bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bearing capacity of E-shaped footing on layered sand
Authors: Nazeer S. , Dutta R.K.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate the ultimate bearing capacity of the E-shaped footing resting on two layered sand using finite element method. The solution was implemented using ABACUS software. Design/methodology/approach: The numerical study of the ultimate bearing capacity of the E-shaped footing resting on layered sand and subjected to vertical load was carried out using finite element analysis. The layered sand was having an upper layer of loose sand of thickness H and lower layer was considered as dense sand of infinite depth. The various parameters varied were the friction angle of the upper (30° to 34°) and lower (42° to 46°) layer of sand as well as the thickness (0.5B, 2B and 4B) of the upper sand layer. Findings: The results reveal that the dimensionless ultimate bearing capacity was found to decrease with the increased in the H/B ratio for all combinations of parameters. The dimensionless ultimate bearing capacity was maximum for the upper loose sand friction angle of 34° and lower dense sand friction angle of 46°. The results further reveal that the dimensionless bearing capacity of the E-shaped footing was higher in comparison to the dimensionless bearing capacity of the square footing on layered sand (loose over dense). The improvement in the ultimate bearing capacity for the E-shaped footing was observed in the range of 109.35% to 152.24%, 0.44% to 7.63% and 0.63% to 18.97% corresponding to H/B ratio of 0.5, 2 and 4 respectively. The lowest percentage improvement in the dimensionless bearing capacity for the E-shaped footing on layered sand was 0.44 % at a H/B = 2 whereas the highest improvement was 152.24 % at a H/B = 0.5. Change of footing shape from square to E-shaped, the failure mechanism changes from general shear to local shear failure. Research limitations/implications: The results presented in this paper were based on the numerical study conducted on E-shaped footing made out of a square footing of size 1.5 m x 1.5 m. However, further validation of the results presented in this paper, is recommended using experimental study conducted on similar size E-shaped footing. Practical implications: The proposed numerical study can be useful for the architects designing similar types of super structures requiring similar shaped footings. Originality/value: No numerical study on E-shaped footing resting on layered sand (loose over dense) were conducted so far. Hence, an attempt was made in this article to estimate the bearing capacity of these footings.
Experimental effectiveness studies of the technology for cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines
Authors: Volovetskyi V.B. , Doroshenko Ya.V. , Tarayevs'kyy O.S. , Shchyrba O.M. , Doroshenko J.I. , Stakhmych Yu.S.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The purposes of the article are to determine the hydraulic efficiency of two gas gathering pipelines of the Yuliivskyi oil and gas condensate production facility (OGCPF) and develop a set of measures to increase it; to experimentally determine the efficiency of using foams to increase the hydraulic characteristics of the gas gathering pipelines in the Yuliivskyi OGCPF; to develop a set of measures that will help to improve the hydraulic characteristics of gas gathering pipelines. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology consists in determining the hydraulic efficiency of gas gathering pipelines before and after cleaning their inner cavity with foams with different expansion ratios and comparing the obtained values, which allows to objectively assess the efficiency of this cleaning method. The studies were performed within the framework of research and development work by the specialists of the Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Natural Gases. Findings: The pilot testing was carried out to determine the efficiency of cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines with foams with different expansion ratios. It showed positive results. It was determined that cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines with foams with the expansion ratio from 80 to 90 led to an increase in the hydraulic efficiency coefficient by 10.5%, and with foams with the expansion ratio from 50 to 60 – by 5.7%. The measures taken to clean the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines from liquid contaminations have proven their efficiency and can be recommended for other fields. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results show that it is reasonable to conduct the experimental studies on the efficiency of cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines with the foams with higher expansion ratios. To achieve the maximum quality of cleaning the gas gathering pipelines, it is necessary to develop a new method that will combine the use of foam and gel piston.Practical implications: The performed experimental studies help to take a more reasonable approach to cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines with foams and to predict in advance the effect of the foam expansion ratio on the hydraulic efficiency of gas gathering pipelines. Originality/value: The experimental studies on the effect of foam expansion ratios on the hydraulic efficiency of gas gathering pipelines are original.
Strength Analysis of the MSBS-5.56B Rifle Handguard Assembly Loaded with an Under-Barrel Grenade Launcher
Authors: GRĄZKA Michał , ZAHOR Mirosław , WOŹNIAK Ryszard
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the results of FEM (finite element method) numerical testing of the handguard of the MSBS-5.56B 5.56 mm calibre rifle complete with a 40 mm calibre under-barrel grenade launcher. The FEM calculations and the analysis of the calculations were intended to provide verification of the strength of the handguard subjected to the forces generated by the interaction with the grenade launcher during the launch of a grenade round. The results of the tests allowed the designers and process engineers to design the optimal shape of a handguard that will guarantee its safety during the operation of the rifle with the under-barrel grenade launcher.
Delayed postpartum regression of theca lutein cysts with maternal virilization: A case report
Authors: Kim Sanghwa , Lee Inha , Park Eunhyang , Rhee Yeo Jin , Kim Kyeongmin , Aljassim Aminah Ibrahim , Park Joo Hyun , Lee Jae Hoon , Yun Bo Hyon , Seo Seok Kyo , Cho Sihyun , Choi Young Sik , Lee Byung Seok
Published: August 2021

Theca lutein cysts are rare, benign lesions responsible for gross cystic enlargement of both ovaries during pregnancy. This condition is also termed hyperreactio luteinalis. Elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels or states of hCG hypersensitivity seem to promote these changes, which in up to 30% of patients produce clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. Given the self-limiting course of theca lutein cysts, which are subject to spontaneous postpartum resolution, conservative treatment is the mainstay of patient management. Described herein is a rare case of theca lutein cysts with maternal virilization that failed to regress by 9 months after childbirth. Surgical intervention was eventually undertaken, necessitated by adnexal torsion.
Population Based Survival Analysis of Females Diagnosed with Breast Cancer and Its Related Factors in Kerman Province from 2001 to 2015, Using Parametric Log-Logistic Models
Authors: Tavakkoli Ali , Kalantari Khandani Behjat , Mirzai Moghadameh , Khanjani Narges , Moazed Vahid
Published: August 2021

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and 14.2% of deaths in Iranian women were due to breast cancer. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the survival of females with breast cancer diagnosed over 14 years and its related factors in Kerman Province. Methods: This is a longitudinal study. Information about 2851 females diagnosed with breast cancer was inquired from the Cancer Registry of Kerman University of Medical Sciences from March 2001 to March 2015. Data analysis was performed by Stata 14 and SPSS 22. Results: Totally, 8511 women diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled in this study. The median survival time among patients with grade 3 at diagnosis was 0.51 of patients with grade 1 (P = 0.016). The median survival time among patients with stage 4 at diagnosis was 0.11 of patients with stages 0 and 1 (P < 0.001). The median survival time among post-menopause patients at diagnosis was 0.65 of pre-menopause patients (P = 0.014). The median survival time among patients with secondary metastasis was 0.22 of patients without it (P < 0.001) and the median survival time among patients with hormonotherapy was 1.52 of patients without this treatment (P = 0.013). Conclusions: Early diagnosis can improve the survival of patients with breast cancer. Periodic checkups especially in menopause ages are recommended. Hormone therapy has been successful in increasing patients’ survival.
Early Maladaptive Schemas, Sexual Self-esteem, and Anxiety in Women with Orgasmic Disorders
Authors: Mohammadi Shirin , Borjali Ahmad , Raisi Firoozeh , Yousefi Navid
Published: August 2021

Background: Individual factors that can lead to psychological disorders, including early maladaptive schemas, sexual self-esteem, and anxiety, and their impact on the female orgasmic disorder (FOD), has not yet been thoroughly examined. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare these factors in women with FOD to those without the condition. Methods: This descriptive research was causal-comparative or ex post facto study, and the statistical population was two groups of married women aged 18 to 40 years. Out of 152 women who participated, 66 cases had FOD, and 86 cases had no FOD according to the cut-off scores of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire and based on the DSM5 criteria. The Young Early Maladaptive Schema questionnaire (YEMSQ) (1995), Zeanah and Schwarz’s Sexual Self-esteem Inventory for Women (SSEI-W) (1996), and the Beck Anxiety inventory (BAI) (1988) were filled out by all the participants. An independent t-test at a significance level of P < 0.05 was applied to analyze the data using SPSS 24. Results: The results indicated that the mean scores of women with FOD were significantly higher in all schema areas than the mean scores of women without FOD (P < 0.001), and the mean scores of women without FOD were significantly higher on the sexual self-esteem scale and all its sub-scales than those with FOD (P < 0.001). Also, the mean anxiety scores of women with FOD were significantly higher than the mean scores of women without FOD (P < 0.001). Conclusions: These results support the differences in individual psychological factors among women with FOD and those without and can be used for education, prevention, evaluation, and treatment of orgasmic disorders.
A Pilot Study on Presence of SARS-CoV-2-RNA in Iranian Blood Donors
Authors: Sharifi Zohreh , Zadsar Maryam , Samiei Shahram
Published: August 2021

Background: With the rapidly increasing incidence of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in plasma, blood supply safety has become a main concern. Objectives: Due to some reports on the detection of RNAemia in SARS-CoV-2-infected blood donors, this study examined the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in asymptomatic blood donors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, about 400 blood donors from the Tehran Blood Transfusion Center with negative results for viral serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were included in the study. Moreover, all samples were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (IgG) to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in blood donors was identified by targeting RNA-dependent, RNA polymerase (RdRp), and N (nucleocapsid protein) genes using Real-Time PCR. Furthermore, the RNase P gene was used as an internal control. Results: The SARS-CoV-2 ELISA test showed that 60 (15%) of blood donors had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, and 340 (85%) of the participants have not been exposed to the virus. The cycle threshold (Ct) for positive control in the RT-PCR test for nucleocapsid (N) and RdRP SARS-CoV-2 genes was < 40 (CT = 20.37). Moreover, internal control (RNase P gene) in all samples had Ct < 40. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the blood sample of none of the blood donors. In this regard, there has been no report of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to blood recipients yet. Conclusions: The blood-borne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 seems to be highly unlikely, and coronavirus RNA screening is unnecessary among blood donors. Preventive measures should be adopted to reduce the theoretical risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 by the blood from asymptomatic COVID-19 cases.
Susceptibility Evaluation of Clinically Isolated HSV-1 Strains to Acyclovir: A Phenotypic and Genotypic Study
Authors: Aliabadi Nasrin , Jamalidoust Marzieh , Pouladfar Gholamreza , Heydari Marandi Nahid , Ziyaeyan Atoosa , Amanati Ali , Ziyaeyan Mazyar
Published: August 2021

Background: Mutations in herpes simplex virus Thymidine kinase (TK, UL23) and DNA polymerase (pol, UL30) genes may confer resistance to acyclovir (ACV). Phenotypic resistance must be determined along with genotypic resistance to achieve complete acyclovir susceptibility. Objectives: The present study aimed to characterize HSV-1 clinical isolates from outpatients and organ transplant recipients in terms of phenotypic ACV resistance. Moreover, genotypic resistance to ACV was assessed through sequencing the viral TK and pol genes amplified from virus-infected cell DNA. Methods: Twenty-six HSV-1 clinical isolates collected between 2016 and 2019 were examined for drug susceptibility. The samples were collected from eyes, oropharyngeal, facial, and other skin parts of immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Phenotypic susceptibility was determined by using three different concentrations of ACV. The results were expressed based on the ability of ACV in reducing viral plaques by 50%. Genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of TK and pol genes. Results: All the strains were characterized as sensitive at 0.01 and 0.05 µg.ml-1 concentrations to ACV. Seventy percent inhibition was observed at ≥ 0.1 µg.mL-1 of ACV for three isolates (two from patients who received transplants and one from an outpatient). Nine natural polymorphisms were detected in the TK gene and 31 in the Pol gene. Furthermore, four susceptible-associated mutations in the DNA pol gene were analyzed. A substitution was encoded in the conserved region of the pol Exo III motif (M553L), and nine amino acid substitutions in TK were detected. The phylogenetic analysis of partial genome sequences revealed high diversity in the TK and pol genes of HSV-1. Conclusions: A higher number of mutations were observed in patients who received transplants and underwent long-term treatment compared with outpatients. The high genetic variability of HSV-1 TK and DNA pol was not associated with phenotypic resistance.
Decision Support Systems: A Content Analysis of Graduate Theses in Turkey
Authors: GÖKAL Hüseyin , CANTEMIR Volkan , ADALIER Ahmet
Published: August 2021

This study aims to conduct a descriptive analysis and evaluation of graduate theses regarding decision support systems carried out between 1989 and 2020 in Turkey. The qualitative research methodology was applied, the theses were analyzed through the descriptive content analysis technique. Forty-eight graduate studies accessible from the national thesis center database of YÖK were included in the analysis. The theses were coded according to the date of publication, university, institute, department, degree level, the academic title of the thesis supervisor, thesis language, research methodology, research sub-areas. Graduate studies on DSS have increased in the last 15 years, and 42 studies have been conducted in the last 15 years. Selçuk University ranks first with the most studies on DSS. Half of the studies were carried out in the Institute of Science, and most of the studies that were produced in the universities were master's theses. Most supervisors were "Prof. Dr." titled faculty members. Most of the theses were written in Turkish, and primarily experimental studies were conducted. The business administration department produced most of the theses on DSS. Business and environment studies were the primary disciplines that produced theses. These were carried out in 7 institutes and 26 different departments. The findings of this study will guide other researchers who are willing to work in the decision support systems field.
EDUCAÇÃO E DIREITOS HUMANOS NOS DISCURSOS DO SUJEITO COLETIVO AGENTES PENITENCIÁRIOS DO CONJUNTO PENAL DE TEIXEIRA DE FREITAS
Authors: Sousa Leonardo Da Silva Carneiro , Rocha José Cláudio
Published: August 2021

O trabalho analisa os discursos do sujeito coletivo agentes penitenciários do Conjunto Penal de Teixeira de Freitas acerca da educação e dos direitos humanos. Para tanto, foi adotada uma abordagem qualiquantitativa, tendo por base as metodologias do estudo de caso e do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), sendo utilizados os recursos metodológicos da observação direta, da análise documental e das entrevistas estruturadas. Em virtude do tamanho da população, foi realizada uma amostra com 37 agentes. Com respeito à análise dos dados foi utilizado o método da triangulação, bem como a análise discursiva presente no DSC. A triangulação dos dados se deu entre os diversos documentos que orientam o funcionamento do sistema e a função do agente penitenciário. Por outro lado, para construção e análise dos DSC’s foi utilizado o QualiQuantiSoft®. Ao final, foi evidenciado um desconhecimento do conceito de Educação em Direitos Humanos e de suas normativas, havendo a necessidade de ser trabalhado adequadamente o ensino dessa temática com a categoria de um modo universalizado e integrado a sua prática de trabalho.
A MEDIAÇÃO NOS CONFLITOS TRABALHISTAS: ESTUDO COMPARADO INTERNACIONAL ENTRE BRASIL E POLÔNIA
Authors: Soares Filho Sidney , Cichobłaziński Leszek
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa acadêmica feita por pesquisadores de universidades do Brasil e da Polônia. O objetivo deste estudo é mostrar as semelhanças e diferenças da Mediação de Conflitos nas questões individuais e coletivas de trabalho entre esses dois países. Para tanto, através de uma análise crítica e documental em materiais científicos e legislativos brasileiros e polacos, este artigo apresenta as semelhanças e diferenças em relação à definição e ao procedimento mediatório nas demandas trabalhistas. Como resultado, é possível afirmar que, em ambos os países, a Mediação é um método confidencial, voluntário, informal e especializado de resolução alternativa de disputas disponível para às partes. Este estudo conclui, também, que existem diferenças entre a legislação dos dois países nos seguintes aspectos: liberação do mediador de seu trabalho durante o período de mediação; existência de lista e treinamento de mediadores; lei de regulação que estabelece a remuneração mínima do mediador; punição de “advertência” em julgamento por parte do mediador; fase do conselho de arbitragem social ou greve. Percebe-se que a legislação da Polônia confere ao Mediador uma série de prerrogativas inexistentes no Brasil.
A democracia representativa no Brasil: uma análise da atuação dos deputados federais frente aos índices de desenvolvimento de seus estados e a região geográfica que ocupam
Authors: Teixeira Liliane , Lago Ellen Corrêa Wandembruck , Tonon Leonardo
Published: August 2021

Purpose – This study seeks to verify whether the performance of Brazilian Congressional Representatives is related to MHDI and GDP per capita indices and the regions they represent. Methodology – Regarding the performance of the parliamentarians, the data used were those made available by the Transparência Brasil portal and analyzed using the multivariate exploratory non-hierarchical cluster analysis technique K-means. Federative Units were divided into clusters according to the similarities they presented with respect to the variables that made up the analysis. Findings – After the analyses, we were able to determine that there is no relation of equivalence between the performance of representatives in Congress and the observed research development indices (MHDI and GDP per capita) with states of different regions and quite distinct conditions of development making up the same group of analysis. Originality/value – The researched data, or even the identification of transparency actions demonstrates the wide variety of analysis possibilities that are available in terms of discussions of the performance of political agents and their respective returns for the population. We would suggest that future studies can use other data or other reports displayed in the transparency portals of various spheres of government. Other research possibilities can be developed based on qualitative analyses of the effective representativity of the projects proposed by these representatives of the people.
Code of ethics and conduct in the light of corporate governance: the stakeholders' perspective
Authors: Silva Renato Rodrigues da , Santos Ruan Carlos Dos , Sousa Antonia Márcia Rodrigues , Orso Lidinei Éder , Khatib Saleh Fadel Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the theme "Code of Ethics and Conduct" in private or public organizations, considering the relationship between ethical issues and good practices in Corporate Governance, measures that subsidize the planning and strengthening of ethical cultures in the interpersonal context.Design / methodology / approach: The descriptive survey relied on the application of questionnaires and obtained 184 responses from organizations of various types. The study was carried out using codes of conduct made available by companies on their websites, characterized as primary sources. The data collected were worked in the SPSS, tabulated and presented as results in the form of tables or graphs, with appropriate analyses.Findings: The results show the adoption of good practices of integrity, especially on the Code of Ethics and Conduct. The adoption of an ethical code can be considered a way to formalize, encourage and guide responsible behavior among employees and organizations. Seen from the outside, it contributes to creating and maintaining a good corporate reputation and stakeholder trust. In this sense, the reasons behind the creation of a code have been stated in the Shareholders' Theory, the Legitimacy Theory and the Stakeholder Theory.Originality / value: The Code of Ethics and Conduct arises as an instrument to guide ethical behavior in organizations. Therefore, it is the declaration of the set of rights, duties, business conduct towards stakeholders, reflecting the culture and set of norms that enrich the company's decision-making processes and guide its behavior.
INTERDISCIPLINARIEDADE ENTRE DESIGN E COMUNICAÇÃO: LINGUAGENS E EXPERIÊNCIAS NA BUSCA DE UM PADRÃO VISUAL AUTOMOTIVO
Authors: Maggioni Fabiano , Facca Claudia Alquezar , Maggioni Márcia Bandeira Landerdahl , Carvalho Helena Faleiros de
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho é fruto de um esforço em reunir de forma interdisciplinar conhecimentos das áreas da comunicação e do design para definir um possível padrão visual a uma categoria automotiva que tem encontrado mercado em expansão no Brasil, o off road. Parte do referencial teórico-metodológico baseia-se principalmente em conceitos da teoria da imagem de Kandinsky e Arnheim, e do design de produto com autores como Bürdek e Munari. Esta pesquisa também é resultante de um projeto experimental apresentado ao final do curso de graduação de uma das autoras, e elaborado em conjunto com duas instituições de ensino superior brasileiras - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) e Centro Universitário do Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia (CEUN-IMT). Ao final, foi possível descrever um possível padrão visual aplicado ao modelo de design externo do off road, retirado de observações de peças publicitárias de vários modelos dos mesmos, bem como aplicar esse padrão no desenvolvimento de um veículo Baja SAE, criado nos laboratórios do CEUN-IMT.
Conexões on-line e off-line em Vista Alegre: análise das relações sociais de uma comunidade rural
Authors: Andrade Danieli Barbosa de , Braga Gustavo Bastos
Published: August 2021

A dinâmica das relações sociais das comunidades rurais brasileiras vem sofrendo impacto em sua estrutura em razão da utilização das mídias sociais. Isso pode ser observado na comunidade rural Vista Alegre, localizada no município de Rio Casca, Minas Gerais, Brasil, que faz uso dessas mídias sociais na comunicação. Portanto, a finalidade deste artigo é comparar as redes face a face e a de contatos via aplicativo de mensagens, através da estrutura dessas redes. Para tanto, elucidar-se-á as características da utilização da tecnologia de comunicação entre os atores na forma de se relacionar no meio rural. Como resultado, observou-se que na rede on-line os atores mais jovens ocupam papéis de notoriedade, já que possuem maior probabilidade de receber e compartilhar informações, assim como os atores com profissões na área de saúde, educação e prestação de serviço em virtude da proximidade com os demais moradores. O estudo apontou que apesar das distinções entre os atores predominantes em ambas as redes, elas se complementam, ou seja, a comunicação na comunidade se caracteriza por uma comunicação híbrida que se constitui nos espaços on-line e off-line.
O perfil dos produtores de arroz do Vale do Rio Pardo-RS e o processo de gestão rural
Authors: Tatsch Ricardo , Deponti Cidonea Machado
Published: August 2021

A dinâmica da globalização e a incorporação de novas tecnologias no meio rural obrigaram os produtores a se adequarem às novas exigências, entre elas, a inclusão de práticas contábeis e gerenciais, fundamentais para se conseguir eficiência nas propriedades rurais. Com base nessa premissa, pretendeu-se, caracterizar o perfil dos produtores de arroz do Vale do Rio Pardo-RS e verificar o uso de instrumentos contábeis para controle da atividade. Buscou-se, também, demonstrar a importância do cultivo do arroz, como uma alternativa de produção em uma região em que o foco está no tabaco, trazendo informações relevantes sobre a área cultivada, a produção e a produtividade das lavouras em níveis nacional, estadual e regional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com uma breve revisão bibliográfica, com utilização de dados secundários e com a aplicação de questionário, por telefone. Acessou-se 37 dos 63 orizicultores do município de Rio Pardo-RS, segundo maior produtor de arroz da região. Além de dados referentes ao perfil dos produtores, observou-se que apenas 43% dos entrevistados mantêm alguma forma de controle e apenas um deles foi capaz de responder sobre o custo de produção por hectare. Deve-se, portanto, levar em conta toda a diversidade existente, seja de idade, escolaridade, conhecimento técnico, infraestrutura existente, domínio da área, financiamento da lavoura, entre outros. Concluiu-se que é preciso considerar a diversidade, as diferentes capacidades e formas de ação, os vastos conhecimentos que eles trazem consigo. Além de compreender a percepção que eles têm sobre a necessidade de conhecimento técnicos e gerenciais para o sucesso do seu negócio.
As relações entre valor agregado e riqueza na Análise-diagnóstico de sistemas agrários
Authors: Neto Benedito Silva
Published: August 2021

A Análise-Diagnóstico de Sistemas Agrários (ADSA) é um método de estudo empregado na extensão rural e em pesquisas sobre dinâmicas locais da agricultura. Neste método normalmente é considerado que a agregação de valor é equivalente à geração de riqueza. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os problemas provocados pela consideração do valor agregado como um indicador da produção de riquezas na ADSA. Uma demonstração formal de que valor agregado e riqueza são distintos é realizada a partir de um modelo de programação linear, com base no materialismo histórico. Esta demonstração é ilustrada por um exemplo numérico e, após, as relações entre valor agregado e riqueza são discutidas a partir da análise de alguns trabalhos que empregam a ADSA. Conclui-se que uma adoção generalizada de sistemas de produção com alta capacidade de agregação de valor, como em geral proposto a partir da ADSA, pode implicar em uma diminuição da produção de riquezas. No entanto, a crítica a este aspecto da ADSA não implica em subestimar a grande relevância deste método de análise regional da agricultura.
Skeletal effects of mini-implant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) on the sagittal dimensions of the maxilla an in-vivo cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study
Authors: Vairagi Shymal , Hedge Ashwith , Kalia Ajit , Nene Salil , Raja Amit
Published: August 2021

Introduction -Transverse discrepancies of the maxilla are one of the most prevalent skeletal problems. Due to drawbacks of conventional RPE and invasive surgical expansion methods alternative methods were developed such as Mini Implant-supported rapid maxillary expansion (MARPE).Haas17 , Davis and Kronman18, Akkaya et al19 and many other studies have reported the maxillary response after MARPE on the sagittal dimensions, but their results were inconclusive.

Aim - This study analyzed the effects on the maxilla in the sagittal dimension after Mini Implant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in adolescents using CBCT.

Material and method -A pretreatment CBCT image (T1) was taken as a standard initial record for all patients and post treatment CBCT (T2) was taken after three months in retention. The parameters SNA angle, Frankfort horizontal plane to NA angle, A-N perpendicular, ANS –PNS were measured and calculated for evaluation of the sagittal maxillary changes. Comparisons were then made between the two treatment groups (T1, T2).

Result -There was a positive increase in both angular and linear measurements from pretreatment to post treatment measurements showing significant skeletal changes in sagittal dimension.

Conclusion -The study concludes that there was statistically significant forward displacement of maxilla after transverse skeletal expansion in patients with transverse problems achieved through MARPE in adolescent patients.
Comparison of the outcomes of nasal bone reduction using serial imaging
Authors: Lee Cho Long , Yang Ho Jik , Hwang Young Joong
Published: August 2021

Background: Nasal bone fractures are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Although fracture reduction is simple and correction requires a short operative time, low patient satisfaction and relatively high complication rates remain issues for many surgeons. These challenges may result from inaccuracies in fracture recognition and assessment or inappropriate surgical planning. Findings from immediate postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans and those performed at 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively were compared to evaluate the accuracy and outcomes of nasal fracture reduction.Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with nasal bone fractures at our department who underwent closed reduction surgery. Patients who did not undergo additional CT scans were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations, patient records, and radiographic images were evaluated in 20 patients with nasal bone fractures.Results: CT findings from immediately after surgery and a 1month follow-up were compared in 20 patients. Satisfactory nasal projection and aesthetically acceptable results were observed in patients with accurate correction or mild overcorrection, while undercorrection was associated with unfavorable results.Conclusion: Closed reduction surgery for correcting nasal bone fractures usually provides acceptable outcomes with relatively few complications. If available, immediate postoperative CT scans are recommended to guide surgeons in the choice of whether to perform secondary adjustments if the initial results are unsatisfactory. Based on photogrammetric data, nasal bone reduction with accurate correction or mild overcorrection achieved acceptable and stable outcomes at 1 month postoperatively. Therefore, when upward dislocation is observed on postoperative CT, one can simply observe without a subsequent intervention.
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Authors: Nagesha Parvathi , Aparna Anto , Vivekananda Ittigi , Suresh Rangegowda , Umadevi Rangaswami
Published: August 2021

Background: Skin lightening products (SLP) are widely used cosmetics among people that may result in lightening of skin complexion and may damage the skin. There seems to be a strong demand for lighter skin tone that is shared globally and promoted by the media. Aims and Objectives: To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and use of SLPs and its social and psychological correlation among people in a south Karnataka district Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey, 2000 individuals irrespective of age and sex from a district in south Karnataka responded to a questionnaire. Results: This study explored SLPs use among 2000 individuals irrespective of age and sex in Hassan, Karnataka using a questionnaire. A total of 33.8% of the sample reported currently using SLPs, with women being two times more likely using these products. Among current users, 12.8% reported past experiences of adverse side effects. “Friends” and “Family” were the most common influence for using fairness products, followed by “Advertisements”. Discussion: Cosmetics market is flooded with skin lightening products and rampant use of the same has become a major public health concern in all countries along with the reinforcement of racism and social disparities. Side effects for skin lightening products are less reported which is similar to other studies. This could be the reason why there is no regulation of the products or the ingredients in the products. Conclusion: A high prevalence of SLP use was found in a sample of population in south Karnataka, and several social and mental health-related risk factors were found that may help in guiding interventions.
Dermoscopic features of pseudoxanthoma elasticum
Authors: Oulehri Aida , Douhi Zakia , Elloudi Sara , Baybay Hanane , Mernissi Fatima Zahra
Published: August 2021

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), also known as Gröenblad-Strandberg syndrome, is an autosomal recessive connective tissue disease characterized by aberrant mineralization of soft connective tissue resulting in fragmentation of elastic fibers, involving primarily the skin, eyes and cardiovascular. To our knowledge, there is only two other reports of the dermoscopic features of PXE in the literature. We report clinical and dermoscopic description of two new cases. We hypothesize for the first time that the dermoscopic appearance may differ according to the age of PXE lesions.
Acroangiodermatitis or pseudo-Kaposi’s sarcoma: a challenging diagnosis
Authors: Ouasmin Hanan Ragragui; , Aouali Soraya , Zizi Nada , Dikhaye Siham
Published: August 2021

Acroangiodermatitis (AAD), also referred to as pseudo-Kaposi’s sarcoma, is a vascular-proliferative disease characterized by reactive proliferation of small blood vessels in response to congenital or acquired vascular lesions. There are mainly two clinical variants of acroangiodermatitis; STEWART-BLUEFARB syndrome and the Malian type. There is clinical and histological similarity with Kaposi’s sarcoma hence the interest of immunohistochemical analysis. We report the case of a 40-year-old man with cutaneous lesions localized on the lower limbs. Clinical, dermoscopic, histological and immunohistochemical investigation led to a diagnosis of Kaposi-like acroangiodermatitis.
Evaluation of the State’s Openness to International Real Estate Transactions
Authors:   , Viesturs Jānis
Published: August 2021

The aim of the Doctoral Thesis is to evaluate openness of the State to international real estate transactions, to establish criteria according to which it can be detected, and consequently to elaborate the methodological solution by which the openness to international transactions in real estate can be periodically determined. The introduction of the Doctoral Thesis describes the topicality of the chosen subject, puts forth a research hypothesis, defines tasks for the achievement of the objective, object and subject of the research, provides a methodological basis of the research, specifies the period of research and work limitations, describes theoretical significance and scientific novelty as well as research result approbation and practical application. Chapter 1 of the Thesis elaborates on the issue of international real estate transactions and identification of major issues of foreigners’ land ownership rights. Chapter 2 is devoted to establishing a rationale behind the limitations of international real estate transactions and theoretical aspects of principles applied when evaluating the openness of the State to international real estate transactions. Chapter 3 characterises the methodological solution for the evaluation of openness to international real estate transactions and practical applications thereof. Conclusions and proposals are provided at the end of the Doctoral Thesis.
Police in Russia and the U.S. A comparative analysis of the use of force, special means and firearms
Authors: Karimov Al'bert Amirovich
Published: August 2021

The research subject is the scope of legal and tactical aspects of the use of force, special means and firearms by police officers in Russia and the U.S. The research subject is the professional activity of police officers in Russia and the U.S. in terms of the use of force, special means and firearms against citizens violating public order.  The author formulates the following research tasks:  To study the aspects of enrollment and requirements to the candidates; To analyze the peculiarities of regulation of active service performing; To compare legal and tactical aspects of the use of force, special means and firearms. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the comparative analysis of legal and tactical aspects of the use of force, special means and firearms by police officers in Russia and the U.S. The author believes that it is necessary to reconsider the legal grounds for the use of firearms by police officers even in the light of the fact that the frequency of violence used against police officers has recently increased by 12%, since legal regulations determine the tactics of the use of force, special means and firearms. The author arrives at the conclusion that each of the described systems has its positive and negative aspects which can be logically explained.   
Legislative and administrative activity of anti-Soviet governments in the sphere of industry and transport during the Russian Civil War
Authors: Medvedev Valentin Grigor'evich
Published: August 2021

The subject of this research is the legal and economic aspects of regulating the economy and transport in municipalities of “white” Russia during the civil war. The article reveals the key provisions of the legislative and administrative practice of white governments in these economic sectors. The relevance and novelty of this article is substantiated by the remaining gap within the historical-legal science on the topic at hand. Analysis is conducted on the failure of attempts of state regulation of the indicated economic sectors in the conditions of economic ruin using the economic methods and transition towards rigid administration, which did not bring expected results in establishing the work of industry and transport. The following conclusions are formulated: 1. The legal policy and administrative activity of the white governments consisted in restoration of rights of the former business owners and reviving the declined industry and transport on a market basis.                                                            2. Since the majority of private enterprises did not have the necessary circulating assets, the government was forced to transfer them to the state administration and finance them.   3. The transition from market-based methods of industrial and transport management towards imperative administration led to the formation of unproductive quasi-market relations and state management quasi-ownership.   3. The work of cooperatives, which did not require state subsidies and largely provided the army with the essentials, did not receive due state support, since most of the government orders were delivered by the military-industrial complex, although cooperative products were cheaper.   4. Subordination of transport operations to military needs led to the disruption of commercial transportation, which caused standstill or shutdown of many businesses. An important factor of economic collapse consisted in bureaucratic hurdles and corruption within the government apparatus of “white” Russia.
Trace Clustering: A Preprocessing Method to Improve the Performance of Process Discovery
Authors: LI Huiling , ZHANG Shuaipeng , SU Xuan
Published: August 2021

The information system collects a large number of business process event logs, and process discovery aims to discover process models from the event logs. Many process discovery methods have been proposed, but most of them still have problems when processing event logs, such as low mining efficiency and poor process model quality. The trace clustering method allows to decompose original log to effectively solve these problems. There are many existing trace clustering methods, such as clustering based on vector space approaches, context-aware trace clustering, model-based sequence clustering, etc. The clustering effects obtained by different trace clustering methods are often different. Therefore, this paper proposes a preprocessing method to improve the performance of process discovery, called as trace clustering. Firstly, the event log is decomposed into a set of sub-logs by trace clustering method, Secondly, the sub-logs generate process models respectively by the process mining method. The experimental analysis on the datasets shows that the method proposed not only effectively improves the time performance of process discovery, but also improves the quality of the process model.
Transpiration-use efficiency of young cactus pear plants (Opuntia ficus-indica L.)
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Kremer Cristian , Faúndez Carlos ,   Universidad de Chile, Beyá-Marshall Víctor ,   Universidad de Chile, Franck Nicolas ,   Universidad de Chile, Muñoz-Aravena Víctor ,   Universidad de Chile
Published: August 2021

Opuntia ficus-indica is a versatile crop that is resilient to drought, making it perfect for semiarid to arid zones. However, the lack of knowledge associated with its benefits and the lack of simple crop growth simulation models to determine its potential development, among others, has prevented its expansion. Transpiration-use efficiency (w) has been used to evaluate crop performance under different water supplies; however, the lack of consistency in w values under different environmental conditions has impeded its use as a transferable parameter. To overcome this problem, w is estimated through the normalized water-use efficiency (kDa) and the vapor pressure deficit (Da) as w = kDa Da-1, where kDa is a crop-dependent parameter. Therefore, the goals of this research were (i) to determine w and kDa in young plants of Opuntia ficus-indica and (ii) to compare the obtained parameters with values from other species. The w and kDa results were 18.57 (g kg-1) and 6.48 (g kPa kg-1), respectively. Here, w was more than two to six times the value for traditional cereals (maize, rice, wheat), while kDa was larger than that of most C3 crops and fell in the range for C4 and CAM crops. This is the first study that explicitly determines kDa for Opuntia ficus-indica; hence, more research should be carried out on its estimation, including under different agroclimatic conditions and in later stages of development. As a first approximation, the parameters obtained here can be used as a simple model to estimate yield projections of Opuntia ficus-indica.
История моря Лаптевых: большое затопление и его микроскопические свидетели, "Природа"
Authors: Клювиткина Т.С. , Полякова Е.И.
Published: August 2021

Во время максимума последнего оледенения на месте современного моря Лаптевых была суша, а берег отступил на сотни километров к северу. С началом потепления уровень моря стал стремительно повышаться, затапливая прибрежную равнину. К настоящему времени ход голоценовой трансгрессии уже поэтапно реконструирован. Нам известно, когда началось затопление, как и с какой скоростью наступало море, где скапливалась основная масса осадков и когда трансгрессия прекратилась. Но что происходило в то время в толще воды Какие водные массы господствовали на шельфе, как смещались к югу речные устья, каковы были температура и соленость поверхностных вод Попадала ли сюда, как сегодня, вода из Северной Атлантики Обо всем этом нам могут рассказать микроскопические планктонные организмы, жившие в то время и сохранившиеся в донных осадках шельфа. По результатам изучения комплексов микроводорослей в четырех грунтовых колонках, полученных с шельфа и континентального склона, реконструирована история моря Лаптевых за последние 17.5 тыс. лет.
Микрокосм девонских микроконхид и корнулитид Закавказья, "Природа"
Authors: Комаров В.Н. , Измайлова А.А. , Головастов Д.А. , Гончарова Е.И.
Published: August 2021

Приведены данные о первых находках микроконхид и корнулитид на раковинах брахиопод-атрипид из девонских отложений Закавказья в интервале от эмсского до франского яруса включительно. Эпибионты, представленные гладкими спирально свернутыми трубчатыми раковинами рода Palaeconchus и прямыми трубчатыми раковинами рода Cornulites, примерно в равных пропорциях обнаружены как на брюшных, так и на спинных створках брахиопод. Прикрепление изученных Palaeconchus, скорее всего, происходило посмертно. В пользу этого вывода свидетельствует отсутствие правильности в их размещении. Гирляндный характер нарастания Cornulites, когда отдельные особи имеют примерно одинаковый размер, а их цепочки направлены устьем к передней комиссуре и расположены параллельно отступившему вперед лобному краю, свидетельствует о прижизненном прикреплении. На протяжении девонского периода эпибионты оставались в Закавказье обычными, хотя и достаточно редкими элементами бентосной фауны. Они отличались невысоким уровнем таксономической дивергенции, морфологического разнообразия адаптивных приспособлений и экологической дифференциации, что в целом свидетельствует о стабильности абиотических и биотических условий среды в то время.
The Role of Social Media in Earthquake Awareness and Earthquake Preparedness in Myanmar
Authors: Aung Hla Hla , Swe Kye Mon Min
Published: August 2021

Myanmar is an earthquake-prone country in SE Asia and all types of faulting such as strike-slip, normal, and reverse are occurring all over Myanmar territory. Apart from surface faults, the India oceanic plate is subducting obliquely beneath Burma continental plate along Sunda subduction zone. The interaction between the India plate, the Burma plate and Eurasia plate appears to be characterized by the initiation of major movements between plates switching from one to another within this tectonic region. The Sagaing Fault is a primary plate boundary between the Burma plate and Indochina plate along which most of the relative motion has occurred and will continue to occur for the geologic future. According to seismicity record in Myanmar, most of the earthquakes occurred either in the evening or at midnight or at dawn. So the people become scary because earthquake occurs without warnings. During such situation, people run immediately outside the building to the open space due to people’s survival instincts. People have anxiety which is a normal response to frightening situation. The social media interviews the earthquake researchers/ earthquake geologists why the earthquake occurs and how to protect them during earthquake. By disseminating the information on social networks, people become aware of the earthquake disaster and become focusing on effective preparedness.