bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Approaches of Generalised Fuzzy Soft sets on fuzzy Codes and Its Properties on Decision-Makings
Authors: Woldie Masresha Wassie , Mebrat Jejaw Demamu , Taye Mihret Alamneh
Published: December 2024

Background Several scholars defined the concepts of fuzzy soft set theory and their application on decision-making problem. Based on this concept, researchers defined the generalised fuzzy soft set and its applications. However, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the generalised fuzzy soft set has not been dealing with in the generalised fuzzy soft code set. In this paper, we introduce the notion of generalised fuzzy soft code set and its application. Methods The theory of fuzzy soft sets and its application, generalised fuzzy soft sets and fuzzy codes in different years were studied with various researchers. To derive a generalised fuzzy soft code set, we apply the concepts of generalised fuzzy soft set and a new view of fuzzy codes and its application. A new aspect of this paper is to introduce the definition of generalised fuzzy soft code sets and its application on medical diagnosis and decision-makings. Results Generalised fuzzy soft code is the most powerful and effective extension of fuzzy soft sets that deal with the choice’s parameterized values. It is an extended model of fuzzy soft sets and a new mathematical tool with significant advantages for handling uncertain information and is proposed by combining the concept of fuzzy soft sets and fuzzy code sets. This paper introduces the concept of generalised fuzzy soft code and its properties. Conclusions In this study, we combine generalised fuzzy soft set and a different approach to coding theory to introduce generalisation of fuzzy soft codes. The paper also considers the relation between generalised fuzzy soft code and its application. We discussed the matrix representation of generalised fuzzy soft code. Furthermore, a demonstration example illustrates how the strategy could be effectively applied to various problems.
Ostatni igumen Starego Wałaamu o. Chariton (Dunajew) – kontynuator modlitewnej tradycji dawnej Rusi w Finlandii
Authors: Góra Justyna
Published: December 2024

The article describes the figure of Father Chariton (Dunayev), who was the last igumen of the Valaam Monastery. Igumen Chariton was a continuator of the thought of Father Nazarity and the author of the collection On the Jesus Prayer, which is called Small Dobrotolubye. The elder Chariton draws attention in his work to the first stage of human transformation that is practice, with the main goal being to overcome passions and gain control over one’s thoughts and heart. He emphasises that the Jesus Prayer, which is the foundation of religious life, is an excellent tool in the fight against impure thoughts.
ASSESSING THE CONTRIBUTION OF CONTAINMENT MEASURES, VACCINATION COVERAGE AND MOBILITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DEATHS FROM COVID-19 IN BRAZIL
Authors: Couto Simões Paulo Henrique
Published: December 2024

This work proposes a method to rank the contribution of containment measures, vaccination coverage and mobility to contain the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in different states of Brazil. The proposed method applies the automatic learning of regression models using decision trees through the XGBoost algorithm. To interpret it globally, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was used, which is an algorithm based on Shapley's cooperative game theory to quantify the contribution of the analyzed characteristics to the evolution of the target variable (deaths). The evaluation results of the method indicated its efficiency to quantify the contribution of each variable in a robust way. It reveals that the percentages of vaccine coverage of the first and second dose, in addition to the closure of schools, were the measures that had the greatest contribution to the evolution of the number of deaths from COVID-19. The weighting of the variables can help the responsible actors in the elaboration of public policies to minimize the socioeconomic effects in their regions. Since, in countries with great social inequality, the use of only a few more efficient measures would be less harmful than a lockdown, as it would be extremely harmful to the quality of life of these poorer populations.
Prevalência dos sintomas dolorosos em mulheres com endometriose em uma capital o nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Oliveira Hillary Gabriela dos Santos , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Santos Joyce Barros dos , Tavares Núbia Vanessa da Silva , Farias Karol Fireman de , Machado Gessica Vanessa de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência dos sintomas dolorosos em mulheres com endometriose em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro. Método: estudo transversal e descritivo do tipo Survey, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 107 mulheres acompanhadas em dois centros especializados em endometriose. Após aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisa, a coleta dos dados aconteceu de janeiro a agosto de 2023, utilizando um formulário contendo dados sociodemográficos e o instrumento Endopain 4D. Os dados foram submetidos às análises estatísticas descritiva e com aplicação dos Testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. Resultados: a maioria das mulheres possui entre 40 e 44 anos, são casadas, pardas, com ensino superior e renda familiar de mais de um salários-mínimos. Observou-se uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre altos níveis de dor e sintomas relacionados a dismenorreia, dispareunia, disquesia e alterações intestinais. Conclusão: a dor em mulheres com endometriose associa-se a diversos aspectos da dismenorreia, da dispareunia e da disquesia.
Bem-estar espiritual, satisfação com a vida e sintomas psicopatológicos em mulheres grávidas: estudo transversal
Authors: Martiniano Eli Carlos , Silva Natácia Élem Felix , Quirino Glauberto da Silva
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: analisar a correlação do nível de bem-estar espiritual e satisfação com a vida com a presença de sintomas psicopatológicos em mulheres grávidas. Método:  estudo transversal desenvolvido com 307 mulheres grávidas de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre janeiro e outubro de 2019, com aplicação dos instrumentos Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure, Brief Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale e Inventário Breve de Sintomas. Os dados foram analisados utilizando estatística descritiva e inferencial, com teste de correlação de Pearson, respeitando nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: o bem-estar espiritual nas dimensões ideal (-0,501) e real (-0,496) apresentaram moderada correlação negativa diante da presença de sintomas psicopatológicos (p<0,01). Houve moderada correlação negativa (-0,664) entre a satisfação com a vida e presença de sintomas psicopatológicos (p<0,01). Conclusão: a presença de sintomas psicopatológicos em mulheres grávidas correlaciona-se à diminuição do bem-estar espiritual e satisfação com a vida.
Seamless communication
Authors: Farrell Rick
Published: December 2024

Rick Farrell emphasises the importance of excellent communication.
Snowballing issues
Authors: Kidd Sharon
Published: December 2024

Sharon Kidd discusses oral piercings and the importance of positive habit shaping.
Spiritual care in Portuguese palliative care settings: a cross-sectional study
Authors: dos Santos Rita Sampaio , Domingues Tiago , Capelas Manuel Luís , Caldeira Sílvia
Published: December 2024

Background:

Spirituality is a core dimension of palliative care. However, Portuguese palliative care teams do not have many spiritual care resources.

Methods:

Cross-sectional and observational survey studies were used to characterise spiritual care resources in Portuguese palliative care teams based on a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. An electronic questionnaire was used for data collection.

Results:

A total of 150 responses were obtained. In 68.7% of the teams, there was no specific professional dedicated to spiritual care, although 68% of the participants considered that a spiritual assessment or intervention was a part of their role; 47.3% considered that their colleagues were reasonably prepared to develop a spiritual assessment or follow-up; for a patient, and 54.7% were considered to be reasonably involved. However, 50.0% did not consider themseleves to be competent at providing spiritual care. Most referred to not using any specific assessment tool or document (67.3%); 49.3% dedicated less than 10% of their time to specific education or training about spirituality.

Conclusion:

This study involved different professionals from multidisciplinary teams. Most recognised the importance of attending to the patient's spirituality and spiritual care. Results suggest that there is a need for specific training, resources and techniques to meet a patient's spiritual care needs at the end of life. This need may be similar in all teams, not just palliative care teams, to facilitate comparing indicators and promote the implementation of holistic care in palliative care.
Research Roundup
Authors: Green Laura
Published: December 2024

Synopses of a selection of recently published research articles of relevance to palliative care
Changes in the Utilization of Korean Medicine Clinical Services on Clinic Level Before and After COVID-19
Authors: Yoon Hae-chang
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) impacted the utilization of medical services in Republic of Korea, leading to decreased utilization due to social distancing and diverted healthcare priorities. Post-pandemic, anxiety about infection remained high, further affecting medical service utilization, however, there was no study between infection disease and the utilization of Korean Medicine clinical services. Therefore, this aimed to find the changes in the utilization of Korean Medicine clinical services on the level of clinics by reflecting the environmental factors of the COVID-19.Methods: This study examined data from 2016 to 2022, focusing on clinic-level statistics derived from census, national health insurance(NHI), and the data of medical care assistance. It described changes in the number of clinics and doctors, patient’s visits, and medical expense and compared pre- and post-COVID-19 especially.Results: In the utilization of Korean Medicine clinical services before and after COVID-19, the number of Korean Medicine clinics and doctors per 10,000 people nationwide increased, but in Gwangju, Jeonnam, and Chungnam, both decreased. The number of visits in Korean Medicine clinics for NHI and medical care assistance decreased, but that of visits in Western Medicine clinics recovered. The medical expense increased in both Western Medicine clinics and Korean Medicine clinics, and the rate of increase in Western Medicine clinics was higher than that of Korean Medicine clinics.Conclusion: These changes were the result of COVID-19 affecting medical services including Korean Medicine, and further research is needed on Korean Medicine clinical services due to external effects including infectious diseases.
Survey for faculty on the current status and improvement needs of the clinical clerkship curriculum in one school of Korean medicine
Authors: Park Kyung-Ho , Ma Sung-Uk , Lee Hye-Yoon , Hwang Eui-Hyoung
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the current state and demands on the clinical clerkship program based on the professors’ feedback.Methods: An online survey was conducted to faculty members participating in the clinical clerkship program in one school of Korean medicine. The survey was structured into three areas: “teaching and learning methods,” “current status of implementation,” “student assessments”, and “requirements for curriculum improvement”.Results: For the teaching and learning methods, “Observation of outpatient clinics” and “clinical skill clerkship,” were identified as the most common. Regarding the operational status, over 90% of respondents reported having designated responsible professors. The highest response to improving clinical skills was in the development of various clinical clerkship assessment methods. In the importance–performance analysis (IPA), the top priority area for improvement was identified as “clinical knowledge,” whereas “information-gathering skills” emerged as the most critical student competency.Conclusion: Considering the current trend of increasing clinical clerkship hours, there is a need to evaluate existing clinical clerkship methods based on faculty demands and develop improvement strategies using these foundational data.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Zizyphus jujuba Miller in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach
Authors: Lim Yebin , Oh Jin-Young , Noh Gyeong-Ran , Yu Jihyun , Kim Dong-Uk , Kweon Bitna , Bae Gi-Sang
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study employed a network pharmacology approach to explore the potential therapeutic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of Zizyphus jujuba Miller var. inermis Rehder (Jujube) in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis (CP).Methods: The bioactive compounds of Jujube and their target genes were identified from the HERB, OASIS databases. These putative target genes were then cross-referenced with CP-associated genes to identify potential correlations. A network was subsequently constructed using Cytoscape 3.10.2. To further investigate, functional enrichment analyses were conducted using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway databases. Additionally, binding affinities between active compounds and key genes were assessed by CB-DOCK2.Results: 55 active compounds and 344 associated target genes were identified from Jujube. Among these, 156 genes overlapped with the CP gene set. After screening, 9 key genes were identified from this subset, further emphasizing the significant relationship between the Jujube and CP. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the 'PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway' is a significant pathway mediated by 9 key genes in the context of CP. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis confirmed the strong binding affinities between the active compounds and key genes.Conclusions: Through the application of a network pharmacology approach, complemented by molecular docking studies, this research highlights a strong pharmacological relevance of Jujube in CP. These findings provide a valuable foundation for future investigations into the therapeutic potential of Jujube in mitigating CP, possibly through the modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Korean medicine treatments for adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders: a single-clinic retrospective chart review
Authors: Ahn Sanghoon , Choi Yujin , Choi Eun Byeol , Kim Sungha
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Inattention and hyperactivity identified during childhood often persist into adulthood in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Despite increasing number of studies on the efficacy of herbal medicine for ADHD in children, there are limited reports on its use for adult ADHD. This retrospective chart review aimed to investigate which herbs and formulas are utilized for treating adult ADHD in a real clinical setting.Methods: From November 2015 to July 2019, eight cases of adult ADHD were selected through a retrospective chart review in a Korean medical clinic. Adult ADHD was diagnosed according to the DSM 5 diagnostic criteria. Individualized herbal medicine formulas, including Acori graminei rhizoma, Polygalae radix, Angelicae gigantis radix, and Bupleuri radix, were prescribed to treat symptoms of adult ADHD.Results: After administration of herbal medicine, all patients showed improved scores on at least one part of the attention task. Of the four patients with elevated omission errors, three showed improvement, and one showed no change. Among the four patients with delayed response times, two improved to within the normal range. All five patients tested for working memory showed improvement in the number of forward correct responses and forward spans. Mild adverse events, such as loose stools and indigestion, were reported.Conclusions: Korean medicine treatment, including herbal medicine, acupuncture, and neurofeedback, may potentially be effective for decreasing omission errors and increasing working memory span in adult patients with ADHD. Controlled trials are needed to explore the efficacy and safety of these combined interventions for improving the symptoms of adult ADHD.
Development of an LLM-based CPX Practicing Chatbot for Korean Medicine Education: Implementation of Automated Scoring and Feedback Generation Framework
Authors: Kim Jundong , Lee Hye-Yoon , Kim Ji-Hwan , Kim Chang-Eop
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to develop an AI-based CPX (Clinical Performance Examination) practicing chatbot for Korean medicine education, implementing automated quantitative scoring and qualitative feedback systems to enhance individualized learning experiences.Methods: Building upon a previously developed CPX practicing chatbot, we integrated a quantitative scoring system and a qualitative text feedback system using Large Language Models (LLMs). Scoring prompts and feedback prompts were designed based on standardized CPX scenarios. We compared the performance of OpenAI's GPT-4 and Anthropic's Claude-3.5-Sonnet models in terms of scoring accuracy, feedback quality, consistency, latency, and fluency. Three sample chat histories representing varying levels of student performance were created for evaluation.Results: Claude-3.5-Sonnet demonstrated perfect accuracy in quantitative scoring across all samples and faster execution times (average 43.2 seconds) compared to GPT-4. In qualitative feedback generation, GPT-4 provided more specific and actionable feedback, while Claude-3.5-Sonnet produced more natural and supportive language. By combining the strengths of both models, we implemented an optimized system that first uses GPT-4 for detailed feedback generation and then refines the language with Claude-3.5-Sonnet, resulting in accurate scoring and high-quality feedback.Conclusions: The study successfully developed an LLM-based CPX practicing chatbot that offers automated scoring and individualized feedback for Korean medicine education. The optimized system enhances the learning experience by providing accurate assessments and specific, supportive feedback, addressing limitations in current CPX education practices and resource constraints.
Korean Medicine and Psychotherapy for Acute Stress Disorder Following Traffic Accident: A Case Report
Authors: Kim BackJun , Ha Won-Jeong , San Son , Kim Hyo Jeong , Kim Hwan
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To report the effectiveness of Korean medicine-based psychotherapy, including Giungoroen-therapy and IiGyeungByunQi-therapy, combined with traditional Korean medicine treatments for acute stress disorder(ASD) patients induced by a traffic accident.Methods: A patient with ASD, including panic-like symptoms, was treated with an integrated approach combining Korean medicine and Korean medicine-based psychotherapy. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using standardized assessment tools(GAD-7, EQ-5D-5L, NRS, PGIC, ODI, and NDI) throughout the three-month treatment period.Results: The patient showed significant improvement in psychological symptoms. GAD-7 scores peaked at 18, decreased to 6 by the 24th day, and stabilized at 2 after two months. The EQ-5D-5L anxiety/depression domain showed complete resolution by the second month. Physical symptoms measured by NRS, ODI, and NDI demonstrated continuous improvement.Conclusions: This case suggests that Korean Medicine and Korean medicine-based psychotherapy may effectively manage ASD and prevent PTSD progression. Further research with larger cohorts is needed.
December 2024 Medical Image of the Month: An Endobronchial Tumor
Authors:   Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ USA, Jokerst Clinton , Stib Matthew , Rojas Carlos , Gotway Michael
Published: December 2024

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. A 61-year-old woman was for wheezing. She reported that the symptoms were sudden in onset and persisted for 2 months without improvement. There was no infectious prodrome, no history of an aspiration event, and the symptoms had no exacerbating or relieving factors. The patient reported a past medical history of reflux (controlled on omeprazole), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and migraine headaches. Her past surgical history includes remote histories of breast augmentation, hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy, cholecystectomy, and urethral sling. The patient was a never-smoker with no history of illicit drug use, travel, or exposures. Family history was non-contributory. The patient medications included Crestor, Thiazide, Imitrex, Losartan, and Omeprazole. No known drug allergies.
Her vital signs were normal. Physical exam demonstrated an inspiratory wheeze which was diffuse and best appreciated anteriorly. A PA and Lateral chest x-ray was done at the time of initial referral (Figure 1). A CT scan was subsequently obtained (Figure …
The impact of risk-based tax audit on tax revenue generation in Ethiopia: a difference-in-differences approach
Authors: Guyalo Amanuel Kussia , Eshite Aytenew Endalie
Published: December 2024

Tax is the principal and most dependable foundation of government revenue used to fund public projects and provide services. Therefore, in order to raise tax revenue, policymakers are expected to develop and put into effect strategies that effectively govern tax revenue and expand the tax base. The central aim of this study is to estimate the actual impact of a risk-based tax audit program on tax revenue. To achieve this aim, we use panel data (spanning from 2010 to the 2018 year). The data were obtained from the Ministry of Revenue’s SIGTAS database on self-declared business profit tax for both audited and non-audited taxpayers. The study employs the difference-in-differences method to estimate the impact of a risk-based tax audit on self-declared tax revenue and address the dynamic nature of the variables under investigation. The findings hold up well to a range of difference-in-differences estimation strategies. The study finds that a risk-based tax audit has an adverse impact on tax revenue. More precisely, the findings indicate that a risk-based tax audit program reduced tax income by 1,545,706 birr on average, suggesting that audited taxpayers’ tax revenue is lower relative to if they had not been audited. It is concluded that a risk-based tax audit program does not achieve its aim of increasing tax revenue. Therefore, the Ethiopian Ministry of Revenue needs to establish a collaborative and trust-based relationship, adopt a proactive strategy for detecting tax evasion, and alleviate the practices that create a tax burden on taxpayers.
Fast source mask optimization adopting mask prediction and feedback method with similarity penalty
Authors: Huang Weichen , Li Yanqiu , Yuan Miao , Li Zhaoxuan , Yang He , Li Zhen
Published: December 2024

Source mask optimization (SMO) based on gradient descent is a widely utilized technique in computational lithography. However, it is crucial to enhance the optimization efficiency of SMO, especially at advanced nodes. A mask predictive feedback with similarity penalty term SMO method is developed in this paper. This method incorporates a similarity penalty term into the loss function. It also employs a mask prediction feedback (MPF) method to more effectively utilize the mask and its gradient information during the iterative process. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can reduce running time by at least 30% compared to using the Adam optimizer while ensuring target optimization conditions. Additionally, ablation experiments reveal that the proposed method improves algorithm efficiency more effectively than using the MPF method or similarity penalty term individually.
Third-Order Nonlinearity in AuNP-GeSe Heterostructure
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Adarsh K.V.
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate ultrafast third-order nonlinear behavior in gold nanoparticle (AuNP)/amorphous GeSe heterostructure. Enhanced nonlinearity is attributed to the charge transfer and verified through Raman spectroscopy and transient absorption, paving the way for saturable absorber applications.
Aberration analysis using the CMA-ES Algorithm
Authors: Yang Hyukjin , Yeo Minsu , Kim Byungho , Kim Hansol , Jeong Yoonchan
Published: December 2024

We investigate the CMA-ES algorithm as a novel derivative-free optimization tool for aberration analysis, which shows excellent performance with an RMS error of 0.07% even under the 10-dB SNR condition.
Quantum Wrapper Networking: Investigating the Noise Impact of Classical Headers on the Quantum Payload
Authors: Gül Gamze , On Mehmet Berkay , Tan Shannon G. , Proietti Roberto , Kanter Gregory S. , Ben Yoo S. J. , Kumar Prem
Published: December 2024

We study the impact in time and frequency domains of classical headers on quantum payloads in quantum wrapper networking. We identify and characterize in-fiber scattering processes that produce noise photons degrading the quantum payloads.
Multifunctional Imaging for Monitoring Vaginal Health with Fractional Pixel CO2 Treatment
Authors: He Wenqi , Qiu Saijun , Lorente Karla , Arthur Afiba , Jiang Yuchen , Tadir Yona , Lane Felicia , Chen Zhongping
Published: December 2024

Monitoring the vaginal health changes is crucial in evaluating the treatment effectiveness for patients with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Here we developed a multifunctional OCT/OCTA/OCE system to offer comprehensive analysis of vaginal tissue.
Using Open-Path Dual-Comb Spectroscopy to Monitor Methane Mitigation by Altering Cattle Diet
Authors: Weerasekara Chinthaka , Malarich Nathan , Cossel Kevin C. , Welch Stephen M. , DePaola Brett D. , Blaga Cosmin , Coddington Ian , Farney Jaymelynn , Sexton-Bowser Sarah , Drouillard James S. , Santos Eduardo A. , Washburn Brian R.
Published: December 2024

A sorghum diet may reduce cattle methane emission with an unknown change in ammonia production. We use combs to monitor methane and ammonia emissions over many months from two cattle groups with different diets.
Fourier ptychographic microscopy and its applications in whole slide imaging system via feature-domain computational framework
Authors: Pan An , Zhang Shuhe , Wang Aiye
Published: December 2024

A feature-domain framework is reported for Fourier ptychographic microscopy, termed FD-FPM, to realize full-FOV reconstruction and reduce the accuracy requirement, achieving data acquisition of 4s/slide at 336nm spatial resolution with the FOV of 4.7mm diameter.
Diffraction minima resolve point scatterers at tiny fractions (1/80) of the wavelength
Authors: Hensel Thomas Arne , Wirth Jan Otto , Hell Stefan Wolfgang
Published: December 2024

Diffraction usually limits the discernment of close point scatterers. We show that a diffraction minimum instead of a maximum allows to resolve multiple indistinguishable point scatterers at tiny fractions (1/80) of the employed wavelength.
Heterogeneous integration of single-frequency lasers at 980 nm
Authors: Nader Nima , Stanton Eric J. , Brodnik Grant M. , Jahan Nusrat , Weight Skyler C. , Dorche Ali Eshaghian , Williams Lindell M. , Silverman Kevin L. , Nam Sae Woo , Papp Scott B. , Mirin Richard P.
Published: December 2024

We present distributed feedback (DFB) diode lasers heterogeneously integrated with tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5/tantala) waveguides. DFB gratings etched in tantala waveguides provide the necessary feedback for single mode lasing with 43 dB side mode suppression ratio.
Tapered Ring-Core Fiber with Flattened Negative Dispersion for Cylindrical Vector Modes
Authors: Geng Wenpu , Zeng Zhi , Liu Weiwei , Pan Zhongqi , Yue Yang
Published: December 2024

A tapered fiber with dual ring-cores is proposed to achieve broadband and flat negative dispersion for vortex modes. The dispersion curve of the HE21 mode features < ±1 ps/ (nm·km) variation from 1449 to 1671 nm.
Optical switch trees with rapid adiabatic coupler on a CMOS platform
Authors: Zhang Xinchang , Singh Manuj , Li Dingning , Onural Deniz , Dao Howard , Raja Shiva , Popović Miloš A.
Published: December 2024

We present a compact optical switch with rapid adiabatic coupling, achieving high extinction ratios over a 75 nm wavelength in a 1-by-2 unit. A 1-by-8 switch tree driven by three inputs is also demonstrated.
Higher Order Bessel Beams Integrated In Time (HOBBIT) using Engineered Light Frequencies (ELFs)
Authors: Miller J. Keith , Cramer Tyler , Reid Frankie , Robertson Evan , Wiley Jaxon , Johnson Eric G.
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a scheme exploiting a frequency diverse array of optical beamlets to realize diffraction-less beams with unprecedented changes in Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) at a rate of 20 ns per OAM.
Multi-Modal Extreme-Ultraviolet Reflectometer: Solving Inverse Problems in Nanoscale Metrology
Authors: Shao Yunzhe , Jenkins Nicholas W. , Klein Clay , Li Yunhao , Esashi Yuka , Tanksalvala Michael , Murnane Margaret M. , Kapteyn Henry C.
Published: December 2024

We present a unique instrument, designed to characterize the composition, geometry, topography, and interface quality of 2D heterostructures. We demonstrate three modes of characterizations, including reflectometry, scatterometry, and coherent diffractive imaging reflectometry.
Quantitative phase imaging of cancerous cell by inverted polarization digital holographic microscope
Authors: Rathor Mohit , Chaubey Shivam Kumar , Tamang Rupen , Koch Biplob , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: December 2024

We present a digital holographic microscope in the inverted geometry to extract the real-time quantitative polarization information of cancerous cells. Our technique is non-invasive and uses a single-shot intensity measurement for complete wavefront measurement.
Photocurrent Induced through Quantum Interference from MoS2 under Two-color Light Excitation
Authors: He Yuhang , Chen Yuxuan , La Xiangyu , Dai Chenyin , Tian Zhen , Dai Jianming
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate that quantum interference in the direct gap region induces the photocurrent in multilayer MoS2, and find that it is a more effective mechanism to induce THz radiation compared to optical rectification.
Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Indigenous Rice Germplasm from Costal Regions of Karnataka
Authors: Karnati Manikanth , Govindaraju Indira , Sudeeksha H C , Zhuo Guan-Yu , Mazumder Nirmal
Published: December 2024

Rice grains represent a significant source of carbohydrates and contain trace amounts of other essential nutritional components, including proteins and lipids. Raman spectroscopy is explored for the rapid analysis of intact rice kernels.
Anthocyanin-Incorporated Starch Bioplastic: Characterization Study
Authors: Shahapur Shreya , Pooja N , Kargupta Tilottoma , Mazumder Nirmal
Published: December 2024

This study examines biopolymer films with anthocyanin extracts and silver nanoparticles, focusing on their morphology, structure, chemistry, and functionality. Findings show variations in film properties and effective ammonia vapor sensitivity for spoilage detection in food packaging ((1,2).
Probing Cavity Polariton Relaxation using Angle-Resolved Photoluminescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Odewale Elizabeth O. , Wanasinghe Sachithra T. , Rury Aaron S.
Published: December 2024

Cavity polaritons are hybrid light-matter states formed when molecular transitions are strongly coupled to a photon in an optical cavity. We probe the determinants of polariton relaxation using the luminescence of the molecular chromophores. Our results suggest that the cavity photon and molecular exciton competitively limit polaritonic relaxation.
Exploring the Effect of Solvents in Liquid Phase Exfoliation of MoSe2: A Comparative Study
Authors: Shabnam Shahnaz , Ahmed Gazi Ameen
Published: December 2024

This work demonstrates the liquid phase exfoliation of a transition metal dichalcogenide material MoSe2 using various solvents, with subsequent characterization to analyze the structure, layer count, and morphology of the exfoliated nanosheet.
Low-cost Dynamic Light Scattering to Detect Rotavirus Particles in Drinking Water
Authors: Dahal Anish , Gurung Shishir , Kattel Avash , Maharjan Rijan , Radford Jack , Binner Philip , Starshynov Ilya , Faccio Daniele , Dhakal Ashim
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate a simple method that uses dynamic light scattering for the detection of rotavirus particles in water. Our method uses low-cost and reagent-free instrumentation and materials feasible for implementation in resource-limited settings.
A Portable Raman Spectrometer for the Rapid Detection of Biotic Stress in Spinach
Authors: Nidhi  , Agarwal Shilpi
Published: December 2024

A portable Raman Spectrometer has been used for the early detection of biotic stress in spinach. The significant change in the carotenoid peaks indicated the presence of bacterial infection within 48 hr.
Investigation of Squeezed-State Generation Using SFWM in a SiO2 Microring Resonator
Authors: Shircharandabi Atena , Kaatuzian Hassan , Hasani Mahmood , Rabiei Masiha
Published: December 2024

This study uses numerical simulation to investigate the generation of squeezed light via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) using a silicon dioxide (SiO2) waveguide coupled to a microring resonator as a possible source in photonic technologies.
Self-Pulsation Dynamics of Single Section III-V/Si DFB Laser with Optical Injection
Authors: Benkoula Loubna , Driouche Youcef , Dabar Amin Souleiman , Ramirez Joan Manel , Merghem Kamel
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate self-pulsing in a single-section III-V-on-Silicon DFB laser, with a tunable pulsation frequency from 7 GHz to 2.38 GHz. Further investigation into the self-pulsation mechanism under controlled optical injection.
Investigation of Protein Thermal Aggregation Using Autofluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Basha Shaik , Devarakonda Shanmukha Sreeya , Mukunda Darshan Chikkanayakanahalli , Rodrigues Jackson , Chandra Subhash , Pithakumar Anjana , Thoshna  , Ameera K , Biswas Shimul , Mahato Krishna Kishore
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate thermal transitions in BSA and HSA using autofluorescence spectroscopy upon thermal incubation, providing information on the corresponding unfolding and aggregation.
Real-Time Synchronous Hyper Image and Scattered Light Acquisition using Portable Microcontroller from Continuous Flow of Sample
Authors: Sao Sunit Kumar , Sahoo Satwik Srimansu , Jha Abhinav Ajay , Banoth Earu
Published: December 2024

This work presents a new system for synchronized data collection in Multiphasic Microfluidics Imaging Flow-Cytometry ( MIFC), combining flow cytometry and microfluidics imaging. This comprises simultaneous signal and image capture, live synchronization, and a tailored hardware interface.
Reducing the data acquisition time in optical scanning holography based on data correlation
Authors: Duan Jilu , Luo Yatao , Zhang Yaping , Poon Ting-Chung
Published: December 2024

We use the mean square error (MSE) to evaluate the correlation of data that skips similar hologram lines in optical scanning holography. This approach has notably decreased the data acquisition duration in experimental settings.
Channel Crosstalk Elimination of Color Digital Holography Based on Plane Wave Holographic Interference
Authors: Shen Wenzhuang , Song Qinghe , Xia Haiting , Dang Haining , Wu Rongbi
Published: December 2024

We propose a color CCD crosstalk elimination method based on the interference of plane waves. This method only requires capturing one hologram to determine the crosstalk matrix, and improving the calculation accuracy.
Multi-wavelength Mode-locked Thulium-doped Fiber Laser Based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Authors: Zhang Q. , Li H. , Jin X.
Published: December 2024

We reported a multi-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser using an all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer, achieving single-wavelength pulse output with a 55.8 nm tunable range. Varying the pump power enabled mode-locked pulses with one to four wavelengths.
Non-zero Dispersion Shifted Fiber with Multi-concentric-ring Cores for OAM Modes
Authors: Huang Yuxiang , Zhao Wenqian , Pan Zhongqi , Yue Yang
Published: December 2024

A multi-concentric-ring-core non-zero dispersion shifted fiber is proposed and designed to support 70 OAM modes while adhering to the ITU-T G.655.C standard. The corresponding nonlinear effects and confinement loss of the designed fiber are investigated.
Formation of Multiple Stable Regions for Single Solitons in the Presence of an Avoided Crossing
Authors: Courtright Logan , Shandilya Pradyoth , Carruthers Thomas F. , Menyuk Curtis R.
Published: December 2024

Standard soliton theory for quadratic dispersion microresonators predicts an infinitely large region for soliton stability past
α=3. In the presence of an avoided crossing, we show that multiple isolated regions of stability can form.
Eliminating Sidewall Roughness in Microdisk Resonator using Focused Ion Beam Polishing
Authors: Eswaramoorthy Lekshmi , Kumar Brijesh , Sharma Parul , Singh Anuj Kumar , Anand Abhay , Mokkapati Sudha , Kumar Anshuman
Published: December 2024

Sidewall roughness significantly impacts the Quality (Q) factor of microdisks by causing scattering losses. In this work, we report using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) polishing to achieve near-perfect smooth sidewalls, effectively enhancing the Q-factor.
Ancilla-Assisted Process Tomography with Bipartite Separable Mixed States
Authors: Bao Zhuoran , James Daniel F. V.
Published: December 2024

We showed that the sinisterness of state, which quantifies t he c orrelation between bipartite systems, can be used to estimate the best-case effectiveness of arbitrary separable mixed initial states in performing ancilla-assisted process tomography(AAPT).
Numerical Aperture enhancement through curved holographic recording
Authors: Lasarte Jorge , Murphy Kevin , Naydenova Izabela , Atencia Jesús , Collados Maria Victoria , Martin Suzanne
Published: December 2024

We present a technique for enhancing the numerical aperture (NA) of Holographic Optical Lenses (HOLs) via curved-to-flat h olographic r ecording a nd replaying, thus improving HOL performance with LED sources. Diffraction behavior of elements was modelled and tested.
Supergrowth: Paving the Way to High-Intensity Superresolution
Authors: Sethuraj K. R. , Karmakar Tathagata , Viteri-Pflucker Valeria , Wadood S. A. , Jordan Andrew N. , Vamivakas A. Nick
Published: December 2024

Abstract: We demonstrate the first experimental realization of supergrowing fields. Su-pergrowth will allow far-field superresolution at high intensity, overcoming limitations of superoscillation and enhancing imaging technology with higher signal-to-noise ratios.
Superresolution of three point-sources assisted with machine learning
Authors: Benzimoun Bilal , Sajia Abdelali , Qian Xiao-Feng
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate super-resolved localization of three point sources with the assistance of a machine learning model that is based on the decomposition of the source signal into Hermite Gaussian modes. High fidelity of over 80% is achieved.
A novel single-shot geometry for transport of intensity equation
Authors: Kumar Ram , Nishchal Naveen K.
Published: December 2024

Phase measurement is very important in several applications. In this paper, we present a novel optical module based on Michelson interferometer type geometry for intensity acquisition suitable for transport of intensity equation.
Understanding a Fabry-Pérot Etalon that Expands and Contracts at the Same Time
Authors: Kreider Molly Kate , Fredrick Connor , Terrien Ryan , Mahadevan Suvrath , Ninan Joe P. , Bender Chad F. , Mitchell Daniel , Rajagopal Jayadev , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Wright Jason T. , Diddams Scott A.
Published: December 2024

We quantify the complicated chromatic drift of ~ 5,000 modes across 500 nm of bandwidth of Fabry-Pérot etalons used for radial velocity measurements at the~10−10 level. We trace the behavior to the dielectric mirrors.
Noise-Robust Algorithm for Partially-Coherent Ptychography
Authors: Shearer Benjamin , Kapteyn Henry , Murnane Margaret
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate a ptychography algorithm called PaCMAN that is capable of imaging at ~100x lower flux density as ePIE. This algorithm can enable sub-10 nm imaging with table-top soft x-ray high harmonic supercontinua.
Imaging the Invisible (Quantum Fluctuations)
Authors: Gabaldon Charris , Barge Pratik J. , Lee Hwang , Novikova Irina , Cohen Lior , Mikhailov Eugeniy E.
Published: December 2024

We extract spatial and squeezed quantum information from a mixture of individual squeezed modes where the decomposition of covariance matrices are measured with single pixel imaging and homodyning techniques.
Thermal Conductivity Measurement of a Thin Layer of The Single Crystals of SnO Using Time Domain Thermoreflectance
Authors: Verma Sagar Kumar , Chae Sieun , Kandadai Nirmala
Published: December 2024

This work reports the thermal conductivity of a thin layer of the single crystals of tin monoxide (SnO) using a pump probe technique called time domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) and this was estimated to be 0.85Wm-1K-1.
Retention of Radiation on a Reflective Glass Surface with Energy Release when a Voltage is Applied Across its Surface
Authors: Bahrim Cristian , Bharadwaj Rishi
Published: December 2024

We modify the surface reflectivity of silica glasses to a weak 532nm laser radiation through the interference with another stronger 532nm laser beam assisted by an isotropic source of energy for producing an optoelectronic switch.
Advanced Methods for Monochromatic and Precisely Tunable High Harmonic Generation
Authors: Vábek J. , Jurkovičová L. , Finke O. , Albrecht M. , Staněk M. , Hort O. , Nejdl J.
Published: December 2024

Two novel techniques for generating (quasi)monochromatic XUV radiation through high-order harmonic generation will be presented. One utilizes Bessel-Gauss laser beams and density-modulated media, while the other employs UV driving beam for precise and stable wavelength tuning of the generated pulses.
Experimental exploration of quantitative optics-mechanics connection
Authors: Zhao Guogan , Sajia Abdelali , Khatiwada Pawan , Qian Xiao-Feng
Published: December 2024

We experimentally investigate polarization, entanglement, and complementary behavior of a light beam, and the center of mass and moment of inertia of a two-mass system, confirming an unexpected quantitative link between wave optics and mechanics.
Orbitalization properties of random light beams
Authors: Pokharel Sushil , Martinez Sebastian , Korotkova Olga
Published: December 2024

New properties characterising the pairs of the OAM modes in a scalar random beam such as the degree of orbitalization and the orbitalization ellipse are introduced, in similarity with those of polarization theory.
Enhanced-resolution monitoring of Laser Powder Bed Fusion melt track formation with single-element-detection Spatial Frequency Modulation Imaging
Authors: Hunter Scott A. , Scarbrough Daniel E. , Cottrell Seth , Squier Jeff
Published: December 2024

Laser Powder Bed Fusion faces imaging challenges due to low numerical aperture optics, fast laser-scanning speeds, and scattering media. Using Spatial Frequency Modulation Imaging, we achieved scatter-robust, enhanced-resolution imaging of melt track formation in-situ.
X-ray Sources from Relativistic Laser-matter Interaction at ELI Beamlines
Authors: Chaulagain U. , Lamač M. , Raclavský M. , Nejdl J.
Published: December 2024

The ELI Beamlines facility advances laser-driven sources of high-flux, coherent XUV and X-ray pulses. Key developments also include advanced sources based on relativistic laser-matter interaction, employing both under-critical and over-dense plasmas.
Next Generation Optical Quantum State Synthesis: Observation of Fourfold Negativity in the Wigner Function
Authors: Endo Mamoru , Takase Kan , Nomura Takefumi , Sonoyama Tatsuki , Takahashi Kazuma , Kashiwazaki Takahiro , Inoue Asuka , Umeki Takeshi , Takasu Sachiko , Fukuda Daiji , Marek Petr , Filip Radim , Asavanant Warit , Furusawa Akira
Published: December 2024

An optical quantum state with fourfold Wigner negativity was generated without any loss correction. Generalized photon subtraction scheme, broadband squeezed light source, and high-temporal-resolution transition-edge sensor enabled generation rates of tens of counts per second.
Simple Characterization of Linear Optical Multiport Devices
Authors: Smith A. Matthew , Ray Shannon , Koch Daniel , Ellis Sam , Tison Christopher C. , Alsing Paul M.
Published: December 2024

We describe a minimal set of classical measurements for characterizing and calibrating optical multiport devices that leads to a direct element by element measurement of the device’s unitary transfer function matrix.
Iodine-frequency-stabilized AlGaInP-based VECSEL at 689 nm
Authors: Hodges Charlotte A. , Moriya Paulo Hisao , Hastie Jennifer E.
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate a high-brightness, iodine-locked AlGaInP-based VECSEL at 689 nm with estimated linewidth of 6.6(5) kHz and reduced frequency drift, targeting neutral Sr-based timing applications.
Quantum Phase Imaging with Undetected Photons Immune to Phase Noise
Authors: Tarrant Chandler , Lahiri Mayukh
Published: December 2024

We present an interferometric quantum phase imaging technique that (1) does not detect the photons interacting with the object and (2) applies when standard interferometry-based phase imaging schemes fail due to uncontrollable, random phase fluctuations.
Quantum State Tomography of Two-Qubit Photonic States with Undetected Photons
Authors: Rajeev Salini , Lahiri Mayukh
Published: December 2024

We present a novel, quantum interferometric method of performing quantum state tomography of two-qubit photonic mixed states. The method does not require detecting one of the photons and therefore allows covering of wider spectral ranges.
Low SWaP Modular Laser Architecture for Laser-Cooled Quantum Sensors and Atomic Clocks
Authors: Barnes Evan , Phillips Nate , Smith Cole , Attar Andrew , Timmers Henry , Sodergren Bennett , Vogel Kurt , Spiess Alina , Knabe Kevin
Published: December 2024

A modular laser system based on a master/follower laser architecture is under development at Vescent. This system addresses the need for a serviceable and adaptable commercial laser systems for applications including cold-atom sensors.
Potential Roughness Suppression in a Radio-Frequency AC Zeeman Chip Trap
Authors: Miyahira William , Aubin Seth
Published: December 2024

We present work showing potential roughness suppression in an AC Zeeman atom chip trap operating on RF Zeeman transitions. RF trap roughness is compared with a DC trap with clear suppression in the RF trap.
Identification of ellipsoidal biological particles in holographic nanoparticle imaging
Authors: Azzahrani Ahmad S.
Published: December 2024

Digital holographic microscopy is a marker-free technique for determining the hologram of individual, nonspherical cells. The cell structure holds significant importance in a biological context and provides an effective means for its measurement in a biological application.
Co-Registered Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging with Deep Learning for Breast Imaging and Tumor Localization
Authors: Zheng Emily , Zhang Huijuan , Bonaccio Ermelinda , Takabe Kazuaki , Xu Wenyao , Xia Jun
Published: December 2024

We developed a novel breast imaging configuration that integrates Photoacoustic (PA) and Ultrasound (US) modes. A deep learning model trained via the clinical imaging results allows tumor localization within the breast tissue in three dimensions.
Transient Absorption Microscopy of Live Fibroblasts
Authors: Mugdha A. C. , Chicco A. J. , Friedrich M. W. , Van Hove J. , Wilson J. W.
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate that visible-wavelength transient absorption microscopy, which utilizes femtosecond laser pulses to measure sub pico-second excited state relaxation mechanisms of electron transport chain (ETC) hemeproteins, can produce images of live, cultured human fibroblasts.