bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plain Language in Law in Hungary
Authors: Vinnai Edina
Published: January 2020

Plain language movement has a long history and has achieved significant changes in the USA and in many European countries. However, the situation is not as good as that in Hungary, especially in the field of law. As a researcher in two empirical “law and language” projects in Hungary since 2000, the author presents her experiences gained during preparing and analysing tape recordings of police interrogations and court hearings as regards comprehension of legal language. The paper focuses especially on the understandability of providing information on the rights and obligations of laymen in legal procedures given by legal professionals. It also summarizes the recent changes in Hungarian legal regulations providing a better understanding of rights and obligations (partly based on the 2012/13/ EU Directive on the right to information in criminal proceedings). As regards the practice of adjudication, the paper compares the way of providing information to laymen before and after the modification of legal norms. Two positive examples can be mentioned: (1) a few years ago, a group of legal and linguistic experts prepared a so-called Stylebook with recommendations to improve the structure and wordings of court verdicts, and (2) within the framework of a project called The Year of Comprehensibility at Courts, 2017 the improvement of comprehensible communication was integrated into an obligatory training for judges.
Some Aspects of Language Planning in the Scandinavian Countries.
Authors: Kelemen Attila
Published: January 2020

The present study deals with language planning and language policy in the Scandinavian countries and aims to sketch their peculiarities. The investigation is both diachronic und synchronic, using the historical-comparative method and making use of the research results of linguistic disciplines as language history, sociolinguistics, etc. Language planning and language policy in the Scandinavian countries are very powerful. In spite of the strong resemblances between the Scandinavian languages and the strong pan-Scandinavian tendencies, the language planning and the linguistic policy of each individual Scandinavian country show differing tendencies. Most consequently, language planning is carried out in Iceland. In Icelandic, purism has gone the furthest. Danish is the most conservative language, but it is also most tolerant towards the foreign words.
Fabrication and Characterisation of ZnO Thin Film by Sol–Gel Technique
Authors: Benramache Said
Published: January 2020

We investigated the structural and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film as the n-type semiconductor. In this work, the sol–gel method used to fabricate ZnO thin film on glass substrate with 0.5 mol/l of zinc acetate dehydrates. The crystals quality of the thin film analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the optical transmittance was carried out by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The DRX analyses indicated that ZnO film have polycrystalline nature and hexagonal wurtzite structure with (002) preferential orientation and the measured average crystallite size of ZnO of 207.9 nm. The thin film exhibit average optical transparency about 90 %, in the visible region, found that optical band gap energy was 3.282 eV, the Urbach energy also was calculated from optical transmittance to optimal value is 196.7 meV.
Analytical formulas and measurement technique for the built-in potential of practical semiconductor junctions
Authors: Cristea Miron
Published: January 2020

Based on Gauss’ law for the electric field, new formulas were deduced, that enable for the first time the writing of an analytical formula of the built-in potential of implanted and diffused semiconductor junctions. Consequently, in this work is devised a measurement technique for the built-in potential of such junctions. Such measurement is useful because new semiconductor materials besides silicon are more and more used today, like silicon-carbide (SiC) and gallium-nitride (GaN), which have larger bandgap and junction built-in potential. Finding the built-in potential helps adjusting the computer assisted design (CAD) tools and validates the simulation of such wide-bandgap devices.
The current status of orchard meadows in Central Europe: Multi-source area estimation in Saxony (Germany) and the Czech Republic
Authors: Forejt Michal , Syrbe Ralf-Uwe
Published: January 2020

Orchard meadows are appreciated as an integrated land use of high cultural and biological value. While such meadows are typical habitats for temperate Europe, they experienced a decline in their total area during the second half of the 20th century, both in Western and Eastern Europe. In this contribution, we compare their current area and status in terms of semantics, law, public support in general, and the efficiency of public support in both Saxony and the Czech Republic. We estimated the area in Saxony on the basis of three public mapping projects. In the Czech Republic, where no recent mapping included orchard meadows as a specific land-use type, we carried out our own mapping. Hence, we mapped 124 randomly selected plots of 1 km2. To cross-reference results from both countries, we used the pan-EU project LUCAS (Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey). According to various different sources, the orchard meadows cover 0.09–0.55% of Saxony and 0.01–0.72% of the Czech Republic. Interestingly, the results of the three mapping projects conducted in Saxony vary from each other. Although orchard meadows are supported by financial incentives of the respective governments in both countries, the Saxon approach concentrating more on individual activities (sanitation of old trees, planting, grassland management), seems more focused than the single measure practised in the Czech Republic. One key to a greater public awareness of the orchard meadow problematic can lie in the promotion of a simple expression referring to this specific landscape feature in Czech, similar to the phrase common in the German language: ‘Streuobstwiese’. Our suggestion for the Czech language is: ‘luční sad’.
Coastal Processes and Longshore Sediment Transport along Zemmouri Bay, Central East Coast of Algeria
Authors: Mezouar Khoudir , Ciortan Romeo
Published: January 2020

The coastline of Zemmouri Bay on the northeast coast of Algeria with about 50 km of shoreline has been eroding since 1970. Changes of the sandy shoreline are continuous and occur at diverse spatial and temporal scales. This erosion is a major crisis and it potentially impacts the coastal population and natural environment. In order to understand and predict these morphological changes, an accurate description of sediment transport by waves and currents and shoreline change is important. This paper presents a comprehensive study of wave refraction, current-driven sediment transport and shoreline change. Results show that the study area exhibits a great variety of shoreline evolution trends, with erosion prevailing in the eastern and central sectors and stability or even accretion in the Western area.
Integrated Management - a Basic Component for Building a Quality System in Construction
Authors: Nicolae Postavaru , Gabriela Draghici , Michelle Boiagian Harry
Published: January 2020

From ancient times, mankind needed organization and coordination to be able to carry out its projects. Thus, over time, as requirements grew larger, it naturally emerged the necessity, development and improvement, of the skills of manager, coordinator, of a project team.

The paper develops the integrated management concept and tries to apply it for quality system management in construction.

This paper uses the method of the synthesis of the studied documents to demonstrate the necessity to implement integrated management.
Projects to Reduce the Coastal Erosion of the Romanian Black Sea Area
Authors: Stan Mari-Isabella , Aivaz Kamer-Ainur , Ionițiu Ionela
Published: January 2020

The entire Romanian Black Sea coastline is subject to erosion under the conditions of coastal dynamics changing. The problem the Romanian coastal area is facing is the accelerated number of conflicts between coastal development and coastal erosion. The purpose of this article is to present the projects realized and proposed for the protection and rehabilitation of the Romanian coastal area. The implementation of projects from non-reimbursable European funds to reduce erosion in the coastal area of the Romanian Black Sea coast aims to protect and improve the quality of the environment and the standard of living.
Why Micro and Small Family Enterprises Do Not Borrow from Microcredit Institutions? A Case Study in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Augendra Bhukuth , Bernard Terrany , Ani Wulandari
Published: January 2020

It is assumed that MSMEs growth is limited due to lack of access to the financial markets, therefore MFIs play a role to refine such market imperfection. This paper aims to examine this assumption. A qualitative approach is used to obtain information from MSMEs and MFIs. Eight enterprises and three MFIs; two of them are cooperatives and one government microfinance agency are studied. There is a high demand for credit whereas not all the demand is satisfied mainly those family businesses involved in the informal sector. The main findings exhibit that even when MFIs credit is at disposal, formal and informal MSMEs prefer to draw a loan from Informal Financial Institutions (IFIs) because the market is more flexible than the MFIs which embrace the same strategies as commercial banks.
Dimensions of National Culture – Cross-cultural Theories
Authors: Carolina Țîmbalari
Published: January 2020

Over the past three decades, after Hofstede presented his proposal about cultural differences, many authors have presented their dimensions of national culture. The aim of this article is to give a synthesis of the proposal from significant authors and show a set of models of cultural dimensions based on theoretical and pragmatic analysis such as models of Hofstede, Trompenaars, GLOBE, Inglehart, Schartz. Also, examples used in this paper help more to understand the importance of research national culture.
Good Practices for Improving Promotion and Sales for Romanian Ecological Agricultural Products
Authors: Hanganu Irina , Fleşeriu Cristina
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, life is an uninterrupted discovery. The consumers tend to have a healthier lifestyle, with a diet that has optimal nutritional values, to maintain their health, in harmony with the nature and the environment. Thus, marketing is selling dreams, impressions, perceptions, creating the opportunity to live through a unique experience, to help the customers write their own story, not just to satisfy them. The main objective of this research is to find ways to support promotion and sales of ecological producers in agriculture. Producers offer high quality products, with no artificial additives and contribute to the protection of the biodiversity and the environment, and implicitly of our health. The exploratory research represents the main purpose of this paper. Starting from the analysis of the literature review related with ecological agricultural market, the evolution of the customer’s behavior and the identification of the components of the promotional mix, an overview is established. The in depth interviews and the analysis of international models show that informing the producers regarding the consumer’s dynamic needs (product diversity and freshness, adaptability to the market demand, online orders, home delivery, the client feedback, the possibility to return goods, to process their own products etc.), openness to associations and collaborations on horizontal and vertical axes, communication and information campaigns, the multi-functionality of farms, proactive promoting, creating a cluster structure are among the key factors to improve sales and promotion.
Trade-Off Between Liquidity and Profitability: An Empirical Study of Pharmaceutical Sector in the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Hristova Snezhana , Stevcevska-Srbinoska Dusica , Mileva Ivona , Zafirova Angela
Published: January 2020

The relationship between liquidity and profitability is one of the most interesting topics in the corporate finance research. Having in mind that the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most competitive sectors globally and that its substantial investments in research and development make this industry a key asset for a country’s economic well-being, this paper examines the liquidity-profitability trade off in pharmaceutical sector of RNM. The empirical research engages the secondary annual financial report data of the two pharmaceutical companies listed on Macedonian Stock Exchange (MSE) over the period from 2006-2016. Current ratio (CR), quick ratio (QR) and cash ratio (CAR) were used as measures of liquidity while return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) were used to measure profitability as a dependent variable. The statistical tests used to evaluate the effects of liquidity on profitability involved descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The findings suggest that there is no significant relationship between profitability and liquidity determinants of the listed North Macedonian pharmaceutical firms. Regarding practical implications, these findings can help managers overcome dilemmas with respect to the liquidity and profitability tradeoff. Furthermore, this study contributes to the existing research base in this field and represents one of the pioneer attempts in the case of RNM. The results gained from the research are very important for companies themselves, but they can also serve as a starting point for future research to eliminate financial and other corporate issues related to the relationship between profitability and liquidity determinants.
The Interpretation of Industry 4.0 by Hungarian Technology-Oriented Startups
Authors: Halmosi Peter
Published: January 2020

Technology-oriented startups are valued participants of the economy in the 21st century. By inventing and bringing new technologies to the market, this sector supports not only the growth of competitiveness in the corporate sector but that of the standard of living as well. These companies reinterpret the meaning of enterprise by building new functional business strategies, collaborations and business models. As of changing production sequences, conditions of business activity will change together. In the near future, not only the activity of organisations but of technology and business platforms, networks shall be controlled and developed along the value production chain. As attitude to customers will undergo serious changes, the meaning of team working will also be reinterpreted. The carrier of changes will be the Industry 4.0 framework. Due to this, information technology will not exclusively support business but establish new business value by utilizing companies’ tools and resources. The aim of this paper is to present by a recent survey the attitude of Hungarian technology-oriented startups to the changing business environment in the era of Industry 4.0 which can already be observed in many sectors. The author of this paper believes that technology-oriented startups may take serious role in Europe to fight against low wage countries in the world.
Heavy Metal Concentration in Eight Fish Species from Epe Lagoon (Nigeria)
Authors: Taiwo Iyabode Olusola , Olopade Olaniyi Alaba , Bamidele Nathanael Akinsafe
Published: January 2020

This research was undertaken to find out the levels of five heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in the muscles of eight fish species from Epe Lagoon. The levels of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after digestion of the samples using Kjldahl heating digester. The heavy metal concentrations among the fish species were statistically dissimilar (P < 0.5). The heavy metals of Pb, Fe, and Mn were above the FAO/WHO agreeable limits for human consumption.
The Distribution of the Alien Species Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 (Decapoda, Penaeidae) in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Özcan Tahir , Ateş Abdullah Suat , Özcan Gülnaz
Published: January 2020

The present paper is based on the literature review and the recent information about the distribution range of the alien brown shrimp Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 in the Mediterranean Sea. This alien species has spread throughout the Mediterranean Sea (especially the eastern part) mainly through ship/ballast water introductions and has presently been reported by eight countries (27 localities). Introduction pathways and chronological distribution patterns of the alien brown shrimp species are discussed. Penaeus aztecus forms dense populations along the coast of the Turkish Mediterranean Sea, and it has a potential for colonising the native habitats of autochthonous species.
Using Dynamic Light Scattering for Monitoring the Size of the Suspended Particles in Wastewater
Authors: Chicea Dan , Rei Silviu Mihai
Published: January 2020

A coherent light scattering experiment on wastewater samples extracted from several stages of water processing within a wastewater processing plant was carried out. The samples were allowed to sediment while they were the subject of a Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurement. The recorded time series were processed using an Artificial Neural Network based DLS procedure to produce the average diameter of the particles in suspension. The method, using a single physical procedure for monitoring the variation of the average diameter in time, indicates the dominant type of suspensions in water.
Delegation of Governor Regulation in Ensuring Utility and Justice
Authors: Astariyani Ni Luh Gede , Wairocana I Gusti Ngurah
Published: January 2020

Delegation means delegation of authority to make Law and Regulations. Article 246 paragraph (1) of Act No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government stipulates that “to implement the Regional Regulation or over the power of Law and Regulations, the Head of Region shall pass the Head of Region Regulation.” The words "implement" and "over the power" which contains ambiguity of command cause philosophical problem related to the validity value. It becomes a sociological problem if such delegation cannot predict the dynamics of society. Furthermore, it becomes a juridical problem due to the existence of vague norm which creates multi interpretation which could potentially miss the aim of delegation of regulation. Specifically, this article has specific aims to examine philosophically concerning the need for delegations of authority to regulate, examine and find the direction of regulation in the delegation of regulation to governor regulation in ensuring utility and justice. This is a normative legal research with literature study which employs statute, philosophy, theories, conceptual and contextual approaches. The study so that with regard to the philosophical basis, delegation of regulation to Governor Regulation is needed to formulate technical and detail norms, the urgent factor contained herein as well as brief discussion and The direction of regulation to the Governor Regulation in the Regional Government Act to implement Regional Regulation or over the power of law and regulations. Such direction is based on command from the higher law and regulations, or established based on delegation.
Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Terhadap Pemenuhan Upah Pekerja dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Pailit
Authors: Puspita Sari Iustika , Yunus Ahyuni
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analyze the problems of the Company's Responsibility towards Fulfilling the Wages of Employees in the Bankruptcy Boedel Delivery Process; And to find out the factors that inhibit the prior rights of fulfilling the wages of workers in the process of bankruptcy in Boedel. The study used the Normative-Empirical Legal Research method. The Results of the Study Show That: First: The Responsibility of the Company for the Fulfillment of Workers' Rights in the Process of Bankruptcy Boedel Giving Based on the Emergence of Rights and Obligations Between Entrepreneurs and Workers Poured in Work Agreements as Strong Engagement for the Fulfillment of Rights and Obligations (Achievements ) Each Party. Legal Protection of Workers' Rights in the Process of Bankruptcy Boedel Giving Can Be Taken Through 3 (Three) Ways, Namely: 1. Strengthening the Position of the Priority Rights of the Workers / Laborers in the Law, Especially the Bank Law; Second: Factors that Inhibit the Priority Rights of Fulfillment of Workers' Rights in the Process of Bankruptcy Boedel Giving Is Weak Supervision, Absence of Sanction Enforcement and Lack of Transparency in the Process of Bankruptcy of Boedel Companies

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Terhadap Pemenuhan Upah Pekerja Dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Pailit; Serta Untuk Mengetahui Faktor Yang Menghambat Hak Mendahulu Pemenuhan Upah Pekerja Dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Pailit. Penelitian menggunakan metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif-Empiris. Hasil Penelitian Menunjukkan Bahwa:  Pertama: Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Terhadap Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Pekerja  dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Pailit Adalah Berdasar Pada Timbulnya Hak Dan Kewajiban Antara Pengusaha Dan Pekerja Yang Dituangkan Dalam Perjanjian Kerja Sebagai Perikatan Yang Kuat Untuk Pemenuhan Hak Dan Kewajiban (Prestasi) Masing-Masing Pihak. Perlindungan Hukum Atas Hak-Hak Pekerja (Buruh) Dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Pailit Dapat Ditempuh Melalui 3 (Tiga) Cara, Yakni: 1. Mempertegas Kedudukan Hak Mendahulu Pihak Pekerja/Buruh Dalam Undang-Undang, Khususnya Undang-Undang Kepailtan; Kedua: Faktor Yang Menghambat Hak Mendahulu Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Pekerja (Buruh) Dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Pailit Adalah Lemahnya Pengawasan, Tidak Adanya Penegakan Sanksi Serta Kurangnya Transparansi Dalam Proses Pemberesan Boedel Perusahaan Pailit.
Pembuatan Film Wisata Sebagai Media Promosi Pariwisata di Desa Rumah Galuh Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Sinulingga Samerdanta , Pardosi Jhonson , Bangun Nur Cahaya , Siahaan Hotlan
Published: January 2020

Film and tourism during the 4.0 industrial revolution now have a strategic positioning in attracting tourist visits. Because the film is able to exert a powerful influence on tourist visits, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy then carries out a program that closely targets millennials as a tourist market target with the slogan 'instagramable'. Herein lies the power of film in attracting tourist visits that can be a solution for all tourist areas in Indonesia, especially for Rumah Galuh Village. At the beginning of the pioneering natural tourism in this village, the film had an extraordinary impact on the number of tourist visits. In 2016 until now, the number of tourist visits has increasingly declined. Based on these problems, research on making tourist films as promotional media is expected to be a useful breakthrough. This study uses the science of phenomenology, participant observation techniques, with data analysis: (1) data reduction; (2) data presentation; and (3) drawing conclusions / verification. The making of tourism films in this study uses 2 theories, a secondary theory, namely: the theory of film making with 3 working indicators: pre-production, production and post-production of films, while the primary theory is: film theory as a tourism promotion media with 4 working indicators: color , features, properties and ratios. The results of the application of the seven working indicators of the theory produce a true tourism film as a tourism promotion media. For our next research we recommend the effect or impact caused by the tourist film on the flow of tourist visits to these tourist destinations.

Keywords: Tourism Films Making, Tourism Films as Promotional Media.
Zimmermannshandwerk vor 460 Jahren - Der Abbund eines Mehrreihen-Ständerbaus in Ramlinsburg. Schriften der Archäologie Baselland Band 53
Authors: Steinmann Jakob
Published: January 2020

Die Baselbieter Landschaft ist reich an Gebäuden, die erst im Laufe vieler Generationen ihr heutiges Aussehen erhalten haben. Die ältesten Häuser sind im Kern 500 oder mehr Jahre alt. Dank systematischer Bauforschung wird allmählich erkennbar, wie die Menschen in früheren Jahrhunderten gelebt und die Ortschaften im Laufe der Zeit ihr Gesicht verändert haben.
Doch wie wurden diese Bauten erstellt? Wie hat man sich beispielsweise die Aufrichtung der beeindruckenden Hochstudkonstruktionen vorzustellen? In Ramlinsburg steht ein Haus, das viele dieser Fragen beantworten kann. Ein Fehler beim Abbund und die anschliessenden Korrekturen erlauben einmalige Einblicke in die faszinierende Logik und Effizienz der Zimmerleute vor 460 Jahren.
Errichtet wurde das Haus am Gassenbrunnen in den Jahren 1555/56. Konzipiert als Holzbau, besass es wohl als Konsequenz aus dem Missgeschick seit Beginn einen gemauerten Wohnteil. Dessen Aufstockung 1713–1715 und eine Erweiterung vor 1807 ermöglichten die Unterbringung zweier Wohnparteien und von Bandwebstühlen für die Posamenterei. Die Renovierung des Ökonomieteils folgte 1778/79. In dieser Form repräsentiert das Haus damit beispielhaft ein Stück Kulturgeschichte des ländlichen Baselbiets.
Die letzten Wildbeuter der Eiszeit - Neue Forschungen zum Spätpaläolithikum im Kanton Basel-Landschaft
Authors: Sedlmeier Jürg
Published: January 2020

Vor 14600 bis 11600 Jahren, gegen Ende der Eiszeit, lebten die Menschen in der Region unter allmählich sich bessernden Umweltbedingungen. Ihre vielfältige Nutzung der natürlichen Ressourcen hinterliess Spuren im Boden. Jüngste Entdeckungen, aber auch Forschungen, die bis ins Jahr 1910 zurückreichen, lassen die letzte eiszeitliche Epoche in einem neuen Licht erscheinen. Die aktuellen Forschungsergebnisse zu fünf Fundstellen des Birstals und seiner Umgebung übertrafen die anfänglichen Erwartungen bei weitem.Die Tätigkeiten der nomadisierenden spätpaläolithischen Jäger und Sammler, ihre regionalen und überregionalen Kontakte sowie ihre Aufenthalte lassen sich nun besser fassen. Mit modernsten Methoden ausgewertete Boden- und Pollenproben sowie Analysen von Tierknochen geben Auskunft über die damaligen klimatischen und landschaftlichen Verhältnisse. Die Erkenntnisse strahlen über die Nordwestschweiz hinaus und eröffnen neue Deutungsmöglichkeiten für die Begehungen des schweizerischen Mittellandes und des Voralpenraums am Ende der Altsteinzeit.Synthesen nach jedem Kapitel und ein ausführliches Fazit, alles auch in französischer Übersetzung, machen das reich illustrierte Buch zur spannenden Lektüre für Fachleute und interessierte Laien.
WHAT’S IN A NAME? “HOLISTIC,” INTEGRATIVE,” AND “INTEGRATED” ENGINEERING EDUCATION THROUGH THE LENS OF FINK’S TAXONOMY
Authors: Rodrigues Renato A. B.
Published: January 2020

Some educators within engineering have used "holistic," "integrative" and "integrated" frameworks to support their initiatives. They intend to improve the connection between engineering courses, non-technical disciplines and aspects of human dimensions. The problem is that the vocabulary for these frameworks is not wholly shared, and their definitions are usually interchangeable. Associating these terms with their level of integration will facilitate communication between educators. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore what definitions authors give to the terms "holistic," "integrative" and "integrated" when used as frameworks, and to analyze their level of integration when compared to Fink's taxonomy. The conclusion was that "holistic" tended to incorporate most aspects of Fink’s taxonomy, "integrative" was more concerned with the integration of interdisciplinary knowledge, and "integrated" approaches were more focused on connecting the courses within engineering.
WHAT RESEARCH AND EVALUATION METHODS HAVE BEEN USED TO STUDY COGNITIVE AND NON-COGNITIVE FACTORS IN STUDENT TRANSITION BETWEEN HIGH SCHOOL AND FIRST YEAR POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION?
Authors: Cao Sheng Lun (Christine) , Rangelova Elena , Paul Robyn
Published: January 2020

Students undergoing post-secondary transition are impacted by cognitive and non-cognitive factors. This paper will review available literature on the factors, which affect students during the post-secondary transition and perform a comparative analysis to compare and summarize what research and evaluation methods are used in these studies. The research methodologies described in each study are scrutinized, and details in the methodology used are tabulated and compared. Non-cognitive studies generally prefer medium-sized (N=100 to 500) samples, assessed with numerically-scored pre-established questionnaires, whereas cognitive studies do not show a specific sample size or assessment preferences. However, cognitive studies are shown to employ a wide range of data analysis techniques, whereas non-cognitive studies heavily prefer statistical analysis only. A proposed framework is extracted to describe the preferred research methodologies for investigations into cognitive and non-cognitive factors.
Using Data Acquired from Learning Management Systems to Predict Examination Results
Authors: Lavoie Francis B. , Proulx Pierre , Gosselin Ryan
Published: January 2020

This work presents a novel learning management system (LMS), named Catalyseur, which allows the instructors to easily visualize which lessons and exercises allowed the students to better perform at an examination. This LMS feature is based on a regression methodology calculating easy-to-analyze models and being able to fit dynamic relationships. These models are calculated automatically and only require as human input to upload the student results at an examination.
“MEET THEM WHERE THEY’RE AT”: GATHERING INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY TO ENGINEERING TRANSFER IN CANADA
Authors: Smith Hannah , Mulligan Nerissa , Frank Brian , Downie Alexandra , Gholami Roxanna
Published: January 2020

This paper presents an investigation to determine the state of Canadian engineering transfer pathways and programs, how they were developed, and how to develop future large-scale transfer pathways. Technology to engineering pathways disproportionately improve access to engineering degrees for visible minorities, with some students relying on transfer as a pathway to a baccalaureate degree. However, there is no province-wide pathway in Ontario’s higher education system, so efficient transfer to engineering happens in a very a limited number of programs. To understand the system, a qualitative research study was developed that used semi-structured interviews with 15 institutions or groups with existing or attempted engineering transfer pathways. Results indicate that there are four factors differentiating existing pathways: timeline, structure, development, and scale. New partnerships should consider communication, collaboration, consideration of students and other institutions, and accreditation concerns as paramount in the success of proposed pathways, while lack of sustained institutional commitment, maintenance of programs, knowledge dissemination, and capacity may present challenges.
Profesionālā ētika un policijas operatīvā darbība: vai pastāv kompromiss?
Authors: Matvejevs Aleksandrs
Published: January 2020

Rakstā ir aplūkotas policijas operatīvās darbības morālās un ētiskās problēmas. Pamatojoties uz publikāciju analīzi, kas veltīta morālajiem un ētiskajiem aspektiem, un policijas operatīvās darbības praksi, var secināt, ka pastāv dažādi viedokļi (arī pretēji) un morāla rakstura spriedumi par jēdzieniem “meli”, “maldināšana” un “nodevība”. Ja daži nepietiekami pieredzējuši vai nepietiekami kvalificēti kriminālpolicijas darbinieki reizēm rīkojas neētiski, tas nenozīmē, ka operatīvā darbība ir neētiska un amorāla.  Atbilstīgi formālajai loģikai tiesību aktā paredzētā operatīvā darbība ir morāla jau tāpēc vien, ka tiesību akts ir visaugstākais sabiedrības morāles veids. Svarīgākais secinājums – viedoklis, ka operatīvās darbības pilnībā atbilst morāles principiem un ētikas normām, vērtējams kā pārāk vienkāršota pieeja. Tādēļ nepieciešams plašāk izpētīt operatīvās darbības morāles un ētiskos aspektus.

The article addresses moral and ethical problems of police investigative activities. Based on analysis of publications devoted to moral and ethical aspects of the legal activity and practice of the police investigation agencies’ functioning, the author has concluded that there are opposing views, opinions and moral judgments regarding such concepts as lie, deception, and betrayal. If some under-experienced or unqualified criminal police officers allow unethical behavior, this does not mean that the investigative activity is unethical and immoral. The author has concluded that, from a formal logical point of view, the operative action envisaged by the act is already moral, because the act is the highest form of public morality.
Diagnóstico e conduta no espessamento endometrial e pólipo endometrial em mulheres na pós-menopausa: Revisão Narrativa
Authors: Carvalho Aline Maria Freire , Santos Graciete Helena Nascimento dos , Carvalho Maria Tereza Freire , Dias Eduardo Moreira , Cunha Naylanny Gonçalves Torres
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre método diagnóstico e conduta no espessamento e pólipo endometrial em mulheres na pós-menopausa. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura narrativa conduzida nas bases de dados eletrônicas Pubmed; utilizando o termo “Endometrial polyps” (pólipos endometriais), “Endometrial thickening” (espessamento endometrial) combinado com: “Post menopausal” (Pós-menopausa) e “management” (conduta/manejo). Para a seleção e avaliação dos artigos científicos foram estabelecidos critérios como: idiomas (português, inglês), período da publicação (2010 a 2019) e correlação com o tema do estudo proposto. Inicialmente foram encontradas 825 publicações, resultando em 19 artigos selecionados com base nos critérios de elegibilidade. O estudo não necessitou passar pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Discussão: Estudos apontam uma tendência conservadora no manejo de pólipos endometriais assintomáticos em mulheres com baixo risco de malignização e indicação cirúrgica nas pacientes com fatores de risco, propondo o tratamento individualizado das pacientes. Conclusão: aumento da espessura endometrial em mulheres pós-menopáusicas com ou sem AUB é principalmente devido a lesões benignas, como pólipos e miomas submucosos.  Histeroscopia é um método seguro e confiável para avaliar e tratar essas lesões.  Há uma tendência atual de indicação de gestão individualizada para essas pacientes, devendo con as características de cada caso.

DESCRITORES: Espessamento endometrial, Pólipo endometrial, Pós-menopausa
Práticas de gestantes soropositivas para HIV sobre o autocuidado: Construção de Tecnologia Educacional em Saúde
Authors: Serrão Jeane Rodrigues Miranda , Peixoto Ivonete Vieira Pereira , Cristina Lisboa do Nascimento Camilla , Serrão Analu Miranda , Abreu Pamplona Monica Custodia
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Construir uma tecnologia educacional em saúde para gestantes soropositivas para HIV. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, do tipo pesquisa participante. Participaram do grupo focal 10 gestantes com HIV. Após a dinâmica do grupo focal, foram analisados os depoimentos das mesmas e construído uma tecnologia educacional contendo os principais questionamentos das participantes e respostas com referencias de estudos realizados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Resultados: Com a metodologia realizada, foi possível construir como produto um vídeo educativo denominado “A gravidez em mulheres com HIV: vamos falar sobre?”. Sobre os questionamentos delas, foi possível destacar que elas não sabiam como realizar o autocuidado de forma correta e que apresentam medo perante o estigma contido na doença. Conclusão: A elaboração de ferramentas educacionais se apresenta como forma de sanear dúvidas e apresenta-se como forma de aumento de vínculo entre o profissional e a usuária.
Febre amarela: avanços e retrocessos desde as primeiras referências da doença às epidemias atuais
Authors: Alcântara Andréia Michelle Alves Cunha de , Barros Ivan de Alcântara Barbosa , Alcântara Egídio Augusto Cunha Pereira de , Barros Ivan Barbosa , Moura Rosemery Batista , Maia Maria de Mascena Diniz , Souza Paulo Roberto Eleutério de
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura com os principais teores referentes à infecção pelo vírus da febre amarela: registros históricos e epidemiológicos, virologia, transmissão, aspectos clínicos, diagnóstico, tratamento e profilaxia, associando-os aos avanços e retrocessos no combate à doença no Brasil. Metodologia: A revisão fundamentou-se em artigos das bases on line National Center for Biotechnology, (NCBI Pubmed) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), entre 1928-2016 e nas plataformas governamentais BRASIL, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e World Health Organization ( WHO), entre 2010-2019. Resultados: os episódios de febre amarela (FA) em humanos no país, após 1942, sobretudo nos últimos anos 2017-2018, decorreram do ciclo silvestre e sugerem uma relação direta com degradação e tragédias ambientais. Também, episódios de FA silvestre em humanos, somados ao retorno do vetor urbano e falhas na cobertura vacinal nacional, inferem uma ameaça de reurbanização da doença. Considerações finais: Dada a importância da FA para a saúde pública no Brasil, faz-se necessário o implemento de ações imediatas e a longo prazo. Imediata, com a ampliação da cobertura vacinal gratuita nacional em quantidade suficiente para evitar surtos; e em longo prazo, a implementação de políticas públicas direcionadas a preservação ambiental e ao controle vetorial urbano.
A Atenção Primária como parte integrante da rede de atendimento as Urgências e Emergências: à luz da literatura
Authors: Freitas Taysa Cristina Cardoso , Ferreira Moreira Glenda Gicélia , Aquino Johnny Marques , Lacerda Karla Priscila  Cardoso , Da Silva Reinaldo , Araújo de Jesus Amanda Poliana Goveia , Fonseca Ana Cláudia Santos , Gonçalves Karine Barbosa , Botelho Aline Soares , Gonçalves Mirielle Dias
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Identificar a atuação dos profissionais da atenção primária a saúde frente as urgências e emergências à luz da revisão integrativa da literatura. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura cuja busca de publicações foi realizada nos meses de outubro e novembro de 2019 nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), no corte temporal de 2013 a 2017. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo, 4 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A partir da análise dos artigos observou-se que o maior número de publicações em revistas de saúde publica, no ano de 2016 com enfase em estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Considerações finais: Para que a atenção básica seja participante e atuante efetiva na rede de urgências, cabe aos gestores a inclusão deste tema em conferências municipais de saúde e treinamento para que toda a equipe possa prestar um atendimento efetivo ao usuário em situação de urgência e emergência.
Variance of Atomic Coordinates as a Dynamical Metric to Distinguish Proteins and Protein-Protein Interactions in Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Paul Sanjoy , Ainavarapu Sri Rama Koti , Venkatramani Ravindra
Published: January 2020

In this manuscript, we introduce the Cumulative Variance of Coordinate Fluctuations (CVCF) along atomistic MD trajectories, as a dynamical metric to examine protein dynamics and sampling convergence in MD simulations. Using model 1D and 2D PES, we first show that CVCF, which traces over the fluctuations of protein atoms as a function of sampling coordinate (time in MD simulations), captures both local and global equilibria to distinguish the underlying PES of proteins. For both model PES and protein trajectories, we compare the information content present in CVCF traces with that obtained using other measures proposed in literature to reveal conditions under which a consistent interpretation of data can be obtained. Importantly, we show that independent of convergence to either local or global equilibrium, the values and features of protein CVCF can provide a comparative assessment of the ruggedness and curvature of the underlying PES sampled by proteins along MD trajectories. Trends in CVCF therefore enable us to compare features of the PES across multiple protein systems using MD simulations. We demonstrate some of the attractive features of a CVCF based analysis on multi-microsecond (ms) MD trajectories of structurally homologous ubiquitin family proteins which present a particularly striking example in nature wherein sequence changes and complexation which do not lead to prominent structural changes bring about dramatic functional consequences.
Can 3D Electron Diffraction Provide Accurate Atomic Structures of Metal-Organic Frameworks?
Authors: Huang Zhehao , ge meng , Carraro Francesco , Doonan Christian , falcaro paolo , Zou Xiaodong
Published: January 2020

Many framework materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or porous coordination polymers (PCPs) are synthesized as polycrystalline powders, which are too small for structure determination by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). Here, we show that a three-dimensional (3D) electron diffraction method, namely continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED), can be used for ab initio structure determination of such materials. As an example, we present a complete structural analysis of a biocomposite, denoted BSA@ZIF-C, where Bovin Serum Albumin (BSA) was encapsulated in a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF). Low electron dose was combined with ultrafast cRED data collection to minimize electron beam damage of the sample. We demonstrate that the atomic structure obtained by cRED is as reliable and accurate as that obtained by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The high accuracy and fast data collection open new opportunities for investigation of cooperative phenomena in framework structures at atomic level.
Highly Active Deficient Ternary Sulfide Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Haimei , Xia Yuguo , Li Haiping , Wang Xiang , Yu Yuan , Jiao Xiuling , Chen Dairong
Published: January 2020

The exploration of photoanode materials with high efficiency and stability is the eternal pursuit for the realization of practically solar-driven photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here we develop a novel deficient ternary metal sulfide (CdIn2S4) as photoanode, and its PEC performance is significantly enhanced by introducing surface S vacancies, achieving a photocurrent density of 5.73 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE and 1 Sun and an applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 2.49% at 0.477 V vs. RHE, which, to the best of our knowledge, are the record-high values for a single sulfide photon absorber to date. The experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations highlight the enhanced effect of surface S vacancies on the interfacial charge separation and transfer kinetics, and also demonstrate the restrained surface states distribution and the transformation of active sites after introducing surface S vacancies. This work may inspire more excellent work on developing sulfide-based photoanodes.
Conditional Copper-Catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition by Catalyst Encapsulation
Authors: Brevé Tobias , Filius Mike , Araman Can , Helm Michelle van der , Hagedoorn Peter-Leon , Joo Chirlmin , van Kasteren Sander I. , Eelkema Rienk
Published: January 2020

Supramolecular encapsulation is known to alter chemical properties of guest molecules. Here we apply this strategy of molecular encapsulation to temporally control the catalytic activity of a stable Cu(I)-carbene catalyst. Encapsulation of the Cu(I)-carbene catalyst by supramolecular host cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) resulted in the complete inactivation of a copper catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The addition of a chemical signal achieved the near instantaneous activation of the catalyst, by releasing the catalyst from the inhibited CB[7] catalyst complex. To broaden the scope of our on demand CuAAC reaction, we demonstrated the protein labelling of Vinculin using the Cu(I)-carbene catalyst, to inhibit its activity by encapsulation with CB[7], and to initiate labelling at any moment by adding a specific signal molecule.
A Review on Staphylococcus sp. and its pathogens
Authors: Nuha A. Al-Talib  , Maryam H. Abduljala  , Zahraa Mohammed Ali Hamodat
Published: January 2020

The genus Staphylococcus is an important microorganism because of its direct and dangerous impact on the lives of other organisms, and Alexander Ogaston was the first to release this designation in 1880 to denote spherical bacteria usually associated with pus in wound infections. The members of this species are found in various environments such as dust, water, air, feces, on the skin, and the mucous membranes of warm-blooded vertebrates, on clothing, and other places. Most species of this species live as natural flora on human skin and mucous membranes, but some are opportunistic pathologies. The species of staphylococcus is characterized by having several virulence factors that increase the efficacy and pathogenicity of its species on the occurrence of infection due to its possession of tequic acid and the adhesion factor and other factors that enable it to get rid of the host defenses as an enzyme (Staphylokinase) or enable it to invade and spread as an enzyme (Hyaluronidase). Its possession of cellular wall proteins, its formation of the capsule and the exogenous polysaccharides and its production of various types of extracellular enzymes and various toxins such as intestinal toxins fixed in the heat, secretion of immune system inhibitors and their containment of antibiotic resistance genes. It shows the total resistance to the degradation of lysozyme. Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to many antimicrobial agents and thus produces treatment problems. The sex of staphylococcus includes 36 species and 80 subtypes, where more is clarified From 20 types of staphylococcus aureus.
ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L. AND CYNODAN DACTYLON L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH RESPONSES OF SOME RICE CULTIVARS
Authors: D Kavitha
Published: January 2020

Weeds are enemies to the crop plants and have harmful effects on agricultural crops due to several factors such as competition for space, light and nutrients and allelopathy. In the present study,various concentrations (0,5,10,15,20 and 25%) of whole plant aqueous extractsof weeds, Cyperus rotundusL.( Purple nut sedge) and Cynodan dactylon(L.) Pers. (Bermuda grass) were tested for assessing their allelopathic potential on seed germination and seedling growth of some rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars i.e.ADT-36,BPT5204 and IR-20 using pot culture experiments. The experimental results revealed that all the concentrations of both the weed extracts had inhibition on germination percentage, seedling length, number of,dry weight and chlorophyll contents of 15 day old seedlings of all the three rice cultivars and the inhibitory effect of the extracts was concentration dependent. However, at 5% of C. rotundus and10% of C. dactylon extracts did notaffect seed germination of IR-20 . Among the rice cultivars,the higher degree of growth inhibition was observed in ADT-36followed by BPT-5204 and IR-20 . The weed C.rotundusexhibited more intense on growth suppression of rice cultivars thanC.dactylon.
BRYOPHYTES, THE IGNORED MEDICINAL HERBALS OF THE BIOLOGICAL WORLD - A SEARCH AT NEYYAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, TRIVANDRUM, KERALA
Authors: G.M Greeshma , G.S Manoj , Lawarence Bosco , K Murugan
Published: January 2020

Currently, the medicinal potential of bryophytes has received immense value in pharmaceutical industries and many phytochemicals have been isolated, characterized from this group. Native North Americans and Chinese are in forefront in bryological research compared to India. Traditional and ethnic uses of Indian bryophytes with description and illustration were seen in Hortus Malabaricus. Information about the medicinal use of bryophytes in terms of microbicidal, anti-inflammatory and antitumour are traced in developed countries. Despite, the long history of medicinal bryophytes used by tribal and local peoples their significant utilization in medicines is still scanty. Present report is an attempt to create awareness about this group of plants from Neyyar Wild Life sanctuary, Trivandrum, Kerala.