bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Update of cellular responses to the efferocytosis of necroptosis and pyroptosis
Authors: Purnama Chandra Agung , Meiliana Anna , Barliana Melisa Intan , Lestari Keri
Published: April 2023

Cell death is a basic physiological process that occurs in all living organisms. A few key players in these mechanisms, as well as various forms of cell death programming, have been identified. Apoptotic cell phagocytosis, also known as apoptotic cell clearance, is a well-established process regulated by a number of molecular components, including ‘find-me’, ‘eat-me’ and engulfment signals. Efferocytosis, or the rapid phagocytic clearance of cell death, is a critical mechanism for tissue homeostasis. Despite having similar mechanism to phagocytic clearance of infections, efferocytosis differs from phagocytosis in that it induces a tissue-healing response and is immunologically inert. However, as field of cell death has rapid expanded, much attention has recently been drawn to the efferocytosis of additional necrotic-like cell types, such as necroptosis and pyroptosis. Unlike apoptosis, this method of cell suicide allows the release of immunogenic cellular material and causes inflammation. Regardless of the cause of cell death, the clearance of dead cells is a necessary function to avoid uncontrolled synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules and inflammatory disorder. We compare and contrast apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis, as well as the various molecular mechanisms of efferocytosis in each type of cell death, and investigate how these may have functional effects on different intracellular organelles and signalling networks. Understanding how efferocytic cells react to necroptotic and pyroptotic cell uptake can help us understand how to modulate these cell death processes for therapeutic purposes.
Cooled radiofrequency ablation versus cryoneurolysis of the genicular nerves for the symptomatic pain management in knee osteoarthritis: a study protocol of a prospective, randomized, single-blinded clinical trial
Authors: Panagopoulos A. , Tsiplakos P. , Katsanos K. , Antzoulas P. , Lakoumentas J.
Published: April 2023

Background

Cooled radiofrequency ablation (CRFA) and cryoneurolysis (CRYO) are two novel methods of genicular neurolysis to relief pain in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA). In this study, the two methods will be compared, giving us the opportunity to investigate their efficacy, safety and complications.

Methods

In this prospective randomized trial 70 patients with KOA will be recruited using a diagnostic block of four genicular nerves. Two groups will be created through software randomization: a CRFA group (35 patients) and a CRYO group (35 patients). The target of the interventions will be four genicular nerves; the superior medial, superior lateral, inferior medial, as well as the medial (retinacular) genicular branch from vastus intermedius. The primary outcome of this clinical trial will be the efficacy of CRFA or CRYO at 2-, 4-, 12-and 24-weeks post-intervention using the Numerical Rating Pain Scale (NRPS). The secondary outcomes are the safety of the two techniques, as well as the clinical evaluation using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and the 7-point scale of Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC).

Discussion

These two novel techniques can block pain transmission through genicular nerves in different ways. In contrast to cryoneurolysis, the CRFA method has been well documented in the past. This is the first clinical trial to compare CRFA vs CRYO and draw conclusions about their safety and efficacy.

Trial registration

ISRCTN87455770 [https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN87455770]. Registered 29/3/2022, first patient recruited 31/8/2022.
The quantification of 3D-trabecular architecture of the fourth cervical vertebra using CT osteoabsorptiometry and micro-CT
Authors: Poilliot Amélie , Gay-Dujak Max Hans-Peter , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena
Published: April 2023

Background

Bone functional adaptation rationalises the inhomogeneous morphology found in bone. By means of computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry and micro-computed tomography, the mineralisation of the subchondral endplates and trabecular microstructure of vertebral bodies can be assessed to visualise the chronic loading conditions bone endures over time. In this study, we determined cancellous and compartment-specific trabecular architecture in the cervical vertebra to aid with successful integration of orthopaedic implants.

Methods

We examined the micro-computed tomography scans of seven prospectively healthy C4 vertebrae, evaluated their microstructure parameters (bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone surface density (BS/BV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular number per volume (Tb.N), connectivity density (Conn.D), structure model index (SMI), and degree of anisotropy (DA), and compared the trabecular architecture in twelve predefined volumes of interest: the cranial and caudal 0–10%, 10–15%, and 25–50% in both the ventral and dorsal half. Using computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry, the subchondral bone mineralisation of the subchondral endplates of nine C4 vertebrae was also evaluated.

Results

Highest mineralisation is located dorsally at the endplates. Tb.Sp and Tb.N were the only two parameters that displayed significant differences in averaged values of VOI. Nonetheless, distinct, consistent ventral–dorsal modulations were seen in matched sample ventral–dorsal comparison in the BV/TV, BS/BV, and SMI overall levels, as well as in Tb.Th in the three caudal levels. To simplify, the vertebra was split into ventral–cranial, dorsal–cranial, ventral–caudal, and dorsal–caudal equal quarters. The ventral quarters display lower BV/TV, respectively, higher BS/BV and SMI than their sample paired dorsal quarters. The ventral–cranial quarter shows the lowest BV/TV and the highest BS/BV and SMI, describing spacious cancellous bone with rod-like trabeculae. In contrast, the dorsal–caudal quarter exhibits the highest BV/TV and Tb.Th and the lowest BS/BV and SMI, illustrating thicker, denser, and more plate-like trabeculae. The dorsal–cranial and ventral–caudal quarters are comparable and represent intermediate characteristics.

Conclusions

CT-OAM and µCT demonstrate the interdependence of compact and trabecular bone in response to long-term loading conditions. Results show highest mineralisation in the dorso-caudal part of the C4 vertebra. Recommended placement of orthopaedic implants should be positioned dorsally with screws anchored in the dorsal–caudal region.
Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus compared to Internet-delivered mindfulness for tinnitus: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Eimontas Jonas , Gegieckaitė Goda , Asačiova Irena , Stičinskaitė Nikol , Arcimavičiūtė Livija , Savickaitė Dovilė , Vaitiekūnaitė-Zubriakovienė Donata , Polianskis Marius , Gans Jennifer , Beukes Eldre , Manchaiah Vinaya , Andersson Gerhard , Lesinskas Eugenijus
Published: April 2023

Background

Tinnitus affects around 15% of the population and can be a debilitating condition for a sizeable part of them. However, effective evidence-based treatments are scarce. One recommended treatment for tinnitus is cognitive behavioral therapy which has been found to be effective when delivered online. However, more treatments including mindfulness-based interventions have been studied recently in an attempt to facilitate the availability of effective treatments. There are promising findings showing great effects in reducing tinnitus-induced distress and some evidence about the efficacy of such intervention delivered online. However, there is a lack of evidence on how these two treatments compare against one another. Therefore, the aim of this study will be to compare Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus against an Internet-delivered mindfulness-based tinnitus stress reduction intervention in a three-armed randomized controlled trial with a waiting list control condition.

Methods

This study will be a randomized controlled trial seeking to recruit Lithuanian-speaking individuals suffering from chronic tinnitus. The self-report measure Tinnitus Handicap Inventory will be used. Self-referred participants will be randomized into one of three study arms: Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy, Internet-delivered mindfulness-based tinnitus stress reduction intervention, or a waiting-list control group. Post-treatment measures will be taken at the end of the 8-week-long intervention (or waiting). Long-term efficacy will be measured 3 and 12 months post-treatment.

Discussion

Internet-delivered interventions offer a range of benefits for delivering evidence-based treatments. This is the first randomized controlled trial to directly compare Internet-delivered CBT and MBTSR for tinnitus in a non-inferiority trial.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05705323. Registered on January 30, 2023.
Thermotolerance improvement of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG5 Delta ERG4 Delta ERG3 Delta, molecular mechanism, and its application in corn ethanol production
Authors: Yang Peizhou , Wu Wenjing , Chen Jianchao , Jiang Suwei , Zheng Zhi , Deng Yanhong , Lu Jiuling , Wang Hu , Zhou Yong , Geng Yuyou , Wang Kanglin
Published: April 2023

Background

The thermotolerant yeast is beneficial in terms of efficiency improvement of processes and reduction of costs, while Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not efficiently grow and ferment at high-temperature conditions. The sterol composition alteration from ergosterol to fecosterol in the cell membrane of S. cerevisiae affects the thermotolerant capability.

Results

In this study, S. cerevisiae ERG5, ERG4, and ERG3 were knocked out using the CRISPR–Cas9 approach to impact the gene expression involved in ergosterol synthesis. The highest thermotolerant strain was S. cerevisiae ERG5ΔERG4ΔERG3Δ, which produced 22.1 g/L ethanol at 37 °C using the initial glucose concentration of 50 g/L with an increase by 9.4% compared with the wild type (20.2 g/L). The ethanol concentration of 9.4 g/L was produced at 42 ℃, which was 2.85-fold of the wild-type strain (3.3 g/L). The molecular mechanism of engineered S. cerevisiae at the RNA level was analyzed using the transcriptomics method. The simultaneous deletion of S. cerevisiae ERG5, ERG4, and ERG3 caused 278 up-regulated genes and 1892 down-regulated genes in comparison with the wild-type strain. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the up-regulated genes relevant to ergosterol metabolism were ERG1, ERG11, and ERG5, while the down-regulated genes were ERG9 and ERG26. S. cerevisiae ERG5ΔERG4ΔERG3Δ produced 41.6 g/L of ethanol at 37 °C with 107.7 g/L of corn liquefied glucose as carbon source.

Conclusion

Simultaneous deletion of ERG5, ERG4, and ERG3 resulted in the thermotolerance improvement of S. cerevisiae ERG5ΔERG4ΔERG3Δ with cell viability improvement by 1.19-fold at 42 °C via modification of steroid metabolic pathway. S. cerevisiae ERG5ΔERG4ΔERG3Δ could effectively produce ethanol at 37 °C using corn liquefied glucose as carbon source. Therefore, S. cerevisiae ERG5ΔERG4ΔERG3Δ had potential in ethanol production at a large scale under supra-optimal temperature.
Transverse colon volvulus presenting as bowel obstruction, atelectasis, and displacement of the right lobe of the liver into the left upper abdominal quadrant: a case report
Authors: Kayiira Mubaraka , Muwanguzi Eria , Kasozi Derrick , Waitt Peter , Ayebare Rogers , Musinguzi Edwin , Orimunsi Innocent , Okeny Paul , Mbide Peter , Serumaga Timothy Arthur , Tamale Nicholas
Published: April 2023

Background

Transverse colon volvulus is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction. It is a surgical emergency that can lead to bowel infarction, peritonitis, and death.

Case presentation

We report a case of transverse colon volvulus in a 35-year-old Congolese immigrant man who had a rare presentation with features of intestinal obstruction associated with right lung collapse and left mediastinal shift.

Conclusion

This case is unusual because it presented with respiratory features that mimicked a pneumothorax in addition to features of intestinal obstruction. The use of point-of-care lung ultrasound was helpful in ruling out a pneumothorax, and this could help avoid situations such as unintentional chest drain insertions by other professionals who may encounter a similar case. Because transverse colon volvulus is rare, a high level of suspicion and awareness is required to make an accurate diagnosis.
The molecular mechanism of human stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in retinal repair and regeneration
Authors: Yang Mei , Peng Guang-hua
Published: April 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes, play a critical role in metabolic regulation and intracellular communication. Stem cell-derived EVs are considered to have the potential for regeneration, like stem cells, while simultaneously avoiding the risk of immune rejection or tumour formation. The therapeutic effect of stem cell-derived EVs has been proven in many diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of stem cell-derived EVs in retinal repair and regeneration has not been fully clarified. In this review, we described the biological characteristics of stem cell-derived EVs, summarized the current research on stem cell-derived EV treatment in retinal repair and regeneration, and discussed the potential and challenges of stem cell-derived EVs in translational medicine.
Therapeutic potential of MSCs and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Wu Feifeng , She Zhou , Li Cuifang , Mao Jueyi , Luo Senlin , Chen Xiaoyu , Tian Jidong , Wen Chuan
Published: April 2023

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease involving a variety of immune cells and factors. Despite being a benign disease, it is still considered incurable due to its complex pathogenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with low immunogenicity, pluripotent differentiation, and immunomodulatory ability, are widely used in a variety of autoimmune diseases. In recent years, impaired bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ITP; and the therapeutic role of MSCs in ITP has also been supported by increasing evidence with encouraging efficacy. MSCs hold promise as a new approach to treat or even cure refractory ITP. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as novel carriers in the “paracrine” mechanism of MSCs, are the focus of MSCs. Encouragingly, several studies suggested that EVs may perform similar functions as MSCs to treat ITP. This review summarized the role of MSCs in the pathophysiology and treatment of ITP.
Well posedness for one class of elliptic equations with drift
Authors: Ospanov Kordan N.
Published: April 2023

We studied one class of second-order elliptic equations with intermediate coefficient and proved that the semi-periodic problem on a strip is unique solvable in Hilbert space. We assume that the intermediate coefficient of the equation is continuously differentiable and grows rapidly near infinity, for example, it grows faster than $(|x|+1 ) \ln (|x|+3)$
(
|
x
|
+
1
)
ln
(
|
x
|
+
3
)
. However, we do not impose bounds on its derivatives. We believe that the lower-order coefficient is continuous, can be unlimited and change sign.
The effect of problem-solving and assertiveness training on self-esteem and mental health of female adolescents: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Golshiri Parastoo , Mostofi Alireza , Rouzbahani Shiva
Published: April 2023

Background

Children and adolescents are the assets of the society and their mental and physical health ensures the future health of next generations. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of problem-solving and assertiveness skill training on improving self-esteem and mental health in high school female students of Isfahan city in 2019.

Methods

This study was a randomized clinical trial. The target population was 10th grade female high school students in Isfahan city of Iran. 96 students of a female public high school were included in  the study, allocated to two groups, 32 for intervention group and 64 for control group. Six 90-min sessions were considered for problem-solving and assertiveness skill training which included lectures, question and answer, movie displaying, brainstorming and role-play. The Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory Questionnaire (CSEI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used in order to evaluate the variables of the study before and one month after the intervention.

Results

Mean scores of the self-esteem variable changed significantly in the intervention group compared to control group before (25.2 ± 2.905) and after (29.9 ± 4.155) the intervention (p < 0.05). Mean scores of mental health also changed significantly before (27.67 ± 5.42) and after (19.033 ± 4.9) the intervention in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The findings of the present study showed that educational intervention based on problem-solving and assertiveness can  enhance self-esteem and mental health in students. Future studies are needed to confirm and determine the structure of these associations.

Trial Registration IRCT Code: IRCT20171230038142N9. Registration Date: 07/07/2019. Ethics Code: IR.MUI.MED.REC.1398.130.
The deconstruction of emotional identity of recreation for ethnic cultural heritage in the geo-cultural perspective: a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis on Wuqiang new year paintings
Authors: Feng Xin , Yu Lei , Chen Guoqiang
Published: April 2023

As a model of the combination of nostalgia and creative products, ethnic cultural heritage carry the function of shaping and spreading geo-culture. Its unique geo-cultural context, as a link, shows the historical inheritance of local culture. The deep deconstruction of its emotional identity helps to strengthen this identity and stimulate more cultural and creative designs with national and local characteristics. While culture prospers, the local cultural and creative economy is strengthened and cultural confidence and national self-confidence are further enhanced. Based on the New Year paintings of Wuqiang in Hebei, which have a strong folk vernacular and geo-cultural character in northern China, in the process of using the reconstructed pattern elements for clothing design, 156 questionnaires were collected through questionnaire interviews and fsQCA was used to analyze the emotional identity of products with high geo-cultural recognition. The study finds that while the injection of regional culture plays a role in the development of products, people's emotional identification with vernacular cultural and creative products actually depends on a combination of causal paths, with beauty and elegance more important than place and humanity as commonly believed to reflect geographic cultural identity. fsQCA was used to analyze the emotional identity of products with high geo-cultural recognition. And understand the emotional components of vernacular cultural products and how emotional factors influence people's identities.
A randomized porcine study of hemorrhagic shock comparing end-tidal carbon dioxide targeted and proximal systolic blood pressure targeted partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the mitigation of metabolic injury
Authors: Stene Hurtsén Anna , McGreevy David T. , Karlsson Christina , Frostell Claes G. , Hörer Tal M. , Nilsson Kristofer F.
Published: April 2023

Background

The definition of partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (pREBOA) is not yet determined and clinical markers of the degree of occlusion, metabolic effects and end-organ injury that are clinically monitored in real time are lacking. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) targeted pREBOA causes less metabolic disturbance compared to proximal systolic blood pressure (SBP) targeted pREBOA in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock.

Materials and methods

Twenty anesthetized pigs (26–35 kg) were randomized to 45 min of either ETCO2 targeted pREBOA (pREBOAETCO2, ETCO2 90–110% of values before start of occlusion, n = 10) or proximal SBP targeted pREBOA (pREBOASBP, SBP 80–100 mmHg, n = 10), during controlled grade IV hemorrhagic shock. Autotransfusion and reperfusion over 3 h followed. Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, blood samples and jejunal specimens were analyzed.

Results

ETCO2 was significantly higher in the pREBOAETCO2 group during the occlusion compared to the pREBOASBP group, whereas SBP, femoral arterial mean pressure and abdominal aortic blood flow were similar. During reperfusion, arterial and mesenteric lactate, plasma creatinine and plasma troponin concentrations were higher in the pREBOASBP group.

Conclusions

In a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock, ETCO2 targeted pREBOA caused less metabolic disturbance and end-organ damage compared to proximal SBP targeted pREBOA, with no disadvantageous hemodynamic impact. End-tidal CO2 should be investigated in clinical studies as a complementary clinical tool for mitigating ischemic–reperfusion injury when using pREBOA.
Single-incision laparoscopic surgery for intestinal intussusception due to neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Sueda Toshinori , Tei Mitsuyoshi , Mori Soichiro , Nishida Kentaro , Yasuyama Akinobu , Yoshikawa Yukihiro , Nomura Masatoshi , Koga Chikato , Miyagaki Hiromichi , Tsujie Masanori , Akamaru Yusuke
Published: April 2023

Background

Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is uncommon, but intestinal intussusception caused by NET is even rare. We report a rare case of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) for intestinal intussusception due to NET G1.

Case presentation

A 72-year-old woman presented with vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed the target sign in the ascending colon. An enhanced nodule was detected at the lead point, leading us to suspect a tumor. Colonoscopy showed a tumor at the lead point of the intestinal intussusception. Histological findings led to a diagnosis of NET G1. Single-incision laparoscopic ileocecal resection with regional lymphadenectomy was then performed. The patient was discharged 10 days postoperatively with no complications.

Conclusion

We achieved SILS with regional lymphadenectomy for preoperatively diagnosed intestinal intussusception due to NET G1. Although this condition is rare, surgeons should take this possibility into consideration in cases showing similar findings.
Extracting topological features to identify at-risk students using machine learning and graph convolutional network models
Authors: Albreiki Balqis , Habuza Tetiana , Zaki Nazar
Published: April 2023

Technological advances have significantly affected education, leading to the creation of online learning platforms such as virtual learning environments and massive open online courses. While these platforms offer a variety of features, none of them incorporates a module that accurately predicts students’ academic performance and commitment. Consequently, it is crucial to design machine learning (ML) methods that predict student performance and identify at-risk students as early as possible. Graph representations of student data provide new insights into this area. This paper describes a simple but highly accurate technique for converting tabulated data into graphs. We employ distance measures (Euclidean and cosine) to calculate the similarities between students’ data and construct a graph. We extract graph topological features (GF) to enhance our data. This allows us to capture structural correlations among the data and gain deeper insights than isolated data analysis. The initial dataset (DS) and GF can be used alone or jointly to improve the predictive power of the ML method. The proposed method is tested on an educational dataset and returns superior results. The use of DS alone is compared with the use of $$DS + GF$$

D
S
+
G
F

in the classification of students into three classes: “failed”,“at risk”, and “good”. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) reaches 0.948 using DS, compared with 0.964 for $$DS + GF$$

D
S
+
G
F

. The accuracy in the case of $$DS + GF$$

D
S
+
G
F

varies from 84.5 to 87.3%. Adding GF improves the performance by 2.019% in terms of AUC and 3.261% in terms of accuracy. Moreover, by incorporating graph topological features through a graph convolutional network (GCN), the prediction performance can be enhanced by 0.5% in terms of accuracy and 0.9% in terms of AUC under the cosine distance matrix. With the Euclidean distance matrix, adding the GCN improves the prediction accuracy by 3.7% and the AUC by 2.4%. By adding graph embedding features to ML models, at-risk students can be identified with 87.4% accuracy and 0.97 AUC. The proposed solution provides a tool for the early detection of at-risk students. This will benefit universities and enhance their prediction performance, improving both effectiveness and reputation.
Utility of anti-immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM, Kappa, Lambda - FITC (conjugate) cocktail in routine renal pathology practice
Authors: Thakur Shilpi , Gaspar Balan Louis
Published: April 2023

Background

Immunofluorescence studies on frozen sections are an essential component in the evaluation of renal biopsies. The basic panel in most centres constitutes IgG, IgA, IgM, C3c, C1q, Kappa and Lambda light chain antibody testing. The purpose of this panel is to detect immunoglobulin or complement deposits and further subclassify the disease based on the location, intensity and pattern of immunoglobulin and complement staining. However, there are a substantial proportion of nephropathies that do not show any obvious immune-deposits on immunofluorescence. We currently, do not have any evidence-based alternative immunofluorescence panel to rule out these conditions. This study aims to evaluate the utility of anti-immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM, Kappa, Lambda - FITC cocktail immunofluorescence on renal biopsy frozen sections with emphasis on its role as a primary screening panel in conjunction with C3c and C1q.

Methods

Anti-immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM, Kappa, Lambda light chain - FITC cocktail immunofluorescence was performed on 593 consecutive native renal biopsies along with the routine panel comprising of the individual FITC labelled IgG, IgA, IgM, C3c, C1q, Kappa and Lambda light chain immunofluorescence stains.

Results

In 235 (39.6%) cases immune deposits (immune-complex mediated and monoclonal gammopathy-related) were present and the rest 354 (59.7%) cases were negative for immunoglobulin or complement deposits. Overall, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values of anti-immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM, Kappa and Lambda - FITC cocktail in distinguishing immune-complex/immunoglobulin-mediated glomerulopathies from non-immune complex/immunoglobulin-mediated glomerulopathies were 100% each.

Conclusion

Anti-immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM, Kappa and Lambda - FITC cocktail when used in conjunction with C3c and C1q, can be an effective first line investigation in all native renal biopsies. Further, testing with the individual FITC labelled IgG, IgA, IgM, Kappa and Lambda light chain immunofluorescence can be performed, depending on the initial screening as described above. Overall, this algorithmic approach can save valuable resources.
Dietary patterns associated with the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Authors: Tayyem Reema F. , Ajeen Rawan , Al-Khammash Amal
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk associated with osteoporosis in Jordanian postmenopausal women recently diagnosed with osteoporosis. A case–control study design was used to determine nutrient intake, and dietary and lifestyle patterns. Two hundred Jordanian postmenopausal women were enrolled; 100 patients newly diagnosed with osteoporosis, and 100 osteoporosis-free controls, according to the inclusion criteria. Case and control groups were selected from visitors to the University of Jordan Hospital and the Jordanian Osteoporosis Prevention Society. The case-to-control ratio was (1:1). Four dietary patterns were identified in this study and they include: ‘High-Fruits and Vegetables', 'Traditional', 'Unhealthy/Western', and 'High-Proteins', which accounted for 44.7% of the total variance in food intake. The ‘High-Fruits and Vegetables’ dietary pattern showed a decreased likelihood of osteoporosis risk in the fourth quartile [Q4: AOR 0.375, 95% CI (0.154–0.9150), P = 0.031]. On the other hand, the ‘Unhealthy/Western’ and ‘High-Protein’ dietary patterns were positively associated ([Q3: AOR 2.834, 95%CI (1.081–7.430), P = 0.034] and [AQ3: OR 2.601, 95% CI (1.983–6.882), P = 0.045], respectively) with osteoporosis risk in the third quartile. The present results suggest that the 'High-Fruits and Vegetables' dietary pattern may exert a protective effect on the risk of osteoporosis while 'Unhealthy/Western' and 'High-Protein' dietary patterns showed positive effects on the risk of osteoporosis.

Graphical Abstract
Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension and cardiac insufficiency successfully treated with oral propranolol—a rare case report
Authors: Priyadarshini Debashree , Akhila Goolla , Sarangi Rachita , Mahapatra Anuspandana
Published: April 2023

Background

Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma (IHHE) is a benign liver tumor associated with a varied spectrum of presentations ranging from asymptomatic hepatomegaly and cutaneous hemangiomas to some life-threatening complications like cardiac failure, consumptive hypothyroidism, pulmonary arterial hypertension, gastrointestinal bleeding, and coagulopathy. Hypothyroidism results from increased activity of type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase in the liver. Clinico-radiological correlation is essential for a definite diagnosis. Although children with asymptomatic lesions may experience spontaneous regression within a year, those with symptomatic lesions require aggressive management due to the risk of mortality once the symptoms commence. Treatment modalities can be either pharmacologic or interventional depending on the clinical presentation, with propranolol being considered the first-line agent.

Case presentation

Here, we describe a 2-month-old female infant with progressive abdominal distension, signs of congestive cardiac failure, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, confirmed as IHHE by abdominal ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced MRI. It was complicated by consumptive hypothyroidism and coagulopathy. The child was successfully treated with oral propranolol, levothyroxine, and supportive measures.

Conclusion

Early aggressive treatment in a symptomatic patient is linked to successful outcomes. Hypothyroidism should be focused on and managed earlier to prevent intellectual and growth retardation.
Mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal and ovidical effects of the different extracts of the leaves of Peltophorum pterocarpum against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Yagoo Alex , Milton M. C. John , Vilvest Jelin , Johnson Irine , Balakrishna Keduki
Published: April 2023

Background

Mosquitoes are vectors for several diseases like dengue, chikingunea, malaria etc. The three important mosquito species in India are Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi. Several plant extracts and phytoconstituents have been tested for antimosquito activity. In our present investigation, we have studied, the mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal and ovicidal activities of the successive n-hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of leaves of Peltophorum pterocarpum (Fabaceae).

Results

The two mosquito species studied were Ae. agypti and Cx. quinquefasiatus. The larvicdial activity on both mosquitoes was in the order methanol > chloroform > n-hexne. The LC 50 values for these extracts were 111.77 and 158.93 ppm (methanol extract), 170.74 and 169.18 ppm (chloroform extract), 219.14 and 203.48 ppm (n-hexane) respectively for both mosquitoes. The pupicidal activity was in the order chloroform > methanol > n-hexne. The LC50 values for these extracts were 226.01 and 204.041 ppm (chloroform extract), 235.40 and 239.50 ppm (methanol extract), 303.07 and 284.04 ppm (n-hexane,) respectively. The ovicidal activity of the extracts against both the mosquitoes studied was not appreciable.

Conclusion

The methanol extract revealed higher larvicidal activity, while the chloroform extract showed higher pupicidal activity for both the mosquitoes. Hence, the methanol and chloroform extracts of the leaves of the plant may be taken up for further studies. This is the first detailed report on the antimosquito activity of the successive extracts of the leaves of Peltophorum perocarpum against the two mosquito species Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.
A Case Report of Spinal Anesthesia for Cerclage Placement in the Setting of Severe Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hussey Patrick T. , Hussey Hanna , Egbaria Jamal , Landau Ruth , Townsley Matthew M.
Published: April 2023

Neuraxial anesthesia is preferred over general anesthesia in obstetric patients to avoid airway manipulation, aspiration, and maternal-fetal transfer of medications; however, a sudden sympathetic block is generally avoided in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). The case of a 31-year-old G2P0010 with HOCM with severe resting left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve undergoing a cerclage under choroprocaine spinal anesthesia is presented. Risks and benefits of general versus neuraxial anesthesia, and epidural versus spinal anesthesia, in this specific setting are reviewed.
Probability theory in examples and problems in R
Authors: Krivolapov Sergey , Belotelov Nikolay , Shashkov Oleg
Published: April 2023

The textbook outlines the basic concepts and methods of probability theory, their implementation by means of the R language. There are many examples and problems with detailed solutions.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the fields of "Economics", "Business Informatics", graduate students, researchers and teachers.
Emergency care for bleeding in obstetrics
Authors: Neymark Mihail , Nikolaeva Mariya
Published: April 2023

The monograph is devoted to one of the urgent problems of modern clinical medicine — obstetric bleeding, which is a frequent cause of maternal mortality. Taking into account the existing domestic and foreign clinical recommendations, it highlights the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and intensive therapy of massive obstetric blood loss. Special attention is paid to the role of hemostatic disorders in the genesis of these complications in pregnant women and methods of their correction.
It is intended for obstetricians, gynecologists, anesthesiologists, resuscitators, hematologists and other specialists who treat these patients.
Development of Russian legislation in the 1930s
Authors: Bogolyubov Sergey , Alekseeva Larisa , Vasil'eva Liya , Galinovskaya Elena , Dorskaya Aleksandra , Zvonarev Andrey , Zyryanov Sergey , Kodolova Alena , L'vov Aleksey , Nikitina Elena , Pozdnyakova Elena , Seleznev Vladimir , Uvarov Igor' , Shul'ga Sergey , Borisova N.E.
Published: April 2023

The 30s of the twentieth century represent a special stage in the history of the national state and law. At this time, on the one hand, the formation of the main state and legal institutions of the Soviet period was completed, on the other hand, a number of emergency measures were taken on the eve of the war, which still cause ambiguous assessments of scientists and the general public.
The authors of the monograph made an attempt to objectively approach the consideration of the peculiarities of the development of legislation in the 1930s, to show its importance in regulating the most important spheres of public relations. A number of aspects not previously studied in detail in the historical and legal literature are analyzed.
It is intended for students, postgraduates, teachers, researchers, anyone interested in the history of the national state and law.
STATUS AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL LABOR RESOURCES IN THE REGION
Authors: Zakharova Galina , Safiullin Il'nur , Amirova Elmira , Kovaleva Elvina , Khannanov Marat
Published: April 2023

The Republic of Tatarstan is a successfully and dynamically developing region of the Russian Federation, which has a huge economic potential, including human capital, and favorable conditions have been created for the development of entrepreneurship. To date, the republic fully meets the internal needs of the region for milk, meat, grain, sugar by more than 300%, and for vegetable oil, food security indicators exceed the normative values by more than 6 times. However, sanctions pressure from the US and Western countries, political and economic instability have a negative impact on agribusiness, both in Russia as a whole and in its individual regions. The agrarian sector of the economy has to solve large-scale problems associated with forcing the modernization of the industry, import substitution, which implies the availability of highly qualified personnel designed to ensure the implementation of the sustainable development strategy and increase the competitiveness of agricultural producers. An assessment of the provision of agricultural production with labor resources for 2016-2021 indicates a decrease in the number of people living in rural areas, decreased by 12.9 thousand people. due to the migration of the able-bodied population to cities and a decrease in natural growth. Today, the region’s agriculture is experiencing a shortage, both in industry specialists and workers in ordinary professions, and there is an aging of workers in the agricultural sector. Only a third of the graduates of agricultural universities are ready to return as young specialists to agriculture. Low wages, low prestige and unaesthetic labor in the industry, low provision of basic social benefits, and other factors depopularize agricultural labor and reduce its attractiveness. Despite this, the level of labor productivity tends to increase, which is due to the technical and technological modernization of the main branches of agriculture of the Republic of Tatarstan, the most complete use of the biological potential of crop varieties and livestock breeds, and the rational use of labor resources. At the same time, natural and climatic conditions remain the determining factor in the productivity of labor in crop production. Due to unfavorable natural conditions in 2021, the commodity producers of the republic received less than 37% of crop production. Wages in the agricultural sector remain one of the lowest compared to other sectors of the economy. Multivariate correlation-regression analysis showed that the level of labor productivity in the industry is largely determined by the labor supply of agricultural units.
STATEMENT OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING BY DEVELOPING A BUDGETING SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF FORMING THE FINANCIAL STRUCTURE OF A BUDGETARY INSTITUTION
Authors: Kostyukova Elena , Bobryshev Aleksey , Frolov Aleksandr , Zargaryan Nina , Klychova Guzaliya
Published: April 2023

The study was carried out with the aim of developing a budgeting system based on the formation of a financial management structure in a budgetary institution that promotes rational resource functioning, the achievement of established state goals and information objectivity. Based on a survey of specialists in the accounting and financial sphere of budgetary and commercial organizations, the demand was proved and it was established that the priority goals for the use of budgeting are the analysis of income and expenses (26.0% of respondents), detailed control and analysis of information on costs in the context of responsibility centers (23, 4 %). At the same time, specialists in the accounting department of a budgetary institution noted the control of financial resources as the most important goal, as well as the development of methods for encouraging employees based on the implementation of budget items (10.4% of respondents); for specialists in the accounting department of a commercial organization, detailed control and analysis of information on costs in the context of responsibility centers is significant (11.7% of respondents); for scientific workers - analysis of income and expenses (7.8%). The financial structure of organizations has been developed, which is represented by budgetary institutions and commercial enterprises, taking into account not only forms of ownership, but also the specifics of their activities. On the basis of the budgetary structure, a scheme of the consolidated budget of the institution in the divisional and functional aspect, as well as practical recommendations for the development of forms for each of the presented budgets, is proposed. The first step in budgeting is to draw up the structure of responsibility centers, that is, the differentiation of the enterprise into groups of departments with established goals. The second step is the definition of indicators for analyzing the effectiveness of responsibility centers. The application of the developed model will help in the formation of operational, relevant management decisions to achieve the mission of the institution. This tool makes it possible not only to reduce deviations from the state task, but also to achieve the established planned indicators of income-generating activities.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FERTILIZER ON YIELD AND QUALITY INDICATORS OF GRAPES AND WINE OF CHARDONAY VARIETY
Authors: Dergunov Aleksandr , Luk'yanov Aleksey
Published: April 2023

The research was carried out in order to study the effect of various foliar fertilizers on the productivity of grapes, the quality of the must and the taste characteristics of wine products. The work was carried out in 2019-2021 in Anapo-Taman climatic subzone of Krasnodar Territory. The scheme of the experiment included the following options: without fertilizers (spraying with water) - control; Gumel lux 0.1 kg/ha; Filloton 1.0 l/ha; Agrumax 1.5 l/ha. Spraying was carried out three times in the following phases: “loosening of inflorescences”, after the end of flowering and in the “growth of berries” phase. Objects of study: Chardonnay grapes, its must and wine material. The bushes were formed according to the two-armed Kazenava cordon system, the planting scheme was 3.0 m × 1.5 m. The soil of the experimental plot was soddy-calcareous, powerful, low-humus, light-clay granulometric composition, formed on tertiary saline clays. Fertility is below average. The supply of nitrate nitrogen and mobile phosphorus is low, and that of potassium is high. The treatment of Chardonnay grapes with the studied preparations had a different effect on its productivity and the technological qualities of the must. The highest yield was noted in the variants treated with Agrumax and Gumel Lux fertilizers - 9.83 and 9.50 kg/plant. The excess of their productivity over the control was statistically significant and amounted to 3.13 and 2.80 kg/plant, respectively, with an HSR05 of 2.7 kg/plant. The effect of the drug Filloton on the yield of grapes was much weaker and manifested itself only in the form of a trend. Treatment with organomineral fertilizer Gumel lux contributed to an increase in the sugar content of the juice by 10.4% and the preservation in the must of the acidity optimal for dry white wines - 7.0 g/dm3. Wine materials in the variants with the use of Phylloton and Gumel Lux fertilizers were the most extractive in the experiment, which was reflected in their taste qualities, which received estimates of 7.82 and 7.73 points, respectively. According to the ratio of yield/quality of wine material, foliar top dressing with Gumel Lux provided optimal results.
CLUSTER APPROACH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AGRIBUSINESS SUBJECTS
Authors: Mikhaylova Valerikovna
Published: April 2023

The number of small agricultural business entities includes agricultural enterprises of various organizational and legal forms (with the exception of state and municipal enterprises, dependent and subsidiaries and partnerships), as well as agricultural consumer cooperatives, peasant (farmer) households, and household households. At present, the small agricultural business of the Republic of Tatarstan is represented by over 470 thousand personal, about 3 thousand farms and more than 300 agricultural consumer cooperatives. Personal subsidiary farms use

1 499.3 thousand hectares of agricultural land, and private farms own more than 312 thousand hectares of arable land, or 9% of the area of the entire arable land of the republic. If we consider the share of small agribusiness entities in the structure of the region's economy, then almost half of the gross agricultural output falls on them. To improve the efficiency of small agribusiness, the further development of small enterprises is associated with their clustering. This article examines the advantages of the cluster approach in the activities of small agricultural businesses. The clustering of small agribusiness entities opens up more opportunities for expanded production. Small enterprises that are members of the agro-industrial cluster increase their competitiveness and position in the commodity market. Functioning within clusters can contribute to the production of goods, endowing them with other properties and, accordingly, conquering new market niches. The stable development of regions, economic growth in production in many areas of the agro-industrial complex in recent years create real prerequisites for the creation of local clusters. Compared to Russia, in developed countries, clusters have been created for decades and, importantly, they show real profitability, as well as the inclusion of organizations in such clusters contribute to the exchange of experience in doing business. For the further development of small businesses, it is necessary to use a cluster approach, the advantages of which are the expansion of sales markets for products, the full cycle of production of finished products, savings with large volumes of purchases.
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING: MODERNIZATION OF CURRENT PRODUCTION BY INTRODUCING A NEW MANUFACTURING PRODUCT
Authors: Ostaev Gamlet , Zlobina Oksana , Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Alsu , Nurieva Regina
Published: April 2023

In modern conditions of competition in business, management accounting is designed to quickly respond to new technological opportunities for expanding the range of products, including through modernization, the purchase of additional equipment and the production of products using waste from existing production. The purpose of the study is to develop a management solution for the development of new production on the existing raw material base (waste from existing production) through the timely application of management accounting tools (monitoring, business planning). An algorithm for the implementation of the project was determined by classifying the factors influencing the growth of production volume, product sales and improving its quality. The initial costs for the preparation and launch of a new production on the basis of the existing one will amount to 48.2 million rubles, the estimated annual profit from the production of liquid organic fertilizers is 264.6 million rubles. The main principles for the formation of favorable micro- and macroeconomic conditions in management accounting are proposed: monitoring studies of the internal and external environment, business planning. Their implementation will contribute to the adoption of managerial decisions on the introduction of new production by analyzing their own capabilities (resources) and attracting borrowed funds, taking into account the demand and places of sale of the manufactured product. It is proposed to combine the stages of commissioning a new production facility (construction and launch of a production complex for biohumus production, a complex for obtaining liquid organic fertilizer; construction and launch of a bottling and packaging line for liquid organic fertilizer) with the stages of implementing a product output project, which favorably affects efficiency.