure better fixation and higher rates of union of distal tibial fractures.
Wound Healing Activity of Carbonized Rice Husk
Authors: Akimbekov Nuraly , Mansurov Zulhair A. , Jandosov J. , Digel Ilya E. , Gossmann Mathias , Аrtmann Gerhard M. , Temiz Artmann Aysegul , Zhubanova Azhar A.
Published: December 2012

The carbonized rice husk (CRH) was evaluated for its wound healing activity in rats using excision models. In this study, the influences of CRH on wound healing in rat skin in vivo and cellular behavior of human dermal fibroblasts in vitro were investigated. The obtained results showed that the CRH treatment promoted wound epithelization in rats and exhibited moderate inhibition of cell proliferation in vitro. CRH with lanolin oil treated wounds were found to epithelize faster as compared to controls.
Application of Fiber Reinforced Composites for Wushu Equipment
Authors: Chen Wei , Liu Chao
Published: December 2012

This article analyzes the introduction of advanced materials into Wushu equipment, which provides a turning point for the development of sports equipment in national traditional sports. It helps change the traditional Wushu conditions as well as offers strong support to the development of Wushu competition and Wushu standardized development. Therefore, based on the advantage of fiber reinforced composite materials application in Wushu equipment, the application of fiber reinforced composites in Wushu instruments, clothing, protective gear and target is described.
Study on the Biodegradability of Protein Fibers and Their Products in Activated Sludge
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ying , Niu Jian Tao , Tian Qi Lei
Published: December 2012

In order to study the biodegradability of protein fibers and their products, wool and silk fabrics were selected as the samples, and they were buried in the activated sludge of the riverside. Moreover, changes in the surface morphological structure and internal microstructure after degradation were observed and tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results indicated that the degradation rate of wool fiber was higher than that of mulberry silk fiber in the activated sludge. In addition, with the increase of degradation time, there were traces gradually gnawed by microorganisms and some millipores and cracks appeared. Buried in the activated sludge for 40 days, both wool fiber and mulberry silk fiber formed new diffraction peaks near the place of 2θ=26°, meanwhile, the molecular structure of the fibers changed and the crystallinity decreased accordingly.
The New Synthesis of Organic Light-Emitting Material BHBT Monomer by Stille Coupling
Authors: Zhuang Xiao Xiao , Lei Xiao Long , Sun Xiao Xia
Published: December 2012

Heterocyclic monomer based on 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole bearing solubilizing side chains have been synthesized in high yields over three steps from readily available starting materials. The alkyl side chain in the 4-position of both thiophene rings gives the material mononer a good solubility.
Research on Dual Liquid Bimetal Composite Casting Lining Board
Authors: Rong Shou Fan , Zhu Yong Chang , Guo Ji Wei , Zhou Hai Tao
Published: December 2012

Material wear such as abrasiveness, cavitations erosion, and grinding balls with large diameter etc, exists during the usage of ball mill lining board. The effect of the chemical contents, composite casting process and heat treatment parameter on the interface microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance were studied by the SEM, EDAX and TEM, etc. The results show that the bimetal interface formed an effective metallurgical bonding boundary without mixing. The impact toughness of the interface is higher than the working face. The bimetal composite lining board has a very good stability. The service life of the bimetal lining board is increased 70% than the medium carbon low alloy steel under the same service conditions and the process yielding is over 95%.
Morphology and Release Profile of Microcapsules Encapsulated Alpha-Pinene by Complex Coacervation
Authors: Wang Dan , Chi De Fu
Published: December 2012

The chitosan-gum arabic microcapsules prepared by complex coacervation were chosen as carrier for a model insect semiochemicals, α-pinene, owing non-toxicity of the polymers and mild conditions of the method. The coated colloids were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The release of α-pinene from microspheres was studied in simulated conditions. The results showed that α-pinene-loaded microspheres which were obtained by association had a mean diameter of 5±0.5µm. The encapsulation efficiency and the encapsulation yield of the α-pinene-loaded microspheres were about 51.70±2.5% and 42.11±2.3%, respectively. The release experiments revealed that polyelectrolytes prolonged the release time of the encapsulated α-pinene. The release rate of α-pinene from the microspheres was proportional to the release time.
The Research of Acoustic Characteristic from a Submerged Viscoelastic Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Zhang Yan Bing , Ren Chun Yu , Zhu Xi
Published: December 2012

In this paper, we designed a FGM which can be used as the cover of underwater target and research its mid-low frequency acoustic characteristic just as reflection and absorption coefficient. Based on transfer matrix method, we research the FGM acoustic reflection and absorption coefficient change with the variation of constituent material property, number of hierarchy, and volume fraction. We found that its reflection and absorption coefficient are determinated by material property and volume fraction, and could be equivalent to multi-layer composite structure with specific number of layers to address acoustic problems. If elastic layer added, both acoustic characteristic and mechanics characteristic could be improved, which contributes to the research and design of structure/acoustic stealth FGM.
Experiment and Micro-Mechanism Research of Fe2O3 Catalysis in Flue Gas Desulphurization in Magnetically Fluidized Bed
Authors: Zhang Yun Feng , An Jian Jun , Chang Zheng Rong
Published: December 2012

A new method of FGD-MFB was presented and the FGD-MFB experiment results showed the efficiency of the FGD-MFB could be improving not only with the enhancing of the intensity of the magnetic field, but also with the decreasing of the diameters of the magnetic particles: When the mean diameter of the magnetic particles(dp) is 220μm, the intensity of the magnetic induction(B) is 40mT,the ratio of the Ca(OH)2 and SO2 (Ca/S) is 1.85, the temperature of flue gas in inlet(T0) is 250°C, the desulphurization efficiency is up to 85.93%. Its micro-mechanism may be that Fe2O3 as an active center changed the formation laws of the desulfurization reaction and the magnetic field affected the characteristics of product and gas diffusion characteristics through by varying micro pore structure and surface layer and, which improve the utilization of calcium and the efficiency. To analyze the catalytic effect of the magnetic field and the magnetic particles on the desulphurization reaction , the instruments of EDAX、FEM and XRD were utilitzed.
The Oxidation Erosion in Carbon Materials for CZ Furnace
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhu Bo , Chen Yang , Wang Qiang , Qiao Kun , Wu Yi Min
Published: December 2012

In this work, on the basis of carbon materials microstructure and morphology, we study on the influence of carbon fiber content , graphite degree and metal impurities on oxidation performance of carbon materials. The result of oxidation test shows that there are more crystal defects at the interface of carbon fiber and carbon matrix, and oxidation activity of carbon atoms near the area of crystal defects is higher than others.Carbon materials with higher fiber content and higher graphite degree, has a better anti-oxidation performance. The presence of impurities, especially metal impurities play a catalysis role in oxidation of carbon materials. After purification, impurities escape from the graphite microcrystal,resulting that the distortion of lattice decreased, that cause the better anti-oxidation performance.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2 Film with Hierarchical Structure Prepared by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Guli Mi Na , Yao Jian Xi , Tian Hong Xing , Rao Wang Ping , Zhao Jing Yong
Published: December 2012

The TiO2 films with hierarchical structure consisting of porous structure and spinodal phase separation structure have been synthesized by sol-gel method. The influence of the different photomonomers, different coating times and different heat treatment temperatures on the structure and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 film has been investigated and the possible mechanism was proposed. The performances of as-prepared TiO2 films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared TiO2 films have been carried out by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under the UV irradiation. The results indicated that the as-prepared TiO2 film with hierarchical structure exhibited significant photocatalytic activity, which might be due to its high specific surface area and high-speed electron migration that enhanced the subsequent photocatalytic reactions and led to a positive synergistic effect.
Ni-Doping Effect on the Structural and Optical Properties of Sprayed ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Reddy M. Rajendraprasad , Sugiyama Mutsumi , Reddy K. T. Ramakrishna
Published: December 2012

Nickel-doped ZnO thin films with different Ni contents (0 - 15%) were deposited on glass substrate at 350°C by a spray pyrolysis technique. 0.1 M solutions of zinc acetate and nickel sulphate were used as the precursors with air as the carrier gas. The effect of Ni-doping on the structural and optical properties of the layers was evaluated using appropriate techniques. The X-ray diffraction studies revealed that nickel atoms were successively incorporated into ZnO host matrix without forming any detectable secondary phase. All the grown films were polycrystalline with the (002) plane as the preferred orientation and the peak position shifted towards higher diffraction angle with the increase of doping content in the films. The films had hexagonal shaped grains and the evaluated grain size varied in the range of 20 - 48 nm. The optical studies revealed a decrease of transmittance with the increase of Ni-doping content in the films and the evaluated energy band gap was found to be direct that decreased from 3.32 eV to 3.05 eV.
Chitin Nanofibers / Epoxy Resin Optically Transparent Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Shao Xu , Li Da Gang , Li Ai Jun , Gu Wen Biao
Published: December 2012

Chitin nanofibers were prepared from prawn shell by a simple mechanical treatment after the removal of proteins and minerals. Since the exoskeleton of prawn is made up of a finer structure nano-fibrillation of prawn shell is easy, which allows chitin nanofibers to be prepared under neutral pH conditions. The obtained nanofibers were observed by FE-SEM and found to have a uniform width of approximately 20-40nm and high aspect ratio that more than 1000. Due to the size effect of the chitin nanofibers, the nanocomposite films had high transparency that the chitin nanofibers/epoxy resin nanocomposite transmitted 85.2% of light compared to the light transmittance of pure epoxy resin（91%）and the light transmittance of pure chitin nanofibers sheet (70.1%) at a visible wavelength of 600nm. In the study the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) from 20 to 160°C of the epoxy resin sheet was measured to be 170 ppm/K. By adding 40 wt% of chitin nanofibers, the CTE of the epoxy resin dropped to 22 ppm/K, approximately 1/8th of its original value. The novel material is a candidate for transparent substrates in the manufacturing optoelectronic devices such as flexible displays and solar cells.
Fabrication of Polyelectrolyte/TiO2 Hybrid Membrane via a Simple Method and Characterization of its Thermal Behavior
Authors: Liang Shu Jun , Zhu Shi Ping
Published: December 2012

This study deals with the fabrication and characterization of polymer matrix thin films containing high content titanium dioxide (TiO2). Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) membrane incorporated with different percentages of TiO2nanoparticles were prepared by solvent casting. The morphologies of the films were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and its thermal behavior were characterised by thermogravimetry(TG). The results indicated that dense TiO2/polymer thin ﬁlms can been fabricated conveniently by solvent casting from aqueous solutions of TiO2/PDADMAC when the concentrations of TiO2were lower than 40 wt%, and the thermal stability of the TiO2/PDADMAC composites were greatly improved by the addition of TiO2moieties.
Preparation of Glass-Ceramics of Li2O-Al2O3-ZnO-SiO2 System Coating Toughed by ZrO2 Basic on Metal Substrate
Authors: Xu Bao Liang , Wang En Ze , Gong Wei , Yue Xiaoan
Published: December 2012

Glass-ceramics of Li2O-Al2O3-ZnO-SiO2 system coating on Q235 steel surface is prepared by sintering process, and improved hardness and fracture toughness of the coating through add appropriate ZrO2 in glass-ceramics. Post-mortem crystal process, sintering technology and microstructure of the coating were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray powder diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Maximum bending force and fracture deflection were measured by three point bending method. Results showed that main crystal phase of the coating were Li2Al2Si3O10 and Li8Zn10Si7O28. Crystallization temperature was about 670°C, optimized sintering temperatures was about 810°C, vickers hardness increased from 550 to 898 with an increase of 60%, maximum bending force increased from 1468 N to 1736 N with an increase of 18%, fracture deflection increased from 0.54mm to 0.65mm with an increase of 20%, and have a good combining ability between coating and metal substrate.
Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Behavior on Ti Foil Surface Prepared by Anodization
Authors: Liang Y. C. , Xu C.H , You Yu Fei , Tian M. Y. , Chen J. , Zhang H. P.
Published: December 2012

Hydrophilic/hydrophobic behavior on Ti foil surface prepared during anodization process was examined. The titanium foils were anodized in electrolyte contained 0.25wt% NH4F, 2.5vol% water and the ethylene glycol under direct voltage of 40V at room temperature for 3h. The anodized specimens were oscillated in ultrasonic clearer for 10 min or 30 min. The surface morphologies of the specimens during different stages of the process were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The wettability of specimen surface was estimated by measuring contact angle (CA) of water droplets on specimen surface. The results show wetting angle on the surface of the Ti specimens after anodization process is at the range of 149° to 153°, indicating hydrophobic or even superhydrophobic property. CAs on the anodized specimens after oscillation in ultrasonic clearer is at the range of 25° to 42°, indicating the hydrophilic property. Hydrophilic/hydrophobic behavior on Ti foil surface during the process was explained by morphology on titanium surface.
Electro-Spark Deposition of Composite TiB2-TiC on Electrodes’ Surface
Authors: Tan Fen Fang , Ping Luo , Xie Zhi Xiong
Published: December 2012

In order to improve the defects of multi-layer Ni/(TiCP/Ni)/Ni composite coating and only TiB2 layer.TiB2-TiC composite coating is a good way. Because TiB2-TiC composite coating layer has well stability in high temperature conditions, high conductivity and TiB2-TiC composite coating layer has better wetting with the surface of copper electrodes in resistance spot welding of Zn-coated sheet steel. The TiB2-TiC composite coating electrodes were investigated by electronic balance, SEM, and microscope during different coating parameters. The best coating parameters include：coating voltage is 24V、coating capacitance is 3000μf、coating time about 2~3 minutes.
An Efficient Algorithm Design for the One-Dimensional Cutting-Stock Problem
Authors: Wang Gui Cong , Li Chuan Peng , Lv Jie , Zhao Xiu Xia , Cui Huan Yong
Published: December 2012

A Two-level method is proposed to solve the one-dimensional cutting-stock problem during the production process in this paper. First, nested layer cycle is designed to enumerate all the feasible cutting patterns, then a integer linear programming model is established with quantity demands as the constraint. The best cutting scheme is obtained finally according to the branch and bound method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved through a real world example, the calculations demonstrate that scheme obviously improves the utilization rate of stock
Homotopy-Inspired Grenade Explosion Algorithm for Global Numerical Optimization
Authors: Yang Shi Da , Yi Ya Lin , Lu Yan Ping
Published: December 2012

Based on the concepts of homotopy, a novel Grenade Explosion Algorithm, called a homotopy-inspired Grenade Explosion Algorithm (HGEA),is proposed to deal with the problem of global optimization. Proceeding from dependent variables of optimized function,it traces a path from the solution of an easy problem to the solution of the given problem by use of a homotopy--|a continuous transformation from the easy problem to the given one.This novel strategy enables the Grenade Explosion Algorithm (GEA) to improve the search efficiency. Theoretical analysis proves that HGEA converges to the global optimum. Experimenting with a wide range of benchmark functions, we show that the proposed new version of GEA, with the continuous transformation, performs better, or at least comparably, to classic GEA.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation into the Aluminum Alloy Irregular Box Sheet Hydroforming Process
Authors: Wang Yong Ming , Lang Li Hui , Xie Ya Su
Published: December 2012

Sheet hydroforming process of one irregular box with unequal height and flat bottom was investigated by numerical simulation and experiment. The effect of blank shape and pressure loading path on the forming result was discussed. The key process parameter was optimized. The results have shown that the round blank is the best shape blank. The part can be formed with the appropriate blank shape and die cavity pressure.
Fabrication of Aluminum Clad Copper Tube by Planet Schràge Walzwerk Process
Authors: Zhang Xiao Li , Tian Fu Sheng
Published: December 2012

In the present paper, a fabrication process to roll-bonding aluminum clad copper tube(ACC) by Planet Schràge Walzwerk(PSW) has been introduced. Aluminum alloy(3003) as a outer tube layer and oxygen free copper(C12200) tube as a inner tube, were rolled to bond together using a PSW mill. Different specifications of ACC tube were selected to investigate the Al-Cu bonding layer thickness using scanning electronic microscope with EDX and bonding strength using peering test, and mechanical properties of ACC tube were also test. The experiment results indicated that Al-Cu composite layer is not only mechanical bonding but also metallurgical bonding with thickness of several micrometers. Moreover, tensile test indicated that the tensile strength of ACC was not less than 135 Mpa and elongation is about 35%, while peeling strength test showed that the two composite layers bond strength nearly arrived to 120 N/cm.
Research on Roll-Forging Process Simulation for Thick-Walled Hollow Part
Authors: Liu Hua Min , Wang Lei , Jin Ming Hua
Published: December 2012

Based on the rigid-plastic FEM program DEFORM-3D, the forming process of roll-forging for the thick-walled hollow parts has been simulated. The effect reduction on elongation and width-extension has been presented, and the difference between hollow part and solid part has been investigated in elongation and width-extension. This project can provide a reference for guiding the actual roll-forging for thick-walled hollow part.
Effect of Grain Size on Phase Transitions and Dielectric Properties of Nano-Crystalline Barium Titanate Ceramics
Authors: Wang Li Ming , Deng Xiang Yun , Zhang Hai Tao , Li Jian Bao , Chen Di , Chen Ri Ke , Zhang Guo Qing , Su Kui Fan , Wang Chun Peng
Published: December 2012

Barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramics with grain size varied from 1000 to 8 nm were prepared by two step sintering method (TSS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS), respectively. Mixture structures of BaTiO3 ceramics were proved by in-situ temperature high resolution x-ray diffraction. Multiple ferroelectric domains present in nano-crystalline BaTiO3 ceramics were observed by transmission electron microscope. The evolution of phase transitions supported the existence of intrinsic mechanism. Dielectric loss of fine grain size BaTiO3 was higher than coarse grain size during Curie phase transition due to diffuse phase transition and grain boundary effects.
Methods of Establishing Forming Limit Diagram of Tube Hydroforming
Authors: Hu Guo Lin , Yang Lian Fa , Liu Jian Wei
Published: December 2012

Forming severity is one of the significant indexes to assess formability of tube hydroforming. The state of strain can be accurately reflected when tube reaches forming limit, mechanical rules during forming processes can be revealed as well by using the forming limit diagram (FLD). By contrast with FLD of sheet metal, the FLD of tube hydroforming is seen as different. In this paper, the importance of FLD of tube hydroforming was discussed briefly; typical methods established to FLD of tube hydroforming were listed and classified; characteristics and insufficiencies of those methods were pointed out; advantages of forming limit stress diagram (FLSD) were introduced simply. Furthermore, the main problem and the trend of development in FLD of tube hydro-forming were summarized.
The Effect of Drawing Process on the Properties of Split-Film PTFE Fiber
Authors: Hao Xin Min , Yang Yuan , Huang Bin Xiang , Huang Lei , Zhang Guo Jun
Published: December 2012

From PTFE baseband prepared by three-dimensional drawing, after the processing of different temperature and time. And then by twisting, hot drawing and heat setting, the PTFE filament was prepared in appropriate tension conditions. The surface morphology of the resulting filaments was observed by SEM, the result shows that the uniformity of the PTFE membrane has been improved by using three-dimensional drawing process, hot drawing processes had a great effect upon the breaking strength and elongation at break of PTFE fibers. In order to keep ensure reasonable mechanical properties, the draw ratio in the range of 20 to 50 times to adjust the temperature controlled at 150°C to 300 °C.
Numerical Simulation of Discrete Die Bending of Rectangular Tube
Authors: Wei Qing Li , Zhong Xin , Song Qiu Ping
Published: December 2012

The concept of discrete die bending of rectangular tube is proposed, and the FE model is set up. The phenomenon of section distortion of rectangular tube generated by discrete die bending is analyzed. The feasibility of discrete die used for bending of rectangular tube is proved by comparing the section distorted rate generated by both discrete die and integral die. A lots of numerical simulation of the influence factors of section distortion are analyzed, the results show that larger the bending radius is or the thicker the rectangular tube is or the larger the yield strength of rectangular tube is, the smaller the section distorted rate will be. Then the dimple generated by discrete die is described, and the influence factors are studied, the results shows that the smaller the bending radius is or the thinner the rectangular tube is or the smaller the yield strength of rectangular tube is, the stronger the dimples on the rectangular tube will be.
Study on the Mechanism and Tool of the Uniform ER Finishing with Changeable Removal Rate Model of Free-Form Surface
Authors: Fu Yi , He Xin Sheng , Gao Chun Fu , Xie Chu Xiong , Huang Peng
Published: December 2012

At present, the finish machining process of workpiece with free-form surface has the disadvantages of complex trajectory planning, low machining efficiency and precision. To solve these problems, an idea of uniform ER finishing with changeable removal rate model is proposed in this paper. The rheological effect of ER fluid is used to change the magnetic field distribution in finishing areas; then the finishing pressure distribution is changed, that makes the material removal rate of every point in the contact area be approximately equal, so the aim of uniform removal is achieved. In this paper, the quantitative relationship between electric field intensity and finishing pressure is studied. Contrast experiments of finishing and removal effects are performed under the different conditions of electric field distribution. The ER finishing equipment is developed and the proposed finishing method is feasible and has the potential of obtaining the ultra precision.
Experimental Research on the Relation between Processing Parameters and Fractal Dimensions of the Machined Surface
Authors: Feng Zhi Xin , Cai Yu Jun , Li Zhen
Published: December 2012

In the finishing machining, processing parameters directly affects the quality of machined surface. While the micro topography of the surface maps with the fractal dimensions. The paper researched the relation between processing parameters and fractal dimensions through the experiments in order to obtain the relationship. Through the design of orthogonal rotation experiment, determine the experimental parameters. Then measure the experimental sample for the surface and calculate the fractal dimensions using the box counting method. In the end, obtain the functional relation of processing parameters and fractal dimensions by regression method. The results show that the specific processing parameters of the surface can predict the fractal dimension by this formula. And this provides reference for selection of processing parameters.
Effect of Metal Block on Stress Distribution in Weld-Bonded Steel Joint
Authors: Zheng Xiao Ling , Yan Jia Ling , You Min , Zhang Jiang Cheng , Song Lai Hu
Published: December 2012

The effect of metal block as the fillet on the stress distributed in weld-bonded single lap steel joint was investigated using elasto-plastic finite element method (FEM). The results from the numerical simulation showed that it is beneficial when the joints with a couple of right triangle metal block were adhered to both ends of the over lap. It is advantageous of reducing the peak stress in the adhesive layer near the ends of the lap zone in weld-bonded single lap steel joints so that the stress distribution in overlap zone was improved. The load-bearing capacity of the weld-bonded single lap steel joints may be elevated. There is no evidential difference in the effects between the steel and aluminum block.
Finite Element Analysis for Mechanical Part of Metal Embedded Resin Mineral Composites
Authors: Hao Shi Mei , Zhang Jian Hua , Wang Tao
Published: December 2012

To study the structural performance of resin mineral composites part with metal embedded, a series of finite element analysis for mechanical parts made of different materials such as cast iron, resin mineral composites (RMC), and metal embedded resin mineral composites (MRMC) are conducted respectively in this article. Different performances of these three kinds of materials are acquired by static and modal analysis. It is proved that mechanical part made of MRMC has advantages of static and dynamic performance, to meet the requirement of vibration reduction.
The Analysis for Influence of Connecting Rod Strength with the Change of Interference of Connecting Rod Small End Bushing
Authors: Kang Qing Ying , Cao Xiao Hui
Published: December 2012

Stress analysis was performed for certain connecting rod assembly by the finite element method, exploring the influence of connecting rod strength with the change of interference. After calculation, it was found that the stress in oil hole of connecting rod small end and bottom edge in the inner hole of connecting rod small end was large. Through the comparison of the different scheme, it got that : the change of the interference of connecting rod small end bushing had a great effect on the stress in oil hole and bottom edge. The increasing of interference made the stress of the bottom edge in the inner hole increase gradually and basically linearly; The maximum stress of oil hole decreased at first, and then increased. Without considering interference, maximum stress was 117MPa. When the interference was 0.01mm, maximum stress got the minimum value about 96MPa. After it, with the increasing of interference, maximum stress increased gradually. When the interference is relatively small, the breakout pressure plays a key role in the stress of oil hole of connecting rod small end, and when the interference is relatively large, the interference plays the leading role.
Elastic-Plastic Analytical Solution of Deep-Buried Circle Pervious Tunnel Based on Unified Strength Theory
Authors: Ma Qing , Zhao Jun Hai , Zhang Dong Fang
Published: December 2012

Mohr-Coulomb strength theory has been used to analyses the elastic-plastic analytical solution of pressure tunnel in the field of rock engineering for many years. Because it could only solve the problems with one kind of material, the application of the theory was greatly restricted. In order to reflect the effects of stress redistribution, the stress adjustment coefficient is introduced in this paper to develop the elastic-plastic analytical solution of deep buried circle tunnel based on the unified strength theory. The applicability formulas is gained based on the critical pressures, which can be obtained in other situations or strength thoeries simplified by assuming the parameter value in the formula. An example is analyzed, and the yield range versus the inner pressure and stress distribution are presented. The results show that the parameter in unified strength theory has significant effects on the radius of plastic zone and the magnitude of stresses of the wall rock of tunnel, comparing with theory of Mohr-Coulomb.
Influence on the Stress of Pavement with Crack in Surface from Flexible Transition Layer under Dynamic Loading
Authors: Tu Shuai , Sha Ai Min
Published: December 2012

After cracks appear in the surface layer, the stress mode of pavement structure transits from infinite continuum to limited size board, and the cracks become stress concentration areas. Based on the practical tire contact pressure and contact area, this paper establishes the C3D8R model by ABAQUS, to calculate and analyse the influence on the surface cracks extension from graded gravel transition layer under half-sinusoid load. Analysis shows that the graded gravel has excellent stress dissipation ability. Whether there are cracks in the surface layer, the graded gravel transition layer between asphalt surface layer and semi-rigid base layer could greatly reduce the tensile stresses in the bottom of semi-rigid base and subbase layers, improve the road bearing level, delay and avoid the cracks extension to deep road and prolong the road service life.
Notch Fracture Behavior of Cold-Rolled Ni3Al Foil
Authors: Cui Chuan Yong , Hirano Toshiyuki
Published: December 2012

Notch effect on the fracture behavior of the Ni3Al foils has been investigated as a function of notch radius and depth. Tensile tests along the rolling direction showed that notch weakening occurred with introduce of notch. The effective stress concentration factor (ke) was much lower than the theoretical stress concentration factor (Kt), which was due to the local plastic deformation at the notch root. Cracks initiated along the shear band in the RD tension.