bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of Different Mushroom Protein Hydrolysates as Potential Flavourings in Chicken Soup Using Stem Bromelain Hydrolysis
Authors: Ang San-San , Ismail-Fitry Mohammad Rashedi
Published: December 2019

The pleasant taste of edible mushrooms, which is attributed to their high protein content, makes them an attractive source for the production of protein hydrolysates with good taste properties. In the present work, different mushroom protein hydrolysates were produced from shiitake, oyster, bunashimeji and enoki mushrooms using stem bromelain hydrolysis at 0.5 % (m/m) enzyme/substrate ratio at pH=6.5 and 40 °C for 20 h. The produced liquid mushroom protein hydrolysate yielded 0.77–0.92 % crude protein (p>0.05). Bunashimeji mushroom protein hydrolysate was the lightest in colour, while shiitake mushroom protein hydrolysate was the darkest (p<0.05). Enoki mushroom protein hydrolysate had the highest dry matter content. There was no significant difference in the degree of hydrolysis among different mushroom protein hydrolysates (53.52–67.13 %, p>0.05), with the highest yield of bunashimeji and the lowest of shiitake mushroom protein hydrolysate (p<0.05). Preference test of chicken soup with added different mushroom protein hydrolysates was performed using 58 untrained panellists to evaluate their taste-enhancing effect, compared to monosodium glutamate (MSG). Soup with MSG had the highest score for the tested attributes, while soups with bunashimeji and oyster mushroom protein hydrolysates showed higher aroma, taste, mouthfeel and overall preference scores than negative control, which contained neither MSG nor any of the hydrolysates (p<0.05). This finding suggests that bunashimeji and oyster mushroom protein hydrolysate have the potential to be used as taste enhancers in food applications.
Measurement of atmospheric black carbon in some South Mediterranean cities
Authors: Merabet Hamza , Kerbachi Rabah , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos , Stavroulas Iasonas , Kanakidou Maria , Yassaa Noureddine
Published: December 2019

This study aims to investigate, for the first time in Algeria, the atmospheric black carbon (BC) concentrations over one year measured at the Scientific Observatory of Algiers and to compare their concentration levels with other Mediterranean cities (i.e., Athens and Crete). The diurnal cycles as well as seasonal variations of BC concentrations were evaluated and attributed to their emission sources (fossil fuel: BCff and wood burning: BCwb). The annual mean concentrations of BC, BCff and BCwb were 1.113±2.030, 1.064±2.002 and 0.049±0.262 µgm-3, respectively. The highest seasonal mean concentrations were recorded in summer and autumn with 1.283±1.346 and 1.209±1.149 µgm-3 for BC and 1.217±1.431 and 1.177±1.151 µgm-3 for BCff, respectively. However, the lowest mean concentrations were recorded in winter and spring with 1.023±1.189 and 0.966±0.964 µgm-3 for BC and 0.933±1.177 and 0.956±0.874 µgm-3 for BCff, respectively. For BCwb, the highest mean concentrations were reached in winter and summer with 0.090±0.055 and 0.066±0.050 µgm-3, respectively, very likely due to the forest fires and long-range transport of air pollution from Europe. The lowest mean concentrations of BCwb were recorded in autumn and spring with 0.032±0.033 and 0.010±0.021 µgm-3, respectively. Seggregating BC levels into eight wind sectors, showed that the prevailing BC pollution with concentrations reaching up to 5.000 µgm-3 originated from the North-West wind sector. A source apportionment of BC for the wet and dry period was also perfomed followed by a back trajectory cluster analysis for long-range transport.
Aerosol characterisation including oxidative potential as a proxy of health impact
Authors: Josipovic Miroslav , Leal-Liousse Catherine , Crobeddu Belinda , Baeza-Squiban Armelle , Segakweng C. Keitumetse , Galy-Lacaux Corinne , Beukes J. Paul , Van Zyl Pieter G. , Fourie Gerhard
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to characterise aerosols sampled in the vicinity of a major industrialised area, i.e. the Vaal Triangle. It included thedetermination of oxidative potential as a predictive indicator of particle toxicity. Aerosol samples were collated through the cascadefiltering during an eight-month period (12 h over three days in one week). Three size fractions were analysed for organic carbon(OC), black carbon (BC) and oxidative potential (OP), while ionic content was presented as monthly and seasonal concentrations. Thecontinuous measurement of black carbon by an optical attenuation instrument was collated concurrently with cascade filtering. Thecarbonaceous content was low compared to the ionic one. Within the carbonaceous concentrations, the organic carbon was higherthan concentrations of black carbon in both seasons in the ultra-fine fraction; the opposite was the case for the fine fraction, whilethe coarse fraction concentrations of organic carbon in the dry season had higher concentrations than black carbon in the wet seasonand organic carbon in the wet season. The OP tended to increase as the size was decreasing for wet season aerosols, whereas, forthe dry season, the highest OP was exerted by the fine fraction. The ultrafine fraction was the one showing the most contrasting OPbetween the two seasons. Continuous monitoring indicated that the higher BC concentrations were recorded in the dry/winter partof the year, with the daily pattern of concentrations being typically bimodal, having both the morning and evening peaks in bothseasons. Within the ionic content, the dominance of sulphate, nitrate and ammonium was evident. Multiple linear correlations wereperformed between all determined compounds. Strong correlations of carboxylic acids with other organic compounds were revealed.These acids point to emissions of VOC, both anthropogenic and biogenic. Since they were equally present in both seasons, a mixtureof sources was responsible, both present in the wider area and throughout the year.
Empowerment Gifted Young Scientists (GYS) in Millennial Generation : Impact of Quality Improvement in Education of Gender Perspective
Authors: HARTATİ Suci , PURNAMA Syahfitri , HERİATİ Tati , PALUPİ Endah Kinarya , KASAYANOND Arunee , ROSLİNA Roslina
Published: December 2019

The
Gifted Young Scientists (GYS) in Indonesia in this decade are getting stronger.
However, the minimum level of education makes equity in Indonesia not running
optimally. The
purpose of this study was to obtain a complete picture of the steps taken by Tegal Regency, and Kendal Regency
in removing discrimination against Gifted Young Scientists (GYS) and evaluating
according to constitutional rights. The sampling technique in this study was carried out by simple random
sampling. The instruments used in this study were a test of pre-test, post test
and communication test skills. This data collection was conducted to determine
the level of ability of differences in the field of STEM education in male and
female gender equality. From the test results, the data is tested in the SPSS
program such as the T test, homogeneity test, and normality test. Based on the results
data collection and the Forum Discussion Group (FGD), government administrators
in education and the development of empowerment of Gifted Young Scientists
(GYS) in the Tegal regency, and Kendal regency, Indonesia is implemented in the
implementation of minimum service standards. The comparison between the number
of female workers compared to male workers in the city of Tegal occupies the
highest place in Central Java (out of 11,586 workers in the area of ​​ Tegal Regency, and Kendal Regency, Indonesia 19,713 are female workers). The culture that has
been developing as if it is inhibiting women's empowerment, such as in decision
making to income generation in the labor market. Ideally, increasing gender
development will create a balance of empowerment between men and women.
Student Perception on Teaching Materials Development to Increase Students’ Knowledge of Aceh's Maritime Potential
Authors: RİDHWAN Ridhwan , SUMARMİ Sumarmi , RUJA İ Nyoman , UTOMO Dwiyono Hari , SARİ Rima
Published: December 2019

Aceh has the potential as a world trade route, fish
catch lane and marine tourism in Indonesia. Therefore, students' knowledge of
Aceh's maritime potential needs to be developed. The purpose of this study was
to determine student perceptions of teaching materials to Increase Students’
Knowledge of Aceh's Maritime Potential. This study used a quantitative research
design. The results of the study were obtained from the answers to the
questionnaires that were developed, validated, and tested by researchers. The
results were analyzed through descriptive statistics. The results of the study
indicate that geography education students need teaching materials to Increase
Students’ Knowledge of Aceh's Maritime Potential. Teaching materials were very
important to be developed because there was no teaching material and students'
knowledge of Aceh's maritime potential was very lacking. Based on the research,
it was suggested to develop teaching materials to increase students’ knowledge
of the Aceh Maritime Potential comprehensively.
Problem-Based Learning Approach with Supported Interactive Multimedia in Physics Course: Its Effects on Critical Thinking Disposition
Authors: GUNAWAN Gunawan , HARJONO Ahmad , HERAYANTİ Lovy , HUSEİN Sadam
Published: December 2019

In this research, interactive
multimedia on thermodynamic concepts was developed and tested. The purpose of
this research was to assess the effectiveness of interactive multimedia through
a problem-based learning approach to students’ critical thinking disposition. The
research development had three stages: preliminary study, development, and
field testing. The field testing was a quasi-experiment with a pretest and
posttest control group design. The research subjects consisted of four
lecturers as expert validators, two teachers and two groups of 65 students in a
high school in Mataram city, Indonesia. Data were gathered by using questionnaires,
observation, interviews, and written test. The results of the Normalized-gain
test were 53.1 for the experiment group and 52.2 for the control group. This
shows that there were differences in the increase of students' critical
thinking dispositions between the control group and the experiment group.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of interactive multimedia could
improve students' critical thinking dispositions.
Misconception Analysis of Junior High School Student in Interpreting Fraction
Authors: RAMADİANTİ Winda , PRİATNA Nanang , KUSNANDİ Kusnandi
Published: December 2019

Interpretation of fraction is
the basis of meaningful fraction learning. Students' misconceptions in
interpreting fractions can be obstacles for students to understand further
mathematical concepts. The purpose of this study is to identify students'
misconceptions in interpreting fractions. This research usedcontent
analysismethode. The participants of this study were 63 students (32 female, 31
male) in one junior high school in Bengkulu City, Indonesia. This research
participant has just studied the topic of fractions. Data collection was
carried out by giving tests to 63 participants, and interviews with 6 students
to obtain more comprehensive information. The questions asked in interview are
based on students' answers on the previous test. The selection of students
interviewed was done by purposive sampling. The results showed that students
experienced misconceptions in interpreting fractions as part of whole, as
quotient, as ratios, as operators, and as measures. Based on the results of the
interview, the misconception occurred because students experienced limited
context in recognizing fractions.
CODEX - Poly-l-Lysine Cover-Slip Preparation v2
Authors: Propper Leigh , Farris Franchesca , Jorgensen Marda
Published: December 2019

Poly-Lysine Coverslip Preparation This section describes the process of creating Poly-lysine-coated coverslips that are used for the tissue sections in the CODEX® experiment workflow.
Quantitative and qualitative land suitability assessment for rice cultivation, north of Iran
Authors: Moloudi Amir , Yaghmaeian Mahabadi Nafiseh
Published: December 2019

Evaluation of arable lands and agricultural potential to support current and future agricultural uses is one of the best agricultural policies for food security in developing countries. Hence, studies related to land suitability evaluation can lead to sustainable land use. The aims of this research were qualitative land suitability evaluation, land production potential prediction and quantitative land suitability evaluation on the basis of the FAO model for rice in Sangar region, northern Iran. Qualitative evaluation was carried out using the maximum limitation and parametric methods. Land production potential was determined by the agro-ecological zoning (AEZ) model. Land suitability classes according to maximum limitation, Storie and square root parametric methods are determined S3, S3-N1 and S2-S3, respectively. Rice radiation-thermal production potential was calculated as 7.65 t/ha; mean land production potentials, using Storie and square root formulas were predicted respectively, as 3.69 and 4.52 t/ha and mean actual yield was estimated as 2.81 t/ha. The results of this study showed that use of the square root formula is more appropriate than Storie formula as far as land production potential calculation is concerned. Soil limitations and weak management level have caused majority of land units to have moderate quantitative suitability (S2) for rice cultivation. Comparison between qualitative and quantitative suitability classes demonstrates that quantitative suitability classes are significantly increased due to crop adaptation with climate agents.
Great saphenous vein diameter at different regions and it's relation to reflux
Authors: El Mallah Said I. , Al Khateep Yahia M. , Kamel Kareem H.
Published: December 2019

Background: Great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence is involved in the majority of cases of varicose disease. Standard pre-interventional assessment is required to decide the treatment modalities. GSV diameter measured at sapheno-femoral junction, proximal thigh, distal thigh, knee, proximal leg, distal leg. Analysis done to find at which diameter size the reflux expected to occur.Methods: The study involved 100 limbs from outpatient vascular clinic. GSV diameter measurement was done at the sapheno-femoral junction, at the proximal thigh, at the distal thigh, below the knee, mid leg in correlation to the reflux.Results: SFJ reflux (group I) was observed at 7.16±2.30 mm, proximal thigh (group II) at 6.60±1.89 mm, distal thigh (group III a) at 6.12±1.63 mm, knee (group III b) at 5.78±1.60 mm, proximal leg (group IV) at 4.6±1.24 mm, and mid leg (group V) at 3.59±1.16 mm.Conclusions: Measurement at six sites revealed higher sensitivity and specificity to predict reflux, GSV diameter correlates with reflux, sites to predict reflux not only at SFJ and proximal thigh but GSV measurement at knee joint can predict reflux. Measurement of GSV at knee joint can predict reflux if more than 5.5 mm.
NOÇÕES DE HERMENÊUTICA FILOSÓFICA EM GADAMER
Authors: Maciel Joelson Campos
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo apresenta um pequeno panorama da hermenêutica gadameneana. Para tanto, são traçados os seguintes percursos: primeiro sobre quem foi Hans-Georg Gadamer, abordam-se as transformações havidas na filosofia, as quais proporcionaram a passagem da hermenêutica metodológica para a filosófica. Depois, delimita-se essa hermenêutica apresentada por Gadamer; por fim, discutem-se as duas com as suas principais diferenças.
A CONCEPÇÃO DE FORMAÇÃO EM TOMÁS DE AQUINO: ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES
Authors: Scarel Estelamaris Brant
Published: December 2019

Este artigo trata do conceito de formação em Tomás de Aquino à luz das contribuições de Aristóteles bem como da ordem franciscana a qual pertencia esse teólogo e filósofo no medievo. Assim, tem-se como ponto de partida o contexto contemporâneo, sob a influência tanto da ideologia da globalização econômica como das políticas neoliberais, procurando-se, em seguida, conhecer os traços mais significativos concernentes à concepção de ensino e, por conseguinte, de formação do Aquinate, a fim de, a partir disso, compreender-se a condição de possibilidade de a obra de pensamento desse rigoroso mestre da Universidade medieval contribuir, talvez, para que a perspectiva de formação seja repensada na atualidade.
Consumo de drogas en adolescentes. Elementos de reflexión conceptual
Authors: Erazo Santander Oscar
Published: December 2019

El artículo tiene el objetivo de realizar reflexiones conceptuales sobre las drogas, consecuencias, inter- vención y vulnerabilidad en la adolescencia. En el primer apartado se explica el concepto de drogas y su prevalencia con resultados de más del 60 % de consumidores adolescentes en Colombia. El segundo apartado nombra la acción de las drogas en el sistema dopaminérgico, la afectación en el sistema ner- vioso central, funciones ejecutivas y su logro en cuadros de dependencia y abuso; y analiza cómo los Estados intentan controlar la problemática con ofertas político-económicas de oferta y demanda. El tercer apartado explica la demanda a través de dos modelos: uno que muestra el consumo y consecuencias de tipo neurológico, y otro que describe los antecedentes para la decisión y acción de consumir, con resultados no concluyentes. Permite estructurar una propuesta hipotética que explica la elección y el consumo de drogas a través de un constructo teórico que integra una tesis de tipo cognitivo como la intencionalidad explicada por la teoría de conducta planificada, y la tesis neuropsicológica, explicada por las funciones ejecutivas con elementos como la toma de decisión, planeación e inhibición. El cuarto apartado refiere la tendencia del adolescente a escoger elecciones con desventaja y toma de decisiones inadecuadas con privilegio hacia el consumo, producto de la inmadurez en el funcionamiento ejecutivo, siendo este un elemento a intervenir.
Comparative structural and functional studies of avian and mammalian hemoglobins.
Authors: Ajloo Davood , Moosavi-Movahedi Ali A , Sadeghi Mahdi , Gharibi Housain
Published: December 2019

Thermal stabilities of chicken, grey lag goose (Anser anser), turkey as avian hemoglobins (Hbs); and human, bovine, sheep and horse as mammalian Hbs in hemolysate form were investigated and compared with oxygen affinities taken from literature. The thermal stability was obtained from thermal profiles using temperature scanning spectrophotometry. The buffer conditions were 50 mM Tris, pH 7.2, and 1 mM EDTA. The average of the inverse temperature transitions, average hydrophobicity, total van der Waals volume, partial molal volume and hydration potential were calculated by computational methods. The hemolysed avian Hbs have a lower oxygen affinity, higher thermal stability and higher self association than the mammalian Hbs. These observations are based on amino-acid composition, influence of ionic effectors, and the presence of Hb D in several avian Hbs. The results indicate that the avian Hbs have a more tense (T) conformation than the mammalian Hbs.
Insight into the kinetics and the mode of the interaction between smooth muscle calponin and F-actin.
Authors: Kołakowski Janusz , Dabrowska Renata
Published: December 2019

Kinetics of the smooth muscle calponin-F-actin interaction was studied by stopped-flow measurements of light scattering and fluorescence intensity of pyrene-labelled F-actin. The intensity and character of the changes in light scattering, and thus the mode of calponin binding to actin filaments leading to changes in their shape and bundling, depend on the molar ratio of the two proteins. Parallel measurements of pyrene-fluorescence quenching upon calponin binding revealed that intrinsic conformational changes in actin filaments are delayed relative to the binding process and are not markedly influenced by the mode of calponin binding. Bundling of actin filaments by calponin was not correlated with fluorescence changes and thus with alterations in the structure of actin filaments.
GATA-1 binding to the alphaV promoter negatively regulates expression of the integrin alphaV subunit in human leukemic K562 cells.
Authors: Czyz Małgorzata , Stasiak Marta , Boncela Joanna , Cierniewsk Czesław S
Published: December 2019

Recently we observed that the transcription factors Sp1 and Sp3 bind to the CTCCTCCTC sequence located between positions -194 and -172 of the alphaV promoter region and are directly involved in the regulation of transcriptional activity of the alphaV gene in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) (Czyz & Cierniewski, 1999, Eur. J. Biochem. 265, 638). In this report we provide evidence that the GATA-1 factor regulates alphaV expression during differentiation of pluripotent K562 cells induced either by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or butyric acid (BA) through interaction with the GATA element in the alphaV gene promoter. DNase I footprinting analysis revealed that region -413 to -408, covering the GATA binding site, was protected by nuclear extract from K562 cells. There was no protection of this region by HUVEC nuclear extract. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) analysis of nuclear extract of K562 cells treated with BA revealed an increase in GATA binding activity, which was associated with reduced alphaV mRNA and alphaV protein on the cell surface. Stimulation of K562 cells with PMA resulted in opposite effects: lower expression of GATA-1 was associated with increased levels of alphaV. We conclude that the GATA-1 transcription factor specifically binds to the GATA element in the alphaV gene promoter and negatively regulates alphaV gene expression.
Aromatic indolinic aminoxyls as antioxidants in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum lipid and protein oxidation.
Authors: Kulawiak-Gałaska Dorota , Woźniak Michał , Greci Lucedio
Published: December 2019

The results presented demonstrate the influence of aromatic indolinic aminoxyls: 1,2-dihydro-2-ethyl-2-phenyl-3H-indole-3-phenylimino-1-oxyl (IA-C2) and 1,2-dihydro-2-octadecyl-2-phenyl-3H-indole-3-phenylimino-1-oxyl (IA-C18) on oxidation of lipids and proteins of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes. We have used doxorubicin and t-butyl hydroperoxide as agents inducing oxidative stress in isolated rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane system. Carbonyl groups were measured as the end product of membrane protein oxidation, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were assessed as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Inhibition of peroxidation of certain membrane components depends on the length of acyl chain. Aminoxyl IA-C2 inhibits the lipid peroxidation process while IA-C18 is an efficient protector against protein oxidation.
The influence of intracellular idarubicin and daunorubicin levels on drug cytotoxicity in childhood acute leukemia.
Authors: Styczyński Jan , Wysocki Mariusz , Debski Robert , Kurylak Andrzej , Balwierz Walentyna , Rokicka-Milewska Roma , Matysiak Michał , Balcerska Anna , Kowalczyk Jerzy , Wachowiak Jacek , Sońta-Jakimczyk Danuta , Chybicka Alicja
Published: December 2019

Uptake and efflux of two anthracyclines, idarubicin (IDA) and daunorubicin (DNR), was studied in childhood acute leukemia samples. A comparison of IDA and DNR transport phenomena in relation to drug cytotoxicity and expression of P-glycoprotein (PGP) was made. Intracellular content of IDA/DNR was determined by flow cytometry using the fluorescent properties of the drugs. In vitro drug cytotoxicity was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. PGP expression was analysed by flow cytometry. The uptake and efflux rates were non-significantly higher for IDA than DNR. There were no differences between three types of leukemia with respect to drug content during accumulation and retention. After correction for the cell volume, intracellular concentration of both drugs in each moment of uptake and efflux was significantly lower in relapsed ALL and AML samples in comparison with initial ALL cells. Efflux, but not uptake, of both drugs was inversely correlated with PGP expression and IDA, but not DNR, cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity was correlated with drug accumulation for both drugs and with drug retention for IDA. In conclusion, it seems that (1) intracellular content was related to the lipophilic properties of the drugs rather than to the type of leukemia, (2) decreased intracellular concentration of both drugs might have an impact on compromised therapy results in AML and relapsed ALL children, (3) IDA presents higher cytotoxicity, which possibly might be decreased by the presence of PGP. These results might have a practical impact on the rational design of new chemotherapy protocols.
New carbocyclic analogues of netropsin: synthesis and inhibition of topoisomerases.
Authors: Pućkowska Anna , Bielawski Krzysztof , Bielawska Anna , Rózański Andrzej
Published: December 2019

A series of carbocyclic analogues of netropsin were synthesized and evaluated for their capacity to inhibit human topoisomerases I and II in vitro. The compounds are oligopeptides containing 1,4-di- and 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzene rings and unsubstituted N-terminal NH2 groups. Compounds 4-7 consist of two netropsin-like units linked by aliphatic (tetra- and hexamethylene) chains. In the topoisomerase I and II assay, the relaxation of pBR322 plasmid was inhibited by compounds 4-7 at 100 microM concentration.
Synthesis and biological activity of N(alpha)-[4-[N-[(3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-6-quinazolinyl)methyl]-N-propargylamino]phenylacetyl]-L-glutamic acid.
Authors: Kusakiewicz-Dawid Anna , Bugaj Marta , Dzik Jolanta M , Gołos Barbara , Wińska Patrycja , Pawełczak Krzysztof , Rzeszotarska Barbara , Rode Wojciech
Published: December 2019

2-Deamino-2-methyl-N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid (ICI 198583) is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase. Its analogue, N(alpha)-[4-[N-[(3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-6-quinazolinyl)methyl]-N-propargylamino]phenylacetyl]-L-glutamic acid, containing p-aminophenylacetic acid residue substituting p-aminobenzoic acid residue, was synthesized. The new analogue exhibited a moderately potent thymidylate synthase inhibition, of linear mixed type vs. the cofactor, N(5,10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate. The Ki value of 0.34 microM, determined with a purified recombinant rat hepatoma enzyme, was about 30-fold higher than that reported for inhibition of thymidylate synthase from mouse leukemia L1210 cells by ICI 198583 (Hughes et al., 1990, J. Med. Chem. 33, 3060). Growth of mouse leukemia L5178Y cells was inhibited by the analogue (IC50 = 1.26 mM) 180-fold weaker than by ICI 198583 (IC50 = 6.9 microM).
Changes in the cellular behaviour of human colonic cell line Caco-2 in response to butyrate treatment.
Authors: Dzierzewicz Zofia , Orchel Arkadiusz , Weglarz Ludmila , Latocha Małgorzata , Wilczok Tadeusz
Published: December 2019

Gut-derived adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells were treated with sodium butyrate (NaB) at physiologically relevant concentrations. We characterized its effects on proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion to the solid support and interleukin-8 secretion. Differentiation was determined by brush border alkaline phosphatase activity. Apoptosis was assessed by acridine orange and Hoechst stains. Differentiation and apoptosis were analyzed in both adherent and floating cell populations. The transformed Caco-2 cells did not retain their malignant phenotype in the presence of NaB. They appeared to undergo a change in the phenotype induced by NaB, as indicated by reduced proliferation, enhanced differentiation, stimulation of apoptosis leading to decreased viability of cells, and stimulation of interleukin-8 secretion. Considering all the above facts and data, we postulate that Caco-2 cells cultured in NaB supplemented medium could regain the phenotypic characteristics of the phenotype of the parent cell from which originated the Caco-2 line.
Monitoring of urine nitric oxide (NO) related substrates and immunological competence in hematological malignancy.
Authors: Tanaka Junko , Koshimura Kunio , Tsumori Michihiro , Murakami Yoshio , Kato Yuzuru
Published: December 2019

It has been reported that concentrations of neopterin in the urine are changed according to the host immunological conditions. In the present study, we measured urinary concentration of neopterin in patients with malignant hematological disorders and investigated the relationship between urinary neopterin levels and laboratory indices for cellular immunity. Urine neopterin levels were correlated with serum sIL-2R levels in the patients with malignant lymphoma, and inversely correlated with lymphocyte reactivity with ConA in the patients with acute myelocytic leukemia. However, no significant correlation was observed between urine neopterin levels and lymphocyte reactivity with phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, CD4/8 ratio, CD56+ 16+ subset or serum IFN-gamma levels. In the patients with malignant lymphoma, parallel changes in serum sIL-2R and urine neopterin were observed. The presented results suggest that urine neopterin levels are related to the activation of T cells in malignant lymphoma.
Adhesive properties of carcinoembryonic antigen glycoforms expressed in glycosylation-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cell lines.
Authors: Krop-Watorek Anna , Klopocki Arkadiusz G , Czerwinski Marcin , Lisowska Elwira
Published: December 2019

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an oncofoetal cell surface glycoprotein that serves as an important tumour marker for colorectal and some other carcinomas. Its immunoglobulin-like structure places CEA within the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEA functions in several biological roles including homotypic and heterotypic (with other CEA family members) cell adhesion. Cell-cell interaction can be modulated by different factors, e.g., post-translational modifications such as glycosylation. The purpose of this study was to examine whether changes in carbohydrate composition of CEA oligosaccharides can influence homotypic (CEA-CEA) interactions. In order to modulate glycosylation of CEA we used two different glycosylation mutants of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, Lec2 and Lec8. Lec2 cells should produce CEA with nonsialylated N-glycans, while Lec8 cells should yield more truncated sugar structures than Lec2. Parental CHO (Pro5) cells and the glycosylation deficient mutants were stably transfected with CEA cDNA. All three CEA glycoforms, tested in a solid-phase cell adhesion assay, showed an ability to mediate CEA-dependent cell adhesion, and no qualitative differences in the adhesion between the glycoforms were observed. Thus, it may be assumed that carbohydrates do not play a role in homotypic adhesion, and the interactions between CEA molecules depend solely on the polypeptide structure.
Field Spectroradiometry for African Oil Palm Plantations in the Pacific of Costa Rica
Authors: Masís Campos Ramón Alberto , Reyes Chaves Jonnathan Francisco , Arce Mesén Rafael , Martínez Barbáchano Rubén
Published: December 2019

This study allowed the leaf-scale spectral characterization of African oil palm by conducting field work with a portable spectroradio meter in plantations of the Central and South Pacific of Costa Rica. Spectral  signatures of healthy, diseased and nutrient-deficient oil palms were collected. A geodatabase was designed and implemented for geographical, spectral and phytosanitary records. Determination of spectral signatures allows developing spectral libraries of different types of vegetation, soils and water. It also improves the classification of satellite images for thematic cartography and provides the calculation of multiple indices, among others. Healthy vegetation presents low reflectivity in the visible, although there is a peak in the green wavelength due to the presence of chlorophyll. The spectral behavior of diseased vegetation shows a reflectivity curve with a decrease in the infrared and an increase in the red and blue wavelengths. Reflectivity also depends on the water content of the plant.
Summary
Authors: Agrogeoambiental Revista
Published: December 2019

Summary
A SYSTEM APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS IN THE CONCEPT OF STATISTICAL SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Rashitovich Safiullin Marat , Valentinovich Chekhlomin Sergey , Vladimirovna Aksyanova Anna
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The paper deals with the assessment and analysis of regional innovation systems. It is noted that the quantitative criterion of innovation effectiveness as the degree of influence of resources spent on obtaining the target result is practically not used in the analysis of the development of regional economic systems.

Methodology: The issues of quantitative measurement of the effectiveness, performance, and sustainability of the regional innovation system development are considered. According to the methodology proposed by the authors based on an assessment of the materiality and sustainability of statistical relationships between factor and result indicators of innovation activity, a multidimensional statistical analysis concerning the development of the Russian Federation regions by the level of innovative activity was carried out.

Result: The principle of division of the space formed by innovative activity features according to their functional significance in the system is formulated. A method of identifying sustainable relationships between elements of a regional innovation system within the process approach concept has been tested. Special groups of factors that have a statistically significant effect on innovation activity are identified. Methods for calculating effectiveness and performance indexes in categories of statistical variation are proposed. The differentiation of regions by the innovative development determinants is revealed. The conclusions about the feasibility of applying the presented methodology for a reliable assessment of the effectiveness of regional innovation system development are made.

Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.

Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of A system approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional innovation systems in the concept of statistical sustainability is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
TEGAS DESA TRADITION: MANIFESTATION OF LOCAL CULTURAL WISDOM OF AGRARIAN COMMUNITY IN NGASEM SRAGEN INDONESIA
Authors: Yuliani Saputri Ardian , Saddhono Kundharu , Sulaksono Djoko
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the study: Tegas Desa tradition has been performed by the people of Ngasem Village for generations and is the heritage of the ancestors whose values ​​are still upheld. This study aims to describe the Tegas Desa tradition of Ngasem village agrarian community, identify Tegas Desa tradition as local cultural wisdom, describe ubarampe or offerings needed in performing the tradition, and explain the procession of the Tegas Desa tradition.

Methodology: This study is a qualitative descriptive study with an ethnographic approach. The data were sourced from the informants including the caretaker, village officials, and villagers. The data used were in the form of texts from interviews with informants, videos, photographs, relevant studies, and relevant books. The data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies.

Main Findings: The results show that Tegas Desa tradition is a manifestation of gratitude for the rice yields of the agrarian community in Ngasem Village. The Ngasem Village community still believes in Javanese customs and culture whose values ​​are still upheld. Ubarampe or offerings use a lot of different types of foods. There are some differences or reductions in the implementation of the present tradition and the past.

Applications of this study: The implications of the study can be social capital in preserving a culture that can be used as a reinforcement of the nation's character through mutual cooperation, unity, and harmony among citizens. Tegas Desa tradition can be used as a local asset to get the support of the local government to preserve cultural heritage as a form of local cultural wisdom of the agrarian community.

Novelty/Originality of this study: There is no or has not been any study that discusses Tegas Desa tradition carried out by the agrarian community of Ngasem Village.
Inversión social privada y desarrollo local en Colombia. Estudio comparativo a partir de programas de empresas y fundaciones
Authors: Romero Amaya María Claudia , Pérez Hoyos Óscar Iván
Published: December 2019

El objetivo del estudio es determinar la forma en que la inversión social privada (ISP) se articula con el desarrollo local, a partir del aná­lisis comparativo de 37 programas ejecutados por empresas y fundaciones en Colombia, en el marco de sus estrategias de responsabilidad social y sostenibilidad, y de dos categorías: dimensiones del desarrollo local (económica, sociocultural, de gobernanza y ambiental), y características estructurales de los programas (localización y plazo). El artículo muestra que la inversión social no se articula de manera integral al desarrollo local, debido a que mues­tra patrones de convergencia en aspectos de las dimensiones económica y sociocultural, y patrones de divergencia en lo relacionado con las dimensiones de gobernanza y ambiental. Además, la ISP no tiene la capacidad de hacer aportes significativos al cierre de las brechas territoriales del país, ya que se concentra en los departamentos y sectores urbanos con los mejores indicadores socioeconómicos.
Ethical and Legal Considerations for the Inclusion of Underserved and Underrepresented Immigrant Populations in Precision Health and Genomic Research in the United States
Authors: Wagner Jennifer K.
Published: December 2019

There has been growing recognition of the importance of diversity and inclusion of underrepresented minority populations, including immigrants, in genomic research and precision medicine. Achieving diversity has been difficult and has led some scholars to question whether the law is a help or a threat to the inclusion of underserved and underrepresented immigrant populations. In this commentary, I provide an overview of some of the many relevant legal issues affecting the inclusion of immigrants in genomic research and precision health initiatives, such as the All of UsSM Research Program. Development of research recruit­ment, retention, and data collection plans without also considering the legal and sociopolitical context within which such efforts are to be carried out is risky. Advanc­ing health policy with a goal of eliminating health disparities (or, at a minimum, ensur­ing that health disparities are not exacerbat­ed by genomic or precision health tech­nologies) requires us to acknowledge the negative effects that immigration policy and criminal justice policy have on the involve­ment of immigrants in such research and on their health directly. I conclude that it is not a question of whether the law is a help or a threat but, rather, whether we collectively will prioritize authentic diversity and inclu­sion policies and also insist on compliance with the laws intended to ensure the human right of every individual – regardless of im­migration status or national origin – to share in the advancement of science.Ethn Dis.2019;29(Suppl 3):641-650;doi:10.18865/ed.29.S3.641
The Use of Racial Categories in Precision Medicine Research
Authors: Callier Shawneequa
Published: December 2019

Scholars have shown that promoting di­versity and inclusion in precision medicine research is important for ethical and scien­tific reasons. The processes for classifying the populations that enroll in biomedi­cal research, however, are often unclear, inconsistent, and poorly justified. Precision medicine research promises increasingly meticulous approaches to defining research cohorts and assessing the multivariate fac­tors at the root of racial health disparities. Insofar as precision medicine is promoted to members of historically underrepresented populations as a tool for illuminating these factors, the use of race-based classifications is fraught with risks for society and medi­cine. This article examines the drivers and limitations of the ongoing use of race by investigators juxtaposed with recent efforts to enroll underrepresented populations in precision medicine research.Ethn Dis.2019;29(Suppl 3):651-658;doi:10.18865/ed.29.S3.651
Geraghty Contractions in Ordered Uniform Spaces
Authors: Öztürk Vildan
Published: December 2019

Banach
contraction principle is  first and most
essential result in the fixed point theory. There are many generalisations of
this principle in the literature. One of them is Geraghty contraction. In this
work, Geraghty type contraction was defined via E-distance and common fixed
point theorems were proved for two mappings satisfying Geraghty type
contraction in ordered uniform spaces. Also, some results of these theorems were
obtained.
ANALISA PERFORMA TURBIN ANGIN SUMBU HORISONTAL BERSUDU AIRFOIL MELALUI VARIASI JUMLAH SUDU
Authors: Jhon Wabang A , Jufra Abanat D.J , Edwin Hattu
Published: December 2019

Indonesia is an area that has the potential for sufficient wind resources to be utilized for kinetic energy into other energy such as mechanical energy and electrical energy through its generators (generators). The way to utilize wind kinetic energy into other energy is through a device called a wind turbine. Wind turbines have been around since ancient times, and are called airfoil angled wind turbines. This airfoil wind turbine is designed only for areas with average wind speeds above 6m / s. While in Indonesia not all regions have the same wind speed. In certain seasons, the average wind speed is below 6 m / s. This has become a major problem in regions that have average wind speeds below 6 m / s. Seeing this condition, there is a need for scientific research to obtain wind turbines that can be used in areas with average wind speeds below 5m / s. For this reason, the research I want to do is get a wind turbine that can be used as a power plant in areas that have wind speeds below 6m / s. This research was conducted on the basis of scientific theory in fluid mechanics regarding the sweeping area of wind turbines and the performance of variations in the number of blades in the wind. In addition, the research in several scientific journals was used as the basis of this research

This research method is an experimental method, in the form of testing a wind turbine axis prototype horizontal and airfoil axis. The details of the research activity are the design and manufacture of laboratory scale horizontal airfoil axis turbines. Next, testing with a fan as a source of wind. The fan used has three variations of speed, all of which are used to determine the lowest average wind speed that can be applied. The results of the research are where wind turbines with the greatest torque and power and the Coefficient of Performance (CP) with the highest value will be used as a result to be applied to the community. Based on experimental data, it can be concluded that the greatest torque and power occur in turbines with 4 blades with details at speed 1, the largest torque and power are 0.201 Nm and 4.5 W; at speed 2, the biggest torque and power are 0.25 Nm and 7.21 W; at speed 3, the biggest torque and power are 0.28 Nm and 8.35 W

Keywords: wind turbine, airfoil, nozzle, diffuser
OPTIMASI PARAMETER PEMESINAN WIRE ELECTRIC DISCHARGE MACHINING BAJA PERKAKAS SKD 11 MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI
Authors: Okik Aris Setiawan , Dwi Djumhariyanto , Santoso Mulyadi
Published: December 2019

EDM wire is one of the non-conventional machinings that is currently widely used in the manufacturing industry because it can process workpieces with hard material and also produces excellent dimensional accuracy. This research was carried out with variable current, voltage and wire speed processes. While the response variable is the material removal rate and cutting width (kerf), this study aims to determine the effect of each factor on each response as well as on the combined response and to find the right combination of parameters to produce optimal response values. The results of the study stated that the current strong factor contributed 89.84% and the wire speed factor was 8.26% against the cutting width response (kerf). The current strong element contributes 87.88% to the material removal rate response. As for the combined response, the influential factor was wire speed with a contribution of 92.79%. The optimal combination of parameters in the combined response is 7 amperes, 5 volts and 10 m / s wire speed. The conclusion of this study informs that the smaller the current strength, the better the value of the cutting width, while the more significant the current force will result in a higher removal rate material. The factor that influences the combined response is wire speed, where the increase in the value of the wire speed increases the amount of the Gray Relational Grade from the combined response.

Keywords: Wire EDM, SKD 11 Steel, Taguchi, Optimization
Too Scared to Teach: Secondary Students’ Insights into Educators Silencing and Stigmatization of Gender and Sexual Diversity in Public Schools in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Surette Tanya
Published: December 2019

Despite a growing awareness of the disparities experienced by gender and sexual minority students related to academic attainment and well-being, some teachers continue to avoid discussing gender and sexual diversity. Through the use of narrative inquiry, this study captured the experiences of six secondary students pertaining to the general absence of discussions of gender and sexual diversity and the misinformed way this controversial topic was being handled at school. These students attributed their teachers’ silence to fear, being uneducated, and apathy. Through encountering the student narratives, implications for teachers aspiring to create inclusive learning spaces for this population are shared.
Book Review: The Smartest Kids in the World and How They Got That Way
Authors: Lamb Iris , Fell Adam
Published: December 2019

A succinct and critical review of Amanda Ripley's 2013 book about the highest-scoring countries in the world of international comparative educational tests, "The Smartest Kids in the World and How They Got That Way."
Cronotipo, jetlag social y rendimiento académico en adolescentes peruanos: una explicación desde la hipótesis ambiental
Authors: Cárdenas Egúsquiza Ana Lucía , López Villavicencio Carlos
Published: December 2019

El objetivo del estudio ha sido establecer la relación entre el cronotipo, el jet lag social y el rendimiento académico de adolescentes entre catorce y dieciséis años que cursaban el cuarto o el quinto grados de educación secundaria en un colegio particular de Lima, Perú. Así mismo, se buscó comparar dicha relación con las asignaturas de matemática y lenguaje, así como con el sexo de los participantes. Se aplicó a 129 alumnos (68 mujeres, 61 hombres) la Escala de Matutinidad/Vespertinidad para niños y adolescentes (MESC) y una encuesta de jet lag social. Los resultados, basados en regresiones múltiples, muestran que, en una ciudad como Lima, Perú, cercana a la línea ecuatorial, tender a la matutinidad está relacionado con experimentar menos jet lag social y dicha relación no depende del sexo, lo que confirma que las diferencias en matutinidad/vespertinidad según el sexo del adolescente, aún no están claras y parecen variar según el contexto ambiental y cultural. Por otro lado, se halló que ni el cronotipo ni el jet lag social influyen en el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes limeños. Se concluye que la relación entre el cronotipo y el jet lag social trasciende las diferencias culturales y ambientales (por ejemplo, la latitud) y constituye un factor biológico característico de la adolescencia. Finalmente, se considera que las características ambientales de una ciudad de baja latitud que ocasionan que sus habitantes tienden a la matutinidad, podrían explicar los hallazgos en cuanto al rendimiento académico de los adolescentes limeños