bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legătura medic – farmacist – pacient, un deziderat foarte important în practica medicală
Authors:   UMF „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, NANU Dimitrie ,   Maternitatea Bucur, Bucureşti, DILIRI Alexandra ,   Farmacia Catena, Bucureşti, NANU Andrei ,   UMF „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica Medicină internă, Spitalul Clinic Colentina, Bucureşti
Published: June 2022

Comunicarea defectuoasă dintre medici și farmaciști este o cauză majoră de erori medicale, iar o bună colaborare medic-farmacist crește calitatea îngrijirii pacientului. În acest articol, dorim să va împărtășim experienţa autorilor, medici și farmaciști, obţinută de-a lungul anilor de activitate. Un obstacol major în crearea unor relaţii puternice medic-farmacist este faptul că medicii și farmaciștii lucrează în medii separate. Din cauza acestei diviziuni, interacţiunile lor sunt rare, fără a exista o înţelegere reciprocă empatică a practicilor lor. Într-un mediu colaborativ, rolul principal al farmacistului este de a distribui medicamente și informaţii pentru utilizarea optimă a acestora. Medicul furnizează informaţii cu privire la diagnostic, indicaţii și tratament, incluzând beneficiile, riscurile și efectele secundare. Medicii și farmaciștii trebuie să ofere servicii de calitate pacienţilor, pentru a asigura utilizarea corectă a medicamentelor. Prin urmare, colaborarea dintre aceste profesii este imperativă. Acest lucru necesită comunicare, respect, încredere și recunoaștere reciprocă a competenţelor profesionale.
Academic Entrepreneurship and Technical Considerations for the Commercialization of Biomaterial-Based Medical Devices
Authors: GÜLGÖR Aybike , KARA Zehra , AŞIK Melis , ÖVÜN Yüksel , UZUNER İlvenur , ŞENER Rümeysa , YILGÖR HURİ Pınar
Published: June 2022

Academic entrepreneurship, which refers to the university-based initiatives to encourage commercialization on campus and in the surrounding community, has evolved considerably in the recent years. Increasing number of stakeholders have been interested in academic entrepreneurship, and institutions have established higher number of strategies to encourage this development. Universities are organizations that play an important role in modern society by teaching, as well as research and development activities to produce scientific knowledge. Many institutions have recently taken important steps to create a "third purpose", by fostering connections within knowledge and users through promoting technology transfer, sometimes at the request of policymakers. Commercialization of knowledge produced in the academia, which includes patenting and licensing of findings, together with academic entrepreneurship, has gained a lot of attention from both academics and policymakers among the multiple pathways available for forging these linkages. Because it represents direct, demonstrable market acceptance for academic research results, commercialization is seen as a rising model for achieving academic influence. Many institutions have built specialized organizations, such as technology transfer offices (TTOs), scientific parks (Technopolis), and incubators, to aid commercialization as well as supporting internal policies and processes. The linkage between the universities and the industry have massively strengthened through academic entrepreneurship. There has been a significant impact on the regional and economic development due to the technological patents and spinoff companies emerged as a result of the research activities in universities. In this comprehensive review, the recent patent applications in the field of biomaterials in Turkey, Europe, and the United States of America were also covered, highlighting the number of patent applications of different biomaterial subgroups.
Luminous Millimeter, Radio, and X-Ray Emission from ZTF 20acigmel (AT 2020xnd)
Authors: Ho Anna Y. Q. , Margalit Ben , Bremer Michael , Perley Daniel A. , Yao Yuhan , Dobie Dougal , Kaplan David L. , O’Brien Andrew , Petitpas Glen , Zic Andrew
Published: June 2022

Observations of the extragalactic (z = 0.0141) transient AT 2018cow established a new class of energetic explosions shocking a dense medium, producing luminous emission at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Here we present detailed millimeter- through centimeter-wave observations of a similar transient, ZTF 20acigmel (AT 2020xnd), at z = 0.2433. Using observations from the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array and the Very Large Array, we model the unusual millimeter and radio emission from AT 2020xnd under several different assumptions and ultimately favor synchrotron radiation from a thermal electron population (relativistic Maxwellian). The thermal electron model implies a fast but subrelativistic (v ≈ 0.3c) shock and a high ambient density (n

e
≈ 4 × 103 cm−3) at Δt ≈ 40 days. The X-ray luminosity of L

X
≈ 1043 erg s−1 exceeds simple predictions from the radio and UVOIR luminosity and likely has a separate physical origin, such as a central engine. Using the fact that month-long luminous (L

ν
≈ 2 × 1030 erg s−1 Hz−1 at 100 GHz) millimeter emission appears to be a generic feature of transients with fast (t
1/2 ≈ 3 days) and luminous (M
peak ≈ −21 mag) optical light curves, we estimate the rate at which transients like AT 2018cow and AT 2020xnd will be detected by future wide-field millimeter transient surveys such as CMB-S4 and conclude that energetic explosions in dense environments may represent a significant population of extragalactic transients in the 100 GHz sky.
Solar Polar Flux Redistribution Based on Observed Coronal Holes
Authors: Schonfeld Samuel J. , Henney Carl J. , Jones Shaela I. , Arge Charles N.
Published: June 2022

We explore the use of observed polar coronal holes (CHs) to constrain the flux distribution within the polar regions of global solar magnetic field maps in the absence of reliable quality polar field observations. Global magnetic maps, generated by the Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric flux Transport (ADAPT) model, are modified to enforce field unipolarity thresholds both within and outside observed CH boundaries. The polar modified and unmodified maps are used to drive Wang–Sheeley–Arge (WSA) models of the corona and solar wind (SW). The WSA-predicted CHs are compared with the observations, and SW predictions at the WIND and Ulysses spacecraft are also used to provide context for the new polar modified maps. We find that modifications of the polar flux never worsen and typically improve both the CH and SW predictions. We also confirm the importance of the choice of the domain over which WSA generates the coronal magnetic field solution but find that solutions optimized for one location in the heliosphere can worsen predictions at other locations. Finally, we investigate the importance of low-latitude (i.e., active region) magnetic fields in setting the boundary of polar CHs, determining that they have at least as much impact as the polar fields themselves.
The Proper Motion of the Pulsar J1124–5916 in the Galactic Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8
Authors: Long Xi , Patnaude Daniel J. , Plucinsky Paul P. , Gaetz Terrance J.
Published: June 2022

We present the first direct measurement of the proper motion of pulsar J1124–5916 in the young, oxygen-rich supernova remnant G292.0+1.8. Using deep Chandra ACIS-I observations from 2006 to 2016, we measure a positional change of 0.″21 ± 0.″05 over the ∼10 yr baseline, or ∼0.″02 yr−1. At a distance of 6.2 ± 0.9 kpc, this corresponds to a kick velocity in the plane of the sky of 612 ± 152 km s−1. We compare this direct measurement against the velocity inferred from estimates based on the center of mass of the ejecta. Additionally, we use this new proper-motion measurement to compare the motion of the neutron star to the center of expansion of the optically emitting ejecta. We derive an age estimate for the supernova remnant of ≳2000 yr. The high measured kick velocity is in line with recent studies of high proper motion neutron stars in other Galactic supernova remnants and consistent with a hydrodynamic origin to the neutron star kick.
Hematological Parameters and Indices Reference Interval in Pediatric Egyptian Population; A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Mansour Iman , El Zayat Susan , Karas Sandra , Arafat Aya
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE: Differentiating a health from a non-health state requires meticulous knowledge of the reference interval (RI). Over the past years, numerous working groups generated ethnic, age, and gender tailored RI in all laboratory tests. The paucity of regional studies covering the normal hemogram values resulted in the adoption of the western population RI which is influenced by ethnic and geographical differences.

AIM: The current study, aimed at generating the Egyptian pediatric group hemogram RI.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: At Abu-Rish Japanese hospital, Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital, the study included 1099 Egyptian surgical patients, of both sexes, with an age range between 1-month and 144 months. The electronic peripheral blood count test results archived in the laboratory information system were collected from January 2006 to December 2017 followed by a non-parametrical comparative study to compute the consecutive age groups for generation of continuous indirect RI (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles).

RESULTS: The age clusters, 2–5 months, 6–11 months 12–23 months, 24–59 months, and 60–144 months, were created based on hemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cells count, and platelet count data.

CONCLUSION: Previously published pediatric hemogram, Western and African-based, RIs show great variation. The comparative study of Hb between each month of life created different consecutive age groups than those adopted by Western countries and other African countries. The Hb results within each group showed substantial differences, between the RI of the western countries and those of Egyptian subjects specifically a lower limit of anemia diagnosis as well as a lower limit of leucopenia diagnosis. The age-specific RI we propose would change the threshold for anemia, and leucopenia diagnosis. The results might justify the use of national RI, after its validation, instead of the international ones.
Correlation between Sebum Level and Follicular Fluorescence in Acne Vulgaris Patients
Authors: Donytasari Fitri Meutia , Jusuf Nelva Karmila , Putra Imam Budi
Published: June 2022

Abstract Background: The pathogenesis of acne vulgaris is multifactorial involving four important factors, including follicular epidermal hyperproliferation, increased sebum production, increased activity of C. acnes and inflammation. Increased sebum levels can increase the production of porphyrins which appear as red-orange fluorescence on the faces of patients with acne vulgaris. Objective: To determine the correlation between sebum levels and follicular fluorescence in acne vulgaris patients. Subjects and Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with cross sectional data collection method involving 60 acne vulgaris patients based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Basic data were recorded including age and gender. Sebum levels were measured using a Sebumeter® SM 815 (C & K, Courage-Khazaka, Cologne, Germany) and follicular fluorescence was examined using a Visiopor® PP34 camera (C & K, Courage-Khazaka, Cologne, Germany). The correlation between sebum levels and follicular fluorescence was analyzed using Spearman correlation. The result was significant if the p value<0.05. Results: Acne vulgaris was more common in women (76.7%) with a mean age of 22.52 years, the youngest was 18 years old and the eldest was 36 years old. The results of this study showed a positive correlation with moderate strength between sebum levels and the spot counts (r = 0.495) and positive correlation with weak strength between sebum levels and the percentage of the area covered with follicular fluorescence spots (r = 0.349). Conclusion: There is a correlation between sebum levels and follicular fluorescence in acne vulgaris patients. Keywords: acne vulgaris, sebum level, follicular fluorescence.
Current view on the problem of treating fibrocystic breast disease in terms of herbal medicine
Authors: Sokolik Olena P. , Prozorova Galina O.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Fibrocystic breast disease, commonly called fibrocystic breasts or fibrocystic change, is a benign (noncancerous) condition, which is the most common pathology in women of reproductive age. Treatment of fibrocystic breast disease and concomitant pathologies can involve using herbs.

Materials and Methods: To make an analysis of literary sources on the development of fibrocystic breast disease in the pathogenesis of diseases of the female reproductive system (clinical human (75%) and animal studies (25%)) were published in the period of 2017–2021.

Results and discussion: The diversity of plants in the world is a promising ground for therapeutic improvisation, allowing for an individual approach to each patient, but, most importantly, creates possibilities for maneuvering in the event of ineffectiveness of any means. In some situations, herbal medicine is not only possible or permissible, but strictly mandatory, and is essentially the only effective therapeutic method, which is relatively safe provided the correct selection of combinations and control by a doctor who applies a certain method of phytotherapy, especially given a duration of treatment. The need for a deeper study is long overdue for the pharmacological capabilities of various plant raw materials in the treatment of not only this pathology, but others as well.

Conclusion: The development of phytotherapy should be based primarily on scientific developments, but this area can not be considered the prerogative of only phytotherapists, as herbal medicines should be in the arsenal of doctors of all specialties.
The Coleoptera of the Province of Prince Edward Island, Canada: 295 new records from Lindgren funnel traps and a checklist to species
Authors: Webster Reginald P. , Hughes Cory , Sweeney Jon D.
Published: June 2022

The Coleoptera fauna of the province of Prince Edward Island has long been one of the most poorly known jurisdictions in Canada, with fewer than half the number of species recorded in the neighbouring provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. If much of the difference in species richness was due to less intensive sampling of the province compared to other parts of Atlantic Canada it was predicted that surveys with semiochemical-baited traps would detect many previously undetected species. Lindgren funnel traps were baited with longhorn beetle pheromones and host volatiles and placed in the canopy and understory of coniferous and deciduous trees at the Valleyfield, New Harmony, Auburn, and Brookvale Demonstration Woodlots during the summers of 2018 and 2019. Two hundred and ninety-five species of Coleoptera are newly recorded from Prince Edward Island from 53 families. One of these, the PalaearcticPityophagus ferrugineus(Linnaeus, 1760) is reported for the first time from North America and Canada. The families Lycidae, Derodontidae, Lymexylidae, Sphindidae, Cucujidae, Ripiphoridae, Salpingidae, and Nemonychidae are newly recorded for the province. A checklist of the Coleoptera of Prince Edward Island is provided.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is a potential biomarker for prognostic prediction of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Lee Jong-Uk , Choi Jae Sung , Kim Min Kyung , Min Sun A , Park Jong-Sook , Park Choon-Sik
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims: Neutrophilia is frequently observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a potent neutrophil-activating glycoprotein. However, the clinical implications of G-CSF remain poorly understood.in patients with IPF. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between the G-CSF concentration in BALF and the progression of fibrosis, including in terms of the decline in lung function and long-term survival rate.Methods: G-CSF concentrations were measured in BALF using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The survival rate was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.Results: G-CSF protein levels were significantly higher in IPF (n = 87; 1.88 [0 to 5.68 pg/mL]), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (n = 22; 0.58 [0 to 11.64 pg/mL]), and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n = 19; 2.48 [0.46 to 5.71 pg/mL]) patients than in normal controls (n = 33; 0 [0 to 0.68 pg/mL]) (all p < 0.01). A receiver operating characteristic curve showed a difference in G-CSF levels between IPF and NC (area under the curve, 0.769): The G-CSF cut-off of 0.96 pg/mL indicated 84.9% specificity and 63.2% sensitivity for IPF. The survival rate was significantly lower in the group with G-CSF > 2.872 pg/mL than in the group with ≤ 2.872 pg/mL (hazard ratio, 2.69; p = 0.041). The annual decline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide was positively correlated with the G-CSF level (p = 0.018).Conclusions: G-CSF may participate in the development of IPF and be useful for predicting the prognosis of IPF. Therefore, G-CSF should be analyzed in BALF, in addition to differential cell counts.
Oral beclomethasone dipropionate as an add-on therapy and response prediction in Korean patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kim Kyuwon , Hong Hee Seung , Oh Kyunghwan , Lee Jae Yong , Hong Seung Wook , Park Jin Hwa , Hwang Sung Wook , Yang Dong-Hoon , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Myung Seung-Jae , Yang Suk-Kyun , Ye Byong Duk , Park Sang Hyoung
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims: We aimed to investigate the oral beclomethasone dipropionate’s (BDP) efficacy as an add-on therapy and to clarify the predictive factor for response to oral BDP in Korean ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.Methods: Patients with a stable concomitant drug regimen with exposure to oral BDP (5 mg/day) within 30 days before BDP initiation were included. Partial Mayo score (pMS) was used to evaluate response to oral BDP. Clinical remission (CREM) was defined as a post-treatment pMS ≤ 1 point. Clinical response (CRES) was defined as an at least 2-point decrease in post-treatment pMS and an at least 30% decrease from baseline pMS. Patients without CREM or CRES were considered nonresponders (NRs).Results: Of all, 37 showed CREM, 19 showed CRES, and 44 were NRs. The CREM group included more patients with mild disease activity (75.7% vs. 43.2%, p = 0.011) than NRs. In contrast to NRs, CREM and CRES patients showed significant improvement of post-treatment erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (ESR with p = 0.001, CRP with p = 0.004, respectively). Moreover, the initial rectal bleeding subscore (RBS) was significantly different between CREM and CRES, or NR (both with p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, initial stool frequency subscore (SFS) of 0 and RBS of 0 were predictive factors for CREM (odds ratio [OR], 15.359; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.085 to 217.499; p = 0.043 for SFS, and OR, 11.434; 95% CI, 1.682 to 77.710; p = 0.013 for RBS).Conclusions: Oral BDP is an efficacious add-on therapy in Korean UC patients. Patients with initial SFS or RBS of 0 may be particularly good candidates for oral BDP.
An existence result involving both the generalized proportional Riemann-Liouville and Hadamard fractional integral equations through generalized Darbo's fixed point theorem
Authors: Rahul  , Mahato Nihar Kumar , Panda Sumati Kumari , Alqudah Manar A. , Abdeljawad Thabet
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we propose and prove an extension and generalization, which extends and generalizes the Darbo's fixed point theorem (DFPT) in the context of measure of noncompactness (MNC). Thereafter, we use DFPT to investigate the existence of solutions to mixed-type fractional integral equations (FIE), which include both the generalized proportional $ (\kappa, \tau) $-Riemann-Liouville and Hadamard fractional integral equations. We've included a suitable example to strengthen the article.
New class of convex interval-valued functions and Riemann Liouville fractional integral inequalities
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal , Alsalami Omar Mutab , Treanțǎ Savin , Saeed Tareq , Nonlaopon Kamsing
Published: June 2022

The appreciation of inequalities in convexity is critical for fractional calculus and its application in a variety of fields. In this paper, we provide a unique analysis based on Hermite-Hadamard inequalities in the context of newly defined class of convexity which is known as left and right harmonically $ {h} $-convex IVF (left and right $ \mathcal{H}$-$ {h} $-convex IVF), as well as associated integral and fractional inequalities, are addressed by the suggested technique. Because of its intriguing character in the numerical sciences, there is a strong link between fractional operators and convexity. There have also been several exceptional circumstances studied, and numerous well-known Hermite-Hadamard inequalities have been derived for left and right $ \mathcal{H}$-$ {h} $-convex IVF. Moreover, some applications are also presented in terms of special cases which are discussed in this study. The plan's outcomes demonstrate that the approach may be implemented immediately and is computationally simple and precise. We believe, our findings, generalize certain well-known new and classical harmonically convexity discoveries from the literature.
Theoretical and numerical analysis of solutions of some systems of nonlinear difference equations
Authors: Elsayed E. M. , Din Q. , Bukhary N. A.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we obtain the form of the solutions of the following rational systems of difference equations

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} x_{n+1} = \dfrac{y_{n-1}z_{n}}{z_{n}\pm x_{n-2}}, \;y_{n+1} = \dfrac{z_{n-1}x_{n} }{x_{n}\pm y_{n-2}}, \ z_{n+1} = \dfrac{x_{n-1}y_{n}}{y_{n}\pm z_{n-2}}, \end{equation*} $\end{document}

with initial values are non-zero real numbers.
Improve correlation matrix of Discrete Fourier Transformation technique for finding the missing values of MRI images
Authors: Saeed Soobia , Haron Habibollah , Jhanjhi NZ , Naqvi Mehmood , Alhumyani Hesham A. , Masud Mehedi
Published: June 2022

Missing values in the k-NN algorithm are a significant research concern, especially in low-grade tumours and CSF fluid, which are commonly identified in MRI scans. Missing values are usually ignored, but when data is mined, they can lead to bias and errors. In addition, the data is not missing at random. This study improves image accuracy, boosts the efficiency of missing k-NN hybrid values, and develops a research technique for detecting CSF fluid deposits in brain areas separated from non-tumor areas. We also offer a new method for detecting low-grade tumours or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation in its early stages. In this study, we combine the hybrid K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm with the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), as well as Time-Lagged analysis of four-dimensional (4D) MRI images. These dependencies exist in both space and time, but present techniques do not account for both sequential linkages and numerous types of missingness. To address this, we propose the DFLk-NN imputation method, which combines two imputation approaches based on a hybrid k-NN extension and the DFT to capture time-lag correlations both within and across variables. There are several types of missingness are enables the imputation of missing values across the variable even when all the data for a given time point is missing. The proposed method gives high accuracies of MRI datasets and retrieves the missing data in the images.
The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on services for children and adolescents with ADHD: results from a survey of paediatricians in the United Kingdom
Authors: Ogundele Michael O , Ayyash Hani F , Ani Cornelius
Published: June 2022

Background

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to huge disruptions and multi-domain healthcare crisis, with additional impact on children and young people (CYP) affected by Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Methods

We conducted an online survey and obtained responses from 62 Paediatricians who provide ADHD services for CYP about their experience of Service disruption and adaptations during the first Covid-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom between March and June 2020. The responses were both quantitative and qualitative.

Results

The Paediatricians reported huge service disruptions such that almost half ceased the assessment of new patients with ADHD, and only 5% were able to offer physical monitoring for most patients. However, all respondents had adopted telemedicine, which allowed them to maintain high levels of non-physical service provision for existing patients. The Paediatricians used risk stratification strategies to determine which patients were more likely to benefit from the limited available face to face appointments for physical monitoring. The Paediatricians demonstrated clinical pragmatism to meet the needs of their patients such as starting medication without physical exam especially if the patient's behaviour was so challenging that it was presenting a crisis at home, and setting aside monthly limits for stimulant medications. Some respondents reported helpful cross-service collaborations to support CYP with ADHD and their families.

Conclusion

The Covid-19 pandemic has had adverse effect on many CYP with ADHD and caused huge disruption to the ADHD services that support them. As the pandemic continues to cause disruptions to ADHD services, the service adaptations emerging from the literature including some of those identified in this study could be useful to support more stable and sustainable ADHD services, both during and after the pandemic.
Internet of Things (IoT): A Study of Security Issues and Challenges
Authors: Mohamad Said Zahidah , Zolkipli Mohamad Fadli
Published: June 2022

The Internet of Things is one of the most popular networking concepts. The Internet of Things architecture promises to connect anybody, anywhere, with anything. Unlike the traditional Internet, the Internet of Things uses heterogeneous wired and wireless networks to connect a huge number of machines, resource-constrained devices, and sensors. Even though the Internet of Things might become one of the most popular networking concepts that provide many benefits to its users, it is also open to many security issues and challenges. Based on the study, shows that Perception, Network and Application layers are the most open to security issues. Next, the security challenges inside and across the Internet of Things are also highlighted in this study.
L’empereur d’Éthiopie et le roi des juifs. Circulation et interprétations d’un récit historique, VIe-XVe siècle
Authors: Weber Benjamin
Published: June 2022

L’invasion du royaume juif de Himyar par le roi d’Axoum Kaleb en 525 apr. J.-C. fut un événement capital dont la mémoire s’est préservée dans de très nombreux textes, de langues et de natures très différentes. L’étude des différentes formes de cette mémoire historique permet de retracer le cheminement d’un de ces récits depuis la Syrie du VIe siècle jusqu’à l’Italie du XVe siècle, en passant par l’Éthiopie. Surtout, elle permet de mesurer à quel point un même récit peut être interprété de façons très différentes en fonction des époques, des sociétés et des contextes politiques. La diffusion d’un récit, à l’oral comme à l’écrit, ne relève donc pas d’une histoire strictement culturelle du contact entre les cultures : il s’agit d’un acte politique qui doit être analysé en prenant en compte les enjeux de pouvoir qui entourent sa transmission.
Comment susciter la motivation des élèves pour la grammaire ?
Authors: Gremion Sarah
Published: June 2022

Ce livre propose une réflexion sur l’enseignement d’un sujet réputé difficile et impopulaire : la grammaire.
Comment motiver les élèves en grammaire et comment mettre en œuvre des démarches d’enseignement engageantes ?
Pour tester, dans sa pratique, des outils pour susciter la motivation des élèves, Sarah Gremion travaille avec des élèves de 10–11 ans sur la notion d’attribut du sujet.
Le livre propose une description précise des démarches d’enseignement mises en place, à partir desquelles tout enseignant ou stagiaire pourra se projeter dans son propre contexte de classe.
Optant pour un enseignement de la grammaire dosant induction et déduction, l’autrice encourage à expérimenter et à s’adapter, se documenter et oser.
De ce travail de terrain, l’autrice dégage cinq principes qui aideront les nouveaux enseignants à planifier des séquences didactiques en grammaire ; et qui aideront les élèves à entrer dans l’apprentissage, pour comprendre à quoi sert la grammaire.
Les enquêtes PISA dans les systèmes scolaires valaisan et genevois
Authors: Revaz Sonia
Published: June 2022

L’utilisation des enquêtes PISA comme outil de régulation des poli­tiques éducatives suscite débats et controverses sur la scène scolaire internationale. Tous les trois ans, PISA évalue les compétences des élèves au terme de leur scolarité obligatoire puis compare les résultats des pays participants dans le but de tirer des conclusions sur leurs sys­tèmes éducatifs et d’identifier d’éventuels facteurs de succès. L’enjeu est de déterminer dans quelle mesure les élèves disposent des connais­sances et des outils nécessaires à leur insertion dans la société moderne et au développement de celle-ci.
Suivant le même principe, la Suisse s’est soumise à une enquête PISA supplémentaire à l’échelle nationale afin de disposer de données plus approfondies sur chacun de ses cantons. Nous nous intéresserons à la Suisse romande, où la revendication de l’objectif de promotion de mo­dèles efficaces et équitables peine à faire l’unanimité. Qu’en est-il des cantons du Valais et de Genève en particulier, où les résultats des élèves apparaissent très contrastés ?
Cet ouvrage propose une analyse des quatre premières enquêtes PISA dans ces deux cantons afin de déterminer d’où proviennent ces diffé­rences de performance, d’identifier les raisons qui expliquent le scepti­cisme existant au sujet de PISA et d’établir d’éventuelles relations entre les résultats PISA et certaines mesures appliquées au plan des politiques éducatives régionales et cantonales.
Dynamique climatique et dégradation des terres agricoles autour des petits lacs du plateau de Zagnanado au Bénin
Authors: Etene Cyr Gervais
Published: June 2022

Les perturbations climatiques observées ces dernières décennies ne demeurent pas sans conséquences sur les terres agricoles de même que les ressources en eaux. Au Bénin, les différentes crises climatiques (sécheresse, inondations, etc.) poussent les populations à occuper les berges des cours d’eau pour des activités agricoles. La présente recherche vise à analyser les effets de la dynamique climatique sur les terres agricole autour des petits lacs du plateau d’Abomey-Zagnanado au Bénin. Pour apprécier les effets des perturbations climatiques autour de ces petits lacs, les données climatologiques et cartographiques ont été collectées. La statistique descriptive a été mise à contribution de même que l’étude de l’occupation des terres a permis d’apprécier les effets du climat sur les terres agricoles. Il résulte de cette recherche que la chronique des précipitations annuelles (1952-2018), on montre que le secteur d’étude est caractérisé par une succession des périodes humides (47 %) et sèches (53 %). La tendance de la température moyenne annuelle est à la hausse de 26,35 à 28,75 °C entre 1952 et 2018 ; soit une augmentation de 1,1 °C sur la période d’étude. Le déficit pluviométrique lié à la fréquence des années sèches, a entraîné l’accentuation des pressions humaines sur les écosystèmes des zones humides, l’aggravation des phénomènes érosifs. L’analyse de la dynamique de l’occupation des terres entre 2005 et 2018 a montré que cette dynamique est marquée par la régression de toutes les formations végétales naturelles (savane boisée et arbustives et forêt galerie) au profit des unités d’occupation anthropiques (mosaïque de cultures et jachères (24,04 %), plantation (0,30 %), agglomération (1,65 %)). En 2019 sur un versant, il est enregistré 15,26 cm de terre érodée contre 12 cm en 2018.Cette dégradation qui ne demeure pas sans conséquences sur les terres agricoles.
Les étangs et leurs ressources piscicoles : perceptions, pratiques et consommations des français – Résultats d’une enquête extrapolée au niveau national
Authors: Garcia Romain , Choffel Quentin , Nasser Tarek
Published: June 2022

Les étangs sont au cœur de nombreuses problématiques des territoires de l’eau : sociétales, aménagement du territoire, écologiques, économiques… La prise en compte des perceptions de la population vis-à-vis de ces plans d’eau est inexistante dans les différentes politiques de gestion et de développement des territoires de l’eau. Réservoirs de biodiversité, ils souffrent de leur origine anthropique dans une vision centrée sur la nature et ne sont pas pris en compte dans les politiques de gestion de l’eau. L’objet de cette étude exploratoire est d’apporter des premiers éléments de réflexions et de réponses quant aux perceptions du grand public sur les étangs, que ce soit au niveau patrimonial, culturel, naturel ou fonctionnel. La réalisation et la diffusion d’un questionnaire ont permis de collecter des résultats variés sur les perceptions, mais aussi sur les liens qu’entretiennent les enquêtés avec ce milieu (pratique de loisirs, consommation de poisson d’eau douce). Cette étude exploratoire permet d’avancer certains résultats qui mériteront d’être affinés, notamment pour orienter et faciliter la gestion des étangs (par exemple, via une prise en compte de la perception du public, des acteurs / gestionnaires, des élus). L’étude montre une appréciation et une vision naturelles de l’étang pour plus de 500 personnes interrogées. Cette vision va à l’encontre de celle menée par les politiques publiques depuis quelques années. première validation de la clef de gestion.
L’étang piscicole de barrage sur la balance : L’abattement de la contamination des eaux par les étangs est-il un service de poids ?
Authors: Banas Damien , Le Cor François , Gaillard Juliette , Dufour Vincent , Iuretig Alain , Hartmeyer Pamela , Soligot-Hognon Claire , Slaby Sylvain
Published: June 2022

Les étangs de barrage, élément d’origine anthropique, induisent une rupture du continuum écologique du cours d’eau de tête de bassin versant. Pour cette raison, leur gestion voire leur maintien ou leur effacement sont régulièrement questionnés. Ces milieux aquatiques sont également susceptibles de rendre divers services (ex. production de poisson, soutien à l’économie rural, zone d’intérêt pour la faune et en particulier l’ichtyofaune). Si ces éléments ne constituent pas un atout dans le cadre de la réglementation sur l’eau (ex. DCE, LEMA), le « bon état » des masses d’eau peut être mis à mal par cette discontinuité. Peu étudiés, les impacts positifs et négatifs de la présence d’étang de barrage nécessitent d’être évalués avec précision. Cet article s’attache à faire le point sur le service de remédiation (i.e. rétention de contaminants au sein de l’étang) induit par l’étang de barrage et mis en évidence par nos études menées en France. Si l’étang ne semble pas constituer un outil intéressant pour réduire la contamination des cours d’eau par les éléments traces métalliques, nos travaux montrent une réduction des concentrations et quantités de nutriments en aval de l’étang, ainsi qu’une réduction de près de 60 % de la somme des pesticides. Une rétention est également observée pour les produits de transformation des pesticides qui sont déjà quantifiés dans le cours d’eau de tête de bassin, en amont de l’étang. Ces résultats montrent que l’impact de l’étang sur le bon état de la masse d’eau résulte de mécanismes biologiques et chimiques complexes. Selon les priorités de gestion (i.e. rétablissement du continuum écologique ; maitrise des concentrations en pesticides), les décisions de gestion de ces plans d’eau pourront alors s’avérer elles-mêmes complexes.
Effectiveness of TILT Across Online Learning Platforms
Authors: Bata Hatem
Published: June 2022

This chapter will examine in depth the efficacy of applying TILT using qualitative methods and secondary data to online education to improve the learning experience of millennial learners. Furthermore, it seeks to apply the principles of TILT to online learning so that instructors can create an online learning environment that is transparent and student-centered including guidelines from best teaching practices. Moreover, the chapter will explore the challenges of designing online classes with TILT principles from the instructor, student, and administrator perspectives. The chapter will also examine the digital divide between minority or disadvantaged students and the European American students. Then it will offer technology and TILT solutions to try to bridge or leapfrog the digital divide.
Transparency in Language to Enhance Student Learning
Authors: Narayanan Santhi , Agarwal Monica , Bansal Swati
Published: June 2022

This chapter explores the unfocused paradigm of language as a tool to bring transparency to the teaching-learning framework focusing on the unique context of India. Insights are provided on how the language used as a medium of instruction within higher educational institutions can hinder students' learning experiences and how transparency dimensions can enhance students' learning and performances. Recent developments in India, including New Education Policy 2020 and the opines of stakeholders such as educational administrators, faculty, and students, are integrated to further broaden perspectives pertaining to transparency, language, and students' learning and performances.
On the Exploration of the Natural Sequence of Primes With Cellular Automata Targeting Enhanced Data Security and Privacy
Authors: Mitra Arnab
Published: June 2022

Enhanced data security and privacy are one of the major concerns in today’s digital society. The role of Primes towards the enhancements of data security and privacy is undeniable. Though several prime generations were presented, yet a cost effective and an easy to implement generation of Prime sequence should always have an advantage targeting real life applications. Hence, prime sequence generation using Cellular Automata (CA) is presented in this article as CA based modelling are easy to implement at the cost of flip-flops. The main contribution of this research is to explore the natural sequence of primes (i.e., primes A000040) with a special class of group CA, at fixed boundary environment; which may potentially be used as a Prime source towards the enhancements of data security and privacy. Experimental results confirm that the first 50 members of A000040 series may be explored at automata size 8 only. Detailed investigations towards the CA configuration and its dynamics in view of the generation of prime A000040 sequence, are also presented in this article.
Area estimation of soybean leaves of different shapes with artificial neural networks
Authors: Sá Ludimila Geiciane de , Albuquerque Carlos Juliano Brant , Valadares Nermy Ribeiro , Brito Orlando Gonçalves , Mota Amara Nunes , Fernandes Ana Clara Gonçalves , Azevedo Alcinei Mistico
Published: June 2022

Leaf area is one of the most commonly used physiological parameters in plant growth analysis because it facilitates the interpretation of factors associated with yield. The different leaf formats related to soybean genotypes can influence the quality of the model fit for the estimation of leaf area. Direct leaf area measurement is difficult and inaccurate, requires expensive equipment, and is labor intensive. This study developed methodologies to estimate soybean leaf area using neural networks and considering different leaf shapes. A field experiment was carried out from February to July 2017. Data were collected from thirty-six cultivars separated into three groups according to the leaf shape. Multilayer perceptrons were developed using 300 leaves per group, of which 70% were used for training and 30% for validation. The most important morphological measures were also tested with Garson’s method. The artificial neural networks were efficient in estimating the soybean leaf area, with coefficients of determination close to 0.90. The left leaflet width and right leaflet length are sufficient to estimate the leaf area. Network 4, trained with leaves from all groups, was the most general and suitable for the prediction of soybean leaf area.
Alternatives for selection of carioca common bean lines that combine upright plants and slow grain darkening
Authors: Lemos Roxane do Carmo , Caixeta Getúlio Ferreira , Silva Reberth Renato da , Abreu Ângela de Fátima Barbosa , Ramalho Magno Antonio Patto
Published: June 2022

In Brazil, there is an increasing demand for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars having Carioca-type (cream-colored seed coat with brown stripes) beans which have a light color that persists for a longer time combined with the most possible upright plant architecture.  However, plant breeders are finding it difficult to combine these two traits in the same cultivar. The aim of this study was to compare success in the selection of new common bean lines that combine the two traits in segregating populations with 25%, 50%, or 75% of the alleles from the parents contrasting in upright plant architecture or in bean grains with persistent light color. A biparental cross was performed between a parent with light-colored beans (P1) and another with upright plants (P2). Three populations were obtained from the F1 seeds, with allelic frequencies of 75%, 50%, and 25% of P1. Subsequently, progenies were evaluated in a similar number in each population in the F2:3, F2:4, F2:5, and F2:6 generations. The plant architecture (PA) and grain darkening (GD) traits were visually evaluated using a scoring scale. Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated for all generations. There was no expressive advantage in using populations with a greater allele proportion of the parent favorable to upright plant architecture or slow grain darkening either in releasing of variability or in the occurrence of progenies with favorable phenotypes for the two traits.
Photosynthetically active radiation intensity used as an extended photoperiod to increase quality in basil seedlings
Authors: Mello Bruna Finotti Fonseca Reis de , Batista Thiago Barbosa , Binott Flávio Ferreira da Silva , Costa Edilson , Binotti Eliana Duarte Cardoso , Zoz Tiago , Moreira Loryelle de Jesus , Paterlini Allan
Published: June 2022

The use of a protected environment for vegetable seedling production has become one of the best alternatives to minimize the adverse micrometeorological effects of the external environment and guarantee quality and production throughout the year. Inside the protected environment, it is essential to study the physiological responses of plants to the wavelength, periodicity, intensity, and direction of light in the photosynthetic process. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different intensities of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) used as an extended photoperiod in a greenhouse on the production of basil seedlings. A completely randomized design, in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, with four replications of 20 seedlings per plot was used. Two basil varieties, sweet basil (green color) and purple basil (purple color), were evaluated under three intensities of supplementary PAR, which were 375, 411, and 438 µmol m-2 s-1, and control, in the absence of supplementary PAR. The seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter, leaf area, ratio between plant height and stem diameter, ratio between plant height and shoot dry matter, ratio between shoot dry matter and root dry matter, and Dickson quality index were evaluated. Results show that higher intensities of PAR used as an extended photoperiod favor the quality of basil seedlings produced in a protected environment.
An approach of using different curing temperature based on potato cv. Innovator periderm differentiation, sugar metabolism, and industrial quality
Authors: Pereira Ariana Mota , Picoli Edgard Augusto de Toledo , Petrucci Kharen Priscilla de Oliveira Salomão , Gomes Mateus de Paula , Cruz Renata Ranielly  Pedroza , Soares Luciana Gomes , Gonçalves Dreice Nascimento , Finger Fernando Luiz
Published: June 2022

Excoriation damage is among the major causes of postharvest potato losses. Curing is known to increase the resistance of tubers to excoriation injury, with the temperature influencing the traumatic phellogen and periderm regeneration, as well as tuber processing quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of excoriation procedure and curing temperature on the industrial quality, histological characteristics, carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative enzyme activity of potato tuber. Tubers with or without excoriation were cured at 8, 14, and 20°C for 15 days. Excoriation did not influence the levels of reducing sugars (RS), as well as polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities. The concentrations of total soluble sugars (TSS) and non-reducing sugars (NRS) were higher in injured tubers, while reduction in curing temperature increased the concentrations of TSS, NRS, and RS. However, the sugar content was adequate as per the criteria of the pre-fried potato industry and potatoes classified in category 2 (USDA/fast-food industry color grading). The reduction in curing temperature also increased the activity of POD, despite the activity of PPO remaining unchanged. Formation of a closure layer from the outer parenchyma cells of the tuber that prevents desiccation and death of superficial cells, was observed. This protection was completed with the formation of the damage periderm. Periderm regeneration is faster at higher temperatures, 15 and 20°C, leading to a lower fresh mass loss and no enzymatic or non-enzymatic browning. The excoriation carried out at 14/20oC for 15 days was sufficient for curing, and for maintaining suitable post-fry quality of potatoes.
Comparative toxicity of fipronil, malathion, and thiamethoxam on the stingless bee Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Schwarz, 1938)
Authors: Stuchi Ana Lúcia Paz Barateiro , Moreira Daiani Rodrigues , Galhardo Douglas , Santos Simone Aparecida dos , Ronqui Ludimilla , Cantagalli Liriana Belizario , Lopes Denise Alves , Sinópolis-Gigliolli Adriana Aparecida , Toledo Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de , Ruvolo-Takasusuki Maria Claudia Colla
Published: June 2022

Stingless bees are important pollinators for various plant crops. We investigated the susceptibility of Tetragonisca fiebrigi to sublethal concentrations of insecticides fipronil, malathion, and thiamethoxam (administered through contact and ingestion) by determining the LC50 values after 24 hours of exposure and analyzing changes in the activity of esterase isoenzymes and the chromatin in brain cells. The LC50 values showed that all three insecticides were highly toxic through contact and ingestion. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that the relative EST-4 (carboxylesterase) activity in T. fiebrigi was partially inhibited by malathion and fipronil ingestion. Moreover, the EST-4 band intensity was increased following high-concentration thiamethoxam (contact) exposure, indicating the increased relative activity of this isoenzyme to detoxify the compound. In the cytochemical analysis of brain cells, the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) points for the control stingless bees and malathion ingestion-exposed and thiamethoxam-exposed (contact and ingestion) stingless bees were in the range of 0.20-0.30 M MgCl2, whereas that for malathion contact-exposed bees was 0.15 M MgCl2, indicating chromatin relaxation and suggesting an increase in gene expression. In conclusion, T. fiebrigi stingless bees are susceptible to the insecticides tested, and the parameters analyzed may be used as biomarkers to detect the presence of these compounds.