bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Harmonized ENC Database as a Foundation of Electronic Navigation
Authors: Bergmann Michael
Published: September 2013

The development of ship navigation classically is based on paper charts, positioning systems like sextants, or nowadays GNSS. Lead by IMO and with support by organizations like IHO and IALA, the shipping industry moves towards the future of enhanced and electronic navigation to improve safety and efficiency of ship movement around the world. The basic data layers for this development are electronic vector charts. This data layer needs to be enhanced by a growing number of other data streams to create situational awareness during any voyage, but also allow for improved planning and efficient ship movement to increase safety and reduce pollution by reducing carbon footprint and reduce risk of environmental issues due to accidents. Given that, the aim of e-Navigation is to integrate data streams, leading to information for situational awareness, which enables wise decisions for mariners on ships and support teams on shore.
A Selection of Shipping Business Strategy for Containership using an Evidential Reasoning Method
Authors: Rahman N.S.F. Abdul
Published: September 2013

Various shipping business strategies have been proposed by researchers due to the uncertainty of global conditions. The aims of those strategies are to reduce emissions produced by containerships and the vessel expenditure costs. A decision-making technique incorporating an evidential reasoning method, a fuzzy-link-based technique, and an analytical hierarchy process approach is used for selecting the most beneficial shipping business strategy. A set of qualitative data is obtained from expert judgments. A strategy “combination of Mega Containership and Reduction of Ports of Call” is classified as the most beneficial shipping business strategy in a dynamic operational environment.
A New Linear Double Salient Permanent Magnet Motor with Complementary Winding
Authors: Cheng Ming , Cao Rui Wu , Hua Wei , Wang Xin
Published: September 2013

In this paper, two novel structures of linear double salient permanent magnet (LDSPM) motor having magnets and armature windings in primary are proposed and compared. Firstly, the design principles of both motors are presented. Then, for a fair comparison, two motors are designed based on the same primary dimensions including the slot area, teeth number, pole pitch, permanent magnet volumes and coils number per phase, while the stator pole pitch and the primary structure are different. Finally, the configurations and static characteristics of both motors are critically compared based on finite element (FE) analysis. The results indicate that the proposed topology can avoid the asymmetry of back-EMF waveforms and reduce cogging force and thrust force ripple. Also, the proposed primary permanent magnet linear motors are suitable for the longer stator application such as urban rail transit (URT).
Construction Method of Perfect Reconstruction Condition-Based Biorthogonal Wavelet
Authors: Li Rui Ming , Gong Liang , Xiong Qi
Published: September 2013

This paper proposes a general construction method of biorthogonal wavelet based on perfect reconstruction condition. With the certain filter length and vanishing moment, it can educe the biorthogonal wavelets filter coefficient by solving equations. Thereafter, this method constructs 5/3 wavelet, CDF9/7 wavelet and 9/7 wavelet with simple coefficient, which applies well to hardware, for JPEG2000.
Research on Clustering Recognition Algorithm without any Prior Information
Authors: Shuo Liang Xun , Chen Yi Ying , Zhang Ze Xing
Published: September 2013

Aiming at the problem that the stability of clustering recognition algorithm without any prior information is not enough and the network cluster extraction quality needs to be improved and so on, the original algorithm is improved from the following aspects: The choice of the destination vertex function is added in the random walk; use automatic step number detection method to cancel the original algorithm of random walk steps parameter; add weight of evaluation inter-cluster connection on the original based on cluster extraction conditions; realize the controllable particle size of cluster extraction by introducing the threshold parameter. The test results show that the improved algorithm in terms of anti-jamming in the stability and the clustering quality are higher than the original algorithm.
Analysis on Gravure Hot-Air Drying Parameters Based on Matlab
Authors: Cao Le , Wang A Ni
Published: September 2013

This paper illustrated the importance of determining reasonable gravure hot-air drying parameters. On the basis of residual solvent detection via gas chromatographic method, the effect of hot-air velocity, hot-air temperature and primal solvent content on residual solvent was analyzed. According to polynomial regression analysis, curve fitting was conducted, and mathematical model of various parameters, average drying velocity and unit energy consumption was constructed to optimize printing dryer and guide practical production.
Programming and Implementation of File Encryption System Based on Matrix Transformation
Authors: Xiang Hai Fei
Published: September 2013

File transfer and e-mail business dealings have a lot of insecurity on the Internet. This paper presents a encryption algorithm of electronic documents based on matrix, and it brings forward implementing by VC.the algorithm relies on a special class of matrix combination, the method is feasible and effective to improve the security of the electronic document system. Finally, the code is given.
Evolution of Microstructure, Precipitate and Magnetic Properties with the Different Annealing Temperature in High Grade Nonoriented Electrical Steels
Authors: Ye Tie , Zhou Cheng , Gao Zhen Yu
Published: September 2013

The evolution of microstructure, precipitate and magnetic properties in nonoriented electrical steels with different annealing temperature was studied. The iron loss of steel decreases with an increase in the final annealing temperature ranging from 800~900°C. This phenomenon is associated with grains recovery; recrystallization and grains grow up with the temperature increasing. Grain size continues to increase, but the average particle size decreases and particle density increases at 880~900°C which show precipitates have dissolved. It approved that the dissolution process of a lot of precipitates occurred after grains growing up. Precipitates are mainly of the second phase particles MnS and AlN. The magnetic induction increased firstly at 800~880°C and then increasing at 880~900°C.It can be found that the proportion of the texture for [{100} +Gos/ {111} at 900°C is higher than that at 880°C and the proportion of Gauss texture is higher at 900°C than that at 880°C. Gauss texture in high grade silicon steel plays an important role which promotes magnetic induction to increase.
Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution and Controlling Factor on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Southern East China Sea Shelf Basin
Authors: Bai Ying , Wang Hong Liang , Li Qian Ru , Wu Peng
Published: September 2013

The East China Sea shelf basin, which is a fault subsidence during the Cenozoic Era, locates in the East China Sea continental shelf. In this paper, balanced section technique has been applied to analyzing the differential evolution in the East China Sea shelf basin south of Cenozoic tectonic and summarizing the control factors of tectonic activities on the petroleum accumulation. Our study results will provide essential data and basis for the distribution of the Cenozoic oil and gas and promote the development of the petroleum exploration in the East China Sea shelf basin.
Matlab and Geoscope Joint Inversion Technology under the Constraint of Isochronous Facies Controlled Multi-Point Geological Model
Authors: Fang Shi , Zhang Xin Rong , Li Jun , Xie Chun Lai
Published: September 2013

The formation in Wudong area is complex, and oil and gas reservoirs are seriously concealed and very difficult to identify. Thus, to accurately predict the sand bodies by using seismic data, the facies controlled multi-point geological statistical model constrained inversion technology under the isochronous framework is applied. Through a comprehensive explanation on the seismic and geological data, the deposit facies space distribution in the study area is reveled, and then a very stable space variation function is solved in combination with the multi-point geological statistical model analyzed in the developed well. Seismic stochastic inversion constrained by the model is implemented, and its prediction accordance rate of the sand bodies reaches 87.5%, proving the facies controlled multi-point geological statistical model constrained inversion technology under the isochronous framework are only targeted at a few wells, and plays a very significant effect on the area of few wells, uneven distribution, and complex formation evolution. Thus, the model can meet the needs of the oil field exploration and development.
TEAP: A Traffic Jam Early Alert Protocol in VANET
Authors: Jiang Qian , Yu Li Yang
Published: September 2013

Every day, a vast number of drivers are suffering from traffic jams around the world. The intelligent transport system can be used to reduce traffic jams. In this paper, we proposed a traffic jam early alert protocol (TEAP) which could propagate the alert information of traffic jam to drivers through the VANET as soon as possible. The early alert information could help the drivers avoid the jammed area. With the TEAP, the alert information including the position of the event would be transmitted immediately along the roads by unicast once a traffic jam happened while broadcast would be used when the message travelled by the crosses of roads so that all the vehicles possible drive into the spot of the accidents would get the information early. Besides, the oncoming vehicles would help disseminating the information. The simulations showed TEAP improved the packets successful delivery apart from rapid disseminating information.
Research of Air-Gap Magnetic Field Distribution of Segment-Powered Linear Induction Motor
Authors: Rao Jin , Xu Jin , Liu De Zhi , Yang Xi Dang , Ma Wei Ming
Published: September 2013

For segment-powered linear induction motor (LIM), there is major asymmetry among the mutual inductance of stator windings. Based on magnetic motive force theory, this paper derived the magnetic motive force distribution of single-phase winding of the segment-powered linear induction motor, and confirmed the characteristics of magnetic motive force distribution of the segment-powered linear induction motor. Based on the magnetic motive force distribution of single-phase winding, the analytic expressions of air-gap field distribution of the segment-powered linear motor were derived, and the finite element simulation results verified the analytic results.
A New SVPWM Dead-Time Compensation Strategy for Low Speed Direct-Drive Motor
Authors: Cheng Liang , Sun Dong Ru , Ye Xiao Jie , Ye Yun Yue , Jin Yong
Published: September 2013

Traditional space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm included complex calculations like triangle functions and square root, which increased execution time of the program. A novel SVPWM algorithm calculating modulation functions of three phases through stationary αβ components of reference voltage vectors was proposed here to solve the problem, which was composed of only simple four arithmeticoperations. The method simplified traditional SVPWM and improved real-time performance of digital control system. However, dead-time effect still existed in novel SVPWM algorithm. And it will lead to distortions of low speed direct-drive PMSM phase currents, brought increase of speed fluctuation, resulted in unstable operating of servo system. This paper analyzed details of error voltage vectors led by dead-time effect, researched relationship between error voltage vectors and polarities of three phase currents, and put forward a novel dead-time compensation strategy that decreased influence of zero current clamping. Simulation results showed that this strategy can effectively compensate effects of dead-time error voltage vector and improve wave forms of phase currents, which increased operating performance of low speed direct-drive PMSM.
An Exact Analytical Solution of Halbach Arrays Permanent-Magnet Motor for Magnetic Field on Load
Authors: Li Chen , Zhang Hang , Jing Li Bing , Zhang Yue Jin , Li Jie Bao
Published: September 2013

An exact analytical model of Halbach arrays permanent-magnet (PM) motor is established for the calculation of air-gap magnetic field on load in this paper. The exact analytical method is based on the resolution of Laplaces or Poissons equations by applying the boundary conditions on the interface between each sub-domain: air-gap, Halbach arrays and slots. The waveforms of no-load magnetic field flux density, back electromotive force (EMF), armature reaction field flux density, air-gap magnetic field flux density on load and electromagnetic torque, which computed by the analytical method were validated through the finite-element method (FEM).
Output Voltage Control of Movable Contactless Power Transfer for Linear Induction Motor
Authors: Cai Hua , Shi Li Ming , Zhang Zhi Hua , Li Yao Hua
Published: September 2013

Linear motors have been widely used in industry and transportation applications. Conventionally, linear motors are supplied by the long power cables or sliding contacts. Insufferable defects of these supply methods are friction, sparks, risk of electric shock, inflexible, and high maintenance cost. Movable contactless power transfer (MCPT) system is an alternative proposal for supply of linear motors. MPCT is based on Amperes and Faradays Laws, uses an alternating magnetic field to deliver electrical power across air to load without physical contact [.
Punching Machine Driver Research Based on Pulse Electromagnetic Force Actuator
Authors: Rao Jun
Published: September 2013

Punch variety of drives, hydraulic, motor type is also commonly used. Conventional press drives both in terms of simplicity of the structure also in terms of effectiveness of control are present many problems. As is a background on the background of press drive innovative design, research on pulsed electric-magnetic field driven punch. Thanks to electro-magnetic direct drive, the system structure is simple, convenient control flexible, changing the timing and amplitude of excitation pulse, can change the speed and direction of movement of permanent magnet ring and have the output force of significant features. From the design on the effect of pulse electromagnetic drive punch, its index relative to the mechanical structure has improved, such as stamping frequencies up to 300 times/min, noise less than 80dB, volume reduction of cent, reduce the weight of 60%. This structure can greatly improve the working speed of the punch, while simplifying punch drive mechanical structure.
Levy Flight Algorithm for Optimization Problems - A Literature Review
Authors: Kamaruzaman Anis Farhan , Zain Azlan Mohd , Yusuf Suhaila Mohamed , Udin Amirmudin
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a literature review on applications of Levy flight. Nowadays, Levy flight laws has been used for a broad class of processes such as in physical, chemical, biological, statistical and also in financial. From the review, Levy flight technique has been applied mostly in physics area where the researchers use Levy flight technique to solve and optimize the problem regarding diffusive, scaling and transmission. This paper also reviews the latest researches using modified Levy flight technique such as truncated, smoothly truncated and gradually truncated Levy Flight for optimization. Finally, future trends of Levy flight are discussed.
Production of Recombinant Melittin by Auto-Induction in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhu Wen He , Zhang Wei , Li Yan , Xu Jun Jie , Lv Shi Jie
Published: September 2013

Melittin is a novel peptide of biological activity isolated from bee venom. It has potential application value in medicine and agriculture. Here we encoded melittin gene with the EK recognition sequence in the N-terminus into expression vector pGEX-2T.The expressed fusion protein, which is about 29KDa, identified by Western Blot. To facilitate large-scale production of recombinant GST-fusion protein, we optimized different expression conditions to increase the overall production of the fusion protein. The production of the protein had increased about 10-fold when we used an auto-inducing medium. The GST fusion protein showed an equivalent activity with the natural melittin after digested by EK and can inhibited the proliferations of several human cancer lines. The expression system described in this study provides a feasible way for producing melittin in further studies.
Effect of Sulfur Dioxide Treatment on Storage Quality and SO2 Residue of Victoria Grape
Authors: Lu Shu Lai , Yang Xiang Zheng , Li Xi Hong , Shen Ling Min , Ma Hong Yuan
Published: September 2013

Taking Victoria Grape as material, studied on the effect of 1000, 500 and 100 μL/L SO2 fumigation treatments on postharvest quality and SO2 residue of fruit stored under 0 °C. The results indicated that after 60 days of storage, all treatment could decrease the decay rate, inhibited the decrease of soluble solids content. The 500 μL/L SO2 fumigation treatment showed an ability to inhibit increasing of MDA content and PPO activity. The SO2 residue in grape pulp treated by 500 μL/L and 100 μL/L of SO2 were 8.31 mg/kg and 6.52 mg/kg respectively which under the FDA safety standard (10 mg/kg) after 60 days storage, while the SO2 residue in 1000 μL/L SO2 fumigation treatment samples was 23.17 mg/kg which beyond the FDA safety standard.
A Variable-Diameter Intestinal Capsule Robot Based on X Bars
Authors: Zhang Xue Wen , Zhang Yong Shun
Published: September 2013

An intestinal capsule robot driven by non-contact rotating magnetic field with radial clearance compensation function was proposed. This robot was composed of four copper tiles linked together with robot body by X bars. When the robot rotated in the intestine, X bars of four copper tiles were extended synchronously by centrifugal forces to reduce radial clearance compensation of this robot. This radial clearance was existed between the surface of the capsule robot and the intestine inner wall. Experiments had demonstrated that the swimming speed of the capsule robot were significantly improved by effective reducing the dynamic pressure membrane thickness.
Kinetic Study of the Dehydrogenation of Isobutane over V-K-O /ZSM5 Catalyst
Authors: Wu Teng Teng , Wang Cheng Xue
Published: September 2013

The reaction kinetics of the dehydrogenation of isobutane over V-K-O /ZSM5 catalyst was investigated. The powerfunction model was established;The isobutane dehydrogenation reaction tests were carried out between 833-863K and reaction pressure to atmospheric pressure by changing the contact time(w/F=0.464-0.532gh/mol) ,through the experimental data the kinetics of model parameters were analyzed.The results show that the power-function kinetic model is reasonable,the apparent activation energy is 177.7492KJ/mol.
Injection Moulding Simulation Analysis of Handle Shell
Authors: Li Wei
Published: September 2013

This thesis first made an introduction to the functional and technical requirements of this product, and then determined its moulding process. After that, the injection moulding process parameters of the selected injection moulding machine were set, besides, it applied Moldflow software to make simulation analysis to multiple schemes of injection moulding process, and finally, the best mold structure was determined according to the final analysis result.
Simulation Research on the Performance of Vehicle Suspension System
Authors: Zhou Li Hong
Published: September 2013

Simulation study of the quarter car model was carried out in this paper. The influence of the stiffness of the suspension spring and the damping on the performance of vehicle suspension system was analyzed by the evaluation indexes: transfer function of body acceleration, transfer function of suspension dynamic stroke, transfer function of tire dynamic deflection. The simulation results shown that increasing the stiffness of the suspension spring would reduce the vehicle's ride comfort and increase the value of the first natural frequency of the sprung mass. And increasing the damping would reduce the peak response of the body acceleration which increasing the vehicle's ride comfort, but at the cost of increasing the high frequency vibration.
Chaos Synchronization in Semiconductor Lasers
Authors: Ke Qiang
Published: September 2013

A chaos communication system in semiconductor lasers is proposed. Based on the idea of drive-response synchronization, taking the one-way coupled external cavity semiconductor laser with feedback system as an example, we discuss the principle, numerical simulation of chaotic synchronization and analyze the laser parameter mismatch on the synchronization performance.
Clustering Algorithm Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Yang Jin Hui , Cao Xi
Published: September 2013

K-means algorithm is a traditional cluster analysis method, has the characteristics of simple ideas and algorithms, and thus become one of the commonly used methods of cluster analysis. However, the K-means algorithm classification results are too dependent on the choice of the initial cluster centers for some initial value, the algorithm may converge in general suboptimal solutions. Analysis of the K-means algorithm and particle swarm optimization based on a clustering algorithm based on improved particle swarm algorithm. The algorithm local search ability of the K-means algorithm and the global search ability of particle swarm optimization, local search ability to improve the K-means algorithm to accelerate the convergence speed effectively prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon of precocious puberty. The experiments show that the clustering algorithm has better convergence effect.
Teaching Resources Library Design and Implementation of Engineering Chemistry Based on B/S
Authors: Lu Sen Lin , Wu Li Hua , Lu Shi Yun
Published: September 2013

With the continuous improvement of society and science technology, information technique and network technology obtains great development and widely applied in various fields. The teaching resource library has been one of the most important parts of education networking and informationization development. This article will under the B/S mode architecture to design the teaching resources library of engineering chemistry through resource library and other advanced information technologies. Moreover, this article will operate the digital processing and classification for the current mass and excellent teaching resources. The above details can help us to realize the maximum sharing and usage of the teaching resources library then achieves service functions such as communication between teachers and students.
Molecular Orbitals and the Wave Equation
Authors: Xu Cai Xia , Huang Zhi Ping , Fan Qi Ping , Zhang Wen Yu , Wu Hong Yi , Zhou Lei
Published: September 2013

A molecular orbital is the wave function for the electron, and it extends over the entire molecule. When considering the possible reactions of a molecule, molecular orbitals are required to be known. This paper gives insight into the nature of molecular orbitals and nodal plane, also explain why certain atomic orbitals “missing” in molecular orbitals.
Study on Mechanism of Regional Economy Integrated Development in Central Plains Economic Zone
Authors: Li Jian She , Song Qian
Published: September 2013

Central plains economic zone is the significant strategic concept to reduce the economic gap with eastern region, and realize the rise of central China. Based on members positioned, economic integrated development mechanism of the central plains economic zone is the vital drivers of optimizing the resources configuration, accelerating industrial structure adjustment and realizing the coordinated development of the area. From the division mechanism, cooperative mechanism and cluster mechanism, the article analyses the necessity of operating mechanism by the game model, and puts forward some proposal for the economy integrated development mechanism on government, industry and society.
A Review on Engineering Application of FRP Material: Case Study and Practice
Authors: Ma Ming Lei , Wang Gui Ling , Miao Dong Mei , Xian Gui Jun
Published: September 2013

t is a familiar truth for engineers in the 21st century that FRP (Fiber reinforced polymer) is getting widely used in civil engineering. FRP is light-weight and high strength, so most of the tensile structure and bending structure can be substituted with FRP. Though the application is becoming wider and wider for FRP products, the durability is still in concern for the engineering properties in the future. This article proposed a review of the GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) concrete, and a brief introduction of the application in the right now China construction Projects.
Influence of Heat Treatment on the Microstructures and Properties of Mg-12Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Zr Alloy
Authors: Feng Jian , Huang Jin Liang , Jia Yu Xin
Published: September 2013

A new kind of Mg-12Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Zr alloys was prepared in vacuum conditions with the protection of argon atmosphere. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-12Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Zr alloy were studied by optical microscopy, SEM, XRD and tensile test. The results show that the highest tensile strength of the alloy reaches 142MPa after aging treatment at 373K for 2h, and the best elongation of the alloy reaches 54% after solid solution and aging treatment at 673K for 2h + 373K for 2h. The X-ray analysis of the investigated alloy shows that the phase structure of the investigated alloy is β-Li, Mg2Gd and Mg24Y5.
One Based Magnetic Oxygen Carrier Solid Fuel Chemical Looping Combustion System Simulation
Authors: Li Wen Yan , Gao Ming Zhong
Published: September 2013

In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the magnetic device for the separation of Fe-base oxygen carrier in chemical-looping combustion system. The simulation was based on the Euler multiphase flow model and the k-ε turbulence model, which uses UDF programming to increase volume source phase. Here, commercial computational fluid dynamics software fluent platform was used to build the air reactor cold flow mathematical model, magnetic field under the conditions of different flow conditions were added for separating the Fe3O4 and Fe2O3. And the simulation results has an important understanding of the process of scientific significance, and will promote the fundamental understanding and applications of the Fe-base oxygen carrier.
Comparative Study on the Different Coagulants for Mine Water
Authors: Zhao Xiao Guang , Guan Yuan Yuan , He Jia Qi , Huang Zhu Gui
Published: September 2013

This article of mine water as the research object, using different coagulants (PAC, FC, AC) and coagulation tests of the mine water, to determine the removal of turbidity and organic matter most good coagulant PAC. Determine the optimal dosage of 16 mg / l, the mine water effluent turbidity removal efficiency of more than 90%, chemical oxygen demand CODCr removal rate reached more than 60%.
Use of Alternative Fuels at Selected Types of Vehicles
Authors: Záležák Zoltán , Bernát Rastislav , Kecskés Norbert
Published: September 2013

Every car needs for operation, if possible, the highest quality fuel. Fossil fuels produced from crude oil by conventional technology are being increasingly replaced by alternative fuels. It is caused by new technologies that allow combustion of such fuels and, at the same time, provide economically more efficient operation of cars. From the perspective of ecology, they are also of great importance when it comes to meeting the strict emission standards of the European Union. The experiment compares two types of alternative propulsion with LPG and CNG at selected makes of Fiat cars with 1.4 litre engines. These engines can also utilize conventional fuels – petrol and are mass-produced directly from the factory. The measurements themselves were carried out during predetermined driving cycles such as urban, extra-urban and highway. All the three categories of measurements were carried out under normal driving conditions in a standard manner in compliance with all traffic regulations. Based on all measurements obtained from both engines with LPG and CNG propulsion, we found that the car with the LPG engine became economically more advantageous. The benefit was found in expenses return with this system as well as in measured consumption, prices and availability of filling stations.
High Sensitive Nanocrystal Titanium Nitride EG-FET pH Sensor
Authors: Rayanasukha Yossawat , Porntheeraphat Supanit , Bunjongpru Win , Khemasiri Narathon , Pankiew Apirak , Jeamsaksiri Wutthinan , Srisuwan Awirut , Chaisriratanakul Woraphan , Hruanun Charndet , Poyai Amporn , Nukeaw Jiti
Published: September 2013

Solid state pH-sensor device with high efficiency has successfully prepared by using TiN thin film as sensing membrane of extended gate field effect transistor (EG-FET) device. This research has described the physical properties and sensing characteristics of TiN membrane thin film which deposited on SiO2/Si substrate through reactive D.C. magnetron sputtering system. Thenanocrytal-TiNwith anatasestructure depended on substrate heating conditions was revealed from glancing angle x-ray diffraction. The IDS-VGS measurement in the standard buffer solutions showed that the sensitivity of fabricated TiN-EGFET pH deviceis 59.82mV/pH.
Kinetics of Glyphosate Adsorption on Composite Resin from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kong Zhen Zhen , Jia Dong Mei , Cui Su Wen
Published: September 2013

The composite weakly basic resin (D301Fe) was prepared and examined using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption kinetics of glyphosate from aqueous solution onto composite weakly basic resin (D301Fe) were investigated under different conditions. The experimental data was analyzed using various adsorption kinetic models like pseudo-first order, the pseudo-second order, the Elovich and the parabolic diffusion models to determine the best-fit equation for the adsorption of glyphosate onto D301Fe. The results show that the pseudo-second order equation fitted the experimental data well and its adsorption was chemisorption-controlled.
Examination and Repair on the Tube-Tube Sheet Welding Deviation of Steam Generator
Authors: Guo De Peng , Qian Xiao Ming , Li Mao Lin , Zhang Wen Guang , Cai Hong Wei , Jin Gang
Published: September 2013

Tube-Tube sheet welding area of Steam Generator is one of the most fallibility positions in the first loop of Nuclear Power Plant. To make sure the Secondary side hydro-test of on site of Steam Generator is successful at the first round, the relative parties organize to check the 8948 Tube-Tube sheet sealing welding area before the test. Through the introduction of the Checking progress, for example, Defect confirming, Defect location, Defect dealing, Defect repair and other progress, the basic reason of deviation has been analyzed. And also, some discussions and concerns were given which will very useful as an experience feedback.
Production of SO2 and Lime from Phosphogypsum Reduced with Lignite in a Nitrogen Atmosphere
Authors: Zheng Shao Cong , Cheng Fei Xiang , Wang Zhi Juan
Published: September 2013

In this study, using lignite as a reducer, the reaction characteristic of the reduction decomposition of phosphogypsum to SO2 and lime was investigated in a nitrogen atmosphere at different conditions. Scanning electron microscopy and XRD-ray diffraction were used to analyze the solid production. The gas production of SO2 was analyzed by the Gas Analyzers. The experiment results showed that the optimal conditions for production of SO2 are founded to be a molar proportion of C:CaSO4=0.8:1 and a decomposition temperature of over 1000°C.Under these conditions the maximum concentration of SO2 reached to 8.23% (vol. %). The CaO content of solid production increased to 62.57%. The desulfurization rate of phosphogypsum reached to 95.16%.
Phase Change Materials as a Modifier of Ageing Cement Concrete in Hot and Dry Climate
Authors: Hsino Mahmoud , Pasławski Jerzy
Published: September 2013

This paper is devoted to the use of Phase Change Materials as a cement concrete modifier in Middle East climate. Due to large amplitude of daily air temperature in these conditions, Phase Change Materials can be used to reduce the dynamic of thermal peak in an ageing concrete. Partial results of studies to determine the influence of various factors on the effects of modifications are presented
A Newly Developed Self-Contained Inclinometer for Offshore Platform Anchor Monitoring
Authors: Tang Da , Deng Ming Lin , He Feng , Yue Qian Jin
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the research and development of a special self-contained Inclinometer based on the requirement of offshore platform monitoring. The device records the anchors inclination completely and accurately, providing information for stress analysis of the anchor chain. Laboratory calibration, platform movement simulation experiment, and real platform testing confirmed the instrument can meet the measurement requirements. The instrument is high-precision, energy-economical, mass-storage and user-friendly. Its able to work underwater continuously for up to one year. In addition, the small size minimizes the interference caused by the carriers motion. Compared with its foreign counterparts, the new instrument is inexpensive, so its suitable for extensive multi-point measurement. Now it has been installed in LH11-1 platform in the South China Sea for measurement of anchor chain inclination. Its the first time to employ measuring device with autonomous right in offshore platform monitoring in China.
The Design and Implementation of Virtual Simulation Experiment Platform
Authors: Li Dong Dong , Cai An He , Xian Chun Hai , Xu Jiang Cai
Published: September 2013

The application of virtual simulation experiment platform has changed the traditional teaching method fundamentally, reduce the cost of laboratory construction and management, which has important reference value to realize the remote experiment teaching. Through this experiment, students' interest in knowledge is cultivated and innovation ability is enhanced. The virtual simulation experiment platform consists of hardware and software function modules, which are both designed in this thesis.There are five experiments available for choose as following: virtual oscillograph, spectrum analysis, formula-wave generator, temperature measurement with K-thermocouple, Fourier transform comparison.
The Realization of a Highly Modulized Open-Ended Distribution System Comprehensive Planning Platform Compatible with CIM Model
Authors: Ma Kang , Liu Jun , Liu Hai Tao , Wei Tao , Su Jian
Published: September 2013

This paper introduces key features and the structure of a distribution network comprehensive planning platform as well as the functions and algorithms of core modules. The platform has a number of features, some of which are innovation points: 1) it provides a unified data interface compatible with IEC61968-based CIM model; 2) it adopts an effective algorithm that diagnoses and corrects input data of a relatively poor quality; 3) It converts CIM-based data into data based on calculation models, so that the calculation modules can analyze them. 4) Its reliability analysis module uses an algorithm based on zones. 5) The highly modulized platform has the provision for cloud computation in future. Furthermore, this paper has defined a number of reliability indices based on zones and feeders. The application of the platform in Tianjin urban network has desmonstrated its effectiveness: it successfully corrected data errors with no need for human intervention and yielded satisfactory results.
A Chance-Constrained Programming Model for the Optimal Stopping Decision of Power R&D Project
Authors: Yi Chang Sheng , Guan Xue Bin , Gao Jian Bing
Published: September 2013

A power R&D process can be regarded as a jump process of scientific knowledge full of exploration and complexity. Every jump represents a scientific breakthrough or a new discovery in this setting. In this paper, the inter-arrival times are treated as random variables observe arbitrary distributions. The ɑ-optimistic net return of project performance is proposed and a chance-constrained programming model is established to model the power R&D optimal stopping decision problem. Considering the complexity of the model, the stochastic simulation is designed to estimate the values of project return performance and the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm is employed to solve the proposed model. Finally, the effectiveness of the hybrid algorithm and the applicability of the model are illustrated by numerical examples.
Economic Analysis of Solar Trough, Tower and Dish Power Plants
Authors: Hu Yong Sheng , Yan Qin , Yang Yong Ping
Published: September 2013

Solar thermal power system can be classified to three typical kinds, parabolic trough, tower and dish system. Trough and tower systems have been commercial operated in last few years. Solar dish power plant is also in demonstrational phase. But how to choose a fit technology road is also a different challenge. In the paper, three solar thermal power plants are analyzed, located in same location in Gansu province. Three power plants electricity loads and total investments in same capacity and collector area are calculated to analyze the economic characters by Levelised Electricity Cost (LEC) method. Finally, three power plants LEC distributions are also analyzed in the conditions of different loan interests and life span. The results indicate that the minimum LEC is tower in current market conditions. The research results can be used to support technology choice, and design optimization in specific climate condition.
How Welfare Variables Influence Energy Consumption? - Evidence from Ecuador and Mexico
Authors: Sanchez-Loor Daniel A. , Chang Chi Ya
Published: September 2013

Energy consumption (EC) can be seen as a two-edged sword. It can be not only essential for sustaining good standards of living but also in hindering environmental protection. Consequently, what is the causal relationship between welfare variables and energy consumption in different economies has become one of the focal issues for both policy makers and researchers. The aim of this study attempts to investigate the causal relationship between economic growth (EG), foreign direct investment (FDI), remittances (RMTs), human development index (HDI), and EC using annual data from 1981 to 2011 through multivariate Granger causality tests for Ecuador and Mexico. The empirical analysis indicates that for Ecuador, in the long run, there are unidirectional causalities flowing from FDI, HDI, and RMTs to EC. For Mexico, there is no evidence of any welfare variable flowing to EC but there are unidirectional causalities running from EC to RMTs, HDI to FDI, and FDI to GDP all in the long run. With this information, we suggest policy makers of these two countries, especially for Ecuador, to strongly advocate energy-saving concepts to the public and actively implement more infrastructure projects related to health and education, provide incentives for international advanced green technology transformation, and liberalize international remittances.
Simulation Experiment for Gas Pipeline Leakage Detection
Authors: Han Ke Shun , Yu Jian Jun
Published: September 2013

Because of the complex process of pipeline operation, there is not an authoritative and reliable way to detect the gas pipeline leakage. Simulation for the southern half ring of Tianjin high-pressure gas pipeline network which depends on the real-time data collected by the SCADA system can provide a reference to detecting and locating the leakage by the method of pressure gradient. It is a very useful way to ensure safe operation of the pipeline network daily.
Problems and Countermeasures in the Popularization of China's New Energy Vehicles Market
Authors: Yang Chun Li , Li Qiong , Zhao Ying
Published: September 2013

New energy vehicles industry is the direction of the global auto industry transformation and upgrading, and it is also a strategic choice to deal with the oil shortage in China. But now it is appeared that the promotion of new energy vehicles is in a bind. The author makes a thorough research on the problems in the process of promoting the new energy vehicles in China and the problem is mainly reflected in three aspects: high cost, lagging infrastructure and low security, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the basis of the local government, auto manufacturers and consumers.
Air Flow Simulation in High-Pressure Fan with Splitter Blade
Authors: Wang Xiao Lin , Yang Ding Hua , Yang Gen Sheng , Li Zhong , Li Jian Feng , Zhang Da Long , Lv Jun Fu
Published: September 2013

In the process of fans design, splitter blades could be adopted in the middle of rotator to improve the performance of fan. In order to understand the flow pattern in the high-pressure centrifugal blower of 9-26type with splitter blade thoroughly, computational fluid dynamics Fluent is applied and the three dimensional air flows in the fan is numerically simulated and analyzed. The calculating results showed that under the same condition, the flux of the fan was improved 5%approximately and the mean total pressure at outlet of the fan was improved 10% because of the splitter blade, the length of the splitter blade affected the flux either. Standard turbulent model and unstructured grids are applied in computation. The results of calculation can good helpful for people to improve the performance of the fan.
Study on Heat Transfer and Resistance Characteristics of H-Type Finned Tube
Authors: Wang Zhang Jun , Zeng Zhuo Xiong , Xu Yi Hua
Published: September 2013

Three-dimensional numerical study is performed for heat transfer and resistance characteristics as well as comprehensive performance of two kinds H-type (single and double) finned tube. It is found that the heat transfer and resistance characteristics as well as comprehensive performance of H-type finned tube are influenced by the Reynolds number of gas. With the growth of Reynolds number, the air-side Nusselt number rises gradually and the heat transfer performance gets better and better, whereas the air-side Euler number drops step by step until close to a fixed value. The comprehensive performances of both single H-type finned tube and double ones are weaken progressively. When Reynolds number value is same, the convective heat transfer, pressure drop, air-side Nusselt number and Euler number of single H-type finned tube are bigger than those of double ones. The single H-type finned tube expression is much better than double ones in comprehensive performance and heat transfer.
Design and Development of Refueling Training Simulation System for Multi-Types Aeroplane
Authors: Zhu Tong Tong , Xu Gang , Ma Ming Cong , Liu Xing Ye
Published: September 2013

It is very significant for exploring the oil support problems of multi-types aeroplane and enhancing the logistics support capability for an aerodrome by developing the refueling training simulation system. According to the practical requirements of oil support, the design scheme of a simulation training system was proposed and built the system models of requirements and overall hierarchical structure. The key technologies of the virtual reality in system , such as building virtual scene models, optimization of 3D modeling and its animation were discussed in details. And finally, the hardware configurations was given. The initial application shows that the system provides an effective means for the training and study about oil Support of multi-types aeroplane.
Characteristics of Mixed Fermentation by Alternanthera Philoxeroides and Corn Stalk for Biogas Production
Authors: Huang Hui , Deng Yuan Fang , Cheng Zhi Peng , Xu Ning , Xu Ji Ming
Published: September 2013

In order to alleviate the shortage of raw materials in rural household biogas production and promote utilization of the formidable alien invasive species-alternanthera philoxeroides, mixed fermentation by alternanthera philoxeroides and corn stalk was designed and the performance was investigated in separated and different dry matter ratios (18.33, 6.25 and 3.46) treatments, by batch model at (35±1)°C.Results indicated that, the best biogas production appeared in the treatment of dry matter ratio of 6.25 when total solid (TS) loading of raw material was 8% and inoculating amount of biogas slurry was 20%, with TS and volatile solid (VS) biogas yields, and methane content of 325.74±5.11 mL/g, 456.06±4.87 mL/g and 60.56±1.23 %, respectively. Highly significant positive correlations (p˂0.01) were found between degradation rate of VS and four indexes such as average daily biogas yield, TS biogas yield, VS biogas yield and rate of change of total organic carbon (TOC) of fermentation liquid, while positive correlation between degradation rate of VS and methane content, and negative correlation between it and rate of change of volatile fatty acid (VFA), were not significant (p>0.05). Mixed fermentation by alternanthera philoxeroides and corn stalk could improve biogas production and achieve the gas peak in advance, therefore it had good feasibility.
Identification of the Maximum Wind Penetration Level during Over-Frequency Disturbances
Authors: Zhang Yong Gang , Sun Ming Yang , Xu Xian Feng , Zhuang Wei Jin
Published: September 2013

Todays power system is integrating increasingly variable and uncertain generation resources, especially wind power. As much of wind generators in the market contribute little or none to system inertia, power system is operated much closer to its dynamic security margin. To identify the maximum wind penetration of a power system following a pre-defined disturbance, the impact of increased wind penetration on post-disturbance stability is studied. In this paper, the disturbance is simulated by a short circuit that leads to the sudden disconnection of a large amount of load demand. When wind power covers a small portion of system demand, the post-disturbance frequency is not much affected by grid-connected wind generators. But when wind penetration is increased to a comparative high level, power system loses stability in the form of undamped frequency oscillation. Simulation results show that, in the occurrence of system disturbances, 60% feed-in wind penetration will make the power system loses stability. Anyway, taking into consideration of simulation accuracy, severity of disturbances and diversity of power systems, 60% must not be a precise result, it could just be used as a reference when analyzing other grids.
Study on Stator-Voltage Decoupling Control Strategy for DFIG-Based Wind Power Turbines
Authors: Yang Shu Ying , Chen Liu Wei , Sun Deng Yue
Published: September 2013

The performance of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines supplying local isolated load is manly up to the stator-voltage control strategy. Compared with conventional steady mathematic model based one, a dynamic mathematic model based stator-voltage decoupling control strategy was proposed in the paper, by which the accuracy of stator voltage was improved greatly. In this paper, the dynamic mathematic model of stator voltage and then the proposed stator-voltage decoupling control were deduced, based on which the corresponding decoupling control strategy was designed and analyzed. At last, the stator-voltage decoupling control strategy for DFIG based wind turbine supplying local isolated load was achieved. To validate the design and analysis, the simulation model was built in the Matlab/Simulink environment, and some important results were reported in the paper.