FEATURES OF THE STEM-EDUCATION FORMATION: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Authors: PETRENKO L. , KOKARIEVA N. 
Published: October 2023

Today, innovative technologies get into all spheres of life: medicine, transport, entertainment, education. Specialists who use modern technologies, understand complex technical problems, develop new solutions and possess universal skills are increasingly needed on the labor market. The modern stage of development of the international education system is determined by innovations. Such activity in the scientific field is quite important in today’s conditions, because it makes a significant contribution to the development of an innovative person. STEM-education is the best way to educate the society of the future: students can easily become goal-oriented, educated and reliable members of society. That is why foreign experience is very relevant for the modernization of education. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the formation of STEM education based on foreign experience. The scientific novelty of this work is that it singles out the peculiarities of the implementation of STEM-education abroad and in Ukraine. The scientific novelty consists in structuring and highlighting the peculiarities of the implementation of STEM-education abroad and in Ukraine.The analysis of scientific publications proved that the theoretical foundations of STEM education were considered by M. John, A. Nicholas, V. Rokhlov, H. Fleischman, А. Frolov. The implementation of STEM-technologies and their research was carried out by J. Gerlach, О. Patrykeieva, І. Slipukhina, V. Chornomorets, G. Yakman. It was found that the strategy for the development of STEM-education involves the creation of solid foundations for the formation of physical and mathematical literacy of educators, which is combined with creative thinking; ensuring equality for all students who will be able to acquire innovative skills regardless of gender, nationality or financial status;preparing students for future professions.Bright example of institutions implementing STEM-education is the University of Lower Silesia in Wroclaw. In the world, there is an increase in federations, organizations that help in the development of STEM: Washington STEM (provides resources and support to teachers and students to improve knowledge in this subject), companies (Danish private company The Lego Group) and corporations (USC Rossier School of Education, Intel and Northeastern University). The article examines the peculiarities of the introduction of STEM-education in Ukraine and abroad: the using of organizational and interactive forms of learning: individual, group work, creating projects, combining several subjects for better learning and focusing on students. The next feature is partnership between countries. Cooperation of organizations, help with tools for work, holding webinars. The next feature that we have highlighted is the creation and improvement of new programs, the combination of subjects by direction is implemented in order to improve the level of assimilation of professional disciplines in colleges and universities and the creation of subject cycles in schools. Level education should also be singled out, for example abroad there are 3 levels: STEM1 theoretical programs “Science, Technology and Engineering” and “International Baccalaureate”; STEM2 – STEM1 and 2–3 years of professionally oriented education with the application of biology; STEM3 – STEM2 and 2-3-year professionally oriented education with the application of technology and engineering.Attention was also paid to the gender education. Gender equality means that the interests, needs and priorities of both women and men are taken into account, recognizing the diversity of different groups of men and women. the using of specialized programs, applications, methods, work in groups or individually, all this creates conditions for training, development, creativity of future specialists. The use of robotics in educational institutions is considered, as there is alreadyan urgent need for specialists for the development, design and programming of innovative machines. Attracting young people to learn robotics is also extremely important for the further development of technology in any progressive nation. S. Papert’s research showed that with the use of robots, pupils and students not only acquire many key skills, especially in the field of creative and critical thinking, but also “metacognitive skills”, learn to learn, communicate. It also highlights the problems that hinder the process of education modernization, possible ways to overcome them, describes a number of European institutions and methods of implementing STEM-education in them.Thus, STEM-education is gaining more and more popularity in today’s world. Focusing on innovative pedagogical approaches, modern European and American educational institutions already have competent specialists who know how to build an effective dialogue with students using new teaching methods. The experience of introducing STEM-technologies into the educational process of the USA and the EU shows that the upbringing of modern and intellectually gifted children is our g uide f or t he f uture, b ecause t he l evel o f e ducation o f s ociety i s t he k ey t o p rogressive d evelopment and competitiveness for the country. The key point in the implementation of new technologies in the classroom is the objective assessment of the student’s progress, not the relationship with the teacher.The conducted research did not cover all aspects of the identified features, therefore it requires a more detailed analysis of the STEM-education system.