bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors Related to the Incidence of Postpartum Blues in Adolescent Mother
Authors: Gartika Nina , Fatmawati Ariani
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Adolescent marriage in Indonesia is very high, this will have an impact on the psychological aspects of adolescents. Postpartum psychological disorders of adolescent mothers are postpartum blues.
AIM: The study aimed to identify factors related to the incidence of postpartum blues in adolescent mothers.
METHODS: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional method involving 90 respondents taken by consecutive sampling. Research sites in Bandung City Special Hospital for Mothers and Children and Al-Ihsan Regional Public Hospital, Bandung District. This research was conducted from May to September 2019. Data collection instruments in this study use the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Pregnancy planning uses the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy questionnaire. Social support uses a postpartum support system and a family coping questionnaire. The last questionnaire is the psychosocial condition of the mother Postpartum Postnatal Risk Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression tests to determine the factors most related to the incidence of postpartum blues in adolescent mothers.
RESULTS: The results showed that there were 44.4% of adolescent mothers experience postpartum blues. There was a significant relationship between social support and the incidence of postpartum blues (p = 0.001; odds ratio [OR] 11,777; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3604–109,534) and home living also had a significant relationship with the incidence of postpartum blues (p = 0.002; OR = 9,653; 95% CI = 0.001–0.225). A negative B value at the home living indicated that home living is a preventative factor for postpartum blues in adolescent mothers.
CONCLUSIONS: Postpartum blues are influenced by social support, psychosocial conditions, and pregnancy planning. Adolescent mothers need to get attention, especially from their husbands and families during the period of puerperium.
Level of Distress Experienced by Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients and Caregivers in Relation to their Medical Education Background: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Inggas Made Agus Mahendra , Velyani Dyani Pitra , Wahyoepramono Petra O. P. , July Julius
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary brain tumor with extensive infiltration of surrounding brain tissue and a high rate of recurrence, with an average survival of 13–16 months. Due to the rapid course of the disease, multimodality treatment, and poor prognosis, both the patients and their caregivers will face significant psychological distress. Identification of the types and severity of distress is crucial to control morbidity during treatment.
AIM: This study aims to define the level of distress experienced by patients and their caregivers during the treatment period by considering their medical education background. At the time of publication, this type of study is unique and has never been done before.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted at the Neurosurgery Outpatient Department of Mochtar Riady Comprehensive Cancer Center Siloam Hospital Jakarta. Patients with GBM and their caregivers were recruited during the early stages of radiation treatment (T1) and the follow-up chemotherapy (T2) and were assessed using the distress thermometer (DT) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) problem checklist followed by in-depth interviews. Participants were divided into two groups based on medical education background. Significant distress is defined as DT score >4.
RESULTS: Data from four pairs of patient-caregivers are collected during the early stages of T1. Two pairs of Patient-Caregivers without medical educational background (P-C non-D) are included later during T2. From T1, patients and caregivers with medical education (P-D) are higher than those without medical education (P-D > P-non D; C-D > C-non D). Another comparison shows that P-D is higher than C-D. In contrast, P-non D is lower than C-non D. Based on the time data collected, it shows DT: P-non D T2 > P-non D T1, but there is no difference between T2 and T1 in the caregiver’s group: C-non D T1 = C- non D T2. From the NCCN problem checklist, it is known that they attribute their distress mostly to physical problems.
CONCLUSION: The physical and mental changes experienced by patients cause distress for patients and their caregivers. Knowledge of disease and treatment possessed by patients or caregivers helps them deal with GBM and the entire course of treatment.
Clonal alien plants in the mountains spread upward more extensively and faster than non-clonal
Authors: Zheng Miao-Miao , Pyšek Petr , Guo Kun , Hasigerili Hasigerili , Guo Wen-Yong
Published: February 2024

Alien species are colonizing mountain ecosystems and increasing their elevation ranges in response to ongoing climate change and anthropogenic disturbances, posing increasing threats to native species. However, how quickly alien species spread upward and what drives their invasion remains insufficiently understood. Here, using 26,952 occurrence records of 58 alien plant species collected over two centuries in the Czech Republic, we explored the elevation range and invasion speed of each alien species and the underlying factors driving these variables. We collected species traits relevant for invasion (e.g., clonality, flowering time, life span, invasion status, height, mycorrhizal type, native range, naturalized range, monoploid genome size, and Ellenberg-type indicator values for light, temperature, and nitrogen), human-associated factors (e.g., introduction pathways and the sum of economic use types), and minimum residence time. We explored the relationships between these factors and species’ elevation range and invasion speed using phylogenetic regressions. Our results showed that 58 alien species have been expanding upward along mountain elevations in the Czech Republic over the past two centuries. A stronger effect of species’ traits than human-associated factors has been revealed, e.g., clonality was a key trait supporting the invasion of alien species into the mountains, while human-associated factors showed no effect. Our findings highlight that the characteristics associated with rapid reproduction and spread are crucial for alien species’ invasion into montane regions. Identifying key drivers of this process is important for predicting the spatiotemporal dynamics of alien species in high-altitude ecosystems and thus employing apposite measures to reduce the threat to native plant species.
Mechanical ventilation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Korea: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Sim Jae Kyeom , Moon Seok Joo , Choi Juwhan , Oh Jee Youn , Lee Young Seok , Min Kyung Hoon , Hur Gyu Young , Lee Sung Yong , Shim Jae Jeong
Published: February 2024

Background/Aims: The prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation is poor. Therefore, mechanical ventilation is not recommended. Recently, outcomes of mechanical ventilation, including those for patients with IPF, have improved. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the use of mechanical ventilation in patients with IPF and their outcomes over time.Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database. Patients diagnosed with IPF between January 2011 and December 2019 who were placed on mechanical ventilation were included. We analyzed changes in the use of mechanical ventilation in patients with IPF and their mortality using the Cochran- Armitage trend test.Results: Between 2011 and 2019, 1,227 patients with IPF were placed on mechanical ventilation. The annual number of patients with IPF with and without mechanical ventilation increased over time. However, the ratio was relatively stable at approximately 3.5%. The overall hospital mortality rate was 69.4%. There was no improvement in annual hospital mortality rate. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 68.7%, which did not change significantly. The overall 90-day mortality rate was 85.3%. The annual 90-day mortality rate was decreased from 90.9% in 2011 to 83.1% in 2019 (p = 0.028).Conclusions: Despite improvements in intensive care and ventilator management, the prognosis of patients with IPF receiving mechanical ventilation has not improved significantly.
Mises à l’épreuve de l’attachement. Migrations et persécutions à Lubartów, 1939-1945
Authors: Zalc Claire , Perdoncin Anton , Escaich Gabrielle
Published: February 2024

En septembre 1939, la population de la petite ville polonaise de Lubartów compte environ 3 300 personnes identifiées comme juives. En 1945, elles sont à peine plus d’une quinzaine à avoir survécu, cachées en ville et dans ses environs. L’enjeu de cet article est de comprendre les dynamiques sociales de la destruction des Juif.ve.s de Pologne, à partir de la reconstitution exhaustive des trajectoires biographiques dans cette ville, entre fuites, déplacements forcés orchestrés par les autorités allemandes, rafles, déportations, rares survies. Ces itinéraires sont-ils, ou non, déterminés par les formes multiples d’attachement qui relient les individus aux personnes et aux lieux qu’ils habitent ? La démarche mésoscopique s’articule à une modélisation statistique des moments de bifurcation. Ceci permet d’interroger les régimes d’action dans des situations de perturbation sociale majeure en montrant comment la dimension relationnelle des trajectoires de persécution s’articule à d’autres dimensions structurantes, en particulier le genre.
Mariage et séparation dans la société Kongo de la fin du xix e siècle à nos jours. Entre tradition et modernité
Authors: Mbala Lussunzi Vita
Published: February 2024

Jusqu’à la fin du xix e  siècle, le fonctionnement de la société kongo a été régulé par de fortes traditions ancestrales. Le mariage des jeunes hommes et des jeunes femmes était décidé, parfois avant même leur naissance, en fonction de l’intérêt des clans et de l’équilibre entre ceux-ci. Décidé au nom des ancêtres, pour le maintien des lignées claniques, le mariage survivait à la mort des époux ou à leur éventuelle séparation. Ainsi le mariage ne pouvait être dissous et le divorce était pratiquement inconcevable dans la société kongo ancienne. Sous les effets conjugués de la colonisation élargie après 1885, de l’évangélisation par la Baptist Missionary Society (BMS), de l’exode rural et de l’entrée dans l’économie de marché, le contrôle exercé par les clans familiaux a progressivement diminué et les mentalités ont évolué. Enfin, au cours des dernières décennies, on observe un effondrement des règles traditionnelles concernant les couples : absence de contrôle parental sur la mise en couple des jeunes, unions de fait sans mariage officiel, explosion de la fréquence du divorce. Au terme de ces transformations, les cadres traditionnels régulant le mariage et la vie de famille semblent avoir implosé, et les traits culturels kongo être menacés de disparition.
Fiction et merveilleux dans Die Abenteuer des Don Sylvio von Rosalva de C. M. Wieland
Authors: Jacquelin Évelyne
Published: February 2024

Mit seinem Untertitel – „eine Geschichte, worin alles Wunderbare natürlich zugeht“ – und seinem Handlungsgerüst – die Abenteuer und die Heilung eines neuen, durch Feenmärchen geistig verwirrten Don Quijote – stellt Wielands erster Roman kritische Betrachtungen über die Fiktion und über das Wunderbare gleich in den Vordergrund. Um deren Bedeutung besser zu ergründen, soll man diachronisch auf die Auffassung des Verhältnisses von Fiktion und Wahrheit zurückkommen, sowie auf die Anpassung des Wunderbaren an die mimesis nach unterschiedlichen, in der ersten Hälfte des 18. Jhs. in Deutschland diskutierten poetologischen Strategien. Die Abenteuer des Don Sylvio von Rosalva dürfen somit als Erprobung von früher erörterten Kategorien in einem durch den Empirismus erneuerten Kontext gelesen werden, wobei die Macht der Fiktion und des Wunderbaren neu definiert wird.
E.T.A. Hoffmann illustré. Imaginaire fantastico-grotesque et images hypnotiques
Authors: O’donnell Fiona
Published: February 2024

Anlässlich des 200. Todesjahres von E. T. A. Hoffmann veröffentlichten die Gründer des Typhon-Verlags Dans la nuit d’E.T.A. Hoffmann (2022) in ihrer Reihe „ Les hallucinés “ (Die Halluzinierten). In diesem Aufsatz wird der Platz dieser illustrierten Neuauflage in der umfangreichen französischen Hoffmann-Rezeption untersucht, für die Übersetzerinnen und Übersetzer sowie Illustratorinnen und Illustratoren als bevorzugte Vermittlungsfiguren fungierten. Untersucht wird besonders die Fähigkeit von Tristan Bonnemains Zeichnungen, zu den Bildlinien des Unbestimmten zurückzukehren und gleichzeitig einzigartige und moderne Entwürfe zur Illustration eines der meist illustrierten Autoren der deutschen Literatur anzubieten.
L’improbable ascension d’une multinationale marocaine de la tech
Authors: Horani Mohamed
Published: February 2024

Fondée en 1995 pour accompagner des banques en matière de paiements électroniques, HPS est aujourd’hui le partenaire des plus grandes institutions financières au monde. La R&D, la qualité, l’agilité ainsi qu’une parfaite connaissance du métier sont au cœur de cette grande aventure entrepreneuriale.
Transfigurer des sites culturels et touristiques
Authors: Rossillon Kléber
Published: February 2024

Quel est le point commun entre le château de Castelnaud, la grotte préhistorique Cosquer et le train de l’Ardèche ? Ils ont été transfigurés par Kléber Rossillon, qui a développé un savoir-faire unique dans la mise en valeur de sites en concevant pour chacun des parcours de visite sur mesure.
« Je ne bouge » : Montaigne ou l’arrêt tonique de la pensée
Authors: Brancher Dominique
Published: February 2024

Montaigne déconstruit l’association morale entre immobilité et paresse en travaillant la limite indécise séparant l’arrêt du mouvement, le vice de la vertu. Dans son régime de vie et de pensée, il esquisse l’anthropologie d’un sujet à la fois constant et changeant, infatigablement dormart et nonchalamment actif, traversant les impératifs moralisants de la médecine et de la théologie sans s’y ranger. Il développe ainsi un véritable art de la résistance à la gravité des idées reçues, où l’activité passive n’est pas servitude volontaire , mais abandon réfléchi.
Le « profit » de la paresse chez Marguerite de Navarre
Authors: Butterworth Emily
Published: February 2024

L’exploration de la paresse dans L’Heptaméron de Marguerite de Navarre nous invite à considérer la manière dont l’héritage de l’acédie s’y actualise, et ses implications genrées.
La paresse dans les Adages d’Érasme. De l’inflexibilité de l’ignorance à la souplesse du doute sceptique
Authors: Perona Blandine
Published: February 2024

La galerie de portraits de paresseux dans les Adages invite à distinguer la rigidité de l’ignorant et du tyran de la souplesse du sceptique. Les adages satiriques qui dénoncent le vice de la paresse tout en signalant l’importance d’une éducation libérale côtoient les adages qui louent souplesse, abandon et laisser-aller. Cet ensemble révèle ainsi la dimension pédagogique des Adages qui demandent une herméneutique souple, un exercice agile du doute et de la nuance qui peut être rattaché au scepticisme de la Nouvelle Académie.
Paresse, noblesse et identité sociale dans les Conversations de Madeleine de Scudéry
Authors: Burgat-Charvillon Léa
Published: February 2024

Dans les Conversations de Madeleine de Scudéry, la paresse met en évidence des dynamiques sociales et politiques et peut apparaître comme une réaction ambivalente aux changements politiques.
Télétravail à domicile : comment immuniser les collaborateurs face à la cyber épidémie ?
Authors: Dufour Nicolas , Diard Caroline
Published: February 2024

Avec la pérennisation du télétravail et l’utilisation accrue d’outils en réseau, les organisations affrontent des risques émergents : cyber attaques, vol de données, fraude interne. Comment lutter contre cette épidémie émergente et prévenir ces cyber risques ? Nous analysons ces risques avec une étude qualitative dans une compagnie d’assurance-vie et démontrons la nécessité de développer une protection renforcée, de sensibiliser les collaborateurs grâce à une forte implication des managers.
Les facilitateurs de tiers-lieux, entre tensions de rôle et stratégies d’ajustement : une étude exploratoire en tiers-lieux ruraux
Authors: Urasadettan Jennifer , Glémain Pascal
Published: February 2024

Cette recherche met l’accent sur une figure peu étudiée jusqu’alors des tiers-lieux : celle du facilitateur. Nous cherchons, en nous centrant sur la variété des missions occupées (animation de communauté, administration du lieu, communication commerciale, aménagement physique des lieux) et sur leur diversité (certaines missions relèvent de la logique du management, tandis que d’autres font référence à de la créativité et du contact) à voir comment les facilitateurs agissent pour diminuer les tensions de rôle auxquels ils font face. Nous émettons l’idée que les facilitateurs adoptent des stratégies d’ajustement centrées sur la tâche plutôt que sur l’émotion pour répondre à ces tensions de rôle. Les résultats du terrain (étude de neuf tiers-lieux et de leurs facilitateurs) nous permettront de formuler des préconisations pour mieux faire face à ces tensions de rôle.
Finding Your Voice: A Large-Scale Nursing Training in Speaking up and Listening Skills
Authors: Gray Megan M. , Umoren Rachel , Sayre Cindy , Hagan Anna , Jackson Kim , Wong Karena , Kim Sara
Published: February 2024

Background:

Training in speaking up skills for nursing professionals provides the groundwork for promoting a culture of curiosity and inquiry. At the foundation of speaking up is psychological safety for team members to disagree, offer alternative ideas, and ask questions.

Method:

A large-scale training session, Finding Your Voice: Speaking Up & Listening Skills, was designed and delivered to 1,306 nurses at an academic medical center.

Results:

Most participants reported that the session met the training goals (97%). There was an increase in participants' confidence in speaking up (pretraining 69% ± 19%; posttraining 73% ± 15%;
p
< .0001), and listening (pretraining 68% ± 19%; post-training 74% ± 15%;
p
< .0001). Leaders showed greater increases in confidence in listening and responding to nurses speaking up (leaders 5.6% vs. nonleaders 4.2%,
p
< .00001).

Conclusion:

Nurses benefited from an interactive educational experience by practicing strategies for speaking up and listening.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2024;55(6):309–316.]
Diversidad cultural. Una definición
Authors: Díaz de Rada Ángel
Published: February 2024

Los usos de las expresiones cultura y diversidad cultural presentan perfiles muy diferentes -incluso contradictorios- en antropología social y en los lenguajes habituales de los expertos en promoción y protección de la «cultura» o las «expresiones culturales». Este ensayo examina ese problema, que dificulta la comunicación entre los especialistas de ambos campos. El objetivo es ofrecer una definición de trabajo de la expresión diversidad cultural. Esta expresión suscita especiales dificultades cuando se parte de una elaboración analítica y precisa de la noción cultura. Aunque estamos muy lejos de encontrar soluciones efectivas a esos problemas de comunicación, este ensayo sugiere algunas posibilidades de aclaración que podrían alentar un debate reflexivo para emprender adecuadamente un diálogo analíticamente fundamentado.
Bailar en la frontera. Itinerarios corporales de mujeres aymara- bolivianas y afro-colombianas en Arica (Chile)
Authors: Araya Isabel
Published: February 2024

El artículo profundiza en los itinerarios corporales de mujeres migrantes vinculadas a distintas prácticas dancísticas populares que se desarrollan en Arica (Chile). Desde el cuerpo y con una perspectiva interseccional como enfoques teórico-metodológicos, se comparan dos migraciones en la triple frontera andina: la migración aymara-boliviana y afro-colombiana. El objetivo es analizar los itinerarios corporales de ambos grupos, es decir, las prácticas del cuerpo dinámicas y mutables que son expresadas en sus biografías. A través de una metodología cualitativa, se construyeron historias de vida y mapas corporales con cuatro mujeres. El foco estuvo en comparar cómo las variables de género, étnico-raciales, clase social y nacionalidad 1) se manifiestan en sus recorridos migratorios, 2) son experimentadas a través del cuerpo y 3) generan estrategias corporales frente a contextos de desigualdad social. Se concluye que, al migrar, la danza representa una dimensión política para enfrentar situaciones de violencia, racismo y exclusión, y por tanto el cuerpo se convierte en un espacio de acción y transformación social.
Estabilización retrospectiva de presupuestos y proyectos en un programa de desarrollo en Chiloé, Chile
Authors: Valdivieso Diego
Published: February 2024

Este estudio de caso aborda el papel fundamental que juegan los presupuestos y proyectos, tecnologías dinámicas, discrecionales y flexibles para la gestión, planificación y distribución de recursos, en las preocupaciones y prácticas cotidianas de los funcionarios públicos encargados de la implementación del Programa de Desarrollo Territorial Indígena (PDTI) en el área central del archipiélago de Chiloé. Basado en datos obtenidos tras un año de trabajo de campo etnográfico, este artículo describe cómo estas tecnologías, activadas mediante prácticas contingentes y estabilizados retrospectivamente, se utilizan para el movimiento de recursos y como herramientas para superar los obstáculos que plantea un modelo de administración pública que opera mediante mecanismos de gestión como la flexibilidad laboral, evaluación de desempeño, rendición de cuentas y competencia por recursos. Así, se busca relevar las circunstancias locales y contingentes que participan de la estabilización de presupuestos liberados de las condiciones involucradas en su producción, y las herramientas discrecionales que los funcionarios utilizan para la captura y asignación de recursos.
Imagen y antropología en movimiento: temas y desafíos desde la mirada expandida de Arnd Schneider
Authors: Sama Acedo Sara
Published: February 2024

La fecunda relación entre antropología y arte, así como la temprana experimentación con la imagen en movimiento han contribuido a la expansión de la práctica metodológica y producción del conocimiento antropológico a lo largo de décadas. Este artículo propone desgranar algunas de estas contribuciones desde un diálogo crítico reflexivo con el último libro del antropólogo Arnd Schneider (2021) Expanded Visions: A New Anthropology of the Moving Image. En primer lugar, se abordan tres ámbitos especialmente productivos para avanzar en la reflexión y la experimentación en práctica antropológica: la materialidad de la imagen y su mediación en la producción y difusión de significados; las posibilidades que ofrecen las técnicas cinematográficas experimentales como dispositivos analíticos antropológicos; la construcción del tiempo/espacio en la producción cinematográfica y etnográfica como forma de interpretar hechos y conferirles realidad. En segundo lugar, partiendo de la superposición significativa entre el cine experimental y la etnografía que propone Schneider, se seleccionan y discuten algunos temas y obras audiovisuales que visibilizan desafíos para la investigación antropológica. Entre ellos, la relación entre los procesos de representación antropológica, la estética y la intención epistemológica. Vinculado a ello, el desafío de confrontar la ilusión de realidad que la propia investigación antropológica genera para explorar reflexivamente formas diversas de registro y composición narrativa propuestas desde la experimentación audiovisual. Finalmente, se discuten algunos avances en los procesos de descolonización de las prácticas representacionales, así como la agencia de los objetos producidos y su proyección como dispositivos de mediación y transformación social.
Financer quelle agriculture pour quelle transition ?
Authors: Kalil Livia
Published: February 2024

En 2012, le gouvernement brésilien a inauguré le plan ABC, dont le fer de lance est le programme ABC. Ce dernier vise à octroyer des fonds aux agriculteurs pour les encourager à adopter des pratiques agricoles dites « décarbonées ». Cette étude, basée sur des documents officiels et des entretiens, met en évidence l’impact des interactions et des intérêts des divers acteurs impliqués, en particulier ceux de l’agrobusiness, sur la formulation du programme, qui exclut l’agriculture familiale. La création de cet instrument ne constitue pas une rupture avec les pratiques antérieures mais renforce plutôt la dualité de l’agriculture brésilienne. Le plan et le programme ABC ont donné lieu à un « changement par superposition » dans le cadre de la politique agricole brésilienne.
Donner et rendre : la circulation non marchande du travail de reproduction sociale
Authors: Protar Louise
Published: February 2024

À Kiriwina, une société d’horticulteurs et d’horticultrices de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, le travail semble se donner sans compter. Pourtant, certains évènements de la vie sociale sont des moments institutionnalisés de règlement de comptes et de rétribution du travail de reproduction sociale. Cet article développe une analyse de la circulation non marchande du travail et montre que le travail échangé entre parents est une transaction inscrite dans une relation personnelle et une temporalité longue, qui doit faire l’objet d’un retour. Les personnes, ancrées dans une économie hybride, faite de « mondes imbriqués », qui les rend familières du travail marchand et non marchand, articulent ces rapports au travail, selon leur socialisation économique et les enjeux de la situation où elles se trouvent.
North African Perspectives on Studying Abroad
Authors: Darban Karim
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the transition of Moroccan students from French-speaking to English-speaking destinations and programs for studying abroad. The study uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods to identify trends and patterns in destination preference over time and to gather in-depth information on how and why students choose specific countries for their study abroad programs. The quantitative research findings reveal a significant shift in destination preferences for Moroccan students from French-speaking countries to English-speaking countries over the past few years, while the qualitative research findings provide insights into the motivations and priorities of Moroccan students seeking to study abroad. The findings of this study provide valuable insights and added value for practitioners, especially universities and governments seeking to attract international students from North Africa.
Bioinspired Synthesis of Nanocomposites
Authors: Ekrikaya Semiha , Danisman Hikmetnur , Baktir Seda , Arslan Soley Arslan , Ocsoy Ismail
Published: February 2024

The design of nanocoatings and nanostructured based surfaces stands out in many fields and biomedical applications due to their superior advantages over traditional coatings. With current nanotechnological approaches, properties such as antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, increased product life-time, quality interface bonding, enhanced chemical and mechanical properties, high hardness, heat insulation, dirt and water repellency, corrosion resistance, improved energy efficiency, and reduced moisture absorption have been significantly improved. In recent years, the use of NPs and nanocoatings in the design and development of many dental materials has become highly popular in dentistry due to their ability to provide unique combinations of properties. This section will primarily focus on nanocoating materials used in dentistry.
Applications of Nanocomposites in Water Remediation
Authors: Garg Rajni , Garg Rishav , Eddy Nnabuk Okon
Published: February 2024

Water is a crucial natural resource for human and ecosystem health. However, rapid industrialization, urban expansion, and exploitation of natural resources have negatively impacted water quality. Effluents, containing various contaminants, negatively impact water quality. Various techniques have been used to treat effluents, but these methods have drawbacks such as incomplete removal, energy demands, and hazardous sludge generation. T Adsorption is an efficient method for wastewater treatment due to its abundant adsorbents, exceptional performance in pollutant removal, straightforward operational procedures, and cost-effectiveness. The reusability of adsorbents is crucial for financial feasibility. The sorption approach also offers advantages such as the proliferation of sorbents within the ecosystem, their capacity for sorption, remarkable recyclability, regeneration, cost-effectiveness, and the facile desorption of contaminants. This chapter aims to assess the efficacy of nanocomposites in remediating organic pollutants from aquatic ecosystems.
Social Media Advertising
Authors: Bharathi N. S. , Gurung Deep Jyoti
Published: February 2024

The chapter discusses the importance of social media platforms, especially Instagram and YouTube, in advertising for influencing the consumer purchase intention of Generation Z. Various methods of business expansion through social media advertising have been explored. The authors examine in detail several key characteristics of social media advertising that affect consumer purchase intentions, including emotional appeal, interactivity, trust, creativity, and the role of e-word of mouth. The impact of Web 2.0 technologies on the development and effectiveness of social media advertising is emphasized, highlighting the close relationship between the Web 2.0 systems to enable the delivery of advertisements based on usage and preferences to accurately target, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of advertising campaigns mobile, Web 2.0. Implicit communication, mobile-related advertising, and mobile-specific content have become important parts of social media advertising. Researchers from various fields have drawn on rapidly evolving social media platforms, each with its own unique perspective.
Bridging the Digital Divide
Authors: Gupta Priya , Verma Anjali
Published: February 2024

The issue of digital divide in India continues to be one of the critical issues in the 21st century, impacting the social, economic, and the various educational opportunities available for the citizens. This study seeks to examine the current state of digital divide in India by focusing on disparity in internet access, mobile ownership, and digital literacy. This study also aims to identify the numerous factors responsible for digital divide and to assess the key initiatives undertaken by the Government of India to mitigate the disparities. The study employs secondary data gathered from National Family Health Survey, GSMA, TRAI, and NSO. The findings of this study reveal the disparity in internet access, digital literacy, and mobile ownership rooted due to socio-economic factors, education, and geographic locations. This study underscores the need of addressing the digital gap in India and provides valuable insights for the policymakers, stakeholders, and the practitioners to take initiatives towards digital inclusion and equity in the country.
Digital Identity and Data Sovereignty
Authors: Patel Kaushikkumar
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the intersection of digital identity and global data sovereignty, focusing on blockchain's impact. The authors analyze its transformative potential, security, and challenges concerning data regulations. This chapter advocates for a user-centric, ethical, and secure approach to digital identity, addressing societal implications and emphasizing user sovereignty. The chapter calls for interdisciplinary collaboration and outlines future directions for a secure digital identity framework.
Navigating the Digital Era
Authors: Grover Atul
Published: February 2024

In the midst of the 21st-century digital revolution, we find ourselves navigating a complex landscape where our analog instincts clash with our digital dependencies. Our smartphones, compact marvels of technology, house the entirety of our daily existence, from groceries to fashion and medicine. Yet, amidst this convenience, fundamental questions about data safety, security controls, and data ownership linger ominously in our minds. This chapter delves into the vital trifecta of privacy, security, and data ownership in our increasingly digitized world. In an era of ever-evolving technology, the ordinary user constantly frets about the sanctity of their data. While technology has undoubtedly bestowed countless benefits upon humanity, it also bears a dark side, epitomized by the surge in digital frauds and scams. Such concerns propel individuals to ponder deeply: Is my data truly private? and Who ultimately lays claim to, or safeguards, my data? This exploration ventures into the realms of artificial intelligence, virtual reality, the metaverse, online payments, and virtual classrooms.
A Critical Data Ethics Analysis of Algorithmic Bias and the Mining/Scraping of Heirs' Property Records
Authors: Throne Robin
Published: February 2024

The data and research ethics surrounding artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and data mining/scraping (DMS) have been widely discussed within scholarship and among regulatory bodies. Concurrently, the scholarship has continued to examine land rights within the Gullah Geechee community for heirs' property land rights and land dispossession along the Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor (GGCHC). This chapter presents the results of a critical data ethics analysis for the risks of data brokerage, algorithmic bias, the use of DMS by dominant groups external to the GGCHC, and the ensuing privacy implications, discrimination, and ongoing land dispossession of heirs' property owners. Findings indicate a gap in documented research for heirs' property records, yet Gullah Geechee algorithmic bias was evident. Further research is needed to understand better the data privacy protections needed for heirs' property records and ongoing scrutiny of local versus federal policy for data privacy protections specific to heirs' property records.
Accuracy of tree height estimation with model extracted from artificial neural network and new linear and nonlinear models
Authors: Dantas Daniel , Pinto Luiz Otávio Rodrigues , Lacerda Talles Hudson Souza , Cordeiro Natielle Gomes , Calegario Natalino
Published: February 2024

Variable height is commonly used as an input attribute to estimate other variables. Thus, to ensure less susceptibility to errors, it is necessary to obtain the variable height correctly. In addition to DBH, hypsometric relationships are influenced by several factors, such as site, age, genetic variation, and silvicultural practices. The inclusion of these factors in hypsometric models can lead to a gain in the quality of the estimates and in the biological realism. The objective of this study was to propose and evaluate the performance of a model extracted from artificial neural network training and of new models to estimate the total height of eucalyptus trees. The data used in this study originated from temporary forest inventories conducted in eucalyptus stands in Minas Gerais, Brazil. A multilayer perceptron artificial neural network was trained, and a nonlinear equation was extracted from the best-performing network to predict the total heights of trees. New linear and nonlinear hypsometric models were constructed and fit considering variables related to individual trees (DBH) and stands (plot basal area, age and site index). The new hypsometric models proposed in this study showed satisfactory performance and are effective for estimating the total heights of eucalyptus trees, particularly the model extracted from the artificial neural network and the nonlinear model
Early rootstock selection under ‘tahiti’ acid lime crown in Capitão Poço, Pará State, Brazil
Authors: Gurgel Fabio de Lima , Mariguele Keny Henrique , Yokomizo Gilberto Ken Iti , Andrade Neto Romeu de Carvalho , Girardi Eduardo Augusto , Passos Orlando Sampaio , Soares Filho Walter dos Santos
Published: February 2024

Citrus represents one of the main fruit crops grown in the world, highlighting the ‘Tahiti’ acid lime tree. The objective was to compare rootstock varieties combined with this scion to identify those with the best agronomic performance and precocity of production, in addition to Phytophthora gummosis resistance. The experiment was carried out in Capitão Poço, northeast region of Pará, and the following seven rootstock genotypes were evaluated: ‘Sunki Tropical’, ‘BRS O S Passos’, ‘BRS Bravo’, ‘BRS Donadio’, ‘Citrandarin Indio’, ‘BRS Matta’, and ‘LVK x LCR-038’. A randomized block experimental design was used, with three replications and 10 plants per plot. The evaluated characteristics were: plant height (m); crown volume (m3); number of ripe fruit per plant; total yield of ripened fruit per plant (kg plant-1); cumulative fruit yield (fruit kg plant-1); and average productive efficiency (fruit kg m-3 of crown). The average productive efficiency was high. For early selection, the best rootstocks in terms of yield, stability and adaptability were Sunki Tropical, BRS O S Passos, and Cintradarin Indio. The fruit number had the greatest direct effect on fruit yield, and crown pruning was directly harmful. Further studies to understand the complex interaction of G x E for BRS Donadio and Sunki Tropical should be carried out.
Effects of dietary palm oil on nutritional indices of Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) for Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) production
Authors: Abreu Jessica Aline Soares de , Caleffe Ronaldo Roberto Tait , Julio Alison Henrique Ferreira , Oliveira Stefany Rodrigues de , Conte Helio , Ruvolo-Takasusuki Maria Claudia Colla
Published: February 2024

Cotesia flavipes parasitizes Diatraea saccharalis, a pest that causes major losses to sugarcane production. The mass production of C. flavipes and its subsequent release onto sugarcane is one form of biological control of D. saccharalis. An essential factor for successfully fighting this pest is the development of host diets that can increase the efficiency of C. flavipes production. Palm oil contains saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated linoleic acid. However, little is known about the effects of palm oil on C. flavipes production in the laboratory. Different concentrations of palm oil were added to the D. saccharalis diet and its nutritional indices were analyzed. Subsequently, the production and sex ratio of C. flavipes were determined. Our results indicated that the addition of higher palm oil concentrations to an artificial diet generated a high relative consumption rate (RCR) in D. saccharalis, and consequently a high relative metabolic rate (RMR), which resulted in a lower production of the parasitoid. In contrast, the lowest palm oil concentration in the artificial diet generated a low RMR and resulted in high-efficiency conversion of ingested food (ECI), enabling D. saccharalis to yield more C. flavipes. This suggests that palm oil influences the quantity of D. saccharalis ingested, which determines the number of C. flavipes that will be generated. In this study, supplementation of a D. saccharalis diet with 0.25% palm oil increased the production of C. flavipes. Therefore, this level of palm oil supplementation can aid in the production of C. flavipes on a laboratory-scale. Further research, including increasing the number of parasitoids, must be performed to mass-produce the augmentative releases of C. flavipes to manage D. saccharalis.
Changing the land use from degraded pasture into integrated farming systems enhance soil carbon stocks in the Cerrado biome
Authors: Freitas Igor Costa de , Alves Matheus Almeida , Pena Arlen Nicson Lopes , Ferreira Evander Alves , Frazão Leidivan Almeida
Published: February 2024

Integrated agricultural production systems can increase soil organic carbon stocks over time and contribute to the mitigation of climate change. The present study aimed to evaluate soil carbon stocks, accumulation rates (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and the quality of soil organic matter (SOM) after the transition of a low-productivity pasture into agrosilvopastoral systems in the Cerrado biome. We evaluated an 11-year-old experiment, and the treatments studied were: Eucalyptus + buffel grass; Eucalyptus + cowpea; Eucalyptus + pigeon pea; eucalyptus + buffel grass + cowpea; Eucalyptus + buffel grass + pigeon pea; Eucalyptus in monoculture (with a 20 × 3 m tree arrangement and no cultivation between rows but with a history of forage and grain crop production); and a low-productivity pasture as additional treatment and reference to the soil condition previously the land-use change. In this study, TOC and TN stocks and accumulation, labile (LC) and non-labile carbon (NLC), and SOM humic fractions were evaluated at 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, and 0-40 cm depth layers. Integrated farming systems have increased TOC and TN, NLC, carbon contents and stocks in SOM chemical fractions in all depths and TOC and TN accumulation of 5.22 Mg ha-1 year-1 and 0.23 Mg ha-1 year-1, respectively, at the 0-40 cm depth layer. The integration of Eucalyptus with legumes or buffel grass increased the LC content in the surface layer of the soil. The transition from low-productivity pasture into integrated farming systems can promote the recovery of SOM and soil quality. Hence, our results suggest that agrosilvopastoral systems can be used as sustainable farming systems in the Cerrado biome.
Biomass yield and chemical composition of the cassava plant over two vegetative growth cycles
Authors: Menegucci Nathane Colombo , Leonel Magali , Fernandes Adalton Mazetti , Nunes Jason Geter da Silva , Nunes Jesion Geibel da Silva
Published: February 2024

The objective of this work was to study the biomass production and chemical composition of the different parts of the cassava plant during the first and second vegetative cycles, with the aim of providing data that can contribute to the understanding of the response of cassava cultivars to different harvest ages. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in split plot scheme. Plots were represented by cultivars IAC 90 and IAC 118-95 and subplots by crop age (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 months after planting). Our results showed that the ‘IAC 90’ allocated a higher proportion of assimilates to the leaves, stem and planted cutting than the ‘IAC 118-95’, which was more efficient in allocating dry matter to the storage roots. Storage roots showed an increase of more than 50% in starch content 14 months after planting. The cultivar IAC 118-95 is distinguished by the higher harvest index, allowing earlier harvesting, with possible valorisation of the leaves as industrial raw material. Variables showed different degrees of inter-relationships amongst themselves. Total plant fresh matter and dry matter yields were positively correlated with growth parameters and root starch for both cultivars. Harvest time and cultivar are key factors that should be considered to increase profits in the cassava agro-industrial chain.
Prunings in fruit species, source of food reserve for beef cattle breeding
Authors: Markov Nikolay , Georgiev Diyan , Bozhanska Tatyana , Hristova Denitsa , Hristov Miroslav
Published: February 2024

Summer pruning of fruit species as an alternative for feeding with vegetable waste in beef cattle breeding is observed. The experiment was conducted in 2020 in an experimental farm for beef cows (Hornless Hereford breed) of the Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture, Troyan (Bulgaria). The animals were fed in a controlled manner with standardized amounts of foliar fodder, obtained after summer pruning of fruit crops (plums, apples, pears). The main purpose of the study is to consider the potential and opportunity of using plant matter after summer pruning (green pruning) in various orchards, as a food reserve in beef cattle breeding. The highest appetite was shown by the leaves and twigs obtained during plum pruning (combined group of two cultivars) (46.6%), followed by those of the apple (31.2%) and the lowest value was registered for pear species (22.2%). The total amount of the three types of fodder is accepted as 100%. Compared to the other studied species, the foliar fodder from Prunus domestica had the highest content of crude protein (20.3%), minerals (11.7%), calcium (2.2%), phosphorus (0.6%) and nitrogen (3.2%).
Parasitism by Amblyomma ovale on domestic dog in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Lignon Julia Somavilla , Martins Thiago Fernandes , Monteiro Silvia Gonzalez
Published: February 2024

Ticks are obligate ectoparasite arthropods of the class Arachnida distributed worldwide and can parasitize many animals. They constitute one of the most important groups of vectors of infectious diseases, including zoonoses. The objective of this study was to report the parasitism by Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844 in a domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758) in Santa Maria, in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Two specimens of ectoparasites found on a domestic dog, living in a rural property, were sent to the Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology at the Federal University of Santa Maria for taxonomic identification. The two specimens found were classified as adult male and female of A. ovale. Through this study, the parasitism of this species is reported for the first time in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a domestic dog, allowing the infestation and transmission of diseases to humans.
Pumpkin seed flour (Cucurbita pepo l.) as an alternative source in the feeding of pigs in the initial phase of production
Authors: Castro Marina Resende de , Oliveira Carlos Henrique Trindade de , Teles Mariele Cristina , Barcelos Michael da Silva , Motta Katiucia Cristina das Neves , Medeiros Silvana Lúcia dos Santos , Almeida Alexander Alexandre de , Valentim Jean Kaique
Published: February 2024

Food production in a sustainable way is based on the association between animals and vegetables to minimize costs, environmental impact, and the use of insums in the breeding process. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of pumpkin seed flour (Cucurbita pepo L.) in the diet on the performance of early-stage pigs and the reduction of endoparasites in a commercial rearing system. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments and six replicates, and the experimental unit consisted of two animals, totaling 36 animals. The treatments were the basal diet and two levels of inclusion of pumpkin seed: 5 and 10%. The animals were of the Agroceres line, with 42 days of age and an average weight of 12 kg. The animals and rations were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the 35-day experimental period to obtain the performance variables. A bromatological analysis was performed to evaluate the composition of pumpkin seed and for parasitic analysis, feces were collected individually from the animal. There was no significant effect for the Tukey test at the level of 5% probability, of the inclusion of pumpkin seed flour on in the parameters of weight gain and feed conversion. Was observed the reduction of helminth eggs present in feces using egg count and oocysts per gram of feces (OPG), performed at the beginning and end of the experiment. It is indicated the inclusion of 10% of pumpkin flour in the feeding of pigs in the initial phase by reducing contamination by verminosis and does not alter animal performance.