bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attachment to Caregivers and Type 1 Diabetes in Children / Navezanost Na Starše in Sladkorna Bolezen Tipa 1 Pri Otrocih
Authors: Drobnič Radobuljac Maja , Shmueli-Goetz Yael
Published: May 2015

Attachment is a behavioral and physiological system, which enables individual’s dynamic adaptation to its environment. Attachment develops in close interaction between an infant and his/her mother, plays an important role in the development of the infant’s brain, and influences the quality of interpersonal relationships throughout life.

Security of attachment is believed to influence individual response to stress, exposing insecurely organized individuals to deregulated autonomic nervous system and exaggerated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, which, in turn, produces increased and prolonged exposure to stress-hormones. Such stress responses may have considerable implications for the development of diverse health-risk conditions, such as insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, shown by numerous studies.

Although the mechanisms are not yet fully understood, there is compelling evidence highlighting the role of psychological stress in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). One of the possible contributing factors for the development of T1D may be the influence of attachment security on individual stress reactivity. Thus, the suggestion is that insecurely attached individuals are more prone to experience increased and prolonged influence of stress hormones and other mechanisms causing pancreatic beta-cell destruction. The present paper opens with a short overview of the field of attachment in children, the principal attachment classifications and their historic development, describes the influence of attachment security on individual stress-reactivity and the role of the latter in the development of T1D. Following is a review of recent literature on the attachment in patients with T1D with a conclusion of a proposed role of attachment organization in the etiology of T1D.
Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Adipose Tissue in Children and Adolescents / Endokrina in Presnovna Funkcija Maščobnega Tkiva Pri Otrocih in Mladostnikih
Authors: Kotnik Primož , Fischer Posovszky Pamela , Wabitsch Martin
Published: May 2015

Adipose tissue is implicated in many endocrine and metabolic processes. Leptin was among the first identified adipose-secreted factors, which act in an auto-, para- and endocrine manner. Since leptin, many other adipose tissue factors were determined, some primarily secreted from the adipocytes, some from other cells of the adipose tissue.

So-called adipokines are not only involved in obesity and its complications, as are insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and other components of the metabolic syndrome, but also in growth, reproduction, bone metabolism, immune response, cancer development and many other important biological processes. Research in the field of adipokines has revealed new insights into the physiological and pathophysiologal processes and opened new therapeutic possibilities. In the present article, a special emphasis is devoted to research in children and adolescents.
Foreword – Cognitive Science: A New Science with a Considerable Tradition
Authors: Marciszewski Marciszewski , Trzęsicki Kazimierz
Published: May 2015

We ask which ideas of cognitive science have their roots in traditional logic, grammar and rhetoric.We also emphasize the presence of cognitive science in the pages of Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric since its very beginning.
Evaluating Artificial Models of Cognition
Authors: Miłkowski Marcin
Published: May 2015

Artificial models of cognition serve different purposes, and their use determines the way they should be evaluated. There are also models that do not represent any particular biological agents, and there is controversy as to how they should be assessed. At the same time, modelers do evaluate such models as better or worse. There is also a widespread tendency to call for publicly available standards of replicability and benchmarking for such models. In this paper, I argue that proper evaluation of models does not depend on whether they target real biological agents or not; instead, the standards of evaluation depend on the use of models rather than on the reality of their targets. I discuss how models are validated depending on their use and argue that all-encompassing benchmarks for models may be well beyond reach.
How Far we Can Go Without Looking Under the Skin: The Bounds of Cognitive Science
Authors: Afeltowicz Łukasz , Wachowski Witold
Published: May 2015

The aim of this paper is to discuss the concept of distributed cognition (DCog) in the context of classic questions posed by mainstream cognitive science. We support our remarks by appealing to empirical evidence from the fields of cognitive science and ethnography. Particular attention is paid to the structure and functioning of a cognitive system, as well as its external representations. We analyze the problem of how far we can push the study of human cognition without taking into account what is underneath an individual’s skin. In light of our discussion, a distinction between DCog and the extended mind becomes important.
The Default Mode Network and the Problem of Determining Intrinsic Mental Contents
Authors: Havlík Marek , Marvan Tomáš
Published: May 2015

We provide a brief overview of the shift toward the intrinsic view of brain activity, describing in particular the structural and functional connectivity patterns of the “Default mode network” (part I). We then consider the Default mode network in a specifically cognitive setting and ask what changes the focus on the Default mode network and other sorts of intrinsic activity require from models put forward by cognitive neuroscientists (part II).
Evolutionary Schema of Modeling Based on Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Stacewicz Paweł
Published: May 2015

In this paper, I propose a populational schema of modeling that consists of: (a) a linear AFSV schema (with four basic stages of abstraction, formalization, simplification, and verification), and (b) a higher-level schema employing the genetic algorithm (with partially random procedures of mutation, crossover, and selection). The basic ideas of the proposed solution are as follows: (1) whole populations of models are considered at subsequent stages of the modeling process, (2) successive populations are subjected to the activity of genetic operators and undergo selection procedures, (3) the basis for selection is the evaluation function of the genetic algorithm (this function corresponds to the model verification criterion and reflects the goal of the model). The schema can be applied to automate the modeling of the mind/brain by means of artificial neural networks: the structure of each network is modified by genetic operators, modified networks undergo a learning cycle, and successive populations of networks are verified during the selection procedure. The whole process can be automated only partially, because it is the researcher who defines the evaluation function of the genetic algorithm.
Object-Oriented Programming and Representation of Objects
Authors: Drozdek Adam
Published: May 2015

In this paper, a lesson is drawn from the way class definitions are provided in object-oriented programming. The distinction is introduced between the visible structure given in a class definition and the hidden structure, and then possible connections are indicated between these two structures and the structure of an entity modeled by the class definition.
Anthropogenic transformation of soils in the Barycz valley – conclusions for soil classification / Antropogeniczne przekształcenia gleb w Dolinie Baryczy - wnioski dotyczące klasyfikacji gleb
Authors: Łabaz Beata , Bogacz Adam , Kabała Cezary
Published: May 2015

Large-scale river regulation, drainage and intense farming in the Barycz valley initiated in 17th century activated a transformation of the initial alluvial and swamp-alluvial soils. Soils on the Holocene flooded terraces have deep, acid humus horizons (umbric) and gleyic properties at shallow depth, but have no stratification of parent material to a depth of 100 cm. Despite the location in the floodplain, soils cannot be classified as black-earth alluvial soils (mady czarnoziemne) using the criteria of Polish soil classification (2011). The soils on the Pleistocene non-flooded terraces have a deep, base-saturated humus horizon (mollic) and gleyic properties in the lower part of soil profile, which allows to classify them as the black earths (czarne ziemie). Prominent stratification of the parent material well preserved in these soils has no influence on their classification (due to the age sediments). Almost all humus horizons of these soils meet the definition of anthric characteristics, and more than half of the studied soils can be classified as culturozemic soils - rigosols - which emphasises the important role of man in the transformation and gaining of morphological features of these soils. The lack of precise criteria for identifying soil types in the chernozemic order of the Polish soil classification (2011) causes difficulties in the classification of soils on the river terraces, in particular, in distinguishing between black-earth alluvial soils and black earths.
Assessment of changes of some functions of Ukrainian acid soils after chemical amelioration
Authors: Zapko Yurij , Desyatnik Karina , Dmytruk Yurij
Published: May 2015

The objective of the article was to determine the effectiveness of lime of different origin for chemical amelioration of soils and examine its impact on soil functions such as productivity, habitat, regulation of water quality, and the protective buffer biogeocenotic screen. Limy ameliorants were applied in small local field experiment on Luvic Chernozem, and experiment with lysimeter columns was carried out on Albic Luvisol. The number of the main groups of microflora and enzymatic activity of soil was determined in soil samples taken for the analysis from the root zone. Research concerning the influence of natural and industrial origin ameliorants on soil as habitat showed the correlation of sugar beets productivity with soil biogenic. The increase of biomultiplicity of soil microbiota after addition of a cement dust and negative influence of red sludge on soil as habitat for living organisms was observed. Research involving the influence of ameliorants on soil by lime as the protective buffer biogeocenotic screen was carried out using lysimeter columns. It was stated that the addition of limy ameliorants reduces mobility of heavy metals.
Mobile fractions in dustfall and possible migration of metals to soil / Badania mobilnych frakcji metali w opadzie pyłowym i możliwość migracji metali do gleby
Authors: Kalembkiewicz Jan , Sitarz-Palczak Elżbieta , Soćo Eleonora , Nowak Danuta , Trojnar Irena
Published: May 2015

The atmospheric fallout over the Rzeszów town was investigated. Intensity of dustfall (quarterly periods, 2011.2012) and its physicochemical properties (acid-base character, solubility and sequential solubility, mobile fractions) were investigated. The intensity of dustfall was variable from 25 to 83 g·m.2 and depended on the season. Contents of metals in precipitation were diverse with quantities exceeding 1%: Fe, K, Ca, Na, in 0.1.1%: Mg, Zn, Na, Ca, Mn, Ni, Co, Cr, and less than 0.1%: Cu, Bi, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb. It was found that the dustfall is a possible source of metals. The atmospheric fallout can enlarge a pool of metals in soils from 0.18% up to 80%.
Physical Activity and the Development of the Built Environment in Schools for Youth with a Functional Disability in Quebec
Authors: Roult Romain , Carbonneau Hélène , Chan Thomas , Belley-Ranger Émilie , Duquette Marie-Michèle
Published: May 2015

Background: Assess how primary and secondary schools were designed to encourage the practice of physical and sporting activities for young people with limited physical abilities. Analyse the impacts of the built environment on the adoption of active behaviours for the disabled clientele in schools. Materials and methods: Fifteen schools in Quebec were examined using two structured and coded observation grids. Fifty-two interviews were held with each school’s administrative team, physical education teachers, the professional staff, parents and youth with limited physical abilities. Results: The school environment is a central component in the inclusion of youth with physical limitations. However, the lack of means, the dilapidated state of some spaces along with the lack of knowledge of the different populations of youth with limited physical abilities can account for the fact that the schools observed offer an environment that is more of less accessible or poorly adapted to these young people. Conclusions: Most of the time, certain non-existent or deficient faculties in the surveyed areas have a negative impact on the autonomy, perseverance, and the level of inclusion of young individuals with limited physical abilities. It therefore seems essential to adapt and develop areas of activity in accordance with the clientele’s (or potential clientele’s) physical limitations
2010-2014: A Comparative Evolution of Sustainability Reporting and Its Assurance in Europe and the U.S.A.
Authors: Tînjală Diana-Maria , Pantea Lavinia Mirela , Buglea Alexandru
Published: May 2015

The concept of sustainability has evolved to encompass environmental, social and governance issues regarding corporate behaviour. For the last few years, stakeholders have begun putting pressure on companies to report on sustainability issues. Several national and international regulations and standards have been adopted to guide companies in their reporting. To ensure the accuracy and comparability of non-financial data needed for the stakeholders' decision making process, there is an increasing preference for the external assurance of sustainability reporting. The internationally recognized CSR report assurance standards are the International Standard on Assurance Engagements, ISAE 3000, and AccountAbility's AA1000 Assurance Standard (AA1000AS). This study focuses on the evolution of corporate sustainability reporting, using two non-financial indicators: ESG reporting, and Assurance of ESG reporting. The data for the study is based on content analysis of both CSR reports and corporate websites, courtesy of Sustainalytics. We assessed the evolution of the two indicators from June 2010 to February 2014, for 50 listed European companies and 50 American ones. The comparative approach illustrates the different evolutions of sustainability in Europe and the USA, emphasising the need for stronger regulations and guidelines in the USA, similar to those already implemented in European Countries. For the selected time period, US companies are shown to be worse reporters than European ones, having a negligible number of reports externally verified.
A touchy subject: advancing the modulated visual pathways account of altered vision near the hand
Authors: Taylor J. Eric T. , Gozli Davood G. , Chan David , Huffman Greg , Pratt Jay
Published: May 2015

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that human vision operates differently in the space near and on the
hands; for example, early findings in this literature reported that rapid onsets are detected faster near the hands,
and that objects are searched more thoroughly. These and many other effects were attributed to enhanced
attention via the recruitment of bimodal visual-tactile neurons representing the hand and near-hand space.
However, recent research supports an alternative account: stimuli near the hands are preferentially processed by
the action-oriented magnocellular visual pathway at the expense of processing in the parvocellular pathway. This
Modulated Visual Pathways (MVP) account of altered vision near the hands describes a hand position-dependent
trade-off between the two main retinal-cortical visual pathways between the eye and brain. The MVP account
explains past findings and makes new predictions regarding near-hand vision supported by new research.
Reciprocal functional interactions between the respiration/circulation center, the upper spinal cord, and the trigeminal system
Authors: Yazawa Itaru , Shioda Seiji
Published: May 2015

The interplay of neural discharge patterns involved in “respiration”, “circulation”, “opening movements in the
mandible”, and “locomotion” was investigated electrophysiologically in a decerebrate and arterially perfused
in situ rat preparation. Sympathetic tone increased with increases in perfusion flow rate. All nerve discharges
became clearly organized into discharge episodes of increasing frequency and duration punctuated by quiescent
periods as the perfusion flow rate increased at 26ºC. The modulated sympathetic tone at 10× total blood volume/
min activated the forelimb pattern generator and spontaneously generated fictive forelimb movement during
discharge episodes. The coupling rhythm of respiration and locomotion during motion occurred at frequency
ratios ranges of 1:2 and 1:3. Small increases in systemic pressure were always generated after the initiation of
motion. Opening movements in the mandible, occurring during the inspiratory phase at all tested flow rates,
were generated in both the inspiratory and expiratory phases during motion. Although the central mechanism
for the entrainment of respiratory and locomotor rhythms has not been identified, a spinal-feedback mechanism
generating fictive locomotion in the upper spinal cord contributed to generating the opening movement in
the mandible in the expiratory phase during motion. The existence of this mechanism implies that there is a
reciprocal functional interaction between the brainstem and the spinal cord, whereby the intake and output
of air by the lungs is efficiently improved during movement by both nasal and mouth breathing. These results
suggest that this reciprocal functional interaction plays an important role in increasing oxygenated blood flow
during locomotion.
Research concerning the Ball Screen in Basketball
Authors: Ionescu Dan
Published: May 2015

The dynamics of basketball, due to the relatively small court but also to regulations concerning the time of attack, has required finding, by the specialists in this field, new ways of collaboration and specific actions between a certain team’s players. Thus has appeared the 2 on 2 play, with its improved version called pick and roll, which has “exploded” over the last years, becoming the most important element in many coaches’ strategy. As a description, pick and roll represents the tactic move to which participate the player in possession of the ball and a tall player, which screen him out, temporarily blocking the way of its defender. The purpose of this research is analyzing, in a national champion team, the frequency, the versions and the efficiency of these tactic moves.
Consumers of leisure sports activities. Case study
Authors: Rusu Oana
Published: May 2015

Nowadays, contextual dynamics of society require new understandings of leisure available to the individual. The manner in which he intends to spend his free time may affect the quality of life, beneficial or not. We intend to identify the preferences of the population over 25 years in Iași city, for leisure practicing sport and physical activities in specialized institutions. The sample survey included 150 citizens of Iasi (75 male, 75 female), distributed by age ranges: 25-34; 35-44; 45-54; 55-64 years. They answered a questionnaire with 14 questions that focused customer profile (demographics: age, sex), the behavior of consumption (frequency of practicing sport and physical leisure activities, frequency of practicing sport and physical activities in sports clubs, preferences for various sport and physical activities). The results suggest that sport and physical activities play an important place in free time, preferences turning to programs and services offered by sports clubs and associations in the city. There are gender differences regarding: leisure sports (men devote more time to, but also include several sports activities in their free time than women; also, young people pay more attention to sports activities compared to subjects other intervals age); in sports (even if there are a number of common sports), the reasons underlying their practice (women prevail desire to lose weight and men wish to keep fit). The understanding that free time is becoming shorter andshorter and precious determines behavior directed towards ensuring the individual benefits: better health condition, relaxation and satisfaction.
Analysis of specialist opinions about the problem of selection in the game of football for children 6-8 years of age
Authors: Brîndescu Sorin
Published: May 2015

The general trend worldwide is a pronounced decrease in the age at which sport performance begins. An early debut in the performance sport requires an early specialization and hence special efforts of the athlete, not just physical (the body has the ability to regenerate), but also of a mental nature. In this study I wanted to obtain the experts opinions on the main aspects of selection for the age studied, namely: selection criteria, methods of encouragement, stimulation and improvement, the overall state of the selection phenomenon organized for children of small age. Sports training professionals appreciate that the future belongs to technicians and athletes able to create new patterns, superior to those present, favoring the creation of highly efficient motor structures in order to obtain success in sports.
Study on the content of sports training young football players 17-18 years, in private sports clubs
Authors: Datcu Remus
Published: May 2015

Theoretically, this paper offers a complementary, applied scientific research, regarding the development of juniors specific speed, one of the more important aspects to be considered in current soccer game conditions. In soccer, speed directly affects the player’s ability to move his body in the shortest amount of time and for the optimal distance. Thus, the player’s speed has the same physiological and biochemical mechanics and the same underlying particularities as every other manifestation of speed. Still, there are aspects that concern the soccer player’s speed in particular, as we have previously shown, there are specifics that separate this type of speed from that of the athlete or of the volleyball player. From a proffessional point of view we can clearly state that speed has different qualities depending on the type of sport in which it is used. In consequence it is a subject of high interest for all branches of the sport world, and has a decisive impact when trying to achieve performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the means of improving the game speed of junior soccer players between 16 and 18 years of age, who are already in an advanced state of training, through a set of given tasks. The reason for choosing this subject is based on the need of finding and testing a model of developing speed in juniors of that age so that better results in their training can be obtained.
Acetaminophen effect on reaction speed and lower limbs power
Authors: Strava Cristian-Cosmin , Rusu Alexandra Mihaela
Published: May 2015

Background: Acetaminophen (also known as Tylenol or Paracetamol) is a very popular drug, that requires no prescription and is usually used as analgesic and antipyretic. A considerable number of previous studies show that acetaminophen has no effects that could alter exercise capacity or performance. On the other hand, there are studies sustaining that exercise performance can be improved with acetaminophen through a reduction in perceived pain, and also a reduction of the body heat produced by the muscle contraction. Purpose: The aim of our study was to check if acetaminophen influences reaction speed and power of the lower limbs muscles. Participants and method: For this study we recruited twenty-nine males, aged between 19 and 28 years old. We had two testing sessions for each participant, in the same day (the baseline evaluation, and the second evaluation at half an hour after acetaminophen ingestion). The evaluation sequence was: Body composition evaluation, acoustic-visual reaction test for one leg (left and right), Squad jump on one leg (5 jumps on each foot) and Stiffness test (7 jumps on each foot). Results: Acetaminophen has no significant influence on visual and acoustic reaction time of left or right leg. The Squat Jump test revealeda significant increase of explosive power on left leg (from 10.19±1.66 to 10.61±1.66 W/Kg, p=0.03) and right leg (10.16±1.59 W/Kg to 10.62±1.84 W/Kg, p=0.02). Another significant result of our study is the increase of reactive power (obtained during the Stiffness test) after the acetaminophen ingestion (from 16.35±4.86 to 17.53±3.79 W/Kg on left leg and from 15.92±4.2 to 17.04±4.26 W/Kg on right leg). Conclusions: Acetaminophen ingestion does not influence visual or acoustic reaction time but can improve the exercise performance through an increase in both explosive and reactive power of lower limbs.
Occupational therapy for patients with an arterio-venous fistula
Authors: Bengulescu Iustinian , Pasnicu Costin , Pantea Corina , Pantea Stelian
Published: May 2015

End stage renal disease (ESRD) represents a chronic medical condition that has become a public health problem and requires substantial funding. The number of patients with ESRD is rapidly increasing. From the moment that ESRD is diagnosed, the natural evolution of this pathology is towards mandatory dialysis, in absence of a renal transplant procedure. In order to perform hemodialysis, a vascular access site must be created and maintained functional. A proper vascular access site allows an adequate blood flow through the dialysis machine, in order to obtain the required results. The arterio-venous fistula represents the number one recommended vascular access site procedure. Establishing and maintaining a vascular access represents one of the biggest problems in hemodialysis. The arterio-venous fistula thus becomes the patient’s lifeline. Maintaining a good quality vascular access site is a demanding process and requires cooperation between both the patient and the health care providers. For ESRD patients there is a constant concern regarding the patency of their vascular access. The aim of this paper is to present the postoperative measures that ESRD patients should provide in order to preserve their vascular access. Also, we want to present the main signs of an early complication that patients should recognize and therefore immediately present themselves to the physician. By establishing this type of cooperation and trust between the patient and the medical staff we will be able to reduce the number of surgical procedures required for the creation and maintenance of the vascular access. Our final thought remains that a well-informed patient has better chances of prolonging his “lifeline”.
The rehabilitation management after hip arthroplasty: a case report
Authors: Burchici Adina
Published: May 2015

Aim: In this paper we describe the physical therapy management of a 64-year-old female following a bilateral hip arthroplasty. Method: The patient featured in this study, after the surgical intervention had undergone specific recovery treatment consisting of: posture techniques, static (isometric contractions) and dynamic kinetic techniques (passive motion, passive-actives, actives, actives with resistance), massage, respiratory gymnastics and reeducation of walking. Results: At the end of the rehabilitation program, hip muscular strength and joint range of motion were improved significantly. The Harris hip score was significantly improved, in comparison to the preoperative one. Conclusion: This case illustrates the importance of the rehabilitation management after bilateral hip replacement.
Contribution of aerobic step and Pilates exercises to life quality increase
Authors: Lupău Ancuța , Faur Mihaela-Liana , Pantea Corina
Published: May 2015

Physical activity practiced on a constant, regular basis contributes directly to the improvement of the structure and functions of different organs and body systems. It can also counteract the appearance of some anatomic and functional deterioration and contribute to the correction of certain deficiencies caused by improper conditions of life/work in people’s life. This study analyses two forms of physical exercise - Aerobic Step and Pilates. The goal of the study is to identify the effects of practicing Aerobic Step and Pilates exercises on the bodies of those who practice these forms of physical exercise. The hypothesis of the research is that practicing on constant/regular basis different types of aerobic exercises combined with efficient nutrition ensures optimum physical condition for everyday activities. The activity was carried out at the “Beauty Centre” aerobic hall from Timisoara, Romania. The study was carried out between February and May 2013 on a sample of 25 people subjected to anthropometric and functional measurements (size, weight, hip perimeter and body weight index, percentage of muscular tissue) both before (initial test - It) and after (final test - Ft) Aerobic Step and Pilates programmes. Results show the efficiency of these programmes as pointed out by the diminution of hip perimeter, by normal IMC, and by the increase of the active muscular tissues.
Funkcjonowanie austriackich sądów wojskowych na Lubelszczyźnie w latach 1915–1918 / The activity of Austrian military tribunals in the area of Lubelszczyzna in the years 1915–1918
Authors: Maleszyk Ryszard
Published: May 2015

One of the most crucial administrational organs on areas under the occupation of Austria became so called c. and k. (imperial-royal) peripheral headquarters, qualified as district headquarters since 17 April, 1917. To each one of them court-martials (Militärgericht) were subordinated, delivering verdicts in cases concerning: criminal offences committed not only by servicemen but also by civilians, people charged with crimes against the Danube monarchy, c. and k. of the army, and offences with the usage of gun described in the War Codex, being in usage in occupational conditions. Rules of Penalty Law qualified as many as eight offences, which were punished with the highest possible sentence - death. The paper deals with the jurisdiction of the above-mentioned courts on the area of Lubelszczyzna. The issue has never before been raised in any scientific research.
Polacy w armii rosyjskiej na Lubelszczyźnie na początku I wojny światowej / The Poles in the Russian army in Lubelszczyzna at the beginning of the First World War
Authors: Kulik Mariusz
Published: May 2015

Before the First World War a part of Polish territory, including Lubelszczyzna was in the Military District in Warsaw. There were standing five army corps, which consisted of 200,000 soldiers. In Lubelszczyzna there was standing one corps - XIV Army Corps in the power of 30,000 men. Due to the current rules, the could be very few among them. The restrictions referred to officers too, but only to the Catholics (Catholic’s vacant). Poles of others religions were out of the restrictions. Poles were mainly commanders, up to the brigade commanders. Among them there were also generals Eugeniusz de Hennig Michaelis and Edward Kolankowski. After the war broke out the number of Poles in the Russian army increased, which was connected with the mobilization, the war acts and their consequences.
Rosjanie w kadrze nauczycielskiej Gimnazjum Lubelskiego w okresie paskiewiczowskim w świetle zbiorów Archiwum Państwowego w Lublinie / The Russian teaching staff in Lublin Secondary School in the post-Paskiewicz period in the light of the State Archive’s Collection in Lublin
Authors: Sadurski Ireneusz
Published: May 2015

The aim of the article is to provide the answer to the question concerning the Russian teaching staff and its nationality in Lublin Seconday School. The author of the article discusses the stages of the teaching carteer of Russian teachers. According to the law established in 1833, after the fall of November uprising, the school authorities introduced the Russian language to the Polish school. In 1832-1864 Russian was taught by 22 teachers in Lublin Secondary School. Among them there were three Russian head-masters. Russian was also taught by teachers of other nationalities including Polish, Ukrainian, Lithuanian and Georgian. The first Russian, who taught his native language in Lublin in 1834-1836 was professor Jan Aleksandrowski. He had taught in Krzemieniec before. He started teaching there in 1807 and was considered to be an exceptionally amiable and competent teacher by schoolboys who did not pay attention to russification.
On path-quasar Ramsey numbers
Authors: Li Binlong , Ning Bo
Published: May 2015

Let G
Rotation indices related to Poncelet’s closure theorem
Authors: Cieślak Waldemar , Martini Horst , Mozgawa Witold
Published: May 2015

Let C
The Change Of Residents’ Attitudes Towards Renewable Energy Sources In 2006–2014 As A Reflection Of Primary Research
Authors: Szilvia Domán , Antalné Tamus , Tamás Erdélyi , Horská Elena
Published: May 2015

Within the frame of the North Hungarian region's eco-energy program, we examined the change of residents’ attitudes to alternative energy sources during a multi-stage primary research. The level of familiarity and knowledge of the population, the examination of the source of knowledge and the analysis of renewable energy sources’ judgment were the main areas of the standard interviews. According to our hypothesis, all of the information supply and attitudes related to the subject changed in a positive direction. The use of renewable energy sources is mainly dependent on the consumers’ and residents’ attitude in the given region. Consequently, we consider the knowledge of residents’ attitude particularly important and that the multi-stage research was needed. Primary research was performed in form of standard interviews in households during 2006. Our research in 2009 and 2014 indicated the next phase, where we studied, how the relationship of the parties concerned to renewable energy sources has changed during the past three years.
The Formation Of Product Safety Within Stock Movement
Authors: Anastasiya Datchenko , Vitaly Gissin
Published: May 2015

Product safety and quality are among the key indicators that determine the company's efficiency in modern economics. Changes in state economics and policy such as Russia‘s accession to the WTO and its functioning within the Customs Union force domestic manufacturers to take a fresh look at these issues. Logistic concept of quality and safety involves application of logistic principles and methods for the quality and safety management on one hand, and forming of related organization's system and appropriate control measures for the quality and safety as a control object on the other. Thus, this concept should naturally combine logistics and security. Effective implementation of legal framework on the part of manufacturers and competent authority's control on its observance may provide a stream of safe and quality products coming to mass retailers, which significantly reduces the cases of food poisoning.
Quantum Electron-Exchange Effects on the Buneman Instability in Quantum Plasmas
Authors: Hong Woo-Pyo , Jamil Muhammad , Rasheed Abdur , Jung Young-Dae
Published: May 2015

The quantum-mechanical electron-exchange effects on the Buneman instability are investigated in quantum plasmas. The growth rate and wave frequency of the Buneman instability for the quantum plasma system composed of the moving electron fluid relative to the ion fluid are obtained as functions of the electron-exchange parameter, de Broglie’s wave length, Debye’s length, and wave number. The result shows that the electron-exchange effect suppresses the growth rate of the quantum Buneman instability in quantum plasmas. It is also shown that the influence of electron exchange reduces the instability domain of the wave number in quantum plasmas. However, the instability domain enlarges with an increase in the ratio of the Debye length to the de Broglie wave length. In addition, the electron-exchange effect on the growth rate of the Buneman instability increases with an increase in the ratio of the Debye length to the de Broglie wave length. The variation in the growth rate of the Buneman instability due to the change in the electron-exchange effect and plasma parameters is also discussed.
Using a Simple Escherichia coli Growth Curve Model to Teach the Scientific Method
Authors: McKernan Lisa N.
Published: May 2015

The challenge of teaching in the sciences is not only conveying knowledge in the discipline, but also developing essential critical thinking, data analysis, and scientific writing skills. I outline an exercise that can be done easily as part of a microbiology laboratory course. It teaches the nature of the research process, from asking questions and developing a testable hypothesis to writing a scientific paper, as well as the concepts of bacterial growth and two classic techniques for measuring bacterial growth, spectrophotometry, and standard plate method.
Los docentes de lengua y cultura: Una mirada reflexiva y crítica de la educación indígena costarricense
Authors: Guevara-Víquez Federico , Nercis-Sánchez Ignolio , Ovares-Barquero Sandra
Published: May 2015

Recibido 19 de setiembre de 2014 • Corregido 19 de marzo de 2015 • Aceptado 27 de abril de 2015El presente trabajo es parte de los productos del proyecto Reconstrucción de saberes adscrito a la División de Educación Rural de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. El artículo busca generar una mirada reflexiva en torno al modelo de educación indígena existente en Costa Rica en general y en Talamanca en particular. Se partió de una metodología de trabajo basada en la investigación acción colaborativa con maestros indígenas de lengua y cultura de la región de Talamanca Bribri y Talamanca Cabécar que combinó sesiones colectivas de discusión focal con entrevistas individuales con un enfoque cualitativo que permitió generar una serie de impresiones críticas sobre el sistema de educación en el cual se desempeñan, para finalmente desembocar en una síntesis de reflexiones y recomendaciones específicas que permitirían fortalecer el servicio educativo para la población indígena de Talamanca y avanzar hacia un modelo de educación intercultural bilingüe.
Identificación de competencias transversales para reformas curriculares: El caso de la multiculturalidad
Authors: Víquez-Moreno Diani María , Valenzuela-González Jaime Ricardo , Compeán-Aguilar María Dolores
Published: May 2015

Recibido 24 de noviembre de 2014 • Corregido 10 de marzo de 2015 • Aceptado 27 de abril de 2015Este artículo recoge los resultados de una investigación realizada en el campo de las competencias transversales, tema impulsado en los últimos años por la UNESCO como una forma de cambiar los resultados ineficientes de los sistemas educativos. Abarca la teoría general sobre el tema, enfatizando en la Competencia para interactuar en ambientes multiculturales. El objetivo fue identificar el conjunto de atributos que distinguen a las personas competentes en interactuar en ambientes multiculturales de aquellas que no lo son. Para ello se utilizó la estrategia de métodos mixtos, con estatus equitativo y secuencial, cualitativa y después cuantitativa. La muestra incluyó 6 personas expertas y 52 estudiantes de universidad, quienes participaron en un estudio de caso con entrevista semi estructurada, el primer grupo; y en la aplicación de un instrumento de auto reporte, el segundo. Para el análisis de los datos cualitativos se cumplieron los procesos de colección, reducción, despliegue y verificación de datos; la fase cuantitativa incluyó análisis estadísticos: descriptivo, psicométrico y de relaciones. Como principales resultados se logró elaborar un perfil capaz de propiciar acciones educativas en el desarrollo de competencias claves y se identificó una metodología apropiada para tal fin; teoría de principiantes y personal experto. La conclusión más importante a la que se ha llegado es la necesidad de los sistemas educativos actuales de realizar cambios curriculares que permitan formar recursos humanos competentes para la sociedad del conocimiento; adicionalmente, ideas puntuales sobre el proceso de desarrollo de la competencia, las áreas de desempeño, las motivaciones, y la variedad de estrategias para desarrollarla.
El proceso de evaluación en educación no formal: Un camino para su construcción
Authors: Chacón-Ortiz Manuel
Published: May 2015

Recibido 4 de febrero de 2014 • Corregido 22 de enero de 2015 • Aceptado 27 de abril de 2015En este trabajo se analiza la construcción y conceptualización de los procesos de evaluación en la educación no formal. El propósito de este ensayo es discutir sobre la necesidad de evaluar los procesos educativos y proponer un esquema con los elementos básicos para la evaluación. El punto de partida son las discusiones actuales en el campo, con el fin de plantear la necesidad de instituciones, personas y organizaciones en el desarrollo de procesos educativos alternativos a los realizados en contextos formales e informales. Posteriormente se discuten los actuales debates teóricos en el campo. Se ofrece una visión general sobre el tema con el propósito de señalar los pasos y procesos clave, así como las herramientas de evaluación en educación. En conclusión, hay una creciente importancia en evaluar y rendir cuentas sobre los resultados de los procesos de aprendizaje no formal.
Identificación de factores demográficos y académicos que inciden en la aprobación de la asignatura Fisiología en la carrera de Medicina de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas
Authors: Vanegas-Pissa Juan Carlos , Sancho-Ugalde Hilda
Published: May 2015

Recibido 5 de mayo de 2014 • Corregido 28 de enero de 2015 • Aceptado 27 de abril de 2015En este artículo, derivado de un trabajo de investigación, que analiza algunos factores académicos y demográficos que podrían influir en la aprobación o reprobación de la materia de Fisiología en la carrera de Licenciatura en Medicina y Cirugía, impartida en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas, en el periodo 2008 al 2011. Este estudio es de tipo longitudinal-retrospectivo. Se analizan las calificaciones obtenidas por el estudiantado de la UCIMED que inscribieron la asignatura de Fisiología, por primera, segunda o tercera ocasión, durante el periodo de la investigación, los semestres en que fueron obtenidas, quienes aprobaron o reprobaron, las características sociodemográficas, otras asignaturas aprobadas o reprobadas previamente y sus notas. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el Software Stata 13 (Data Analysis and Statistical Software), se estima un modelo de regresión logística, para determinar las variables que explican la aprobación de la asignatura de Fisiología. Los resultados indican que las variables que mayor efecto tienen sobre la probabilidad de aprobar o no la asignatura de Fisiología son: la calificación en las asignaturas de Anatomía I y de Histología.
Crisis de la poliomielitis en Costa Rica: Logros y polioenseñanzas para hoy
Authors: Vargas-Morúa Gioconda , Vargas-Morúa Elizarda
Published: May 2015

Recibido 15 de mayo de 2014 • Corregido 2 de marzo de 2015 • Aceptado 27 de abril de 2015La presente exposición relata algunos acontecimientos ocurridos en Costa Rica, productos de la peste de la poliomielitis sufrida en la década de los años cincuenta. Se pretende, con ello, perpetuar algunas actitudes dignas de recordar del costarricense de aquella época, entre ellas, su sencillez, su espíritu de solidaridad y su actitud agradecida. Un pueblo que de la mano de hombres y mujeres con gran espíritu de servicio supo aquilatar la crisis para construir sobre su base uno de los hospitales más emblemáticos de nuestro país: El Hospital Nacional de Niños. Debemos rescatar sus enseñanzas aplicables a los tiempos actuales. Este texto histórico se construyó a partir del relato de personas que vivieron durante dicha crisis, utilizando como base un cuaderno de clase del año 1956, documentos en el Archivo Nacional y en la Biblioteca Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social (BINASSS) –CCSS– Dr. Rodolfo Álvaro Murillo, Hospital San Juan de Dios. Adicionalmente, se revisaron periódicos nacionales e internacionales. De los documentos revisados, se puede constatar cómo el trabajo solidario de los costarricenses, liderados por hombres serios y con espíritu de servicio, permitió la construcción del Hospital Nacional de Niños, que cumple cincuenta años en este año 2014. Este pueblo, además, ganó la lucha y la erradicación de la enfermedad de la poliomielitis mucho antes que una gran parte del mundo lo hiciera. La reacción del pueblo de los años cincuenta es una lección de solidaridad, de humanidad, que no debemos olvidar, por el contrario, debemos ser conscientes de lo alcanzado, con el fin de valorar el trabajo conjunto sobre el individual y procurar, desde la posición que ocupemos en la sociedad en la que vivimos, apostar por el bienestar común, como el costarricense de mediados del siglo pasado, que se sobrepuso a sus limitaciones personales y actúo en pos de la solidaridad.
Case Report: Benefits and Challenges of Long-term Eculizumab in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Cullinan Noelle , Gorman Kathleen Mary , Riordan Michael , Waldron Mary , Goodship Timothy H.J , Awan Atif
Published: May 2015

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is caused by dysregulation of the complement system, leading to complement overactivation. A humanized anti-C5 monoclonal antibody, eculizumab, has been available for the treatment of aHUS since 2011. The long-term safety and efficacy of this novel drug in the pediatric population remain under review. We present a child with a hybrid CFH/CFHR3 gene who, having had multiple disease relapses despite optimal treatment with plasma exchange, commenced eculizumab therapy in August 2010. She remains relapse free in follow-up at 52 months, and treatment has been well tolerated. The risk of meningococcal disease during this treatment is recognized. Despite vaccination against meningococcal disease and appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis, our patient developed meningococcal bacteremia 30 months into treatment. She presented with nonspecific symptoms but recovered without sequelae with appropriate treatment. We recommend that children be vaccinated against invasive meningococcal infection before beginning eculizumab therapy and take appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis during treatment, and we suggest that vaccine responses should be checked and followed annually. Clinicians need to maintain a high index of suspicion for invasive meningococcal disease. Neither vaccination nor antibiotic prophylaxis provides complete protection in patients on eculizumab therapy. The appropriate dosage of eculizumab needed to achieve remission in aHUS in the pediatric population is unknown. Having achieved remission in our patient, we monitor eculizumab and CH50 levels to evaluate ongoing blockade of the terminal complement cascade. Such information may help guide dosing intervals in the future.
Principles of developing a well-rounded program of physical rehabilitation for female students in the special medical group with consideration of physical activity impairment
Authors: Golod N. R.
Published: May 2015

Purpose : to highlight the main provisions of a comprehensive physical rehabilitation program for students of special medical group based on violations of the motor capacity. Material : testing 24 students of special medical group and the same number of their healthy peers on standardized tests of physical qualities. To reflect the movement disorders applied functional movement screen. Results : a program of rehabilitation of the students included: lifestyle modification; morning hygienic gymnastics; kinesitherapy (using yoga fitness, functional training); aerobic exercise (swimming, Nordic Walking, jogging, aerobics wellness); massage. First presented a unified approach to working with students of special medical groups - selection based on load capacity motor disorders according to the results of tests of functional movement screen. The complexity of the impact of the program involves the impact on the physical, social and mental health components. Conclusions : the author's program of physical rehabilitation of students of special medical group is complex.