bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Animal Rights Activism and Animal Welfare Concerns in the Academic Setting: Levels of Activism and the Perceived Importance of Research with Animals
Authors: Compton David M. , Dietrich Kerri L. , Smith Jeff S. , Johnson Summer D.
Published: August 2011

Past research suggests that public support for the use of animal models as means to improve the human condition is present but many individuals have expressed ambivalence. In the present study, various sectors of the academic community (students and faculty) as well as the general population, were surveyed to assess their positions on the need for, and value of animal research, the value of psychological research in which animals are employed, and the respondents' consummatory habits. The results suggested that more information needs to be provided about the role of animal experimentation, including a discussion of the benefits produced by using animals to answer psychological questions.
Some Comments on the Gough Socialization Scale
Authors: Eysenck H. J.
Published: August 2011

It is suggested that Gough may have underestimated the evidence relating to racial differences on his socialization scale and its heritability.
Belief in Lunar Effects on Human Behavior
Authors: Vance David E.
Published: August 2011

Questionnaires sent to 325 people indicated that 140 people (43%) held the personal belief that lunar phenomena alter individual behavior. Specifically, mental health professionals (social workers, master's clinical psychologists, nurses' aides, LPNs) held this belief more strongly than other occupational groups.
Strategies for Maintaining Relationships and Self-Rated Competence in Ongoing Relationships
Authors: Prisbell Marshall
Published: August 2011

Examined in this study was the association of use of strategies to maintain relationships and self-rated competence. The strategies of positivity, social networks, and sharing tasks were predictors of social confirmation and social composure for 70 male and 110 female undergraduate students.
A Quick Screening Test of Competency to Stand Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation
Authors: Smith Stuart A. , Hudson Robert L.
Published: August 2011

19 terms and concepts from evaluations of competency to stand trial of 55 defendants with mental retardation were rated to examine whether a quick screening test could be devised that would differentiate those who were judged competent or not competent. A multiple regression and discriminant analysis gave four items that yielded maximum predictability ( R = .84): court strategy, plead, testify, and jury. Guilty, trial, and prosecutor were also significantly more difficult for those who were not competent than those who were.
Relationship of Voters' Turnout to Indices of Social Distress
Authors: Joubert Charles E.
Published: August 2011

50 states' voter turnout in presidential elections, 1980–1992, was correlated with two of five measures of social distress, suggesting more situationally immediate determinants affect voters' turnout.
Verification and Commitment in Marital Relationships: An Exploration of Self-Verification Theory in Community College Students
Authors: Ritts Vicki , Stein James R.
Published: August 2011

Of 60 married couples, 22 to 55 years of age, 9-point ratings of each other on the Self-attributes Questionnaire showed 33 with negative self-views were rated more negatively by their spouses than 15 with moderate self-concepts and 12 with positive self-concepts. Those rated negatively by spouses were more committed to the relationships with their partners as were those with positive self-concepts so endorsed by their partners. Self-verification was positively associated with commitment.
Normative Data for Adults on a Short Form of the Selective Reminding Test
Authors: Ehrenreich John H.
Published: August 2011

A 6-trial version of the verbal Selective Reminding Test was administered to 56 adults, ages 18 to 58 years, with no prior neurological or psychiatric history. Norms are reported for all scores generated by the test.
Relationships between Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance
Authors: Petty M. M. , Beadles N. A. , Chapman Deborah F. , Lowery Christopher M. , Connell David W.
Published: August 2011

Data on measures of organizational culture and organizational performance were collected at two different points in time from a sample of 12 organizations of a firm in the electric utility industry. Pearson correlations indicated measures of organizational culture were significantly related to objective measures of performance. Teamwork was strongly associated with organizational performance. If measures of organizational culture could be integrated into the reward system, managers might pay more attention to improving organizational culture and thereby improve organizational performance.
Systematic Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Cognition Checklist with College Students
Authors: Osman Augustine , Besett Tricia M. , Osman Joylene R. , Troutman Josh A. , Grittmann Lee
Published: August 2011

This study included revision and systematic examination of the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Cognition Checklist. Two separate samples of college undergraduates participated. Analysis showed that all the models reported previously in the literature fitted the data poorly for Sample 1 ( n = 220). Principal components and maximum likelihood exploratory analyses of the responses of the 220 students yielded two moderately correlated factors. Using data from Sample 2 ( n = 288), LISREL confirmatory factor analyses showed that the two-factor oblique model provided adequate fit to the observed data. Estimates of internal consistency were .88 and .71. Preliminary normative, convergent, and divergent validity data are reported. In addition, directions for research are discussed.
Age Differences and the Interstimulus Interval Context in Long-Delay Taste-Aversion Conditioning of Rats
Authors: Hinderliter Charles F. , Misanin James R.
Published: August 2011

Young-adult and old-adult rats were allowed to remain in the conditioning context or were returned to their home cages during a 3-hr. interval to assess whether previously observed age differences in long-delay taste-aversion conditioning may be due to age differences in the use of home-cage cues to mediate the CS-US association over a long delay. The old adults but not the young adults showed an aversion irrespective of the context in which they were detained during the interstimulus interval. These results suggest that young-adult rats do not use the interstimulus context cues to mediate the association over a delay interval. They suggest, rather, that context cues, which are more contiguous with the US than taste cues in long-delay conditioning, may be more effective in overshadowing taste cues in young adults than in old adults.
A Survey of Drinking Behaviors of Canadian Correctional Officers
Authors: Holden Roger W. , Jarvis George K. , Lagace David R. , Svenson Lawrence W. , Campbell Robert L. , Backs Barbara J.
Published: August 2011

77 correctional officers from two Canadian medium security penitentiaries were surveyed concerning their use of alcohol. 94% reported drinking at least once during the preceding year. 45 men consumed alcohol more frequently than the 29 women, more often felt obligated to drink at social gatherings, and were more likely to believe that drinkers do not suffer health problems related to their drinking. Although other studies have indicated correctional officers have special problems with drinking, more similarities with the general population than differences were found in the present drinking patterns.
Self-Statements, Locus of Control, and Depression in Predicting Self-Esteem
Authors: Philpot Vincent D. , Holliman W. Bruce , Madonna Stephen
Published: August 2011

The contributions of frequency of positive and negative self-statements and their ratio, locus of control, and depression in prediction of self-esteem were examined. Volunteers were 145 college students (100 women and 45 men) who were administered the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory-Adult Form, Automatic Thought Questionnaire—Revised, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. Intercorrelations suggested significant relationships among variables. The magnitude of the relationship was strongest between the frequency of negative self-statements and self-esteem. These results are consistent with and lend further support to prior studies of Kendall, et al. and Schwartz and Michaelson.
Type A/B Behavior and Eight Basic Emotions in 1084 Employees
Authors: Čatipović-Veselica Katija , Amidžić Vjekoslav , Burić Dinko , Ilakovac Vesna , Kozmar Damir , Durijanček Josip , Škrinjarić-Cincar Sanda , Čatipović Branimir , Mujić Nihada , Lauc Ante
Published: August 2011

We examined the prevalence of Type A/B behavior and Emotion Profiles in 1084 employees. This report focused on the relationship between Type A behavior and eight basic emotion dimensions. Of the 1084 subjects 710 (65%) scored as Type A and 374 (34.5%) as Type B. The mean Bortner scores for all subjects were 182.8 ( SD = 33.7), scores on emotional dimensions for Incorporation and Reproduction were high, and intensities for Ejection and Destruction were low; mean scores on other emotions were normal. Significant differences between Type A and Type B scores were found on six emotional dimensions. Subjects classified as Type A had ratings lower on trustful, controlled, and timid and higher on aggressive, distrustful, and uncontrolled than did persons classified as Type B. There were no differences between Type A and Type B scores on the emotion dimensions of Reproduction and Deprivation. Our data suggest multiple emotional components may comprise the Type A behavior pattern. This is important for behavioral counseling programs and early preventive efforts which could be aimed at reducing the intensity of Type A behaviors.
A Forgotten Pioneer: Anton T. Boisen and Religious Psychosis
Authors: Goldwert Marvin
Published: August 2011

This paper revives the memory of Anton T. Boisen, a pioneer in the study of the relationship between religious feeling and the psychoses.
Personality Characteristics of Outstanding Teachers
Authors: Shaughnessy Michael F. , Self Elizabeth , Schwartz Gerry , Naylor Kim
Published: August 2011

56 teachers (48 women, 8 men) identified as “outstanding” by 27 principals in two southwestern school districts were administered the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire. Their scores are described and implications examined.
Self-Esteem: Coopersmith and Rosenberg Compared
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Wilcox Carolyn
Published: August 2011

A sample of 802 16-yr.-olds in the UK completed the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. The modest intercorrelation of .52 between the two instruments suggests that the scales may assess similar but not identical aspects of self-esteem.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
Authors: Shevlin Mark E. , Bunting Brendan P. , Lewis Christopher Alan
Published: August 2011

Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale is a widely used measure of global self-esteem; however, the unidimensional nature of the scale has been questioned. A unidimensional confirmatory factor analytic model was tested and found consistent to the data.
Alcohol Use and Risky Sex among College Students
Authors: Carroll James L. , Carroll Lynnly M.
Published: August 2011

Undergraduates, 55 men and 151 women, completed a 13-item survey about drinking behavior and sexual activity. In general, men and women were similar in their behaviors. Despite recent efforts to promote AIDS awareness, it appears that both genders may be engaging in risky behavior. The results are discussed in terms of educational efforts aimed at AIDS prevention.
Changes over Time in Academic Dishonesty at the Collegiate Level
Authors: Spiller Shane , Crown Deborah F.
Published: August 2011

Recent assertions that collegiate cheating has risen dramatically have increased in frequency. We examine the possibility that these assertions are based on comparisons of studies of different behaviors with varied methodologies, and different opportunities to cheat. To assess the increase in cheating we identified a cheating behavior which had been empirically studied consistently from the early 1900s. When the percentages of students who cheated in these studies were compared across time periods, while controlling for methodological differences, no significant linear trend was found.
Scores on Psychoticism of Adolescent Girls in Puerto Rico
Authors: Porrata Jose Luis
Published: August 2011

This study concerns 425 Puerto Rican adolescent girls whose scores on personality factors are not consistent. When the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Junior was standardized for Puerto Rico values of factorial comparisons for the female adolescents were as low as .65 for Psychoticism. This result points to girls' confusion in showing toughness. This might be explained by high expectations but there are few opportunities for lower-class girls in a society in which women are taught to live around men and not to develop themselves as workers.
Improving Postpartum Marital Relationships
Authors: Kermeen Patricia
Published: August 2011

The effects of a traditional prenatal education program focused on maternal and infant physical health education were compared with effects of an innovative prenatal program designed to decrease the potentially negative effects of childbirth on the quality of marital relationships. 53 couples participated in the traditional approach and 63 in the innovative program: all expected a first child. Analysis of variance of their scores on the Sexual Relationship Scale and also on the Abbreviated Marital Adjustment Scale administered two months postpartum (controlled for their scores on the 2 scales before the prenatal education program) showed a significant difference between the two groups of parents only with respect to sexual relationship: the couples graduating from the innovative program were more satisfied with sexual aspects of their marriage postpartum.
Cross-Validation in Singapore of the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory
Authors: Wong Angela F. L. , Fraser Barry J.
Published: August 2011

This paper reports the cross-validation in Singapore of the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory, which assesses students' perceptions of psychosocial aspects of their science laboratory classroom environments. The sample consisted of 1,592 final year secondary school, i.e., Grade 10, chemistry students from 56 intact classes from 28 randomly selected coeducational government secondary schools in Singapore. This instrument, which has separate forms measuring students' perceptions of the actual and ideal (preferred) learning environment, comprises five scales: Student Cohesiveness, Open-endedness, Integration, Rule Clarity, and Material Environment. The study provided cross-validation support for use in Singapore in either its actual or preferred form and with either the individual student or the class mean as the unit of analysis. Each scale exhibited satisfactory internal consistency reliability, discriminant validity, factorial validity, predictive validity, and ability to differentiate among classes.
Sense of Humor and Longevity: Older Adults' Self-Ratings Compared with Ratings for Deceased Siblings
Authors: Yoder Mark A. , Haude Richard H.
Published: August 2011

33 older adults (mean age = 72.3 yr.) rated themselves and a deceased sibling on the Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale. A significant mean difference between the two groups on the subscale of Humor appreciation suggested the possibility of a positive relationship between humor appreciation and longevity.
Development of Faith and Religious Understanding in Children
Authors: Pierce Barbara J. , Cox William F.
Published: August 2011

Developmental progression in 30 children's Biblical understandings but uniformly high faith scores across these same ages (3–5 yr., 6–8 yr., and 9–12 yr.) suggest that the promotion of faith in children is not necessarily constrained by cognitive development.
Accounting for Variance Shared by Measures of Personality and Stress-Related Variables: A Canonical Correlation Analysis
Authors: Jelinek Janette , Morf Martin E.
Published: August 2011

Correlations were computed among the five personality scales of the NEO Personality Inventory, two measures derived from the Hassles Scale, and eight ways of dealing with stress measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Subjects were 66 undergraduate psychology students. Canonical correlation analysis suggests that multivariate procedures treating the data set as a whole can detect underlying patterns obscured by large sampling errors at lower levels of analysis.
Dietary Iron and Exposure to Lead Influence Susceptibility to Seizures
Authors: Barzideh Omid , Burright Richard G. , Donovick Peter J.
Published: August 2011

Previous work in this laboratory showed that concurrent consumption of an iron-deficient diet and exposure to lead caused seizure activity in Albany heterogeneous (HET) stock mice. In the present investigation, 26 Albany HET mice (ages 35 to 57 days of age) ate either an American Institute of Nutrition approved iron-sufficient (30 ppm) diet or an iron-deficient (less than 3 ppm) diet and drank either a 0.5% lead solution or distilled water for 12 weeks. We measured several activities in an open-field, hole-board apparatus, and spontaneous seizures which occurred during testing, changes in body weight, and hemoglobin levels. Replicating previous findings, mice fed the iron-deficient diet and treated with lead had more seizures with longer durations and longer postictal periods than animals given the iron-sufficient diet but also treated with lead. Mice not exposed to lead did not seize. Both lead-treated groups had lower rates of body-weight gain over the 3-mo. period and lower hemoglobin values than nonlead-treated animals. Changes in activity were observed in the open field as a function of diet and exposure to lead.
Are Females' Suicides in Japan Fatalistic?
Authors: Lester David
Published: August 2011

Analysis of time series data for Japan from 1950 through 1985 suggests that domestic integrauon may be associated with an increased risk for suicide in Japanese women.
Self-Interest and Attitudes about Legislation Controlling Alcohol
Authors: Crowe James W. , Bailey William J.
Published: August 2011

A stratified random sample of 505 adult Indiana residents living in households with telephones was surveyed using random-digit dialing to assess their attitudes about nine specific legislative proposals to control drunk driving or underage drinking and to assess the effects of self-interest on those attitudes. A two-stage Mitofsky-Waksberg design was used in the computer-assisted telephone-interview process. There was widespread support for all nine proposals, but self-interest, related to personal vulnerability for enforcement of those measures, reduced the support of regular drinkers for drunk-driving controls compared with nondrinkers' support. Parents of children aged 18 and younger were less likely than nonparents to support imposing parental liability for the consequences of children's underage drinking.
Relationship of Eight Basic Emotions with Age, Sex, Education, Satisfaction of Life Needs, and Religion
Authors: Čatipović-Veselica Katija , Ilakovac Vesna , Durjanček Josip , Amidžć Vjekoslav , Burić Dinko , Kozmar Damir , Mrdenović Slobodan , Čatipović Branimir
Published: August 2011

Personality scores of Croatian men and women by age, occupation, education, satisfaction of life needs, and religion were examined. 842 men and 242 women whose mean age was 42 yr. ( SD, 8) represented manual labor, clerical work, and management. Employees were administered the Emotions Profile Index and a test of Life Needs Satisfaction. The Croatian women scored lower on Distrustful and Dys-control than the Croatian men and higher on Depression and Gregarious. Scores on Aggression, Depression, and Gregarious varied across age groups. The Reproduction scores of sociable and affectionate were significantly higher for managers and persons with university education. The religious employees scored higher on Depression than nonreligious persons. The Reproduction scores were significantly positively associated with all needs satisfaction scores. The Destruction scores (Aggression, Depression) were significantly negatively associated with most life needs satisfactions. The present analysis suggests men and women from Croatian groups have different personality profiles Correlations of emotional scores with ages, occupations, education, life needs satisfaction, and religion could help in modification toward positive emotional dimensions.
Motivating Compliance with a Request by Remembering Someone's Name
Authors: Howard Daniel J. , Gengler Charles
Published: August 2011

22 students are asked to comply with a request by their professor after he recalls or is unable to recall their names. Students whose names were recalled started and returned the completed task more quickly than those whose names were not recalled. The results are consistent with the position that remembrance of names motivates compliance with requests. A complimentary interpretation of remembrance of names is argued.
Cognitive Determinants of Quality of Life after Onset of Cancer
Authors: Wagner Mervyn K. , Armstrong David , Laughlin James E.
Published: August 2011

To investigate cognitive coping styles and how they might relate to perceived quality of life for individuals seriously ill with cancer 41 mostly elderly, male patients with a wide variety of cancers were administered the Illness Effects Questionnaire, a quality of life measure, the COPE Questionnaire, which samples different coping strategies, and questions regarding beliefs about illness behaviors, expectations about cancer's effects, comparisons of the participants' lives with those of others, feelings since having cancer, and motivation to resist lifestyle disruptions. Six of the belief factors and two of the coping strategies were related to perceived quality of life. If the effects of cancer were less than expected, quality of life was better; with an expectation of a negative effect from the disease, lowered quality of life was perceived. Two coping strategies were related to quality of life, suppression of competing activities and using religious practices. Other relationships were also discussed.
Naming in Psychology: Analyses of Citation Counts and Eponyms
Authors: Roeckelein Jon E.
Published: August 2011

Three analyses are reported of the empirical assessment of naming in psychology: (1) authors' naming ratios (total surname counts divided by total number of textbook pages) in introductory psychology textbooks, (2) analysis of individual psychologists frequencies of citation, and (3) identification, cataloguing, and categorizing eponyms. Analyses indicate that current (1990–1994) authors show significantly different frequencies of naming among themselves and that during the past 75 years there has been a significant increase in naming over-all in textbooks as well as naming particular psychologists. Eponyms on a list of over 1,000 collected eponyms are assigned to low-, medium-, or high-frequency categories based on referencing in selected source books. Questions are raised concerning the use of naming, citation counts, and eponyms in the historical analysis of psychology as a science.
Time Pressure, Type a Syndrome, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Field Study Replication of Hui, Organ, and Crooker (1994)
Authors: Organ Dennis W. , Hui Chun
Published: August 2011

A field study of 182 university students in their residences tested the relationships among subjective time pressure, Type A scores, and organizational citizenship behavior. Perceived time pressure did not inhibit any form of citizenship behavior. Scores on the Achievement-Striving dimension of the Type A measure were positively related to the impersonal form of citizenship behavior as well as perceived time pressure and grade point average.
On the Dimensionality of a Learning Style Questionnaire
Authors: Carraher Shawn M.
Published: August 2011

The dimensionality of a Learning Style Questionnaire was examined using undergraduate students majoring in science-related areas (chemistry, physics, geology, and biology) at a major state university. The number of dimensions found for the science students did not agree with the number found in earlier research and the composition of the individual dimensions differed substantially from what was found earlier. Additional work on the questionnaire is called for.
Sustained Reductions in Turnover and Accidents Associated with the Ongoing Use of a Preemployment Screening Inventory: Results of a Three-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Borofsky Gerald L. , Wagner Joan , Turner Suzanne
Published: August 2011

This study, conducted in a resort hotel with approximately 3,800 employees, examined the rates of turnover and work-related accidents over a 3-yr. period. For both turnover and accidents, measures were obtained for a baseline year during which a preemployment inventory was added to the hotel's selection process. Measures of these variables were also obtained for each of the two following years. Analysis indicated that the annual rates of turnover and accidents for each of these following years were lower than for the baseline year. Results were compared with those from a similarly designed study previously conducted in a different hotel setting. When taken together, these studies support the hypothesis that ongoing use of a criterion-keyed preemployment screening inventory is associated with sustained reductions in turnover and workplace accidents. The effects on workplace accidents appear to be additively enhanced when inventory use is combined with a comprehensive program of risk management.
Children's Drawings and Attachment to Pets
Authors: Kidd Aline H. , Kidd Robert M.
Published: August 2011

To help confirm the concept that distances placed between the self and other figures in children's drawings represent emotional distances, 242 pet-owning and 35 nonpet-owning kindergarteners through eighth graders drew pictures of themselves, a pet, and/or a family member. Owners drew pets significantly closer than family-figures although the younger the child, the greater the distance between self and pet. Older children drew themselves holding pets significantly more often, but younger children placed the family-figure between the self and the pet significantly more often. There were no significant gender differences in self-figure/pet-figure distances, but cats, dogs, caged animals, and farm animals were placed significantly closer to self-figures than were fish. Over-all, owners were clearly emotionally closer to pets than to family members, but nonowners were as close emotionally to family members as were owners.
Sociocultural Differences on Hostility in Alexithymic Persons
Authors: Fukunishi Isao , Hosaka Takashi , Berger Douglas
Published: August 2011

A recent comment by I. Alex Rubino on the personality correlates of alexithymia implied that there are several important areas for further discussion. Sociocultural differences in ethnicity (Japanese and Italian) may need to be taken into account for an understanding of the divergent findings.
A Pilot Project on College Students' Satisfaction and Self-Concept
Authors: Panori Sheila A. , Wong Eugene H. , Kennedy Amy L. , King Joel R.
Published: August 2011

This study examined correlations between measures of 137 students' self-concepts and their satisfaction with adjusting to college. The Satisfaction with College Questionnaire was designed to assess quantitatively students' satisfaction with social and academic adjustment. Analyses indicated that a number of self-concept dimensions were significantly correlated with scores on satisfaction. Researchers must focus on refining the questionnaire and examining its relation to outcome variables such as self-concept, attrition, grade point average, and motivation.
Associations of Neuroticism and Introversion with Academic Achievement
Authors: Mwamwenda Tuntufye S.
Published: August 2011

The relationship of academic achievement or grades with Eysenck Personality Inventory scores on Neuroticism and Introversion was examined. Contrary to theoretical expectations and previous studies, no significant differences among means were observed for 118 first-year South African university students (78 women and 40 men) whose mean ages were 29 yr. (women) and 28.8 yr. (men).
The Structure of Psychological Distress
Authors: Préville Michel , Potvin Louise , Boyer Richard
Published: August 2011

In this study we describe the factor structure of the Psychological Distress Index used in the Quebec Health Survey and compare a model that includes psychophysiologic symptoms (29 items) with a model restricted to cognitive and affective symptoms only (18 items). Three samples ( n = 2,000) were used to test the likelihood of these two models. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out using LISREL VII. Logistic regression was then used to examine the association of the two versions with demographic variables and health indicators. Analysis indicates that both versions show satisfactory construct validity. Except for age, the associations observed between both versions and respondents' demographic characteristics are similar; however, the 29-item version is more strongly associated with health status indexes, suggesting a possible bias attributable to somatic items.
Effects of the Detoxification of Domestic Gas on Suicide Rates in Six Nations
Authors: Lester David
Published: August 2011

Studies of the effects of the detoxification of domestic gas in six nations showed that the over-all suicide rate declined if the use of domestic gas for suicide was common.
Childhood Antecedents of Stable Positive Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Authors: Roff James D. , Knight Raymond A.
Published: August 2011

For a longitudinal study of 29 males with an initial diagnosis of schizophrenia as young adults, childhood information identified excitable behavior as most strongly related to subsequent positive symptoms. This childhood variable was related to stable but not to unstable positive symptom measures. Further, stable positive symptoms were limited to the subgroup with a history of excitable behavior.
Comparison of Female and Male Engineering Students
Authors: Brown Nina W. , Joslin Martha
Published: August 2011

78 male and female engineering students were matched by race/ethnic designation and classification. Personality profiles on the Adjective Checklist indicated no significant differences between groups, with the 39 men and 39 women tending to have the same pattern of elevated and depressed scale scores.
Domestic Terror and Rates of Suicide and Homicide in Canada, 1960–1985
Authors: Lester David
Published: August 2011

The number of domestic terrorism incidents in Canada from 1960 to 1985 was associated with lower homicide rates but was not consistently associated with suicide rates.
Composite Probability Modelling of Increasing Resolution Where Diagnostic Covariates are Immeasurable for Some Subjects
Authors: Szalai John Paul , Katic Marko
Published: August 2011

When predictive covariates for a dichotomous outcome dependent variable are undetectable or unmeasurable for some subjects, a fact in itself that may be of considerable prognostic importance, traditionally such subjects' data are dropped from multiple logistic regression analyses. An alternative analytical algorithm is offered here for such situations. First, a series of multiple logistic regressions are applied to the complete data where covariates are initially coded as dichotomous, e.g., detectable or nondetectable. Then, a second series of logistic regressions are fitted for those subjects for whom a covariate is detectable and measurable with the fully resolved measure as the covariate. Ultimately, all individual model-specific predicted probabilities of the outcome for a subject are combined into a single probability through the proposed “Composite Probability Modelling of Increased Resolution” (CPMIR). When such an analysis was applied to discriminate 133 patients with acoustic tumours from a sample of 133 patients with cochlear disease, using a latency measure of the auditory brainstem response evoked potential as the predictive covariate, CPMIR yielded a superior model chi square to any component model, used the full cohort of patients, and produced the largest area under the ROC curve. This algorithm is offered as a general statistical modelling device.
Preschool Experiences of Advantaged Children
Authors: Warash Bobbie Gibson , Markstrom-Adams Carol
Published: August 2011

Experiences of advantaged children were examined among 85 kindergarten, 72 first-grade, 61 second-grade, and 66 third-grade boys and girls. Preschool and nonpreschool/nonday-care groups scored significantly higher on academic self-esteem than a day-care group. The preschool group scored higher on CTBS Mathematics than the other two groups, and the preschool and day-care groups had significantly fewer absences in public school than the nonpreschool/nonday-care group.
Assessing Commonality and Favorability of First Names
Authors: Karlin Nancy J. , Bell Paul A.
Published: August 2011

From 1476 students enrolled in general psychology, the four most common and least common male and female first names were identified. Students in another class (31 men, 48 women) judged which of 20 traits they associated with each name. Compared with less common names, the more common names were associated with over twice as many favorable traits.
Self-Consciousness Scale: A Brazilian Version
Authors: Teixeira Marco A. P. , Gomes William B.
Published: August 2011

The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of a Brazilian version of the Self-consciousness Scale to university students. Factorial structure, sub-scale intercorrelations, and normative data obtained with 182 subjects are reported. These results suggest that the proposed model of self-consciousness is applicable in the Brazilian culture, although some significant sex differences were found for two of the scales. Reliability tests and the factorial validity of the scale showed that this version still needs refinement to be used as a reliable research tool.
Adjustment to Breast Cancer in Couples
Authors: Hoskins Carol Noll
Published: August 2011

Present aims were to examine differences in fulfillment of emotional and interactional needs between 128 breast cancer patients and 121 partners and to examine differences in emotional and physical adjustment outcomes using a multivariate model of family adjustment to illness. Intact data series were obtained at 7 to 10 days, at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months, and 1 year postsurgery. The effect of cancer accentuated a complementary pattern for both emotional and interactional needs. The t tests of differences between means were significant at all phases. The main effect of time was statistically significant for scores on Negative Emotions, Psychological Distress, and Psychological Well-being for both partners. Performance of life roles in the vocational, domestic, and social environments also improved significantly over time. Although perceived Health Status remained stable for partners, patients' perceptions improved across phases of illness.
Comparison of Beliefs about Advertising, Attitude toward Advertising, and Materialism Held by African Americans and Caucasians
Authors: Yoon Kak
Published: August 2011

This research investigated the relationship between advertising and materialism across African-American and Caucasian groups (87 students and 79 community adults) as well as general attitude toward advertising and beliefs about advertising. The association between attitude toward advertising and materialism was positive. The African-American respondents held more materialistic values than their Caucasian peers; they exhibited a more favorable general attitude toward advertising and held more favorable beliefs about advertising. These findings are consistent with the criticism that advertising is at least connected with materialistic values in our society.
Coping and Personality
Authors: Saklofske D. H. , Kelly I. W.
Published: August 2011

146 women and 47 men were given the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Coping Inventory for Stressful. Situations. Neuroticism accounted for 37% of the variance in emotion-focused coping. Personality was not a substantial predictor of other coping strategies.
A Re-Examination of Personal and Group Estimates of the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Scores
Authors: Rickards T. , Gaston K.
Published: August 2011

90 participants from 8 training environments provided self-assessments and peer-assessments of Kirton Adaption-Innovation scores after receiving a briefing on the topic. Correlations gave confirmatory support for the convergent validity of the instrument; however, the results indicated a more complex pattern of correlations of self-assessments and peer-assessments with actual inventory scores than has been suggested in earlier studies. The nature of the decision-making process appears to be an overlooked factor associated with the effectiveness of peer-assessments.
Survey Response Rate as a Function of Age: Are Female Clergy Different?
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Robbins Mandy
Published: August 2011

A 36-page questionnaire was completed by 1,233 women in ordained ministry in the Anglican church in England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. There were 468 nonrespondents. Analysis showed that nonrespondents tended to be older than the respondents.
Personality Disorders and Psychiatric Symptoms in Psoriasis
Authors: Rubino I. Alex , Sonnino Alberto , Pezzarossa Bianca , Ciani Nicola , Bassi Roberto
Published: August 2011

Two groups of psoriatic outpatients ( ns = 192 and 119) were given, respectively, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II and Foulds' Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory. They were compared with dental ( n = 192) and with general surgical ( n = 190) patients. The psoriatic group presented clearly higher mean scores and frequencies on most of the personality disorder scales. On Foulds' inventory, psoriatic patients showed higher frequencies of neurotic and psychotic class allocations. A cluster analysis of personality scores provided evidence for 4 different personality clusters of patients with psoriasis: (a) Avoidant, Dependent, Schizoid, and Self-defeating (32.2%), (b) Compulsive, Narcissistic, and Aggressive (30.7%), (c) no personality disorder (18.2%), (d) Borderline, Paranoid, and Schizotypal, etc. (18.8%).
Did Freud Misinterpret Reported Memories of Sexual Abuse as Fantasies?
Authors: Powell Russell A. , Boer Douglas P.
Published: August 2011

While serious questions have arisen concerning the validity of Freud's seduction theory of neurosis, a related issue concerns the extent to which Freud, following the abandonment of the seduction theory, may have misinterpreted real memories of sexual abuse as imaginary. Certain theoretical statements by Freud as well as his advice to Jung concerning a 6-yr.-old patient who had accused her foster-father of sexual abuse indicate that he may have been significantly biased toward interpreting certain types of incest allegations as fantasies. Increased awareness of Freud's biases, both in his early tendency to pressure patients into believing that they were victims of abuse and in his later tendency to regard certain types of incest allegations as unreal, may contribute to a more objective approach to the diagnosis and treatment of sexual abuse in the future.
Case Outcomes in Domestic Violence Court: Influence of Judges
Authors: Ford Janet , Rompf Elizabeth L. , Faragher Teri , Weisenfluh Sherri
Published: August 2011

Observation of 174 domestic violence cases in a civil court indicated that the only significant factor related to case outcomes was the judge hearing the case. The three judges whose cases were observed differed significantly in their rates of cases dismissed, findings for or against the respondents, and number and types of orders issued. The data suggest the need for more consistent education of judges in regard to domestic violence.
Using the Multiphasic Sex Inventory with Child Molesters
Authors: Clark Marie , Grier Priscilla E.
Published: August 2011

Subjects were 30 white men who denied that they were child molesters at the time of arrest and were court ordered to have a psychological evaluation as part of the pre-sentencing. The Multiphasic Sex Inventory was administered to the subjects during the initial interview and later in therapy sessions they did admit to the offense. When scores for the group were compared with scores for a pretreatment child-molester group ( n=140) in a study cited in the manual, the difference was significant on the Child Molest Lie Scale. Implications are discussed.
South African Graduate Students' Locus of Control, Gender Differences, and Academic Performance
Authors: Mwamwenda Tuntufye S.
Published: August 2011

To explore whether locus of control scores of South African university students show sex differences and differences in academic achievement, 73 subjects (46 women and 27 men) whose mean ages were 36.5 yr. for women and 35.0 yr. for men were given Rotter's Locus of Control scale. Scores students obtained on a final examination in an educational psychology course were recorded. A gender difference was statistically significant, with men scoring internally oriented and women scoring externally oriented. There was no significant difference in academic performance between internally and externally controlled subjects.
Job Satisfaction in Casino Dealers
Authors: Darcy Paula , Lester David
Published: August 2011

59 casino dealers had significantly lower job satisfaction on the Bray-field and Rothe scale than 62 school teachers.
Prevalence of Depression among Middle-School Kuwaiti Students following the Iraqi Invasion
Authors: Abdullatif Hassan I.
Published: August 2011

The prevalence of depression among 1981 middle-school students (995 boys and 986 girls) in Kuwait was estimated using the Arabic Children's Depression Inventory. Cronbach coefficients alpha for their scores were .86, .88, and .87, for boys, girls, and the combined group, respectively. There were 3.7% of boys and 4.8% of girls who attained total scores greater than 2 SDs above the mean. It was noted that subjects who have a martyr or a POW in the family exhibited a significant difference on depressive symptoms. The boys obtained a mean of 44.2 whereas the girls obtained a mean of 42.5. Further, there was a significant correlation between scores on depression and report of stressful experience. An interpretation of this finding was provided.
Trends in Police Suicide
Authors: Violanti John M.
Published: August 2011

Little empirical information is available concerning trends of suicide by police officers. Anecdotes and articles in the popular press imply that the rate is increasing but do not provide a scientific base. Data from an epidemiological mortality database are used to describe trends in police suicide in a medium-sized police department over a 40-yr. period.
Relationship between the Quick Test and WAIS–R in Low-Functioning Criminal Defendants
Authors: Simon Michael J.
Published: August 2011

Quick Test and WAIS–R scores of 30 low-functioning criminal defendants were compared. Analysis indicated that the Quick Test (even 1 form) generally provides an accurate estimate of WAIS–R IQ in this population.
Patterns of Adjustment among Women with Breast Cancer and Their Partners
Authors: Hoskins Carol Noll
Published: August 2011

Four inventories were completed by 128 women and 121 partners evaluating predictors of emotional and physical adjustment at six phases of experience with breast cancer. Emotional adjustment could be predicted by marital support, support from other adults, and role function. The relationships were significant at concurrent times, across contiguous times, and predicting from the 7- to 10-day postsurgical phase to both the 6-mo. and 1-yr. end points.
The Iron Law of Paternalism: Gender Bias in Arbitrated Outcomes?
Authors: Dalton Dan R. , Johnson Jonathan L.
Published: August 2011

We relied on 372 justice procedures in the workplace (arbitral hearings) to assess the viability of the “iron law of paternalism,” a thesis essentially arguing that women will receive more lenient outcomes. With severity of the offense invariant, these data provide no support for this thesis in the workplace.
Cold-Induced Amnesia Blocks Escape Deficits in the Cockroach (Periplaneta Americana)
Authors: Brown Gary E. , Moore Angela , Tallman Deidra
Published: August 2011

For three consecutive days, four groups of adult cockroaches ( Periplaneta americana) were yoked to cockroaches receiving escapable shock. The four groups of subjects received either inescapable shock followed by exposure to 12 minutes of cold (2° C), inescapable shock followed by no exposure to cold, no-shock followed by exposure to cold, or no-shock followed by no exposure to cold. 24 hr. later all five groups were run on a different escape task. The cockroaches exposed to inescapable shock followed by no exposure to cold showed the usual escape deficit. The cockroaches exposed to inescapable shock followed by exposure to cold did not differ from the escapable shock cockroaches or the controls.
Neuropsychologica Principia Brevita: An Application to Traumatic (Acquired) Brain Injury
Authors: Persinger M. A.
Published: August 2011

The concepts and discoveries of modern neuroscience now challenge many of the presumptions that influence diagnostic decisions within neurology, psychiatry, and clinical neuropsychology. Many of these presumptions are derived from archaic bivariate models such as the mind-body argument, organic-functional dichotomy, and single lesion-single behavior causality. Thirteen basic principles which may be useful for inferring more reliable and accurate relationships between microstructural function and clinical manifestations are developed.
Individual and Situational Factors That Influence Managers' Ethical Judgments
Authors: Bass Kenneth E. , Hebert Frederic J.
Published: August 2011

This study is an investigation of potential relationships between ethical judgments and both personal demographic and situational variables among a national sample of 602 managers. A significant positive relationship was found between education and ethical judgments of a scenario about an unethical situation. As formal education increased, managers tended to view unethical situations more favorably. Also, a significant negative relationship between size of a firm and ethical judgments of employees was confirmed in a regression analysis. Conclusions and suggestions for research are presented.
Childhood Psychopathology and Nonintact Family Status in South Africa
Authors: Naidoo P. , Pillay A. L.
Published: August 2011

Of 62 children attending a community mental health clinic only 35.5% lived with both parents in the absence of marital conflict.
Self-Esteem and Alexithymia
Authors: Yelsma Paul
Published: August 2011

236 college students completed Coopersmith's Self-esteem Inventory and Taylor's 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale As predicted, the total scores on self-esteem and alexithymia were significantly negatively correlated −.42. Two factors of the subjects' orientations of alexithymia, difficulty recognizing and verbalizing feelings and difficulty describing feelings, explained 19% of the variance associated with self-esteem. These results suggest a negative association between difficulty in expressing emotions and college students' self-rated self-esteem.