bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODEL OF INTEGRAL HEALTH CARE
Authors: Lara José Edson , Oliveira Ary Célio , Tissot-Lara Thalles Augusto , Moura Luiz Rodrigo Cunha
Published: February 2022

Financial sustainability has been one of the most worrying aspects of health systems, regardless of the country's stage of development. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the value generation (EVA) and the possible cost reductions provided by the adoption of the Primary Health Care (PHC) Model. This is an exploratory and quantitative research with the use of the EVA (Economic Value Added) model and the system dynamics approach. The study connects the System Dynamics framework with the (EVA) to achieve cost savings in (PHC). The main results indicate that the Medical Cooperative was able to generate economic value of R$ 15.8 million in 2018 and the migration of care procedures to the PHC model could reduce costs of about R$ 330 million over a 10-year period. Theoretically, this investigation contributes to the application of a concept to a complex context. Methodologically, the contribution is the applicability of EVA and the use of system dynamics to analyze scenarios. The implementation of the PHC Model represents an important initiative in addressing the enormous management challenges in the area
MAIS DE 600.000 ÓBITOS: AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DO SISTEMA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA DOS MUNICÍPIOS BRASILEIROS NO TRATAMENTO À COVID-19
Authors: Aroeira Tiago , Vilela Bruno , Ferreira Rui Fernando
Published: February 2022

Avaliou-se a eficiência clínica e gerencial dos hospitais do SUS no tratamento à COVID-19 nos municípios brasileiros a partir da data do primeiro caso da doença no país até a data do óbito de número 600.000, com a inclusão do número de vacinados como variável de análise. Utilizou-se o método DEA em dois estágios. Os 640 municípios da amostra foram utilizados como DMUs para avaliação da eficiência gerencial e clínica no tratamento à COVID-19. Os resultados evidenciam que os municípios analisados possuem, na média, melhores índices de eficiência gerencial (0,86) do que clínica (0,67). Evidenciou-se que 38% da amostra apresenta alta eficiência gerencial e clínica no tratamento à COVID-19, enquanto 19% apresenta baixa eficiência gerencial e clínica. Demonstrou-se que 63% dos municípios possuem oportunidade significativa de melhoria da eficiência gerencial ou clínica. Contribuiu-se com a proposição e implementação de um modelo para avaliação das eficiências gerencial e clínica de municípios no contexto da COVID-19 com a inclusão da população vacinada como variável de análise. Os modelos e resultados podem ser utilizados por pesquisadores e órgãos públicos como ministérios e secretarias.
GRAPHEN-PHENYL-NH2 AS NANOCARRIER: A DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDY
Authors: Mahani Nosrat , Mostaghni Fatemeh , Shafiekhani Homa
Published: February 2022

Recently, graphene and modified graphene as one of the most suitable and the most important carbon nanomaterials have been introduced for drug delivery. In this paper, we have studied the binding characteristics of the EDC-NHS cross-linking process of graphene-phenyl-NH2 and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) drug in both gas and solvent phases by density functional theory calculations. For describing binding properties and reaction nature between graphene-ghenyl-NH2 and ALA drug, quantum molecular descriptors, topological analysis, natural bond orbital analysis, analysis of the bond order, the density of states, and analysis bond length was investigated in solvent and gas phases. Due to the results, the complex of the graphene-phenyl-NH2 @ALA turns to absorb more electrons in water solvent than gas phase. Furthermore, the binding of graphene-phenyl-NH2 and ALA is mainly based on covalent interactions, and bond order of graphene-phenyl-NH2 @ALA complex is one in solvent and gas phases. The praphene-phenylNH2 @ALA complex has displayed a meaningful improvement of electronic and structural properties. Therefore, it represented that praphene-phenyl-NH2 being combined with the ALA drug is appropriate for use in drug delivery.
Sufism and Pandemic: Lesson Learned from Sufi Teachings and its Prominent Figures
Authors: Setiawan Mohamad Nur Kholis
Published: February 2022

Religious perspective is an important aspect to be used in dealing with the COVID-19 global pandemic and the Islamic one is not an exception. It is Sufism that concerns more on the spiritual dimension of Islam that might be taken into consideration. Based on several books on Sufi scholars and teachings, such as al-Isfahani’s Ḥilyat al-Auliyā’ wa-ṭabaqāt al-Aṣfiyā, al-Attar’s Tadhkirat al-Auliyā, al-Sakandari’s al-Ḥikam, and others, this article proposes Sufi teachings as inevitable tools in facing the pandemic. Using content analysis, intertextuality, and historical approaches, this paper concludes how Sufism with its basic teachings such as ‘uzlah, ṣumtu, qanā’ah, shukr,  et cetera, will be the suitable elements for Muslims to face and overcome the pandemic. Several prominent Sufi scholars will also be used to strengthen the argument.
Perennialism and the Religious Common Platform of Mystical Tradition in Java
Authors: Taufik Zulfan , Rozi Syafwan
Published: February 2022

This article examines perennials’ understanding through the Javanese mysticism tradition that has developed before and after the arrival of Islam. The focus on perennials in this article is based on recognizing and equality of noble values in every religion that has ever developed in Javanese society, such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam. Previous studies have emphasized that Javanese mysticism is studied from the acculturation of culture with religion. Even this understanding of religion is considered the antithesis of religious exclusivism and conservatism that is currently developing. It is just that the study of Javanese mysticism in the approach of religious perennials is infrequent and limited. This study uses a library research method to reveal the values of mysticism that develop across the religious boundaries of Javanese society. The findings of this study are that there are several teachings of Javanese mysticism, including the conceptions of tantrism, tantularism, and manunggaling kawula gusti. These conceptions illustrate the openness of Javanese society to various religions. They believe that in religions, there is a commonality in ultimate truth or divinity and mystical unity.
Physical and Spiritual Dimensions of Happiness in the Thought of al-Fārābī and Ibn Sīnā
Authors: Zamzami Mukhammad , HosseiniEskandian Abdullah , Gholizadeh Hossein , Shariati Mohammad Moradi , Muktafi Muktafi , A'la Abd
Published: February 2022

The most important goal in human life is to achieve happiness, and because people are subject to certain ideas and beliefs and have a different system of thought, it has led to different interpretations of happiness. If the Sufis interpret happiness around the orbit of inner happiness in the soul, not related to material achievements such as money, children, prestige, offspring, and others, then this is different from the interpretation of the happiness of two Muslim philosophers, Ibn Sīnā and al-Fārābī. In this article, with a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, we first try to study the lexicon of the word happiness and the views of other thinkers in this regard, in the following, what are happiness, the levels of happiness, and the classification of happiness in the intellectual system of Ibn Sīnā and al-Fārābī. Happiness in Ibn Sīnā and al-Fārābī's thought is the same concern of human perfectionism from the beginning of creation, and this has caused these two philosophers to discuss this in their different works, and both philosophers do not know human happiness as anything other than reaching God and His pleasure.
K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari’s view on Walāya (Sainthood) in Sufism
Authors: Ihsan Nur Hadi , Mudin Moh. Isom , Suntoro Adib Fattah
Published: February 2022

This paper examines K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari's concept of walāya (sainthood) by directly exploring his works such as Al-Durar al-Muntaṭirah fī Masā'il al-Tis'a 'Asharah, Ādāb Al-Ālim Wa Al-Muta’alim, and Tamyīz al-Haqq min al-Bāṭil. The reason for writing his books on Sufism is the phenomena of misunderstandings and deviations in the teachings of Sufism, especially among tarekat groups. This article is library-based research and the data are collected by applying documentary techniques; referring to books, journal articles, and other published materials. The data were then analyzed using the descriptive-analytical method. This study reveals that the concept of sainthood of K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari was influenced by the views of classical Sufis, among others, is al-Qusyairi. Generally, his understanding is similar to those of authoritative Sufis. According to him, walī is a person very close to God and he is protected from doing immoral acts. For that matter, a person who ignores the Shari'a (Islamic law) is not walī. In fact, a true walī will not reveal himself to be a walī, even if he knows.
Divine Testing and the Covid Pandemic: Searching for Hope in Sufi Commentaries
Authors: Riddell Peter G
Published: February 2022

The Qur’an carries many references to the created world being subjected to divine testing. It, therefore, seems obvious to ask whether the COVID pandemic that has caused so much suffering across the world and continues to ravage communities represents a test by God for faithful believers. Tests can be daunting experiences, causing apprehension and fear. To what extent should faithful believers regard the COVID pandemic as a fearful, traumatic experience? On the other hand, how can believers find ways to focus on a sense of hope in the midst of the current troubles? This paper will initially consider a range of responses to the COVID pandemic by religious leaders and commentators. It will then draw out Qur’an verses referred to in these responses and will engage with these verses through the lens of several Sufi commentaries, in a search for layered meanings below a surface reading of the verses concerned.
Abu Nu‛aym Al-Iṣfahānī (d. 430/1038): Conflicting Opinions
Authors: Al-Kaisi Meis
Published: February 2022

Abu Nu‛aym al-Iṣfahānī (d. 430/1038) is a renowned figure with a glorious reputation. He is known as a hadith traditionist, historiographer, advocate of Sufism, and author of many works, the most celebrated of which is Ḥilyat al-awliyā’ wa-ṭabaqāt al-aṣfiyā’. Nonetheless, despite his glorious reputation, some scholars have criticized him and his renowned Ḥilya. Scholarship, in its turn, both classical and modern, has served Abu Nu‛aym no justice. Classical Arabic literature presents some information about his life and works in scattered short biographical entries. Modern scholarship has even less to offer in this regard. None of the existent sources presents a single biography that delivers a precise examination of Abu Nu‛aym’s status treating the opinions of both supporters and critics. This paper evaluates the conflicting opinions. It puts the puzzle pieces together to deliver a focused study of particular biographical details in Abu Nu‛aym’s life that examine the praise he has received from his proponents as well as the criticism from his opponents. This paper is the result of a project that assessed every available biographical entry on Abu Nu‛aym in both classical and modern literature to determine the different opinions on the scholar concerned. It delivers a list of all the literature that has a biographical mention of Abu Nu‛aym and that which has been examined for this study. This paper reveals that information about Abu Nu‛aym in primarily classical sources proved that criticism may be biased and religio-politically driven.
Role of the Sūfis During the Pandemic in a Society: COVID-19 in Nigeria as a Case Study
Authors: Solagberu Abdur-Razzaq Mustapha Balogun
Published: February 2022

COVID – 19 is the code given to an infectious disease called Coronavirus. It was on 31st December 2019 that World Health Organization (WHO) was kept informed of its discovery. It was speculated that the disease was first discovered in the Republic of China. It then spread from there to other countries of the world, including Nigeria. Multiple efforts were put in place in an attempt to halt its spread in the country, i.e., Nigeria. One of such was to lockdown the country. The pandemic and lockdown had various effects on society and its people in multiple ways. As a result, people found themselves in a state of frustration and anxiety, looking forward to a remedy and solution. This paper, therefore, determines to examine the role of the Sūfis during this kind of situation with the hope of bringing the role of the Sūfis into the limelight and to put it on record the Sūfi resilience and effort on the spiritual being of the Sūfi adherents at a particular time. The method adopted in this research is based on the interpretative approach in line with the disciplines of Islamic Studies, especially Sufism and history.  The main result of the study reveals that the pandemic has both positive and negative effects on people generally. Finally, through its teachings, Sufism provides resilience to the public, especially its adherents.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DALAM KULTUR SEKOLAH DEMOKRATIS: POTENSI MEMBUMIKAN DERADIKALISASI AGAMA DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Jannet Herly
Published: February 2022

This study aimed in general to determine and describe the religious education in a democratic school culture is one of potential strategies in disseminating religious de-radicalization in schools. Applying qualitative naturalistic approach with case study, this study focused the location in Christian High School Urimessing Ambon. The object of this research was the all democratic phenomena found in the process of teaching and learning of Christian education. The results of this study can be described as follows: religious education in a democratic school culture has the potential to disseminate de-radicalization because the learning process optimized the attitude of critical thinking on freedom, independence, and accountability that were assumed to build the belief, attitude and norm of student to: (1) deepen and believe their own religious teachings; (2) commit to transform their religious teacgings in their daily life, both individually and socially; and (3) be­come the real who got off from violence and anarchy in realizing their objectives.***Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan Pendidikan Agama dalam kultur sekolah demokratis sebagai salah satu strategi membumikan deradikalisasi agama di sekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuali­tatif naturalistik dengan strategi studi kasus dan mengambil tempat penelitian di SMA Kristen Urimessing Ambon. Objek penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan gejala demokratis dalam proses belajar mengajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Hasil pe­nelitian dapat dideskripsikan sebagai berikut, Pendidikan Agama dalam kultur sekolah demokratis berpotensi membumikan deradikalisasi, karena dalam pro­ses belajar mengajar mengoptimalkan sikap kebebasan berpikir kritis, ke­mandiri­an, dan akuntabilitas sehingga dapat membentuk keyakinan, sikap dan nor­ma pe­serta didik untuk: (1) mendalami dan meyakini ajaran agamanya sendiri; (2) ber­komitmen mentransformasikan ajar­an agamanya secara baik dalam ke­hidupan pribadi maupun sosial ber­masyarakat; dan (3) memberi teladan secara konkret tidak terjebak menggunakan kekerasan dan anarkisme dalam mewujudkan keinginan.
Socialization of one million houses subsidy program policy in Indonesia
Authors: Syukry Anneke Nurdiani , Aras Muhammad , Mani La , Maryano Rahajeng Angelita , Dewindaru Deanda
Published: February 2022

Housing financial issue is very complex. Therefore, the socialization of the subsidized housing program is carried out to all stakeholders involved in the housing sector, whether from the central government, the private sector, and the community aiming to encourage them to build houses together, particularly for the low-income people (MBR). In this case, due to the high demand for housing, further encouragement and innovation are needed from the One Million Subsidized Housing Program in Indonesia. This qualitative research was conducted to investigate how the socialization of subsidized housing program policies in Indonesia was conducted through a case study in the Subsidized Housing of Villa Mutiara 2, Sumedang Regency, West Java. This financially subsidized housing was implemented both in the form of down payment subsidies and/or interest differences as well as the provision of long-term low-cost funds for low-income people. Based on the results of research that have been carried out, the overall policy of the one million subsidized housing program in Indonesia can reach low-income communities. In this case, the public communication performed by the central government for the subsidized housing program was done by launching applications and socialization through printed media, electronic media, social media, etc.
Zaburzenia odżywiania się – częsty problem współczesnej młodzieży
Authors: Kochman Dorota , Jaszczak Marzena
Published: February 2022

Wstęp. Zaburzenia odżywiania się stanowią bardzo ważny problem zdrowotny XXI wieku zarówno w Polsce jak i na świecie. Dotyczy on przede wszystkim dziewcząt w wieku dojrzewania oraz młodych kobiet, jednakże coraz częściej także chłopcy cierpią na zaburzenia odżywiania. Grupa ta, pod względem tworzenia własnych postaw żywieniowych, charakteryzuje się wysoką podatnością za wpływ społeczno-kulturowy i rodzinny.

Cel. Celem pracy jest analiza wybranych zaburzeń odżywiania w światle literatury przedmiotu.

Materiał i metody. W pracy dokonano przeglądu literatury poświęconej zaburzeniom odżywiania.

Przegląd. Zaburzenia odżywiania definiowane są jako szkodliwy dla jednostki sposób odżywiania przejawiający się niewłaściwymi zachowaniami w aspekcie ilości, sposobu, częstości jedzenia posiłków, a także jakości potraw oraz towarzyszących emocji. Na występowanie zaburzeń odżywiania się ma wpływ szereg czynników. Nigdy nie należy kończyć leczenia na etapie pomocy w objawach somatycznych.

Wnioski. Niewątpliwie bardzo ważna jest rola pielęgniarki w opiece nad osobą z zaburzeniami odżywiania i profilaktyce tych stanów.
Information and Communications Technology Challenges as Instructional Media in Gambia Vocational High Schools
Authors: Suso Manding , Djatmiko Istanto Wahyu , Romadhon Muhammad Imron , Jobarteh Bubacarr
Published: February 2022

This study explores Information and Communications Technology (ICT) challenges for instructional media at five different Vocational High Schools in the Gambia. Three aspects of data were measured: computer knowledge, internet facilities, and instructional media. The method used in this study involved descriptive research. Data collection methods included closed-ended questioners. The population consists of 164 students from grade 10 class, 50 students from Saamasang, 25 students from Bottrop, 25 from John Pickering, 32 students from St. peter’s, and 32 students from Mingdaw.  SPSS 22 software was used to manage the gathered data. The data analysis technique was a descriptive and correlation analysis statistic. Correlation analysis serves to find out whether each school has the same challenges of ICT. Findings revealed that computer knowledge, internet facilities, and instructional media pose the highest challenges. This study concluded that the teachers have an excellent chance to improve applied ICT for enhancing quality learning in the Gambia.
A Takagi-Sugeno model approach for robust fuzzy control design for trajectory tracking of non-linear systems
Authors:   College of Engineering, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia, et al. Alkaik
Published: February 2022

This article investigates the robust fuzzy tracking control design for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems using the Takagi–Sugeno (TS) fuzzy models. The main purpose of this study is to design state feedback and observer-based controllers such that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Based on the Lyapunov theory, sufficient conditions are derived such that the closed-loop system is robustly stable. The linear matrix inequality LMI approach is used to obtain the state-feedback and observer gains. The effectiveness of the proposed design approach is provided via numerical simulations for a pendulum system.
Dissimilarity in the Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions of Haplophyllum spp. Founded in Ashdagh Mountain, Sangaw, Kurdistan of Iraq
Authors: Khalil Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

Studying and understanding the changes in the molecular sequences of plants are important to better identification and classifying the species. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions are consider an informative genetic sequence to find out the variation among species of the same genus. In this study, ITS regions of Haplophyllum collected in Ashdagh Mountain were amplified, analyzed, and compared with reference species gathered from gene bank. The results showed that the collected species was closely related to Haplophyllum blanchei and Haplophyllum tuberculatum. In addition, there were differences in the number of the base pairs in the ITS1 region between Haplophyllum sp. and H. blanchei and H. tuberculatum. The transition to transversion ratio between Haplophyllum sp. and H. tuberculatum was lower (=1) than with other species. The results reveals that the studied plant is could be a new species in Iraq. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first molecular taxonomic study done to identify Haplophyllum species in Ashdagh mountain in Sangaw/Suleimani.
Pilot Project for a Web-Based Dynamic Nomogram to Predict Survival 1 Year After Hip Fracture Surgery: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: McLeod Graeme , Kennedy Iain , Simpson Eilidh , Joss Judith , Goldmann Katriona
Published: February 2022

Background

Hip fracture is associated with high mortality. Identification of individual risk informs anesthetic and surgical decision-making and can reduce the risk of death. However, interpreting mathematical models and applying them in clinical practice can be difficult. There is a need to simplify risk indices for clinicians and laypeople alike.

Objective

Our primary objective was to develop a web-based nomogram for prediction of survival up to 365 days after hip fracture surgery.

Methods

We collected data from 329 patients. Our variables included sex; age; BMI; white cell count; levels of lactate, creatinine, hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein; physical status according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System; socioeconomic status; duration of surgery; total time in the operating room; side of surgery; and procedure urgency. Thereafter, we internally calibrated and validated a Cox proportional hazards model of survival 365 days after hip fracture surgery; logistic regression models of survival 30, 120, and 365 days after surgery; and a binomial model. To present the models on a laptop, tablet, or mobile phone in a user-friendly way, we built an app using Shiny (RStudio). The app showed a drop-down box for model selection and horizontal sliders for data entry, model summaries, and prediction and survival plots. A slider represented patient follow-up over 365 days.

Results

Of the 329 patients, 24 (7.3%) died within 30 days of surgery, 65 (19.8%) within 120 days, and 94 (28.6%) within 365 days. In all models, the independent predictors of mortality were age, BMI, creatinine level, and lactate level. The logistic model also incorporated white cell count as a predictor. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that mortality differed as follows: age 80 vs 60 years had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.6 (95% CI 0.3-1.1), a plasma lactate level of 2 vs 1 mmol/L had an HR of 2.4 (95% CI 1.5-3.9), and a plasma creatinine level of 60 vs 90 mol/L had an HR of 2.3 (95% CI 1.3-3.9).

Conclusions

In conclusion, we provide an easy-to-read web-based nomogram that predicts survival up to 365 days after hip fracture. The Cox proportional hazards model and logistic models showed good discrimination, with concordance index values of 0.732 and 0.781, respectively.
The Challenge of Debunking Health Misinformation in Dynamic Social Media Conversations: Online Randomized Study of Public Masking During COVID-19
Authors: Mourali Mehdi , Drake Carly
Published: February 2022

Background

The spread of false and misleading health information on social media can cause individual and social harm. Research on debunking has shown that properly designed corrections can mitigate the impact of misinformation, but little is known about the impact of correction in the context of prolonged social media debates. For example, when a social media user takes to Facebook to make a false claim about a health-related practice and a health expert subsequently refutes the claim, the conversation rarely ends there. Often, the social media user proceeds by rebuking the critic and doubling down on the claim.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of such extended back and forth between false claims and debunking attempts on observers’ dispositions toward behavior that science favors. We tested competing predictions about the effect of extended exposure on people’s attitudes and intentions toward masking in public during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and explored several psychological processes potentially underlying this effect.

Methods

A total of 500 US residents took part in an online experiment in October 2020. They reported on their attitudes and intentions toward wearing masks in public. They were then randomly assigned to one of four social media exposure conditions (misinformation only vs misinformation+correction vs misinformation+correction+rebuke vs misinformation+correction+rebuke+second correction), and reported their attitudes and intentions for a second time. They also indicated whether they would consider sharing the thread if they were to see it on social media and answered questions on potential mediators and covariates.

Results

Exposure to misinformation had a negative impact on attitudes and intentions toward masking (β=–.35, 95% CI –.42 to –.29; P<.001). Moreover, initial debunking of a false claim generally improved attitudes and intentions toward masking (β=.35, 95% CI .16 to .54; P<.001). However, this improvement was washed out by further exposure to false claims and debunking attempts (β=–.53, 95% CI –.72 to –.34; P<.001). The latter result is partially explained by a decrease in the perceived objectivity of truth. That is, extended exposure to false claims and debunking attempts appear to weaken the belief that there is an objectively correct answer to how people ought to behave in this situation, which in turn leads to less positive reactions toward masking as the prescribed behavior.

Conclusions

Health professionals and science advocates face an underappreciated challenge in attempting to debunk misinformation on social media. Although engaging in extended debates with science deniers and other purveyors of bunk appears necessary, more research is needed to address the unintended consequences of such engagement.
Pandemic-Related Impairment in the Monitoring of Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes and the Development of a Digital Solution for the Community Health Worker: Quasiexperimental and Implementation Study
Authors: Cimini Christiane Correa Rodrigues , Maia Junia Xavier , Pires Magda Carvalho , Ribeiro Leonardo Bonisson , Pinto Vânia Soares de Oliveira e Almeida , Batchelor James , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Marcolino Milena Soriano
Published: February 2022

Background

The restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic reduced health service access by patients with chronic diseases. The discontinuity of care is a cause of great concern, mainly in vulnerable regions.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) regarding the frequency of consultations and whether their disease was kept under control. The study also aimed to develop and implement a digital solution to improve monitoring at home.

Methods

This is a multimethodological study. A quasiexperimental evaluation assessed the impact of the pandemic on the frequency of consultations and control of patients with hypertension and DM in 34 primary health care centers in 10 municipalities. Then, an implementation study developed an app with a decision support system (DSS) for community health workers (CHWs) to identify and address at-risk patients with uncontrolled hypertension or DM. An expert panel assessment evaluated feasibility, usability, and utility of the software.

Results

Of 5070 patients, 4810 (94.87%) had hypertension, 1371 (27.04%) had DM, and 1111 (21.91%) had both diseases. There was a significant reduction in the weekly number of consultations (107, IQR 60.0-153.0 before vs 20.0, IQR 7.0-29.0 after social restriction; P<.001). Only 15.23% (772/5070) of all patients returned for a consultation during the pandemic. Individuals with hypertension had lower systolic (120.0, IQR 120.0-140.0 mm Hg) and diastolic (80.0, IQR 80.0-80.0 mm Hg) blood pressure than those who did not return (130.0, IQR 120.0-140.0 mm Hg and 80.0, IQR 80.0-90.0 mm Hg, respectively; P<.001). Also, those who returned had a higher proportion of controlled hypertension (64.3% vs 52.8%). For DM, there were no differences in glycohemoglobin levels. Concerning the DSS, the experts agreed that the CHWs can easily incorporate it into their routines and the app can identify patients at risk and improve treatment.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant drop in the number of consultations for patients with hypertension and DM in primary care. A DSS for CHW has proved to be feasible, useful, and easily incorporated into their routines.
Early Prediction of Functional Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Unstructured Clinical Text: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sung Sheng-Feng , Hsieh Cheng-Yang , Hu Ya-Han
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Several prognostic scores have been proposed to predict functional outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Most of these scores are based on structured information and have been used to develop prediction models via the logistic regression method. With the increased use of electronic health records and the progress in computational power, data-driven predictive modeling by using machine learning techniques is gaining popularity in clinical decision-making.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate whether machine learning models created by using unstructured text could improve the prediction of functional outcomes at an early stage after AIS.

METHODS

We identified all consecutive patients who were hospitalized for the first time for AIS from October 2007 to December 2019 by using a hospital stroke registry. The study population was randomly split into a training (n=2885) and test set (n=962). Free text in histories of present illness and computed tomography reports was transformed into input variables via natural language processing. Models were trained by using the extreme gradient boosting technique to predict a poor functional outcome at 90 days poststroke. Model performance on the test set was evaluated by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

RESULTS

The AUCs of text-only models ranged from 0.768 to 0.807 and were comparable to that of the model using National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (0.811). Models using both patient age and text achieved AUCs of 0.823 and 0.825, which were similar to those of the model containing age and NIHSS scores (0.841); the model containing preadmission comorbidities, level of consciousness, age, and neurological deficit (PLAN) scores (0.837); and the model containing Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne (ASTRAL) scores (0.840). Adding variables from clinical text improved the predictive performance of the model containing age and NIHSS scores, the model containing PLAN scores, and the model containing ASTRAL scores (the AUC increased from 0.841 to 0.861, from 0.837 to 0.856, and from 0.840 to 0.860, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Unstructured clinical text can be used to improve the performance of existing models for predicting poststroke functional outcomes. However, considering the different terminologies that are used across health systems, each individual health system may consider using the proposed methods to develop and validate its own models.
Peer-to-peer online video feedback with pedagogical activity improves the snatch learning during the COVID-19 induced confinement in young weightlifting athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Souissi Mohamed Abdelkader , Kammoun Mohamed Moncef , Trabelsi Omar , Souissi Olfa , Souissi Hichem , Chikh Soufien , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Souissi Nizar
Published: February 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The lack of training caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could have significant consequences for the performance and health of athletes. The aim of the present study was to test the effects of two innovative distance education methods on improving motor skills in weightlifting. We randomized 35 children (aged 10 to 12) in groups of peer-to-peer online video feedback with a pedagogical activity (P-VF -PA), Peer-to-peer online video feedback only (P-VF) and control group (CONT). Learners underwent test sessions one week before (T0) and one day after (T1) a eight-session training intervention and a retention test session a week later (T2). The Kinovea software was used to measure the kinematic parameters of the snatch performance. After the distance learning sessions, data showed that the P-VF- PA group achieved a greater improvement in most kinematic parameters when compared to the P-VF and Control groups, and the advantages derived from its application were still present in the retention test (e.g., The difference between the right side and left side distances of the bar trajectory Diff-Tr [T1 vs. T0: 42.32±41.33%, d=1.16, p<0.01; T2 vs. T0: 37.82±37.57%, d=1.07, p <0.05]. Results proved that P-VF -PA is an effective method for rapidly improving distance motor performance and technical knowledge in the school teaching setting.
Emergency Telemedicine Mobile Ultrasounds Using a 5G-Enabled Application: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Berlet Maximilian , Vogel Thomas , Gharba Mohamed , Eichinger Joseph , Schulz Egon , Friess Helmut , Wilhelm Dirk , Ostler Daniel , Kranzfelder Michael
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Digitalization affects almost every aspect of modern daily life, including a growing number of health care services along with telemedicine applications. Fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology has the potential to meet the requirements for this digitalized future with high bandwidths (10 GB/s), low latency (<1 ms), and high quality of service, enabling wireless real-time data transmission in telemedical emergency health care applications.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is the development and clinical evaluation of a 5G usability test framework enabling preclinical diagnostics with mobile ultrasound using 5G network technology.

METHODS

A bidirectional audio-video data transmission between the ambulance car and hospital was established, combining both 5G-radio and -core network parts. Besides technical performance evaluations, a medical assessment of transferred ultrasound image quality and transmission latency was examined.

RESULTS

Telemedical and clinical application properties of the ultrasound probe were rated 1 (very good) to 2 (good; on a 6 -point Likert scale rated by 20 survey participants). The 5G field test revealed an average end-to-end round trip latency of 10 milliseconds. The measured average throughput for the ultrasound image traffic was 4 Mbps and for the video stream 12 Mbps. Traffic saturation revealed a lower video quality and a slower video stream. Without core slicing, the throughput for the video application was reduced to 8 Mbps. The deployment of core network slicing facilitated quality and latency recovery.

CONCLUSIONS

Bidirectional data transmission between ambulance car and remote hospital site was successfully established through the 5G network, facilitating sending/receiving data and measurements from both applications (ultrasound unit and video streaming). Core slicing was implemented for a better user experience. Clinical evaluation of the telemedical transmission and applicability of the ultrasound probe was consistently positive.
Transdiagnostic Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Postpartum Anxiety and Depression: A Pilot Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Suchan Victoria , Peynenburg Vanessa , Thiessen David , Nugent Marcie , Dear Blake , Titov Nick , Hadjistavropoulos Heather
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum anxiety (PPA) are often comorbid and associated with significant personal and economic costs. Fewer than half of mothers experiencing PPD or PPA receive face-to-face treatment, suggesting a need for alternative delivery formats such as internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT).

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the pilot study was to examine the impact of a therapist-assisted, transdiagnostic ICBT program on PPD and PPA, as there is only one previous study on transdiagnostic ICBT with this population and the study did notinclude therapist assistance.

METHODS

Clients endorsing symptoms of PPD/PPA (N = 63) were randomized to an 8-week transdiagnostic ICBT course (Wellbeing Course for New Moms) or to treatment-as-usual (TAU). Clients completed measures of depression, anxiety, stress, postnatal bonding, and relationship satisfaction at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1-month follow-up, as well as measures of treatment satisfaction and therapeutic alliance. Outcome measures were also completed at 6-month follow-up for clients who completed ICBT.

RESULTS

Both the ICBT and TAU groups experienced statistically significant improvements over time. The ICBT group experienced larger improvements at post-treatment and 1-month follow-up on more measures than TAU, with medium between-group Cohen’s d effects on primary outcome measures for anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.13, 1.17), postpartum depression (Cohen’s d = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.01, 1.04), and depression (Cohen’s d = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.08), and on secondary outcome measures of overall distress (Cohen’s d = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.17, 1.21), anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.11), and stress (Cohen’s d = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.23, 1.28). Time-by-group interactions for proportional reductions between groups over time were only significant at post-treatment and 1-month follow-up for the primary anxiety measure (p = .006). The study was underpowered for detecting small or medium effects. Overall, clients perceived the treatment as credible and 95% of clients (21/22) were satisfied with treatment content and therapist support.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this pilot study provide preliminary support for transdiagnostic ICBT in treating PPD/PPA to improve access to psychological treatments.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04012580
Digital phenotyping for differential diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode: A literature review (Preprint)
Authors: Ettore Eric , Mueller Philipp , Hinze Jonas , Benoit Michel , Giordana Bruno , Postin Danilo , Lecomte Amandine , Lindsay Hali , Robert Philippe , König Alexandra
Published: February 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Major depressive episode (MDE) is a common clinical syndrome. It can be found in different pathologies such as mood depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or even occur in a context of psychotrauma. However, only one syndrome is described in international classifications (DSM 5/ICD 11) which do not take into account the underlying pathology at the origin of the MDE. Clinical interviews are currently the best source of information to obtain the etiological diagnosis of MDE. Nevertheless, it does not allow an early diagnosis and there are no objective measures of extracted clinical information. To remedy this, the use of digital tools and their correlation with clinical symptomatology seems promising.
We review the state of the art on the use of digital tools during clinical interviews for etiological diagnosis of MDE. For this purpose, we were interested in four frequently found clinical conditions in which MDE can occur: MDD, BD, PTSD and/or trauma investigated by the means of automated voice analysis, behaviour analysis by video and physiological measures by heart rate variability (HRV) and electrodermal activity (EDA). This paper gives a detailed overview of studies on different digital markers associated with MDE which could be useful for differential diagnosis.
A digital phenotype of MDE seem to emerge consisting of modifications in speech features (namely temporal, prosodic, spectral, sources, formants and in speech content), modifications in nonverbal behaviour (Head, hand, body and eyes movement, facial expressivity and gaze) and a decrease in physiological measurements (HRV and EDA).
We found similarities but also differences when MDE occur in MDD, BD or PTSD.
However, comparative studies were rare in BD or PTSD conditions which do not allow us to identify clear and distinct digital phenotypes.
Our search identifies markers from several modalities that hold promise for an objective etiological diagnosis of MDE. To validate their potential, further longitudinal and prospective studies are needed.
The Effectiveness of Self-Studying Strategy in Language Learning
Authors: Salihoglu Sukru Yigit
Published: February 2022

Learning essentially relies on the style of technique used in a context. Today’s learners mostly prefer to process on their own thanks to the development on the technology and rising trend of accessible sources all around the world and it paves the way for more effective self-education which can be more practical in the age we live in. It is primarily the aim of this paper to examine the dimensions of self-studying and how it can support students’ modern needs and its effectiveness considered the pros it may consists, especially in higher education. Additionally, it also presents some suggestions about how we facilitate the self-study in learning
A Short History of the Development of Space Physics Based on Studies of Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Akasofu Syun-Ichi
Published: February 2022

Space physics is one of the rapidly developing scientific fields, covering space from the sun to a distance of about 100 times between the sun and the earth, the region called the heliosphere. It includes parts of solar physics, geomagnetism (a study of geomagnetic storms), ionospheric physics, auroral physics, cosmic ray physics and planetary physics. The rapid progress in space physics owes a long history of debates and controversies among these sub-fields, as well as the advent of satellites and space probs, which began during the 1960s. A study of geomagnetic storms has an interesting development preceding space physics, so that it may be worthwhile to study history of space physics by following the development of the history of geomagnetic storms. The author has joined in space physics in its earliest days.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Medical Tourism
Authors: Vizgan Gabriel , Skorokhod Yelizabeta
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The 2020 novel Covid-19 variant is believed to have first infected humans in Wuhan, China (Shereen, 2019), has since spread globally, and was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020. A survey by Research Dive (2020) explored the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the global medical tourism market. The results found that the pre-pandemic compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) was projected at 12.4% globally but declined to 8.6% in 2020. Tatum (2020) further reports that the global medical tourism market would likely continue to decline until the end of 2021 siting statistics regarding one of the hospitals in Thailand where the projected number of medical tourists is expected to decline by 28% because of the pandemic. The medical tourism industry has indeed experienced significant adverse effects and its recovery could take up to three years to reach the pre-pandemic levels. However, for the industry to effectively and sustainably recover, countries must employ integrated marketing strategies of not only enhancing their image but also assuring the medical tourists of safety their country.
The Advantages of Using Rotating Machines on the Transport of Fluids in Building Installations
Authors: FICHER-SZAVA Gabriel
Published: February 2022

Abstract: A new construction solution for a rotating machine with two profiled rotors that can carry clean or polyphase fluids (water + ash, water + sand, etc.) is presented. The operating principle is stated and the flow rate, the drive power and actual efficiency of this machine shall be determined. Keywords: rotating volumetric pump, profiled rotors, effective efficiency
Synthesis and the Study of Mechanism of Perovskite Formation of Pb (Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 Ceramics
Authors: Rathod V.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Lead iron neobatePb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 ceramics were prepared by using B-site precursor method. The formation of perovskite phase and microstructure are reported. The formation of B-site precursor and perovskite formation mechanism were studied by using X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. Keywords: B-site precursor, pyrochlore, perovskite phase, PFN Ceramic
Smart Helmet for Bike Riders Safety
Authors: Basha S. Shafiulla
Published: February 2022

Abstract: With the growing number of 2-wheel motor vehicles, the frequency of accidents is on the rise. A major portion of the fatalities occur because the person was either not wearing a helmet, or his accident was not reported in time, and he could not be saved because of the delayed admittance to a hospital, or because he was riding while drunk. For this purpose, we use onboard sensors – gas Sensor, mems sensor. The accelerometer measures the change in tilt, in X Y and Z axes respectively, and sends the data to a server via an online application programming interface (API). The breath analyzer senses the amount of alcohol present in the breath of a person wearing the helmet and reports if it is beyond the legal limit. This can help optimize accident detection in the future when enough data is gathered to provide reliable accuracy. This will ensure the holistic safety of the rider at all times. This project presents an alert of the accident detection techniques by using smart helmet detection. Keywords: Alcohol detection, Helmet Detection, Arduino development board, MQ-2 Alcohol sensor, GSM, GPS, Accident detection
Identification of quantum scars via phase-space localization measures
Authors: Pilatowsky-Cameo Saúl , Villaseñor David , Bastarrachea-Magnani Miguel A. , Lerma-Hernández Sergio , F. Santos Lea , Hirsch Jorge G.
Published: February 2022

There is no unique way to quantify the degree of delocalization of quantum states in unbounded continuous spaces. In this work, we explore a recently introduced localization measure that quantifies the portion of the classical phase space occupied by a quantum state. The measure is based on the α-moments of the Husimi function and is known as the Rényi occupation of order α. With this quantity and random pure states, we find a general expression to identify states that are maximally delocalized in phase space. Using this expression and the Dicke model, which is an interacting spin-boson model with an unbounded four-dimensional phase space, we show that the Rényi occupations with α>1 are highly effective at revealing quantum scars. Furthermore, by analyzing the high moments (α>1) of the Husimi function, we are able to identify qualitatively and quantitatively the unstable periodic orbits that scar some of the eigenstates of the model.