bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contour Extraction Based on Adaptive Thresholding in Sonar Images
Authors: Andreatos Antonios , Leros Apostolos
Published: August 2021

A common problem in underwater side-scan sonar images is the acoustic shadow generated by the beam. Apart from that, there are a number of reasons impairing image quality. In this paper, an innovative algorithm with two alternative histogram approximation methods is presented. Histogram approximation is based on automatically estimating the optimal threshold for converting the original gray scale images into binary images. The proposed algorithm clears the shadows and masks most of the impairments in side-scan sonar images. The idea is to select a proper threshold towards the rightmost local minimum of the histogram, i.e., closest to the white values. For this purpose, the histogram envelope is approximated by two alternative contour extraction methods: polynomial curve fitting and data smoothing. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm produces superior results than popular thresholding methods and common edge detection filters, even after corrosion expansion. The algorithm is simple, robust and adaptive and can be used in automatic target recognition, classification and storage in large-scale multimedia databases.
Numerical Evaluation for Roads Considering the Addition of Geogrids in Karst Geohazards Zones
Authors: Conrado-Palafox Alain Leonel , Equihua-Anguiano Luisa Nicte , Hernández-Hernández Victor Alfonso
Published: August 2021

Design of road infrastructure in karst terrain is a challenge for any geotechnical condition caused by the weathering of the subsoil. Previous investigations pointed out the efficiency of the roads with geogrids, however there are few studies analyzing road reinforced under karst geohazards. This paper presents a numerical study of the geogrid additions in a typical Mexican road and considering 19 cavities in the subsoil due to failures of the roads in these terrains. The rocks and the soil were simulated by Hoek–Brown and Mohr–Coulomb constitutive models, considering specific characteristics of karstic materials. Hence, it was carried out in different two-dimension finite element models to analyze the geogrid behavior and its benefits. First, the geogrid position was varied inside of the road structure and applying a heavy truck load in its surface and finally, underground cavities were sequentially opened in the numerical model. It was established the best combination of the road-geogrid structure construction and the influence when cavities are developed underground analyzing the stress paths in the medium. From this study, it is found, that when the geogrid layer is embedded between bedrock and subgrade, the failure is mitigated, observing an increase in the factor of safety even with 19 voids presence in the model. Concluding that the geogrid is an adequate solution of reinforcement of roads.
Ephemeroptera (Mayflies) Assemblages and Environmental Variation along Three Streams Located in the Dry-Hot Valleys of Baima Snow Mountain, Yunnan, Southwest China
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Li Xianfu , Tan Lu , Fornacca Davide , Li Yanpeng , Cili Nima , Tian Zhen , Yang Lu , Deng Xiaoling , Liu Shuoran , Xiao Wen
Published: August 2021

Mountain freshwater ecosystems are threatened all over the world by a range of human-induced stresses, ensuing in a rapid loss of habitats and species diversity. Many macroinvertebrates are reactive to habitat disturbance, and mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are amongst the most sensitive groups. Despite they are susceptible to environmental deviation, knowledge concerning their species richness and diversity is still unknown in remote areas. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the mayfly species assemblage and community composition along different mountain streams and assess potential differences, and (2) identify the environmental variation and its influence on the structure of mayfly communities within such freshwater systems. We collected biological and environmental data from 35 sites situated along elevation gradients in the Baima Snow Mountain, northwest Yunnan, China. Multivariate analyses were performed on the environmental variables and the mayfly species composition, as well as on richness and diversity indices. We found that the community composition of mayflies was different across all three watercourses. Among the 18 Ephemeroptera taxa identified, Baetis sp. and Baetiella marginata were highly dominant, accounting for over 50% of the dissimilarity of each stream. In terms of species assemblages, almost all sites in the Yeri stream hosted good-quality habitats for several mayfly species, as reflected by the highest species richness. The Benzilan stream followed, whereas the Sharong stream showed relatively low mayfly assemblage. This variation was explained by the high environmental heterogeneity between the three watercourses. In particular, the RDA model revealed that among the different environmental factors analyzed, altitude, conductivity, total dissolved solids, water temperature, dissolved silicon, and pH explained most of the variation in species composition. Moreover, the altitude alone explained 17.74% of the variation, and in-depth analysis confirmed its significant effect on diversity indices. Further research should focus on evaluating the scale of threats to this important group of insects in the mountain freshwater ecosystem, particularly the impact of human-induced disturbances such as land use/landcover alterations.
Efficacy of Lipid-Lowering Therapy during Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Wittlinger Thomas , Schwaab Bernhard , Völler Heinz , Bongarth Christa , Heinze Viktoria , Eckrich Kristina , Guha Manju , Richter Michael , Schlitt Axel
Published: August 2021

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) increases adherence to a healthy lifestyle and to secondary preventive medication. A notable example of such medication is lipid-lowering therapy (LLT). LLT during CR improves quality of life and prognosis, and thus is particularly relevant for patients with diabetes mellitus, which is a major risk factor for CHD. Design: A prospective, multicenter registry study with patients from six rehabilitation centers in Germany. Methods: During CR, 1100 patients with a minimum age of 18 years and CHD documented by coronary angiography were included in a LLT registry. Results: In 369 patients (33.9%), diabetes mellitus was diagnosed. Diabetic patients were older (65.5 ± 9.0 vs. 62.2 ± 10.9 years, p < 0.001) than nondiabetic patients and were more likely to be obese (BMI: 30.2 ± 5.2 kg/m2 vs. 27.8 ± 4.2 kg/m2, p < 0.001). Analysis indicated that diabetic patients were more likely to show LDL cholesterol levels below 55 mg/dL than patients without diabetes at the start of CR (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.9; 95% CI 1.3 to 2.9) until 3 months of follow-up (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.9). During 12 months of follow-up, overall and LDL cholesterol levels decreased within the first 3 months and remained at the lower level thereafter (p < 0.001), irrespective of prevalent diabetes. At the end of the follow-up period, LDL cholesterol did not differ significantly between patients with or without diabetes mellitus (p = 0.413). Conclusion: Within 3 months after CR, total and LDL cholesterol were significantly reduced, irrespective of prevalent diabetes mellitus. In addition, CHD patients with diabetes responded faster to LTT than nondiabetic patients, suggesting that diabetic patients benefit more from LLT treatment during CR.
Disturbed Glucose Metabolism and Left Ventricular Geometry in the General Population
Authors: Schmitt Volker H. , Billaudelle Anna-Maria , Schulz Andreas , Keller Karsten , Hahad Omar , Tröbs Sven-Oliver , Koeck Thomas , Michal Matthias , Schuster Alexander K. , Toenges Gerrit , Lackner Karl J. , Prochaska Jürgen H. , Münzel Thomas , Wild Philipp S.
Published: August 2021

Background: This study sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcome of left ventricular (LV) geometry in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the impact of glucose metabolism on the incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: 15,010 subjects (35–74 years) of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study were categorized into euglycemia, prediabetes, and T2DM according to clinical and metabolic (HbA1c) information. Clinical outcome was assessed via structured follow-up. Results: The study comprised 12,121 individuals with euglycemia (81.6%), 1415 with prediabetes (9.5%), and 1316 with T2DM (8.9%). Prevalence of LVH increased from euglycemia (10.2%) over prediabetes (17.8%) to T2DM (23.8%). Prediabetes and T2DM were associated with increased LV mass index (prediabetes: β1.3 (95% CI 0.78–1.81), p < 0.0001; T2DM: β2.37 (95% CI 1.81; 2.92), p < 0.0001) independent of age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). The frequency of LVH was related to the presence of T2DM (prevalence ratio (PR)T2DM 1.2 (95% CI 1.06–1.35), p = 0.0038). T2DM was related to mortality independent of age, sex, and CVRF regardless of LVH (hazard ratio (HR)T2DM-LVH 2.67 (95% CI 1.94–3.66), p < 0.0001; HRT2DM-noLVH 1.59 (95% CI 1.29–1.96), p < 0.0001), prediabetes was only associated with outcome in individuals with LVH independent of age and sex (HRprediabetes-LVH 1.51 (95% CI 1.01–2.25), p = 0.045). Neither T2DM nor prediabetes were predictors of incident LVH after adjustment for clinical covariates. Conclusions: Prediabetes and T2DM promote alterations of cardiac geometry. T2DM and particularly the coprevalence of T2DM with LVH substantially reduce life expectancy. These findings highlight the need for new therapeutic and screening approaches to prevent and detect cardiometabolic diseases at an early stage.
Analysis of Clinicopathological Factors Influencing Survival in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Venous Tumor Thrombus
Authors: Zapała Łukasz , Sharma Sumit , Kunc Michał , Zapała Piotr , Kłącz Jakub , Korczyński Piotr , Lipowski Michał , Późniak Michał , Suchojad Tomasz , Drewa Tomasz , Matuszewski Marcin , Radziszewski Piotr
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to define patients with renal cell cancer and coexisting tumor thrombus in order to address concerns regarding survival and prognostic factors after radical surgery. Several prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) were assessed in patients treated surgically at five institutions from 2012 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors of OS. A total of 142 patients were eligible for further analysis (mean age of 64.75 years, 56% males). Most patients presented with clear cell carcinoma (95%). The Mayo stage was predominantly 0–1 (88%). Distant visceral metastases at the time of diagnosis were present in 36 patients (25%), whereas nodal metastases were present in 24 patients (16.9%). During the follow-up period (mean of 32.5 months), the 3-year OS rate reached 68.2%. The majority of patients received no adjuvant treatment (n = 107). In a multivariable model predicting OS, regional lymph node status (p < 0.001), distant metastases (p = 0.009), tumor grade (p = 0.002), duration of hospitalization (p = 0.016), and Clavien–Dindo grade (p = 0.047) were identified as independent prognostic factors. A subgroup of patients with specific clinicopathological factors may benefit most from the radical surgery, including patients without regional lymph node or distant metastases and with low tumor grades, whereas short hospitalization and low Clavien–Dindo grades represent additional independent prognostic factors.
Relationship between Medium-Term Changes in Intraocular Lens Position and Refraction after Cataract Surgery with Two Different Models of Monofocal Lenses
Authors: Fukumitsu Hideki , Camps Vicent J. , Miraflores Sara , Piñero David P.
Published: August 2021

The aim of this prospective descriptive study was to characterize the variations of the clinical effective lens position (ELP) (considering paraxial optics and postoperative data) and the intraocular lens (IOL) position, using “eye” data gathered from a 6-month follow-up of patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery. Patients were implanted with two different monofocal IOLs: AcrySof IQ SN60WF (Alcon) (Group 1, 247 eyes) and Akreos MI60L (Bausch & Lomb) (Group 2, 104 eyes). No significant differences were found between groups concerning spherical equivalent (SE), axial length, and clinical ELP changes, from 1 to 6 months after surgery (p ≥ 0.516). A more positive change in postoperative anterior chamber depth was found in Group 2, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.065). No significant moderate to strong correlations were found between the changes in clinical ELP and preoperative data. The correlation between the changes in SE and clinical ELP over time was strong and statistically significant (groups 1 and 2: r = 0.957 and r = 0.993, p < 0.001). In conclusion, changes in refraction from 1 to 6 months after cataract surgery, with single-piece monofocal IOLs, are not clinically relevant, which correlates with the presence of good positional stability. These changes cannot be predicted preoperatively and considered in IOL power calculations.
Molecular Diagnosis of Pompe Disease in the Genomic Era: Correlation with Acid Alpha-Glucosidase Activity in Dried Blood Spots
Authors: Thuriot Fanny , Gravel Elaine , Hodson Katherine , Ganopolsky Jorge , Rakic Bojana , Waters Paula J. , Gravel Serge , Lévesque Sébastien
Published: August 2021

Measurement of alpha-glucosidase activity on dried blood spots has been the main method to screen for Pompe disease, but a paradigm shift has been observed in recent years with the incorporation of gene panels and exome sequencing in molecular diagnostic laboratories. An 89-gene panel has been available to Canadian physicians since 2017 and was analyzed in 2030 patients with a suspected muscle disease. Acid alpha-glucosidase activity was measured in parallel in dried blood spots from 1430 patients. Pompe disease was diagnosed in 14 patients, representing 0.69% of our cohort. In 7 other patients, low enzyme activities overlapping those of Pompe disease cases were attributable to the presence of pseudodeficiency alleles. Only two other patients had enzymatic activity in the Pompe disease range, and a single heterozygous pathogenic variant was identified. It is possible that a second variant could have been missed; we suggest that RNA analysis should be considered in such cases. With gene panel testing increasingly being performed as a first-tier analysis of patients with suspected muscle disorders, our study supports the relevance of performing reflex enzymatic activity assay in selected patients, such as those with a single GAA variant identified and those in whom the observed genotype is of uncertain clinical significance.
Acute Kidney Injury in Monoclonal Gammopathies
Authors: Menè Paolo , Moioli Alessandra , Stoppacciaro Antonella , Lai Silvia , Festuccia Francescaromana
Published: August 2021

Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) encompass a variety of disorders related to clonal expansion and/or malignant transformation of B lymphocytes. Deposition of free immunoglobulin (Ig) components (light or heavy chains, LC/HC) within the kidney during MG may result over time in multiple types and degrees of injury, including acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is generally a consequence of tubular obstruction by luminal aggregates of LC, a pattern known as “cast nephropathy”. Monoclonal Ig LC can also be found as intracellular crystals in glomerular podocytes or proximal tubular cells. Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal Ig deposits is another, less frequent form of kidney injury with a sizable impact on renal function. Hypercalcemia (in turn related to bone reabsorption triggered by proliferating plasmacytoid B cells) may lead to AKI via functional mechanisms. Pharmacologic treatment of MG may also result in additional renal injury due to local toxicity or the tumor lysis syndrome. The present review focuses on AKI complicating MG, evaluating predictors, risk factors, mechanisms of damage, prognosis, and options for treatment.
Gut Microbiota Composition and Its Metabolites in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Chen Tso-Hsiao , Liu Chao-Wei , Ho Yi-Hsien , Huang Chun-Kai , Hung Ching-Sheng , Smith Barry H. , Lin Jung-Chun
Published: August 2021

A growing body of study have documented the association of gut dysbiosis or fecal metabolites with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is not clear whether the phenomenon simply reflects the microenvironment changes correlated with the CKD severity or contributes to the progression of CKD. In this study, we identified the gut microbiota and metabolite in feces samples correlated with CKD severity using the Nanopore long-read sequencing platform and UPLC-coupled MS/MS approach. A cross-sectional cohort study was performed from 1 June 2020 to 31 December 2020. One hundred and fifty-six clinical participants, including 60 healthy enrollees and 96 Stage 1–5 CKD patients, were enrolled in this study. The ROC curve generated with the relative abundance of Klebsiella pneumonia or S-Adenosylhomocysteine showed a gradual increase with the CKD severity. Our results further revealed the positive correlation of increased K. pneumonia and S-Adenosylhomocysteine in gut environment, which may be of etiological importance to the deterioration of a CKD patient. In that sense, the microbiota or metabolite changes constitute potential candidates for evaluating the progression of CKD.
ACE2, the Counter-Regulatory Renin–Angiotensin System Axis and COVID-19 Severity
Authors: Triposkiadis Filippos , Xanthopoulos Andrew , Giamouzis Grigorios , Boudoulas Konstantinos Dean , Starling Randall C. , Skoularigis John , Boudoulas Harisios , Iliodromitis Efstathios
Published: August 2021

Angiotensin (ANG)-converting enzyme (ACE2) is an entry receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ACE2 also contributes to a deviation of the lung renin–angiotensin system (RAS) towards its counter-regulatory axis, thus transforming harmful ANG II to protective ANG (1–7). Based on this purported ACE2 double function, it has been put forward that the benefit from ACE2 upregulation with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) counterbalances COVID-19 risks due to counter-regulatory RAS axis amplification. In this manuscript we discuss the relationship between ACE2 expression and function in the lungs and other organs and COVID-19 severity. Recent data suggested that the involvement of ACE2 in the lung counter-regulatory RAS axis is limited. In this setting, an augmentation of ACE2 expression and/or a dissociation of ACE2 from the ANG (1–7)/Mas pathways that leaves unopposed the ACE2 function, the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, predisposes to more severe disease and it appears to often occur in the relevant risk factors. Further, the effect of RAASi on ACE2 expression and on COVID-19 severity and the overall clinical implications are discussed.
An Efficient Thermal Cure Profile for Thick Parts Made by Reactive Processing of Acrylic Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Palmieri Barbara , Petriccione Angelo , De Tommaso Giuseppe , Giordano Michele , Martone Alfonso
Published: August 2021

The process of curing of large thick composite parts needs attention regarding the formation of residual stresses. Similarly, novel reactive thermoplastics need investigating to produce an efficient thermal cure profile that decreases the risk of warpage and residual stress. In this work, the polymerization kinetics of the Elium resin system is investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests, the analysis of thermo-grams, and the parameters of Kamal and Sourour’s semi-empirical model. A numerical model based on finite elements was set up to reproduce the temperature fields during part consolidation. Several processing conditions were investigated (dwell temperature, environment, heat exchange) in order to predict the thermal gradient within the part. The optimal cure profile was identified as a function of process parameters with the aim of minimizing the thermal gradient within the composite element. The analysis revealed that, for the reactive thermoplastic Elium, the consolidation in facilities with high thermal exchange may increase the risk of residual stresses within the parts, erasing the advantage of short cure cycles.
Hypothesis: Neuroglia Activation Due to Increased Peripheral and CNS Proinflammatory Cytokines/Chemokines with Neuroinflammation May Result in Long COVID
Authors: Hayden Melvin R.
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has paralleled the great Spanish flu pandemic of 1918–1919 in the United States. Previous historical accounts have strongly suggested a post-viral syndrome and, currently, a post-COVID-19 viral syndrome is unquestionable, which shares many of the characteristics of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome that is present globally. The original term for this post-acute sequela of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) was termed long haulers by those who were affected with this syndrome and it is now termed long COVID (LC) or PASC. International researchers and clinicians are desperately trying to better understand the pathobiological mechanisms possibly involved in this syndrome. This review aims to summarize many of the cumulated findings associated with LC/PASC and provides supportive and representative illustrations and transmission electron micrographic remodeling changes within brain tissues associated with a stress type of injury as occurs in the classic db/db and novel BTBR ob/ob obesity and diabetes mellitus mice models. These models are utilized to merely provide a response to metabolic stress injury wound healing mechanisms that are also present in humans. This review posits that neuroglial activation and chronic neuroinflammation may be a common denominator for the development of the complex LC/PASC syndrome following acute COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2.
ОЦЕНКА СОРТОВ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ПО ПРИЗНАКУ «МАССОВАЯ ДОЛЯ БЕЛКА В ЗЕРНЕ»
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, Kosenko S.V.
Published: August 2021

Penza region is characterized by a diversity of natural and climatic zones and considerable variability of meteorological factors over the years. Therefore, the creation of high-yielding winter soft wheat varieties with high protein content in grain is one of the most significant challenges in this crop breeding. The purposes of this research are twofold: assess the ability of winter wheat varieties to form high-protein grain in various environmental conditions and isolate a valuable source material for breeding. The research objective is to evaluate winter wheat varieties by such indicator as “mass fraction of protein in grain”. The research was carried out from 2008 to 2017 in a forest-steppe zone of the Penza region. The soils of the experimental field – medium-humus medium-thick leached chernozem with the 35–40 cm depth of the plowing horizon. Ninety varieties of winter wheat from the world collection were the material for the research. The forecrop is black fallow. Square of experimental fields is 3 m2, triple replication. Seeding rate – 5.5 million germinating grains/ha. Standard – winter soft wheat variety ‘Fotinya’. Mass fraction of protein in grain in early ripening and mid-early varieties of winter wheat significantly differed from those of the mid-maturing group. Winter wheat varieties from the mid-ripening group were distinguished by a high protein content (on average 15.5 %), high yield (on average 3.8 t/ha), high yield of protein per hectare (on average 0.59 t/ha). According to the level of stress resistance, varieties ‘Fotinya’ and ‘Moskovskaya 39’ stood out (0.7 and 0.6, respectively). The following varieties are characterized by high genetic flexibility (15.3–16.2): ‘Fotinya’ (Penza region), ‘Moskovskaya 39’ (Moscow region), ‘Bezenchukskaya 380’ (Samara region), ‘Badulinka’ (Volgograd region), ‘Ershovskaya 25’ (Saratov region), ‘Zimorodok’, ‘Pobeda 50’ (Krasnodar Territory), ‘Zernogradka 8’, ‘Konkurent’ (Rostov Region). All the aforementioned varieties have less variability of a characteristic over the years (coefficient of variation – 3.2–9.7 %) and are recommended for use as a starting material for creating new forms.
Embryo culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)
Authors:   Ufa Institute of biology – subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kruglova N.N. , Seldimirova O.A. ,   Ufa Institute of biology – subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zinatullina A.E. ,   Ufa Institute of biology – subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

Drought is an unfavorable combination of meteorological conditions when plants experience a long-term water deficiency both in the air and soil. This is one of the most common abiotic stressors, which leads not only to significant crop losses but also rises threat to food security. Researchers are actively developing ways to breed drought-tolerant cultivars of economically valuable crops, especially cereals – the main food resource. One of the promising areas of biotechnological evaluation of the resistance of existing and newly created cereal genotypes to drought for breeding purposes is the use of culture in vitro. In this case, embryos at the particular stage of development are used as explants (so-called embryo culture in vitro). The review aims to analyze the literature and own data on the production of cereal regenerants in embryo culture in vitro under selective experimental conditions of imitation of physiological drought. It has been shown that in vitro cultivation of immature embryos at a critical stage of relative autonomy is especially promising. This kind of embryo does not depend on the physiological factors of the maternal organism and can autonomously give rise to the fully developed plant under adequate conditions in vitro and later ex vitro. This allows the biotechnologist to obtain regenerants directly, excluding an additional time-consuming stage of the formation of morphogenic calli in vitro. As follows, the time required for expensive experiments is also reduced. Data on the identification of the critical stage of the relative autonomy of the cereal embryogenesis are presented. Criterion (proposed by the authors) for identifying this stage by the ability of the embryos to complete embryogenesis and form the seedlings on a hormone-free medium in vitro and give rise to the full developed regenerants ex vitro has been analyzed. Furthermore, the analysis of the laboratory germination of the obtained caryopses was carried out. It was discovered that in spring soft wheat, for example, such stage, corresponding to the formation of all organs in the embryo, occurs 15 days after pollination. The issues of using relatively autonomous embryos in the biotechnological assessment of the genotype drought resistance under selective conditions in vitro are considered.
Analysis of the collection samples of Coriandrum sativum L. by valuable breeding indicators
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Nevkrytaya N.V. , Krivda S.I. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Babanina S.S. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Ametova E.D. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Novikov I.A. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Krivchik N.S. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Pashtetskiy V.S. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: August 2021

Coriander is a valuable, highly profitable essential oil crop. Therefore, the development of new highly productive varieties is the main direction of breeding. The aim of the research was to study the collection of Coriandrum sativum L. (owner – Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea) by a complex of valuable traits to identify promising samples for breeding purposes. In 2017–2019, under the conditions of the Crimean Foothills (village of Krymskaya Roza, Belogorsky district), we analyzed 164 samples from 30 regions of the world. The territory of the experimental plots belongs to the upper foothill, warm, insufficiently humid agro-climatic region. To compare the parameters, we included five coriander varieties in our study. They were created in the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea (‘Yantar’, ‘Ranniy’, ‘Nektar’, ‘Medun’ and ‘Silach’) and registered in the “State Register of Breeding Achievements Permitted for Use” of the Russian Federation. The work was guided by the methodological recommendations on essential oil crops breeding. Plot area – 0.6 m2, double replication. The analysis revealed high variability of the collection samples in terms of the main indicators of productivity: fruit yield (Cv = 37.2 %), content of essential oil (Cv = 51.3 %), yield of essential oil per unit area (Cv = 60.0 %). Optimal weather conditions for the accumulation of essential oil with a high content of linalool (the main component) are relatively low air humidity and increased temperature regime during flowering and fruit ripening. The following samples were identified as sources of valuable traits: vr. 341, vr. 757, vr. 756, vr. 387, VIR 415 with a mass fraction of essential oil in fruits at the level of 2.81–3.62 %; VIR 258, vr. 233, VIR 144, VIR 165, VIR 246, vr. 705 with a fruit yield that reached 52.0–73.9 g per plot. Five samples – VIR 348, VIR 421, VIR 180, VIR 431 and vr. 521 – provided a high amount of essential oil (0.90–1.23 g per plot) because of the combination of the increased yield and essential oil mass fraction.
Evaluation of triticale variety samples by crop structure elements
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Sokolenko N.I. , Komarov N.M. ,   North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre
Published: August 2021

Breeding improvement of triticale requires the search for genetic sources for hybridization. Our research aims at identifying high-yielding genotypes of winter triticale and determining the influence of structural elements on this indicator to optimizing selection during the breeding process. In 2014–2018, fifty variety samples of triticale were studied in the North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre. Soil – ordinary chernozem, medium loamy, medium-thick, low-humus. Black fallow preceded all × Triticosecale Wittmack samples. The experiment was laid having only one replication. The area of the plot was 1 m2. Triticale variety ‘Valentin 90’ served as a standard. We identified 25 medium-yielding and 25 high-yielding varieties. Grain yield in the first group was lower than in the second one and amounted to 784 ± 191 g/m2 and 1024 ± 202 g/m2, respectively. High-yielding samples exceeded the average-yielding ones in the number of spikelets (32.0 ± 2.17 and 31.2 ± 2.18 pieces), grains per ear (69.1 ± 13.0 and 64.5 ± 10.6 pieces) and weight of grain per ear (3.26 ± 0.61 and 3.00 ± 0.61 g). The yield and weight of grain per ear vary significantly (Cv > 20 %). Ear size, number of grains in the ear and spikelet, 1000 grain weight and triticale ear density do not vary much (Cv > 10 %). The most stable trait is the number of spikelets per ear (Cv < 10 %). A weak positive correlation was observed between the yield and number of grains per spikelet (r = 0.18 ± 0.06), yield and ear (r = 0.22 ± 0.06), as well as yield and weight of grain per ear (r = 0.29 ± 0.06). In the group of high-yielding variety samples, there was a reliable weak negative correlation between the yield and number of spikelets per ear (r = −0.32 ± 0.08), between the yield and ear density (r = −0.24 ± 0.09). Grain yield of more than 1.000 g/m2 had the following variety samples – ‘Ugo’, ‘RAH 121/04’, ‘Kitaro’, ‘Tewo’, ‘Ratne’, ‘Slavetne’, ‘Adas’, ‘Dar Belorussii’, ‘Dinamo’, ‘Dinaro’, ‘Liniya 71’, ‘Lamberto’, ‘PRAG 203/1’, ‘Nemchinovsky 1’ and ‘Valentin 90’ (standard).
Soil-hydrophysical information support of precise irrigation farming
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Terleev V.V. ,   Agrophysical Research Institute, Dunaieva Ie. A. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Ginevsky R.S. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Lazarev V.A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Topaj A.G. ,   LLC «Bureau Hyperborea»
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the study is determined by the demand for a physically adequate mathematical description of the interactions of water in the soil to develop a model of soil moisture dynamics as the intellectual core of resource-saving technologies for precise irrigation farming. The aim of the work is theoretical substantiation and mathematical formulation of the hydrophysical functions of the soil, taking into account hysteresis. A description of three systems of soil hydrophysical functions is given. To verify and compare the systems, computational experiments were carried out using both the package of original software and “3305 Ida silt loam (> 15 cm)” soil data from the authoritative literary source – the Mualem catalogue. The parameters of the functions were identified by the method of point approximation of the experimental data on the main branches of the hysteretic water-retention capacity. Using these parameters, we calculated (i) predictive estimates for the values of the function of relative hydraulic conductivity; (ii) scanning branches of the hysteretic water-retention capacity; (iii) precise irrigation rate. The hysteresis phenomenon is not typical for the hydraulic conductivity as a function of the volumetric water content in the soil. The original functions of System 3 are recommended for use. The advantages of the proposed method for calculating the precise irrigation rate are shown. The benefit of each system is that the functions forming this system, namely the water-retention capacity and the relative hydraulic conductivity of the soil, have a common set of parameters. For the type of soil considered, in case of using the identical value of pre-irrigation soil moisture (179 [cm3 · cm-3]), both for calculating the precision irrigation rate and according to the “traditional” method, when moistening 50 cm soil layer, the total unproductive water consumption at irrigation rate 555 [m3 · ha-1] can reach 0.029 [cm3 · cm-3] or 140 [m3 · ha-1] in the calculated layer. At the same time, when applying precision standards, an excess of free moisture is not formed. It shows additional opportunities not only to save water during irrigation, especially in arid regions, but also to reduce the leaching of nutrients and agrochemicals outside the calculated soil layer and, accordingly, to reduce the additional environmental load on the surrounding area.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, LEADERSHIP STYLE, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, WORK DISCIPLINE, AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION PBEC EYE HOSPITAL
Authors: Taufiq Agus , Isyandi Isyandi , Maulida Yusni
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational culture, leadership style, knowledge management, work discipline, and work environment on job satisfaction of employees of Pekanbaru Eye Center Eye Center. The data of this study consisted of primary and secondary data, which were taken through a questionnaire to 81 employees of the Pekanbaru Eye Center Eye Center with a sample census. The variables used are organizational culture, leadership style, knowledge management, work discipline and work environment as independent variables and job satisfaction as the dependent variable. The data obtained were processed using SmartPLS.

The results of this study indicate that organizational culture, leadership style and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. Knowledge management has a negative effect on employee job satisfaction, and work discipline does not have a significant effect on employee job satisfaction.
EFFECT OF MARKETING MIX ON TOURIST SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN TOURIST AREA OF BONO TELUK MERANTI PELALAWAN REGENCY
Authors: Febrina Lismawati Kerta , Kartikowati Sri , Jahrizal Jahrizal
Published: August 2021

The study was conducted in the Bono Bay Area of ​​Meranti Bay, Pelalawan Regency. The aim is to find out the direct effect of the Marketing Mix on Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty. This study took a sample of 145 people. The variables used are the dimensions of Marketing Mix, Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty. Data were analyzed using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis which is operated through the SmartPLS 3.2.8 program

The results showed that partially there was an effect of Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, Psychical evidence on Tourist Satisfaction. and there is the influence of tourist satisfaction on tourist loyalty. The higher the satisfaction that is owned by consumers, the loyalty of tourists is increasing.
THE EFFECT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC RECOVERY PROGRAM ON MSME PRODUCTIVITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Fadhli Khotim , Rohmah Zuni Miftakhur
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of the national economic recovery program (PEN) in Indonesia in an effort to increase productivity for MSME actors due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The economic sector, which has also been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, has resulted in many MSMEs experiencing a decline in turnover, even going bankrupt. So the government makes programs through the national economic recovery policy (PEN) to overcome the problems faced by MSMEs. This research is a quantitative research, with the population in the study are all MSMEs in the Gudo Manik-Manik Center, Jombang Regency, which then determined a sample of 73 respondents using the slovin formula. The sampling technique used was probability sampling with the random sampling method, because taking all the population, namely MSME Gudo Manik-Manik Center, had the same opportunity to become respondents. Data was taken using a questionnaire. The research analysis used is multiple linear regression using SPSS 26. The results of the study state that, the tax incentive which is an economic recovery program (PEN) has no effect on the productivity of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Manik-Manik Gudo Jombang Center. Meanwhile, loan restructuring, which is an economic recovery program (PEN) has a significant impact on MSME productivity during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Gudo Manik-Manik Center. Simultaneously, tax incentives and loan restructuring, which are part of the economic recovery program (PEN) have a significant influence on the productivity of MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Gudo Manik-Manik Center, Jombang.
O custo da participação: lazer e trabalho gratuito (de fãs) na cultura da conectividade
Authors: Macedo Tarcízio
Published: August 2021

Este artigo endereça uma discussão acerca das armadilhas na cultura da convergência e da participação, com destaque ao debate sobre os movimentos de apropriação lucrativa do tempo de lazer de fãs (e a retenção de sua atenção) para a conversão de atividades online prazerosas em forças de trabalho gratuito. Tomando o contexto das culturas participativas na cultura da conectividade e do capitalismo tardio, cognitivo e de plataforma, seu intuito é se debruçar tanto na dinâmica comunicacional sob a retórica da participação, quanto defender que essas formas de participar podem ser vistas como atividades laborais informais, convertidas em modalidades de trabalho gratuito e precarizado encoberto como entretenimento e lazer. A partir de uma aproximação com a economia política, este trabalho busca entender o custo (às custas) da participação, enquanto retórica deslocada do imaginário do movimento contracultural para favorecer o projeto neoliberal. O resultado desse esforço aponta para a existência de uma sociodinâmica das culturas participativas. A procura por uma compreensão desse fenômeno revela formas e práticas de participação na internet, além de revelar a estrutura e arquitetura de exploração de uma rede de atividades laborais nas culturas participativas. Essa proposta oferece uma maneira de decupar elementos, práticas e atores que atuam na tessitura desse social.
A ressignificação do estigma como um ato de resistência no movimento de mães contra a violência policial
Authors: Pinheiro de Araujo Etyelle
Published: August 2021

Tendo em vista o cenário de violência policial crescente nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro, a cor dessas vítimas, a circunstância dessas mortes e a forma como as mães dessas vítimas lutam por justiça, os objetivos deste artigo são: i) compreender qual o papel do estigma no engajamento dessas mães em movimentos sociais; ii) observar como essas mulheres ressignificam o estigma que acompanha a morte de seus filhos e, por extensão, a favela e seus moradores. Os dados foram gerados em protestos públicos. A análise partiu da noção de estigma (GOFFMAN, [1963] 2004) e da Análise de Narrativa (BASTOS e BIAR, 2015) e sugere que as mães ressignificam o estigma que atravessa suas vidas, a luta por justiça e os eventos que compõem a morte de seus filhos, conectando-os ao contexto mais amplo de racismo sistêmico, que retroalimenta a violência policial. Esse processo de ressignificação do estigma de ser negro e morador de favela transforma a narrativa dessas mulheres em narrativas de resistência ao racismo.
A contemporaneidade de Goffman em tempos de redes sociais: reações a uma denúncia de racismo corporativo
Authors: De Mello Cleide Maria
Published: August 2021

A partir de uma postagem-denúncia do empresário Theo Van der Loo sobre racismo em uma rede social e de um curso sobre o legado de Goffman aos estudos da interação social, este artigo tem os objetivos de analisar se os comentários dos internautas se assemelham às interações presenciais e em que medida a teoria de Goffman, originalmente baseada em comunicação face-to-face, pode respaldar também essas comunicações por meios digitais. Com o aporte teórico das obras de Goffman (1974, 1975, 1981, 2011) além de Gastaldo (2008) e Biar (2020) sobre comunicação mediada por computador, percebemos que o legado de Goffman segue válido em tempos de redes sociais e dá suporte ao legado do empresário Van der Loo de maior diversidade nas empresas.
Footing, estrutura de participação e formato de produção no espaço on-line: um estudo da interação no Facebook
Authors: Rios Barreto Filho Ricardo , Saito Monteiro de Barros Kazue
Published: August 2021

Este artigo pretende investigar a interação on-line (re)discutindo os conceitos de footing, estrutura de participação e formato de produção do sociólogo canadense Goffman (1981). Assim, propomos uma análise exploratória de posts publicados no Facebook a fim de identificar características das interações on-line e demonstrar como elas reconfiguram as noções de ouvinte, falante e interação. Os resultados das análises demonstram que os affordances - as percepções de possibilidades de uso - de sites de redes sociais provocam readequações nos conceitos de falante e ouvinte para pensar a linguagem on-line, sobretudo devido ao enfraquecimento da noção de participantes não ratificados, perante à realidade das mídias sociais da internet.
Goffman e a interação social nonsense em trechos de através do Espelho e o que Alice encontrou lá, de Lewis Carroll
Authors: Assad Alvares Claudia
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo verificar a produtividade dos conceitos de footing e fabricações (Goffman, 1974; 1981) na literatura nonsense. Para realizar esse objetivo, linguisticamente, foram escolhidos dois diálogos extraídos dos livros de Alice, de L. Carroll (1980). Delineado o objetivo, os seguintes procedimentos foram adotados: exposição de alguns tópicos da  teoria de Goffman (1974; 1981), enriquecida com as contribuições de teóricos como Bateson (1972), Tannen e Wallat (1987) e Quental (1991; 1994), entre outros, bem como uma  análise linguística dos diálogos. Nesse contexto, as molduras, associadas aos limites que nos ancoram no real, se rompem e dão lugar ao sonho de Alice: um mundo sem enquadres, marcado por paradoxos e incertezas.
Goffman e a ritualização do infinitamente pequeno: observando o sutil na sustentação do discurso hegemônico em interações de um curso de marcenaria para mulheres
Authors: Venosa Barbara , Cabral Bastos Liliana
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho almeja evidenciar as manifestações sutis do discurso dominante em um curso de marcenaria para mulheres, no qual um professor interage com dez alunas mulheres. Com base em reflexões de Goffman sobre situação social, relato de histórias e interação e gênero (Goffman, 2002, 1974/2012, 1976), examinaremos as relações entre participantes do curso quando do relato do professor sobre sua experiência de vida em um ano em uma aldeia indígena.

Tal análise parte de uma perspectiva da Linguística Aplicada Crítica (Moita Lopes, 2016), em articulação com a análise de narrativas (Bastos e Biar, 2015; Biar, 2017; Linde, 1993) e com considerações etnográficas (Garcez e Loder, 2014; Coelho, 2016,). Observaremos a construção do senso de alteridade e de autoridade etnográfica do professor, considerando a sua performance entrelaçada a relações de poder e gênero.
Perspectiva dramatúrgica, gerenciamento de impressões e categorização de pertencimento: uma interseção entre Goffman e Sacks
Authors: Nogueira Mayara , Perobelli Oliveira Roberto , Santos Lamas Couto Carina
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho visa analisar como se desenvolve a categoria “especialista” na interação por meio da representação do self de uma pesquisadora da iniciação científica júnior ao apresentar os resultados de sua pesquisa. Para tanto, recorremos a uma interseção entre os estudos de Goffman, em especial sobre as perspectivas dramatúrgicas e o gerenciamento das impressões, e o aparato teórico da Análise da Conversa de base Etnometodológica, concentrando-nos nos conceitos de Sacks sobre a categorização de pertencimento. Concluiu-se que, nessa interação, a categorização de “especialista” é resultado de uma construção conjunta entre os participantes, reforçada, pelos procedimentos adotados, tanto pela pesquisadora quanto por sua audiência.
Posturoterapia Neurossensorial e Acidente Vascular Cerebral: estudo preliminar
Authors: Simão Bianchi Giovana , Campos Junior Vagner Pires de , Sczepanski Felipe , Brunnquell Sczepanski Cláudia Roberta
Published: August 2021

Objetivo. Comparar o efeito da técnica de Posturoterapia Neurossensorial (PNS) na função pulmonar e qualidade de vida de indivíduos com Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). Método. Participaram do estudo 14 indivíduos com AVC, de ambos os sexos, idade de 72,14±13,55 anos e escore do mini mental de 22,29±6,83. Foram submetidos à avaliação da força muscular respiratória, pico de fluxo expiratório, mobilidade torácica, comprometimento de tronco e qualidade de vida, e, após quatro semanas de intervenção com a técnica de PNS, foram reavaliados. Para a comparação utilizou-se o teste t pareado (p<0,05). Resultados. Observou-se, após a intervenção, aumento da pressão expiratória máxima (41,42±12,77 para 48,93±11,63) cmH2O, pico de fluxo (256,8±96,63 para 290,7±90,17) l/min, qualidade de vida (81,30±21,36 para 90,07±27,53) e diminuição do comprometimento de tronco (16,07±2,165 para 16,64±2,274). Conclusão. Os achados deste estudo sugerem que as técnicas de PNS se mostraram eficazes na melhora da função pulmonar, controle de tronco e qualidade de vida de indivíduos acometidos por AVC.
Multiple Sklerose bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – Neue Therapien und wichtige Differentialdiagnosen
Authors: Bigi Sandra , Hackenberg Annette
Published: August 2021

Kindes- und Jugendalters. Pathophysiologisch kommt es durch eine Störung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke zu einer Invasion inflammatorischer Zellen und Zytokine, die zu lokalen Entzündungsherden, Myelinödem und Myelinalteration führen.