bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The assessment of physical risk taking: Preliminary construct validation of a new behavioral measure
Authors: Smith Edward A. , Benning Stephen D.
Published: October 2021

Risk taking is a complex heterogeneous construct that has proven difficult to assess, especially when using behavioral tasks. We present an exploratory investigation of new measure–the Assessment of Physical Risk Taking (APRT). APRT produces a variety of different outcome scores and is designed as a comprehensive assessment of the probability of success and failure, and magnitude of reward and punishment of different types of simulated physically risky behaviors. Effects observed on the simulated behaviors are hypothesized to reflect similar effects on real world physical risks. Participants (N= 224) completed APRT in a laboratory setting, half of whom had a 1.5 s delay interposed between button presses. Exploratory analyses utilizing generalized estimating equations examined the main effects and two-way interactions among five within-subject factors, as well as two-way interactions between the within-subject factors and Delay across four APRT outcome scores. Results indicated that Injury Magnitude and Injury Probability exerted stronger effects than any of the other independent variables. Participants also completed several self-report measures of risk taking and associated constructs (e.g., sensation seeking), which were correlated with APRT scores to assess the preliminary convergent and divergent validity of the new measure. After correcting for multiple comparisons, APRT scores correlated with self-reported risk taking in thrilling, physically dangerous activities specifically, but only for those who did not have a delay between APRT responses. This promising exploratory investigation highlights the need for future studies comparing APRT to other behavioral risk taking tasks, examining the robustness of the observed APRT effects, and investigating how APRT may predict real-world physical risk taking.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists use in patients with heart failure and impaired renal function
Authors: Jonsson Holmdahl Anna , Norberg Helena , Valham Fredrik , Bergdahl Ellinor , Lindmark Krister
Published: October 2021

Aims

Impaired renal function is a major contributor to the low proportion of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Our aims were to investigate the impact of MRA treatment on all-cause mortality and worsening renal function (WRF) in patients with HFrEF and moderately impaired renal function.

Methods

Retrospective data between 2010–2018 on HFrEF patients from a single-centre hospital with estimated glomerular renal function (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 were analysed. WRF was defined as a decline of by eGFR ≥ 20%.

Results

416 patients were included, 131 patients on MRA and 285 without MRA, mean age was 77 years (SD ± 9) and 82 years (SD ± 9), respectively. Median follow-up was 2 years. 128 patients (32%) experienced WRF, 25% in the MRA group and 30% in patients without MRA (p = 0.293). In multivariable analysis, hospitalization for heart failure and systolic blood pressure were associated with WRF (p = 0.015 and p = <0.001), but not use of MRA (p = 0.421). MRA treatment had no impact on the risk of adjusted all-cause mortality (HR 0.93; 95% CI, 0.66–1.32 p = 0.685). WRF was associated with increased adjusted risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.07–1.89 p = 0.014). Use of MRA did not increase the adjusted overall risk of mortality even when experiencing WRF (HR 1.15; 95% CI, 0.81–1.63 p = 0.422).

Conclusion

In this cohort of elderly HFrEF patients with moderately impaired renal function, MRA did not increase risk for WRF or all-cause mortality.
Pharmaceuticals wastage and pharmaceuticals waste management in public health facilities of Dessie town, North East Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Solomon Ahmed , Kahissay Mesfin Haile , Hailu Abel Demerew
Published: October 2021

Background

Pharmaceuticals wastes are drugs and medicines that can no longer be used. The improper disposal of unused medicines is a growing problem throughout the world. This study assessed the pharmaceutical wastage rate and pharmaceutical waste management for the year 2015 to 2017 in the public health facility of Dessie, Ethiopia.

Methodology

A cross-section study design was used to review logistic data retrospectively from health commodity management information systems and manual records in 8 health facilities. Health professionals’ (135) pharmaceutical waste management practices were assessed using the world health organization waste management checklist. Descriptive and inferential statistics were made using a statistical package for social sciences version 20.

Result

Supplies were the leading class of pharmaceuticals with an overall wastage rate of 37.1%. Tablet and injectable constituted the highest class of pharmaceuticals dosage form with the overall wastage rate of 20.78% and 16.49%. The overall pharmaceutical wastage rate was 3.68% amounting to USD 159,762.66 and expiry (92.05%) was the major reason for wastage. The pharmaceutical wastage rate of health centers was nearly twofold higher than hospitals. Pharmaceutical waste management was practiced by 105 (77%; 95% CI; 69.9%, 84.9%) health professionals. Determinants of pharmaceutical waste management were being male (P value = 0.08, AOR = 3.72), receiving training (P value = 0.01, AOR = 4.34), writing label (P value = 0.02, AOR = 5.04), storage of segregated waste in dispensing unit (P value = 0.01, AOR = 0.72) and the presence of disposal plan (P value = 0.002, AOR = 16.93).

Conclusions

Supplies and tablets constituted the highest wastage class of pharmaceuticals and dosage form. The pharmaceutical wastage rate was higher than the standard and increasing in successive years. Pharmaceutical waste management was not fully practiced. Appropriate inventory control and waste management are recommended.
"Smuggling in Accidental Poetry": Cognitive and Stylistic Strategies of a Stammering Teen in David Mitchell's Black Swan Green
Authors: Robert-Murail Constance
Published: October 2021

In this article, Constance Robert-Murail will explore the poetic »accidents« at work in two extracts of Black Swan Green (2006) by David Mitchell. The novel tells the trials and musings of Jason Taylor, a thoughtful 13-year-old growing up in a backwater town full of strange neighbours and middle-school bullies. Throughout the year 1982, the reader witnesses Jason mediating between the various personae of his fragmented identity: Unborn Twin, his faint-hearted alter ego; Eliot Bolivar, the nom-de-plume he uses to write poems for the local parish newspaper; and, most importantly, Hangman, a malignant personification of his stammer. According to Garan Holcombe, David Mitchell's own experience of stammering has provided the novelist with a particular »sensitivity toward the formal necessity of coherence and structure« (Holcombe, 2013). The extract I have decided to focus on dramatises the onset of Jason's speech impediment and acts as a »high emotional intensity passage« (Toolan, 2012) within the structure of the coming-of-age narrative. A close stylistic reading of this particular text highlights the juxtaposition of Jason's pathological speechlessness and his bustling, bubbling inner monologue. This opposition elicits a physical reaction within the reader, caught between frustration and delectation. I would argue that the multimodal nature of the extract generates what Pierre-Louis Patoine has called a »somesthetic« effect on the reader (Patoine, 2016). Stuttering, according to Professor Mark Onslow, is »an idiosyncratic disorder.« (Onslow, 2017). Word avoidance has led Jason to create his own grammar and lexicon: his youthful voice and palliative strategies allow Mitchell to smuggle in moments of »accidental« poetry. The cognitive exploration of Jason's stammer stands both at the core of the reader's response and at the centre of Mitchell's powerful poetics-and it is, last but not least, devastatingly funny.
El centro de investigación y capacitación en administración pública de Costa Rica como productor de conocimiento y tendencias científicas
Authors: Montero Corrales Carlos Alberto , Spatti Ana Carolina
Published: October 2021

El Centro de Investigación y Capacitación en Administración Pública (CICAP) de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) es una institución que por 49 años ha funcionado como vehículo de difusión del campo de conocimiento de la Administración Pública en Costa Rica. Dada su importancia en generar y difundir conocimiento para mejorar la capacidad de gestión de lo público, este artículo presenta una caracterización de la producción científica del Centro, fundamentando la discusión en dos preguntas: ¿Cómo se puede tomar decisiones basadas en evidencia para publicar y difundir a nivel internacional la producción científica en Administración Pública? Y ¿De qué manera la producción científica realizada en el CICAP resulta ser un insumo para la toma de decisiones con mayor impacto científico en las investigaciones en el campo? Para esto, se utiliza una metodología mixta basada en un estudio bibliométrico y entrevistas. Como resultado, fue posible identificar tanto la dinámica de producción de conocimiento del Centro, como potenciales líneas de investigación en el campo de la Administración Pública: Desarrollo Municipal, Administración Pública, Aduanas y Comercio Exterior y Gobierno Abierto. Por lo tanto, el artículo ofrece un aporte empírico al CICAP y un aporte teórico al campo de la Administración Pública.
Using Haar-like Features and SVM Classifier for Quality Assurance in a Surgical Mask Production Line
Authors: Marak Laszlo
Published: October 2021

With the recent increase for demand of surgical masks, the design and development of mask production lines has become an ever pressing issue. These production lines produce low cost high quantity products. As there are errors during the production, it is important to be able to detect invalid masks to assure that the produced masks are of consistent quality. Manual quality assurance using human operators is an error prone and a costly solution. In this article we describe an image classification method, which is using a low-cost Commercial Camera System and relies on Haar-like features combined with Maximum Relevance, Minimum Redundancy feature selection to detect the invalid masks at the end of the production process. The classification method consists of Preprocessing, Feature Selection and SVM Training. We have tested the method on a database of 150 000 images and it provides a high accuracy method which we use in the Production Line.
Jejak Historis Situs Eksplorasi Minyak Bajubang, Jambi
Authors: Faturahman Azis , Aman Aman
Published: October 2021

This article raises a discovery of one of the cities rich in potential oil resources in Indonesia, precisely at Bajubang, Jambi Province. This article is based on research conducted using historical methods including the collection of primary and secondary sources, including archival and literature studies, observations, as well as in-depth interviews. Since the discovery of the first oil in Bajubang Laut in 1916 by the Dutch through their oil company namely, Nederlandsch-Indische Aardolie Maatschappij (NIAM). The oil exploration in Bajubang raised a conflict between the Dutch enterprise and the United States enterprise called Standard Vacuum Petroleum Maatschappij (SVPM). Bajubang exploration site is one of the best and largest in the world that produces the best quality oil up until now. It is pure oil, contains good gas pressure, and low wax content. Bajubang had been ruled by three different eras, including NIAM which was under the Dutch government in 1920-1942, the Japanese colonial period from 1942-1945, and post-independence operated by the Republic of Indonesia Oil Company (PERMIRI) which has been changed to Pertamina. The glory of Bajubang oil exploration site occurred when PERMIRI produced avian turbine products as aircraft fuel. Bajubang exploration site also leaves historical traces such as hospitals, Dutch settlement, Japanese cave, PERMIRI oil refinery, mining equipments, churches, cinemas, schools, oil pipelines, and golf courses.
Komunitas Berbaju Hitam: Sejarah, Perempuan, dan Pendidikan dalam Masyarakat Adat Tana Towa Kajang, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Husain Sarkawi B. , Puryanti Lina , Setijowati Adi
Published: October 2021

Studies on the Ammatowa indigenous people have been carried out by several researchers. Unfortunately, none of these studies have focused on the role and position of women in the Ammatowa people, both in their daily lives and in regard  to education. Therefore, this study fills that void. This study aims to identify the position and role of women in the life of the Ammatowa people; what specific roles are performed by women in customary areas; and how the traditions are still firmly held provide space for women to express themselves. As a study of a unique community, this study uses an ethnographic approach, by collecting, classifying, and analyzing the various positions of women in the Ammatowa Kajang community. In the traditional structure of Tana Towa, women have an important, strategic and respected position. In the structure of these customs, there is an important role played by a woman called Angrota who has the task and responsibility of preparing all the needs for traditional ceremonies, facilitating the selection of Ammatowa and inaugurating them. In the economic aspect, women have an important role in supporting the family’s financial, such as weaving, selling in the market, and farming. Meanwhile, education for Tana Towa women is still a major issue that needs serious attention. It is because the education world is related to issues of customs, and the family economy.
Rzeczpospolita Polska a współczesne wyzwania (globalnego) terroryzmu. Przyczynek do zrozumienia relacji terroryzmu, polityki i (edukacji dla) bezpieczeństwa
Authors: Małysz Zbigniew
Published: October 2021

This article is a combination of reporting and analysis, constituting a relatively innovative approach in the scientific literature. It combines a report on a science-topical conference with the author’s attempt to weigh up and analyse the 16 years (as of 2017 – Z.M.) of the “war on terror” in terms of security (both external and internal) and the Republic of Poland’s raison d’état with particular emphasis on what are termed “contemporary challenges and threats”, dynamically occurring in the so-called “broad security environment” (in the perspective of Central and Eastern Europevs. the EU and NATO) (see: Summary and Conclusions). The author has used his own holistic analytical-synthetic and predictive method in accordance with the analytical paradigm proposed by Col. dr hab. Mirosław Banasik (Ph.D.), professor at UJK (Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Poland) (2018 – see especially: p. 13).
The concept of social liberalism of Frederick August von Hayek
Authors: Wieczorek Emilia
Published: October 2021

According to some criteria, social liberalism is considered to be one of the types of liberalism. These studies are a reflection on Frederick August von Hayek’s concept of social liberalism, who is a supporter of political and economic freedom, but above all, individual freedom. This analysis aims to present the leading ideas of his social philosophy in the area of the function of the state, democracy, freedom, spontaneous order of individualism and equality.
Media in human life – their role and significance for social development and functioning1
Authors: Rugała Hanna
Published: October 2021

The media serve as a tool used for transmitting information, as well as a centre of social life. There is no doubt that over time they also became one of the most dominant areas of activity for children and young people. The paper aims to present the role and importance of the media in the lives of every human being, with particular emphasis on the young generation. The author takes a closer look at the media as an educational environment shaping society’s behaviour and way of thinking. The paper also outlines several examples of the impact and consequences that the use of mass media has on health and social functioning.
MultiCategory
Authors: Uotila Valter , Lu Jiaheng , Gawlick Dieter , Liu Zhen Hua , Das Souripriya , Pogossiants Gregory
Published: October 2021

The variety of data is one of the important issues in the era of Big Data. The data are naturally organized in different formats and models, including structured data, semi-structured data, and unstructured data. Prior research has envisioned an approach to abstract multi-model data with a schema category and an instance category by using category theory. In this paper, we demonstrate a system, called MultiCategory, which processes multi-model queries based on category theory and functional programming. This demo is centered around four main scenarios to show a tangible system. First, we show how to build a schema category and an instance category by loading different models of data, including relational, XML, key-value, and graph data. Second, we show a few examples of query processing by using the functional programming language Haskell. Third, we demo the flexible outputs with different models of data for the same input query. Fourth, to better understand the category theoretical structure behind the queries, we offer a variety of graphical hooks to explore and visualize queries as graphs with respect to the schema category, as well as the query processing procedure with Haskell.
ADESIT
Authors: Faure-Giovagnoli Pierre , Guilly Marie Le , Petit Jean-Marc , Scuturici Vasile-Marian
Published: October 2021

Thanks to the numerous machine learning tools available to us nowadays, it is easier than ever to derive a model from a dataset in the frame of a supervised learning problem. However, when this model behaves poorly compared with an expected performance, the underlying question of the existence of such a model is often underlooked and one might just be tempted to try different parameters or just choose another model architecture. This is why the quality of the learning examples should be considered as early as possible as it acts as a go/no go signal for the following potentially costly learning process. With ADESIT, we provide a way to evaluate the ability of a dataset to perform well for a given supervised learning problem through statistics and visual exploration. Notably, we base our work on recent studies proposing the use of functional dependencies and specifically counterexample analysis to provide dataset cleanliness statistics but also a theoretical upper bound on the prediction accuracy directly linked to the problem settings (measurement uncertainty, expected generalization...). In brief, ADESIT is intended to be part of an iterative data refinement process right after data selection and right before the machine learning process itself. With further analysis for a given problem, the user can characterize, clean and export dynamically selected subsets, allowing to better understand what regions of the data could be refined and where the data precision must be improved by using, for example, new or more precise sensors.
A demonstration of QARTA
Authors: Abbar Sofiane , Stanojevic Rade , Musleh Mashaal , ElShrif Mohamed , Mokbel Mohamed
Published: October 2021

This demo presents QARTA; an open-source full-fledged system for highly accurate and scalable map services. QARTA employs machine learning techniques to: (a) construct its own highly accurate map in terms of both map topology and edge weights, and (b) calibrate its query answers based on contextual information, including transportation modality, underlying algorithm, and time of day/week. The demo is based on actual deployment of QARTA in all Taxis in the State of Qatar and in the third-largest food delivery company in the country, and receiving hundreds of thousands of daily API calls with a real-time response time. Audience will be able to interact with the demo through various scenarios that show QARTA map and query accuracy as well as internals of QARTA.
Assassin
Authors: Mu Tianyu , Wang Hongzhi , Zheng Shenghe , Zhang Shaoqing , Liang Cheng , Tang Haoyun
Published: October 2021

The increasing complexity of data analysis tasks makes it dependent on human expertise and challenging for non-experts. One of the major challenges faced in data analysis is the selection of the proper algorithm for given tasks and data sets. Motivated by this, we develop Assassin, aiming at helping users without enough expertise to
automatically select optimal algorithms
for classification tasks. By embedding meta-learning techniques and reinforced policy, our system can automatically extract experiences from previous tasks and train a meta-classifier to implement algorithm recommendations. Then we apply genetic search to explore hyperparameter configuration for the selected algorithm. We demonstrate Assassin with classification tasks from OpenML. The system chooses an appropriate algorithm and optimal hyperparameter configuration for them to achieve a high-level performance target. The Assassin has a user-friendly interface that allows users to customize the parameters during the search process.
Demonstration of apperception
Authors: Ge Yongming , Lin Vanessa , Daum Maureen , Haynes Brandon , Cheung Alvin , Balazinska Magdalena
Published: October 2021

Many recent video applications---including traffic monitoring, drone analytics, autonomous driving, and virtual reality---require piecing together, combining, and operating over many related video streams. Despite the massive data volumes involved and the need to jointly reason (both spatially and temporally) about these videos, current techniques to store and manipulate such data are often limited to file systems and simple video processing frameworks that reason about a single video in isolation.

We present Apperception, a new type of database management system optimized for geospatial video applications. Apperception comes with an easy to use data model to reason about multiple geospatial video data streams, and a programming interface for developers to collectively reason about the entities observed in those videos. Our demo will let users write queries over video using Apperception and retrieve (in real-time) both metadata and rendered video data. Users can also compare results and observe speedups achieved by using Apperception.
Interactive demonstration of SQLCheck
Authors: Ghosh Arthita , Bansod Deven , Narechania Arpit , Dintyala Prashanth , Timurturkan Su , Arulraj Joy
Published: October 2021

We will demonstrate a prototype of sqlcheck, a holistic toolchain for automatically finding and fixing anti-patterns in database applications. The advent of modern database-as-a-service platforms has made it easy for developers to quickly create scalable applications. However, it is still challenging for developers to design performant, maintainable, and accurate applications. This is because developers may unknowingly introduce anti-patterns in the application's SQL statements. These anti-patterns are design decisions that are intended to solve a problem, but often lead to other problems by violating fundamental design principles.

sqlcheck leverages techniques for automatically: (1) detecting anti-patterns with high accuracy, (2) ranking them based on their impact on performance, maintainability, and accuracy of applications, and (3) suggesting alternative queries and changes to the database design to fix these anti-patterns. We will demonstrate that sqlcheck enables developers to create more performant, maintainable, and accurate applications. We will show the prevalence of these anti-patterns in a large collection of queries and databases collected from open-source repositories.
DatAgent
Authors: Mandamadiotis Antonis , Eleftherakis Stavroula , Glenis Apostolos , Skoutas Dimitrios , Stavrakas Yannis , Koutrika Georgia
Published: October 2021

In this demonstration, we present
DatAgent
, an intelligent data assistant system that allows users to ask queries in natural language, and can respond in natural language as well. Moreover, the system actively guides the user using different types of recommendations and hints, and learns from user actions. We will demonstrate different exploration scenarios that show how the system and the user engage in a human-like interaction inspired by the interaction paradigm of chatbots and virtual assistants.
Query-driven video event processing for the internet of multimedia things
Authors: Yadav Piyush , Salwala Dhaval , Pontes Felipe Arruda , Dhingra Praneet , Curry Edward
Published: October 2021

Advances in Deep Neural Network (DNN) techniques have revolutionized video analytics and unlocked the potential for querying and mining video event patterns. This paper details GNOSIS, an event processing platform to perform near-real-time video event detection in a distributed setting. GNOSIS follows a serverless approach where its component acts as independent microservices and can be deployed at multiple nodes. GNOSIS uses a declarative query-driven approach where users can write customize queries for spatiotemporal video event reasoning. The system converts the incoming video streams into a continuous evolving graph stream using machine learning (ML) and DNN models pipeline and applies graph matching for video event pattern detection. GNOSIS can perform both stateful and stateless video event matching. To improve Quality of Service (QoS), recent work in GNOSIS incorporates optimization techniques like adaptive scheduling, energy efficiency, and content-driven windows. This paper demonstrates the Occupational Health and Safety query use cases to show the GNOSIS efficacy.
A demonstration of NoDA
Authors: Koutroumanis Nikolaos , Kousathanas Nikolaos , Doulkeridis Christos , Vlachou Akrivi
Published: October 2021

In this demo paper, we present a system prototype, called NoDA, that unifies access to NoSQL stores, by exposing a
single
interface to big data developers. This hides the heterogeneity of NoSQL stores, in terms of different query languages, non-standardized access, and different data models. NoDA comprises a layer positioned on top of NoSQL stores that defines a set of basic data access operators (filter, project, aggregate, etc.), implemented for different NoSQL engines. The provision of generic data access operators enables a declarative interface using SQL as query language. Furthermore, NoDA is extended to provide more complex operators, such as geospatial operators, which are only partially supported by NoSQL stores. We demonstrate NoDA by showcasing that the exact same query can be processed by different NoSQL stores, without any modification or transformation whatsoever.
Make your database system dream of electric sheep
Authors: Pavlo Andrew , Butrovich Matthew , Ma Lin , Menon Prashanth , Lim Wan Shen , Van Aken Dana , Zhang William
Published: October 2021

Database management systems (DBMSs) are notoriously difficult to deploy and administer. Self-driving DBMSs seek to remove these impediments by managing themselves automatically. Despite decades of DBMS auto-tuning research, a truly autonomous, self-driving DBMS is yet to come. But recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) have moved this goal closer.

Given this, we present a system implementation treatise towards achieving a self-driving DBMS. We first provide an overview of the NoisePage self-driving DBMS that uses ML to predict the DBMS's behavior and optimize itself without human support or guidance. The system's architecture has three main ML-based components: (1) workload forecasting, (2) behavior modeling, and (3) action planning. We then describe the system design principles to facilitate holistic autonomous operations. Such prescripts reduce the complexity of the problem, thereby enabling a DBMS to converge to a better and more stable configuration more quickly.
PerfGuard
Authors: Ammerlaan Remmelt , Antonius Gilbert , Friedman Marc , Hossain H M Sajjad , Jindal Alekh , Orenberg Peter , Patel Hiren , Qiao Shi , Ramani Vijay , Rosenblatt Lucas , Roy Abhishek , Shaffer Irene , Srinivasan Soundarajan , Weimer Markus
Published: October 2021

Modern data processing systems require optimization at massive scale, and using machine learning to optimize these systems (ML-for-systems) has shown promising results. Unfortunately, ML-for-systems is subject to over generalizations that do not capture the large variety of workload patterns, and tend to augment the performance of certain subsets in the workload while regressing performance for others. In this paper, we introduce a performance safeguard system, called
PerfGuard
, that designs pre-production experiments for deploying ML-for-systems. Instead of searching the entire space of query plans (a well-known, intractable problem), we focus on query plan deltas (a significantly smaller space). PerfGuard formalizes these differences, and correlates plan deltas to important feedback signals, like execution cost. We describe the deep learning architecture and the end-to-end pipeline in PerfGuard that could be used with general relational databases. We show that this architecture improves on baseline models, and that our pipeline identifies key query plan components as major contributors to plan disparity. Offline experimentation shows PerfGuard as a promising approach, with many opportunities for future improvement.
Towards scalable online machine learning collaborations with OpenML
Authors: Vanschoren Joaquin
Published: October 2021

Is massively collaborative machine learning possible? Can we share and organize our collective knowledge of machine learning to solve ever more challenging problems? In a way, yes: as a community, we are already very successful at developing high-quality open-source machine learning libraries, thanks to frictionless collaboration platforms for software development. However, code is only one aspect. The answer is much less clear when we also consider the data that goes into these algorithms and the exact models that are produced. A tremendous amount of work and experience goes into the collection, cleaning, and preprocessing of data and the design, evaluation, and finetuning of models, yet very little of this is shared and organized in a way so that others can easily build on it.

Suppose one had a global platform for sharing machine learning datasets, models, and reproducible experiments in a frictionless way so that anybody could chip in at any time to share a good model, add or improve data, or suggest an idea. OpenML is an open-source initiative to create such a platform. It allows anyone to share datasets, machine learning pipelines, and full experiments, organizes all of it online with rich metadata, and enables anyone to reuse and build on them in novel and unexpected ways. All data is open and accessible through APIs, and it is readily integrated into popular machine learning tools to allow easy sharing of models and experiments. This openness also allows a budding ecosystem of automated processes to scale up machine learning further, such as discovering similar datasets, creating systematic benchmarks, or learning from all collected results how to build the best machine learning models and even automatically doing so for any new dataset. We welcome all of you to become a part of it.
‘Smelling’ diasporic: bargaining interactions and the problem of politeness
Authors: Wagner Lauren
Published: October 2021

While post-migrant generation Moroccans from Europe often are able to converse competently enough in Moroccan languages to bargain in shops during visits to Morocco, many report that they are not given the ‘local’, ‘right’ prices because they are ‘smelled’ as outsiders. During fieldwork following these diasporic visitors in Morocco, several participants strategically shopped for goods with a ‘local’ friend or family member who might negotiate on their behalf for the ‘right’ price. This strategy was seen as a way to circumvent or ameliorate the ways the diasporic client might be negatively categorized as an outsider, especially in terms of his or her language use. Yet, examining these events in recorded detail indicates that diasporic clients are often bargaining for themselves as competent speakers, but are sometimes not able to skillfully bargain politely. In these moments, proxy bargainers intervene when debate and tension increases during bargaining and diasporic visitors do not adequately perform politeness – specifically by deploying religious speech – to soften and minimize tension. Analysis of these interactions indicates how diasporic branching of linguistic practice contrasts communicative skills of mobile populations with subtle, place-based competences, and how the mismatch between these can negatively mark diasporic visitors.
Importance of frame rate for the measurement of strain and synchrony in fetuses using speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Haeger Christina , Hammer Kerstin , Braun Janina , Oelmeier Kathrin , Köster Helen Ann , Möllers Mareike , Koch Raphael , Steinhard Johannes , Klockenbusch Walter , Schmitz Ralf
Published: October 2021

Objectives

To assess the influence of frame rate settings on longitudinal strain (LS) and mechanical synchrony (SYN) values in Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) of healthy fetuses.

Methods

In this prospective study, we collected transversal or apical four-chamber-views of 121 healthy fetuses between 20 and 38 weeks of gestation using three different frame rate (FR) settings (≥ 110, 100 ± 10, 60 ± 10 frames per second). We assessed the segmental and the global LS of both ventricles (2C) and of the left ventricle (LV) offline with QLab 10.8 (Philips Medical Systems, Andover, MA, USA). Inter- and intraventricular SYN were calculated as time difference in peak myocardial strain between the mid-segments of left and right ventricle (interventricular, 2C_Syn) and lateral wall and septum of the left ventricle (intraventricular, LV_Syn), respectively.

Results

In 84.3% STE was feasible at all three FR settings. The LS increased in both views at higher FRs to a statistically noticeable extent. SYN measurements and the absolute differences at patient level between the FR settings showed no statistically noticeable alterations.

Conclusions

STE is feasible at low and high FR settings. SYN emerges to be a robust parameter for fetal STE as it is less affected by the FR. High FRs enable high temporal resolutions and thus an accurate examination of fetal hearts. Future research for the technical implementation of tailored fetal STE software is necessary for reliable clinical application.
Emotional positioning in British news reports about Dover and Essex migrant tragedies: A corpus-based study
Authors: Yang Qinyi
Published: October 2021

This article, based on the Appraisal System, investigates British journalists’ different attitudes toward China and Vietnam in British news reports about the Dover migrant tragedy in 2000 and the Essex migrant tragedy in 2019. By analyzing affect resources in a newly built corpus with the help of UAM Corpus Tool 3.3, this study finds that more negative affect resources are used to portray China than those depicting Vietnam. British journalists manipulated emotions to emphasize that China, whether in 2000 or 2019, was a backward and underdeveloped country where citizens tried all means to escape to Britain. However, when British journalists found that the victims were Vietnamese instead of Chinese, they shifted attention to the pitiful Vietnamese families of the victims and tended to arouse readers’ sympathy. The corpus findings highlight the ideological contradiction between Britain and China, reveal Britain’s distrust of China’s system, and suggest that the different comprehensive national powers of China and Vietnam have different impacts on Britain’s international status, verifying that news discourse is permeated by ideology, politics, and economy.
A diffusion Monte Carlo method for charge density on a conducting surface at non-constant potentials
Authors: Yu Unjong , Jang Hoseung , Hwang Chi-Ok
Published: October 2021

We develop a last-passage Monte Carlo algorithm on a conducting surface at non-constant potentials. In the previous researches, last-passage Monte Carlo algorithms on conducting surfaces with a constant potential have been developed for charge density at a specific point or on a finite region and a hybrid BIE-WOS algorithm for charge density on a conducting surface at non-constant potentials. In the hybrid BIE-WOS algorithm, they used a deterministic method for the contribution from the lower non-constant potential surface. In this paper, we modify the hybrid BIE-WOS algorithm to a last-passage Monte Carlo algorithm on a conducting surface at non-constant potentials, where we can avoid the singularities on the non-constant potential surface very naturally. We demonstrate the last-passage Monte Carlo algorithm for charge densities on a circular disk and the four rectangle plates with a simple voltage distribution, and update the corner singularities on the unit square plate and cube.
A Systematic Review of the Factors Determining Workaholism: The Role of an Organisation
Authors: Morkevičiūtė Modesta , Endriulaitienė Auksė
Published: October 2021

The results of the studies that examine the link between organizational aspects and employees’ workaholism are scattered and far from consistent. Therefore, the principal purpose of the current paper is to systematically review the scientific literature on the relationship between organizational factors and employees’ workaholism.
Letture e lezioni frontoniane nell’epistolario di Simmaco
Authors: Fascione Sara
Published: October 2021

This study aims to define the ways in which the work of Fronto circulated and was used in the intellectual circles of the fourth century A.D. through the testimony offered by the letters of Symmachus. In addressing illustrious members of the senatorial aristocracy of his time, Symmachus echoes Fronto’s work several times. The examination of Symm. Ep. 3.11 to Naucellius, with special reference to the expression spectator tibi veteris monetae solus supersum in Symm. Ep. 3.11.2, allows us to evaluate how Symmachus approaches the work of Fronto. The ways in which the short treatise ad M. Aurelium de orationibus is reprised lead us, further, to conclude that the lexical choices of the fourth-century letter-writer were determined by a textual variant in the text of Fronto available to him.
An autonomous and wireless pulse-amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorometer
Authors: Reimer Julian , Stöcklin Sebastian , Comella Laura M. , Woias Peter , Werner Christiane , Reindl Leonhard , Rupitsch Stefan J.
Published: October 2021

Measuring chlorophyll fluorescence is an important tool in plant research, since it is a reliable non-invasive method for capturing photosynthetic efficiency of a plant and, hence, an indicator of plant stress/health. The principle of chlorophyll fluorometry is based on the optical illumination of a plant’s leaf at a certain wavelength, while simultaneously measuring the emitted fluorescence light intensity at a different optical wavelength. By relating the fluorescence light energy at small and large excitation power, conclusions on the efficiency of the photosystem and, therefore, on the plant’s photosynthesis capability can be drawn. Current mobile chlorophyll fluorometers are either (i) compact and energy efficient but limited in functionality and accuracy by omitting modulated measurement signals or (ii) sophisticated and precise with respect to the measurement, but with the drawback of extended weight, size, energy consumption and cost. This contribution presents a smaller, lighter and cheaper sensor device that can be built with sufficiently low energy consumption to be powered by energy harvesting while being light enough to be attached nearly anywhere such as tree branches. With a device cost below 250 €, the performance of the developed device is similar to more expensive commercial devices considering measurements of the relative variable fluorescence. Moreover, the sensor device provides a wireless interface in the European 868 MHz SRD band with up to 10 km of range in free space while just consuming 150 µW in receiving mode due to a custom duty cycling technique.
Wpływ stopnia dojrzałości oraz wielkości dodatku orzechów laskowych i włoskich na właściwości fizykochemiczne i przeciwutleniające wzbogaconego chleba pszennego
Authors: Pycia Karolina , Kapusta Ireneusz
Published: October 2021

Przykładem produktu, który można wzbogacać w składniki bioaktywne, jest chleb pszenny. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu wzbogacania chleba pszennego orzechami laskowymi i włoskimi o różnym stopniu dojrzałości. Orzechy laskowe i włoskie zostały zebrane w lipcu oraz we wrześniu. Udział zmielonych orzechów w mieszance wypiekowej wyniósł 2 % oraz 7 % w stosunku do masy mąki. Próbę kontrolną stanowił chleb niewzbogacony. Chleb wykonano metodą bezpośrednią z użyciem drożdży. W badaniach obliczono wydajność ciasta, upiek, stratę wypiekową całkowitą i wydajność pieczywa. Oznaczono objętość chleba, objętość właściwą, porowatość jego miękiszu, barwę w systemie CIE L*a*b* oraz parametry tekstury. Określono także właściwości przeciwutleniające chleba (metodą ABTS•+, DPPH• oraz FRAP), ogólną zawartość związków polifenolowych oraz profil i zawartość polifenoli metodą chromatografii UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS. Wyniki poddano trójczynnikowej analizie wariancji. Stwierdzono, że wzbogacenie chleba orzechami o różnym stopniu dojrzałości wpłynęło na jego właściwości fizykochemiczne i przeciwutleniające. Wydajność ciasta i wydajność chleba były większe przy większym dodatku orzechów. Największą objętością charakteryzowała się próba kontrolna, a wzbogacenie chleba orzechami skutkowało zmniejszeniem jego objętości. Najmniejszą objętością charakteryzował się chleb wzbogacony niedojrzałymi orzechami włoskimi zebranymi w lipcu. Miękisz tego chleba charakteryzował się najmniejszą wartością parametru L* oraz był najtwardszy. Rodzaj orzechów oraz ich stopień dojrzałości wpływały istotnie na właściwości przeciwutleniające i zawartość polifenoli w chlebie. Wartości tych parametrów zmniejszały się w miarę zwiększania dojrzałości dodawanych orzechów, a chleby wzbogacone orzechami włoskimi odznaczały się istotnie większą zawartością polifenoli ogółem w porównaniu z próbą kontrolną oraz chlebami wzbogaconymi orzechami laskowymi. W profilu polifenoli badanych chlebów zidentyfikowano 12 związków.
Ocena wybranych wyróżników jakości owoców cytrusowych
Authors: Flis-Kaczykowska Anna , Dmowski Przemysław
Published: October 2021

Owoce cytrusowe stanowią bogate źródło substancji przeciwutleniających. Zawarte w nich przeciwutleniacze, zwłaszcza apigenina i naringenina, są niezwykle istotne dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania organizmu ludzkiego. Wspierają m.in. profilaktykę chorób układu krążenia oraz chorób nowotworowych. Regularne spożywanie owoców cytrusowych może mieć korzystny wpływ na zdrowie człowieka. Ze względu na parametry fizykochemiczne, cenne właściwości żywieniowe oraz walory sensoryczne owoce cytrusowe są dość często spożywane przez polskich konsumentów. Na polskim rynku wciąż pojawiają się dotychczas nieznane polskim konsumentom owoce cytrusowe. Ich przykładem są owoce kumkwatu charakteryzujące się dobrymi właściwościami przeciwutleniającymi. Celem pracy było porównanie właściwości przeciwutleniających owoców pomelo i kumkwatu z owocami pomarańczy i klementynek. W pracy oznaczono całkowitą zawartość związków polifenolowych [mg GAE/100 g] oraz aktywność przeciwutleniającą [%]. Dodatkowo oznaczono zawartość ekstraktu ogólnego [%] i zawartość cukrów redukujących [%]. Na podstawie analizy uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że owoce kumkwatu w porównaniu z pozostałymi badanymi owocami zawierały najwięcej związków polifenolowych ogółem (52,82 mg GAE/100 g) oraz charakteryzowały się najwyższą aktywnością przeciwutleniającą (60,03 %), a jednocześnie – małą zawartością cukrów bezpośrednio redukujących (10,93 %), co czyniło je najbardziej wartościowymi pod względem żywieniowym.
Zastosowanie analizy strategicznej do zmian technologicznych w małym zakładzie piekarniczo-cukierniczym
Authors: Mielczarek Błażej , Śliżewska Katarzyna , Olejnik Tomasz
Published: October 2021

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu zmieniającego się otoczenia gospodarczego i społecznego na warunki działalności gospodarczej małego zakładu piekarniczo-cukierniczego. W artykule przedstawiono analizę strategiczną przedsiębiorstwa na podstawie wskaźników rachunkowo-zarządczych oraz analizę procesów technologicznych wybranych produktów. Ocenę wskaźnikową wykonano z zastosowaniem macierzy BCG. Skupiono się na najbardziej kosztochłonnych procesach i operacjach jednostkowych produkcji. Wprowadzono zmianę techniczno-technologiczną, tj. zastosowano komorę chłodniczo-garowniczą. Zmiana procesu przygotowania półproduktów wpłynęła na optymalizację procesową i zmianę systemu pracy. Następnie sprawdzono stan mikrobiologiczny wybranych produktów piekarniczych (bułek: kajzerka, wieloziarnista, drożdżowa) po wprowadzeniu zmian technologicznych. Mikroflora bułek była zgodna z przyjętymi normami, nie stwierdzono niepożądanej mikroflory mogącej zanieczyszczać pieczywo, zatem wprowadzone zmiany technologiczne nie miały wpływu na stan mikrobiologiczny bułek. Stwierdzono, że zaproponowane zmiany technologiczne mogą mieć korzystny wpływ na wynik operacyjny i główne wskaźniki ekonomiczne w małym zakładzie piekarniczo-cukierniczym.
Wybrane zwyczaje zakupowe mieszkańców województwa łódzkiego jako przyczyna marnotrawstwa żywności
Authors: Żyromska Edyta , Bilska Beata , Kołożyn-Krajewska Danuta
Published: October 2021

Marnotrawienie żywności w gospodarstwach domowych staje się coraz większym problemem. Wzrastają dysproporcje między odsetkiem osób żyjących na skraju ubóstwa a odsetkiem osób ulegających konsumpcjonizmowi, wiążącemu się z nadmiarem kupowanej i następnie wyrzucanej żywności. Ograniczanie skali marnotrawienia żywności i podnoszenie świadomości konsumentów indywidualnych staje się jednym z głównych zadań dla rządów wielu krajów, w tym Polski. Przeprowadzono badania ankietowe wśród mieszkańców województwa łódzkiego na temat zwyczajów zakupowych i ich wpływu na marnotrawstwo żywności w gospodarstwach domowych. Celem pracy było wskazanie przyczyn marnotrawienia żywności w gospodarstwach domowych, skutków takiego działania oraz znajomości problematyki marnotrawstwa żywności. Na podstawie wyników badań stwierdzono, że znajomość problematyki marnotrawienia żywności nie jest wystarczająca. Do najczęściej wyrzucanych produktów spożywczych należały: pieczywo (6,3 %), potrawy ciepłe (4 %), zwiędnięte warzywa i owoce (2,4 %) oraz przeterminowane produkty spożywcze (2,4 %). Blisko 55 % kobiet i 60 % mężczyzn deklarowało, że zdarzało im się kupować produkty spożywcze na zapas. Większość ankietowanych nie potrafiła oszacować, czy w gospodarstwie domowym generuje się więcej odpadów spożywczych niż w poprzednich latach. Respondenci nie byli w stanie jednoznacznie wskazać, czy problematyka marnotrawstwa żywności jest ważna. Wykazano, że kluczowym elementem w ograniczaniu marnowania żywności jest przygotowywanie listy zakupów, weryfikowanie stanu zapasów w domu oraz znajomość terminów określających przydatność do spożycia.