bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a vaccine distribution network between county towns
Authors: Seprényi Kitti , Veres Péter , Cservenák Ákos
Published: July 2023

Without the cold-chain network, it would be impossible in today's world to transport large quantities of perishable goods, primarily food and medicine, over long distances, but it is still very important that the necessary materials reach their destination on time and with adequate cooling. This is absolutely true for the vaccines created to stop the Covid-19 pandemic, which had to be distributed quickly and at certain storage temperatures to all parts of the world. This is a rather difficult task with NP-hard complexity. In this research, we are investigating the optimal way to get from a distribution center in Budapest to the county towns with transport vehicles, so that neither the vaccines deteriorate, nor we violate regulations. For this, we used vehicle route planning principles and Excel-Solver software.
Use and impact of Kahoot in logistics education
Authors: Cservenák Ákos
Published: July 2023

Nowadays, the younger university students are increasingly using digital solutions, therefore teachers should turn to these solutions as well. One of the tools for this is to use an online platform instead of paper-based solutions for short end-of-class assessments. There are several such available software on the market, and this paper presents the use and results of Kahoot through two case studies. The details of the case studies also show the impact in logistics education.
Amatör Futbolcuların Sporda Ahlaktan Uzaklaşma ile Spor Duygu Durumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYA Didem Gülçin , AYAN Büşra Nur , OCAK Yücel
Published: July 2023

Bu araştırmada, Afyonkarahisar ilinde bir spor kulübünde futbol oynayan amatör futbolcuların sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma davranışlarının ve duygu durumlarının belirlenerek bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, genel tarama ve ilişkisel tarama modelinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu, amatör spor kulüplerinde aktif futbol oynayan 18-30 yaş aralığındaki toplam 102 sporcu oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Sporda Ahlaktan Uzaklaşma Ölçeği Kısa Formu” ve “Spor Duygu Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, futbolcuların demografik özelliklerini belirlemede tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden frekans ve yüzde; ilişkisiz ölçümlerde ortalama puanların karşılaştırılması için Varyans analizi (tek yönlü ANOVA, bağımsız örneklem t-testi), anlamlı farklılığın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için ise Tukey testinden yararlanılmıştır. İki değişken arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla ise Pearson Korelasyon Çarpımı testinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, bekar futbolcuların evlilere, 21-23 yaşındaki katılımcıların da 18-20 ve 24-26 yaş grubundakilere göre daha kaygılı ve öfkeli oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bekar futbolcuların evlilere göre daha fazla sporda ahlaktan uzaklaştığı belirlenmiştir. Spor özgeçmişine göre ise deneyim arttıkça öfke duygusunun da aşamalı olarak azaldığı dikkat çekmiştir. Nitekim spor duygu durumlarının ahlaktan uzaklaşma ile arasında bir ilişki olduğu kaydedilmiştir.
Reglamentos de la escuela pública en Entre Ríos (1849-1853)
Authors: Villagra María Iris
Published: July 2023

El gobierno de la provincia de Entre Ríos hacia fines de la década de 1840 tomó una serie de medidas para organizar la instrucción pública y privada de primeras letras. Sancionó un reglamento que dictaba la creación de una Junta Directora de Escuelas para toda la provincia y destinó una gran cantidad de recursos para edificios escolares, sueldos de maestros, libros y útiles. Un año después de conformada la Junta, fue nombrado Marco Sastre como Inspector de escuelas, quien redactó en 1852 el Reglamento general para las escuelas de educación primaria, que complementaba al reglamento de 1849, estableciendo las pautas para el desarrollo de la vida escolar y del método de enseñanza. En este trabajo se analizan y describen estos reglamentos para reconocer las características que a criterio del gobierno provincial debía tener la educación y la vida escolar. Además, se reconstruyen algunas de las actuaciones de La Junta Directora como administradora de las escuelas y sus recursos.
sindicalismo de la agricultura familiar en el sur de Brasil en el escenario reciente
Authors: Picolotto Everton , Lazzaretti Mateus
Published: July 2023

El objetivo es analizar el sindicalismo de la agricultura familiar a través del estudio de la actuación y estructura de la Federación de Trabajadores de la Agricultura Familiar (FETRAF) durante los gobiernos del Partido de los Trabajadores y los cambios durante los últimos gobiernos de derecha (2016-2022), en un escenario de escasez de políticas públicas y alejamiento del gobierno, observar cómo la FETRAF en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul se ha adaptado a los cambios, cómo atiende las demandas de su base y analizar su relación con el Estado. La base teórico-metodológica es la teoría de los movimientos sociales y su relación con el Estado, analizando documentos y entrevistas a dirigentes sindicales. Los resultados muestran que el sindicalismo, aunque con dificultades, ha logrado reagrupar bases y realizar algunas acciones.
Reaparición y sostenimiento de ollas comunes en Perú: Crisis alimentaria y respuesta comunitaria
Authors: Caycay Renzo
Published: July 2023

Después de la emergencia sanitaria de la COVID-19, Perú atraviesa una importante crisis alimentaria que hace pertinentes las iniciativas populares y comunitarias contra el hambre. Esta investigación analiza la reaparición de ollas comunes en Perú a partir del caso de las ollas registradas institucionalmente en la provincia de Chiclayo, en la costa norte peruana. La principal diferencia de nuestros resultados respecto a los estudios de ollas comunes en la capital, Lima, es el momento avanzado de la crisis alimentaria en que recabamos la información. Para octubre de 2022 no encontramos en Chiclayo ollas típicamente ideales que, según su noción consensuada, surgen de manera espontánea y funcionan mediante autogestión. En su lugar reportamos la organización de ollas comunes por influencia de agentes externos. La gestión de la crisis alimentaria y las demandas generadas por las propias ollas habilitan una serie de abordajes institucionales y recursos que reformulan el significado inicial de una olla común. Los discursos, materiales, imágenes y experiencias territoriales resultantes de estos abordajes permiten a las dirigentas de provincia establecer estrategias para el sostenimiento y permanencia de la organización con actividades pensadas no a corto, sino a mediano y largo plazo.
Studi Komparatif Implementasi Manajemen Pembelajaran Daring Pada Satuan Pendidikan Formal dan Nonformal
Authors: Lelatobur Lovely Ezverenzha , Nurwidayati Pityarini , Satyawati Sophia Tri
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe the performance of POAC management functions in the online learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic at Satya Wacana Christian High School Salatiga and PKBM Life Community School West Jakarta. The research method used a descriptive with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were teachers in each of the research schools. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, and literature studies. The data analysis technique of this research was interactive analysis consisting of data reduction, data display, conclusion and verification. Results showed that each school's POAC stage of online learning implementation faced challenges. However, all stakeholders' synergy and active roles were deployed to overcome the challenge in each stage by providing teachers with the necessary equipment, training, and access to the internet for the learning process. Problems found during the process were learners' focus, material delivery methods that cause boredom, inadequate software, gadgets, and internet connection. Some solutions implemented are modifying the learning approach from teacher-centred to student-centred, modules, presentations, questions and answers, projects, and parents' involvement are also provided to manage the problems.
The Profile of Creative Thinking Skills of Junior High School Students in Science Learning About Alternative Energy
Authors: Amaliyah Fitri , Supeno Supeno , Wahyuni Sri
Published: July 2023

This research aims to explore junior high school students' creative thinking skill profile in science learning about alternative energy. This research was a quantitative descriptive essay test method. Respondents were 128 7th-grade junior high school students in Jember, East Java, Indonesia. The essay test consists of eight open-ended questions. Every indicator of creative thinking skill consists of two questions number. The Test score would be analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistic 23 using descriptive analyses, frequency analyses, one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, validity tests by Pearson correlation, reliability tests, linearity tests, and regression analyses. The results showed that the creative thinking skills of junior high school students were unsatisfactory. Creative thinking skills still need improvement in science learning. Some students had challenges finding and designing a unique creative work on alternative energy. The results of this study implied that creative thinking skills must improve by developing learning methods, strategies, activities, approaches, media, context, and interaction in the discussion process.
Pendidikan Informal sebagai Upaya Pelestarian Perkawinan Endogami (Studi Kasus di Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan, Bali)
Authors: Nursanti Ni Nyoman Putri , Wilodati Wilodati , Komariah Siti
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe informal education as an effort to preserve endogamous marriages in the Tenganan Pegringsingan Traditional Village Bali. This study used a case study method with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were the heads (Kliang) of the Tenganan Pegringsingan Traditional Village, community leaders, and the natives of Tenganan (krama desa). Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique was interactive analysis through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicated that efforts to preserve endogamous marriage in the Traditional Village of Tenganan Pegringsingan Bali, could be done by implementing informal education reflected in the materuna nyoman and madaha rituals. This effort is meant for guiding children who are about to embark on adolescence so that they understand ethics, customs, norms, manners, system of governance, traditional village areas, and ceremonies held in the Tenganan Pegringsingan Traditional Village, and so that they are ready to move on to the next stages of life: adolescence, adulthood, and then marriage. Through these rituals, children were prepared to become village krama (natives of Tenganan), responsible for maintaining and following the traditional village's rules from an early age. Therefore, this process is expected to form a strong mentality so that the younger generation can preserve their key local wisdom, namely endogamous marriage.
The Application of the Character Values of the Local Sipakatau Sipakainge Sipakalebbi to Enhance Students' Empathy through the Rational Building Model
Authors: Amiruddin Asmaul Husnah , Sundawa Dadang , Ratmaningsih Neiny
Published: July 2023

This research aims to analyze the application of the character values of the local Sipakatau Sipakainge Sipakalebbi (3S) to enhance student empathy in Social Sciences through the rational building model. The research method used was experiment quasi with a noninvasive or non-equitable control group design. This research used a questionnaire and an observation sheet as instruments that have been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used the prerequisite test, namely the normality and homogeneity tests, and hypothesis testing using the paired sample t-test analyzed using SPSS For Mac 25. Based on this study's results, applying the character values based on the local Sipakatau Sipakainge Sipakalebbi (3S) through the rational building model in Social Science lessons can enhance the student's empathy. The research revealed that applying Sipakatau Sipakainge Sipakalebbi (3S) local prudence values through the modeling rational building is well applicable. Based on pre-test and post-test results, students' empathy in the experimental class is enhanced to the "high" category.
Peran Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Sebagai Upaya untuk Meminimalisir Bullying di Sekolah
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Widiana I Wayan , Ratnaya I Gede
Published: July 2023

The research aims to analyze the role of guidance and counseling teachers in minimizing bullying in schools. The research method used a systematic literature review with a qualitative approach. The data source of this research were obtained from articles and books that discussed bullying and the role of teachers. Data analysis techniques in this study used content or content analysis. The results of this study indicated that teacher guidance and counseling played a central role in preventing bullying behavior in schools. This role is clearly stated in the implementation of the independent curriculum. In addition, guidance and counseling teachers must actively provide services to students in preventive and curative efforts to prevent bullying.
The Relevance of Warahan Teaching Material in Developing Character Education Value for the Language Class
Authors: Fitriati Siti , Nuruddin Nuruddin , Leiliyanti Eva
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the relevance and feasibility of Warahan's teaching materials in developing character education values for language classes. This study used a qualitative approach with content analysis methods. The data was taken from the warahan literature, still developing in the Jabung Lampung community, with as many as seven warahan stories. Data were collected through observation and interviews with seven community leaders, traditional leaders, and ten language teachers at secondary schools in Jabung regarding their understanding of warahan oral literature. Data analysis techniques included (1) problem formulation, (2) selection or categorization of data sources, (3) elaboration of data categories based on operational definitions, (4) reliability checking, (5) data analysis, research, reports, and evaluation of research results. From the results of data analysis, it is concluded that written and oral literature is appropriate for use as teaching material in language classes and is relevant to current conditions in developing character education values that the government has set. Of the seven warahan stories analyzed, three main values were found in character education: religious, social, and humanist values (humanity). Of the three main character education values, 17 were found, including religious, sacrifice, polytheistic, mutual respect, trust, patience, lack of sympathy, courage, unyielding, and careless values. Value of Pride, Value of Caring, Value of Not Caring, Value of Cooperation, Value of Honesty, Value of Responsibility, and Value of Innovation and Creativity.
Analysis of the Needs for the Development of Moodle LMS-Based Interactive Learning Media in High School Physics Subjects
Authors: Chasani Akrom , Yennita Yennita
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this research is to develop of Moodle LMS-Based interactive learning media at SMAIT Ulil Albab Batam Class XI in physics subject. The research used descriptive method which aims to capture and present the desired facts, realities, symptoms, and events appropriately. The research involved 48 SMAIT Ulil Albab Batam students and 31 Physics MGMP subject teachers in Batam City.  The questionnaire developed consisted of 18 question items for students and 19 question items for teachers based on four indicators then analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The result showed that the average 3.40 for students and average 3.38 for teachers which is categorized as very high, it is necessary to develop interactive learning media as learning media.
The Unique Relationship between Neuro-Critical Care and Critical Illness-Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency : Implications for Neurosurgeons in Neuro-Critical Care
Authors: Choo Yoon Hee , Kim Moinay , Kim Jae Hyun , Jeon Hanwool , Jung Hee-Won , Ha Eun Jin , Oh Jiwoong , Shim Youngbo , Kim Seung Bin , Jung Han-Gil , Park So Hee , Kim Jung Ook , Kim Junhyung , Kim Hyeseon , Lee Seungjoo
Published: July 2023

The brain houses vital hormonal regulatory structures such as the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which may confer unique susceptibilities to critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in patients with neurological disorders. In addition, the frequent use of steroids for therapeutic purposes in various neurological conditions may lead to the development of steroid insufficiency. This abstract aims to highlight the significance of understanding these relationships in the context of patient care and management for physicians. Neurological disorders may predispose patients to CIRCI due to the role of the brain in hormonal regulation. Early recognition of CIRCI in the context of neurological diseases is essential to ensure prompt and appropriate intervention. Moreover, the frequent use of steroids for treating neurological conditions can contribute to the development of steroid insufficiency, further complicating the clinical picture. Physicians must be aware of these unique interactions and be prepared to evaluate and manage patients with CIRCI and steroid insufficiency in the context of neurological disorders. This includes timely diagnosis, appropriate steroid administration, and careful monitoring for potential adverse effects. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between neurological disease, CIRCI, and steroid insufficiency is critical for optimizing patient care and outcomes in this complex patient population.
Epiretinal Membrane of Combined Hamartoma of Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Versus Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane
Authors: Kim Dae Yong , Park Jung Min
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the postoperative changes in macular vessel density and the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in the epiretinal membrane (ERM) of a combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE). And we compared these results with those of idiopathic ERM.Method: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 15 patients (15 eyes) with an epiretinal membrane of a CHRRPE, and 21 patients (21 eyes) with idiopathic ERM who were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and removal of the ERM. The best corrected visual acuity, central macula thickness, foveal and perifoveal vessel density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and mfERG rings 1 and 2 P1 amplitudes were analyzed before and 6 months after ERM removal.Results: The average macular vessel density in the CHRRPE with ERM was reduced (p = 0.047) compared to an idiopathic epiretinal membrane, but the central foveal vessel density was significantly increased (p = 0.003). In CHRRPE, the preoperative FAZ was significantly reduced, and while it increased significantly 6 months postoperatively. After removing the ERM, the P1 amplitude increased significantly on mfERG, but there was no significant difference compared to the idiopathic ERM.Conclusions: The macular mean superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vascular density was reduced in CHRRPE and the foveal SCP vascular density and FAZ were increased. Considering the increased size of the FAZ area after surgery, physical removal of the ERM affected the structural recovery of the fovea, but resulted in no significant improvement of the macular superficial microvascular system.
Subjective Eye Health Status by Extent of Internet and Smartphone Use by Korean Adolescents
Authors: Seo Bo Kang , Moon Jong Won , Lee Donghun
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To explore the subjective eye health status of Korean adolescents by the extent of Internet use in 2009-2010 and smartphone use in 2020.Methods: We secondarily analyzed the results of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey performed by the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency that enrolled Korean adolescents aged 12-18 years. Changes in internet use time from 2009 to 2019 and smartphone use in 2020 were examined. Questionnaires exploring subjective eye health were administered in 2009, 2010, and 2020. We performed complex logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 748,490 subjects were enrolled. Korean adolescents used the Internet for an average of 2.48 hours (h) on weekdays and 4.06 h on weekends in 2019, thus significantly more than the 2009 averages of 1.93 h on weekdays and 2.96 h on weekends (both p < 0.001). In 2009 and 2010, the average internet use time on weekends significantly and positively correlated with subjective eye problems (odds ratio = 1.161, p < 0.001). The average smartphone use time was 4.72 h on weekdays and 6.56 h on weekends in 2020. In that year, the average smartphone use time on weekends (odds ratio = 1.049, p < 0.001) and smartphone overdependence (odds ratio = 8.636, p < 0.001) significantly and positively correlated with the presence of subjective health problems.Conclusions: Internet and smartphone use time on weekends affect subjective eye health.
Korean Versions of the Reading Test and Visual Perception Test for Children Treated for Unilateral Amblyopia
Authors: Che Song-a , Yoo Yung-Ju
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Reading speed and visual perception are used to evaluate visual function in children with amblyopia. This study used standardized tests to evaluate binocular reading performance and visual motor function in children treated for unilateral refractive amblyopia.Methods: In a prospective pilot study, reading and visual perception were evaluated in children aged 5-12 years who were diagnosed with unilateral refractive amblyopia between September 2020 and March 2021. To evaluate reading skills, the Readability Diagnostic Assessment and Korean Language-based Reading Assessment (KOLRA) were administered. The Korean version of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception-Third Edition (K-DTVP-3) test was used to evaluate visual perception function.Results: Reading ability and visual perception function were evaluated in 10 patients with unilateral refractive amblyopia. In the reading fluency test, the average reading speed of the patients was 185 ± 78.2 words per minute (WPM), and did not differ from that of the control group provided by KOLRA (p > 0.05). The general visual perception score was not significantly different from that of the controls. Among subtests of the K-DTVP-3, the hand coordination and figure-background tests scored 32.3 ± 17.7% and 29.9 ± 18.7%, respectively, lower than 50% of the normal average. The scores of the eye-hand coordination (r2 = 0.585, p = 0.01) and figure-background (r2 = 0.482, p = 0.03) tests were significantly correlated with the subject’s best-corrected visual acuity.Conclusions: In this study, there was no significant difference in reading fluency between the patients and controls. Among the K-DTVP-3 subtests, the average scores of the hand coordination and figure-background tests were lower than normal. Further studies are required to determine whether the reading fluency test and K-DTVP-3 reflect visual perception deficits in amblyopic patients.
Ophthalmic Features 5 Years after Cranioplasty in Children with Unilateral Coronal Craniosynostosis
Authors: Yeo Suji , Chung Seung Ah
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To investigate ocular asymmetry status 5 years after cranioplasty in children with unilateral coronal craniosynostosis.Methods: The medical records of 41 children who underwent cranioplasty at a mean age of 11.7 months were retrospectively reviewed. The cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) and the amount of head tilt were measured on images obtained before cranioplasty. Presence of anisometropia, aniso-astigmatism, amblyopia, and strabismus was evaluated at a mean age of 6.8 years. Correlations among the CVAI, direction of synostotic suture and ocular asymmetries were analyzed.Results: Before cranioplasty, the CVAI was 4.5%; 31 of 41 patients (75.6%) exhibited head tilting, which was contralateral to the synostotic suture site in 29 of these patients. At a mean of 5.6 years after cranioplasty, anisometropia of ≥ 1.00 diopters on the spherical equivalent was present in 9 patients (22.0%) and aniso-astigmatism of ≥ 1.00 diopters in 10 patients (24.4%). Amblyopia was in 15 patients (36.6%); the eye contralateral to the synostotic suture was more frequently affected, and anisometropic amblyopia was the most common subtype. Strabismus was present in 28 patients (68.3%); exodeviation and vertical deviation were the most common subtypes. The non-dominant eye was the eye ipsilateral to the synostotic suture in 12 of 13 patients (92.3%) with simulated superior oblique palsy and in 7 of 10 patients (70.0%) with dissociated vertical deviation. In children with CVAI of ≥ 5%, anisometropia was significantly more common than in other children (p = 0.04), but we found no relationship between any other type of ocular asymmetry and a high CVAI.Conclusions: Ocular asymmetries including anisometropia, aniso-astigmatism, amblyopia, and strabismus were observed even 5 years after successful cranioplasty treatment for unilateral coronal craniosynostosis, emphasizing the need for continuous ophthalmic follow-up.
Tectonic Keratoplasty Using Acellular Preserved Human Cornea for the Inciting Eye in Sympathetic Ophthalmia
Authors: Ha Dong Hee , Yeo Joon Hyung , Kim Kyoung Woo
Published: July 2023

Purpose: We report a case of sympathetic ophthalmia in which the inciting eye was treated with a tectonic keratoplasty using acellular preserved human cornea.Case summary: A 68-year-old man whose left eye was injured by a nail visited our institute complaining of a recent decrease in bilateral vision. The best corrected visual acuity was 0.32 for the right eye and 0.16 for the left. On slit-lamp examination, a superior peripheral corneal perforation with no wound leakage due to iris plugging was seen in the left eye (i.e., the inciting eye). The right eye (i.e., the sympathizing eye) had mutton-fat keratic precipitates and copious fibrinoid strands in the anterior chamber. Bilateral exudative retinal detachment with choroidal folds was prominent in both eyes. The next day, the necrotic iris lump was removed from the inciting eye and adhesiolysis of the iris and tectonic keratoplasty using acellular preserved human cornea were performed. Systemic steroid was started immediately postoperatively. The exudative retinal detachment improved in both eyes and cataract surgery was undertaken for the inciting eye 4 months later. Twenty-one months after the initial visit, the uncorrected visual acuity was 1.0 in the inciting eye, and both eyes had a sunset glow fundus appearance, without optic atrophy or recurrent chorioretinitis.Conclusions: Tectonic keratoplasty using acellular preserved human cornea with anti-inflammatory treatment may be a favorable therapeutic option for the inciting eye with peripheral corneal perforation in sympathetic ophthalmia.
Perfil epidemiológico de hospitalizações por asma no Estado de Roraima: análise de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS)
Authors: Ferreira Wellington Fernando da Silva , Bridi Aline Lopes da Silva , Siczkoriz Natalli Tedesco , Reis Denny Rafael Perusso dos , Oliveira Elia Machado de , Dutra Denecir de Almeida
Published: July 2023

Objetivo:  Descrever parte do perfil epidemiológico comparando dados de internações e óbitos por asma no Estado de Roraima-RR entre os anos de 2018 a 2022 com dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo epidemiológico retrospectivo, baseado em dados secundários, proveniente do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH), no DATASUS.  Resultados:  Foram catalogadas 667 internações hospitalares por ‘’Asma’’ CID: (J45 e J46), considerando hospitais públicos e privados, e todas as categorias de atendimento. A cor/raça, predominantemente apontada foi a ‘’parda’’ e a variável ‘’sem informação’’.  Os gêneros evidenciados nas internações nestes períodos, sobressaíram ao sexo masculino. Quanto à faixa etária, entre 1 a 4 anos, apresentaram maior quantitativo de internações, seguida  da  faixa  etária  de  5 a 9 anos. Apresentou-se ainda, as variáveis referentes à média de permanência de hospitalizações, os valores de serviços hospitalares, valores  médios de internações. No período levantado, foram registrados 05 óbitos, com variáveis distintas das descritas nas internações, como predominância dos óbitos ao gênero feminino e faixa etária diversas. Conclusão: Os asmáticos devem ser diagnosticados e acompanhados pelas equipes de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). A asma não tem cura, mas o tratamento visa alcançar e manter o controle da doença, com medicação possível, e melhorar a qualidade de vida. Percebe-se, a atual lacuna dos serviços de saúde quanto à prevenção de uma patologia controlável, bem como a necessidade de fomentar a compreensão do perfil epidemiológico da patologia pós emergência global pandêmica.
Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de recém-nascidos internos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Steffany Aquino de , Alves Marina Daniele Sousa , Sousa Letícia Graziela Lopes França , Melo Ingrid da Silva , Leandro Alan Carvalho , Ferreira Thaís Alves de Paiva , Loiola Kátya Coeli da Costa
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: delinear o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de recém-nascidos internos em uma unidade SARS-CoV-2 na cidade de Teresina. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo de cunho quantitativo, descritivo, retrospectivo de revisão de prontuário realizado em uma maternidade pública localizada na cidade de Teresina-PI. Foram englobados prontuários de recém-nascidos de ambos os sexos com histórico materno de infecção por coronavírus. Foram excluídos prontuários com muitos dados incompletos (acima de 20) e prontuários de recém-nascidos internos na unidade sem histórico materno de COVID-19. Resultados: A amostra total desse estudo foi composta por 63 prontuários de pacientes que atenderam aos critérios estabelecidos, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (52,4%; n=33), sem presença de malformações (84,1%; n=53), pré- termo (82,5%; n=52), com peso adequado para a idade gestacional (73,0%) e com grau de desconforto moderado no Boletim Silvermam-andersen -BSA (65,1%; n=41). As principais manifestações clínicas dos pacientes internados nessa unidade neocovid foram febre (19,0%;n=12) e dispneia (15,9%;n=10). Além disso, a pesquisa revela que o parto prematuro e as dificuldades respiratórias são possíveis complicações decorrentes da gravidez de mulheres com COVID-19. Foram observadas também taxas altas de parto cesariano. A necessidade de suporte ventilatório dos neonatos pode estar associada a prematuridade e não à infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Por se tratar de uma doença que ainda não teve todos os seus mecanismos revelados, é importante ressaltar a realização de novos etudos comparativos.
Habitat use of the northern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus near Jan Mayen, North Atlantic
Authors: Woo KY , Isojunno S , Miller PJO
Published: July 2023

Habitat use of the northern bottlenose whaleHyperoodon ampullatusin the Northeast Atlantic is poorly understood. This study aimed to identify locally utilised habitat features and create predictions of northern bottlenose whale habitat use over a wider area around the island of Jan Mayen, Norway. Bottlenose whales were sighted regularly near Jan Mayen in June 2014-2016 at higher rates than over a wider study region reported in other studies, indicating that the Jan Mayen habitat may be a hotspot of bottlenose whale presence in early boreal summer. Habitat models were created by fitting generalised additive models of selected environmental variables to sighting occurrence and additional whale sightings given a first encounter (total number of sightings - 1) recorded in June 2014-2016. Higher occurrence was estimated at steeper topography and April-average chlorophyll concentration below 0.4 mg m-3. Additional whale sightings given a first encounter were predicted to be higher at water depths (<1000 m) with steep topography, and deeper water (depths between 1300 and 2000 m) with a gentle seafloor slope. Spatial predictions largely corresponded with field observations that indicated high usage around the submarine canyon regions in the east and southeast of Jan Mayen Island. This study highlights the likely importance of steep and deep bathymetric features in shaping patterns of habitat use of this deep-diving species. Predictions of habitat use over a wider area not covered by the analysed surveys require validation; however, these data could inform conservation and management efforts to minimise spatial overlap between potential high-use areas and potentially disruptive anthropogenic activities.
Palladio: Citta ideale
Authors: Farkas Julianna
Published: July 2023

Tanulmányom fókuszában alapvetően nem az építészeti megoldások állnak, bár a témából adódóan természetesen ezekre is kitértem, sokkal inkább arra voltam kíváncsi, hogy milyen eszmények, értékrendszerek, kulturális hatások álltak ezen építészeti eszközök alkalmazásának hátterében. Írásomban a következő kérdésekre kerestem a választ: Mit jelent az ideális város a reneszánszban, mit jelent Palladio műveiben? Milyen szemlélet áll mindennek a hátterében és miben tükröződik ez vissza? Honnan merítette Palladio az építészeti eszményeit, miért érdeklődtek a művei iránt oly intenzíven a későbbi történelmi korszakokban is? A téma megértéséhez megvizsgáltam az érett reneszánsz korszakának szellemi, kulturális, városépítészeti sajátosságait, áttekintettem azokat a hatásrendszereket, amelyek Palladio gondolkodására és művészi kifejezésmódjára meghatározók voltak. Elsősorban az ókori építész és teoretikus, Vitruvius elméleti munkáját tanulmányoztam, hiszen alapmű volt általában véve a reneszánsz építészek, így Palladio számára is.  Ezek után a reneszánsz alkotó, Leon Battista Alberti munkásságát és összefoglaló építészeti művét mutattam be, hiszen Palladióra nagy valószínűséggel ő volt a legnagyobb hatással. A reneszánsz ideális város egy megvalósult példája volt Bernardo Rossellino városépítő műve, aki II. Pius pápától kapta a megbízatást egy tökéletes város felépítésére, amely a pápa nevét kapta, s így lett Pienza. Palladiónak először a teoretikus munkásságáról írtam, majd az általa elképzelt ideális várost, Vicenzát mutattam be, az általa épített, legfontosabb épületek elemzésével. Végül Palladio hatására hívtam fel a figyelmet, vagyis a palladianizmus jelenségére Európában és Észak-Amerikában. Célom, a szakirodalmi elemzés és saját tapasztalataim alapján az egyes korszakokon átívelő eszmék művészi kifejezésének vizsgálata volt, egy konkrét művész, Palladio tevékenységén keresztül.
A comparable corpus-based study of phrasal verbs in academic writing by English and Chinese scholars across disciplines
Authors: Gao Xia
Published: July 2023

This paper reports on a comparative investigation into the differences and similarities in the use of phrasal verbs (pvs) by L1 English and L1 Chinese scholars (ess and css) in academic English writing. Using a corpus of research articles from the fields of Physics, Computer Science, Linguistics and Management written by ess and css, we present data to reveal that: ( i) pvs are used in both css’ and ess’ research articles across disciplines; ( ii) there are significant differences in the use of pvs between css and ess, with css employing pvs less frequently than ess in both types and tokens; ( iii) disciplinary variations have been detected – research articles in soft science disciplines (Linguistics and Management) deploy significantly more pvs and the tendency is particularly so in ess’ research articles; ( iv) both css and ess use the ‘Verb + Adverbial particle + np’ or ‘Verb + np + Adverbial particle’ pattern and the ‘Verb + Preposition + np’ pattern most frequently; and ( v) the majority of the most frequent pvs are shared by css and ess and used in their metaphorical senses. Qualitative analyses of the four selected items demonstrate that the co-selection between the collocating nouns and the structural patterns of pvs decides the senses being realised. These findings shed light on teaching academic writing and provide writers with some guidance on verb choices.
Towards increased reliability and transparency in projects with manual linguistic coding
Authors: Hober Nicole , Dixon Tülay , Larsson Tove
Published: July 2023

Manually coded data form the basis of many of our analyses in corpus linguistics. It is thus imperative that we work towards increased reliability and enhanced transparency in our coding practices, since failing to do so may ultimately lead us to draw erroneous conclusions about language. Using spoken data from a study on adverb usage for illustration, this methods paper discusses some strategies for identifying threats to the reliability of our coding and offers suggestions for how to mitigate these and ensure that our coding can be assessed and replicated. The paper also includes suggestions for best practices for manual linguistic coding and concludes with a discussion of the benefits of such practices. With this paper, we expand on the ongoing discussions in the field on issues of reliability and transparency as they relate to manual coding. We argue that while tests of inter-rater reliability offer a helpful starting point, further steps are needed to ensure increased reliability and transparency.
Public buying behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: the influence of attitude and perceived social norms from a presumed media influence perspective
Authors: Goh Tong Jee , Ho Shirley S.
Published: July 2023

Episodes of mass buying occurred in many parts of the world during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. This study applied the influence of presumed media influence model (IPMI) model to examine the development of intention to make more purchases during the pandemic in Singapore. The results, which were based on a sample of 1,007 Singaporeans, showed that presumption of media influence on others positively predicted intention to make more purchases, through attitude toward making more purchases and perceived subjective norms of making more purchases. These psychological and behavioral outcomes were associated with people's attention to media content that reflected the mass-buying episodes in Singapore and the government's attempt at assuring citizens that the country maintains an ample supply of goods during the pandemic. The positive associations in the IPMI model lend a media and communication perspective to explain the common proposition that consumers reacted to the social norms of making more purchases during the pandemic. The theoretical implications for future IPMI studies and practical implications for key stakeholders are discussed.
Individualistic and collective causal knowledge structures for understanding sequential and emergent processes
Authors: Chi Michelene T. H.
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a unifying account for why many biological, ecological and other science processes that are taught in school curricula and those occurring in our everyday environment (such as the spread of Covid19) are particularly difficult for students to understand. These often-misconceived processes are Emergent processes. The hypothesis is that students bring the perspective of Individualistic (a form of linear) thinking suitable for understanding Sequential processes, to explain Emergent processes, instead of the more appropriate perspective of Collective (a form of systems) thinking, thereby resulting in misunderstanding. This paper describes a framework called PAIR-C that defines the causal knowledge structures underlying both Individualistic and Collective thinking needed for understanding many science processes. PAIR-C explains why students generate misconceptions; shows how the Collective causal structure can help understand many Emergent processes; and suggests a new instructional approach.
Tree size variation induced by stand age mainly regulates aboveground biomass across three major stands of temperate forests in South Korea
Authors: Lee Yong-Ju , Lee Chang-Bae , Lee Min-Ki
Published: July 2023

Forest biomass and biodiversity are the most important elements of forest functions and ecosystem services. In this study, we explore the possibilities and ways to enhance ecosystem functions and services related to biomass and biodiversity. Biotic drivers (i.e., species, phylogenetic and functional diversity, stand structural attributes, and community-weighted mean of trait values), abiotic drivers (i.e., topography and climate), and stand age were extracted as independent variables to explain aboveground biomass (AGB). Using South Korea’s 7th National Forest Inventory data, we analyzed 2,070 plots belonging to the natural forests consisting of 394 plots (19.0%) of coniferous stands, 829 plots (40.0%) of broadleaved stands, and 847 plots (40.9%) of mixed stands. Multimodel inference test and model-averaging approaches were conducted to determine the most significant control variables on AGB in each stand type, and piecewise structural equation modeling was conducted to quantify the relationships and directions between the variables. Abiotic drivers, including stand age and climate moisture index, control tree size variation in all stand types, but biotic drivers control AGB through different mechanisms depending on the stand type. Our results show that there were differences in the composition of variables for controlling AGB among stand types. Across all forest types and total stands, we found that increasing the tree size variation is the key driver of increasing AGB as stand age increases. Our study suggests that forest carbon accumulation by stand type can be enhanced if the key drivers of each stand type are properly managed across forest succession, and different forest management plans that consider different regulation factors among stand types are required. Moreover, it is important to adapt resource use patterns for each stand type with considering environmental conditions to maintain healthy and sustainable forests.
Role of mitochondria-bound HK2 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Authors: Torres Alyssa , Kang Sarah , Mahony Christopher B. , Cedeño Martha , Oliveira Patricia G. , Fernandez-Bustamante Marta , Kemble Samuel , Laragione Teresina , Gulko Percio S. , Croft Adam P. , Sanchez-Lopez Elsa , Miyamoto Shigeki , Guma Monica
Published: July 2023

Background

Glucose metabolism, specifically, hexokinase 2 (HK2), has a critical role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) phenotype. HK2 localizes not only in the cytosol but also in the mitochondria, where it protects mitochondria against stress. We hypothesize that mitochondria-bound HK2 is a key regulator of RA FLS phenotype.

Methods

HK2 localization was evaluated by confocal microscopy after FLS stimulation. RA FLSs were infected with Green fluorescent protein (GFP), full-length (FL)–HK2, or HK2 lacking its mitochondrial binding motif (HK2ΔN) expressing adenovirus (Ad). RA FLS was also incubated with methyl jasmonate (MJ; 2.5 mM), tofacitinib (1 µM), or methotrexate (1 µM). RA FLS was tested for migration and invasion and gene expression. Gene associations with HK2 expression were identified by examining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from murine models of arthritis. Mice were injected with K/BxN serum and given MJ. Ad-FLHK2 or Ad-HK2ΔN was injected into the knee of wild-type mice.

Results

Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation induced HK2 mitochondrial translocation. Overexpression of the HK2 mutant and MJ incubation reversed the invasive and migrative phenotype induced by FL-HK2 after PDGF stimulation, and MJ also decreased the expression of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CXCL1) and Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain (COL1A1). Of interest, tofacitinib but not methotrexate had an effect on HK2 dissociation from the mitochondria. In murine models, MJ treatment significantly decreased arthritis severity, whereas HK2FL was able to induce synovial hypertrophy as opposed to HK2ΔN.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that mitochondrial HK2 regulates the aggressive phenotype of RA FLS. New therapeutic approaches to dissociate HK2 from mitochondria offer a safer approach than global glycolysis inhibition.
Plasma PD-L1 as a biomarker in the clinical management of glioblastoma multiforme—a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Masood Aetsam Bin , Batool Sajida , Bhatti Sajid Nazir , Ali Asad , Valko Marian , Jomova Klaudia , Kuca Kamil
Published: July 2023

Background and objectives

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive, malignant, and therapy-resistant tumor of the brain. Blockade therapy targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand (PD-L1) axis is currently under investigation for the clinical management of the GBM. This study has quantified the plasma levels of PD-L1 as a biomarker for the clinical management of GBM.

Methods

A cohort (n = 128) of Pakistani adult glioblastoma patients together with age- and sex-matched healthy controls was used for quantification of pre-surgery levels of plasma PD-L1. PD-L1 protein and mRNA were measured by PD-L1 platinum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compute area under the curve (AUC) for specificity and sensitivity analyses. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was employed to compute overall survival.

Results

PD-L1 protein and mRNA were significantly higher in GBM compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Mean PD-L1 concentration for the GBM was found to be 48.98 ± 2.290 pg/ml compared to 27.63 ± 1.281 pg/ml for controls. Gene expression analysis showed statistically significant upregulation (p < 0.0001) of PD-L1 in blood of GBM compared to healthy controls. Plasma PD-L1 showed an AUC of 0.840 (p < 0.0001; 95% CI = 0.7716 to 0.9090) where a cutoff value higher than 46 pg/ml demonstrated 100% specificity and 57.81% sensitivity. Higher pre-surgery levels of PD-L1 were found to be associated with overall poor survival [p < 0.0001; HR (log-rank) = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.15]. Age, gender, and ethnic background were not found to be associated with plasma PD-L1 levels.

Conclusion

The study concludes that blood-based measurements of PD-L1 in GBM can be a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target besides a rapid and relatively non-invasive screening tool for routine clinical management. Future work extending the analysis to larger cohorts through multi-center collaborations involving pre-treatment and post-treatment groups is required to fully explore the usefulness of circulating PD-L1 for effective clinical applications.