bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MULTI-GOVERNANCE IN AN AGE OF ‘EDUCATIONAL TRANS-REGIONALISM’: REVISITING THE FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF CARICOM’S EDUCATIONAL PROJECT
Authors: Jules Tavis
Published: February 2025

The ascendancy of new governance has had a drastic impact on all levels of policy reforms. I apply regime theory to the modes of governance that drive the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) by illuminating how the changing role of governance, at the regional level, is impacting national educational developments. The primary purposes, structures, and processes of trans-regional governances, focusing on inter-sector spillover, are then studied to illuminate the role of non-economic spaces within CARICOM. This paper suggests that the non-economic pillar of Caribbean integration – functional cooperation – influences national educational systems by giving rise to what I call educational trans-regionalism: a multi-layered process of ‘networks’ and ‘interactions’ in which new institutions and mechanisms proliferate as they seek to coordinate, regulate, disseminate, and translate educational policy discourse from the regional governing panopticon.
NATIONAL IDENTITY IN EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION. THE BOLOGNA PROCESS IN THE WESTERN BALKANS
Authors: Jara Gómez Ana M.
Published: February 2025

The relationship between ‘uniformity’ and ‘diversity’ has been an important front in the debates about the processes of Europeanisation at the general level. This has happened in relation to the way in which the European Union has managed both unity and diversity. The particular dimensions of this management are often relevant, one of which directly affects the field of higher education. This article aims to address the identity politics of the Balkan region and their compatibility with European uniforming processes. This work discusses some of the significant difficulties presented by the Bologna Process and pays special attention to the voices that deal with this issue in the relevant Western Balkan countries. The results obtained from the analysis show the relevance of the ethical dimensions of knowledge as opposed to the mere pursuit of growth.
INTERCULTURAL CREATIVE LEARNING: NEW SPACES FOR NURTURING COMPASSIONATE GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP
Authors: Biddulph James
Published: February 2025

The University of Cambridge Primary School is the first University Training School in the United Kingdom. Designed to be bold, innovative, ambitious and inclusive, the school’s practice is an example of research informed practice to build the capacity among teachers to become research generating. The article guides the reader through reflexive moments in the lived experience of the school, its Headteacher (the author) and teachers and children. The emphasis on space making opens up opportunities to discuss the necessity of enabling spaces that foster listening, uncertainties and possibilities-thinking. A new project is introduced to show the innovations that arise from a culture in which releasing the imagination is vital.
The EXPERIENCES OF AN ENGAGED EDUCATOR IN THE PRACTICE OF EDUCATION AND GLOBAL DEMOCRACY
Authors: Gakunga Daniel Komo
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the practice of Education and Democracy as experienced by one engaged educator in South Sudan, Rwanda, and Kenya. The paper seeks to demonstrate the extent to which educators can practice or experience the benefits of global democracy as practiced in various countries. The author is a renowned scholar with over 30 years of teaching experience of which 17 years have been at the university level. The author has also engaged in a variety of academic research and participated in several national and international conferences where has shared his vast experience as an educator and researcher. However, this paper will seek to explore the understanding of the practice of education and global democracy by focusing mainly on the experience of the author on retraining of teachers in the Republic of South Sudan (2011) and academic staff exchange progamme organized by the Inter-University Council of East Africa (IUCEA) in Rwanda (2019). In order to demonstrate the experience of global democracy in education, the paper will demonstrate the comparative dimensions in the practice of global democracy. The experiences shared here are hoped to enrich the global debate on education and globalization which has been underpinned in global democracy.
PROYECTO ANTIGONE 2.0: COMPARTIR EXPERIENCIAS DE UN PROYECTO MEDITERRÁNEO
Authors: Eddakhch Malika , Karrami Jihad Fawzi
Published: February 2025

Este artículo informa del resumen del resultado de un proyecto de intercambio y cooperación internacional entre estudiantes y profesores pertenecientes a cinco países mediterráneos. El proyecto gira en torno a la Antígona de Sófocles. Esta pieza teatral se utiliza como cuadrado inicial para reflexionar sobre cuestiones, íntimamente relacionadas con la vida cotidiana de los jóvenes, y para crear un nuevo guion que retrate estas cuestiones proponiendo posibilidades de nuevos horizontes y nuevas soluciones. A través de la experiencia de teatro viviente, tanto los alumnos como los profesores consiguieron, aunque con algunas limitaciones, forjar un sentimiento de pertenencia a la región mediterránea compartida, al tiempo que refrescaron el mito de una contestación juvenil incrustada en la pieza teatral tradicional.
COMPETENCIA GLOBAL A LO LARGO DE LOS AÑOS Y SUS DESAFÍOS EDUCATIVOS HOY
Authors: GARCIA-BELTRAN EVA
Published: February 2025

Esta revisión examina la evolución del concepto de competencia global y cómo el sistema educativo del Bachillerato Internacional (IB) puede ayudar a desarrollar esta habilidad en los estudiantes. La competencia global ha evolucionado para incluir habilidades más amplias, conocimientos y actitudes esenciales para el éxito en un mundo globalizado. La misión del IB se refleja en su plan de estudios, que busca desarrollar jóvenes inquisitivos, informados y compasivos que estén motivados para fomentar un mundo más pacífico y respetuoso. La revisión explora los elementos principales del plan de estudios del IB que promueven la competencia global, así como las áreas temáticas enfatizadas. Finalmente, se considera el impacto del IB en la competencia global y su papel en preparar a los estudiantes para enfrentar los desafíos del siglo XXI y crear líderes capaces de navegar en un mundo cambiante. Se concluye que el IB puede ayudar a las escuelas a desarrollar la competencia global en los estudiantes, lo que les permitirá tener éxito en un mundo cada vez más interconectado.
LA EDUCACIÓN EN LAS POLÍTICAS DE INTEGRACIÓN DE LOS ESTADOS MIEMBROS DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA
Authors: Pérez-Varela Yolanda
Published: February 2025

La educación formal tiene un papel muy importante en el desarrollo personal y profesional, más si cabe en la vida de las personas migrantes que se enfrentan a diferentes desafíos en las sociedades de acogida. Las políticas de integración de los países trabajan esta área, pero, en ocasiones, no atienden a las necesidades educativas del alumnado migrante y/o lo hacen con un enfoque más asimicionalista que inclusivo. En esta línea, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal conocer el estado de las políticas de integración educativas en el contexto de la Unión Europea. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de contenido, eminentemente cualitativo, sobre los resultados obtenidos, por los países que conforman la UE27, en la quinta edición del Migrant Integration Policy Index sobre lo que respecta al área de educación. Los resultados revelan que, aunque se han producido mejoras en los últimos años en esta área, sigue siendo una de las más descuidadas en las políticas de integración de los países.
EDUCACIÓN SOCIAL ANTE LOS DISCURSOS DE ODIO: COMPETENCIAS INTERCULTURALES EN LA FORMACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA
Authors: Rebolledo Gámez Teresa , Rodríguez-Casado Rocío
Published: February 2025

La propagación de discursos de odio hacia las personas inmigrantes, de origen extranjero o pertenecientes a minorías étnicas son uno de los peligros más graves para la convivencia pacífica en la sociedad actual. Existe una gran preocupación sobre las consecuencias discriminatorias e incluso delictivas que generan la propagación de los discursos de odio. Las normas legales establecen cuándo se traspasa la línea que convierte estas expresiones en actos condenables como delito, si bien en el ámbito de las redes sociales y los medios de comunicación, a veces, encontramos límites difusos entre el derecho a la libertad de expresión y los discursos o delitos de odio. Es por ello que necesitamos profesionales educativos con competencias interculturales que dispongan de estrategias para combatir estas situaciones. A partir de una experiencia de innovación docente en el Grado en Educación Social, en este trabajo reflexionamos sobre distintos aspectos que deberían estar presente en la formación universitaria intercultural en el ámbito de los discursos y delitos de odio, concluyendo que sigue existiendo una necesidad acuciante de que los profesionales del ámbito socioeducativo estén preparados para abordar esta realidad.
EDUCACIÓN SUPRANACIONAL: ¿REALMENTE EXISTE? ANÁLISIS BIBLIOMÉTRICO DE LAS PUBLICACIONES RELATIVAS A POLÍTICAS EDUCATIVAS SUPRANACIONALES
Authors: Valle López Javier , Bastías Bastías Lady Sthefany
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCCIÓN. En la actualidad la intervención de los organismos internacionales ha trascendido la soberanía de los estado-nación particularmente en el área de Educación, espacio donde estos organismos siguieren temas que, con posterioridad, son considerados en la agendas de los países. Por ello, este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la producción científica que aborda el estudio de las políticas educativas supranacionales para demostrar que, en efecto, sí existe la Educación Supranacional. MÉTODO. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura indexada en las bases de dato Web of Science basada en el análisis bibliométrico sobre las Políticas Supranacionales en Educación. Del proceso de revisión se seleccionaron 115 documentos que forman parte de esta investigación. RESULTADOS. Los datos reflejan que la Educación Supranacional tuvo un incremento a partir del año 2015. También destaca que la productividad científica se da sobre todo en los países europeos, y que existen redes de académicos que investigan sobre este tema, pero que no existe relación entre ellos. DISCUSIÓN. La Política Supranacional ha ido avanzando como campo de estudio desde descripciones, hasta plantear desafíos. Sin embargo, hoy en día, existe una perspectiva crítica que plantea modificar metodologías y repensar cómo lo supranacional es capaz de rescatar las particularidades de los países.
IMAGINARIOS SOCIOTÉCNICOS EN EDUCACIÓN: INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL Y TRANSFORMACIÓN DIGITAL
Authors: Saura Geo , Lima Paula , Arguelho Mateus
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo analiza la configuración de los imaginarios sociotécnicos sobre la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y la transformación digital en la política educativa global. A través de una perspectiva crítica, se redefine la noción de imaginarios sociotécnicos convirtiéndola en una herramienta analítica de valor para estudiar la privatización digital de la educación en el contexto del capitalismo contemporáneo. A nivel metodológico, mediante un enfoque materialista, se analizan discursos sobre la IA y la transformación digital en los nuevos imaginarios sociotécnicos en educación de algunos de los principales actores políticos en la política educativa global. Para el análisis de los imaginarios sociotécnicos, se toma en consideración principalmente la relación dialéctica entre poder e ideología existente en la configuración de los discursos de algunos de los principales actores políticos que son centrales en el diseño y la proyección del futuro de la política educativa global. Los resultados permiten conceptualizar tres categorías distintivas de imaginarios sociotécnicos: globales, nacionales y mercantilistas. En las conclusiones se aportan elementos de valor para los análisis críticos en educación interesados en examinar los avances tecnocientíficos en IA y transformación digital en el capitalismo contemporáneo
DE LO MICRO A LO MACRO: EL LEGADO POLÍTICO DE LA EMERGENCIA SANITARIA EN LOS LICEOS DE URUGUAY
Authors: Mancebo María Ester , Gonzalez Vaillant Gabriela , Coitinho Virginia
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza el impacto político de la pandemia en la educación pública de secundaria en Uruguay en tres planos analíticos que interactúan y se determinan mutuamente: el de la macropolítica, que refiere al sistema educativo en su conjunto y presta particular atención a las respuestas de las autoridades ante la pandemia; el meso, definido como el espacio intermedio entre las políticas gubernamentales y las prácticas educativas de aula; y el micro, que corresponde al centro educativo y al espacio de clase. A nivel macropolítico, la pandemia alteró la estructura del gobierno educativo, reduciendo la autonomía de la ANEP y afectando la participación de los docentes en la toma de decisiones. La reforma curricular, impulsada por la nueva coalición de gobierno entrante, se vio postergada debido a la crisis sanitaria. En la mesopolítica, el Estado Docente se mantuvo firme en su compromiso con la educación de los estudiantes, aunque hubo tensiones en la centralización del sistema. Esto llevó a nuevas formas de coordinación entre las direcciones educativas y a experimentar mayor autonomía. En la micropolítica, los profesores se vieron desafiados por un entorno de enseñanza transformado por la pandemia, adaptándose con recursos limitados y colaborando con colegas para innovar en sus prácticas educativas.
Cost Analysis of a Scalable Clinician Communication Intervention to Increase HPV Vaccine Initiation
Authors: Seixas Brayan V. , Szilagyi Peter G. , Kominski Gerald F. , Humiston Sharon G. , Stephens-Shields Alisa J. , Localio Russell , Breck Abigail , Kelly Mary Kate , Grundmeier Robert W. , Albertin Christina S. , Shone Laura P. , Steffes Jennifer , Rand Cynthia M. , Hannan Chloe , Abney Dianna E. , McFarland Greta , Kadiyala Srikanth , Fiks Alexander G.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

For a previous longitudinal cluster randomized controlled trial (2018–2019), we randomized 48 primary care pediatric practices to online communication training vs usual care. Online communication training reduced missed opportunities (MOs) for initial human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination at well-child care (WCC) visits by 6.8 percentage points among children aged 11–17 years. The current study estimated implementation costs of the communication training intervention at WCC visits.

METHODS

We analyzed monthly surveys completed by intervention practice lead clinicians to track clinician plus office staff personnel hours devoted to implementing the intervention. We converted personnel time into 2019 US dollars using national median hourly wages for physicians and other health care workers; we tracked nonpersonnel costs. We calculated costs per practice (overall and by practice size) and estimated costs per averted MO for HPV vaccine initiation using an effectiveness estimate determined by grouped logistic regression at the practice level.

RESULTS

Practices varied from 1 to 24 clinicians (mean = 7.5) and from 241 to 8866 visits (mean = 2353) during the 6-month intervention. Total intervention costs varied substantially across the 24 intervention practices from $370 to $6653, with a mean of $2003 (95% CI, $1377-$2762) and median of $1305. The incremental cost per averted MO for HPV vaccine initiation at WCC visits averaged $110 ($212 in practices with 1 or 2 physicians and $94 in practices with 3 or more physicians).

CONCLUSIONS

The implementation cost per averted MO for HPV vaccine initiation at WCC visits of this online communication training intervention was modest, particularly among larger pediatric practices.
Review of LingQ as a PALL after one year of regular use
Authors: Rodríguez Pastor Cristina
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo realiza un análisis de LingQ, una plataforma online para el aprendizaje de lenguas creada en 2007 por el políglota Steve Kaufmann. Partiendo delmarco de CALL, se empleará un enfoque auto-etnográfico para examinar la experiencia de la autora con las plataformas y aplicaciones para el aprendizaje de lenguas (PALL) durante un año de estudio autónomo, aprendiendo francés a través de la plataforma. El estudio pretende demostrar la forma en que LingQ se alinea con los principios teóricos de algunas de las principales teorías del aprendizaje de lenguas que, en principio, puedenparecer incompatibles. El análisis mostrará cómo la plataforma apoya la inmersión de los aprendices en textos auténticos, proporcionando input comprensible acorde con sus intereses, al mismo tiempo que promueve la adquisición de vocabulario y gramática a través de la captación. Asimismo, se explorará cómo se vale del papel de la cultura como refuerzo de la motivación integradora.
EVALUATING THE NUCLEAR PROPERTIES OF 120–130Xe ISOTOPES
Authors: Kassim Yasir Y. , Alkhayat Rabee B. , Kassim Huda H. , Sharrad Fadhil I.
Published: February 2025

Positive-parity states of 120–130Xe isotopes were calculated based on the interacting boson model 1 (IBM-1), Semi-Experimental Formula (SEF), and New Empirical Equation (NEE). The calculated results are compared to experimental energy levels, specifically GS, β, and γ  bands, in addition to reduced B(E2) transition probabilities. IBM-1, SEF, and NEE accurately represent the comparable energy levels of the GS, γ, and β bands for 120–130Xe. However, IBM-1 exhibits greater  deviations at higher energy levels. The present  calculations replicate the experimental results of 120–130Xe. The potential energy surface (PES) is a nuclear property that determines the ultimate form of nuclei. PES plotting reveals that the 120–130Xe isotopes are  deformed and have a γ–unstable limit.
NUCLEAR STRUCTURE OF 182,184Hg ISOTOPES BY IBM-1 AND IBM-2 MODELS
Authors: Al Musawi Mahdi J. S. , Alkhayat Rabee B. , Kassim Huda H. , Elbndag Asmaa A. , Al-Jubbori Mushtaq A. , Hossain I. , Sharrad Fadhil I. , Aldahan N.
Published: February 2025

The potential energy surface (PES), reduced transition strength B(E2), and three types of bands (g-band, γ-band, and β-band) were computed for the 182Hg and 184Hg nuclei employing the IBM-1 and IBM-2 models. The computed energy levels of these nuclei exhibit certain points of agreement with the data that were previously measured. An examination of experimental data reveals that the precision of the calculations performed by IBM-1 is preferable to that of IBM-2, specifically with regard to low energy levels of ground and γ-states. On the contrary, IBM-2 calculations depict the higher states of ground and other states in comparison to IBM-1. The strengths of quadruple electromagnetic transitions in these nuclei were established by the IBM-1 and IBM-2 models and compared with prior measured data. The experimental value of B(E2) is reproduced by IBM-2 more accurately than IBM-1.  IBM-1 is used to analyze the potential energy surfaces (PES) of 182,184Hg nuclei, which exhibit SU(3)-O(6) dynamical symmetry.
BENEFICIOS Y RETOS DE LA INTEGRACIÓN DE LA NANOTECNOLOGÍA EN LA MEDICINA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Flores Ysac S. , Abarca Q’orianka S. , Aquije Yahaira P. , Flores Katheryn M. , Aroni Johathan , Capquequi Edgar H. , Peñaranda César A.
Published: February 2025

La medicina nanotecnológica ha propiciado progresos importantes, proporcionando soluciones revolucionarias para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades, aunque aún existen retos, como asegurar su seguridad y escalabilidad. Esta revisión metódica examina las últimas aplicaciones de la nanotecnología en la medicina personalizada, centrándose en su habilidad para elaborar tratamientos de acuerdo con las particularidades de cada individuo. Las nanopartículas se distinguen por  incrementar la exactitud en la administración de  medicamentos, disminuyendo los efectos adversos, particularmente en terapias para el cáncer. Adicionalmente, tecnologías tales como biosensores y dispositivos de imagen a nanoescala mejoran los diagnósticos, aumentando las oportunidades de éxito en el ámbito clínico. En el ámbito de la regeneración e ingeniería de tejidos, los nanomateriales, al replicar la matriz extracelular, promueven la regeneración celular y  la creación de órganos sintéticos. No obstante, todavía persisten preocupaciones respecto a la biocompatibilidad de estos materiales, dado que aún no se ha entendido completamente su interacción con los sistemas biológicos ni los posibles impactos en el futuro. La producción y supervisión de la calidad de los  nanomateriales son costosas y técnicamente complicadas, lo que obstaculiza su accesibilidad y  escalabilidad. Además, la ausencia de normativas  definidas demora la puesta en marcha de estas innovaciones. Esta revisión no solo aspira a reunir éxitos fundamentales, sino también a impulsar la propagación  del saber en América Latina, donde el acceso a datos científicos especializados es restringido, impactando a alumnos e investigadores. Con más estudios sobre interacciones biológicas y normalización de procesos, la nanotecnología podría establecerse como un instrumento de cambio en la medicina, mejorando los tratamientos y potenciando la salud pública en la región.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WITH NEURAL NETWORKS NOBEL PRIZES IN PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 2024
Authors: Mahecha-Gómez Jorge E.
Published: February 2025

John Joseph Hopfield began his career studying excitons in condensed matter physics, but his most important contributions were in the physics of computation and information, including his 1982 work on neural networks. Geoffrey Hinton, known as the “godfather” of artificial intelligence, laid the foundations for deep neural networks and developed the “backpropagation” method in 1986. These advances, along with Hopfield networks and the “Boltzmann machine”, constitute the beginning of artificial intelligence.
David Baker is a pioneer in the design and prediction of three-dimensional protein structures, while Demis Hassabis has applied artificial intelligence to neuroscience. John Michael Jumper has investigated the use of AI to simulate protein folding and dynamics.
Hopfield and Hinton received the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics, and Baker, Hassabis and Jumper received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, sparking debates on interdisciplinarity and academic degrees in the sciences.
Psilocybin mushroom stewardship: A qualitative inquiry into practices and priorities of “underground” psilocybin mushroom practitioners
Authors: Hughes Shannon , Terpak Lucia , Capps Reilly , Peters Pam , Lilly Nicole , Rivard Dylan
Published: February 2025

Background and Aims

Networks of so-called underground, or illegal, psilocybin mushroom practitioners are popularly known to exist, though few systematic investigations of their practices have been conducted. We sought to uncover the experiences of a hidden community of psilocybin practitioners in order to inform scientific and policy dialogues about safe and effective practices in this area.

Methods

An academic-community partnered research team used snowball sampling to recruit 17 underground psilocybin practitioners in a western U.S. state for in-depth individual interviews focused on training, protocols, practices, and policy priorities. Combined deductive and inductive analysis with three independent coders was completed using NVivo v12.

Results

Practitioners were white (76.5%), female-identified (64.7%), aged 31 to 50 (64.7%), non-therapists by training (58.8%), and moderately to highly experienced facilitators. All described multiple years of often difficult personal inner-directed work with psilocybin before guiding others. Benefits ranged from reduction in symptoms of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addictions to greater self-knowledge, reduced death anxiety, and a greater ability to experience joy. Client screening protocols revealed precautions for persons with severe trauma backgrounds, personality disorders, or lacking social support. Moving too quickly into a high dose mushroom session without adequate preparation or internal resourcing was perceived as a significant risk for harm. Practitioners' direct personal relationship with mushrooms was highlighted as critical to safe practice. Policy priorities centered on respectful reciprocity, defined as an ethos of giving back rather than extraction, and equitable access.

Conclusions

While some psychedelic research actively examines the role of the mystical-type experience in clients' positive outcomes, findings from underground practitioners suggest an even greater role of mysticism, relationality, and expanded concepts of holistic healing that can inform the development of best practice paradigms of an emerging profession.
Stress Distribution Analysis in Bone Adjacent to Implant in Various Abutment-Implant Connection Designs Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Ghasemi Ehsan , Fathi Amirhossein , Mohammadi Daryoush , Salehi Sepideh
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Natural teeth have a periodontal ligament with viscoelastic properties, while implants are connected to the bone with a strong connection and osseointegration; therefore, the stress on the adjacent bone of the implant and its prosthetic components is more than that of natural teeth. This study examines the connection (Morse different tapers) to find the most suitable length and Morse angle of the taper and the angle of applying the force on the tooth to create the least stress using finite element analysis.

Materials and methods: Geometrical and 3D models of the mandible bone, implant, and its prosthetic components were made using engineering software and sizes of the Dio implant manufacturer. In this modeling, four types of connections with different lengths and tipping angles were designed, and then a constant force of 200 N was applied to them. Stress distribution was investigated in this experiment in 12 different conditions: two Morse taper lengths (1.3 mm and 2.6 mm), two Morse taper angles (11 degrees and 16 degrees), and three force application angles (0 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees).

Results: By increasing the length of the Morse taper from 1.3 mm to 2.6 mm, the amount of stress in the bone adjacent to the implant and its prosthetic components is reduced. By increasing the tipping angle of the Morse taper from 11 degrees to 16 degrees, the amount of stress in the bone adjacent to the implant, the fixture, and the abutment decreases. Furthermore, by increasing the tipping angle of the morse from 11 degrees to 16 degrees the amount of stress in the implant screw increases. Increasing the angle of the force applied to the implant increases the amount of stress in the bone adjacent to the implant and its prosthetic components.

Conclusion: The best Morse taper connection to create the least stress on the bone surrounding the implant and its prosthetic components is a long taper Morse with a length of 2.6 mm and a greater tipping angle (16 degrees), This stress is less at the vertical force application angle.
RILEM TC 309-MCP: recommendation on terminology for mineral carbonation construction products
Authors: Snellings Ruben , Matschei Thomas
Published: February 2025

This recommendation is an outcome of the work carried out by RILEM Technical Committee 309-MCP “Mineral Carbonation for the Production of Construction Materials”. To facilitate exchange in the rapidly developing field of mineral carbonation for construction materials, technical terminology covering specific terms of common interest is proposed. This terminology was developed in an iterative feedback process within the technical committee.

The presented terminology is recommended for use in the field of mineral carbonation technology applied to the production of construction materials and products.
Qualitative Research for Activating the Transition Support Project: Focusing on Grounded Theory
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Lee Soo Young , Song Chang-keun
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of the transition support project for disabled workers excluded from the minimum wage at vocational rehabilitation facilities and to find out ways to activate the project. In order to explore the problems and ways to activate the transition support project, in-depth group interviews (FGI) were conducted with the Korea Employment Promotion Agency for the Disabled, which is in charge of the project promotion system, and those in charge of vocational rehabilitation facilities for the disabled. The results of the in-depth interview survey showed that not only did this project expand awareness of transition at vocational rehabilitation facilities, but it also had a positive effect of increasing the job-seeking desire of the subjects due to participation in the project. However, the fact that the project mainly utilized the infrastructure of the vocational rehabilitation facility itself, the characteristics of the project subjects as occupationally severely disabled people, and the lack of awareness of the need for transition caused difficulties in the transition support project along with factors such as lack of communication that could occur in the initial stage of the project. Based on the problems revealed in the in-depth interview results, the establishment of an improved transition support system was emphasized and ways to activate this project were suggested.
Correction of the effect of direct oral and parenteral anticoagulants in hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Baranich A.I. , Sychev A.A. , Savin I.A. , Kudrina V.G. , Kozlov A.V.
Published: February 2025

Background. Hemorrhagic stroke is associated with high risk of adverse outcome and follows intake of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in 25% of cases. The latest clinical guidelines of the Neurocritical Care Society for correction (reversal) of the effect of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in hemorrhagic stroke were published in 2016. Material and methods. In accordance with PRISMA recommendations, we reviewed the PubMed, eLibrary and UpToDate databases to a depth of 5 years and selected 48 articles. Results and discussion. Direct oral anticoagulants are currently common. To reverse their effect, one can use specific antidotes (idarucizumab is recommended for dabigatran, andexanet alfa (not yet registered In Russia) for factor Xa inhibitors (rivaroxaban, apixaban)) and combination of prothrombin complex concentrate and tranexamic acid. Protamine sulfate is antidote for unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins. Protamine sulfate completely inactivates unfractionated heparin, but it is less effective against low molecular weight heparin. It is characterized by high probability of anaphylactic reactions, especially after repeated administrations. The effectiveness of andexanet alpha and activated factor VII for reversing the effect of low molecular weight heparin is being studied. Fondaparinux sodium is used for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Protamine sulfate is ineffective for reversing the effect of fondaparinux. One can use prothrombin complex concentrate and andexanet alpha, but their effectiveness is unclear. Ciraparantag is being studied in clinical trials. Apparently, ciraparantag is highly effective as an antidote for various anticoagulants. Conclusion. Early hemostatic therapy and reversal of anticoagulant effects in patients with hemorrhagic stroke significantly reduce the risk of adverse outcomes. This problem is being studied. Regular literature review with creation of updated clinical guidelines is needed.
History of the Development of the Department of Neurosurgery of the Russian Medical Academy of Medical Sciences (to the 90th Anniversary of the Department of Neurosurgery)
Authors: Usachev D.Y. , Dreval O.N. , Lazarev V.A. , Baskov A.V. , Shaginyan G.G. , Tsuladze I.I. , Kuznetsov A.V. , Puchkov V.L. , Chekhonatsky V.A. , Mukhina O.V. , Lyubimaya K.V.
Published: February 2025

According to the order of April 15, 1935, the opening of the Department of Neurosurgery, the first head of which was Nikolai N. Burdenko, laid the foundation for the development of neurosurgical activity and training of neurosurgical personnel in the USSR within the walls of the Russian Medical Academy of Medical Sciences (TsIUV). N.N. Burdenko was an outstanding Soviet surgeon, one of the founders of neurosurgery, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1939) and the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1944-1946), Hero of Socialist Labor, honorary member of the British Royal Society of Surgeons and the Paris Academy of Surgery, Colonel General of Medical Service.
Augmented reality as a method of neuronavigation in microsurgical treatment of cerebrovascular diseases: description of the method and clinical experience
Authors: Konovalov A.N. , Okishev D.N. , Pilipenko Yu.V. , Eliava Sh.Sh. , Artemiev A.A. , Ivanov V.M. , Smirnov A.Yu. , Strelkov S.V.
Published: February 2025

Augmented reality (AR) is a promising area in microsurgical treatment of cerebrovascular pathologies that can significantly facilitate preoperative planning and intraoperative understanding of anatomy. Objective. To describe AR-assisted neuronavigation in microsurgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and cavernomas; to evaluate accuracy and applicability of AR-assisted neuronavigation. Material and methods. The study involved 22 patients with cerebral aneurysms, arteriovenous and cavernous malformations. Microsoft Hololens 2 HMD glasses and «Medgital» software for AR navigation were used. Accuracy of registration (TRE and FRE) and time for preoperative preparation were evaluated. Results. Mean TRE when using QR code was 0.6±0.2 cm, when combining through craniometric points — 1.4±0.6 cm. Time for preoperative image processing was 24.7±5.1 minutes, application setup in the operating theatre — 1.6±0.2 minutes. Combination using QR code provided higher accuracy of registration compared to craniometric points. AR-assisted navigation improved visualization and planning of surgeries for aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, microvascular anastomoses and cavernous angiomas. Conclusion. AR-assisted navigation is an innovative method with specific advantages that can potentially improve microsurgical treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and develop AR technology in neurosurgery.
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided neurolysis with local administration of betamethasone in the treatment of Morton’s neuroma
Authors: Plieva Z.Kh. , Razin M.A. , Fedyakov A.G. , Baskov A.V. , Gorozhanin A.V. , Kuznetsov A.V. , Mukhina O.V. , Batalova E.V.
Published: February 2025

Morton’s neuroma is one of the most common entrapment mononeuropathies of peripheral nerves. The main clinical manifestation is neuropathic pain syndrome in the foot. Currently, many methods of treatment are proposed. Despite the advantages of each method, the main disadvantages are low effectiveness, aggravation of symptoms due to scar-related complications, or relatively high incidence of complications following surgical invasion. Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous ultrasound-guided neurolysis with local administration of betamethasone in patients with Morton’s neuroma. Material and methods. The study included 14 female patients aged 24-56 years (mean 44.7±6.4). We analyzed VAS scores of pain syndrome (mean 7.1±1.1) and DN4 scores of neuropathic pain (mean 4.9±0.9). Ultrasound imaging was performed to estimate localization and volume of neuroma. Mean volume of neuroma was 226±142 mm3. Results. Mean follow-up was 12 months. In 12 out of 14 patients, there was a significant decrease in pain intensity to VAS score 1.1±0.6 and regression of neuropathic pain to DN4 score 0.5±0.5. In 2 cases, neuropathic pain recurred after 6 months with enlargement of neuromas (to 429 and 452 mm3). There were no complications in any patient. Conclusion. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided neurolysis of Morton’s neuroma with local administration of betamethasone is an effective and promising minimally invasive method. Selection criterion for this procedure may be small volume of neuroma. Further research is required to clarify the indications for this procedure.
Laparoscopic resection of neurogenic presacral tumors
Authors: Kubetsky Y.E. , Labzina E.E. , Kosimshoev M.A. , Kholtobin D.P. , Khalepa R.V. , Nabiev A.O. , Rzaev D.A.
Published: February 2025

Laparoscopic approach is common in pelvic tumor surgery. Several small samples of patients after laparoscopic resection of presacral neurogenic tumors were described. Safety and advantages of this intervention are interesting. Objective. To analyze clinical outcomes of laparoscopic resection of presacral neurogenic tumors. Material and methods. Eleven patients including 2 children aged 11 and 17 years underwent laparoscopic tumor resection between 2021 and 2024. We estimated tumor size and localization, surgery time, blood loss, complications, postoperative hospital-stay, histological diagnosis and continued growth or recurrence in the follow-up period. The median follow-up was 19.2 (3-36) months. Results. Tumor size ranged from 4 to 10 cm, mean surgery time — 153.6 min, blood loss — 356.4 ml. Postoperative complications developed in 7 patients, including acute urinary retention, neuropathic pain syndrome, hematomas and dynamic intestinal obstruction. Total resection was achieved in 8 (72.7%) patients, subtotal resection — 2 (18.2%), partial resection — 1 (9.1%) case. Tumors were predominantly neurogenic: 6 (54.5%) — sacral nerve schwannomas, 1 (9%) — NF1-related schwannomatosis, 1 (9%) — meningioma, 1 (9%) — ganglioneuroma, 1 (9%) — fibromyxoid sarcoma, 1 (9%) — solitary fibrous tumor. There were no recurrences, continued growth or recurrence of preoperative symptoms in the follow-up period. Conclusion. Laparoscopic resection of presacral neurogenic tumors is an effective surgical technique with good visualization of surgical field and possible gross total resection.
Neuroimaging predictors of favorable outcomes after shunting procedures in patients with Hakim—Adams syndrome: a pilot prospective randomized trial
Authors: Stanishevskiy A.V. , Gavrilov G.V. , Adleyba B.G. , Radkov M.N. , Svistov D.V. , Sukhinov I.D.
Published: February 2025

Higher effectiveness of cerebrospinal fluid shunting procedures is still an unresolved issue in the treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Thus, over 15% of patients do not experience symptom regression in postoperative period. In recent years, several MRI predictors have been actively investigated to forecast the outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid shunting procedures. We have previously introduced a prognostic model for comprehensive evaluation of MRI data facilitating identification of patients likely to benefit from surgical intervention. Objective. To evaluate diagnostic properties of MRI data comprehensive assessment model compared to traditional invasive diagnostic method (spinal tap test) in prospective randomized trial. Material and methods. MRI data and postoperative outcomes in patients diagnosed with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting between September 2022 and April 2024 were analyzed in prospective randomized study. In the study group, surgical decisions were based on MRI data, while the control group followed an algorithm incorporating invasive diagnostic method (spinal tap-test). Ventriculoperitoneal shunting with constant-pressure valve implantation was performed in all patients selected for surgery. Results. The study included 54 patients (25 ones in the study group and 29 ones in the control group). Surgery was performed in 21 and 20 patients, respectively. We found no advantages of invasive diagnostic methods over comprehensive assessment of MRI data in predicting the effectiveness of surgical treatment. Conclusion. Comprehensive assessment of MRI findings allows for avoiding invasive diagnostic procedures in decision-making on cerebrospinal fluid shunting surgery in some patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Continuous monitoring of somatosensory evoked potentials following spinothalamic tract stimulation in brainstem and spinal cord surgery: case report and literature review
Authors: Lapteva K.N. , Gavryushin A.V.
Published: February 2025

Background. The primary objective of neurosurgical intervention for central nervous system tumors is a balance between optimal tumor resection and minimal postoperative neurological impairment. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring is essential in safeguarding somatosensory tracts during surgery. Virtually the only tool for continuous monitoring of sensory pathways is registration of peripheral somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). However, this method has some limitations. Objective. To increase the quality of intraoperative SSEP monitoring in surgical treatment of brainstem and spinal cord tumors. Material and methods. To ensure continuous monitoring of sensory pathway function in brainstem and spinal cord surgery, we modified the method for monitoring of SSEPs. Unlike standard technique, we placed two-contact electrode for stimulation either in the area of the bottom of the fourth ventricle or on posterior surface of the spinal cord along the midline. This allows us to stimulate pontine tegmentum or posterior columns of spinal cord. Results. We demonstrated the feasibility of this method in 2 cases. Conclusion. The advantage of this method is possible brainstem or spinal cord stimulation reducing the chain of somatosensory tract that is valuable to neutralize the effect of anesthesia on significance of neurophysiological data.
Contesting a legendary legacy: A century of reflection on Raymond Dart and the Taung skull
Authors: Kuljian Christa
Published: February 2025

In 1925, Raymond Dart published his description of the Taung Child skull, which he named Australopithecus africanus, thereby making a pivotal contribution to the field of palaeoanthropology. While recognising Dart’s central role in the field, this paper reviews the historiography of two aspects of Dart’s legacy. First, this paper explores how, over time, Dart’s telling of the story of the Taung fossil obscured the role of geologist Robert Young and promoted the myth of ‘one man, one fossil’, rather than the reality that all scientific efforts reflect the work of a team. Then the paper shifts to review Dart’s belief in race typology, and his disturbing anthropological practices. These beliefs and practices were not questioned in the era of racial segregation and apartheid, and they carry painful legacies into the fields of anatomy, anthropology and palaeoanthropology. Dart’s legacy was upheld during his lifetime and was further protected for another 25 years after his death by Dart’s protégé and successor, Phillip Tobias. However, critical reflection on Dart’s legacy of scientific racism began in the 1990s and continues today. Dart’s important contribution to palaeoanthropology, the description of the Taung skull, continues to eclipse other more negative aspects of his legacy. This paper reviews scholarly writing on Dart’s overall career, confirms this legacy of scientific racism, and argues that it stands alongside his legendary legacy of the description of the Taung Child skull.
Unpacking the ‘explorer’ narrative and its impacts on African palaeoanthropology
Authors: Ackermann Rebecca R. , Molopyane Keneiloe , Athreya Sheela
Published: February 2025

The concepts of explorer, expedition, and the combination of the two into the myth of the explorer have been integral parts of Western mentality for more than 200 years. Here we briefly outline the colonial origins of these ideas, and use this crystallised understanding of the explorer myth to consider how African palaeoanthropology in the 20th century and up to the present continues to carry many of these biased, outdated overtones – some more overtly than others. We examine how Raymond Dart and the discovery of the Taung Child were situated and storied within this explorer narrative. We also expand on how these outdated concepts persist in determining which scientific approaches and outcomes are valued and which are not, which in turn has perpetuated extractive approaches to palaeoanthropology and the marginalisation of Indigenous scientists. This is especially notable in fieldwork practices which, to this day, embody the explorer myth’s deeply problematic colonial ideals of Western, masculine moral and cultural superiority. By understanding the mindset behind the discovery and reporting of Dart’s work on the Taung Child, we can better understand why it still holds such sway in palaeoanthropology today, and propose important practical and cultural disciplinary changes that will allow us to move beyond these colonial and masculine ideas in a manner that creates a more equitable future for all scholars.
Chemical Quality of Irrigation Waters in the Equus Beds Area, South-Central Kansas
Authors: Hathaway L.R. , Waugh T.C.
Published: February 2025

Wet-weather conditions in the Equus beds area during the scheduled sampling period in July 1979 limited sample collection to four irrigation wells. Water samples from an additional 41 irrigation wells were obtained in August 1979. The limited amount of pumpage of these systems prior to sampling in 1979 suggested the need for further sampling before evaluating the chemical quality of irrigation waters in the Equus beds region. In July 1980, water samples were obtained from 110 pumping irrigation wells and from tail-water pits associated with six of those wells.
Groundwaters from the portion of the study area north of the Little Arkansas River are predominately calcium-bicarbonate in character. Sodium-chloride-type waters are found locally in the Arkansas River Valley, and a gradation from these sodium-chloride waters toward the calcium-bicarbonate-type waters is noted for the region between the Arkansas and Little Arkansas rivers. Locally high chloride values within the Equus beds area reflect contamination of the fresh-water aquifer by natural processes or human activity.
Un Dios simple: Tomás de Aquino y su impacto en el catolicismo
Authors: León Lau Morthimer Adán
Published: February 2025

Una comprensión del teísmo clásico y la simplicidad divina contrasta la percepción de Dios en la Iglesia católica y la revelada en la Biblia. La discrepancia entre la asimilación de un Dios simple y lejano, planteada por Aquino, y el Dios revelado como cercano y activo en la Biblia suscita interrogantes sobre la coherencia entre la teología católica y la revelación bíblica. Se analizan los atributos de Dios en la teología de Aquino y en la Biblia, especialmente en Éxodo 33, para determinar su compatibilidad. Se observa claramente la influencia aristotélica en Aquino, así como la influencia de Aquino en la teología católica. Esto sugiere la necesidad de revisar las concepciones teológicas tradicionales a la luz de las Escrituras.