bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sevoflurane Preconditioning Rescues PKMζ Gene Expression from Broad Hypoxia-Induced mRNA Downregulation Correlating with Improved Neuronal Recovery
Authors: Hou Joan Y. , Allen Kim D. , Hernandez A. Iván , Cottrell James E. , Kass Ira S.
Published: January 2025

Hypoxia due to stroke is a major cause of neuronal damage, leading to loss of cognition and other brain functions. Sevoflurane preconditioning improves recovery after hypoxia. Hypoxia interferes with protein expression at the translational level; however, its effect on mRNA levels for neuronal protein kinase and anti-apoptotic genes is unclear. To investigate the link between sevoflurane preconditioning and gene expression, hippocampal slices were treated with 4% sevoflurane for 15 min, a 5 min washout, 10 min of hypoxia, and 60 min of recovery. We used quantitative PCR to measure mRNA levels in the CA1 region of rat hippocampi. The mRNA levels for specific critical proteins were examined, as follows: Protein kinases, PKCγ (0.22), PKCε (0.38), and PKMζ (0.55) mRNAs, and anti-apoptotic, bcl-2 (0.44) and bcl-xl (0.41), were reduced 60 min after hypoxia relative to their expression in tissue not subjected to hypoxia (set to 1.0). Sevoflurane preconditioning prevented the reduction in PKMζ (0.88 vs. 1.0) mRNA levels after hypoxia. Pro-apoptotic BAD mRNA was not significantly changed after hypoxia, even with sevoflurane preconditioning (hypoxia 0.81, sevo hypoxia 0.84 vs. normoxia 1.0). However, BAD mRNA was increased by sevoflurane in non-hypoxic conditions (1.48 vs. 1.0), which may partially explain the deleterious effects of volatile anesthetics under certain conditions. The DNA repair enzyme poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) was increased by sevoflurane in tissue not subjected to hypoxia (1.23). PARP-1 mRNA was reduced in untreated tissue after hypoxia (0.21 vs. 1.0); sevoflurane did not improve PARP-1 after hypoxia (0.27). Interestingly, the mRNA level of the cognitive kinase PKMζ, a kinase essential for learning and memory, was the only one protected against hypoxic downregulation by sevoflurane preconditioning. These findings correlate with previous studies that found that sevoflurane-induced improvement of neuronal survival after hypoxia was dependent on PKMζ. Maintaining mRNA levels for critical proteins may provide an important mechanism for preserving neuronal function after stroke.
Optimizing Brown Stock Washing in the Pulp and Paper Industry: A System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Kayal Bassam , Nasr Yara , El Zakhem Henri , El Bachawati Makram
Published: January 2025

The process of pulping and papermaking is a complicated, resource-demanding operation that requires energy, water, and chemicals. When not managed properly, the process can also contribute significantly to pollution. The washing process is one critical operation that impacts the process’s economics and environmental footprint. Most mills utilize rotary vacuum washers to separate black liquor from pulp, ensuring clean pulp for further processing downstream. Numerous factors influence the efficiency of a brown stock washer, and the washing operation itself is intricate. This study employs the system dynamics modeling approach to examine the critical role of brown stock washing in the pulp and paper industry, emphasizing optimizing process parameters for improved efficiency and sustainability. In the first part of the paper, a single stage of the washer system is modeled by establishing mass balance equations for key streams, including pulp, liquor, and dissolved solids. Within the system dynamics environment, separate models are developed for each stream, allowing for a detailed analysis of their behavior. To enhance modeling efficiency, the brown stock washing process is divided into four distinct operations: dilution, pulp formation, washing, and filtration. Breaking down the process into these operations makes it possible to focus on optimizing each step for improved overall performance. Furthermore, a control strategy is implemented to ensure stability in critical areas such as dilution vat level, discharged pulp consistency, and filtration tank level. In the final phase of the research, a multistage countercurrent brown stock washing line comprising three washers is modeled. Researchers can gain insights into how different components interact and influence overall performance by evaluating various parameters and analyzing the line’s efficiency. This comprehensive analysis enables them to identify potential improvements and optimize the washing process for enhanced productivity and quality output. The conclusions drawn from this work offer valuable guidance for optimizing water management practices in the pulp and paper sector, contributing to the industry’s sustainability goals and regulatory compliance.
The Role of Ankle–Foot Orthoses in Improving Gait in Children and Adolescents with Neuromotor Disability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Faccioli Silvia , Tonini Giulia , Vinante Elena , Ehsani Alessandro , Pellarin Eleonora , Cassanelli Giuliano , Malvicini Francesca , Perazza Silvia , Venturelli Francesco , Guida Andrea , Sassi Silvia
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: International guidelines recommend the use of orthoses in subjects with cerebral palsy (CP), even though there is limited evidence of their effectiveness. Little is known about their effectiveness in children and adolescents with other types of neuromotor disability. Methods: The review protocol was recorded on the PROSPERO register (CRD42024509165) and conformed to the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria were any type of ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs); pediatric subjects with any non-acquired neuromotor disease; any type of outcome measure regarding gait performance; controlled studies; and those in the English language. Screening, selection, risk of bias assessment, and data extraction were performed by a group of independent researchers. Results: Fifty-seven reports were included, with most regarding CP; three involved subjects with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease or Duchenne dystrophy. Nine were RCTs. A meta-analysis was performed for studies including subjects with CP. The meta-analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of AFOs in increasing stride length (MD −10.21 [−13.92, −6.51]), ankle dorsiflexion at IC (MD 9.66 [7.05, 12.27]), and peak ankle DF in stance (MD 5.72 [2.34, 9.09]) while reducing cadence (MD 0.13 [0.06, 0.17]) and the energy cost of walking (MD −0.02 [−0.03, −0.00]). The peak ankle power generated at push-off was significantly increased with flexible AFOs compared to rigid AFOs (MD 0.38 [0.30, 0.46]), but it decreased with both compared to walking barefoot or with shoes (MD −0.35 [−0.49, −0.22]). Evidence regarding DMD and CMT was limited but suggested opting for individualized flexible AFOs, which preserved peak ankle power generation. Conclusions: AFOs improve gait performance in CP. Flexible AFOs are preferable because they preserve the peak ankle power generated at push-off compared to rigid AFOs.
The Culturalization of Politics, Religion and Cultural Wars: The Case of Turkey and the Turkish Cypriot Community
Authors: Moudouros Nikos
Published: January 2025

This article examines the transformation of religion into a structural part of cultural war, as well as the broader process of the culturalization of politics, as a hegemonic strategy. Within this specific context, the article describes the evolution of cultural war in Turkey and how it is transferred in the context of the Turkish Cypriot community. The first part of the article contains a general analysis of the process of the culturalization of politics and its connection with the question of hegemony. The second part focuses on the case of Turkey and, more specifically, on how the Turkish right has instrumentalized religion in cultural war. It places the AKP within the aforementioned context and describes the importance it has placed on the strengthening of religion in the educational structures of the country. The last part of the article focuses on the evolution of cultural war between Turkey and the Turkish Cypriot community. It examines the key views of the AKP on the transformation of Turkish Cypriot collective identity and the role religion should play. It also examines the reaction of sections of the Turkish Cypriot community, mainly originating from the historical dimension of Turkish Cypriot secularism.
Generative Adversarial Network for Synthesizing Multivariate Time-Series Data in Electric Vehicle Driving Scenarios
Authors: Jeng Shyr-Long
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a time-series point-to-point generative adversarial network (TS-p2pGAN) for synthesizing realistic electric vehicle (EV) driving data. The model accurately generates four critical operational parameters—battery state of charge (SOC), battery voltage, mechanical acceleration, and vehicle torque—as multivariate time-series data. Evaluation on 70 real-world driving trips from an open battery dataset reveals the model’s exceptional accuracy in estimating SOC values, particularly under complex stop-and-restart scenarios and across diverse initial SOC levels. The model delivers high accuracy, with root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and dynamic time warping (DTW) consistently below 3%, 1.5%, and 2.0%, respectively. Qualitative analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) demonstrates the model’s ability to preserve both feature distributions and temporal dynamics of the original data. This data augmentation framework offers significant potential for advancing EV technology, digital energy management of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and autonomous vehicle comfort system development.
High-Accuracy Clock Synchronization in Low-Power Wireless sEMG Sensors
Authors: Biagetti Giorgio , Sulis Michele , Falaschetti Laura , Crippa Paolo
Published: January 2025

Wireless surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors are very practical in that they can be worn freely, but the radio link between them and the receiver might cause unpredictable latencies that hinder the accurate synchronization of time between multiple sensors, which is an important aspect to study, e.g., the correlation between signals sampled at different sites. Moreover, to minimize power consumption, it can be useful to design a sensor with multiple clock domains so that each subsystem only runs at the minimum frequency for correct operation, thus saving energy. This paper presents the design, implementation, and test results of an sEMG sensor that uses Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication and operates in three different clock domains to save power. In particular, this work focuses on the synchronization problem that arises from these design choices. It was solved through a detailed study of the timings experimentally observed over the BLE connection, and through the use of a dual-stage filtering mechanism to remove timestamp measurement noise. Time synchronization through three different clock domains (receiver, microcontroller, and ADC) was thus achieved, with a resulting total jitter of just 47 µs RMS for a 1.25 ms sampling period, while the dedicated ADC clock domain saved between 10% to 50% of power, depending on the selected data rate.
Experimental Study of Airworthiness Compliance Verification of High-Temperature Environment in Aircraft Cockpit
Authors: Shen Haiming , Ren Jiawei , Shen Hao , Chen Weijian , Hua Zhongchao
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of the Mechanical Systems Coordination Working Group’s (MSCWG) findings, based on FAR 25.831(g), to Chinese pilots through a human physiological experiment conducted in a high-temperature environment to investigate the effects of core temperature. Methods: A controlled experiment was carried out in a high-temperature environment simulation room involving a cohort of healthy males aged 18–50 years. Wireless physiological monitoring equipment and a neurobehavioral assessment system were utilized to track changes in physiological parameters and neurobehavioral responses at varying core temperatures and time intervals. Results: There was a significant increase in human core body temperature, skin temperature, and heart rate as the ambient temperature rose, all remaining within acceptable physiological limits. Although arterial and venous oxygen saturation decreased with increasing ambient temperature, the difference was not statistically significant. The neurobehavioral abilities of the subjects did not exhibit notable changes across different core temperature–time conditions. Conclusions: The core temperature limits set forth by the MSCWG have been shown to have a safe impact on the physiological and behavioral aspects of Chinese pilots, which can be used as an equivalent safety regulation for airworthiness compliance validation under CCAR 25.831(g). Limitation: The present study was constrained to a male sample, it did not thoroughly explore female responses, and it had a small sample size (10 per group). The latter two factors may have affected the statistical validity and generalizability of the results.
Multi-Objective Power Supply Restoration in Distribution Networks Based on Graph Calculation and Information Collected by Multi-Source Sensors
Authors: Dang Jian , Zhang Shaopeng , Wang Yile , Yan Yunjiang , Jia Rong , Liu Guangyi
Published: January 2025

With the increasing complexity of the distribution network structure, enhancing the efficiency and reliability during fault restoration has become a focal point. Based on the multi-source information collected by traditional sensors, such as CT and PT, and intelligent sensors, such as D-PMU, and the graph calculation model, the fault recovery problem of a multi-objective distribution network is studied. Firstly, a power flow calculation model and operation constraint adaptable to topology changes are proposed under the graph calculation framework. The minimum spanning tree theory is utilized to define the blackout range and recovery path set. Secondly, the intelligent sensor D-PMU is configured to collect fault information to ensure that at least one of any two connected load vertices is configured with D-PMU. Thirdly, a topological evolution model is established that considers repeated primary and secondary transfer in outage areas while exploring possible recovery strategies deeply. Finally, a distribution network in Shaanxi Province is taken as an example to verify the model. The experiment shows that the strategy in this paper dynamically adjusts the recovery strategy through four means—one transfer, one repeat transfer in the outage area, two transfers, and cutting off part of the outage load—and the overall recovery rate is increased by more than 20%.
A Novel YOLOv10-Based Algorithm for Accurate Steel Surface Defect Detection
Authors: Liao Liefa , Song Chao , Wu Shouluan , Fu Jianglong
Published: January 2025

To address challenges like manual processes, complicated detection methods, high false alarm rates, and frequent errors in identifying defects on steel surfaces, this research presents an innovative detection system, YOLOv10n-SFDC. The study focuses on the complex dependencies between parameters used for defect detection, particularly the interplay between feature extraction, fusion, and bounding box regression, which often leads to inefficiencies in traditional methods. YOLOv10n-SFDC incorporates advanced elements such as the DualConv module, SlimFusionCSP module, and Shape-IoU loss function, improving feature extraction, fusion, and bounding box regression to enhance accuracy. Testing on the NEU-DET dataset shows that YOLOv10n-SFDC achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 85.5% at an Intersection over Union (IoU) threshold of 0.5, a 6.3 percentage point improvement over the baseline YOLOv10. The system uses only 2.67 million parameters, demonstrating efficiency. It excels in identifying complex defects like ’rolled in scale’ and ’inclusion’. Compared to SSD and Fast R-CNN, YOLOv10n-SFDC outperforms these models in accuracy while maintaining a lightweight architecture. This system excels in automated inspection for industrial environments, offering rapid, precise defect detection. YOLOv10n-SFDC emerges as a reliable solution for the continuous monitoring and quality assurance of steel surfaces, improving the reliability and efficiency of steel manufacturing processes.
Smart Force Sensing in Robot Surgery Utilising the Back Electromotive Force
Authors: Chabot Storm , Schouten Koen , Van Straten Bart , Pomati Stefano , Hunt Andres , Dankelman Jenny , Horeman Tim
Published: January 2025

Since the introduction of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery, efforts have been made to incorporate force sensing technologies to monitor critical components and to provide force feedback. The advanced laparoscopic robotic system (AdLap RS) is a robotic platform that aims to make robot technology more sustainable through the use of the fully reusable shaft-actuated tip-articulating (SATA) instruments. The SATA instrument driver features electronics and sensors exposed to the sterile environment, which complicate the sterilisation process. The aim of this study was to develop and validate smart sensing in stepper motors using the back electromotive force in a newly developed Smart SATA Driver (SSD), eliminating the need for sensors in the sterile environment. Methods: The stepper drivers were equipped with TMC2209 ICs featuring StallGuard technology to measure back EMF. The tip was actuated up until a set StallGuard threshold value was reached, at which the resulting tip force was measured. This cycle was repeated ten times for a range of threshold levels. A regression analysis with a power series model was used to determine the quality of the fit. Results: The SSD is capable of exerting tip forces between 2.4 and 8.2 N. The back EMF force test demonstrated a strong correlation between obtained StallGuard values and measured tip forces. The regression analysis showed an R-squared of 0.95 and a root Mean squared error of 0.4 N. Discussion: The back EMF force test shows promise for force feedback, but its accuracy limits real-time use due to back EMF fluctuations. Future improvements in motor stability and refining the back EMF model are needed to enable real-time feedback. Conclusion: The strong correlation during the back EMF force test shows its potential as a low-budget method for detecting motor stalls and estimating tool–tissue forces without the need for sensors in laparoscopic instruments.
Decoupling the Effects of Temperature, Strain, and Refractive Index in Long-Period Fiber Grating Used for Epoxy Resin Cure Monitoring
Authors: Ivanov Oleg V. , Bhavsar Kaushal , Gilbert James M.
Published: January 2025

Epoxy resins are widely used in the manufacture of composite materials for a wide range of applications. Control of the curing process is an important consideration in ensuring product quality and minimizing production times. The curing of epoxy resin is associated with temperature, strain, and refractive index changes but it is difficult to monitor these quantities individually and hence difficult to achieve accurate control of the curing process. One promising approach for monitoring these quantities is the use of long-period fiber gratings (LPFG). We analyze the spectral response of a LPFG in epoxy resins to temperature, strain, and refractive index. Wavelength shifts and dip amplitudes of cladding mode notches are monitored and are used to decouple temperature, strain, and refractive index for gratings in air, liquid, and hardened resins. The three measurands are found from wavelength shifts and dip amplitudes, employing multiplication by a weighted pseudo-inverse matrix assuming linear dependences between the spectral and external parameters. We propose a new model to describe the influence of fiber parameters and external refractive index, temperature, and strain on the spectral behavior of long-period fiber gratings in epoxy resins during hardening. The results obtained can be utilized for multiparameter cure process monitoring of epoxy resins by using long-period fiber gratings.
They’re Only Human! Tension and Stress Predict Performance of Softball Umpires in National Championships
Authors: Houison Ronald J. , Lamont-Mills Andrea , Kotiw Michael , Terry Peter C.
Published: January 2025

The psychology of sports officials is often overlooked in psychology research. The present study addressed this disparity by exploring relationships among the mood, stress, and performance of Australian softball umpires. Six male and two female participants aged 25–68 years (M = 48.95 ± 17.39 years) each completed the Brunel Mood Scale before games and provided saliva samples on multiple occasions prior to and after officiating games at two Australian National Softball Championships. Data from 65 games were analysed with performance assessed using Softball Australia’s umpire assessment tool. A significant positive relationship (p < 0.01) was found between tension scores and umpire performance. Using a stepwise regression analysis, tension scores and baseline cortisol level collectively explained 22.6% of the variance in umpire performance scores. These findings suggest that umpires require an optimal level of tension in the period leading up to competition to perform successfully, supporting the relationship between tension and performance first proposed by the inverted-U hypothesis.
Characterization of the Municipal Plastic and Multilayer Packaging Waste in Three Cities of the Baltic States
Authors: Lyshtva Pavlo , Torkelis Artūras , Kobets Yaroslav , Carpio-Vallejo Estefania , Dobri Andrea , Barbir Jelena , Voronova Viktoria , Denafas Gintaras , Kliucininkas Linas
Published: January 2025

The composition of plastic and multilayer packaging waste was assessed in the mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) streams of the Kaunas (Lithuania), Daugavpils (Latvia) and Tallinn (Estonia) municipalities. For the analysis of samples in the mixed MSW streams, the authors used manual sorting and a visual recognition method. Composition analysis of plastic and multilayer packaging waste from separately collected waste of multi-family and single-family households was performed in the Kaunas and Tallinn municipalities. For the analysis of samples in the separately collected waste streams, the research group combined manual sorting and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy methods. The findings reveal that the percentage distribution of plastic and multilayer packaging waste within the municipal solid waste (MSW) stream is relatively consistent across the municipalities of Kaunas, Daugavpils and Tallinn, comprising 40.16%, 36.83% and 35.09%, respectively. However, a notable variation emerges when examining separately collected plastic and multilayer packaging waste streams. In this category, the proportion of plastic and multilayer packaging within the total separately collected packaging waste stream ranges from 62.05% to 74.7% for multi-family residential buildings and from 44.66% to 56.89% for single-family residential buildings. The authors provided further insights for the enhanced recycling potential of different plastic materials through improved sorting.
Unraveling the Impact of Diverse Vegetative Covers on Soil Carbon Fractions
Authors: Razzaghi Somayyeh
Published: January 2025

Evaluating SOC lability is crucial for sustainable agriculture policies and environmental quality. This study assessed the impact of well-stocked forest cover on SOC pools and lability compared to shrubby soil. Geo-referenced soils under Red pine (Pinus brutia), Black pine (Pinus nigra), Cedar (Cedrus libani), Fir (Abies cilicia), Juniper (Juniperus excelsa), Oak (Quercus L.), Carob (Ceratonia siliqua), and degraded shrubs were collected from a depth of 0 to 30 cm in the Seyhan River Basin, Mediterranean Turkey. The analysis of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil AC (active carbon), and PC (passive carbon) were analyzed to understand soil carbon management across diverse vegetation types. Juniper forests have the highest SOC (27.98 g/kg) and PC (27.35 g/kg), followed by Cedar (SOC: 27.64 g/kg, PC: 27.05 g/kg) and Fir (SOC: 26.44 g/kg, PC: 25.85 g/kg). Shrubby areas have the lowest SOC (4.06 g/kg) and PC (3.61 g/kg). The Oak soil had the highest CLI (1.16), suggesting a relatively higher proportion of labile carbon than other forests. CPI indicates forests have a greater carbon storage capacity (1.09) compared to shrublands (0.18), with forests also having a higher CMI (0.83). The findings emphasize the critical role of forests, especially Juniper forests, in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation within the Seyhan River Basin in Turkey.
Effects of AI Virtual Anchors on Brand Image and Loyalty: Insights from Perceived Value Theory and SEM-ANN Analysis
Authors: Zhu Yu-Peng , Xin Lina , Wang Huimin , Park Han-Woo
Published: January 2025

AI virtual anchors are an emerging innovation that are gaining significant attention, as they hold promising applications across various fields. This study examines how users perceive live product selling by AI virtual anchors and its impact on brand image and brand loyalty. A two-stage PLS-SEM and ANN approach was employed to analyze data from a sample of 336 individuals in China who had experienced and utilized AI virtual anchors for purchases during branded live streaming sessions. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and novelty positively impact brand image, with artificial neural network (ANN) analysis identifying brand image as the primary predictor. Furthermore, brand image acts as a mediator between these user perceptions and brand loyalty. These insights offer brand managers a strategic approach to utilize AI virtual anchors for fostering a positive brand image and building loyal customer bases. The study also contributes to the academic understanding of consumer behavior and brand management in the context of AI.
Central Nervous System Infection by Free-Living Nematode Cephalobus cubaensis in a Human Host in Africa
Authors: Sriruttan-Nel Charlotte , Cairns Chelline , Boughan Shareen , Moodley Bhavani , Sun Lisa Ming , Chan Wai Yin , Ismail Arshad , Mwazha Absalom , Bennimahadeo Praniel , Manickchund Nithendra , Moyo Mthabisi , Nkwanyana Thabani , Msimang Mpumelelo Z. , Essa Ahmed , Frean John , Moosa Mahomed-Yunus
Published: January 2025

Background: Human central nervous system infections due to free-living nematodes, although extremely rare, are usually fatal. Immunodeficiency has not been a feature of most of these cases, unlike the situation pertaining to disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Case report: An elderly immunocompetent man presented with a history of tinnitus and otalgia, progressing to central nervous system involvement with confusion, weakness, and other neurological signs. Examination revealed a unilateral external auditory canal soft tissue mass and radiological evidence of ipsilateral temporal bone destruction and brain parenchymal disease. A biopsy of the ear canal mass revealed the presence of an unidentified nematode species, and treatment with anthelminthics was started. The patient’s clinical condition deteriorated and he died shortly after admission to the intensive care unit. The immediate cause of death was bronchopneumonia. During the autopsy, an extensive involvement of the right middle cranial fossa was found, with destruction of the squamous and petrous parts of the temporal bone. Results: We identified adult, larval, and egg stages of a free-living nematode in the antemortem external auditory canal tissue mass and the post-mortem brain samples. Polymerase chain reaction assays, with Sanger and whole-genome sequencing, identified Cephalobus cubaensis. This is a free-living species not previously known to be pathogenic to humans, although nematodes of the same genus have caused mastitis in horses. Conclusions: Microscopic appearance and the invasive behaviour of the pathogen evoked a putative diagnosis of Halicephalobus gingivalis, the most frequently reported free-living nematode infecting humans. However, this nematode’s size and anatomical features, and the clinical presentation and duration of illness, prompted the consideration of an alternative species. We speculate that an initial bacterial otitis externa provided the opportunity for colonization by the nematode from an environmental source and subsequent invasion.
Vaccination Coverages Among Splenectomized Patients: A Retrospective Study from an Italian Southern Province
Authors: Di Martino Giuseppe , Mazzocca Riccardo , Masci Tania , Berghella Lisa , Del Papa Jacopo , D’Aloisio Francesco , Messinese Mario , Cedrone Fabrizio , Marani Toro Patrizia , Soldato Graziella
Published: January 2025

Background: Splenectomized patients have a higher risk compared to the general population of developing post-splenectomy infection, particularly by capsulated bacteria. Splenectomized patients need to be vaccinated against pneumococcal diseases, meningococcal disease, and heamophilus influenzae (Hib) in order to avoid invasive bacterial diseases. This study evaluated vaccination coverages among splenectomized patients in a Southern Italian province. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted evaluating all splenectomized patients from the Pescara province from 2015 to 2023. Vaccination coverages were calculated before and after splenectomy for the following vaccines: pneumococcal disease, meningococcal disease, Hib, and COVID-19. Results: A total of 97 patients were considered during the study period. Vaccination coverages were low before surgery, but they increased after splenectomy. Higher coverages were found against pneumococcal diseases (77.3%), meninigococcal disease (58.8%), and COVID-19 (91.8%). Conclusions: Vaccination coverages among splenectomized patients in the Pescara province are not satisfying. It is imperative to implement educational measures for patients and physicians to increase vaccination coverages.
Youth Social Action Interventions in Young People Aged Between 8 and 16 Years: A Narrative Review
Authors: Shearer Cara , Curran Kathryn M. , Carroll Paula , Foweather Lawrence
Published: January 2025

In recent years, youth social action has emerged as a novel concept which strives to empower young people, creating an engaged and socially aware youth population. The aim of this narrative review was to summarise, explain, and interpret international research evidence to understand the effectiveness of youth social action interventions implemented with young people between the ages of 8 and 16 years. This study followed the General Framework of Narrative Reviews. Peer-reviewed studies published in the English language that explicitly addressed ‘youth social action’ or ‘social action’ within the title or abstract were identified by means of electronic searches on EBSCOhost (Education Research Complete, MEDLINE and Child Development and Adolescent Studies databases). Search terms included “Social Action” OR “Youth Social Action” AND population (Child* OR Youth OR Adolesc* OR “School Child” OR Juvenile OR Teenag*) AND study design (intervention OR project OR evaluation OR initiative OR program*). Sixteen studies were included after full-text screening, detailing eight individual youth social action interventions. The findings revealed a range of psychosocial, health, and personal development benefits for youth who participated in social action interventions. However, the evidence base was limited by poor methodological reporting and a lack of process evaluations to confirm implementation fidelity. Future research should utilitise stronger research designs, assess both individual and community outcomes, and include follow-up measures to determine the long-term impacts of youth social action projects.
Comparative assessment of the quality of boiled sausages
Authors:   Department of Commodity Science and Customs Expert Examination, Russian Customs Academy, Krishtafovich V.I. , Krishtafovich D.V. ,   Department of Commodity Science and Customs Expert Examination, Russian Customs Academy
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of the quality of the well-known traditional boiled sausage “Doktorskaya”, produced in Russia and developed according to the interstate
standard of 2019, and boiled sausage “Doktorskaya with butter”, produced in the Republic of Belarus
and developed according to the Belarusian Technical Specifi cations. Inconsistencies in the indication
of nutritional value data were identified in both tested samples. When making calculations, manufacturers do not use actual data on the content of proteins and fats, but the requirements for quality indicators or theoretical data.
Unconventional Chekhov
Authors:   Sector of Interdisciplinary Problems of Scientific and Technological Development, Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rozin V. M.
Published: January 2025

I read a very interesting book by Donald Rayfi eld, “Anton Chekhov: A Life”. And the image
of Chekhov as a subtle, intelligent man wearing pince-nez, a brilliant master of short
stories and tales, one of the theater reformers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries
literally collapsed for me. More precisely, the assessment and signifi cance of Chekhov’s
works have fully stood the test, but only scraps of the image of Anton Pavlovich as a
person and an individual remain. Then I thought, what kind of image was this, where did
I get it from? Frankly speaking, I must admit that this image is in some sense not mine; I did not set myself a conscious task to understand Chekhov’s personality and critically
comprehend his numerous letters (more than 5,000) and comments on his life by other
researchers. I suppose, this image, like for most other readers, was formed in me under
the infl uence of ideological versions of the life of the great writer at school literature
lessons, radio and television programs, and fi nally, reading the works by Chekhov (after
all, when you read, you involuntarily create, almost out of thin air, a certain image of the
author). It turned out that this generalized, conventional, and far-fetched image has
nothing to do with the information about Chekhov’s life that I found in Rayfi eld’s book.
This made it obvious that the author’s works and the author’s image are completely
diff erent things.
Propaganda as a social practice in the UK during the Crimean War
Authors:   Russian Socio-Political Center — Ros Politika, Moscow, Koshmarov Mikhail Yuryevich
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the evolution of information practices in British society
during the Crimean War from the point of view of propaganda. The object of the study is
the British society. The subject of the study is the change in information practices in connection
with the development of scientific and technological progress and military operations.
The aim of the study is to identify aspects of the impact of military propaganda
on society in the UK at that time and further transform propaganda into social practice.
The processing and analysis of factual material is carried out by descriptive, historical,
comparative and analytical methods using data from open sources, as well as abstracts
and quotations from scientific literature. A stable stereotype of Russia formed during the
Crimean War has been revealed, which eventually became part of British heroic mythology,
and has multiplied over the past 170 years due to the inclusion of this narrative in
the educational program. Conclusions are drawn about the need to take into account
the British template vision of Russia and Crimea in the analysis and forecasting. When
analyzing and forecasting, take into account the prevailing stereotype common in British
society: the archetypal image of Russia as an existential enemy of Britain, both for British
elites and for the whole society. The second thing that is extremely important to take
into account: for the British, Crimea is a land watered with British blood, despite the fact
that the goals of the Crimean War to «wrest Crimea from Russia» were not achieved then.
It is for these reasons that the British are supporters and lobbyists of the most radical
anti-Russian and anti-Russian policies and practices of the last 10 years.
Delirium em idosos com fratura de quadril: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Moraes Lucas Paes Barreto , Dos Santos Nascimento Hozana Amanda , Rodrigues Viana Leonardo , Vidigal Soeiro Ana Cristina
Published: January 2025

Introdução. O delirium é um transtorno neurocognitivo caracterizado por alterações da atenção ou consciência, o qual é frequentemente observado em pessoas idosas que sofreram fratura no quadril. Objetivo. Descrever as intervenções médicas voltadas ao diagnóstico e manejo clínico do delirium em pessoas idosas que apresentam fratura de quadril. Método. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada nos indexadores LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus e PubMed, utilizando os termos “Delirium”, “Elderly” e “Hip Fractures”, incluindo estudos publicados entre 2019 e 2024, em português e inglês. Resultados.   Foram selecionados 43 artigos, nos quais a incidência média de delirium foi de 24,89%, estando associado principalmente à idade, hipoalbuminemia, histórico de delirium e transfusão sanguínea. Foi identificado também um maior risco de mortalidade e reinternação hospitalar, sendo a maior eficácia de tratamento associada à abordagem multidisciplinar e à utilização de intervenções farmacológicas e não-farmacológicas. Embora os fatores etiológicos e métodos diagnósticos do delirium sejam amplamente difundidos, há altas taxas de subdiagnóstico nas UTI, devido a um rastreio prejudicado, indicando lacunas no conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão. É essencial a consolidação da abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica para o manejo do delirium, sendo necessárias novas pesquisas para a discussão e aprofundamento dessa temática, haja vista que muitas pessoas idosas internadas em UTI apresentam esse transtorno.
The Case against La Maddukelleng: Bugis Diplomacy in the 18th Century
Authors: Hadrawi Muhlis , Macknight Campbell , Wellen Kathryn
Published: January 2025

This article presents an eighteenth-century Bugis text from South Sulawesi in Indonesia. It concerns the career of La Maddukelleng (c.1700-1765). Also known as Arung Singkang and Arung Peneki, he played a key role in the complex politics and wars of the period. After establishing his military credentials in Kalimantan, he returned to Sulawesi in the early 1730s and imposed himself as ruler of the Bugis state of Wajo from where in 1739 he led an almost successful campaign to expel the Dutch East India Company from its base in Makassar. Despite this defeat, he retained his position in Wajo until 1754 and, even after stepping down, continued to cause unrest. In 1763, representatives of the three main Bugis states, Bone, Wajo and Soppeng, met to discuss what might be done. The document presented here in Bugis transcription and English translation reports on each of the seven meetings. There was no practical outcome. The discussions reflect, however, the history of the previous thirty years, as well as illustrating the texture of eighteenth-century Bugis politics. The use of written documents as evidence in discussion is particularly noteworthy.
Répartition en Corse de Brassica procumbens (Poir.) O.E. Schulz (Brassicaceae), espèce exotique en expansion
Authors: Paradis Guilhan , Piazza Carole
Published: January 2025

L’article la la Brassica procumbens (Brassicaceae), espèce originaire d’Afrique du Nord, dont la floraison s’étend de la mi-automne à la mi-printemps. La plante comprend de très nombreux peuplements, principalement en bord de routes, surtout linéaires, localisés à l’est et au nord-est d’Ajaccio (Figures 5 et 6) et dans le sud-est de la Corse, à Porto-Vecchio et ses environs (Figures 7 à 12). Ces peuplements sont présents dans 58 mailles kilométriques. Bien qu’en assez rapide expansion, l’espèce ne semble pas gêner les plantes autochtones et donc n’a pas à subir des mesures de réduction de ses peuplements.
Préface – Des agricultures périurbaines en question
Authors: Burgel Guy
Published: January 2025

Guy Burgel justifie l’accueil d’un volume sur les agricultures périurbaines dans la collection Villes en parallèle par une révolution dans le statut d’identification du rural et de l’urbain. Rompant avec les équilibres établis depuis le néolithique, n’est-ce pas moins «la fin des paysans », comme le pensait le sociologue Henri Mendras, que la fin des campagnes ?
L’agriculture périurbaine face à l’étalement urbain à Sfax
Authors: Rebei Hédi
Published: January 2025

Autrefois surnommée la «ville des jardiniers », Sfax est aujourdhui lune des villes les plus étendues et les moins denses de Tunisie. Cet étalement, favorisé par une forte demande de logements individuels et labsence de régulation stricte, cible principalement les zones dagriculture périurbaine, comme Hajeb. Cette expansion urbaine, perçue à la fois comme une menace et une opportunité, conduit à labandon de lagriculture par les petits exploitants, tandis que les exploitations moyennes sadaptent en maintenant des productions hors-sol et en se redéployant spatialement.
L’imbrication périurbaine à Grenoble : convergences et défis
Authors: Tchékémian Antony
Published: January 2025

Depuis les années 1980, lurbanisation croissante a repoussé les villes vers les campagnes, fusionnant territoires ruraux et urbains, notamment dans lagglomération grenobloise. Bien que la population agricole ait diminué, une stratégie de préservation et de développement a permis à lagriculture périurbaine de sadapter, notamment par la diversification vers lagrotourisme. Cette urbanisation attire des citadins en quête de qualité de vie, mais génère aussi des conflits avec les ruraux en place. Lagriculture périurbaine devient ainsi un enjeu crucial pour concilier urbanisation, protection des paysages, et attentes des habitants.
Les marchés matinaux vivriers à Bouaké (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Oura Kouadio Raphaël , Yao Akissi Sandrine
Published: January 2025

Dans la ville de Bouaké existent des marchés qui naissent dès cinq heures du matin et disparaissent avant douze heures. Très fréquentés, ils répondent aux besoins alimentaires des citadins et permettent aussi aux campagnes proches de tirer parti de la force de consommation urbaine. L’étude a porté sur linterdépendance entre ces deux composantes (urbaine et rurale), par le canal de ces marchés.
Impacto das doenças periodontais nas condições respiratórias: evidências e implicações clínicas
Authors: Carvalho Daniel Coêlho de , Sousa Joana Albuquerque Bastos de , Corrêa Mirtes Maria Ferreira , Lima Caio de Góes Pezzino , Nascimento Neto Isidorio Alexandre do , Barros Vitor Vinícius Costa , Nascimento Alessandra Fialho , Sousa Francenilde Silva de
Published: January 2025

As doenças periodontais, marcadas por inflamação e destruição dos tecidos de suporte dos dentes, estão ligadas a várias condições sistêmicas, como doenças respiratórias. Doenças periodontais e respiratórias são amplamente prevalentes em populações mundiais. Considerando sua evidente importância clínica, objetiva-se revisar a literatura cujas metodologias ainda apresentam deficiências notáveis. Para tanto, este é um estudo descritivo do tipo revisão narrativa da literatura, em que foram feitas buscas bibliográficas em agosto de 2024, nos portais de eletrônicos: LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde). Foram incluídos estudos publicados de 2014 até 2024; em português e inglês; do tipo ensaio clínico controlado, estudo observacional, relato de caso, revisão sistemática, textos completos gratuitos, e que eram pertinentes ao objetivo da pesquisa. Desse modo, observa-se que há uma relação bidirecional entre asma e periodontite. A inflamação periodontal pode desempenhar um papel significativo no desenvolvimento de condições respiratórias em crianças. Os resultados também mostram a influência dos mediadores inflamatórios, como as lipoxinas, atuando como agentes potenciais na modulação das respostas inflamatórias tanto na periodontite quanto nas doenças respiratórias. Destacou-se também a importância da genética na compreensão das interações complexas entre estas condições. Conclui-se que, necessita-se de abordagens integradas na prevenção e tratamento, valorizando a saúde oral para a saúde respiratória. Profissionais e políticas de saúde devem priorizar ações que promovam essa integração. Futuras pesquisas devem explorar ensaios clínicos, estudos longitudinais e avanços genéticos para novas estratégias terapêuticas.
SENTRA KULINER SEBAGAI PENUNJANG KEBERLANJUTAN WISATA SUNGAI KALIMAS SURABAYA
Authors: Suryo Adinugroho  , Alexander Mario Retto Djong  , Kristian Faskahariyanto  , Truli Nugroho
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify the contribution of culinary centers to the sustainability of tourism in the area, which includes economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The research method used is a mixed-method approach with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, and surveys of visitors and culinary business actors around the Kalimas River. The results of the study indicate that the existence of culinary centers around the Kalimas River in Surabaya has a positive impact, such as increasing income for local business actors, creating jobs, and strengthening local cultural identity through the presentation of typical foods. However, this study also found challenges in waste management and maintaining environmental quality that must be overcome to support the sustainability of tourist destinations.
ORGANIZATIONAL COMPONENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Shkilniak Mykhailo , Zhovnirchik Yaroslav , Kryvokulska Nataliya
Published: January 2025

From the standpoint of the targeted approach, the author substantiates the theoretical provisions on the organizational component of the public service improvement, which complement the existing ones by taking into account the current peculiarities (the war in Ukraine and others). The aspects of activity that characterize public administration and require attention in the context of the need to improve the public service in the organizational direction are systematized. The basic definitions of scientific research are given: civil service, service in local self-government bodies, civil servant, employee of a local self-government body. The author examines the current peculiarities of organizing the activities of public organizations and their employees, in particular, with regard to: introduction of remote work; application of disciplinary sanctions; organization of labor relations; reform of the remuneration system and creation of conditions for attracting personnel; methodological and information support; establishment of military administrations; and appointment to positions in local self-government bodies. It is stated that the institute of public service is undergoing constant development in terms of legal, organizational, personnel, information and communication support, which in modern conditions allows for certain flexibility of public service and its adaptation to modern conditions and challenges. The author emphasizes the need for professionalization of the public service, in particular, the activities of village, town and city mayors and identification of their training needs under the educational and professional master's program in specialty 281 «Public Administration and Management» of the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Management», which is carried out by the Department of Management, Public Administration and Personnel of the Western Ukrainian National University. It is emphasized that for the further development of the organizational component of the improvement of public service, it is necessary to: develop the knowledge potential and expand the range of competencies possessed by the management of local self-government bodies; effective use of management and development of leadership resources of managers in the public service; further scientific and methodological substantiation of improving the organizational aspects of management activities.