bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El derecho al mínimo vital frente a la inactividad administrativa en la protección de los derechos humanos
Authors: Pérez González Edgar , Nettel Barrera Alina
Published: December 2017

En el sistema jurídico mexicano, el derecho al mínimo vital impone, en el marco de las obligaciones de actuación encomendadas a las Administraciones públicas, los deberes de promoción, fomento, protección y garantía de los derechos humanos. De este modo, el derecho al mínimo vital proporciona un parámetro de exigibilidad frente a la omisión de deberes de actuación administrativa. La presente investigación busca analizar la inacción de las Administraciones frente a obligaciones impuestas en materia de salud, con el fin de distinguir entre los instrumentos jurídicos de actuación del derecho administrativo (actividad formal) y la actuación que transforma el entorno y la realidad de los administrados (actividad material). Se abordan luego criterios jurisprudenciales que sirven para identificar la inacción administrativa material y hacer exigibles derechos e intereses de grupos vulnerables. Con la ayuda de un método dogmático formalista se examina la legislación en materia de salud, los criterios jurisprudenciales recientes para la protección de los derechos fundamentales y la doctrina más representativa en materia de inactividad administrativa.
O papel das máquinas sociais na formação de opinião em rede | The Role of Social Machines in Opinion Formation on Web
Authors: Santana Júnior Célio Andrade , Lima Camila Oliveira
Published: December 2017

RESUMO Trata-se de uma reflexão sobre a existência de máquinas (software) atuantes na internet que têm como principais objetivos influenciar opiniões, induzir comportamentos e até mesmo modificar hábitos dos usuários (humanos) na rede. Para tanto, faz-se necessário analisar a conjuntura atual da internet considerando os bots e descrever alguns fatos, envolvendo tais máquinas, que já ocorreram em rede. A reflexão foi baseada em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e apresenta como resultado a constatação de que os bots já participam, de maneira autônoma, tanto quanto os seres humanos na internet, e que eles utilizam as informações disponíveis em rede para influenciar seres humanos a adotar hábitos em rede que são de interesses de terceiros. Para tanto, as máquinas já estabelecem regimes de informação próprios e participam de maneira considerável dos círculos de proximidade de usuários humanos. Dessa forma, desconsiderar os bots dos fluxos informacionais existentes na internet significa ignorar quase metade da atividade em rede, o que os deixa em uma situação de protagonismo nas relações em rede.Palavras-chave: Máquinas Sociais; Web 3.0; Internet de Tudo.              ABSTRACT This is a reflection on the existence of machines (Software) acting on the Internet whose primary objectives are to influence opinions, induce behaviors and even modify the habits of users (humans) in the network. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the current conjuncture of the Internet considering the bots and to describe some facts involving these machines, which have already been carried out in a network. The reflection was based on bibliographical research and presents the realization that bots are already participating autonomously, as much as humans, on the Internet and that they use the information available on the network to influence people in adopting habits and Networks that are of interest to third parties. To this end, the machines already establish their information systems and participate considerably in the nearby circles of human users. Thus, to disregard the bots of information flows on the Internet means ignoring almost half of network activity, which leaves them in a situation of prominence in network relationships.Keywords: Social Machines; Web 3.0; Internet of Everything.
“Programa Mais Médicos”: esquadrinhando uma política de saúde que viraliza | “More Doctors Program”: scrutinizing a health policy that viralizes
Authors: Caetano Rodrigo da Costa , Vargas Diogo de Souza , Moura Sérgio Arruda de
Published: December 2017

Resumo O presente artigo contempla uma abordagem crítica de notícias disseminadas nos sites buscados pelo Google sobre o Programa Mais Médicos enquanto política social. Pretende-se compreender os argumentos disponíveis na análise do discurso, observando os sujeitos nas esferas da enunciação e contextualizando-os à luz das demandas sociais e da realidade profissional médica brasileira. Por meio de uma busca em períodos definidos e estratégicos, infere-se que o objetivo da comunicação pode corresponder a um ato de eminente interesse político, propagado na opinião pública sem a devida reflexão crítica e que, por isso, carece de um entendimento consistente da política social em destaque.Palavras-chave: Discursos; Política de Saúde; Programa Mais Médicos.Abstract The present article comprises a critical approach of news disseminated in sites searched by Google about the "More Doctors Program" as a social policy. It aims to understand the evidence available in discourse analysis, observing the subjects in the fields of enunciation and contextualizing them in the light of social demands and the Brazilian professional medical reality. By means of a search in specific and strategic periods, it is inferred that the objective of communication can correspond to an act of eminent political interest, spread throughout public opinion without due critical reflection and, for this reason, lacking a consistent understanding of the social policy mentioned above.Keywords: Discourse; Health Policy; More Doctors Program.
Resta algo de 2013? | Is there anything left of 2013?
Authors: Peralva Angelina , Figeac Julien , Paton Nathalie
Published: December 2017

Resumo Uma pesquisa com coletivos de ativistas, formados antes ou durante as manifestações de 2013, presentes nas redes digitais e fora delas, levou-nos a abordar a morfologia desses grupos, o perfil dos participantes, seus usos das tecnologias de comunicação e suas orientações mais gerais. Três perguntas organizam o texto. Que queriam os manifestantes de 2013? Resta algo daquele momento? Qual a relação do movimento com a crise institucional brasileira atual? As entrevistas foram realizadas em março de 2017 e haviam sido precedidas por observações regulares nas redes sociais, efetuadas ao longo de um ano e meio, com preservação de materiais iconográficos.Palavras-chaves: 2013; Lutas Urbanas; Midiativismo; Redes Sociodigitais; Democracia.Abstract Research on groups of activists, formed in the 2013 demonstrations or before, active on social network sites and outside them, leads us to address the morphology of these groups, the profile of participants, their uses of information and communication technologies and their general orientations. Three questions organize the text. What did the 2013 demonstrators want? Is there now in 2017 anything left of that moment? Is there a relationship between those demonstrations and the current Brazilian institutional crisis? The interviews were carried out in March 2017 and were preceded by regular observations on social network sites for over a year and a half, including the storage of iconographic material.Keywords: 2013; Urban Struggles; Media Activism; Social Network Sites; Democracy.
Speech recognition system for Turkish language with hybrid method
Authors: Bakir Cigdem
Published: December 2017

Currently, technological developments are accompanied by a number of associated problems. Security takes the first place amongst such problems. In particular, biometric systems such as authentication constitute a significant fraction of the security problem. This is because sound recordings having connection with various crimes are required to be analysed for forensic purposes. Authentication systems necessitate transmission, design and classification of biometric data in a secure manner. The aim of this study is to actualise an automatic voice and speech recognition system using wavelet transform, taking Turkish sound forms and properties into consideration. Approximately 3740 Turkish voice samples of words and clauses of differing lengths were collected from 25 males and 25 females. The features of these voice samples were obtained using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), Mel-frequency discrete wavelet coefficients (MFDWCs) and linear prediction cepstral coefficient (LPCC). Feature vectors of the voice samples obtained were trained with k-means, artificial neural network (ANN) and hybrid model. The hybrid model was formed by combining with k-means clustering and ANN. In the first phase of this model, k-means performed subsets obtained with voice feature vectors. In the second phase, a set of training and tests were formed from these sub-clusters. Thus, for being trained more suitable data by clustering increased the accuracy. In the test phase, the owner of a given voice sample was identified by taking the trained voice samples into consideration. The results and performance of the algorithms used for classification are also demonstrated in a comparative manner.

Keywords: Speech recognition, hybrid model, k-means, artificial neural network (ANN).
Remote radio astronomy in distance learning
Authors: Montoya M. M. , Vaquerizo J. A. , Williart A. , Martinez E.
Published: December 2017

National Distance Education University (UNED) is a Spanish University whose methodology is based on the principles of Distance Learning. UNED has the largest student population in Spain and is one of the largest universities in Europe. PARTNeR (Proyecto AcadÃ©mico con el Radio Telescopio de NASA en Robledo, Educational Project with NASAâ€™s Radio Telescope at Robledo) is an educational project that allows students to remotely operate a 34-meter parabolic antenna located at the NASAâ€™s Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex. UNED science students perform real-time remote radio astronomical observations controlling PARTNeR radio telescope through Internet from their classroom. Students that cannot attend the observation on-site because of geographical dispersion or occupational tasks can join it on-line using the AVIP classroom, a virtual classroom based on IP technology. The main educational objective of UNED-PARTNeR collaboration is to learn the basics of general astronomy and radio astronomy and to understand the fundamentals of radio telescope operation. The technical objective of UNED-PARTNeR collaboration poses a double challenge: on the one hand, to remotely operate a firstrate scientific instrumentation using AVIP classroom and, on the other hand, to carry out a real scientific research using distance learning methodology. Keywords: Distance learning; Remote radio astronomy; Virtual classroom; Practical Astrophysics
Table of Contents
Authors: Editors The
Published: December 2017

Table of Contents
2017 Midwest Public Affairs Conference Awards
Authors: Editors The
Published: December 2017

Awards presented by the Midwest Public Affairs Conference at the 2017 conference, held May 31-June 2 in Omaha, NE.
Intersecting Sectors? The Connection Between Nonprofit Charities and Government Spending
Authors: Carroll Deborah A. , Calabrese Thad D.
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we articulate that rent-seeking behavior by nonprofit charities and budgetary discretionary behavior by public agents should lead to a positive correlation between nonprofit charity and government spending. Using a large national database of government spending that we merged with charitable spending, we empirically test our research question. Overall, we find a positive correlation between spending by both sectors that is unequivocal and nontrivial, thus supporting the rent-seeking theory of nonprofit charities’ behavior. When we examine spending by the sectors by specific areas of service provision to determine public budgetary reallocation, our results indicate positive associations in legal and judicial services, libraries, and public welfare spending – supporting the rent-seeking explanation. However, we found no correlations between spending by the two sectors in several important areas of service provision, including education, health, hospitals, and housing. The lack of correlation in these areas might be indicative of government failure theory rather than rent-seeking. Importantly, the positive association between charitable and government spending suggests that public spending may increase beyond optimal levels – leading potentially to tax burdens that are greater than necessary, crowding out of private enterprise, and spending patterns that are difficult to alter in light of fiscal shocks.
CONTROLE INTERNO MUNICIPAL: UMA ANÁLISE NAS PRESTAÇÕES DE CONTAS DOS MUNICÍPIOS DO MEIO OESTE CATARINENSE - AMMOC
Authors: Piccoli Marcio Roberto , Prado Gessica Hoffmann do
Published: December 2017

A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar quais foram os apontamentos realizados pelo Tribunal de Contas de Santa Catarina (TCE/SC) em relação às prestações de contas dos municípios que compõe a região da AMMOC, referente aos anos de 2011 a 2014. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória, documental e descritiva, em que os dados foram coletados dos pareceres emitidos pelo TCE/SC relativos a gestão orçamentaria, financeira e patrimonial dos municípios. Tem-se como principais resultados, que os apontamentos realizados pelo TCE/SC reiteradamente aparecem em anos seguintes ao primeiro apontamento, como por exemplo, o atraso na entrega dos relatórios referentes à gestão pública e aplicação de recursos FUNDEB, prejudicando a transparência e o accountability. Observou-se ainda um aumento de 97% nas restrições de ordem legal e regulamentar, indicando, conforme Piccoli e Klann (2015) que os profissionais, principalmente da área contábil não estão preparados em relação as Normas do Setor Público.
Does exist a way to Manage HR in Portugal? An Analysis from German Multinationals HRM Practices.
Authors: Cardoso Pedro , Madeira Carlos , Rodrigues Ana Paula
Published: December 2017

Multinationals have operating problems due to the multiple contexts in which they operate. One of the greatest challenges for these organizations is the management of the cultural diversity of their human resources, in the sense of creating a collective of work capable of meeting the goals of the new economy. In Portugal, of the most represented countries at the level of their multinationals, Germany is the one that has a more antagonistic culture when compared with Portuguese culture, not preventing a multiplicity of successful cases. This paper firstly aims to characterize the HRM practices used in the Portuguese subsidiaries of the German multinationals and to see if there is a pattern in these same practices, trying to find out the "how" German companies manage with productivity the Portuguese human capital. The results dictated the existence of a pattern used in practices and a clear focus on human resources, identified by a clear approach to HRM soft model, without neglecting the importance of achieving the goals, improving empowerment, knowledge, skills and motivation.
STUDY OF CONSTRUCTIVE PROVISION OF THE CAPSULE FORMATION PROCESS OF THE "OIL AND FAT RAW MATERIALS - IONOTROPIC SHELL-MAKER" SYSTEM
Authors: Neklesa Olga , Yarantseva Yvgennia , Pyvovarov Yevgen , Grinchenko Olga
Published: December 2017

The effectiveness of fundamental and applied research is realized in the field of technological and hardware solutions, it allows creating a new generation of food products whose quality indicators go beyond those typical of the traditional assortment. This to a certain extent applies to the fat and oil industry.

An important scientific and at the same time practical result is the proposal to consider the encapsulation process not only from the technological point of view. This requires a scientific approach both in the choice of the components of the food system, and in the realization of their properties under the prevailing conditions. From a practical point of view, this determines the given technical and constructive solutions.

To date, there is no theory and practice of extrusion of two fluids through the "air" technological medium, one of which is flowable oil content, and the other is a solution of the ionotropic polysaccharide. There are no scientific and technical principles for the formation of the physical form of the capsule, as well as industrial devices for their production. Food technologies with the use of fat-and-oil raw materials encapsulated are not revealed, and information on the effect of a new food form of fat-and-oil raw materials on the formation of product quality indicators in the technological flow and during storage is not generalized.

To obtain a controlled technological process for the production of fat-and-oil encapsulated raw material, it is important to provide laminar flow of ionotropic shell-maker and fat-and-oil raw materials along the product line of the encapsulation device. This is possible under the condition of special constructive maintenance of the process of capsule formation of the "fat-and-oil raw materials - ionotropic shell-maker" system. This served as the basis for determining the physical parameters of the formation of a thermostable capsule. It is proved that the formation of a final capsule with internal contents of fat-and-oil raw material is possible under the condition of an individual design of an extrusion head and a capsulation device that ensure the circumferential rotation of the capsule in the laminar flow of the receiving medium. This allows to form capsules with given organoleptic, commodity, technological properties and the like.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PROSPECT OF USING INDEXING CONVENTIONAL UNITS IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Zarichuk Aleksandr
Published: December 2017

The influence of inflationary and deflationary processes on the determination of the fair value of goods and services is studied in the article. It is established that as a result of changes in the value of money over time, national currencies are not able to effectively perform the function of a measure of value for a long time. In conditions when gold ceased to be the standard of value measurement and became a commodity, in developing countries, the function of the measure of value is taken over by the currencies of countries with more powerful economies. A consequence of this is the strengthening of dollarization and activation of devaluation processes of weaker and open national economies. With the aim of eliminating these problems, determining the fair and real value of goods and services for a long time, it is proposed to introduce a single indexing of a conventional monetary unit. The domestic and foreign experience in implementing the relevant mechanisms has been studied, and recommendations have been made for their testing and implementation within the national economy.
PECULIARITIES OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE FLOW WHEN SELECTING THE GENERAL SIZES OF A BRIDGE CROSSING WITH GROUP HOLES
Authors: Kozarchuk Igor
Published: December 2017

The problems of mathematical modeling of hydrodynamics of open flows are analyzed in the article when general sizes of bridge crossings with group holes are assigned. Most of the existing methods for calculating branched flows are based on the use of one-dimensional models, it does not allow to describe sufficiently the hydrodynamic processes occurring in zones with separated flows. Therefore, in the calculation of bridge crossings with group holes, two-dimensional models that take into account the features of the morphology of natural watercourses, the uneven distribution of the average velocities along the vertical, the phenomenon of flow separation, as well as the change in rate along the flow due to the separation of the flow is suggested. The existing experimental and theoretical studies are analyzed, the flow structure and the physical model of the flow branching process in the zone of influence of bridge crossings with group holes are considered. Based on the fundamental equations of flow transfer, a mathematical two-dimensional model of the flow of open flows is presented, which takes into account the influence of secondary currents. To substantiate the zone of influence of bridge crossings with group holes, an equation for vorticity is proposed that reflects the distribution of vortex structures. For the closure of the equations of motion and continuity, algebraic relations for the Reynolds stresses in conjunction with the two-parameter k-ε model for depth-averaged values are used, which is modified to take into account the effect of the curvature of the flow. The method of numerical realization of the proposed mathematical model is based on the predictor-corrector method using the McCormack scheme, modified by splitting the model equations with respect to spatial coordinates and time. The method of successive upper relaxation based on the Gauss-Seidel iterative method is used to realize the algebraic relations of turbulent stress transfer. The conclusion is made about the expediency of practical application of this model
INVESTIGATION OF THE STABILITY OF THE STEADY MOTIONS OF A ROTATIONAL MECHANICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Pirogov Vladimir
Published: December 2017

The conditional stability of steady motions of a mechanical isolated system consisting of a rotating carrier body, a material point creating its static imbalance, and a passive automatic balancer consisting of two identical mathematical pendulums are investigated. The pendulums are mounted on the longitudinal axis of the supporting body and move in the plane of static imbalance. The relative motion of the pendulums is impeded by viscous drag forces. It is established that in the case when the imbalance is and the pendulums can eliminate it with a certain margin, there is one basic movement; in the absence of imbalance, there is a one–parameter family of basic movements; in the case of maximum unbalance, which pendulums can eliminate, there is one basic movement, but it generates a pseudo–family of basic motions. It is also established that conditionally asymptotically stable are separate basic motions, if they are isolated, or a family, or pseudo–families of basic motions. For pendulum, ball and liquid automatic balancers, an approximate law is obtained for the variation of large nutation angles in the case of an axisymmetric and non–axisymmetric supporting body. It is established that the rate of change of the nutation angle is significantly affected by the ratio between the axial moments of inertia of the rotating carrier and the coefficient of viscous drag. An empirical formula is proposed for estimating the residual nutation angle, which occurs when the passive automatic balancers (nutation dampers) are incorrectly installed on the spacecraft and stabilized by rotation, and an example of its application for a particular satellite is given. It is shown that incorrect installation of the auto balance on the supporting body can lead to the formation of a residual nutation angle even in the case of a "stable" supporting body. The obtained results can be used in the design of passive automatic balancers (nutation damping) (pendulum, ball and liquid) for spacecrafts stabilized by rotation
A novel concept to integrate energy recovery into potable water reuse treatment schemes
Authors: Horstmeyer Nils , Weißbach Max , Koch Konrad , Drewes Jörg E.
Published: December 2017

Potable water reuse applications can provide a safe and sustainable water supply where conventional freshwater resources are limited. The objectives of this study were fourfold: (i) to analyse existing potable water reuse applications regarding operational characteristics and energy demands, (ii) to determine the theoretical energy potential of wastewater and identify opportunities for energy recovery, (iii) to define design requirements for potable water reuse schemes that integrate energy recovery and (iv) to propose strategies for more energy efficient potable water reuse schemes. Existing potable water reuse schemes commonly utilize conventional wastewater treatment processes including biological nutrient removal followed by advanced water treatment processes. While meeting high product water quality, these treatment schemes are characterized by relatively high specific energy demands (1.18 kWh/m3). Given that the theoretical energy potential of municipal wastewater is approximately two times higher (2.52 kWh/m3), opportunities exist to integrate energy recovery strategies. We propose three alternative potable water reuse schemes that integrate energy recovery from carbon via methane and nitrogen via either the coupled aerobic–anoxic nitrous decomposition operation process or partial nitritation/anammox. Compared to conventional potable water reuse schemes, the energy requirements of these schemes can be reduced by 7–29% and the overall energy balance by 38–80%.
Process auditing and performance improvement in a mixed wastewater–aqueous waste treatment plant
Authors: Collivignarelli Maria Cristina , Bertanza Giorgio , Abbà Alessandro , Damiani Silvestro
Published: December 2017

The wastewater treatment process is based on complex chemical, physical and biological mechanisms that are closely interconnected. The efficiency of the system (which depends on compliance with national regulations on wastewater quality) can be achieved through the use of tools such as monitoring, that is the detection of parameters that allow the continuous interpretation of the current situation, and experimental tests, which allow the measurement of real performance (of a sector, a single treatment or equipment) and comparison with the following ones. Experimental tests have a particular relevance in the case of municipal wastewater treatment plants fed with a strong industrial component and especially in the case of plants authorized to treat aqueous waste. In this paper a case study is presented where the application of management tools such as careful monitoring and experimental tests led to the technical and economic optimization of the plant: the main results obtained were the reduction of sludge production (from 4,000 t/year w.w. (wet weight) to about 2,200 t/year w.w.) and operating costs (e.g. from 600,000 €/year down to about 350,000 €/year for reagents), the increase of resource recovery and the improvement of the overall process performance.
An Account of how Attention to Usability and Lifestyle Issues may Contribute to Protocols for Clinical Trials of Medical Devices (Preprint)
Authors: Christensen Lars Rune , Nielsen Lene , Sabers Anne
Published: December 2017

UNSTRUCTURED

Objectives: Within the field of medicine attempts have been made to establish the efficacy of new treatments with medical devises by double blind randomized clinical trials. Very precise protocols have been developed for this purpose. However, experience has shown that conducting clinical trials on medical devices may be fraught with trouble often because of the difficulty of establishing a valid sham procedure. This paper makes a contribution by showing how one may formulate protocols for clinical trials of medical devices that rely on a pragmatic approach, which includes an interest in usability and lifestyle issues, rather than a sham procedure. Our case in point is a protocol for a clinical trial, conducted by the authors, of a new kind of treatment of epilepsy with a medical device.

Methods: This paper makes a methodological contribution relevant for the formulation of protocols for clinical trials of medical devises in cases where a sham devise is not practical.

Results: In the paper, we make three major points: (1) abandoning basing a clinical trial of a medical device on a sham procedure, involves making choices as to the formulation of a pragmatic alternative, (2) shifting to a pragmatic evaluation based on data on for example continued use, may involve generating data on usability and lifestyle issues. Understanding to what degree noncompliance is due to usability or lifestyle issues requires attention to the design of suitable instruments for data generation, and (3) the successful formulation of a protocol for a clinical trial of a medical device (where sham is not an option) relies on a case report form (CRF) that facilitates the separation of data on the (somatic) efficacy of the treatment from data on usability and lifestyle issues.

Conclusion: Digital devices play an important role in medicine today and in the future. This paper makes a contribution by showing how one may formulate protocols for clinical trials of medical devices that do not rely on a sham procedure. The approach is based on a pragmatic approach, the generating data on usability and lifestyle issues connected to the use of the devise, and the separation of these issues from the evaluation of the efficacy of the active component of the treatment.
Incidence of falls in the elderly population
Authors: Pavlovic Jelena , Racic Maja , Kekus Divna , Despotovic Mile , Jokovic Sandra , Hadzivukovic Natalija
Published: December 2017

Introduction. Falls and fall-related injuries are common in the geriatric
population and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
The aim of this study was to determine differences in the incidence of falls
and risk factors for falls between the community-dwelling and
institutionalized elderly people. Material and Methods. The cross sectional
study was conducted in the period from May 1, 2015 to December 1, 2015,
including 300 community-dwelling elderly people and 110 nursing home
residents. The research instruments were a sociodemographic questionnaire,
Mini nutritional assessment, Katz index, and Lawton scale. Results. During
the previous 12 months, at least one fall was reported in 17.1% of the total
number of respondents. The incidence of falls was higher among nursing home
residents (c2 = 13.550; p = 0.001). The risk factors for falls were
multifactorial. Community-dwelling elderly suffered from urinary
incontinence more frequently compared to nursing home residents (p = 0.004),
but a significantly worse nutritional status was found in community-dwelling
elderly people (p < 0.001). Assistance in basic activities of daily living
was required by 3.9% of nursing home residents, and 8.3% of
community-dwelling elderly people (p < 0.001). Statistically significant
difference was not found in the performance of instrumental activities of
daily living (p < 0.145). Conclusion. The incidence of falls was higher in
nursing home residents. Risk factors for falls in both examined groups were
visual and hearing impairments, urinary incontinence, use of 3 medications
per day, damaged functional status, and malnutrition. Prevention of falls
requires modification of environmental hazards, reduction of risk factors,
their evaluation and strategy implementation.
Risk assessment of drinking water from public wells
Authors: Bijelovic Sanja , Jevtic Marija , Dragic Natasa , Zivadinovic Emil , Lukic Danijela , Medic Deana
Published: December 2017

Introduction. The safety of drinking water should be considered in the
context of managing the risk from hazards that may compromise it. The aim of
this study was to identify microbiological, chemical and physical hazards of
drinking water from public wells which may impact human health, and to
evaluate the results of routine drinking water analysis, not taking into
account the national legislation, but the risk management approach. Material
and Methods. Drinking water was sampled from 20 public wells in South Backa
District and analyzed at the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina
according to accredited national standards during 2016. The drinking water
hazards were defined according to international recommendations. Risk
assessment was done using a semiquantitative approach, which assesses the
like?lihood and consequences of a hazard, rating the risks as low, medium,
high and very high. Results. Of 218 drinking water samples, according to
national regulations, only 10% were healthy for consumption. The recognized
hazards were thermotolerant coliforms (especially Escherichia coli),
enterococci (genus Streptococcus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus species
and nitrates above legal limits. The risk was rated high, with an impact on
the morbidity of sensitive populations in 2/3 of controlled public wells, in
1/3 as medium, leading to abandonment of drinking water sources. Conclusion.
The proposed risk assessment methodology is a tool that provides easily
understandable and clear information on the possibility of using public wells
with a consequent impact on human health. The management of drinking water
safety is the greatest challenge, systematically prioritizing risk assessment
of drinking water from public wells for the health of the population in the
Republic of Serbia.
Vision related problems after cataract surgery
Authors: Canadanovic Vladimir , Latinovic Slobodanka , Babic Nikola , Miljkovic Aleksandar , Grkovic Desanka , Barisic Sava
Published: December 2017

Introduction. Senile cataract is an age-related eye disease and one of the
most common causes of visual impairment. It is one of the most important
causes of reversible blindness in the elderly persons, with a steady increase
in prevalence with advanced age. The resulting loss of visual acuity has
important implications for physical functions and the overall quality of life
of affected individuals. However, cataract related visual loss is completely
reversible with modern cataract surgery techniques. The purpose of the study
was to evaluate the visual outcomes (visual acuity and visual function)
before and after cataract surgery, and to assess patient satisfaction with
final surgical outcomes. Material and Methods. This prospective study
included 176 consecutive patients with senile cataract who underwent
phacoemulsification with a foldable intraocular lens implantation. Evaluation
of vision related problems of daily living was done in all patients using a
vision related quality of life questionnaire, before and 10 days after the
surgery. All patients self-rated their vision-related problems into 4
categories: no problems, small problems, big problems, and very big problems.
The results were presented as a vision-related quality of life index.
Results. There were 176 patients included in this study, with an average age
of 65.4 ? 12 years. The operated patients had significantly better visual
acuity than before cataract surgery (p < 0,001), with a median postoperative
visual acuity of 0.8. Before cataract surgery, the average vision-related
quality of life index was 53.7 (range 21.3 - 87.7). The self-rated vision
related problems were present in 59.8% patients before senile cataract
surgery, and only in 12.8% of patients undergoing phaco cataract surgery
(p<0.001). Ten days after cataract surgery vision-related quality of life
index improved to 92.9 (range 57.1 - 98.7). Conclusion. Visual function,
self-estimated vision related problems and patients satisfaction are
significantly higher after the phaco cataract surgery. We believe that vision
related quality of life index is a valid and sensitive tool for visual
function and vision-related quality of life evaluation.
Prevalence, prevention and risk factors for lumbar spine pain in dental practitioners
Authors: Mahmutovic Elvis , Doder Radoslava , Dolicanin Zana , Radanovic Bozana , Jankovic Tanja , Boskovic Ksenija
Published: December 2017

Introduction. Lumbar spine pain is among the most common conditions affecting
daily activities in modern-day societies, as well as the second most common
cause of absenteeism from work. The aim of the paper was to determine the
incidence of lumbar spine pain in dental professionals of the Dental Clinic
of Vojvodina, the effects of lumbar spine pain on their general health and
work ability, their attitude to treatment options, as well as potential
etiological factors for the appearance of lumbar spine pain. Material and
Methods. A prospective study included 45 employees of the Dental Clinic of
Vojvodina. We investigated the association between the appearance of lumbar
spine pain and the work of dental professionals. The data were gathered via
a questionnaire analyzing musculoskeletal disorders, and the probable risk
factors for their appearance. Results. There were 75.6% (34/45) of women
and 24.4% (11/45) of men, aged from 22 to 64 years, with a total work
experience of 13?9.6 years. Lumbar spine pain was recorded in 60% of
examinees. They were mostly localized in the lower back (52.2%), but also
spreading down along both legs (17.4%) and into the right hip (13%) (p <
0.01). The incidence of low back pain was higher in dentists (72.4%) than in
dental assistants (45.5%) and dental technicians (20%) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. Lumbar spine disorders are among the most frequent
occupational diseases in dental practice, associated with multifactorial
causes. Ergonomics and ergonomic education are primary factors in the
prevention and therapy of lumbar spine conditions.
Light curve solutions and out-of-eclipse variability of KIC 10031409, KIC 11228612, KIC 11403216 and KIC 11913071
Authors: Kjurkchieva D. , Atanasova T.
Published: December 2017

We carried out light curve solutions of four detached binaries observed by
Kepler. As a result, their orbital inclinations, temperatures and relative
stellar radii were determined. KIC 10031409 and KIC 11228612 reveal partial
eclipses while the components of KIC 11403216 and KIC 11913071 undergo total
eclipses. The secondary component of KIC 11403216 is probably a very late M
dwarf or brown dwarf. The out-of-eclipse brightness of KIC 10031409, KIC
11228612 and KIC 11913071 vary with the orbital period and might be explained
by spots on synchronously-rotating star(s). The out-of-eclipse variability of
KIC 11403216 is with a period that is a third of its orbital period and may
be due to spot on asynchronous rotating component. The resonance 1:3 needs
future study of KIC 11403216.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT THE TENTH GRADE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 7 PADANG
Authors: Atmarizon Diki , Zaim M.
Published: December 2017

This article aims to investigate the extent to which the implementation of Scientific Approach by English teacher who taught in tenth grade at SMAN 7 Padang. Researcher tries to see the implementation of Scientific Approach in teaching and learning process, assessment and problems faced by the English teachers in teaching and learning process using scientific approach in 2013 Curriculum. Kind of the research is descriptive method. Data of the research were taken from observation and interview. Direct observation were done to see the activities and assessments conducted by English teachers in the classroom. Then, the researchers interviewed the English teacher to know the extent to which the implementation of Scientific approach in teaching and learning processes related to observing, questioning, experimenting, associating, and communicating. Then, the problems in the teaching and learning process were identified. The results showed that 69% of the steps in the scientific approach implemented by the English teacher. However the English teachers only used 62% of assessments based on the 2013 curriculum. Atferwards, there were problems faced by English teachers in the learning process in each steps in the scientific approach in the aspect of 2013 Curriculum.Key Words: Implementation, Scientific Approach, Teaching English, 2013 CurriculumIMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS PADA KELAS 10AbstrakArtikel bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi sejauh mana penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik oleh guru Bahasa Inggris yang mengajar di kelas X SMAN 7 Padang. Peneliti mencoba untuk menemukan penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik dalam proses belajar dan mengajar, penilaian dan permasalahan dalam proses belajar dan mengajar dengan menggunakan Pendekatan Saintifik pada Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara. Observasi langsung untuk melihat kegiatan dan penilaian yang dilakukan oleh guru Bahasa Inggris di dalam kelas. Kemudian, peneliti mengadakan wawancara dengan guru Bahasa Inggris untuk mengetahui sejauh mana penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik dalam proses belajar dan mengajar yang berkaitan dengan observing, questioning, experimenting, associating, and communicating. Kemudian, Permasalahan dalam proses belajar dan mengajar tersebut kemudian diidentifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 69% tahap-tahap pendekatan saintifik diterapkan oleh guru Bahasa Inggris. Akan tetapi dalam penilaian guru Bahasa Inggris hanya menggunakan 62% jenis penilaian berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013. Lalu, dalam proses belajar mengajar terdapat permasalahan yang dihadapi guru Bahasa Inggris di setiap langkah – langkah pada pendekatan saintifik dalam aspek Kurikulum 2013.Kata Kunci: Implementation, Scientific Approach, Teaching English, 2013 Curriculum
Secularización, imaginario de progreso y construcción identitaria: una mirada desde el Sexenio Democrático español y las repúblicas latinoamericanas
Authors: Mira Abad Alicia
Published: December 2017

Este trabajo es una aproximación a los usos del concepto de secularización en el mundo hispánico, desde una perspectiva comparada. Es un concepto ligado al progreso y la modernidad durante el siglo XIX, desde la premisa de que todo sistema conceptual posee un origen práctico cuando es analizado en conexión con realidades sociales y políticas diversas. El imaginario revolucionario y de modernidad lo incorporaron en la construcción de los relatos nacionales en España y América. La utilizaron como símbolo del cambio que puede conciliar pasado y futuro a través de nuevos referentes religiosos.  El Sexenio Democrático y la consolidación del liberalismo en Latinoamérica nos ofrecen perspectivas y matices diversos en la utilización del concepto en espacios que comparten una misma raíz cultural.
La formación de Educadores Infantiles, un reto de innovación educativa en la educación superior
Authors: García Gutiérrez Zaily del Pilar , Aznar Diaz Inmaculada
Published: December 2017

Este artículo surge del proyecto titulado “Análisis de la Formación de Pedagogos Infantiles en la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios Bogotá – Colombia”, con el propósito presentar los resultados respecto a la pertinencia de la propuesta formativa de pedagogos infantiles de UNIMINUTO, de acuerdo a las necesidades de  formación las  infancias, como punto de partida para establecer acciones de mejora y transformación del programa, direccionados a generar un aporte de innovación en la educación superior. La metodología, de tipo mixto, se lleva a cabo mediante: la encuesta, el grupo focal y entrevistas, aplicadas a estudiantes, graduados, docentes y directivas respectivamente.Finalmente, los resultados, donde se expresa una valoración favorable  respecto a la pertinencia de la propuesta de formación sobre las cambiantes necesidades educativas de las infancias, en tanto son reconocidas como una representación social completamente determinada por el momento historio y realidad social actual. Sin embargo, se identifica un gran reto de mejora, relacionado con la diversificación de los escenarios de práctica formativa y cantidad de créditos destinados para dicho propósito.  Necesidad de transformación que surge como respuesta ante las exigencias de innovación en educación superior.
La perspectiva de estudiantes universitarios sobre la escuela como promotora de salud y vida saludable
Authors: Leiva Olivencia Juan José , Matas Terrón Antonio , Moreno Martínez Noelia Margarita
Published: December 2017

Hablar hoy de educación es subrayar sus potencialidades para la promoción activa de hábitos de vida saludable, lo que constituye un eje relevante en la nueva configuración de funciones en las instituciones escolares del siglo XXI. En este artículo se ofrecen los resultados más relevantes de un estudio  realizado en un contexto universitario con estudiantes de Grado de Educación Primaria. El objetivo del estudio ha sido conocer y comprender las actitudes y percepciones que tienen los estudiantes participantes acerca de la escuela como promotora de salud y hábitos de vida saludable. Para ello se ha empleado un cuestionario ad hoc. La muestra que formó parte del presente estudio ascendió a 115 sujetos. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes tienen una visión pedagógica positiva de la Educación para la Salud (EpS), sobre su relevancia en el marco de un currículum de carácter inclusivo. Ahora bien, se muestran críticos con el tratamiento didáctico de la EpS, y es que son conscientes de la existencia de un escaso compromiso real del alumnado de desarrollar hábitos de vida saludables.
El aula como sistema complejo: hacia una formalización de la organización de la vida del aula
Authors: Videla Reyes Ronnie Alejandro , Leyton García Guillermo , Rossel Salas Sebastián
Published: December 2017

Avanzar hacia un concepto de educación que connote y defina lo educativo a partir de la dinámica que exhibe la organización del aprendizaje en el aula requiere del uso las ciencias de la complejidad. Asumir la teoría de sistemas dinámicos no-lineales para comprender los fenómenos de interacciones de aprendizaje como una historia de coherencias moleculares, sensoriales y relacionales es el gran desafío de las ciencias cognitivas. El presente estudio realiza una revisión teórica-empírica respecto a estudios en sistemas dinámicos basados en describir la organización de los seres vivos, la vida humana y la vida en el aula. Se propone que el aula es un sistema complejo de interacciones de aprendizaje donde la mediación semiótica actúa como homeostasis lingüística determinando el devenir del sistema. Particularmente se propone a la teoría fuzzy set como herramienta matemática de dinámica no-lineal para formalizar la organización del aprendizaje en el aula.
The Molecular Origin of Enthalpy/Entropy Compensation in Biomolecular Recognition
Authors: Fox Jerome M. , Zhao Mengxia , Fink Michael J. , Kang Kyungtae , Whitesides George M.
Published: December 2017

Biomolecular recognition can be stubborn; changes in the structures of associating molecules, or the environments in which they associate, often yield compensating changes in enthalpies and entropies of binding, and no net change in affinities. This phenomenon—termed enthalpy/entropy (H/S) compensation—hinders efforts in biomolecular design, and its incidence—often a surprise to experimentalists—makes interactions between biomolecules difficult to predict. Although characterizing H/S compensation requires experimental care, it is unquestionably a real phenomenon that has, from an engineering perspective, useful physical origins. Studying H/S compensation can help illuminate the still-murky roles of water and dynamics in biomolecular recognition and self-assembly. This review summarizes known sources of H/S compensation (real and perceived) and lays out a conceptual framework for understanding and dissecting—and, perhaps, avoiding or exploiting—this phenomenon in biophysical systems.