bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shift current photovoltaic efficiency of 2D materials
Authors: Sauer Mikkel Ohm , Taghizadeh Alireza , Petralanda Urko , Ovesen Martin , Thygesen Kristian Sommer , Olsen Thomas , Cornean Horia , Pedersen Thomas Garm
Published: March 2023

Shift current photovoltaic devices are potential candidates for future cheap, sustainable, and efficient electricity generation. In the present work, we calculate the solar-generated shift current and efficiencies in 326 different 2D materials obtained from the computational database C2DB. We apply, as metrics, the efficiencies of monolayer and multilayer samples. The monolayer efficiencies are generally found to be low, while the multilayer efficiencies of infinite stacks show great promise. Furthermore, the out-of-plane shift current response is considered, and material candidates for efficient out-of-plane shift current devices are identified. Among the screened materials, MXY Janus and MX2 transition metal dichalchogenides (TMDs) constitute a prominent subset, with chromium based MXY Janus TMDs holding particular promise. Finally, in order to explain the band gap dependence of the PV efficiency, a simple gapped graphene model with a variable band gap is established and related to the calculated efficiencies.
Ontogenetic changes in the body structure of the Arctic fish Leptoclinus maculatus
Authors: Pekkoeva S. N. , Kondakova E. A. , Falk-Petersen S. , Berge J. , Murzina S. A.
Published: March 2023

Histological studies of the ontogenetic changes in Arctic marine fishes are often fragmented and incomplete. Here we present a comprehensive histological ontogenetic analysis of the daubed shanny (Leptoclinus maculatus) from the Arctic, characterizing its development as it undergoes a series of changes in the organ and tissue organization, especially during the postlarvae transition from the pelagic to benthic lifestyle. The thyroid, heart, digestive tract, liver, gonads, blood, and the lipid sac of the postlarvae at different developmental stages (L1–L5) were studied for the first time. We found that L. maculatus has structural characteristics of marine fish developing in cold, high-oxygen polar waters. We conclude that the presence of the lipid sac and the absence of distinguishable red blood cells in pelagic postlarvae are unique features of the daubed shanny most likely linked to its successful growth and development in the Arctic environment.
Longitudinal follow-up study of the association with gout and Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease in Korea
Authors: Lee Eun Jae , Kim So Young , Choi Hyo Geun , Kim Yoo Hwan , Kwon Mi Jung , Kim Joo-Hee , Lee Heui Seung , Oh Jae Keun , Chang In Bok , Song Joon Ho , Kim Ji Hee
Published: March 2023

To date, no clear conclusion on the relationships of gout with the occurrence of typical neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), has been reached. This study aimed to determine whether the patients with gout are at a lower or higher probability of developing AD or PD than those without gout. Longitudinal follow-up data of a representative sample of Korean adults were assessed. 18,079 individuals diagnosed with gout between 2003 and 2015 were enrolled in the gout group. The comparison group comprised 72,316 demographics-matched individuals not diagnosed with gout. Longitudinal associations of gout with AD or PD were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression adjusting for potential confounders. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of AD and PD in the gout group were 1.01 and 1.16 times higher than controls, but these differences were not statistically significant (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92–1.12 and 95% CI = 0.97–1.38, respectively). Although there was no significant association in the entire sample, AD and PD probabilities in patients with gout were significantly higher in participants < 60 years, and PD probabilities in patients with gout were significantly higher in overweight participants. Our findings identify significant correlations of gout with AD and PD in participants < 60 years and gout with PD in those with overweight, indicating that gout may play a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases in younger or overweight populations. Further investigations should be performed to corroborate these findings.
Pneumonitis associated with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Fujimoto Daichi , Miura Satoru , Tomii Keisuke , Sumikawa Hiromitsu , Yoshimura Kenichi , Wakuda Kazushige , Oya Yuko , Yokoyama Toshihide , Kijima Takashi , Asao Tetsuhiko , Tamiya Motohiro , Nakamura Atsushi , Yoshioka Hiroshige , Tokito Takaaki , Murakami Shuji , Tamiya Akihiro , Yokouchi Hiroshi , Watanabe Satoshi , Yamaguchi Ou , Morinaga Ryotaro , Jodai Takayuki , Ito Kentaro , Shiraishi Yoshimasa , Kogure Yoshihito , Shibaki Ryota , Yamamoto Nobuyuki
Published: March 2023

Studies elucidating detailed characteristics of pneumonitis in association with chemo-immunotherapy are limited. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of images, prognostic factors, and clinical course of combination therapy associated with pneumonitis. A multicenter, retrospective cohort study of patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer who received a combination of platinum, pemetrexed, and pembrolizumab was conducted. Patients with confirmed pneumonitis established by an independent multidisciplinary team were enrolled. For 53 patients with pneumonitis, radiographic features at diagnosis predominantly comprised an organizing pneumonia pattern (62%, 33/53). Twelve (23%) patients experienced a worsening respiratory status during pneumonitis management, which was associated with a high mortality rate (58%, 7/12) during treatment. Severe grade at pneumonitis diagnosis (p < 0.001), diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) pattern (p = 0.002), and disease extent ≥ 25% in the lungs (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with worsening respiratory status. Furthermore, post-diagnosis survival was significantly worse in severe pneumonitis (p = 0.02) than in mild and in patients with the DAD pattern than in those without (p < 0.0001). We showed detailed clinical course of patients with pneumonitis and reported several important influencing factors. Given the small number of trials on pneumonitis, our findings provide valuable information to guide the development of appropriate management guidelines and improve pneumonitis treatment.
Machine learning-based CT radiomics model to discriminate the primary and secondary intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Lyu Jianbo , Xu Zhaohui , Sun HaiYan , Zhai Fangbing , Qu Xiaofeng
Published: March 2023

It is challenging to distinguish between primary and secondary intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) purely by imaging data, and the two forms of ICHs are treated differently. This study aims to evaluate the potential of CT-based machine learning to identify the etiology of ICHs and compare the effectiveness of two regions of interest (ROI) sketching methods. A total of 1702 radiomic features were extracted from the CT brain images of 238 patients with acute ICH. We used the Select K Best method, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator logistic regression to select the most discriminable features with a support vector machine to build a classifier model. Then, a ten-fold cross-validation strategy was employed to evaluate the performance of the classifier. From all quantitative CT-based imaging features obtained by two sketch methods, eighteen features were selected respectively. The radiomics model outperformed radiologists in distinguishing between primary and secondary ICH in both the volume of interest and the three-layer ROI sketches. As a result, a machine learning-based CT radiomics model can improve the accuracy of identifying primary and secondary ICH. A three-layer ROI sketch can identify primary versus secondary ICH based on the CT radiomics method.
A novel molecular imaging probe [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Jiang Yanghongyan , Tian Yaxin , Feng Bei , Zhao Tingting , Du Liang , Yu Xiaodong , Zhao Qian
Published: March 2023

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is higher expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in most malignant epithelial neoplasms, which is lower expressed in normal tissues. As a promising small molecular probe, FAP inhibitor (FAPI) shows the specific binding to FAP. This study aimed to explore a novel molecular probe [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI targeting CAFs. The in vitro characteristics of the probe were also evaluated. The FAPI targeting FAP was designed, synthesized and conjugated with the chelator 6-hydrazinylnicotinic acid (HYNIC) for radiolabeling with 99mTc. The radiolabeling yield, radiochemical purity and stability were evaluated by Instant thin-layer chromatography (ITLC) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lipophilicity was performed by the distribution coefficient test. The binding and migration ability of the probe was assessed using the FAP transfected tumor cell line. The radiolabeling yield of [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI was (97.29 ± 0.46) %. The radiochemical purity was more than 90% and kept stable until 6 h. The radioligand was shown as lower lipophilicity, of which logD7.4 value was − 2.38 $$\pm$$
±
0.13. In vitro experiments, the results indicated that the probe showed binding properties, and inhibited the migration of tumor cells. The novel [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI probe was successfully radiosynthesized and exhibited good radiochemical purity, stability and in vitro binding ability to tumor cells. The [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI will be a promising SPECT/CT imaging probe.
The biomechanical effect of fibular strut grafts on humeral surgical neck fractures with lateral wall comminution
Authors: Chang Hsien-Hao , Lim Joon-Ryul , Lee Kil-Han , An Haemosu , Yoon Tae-Hwan , Chun Yong-Min
Published: March 2023

No studies have evaluated the effect of fibular strut augmentation on the stability of locking plate fixation for osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures with lateral wall comminution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of locking plate fixation with a fibular strut graft compared with locking plate alone in an osteoporotic two-part surgical neck fracture model with lateral cortex comminution. Ten paired fresh-frozen cadaveric humeri were randomly allocated into two groups, either the locking plate alone (LP group) or locking plate with fibular strut graft augmentation (LPFSG group), with an equal number of right and left osteoporotic surgical neck fractures with lateral wall comminution of the greater tuberosity. Varus, internal/external torsion, and axial compression stiffness as well as single load to failure were measured in plate-bone constructs, and the LPFSG group showed significantly greater values in all metrics. In conclusion, this biomechanical study shows that fibular strut augmentation significantly enhances varus stiffness, internal torsion stiffness, external torsion stiffness, and maximum failure load of a construct compared to locking plate fixation alone in proximal humeral fractures with lateral wall comminution.
Infrared radiative switching with thermally and electrically tunable transition metal oxides-based plasmonic grating
Authors: Araki Ken , Zhang Richard Z.
Published: March 2023

Plasmonic and phase transition has been blended to gain the infrared radiative switching which is tunable with temperature or voltage supply. This is applied via vanadium dioxide, tungsten trioxide, and molybdenum trioxide as transition metal oxides (TMO). The metallic phase at high temperature or colored state contributes in magnetic polariton (MP) excitation, producing broad absorptance. The TMO-based sub-layer is integrated underneath the grating fully supporting MP resonance. In contrast, this underlayer leads to producing the narrowband absorptance originated from concept of zero contrast grating (ZCG). The zero gradient in refractive index at the output plane of the grating cause transmission of light in broad wavelength range. With introduction of reflective silver underlayer, those transmitted through the grating are reflected back. However, there exists the near-zero narrowband transmission peaks in ZCG. This undergoes transformation to narrowband absorptance. In addition, another absorptance peak can be induced due to phonon modes at insulating phase. The MP resonance at metallic phase is characterized with inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit and the narrowband absorptance peaks are characterized with phase shift from the Fabry–Perot round trip (FP-RT) eigenequation from high contrast grating (HCG). The work expands the usage of transition metal oxides in infrared region with larger contrast.
Pattern-based hybrid book recommendation system using semantic relationships
Authors: Wayesa Fikadu , Leranso Mesfin , Asefa Girma , Kedir Abduljebar
Published: March 2023

In the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence, recommendation systems (RS) or recommended engines are commonly used. In today's world, recommendation systems based on user preferences assist consumers in making the best decisions without depleting their cognitive resources. They can be applied to a variety of things, including search engines, travel, music, movies, literature, news, gadgets, and dining. A lot of people utilize RS on social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and it has proven beneficial in corporate settings like those at Amazon, Netflix, Pandora, and Yahoo. There have been numerous proposals for recommender system variations. However, certain techniques result in unfairly recommended things due to biased data because there are no established connections between the items and consumers. In order to solve the challenges mentioned above for new users, we propose in this work to employ Content-based Filtering (CBF) and Collaborative Filtering (CF) with semantic relationships to capture the relationships as knowledge-based book recommendations to readers in a digital library. When proposing things, patterns are more discriminative than single phrases. To capture the similarity of the books that the new user had retrieved, the patterns were grouped in a semantically equivalent manner using the Clustering method. The effectiveness of the suggested model is examined through a series of extensive tests employing Information Retrieval (IR) evaluation criteria. Recall Precision and F-Measure, two of the three widely used performance measuring metrics, were employed. The findings demonstrate that the suggested model performs noticeably better than cutting-edge models.
Highly efficient removal of phosphate by La–diatomite and sodium alginate composite hydrogel beads
Authors: Wu Zuwei , Han Yi , Zan Feixiang , Ye Yuanyao , Ren Yongzheng , Han Ke , Liu Dongqi , Jiang Wei
Published: March 2023

The phosphate adsorption mechanisms of SA-0.4La@De involved electrostatic interactions, ligand exchange, and the formation of La–P complexes.
Antimicrobial potential of kombucha fresh cheese with the addition of sage (Salvia officinalisL.) and its preparations
Authors: Vukić Vladimir , Vukić Dajana , Pavlić Branimir , Iličić Mirela , Kocić-Tanackov Sunčica , Kanurić Katarina , Bjekić Maja , Zeković Zoran
Published: March 2023

This study revealed that sage and its preparations can be efficiently used in fresh cheese technology to produce kombucha fresh cheese with increased antimicrobial activity againstL. monocytogenes,E.coliandS. aureus.
Hierarchically microporous membranes for highly energy-efficient gas separations
Authors: Luo Shuangjiang , Han Tianliang , Wang Can , Sun Ying , Zhang Hongjun , Guo Ruilan , Zhang Suojiang
Published: March 2023

Hourglass-shaped or bimodally distributed microcavities enable both high gas permeabilities and selectivities for highly energy-efficient gas separations.
Functional group polarity-modulated formation of liquid crystals of amphiphilic cyclodextrins
Authors: Che Austin , Zellman Carson O. , Sarkar Diganta , Trudel-Lachance Simon , Espejo Jayar , Michaelis Vladimir K. , Williams Vance E. , Ling Chang-Chun
Published: March 2023

Polyesterified amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin derivatives bearing functionalized tetraethylene glycols showed excellent abilities to self-assemble into stable hexagonal columnar mesophases with 1D ion conducting channels.
People, plastic, and behaviour change – a comment on drivers of plastic pollution, barriers to change and targeted behaviour change interventions
Authors: MacDonald Anna , Allen Deonie , Williams Lynn , Flowers Paul , Walker Tony R.
Published: March 2023

Few studies consider human behaviour and relationship impacts on how people use and manage plastic.
One-pot synthesis of 1,3-oxazin-4-ones through an Ir-catalyzed mild formal condensation reaction of secondary amides with acyl chlorides
Authors: Yu Si-Jia , Li Jie , Ye Jian-Liang , Huang Pei-Qiang
Published: March 2023

Bicyclic 2,3,6,7-tetrahydrocyclopenta[e]-1,3-oxazin-4-ones/2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4H-benzo[e]-1,3-oxazin-4-ones and monocyclic 1,3-oxazin-4-ones were prepared via an Ir-catalyzed one-pot reaction of secondary amides with acyl chlorides in good yields.
Synthesis of angular-shaped naphthodithiophenediimide and its donor–acceptor copolymers as nonvolatile polymer additives for organic solar cells
Authors: Tsai Chia-Lin , Chan Tung-Hsien , Lu Han-Cheng , Huang Ching-Li , Hung Kai-En , Lai Yu-Ying , Cheng Yen-Ju
Published: March 2023

A new angular-shaped naphthodithiophene diimide (aNDTI) is designed and synthesized. The aNDTI-containing polymers are used as non-volatile additives to improve the efficiency of organic solar cells.
Recent progress in the development of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detection and imaging of selenocysteine and application in thyroid disease diagnosis
Authors: Valand Ravinkumar Sunilbhai , Sivaiah Areti
Published: March 2023

Selenocysteine (SeCys) is the 21st genetically encoded amino acid present in proteins and is involved in various biological functions.
Regulating the luminescence of tetraphenylethene (TPE)-based lanthanide nanoparticles in the presence of organic amines/acids
Authors: Zhang Zhengyu , Han Jicao , Liu Dongdong , Wang Xi
Published: March 2023

Single ligand (TPE derivatives) and dual ligand (TPE derivatives and ABM)-modified EuVO4 nanoparticles show distinct luminescent responses to aniline and citric acid, respectively.
Acid–base imbalance as a risk factor for mortality among COVID-19 hospitalized patients
Authors: Al-Azzam Nosayba , Khassawneh Basheer , Al-Azzam Sayer , Karasneh Reema A. , Aldeyab Mamoon A.
Published: March 2023

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection can lead to extensive lung infiltrate, a significant increase in the respiratory rate, and respiratory failure, which can affect the acid–base balance. No research in the Middle East has previously examined acid–base imbalance in COVID-19 patients. The present study aimed to describe the acid–base imbalance in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, determine its causes, and assess its impact on mortality in a Jordanian hospital.

The study divided patients into 11 groups based on arterial blood gas data. Patients in normal group were defined as having a pH of 7.35–7.45, PaCO2 of 35–45 mmHg, and HCO3− of 21–27 mEq/L. Other patients were divided into 10 additional groups: mixed acidosis and alkalosis, respiratory and metabolic acidosis with or without compensation, and respiratory and metabolic alkalosis with or without compensation. This is the first study to categorize patients in this way.

The results showed that acid–base imbalance was a significant risk factor for mortality (P<0.0001). Mixed acidosis nearly quadruples the risk of death when compared with those with normal levels (OR = 3.61, P=0.05). Furthermore, the risk of death was twice as high (OR = 2) for metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation (P=0.002), respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation (P=0.002), or respiratory acidosis with no compensation (P=0.002).

In conclusion, acid–base abnormalities, particularly mixed metabolic and respiratory acidosis, were associated with increased mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Clinicians should be aware of the significance of these abnormalities and address their underlying causes.
Gliotoxin and related metabolites as zinc chelators: implications and exploitation to overcome antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Downes Shane G. , Doyle Sean , Jones Gary W. , Owens Rebecca A.
Published: March 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global problem and threat to humanity. The search for new antibiotics is directed towards targeting of novel microbial systems and enzymes, as well as augmenting the activity of pre-existing antimicrobials. Sulphur-containing metabolites (e.g., auranofin and bacterial dithiolopyrrolones [e.g., holomycin]) and Zn2+-chelating ionophores (PBT2) have emerged as important antimicrobial classes. The sulphur-containing, non-ribosomal peptide gliotoxin, biosynthesised by Aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi exhibits potent antimicrobial activity, especially in the dithiol form (dithiol gliotoxin; DTG). Specifically, it has been revealed that deletion of the enzymes gliotoxin oxidoreductase GliT, bis-thiomethyltransferase GtmA or the transporter GliA dramatically sensitise A. fumigatus to gliotoxin presence. Indeed, the double deletion strain A. fumigatus ΔgliTΔgtmA is especially sensitive to gliotoxin-mediated growth inhibition, which can be reversed by Zn2+ presence. Moreover, DTG is a Zn2+ chelator which can eject zinc from enzymes and inhibit activity. Although multiple studies have demonstrated the potent antibacterial effect of gliotoxin, no mechanistic details are available. Interestingly, reduced holomycin can inhibit metallo-β-lactamases. Since holomycin and gliotoxin can chelate Zn2+, resulting in metalloenzyme inhibition, we propose that this metal-chelating characteristic of these metabolites requires immediate investigation to identify new antibacterial drug targets or to augment the activity of existing antimicrobials. Given that (i) gliotoxin has been shown in vitro to significantly enhance vancomycin activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and (ii) that it has been independently proposed as an ideal probe to dissect the central ‘Integrator’ role of Zn2+ in bacteria – we contend such studies are immediately undertaken to help address AMR.
Families' Experiences in the Virtual Hanen
More Than Words
Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Denusik Lauren , Servais Michelle , Glista Danielle , Hatherly Kathryn , Moodie Sheila , Cardy Janis Oram , Weitzman Elaine , Cunningham Barbara Jane
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

The COVID-19 pandemic required most pediatric rehabilitation programs to shift to a virtual delivery format without the benefits of evidence to support this transition. Our study explored families' experiences participating virtually in
More Than Words
, a program for parents of autistic children, with the goal of generating new evidence to inform both virtual service delivery and program development.

Method:

Twenty-one families who recently completed a virtual
More Than Words
program participated in a semistructured interview. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed in NVivo using a top-down deductive approach that referenced a modified Dynamic Knowledge Transfer Capacity model.

Results:

Six themes capturing families' experiences with different components of virtual service delivery were identified: (a) experiences participating from home, (b) accessing the
More Than Words
program, (c) delivery methods and program materials, (d) the speech-language pathologist–caregiver relationship, (e) new skills learned, and (f) virtual program engagement.

Conclusions:

Most participants had a positive experience in the virtual program. Suggested areas for improvement included the time and length of intervention sessions and increasing social connections with other families. Practice considerations related to the importance of childcare during group sessions and having another adult to support the videorecording of parent–child interactions. Clinical implications include suggestions for how clinicians can create a positive virtual experience for families.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22177601
Identifying Racial and Socioeconomic Biases in New Jersey Special Education Eligibility
Authors: Papandrea Megan Theresa , Namazi Mahchid , Ghanim Iyad , Patten Sarah
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

This study aimed to determine if eligibility for special education and related services (SERS) in New Jersey (NJ) is biased based on a child's racial/cultural background or socioeconomic status (SES).

Method:

A Qualtrics survey was administered to NJ child study team personnel including speech-language pathologists, school psychologists, learning disabilities teacher-consultants, and school social workers. Participants were presented with four hypothetical case studies, which differed only in racial/cultural background or SES. Participants were asked to make SERS eligibility recommendations about each case study.

Results:

An aligned rank transform analysis of variance test found a significant effect of race on SERS eligibility decisions,F(2, 272) = 2.391,p= .093. Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests further yielded that Black children had significantly higher levels of SERS ineligibility at the high-SES (z= −2.648,p= .008) and mid-SES (z= −2.660,p= .008) levels compared to White children. When comparing SES levels within race using Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests, White low-SES children had significantly higher levels of ineligibility for SERS compared to White high-SES children (z= −2.008,p= .045). These results suggest that Black children from high/mid SES are treated comparably to White children from low SES; these groups are more likely to be found ineligible for SERS compared to peers.

Conclusions:

Both race and SES play a role in SERS eligibility decisions in NJ. Students who are Black and/or from low-SES households are at risk for facing significant biases in schools that influence their educational placements.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22185820
The Bridge Maintenance Management in the Context of Big Data
Authors: Ma Wen-Gang , Li Chen-Tao , Zhu Yu-Qin , Cong Ling , Hu Shi-Xiang
Published: March 2023

The maintenance and management of bridge is crucial to their normal operation. The application of big data technology makes the processing of massive data in the process of bridge maintenance and management more timely and accurate. In order to evaluate the status of suspension bridge in operation period more accurately and timely, on the basis of summarizing the big data sources of bridge, wavelet separation method is used to separate the waveform of displacement data at the support of suspension bridge. Considering the influence of temperature on displacement data, the sections with inconsistent temperature and displacement curves were eliminated, and the data were divided into three continuous time periods for fitting analysis. The analysis results show that the fitting and analysis of the temperature beam end longitudinal displacement data in each continuous period can more accurately and timely evaluate the status of the key constraint devices of the bridge, and then provide data support for the bridge maintenance management.
The Influence of Western Urban Planning Theory and Practice on Urban Planning and Construction of Hefei Discussion based on “Urban Planning Theory since 1945”
Authors: Wang Tao
Published: March 2023

By analyzing the reform of western urban planning theory since 1945, taking Hefei’s previous urban master plan and urban planning and construction process as the research object, this paper discusses the application and embodiment of western urban planning theory in the process of Hefei’s urban development. In this way, we can find out the context of the development of urban planning theory in the process of Hefei urban planning and construction, and summarize the characteristics of the development process of Hefei urban planning.
Experimental study on Reconstruction of rural Building Envelope in Hebei
Authors: Xian Ning , Liang Xinyu
Published: March 2023

Taking rural buildings in Hebei as an example, the reconstruction experiment was carried out. After a survey on the status quo of buildings in rural areas of Hebei province, it is found that the thermal performance of the envelope structure is poor. Then, an experimental model is established by using DeST software, and relevant parameters are calculated to simulate the contribution rate of energy conservation. It is concluded that the envelope material with superior thermal insulation performance is conducive to promoting the development of rural low-carbon buildings in Hebei Province. According to the above conclusions, the simulation experiment of the rural building envelope is carried out, the method of comparison experiment is used to calculate the relevant parameters, and the thermal performance coefficient of the reconstructed envelope structure is compared with that of the traditional building. It is concluded that the reconstructed building is more in line with the local building energy saving standards, with higher energy saving, and more suitable for extensive application in the rural building renovation.
Research and Exploration of Green Building Based on the Basic Theory of Urban Development
Authors: Zhu Dandi , Liu Yuxin , Gong Yangui , Yan Jiandong , Wu Jilin
Published: March 2023

Firstly, the influence of building design factors on building carbon emissions was analysed, and the influence of building form factor, building orientation and building envelope on building carbon emissions was simulated and studied, which shows that the south-facing direction has the lowest building carbon emissions, the external window shading factor is negatively related to building carbon emissions, and all other factors are positively related to building carbon emissions. The existing low carbon evaluation systems were then analysed, most of which suffer from a lack of carbon emission calculation methods and a lack of comprehensive scoring methods. This paper establishes an evaluation index system based on the principles of evaluation system construction, determines the benchmarks for index evaluation based on energy saving standards and research data, delineates the range of evaluation index parameters and the percentage of scores, and establishes an evaluation index system. The weights of the evaluation indicators were calculated using hierarchical analysis and combined with expert questionnaires, and a comprehensive scoring method was established based on the weights to build a building carbon emission evaluation system.
Study on the Impact of Foundation Pit Precipitation on Neighboring CFG Pile Composite Foundation
Authors: Lu Fenting
Published: March 2023

The numerical simulation was used to examine the impacts of pit precipitation and the presence or absence of waterproof curtain on the CFG pile composite foundation near to the under-construction pit, and the following primary results were reached. For starters, the precipitation will force the CFG pile composite foundation to slope towards the entire under-construction pit. Second, the waterproof curtain can help to mitigate the negative impact of pit precipitation on the nearby CFG pile composite foundation.
Research on fire risk assessment model in commercial and residential communities
Authors: Cui Meini
Published: March 2023

The causes of fire in commercial and residential communities are complex, rescue is difficult, once a fire occurs, the loss is difficult to estimate, and a reasonable fire risk assessment needs to be made. This paper establishes a complete index system for fire risk assessment in commercial and residential communities, establishes a cloud model by using the ISM-Shapley value method, evaluates the safety level of a commercial and residential community in Jinan, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures, which provides a quantifiable analysis method for fire risk analysis.
Existing school energy consumption diagnosis and low carbon transformation strategy of Tianjin Yaohua High school
Authors: Jiang Youtao , Zhang Xunda , Guo Bowen , Li Shuyang , Zhang Zhengao , Xiao Yonggang , Liu Weitao , Wang Fuqing , Shi Linguang , Li Ye
Published: March 2023

As an important part of public buildings, the school’s energy consumption and carbon emissions have received widespread attention. Relying on the existing building energy conservation situation and the energy consumption of Tianjin Yaohua High school, this paper puts forward the existing problems and energy saving space of high school. Based on the goal of low-carbon transformation, the roof and other utilizable conditions were analyzed, the transformation scheme of low-carbon energy system was brought forward, which realizes clean heating, electric energy replacement and domestic hot water supply with PVT coupling with heat pump. According to calculation, it can realize 70% replacement of school electricity, 100% clean heating and 100% consumption of renewable energy. Based on economic analysis, it has strong feasibility, which provides a reference for the subsequent low-carbon transformation of existing high school.
Permanent Basic Cultivated Land Delineation Based on Population Projection and Food Demand--Taking Wuhan City as an Example
Authors: Tang Jiapeng , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2023

The reasonable delineation of permanent basic cultivated land is of great meaning to guarantee China’s food security and promote the long-term social stability and sustainable economic development of China. This paper addresses the current problem of unreasonable delineation of permanent basic cultivated land that may result from not considering future population demand factors. Taking Wuhan city as an example, this paper derives permanent basic cultivated land’s area demand based on population projections, combined with per capita food demand, and further integrates comprehensive quality evaluation of arable land to delineate the quantity and location of basic cultivated land in Wuhan city in 2035. The study obtained that: (1) the population of Wuhan GM (1,1) predicts that the population of Wuhan in 2035 is 16,041,900 and the basic cultivated land’s demanded area is 239,559.55hm²; (2) the medial score of comprehensive quality of cultivated land in Wuhan is 66.23, with good comprehensive quality, and the mass of arable land varies widely among the lower districts. (3) The cultivated land with the best overall quality will be allocated as basic cultivated land, and the final area of basic cultivated land in Wuhan in 2035 will be 239,797.26hm², which can meet the population demand of Wuhan in 2035, mainly distributed in Jiangxia District, Xinzhou District and Huangpi District.
Optimization of Safety Facilities for Collision Analysis between Motor and Non-Motor Vehicles at Intersections
Authors: Zhao Na , Ma Jihui
Published: March 2023

With the increasing number of the motor and non-motor vehicles, conflicts and safety risks between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles are increasing. Among them, the collision between right-turning vehicles and non-motor vehicles going straight leads to traffic accidents accounting for up to 50% of the non-accident cases at intersections. The intersection of Erdos East Street and Xing an’ South Road in Hohhot City is selected as the research object. Analyze the conflict between right-turning motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles. The optimized design was carried out from three perspectives: right-turn channelization island design, road deceleration facilities layout, and signal control, and the road network model was built with VISSIM survey data to demonstrate and evaluate the scheme. The results show that when the traffic volume is unchanged, the number of non-collision decreases and the passage time of non-motor vehicles decreases by 4%. The travel time for left-turn vehicles also dropped 16 percent. It shows that the collision between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles at right-turn intersections is significantly improved through the above optimal design scheme.
Research on layout optimization of logistics network of metropolitan area based on hub-and-spoke theory
Authors: Fang Zhao
Published: March 2023

In order to give full play to the role of regional logistics in the regional economic development of the metropolitan area, a kind of hub-and-spoke regional logistics network based on hub-and-spoke model was established, which has the characteristics of hub-and-spoke network scale economy, scope economy, density economy and structure economy. Seventeen technical and economic indicators are sorted out from regional economy, industrial and commercial development, transportation infrastructure development and logistics industry development, and 35 counties and districts in the Capital metropolitan area are used as the research objects in 2020. The model is used to determine the network layout among node cities and to optimize the logistics network in the Capital metropolitan area.
Concrete Structure Ultrasonic Testing Technology Research Latest Progress and Development Trend
Authors: Jia Yu , Wen Jia , Zhao Bo , Yang Chentao
Published: March 2023

Many concrete structures in use have safety problems due to material deterioration, actual construction defects, structural damage, etc. Therefore, nondestructive testing is required to determine the presence of defects. Ultrasonic technology is an important tool in nondestructive testing, which can detect defects in concrete and be combined with other methods or models to make it more accurate. At present, ultrasonic inspection technology has been more research at home and abroad, both in theory and in engineering, and there has been great progress. This paper summarizes the latest progress of ultrasonic inspection technology for concrete structures at home and abroad respectively, and points out the future development trend.
Discussion on Calculation Method of Soft Soil Foundation Settlement in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Chen Junjie , Guan Dashu , Zhang Xiujie , Hong Weijie , Xu Ruming , Zhang Haitao , Wu Haojie
Published: March 2023

The modulus of compressibility of muddy soil in Dawan District is low, and the equivalent value of modulus of compressibility within the calculated depth range of foundation settlement is generally less than 2.5MPa, which exceeds the value range of empirical coefficient calculation basis for settlement calculation in the specification, and has the characteristics of large settlement. This time, according to the measured data of a coastal foundation settlement in Dawan District, the maximum settlement is fitted with the hyperbolic method, and the theoretical value of the total settlement is calculated according to the Code for Design of Building Foundation (GB50007-2011). Based on this analysis, the fitting curve equation of the empirical coefficient of settlement calculation when the equivalent value of the compression modulus is 2.5~4.15MPa is given, and the recommended value of the empirical coefficient of settlement calculation when the equivalent value of the compression modulus is 1.5~2.5MPa is calculated, so as to improve the calculation deviation of the original formula.
Eine neue Welt: Verbesserung der Diabetestherapie durch digitale und technische Innovationen
Authors: Menzen Markus
Published: March 2023

Was ist neu?

Telemedizin Die aktuellen Herausforderungen der Corona-Pandemie
haben in vielen Bereichen der Medizin telemedizinische Betreuung von Patienten vermehrt. Dabei
besteht noch ein deutlicher Verbesserungsbedarf der technischen Unterstützung bei
Videoportalen wie auch der Interoperabilität der Auswertetechniken von Insulinpumpen,
Insulinpens und Messtechnologien der Gewebe- und Blutglukose.

Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen Verschreibungsfähige Apps zur
Verbesserung der Diabeteskontrolle stehen seit diesem Jahr in der Behandlung von Menschen mit
Diabetes zur Verfügung.

Continuous-Glucose-Monitoring-System Das
Continuous-Glucose-Monitoring-System (CGMS) hat sich in den letzten Jahren zu einem
unverzichtbaren Baustein der intensivierten Insulintherapie entwickelt. Die Entwicklung dieser
Technik ist neben dem Insulinpen und Insulinpumpen als einer der großen Meilensteine der
Diabetestechnologie anzusehen.

Smart-Pen Smart-Pen-Technologien vereinfachen und verbessern die
korrekte Dokumentation der Insulingaben und insbesondere deren Zeitpunkte. Hierdurch werden
sich in Zukunft die Möglichkeiten zur elektronisch unterstützten Entscheidungshilfe der
Festlegung korrekter Insulindosierungen ergeben – für die Menschen mit Diabetes, die eine
intensivierte Insulintherapie anwenden, hierfür aber keine Pumpentechnologie nutzen
möchten.

Insulinpumpentherapie, insbesondere AID-Technologien Bei Menschen
mit Typ-1-Diabetes findet in zunehmendem Maße bei intensivierter Insulintherapie die
Insulingabe mithilfe von Insulinpumpen statt. Gerade in diesem Bereich bietet die Kopplung mit
CGMS besondere Chancen, insbesondere bei Patienten mit vorbestehend unzureichender
Diabeteskontrolle.

Wearables Eine Vielzahl anderer technischer Geräte wird in den
nächsten Jahren die Möglichkeiten der Diabetestherapie und auch des Managements von
Folgeerkrankungen unterstützen.
Risikofaktoren für Leistenschmerzen in den Sportspielen: Eine systematische Literaturrecherche
Authors: Zilles Gabriel , Grim Casper , Wegener Florian , Engelhardt Martin , Hotfiel Thilo , Hoppe Matthias Wilhelm
Published: March 2023

Hintergrund In den Sportspielen kommen Leistenschmerzen relativ häufig vor und können zu wiederholten längeren Ausfallzeiten führen. Daher sind Kenntnisse über geeignete evidenzbasierte Präventionsmaßnahmen wichtig. Ziel dieser systematischen Literaturrecherche war es, den Einfluss von Risikofaktoren und Präventionsprogrammen auf Leistenschmerzen in den Sportspielen gemäß internationalen Richtlinien zu untersuchen und methodisch nachvollziehbar nach ihrer Evidenz einzuordnen.

Methoden Die systematische Literaturrecherche erfolgte gemäß der PRISMA-Richtlinien in den elektronischen Datenbanken PubMed, Web of Science und SPOLIT mittels eines PICO-Schemas. Eingeschlossen wurden sämtliche Interventions- und Beobachtungsstudien, die den Einfluss von Risikofaktoren und Präventionsprogrammen auf Leistenschmerzen in den Sportspielen untersucht haben. Zur Überprüfung der methodischen Qualität wurde die PEDro-Skala genutzt. Ferner wurde jeder Studie ein Evidenzlevel nach dem OCEBM-Modell zugeordnet. Nach der Synthese der Ergebnisse anhand der Studienquantität und -qualität sowie des Evidenzlevels erfolgte eine Einordnung des Evidenzniveaus der Risikofaktoren.

Ergebnisse Eine moderate Evidenz konnte für 4 Risikofaktoren mit einem signifikanten Einfluss auf das Leistenschmerzrisiko gefunden werden: männliches Geschlecht, vorangegangene Leistenschmerzen, geringere Kraft der Hüftadduktoren und die Nichtdurchführung des FIFA 11+ Kids. Ebenfalls konnte eine moderate Evidenz für folgende nichtsignifikanten Risikofaktoren gefunden werden: höheres Alter, Körpergröße und -gewicht, höherer BMI, Körperfettanteil, Spielposition, dominantes Bein, Trainingsstunden, eingeschränkte ROM der Hüftabduktion, -adduktion, -extension, -flexion und -innenrotation, Kraft der Hüftflexoren, Kräftigung der Hüftabduktoren, -adduktoren, -flexoren und Bauchmuskulatur sowie Balancetraining, klinische Hüftmobilitätstests und konditionelle Faktoren.

Schlussfolgerung Die identifizierten Risikofaktoren können als Anhaltspunkte für die Entwicklung von Präventionsmaßnahmen zur Vermeidung von Leistenschmerzen in den Sportspielen dienen. Dabei sollten im Sinne einer Priorisierung nicht nur die signifikanten, sondern auch die nichtsignifikanten Risikofaktoren reflektiert werden.
Stellenwert und Anwendung der Verletzungsprävention im österreichischen Fußball – eine Befragung unter 687 Trainer/innen
Authors: Klausner Florian , Csapo Robert , Gonaus Christoph , Gföller Peter , Hoser Christian , Braun Sepp , Abermann Elisabeth , Fink Christian
Published: March 2023

Hintergrund Fußball ist eine der populärsten Sportarten, jedoch zeitgleich auch mit sehr hohem Verletzungsrisiko behaftet. Das Interesse an der Erforschung der Verletzungsursachen ist dementsprechend hoch. Daher wurden in den letzten Jahren zahlreiche Programme zur Verletzungsprävention entwickelt. Da diese Präventionsprogramme in die Trainingsroutine eingebettet werden, sind Trainer/innen für deren Implementierung verantwortlich. Ziel dieser Studie war es, österreichische Trainer/innen im Profi-, Amateur- und Nachwuchsbereich zum Thema Verletzungsprophylaxe zu befragen und ihre Einschätzung von Verletzungen im Fußball sowie den Umgang mit entsprechenden Verletzungspräventionsprogrammen zu erheben.

Methodik Für die Befragung wurde ein Online-Fragebogen entwickelt, der mithilfe des österreichischen Fußballverbandes an alle im Verband registrierten Trainer/innen versandt wurde.

Neben den personenbezogenen Daten wurde auch die Einstellung der Trainer zum Thema Verletzungsprävention abgefragt. Des Weiteren wurde abgefragt, welche präventiven Maßnahmen die Trainer/innen für wichtig erachten und welche sie auch in ihrem Training einsetzen und in welchem Umfang.

Ergebnisse An der Befragung nahmen 687 Trainer/innen teil. Die Trainer/innen waren zu 2,3%, 37,5% und 43,6% im Profi-, Amateur- und Nachwuchsbereich tätig, der Rest machte keine Angabe. Die Mehrzahl der Befragten (56%) gab an, Verletzungen im Fußball für ein großes Problem zu halten. Als größte Risikofaktoren für Verletzungen wurden unzureichende Fitness (75,7%), mangelnde Vorbereitung (60,7%) und zu kurze Regeneration (59,2%) eingeschätzt. Als präventiv wirksame Trainingsmaßnahmen wurden ausreichendes Aufwärmen (66,8%), Regenerationstraining (59,4%) sowie Rumpfstabilisationstraining (58,2%) angesehen. Die Trainer/innen zeigten großes Interesse (ca. 70%) an einer verstärkten Behandlung der Themen Risikofaktoren und Verletzungsprävention in Traineraus- und -fortbildungen. Mehr als die Hälfte der Befragten kannte keines der am weitesten verbreiteten Präventionsprogramme – eingesetzt wurden diese Programme gar nur von 15,4%.

Trotz großem Interesse am Thema Verletzungsprävention ist der entsprechende Kenntnisstand unter Österreichs Fußballtrainerinnen und -trainern gering. Angesichts der hohen Verletzungsprävalenz ist es erforderlich, die Trainer/innen durch Aus- und -fortbildungen bestmöglich über Verletzungsprävention und die Implementierung von Präventionsprogrammen im Trainingsalltag zu informieren.
ESC-Leitlinie 2022: Management ventrikulärer Arrhythmien in der klinischen Praxis
Authors: Könemann Hilke , Frommeyer Gerrit , Eckardt Lars
Published: March 2023

Was ist neu?

Neuerungen in der Diagnostik bei ventrikulären Arrhythmien Die Leitlinie legt einen besonderen Schwerpunkt auf praxisnahe Empfehlungen und beinhaltet u.a. übersichtliche Algorithmen. Es werden zahlreiche neue Empfehlungen zur kardialen MRT und genetischen Testung ausgesprochen.

Langzeitmanagement ventrikulärer Arrhythmien Grundpfeiler des Langzeitmanagements bleibt die optimale Behandlung der Grunderkrankung. Die Leitlinie enthält Algorithmen zur antiarrhythmischen Pharmakotherapie und konkrete ICD-Programmierempfehlungen.

Idiopathische ventrikuläre Arrhythmien Die Empfehlungen beziehen neben der Symptomatik auch die VES-Last mit ein. Die Katheterablation wird Erstlinientherapie bei idiopathischen ventrikulären Arrhythmien aus dem rechtsventrikulären Ausflusstrakt und linken Faszikel sowie bei VES-aggravierter oder -induzierter Kardiomyopathie.

Koronare Herzerkrankung Die aktuellen Empfehlungen zur primärprophylaktischen ICD-Therapie beziehen die programmierte elektrische Stimulation zur Risikostratifizierung ein. Die Ergebnisse der VANISH-Studie modifizieren die Empfehlungen zur Katheterablation bei rezidivierenden VT.

Dilatative Kardiomyopathie Neben der linksventrikulären Funktion werden in den Empfehlungen zur primärprophylaktischen ICD-Therapie auch bildmorphologische, genetische und klinische Faktoren berücksichtigt.

Primär elektrische Erkrankungen Für eine Vielzahl primär elektrischer Erkrankungen werden dezidierte Diagnosekriterien formuliert. Neu sind zahlreiche Empfehlungen zur genetischen Diagnostik.