bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic CRRT Prescription for Complicated Critically Ill Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Santorsola Clemente , Corona Alberto , Cecchi Matteo , Nicolini Niccolò Castellani , Zendra Elena , Capone Alice , Gatti Ivan , Brivio Matteo , Falsini Silvia , Villa Gianluca
Published: November 2024

Continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRTs) and sequential extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) therapies can be used in patients with severe COVID‐19 disease to support kidney failure and restore immune homeostasis. EBP prescription should be based on the patient’s clinical needs and frequently re‐evaluated during the intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Personalization of treatment at the bedside plays a fundamental role for patient recovery. This aim can be simplified by using both clinical and molecular data collected from a patient‐individualized web registry. In this case report, we describe how we apply a sequential approach to EBP therapies following the rapid evolution of a critically ill COVID‐19 patient with acute kidney injury. We show patient strategies and outcomes using bedside data from a registry‐based method for the routine use of EBP. We explain the choice of specific hemofilter prescription, also focusing on dose and anticoagulation strategies. We describe the difficulties, uncertainties, and mistakes made during EBP prescription. Furthermore, we discuss the causes and workable solutions that can be adopted by the ICU physician for a better EBP prescription, considering the current lack of well‐recognized indications.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03807414
A Single‐Copy Sensitive and Field‐Deployable One‐Pot RT‐RPA CRISPR/Cas12a Assay for the Specific Visual Detection of the Nipah Virus
Authors: Jin Kaikai , Huang Pei , Li Boyi , Cao Zengguo , Huang Zanheng , Zhang Zimo , Liu Meihui , Li Hao , Niu Lijuan , Zhang Tianyi , Li Yuanyuan , Li Xuemeng , Wang Hualei , Zhang Haili
Published: November 2024

Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging bat‐borne zoonotic virus that can be transmitted to humans and other animals through infected bats or contaminated foods. The disease is highly lethal in humans (40%–75%) and has the potential for human‐to‐human transmission. Currently, there are no approved treatments or vaccines for NiV infection in humans or animals. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a highly sensitive, precise, and visually detectable assay to enable early intervention and mitigate the transmission of NiV infection. Here, we report a single‐copy sensitive, field‐deployable, one‐pot visual reverse transcription‐recombinase polymerase amplification (RT‐RPA)‐clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR associate system (Cas)12 for the detection of NiV. The assay works by targeting the N gene of NiV, and the results are directly visible to the naked eye. The assay has demonstrated the ability to detect as few as 5.5 copies/μl of positive plasmids or 5.5 × 101 copies/μl of RNA transcripts when reacted at constant temperature for 40 min. It showed high specificity for NiV and had no cross‐reaction with other pathogens, including rabies virus (RABV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), Hendra virus (HeV), and Streptococcus suis (S. suis), that can cause clinical symptoms similar to those of NiV infection. Moreover, this assay had a 100% coincidence rate with the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) method recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) for the detection of simulated clinical samples, indicating that it has great potential as an ultrasensitive, simple, and portable novel assay for the onsite diagnosis of NiV infection.
Evaluating the Global Distribution and Characteristics of Research Studies Focusing on Swine Farm Biosecurity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Agrawal Isha , Kerby Erin E. , Varga Csaba
Published: November 2024

Despite significant advances in swine biosecurity (BS) over the last decade, BS plans have yet to be broadly adopted on swine farms. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScRs) framework was followed to review the literature, describe the worldwide distribution of publications on swine farm BS, and characterize the research methodologies used. The final data extraction and analysis included 157 publications originating from 48 countries. Several publications (n = 93) used face‐to‐face interviews for data collection. An increase in the adoption of online and multimode approaches was detected after 2009. Many publications (n = 92) focussed on the impact of BS on the incidence of swine diseases such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and African swine fever (ASF). Only 16 studies reported proposing incentives for study participation. Regions with high publication numbers were detected in Western and Southern Europe, Northeast of South America, and East Africa. Areas with low publication numbers were in Eastern Europe, North and Central Africa, Central America, and the Northwest of South America. This study identified the most common study methodologies used to assess swine farm BS. Countries with limited swine BS research studies were identified where future investigations are needed.
A New Study on the Minimum Time of Null Controllability for the Fractional Heat Equation in One Dimension by the Action of a Strategic Zone Profile
Authors: Seck Cheikh , Ane Mame Libasse Laye , Diouf Babacar
Published: November 2024

The goal of this paper project is to find a minimum time null controllability of the fractional heat equation in one dimension using the notion of strategic zone actuators. As part of our research activities, we had already addressed this theme, and this publication project is a logical continuation in the fractional case. Thus, this work has already been done in the case of classical differentiability in the sense of Frèchet. Indeed, inspired by the work of Khodja and Seck on the null controllability of the 1D heat equation and that of El Jai on the spreadability by means of the use of strategic actuators called zones, we have managed to decrease the minimum null controllability time of the 1D fractional heat equation. We are well aware of the difficulties linked to establishing the coercivity inequality of the parabolic operator. This requires searching for other, more innovative control methods. This is how, in this project, a mixed method using the method of moments and the notion of strategic profile was used to find a better minimum time of null controllability of the 1D fractional heat equation on regular domains by compared to what is known in the literature.
The Multifaceted Role of Gut Microbiota in Sea Urchin Digestion: Diversity, Function, Symbiosis, and Carbohydrate Degradation
Authors: Zheng Yining , Wang Furong , Jiang Yu , Zhang Yu , Wang Xin , Wang Lianshun , Wang Li , Wang Yuan , Lu Yanan , Cong Yuting , Yang Guojun
Published: November 2024

Sea urchins, ecologically important marine species, host a complex gut microbiota that plays a significant role in their digestion, nutrient acquisition, and overall health. The gut microbes, along with endogenous enzymes, facilitate the breakdown of macroalgae and other food sources. Environmental factors, including temperature, salinity, and habitat type, can greatly influence the microbial communities within sea urchins. Dietary variations can also lead to shifts in the abundance and composition of intestinal bacteria, highlighting the strong connection between diet and gut microbiota. The sea urchin’s unique anatomy and digestive system adaptations contribute to their ability to process and absorb nutrients efficiently, supporting their varied diets. Gut microbes not only participate in the decomposition of complex carbohydrates, but also in detoxifying compounds and mitigating the impacts of inhospitable environments. Further research is needed to fully understand the intricate relationships between sea urchin species, their habitats, diets, and gut microbiota composition. A deeper understanding of these interactions may inform sustainable management and aquaculture strategies, ensure the long‐term viability of economically valuable sea urchin species, and provide insights into their ecological roles and adaptability to changing environments.
Performance Evaluation of Control Strategies for Autonomous Quadrotors: A Review
Authors: Hassani Hamid , Mansouri Anass , Ahaitouf Ali
Published: November 2024

The recent progress in the fields of sensor miniaturization, light materials, automatic control, and battery management systems has opened up new opportunities for low‐cost unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), such as quadrotors. In fact, quadrotors have transitioned from a primarily military application to being widely used almost everywhere. Evidently, controlling such robots requires a deep understanding of their dynamic behavior and the use of robust strategies to accomplish the flight missions without compromising users’ safety. This study presents a comprehensive survey of control strategies for unmanned quadrotors. In our examination, the performance assessment of widely used control algorithms is discussed. Furthermore, the concept of model‐based design is presented as a solution for bridging the gap between simulation and experimental validation of control systems. It is anticipated that the present study will provide the reader with a clear vision of quadrotor UAV control theory.
3D‐Printed Filaments: Alginate Hydrogels With Cellulose Nanofibers as Functional Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Taha Mohamed , Abouzeid Ragab , Elbatran A. H. Abdelbaky , Shehadeh M. , Alfadhel Husain , Mazi Wafa , Omer Noha , Abdelaziz Mahmoud A. , Mogharbel Amal T. , Mousa Hamouda M.
Published: November 2024

This study is aimed at developing alginate hydrogel filaments enriched with TEMPO (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl radical)–oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs) through 3D‐printing techniques for application in bone tissue engineering. The filaments were designed to act as advanced biomaterials that support bone regeneration by combining alginate dissolved in phosphate ions with TOCNs, followed by extrusion into a calcium chloride solution. This process facilitated the cross‐linking of alginate and in situ mineralization of calcium phosphate. The produced hydrogel filaments were characterized using a variety of techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, in situ biomineralization tests confirmed the successful formation of apatite. Mechanical testing revealed a significant increase in tensile strength, ranging from 40 to 80 MPa, which underscores the improved structural integrity of the hydrogels. Rheological assessments demonstrated that the addition of TOCNs enhanced the viscoelastic properties of the filaments, making them more suitable for 3D‐printing applications. Cytotoxicity tests further confirmed the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, showing enhanced cell proliferation. These results suggest that incorporating TOCNs into alginate hydrogels offers a promising approach to developing functional biomaterials in tissue engineering, particularly for bone regeneration applications.
Emergence of HPAI H5N6 Clade 2.3.4.4b in Wild Birds: A Case Study From South Korea, 2023
Authors: Jeong Chang-Gi , Lee Chung-Young , Chae Su-Beom , Kwon Jung-Hoon , Na Eun-Jee , Park Jun-Soo , Kim Young-Sik , Kim Seung-Chai , Kim Hwan-Ju , Sung Young-Sun , Kim Sun-Young , Kim Won-Il , Oem Jae-Ku
Published: November 2024

The emergence and evolution of avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) pose significant challenges to both public health and animal husbandry worldwide. Here, we characterized a novel reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), clade 2.3.4.4b H5N6, that was isolated from a mandarin duck in South Korea in December 2023. Phylogenetic and molecular analyses show that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the 23‐JBN‐F12‐36/H5N6 virus clustered with HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses, which were circulating in South Korea and Japan in 2022–2023. The M and polymerase acidic (PA) genes also revealed a close association with the HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 AIV that was identified previously in South Korea during November 2022. Notably, the neuraminidase (NA) gene of the 23‐JBN‐F12‐36/H5N6 virus was estimated to have its origins in the HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4h H5N6 prevalent in poultry in China, and it is clustered with the AIVs that are associated with human infection cases. Taken together, these results show that the virus has been produced by reassortment with H5N1 HPAIV, which is prevalent in wild birds; H5N6 HPAIV, which is circulated in poultry in China; and the internal genes of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). In light of the reassortment of HPAIVs circulating in existing wild birds and HPAIVs circulating in poultry in China within the 2.3.4.4b H5Nx clade, it is imperative to strengthen active surveillance across wild bird populations, poultry farms, and live poultry markets, and to inform for the effective design of improved prevention and control strategies.
Notas sôbre os mosquitos de S. Paulo
Authors: Lane John
Published: November 2024

O a. faz considerações ácerca da distribuição geographica de Sabethes belisarioi no Estado de São Paulo. Descreve a larva de Goeldia fluviatilis e uma non especie Goeldia Iuederwaldti. Discorre sobre as especies de Joblotia e dá uma chave para o genero revalidando Joblotia mogilasia. Cita tres especies que encontrou como portadoras de ovos de Dermatobia hominis e faz considerações ácerca de algumas especies do genero Culex e sohre Aedes ai. hortator e terrens var. podographicus.
Algumas notas sobre o número de associações, de correlações e de regressões
Authors: Carvalho P. Egydio , Penteado Helena R.
Published: November 2024

.
Ação da adrenalina sobre o quociente respiratorio
Authors: Ribeiro Benjamin Alves
Published: November 2024

Não há acordo entre os autores quanto à ação da adrenalina sobre o quociente respiratório (Q. R.). Em conclusão às investigações a que procederam, se uns assinalam a inalterabilidade do quociente, outros, a maioria, afirmam que a relação C02/02 cresce, sistemática ou predominantemente, após a administração de adrenalina. É o que demonstra uma revisão da literatura.
Overcoming Historical Factors that Block the Quest for Educational Equity in Canadian Schools
Authors: Sensoy Özlem
Published: November 2024

Remedying school inequities in Canada requires actively confronting the challenges connected to Canada's national identity and history. These challenges uphold historically rooted, ongoing inequities that are tied together by three themes: the legacy of colonialism and the displacement and resource acquisition that provided (and continues to provide) wealth for the ruling elite; enslaved and under/unpaid racialized/ migrant labor that built and continues to uphold the infrastructure of the nationstate; and the discourses of Canadian identity centered on the perceived “nice and polite” Canadian and the peaceful multicultural mosaic of its vast land. Any effort to fully understand and address educational projects for change in Canada must engage with these three themes central to Canada's identity.
Whole-brain responses to visual and auditory stimuli in anesthetized and minimally restrained awake mice using quiet zero echo time fMRI
Authors: Dvořáková Lenka , Stenroos Petteri , Salo Raimo A. , Paasonen Ekaterina , Tanila Heikki , Michaeli Shalom , Mangia Silvia , Zehnder Tamara , Mueggler Thomas , Künnecke Basil , Paasonen Jaakko , Gröhn Olli
Published: November 2024

Functional MRI (fMRI) is a flexible tool for sensory perception studies in animal models. However, animal fMRI studies are generally performed under anesthesia. Unfortunately, anesthesia affects brain function and sensory processing, complicating the interpretation of the findings. Since there is a growing need for fMRI protocols applicable for awake animals, we optimized a zero echo time Multi-Band Sweep Imaging with a Fourier Transformation (MB-SWIFT) fMRI approach for imaging awake mice. We implemented a 14-day habituation protocol that resulted in merely moderate motion of the mice while being head-fixed with the animals’ body and limbs being free to move. The sensory responsiveness between different states of consciousness was compared by imaging mice with visual and auditory stimulation schemes in the awake state and under ketamine–xylazine anesthesia. In awake mice, we observed a robust whole-brain activation of the ascending auditory and visual pathways, as well as higher sensory processing areas. Under ketamine–xylazine anesthesia, auditory responses were suppressed, and the temporal shapes of fMRI responses were different from those obtained in awake mice. Our results suggest that the quiet and motion-tolerant zero echo time MB-SWIFT approach allows complex behavioral fMRI designs in the awake state that promise to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of perception.
Action observation reveals a network with divergent temporal and parietal cortex engagement in dogs compared with humans
Authors: Boch Magdalena , Karl Sabrina , Wagner Isabella C. , Lengersdorff Lukas L. , Huber Ludwig , Lamm Claus
Published: November 2024

Action observation is a fundamental pillar of social cognition. Neuroimaging research has revealed a human and non-human primate action observation network (AON) encompassing frontotemporoparietal areas with links to the species’ imitation tendencies and relative lobe expansion. Dogs (Canis familiaris) have good action perception and imitation skills and a less expanded parietal than temporal cortex, but their AON remains unexplored. We conducted a functional MRI study with 28 dogs and 40 humans and found functionally analogous involvement of somatosensory and temporal brain areas of both species’ AONs and responses to transitive and intransitive action observation in line with their imitative skills. Employing a functional localizer, we also identified functionally analogous agent-responsive areas within both species’ AONs. However, activation and task-based functional connectivity measures suggested significantly less parietal cortex involvement in dogs than in humans. These findings advance our understanding of the neural bases of action understanding and the convergent evolution of social cognition, with analogies and differences resulting from similar social environments and divergent brain expansion, respectively.
Variability of multidimensional diffusion–relaxation MRI estimates in the human brain
Authors: Manninen Eppu , Bao Shunxing , Landman Bennett A. , Yang Yihong , Topgaard Daniel , Benjamini Dan
Published: November 2024

Diffusion–relaxation correlation multidimensional MRI (MD-MRI) replaces voxel-averaged diffusion tensor quantities and R1 and R2 relaxation rates with their multidimensional distributions, enabling the selective extraction and mapping of specific diffusion–relaxation spectral ranges that correspond to different cellular features. This approach has the potential of achieving high sensitivity and specificity in detecting subtle changes that would otherwise be averaged out. Here, the whole brain characterization of MD-MRI distributions and derived parameters is presented and the intrascanner test–retest reliability, repeatability, and reproducibility are evaluated to promote the further development of these quantities as neuroimaging biomarkers. We compared white matter tracts and cortical and subcortical gray matter regions, revealing notable variations in their diffusion–relaxation profiles, indicative of unique microscopic morphological characteristics. We found that the reliability and repeatability of MD-MRI-derived diffusion and relaxation mean parameters were comparable with values expected in conventional diffusion tensor imaging and relaxometry studies. Importantly, the estimated signal fractions of intravoxel spectral components in the MD-MRI distribution, corresponding to white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid, were found to be reproducible. This underscores the viability of employing a spectral analysis approach to MD-MRI data. Our results show that a clinically feasible MD-MRI protocol can reliably deliver information of the rich structural and chemical variety that exists within each imaging voxel, creating potential for new MRI biomarkers with enhanced sensitivity and specificity.
Multimodal MRI accurately identifies amyloid status in unbalanced cohorts in Alzheimer’s disease continuum
Authors: Dolci Giorgio , Ellis Charles A. , Cruciani Federica , Brusini Lorenza , Abrol Anees , Galazzo Ilaria Boscolo , Menegaz Gloria , Calhoun Vince D. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2024

Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in conjunction with hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in the form of neurofibrillary tangles are the two neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. It is well-known that the identification of individuals with Aβ positivity could enable early diagnosis. In this work, we aim at capturing the Aβ positivity status in an unbalanced cohort enclosing subjects at different disease stages, exploiting the underlying structural and connectivity disease-induced modulations as revealed by structural, functional, and diffusion MRI. Of note, due to the unbalanced cohort, the outcomes may be guided by those factors rather than amyloid accumulation. The partial views provided by each modality are integrated in the model, allowing to take full advantage of their complementarity in encoding the effects of the Aβ accumulation, leading to an accuracy of 0.762 ± 0.04. The specificity of the information brought by each modality is assessed by post hoc explainability analysis (guided backpropagation), highlighting the underlying structural and functional changes. Noteworthy, well-established biomarker key regions related to Aβ deposition could be identified by all modalities, including the hippocampus, thalamus, precuneus, and cingulate gyrus, witnessing in favor of the reliability of the method as well as its potential in shedding light on modality-specific possibly unknown Aβ deposition signatures.
First observations of water provisioning to wild altricial nestlings: pied crow (Corvus albus) parents resolve a sticky situation in The Gambia
Authors: Lahti David C. , Barlow Clive R.
Published: November 2024

Nestlings of altricial birds are not typically provisioned water. For the first time in a wild altricial bird we provide annotated video documentation of adult pied crows (Corvus albus) gathering water with their bills and provisioning it to their nestlings in a similar manner as food is delivered. The circumstances of this provisioning suggest that the function is to dislodge anthropogenic food (mainly boiled rice, which has a sticky consistency) from the parent’s bill, flush it into the mouth of the nestling, and facilitate swallowing. The means by which the adults gather the water without swallowing and transport it is also unusual. Water provisioning by pied crows is a previously undescribed example of corvid ingenuity, likely in an effort to handle novel food in a human-altered environment.
Labour Migrations
Authors: Eze Okonkwo C. , Nwamuo Bright E. , Eke Jude Uwakwe , Echara Echara Ambrose , Ngwu Elias C.
Published: November 2024

This study examined how labour migrations, which provide a veritable platform for nation-building, has been thwarted in Nigeria by the political elite through the politics of indigene-settler phenomenon. Though extant studies had examined the indigene-settler syndrome, the prospects of labour migration for nation-building in the country, which this entails, has been understudied. This paper, therefore, provides an insightful investigation into how the intricate web of politics of inclusion, exclusion, and deprivations between the indigenes and labour migrants or settlers in various states has tended to thwart nation-building efforts in the country. The study argues that the indigene-settler phenomenon undermines the facilitative capacity of labour migration for the actualization of the nation’s productive potentials and the construction of a common nationhood. It found that the indigene-settler syndrome is an elite construct to advance and protect their economic and political interests within the polity. It further contends that the elite’s coincidence of interests over scarce resources leads to inter-elite competition in which the indigeneity card is deployed as a potent politico-economic tool to gain advantage over contending elites. The study advocates for inclusive politics as the route to true nationhood devoid of mistrust, fears of marginalization and acrimonious competition for power.
A Resumption of Canonization after Centuries-Long Hiatus
Authors: Khachatryan Shushan
Published: November 2024

On April 23, 2015, a long-expected canonization ceremony was held at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in Armenia. This ceremony marked the collective canonization of the martyrs of the Armenian Genocide on the open-air altar of St. Trdat III the Great. A specially revived formula was used, not mentioning any number of martyrs. The ceremony included the Lord’s Prayer, a procession, scriptural readings, and testimonies of martyrdom. April 24 was set as the Commemoration Day.

The article traces the 100-year journey from 1915 to 2015, exploring the relationship between historical memory, theological reflection, and martyrdom in Armenian consciousness. The revived model revisits the framework of how canonizations could have taken place with a dynamic connection between ecclesiastical authority and community in the holistic Christian model. The martyrs of the Armenian Genocide are one specific cluster of neo-martyrdom in Christian theology, and the present research stresses this aspect as well.
Retracing the History of Women Thinkers in Colonial Bengal: A Critical Study of Bamasundari Devi and Her Works in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Chakraborty Sanchayita Paul
Published: November 2024

When women thinkers present their critical worldview, how do they conceive their social and cultural spaces? What alternative ideas came up when women writers began to question gender relations and social discrimination? Can critical thinking by women intellectuals from marginalised locations offer us a different understanding of intellectual and cultural history? This article attempts to reread the forgotten pages of the intellectual history of women thinkers in the nineteenth century in colonial Bengal through a critical study of the essays of Bamasundari Devi. In the late nineteenth century, Bamasundari reclaimed the intellectual space which was conventionally denied to women. Through her argumentative prose, she proposes non-discriminatory social practices and challenges the dominant norms of Hindu brahminic patriarchy. This article will explore the contribution of Bamasundari Devi and her works in order to retrace the intellectual tradition of women thinkers in colonial Bengal.
Stochastic Remembering and Distributed Mnemonic Agency
Authors: Smit Rik , Smits Thomas , Merrill Samuel
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces the concept of stochastic remembering and uses two prompt engineering techniques to critically examine the text generated by ai chatbots. These techniques – step-by-step prompting and chain of thought reasoning – are then experimentally applied to understand how ChatGPT, the most commonly used ai chatbot, shapes how we remember historical activists. This experiment suggests that hegemonic forms of memory influence the data on which these chatbots are trained and underlines how stochastic patterns affect how humans and ai systems collectively remember the past. Humans and ai systems prompt each other to remember. In conclusion, the paper argues that ai chatbots are a new kind of mnemonic actor that, in interaction with users, renders a probabilistic past. Methodologically, the paper introduces, in an explorative way, an experimental method that can reveal the dynamics of stochastic remembering.
Reaction of Promising Illu-Ababor Coffee Selections Against Major Coffee Diseases
Authors: Gidisa Gabisa , Negesa Hailu
Published: November 2024

Coffee is prone to a number of diseases that attacks berries, leafs, root and stems reduce the yield and marketability. Among diseases Coffee Berry diseases (CBD), Coffee leaf rust (CLR), Coffee wilt diseases (CWD) are the major diseases in Ethiopia. The study was contained 13 coffee selections collected from different coffee producing areas of illu-ababor zones with four resistant checks (754, 7410, 744 & 7440). These selections were planted at Metu Agricultural Research Sub center (MARC) Gore and Chora trial sites in RCBD during 2010 cropping year. Significant difference among the genotypes for coffee berry diseases was observed specially at CBD prone site Chora. Severity values of selections ranged from 0.00 – 51.27% and among selections 229/71(3.00), p-23(8.55 showed below 5% severity at Chora and promoted to attached berry test. As the result in the (Table 1) indicates, the coffee accession 229/71(0.47)% showed highly resistant reaction to coffee berry disease and selected for further breeding purposes. While, 678 (51.27), revealed 50% susceptible reaction for both visually and by attached berry test to CBD. The selections were showed highly resistant reactions (744,754, P-23, P-30) 0.13, 0.16, 0.66 and 0.88 respectively and the remaining were showed moderately resistance reaction to coffee leaf rust at three locations. The seedling test result indicates that two coffee selections (P-30) and (P-23) 17.7% and 21% moderately resistant reaction and the rest coffee selections showed susceptible reaction to coffee wilt diseases.
The Legacy of Internal Migration in Our Environment: Understanding Its Footprint and Fingerprint
Authors: Hossain Md.
Published: November 2024

Internal migration is a process of relocation within a country by a person primarily to find a better prospect, education, or in response to natural calamities. Researching internal migration must be given attention to comprehend demographic movements and how they affect places where migration takes place and where it is received. This study sheds light on the very complicated relationship between internal migration and environmental effects. This paper lays out the systematic literature reviews by descriptively analyzing the causes of internal migration: economic opportunity, social bonds, and the environment. This paper explores the effect of internal migration on the environment, including the positive aspects (e.g. knowledge transfer, investment in green technology) and the negative ones (urban sprawl, increased consumption). The study of footprints and fingerprints and their effects on environmentalism is complex and at the same time contradictory. This study also focuses on policy responses and mitigation options, stating that there is a need for a holistic strategy that will meet the special demands of internal migrants and help them to be integrated into society. It will also promote sustainable development. The study makes valuable recommendations for drawing up sustainable development strategies that consider the link between internal migration and environmental well-being.
Identification of Microflora Associated with Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds and Its Impact on Physical Impairment on Seeds Germination Percentages
Authors: Gebisa Leta , G/Tsadik Wodimagegnehu
Published: November 2024

This study was to investigate the incidence of seed-borne fungi on the groundnut seeds isolate and identify the seed-borne fungi associated with some of groundnut seeds and obtain information on the pathological effect of these fungi on the peanut seed germination. The results of these investigations revealed the existence of four notable seed-borne fungal pathogens, specifically A. niger, A. flavus, A. tamre, and one Aspergillus pp., in the designated research area. A. niger was identified as the predominant fungus affecting groundnut seeds among these pathogens. This finding suggests that the presence of A. niger might inhibit the growth of other fungi through competitive interactions in the environment. Previous research by Ohave. The findings are consistent with the results of my study, which demonstrate that these fungi play a role in causing pathological effects on groundnut seeds, resulting in issues such as seed shriveling, discoloration, and decreased germination rates due to seed-borne fungal infections. The conducted study emphasizes the importance of treating seeds purchased from markets with fungicides prior to planting to prevent seedborne diseases like seed rot, decay, and other related pathologies. Furthermore, it is very important to take steps to reduce the spread of seed-borne pathogens and the production of mycotoxins in groundnut seeds by improving storage conditions, which include maintaining low temperatures, humidity levels, and moisture content. Additionally, preventive measures should be implemented to avoid damage during post-harvest processes at storage and during the sale at the market.
Internationalization of Higher Education: Critical Examination of Virtual Intercultural Exchange Models at Moroccan Universities
Authors: Boustar Rania
Published: November 2024

This article explores an intercultural and international teaching approach for higher education through the implementation of Collaborative Online Intercultural Learning (COIL) models to bolster cross-cultural communication competence among Moroccan EFL students. In particular, the integration of virtual exchange models aims to internationalize teaching practices and simultaneously equipping undergraduate students with critical skills such as intercultural awareness, intercultural competence, empathy, and global citizenship. These skills are essential for effective communication in diverse cultural contexts. The article underscores the importance of developing students' ability to critically engage with cultural differences, reflect on their own cultural assumptions, and navigate the complexities of intercultural interactions in a globalized world. The COIL approach fosters not only language proficiency but also an ethical understanding of the cultural 'other,' thus preparing students to become active participants in a multicultural and interconnected world. To pursue this endeavor, the study adopted a qualitative research method in order to investigate the role of tele-collaborative projects in Moroccan higher education. The article presents a case study of involving students and teachers from Morocco and the United States, highlighting how the COIL model enhances cross-cultural awareness, promotes dialogue, and deepens understanding of diverse cultures. The findings reveal that incorporating COIL was key to both internationalizing teaching methods and fostering students' intercultural competence, making it a valuable tool in preparing students for global engagement.
AlUla Archaeological Decorations Regarding Ornamental Accessories Using Contemporary Printing Techniques by Metal Surface Treatment
Authors: Nouruldeen Khadijah
Published: November 2024

The research aimed to explore the use of archeological rock ornamentations from AlUla in designing and manufacturing decorative accessories globally, employing up-to-date printing methods on metal surfaces. AlUla is the place in northwest Saudi Arabia that boasts a very rich cultural tradition expressed through different forms of ancient rock carvings, inscriptions, and decorative motifs. These archaeological constituents represent a great opportunity for the integration of historical art forms with state-of-the-art design practices in line with KSA Vision 2030, set on cultural promotion coupled with technological advancement. The central research problem looks into how AlUla's cultural motifs could be adapted for use in ornamental accessories by employing advanced surface treatment techniques on metals. The approach followed in the research is descriptive and analytical to explore, from a theoretical viewpoint, the historical significance and artistic value of the archaeological decorations in AlUla. It further probes into an experimental methodology of applying methods of contemporary digital printing on metal surfaces. This will not only try to bring to light how these ancient symbols influenced the evolution of the decorative arts in the Kingdom, but also how present-day technology may revitalize these traditional designs for today's market. The findings prove that digital printing techniques are actually useful in producing very complex and culturally inspired metal accessories, thus proving the point of heritage meeting innovation. From this research, it is necessary to establish that it holds great potential for functionality and aesthetic enhancement of ornamental accessories to foster cultural heritage via contemporary art. It goes to recommend further explorations of technological advances in digital printing and applications within metal accessory industries for further emphasis on integrating traditional art forms with modern technologies of production for added value to the cultural heritage and commercial practices.
Design and Verification of Blockchain Enabled Monitoring Data Ownership for Foundation Pits
Authors: He Yixin , Chen Wu , Zhou Jun , He Ge , Miao Dan , Ye Jianxin
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of urban construction, the demand for reliable data management systems is increasing. The Guangzhou Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau has recognized the necessity of data rights confirmation to enhance the management efficiency and security of monitoring data, which is crucial for ensuring the safety of construction projects. In response to the insufficient security and credibility of traditional foundation pit monitoring data during the certification process, this study proposes a design and verification scheme for foundation pit monitoring data certification based on blockchain technology. By designing smart contracts to achieve tamper proof and transparent sharing of data, we ensure the authenticity and reliability of monitoring data throughout its entire lifecycle. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme effectively reduces the security risks of foundation pit monitoring data during storage and transmission, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of data management. Meanwhile, based on the distributed nature of blockchain, the credibility of data has been enhanced, preventing the forgery and tampering of information. The design scheme of this study not only effectively realizes the certification of foundation pit monitoring data, but also provides new ideas for data sharing and security in engineering management, with important application prospects, especially in the fields of engineering safety, risk control, etc., which can provide strong data support for relevant decisions.
Effects of Mutagenic Treatments on Drought Tolerance Indices of Selected Cowpea Mutant Lines from Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Bukola Ibikunle , Olamide Falusi , Abdulazeez Daudu , Abdulhakeem Abubakar
Published: November 2024

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an important legume crop cultivated in many regions of Nigeria. It serves as a source of protein, nutrients and income for communities. However, its production and yield potential are severely affected by drought which has been a prevalent constraint over the years, posing a significant threat to cowpea production and food security hence the need to develop mutant lines that can withstand drought conditions for continuous sustenance of lives and livelihoods. This study aimed to determine the effects of mutagens on drought tolerance indices in selected cowpea mutant lines treated with gamma irradiated and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) collected from the gene bank of Plant Biology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State. These mutant lines were subjected to water stress for two weeks and assessed for drought tolerance potential. The study revealed that gamma rays and EMS had significantly effects on drought tolerance indices. The Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) ranged from 4.11 (V2G4) to 7.11 (V3EG3). Stress Intensity (SI) values ranged from 0.050 (V1EG4) to 0.585 (V2G4). V1EG4 exhibited the lowest SI. The SSI values of the cowpea mutant lines ranged from 0.43 in genotype V1EG4 to 2.69 in genotype V2G4. It was observed that four mutant lines namely; V1EG4 (0.43), V1G4 (0.47), V3EG3 (0.48), VIEG3 (0.58), V3EG1 (0.95) respectively had SSI value less than one (1). The Tolerance Index (TOL) ranged from 8.60 (V3EG3) to 12.93 (V2G4). The TOL values of the mutant lines V3EG3 exhibited the lowest and in contrast; V2G4 had the highest TOL, Stress Tolerance Index (STI) values of the cowpea mutant lines ranged from 0.407 in genotype V2G4 to 1.949 in genotype V3EG3. Mutant lines VIG4 (1.741) V1EG3 (1.893), V1EG4 (1.816) and V1EG3 (1.893) also had higher STI as compared to mutant lines V2EG4 (0.892), V1EG2 (0.714) V3G4 (0.709) and V3G1 (0.548). YI values ranged from 0.32 in genotype V2G4 to 2.24 in genotype V3EG3. The HM values ranged from 3.86 in genotype V2G4 to 7.08 in genotype V3EG. Drought tolerance indices studied confirms that mutagen treatments such as gamma rays and EMS significantly affected the tolerance and productivity of cowpea positively. Mutant lines such as such as V3EG3, V1G4 and V1EG4 exhibited enhanced drought tolerance as evidenced in their high MP, GMP, and STI values, along with low TOL and SSI values suggesting this mutant lines could be used for improving drought tolerance in cowpea breeding initiatives.
Analysis of Trends in Immunization Coverage Inequalities Among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Guinea: Data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 2005, 2012, and 2018
Authors: Leno Niouma , Camara Abdoulaye , Leno Daniel , Kadio Kadio , Keita Moussa , Solano Sékou , Condé Iya , Sylla Sékou , Mayaka Serge
Published: November 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to describe trends in inequalities in full immunization of children aged 12 to 23 months and to identify associated socioeconomic factors. Methods: A secondary analysis was carried out using data from three Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 2005, 2012 and 2018 in the Republic of Guinea. The concentration, or Lorenz curve, and associated index were used to measure inequalities over time. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify socioeconomic factors associated with full vaccination of children aged 12 to 23 months. Results: The study found a strongly positive overall concentration index (CI > 0.5) for complete vaccination of children aged 12 to 23 months, indicating inequalities in favor of wealthier households. This inequality decreased in 2012 but increased again in 2018. Children from wealthy families were nearly twice as likely to be fully vaccinated compared to children from very poor families (adjusted OR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.38 - 2.32). Conclusion: This study revealed significant inequalities favoring wealthy families in the use of immunization services by children aged 12 to 23 months in Guinea. It also underscores the need for planning and implementing strategies to reduce these inequalities in access to and use of immunization services.
The Effect of Parenting Style on Depression: The Mediating Role of Life History Strategies
Authors: Wang Yan , Ci Fengjie
Published: November 2024

In China, youth refer to under the age of 16. During adolescence, children's psychological problems are the focus of attention. Based on Bronfenbrenner's bioecology theory and life history theory, this study examined the relationship between parenting styles and depression, in which life history is a mediator. Based on ecosystem theory and life history theory, this paper examines the influence of parenting style on junior middle school students' depression and its mechanism. A total of 551 primary school students were investigated by using parenting style rating scale, depression scale and MINI-K scale. Data analyses were performed using SPSS 24.0. The results showed that: (1) Parents' positive parenting style negatively predicted depression, and parents' negative parenting style positively predicted depression; (2) Life history strategy played a mediating role between parenting style and depression. The results not only revealed the relationship between parenting style and depression of junior high school students, but also revealed its mechanism, which had certain reference value for improving the mental health of junior high school students. Results of this study indicate the negative influence of parents' negative parenting style on middle school students' emotional adjustment and the mediating role of life history strategies. Taken together, these findings suggest that parenting style is a proximal factor for depression and that future interventions should focus on parent-adolescent interactions.
Resilience in Brazilian’s Older Persons with Visual Impairment: A Marginal Effects Approach
Authors: Olivares-Tirado Pedro , Zanga Rosendo
Published: November 2024

Background: Resilience is essential for healthy ageing in a society where people live longer and face increased individual adversity risks. This study investigated the association between visual impairment and resilience in Brazilians aged 60 and older. We explore personal, sociodemographic, and economic factors that influence the impact of visual impairment on the psychological and social support aspects of resilience outcomes. Resilience was operationally defined at an individual level as an outcome through self-report measures, expressing the preservation of psychological dimensions such as motivation, emotional well-being, and social support in the presence of visual impairment. Method: Data from the Brazilian National Health Survey (2019), a population-based, cross-sectional study using a Partial Proportional Odds Model and a marginal effect at the means to make the results more interpretable. Participants included 21,699 older adults with an average age of 69.5 years; 55% were women; 35% exhibited partial or permanent visual impairment, and 53% were considered resilient. Results: As the severity of visual impairment increases, the likelihood of resilience in older adults decreases for both men and women. Resilience increases with age, regardless of the severity of the disorder. Older men were more resilient than women in all categories of visual impairment. Regardless of the severity of the disorder, unscholarly participants show greater resilience. Participants who rated better health status had better resilience levels. Conclusions: This study suggests that, beyond the positive association with some sociodemographic factors, resilience is strongly related to cultural factors and self-perceived health status among older Brazilians.
Assessment of the Production System of Indigenous Dairy Cattle Breeds in Metekel and Some Parts of the Awi Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Getnet Mezgebu , Worku Bainesagn , Shitaneh Esubalew
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted in Mtekel and some parts of the Awi Zone to assess indigenous dairy cattle production patterns in the study area. The majority of respondents (98.3% and 53.95%) were male and literate, respectively. Land holdings varied significantly, ranging from landless households to those owning up to 280 hectares. The predominant farming activity was mixed farming (69%). Agriculture was the primary source of income for 79.3% of respondents across all districts. The trend in cattle productivity was increasing, with the main objective of cattle production being income generation. Cattle were the major contributors to household income, followed by crop production, and were considered the most important livestock species in the area. Crop residues and communal grazing lands were the primary feed resources during the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Overall, cattle production was identified as the major income source, a significant contributor to household income, and a multifunctional agricultural activity for the farming community in rural, peri-urban, and urban areas of the study area. The relevant authorities should focus on improving cattle production in terms of feed, breeding, health, and management practices to enhance productivity and improve livelihoods.