bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Vicissitudes of a Training Therapy
Authors: Gerrard Jackie
Published: February 2020

The author has given an account of a training therapy with a patient who had a very tenuous start in life, having spent three months in an incubator in a neonatal unit, where she suffered life‐threatening conditions and complications. Various difficulties, which can be particularly relevant to a training therapy, are described – in particular narcissistic issues on the part of the therapist, such as the wish for the trainee's success and the consequent pride in what can feel like a joint achievement. However, issues of identification and envy can also be very relevant to this particular work and some clinical examples have been cited. Furthermore, the author has highlighted the particular difficulties of publishing clinical material regarding patients, especially so with reference to training patients, where ethical issues require special consideration. The purpose of this paper lies in an effort to identify the rewards and pitfalls of working intensively with a trainee who is undergoing a psycho‐dynamically based training. It also explores the complexities in publication, even when the patient specifically requests to be written about.
Extractive Relations: Natural Resource Use, Indigenous Peoples and Environmental Protection in Peru
Authors: Killick Evan
Published: February 2020

Through ethnography of Ashaninka communities' involvement in timber extraction in Peruvian Amazonia and an engagement with recent discussions around Buen Vivir the article interrogates the common association between indigenous notions of ‘living well’ and environmental protection. A key insight is that Ashaninka individuals emphasise everyday well‐being and equality over the preservation of their surroundings. Older critiques of extractivism are used to show the recent advent of environmentalist discourses and highlight issues connected with emphasising ontological difference. The article concludes that Buen Vivir would be better framed as a desire, and right, to self‐determination rather than being associated with specific behaviours.
Bronchospasmolytic activity and adenosine receptor binding of some newer 1,3‐dipropyl‐8‐phenyl substituted xanthine derivatives
Authors: Gumber Divya , Yadav Divya , Yadav Rakesh , Kachler Sonja , Klotz Karl Norbert
Published: February 2020

The aldehyde derivatives of 1,3‐dipropyl xanthines as described in this paper, constitutes a new series of selective adenosine ligands displaying bronchospasmolytic activity. The effect of substitution at third‐ and fourth‐position of 8‐phenyl xanthine has also been taken into consideration. The synthesized compounds showed varying binding affinities at different adenosine receptor subtypes (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3) and also good in vivo bronchospasmolytic activity against histamine aerosol‐induced asthma in guinea pigs. Most of the compounds showed maximum affinity toward the A2A receptor subtype. The monosubstituted 3‐aminoalkoxyl 8‐phenyl xanthine with a aminodiethyl moiety (compound 12e) was found to be most potent A2Aadenosine receptor ligand (Ki = 0.036 µM) followed by disubstituted 4‐aminoalkoxyl‐3‐methoxy‐8‐phenyl xanthine (Ki = 0.050 µM) (compound 10a).
Bank intermediation activity in a low‐interest‐rate environment
Authors: Brei Michael , Borio Claudio , Gambacorta Leonardo
Published: February 2020

This paper investigates how a prolonged period of low‐interest rates affects bank intermediation activity. We use data for 113 large international banks headquartered in 14 major advanced economies during the period 1994–2015. We find that low‐interest rates induce banks to shift their activities from interest‐generating to fee‐related and trading activities. This rebalancing is stronger for low capitalised banks. Banks also moderately adjust their funding structure, away from short‐term market funding towards deposits. We observe a concomitant decline in the risk‐weighted asset ratio and a reduction in loan‐loss provisions, which is consistent with signs of evergreening.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Triggered by Typhoon Hagibis in 2019: Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Kato Yuji , Fujita Shugo , Osada Takashi , Takahashi Shinichi , Takao Masaki
Published: February 2020

Although reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a relatively rare condition, we encountered 2 consecutive patients with RCVS during Typhoon Hagibis in 2019. The first patient developed headache when the atmospheric pressure rapidly fell, and the second patient developed headache when the atmospheric pressure rapidly rose. Extreme atmospheric pressure fluctuations might induce neuronal activity in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis and sympathetic activation. Our experience with these 2 patients indicates the importance of magnetic resonance angiography for individuals with thunderclap headache during a typhoon.
Managing difficult catheterisation in nurse‐led catheterisation services: Does guidewire‐assisted urethral catheterisation make a difference?
Authors: Dragova Mariya , Bamfo Adelaide , Holmes Kevin , Attard Kirk , Frost Anastasia , Mundy Anthony
Published: February 2020

The use of guidewires is well established in medical practice, but relatively new in nurse‐led catheterisation services (NCS). We investigate the incidence of difficult urethral catheterisation and whether guidewire‐assisted catheterisation reduces disrupted patient care. A retrospective Audit (September 2016‐August 2017) recorded incidence and management of difficult catheterisation in two NCS. In NCS‐A, nurses were familiar with improvised guidewire‐assisted catheterisation, whereas in NCS‐B nurses were not enabled and had to refer patients to urologists when they encountered problems. From September 2017 to August 2018, a National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)‐approved urethral catheterisation device with integrated guidewire (Urethrotech UCD) was used in NCS‐B for difficult urethral catheterisation. User and patient satisfaction was evaluated prospectively. Of 540 men attending NCS‐A for trial without catheter (TWOC), 31% (169/540) were recatheterized, of whom 4%(6/169) required a guidewire‐catheterisation technique to manage difficult catheterisation without problems. This was also done in 45 of 146 men attending for long‐term catheter change with known history of difficult catheter change. Of 1002 men attending NCS‐B for TWOC, 23% (226/1002) were recatheterized. This was difficult in 25% (57/226), of which 40% (23/57) suffered complications with bleeding from repeated catheterisation attempts and 10 men had to be admitted for specialist interventions to manage retention and catheterisation‐associated urethral injury. During the prospective audit, 945 men attended the TWOC‐clinic of NCS‐B. In 11% (13/120), the UCD was used for failed Foley‐catheterisation without complications. Patients and users were very satisfied because the difficult recatheterisation episode was managed successfully without patient harm and care delay. Difficult urethral catheterisation is a frequent occurrence in NCS with significant risk of urethral trauma. Catheterisation‐associated urethral injury can be prevented with guidewire‐assisted urethral catheterisation techniques. The NICE‐approved UCD with integrated guidewire was easy to use with high user and patient satisfaction avoiding patient care delay and is supporting nurses to manage difficult urethral catheterisation safely making efficient use of specialist resources.
Long non‐coding RNA POU6F2‐AS2 promotes cell proliferation and drug resistance in colon cancer by regulating miR‐377/BRD4
Authors: Xu Guangru , Zhu Hongxing , Xu Jinhua , Wang Yan , Zhang Yang , Zhang Minghui , Zhu Dichao
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of lncRNA POU6F2‐AS2 in proliferation and drug resistance of colon cancer. Total paired 70 colon cancer and adjacent normal tissues were collected from colon cancer patients. Colon cancer and normal colonic epithelial cells were purchased. POU6F2‐AS2 was up‐ or down‐expressed by vectors. LC50 of all cell lines before and after transfection with these plasmids was detected. qRT‐PCR was used to detect the expression of POU6F2‐AS2, miR‐377 and BRD4 before or after transfection. In situ hybridization was also undertaken to detect the level of POU6F2‐AS2. Different concentrations of 5‐Fu (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/mL) were used for 5‐FU insensitivity assay. CCK‐8 and crystal violet staining assay were used for detecting cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was used for identifying cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. In order to detect the fragmented DNA in apoptotic cells, TUNEL assay was used. RNA pull‐down assay and luciferase reporter assay were used to verify the binding site. Rescue assay confirmed the subtractive effect of miR‐377 inhibitors. POU6F2‐AS2 was highly expressed in colon cancer, which was associated with clinical pathology. Up‐regulated POU6F2‐AS2 promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle of colon cancer cells. Overexpression of POU6F2‐AS2 inhibited the expression of miR‐377 and then up‐regulated the expression of BRD4. Up‐regulated BRD4 ultimately promoted cell proliferation and cell survival Down‐regulated POU6F2‐AS2 showed enhanced sensitivity of 5‐FU. POU6F2‐AS2 promoted cell proliferation and drug resistance in colon cancer by regulating miR‐377/BRD4 gene.
Targeting STAT3 enhances NDV‐induced immunogenic cell death in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Wang Xueke , Shao Xiaoyan , Gu Linaer , Jiang Ke , Wang Sitong , Chen Jianhua , Fang Juemin , Guo Xianling , Yuan Min , Shi Ji , Ding Chan , Meng Songshu , Xu Qing
Published: February 2020

Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) induces immunogenic cell death (ICD), liberating danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that provokes defiance in neoplastic malignancy. The present study aims to investigate whether and how oncolytic NDV triggers ICD in prostate cancer cells. We show that NDV/FMW, an oncolytic NDV strain FMW, elicited the expression and release of several ICD markers, that is calreticulin (CRT), heat shock proteins (HSP70/90) and high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), in prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, pharmacological repression of apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress exerted diverse effects on the HMGB1 and HSP70/90 evacuation in NDV/FMW‐infected prostate cancer cells. Moreover, ICD markers induced in prostate cancer cells upon NDV/FMW infection, were enhanced by either treatment with a STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) inhibitor or shRNA‐mediated knockdown of STAT3. In nude mice bearing prostate cancer cell‐derived tumours, the tumours injected with the supernatants of NDV/FMW‐infected cells grew smaller than mock‐treated tumours. These results indicate that oncolytic NDV provokes the expression of ICD makers in prostate cancer cells. Our data also suggest that a combination of inhibition of STAT3 with oncolytic NDV could boost NDV‐based anti‐tumour effects against prostate cancer.
Specialized outpatient clinic for deaf and hard‐of‐hearing patients in the Netherlands: Lessons learned in an attempt to improve health care
Authors: Smeijers Anika , van den Bogaerde Beppie , Ens‐Dokkum Martina , Oudesluys‐Murphy Anne Marie
Published: February 2020

Rationale, aims, and objective

A group of organizations and individuals in the Netherlands collaborated to attempt to improve access to health care and health education for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) patients in the country. The outcome was the start of a specialized outpatient clinic named PoliDOSH. An independent research group was set up to evaluate the effect of this specialized clinic. Even though the initiative did not succeed and was closed after 2 years, an extensive analysis of the start‐up and functioning of the whole process was made.

Methods

Structured and nonstructured questionnaires and structured interviews.

Results

Only a small group of DHH patients indicated that they felt a need for consultations at the PoliDOSH. It became clear that to ensure successful functioning of a specialized facility the team members should include a representative group of DHH members. All key functions should be filled by top experts in the relevant fields as well as an expert in communication and needs of the target group.

Conclusions

There is a great need for facilities to collect and disseminate information to and about DHH patients. The information should be aimed at providing psycho‐education for the DHH persons themselves and health care professionals, concerning the specific needs and problems of this patient group. If a similar facility is set up in the future, thorough market research prior to start up is needed to enable the facility to connect with the needs of patients. The start‐up period should allow sufficient time for the project to become known and for patients to become familiar with it and trust it.
Impact of co‐infection with Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Moritella viscosa on inflammatory and immune responses of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Carvalho Laura A. , Whyte Shona K. , Braden Laura M. , Purcell Sara L. , Manning Anthony J. , Muckle Anne , Fast Mark D.
Published: February 2020

This study was conducted to determine the effects of a co‐infection with Moritella viscosa at different exposure levels of sea lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). M. viscosa (1.14 × 106 cfu/ml) was introduced to all experimental tanks at 10 days post‐lice infection (dpLs). Mean lice counts decreased over time in both the medium lice co‐infection (31.5 ± 19.0 at 7 dpLs; 16.9 ± 9.3 at 46 dpLs) and high lice co‐infection (62.0 ± 10.8 at 7 dpLs; 37.6 ± 11.3 at 46 dpLs). There were significantly higher mortalities and more severe skin lesions in the high lice co‐infected group compared to medium lice co‐infected group or M. viscosa‐only infection. Quantitative gene expression analysis detected a significant upregulation of genes in skin from the high lice co‐infection group consistent with severe inflammation (il‐8, mmp‐9, hep, saa). Skin lesions retrieved throughout the study were positive for M. viscosa growth, but these were rarely located in regions associated with lice. These results suggest that while M. viscosa infection itself may induce skin lesion development in salmon, co‐infection with high numbers of lice can enhance this impact and significantly reduce the ability of these lesions to resolve, resulting in increased mortality.
Mineralized Trichobezoars in a Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Wilson Jolaine M , Wallace Chelsea K. , Brice Angela K. , Makaron Leah
Published: February 2020

A five‐year‐old female rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) presented with a thin body condition and multiple palpable mid‐abdominal masses. Mineralized cecal trichobezoars were removed surgically. Thirteen months later, similar masses recurred and were confirmed with radiographs. This is the first case report of a mineralized cecal trichobezoar in a rhesus macaque.
Selective RAR agonists for acne vulgaris: A narrative review
Authors: Kassir Martin , Karagaiah Priyanka , Sonthalia Sidharth , Katsambas Andreas , Galadari Hassan , Gupta Mrinal , Lotti Torello , Wollina Uwe , Abdelmaksoud Ayman , Grabbe Stephan , Goldust Mohamad
Published: February 2020

Background

Acne vulgaris is a chronic disfiguring inflammatory disease of adolescents and adults affecting up to 90% of the population around the world. The sequence of etiopathogenesis in acne is not completely understood but involves abnormalities in sebum production, follicular plugging, proliferation of propionibacterium acnes, and chronic inflammation.

Aims

This review aims to summarize the features of the topical selective RAR agonists in treating acne vulgaris with a special emphasis on the 4th generation topical retinoid trifarotene.

Methods

Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) till August 2019 and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included.

Results

Topical retinoids have been first line of treatment for more than 30 years now in treating mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Third generation retinoids like adapalene and tazarotene are selective RAR and γ agonists, having an additional anti‐inflammatory action along with their comedolytic effects and work well in combinations with topical antibiotics, due to the stability of chemical composition.

Conclusion

Trifarotene is a new 4th generation retinoid with selective action on RAR‐γ receptor alone, which is specific for skin, and it is safe for long‐term maintenance therapy with good efficacy and tolerability.
Strategies for fighting mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Viscomi C. , Zeviani M.
Published: February 2020

Mitochondrial diseases are extremely heterogeneous genetic conditions characterized by faulty oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). OXPHOS deficiency can be the result of mutation in mtDNA genes, encoding either proteins (13 subunits of the mitochondrial complexes I, III, IV and V) or the tRNA and rRNA components of the in situ mtDNA translation. The remaining mitochondrial disease genes are in the nucleus, encoding proteins with a huge variety of functions, from structural subunits of the mitochondrial complexes, to factors involved in their formation and regulation, components of the mtDNA replication and expression machinery, biosynthetic enzymes for the biosynthesis or incorporation of prosthetic groups, components of the mitochondrial quality control and proteostasis, enzymes involved in the clearance of toxic compounds, factors involved in the formation of the lipid milieu, etc. These different functions represent potential targets for ‘general’ therapeutic interventions, as they may be adapted to a number of different mitochondrial conditions. This is in contrast with ‘tailored’, personalized therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, cell therapy and organ replacement, that can be useful only for individual conditions. This review will present the most recent concepts emerged from preclinical work and the attempts to translate them into the clinics. The common notion that mitochondrial disorders have no cure is currently challenged by a massive effort of scientists and clinicians, and we do expect that thanks to this intensive investigation work and tangible results for the development of strategies amenable to the treatment of patients with these tremendously difficult conditions are not so far away.
Can arterial elasticity be estimated from heart rate variability response to paced 0.066 Hz sighing?
Authors: Vaschillo Bronya , Vaschillo Evgeny G.
Published: February 2020

Arterial elasticity is an important indicator of risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is influenced by both gradual vessel wall damage due to aging and disease and vascular tone that responds, at the moment, to system loading. Measuring changes in arterial elasticity are critical to early detection of CVD but can be time and resource intensive. This study proposes and tests a new method to approximate arterial elasticity from heart rate variability (HRV). ECG and pulse were simultaneously recording in 71 young healthy adults during three rhythmical sighing tasks paced at 0.02, 0.033, and 0.066 Hz. We evaluated arterial elasticity by measuring the reaction of pulse transit time (PTT) and RRI to each task specifically at the pacing frequency. The goal of the study was to describe our method, ground the methodology in current theory and mechanisms, and scientifically justify and validate this method by assessing differences in arterial elasticity in groups of healthy adults who differed in drinking behaviors. The amplitude PTT and HR oscillation responses at the pacing frequency were significantly correlated only when sighing was paced at 0.066 Hz. Both amplitudes also significantly correlated with power in the very low‐frequency range of the baseline HRV spectrum. Abnormalities in these measures were observed among binge drinking healthy adults compared to non‐drinkers and social drinkers. These preliminary results support using the HRV response to paced 0.066 Hz sighing as a correlate of arterial elasticity and warrant further study.
In-plane backward and zero group velocity guided modes in rigid and soft strips
Authors: Laurent Jérôme , Royer Daniel , Prada Claire
Published: February 2020

Elastic waves guided along bars of rectangular cross sections exhibit complex dispersion. This paper studies in-plane modes propagating at low frequencies in thin isotropic rectangular waveguides through experiments and numerical simulations. These modes result from the coupling at the edge between the first order shear horizontal mode SH0 of phase velocity equal to the shear velocity VT and the first order symmetrical Lamb mode S0 of phase velocity equal to the plate velocity VP. In the low frequency domain, the dispersion curves of these modes are close to those of Lamb modes propagating in plates of bulk wave velocities VP and VT. The dispersion curves of backward modes and the associated zero group velocity (ZGV) resonances are measured in a metal tape using noncontact laser ultrasonic techniques. Numerical calculations of in-plane modes in a soft ribbon of Poisson's ratio ν≈0.5 confirm that, due to very low shear velocity, backward waves and ZGV modes exist at frequencies that are hundreds of times lower than ZGV resonances in metal tapes of the same geometry. The results are compared to theoretical dispersion curves calculated using the method provided in Krushynska and Meleshko [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129, 1324–1335 (2011)].
Distinct Mechanisms of Dissemination of NDM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase in
Acinetobacter
Species in Argentina
Authors: Adams Mark D. , Pasteran Fernando , Traglia German M. , Martinez Jasmine , Huang Fanny , Liu Christine , Fernandez Jennifer S. , Lopez Carolina , Gonzalez Lisandro J. , Albornoz Ezequiel , Corso Alejandra , Vila Alejandro J. , Bonomo Robert A. , Ramirez Maria Soledad
Published: February 2020

A 4-year surveillance of carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter
spp. isolates in Argentina identified 40 strains carrying
bla
NDM-1
. Genome sequencing revealed that most were
Acinetobacter baumannii
, whereas seven represented other
Acinetobacter
spp. The
A. baumannii
genomes were closely related, suggesting recent spread.
bla
NDM-1
was located in the chromosome of
A. baumannii
strains and on a plasmid in non-
A. baumannii
strains.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Avian Coronavirus
Strain GA08 (GI-27 Lineage)
Authors: Goraichuk Iryna V. , Davis James F. , Kulkarni Arun B. , Afonso Claudio L. , Suarez David L.
Published: February 2020

Avian coronavirus
, also known as infectious bronchitis virus, is a highly contagious respiratory pathogen of chickens that is responsible for major economic losses to the poultry industry around the globe. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain GA08 of the GI-27 lineage, isolated from a fecal sample from a broiler chicken collected in Georgia in 2015.
Neural and clinical changes of cognitive behavioural therapy versus talking control in patients with major depression: a study protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Katayama Nariko , Nakagawa Atsuo , Kurata Chika , Sasaki Yohei , Mitsuda Dai , Nakao Shigetsugu , Mizuno Sayuri , Ozawa Mire , Nakagawa Yuko , Ishikawa Natsumi , Umeda Satoshi , Terasawa Yuri , Tabuchi Hajime , Kikuchi Toshiaki , Abe Takayuki , Mimura Masaru
Published: February 2020

Introduction

While major depression causes substantial distress and impairment for affected individuals and society, the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in treating the condition has been established. However, the therapeutic mechanism underlying the efficacy of CBT remains unknown. This study aimed to describe a protocol for a randomised controlled trial that will measure the CBT-induced clinical and neural changes in patients with non-psychotic major depression.

Methods and analysis

The current study is a 16-week assessor-blinded, randomised, parallel-group trial with a 12-month follow-up as part of usual depression care at an outpatient clinic. Patients aged 20–69 years with major depressive disorder will be randomly assigned to receive either CBT in addition to their usual treatment or talking control in addition to their usual treatment for 16 weeks. The primary outcome is the functional changes in the brain areas that have been associated with future-oriented thinking at 16 weeks; secondary outcomes include changes in functional brain connectivity, severity and changes in the scores of objective and subjective clinical depression symptoms, proportion of responders and remitters and quality of life. The intention-to-treat analysis will be used.

Ethics and dissemination

All protocols and the informed consent form are compliant with the Ethics Guideline for Clinical Research (Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare). Ethical Review Committees at the Keio University School of Medicine have approved the study protocol (version 3, 11 September 2017). We will disseminate research findings to scientific and general audiences through national and international conference presentations as well as lay summaries to the general public, including mental health consumer and publications in international peer-reviewed psychiatry and brain imaging journals.

Trial registration number

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000018155); Pre-results.
Association between false positive glucose challenge test results and large-for-gestational-age infants: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shinohara Satoshi , Amemiya Atsuhito , Takizawa Motoi
Published: February 2020

Objectives

There is no consensus regarding a possible relation between false positive glucose challenge test (GCT) results and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants. This study aimed to clarify the association between false positive GCT results and LGA, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, using a large clinical dataset.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

National Hospital Organisation Kofu National Hospital, which is a community hospital, between January 2012 and August 2019.

Participants

Japanese women who underwent GCT between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation at the hospital were included. After excluding those with gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes in pregnancy and multiple pregnancies, subjects were divided into a false positive GCT group (≥140 mg/dL) and a GCT negative group (<140 mg/dL).

Methods

Obstetric records of patients were examined. The χ2-test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the association between false positive GCT results and LGA.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Incidence of LGA and the association between false positive GCT results and LGA.

Results

The mean subject age was 31.4±5.5 years, with 43.3% nulliparity (n=974) and 2160 (96.1%) term deliveries. The incidence of LGA was 9.4% (211/2248) and 11.4% (257/2248) of the women had false positive GCT results. False positive GCT results were significantly associated with an increased risk of LGA (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.23), after controlling for maternal age, prepregnancy maternal weight, maternal weight gain during pregnancy and parity.

Conclusions

It appears that there is a significant association between false positive GCT results and LGA. Additional research is required to confirm these results and to investigate appropriate interventions for women with abnormal screens for gestational diabetes mellitus.
Impact of comorbidities on peak troponin levels and mortality in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Sundaram Varun , Rothnie Kieran , Bloom Chloe , Zakeri Rosita , Sahadevan Jayakumar , Singh Ajay , Nagai Toshiyuki , Potts James , Wedzicha Jadwiga , Smeeth Liam , Simon Daniel , Timmis Adam , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Quint Jennifer Kathleen
Published: February 2020

Objectives

To characterise peak cardiac troponin levels, in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), according to their comorbid condition and determine the influence of peak cardiac troponin (cTn) levels on mortality.

Methods

We included patients with the first admission for AMI in the UK. We used linear regression to estimate the association between eight common comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, previous angina, peripheral arterial disease, previous myocardial infarction (MI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), cerebrovascular disease, chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) and peak cTn. Peak cTn levels were adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and comorbidities. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were employed to investigate the association between peak cTn and 180-day mortality for each comorbidity.

Results

330 367 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction were identified. Adjusted peak cTn levels were significantly higher in patients with CKD (adjusted % difference in peak cTnT for CKD=42%, 95% CI 13.1 to 78.4) and significantly lower for patients with COPD, previous angina, previous MI and CHF when compared with patients without the respective comorbidities (reference group) (cTnI; COPD=−21.7%, 95% CI −29.1 to −13.4; previous angina=−24.2%, 95% CI −29.6 to −8.3; previous MI=−13.5%, 95% CI −20.6 to −5.9; CHF=−28%, 95% CI −37.2 to −17.6). Risk of 180-day mortality in most of the comorbidities did not change substantially after adjusting for peak cTn. In general, cTnI had a stronger association with mortality than cTnT.

Conclusions

In this nationwide analysis of patients presenting with AMI, comorbidities substantially influenced systemic concentrations of peak cTn. Comorbid illness is a significant predictor of mortality regardless of peak cTn levels and should be taken into consideration while interpreting cTn both as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
Repurposing infectious disease vaccines for intratumoral immunotherapy
Authors: Melero Ignacio , Gato Maria , Shekarian Tala , Aznar Angela , Valsesia-Wittmann Sandrine , Caux Christophe , Etxeberrria Iñaki , Teijeira Alvaro , Marabelle Aurelien
Published: February 2020

Intratumoral delivery of viruses and virus-associated molecular patterns can achieve antitumor effects that are largely mediated by the elicitation or potentiation of immune responses against the malignancy. Attenuated vaccines are approved and marketed as good manufactiring practice (GMP)-manufactured agents whose administration might be able to induce such effects. Recent reports in mouse transplantable tumor models indicate that the rotavirus, influenza and yellow fever vaccines can be especially suitable to elicit powerful antitumor immunity against cancer following intratumoral administration. These results highlight that intratumoral anti-infectious vaccines can turn cold tumors into hot, and underscore the key role played by virus-induced type I interferon pathways to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint-targeted antibodies.
Applicability of Machine Learning Methods on Mobile App Effort Estimation: Validation and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Pandey Mamta , Litoriya Ratnesh , Pandey Prateek
Published: February 2020

Software cost estimation is one of the most crucial tasks in a software development life cycle. Some well-proven methods and techniques have been developed for effort estimation in case of classical software. Mobile applications (apps) are different from conventional software by their nature, size and operational environment; therefore, the established estimation models for traditional desktop or web applications may not be suitable for mobile app development. The objective of this paper is to propose a framework for mobile app project estimation. The research methodology adopted in this work is based on selecting different features of mobile apps from the SAMOA dataset. These features are later used as input vectors to the selected machine learning (ML) techniques. The results of this research experiment are measured in mean absolute residual (MAR). The experimental outcomes are then followed by the proposition of a framework to recommend an ML algorithm as the best match for superior effort estimation of a project in question. This framework uses the Mamdani-type fuzzy inference method to address the ambiguities in the decision-making process. The outcome of this work will particularly help mobile app estimators, development professionals, and industry at large to determine the required efforts in the projects accurately.
CONTROLLING NETWORK DYNAMICS
Authors: LI AMING , LIU YANG-YU
Published: February 2020

Network science has experienced unprecedented rapid development in the past two decades. The network perspective has also been widely applied to explore various complex systems in great depth. In the first decade, fundamental characteristics of complex network structure, such as the small-worldness, scale-freeness, and modularity, of various complex networked systems were harvested from analyzing big empirical data. The associated dynamical processes on complex networks were also heavily studied. In the second decade, more attention was devoted to investigating the control of complex networked systems, ranging from fundamental theories to practical applications. Here we briefly review the recent progress regarding network dynamics and control, mainly concentrating on research questions proposed in the six papers we collected for this topical issue. This review closes with possible research directions along this line, and several important problems to be solved. We expect that, in the near future, network control will play an even bigger role in more fields, helping us understand and control many complex natural and engineered systems.
The biosensing with NV centers in diamond: Related challenges
Authors: Moreva Ekaterina
Published: February 2020

Here, we discussed the current challenges related with the application of Nitrogen-vacancy (NV)-based magnetometers for biological systems. Major constraints for diamond sensor type as optical illumination, microwave field, bias magnetic field, optics, method of photoluminescence detection and sample preparation have been analyzed. Special attention was paid to the estimation of electromagnetic fields in the nervous system. The mechanism of action potential generation and resultant local current flows was discussed, corresponding magnetic field outside an axon was estimated. It was shown that sensitivity of upcoming generation of NV magnetic field sensors may not be enough for the measurement of single neuron action potential, while monitoring electromagnetic signals in brain slices or cardiac tissues seems very promising.
Krein Parameters of Fiber-Commutative Coherent Configurations
Authors: Ito Keiji , Munemasa Akihiro
Published: February 2020

For fiber-commutative coherent configurations, we show that Krein parameters can be defined essentially uniquely. As a consequence, the general Krein condition reduces to positive semidefiniteness of finitely many matrices determined by the parameters of a coherent configuration. We mention its implications in the coherent configuration defined by a generalized quadrangle. We also simplify the absolute bound using the matrices of Krein parameters.
Design and Construction of a Synthetic Riboregulator-Based Platform for Metabolic Shunting of Pathways in Lactococcus lactis
Authors: Srivastava Richa , Muthukrishnan Anantha-Barathi , Jayaraman Guhan
Published: February 2020

Microbial cell factories are subjected to rewiring of basic metabolism to enhance the carbon flux towards the desired product pathway. Conventionally, this metabolic engineering approach often involves over-expression of pathway genes and knocking out genes in the competing pathways. However, these approaches result in severe metabolic burden and eventual poor performance of the cells. Particularly, where biomass formation and product synthesis depend on common precursors, permanent changes like knocking out genes will only result in poor titer. Hence, temporary decoupling of biomass formation and product synthesis is considered to be a potential alternative. In this study, we designed synthetic riboregulators, which are RNA-based genetic switches, to shunt metabolic pathways in Lactococcus lactis bacteria, a GRAS organism employed as a cell factory for many biocompounds. The riboregulators are then subjected to evaluation by tagging the cis-repressive sequence (crRNA) to mCherry, a fluorescent reporter and regulated by the constitutive promoter, [Formula: see text]. The trans-activating RNA (taRNA) that interacts with the crRNA is placed under the control of another inducible promoter, [Formula: see text]. First, we observed that when there is no induction of taRNA, there is negligible fluorescence of mCherry indicating the successful repression of translation by the cis-sequence as expected. This has been further verified by comparing this expression level with the expression level of [Formula: see text]-mCherry without the cis-sequence, using fluorometer. Results from this analysis suggest that there is [Formula: see text]% repression by the designed crRNA sequence. Next, we induced the cells with 2[Formula: see text]ng/mL of nisin in the mid-log phase. Upon induction, there is a maximum of three fold increase in the fluorescence levels when compared to the uninduced cells, suggesting that the trans-activation takes place inside the live cells. However, further studies are necessary to optimize the cis-trans ratio to achieve better dynamic range for expression modulation and time window for operating metabolic shunting of competing pathways successfully in L. lactis.
In-situ XAS Characterization of Nanocrystalline Oxides as Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
Authors: Marshall Aaron , Borresen Borre , Ronning Magnus , Tunold Reidar
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
On the Corrosion Resistance in Aqueous Media of Ball-milled Magnesium
Authors: Grosjean Marie-Helene , Zidoune Moussa , Roue Lionel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Characterization of Lithium Manganese Oxide Cathode for All-Solid-State Lithium Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Moon Hee-Soo , Kim Young-Jae , Kim Myung-Hoon , Park Jong-Wan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Electrochemical Hydriding Behavior of Mg-Pd Thin Films Prepared Pulsed Laser Deposition
Authors: Bouhtiyya Said , Paillier Jirtme , Roue Lionel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Dissociative Electron Transfer to Alkyl Thiocyanates
Authors: Baba Jamal , Houmam Abdelaziz , Hamed Emad , Ahmida Mohamed
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Templating of Nanoparticulate Iron Oxides and Oxyhydroxides in Non-ionic Surfactant Media
Authors: Boxall Colin , Addison Julie , Bashir Sami , Leaver Marc , McCabe Richard , Mobbs David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A Molecular View of Adsorbate Effects during Crystallization
Authors: Orme Christine , Kim Ilwon , Darragh Molly , Evans John , De Yoreo Jim
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Self Assembly of Star Shape Engineered Oxide Nanostructures for High Temperature Applications
Authors: Kuchibhatla Satyanarayana , Patil Swanand , Hong Soon - Jik , Seal Sudipta
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Influence of Conductive Polymer on Deposition and Morphology Study of Compositional LSM/YSZ Cathode Layer Using Electrophoretic Deposition
Authors: Shen Jung-Hsiung , Yang Ko-Ho , Wen Hua-Chiang , Yang Kai-Yun , Fung Kuan-Zong
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposition of CoPd Alloys from a Chloride Bath Containing Glycine
Authors: Takata Fernanda , Sumodjo Paulo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Surface Plasma Activation Before Direct Wafer Bonding : A Short Review and Recent Results
Authors: Moriceau Hubert , Rieutord FrancOis , Morales Christophe , Sartori Sylvie , Charvet Anne-Marie
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Interferometric Optical Isolator with Si Guiding Layer Operated in Unidirectional Magnetic Field
Authors: Yokoi Hideki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Advanced SOI MOSFETs: Structures and Device Physics
Authors: Faynot Olivier , Vandooren Anne , Poiroux Thierry
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Performance SOI Technology for Sub-45nm Gate Length CMOS Manufacturing
Authors: Horstmann Manfred , Greenlaw David , Huebler P. , Stephan R. , Feudel Th. , Wei A. , Frohberg K. , Lenski M. , Wieczorek K. , Burbach G. , Schwan C. , Press P. , Kammler Th. , Bierstedt H. , Otterbach R. , Neu A. , Schaller M. , Salz H. , Hohage J. , Ruelke H. , Klais J. , Grasshoff G. , Ehrichs E. , Goad S. , Raab M. , Kepler N.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A Novel sub 50nm DG-SOI Self-restoring Domino Logic
Authors: Ioannou Dimitris , Kontos Dimitris K.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Charge Accumulation in Oxides of SOI Wafers Fabricated by Hydrogen Slicing
Authors: Naumova Olga , Frantzusov Anatoliy , Nikolaev Danil , Popov Vladimir
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Mercury Pseudo-MOSFET (HgFET) Drain Current Dependence on Surface Treatment
Authors: Choi Joon-Young , Schroder Dieter
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
SIMS Measurements of Dopants in SOI Wafers
Authors: Hockett Richard , Smith Steve , Yang Ming Hong , Wang Alice , Wang Shaw
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Multi-Energy Oxygen Ion Implantation for AlGaN/GaN HEMT Isolation
Authors: Shiu Jin-Yu , Shoau Yi-Shan , Huang Jui-Chien , Hsieh Yen-Chang , Chang Chia-Ta , Lu Chung-Yu , Chang Edward-Yi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effects of Interfacial Native Oxide on Electrical Properties of Bonded GaAs Wafers
Authors: Liu Po Chun , Lu Cheng Lun , Peng Wei Chih , Wu Yewchung Sermon , Ouyang Hao
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Luminescent and Electric Properties of ZnO:Li Films Derived by Sol-gel
Authors: Lin Bixia , Zhou Rongguo , Fu Zhuxi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Using Surface Chemistry for Defect Engineering in Ultrashallow Junction Formation
Authors: Seebauer Edmund
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effect of Amorphization on Activation and Deactivation of Boronin Source/drain, Channel and Poly Gate
Authors: Pawlak Bartek , Duffy Ray , Janssens Tom
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High-k Gate Stack Engineering Towards Meeting Low Standby Power and High Performance Targets
Authors: De Gendt Stefan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Properties of HfTaxOy High-K Layers Deposited by ALCVD
Authors: Zhao Chao , Rittersma Z. M. , Van Berkum J. G. M. , Snijders J. H. M. , Hendriks A. , Breimer P. , Graat P. , Maes J. W. , De Witter H. , Afanas'ev V. V. , Tois E. , Tuominen M. , Caymax M. , De Gendt S. , Heyns M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
1/f Noise Performance of n-MOSFETs withHf-based Gate Dielectrics
Authors: Srinivasan Purushothaman , Simoen Eddy , Pantisano Luigi , Claeys C. , Misra D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
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Authors: Schmidt Matthias , Ludsteck Alexandra , Wiest Florian , Schulze Jorg , Eisele Ignaz
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Structural and Electrical Properties of CVD-WNx Thin Films Deposited on High-K Materials
Authors: Allegret Stephane , Rolland Guy , Guidotti Emmanuel , Yamasaki Hideaki , Holliger Philippe , Pierre Frangois , Martin Frangois
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Optimizing Channel Strain and Dislocations in PMOS Transistors with Local Epitaxial SiGe
Authors: Chidambaram Pr , Chakravarthy Srinivasan , Machala Charles
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Dry Etching of Low-k Dielectrics
Authors: Hori Masaru
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ultra-low Thermal Budget CMOS Process for 65nm-node Low-Operation-power Applications
Authors: Ootsuka Fumio , Mineji Akira
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High-k Dielectrics Integration Prospects
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Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Retention Characteristics of MONOS Nonvolatile Memories
Authors: Aozasa Hiroshi , Fujiwara Ichiro , Yamauchi Kenji , Koyama Kazuhide , Kobayashi Toshio
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Strain Engineering for Si CMOS Technology
Authors: Sadana Devendra , Bedell Stephen , Reznicek Alexander , de Souza Joel , Chen Huajie , Keith Fogel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Surface Reactivity of InSb Studied by Cyclic Voltammetry Coupled to XPS
Authors: Etcheberry Arnaud , Kunstler Blandine , Canava Bruno
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposition of Compound Chalcogenide Semiconductors
Authors: Lincot Daniel , Gomez Humberto , Henriquez Rodrigo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence from Single CdSe Nanocrystals
Authors: Ding Zhifeng , Zhou Jigang , Zhu Jun , Brzezinski Jack
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Conducting Polymers as Pattering Templates for the Deposition of Nickel as a Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst
Authors: Omanovic Sasha , Navarro-Flores Elisa , Damian Alexis
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Nature of Flooding and Drying in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Mench Matthew , Chuang Po-Ya Abel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
High Performance of Electrode with Very Low Pt Loading Prepared by Dual Ion-Beam Assisted Deposition in PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Saha Madhu , Mukerjee Sanjeev , Gull Andrea , Allen Robert
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrophoretic Deposition of Pt/C Nanocatalysts on Carbon Electrodes of PEMFC
Authors: Louh Rong-Fuh , Huang Hansen , Tsai Felix
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Real-time Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the Anode Exhaust Gases of a Direct Propane Fuel Cell (DPFC)
Authors: Rodrigez-Valera Francisco , Savadogo Oumarou
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Pt Nanoparticles Embedded in a Titanium Oxide Matrix for Anode in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Yoo Sung Jong , Sung Yung-Eun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Development of Metal Supported SOFC Technology in Ikerlan
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Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effect of Forced Air vs. Passive Cathodes on the Performance and Lifetime on a Direct Glucose Fuel Cell
Authors: Apblett Christopher , Ingersoll David , Matteo Edward , Maricle Donald , Sarangapani Srinivasan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Synthesis and Properties of the First C70- Ferrocene Dyad
Authors: Langa Fernando , Oswald Frederic , El-Khouly Mohamed , Araki Yasuyuki , Ito O.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A Molecular Double-Throw Switch Based on Photochromic Control of Photoinduced Electron Transfer
Authors: Straight Stephen , Andreasson Joakim , Kodis Gerdenis , Moore Ana , Moore Thomas , Gust Devens
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Convection Effects on Synthesis of Pd Nanoparticles
Authors: Eftekhari Ali , Kazemzad Mahmood , Moztarzadeh Fathollah
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposition of Nanostructured Platinum Film Templated by the Lyotropic Lamellar Phases
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhao Jikuan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Preparation and Characterization of Rhenium Nanoelectrode Arrays
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Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Deposition of Noble Metals on Nanopores for the Formation of Nanodisc Electrodes
Authors: Bello Rodriguez Belen , Hassel Achim Walter , Schneider Andre
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.