bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Underlining issues of emerging economies: a case of East and Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Rahman Md. Mizanur
Published: June 2023

Overall development of a country largely depends on the economic policy instruments particularly fiscal and monetary policy to streamline the development and continue the developmental progress. These two policies have significant effects on long-term growth. It is noticed that policy adoption and reforms in both fiscal and monetary policies undertaken by Southeast Asian nations during the 1960s through 1990s have contributed to their advancement. This paper discusses the strategies for flourishing as emerging economies. Examples from Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam are highlighted in this study. It is found that prudent fiscal and monetary policy, effective discounting and interest rate; modernized tax system and most importantly policy regime are the contributing factors of these emerging economies. However, in spite of high-income growth and development because of supportive these policy initiatives, administrative and politico-economic constraints challenged the path of economies. Long-term development strategies are suggested to sustain the growth and continue the development pace.
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wolff Antonio C. , Somerfield Mark R. , Dowsett Mitchell , Hammond M. Elizabeth H. , Hayes Daniel F. , McShane Lisa M. , Saphner Thomas J. , Spears Patricia A. , Allison Kimberly H.
Published: June 2023

Purpose.—

To update the American Society of Clinical Oncology–College of American Pathologists (ASCO-CAP) recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in breast cancer. An Update Panel is aware that a new generation of antibody-drug conjugates targeting the HER2 protein is active against breast cancers that lack protein overexpression or gene amplification.

Methods.—

The Update Panel conducted a systematic literature review to identify signals for updating recommendations.

Results.—

The search identified 173 abstracts. Of 5 potential publications reviewed, none constituted a signal for revising existing recommendations.

Recommendations.—

The 2018 ASCO-CAP recommendations for HER2 testing are affirmed.

Discussion.—

HER2 testing guidelines have focused on identifying HER2 protein overexpression or gene amplification in breast cancer to identify patients for therapies that disrupt HER2 signaling. This update acknowledges a new indication for trastuzumab deruxtecan when HER2 is not overexpressed or amplified but is immunohistochemistry (IHC) 1+ or 2+ without amplification by in situ hybridization. Clinical trial data on tumors that tested IHC 0 are limited (excluded from DESTINY-Breast04), and evidence is lacking that these cancers behave differently or do not respond similarly to newer HER2 antibody-drug conjugates. Although current data do not support a new IHC 0 versus 1+ prognostic or predictive threshold for response to trastuzumab deruxtecan, this threshold is now relevant because of the trial entry criteria that supported its new regulatory approval. Therefore, although it is premature to create new result categories of HER2 expression (eg, HER2-Low, HER2-Ultra-Low), best practices to distinguish IHC 0 from 1+ are now clinically relevant. This update affirms prior HER2 reporting recommendations and offers a new HER2 testing reporting comment to highlight the current relevance of IHC 0 versus 1+ results and best practice recommendations to distinguish these often subtle differences. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines.
Using A Blueprint for Character Development for Evolution (ABCDE) to Build Relationships Through Talk to Mobilise Attachment Theory to Develop Children’s Working Mental Models for Good Choices that Regulate Continued Good Lives
Authors: HYSA Ferit , TAYSUM Alison
Published: June 2023

This study is a Ground Work Case in Albania which aims to reveal how adults talking with children can build relationships between the adult and the children to support the children’s appropriate development through the four phases of Bowlby’s attachment theory. If trauma is experienced which is not the fault of the child or the preferred caregiver, the child can become stuck and unable to develop the mental models required to become self-determining and live a good life with the conditions for homeostasis (continued life) with good faculty of judgement. This has implications for adults who may have experience trauma, through no fault of their own, who have not passed through the phases of attachment theory, and are expected to support children through the phases of attachment theory with no working mental model of what that looks like. A groundwork case was conducted in a city in Albania with kindergarten staff and revealed i) the curriculum of kindergarten staff’s qualification did include attachment theory, ii) kindergarten staff were unaware of attachment theory. Findings reveal the Covid pandemic 19 has caused trauma that is preventing children from passing through the phases of attachment theory leading to poor working mental models and poor mental health. A Blueprint for Character Development for Evolution (ABCDE) is presented as an incremental model to enable staff, students and parents to evaluate progress through the phases of attachment theory and moving from fear to good faculty of judgement required for self-determining homeostasis.
HIV Drug Resistance among Pre-treatment Cases in Thailand: Four Rounds of Surveys during 2006-2013
Authors: Thanprasertsuk Sombat , Phokhasawad Kunjanakorn , Teeraratkul Achara , Chasombat Sanchai , Pattarapayoon Naparat , Saeng-aroon Siriphan , Yuktanon Porntip , Kohreanudom Surapol , Lertpiriyasuwat Cheewanan
Published: June 2023

In Thailand, antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated to treat human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) cases using the empirical regimen with no prior genotypic test to determine drug resistance. In order to assess prevalence rate of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) among pre-treatment cases, four rounds of survey were carried out in ART clinics, including six, eight, 33 and four ART clinics in each round during 2006-2013. For which, HIVDR testing results were available in 310, 350, 797, and 413 cases in four rounds. It was revealed that HIVDR rates among naive cases were 2.0%, 2.8%, 4.0% and 4.8%, while in experienced cases, the rates were 0, 3.3%, 11.4% and 13.9%. The rates among all cases were 1.9%, 2.9%, 4.4% and 5.6%. Resistant drugs with the highest rates among all cases in the survey round 4 were nevirapine (3.6%) and efavirenz (3.1%). The results indicated the need to continue surveillance for pre-treatment HIVDR, and posed challenges to implement activities for protecting efficacy and prolong the use of empirical first-line regimen. A strategy to apply genotyping test, in a cost-effective approach, should be considered to prepare for situation when HIVDR increases beyond a critical level.
Factors Associated with Knowledge and Practice of Healthcare Workers in Cervical Cancer Screening in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand
Authors: Sansilapin Chalo , Saritapirak Nipapan , Sangrajrang Suleeporn
Published: June 2023

Thailand’s 2010-2014 national program for cervical cancer screening guidelines recommends that women aged 30-60 years should be screened every five years with the Papanicolau smear (Pap smear) method or visual inspection with acetic acid and that coverage should be at least 80%. However, from 2010-2014, the national coverage of cervical cancer screening was only 53.9%. We therefore evaluated healthcare workers’ knowledge of the guidelines and their practices regarding cervical cancer screening by Pap smear. We collected data using a structured questionnaire from 258 healthcare workers who had ordered or conducted cervical cancer screening for at least one year. Most (74.8%) healthcare workers knew that Pap smears should be done every five years among women aged 30 to 60 years. General practitioners and gynecologists had lower knowledge of the age criteria compared to nurses and technicians. Knowledge of the target age criteria was significantly associated with type of healthcare worker, workplace, gender and recent training (within the previous 3 years). The screening practice was significantly associated with type of healthcare worker and workplace. Providing up-to-date training on the national cervical cancer screening guidelines is necessary for all public hospital healthcare workers.
Outbreak Investigation of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) among Islamic Missionaries in Southern Thailand, April 2020
Authors: Phiriyasart Farooq , Chantutanon Sawanya , Salaeh Fitreeyah , Roka Aran , Thepparat Tidaporn , Kaesaman Sunisa , Useng Asip , Abu Idres , Weruma Rusna , Arrong Suratan , Sangsawang Choopong
Published: June 2023

From 30 Mar to 20 Apr 2020, an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) occurred in Thung Yang Daeng District of Pattani Province in Southern Thailand. An outbreak investigation was conducted to identify the outbreak’s magnitude, epidemiologic characteristics, and source of infection. A descriptive study was conducted in which we reviewed investigation reports of all Real Time - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed COVID-19 cases and identified active local transmission villages. A case was defined as a person living in one of the active local transmission villages with laboratory confirmation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A total of 27 laboratory-confirmed cases were identified from 471 individuals (overall attack rate 5.7%) who were deemed to be high-risk contacts. Among them, two cases were detected from the active case finding. The median age of the 27 cases was 46 years (Q1=28, Q3=58) and the male to female ratio was 1.07:1. The first imported case returned from religious gatherings at Markaz Yala, a place of worship in Yala Province. The analytic result showed that the group of religious contacts at Markaz Yala, local religious contacts, and household contacts of the confirmed cases, had a significantly higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than other community members. Local quarantine for people returning from outbreak areas and religious gatherings, and for high-risk close contacts will be appropriate for the district context.
Behavioral Factors and Work-related Illnesses among Animal Traders in the Largest Night Market in Thailand
Authors: Mungaomklang Anek , Ueakoonwarawat Ratiwat , Chunthawee Supaporn , Na-Lampang Pongchan
Published: June 2023

People who keep animals for trade or as pets are groups that encounter one of the highest risks for zoonotic diseases through close contact. This issue needs attention because zoonosis has been an important health problem around the world. The objective of this study was to investigate the behavioral factors associated with work-related illnesses among animal keepers and pet sellers in the largest night market of Thailand, located in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire and a walk-through survey in the market during 1 Jan and 28 Feb 2015. Out of 75 animal traders, 60 responded to our questionnaire. Common injuries were animal scratches (56.7%), and bites (26.7%). Results from the multiple logistic regressions revealed a relationship between direct contact with animals and illnesses (odds ratio = 11.56, 95% CI = 1.16-115.20). Adequate education and promoting awareness among the animal traders who had prolonged exposure and direct contact with animals should be a main control strategy for prevention of work-related illnesses.
Risk Factors of Flood-related Mortality in Phichit Province, Thailand
Authors: Tantiworrawit Patcharin , Yuphan Chitabha , Wangteeraprasert Tanapol , Yodkaiw Ekachai , Ieowongjaroen Ittapon , Iamsirithaworn Sopon , Buathong Rome
Published: June 2023

In July 2011, catastrophic flooding occurred in 65 out of 77 provinces in Thailand, affecting 9.5 million and caused 813 deaths. The highest number of death due to floodwater was found in Phichit Province. An investigation was conducted to identify risk factors for flood-related mortality. A matched case-control study was performed. A case was defined as a flood-related death and the matched control was a person residing in the same neighborhood within five years age range. Data on cases were gathered by interview with family members and witnesses while information on controls was obtained through a structured questionnaire. Total 50 flood-related deaths and 100 controls were enrolled. Majority of deaths (56%) were 31-60 years old. About 87% of deaths were males and the cause of all deaths was drowning (100%). Health problems such as central nervous system disorder, psychosis and epilepsy were observed among 34% of the deaths. A common activity at the time of death was fishing (44%). Having health problem (adjusted OR=17.3, 95% CI=1.1-275.5) and male gender (adjusted OR=14.6, 95% CI=1.4-154.2) were identified as independent risk factors of flood-related deaths. Risk communication was initiated with the related ministries and high risk activities in the floodwater were prohibited by the responsible ministries.
Az iszlám kereskedelmi jog főbb elveiről
Authors: Siska Katalin
Published: June 2023

Az iszlám kereskedelemre és azok finanszírozására vonatkozó társasági jogi szabályok a kezdetektől fogva elmaradottak és hiányosak voltak az Oszmán birodalomban és a korabeli iszlám államokban. A saría, az iszlám vallásjogi szabályok a mindennapi élet számtalan területét lefedték, a kereskedelmi ügyletekre viszont kevés konkrét rendelkezést tartalmaztak. Írásomban a saría elvi jellegű, kereskedelmi ügyletekre vonatkozó rendelkezéseit elemzem, melyeket analógiával alkalmaztak a konkrét jogesetekre. Munkámban rövid kitérőt szentelek a nem muszlim állampolgárok saría joghoz és bíróságokhoz való viszonyára is.
A saját üzletrész megszerezhető mértéke jogi megítélésének változásai
Authors: Szegedi András
Published: June 2023

A saját üzletrész intézménye napjainkra evidencia a korlátolt felelősségű társaságok szabályozásában. Mégis, az egyes részletszabályok sokszínűek lehetnek, amelyek egy-egy jogrendszeren belül is időről időre megváltozhatnak. Ilyen kérdés a saját üzletrész megszerezhető mértéke, amely az idők során folyamatosan változott. A Ptk. hatályba lépésével pedig egy egészen új dimenzióba került azzal, hogy a tag és a jogi személy viszonya, illetve a szervezeti-működési kérdések körében az eltérés lehetősége vált főszabállyá.
Kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành phòng chống viêm gan B trong sinh viên khối sức khỏe Trường Đại học Quốc tế Hồng Bàng
Authors: Lê Phan Vi Na Lê Phan Vi Na , Nguyễn Thị Bảo Minh Nguyễn Thị Bảo Minh , Nguyễn Ngọc Minh Thư Nguyễn Ngọc Minh Thư , Thân Thị Tuyết Trinh Thân Thị Tuyết Trinh , Huỳnh Quốc Tải Huỳnh Quốc Tải
Published: June 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Sinh viên (SV) thuộc khối sức khỏe của Trường Đại học Quốc tế Hồng Bàng sẽ là một nhóm đối tượng có nguy cơ cao lây nhiễm bệnh viêm gan B (VGB) trong quá trình thực tập chuyên ngành tại các cơ sở y tế như bệnh viện, phòng khám, trung tâm y tế, … Họ sẽ là một phần không thể thiếu của hệ thống y tế, nên việc đánh giá thực trạng trong việc phòng chống lây nhiễm bệnh VGB của SV thuộc khối sức khỏe là rất cần thiết. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Khảo sát kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành (KAP) về phòng chống lây nhiễm bệnh VGB của SV thuộc khối sức khỏe; mối liên quan giữa kiến thức (KT), thái độ (TĐ), thực hành (TH) với nhau. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang với đối tượng nghiên cứu là nhóm SV hệ chính quy của 6 ngành thuộc khối sức khỏe trong năm học 2021 - 2022, thông qua bộ câu hỏi trực tuyến. Số liệu được xử lý thống kê bởi phần mềm SPSS. Kết quả: Qua khảo sát 735 SV về phòng chống lây nhiễm bệnh VGB: tỷ lệ SV có KT đạt, TĐ đạt, TH đạt lần lượt là: 46.4%; 78.1%; 59.9%. Có mối liên quan giữa KT và TĐ, giữa KT và TH, giữa TĐ và TH về phòng chống lây nhiễm bệnh VGB (p < 0.05). Kết luận: Chỉ có tỷ lệ SV có TĐ đạt cao, trong khi tỷ lệ SV có KT đạt và TH đạt tương đối thấp, cần tăng cường giáo dục thêm cho SV cả về lý thuyết lẫn thực hành phòng chống lây nhiễm bệnh VGB.
Nghiên cứu điều chế gel Meloxicam với độ hòa tan và tính thấm cao
Authors: Phùng Đức Truyền Phùng Đức Truyền , Trần Anh Vũ Trần Anh Vũ , Nguyễn Thị Ánh Nguyệt Nguyễn Thị Ánh Nguyệt , Nguyễn Thị Mai Nguyễn Thị Mai
Published: June 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Meloxicam (ME) là thuốc kháng viêm non steroid (NSAIDs) có tác dụng kháng viêm mạnh nhưng độ tan thấp, sinh khả dụng kém. Tạo phức giữa ME với 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2HPβCD) hòa tan trong nước giúp nâng cao sinh khả dụng của ME trong dạng bào chế gel. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Điều chế và đánh giá sự hình thành phức ME-2HPβCD. Xây dựng qui trình và công thức bào chế gel ME. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Tạo phức ME với 2HPβCD bằng 2 phương pháp nghiền ướt, đồng dung môi và tiến hành đánh giá độ hòa tan, độ tan, phân tích phổ IR, DSC, 1H-NMR của phức ME-2HPβCD. Thăm dò, xây dựng qui trình và điều chế gel ME. Kết quả và bàn luận: Tạo phức ME-2HPβCD điều chế bằng phương pháp đồng dung môi độ hòa tan 89.10% ở 60 phút so với 11.87% của ME. Độ tan của phức ME-2HPβCD tăng 124,84 so với ME nguyên liệu. Phân tích phổ IR, DSC, 1H-NMR của phức ME-2HPβCD cho thấy có sự tương tác tạo phức rõ rệt giữa meloxicam và 2HPβCD. Xây dựng được qui trình và điều chế gel ME với độ hòa tan và tính thấm cao. Kết luận: Đã điều chế phức ME-2HPβCD và phân tích phổ IR, DSC, 1H-NMR, pha hòa tan, đánh giá độ hòa tan, độ tan cho thấy phức ME-2HPβCD cho độ hòa tan 89.10% ở 60 phút tăng 124.84 so với ME nguyên liệu. Chứng minh được 2HPβCD có tác dụng làm gia tăng tính thấm của ME và xây dựng được công thức và qui trình điều chế gel ME.
Anti-Communitarian Construction of Human Rights Provisions and the Problematics of Engineering Social Development in Commonwealth Africa: Ripples from the Nigerian Case of Agbai V. Okogbue.
Authors:   Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria, Ikechukwu Njoku Donatus , Nwodeh Paul ,   Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

In most countries of the world, socio-economic rights are now concrete and enforceable. In Nigeria however, chapter II of the 1999 Constitution has remained non-justiciable, irrespective of the adoption and ratification of the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights, which contains replica of these socio-economic rights. In countries like South Africa, India and some Latin American countries, the socio-economic rights have been given full force of enforcement either by composite construction of constitutionally guaranteed rights to encapsulate socio-economic rights or by expansive interpretation of the Constitution by the courts. Enforcement of socio-economic rights has nonetheless remained a mirage in Nigeria. Successive governments have hidden under the non justiceability of chapter II of the constitution to evade accountability and responsibility especially in provision of life changing infrastructure. This has impelled communities to engineer their own social development via self-help. Enforcement of compliance towards these self-help measures usually clash with the perceived rights of individuals. This paper therefore raises concern on the construction of the rights provisions to stifle communitarian philosophy enhancing social development via communal self-help projects by revisiting the case of Agbai v. Okagbue. It is posited that with recent dwindling government responses especially in rural infrastructural development, the court has to re-engineer communal development by superimposing communal interest over personal interest especially where such communal interest will also further full realization of personal rights. Key Words: Human Rights, Community Development, Communitarian Principle, Realist Theory, Problem and Commonwealth Africa
K. MAKEDONYA VE KOSOVA TÜRK ŞİİRİNDE TÜRKİSTAN VE TÜRK DÜNYASI
Authors: KARAKUŞ Ertuğrul
Published: June 2023

Çoğunlukla; Bulgaristan, K. Makedonya, Kosova, B. Trakya (Yunanistan), Gagauz Yeri (Moldova) ve Romanya’da varlık gösteren Balkan Türklerinin, Türkistan bölgesi ile olan ilişkileri veya köklerinin geldiği bu bölgeyle ne derece ilgili oldukları merak edilegelmiştir. Şüphesiz sayılan bu bölge ve ülkelerin her birisi “Türkistan” ve “Türk dünyası” temaları açısından müstakil olarak incelemeye tabi tutulabilecek ölçüde zengin bir Türkçe şiir muhtevasına sahiptir. Osmanlı Devleti sonrasında nüfus ve kültürel varlık açısından ciddi bir sarsıntı geçirseler de K. Makedonya ve Kosova Türkleri de, özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında modern bir Türk şiiri oluşturmayı başarmışlardır. Çalışmada; coğrafi, siyasi ve tarihî yakınlık nedeniyle, özellikle son 70 yıllık araştırmalarda beraberce ele alınan bölgeler olan K. Makedonya ve Kosova Türklerinin şiiri, zikredilen temalar bağlamında ele alınmıştır. İncelemelerden elde edilen sonuca göre de denilebilir ki; bu bölgelerde varlık gösteren Türk şiirinde “Türkistan” ve “Türk dünyası” konuları, siyasi şartlar ve imkânlar ölçüsünde daima yer almıştır.
A REVIEW OF METHODOLOGIES FOR PATH PLANNING AND OPTIMIZATION OF MOBILE ROBOTS
Authors: Sahoo Sushil Kumar , Choudhury Bibhuti Bhusan
Published: June 2023

This research paper provides a comprehensive review of methodologies for path planning and optimization of mobile robots. With the rapid development of robotics technology, path planning and optimization have become fundamental areas of research for achieving efficient and safe autonomous robot navigation. In this paper, we review the classic and state-of-the-art techniques of path planning and optimization, including artificial potential fields, A* algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm, genetic algorithm, swarm intelligence, and machine learning-based methods. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and discuss their application scenarios. Moreover, we identify the challenges and open problems in this field, such as dealing with dynamic environments and real-time constraints. This paper serves as a comprehensive reference for researchers and practitioners in the robotics community, providing insights into the latest trends and developments in path planning and optimization for mobile robots.
La contribución del bosque amazónico a las condiciones de vida de la población rural de la Reserva de Biosfera Sumaco, Ecuador
Authors: Torres Navarrete Segundo Bolier , Vallejo Luis , Cedeño Juan Pablo , Torres Navarrete Yenny , Gómez Aníbal
Published: June 2023

Los recursos del bosque son importantes para el bienestar de millones de familias en países en desarrollo. Sin embargo, evaluar las condiciones de vida rurales y la dependencia del bosque es complejo, especialmente cuando se debe colectar datos de áreas cultivadas y no cultivadas tomando bienes de bosques naturales y ríos para consumo o venta. Para examinar la contribución del ecosistema bosque a las condiciones de vida de las poblaciones Kichwa y Mestizas del centro-norte de la Amazonía ecuatoriana, se usó una base de datos que fue colectada a través de 680 encuestas dirigidas a 170 hogares de manera trimestral durante un año en 32 comunidades en las zonas de amortiguamiento y transición de la Reserva de Biosfera Sumaco. Los resultados muestran que existe un disparidad entre Mestizos y Kichwa no sólo en los rubros de ingresos económicos, sino en las actividades que se comportan como principal fuente de ingreso. Para los hogares Kichwa existe mayor diversidad de fuentes de ingresos proveniente de la finca, mientras que para los hogares Mestizos existe una dependencia marcada de la ganadería como principal fuente de ingreso.
Analisis Pola Dispersi Polutan pada Kawasan Pabrik di Kecamatan Somba Opu
Authors: Adriani Adriani
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pola dispersi dan faktor yang mempengaruhi konsentrasi polutan dari sumber emisi tidak bergerak yaitu cerobong asap pabrik di Kecamatan Somba Opu, Kabupaten Gowa. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan moving observation technique yang dilakukan pada pagi hari dan siang hari yang didasarkan pada konsentrasi debu. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa konsentrasi debu pada pagi hari dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan angin sedangkan konsentrasi debu di siang hari dipengaruhi oleh jarak pengambilan sampel dari sumber emisi. Pola dispersi debu pada pagi hari menyebar ke arah selatan dengan konsentrasi terbesar berada di sebelah timur laut dengan jarak 400 m dari sumber emisi. Sedangkan pada siang hari, pola dispersi mengikuti arah angin dengan konsentrasi terbesar menyebar ke arah timur. Penyebaran dipengaruhi oleh arah dan kecepatan angin.
Evidence of Climate variability by the Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Temperature in the City of Sokoto
Authors:   University of Ilorin, C. Nwabachili S , A. Olaitan G ,   University of Ilorin, A. Falaiye O ,   University of Ilorin
Published: June 2023

Temperature is crucial in observing changes occurring in the environment, such as climate change. Climate change is caused by the emission of excessive greenhouse gas and has been acknowledged as the main cause of various environmental impacts such as an increase in the flood scenario, frequent droughts, increasing wildfires, and heatwaves in various parts of the world. Temperature behaviour which has been studied in the city of Sokoto was used as a yardstick to check for the presence of variance in climate. Temperature data were gotten from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) that spanned thirty-one years (1980–2010) was used for this study. ANOVA and the Mann Kendall trend test were used to analyze the data used. The ANOVA findings revealed that the maximum and minimum temperatures differed significantly between the months. The Mann-Kendall trend test results suggest an increasing trend in maximum temperature and a declining trend in minimum temperature in the annual statistics. The monthly trend was made up of both increasing and decreasing trends. The city of Sokoto being located in the region of the Sahel savannah has very sensitive to minor changes in climate variance, hence this result will help in the planning of agriculture-related activities such as planting time, type of crops to plant, type of animals to be reared, types of animal diseases to provide vaccines for, etc.
INFLUENCE OF FOLARIN FALANA’S TWITTER CAMPAIGNS ON THE PARTICIPATION OF LAGOS YOUTH IN THE 2020 ENDSARS PROTEST IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Samuel Adegboyega University, Edo State, Nigeria, S. Asemah Ezekiel , Emeke Nwaoboli Precious ,   University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

This research is an examination of the influence of Folarin Falana’s Twitter campaigns on the participation of Lagos youth in the 2020 EndSARS protest. The rationale behind the study was to investigate how celebrity social media campaigns, specifically Twitter, influenced the participation of Lagos youth in the #EndSARS protest. The researcher adopted the survey research design while questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The population of the study is 10 million which constitutes the total population of Lagos youth and a sample size of 384 was drawn. The findings showed that although, exposure to celebrity social media campaigns have the capacity to influence the mobilisation and participation of people in protests, there are other factors too that can contribute to influencing the participation of people in protest movements. It was, however, recommended among others that since no one, including celebrities is safe in terms of corrupt or bad governance and abuse, rather than keeping quite as though celebrities are not affected by these menaces, seeing that they have a better platform to shed light on these issues and play the role of advocacy and solidarity with the masses, showing the world that everyone is susceptible, celebrities should be a part of these conversations on social media in order to help give the voiceless a sense of belonging.
DO MONETARY POLICIES REALLY INFLUENCE PERFORMANCE OF BANKS IN NIGERIA?
Authors:   Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, Jummai Shawai Akinsanmi Fatima , Oladele Rotim ,   Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, Alabi Olabisi ,   Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, Adeboboye Osatohanwen Roseline
Published: June 2023

This research looked into how monetary policy can affect bank profitability in Nigeria. To fulfill study objectives, return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) were utilized to measure monetary policy and performance. The study was descriptive. Secondary data from selected banks' annual financial reports and CBN bulletins from 2016-2020 were used. A simple linear regression was used to assess secondary data. Unlike prior studies, the study found no substantial link between cash reserve ratio and lending interest rate profitability in Nigeria. That monetary policy has no major impact on the profitability of the selected Nigerian banks. As a result, the link between monetary policies and bank performance was established.
DECENTRALISATION AND CIVIL SERVICE EFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria, Biola Muhibat Osungboye
Published: June 2023

Viewing civil service as a supporting strategy for decentralising government operations for quality service and greater accountability, this study analysed the relationship between decentralisation and the effective performance of civil service in Nigeria. However, the study obtained information from secondary data which include; official documents and official websites of governmental institutions in Nigeria, academic journals, and Newspapers. The study revealed that decentralisation policy has not translated to civil service efficiency in terms of quality service delivery and greater accountability. The study further revealed that decentralising administrative responsibilities to lower governmental levels should be encouraged with less political interference. Therefore, proper accountability needs to be integrated into all aspects of the Nigerian civil service to provide efficient services to the citizens. The study concludes that unless the government strengthens the enforcement phases of accountability, the objective of decentralisation in Nigeria may not be fully actualised.
ASSESSMENT OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARKET DYNAMICS, BANK CREDIT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors:   Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, O.A. Usman , O.A Aina-David ,   Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Ogun State, Nigeria, S.O Yinus ,   Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Ogun State, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

The study examined the relationship between capital market dynamics, bank credit, and economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data was employed and sourced from the publications of the Security and Exchange Commission and Central Bank of Nigeria. The variables for which the data was sourced include: market capitalisation, All-Share index, market volume and market turnover, inflation rate, and Gross Domestic Product for the period 1988 to 2019. The data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis and other econometric tests such as the unit root test, co-integration test, and vector error correction mechanism (VECM). The findings revealed that capital market dynamic variables and bank credit had a significant positive effect on economic growth. It is concluded that the capital market has a positive and significant impact on the economic growth of Nigeria, both in the short and long run. Also, bank credits significantly impacted economic growth positively in Nigeria. The capital market contributes positively to economic growth in Nigeria. Based on the findings from the study, we recommend that investors should be encouraged with necessary incentives so as to increase the volume and value of equities being traded in Nigeria, thus widening the range of investment opportunities as well as increasing productivity. Further, the government should do everything possible to provide a safe and conducive investment climate by nipping in the bud the prevalent activities of terrorists and kidnappers. This will not only encourage Nigerian investors but also attract foreign investors into the Nigerian capital market.
EFFECT OF ABSORPTION AND MARGINAL COSTING ON CORPORATE PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Federal University Oye Ekiti State, Nigeria, Ali-Momoh Oluwayemi Betty , Shaka Abdulrahman ,   Achiever University, Ondo State, Nigeria, Olagbuyiro Olanrewaju Ezekiel ,   Achiever University, Ondo State, Nigeria, Olowokere Taiwo Samue ,   Achiever University, Ondo State, Nigeria, Ayodele Feyisayo ,   Achiever University, Ondo State, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

The study examined the effect of absorption and marginal cost on corporate performance in Nigeria, it specifically examined the effect of absorption costing on corporate performance of selected manufacturing firm in Nigeria and it also ascertained the significant influence of marginal costing on corporate performance of selected corporate performance in Nigeria. The population of the study consisted on twenty-one (22) manufacturing companies listed on the Nigeria exchange group, however, eighteen (18) samples were selected from the population. A total number of 540 were randomly sampled from the companies in the samples. Data were collected with the use of questionnaire. Collated data were analyzed using descriptive method of analysis. Specifically, the study made use of percentages and frequency analysis. Result revealed that to a large extent the absorption costing has significant and positive effect on corporate performance of the selected companies in Nigeria. Also, result reflected that there is evidence across the manufacturing that marginal costing has positive and significant relationship with corporate performance of selected manufacturing in Nigeria. This study therefore concluded that absorption and marginal costing has positive and significant effect on corporate performance of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Hence, the study therefore, concluded that absorption and marginal costing have strong statistical relationship with the corporate performance of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study recommends that profitability, business size, liquidity situation, and asset tangibility are important variables to consider when the management of selected manufacturing firms in Nigeria decides to adopt absorption and marginal costing
Autenticidade dos arquivos digitais nas pesquisas históricas da educação matemática
Authors: Domingues Jonathan Machado
Published: June 2023

Esta investigação bibliográfica se insere no campo da História da educação matemática (Hem), tendo como tema "autenticidade de arquivos digitais”. O objetivo do artigo é investigar a utilização de arquivos digitais em pesquisa do campo da Hem, norteando-se pelo seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como os arquivos digitais vêm sendo utilizados como fontes empíricas nas pesquisas da Hem? Para isso, o texto amparou-se em Duranti (1994) para potencializar a discussão sobre as características que constituem um arquivo. Por meio da análise dos trabalhos desenvolvidos no campo da Hem infere-se que a nota de rodapé é um instrumento de grande valia para autenticar a utilização de um arquivo digital em uma narrativa histórica.
Seeds Composition and their Nutrients Quality of Some Pea (Pisum sativum L.) and Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Cultivars
Authors: Ciurescu Georgeta , Toncea Ion , Ropotă Mariana , Hăbeanu Mihaela
Published: June 2023

A comparative study was carried out on the proximate composition, mineral, amino acid and fatty acid contents of two legume [five cultivars of peas [(Pisum sativum L. cv. Nicoleta, cv. Vedea, cv. Specter, cv. Windham and cv. Biathlon)] and four cultivars of lentils (Lens culinaris Medik. cv. Eston, cv. Georgÿ, cv. Berglinse, and cv. Black] grown in Romania. The protein values of the legumes ranged from 233 and 260 g kg DM-1 for the raw pea and from 256 and 289 g kg DM-1 for the raw lentils. The fat, fibre and carbohydrates (NFE) contents were low and the average values were different depending on cultivars in both legumes. The seeds of studied lentils cultivars were found to be good sources of essential minerals such as copper, iron and manganese, but total phosphorous, calcium and zinc were comparable with peas. The amino acid profile in pea and lentil seeds was also typical of legumes, with a high level in lysine (6.2% of the protein) and a low level in sulphur-containing amino acids (methionine and cysteine: 2%). Lentils’ lipids were rich in alpha-linolenic acid, which comprised 11.95-14.62% of total fatty acids methyl esters. The alpha-linolenic acid was also higher in the pea cv. Vedea. It is deduced that pea and lentil seeds have better potential to be used in protein enriched poultry feed formulations.
Adding Some TEC-VARIETY
Authors: Bonk Curtis , Khoo Elaine
Published: June 2023

We propose the TEC-VARIETY framework as a solution to the lack of meaningful engagement. It can shift learners from nearly comatose states to actively engaged ones. Adding Some TEC-VARIETY helps instructors focus on how to motivate online learners and increase learner retention. It also is a comprehensive, one-stop toolkit for online instructors to inspire learners and renew their own passion for teaching. Using 10 theoretically driven and proven motivational principles, TEC-VARIETY offers over 100 practical yet innovative ideas based on decades of author experience teaching in a variety of educational settings.
In this book, you will discover:

A wellspring of Web resources;
10 fully documented successful motivational principles;
Hundreds of activities to motivate and engage online learners;
Proven ideas on how to design interactive and collaborative courses;
A realistic path toward meaningful and relevant online learning;
Detailed risk, cost, and time guidelines for each activity;
A thoroughly researched basis for each idea and activity;
Hope (yes, real hope!) for engaging online learners.
تقـنـية الوسط التوافقي لـحـل مـسائـل الـبـرمجة الـكـسرية
Authors: حسن باسم عباس , احمد هاجر , محمد احمد قاسم
Published: June 2023

البـرمجة الكـسرية الخطية هي نسبة لدالـتين خـطيتين، بـدلاً مـن كـونها خطية. نـقدم تقنية الـوسط التوافقي لحل مسائل البرمجة الكسرية الخطية في هذه الدراسة. الهدف هذه التقنية هو تحويل مسالة البرمجة الكسرية الخطية إلى مسالة برمجة خطية وحـلها جبريًا باستخدام طريقة المبسطة. لتَوضيح تقنيتِنا، استخدمنا مجموعة متنوعة من الأمثلة العددية. يبدو أن هذه التقنية توفر مكاسب حسابية أكثر من تقليل عدد المراحل والجداول.
Sistem Informasi Prediksi Permintaan Kayu dengan Penerapan Metode Winter Exponential Smoothing
Authors: Permana Andre , Thanti Lili
Published: June 2023

Peramalan adalah penggunaan data masa lalu dari sebuah variabel atau kumpulan variabel untuk mengestimasi nilainya di masa yang akan datang. Metode Winter digunakan untuk mengatasi data yang memiliki pengaruh trend dan seasonal (musiman). Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh PT. Putra Gaya Sentosa Pratama merupakan permasalahan pengendalian persediaan barang. Pengendalian persediaan merupakan salah satu masalah penting yang dihadapi oleh suatu perusahaan dan PT. Putra Gaya Sentosa Pratama tidak ada penggunaan metode Winter Exponential Smoothing dalam memprediksi permintaan kayu. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan untuk membuat aplikasi yaitu PHP dan MySQL. Hasil penelitian ini adalah hasil implementasi metode Winter Exponential Smoothing terhadap sistem peramalan permintaan kayu akan memberikan kontribusi penelitian dalam bidang riset operasi dan pengolahan data yang berhubungan dengan peramalan jumlah permintaan kayu. Penentuan nilai peramalan menggunakan metode winter yaitu dengan mengambil nilai aktual empat bulan sebelumnya berdasarkan nilai data riset yang diperoleh, sehingga nilai peramalan yang ditentukan pada bulan kelima berikutnya. Berdasarkan perhitungan diatas maka jumlah peramalan/ estimasi permintaan kayu pada bulan Januari 2022 adalah sebanyak 321.58 Lbr. Jumlah peramalan pada Bulan Januari 2022 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pada bulan sebelumnya yaitu pada Bulan Desember.
Sistem Informasi Prediksi Penjualan Produk Makanan Kalengan Pada PT. Tropical Channing & Frozen Industries menggunakan Metode Winter Exponential Smoothing Berbasis Web
Authors: Gulo Afiliasi , Triandi Budi
Published: June 2023

Setelah pemrosesan produk yang ekstensif, PT. Tropical Channing & Frozen Industries adalah bisnis yang memproduksi, menjual, dan mengirimkan makanan kaleng. Perusahaan mengalami sejumlah masalah, termasuk proses manual yang membuat keuntungan lebih tinggi membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk masuk dan metode input untuk data penjualan produk makanan kaleng yang seringkali tidak sesuai dengan transaksi sebenarnya. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan Winter Exponential Smoothing untuk menghitung perkiraan jumlah penjualan dalam rangka pembuatan sistem baru, salah satu penerapannya adalah untuk meramalkan berapa banyak makanan kaleng yang akan terjual pada periode yang akan datang agar usaha tersebut menghasilkan keuntungan semakin cepat. PT. Tropical Channing & Frozen Industries sering menemui beberapa masalah pencatatan kuantitas penjualan makanan kaleng yang diantisipasi dan penggunaan sistem aplikasi yang relatif sederhana, sehingga proses pengajuan menjadi lama dan laporan yang tidak akurat, sedangkan untuk menghitung data prediksi penjualan produk. Karena butuh waktu lama untuk menyelesaikan tugasnya, makanan kaleng tidak efisien karena masih menggunakan perhitungan sederhana.
Penerapan Sistem K3 Menggunakan Metode Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (HIRA) Pada Bengkel ABC
Authors: Alfikri Rizky , Marwan
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) di Bengkel ABC, (2) mendeskripsikan potensi bahaya penyebab kecelakaan tenaga kerja dalam proses produksi di Bengkel ABC, (3) mendeskripsikan pengendalian risiko terhadap kecelakaan tenaga kerja yang terjadi di Bengkel ABC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment). Pengumpulan data dengan cara kuesioner, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan penerapan sistem K3 belum terlaksana sehingga menimbulkan kecelakaan kerja pada pekerja Bengkel ABC yang memiliki hubungan p > 0,05 yaitu sebesar 94,3%. Terdapat potensi bahaya dilingkungan kerja pada Bengkel ABC yaitu potensi bahaya yang terjadi pada proses pengelasan (asap, percikan api, dan postur tubuh), proses pembubutan (terkena serpihan benda kerja, pekerja tidak konsentrasi, serbuk benda kerja terlilit di pahat saat mesin mesin bubut berputar), dan proses penggrindaan (percikan serbuk gerinda serta pekerja tidak konsentarasi dan tidak hati-hati). Serta pengendalian risiko yaitu pengendalian teknik berupa menambahkan alat bantu yang diperlukan. Kemudian pengendalian administratif berupa pekerja harus lebih berkonsenrasi dan berhati-hati. Selanjutnya penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) berupa menggunakan helm pelindung kepala, face shield, sarung tangan, penutup telinga, sepatu safety, baju kerja, dan masker.
Private Payer and Medicare Coverage Policies for Use of Circulating Tumor DNA Tests in Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment
Authors: Douglas Michael P. , Ragavan Meera V. , Chen Cheng , Kumar Anika , Gray Stacy W. , Blakely Collin M. , Phillips Kathryn A.
Published: June 2023

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is used to select initial targeted therapy, identify mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, and measure minimal residual disease (MRD) after treatment. Our objective was to review private and Medicare coverage policies for ctDNA testing. Methods: Policy Reporter was used to identify coverage policies (as of February 2022) from private payers and Medicare Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) for ctDNA tests. We abstracted data regarding policy existence, ctDNA test coverage, cancer types covered, and clinical indications. Descriptive analyses were performed by payer, clinical indication, and cancer type. Results: A total of 71 of 1,066 total policies met study inclusion criteria, of which 57 were private policies and 14 were Medicare LCDs; 70% of private policies and 100% of Medicare LCDs covered at least one indication. Among 57 private policies, 89% specified a policy for at least 1 clinical indication, with coverage for ctDNA for initial treatment selection most common (69%). Of 40 policies addressing progression, coverage was provided 28% of the time, and of 20 policies addressing MRD, coverage was provided 65% of the time. Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was the cancer type most frequently covered for initial treatment (47%) and progression (60%). Among policies with ctDNA coverage, coverage was restricted to patients without available tissue or in whom biopsy was contraindicated in 91% of policies. MRD was commonly covered for hematologic malignancies (30%) and NSCLC (25%). Of the 14 Medicare LCD policies, 64% provided coverage for initial treatment selection and progression, and 36% for MRD. Conclusions: Some private payers and Medicare LCDs provide coverage for ctDNA testing. Private payers frequently cover testing for initial treatment, especially for NSCLC, when tissue is insufficient or biopsy is contraindicated. Coverage remains variable across payers, clinical indications, and cancer types despite inclusion in clinical guidelines, which could impact delivery of effective cancer care.
NCCN Virtual Policy Summit: Defining the “New Normal” — 2021 and the State of Cancer Care in America Following 2020
Authors: Schatz Alyssa A. , Bandini Lindsey , Carlson Robert W.
Published: June 2023

US healthcare systems have been deeply impacted by significant societal shifts over the past several years. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we interact with healthcare, political narratives have impacted how healthcare is perceived and engaged with by the public, and the United States has become increasingly aware of historic and ongoing racial injustices across all health and social systems. The watershed events experienced during the last several years play a critical role in shaping the future of cancer care for payers, providers, manufacturers, and, most importantly, patients and survivors. To explore these issues, in June 2021 NCCN convened a virtual policy summit: Defining the “New Normal” — 2021 and the State of Cancer Care in America Following 2020. This summit offered the opportunity for a varied group of stakeholders to begin to explore the impact of recent events on the current and future state of oncology in the United States. Topics included the impact of COVID-19 on cancer detection and treatment, the role of innovation in ensuring continuity of care, and efforts to create more equitable systems of care.