bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis of Drug‐Induced Gingival Overgrowth. A Review of Studies in the Rat Model
Authors: Nishikawa Seiji , Nagata Toshihiko , Morisaki Ichijiro , Oka Takami , Ishida Hiroshi
Published: March 2012

Drug‐induced gingival overgrowth is a side effect associated principally with 3 types of drugs: anticonvulsant (phenytoin), immunosuppressant (cyclosporine A), and various calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, Verapamil, diltiazem). In this review, we describe the features of phenytoin‐, cyclosporine A‐ and nifedipine‐induced gingival overgrowth in rats and discuss factors influencing the onset and severity of these disorders. There are several features common to the gingival overgrowth induced by these drugs: 1) gingival overgrowth is more conspicuous in the buccal than in the lingual gingiva and less severe in the maxilla than in the mandible; 2) once the blood concentration of the drug reaches a certain level as a result of increasing the dose, the incidence of gingival overgrowth is 100% and its severity is dependent on the blood level, the most severe overgrowth being induced by cyclosporine A; 3) the duration of drug administration for maximal gingival overgrowth to develop is about 40 days; 4) the gingival overgrowth regresses spontaneously after discontinuing the drug; 5) accumulation of dental plaque is not essential for the onset of overgrowth, but plays a role in its severity; and 6) more severe overgrowth is induced in young than in old rats. Furthermore, male rats are more susceptible than females to nifedipine‐induced gingival overgrowth. These results suggest that drug‐induced gingival overgrowth in rats is dependent on the oral drug dose, blood drug level, age, and sex and that preexisting gingival inflammation is a factor relevant to its severity. Since these factors have also been suggested to be important determinants for human drug‐induced gingival overgrowth, the rat model may prove valuable in the future for elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of the disorder. J Periodontol 1996;67:463–471.
pH Changes Observed in the Inflamed Gingival Crevice Modulate Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Activation In Vitro
Authors: Leblebicioglu Binnaz , Lim Jun S. , Cario Anthony C. , Beck F. Michael , Walters John D.
Published: March 2012

Previous studies have noted a positive correlation between gingival inflammation and crevicular pH, which reportedly varies from 6.5 to 8.5. In the present study, we characterized the manner in which deviation from the “physiological” pH of blood (7.2) influences activation of chemotaxis, phagocytosis, superoxide generation, and degranulation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Purified PMNs were suspended in HEPES‐buffered balanced salts solutions adjusted to pH 6.7, 7.2, 7.7, or 8.2. In a modified Boyden chamber, the chemotactic response to fMet‐Leu‐Phe was maximal at pH 7.2. In comparison, chemotaxis was significantly depressed at pH 7.7 and pH 8.2 (P < 0.05), but was not significantly different at pH 6.7. Activation of the respiratory burst by fMet‐Leu‐Phe was optimal at pH 7.2, but was significantly depressed at pH 6.7 and 8.2 (P < 0.05). pH had little effect on N‐acetyl‐β‐glucosaminidase release from primary granules. However, lactoferrin release from the secondary granules of fMet‐Leu‐Phe‐activated PMNs was significantly lower at pH 7.2 than at pH 6.7 or 8.2 (P < 0.05). Moreover, phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria was significantly lower at pH 7.2 than at pH 7.7. In addition to these effects on functional activation, extracellular pH influenced the magnitude of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Peak fMet‐Leu‐Phe‐induced Ca2+ levels were significantly higher at pH 8.2 than at pH 7.2 (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that the pH of the periodontal environment can selectively influence PMN activation, thereby altering the balance between bacteria and the host response. J Periodontol 1996;67:472–477.
Dental Considerations for a Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia Patient: Case Report
Authors: Bisch Frederick C. , Bowen Karen J. , Hanson Benjamin S. , Kudryk Val L. , Billman Michael A.
Published: March 2012

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is a qualitative platelet disorder characterized by a deficiency in the platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP) IIb‐IIIa. It belongs to a group of hereditary platelet disorders typified by normal platelet numbers and a prolonged bleeding time. The bleeding seen in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia usually includes bruising, epistaxis, gingival hemorrhage, and menorrhagia. Spontaneous, unprovoked bleeding is unusual. The severity of bleeding is unpredictable in thrombasthenia and does not correlate with the severity of the platelet GP IIb‐IIIa abnormality. The present case report describes the dental treatment of a patient with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. A 39‐year‐old female with a history of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia presented for periodontal therapy for spontaneous gingival hemorrhage. The patient had been sporadically seen in the past and had a record of only returning for appointments on an “emergency” basis. The periodontal findings revealed a diagnosis of moderate to advanced adult periodontitis in all quadrants. After all dental options had been discussed, the treatment of choice was determined to be extraction of the remaining dentition and fabrication of immediate dentures. The patient received a loading dose of 5 grams of aminocaproic acid (EACA) intravenously 3 hours prior to the surgery. At the beginning of the extractions 1 gram of EACA per hour continuous infusion and a 6 pack of platelets was administered. The patient tolerated the extractions well. All sites healed normally. The patient has had no difficulty in adjusting to the dentures. The case report discusses a possible treatment option in a noncompliant patient having Glanzmann's thrombasthenia and briefly discusses other hereditary bleeding disorders with similar presentations. J Periodontol 1996;67:536–540.
Report of a Lateral Periodontal Cyst and Gingival Cyst Occurring in the Same Patient
Authors: Toison George E. , Czuszak Charlene A. , Billman Michael A. , Lewis David M.
Published: March 2012

The lateral periodontal cyst and gingival cyst of the adult are both developmental odontogenic cysts located predominantly in the mandibular premolar‐canine region. In this paper, a case report is described of a lateral periodontal cyst and gingival cyst occurring in the same patient along with a discussion of clinical, radiographic, and histological features of these lesions. J Periodontol 1996;67:541–544.
Treatment of Periodontal Disease Based on Microbiological Diagnosis. Relation Between Microbiological and Clinical Parameters During 5 Years
Authors: Renvert S. , Dahlén G. , Wikström M.
Published: March 2012

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical effect of treatment aimed to suppress Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis below detection level and Prevotella intermedia below 5% of the cultivable periodontal pocket flora. Sixteen patients and a total of 111 periodontal pockets with probing depth ≥ 6 mm were included in the study. Twelve patients and a total of 77 sites completed the 5‐year study. The results demonstrated clinical improvement of probing depth and gain of clinical attachment level of 3.4 mm and 1.2 mm, respectively. Treatment to eliminate indicator bacteria continued for 3 years before the aim was fulfilled. In order to eliminate A. actinomycetemcomitans from a majority of the sites, a combination of surgery and generalized tetracycline treatment was performed. A recolonization or regrowth of the indicator bacteria exceeding detection levels took place in several sites. The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and P. intermedia, alone or in combination, correlated with attachment level change on the individual level. No such correlation was obtained by using presence of plaque, bleeding on probing, or three other bacteria (Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, and Fusobacterium nucleatum) not used as treatment goal markers. J Periodontol 1996;67:562–571.
Cemental Tear: A Risk Factor in Periodontal Attachment Loss
Authors: Leknes Knut N. , Lie Tryggve , Selvig Knut A.
Published: March 2012

The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of cemental tear as a risk factor in periodontal attachment loss. Seventeen extracted, singlerooted teeth showing loss of attachment and having one cemental tear surface and one opposite intact surface were examined. The teeth were stained in 0.1% toluidine blue to visualize attached periodontal ligament remnants and examined in a light microscope under incident light. On each tooth, loss of attachment was measured along the long axis of the root from the cemento‐enamel junction to the most coronal level of the periodontal ligament on intact as well as on defect surfaces. Cemental tear surfaces demonstrated a significantly greater loss of attachment than opposite intact surfaces (P < 0.0001). In one specimen, the cemental tear fragment was partially attached to the root after the extraction procedure. This specimen was processed for light microscopy to determine the location of the cemental tear fracture. Histological examination clearly revealed that the split between the root and the fragment had occurred along the cemento‐dentinal border. The results indicate that cemental tear should be considered as a possible etiologic entity in localized rapid periodontal breakdown. J Periodontol 1996;67:583–588.
Plasma and Saliva Concentrations of Phenytoin and 5‐(4‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐5‐phenylhydantoin in Relation to the Incidence and Severity of Phenytoin‐Induced Gingival Overgrowth in Epileptic Patients
Authors: Ball D.E. , McLaughlin W.S. , Seymour R.A. , Kamali F.
Published: March 2012

This study examined the relationships between plasma and saliva concentrations of phenytoin and 5‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐5‐phenylhydantoin (HPPH), the major metabolite of phenytoin in man, and the prevalence and severity of gingival overgrowth. Thirty‐six adult epileptic patients who had been receiving phenytoin for greater than 6 months without a recent change in dosage were assessed for signs of periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth. Plasma and saliva samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of phenytoin and HPPH concentrations. Seventeen patients demonstrated clinically significant gingival overgrowth (responders; overgrowth index ≥ 30%). There were significant correlations between the gingival overgrowth index and both the papillary bleeding index (r = 0.495; P < 0.005) and probing depth (r = 0.632; P < 0.005). The plaque index correlated with the papillary bleeding index (r = 0.420; P < 0.05) and the probing depth (r = 0.301; P < 0.005), but not with the gingival overgrowth index. The extent of gingival overgrowth did not correlate significantly with either plasma or saliva concentrations of phenytoin or HPPH. Mean plasma and saliva concentrations of phenytoin and HPPH did not differ significantly between non‐responders and responders, nor did the mean plaque index. The mean papillary bleeding index (32.5 ± 21.2 vs. 63.8 ± 37.7; P < 0.01) and mean probing depth (12.4 ± 14.4% vs. 35.9 ± 25.3%; P < 0.02) were significantly greater in the responders. This study found no evidence of a relationship between phenytoin or HPPH concentrations in plasma or saliva and the extent, or prevalence of phenytoin‐induced gingival overgrowth. Further studies with larger populations may be necessary to establish the relationship, if any, between phenytoin or HPPH levels and gingival overgrowth. J Periodontol 1996;67:597–602.
Comparison Between 2 Surgical Techniques for the Treatment of Early‐Onset Periodontitis
Authors: Sirirat Mullika , Kasetsuwan Julalux , Jeffcoat Marjorie K.
Published: March 2012

The objective of this study was to compare guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and osseous surgery (OS) in treatment of early‐onset periodontitis. Six patients participated in this research, presenting 15 paired defects randomly assigned to 1 of the surgical groups. Pre‐operative clinical parameters (probing depth and attachment loss) between the two groups were not significantly different. Results 1 year following surgery showed probing depth reduction (2.60±1.30 mm) and clinical attachment gain (2.20±1.42 mm) were significantly greater in the GTR group than in the osseous surgery group (P < 0.05). The gingival recession was –0.53±0.52 mm and –0.40±0.74 mm for the osseous and the guided tissue regeneration group, respectively (no significant difference, P > 0.05). Radiographic analysis by two techniques illustrated that the interproximal alveolar bone changes at the margin of the defects in the OS group were slightly decreased (–0.20±1.15; 0.26±0.74 mm) and those in the GTR group were slightly increased (0.16±0.96; 0.26±0.68 mm), but showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). The base of the GTR‐treated defects showed significant increase in bone fill (1.67±0.68; 1.97±0.74 mm; P < 0.05). At a follow‐up reexamination 1 year following surgery, oral hygiene and gingival conditions in both groups were at satisfactory levels and gingiva was clinically healthy throughout the entire study period, except the first 4 to 6 weeks following surgery. J Periodontol 1996;67:603–607.
Clinical Effect of Tetracycline Demineralization and Fibrin‐Fibronectin Sealing System Application on Healing Response Following Flap Debridement Surgery
Authors: Trombelli Leonardo , Scabbia Alessandro , Scapoli Chiara , Calura Giorgio
Published: March 2012

The aim of this controlled clinical trial was to assess the effect on healing following tetracycline (TTC) conditioning and fibrin‐fibronectin sealing system (FFSS) application in association with flap debridement surgery (FDS) in 11 patients under treatment for moderate to severe periodontitis. Selection criteria included the presence of two bilateral, homologous, non‐molar, interproximal sites with probing depth ≥ 5 mm. The areas bilateral to the trial sites were matched for number and type of the teeth, and similar periodontal involvement. After initial therapy, a split‐mouth design was used in which one area was treated by flap debridement surgery alone (control), and the contralateral area was treated following surgery with a 4‐minute burnishing application of 100 mg/ml TTC solution and FFSS (test). Fibrin glue was applied with a syringe on the demineralized root surfaces and surrounding bone margins. Healing by primary intention was encouraged by flap repositioning with interrupted sutures left in place for 14 days. A monthly maintenance recall program was followed. Patients were clinically evaluated at baseline and 6 months and the following measurements were taken: gingival index, plaque control record, clinical attachment level, probing depth, recession, bleeding on probing. Statistical evaluation indicated that both approaches resulted in significant probing depth reduction and clinical attachment gain. However, the differences in healing between the test and control groups were not clinically nor statistically significant. These results suggest there is no additional benefit with TTC demineralization and topical FFSS application in conjunction with flap debridement surgery. J Periodontol 1996;67:688–693.
The Dynamics of Microbial Colonization of Barrier Membranes for Guided Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Nowzari Hessam , MacDonald Erika Smith , Flynn Jane , London Robert M. , Morrison John L. , Slots Jørgen
Published: March 2012

The microbial colonization of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by putative periodontopathogens at 3 minutes of intraoral manipulation was determined in 42 patients with 42 mandibular posterior two‐ to three‐wall defects. Twenty patients exhibited no periodontal pockets of ≥ 5 mm, other than the study site, and low levels of pathogens (group A). Twenty‐two patients revealed multiple periodontal pockets of 5 mm or more and numerous pathogens (group B). Within the preceding 3 months of regenerative surgery, group A patients had received apically positioned flap surgery with osseous recontouring (except for the study site), and group B patients had been enrolled in a non‐surgical maintenance program. The subgingival microbiota was examined prior to regenerative therapy, and the membrane microbiota was examined at 3 minutes and at the time of removal at 6 weeks by culture, DNA probes, and phasecontrast microscopy. The mean initial defect depth was 7.4 mm for group A and 7.2 mm for group B. At 6 months, the difference in mean clinical attachment gain was statistically significant (P < 0.001; group A: 3.4 mm; group B: 1.4 mm). At 3 minutes, putative pathogens were detected in seven (16.7%) membranes in group B (group Binfected), and the associated sites gained only 0.6 mm in clinical attachment at 6 months. Clinical attachment gain was modeled as a linear function of the explanatory variables (r2 = 86%). The presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis detected by DNA probe at 3 minutes was associated with 1.5 mm less expected gain (P = 0.0002). Total microbial counts and the percentage of Peptostreptococcus micros and Capnocytophaga species at baseline, and of motile rods on the membrane surface facing the gingiva at 6 weeks, were statistically significant negative predictors of clinical attachment. For each week the membrane remained covered, an additional 0.5 mm gain could be expected (P = 0.002); and for every 10 sites that exhibited bleeding on probing, the clinical attachment gain was 0.6 mm less at the site of regeneration (P < 0.0001). The present results showed that putative pathogens may colonize membranes within 3 minutes of intraoral manipulation. The patient group treated with periodontal osseous surgery revealed the lowest levels of periodontal pathogens in the membranes and exhibited the most gain in clinical attachment. J Periodontol 1996;67:694–702.
Hepatocellular Carcinomas Diagnosed Following Metastasis to the Oral Cavity. Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Llanes Felipe , Sanz‐Ortega Julián , Suarez Begoña , Sanz‐Esponera Julián
Published: March 2012

Oral metastases from hepatocellular carcinomas are rare. Case 1 was a 66‐year‐old male without previous history of liver disease who presented with metastasis to the gingival jaw mucosae on the lingual side. Case 2 was a 71‐year‐old male, with a previous history of diabetes, hepatitis, and cirrhosis who presented with metastasis to the right palatine tonsil. Oral metastases were the first manifestation of the hepatocellular carcinoma in both cases. A review of the literature disclosed 20 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasizing to the oral cavity, 7 affecting the gingival mucosae and none of them affecting the palatine tonsil. J Periodontol 1996;67:717–719.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Levels in Human Periodontium‐Derived Cells
Authors: Mizuho Fuyuki , Mori Hiroshi , Deguchi Shinji , Ogawa Yuji , Hori Toshio
Published: March 2012

The ability to objectively assess periodontal disease activity can significantly affect periodontal therapy. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is released extracellularly upon tissue destruction which suggests its potential as a key index in a quantitative assay for evaluating periodontal disease activity. The purpose of the present research was to assess the origin of AST in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in vitro. An experimental kit was used for the measurement of AST level in human gingival epithelial cells (HGEs), human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and plasma in peripheral blood. AST activify levels were observed in all of the periodontally derived cells, PMNs, and plasma. A significantly high level of AST activity was observed in HGEs (104.93 ± 8.13 KU/1000 cells). The level of AST activity in HPLFs was 18.09 ± 3.73 KU/1000 cells. AST activity in PMNs was significantly low, approximately 2% of that observed in HPLFs. These findings may suggest that AST level in GCF is correlated with the destruction of periodontal tissue. J Periodontol 1996;67:733–736.
Comparison of 2 Desensitizing Dentifrices With a Commercially Available Fluoride Dentifrice in Alleviating Cervical Dentine Sensitivity
Authors: Gillam D.G. , Bulman J.S. , Jackson R.J. , Newman H.N.
Published: March 2012

Previous studies have demonstrated efficacy of desensitizing dentifrices containing strontium acetate/sodium fluoride (SrAc2F) and potassium chloride/sodium monofluorophosphate (KCl/MFP) in alleviating discomfort arising from cervical dentine sensitivity (CDS). The aim of this investigation, therefore, was to determine efficacy of a SrAc2F dentifrice compared with KCl/MFP and a commercially available fluoride dentifrice containing sodium fluoride/sodium monofluorophosphate (NaMFP). Fiftysix patients participated in a 2‐center double‐blind, 3‐way comparative parallel 6‐week clinical study. Patients were evaluated at 0, 2, and 6 weeks for tactile (Yeaple probe), air sensitivity (dental air syringe), and subjective perception of pain (VAS scores). Results for Yeaple probe scores (Wilcoxon tests) between 2 weeks and baseline were highly significant for KCl/MFP, significant for NaMFP and nonsignificant for SrAc2F; scores between 6 weeks and baseline were, however, highly significant for all groups. Subjective Yeaple probe VAS scores (paired t‐tests) between 6 weeks and baseline were significant for all groups; significance was demonstrated in the KCl/MFP group between 2 weeks and baseline. Subjective air visual analogue scores (paired t‐tests) between 2 weeks and baseline were highly significant for all groups. There were no significant differences between groups at any time point. The results of the study demonstrated that the commercially available fluoride‐containing dentifrice was as effective as the 2 desensitizing dentifrices in alleviating CDS over time. J Periodontol 1996;67:737–742.
A Clinical Evaluation of Demineralized Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft in Combination With Tetracycline in the Treatment of Periodontal Osseous Defects
Authors: Masters Lisa B. , Mellonig James T. , Brunsvold Michael A. , Nummikoski Pirkka V.
Published: March 2012

The purpose was to evaluate the use of demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft reconstituted with 50 mg/ml tetracycline hydrochloride in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Fifteen systemically healthy patients (12 females, 3 males; aged 35 to 61) with moderate‐advanced periodontitis were treated. Patients had 3 osseous defects with probing depths (PD) > 5 mm after initial therapy. Each site in each subject was randomly assigned to one of the following groups: 1) demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft reconstituted with 50 mg/ml tetracycline (DFDBA+TCN); 2) demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft alone (DFDBA); or 3) debridement only (D). Clinical measurements were taken the day of surgery, 6 months, and 1 year. Standardized radiographs were taken at baseline and 1 year and were evaluated by computer assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA). Clinical measurements included gingival recession, PD, clinical attachment level, and mobility. Osseous defect measurements were taken at baseline and at the 1 year reentry. No adverse healing responses occurred. The results showed that all patients had a statistically significant improvement in probing depth and attachment level at 1 year. Osseous measurements showed bone fill of 2.27 mm (51.6%) for the DFDBA+TCN group, 2.20 mm (52.4%) for the DFDBA group, and 1.27 mm (32.8%) for the D group. Defect resolution was 77.3% for the DFDBA+TCN group, 77.9% for the DFDBA group, and 63.8% for the D group. The mean CADIA values were 5.04 for the DFDBA+TCN group, 6.79 for the DFDBA group and 2.78 for the D group. The CADIA values did not correlate with the clinical parameters. Although the grafted groups showed greater bone fill and defect resolution, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the clinical parameters between the treatment groups. This study suggests that there is no significant benefit from reconstituting the allograft with 50 mg/ml of tetracycline hydrochloride. J Periodontol 1996;67:770–781.
Smear Removal and Collagen Exposure After Non‐Surgical Root Planing Followed by Etching With an EDTA Gel Preparation
Authors: Blomlöf Johan P.S. , Blomlöf Leif B. , Lindskog Sven F.
Published: March 2012

Low pH aqueous solutions of citric acid have been used in surgical periodontal therapy mainly for two reasons. It dissolves smear after a relatively short exposure time and it has been claimed to selectively remove root surface‐associated mineral exposing collagen to varying degrees. The use of low pH etching agents has recently been challenged in both experimental in vitro and in vivo studies based on their necrotizing effect on the surrounding periodontal tissues. The purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy of subgingival application of an EDTA gel preparation in removing smear and exposing collagen fibers in root surfaces following non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Root surfaces which were root planed did not reveal any patent dentinal tubuli or collagen fibers. This was in contrast to the findings seen after root planing followed by etching, where intertubular surfaces were covered by a dense fibrillar network extending into patent dentinal tubuli. In high magnification these intertubular fibers displayed the cross‐striated texture typical for collagen fibers. Etching of root planed surfaces with EDTA may thus enhance the effect of non‐surgical root debridement in the same way as has been shown during experimental surgical procedures. J Periodontol 1996;67:841–845.
Histochemical and Immunocytochemical Localization of Dipeptidyl Peptidases II and IV in Human Gingiva
Authors: Kennett Craig N. , Cox Stephen W. , Eley Barry M.
Published: March 2012

Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) II and IV activities were demonstrated in unfixed cryostat sections of gingival tissue from chronic periodontitis patients using histochemistry with 2‐methoxy‐4‐naphthylamine (MNA) substrates. In the case of DPP IV, enzyme localization was confirmed by immunocytochemistry with mouse. monoclonal antihuman DPP IV (CD26) antibody. Inflammatory cells containing enzyme were identified in adjacent sections with mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against leukocyte differentiation antigens. Lys‐Ala‐MNA and Ala‐Pro‐MNA staining in acid buffer for DPP II was only found in a few fibroblasts in superficial tissue. Staining with Gly‐Pro‐MNA and Ala‐Pro‐MNA in alkaline buffer for DPP IV was localized in some CD4 and CD8 positive T lymphocytes, CD68 positive macrophages, and fibroblasts and these cells also reacted with the enzyme antibody. DPP IV‐containing macrophages and T lymphocytes were seen in the epithelium. In deeper granulomatous tissue Gram positive and negative bacteria stained with the histochemical substrates, but not the DPP IV antibody. Fibroblast DPP II and IV might participate in cellular interactions with collagen, while T lymphocyte DPP IV may be involved in cell signalling. J Periodontol 1996;67:846–852.
The Effect of Subgingival Antimicrobial Therapy on the Levels of Stromelysin and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Gingival Crevicular Fluid
Authors: Pourtaghi N. , Radvar M. , Mooney J. , Kinane D.F.
Published: March 2012

Recent investigations imply that a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease may be the ability of oral microorganisms to induce production and/or activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the host tissues. It has been suggested that the pharmacologic inhibition of MMP activity could play an important role in achieving a desirable outcome in periodontal therapy. The efficacy of locally delivered antibiotics on the level of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) stromelysin (SL) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) on sites with a history of a poor response to mechanical treatment was studied. Fifty‐two patients with 4 periodontal pockets ≥ 5 mm and bleeding on probing were randomized into four groups of 13 patients. One group received scaling and root planing alone and the other three groups received scaling and root planing plus a locally delivered antimicrobial system. These included 25% tetracycline fiber, 2% minocycline gel, and 25% metronidazole gel. The GCF samples taken at baseline and 6 weeks after treatments were analyzed using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). GCF SL levels significantly decreased after adjunctive tetracycline fiber (paired t‐test, P = 0.020) and minocycline gel (paired ttest, P = 0.023) treatments whereas it remained almost unchanged in the other two groups. While the GCF TIMP level did not change significantly in the scaling and root planing alone group, it significantly increased for all three adjunctive antimicrobial treatments (for tetracycline fiber P < 0.001, minocycline gel P = 0.005, metronidazole gel P < 0.001). The use of adjunctive locally delivered antimicrobial systems, particularly the tetracycline family, may offer an advantage in changing the metalloproteinase profile of the GCF to one more compatible with periodontal health. J Periodontol 1996;67:866–870.
Validation of Quantitative Digital Subtraction Radiography Using the Electronically Guided Alignment Device/Impression Technique
Authors: Hausmann Ernest , Allen Kristin , Loza Juan , Buchanan William , Cavanaugh Paul F.
Published: March 2012

The electronically guided alignment device (EGAD) has been demonstrated to function well with a custom fabricated stent for taking radiographs for subtraction. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that this device functions well when used with an impression bite‐block rather than a full arch acrylic stent. Nineteen subjects participated. Two vinyl siloxane impressions were made for each subject and a pair of x‐rays was taken with each impression. The location for study was divided among 7 for the maxillary premolar‐1st molar region, 6 for the mandibular premolar‐1st molar region, and 6 for the incisor‐canine region. To simulate bone change 3 bone chips (approximately 1, 7, and 10 mg) were positioned in the mucobuccal fold when one of each pair of x‐rays was taken. Pairs of radiographs were subtracted and the bone change (chips) isolated by thresholding to determine their area. An aluminum ramp was used to determine volume. A strong linear relationship between actual chip weight and equivalent aluminum volume (r2 = 0.64, P < 0.001) was obtained for all regions of the mouth when considered together. The strongest relationship of the 3 regions was for mandibular premolar‐1st molar sites, r2 = 0.78. These data indicate that the EGAD/impression technique is suitable for taking radiographs in all areas of the mouth for quantitative digital substraction. J Periodontol 1996;67:895–899.
Surgical approach to parapharyngeal space tumors
Authors: Dimitrijevic Milovan , Jesic Snezana , Krstic Aleksandar , Bjelogrlic Goran , Stojkovic Goran
Published: March 2012

Introduction: Parapharyngeal space tumors are very rare comprising 0,5% of
head and neck tumors. Tumors of this region are significant diagnostic
problem due to scanty symptomatology as well as considerable surgical issue
owing to inaccessibility. Patients and Methods: Retrospective twenty-year
study of patients with parapharyngeal space tumors included 69 patients. Data
were obtained from medical records, and were pointed to diagnostic
procedures, surgical approach and pathohistological findings. Symptoms and
clinical signs were also investigated. Results: Preoperative diagnostics is
very important for precise tumor localization and relation to adjacent
structures. Computerized tomography was the most common method used, and
recently, magnetic resonance imaging and indication-based contrast
angiography have been applied. All of 69 patients with parapharyngeal space
tumors were treated surgically. The most often approach to this tumor was
transcervical (62%), then transoral approach and combination transcervical
transoral approach. Pathohistological examination verified that most of the
tumors were benign (75%) and origin of these tumors was most frequently
salivary (42%). Conclusion: For making a decision on surgical approach,
diagnostic methods, other than thorough examination, such as computerized
tomography(CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MR), are necessary to be
applied.
Appendicitis in puerpeium: Case report
Authors: Berisavac Milica , Kastratovic-Kotlica Biljana , Tosic V. , Markovic N. , Ljustina S. , Zizic V. , Maricic Z.
Published: March 2012

Acute appendicitis in puerperium is often diagnosed too late, because
clinical signs can be unrelaible. Abdominal wall rigidity is rarely noticed
in puerpeium because of weak abdominal wall muscles, laboratory parameters
are not enough relaible and atipycal appendix presentation makes difficulties
in diagnosis3,4. Knowing clinical signs and symptoms of appendicitis,
possible complications and their early detection, make a chance for a good
surgical outcome. Measuring of axillar and rectal temperature can take
confusion in, and prolong time until surgical treatment. Leucocytosis in
puerperium is not valid for diagnosis. We report a case of patient in
puerperium with high laboratory infection parameters. Diagnosis of
appendicitis is made based on clinical signs and symptoms, that is proved
intraoperatively and histologicaly. Appendectomy without perforation carries
less risks for mother and fetus.
The Byzantine apocalyptic tradition a fourteenth-century Serbian version of the Apocalypse of Anastasia
Authors: Marjanovic-Dusanic Smilja
Published: March 2012

Early translations of the Apocalypse of Anastasia into Old Church Slavonic
appear in several versions incorporated into miscellanies of the zbornik
(collection) type. These texts belong to various genres of religious prose
and are usually assembled in apocryphal collections about journeys to the
other world. The earliest known Serbian version of the Apocalypse of
Anastasia is the fourteenth-century manuscript dated to about 1380 (MS 29).
The present paper gives an analysis of this narrative.
Hungarian views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg times and the inter-war period
Authors: Weaver Eric
Published: March 2012

The status and image of minorities often depends not on their
self-perceptions, but on the official stance taken by the state in which they
live. While identity is commonly recognized as malleable and personal, the
official status of minorities is couched in stiff scientific language
claiming to be authoritative. But as polities change, these supposedly
scientific categorizations of minorities also change. Based on academic
reports and parliamentary decisions, in Hungary today the Catholic South
Slavs known as Bunjevci are officially regarded as an obscure branch of the
Croatian nation. This has not always been the case. Early records of the
Bunjevci categorized them in a variety of ways, most commonly as Catholic
Serbs, Dalmatians, and Illyrians. In the nineteenth century Bunjevac elites
were able to project to the Hungarian public a mythological positive
historical image of the Bunjevci, delineating them from the negative
stereotypes of other South Slavs. This positive image, fixed in
encyclopaedias and maintained until the Second World War, represented the
Bunjevci as Catholic Serbs who (unlike Croats or Orthodox Serbs) were
constantly faithful to the Hungarian state and eager to assimilate. In the
1920s and 1930s traditional Hungarian stereotypes of Bunjevci protected them
from abuses suffered by other South Slavs. As political relations
transformed, official views of the Bunjevci also changed. With the massive
upheaval during and after the Second World War, there was a change in
accounts of who the Bunjevci were. The transformation from communism and the
break-up of Yugoslavia have also evoked demands for changes in identity from
some Bunjevci, and brought new impositions of identity upon them.
Leslie McCracken and Charles Bethune Horsbrugh: collecting birds’ eggs in Northern Ireland in the 1920s and early 1930s
Authors: McCracken Donal P.
Published: March 2012

This paper is a case-study of a school-boy's egg collection in Northern Ireland in the 1920s and early 1930s. The collection and Leslie McCracken's friendship with Charles Bethune Horsbrugh, an established naturalist, not only expanded McCracken's consciousness far beyond the boundaries of his rural existence but also reveal, through the specimens given to McCracken by Captain Horsbrugh, the considerable extent of amateur egg-collecting and the interchange of eggs both within Ireland and Great Britain, and further afield, then and in previous generations. A socio-historic sketch is provided, together with an account of the more interesting bird's eggs, their collectors, and the location of collection.
Development of an in vivo experimental model for percutaneous vertebroplasty in sheep
Authors: Benneker L. M. , Gisep A. , Krebs J. , Heini P. F. , Boner V. , Boger A.
Published: March 2012

Introduction: Several studies have described ‘open’ approach techniques for cementation of sheep and goat vertebrae; however, no percutaneous technique has been developed so far for use in non-primates. The aim of this study was to develop an animal model for percutaneous vertebroplasty under clinical conditions.

Methods: In a pilot study with dissected cadaveric ovine vertebrae, the technique and instruments as well as the optimal needle position were determined. In an in vivo animal study using 33 lumbar vertebrae of 11 sheep, a percutaneous vertebroplasty was performed under general anaesthesia. Needle position and cement volume were evaluated from high resolution, quantitative computed tomography imaging.

Results: The percutaneous technique for vertebroplasty was applicable to the vertebral bodies (L1 to L5) of the ovine lumbar spine without any related adverse effects for the animals. The procedure showed a steep learning curve represented by the reduction of the distance between the actual and planned needle positioning (7.2 mm to 3.7 mm; median value) and shorter surgery times (21.3 min to 15.0 min, average) with progression of the study.

Conclusion: The described technique is feasible and repeatable under clinical conditions. This is the first percutaneous vertebroplasty technique for non-primates and we conclude that the sheep is a valid animal model to investigate the effects of cement augmentation in vivo.
Thalamic semantic paralexia
Authors: Hoffmann Michael
Published: March 2012

Alexia may be divided into different subtypes, with semantic paralexia being particularly rare. A 57 year old woman with a discreet left thalamic stroke and semantic paralexia is described. Language evalution with the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Battery confirmed the semantic paralexia (deep alexia). Multimodality magnetic resonance imaging brain scanning excluded other cerebral lesions. A good recovery ensued.
Time-Dependent Changes of Plasma Concentrations of Angiopoietins, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Soluble Forms of Their Receptors in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients Following Surgical Resection
Authors: Kopczynska Ewa , Dancewicz Maciej , Kowalewski Janusz , Makarewicz Roman , Kardymowicz Hanna , Kaczmarczyk Agnieszka , Tyrakowski Tomasz
Published: March 2012

Even when patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer undergo surgical resection at an early stage, recurrent disease often impairs the clinical outcome. There are numerous causes potentially responsible for a relapse of the disease, one of them being extensive angiogenesis. The balance of at least two systems, VEGF VEGFR and Ang Tie, regulates vessel formation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of surgery on the plasma levels of the main angiogenic factors during the first month after surgery in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. The study group consisted of 37 patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer. Plasma concentrations of Ang1, Ang2, sTie2, VEGF, and sVEGF R1 were evaluated by ELISA three times: before surgical resection and on postoperative days 7 and 30. The median of Ang2 and VEGF concentrations increased on postoperative day 7 and decreased on day 30. On the other hand, the concentration of sTie2 decreased on the 7th day after resection and did not change statistically later on. The concentrations of Ang1 and sVEGF R1 did not change after the surgery. Lung cancer resection results in proangiogenic plasma protein changes that may stimulate tumor recurrences and metastases after early resection.
Increased sensitivity of multiwalled carbon nanotube network by PMMA functionalization to vapors with affine polarity
Authors: Olejnik R. , Slobodian P. , Riha P. , Machovsky M.
Published: March 2012

Multiwalled carbon nanotube network (MWCNT‐N)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite is prepared by solution radical polymerization. The entangled multiwall carbon nanotube network (MWCNT‐N) is obtained by vacuum filtration and functionalized by allyl isocyanate to form polymerizable vinyl groups on a nanotube surface. The solution polymerization binds PMMA covalently to these groups and yields MWCNT‐N/PMMA composite manifesting electrical conduction and selective chemical vapor sensing. The latter property is evaluated in terms of affinity of organic solvent vapor and PMMA polarities. It is found that the affinity of acetone polarity with polarity of PMMA improves significantly the sensitivity of the composite to this solvent while the sensitivity to methanol is the same and to iso‐pentane even decreased in comparison with the corresponding property of MWCNT‐N. The composite selective response is favorable for a possible composite use as a sensing element and/or vapor switch. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
The cytopathology of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
Authors: Wakely Paul E. , Ali Syed Z. , Bishop Justin A.
Published: March 2012

BACKGROUND:

Among sarcomas, a diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is often one of exclusion due to the absence of unequivocally characteristic histopathology, a conclusive immunohistochemical profile, or even a unique chromosomal anomaly. Because of this, the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytopathology of MPNST is extremely challenging. In the current study, the authors review their FNA experience with this neoplasm.

METHODS:

The authors searched their combined departmental cytology files for all lesions signed out as MPNST or suspicious for MPNST, as well as their own surgical pathology files for any cases of MPNST that had corresponding cytology. FNA was performed using standard techniques.

RESULTS:

A total of 55 cases of MPNST, all with tissue confirmation, and 1 misdiagnosed example of melanoma were retrieved from 52 patients (M:F ratio of 1.5:1; average age, 46 years), 26 of whom had a history of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF‐1). Aspirates were from primary (27 cases), locally recurrent (14 cases), or metastatic (10 cases) MPNST; 4 primary tumor aspirates were of ex vivo specimens. Sites included the extremities (22 cases), trunk/pelvis (22 cases), head and neck (6 cases), and deep‐seated masses (6 cases). FNA diagnoses were MPNST (24 patients); consistent with MPNST (5 patients); sarcoma, not otherwise specified (10 patients); atypical (3 patients); spindle cell neoplasm (6 patients); malignant neoplasm (1 patient); and nondiagnostic (3 patients). A definitive diagnosis of either MPNST or consistent with MPNST was issued in 30%, 93%, and 70%, respectively, of primary, locally recurrent, and metastatic lesions.

CONCLUSIONS:

FNA cytopathology is limited as a diagnostic instrument for the initial diagnosis of MPNST, but is exceedingly accurate and valuable in the recognition of metastatic and locally recurrent MPNST. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Polygon scaled boundary finite elements for crack propagation modelling
Authors: Ooi Ean Tat , Song Chongmin , Tin‐Loi Francis , Yang Zhenjun
Published: March 2012

An automatic crack propagation modelling technique using polygon elements is presented. A simple algorithm to generate a polygon mesh from a Delaunay triangulated mesh is implemented. The polygon element formulation is constructed from the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM), treating each polygon as a SBFEM subdomain and is very efficient in modelling singular stress fields in the vicinity of cracks. Stress intensity factors are computed directly from their definitions without any nodal enrichment functions. An automatic remeshing algorithm capable of handling any n‐sided polygon is developed to accommodate crack propagation. The algorithm is simple yet flexible because remeshing involves minimal changes to the global mesh and is limited to only polygons on the crack paths. The efficiency of the polygon SBFEM in computing accurate stress intensity factors is first demonstrated for a problem with a stationary crack. Four crack propagation benchmarks are then modelled to validate the developed technique and demonstrate its salient features. The predicted crack paths show good agreement with experimental observations and numerical simulations reported in the literature. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The hyperpolarization‐activated current regulates synchronization of gap–junction‐coupled dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain—a combined approach between computational modeling and electrophysiological recording
Authors: Tateno Takashi
Published: March 2012

To examine the functional role of hyperpolarization‐activated and cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) current observed in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons, we constructed a conductance‐based model that can mimic the electrical properties obtained in electrophysiological recordings of rat brain slices. In the model, blocking the HCN current resulted in a reduction of spontaneous firing rate and a change in the properties of autonomous pacemaking. In addition, reduced one‐dimensional phase equations and their coupled oscillators were analyzed. The analysis indicated that HCN channels can regulate the extent of synchronization of coupled dopaminergic neurons through gap–junction connections. Thus, the HCN current can effectively shape the autonomous and cooperative firing of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The membrane‐proximal domain of A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is responsible for recognition of the interleukin‐6 receptor and interleukin‐1 receptor II
Authors: Lorenzen Inken , Lokau Juliane , Düsterhöft Stefan , Trad Ahmad , Garbers Christoph , Scheller Jürgen , Rose-John Stefan , Grötzinger Joachim
Published: March 2012

IL‐6R
physically interacts with
ADAM17
by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (
View interaction
)
ADAM17
physically interacts with
IL‐1RII
by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (
View interaction
)
A new function of ROD1 in nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay
Authors: Brazão T.F. , Demmers J. , van IJcken W. , Strouboulis J. , Fornerod M. , Romão L. , Grosveld F.G.
Published: March 2012

ROD1
physically interacts with LOC100288473,
PTBP1
, LOC100291593,
RRP36
,
PCMT1
,
BBS9
,
FAM83H
,
ARHGEF17
,
VIPAR
, LOC100132738,
PTBP2
,
SACS
,
KBTBD5
,
GPR98
,
hnRNP F
,
OTUD4
,
CAMSAP1L1
,
C16ORF48
,
FAM64A
,
SCN3A
,
IQGAP3
,
ZMAT5
,
TEX15
,
NOL8
,
RBM4
,
snRNP48
,
TMEM33
,
UNC45A
,
OGT
,
DIAPH3
,
CDK17
,
LARS
,
FAM83D
,
TMTC2
,
HSPA1A
,
PCM1
,
CSNK1A1
,
PHF5A
,
CCDC77
,
PLECTIN
,
SETX
,
HSPB1
,
HuR
,
NARF
,
MYH2
,
HSP90AA1
,
HLTF
,
GSK3b
,
CDC42
,
MAGOH
,
TRIM21
,
UPF1
,
RBMS1
,
ERI1
,
CROCC
,
CSNK1D
,
CTNNA1
,
AIMP2
,
VPS33B
,
FLII
,
CTNNB1
,
eIF4G2
,
APC
,
TCF20
,
CYCLIN T1
,
HIRA
,
BACH1
,
XRCC6
,
HMMR
,
RPL9
,
HSD17B4
,
MAP2
,
hnRNP H1
,
GRIA4
,
FRG1
,
HistH1e
,
MSH6
,
CELF2
,
CELF1
,
MYBbp1A
,
CLASP2
,
STIP1
,
GIPC1
,
SF3a1
,
CSNK1E
,
CDC14A
,
PPIH
,
RBM14
,
DYNLL2
,
RALY
,
PUF60
,
TRIM33
,
SF3b1
,
TARDBP
,
PAPD7
,
SF3b2
,
LRRFIP2
,
SUPT16H
,
FAM110B
,
hnRNP Ul1
,
KIAA1543
,
AXIN1
,
RNP1
,
HERC1
,
BANF1
,
XRCC5
,
XPC
,
FYTTD1
,
PDCD7
,
TAF15
,
YWHAH
,
RB1CC1
,
MATR3
,
SRRM1
,
SFRS14
,
LAGE3
,
XIRP1
,
ARHGEF2
,
PRPF3
,
PUM1
and
IQCB1
by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction)