bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le travail contraint, négatif de l’effort de guerre sur le front d’Orient, 1915-1918
Authors: Piégais Gwendal
Published: November 2022

De 1915 à 1918, l’armée d’Orient affronte les empires centraux en Macédoine, sur un théâtre où elle doit établir de nombreuses infrastructures essentielles. Elle recourt à un grand nombre de travailleurs locaux, peu évoqués dans les archives. Ces travailleurs sont en revanche omniprésents dans les sources photographiques, sources qui nous donnent à mieux comprendre la dimension coloniale de ce théâtre.
Quand la philanthropie rencontre le monde culturel : enjeux et perspectives
Authors: Monier Anne
Published: November 2022

Cet article offre un panorama des grands enjeux et perspectives de la philanthropie culturelle. La culture est l’une des principales causes défendues par la philanthropie, et ce depuis ses débuts. Mais la rencontre entre le monde philanthropique et le monde culturel se fait selon des modalités complexes. Nous nous intéresserons ici au développement, aux caractéristiques et aux effets de la philanthropie culturelle.
Quel accès juridique aux contenus numériques ?
Authors: Clément-Fontaine Mélanie
Published: November 2022

Quels sont les leviers juridiques favorables à la production et à l’accès de contenus numériques variés (de nature culturelle ou scientifique) et certifiés par des institutions publiques, des communautés scientifiques ou encore des experts ? Nous en distinguons trois : les licences libres, l’Open data et la Science ouverte dont les régimes allient contraintes et récompenses.
Préserver la nation en exil
Authors: Keren Célia
Published: November 2022

Pendant la guerre d’Espagne (1936-1939), l’évacuation de milliers d’enfants en France pose aux responsables gouvernementaux espagnols et à leur partenaire français une question critique : faut-il s’inquiéter du maintien en exil de l’identité nationale de ces enfants évacués ? Selon les moments et les acteurs, l’identité nationale des enfants espagnols est pensée tantôt en termes biologiques, tantôt en termes plus culturels, ce qui implique des politiques différentes sur le terrain. Cet article fournit un nouvel exemple de l’ancrage de la pensée nationaliste, et même eugéniste et raciale, dans la gauche européenne, et des angoisses suscitées par le risque de « dénationalisation » des enfants déplacés de guerre pendant le premier 20 e  siècle.
El biomejoramiento moral y su relación con la ética y la justicia
Authors: Herrera Guevara Asunción
Published: November 2022

En este artículo intentaré mostrar el discurso moralista empleado por Persson y Savulescu en su obra ¿Preparados para el futuro? La necesidad del mejoramiento moral. La primera parte del trabajo expondrá la necesidad de demarcar claramente las cuestiones de justicia de la idea de bien, considerando que esta es una distinción central para el filósofo moral y el bioeticista. Intentaré responder a una cuestión: en la actualidad, ¿el filósofo moral emplea un discurso moralista? En la segunda parte del artículo, relacionaré la propuesta de Persson y Savulescu con la novela de Stanislaw Lem Congreso de futurología.
Humanidad por defecto, cooperación por defecto
Authors: González Fernández Rodrigo Alfonso , Krause Muñoz María Soledad
Published: November 2022

Según John Searle, las posiciones por defecto, i. e., las condiciones de inteligibilidad del pensamiento y la acción son algunos puntos de partida que se presuponen de manera pre-reflexiva y pragmática. Su postulación es, además, una novel manera de tratar con algunos problemas perennes de la filosofía, dejándolos entre paréntesis. Dichos problemas son la existencia del mundo externo, la verdad y como esta tiene que ver con hechos, la percepción directa, los significados de las palabras y, finalmente, la causalidad. En este artículo analizamos cómo las mencionadas posiciones conforman una humanidad por defecto, y cómo su ausencia, deshumanizaría. Esto es relevante en el caso de la cooperación, una posición por defecto básica para la intencionalidad colectiva, y piedra angular de la civilización humana.
Fabricación de dolomita refractaria
Authors: Gibbs Ralph
Published: November 2022

No disponible
La cocción del cemento sobre parrilla móvil
Authors: Dicharry R.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Comportamiento de un horno vertical para cocer cal
Authors: Azbe V.J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
El espato flúor y la industria cerámica
Authors: Charrin V.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
El sulfocemento húmedo en el laboratorio y en la obra
Authors: Manche H.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Notas respecto a la fabricación de cales hidráulicas y cementos
Authors: Deforge J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Problemas que afectan a la industria del cemento: distribución, aprovechamiento de combustibles e investigación
Authors: Nordberg Bror
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Cálculo de la capacidad de producción de un horno rotatorio para cocer cal
Authors: Atherton C.R.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
El carbonato magnésico como aislante térmico para tuberías
Authors: Arend G.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Mecanismo del ataque del cemento portland por los sulfatos
Authors: Lea F.M.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Molinos de bolas, tubulares y de pedernal
Authors: Lomas J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Alimentación de los hornos de cemento con menudos de antracita
Authors: Lenhart W.B.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
El transporte del cemento a granel
Authors: Dicharry R.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Utilización del yeso en la industria tejera
Authors: Ujrtvanck Van
Published: November 2022

No dispoible
Ventajas e inconvenientes del horno-túnel en la cocción de materiales cerámicos
Authors: Robson J.T.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Efecto de algunas variables sobre los resultados obtenidos en los ensayos con morteros normales
Authors: Bloem D.L.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Adelantos recientes en el cemento
Authors: Rockwood N.C.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Fallos en el hormigón: causas y remedios
Authors: Knight B.H.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Determinación de la cohesión de los crudos destinados a la fabricación de cementos
Authors: Guye F.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Extraordinario comportamiento de unos hornos cementeros
Authors: Cintron C.L.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Old fashioned cements vs. modern cements
Authors: Arndt W.J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Fineness of portland cement
Authors: Steinherz A.R.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Decoration of glass an ceraraic articles by xerography
Authors: Oughton C.D.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Volume changes in small concrete clinders during freezing and thawing
Authors: Valore R.C.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Die schnellkühlung ven klinker aus zementdrehüfen
Authors: Uhlig R.G.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Dust nuisance licked by precipitator at leigh's plant
Authors: Avery W.M.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Classification et utilisation des ciments
Authors: Nachbaur J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Manufacturing cement in vertical shaft kiln
Authors: Robinson G.H.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Cooling of portland cement
Authors: Krabbe I.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Entstaubungsfragen der zementindustrie
Authors: Ruhland E.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Contribution a l’etude de la structure des états vitreux
Authors: Peyches I.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Evolution et perspectives du béton manufacturé
Authors: Duriez M.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
The extraction of cement-kiln dust by cyolones
Authors: Lambert B.V.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Firing kilns with low-grade coals
Authors: Ferrer-Vidal J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Fluidisation applied to the lime and cement industrie
Authors: Bauer W.G.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Cementi per dighe
Authors: Santarelli L.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Sulla resistenza chimica dei cementi, tipo Ferrari, e dei relativi pozzolanici
Authors: Ferrari F.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Versuchsergebnisse rait der wagnerschen trübungsmesser
Authors: Haegermann G.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
PCA’s new research laboratories
Authors: Nordberg B.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Stockage et livraison en vrac des liants hydrauliques
Authors: Richard B.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
New type patterns for ceramic production
Authors: Dickinson T.A.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Production of blondod cement
Authors: Gottlieb S.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Reduction of alkalies in portland cement
Authors: Holden E.R.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Produotion of kiln stone
Authors: Azbe V. J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Descripción de una fábrica de cal
Authors: Avery W.M.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Nationalization of cement
Authors: Stagg F.R.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
L'avenir des chaux hydrauliques
Authors: Deforge J.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Residuos y superficie específica
Authors: Virella Bloda A.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
La flotación y la industria del cemento
Authors: Soria Santamaría F.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Per Ia razionale scorificazione del clinker di cemento
Authors: Ferrari F.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
1950 Fourth straight peak year
Authors: Trauffer W.E.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
The cement industry in Japon
Authors: Fujii M.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
New modified sic
Authors: Rose C.G.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Der hochtemperaturofen im zementlabor
Authors: Seidel K.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Mouture et moulins de laboratoire
Authors: Slegten J.A.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
La perforation èlectrique dans l’exploitation des carrières
Authors: Vié G.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
How temperature and moisture changes may affect the durability of concrete
Authors: Meyers S.L.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Aqueous cementitious systems containing lime and alumina
Authors: Steinour H.H.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
Nuevas técnicas para el estudio del fraguado y endurecimiento de los aglomerantes hidráulicos. IV.- Influencia de la temperatura en el fraguado
Authors: Calleja J.
Published: November 2022

En trabajos anteriores (1) que llevan el mismo título general que el presente, se fijaron las bases para el desarrollo y puesta punto de una nueva técnica para el estudio del fraguado y endurecimiento de los aglomerantes hidráulicos, fundada en la marcha de las curvas resistencia eléctrica – tiempo (R-t) de pastas cemento mantenidas durante el fraguado en condiciones casi adiabáticas. Del estudio de estas curvas, así como de Su comparación con las curvas temperatura-tiempo (T-t) durante el proceso, se dedujo que el principio y el fin del fraguado de un aglomerante venían señalados en las curvas R-t por puntos bien definidos.
Se estudió también la influencia que la frecuencia de la corriente utilizada en la medida de la resistencia--eléctrica de pastas de cemento ejerce en los resultados obtenidos. Concluyendo que no deben emplearse corrientes de frecuencia inferior a 1000 ciclos.
Finalmente se trató de la aplicabilidad de la técnica al cemento aluminoso. por ser éste distinto de los portland en múltiples aspectos. resultando que para este cemento. la técnica expuesta, como cualquiera de las clásicas, no es aplicable al menos en la misma forma en que lo es para el portland.
En este artículo se estudia una de las variables más interesantes entre las que intervienen en el fraguado: la temperatura, en dos aspectos. Uno el de la influencia de variaciones ligeras en la temperatura ambiente y en la del agua de amasado, influencia tal, que una variación de 5°C puede ocasionar a veces adelantos o retrasos de dos horas en el final del fraguado. Otro aspecto es el del fraguado a temperaturas elevadas. cuestión de gran interés para la determinación de la marcha, y condiciones óptimas del curado acelerado del hormigón mediante tratamientos térmicos. De los resultados experimentales hallados se da la correspondiente explicación teórica.
The production, properties and uses of calcium sulppate plasters
Authors: Andrews H.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
El Salvador's first cement plant nears completion
Authors: Moser Clyde A.
Published: November 2022

No disponible
“Learning You Were Wrong”
Authors: Stevenson Dennis Matt , Self Harper Anne
Published: November 2022

This article demonstrates an exercise in historical placement and historiography utilizing the 1991 film Beauty and the Beast within the social studies classroom. The purpose is to identify the context in which the events of the film are placed using material culture. Once timing is established, the characters are analyzed using the social context of Western feminism both in contemporary and recent terms. This is a practice in identifying changes and continuities for interpreting this film and a continuation of feminist scholarly commentary that can be utilized for advanced high school and undergraduate study.
Actual Practicum Course vs. Virtual Living Lab in Tourism Education
Authors: Bafadhal Aniesa Samira , Hendrawan Muhammad Rosyihan
Published: November 2022

As part of the curriculum at the Department of Tourism, Brawijaya University, Malang City, Indonesia, the authors are conducting a virtual tourism course to understand the interrelation of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in the tourism and hospitality fields. Moreover, this course also included practicums to create and use varied, immersive systems such as Web-VR, 3D VR, Multiplayer 3D VR, Marker-Based AR, and Marker-Less AR content in the context of tourism business etiquette and procedures as a virtual tour guide. In continuation, under the coordination of the tourism laboratory, they initiated a virtual living lab together with students and stakeholders that focus on strengthening Malang's City identity as a heritage city by using AR/VR technologies. Therefore, this chapter aims to define and recognise basic insights of the concept, types, and characteristics of remote practicum methods. Specifically, this review also describes with examples required equipment and best practice software and explains the advantages and limitations that may occur.
Seroepidemiology of HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV, and CMV in Pregnant Women Referring to Sari Birth Cohort
Authors: Rahimzadeh Golnar , Safar Mohammad Jafar , Rezai Shaghayegh , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh , Movahedi Faezeh Sadat
Published: November 2022

Background:

Congenital infections are among the most important conditions threatening human fetal health, the majority of which are caused by viral agents. Screening pregnant women for viral infections is essential because such infections can cause serious consequences for both the mother and the infant. So, this study aimed to serologically investigate sexually transmitted viral infections in pregnant women and also find the association between the prevalence of viral infections and epidemiological parameters in pregnant women of Sari, Iran.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive, observational study was performed in pregnant women referring to Sari Birth Cohort Center between 2018 and 2020. A total of 1092 blood samples were investigated for hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:

The prevalence of HBsAg positivity, HCV, HIV, and HTLV was 0.2%, 0.09%, 0.09%, and 0.2%, respectively. The percentage of participants with CMV-IgM and -IgG antibody titers above normal was 0.2% and 91.8%, respectively. Pregnant women whose educational level was bachelor's degree or lower, those who did not use a male condom before pregnancy, or those with a family history of infectious disease were found to be more likely to have HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV, and CMV infections.

Conclusion:

Family history, maternal age, pregnancy stage, and not using a male condom are among the risk factors for sexually transmitted viral infections in pregnant women in Sari.
On commutativity of prime rings with skew derivations
Authors: Rehman Nadeem ur , Huang Shuliang
Published: November 2022

Let $\mathscr{R}$ be a prime ring of Char$(\mathscr{R}) \neq 2$ and $m\neq 1$
be a positive integer. If $S$ is a nonzero skew derivation with an associated
automorphism $\mathscr{T}$ of $\mathscr{R}$ such that $([S([a, b]), [a,
b]])^{m} = [S([a, b]), [a, b]]$ for all $a, b \in \mathscr{R}$, then
$\mathscr{R}$ is commutative.
Dog bite management practices by general practitioners; where are we standing in ASIA; a narrative review
Authors: Gillani Syed Faraz Ul Hassan Shah , Memoona Ayesha , Ehsan Tauqeer
Published: November 2022

Rabies is an infectious viral disease endemic worldwide and is fatal after the onset of clinical symptoms. In 99% of cases, dogs contribute to infectious viral transmission in humans. It causes approximately 10,000 deaths per year, mainly in Asia and Africa, with 95% of deaths occurring in Asia alone. Currently, the number of dog bite cases reported in Pakistan is alarming. Such cases are first seen mostly by general practitioners. The current narrative review was planned to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners as reported in the literature from different countries published between July 2016 and February 2021 regarding dog bite management. Articles were searched using Google, Google Scholar, Ovid, Eric and PubMed databases. Keywords used included rabies, dog bite, general practitioners, medical officers, knowledge, attitude and practices. A total of 7 studies comprising 875 participants were included.
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PSYCHOPHILOUS AND MELITTOPHILOUS POLLINATION SYNDROME IN Tridax procumbens L. (ASTERACEAE)
Authors: Varalakshmi P. , Raju A.J. Solomon
Published: November 2022

ridax procumbens exhibits explosive flowering during June–September while sporadic flowering at other times. In the capitula, the florets are of two types, nectarless female ray florets and nectariferous bisexual disc florets. The disc florets are sucrose-dominant with sugar concentrations of 20% and the energy yield is optimal. The nectar contains five essential and ten non-essential amino acids. The capitula attract butterflies, bees, flies and thrips. The butterflies, while collecting nectar, and bees, while collecting nectar and pollen, effect pollination. Thrips use flower buds for breeding and effect pollination while feeding on pollen and nectar. The study suggests that T. procumbens exhibits psychophilous and melittophilous pollination syndrome. The work presented in this paper on plant-butterfly interactions assumes importance in the context of planning for and setting up butterfly parks.
Interrelation of Kinetic Parameters of Sperm of Servicing Bulls of the Holstein Breed with Its Fertilising Ability
Authors: PIDDUBNA LIUDMYLA , ZAKHARCHUK DARIA , BRATUSHKA RUSLAN , IVANYTSKA VALENTYNA
Published: November 2022

Sperm motility is an essential indicator that characterises the viability and structural integrity of sperm. This parameter is closely related to the fertilisation capacity of male germ cells, so its assessment is an integral part of sperm analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of predicting the fertilisation capacity of sperm of servicing bulls based on kinetic indicators. The study involved laboratory, zootechnical, and statistical methods. A significant variability in the kinetic parameters of sperm of servicing bulls was revealed – from 6.2 to 16.1%. The variation in the percentage of motile sperm in the ejaculate was 78.9-89.8; the percentage of progressive sperm – 50.0-74.5; velocity average path of sperm (VAP) – 132.6-163.7 µm/s; velocity straight line (VSL) – 99.2-138.2 µm/s; curvilinear velocity (VCL) – 223.7-272.3 µm/s; straightness of sperm (STR) – 73.9-85.0%, linearity (LIN) – 45.1-56.1%, wobble (WOB) – 57.2-63.8%. The difference between the minimum and maximum values for all the parameters under study is highly likely (P<0.001). A correlation between various kinetic parameters of sperm is established. Sperm movement rates and their relative values are largely conditioned upon the percentage of progressive sperm in the ejaculate (r=+0.231-0.761). VAP, VSL, and VCL indicators are interrelated (r=+0.550-0.887). The study investigated the average fertilising ability of the sperm of servicing bulls based on the results of insemination of 8,594 cows and 992 heifers in four farms of Zhytomyr and Kyiv oblasts, the variation was within 40.7-61.4%. It was proved that bulls with higher and average fertilising capacity are described by a higher percentage of progressive sperm in ejaculates, and VAP, VSL, and VCL indicators of sperm movement compared to bulls with low fertilising capacity. This pattern is confirmed by correlation analysis (r=+0.538-0.675). Kinetic parameters identified using the CASA system allow predicting the fertilising capacity of sperm and identify servicing bulls with reduced reproductive function
Primacy of the Universal Quantifier in Frege's Concept-Script
Authors: Kim Joongol
Published: November 2022

This paper presents three explanations of why Frege took the universal, rather than the existential, quantifier as primitive in his formalization of logic. The first two explanations provide technical reasons related to how Frege formalizes the logic of truth-functions and the logic of quantification. The third, philosophical explanation locates the reason in Frege's logicist goal of analyzing arithmetical concepts---especially the concepts of 0 and 1---in purely logical terms.
Reliable Knowledge
Authors: Dixon Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Recently John Turri (2015b) has argued, contra the orthodoxy amongst epistemologists, that reliability is not a necessary condition for knowledge. From this result, Turri (2015a, 2017, 2016a, 2019) defends a new account of knowledge — called abilism — that allows for unreliable knowledge. I argue that Turri’s arguments fail to establish that unreliable knowledge is possible and argue that Turri’s account of knowledge is false because reliability must be a necessary condition for knowledge.
Analisis Pembiayaan Sektor Pertanian pada BPRS dengan Perspektif Kesejahteraan dan Risiko
Authors: Essa Satrija Prajna , Burhany Dian Imanina , Syarief M. Edman
Published: November 2022

Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dua aspek yang menjadi dasar dalam penyaluran pembiayaan yang dilakukan oleh BPRS untuk sektor pertanian yaitu kesejahteraan petani dan risiko pembiayaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 163 BPRS yang tergabung dalam laporan yang diterbitkan OJK dengan data bulanan selama periode 2016 hingga 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis PLS-SEM dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesejahteraan petani memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pembiayaan sektor pertanian, sedangkan risiko pembiayaan tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan bagi pembiayaan sektor pertanian.
Chromophores and chemical composition of brown carbon characterized at an urban kerbside by excitation–emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry
Authors: Jiang Feng , Song Junwei , Bauer Jonas , Gao Linyu , Vallon Magdalena , Gebhardt Reiner , Leisner Thomas , Norra Stefan , Saathoff Harald
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The optical properties, chemical composition, and
potential chromophores of brown carbon (BrC) aerosol particles were studied
during typical summertime and wintertime at a kerbside in downtown Karlsruhe, a
city in central Europe. The average absorption coefficient and mass
absorption efficiency at 365 nm (Abs365 and MAE365) of
methanol-soluble BrC (MS-BrC) were lower in the summer period (1.6 ± 0.5 Mm−1, 0.5 ± 0.2 m2 g−1) than in the winter period
(2.8 ± 1.9 Mm−1, 1.1 ± 0.3 m2 g−1). Using a
parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis to identify chromophores, two different
groups of highly oxygenated humic-like substances (HO-HULIS) dominated in
summer and contributed 96 ± 6 % of the total fluorescence intensity. In
contrast, less-oxygenated HULIS (LO-HULIS) dominated the total fluorescence
intensity in winter with 57 ± 12 %, followed by HO-HULIS with 31 ± 18 %. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of organic
compounds detected in real time by an online aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS)
led to five characteristic organic compound classes. The statistical
analysis of PARAFAC components and PMF factors showed that LO-HULIS
chromophores were most likely emitted from biomass burning in winter.
HO-HULIS chromophores could be low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosol from
regional transport and oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in summer. Five nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs) were identified by a chemical
ionization mass spectrometer (C7H7O3N,
C7H7O4N, C6H5O5N, C6H5O4N, and
C6H5O3N), which contributed 0.03 ± 0.01 % to the total
organic mass but can explain 0.3 ± 0.1 % of the total absorption of
MS-BrC at 365 nm in winter. Furthermore, we identified 316 potential brown
carbon molecules which accounted for 2.5 ± 0.6 % of the organic
aerosol mass. Using an average mass absorption efficiency (MAE365) of
9.5 m2g−1 for these compounds, we can estimate their mean light
absorption to be 1.2 ± 0.2 Mm−1, accounting for 32 ± 15 %
of the total absorption of MS-BrC at 365 nm. This indicates that a small
fraction of brown carbon molecules dominates the overall absorption. The
potential BrC molecules assigned to the LO-HULIS component had a higher
average molecular weight (265 ± 2 Da) and more nitrogen-containing
molecules (62 ± 1 %) than the molecules assigned to the HO-HULIS
components. Our analysis shows that the LO-HULIS, with a high contribution
of nitrogen-containing molecules originating from biomass burning, dominates
aerosol fluorescence in winter, and HO-HULIS, with fewer nitrogen-containing
molecules as low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosol from regional
transport and oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC),
dominates in summer.
Methane retrieval from airborne HySpex observations in the short-wave infrared
Authors: Hochstaffl Philipp , Schreier Franz , Köhler Claas Henning , Baumgartner Andreas , Cerra Daniele
Published: November 2022

Abstract. A reduction of methane emissions could help to mitigate global warming on a relatively short time scale. Monitoring of local and regional anthropogenic CH4 emissions is crucial in order to increase our understanding of the methane budget which is still subject to scientific debate. The study compares various retrieval schemes that estimate localized CH4 emissions from ventilation shafts in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) in Poland using short-wave infrared nadir observations of the airborne imaging spectrometer HySpex. The examined methods are divided into nonlinear and linear schemes. The former class are of iterative nature and encompass various nonlinear least squares setups while the latter are represented by the Matched Filter (MF), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Spectral Signature Detection (SSD) algorithms. Particular emphasis is put on strategies to rem- edy the problem of albedo related biases due to correlation with broad band absorption features caused by the hyperspectral instrument's low spectral resolution. It was found that classical nonlinear least squares fits based on the Beer InfraRed Retrieval Algorithm (BIRRA) suffers from surface-type dependent biases. The effect is more pronounced for retrievals from single spectral intervals but can be mitigated when multiple intervals are combined. The albedo related correlation is also found in the BIRRA solutions for the separable least squares. A new BIRRA setup that exploits the inverse of a scene's covariance structure to account for reflectivity statistics significantly reduces the albedo bias and enhances the CH4 signal so that the method infers two- to threefold higher methane concentrations. The linear estimators turned out to be very fast and well suited to detect enhanced levels of methane. The linearized BIRRA forward model turned out to be sensitive to the selected retrieval interval and in the default setup only works for very narrow windows. Other well established linear methods such as the MF and SVD identified the methane pattern as well and largely agree with the BIRRA fitted enhancements hence the methods allow quantitative estimates of methane. The latter two methods yielded increased performance when the scene was further divided into clusters by applying k-means in a preprocessing step. Methane plumes detected with the simple SSD method were faint and found rather sensitive to the polynomial used to compute the method's residuum ratio.
Self-nested large-eddy simulations in PALM Model System v21.10 for offshore wind prediction under different atmospheric stability conditions
Authors: Krutova Maria , Bakhoday-Paskyabi Mostafa , Reuder Joachim , Nielsen Finn Gunnar
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Large-eddy simulation (LES) resolves large-scale turbulence directly and parametrizes small-scale turbulence. Resolving the micro-scale turbulence, e.g., in the wind turbine wakes, requires both a sufficiently small grid spacing and a domain large enough to develop the turbulent flow. Refining the grid locally via a nesting interface effectively decreases the required computational time compared to the global grid refinement. However, interpolating the flow between the nested grid boundaries introduces another source of uncertainty. Previous studies reviewed the nesting effects for a buoyancy-driven flow and observed a secondary circulation in the two-way nested area. Using nesting interface with a shear-driven flow in the wind field simulation, therefore, requires additional verification. We use PALM model system to simulate the boundary layer in a cascading self-nested domain under neutral, convective, and stable conditions, and verify the results based on the wind speed measurements taken at the FINO1 platform in the North Sea. We show that the feedback between the parent and child domain in a two-way nested simulation of a non-neutral boundary layer alters the circulation in the refined domain, despite the spectral characteristics following the reference measurements. Unlike the pure buoyancy-driven flow, the non-neutral shear-driven flow slows down in the two-way nested area and accelerates after exiting the child domain. We also briefly review the nesting effect on the velocity profiles and turbulence anisotropy.
An Exploratory Study of Cybersecurity in Working from Home: Problem or Enabler?
Authors: Bispham Mary , Creese Sadie , Dutton William H. , Esteve-González Patricia , Goldsmith Michael
Published: November 2022

This article explores the implications of a shift to working from home (WFH) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature and news coverage of this topic focuses on rising concerns over cybersecurity. Based on in-depth exploratory interviews with cybersecurity experts, it is apparent that cybersecurity problems do arise, but the advances in cybersecurity have enabled this shift and the scaling up of WFH. This qualitative research suggests the need for survey research and selected case studies to gain a more empirically anchored perspective on the degree that cybersecurity has raised problems but also enabled WFH.
Harezm Türkçesindeki Pekiştirme Enklitikleri
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Güllü
Published: November 2022

Klitik, kelime ile ek arasında davranış sergileyen ögeler için kullanılan bir terimdir. Müstakil bir kelimenin fonolojik formuna sahip olan klitikler kendilerinden önceki unsura fonolojik olarak bağlı bulunabilecekleri gibi kendilerinden sonraki unsura da bağlı olabilirler. Söz konusu klitikler Türkçenin yapısı gereği kendilerinden önceki unsura bağlanırlar ve bu sebeple enklitik olarak adlandırılırlar.

Bu çalışmada öncelikle klitik ve enklitik kavramlarından bahsedilip, konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalara değinildi. Ardından Harezm Türkçesi metinlerindeki pekiştirme enklitikleri tespit edilip incelenmeye çalışıldı ve çalışma neticesinde elde edilen bilgiler sonuç kısmında belirtildi.
Anadolu Ağızlarında Kullanılan apala- “emeklemek” Fiili Üzerine
Authors: ERSOY Feyzi
Published: November 2022

Anadolu ağızları, yalnızca kendine özgü fonetik ve morfolojik özellikleriyle değil aynı zamanda sahip olduğu kelime hazinesiyle de Türkçenin problemli bazı konularının aydınlatılmasında araştırmacılara önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Herkesin bildiği gibi bugün Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te yer almayan ancak Türkçenin tarihî ve çağdaş lehçelerinde yaşayan pek çok kelime Anadolu ağızlarında yaşayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Anadolu ağızlarında görülen apala- “emeklemek” fiili üzerinde durulacaktır.

Apala- fiili, ağırlıklı olarak Batı Anadolu ağızlarında görülen ilgi çekici bir fiildir. Bu fiil, ağızlarda abalamak, apılamak, apalamak, apılamak, aballamak gibi farklı şekillerde kullanılmaktadır. Çuvaşçada, aynı anlam için diğer çağdaş lehçelerde rastlanmayan upalen- fiili bulunmaktadır.

Çalışmada, tarihî ve çağdaş lehçelerdeki durumu takip edilerek Anadolu ağızlarındaki kullanımlardan da faydalanılarak apala- fiilinin üzerinde durulacak olup anlam özelliklerinden de yola çıkılarak kelimenin Çuvaşça upalen- ile bağlantısı incelenecektir.
المسؤولية المدنية عن اضرار لقاح كورونا حسب قرارات محكمة النقض الفرنسية
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Rahim Al-Mashhadi Ali
Published: November 2022

تنشأ المسؤولية على أساس المسؤولية عن المنتجات المعيبة ، والشركات التي تنتج اللقاحات ، تمامًا مثل أي شركة أخرى تنتج منتجًا يباع للمستهلك ، ملزمة بموجب القانون بضمان سلامة ذلك المستهلك. أظهرت المادة 1245 من القانون المدني الفرنسي أن النتيجة مسؤولة عن الضرر الناجم عن عيب منتجه ، بغض النظر عما إذا كان ملتزمًا بعقد مع الشخص المصاب. إذن ، الشركة التي أنتجت المنتج المعيب هي المسؤولة عن ومع ذلك ، ما هي المتطلبات الأساسية التي يجب استيفاؤها لتحمل المسؤولية بصفتها الشركة المصنعة؟
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, HIV and HBV coinfection and associated factors in pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Sichone Victor , Vwalika B
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To explore the prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors of hepatitis B in HIV positive and HIV negative pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.

Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study with a total of 316 (158 HIV negative and 158 HIV positive) pregnant women, aged 16-46years. Participants were recruited from the antenatal ward using convenient sampling method from women with a known and documented HIV status. A structured questionnaire was administered for sociodemographic data and bloods for HBsAg screening were collected. Data collection was done between 15th Dec 2016 and 30th May, 2017. The relationship between study variables and presence of HBV and HBV/HIV coinfection was examined using logistic regression. The selection for entry into the logistic regression model was considered at level p<0.05.

Results: Of the 316 study participants 11(3.5%) tested positive for HBsAg. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of HBV in the HIV negative and HIV positive pregnant women (3.8% and 3.2% respectively, P=0.76). Similarly, there was no association between the age, marital status, parity, residence, religion, education level or form of employment with HBV infection. Being on combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) had a 91% reduced odds for HBV co-infection[OR = 0.09, CI = 0.01 – 0.63, P = 0.02]

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HBV between the HIV positive and HIV negative pregnant women. However, HIV antiretroviral treatment seems to have a protective effect on acquisition of HBV infection. Therefore, regardless of their HIV status or socio-demographic characteristics, all pregnant women should routinely be screened for HBV so that babies born to high risk mothers can receive the birth doses of HBV vaccine and immunoglobulins to prevent transmission to newborns.
Histomorphology of bone marrow from adult pancytopenic patients at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Musonda Francis , Marimo Clemence , Kowa Sumbukeni
Published: November 2022

Background: Pancytopenia is a haematologic condition characterised by leukopenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Pancytopenia is not a diagnosis and has to be qualified by determination of its cause. The aetiologies of pancytopenia are diverse, and study of bone marrow histomorphology via cytology and histology are key components that assist in the determination of the underlying cause. Pancytopenia is encountered regularly in medical practice in Zambia, however, no studies have been conducted on pancytopenia to date. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done on adult pancytopenic patients admitted to the medical wards of the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) over an eight-month period. The aim of this study was to determine the histomorphology of the bone marrows of adult pancytopenic patients admitted to the UTH.

Methods: A total of 45 bone marrow biopsies were collected over the study period. In all cases the indication was pancytopenia that had been confirmed by a full blood count done at the UTH and the biopsy site was either the anterior superior iliac spine or the posterior superior iliac spine. Demographic and clinical details were obtained using data collection sheets and from review of patient records. The collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. A Chi square test was used to measure association between categorical variables. A p value of < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.

Results: There were 32 females (71%) and 13 males (29%), and the age ranged from 15 to 72 years with an average age of 35 years. Forty percent (n=18) of t h e study participants had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and all of these all were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). There were 6 histologic patterns found the commonest being megaloblastosis seen in 38% of the patients, followed by malignancy and myelodysplasia both at 17.0%. Bone marrow aplasia accounted for 13.0%, non-megaloblastic erythroid hyperplasia accounted for nine percent and myelofibrosis for four percent. A chi square test was used to determine if there was association between each histomorphology and HIV status, the only significant result was obtained from the Chi test applied to HIV status and myelodysplasia which gave a p value of 0.026. The Chi square test involving the other histomorphologies all yielded a p value greater than 0.05.

Conclusion: The bone marrow biopsies of the study population showed six histomorphologic pictures which in order of frequency were megaloblastosis, malignancy and myelodysplasia, bone marrow hypoplasia, non-megaloblastic erythroid  hyperplasia and myelofibrosis. Association was found between HIV status and myelodysplasia via the Chi square test.
Maternal Outcomes and Factors Associated with Different Methods of Induction of Labour at the University Teaching Hospital - Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Mwiche Gideons , Ahmed Ahmed Y , Vwalika B
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To determine maternal outcomes and factors associated with different methods of induction of labour, prevalence of and induction to delivery time at the Women and Newborn Hospital of the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia.

Methods: A cross sectional study design was used with 147 women who met inclusion criteria recruited in the study. Convenience sampling was used to recruite study participants using an investigator admnistered data collection tool. Data analysis was stratified by method of induction of labour. Logistic regression was used to determine association between method of induction and maternal outcome. Association betweensociodemographic variables and maternal outcomes were analysed using crude odds ratios to determinestatistical significance. Simple logistic regression was then used to further analyse associations with p– values of less than< 0.05

Results: Results showed that in the majority of patients, labour was induced using misoprostol 122 (77.7%) in which most of whom 90 (83%) the vaginal route was used (73.8%) followed by the intracervical balloon catheter. Three (2%) patients suffered uterine hyper stimulation, eight (5.4%) had precipitate labour, one (0.7%) had uterine rupture while three (2%) of the patients had APH and PPH after induction of labour with misoprostol.Regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between uterine hyperstimulation ( p-value 0.503, CI 0.038 – 4.991), Precipitate labour (p value 0.702, CI 0.178 –12.951), antepartum haemorrhage ( p value 0.999) and post partum haemorrhage ( p value 0.999).There was no association between induction of labour using misoprostol and uterine rupture. There was no statistically significant association between Induction of labour using intracervical ballon catheter and uteine hyperstimulation ( p - value 0.635 CI 0.158 – 20.624), precipitate labour ( pvalue 0.827 CI 0.230 – 6.287), antepartum or post partum haemorrhage. There was no association between induction of labour using intracervical ballon catheter and uterine rupture ( p – value 1.00). Mean induction to delivery time using prostaglandins (misoprostol) was 15.2 hours with a range of 2.9 to 52.4 hours, 21.3 hours with intracervical balloon catheter with a range of 4.0 to 52.4 hours and 20.3 hours for membrane stripping with a range of 19.5 to 20.6 hours.

Conclusion: Induction of labour using either misoprostol or intracervical balloon catheter were not significantly associated with adverse maternal outcomes. There was no association between uterine rupture and induction of labour using either misoprostol or intracervical ballon catheter. The most common method of induction of labour used at the Women and Newborn Hospital involved use of misoprostol followed by the intracervical balloon catheter.
Inadequate Knowledge and Practice of Pharmacovigilance affecting Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting by Health Professionals in Private Healthcare Facilities in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Prashar Lavina , Jere Elimas , Kalungia Chichonyi Aubrey
Published: November 2022

Background:

There is currently insufficient information regarding the levels of knowledge and practice of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) reporting among healthcare professionals in Zambia.

Aim:

The study examined knowledge, attitude and reporting practices among medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses in private healthcare facilities in Lusaka, Zambia.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken. Data was collected using a selfadministered questionnaire assessing general knowledge, attitudes and practice of ADR reporting. A rated score was used to categorize knowledge as poor, average, or good. A Kruskal-Wallis H test followed by Bonferroni test was used to compare knowledge levels among medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses, respectively. To assess practice and attitude towards the ADR reporting,proportions were used to analyze responses to items in each of the respective domain.

Results:

General knowledge of ADR reporting among the medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses in the private sector was relatively low. A Kruskal-Wallis H test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in total score between thedifferent occupations, ÷ 2 (2) = 10.839, p = 0.004, with a mean rank score of 34.08 for pharmacists (n =18), 22.17 for doctors (n = 24) and 16.19 for nurses (n = 8). Low knowledge levels of ADR reporting were attributed to lack of pharmacovigilancetraining, with thirty nine (78%) of the participants indicating that they had never received any training on ADR reporting and thirty seven participants (74%) indicated that they had never reported an ADR. Factors that discouraged ADR reporting included: practitioner concern that the information reported may be wrong (46.8%); the level of clinicalknowledge to decide whether an ADR had occurred (46.8%); lack of time to complete the ADR report forms (36.2%); reporting generating extra work load (25.5%); and the perceived unimportance of reporting a recognized ADR believing it would make little difference to knowledge and practice (19.1%). The major factors that encouraged ADR reporting included: seriousness of the ADR (98%); unusual reactions (77.6%); adverse reaction to a new product (83.7%); confidence in diagnosis of an ADR (73.5%), and if the reaction was well recognized for a particular drug (67.3%). The training of personnel in private practice was major indicator for improvement of ADR reporting.

Conclusion:

Despite the relative positive attitudes indicated, low levels of knowledge due to lack of training was the main driver of ADR underreporting practice among private health practitioners that participated in this study.Addressing the knowledge and practice gaps identified will go a long way to further improveADR reporting rates and medication safety in private healthcare practice settings.
Visualisasi Data Terbuka Ketahanan dan Kerentanan Pangan Desa Uning Berawang Ramung Menggunakan Peta Tematik
Authors: Septima S Richasanty , Zulfa Ira , Ihsan Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Dengan jumlah penduduk sekitar 291 jiwa yang tersebar di dua dusun, desa Uning Berawang Ramung adalah salah satu desa yang tingkat ketahanan pangan dan kerentanan pangannya terletak dilevel 3, kurangnya kualitas pangan dan juga penuaan pada infrastruktur ditambah dengan kurangnya investasi dalam pembangunan infrastruktur dipandang sebagai penghalang utama untuk mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diharapkan. Dalam upaya meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dan gizi, sangat penting untuk memahami tentang siapa dan berapa banyak yang rentan terhadap kerawanan pangan dan gizi, dimana mereka tinggal dan apa yang membuat mereka rentan. Sejak tahun 2003, Pemerintah Indonesia bekerja sama dengan salah satu Badan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, World Food Programme (WFP), untuk memperkuat pemahaman melalui pengembangan peta ketahanan pangan dan gizi. Peta ini berfungsi sebagai alat yang ampuh untuk meningkatkan pencapaian sasaran dan memberi informasi kepada proses pembuatan kebijakan di bidang ketahanan pangan dan gizi Pembuatan peta ketahanan dan kerentanan pangan didasarkan  pada kerangka konseptual ketahanan pangan dan gizi yang dibangun berdasarkan tiga pilar ketahanan pangan yaitu ketersediaan pangan, akses pangan dan pemanfaatan pangan serta mengintegrasikan gizi dan kerentanan di dalam keseluruhan pilar tersebut. Kerentanan dalam peta ini merujuk pada kerentanan terhadap kerawanan pangan dan gizi. Tingkat kerawanan individu, rumah tangga atau kelompok masyarakat yang ditentukan oleh pemahaman terhadap faktor-faktor risiko dan kemampuan untuk mengatasi situasi tertekan.
Algorithms for Finding Unitals and Maximal Arcs in Projective Planes of Order 16
Authors: Stoichev Stoicho
Published: November 2022

Two heuristic algorithms (M65 and M52) for finding respectively unitals and maximal arcs in projective planes of order 16 are described. The exact algorithms based on exhaustive search are impractical because of the combinatorial explosion (huge number of combinations to be checked). Algorithms M65 and M52 use unions of orbits of di erent subgroups of the automorphism group of the 273x273 bipartite graph of the projective plane. Two very efficient algorithms (developed by the author and not described here) are used in M65 and M52: (i) algorithm VSEPARN for computing the generators, orbits and order of the graph automorphism group; (ii) graph isomorphism algorithm derived from VSEPARN. Four properties are proved and used to speed up the algorithms M65 and M52. The results of these algorithms are published. After changing only the parameters of these algorithms they can be used for determining unitals in projective planes of different orders.