bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Persistency of the India–Pakistan Conflict: Chances and Obstacles of the Bilateral Composite Dialogue
Authors: Wojczewski Thorsten
Published: December 2014

This article investigates the underlying causes for the persistency of the India–Pakistan conflict and, on this basis, the chances and obstacles of the bilateral composite dialogue initiated in 2004. In particular, it wants to provide a theoretically grounded account of the factors that facilitated and constrained the bilateral composite dialogue process. Drawing on the regional security complex theory, this article examines the rivalry between the two South Asian nuclear powers on four levels of analysis: the domestic, the regional, the interregional and the global level. The analysis shows that there have been some substantial changes on all four levels in the recent decade or so and that these changes have provided more beneficial conditions for a peace process. These changes include, inter alia, India’s new regional policy, the consequences of the 9/11 terrorist attacks for the region and India’s growing power capacities. However, major obstacles to the India–Pakistan dialogue and a permanent conflict resolution continue to persist: the dominant role of the military in Pakistan, conflicting national identities and the still partially contested nature of statehood in India and Pakistan, which is in the case of Pakistan linked to the growing power of Islamic fundamentalists.
Site specific control of crystallographic grain orientation through electron beam additive manufacturing
Authors: Dehoff R. R. , Kirka M. M. , Sames W. J. , Bilheux H. , Tremsin A. S. , Lowe L. E. , Babu S. S.
Published: December 2014

Site specific control of the crystallographic orientation of grains within metal components has been unachievable before the advent of metals additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. To demonstrate the capability, the growth of highly misoriented micron scale grains outlining the letters D, O and E, through the thickness of a 25·4 mm tall bulk block comprised of primarily columnar [001] oriented grains made of the nickel base superalloy Inconel 718 was promoted. To accomplish this, electron beam scan strategies were developed based on principles of columnar to equiaxed transitions during solidification. Through changes in scan strategy, the electron beam heat source can rapidly change between point and line heat source modes to promote steady state and/or transient thermal gradients and liquid/solid interface velocity. With this approach, an equiaxed solidification in the regions bounding the letters D, O and E was achieved. The through thickness existence of the equiaxed grain structure outlining the letters within a highly columnar [001] oriented bulk was confirmed through characterizing the bulk specimen with energy selective neutron radiography and confirming with an electron backscatter detection. Ultimately, this demonstration promotes the ability to build metal components with site specific control on crystallographic orientation of grains using the electron beam melting process.
Global microRNA expression profiling uncovers molecular markers for classification and prognosis in aggressive B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Iqbal Javeed , Shen Yulei , Huang Xin , Liu Yanyan , Wake Laura , Liu Cuiling , Deffenbacher Karen , Lachel Cynthia M. , Wang Chao , Rohr Joseph , Guo Shuangping , Smith Lynette M. , Wright George , Bhagavathi Sharathkumar , Dybkaer Karen , Fu Kai , Greiner Timothy C. , Vose Julie M. , Jaffe Elaine , Rimsza Lisa , Rosenwald Andreas , Ott German , Delabie Jan , Campo Elias , Braziel Rita M. , Cook James R. , Tubbs Raymond R. , Armitage James O. , Weisenburger Dennis D. , Staudt Louis M. , Gascoyne Randy D. , McKeithan Timothy W. , Chan Wing C.
Published: December 2014

Key Points

Well-defined miRNA signatures for normal B-cell subsets and their malignant counterparts including BL and DLBCL subgroups were identified. In DLBCL, miRNA-155 expression is associated with R-CHOP resistance, but in vitro sensitivity to AKT pathway inhibition.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: optimizing outcome in the context of clinical and biologic heterogeneity
Authors: Sehn Laurie H. , Gascoyne Randy D.
Published: December 2014

Although the majority of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be cured with standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), patients who fail R-CHOP have a dismal outcome. Thus, optimization of front-line therapy, as well as the development of more effective salvage strategies, remains an important objective. Advances in molecular genetics have vastly improved our understanding of the biological diversity of DLBCL and have led to the discovery of key oncogenic pathways. In addition to the major molecular designations of germinal center B-cell and activated B-cell subtypes, next-generation sequencing technologies have unveiled the remarkable complexity of DLBCL and identified unique molecular targets that may be differentially exploited for therapeutic benefit. These findings have translated into a growing list of promising novel agents. Moving forward, it is of paramount importance to recognize the heterogeneity of DLBCL and to investigate these targeted agents within patient populations who are most likely to benefit. It will be necessary to prioritize drugs that affect key driver pathways and to combine them rationally to optimize their benefit. Improved prognostication and the availability of predictive biomarkers will be crucial to allow for the possibility of individualized risk-adapted therapy.
Loss of DGKε induces endothelial cell activation and death independently of complement activation
Authors: Bruneau Sarah , Néel Mélanie , Roumenina Lubka T. , Frimat Marie , Laurent Lætitia , Frémeaux-Bacchi Véronique , Fakhouri Fadi
Published: December 2014

Key Points

Loss of DGKε in endothelial cells induces cell death, impairs angiogenic responses, and leads to an activated and prothrombotic phenotype. DGKE silencing in resting endothelial cells does not affect complement activation at their surface.
ST3Gal-4 is the primary sialyltransferase regulating the synthesis of E-, P-, and L-selectin ligands on human myeloid leukocytes
Authors: Mondal Nandini , Buffone Alexander , Stolfa Gino , Antonopoulos Aristotelis , Lau Joseph T. Y. , Haslam Stuart M. , Dell Anne , Neelamegham Sriram
Published: December 2014

Key Points

A single α(2,3) sialyltransferase, ST3Gal-4, controls sLeX biosynthesis on N- and O-glycans in cells of human myeloid lineage. Blocking this enzyme activity prevents human neutrophil adhesion to E-, P-, and L-selectin.
Characterizing the electrical properties of raised S/D junctionless thin-film transistors with a dual-gate structure
Authors: Cheng Ya-Chi , Chen Hung-Bin , Su Jun-Ji , Shao Chi-Shen , Wang Cheng-Ping , Chang Chun-Yen , Wu Yung-Chun
Published: December 2014

This letter demonstrates a p-type raised source-and-drain (raised S/D) junctionless thin-film transistors (JL-TFTs) with a dual-gate structure. The raised S/D structure provides a high saturation current (>1 μA/μm). The subthreshold swing (SS) is 100 mV/decade and the drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) is 0.8 mV/V, and the I
on/I
off current ratio is over 108 A/A for L
g = 1 μm. Using a thin channel structure obtains excellent performance in the raised S/D structure. Besides the basic electrical characteristics, the dual-gate structure can also be used to adjust V
th in multi-V
th circuit designs. This study examines the feasibility of using JL-TFTs in future three-dimensional (3D) layer-to-layer stacked high-density device applications.
Real-time communication in IEEE 802.11s mesh networks: simulation assessment considering the interference of non-real-time traffic sources
Authors: D Viegas Carlos M , Vasques Francisco , Portugal Paulo , Moraes Ricardo
Published: December 2014

With the widespread deployment of wireless mesh networks (WMNs) in industrial environments, real-time (RT) communication may benefit from the multi-hop relaying infrastructure provided by WMNs. However, RT communication must be able to coexist with non-RT traffic sources that will interfere with RT communication. Within this context, this paper assesses the impact of interferences caused by non-RT traffic sources upon RT traffic in IEEE 802.11s mesh networks. Through an extensive set of simulations, we assess the impact of external traffic sources upon a set of RT message streams in different communication scenarios. According to the simulation results, we infer that RT traffic in 802.11s networks may be highly affected by external interferences, and therefore, such interferences must be taken into account when setting-up 802.11s networks. By varying the network load imposed by external interferences, we provide some useful hints about utilization thresholds above which the network can no longer reliably support RT traffic. We also present insights about the setting-up of some network parameters in order to optimize the RT communication performance.
On massive MIMO performance with semi-orthogonal pilot-assisted channel estimation
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zheng Xinru , Xu Wei , You Xiaohu
Published: December 2014

With the rapidly increasing demand for high-speed data transmission and a growing number of terminals, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been shown promising to meet the challenges owing to its high spectrum efficiency. Although massive MIMO can efficiently improve the system performance, usage of orthogonal pilots and growing terminals causes large resource consumption especially when the coherence interval is short. This paper proposes a semi-orthogonal pilot design with simultaneous data and pilot transmission. In the proposed technique, we exploit the asymptotic channel orthogonality in massive MIMO systems, with which a successive interference cancellation (SIC)-based channel estimation is applied to mitigate the mutual interference between data and pilot. We derived the theoretical expressions of the achievable rates in massive MIMO systems with our proposed pilot design. Further discussion on performance verifies the superiority of our proposed pilot design for high or low signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) with any coherence interval length. And simulation results show that the proposed pilot design can achieve a significant performance improvement with reduced pilot resource consumption compared with the conventional orthogonal pilots.
The combined effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and renal replacement therapy on meropenem pharmacokinetics: a matched cohort study
Authors: Shekar Kiran , Fraser John F , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Welch Susan , Wallis Steven C , Mullany Daniel V , Lipman Jeffrey , Roberts Jason A
Published: December 2014

Introduction

The scope of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is expanding; however, optimal drug prescription during ECMO remains a developing science. Currently, there are no clear guidelines for antibiotic dosing during ECMO. This open-label, descriptive, matched-cohort pharmacokinetics (PK) study aimed to compare the PK of meropenem in ECMO patients to critically ill patients with sepsis not receiving ECMO (controls).

Methods

Eleven adult patients on ECMO (venovenous (VV) ECMO, n = 6; venoarterial (VA) ECMO, n = 5) receiving intravenous (IV) meropenem were included. Meropenem plasma concentrations were determined using validated chromatography. Population PK analysis was performed using non-linear mixed effects modelling. This data was compared with previously published meropenem PK data from 10 critically ill adult patients not on ECMO (preserved renal function (n = 5) or receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) (n = 5). Using these data, we then performed Monte Carlo simulations (n = 1,000) to describe the effect of creatinine clearance on meropenem plasma concentrations.

Results

In total, five (two VV, three VA) out of eleven ECMO patients received RRT. The other six patients (four VV, two VA) had no significant impairment in renal function. A two-compartment model adequately described the data. ECMO patients had numerically higher volume of distribution (0.45 ± 0.17 versus 0.41 ± 0.13 L/kg, P = 0.21) and lower clearance compared to controls (7.9 ± 5.9 versus 11.7 ± 6.5 L/h, P = 0.18). Variability in meropenem clearance was correlated with creatinine clearance or the presence of RRT. The observed median trough concentrations in the controls were 4.2 (0.0 to 5.7) mg/L. In ECMO patients, while trough meropenem concentrations >2 mg/L were achieved in all patients, a more aggressive target of >8 mg/L for less susceptible microorganisms was observed in only eight out of eleven patients, with five of them being on RRT.

Conclusions

ECMO patients exhibit high PK variability. Decreased meropenem CL on ECMO appears to compensate for ECMO and critical illness-related increases in volume of distribution. Routine target concentrations >2 mg/L are maintained with standard dosing (1 g IV 8-hourly). However, an increase in dose may be necessary when targeting higher concentrations or in patients with elevated creatinine clearance.
Genomic signatures of near-extinction and rebirth of the crested ibis and other endangered bird species
Authors: Li Shengbin , Li Bo , Cheng Cheng , Xiong Zijun , Liu Qingbo , Lai Jianghua , Carey Hannah V , Zhang Qiong , Zheng Haibo , Wei Shuguang , Zhang Hongbo , Chang Liao , Liu Shiping , Zhang Shanxin , Yu Bing , Zeng Xiaofan , Hou Yong , Nie Wenhui , Guo Youmin , Chen Teng , Han Jiuqiang , Wang Jian , Wang Jun , Chen Chen , Liu Jiankang , Stambrook Peter J , Xu Ming , Zhang Guojie , Gilbert M Thomas P , Yang Huanming , Jarvis Erich D , Yu Jun , Yan Jianqun
Published: December 2014

Background

Nearly one-quarter of all avian species is either threatened or nearly threatened. Of these, 73 species are currently being rescued from going extinct in wildlife sanctuaries. One of the previously most critically-endangered is the crested ibis, Nipponia nippon. Once widespread across North-East Asia, by 1981 only seven individuals from two breeding pairs remained in the wild. The recovering crested ibis populations thus provide an excellent example for conservation genomics since every individual bird has been recruited for genomic and demographic studies.

Results

Using high-quality genome sequences of multiple crested ibis individuals, its thriving co-habitant, the little egret, Egretta garzetta, and the recently sequenced genomes of 41 other avian species that are under various degrees of survival threats, including the bald eagle, we carry out comparative analyses for genomic signatures of near extinction events in association with environmental and behavioral attributes of species. We confirm that both loss of genetic diversity and enrichment of deleterious mutations of protein-coding genes contribute to the major genetic defects of the endangered species. We further identify that genetic inbreeding and loss-of-function genes in the crested ibis may all constitute genetic susceptibility to other factors including long-term climate change, over-hunting, and agrochemical overuse. We also establish a genome-wide DNA identification platform for molecular breeding and conservation practices, to facilitate sustainable recovery of endangered species.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate common genomic signatures of population decline across avian species and pave a way for further effort in saving endangered species and enhancing conservation genomic efforts.
The sympathetic nervous response in inflammation
Authors: Pongratz Georg , Straub Rainer H
Published: December 2014

Over the past decades evidence has accumulated clearly demonstrating a pivotal role for the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and its neurotransmitters in regulating inflammation. The first part of this review provides the reader with an overview showing that the interaction of the SNS with the immune system to control inflammation is strongly context-dependent (for example, depending on the activation state of the immune cell or neuro-transmitter concentration). In the second part we focus on autoimmune arthritis as a well investigated example for sympathetically controlled inflammation to show that the SNS and catecholamines play a differential role depending on the time point of ongoing disease. A model will be developed to explain the proinflammatory effects of the SNS in the early phase and the anti-inflammatory effects of catecholamines in the later phase of autoimmune arthritis. In the final part, a conceptual framework is discussed that shows that a major purpose of increased SNS activity is nourishment of a continuously activated immune system at a systemic level using energy-rich fuels (glucose, amino acids, lipids), while uncoupling from central nervous regulation occurs at sites of inflammation by repulsion of sympathetic fibers and local adrenoceptor regulation. This creates zones of ‘permitted local inflammation’. However, if this ‘inflammatory configuration’ persists and is strong, as in autoimmunity, the effects are detrimental because of the resultant chronic catabolic state, leading to cachexia, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and increased cardiovascular mortality, and so on. Today, the challenge is to translate this conceptual knowledge into clinical benefit.
Monoamine oxidase a gene promoter methylation and
transcriptional downregulation in an offender population with antisocial
personality disorder
Authors: Checknita D. , Maussion G. , Labonté B. , Comai S. , Tremblay R. E. , Vitaro F. , Turecki N. , Bertazzo A. , Gobbi G. , Côté G. , Turecki G.
Published: December 2014

Background

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is characterised by elevated
impulsive aggression and increased risk for criminal behaviour and
incarceration. Deficient activity of the monoamine oxidase A
(MAOA) gene is suggested to contribute to
serotonergic system dysregulation strongly associated with impulsive
aggression and antisocial criminality.

Aims

To elucidate the role of epigenetic processes in altered
MAOA expression and serotonin regulation in a
population of incarcerated offenders with ASPD compared with a healthy
non-incarcerated control population.

Method

Participants were 86 incarcerated participants with ASPD and 73 healthy
controls. MAOA promoter methylation was compared between
case and control groups. We explored the functional impact of
MAOA promoter methylation on gene expression
in vitro and blood 5-HT levels in a subset of the
case group.

Results

Results suggest that MAOA promoter hypermethylation is
associated with ASPD and may contribute to downregulation of
MAOA gene expression, as indicated by functional
assays in vitro, and regression analysis with
whole-blood serotonin levels in offenders with ASPD.

Conclusions

These results are consistent with prior literature suggesting
MAOA and serotonergic dysregulation in antisocial
populations. Our results offer the first evidence suggesting epigenetic
mechanisms may contribute to MAOA dysregulation in
antisocial offenders.
Na+ Transport by a Sodium Ion Pump Rhodopsin is Resistant to Environmental Change: A Comparison of the Photocycles of the Na+ and Li+ Transport Processes
Authors: Inoue Keiichi , Ono Hikaru , Kandori Hideki
Published: December 2014

Krokinobacter rhodopsin 2 (KR2) is a light-driven sodium ion pump. Although the photocycle of solubilized KR2 in LiCl solution is much longer than in NaCl, it effectively transports Li+ as Na+. This seems contradictory, because the rate of the photocycle determines the turnover speed of the pump. Here, we revealed that the photocycles in liposomes and E. coli membrane are similar between NaCl and LiCl. This is consistent with the comparable Na+ and Li+ pump efficiencies, and KR2 has a faster turnover of Na+ pump, which is resistant to environmental change.
Fine Patterning of Silver Metal by Electron Beam Irradiation onto Room-temperature Ionic Liquid
Authors: Minamimoto Hiro , Irie Haruyasu , Uematsu Taro , Tsuda Tetsuya , Imanishi Akihito , Seki Shu , Kuwabata Susumu
Published: December 2014

A new silver micropatterning method has been developed by electron beam irradiation to room-temperature ionic liquid containing silver salts. This is the first achievement that uses liquid media to obtain metal deposits by electron beam lithography. Silver deposits were obtained as designed with high resolution and purity compared to the existing direct writing method.
Rampant software errors undermine scientific results
Authors: Soergel David A. W.
Published: December 2014

Errors in scientific results due to software bugs are not limited to a few high-profile cases that lead to retractions and are widely reported. Here I estimate that in fact most scientific results are probably wrong if data have passed through a computer, and that these errors may remain largely undetected. The opportunities for both subtle and profound errors in software and data management are boundless, yet they remain surprisingly underappreciated.
Cumulant-moment relation in free probability theory
Authors: Pielaszkiewicz Jolanta , Rosen Dietrich von , Singull Martin
Published: December 2014

The goal of this paper is to present and prove a cumulant-moment recurrent relation formula in free probability theory. It is convenient tool to determine underlying compactly supported distribution function. The existing recurrent relations between these objects require the combinatorial understanding of the idea of non-crossing partitions, which has been considered by Speicher and Nica. Furthermore, some formulations are given with additional use of the Möbius function. The recursive result derived in this paper does not require introducing any of those concepts. Similarly like the non-recursive formulation of Mottelson our formula demands only summing over partitions of the set. The proof of non-recurrent result is given with use of Lagrange inversion formula, while in our proof the calculations of the Stieltjes transform of the underlying measure are essential.
Determining Optimal Parameters for Expediting Policies
Authors: Özsen Raik , Thonemann Ulrich W.
Published: December 2014

We consider an inventory policy that expedites delivery times of open orders if the inventory level drops below a certain threshold. By expediting open orders, back orders can be reduced. Order expediting is costly, and we include various types of expediting costs in the model. We prove structural properties of the model and show how the optimal parameters of the expediting policy can be computed efficiently. The expediting policy is easy to implement and, for situations with variable expediting cost only, the structure of the policy is optimal. For situations with nonvariable expediting costs, the expediting policy that we consider is generally not optimal. The optimal policy can be computed by dynamic programming, but this approach is computationally feasible only for small-problem instances. We conduct numerical experiments that are based on data from the service division of a global equipment manufacturer to evaluate the performances of the expediting policy and the optimal policy. The results show that substantial cost savings can be achieved by order expediting and that the expediting policy realizes a great share of the cost-saving potential offered by order expediting.
The evidential issues relating to economic signatures II
Authors: Mason Stephen
Published: December 2014

Both the government and the industry are keenly promoting the use of electronic signatures. It is assumed that the widespread use of electronic signatures will encourage greater use of the internet as a means to buy goods and services. Part two of an article looking at the evidential issues relating to electronic signatures, illustrating the weakness of the infrastructure, which in turn highlights the risks that both users and recipients encounter when using electronic signatures. Published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The constitutional rights of children
Authors: Van Bueren Geraldine
Published: December 2014

The significant difference between
modernity and past eras is that modernity emphasises choice and
autonomy and the past relied upon fate. The author enquires both
into the effectiveness of constitutions in seeking to protect the
autonomous rights of children and whether a global culture of
children's constitutional rights is beginning to develop.
Children's civil and political constitutional rights are analysed
as well as their economic, social and cultural constitutional
rights, as it is the poorest children, who many unthinkingly
dismiss as being beyond the scope of justiciability and the
courts. Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Peaceful strategies in the "War against Terror"
Authors: Brandon Ben
Published: December 2014

Ben Brandon, a partner at the London law
firm Russell Jones & Walker who specialises in UK and
international criminal law, reviews international initiatives
againist terrorist financing. Article published in Amicus Curiae
- Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal
is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The legal capacity of child-headed households
Authors: Ritchie Graham
Published: December 2014

Article by Graham Ritchie setting out thoughts for a discussion topic for a multi-disciplinary group, aiming not at legal theory but at a signpost for the direction of work to be undertaken by the IALS; the Child Rights Unit of the Department of Law, Free State University, South Africa; and the National University of Lesotho. The article was published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Challenging an arbitration award: some key principles
Authors: Qureshi Khawar
Published: December 2014

The author examines the restrictive
approach adopted by the High Court since the introduction of the
Arbitration Act 1996, in reviewing the arbitral process, as
confirmed in the very limited number of cases which have been
presented by parties thus far. Published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Electronic payment mechanisms I
Authors: Mason Stephen
Published: December 2014

Part one of a two-part article by Stephen Mason, Barrister, considering the legal and regulatory issues relating to electronic payment mechanisms other than the usual forms of payment, such as cash, credit cards and debit cards. Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Management and control in Italian public companies
Authors: Wooldridge Frank
Published: December 2014

Article by Dr Frank Wooldridge considering law reforms which have impacted on management structures in Italian public companies. Published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Solicitors' conflict of interest: the context and significance of the new rules
Authors: Perrin Chris
Published: December 2014

Article on proposed changes to the Law
Society Rules governing solicitors' conflicts of interest by
Chris Perrin (Executive Partner and General Counsel, Clifford
Chance LLP and Chairman, City of London Law Society Working Party
on Review of Conflict Rules). The article is followed by the text
of the Solicitors' Practice (Conflict) Amendment Rule (2004).
Article based on a presentation to the Society for Advanced Legal
Studies and published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, University of London.
The Draft Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) Regulations 2005
Authors: McMullen John
Published: December 2014

Brief commentary by John McMullen
(Professor of Labour Law, University of Leeds, United Kingdom) on
draft regulations to revise the Transfer of Undertakings
(Protection of Employment) Regulations 1981 (TUPE) issued in a
consultation paper by the Department of Trade and Industry on
March15, 2005. Article published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the
IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced
Study, University of London).
Three Rivers: privilege re-assessed
Authors: Willink David
Published: December 2014

Article considering the House of Lords'
decision on legal professional privilege (Three Rivers District
Council v Bank of England), impact of the Bank of Credit and
Commerce International (BCCI) collapse, and issues related to the
reassessment of the scope and justification of litigation
privilege. The author was the UK Government's policy adviser
responsible for the Attorney General's intervention in the House
of Lords proceedings in Three Rivers (No 6). The article was
published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.
The criminal justice system's longstop: the work of the Criminal Review Commission
Authors: Zellick Graham
Published: December 2014

An overview of the work of the UK's
Criminal Cases Review Commission by Professor Graham Zellick
(Chairman of the Criminal Cases Review Commission, former
Vice-Chancellor and Emeritus Professor of Law of the University
of London)published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.
Wainwright reconsidered: Prisons, Families and the Human Rights Act
Authors: Codd Helen
Published: December 2014

A brief, speculative look at how the
provisions of the Human Rights Act 1998 regarding the rights of
prisoners' partners and children may have impacted (had it been
applicable) on the decision of Wainwright v Home Office [2003]
UKHL 53 which related to conduct before the act came into force.
Piece by Helen Codd (Principal Lecturer in Law, lancashire Law
School, University of Central Lancashire) published in Amicus
Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of
Advanced Study, University of London).
To transform the international criminal trial: merging restorative and retributive justice
Authors: Findlay Mark
Published: December 2014

This paper establishes the case for trial
transformation looking at a model of justice that is more
inclusive and cognisant of competing aspirations for justice
resolutions internationally. The article is by Mark Findlay
(Professor of Criminal Justice, Law Faculty, University of
Sydney) and was published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Jurisprudence - the bystander to crime
Authors: Valier Claire
Published: December 2014

The author raises questions about the
predicament of a bystander to a serious crime who does not
intervene to oppose it. Article by Claire Valier (Lecturer in
Law, University of London) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal
of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Ombudsmen and administrative justice
Authors: Abraham Ann
Published: December 2014

Article published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Recent judicial and legislative developments in the law of transfer of undertakings
Authors: McMullen John
Published: December 2014

Article published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Judicial and executive branches of government - a new partnership?
Authors: Thomas Lord Justice
Published: December 2014

Article by Lord Justice Thomas (Senior
Presiding Judge, England and Wales) examining how the
relationship between the two branches of government is to operate
following the changes consequent upon the reform of the office of
the Lord Chancellor. Published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Insurance law - unfair, unclear, archaic and inaccessible?
Authors: Tyldesley Peter
Published: December 2014

Commentary by Peter Tyldesley (Law Commission) outlining the aims and scope of a joint review of insurance contract law undertaken by the English and Scottish Law Commissions. Published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
Tackling Market Abuse
Authors: Haynes Andrew
Published: December 2014

Brief commentary on UK and EU legislative measures introduced to tackle economic crime such as Market Abuse. Written by Dr Andrew Haynes (Reader in Corporate and Professional Law, University of Wolverhampton)and published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
The constitutional tree: rendering the branches
Authors: Barlow Craig
Published: December 2014

A report on the first civil tort claim for
"extraordinary rendition" to reach the US courts.Article by Craig
Brown (Barrister, Ely Place Chambers, London) published in Amicus
Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The
Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at
the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The private company in Spanish law
Authors: Wooldridge Frank
Published: December 2014

Article by Dr Frank Wooldridge published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Meaning and reference: the interpretation of general terms
Authors: Charnock Ross
Published: December 2014

This is the second of two articles adapted
from a lecture given to the Statute Law Society at the Institute
of Advanced Legal Studies on October 1, 2007. This article looks
at the use of general terms and reference to natural kinds.
Article by Dr Ross Charnock (Maitre de Conferences at the
University of Paris) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The Heritage Protection Bill: its effect on the current systems
Authors: Hewitson Nigel
Published: December 2014

Article by Nigel Hewitson (Head of Planning
at Norton Rose LLP, and a former Legal Director of English
Heritage) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.

This article is a
shorter version of an article which appeared in the July 2008
edition of the Journal of Planning and Environment Law and is
based on a paper presented by the author to the IALS on 23rd
January 2008.
Nineteenth century defamation: was it a law of the press?
Authors: Mitchell Paul
Published: December 2014

The author considers the relationship
between defamation and the press, focussing on its development
through Nineteenth Century common law. Article by Paul Mitchell
(Reader in Law, King's College London) published in Amicus Curiae
- Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal
is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The end of blasphemy law
Authors: Kearns Paul
Published: December 2014

Blasphemy law was once an integral part of English constitutional and criminal law, such was the law's close affiliation with the precepts of Christianity. The author marks the end of blasphemy law in England by adumbrating the reasons for its decline, and by providing a brief history of the crucial developments within that defunct but once important law, with reference to international as well as domestic case law. He also alludes to the sea change in religious priorities in England and the attempted resolution of possible inter-religious antipathies. Article by Dr Paul Kearns, Lecturer in Law at the School of Law, University of Manchester - published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Legal services in North West England: the changing landscape
Authors: Sugarman David
Published: December 2014

An overview of the legal services revolution in the North West of England. Originally presented as a paper at a conference on Legal services in North West England: the changing landscape" hosted by Lancaster University's Centre for Law and Society on September 27, 2007. Article by Professor David Sugarman, Director, Centre for Law and Society, Lancaster University Law School - published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Defending human rights in Colombia
Authors: Chandler Sara
Published: December 2014

The author describes a fact-finding visit
to Colombia by a group of UK lawyers in August 2008. The author
is a Law Society Council Member, member of the Law Society's
International Human Rights Committee with responsibility for
Colombia, Director of Pro Bono at the College of Law, and an
Associate Professor. Article by Sara Chandler published in Amicus
Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The
Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at
the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The Society of Enhanced Legal Scholars, Seven of Nine, and some regulatory challenges for future generations
Authors: Brownsword Roger
Published: December 2014

Article by Roger Brownsword (Professor of
Law and Director of TELOS, King's College London and Honorary
Professor of Law at the University of Sheffield) raising legal,
moral and ethical questions related to biotechnologies and human
enhancement. Originally delivered as a lecture to the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies and published in Amicus Curiae – Journal
of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the
IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced
Study, University of London).
Mutual recognition in criminal matters in Cyprus
Authors: Christou Theodora , Kouzoupi Eleni , Xanthaki Helen
Published: December 2014

Consideration of the hierarchy of laws and
principle of mutual recognition operating in relation to criminal
matters in Cyprus. The article is written by Theodora Christou
(European Cross Border Justice Project Manager, the AIRE Centre),
Eleni Kouzoupi (Counsel of the Republic, Law Office of the
Republic of Cyprus) and Helen Xanthaki (Senior Lecturer +
Academic Director, Sir William Dale Centre for Legislative
Studies, IALS). Article first published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The European Union, international law and the Middle East peace process
Authors: Khaliq Urfan
Published: December 2014

Consideration of the role of the European
Union and international law in the Israeli-Palestinian disputes
in the Middle East. The article is based on a Public lecture
delivered at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies in March
2009. Article by Dr Urfan Khaliq, Senior Lecturer in Laws,
Cardiff University, published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
O que torna o professor brasileiro satisfeito com sua profissão?
Authors: Capistrano Daniel , Cirotto Ana Carolina
Published: December 2014

O artigo apresenta uma análise sobre o grau de satisfação no trabalho relatado por professores brasileiros do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa baseou-se nos resultados de um survey comparativo realizado com docentes de 24 países. O estudo identifica alguns fatores ligados ao ambiente escolar que estão associados à satisfação profissional dos professores e tece considerações sobre o impacto das evidências apresentadas para o debate sobre o trabalho docente no Brasil e para as políticas educacionais.
Effects of Childcare Subsidies on Employment and Earnings of Low-Income Mothers
Authors: Zanoni Wladimir , Weinberger Gabriel
Published: December 2014

This study examines how childcare subsidies funded by the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF – the most widespread childcare subsidy program in the United States) affect the employment status and earnings of low-income mothers. Employing a rich database of administrative records, we compute instrumental variables and control function estimates of the program’s effects. As an exclusion restriction, we take advantage of differences in efficiency levels across administrative agencies that process subsidy applications and payments. CCDF-funded subsidies have short-term effects that are primarily driven by changes in the extensive margin of labor supply. Mothers who are either unemployed or earning closer to the upper cutoff of eligibility benefit the most from participation in this program.
Thromboembolic risk in hematological malignancies
Authors: Franchini Massimo
Published: December 2014

There are a growing number of studies documenting that, similarly to patients with solid cancers, also patients with hematological malignancies (i.e., acute leukemia, lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative neoplasms and plasma cell disorders) are at increased risk of thrombosis. The pathogenesis of the hypercoagulable state associated with hematological cancers is often multifactorial. Contributor factors include tumor cell-derived procoagulants, antineoplastic therapies, central venous catheters, concomitant infections and advanced age. In this narrative review, the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of thrombosis in patients with hematological malignancies are reviewed.
Resiliency and Resilience Process of Entrepreneurs in New Venture Creation
Authors: Yang Yunxi , Danes Sharon M.
Published: December 2014

The purpose of this longitudinal study of 94 married entrepreneurs starting new businesses was to investigate protective mechanisms creating resiliency (capacity) in entrepreneurs and entrepreneur-assessed spousal commitment to new venture goals as a key element of the resilience process experienced within their couple decision context. Controlling for business demand, the effect on new venture sustainability as measured by breakeven point and business success was analyzed. Patterson’s FAAR theory, a family resilience theory, was applied because it clearly conceptualizes the components and influencing factors within the process of resilience and because the couple is the primary decision context of entrepreneurs. Spousal commitment (negative) and business demand (curvilinear) were significantly associated with breakeven point. Entrepreneur’s business confidence (positive), life outlook (positive), and business demand (curvilinear) were associated with business success.
Mixed spatially varying L
2-BV regularization of inverse ill-posed problems
Authors: Mazzieri Gisela L. , Spies Ruben D. , Temperini Karina G.
Published: December 2014

Several generalizations of the traditional Tikhonov–Phillips regularization method
have been proposed during the last two decades. Many of these generalizations are based upon inducing stability
throughout the use of different penalizers which allow the capturing of diverse properties of the exact solution
(e.g. edges, discontinuities, borders, etc.). However, in some problems in which it is known that the regularity of
the exact solution is heterogeneous and/or anisotropic, it is reasonable to think that a much better option could be
the simultaneous use of two or more penalizers of different nature. Such is the case, for instance, in some image
restoration problems in which preservation of edges, borders or discontinuities is an important matter. In this
work we present some results on the simultaneous use of penalizers of L
2 and of bounded variation (BV) type. For
particular cases, existence and uniqueness results are proved. Open problems are discussed and results to signal restoration problems are presented.
Cross-reactivity of adrenal steroids with aldosterone may prevent the accurate diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Tuhan Hale Unver , Catli Gonul , Anik Ahmet , Onay Huseyin , Dundar Bumin , Bober Ece , Abaci Ayhan
Published: December 2014

During the first weeks of life, salt-wasting crisis, hyperkalemia, acidosis, hypoglycemia, and shock are the main findings of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) is a rare disease of mineralocorticoid resistance, which is characterized with high aldosterone levels, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia without clinical findings of glucocorticoid deficiency. Patients with PHA1 are often initially diagnosed with CAH; however, it is unusual that a CAH patient is misdiagnosed as PHA1. In this report, we describe two cases with severe salt-losing crisis, hyperkalemia, and mild acidosis, which were initially diagnosed with PHA1, due to the high aldosterone levels along with normal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels. However, subsequent investigation and genetic analysis led to the diagnosis of CAH with a homozygous I2 splice mutation in both alleles of the
Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: pathology, molecular genetics and mouse models
Authors: Martinez-Barbera Juan Pedro , Buslei Rolf
Published: December 2014

Adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas (ACPs) are histologically benign but clinically aggressive epithelial tumours of the sellar region that are associated with high morbidity and occasional mortality. Research from the last 3 years has provided important insights into the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of these tumours. It has become established that mutations in