bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smoking Cessation Advice“The Best Time to Quit Smoking was the Day you Started, the SecondBest Time to Quit is Today”
Authors: Abbas Sana , Abbas Beenish , Khan Faisal Nawaz , Ehsan Hafiz Rabi Ul , Malik Ahsan , Malik Sadia Munir
Published: December 2022

Objective: To decide the mindfulness and competency of dental and clinical experts in offering smoking discontinuance guidance.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Tertiary Care Teaching Institute, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Oct 2019 to Feb 2020.

Methodology: A pilot study carried out at 15-20 participants for questionnaire validation and reviewed by independent experts for face validity. A final questionnaire comprised of ten multiple-choice questions in addition to demographic profile. The minimum sample size required for the study was 261, where the national prevalence of smoking was 21.6%.

Results: A total of 550 participants participated in the study and data were extracted from their responses. There were 335 (61.0%) males and 215 (39.0%) females in the study group, with a mean age of 32.4 ± 4.3 and the age range 25 – 44 years. Among total respondents, 380 (69%) were qualified dental and medical practitioners whereas 170(31%) were medical and dental students. Only (40%) respondents were confident in rendering cessation advice whereas (60%) were not. Only (15.5%) participants declared that they received formal training to counsel for quitting smoking. Among the total 234 (100%) males were confident in giving in advice whereas none of the females were sure enough p value <0.001.

Conclusion: Despite smoking is of immense concern regarding Public Health, Medical and dental professionals are not proficient enough in smoking cessation counselling. A major fraction of mortality and morbidity is attributable to it; therefore, importance is to be enlightened as a preventable cause of death
The Effect of Phototherapy on Serum Calcium and Magnesium Level in Newborns Gestational Age 36 Weeks and Above
Authors: Ishfaq Hadia , Kafi Nisreen
Published: December 2022

Objective: To investigate the phototherapy effect on serum calcium and magnesium levels of children with gestational age 36 weeks or above.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatric, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah from Jan to Sep 2019.

Methodology: Total of 200 participants were recruited into the study after obtaining informed consent. Patients’ characteristics were obtained from medical record file. Their mothers were interviewed. Before phototherapy, laboratory investigations were done. Phototherapy was performed with conventional method 410-417mm wave length was maintained and patients was kept at distance of 20cm. After phototherapy completion, laboratory investigations were repeated and difference was noted.

Results: Out of 200 patients, 54% were males and 46% were females. Average age of patients was 1.85 ± 0.96 days with range 0-5 days. Decrease in calcium and magnesium levels was observed in 64 (32%) and 49 (24.5%) patients respectively following phototherapy completion. There was statistically significant mean difference in calcium and magnesium levels after phototherapy and bilirubin was also significantly decreased.

Conclusion: Decrease was observed in calcium and magnesium levels following phototherapy. Phototherapy may lead to decrease levels of calcium and magnesium, hence frequent assay warranted. Further investigations should be conducted inour region enrolling only neonates to confirm phototherapy induced hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia.
Association of Carotid Artery Disease with Various Risk Factors Among Patients Presenting with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Nizami Muhammad Asif , Yousaf Muhammad Ali , Liaqat Jahanzeb , Nawaz Khurram Haq , Hashmat Asif
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of carotid artery disease with various risk factors among patients presenting with ischemic stroke

STUDY DESIGN: Analytical study

SETTING: Department of neurology Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi

DURATION OF STUDY: Eight months, from 1st July 2019 to 29th February 2019

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 300 patients with ischemic stroke diagnosed by the consultant neurologist were included in this study. A consultant radiologist assessed the presence of clinically significant carotid artery stenosis by performing an ultrasound examination of carotid region. Relationship of age, gender, presence of diabetes mellitus, presence of hypertension and tobacco smoking was assessed with the presence of carotid artery stenosis among the patients of ischemic stroke.

Results:  Out of 300 patients of stroke assessed through ultrasound Doppler, 171 (57%) showed the presence of significant carotid artery stenosis while 129 (43%) had no clinically significant stenosis. Statistical analysis revealed that presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension had a statistically significant relationship (p-value <0.05) with presence of significant occlusion in the carotid arteries of stroke sufferers.

 Conclusion: Conclusion of this single center study is that carotid artery disease should not be missed among the patients of ischemic stroke as a large number of patients harbor this phenomenon. Patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension may be at more risk of developing the carotid artery disease as compared to others.
Screening of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Antenatal Women and its Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Razzaq Kashif , Anwar Rabiah , Noor Nusrat , Tariq Amera , Imran Ayesha , Iftikhar Bushra , Anwar Sobia
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To screen subclinical hypothyroid cases in antenatal checkups and to assess the impact of this condition on the fetomaternal outcome.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital Karachi Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to May 2020.

Methodology: During the study period, all singleton pregnant women with no comorbid, having booking visits during the first trimester of pregnancy were included. Three thousand four hundred fifty obstetric patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Their serum TSH and free T4 and T3 were sent along with routine antenatal investigations. Pregnancy specific first-trimester normal reference values of TSH (0.03-2.3µU/ml) and free T4 (0.8-1.8ng/dl) were used to classify pregnant women into euthyroid (controls) and overt and subclinical hypothyroid (cases). Comparison of antenatal complications (gestational diabetes, gesta tional hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and preterm labour), mode of delivery (vaginal delivery, cesarean section) and perinatal outcome (intrauterine growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, low APGAR score at 5 min) was made among both the groups.Results: Hypothyroid women had significantly increased risk of gestational hypertension (RR= 4.795% CI=2.902 to 7.773, p<0.0001), preeclampsia (RR=4.07, 95%CI=2.315 to 7.197, p<0.0001), preterm delivery (RR= 4.1, 95% CI=2.128 to 7.89, p<0.0001), cesarean section rate (RR=2.3611, 95% CI=1.7106 to 3.2591, p<0.0001) and risk of IUGR (RR=8.000, 95% CI= 1.869 to 34.227, p=0.005) as compared to euthyroid women.Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery and increased cesarean section rate.
Plastibel Circumcision: Safest Technique in the Infants with the Experienced Hands: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Rahman Habib -Ur- , Iftikhar Hina , Ali Ghazanfar , Khoso Mujahid Ali , Ahsan Arooj , Ahmed Naveed
Published: December 2022

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of circumcision done by plastibel technique in infants up till six months of age.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Multan, from Aug 2019 to Jul 2020

Methodology: The Department of surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Multan, from 2019 to 2020. A sample size of 140 patients was calculated via the EpiTools epidemiological calculator while keeping the significance level at 5% and a confidence level of 95%.

Results: A total of 140 infants were circumcised with the plastibel technique. The age of the infants ranged from 21 days to six months with the mean age of 32.2 ± 10.5 days. Maximum circumcisions were done between 30-90 days of life. The best part of the circumcision was that no complication was observed during the study period.

Conclusion: Plastibel circumcision can be done under local anaesthesia with the best possible safety in infants younger than six months of age.
The Comparison of Efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) with Methylprednisolone in Patients with Tennis Elbow
Authors: Memon Iftikhar A. , Junejo Sadaf , Khan Kashif Mahmood , Ali Zulfiqar , Butt Siraj A. , Memon Faheem A.
Published: December 2022

Objective: To study the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma with Methylprednisolone in patients with tennis elbow.

Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopedics, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Feb 2019 to Sep 2020.

Methodology: All the patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis with the onset of symptoms of greater than three months were grouped into two groups. Seventy-six patients in each group were treated. Group-A received an injection of 5ml Platelet-rich plasma. Group-B was administered 1 ml of Methylprednisolone (dosage; 4-30 mg). The severity of pain using the visual analogue scale was evaluated at baseline.

Results: In the PRP group, significant changes in pain perception were observed. The mean baseline VAS score in the PRP group was 6.9 ± 1.7, which decreased to 3.4 ± 2.9, 1.7 ± 0.3, and 1.2 ± 1.4 at four weeks, 12 weeks, and 52 weeks follow-up visit, respectively. Similarly, in group-B (Methylprednisolone), there was a significant change from baseline to 52 weeks postprocedure (p<0.001). It was found that the efficacy of Platelet free plasma was significantly higher than methylprednisolone (77.6% versus 48.7%, <0.005).

Conclusions: The study concluded that Plasma rich platelet therapy was significantly more effective in relieving the pain and improving the functional outcomes in patients with elbow epicondylitis than Methylprednisolone.
Aotearoa New Zealand’s Royal Commission on Abuse in Care and Making our Disability History Visible
Authors: Stace Hilary
Published: December 2022

Aotearoa New Zealand’s Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care is currently inquiring into the historic abuse of those in state and faith-based care and uncovering stories of violence, neglect and exclusion. Disabled people are a population group that has been significantly affected by historic abuse. For much of the twentieth century, eugenics-based public policy framed disability as something to be feared and bred out of the population, as it threatened the 'fitness' of the 'white race'. Consequently, thousands of disabled children, young people and adults were removed from families and communities and spent their lives in institutions, residential special schools or foster homes. Some children with learning disability or other neurodiverse conditions were locked up in youth justice boys' and girls' homes after minor incidents such as school truancy. Physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, medical, financial, cultural and spiritual abuse and neglect, as well as poor record keeping, were widespread in these institutions. To understand this history, and to honour those who survived and remember those who did not, the commission and the people of Aotearoa New Zealand need to hear these stories. This article provides some history and context for the commission, describes a research project that gathered stories of hard-to-reach disabled survivors and advocates for collecting, archiving and making Aotearoa New Zealand's disability history visible.
Consulting the Past
Authors: Neill Carol , Belgrave Michael , Oliveira Genaro
Published: December 2022

In many countries, the development of national history curricula has been politically controversial, causing great public interest and concern. Such controversies tend to bring into tension diverse political, social and cultural voices and their interests in a nation’s history, expressing the historical consciousness of a society. At the extreme, ‘history wars’ emerge over what is prioritised for learning, and how it is learnt, especially when historical interpretations clash with political agendas. In this article we explore these ideas through the responses of different sectors to the development of Aotearoa New Zealand's first national history curriculum. By looking at the responses of teachers, academic historians, politicians and the community at large, we attempt to explain why the debate so far has been professional rather than polemical, and why the country’s ‘history wars’ have only involved a few skirmishes at the edges of political debate.
Interpreting History Through Fiction
Authors: Conroy Thom , Grochowicz Joanna , Sanders Cristina
Published: December 2022

In ‘Interpreting History Through Fiction: Three Writers Discuss their Methods’, creative historical authors Thom Conroy, Joanna Grochowicz and Cristina Sanders engage in a conversation about the intersection of history and fiction. Arising from a session of the 2021 New Zealand Historical Association Conference entitled ‘Learning History Through Fiction’, the three-way dialogue interrogates the role of learning history from creative texts, navigates the fact/fiction balance in creative historical writing, explores concerns about the potential for harm in historical fiction, outlines the authors' own motives for adopting a creative approach to history, and examines what Hilary Mantel calls the ‘readerly contract’ in historical fiction. The conversation does not seek consensus nor finality in the answers offered to the questions the authors have put to one another. Rather, the authors allow contradictions and disagreements to remain intact, thus conveying their collective sense of open-endedness regarding creative approaches to history. This open-endedness is intentional, as the answers that arise from dialogue are intended to be as provisional and contingent as the evolving genre of historical fiction itself.
Study of long-term dynamics of organoleptic risks to the health of the population of the Volgograd Trans-Volga region, formed by groundwater using remote sensing
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Novikov Denis
Published: December 2022

The paper considers the potential of using remote sensing methods in assessing the risks of olfactory effects in the population regularly drinking water from shallow underground sources vulnerable to climatic factors. The Volgograd Trans-Volga region, located on the territory of the Caspian lowland, is a typical representative of ardidized territories with highly mineralized groundwater. The xerophytic wormwood-fescue-feather-grass and solonetzic vegetation characteristic of the region determines the effectiveness of using the NDMI indicator to assess the degree of influence of soil aridity on the growth of hardness and total iron content in groundwater. A high degree of closeness of correlations between dependent indicators of the sanitary and hygienic quality of groundwater for drinking purposes and NDMI values in five-year dynamics for all groundwater basins (regions) of the North Caspian province was found. The data obtained can be useful in predicting and managing the risks of reflex-olfactory effects in consumers of water from underground sources in the organization of water supply and water treatment. Keywords: ORGANOLEPTIC RISK, NDMI, GROUNDWATER, HYDROGEOCHEMISTRY, ARIIDIZATION, HARDNESS, IRON
Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Patients With Brain Radionecrosis
Authors: Hill Shannon , MacDougall Danielle
Published: December 2022

This review identified limited evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness and safety of bevacizumab for patients with symptomatic brain radionecrosis after radiosurgery. These identified studies had several limitations, most notably due to the limited number of studies with control groups; therefore, the findings related to the effectiveness and safety in this population are uncertain.

For adult patients with symptomatic brain radionecrosis, treatment with bevacizumab may be associated with radiographic responses, a reduction in volumetric outcomes, an improvement in overall clinical and neurologic symptoms, an improvement in functional outcomes, and a reduction in corticosteroid use.

Limited evidence from 1 study suggests that treatment with bevacizumab may be associated with greater radiographic response, a reduction in volumetric outcomes, and clinical symptom improvement compared to treatment with corticosteroids. The recurrence of brain radionecrosis for patients who received bevacizumab compared to corticosteroids was similar between groups.

Commonly reported adverse events after patients with symptomatic brain radionecrosis were treated with bevacizumab included hypertension, proteinuria, edema, pulmonary embolism, and various thromboembolic events.
Peru-Germany: impact of Covid-19 on coffee agro-exports 2018 – 2021
Authors: Pérez Córdova Yohana Mabel , Cabrera Villena Fiorela , Leiva Cabrera Mercy Alexandra , Mashian Juwau Josías , Puican Rodríguez Víctor Hugo
Published: December 2022

The objective of this work was to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on Peruvian coffee agro-exports to Germany. Taking the year 2018 as a basis for comparison with the following years, from 2019 to 2021, in which the Covid-19 virus started and spread, thus causing a world sanitary crisis that at the same time affected the commercial exchange. Quantitative research was developed, in addition to a documentary analysis made up of statistical data extracted from reliable sites, such as the National Coffee Board and the Ministry of Economy and Finance. As a result, during the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, a decrease in both production and exports with respect to the base year, in this case 2018, can be seen. In conclusion, the sanitary crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 did have a negative influence on the different aspects of coffee agro-exports studied. Therefore, it is suggested to analyze the production capacity of Peruvian producers and entrepreneurs; in addition to implementing innovation strategies and adding technological processes to improve their competitive advantage and thus cushion the impact of any negative external event in the future.
Covid-19, not your normal flu: A case report on Covid-19 psychosis and mania in a Malaysian hospital
Authors: Wong Rebecca Pei Ying , George Philip
Published: December 2022

Evidence suggests that acute severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. This is a case report of a patient who had recently been infected with COVID-19 and had no history of psychiatric disorders presenting a few days after inpatient discharge from COVID-19 treatment with acute onset of psychosis and manic symptoms. This case illustrates the psychiatric presentation, possible causes, and management of post-COVID-19 psychosis.
Pengaruh Ikatan Emosi, Atmosfer Kenyamanan Toko, Dan Harga Khusus Terhadap Customer Retention
Authors: Prasetyo Nur Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Customer retention merupakan bagian dari perilaku pembeli, semakin banyak pelanggan yang membeli kembali di toko yang sama maka akan meningkatkan pendapatan toko tersebut. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menguji pengaruh ikatan emosional, atmosfer kenyamanan toko, dan  harga  khusus  terhadap  customer retention.

Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sample pada penelitian ini adalah convenience  accidental  sampling.  Jumlah  sampel  yang  digunakan  sebanyak  50 sampel. Metode pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui pembagian kuesioner kepada para responden. Hasil dari data survey selanjutnya diolah dengan analisis regresi yang dijalankan dengan bantuan program SPSS.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel independen (ikatan emosional, atmosfer kenyamanan toko, dan harga khusus) yang diajukan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer retention.
Audit Manajemen Inovasi Organisasi Agar Lebih berdaya saing
Authors: Wahono Wahono  , Mahardika Susanto
Published: December 2022

The goal of this research is to audit and compare the innovation management capabilities of the two organizations using the audit tools proposed by Tidd and Bessant (Managing Innovation: Integrating Technological, Market and Organizational Change, 5th ed. Wiley, West Essex, 2014) which consists of from five dimensions: Strategy, Innovation Process, Learning, Innovative Organization, and Linkages. The sample was selected from each organization from the High Suggestion Department (HSD) and the Low Suggestion Department (LSD). Audit questionnaires were distributed to respondents. The results obtained from this study were processed and analyzed. Comparisons were made between the two organizations in terms of their innovation management capabilities. In addition, comparisons were made between HSD and LSD in each organization. Of the five tested dimensions of Audit has a high score; Therefore, it can be concluded that the organizations in this study have a higher innovation management capability. In addition, every organization must keep the various components of innovation management in balance to maintain them.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidikan Melalu Penerapan E-Learning
Authors: Dedi Kurniawan  , Siti Fatimah
Published: December 2022

Along with the development of the era of globalization, the education system around the world has also undergone changes, especially regarding the learning of students. Recently, developments have started from the online learning system or E-Learning. Or have begun to change because of the increasingly growing digital platforms. Meanwhile, the e-learning industry in Indonesia has not been able to develop better. The main objective of this study is to understand the barriers to implementing e-learning in Indonesia apart from the benefits of online education, such as lower costs and pedagogical benefits. The researcher proposes an initial conceptual framework that explains the steps and intentions of students to switch to utilizing e-learning. In our future research, researchers will refine and test conceptual frameworks and provide guidelines for higher education institutions and policy makers on institutional change to support the use of e-learning.
PENGARUH PELAYANAN DAN BIAYA SERVIS TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA BENGKEL ACENG MOTOR PENANDINGAN KAB. LAHAT
Authors: Markus Markus
Published: December 2022

Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 73 responden yang disebar pada pelanggan Bengkel Aceng Motor Penandingan Kab. Lahat. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisi kuantitatif dengan menggunkan Uji Validitas, Uji Reliabilitas, Uji Asumsi Klasik (Uji Normalitas, Uji Heteroskedastisitas, Uji Multikulinieritas), Uji Hipotesis (Uji T dan Uji F), Uji Anlisis Regresi Berganda dan Uji Koefisien Determinasi.

Hasil Kualitas Pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai t hitung > t tabel (4,633>1,994). Dan Biaya Servis berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanganggan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai t hitung > t tabel (5,410> 1,994). Serta Kualitas Pelayanan dan Biaya Servis secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai f hitung > f tabel (57,424> 3,13) dan nilai signifikansi < taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05).
Implementasi Knowledge Management System pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Kecamatan Rowosari
Authors: Miftahurrohman  , Wafiroh Rosa Haniatul
Published: December 2022

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are productive economic enterprises owned by individuals and business entities that meet the criteria as micro-enterprises from the agricultural, fishery, processing industries, handicraft industries and creative industries, the problem that occurs is that there is no regular updating of data. from the sub-district government so that many micro and small business actors have not been recorded thoroughly, with limited data it is certainly difficult for the sub-district government to convey information to micro and small business actors, delays in information also affect the relationship between the sub-district and business actors who are not good . This research was conducted to create and implement a knowledge management system that is equipped with location features so that it can facilitate data collection and knowledge management on micro and small businesses in Rowosari sub-district. This application is made using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The results of this study indicate that the application of this knowledge management system can make it easier to collect data and manage information and knowledge about micro and small businesses.
Eksistensi Korean Street Food Ramah Muslim Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan UMKM di Kecamatan Kedungwuni Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Karimah Frieda
Published: December 2022

The Korean Wave has had a significant impact on South Korea's global image, and its products now dominate various industries, including beauty, entertainment, and food. The purpose of this study was to determine the existence of Muslim-friendly Korean Street Food in improving the welfare of MSMEs in Kedungwuni sub-district, Pekalongan district. Qualitative research methodology is used in this study. Observations, interviews, and documentation were used as data collection approaches. Data reduction (data reduction), data display (data presentation), and conclusion drawing/verification are three technical processes of data analysis. The results of the study show that the Korean Wave has succeeded in achieving its popularity in Pekalongan, precisely in Kedungwuni District, through this social media many business actors take advantage of the existence of the Korean Wave to increase their business by selling Korean Street Food. This can be seen from the number of shops or places to eat with Korean Street Food menus. Korean food sold at Korean Street Food shops in Kedungwuni District include Tteokbokki, Hweori Gamja/Tornado Potatoes, Hottang, Corndog and Korean-style Seafood Meatballs.
Sistem Manajemen Pendistribusian Barang Menggunakan Metode Drp Pada Pt Niko Elektronik Indonesaia Berbasis Client Server
Authors: Adi Pradana  , Rizal Alfian
Published: December 2022

Niko Elektronik Indonesia is an electronics company located on Jl. Semarang Industrial Estate. This company distributes its products, via land transportation (cars). Until now PT. Niko Elektronik Indonesia still has problems with office applications, especially when it comes to the validity process and data retrieval. If certain data is needed, it will take a long time because the search will be done manually by looking for the data one by one in the files one by one. This allows duplicate data to occur because the writing of customer and supplier data is done repeatedly.

Based on the above problems, the authors would like to propose a design of a Client-Server-based distribution system to be considered in helping speed up the process of recording purchase and sales transactions and can provide the information needed by PT Niko Elektronik Indonesia in the form of stock reports, sales level reports and daily income reports in the form of an Inventory System application at PT Niko Elektronik Indonesia using Visual Basic 6.0 and MySql database. Making this application is expected to be one of the efforts that can be made to overcome the problems that often occur so as to increase work effectiveness which of course will affect the quality of service to customers.
Peran Brand Image Memediasi Pengaruh Word Of Mouth (Wom) Terhadap Niat Beli Konsumen Pada Kiffa Bakery Sukoharjo
Authors: Muhammad Maulana saidun  , Ratnaningrum
Published: December 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen Kiffa Bakery bulan Desember 2021 sebanyak 134 orang. sampel diambil sebanyak 100 konsumen dengan menggunakan rumus slovin. Untuk menguji hipotesis, analisis data menggunakan program smart PLS. Hipotesis pertama berbunyi World of Mouth berpengaruh terhadap Niat Beli roti di Kiffa Bakery terbukti kebenarannya. Hal ini dikarenakan nilai t-hitung sebesar 5,137 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000. Hipotesis kedua yang menyatakan bahwa World of Mouth berpengaruh terhadap Brand Image terbukti benar. Hal ini dikarenakan nilai t hitung sebesar 6,250 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,000 (signifikan). Hipotesis ketiga yang menyatakan bahwa Citra Merek berpengaruh terhadap Niat Beli terbukti benar. Hal ini dikarenakan nilai t-hitung sebesar 8,970 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 (signifikan). Karena nilai t-hitungnya adalah 5,8804. Hipotesis keempat yang menyatakan bahwa variabel World of Mouth berpengaruh terhadap Niat Beli roti pada Kiffa Bakery melalui Brand Image terbukti benar. Hal ini dikarenakan nilai t-hitung sebesar 5,880 dengan tingkat signifikansi ( > t-tabel 1,660, ada pengaruh World of Mouth terhadap Niat Beli. Karena signifikan atau melebihi nilai T-hitung sebesar 5,137, maka citra merek cocok untuk variabel mediasi.

Kata Kunci: Citra Merek, Word Of Mouth (Wom), Niat Beli.
The carbon sink in China as seen from GOSAT with a regional inversion system based on CMAQ and EnSRF
Authors: Kou Xingxia , Peng Zhen , Zhang Meigen , Hu Fei , Han Xiao , Li Ziming , Lei Lili
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Top-down inversions of China’s terrestrial carbon sink are known to be uncertain because of errors related to the relatively coarse resolution of global transport models and the sparseness of in situ observations. Taking advantage of regional chemistry transport models for mesoscale simulation and spaceborne sensors for spatial coverage, Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) column-mean dry mole fraction of carbon dioxide (XCO2) retrievals were introduced in the Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) and Ensemble Square Root Filter (EnSRF)-based regional inversion system to constrain China’s biosphere sink at a spatiotemporal resolution of 64 km and 1 h. In general, the annual, monthly and daily variation in biosphere flux was reliably delivered, attributable to the novel flux forecast model, reasonable CMAQ background simulation, well-designed observational operator, and joint data assimilation scheme (JDAS) of CO2 concentrations and fluxes. The size of the assimilated biosphere sink in China was −0.47 PgC yr−1, which was consistent with most global estimates (i.e., −0.27 to −0.68 PgC yr−1), indicating that the regional inversion system was sufficient to robustly constrain the control vectors. Furthermore, the seasonal patterns were recalibrated well, with a growing season that shifted earlier in the year over central and south China. Moreover, the provincial-scale biosphere flux was re-estimated, and the difference between the a posteriori and a priori flux ranged from −7.03 TgC yr−1 in Heilongjiang to 2.95 TgC yr−1 in Shandong. Additionally, better performance of the a posteriori flux in contrast to the a priori flux was proven when the simulation was fitted to independent observations, indicating improved results in JDAS. This study serves as a basis for future regional- and urban-scale top-down carbon assimilation.
TUNER-compliant error estimation for MIPAS: methodology
Authors: von Clarmann Thomas , Glatthor Norbert , Grabowski Udo , Funke Bernd , Kiefer Michael , Kleinert Anne , Stiller Gabriele P. , Linden Andrea , Kellmann Sylvia
Published: December 2022

Abstract. This paper describes the error estimation for temperature and trace gas
mixing ratios retrieved from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive
Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) limb emission spectra. The following error
sources are taken into account: measurement noise, propagated temperature
and pointing noise, uncertainties in the abundances of spectrally interfering species, instrument line shape errors, and spectroscopic data uncertainties in terms of line intensities and broadening coefficients. Furthermore, both the direct impact of volatile and persistent gain calibration uncertainties, offset calibration, and spectral calibration uncertainties, as well as their impact through propagated calibration-related temperature and pointing uncertainties, are considered. An error source specific to the MIPAS upper atmospheric observation mode is the propagation of the smoothing error crosstalk of the combined NO and temperature retrieval. Whenever non-local thermodynamic equilibrium modelling is used in the retrieval, related kinetic constants and mixing ratios of species involved in the modelling of populations of excitational states also contribute to the error budget. Both generalized Gaussian error propagation and perturbation studies are used to estimate the error components. Error correlations are taken into account. Estimated uncertainties are provided for a multitude of atmospheric conditions. Some error sources were found to contribute both to the random and the systematic component of the total estimated error. The sequential nature of the MIPAS retrievals gives rise to entangled errors. These are caused by error sources that affect the uncertainty in the final data product via multiple pathways, i.e., on the one hand, directly, and, on the other hand, via errors caused in a preceding retrieval step. These errors tend to partly compensate for each other. The hard-to-quantify effect of the horizontally non-homogeneous atmosphere and unknown error correlations of spectroscopic data are considered to be the major limitations of the MIPAS error estimation.
20 m Annual Paddy Rice Map for Mainland Southeast Asia Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data
Authors: Sun Chunling , Zhang Hong , Xu Lu , Ge Ji , Jiang Jingling , Zuo Lijun , Wang Chao
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Over 90 % of the world’s rice is produced in the Asia-Pacific Region. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) enables all-day and all-weather observations of rice distribution in tropical and subtropical regions. Rice growth patterns in tropical and subtropical regions are complex, and it is difficult to construct representative rice growth patterns, which makes it much more difficult to extract rice distribution based on SAR data. To address this problem, a rice mapping method based on time-series Sentinel-1 SAR data is proposed in this study for large regional tropical or subtropical areas. Based on the analysis of rice backscattering characteristics in mainland Southeast Asia, the combination of spatio-temporal statistical features with thegeneralization ability to complex rice growth patterns was selected, then input into the U-Net semantic segmentation model and combined with WorldCover data to eliminate false alarms, and finally the 20-meter resolution rice map of five countries in mainland Southeast Asia in 2019 was obtained. On the validation sample set, the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 92.20 %. Good agreement was obtained when comparing our rice map with statistical data and other rice maps at the national and provincial levels. The maximum coefficient of determination R2 was 0.93 at the national level and 0.97 at the provincial level. These results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method in rice extraction with complex cropping patterns and the reliability of the generated rice maps. The 20 m annual paddy rice map for mainland Southeast Asia is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7315076 (Sun, 2022).
In situ U–Pb dating of 4 billion-year-old carbonates in the martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001
Authors: Tartèse Romain , Lyon Ian C.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. In situ carbonate U–Pb dating studies have proliferated dramatically in recent years. Almost all these studies have targeted relatively young terrestrial calcite up to Carboniferous in age. To assess the robustness of the carbonate U–Pb chronometer in deep time, we carried out in situ U–Pb analyses in magnesite–ankerite–calcite carbonates in the martian meteorite Allan Hills
(ALH) 84001. Carbonates in ALH 84001 formed at ca. 3.94 Ga, and there is little evidence that much happened to this rock since then, making
it an ideal sample to test the robustness of the U–Pb system in old carbonates. We obtained a concordant date of
3941 ± 49/110 Ma (n=14, MSWD = 2.0), which is identical to the step-leaching Rb/Sr date determined
previously. These results thus confirm that old carbonates are amenable to U–Pb dating in samples that have had a relatively simple
history post-carbonate formation.
Transfer learning for landslide susceptibility modeling using domain adaptation and case-based reasoning
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Goetz Jason , Brenning Alexander
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Transferability of knowledge from well-investigated areas
to a new study region is gaining importance in landslide hazard research.
Considering the time-consuming compilation of landslide inventories as a
prerequisite for landslide susceptibility mapping, model transferability can be key to making hazard-related information available to stakeholders in a timely manner. In this paper, we compare and combine two important
transfer-learning strategies for landslide susceptibility modeling:
case-based reasoning (CBR) and domain adaptation (DA). Care-based reasoning gathers knowledge from previous similar situations (source areas) and applies it to solve a new problem (target area). Domain adaptation, which is widely used in computer vision, selects data from a source area that has a similar distribution to the target area. We assess the performances of single- and multiple-source CBR, DA, and CBR–DA strategies to train and combine landslide susceptibility models using generalized additive models (GAMs) for 10 study areas with various resolutions (1, 10, and 25 m) located in Austria, Ecuador, and Italy. The performance evaluation shows that CBR and combined CBR–DA based on our proposed similarity criterion were able to achieve performances comparable to benchmark models trained in the target area itself. Particularly the CBR strategies yielded favorable results in both single- and multi-source strategies. Although DA tended to have overall lower performances than CBR, it had promising results in scenarios where the source–target similarity was low. We recommend that future transfer-learning research for landslide susceptibility modeling can build on the similarity criterion we used, as it successfully helped to transfer landslide susceptibility models by identifying suitable source regions for model training.
Droughts in Germany: performance of regional climate models in reproducing observed characteristics
Authors: Petrovic Dragan , Fersch Benjamin , Kunstmann Harald
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Droughts are among the most relevant natural disasters related to
climate change. We evaluated different regional climate model outputs and
their ability to reproduce observed drought indices in Germany and its near
surroundings between 1980–2009. Both outputs of an ensemble of six
EURO-CORDEX models of 12.5 km grid resolution and outputs from a high-resolution (5 km) Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) run were employed. The latter model was especially tailored
for the study region regarding the physics configuration. We investigated
drought-related variables and derived the 3-month standardized precipitation
evapotranspiration index (SPEI-3) to account for meteorological droughts.
Based on that, we analyzed correlations, the 2003 event, trends and drought
characteristics (frequency, duration and severity) and compared the results
to E-OBS. Methods used include Taylor diagrams, the Mann–Kendall trend test
and the spatial efficiency (SPAEF) metric to account for spatial agreement
of patterns. Averaged over the domain, meteorological droughts were found to
occur approximately 16 times in the study period with an average duration of 3.1 months and average severity of 1.47 SPEI units. WRF's resolution and setup
were shown to be less important for the reproduction of the single drought
event and overall drought characteristics. Depending on the specific goals
of drought analyses, computation resources could therefore be saved, since a
coarser resolution can provide similar results. Benefits of WRF were found
in the correlation analysis. The greatest benefits were identified in the trend
analysis: only WRF was able to reproduce the observed negative SPEI trends
to a fairly high spatial accuracy, while the other regional climate models (RCMs) completely failed in
this regard. This was mainly due to the WRF model settings, highlighting the
importance of appropriate model configuration tailored to the target region.
Our findings are especially relevant in the context of climate change
studies, where the appropriate reproduction of trends is of high importance.
New 10Be exposure ages improve Holocene ice sheet thinning history near the grounding line of Pope Glacier, Antarctica
Authors: Adams Jonathan R. , Johnson Joanne S. , Roberts Stephen J. , Mason Philippa J. , Nichols Keir A. , Venturelli Ryan A. , Wilcken Klaus , Balco Greg , Goehring Brent , Hall Brenda , Woodward John , Rood Dylan H.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Evidence for the timing and pace of past grounding line
retreat of the Thwaites Glacier system in the Amundsen Sea embayment (ASE)
of Antarctica provides constraints for models that are used to predict the
future trajectory of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). Existing
cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure ages suggest that Pope Glacier, a former
tributary of Thwaites Glacier, experienced rapid thinning in the early to
mid-Holocene. There are relatively few exposure ages from the lower ice-free
sections of Mt. Murphy (<300 m a.s.l.; metres above sea level) that are uncomplicated by
either nuclide inheritance or scatter due to localised topographic
complexities; this makes the trajectory for the latter stages of
deglaciation uncertain. This paper presents 12 new 10Be exposure ages
from erratic cobbles collected from the western flank of Mt. Murphy, within
160 m of the modern ice surface and 1 km from the present grounding line.
The ages comprise two tightly clustered populations with mean deglaciation
ages of 7.1 ± 0.1 and 6.4 ± 0.1 ka (1 SE). Linear regression
analysis applied to the age–elevation array of all available exposure ages
from Mt. Murphy indicates that the median rate of thinning of Pope Glacier
was 0.27 m yr−1 between 8.1–6.3 ka, occurring 1.5 times faster than
previously thought. Furthermore, this analysis better constrains the
uncertainty (95 % confidence interval) in the timing of deglaciation at
the base of the Mt. Murphy vertical profile (∼ 80 m above the
modern ice surface), shifting it to earlier in the Holocene (from 5.2 ± 0.7 to 6.3 ± 0.4 ka). Taken together, the results presented
here suggest that early- to mid-Holocene thinning of Pope Glacier occurred
over a shorter interval than previously assumed and permit a longer duration
over which subsequent late Holocene re-thickening could have occurred.
Isolated Spleen Infarction in Patient With Covid-19
Authors: ÖZDEN Hüseyin , SAFA Abdulkadir
Published: December 2022

Purpose: A case-based evaluation was made about the place of Covid-19 in the etiology of splenic infarction, the clinic and treatment of splenic infarction.

Material and Methods: A case of splenic infarction in a 74-year-old male patient who developed after Covid-19 was presented.

Conclusion: Spleen infarction is a rare cause of acute abdomen secondary to an underlying hematological disease or trauma. Sometimes, a virus that progresses with a hematological disorder, such as covid-19, can cause this disease. The algorithm to be followed in the treatment should be an effective treatment for the underlying disease. Laparoscopic splenectomy can be performed safely if medical treatments do not improve.
Entre masāŷid y rawābiṭ: la religiosidad musulmana en la Axarquía de Málaga en la Edad Media (ss. XI-XV)
Authors: Ortega López David
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo versa sobre la religiosidad islámica en la Axarquía de Málaga y ṭā‘a de Comares entre los siglos XI y XV donde reconocemos un gran número de instalaciones religioas tales como mezquitas, rábitas, zubias, entre otros gracias a la arqueología, a las fuentes escritas y a la toponimia. El objetivo marcado es conocer la implantación de los distintos tipos de oratorios en el medio rural en consonancia con el número de asentamientos y la demografía. Así pues, a pesar del margen de error por la ausencia de datos en algunas de las alquerías, creemos que la importancia demográfica y, por ende, económica de la Axarquía, se resuelve a partir de aquellos asentamientos donde había al menos un templo islámico, más cuando existían varias alquerías cercanas, cada una con su mezquita, significando una gran explotación agrícola y el sobresaliente ejercicio de la fe islámica.
YASAMA DOKUNULMAZLIĞININ KALDIRILMASININ YARGISAL DENETİMİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Eşe Nur
Published: December 2022

Günümüz demokrasilerinde fren denge, kuvvetler ayrılığının yanı sıra iktidar ve muhalefet partileri arasındaki ilişki ile sağlanabilmektedir. Baskın iktidar gücüne karşılık muhalefet partisi üyelerinin korunabilmesi için birtakım yasama bağışıklıkları öngörülmüştür. Muhalefet partisi üyelerinin parlamento çalışmalarına aktif katılmalarını sağlayan yasama dokunulmazlığının parlamento kararı ile kaldırılması mümkündür. Parlamentoda da çoğunluk gücünü elde bulunduran iktidar partisinin siyasi saik ile muhalefeti engellemesinin önünde geçilebilmesi için yargısal denetim öngörülmüştür. Ancak 2016 yılında yasama dokunulmazlığının anayasa değişikliği yöntemi ile geçici süreyle askıya alınması ile yargı denetimi engellenmiştir. Türkiye anayasal tarihinde görülmemiş bir uygulama olan bu durum, anayasa değişikliği yönteminin kötüye kullanılmasına ve muhalefet partisi mensubu parlamenterlerin parlamento çalışmalarının engellenmesine neden olmuştur. Hukuk devleti ilkesinin zarar görmesine neden olan bu uygulama, Türkiye’de demokrasinin de sekteye uğraması sonucunu doğurmuştur. Bu nedenle, çalışma kapsamında yasama dokunulmazlıklarının olağan usulle ve anayasaya değişikliği yöntemi ile kaldırılmasının yargısal denetimi karşılaştırılarak ele alınmıştır.
Opinions of Teachers Working in Special Education Schools on the Individualized Education Program Team
Authors: Çıkılı Yahya , Ünal Hilmi
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to determine the views of teachers working in special education schools on the functioning of the Individualized Education Program Development Unit. The study group of the research consists of 15 volunteer teachers working in special education schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in the city center of Konya in the 2020-2021 academic year. These special education schools are schools for three disability groups: mental, hearing, and visual impairments. Schools with individuals with intellectual disabilities are of two types moderate, severe, and mild. A descriptive survey model was used to collect data in order to determine teachers' opinions. The data of the research were collected through semi-structured interviews. In addition, a demographic information form was prepared in order to obtain general information about the teachers. According to the results of the research, it was seen that Individualized Education Program Development Units were not established in schools, and when they were created, they did not function for their purpose.