bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Different Extracts from Purslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.)
Authors: AOUDEH Eyad , ŞAT İhsan Güngör , BİNİCİ Halil İbrahim
Published: January 2024

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) has been known as a medical herb with valuable nutritional and pharmacological properties. Herein, water, methanol, and acetone extracts were prepared from two morphologically different purslane samples, thereafter their content of β-carotene, chlorophyll a and b, total phenolic compounds (TPC), total ‎flavonoids, and total flavonols was evaluated. Additionally, DPPH• scavenging ‎activity and ferrous iron (Fe+2) chelating activity of these extracts were also measured. The acetone extract had the highest amounts of β-carotene (14.16 mg g-1 DW), chlorophyll a (40.46 mg g-1 DW), chlorophyll b (9.94 mg g-1 DW), TPC (51.01 mg GAE g-1 DW), ‎flavonoids (133.23 mg RE g-1 DW), and flavonols (46.94 mg RE g-1 DW). Whereas the lowest values were observed in the water extract, as 0.03 mg g-1 DW, 0.03 mg g-1 DW, 0.06 mg g-1 DW, (34.24 mg GAE g-1 DW, 10.98 mg RE g-1 DW, 3.28 mg RE g-1 DW, respectively. The acetone extract also showed higher DPPH• scavenging ‎activity (IC50 = 57.23 µg mL-1) compared to methanol (IC50 = 65.80 µg mL-1) and water (IC50 = 71.47 µg mL-1) extracts. Regarding the ferrous iron (Fe+2) chelating activity, methanol extract exhibited the highest value followed by water and acetone extracts, being 12.78, 10.20 and 6.08%, respectively. A positive correlation was detected between the DPPH• scavenging activities of the purslane extracts and their content of TPC, flavonoid, flavonol, β-carotene, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b. On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between chelating activity of the extracts and their content of β-carotene, chlorophyll a, TPC, flavonoids, flavonols, and DPPH scavenging activity. Purslane extracts could be suggested as a natural antioxidant substance for many pharmaceutical and food applications.
A Comparative Study of Bacillus Spp. Isolated from Various Sources and Commercial Food Supplements and Evaluation of Some Probiotic Properties
Authors: KAHRAMAN Burcu , ŞENOL Burcu Mine , DERTLİ Enes , ARICI Muhammet
Published: January 2024

Bacillus species are gram-positive, aerobic, peritrically flagellated and endospore-forming bacteria. They can be found everywhere in the environment, especially in soil (its common habitat), water, dust or in the air. Probiotics, which have beneficial health effects, constitute an important group of Bacillus species. This study aimed to isolate Bacillus from various sources, identify it molecularly and determine its probiotic properties.For this purpose, eight Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus clausii strains among 58 isolates from fish intestine, soil, ripened cheese and commercial probiotic supplements were identified and their probiotic properties were characterized. Firstly, Bacillus strains were molecularly identified by 16S rRNA PCR analysis. The growth of Bacillus isolates at various temperatures, salt concentrations, and pH levels, as well as tests for esculin hydrolysis, starch hydrolysis, nitrate reduction, and gas generation from glucose, were all investigated to assess the isolates' physiological and biochemical characteristics. In terms of probiotic potential of Bacillus isolates; tolerance of bile salt, cell surface hydrophobicity, auto aggregation, antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted. In all analyses, strains obtained from food supplements showed high levels of hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation properties, and the highest values following these strains were observed in Bacillus subtilis strains (F1 and S2) isolated from fish intestines and soil, respectively. All strains showed strong growth features in bile salt conditions. It has been determined that antibiotic sensitivity varies depending on the strain. Overall, high sensitivity to tetracycline has been observed. In summary, this study revealed the potential probiotic properties of Bacillus isolates obtained from different sources. The study also compared these probiotic properties with probiotic Bacillus strains isolated from food supplements.
Entegre Zararlı Yönetimi Programlarında Kullanılacak Bitki Koruma Ürünlerinin Risk Değerlendirmesi ve Seçimi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Cem
Published: January 2024

Türkiye’de tarımsal üretimin biyolojik çeşitliliği koruyarak sürdürülebilir bir şekilde yürütülmesi önem arz etmektedir. Ülkemiz tarım sektörünün üretimde yaşadığı, bazılarının ise kronikleştiği çeşitli sorunları bulunmaktadır. Verimli tarım alanlarının azalması, artan gıda talebi, genç neslin tarımdan uzaklaşması, girdi maliyetleri, kırsal kalkınma, küçük aile işletmeciliğinin ve buna bağlı olarak parçalı arazi yapısının yaygın olması ve iklim değişikliği gibi tarımsal üretimi ve verimliliği etkileyen pek çok sorun bulunmaktadır. Üretimde verimliliği etkileyen sebeplerden birisi de tarımsal üretimde görülen hastalık, zararlı ve yabancı otlardır. Biyolojik çeşitliliği koruyarak sürdürülebilir bir şekilde tarımsal üretim yapılmasının yolu Entegre Zararlı Yönetiminin (IPM) uygulanmasından geçmektedir. Entegre Zararlı Yönetiminde tarımsal zararlılara karşı bütün mücadele yöntemlerinin uyumlu bir şekilde kullanılması esas olup, biyolojik, biyoteknik ve kültürel önlemlere öncelik verilmektedir. En son çare olarak, Bitki Koruma Ürünlerinin (BKÜ) uygulanması istenmektedir. Bu nedenle, kullanılacak BKÜ’lerin insan sağlığına zararlı olmaması, çevre kirliliğine yol açmaması, parazitoid, predatör, pollinatörleri olumsuz etkilememesi ve ürünlerde kalıntıya sebep olmaması gerekmektedir. Yani BKÜ uygulamalarının gelişi güzel, bilinçsizce değil, akla, bilime, bilgiye dayalı ve biyolojik çeşitliliğin korunmasına yardımcı olacak şekilde sürdürülebilir olarak yürütülmesi esastır. Entegre Zararlı Yönetiminde kullanılacak BKÜ’lerin seçiminde, insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından oluşabilecek riskleri ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla aktif maddelerin memeli hayvanlar, balıklar, hedef dışı organizmalar (parazitoitler, predatörler) ve balarılarına etkileri ile topraktaki kalıcılıkları göz önüne alınarak risk değerlendirmeleri yapılmakta olup, biyolojikler, böcek gelişme düzenleyicileri gibi BKÜ’lere öncelik verilmektedir. Yürütülen risk değerlendirmesi çalışmaları sonucunda 495 aktif madde, 204 adet karışım, 13 adet biyolojik preparat, 21 adet biyolojik mücadele etmeni ve 1 adet safener olmak üzere toplam 734 adet BKÜ incelenmiş ve uygun olanlar entegre mücadele teknik talimatlarında üreticilerimizin ve ülke tarımımızın hizmetine sunulmuştur.
Karakteristik Keterampilan Guru Abad 21
Authors: Rahayu Rofita , Iskandar Sofyan , Kurniawan Dede Trie
Published: January 2024

Abstrak. Guru era abad 21 menyongsong generasi emas yang melek dengan IPTEK. Generasi emas adalah generasi muda yang mempunyai keterampilan abad 21 yaitu insan yang berkarakter, berpikir kritis, kreatif, inovatif, komunikatif, kolaboratif, dan kompetitif. Menyiapkan generasi emas Indonesia untuk kehidupan di abad ke-21 adalah sesuatu yang kompleks dan rumit. Berbagai tantangan yang harus dihadapi di era Revolusi 4.0 dan Society 5.0 seperti: globalisasi, teknologi, migrasi, kompetisi, perubahan di segala bidang, dan tantangan lingkungan. Upaya pemerintah menyiapkan segala perubahan ini diantaranya pembangunan di bidang pendidikan, dengan melakukan penyempurnaan dan pengembangan kurikulum serta peningkatan profesionalisme tenaga pendidik (guru). Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian literatur yang mana literatur yang diambil sesuai dengan pokok pembahasan dan di analisis secara mendalam sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan dan temuan dalam penelitian. Penelitian kualitatif dituntut mampu mengorganisasikan semua teori yang dibaca. Literatur yang diambil baik dari buku, artikel jurnal baik nasional maupun internasional dan literatur lainnya. Guru sebagai seorang pendidik di sekolah, haruslah memiliki kompetensi terbaik dalam bidangnya. Maju mundurnya suatu negara berada ditangan guru. Dalam menyiapkan generasi milenial yang tangguh, kreatif, inovatif, kompetitif yang berdaya saing dan cerdas tentunya diperlukan guru yang memiliki main set yang unggul dengan menerapkan kurikulum. Oleh karena itu untuk memberikan pendidikan yang berkualitas kepada peserta didik di era abad 21 ini menuntut guru untuk memiliki keterampilan teknologi yang dibutuhkan agar dapat memanfaatkan kekuatan komputer dan teknologi yang terkait dengannya untuk pengajaran yang efektif.Kata Kunci: Abad 21, Keterampilan Guru, Kinerja Guru
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Anak
Authors: Anwar Chairul , Jagat Lalu Surya , Yanti Ipri , Anjarsari Elly , Sholihah Nur Arifatus
Published: January 2024

Pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasisi teknologi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan anak di sekolah. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dirancang untuk mengetahui atau menggambarkan realitas peristiwa yang diteliti, untuk memudahkan penggalian informasi yang objektif. Hasil analisis data nilai validitas lingkungan belajar dua validator yaitu 5.20 yang masuk dalam kategori valid. Berdasarkan nilai total kualifikasi, lingkungan belajar berbasis PowerPoint cocok untuk digunakan pada subjek penelitian. Nilai valid dihasilkan dari ketercapaian indikator penilaian, kesesuaian penyajian materi pembelajaran dengan indikator pencapaian kualifikasi, dukungan media penyampaian konsep, kesesuaian materi pembelajaran dengan tujuan pembelajaran, ketepatan. dari materi pembelajaran. uraian mata pelajaran, urutan penyampaian mata pelajaran, kesesuaian gambar dan animasi untuk menggambarkan mata pelajaran, kesesuaian soal-soal praktik dengan tujuan pembelajaran, dan kejelasan uraian mata pelajaran. Adapun keferaktisan media tersebut dalam pembelajaran sangat praktis digunakan adapun respon guru menunjukkan nilai rata-rata respon di angka 5,67 dengan presentase 98,59 % dengan kategori sangat kuat, hasil respon peserta didik 5.57 dengan presentase 96.48 % dengan kategori sangat kuat.Kata Kunci:PengembanganMedia pembelajaranTeknologi
Data-to-Deal (D2D): An Emerging and Effective Approach to Financing the Climate Transition
Authors: Luscombe Hannah , Richardson Emma , Foster Vivien , Howells Mark , Quirós-Tortós Jairo , Jaramillo Gil Marcela , Money Alex , Taliotis Constantinos , Quejada Marietta , Chiang Pamela , Orozco Dileimy , Alfstad Thomas , Bock Franziska , Dominguez Christina , Partasides Georgios , Pye Steve , Mulugetta Yacob , Rogner Holger , Kinyanjui Boniface , Gullberg Monica , Cem Gundogan Arif , Isik Mine , Hawkes Adam , Millot Ariane , Beltramo Agnese , Woods Jeremy , van Dam Koen , Sridharan Vignesh , Tan Naomi , Zagato Ligia , Ryan-Collins Lily , Blythe Will , Achaichia Sarah , Fuchs Janina , Somavilla Lucas , Tesfamichael Meron , Sewe Raymond , Osei-Owusu Simone , Lubello Pietro , Zilliacus Johanna , Dali Slim , Abrahams Leslie , Montgomery Mikenna , Almada Rolando , Pearson Lucy , Cannone Carla , Dalkmann Holger , Yeganyan Rudolf , Edeme Darlain , Grafakos Stylianos , Vrochidis Ioannis , van der Lugt Iris , Pereira Ramos Eunice , Saavedra Gomez Valentina , Lee Sanji , Gankhuyag Uyanga , Pappis Ioannis , Lindblad Nicolina , Liza Michael , Zepeda Miramontes Eduardo , Emtairah Tareq , Mukuri Felister , Mutembei Martin , Tembo Bernard , Sharpe Simon , Shivakumar Abhishek , Walsh Gareth , Gentle Christopher , Ali Izhaar , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Guragain Dipesh , De León Denegri Felipe , Ahmed Imad , Mofor Linus , Stringer Martin , Mwabonje Onesmus , Sukpanit Paisan , Sherina Alvarez Paola , Zhang Riqi
Published: January 2024

Developing nations encounter significant challenges in accessing the necessary finance to meet climate goals. The emerging ‘Data-to-Deal’ approach is a collaborative effort by 60 specialists, which aims to address this by providing a flexible framework of options, tailored to individual country circumstances, aiming to enhance core functions and capabilities; it serves as a basis for concrete action, informing capacity building, technical assistance, and research. This paper argues for the mainstreaming of a holistic approach to accessing climate finance by outlining the components of the Data-to- Deal pipeline and showing the effectiveness of Data-to-Deal through the demonstration of its successful implementation in Costa Rica.
Riemann hypothesis equivalences,Robin inequality,Lagarias criterion, and Riemann hypothesis
Authors: Sabihi Ahmad
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we briefly review most of accomplished research in Riemann Zeta function and Riemann hypothesis since Riemann's age including Riemann hypothesis equivalences as well. We then make use of Robin and Lagarias' criteria to prove Riemann hypothesis. The goal is, using Lagarias criterion for $n\geq 1$ since Lagarias criterion states that Riemann hypothesis holds if and only if the inequality $\sum_{d|n}d\leq H_{n}+\exp(H_{n})\log(H_{n})$ holds for all $n\geq 1$. Although, Robin's criterion is used as well. Our approach breaks up the set of the natural numbers into three main subsets. The first subset is $\{n\in \mathbb{N}| ~ 1\leq n\leq 5040\}$. The second one is $\{n\in \mathbb{N}| ~ 5041\leq n\leq 19685\}$ and the third one is $\{n\in \mathbb{N}| ~ n\geq 19686\}$. In our proof, the third subset for even integers is broken up into odd integer class number sets. Then, mathematical arguments are stated for each odd integer class number set. Odd integer class number set is introduced in this paper. Since the Lagarias criterion holds for the first subset regarding computer aided computations, we do prove it using both Lagarias and Robin's criteria for the second and third subsets and mathematical arguments accompanied by a large volume of computer language programs. It then follows that Riemann hypothesis holds as well.
Exploring Learning Analytics In E-Learning: A Comprehensive Analysis of Student Characteristics and Behavior
Authors: Purwoningsih Tuti , Inayanto Wahyu , Yunus Muhammad
Published: January 2024

This article aims to explore learning analytics in e-learning through a comprehensive analysis of student characteristics and behavior. E-learning has become increasingly significant in education, particularly due to the social situation influenced by the pandemic. The Learning Management System (LMS) has become a crucial tool for educators to track and record student learning in e-learning environments. Learning analytics can aid in understanding the context of students, ensuring that they receive a personalized learning experience aligned with learning objectives. However, educators often face challenges in conducting learning analytics for e-learning students, primarily due to the large number of students to analyze and limited data availability. This study seeks to provide a detailed description of e-learning students within the Open and Distance Education (ODE) system. ODE students exhibit high diversity in demographic profiles, learning behaviors, and competency backgrounds. To support this research, we utilize datasets containing student demographic profiles and learning activity data during e-learning sessions. The datasets are obtained from the academic system and LMS log data of Universitas Terbuka. The article employs Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) and data science approaches as the foundation for predictive and prescriptive analytics of student learning outcomes. Relevant features are extracted from the dataset to build a robust predictive model. The analysis results present patterns and relationships between student characteristics, learning behaviors, and academic achievements. This research aims to provide valuable insights for the development of more effective and personalized e-learning strategies to enhance student learning outcomes in the context of distance education. Moreover, the analysis findings can serve as a basis for informed academic decision-making to improve the quality of e-learning environments.
Exploring English for Specific Purpose Students' Perceptions of Digital Materials in English Language Learning: Benefits, Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Romadhon Romadhon
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to discover how English for Specific Purposes (ESP) students perceived the utilization of digital resources during their language-learning process. A questionnaire with 20 statements divided into categories like usability, engagement, problems, and recommendations was completed by 28 study participants. According to a Likert scale that ranged from highly agree to strongly disagree, the participants gave their answers. The research found that ESP students generally had favourable opinions of digital resources. They thought the resources were easy to use, available on a variety of platforms and devices, and offered flexibility in their study. The participants acknowledged the motivating qualities of digital resources as well as their role in motivation and the growth of English language proficiency. They did, nonetheless, draw attention to several difficulties, such as the need for more help and technical problems. These opinions of ESP students toward digital materials are revealed, and this knowledge aids teachers and curriculum writers in creating resources for language acquisition that are beneficial. Future studies can concentrate on resolving the issues found and improving the advantages of digital resources in ESP scenarios.
Lobbying and Negotiation Techniques to Enhance Business Communication Skills through Virtual Reality Training: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Juliana Ari , Shabrina Nurqamarani Adisthy , Windyaningrum Rachmawati
Published: January 2024

Lobbying and negotiation skills are some of the required skills to succeed in business and social life. Conventional universities may develop their students’ skills through real-life scenarios while this could be challenging for open and distance universities which students are scattered around the world. Virtual Reality is an alternative technology that allows students to experience real-life scenarios in a simulated environment. This research aims to develop website-based Virtual Reality training to enhance learning in the business communication subject, with a specific focus on lobbying and negotiation techniques in distance education. This research adopts the Borg & Gall Research & Development (R&D) Method for educational research. This paper focuses on the preliminary stage which gathered the data required to construct a high-quality mood board and flowchart aligned with stakeholder needs to produce high-quality virtual reality training to enhance negotiation skills. Primary data is gathered through Focus Group Discussions involving students, tutors, and business communication practitioners. Additionally, secondary data is derived from extensive literature and document reviews, including relevant studies and documents. The result shows that informants are passionate about the idea of using virtual reality to enhance negotiation skills. Options of background, gender, and situation settings as well as interchangeable roleplay are preferred in boosting the motivation and enhancing the practical knowledge of negotiation skills.
Kontribusi Instructional Audio-Visual (IAV) dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Lingga Purwodani Dio , Hardika  , Dwi Soca Baskara  , Nabil Muttaqin
Published: January 2024

Pemanfaatan instructional audio-visual (IAV) dalam pembelajaran sejalan dengan pemenuhan gaya belajar dan karakteristik generasi Z. Namun sejauh ini belum diketahui bagaimana kontribusi IAV dalam pembelajaran dan bagaimana kesiapan beberapa pihak terkait seperti pengajar dan lembaga dalam mendukung ketersediaan IAV tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tinjauan literatur ini berfokus pada pemanfaatan IAV dalam pembelajaran online maupun offline. Artikel terkait IAV diidentifikasi antara tahun 2014-2023, yang diperoleh dari database eric, scopus dan google schoolar. Berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan didapatkan artikel yang selanjutnya dilakukan review secara mendalam. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap artikel terpilih ditemukan bahwa penggunaan IAV meningkat sejak munculnya pandemi covid-19 dan tidak mengalami penurunan meskipun covid-19 telah usai. IAV memiliki peran penting dalam kelas konvensional, dan merupakan sistem penyampaian informasi utama di kelas online serta berfungsi sebagai landasan bagi banyak kelas campuran (blended learning). Penentuan format IAV menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pebelajar dan berbagai analisis kebutuhan lainnya, misalkan biaya dan ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana. Kehadiran IAV sangat diharapkan oleh pebelajar, namun untuk menghadirkan IAV terdapat beberapa tantangan yang harus difasilitasi oleh lembaga. Tantangan tersebut antara lain tidak terbiasanya pengajar dalam mengembangan IAV sehingga lembaga perlu memberikan fasilitas untuk kemudahan dalam mengembangan IAV dengan kualitas yang bagus dan dapat diterima oleh pebelajar.
An FMI- and SSP-based Model Integration Methodology for a Digital Twin Platform of a Holistic Railway Infrastructure System
Authors: Kugu Ozan , Zhou Shiyang , Nowak Rebecca , Müller Gabor , Reiterer Stefan H. , Meierhofer Alexander , Lachinger Stefan , Wurth Lukas , Grafinger Manfred
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, the digitalization of large-scale railway infrastructure systems is a major trend, which helps to reduce the life-cycle costs of the railway transportation. For this purpose, the Digital Twin (DT) technology can be used to interoperate different digital data and models, belonging to the railway infrastructure system, in a virtual platform for predictive maintenance, diagnostics and condition monitoring in the railway sector. However, the simulation models of the infrastructure system are tool-dependent, lack ease-of-use and platform compatibility. Therefore, we have to customise them in order to make them more representative and then integrate easily and tool-independently into the DT platform. For this purpose, we propose to use the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) and System Structure Parameterization (SSP) technologies as open interface standards between the models and software tools. In this work, we demonstrate the application of the FMI and SSP standards separately for two use cases, which include a multibody simulation (MBS) model of a railway vehicle and residual life time (RLT) calculation of a steel bridge.
Deep learning-based automated pipeline for blood vessel detection and distribution analysis in multiplexed prostate cancer images
Authors: Karageorgos Grigorios M. , Cho Sanghee , McDonough Elizabeth , Chadwick Chrystal , Ghose Soumya , Owens Jonathan , Jung Kyeong Joo , Machiraju Raghu , West Robert , Brooks James D. , Mallick Parag , Ginty Fiona
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, presenting varying levels of aggressiveness and response to treatment. Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer, providing oxygen and nutrient supply to tumors. Micro vessel density has previously been correlated with higher Gleason score and poor prognosis. Manual segmentation of blood vessels (BVs) In microscopy images is challenging, time consuming and may be prone to inter-rater variabilities. In this study, an automated pipeline is presented for BV detection and distribution analysis in multiplexed prostate cancer images.

Methods: A deep learning model was trained to segment BVs by combining CD31, CD34 and collagen IV images. In addition, the trained model was used to analyze the size and distribution patterns of BVs in relation to disease progression in a cohort of prostate cancer patients (N = 215).

Results: The model was capable of accurately detecting and segmenting BVs, as compared to ground truth annotations provided by two reviewers. The precision (P), recall (R) and dice similarity coefficient (DSC) were equal to 0.93 (SD 0.04), 0.97 (SD 0.02) and 0.71 (SD 0.07) with respect to reviewer 1, and 0.95 (SD 0.05), 0.94 (SD 0.07) and 0.70 (SD 0.08) with respect to reviewer 2, respectively. BV count was significantly associated with 5-year recurrence (adjusted p = 0.0042), while both count and area of blood vessel were significantly associated with Gleason grade (adjusted p = 0.032 and 0.003 respectively).

Discussion: The proposed methodology is anticipated to streamline and standardize BV analysis, offering additional insights into the biology of prostate cancer, with broad applicability to other cancers.
Microfluidic-based human prostate-cancer-on-chip
Authors: Jiang Linan , Khawaja Hunain , Tahsin Shekha , Clarkson Tanjia A. , Miranti Cindy K. , Zohar Yitshak
Published: January 2024

Lack of adequate models significantly hinders advances in prostate cancer treatment, where resistance to androgen-deprivation therapies and bone metastasis remain as major challenges. Current in vitro models fail to faithfully mimic the complex prostate physiology. In vivo animal models can shed light on the oncogenes involved in prostate cancer development and progression; however, the animal prostate gland is fundamentally different from that of human, and the underlying genetic mechanisms are different. To address this problem, we developed the first in vitro microfluidic human Prostate-Cancer-on-Chip (PCoC) model, where human prostate cancer and stromal fibroblast cells were co-cultivated in two channels separated by a porous membrane under culture medium flow. The established microenvironment enables soluble signaling factors secreted by each culture to locally diffuse through the membrane pores affecting the neighboring culture. We particularly explored the conversion of the stromal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) due to the interaction between the 2 cell types. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that tumor cells induced CAF biomarkers, αSMA and COL1A1, in stromal fibroblasts. The stromal CAF conversion level was observed to increase along the flow direction in response to diffusion agents, consistent with simulations of solute concentration gradients. The tumor cells also downregulated androgen receptor (AR) expression in stromal fibroblasts, while an adequate level of stromal AR expression is maintained in normal prostate homeostasis. We further investigated tumor invasion into the stroma, an early step in the metastatic cascade, in devices featuring a serpentine channel with orthogonal channel segments overlaying a straight channel and separated by an 8 µm-pore membrane. Both tumor cells and stromal CAFs were observed to cross over into their neighboring channel, and the stroma’s role seemed to be proactive in promoting cell invasion. As control, normal epithelial cells neither induced CAF conversion nor promoted cell invasion. In summary, the developed PCoC model allows spatiotemporal analysis of the tumor-stroma dynamic interactions, due to bi-directional signaling and physical contact, recapitulating tissue-level multicellular responses associated with prostate cancer in vivo. Hence, it can serve as an in vitro model to dissect mechanisms in human prostate cancer development and seek advanced therapeutic strategies.
Telemedical management in patients waiting for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: the ResKriVer-TAVI study design
Authors: Mattig Isabel , Koehler Kerstin , Barzen Gina , Hiddemann Meike , Kugel Elias , Roemmelt Constantin , Mauckisch Verena , Vockeroth Clarissa , Stangl Karl , Hoppe Thomas , Koehler Friedrich , Dreger Henryk
Published: January 2024

Aims

The majority of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) planned for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are elective outpatients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the time between the heart team’s decision and TAVI increased due to limited healthcare resources. We therefore implemented telemedical approaches to identify AS patients at risk for clinical deterioration during the waiting time. The purpose of the prospective, randomized, controlled ResKriVer-TAVI study (DRKS00027842) is to investigate whether a digital concept of telemedical interventional management (TIM) in AS patients waiting for TAVI improves the clinical outcomes. In the present article, we report the study protocol of the ResKriVer-TAVI trial.

Methods

ResKriVer-TAVI will enroll AS patients planned for elective TAVI. Randomization to the TIM group or standard care will be made on the day of the heart team’s decision. TIM will include a daily assessment of weight, blood pressure, a 2-channel electrocardiogram, peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, and a self-rated health status until admission for TAVI. TIM will allow optimization of medical therapy or an earlier admission for TAVI if needed. Standard care will not include any additional support for patients with AS. All patients of the TIM group will receive a rule-based TIM including standard operating procedures when a patient is crossing prespecified values of a vital sign.

Results

The primary endpoint consists of days lost due to cardiovascular hospitalization and death of any cause within 180 days after the heart team’s decision. Major secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality within 365 days, the number of telemedical interventions, and adherence to TIM. Follow-up visits will be conducted at admission for TAVI as well as 6 and 12 months after the heart team’s decision.

Conclusions

ResKriVer-TAVI will be the first randomized, controlled trial investigating a telemedical approach before TAVI in patients with AS. We hypothesize that primary and secondary endpoints of AS patients with TIM will be superior to standard care. The study will serve to establish TIM in the clinical routine and to increase the resilience of TAVI centers in situations with limited healthcare resources.
Combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade increases myocardial expression of NLRP-3 and secretion of H-FABP, NT-Pro-BNP, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6: biochemical implications in cardio-immuno-oncology
Authors: Quagliariello V. , Passariello M. , Bisceglia I. , Paccone A. , Inno A. , Maurea C. , Rapuano Lembo R. , Manna L. , Iovine M. , Canale M. L. , Scherillo M. , Ascierto P. A. , Gabrielli D. , De Lorenzo C. , Maurea N.
Published: January 2024

Background

Immune checkpoint blockade in monotherapy or combinatorial regimens with chemotherapy or radiotherapy have become an integral part of oncology in recent years. Monoclonal antibodies against CTLA-4 or PD-1 or PDL-1 are the most studied ICIs in randomized clinical trials, however, more recently, an anti-LAG3 (Lymphocyte activation gene-3) antibody, Relatlimab, has been approved by FDA in combination with Nivolumab for metastatic melanoma therapy. Moreover, Atezolizumab is actually under study in association with Ipilimumab for therapy of metastatic lung cancer. Myocarditis, vasculitis and endothelitis are rarely observed in these patients on monotherapy, however new combination therapies could expose patients to more adverse cardiovascular events.

Methods

Human cardiomyocytes co-cultured with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBMCs) were exposed to monotherapy and combinatorial ICIs (PD-L1 and CTLA-4 or PD-1 and LAG-3 blocking agents, at 100 nM) for 48 h. After treatments, cardiac cell lysis and secretion of biomarkers of cardiotoxicity (H-FABP, troponin-T, BNP, NT-Pro-BNP), NLRP3-inflammasome and Interleukin 1 and 6 were determined through colorimetric and enzymatic assays. Mitochondrial functions were studied in cardiomyocyte cell lysates through quantification of intracellular Ca++, ATP content and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1 (Ndufs1) levels. Histone deacetylases type 4 (HDAC-4) protein levels were also determined in cardiomyocyte cell lysates to study potential epigenetic changes induced by immunotherapy regimens.

Results

Both combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors exert more potent cardiotoxic side effects compared to monotherapies against human cardiac cells co-cultured with human lymphocytes. LDH release from cardiac cells was 43% higher in PD-L1/CTLA-4 blocking agents, and 35.7% higher in PD-1/LAG-3 blocking agents compared to monotherapies. HDAC4 and intracellular Ca++ levels were increased, instead ATP content and Ndufs1 were reduced in myocardial cell lysates (p < 0.001 vs. untreated cells). Troponin-T, BNP, NT-Pro-BNP and H-FABP, were also strongly increased in combination therapy compared to monotherapy regimen. NLRP3 expression, IL-6 and IL-1β levels were also increased by PDL-1/CTLA-4 and PD-1/LAG-3 combined blocking agents compared to untreated cells and monotherapies.

Conclusions

Data of the present study, although in vitro, indicate that combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade, induce a pro- inflammatory phenotype, thus indicating that these therapies should be closely monitored by the multidisciplinary team consisting of oncologists, cardiologists and immunologists.
Properties and performance of the one-parameter log-linear cognitive diagnosis model
Authors: Maas Lientje , Madison Matthew J. , Brinkhuis Matthieu J. S.
Published: January 2024

Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) are psychometric models that yield probabilistic classifications of respondents according to a set of discrete latent variables. The current study examines the recently introduced one-parameter log-linear cognitive diagnosis model (1-PLCDM), which has increased interpretability compared with general DCMs due to useful measurement properties like sum score sufficiency and invariance properties. We demonstrate its equivalence with the Latent Class/Rasch Model and discuss interpretational consequences. The model is further examined in a DCM framework. We demonstrate the sum score sufficiency property and we derive an expression for the cut score for mastery classification. It is shown by means of a simulation study that the 1-PLCDM is fairly robust to model constraint violations in terms of classification accuracy and reliability. This robustness in combination with useful measurement properties and ease of interpretation can make the model attractive for stakeholders to apply in various assessment settings.
Analysis of research trends (2014-2023) on oxidative stress and male fertility based on bibliometrics and knowledge graphs
Authors: Du Chao , Yu Yuexin , Fan Xinyue
Published: January 2024

Background

Oxidative stress (OS) is considered one of the major factors affecting male fertility, and research in this field has seen constant growth year by year. Currently, around 700 relevant papers are published each year, with a trend of further growth. Therefore, this study systematically summarizes the literature published in the last decade from a bibliometric perspective, revealing the dynamic development of the field, identifying research hotspots, analyzing future trends, and providing reference for further research.

Methods

Relevant literature on oxidative stress and male fertility was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, covering the timespan from 2014 to 2023 and including two types, articles and reviews. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric analysis, including cluster analysis, co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, and burst analysis of countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords.

Results

This paper studied a total of 5,301 papers involving 107 countries/regions, with China having the highest number of publications (898 papers) and the United States having the highest centrality (0.62). Burst analysis of journal citations revealed the emergence of many new journals (e.g., Antioxidants-Basel, Front Endocrinol) after 2021, indicating continuous expansion and development in this field. Cluster analysis of co-cited references and co-occurring keywords divided the research into areas such as oxidative stress and male infertility, oxidative stress level detection, and antioxidants. The keywords associated with research hotspots shifted from oxidative stress detection, sperm DNA damage, apoptosis, and redox potential to DNA methylation, embryonic development, infection, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidants.

Conclusion

Bibliometric methods provide an intuitive reflection of the development process in the field of oxidative stress and male fertility, as well as the analysis of research hotspots in different periods. Research on oxidative stress and embryonic development, as well as antioxidant health management, may become hotspots in future research.
A state-of-the-art review of energy-efficient and renewable energy systems in higher education facilities
Authors: Almasri Radwan A. , Abu-Hamdeh Nidal H. , Al-Tamimi Nedhal
Published: January 2024

Amid escalating energy demands and growing environmental concerns, educational institutions are transforming into crucibles for enduring innovation. This comprehensive review summarizes the complex relationship between Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Systems (EERES) within the sphere of educational institutions. By instituting Energy Efficiency initiatives, organizations can curtail energy consumption, resulting in substantial cost savings and a diminished carbon footprint. Moreover, the integration of renewable energy technologies empowers the localized generation of electricity, ensuring a reliable and sustainable energy source. Noteworthy in this study is the novel linkage of energy usage indicators to the comfort levels experienced in university settings during both summer and winter. An exhaustive examination of consumption indicators, rooted in the diverse activities on college campuses, further enriches the investigation. Beyond technical intricacies, this study scrutinizes the economic viability, environmental advantages, and educational significance of these integrated systems. Embracing EERES not only aligns with the commitment of educational institutions to environmental stewardship but also establishes a paradigm for broader communities. These institutions aspire to exemplify sustainable practices, influencing larger societal behavior positively. Various factors, including the institution’s type, energy source, facility nature, building construction, internal activities, weather conditions, and user behavior, wield substantial influence over energy utilization. This study offers a nuanced exploration, shedding light not only on the technical dimensions but also on the broader economic, environmental, and educational implications of adopting EERES.
Bystander activation of microglia by Brucella abortus-infected astrocytes induces neuronal death via IL-6 trans-signaling
Authors: Rodríguez Julia , De Santis Arévalo Julia , Dennis Vida A. , Rodríguez Ana M. , Giambartolomei Guillermo H.
Published: January 2024

Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neurobrucellosis where glial cell interactions are at the root of this pathological condition. In this study, we present evidence indicating that soluble factors secreted by Brucella abortus-infected astrocytes activate microglia to induce neuronal death. Culture supernatants (SN) from B. abortus-infected astrocytes induce the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and the increase of the microglial phagocytic capacity, which are two key features in the execution of live neurons by primary phagocytosis, a recently described mechanism whereby B. abortus-activated microglia kills neurons by phagocytosing them. IL-6 neutralization completely abrogates neuronal loss. IL-6 is solely involved in increasing the phagocytic capacity of activated microglia as induced by SN from B. abortus-infected astrocytes and does not participate in their inflammatory activation. Both autocrine microglia-derived and paracrine astrocyte-secreted IL-6 endow microglial cells with up-regulated phagocytic capacity that allows them to phagocytose neurons. Blocking of IL-6 signaling by soluble gp130 abrogates microglial phagocytosis and concomitant neuronal death, indicating that IL-6 activates microglia via trans-signaling. Altogether, these results demonstrate that soluble factors secreted by B. abortus-infected astrocytes activate microglia to induce, via IL-6 trans-signaling, the death of neurons. IL-6 signaling inhibition may thus be considered a strategy to control inflammation and CNS damage in neurobrucellosis.
PelaSIG, a QGIS plugin for marine megafauna census: application to the aerial ACCOBAMS Survey Initiative dataset
Authors: Nivière Manon , Blanchard Ariane , Jraifi Oussama , Van Canneyt Olivier , Dorémus Ghislain , Spitz Jérôme , Mansoux Bruno , Panigada Simone , Laran Sophie
Published: January 2024

The distribution of wild animals and their monitoring over large areas raises many logistical and technical difficulties that hinder the collection of observation data. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has increased significantly in recent years. QGIS, an open-source GIS software dedicated to the processing of geospatial data, enables the development of dedicated plugins for specific workflows. The open-source PelaSIG plugin has been developed in Python for QGIS 3 to facilitate and standardise the different steps before and after distance sampling surveys. It brings together a set of tools for survey preparation, automatic data checking, visualisation and presentation of survey effort and sightings to provide an adapted workflow. This plugin is currently designed to process dedicated aerial datasets collected with the SAMMOA software during marine megafauna surveys (i.e., marine mammals, seabirds, elasmobranchs, sea turtles, etc.). Here, we first describe the different tools already available, and then, we present an application with the dataset from the aerial survey of the ACCOBAMS Survey Initiative (ASI) conducted in 2018 over the Mediterranean Sea and using a multi-target protocol.
Comprehensive review on wire electrical discharge machining: a non-traditional material removal process
Authors: Sarala Rubi Charles , Prakash Jayavelu Udaya , Juliyana Sunder Jebarose , Čep Robert , Salunkhe Sachin , Kouril Karel , Ramdas Gawade Sharad
Published: January 2024

A highly advanced thermo-electric machining technique called wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) can effectively produce parts with varying hardness or complicated designs that have sharp edges and are very difficult to machine using standard machining procedures. This useful technology for the WEDM operation depends on the typical EDM sparking phenomena and makes use of the commonly used non-contact material removal approach. Since its inception, WEDM has developed from a simple approach for creating tools and grown to an outstanding option for creating micro-scale components having the greatest degree of dimensional precision and surface finish characteristics. The WEDM method has endured over time as an efficient and affordable machining alternative that can meet the stringent operating specifications enforced by rapid manufacturing cycles and increasing expense demands. The possibility of wire damage and bent, nevertheless, has severely hindered the process’ maximum potential and decreased the precision as well as effectiveness of the WEDM process. The article examines the wide range of investigations that have been done; from the WEDM through the EDM process’ spin-offs. It describes WEDM investigation that required variables optimization and an assessment of the many influences on machining efficiency and accuracy. Additionally, the research emphasizes adaptive monitoring and control of the process while examining the viability of multiple approaches to control for achieving the ideal machining parameters. Numerous industrial WEDM applications are described with the advancement of hybrid machining techniques. The paper’s conclusion examines these advancements and identifies potential directions for subsequent WEDM research. The investigation on WEDM of metal matrix composites (MMCs) is also reviewed; along with the impacts of various cutting variables like wire feed rate (F), voltage (V), wire tension (WT), and dielectric flow rate on cutting processes outcomes like material removal rate (MRR), kerf width (Kw) and surface roughness (SR). In the present article, future directions for WEDM research were also suggested.
Description of new species of Mycobacterium terrae complex isolated from sewage at the São Paulo zoological park foundation in Brazil
Authors: Romagnoli Camila Lopes , Conceição Emilyn Costa , Machado Edson , Barreto Leonardo Bruno Paz Ferreira , Sharma Abhinav , Silva Natalia Maria , Marques Lucas Evangelista , Juliano Maria Aparecida , da Silva Lourenço Maria Cristina , Digiampietri Luciano Antonio , Suffys Philip Noel , Leão Sylvia Cardoso , Viana-Niero Cristina
Published: January 2024

Five mycobacterial isolates from sewage were classified as members of the genus Mycobacterium but presented inconclusive species assignments. Thus, the isolates (MYC017, MYC098, MYC101, MYC123 and MYC340) were analyzed by phenotypical, biochemical, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and genomic features to clarify their taxonomic position. Phenotypic analysis and biochemical tests did not distinguish these isolates from other non-pigmented mycobacteria. In contrast, MALDI-TOF MS analysis showed that isolates were not related to any previously described Mycobacterium species. Comparative genomic analysis showed values of ANI and dDDH between 81.59–85.56% and 24.4–28.8%, respectively, when compared to the genomes of species of this genus. In addition, two (MYC101 and MYC123) presented indistinguishable protein spectra from each other and values of ANI = 98.57% and dDDH = 97.3%, therefore being considered as belonging to the same species. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the five isolates within the Mycobacterium terrae complex (MTC) but in a specific subclade and separated from the species already described and supported by 100% bootstrap value, confirming that they are part of this complex but different from earlier described species. According to these data, we propose the description of four new species belonging to the Mycobacterium genus: (i) Mycobacterium defluvii sp. nov. strain MYC017T (= ATCC TSD-296T = JCM 35364T), (ii) Mycobacterium crassicus sp. nov. strain MYC098T (= ATCC TSD-297T = JCM 35365T), (iii) Mycobacterium zoologicum sp. nov. strain MYC101T (= ATCC TSD-298T = JCM 35366T) and MYC123 (= ATCC BAA-3216 = JCM 35367); and (iv) Mycobacterium nativiensis sp. nov. strain MYC340T (= ATCC TSD-299T = JCM 35368T).