bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA COMISSÃO NACIONAL DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO NO ESTADO NOVO (1937-1945)
Authors: Rota Alesson Ramon
Published: April 2015

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de discutir as contribuições da Comissão Nacional dos Livros Didático (CNLD) para a política governamental do Estado Novo (1937-1945). Durante os anos da ditadura houveram algumas implementações educacionais. Uma delas é a criação da CNLD, órgão que objetivou regular e fiscalizar todos os livros didáticos em circulação no país. Para verificarmos a repercussão da CNLD no interior do livro didático utilizamos um livro de história de uso oficial do Estado. Nele constatamos que a escrita da história da época pautada em uma teoria historicista, também contribuiu para propagandear uma imagem positiva do Governo Vargas.
REPRESENTAÇÕES E CONSTRUÇÕES DA ANTIGUIDADE POR MEIO DAS SÉRIES DE TV: O CASO DO SERIADO “ROME”
Authors: Menezes Victor Henrique
Published: April 2015

Este trabalho apresentará algumas considerações acerca da forma como a Roma do séc. I a. C foi representada no seriado “Rome” (2005-2007), produzido pelas redes de televisão HBO, BBC e RAI. Para tal, faremos uma aproximação dos campos da História, Cinema e Televisão. Parte-se do pressuposto de que, assim como os estudos historiográficos, as produções cinematográficas e televisivas são narrativas que criam discursos acerca de determinados momentos do passado, e que, mesmo que não seja as intenções dos produtores (que devem ser consideradas), mostrarão o passado a partir de perspectivas do presente. Destarte, serão analisados alguns dos depoimentos de produtores, diretores e consultores de história que atuaram na produção de “Rome” com o intuito de ponderar acerca das influências do presente nos discursos que foram/são emitidos pela série. Como os produtores procuraram representar a cidade de Roma, bem como as suas possíveis influências, são questionamentos norteadores deste ensaio.
Barriers to sustaining customer participation in hospital-based farmers’ markets: insights from employees
Authors: R. George Daniel , L. Kraschnewski Jennifer , S. Rovniak Liza , Vaughn Lindsay , Dillon Judy
Published: April 2015

92 farmers’ markets are located on hospital campuses in the United States but no known studies have evaluated factors influencing employee use of on-site markets. We examine modifiable barriers that reduced employee participation in a hospital-based market at Pennsylvania State Hershey Medical Center. 360 employees of Pennsylvania State Hershey Medical Center who used a weekly on-site seasonal market less than twice annually were sent an online survey, and frequency of response data were analyzed. Most frequently referenced barriers to participation were: location/access to the market, personal work schedules, cost of market products, and hours of operation, while top perceived benefits were support of local agriculture, health benefits, atmosphere/environment, and affordability. Hospital markets using value-based marketing campaigns to promote local economic and individual health benefits of participation, maximize convenience and access, and incentivize attendance are likely to sustain employee participation. These modifiable features may be relevant to worksite markets in diverse regions.
Naar marktgerichte regulering van netwerksectoren
Authors: Tieben Bert
Published: April 2015

Naar marktgerichte regulering van netwerksectoren

Toezichthouders concluderen te snel dat netwerkgebonden markten een natuurlijk monopolie zijn waarvoor regulering nodig is. Marktprocestheorieën leggen de nadruk op de betwistbaarheid van ieder monopolie, ook in infrastructurele markten. Het gevolg is dat regulering en toezicht meer op afstand geplaatst kunnen worden. De marktprocesbenadering is ook toepasbaar in Nederlandse markten, zoals de energie, de telecommunicatie, luchthavens en de loodsen.
QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO ASSIST NEUROBLASTOMA ASSESSMENT BY MEASURING I-123 mIBG UPTAKE IN SCINTIGRAPHIC IMAGES
Authors: Martínez-Díaz Rafael , Balaguer Julia , Sánchez-Ruiz Luis Manuel , Bello Pilar , Castel Victoria , Rivas Antonio , Cañete Adela , Falgas Marina , Loaiza Jose Luis , Perís-Fajarnés Guillermo
Published: April 2015

Whole-body 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) scintigraphy is used as the primary image modality in neuroblastoma detection. It is the most sensitive and specific method for staging and response evaluation. Validated semi-quantitative scoring methods with low interobserver variability and high reproducibility have shown to be indispensable for the evaluation of response to therapy. However, low resolution, noise and acquisition difficulties, specially in children, make low definition scans. These facts increase observer dependent interpretations that limit assessment and complicate to put a scoring method successfully into practice. It is essential to have an objective and reliable measure of response to test the activity of therapies. In this paper we propose the use of a quantitative observer-independent measurement of the strength of uptake to be used as an additional tool for assisting the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Europe Neuroblastoma Group (SIOPEN) semi-quantitative scoring method. This is the scoring method recommended by the SIOPEN Nuclear Medicine and Physics Committee, in collaborative work with the Children’s Oncology Group, as the standard one for acquiring and reporting diagnostic paediatric mIBG scans across Europe. Our proposed method is based on the ratio between the amount of specific uptake at tumours and the amount of non-specific uptake at SIOPEN anatomical sectors which has shown to be constant in all the scans of the patients.
A órtese não influencia no desempenho de indivíduos com instabilidade do tornozelo
Authors: Milanezi Fernanda Cristina , Marques Nise Ribeiro , Hebling Deborah Spinoso , Karuka Aline Harumi , Almeida Neto Antônio Francisco de , Gonçalves Mauro
Published: April 2015

Introdução: A instabilidade funcional do tornozelo (IFT) é uma das consequências das entorses de tornozelo, que podem gerar déficits de funcionalidade. Um dos métodos utilizados para avaliar esses déficits são testes funcionais (TF), além disso, pode-se prevenir a entorse usando órteses de tornozelo, no entanto, ambos os métodos ainda são controversos na literatura. Objetivo: Comparar o desempenho de indivíduo com e sem IFT em testes funcionais com e sem o uso da órtese de tornozelo. Método: Vinte e duas voluntárias na faixa etária entre 18 e 25 anos participaram do estudo e foram divididas em grupo controle e grupo com IFT. As mulheres realizaram cinco testes funcionais com e sem o uso de órtese de tornozelo. Resultados: Não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre os grupos e nem entre as condições. Conclusão: A órtese de tornozelo não influenciou no desempenho de indivíduos com e sem IFT em testes funcionais.
Echocardiographic analysis of the left ventricular function in elderly runners
Authors: Magalhães Neto Anibal Monteiro de , Resende Nathália Maria , Ferrari Carlos Kusano Bucalen , Fontes Almir Fernando Loureiro , Heredia Rimmel Amador Gusman , Espindola Foued Salmen , Resende Elmiro Santos
Published: April 2015

Introduction: During the aging process, cardiovascular function suffers intense changes. Objective: To perform an echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function in elderly male athletes and non-athletes. Methods: Eleven elderly males were separated into two groups: group A, with six non-athletes (61.66 ± 3.20y) and group B, with eight athletes (62.75 ± 3.24y). Two-dimensional and M mode color Doppler echocardiography were used to assess heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), diastolic dimension (DD), systolic dimension (SD), end diastolic volume (EDV), end systolic volume (ESV), mass of the left ventricle (M), isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), and deceleration time (DT). Results: HR was significantly higher in Group A. The mean values of EDV, ESV, and DT were significantly higher in athletes (Group B). IRT and SV values were higher in Group A; and DD, DS and M trended to be higher in Group B, but without any statistical significance. Conclusions: The regular practice of running improved both hemodynamic and structural variables in elderly subjects.
Influência da frequência da caminhada na saúde de indivíduos com doenças crônicas
Authors: Oliveira Cristiano De Souza , Gordia Alex Pinheiro , Brito Bruno José de Queiroz , Quadros Teresa Maria Bianchini de
Published: April 2015

Introdução: A influência da frequência de caminhada sobre a saúde de participantes de programas de intervenção ainda é pouco estudada. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da frequência de caminhada sobre o colesterol total (CT), glicemia e circunferência abdominal (CA) em participantes de um projeto de extensão universitária. Métodos: Foram avaliados 25 participantes do projeto durante nove meses de intervenção em 2011. Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos conforme sua frequência na caminhada (
Testes clínicos para avaliação da coluna lombar e articulação sacroilíaca: revisão de literatura
Authors: Pazzinatto Marcella Ferraz , Briani Ronaldo Valdir , Oliveira Crystian Bittencourt , Silva Danilo Oliveira
Published: April 2015

Introdução: A forma mais acessível para diagnosticar dores lombares e sacroilíacas são os testes ortopédicos. Objetivo: Apresentar confiabilidade e acurácia diagnóstica por meio dos índices de sensibilidade e especificidade de testes clínicos para avaliar a coluna lombar e articulações sacroilíacas. Métodos: Realizou-se revisão de literatura com palavras-chave e seus correspondentes em inglês, nas bases de dados: PubMed, Embase, SciELO e Bireme. Resultados: Encontraram-se 9.806 artigos, porém apenas sete foram incluídos no estudo. Os principais testes para avaliação da coluna lombar são: slump test, teste de Lasègue, teste de Schöber e de instabilidade segmentar. Para avaliar as disfunções sacroilíacas: teste de distração, compressão, thigh thrust, Gaenslen e teste de thrust sacral. Conclusão: O slump test e o teste de Lasègue apresentaram valores excelentes de especificidade e sensibilidade no diagnóstico de disfunções lombares. Os testes para avaliação sacroilíaca evidenciaram que dois ou mais testes positivos combinados demonstram melhores resultados nos índices estudados.
Morfologia dos músculos sóleo e tibial anterior de ratos Wistar imobilizados e remobilizados em meio aquático
Authors: Kunz Regina Inês , Coradini Josinéia Gresele , Silva Lígia Inez , Kakihata Camila Mayumi Martin , Brancalhão Rose Meire Costa , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor , Ribeiro Lucinéia De Fátima Chasko
Published: April 2015

Introdução: O músculo esquelético se adapta continuamente a estímulos. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos da imobilização e remobilização sobre parâmetros morfológicos dos músculos sóleo e tibial anterior de ratos Wistar. Métodos: Dezoito animais foram imobilizados por 15 dias, divididos em três grupos de seis componentes cada: G1 – somente imobilizados; G2 – remobilizados livremente; G3 – remobilizados em meio aquático. Foram coletados os músculos sóleo e tibial anterior, direitos (imobilizados ou tratados) e esquerdos (controle). Resultados: A imobilização reduziu massa, diâmetro da fibra e comprimento do músculo sóleo, e massa muscular do tibial anterior. Em G2 e G3, houve aumento da massa e comprimento muscular do tibial anterior; e aumento do menor diâmetro da fibra do sóleo em G3. Conclusão: A imobilização afeta a morfologia dos músculos estudados, a remobilização livre e em meio aquático foram eficientes na recuperação do tibial anterior, enquanto para o sóleo apenas os exercícios aquáticos foram eficazes.
Back school program for back pain: education or physical exercise?
Authors: Silva Thayná Maria José Clemente da , Silva Niedja Natállia da , Rocha Sérgio Henrique de Souza , Oliveira Déborah Marques de , Monte-Silva Kátia Karina , Tenório Angélica Da Silva , Araújo Maria Das Graças Rodrigues de
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Back school consists in an educational program aimed at preventing back pain and rehabilitating individuals with degenerative disorders. Objective: To evaluate the effects of back school components (education and/or exercise therapy) in relieving pain and improving quality of life in patients with chronic back pain. Method: Forty-one patients were randomized and allocated into four groups: (i) a back school group (educational lessons and physical exercise); (ii) an educational lessons group; (iii) a physical exercise group and (iv) a waiting list control group. Patients were evaluated before and after treatment with a visual analogue scale, a short form quality-of-life questionnaire, a Roland Morris disability questionnaire and a finger-floor distance test. Results: The back school group showed significant reduction in scores in the visual analogue scale and the Roland Morris disability questionnaire and an increase in the short-form quality of life questionnaire. Conclusion: The effectiveness of back school programs in chronic back pain patients seems to be due to the physical exercise component and not on account of the educational lessons.
Weed infestation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) under different tillage systems
Authors: Gawęda Dorota , Cierpiała Rafał , Harasim Elżbieta , Wesołowski Marian , Bujak Karol
Published: April 2015

Direct drilling is one of the methods to reduce tillage costs. Low labor intensity of this system also makes it possible to grow crops in locations where it is a problem to maintain optimal sowing time. However, the use of no-tillage can cause increased weed infestation of crop plants and as a consequence a decline in crop yields. The present study investigated the effect of two tillage systems, plough tillage and direct drilling, on the species composition, density and air-dry weight of weeds in crops of two soybean cultivars (‘Aldana’ and ‘Augusta’). A three-year field experiment was set up on loess-derived gray-brown podzolic soil. The study showed that the use of direct drilling for soybean cropping resulted in a significant increase in the density and dry weight of weeds relative to plough tillage. The study also found richer floristic composition of weeds and an increase in the numbers of dominant species under no-tillage conditions. Elymus repens, Echinochloa crus-galli and Chenopodium album were dominant weed species in all experimental treatments. Chenopodium album and Galinsoga parviflora were characterized by the highest constancy (constancy classes V and IV) in crops of both soybean cultivars, whereas Echinochloa crus-galli showed the highest constancy value in the ‘Aldana’ crop. Under direct drilling, most weed species were found to exhibit higher constancy compared to plough tillage.
Nectar defense and hydrogen peroxide in floral nectar of Cucurbita pepo
Authors: Nocentini Daniele , Guarnieri Massimo , Soligo Chiara
Published: April 2015

This study was carried out to investigate some similarities between the nectaries of Nicotiana sp. and Cucurbita pepo, such as starch accumulation in the nectary parenchyma, changes in nectary color during maturation, and the production of a large quantity of sucrose-dominant nectar. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in C. pepo floral nectar was determined in order to verify the presence of a defense mechanism similar to that found in Nicotiana sp. which protects nectar from yeast and bacteria proliferation. We also tested the eventual accumulation of antioxidants in the nectary of C. pepo as a protection against oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. The level of hydrogen peroxide found in the floral nectar of C. pepo was much lower than that found in Nicotiana sp. and the male flowers of Cucurbita had a higher concentration than the female flowers. The low oxidative stress induced by this level of hydrogen peroxide caused the accumulation of a low amount of lutein inside the plastoglobules which were contained in amyloplasts. Plastids of the C. pepo nectary are specialized in the accumulation of starch rather than antioxidants.
Metodologias ativas: um relato de experiência de estudantes de graduação em medicina da Universidade Vila Velha na disciplina de Interação Comunitária
Authors: Dalla Marcello Dala Bernardina , Moura Gabriel Alfena Gamaro de , Bergamaschi Mariana Scandian
Published: April 2015

Este artigo relata a experiência de aplicação de metodologias ativas na disciplina “Programa de Interação Serviço Ensino e Comunidade” (PISEC) do curso de Medicina da Universidade Vila Velha (UVV). Utilizou-se a metodologia da problematização, que consiste em cinco passos: observação da realidade; definição de pontos-chave; teorização; hipótese de solução e aplicação à realidade. A problematização oportuniza a reflexão mediada pelo professor sobre atividades de interação, sendo um elemento chave para a satisfação pessoal dos alunos e para a melhoria do processo de aprendizagem.
A pessoa como centro do cuidado na prática do médico de família
Authors: Lopes José Mauro Ceratti , Ribeiro Jorge Alberto Rosa
Published: April 2015

Objetivo: uma atuação centrada na pessoa é considerada essencial para o médico de família e comunidade considerando-se as mudanças ocorridas na sociedade nos séculos XIX e XX. Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso, cujo objetivo foi identificar se os componentes que caracterizam inequivocamente o Método de Abordagem Clínica Centrada na Pessoa (MCCP) estão presentes na prática do médico de família. Métodos: os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com médicos de família e com pessoas por eles atendidas, sendo os depoimentos gravados, transcritos e analisados com base no Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: identificaram-se aspectos comuns ou contraditórios nos discursos de pessoas e médicos sobre a aplicação da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa. Conclusão: ainda não existe por parte dos médicos de família um conhecimento adequado sobre significado e aplicação de uma Abordagem Clínica Centrada na Pessoa.
Percepções dos profissionais de saúde sobre a Estratégia Saúde da Família: equidade, universalidade, trabalho em equipe e promoção da saúde/prevenção de doenças
Authors: Soratto Jacks , Witt Regina Rigatto , Pires Denise Elvira Pires de , Schoeller Soraia Dornelles , Sipriano Claudio Alex de Souza
Published: April 2015

Objetivo: analisar as percepções dos profissionais de atenção primária à saúde sobre a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) em um município do sul do Brasil. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa e exploratório-descritiva realizada com 15 trabalhadores da ESF. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da observação participante e de oficinas orientadas pelo Método Criativo Sensível, e analisados segundo a Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Resultados: as percepções dos profissionais enfatizaram duas categorias ligadas aos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) universalidade e equidade, e outras duas categorias vinculadas ao trabalho em equipe e à prevenção de doenças/promoção da saúde. Conclusão: As percepções dos profissionais sugerem a Estratégia Saúde da Família como local de difusão de ações curativas, mas também, de promoção da mudança do modelo vigente de cuidado em saúde.
Conhecimentos dos agentes comunitários de saúde sobre crack e outras drogas
Authors: Fernandes Analine , Stein Airton Tetelbom , Giugliani Camila
Published: April 2015

Objetivo: identificar os conhecimentos dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS), do município de Passo Fundo sobre o crack e outras drogas e descrever os perfis sociodemográfico e de saúde. Métodos: estudo descritivo realizado com 78 ACS de Passo Fundo. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado e autoaplicável sobre dados demográficos e de saúde dos ACS, e de um questionário de investigação dos conhecimentos sobre crack e demais drogas. Foram realizados análise descritiva, teste de Tukey e correlações lineares de Pearson e Spearman. Resultados: todos os ACS eram do sexo feminino, com idade média de 41,1±9,6 anos, sendo que 57,7% delas possuíam o ensino médio completo e 69,2% eram casadas. Além disso, 11,5% eram tabagistas, 93,6% negaram dependência ao álcool, e a maioria tinha dependentes químicos em sua área de abrangência. Metade delas apresentou problemas familiares. Em relação à saúde, 29,5% obtiveram SRQ com pontuação sugerindo possibilidade de Transtornos Mentais Comuns, e 51,3% afirmaram ser portadoras de doenças crônicas. A prova de conhecimentos obteve 34,5% de média de acertos, sendo o maior número de respostas corretas entre as ACS com maior escolaridade (p=0,006). Conclusão: o baixo número de acertos em teste de conhecimento evidencia uma necessidade urgente: a de reforçar a formação das ACS. O perfil específico dessas profissionais suscita a necessidade de maior atenção à sua saúde, bem como de novas pesquisas na área.
Prevalência de hiperutilizadores de serviços de saúde com histórico positivo para depressão em Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Carvalho Iana Pires do Amaral , Carvalho Cesar Gattermann Xavier , Lopes José Mauro Ceratti
Published: April 2015

Objetivo: estudar a associação entre história de depressão e hiperutilização de serviços de saúde (HSS) entre usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), além de estabelecer a prevalência de HSS, o número médio de consultas e o perfil epidemiológico dos grupos com história positiva e negativa para depressão. Métodos: os dados foram obtidos de prontuários familiares de duas Unidades de Saúde. Para analisar dados sobre o desfecho primário e para comparar o perfil epidemiológico dos grupos foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Para comparar a diferença na média de consultas entre os grupos, utilizou-se o teste t de student. Resultados: foram analisados 278 pacientes. As prevalências de depressão e de HSS na amostra foram, respectivamente, de 15,1 e 4,3%. Houve diferença na prevalência de HSS no grupo com história positiva para depressão, 14,3%, quando comparado ao grupo com história negativa para depressão, 2,5% (RP = 5,62, IC 95% 1,90 a 16,59, p = 0,004). A média de consultas no grupo com história positiva para depressão foi de 5,25 consultas/ano, enquanto no grupo com história negativa para depressão foi de 2,59, com diferença de médias de 2,65 (IC 95% 1,90 a 3,40; p < 0,001). Observou-se também maior prevalência de dispepsia e uso de antidepressivos entre HSS. Conclusão: os resultados reforçam dados da literatura, indicando que pessoas com histórico de depressão tendem a utilizar mais os serviços de APS, apresentando uma prevalência maior de HSS. Dessa forma, um maior conhecimento acerca do perfil dos HSS permitirá desenvolver abordagens mais resolutivas para esses usuários.
Associação do risco familiar com saúde bucal, qualidade de vida e variáveis socioeconômicas
Authors: Villa Nova Fabio Antonio , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi , Pereira Stela Márcia , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Meneghin Marcelo de Castro
Published: April 2015

Objetivo: avaliar a relação do risco familiar com saúde bucal, qualidade de vida e variáveis socioeconômicas. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal com 311 indivíduos com idade entre 18 e 71 anos, residentes na área de abrangência de quatro unidades de saúde da família (USF), localizadas em dois municípios do estado de São Paulo. Os voluntários foram avaliados de acordo com: (1) situação clínica (CPO-D e necessidade de tratamento), (2) autopercepção de saúde bucal (OHIP-14), (3) qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-BREF), e (4) condição socioeconômica. Para avaliar o risco familiar, utilizou-se a Escala de Coelho. Os dados foram analisados por meio de modelo multinível formado por componentes fixos (representados pelas variáveis estudadas) e componentes aleatórios (representados pelos bairros e pelas variâncias nos diferentes níveis). Resultados: a média de idade dos participantes foi de 36,7 anos (dp=13), com CPO-D médio de 12,9 (dp=7,0). A média da Escala de Risco de Coelho entre os voluntários foi de 2,67 com erro padrão de 0,32. Apresentaram maior escore de risco total os indivíduos de maior idade (p=0,0486), que moravam em casas com mais residentes (p<0,001), com menos anos de escolaridade (p=0,0137), que não possuíam automóvel (p=0,0048) e com maior escore de OHIP-14 (p=0,0130). Conclusão: a escala de risco familiar associou-se positivamente às variáveis socioeconômicas, e os indivíduos com maior risco familiar apresentaram pior autopercepção da saúde bucal, mas não percebiam uma pior qualidade de vida em geral.
Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions in a Geriatric Indian Population
Authors: Patil Santosh , Doni Bharti , Maheshwari Sneha
Published: April 2015

BackgroundOral health is important to individuals of all age groups. Previous epidemiologic studies of the oral health status of the general population in India provided very little information about oral mucosal lesions in the elderly. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the oral lesions in a geriatric Indian population.Methods5,100 patients were clinically evaluated, with age ranging from 60 to 98 years. There were 3,100 males and 2,000 females, with a mean age of 69 ± 6.3 yrs. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS software, where p < .05 was considered to be significant.Results64% of the patients presented with one or more oral lesions, associated to tobacco, betel nut consumption, and lesions secondary to trauma and prosthesis. Males were more affected than females and this difference was clinically not significant (p > .05). The lesions were more frequently observed between 65 to 70 yrs. The most common alterations observed were smoker’s palate (43%), denture stomatitis (34%), oral submucous fibrosis (30%), frictional keratosis (23%), leukoplakia (22%), and pyogenic granuloma (22%). Hard palate was the most commonly affected site (23.1%).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study provide important information when clinically evaluating oral cavity in elderly. Close follow-up and systematic evaluation is required in the elderly population to plan future treatment needs.
Cultural Awareness in Two UK Counselling Psychology Settings: Initial Training and Supervision
Authors: Martin Peter Andrew
Published: April 2015

The issue of cultural awareness is inherent in every expression of social science. This paper addresses this topic in a Counselling Psychology context by presenting and discussing two separate questionnaires. Both were sent out to UK Counselling Psychologists between March and May 2013. The first on cultural awareness provision in training was sent to all 14 UK Counselling Psychology training institutions. The second questionnaire related to the experience of supervising or being supervised in the context of “cultural awareness”. This was sent to all 3000 BPS Division members. The purpose of the questionnaires was to find out about current practice, opinions, attitudes and perceived problems as they relate to cultural awareness. The questions in each case were usually multi-choice but responses that are outside of the categories offered were all included in the full results. The results of the training questionnaire indicated a varied coverage of the syllabi from being inherent in the philosophy of a training course, to being a specifically targeted area of teaching and learning. The chief problem in offering such teaching is lack of time on the syllabus. Experience of supervision was also very varied, and ranged from cultural issues being dealt with in great depth, to the experience of such issues being ignored. The discussion raises the key issues the responses pose and asks some of the questions that need answers from the whole psychological and wider community.
Men’s Perceptions Concerning Disclosure of a Partner’s Abortion: Implications for Counseling
Authors: Coyle Catherine T. , Rue Vincent M.
Published: April 2015

Utilizing an online survey, adult male partners of women who underwent induced abortion were queried concerning the men’s disclosure of the experience to others. Responses were obtained from 101 men who identified positive and negative aspects related to their disclosure. Positive aspects included: relief, spiritual benefits, support, acceptance, empathy, forgiveness, helping others, acknowledgment of child, and increased understanding. Negative aspects included: lack of empathy, pain of facing reality, lack of resolution, and condemnation. For this group of men, disclosure was perceived positively more often than negatively. Implications for counseling are discussed.
Correspondencia entre la ideología político-educativa del franquismo y el contenido de las asignaturas obligatorias de moral profesional y religión de los estudios enfermeros
Authors: Hernández Conesa Juana María , Torralba Madrid María José , Navarro Perán María Ágeles
Published: April 2015

Con este estudio hemos establecido la correspondencia entre la ideología y la política-educativa franquista en los estudios enfermeros en España. La investigación pone de manifiesto, a través del análisis gadameriano  de los Contenidos de  las asignaturas de Moral Profesional y  Religión, la determinante influencia de la Iglesia Católica en esta enseñanza. Asimismo, hemos construido un debate específico, hasta ahora inexplorado, acerca de los Contenidos y sus Destinatarios, llevándonos a concluir que, los estudios de Enfermería durante el Franquismo, se determinan como una enseñanza “sin un fin en sí misma”. El cambio de denominación de estos estudios, de Enfermera en Ayudante Técnico Sanitario, relega otros objetivos educativos relacionados con el desarrollo de aptitudes de reflexión crítica y científica. Todo ello implica una redefinición social de esta enseñanza.
Mise sur pied d’une mesure de la compréhension de textes en langue seconde
Authors: Pichette François , de Serres Linda , Lafontaine Marc
Published: April 2015

La technique de vérification de phrases (TVP) (Royer, Hastings et Hook, 1979) est utilisée par des enseignants pour vérifier la lisibilité de textes destinés à leurs étudiants. Après la lecture de courts textes, les participants doivent indiquer si le sens d’énoncés qui leur sont présentés correspond à ce qu’ils ont lu. Ces énoncés consistent en des modifications de phrases du texte (paraphrase, changement de sens), en des phrases intactes ou en l’ajout de leurres. Cet article présente la mise sur pied d’un premier test TVP pour mesurer l’habileté en compréhension en lecture de l’anglais langue seconde. Quatre textes sur des sujets distincts d’intérêt général, de 12 phrases chacun, ont été soumis à deux échelles de lisibilité. À la lumière de recherches antérieures, l’article présente les étapes de l’élaboration de cet instrument, suivi de la mise à l’essai auprès de plus de 200 universitaires francophones apprenant l’anglais comme langue seconde. Pour les chercheurs, les tests standardisés actuels ne sont pas en accès libre ce qui, de ce fait, occasionne des coûts; par ailleurs, ils sont longs à compléter. Compte tenu des résultats de cette mise à l’essai, notre instrument semble être une alternative prometteuse à des tests standardisés pour mesurer l’habileté de compréhension en lecture de l’anglais L2.
L’influence du contexte statistique sur le raisonnement proportionnel d’élèves du primaire
Authors: Mai Huy Khoi , Theis Laurent , Mary Claudine
Published: April 2015

L’objectif général de cette recherche1est de décrire et de comprendre de quelle manière le contexte statistique, caractérisé d’un côté par une non-linéarité et d’un autre côté par une relation de quasi-proportionnalité, influence le raisonnement proportionnel chez des élèves au 3ecycle du primaire. Pour ce faire, nous avons présenté quatre problèmes à deux équipes de trois élèves. Les résultats de notre recherche procurent des connaissances d’une part sur l’influence du contexte statistique sur le raisonnement proportionnel des élèves du primaire et d’autre part sur la richesse des différents raisonnements chez ces élèves, notamment de la prépondérance de la moyenne et du raisonnement statistique dans la résolution des problèmes statistiques et des problèmes impliquant des données quasi proportionnelles.
A library of MiMICs allows tagging of genes and reversible, spatial and temporal knockdown of proteins in Drosophila
Authors: Nagarkar-Jaiswal Sonal , Lee Pei-Tseng , Campbell Megan E , Chen Kuchuan , Anguiano-Zarate Stephanie , Cantu Gutierrez Manuel , Busby Theodore , Lin Wen-Wen , He Yuchun , Schulze Karen L , Booth Benjamin W , Evans-Holm Martha , Venken Koen JT , Levis Robert W , Spradling Allan C , Hoskins Roger A , Bellen Hugo J
Published: April 2015

Here, we document a collection of ∼7434 MiMIC (Minos Mediated Integration Cassette) insertions of which 2854 are inserted in coding introns. They allowed us to create a library of 400 GFP-tagged genes. We show that 72% of internally tagged proteins are functional, and that more than 90% can be imaged in unfixed tissues. Moreover, the tagged mRNAs can be knocked down by RNAi against GFP (iGFPi), and the tagged proteins can be efficiently knocked down by deGradFP technology. The phenotypes associated with RNA and protein knockdown typically correspond to severe loss of function or null mutant phenotypes. Finally, we demonstrate reversible, spatial, and temporal knockdown of tagged proteins in larvae and adult flies. This new strategy and collection of strains allows unprecedented in vivo manipulations in flies for many genes. These strategies will likely extend to vertebrates.
Spectrin regulates Hippo signaling by modulating cortical actomyosin activity
Authors: Deng Hua , Wang Wei , Yu Jianzhong , Zheng Yonggang , Qing Yun , Pan Duojia
Published: April 2015

The Hippo pathway controls tissue growth through a core kinase cascade that impinges on the transcription of growth-regulatory genes. Understanding how this pathway is regulated in development remains a major challenge. Recent studies suggested that Hippo signaling can be modulated by cytoskeletal tension through a Rok-myosin II pathway. How cytoskeletal tension is regulated or its relationship to the other known upstream regulators of the Hippo pathway remains poorly defined. In this study, we identify spectrin, a contractile protein at the cytoskeleton-membrane interface, as an upstream regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway. We show that, in contrast to canonical upstream regulators such as Crumbs, Kibra, Expanded, and Merlin, spectrin regulates Hippo signaling in a distinct way by modulating cortical actomyosin activity through non-muscle myosin II. These results uncover an essential mediator of Hippo signaling by cytoskeleton tension, providing a new entry point to dissecting how mechanical signals regulate Hippo signaling in living tissues.
Response of the subtropical North Atlantic surface hydrography on deglacial and Holocene AMOC changes
Authors: Repschläger Janne , Weinelt Mara , Kinkel Hanno , Andersen Nils , Garbe‐Schönberg Dieter , Schwab Christian
Published: April 2015

The North Atlantic subtropical gyre (STG) circulates warm waters between 10 and 40°N and is a potential area of heat storage during periods of reduced North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), when warm salt‐rich waters are retained in the subtropics. In this study, we investigated multicentennial to millennial scale changes in subtropical North Atlantic hydrography in response to AMOC changes during the last deglaciation and early Holocene, using sediment cores MD08‐3180 and GEOFAR KF16. The coring site (38°N) is situated near the boundary between transitional eastern North Atlantic waters and STG waters that is formed by the Azores Front. Hydrographic changes are reconstructed using new stable isotope data of benthic and subsurface dwelling planktonic foraminifera, Mg/Ca measurements on planktonic foraminifera, and planktonic foraminifera abundances that are supplemented with published sea surface temperature and stable isotope data. These multiproxy data indicate a close coupling between the latitudinal position of the northern STG boundary and deglacial AMOC modes. During weak AMOC phases (Heinrich event 1, Younger Dryas (YD), 8.2 ka event), Northern Hemisphere subpolar water reached down to the northern STG boundary, displacing the boundary southward. During the Bølling‐Allerød warm period, a strong warming trend of the subtropical region to 19°C is observed. A cooling of the sea surface temperature by 6°C during the YD is accompanied by ongoing northward transport of warm subsurface water that might have contributed to the restart of AMOC.
Frictional properties of fault zone gouges from the J‐FAST drilling project (Mw 9.0 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake)
Authors: Remitti F. , Smith S. A. F. , Mittempergher S. , Gualtieri A. F. , Di Toro G.
Published: April 2015

Smectite‐rich fault gouges recovered during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 (Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (J‐FAST)) from the plate boundary slip zone of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake were deformed at slip velocities of 10 µm s−1 to 3.5 m s−1 and normal stresses up to 12 MPa. Water‐dampened gouges (1) are weaker (apparent friction coefficient, μ* <0.1) than room‐humidity gouges (apparent friction coefficient, μ* ~0.1–0.35) at all slip velocities, (2) are velocity insensitive to velocity weakening at all slip velocities, unlike room‐humidity gouges that are velocity strengthening at intermediate velocities (V = 0.001–0.1 m s−1), and (3) have negligible peak μ* at high slip velocities (V > 0.1 m s−1). A significant amount of amorphous material formed in room‐humidity experiments at low‐ and high‐slip velocities, likely by comminution and disordering of smectite. Our results indicate that the frictional properties of water‐dampened gouges could have facilitated propagation of the Tohoku‐oki rupture to the trench and large coseismic slip at shallow depths.
Impact of Therapy on Metabolic Syndrome in Young Adult Premenopausal Female Lupus Patients: Beneficial Effect of Antimalarials
Authors: Muniz Luciana F. , Pereira Rosa M. R. , Silva Thiago F. , Bonfá Eloisa , Borba Eduardo F.
Published: April 2015

Objective

There are no data about the main factors associated with metabolic syndrome in young premenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of metabolic syndrome and disease‐ or therapy‐related factors in premenopausal young SLE patients.

Methods

A total of 103 premenopausal SLE patients ages <40 years were selected and compared to 35 healthy premenopausal age‐matched women. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the 2009 Joint Interim Statement.

Results

A higher frequency of metabolic syndrome (22.3% versus 5.7%; P = 0.03) was observed in the SLE group. Metabolic syndrome–SLE patients had higher SLE Disease Activity Index scores (mean ± SD 5.9 ± 7.6 versus 1.9 ± 2.7; P = 0.006), more frequently had previous renal disease (73.9% versus 51.2%; P = 0.05) and current renal disease (34.8% versus 10.0%; P = 0.008), and had higher current prednisone dose (median [range] 20 [0–60] versus 5 [0–60] mg/dl; P = 0.018) and cumulative prednisone dose (mean ± SD 41.48 ± 27.81 versus 24.7 ± 18.66 gm; P = 0.023) than those without metabolic syndrome. Chloroquine was less frequently used in metabolic syndrome–SLE patients (65.2% versus 90.0%; P = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, only current chloroquine use (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.29, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.13–0.64) and cumulative prednisone were associated with metabolic syndrome (PR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04). Further estimated prevalence analysis identified the fact that antimalarial use promoted continuous decrease in the progressive metabolic syndrome prevalence associated with glucocorticoid cumulative dose.

Conclusion

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is high in premenopausal young adult SLE patients. Chloroquine has a protective effect on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in these patients, and this benefit counteracts the deleterious effect of glucocorticoids in a dose‐dependent manner.
Design and characterization of polypropylene matrix/glass fibers composite materials
Authors: Sönmez Maria , Georgescu Mihai , Vâlsan Mihaela , Radulescu Marius , Ficai Denisa , Voicu Georgeta , Ficai Anton , Alexandrescu Laurentia
Published: April 2015

In this article, polymer composites based on polypropylene (PP) matrix reinforced with short glass fibers type E (GF‐type E) were obtained. However, to ensure good interfacial adhesion and stress transfer across the interface, the influence of the chemical functionalization of the phases was analyzed. The better interfacial adhesion is assured by the use of maleic anhydride grafted PP and amino‐functionalized GF. The obtained composite materials were tested from the point of view of composition, morphology, and mechanical properties. It can conclude that the chemical functionalization of the two phases is beneficial from the point of view of compatibility of the phases and consequently higher mechanical properties are obtained. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42163.
Vinculin focal adhesion of osteoblast‐like cells on PEEK coated with ultra‐thin polymer nano films
Authors: Awaja Firas , Carletti Eleonora , Bonani Walter , Speranza Giorgio
Published: April 2015

PEEK is the polymer of choice to replace metal encapsulants and other parts in active medical implants fixated into bone. The current challenge is to improve its biocompatibility with bone tissue to ultimately achieve osseointegration. PEEK sheets surfaces coated with plasma deposited nano thin polymer films using CH4, (CH4 + O2) and (CH4 + N2) gases. PEEK samples plasma treated with nonpolymerizing gases (O2) were also used for comparison. The adhesion performance of osteoblast like cells on the plasma‐treated PEEK surfaces and the presence of Vinculin in these cells were evaluated after long culturing period (12 days). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger spectroscopy were used to provide surface molecular information, surface hardness and molecular density. All plasma‐treated surfaces retained functionality after the sterilization process. PEEK surfaces with high number of oxygen functional groups and particularly oxygen rich thin polymer coating (plasma deposition using CH4+O2 gas mixture) resulted in strong cellular adhesion strength and large Vinculin amount. Further, osteoblast‐like cells responded better to surfaces with lower molecular density acting like another signal for cell adhesion. The osteoblast‐like cells response was weaker for surfaces with both thin films with nitrogen functional groups and nonfunctional (nonpolar) films. Furthermore, thin films rich in nitrogen functional groups repelled the cells, showed abnormal cells shape, smaller Vinculin amount and induced thicker cellular clusters with poor spread. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42181.
Brief Report: Autocrine Cytokine–Mediated Deficiency of TRAIL‐Induced Monocyte Apoptosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Meusch Undine , Klingner Maria , Mathar Christoph , Malysheva Olga , Baerwald Christoph , Rossol Manuela , Wagner Ulf
Published: April 2015

Objective

Dysregulated apoptosis of monocytes is a pathogenic feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TRAIL and TRAIL‐induced apoptosis in patients with RA.

Methods

Cell surface expression and serum concentrations of TRAIL were determined in 63 patients with RA, and TRAIL‐induced monocyte apoptosis was quantified. Surface expression of TRAILR‐1, TRAILR‐2, TRAILR‐3, TRAILR‐4, CXCR1, and CXCR2 was determined, and intracellular signal transduction was investigated. In 8 patients with RA, clinical and laboratory parameters of disease activity were investigated longitudinally, before and after initiation of treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors.

Results

Serum concentrations of both TRAIL and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) were increased in patients with RA, while cell surface expression of the TRAIL receptors TRAILR‐1, TRAILR‐2, TRAILR‐3, and TRAILR‐4 was diminished. TRAIL‐induced monocyte apoptosis was significantly decreased in RA due to increased TRAIL‐induced IL‐8 secretion by RA monocytes. The combined effect of TRAIL and IL‐8 on monocytes resulted in activation of antiapoptotic pathways, including p42/44 MAPK and p38. Susceptibility to TRAIL‐induced apoptosis was restored in RA monocytes after 3 months of TNF inhibition.

Conclusion

In RA, circulating monocytes with the potential to produce proinflammatory cytokines appear to have defects in several pathways of apoptosis induction, among which is a deficiency in TRAIL‐induced apoptosis. Although this resistance to apoptosis might contribute to perpetuation of the disease, it remains to be determined whether specific induction of apoptosis could be therapeutically beneficial.
Preparation of the Monolith of Hierarchical Macro‐/Mesoporous Calcium Silicate Ultrathin Nanosheets with Low Thermal Conductivity by Means of Ambient‐Pressure Drying
Authors: Bai Jilin , Li Yuanzhi , Xiang Jiwei , Ren Lu , Mao Mingyang , Zeng Min , Zhao Xiujian
Published: April 2015

Calcium silicate monolith was prepared by the hydrothermal reaction of a slurry of SiO2, calcium hydroxide, and surfactant (OP‐10) obtained by high‐energy ball milling, followed by drying at ambient pressure. By using this strategy, the shrinkage due to the collapse of pores during the drying of porous materials, which is a commonly observed phenomena, was successfully avoided. It has a unique microstructure of hierarchical macro‐/mesoporous ultrathin calcium silicate nanosheets with a layered gyrolite crystalline structure. Very interestingly, the calcium silicate nanosheets can be peeled off to give a single‐layer nanosheet (1.23 nm) of gyrolite by ultrasonication. The monolith has a low apparent density (0.073 g cm−3) and low thermal conductivity (0.0399 W K−1 m−1). The reasons behind why the formation of the unique hierarchical macro‐/mesoporous ultrathin nanosheets avoids shrinkage during the hydrothermal reaction and drying, and considerably decreases the thermal conductivity, is discussed.
Sensorless Control of Induction Machine Supplied by Current Source Inverter
Authors: Morawiec Marcin
Published: April 2015

The paper describes the voltage control technique of induction machines supplied by a current source inverter. The control system is based on proposed new multi‐scalar variables, which are named “r.” The control system contains the output filter capacitor's model. In the sensorless control system the Z type backstepping speed observer was applied. The mathematical dependences are confirmed by simulation and experimental research.
Development of a modular virus clearance package for anion exchange chromatography operated in weak partitioning mode
Authors: Iskra Timothy , Sacramo Ashley , Gallo Chris , Godavarti Ranga , Chen Shuang , Lute Scott , Brorson Kurt
Published: April 2015

Anion exchange chromatography (AEX) operated under weak partitioning mode has been proven to be a powerful polishing step as well as a robust viral clearance step in Pfizer's monoclonal antibody (mAb) platform purification process. A multivariate design of experiment (DoE) study was conducted to understand the impact of operating parameters and feedstream impurity levels on viral clearance by weak partitioning mode AEX. Bacteriophage was used initially as a surrogate for neutral and acidic isoelectric point mammalian viruses (e.g., retrovirus and parvovirus). Five different mAbs were used in the evaluation of process parameters such as load challenge (both product and impurities), load pH, load conductivity, and contact time (bed height and flow‐rate). The operating ranges obtained from phage clearance studies and Pfizer's historical data were used to define an appropriate operating range for a subsequent clearance study with model retrovirus and parvovirus. Both phage and virus clearance evaluations included feedstreams containing different levels of impurities such as high molecular mass species (HMMS), host cell proteins (HCPs), and host cell DNA. For all the conditions tested, over 5 log10 of clearance for both retrovirus and parvovirus was achieved. The results demonstrated that weak partitioning mode AEX chromatography is a robust step for viral clearance and has the potential to be included as part of the modular viral clearance approach. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:750–757, 2015