bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The results of the referendum held on 28 October 1962 as reflected by “La Nation”
Authors: Atakishieva Dzhamilya G.
Published: October 2021

The article refers to the results of the constitutional referendum that was held in France on 28 October 1962 as reflected by “La Nation” newspaper. The October referendum was organized at the initiative of President Charles de Gaulle who proposed the direct popular vote in the presidential election. The majority of French people voted for the reform despite the active campaign against it organized by the opposition parties. But de Gaulle himself was not satisfied with the results of the referendum because he wanted to get more support from the people. This situation gave rise to the opposition to say that the president has lost the confidence of the French people. The Gaullist newspaper “La Nation” was the only nationwide print publication to claim the victory of the general de Gaulle’s project.
The problem of the national image of Russia in the interpretation of Chinese scientists
Authors: Xie Zhou , Zhang Zeming
Published: October 2021

The article examines the main trends in the study of the theory of national image by Chinese scientists and the problems of the national image of Russia in the eyes of the PRC public, discusses the prerequisites for the study of the theory of national image, compares the definitions of Chinese scientists, examines their contribution to the theory of national image and the evolution of the national image of Russia in the consciousness of Chinese society in the period from the formation of the PRC to the end of the first decade of the XXI century. The authors state that the national image of Russia in China is formed under the influence of many factors (the political situation in Russia and China, the state of bilateral relations, the degree of awareness in China about Russia) and come to the conclusion that a positive image can improve relations between the two countries. Studying the Chinese perception of the national image of Russia will allow you to learn about the values, moral norms, psychology and mentality of the Chinese themselves. In addition, the transformation of Russia's national image in China depends not only on the changes in Russia and the complex bilateral relations of both countries, but also reflects social changes in China. The improvement of Russia's national image in China contributes to the development of strategic partnership and cooperation between the two countries and the stability of bilateral relations, allows it to increase its "soft power". Creating harmonious relations between countries, strengthening mutual trust, expanding economic and trade exchanges and cultural exchanges are important ways to create a positive and bright national image.
Conservation, Utilization, Genetic and Chemodiversity of Germplasm of Genipap (Genipa Americana L.) in Brazil
Authors: Cruz da Silva  Ana Veruska 
Published: October 2021

Genipa americana L. or genipap (Rubiaceae) is brazilian native species. Its leaves and fruits are used in the folk medicine and are greatly consumed in natura in the form of sweets, juices, composts and wines. Moreover, it can be used for the recovery of contaminated soils, in civil and naval construction, dye production for fabric dyeing, ceramic artifacts and non-permanent tattoos. Phytochemical analysis from the leaves and fruits reported in the literature detected the presence of iridoids, monoterpenoids, fatty acids, steroids, carboxylic acids and phenolic compounds, some of which bioactive compounds. Despite the economic and ecological importance, this species has suffered a considerable loss of genetic variability caused, mainly, by the expansion of farming areas in the Brazilian. The genetic diversity and structure of a Genipap Genebank and natural populations has been evaluated using molecular markers, generating data useful to help programs of plant breeding, prospection and conservation. Application of techniques of tissue culture overcome the difficulties imposed by the traditional genipap propagation system, enabling large-scale multiplication and the conservation of this Rubiaceae.
Liver and COVID-19 - A Review and Clinical Approach
Authors: Malnick Stephen , Fisher David L.
Published: October 2021

:

Liver enzyme abnormalities occur frequently in patients diagnosed with Coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19). It has been suggested that patients with severe acute liver injury are more
likely to be admitted to intensive care, require intubation or renal replacement therapy and their
mortality rate is higher than patients without severe acute liver injury. This review article explores
the possible aetiologies of liver dysfunction seen in patients with COVID-19 and also the effect of
COVID-19 on patients with pre-existing liver disease. Finally, we suggest clinical approaches to
treating a patient with liver enzyme disturbance and COVID-19 and also caring for patients who require
liver transplantation in the COVID-19 era.
Computerization in Home: Change in Way of Life
Authors: Reshamwala Tanay
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The giant network and applications offered by a device tiny enough to be called “Dust”, has revolutionized the way we live our lives. IoT has gained rapid access and application in a wide spectrum of applications ranging from a heart monitoring device to a sensor in hazardous factory locations saving lives further leaping on to home automation & managing vehicles on roads. Home automation has seen an increased usage in developed countries as most homes are equipped and controlled through IoT. The Internet of Things is a huge network of associated things and individuals all of which gather and share data about the manner in which they are utilized and about the environment around them. In today's modern technological era IOT has gained much admiration and is evolving at a very high pace. This paper lays out an idea of creating an IOT based Home Automation system. It illustrates the use of various hardware devices such as Arduino Uno, ESP8266 NodeMCU and some sensors along with software applications like the google firebase which is a realtime database to create a completely functional smart home. This project proposes a system where the home appliances can be controlled from the user's mobile application via the internet from any part of the world while other minor devices and their tasks are fully automated by the system. It even integrates voice commands to the system using Google's Voice Assistant system. The paper presents a very simple and cost effective system that can be easily implemented in any household. Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Arduino Uno, ESP8266 NodeMCU, Firebase, Dialogflow.
Fake News Detection Using Various Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Chandra Gummadi Rohith Madhu
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Reports have been around for a long time and have a track record of producing accurate results. The fast development of online media stages has increased the adverse consequence of bits of gossip; it accordingly gets essential to early identify them. Numerous techniques have been acquainted with distinguishing reports utilizing the substance or the social setting of information. In any case, most existing strategies overlook or don't investigate viably the engendering example of information in online media, including the grouping of collaborations of web-based media clients with news across time. In this paper, we present a new conversation identification method based on deep learning. By understanding the customers' depiction and the worldwide interconnection of clients' responses, our method makes advantage of the news dissemination dynamics. We target furnishing clients with a stage to check the bits of gossip they hear and counterfeit news that courses through online media stages like Twitter and Facebook. The clients can gather validated realities and check for the wellsprings of the news occasions continuously. Official groups can use the constant stream elements to follow an occasion and individuals engaged with the stream. Tests conducted on Twitter and Weibo datasets indicate that the suggested approach is cutting-edge in terms of performance. Keywords: Propagation Dynamics, User Representation, Data Sets, Counterfeit
Right-Sided Invertibility of Binomial Functional Operators and Graded Dichotomy
Authors: Antonevich A. B.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we consider the right-sided invertibility problem for binomial functional operators. It is known that such operators are invertible iff there exists dichotomy of solutions of the homogeneous equation. New property of solutions of the homogeneous equation named graded dichotomy is introduced and it is proved that right-sided invertibility of binomial functional operators is equivalent to existence of graded dichotomy.
Equations Related to Stochastic Processes: Semigroup Approach and Fourier Transform
Authors: Melnikova I. V. , Alekseeva U. A. , Bovkun V. A.
Published: October 2021

The work is devoted to integro-differential equations related to stochastic processes. We study the relationship between differential equations with random perturbations - stochastic differential equations (SDEs) - and deterministic equations for the probabilistic characteristics of processes determined by random perturbations. The resulting deterministic pseudodifferential equations are investigated by semigroup methods and Fourier transform methods.
Algorithm for the Numerical Solution of the Stefan Problem and Its Application to Calculations of the Temperature of Tungsten under Impulse Action
Authors: Apushkinskaya D. E. , Lazareva G. G.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we present the numerical solution of the Stefan problem to calculate the temperature of the tungsten sample heated by the laser pulse. Mathematical modeling is carried out to analyze field experiments, where an instantaneous heating of the plate to 9000 K is observed due to the effect of a heat flow on its surface and subsequent cooling. The problem is characterized by nonlinear coefficients and boundary conditions. An important role is played by the evaporation of the metal from the heated surface. Basing on Samarskiis approach, we choose to implement the method of continuous counting considering the heat conductivity equation in a uniform form in the entire domain using the Dirac delta function. The numerical method has the second order of approximation with respect to space, the interval of smoothing of the coefficients is 5 K. As a result, we obtain the temperature distributions on the surface and in the cross section of the sample during cooling.
On the Solvability of the Generalized Neumann Problem for a Higher-Order Elliptic Equation in an Infinite Domain
Authors: Koshanov B. D. , Soldatov A. P.
Published: October 2021

We consider the generalized Neumann problem for a 2lth-order elliptic equation with constant real higher-order coefficients in an infinite domain containing the exterior of some circle and bounded by a sufficiently smooth contour. It consists in specifying of the (kj-1){(k_j - 1)}th-order normal derivatives where 1≤k1...kl≤2l{1\le k_1 < ... < k_l \le 2l}; for kj=j{k_j = j} it turns into the Dirichlet problem, and for kj=j+1{k_j = j +1} into the Neumann problem. Under certain assumptions about the coefficients of the equation at infinity, a necessary and sufficient condition for the Fredholm property of this problem is obtained and a formula for its index in Holder spaces is given.
The Challenges of Teaching English during the Outbreak of COVID-19
Authors: Karimanović Dušica
Published: October 2021

Coping with the new “normalities” itself was difficult a task to undergo, let alone creating a positive-enforced surrounding for young minds to flourish and develop. Teaching as a profession has gone through so many changes in such a short time that it is almost impossible to tackle all of them in one article. Be that as it may, the following one represents both a recollection of challenges that teaching English had to face and a collection of practices that might be of use to all of the teachers trying to teach English in versatile environments. We will discuss the differences of teaching English online in primary schools in towns, villages as well as schools for the disabled. Furthermore, we will take a look at the accessibility of tools, networks, equipment and competence of using it in each environment separately. Finally, we will state the benefits and drawbacks of teaching English online in these environments and state the examples of good practices and language skills that can be improved in all the target groups mentioned. This article does not offer a solution to the problems of teaching English in a challenging environment, but it could be a stepping stone to implementing some vital changes to a school curriculum and adapting them to the needs of an individual learner.
La esfera familiar y la participación económica de las mujeres: una reflexión en torno a la tesis de las preferencias de Catherine Hakim
Authors: Mathieu Mickens
Published: October 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en sintetizar la teoría de las preferencias de Catherine Hakim, que desarrolla una perspectiva bastante original en las reflexiones que se centran en la dicotomía familia y mercado de trabajo en la población de las mujeres. Este análisis busca principalmente exponer, por un lado, las aportaciones de la propuesta de Hakim y sus limitaciones mediante las críticas que ha recibido en los debates sociológicos y demográficos. Por otro, se intenta esclarecer sus aplicaciones en cuanto a las políticas públicas orientadas al mejoramiento de las condiciones de las mujeres en las dos esferas.
Evolución territorial del comercio de bienes de consumo duradero en la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, 1993-2013
Authors: Cruz Muñoz Fermín Alí
Published: October 2021

Actualmente la organización territorial de las actividades económicas en las metrópolis tiende a una dispersión que deriva en microconcentraciones altamente discriminantes y especializadas. El objetivo de este artículo es entender la evolución territorial del comercio de bienes de consumo duradero en la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México de 1993 a 2013. Mediante un análisis microespacial, se corrobora el desarrollo de un proceso de segmentación de los nodos comerciales bajo un patrón metropolitano de concentración. La evolución territorial tiene una clara diferenciación en las distintas zonas de la metrópoli como resultado del nivel socioeconómico de la población, las vialidades principales y la morfología territorial.
A Fenomenologia da diferença Ôntico-Ontológica
Authors: Marder Michael
Published: October 2021

This paper focuses on Martin Heidegger’s reading of the Hegelian phenomenology of spirit as a veiled critique of Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology of consciousness. Ultimately, I argue, Heidegger will acknowledge the insufficiency of either phenomenology, concerned exclusively with Being or with beings, and will hint at the possibility of a third kind of phenomenology unfolding between the two - the phenomenology of ontico-ontological difference.
Fluid–Structure Interaction Vibration Experiments and Numerical Verification of a Real Marine Propeller
Authors: Lou Benqiang , Cui Hongyu
Published: October 2021

The design of lifting blade shapes is a key engineering application, especially in domains such as those of marine propellers, hydrofoils, and tidal energy converters. In particular, the excitation frequency must be different from that of the structure to avoid resonance. The natural frequency in the cases where the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) is considerably different if considering the coupling added mass (AM) of the water. In this study, vibration experiments were performed using a real propeller in air and water. The modal parameters, natural frequencies, and mode shapes were determined. Validations were performed using 3D solid and acoustic elements in a direct coupling finite element format. The modal results and AM ratios were in agreement with the experimental results. Convenient application and high efficiency are basic requirements for an engineering application. Therefore, an empirical formula was established for the first-order FSI natural frequency to enable rapid estimation, thereby satisfying this requirement.
Estimation of Ship Repair Time Using the Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zagan Remus , Paprocka Iwona , Manea Mihaela-Greti , Manea Emill
Published: October 2021

Ship maintenance is regulated by both the state and the classification society. The scope of maintenance works depends on the age of the ship and includes a dock, intermediate and special inspection. The problem is to estimate the reliable time of the ship maintenance and the downtime at the shipyard. The purpose of this article is to develop a more accurate model to predict a ship’s overall maintenance time. A multiple linear regression model is developed to describe the impact of historical data on hull repair, painting time, piping, age, structural and hull plate replacement for ship maintenance. In the literature, the least squares method is used to estimate unknown regression coefficients. The original value of the article is the use of a genetic algorithm to estimate coefficient values of the multiple linear regression model. Necessary analysis and simulations are performed on the data collected for oil and chemical or product tankers. As a result, a significant improvement in the adequacy of the presented model was identified.
Journal Bearing Performance Prediction Using Machine Learning and Octave-Band Signal Analysis of Sound and Vibration Measurements
Authors: Moschopoulos Marios , Rossopoulos Georgios N. , Papadopoulos Christos I.
Published: October 2021

Journal and thrust bearings utilise hydrodynamic lubrication to reduce friction and wear between the shaft and the bearing. The process to determine the lubricant film thickness or the actual applied load is vital to ensure proper and trouble-free operation. However, taking accurate measurements of the oil film thickness or load in bearings of operating engines is very difficult and requires specialised equipment and extensive experience. In the present work, the performance parameters of journal bearings of the same principal dimensions are measured experimentally, aiming at training a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm capable of predicting the loading condition of any similar bearing. To this end, an experimental procedure using the Bently Nevada Rotor Kit 4 is set up, combined with sound and vibration measurements in the vicinity of the journal bearing structure. First, sound and acceleration measurements for different values of bearing load and rotational speed are collected and post-processed utilising 1/3 octave band analysis techniques, for parametrisation of the input datasets of the ML algorithms. Next, several ML algorithms are trained and tested. Comparison of the results produced by each algorithm determines the fittest one for each application. The results of this work demonstrate that, in a laboratory environment, the operational parameters of journal bearings can be efficiently identified utilising non-intrusive sound and vibration measurements. The presented approach may substantially improve bearing condition identification and monitoring, which is an imperative step to prevent journal bearing failures and conduct condition-based maintenance.
Forms of submission of materials in the organization of distance learning
Authors: Коннова О.В. , Минаева Ю.В. , Романова И.В.
Published: October 2021

В современном мире невозможно не заметить стремительное развитие информационных технологий, сети Интернет, online-пространства. Данные технологии подходят для асинхронного обучения – обучения в off-line режиме. На сегодняшний день существует много образовательных платформ и систем. В работе представлен опыт использования платформы Moodle для дистанционного обучения всех категорий обучающихся с целью оптимизации и мониторинга их внеаудиторной работы. Асинхронное обучение – это форма дистанционного обучения, которая осуществляется с задержкой во времени, преподаватель и студент не контактируют напрямую. Обучающийся проходит обучение без привязки к определённому времени и в любом точки мира. Единственным ограничением может быть срок выполнения задания – deadline. Внедрение такой образовательной технологии показывает возможность и целесообразность практического применения дистанционных методов для самостоятельной подготовки студентов. Также в данной статье рассматривается вопрос создания и использования презентации при организации занятия в дистанционном режиме. Стандартная презентация используется как дополнение к выступлению преподавателя. В дистанционном режиме она должна заменить преподавателя, поэтому при ее разработке необходимо учитывать ряд требований. Мы пытаемся предложить оптимальный вариант презентации с возможными примерами слайдов, на которых изображены примеры заданий

In the modern world, it is impossible not to notice the rapid development of information technologies, the Internet, and online space. These technologies are suitable for asynchronous learning-learning in off-line mode. Today, there are many educational platforms and systems. The paper presents the experience of using the Moodle platform for distance learning for all categories of students in order to optimize and monitor their extracurricular work. Asynchronous learning is a form of distance learning that is carried out with a time delay, the teacher and the student do not contact directly. The student is trained without reference to a specific time and anywhere in the world. The only limit may be the deadline for completing the task. The introduction of such educational technology shows the possibility and feasibility of practical application of distance learning methods for independent training of students. This article also discusses the issue of creating and using a presentation when organizing classes in remote mode. The standard presentation is used as a supplement to the teacher's presentation. In the remote mode, it should replace the teacher, so when developing it, it is necessary to take into account a number of requirements. We are trying to offer an optimal presentation option with possible examples of slides that show examples of tasks
EVALUATION OF RICE GENOTYPE AGAINST LEAF FOLDER, CASE WORM AND GRASSHOPPER DESECRATION UNDER FIELD CONDITION
Authors: Belbase Poonam , Aryal Archana , Aryal Ashim
Published: October 2021

The research on varietal screening of rice against leaf folder, caseworm and grasshopper damage was conducted during 2019 in Rampur, Chitwan to study the host plant resistant of different varieties of rice under field condition. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications and seven treatments namely i) Makawanpur -1 ii) Mansuli iii) Radha-4 iv) Ramdhan v) Sabitri vi) Sama Mansuli sub-1 and vii) sukkha-3. The experiment revealed that lowest population of leaf folder, caseworm and grasshopper was recorded in variety Radha-4 followed by Ramdhan. The experiment showed the yield loss was significantly lower in Radha-4 followed by Sabitri and Ramdhan due to leaf folder, caseworm and grasshopper. So Radha-4 and sabitri would be good option in rice production for reducing insect pest damage.
FARM SIZE EFFICIENCY DIFFERENTIALS OF BIO-FORTIFIED CASSAVA PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Adetomiwa Kolapo , Adeyemi Raji Ibraheem , Kayode Falana , Abdulmumin Muhammed Opeyemi
Published: October 2021

The study specifically investigated farm size efficiency differentials of bio-fortified cassava production in Nigeria. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of bio-fortified cassava producers in Nigeria. The estimated coefficients of the parameters of production variables for small scale bio-fortified cassava farm size (land, herbicide and fertilizer) played a major role in bio-fortified cassava production on a small scale in Nigeria. For the medium and large scale bio-fortified cassava farm size, production variables (land, labor and fertilizer) and (land, labor, herbicide and fertilizer) respectively played a major role in bio-fortified cassava production. The average economic efficiency of the small, medium and large scale bio-fortified cassava producers was 42%, 54% and 63% respectively. Policies intended to increase the popularization and cultivation of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria should be targeted toward the small and medium scale cassava farmers since they carried the majority of the producer of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria.
EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus var. Arka Anamika)
Authors: Lamichhane Anuj , K.C. Mamata , Shrestha Manisha , Baral Binaya
Published: October 2021

Seed priming is an effective, eco-friendly method to promote seed germination and seedling vigor of okra to overcome the reduced and delayed germination in fresh or stored okra seeds caused by seed hardness. An experiment was carried to evaluate the effects of different priming on okra seeds germination and seedling vigor using Arka Anamika variety at Horticulture lab of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Investigation was carried out with 6 treatments (T1: seed priming with tap water, T2: seed priming with 200ppm NAA solution, T3: seed priming with 10% PEG-200 solution, T4: seed priming with 200ppm GA3 solution, T5: seed priming with 5% Trichoderma solution and T6 no priming) with 4 replications in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Seeds primed with T1 to T5 were soaked for 24 hours and shade dried for 6 hours before sowing. Priming with T4 was found to be best in terms of maximum seed germination (60.12%), seed vigor index (5772.68 cm), mean germination rate (7.53 seeds per day). The highest shoot length (81.40 mm) was observed at T1 whereas enhancement of root length occurred with the priming with T3. All treatments had a significant positive effect on all the germination parameters in comparison to control. The study concluded that GA3 priming enhanced germination as well as seed vigor in okra and hydro priming and tricho-priming can be used as an alternative to GA3 priming among farmers in Nepal.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN Durio zibethinus
Authors: Yen Yee Sarah Yew
Published: October 2021

Durio zibethinus, commonly known as Durian, is an exotic Southeast Asian tropical fruit. More than the pungent aroma the fruit is well-known for, it is said to be beneficial to health as it contains many antioxidants and bioactive compounds that have different potentials for positive impacts on health. However, there is scant existing literature which gives an overview on the amounts of bioactive compounds in several varieties of durian in Southeast Asia, and the relevant health benefits. This review article therefore seeks to consolidate the literature which have identified bioactive compounds and investigated antioxidant activities in durian cultivars from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and China, and studies that have given insight on potential medicinal properties of durians. A literature review was conducted using databases Scopus and ScienceDirect and a total of 30 articles were reviewed. Total polyphenols and flavonoids were highest in the Mon Thong cultivar compared to other Thailand varieties, and ripe or overripe durians were found to contain the highest amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids. Durians were also found to contain medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential, and protective effects on cardiac health. Further research on these bioactive compounds in the nutritious fruit with potential medicinal properties can contribute to the medicinal value of durians, as well as benefit the pharmaceutical industries.
EVALUATION OF SOIL NUTRIENT STATUS IN APPLE ORCHARDS LOCATED IN DIFFERENT ALTITUDES IN KALIKOT DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Baral Dhruba , Paudel Anup , Acharya Himal , Neupane Madhav Prasad
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted to assess the fertility status of different altitude of apple orchard and their effect upon soil nutrients and to study the relationship between different altitude and their availability. Seven different orchards located in 2800, 2700 2600, 2500, 2400, 2300 and 2200 at Apple Zone, Raskot, Kalikot were selected as treatments. They were replicated three times in Randomized Complete Block Design. Composite soil samples were collected in each study site from 0-3 ft soil depth in ‘W’ pattern from each plot. Analyses of soil samples were done in regional soil testing laboratory, Surkhet for chemical properties. There was a significant effect (p<0.05) of altitude on soil macronutrients except available potassium level. Maximum amounts of soil organic matter, acidic and soil rich in nitrogen and phosphorus were found in 2800 masl whereas more basic soil , poor soil organic matter and soil poor in nitrogen and phosphorus were found in 2200 masl. Result showed that in altitude of 2200 masl has poor soil nutrients compared to apple orchards in higher altitude. Kalikot is the top producer of apple in Nepal. This assessment will helps apple growers for adopting better nutrient management plan in their orchards according to the altitude in the district. Further, it is recommended to conduct soil nutrient assessments for all other apple growing regions in the country.
Time-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography System for Determining The Extinction Coefficient and Group Refractive Index of Gelatin-based Skin Phantoms
Authors: Galvez Maria Cecilia , Vallar Edgar , Shiina Tatsuo , Macalalad Ernest , Mandia Paulito
Published: October 2021

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, non-destructive optical imaging technique that uses a low coherence interferometer to obtain real-time cross-sectional images of samples. OCT is notably used in biomedical applications including ophthalmology and dermatology. Aside from generating cross-sectional images, axial scans can also provide additional information about its optical properties such as extinction coefficient and refractive index. This study determines the extinction coefficients and group refractive indices of gelatin-based skin phantoms using a portable time-domain (TD) – OCT system. The gelatin-based skin phantoms were fabricated with varying concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2), while keeping the amount of both gelatin and water constant. By changing the proportion of the gelatin powder and TiO2, skin phantoms can then be fabricated to mimic various skin conditions, both pathologic and non-pathologic. Results of the study found a positive correlation of extinction coefficient and refractive index with TiO2 concentration. Thus, increasing TiO2 concentration also increases both extinction coefficient and group refractive index. The median extinction coefficient values of the phantoms ranged from 4.29 mm−1 to 8.48 mm−1. Literature showed that the epidermis can have extinction coefficients of 1.64-7.3 mm−1. For refractive indices of the fabricated phantoms, values ranged from 1.32 to 1.48, while studies on human participants showed that human skin has refractive index values of 1.34-1.56. Based on these properties, it is feasible to fabricate phantoms simulating the optical properties of human skin.
Development of Discovery Learning Student Worksheets to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Chemical Balance Materials
Authors: Rizki Ainur , Khaldun Ibnu , Pada Andi Ulfa Tenri
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the quality of Discovery Learning Student Worksheets to improve students' critical thinking skills and increase students' Critical Thinking Skills on chemical equilibrium material. This study uses research development methods with the design of the Borg and Gall models. The samples in this study were 140 students of Al-Falah Islamic Senior High School Aceh Besar to develop Student Worksheets and 61 people of IT Al-Fitiyan Senior High School to implement Discovery Learning Student Worksheets. The instruments used were questions and student response questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses the percentage equation and analysis of students' critical thinking skills improvement using the N-gain equation and independent-sample t-test. The results showed that the quality of the Discovery Learning Student Worksheets could improve students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material, as evidenced by the results of the quality assessment of the Discovery Learning Student Worksheets from the validation results obtained an average of 79% with a decent category. The analysis of students' critical thinking skills proves that there is a difference in the average critical thinking skills of students before and after applying the Discovery Learning Student Worksheet on chemical equilibrium material with a Sig value. (2-tailed) < 0.05. The results obtained prove that the use of Discovery Learning Student Worksheets is better than conventional Student Worksheets in improving students' Critical Thinking Skills
Determined the Concentration Elements to Human Nail Using X- Ray Fluorescence Technique
Authors: Al-saedi Jamal K. , Hasan Nada M. , AbdAlhasan Ali A.
Published: October 2021

Cancer constitutes a serious disease and a major health problem in worldwide, a lot of people were infected with this dangerous disease, Therefore, there must be attention to this disease through diagnosis and prevention there. In this study, we determined the relationship between the Cancer and the concentration of trace elements by comparing the concentration trace elements for infected and non-infected people. The trace elements concentrations to nails are one of the diagnostic criteria that easily to detect and dated this disease without any harm to the patient. Eight nails samples were collected from cancer-infected and eight samples from non-infected of the relatives of first-degree. All samples were measured by the concentrations elements using X-ray fluorescence. The accuracy and precision were verified using standard samples. The results showed that the average concentrations of elements (Magnesium, silicon, potassium, calcium, ironand selenium,) were lower for cancer patients than their non-infected relatives and the trace elements (zinc, copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, manganese) were higher for cancer patients than their non-infected relatives. In conclusion, we need further studies to confirm the relationship between trace elements and cancer disease and attention the effect of diet and environmental risk of cancer.
On the Space of Primary La-submodules
Authors: Habeeb Eman Yahea
Published: October 2021

Suppose that F is a reciprocal ring which has a unity and suppose that H is an F-module. We topologize La-Prim(H), the set of all primary La-submodules of H , similar to that for FPrim(F), the spectrum of fuzzy primary ideals of F, and examine the characteristics of this topological space. Particularly, we will research the relation between La-Prim(H) and La-Prim(F/ Ann(H)) and get some results.
An Ensemble-Unsupervised-Learning-Based Approach for the Simultaneous Detection of Preknowledge in Examinees and Items when Both are Unknown
Authors: Pan Yiqin , Wollack James
Published: October 2021

Pan and Wollack (2021, PW21) proposed a machine learning method to detect compromised items. We extend PW21 to an approach detecting compromised items and examinees with item preknowledge simultaneously and draw on ideas in ensemble learning (Sagi & Rokach, 2018) to relax several limitations in PW21. The suggested approach also provides a confidence score which is based on an autoencoder (Goodfellow et al., 2016) to represent our confidence that the detection result truly corresponds to item preknowledge. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed approach performs well in the detection of item preknowledge, and the confidence score can provide helpful information for users.
The effect of lycopene and astaxanthin on the morphological parameters of edible chicken eggs under different storage regimes
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Honchar V. , Iakubchak O. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2021

The effect of feeding lycopene and astaxanthin to laying hens on the morphological parameters of edible eggs was investigated. The experiment consisted of three periods and lasted 90 days. For this, 3 groups of chickens were formed, 15 heads each. The control group was fed complete feed, the first for its research group - lycopene at doses of 20, 40, 60 mg/kg of compound feed, the second research group-astaxanthin at doses of 10, 20, 30 mg/kg of compound feed from 1 to 30, from 31 to 60, from 61 for 90 days, respectively. Eggs were taken from each group of laying hens and divided into two lots. The first batch was stored at 4±0.5 °C, and the second at 12±0.5°C. Both batches of eggs were stored for 30 days. Feeding hens-laying hens with lycopene at a dose of 20, 40, 60 mg/kg or astaxanthin at a dose of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg of compound feed does not affect the morphological parameters of eggs when stored at 4±0.5 °C. The addition of lycopene at a dose of 20 mg/kg or astaxanthin at a dose of 10 mg/kg of compound feed, at a temperature of 12±0.5 °C for 30 days, contributed to a decrease in the weight of chicken eggs by 0.66 and 0.92%, respectively, which happened by reducing the mass of protein by 1.01 and 1.73%, respectively. Storage of eggs for 30 days at a temperature of 12±0.5 °C obtained from chickens fed with supplements of both lycopene at a dose of 40 mg/kg and astaxanthin at a dose of 20 mg/kg of compound feed contributed to a decrease in egg weight by 0.75% and the mass of protein-by 1.13%, respectively, and by 0.78% – the mass of eggs and the mass of protein – by 1.02%, respectively. Storage of eggs from chickens that received supplements of lycopene at a dose of 60 mg/kg or astaxanthin at a dose of 30 mg/kg of compound feed at a temperature of 12±0.5 °C led to a decrease in the weight of eggs by 0.71 and 0.67%, respectively, and the weight of protein by 1.19 and 1.56%, respectively.
Influence of nanosilver preparation in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids on the mineral composition of chicken manure
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Dovbnia Y.Y. , Shevchenko L.V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Zheltonozhskaya Т.B. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Shulyak S.V. ,   State Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary Sanitary Examination
Published: October 2021

Nanosilver preparation is synthesized in the carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids in aqueous dispersion form by in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles in biocompatible and biodegradable polymer/inorganic hybrid based on silica sol and polyacrylamide. Hydrophilic polymer/inorganic hybrid used as a carrier for silver nanoparticles was synthesized by the developed method of directly grafting polyacrylamide "from" the unmodified surface of silica sol. The size of silver particles in the preparation was <10 nm. Studies have found that single, double and three-fold sprinkling of laying hens of nanosilver in polymer/inorganic hybrid carriers at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 mg/l (at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg per hen per day) did not affect the consumption of feed, water and egg productivity of poultry. The obtained nanosilver preparation is safe for laying hens and it does not cause disorders of clinical condition, diseases and poultry death during three-fold drinking with 10 days interval. After drinking the preparation of nanosilver to the laying hens at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg per head per day with an interval of 10 days, the dose-dependent amount of silver in the manure was increased only after a single drinking and after double and triple drinking, it did not affect the content of silver, copper, zinc, iron and lead. Single drinking of laying hens with a solution of silver nanoparticles in carriers based on polymer/hybrids at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l (0.2 mg per hen per day) increased the silver content in hen manure by 20% compared to the control group, and it did not affect the content of copper, zinc, iron and lead in manure. Nanosilver preparation at a concentration of 2.0 mg/l (0.4 mg per hen per day) increased the silver content by 44% in hen manure on the 10th day only after the first drinking of the preparation and it did not affect the content of copper, zinc, iron and lead compared to the control and with similar data of hens to which the same preparation was given at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l.
التمكين الإداري لرؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية وعلاقته بأداء أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة القصيم
Authors: بنت حمود الحربي برية
Published: October 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على درجة التمكين الإداري لرؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية في جامعة القصيم والتعرف على أداء أعضاء هيئة التدريس والكشف عن علاقة التمكين الإداري لرؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية بأداء أعضاء هيئة التدريس، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي في حين تكون مجتمع الدراسة من كافة رؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية بالكليات المختلفة بجامعة القصيم والبالغ عددهم 157 وتم اختيار جميع أفراد المجتمع كممثلين لعينة الدراسة، وأسفرت نتائج الدراسة عن: أن درجة التمكين الإداري لرؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية متحققة بدرجة كبيرة كما أن أداء أعضاء هيئة التدريس متحقق بدرجة عالية، وأنه لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائياً في التمكين الإداري لرؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية تعزى لمتغيرات سنوات الخبر، والرتبة الأكاديمية، والقسم، كذلك توجد علاقة ارتباطية موجبة دالة إحصائياً بين أداء أعضاء هيئة التدريس والتمكين الإداري لرؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية أما أهم توصيات الدراسة فتمثلت في: منح رؤساء الأقسام الأكاديمية مزيداً من الصلاحيات، وتطوير قدراتهم من خلال إتاحة الفرص التدريبية وإعادة النظر في نظام الحوافز، وزيادة الاهتمام بتوافر المعلومات و انسيابها بين المستويات الإدارية المختلفة.
Caracterização do conhecimento de pecuaristas gaúchos da serra do sudeste sobre o carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Krause Karine Moreira , Marques Sandra Márcia Tietz ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Lobato José Fernando Piva ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research project was to determine knowledge of the Rhipicephalus microplus tick among seventy cattle ranchers in the Caçapava do Sul and Lavras do Sul municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul State, through completing a structured questionnaire. The replies to the questions on the land areas covered by the properties show that 27%, 26%, 21.5%, 20% and 5.5% cover more than 500 hectares, between 150 and 300 hectares, between 300 and 500 hectares, between 50 and 150 hectares, and under 50 hectares, respectively; 75% of the ranchers are raising more than 100 head of cattle; 84.3% have cultivated grazing pastures and 15.7% have only native grasslands; 87.14% of the ranchers rated bovine babesiosis as the main tick-borne disease, and 76% checked out tick control products recommended by veterinarians. They mentioned 13 formulations and/or associations of tick control products. The tick control biogram test is a new tool for 58.6% of these cattle ranchers. Producers use late control, based on tick control chemicals.
Research of the Effect of Loading on Structural Elements of Articulated Machines for Road Construction
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Khachaturyan Serhiy , Ivanenko Oleh ,   National Automobile and Highway University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Shcherbak Oleh ,   National Automobile and Highway University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2021

On the basis of machines with an articulated frame it is possible to create a complex of machines for road construction, repair and maintenance. Therefore, a number of comprehensive studies are needed to increase their reliability and durability. This is especially true of the main joints of the articulated joint and the hydraulic steering, which ensure the rotation of the frame parts around the vertical hinge. The research was performed in two stages. At the first stage the mathematical model of dynamic interaction of the working equipment of the car with the developed environment was created and investigated. In the second stage, a machine experiment was performed to determine the loads on the bearing system. The mathematical model is based on the physical model of the loader, which consists of three elements: two hinged parts of the frame, one installed energy module, the other ‒ the technological module and the connecting and control module. The Lagrange equation of the second kind served as a basis for modeling the dynamics of the equivalent calculated dynamic model. The solution of the complex system of differential equations allowed to obtain all the required values, which have a significant impact on the formation of the load of the coupling-control device. According to the results of mathematical modeling, the ranking of factors that affect the load of the hydraulic drive of the coupling and control device. The machine experiment allowed to determine the load on the load-bearing system and to study the effect of the impact loads from the working equipment on the hinged connection of the frame parts. As the analysis of the mathematical model showed, the place of application of force to the bucket, the angle of assembly of the frame parts and the initial speed of the loader have a significant effect on the load of the hydraulic drive. The load of the hydraulic cylinders is determined by the place of application of force to the bucket. The change in the circular torque of the coupling and control module, taking into account the characteristics of the material being developed and the stiffness of the tires, must be taken into account when calculating the frame of the articulated machine and the hydraulic drive.