bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tolerance of the Merlo variety population to low temperatures in controlled conditions
Authors: Vujovic Dragan , Maletic Radojka
Published: October 2010

Tests were carried out on the influence of low temperatures during winter dormancy on per cent of central and lateral buds freezing in Merlot Standard and its varieties. The method applied was in vitro artificial freezing of cuttings of one-year-old shoots in cold storage. Three low temperatures were applied: -15?C, -20?C and -25?C. Tests were performed simultaneously in all varieties three times during winter on December 25, January 25 and February 25 in 1998, 1999 and 2000. The results indicate statistically significant differences between studied varieties and low temperatures applied. Damage of central and lateral buds was significantly lower at -20?C than at -25?C. .
Yield and quality of white wine cultivars Rhine Riesling B-21, Riesling Italian and Zupljanka in the vine district of Rasina
Authors: Cirkovic Bratislav , Garic Mladjan
Published: October 2010

A comparative study of different pruning ways and bud load, as well as their influence on growth, yield and quality of Rhine Riesling B-21, Riesling Italian, and Zupljanka vine cultivars in the conditions of the Rasina vine district, during the period 2000 - 2001, is given in this paper. This research results have shown that grape yield and quality varied, and the greatest grape yield was observed in the variant with the greatest bud load. The Rhine Riesling B-21 demonstrated the best results. It should be pointed out that bud load per vine had a much greater influence on the studied traits than the applied way of pruning. .
Air temperature trends in the Nis-South Morava vinegrowing area and recommended grapevine cultivars
Authors: Petrovic Nevena , Tosic Ivana , Sivcev Branislava , Cirovic Nevena
Published: October 2010

Climatic changes in the last two decades on global level are presenting the fact that the planet Earth is getting warmed up. Significant temperature increasing on global level has consequences in air temperature changing on even smaller proportion. The aim of this paper is to analyze trends in air temperature, as a very important meteorological element for successful grapevine growing. Trend analysis was done based on data collected throughout the Nis-South Morava region, which was by last viticulture regional division of Serbia in 1976, separated into six sub-regions. In each sub-region, data from no less than one meteorological station were analyzed. Zone, which was named "Nis-South Morava" by the authors, includes parts of south and south-east Serbia. According to the last viticulture regional division of Serbia, 50% of area in Serbia under vineyards are situated in this Nis-South Morava region. Trend of significance on 95% level of confidence, was obtained for mean annual air temperature in all six sub-regions. Trend of mean annual air temperature during the vegetation period is significant in five vinegrowing areas. Significant trends in the whole region are increasing, which was determined by linear regression equation. Obtained equations are used to create a new list of recommended grapevine cultivars in conditions of higher mean air temperature. .
Influence of addition of Zenural 70, urea and Min-A-Zel Plus on chemical composition and quality of whole maize plant silage
Authors: Djordjevic Nenad , Grubic Goran , Adamovic Milan , Njezic Dusan , Njezic Aleksandar , Stojanovic Bojan
Published: October 2010

The influence of addition of Zenural 70, urea and Min-A-Zel Plus on chemical composition and quality of whole maize plant silage with different degree of compression was investigated in the paper. Experiment was two-factorial (2x3) with three replications, where factor A was a degree of compression (A, = 680 g/dm?; A2 = 550 g/dm?), while factor B was an additive type (Decontrol; B2=5 g/kg urea+2 g/kg Min-A-Zel Plus; B3=5 g/kg Zenural 70). Chemical analyses showed that with the addition of Zenural 70 and urea there was significant increase of pH value, total protein, mineral ammonia and soluble nitrogen content. The type of additive had no significant effect on production of lactic, acetic and butyric acid, while in silages with higher degree of compression (680 g/dm3) there was significantly more butyric acid. All silages were graded first class according to DLG and Flieg method, with the exception of lower compressed silage with added urea and Min-A-Zel Plus, which according to Flieg was second class. According to Zelter method, silages with added Zenural 70 were II and III class, while treatments with added urea and Min-A-Zel Plus were IV and V class. .
Change of juice color during raspberry processing in fruit juice and fruit juice concentrate
Authors: Vukosavljevic Predrag , Bukvic Branka , Jankovic Miodrag , Petrovic Tanja , Stevanovic Snezana
Published: October 2010

A change of anthocyanins under different conditions of enzymatic treatments, clarification and concentration was determined. A pectin preparation Klerzyme?120, manufactured by DSM, France, specific for "sour fruits" with pH below 3.2, was used for maceration and depectinization. Experiments were carried out by a laboratory hydraulic press. Raw raspberry juice was clarified either by membranes separation processes or by traditional treatments using gelatin and bentonite. For microfiltration and ultrafiltration processes, membrane cut-off should not be below 30,000 g/mol to prevent any color loss. Experiments with membrane separations processes were carried out with five different membranes. A raw depectinized raspberry juice was clarified by cross-flow microfiltration and ultrafiltration using ceramic tubular membranes and hollow fiber polymeric membranes of a molecular weight cut-off of 300, 50 and 30 kg /mol or with a mean pore size of 0.2 urn in the case of microfiltration. Fruit juice concentrations were carried out by a laboratory equipment for vacuum evaporation. Extraction yield by a laboratory hydraulic press was the same in case of single-stage maceration and two-stage maceration. However, due to a lower viscosity, it was observed that single-stage process provides raspberry juice with more color and high efficiency of extraction. It was noticed that thermal breaks of raspberry pulp provide juice containing more total anthocyanins. The clarification using gelatin and bentonite removed about 50% total anthocyanins, while a clarification by a cross-flow ultrafiltration using Carbosep M9, M8 and M7 membranes achieved the highest level of color loss. Total color loss after concentration was 70%. The best results in color protection were observed by a microfiltration through Kerasep membrane, due to its relatively large pores (0.2?m). .
Effects of application of certain types of fertilizers on anise seed yield and quality
Authors: Jevdjovic Radosav , Maletic Radojka
Published: October 2010

The results of two-year research on the effect of application of certain types of fertilizers on yield and quality of anise seed are analyzed in this paper. Application of fertilizer has significantly influenced the yield, so in both study years (2004, 2005) the highest yield was achieved in fertilization variant with Baktofil 80 I/ha. Year as a factor (in this case probably higher precipitation in 2004 by 127 mm) has significantly influenced the yield of anise seed and in all fertilization variants (even in the variant without fertilization - control) seed yield was higher in 2004. The situation in regard to the quality of seed (GE, TG) wasn't the same like with the yield, since the quality in all variants was better in the second study year (2005) when yield was lower. The best quality of seed was realized in the second investigation year in variant of fertilization, using organic fertilizer (ecological manure) 10 t/ha.
Investigations of hydrodynamic permeability ceramic membranes for microfiltration
Authors: Markovic Tijana , Vukosavljevic Predrag , Vladisavljevic Goran , Bukvic Branka
Published: October 2010

This paper introduces the results of experimental investigations on the influence of operating parameters, such as feed flow rate, temperature, pressure difference in the microfiltration through the ceramic Kerasep membrane. The results confirmed earlier work on the same laboratory device for microfiltration. and they are the main condition for determination of kinetics juice clarification. Apart from investigations on the influence of operating parameters, the influence of membrane moisture on microfiltration was observed.
Application of modern methods in Virginia species tobacco primary production and processing
Authors: Kulic Gordana
Published: October 2010

The purpose of these tests is an attempt to contribute to new technology of plantlet (Todd's Cells) in mass production for developing economical, safer and quality tobacco production. The study includes two ways of plantlet production and three varieties of Virginia Species Tobacco. The results of parallel testing of tobacco production obtained from plantlets of different origins have shown that the new way of breeding has many advantages. Todd's Cells plantlet was ready for transplantation earlier and it reached the technological maturity in the open field earlier than usual. The time necessary for leaves drying was shorter in 12 hours and so the later processings (redrying, cigarettes production) were done in a shorter time. The plants in the field were more resistant to disease agents because Todd's Cells plantlets had easier adjusted to the environmental conditions. Tobacco leaf yield from Todd's Cells was significantly higher than from the traditionally produced plantlet. Raw material quality was also better. At the end. it is important to line out that the different plantlet production methods of different varieties reacted differently to yield and raw tobacco material quality.
Effect of livestock production on the economic efficiency of irrigation systems
Authors: Gogic Petar
Published: October 2010

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of livestock production on the economic efficiency of investments in irrigation projects. The study was based on a model focused on field crop/livestock production using the data of crop yields in field crop production with or without irrigation, financial results of cattle fattening and milk production and the input and output price relationship. The influence of livestock production on the economic effects of irrigation system utilization was evaluated using the indices of economic efficiency of investments - internal rate of return, net present value and pay-back period. The data on the amount of investments required for the construction of the irrigation system, economic benefit achieved by optimizing production under both irrigated and non-irrigated conditions, with and without livestock production were used to determine these indices.
Sowing date: The factor of yield and quality of fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum L)
Authors: Maletic Radojka , Jevdjovic Radosav
Published: October 2010

Results of a two-year investigation (2005 and 2006) for the yield and quality of fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum L) obtained on the location in South Banat (around Pancevo) on marsh dark soil are presented in the paper. Fenugreek seed used in this investigation was produced in the collection of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Research "Dr Josif Pancic" in Pancevo. The effect of sowing date on yield (kg/ha) and quality of fenugreek seed (germination energy and total germination) were investigated. Sowing was carried out on seven dates, 10 days between dates of each sowing. Yield of fenugreek seed sowed on different dates differed in both years. Sowing carried out in the first two weeks in April resulted in considerably higher yield compared to sowing at the end of April and during May. The highest yield was produced in the second sowing date from April 10, then in the first (April 1) and the third sowing period (April 20). The lowest yield of fenugreek seed was recorded in sowing carried out at the end of May. Yield of fenugreek seed wasn't significantly different in study years. Earlier dates of sowing resulted in seed of better quality (better germination energy and total germination). In the second sowing date fenugreek seed obtained was of best germination energy and total germination (approx. 99%). Later sowing dates gave seed of lower quality. So, sowing carried out at the end of May resulted in seed with the lowest value of germination energy and total germination (approx. 91%).
Comparative research of certain traits of the living ability of gentian seed grown and wild from several locations
Authors: Jevdjovic Radosav , Maletic Radojka
Published: October 2010

Results of the laboratory study of the quality of gentian seed are analyzed in this paper. Seed originated from wild and grown plants from Zlatibor Mountain (approx. 1000 m above sea level) collected in the third decade of August 2006 and from wild and grown gentian plants around Ivanjica (approx. 1030 m above sea level) collected also in the third decade of August 2006, as well as from grown plants in the Tara Mountain (approx. 1000 m above sea level) collected during the same period. The effects of cooling (90 days at 40C) and moistening and cooling (90 days at 40C) on germination energy (GE) and total germination of seed (TG) were observed. The origin of the seed (if it comes from grown or wild plant) had influence on both investigated traits, and grown seed had slightly better germination energy and higher total germination compared to seed of wild plants. On the location in Tara we had no seed from wild plants so no comparison was possible. The location also demonstrated significant effect on traits of ability for living, so wild seed from Zlatibor was of higher quality than the one collected in the vicinity of Ivanjica. In regard to seed from grown gentian the highest quality was determined in seed grown in Zlatibor Mountain, than Tara, and the poorest germination traits were exhibited by seed grown around Ivanjica. The variant with moistening and cooling of seed regardless of the location and origin possessed better germination energy and total germination compared to seed that has only been cooled, and especially in regard to the control (no cooling). .
Thermal control of some post-harvest rot pathogens of Irish potato (solanum tuberosum l.)
Authors: Salami Olusola , Popoola Omololu
Published: October 2010

Thermal control effect on the incidence of some post-harvest rot pathogens of Solanum tuberosum (potato) was investigated in this study. Three cultivars of potato tuber whose local names are, Patiska, Mai Bawondoya and Nicola were used for the study. Five pathogenic fungi viz: Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium redolens, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus oryzae associated with post harvest storage rot of root-tubers, were isolated from diseased potatoes. Among the three species of potatoes used in the study, Patiska was found most resistant followed by Mai Bawondoya, while Nicola was the least resistant. Increase in substrate (i.e. soluble starch or CMC) concentration enhanced a proportional increase in mycelial growth and in the amount of extracellular enzymes produced. Some of these test pathogens were found to produce cell wall degrading enzymes (i.e. amylase and cellulase). Preferential utilization of carbohydrate sources was established in this study based on the growth of test pathogens. Growth on potato broth medium was highest followed by growth on Cocoyam and Sweet potato broth media and least on Cassava broth medium. Growth of the test pathogens on carbohydrate sources was found at variant. The use of hot water treatment at different temperatures was found to significantly reduce post-harvest fungal populations on the surface of root-tubers. The efficacy of blanching in hot water at 60?C was significantly higher than that of blanching in hot water at other temperatures. The control method adopted in this study showed that the problems of potatoes? rot disease in storage (especially by the peasant farmers) can be eradicated by thermal treatments without reducing the quality of the Irish tuber.
Some aspects of water regime management of the Donje polje soil at Surcin
Authors: Domazet Uroz , Rudic Dragan , Djurovic Nevenka
Published: October 2010

Drainage system Galovica is situated in southeast Srem. It occupies the area of about 100,000 ha, it has a dense channel network of 30-40 m/ha, 2,575 constructed facilities and 11 pump stations. The main channel - Galovica is 40 km long and it is one of the basic receiving channels of the surplus internal waters from the area of southeast Srem. In addition to its basic purpose, this channel has recently also become the receiving channel of the municipal waste water, agro-industrial and processing waste water, discharged without purification and causing significant pollution of the water in the channel. The aim of this paper is to study the water in the Galovica channel and the possibility of its purification in the aim of its multipurpose utilisation, especially from the aspect of soil water regime management in the conditions of water deficit in the soil. The study area is the locality Donje Polje - PIK " 7. juli" . The study of water quality for irrigation shows that water quality is in harmony with the prescribed standards, pursuant to the Regulation on the admissible concentrations of hazardous and harmful substances in the soil and water for irrigation and the methods of their analysis. The water of the Galovica channel was subjected to the purification by the equipment of the Army of Serbia and the testing of chemical and microbiological characteristics of purified water shows that this equipment can purify the water of the third and fourth classes and make it sanitary safe, so that it can be used as drinking water, especially in emergency situations.
Nematicidal effects of Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium extracts on Meloidogyne incognita infecting okra
Authors: Adekunle O.K. , Akinlua A.
Published: October 2010

Two separate but identical greenhouse trials were conducted to investigate the effects of extracts of leaves and roots of Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium each at 80,000 mg / kg and 40,000 mg / kg on Meloidogyne incognita on okra. Each potted nine-day old okra seedling was inoculated with 3,000 fresh eggs of M. incognita and 5ml of each of the extracts was added simultaneously around the roots of the seedling. Treatment of okra plant with L. leucocephala and G. sepium extracts resulted in reduced nematode population, reduced galling, reduced nematode reproduction rate and enhanced fruit weight. Chemical analysis revealed that G. sepium leaves contained phenolic compound and carboxylic acid, while the roots showed the presence of aromatic amide, phenolic compound and carboxylic acid. L. leucocephala leaves showed the presence of phenolic compound, aromatic amide and carboxylic acid, while the roots showed the presence of phenolic compound and carboxylic acid. The results of this study suggest that leaf and root extracts of L. leucocephala and G. sepium at the rate of 40,000 mg / kg could be useful in root knot nematode management in vegetable beds.
Dietary chocolate colors during their storage up to 1 year
Authors: Popov-Raljic Jovanka , Lalicic Jovanka
Published: October 2010

In this work color quality characteristics of the upper surfaces of commercial dietary chocolates of different manufacturers were investigated. Color was determined instrumentally, using the three stimulus colorimeter "MINOLTA" Chroma meter CR 400. Results were expressed in CIE, CIELab and H?nter systems, immediately after the production (0 - 30 days and after 90, 180, 270 and 360 days of keeping in storage at the temperature of 15?C. Whitening Index (WI) was also calculated. On the basis of the obtained results, it could be concluded that all the analyzed samples of dietary chocolates had approximately the same color characteristics qualities (lightness, nuance and color saturation), having only negligible variations, during keeping and storage at 15?C for up to 1 year.
Effect of applying different rates of slow - disintegrating fertilizer on the quality of marigold (Tagetes patula L.) and scarlet sage seedlings (Salvia splendens L.)
Authors: Vujosevic Ana , Lakic Nada , Beatovic Damir , Jelacic Slavica
Published: October 2010

The paper investigates the effect of applying different rate of slow disintegrating fertilizer Scotts (Osmocot Exact) with the formula 15:9:9:MgO+Me to the quality of seedlings of marigold and scarlet sage. The marigold and scarlet sage seedlings were grown in poly-propylene containers (speedling system) and poly-propylene pots (pot system). Slow disintegrating fertilizer rate have been applied to the seedlings in the course of their growing (0, 1, 2, 3, i 4 g/l). The obtained data show that the 4g/l substrate rate of slow disintegrating fertilizer has significant effects on the studied parameters of seedlings quality of studied species.
Salt tolerance of corn genotypes (Zea mays L.) during germination and later growth
Authors: Radic Velimir , Beatovic Damir , Mrdja Jelena
Published: October 2010

Since corn is grown in climatically diverse regions and under different production conditions, assuming that high salinity in the substrate affect corn seed performance, such conditions were simulated in this study in order to examine their effects on seedling geminability and length in several corn genotypes. The study showed that the tested seeds tolerated the stress conditions up to a certain point. The studied genotypes differed in level of resistance to the stress conditions. Salt concentrations were determined, which were capable of affecting negatively seed germinability and seedling growth.
Influence of slow disintegrating fertilizer rates on quality of gazania (Gazania rigens L.) seedlings
Authors: Vujosevic Ana , Lakic Nada , Beatovic Damir , Jelacic Slavica
Published: October 2010

The work has examined the influence of slow disintegrating fertilizer rates of Scotts (Osmocote Exact) formulation 15:9:9:MgO + Me on quality of Gazania rigens L. seedlings. The seedlings of Gazania rigens L. was produced in polystyrene containers (speedling system) and polypropylene pots (pot system). During the production of seedlings the fertilizer has been applied in rates (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4g/l). The results show that the fertilizer rate of substrata 4g/l influences the qualitative properties of Gazania rigens L. seedlings.
Effect of land use on group and fractional composition of humus in rendzina soils in Serbia
Authors: Cupac Svjetlana , Djordjevic Aleksandar , Jovanovic Ljubinko
Published: October 2010

The effect of land use on group and fractional composition of humus was examined in 13 rendzina profiles under forests, 12 profiles under grassland and 8 profiles under arable fields in different parts of Serbia where rendzinas are typically found. The difference regarding land use of rendzina soils (depending on cultural practices or absence of any, and different amounts and quality of plant residues) under forest, grassland or arable fields had a highly significant statistical effect on humus group composition and the fractional composition of humic and fulvic acids. Human activities have brought about some positive changes regarding humus composition by promoting its stable component in rendzinas under grassland and arable fields, which is not the case in forest rendzina. The conversion of forests into grasslands and arable fields did not significantly affect the type of humus in rendzina soils, which remained characteristic of that soil type.
Differences in tomato seed protein profiles obtained by SDS-PAGE analysis
Authors: Miskoska-Milevska Elizabeta , Dimitrievska Blagica , Poru Koo , Popovski Zoran
Published: October 2010

The protein profiles of tomato seeds from sub-species ( subsp. cultum Brezh., subsp. subspontaneum Brezh. and subsp. spontaneum Brezh.) were analyzed using SDS-PAGE technique. Electrophoreograms and denzitograms of total, soluble and non-soluble proteins of 31 different samples have showed quantitative and qualitative differences. Qualitative differences in electrophoregrams of total seed proteins refer to protein fragments in zone A (114 kDa, 83 kDa and 65 kDa) and protein fragment in zone C (17 kDa). Qualitative differences in electrophoregrams of soluble seed proteins refer to protein fragment in zone A (94 kDa). Qualitative differences in electrophoregrams of nonsoluble seed proteins refer to protein fragments with molecular weights of: 210 kDa, 85 kDa, 67 kDa and 26 kDa.
Recultivation of the cavity of the closed open pit Bor
Authors: Lilic Jasmina , Grujic Miroslav , Filipovic Vesna , Zikic Miodrag , Stojadinovic Sasa
Published: October 2010

Copper ore is one of the most important raw materials for industrial production. Increasing demands have been increasing its extraction generally. Shallow deposits with higher copper grade are mostly exhausted and the open pits become deeper, also the amount of overburden and the problems of its disposal are increased. In some cases large quantities of overburden can solve the problem of recultivation of degraded areas. This is the case of recultivation of degraded areas on the location of the closed open pit Bor. Here, the overburden from another open pit, Veliki Krivelj, is disposed into the cavity of the open pit Bor. In this way the overburden is disposed without further area degradation and the cavity is primarily, technically recultivated. When the filling process is finished, waste depot will have a flat top at the level K+450 [2], which is above the neighboring terrain, and the slopes height will vary. This problem was not especially considered up to date, so the experiences in this field are humble. This paper intends to be the basis for further research.
The recultivation of the RBB-Bor Cerovo-Cementacija 1 open pit waste dump
Authors: Lilic Jasmina , Filipovic Vesna , Zikic Miodrag , Stojadinovic Sasa
Published: October 2010

The development of the human society is unbreakably bonded with the development of industrial production. This increases the amount of mineral resources exploitation, thus increasing the area of degraded soil. The consequences of these processes are many and are destructive for the environment, so if nothing was done, the justification of exploitation would be questioned. Looking into the seriousness of the problem, special care is taken to recultivate the degraded soil and rehabilitate its reproductive capabilities. The basic goal of this paper is the proposal of the solution for the establishing of the conditions for long-lasting, viable vegetation covers on the degraded areas of Cerovo-Cementacija 1 open pit waste dump.
Influence of fertilization and nitrate-nitrogen position in soil profile on the sugar beet root yield and quality
Authors: Jacimovic Goran , Marinkovic Branko , Crnobarac Jovan , Bogdanovic Darinka , Kovacev Lazar , Danojevic Dario
Published: October 2010

Researches, which have lasted for two years, were carried out on long-term trial field at Rimski Sancevi, Novi Sad, Serbia. In this trial, the eight fertilization variants of N, P2O5 and K2O increased amounts were studied. Sugar beet root and tops yields were determined, as well as the elements of technological sugar beet root quality. Based on these results, percentage of sugar utilization and refined sugar yield was defined. In the spring, before applying of N fertilizer, amount of nitrate nitrogen in the soil and its influence on yield and quality was determined. The highest root yield in 2002 was produced at the variant N100 P150 K150, and in 2003 at the variant N150 P150 K150. However, in both years, referring to the variant N100 P100 K100, the differences were not statistically significant. Increasing of nitrogen amounts had negative effects on refined sugar yield. Amounts of NO3-N in the soil in spring, before sugar beet sowing, in 2002 had significant influence on root yield and refined sugar yield. In the year 2003, which was highly dry, high correlation ratio were gained between amounts of NO3-N in the soil and root quality parameters, but it wasn't significant between nitrogen amounts and root and refined sugar yield.
The role of agricultural engineers in sustainable rural development in SEE (South Eastern Europe) countries
Authors: Sindir K.O. , Martinov M. , Skaljic S. , Djevic M. , Oztekin S. , Ros V. , Mihailov N. , Kosutic S.
Published: October 2010

Rural areas, especially in developing countries, are facing with numerous social, economical, cultural and environmental problems. In the most cases there is a growing concern because only very few farmers or inhabitants are able to follow contemporary, sustainable and environment-friendly methods in farming systems. The consequences of this are numerous, such as: poverty, significant migration to urban areas and unplanned suburban settlements. This has a significant impact on the national economy, demography, and environment. The Association of Agricultural Engineering in South Eastern Europe (AESEE), recently have dealt with these significant problems of the rural communities of their region and herewith emphasized the role of agricultural engineers in overcoming the problems and providing applicable solutions for a sustainable rural development.
Accumulations of genes for durable resistance to wheat leaf rust pathogen
Authors: Boskovic Jelena , Boskovic M. , Prijic Zeljana
Published: October 2010

The individual use of single race-specific resistance genes with major phenotypic effects has rarely provided lasting resistance. However, breeding and combining or pyramiding of resistance genes into individual cultivars has had considerable success, particularly in situation where the pathogen does not reproduce sexually, as in the case of wheat leaf rust pathogen. Within international leaf rust of wheat investigations it was necessary, to create by breeding new resistant wheat lines to Puccinia recondita tritici for differentiation of pathogen population, as well as for sources of resistance in European-Mediterranean regions. In the beginning 18 donors of resistance had been selected after an extensive screening test of several International Rust Nurseries, to be crosses with recur- rent parents varieties Princ and Starke. These tests proved that in those lines were present new resistant genes. Eighth genetically different hybrids of the first back-cross had been selected and tested in the seedling stage with three international pathogen cultures (YU-13-19-1; H-13-9-1 and C2-13-Ar-3). Considerable influence of recurrent parent to the number of resistant genes in donors used was demonstrated. On the other side, it was established considerable influence of the pathogen culture to the number of resistant genes in donors used. The same crossing combinations tested with one pathogen culture results in presence of two resistance genes, but with another culture three or one resistant gene. In order to enhancement resistance and pyramiding genes in these hybrids, eight selected the most interesting lines have been crossed with only effective isogenic containing the strong genes Lr9, Lr19 and Lr24.The genetic analysis of twenty two crossing combinations have been realized by testing with three pathotypes of Puccinia recondita tritici ( Bg.s. 12/89; Is.w 8/89 and Chl.w. 14/89). On the base of different segregation ratios of all crossing combinations it was proved that no one of the resistant donors contained the strong resistant genes used. It means that our hybrid lines contained resistant genes from the donors and in addition three strong resistant genes Lr9, Lr19 and Lr24.
Tolerance of certain sugar beet varieties to diseases
Authors: Radivojevic S. , Dosenovic Irena , Filipovic V. , Rozic R.
Published: October 2010

Sugar beet varieties' micro trials were conducted at Kikinda site in 2005 and at five localities from the provincial trial network in 2006. The micro trials were set according to standard methods with 5 replications each year. Sugar beet was harvested at two periods in both years. Chemical analyses were conducted at the laboratories of the Faculty of Technology. The obtained data were processed according to the standard methods used in the Serbian sugar industry. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA procedures. The results showed that varieties with triple tolerance to diseases (Solea and Gazeta) had marked performance in the trial at Kikinda site as compared to other varieties. Variety Solea was the highest in granulated sugar yield (10.941 t/ha) while control had 6.565 t/ha in the second harvest term at Kikinda site. The lowest infestation level with Cercospora beticola was recorded for the above mentioned varieties with triple tolerance and which were scored with 1.8 and 1.3 points, respectively, in the ranking scale that ranged from 0 to 5 points. Similar results were obtained in the second year of experiment. Variety Prestige, also triple tolerant to diseases, showed the best performance in the granulated sugar yield, yielding 13.969 t/ha. This variety showed the best tolerance to Cercospora beticola, being scored with only 0.4 points on the ranking scale for infestation level. Accordingly, the triple tolerant varieties of sugar beet were among the highest in the root and granulated sugar yields with equal number of treatments against Cercospora beticola.
Grain yield of maize varieties of different maturity groups under marginal rainfall conditions
Authors: Oluwaranti A. , Fakorede M.A.B. , Badu-Apraku B.
Published: October 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the yield performance of different maturity groups of maize varieties at different planting dates under the marginal rainfall conditions of the rainforest ecology of Nigeria and identify the high yielding ones. The maize varieties were evaluated on five and three different planting dates in 2001 and 2005 late cropping seasons respectively. Seven planting dates were used in 2002 and 2006 early cropping seasons. All plantings were done at a weekly interval. Data were obtained on grain yield and yield components. Grain yield and yield components decreased as planting was delayed in the late seasons while in the early seasons they showed contrasting trend. To obtain optimum yield for the maturity classes evaluated, the varieties must be planted about the end of August or first week of September for the late season and about the middle of April in the early season. At the optimum planting date TZEE- WSRBCs and ACR 90 POOL16-DT with grain yield of 3.8 tons ha-1 and 6.4 tons ha-1 were the highest yielding varieties in 2001 and 2002 respectively. In 2005 late cropping season, TZECOMP3DT (1.7 tons/ha) was the highest yielding while in 2006 early cropping seasons, ACR 95 TZECOMP4C3 (4.37 tons/ha) was the highest yielding variety.
Effect of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus on penetration and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita in cowpea
Authors: Adekunle O.K. , Owa T.E.
Published: October 2010

greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the effects of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus on penetration and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita in cowpea and the influence of these pathogens on the yield of cowpea. The interaction of both pathogens resulted in higher population density of the nematode at harvest and correspondingly reduced grain yield in comparison to inoculation of either pathogen alone or un-inoculated control. An almost equal number of nematode juveniles penetrated roots of seedlings of nematode - susceptible Ife Brown and TVU 2657 and nematode - resistant IT81D - 975 cultivars of cowpea, but the nematode did not develop beyond second stage juvenile in the resistant cultivar. Concomitant inoculation of the nematode and the virus resulted in a shortened life cycle of the nematode in comparison to nematode alone inoculation. Interaction of both the nematode and the virus had a limited effect on the nematode resistant cultivar of cowpea.
Analysis of meat consumption based on the matrix of growth
Authors: Lakic Nada , Krivokapic Mirjana
Published: October 2010

Using the matrix of growth it is possible to examine, in a specific way, structural relations of growth in order to discover the mutual influences of activities and their linking into systems. Considering that different sorts of meat can substitute one another in nutrition, during the observation of the dynamics of the consumption of a certain sort of meat, its change should be observed as a function of a scope of the consumption of other sorts of meat in the analyzed time period. This work's subject is an analysis of trends of the consumption of different sorts of meat in Central Serbia, in the period from 1994 to 2007, via the matrix of the consumption growth.
Some characteristics of groundwater in Southeast Srem
Authors: Gregoric Enike , Djurovic Nevenka , Rudic Dragan
Published: October 2010

The area of Southeast Srem is rich in groundwater. Water regime of the first aquifer has a great significance from the standpoint of agricultural production. 32 piezometers were singled out and groundwater depth was measured aiming at the analysis of some groundwater characteristics. In the area of Southeast Srem, groundwater level fluctuates very widely, depending on the distance from water courses. Mean value of groundwater fluctuation in Southeast Srem amounts to 3.49m. In this area, groundwater moves in Southeast direction, i.e. in the direction of the main receiving streams of the region, the Sava and the Danube. The greatest risk of groundwater overflowing in Southeast Srem occurs in the central parts of the loess terrace and in low parts of the alluvial plain along the Sava, where groundwater level is at the depth of less than 1m.
Antioxidant activities of herbs, fruit and medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum extracts produced by microfiltration process
Authors: Vukosavljevic Predrag , Novakovic Miroslav , Bukvic Branka , Niksic Miomir , Stanisavljevic Ivana , Klaus Anita
Published: October 2010

This paper presents kinds of extraction and cross-flow filtration of composition of 46 healthful and aromatic herbs, 8 fruits and fungi Ganoderma lucidum. Those extracts are part of Bitter 55, which have significant antioxidant capacity. Antioxidative activities of plant extracts have been determined by DPPH test using method of Blois. Bitter 55 which was kept at the green bottle in the dark has EC50 = 141.07 ?l/ml and it was stable during 150 days. Synthetic anti-oxidants BHT (ditertbutilhydroxytoluen, EC50 = 6.2 ?gml-1), trolox (vitamin E analog soluble in water, EC50 = 6.8 ?gml-1) were used for comparison. EC50 values were calculated as concentration of the extract necessary to decrease DPPH radical concentration for 50 %. Bitter 55 contents 35% vol of alcohol (wheat origin), 88.22 g/l total extract and slice of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (1 % w/v) which was extracted 30 days before analyses. The main problem in practical applications of MF is the reduction of permeate flux with time, caused by the accumulation of feed components in the pores. During microfiltration bitter herbal liquor, the function of filtrate flux is decreased with VCR. Dependence of decreasing flux with VCR can be separated in three periods. For the first, starting period, rapid decrease of filtrate flux is characteristic. Second period is defined with much smaller decrease of the flux than in the first phase. Third period has as characteristic minor decrease of flux and can be defined as steady state. Steady state emerges after ?s = 80 min.
Contribution of small and medium sized enterprises in development of agribusiness of Serbian Republic
Authors: Popovic Blazenka
Published: October 2010

The economic development of Serbian republic is more and more connected with development of small and medium sized enterprises, which represent one of the main bases of Serbian economy. The economic potential of agriculture imposes the need of analyzing the condition in area of small and medium sized entrepreneurship which should be the carrier of future development of agribusiness. By ranging and grouping of Serbian republic municipalities (by discrimination and cluster analysis) according to level of development of small and medium sized entrepreneurship in agriculture, the clear view is got in current state of regional development of this agricultural sector as the possibilities of future development. By development of small and medium sized enterprises in agriculture it is possible to achieve strategic goals of Serbian republic agro development and for realization of these goals it is necessary to ensure the stable economic ambient, appropriate pre conditions as measures of support which will be stimulating for development of agribusiness.
Antibacterial activity of aromatic plants essential oils from Serbia against the Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Klaus Anita , Beatovic Damir , Niksic Miomir , Jelacic Slavica , Petrovic Tanja
Published: October 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of selected essential oils for the control of the growth and survival of pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19112 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, which are of significant importance in food hygiene. Essential oils extracted from Salvia officinalis L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Majorana hortensis Moench., Thymus vulgaris L., Carum carvi L., Pimpinella anisum L. and Coriandrum sativum L. were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was done by the disk diffusion method in the presence of pure essential oils and four suspensions in alcohol. The best results obtained with Thymus vulgaris and Majorana hortensis essential oils, which were acting microbicidaly on both observed strains of Listeria monocytogenes, even in the small concentration. Because some of the essential oils were highly inhibitory even in small quantities to selected pathogenic bacteria, they may provide alternatives to conventional antimicrobial additives in foods. .
Sugar and organic acids profile in the fruits of black and red currant cultivars
Authors: Milivojevic Jasminka , Maksimovic Vuk , Nikolic Mihailo
Published: October 2010

In this study, three black currant cultivars (Ben Sarek, Ben Lomond and Malling Juel) and three red currant cultivars (Industrija, Rondom and Red Versailles) were compared in terms of fruit quality by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis in order to determine sugars and organic acids profiles in their fruits. Among the analysed individual sugars, fructose was determined to be the major component in all studied cultivars. Cv Ben Lomond exhibited the highest levels of glucose (78,8 mg g-1 FW), fructose (117,6 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (10,1 mg g-1 FW) in comparison to the other tested black currant cultivars. Among investigated red currant cultivars the highest amounts of glucose (81,1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (113,1 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (14,5 mg g-1 FW) were recorded in the fruits of cv Industrija, as well as the richest content of total sugars (208,7 mg g-1 FW). The same tendency was noticed considering the organic acids content (citric and malic), that is, the highest levels were registered with the cv Industrija (0,32 mg g-1 FW and 0,13 mg g-1 FW, respectively). Black currant cv Ben Sarek displayed the highest contents of citric and malic acids (0,68 mg g-1 FW and 0,14 mg g-1 F, respectively). Generally, dominant share of total acids was exhibited by citric acid in all studied black and red currant cultivars. These results point to the fact that the chemical fruit composition of currants significantly varied among the genotypes of each species analysed. .
Canal network effects on the water balance in southeastern Srem
Authors: Gregoric Enike
Published: October 2010

This paper presents the results of research and analyses of the effects of a drainage canal network on the water balance of southeastern Srem. The paper was derived from a doctoral thesis which contains a detailed study of key components of the water balance of southeastern Srem, including actual amounts of water removed via the drainage canal network. A linear multiple regression model was used to establish an analytical relationship between the amounts of evacuated water (a dependent variable) and four key parameters (total precipitation, total potential evapotranspiration, average stage of the Sava River, and average groundwater level - independent variables). This correlation allows for the forecasting of hydrologic events based on historic measured data and provides answers to some important questions regarding water management and soil conservation practices. The efficiency of the drainage canal network is closely linked with its maintenance. The paper shows that canal maintenance is inadequate, mainly due to financial issues. In some parts of the studied area, drainage canals have become virtual open sewers. For this reason, the future development of the drainage system must be part of comprehensive and integrated water management in southeastern Srem. .
Natural isotopes 238U and 40K content in rigosol from the area of school estate good 'Radmilovac' of Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun
Authors: Vukasinovic Ivana , Todorovic Dragana , Djordjevic Aleksandar , Rajkovic Milos , Stojanovic Mirjana , Pavlovic Vladimir
Published: October 2010

Distribution of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides 238U and 40K were determined in the soil profiles from the peach-trees field on experimental farm Radmilovac, southeast Belgrade. Internal soil morphology has been changed in 1992. when soil rigosol type with deep Ap-horizon (0-80 cm) has been formed by special treatment of parent soil, chernozem type. Gamma-spectrometry method is applied in measurement of radionuclide activities in soil samples by using hyperpure coaxial gamma-ray detector, Canberra type. Investigation results has been shown that the natural activity contents obtained in the experiment are within the range of normal background activity according to UNSCEAR (2000) and that radionuclide activity decreased in the plant root zone. .
Determination of potassium iodide in table salt
Authors: Rajkovic Milos
Published: October 2010

The samples of table salt bought in Belgrade supermarkets are analysed in this paper. The method of indirect iodometry was used in the process of the analysis, and received results were converted into the content of KI in mg/kg of salt. Beside the content of KI, the content of NaCl was also determined, counted to dry meter and water content, and received results were compared with the requests determined by Regulations of Table Salt Quality Meant for Human Diet and by manufacturers' declaration. Received results show that the volumetric method of indirect iodometry, applied in this analysis, is very reliable for determination of potassium iodine in table salt, because of its high precision and reproducibility of the analysis results. All received results show that the samples of table salt which can be bought in supermarkets are according to the demands given by Regulations. Only one sample (evaporated salt) has significantly less mass of KI than it is determined by Regulations, but also by manufacturer's declaration. Measured humidity in the samples of table salt received from sea salt (sample 1) is higher than humidity in the samples received from rock salt as the result of magnesium presence in sea salt, which is hygroscopic material. Although samples 5 and 6 also originate from sea salt, their smaller humidity is the result of additional heating and salt processing. .