bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Purity Water Production Technique with Multi Power Resources
Authors: Jawad Raid Salih , Khalid Waleed , AbdulJabbar Safaa Nayyef
Published: November 2020

Secure drinkable water is decisive and fundamental in order to increase the welfare of current generations and beyond. A new design study represents, small, and portable system for production high-purified drinking water depends on several sources of electric power with nanotechnology principles by using nano-membranes. This system can purify the water from rivers, lakes and marshes wells, as well as any tap water, with the lowest level of water source, this system can work by depending on both AC, and DC power. Tests carried out on the filtered water samples showed that the well water hardness before filtering was 2783.2 mg/L and decreased to 431.2 mg/L, and the pH ratio increased slightly from 7.1-7.3 and this elevation was considered ineffective. TSS decreased from 15 to 11 mg / l, also TDS, Mg+2, and Na+2were all reduced as follows (4420-290), (414.03-21.46), (120-32) respectively, and for tap water TSS, Hardness, TDS, Mg+2, Na+2, and pH were all reduced as follows (6-4), (421-98), (430-127), (52.33-16.04), (27-6), (7 -7.1). These data where compared to the World Health Organization (WHO), which showed the efficiency of the system in obtaining water within the natural specifications necessary for human use.
Experimental Investigation of a Single Slope Solar Still Performance- Evaporation Process Enhancement
Authors: Jaafar Zahraa Abdulkareem , Hameed Hassanain Ghani , Hussein Ridha Hasan
Published: November 2020

The productivity of single-slope solar still is limit due to limited amount of solar energy absorbed, and that directly affected the evaporation process. For enhancing the evaporation in solar still, two ways are experimentally investigated. The first, a specially designed solar collecting tank is used to pre-heat raw water before it inters the basin of still. The second, two sizes of iron wicks are used to increase the area of solar absorbing element inside the still. The results show that the still productivity enhanced by 86.65 % and 72.53 % in deferent types of wicks, and about 48.83% by solar collecting tank compared with conventional solar still.
Synthesis of Nano Platinum-Tungsten Supported on Gamma-Alumina Catalyst
Authors: Jawad Karrar Ayad Mohammed , Saed Usama A. , Alwan Haider H.
Published: November 2020

Nano gamma-alumina support was prepared successfully by Sol-gel method using aluminum nitrate without and with carbon nanotubes as a template at different calcination temperatures (600, 650, and 700°C) and then loaded with 0.3% of platinum and 0.3% of tungsten by the wet- impregnation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), atomic force microscope (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and (BET) surface area were used to characterize the prepared nano catalyst. The best results obtained were 389.34 m2/gm surface area, 0.468 cm3 /gm pore volume, 8.07 nm pore size and 42.71 nm average particle size for the prepared nana gamma-alumina at a calcination temperature of 600°C.
Prediction of Pavement Condition Index for the highway road between Ba’Quba and Tuz Khurmatu of Iraq: A new model suggestion.
Authors: Khalid A M
Published: November 2020

Pavement condition index is an important indication for road performance and safety driving. Abuse of highway roads always resulted in may difficulties like improper driving, long time of trips, travelers discomfort and many other problems. Uncontrolled traffic of heavy loaded trucks together with high temperatures and absence of road maintenance will certainly cause huge damages to asphalt pavement and as a result reduced road lifetime. In this paper an attempt was made to assess the necessary parameters that used to model pavement condition index by the use of bootstrapping via the SPSS ver. 23. The estimated parameters showed a reasonably reliable predictions when compared to actual data.
Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete One-Way Ribbed Slabs Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Galeb Alaa C. , Saeed Noor K.
Published: November 2020

This paper deals with the problem of optimum design of reinforced concrete one-way ribbed using genetic algorithms. ACI-Coefficient method is used for the structural analysis and design of slabs. The cost function represents the cost of concrete, steel, and formwork for the slab. The design variables are taken as slab thickness, spacing between ribs, lower width of ribbed, upper width of ribbed, depth of rib, depth of beam, shear reinforcement spacing of ribs, bar diameter and spacing of top slab, depth of the neutral axis from bottom fiber, beam width, and areas of flexural reinforcement at moment critical section along ribs and beams. The constraints include the constraints of the joist construction constraints stated by ACI-code, constraints on the top slab thickness to satisfy fire resistance, constraints on the areas of steel reinforcement to satisfy the flexural and the minimum area requirements, the constraints on the total slab thickness to satisfy deflection, and flexural behavior. The parameters were taken in this study included: the span length(4-12)m, the compressive of concrete(25-60) MPa, the strength of steel (345-600)MPa, the live load (2-7)KN/m2, unit cost ratio(cost of concrete/cost of steel)(0.1-0.35), aspect ratio (1-2), the formwork cost(10,000-22,000)I.D. The results show that, when discussed the span length, the ratio of (total slab depth/span length) should be (1/18-1/4) using G.A, to get the optimum slab design. It is also concluded that the optimum ratio of (depth of rib/lower rib width) is to be ranged within (1.243-2.917) using G.A. The optimum (rib spacing/span length) ratio is found to be ranged from (1/40- 1/5) using G.A, the results also showed that the range of the optimum (slab thickness/spacing of rib) ratio is found to be ranged as (1/4-1/2) using G.A, in order to find the optimum solution.

A computer program is written using MATLAB for the implementation of structural analysis and the design of one-way ribbed slabs by the ACI coefficient method. The optimization process is performed using the built-in genetic algorithm toolbox of MATLAB.
Experimental study of steel-concrete composite beams with slab opening
Authors: Hassan Ali Dheyaa Mohammed , Nimnim Hayder Talib
Published: November 2020

This study investigates experimentally the effect of openings in the concrete slab of the composite beams. Composite beams consisted of concrete slab connected with steel I-beams by steel headed stud connectors is used in the study with eleven specimens. The test specimens are designed to test and failed in flexure. The test specimens are classified depending on the variable parameters into the following groups: control sample; opening ratio; ratio the short to the long dimension of opening; thickness of the concrete slab; grade of compressive strength; strengthen of opening by steel plate. The results of the study indicate that the general trend in the ultimate load is to increase with increasing thickness of the concrete slab and increasing the compressive strength of concrete. While the ultimate load decreased when increasing the opening ratio because decreasing the effective width of the concrete slab and the cracks develop when the opening was near to the applied loads. Also, the distribution of shear connectors in place of opening on both sides and present the diagonal reinforcing rebars about the opening minimize from the significant decrease for the ultimate load.
Improving the performance of air conditioning system experimentally by a new type of heat pipe heat exchanger
Authors: Al-fahham Mohamed , Eidan Adel A. , Ahmed Ahmed Qasim , AlSahlani Assaad
Published: November 2020

The air conditioning system efficiency is measured by it is coefficient of performance (COP). Higher COP means better system. However, the improving of COP is not an easy work since it linked the heat rejected by the system to power consumed by mechanical part in system, especially the compressor. In this study, a smart employing of heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) is used to reduce the power consumed by compressor through super heating the refrigerant vapor pre-enter the compressor and improve the cooling capacity. The results show that using (HPHE) improves the COP of the system by 10% compared to other conventional system.
Biodiesel production from spirulina microalgae oil
Authors: Murad Mariam Emad , Al-Dawody Mohamed F.
Published: November 2020

The present study, experimentally aimed to extract oil form spirulina microalgae then convert it to biodiesel via transesterification process. Different samples are collected from various locations. The samples are cleaned, dried and prepared for the process of oil extraction by soxhlet apparatus. The transesterification process is used to produce biodiesel fuel derived from spirulina microalgae oil, which is then used as an alternative fuel in diesel engine. The methanol along with sodium hydroxide as base catalyst used to minimize the raw oil’s FFA content. The transesterification reaction is carried out at (1:6) oil to methanol molar ratio. Then the mixture is kept inside the separating funnel for 12 hours to separate the glycerine from mixture. The produced biodiesel algae methyl ester (AME) is subjected to gas chromatograph analysis as well as FTIR analysis. All the physical properties are measured and compared with ASTM standard.
Boiling Heat Transfer in a Micro- Channel Complex Geometry
Authors: Shakir R.
Published: November 2020

"This prediction demonstrates an inclusive investigation on" single-phase and two- phase pressure drop properties and flows boiling" instabilities in micro-channels to resume the concepts in the boiling heat transfer tests". The predictions of "single-phase and two- phase heat transfers" in the aluminum micro-channel heat sink have been investigated". "Different heat fluxes and different mass fluxes have been applied "(each mass flow rate under numerous heats fluxes) in an aluminum parallel channel test piece is tested". "It was built up from a piece of aluminum," twenty-five mm wide by twenty-five mm long and ten mm high"."R113 working fluid temperature was constant (25°C) for all prediction tests; "Therefore the heat applies have been applied "in the ranges of (40-600 Watts) "The processes and iteration loops have reached for the prediction heat transfer properties "for three mass flow rates are (0.0125;0.015 and 0.0175 kg/s) "respectively;" and another heat transfer properties. "The aluminum micro-channels heat sink" with 0.5 mm channel height and 0.5 mm channel width "is heated via a wire electrical heater device". "The single-phase and two-phase flows are important parameters" for geometrical configuration of the aluminum micro-channels under variations heat applied". The purpose of this investigation is to explore the relationship between "prediction heat transfer coefficients and mini-scale heat sink geometrical configuration". Heat-transfer coefficients and pressure drops are investigated"." For sub-cooled and saturated boiling data acquired with Single-phase and boiling flows," The single-phase consequences are seen to be location-following, regular with a fully developed laminar flow. All the prediction boiling heat transfer coefficients are seen to have reasonably relied on as mass fraction and mass flux"."" Nevertheless, some are seen to have relied on heat flux whereas others are not. The convective boiling consisting is seen to have a boiling heat-transfer coefficient that is moderately relied on mass flow rate, gas mass fraction, and heat applied"." The prediction work presented here provides one of the first investigations into how to get single-phase" and two-phase properties" data via computer programming. In the end, "the single-phase and two-phase" heat transfer coefficients are reported" for square aluminum micro-channels heat sink under" boiling tests".
Improve Efficiency Solar Cells Using PID Controller
Authors: Najd Ahmed Harb , Gorel Goksu , Hammood Husam Faisal
Published: November 2020

The photovoltaic cell (PV) converts the solar radiation into electric energy and the current coming out of the photovoltaic cell is of the direct current type. The external power of the PV system depends on solar radiation (G) and cell temperature (T). The method of using photovoltaic cells (PV) is efficiently known by the method of tracking the maximum power points (MPPT) using the PID console. This paper introduces MPPT controllers and is a traditional Relative Integration derivative (PID). The work to simulation and modeling to PV cell by MATLAB program. The results show the relationship of curve IV and V-P of the PV panel, as is the case with changes in cell parameters and environmental parameters (radiation and temperature). Optimize PV results for maximum power and maximum voltage using the PID controller used. According to the results, observe the best PID control if compared with other MPPT algorithms.
Optimum Groundwater use Management Models by Genetic Algorithms in Karbala Desert, Iraq
Authors: Hassan Waqed H. , Khalaf Rasul M.
Published: November 2020

Shortage in resources of water in semi-arid region as in Iraq have become an increasing extent dangerous problem. This research objective to improve a new management simulation model for resources of groundwater by linked simulation-optimization (S/O) model. The numerical responses of the 3-D numerical model were Integrated with Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization model in order to obtain the optimal use of groundwater resources in study area of Karbala desert area in Iraq. The three-dimensional numerical simulation program is used to simulate the system of groundwater flow for Al-Dammam confined aquifer under different conditions. The development management simulation model was adopted by operating the model with considered calibrated variables for current and future periods. Results of analysis the management (S/O) models indicate that the maximum value of pumping rate is reach to (450 E05) m3/year). Also, the pumping rates of the wells within study area could be increased to three times the present water required, with a maximum fall reach to 7.21m in the static heads of groundwater of aquifer.
Design a Suitable Optimized Low Pass FIR Filter for Ultrasonic Signal
Authors: Therib Mohammed Azher , Al-Kharsan Ibrahim H. , Al-Baghdadi Ahmed Fahem
Published: November 2020

Sensors play a vital role in the human life, so it is very important to improve their output signals. One of the most known sensors is ultrasonic sensor. The mentioned sensor uses simple principle to measure a distance between it and nearest obstacle. The output of this sensor improved in this work using FIR filter. The FIR filter parameters are calculated based on Genetic Algorithm (GA). The simulated results using MATLAB show that the optimized filtered data is more suitable and effective to use in many applications.
Using Box-Behnken experimental design for optimization of gas oil desulfurization by electrochemical oxidation technique
Authors: Mohammed Israa , Alwan Hameed Hussein , Ghanim A. N.
Published: November 2020

Iraqi gas oil with sulfur content 9400 ppm was desulfurized electrochemically at constant current (300 mA), the process consists two steps; first step is electrochemical desulfurization by using electrochemical cell contains two graphite electrodes while the used electrolyte is NaCl to enhance electrolyte electrical conductivity, and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant agent, second step is extraction with acetonitrile. Optimization of process parameters was done by applying response surface methodology RSM combined with Box –Behnken experimental method, in which the sulfur removal efficiency was acted as response function while the reaction temperature, NaCl concentration and time were selected as controllable (studied) variables. The sulfur removal efficiency was ranged from 55.84 % to 88.07%. The results were analyzed with Design-Expert software by fitting with second order polynomial model and the empirical model was exhibited high correlation factor (R2=0.9966) and the estimated optimization solution stated that maximum sulfur removal efficiency is 88.611% at temperature (57.656 °C), NaCl concentration (0.106 M) and, time (51.46 min.).
Compression-based Block Truncation Coding technique to Enhance the Lifetime of the Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: M. Jawad Ghufran Ali , M. Al-Qurabat Ali Kadhum , Kadhum Idrees Ali
Published: November 2020

Minimizing the number of transmitted/received data represents a big challenge in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). Since the data sending/receiving represents the most energy consumer in the Underwater Wireless Sensor. Therefore, it is important to decrease it to save energy and improve the UWSN lifetime. This paper proposes a Compression based Block Truncation Coding (CBBTC) technique to minimize the volume of the transmitted measurements, save energy, thus improve UWSN’s lifetime while maintaining the accuracy of the measurements received at the base station. The proposed approach operates inside the sensor nodes and designed to reduce data within each sensor node by compressing it, rather than transmitting the data raw to the cluster head (CH) to conserve the sensor energy. Our suggested technique is verified through experiments on actual data of UWSN and our proposed method is compared with other current approaches to show the superiority in terms of energy- saving, increasing UWSN’s lifespan while the fidelity of data is kept.
Developed JPEG Algorithm Applied in Image Compression
Authors: Hussain Abdullah A. , AL-Khafaji Ghadah K. , Siddeq Mohammed M.
Published: November 2020

JPEG is most popular image compression and encoding, this technique is widely used in many applications (images, videos and 3D animations). Meanwhile, researchers are very interested to develop this massive technique to compress images at higher compression ratios with keeping image quality as much as possible. For this reason in this paper we introduce a developed JPEG based on fast DCT and removed most of zeros and keeps their positions in a transformed block. Additionally, arithmetic coding applied rather than Huffman coding. The results showed up, the proposed developed JPEG algorithm has better image quality than traditional JPEG techniques.
Rider Optimization Algorithm implemented on the AVR Control System using MATLAB with FOPID
Authors: Mohamadwasel N B
Published: November 2020

Considering the higher flexibility in tuning procedure and better control movement of the fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller over the traditional proportional integral derivative (PID) controller, this paper explores its application in the automatic voltage regulator system. FOPID contains five tuning boundaries when it appeared differently concerning three in the standard PID controller. The additional tuning handles in FOPID give extended control versatility and careful control action, in any case, their thought makes the tuning system progressively erratic and monotonous. Thusly, the knowledge of the Artificial Intelligent (AI) strategy called Rider Optimization Algorithm (ROA) is utilized to get a perfect mix of FOPID gains which further incited the perfect transient response and improved adequacy of the considered AVR system. To favor the introduction pervasiveness of the proposed approach its relating structure’s dynamic response is differentiated and that of the other striking AI-based philosophies researched in progressing composing. Besides, the quality examination of the proposed AVR structure is finished by evaluating its pole/zero and bode maps. Finally, the intensity of the proposed overhauled AVR system against the structure’s boundary assortment is evaluated by moving the time constants of all the four pieces of AVR: amplifier, exciter, generator, and sensor) from - 50 to +50% self-governing.
An Improvement of ECDSA Weak Randomness in Blockchain
Authors: Hussein Nisreen T. , Kashmar Ali H.
Published: November 2020

Blockchain technology has already changed industry and commercial enterprises remarkably. It is the underlying mechanism of a very well-known cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, and many other business applications. Therefore, its security draws the researchers’ attention more and more recently. One of Blockchain vulnerabilities is caused by weak randomness in ECDSA. A random number is not secure, cryptographically, which leads to a leakage in private key and even the user’s fund theft. As well the spam transaction attack may exploit the ECDSA weak randomness. This problem in security has been well known in cryptocurrencies community such as Bitcoin and fixed by applying RFC 6979 update in 2013. However, the problem is not entirely solved.

The elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) was the first successful algorithm based on elliptic curve. This algorithm security depends on complexity of elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP). This algorithm applied in blockchain mechanism as a result of its low computational cost and short key.

In this paper, we analyze the ECDSA weakness in blockchain and enhance its scheme by generating the signature with two secret keys. Using two secret keys will reduce the risk probability of revealing the secret key by knowing two messages. Therefore, the improved scheme can improve the security of the ECDSA.
Development of an Optimized Botnet Detection Framework based on Filters of Features and Machine Learning Classifiers using CICIDS2017 Dataset
Authors: Jabbar Aaya F. , Mohammed Imad J.
Published: November 2020

Botnet is a malicious activity that tries to disrupt traffic of service in a server or network and causes great harm to the network. In modern years, Botnets became one of the threads that constantly evolving. IDS (intrusion detection system) is one type of solutions used to detect anomalies of networks and played an increasing role in the computer security and information systems. It follows different events in computer to decide to occur an intrusion or not, and it used to build a strategic decision for security purposes. The current paper suggests a hybrid detection Botnet model using machine learning approach, performed and analyzed to detect Botnet attacks using CICIDS2017 dataset. The proposed model designed based on two types of filters to the botnet features; Correlation Attribute Eval and Principal Component deployed to reduce the dataset dimensions and to decrease the time complexity of the botnet detection process. The detection enhancement achieved by reducing the features of the dataset from 85 to 9. The training stage of classifiers is developed and compared based on six classifiers called (Random Forest, IBK, JRip, Multilayer Perceptron, Naive Bayes and OneR) evaluated to accomplish an optimized detection model. The performance and results of the proposed framework are validated using well-known metrics such as Accuracy (ACC), Precision (Pr), Recall (Rc) and F-Measure (F1). The consequence is that the combination of Correlation Attribute Eval (filter) with JRip (classifier) together can satisfy significant improvement in the Botnet detection process using CICIDS2017 dataset.
Feature Extraction and Classification of ECG Signal Based on The Standard Extended Wavelet Transform Technique: Cardiology Based Telemedicine
Authors: Abdulbaqi Azmi Shawkat , Al-din M. N Saif , Yusuf Panessai Ismail@Ismail
Published: November 2020

For early detection of cardiac abnormalities, an ECGs cardiac signal is relied upon due to it includes a lot of information that can be utilized for heart disease classification. The ECG signal is too sensitive to various types of noise since it is low frequency and has a small amplitude, these noises decrease the diagnostic accuracy and may outcome in a wrong decision by the clinician. Therefore, rejecting the ECG signal is a necessary condition for successful diagnosis of heart attacks. In this manuscript, the standard extended of Discrete Wavelet Transformc called Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (Dual-Tree (CWT)) method is utilized to denoise the noisy ECG signal and extract the key features followed by the implementation of the peak detection algorithm. The quality is measured based on performance metrics, and an increase in Signal to Noise Ratio ( SNR) is achieved utilizing the technique. The heart rate (HR) calculation is in line with the gold standard of the various benchmark databases utilized for the proposed procedure and precise heart failure has been calculated.
Prediction Breast Cancer as Benign or Malignant in Apache Spark Framework
Authors: Albaldawi Wafaa S. , Almuttairi Rafah M.
Published: November 2020

There are number of diseases that increase the number of deaths over the world. Breast cancer can be considered as the most common of them. Therefore, there is a need to use classification and others data mining methods to study the health datasets in order to diagnosis and make decisions. In this paper, Support Vector Classifier model, Logistic Regression algorithm, and Random Forest algorithm are conducted on the public available Wisconsin Breast Cancer dataset. The experiment is executed in a Scala environment. Moreover, in single and multi-nodes spark cluster. The results show the high accuracy in Support Vector Classifier model and the low error rate in less time consumed when compared with other studies. The authentication in spark are applied in the application by using shared secrete method.
A novel Face Recognition System based on Jetson Nano developer kit
Authors: salih Thair A. , Basman Gh. Mohammad
Published: November 2020

Real_time face recognition became more important in the last two decade, it is adopted universally for attacking crime, stopping fraud, ensuring public safety. It proves that it is one of the most reliable biometrics security systems because frames can be taken from cameras without touching or interacting, and those images recorded and spontaneously validated with existing databases. The methodology achieved in this work will deal with several challenges like real_time recognition, cheap, portable, and reliable system. NVIDIA Jetson Nano is used in this work. It is a tiny, powerful AI computer that delivers the estimated performance to run advanced AI workloads with a small size, low-power, and low-cost. The main goal of this research is to deploy a deep learning model for face recognition in Jetson Nano, with the intention of real-time performance and high accuracy. The results of this study have shown great real-time performance in face recognition using Jetson Nano, Where it was processing 8.9 FPS in comparison with the latest raspberry pi edition 2.6 FPS.
Water Quality Monitoring System Based on IOT Platform
Authors: Abbas Fadel Ahmed , Ibrahim Shujaa Mohamed
Published: November 2020

Water treatment monitoring systems are presently divided into manual and dynamic systems. Due to, the constant changes in water, either due to seasonal changes in water chemistry or due to the operative conditions of the industrial environment, the dynamic systems have to be utilized by the water manufacturers. However, water is very beneficial for life and human health, therefore to reduce the endangerment of pollution, by improving and increasing the plant operation in addition to production. This paper suggests a new technique for water factory manufacturers by adopting wireless sensor nodes. The monitor node connected with a microcontroller device using Esp32 as transmitter and receiver nodes. The node sends its statues over the wireless network utilizing a defined internet protocol (IP). The proposed system shows its effectiveness in water monitoring systems through synchronous water monitoring and simple configuration compared to traditional systems.
Using LoRa Technology to Monitor and Control Sensors in the Greenhouse
Authors: A. Salih Thair , S. Noori Mohammed
Published: November 2020

Due to the fears from the corona pandemic and its consequences from curfews, spacing, and the difficulty to reach work centers, including the greenhouse in the agricultural sector. The idea arose to use LoRa, one of the latest wireless communication technologies, which has the ability to connect and use the Internet of Things (IoT) to ensure monitoring, management, and control in any workplace. LoRa technology will serve as the backbone of our design for the wireless network system to monitor and control greenhouse sensors, the design consists of two parts: The first is to prepare a group of sensors that support the (IoT) and its mission is to measure and control inside the greenhouse and send data using LoRa technology to the next section. the second section is to monitor and control the readings data remotely, using LoRa technology to receiving first section data, and connecting it to the Internet or using the (IoT) network to provide access, monitoring, and control from anywhere in the world. the readings can have obtained after uploading it to the cloud computing, the data deal with a website which allows monitoring the sensors wherever the internet service is available, the system also gives the ability to send a feedback signal to the greenhouse. The project provides integrated greenhouse control at a distance of 2 to 15 km. and it represents as a fundamental solution to the current situation that is forced to remotely control our business to stay in homes for as long as possible to avoid corona disease.
Internet of Things Based Drivers Safety Management
Authors: Alawi Ahmad Tahseen
Published: November 2020

The vast majority of crashes are caused by the driver’s negligence about wearing seatbelts while using electronic devices while on the road where the health about drivers rests in the driver’s hands on the road. The aim of this article is to reduce the use of mobile devices while driving. This project was designed to ensure that the driver ties his seatbelts and also the mobile device is brought in silent mode before everything is determined for the drive. This can be done utilizing the Arduino controller which has been connected to the ESP8266 WiFi module, to detect the seat belt and the mobile Android service running in the back of the driver’s mobile device. Mobile mode is switched from active mode to silent mode once Wi-Fi is turned off.
Saturation Component In HSB Color Space With Image Processing Methods To Enhanced Image Segmentation
Authors: Abdullah Ahmed s.
Published: November 2020

With the scientific advances witnessed by many branches of science, one of the most important of which is medical diagnosis, there is a role for digital image processing, a primary role that helps doctors increase the accuracy of the diagnosis, where diagnosis can be made through the coloring of one of the organs in the body with a specific color, indicating that this organ suffers from a specific disease, Likewise, the increase in the size of this organ or the smallness of its size are all indications of the injury of this organ with a specific disease. Therefore, it became necessary for the medical image to be highly visible. Also, the required member was taken out of the captured image. In the process of diagnosing the disease, therefore a method was presented in this paper that helps to improve the process of cutting any part of the image with high accuracy through the use of digital image processing techniques and reliance on the saturation layer in the HSB color system.
LP
, ∞ > P ≥ 1 Simultaneous Approximation
Authors: Bhaya Eman S. , Abdoul Khaleq Ali Hasan
Published: November 2020

Many papers were introduced about the best approximation. But little introduced for simultaneous best approximation for Lp
Simultaneous approximation. Here we introduce some results for Lp
, p≥1, simultaneous approximation.
Compatibility of Center Ideals with Center Topology
Authors: Ali Abdulsada Dheargham , Al-Swidi Luay A. A.
Published: November 2020

In this section, we will explain some concepts such as (

C

-local function,

C

-closure operator,

C

-local function,

C
*

-topology and compatible of center ideal space) with clarification of relationships.
Fuzzy Topological Dimensions And Its Applications
Authors: Khalik AL-Khafaji Munir Abdul , Haider Abdulhusein Gazwan
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this paper is to present a formal definition of the computational fuzzy topology is shown which is based on the fuzzy ω-interior operator and fuzzy ω-closure operators. In spatial object modeling the fUzzy ω-interior, fUzzy ω-exterior, fuzzy ω-closure and fuzzy ω-boundary are computed based on computational fuzzy topology and we applied this studied and we determined the fuzzy ω-interior, fuzzy ω-exterior, fuzzy ω-closure and fuzzy ω-boundary of flood affected areas in Iraq and we obtained several properties.
On some class of Bernstein – type operators which represent a generalization of standard Bernstein operators
Authors: Sadiq Haneen J. , Abdul-Ghani Samaher Adnan , Wahab Abood Enas
Published: November 2020

In this paper we introduced a new family of L. P. O.

ℬ
¯

m
˙

,

r
^

which represent a generalization of Bernstein oper. for a continuous function on the interval [0,1] . Our goal is to study the approximation properties of this sequence and study the uniformly convergence of it on some continuous functions on a compact set [0,1]. We find a rate of this convergence using a modulus of continuity. Finally we establish a formula of a Voronoviskaja-type asymptotic formula on

ℬ
¯

m
˙

,

r
^

.
Construct Polynomial of Degree n by Using Repeated Linear Interpolation
Authors: Kkhrajan Mousa M. , Merzah Hemzah Yaseen
Published: November 2020

In this paper the fundamental concept of repeated linear interpolation and its possible applications in computer-aided geometric design, and start considering basic constructive methods for curves and surfaces. We discuss here a repeated linear interpolation method that we commonly find in computer graphics and geometric modelling. Repeated linear Interpolation means to calculate a polynomial by using several points. For a given sequence of points, this means to estimate a curve that passes through every single point. The purpose of this paper is to construct a polynomial of degree less than or equal to n, by using repeated linear Interpolation.
On Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Third-Order Neutral Difference Equations
Authors: Zamil Mushtt Intidhar , Mohamed Hameed Dunya
Published: November 2020

The asymptotic behavior for all nonoscillatory solutions for nonlinear neutral difference equations of third order has been investigated in this paper. Some necessary and sufficient conditions were obtained to ensure that these solutions are convergent to zero or divergent. There are some examples which illustrate our main findings.
A New Expanded Mixed Finite Element Method for Parabolic Integro-Differential Equations with Nonlinear Memory
Authors: Kamil Naeemah Ali , Oda Al-Humedi Hameeda
Published: November 2020

A new extended mixed finite element method (MFEM) is suggested for parabolic integrodifferential equations (PIDEs) with nonlinear memory. On the contrary, of the extended mixed scheme, the modern extended mixed element system refers to an asymmetric positive well known and the two gradient equation as well as the flux equation can be isolated from the scalar undefined equation. The presence and uniqueness of the semi-discrete system can be confirmed and error estimates can be achieved for semidiscrete. Fully discrete can be said to be discretization.
Inverse Co-even Domination of Graphs
Authors: A. Omran Ahmed , M. Shalaan Manar
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new inverse domination parameter in the graphs it is called inverse co-even domination number. Some properties of the theory to this definition were only touched. Also, many properties and limitations on this definition are determined. Additionally, some properties of inverse co-even domination number for some certain graphs and its complement are founded, such as regular, complete, path, cycle, wheel, complete bipartite, and star.
Homogeneous and Non Homogeneous Ordinary Differential Equations with the Second Order
Authors: AL-Raid Sadiq Basheer Abd
Published: November 2020

Since Newton time, Differential Equations have been used to comprehend most of physical, geometrical, and vital science in addition to their participation in the study of arithmetic analysis. Furthermore, they have been used in economical and social aspects. They have been developed and got significant position in various sciences. This paper presents for the non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations with the second order. This idea starts in chapter one which talks about the notion of those equations, their orders, in addition to the study of the linear differential equation with the first order and its solution. Whereas the second chapter studies the ordinary differential equations (homogeneous and non-homogeneous) and their solution. Each chapter is supported by solved examples that cover most of the aspects of the topic and we hope that this paper will make a good reference for those who would like to study this topic furtherly.
A New forms of Nano (θG) closed maps in Nano Topological Spaces
Authors: M. Salih Hula
Published: November 2020

In this paper we presented a new forms of maps called Nano-θG1 closed, Nano-θG2 closed, Nano-θG3 closed and Nano-θG4 closed in N-topological spaces and study the relationship between other current maps in N-topological spaces. A modern look of Homeomorphism named Nano-θG1Homeomorphism is created and some of its characteristics are debated.
SEPARATION AXIOMS IN SOFT TRITOPOLOGICAL SPACES WITH RESPECT TO SOFT POINTS
Authors: Hussein Abbas Ali , Flieh Hassan Asmhan
Published: November 2020

In the present paper the definitions of separation axioms insoft–tritopological spaces are introduced dependent to thesoft–δ* –openset and their basic properties are investigated with respect tosoft– points. That is, thesoft–δ* –Ti; (i= 0,1,2,3,4 ) spaces and notions ofsoft–δ* – normal andsoft–δ* –regular spaces are discussed in detail, also we introduce some theorems shows how one of thesoft–spaces implies the others with the help of an examples it is established that the converse does not hold.
A Novel Method for the Analytical Solution of Partial Differential Equations Arising in Mathematical Physics
Authors: Ali Eaued Hossein , Kamil Jassim Hassan , Gassab Mohammed Mayada
Published: November 2020

In this article, an efficient analytical technique, called Sumudu variational iteration method (SVIM), is used to obtain the solution of fractional partial differential equations arising in mathematical physics. The fractional derivatives are described in terms of Caputo sense. This method is the combination of the Sumudu transform (ST) and variational iteration method (VIM). The solution of the suggested technique is represented in a series form, which is convergent to the exact solution of the given problems. Furthermore, the results of the present method have shown close relations with the exact approaches of the investigated problems. Illustrative examples are discussed, showing the validity of the current method. The attractive and straightforward procedure of the present method suggests that this method can easily be extended for the solutions of other nonlinear fractional-order partial differential equations.
Invariant Factors of the Tenser Product of (≡* (C
α
3
)
Authors: Mohamed Hameed Dunya , Zamil Mushtt Intidhar
Published: November 2020

This work led to find the invariant factors of the tenser product ( ξ* (C α 3 )) and prove the general formula of

ℌ

(

κ

⊗

(

≡
*

(

C

α
3

)

)

)
Accelerations As(MM) and Aco(MM) To Find Double Integrals Numerically
Authors: Mohammed Dheyaa Athraa , Hassan Mohammed Ali
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this research is to use methods of accelerating the first type of Al Tememe Acceleration, specifically triangular acceleration sine rule and triangular acceleration cosine rule which has the main error of the second level to find the continuous double integrations specified numerically with using the midpoint rule on both internal dimension
t
and exterior dimension
z
by both methods and we will code the first method with the symbol As(MM) and the second method the symbol Aco(MM) ;we assumed that the number of divisions on the internal dimension
t
was equal to the number of divisions on the external dimension
z
,where we got in both methods a high accuracy in the results with relatively few partial periods and a short time with the use of the Matlab 2017 program.
Reducing the time that TRM requires to solve systems of nonlinear equations
Authors: H. Dwail Hasan , M. A. K. Shiker
Published: November 2020

The trust region method is one of the important and effective ways to solve optimization problems due to its robust and accuracy in its convergence. One of its disadvantages is that its algorithm needs much time to solve its subproblems especially in the case of the problems that have a large-scale data. In this work, a new algorithm is suggested to solve this problem specifically subspace TRM. The initial TRR will be adequate to the subproblems which can be solved with a simple subspace, it will be simpler to solve than the classic TRM. The global convergence of the new method is investigated. The numerical results indicated that the new approach is promising.
Elevated of Calcium and Sodium Levels as a Result of Methamphetamine Addiction, Causesand Consequence
Authors: T. Abood Mushtaq , A. Almashhedy Lamia
Published: November 2020

Methamphetamine (METH) is an addictive drug causes toxicity and degeneration in the brain. Several evidence have demonstrated that METH toxicity results oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. In this paper we studied the effect of METH on calcium levels because of its great importance on human health. Calcium, is a messenger of extracellular signals in a great variety of cells; it regulates several neuronal functions, such as neurotransmitter synthesis and release, neuronal excitability, phosphorylation. Calcium is also involved in long-term processes, like memory. As well, we highlighted sodium levels to find out the main course in nerve function and to keep body fluids in balance.

The study was conducted on eighty people divided into three groups, thirty non addicted men as a control group(G1), taking into account and excluding, cigarette smoking, age, social and cultural conditions, and chronic diseases, also thirty people addicted to methamphetamine(G2), and twenty people addicted to methamphetamine and other narcotic substances (mix)(G3), whose ages ranged between (15-45) years and the period of methamphetamine abuse ranged between (1-7) years.

Calcium levels were highly significant in addicts group (P < 0.05), as compared to non addicts group. as well, when dividing by age, Calcium level were higher in METH and MIX addicts group (A2) as compared to addicts group (A1) and (A3) (P >0.05). Also, Calcium level were higher in METH and MIX addicts group (D3) as compared to addicts group (D1) and (D2) (P >0.05). We have noticed Increased duration of abuse Increases calcium levels. In addition to, Sodium levels were highly significant in addicts group (P < 0.05), as compared to non addicts group. During the study, it was found that age had an effect on sodium levels, Sodium level were higher in METH addicts group (A1) as compared to addicts group (A2) and (A3) (P> 0.05). While, Sodium level were higher in MIX addicts group (A2) as compared to addicts group (A1) and (A3) (P> 0.05). As well, Sodium level were higher in METH and MIX addicts group (D2) as compared to addicts group (D1) and (D3) (P> 0.05). Indeed, the difference in the duration of the abuse affects the sodium levels.
The effect of hyperglycemia on osmolality in the Thi – Qar Governorate patients
Authors: Q. Sultan Mohammad
Published: November 2020

40 Samples were collected, from February 2019 until the April 2019. The average age for the two groups (A and B) was between 30 – 50 years old. 20 samples with diabetes (group B), 20 samples of people nondiabetes control groups (group A).

Both, the serum Sodium, Potassium, Urea and Glucose were estimated for all groups A and B respectively. The result indicated the presence of relative increase (P<0.05) of sodium, potassium, urea and glucose concentrations in (group B) as compare with (group A).

Finally, the results showed a relative increase (P <0.05) in osmolality concentration in (Group B) as compared with (Group A).
Ramification role Of Urban Sewage in Al-Shatrah subdistrict River Pollution
Authors: Hashim Osama S.
Published: November 2020

The practical field study was carried out at three point located along (Al-Shatrah river) (A. Park – B. Hospital – C. Al-Abbasiyah).in thisdistrict(Shatrah)Thi-Qar, its to invistigate the role of sewage water from the residential areas arround the river which divided the city into two sides, this river is branch from(Al-Garraf-Canal).

This study analyzed some (physiocochemical and biological parameters )for the sewage water and recognized the potential pollution sources at selcted three station of study.the variance major analysis parameter ([pH]-[E.C]- [B.O.D]-[C.O.D]-[T.D.S]-[T.S.S]-[CL]-[SO4]-[PO4]-[NO3]) moderated for samples from the field station was treated chemically during the time of study three months (June,July,Augest 2019), appeared varriance diffrentated in value rate among the three stations according to the pollution sources. The highly domistic wastwater from the houses,shops were the main influents factors affected water-quality. Our study can be usefully applied to help the local authortiy in order to prevent the pollution of most important life source for humans-plants-animals.
FI-Spectrophotometric determination of Cu (II) ions in analytical sample Via reaction with a new reagent HPEDN
Authors: M. Al – alnessrioy Dhiea , A. Al –Da’amy Muneer
Published: November 2020

A new Spectrophotometric flow injection method has been established for the determination of Cu (II) ions in analytical sample . The method is based on the reaction of Cu (II) ions with 1- (4-( 1- ( 2- hydroxyl phenyl amino) ethyl ) phenyl) diazenyl ) naphthalene-2- ol ( HPEDN) reagent in the presence of a Buffer solution has PH equal to 9 to form a red-water-soluble stable complex, that has a maximum absorbance at 500 nm . Beer’s law is obeyed in the range of 0.5-10 μg.ml-1 with a limit of detection (signal/noise=3) of 0.2213 μg.ml-1 and limit of quantification of 0.7377 μg.ml-1 and relative standard deviations of 0.65 %, The effect of chemical and physical parameters have been carefully considered and the proposed procedure was successfully applied to the determination of Cu (II) ions in analytical sample with a good precision and accuracy.
Synthesis, Chemical Resistance and Thermal Behavior of Polyfurfural Alcohol
Authors: AL-Rekabe J.M. , Saleh Hind.M. , Hanoosh W.S.
Published: November 2020

Polyfuifural alcohol (PFA) is a thermosetting polymers of furan class which has gained great importance mainly due to it being obtained from renewable resources, so in this study PFA was synthesis through polymerization of furfural alcohol in acidic medium. PFA was evaluated, and the chemical resistance of cured PFA toward some chemical compounds was study and it was observed that the cured resin was stable towards most of these chemical compounds during the test time. On the other hands heat treatments of cured resin was study at different temperatures, and the results shown that the resin has high char contents, and the FTIR study of the heat cured resin indicates some chemical change in the polymer structure