bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response Surface Methodology and Its Application in Evaluating Scientific Activities in a Federal University of Technology
Authors: Abullahi U. , Bello A. O. , Usman A. , Akanji O. D. , Adetutu O. M.
Published: January 2023

This paper used a second-order response surface methodology (RSM) to modeled the relationship between some selected university ranking indicators and citation variables. The objectives were to investigate which of the selected indicator(s) are relevant to the number of citations received on publication and obtain the best link function that relate the factors variables to response variable, also check if there exist an interaction effect between the selected ranking indicators. The University ranking indicators used in this paper were sourced from google scholar, research gate, the University repository and through questionnaire. The observations were treated as quasi-experimental designs. The causal effect of Publication was funding, collaboration, human resources, department facility, which were highly significant. Also, the causal effect for Citation were numbers of articles, collaboration, undergraduate and postgraduate project were highly significant and follow second order model with interaction. The obtained model was used to fit possible number of publication and citation () for differently assumed factors and graphical method was used to compare each paired factors to the number of citations on 3D plots. Using contours plot and surface plot highest citation is reached only in department with high production, human resources, funds, facilities and more collaboration. Based on these results, it is recommended that, research collaboration among the university researchers should be highly encourage, and there should be a provision for more facility in the department in other to maximize research output of the departments.
Finite-time Sliding Mode Control for Interval Type-II Markov Jump Systems with Partially Known Transition Probabilities under Dynamic Event-triggered Scheme
Authors: Jiang Jinhua , Luo Mengzhuo , Lin Sisi
Published: January 2023

The issue of finite-time event-triggered sliding mode control (SMC) is investigated for a class of interval type- II fuzzy Markov jump systems with partially known transition probabilities. Firstly, for the sake of saving network resources, a dynamic event-triggered scheme (DETS) is proposed to determine whether to transmit the signal or not. Then, a feasible SMC law is developed that makes the state trajectory of the system reach the specified sliding surface in finite-time. Thereafter, by means of the time partition strategy, sufficient conditions for the system to be bounded in finite-time during the arrival and sliding stages are derived. Additionally, the controller gains are computed by utilizing the linear matrix inequality (LMI) toolbox. Lastly, the advantages of the SMC strategy are verified by simulation products.
A Review on Alcohol Temperance in Health and Disease
Authors: Nwokike M. O. , Ogbonna A. O. , Ezenwaeze M. N. , Anusiem C. A. , Ghasi S. I.
Published: January 2023

There is hardly a disagreement about the dangers of alcoholism ranging from addiction through cardiovascular disorders and cancers to death. But there seem to be conflicting science and sense on the effect of low to moderate intake of alcohol and abstinence in health and disease. Some earlier scientific reports maintain that moderate intake of alcoholic beverages is beneficial to health; seemingly more beneficial than total abstinence from imbibing in the habit. A number of researchers went further to classify the different forms of alcoholic beverages and their effect on health at moderate intake. There exists a near general agreement on the health benefit of taking red wine in moderation; which was attributed to bioflavonoids and antioxidants used in the preparation of red wine and not the alcoholic medium of delivery. This logically suggests that these antioxidants can elicit the same benefit as supplements without alcohol. Individual variations are seen to exist in alcohol intake and handling; and genes can also act differently in people of different races and genders, further influencing whether someone is predisposed to addiction. This review appraises some scientific reports on the intake of alcoholic beverages, with emphasis on low to moderate levels, from limitless resource in all accessible internet databases.
Correlation of Ultrasound Umbilical Venous Blood Flow in Normal Pregnancy with Gestational Age and Foetal Weight
Authors: Kiridi E. K. , Oriji P. C. , Kiridi E. G. E. , Briggs D. C. , Chibundu O. , Ugwoegbu J. U. , Bosrotsi P. Y. , Ubom A. E. , Okechukwu C. , Addah A. O. , Abasi I. J. , Adebawojo T. O. , Adesina A. D.
Published: January 2023

Background: Umbilical venous (UV) blood flow is a direct and physiological measurement of vascular placental function.

Objectives: To correlate UV blood flow with gestational age (GA) and foetal weight (FW) in a cohort of normal pregnant Nigerian women.

Materials and Methods: 2,247 women with normal singleton pregnancy between 20 – 40 weeks were included in this study, which was conducted between May 2020 – October 2022, in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria. The women had ultrasound assessment of UV blood flow and foetal biometric parameters and weight. Data was analysed using SPSS version 25, associations between categorical variables and between categorical and continuous variables were assessed using chi square and t-test, respectively, with p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Correlation analysis was done, and presented in tables and charts.

Results: There was a strong linear correlation between UV blood flow volume and GA (correlation coefficient, ɼ= 0.95; p=0.001), FW (ɼ=0.81; p=0.001), foetal biparietal diameter (BPD) (ɼ=0.88; P=0.001) and abdominal circumference (AC) (ɼ=0.75; P=0.001). Conversely, UV blood flow volume/FW showed a strong inverse relationship with FW (ɼ=- 0.73; p = 0.001), and a weak inverse relationship with GA (ɼ=- 0.36; p = 0.001).

Conclusion: UV blood flow increases with advancing gestation and FW. The increase in UV blood flow in later gestation is however surpassed by the increase in FW, resulting in a reduction in UV blood flow volume per unit FW in the third trimester. The linear increase in UV blood flow volume with foetal BPD and AC suggests that these three parameters could be used in combination to estimate both GA and FW.
O significado político da objetividade do conhecimento e de sua difusão: argumentos contra o negacionismo e o relativismo
Authors: Duarte Newton
Published: January 2023

O artigo argumenta ser necessário que a educação escolar, em seu trabalho de difusão do conhecimento objetivo, supere tanto o negacionismo como o relativismo. Em apoio à tese do significado político do conhecimento objetivo e de sua difusão, o artigo analisa aspectos dos conhecimentos científicos que podem contribuir para o enriquecimento da concepção de mundo dos alunos. A análise desses aspectos apoia-se na tese de que uma tendência existente no desenvolvimento histórico da ciência é a de sua aproximação à filosofia materialista, histórica e dialética. O artigo se posiciona criticamente em relação a três concepções curriculares hegemônicas e, também, à famosa contraposição entre aprendizagem ativa e passiva.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Patients With Multiple Myeloma—A Call for Equal Opportunity
Authors: Goldfinger Mendel , Shah Nishi , Cooper Dennis L.
Published: January 2023

This Viewpoint examines the equity of US Food and Drug Administration approval and the clinical distribution of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for patients with multiple myeloma.
A Case of Multiple Hemorrhagic Friable Nodules
Authors: Diamond Carrie , Al-Rohil Rami N. , Cardones Adela R.
Published: January 2023

A man in his 50s with a history of mycosis fungoides presents with bleeding wounds and nodules on the bilateral hips and forearms. What is your diagnosis?
A redox‐active HybG‐HypD scaffold complex is required for optimal ATPase activity during [NiFe]‐hydrogenase maturation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Haase Alexander , Sawers R. Gary
Published: January 2023

Four Hyp proteins build a scaffold complex upon which the Fe(CN)2CO group of the [NiFe]‐cofactor of hydrogenases (Hyd) is made. Two of these Hyp proteins, the redox‐active, [4Fe‐4S]‐containing HypD protein and the HypC chaperone, form the basis of this scaffold complex. Two different scaffold complexes exist in Escherichia coli, HypCD, and the paralogous HybG‐HypD complex, both of which exhibit ATPase activity. Apart from a Rossmann fold, there is no obvious ATP‐binding site in HypD. The aim of this study, therefore, was to identify amino acid motifs in HypD that are required for the ATPase activity of the HybG‐HypD scaffold complex. Amino acid‐exchange variants in three conserved motifs within HypD were generated. Variants in which individual cysteine residues coordinating the iron–sulfur ([4Fe‐4S]) cluster were exchanged abolished Hyd enzyme activity and reduced ATPase activity but also destabilized the complex. Two conserved cysteine residues, C69 and C72, form part of HypD's Rossmann fold and play a role in HypD's thiol‐disulfide exchange activity. Substitution of these two residues individually with alanine also abolished hydrogenase activity and strongly reduced ATPase activity, particularly the C72A exchange. Residues in a further conserved GFETT motif were exchanged, but neither hydrogenase enzyme activity nor ATPase activity of the isolated HybG‐HypD complexes was significantly affected. Together, our findings identify a strong correlation between the redox activity of HypD, ATPase activity, and the ability of the complex to mature Hyd enzymes. These results further highlight the important role of thiol residues in the HybG‐HypD scaffold complex during [NiFe]‐cofactor biosynthesis.
Primacy and recency effects in task analyses: Preliminary results
Authors: Barnard‐Brak Lucy , Mutua Kagendo , Williamson Amy
Published: January 2023

Performance for three independent living tasks were examined via task analyses. Given the relatively small sample size (n = 56) of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, we simulated 1000 replications based upon observed results using Monte Carlo techniques. The results of the current study suggest that: (1) adaptive behavior was more related to task performance than IQ; and (2) after statistically controlling for adaptive behavior, task performance was influenced by the first step. Task performance appear to be over‐estimated with the inclusion of the first step.
Pushing the Limit of Beetle‐Inspired Condensation on Biphilic Quasi‐Liquid Surfaces
Authors: Boylan Dylan , Monga Deepak , Shan Li , Guo Zongqi , Dai Xianming
Published: January 2023

Massive studies concern the development of low‐carbon water and energy systems. Specifically, surfaces with special wettability to promote vapor‐to‐liquid condensation have been widely studied, but current solutions suffer from poor heat transfer performances due to inefficient droplet removal. In this study, the limit of condensation on a beetle‐inspired biphilic quasi‐liquid surface (QLS) in a steam environment is pushed, which provides a heat flux 100 times higher than that in atmospheric condensation. Unlike the beetle‐inspired surfaces that have sticky hydrophilic domains, the biphilic QLS consists of PEGylated and siloxane polymers as hydrophilic and hydrophobic quasi‐liquid patterns with the contact angle hysteresis of 3° and 1°, respectively. More importantly, each hydrophilic slippery pattern behaves like a slippery bridge that accelerates droplet coalescence and removal. As a result, the condensed droplets grow rapidly and shed off. It is demonstrated that the biphilic‐striped QLS shows a 60% higher water harvesting rate in atmospheric condensation and a 170% higher heat transfer coefficient in steam condensation than the conventional beetle‐inspired surface. This study provides a new paradigm to push the limit of condensation heat transfer at a high heat flux, which sheds light on the next‐generation surface design for water and energy sustainability.
Smart Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Gu Zhanghao , Wang Jiayi , Fu Yu , Pan Hao , He Hongyan , Gan Qi , Liu Changsheng
Published: January 2023

Articular cartilage defects bring about disability and worldwide socioeconomic loss, therefore, articular cartilage repair and regeneration is recognized as a global issue. However, due to its avascular and nearly acellular characteristic, cartilage tissue regeneration ability is limited to some extent. Despite the availability of various treatment methods, including palliative drugs and surgical regenerative therapy, articular cartilage repair and regeneration still face major challenges due to the lack of appropriate methods and materials. Smart biomaterials can regulate cell behavior and provide excellent tissue repair and regeneration microenvironment, thus inducing articular cartilage repair and regeneration. This process is adjusted by controlling drug/bioactive factors release via responding to exogenous/endogenous stimuli, tailoring materials’ structure and function similar to native cartilage or providing physiochemical and physical signaling factors. Herein, smart biomaterials, recently applied in articular cartilage repair and regeneration, are elaborated from two aspects: smart drug release system and smart scaffolds. Furthermore, articular cartilage and its defects and advanced manufacturing techniques of smart biomaterials are discussed in brief. Finally, perspectives for smart biomaterials used in articular cartilage repair and regeneration are presented and the clinical translation of smart biomaterials is emphasized.
Preparation of 2D Polyaniline/MoO3−x Superlattice Nanosheets via Intercalation‐Induced Morphological Transformation for Efficient Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Hu Tingting , Xue Baoli , Meng Fanqi , Ma Lu , Du Yonghua , Yu Shilong , Ye Ruquan , Li Hai , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Zhou Zhan , Liang Ruizheng , Tan Chaoliang
Published: January 2023

Organic intercalation of layered nanomaterials is an attractive strategy to fabricate organic/inorganic superlattices for a wide range of promising applications. However, the synthesis of 2D organic/inorganic superlattice nanosheets remains a big challenge. Herein, the preparation of 2D polyaniline/MoO3−x (PANI/MoO3−x) superlattice nanosheets via intercalation‐induced morphological transformation from MoO3 nanobelts, as efficient Fenton‐like reagents for chemodynamic therapy (CDT), is reported. Micrometer‐long MoO3 nanobelts are co‐intercalated with Na+/H2O followed by the guest exchange with aniline monomer for in situ polymerization to obtain PANI/MoO3−x nanosheets. Intriguingly, the PANI intercalation can induce the morphological transformation from long MoO3 nanobelts to 2D PANI/MoO3−x nanosheets along with the partial reduction of Mo6+ to Mo5+, and generation of rich oxygen vacancies. More importantly, thanks to the PANI intercalation‐induced activation, the PANI/MoO3−x nanosheets exhibit excellent Fenton‐like catalytic activity for generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) by decomposing H2O2 compared with the MoO3 nanobelts. It is speculated that the good conductivity of PANI can facilitate electron transport during the Fenton‐like reaction, thereby enhancing the efficiency of CDT. Thus, the polyvinylpyrrolidone‐modified PANI/MoO3−x nanosheets can function as Fenton‐like reagents for highly efficient CDT to kill cancer cells and eradicate tumors.
Printing on Particles: Combining Two‐Photon Nanolithography and Capillary Assembly to Fabricate Multimaterial Microstructures
Authors: van Kesteren Steven , Shen Xueting , Aldeghi Michele , Isa Lucio
Published: January 2023

Additive manufacturing at the micro‐ and nanoscale has seen a recent upsurge to suit an increasing demand for more elaborate structures. However, the integration of multiple distinct materials at small scales remains challenging. To this end, capillarity‐assisted particle assembly (CAPA) and two‐photon polymerization direct laser writing (2PP‐DLW) are combined to realize a new class of multimaterial microstructures. 2PP‐DLW and CAPA both are used to fabricate 3D templates to guide the CAPA of soft‐ and hard colloids, and to link well‐defined arrangements of functional microparticle arrays produced by CAPA, a process that is termed “printing on particles.” The printing process uses automated particle recognition algorithms to connect colloids into 1D, 2D, and 3D tailored structures, via rigid, soft, or responsive polymer links. Once printed and developed, the structures can be easily re‐dispersed in water. Particle clusters and lattices of varying symmetry and composition are reported, together with thermoresponsive microactuators, and magnetically driven “micromachines”, which can efficiently move, capture, and release DNA‐coated particles in solution. The flexibility of this method allows the combination of a wide range of functional materials into complex structures, which will boost the realization of new systems and devices for numerous fields, including microrobotics, micromanipulation, and metamaterials.
Heterogeneous Structure Omnidirectional Strain Sensor Arrays With Cognitively Learned Neural Networks
Authors: Lee Jun Ho , Kim Seong Hyun , Heo Jae Sang , Kwak Jee Young , Park Chan Woo , Kim Insoo , Lee Minhyeok , Park Ho‐Hyun , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Lee Su Jae , Park Sung Kyu
Published: January 2023

Mechanically stretchable strain sensors gain tremendous attention for bioinspired skin sensation systems and artificially intelligent tactile sensors. However, high‐accuracy detection of both strain intensity and direction with simple device/array structures is still insufficient. To overcome this limitation, an omnidirectional strain perception platform utilizing a stretchable strain sensor array with triangular‐sensor‐assembly (three sensors tilted by 45°) coupled with machine learning (ML) ‐based neural network classification algorithm, is proposed. The strain sensor, which is constructed with strain‐insensitive electrode regions and strain‐sensitive channel region, can minimize the undesirable electrical intrusion from the electrodes by strain, leading to a heterogeneous surface structure for more reliable strain sensing characteristics. The strain sensor exhibits decent sensitivity with gauge factor (GF) of ≈8, a moderate sensing range (≈0–35%), and relatively good reliability (3000 stretching cycles). More importantly, by employing a multiclass–multioutput behavior‐learned cognition algorithm, the stretchable sensor array with triangular‐sensor‐assembly exhibits highly accurate recognition of both direction and intensity of an arbitrary strain by interpretating the correlated signals from the three‐unit sensors. The omnidirectional strain perception platform with its neural network algorithm exhibits overall strain intensity and direction accuracy around 98% ± 2% over a strain range of ≈0–30% in various surface stimuli environments.
Mace‐Like Plasmonic Au‐Pd Heterostructures Boost Near‐Infrared Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Feng Yanlin , Ning Xin , Wang Jianlin , Wen Zhaoyang , Cao Fangfang , You Qing , Zou Jianhua , Zhou Xin , Sun Teng , Cao Jimin , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: January 2023

Photoimmunotherapy, with spatiotemporal precision and noninvasive property, has provided a novel targeted therapeutic strategy for highly malignant triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, their therapeutic effect is severely restricted by the insufficient generation of tumor antigens and the weak activation of immune response, which is caused by the limited tissue penetration of light and complex immunosuppressive microenvironment. To improve the outcomes, herein, mace‐like plasmonic AuPd heterostructures (Au Pd HSs) have been fabricated to boost near‐infrared (NIR) photoimmunotherapy. The plasmonic Au Pd HSs exhibit strong photothermal and photodynamic effects under NIR light irradiation, effectively triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD) to activate the immune response. Meanwhile, the spiky surface of Au Pd HSs can also stimulate the maturation of DCs to present these antigens, amplifying the immune response. Ultimately, combining with anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 (α‐PD‐L1) will further reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhance the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), not only eradicating primary TNBC but also completely inhibiting mimetic metastatic TNBC. Overall, the current study opens a new path for the treatment of TNBC through immunotherapy by integrating nanotopology and plasmonic performance.
Nanoreporter for Real‐Time Monitoring of Inflammasome Activity and Targeted Therapy
Authors: Nandi Dipika , Forster James , Ramesh Anujan , Nguyen Anh , Bharadwaj Hariharan , Kulkarni Ashish
Published: January 2023

Inflammasome activation is associated with a myriad of inflammatory diseases. However, existing methods provides a limited understanding of spatiotemporal kinetics of inflammasome activation, with restricted scope for early detection of associated treatment efficacy. This limitation offers an opportunity for the development of biocompatible in‐vivo inflammasome monitoring tools with translational prospects. To achieve this, they report developing a pair of lipid‐based nanoparticle systems, a reporter nanoparticle consisting of a caspase‐1 activatable probe alone, and a theranostic nanoparticle combining the probe with an inflammasome‐inhibiting drug. This biocompatible platform enhances the probe's residence time in circulation by preventing its opsonization and allowing its sustained release over time. Their results demonstrate the specificity of reporter nanoparticles towards caspase‐1 activity and provides early‐on monitoring of inflammasome activation both in‐vitro as well as in‐vivo. Additionally, the delivery of disulfiram, an inflammasome‐inhibiting drug, along with reporter probe using theranostic nanoparticles enables real‐time tracking of treatment efficacy in the gouty‐arthritis inflammatory model. In summary, they report an unparalleled pair of the inflammasome‐associated reporter and theranostic platforms suited not only for diagnostic applications but can also detect inflammasome‐targeted treatment efficiency in real‐time. These findings establish two novel, sensitive nanotools for non‐invasive evaluation of inflammasome‐targeted immunotherapy.
Steering Stem Cell Fate within 3D Living Composite Tissues Using Stimuli‐Responsive Cell‐Adhesive Micromaterials
Authors: Kamperman Tom , Willemen Niels G. A. , Kelder Cindy , Koerselman Michelle , Becker Malin , Lins Luanda , Johnbosco Castro , Karperien Marcel , Leijten Jeroen
Published: January 2023

Engineered living microtissues such as cellular spheroids and organoids have enormous potential for the study and regeneration of tissues and organs. Microtissues are typically engineered via self‐assembly of adherent cells into cellular spheroids, which are characterized by little to no cell–material interactions. Consequently, 3D microtissue models currently lack structural biomechanical and biochemical control over their internal microenvironment resulting in suboptimal functional performance such as limited stem cell differentiation potential. Here, this work report on stimuli‐responsive cell‐adhesive micromaterials (SCMs) that can self‐assemble with cells into 3D living composite microtissues through integrin binding, even under serum‐free conditions. It is demonstrated that SCMs homogeneously distribute within engineered microtissues and act as biomechanically and biochemically tunable designer materials that can alter the composite tissue microenvironment on demand. Specifically, cell behavior is controlled based on the size, stiffness, number ratio, and biofunctionalization of SCMs in a temporal manner via orthogonal secondary crosslinking strategies. Photo‐based mechanical tuning of SCMs reveals early onset stiffness‐controlled lineage commitment of differentiating stem cell spheroids. In contrast to conventional encapsulation of stem cell spheroids within bulk hydrogel, incorporating cell‐sized SCMs within stem cell spheroids uniquely provides biomechanical cues throughout the composite microtissues’ volume, which is demonstrated to be essential for osteogenic differentiation.
Emerging Epigenetic‐Based Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy: Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Huang Leaf , Ge Guangbo , Hu Kaili
Published: January 2023

Dysregulated epigenetic modifications dynamically drive the abnormal transcription process to affect the tumor microenvironment; thus, promoting cancer progression, drug resistance, and metastasis. Nowadays, therapies targeting epigenetic dysregulation of tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment appear to be promising adjuncts to other cancer therapies. However, the clinical results of combination therapies containing epigenetic agents are disappointing due to systemic toxicities and limited curative effects. Here, the role of epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation, post‐translational modification of histones, and noncoding RNAs is discussed, followed by detailed descriptions of epigenetic regulation of the tumor microenvironment, as well as the application of epigenetic modulators in antitumor therapy, with an emphasis on the epigenetic‐based advanced drug delivery system in targeting the tumor microenvironment.
Synergistic Approach toward Developing Highly Compatible Garnet‐Liquid Electrolyte Interphase in Hybrid Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Sarkar Subhajit , Chen Bowen , Zhou Chengtian , Shirazi Shahram Nouri , Langer Frederieke , Schwenzel Julian , Thangadurai Venkataraman
Published: January 2023

The hybrid solid‐liquid electrolyte concept is one of the best approaches for counteracting the interface problems between solid electrolytes and Li anodes/cathodes. However, a solid‐liquid electrolyte layer forming at the interfaces degrades battery capacity and power during a longer cycle due to highly reactive chemical and electrochemical reactions. To solve this problem in the present study, a synthetic approach is demonstrated by combining AlCl3 Lewis acid and fluoroethylene carbonate as additives in a conventional LiPF6‐containing carbonate‐based electrolyte. This electrolyte design triggers the fluoroethylene carbonate polymerization by AlCl3 addition and can also form a mechanically robust and ionically conductive Al‐rich interphase on the surface of Li7La2.75Ba0.25Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 garnet‐type structured solid electrolytes, Li anodes and LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathodes. Benefitting from this approach, the assembled Li symmetric cell exhibits a remarkably high critical current density of 4.2 mA cm−2, and stable long‐term cycling over 3000 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 at 25 °C. The assembled hybrid full cell shows an impressive specific capacity retention of 92.2% at 1 C till 200 cycles. This work opens a new direction in developing safe, long‐lasting, and high‐energy hybrid solid‐state lithium‐metal batteries.
Stimulating and harnessing circularly polarized luminescence of helically assembled carbonized polymer dots via interfacial dynamics
Authors: Lin Jiaying , Liu Rulin , Chen Peixian , Lv Yangfei , Hao Junjie , Chen Meijuan , Zhang Dongxiang , Pan Ruikun , Li Yiwen , Zhu Xi , He Tingchao , Cheng Jiaji
Published: January 2023

Stimulating and harnessing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is not only a sine qua non for fundamentally unveiling chirogenesis in physical chemistry, but also a pivotal prerequisite for implementation of such phenomenon in research fields including chiral optoelectronics and theranostics. Herein, red‐emissive carbonized polymer dots (CPDs)‐based helical structures were synthesized in this work via biomolecule‐tailored organic–inorganic co‐assembly strategy. The surface states‐related chirality exhibits enhanced circular dichroism (CD) and CPL activities with anisotropic factors as high as gCD,max = 5.4 × 10−3 and glum,max = 1.5 × 10−2, respectively. The obtained CPL signals can be further manipulated in an excitation‐dependent manner, indicating that a synergistic‐competition phenomenon exists between configurational chirality and intermolecular energy‐transfer dynamics, which is further supported by simulations based on density function theory (DFT). Such tunable CPL behavior triggers revolutionary designs and applications of these chiral CPDs into the realm of chirality‐related biological issues and next‐generation chiral optoelectronics.
Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, not otherwise specified: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Patnaik Mrinal M. , Tefferi Ayalew
Published: January 2023

Disease Overview

Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML) and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative (MDS/MPN) neoplasms, not otherwise specified (NOS), are MDS/MPN overlap neoplasms characterized by leukocytosis, in the absence of monocytosis and eosinophilia, with <20% blasts in the blood and bone marrow.

Diagnosis

aCML, previously known as aCML, BCR::ABL1 negative, was renamed as aCML by the ICC classification, and as MDS/MPN with neutrophilia by the 5th edition of the WHO classification. This entity is characterized by dysplastic neutrophilia with immature myeloid cells comprising ≥10% of the white blood cell count, with prominent dysgranulopoiesis. MDS/MPN‐NOS consists of MDS/MPN overlap neoplasms not meeting criteria for defined categories such as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), MDS/MPN‐ring sideroblasts‐thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN‐RS‐T), and aCML.

Mutations and Karyotype

Cytogenetic abnormalities are seen in 40–50% of patients in both categories. In aCML, somatic mutations commonly encountered include ASXL1, SETBP1, ETNK1, and EZH2 whereas MDS/MPN‐NOS can be further stratified by mutational profiles into CMML‐like, MDS/MPN‐RS‐T‐like, aCML‐like, TP35‐mutated, and “others”, respectively.

Risk Stratification

The Mayo Clinic aCML model stratifies patients based on age >67 years, hemoglobin <10 g/dl, and the presence of TET2 mutations into low‐risk (0–1 points) and high‐risk (>2 points) groups, with median survivals of 18 and 7 months, respectively. MDS/MPN‐NOS patients have traditionally been risk stratified using MDS risk models such as IPSS and IPSS‐R.

Treatment

Leukocytosis and anemia are managed like lower risk MPN and MDS. DNMT inhibitors have been used in both entities with suboptimal response rates. Allogeneic stem cell transplant remains the only curative strategy but is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Direct Deprotonative Functionalization of α,α‐Difluoromethyl Ketones using a Catalytic Organosuperbase
Authors: Messara Amélia , Panossian Armen , Mikami Koichi , Hanquet Gilles , Leroux Frédéric R.
Published: January 2023

The deprotonative functionalization of α,α‐difluoromethyl ketones is described herein. Using a catalytic organosuperbase and a silane additive, the corresponding difluoroenolate could be generated and trapped with aldehydes to deliver various α,α‐difluoro‐β‐hydroxy ketones in high yields. This new strategy tolerates numerous functional groups and represents the access to the difluoroenolate by direct deprotonation of the difluoromethyl unit. The diastereoselective version of the reaction was also investigated withd.r. up to 93 : 7. Several transformations were performed to demonstrate the synthetic potential of these α,α‐difluoro‐β‐hydroxy ketones. In addition, this method has been extended to the use of other electrophiles such as imines and chalcogen derivatives, and a difluoromethyl sulfoxide as nucleophile, thus leading to a diversity of difluoromethylene compounds.
Intense d‐p Hybridization in Nb3O15 Tripolymer Induced the Largest Second Harmonic Generation Response and Birefringence in Germanates
Authors: Chen Kaichuang , Lin Chensheng , Chen Jindong , Yang Guangsai , Tian Haotian , Luo Min , Yan Tao , Hu Zhanggui , Wang Jiyang , Wu Yicheng , Ye Ning , Peng Guang
Published: January 2023

We herein report two asymmetric germanate crystals, KNbGe3O9 and K3Nb3Ge2O13, with different structures and optical properties derived from divergent polymerized forms of GeO4 and NbO6 groups. Remarkably, K3Nb3Ge2O13 achieved a rare combination of the strongest second harmonic generation (SHG) response of 17.5×KDP @ 1064 nm and the largest birefringence of 0.196 @ 546 nm in germanates. It features unique [Nb3O12]∞ tubular chains constructed by circular Nb3O15 tripolymers. Theoretical calculations reveal that the d‐p interactions in the Nb3O15 group are responsible for outstanding optical properties. This work emphasizes the significance of the polymerizable functional units in obtaining high‐performance nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals.
Novel eugenol‐based antimicrobial coatings on aluminium substrates for food packaging applications
Authors: Orlo Elena , Stanzione Mariamelia , Lavorgna Margherita , Isidori Marina , Ruffolo Aldo , Sinagra Ciro , Buonocore Giovanna G. , Lavorgna Marino
Published: January 2023

Active packaging systems, interacting directly with the enclosed food, can delay or inhibit those phenomena responsible for food quality decay, contributing to the food shelf‐life extension. In this work a vinyl resin‐based coating containing free or loaded eugenol (EG) in Santa Barbara Amorphous (SBA)15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles is designed to coat flexible aluminium foils to obtain an antimicrobial material. Thermogravimetric analysis shows a good loading capacity of eugenol in SBA15 (48% wt/wt). SEM analysis shows a good dispersion of free EG in the hosting polymeric matrix, whereas some EG/SBA15 particles aggregations are observed in the material. Water contact angle highlights a higher hydrophobicity of the eugenol based‐materials (>90°) compared to the pristine vinyl coating (85°). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy highlights no corrosion phenomena of the VIN/5%(EG/SBA15EG) coating and corrosion phenomena of the VIN/5%EG coating after 7 days of exposure to lactic acid pH = 4. Finally, the two active coatings are studied to evaluate their antibacterial activity using the ISO 22196. Interestingly, results demonstrate that when eugenol is loaded in the SBA15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles the antimicrobial activity of the material significantly increases against both foodborne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria, achieving the highest microbial growth reduction on S. aureus (R = 3.62 log).
Sustainable synthesis of hierarchically grown chloramphenicol‐imprinted poly(caffeic acid) nanostructured films
Authors: Suriyanarayanan Subramanian , Kandregula Ganapathi Rao , Ramanujam Kothandaraman , Nicholls Ian A.
Published: January 2023

Hierarchically nanostructured chloramphenicol (CLP) imprinted thin polymer films have been developed using a renewable monomer, the antioxidant caffeic acid (CA), using sacrificial nanostructures to induce porosity into the films. The poly(caffeic acid) (PCA) films were synthesized on Au/quartz resonators via greener polymerization conditions (clean energy electropolymerization in aqueous buffer or a non‐ionic deep eutectic solvent). The sacrificial nanostructures explored included zein‐based protein nanobeads, anodized alumina membrane, and Tween 20‐derived polysorbate micelles, where dissolution of the sacrificial nanostructure templates from the PCA films afforded uniform long‐range hyperporous networks, nanowires and nanoparticles, respectively, as revealed by SEM studies. Selective extraction of the CLP template from PCA films, was monitored by XPS, and afforded CLP selective cavities. The CLP‐imprinted PCAzein films demonstrated eight‐ to 25‐fold higher sensitivity than the other nanostructures in a QCM‐sensor format, the limit of detection (LOD) under optimized FIA conditions was 50 mM. Significant sensitivities for CLP in milk were observed (1.5 μg/ml to 3 mg/ml), covering the clinically relevant concentration range. The PCAzein thin films selectively differentiate CLP from structurally related antibiotics and are robust. Their production from renewable feedstocks of biological origin highlights the potential of this class of nanostructured materials for applications utilizing thin films.
Robust anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol/glass fiber composites fabricated via hydrogen bonding interactions and freezing–thawing under stretching
Authors: Zuo Xiaoshuang , Ye Shan , Ejeromedoghene Onome , Wang Bin , Cui Bingbing , Fu Guodong
Published: January 2023

Fabrication of composites with hierarchically anisotropic structure and excellent mechanical properties is still challenging. Inspired by biological tissues with excellent anisotropic microstructure, in this study, a simple method for preparing robust anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol/glass fiber (PVA/GFs) composites with superior mechanical properties was proposed, which based on hydrogen bonding interactions and freeze–thaw method under tensile conditions. Surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) was applied for grafting polymers onto the glass fiber. The glass fibers grafted with polymers (GFs) were introduced into PVA. After that, the freeze–thaw method under tensile conditions was adopted to control the formation of hierarchically anisotropic structure, which composed of anisotropic polymer network and orderly aligned glass fibers. The results also showed that the strength and toughness of the composites were significantly improved, due to the interfacial hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA and GFs. Therefore, this study could provide a meaningful idea for preparing anisotropic biomaterials with prominent properties for artificial tissues.
Identification of microplastic pathways within a typical European urban wastewater system
Authors: Altmann Korinna , Goedecke Caroline , Bannick Claus‐Gerhard , Abusafia Attaallah , Scheid Christian , Steinmetz Heidrun , Paul Andrea , Beleites Claudia , Braun Ulrike
Published: January 2023

In recent years, thermoextraction/desorption‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TED‐GC/MS) has been developed as a rapid detection method for the determination of microplastics (MP) mass contents in numerous environmentally relevant matrices and, in particular, for the measurement of polymers in water samples without time‐consuming sample preparation. The TED‐GC/MS method was applied to investigate a typical European municipal wastewater system for possible MP masses. Such investigations are important in view of the recent revision of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive. Four different representative sampling sites were selected: greywater (domestic wastewater without toilet), combined sewer, and influent and effluent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). All samples were collected by fractional filtration. Filtration was carried out over mesh sizes of 500, 100, 50, and in some cases, 5 µm. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) were detected in all samples, with the PE fraction dominating in all cases. Styrene‐butadiene rubber which serves as an indication of tire abrasion, was only found in the influent of the WWTP. The highest MP mass contents were found in the combined sewer, so MP can become a source of pollution during heavy rain events when the capacity limits of the effluent are reached, and the polluted effluent is released uncontrolled into the environment. Based on the studies, MP retention from the WWTP could be estimated to be approximately 96%. Few trends in polymer type or mass contents were detected within the different fractions of the samples or when comparing samples to each other.
The ecosystem services concept in freshwater conservation and restoration
Authors: Dai Yanran , Wu Juan , Yang Qiang , Cheng Shuiping , Liang Wei , Hein Thomas
Published: January 2023

Intense efforts have focused on ecosystem conservation and restoration (ECR) over the past decades, promoting considerable advances in science and practice in this field. However, the applications of the ecosystem services (ESs) concept are rarely considered in the literature when assessing the success and targets of ECR.

The ECR literature was systematically reviewed to analyse the relevance of the ES concept in ECR research published from 2007 to 2019 and to assess how the ES concept is integrated into freshwater ECR.

In general, the number of publications focusing on ECR and ESs shows a temporal increase (from 12 to 101 publications, 685 in total). The proportion of publications considering ESs as freshwater ECR targets increased from 33 to 70% until 2019, while the proportion of publications that prioritized ecosystem processes and functions as the target declined from 33 to 16%. Despite the clear upward trend, most studies have focused only on the conceptual framework. In addition, the idea of using market‐based approaches for ESs has spread quickly, but it has still not been broadly accepted.

The number of academic researchers who have contributed to this research field varies substantially across different countries. A country's economic conditions and the extent of freshwater withdrawal can affect efforts devoted to studies on freshwater ECR and ESs. Some ecosystems, such as rivers and wetlands, have attracted much more attention than others. Although most studies have discussed ESs in general, the provisioning and regulation of ESs are mainly considered in studies that differentiate specific ES categories.

Current limitations in applying the ES concept in ECR across different studies suggest that further collaboration is needed among ecologists, practitioners, stakeholders and policy‐makers to develop a broad mix of approaches for the best and widest use of the ES concept in protecting and enhancing freshwater ecosystems.
D0 meson production in high‐energy pp collisions based on dipole transverse momentum approach
Authors: dos Santos Gláuber S. , da Silveira Gustavo Gil , Machado Magno V. T.
Published: January 2023

By employing the color dipole approach in the momentum representation taking into account the nonlinear behavior of the QCD dynamics, we make predictions for the D‐meson differential cross‐section in terms of the transverse momentum and rapidity distributions considering pp collisions at the LHC. Moreover, a comparison between our results and the corresponding experimental measurements provided by the ALICE and LHCb experiments in different rapidity bins is performed.
Concluding remarks to the IWARA 2022
Authors: Horvath Jorge E.
Published: January 2023

On its 10th edition, we provide some Concluding Remarks to the IWARA Workshop with highlights and comments meant to enrich and give a context to the oral scientific presentations.
A prognostic nomogram based on risk assessment for invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast after surgery
Authors: Chen Yuyuan , Yu Caixian , Chen Dedian , Tang Yiyin , Zhu Keying , Guo Rong , Huang Sheng , Li Zheng , Cen Lvjun
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is one of the rare subtypes of breast cancer. This study aimed to explore a predictive nomogram model for IMPC prognosis.

Methods

A total of 1855 IMPC patients diagnosed after surgery between 2004 and 2014 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to build and validate nomogram. A nomogram was created based on univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to demonstrate the accuracy of the prognostic model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the safety of the model in the range of clinical applications, while calibration curves were used to validate the prediction consistency.

Results

Cox regression analysis indicated that age ≥62 at diagnosis, negative ER status, and tumor stage were considered adverse independent factors for overall survival (OS), while patients who were married, white or of other races, received chemotherapy or radiotherapy, had a better postoperative prognosis. The nomogram accurately predicted OS with high internal and external validation consistency index (C index) (0.756 and 0.742, respectively). The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the training group were 0.787, 0.774 and 0.764 for 3, 5 and 10 years, respectively, while those of the validation group were 0.756, 0.766 and 0.762, respectively. The results of both DCA and calibration curves demonstrated the good performance of the model.

Conclusions

A nomogram for IMPC of the breast patients after surgery was developed to estimate 3, 5 and 10 years—OS based on independent risk factors. This model has good accuracy and consistency in predicting prognosis and has clinical application value.
Integration of LC/MS, NMR and Molecular Docking for Profiling of Bioactive Diterpenes from Euphorbia mauritanica L. with in Vitro Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Activity
Authors: Essa Ahmed F. , El‐Hawary Seham S. , Kubacy Tahia M. , El‐Din A. M. El‐Khrisy Ezz , El‐Desoky Ahmed H. , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. , Younis Inas Y.
Published: January 2023

In spite of tremendous efforts exerted in the management of COVID‐19, the absence of specific treatments and the prevalence of delayed and long‐term complications termed post‐COVID syndrome still urged all concerned researchers to develop a potent inhibitor of SARS‐Cov‐2. The hydromethanolic extracts of different parts of E. mauritanica were in vitro screened for anti‐SARS‐Cov‐2 activity. Then, using an integrated strategy of LC/MS/MS, molecular networking and NMR, the chemical profile of the active extract was determined. To determine the optimum target for these compounds, docking experiments of the active extract's identified compounds were conducted at several viral targets. The leaves extract showed the best inhibitory effect with IC50 8.231±0.04 μg/ml. The jatrophane diterpenes were provisionally annotated as the primary metabolites of the bioactive leaves extract based on multiplex of LC/MS/MS, molecular network, and NMR. In silico studies revealed the potentiality of the compounds in the most active extract to 3CLpro, where compound 20 showed the best binding affinity. Further attention should be paid to the isolation of various jatrophane diterpenes from Euphorbia and evaluating their effects on SARS‐Cov‐2 and its molecular targets.
Deciphering Electronic and Structural Effects in Copper Corrole/Graphene Hybrids**
Authors: Wrighton‐Araneda Kerry , Cortés‐Arriagada Diego , Dreyse Paulina , Pascal Simon , Canard Gabriel , Sanhueza Luis
Published: January 2023

Non‐covalent hybrid materials based on graphene and A3‐type copper corrole complexes were computationally investigated. The corroles complexes contain strong electron‐withdrawing fluorinated substituents at the meso positions. Our results show that the non‐innocent character of corrole moiety modulates the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties once the hybrid systems are held. The graphene‐corrole hybrids displayed outstanding stability via the interplay of dispersion and electrostatic driving forces, while graphene act as an electron reservoir. The hybrid structures exposed an intriguing magneto‐chemical performance, compared to the isolated counterparts, that evidenced how structural and electronic effects contributed to the magnetic response for both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic cases. Directional spin polarization and spin transfer from the corrole to the graphene surface participate in the amplification. Finally, there are relations between the spin transfer, the magnetic response, and the copper distorted ligand field, offering exciting hints about modulating the magnetic response. Therefore, this work shows that copper corroles emerged as versatile building blocks for graphene hybrid materials, especially in applications requiring a magnetic response.