bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Texture Enhancement Method for Oceanic Internal Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar Images Based on Non-Local Mean Filtering and Texture Layer Enhancement
Authors: Chen Zhenghua , Zeng Hongcheng , Wang Yamin , Yang Wei , Guan Yanan , Liu Wei
Published: March 2024

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important tool for observing the oceanic internal wave phenomenon. However, owing to the unstable imaging quality of SAR on oceanic internal waves, the texture details of internal wave images are usually unclear, which is not conducive to the subsequent applications of the images. To cope with this problem, a texture enhancement method for oceanic internal wave SAR images is proposed in this paper, which is based on non-local mean (NLM) filtering and texture layer enhancement (TLE). Since the strong speckle noise commonly present in internal wave images is simultaneously enhanced during texture enhancement, resulting in degraded image quality, NLM filtering is first performed to suppress speckle noise. Then, the denoised image is decomposed into the structure layer and the texture layer, and a texture layer enhancement method oriented to the texture characteristics of oceanic internal waves is proposed and applied. Finally, the enhanced texture layer and the structure layer are combined to reconstruct the final enhanced image. Experiments are conducted based on the Gaofen-3 real SAR data, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method performs well in suppressing speckle noise, maintaining overall image brightness, and enhancing internal wave texture details.
Disruptive Passenger Behavior Impact on Overall Service Experience: An Appraisal Theory Perspective
Authors: Shin RiHyun , Park Jin-Woo , Choi DongRyeol
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of bystander appraisal components, specifically congruence and relevance, on the intention to share negative experiences resulting from disruptive passengers on a flight. The investigation focuses on the mediating factors of negative emotions, satisfaction with service recovery, and trust in the airline. Employing a scenario-based approach, the detailed perceptions of passengers who may not have directly encountered disruptive behavior were explored. A total of 368 questionnaires were collected, and a structural equation model (SEM) was utilized to assess the relationship between bystanders’ appraisal and their intention to share. The results revealed that relevance positively correlated with negative emotions, and congruence significantly affected negative emotions. Moreover, negative emotions had a negative impact on both satisfaction with service recovery (SSR) and airline trust. Both SSR and airline trust, influenced by negative emotions, were found to negatively affect the intention to share. The results will help inform strategies to manage and mitigate in-flight disturbances, so that a high-quality cabin service can be maintained and the overall airline reputation does not suffer.
Approaches of Combining Machine Learning with NMR-Based Pore Structure Characterization for Reservoir Evaluation
Authors: Zhao Wenjun , Liu Tangyan , Yang Jian , Zhang Zhuo , Feng Cheng , Tang Jizhou
Published: March 2024

Tight gas, a category of unconventional natural gas, relies on advanced intelligent monitoring methods for their extraction. Conventional logging for reservoir evaluation relies on logging data and the manual setting of evaluation criteria to classify reservoirs. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of tight reservoirs pose challenges in accurately identifying target layers by using traditional well-logging techniques. Machine learning may hold the key to solving this problem, as it enables computers to learn without being explicitly programmed and manually adding rules. Therefore, it is possible to make reservoir evaluations using machine learning methods. In this paper, the reservoir quality index (RQI) and porous geometric parameters obtained from the optimized inversion of the spherical–tubular model are adopted to evaluate the reservoir. Then, three different machine learning approaches, the random forest (RF) algorithm, support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) algorithm, are utilized for reservoir classification. The selected dataset covers more than 7000 samples from five wells. The data from four wells are arranged as the training dataset, and the data of the remaining one well is designed as the testing dataset to calculate the prediction accuracies of different machine learning algorithms. Among them, accuracies of RF, SVM, and XGB are all higher than 90%, and XGB owns the highest result by reaching 97%. Machine learning based approaches can greatly assist reservoir prediction by implementing the well-logging data. The research highlights the application of reservoir classification with a higher prediction accuracy by combining machine learning algorithms with NMR-logging-based pore structure characterization, which can provide a guideline for sweet spot identification within the tight formation. This not only optimizes resource extraction but also aligns with the global shift towards clean and renewable energy sources, promoting sustainability and reducing the carbon footprint associated with conventional energy production. In summary, the fusion of machine learning and NMR-logging-based reservoir evaluation plays a crucial role in advancing both energy efficiency and the transition to cleaner energy sources.
Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Transition to Sustainability Trajectories: An Activity-Based Conceptual Analytic Framework
Authors: Adamides Emmanuel D.
Published: March 2024

As the road to environmental and social sustainability is tied to large-scale systemic transitions, inevitably, sustainable innovation and entrepreneurship should be considered in their context. In this paper, we investigate how entrepreneurial opportunities develop in trajectories of sectoral transitions to sustainability. We adopt a social practice perspective and, based on insights from sectoral systems of innovation, socio-technical systems and activity theory, we develop an activity-based template/framework to represent sectors and their inherent dynamics in a structured and holistic way. The framework allows for the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities in the contradictions that emerge during transitions in the activities of sectors due to internally developed inconsistencies and/or external interventions. Hence, plausible narratives of the anticipated business futures can be constructed. It also surfaces the role of learning and knowledge creation, i.e., innovation, in resolving contradictions, thus creating value and stirring transitions in the direction of sustainability. The case study of the transition of the automobility sector to sustainability is used to test the framework proposed.
Research on Static Evaluation of Economic Value of “Distributed PV +” Model
Authors: Chi Yuanying , Li Ruoyang , Li Jialin , Yang Shuxia
Published: March 2024

Due to the shortage of fossil energy, environmental pollution, climate change and a series of problems, China is developing photovoltaic (PV) energy and other clean sources of energy. The flexible application of photovoltaic energy makes is an ideal choice. First, this paper clearly describes the significance of the economic value of a PV + model, analyzes its composition of, and then builds the PV + economic value evaluation model. Finally, a PV + model from the agriculture and aquaculture industry is taken as an example to evaluate its economic value. Through data calculations, the feasibility of the PV + economic value evaluation model proposed in this paper is verified. The results show that the model can not only promote the development of photovoltaic energy, but also bring a spillover value to the decentralized economy. The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) The existence of the spillover value of a PV + model is proposed for the first time. (2) The value of the distributed PV + model is revealed from its essential attributes and characteristics, and a method for the quantitative calculation of the spillover value is proposed. (3) Three cases of the spillover value for the economic value of the PV + model are proposed, and the relationship between the spillover value and local adoption of PV + model to absorb distributed PV is discussed.
Facile Preparation of Magnetic Chitosan Carbon Based on Recycling of Iron Sludge for Sb(III) Removal
Authors: Zeng Huiping , Xu He , Zeng Yuwei , Sun Siqi , Zhang Jie , Li Dong
Published: March 2024

In this study, following the concept of “treating waste with waste”, magnetic chitosan carbon (MCC) was developed through the pyrolysis of chitosan/iron sludge (CHS) beads created using an embedding method in a closed environment for antimony removal. The results indicate MCC has a good magnetic recovery rate and that its magnetic saturation strength can reach 33.243 emu/g. The iron proportion and acid resistance of MCC were all better than those of CHS, and at 25 °C, its adsorption saturation capacity improved from 24.956 mg/g to 38.234 mg/g. MCC has a quick adsorption equilibrium time, and in about 20 min, 90% of the final equilibrium capacity can be achieved. The primary mechanism of Sb adsorption by MCC is the formation of an inner sphere complex between Fe-O and Sb, while surface complexation, hydrogen bonding, and interaction also play a function. Thus, MCC, a lower-cost and greener adsorbent for Sb removal, has been made using iron sludge. This enabled it to utilize iron sludge as a resource and served as a reference for the sustainable management of water treatment residuals.
Multi-Objective Optimization of the Planting Industry in Jiangsu Province and Analysis of Its “Water-Energy-Carbon” Characteristics
Authors: Jia Yizhen , Yan Xiaodong
Published: March 2024

The modern development of the planting industry needs to not only ensure food supply but also to consider social and environmental issues. This poses higher demands for rational planning of planting structures to achieve green development while meeting demands and conserving resources. Therefore, this paper takes Jiangsu Province as a representative case, accounting for and analyzing the water footprint, energy consumption, and carbon emissions of seven major crops. Based on this analysis, a multi-objective planning model is established to explore the optimization of its planting structure. The results show that: (1) from 2010 to 2020, the overall water footprint of these seven crops in Jiangsu Province initially increased and then decreased, while energy consumption showed a fluctuating upward trend; (2) carbon emissions from planting in Jiangsu Province initially increased and then fluctuated downward over time, and exhibited significant spatial clustering characteristics, with overall emissions being higher in northern Jiangsu, followed by central Jiangsu, and then southern Jiangsu; (3) the optimization results indicate that economic benefits increased by 4.06%, while the carbon emission and grey water footprints decreased by 3.78% and 7.62%, respectively, resulting in comprehensive improvements in economic and ecological benefits. This study can provide theoretical support for adjusting the planting structure in crop-producing areas and promoting the green and sustainable development of the planting industry.
Lateral Convergence Deformation Prediction of Subway Shield Tunnel Based on Kalman Model
Authors: Bao Yan , Zheng Yexin , Tang Chao , Meng Xiaolin , Sun Zhe , Zhang Dongliang , Wang Li
Published: March 2024

In order to optimize the structure of a subway shield tunnel, minimize injuries, and avoid potential safety hazards, the lateral convergence deformation of subway shield tunnels should be predicted. In terms of accuracy and stability, existing prediction models perform poorly in obtaining the lateral convergence deformation value of a non-stationary small-sized sample of a subway shield tunnel. In this paper, a lateral convergence model of a subway shield tunnel based on the Kalman algorithm is constructed based on Kalman filtering theory. The model is efficient, adaptive, and robust and can accurately predict the lateral convergence deformation of a subway shield tunnel. Taking the horizontal diameter of a 200-ring shield segment in the interval section of a subway tunnel as an example, we have proved that the residuals of the Kalman prediction model are small, the residual distribution conforms to the normal distribution, and the prediction effect is great. The model is suitable for the prediction of more than five periods of data, and the prediction accuracy of the model improves with an increase in the number of data periods. In addition, in this paper, we compare the Kalman model with the GM(1,1) model and the GM–Markov model, and the RMSE, NRMSE, MAPE, and R2 are used as evaluation indices. The results show that the Kalman model has a higher prediction accuracy and is more suitable for predicting the lateral convergence deformation of a subway shield tunnel.
Empirical Analysis on Influence of Authenticity Perception on Tourist Loyalty in Historical Blocks in China
Authors: Luo Liangwei , Chen Jiao , Cheng Yuqin , Cai Kexin
Published: March 2024

Tourist loyalty is the key to the sustainable development of tourism in urban historical blocks. This article focuses on exploring the relationship between authenticity perception and tourist loyalty in this context. With this aim, we introduce the mediating variable of tourist engagement and construct a theoretical model of authenticity perception, tourist engagement, and tourist loyalty. Hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping were performed on questionnaire data of 287 West Street tourists in Dujiangyan, China. The results of this study demonstrate that both object-related authenticity perception and existential authenticity perception have a significant positive impact on tourist loyalty behavior, with similar degrees of influence. Additionally, the study reveals that tourist engagement plays a mediating role in the relationship among object-related authenticity, existential authenticity, and tourist loyalty. From the perspective of tourist engagement, this article reveals the impact mechanism of authenticity perception on tourist loyalty in the context of historical block tourism, enriches the research on tourism authenticity, and deepens the understanding of tourist loyalty behavior. Furthermore, the results of this study also provide reference for the formulation of sustainable development policies related to tourism in historical blocks.
Multi-Scale Analysis of Surface Building Density and Land Subsidence Using a Combination of Wavelet Transform and Spatial Autocorrelation in the Plains of Beijing
Authors: Jiao Shuai , Li Xiaojuan , Yu Jie , Lyu Mingyuan , Zhang Ke , Li Yuehui , Shi Pengyuan
Published: March 2024

Land subsidence is a major issue in the Beijing Plain in China, caused by the construction of new buildings and infrastructure combined with groundwater extraction. This study employs a multi-level two-dimensional wavelet decomposition to decompose land subsidence into high- and low-frequency components, and Moran’s I index to analyze the spatial distribution of land subsidence and its main influencing factors. By comparing the spatial distributions of the high- and low-frequency components, we estimate the correlation between land subsidence and influencing factors at different scales. Utilizing a combination of wavelet decomposition and Moran’s I analysis, our study establishes a clear spatial correlation between continuously varying factors such as groundwater and clay layer thickness, and the low-frequency components of land subsidence, allowing for a focused analysis of the relationship between surface building density and the high-frequency components of land subsidence. Quantitatively, the study identifies a significant correlation at specific granularities, particularly at 480 m and 960 m, underscoring the nuanced interaction between urban development and land subsidence patterns. These insights into the spatial distribution of land subsidence and its contributing factors can inform the development of effective strategies to address this issue.
Detection of Extremely Low Level Ciguatoxins through Monitoring of Lithium Adduct Ions by Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kobayashi Manami , Masuda Junichi , Oshiro Naomasa
Published: March 2024

Ciguatera poisoning (CP) is the most common type of marine biotoxin food poisoning worldwide, and it is caused by ciguatoxins (CTXs), thermostable polyether toxins produced by dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa spp. It is typically caused by the consumption of large fish high on the food chain that have accumulated CTXs in their flesh. CTXs in trace amounts are found in natural samples, and they mainly induce neurotoxic effects in consumers at concentrations as low as 0.2 µg/kg. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has established CTX maximum permitted levels of 0.01 µg/kg for CTX1B and 0.1 µg/kg for C-CTX1 based on toxicological data. More than 20 variants of the CTX1B and CTX3C series have been identified, and the simultaneous detection of trace amounts of CTX analogs has recently been required. Previously published works using LC-MS/MS achieved the safety levels by monitoring the sodium adduct ions of CTXs ([M+Na]+ > [M+Na]+). In this study, we optimized a highly sensitive method for the detection of CTXs using the sodium or lithium adducts, [M+Na]+ or [M+Li]+, by adding alkali metals such as Na+ or Li+ to the mobile phase. This work demonstrates that CTXs can be successfully detected at the low concentrations recommended by the FDA with good chromatographic separation using LC-MS/MS. It also reports on the method’s new analytical conditions and accuracy using [M+Li]+.
Quantitative and Qualitative Distinctions between HIV-1 and SIV Reservoirs: Implications for HIV-1 Cure-Related Studies
Authors: Mudd Joseph C.
Published: March 2024

The persistence of the latent viral reservoir is the main hurdle to curing HIV-1 infection. SIV infection of non-human primates (NHPs), namely Indian-origin rhesus macaques, is the most relevant and widely used animal model to evaluate therapies that seek to eradicate HIV-1. The utility of a model ultimately rests on how accurately it can recapitulate human disease, and while reservoirs in the NHP model behave quantitatively very similar to those of long-term suppressed persons with HIV-1 (PWH) in the most salient aspects, recent studies have uncovered key nuances at the clonotypic level that differentiate the two in qualitative terms. In this review, we will highlight differences relating to proviral intactness, clonotypic structure, and decay rate during ART between HIV-1 and SIV reservoirs and discuss the relevance of these distinctions in the interpretation of HIV-1 cure strategies. While these, to some degree, may reflect a unique biology of the virus or host, distinctions among the proviral landscape in SIV are likely to be shaped significantly by the condensed timeframe of NHP studies. ART is generally initiated earlier in the disease course, and animals are virologically suppressed for shorter periods before receiving interventions. Because these are experimental variables dictated by the investigator, we offer guidance on study design for cure-related studies performed in the NHP model. Finally, we highlight the case of GS-9620 (Vesatolimod), an antiviral TLR7 agonist tested in multiple independent pre-clinical studies in which virological outcomes may have been influenced by study-related variables.
Optimization of LID Strategies for Urban CSO Reduction and Cost Efficiency: A Beijing Case Study
Authors: Wang Hao , Zeng Pengfei , Liu Zilong , Li Wentao , Zhou Jinjun
Published: March 2024

Combined sewer overflow (CSO) can lead to serious urban water environment pollution and health risks to residents. Low Impact Development (LID) facilities are one of the important measures to alleviate CSO and have been widely applied. The rational selection of LID facility types, locations, and scales is the most important task, which can effectively improve resource utilization efficiency. Based on the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm and coupled with the SWMM sewer network hydraulic model, this study takes the combined sewer overflows and the construction cost of LID facilities as optimization objectives and optimizes the types and scales of LID layout in the study area, including eight different return periods. By using the Pareto frontier and visualizing the results of the model, the effects of different rainfall return periods on the CSO control and investment cost of LID layout schemes are compared. The results show the following: (1) the optimization model can demonstrate the relationship between CSO control volume and LID construction cost under different LID layout schemes through the Pareto frontier, showing three different trends, indicating that the relationship between overflow volume and investment cost is nonlinear; (2) with the increase in rainfall intensity, higher requirements are proposed for LID schemes to meet CSO control targets, leading to a decrease in the number of Pareto frontier solution sets. Under larger rainfall intensities, it is difficult to achieve the same overflow control effect by increasing the scale of LID construction. Therefore, considering constraining the LID construction cost between RMB 5.3 and 5.38 million is helpful to determine the most suitable solution; (3) in the optimal layout schemes under different return periods, 87.3% of the locations where LID is deployed have similar scales. Based on these locations with a relatively large proportion of deployment, it can be determined that special attention should be paid to spatial positions in LID planning and construction. This study provides valuable insights for solving combined sewer overflow problems and optimizing urban drainage management and provides guidance for future planning and decision-making processes.
Enhancing Peak Runoff Forecasting through Feature Engineering Applied to X-Band Radar Data
Authors: Álvarez-Estrella Julio , Muñoz Paul , Bendix Jörg , Contreras Pablo , Célleri Rolando
Published: March 2024

Floods cause significant damage to human life, infrastructure, agriculture, and the economy. Predicting peak runoffs is crucial for hazard assessment, but it is challenging in remote areas like the Andes due to limited hydrometeorological data. We utilized a 300 km2 catchment over the period 2015–2021 to develop runoff forecasting models exploiting precipitation information retrieved from an X-band weather radar. For the modeling task, we employed the Random Forest (RF) algorithm in combination with a Feature Engineering (FE) strategy applied to the radar data. The FE strategy is based on an object-based approach, which derives precipitation characteristics from radar data. These characteristics served as inputs for the models, distinguishing them as “enhanced models” compared to “referential models” that incorporate precipitation estimates from all available pixels (1210) for each hour. From 29 identified events, enhanced models achieved Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values ranging from 0.94 to 0.50 for lead times between 1 and 6 h. A comparative analysis between the enhanced and referential models revealed a remarkable 23% increase in NSE-values at the 3 h lead time, which marks the peak improvement. The enhanced models integrated new data into the RF models, resulting in a more accurate representation of precipitation and its temporal transformation into runoff.
SNACK BAR SORGUM DAN KACANG MERAH RENDAH INDEKS GLIKEMIK SEBAGAI MAKANAN SELINGAN TINGGI SERAT PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Simanjuntak Rossa Rosefa , Sulaeman Agus , Moviana Yenny , Judiono Judiono
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Pengelolaan diet pada penderita diabetes tidak hanya terbatas pada restriksi kalori dan asupan karbohidrat, namun juga harus memperhatikan aspek gizi kualitatif lainnya seperti indeks glikemik (IG) dan konsumsi serat. Makanan dengan IG rendah dapat meningkatkan rasa kenyang serta menunda lapar. Konsumsi serat yang cukup dapat membantu mengontrol kadar glukosa darah, mengontrol kegemukan, obesitas serta mengurangi kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Tepung sorgum dan kacang merah memiliki kandungan rendah indeks glikemik dan tinggi serat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh snack bar tepung sorgum dan kacang merah rendah indeks glikemik terhadap sifat organoleptik dan kadar serat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) RAL 1 faktor yaitu imbangan 65% : 35%,  imbangan 70% : 30%, dan  imbangan 80% : 20%. Pengujian mutu dilakukan dengan uji hedonik yang dilakukan oleh 30 panelis agak terlatih dan uji enzimatik gravimetrik untuk pengujian kadar serat pada formula yang paling disukai. Hasil uji kruskal wallis menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada aspek rasa, sedangkan pada aspek warna, aroma dan tekstur tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna. Kadar serat snack bar tepung sorgum dan kacang merah dari formula 2 sebesar 6,08 gram/ 100 gram. Produk ini belum dapat diterapkan sebagai terapi diet diabetes melitus karena hanya diteliti aspek organoleptik dan kadar serat.
Edukasi Diet Rotasi Eliminasi Berbasis Website Berpengaruh Terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu dan Pola Konsumsi Anak Autisme
Authors: Fajri Muthiah Syafiqoh , Moviana Yenny , Suparman Suparman , Surmita Surmita
Published: March 2024

Autisme adalah suatu gangguan yang didiagnosis dengan adanya hubungan sosial timbal yang terganggu, adanya gangguan pada saat berkomunikasi, dan kurangnya ketertarikan dalam berperilaku dan mengembangkan keterampilannya. Website Carrd.co adalah sebuah platform website yang dapat dikembangkan secara gratis, tampilan menarik, dan mudah digunakan bagi pemula. Penelitian ini menggunakan pre-experimental design dengan pre-post test. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2023 di SLB Negeri 2 Sentra PK/PLK dan SLB C Tut Wuri Handayani. Sampel diambil dengan cara total sampling sebanyak 12 sampel. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data karakteristik, data pengetahuan, data asupan zat gizi, dan frekuensi makan anak. Intervensi diukur menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questioner (SQ-FFQ). Uji normalitas menggunakan uji Shapiro Wilk dan uji analisis pada menggunakan Paired T-Test Dependent (data terdistribusi normal) dan Wilcoxon Test (data tidak terdistribusi normal). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada rata-rata pengetahuan ibu (p value 0,026), asupan energi  anak (p value 0,004), asupan protein anak (p value 0,001), asupan lemak anak (p value  0,001), asupan karbohidrat anak (p value 0,005), dan frekuensi makan anak (p value 0,025) sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi. Penggunaan metode motivational interviewing dalam pemberian edukasi gizi dapat meningkatkan perubahan perilaku konsumsi ibu terhadap anak autisme.
Aktuelles aus der pädiatrischen Immunologie: Erfolge bei der Erkennung neuer Immundefekte im Neugeborenen-Screening
Authors: Blanchard Rohner Géraldine , Trück Johannes
Published: March 2024

Jedes Jahr werden neue Immundefekte auf molekularer Ebene identifiziert. Dabei handelt es sich um Immundefekte, die oft ein breites und wenig typisches klinisches Bild zeigen. Betroffene Patient:innen präsentieren sich mit wiederkehrenden oder schweren Infektionen mit einem Erreger oder einer Erregergruppe, oder zeigen Autoimmunität, Autoinflammation, Allergien, eine Knochenmarkinsuffizienz oder eine Prädisposition für Krebserkrankungen. Die Inzidenz aller primären Immundefekte liegt, abhängig der Art, zwischen 1:200 und 1:2000.
Update systemische juvenile idiopathische Arthritis
Authors: Welzel Tatjana , Woerner Andreas , Kaiser Daniela
Published: March 2024

Die systemische juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (sJIA) manifestiert sich charakteristischerweise systemisch (z.B. Fieber, Rash, Exanthem, Hepatosplenomegalie, Lymphadenopathie, laborchemische Entzündung) und artikulär. Da die artikuläre Komponente in der Frühphase fehlen kann, ist die Diagnose oft herausfordernd, da ein breites Spektrum an Differentialdiagnosen in Betracht gezogen werden muss. Eine frühe Diagnose und effektive Therapie sind wichtig, um Komplikationen wie das potentiell lebensbedrohliche Makrophagenaktivierungs-Syndrom (MAS) zu verhindern und eine Remission zu erreichen.
Médecine d’urgence: «Moins c’est plus» – Une meilleure prise en charge des patient-e-s aux urgences pédiatriques
Authors: Seiler Michelle
Published: March 2024

La spécialité médecine d’urgence pédiatrique s’est continuellement développée ces dernières décennies et depuis 2014 existe la formation approfondie médecine d’urgence pédiatrique, devenue un domaine propre de la pédiatrie et de la chirurgie pédiatrique. L’association «Pediatric Emergency Medicine Switzerland» (PEMS) a été créée en 2010 et agit depuis 2017 de manière interprofessionnelle, avec pour objectif la formation de professionnels de la santé et l’élaboration de recommandations, afin de garantir des standards de qualité élevés. Un aspect essentiel pour l’établissement de recommandations est de pouvoir se baser sur des travaux scientifiques, alors que de nombreux traitements d’urgence pédiatriques émanent de la médecine adulte et n’ont jamais été systématiquement étudiés chez l’enfant.
Immunothérapie orale et allergie alimentaire : commentaires pratiques pour la prise en charge des patients en Suisse
Authors: Bellutti Enders Felicitas , Trück Johannes , Trachsel Tina , Benhamou Senouf Avigael , Bogatu Bettina , Carrard Annette , Caubet Jean-Cristoph , Eng Peter , Fuchs Oliver , Hoernes Miriam , Roduit Caroline , Schnider Caroline , Wassenberg Jacqueline , Weber-Chrysochoou Christina
Published: March 2024

Les allergies alimentaires représentent un défi considérable, à la fois en raison de leur impact important sur la santé et la qualité de vie des personnes concernées, et également en raison de leur poids financier sur les ressources de santé publique. Vu la prévalence croissante des allergies alimentaires, des stratégies de prévention et de prise en charge efficaces deviennent urgentes. Ces dernières années, l‘immunothérapie orale (ITO) s’est imposée comme le premier traitement actif des allergies alimentaires et est de plus en plus répandue, particulièrement chez l’enfant et son principe a été exposé dans le numéro de juin 2022 de Paediatrica. Actuellement, l’ITO est classiquement proposée aux enfants allergiques au lait, aux œufs ou aux arachides.
Study of urban soil collected from a future residential complex area from Galati, Romania
Authors: Sion Alina , Ene Antoaneta , Cojocaru Gabriela
Published: March 2024

In this paper, soil samples collected from an area where a real estate will develop were studied. The study presents a qualitative and quantitative XRF analysis of samples from an oil factory, Prutul S.A. and old industrial establishment, S.C. Intfor S.A. To assess the level of pollution there were calculated by using Microsoft Excel: total contamination index (HC), Saet summary index after the hazard index (ZC), total pollution index (ZCT) and ecological risk factor (ER). The conclusion for location Prutul S.A. is that the majority of the samples had concentrations below the limits proposed by legislation. In this case, the exceptions are the elements Cr, Ni, and As. Regarding S.C. Intfor S.A., due to the main area of activity, a significant amount of Zn was present, directly affecting the environmental health. Moreover, the presence of Hg, Pb, Cu, Cr, As, V, etc., makes from location F a highly polluted place.
Studies on physical properties of tin oxide films
Authors: Tigau Nicolae , Draşovean Romana , Condurache-Bota Simona
Published: March 2024

This paper reports the study of some physical properties of thin films of tin oxide, such as the structural properties, surface morphology and optical transmission and reflection. The thin films of tin oxide were deposited by the method of thermal evaporation under vacuum. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study the structural properties and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) method was used to study the surface morphology of thin films of tin oxide. The absorption and extinction coefficients of the investigated thin layers were determined from the transmittance and reflectance spectra recorded in the range of wavelengths between 190 and 1100 nm.
Una lectura de la posición masculina en la actualidad desde el psicoanálisis de orientación lacaniana
Authors: Paiva Subieta Estefania , Urriolagoitia Méndez Gabriela
Published: March 2024

Esta investigación parte de una contextualización socio-histórica de lo masculino en occidente para situar los antecedentes de las masculinidades alternativas. Siguiendo una metodología estructurada, básica y documental, se realiza una lectura desde el psicoanálisis lacaniano para comprender cuál es la posición masculina en la actualidad. La principal finalidad es entender la masculinidad, las dificultades que atraviesa y la constitución de masculinidades alternativas mediante un abordaje clínico que permite pensar lo masculino como una posición sexuada que resulta de un trabajo subjetivo inconsciente que implica un ordenamiento del modo de goce de los cuerpos. Las principales conclusiones señalan que actualmente ya no hay un universal masculino, sino que siguiendo la lógica femenina del no-todo hay una proliferación de masculinidades. Cada hombre está optando por tener un goce propio, por construir su propio modelo de masculinidad y ello conlleva la responsabilidad y el desafío de que construya singularmente su solución con relación al falo, dé cuenta de su posición sexuada siguiendo una lógica del uno por uno y encuentre un arreglo posible con su goce a partir de los significantes que encuentra en el discurso contemporáneo.
Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) Metodu İle Of İlçesi’nde (Trabzon) Heyelan Risk Duyarlılığı Analizi
Authors: Taş Mehmet Akif , Şenol Celal , Yanık Muhammet Enes
Published: March 2024

Çalışma alanı olan Trabzon’a bağlı Of ilçesinde topografik özellikler ve iklim hususiyetleri bakımından heyelan afetinin gerçekleşme potansiyeli yüksektir. Son yüz yılda 26’sı ölümle sonuçlanan onlarca heyelan afetine maruz kalan Trabzon’da sadece Of ilçesi 4 adedi ölümlü olmak üzere onlarca maddi hasarlı heyelan afetinden etkilenmiştir. Ortalama eğim ve yükseltinin fazla olması ve yağışın yıllık miktarının (1659,4 mm) ülke ortalamasının (643 mm) oldukça üzerinde olması bu durumu ortaya çıkaran en önemli etkenlerdir. Bu bağlamda Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılarak uluslararası mecrada etkinliği ve geçerliliği olan metotlarla heyelan risk analizlerinin yapılması oldukça önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Bu analiz yöntemlerinden olan ve heyelan risk analizi çalışmalarında son yıllarda en çok kullanılan yöntemlerden biri olan ve Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) olarak literatüre geçen Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) çalışma alanına uyarlanmıştır. SentinelHub, NASA, Corine, HGM, MTA gibi birçok ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluştan elde edilen veriler ışığında Of ilçesinin AHS ile heyelan risk analizi oluşturulmuştur. Bunun sonucunda ilçenin heyelan bakımından %23’lük bir bölümüne tekabül eden 60 km2 alanında riskli ve çok riskli, %26’sına tekabül eden 67,7 km2 alanında orta ve %51’ine karşılık gelen 132,4 km2 alanda düşük ve çok düşük heyelan riski tespit edilmiştir. Bu analizler sonucunda elde edilen bilgiler dikkate alınarak gerek afet yönetim sürecinde gerekse diğer ilgili alanlarda çalışan paydaşların heyelan afetine karşı hazırlıklı olmaları amaçlanmıştır.
BRS FC423: COMMON BEAN CULTIVAR WITH CARIOCA TYPE GRAIN WITH SLOW DARKENING, HIGH YIELD, AND HIGH RESISTANCE TO ANTHRACNOSE AND ROOT ROTS
Authors: Santos Pereira Helton , Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de Souza Thiago , Sfeir Aguiar Marcelo , Cláudio de Faria Luís , Geraldo Cáprio da Costa Joaquim , Morais Guimarães Cléber , Martins de Almeida Válter , Cunha Melo Leonardo
Published: March 2024

Luís Cláudio de Faria
Was ist die Aufgabe von Universitäten?
Authors: Schwan Gesine
Published: March 2024

Für die Autorin hat die Universität eine kommunikative Aufgabe, wenn auch nicht in einer systemtheoretischen Perspektive. Für sie muss die Universität Verständigung organisieren – in der Lehre und in der Forschung, und das bedeutet auch zwischen den Disziplinen. Die Universität soll damit zu einer „Selbstverständigung der Gesellschaft“ beitragen“. (DIPF/Orig.)
Herausforderungen der Universitäten der Zukunft
Authors: Beisiegel Ulrike
Published: March 2024

Die Universität heute ist nicht mehr die des beginnenden 19. Jahrhunderts. Damals studierten etwa 5 Prozent eines Jahrgangs, heute sind es mehr als 50 Prozent. Es ist daher wenig verwunderlich, dass die Universitäten heute einer entsprechenden Organisationskultur bedürfen. Ulrike Beisiegel spricht in ihrem Beitrag deshalb von einer „professionellen Governance“, damit die Gemeinschaft der Lehrenden und Lernenden entsprechend gestaltet werden kann. Im Mittelpunkt steht für sie der Begriff der Verantwortung, den sie für die Universität in vier Richtungen entfaltet. Ihr Begriff der „professionellen Governance“ zielt nicht nur auf die Universitätsleitung, sondern auch auf die Gremien und alle Bereiche der Selbstverwaltung. (DIPF/Orig.)
Was will internationale transdisziplinäre Nachhaltigkeitsforschung in Niederbayern? Das Versprechen der Kleinstadt
Authors: Padmanabhan Martina
Published: March 2024

Die Autorin sucht nach Verbindungen der Universität zur Umwelt im Licht von Transdisziplinarität. Sie sieht im Masterstudiengang Nachhaltigkeit, der noch nicht realisiert ist, den Entwurf einer paradigmatischen Umsetzung des Konzepts, Akteure aus der Praxis und „lebensweltliches Wissen“ miteinzubeziehen. Damit soll die Universität vom Kopf auf die Füße gestellt werden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Die Idee der Universität heute
Authors: Dederer Hans-Georg
Published: March 2024

Der Autor hält an Humboldt fest, will ihn aber um einige Elemente ergänzen. In seinem Beitrag plädiert er, wie Humboldt, auf ein „auf Persönlichkeitsbildung gerichtetes Bildungsideal“ mit weiteren Elementen: „Öffentlichkeit, Translation, Verantwortlichkeit, Vielfalt, Internationalität und Interkulturalität“. Von ihnen können wichtige Impulse für die weitere Entwicklung der Universität Passau ausgehen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Do inspection reports change over time?
Authors: Bokhove Christian , Jerrim John , Phelan Damian , Sims Sam
Published: March 2024

School inspections are a common feature of education systems across the world. In these inspections, trained professionals visit schools and reach a high-stakes judgement about the quality of education they provide. School inspections rely upon professional judgement, and are meant to reflect the quality of the provision of a school. There is currently little academic evidence investigating these reports at scale, including how they vary over time. We make use of two cut-off moments in the inspection process in the last two decades: (1) a document dispelling myths about what inspectors in England are looking for and (2) the introduction of the 2019 Education Inspection Framework (EIF). We present new empirical evidence on this matter, drawing upon data from more than 60,000 inspection reports for primary and secondary schools in England between 1997 and 2022. Several computational techniques show that themes in the reports did not change much after the myths document, while after the framework change reports put more emphasis on leadership, subject specialism and the curriculum.
Meritocratic economic policies in the service of the middle class
Authors: György László , Horváth Gergely , Molnár Dániel
Published: March 2024

By the 2010s, the middle classes of the Western world had become the biggest losers from the accelerating globalisation processes since the 1970s. Several proposals have been made regarding what economic policies should be put in place to strengthen the lower classes. These would typically redistribute income from the rich to the poor. Hungary has chosen a particular path in response to the disadvantages of globalisation: in our interpretation, it has shifted income from the rent-seekers to the middle class. Based on our definition of the middle class, which takes into account income, wealth, housing and the need for intellectual and cultural
The role of compliance in the operation of credit institutions
Authors: Pelei Andrea , Benedek Petra
Published: March 2024

The aim of this article is to present a conceptual framework for compliance with legal and ethical standards in the business environment, with a particular focus on the role and current challenges of internal control. The paper describes systems and methods for developing effective compliance risk management strategies. The paper presents the importance of an organization’s internal control systems through a literature review. It shows how compliance tools can be used to prevent harmful processes and how to deal with abuses such as money laundering. Finally, the article outlines new compliance challenges, such as the indirect effects of the Russia-Ukraine war and the challenges of implementing sanctions.
Changes in the explanation of inflation
Authors: Ábel István , Bognár Gergely , Lóga Máté , Szabó István Attila
Published: March 2024

Most discussion of inflation in 2021-2022 have focused on product market shocks rather than unemployment indicators. The Phillips curve approach, which provides the traditional theoretical framework, was questioned. In addition to the surge in food and energy prices, many new inflationary factors have come to the fore, such as the disruption in supply chains, as well as fiscal spending and loose monetary policy in the context of the pandemic. These factors do not fit into the traditional approach. In this paper, we review the main literature on the US and European economies to see how the analytical framework represented by the Phillips curve can be adapted to analyse the current situation. Since its inception, the Phillips curve approach has undergone significant changes reflecting changes in the nature of inflation. For example, the unemployment gap was later replaced by the output gap. In the current situation, the output gap has been replaced by arguments in favour of the inclusion of enterprise pricing, marginal cost and the profit rate.
Women's football in Brazil and England´s national football museums
Authors: Mitidieri Maria Cristina de Azevedo , Rocha Luisa , Biram Mark
Published: March 2024

The challenging trajectory of women's football in Brazil and in England is discernible with reference to its gradually shifting prominence within heritage and museums. Nonetheless, the persistent differences regarding visibility and recognition, and negative associations women’s football is attributed, have contributed to the underrepresentation of women's football heritage at both the Museu do Futebol in São Paulo, Brazil and at the National Football Museum in Manchester, England. This research identifies temporal milestones related to the presence of women's football in these national museums, as well as the proactive measures undertaken to ensure the inclusion of women’s football items into their respective collections since 2015. Combining theoretical references with exploratory research, we aimed to identify connections between the factors which stimulated the appreciation of women's football within these museums, contributing to discussions about the musealization of football. We conclude that women's football has been addressed progressively by the Museu do Futebol and the National Football Museum through the exhibition of its successes and milestones but we also consider the challenges of the past and the present, in a context in which demands and commitments have to be balanced.
Comparative Analysis of Islamic Education Policies in Indonesia and Russia
Authors: Usman Errina , Hunaida Wiwin Luqna , Mala Asnal , Irwanto Moch. Surya Hakim , Muhid Abdul
Published: March 2024

This research discusses Islamic education policies in Indonesia and Russia. The importance of this study is based on the Islamic education policy process in countries with a majority Muslim population and countries with a majority non-Muslim population. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach, and data was collected from books, journals and experts' thoughts related to the research theme. Data was obtained with the help of an electronic database site with a Scopus-indexed national and international journal search site, which was then mapped by searching for inclusive and exclusive criteria. The next step was selecting studies, collecting data, and extracting data, and the data was analyzed using comparative techniques. Based on the findings, Islamic education policies have been implemented in Indonesia and Russia, as evidenced by the policies issued by the government for implementing Islamic education from the lowest level of education to the highest level of education. Indonesia implements an integral curriculum policy combining religious and general education. Russia implements a mandatory curriculum policy that requires students to choose their religious education, including Islamic education. Through this research, it is known that there is still room for Islamic education in secular countries, and secular countries believe that Islamic education plays a vital role in creating a generation of character. Thus, this research significantly contributes to the development of Islamic education at the global level by identifying space for Islamic education in secular countries and emphasizing the critical role of Islamic religious education in creating a society with character. This enriches discussions about the relationship between religion and education in the context of multiculturalism and religious pluralism and provides a basis for developing inclusive and sustainable education policies in various countries.
Criminological validity of amendments to the criminal law: the use of statistics and the role of the media
Authors: Maslov Willie
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The foundation of the state’s strategic activity in the fight against crime (criminal policy) is a set of initial data of a criminological and social nature, the objectivity (compliance with the truth) of which is often rightly questioned, and therefore the issues of searching and selecting sources for the formation of criminal policy in order to achieving the requirement of criminological validity. Methods. In work based on the dialectical-materialistic method of scientific knowledge, the legal-dogmatic method, formal-logical and systemic methods are used. Results. Despite the fact that the scale of criminologically significant information is quite large, an obstacle to the formation of a criminologically based criminal policy is the lack of the required volume of objective data on crime. Recognizing that certain indicators themselves must be correctly interpreted (including in their interrelation and interdependence), it can be argued that correct criminological forecasting requires an appropriate methodological basis that clearly indicates how it is necessary to process what is significant for the fight against crime information. Recognizing the problem of crime latency, it is worth emphasizing the need to find tools for objectifying crime data. In particular, it is worth paying attention to the promise of an integrated approach to the analysis of criminal phenomena, including, at a minimum, “cross-reconciliation” of data from various government bodies and non-state structures (subject to confidence in the objectivity of the information they provide). When making changes to the criminal law, the use of official statistics as a basic source of information is recognized as justified. Of particular importance is the issue of searching for alternative sources of information, which are now increasingly referred to as social expectations.