bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of dairy farms using different milking systems in Balıkesir province in terms of bulk tank milk quality, somatic cell count and total bacteria count
Authors: Yaranaglu Busra , Ozdemir Sabiha Sena , Tavsanli Hakan , Varol Avcilar Ozlem , Guner Tevhide Elif , Camliyurt Bilge , Sihlaroglu Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı sağım sistemlerine sahip işletmelerden elde edilen sütün toplam bakteri ve somatik hücre sayısı yönünden karşılaştırılarak sağım hijyeni, barınak hijyeni ve sürü yönetimi açısından değerlendirilmesi ve kuru madde, yağ, protein ve laktoz içerikleri bakımından kıyaslanarak süt kalite özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma materyalini Balıkesir ve çevresinde Holstein ırkı süt sığırı yetiştiriciliği yapan toplam 45 farklı işletmeden (15 elle sağım, 15 makineli sağım, 15 robotik sağım) alınan tank sütleri oluşturmuştur. Yağ, protein, laktoz, kuru madde, yağsız kuru madde ve somatik hücre sayısını belirlemek için çiğ süt analiz cihazı kullanılmıştır. Toplam bakteri sayısının tespit edilmesi için, Plate Count Agar besi yerlerine dökme plak metodu ile ekim yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Süt kalite özelliklerinden yağ (p˂0.05), protein (p˂0.001), laktoz (p˂0.01), kuru madde (p˂0.001) ve yağsız kuru madde değerleri (p˂0.001) elle sağım yapan işletmelerde en düşük olarak belirlenmiştir. Süt protein oranı en yüksek işletmeler robotik sağım sağım yapan işletmelerdir (p˂0.001). Elle sağım yapılan işletmeler, somatik hücre sayısı bakımından en yüksek değeri almıştır (p<0.05). Toplam bakteri sayısı açısından makineli sağım yapan işletmeler en yüksek değere sahipken (p˂0.001); robotik ve elle sağım yapan işletmeler daha düşük değerlere sahip olup, aralarında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Öneri: Farklı sağım sistemlerinin süt kalite ve hijyen değerleri üzerinde anlamlı etkilerinin bulunduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu bakımdan sağım robotu kullanımının yaygınlaşması, toplam iş gücü maliyetini düşürmesi ve tank süt kalitesinde iyileşmeler sağlaması bakımından önerilmektedir Anahtar kelimeler: Elle sağım, inek, robotik sağım, somatik hücre sayısı, süt kalitesi.
Sero-epidemiology of the Rhodococcus equi in horses in Eastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Yerken Kassymov , Uslu Ali , Bauyev Otarbayev , Sayın Zafer , Balevi Asli , Yerbol Ismagulov , Gulnaz D Ilgekbayeva , Ilban Aysegul , Erganis Osman
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma Doğu Kazakistan'daki yetişkin atlarda Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) sero-prevalansını değerlendirmek için tasarlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Eylül ve Kasım 2021 tarihleri arasında doğu Kazakistan’da bulunan üç bölgede (Zhambyl, Almatı, Doğu Kazakistan) 311 attan serum toplandı ve virülent R. equi'ye karşı oluşmuş olan antikorların varlığı enzim bağıntılı immünosorbent test (ELISA) ile tespit edildi. Bulgular: R. equi'nin doğu Kazakistan’da bulunan at popüslayonlarında ki seroprevalansı 2021 yılında %93,6 olarak bulundu. En yüksek seroprevalans Vap A oranı Zhambly Bölgesi'nde (%98,02), en düşük ise Doğu Kazakistan Bölgesi'nde (%88,89) görüldü. Bu bölgeden alınan örnekler toplam örneklerin %69,8'ini oluşturmakta olup, %3,84'ü vapA seronegatiftir. R. equi’nin Doğu Kazakistan'da endemik enfeksiyona sebep olduğu tespit edildi.. Öneri: Bu, R. equi'nin Kazakistan'da epidemiyolojisi hakkında bilgi sağlayan ilk sero survey çalışmasıdır. Serolojik bulgular klinik vakalar ve tay tavlalarında bakteri izolasyonu ile desteklenmelidir. Doğu Kazakistan'da R. equi'ye karşı koruma ve kontrol programları uygulanmalıdır.
The immunohistochemical evaluation of the expression of intermediary filaments, PCNA, p53 and MMP-9 in feline fibrosarcomas
Authors: Karakurt Emin , Aksoy Ozgur , Beytut Enver , Aydin Ugur , Dag Serpil , Yıldız Ugur , Yildiz Ayfer , Kapcak Ayse Basak , Koc Hüseyin , Alakan Ada Miray
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Güncel çalışmada, kedilerin fibrosarkomlarında hücre proliferasyon indeksi, p53 tümor baskılayıcı gen durumu, tümor metastazı, invazyon kapasitesi ile hücresel orjinin ortaya konulması amacıyla Prolifere olan hücre nükleus antijeni (PCNA), Matriks Metalloproteinaz-9 (MMP-9), Vimentin, Alfa-Düz Kas Aktini (α-SMA), S-100, Desmin ve Pan- Sitokeratin (Pan-SK) gibi kanser markerları ve intermedier filamentlerin ekspresyonlarının immunohistokimyasal olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, Patoloji Anabilim Dalı’na rutin histopatolojik inceleme amacıyla getirilen 7 adet kediden alınan tümoral doku örnekleri kullanılmıştır. Histopatolojik değişikliklerin değerlendirilebilmesi amacıyla kesitlere Hematoksilen & Eozin boyaması uygulandı. İmmunohistokimyasal boyamalarda streptavidin-biotin peroksidaz kompleksi yöntemi kullanıldı. Bulgular: 7 spontane kutanöz fibrosarkom vakasının 5’i evre I, 1’i evre II ve 1’i ise evre III olarak saptandı. Tümöral dokulardaki belirgin kollajen bantlarının varlığı Masson Trikrom boyama ile ortaya konuldu. Vimentin ve α-SMA boyanmaları yönünden tüm vakalar pozitifti. Pan SK, S-100 ve Desmin boyanmaları yönünden tümör hücreleri negatif reaksiyon verdi. Tüm vakalar PCNA yönünden pozitifti. Sadece 2 vaka p53 pozitif boyanma gösterdi. Bu 2 vaka, ileri evrelerdi. Sadece bir fibrosarkom vakasında (Evre III) tümör tipi dev hücrelerinde intrasitoplazmik MMP-9 ekspresyonları tespit edildi. Öneri: Sonuç olarak, çalışmada kullanılan tümör örneklem sayısı az olsa da, PCNA, p53 ve MMP-9’un kedilerin spontane fibrosarkomlarında hücre proliferasyonunun belirlenmesi, malignitenin derecelendirilmesi, tümör agresifliği ve davranışı ile prognozun saptanmasında oldukça kullanışlı markerlar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
MDA level in colon tissue of the rats with colon cancer model treated with diallyl disulfide
Authors: Suvarikli Alan Beyza , Bulut Zafer
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Sunulan çalışma azoksimetan ile kolon kanseri oluşturulan ratlarda sarımsağın biyoaktif bileşiklerinden biri olan dialil disülfid’in, kolon dokusu malondialdehit seviyesi üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacı ile yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 58 adet erkek Wistar Albino rat kullanıldı. Hayvanlar 5 gruba ayrıldı. 1. grup kontrol grubu (n=12), 2. grup azoksimetan (15mg/kg vücut ağırlığı) uygulanan kanser grubu (n=12), 3. grup sadece dialil disülfit (DADS, 50 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı) uygulanan (n=11), 4. grup azoksimetan ve dialil disülfit uygulanan (n=11) ve 5. grup ise taşıt madde olan mısır yağının (1ml/kg vücut ağırlığı) verildiği gruptur (n=12). Deneme süresi olan 18 haftanın sonunda servikal dislokasyon ile hayvanlar sakrifiye edildi ve kolon dokuları çıkarıldı. Alınan dokuların homojenizasyonu sağlandı ve ELISA cihazı ile kite uygun prosedür kullanılarak MDA seviyeleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Dokularda tümör oluşumu makroskobik olarak tespit edildi. Yapılan analiz sonucu gruplar arasında MDA seviyesi yönünden herhangi bir fark bulunmadığı belirlendi (P>0.05). Öneri: Sonuç olarak çalışma koşullarında rat kolon dokusunda DADS veya azoksimetan uygulanasının lipid peroksidasyonuna neden olmadığı ifade edilebilir. DADS veya AOM’nin kolon dokusundaki etkinliği, hayvanlara uygulanma şekli ve miktarı göz önüne alınarak ileride yapılacak olan çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Stepwise isothermal fast pyrolysis (SIFP). Part II. SIFP of peanut shells – Antifungal properties of phenolic fractions
Authors: López Rivilli Patricia , Alarcón Rosana , Isasmendi Guadalupe L. , Pérez Jorge Daniel
Published: June 2023

Pyrolysis of peanut shells was carried out using stepwise isothermal fast pyrolysis (SIFP). SIFP consists of successive isothermal fast pyrolysis reactions, where solid products obtained in the previous isothermal fast pyrolysis become the substrate of the subsequent reaction at a higher temperature. This article reports results obtained from SIFP of peanut shells between 200 and 300°C using 100°C intervals under vacuum (0.2 mm). The maximum yield of liquid products was obtained at 300°C, giving around 30% of bio-oil, which contained mainly phenols and furan derivatives. On the other hand, since previous papers have reported fungicidal activity of phenols derivatives from lingo-cellulosic biomass pyrolysis, we carried out antifungal activity tests of bio oil obtained from peanut shells SIFT at 300 °C. Results seem promising, at least on Sclerotium rolfsii.
Effect of solvent on the beta-O-4 bond cleavage of a lignin model compound by tert-butoxide under mild conditions
Authors: Takeno Kineo , Yokoyama Tomoya , Matsumoto Yuji
Published: June 2023

The beta-O-4 bond cleavage of a non-phenolic β–O-4 type dimeric lignin model compound, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethanol (III), was examined in systems using potassium tert-butoxide as a base (0.5 mol/l) and tert-butanol (tBuOH), dimethylsulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, or tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. The β–O-4 bond of compound III was cleaved in any system at 30°C, and 2-methoxyphenol (II) was liberated. The amount of compound II liberated was close to the quantitative yield on the basis of the amount of compound III that disappeared, except for the treatment in the t-BuOH system. The reaction rate was dependent on what solvent was used. Half-life periods for these systems were roughly about 6.0, 3.0, 0.7, and 0.2h, respectively. It seemed that the rates were very high when the polarity of the solvents was low. Two reaction products generated from the aromatic ring with two methoxyl groups of compound III, 4-acetyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, were detected in all the systems. A peculiar reaction product, 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, was detected in a fairly large quantity, only when the latter two solvents with low polarities were applied.
Alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping of fast-growth paulownia wood
Authors: Jahan Latibari A. , Pourali K. , Roghani A. Fakhrian
Published: June 2023

Alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping of paulownia wood harvested from exotic tree plantations in northern Iran was investigated. The fiber length, width, and cell wall thickness of this wood were measured as 0.82 mm, 40.3 μm, and 7.1 μm, respectively. The chemical composition including cellulose, lignin, and extractives soluble in ethanol-acetone, 1% NaOH, hot and cold water was determined as 49.5%, 25%, 12.1%, 26.9%, 11.4%, and 8.1% respectively. The ash content of this wood was 0.45%. Pre-washed chips were chemically treated at 70°C for 120 minutes with different combinations of three dosages (1.5, 3, and 4.5%) of hydrogen peroxide and three dosages (1.5, 3, and 4.5%) of sodium hydroxide prior to defibration. Other chemicals including DTPA, sodium silicate, and MgSO4 were constant at 0.5%, 3%, and 0.5%, respectively. The results showed that using a 1.5% hydrogen peroxide and 4.5% sodium hydroxide charge, the brightness of APMP pulp reached 68.7% ISO and higher chemical dosages did not improve the brightness; however, to produce APMP pulp with higher strength, a sodium hydroxide charge of 4.5% was needed. The tensile strength, tear strength, burst strength indices, and bulk density of the APMP pulp produced from 1.5% hydrogen peroxide and 4.5% sodium hydroxide were measured as 15.5Nm/g, 6.54mN.m2/g, 0.56kPa.m2/g, and 3.47cm3/g, respectively. The resulting pulp was bulky and is suitable for use in the middle layer of boxboard to provide the desired stiffness with a lower basis weight.
Use of ionic liquids to improve the production of hydroxymethylfurfural from renewable biomass
Authors: Zhu Shengdong , Tong Yanjie , Lv Yezi , Wu Yuanxin
Published: June 2023

Based on its rich chemistry and broadly available raw material sources, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has become one of the most promising platform compounds for chemicals and biofuels from renewable biomass, and its production has drawn much attention in recent years. However, it is currently still facing significant technical challenges to make it economically feasible in an industrial scale. Use of ionic liquids has provided a potential alternative to address such challenges. Some studies have shown that the use of ionic liquids and suitable catalysts can inhibit side reactions and decrease the formation of by-products, thus improving selectivity and yield during conversion of renewable biomass to HMF. Moreover, the use of ionic liquids also simplifies the HMF production procedures from crude biomass in a one-pot process.
Approaching fertility in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: exploring P30L mutation-induced 21-hydroxylase deficiency with a presentation between non-classical and simple virilizing phenotypes. A case report
Authors: Herdean Alina Maria , Radulescu Adana Maria , Popa Ilie Ioana Rada
Published: June 2023

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is determined in the vast majority of cases by mutations in the CYP21A2 gene, which cause the deficiency of the 21 hydroxylase enzyme, which is involved in the synthesis of cortisol and aldosterone. Generally, CAH phenotype and disease severity can be predicted with the genotypes and is related to the residual activity of 21 hydroxylase enzyme. It is divided into classical CAH with salt wasting and simple virilizing forms and non-classical or late-onset CAH forms, respectively. Patients with 21 hydroxylase deficiency, including those with non-classic forms face immense challenges to their fertility. Glucocorticoid therapy has been shown to be useful in obtaining and maintaining a pregnancy among these patients, but it must be used with caution. Given the relevance of CAH in reproductive medicine as well as the diagnostic challenges posed by the phenotypic overlap with polycystic ovary syndrome and by overlap of its own phenotypes (classic CAH-nonclassic CAH), we present the case of a woman with CAH due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency caused by the P30L mutation with a clinical and biochemical presentation between the non-classical form and the classic simple virilizing form. Further, the successful fertility management in this patient and an overview of fertility management in CAH is depicted, as well.
Marginal fit of milled versus different 3D-printed materials for provisional fixed dental prostheses: an in vitro comparative study
Authors: Igreț Anca , Rotar Raul Nicolae , Ille Codruța , Topală Florin , Jivănescu Anca
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Provisional dental prostheses are used as interim restorations to help patients perform oral functions between the time of tooth preparation and the placement of the final restoration. A provisional dental prosthesis should protect the abutment from pulpal and gingival aggressions, adapt correctly to keep healthy gingival tissues, be durable, and have a low price. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation of different types of provisional fixed dental prostheses (PFDP), fabricated using 3D printing technology versus the milling (computer-aided manufacturing [CAM]) technique.

Method. Two resin teeth (second premolar and second molar) on a typodont were prepared for three-unit provisional fixed dental prostheses. Thirty models were 3D-printed after a digital model was created using an intraoral scanner. Then, 30 provisional fixed dental prostheses (PFDPs) were made from a variety of materials using a digital design of a 3-unit PFDP and STL files delivered to a milling machine and a 3D printer, respectively. Ten PFDP were milled (CAM), and two sets of ten each, were fabricated with 3D printing technology (stereolithography), using two different materials. All restorations were analyzed under a microscope, and marginal gap was then measured using the software Image J.

Results. The milled group presented the best marginal gap values (ranging from 86 to 108 μm) and a median value of 93 μm, followed by GC group with (110-251 μm) with a median value of 205 μm and the PR group with median value of 316.5 μm.

Conclusion. According to the findings of this in vitro study, the milling (CAM) technique and SLA technology provides acceptable marginal fit values to fabricate provisional fixed partial dentures.
Theoretical foundations of the smart city concept
Authors: Milkintas Rytis , Tamošiūnas Teodoras
Published: June 2023

The article deals with smart city concepts and their theoretical definitions. A smart city must have a smart social system integrated into the city’s activities and management processes. The smart city is defined in the scientific literature by various dimensions. This article examines three main smart city dimensions: community, economy, public management. A smart city is characterized by the empowerment of representatives of the city community to actively participate in the management of the city’s operational processes. The smart economy quickly and resourcefully uses new opportunities, implements knowledge and innovations. Smart public management makes timely decisions and promptly implements them.
Space-time curvature and cosmic evolution
Authors: Li Shuming , Li Huang Lihua , Li Shuwei , Li Shuyun
Published: June 2023

In the earlier article, the smallest physical constant was introduced and some new parameters were obtained to describe the elementary particles.1 Based on these new parameters, we have further derived several equations to calculate a particle’s accelerations, the space curvature radius, and the force that space-time exerts to a particle. The minimum and maximum mass of a possibly existing particle can also be calculated. It is quite intriguing that these results can even be used to describe the cosmic evolution with time.
Validity of Self-reported Self-Care Assessment and Determinants of Self-Care Practices in Older Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Soma Misato , Noda Takumi , Ueno Kensuke , Takahashi Wakana , Matsunaga Atsuhiko , Kamiya Kentaro
Published: June 2023

Background: Self-care as a disease management strategy in heart failure (HF) is important for the prevention of rehospitalisation, but it is difficult to assess and does not always reflect actual self-care practices. This study aimed to compare self-reported self-care assessments and actual self-care practices in older patients with HF and examine factors influencing self-care performance. Methods: We included 64 patients with HF aged ≥65 years who had been hospitalised and prescribed rehabilitation with stable symptoms between April 2019 and September 2020. We assessed the B-type natriuretic peptide levels and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), grip strength, and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). We used the European Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS) to assess self-care behaviour in patients with HF. The patients filled in a self-assessment chart during their stay, which was used to work out the self-care implementation rate. Results: No significant correlation between the self-care implementation rate and the EHFScBS was identified (r= −0.160, p=0.207). Multiple regression analysis of factors associated with the rate of self-care and EHFScBS revealed that age, NYHA classification, SPPB and MoCA-J scores were significantly associated with the rate of self-care; however, no factors were associated with EHFScBS. The results were similar irrespective of the presence or absence of cognitive decline. Conclusion: In older patients with HF, the self-reported assessment of self-care did not reflect actual self-care performance. A reliable self-care behaviour scale needs to be developed.
Development of the method for evaluating the efficiency of functioning of the trophy samples of weapons and military equipment
Authors: Zaitsev Mykola , Chunakov Roman , Ransevych Ruslan
Published: June 2023

An analysis of the experience of the Russian-Ukrainian war shows that the issue of collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment has not been investigated. This determines the relevance of conducting research on the specified issue. The object of research is the system of collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment. The subject of the research is the effectiveness of the system of collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment. Inconsistencies in approaches to the collection of trophy samples of weapons and military equipment have been identified, which must be resolved. Decomposition of the existing system of collection of trophy samples of weapons and military equipment of groups of troops (forces) was carried out, functional connections between the elements of the system were studied, which made it possible to substantiate the indicators and develop a method for evaluating the effectiveness of the system of collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment of a group of troops (forces). In the course of the research, the authors used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. The analysis method was applied during the decomposition of the existing system of collection of trophy samples of weapons and military equipment of groups of troops (forces). The methods of synthesis and evaluation of complex hierarchical systems were used in the course of developing the method for evaluating the effectiveness of the system of collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment of a group of troops (forces). The proposed method is based on analytical dependencies that allow to evaluate the effectiveness of the system of collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment and is universal,
It is advisable to use the proposed method in the course of assessing the capabilities of the system for collecting trophy samples of weapons and military equipment of groups of troops (forces).
Expenses of future periods as a separate accounting category – difficulties of application
Authors: Kosata Inna
Published: June 2023

The object of research is the preparation of the procedure for the formation and write-off of the accounting category of expenses of future periods. The difficulty of this issue for practicing accountants is the lack of detailing of their composition, accounting and write-off in regulatory documents. In the national regulations (standards) of accounting (which are the main regulatory document on accounting), there is no definition of this category, as well as its components and the order of their attribution to the expenses of the current period. That is why the criteria for the recognition of expenses were defined, the period of their recognition was determined, and the reasons why some expenses cannot be classified as current expenses in accordance with NAR(S) (National accounting regulations (standards)) were analyzed. The difference between some components of expenses of future periods that are similar in name and expenses that are not included in current expenses according to NAR(S) was clarified. It is also clarified how those expenses of future periods should be reflected, which by all indications can be attributed to this category, however, according to the write-off period, they cannot be credited to account 39 «Expenses of future periods» and entered in the 2nd section of the Balance Sheet «Current assets». In addition, the presence of expenses of future periods as part of separate lines of financial statements according to IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) is disclosed. Various options for writing off the expenses of future periods and including them in the composition of the expenses of the current period were also considered. Depending on the time of receipt of income for which these expenses were incurred, it can be carried out in equal parts, proportionally or using other methods.
Determination of critical surface tension of wetting of textured water-repellent surfaces
Authors: Myronyuk Oleksiy
Published: June 2023

The object of study is aluminum textured with a femtosecond laser and modified with silanes to reduce surface energy. The presence of a special texture on the surface, such as protrusions or hairs, and the inherently low surface energy of the material allow maximizing the water repellency properties. The determination of the critical wetting surface tension by the Zisman method has a pronounced wetting transition point, but the coordinates of this point cannot be accurately predicted. In this work, the Zisman method is considered as a tool for comparing the effectiveness of modifiers for femtosecond laser-textured surfaces. In this work, periodic structures were created by laser ablation on the surface of aluminum, the surface was modified to achieve the Cassie state when wetted with water, and the critical surface tension of wetting was determined by the Zisman method. As a result, it is shown that the Zisman method in combination with the data on the water contact angle values is an effective tool for characterizing the quality of surface modification of textured samples. It is shown that for textured aluminum surfaces, the most effective modifier is silane, which maintains the Cassie wetting state, with a contact angle increased from 155 to 160°. Paraffin has been shown to be a less effective modifier with an implicit wetting plateau and a transition in the range of 30 to 40 mN/m. It is shown that the textures that have acquired water repellency in the course of spontaneous hydrophobization are very unstable to the action of liquids with reduced polarity, although they have high values of the water contact angle. In practice, the creation of water-repellent coatings on aluminum is a promising substrate due to their widespread use in the aviation, automotive, and energy industries due to their high mechanical strength, lightness, and stability of properties.
Determination of the resistance of water-repellent properties to ultraviolet radiation on self-hydrophobized surface textures of AISI 304 steel
Authors: Baklan Denys
Published: June 2023

In this work, the object of the study were femtosecond laser textured steel samples. Using a femtosecond laser to texture the surface both in the direct-beam mode, which provides microtextures, and in the reflection mode, which leads to the formation of LIPSS-type nanostructures on the surface. Such hybrid complexes are optimal in terms of water repellency as they embody the principle of hierarchical textures. This approach is one of the promising ways to solve the problem of scaling the process of obtaining superhydrophobic metal surfaces. The aim of the work is to establish the stability of water-repellent properties of micro- nanotextures obtained on the surface of AISI 304 steel after spontaneous hydrophobization under the action of UV radiation. The study of the obtained textured surface by scanning electron microscopy to confirm the presence of nanotexture and by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to establish the elemental composition of the obtained microtexture were made in the work. The paper shows that the water repellency of AISI 304 steel surfaces textured at micro and nano levels by femtosecond laser after long exposure to the atmosphere increases to a superhydrophobic state with the value of contact angles up to 155°. It has been shown that such surfaces are sensitive to UV radiation. Depending on the type of structure, the loss of hydrophobicity under experimental conditions occurs in 15-45 minutes of exposure, and complete hydrophilization of the surface occurs after 100 minutes of irradiation. As a result, the obtained self-hydrophobic surfaces are not suitable for operation under the influence of sunlight. However, ultraviolet radiation can be used to pre-clean such surfaces from adsorbed organic contaminants.
Establishment of technologically feasible modes of electrocoagulation purification of wastewater from nickel ions
Authors: Helesh Andriy , Mudrynets Petro , Kalymon Yaroslav , Kindzera Diana , Hnativ Vira
Published: June 2023

The object of research is the technology of electrochemical purification of wastewater from heavy metal ions. The work, in particular, is devoted to the purification of effluents with a low concentration of the Nickel ion. The main task of the experimental research was to select the material of the electrodes and the mode of electrochemical dissolution of the anodes, under which the efficiency of wastewater purification will be maximum, as well as to confirm the practical possibility of deep purification of the specified wastewater to the standards that correspond to the maximum permissible concentrations (MPCNi=0.5 mg/dm3).
It was established that in the process of electrocoagulation wastewater purification there is an induction period (10 min), during which the coagulant accumulates in the electrolyzer and the degree of purification increases sharply. As a result of an increase in the current density from 10 A/m2 to 20 A/m2, the degree of purification on iron electrodes increased from 60 to 84% for a process duration of 20 minutes. This is explained by the intensification of the anodic dissolution of the metal and the increase in the concentration of Fe(OH)3. Increasing the current density to 30 A/m2 practically does not affect the degree of purification, which is explained by the phenomenon of polarization of the anodes and is confirmed by the increase in the process voltage from 2.40 V (10 A/m2) to 12.59 V (30 A/m2). Therefore, it is impractical to increase the current density in the future. For iron anodes, it was not possible to achieve the required degree of purification (≥98.3 %), the maximum degree of purification did not exceed 85 %, and the content of Ni2+ ions in purified water exceeds the MPC by an order of magnitude.
It was experimentally established that it is advisable to use aluminum electrodes for the process of electrocoagulation purification of wastewater from Nickel ions. At a current density of 20 A/m 2 and process duration of 40 minutes, the concentration of Ni2+ ions did not exceed the MPC of Ni. When using aluminum electrodes, an increase in the current density from 15 A/m2 to 20 A/m2 does not lead to polarization of the electrodes, and the process in both cases takes place at a steady state at a voltage of ~6.7 V. The technologically appropriate operating mode of the electrolyzer is chosen: aluminum electrodes at an anodic current density 20 A/m2 and the duration of the purification process – ≥40 min. The obtained results can find practical use in the design of waste water purification systems of galvanic industries.
Development of a method of analysis of energy and information characteristics of wireless networks of critical application under conditions of limitations on the signal/(interference plus noise) ratio
Authors: Vodopianov Serhii , Martynova Oksana , Krainosvit Arkadii
Published: June 2023

The object of the research, the results of which are presented in the article, is the process of analyzing the energy and information characteristics of wireless networks of critical application. The presented article examines the problems of information and telecommunication systems of air transport as hard real-time systems. Thanks to the development of methods for analyzing the bandwidth of heterogeneous networks that function under the conditions of external interference, caused, among other things, by the random nature of multiple access, the asymptotic characteristics of networks and their dependence on the number of network and terminal nodes, the size of the network as a whole, were obtained. The specificity of wireless networks is the propagation of signals through a free environment, that is, fundamentally open access to signals as carriers of information that is transmitted from one subscriber to another. Based on the results of the analysis of promising information and communication and computer networks of critical application, it was found that the main problems for networks are their vulnerability to external interference of various origins, which worsens QoS indicators, in particular, performance. Therefore, in addition to the general problems of managing information and telecommunication networks, the problems of protection against unauthorized interference and external interference of various origins are quite acute in wireless networks. In order to constantly monitor network characteristics at the proper level, a method of calculating the current signal/(interference plus noise) ratio has been developed. According to the results of the analysis of the energy and information characteristics of the network, their relationship is established, which is not always obvious, but very indicative and useful, for example, for solving the tasks of multi-criteria optimization of parameters and management of the network state.
Analysis of transformations of the modern economy
Authors: Pidlisna Olena , Duchenko Maryna
Published: June 2023

The object of research is the economy, its types and directions of modern transformation in the conditions of global instability of world development in the 21st century. Since the economy is a reflection of the trends of social development, the understanding of the definition of «modern economy» changes and needs clarification and improvement. The active movement of resources and capacities as a result of global social upheavals of the 21st century has created a need to understand aspects of the migration economy.
The research is analytical. During the research, special methods of information processing and analysis were used: elimination, intuitive method. The work is aimed at the systematization and generalization of the terminology used to characterize modern social production processes, determining the expediency of introducing the definition «migration economy». This will make it possible to formalize the process of making management decisions in the conditions of the trend of total migrations.
The paper analyzes the terms that describe the economy at the current stage of development. It is shown that several terms are used simultaneously: «movement», «migration», «relocation». And only the term «migration» has an essential interpretation as emergency and unplanned actions. An attempt was made to formulate the definition of «migration economy» as a specific economic activity of society, caused by both voluntary and forced (including emergency) migration of subjects of economic relations across national or regional borders, which changes the spectrum of economic, social interactions and the economic landscape both in the territories of departure and in the territories of destination.
The work shows that the real processes of the world economy require a modern terminological definition. This will form the basis for its forecasting and development.
The interpretation of the modern economy as a migration economy allows for the formulation of new principles of the organization of production processes: autonomy, adaptability, allocation of business blocks according to the principle of optimal added value. The practical value of the work lies in the effort to form a definition of the modern economy, which makes it possible to specify management decisions on the organization of production and to understand the directions of changes.
Difficulties Faced by Students on Arabic Writing Skill at Ma’had Umar bin Khattab for Women
Authors: Ainaini Ratna Noeri  , Junaedi
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of writing skills learning, the difficulties faced by students, and to overcome the difficulties faced by final year students at Ma'had Umar Bin Al-khattab specifically for women Sidoarjo. This research is a type of field research, and based on the nature of the research, it is qualitative research. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis used by the researcher is qualitative, the data analysis techniques used are condensation, data presentation, verification and conclusion. From this study, it was found that the implementation of learning writing skills, God willing, was by the proper learning steps. The difficulties faced by students in writing insya' include linguistic factors and non-linguistic factors. Efforts to overcome these difficulties are often done by giving writing exercises, inviting discussions and providing motivation.
A Program to Improve Arabic Writing Skill with Media Quizizz at Mutiara Anak Sholeh Elementary School
Authors: Rusandi Anisa Nasrul , Muhammad Thohir
Published: June 2023

This study demonstrates that only E-Learning media, such as Quizizz Media, are necessary to improve students' ability to comprehend the material. Quizizz Media is a mixed learning media that is varied and exciting for children. It is effectively used as an Arabic writing skill learning medium that improves students' skills. Quizizz Media, as one of the media used in the classroom, also received a positive response from youngsters. This research aims to determine the production, use, and effectiveness of Arabic learning media based on quizizz in improving the Arabic language writing skills at Sd Mutiara Anak Sholeh. Observation, information, and interviews were used to acquire descriptive qualitative research data and information. The study's findings suggest that Quizizz Media is an engaging, effective, and highly motivating media for children to use in and out of the classroom.
Content Analysis of Iqra' Book for Arabic Learning According to Krippendorff's Perspective
Authors: Khitom Khusnul , Bahy Moh. Buny Andaru
Published: June 2023

This research examines the material content of Iqra' book volumes 1 to 6, published by the National LPTQ Research Center "AMM" Yogyakarta Tadarus Team. This study aims to analyze the Arabic language in the book of Iqra' at the level of Aswath Arabiyah learning. The method used by researchers in this research is descriptive qualitative (library research) with data described narratively. The data collection procedure in this study was carried out by reading and understanding the contents of Iqra' book, and the data analysis that the author used was content analysis. Iqra''s book volumes 1 to 6 is a theory used to analyze qira'ah about the Qa'idah Baghdadi technique. The study results show that the al-Ashwat Study is considered a study of Arabic sounds, primarily how Arabic sounds are spoken fluently and clearly, like the owner of the language and how we can understand when Arabic sounds are spoken. Al-Ashwat plays an essential role in dominating listening and speaking skills with the existence of the book Iqra' volumes 1 to volume 6, which contains the title of the book contains procedures for reading the Qur'an in a new way that is not the same as the previous methods, as directed by the technique of Qa'idah Baghdadi.
Association of myeloid-derived suppressor cells with hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Anmut V. S. , Tyrinova T. V. , Batorov E. V. , Aristova T. A. , Sizikova S. A. , Ushakova G. Yu. , Denisova V. V. , Chernykh E. R.
Published: June 2023

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important role in the immune response regulation in many pathologies, primarily in malignant tumors, but their role in the hematopoietic stem cell engraftment and the hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation remains practically unexplored. This study is aimed at studying the correlation between the number of MDSC subpopulations and blood parameters at the stage of hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Circulating MDSCs were assessed at the stage of leukopenia recovery (absolute leukocyte count in peripheral blood (PB) > 1 x 109/L) by flow cytometry. The number of transplanted CD34+CD45+ hematopoietic stem cells was 4.38 x 106/kg (IQR (3.1—5.6) x 106/kg). The duration of recovery from leukopenia varied from 8 to 18 days (Me 12 days). The number of MDSCs at the engraftment was not associated with the number of CD34+ cells/kg in the graft. The relative number of monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs, CD14+HLA-DRlow/-) directly correlated with the number of monocytes at the stage of recovery from leukopenia (R = 0.417, p = 0.002). Granulocytic MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs, Lin-HLA-DR-CD33+CD66b+) were characterized by an inverse correlation with the number of monocytes (R = -0.493, p = 0.0003) while the association with the absolute number of neutrophils was weak (R = 0.273, p = 0.048). The number of lymphocytes at the stage of recovery from leukopenia had an inverse correlation with PMN-MDSCs (R = -0.347, p = 0.014) and did not correlate with M-MDSCs. When analyzing the duration of leukopenia, an inverse correlation with this indicator was revealed for the percentage and absolute number of M-MDSCs (R = -0.347, p = 0.018 and R = -0.469, p = 0.0008, respectively). Multiple regression analysis showed dependence of the lymphopenia duration on the proportion of circulating M-MDSCs (p = 0.014) and the number of transplanted CD34+ cells/kg (p = 0.032). According to the data of multivariate analysis of variance, the number of transplanted CD34+ cells/kg and the number of M-MDSCs were significant factors for the duration of leukopenia. At the same time, such clinical parameters as the depth of response and minimal residual disease status before high-dose chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, as well as the MM stage, did not affect the duration of hematopoietic recovery. Thus, the obtained results indicate the association of a higher number of M-MDSCs with a shorter duration of leukopenia after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation and indicate a positive role of M-MDSCs in hematopoietic recovery in the early post-transplant period in patients with MM.
Immunological markers of arthroplasty failure
Authors: Moskalets O. V.
Published: June 2023

Periprosthetic joint infection still remains a clinical challenge since accurate definition of this condition and reliable laboratory markers have not been established yet. This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of some lymphocyte and monocyte subset determination in patients with periprosthetic joint infection and non-infectious arthroplasty failure. Thirty-four patients with chronic periprosthetic joint infection, 12 patients with non-infectious arthroplasty and 30 healthy persons were included in the study. The counts of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD19+, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD3+HLA-DR+, CD4+CD45RACD45RО+, CD4+CD45RA+ CD45RО- and CD14+ HLA-DR+ subsets in peripheral blood were assessed by flow cytometry. The assessment of the intensity of antigen expression was carried out according to mean fluorescence intensity. A significant increase in CD3+CD4+ subsets (p < 0,01) and a significant decrease in CD3-CD16+CD56+ subsets (p < 0,005) were revealed in patients with periprosthetic joint infection compared to the healthy controls. The content of CD19+ lymphocytes in these patients was significantly higher than in aseptic ones (p < 0,005); the latter group was also characterized by more pronounced increase in the number of activated T lymphocytes (CD3+HLA-DR+) compared to controls (p < 0,001). Patients with periprosthetic joint infection showed decreased “naïve” T lymphocytes (CD4+CD45RA+CD45RO-) count compared to aseptic ones (p < 0,05), and both groups showed a decrease counts compared to controls (p < 0,001). On the contrary, memory T lymphocyte (CD4+CD45RACD45RO+) count was significantly increased in both compared groups (p < 0,05). Patients with periprosthetic joint infection compared with other two groups demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of activated monocytes (CD14+HLA-DR+) and pronounced decrease in the expression intensity of this marker on cell membrane (p < 0,05 and p < 0,001, respectively). Thus, evaluation of lymphocyte and monocyte subsets, including expression of cell activation antigens could be useful as additional laboratory test in combination with other conventional methods for differentiation between periprosthetic joint infection and aseptic arthroplasty failure.
Role of proinflammatory cytokines in Hashimoto's thyroiditis associated with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Sobolevskaia P. A. , Gvozdeckii A. N. , Kudryavtsev I. V. , Chereshnev V. A. , Сhurilov L. P.
Published: June 2023

Mental disorders often accompany autoimmune diseases, for example, since 1949 it has been known about “myxedematous madness”, a psychosis caused by hypothyroidism. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis. It is also known about another neuropsychiatric disorder associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, Hashimoto's encephalopathy. It is a severe dysfunction of the central nervous system, the pathogenesis of which is not associated with hormonal disorders. Cytokines are regulators and participants of inflammation, including autoimmune. Certainly, when we are talking about high concentrations cytokines, we mean systemic inflammation. The minimal or mediocre fluctuations in cytokines within the ranges that are characteristic of healthy status or normergic acute phase response in disease cannot be interpreted from the point of view of binary endocrinological logic. In the CNS, cytokines are able to influence on the neuroendocrine control of systemically regulated functions. It is also important that glial cells (astroglia, microglia) are capable of producing a number of cytokines and can affect neurons and develop behavioral changes. In addition, the ability of a number of cytokines outside the CNS itself to act on vagal afferents and through them to convey information to the CNS, affecting its state and functions, has been proven. It is reasonable to assume that minimal fluctuations in cytokine levels may also affect the state and function of the CNS. The aim of the study was to investigate the levels of cytokines in patients with thyroiditis; in patients with thyroiditis associated with mental disorders; in a group of healthy individuals; and evaluate the effect of cytokine levels on clinical manifestations. In the group of patients with thyroiditis and mental disorders, the levels of CCL20/MIP3α, IL-13, IL-2, IL-27, IL-5 were significantly higher than in other groups. At the same time, no positive correlation was found between the clinical manifestations of mental disorders and the levels of cytokines. A positive correlation was found between the levels of some cytokines and free triiodothyronine, as well as the level of antithyroid antibodies. Mental disorders associated with autoimmune thyroiditis may be associated with changes in the cytokine profile and result from neuroinflammation.
IMPACTOS DOS CONTEXTOS EMERGENTES NA AULA UNIVERSITÁRIA: TENSÕES E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: NÖRNBERG LUI , RESCHKE MARIA JANINE DALPIAZ , GARCIA JULIANA BITTENCOURT
Published: June 2023

RESUMO: Pensar a universidade em contextos emergentes requer considerar que, se a universidade de outrora errou por dar excessiva ênfase ao passado, a de hoje se vê impelida pelo presente inexorável e pelo futuro imprevisível, forçando-a a rever as suas concepções e as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas na aula universitária. O recorte do estudo que aqui apresentamos se deteve a analisar de modo qualitativo três relatos de práticas protagonizadas e apresentadas por participantes do XI Seminário Internacional de Educação Superior (XI SIES) da Rede Sul-brasileira de Investigadores da Educação Superior (RIES), realizado em 2018 na Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). Os trabalhos selecionados obedecem ao critério de apresentar, pelo menos, duas das dimensões de inovação, pois entendemos que uma prática inovadora deve apresentar, pelo menos, duas das dimensões propostas por Cunha (2006). Os trabalhos elegidos apresentaram duas dimensões relacionadas e com maior destaque, são elas: Ruptura com a forma tradicional de ensinar e aprender e Reorganização da relação teoria/prática. Os autores que sustentaram este trabalho foram, principalmente, Santos (2010), Franco (2012), Didriksson (2008), Cunha (1998, 2006), Morosini (2014), Tardif (2002) e Shulman (1989), orientando a análise pretendida na compreensão dos contextos emergentes ou no campo das práticas pedagógicas e da inovação. Os desafios são muitos, mas o estudo evidenciou o interesse e o protagonismo de professores e estudantes na direção de uma prática pedagógica mais significativa e emancipatória.