bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Living Donor Liver Transplantation Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Aortic Valvular Disease
Authors: Kaliamoorthy Ilankumaran , Rajakumar Akila , Varghese Joye , George Susan , Rela Mohamed
Published: November 2019

Over the last few decades, outcomes with living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) have improved significantly. This has resulted in patients who were denied liver transplantation previously, due to various comorbidities and high risk, now being considered for LDLT. This includes patients with severe valvular heart disease such as aortic stenosis. These patients require aortic valve replacement to help cope with significant perioperative hemodynamic changes. High-risk cardiac procedures like aortic valve replacement are associated with serious perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease. Since the advent of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in 2002, there have been a few case reports of its successful use prior to deceased donor liver transplantation, but there is no literature on this procedure before LDLT. In this article, we report our experience with 2 patients, the first patient with infective endocarditis-induced acute aortic regurgitation and the second patient with bicuspid aortic stenosis who underwent uneventful TAVI followed by successful LDLT. In conclusion, with the increasing expertise and experience in this procedure, an increasing number of potential recipients, previously considered as high-risk transplant candidates, can now be offered liver transplantation by performing pretransplant TAVI.
Lacrimal drainage anomalies in Tessier cleft 3 with unilateral anophthalmos
Authors: Singh Swati , Sharma Abhimanyu , Mittal Vikas , Ali Mohammad Javed
Published: November 2019

Bilateral Tessier cleft types 3 and 4 are rare and commonly involve the lacrimal drainage system owing to their anatomical location. Such clefts commonly present with associated ocular anomalies and include colobomatous eyelids, hypertelorism, microphthalmia, punctal or canalicular agenesis, and nasolacrimal duct obstruction or exstrophy. The current report presents an 18-month-old baby with bilateral Tessier cleft 3 with a unilateral anophthalmos, symmetrical eyelid colobomas, and lacrimal drainage anomalies. The lacrimal anomalies noted include small lacrimal sac with inferior canaliculus on the right side and upper and lower punctal and canalicular agenesis on the left side. Computed tomographic dacryocystography demonstrated unilateral lacrimal sac and bilateral maldevelopment of the bony nasolacrimal duct.
Cubital vein transposition for a distal radiocephalic fistula complicated by outflow obstruction
Authors: Pirozzi Nicola , De Alexandris Lorenzo , Fazzari Loredana , Scrivano Jacopo , Pirozzi Roberto , Menè Paolo
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

Outflow stenosis is a frequent complication of vascular access for hemodialysis. It may cause increased pressure within the angioaccess along with reduced blood flow. Elective treatment is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; however, when a long occlusion (>2 cm) occurs, success and mid-term patency of endovascular treatment are uncertain. We describe a case series of patients with long occlusion of elbow outflow complicating an otherwise excellent forearm arteriovenous fistula, treated by a bypass across the elbow through cubital vein transposition.

Patients and methods:

Six consecutive patients have been treated between 2015 and 2017; all were referred because of either low flow, increased venous pressure, excessive bleeding time, or recirculation and were examined by duplex ultrasound. A total of 83% of patients showed associated thrombosis within the access. All procedures were performed under loco-regional anesthesia and preventive hemostasis. Surgical thrombectomy was also performed when needed.

Results:

Immediate success was obtained in all but two patients converted in veno-venous polytetrafluoroethylene bypass. Post-operative blood flow increased from 316 to 878 mL/min. All patients were dialyzed through the forearm access immediately the day after surgery, without the need for central vein catheter. Overall, 75% of patients needed a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the veno-venous anastomosis within 6 months. Primary and secondary patency at 12 and 24 months were 25%–0% and 100%–100%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Outflow reconstruction through the elbow bypass by cubital vein transposition is a valuable resource to rescue radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula complicated by outflow obstruction, avoiding the use of an interim central vein catheter. Endovascular treatment is vital to maintain functional patency in the mid- and long term.
Lyme Arthritis in Children on the Uptick in Western New York Area
Authors: Lucente Lauren N , Abu-Dayya Aseel , Hennon Teresa , Islam Shamim , Wrotniak Brian H , Abdul Aziz Rabheh
Published: November 2019

Objective:

This study explores a suspected increasing incidence of Lyme arthritis in the Western New York pediatric population. In addition, we aim to describe a clinical picture of Lyme arthritis and the clinical features that distinguish it from other forms of arthritis.

Methods:

Patients diagnosed with Lyme arthritis between January 2014 and September 2018 were identified using International Classification of Diseases—10th Revision (ICD 10) codes for Lyme disease and Lyme arthritis. Patients were included in the study if they (1) exhibited arthritis, (2) tested positive for Lyme antibodies, and (3) exhibited a positive Western blot.

Results:

A total of 22 patients were included in the study. There was a general trend toward an increasing number of cases of Lyme arthritis over the 45-month observation period. We identified 1 case in each 2014 and 2015, 4 cases in 2016, 7 in 2017, and 9 in the first 9 months of 2018. In total, 17 patients had arthritis as their only symptom at the time of diagnosis and 10 patients had a rash or a history that prompted suspicion of Lyme disease. The knee was the most frequent joint (86.4% of patients), and patients typically had 2 or fewer joints affected (86.4% of patients).

Conclusions:

A significant increase ( P = .02) in Lyme arthritis cases was observed at Oishei Children’s Hospital of Buffalo. Lyme arthritis may clinically present similarly to other forms of arthritis, such as oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, so health care providers should be aware of distinguishing clinical features, which include rapid onset of swelling and patient age. Because the geographic area of endemic Lyme disease is expanding, all health care providers need to be aware of Lyme arthritis as a possible diagnosis.
‘I’m not being paid for this conversation’: Uncovering the challenges of artist–academic collaborations in the neoliberal institution
Authors: Pfoser Alena , de Jong Sara
Published: November 2019

Artist–academic collaborations are fuelled by increasing institutional pressures to show the impact of academic research. This article departs from the celebratory accounts of collaborative work and pragmatic toolkits for successful partnerships, which are dominant in existing scholarship, arguing for the need to critically interrogate the structural conditions under which collaborations take place. Based on a reflexive case study of a project developed in the context of Tate Exchange, one of the UK’s highest-profile platforms for knowledge exchange, we reveal three sets of (unequal) pressures, which mark artist–academic collaborations in the contemporary neoliberal academy: asymmetric funding and remuneration structures; uneven pressures of audit cultures; acceleration and temporal asymmetries. Innovations at the level of individual projects or partners can only mitigate the negative effects to a limited extent. Instead this article offers a systemic critique of the political economy of artist–academic collaborations and shifts the research agenda to developing a collective response.
(((They))) rule: Memetic antagonism and nebulous othering on 4chan
Authors: Tuters Marc , Hagen Sal
Published: November 2019

Previously theorised as vehicles for expressing progressive dissent, this article considers how political memes have become entangled in the recent reactionary turn of Web subcultures. Drawing on Chantal Mouffe’s work on political affect, this article examines how online anonymous communities use memetic literacy, memetic abstraction, and memetic antagonism to constitute themselves as political collectives. Specifically, it focuses on how the subcultural and highly reactionary milieu of 4chan’s /pol/ board does so through an anti-Semitic meme called triple parentheses. In aggregating the contents of this peculiar meme from a large dataset of /pol/ comments, the article finds that /pol/ users, or anons, tend to use the meme to formulate a nebulous out-group resonant with populist demagoguery.
The commercialisation of Internet-opinion management: How the market is engaged in state control in China
Authors: Hou Rui
Published: November 2019

This article examines how market actors are actively engaged in state control of the Internet in China by studying the emerging industry of Internet-opinion management in that country. It presents an ecology of this industry, identifies three main market actors whose competitiveness is deeply rooted in the Chinese political context and identifies three stages of state-market collaboration. This article sheds light on how the rise of big data has strengthened state capacity for Internet control. It provides original evidence for how the profit motive drives Chinese data companies and media organisations to seek active involvement in the institutional construction of Internet-opinion control. This article also contributes to the literature on repression and contentious politics. It demonstrates that by relying on the market, authoritarian states are able to turn advanced technology into a repressive tool, which makes it more difficult for their citizens to use the Internet to mobilise.
A novel assist-steering method with direct yaw moment for distributed-drive articulated heavy vehicle
Authors: Xu Tao , Ji Xuewu , Shen Yanhua
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a novel assist-steering method for distributed-drive articulated heavy vehicles (DAHVs) to reduce its dependency on hydraulic steering method and improve the pressure characteristics of hydraulic struts. The objective is to realise the electrification of steering process for DAHVs, which is the basis of unmanned design with more stable control in the following studies. The theory and purpose of the proposed assist-steering method in this paper distinguishes it from the traditional direct yaw-moment control method or assist-steering methods in the previous studies, which easily produce interference with hydraulic steering method in DAHVs during steering process. In this paper, an accurate vehicle model is developed along with the field test for its satisfactory verification. Meanwhile, with the decoupling analyses of two different effects of steering methods on vehicle steering process, the assist-steering method is developed. In order to show the advantages brought on by this method, a case study is performed and analyzed. The results demonstrate that this proposed method can reduce the pressure of hydraulic steering system to about 41.2% without any changes of steering process, which is limited by the drive ability of wheel-side motor. Moreover, the pressure of inlet chamber in hydraulic struts is always reduced to about 40%–60% without any changes of the pressure in outlet chamber, which can improve the working performance of hydraulic steering system.
Oxidation reaction mechanism and kinetics between OH radicals and alkyl-substituted aliphatic thiols: H-abstraction pathways
Authors: Tahan Arezoo , Shiroudi Abolfazl
Published: November 2019

Kinetic rate constants for the oxidation reaction of the hydroxyl radical with CH3SH, C2H5SH, n-C3H7SH, and iso-C3H7SH under inert (Ar) conditions over the temperature range 252–430 K have been studied theoretically using density functional theory along with various exchange–correlation functionals as well as the benchmark CBS-QB3 quantum chemical approach.

Bimolecular rate constants were estimated using transition state theory and the statistical Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus theory. Comparison with experiment confirms that in the OH addition reaction pathways leading to the related products, the first bimolecular reaction steps have effective negative activation energy barriers. Effective rate constants have been calculated according to a steady-state analysis of a two-step model reaction mechanism. As a consequence of the negative activation energies, pressures higher than 104 bar are required to reach the high-pressure limit. Both from thermodynamic and kinetic viewpoints, the most favorable process here is the oxidation reaction of hydroxyl radicals with n-C3H7SH.
Why the Jews are good to think: Reflections on Chad Alan Goldberg’s Modernity and the Jews in Western Social Thought
Authors: Kivisto Peter
Published: November 2019

This article offers a critical but appreciative reading of Chad Alan Goldberg’s Modernity and the Jews in Western Social Thought. It frames that reading around the section of the book titled “Why the Jews Are Good to Think,” a phrase that is a take on Claude Lévi-Strauss’s claim that totemic emblems are chosen, “not because they are ‘good to eat’ but because they are ‘good to think’.” The article contends that the book is predicated on a view that, at least for the scholars Goldberg scrutinizes, Jews were considered to occupy a unique social space in western Europe and North America, one in which they constituted an Other unlike any other Other. As such, they offered unique insights into specifying the meaning and significance of the premodern and modern.
‘More, bigger, better’ household appliances: Contesting normativity in practices through emotions
Authors: Sahakian Marlyne
Published: November 2019

With electricity-using appliances as the starting point, we seek to uncover the normative authority in the performance of practices among households in Western Switzerland. Through complementary methods, we explore normativity in practices that involve communicating and entertaining, cleaning and tidying up, and storing food and preparing meals. Combined with this approach is an understanding of emotions in practice, which are used as a heuristic device for uncovering how people performing practices feel that they are either aligned with how things ought or should be done, or conversely reveal any tensions in relation to the explicit or implicit normative authority. We see these points of tension as opportunities for change in designing experiments in a bounded space and time where practices can be performed differently – towards disconnecting, washing less, or sharing meal preparation and storage, for example. We conclude with discussions on the importance of enacting ‘deviant’ practices as performances and staging positive emotions, towards finding coherent ways to challenge the normative authority tied up with practices that rely on ‘more, bigger, better’ household appliances.
Utilizing Comprehensive Preassessment Procedures for Differentiating Language Difference From Language Impairment in English Learners
Authors: Roseberry-McKibbin Celeste
Published: November 2019

The growing number of English Learners (ELs) in American schools has led to increasing referrals of these students for special education, including speech-language services. These ELs are frequently overidentified as having a language impairment (LI) due to biased assessment practices that are not legal or grounded in research promoting best practices. This article describes a comprehensive preassessment process that should be used with ELs before formal testing takes place. This process consists of four steps: (a) assess language proficiency in all languages, (b) gather a case history with a focus on language development milestones in the first language, (c) interview multiple individuals in the child’s school setting and ascertain whether or not they agree that the student is manifesting any of the universal indicators of LI, and (d) implement a comprehensive response to intervention (RtI) process to determine the student’s ability to profit from instruction. Use of a comprehensive preassessment process will accomplish two objectives: help reduce the overidentification of ELs as having LI and other special needs and promote academic success for these students.
Found Poetry: Reimagining What is Present and What is Absent Through the Journals of Her Life
Authors: Brown Hilary
Published: November 2019

This article maps an emergent qualitative research process of writing found poetry to give voice to a long-term care patient who was slowly losing her physical capabilities to supra nuclear palsy. Through an initial chance encounter, the poem Thank you was written from the patient’s scribed journals and then performed in variety of settings for a variety of audiences. First, an academic conference proceeding, followed by a video recording performance, and finally, it was performed for health care providers at the patient’s annual case conference. The performances gave this elderly disabled woman, my mother, her voice.
Exercise Is Medicine on Campus Programs: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Lagally Kristen M. , Sherman Jacqueline , Amorose Anthony J. , Rinaldi-Miles Anna , Winters Carena S.
Published: November 2019

Exercise is Medicine® on Campus (EIM-OC) calls upon campuses to promote physical activity (PA) through education, outreach, assessment of PA levels, and referral programs. Twenty-eight EIM-OC supervisors completed a survey examining the characteristics of existing EIM-OC programs. Survey results identify participation from and collaboration among Health and Counseling Services, Campus Recreation, Wellness and Kinesiology departments. The majority of responding EIM-OC programs include special events and outreach activities. Funding and staffing for EIM-OC programs comes primarily from Kinesiology departments but often in conjunction with Campus Recreation. Referral programs are primarily targeted at students, who are referred for sedentary behavior or existing mental or physical conditions. Referral benefits include waived or reduced fees, fitness and behavioral assessments, and individualized or group training. The majority of campuses indicate that their EIM-OC program has improved relationships among involved units and provides new opportunities for students as either participants or leaders.
Methods for estimating hysteretic behavior and vibration responses of a timing belt tensioner
Authors: Long Shangbin , Yin Zhihong , Zhao Xuezhi , Shangguan Wen-Bin
Published: November 2019

An automatic tensioner that consists of a torsional spring and friction damping elements is widely used in belt drive system. The relation of the applied torque versus the imposed angle of tensioner during loading and unloading processes is described as a hysteretic loop. An analytical model is established for estimating the hysteretic behavior of a tensioner, and measurements for hysteretic loop in quasi-static and dynamic excitation are carried out to validate the analytical model. Taking one engine timing belt drive system as a studying example, the method and the procedure for estimating vibration responses of the nonlinear tensioner are given. An iterative algorithm for predicting the accurate equivalent viscous damping of tensioner is carried out in analyzing a belt drive system. The vibration responses of tensioner are validated by the measurement of timing belt drive system. The developed method presented in this article is useful for predicting the hysteretic behavior of tensioner, vibration responses, and the parameters optimization of a belt drive system.
Assessing the Readability of Online Information About Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Perez Olivia D. , Swindell Hasani W. , Herndon Carl L. , Noback Peter C. , Trofa David P. , Vosseller J. Turner
Published: November 2019

The American Medical Association (AMA) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) currently suggest that health care materials be written at a sixth-grade reading level. Our study investigates the readability of online information on Achilles rupture and reconstruction. Achilles tendon rupture, Achilles tendon repair, and Achilles tendon reconstruction were queried using advanced search functions of Google, Bing, and Yahoo!. Individual websites and text from the first 3 pages of results for each search engine were recorded and categorized as physician based, academic, commercial, government and nongovernmental organization, or unspecified. Individual readability scores were calculated via 6 different indices: Flesch-Kincaid grade level, Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog, SMOG, Coleman-Liau index, and Automated Readability Index along with a readability classification score and average grade level. A total of 56 websites were assessed. Academic webpages composed the majority (51.8%), followed by physician-based sources (32.1%). The average overall grade level was 10.7 ± 2.54. Academic websites were written at the highest-grade level (11.5 ± 2.77), significantly higher than physician-based websites ( P = .040), and only 2 were written at, or below, a sixth-grade reading level. Currently, online information on Achilles tendon rupture and reconstruction is written at an inappropriately high reading level compared with recommendations from the AMA and NIH.

Level of Evidence: Level IV
Caring for Contemporary Mystics: Pentecostalism and the Mystical Worldview
Authors: Castelo Daniel , Castelo Kimberly G.
Published: November 2019

Pentecostals can be understood as contemporary Christian mystics, and doing so can aid one in both understanding and caring for them. The task of understanding them is facilitated by this category in that it allows one to inhabit a different mindset from what is typical in contemporary settings. Pentecostalism and charismatic movements work out of distinct, fundamental claims that together work as a kind of worldview, one that operates from a hyperawareness of God’s presence and a sensed empowerment of the mystic’s self. The task of caring for them should honor these claims all the while being open to the Spirit’s presence and work.
Asian Sand Dust Upregulates IL-6 and IL-8 via ROS, JNK, ERK, and CREB Signaling in Human Nasal Fibroblasts
Authors: Yang Hyun-Woo , Park Joo-Hoo , Shin Jae-Min , Lee Heung-Man , Park Il-Ho
Published: November 2019

Background

Asian sand dust (ASD) profoundly affects respiratory health by inducing inflammation and causing upper airway inflammatory diseases. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 are pro-inflammatory mediators that are involved in upper airway inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of ASD on the production of IL-6 and IL-8 in nasal fibroblasts has not been adequately studied. We investigated the effect of ASD on the induction of pro-inflammatory mediators and its underlying mechanisms in nasal fibroblasts.

Methods

Real-time cytotoxicity assays were used to determine the effect of ASD on the viability of fibroblasts. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and real-time polymerase chain reactions were performed to determine whether ASD induced the expression of IL-6 and IL-8. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified using 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate and MitoSOX Red. Induction of IL-6 and IL-8 signal transduction pathways by ASD was confirmed by Western blotting. Ex vivo culture of the inferior turbinate tissue was performed to confirm the effects of ASD.

Results

ASD upregulated ROS levels, and this in turn promoted IL-6 and IL-8 expression through the MAPK (JNK and ERK) and CREB signaling pathways in nasal fibroblasts. However, ASD did not induce phosphorylation of p38. Specific inhibitors of each pathway (ROS, JNK, ERK, and CREB inhibitors) suppressed ASD-induced IL-6 and IL-8 upregulation.

Conclusions

ASD induces pro-inflammatory mediators, and the increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8 might be associated with the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Diffusion tensor imaging in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: clinical and CSF flowmetry correlations
Authors: Grazzini Irene , Redi Francesco , Sammartano Karima , Cuneo Gian Luca
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Diffusion tensor imaging is a magnetic resonance technique that provides information about the orientation and anisotropy of the white matter tracts. The aim of this study was to analyse diffusion tensor imaging quantitative parameters in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients, in order to determine whether this method could correlate to clinical scores and cerebrospinal fluid flowmetry data.

Methods and materials

Fifteen consecutive patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and 15 age-matched controls underwent cerebrospinal fluid flowmetry and diffusion tensor imaging using a 1.5 Tesla system. Fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity values were calculated using region of interest atlas-based tract-mapping in nine cerebral areas and compared among the two groups. In addition, for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients, diffusion tensor imaging parameters were correlated to clinical scores (mini mental state examination and frontal assessment battery) and cerebrospinal fluid flowmetry data.

Results

Mean fractional anisotropy was significantly lower for the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus group than for the control group in the forceps minor and motor cortex; the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus group had significantly higher mean axial diffusivity for the genu of the corpus callosum and forceps minor. We did not find significant correlation between diffusion tensor imaging parameters and cerebrospinal fluid flowmetry and mini mental state examination, while we observed a correlation between forceps minor fractional anisotropy and frontal assessment battery; no correlation between flowmetry and clinical scores was found.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that diffusion tensor imaging provides a non-invasive biomarker of white matter changes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients. Forceps minor is the best site to analyse. As diffusion tensor imaging offers a better correlation to clinical status than cerebrospinal fluid flowmetry, it should be included in the routine idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus protocol.
Filament inadequate wall apposition of the different ends of flow diverters in the abdominal aorta of rabbits
Authors: Wang Kuizhong , Jin Peng , Lu Peigang , Liu Qiang , Li Bo , Hao Zhenqiang
Published: November 2019

Background

Flow diverters (FDs) with flared ends (FEs) or straight ends (SEs) are used either alone or when overlapped to treat complex intracranial aneurysms. We evaluated filament inadequate wall apposition (IWA) of the FEs and SEs of FDs in vivo.

Methods

A total of 24 FDs with FEs and SEs were placed in an overlapping manner in the abdominal aortae of six rabbits (two sets per rabbit). Digital subtraction angiography was performed immediately after stent insertion and three months later. The anatomical and histopathological aortic features at FEs and SEs were evaluated.

Results

Angiography revealed no significant difference in terms of changes in arterial diameter between the FE and SE groups ( p = 0.877). Gross anatomical evaluation revealed IWA of the different ends of FDs but no thrombi or bleeding, showing that the metallic filaments were not in touch with the vessel wall and nor had they penetrated the vessel wall. The filaments’ IWA rates of FEs and SEs were 8.33% and 8.85%, respectively. The IWA rate at overlapping ends was lower than that at non-overlapping ends. The maximum neo-intimal thickness at FEs was greater than that at SEs (149.4 ± 48.9 and 98.6 ± 26.6 µm, respectively; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Both the FEs and SEs of FDs can exhibit IMA. IWA events are reduced at the overlapped regions. On pathological evaluation, FEs increased neo-intimal thicknesses more than SEs did, but hyperplasia was minimal on angiography.
Patient-reported outcomes in multiple sclerosis: Validation of the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL™) short forms
Authors: Medina Luis D , Torres Stephanie , Alvarez Enrique , Valdez Brooke , Nair Kavita V
Published: November 2019

Background

Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures have been shown to be effective for tracking treatment outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, collecting PROs as part of the clinical standard of care can be time-consuming and examination of their validity for use in an MS sample has been limited.

Objective

To determine the discriminant validity of the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL™) short forms in a real-world MS clinic population.

Design/Methods

Neuro-QoL is a series of questionnaires for tracking physical function, emotional/cognitive health, and social abilities in clinical populations. Neuro-QoL data from 902 MS patients were analyzed for psychometric properties and factor structure.

Results

Neuro-QoL demonstrated acceptable reliability in the moderate-to-good ranges. Moderate support for convergent validity was observed with other measures of MS quality of life, disease severity, and symptoms. However, results from a confirmatory factor analysis suggested poor model fit for most of the 12 domains tested.

Conclusions

These findings support the utility of some of the Neuro-QoL questionnaires in evaluating MS-related PROs. However, additional research may help abridge and strengthen these measures for use in this population.
Getting Your Research Published
Authors: Reider Bruce
Published: November 2019

When orthopaedic surgeons conduct research, their goal should be to have it published in a medical journal that will optimize their ability to communicate their message to the widest audience possible. The first step is to write up the report to display your work to its best advantage. Then, you need to submit it to a journal, and have it accepted. I will review the process of selecting a target journal and then the possible events along the path to acceptance. As papers are frequently rejected at the time of first submission, I will review the most common reasons for rejection and how to benefit from rejection to improve the paper. Then I will give advice on how to respond to a request for revision and see the paper through to successful publication.
Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction
Authors: Eufemio Edgar Michael T.
Published: November 2019

The goal of an ACL reconstruction is to approximate the strength and characteristics of the native tissue. So, if the original ACL can rupture, it is logical to think that the reconstructed ligament can also tear. It is more difficult to deal with a revision case. Your decision what to do is dependent on what was done during the primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR). It is important to plan the surgery carefully and prepare for all possible scenarios intra-operatively.

The three key questions you need to answer are the following? What was the GRAFT used? How were the TUNNELS made? What were the IMPLANTS used?

It would be helpful to know who did the primary ACLR because you may be aware of some of the tendencies of that surgeon which may assist you in your surgery.

There are seven situations that will be discussed: Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone (BPTB) autograft using a trans-tibial technique Semitendinosus/Gracilis Tendon (ST/G) autograft using a trans-tibial technique

With the advent of the medial portal technique, the position of the femoral tunnel changed dramatically. Five other circumstances arose from this: 3. ST/G autograft using endo-buttons 4. ST/G autograft using screws – femoral tunnel in ideal position 5. ST/G autograft using screws – femoral tunnel near where you want it to be 6. ST/G autograft using screws – femoral tunnel far from where you want it to be 7. Implant-less ACLR

Always have a back-up plan when doing revisions.

It is imperative that the rehabilitation program be delayed so as to give the graft more time to incorporate. Usually, twelve months before going back to sports is acceptable.
Role of Arthroscopy in Ankle Fracture Surgery
Authors: Ahn Jae Hoon
Published: November 2019

The ankle arthroscopy is widely used as an essential tool for the various ankle disorders. The use of arthroscopy has also been tried for the treatment of acute ankle fractures, in the hope of improving the postoperative outcome. It was initially thought that the properly reduced ankle fractures had generally acceptable outcomes, with a reported rate of 81% good to excellent results. However further investigation and longer term follow-up has shown more mixed and less encouraging results. Some patients have persistent pain and poor outcomes following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), although the cause of poor outcome is not clearly understood. It may be secondary to intra-articular injuries at the time of fracture, which occur in up to 88% of fractures. Ankle arthroscopy at the time of ORIF has been proposed to address these intraarticular injuries. Arthroscopy-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation for syndesmosis injury has been performed as well by some surgeons. However the effectiveness of true arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation compared with ORIF for ankle fractures has yet to be determined, in spite of the advantages such as limited exposure, preservation of blood supply, and improved visualization of the pathology. Postoperative chronic pain and arthrofibrosis after ankle fracture are another good indication for ankle arthroscopy, which can be performed at the time of implant removal. In conclusion, the ankle arthroscopy is a safe adjunctive procedure for the treatment of ankle fractures. It can be performed as well for the evaluation and management of syndesmotic injury, and for persistent pain following the definitive treatment of ankle fractures.
Revision of Failed-Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Reconstruction Due To Tibial Tunnel Misplacement: A Case Report
Authors: Lubis Andri , Kuncoro Mohamad Walid
Published: November 2019

Objectives:

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction failure is a rare condition found. The failure caused by some factors, including improper graft tunnel placement. The proper tibial tunnel placement in PCL reconstruction is still controversial. To have an anatomical tunnel is essential to decrease the risk of failure. The use of PCL jig only to guide the direction of the tibial tunnel may not always give good results.

Case presentation:

We report a case of a 29-year-old male with a total rupture of ACL and PCL that underwent reconstruction for both ligaments. We found the failure of the PCL graft 2 years after the surgery was related to the tibial tunnel placement which was placed not in proper anatomical site. We performed revision PCL surgery with a transseptal portal technique to ensure the tibial tunnel is placed inappropriate position.

Result:

The cause of failure was associated with the miss position of the tibial tunnel. The tibial tunnel performed in previous surgery was too anterior than the anatomical footprint. This condition might be caused by a surgical technique that depending only on PCL jig to guide the tibial tunnel direction and location. We performed a transseptal portal technique to get better visualization on the posterior aspect of the knee to achieve the proper direction of the tibial tunnel.

Conclusion:

The use of PCL jig as the only tool for guiding tibial tunneling should be avoided. An additional tool such as a transseptal portal is required to ensure the proper anatomical tibial tunnel to achieve good PCL graft placement.
Arthroscopic Revision Bankart for Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Dislocation : Contributing Factor Analysis and a Case Report
Authors: Lubis Andri , Oktari Prima Rizky
Published: November 2019

Objectives:

Recurrent shoulder dislocation after arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) is still a matter of discussion. The recurrence rate varies between four to fourteen percent in the general population. Re-injury timing, large anatomical defect, and anchor techniques are the factors contributing to re-dislocation after ABR, yet there was still no consensual algorithm for Bankart revision.

Case presentation:

We presented a case of 27 years old woman with recurrent anterior dislocation after seven years of arthroscopic Bankart repair. Seven years ago, we did Bankart repair using a 2.8 mm fiber-wire anchor (FASTak® (Arthrex, Karsfield Germany)). Now we decided to do arthroscopic revision using all suture anchor technique (Y-Knot® Flex All-Suture Anchor, 1.3mm – One strand of #2 Hi-Fi® (Conmed, New York)).

Results:

From preoperative and intraoperative assessment, we found that the mechanism of injury, Hill’s-Sachs lesion, Bankart lesion and the number of anchors contributed to re-dislocation. Four months postoperative follow up showed that the patient could gain a normal range of movement. No early or late complications were observed.

Conclusion:

The success of arthroscopic Bankart repair greatly depended on the preoperative assessment. The arthroscopic revision will do many benefits to the patient since it is less invasive and not compromising the post-operative range of motion of the shoulder.
ManCAD100: 100 Years of Audiology and Deaf Education at Manchester
Authors: Plack Christopher J. , Chilton Helen , Munro Kevin J.
Published: November 2019

In 2019, the Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness celebrates its 100th anniversary. To mark the centenary, this special issue is a collection of papers that showcases current research in Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness. The Editorial provides a brief history and description of the Centre and an overview of the special issue.
Applying Experiential Action Learning Pedagogy to an Intensive Course to Enhance Capacity to Conduct Community-Based Participatory Research
Authors: Coombe Chris M. , Schulz Amy J. , Brakefield-Caldwell Wilma , Gray Carol , Guzman J. Ricardo , Kieffer Edith C. , Lewis Toby , Reyes Angela G. , Rowe Zachary , Israel Barbara A.
Published: November 2019

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is widely recognized as an effective approach to understand and address health inequities. Opportunities for public health practitioners and researchers to engage jointly with community partners in intensive colearning processes can build capacity for CBPR. Using active learning approaches that engage diverse partners can enhance partnership development, competence, and equity. Examination of such pedagogical approaches can strengthen understanding of their contributions to the effectiveness of CBPR capacity-building programs. This article describes a weeklong intensive course carried out by the Detroit Urban Research Center as the foundation for a yearlong training program to build the capacity of community-academic partnership teams to engage in CBPR in their own communities. The in-person CBPR course was developed and implemented by expert academic and community instructors and used an experiential action learning model that integrated CBPR principles and processes. We describe the course content and application of our collaborative, experiential action learning model to course design; present results from participant evaluation of course effectiveness, CBPR competence, and equitable partnership development; and examine the contributions of the pedagogical approach to outcomes central to successful CBPR. The participatory, formative course evaluation used multiple methods that included closed- and open-ended questionnaires to assess instructional effectiveness, participant competence on 12 core components of CBPR, and course impact on partner relationships. Evaluation findings suggest that an experiential action learning approach with attention to colearning, collaboration among diverse instructors and participants, and an environment that fosters and models equitable and trusting relationships can be effective in building CBPR capacity.
Receiving a Diagnosis of Pernicious Anemia: Exploring Experiences of Relationships With Health Professionals
Authors: Seage Catherine Heidi , Glover Emily , Mercer Jenny
Published: November 2019

Objectives:

Pernicious anemia (PA) is a chronic condition caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. This is a qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), which aimed to explore the patients lived experience of diagnosis and treatment.

Methods:

Eleven semistructured interviews were conducted in PA patients; these covered participants’ diagnostic and treatment journeys, the responses of others to their diagnosis, and the role health professionals have played in their medical care. Interviews were analyzed for recurrent themes using IPA.

Results:

Three superordinate themes were identified: “The struggle to achieve a diagnosis,” “The significance of a diagnosis,” and “Battling for sufficient treatment.” Participants were dissatisfied with their medical care due to diagnostic delay, insufficient treatment, and poor relationships with their health professionals. Many experienced, anticipated, and internalized stigma, which led to a reduced quality of life and withdrawal from the medical profession.

Discussion:

Participants’ interactions with their health professionals hindered their adaptation to their condition; this affected their psychological and physical well-being. Increased clinician awareness of stigma in the PA population symptoms and effective patient-centered communication is required.
Crime and bus stops: An examination using transit smart card and crime data
Authors: Zahnow Renee , Corcoran Jonathan
Published: November 2019

Bus stops are considered “risky places” given their propensity to generate opportunities for crime and attract would-be offenders. In this study we examine crime across a large network of bus stops (n = 7170) in Brisbane, Australia. We use smart card and land use data to measure the influence of passenger presence and features of the immediate bus stop environs on theft and property damage at bus stops during peak and off-peak travel periods. We find that when more passengers are present at stops, there is greater risk of theft but there is no effect of passenger presence on property damage. We conclude that factors associated with crime at bus stops vary based on time of day.
Micro-Credentialing of Entrepreneurship Education in a Practice-Based Undergraduate Engineering Context
Authors: Eager Bronwyn , Cook Emily
Published: November 2019

This article presents a case description of the design decisions, delivery methods, and assessment framework for an entrepreneurship micro-credential in a newly developed practice-based engineering degree, which was codesigned with industry partners who called for the integration of innovation, proactivity, and creativity (i.e., characteristics of entrepreneurship) into engineering education. Students undertake the micro-credential via online and face-to-face modules. Assessment is competency-based, requiring students to apply the theoretical knowledge provided in the micro-credential to an industry-based project. By participating in the micro-credential, it is expected that students will have a better understanding of how products and services can address customer needs, and how opportunities for product and service enhancement can create opportunities for growing the offerings of engineering. Several insights into the strengths, limitations, and design considerations for entrepreneurship micro-credentials in an engineering education context are outlined in addition to suggestions for improvement.
Percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation for the treatment of the overactive bladder in children: Is it effective?
Authors: Ibrahim Hisham , Shouman Ahmed Mahmoud , Ela Waseem , Ghoneima Waleed , Shoukry Ahmed Ismail , ElSheemy Mohammed , Morsi Hani , Badawy Hesham , Eissa Mohamed , Kotb Sameh
Published: November 2019

Background

To assess the efficacy and durability of percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation for the treatment of the overactive bladder in children.

Results

Twenty patients with a mean age of 7 ± 3.3 years were included in the study. Subjective success was found in 12 patients (60%) who considered their situation to be better and requested to continue therapy to maintain the response which was considered as a therapeutic success, while eight patients (40%) patients chose not to continue therapy because they did not have symptomatic improvement.

Conclusion

Posterior tibial nerve stimulation is an effective, minimally invasive method for treatment and is easily applied to induce improvement in overactive bladder symptoms and objective urodynamic changes with negligible side effects.
The evolution of reproductive isolation in Daphnia
Authors: Chin Tiffany A. , Cáceres Carla E. , Cristescu Melania E.
Published: November 2019

Background

The process by which populations evolve to become new species involves the emergence of various reproductive isolating barriers (RIB). Despite major advancements in understanding this complex process, very little is known about the order in which RIBs evolve or their relative contribution to the total restriction of gene flow during various stages of speciation. This is mainly due to the difficulties of studying reproductive isolation during the early stages of species formation. This study examines ecological and non-ecological RIB within and between Daphnia pulex and Daphnia pulicaria, two recently diverged species that inhabit distinct habitats and exhibit an unusual level of intraspecific genetic subdivision.

Results

We find that while ecological prezygotic barriers are close to completion, none of the non-ecological barriers can restrict gene flow between D. pulex and D. pulicaria completely when acting alone. Surprisingly, we also identified high levels of postzygotic reproductive isolation in ‘conspecific’ interpopulation crosses of D. pulex.

Conclusions

While the ecological prezygotic barriers are prevalent during the mature stages of speciation, non-ecological barriers likely dominated the early stages of speciation. This finding indicates the importance of studying the very early stages of speciation and suggests the contribution of postzygotic isolation in initiating the process of speciation.
Structural and functional insights into the Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ATP-binding cassette transporter gene family
Authors: Adedipe Folukemi , Grubbs Nathaniel , Coates Brad , Wiegmman Brian , Lorenzen Marcé
Published: November 2019

Background

The western corn rootworm,Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, is a pervasive pest of maize in North America and Europe, which has adapted to current pest management strategies. In advance of an assembled and annotatedD. v. virgiferagenome, we developed transcriptomic resources to use in identifying candidate genes likely to be involved in the evolution of resistance, starting with members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family.

Results

In this study, 65 putativeD. v. virgiferaABC (DvvABC) transporters were identified within a combined transcriptome assembly generated from embryonic, larval, adult male, and adult female RNA-sequence libraries. Phylogenetic analysis placed the deduced amino-acid sequences of theDvvABC transporters into eight subfamilies (A to H). To supplement our sequence data with functional analysis, we identified orthologs ofTribolium castaneumABC genes which had previously been shown to exhibit overt RNA interference (RNAi) phenotypes. We identified eight suchD. v. virgiferagenes, and found that they were functionally similar to theirT. castaneumcounterparts. Interestingly, depletion ofDvvABCB_39715andDvvABCG_3712transcripts in adult females produced detrimental reproductive and developmental phenotypes, demonstrating the potential of these genes as targets for RNAi-mediated insect control tactics.

Conclusions

By combining sequence data from four libraries covering three distinct life stages, we have produced a relatively comprehensive de novo transcriptome assembly forD. v. virgifera. Moreover, we have identified 65 members of the ABC transporter family and provided the first insights into the developmental and physiological roles of ABC transporters in this pest species.