bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S2 from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Unifies Developmental Programs of Esophageal and Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Nowicki-Osuch Karol , Zhuang Lizhe , Cheung Tik Shing , Black Emily L. , Masqué-Soler Neus , Devonshire Ginny , Redmond Aisling M. , Freeman Adam , di Pietro Massimilliano , Pilonis Nastazja , Januszewicz Wladyslaw , O'Donovan Maria , Tavaré Simon , Shields Jacqueline D. , Fitzgerald Rebecca C.
Published: May 2023

This table contains marker genes identified in each cluster of cells.
Data from Tracing Founder Mutations in Circulating and Tissue-Resident Follicular Lymphoma Precursors
Authors: Schroers-Martin Joseph G. , Soo Joanne , Brisou Gabriel , Scherer Florian , Kurtz David M. , Sworder Brian J. , Khodadoust Michael S. , Jin Michael C. , Bru Agnès , Liu Chih Long , Stehr Henning , Vineis Paolo , Natkunam Yasodha , Teras Lauren R. , Song Joo Y. , Nadel Bertrand , Diehn Maximilian , Roulland Sandrine , Alizadeh Ash A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Follicular lymphomas (FL) are characterized by BCL2 translocations, often detectable in blood years before FL diagnosis, but also observed in aging healthy individuals, suggesting additional lesions are required for lymphomagenesis. We directly characterized early cooperating mutations by ultradeep sequencing of prediagnostic blood and tissue specimens from 48 subjects who ultimately developed FL. Strikingly, CREBBP lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) domain mutations were the most commonly observed precursor lesions, and largely distinguished patients developing FL (14/48, 29%) from healthy adults with or without detected BCL2 rearrangements (0/13, P = 0.03 and 0/20, P = 0.007, respectively). CREBBP variants were detectable a median of 5.8 years before FL diagnosis, were clonally selected in FL tumors, and appeared restricted to the committed B-cell lineage. These results suggest that mutations affecting the CREBBP KAT domain are common lesions in FL cancer precursor cells (CPC), with the potential for discriminating subjects at risk of developing FL or monitoring residual disease.
Significance:
Our study provides direct evidence for recurrent genetic aberrations preceding FL diagnosis, revealing the combination of BCL2 translocation with CREBBP KAT domain mutations as characteristic committed lesions of FL CPCs. Such prediagnostic mutations are detectable years before clinical diagnosis and may help discriminate individuals at risk for lymphoma development.
Data from Late-Stage Metastatic Melanoma Emerges through a Diversity of Evolutionary Pathways
Authors: Spain Lavinia , Coulton Alexander , Lobon Irene , Rowan Andrew , Schnidrig Desiree , Shepherd Scott T.C. , Shum Benjamin , Byrne Fiona , Goicoechea Maria , Piperni Elisa , Au Lewis , Edmonds Kim , Carlyle Eleanor , Hunter Nikki , Renn Alexandra , Messiou Christina , Hughes Peta , Nobbs Jaime , Foijer Floris , van den Bos Hilda , Wardenaar Rene , Spierings Diana C.J. , Spencer Charlotte , Schmitt Andreas M. , Tippu Zayd , Lingard Karla , Grostate Lauren , Peat Kema , Kelly Kayleigh , Sarker Sarah , Vaughan Sarah , Mangwende Mary , Terry Lauren , Kelly Denise , Biano Jennifer , Murra Aida , Korteweg Justine , Lewis Charlotte , O'Flaherty Molly , Cattin Anne-Laure , Emmerich Max , Gerard Camille L. , Pallikonda Husayn Ahmed , Lynch Joanna , Mason Robert , Rogiers Aljosja , Xu Hang , Huebner Ariana , McGranahan Nicholas , Al Bakir Maise , Murai Jun , Naceur-Lombardelli Cristina , Borg Elaine , Mitchison Miriam , Moore David A. , Falzon Mary , Proctor Ian , Stamp Gordon W.H. , Nye Emma L. , Young Kate , Furness Andrew J.S. , Pickering Lisa , Stewart Ruby , Mahadeva Ula , Green Anna , Larkin James , Litchfield Kevin , Swanton Charles , Jamal-Hanjani Mariam , Turajlic Samra
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary pathways to metastasis and resistance to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in melanoma is critical for improving outcomes. Here, we present the most comprehensive intrapatient metastatic melanoma dataset assembled to date as part of the Posthumous Evaluation of Advanced Cancer Environment (PEACE) research autopsy program, including 222 exome sequencing, 493 panel-sequenced, 161 RNA sequencing, and 22 single-cell whole-genome sequencing samples from 14 ICI-treated patients. We observed frequent whole-genome doubling and widespread loss of heterozygosity, often involving antigen-presentation machinery. We found KIT extrachromosomal DNA may have contributed to the lack of response to KIT inhibitors of a KIT-driven melanoma. At the lesion-level, MYC amplifications were enriched in ICI nonresponders. Single-cell sequencing revealed polyclonal seeding of metastases originating from clones with different ploidy in one patient. Finally, we observed that brain metastases that diverged early in molecular evolution emerge late in disease. Overall, our study illustrates the diverse evolutionary landscape of advanced melanoma.
Significance:
Despite treatment advances, melanoma remains a deadly disease at stage IV. Through research autopsy and dense sampling of metastases combined with extensive multiomic profiling, our study elucidates the many mechanisms that melanomas use to evade treatment and the immune system, whether through mutations, widespread copy-number alterations, or extrachromosomal DNA.
Supplementary Methods from Enhanced Detection of Landmark Minimal Residual Disease in Lung Cancer using Cell-Free DNA Fragmentomics
Authors: Wang Siwei , Xia Zhijun , You Jing , Gu Xiaolan , Meng Fanchen , Chen Peng , Tang Wanxiangfu , Bao Hua , Zhang Jingyuan , Wu Xue , Shao Yang , Wang Jie , Zuo Xianglin , Xu Lin , Yin Rong
Published: May 2023

Additional methods for Coxnet models
Supplementary Figure S2 from Enhanced Detection of Landmark Minimal Residual Disease in Lung Cancer using Cell-Free DNA Fragmentomics
Authors: Wang Siwei , Xia Zhijun , You Jing , Gu Xiaolan , Meng Fanchen , Chen Peng , Tang Wanxiangfu , Bao Hua , Zhang Jingyuan , Wu Xue , Shao Yang , Wang Jie , Zuo Xianglin , Xu Lin , Yin Rong
Published: May 2023

Different cross-validation results of Coxnet model using fragmentomics profiles
Supplementary Figure S2 from Nuclear export inhibitor Selinexor enhances oncolytic myxoma virus therapy against cancer
Authors: Rahman Masmudur M. , Oosterom Fleur van , Enow Junior A. , Hossain Maksuda , Gutierrez-Jensen Ami D. , Cashen Mackenzie , Everts Anne , Lowe Kenneth , Kilbourne Jacquelyn , Daggett-Vondras Juliane , Karr Timothy L , McFadden Grant
Published: May 2023

Tumor burden of individual mouse received Colo205 cells.
FIGURE 1 from Prediagnostic CT or MRI Utilization and Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: SEER-Medicare Database Analysis
Authors: Karim Mohammad A. , Singal Amit G. , Kum Hye Chung , Lee Yi-Te , Park Sulki , Rich Nicole E. , Noureddin Mazen , Yang Ju Dong
Published: May 2023

Distribution of PTC with ultrasound (US) or CT/MRI for patients with HCC. A, Distribution of PTC with ultrasound for all the patients with HCC in the study. B, Distribution of PTC with CT/MRI for all the patients with HCC in the study. CT, computed tomography; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PTC, proportion of time covered.
Data from Enhanced Detection of Landmark Minimal Residual Disease in Lung Cancer using Cell-Free DNA Fragmentomics
Authors: Wang Siwei , Xia Zhijun , You Jing , Gu Xiaolan , Meng Fanchen , Chen Peng , Tang Wanxiangfu , Bao Hua , Zhang Jingyuan , Wu Xue , Shao Yang , Wang Jie , Zuo Xianglin , Xu Lin , Yin Rong
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Currently, ~30–55% of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop recurrence due to minimal residual disease (MRD) after receiving surgical resection of the tumor. This study aims to develop an ultra-sensitive and affordable fragmentomic assay for MRD detection in NSCLC patients. A total of 87 NSCLC patients, who received curative surgical resections (23 patients relapsed during follow-up), enrolled in this study. A total of 163 plasma samples, collected at 7 days and 6 months postsurgical, were used for both whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and targeted sequencing. WGS-based cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragment profile was used to fit regularized cox regression models, and leave-one-out cross-validation was further used to evaluate models' performance. The models showed excellent performances in detecting patients with a high risk of recurrence. At 7 days postsurgical, the high-risk patients detected by our model showed an increased risk of 4.6 times, while the risk increased to 8.3 times at 6 months post-surgical. These fragmentomics determined higher risk compared to the targeted sequencing based circulating mutations both at 7 days and 6 months postsurgical. The overall sensitivity for detecting patients with recurrence reached 78.3% while using both fragmentomics and mutation results from 7 days and 6 months postsurgical, which increased from the 43.5% sensitivity by using only the circulating mutations. The fragmentomics showed great sensitivity in predicting patient recurrence compared to the traditional circulating mutation, especially after the surgery for early-stage NSCLC, therefore exhibiting great potential to guide adjuvant therapeutics.
Influence of Obesity on Coronary Artery Disease and Clinical Outcomes in the ADVANCE Registry
Authors: Lowenstern Angela , Ng Nicholas , Takagi Hidenobu , Rymer Jennifer A. , Koweek Lynne M. , Douglas Pamela S. , Duran Jessica M. , Rabbat Mark , Pontone Gianluca , Fairbairn Timothy , Chinnaiyan Kavitha , Berman Daniel S. , De Bruyne Bernard , Bax Jeroen J. , Akasaka Takashi , Amano Tetsuya , Nieman Koen , Rogers Campbell , Kitabata Hironori , Sand Niels P.R. , Kawasaki Tomohiro , Mullen Sarah , Matsuo Hitoshi , Norgaard Bjarne L. , Patel Manesh R. , Leipsic Jonathan , Daubert Melissa A.
Published: May 2023

Background:

The relationship between body size and cardiovascular events is complex. This study utilized the ADVANCE (Assessing Diagnostic Value of Noninvasive FFR
CT
in Coronary Care) Registry to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI), coronary artery disease (CAD), and clinical outcomes.

Methods:

The ADVANCE registry enrolled patients undergoing evaluation for clinically suspected CAD who had >30% stenosis on cardiac computed tomography angiography. Patients were stratified by BMI: normal <25 kg/m
2
, overweight 25–29.9 kg/m
2
, and obese ≥30 kg/m
2
. Baseline characteristics, cardiac computed tomography angiography and computed tomography fractional flow reserve (FFR
CT
), were compared across BMI groups. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between BMI and outcomes.

Results:

Among 5014 patients, 2166 (43.2%) had a normal BMI, 1883 (37.6%) were overweight, and 965 (19.2%) were obese. Patients with obesity were younger and more likely to have comorbidities, including diabetes and hypertension (all
P
<0.001), but were less likely to have obstructive coronary stenosis (65.2% obese, 72.2% overweight, and 73.2% normal BMI;
P
<0.001). However, the rate of hemodynamic significance, as indicated by a positive FFR
CT
, was similar across BMI categories (63.4% obese, 66.1% overweight, and 67.8% normal BMI;
P
=0.07). Additionally, patients with obesity had a lower coronary volume-to-myocardial mass ratio compared with patients who were overweight or had normal BMI (obese BMI, 23.7; overweight BMI, 24.8; and normal BMI, 26.3;
P
<0.001). After adjustment, the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events was similar regardless of BMI (all
P
>0.05).

Conclusions:

Patients with obesity in the ADVANCE registry were less likely to have anatomically obstructive CAD by cardiac computed tomography angiography but had a similar degree of physiologically significant CAD by FFR
CT
and similar rates of adverse events. An exclusively anatomic assessment of CAD in patients with obesity may underestimate the burden of physiologically significant disease that is potentially due to a significantly lower volume-to-myocardial mass ratio.
Disability-Adjusted Life Years Due to Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States: A CARES Surveillance Group Study
Authors: Coute Ryan A. , Nathanson Brian H. , DeMasi Stephanie , Mader Timothy J. , Kurz Michael C. ,   for the CARES Surveillance Group*
Published: May 2023

Background:

Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) are a common public health metric used to estimate disease burden. The DALY due to pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the United States is unknown. We aimed to estimate pediatric OHCA DALY and to compare it with the other leading causes of pediatric death and disability in the United States.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective observational analysis of the national Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival database. DALY were calculated as the sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability. Years of life lost were calculated using all pediatric (age <18 years) nontraumatic OHCA from the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival from 2016 to 2020. Disability weights based on cerebral performance category scores, an outcome measure of neurologic function, were used to estimate years lived with disability . Data were reported as total, mean, and rate per 100 000 individuals, and were compared with the leading causes of pediatric DALY in the United States published by the Global Burden of Disease study for 2019.

Results:

Totally 11 177 OHCA met the study inclusion criteria. A modest increase in total OHCA DALY in the United States was observed from 407 500 (years of life lost = 407 435 and years lived with disability =65) in 2016 to 415 113 (years of life lost = 415 055 and years lived with disability =58) in 2020. The DALY rate increased from 553.3 per 100 000 individuals in 2016 to 568.3 per 100 000 individuals in 2020. For 2019, OHCA was the 10th leading cause of pediatric DALY lost behind neonatal disorders, injuries, mental disorders, premature birth, musculoskeletal disorders, congenital birth defects, skin diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and asthma.

Conclusions:

Nontraumatic OHCA is one of the top 10 leading causes of annual pediatric DALY lost in the United States
Racial Differences in Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure Treated With Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis of the CHIEF-HF, DEFINE-HF, and PRESERVED-HF Trials
Authors: Gupta Kashvi , Spertus John A. , Birmingham Mary , Gosch Kensey L. , Husain Mansoor , Kitzman Dalane W. , Pitt Bertram , Shah Sanjiv J. , Januzzi James L. , Lingvay Ildiko , Butler Javed , Kosiborod Mikhail , Lanfear David E.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

Health status outcomes, including symptoms, function, and quality of life, are worse for Black compared with White patients with heart failure. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce cardiovascular mortality and improve health status in patients with heart failure, but whether the health status benefit of SGLT2is is similar across races is not established. The objective of this study was to compare the treatment effect of SGLT2is (versus placebo) on health status for Black compared with White patients with heart failure.

METHODS:

We combined patient-level data from 3 randomized clinical trials of SGLT2is: DEFINE-HF (Dapagliflozin Effect on Symptoms and Biomarkers in Patients With Heart Failure; n=263), PRESERVED-HF (Dapagliflozin in Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure; n=324), and CHIEF-HF (A Study on Impact of Canagliflozin on Health Status, Quality of Life, and Functional Status in Heart Failure; n=448). These 3 United States–based trials enrolled a substantial proportion of Black patients, and each used the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) to measure health status at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. Among 1035 total participants, selecting self-identified Black and White patients with complete information yielded a final analytic cohort of 935 patients. The primary endpoint was KCCQ Clinical Summary score. Twelve-week change in KCCQ with SGLT2is versus placebo was compared between Black and White patients by testing the interaction between race and treatment using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for trial, baseline KCCQ (as a restricted cubic spline), race, and treatment. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

RESULTS:

Among 935 participants, 236 (25%) self-identified as Black, and 469 (50.2%) were treated with an SGLT2i. Treatment with an SGLT2i, compared with placebo, resulted in KCCQ Clinical Summary score improvements at 12 weeks of +4.0 points (95% CI, 1.7–6.3;
P
=0.0007) in White patients and +4.7 points (95% CI, 0.7–8.7;
P
=0.02) in Black patients, with no significant interaction by race and treatment (
P
=0.76). Other KCCQ scales showed similar results.

CONCLUSIONS:

Treatment with an SGLT2i resulted in consistent and significant improvements in health status for both Black and White patients with heart failure.
Morphological and molecular characterisation of Mulveyellus aizawlensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Iotonchinae) from Aizawl, Mizoram, India
Authors: Singh Samandram Sushilkumar , Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Singh Sorokhaibam Mexico , Singh Mayanglambam Ojit Kumar , Meitei Naorem Mohilal
Published: May 2023

Analysis of a soil sample from Aizawl district of Mizoram, India, led to the discovery of Mulveyellus aizawlensis sp. n. The new species is presented with female morphological data and molecular data of the D2-D3 expansion segment of 28S and 18S of rDNA, and phylogenetic analysis data based on these sequences. Mulveyellus aizawlensis sp. n. is morphologically characterised by a ventrally arcuate female body, presence of minute transverse striations on cuticle, a barrel-shaped buccal cavity, a dorsal tooth at anterior half of the buccal cavity, toothless subventral wall, distinct cup-shaped amphids located at the level of the dorsal tooth, a tuberculate pharyngo-intestinal junction, bean-shaped pars refrigens vaginae, a didelphic-amphidelphic reproductive system, a conoid ventrally-arcuate tail, and absence of caudal glands and spinneret. This study presents molecular data of the genus Mulveyellus for the first time and revealed a close phylogenetic relationship of this genus with Prionchulus.
The Afterlife of Eurasian Long-distance Correspondence: From Jesuit Epistle to European Print
Authors: Givon Yuval
Published: May 2023

This article carefully examines the long trajectory of a seventeenth-century letter in order to contribute to scholarship on the circulation and reproduction of information from Asia in European print in the early modern period. The letter was written by the Jesuit missionary and traveler Johann Grueber (1623–1680) to his colleague in Rome, the renowned scholar Athanasius Kircher (1602–1680). Spanning over a century of circulation and moving between the original context of Chinese missionary work in which the letter was composed and the scholarly networks throughout which it later circulated in Europe, the article elucidates the spread and evolution of Eurasian long-distance information in the early modern period, particularly between manuscript and print. It also examines how writers and publishers in Europe made selective use of the information within those manuscripts in their printed works, from the seventeenth century into the era of Enlightenment. The article thereby offers insights into questions of composition, authorship, reproduction, and distribution in the making of long-distance Eurasian information exchanges during the early modern period.
“A Bank of Trust”: Legal Practices of Ottoman Finance Between Empires
Authors: Nye Ellen M.
Published: May 2023

How agreements were maintained and enforced beyond state-backed systems is among the least understood aspects of Ottoman legal history. This article reveals how merchants’ engagement with Ottoman state finance intertwined private and state-backed legal practices through a letter-book written entirely in Ottoman Turkish belonging to a seventeenth-century English merchant, Peter Whitcomb, who provided financial services to Ottoman officials across the empire. As a rare example of surviving early modern mercantile correspondence in Ottoman Turkish, Whitcomb’s letters to distant officials expose Ottoman financial epistolary culture and a wide range of alternative methods of dispute resolution. By combining these letters with court records, this article shows how Ottoman finance’s layers of devolved authority themselves relied on a range of legal practices that encompassed a language of reciprocity and reputation, established Ottoman documentary forms, intercessions on an individual’s behalf, appeals to elites, petitions to the grand vizier, and appearances in Ottoman sharīʿa courts. The capacity of Ottoman state finance to incorporate a foreigner like Whitcomb into its fiscal apparatus through this breadth of legal practices further suggests that we should revisit domestic narratives of competitive early modern state formation to include inter-imperial actors.
Not Afraid of My Sponsor
Authors: Cooley Claire
Published: May 2023

This article considers the role of media infrastructures in the U.A.E. racializing the South Asian migrant workers making, maintaining and interacting with them. Employing a sonic methodology, I historicize these infrastructures and legacies of racialization by considering the fiber optic cables carrying telecommunications in the region and their positioning along colonial trade routes, telegraph networks and other pathways connecting British colonies. These cables have more recently facilitated U.S. military interests and the growing importance of the U.A.E. as a hub for logistics. After analyzing sound and sound-related metaphors concerning the U.A.E.’s increasing power as a media hub in the region, facilitated by its media infrastructures, I argue that we can ‘hear’ how media infrastructures exploit and racialize labor but also enable a space for laborers to come together and absorb the pressure of neoliberal work.
Bronze Fish
Authors: Hudson Mark , Muñoz Fernández Irene M.
Published: May 2023

The Bronze Age was a time of pivotal economic change when new long-distance trading networks became associated with a macro-regional division of labour and decentralised political complexity. These developments occurred against the background of a shifting mosaic of subsistence patterns, which included the east-west exchange of crops across Eurasia and (in some areas) greater use of secondary products. As Bronze Age economies became more specialised and diverse, it might be assumed that there was also an increased emphasis on the procurement and trade of fish and other marine resources. However, archaeological analyses of such resources are limited in contrast to land-based subsistence patterns and many questions remain. This essay aims to build a broad interpretive framework for analysing the role of marine resources in the Bronze Age. Our provisional results find that an increased emphasis on specialist systems of agropastoralism reduced the use of marine resources in many parts of Eurasia during this period. However, evidence from Japan and the eastern Mediterranean suggests that, at least in some regions, marine resources became commodities traded over long-distances by the late Bronze Age, though this requires further quantification. Island Southeast Asia displays a different pattern from other regions considered here in a greater continuity of marine resource use from the Neolithic into the historic era, perhaps due to a lower reliance on agropastoralism.
Oligosoma aureocola sp. nov. (Reptilia: Scincidae) from the northern Southland high country of Aotearoa/New Zealand
Authors: KNOX CAREY , PATTERSON GEOFF B. , CHAPPLE DAVID G.
Published: May 2023

A species of diurnal skink from the Mataura Range and Mid Dome in central northern Southland, Aotearoa/New Zealand is described as Oligosoma aureocola sp. nov. It is a small species, coloured mid- to dark brown with smooth longitudinal stripes, and lives along rocky alpine ridges, low-stature shrublands, and tussock grasslands. This skink is a conspicuous species, easily sighted basking and foraging in talus or alpine plants such as golden spear grass (Aciphylla aurea).
Benthic ostracods (Crustacea) from the Vitória-Trindade Chain, South Atlantic Ocean, with the description of five new species
Authors: LUZ NATHALIA CARVALHO DA , COIMBRA JOÃO CARLOS
Published: May 2023

This work is the second part of the analysis of ostracods from the Vitória-Trindade Chain ̶ consisting of four seamounts and Trindade Island—which resulted in the recording of 28 species belonging to 14 genera and eight families. Five new species of Cytherellidae, Bairdiidae, Bythocytheridae, and Xestoleberididae are described in this paper, as follows: Keijcyoidea oceanica sp. nov., Bairdoppilata vitoriensis sp. nov., Vandenboldina kyryia sp. nov., Xestoleberis acuminata sp. nov. and Xestoleberis caperata sp. nov.
Remote Sensing Monitoring Model of Tobacco Growth and Yield Based on Ecological Process and Carbon Cycle
Authors: Jiang Yangming , Shao Xiaodong , Li Liping , Wang Tuo , Zhao Huihui , Hou Qiuqiang , Du Xin , Gulimire Fulati
Published: May 2023

Tobacco growth monitoring and yield estimation are very important for tobacco planting control and allocation. However, traditional tobacco yield estimation models have not considered the light energy utilization, carbon cycle, and ecological processes, resulting in the mechanisms poorly
explained and the reduced monitoring accuracy. To address these limitations, a tobacco yield remote sensing monitoring model based on ecological process and carbon cycle was proposed. The model couples the Carbon Exchange between Vegetation, Soil, and Atmosphere (CEVSA) ecosystem process model
and the global production efficiency model (GLO-PEM), to simulate effective solar radiation and tobacco light energy utilization, stress effects of surface air temperature, water vapour pressure deficit and photosynthetic effective radiation. Then the tobacco gross primary production (GPP),
net primary productivity (NPP), tobacco biomass were estimated. Finally, the tobacco yield estimation model based on the correlation between tobacco yield and NPP was proposed. The results showed that there was a significant correlation (correlation= 0.94) between NPP and tobacco leaves weight
at 99% confidence level, and the yield estimated by the remote sensing monitoring model was in good agreement with the measured results, with errors of Class I, II, III were 9.644%, 4.316%, and 8.495% respectively. In conclusion, the proposed model can be used to estimate tobacco yield, support
decision-making of tobacco planting plan, and strengthen purchasing management.
Matrix Solid-Phase Extraction of Nine Pesticide Residues from Vegetables Based on Mesoporous Carbon via an Alternative Sample Preparation Approach
Authors: Yuan Caixia , You Yina , Wang Yu , Hong Xia , He Haining , Lin Xiaoyu , Chen Zhenbin
Published: May 2023

In this work, an n-octadecylamine functionalized mesoporous carbon nanocomposite (ODA-MPC) was synthesized, and its novel application was demonstrated by utilizing it as a sorbent in matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) of nine pesticide residues identified by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometer. Here, the protection of the sorbent by the mesoporous fiber membrane enabled it to process complex aqueous matrices and made it advantageous to be used in MSPD. The results confirmed the excellent ability of ODA-MPC to remove matrix interferences and reduce matrix effects compared
to the traditional solid phase extraction. In particular, the recoveries were 85.0–95.8% (n = 3) with relative standard deviations less than 5%. Additionally, nine pesticide residues in vegetables and fruit were satisfactorily extracted and detected.
Structural Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Passion Fruit By-Product for Removal of Cholesterol and Toxic Compound in Liquid Food
Authors: Chen Bo Jie , Yang Liping , Sun Yeying , Zhong Shiqian , Liang Guohuan , Sun Yongjin , Jiang Tiemin , Li Xia , Zhou Li , Khoo Hock Eng
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to determine the structural characteristics and adsorption capacities of a novel activated carbon prepared from passion fruit by-product. Passion fruit peel was carbonized and structurally modified using phosphoric acid-potassium hydroxide reagent before carbon activation.
Industrial-activated carbon was used as a control sample. The surface functional groups and adsorption capacities of the activated carbon samples were determined. The results showed that the chemical-modified activated carbon had anhydride and carboxylic acid as the main functional groups
on the carbon surface, together with several conformations of the hydroxyl group. These hydroxyl confirmations were in alkoxy and carboxylate forms but not phenoxy. The peel-based activated carbon had a smoother carbon surface with multiple micropores, whereas the carbon surface of industrial
activated carbon was rough with multiple meso- and macropores. The methylene blue adsorption capacity (0.1 mg/mL methylene blue) of the peel-based activated carbon (99.97±0.01%) was comparable to the industrial activated carbon (100.00±0.01%). But the peel-based activated carbon
had better cholesterol and albumin adsorption capacities than the industrial activated carbon. Since activated carbon prepared from the fruit peel has better adsorption capacities of cholesterol and other chemicals in liquid foods, it can replace the wood-based activated carbon in food and
pharmaceutical applications.
Analysis of Fungal Diversity of Three Samples (dqjq_ck, dqjqcp and dqjp3) from Danquan Distillery
Authors: Wu Haifeng , Li Jieli , Zhang Juntong , Wu Shiya , Xiang Xiaohao , Lu Zujun , Shang Changhua
Published: May 2023

There are fungal communities in fermented grains and high-temperature Daqu of Danquan Baijiu, which had an important effect on Baijiu production. As a saccharifying and fermenting material, to a great extent, Daqu determines Baijiu flavour. However, in high-temperature Daqu “dqjq_ck”
and “dqjqcp” (after fermentation for 45 d, 135 d) and fermented grains dqjp3 originated from Danquan distillery, fungal communities remain unclear. Therefore, this study analyzed fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing. Their fungal communities mainly included Ascomycota
at phylum level. The most abundant fungal genera were Aspergillus, Issatchenkia and Zygosaccharomyces in dqjq_ck, dqjqcp, dqjp3, respectively. The dominant genera included Aspergillus (96.21%), Thermomyces (2.13%) in dqjq_ck. The dominant genera contained
Issatchenkia (48.29%), Millerozyma (14.53%), Thermoascus (12.17%), Aspergillus (8.80%), Hyphopichia (3.28%), Rhizomucor (3.17%), Lichtheimia (2.62%), Thermomyces (2.27%), Monascus (1.37%) in dqjqcp. The dominant genera had Zygosaccharomyces
(68.48%), Monascus (15.18%), Aspergillus (6.97%), Cladosporium (1.12%) in dqjp3. The main fungi included Aspergillus, Zygosaccharomyces, Issatchenkia, Monascus, Millerozyma, Thermoascus, Thermomyces, Hyphopichia,
Rhizomucor, Lichtheimia and Cladosporium in three samples. The fungal succession of three samples were revealed in three key stages of Danquan Baijiu production. This paper will lay the basis for screening outstanding fungi to enhance Danquan Baijiu quality in near future.
Outcomes Following Below Knee Arterial Trauma
Authors: Croman Millicent , Lamberton Tessa , Covington Audrey , Keeley Jessica A
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Lower extremity vascular injuries have significant implications for trauma patients with regards to morbidity from limb loss. There is limited evidence on outcomes for patients with injuries to tibial arteries. Our study focuses on defining outcomes of traumatic vascular injury to vessels below the knee.

Methods

A retrospective review using ICD-9 and 10 codes of all patients with below knee vascular injuries was performed at a Level 1 trauma center from November 2014 to June 2022. Interventions, outcomes, and complications were assessed.

Results

Seventy-six patients were identified fitting inclusion criteria. The mean age was 35.3 +/− 15.2 years and 67 (88%) patients were male. Thirty-nine suffered penetrating trauma, 37 suffered blunt trauma. The most injured artery was posterior tibial artery (40%) followed by anterior tibial artery (36%). Injuries included 51 transections, 22 occlusions and 4 pseudoaneurysms. Forty-five (59%) patients underwent operative intervention. Thirty (67%) operations were performed by trauma surgery. Arterial ligation was performed in 30 cases (67%), arterial bypass in 12 (27%), and 2 (4%) primary amputations. Vascular surgery performed all bypasses. Overall amputation rate was 8% ( n = 6) with 3 for mangled extremity and 3 due to failed bypass graft. All amputations were associated with open fracture and amputations for failed bypass had multiple arterial injuries.

Conclusion

The management of below knee vascular trauma requires a multidisciplinary approach. Patients requiring reconstruction are more likely to have multiple vessel injuries and may have significant risk of graft failure. These patients as well as those with extensive soft tissue injury and/or multi-vessel injuries are at increased risk for amputation
Social-Market Hybridity in Social Ventures: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Fu Jiawei Sophia
Published: May 2023

Growing research suggests social ventures (SVs) variably combine social and profit orientations in core organizational features, and this variation in hybridity leads to divergent organizational dynamics and outcomes. However, no comprehensive and precise measurement scale has emerged to capture the varying degrees of hybridity across SVs. To advance theory and empirical research, this study presents an instrument for assessing how organizational actors perceive the degree to which social and market logics are (a) compatible and (b) central to organizational functioning. An inductive-confirmatory two-study approach ( Nstudy1 = 293, Nstudy2 = 315) validates a hybridity scale—composed of 6-item compatibility and 4-item centrality factors—for U.S. nonprofit organizations, benefit corporations, and social enterprises. Moreover, results reveal perceived compatibility is associated with SVs’ revenue structure, whereas centrality is related to their legal status. The development of this scale will facilitate large-scale quantitative research that systematically examines the varied nature, drivers, and implications of organizational hybridity.
Progressive Politics and Policy Setting: Examining Criminal Justice Reform Efforts by Black Prosecutors
Authors: Henry Tri Keah S. , Fordham Tyeisha , Mitchell Julius
Published: May 2023

Increasing awareness of racial disparities in case processing and sentencing has led justice reform advocates to challenge locally elected officials, specifically chief prosecutors, to address disparate treatment through criminal justice reforms. Elected prosecutors within across several jurisdictions have attempted to address these concerns by adopting “smart-on-crime” policies. However, the extent to which chief prosecutors have adopted such policies has been unexplored empirically. Additionally, little is known about prosecutors’ support for these changes in smaller jurisdictions. The current study explores the political platforms and reform efforts of progressive-oriented prosecutors, highlighting the reform efforts of Black chief prosecutors. Findings suggest that reformed-minded Black prosecutors adopt policies aimed at addressing disparate treatment and positively influencing public perceptions and legitimacy of the office.
The Effect of Nature-Based Adventure Interventions on Depression: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rosa Claudio D. , Chaves Talisson S. , Collado Silvia , Larson Lincoln R. , Profice Christiana C.
Published: May 2023

We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence of the effect of nature-based adventure (NBA) interventions on depressive symptoms. Our search was conducted in April 2021 and utilized the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Forty-two studies ( n = 2,689 participants) with different designs, published between 1979 and 2021, were included. Collectively, results suggest highly variable effects of NBA interventions on depressive symptoms, ranging from reductions in mean depression scores of up to 64% to increases in means scores of up to 18%. Patient adherence to interventions was also variable, and serious adverse events (e.g., leg fractures) did occur. Despite variability across studies, research generally showed that mountain-based and surfing interventions, coupled with other forms of care, may substantially reduce adults’ depressive symptoms more than usual care alone or no intervention, highlighting the potential benefits of some NBA activities for individuals experiencing depressive symptoms.
Why Digital Transformation May Fail – And What Can Be Done About It
Authors: Heracleous Loizos , Gledhill David
Published: May 2023

Digital transformations are as widespread as the chances of success are dismal. We highlight key reasons for failure and outline three strategies for change that can increase the chances of success. Organizations should help both business leaders and technology leaders understand and appreciate each other's perspectives; and create shared ownership of the transformation. In-house technology DNA should be nurtured; shared targets should be developed; and constant efforts to integrate business and technology perspectives should be instituted.
Campus Collaboration as a Gateway to Public Sociology: A Guide For “Unmuzzling” Graduate Student Instructors
Authors: Livingstone Stacey
Published: May 2023

Graduate students face obstacles when attempting to pursue public sociology in general, but specifically when they desire to utilize public sociology as both a research and teaching orientation that fully incorporates undergraduate students. Drawing on a two-year public sociology project on student financial security challenges, the author advocates for graduate students interested in public sociology to engage in campus collaborations, where connections between undergraduate students and campus partners are forged based on relevant campus resources easily accessible to graduate students. Based on the specifics of the author’s campus collaboration, six tips emerge for graduate students interested in replicating this approach to public sociology early in their careers. Gaining familiarity with conducting public sociology that fully incorporates undergraduate students in graduate school, a model that has been shown to benefit students, community partners, and sociology as a discipline, will prepare graduate student instructors to implement the model when they become faculty.
The impact of PV panels on cooling and heating loads of residential buildings in a humid subtropical climate zone
Authors: Albatayneh Aiman , Albadaineh Renad , Karasneh Dina
Published: May 2023

Installing photovoltaic (PV) panels on the roofs of homes may reduce dependence on the electrical grid and lead to net-zero energy production. Climate patterns and a building’s structural system can significantly affect how much energy the structure uses. This investigation is aimed to focus on the shading effect of solar panels on the uninsulated roof of a residential building to investigate the output of combining architectural buildings with renewable energy systems. The PV system was modelled as a shading device using building simulation software (Design Builder) to calculate the monthly reduction and increase in heating and cooling loads for the rooftop in a humid subtropical climate zone. The results showed that the cooling loads were decreased by 290 kWh/year (almost 5%) and heating by almost 30 kWh/year. The findings showed the importance of renewable energy in tackling climate change and reducing the housing energy requirements for sustainable development.
Human trafficking for labour exploitation: The survivors’ perspective
Authors: Villacampa Carolina
Published: May 2023

Despite being the second most prevalent form of human trafficking, human trafficking for labour exploitation remains a victimisation process that has received little scholarly attention. This qualitative study, based on data from in-depth interviews with labour trafficking survivors in Spain, seeks to apprehend how they experienced that situation while giving them a voice and adopting a survivor-centric approach to the phenomenon. To this end, it first analyses from their perspective the process of their enslavement, as well as the feelings it engendered: from recruitment, to transfer, to exploitation, including the objective circumstances and means used. It then analyses the essential aspects of the process leading to their liberation, examining how the situation was ended, the type of assistance received and desired, and the recourse they had to a criminal law response. It concludes with a series of proposals for how labour trafficking should be institutionally addressed in view of the survivors’ suggestions.
Automatic encoding and repair of reactive high-level tasks with learned abstract representations
Authors: Pacheck Adam , James Steven , Konidaris George , Kress-Gazit Hadas
Published: May 2023

We present a framework for the automatic encoding and repair of high-level tasks. Given a set of skills a robot can perform, our approach first abstracts sensor data into symbols and then automatically encodes the robot’s capabilities in Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Using this encoding, a user can specify reactive high-level tasks, for which we can automatically synthesize a strategy that executes on the robot, if the task is feasible. If a task is not feasible given the robot’s capabilities, we present two methods, one enumeration-based and one synthesis-based, for automatically suggesting additional skills for the robot or modifications to existing skills that would make the task feasible. We demonstrate our framework on a Baxter robot manipulating blocks on a table, a Baxter robot manipulating plates on a table, and a Kinova arm manipulating vials, with multiple sensor modalities, including raw images.
“The economy of trust”? Competing grassroots economics and the mobilization of (mis-)trust in a Catalonian cooperative
Authors: Bäumer Escobar Vinzenz
Published: May 2023

Rather than theorizing trust and mistrust in the abstract, recent anthropological scholarship has shown how trust and mistrust emerge in particular social settings. In this article, I build on this scholarship by drawing on fieldwork with the members of an anti-capitalist Catalonian cooperative who looked to create alternative economic systems that were said to be based on trust. The central aim of this article is to redirect analytical attention from the emergence of the experience of (mis-)trust in particular contexts, toward an analysis of how trust and mistrust are mobilized to make particular iterations of an ‘alternative economy’ emerge out of competing grassroots economic conceptualizations. By analysing how trust and mistrust are constituted within a relational field involving the state and a broader landscape of cooperative movements, this article shows that socio-economic formations are continually formed through embodied, affectively charged practices instead of being solely ‘based’ on trust or mistrust.
Automatic Emergency Braking System for Trucks for Two-Wheeler Longitudinal Collision Avoidance
Authors: Wang Xuesong , Zhou Yang , Cafiso Salvatore Damiano
Published: May 2023

Among traffic crashes, truck crashes are usually more severe and cause greater harm to other involved traffic participants, particularly vulnerable road users such as the drivers of two-wheelers. Automatic emergency braking (AEB), also known as autonomous emergency braking, has been demonstrated to be a safe, efficient, and high benefit–cost ratio advanced driving assistance system that can reduce driver errors and collisions, but at present, AEB research is mainly carried out for passenger cars with little specific attention to trucks. In this study, a three-stage AEB algorithm was designed to control longitudinal collision scenarios between trucks and two-wheelers. A total of 121 crashes were collected from the China In-Depth Accident Study Database (CIDAS). The crashes were reconstructed and verified in the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. The experimental results show that our proposed method avoided 35% of the collisions. Analysis of the simulation results showed that the scenarios in which the proposed system failed to avoid collisions mainly had the characteristics of rapid increase in the urgency of the conflict, insufficient truck deceleration time, and insufficient braking distance. Random forest was used to analyze the factors affecting the AEB’s collision avoidance, and it was found that collision angle, reflecting the urgency of two-wheeler lane changing, was the most significant factor. The results have at least two practical implications. It is of significance to (1) educate two-wheeler drivers to carefully observe the road conditions before making decisions and (2) develop multi-sensor AEB systems for trucks.
Blow-Over Risk Evaluation System for High-Profile Light-Weight Vehicles on Wyoming Highways
Authors: Ohara Noriaki , Neupane Adarsha , Ahlenius Kathy , Young Rhonda Kae , Campos Antonio Roman
Published: May 2023

Tractor-trailer blow-over crashes caused by strong winds in Wyoming, U.S., can damage roadways, delay goods, and threaten the safety of all members of the traveling public. Identifying roadway sections with high blow-over risk is important for taking appropriate and targeted precautions to avoid these serious problems. This study utilizes a vehicle blow-over model compiled from previous research to quantify incident risk on Wyoming roads and test the appropriateness of existing risk assessments. Data about blow-over crashes from 2012 to 2020 were used to calibrate a new statewide model, and this model was leveraged to observe the evolution of blow-over risk during high wind periods from past blow-over crash events. The results from this model show that blow-over crashes occur in specific zones with elevated risk variables. The model was also especially precise at predicting crash locations within 10 km of nearby weather stations. This computationally efficient model can now be used for real time blow-over risk prediction using road weather information system environmental sensor stations throughout Wyoming. This dynamic risk assessing tool, continuously updated online, can help travelers with high-profile light-weight vehicles through existing traveler information systems, and this model also serves as an addition to the typical wind gust data used by decision-makers managing Wyoming roads.