bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformation of Early Christian Ideas about Judaism (Based on the Analysis of Christian Polemic Literature of the II-III c. and its Historical and Cultural Context)
Authors: Luneva Anna
Published: February 2019

II–III c. gave the world what is now called “Judaism” and “Christianity”. Two religions, which are now perceived as original and separate from each other, at that time had many intersection points. Christianity had not yet rid itself of its Jewish past, and in the Jewish environment there were many people who accepted Jesus’ messianism and converted to a new faith. However, more gentiles people in the II c. come to the Christian community, while the Jewish are closing themselves from the outside world. Christian literature directed against the Jews (Adversus Judaeos) contributed to this. Although studying the treatises created in this period from in different provinces of the Roman Empire, we can see how much more refined and reasoned these works become. However, it is evident that, in the process of the development of the Adversus Judaeos texts Christian authors rarely invest their own knowledge of Judaism, but only draw us the image of the Jew of that time, borrowing arguments from the writings of their predecessors. In this article we will trace the transformation of the image of the Jews and the emergence of the concept of “Judaism” in the Christian environment on the basis of three polemic works — Justin’s “Dialogue with Trypho” (mid-2nd c.), “On the Passover” by Melito (160–170) and Tertullian’s “Against the Jews” (2nd half of 3rd c). At the same time, the analysis of the historical and cultural context of the places there the treatises were created, shows that the extent to which the image of Judaism was perceived in the Christian anti-Judaic treatises was influenced by the position of these two communities in ancient society. Furthermore, the notion “Judaism” emerges in the Christian environment, which Christian authors counter posed to “Christianity”, creating a counterculture, through which they indicated the distinctive features of their religion, showed its advantage.
From Ally to Enemy: the Ottoman Empire in Publicistic Works by Ephraim Deinard
Authors: Zyskina Esther
Published: February 2019

The paper considers is the transformation of the image of the Ottoman Empire in the publicistic texts by Ephraim Deinard, outstand ing Jewish writer and journalist of the turn of the 19th and 20th centu ries. The research was based on two Deinard’s works, “Atidot Israel” (“The Future of Israel”, 1892) and “Tzion be’ad mi?” (“Zion for Whom?”, 1918), which deal with a variety of topics, including Deinard’s opinion on the Ottoman Empire. In particular, the radical change of his position from the statements in “Atidot Israel” to those in “Tzion be’ad mi?” is observed. Deinard discusses the following three aspects, each case being a vivid example of this controversy: 1. The Ottoman government’s attitude towards Jews and the pros pects of the collaboration of the Jewish community with the government; 2. The economic situation in the Ottoman Empire and its foreign policy; 3. The culture and cultural policy in the Ottoman Empire. Deinard’s interest in Turkey was initially caused by his Zionist views, as the Land of Israel was part of the Ottoman Empire. Later, after World War I and especially after the Balfour Declaration in 1917, the Zionists placed their expectations on Britain, while Turkey, after losing the war and the territory so important for Jews, could no more be praised by Dei nard. In addition, Deinard had lived in the USA for more than 30 years by 1918, and it is merely logical that his publicistic works were aimed against the USA’s enemy in World War I. This shift looks especially interesting when looked at through the context of the history of the Russian Jewish Enlightenment. A very simi lar process occurred in the ideology of the Russian maskilim in the 19th century. Throughout the 19th century, they believed that the Jews should be integrated in the Russian society and viewed the Russian government as their ally. The Russian authorities, correspondingly, tried to assimilate the Jews and to make them an integral part of the society. However, af ter the pogroms of 1880s, the authorities’ attitude towards Jews changed dramatically, and so did that of the maskilim towards the government. Laws regarding Jews were tightened and became openly anti-Semitic, and the maskilim started to criticize the state instead of hoping for col laboration with it. Deinard’s works used for this research date to a later period. More over, the aforementioned events influenced his positive attitude towards the Ottoman Empire: concerning the status of Jews in the both countries, Deinard opposed Turkey to Russia. Eventually, however, Turkey took the same place for Deinard as Russia did for his predecessors, the maskilim. His hopes for collaboration with the state were just as replaced by disap pointment and criticism. To conclude, the above similarity may suggest that the shift in Dein ard’s views might have correlated with the change in the ideology of the Russian maskilim.
Jewish Salons of Berlin in the Focus of Intellectual Life in Prussia at the Turn of the XVIII–XIX Centuries
Authors: Tretyakova Maria
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the article is to demonstrate an influence of Jewish salons of Berlin on the intellectual life of Prussia at the turn of the XVIII–XIX centuries. As a form of communication, salon is characterized with an active participation of women in «traditionally» men’s discussions on politics, philosophy and literature. Woman, as a rule, an aristocrat, selected a public at her discretion and moderated a conversation. A blossom of salon culture in Prussia took place at the second quarter of the XVIII century. Influence of Jewish salons on intellectual life of the kingdom is consided to be a one of the topics-in-question for researchers in this field. Deborah Hertz, Petra Wilhelmy-Dollinger and Renata Fuchs are inclined to represent Jewish salons as a phenomenon of a great significance for both Prussian Jews’ life and cultural climat of German- speaking space. Hannah Lund and Barbara Hahn assess Jewish salons as one of integrative channels at the turn of the XVIII–XIX centuries. The sourse base of this article is presented with a wide correspondense and memoires by actors of salon communication in Berlin, as well as with satirical writings. In this article, the most famous Jewish salons’ hostesses — Henriette Herz and Rahel Levin — are presented. High social position of Jewish women’s families, as well as their accomplishment and originality incited a great interest to them. Eminent German cultural activists were among the guests of Jewish salons. Intensive communication with Jewish women affected creativity of German authors. So, it is traced in the present article, how a friendship of Henriette Herz with Friedrich Schleiermacher influenced on his formation as a founder of the original religious concept. Also, a role of Dorothea Mendelsohn in Friedrich Schlegel’s life and creativity is highlighted. A special attention is paid to the Jewish women’s literary activity as an important component of cultural integration. On a Dorothea Mendelsohn’s example, author makes an attempt to demonstrate that affiliation to salon circles gave Jewish women a possibility to start their literary activity. Author of the present article traces a reaction of Prussian conservative literary circles to a popularity of Jewish salons. On examples of Friedrich Nicolai and August Bernhardi is demonstrated, how a fear of feminization and Jewish integration are reflected in Prussian satire at the end of the XVIII century.
Jews as Criminal Figures in Western Belarus in The Interwar Period (Based on the State Archives of the Grodno Region)
Authors: Shchuka Olga
Published: February 2019

The interwar period is characterized by changes in social and economic structure of the Jewish population of Poland. The policy of state regulation caused sharp decline in living standards and the social status of broad masses of the Jewish population here. It could not but cause violations of processes of socialization. In general the number of the penal acts made by Jews in the territory of the Western Belarus during the interwar period was lower, than the number of the crimes committed by other citizens of Poland: the number of criminals in the Jewish environment was half less, than among representatives of other nationalities. It is explained by a number of factors. But in the Jewish environment did not do without crimes. Poles more often than Jews, judged for theft, a robbery, for murders and also for the crimes committed for political motives. Jews in turn are more often mentioned in the affairs connected with economic crimes: buying up and sale stolen, fake of money, trade in foreign currency, falsification of documents. Article is written on the basis of the analysis of materials of the State archive of the Grodno region. Here as the most widespread in the Jewish environment the following crimes are recorded: theft, speculation, illegal crossing of border and also murder.
“Passportization” of the Jewish Population in Western Belorussia (1940–1941)
Authors: Karpenkina Yanina
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes the “passportization” of the local, primarily Jewish, population of the Polish territories annexed to the USSR, particularly in Western Belorussia in 1940–1941. The Author considers this transformation not only as a measure of unification, but also as an important method of migration control, as well as “purification” of the social image of cities in the “new” border zone. In the focus of the article is the Jewish population. Since the majority of the Jews fitted at the same time to several paragraphs of the secret instructions on the issuance of passports “with restriction” (which in fact meant a ban on residence in the border town), they were particularly affected during the implementation of the “passportization”.
Barriers in Access to Higher Education for Jews in the USSR: Study Based on Memoires
Authors: Malik Valeriya
Published: February 2019

Jewish population of the USSR can be characterized by very high and growing level of tertiary education and high share of intellectual laborers. At the same time as it is evident from memoires Jews faced discrimination while applying to higher education as well as later in their professional trajectories. Many families had to adapt to this discrimination and to find ways to get access to higher education. Statistics is not enough to research this problem as level of education for Jews remained high despite discrimination. That is why we decide to explore memoires as a source for study of these discrimination barriers and recourses that helped people to cope with them. We chose cases from web site with Jewish memoires (http://berkovich-zametki.com) and in this paper we provide first results of analysis and hypothesis for further investigation. We found out that memoires are more likely to be written by those who managed to cope with difficulties and achieved success. Also we see that memoires are written in certain genres such as «rise of national consciousness» or «struggle for justice». Resources that helped to cope with discrimination mentioned in memoires are social and cultural capital (in terms in Bourdieu) and being ready to use them. We conclude that drawbacks of memoires for our study is that we cannot isolate barriers in access to education from further barriers in carrier pathways, and memoires are not sufficient to understand the resources which helped to cope with discrimination.
Factors of Designing of Religious Identity Progressive Judaism’s Representatives by the Example of Moscow Community Le-dor Va-dor
Authors: Shishigina Maria
Published: February 2019

Identity in modern sociocultural discourse is one of the most actual issues that affects at epistemological, cultural and social processes. Variability, pluralism and the changing nature of the conditions in which the individual acts create certain models for choice. The problem of selfdetermination of an individual in such ambiguous discourse is put forward on one of the first plans of philosophical themes of the present day. The analysis of identity allows defining and explaining the changes in the social and personal aspects of self-determination of a person. Religion is the main factor of the individual’s identity, which creates the feeling that the world really is what it seems. Representatives of a religious minority have an additional element of solidarity based on isolation from representatives of the titular denomination of a certain region. In this article, an attempt has been made to comprehend the mechanisms for constructing the identity of representatives of progressive Judaism in Russia (on the example of the community of Le-dor Va-dor in Moscow). Analysis of the design of the identity of representatives of progressive Judaism allows us to identify the most significant constants in the ways of identifying a person in a multi-confessional modern society. The mere fact of the existence in Russia of progressive Judaism gives rise to the formation of specifically separate relationships between representatives of different currents of Judaism. In the religious space of the city of Moscow, the progressive community of Judaism occupies a significant place among the Jewish population, which, due to the processes of globalization, increasingly turns to religion as a factor of referring itself to a certain community. The strategy of building an identity by the progressive community of Judaism in Moscow shows that the community as a public institution based on the reproduction of established traditions takes its own specific features. The mechanisms of constructing religious identity within the framework of the community under consideration became the basis for group consolidation and acquired the status of significant for each individual within this community. This local version of progressive Judaism is largely different from the Western version and has its own specific features.
Air pollution tolerance index: An approach towards the effective green belt around Kathmandu metropolitan city, Nepal
Authors: Kanwar Kiran , Dhamala Man K. , Maskey-Byanju Rejina
Published: February 2019

Road vegetation is an effective way to mitigate road generated particulates. Green belts with high Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) value in the urban centers play an important role in the amelioration of the air quality. The APTI of the trees with higher abundance were examined for bio-chemical parameters such as pH, ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll and relative water content. The APTI value of tree species varied from 5.56 (Punica granatum) to 79.99 (Populous deltoids). Higher the APTI value, higher is the tolerance towards air pollution. Among the tree species, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Pinus roxburghi, Ficus benjamin, Celtis australis, Alnus nepalensis, Callistemon lanceolatus, Schima wallichi, Pyrus pyrifolia and Punica granatum were found sensitive, whereas Prunus persia, Populus deltoides, Thuja sp. and Grevillea robusta were found to be the most tolerant species. The green belts constituting higher number of tolerant to moderately tolerant species of trees results in better air pollution sink and air quality refinement. In order to find plants with good APTI, further extensive studies should be carried out and valley plantation program should give priority of those plants having higher APTI value.
Economic impact analysis of current climate change variability and future impacts in agricultural sector of Nepal
Authors: Devkota D.C. , Gosai K.R. , Devkota D.
Published: February 2019

Nepal’s economy is largely based on agriculture, predominantly small-scale farming, and about half of which is dependent on natural rainfall. In Nepal, agriculture is a highly climate sensitive sector. Historically, the sector has been affected by floods, droughts and erratic rainfall. This study focused on the impacts and economic costs of climate change in agriculture and assessed perceptions of communities of Kaski and Mustang districts on frequency and intensity of hailstorm events over time including their related impacts. Scenario-based impact assessment was used for assessment of long-term impacts and economic costs of climate change. The study used Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) model to analyze the effects of climate on three major crops, namely rice, maize and wheat. The economic loss due to the impacts of climate change in cereals (rice, maize and wheat) was estimated at around US$ 336.42 million in the year 2006. Among the respondents, 60% reported food shortages which made them highly vulnerable due to climate variability. Similarly, 80% of the respondents mentioned that 20 major hailstorm events have occurred in the vicinity of their communities over the last 35 years (up to 2012) and have caused significant damage to crop production, livestock and infrastructure. DesInventar database reported damage of 75% to 100% of the key crops. Crop yield projections indicate a complex mix of increases and decreases in yield which vary over time (in projections in 2030 AD and 2070 AD) and by location (east to west/Terai to Mountains). In the 2030s, there is a net increase in production and values; however, by the 2070s, the impact in agricultural production is expected to reach to US$ 140 million/year (2014). In terms of research, there are priorities around further work to understand climate uncertainty, the indirect economic costs of these impacts, and early research priorities to address long-term challenges. There is an urgent need to build capacity, with information and awareness raising, monitoring, research, and institutional strengthening.
The Demand for ‘Fair’ Outcomes: An Experimental Study of Payoff Maximization, Social Efficiency, Fairness, Gender, and Personality Type
Authors: Cadigan John
Published: February 2019

We use a modified dictator experiment to examine subjects’ willingness to pay for a ‘fair’ outcome and how this is influenced by social efficiency.  We find that subjects exhibit a downward-sloping demand for the fair outcome that increases when the fair outcome is socially efficient and decreases with the experimental stakes.  Because a subject’s relative emphasis on payoff maximization, fairness and social efficiency may likely be related to personality type, we add controls for personality preferences as measured by the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).  This also allows for a more precise examination of gender effects.  We find that personality preferences are important determinants of decision making.  Controlling for personality preferences, we find that women are more likely to choose the fair outcome then men.  This effect is particularly strong when the unequal payoff outcome favors the (passive) responder.
Propriedades discursivas dos indefinidos e dos singulares nus no Português Brasileiro: um estudo de produção
Authors: Severo Ohanna Teixeira Barchi
Published: February 2019

Este artigo investiga as propriedades referenciais de singulares nus no Português Brasileiro. A literatura sobre referencialidade no Espanhol sugere que indefinidos, mas não singulares nus, podem estabelecer e introduzir novos referentes no discurso. Por essa razão, é sugerido que pronomes podem ser expressões anafóricas de indefinidos, mas não de singulares nus. Apenas DPs plenos podem, por hipótese, ser expressões anafóricas de singulares nus (Oggiani, 2011; Aguilar-Guevara, 2014). Em um estudo de produção, eu investigo se isso acontece no Português Brasileiro. Os resultados sugerem que DPs plenos são as expressões anafóricas preferidas tanto para singulares nus, quanto para indefinidos no Português Brasileiro.
Introdução
Authors: Rato Anabela , Lima Suzi
Published: February 2019

Introdução à Revista Linguí∫tica 14(2).
Paideia and social ascension in Roman Africa: the life of Apuleius from Madaura (2nd Century A.D.)
Authors: Lima Neto Belchior Monteiro
Published: February 2019

The comeback of biographical studies in the last decades opens new possibilitiesof research in what concerns Ancient History. That shows how complexthe action of individuals in ancient societies was. Within this perspective, ourinvestigation will focus on the life of Apuleius from Madauros, in order toperceive the importance of Greek-Roman paideia as a fundamental element ofsocial insertion for North-African elites in Roman imperial society. In generalterms, the biography of Apuleius could be understood as a model case in theheart of local urban aristocracies, offering us an example of the way in whichthis group, through the instruction in paideia, experienced social ascensionand grasp the new possibilities opened by the advent of Roman dominationin that region.
Emerging distribution networks of Roman pottery in the Ancient Mediterranean: the sigillata clay lamps of Proconsular Africa
Authors: Bastos Marcio Teixeira
Published: February 2019

This paper surveys the use of Network Science, especially the role of ArchaeologicalNetworks to the study of Archeology and Ancient History. Networkthinking and network science are valuable methodologies and analytical techniquesto apply to the study clay lamps in the framework of Roman economy.The recent application of network analysis in Antiquity and Archaeology hasdemonstrated that there are a variety of approaches to recognizing networkpatterns or thinking about phenomena as products of networked processes.Provincial connectivity is one of the most debated aspects of Roman economics,and ceramic consumption patterns in the interior and coastal regions ofAfrica Proconsularis have proven to be very different. The dominant tendencyto turn to the communities formed and structured around native identities,especially those based in the major urban centers and larger areas, seems toestablish itself as an argument for the economy and exchanges of the RomanEmpire. This types of networks helped to spread ideas and religious symbolsthrough clay lamps. Africa Proconsular demonstrates evidence that the ceramicworkshops emerged as networks in order to established themselves seekingto meet the Mediterranean demand and religious consumption.
Estado Nutricional de Pacientes Pediátricos Recém-Diagnosticados com Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda em um Instituto de Referência em Oncologia do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Moreira Karina Andrade , Carvalho Ana Lucia Miranda de , Schramm Marcia Trindade , Martucci Renata Brum , Murad Leonardo Borges , Saraiva Danúbia da Cunha Antunes
Published: February 2019

Introdução: A leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA ) constitui a neoplasia mais comum em pediatria e a avaliação nutricional é um instrumento essencial para conhecer as condições de saúde dos pacientes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e descrever o estado nutricional de pacientes pediátricos recém-diagnosticados com LLA e verificar a relação do índice de massa corporal para idade (IMC/I) com as demais medidas antropométricas. Método: Estudo observacional, transversal, realizado com pacientes de 1 a 18 anos, recém-diagnosticados com  LLA , no período de janeiro/2004 a dezembro/2009. Os dados coletados foram idade, peso corporal, estatura, prega cutânea tricipital (PCT), circunferência do braço (CB) e circunferência muscular do braço (CMB). O IMC foi calculado e a classificação IMC/I utilizada na análise. O teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher foram utilizados para analisar a associação entre os parâmetros antropométricos. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 54 pacientes. A classificação do “estado nutricional adequado” foi a mais frequente em todos os parâmetros antropométricos. Em adição, observou-se que a associação do estado nutricional pela CMB com o IMC/I (p=0,001) demonstra que este último pode ser adequado para classificação dos pacientes pediátricos com LLA ao diagnóstico. E a concordância da CB com a CMB (p=0,01) de 43% (p=0,001) também ratifica a utilização da CB frente à CMB, por ser uma medida mais simples. Conclusão: Na população estudada, o estado nutricional encontrava-se preservado. Assim como a associação da CMB com o IMC/I, a CB demonstrou ser um parâmetro sensível para classificar eutrofia.
Atendimentos a Crianças e Adolescentes com Câncer em Minas Gerais: Retrato de uma Década
Authors: Nascimento Murilo César do
Published: February 2019

Introdução: O câncer em crianças e adolescentes possui relevância epidemiológica em escala global. Objetivo: Conhecer e descrever a configuração epidemiológica, clínica e assistencial dos atendimentos a crianças e adolescentes com câncer tratados em Minas Gerais, de 2007 a 2016. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, com dados secundários via IntegradorRHC, sobre os registros de atendimentos no Estado a crianças e adolescentes com câncer. Resultados: Houve 4.953 atendimentos a crianças e adolescentes com câncer. Predominaram a faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos; indivíduos do sexo masculino; e pardos. A localização primária do tumor mais frequentes foi o sistema hematopoiético. A base principal para o diagnóstico do tumor predominante foi a histologia do tumor primário. O primeiro tratamento recebido no hospital que prevaleceu foi a quimioterapia; as razões para não tratar mais preenchidas, depois das opções “não se aplica”, “outras razões” e “sem informação”, foram o “óbito” e o “tratamento realizado fora”. “Doença estável” significando “paciente estável” foi o estado da doença ao final do primeiro tratamento mais observado. A clínica no início do tratamento mais frequente foi a oncologia clínica. O resultado “leucemia linfoblástica de células precursoras” foi o mais frequente entre os tipos histológicos identificados. Constataram-se 36 instituições que compõem a rede de oncologia em 21 municípios do Estado. Verificou-se aparente redução dos registros/atendimentos a crianças e adolescentes com câncer. Conclusão: A caracterização e a descrição propostas foram alcançadas e retrataram os atendimentos, em Minas Gerais, a crianças e adolescentes com câncer entre 2007 a 2016.
NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 SESUDAH MELAKUKAN BUERGER ALLEN EXERCISE DI PUSKESMAS WILAYAH KECAMATAN NGANJUK
Authors: . Supriyadi , Makiyah Nurul , Sari Novita Kurnia
Published: February 2019

Buerger Allen Exercise mampu meningkatkan pemakaian glukosa oleh otot yang aktif sehingga glukosa dalam darah dapat menurun, dapat membantu mencegah terjadinya penyakit arteri perifer, serta meningkatkan aliran darah ke arteri dan berefek positif pada metabolisme glukosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai ankle brachial indexpada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2setelah melakukan Buerger Allen exercise. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasy-experiment dengan pre-post test design with control group. Jumlah sampel 60 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan purposive sampling, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Responden kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi Buerger Allen exercise sebanyak 12 kali  selama 15 hari.Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Nganjuk.Data hasilpengukuran nilai ankle brachial indexberupa ratio dan diuji statistik dengan Paired Samples Test. Didapatkan p value 0.001 untuk kelompok perlakuan (p value< 0.05) yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan bermakna secara statistik nilai ankle brachial index sesudah melakukan Buerger Allen exercise. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai ankle brachial indexpada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 meningkat sesudah melakukan Buerger Allen exercise.

 

 Kata kunci :penderita diabetes melitus tipe2, Buerger Allen Exercise, Ankle brachial index

 
POLIGAMI DALAM AGAMA SAMAWI
Authors: Mansur Syafi'in
Published: February 2019

Poligami dari zaman ke zaman sudah dipraktekkan oleh para Nabi dan Rasul yang diutus Allah pada setiap umat manusia. Bahkan para sahabat dan pengikut Nabi melakukan hal itu, para raja dan umat manusia yang ada di belahan dunia ini, sejak anak cucu Adam mendiami bumi hingga kini.
PERSPEKTIF HADIS NABI SAW. TENTANG ZUHUD
Authors: Saad Suadi
Published: February 2019

Dilihat dari perspektif hadis Nabi saw, zuhud bukan berarti mengharamkan yang halal atau menyia-nyiakan hal-hal duniawi, tetapi merasa hati lebih terpaut kepada apa yang di sisi Allah daripada kepada harta, serta lebih berharap akan pahala dari musibah yang menimpa. Zuhud tidak selalu identik dengan kemiskinan. Kaya harta dengan cara yang halal, dan tidak menghambakan diri kepada kekayaan tersebut, sebaliknya hati selalu terpaut dengan apa yang ada di sisi Allah, juga merupakan zuhud.Dari perspektif hadis pula, pada hakikatnya zuhud ada dua: 1) zuhud dari dunia, dan 2) zuhud dari apa yang dimiliki manusia. Zuhud terhadap dunia, bukanlah dengan mengharamkan hal-hal yang dihalalkan oleh syariat, tetapi "hati lebih terpaut kepada apa yang ada di sisi Allah dari pada kepada apa yang kita miliki': dan 'Jika ditimpa musibah duniawi, lebih berharap akan pahalanya daripada tidak adanya musibah itu sendiri': Sementara, zuhud terhadap milik manusia akan menimbulkan rasa cinta mereka kepada kita.
The photoluminescent layers based on ZnO nanoparticles as radiation converters in photovoltaic applications
Authors: Szczecińska Natalia , Znajdek Katarzyna , Sosna-Głębska Aleksandra , Lewicki Paul , Czarnecki Przemysław , Kraska Piotr , Bazdyga Cezary , Wiosna- Sałyga Gabriela , Sibiński Maciej
Published: February 2019

The mismatch between solar cell response and solar spectrum is one of the biggest challenges to achieve high efficiency in photovoltaic cells. There are a few different approaches to minimise this concern. One of them is the radiation conversion which may be due to three different processes, namely up-conversion, down- conversion and down-shifting. In this paper the down-conversion process of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and layers with ZnO NPs in polymer (poly (methyl methacrylate)) (PMMA) matrix will be analysed. ZnO NPs are prone to act as down-converting or down-shifting agents, which absorb the UV radiation, which is not absorbed by the solar cell, and then re-emit light in the visible range, which is suited to the photovoltaic cell sensitivity.
Herein, the photoluminescence and optical transmittance of ZnO NPs and layers based on ZnO NPs will be presented. These parameters have a large influence on the potential application of these layers in photovoltaic structures for increased efficiency. The conversion layers have to fulfil the following conditions: have good optical transmittance in the visible range and high luminescence efficiency in converting UV radiation into visible. The paper focuses on finding the balance between these parameters.
An innovative method of activating lime waste. Waste – sorbent – product.
Authors: Knaś Krzysztof
Published: February 2019

The paper presents the production technology of sorbents for flue gas desulphurization with the wet limestone method, produced on the basis of limestone waste. The waste was subjected to comprehensive physicochemical tests and the following were studied: size distribution, chemical composition, morphology and reactivity. The analysed waste was subjected to electromagnetic activation to improve the sorption properties
lost in the original process. The effect of the activation process was determined by comparing physicochemical properties of the waste before and after its activation. Based on the experience gained, an industrial installation was designed and manufactured industrial.
Factores facilitadores y obstaculizadores del proceso de elaboración de la tesina de grado: mirada del estudiante
Authors: Clerici Carolina , Monteverde Ana Clara , Peruzzo Laura Melina
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer los diferentes aspectos, factores obstaculizadores y facilitadores del proceso que atraviesan los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Nutrición en la elaboración de su tesina de grado, sabiendo que significa un gran esfuerzo para ellos. Se trabajó desde un abordaje cualitativo, a partir de entrevistas en profundidad como método de obtención de información empírica y del método comparativo constante como método de análisis de datos cualitativos. Fueron entrevistados estudiantes que culminaron la tesina durante el período 2007-2013. Los resultados más significativos tuvieron que ver fundamentalmente con el rol de la institución en este proceso, en especial, como contenedora en la formación a partir de la participación en equipos de investigación y especialmente el rol de los tutores, asesores y evaluadores en el acompañamiento de este proceso.
Capability of Print Media and Electronic Media in Analyzing News
Authors: Qorib Ahmad , Saragih M. Yoserizal
Published: February 2019

The scope of journalistic space usually revolves around journalistic work, news, and clarification of issues that are currently hot. The scope of this journalism applies not only in mass media, but also in electronic media such as radio and television broadcasts. Characters and its peculiarities include the aspects of the publishing philosophy, the technical dynamics of preparation and management, and the assumptions of the impact on the audience, listeners, or viewers. This chapter discusses some key aspects relating to journalism, namely the notion of journalism, at a glance the development of journalism, forms of journalism, journalistic products. The aim of this research is the activity of preparing, seeking, collecting, processing, presenting, and disseminating news through the media periodically to the widest possible audience. The research method is qualitative research.
Effect of Artemisia persica on seizure severity and memory and learning disorders in pentylenetetrazole-kindled mice
Authors: Daneshkhah Mozhgan , Setorki Mahbubeh
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia persica (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure and memory impairment. Sixty mice were assigned to seven groups. Pentylenetetrazole (35 mg/kg) was injected at 48 hours intervals for 9 days, and at 60 mg/kg on day 10 to induce seizure model. Different doses of A. persica extract were injected daily 30 min before pentylenetetrazole injection. Exposure of mice to extract significantly reduced the frequency of repeated spinning and jumping and tonic seizures in seizure model. In addition, the extract significantly reduced the increased levels of malondialdehyde in serum and brain. The extract significantly increased the serum and brain anti-oxidant capacity but had no significant effect on nitric oxide. The extract (100 mg/kg) significantly improved pentylenetetrazole-induced memory impairment. The hydro-alcoholic extract of A. persica has a protective effect against pentylenetrazole-induced seizure.

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Depresi: Ciri, Penyebab dan Penangannya
Authors: Dirgayunita Aries
Published: February 2019

Each person must have experienced a variety of problems and obstacles in his life. If someone in his life is hopeless and strength to face the problems of life, the person may experience depression can even become stressful. Depression is not only experienced by adults but children may also experience depression knows no social class. Many factors that cause a person to become depressed and down. Depression is one of the main causes of suicide (suicide). As many as 40% of patients with depression have suicidal ideas, and only approximately 15% that succeed do so. WHO predicts that by 2020, depression will be one of the more experienced of mental disorders and severe depression will be the second largest cause of death after a heart attack. Based on data from the WHO in 1980, nearly 20% - 30% of hospital patients in developing countries mental emotional disorder such as depression. Depression is an emotional disorder or a bad mood characterized by prolonged sadness, hopelessness, guilt and does not mean. So that all mental processes (thinking, feeling and behaving) can affect the motivation to move in daily life and in interpersonal relationships
ASTERACEOUS FLORA OF TERAI REGION OF EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: LATA KANCHAN
Published: February 2019

The systematic identification of 78 species belonging to 51 genera reported from Terai region of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. The present paper provides key to genera, list of plant with their habit, phenology and voucher number of each species.
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN INDIAN CONTEXT
Authors: SINGH MANORAMA
Published: February 2019

Environmental Impact Assessment is just an information gathering exercise carried out by the developer and other bodies which enables a Local Planning Authority to understand the environmental effects of a development. The really important thing about environmental assessments is the emphasis on using the best available sources of objective information and in carrying out a systematic and holistic process which should be bias free and allow the local authority and the whole community to properly understand the impact of the proposed development. Environmental assessment should lead to better standards of development and help to propose proper mitigation measures for the problem areas. Environmental impact assessment is meant to be a systematic process which leads to a final product, the Environmental Statement (ES).
Kajian DNA Rekombinan pada Vaksin DNA dan Vaksin Subunit Protein
Authors: Panjiasih Susmiarsih Tri
Published: February 2019

Vaksin telah dikenal sebagai substansi yang digunakan untuk menstimulasi sistem imun. Saat ini, perkembangan vaksin sudah mencapai generasi vaksin DNA dan vaksin subunit protein.Teknologi perancangan  vaksin  digunakan  dalam  mengembangkan berbagai  jenis  vaksin dengan pendekatan biologi molekular yaitu menggunakan teknik DNA rekombinan yang memerlukan sarana vektor, DNA target, enzim restriksi dan ligasi serta sel inang. Studi ini bertujuan mengkaji teknik DNA rekombinan dalam pembuatan vaksin DNA dan vaksin subunit protein.
The Effect of Yellow Natural Color from Turmeric on Physical and Sensory Properties of Arenga Starch-Taro (Colocasia esculanta L.) Flour Noodle
Authors: Rahayu Ervika , Ariani Dini , Miftakhussolikhah Miftakhussolikhah , Elfanti Maharani P. , Pranoto Yudi
Published: February 2019

Arenga starch-taro (Colocasia esculanta L.) flour noodle is an alternative carbohydrate source made from 75% arenga starch and 25% taro flour. This research purpose is to know the effect of natural color extracts on the physical and sensory properties of noodle. Coloring extraction was done using 5 variances of turmeric rhizome (0.06; 0.12; 0.18; 0.24; and 0.30 g (fresh weight/ml water). Then, noodle was made and physical and sensory properties were evaluated. The result showed that coloring extracts addition decreased the break compression, elongation, and tensile strength of arenga starch-taro flour sohun. Turmeric rhizome extract addition increased the yellow color.
Net Energy Analysis of Molasses Based Bioethanol Production in Indonesia
Authors: Aprinada Carrin , Kartawiria Irvan S. , Legowo Evita H.
Published: February 2019

Molasses is mostly used as feedstock for the bioethanol production in Indonesia. Bioethanol industries has the potential to be more developed if the mandate of blending gasoline with 5% bioethanol is implemented. However, some previous studies abroad have shown that mostly the net energy for producing bioethanol is negative. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the net energy requirement if a bioethanol conversion plant from scenario of a bioethanol producer in East Java. Bioethanol conversion processes inside the plant are pre-fermentation, fermentation, evaporation, distillation and dehydration. Method which was used in this research are modelling and calculation made on monthly basis for plant capacity of 30,000 KL/ year ethanol of 99.5% purity. The result shows that the total energy required to produce 1 L of ethanol is 4.55 MJ. The energy content of 1 L ethanol is 23.46 MJ. The largest energy requirement is for evaporation process (62%) followed by distillation process (33%). Thus, the net energy requirement for bioethanol production process is positive.
Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract
Authors: Jimmy Jimmy , Widiputri Diah Indriani , Gunawan Paulus
Published: February 2019

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.
Implementation of Pneumatic Air Muscle for Actuating Knee Exoskeleton Using Four-Bar Linkage
Authors: Budiarto Eka , Widjanarko Dimas Anindito , Kidarsa Lydia
Published: February 2019

The knee exoskeleton is a device that assists users with weak knees to walk. It consists of a mechanical construction put around the human knee which is equipped with an actuator for movement. One mechanism that can be used to mimic movement of the real knee is the four-bar linkage. This research explores the possibility of using pneumatic air muscles as actuators for a knee exoskeleton with four-bar linkage implementation. A pneumatic air muscle is a single-acting linear actuator that contracts when filled with pressurized air, mimicking muscle contraction. It is much lighter than electrical motors, but—according to characterization done in this research—is difficult to control due to its inconsistent torque output. Nevertheless, this research shows that simple gait movements can be simulated using a knee exoskeleton actuated by pneumatic air muscles with an on-off control scheme.
Bacterial and Biodeterioration Analysis of the Waterlogged Wooden Lacquer Plates from the Nanhai No. 1 Shipwreck
Authors: Yin Liuyu , Jia Yin , Wang Mei , Yu Huanhuan , Jing Ying , Hu Cuiting , Zhang Fengyu , Sun Mingliang , Liu Zijun , Chen Yue , Liu Jie , Pan Jiao
Published: February 2019

To protect the lacquer plates from the Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck from being corroded by microorganisms, a series of studies were conducted on the four water-stored samples. The water samples were collected from the vessel where the lacquerware was stored in June and December 2017. In our study, high-throughput sequencing was conducted to reveal predominant bacterial communities. Then, three different media were used to isolate the dominant bacteria, and the 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Next, we tested the degradation activity of lignin and cellulose by the isolated bacterial strains. After being cultured on a medium containing carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC), almost all the isolated strains (except Microbacterium sp. NK-NH4, Ochrobactrum sp. NK-NH9, and Bacillus megaterium NK-NH10) showed the capacity for cellulose degradation. In addition, the lignin peroxidase (Lip) and laccase activity of the strains were shown by culturing the strains on one medium with azure and on another medium with Remazol brilliant blue. The results indicated that the Lip activity of all the strains was low, whereas the laccase activity of Microbacterium sp. NK-NH4, Bacillus tequilensis NK-NH5, Bacillus subtilis NK-NH6, Bacillus megaterium NK-NH10, and Bacillus velezensis NK-NH11 was relatively high. Finally, we tested the bacteriostatic efficacy of four biocides—Preventol® D7, BIT 20N, P91, and Euxyl® K100. We found that most strains were sensitive to D7 and 20N, while K100 had almost no impact.
Plant Natural Products for Human Health
Authors: Che Chun-Tao , Zhang Hongjie
Published: February 2019

The aim of this Special Issue on “Plant Natural Products for Human Health” is to compile a series of scientific reports to demonstrate the medicinal potential of plant natural products, such as in vitro and in vivo activities, clinical effects, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationships, and pharmacokinetic properties. With the global trend growing in popularity for botanical dietary supplements and phytopharmaceuticals, it is hoped that this Special Issue would serve as a timely reference for researchers and scholars who are interested in the discovery of potentially useful molecules from plant sources for health-related applications.
Alveolar-Capillary Membrane-Related Pulmonary Cells as a Target in Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Nova Zuzana , Skovierova Henrieta , Calkovska Andrea
Published: February 2019

The main function of the lungs is oxygen transport from the atmosphere into the blood circulation, while it is necessary to keep the pulmonary tissue relatively free of pathogens. This is a difficult task because the respiratory system is constantly exposed to harmful substances entering the lungs by inhalation or via the blood stream. Individual types of lung cells are equipped with the mechanisms that maintain pulmonary homeostasis. Because of the clinical significance of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) the article refers to the physiological role of alveolar epithelial cells type I and II, endothelial cells, alveolar macrophages, and fibroblasts. However, all these cells can be damaged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which can reach the airspaces as the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and lead to local and systemic inflammation and toxicity. We also highlight a negative effect of LPS on lung cells related to alveolar-capillary barrier and their response to LPS exposure. Additionally, we describe the molecular mechanism of LPS signal transduction pathway in lung cells.