bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Didelio meistriškumo krepšininko fizinio išsivystymo, fizinio parengtumo, psichomotorikos ir kraujotakos rodiklių kaita per šešerius metus
Authors: Sakalauskas Šarūnas , Markevičius Vytautas
Published: May 2019

Lietuvos krepšininkai yra pasiekę daug gražių laimėjimų. Norint išlikti tarp pirmaujančių, prognozuoti jų sportinę ateitį, koreguoti treniruotės vyksmą, būtina kaupti duomenų bazę, tyrinėti puikių sportinių rezultatų pasiekusių krep-šininkų rodiklius ir lyginti su naujai tyrinėjamais. Tyrimo tikslas ⎯ ištirti didelio meistriškumo krepšininko, Europos, dukart Eurolygos čempiono  ir olimpinių žaidynių prizininko ﬁ zinio išsivystymo, ﬁ zinių galių ir funkcinio pajėgumo kaitą šešerių metų laikotarpiu.Krepšininkas, jam pradėjus profesionaliai sportuoti, buvo tiriamas nuo 17 iki 22 m. amžiaus ⎯ 2000 m. olimpinių žaidynių bronzos medalio laimėjimo. Nustatyti ﬁ zinio išsivystymo, ﬁ zinio parengtumo, funkcinio pajėgumo rodikliai, puikių sportinių rezultatų pasiekusio sportininko rengimosi ir parengtumo ypatumai. Per tyrimo laikotarpį krepšininko ﬁ zinio išsivystymo rodikliai smarkiai kito: kūno masė padidėjo 9,5 kg beveik vien dėl padidėjusios raumenų masės, riebalų masė kito mažai. Smarkiai padidėjo liemens raumenų jėga.Kraujotakos sistemos funkcijos pajėgumas yra labai didelis, tyrimų pabaigoje Rufjė indeksas siekė minus du vienetus. Tai rodo, kad krepšininko kraujotaka gerai adaptavosi prie taikomų ﬁ zinių krūvių.Nustatyta didelė ﬁ zinio parengtumo rodiklių pažanga. Šuolio į aukštį rodiklis padidėjo 26 cm ir siekė 80 cm. Toks šuolio aukštis patenka į pajėgiausiųjų pasaulio krepšininkų 90-ą procentilį.Vienkartinio raumenų susitraukimo galingumo ir anaerobinio alaktatinio raumenų galingumo tyrimai teikia patikimos informacijos apie trumpo darbo raumenų galingumą. Abiejų testų metu krepšininkas pasiekė geriausių rezultatų tyrimo pabaigoje. Šie rodikliai, lyginant su kitų šakų sportininkų (tarp jų ir krepšininkų), yra labai dideli.Judesių dažnis (kartai per 10 s) buvo labai didelis ir pagerėjo nuo 58 iki 85 k. / s tyrimų pabaigoje. Tai rodo gerą centrinės nervų sistemos paslankumą.Fizinis išsivystymas, ﬁzinė galia ir funkcinis pajėgumas rodo, kaip kito krepšininko rodikliai, kartu gerėjo  ir žaidi-mo kokybė. Remiantis tyrimų rezultatais buvo koreguojamas treniruotės vyksmas, o sukaupti duomenys galėtų būti modeliniai ir pasitarnauti ieškant naujų gabių krepšininkų.Raktažodžiai: fizinis išsivystymas, fizinės galios, kraujotakos sistema.
Different Approaches to the Concept of Collocation in English: Why Learn Collocations?
Authors: Danilevičienė Lina , Vaznonienė Roma
Published: May 2019

Research background. A collocation is a combination of two or more words that are commonly used together in English. Collocation is an indispensable element of any English text and no piece of natural spoken or written language is totally free of collocation. There exist different approaches to the concept of collocations in English. However, there is no exhaustive and uniform definition or categorization of it. Second language learners do not have many guidelines to follow considering the admissibility of collocation, thus collocations seem to be an insurmountable obstacle to the attainment of native like fluency and is one of error generating areas in general English and especially in EAP (English for Academic Purposes) and ESP (English for Special Purposes).Research aims were to analyze and systemize different theoretical approaches to the concept of collocation in English with reference to the data of scientific research as well as give the answer why collocations should be learned and taught at all levels of language proficiency and within different registers.Research method used – theoretical analysis of classical and modern research articles on collocation in English.Research  results.  Various  linguistic  schools  have  had  different  approaches  to  the  study  of  collocations. Acquisition  of  collocations  can  be  the  source  of  particular  difficulties  for  L2  leaners  in  attaining  native-level competence. Collocations should be taught from the very beginning at all levels of language proficiency .Discussion and conclusions. As a result of analysis and systemization of scientific data the following conclusions have been made:1. Collocation is a lexical co-occurrence of lexemes. In order a lexical combination could be called a collocation it should satisfy the criterion of frequency and grammatical structure;2. Lexis and grammar cannot be separated;3. Lexis is inseparable from semantics. 4.  Knowledge  of  collocations  can  help  develop  language  proficiency  in  such  areas  as  English  for  Specific Purposes (ESP) and English for Academic Purposes (EAP). Students’ motivation to learn collocations and make good use of them in their essays, research works and academic language should be increased.Keywords: collocational, co-occurrence, language acquisition, register.
Manifestation of Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviour in a Youth Girls Basketball Match
Authors: Šukys Saulius , Mankutė Goda
Published: May 2019

Research background and hypothesis. Examining behavior in a youth girls basketball match it was hypothesized that players and coaches’ behaviors would differ in relation with players’ age, course and the final outcome of the match.Research aim was to explore the manifestation of observed prosocial and antisocial behaviors in a youth girls basketball match.Research methods. Fourty games were observed: 20 matches by U15 and 20 matches by U17 age groups.Research results. Younger players more often argued with the referees (p = 0.03), used physical aggression (p = 0.04). In the second half of the game players more often quarreled with referees (p = 0.05), welcomed unsuccessful actions of the rivals (p = 0.03). When the difference in the final result of the game was low, players more argued with the referees (p = 0.001) and used physical aggression (p = 0.01). Coaches working with younger players showed disrespect to them more often (p = 0.001). Such behaviours were more often at the beginning of the game (p = 0.001) and when the difference in the final result of the game was low (p  = 0.04). Discussion and conclusions. Research did not confirm that younger basketball players more often demonstrated respect to referee’s decisions and opponents. Research confirmed that antisocial behaviors of players were more common in the second half of the match and when the difference in the final result was less. Research confirmed that coaches who worked with younger players demonstrated more antisocial behavior and that such behavior was more common when there was less difference in the results of the match.Keywords: basketball players and coaches’ behavior assessment, players’ age, course of the game, fnal outcome of the game.
Assessment of Emotional and Behaviour Disorders of Girls Living in Restricted Environment and Intervention Strategies Through Physical Activity
Authors: Rėklaitienė Diana , Gaižauskienė Aida , Ostasevičienė Vida , Požėrienė Jūratė
Published: May 2019

Background. Students with emotional and behavioural disorders (EBD) represent one of the most challenging groups not only to provide effective educational services, but often present complex challenges for schools, families, and society. There is a lack of information about concrete research-based interventions and practices which could be helpful for delinquent students with EBD to cope with problem behaviour more effectively. The aim of the study was to assess the emotional and behaviour disorders of girls living in socialization centres and to review intervention strategies for changing behaviour through physical activity. Methods. The study was conducted in two Children Socialization Centres where 50 girls aged 12 – 18 are housed following the decision of Child Welfare Commission. Behaviour Assessment System for Children (BASC-2), a Self-Report Personality Scale was used to find out emotional and behavioural disorders of girls. Results. Analysis of our study results reveals that the girls with delinquent behaviour living in CSC show the risk of having problems in school, high level of social stress, anxiety, sense of inadequacy, atypicality, attention problems, hyperactivity and lower levels of self-esteem, self-reliance, interpersonal relations. The results support the conclusions of other studies which found significant relations between EBD students and weak levels of social skills, self-esteem and self-efficacy, cooperation.Conclusion.  Sport  and  physical  activity  settings  are  effective  intervention  setting  for  creation,  practicing and maintenance of pro-social behaviour and emotion managing; furthermore those skills could be transferred to community settings in everyday life. The best education setting for EBD students could be provided in inclusive environment, where the positive behaviour skills could be copied and maintained.Keywords: emotional and behavioural disorders, intervention strategies, delinquent behaviour, restricted environment.
Environmental Influence on the Aggressiveness in Children with Schizophrenia
Authors: Sučylaitė Jūratė , Platakytė Jurgita
Published: May 2019

Background. This article analyzes aggressive behaviour of schizophrenic child and its characteristics. It examines what factors provoke aggressive behaviour, what activities are useful to strengthen their social adaptation. There are scientific articles with discussions about schizophrenic patients’ feelings, neurobiological activities, but it is a lack of concrete case analyses, helpful to understand psychological and social causes of schizophrenic patient aggressive behaviour, and to create methodical techniques how to work with these children having goal to reduce aggressive behaviour. The aim of this article is to explore psychosocial environmental impact on aggressiveness of children, suffering from schizophrenia. Methods. Qualitative research was selected, phenomenological observation and a short interview with children’s mothers and nurses were used for data collection, and the examination of the documents (drawings) was used, too. Data were summarized using qualitative content analysis, as well as grounded theory strategy. The study involved four school-age patients with schizophrenia. Recorded materials of observations and interviews were analyzed as the text. Results. Schizophrenic child has learned aggressive behaviour in the family; social rejection or sudden loss of warm emotional contact strengthened aggressiveness; aggressive actions occurred spontaneously and were directed to the imme diate surroundings; these actions were incomprehensible to people; emergence of noise provoked aggressive actions. Aggressive behaviour is associated with insecurity, low self-esteem, failure to understand the cause of aggressive behavior attacks reinforces alienation and hostility to the social world. Unconscious aggressiveness intensifes during its performance, so the behaviour is completely out of control; its consequences are related to the personality’s social devaluation. All these things are experienced as an access to the catastrophe from which the man cannot be saved, so the children focus on the crumbling world and inadequate attempts to escape, provoking conﬂicts. Quiet environment and drawing strengthens the self-esteem of individuals and calms. Conclusion. Personalized, targeted organization of leisure, responding to the interests of children with schizophrenia, creates the psychosocial environment, where the child’s safety increases, and aggressive behaviour trend reduces.Keywords: children with schizophrenia, aggressive behaviour, psychosocial environment, drawing.
Physiotherapy and Electrical Stimulation Effects on Strength of M. Quadriceps, Knee Range of Motion and Pain in Patients Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Operation
Authors: Marčiulionytė Justina , Škikas Justinas , Sipavičienė Saulė
Published: May 2019

Background. Research aim was to analyze the quadriceps muscle strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using electrical stimulation and physical therapy. Methods. There were two randomly selected groups, with eight people in each group. The selection criteria were that the subjects had to have anterior cruciate ligament operation six weeks prior and were very active physically. One group was for research (study group), the other one for reference (control group). The study group had electrical stimulation combined with physical therapy exercises two times a week, for 45 minutes. The control group had exercises to strengthen the quadriceps muscle also two times a week, for 45 minutes. Both groups were tested before and after the research. The things evaluated during the test were – visual pain scale (VAS) scores, quadriceps muscle strength during extension and ﬂexion using (R. Lovett) scoring system and goniometry showing degrees of extension and ﬂexion. Results. Comparing both study and control groups, there was statistically signifcant improvement (p < 0.05), however the study group recovered faster and had statistically greater benefts. Conclusions. After 6 weeks of physiotherapy, the range of motion, quadriceps muscle strength increased and pain decreased in the operated leg. 1. After 6 weeks of physiotherapy and electrical stimulation, the range of motion, quadriceps muscle strength increased and pain decreased in the operated leg. 2. After 6 weeks of physiotherapy and electrical stimulation, the range of motion, quadriceps muscle strength, pain in the operated leg changed more in the study group than in subjects who received only physical therapy.Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament, electrical stimulation, quadriceps muscle, ligament reconstruction, muscle strength.
Connection between Static and Dynamic Balance during Dual Task Performance
Authors: Drozdova-Statkevičienė Margarita , Nemeravičiūtė Alina , Česnaitienė Vida Janina
Published: May 2019

Research background. There are up to 60 percent of community dwelling elderly people which experience falls due to cognitive impairment. It also aﬀects the motor function, especially the balance control. In everyday life, it is often necessary to perform several motor and cognitive tasks at the same time, therefore, the relationship between the risk of falling and cognitive function is very close. A very noticeable change in cognitive function can lead to inappropriate decision making, attention disturbances, which can increase the risk of falls. The aim of the research. To assess the interaction between community dwelling elderly people balance control and cognitive functions. Methods. The evaluation of static balance using “Kistler” platform, the evaluation of dynamic balance with the “Timed Up & Go” test, dual task method. Results. The results showed that the maintenance of static balance deteriorated while performing a cognitive task at the same time in community dwelling people. Dynamic balance control also deteriorated in elderly people while performing a cognitive task, and the subjects went slower 3 meters under such conditions. A cognitive task signifcantly prolonged “Timed Up & Go” test results of dynamic balance. A signifcant interaction between static and dynamic balance control was found while performing a cognitive task. Conclusions. 1) static balance control of the community dwelling elderly people statistically signifcantly deteriorated while performing cognitive task, without visual feedback and also in romberg’s standing position; 2) dynamic balance control of the community dwelling elderly people statistically signifcantly deteriorated while performing cognitive task; 3) a statistically signifcant direct relation was found between static and dynamic balance behaviour while performing a cognitive task in both cases, the balance control is deteriorating.Keywords: balance control, older age, static balance, dynamic balance.
The Influence of Long-Term Use Of High-Heeled Shoes for Women`s Posture and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength
Authors: Lašaitė Birutė , Dudonienė Vilma
Published: May 2019

Background. Wearing high-heeled shoes can cause posture distortions: the head position is tilted forward, increased lordosis of the lumbar spine anterior pelvic tilt, knees ﬂexed with some knee ‘varus’, hyper-supination of the foot (Pannell, 2012). These changes cause muscle imbalance: abdominal core muscles, upper back erectors spinae get elongated and weakened, gluteal muscles are weakened. Hamstrings get slightly elongated but are not necessarily weakened. Hip ﬂexors and lower back muscles get shortened and strengthened. Soleus and gastrocnemius muscles get shortened and strengthened. Aim of the study was to determine the long-term effect of wearing high-heeled shoes on women’s leg muscles and posture. Methods. Twenty nine women took part in the study. They were divided into two groups: those who met the research criteria and wore high heeled shoes and those, who did not. We used a questionnaire to assign participants to one of the research groups, and measured muscle strength using a hand-held dynamometer, we measured pressure distribution in a specifc foot area using a “Matscan” mat and evaluated posture according W. K. Hoeger’s method. Results. Strength of only three muscle groups differed between women wearing and not wearing high heels, muscle strength of thigh ﬂexors, shin erector and feet plantar ﬂexors in women regularly wearing high heels were greater compared to women that did not wear high heels. Measurements of static feet load distribution showed that in women wearing high-heeled shoes, 71.01% of weight went on heels and only 28.98% ‒ on toes and forefoot, while in women not wearing high heels weight was distributed equally ‒ 49.28% goes on heels and 50.72% on toes and forefeet. Study results showed that 41.3% of women regularly wearing high-heeled shoes had excellent posture, while 45.7% of women not wearing high-heeled shoes had excellent posture. Conclusions. Muscle strength of thigh ﬂexors, shin erector and feet plantar ﬂexors in women regularly wearing high heels was greater compared to women that did not wear high heels. Feet static support centre in women, who regularly wore high heeled shoes was distributed towards the heel while feet static support centre in women not wearing high heels was distributed equally along the foot. There were no signifcant differences evaluating posture in women wearing and not wearing high heels. The most common posture problems in women regularly wearing high-heeled shoes were: knees in varus position, head and abdomen in protraction, and increased lumbar lordosis.Keywords: high-heeled shoes, posture, muscle strength.
Cognitive and Movement Functional Change for a Patient with Huntington`s Disease Using a Video Exercise Program at Home
Authors: Kriščiūnaitė Raminta , Lendraitienė Eglė
Published: May 2019

Background. Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative, progressive central nervous system disease. Physiotherapy can aﬀect the course of the disease, so it is important to determine the eﬀects of physical exercises on the movement and cognitive function. Aim of the study was to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of video exercise program at home, applied simultaneously and separately to physiotherapy, to the cognitive and motor function of a patient with HD. Methods. A 39-year-old man with HD was studied. Firstly, the patient performed a video exercise program at home. Then he did the same and participated in individual physiotherapy. The risk of falls was assessed using the “Timed up and go test”, balance was assessed using the “Berg Balance Assessment Scale” and the “Biodex” system, the gait was assessed using the “Zebris” system, cognitive functions was assessed using the “Mini-mental state examination test” and motor function was assessed using “Unifed Huntington‘s disease rating scale”. Results. After applying the video home exercise program, the risk of falls was reduced, the patient’s balance improved, posture stability, the length and width of the step have increased. The use of video home exercise program with physiotherapy signifcantly improved cognitive function. Conclusions. A structured exercise program at home is eﬀective for balancing, improving posture stability, improving step length, width, decreasing the risk of falls, and it combined with individual physiotherapy, eﬀectively improves the cognitive function of HD patient.Keywords: Huntington’s disease, video exercise program at home, cognitive and movement functions.
Evaluation of Cognitive Dysfunction, Functional Independence and Depression Severity Changes during Rehabilitation in Patients after Cerebral Stroke
Authors: Mankė Gintarė , Varžaitytė Lina , Berkutė Aistė , Karkauskienė Erika
Published: May 2019

Research background. Cognitive impairment and depression are frequent residual consequences of stroke. They have a large impact on the quality of life and long-term prognosis. The aim is to estimate changes of cognitive dysfunction, functional independence and depression severity before and after rehabilitation in patients after cerebral stroke. Methods. We used Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to estimate cognitive dysfunction, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) – motor and cognitive functions, Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) – depression severity. Results. There were 14 research participants from Neurorehabilitation department in Hospital of LUHS Kauno klinikos who met with criteria for inclusion and were not included by criteria for exclusion. Before rehabilitation the meanscore of MMSE – 19.93 – mild cognitive dysfunction, the mean score of FIM – 57.71 – medium supervision needed, the mean score of MADRS – 17.71 – mild depression. After rehabilitation the mean score of MMSE – 23.86 – mild cognitive dysfunction, the mean score of FIM – 92.07 – supervision needed, the mean score of MADRS – 10.50 – mild depression. We determined that six women had medium cognitive dysfunction while men did not have it. Conclusions. Cognitive function after rehabilitation signifcantly got better but mild cognitive dysfunction remained. Functional independence improved after rehabilitation and most patients only needed supervision. Mild depression remained after rehabilitation but the score signifcantly reduced. Females had more severe cognitive dysfunctions.Keywords: cerebral stroke, post-stroke depression, cognitive dysfunction, functional independency.
Effect of Sacroiliac Joint Mobilization on Lumbar Pain and Function in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Authors: Jarulaitis Justinas , Lapinskas Edgaras
Published: May 2019

Research background. About 30% of lumbar pain is caused by sacroiliac joint disfunction (Alayat et al., 2017). The problem often becomes chronic lower back pain of about 10–23% of people around the world (Diaz-Cerrillo et al., 2017). As a result, the lumbar function and muscle endurance decrease. Research aim was to investigate sacroiliac joint mobilization eﬀect of lumbar pain and function on patients with chronic non-specifc lumbar pain. Methods. Twenty people who felt chronic non-specifc lumbar pain and had sacroiliac joint disfunction were investigated in this research. Research methods were VAS pain scale, Measurement of lumbar range of motion and Lumbar muscle stamina tests. Results. The results of the study showed that pain decreased in the study group from score 3.31 ± 0.56 to 1.38 ± 0.39 (p < 0.05). The torso muscle dynamics and isometric endurance and torso amplitude improved (p < 0.05), comparing values before and after treatment. In the control group, the pain after treatment decreased from score 3.02 ± 0.23 to 1.27 ± 0.36 (p < 0.05). The torso muscle dynamics and isometric endurance and torso amplitude improved (p < 0.05), comparing values before and after treatment. Conclusion. The spinal stabilization exercises together with sacroiliac joint mobilization are a more eﬀective treatment than spinal stabilization exercises alone. In addition to this, average pain level decreased, function of lumbar part of spine as well as lumbar muscle stamina increased.Keywords: sacroiliac joint mobilization, chronic non-specifc lumbar pain, functional lumbar indicators.
Effect of Temporomandibular Joint Mobilization on Neck Pain and Function in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain
Authors: Lapinskas Edgaras , Stirbytė Janina
Published: May 2019

Background. Neck pain is a common problem, and it includes 30% of 25–29 year olds. The percentage of people over 45 years of age has risen to 50% (Knight and Draper, 2012). Long-term muscle imbalance disrupts body biomechanics. Due to long-lasting pain, the quality of work may decrease, rest can get worse, and mood may change. Purpose. To determine the eﬀect of temporomandibular joint mobilization for neck pain and function in patients who suﬀer chronic non-specifc neck pain. Methods. The study involved six people with non-specifc chronic neck pain, who were divided into two groups: exercises, and the second group – exercises and mobilization of temporomandibular joint. At the beginning and end of the study, we performed the following tests: deep neck ﬂexor endurance test, visual analogue scale (VAS), goniometry, the amplitude of the temporomandibular joint. Results. In the group of exercises, the pain score after treatment decreased (before – 67 ± 28, after – 14 ± 16.5) the strength and endurance of the deep neck ﬂexor muscle improved (before – 13.7 ± 2.5 s, after – 28.7 ± 6.4 s). The amplitude of all neck movements was improved (p < 0.05), comparing them before and after physiotherapy. The amplitude of the temporomandibular joint improved the movement characteristics: depression, lateral excursions to left and right, protrusion (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Comparing the results after applying diﬀerent methods of physiotherapy, intensity of pain and neck function parameters did not show significant diﬀerences.Keywords: temporomandibular joint, nonspecifc neck pain, mobilization.
Balance and Core Stabilization Training with Eyes Open Versus Eyes Closed in Young Football Players
Authors: Obertinca Rilind , Dudonienė Vilma , Požerienė Jūratė
Published: May 2019

Background. Core stability (or core strengthening) has become a well-known fitness trend that has started transcending into sports medicine. It has become a common practice to incorporate balance tasks into the training program for athletes who want to improve performance and prevent injuries. Hypothesis. We suggest that core stabilization and balance training with closed eyes will be more effective than training with open eyes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of core stabilization training with open eyes versus closed eyes on balance and stability of young football players. Methods. Fourteen healthy young football players aged 10–12 years were assessed for pre and post core stabilization training using two balance tests: Stork Balance Test (SBT) and Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), and one test for core stability ‒ McGill Core Stability Test (MCST). The intervention included twelve twenty-minute training sessions each of them involved six core strengthening exercises. One group performed exercises with open eyes, and another with eyes closed. Results. Core stability exercises with eyes closed as well as the same exercise done with eyes open insignificantly improved dynamic balance and core stability, but significantly improved the static balance of the subjects. Conclusion. After applying training with closed eyes as well as eyes open, core stability and balance of young football players increased insignificantly. There were no significant differences in core stability and balance training between training with eyes open and eyes closed.Keywords: core stabilization training, balance, open eyes, closed eyes.
A Política Pública de Educação Integral no Estado de Pernambuco
Authors: Da Silva Valter Ramos , Ribeiro Rodrigues Luiz Alberto
Published: May 2019

Recebido:  14/07/2018Aprovado:  12/10/2018Publicado: 10/12/2018Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo as políticas públicas educacionais e, como objetivo analisar como estas vêm sendo efetivadas por parte da Secretaria de Educação e Esportes (SEE) do estado de Pernambuco, no enfrentamento dos baixos resultados alcançados pelas escolas públicas do Ensino Médio no IDEPE (índice de desenvolvimento da Educação em Pernambuco) antes da implantação da educação de tempo integral. Apresentamos um estudo do surgimento das políticas públicas no Brasil, seus campos de atuação e seu processo de construção. A partir da apropriação de tais conceitos e da observação empírica verificou-se que a política pública da educação integral, atuante recentemente no estado de Pernambuco, veio impactar de forma positiva a realidade anteriormente vivida pelas escolas públicas de Ensino Médio, elevando os seus resultados nas avaliações externas e investindo na formação integral do estudante. Palavras-chave: Políticas públicas. Educação integral. Ensino Médio.
SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UYGULAMA SORUNLARI
Authors: KARAKURT Nurgül , BAYRAKÇEKEN Esra , USLU Seval , GEZER Arzu
Published: May 2019

Tanımlayıcı türde olan bu çalışma Mart-Nisan 2018 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusunda bulunan bir ildeki üniversitenin sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulundan 187 öğrenci katılımı ile gerçekleşmiştir. Öğrencilerin %43.8’ i ise uygulamaları akademisyen hoca ile gerçekleştiremediklerini, %21.5 i kendi görevinin dışında kullanıldığını ifade etmişlerdir. Öğrencilerin %58.3’ ü çalışanların uygulama becerilerini öğrenmelerinde destek olduklarını belirtmiştir.  Öğrencilerin %54.5’ i formalarını değiştirmek için bir oda bulmalarına rağmen ilk ve acil yardım programı öğrencilerinin %42.6’ sı bir oda bulamadıklarını ifade etmiştir (p<0.05). Araştırmaya katılanların %57.2’ si uygulama yerinde eşyalarını bırakabilmek için yer bulabilmektedir. Fakat Ameliyathane Hizmetleri öğrencilerinin %41.7’ si eşyalarını bırakabilmek için yer bulamamaktadır (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin çoğu %49.2’ si öğle yemeklerinin uygulama birimi tarafından karşılandığını söylemesine rağmen İlk ve Acil Yardım programı öğrencilerinin %36.8’ i bunun tam tersini ifade etmiştir (p<0.05). Çalışma grubunun %48.6’ sı uygulamada kişi başına yeterli uygulama becerisi düştüğünü söylerken İlk ve Acil Yardım programı öğrencilerinin %44.1’lik kısmı yeterli uygulama becerisi düşmediğini söylemiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak klinik uygulamalar sırasında öğrencilerin yanında, çoğunlukla servis hemşirelerinin ve arkadaşlarının olduğu, okulda alınan teorik bilgilerin kliniklerde uygulanabildiğini, uygulama hocalarının uygulama sorunlarını çözebildiğini ancak uygulamaları çoğunlukla hocalarıyla gerçekleştiremediklerini, bazılarının görevi dışında kullanıldığı ve sorunların bölümlere göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
İNFERTİL ÇİFTLERDE SPERM GENOMİK STABİLİTESİNİN BELİRLENMESİNDE DNA FRAGMANTASYONU ANALİZ YÖNTEMLERİ
Authors: YÜKSEL Şengül
Published: May 2019

Çevresel stres, gen mutasyonları ve kromozomal anormalliklerin tamamı, spermatogenez sırasındaki tüm aşamaları etkileyebilir, bu da sonuçta, infertiliteye sebep olan anormal kromatin yapısına yol açabilir. DNA hasarlı sperm taşıyan kişilerde tüp bebek başarısızlığı da tekrarlayan gebelik kaybı da sık görülmektedir. Ayrıca, DNA fragmantasyon bozukluğu olan spermle döllenmiş olan yumurtalardan oluşan embriyolar gebelik dönemini sorunsuz atlatmış olsa bile, teorik olarak konjenital malformasyonlar ve çocukluk çağı kanserleri gelişimi açısından risk altındadır. Bu nedenle yardımcı üreme teknikleri uygulanırken tedavi öncesi sperm DNA fragmantasyon testi uygulanması ve en iyi hücrelerin seçilmesi hayati önem taşımaktadır. Günümüzde kullanılan çok farklı sperm DNA hasarı belirleme yöntemleri mevcuttur. Bu derlemenin amacı sperm DNA’sında oluşan hasar ve fragmantasyonları test etmek için geliştirilen yöntemlerin klinik kullanımdaki yerleri ile birlikte değerlendirmektir.
Feasibility of Determination of Foodborne Microbe Contamination of Fresh-Cut Shredded Cabbage Using SW-NIR
Authors: Matulaprungsan Benjamaporn , Wongs-Aree Chalermchai , Penchaiya Pathompong , Maniwara Phonkrit , Kanlayanarat Sirichai , Ohashi Shintaroh , Nakano Kazuhiro
Published: May 2019

Shredded cabbage is widely used in much ready-to-eat food. Therefore, rapid methods for detecting and monitoring the contamination of foodborne microbes is essential. Short wavelength near infrared (SW-NIR) spectroscopy was applied on two types of solutions, a drained solution from the outer surface of the shredded cabbage (SC) and a ground solution of shredded cabbage (GC) which were inoculated with a mixture of two bacterial suspensions, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. NIR spectra of around 700 to 1100 nm were collected from the samples after 0, 4, and 8 h at 37 °C incubation, along with the growth of total bacteria, E. coli and S. typhimurium. The raw spectra were obtained from both sample types, clearly separated with the increase of incubation time. The first derivative, a Savitzky–Golay pretreatment, was applied on the GC spectra, while the second derivative was applied on the SC spectra before developing the calibration equation, using partial least squares regression (PLS). The obtained correlation (r) of the SC spectra was higher than the GC spectra, while the standard error of cross-validation (SECV) was lower. The ratio of prediction of deviation (RPD) of the SC spectra was higher than the GC spectra, especially in total bacteria, quite normal for the E. coli but relatively low for the S. typhimurium. The prediction results of microbial spoilage were more reliable on the SC than on the GC spectra. Total bacterial detection was best for quantitative measurement, as E. coli contamination could only be distinguished between high and low values. Conversely, S. typhimurium predictions were not optimal for either sample type. The SW-NIR shows the feasibility for detecting the existence of microbes in the solution obtained from SC, but for a more specific application for discrimination or quantitation is needed, proving further research in still required.
Role of Gender in Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Rafikov Ruslan , James Joel , McClain Nolan , Tofovic Stevan P. , Rafikova Olga
Published: May 2019

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the diseases with a well-established gender dimorphism. The prevalence of PAH is increased in females with a ratio of 4:1, while poor survival prognosis is associated with the male gender. Nevertheless, the specific contribution of gender in disease development and progression is unclear due to the complex nature of the PAH. Oxidative and nitrosative stresses are important contributors in PAH pathogenesis; however, the role of gender in redox homeostasis has been understudied. This review is aimed to overview the possible sex-specific mechanisms responsible for the regulation of the balance between oxidants and antioxidants in relation to PAH pathobiology.
The Non-Essential Amino Acid Cysteine Becomes Essential for Tumor Proliferation and Survival
Authors: Combs Joseph A. , DeNicola Gina M.
Published: May 2019

The non-essential amino acid cysteine is used within cells for multiple processes that rely on the chemistry of its thiol group. Under physiological conditions, many non-transformed tissues rely on glutathione, circulating cysteine, and the de novo cysteine synthesis (transsulfuration) pathway as sources of intracellular cysteine to support cellular processes. In contrast, many cancers require exogeneous cystine for proliferation and viability. Herein, we review how the cystine transporter, xCT, and exogenous cystine fuel cancer cell proliferation and the mechanisms that regulate xCT expression and activity. Further, we discuss the potential contribution of additional sources of cysteine to the cysteine pool and what is known about the essentiality of these processes in cancer cells. Finally, we discuss whether cyst(e)ine dependency and associated metabolic alterations represent therapeutically targetable metabolic vulnerabilities.
Epidermal Endocannabinoid System (EES) and its Cosmetic Application
Authors: Jeong Sekyoo , Kim Min , Lee Sin , Park Byeong
Published: May 2019

Recently, cannabis, or its major constituent cannabidiol (CBD), has emerged as an attractive cosmetic ingredient. Initiated as a basic investigation of the physiological roles of cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands, endocannabinoids’ diverse potential benefits have been proposed for using cannabinoid receptor modulating compounds in skin health. Improvement in skin barrier functions, alleviating inflammatory responses, and the relief of itching sensations are some commonly expected therapeutic benefits, which have been supported by many in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. While hemp seed oils or hemp extracts might be used for the cosmetic formulation, the potential for contamination with a psychoactive cannabinoid, such as 9-THC, should be carefully checked. Instead of using hemp-derived ingredients, the use of cannabinomimetics, synthetic ligands on cannabinoid receptors, or entourage compounds (which modulate intracellular synthesis and the degradation of endocannabinoids), have been tried. In this review, a brief introduction of the epidermal endocannabinoid system (EES) and its physiological roles will be followed by a review of the cosmetic and dermatologic application of cannabinomimetics and entourage compounds. The practical application of newly developed endocannabinomimetics will be discussed as well.
Integrating Signals from Sperm Methylome Analysis and Genome-Wide Association Study for a Better Understanding of Male Fertility in Cattle
Authors: Fang Lingzhao , Zhou Yang , Liu Shuli , Jiang Jicai , Bickhart Derek M. , Null Daniel J. , Li Bingjie , Schroeder Steven G. , Rosen Benjamin D. , Cole John B. , Van Tassell Curtis P. , Ma Li , Liu George E.
Published: May 2019

Decreased male fertility is a big concern in both human society and the livestock industry. Sperm DNA methylation is commonly believed to be associated with male fertility. However, due to the lack of accurate male fertility records (i.e., limited mating times), few studies have investigated the comprehensive impacts of sperm DNA methylation on male fertility in mammals. In this study, we generated 10 sperm DNA methylomes and performed a preliminary correlation analysis between signals from sperm DNA methylation and signals from large-scale (n = 27,214) genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 35 complex traits (including 12 male fertility-related traits). We detected genomic regions, which experienced DNA methylation alterations in sperm and were associated with aging and extreme fertility phenotypes (e.g., sire-conception rate or SCR). In dynamic hypomethylated regions (HMRs) and partially methylated domains (PMDs), we found genes (e.g., HOX gene clusters and microRNAs) that were involved in the embryonic development. We demonstrated that genomic regions, which gained rather than lost methylations during aging, and in animals with low SCR were significantly and selectively enriched for GWAS signals of male fertility traits. Our study discovered 16 genes as the potential candidate markers for male fertility, including SAMD5 and PDE5A. Collectively, this initial effort supported a hypothesis that sperm DNA methylation may contribute to male fertility in cattle and revealed the usefulness of functional annotations in enhancing biological interpretation and genomic prediction for complex traits and diseases.
Religion, Food Choices, and Demand Seasonality: Evidence from the Ethiopian Milk Market
Authors: D’Haene Eline , Desiere Sam , D’Haese Marijke , Verbeke Wim , Schoors Koen
Published: May 2019

The impact of religious behavior on food systems in developing economies has been understated in scholarly studies. With its different Christian, Islamic, and traditional faiths, Ethiopia emerges as a suitable country to investigate the impact of religious practices on demand. The inclusion of livestock products in Ethiopian diets is extremely low, even by African standards, a phenomenon often explained by supply and marketing problems combined with low income levels. We deviate from this dominant narrative and single out the impact of religion. We show how fasting practices of Orthodox Christians, the largest religious group, affect milk intake decisions and channels through which consumed milk is sourced. Employing country-wide data collected by the Living Standards Measurement Studies, we find, as expected, that Orthodox fasting adversely affects milk consumption and decreases the share of milk sourced from own production in Orthodox households, an effect we quantify in this paper. Moreover, we observe spillover effects of Orthodox fasting on other religious groups in dominant Orthodox localities. Our findings improve understanding of the broader societal implication of religiously inspired consumption rituals and underscore the challenges resulting from religion-induced demand cycles to design policies that aim at developing the livestock sector.
Nonlocal Cauchy Problem via a Fractional Operator Involving Power Kernel in Banach Spaces
Authors: Keten Ayşegül , Yavuz Mehmet , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: May 2019

We investigated existence and uniqueness conditions of solutions of a nonlinear differential equation containing the Caputo–Fabrizio operator in Banach spaces. The mentioned derivative has been proposed by using the exponential decay law and hence it removed the computational complexities arising from the singular kernel functions inherit in the conventional fractional derivatives. The method used in this study is based on the Banach contraction mapping principle. Moreover, we gave a numerical example which shows the applicability of the obtained results.
Rapid Condition Surveys of Archaeological Excavations: Training Professionals in Two Minoan Sites on East Crete, Greece
Authors: Chlouveraki Stefania , Stefanis Alexis , Helvaci Yigit Zafer , Zervaki Klio , Theoulakis Panagiotis
Published: May 2019

Over the past century, monumental architecture has been at the center of attention of heritage professionals, stakeholders, and the public. On the contrary, vernacular architecture, which constitutes the majority of our built heritage, especially at rural sites in the provinces of Greece and other Mediterranean countries, has been mostly neglected and often has fallen into disarray. As a result, we now witness the severe degradation of several important settlements, which are threatened due to long exposure to the elements and lack of conservation, maintenance, and management plans. Since 2015, the Architectural Conservation Laboratory, University of West Attica, organizes a field-training program at the Minoan sites of Mochlos and Pseira on East Crete, aimed at addressing the challenges of vernacular architecture and raising awareness. The program provides on-the-job training opportunities to heritage professionals in surveying, assessing, and documenting the condition of architectural remains and finally establishing the conservation priorities. This paper discusses the approaches and the goals of the program, as well as the potential for the integration of cost-effective digital documentation techniques, such as photogrammetry, into the systematic monitoring of archaeological sites under threat. The preliminary results of the condition survey of Pseira and the challenges in the application of image-based 3D modeling on site are also reported.
Predictive Equations for Butterhead Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa, cv. Flandria) Root Surface Area Grown in Aquaponic Conditions
Authors: Schwartz Pamela A. , Anderson Tyler S. , Timmons Michael B.
Published: May 2019

Aquaponic systems are becoming more prevalent and have led to accurate mass and energy balance models that allow nutrient utilization to be maximized and plant and fish systems to be coupled or complimentary. Such models still do not address the potential of using the plant side as both the primary nitrification system and as a sink for the nitrate being produced from the fish system. However, using the plants as the nitrification system for the fish waste requires a better understanding and quantification of the nitrification capacity of the plant system. A series of experiments were conducted using butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa, cv. Flandria) in deep water culture rafts. Plants were grown under two growing conditions and were evaluated based upon harvestable weight. Treatment 1 (H5) consisted of a standard hydroponic nutrient solution maintained at pH 5.8, while treatment 2 (A7) consisted of an aquaponic waste solution maintained at pH 7.0. The aquaponic conditions were created from a fish rearing system using koi (Cyprinus carpio) that was continuously recirculated between the designated plant tubs and the fish tank with an in-line bead filter to capture and mineralize fish solids. The total root surface area was not significantly different between treatments, but the ratio of root surface area to root fresh weight was different, suggesting that aquaponic roots are finer than hydroponic roots. Predictive equations were developed to correlate root surface area to shoot or root fresh weight, which can be used to design the nitrification component for a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), as part of an integrated aquaponic system.
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycaemic Control in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Ojo Omorogieva , Weldon Sharon M. , Thompson Trevor , Vargo Elisabeth J.
Published: May 2019

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent amongst pregnant women and is linked to a range of adverse complications, including gestational diabetes. However, there is no consensus among researchers regarding the impact of vitamin D supplementation in alleviating adverse effects in gestational diabetes. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether supplementation of vitamin D given to women with gestational diabetes can promote glycaemic control. EMBASE and PubMed were searched up to November, 2018. The selection criteria included randomised controlled trials of the effect of vitamin D supplementation (1000–4762 IU/day) on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Study data and outcome measures (fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin and serum insulin) were extracted from included studies. Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses. Heterogeneity tests, and analysis of the risk of bias were conducted. Most of the studies were graded as having either low risk or moderate risk of bias although two studies had a high risk of bias in the areas of blinding of participants and personnel, and incomplete outcome data. On the other hand, the heterogeneity statistic (I2) ranged from 0–41% in the studies included. Five randomised controlled trials were selected for this review and meta-analysis (involving a total of 173 participants supplemented with vitamin D and 153 participants as control drawn from the studies). Vitamin D supplementation was associated with a decrease in fasting blood glucose by a mean of 0.46 mmol/L (−0.68, −0.25) (p < 0.001), glycated haemoglobin by a mean of 0.37% (−0.65, −0.08) (p < 0.01) and serum insulin concentration by mean of 4.10 µIU/mL (−5.50, −2.71) (p < 0.001) compared to controls. This review shows evidence that vitamin D supplementation has the potential to promote glycaemic control in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). However, due to the limited number of studies in the meta-analysis, the conclusion should be interpreted with caution. Further studies are needed to fully understand the exact mechanism by which vitamin D influences glucose metabolism.