bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective Role of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Expressing miR-124 in Endometritis
Authors: Cheng Shuqing , Li Haibo , Yan Lulu
Published: October 2022

Endometritis is correlated to repeated implantation failures. MicroRNA (miRNA) participates in several inflammatory diseases and miR-124 is involved in many diseases. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are closely connected to the regulation of inflammation. Human endometrial epithelial
cells (HEECs) were cultured in vitro, assigned into control group, LPS group and BMSC group, and miR-124 overexpressing BMSCs were constructed and co-cultured with HEECs followed by analysis of HMGB1 and NF-κB expression by Western Blot, and the proliferation and apoptosis
of HEECs. In LPS group, HEECs proliferation and miR-124 decreased, apoptosis and HMGB1 increased (P < 0.05). After co-culture with BMSCs, it can promote HEECs proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, increase miR-124, and decrease HMGB1, NF-κb and the secretion of inflammatory
factors (P < 0.05) with more significant changes in the high miR-124 expression group. miR-124 in endometritis endometrial epithelial cells is downregulated. In conclusion, BMSCs with high expression of miR-124 can inhibit inflammation and regulate endometrial epithelial cell apoptosis
by regulating HMGB1 and NF-κB, thereby promoting endometrial epithelial cells proliferation and delaying endometritis progression.
MiR-58 Promotes Malignant Phenotype of Retinoblastoma via Regulating Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome 10/Protein Kinase B (PTEN/Akt)
Authors: Liu Cuihong , Wang Na , Long Keqin , Liu Honglei
Published: October 2022

Micrornas-58 (miR-58) is expressed in pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, thyroid papillary carcinoma, cervical cancer and breast cancer and related to the prognosis. In glioma. miR-58 promotes the malignant phenotype by PTEN/AKT, but whether it participates in retinoblastoma
(RB) remains unclear. This study intends to evaluate miR-58’s role in retinoblastoma malignant phenotype. RB tumor tissue and normal tissue were collected and epithelial cells were cultured to measure miR-58 level by PCR and PTEN/AKT signaling activity by western blot. Cells were assigned
into control group and miR-58 mimics group followed by analysis of cell proliferation by CCK-8 assay and cloning experiments, invasion and migration by Transwell and scratch assay, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and level of cleaved casepase-3, EMT and PTEN/Akt pathway related proteins by Western
blot. Compared to ARPE-19 or normal tissue, RB tissues or cell line presented significantly higher miR-58 level and PTEN/AKT activation. In addition, miR-58 mimics transfection upregulated miR-58, promoted cell behaviors as well as reduced cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-58 mimics also enhanced
PTEN/Akt activation and promoted the malignant phenotype which was inhibited after LY-294002 treatment. In conclusion, miR-58 promotes the malignant phenotype of retinoblastoma via PTEN/Akt signaling.
The Biological Role of miRNA-130a-3p in Regulating Cartilage Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs)
Authors: Wang Fan , Zhang Xiangyue , Liu Xiulan , Chen Yusheng
Published: October 2022

This study assesses the biological effects of miRNA-130a-3p on cartilage differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Alcian blue and toluidine blue staining techniques assessed BMSCs differentiation into chondrocytes. Luciferase reporter gene analyzed the targeting
relationship and qRT-PCR detected miR-130a-3p and SOX4 level along with analysis of cell proliferation and protein level. After miR-130a-3p mimics transfection, chondrocyte markers were significantly upregulated. miR-130a-3p bound SOX4 3′UTR. miR-130a-3p overexpression decreased SOX4
and promoted cell proliferation. After miR-130a-3p overexpression for 15 days, chondrocytes marker expression was significantly elevated and chondrocyte marker level was decreased after addition of SOX4, which was restored by miR-130a-3p upregulation. In conclusion, miRNA-130a-3p overexpression
can regulate BMSCs differentiation into chondrocytes by down-regulating SOX4, which has a good application prospect.
A Preclinical Study of Bone Marrow Buffy Coat Components and Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Su Hang , Song Guo , Gurung Kumar , Fu ShouYong , Jin GuangWen , Mei Hao , Wang Xu , Jin LongHao
Published: October 2022

Background: Autologous bone marrow buffy coat transplantation possesses obvious advantages in the therapy of cartilage defects. However, there is no definite research on the specific effective components of bone marrow buffy coat and their mechanism of cartilage regeneration. Moreover, bone marrow buffy coat is difficult to fix onto the damaged cartilage area. We evaluated the composition of Buffy coat and the combined use of hyaluronic acid (HA) as a scaffold material for repairing cartilage defects. Methods and Materials: We extracted the bone marrow from the anterior superior iliac crest of the rabbit, centrifuged it to obtain buffy coat, and analyzed the components of buffy coat by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Buffy coat+fibrinogen/HA group, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)+fibrinogen/HA group, MSC+ Transforming Growth Factorβ(TGF-β)+ fibrinogen/HA group were culturedin vitroand observed by staining. In addition, we made damage to the femoral condyle of rabbits and divided them into groups: HA group, buffy coat group, buffy coat with HA group. Each group was assessed for cartilage regeneration by visual observation, histological at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, and biochemical analysis at 8 weeks postoperatively. One-way ANOVA and LSD were used for statistical analysis. Results: Buffy coat have a variety of growth factors, inflammatory factors, and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate the MSCs’ regeneration. Buffy coat can differentiate into cartilage without TGF-βstimulationin vitro. The cartilage regeneration ability of buffy coat and buffy coat+HA is strong, and the combination of buffy coat and gel scaffold HA can make cartilage formation ability more stablein vivo. Conclusion: MSC and cytokines in buffy coat synergistically promote cartilage regeneration. Gel scaffold HA enhances the effect of buffy coat on cartilage attachment and regeneration of cartilage defects.
High Density Lipoprotein Based Delivery of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Protein for Myocardial Ischemia Therapy
Authors: Cai Meijiao , Huang Wanzhi , Wang Ling
Published: October 2022

A high density lipoprotein (HDL) based protein delivery system composed of HDL, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein was constructed (HDL/PEI/VEGF) was fabricated as an advanced system for myocardial ischemia therapy. Here, PEI was utilized to
effectively adsorb VEGF protein, followed by additional functioning of targeting protein HDL. The HDL/PEI/VEGF was shown to have size of 100 nm. Cellular distribution and uptake experiments of HDL/PEI/VEGF revealed the possible Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) mediated delivery of
VEGF protein. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity and ELISA assays on H9C2 cells further revealed high intracellular delivery of VEGF. Moreover, in vivo investigation on ischemia/reperfusion rat model implied that HDL/PEI/VEGF possessed strong therapeutic activity. These findings
indicated that HDL/PEI/VEGF could be an ideal system for the therapy of myocardial ischemia.
Hybrid Gastric Cancer Exosome as Potential Drug Carrier for Targeted Gastric Cancer Therapy
Authors: Tian Qing , Guo Ying , Li Dan , Dong Liang
Published: October 2022

Gastric cancer is among the leading lethal cancer types in the world. However, its five year survival rate is far from satisfactory. Therefore, the development of targeted cancer gastric cancer therapy is a promising way to cure gastric cancer. Gastric cancer exosome is reported to
have high caner targeting efficacy, but its yield is relatively low. Herein, we proposed a facile way to construct hybrid gastric cancer exosome (HGCE) with high yield as potential drug carrier for targeted gastric cancer therapy. The doxorubicin (Dox) loaded HGCE (Dox/HGCE) was developed
as drug delivery system (DDS) to treat gastric cancer. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that Dox/HGCE showed not only high and specific homing ability to the gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) but also good anticancer performance which can be a promising DDS for gastric
cancer therapy.
Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Inhibit the Invasion and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Under Hypoxic Microenvironment
Authors: Xu Yingfeng , Dai Juan , Zhu Juan
Published: October 2022

This study intends to explore the mechanism underlying bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (exo) impacting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and OC cell development. RT-qPCR determined HIF-1α level in OC tissues and cells. OC cells were
cocultured with BMSC-exo and transfected with plasmids expressing si-NC, pc-DNA-HIF-1α or si-HIF-1α followed by analysis of cell viability, migration, proliferation or apoptosis by CCK-8 assay, clone formation assay or flow cytometry and EMT-related protein expression.
HIF-1α expression increased in OC tissues and its level was positively correlated with the diagnostic sensitivity. In the presence of BMSC-exo and pc-DNA-HIF-1α, cell viability and invasion of were significantly increased, and decreased by transfection of si-HIF-1α
with down-regulated EMT-related proteins. In conclusion, HIF-1α is up-regulated in OC and BMSC-exo promotes OC development and accelerates EMT progression, which provides a novel insight into the impact of BMSCs on OC.
miR-21 Overexpression Ameliorates the Myocardial Injury and Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Lu Changliang , Jiang Guoyong , Zhao Xiaoyan
Published: October 2022

This study assessed the effect of miR-21 overexpression on the myocardial injury and inflammation and oxidative stress. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of rats and lentivirus with pLVX- miR-21 were isolated and assigned into control group, model group, BMSCs group and group of over presentation of miR-21 followed by analysis of the proliferative and apoptotic activity of damaged myocardial cells, miR-21 by RT-PCR and the level of Bcl-2, Bax and VEGF, SOD activity and ROS generation as well as the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α. H/R group showed significantly upregulated miR-21 expression, decreased cell proliferation, increased Caspase3 activity, reduced Bcl-2, increased Bax as well as decreased VEGF and SOD activity, increased ROS generation and IL-6 and TNF-αsecretion. However, BMSC group and miR-21-BMSC group showed the opposite changes of the above mentioned parameters with more changes in miR-21-BMSC group. In conclusion, the proliferation of BMSC is prompted and apoptosis is restrained with the overexpression of miR-21, leading to accelerated recovery of cardiac injury caused by IRI.
Evaluation of Chemokine (C–X–C motif) Ligand 12 (CXCL12) Function on Homing and Recovering of Stem Cell in Rats with Asherman Syndrome Uterine Injury
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Guo Ping , Wang Jin
Published: October 2022

This study intends to discuss the action of CXCL12 on homing and recovering of stem cell in rats with Asherman Syndrome uterine injury. Forty SD rats were divided into blank group, AS group, CXCL12 group and group of CXCL12 and AMD3100 followed by analysis of the colocalization of cells derived from GFP-positive bone marrow by IF staining, the pathological form of uterus by Masson tricolor and Sirius red staining, as well as the pregnancy rate pregnant time and litter size along with evaluation of the condition of recovery of rats’ uterus. The positive rate of GFP, CD45 and CK in blank group was significantly lower than AS group without significant difference between AS group and AMD3100 group. However, it was significantly higher in CXCL12 group than AS group. There was no abnormal uterus tissue in blank group but notable fibrillation in AS group. The fibrosis level could be reduced in CXCL12 group and AMD3100 group. The pregnancy rate and litter size in blank group was higher than AS group and also higher in CXCL12 group than group of CXC12 with AMD3100. The pregnant time in blank group was less than AS group. The positive expression of GFP, CD45 and CK was upregulated by CXCL12 treatment. In conclusion, the homing and recovering of stem cell in rats with Asherman Syndrome uterine injury are improved and the pregnancy rate and litter size are elevated.
Regulation of Colon Cancer Cells Biology by Long Non-Coding RNA Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (LncRNA MALAT1) via Targeting miR-184
Authors: Bie Jun , Zeng Junrong , Wu Xinxiang
Published: October 2022

Colon cancer remains a serious threat to human, as lncRNAs and miRNAs are found as crucial components for colon cancer progression and metastasis. But the role of lncRNA MALAT1 in colon cancer remains elusive. Herein, we aimed at investigating its function in the colon cancer and exploring
the interaction between MALAT1 and miR-184. We collected tumor tissue specimens from patients with colon cancer and determined the expression of MALAT1 and miR-184 using RTqPCR. Functional experiment was established to detect the impact of MALAT1 siRNA or miR-184 inhibitor, followed by transwell
assay and scratch experiment to assess colon cancer cell migration and invasion. Bioinformatics software and luciferase reporter system analyzed the targeting relationship between MALAT1 and miR-184. MALAT1 was up-regulated in colon cancer tissue, while miR-184 was poorly expressed and they
were correlated with the clinicopathology of colon cancer (P <0.05). miR-184 was indicated as the target miRNA of MALAT1. Moreover, silencing of MALAT1 up-regulatedthe expression of miR-184 when activating Caspase3 activity, inhibiting Bcl-2 expression, increasing Bax expression.
And MALAT1 siRNA inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion (P <0.05). However, transfection of miR-184 inhibitor abrogated these effectsinhibitor, when increasing MALAT1 expression. Collectively, we demonstrated that miR-184 is the target miRNA of Lnc-RNA MALAT1 and MALAT1 promotes
colon cancer cell progression through inhibition of miR-184.
Development of Bioadhesive Transdermal Patches of Bupivacaine for the Enhancement of Anaesthetic Effect: Study in Rat Model
Authors: Li Peng , Zhou Rui , Huang Jianjun , Li Dan
Published: October 2022

The topical route for local anaesthesia including ointments and creams can be easily washed off by wetting agents or with contact or movement. The goal and objective of the present study was to develop and formulate a transdermal patch for local anaesthesia. These patches were formulated
by solvent casting method by the use of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) polymer, different enhancers, and vasoconstrictor which is the key ingredient for enhancing aesthetic activity. Formulated patches were evaluated for the physical and physicochemical parameters like moisture content,
moisture uptake, folding endurance, water vapour permeability, drug content, and drug release, and in vivo study was done on rats. Amongst all the formulations, F7 was considered the ideal formulation which is the combination of HPMC polymer, polyoxyethylene 2-oleyl ether as an enhancer,
and vasoconstrictor Tetrahydrozoline. For in vivo testing Tail flick method was applied and the effect of anaesthesia was maximum as compared to other formulations. In comparison to the control formulation, there was a 2.34-fold increase in aesthetic activity. When compared to the control
formulation, the F7 formulation exhibited improved and longer efficacy. A transdermal bupivacaine patch incorporating a penetration enhancer and a vasoconstrictor could be created to improve the local cosmetic effects of bupivacaine.
miR-101 Promotes Degradation of Cartilage Matrix in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cheng Hao , Du Lina
Published: October 2022

Abnormal GSK-3β or miR-101 expression is associated with osteoarthritis (OA). This study assessed whether miR-101 regulates GSK-3β expression in OA. The cartilage tissue of OA patients and normal cartilage tissue after traumatic amputation were collected to measure
miR-101, GSK-3β and β-catenin level. The OA model rats were assigned into OA+antagomiR-NC group and OA+miR-antagomiR-101 group, followed by analysis of Hyp level by ELISA, caspase-3 activity, cell apoptosis by TUENL, as well as the level of miR-101, GSK-3β,
β-catenin and COL2A1. miR-101 and β-catenin expression in cartilage tissue of OA was significantly increased and GSK-3β was decreased. miR-101 targeted GSK-3β. OA group showed significantly increased miR-101 and β-catenin level and
decreased GSK-3β and COL2A1 level along with increased apoptosis of cartilage tissue. Compared with OA+antagomiR-NC group, miR-101 and β-catenin expression, caspase-3 activity and cell apoptosis in OA+miR-antagomiR-101 group was decreased and GSK-3β and
COL2A1 expression was elevated with decreased Hyp content. In conclusion, increased miR-101 expression can reduce GSK-3β expression, enhance Wnt/β-catenin signaling, promote the degradation and destruction of cartilage matrix and play a role in OA pathogenesis. However,
inhibition of miR-101 expression can ameliorate OA.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSC)-Derived miR-203-3p Ameliorates Acute Myocardial Infarction Through Activating Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Jinyu , Yu Wen , Li Xiuqi , Wu Xingàn , Hou Liang
Published: October 2022

Cardiovascular disease is currently the number one threaten of human health, which is associated with a high morbidity and high mortality. It is suggested that miR-203-3p has a variety of biological activities such as anticoagulation. However, the role and mechanism of BMSC-derived
miR-203-3p in acute myocardial infarction rats is unclear. The rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was established and then administrated with the mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin or si-miR-203-3p intervention. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining detected pathologies of myocardial infarction,
proteins expression was measured by Western blot and myocardial enzymes levels in rats were detected by ELISA. The rats in myocardial infarction model group showed severe myocardial damage, which were ameliorated after interventions of Rapamycin or si-miR-203-3p. The intervention of Rapamycin
or si-miR-203-3p can inhibit the mTOR signaling pathway, decrease TNF-α and IL-6 secretion, and reduce the expression level of myocardial enzyme spectrum indicators. In conclusion, BMSCderived miR-203-3p can inhibit mTOR-mediated inflammation and ameliorate myocardial infarction.
Our study provides a basis and lays a scientific basis for the early drug development.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell (BMSC) Ameliorates the Damage of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Rats Through Regulation of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1/C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) Axis
Authors: Xu Yanqiu , Kang Xiaoli
Published: October 2022

This study assesses the effect and mechanism of BMSC in IBD rat. Fifty SDF-grade rats were assigned into divided into NC group, model group, BMSC group, blocking agent group and positive NC group randomly with 10 rates in each group. The histopathological changes of colon tissue, expression
of Musashi-1, DAPI, SDF-1 and CXCR4 was measured. There was notable inflammatory cell infiltration in model group and agonist group. The structure of gland was destructed notably with notable-visible phenomenon of hyperemia and edema in colon tissue. They could be improved significantly in
positive control group and BMSC group. The necrotic colonic mucosal tissue began to be recovered slowly. The phenomenon of hyperemia and edema was alleviated notably without abnormality in colon tissue in control group. The positive level of Musashi-1 in control group, model group and agonist
group was the highest. In conclusion, BMSC could be migrated into colonic damage position and differentiated into intestine stem cells to exert recovery effect on IBD rats. The molecular mechanism might be related with SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.
Improvement of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) via Epothilone B (Epo B) Incorporated with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSC) by Down-Regulate the High Mobility Group BOX-1
Authors: Li Tao , Han Ying , Zheng Bin , Feng Shibo , Chang Le
Published: October 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of serious central nervous system injuries. There is no still effective treatment and the prognosis remains poor. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and Epo B are proven to promote tissue repair and regeneration. This study analyzed the potential impact of BMSCs and Epo on SCI to provide new ideas for the treatment. After establishment of SCI model, mice were randomly administered with BMSCs and/or Epo B to assess their therapeutic effects through behavioral analysis, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. In addition, the number of host neuron and wound healing was assessed. Combined treatment of Epo B and BMSCs significantly improved the survival of neurons, increased axon growth, and promoted motor recovery following spinal cord injury. Single treatment of BMSCs or Epo B rarely improved mice’s behavior. Only combination with BMSCs and Epo B enhanced axonal extension, possibly due to the reduction of inflammation by BMSCs. In addition, we found that surviving neurons in the spinal canal are essential for the functional recovery. Collectively, the combination of BMSCs and Epo B has a neuroprotective effect on CI in rats, and achieves a promising recovery effect of motor function probably due to down-regulation of HMGB1. These findings may lay a foundation for the development of targeted therapy.
Color Stability of CAD/CAM versus Conventionally Processed Denture Base Resins: A Systematic Review
Authors: Al Taweel Sara
Published: October 2022

This systematic review aimed to gather conclusive information from existing research that compared the color stability between conventional and CAD/CAM-processed denture resins. The Web of Science, MEDLINE-PubMed, and Scopus electronic databases were searched to identify the relevant,
original, peer-reviewed clinical and in vitro studies and experimental reports published in English. A thorough analysis revealed seven publications fulfilling the inclusion criteria. In the included studies, the denture resins color stability was evaluated following thermal cycling,
exposure to staining media, mechanical brushing, and immersion in denture cleansers. Color measurements were performed using the International Organization for Standardization recommended CIE76 (ΔE * ab) formula in five studies and the CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formula
in two studies. Most studies compared compression-molded acrylic resins with CAD/CAM-milled resins followed by CAD/CAM 3D printed resins. The overall color change values in these studies ranged between 0.48 and 23.66. The CAD/CAM-printed and compression-molded resin specimens demonstrated
the lowest (1.41) and highest (4.51) mean color change values, respectively. The injection-molded and CAD/CAM-milled specimens showed color change values of 1.8 and 3.78, respectively. Based on the existing literature comparing the conventional and digitally processed denture resins color
stability, it is concluded that the latter yield better color stability than the former. However, the specific data regarding the color stability of denture resins fabricated by the two CAD/CAM processing methods and the two conventional methods remain inconclusive.
Exosomes from miR-141-Inhibitor-Modified Bone Marrow Stem Cells Restrain the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Xiao Tianbing , Kuang Jinbing , Xia Wei , Wang Tianhui , Li Jianjun
Published: October 2022

miR-141 is highly expressed in prostate cancer. miR-141 can down-regulate PTEN to enhance Akt expression, thereby facilitating the malignant features of cells. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) are one type of promising therapeutic carrier for the exosomes. This study assessed the effect
of exosomes originating from the miR-141-inhibitor-modified BMSCs on prostate cancer cells. For in vitro experiment, a prostate cancer cell line (DU145 cells) was employed and when they reach a logarithmic growth phase, they were co-cultured with BMSCs and then assigned into miR-141
down group, miR-141 up group, NC group and control group followed by analysis of miR-141 expression by quantitative-PCR, cell proliferation by MTT assay, cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry, and P13K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins expression by western blotting. The exosomes originating
from the miR-141-inhibitor-modified BMSCs decreased miR-141 expression, restrained cell proliferation, increased cell proportions in G0/G1 and G2 phases, while decreased cell proportions in S phase. Control group and miR-141 down group exhibited weak expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal proteins,
which included p-mTOR, p-P70S6K, p-4E-BP1, p-Akt and p-PTEN. In conclusion, exosomes from the miR-141-inhibitor-modified BMSCs can restrain prostate cancer cell proliferation and increase apoptosis possibly through targeting PTEN to modulate the P13K/Akt/mTOR signal transduction pathway.
Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1 (SDF-1) Regulates the Proliferation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) and Affects Myocardial Cell Injury
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Wang Wei
Published: October 2022

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious disease with a high mortality. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) can recruit circulating progenitor cell populations into damaged tissues. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a variety of cellular functions. We studied the ability of SDF-1 to repair ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced heart injury via regulating BMSCs proliferation in rats. Mouse BMSCs were isolated and expanded. Cell proliferation and apoptotic factors were analyzed. The rats were assigned into control group, BMSCs group or SDF-1-BMSCs group. SDF-1 expression was analyzed by ELISA. Rat heart function changes, the expression of various related factors, and the secretion of TNF-αwere analyzed. SDF-1 stimulated BMSCs proliferation and decreased Caspase 3 activity (P<0.05). Rats in BMSCs group and SDF-1-BMSCs group showed significantly improved cardiac function, higher expressions of Bcl-2 and VEGF, and lower levels of TNF-α(P< 0.05), while the improvement in SDF-1-BMSCs group was the most significant (P<0.05). In conclusion, SDF-1 promotes the repair of IRI via promoting the proliferation of BMSCs and inhibiting apoptosis.
Cell Surface Engineering to Improve Migration of Natural Killer Cells Toward Bladder Cancer
Authors: Silang Jiangcun , Cai Zhenxian , Liu Ge , Zhang Baopeng
Published: October 2022

Natural killer (NK) cells therapy for bladder cancer has shown a promise in clinical studies. However, insufficient of NK cells to the bladder cancer represents an important reason for the poor clinic trials against bladder cancer. How to improve the homing of infused NK cells is an
important challenge. It is well known that chemokine receptor 3 which induces NK cells migration toward bladder cancer, expressed on NK cells. We hypothesized that CXCR3-modified NK cells could improving anti-tumor effect by enhancing homing of infused NK cells to the bladder cancer area.
In this study, to provide a good mean to improve the homing of NK cells, we studied a surface modification method to incorporate CXCR3 on the surface of NK cells. In the results, this modification method shows a good biocompatibility for NK cells, and the results show that the migration of
NK cells toward and against bladder cancer was enhanced. These preclinical findings suggest that CXCR3 modified NK cells may be a promising therapy for targeting bladder cancer and other tumors.
Transplantation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Improves Nerve Cell Function in Rats with Cerebral Infarction and Injury
Authors: Hu Renlin , Hao Yaming , Tao Fan , Wang Feng , Zhang Weichen , Tao Yuxuan
Published: October 2022

Our study intends to assess the effect of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on nerve cell in rats with cerebral infarction and injury. 36 healthy rats were separated into JS group (sham-operation), NG group (cerebral infarction) and YZ group (BMSCs transplantation).
The arrangement of brain tissue in JS group was integrated without edema and confused in NG group with obvious edema. However, the necrosis degree of brain tissue in YZ group was alleviated. There were symptoms of muscle loss in the right foreleg and hind leg of rats in NG group. The NSS score
in NG group was higher than JS group (P < 0.05), suggesting that the neurological function after BMSCs transplantation was improved. The distribution of cortical tissue was tight and nervous tissue distribution in NG group was evacuated comparatively. The quantity of nerve cell was
reduced with tumescence. In conclusion, transplantation of BMSCs exerts a promising therapeutic effect on the treatment of cerebral infarction as it can improve nerve cell function, reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines secretion, and ameliorate cerebral injury.
Mir-184 Regulates Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Osteoporosis Rats via Targeting Special AT-Rich Sequence-Binding Protein 2 (Satb2)
Authors: Wang Lei , Dai Yi , Yang Qing
Published: October 2022

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) participates in osteoporosis (OP) development and their differentiation can affect OP progression. miR-184 is involved in several diseases. However, miR-184’s role in BMSCs in osteoporosis is unclear. Rat BMSCs were isolated and assigned into control group, Mir-184 inhibitor group and Mir-184 group followed by analysis of Mir-184, Runx2 and OCN expression by Real time PCR, ALP activity and calcified nodules formation by Alizarin red staining. SD rats were separated into sham operation group, OP group and Mir-184 inhibitor group and bone density was assessed by micro-CT. Mir-184 inhibitor transfection significantly down-regulated Mir-184, increased expression of Runx2, OCN and Stab2 and promoted ALP activity (P<0.05), which were all reversed by Mir-184 mimic. Satb2 was targeted by Mir-184. Transfection of Mir-184 inhibitor and shSATB2 lentivirus decreased Runx2 and OCN expression and reduced calcified nodules formation. Mir-184 down-regulation in OP rats promoted Runx2 and OCN expression and increased bone density. In conclusion, Mir-184 expression is increased in OP rat BMSCs and its down-regulation can target Satb2, which promote osteogenic differentiation and increase calcified nodule formation and ameliorate OP disease.
The No Surprises Act: A Conservative Band-Aid to Protect Business as Usual
Authors: Rodwin Marc A. , Sager Alan
Published: October 2022

Hailed as a major reform, the No Surprises Act (NSA) is a profoundly conservative law that aims neither to reform design of insurance, to regulate fees, nor to limit health care spending. The NSA mitigates a perverse but narrow problem: unpredictable and uncontrollable high out-of-pocket bills for individuals who are unable to receive care within their insurance network. However, the NSA neglects to address the broader high medical costs, limited choice of caregivers, and the resulting insecurity and unfairness that characterize American health care. It allows caregivers to extract high payments and insurers to restrict choice of caregivers. Insurers can continue to employ ineffective cost controls that generate unpredictable high out-of-pocket costs for patients—and high levels of denial of payments to doctors and hospitals. The law amputated the most politically and visibly gangrenous consequences of unregulated private insurance in the United States in ways that enable business as usual in private health insurance to persist, subject to unnecessarily complex arbitration rules that magnify administrative waste.
An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Household Demographics on Diarrhea Morbidity in Children Aged 0 to 48 Months in Namibia
Authors: Oyedele Opeoluwa
Published: October 2022

Many of the simple and low-cost child diarrhea morbidities interventions, such as adequate home care, access to health care services, and improved sanitation and hygiene practices, are far beyond the reach of many households in developing countries, and Namibia is not an exception to this. In this study, a quantitative cross-sectional study design using a multivariable log-binomial model was used to examine the effect of household demographic characteristics on diarrhea morbidity in children aged zero to 48 months using data collected from the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey. Household demographic characteristics such as household's wealth index and main language spoken at home had lower risks on child diarrhea morbidity, while characteristics such as age of household head, toilet facilities shared with other households, current age of child, residency of the child, and child vaccination status had higher risks. The Namibian government, together with nongovernmental organizations, should make necessary vaccines interventions compulsory to prevent diarrheal diseases during the first few years of the child's life and continuously enhance initiatives that invest in good sanitation and hygiene infrastructure within Rukwangali- and Lozi-speaking communities in the country.
Is Neoliberalism Killing Us? A Cross Sectional Study of the Impact of Neoliberal Beliefs on Health and Social Wellbeing in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Card Kiffer G. , Hepburn Kirk J.
Published: October 2022

Neoliberal ideology is linked to poorer collective health and well-being. At the individual level, however, neoliberal beliefs may actually promote self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-reliance. We examined the effects of three beliefs underlying neoliberalism—( a) Personal Wherewithal, ( b) Natural Competition, and ( c) Anti-Government Interference—to understand the unique pathways by which neoliberalism affects health and well-being at the individual level. Participants were recruited using paid advertisements on social media in May/June 2020. Multivariable regression identified associations between each of the three identified neoliberal beliefs and participants’ ( a) self-rated physical health, ( b) number of health diagnoses, ( c) life satisfaction, ( d) loneliness, and ( e) social trust of family, close friends/partners, coworkers, neighbors, and strangers. Among 2632 respondents, personal wherewithal was associated with better health, life satisfaction, and social well-being (perhaps by promoting self-efficacy and self-reliance to undertake healthy behaviors), while anti-government beliefs were associated with worse life satisfaction and social well-being (perhaps by reducing benefits inherent in collective action and social connection). Those hoping to reduce the negative effects of neoliberalism on collective well-being must contend with the reinforcing effect that personal wherewithal might have in shaping the perceived benefits of neoliberalism among those with these beliefs.
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Natural Law: How Seven Years as an Embryologist Revealed IVF's Disordered Approach to Patient Care
Authors: Turczynski Craig , Dodd Alexa , Urlakis Mary Anne
Published: October 2022

This article is a case study illuminating the experience of a cradle Catholic who pursued a career in the field of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) as a laboratory director and embryologist. Twenty years after leaving the field, the observations leading to the crisis of conscience are further amplified by the reports of social, legal, ethical, and medical consequences of the technology. These consequences are explored in detail and can serve as a mini-review of the published scientific literature describing the obstetrical complications, peri-natal outcomes, and the long-term health effects on the offspring. This paper provides the documented evidence that can be used by the religious and medical community for shepherding the flock. The disordered approach to patient care is evidenced by five serious consequences resulting from the use of the technology. These include multiple pregnancy and selective reduction, abandoned and discarded embryos, adverse health effects to the women and children, legal and ethical problems, and human experimentation. An explanation for the adverse consequences can be found by exploring and applying the principles of Natural Law. Natural Law, as embraced by the Catholic Church, can be used as a starting point for conversion of heart for many who struggle with the immorality of ART. Deterring use of the technology coupled with increased motivation by scientist and health professionals to pursue restorative approaches within a moral framework offer our best solution to the treatment of infertility. Natural Law and the consequences of violating it provide evidence that science and medicine should not be practiced in a vacuum void of ethical and moral boundaries grounded in divine Wisdom.
Race, Perceived Criminality and Housing Choice Voucher Recipients: Do Black Voucher Recipients’ Moves to the Suburbs Increase Crime Rates?
Authors: Stoll Michael A.
Published: October 2022

Public attention has focused on especially Black Housing Choice Voucher Recipients’ (HCVRs) residential mobility and whether and to what extent crime is influenced as a result. This paper adds to the growing empirical literature on this question by focusing on the race of HCVRs and examining whether changes in Black HCVRs presence in suburban areas over time is followed by changes in crime rates among the 100 largest metropolitan areas in the country. Multiple data sources are used to examine this question including data on voucher holders from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Picture of Subsidized Housing, on crime from the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Offenses Known and Cleared by Arrest compiled by the FBI, and on important demographic data from the Census Bureau. First difference regression methods as well as lead and lag dependent (and independent) variable analysis, among other methods, are used to assess whether Black HCVRs influence crime in suburban areas. The results of the analysis indicate no support for the Black HCVRs – suburban crime hypothesis, consistent with previous research. The evidence indicates positive, statistically significant relationships between White HCVRs and suburban crime. However, lead and lag analysis suggests the relationship is not causal. If anything, the evidence points to White HCVRs moving to suburban areas where crime is increasing. Fears of increased crime resulting from increased presence of HCVRs are therefore not well supported by the studies’ results, and should allay any concerns about unintended crime costs of the HCV program.
The Role of Adaptive Scaffolding System in Supporting Middle School Problem-Based Learning Activities
Authors: Pan Zilong , Liu Min
Published: October 2022

This mixed-method study introduced an adaptive scaffolding system to support middle school science problem-based learning (PBL) activities. 298 6th-graders were grouped into three conditions, which are the adaptive scaffolding group, the non-adaptive scaffolding group, and a control group that did not receive any scaffoldings. Results showed that problem-solving self-efficacy for students who engaged with the adaptive scaffolding system had improved significantly compared to the other two groups. Moreover, since students were conducting the PBL activity under two modes (online and in-person), the results also showed that students in the online mode gained more science content knowledge compared to their peers in the in-person mode after engaging with the adaptive system. Student interviews revealed that the real-time supports and in-time feedback provided by the adaptive system were the key elements that facilitated their improvements, teacher interviews presented that the adaptive system provided effective assists for teachers to facilitate the PBL activities.
Networking Fast and Slow: The Role of Speed in Tie Formation
Authors: Brennecke Julia , Ertug Gokhan , Elfring Tom
Published: October 2022

Growing interest in network dynamics has led to insights about patterns of network change, drivers of tie formation, and the temporal unfolding of the consequences of networks. To this area of inquiry, we introduce networking speed—the time that it takes for individuals to form a network tie—as an important but so far largely overlooked aspect. We develop a theory of networking speed that explains how different catalysts enable professionals to introduce variation into the speed with which they form interpersonal network ties. We discuss how such variation in the speed with which ties have been formed influences relational outcomes and the network returns that these ties generate. This discussion illustrates that high networking speed can entail advantages as well as pitfalls. We also explore temporal implications of networking speed—for instance, the persistence of the effects of speed over time. Overall, we conceptualize networking speed as a constitutive element of how interpersonal networks function in professional settings, and we propose a future research program for the integration of this novel concept into organizational network research.
Exploring Stakeholders’ Interpretations of Safe Sport
Authors: Gurgis Joseph John , Kerr Gretchen , Battaglia Anthony
Published: October 2022

In response to numerous highly publicized cases of athlete maltreatment, sport organizations have developed prevention and intervention strategies under the umbrella term of Safe Sport; however, confusion exists about what it does and does not encompass. To better understand what Safe Sport encompasses, this study sought to develop a conceptual framework of Safe Sport, informed by the perspectives of various stakeholders in sport. Using a social constructivist grounded theory approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with forty-one participants, including athletes, coaches, sport administrators, and researchers. The results are interpreted to suggest that participants’ understanding of Safe Sport are informed by three overarching themes: environmental and physical safety, relational safety, and optimising sport, all of which are viewed as continuously evolving relative to the ever-changing context of sport and broader society. Recommendations are made to optimise sport experiences and thus prevent physical and psychological harms through a safeguarding approach that prioritizes the promotion of human rights.
Assemblage Thinking as Attunement to Race, Gender, and Sexuality in Youth Sport Research
Authors: Camiré Martin
Published: October 2022

Youth sport is often prefaced as an accessible social practice facilitating development and wellbeing, yet social controls and inequalities abound along racial, gender, and sexual divisions. In efforts of transformative theoretical manoeuvring, the purpose of the paper is to deploy assemblage thinking as attunement to race, gender, and sexuality in youth sport research. A rationale for assemblage thinking is provided, followed by explanations of what assemblage thinking can do. Assemblage thinking is then deployed, situating race, gender, and sexuality as provisional performative doings. Key considerations are offered as to how youth sport researchers can engage in performative participation, acting as becoming-resources who consider the ever-evolving dynamics of academia and capitalism. Assemblage thinking is positioned as a provincial lens that can instigate more sustainable transformative research.
Transforming the Female Body: Gender Dialectics in Early Buddhism
Authors: Yadav Megha
Published: October 2022

Scholars have long debated the woman question in Buddhism, in terms of the social spaces and gendered attitudes revealed by texts and traditions. In the opinion of some, Buddhism in its essence does not discriminate between male and female forms. It is the cultural baggage of the practitioners that has led to discriminatory behaviour based on the body. But others have questioned this understanding as being too simplistic and essentializing. The discourse around gender has multiple layers and contexts corresponding to developments (both philosophical and sectarian) within Buddhism. This article attempts to look at the evolution of this discourse from Early Buddhism to the early stages of Mahāyāna Buddhism and, subsequently, within Mahāyā na Buddhism. To do so, this article utilizes Mahāratnakūṭa Sūtras, and Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras, juxtaposing them to analyse the evolution of the gender discourse in the philosophical world as well as in the narrative world. This study reveals that while Mahāyāna Buddhism philosophically stands upon the concept of Śūnyatā, that is, emptiness, which extends to include the illusory nature of the human body, the narrative literature carries reservations about the female body. Mahāratnakūṭa Sūtra employs a narrative device of ‘sex transformation’ as part of the show of the enlightened state of the female practitioner. Despite the claims made by all these practitioners about the emptiness of the body, all these stories end with female practitioners acquiring a male body and immediately receiving their Buddhahood. This study reveals a more complex picture of conversations and interactions between Early Buddhism and Mahāyāna Buddhism.
Decolonial Conversations in African Christianity: Developing a Public Theology for Kenya
Authors: Munyao Martin
Published: October 2022

Historians have held that colonialism and Western missionary enterprise were two distinct and unrelated entries to pre-colonial Kenya. How then did Christianity for decades live side by side with colonialism? The impact of that unholy relationship is felt and sustained in contemporary forms of violence. Whiteness realizes that is hard to enter into something that is in harmony. Therefore, separation needs to happen for Whiteness to succeed. Unfortunately, much of our theological understanding today is tempered with a neocolonial mindset that separates the soul from the body for Christian triumphalism. This paper will analyze the impact of Whiteness in Kenya during and after colonialism to demonstrate how the British explorer-settler-missionary alliance oiled the religious and economic disenfranchising of African people. Secondly, it proposes a political theology that will restore ‘Shalom’ in a socially, economically, and spiritually broken country.
Government at (Institutional) Work: The State and Market Dynamics
Authors: Wiebe Jeffrey , Mitchell Alexander I.
Published: October 2022

The state remains an undertheorized actor in studies of market change. Further, when the state's market-shaping activities are considered, they are generally characterized by notions of control over, or conflict with, market actors. In this project, we draw on theories of institutional change and management to develop and deploy an alternative perspective on state involvement in markets—one premised on collaboration. Using this conceptual framework, we examine how the state works to shape markets disrupted by ostensibly innovative entrants. Specifically, we examine the state's response to the market entry of transportation businesses Uber and Lyft, whose strategies of disregarding existing regulatory arrangements attempt to deliberately exclude the state from markets. Leveraging an institutional work perspective, we find the state engaging in four novel practices as it works to understand and shape market arrangements in conjunction with an array of interested market actors. We discuss the implications of this collaborative state behavior for studies of market change.