bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF SINGLE AND MIXED CROPS OF PERMANENT GRASS ON SOIL ENZYMIC ACTIVITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors: Марковская Галина , Markovskaya Galina , Гусева Светлана , Guseva Svetlana
Published: May 2019

The research is aimed at the development of effective methods to restore soil fertility under intensive agrogenic loads. The studies were conducted in the fields of the Department of Plant Cultivation and Agriculture from 2016 to 2018. The following variants of single-species and mixed crops of perennial grasses were studied: 1. awnless brome; 2. crested wheat grass; 3. awnless brome + smooth brome; 4. crested wheat grass + Agropyron; 5 awnless brome + smooth brome + Hungarian sainfoin; 6. crested wheat grass + Agropyron + Hungarian sainfoin. Medium soil samples were taken from the experimental field from all variants of single-species and mixed crops of perennial grasses in triplicate in three periods: beginning, middle, and end of the growing season. Samples were taken from depth of
0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. Bacteria number was assessed by sowing special soil mixture on the solid sterile MPA media according to the method of J. Sega. Enzyme activity was determined by the method of A. Sh. Galstyan. When studying the activity of PPO, a high activity of this enzyme was observed in the soil layer of 20-40 cm. The analysis of the activity of the enzyme peroxidase has various indicators both between the studied variants and in the soil section. The high activity of the enzymes was noted in the variants «awnless brome + smooth brome» and «crested wheat grass + Agropyron + Hungarian sainfoin». In the process of research, a correlation was found between peroxidase activity and the number of bacteria. The highest coefficient of humification was noted in the «awnless brome», the lowest – «crested wheat grass + Agropyron + Hungarian sainfoin». From 2016 to 2018, in the first variant, a decrease in the coefficient of humification is observed. Thus, of the above options, with the optimal species composition, the following options turned out to be: « awnless brome», «awnless brome +smooth brome», «awnless brome +smooth brome + Hungarian sainfoin». Research data were processed by the dispersion method.
Relational Contracts, Multiple Agents, and Correlated Outputs
Authors: Kvaløy Ola , Olsen Trond E.
Published: May 2019

We analyze relational contracts between a principal and a set of risk-neutral agents whose outputs are correlated. When only the agents’ aggregate output can be observed, a team incentive scheme is shown to be optimal, where each agent is paid a bonus for aggregate output above a threshold. We show that the efficiency of the team incentive scheme depends on the way in which the team members’ outputs are correlated. The reason is that correlation affects the variance of total output and thus, the precision of the team’s performance measure. Negatively correlated contributions reduce the variance of total output, and this improves incentives for each team member in the setting that we consider. This also has implications for optimal team size. If the team members’ outputs are negatively correlated, more agents in the team can improve efficiency. We then consider the case where individual outputs are observable. A tournament scheme with a threshold is then optimal, where the threshold depends on an agent’s relative performance. We show that correlation affects both the efficiency and design of the optimal tournament scheme.

This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting.
Participatory Concept Mapping as an Integration Tool in Mixed Methods Research: Exploring Preservice Teachers’ Epistemic Cognition and Teaching Orientation
Authors: Bendixen Lisa D. , Klimow Nicole
Published: May 2019

Our goal for this article is two-fold: 1) to examine the efficacy of participatory concept mapping as an integration tool for mixed methods research (MMR), and 2) to explore, using concept mapping, pre-service teachers’ epistemic cognition (EC) and its relationship to teaching orientation (TO). Using a combined developmental and dimensional framework, preservice teachers’ (N=48) concept maps about their (EC) and (TO) were investigated. Analyses revealed that the majority of the participants were consistent with the EC profiles of either: 1) absolutist, 2) multiplist, or 3) evaluativist. Participants’ EC and TO were clearly linked and implications for learning, instruction, and teacher education are discussed. Finally, concept mapping was deemed an effective tool for MMR especially as it pertains to integration.
Vernacular mapping: Site dance and embodied urban cartographies
Authors: Hunter Victoria
Published: May 2019

In this article I explore the potential of site-based dance and performance to influence and inform subjective, cartographic processes of connecting and situating oneself in urban locations. ‘Vernacular mapping’ is explored as a process by which subjective urban experiences, trajectories and associations are mapped by individuals and retained and developed as cartographic tools through which we navigate and negotiate lived environments. The concept stems from critical geography and non-representational theory and proposes a progressive, contemporary approach in which individual routes, trajectories and vectors of mobility challenge the ‘representational certitude of cartography’. From this perspective I consider how encounters with site-based dance and performance might inform vernacular mapping processes and impact subjective-site relations.
MESH: The Ensemble City – Public rituals of togetherness
Authors: Grasse Vanessa
Published: May 2019

This artist contribution article gives an insight into some of the somatic, choreographic and theoretical enquiry that underpins MESH project, through a combination of journal entries and reflective writing. MESH is an open-ended research and a participatory choreographic work for public spaces. It is a response to our divisive global political climate and it is concerned with the ecology of relational experiences and the somatic preconditions of our social relations. The group choreographic investigation invites people to join in the making of rituals of togetherness in different public urban spaces. A group of dancers and local residents weave through streets, indoor and outdoor public spaces, creating cooperative and self-organizing formations responding to sites and passers-by. These urban gatherings ask how a participatory choreography for a large group can bring people together to offer an experience of interdependence and cooperation through a shared physical experience. It explores the choreographic-social potential of a collaborative, responsive and self-organizing open group, whilst reimagining new forms of public collective presence.
The politics of participatory choreographic practice in urban public space
Authors: Cassani Beth
Published: May 2019

MESH is an improvised participatory dance practice developed by dance artist Vanessa Grasse in 2017 and performed in urban public spaces. This article brings together discourses from site performance and contemporary participatory performance practices to examine site adaptivity, mobility and dialogue. I distinguish between site-adaptive practices in urban settings which simply meet the demands of the neo-liberal environment, and those which engage with site in a way that necessitates discursive and ethical modes of criticality. I suggest that trends born out of the social and ethical turns in contemporary performance can be seen to be informing strategies for relational choreographic practices in urban public space. I explore how Mesh illustrates this by analysing the methods and strategies used by Grasse and the dancers to disrupt social norms and to foster social interaction.
Avaliação da Atenção Primária e a percepção do usuário sobre a qualidade da assistência: um estudo em cidade brasileira
Authors: Turci Maria Aparecida , Lima e Costa Maria Fernanda , Macinko James A.
Published: May 2019

Existem evidências de que o fortalecimento da APS que gera os melhores resultados é aquele onde o conjunto de suas funções é desenvolvido e onde há a abordagem da APS como orientadora do sistema de saúde5. Na realidade brasileira, com a expansão da cobertura da atenção básica como resultado das políticas públicas, vem se buscando métodos de avaliação da sua efetividade. O governo brasileiro criou o Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) com objetivo de ampliar o acesso e a qualidade do cuidado na atenção básica através do monitoramento e avaliação de sua estrutura, seus processos e resultados. Apesar da sua relevância, o instrumento utilizado possui parâmetros de avaliação ainda em processo de validação e que não foram construídos visando verificar os atributos da APS. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar se existe associação entre a qualidade da APS - medida a partir de seus atributos na visão dos profissionais de saúde - e a qualidade da atenção à saúde num município com APS desenvolvida.
Organização do cuidado às condições crônicas na atenção primária à saúde de Sobral-CE: avaliação de processo na perspectiva de gestores
Authors: Ribeiro Marcos Aguiar , Napoleão Albuquerque Izabelle Mont’Alverne , Cunha Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm , Mayorga Fenando Daniel de Oliveira , Ximenes Neto Francisco Rosemiro Guimarães , Silveira Nayana Cíntia
Published: May 2019

Têm se como objetivo identificar, a partir do processo de trabalho de gestores, as estratégias de organização e gestão do cuidado às condições crônicas Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e Diabetes Mellius na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo, de um recorte de uma pesquisa avaliativa. A coleta de dados se deu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com gestores da saúde e fontes documentes, no município de Sobral–CE, no ano de 2017. Os discursos foram analisados por com suporte do software NVivo11. A partir então, identificou-se que no que se refere a atenção as condições crônicas, foram desenvolvidas estratégias de organização e gestão do cuidado, tais como a instituição de Protocolos, a Estratificação de Risco e o desenvolvimento de processos de Educação Permanente dos trabalhadores. Enfatiza-se a necessidade da modificação de uma atenção prescritiva e centrada na doença para a colaborativa e com foco na pessoa. Em que o cuidado é realizado com base no modo cooperativo, conforme as necessidades dos usuários, com o compartilhamento de responsabilidades, o apoio a autonomia e a decisão compartilhada
Plasma and dried blood spot lysosphingolipids for the diagnosis of different sphingolipidoses: a comparative study
Authors: Polo Giulia , Burlina Alessandro P. , Ranieri Enzo , Colucci Francesca , Rubert Laura , Pascarella Antonia , Duro Giovanni , Tummolo Albina , Padoan Andrea , Plebani Mario , Burlina Alberto B.
Published: May 2019

Background

Lysosphingolipids, the N-deacylated forms of sphingolipids, have been identified as potential biomarkers of several sphingolipidoses, such as Gaucher, Fabry, Krabbe and Niemann-Pick diseases and in GM1 and GM2 gangliosidoses. To date, different methods have been developed to measure various lysosphingolipids (LysoSLs) in plasma. Here, we present a novel liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for a simultaneous quantification of LysoSLs (HexSph, LysoGb3, LysoGM1, LysoGM2, LysoSM and LysoSM509) in dried blood spot (DBS). This LC-MS/MS method was used to compare the levels of LysoSLs in DBS and plasma in both affected patients and healthy controls.

Methods

Lysosphingolipids were extracted from a 3.2 mm diameter DBS with a mixture of methanol:acetonitrile:water (80:15:5, v/v) containing internal stable isotope standards. Chromatographic separation was performed using a C18 column with a gradient of water and acetonitrile both with 0.1% formic acid in a total run time of 4 min. The compounds were detected in the positive ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM).

Results

The method was validated on DBS to demonstrate specificity, linearity, lowest limit of quantification, accuracy and precision. The reference ranges were determined in pediatric and adult populations. The elevated levels of LysoSLs were identified in Gaucher disease (HexSph), Fabry disease (LysoGb3), prosaposin deficiency (HexSph and LysoGb3) and Niemann-Pick disease types A/B and C (LysoSM and LysoSM509). The correlation in the levels between DBS and plasma was excellent for LysoGb3 and HexSph but poor for LysoSM and LysoSM509.

Conclusions

Despite the fact that plasma LysoSLs determination remains the gold standard, our LC-MS/MS method allows a rapid and reliable quantification of lysosphingolipids in DBS. The method is a useful tool for the diagnosis of different sphingolipidoses except for Niemann-Pick type C.
Reinterpretation of Civilization
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhang Jie
Published: May 2019

The interpretation of civilization has always been controversial, and it is even difficult for academic circles to distinguish between civilization and culture. Researchers often use the method of scientific induction to generalize and define civilization from their respective angles. In fact, the concept of civilization is very complicated and difficult to explain from a single perspective. This article attempts to explore the multiple interpretations of civilization from the forward and reverse interaction of civilization development, different perspectives of civilization interpretation such as history, literature, and language, and the problem consciousness of civilization interpretation. From the perspective of history, civilization is formed by a series of specific historic events and social changes. From that of literature, civilization transcends specific historical events, is formed in the process of replacing old and new societies, and is of universal significance. Interpreted from the perspective of language signs, civilization is only an expression of human language signs, which are carriers of civilization, etc. As human society continues to develop, the interpretation of civilization continues to change. The meaning of civilization cannot be determined. We can only approach it through constant questioning and exploration. Because the understanding of civilization is multi-perspective, the interpretation of civilization is dynamic.
Education, Signs, and the History of Ideas
Authors: Olteanu Alin , Campbell Cary
Published: May 2019

This interview/dialogue addresses an important issue of how educational semiotics is grounded in the history of ideas. The discussions concern the shared history of semiotics and liberal education; the modern university and its medieval antecedents; semiotic consciousness, the traces of which are found in both Christianity and Islam (and the hermeneutics of Abrahamic and mystical religions, in general); intercultural translation; the relationship between learning (conceptualized edusemiotically) and biosemiotics, and how our social understandings of learning determine and shape our basic relationship to the world. Touching on the concepts of scaffolding and evolution, the chapter discusses adaptation in relation to learning, social semiotics and contemporary social reality, while imploring us to consider education in terms of its service to learning (and not the other way around).

Campbell: This interview was originally published as a recorded podcast-interview in 2017, on philosophasters.org as part of the interview series Signs of Life. Thank you to Thomas Hoeller for recording and editing the sound and music, and Marion Benkaiouche for transcribing the interview. Thank you, Inna Semetsky, for summarizing the dialogue, included in part in the above abstract description. Please bear in mind that as this interview was conducted two years ago, the author´s current ideas on some of these topics may have changed.
More than just a pressure relief valve: physiological roles of volume-regulated LRRC8 anion channels
Authors: Chen Lingye , König Benjamin , Liu Tianbao , Pervaiz Sumaira , Razzaque Yasmin S. , Stauber Tobias
Published: May 2019

The volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) is a key player in the volume regulation of vertebrate cells. This ubiquitously expressed channel opens upon osmotic cell swelling and potentially other cues and releases chloride and organic osmolytes, which contributes to regulatory volume decrease (RVD). A plethora of studies have proposed a wide range of physiological roles for VRAC beyond volume regulation including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, apoptosis, intercellular communication by direct release of signaling molecules and by supporting the exocytosis of insulin. VRAC was additionally implicated in pathological states such as cancer therapy resistance and excitotoxicity under ischemic conditions. Following extensive investigations, 5 years ago leucine-rich repeat-containing family 8 (LRRC8) heteromers containing LRRC8A were identified as the pore-forming components of VRAC. Since then, molecular biological approaches have allowed further insight into the biophysical properties and structure of VRAC. Heterologous expression, siRNA-mediated downregulation and genome editing in cells, as well as the use of animal models have enabled the assessment of the proposed physiological roles, together with the identification of new functions including spermatogenesis and the uptake of antibiotics and platinum-based cancer drugs. This review discusses the recent molecular biological insights into the physiology of VRAC in relation to its previously proposed roles.
Humor production in long-term romantic relationships: What the lack of moderation by sex reveals about humor’s role in mating
Authors: Hall Jeffrey A.
Published: May 2019

This manuscript explores whether the associations between partner humor production and relationship satisfaction and humor’s importance in romantic relationships are moderated by sex. Study 1 reports a meta-analysis (k = 10;N = 2,167) of the association between partner humor production (i.e., perceived; partner effects) and relationship satisfaction, and whether associations were moderated by participant sex. Contrary to predictions, partner humor production was more strongly associated to men’s relationship satisfaction than women’s satisfaction. Study 2 surveyed pairs of romantic partners (N = 246) regarding their production of humor, their appreciation of partner humor, and the importance of humor in their relationship. Results indicated no moderations by sex in the association between partner humor production and humor’s importance in the relationship.
Diversity and size-structured persistence of tropical carnivores in a small, isolated protected area
Authors: Mohd-Azlan Jayasilan , Kaicheen Sally Soo , Lok Lisa , Brodie Jedediah F.
Published: May 2019

Protected areas are critical to biodiversity conservation. Yet many protected areas around the world are very small, and population persistence can be compromised in small habitat patches, particularly for large species. But we do not know how small is too small for long-term population viability, or the degree to which habitat area effects vary with mammal body size, for most tropical species. Here, diversity and species occurrence were assessed in a small national park that has long been isolated from other forest patches. The two largest Bornean carnivores, the Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) and sun bear (Helarctos malayanus), may be locally extinct, but 12 smaller carnivores appear to be persisting. The banded civet (Hemigalus derbyanus), the Malay civet (Viverra tangalunga) and the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) had relatively high occurrence rates and were found in all habitat types, though were more common in hill (banded civet) or lowland (common palm civet) forest (LF). Occurrence probabilities for all of these species and the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) were lower in areas more accessible to humans. Detection rates and estimated diversity suggest that this park has a small carnivore assemblage equivalent to those of much larger areas. These are the first results demonstrating size-specific vulnerability to area effects in Southeast Asian carnivores.
Struggling for Control
Authors: Clemens Iris
Published: May 2019

Beim Navigieren in sozialen Gefügen ist Unsicherheit keine Ausnahme, sondern im Gegenteil der Normalfall, so die These des Beitrags. Anhand der modernen Netzwerktheorie von Harrison C. White, einem ihrer derzeit prominentesten Vertreter, wird dies mit Hilfe der netzwerktheoretischen Theoriemodule der Einbettung, des Wechselns und der Netzwerk- Domänen skizziert. Die Netzwerktheorie als die Theorie des Dazwischen zeigt auf, wie Menschen unentrinnbar in kontinuierlichen, hoch störanfälligen und diffizilen „dances in identity and control“ verstrickt sind.
Vom Erröten
Authors: Althans Birgit
Published: May 2019

Der Text untersucht das körperliche Phänomen des Errötens als codiertes Zeichen der Unsicherheit. Er beginnt mit dem therapeutischen Umgang mit dem Erröten und seiner medizinischen Klassifikation im 21. Jahrhundert, um sich dann mit seiner literarischen Konstruktion und Codierung als weibliche Strategie, als Umgang mit Wissen und Nicht-Wissen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert (Defoe, Richardson, Rousseau, Austen) zu beschäftigen. Der Text endet mit einem literarischen Beispiel des männlichen Errötens (Wilder).
The effect of mechanochemical activation and γ-radiation to a depth of coal catalytic hydrogenation of deposit Mamyt
Authors: Kairbekov Zhaksyntay , Suimbayeva Saltanat , Jeldybayeva Indira , Kirali Murtezaoglu , Yermoldina Yelmira
Published: May 2019

This article presents the results of the mechanochemical activation of coal in a shock-grinding-type mill and the γ-radiation effect of a stream of electrons at the LU-6 electron accelerator. It was established that during the hydrogenation of dispersed coal, the yield of both total liquid products and coal distillates of various fractional composition increases. The maximum yield of liquid products (69.2 wt.%), gasoline (13.9 wt.%) and diesel (18.7 wt.%) fractions was observed during the hydrogenation of crushed coal for 30 min. It has been shown that the irradiation of coal with an electron flow (an irradiation dose of 150 kGy) also increases its reactivity in the process of hydrogenation, and also promotes the formation of free radicals and changes in iron compounds that make up the coal hydrogenation catalyst based on natural bauxite from the Turgai deposit. The non-linear regression method established the functional dependence of the yield of liquid products on the radiation dose, on the time of mechanical activation and on the concentration of free radicals, which are of an extreme nature.
IVAN BAHRІANYІ AND GEORGE ORWELL: COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO BIOGRAPHICAL INSIGHT
Authors: Кобута Світлана
Published: May 2019

The given article deals with the problem of comparison of literary and political works of Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell, as well as with an objective to prove that these two writers make up a far from random parallel for comparison.

On the basis of scientific works it proves that one can trace a genetic similarity in the main ideas highlighted in a number of works by these two writers. Both of them had a kind of indirect dialogue on the topics of freedom, equality and struggle against anti-humane regimes.

The article also highlights the face that there is more to the indirect dialogue of Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell than it seems. Biographical insight used for the research proves that both men faced similar struggles in their lives, their political views were really close and their interpretation of the ongoing events serves as evidence. Consequently the article brings to attention the fact that biographies of the writers might become a key for understanding their works and positions. Another fact to support the above-given idea is that both writers use their own lives and personal experience as a basis for literary interpretation; this was proved by the researches of both George Orwell and Ivan Bahrіanyі literary heritage. As a result we can research their works from the point of comparative typology in synchrony on the double grounds: the indirect dialogue about crucial human problems (mainly a solitary personal struggle against totalitarian regime) as well as usage of a similar artistic method to bring it to their audience.

The article deals with the problem of freedom as a core problem highlighted in literary and political works of Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell. It traces similarities and differences in the authors’ perception of the notion and ways it changes in various circumstances. It proves that the Ukrainian author pays more attention to the national aspect of freedom than his British counterpart does, which might be explained both by the differences in the worldviews (Ivan Bahrіanyі always defined himself as a socialistic patriot, while George Orwell often was perceived as a generalist and the citizen of the world) and by the political conditions of the nations the writers represent. In terms of personal freedom both authors claim it to be a crucial value for every person as it is closely connected with notions of dignity, self-respect, dreams realization etc. and defines the very existence of humankind.

Generally the article emphasizes the role and place of the writers in the anti-totalitarian discourse of the XX century. It draws attention to the fact that Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell devoted all their lives and literary efforts to the struggle for a free personality, who is not to be oppressed by any political regime.

Keywords: Ivan Bahrіanyі, George Orwell, typological approach, genetic similarity, indirect dialogue, freedom, liberty, anti-totalitarian discourse, dignity, biographical approach.
МІСЦЕ ГРЕКО-КАТОЛИЦЬКОГО ДУХОВЕНСТВА У БОЙКОТІ ПЕРЕПИСУ НАСЕЛЕННЯ 1921 р. У ГАЛИЧИНІ
Authors: Єгрешій Олег
Published: May 2019

У статті автор на основі широкої архівної джерельної бази з’ясовує місце греко-католицького духовенства у бойкоті перепису населення 1921 р. Автором визначено, що польські органи влади провели перепис населення аби показати визнання українцями приналежності галицьких земель до Польщі, а також продемонструвати перевагу польського населення в Галичині. З’ясовано, що близько половини українського населення Східної Галичини не взяло участі в переписі 1921 р. Українські політичні партії, громадські організації та Греко-католицька Церква бойкотували перепис. За активну громадянську позицію священиків піддавали репресіям: накладали штрафи, інтернували, арештовували. Польська адміністрація відстежувала діяльність випускників греко-католицьких духовних семінарій, які займали активну державницьку  позицію.

Ключові слова: Греко-католицька церква, перепис населення 1921 р., польська влада, репресивна політика, Східна Галичина.
РОЛЬ ГРЕКО-КАТОЛИЦЬКОГО ДУХОВЕНСТВА У ЗАСНУВАННІ ТА ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТОВАРИСТВА “ПРОСВІТА” (до 150-річчя створення)
Authors: Каськів Олег
Published: May 2019

У статті викладено роль греко-католицького духовенства у створенні і провадженні товариства “Просвіта”, впливові даного товариства на виховання в національно-патріотичному дусі молодого покоління та “пробудження галицького селянина”.
Genomic Selection for Yield and Seed Composition Traits Within an Applied Soybean Breeding Program
Authors: Stewart-Brown Benjamin B , Song Qijian , Vaughn Justin N , Li Zenglu
Published: May 2019

Genomic selection (GS) has become viable for selection of quantitative traits for which marker-assisted selection has often proven less effective. The potential of GS for soybean was characterized using 483 elite breeding lines, genotyped with BARCSoySNP6K iSelect BeadChips. Cross validation was performed using RR-BLUP and predictive abilities (rMP) of 0.81, 0.71, and 0.26 for protein, oil, and yield, were achieved at the largest tested training set size. Minimal differences were observed when comparing different marker densities and there appeared to be inflation in rMP due to population structure. For comparison purposes, two additional methods to predict breeding values for lines of four bi-parental populations within the GS dataset were tested. The first method predicted within each bi-parental population (WP method) and utilized a training set of full-sibs of the validation set. The second method utilized a training set of all remaining breeding lines except for full-sibs of the validation set to predict across populations (AP method). The AP method is more practical as the WP method would likely delay the breeding cycle and leverage smaller training sets. Averaging across populations for protein and oil content, rMP for the AP method (0.55, 0.30) approached rMP for the WP method (0.60, 0.52). Though comparable, rMP for yield was low for both AP and WP methods (0.12, 0.13). Based on increases in rMP as training sets increased and the effectiveness of WP vs. AP method, the AP method could potentially improve with larger training sets and increased relatedness between training and validation sets.
Restriction of Cellular Plasticity of Differentiated Cells Mediated by Chromatin Modifiers, Transcription Factors and Protein Kinases
Authors: Rahe Dylan P , Hobert Oliver
Published: May 2019

Ectopic expression of master regulatory transcription factors can reprogram the identity of specific cell types. The effectiveness of such induced cellular reprogramming is generally greatly reduced if the cellular substrates are fully differentiated cells. For example, in the nematode C. elegans, the ectopic expression of a neuronal identity-inducing transcription factor, CHE-1, can effectively induce CHE-1 target genes in immature cells but not in fully mature non-neuronal cells. To understand the molecular basis of this progressive restriction of cellular plasticity, we screened for C. elegans mutants in which ectopically expressed CHE-1 is able to induce neuronal effector genes in epidermal cells. We identified a ubiquitin hydrolase, usp-48, that restricts cellular plasticity with a notable cellular specificity. Even though we find usp-48 to be very broadly expressed in all tissue types, usp-48 null mutants specifically make epidermal cells susceptible to CHE-1-mediated activation of neuronal target genes. We screened for additional genes that allow epidermal cells to be at least partially reprogrammed by ectopic che-1 expression and identified many additional proteins that restrict cellular plasticity of epidermal cells, including a chromatin-related factor (H3K79 methyltransferase, DOT-1.1), a transcription factor (nuclear hormone receptor NHR-48), two MAPK-type protein kinases (SEK-1 and PMK-1), a nuclear localized O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT-1) and a member of large family of nuclear proteins related to the Rb-associated LIN-8 chromatin factor. These findings provide novel insights into the control of cellular plasticity.
State Mandate Laws for Autism Coverage and High-Deductible Health Plans
Authors: Barry Colleen L. , Kennedy-Hendricks Alene , Mandell David , Epstein Andrew J. , Candon Molly , Eisenberg Matthew
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Most states have passed insurance mandates requiring health plans to cover services for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research reveals that these mandates increased treated prevalence, service use, and spending on ASD-related care. As employer-sponsored insurance shifts toward high-deductible health plans (HDHPs), it is important to understand how mandates affect children with ASD in HDHPs relative to traditional, low-deductible plans.

METHODS:

Insurance claims for 2008–2012 for children covered by 3 large US insurers (United Healthcare, Aetna, and Humana) available through the Health Care Cost Institute were used to compare the effects of mandates on ASD-related spending for children in HDHPs and traditional health plans.

RESULTS:

Relative to children in traditional plans, mandates were associated with higher average monthly spending increases for children in HDHPs. Mandate-attributable spending differences between children enrolled in HDHPs relative to traditional plans were $77 for ASD-specific services (95% confidence interval [CI]: $10 to $144), $125 for outpatient health services (95% CI: $26 to $223), and $144 for all health services (95% CI: $36 to $253). These spending differentials were driven by differences in plan spending and not out-of-pocket (OOP) spending.

CONCLUSIONS:

Spending on ASD-related services attributable to autism mandates was higher among children in HDHPs, but higher spending did not translate into a greater OOP burden. For families with consistently high health care expenditures on ASD-related services, high-deductible products may be worth considering in the context of mandate laws. Families in mandate states with children with ASD enrolled in HDHPs were able to increase service use without paying more OOP.
Radiographic Evaluation of the Presence/Agenesis of Third Molars in a Mexican Child Population
Authors: San Román-Hernández DDS Jade Viridiana , Pozos-Guillén DDS, PhD Amaury , Martínez-Rider DDS Ricardo , Ruiz-Rodríguez DDS, MS Socorro , Garrocho-Rangel DDS, PhD Arturo , Rosales-Berber DDS Miguel Ángel
Published: May 2019

In the human being, third molar is the tooth that exhibits more variants during its embryologic development, usually causing diverse anomalies and discomfort when erupting to the oral cavity. It has been pointed out that the prevalence of third molar agenesis is between 9 to 37%. The aim of the present comparative cross-sectional study was to radiographically assess the presence/absence of third molar germs (G3M) in a sample of pediatric patients of Mexican origin. A total of 513 panoramic radiographs were analyzed from patients attending the Pediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program ( San Luis Potosí University, México), during the years 2011 to 2017. Inclusion criteria were patients between 7 and 18 years old, any gender; children with antecedents of a third molar extraction, previous orthodontic treatment, or with an associated congenital or systemic condition were excluded. Total prevalence G3M agenesis was calculated. Then, statistical comparisons of agenesia proportions per dental quadrant, gender, and age group were performed. 245 panoramic radiographs corresponded to the female gender, while 268 belonged to the male gender. The total prevalence of G3M agenesia was estimated in nearly 56%, and the 7-8 years old group exhibited the highest proportion; however, when this age group was excluded from the analysis, such prevalence decreased to 27.3%. Both mandibular quadrants showed higher proportions of G3M agenesia. There were no significant differences between genders. The total prevalence reported in the present study was found to be well above regarding the international parameters. It is quite possible that lack of radiographic visualization of G3M had been inaccurate in some cases due to the common absence of calcification traces from those teeth during early ages (7-8 years old). The adjusted analysis provided a prevalence value more in line with the recognized standards in the dental literature.
Oral Manifestations of Celiac Disease and Wheat Allergy: Report of Three Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Boza Oreamuno DDS, MSc Yadira V. , Rugama Flores BSND María F.
Published: May 2019

Celiac Disease (CD) is an immune-mediated systemic disease, caused by gluten and related prolamins, in genetically susceptible individuals. It is characterized by gluten-dependent clinical manifestations, CD-specific antibodies, HLA DQ2 or DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy. Most patients are asymptomatic or with mild manifestations. It mainly affects the gastrointestinal system causing symptoms and signs such as diarrhea, recurrent abdominal pain and abdominal distension; also extradigestive manifestations. Patients with CD may have oral manifestations that include recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), enamel hypoplasia, atrophic glossitis, among others. The diagnosis of CD is based on clinical history, serology, endoscopy and histology. There are other entities that should be differentiated from CD, such as non-celiac gluten sensitivity and wheat allergy. The aim of this study is to present three patients with a history of RAS and other clinical manifestations associated with the early diagnosis of CD and food allergy.
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength Between Orthodontic Brackets and Three Aged Bulk Fill Composites
Authors: Seyhan Cezairli DDS, PhD Neslihan , Serkan Kucukekenci DDS, PhD Ahmet , Basoglu DDS, PhD Hande
Published: May 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to three different bulk fill composites which were previously aged. Materials and Methods: Three bulk fill composite materials were included in this study (Filtek Bulk Fill, Tetric N-Ceram bulk fill, SureFil SDR bulk fill). Each material group contained 12 samples (n=12); a total of 36 samples were bonded in the same way with maxillary premolar brackets (CB; Avex Mx, OPAL orth.). The same type brackets were bonded on each restored surface made with bulk fill composites. The SBS was examined after storing the specimens for 24 h at 37 ºC indistilled water, followed by thermal ageing (500 cycles between 5 ºC and 55 ºC). Data were analyzed statistically. The numeric data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey HSD post-hoc tests at α=.05. Results: There were no significant differences among the composite groups (p>0.001). However, SBS values for control group were significantly greater than shear bond strenght values for composite groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Bond strength of orthodontic brackets on bulk fill composite surfaces was not found adequate.  Therefore, this situation leads to bonding failure during orthodontic treatment. The presence of bulk fill composites on the surface to be bonded during orthodontic treatment requires an additional armamentarium.
Clinical Alternatives for the Use of Compactable and Flowable Bulk-Fill Composites: A Step-by-Step Case Report
Authors: Durán Ojeda DDS, MSc Gerardo , Tisi DDS José Pablo , Urzúa DDS, MSc Iván
Published: May 2019

The use of Bulk-Fill composite resins to perform posterior restorations has been massified in recent years in the different clinical disciplines of Dentistry.  This may be due mainly to the simplicity in the application technique of this material as it requires its insertion into the cavity preparation in 4-5mm of composite resin thickness, achieving a considerable reduction of clinical working time. Given the existence of different viscosities of this type of composite resins, certain difficulties have been identified before the selection of each Bulk-Fill material related to the possible combinations that can be made between the different brands available in the market, even when they are used with conventional composite resins. The purpose of the following case report, is to present two step-by-step clinical possibilities using initially, compactable Bulk-Fill composite resin in a single increment for the restoration of a second upper molar, and later, through the combination of Bulk-Fill flowable composite resin together with compactable Bulk-Fill composite resin and a high-refractive-index enamel-like conventional composite resin, for a first upper molar.
Minimally Invasive Restoration in Anterior Teeth Affected by Enamel Hypoplasia: Clinical Case Report
Authors: Ramírez Barrantes DDS, MSD, PhD Juan Carlos
Published: May 2019

The preservation of healthy dental structures contributes to the practice of a conservative dentistry. This concept involves the implementation of biological and mechanical principles in a more predictable manner. Minimally invasive cavity preparations are the complement to the selection of adhesive and composite resin materials. The correct application of an adhesive protocol will provide imperceptible aesthetic restorations and adequate clinical performance.
Surgical Management of a Firearm Injury in the Infraorbital Area
Authors: Medina A.  DDS, OMFS Heriberto , Sansores E. DDS Daniel , González K. DDS, M.P.D. Debora , Arriola P. DDS Fabio
Published: May 2019

The surgical management of firearm injuries to the zygomaticomaxillary complex is a topic that needs to be addressed with much care. The complications that can arise during treatment, as well as the potential residual problems that can appear, lead to the need of recognizing these injuries as a maxillofacial treatment challenge. The infraorbital zone is the second most common area of injury in the face, accounting for up to 45% of midfacial fractures. The case presented is of a 54 year old man affected by the backward firing of a gun rifle that caused an oblique impaction towards the posterior lateral inferior side of the infraorbital complex. He was rapidly stabilized with an antibiotic and analgesic scheme, yet presented the following: a comminute fracture of the orbit floor with consequent communication towards the maxillary sinus, a non-displacing fracture of the frontomalar suture, a non-displacing fracture of the zygomatic arch and a lesion with loss of osseous tissue in the petrous region of the temporal bone. Rigid fixation followed stabilization, and the area was covered with a titanium mesh.  Occasional tinnitus and photopsia were reported by the patient upon return, yet all other evaluated factors were in order. There have been different forms of management described in the literature, and it is recognized that each patient has different needs, therefore each case must be closely evaluated, so it is approached in the most appropriate manner.
Evaluation of the Sedative Effect of Midazolam with and Without Ketamine, by Subcutaneous Via in Pediatric Dental Patients
Authors: Trejo-Herbert DDS Daniel , Martínez-Rider DDS Ricardo , Lara-Guevara MD Javier , Ruiz-Rodríguez DDS, MS Socorro , Garrocho-Rangel DDS, PhD Arturo , Pozos-Guillén DDS, PhD Amaury , Rosales-Berber DDS, MS Miguel
Published: May 2019

Children's fear and anxiety about dental treatment can lead to difficulties in the behavior management by the practitioner, which can be a barrier to successful dental treatment. Non cooperative children may need dental treatment under sedation, which is indicated when the non-pharmacological behavioral guidance is unsuccessful. There are randomized controlled trials comparing different sedative protocols for dental procedures; however, evidence of superiority from one form over another is weak.  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sedative effect of midazolam subcutaneously, with and without ketamine, on dental procedures performed in non-cooperative pediatric patients.  A randomized, crossover clinical trial with single blinding was performed in 13 children (10 males and 3 females) from 19 to 48 months of age, ASA I and Frankl I behavior. The two methods were applied in the same patient, and the order of the same was assigned randomly, for the two treatment appointments. In each session were evaluated the patient's general behavior, body movements and crying through the modified Houpt scale. In addition, heart rate and oxygen saturation were monitored by means of a pulse oximeter.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms of the Hand Among Dental Students
Authors: Sánchez Marín EOR, AEGD, M. en C. Carlos Gonzalo , Liñán Fernández Dra. en C. María del Socorro Maribel
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper extremities are common among dental workers due to exposure to risk factors including repetition, forceful exertions of the hand, and awkward wrist postures.  As dental students learn new skills and procedures during dental school, they experience a gradually increasing exposure to these risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hand and wrist musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among dental students of the University of Iowa. Methods: Thirty-five first year students and thirty-nine fourth year students (N=74) were asked to complete two questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe MSS of the dominant hand such as numbness, tingling and soreness among first year students was 0, 6 and 20% respectively compared to 18, 15 and 36% of the fourth year students. Conclusions: In this relatively small sample, MSS of the dominant hand were more common among fourth year dental students when compared to first year students.
A Protocol to Perform Systemic Lipopolysacharide (LPS) Challenge in Rats
Authors: Ramírez DDS, MSc, PhD Karol , Quesada-Yamasaki MLS Daniel , Fornaguera-Trías PhD Jaime
Published: May 2019

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In animals, intraperitoneal administration of LPS, stimulates innate immunity and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. LPS provides an inflammatory stimulus that activates the neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems resulting in a set of responses termed sickness behavior. The purpose of this protocol is to describe step-by-step the preparation and procedure of application of intraperitoneal injection of LPS in rats, as a guide for those researchers that want to use this assay to mount an inflammatory response. LPS intraperitoneal challenge in rats has been widely used to evaluate anti-inflammatory reagents and to address basic scientific questions.
Estimation of the Chronological Age Through the Methods of Demirjian and Ubelaker in Peruvian Children
Authors: Pachas Vásquez DDS Anders L. , Suárez Ponce DDS, MSc, PhD Daniel G. , Evaristo Chiyong DDS, MSc, PhD Teresa A.
Published: May 2019

Objective: To determine the most effective dental age estimation method, Demirjian y Ubelaker, for estimating the chronological age in patients from 4 to 13 years of the National Institute of Child Health-Lima Peru. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional design with a sample consisting of 465 panoramic radiographs, 229 of male (49.2%) and 236 of female (50.8%). The estimated age was made using the protocol established in each method. The chronological age was established through the difference between the date of radiographic capture and the date of birth. The precision and accuracy of each method was established. The inferential analysis was performed with a level of significance of 5% through the Spearman correlation tests, Wilcoxon test. Results: It was proved that the Ubelaker method had 270 erroneous or mismatched cases and 195 coincidences while the Demirjian method had 360 erroneous cases and 105 coincidences between the estimated chronological age and dental age, finding significant differences in the estimation in each of the methods p=0.001 and p <0.001 respectively. The accuracy obtained with Ubelaker was 0,112 and with Demirjian 1,039.
Reflections on Learning with Michel Desjardins
Authors: Sharify-Funk Meena , Guzik Elysia
Published: May 2019

This paper highlights Michel Desjardins’ creative and critical approach to teaching religion and culture (often through experiments and experiences of travel, gardening, and food) through former students’ reflections on learning with Michel. By organizing a collection of former students’ insights into Michel’s persona, pedagogy, and influence, this paper celebrates his career as a professor who enriched the lives of many students, and inspires readers to think deeply about how they teach and learn about religion and culture.
Violence against Women: Notifications of Health Professionals in Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Lawrenz Priscila , Macedo Davi Manzini , Hohendorff Jean von , Freitas Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de , Foschiera Laura Nichele , Habigzang Luísa Fernanda
Published: May 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the situations of violence against women reported by health professionals in Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 20.999 reports were performed between 2010 and 2014. The most frequent reports included women aged 19 to 29 years old. The most frequent type of violence was physical, and the victim’s residence was the most frequent place. Most of perpetrators were male, partner or ex-partner of the victim. Women were referred more frequently to clinics and police station. The results can support strategies for prevention and coping violence against women. The study allowed identifying weaknesses in the report information, as well as in the referrals made, indicating the need for investments in the training of health professionals.