bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Coordinated Development of Secondary Vocational School Specialty Clusters and Industry Clusters: Citing Longgang No.2 Vocational and Technical School of Shenzhen as a Case Study
Authors: Huang Tingting , Wang Shihao
Published: September 2022

With the implementation of the state’s Plan of Constructing High-Level Vocational Schools and Specialties with Chinese Characteristics, the construction of specialty clusters has become a hot topic. They are critical tools for improving the educational quality of vocational schools by promoting vocational education transformation, upgrading, and innovation. To maximize the effectiveness of specialty cluster development in secondary vocational school curriculum reform, we must first identify the rationale for multi-agency involvement in the development of specialty clusters and then formulate action plans. This article examines the definitions and connotations of specialty clusters and discusses the contexts in which specialty clusters emerged. It examines strategies for developing specialty clusters using Shenzhen’s Longgang No. 2 Vocational and Technical School as an example.
Developing Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Entrepreneurship Mindsets
Authors: Cheung Alan C. K.
Published: September 2022

The demand for knowledge in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is expanding as the twenty-first century progresses. Growing K-12 STEM education has risen to the top of the priority list in many countries’ educational reform efforts. Typical contexts for giving scientific instructions should be designed around engineering design-based thematic activities rather than the other way around. Teachers’ responsibilities as designers of design-based thematic activities would also present them with numerous chances for professional development and advancement. It is claimed that introducing entrepreneurship ideas into the engineering curriculum results in improved student satisfaction, longer professional careers, and a shift in attitudes toward engineering difficulties. It allows students to enjoy themselves more and draws their attention to the possibility of self-employment.
Reflections on Education Groups at Basic Education Level in China
Authors: Zhu Hongqing
Published: September 2022

In the context of China’s education reform, the education group emerges as a new form of school organization designed to equalize access to high-quality educational resources. While this increasingly popular mode of school running has achieved notable results in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hangzhou, among other cities, there are concerns about the problems it engenders, such as severe homogenization and poor group management. The purpose of this paper is to examine the causes, outcomes, and problems of education groups and to propose solutions to existing problems, as well as to provide references for future school alliance development.
A Meaningful Experiment in Industry-School Partnership in Vocational Education
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqiao , Zhou Longjun
Published: September 2022

Worldwide, vocational education with an emphasis on industry has gained popularity. China’s rapid industrial change creates a demand for individuals with a breadth of skills rather than a tight focus on a single expertise. Vocational education equips students with practical knowledge, skills, and abilities, which helps business gain from timely collaboration between industry and academia.
The Hope of Positive Behavior Interventions and the School Climate
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqiao
Published: September 2022

Numerous factors influence educational success. Students’ learning performance and overall development are greatly influenced by their school environment. The term “school climate” refers to how instructors and students perceive the general atmosphere of the school based on their long-term interactions with it. It is directly tied to staff and student morale as well as their satisfaction with the school. As per the study by Pan et al. (2001), the psychological climate of the classroom is crucial in fostering students’ intellectual and physical development as well as personality development. The level of students’ mental health increases with an improved school climate. According to Zhou et al. (2021), the school environment can considerably increase students’ motivation to learn and their level of self-awareness and self-control. High expectations for behavior and a well-organized classroom can give children a safe place to learn in which they can cultivate good study habits and self-control, which will have a long-term effect on their overall development.
Learning Environment Perception and Achievement Goals
Authors: Schieghart Patricia
Published: September 2022

The interpersonal relationships in the classroom are a crucial part of the learning environment for students. Through positive teacher-student and student-student contact, students can experience a more supportive learning environment during the instructional process, which supports their learning motivation and helps them develop decision-making skills and a sense of responsibility.
Which Matters More, Cognitive or Non-cognitive Ability?
Authors: Zhou Longjun
Published: September 2022

From a psychological perspective, both cognitive and non-cognitive abilities are significant drivers of human growth. The ability to gather, choose, and comprehend information is referred to as cognitive ability. To be more specific, it consists of human abilities to comprehend the nature and characteristics of objects, as well as how they relate to one another, fundamental laws, and the future course of the world. Any skill that is not cognitive is considered non-cognitive. Examples include emotional maturity, empathy, and interpersonal skills, which are essential for people to deal with various contexts.
Cultural Fit and the Effects of School-wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports in High-Need Schools: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Deltour Caroline , Dachet Dylan , Monseur Christian , Baye Ariane
Published: September 2022

School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports is a framework that aims to improve school culture and climate, students’ behavior and attendance. As the program is largely spreading, comparative studies showing its efficacy on students’ outside the United States are needed. In addition, there is a need for studies examining SWPBIS effects on school climate from all the stakeholders’ point of view, especially students and parents. Moreover, few researches used comprehensive questionnaires including the three main components of school climate: engagement, safety and environment. The purpose of this study is twofold: investigate the SWPBIS implementation feasibility in a French speaking European country and measure implementation effects on school climate and absenteeism. Using a quasi-experimental design, the current study investigates the impact of SWPBIS implementation in elementary and secondary high-need schools (n intervention schools = 4, n control schools = 5). Findings show positive effects for all stakeholders on different components of school climate. Effects on absenteeism are mixed. Implications and limitations are discussed.
The Relationship between Middle School Students’ Learning Environment Perceptions and Achievement Goals in Science
Authors: Kahraman Nurcan
Published: September 2022

This study examined the reciprocal relationship between students’ perceptions of science learning environment, measured through promoting choice, interaction and mutual respect, and teacher feedback, and students’ achievement goals of mastery-approach and performance-approach goals. A total of 407 sixth and eighth grade students participated in the study. Canonical analysis showed that perceived learning environment variables and approach goal orientations were reciprocally and positively related. According to the results, all the dimensions of learning environment perceptions were related to students’ approach goals. For example, students who perceive right to share the control in tasks in science classroom, tend to adopt approach goals
Juvenile Delinquency in China: Causes and Prevention
Authors: Bu Qingyun
Published: September 2022

Juvenile delinquency is one of the most complex social issues confronting both developing and developed nations in today’s rapidly changing world. In China, adolescent criminality is likewise increasing at an alarming rate. In this study, we examined the status quo of juvenile delinquency in China, elucidated the reasons for adolescent crime from the perspectives of the individual, family, school, and society, and proposed preventive methods to provide insight into the reduction of juvenile delinquency in China.
Let Students Engage in Real Learning: An Evaluation of Protocol-guided Learning
Authors: Wang Junwen
Published: September 2022

Both a student-centered instruction approach and a classroom management technique based on the learning protocol are known as protocol-guided learning. This paper describes the protocol-guided learning model’s implications for classroom practice and its impacts on classroom reconstruction with the aim of ensuring that learning actually occurs on students. Its definition, advantages, and practical roles are described.
The Effect of a Project on Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Organizing Trips to Out-of-School Environments
Authors: Laçin-Şimşek Canan , Öztuna-Kaplan Aysun
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a project on teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs about organizing trips to out-of-school environments. The present study is a simultaneous mixed pattern research using quantitative and qualitative data. Twenty-four science teachers participated in the study. The effect of training and applications was also evaluated in terms of gender and seniority. Data were collected through Self-Efficacy Belief Scale for Organizing Educational Trips to Out-of-school Environment and open-ended question forms. While there was no difference in self-efficacy beliefs between male and female teachers at the beginning of the project, there was a difference in favor of females at the end of the project. Also, while there was a difference in favor of senior teachers at the beginning of the project, this difference disappeared at the end of the project. As can be seen in the present study, practical activities related to out-of-school learning are very important and such training should be delivered to both in pre-service and in-service teachers.
Improving Minority Education in China in the “Internet Plus” Era: A Case Study of Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture
Authors: Huang Jiliang
Published: September 2022

Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture has been at the forefront of developing digital education for China’s ethnic minorities. The prefecture uses the Jinzhou Educational Cloud Platform, which is based on improved digital infrastructure, to improve teachers’ digital instruction competencies, raise school precision management levels, and promote inter-school collaboration and sharing of high-quality educational resources. In this study, we examined the prefecture’s paths to developing internet- and IT-enabled minority education and described their successes to provide insight into the deep integration of information technology and education in minority regions.
Undergraduate German as a Second Foreign Language Learning Experience and Improvement Strategies
Authors: Zhang Lequn
Published: September 2022

In order to speed up international cooperation and exchange, the government is encouraging higher education institutions to provide more foreign language courses in addition to English in light of China’s progress in reform and opening up. This study used interview and questionnaire surveys to analyze the current state of German language education as a second foreign language and student learning involvement in it in China. The goal was to understand students’ experiences learning German as a second foreign language. Additionally, suggestions were made to enhance the structure of college German courses for non-German majors.
The Relationship between Text Formality and Writing Quality: An Evaluation Based on Coh-Metrix
Authors: Xie Yaojing
Published: September 2022

This study seeks to investigate the relationship between text formality and writing quality by quantifying text formality in EFL English writing. In order to conduct the research, 548 English argumentation compositions were evaluated in terms of the five Coh-Metrix text formality dimensions: narrativity, syntactic simplicity, word concreteness, referential coherence, and deep cohesion. Based on the study, there is only a weak relationship between text formality and writing quality, and some facets of text formality, such as narrativity, word concreteness, syntactic simplicity, and deep cohesion, have varying degrees of influence on writing quality and, consequently, on English writing scores. As per statistics, narrativity has a detrimental effect on writing quality; word concreteness has a significant positive correlation with writing quality; syntactic simplicity shows a relatively small negative correlation with writing quality; deep cohesion has a modestly negative correlation with writing quality; and referential coherence has no correlation with writing quality. It is intended that the findings of this study will have some bearing on how English argumentative writing is taught and learned.
A Sociological Approach to Consumer Protection in E-Commerce Transactions During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ayu Dena , Mursal Mursal , Jianti Putri , Witro Doli , Nurdiansyah Rifqi
Published: September 2022

This article uses a sociological approach to discuss consumer protection in the sales system through e-commerce during the covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to provide legal certainty to consumers by highlighting consumer protection laws and the role of the government in protecting people who make transactions in e-commerce. This article is juridical-normative research. This article uses qualitative data that is a literature study. In this case, two types of data are used: primary and secondary data. Primary data includes Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. At the same time, secondary data is obtained from library sources such as books, scientific articles, theses, dissertations, research reports, internet websites, and other data sources. Miles et al. used the qualitative data analysis technique, namely data condensation, data presentation, and concluding. The analysis results show that the consumer protection law does not only apply to consumers but to everyone who transacts in it. Consumer protection is very much needed to maintain security and provide convenience for sellers and buyers in carrying out economic transactions in the covid-19 pandemic. The role of law in consumer protection following the Consumer Protection Law Number 8 of 1999 provides efforts to ensure legal certainty to protect consumers.
Juridical Analysis of The Execution of Confiscated Objects: A Case Study of Narcotics in the Blora State Court of Positive Law And Islamic Law Perspective
Authors: Karyono Karyono , Azhari Aidul Fitriciadia , Surbakti Natangsa
Published: September 2022

The Blora District Prosecutor's Office is a state agency with authority to carry out lawsuits against perpetrators of criminal cases, including narcotics crime cases. In the case of narcotics, the Prosecutor's office is also authorized to store and destroy confiscated narcotics. This is to the laws and regulations that narcotics confiscated objects should be stored in the State Confiscated Objects Storage House (Rupbasan) by Article 44 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The destruction of narcotics confiscated objects is carried out no later than seven days after obtaining a legal decision and has permanent legal force from Blora District Court, as regulated in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. In this study, researchers took several legal decisions at the Blora District Court, which had differences in executing narcotics confiscated objects. This qualitative research combines data on legal decisions and interviews with law enforcement officials. This study also uses positive legal theory and Islamic Law to analyze the problems that occur in criminal narcotics cases, especially in the execution of narcotics confiscated objects. So the results of this study conclude that there is discretion from the results of legal decisions with laws and regulations governing the execution of confiscated objects in narcotics crime cases at the Blora District Court.
Outcomes of Positive Discipline on Student’s behaviors
Authors: Tshewang Chimi
Published: September 2022

This paper intended to study the outcomes of positive discipline on student’s behaviors. This research was administered by using quantitative and qualitative methods. As a research participants they are 310 from students who were been selected by a stratified and simple random sampling and, 3 teacher key informants, who were selected by purposive sampling from Lower, Middle and Higher Secondary Schools respectively. Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Findings of the study revealed that the positive discipline practices perceived to be a substantial tool to build students’ behaviors. The study is significant in providing information to students, teachers, educational leaders and parents to boost positive discipline practices at school and home. This research also provides indispensable information for all school stakeholders about their roles and supports in improving the behaviors of school children.
Uluslararası İzmir Festivali 1987-2022 Programları
Authors: YÜKSEL Tolga , YÜKSEL Gözde
Published: September 2022

Ülkemizin en önemli ve kapsamlı sanat festivallerinden biri olan Uluslararası İzmir Festivali’nin uzun yıllardır İzmir’e ve ülkemiz sanat hayatına pek çok yönden katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırmada ise sanatsal etkinliklerin ülkemizde yaygın hale getirilmesinde festivallerin büyük katkısı olduğu varsayımından yola çıkarak, festivalde gerçekleşen etkinliklerin sanat türleri, etkinliklerin gerçekleştiği mekânlar ve ilçeler, konserlerde yer alan müzik türleri ve konserlere katılan icracılar bakımından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Amaca ilişkin durumu kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemek üzere, betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsam çerçevesinde 1987-2022 yılları arasında gerçekleşmiş Uluslararası İzmir Festivali’ne ait tüm festival programlarına ulaşılmış ve programlar doküman incelemesi yapılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimleyici istatistiksel bir analiz olarak frekans ve yüzde dağılımlarından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; İlki 1987 yılında düzenlenen Uluslararası İzmir Festivali’nde müzik, dans, tiyatro, opera ve müzikal sanat türlerinde toplam 356 etkinliğin gerçekleştiği, festival düzenlenmeye başladığından beri sanat türü bakımından müzik ve dans etkinliklerinin diğer türlere oranla belirgin bir farkla festivalde daha çok yer aldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Festival etkinlikleri 36 farklı mekânda gerçekleşmiş ve bu mekânların çoğunun İzmir’in kültürel mirası mekanlar olduğu saptanmıştır. Düzenlenen etkinlikler en çok Selçuk, Konak ve Çeşme ilçelerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Festivalde günümüze kadar 264 konser gerçekleştirilmiş, bu konserlerde en geniş yer tutan müzik türü Klasik Batı Müziği, en az yer verilen tür ise Bando Müziği olmuştur. Son olarak festivale katılan yabancı icracı sayısının yerli ve karma icracılardan daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
QIAGEN® DNeasy® PowerSoil® Pro v1
Authors: Wu Hsin-Mao
Published: September 2022

For the isolation of microbial genomic DNA from all soil types, including difficult samples such as compost, sediment, and manure.
Lattice Design for Non-Carbon Two-Dimensional Allotropic Modifications
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Abramenko N.D. , Rozhkov M.A. ,   ITMO University, Russia
Published: September 2022

In this article, an approach to lattice design for two two-dimensional allotropic materials is proposed. The approach is based on the use of crystal lattices of disclinated graphene known as pseudo-graphenes. The approach is demonstrated on pseudo-graphenes G5-7v1 and G5-6-7v2 and target crystals originated from molybdenum disulfide and phosphorene. Geometry optimization done by density functional theory calculations display that the designed lattices for new materials are structurally stable, which means that they could be synthesized and that the new approach could successfully be used to produce lattice designs for novel two-dimensional allotropic materials.
Investigation of Radiation Recombination Channels in Long-Wavelength InAs/InAsSb/InAsSbP LED Heterostructures
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Ruzhevich M.S.
Published: September 2022

This work presents the results of the investigation of optical properties of long-wavelength (~5 µm at 300 K) InAs/InAsSb/InAsSbP LED heterostructures. These heterostructures are used in various applications in mid-wavelength infrared range, such as environmental monitoring, etc. Electroluminescence was used to study the optical characteristics of the structures in the temperature range 4.2–300 K. Various radiative recombination channels in LED heterostructures were considered, including those associated with the InAs substrate and those related to the active layer, the latter competing depending on the temperature. The obtained results can be useful when designing optoelectronic devices with weak temperature dependence of the emission wavelength.
Structural and Optical Properties of Silver Nanoparticles In Situ Synthesized in ZnO Film by Sol–Gel Method
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Sokura L.A. ,   Ioffe Institute, Russia, Ryabkova E.A. ,   ITMO University, Russia, Kirilenko D.A. ,   ITMO University, Russia,   Ioffe Institute, Russia, Shirshneva-Vaschenko E.V. ,   University of Central Florida, USA
Published: September 2022

We fabricate the samples with two layers of silver nanoparticles embedded in ZnO film exploring sol–gel method by varying the annealing temperatures. The structural properties of the samples are determined by transmission electron microscopy. The effect of the annealing temperature on the nanoparticles plasmon absorption spectra is studied. Annealing at 570 °C results in a shift of the plasmon absorption maximum from 580 nm to 620 nm, due to an increase in the nanoparticles average size from 63 nm to 74 nm. Increasing the annealing temperature to 650 °C results in a shift of plasmon absorption maximum back to 580 nm due to a decrease in the nanoparticles size to 61 nm. Before annealing, the silver nanoparticles of the upper layer locate on top of the nanoparticles of the bottom layer, however, in the plane of the layers, they are arranged randomly at a distance of 30 to 150 nm from each other. As a result of the annealing, the system tended to be ordered, as a result, the nanoparticles in the layers become to be distributed equidistant at 40–70 nm between them; the nanoparticles of the upper layer tend being located between the nanoparticles of the bottom layer.
Digital Twin Technology: Modeling a Circuit Board for Simulating Electronic Device Operation
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Tkacheva E.V. , Makhinya D.A. ,   ITMO University, Russia, Donetskaya J.V. ,   ITMO University, Russia
Published: September 2022

We report on possible applications of the digital twin technology. We analyzed digital twin structures of various types considering their parameters in terms of usage. A circuit board model was designed and the device behavior was predicted during its operation at high temperatures close to critical or above critical values. The data obtained allows to optimize the device operation regimes and produce timely adjustments to the design.
Experience in implementing a patient-centered approach in a private medical organization
Authors: Moskvicheva L. I. , Genyush Yu. S. , Petrova I. A.
Published: September 2022

Currently, taking into account the pronounced competition among modern medical organizations, attracting patients and forming a high degree of their loyalty requires significant efforts both in the field of ensuring the quality of medical services provided, and in the field of full implementation of legally enshrined patient rights, compliance with ethical and deontological norms, the formation of effective communication and integration processes between employees of a medical organization and patients and/ or their relatives, and in the context of the activities of a private medical organization, special work is also largely required to optimize the main business processes. All the activities described above are united by the concept of «patient-centered approach».

Purpose of the study. To increase the degree of satisfaction of patients with the organization of medical care through the introduction of a patient-centered approach.

Materials and methods. This study was undertaken using methods of analysis and synthesis, experiment and sociological measurements (questionnaires, qualitative interviews of 64 patients and 10 employees), included the study and generalization of specialized research and practical experience, work with local regulatory documents.

Results. Сomprehensive work on the introduction of patient-centered principles into the activities of a medical organization had a positive impact on both the degree of patient satisfaction with the organization of medical services provided and on the assessment of modified working conditions by employees of a medical organization.

Conclusion. Сonstructive optimization of the activities of a medical organization through the introduction of patient-centered principles should be carried out using an integrated approach based on international experience using project management, risk management and patient-orientation methodologies. To determine the main areas of activity and monitor the effectiveness of implemented measures, the most appropriate, relevant tools are internal audit and conducting a patient survey.
Patterns of topographic and anatomical changes in body cavities after pneumonectomy
Authors: Kagan I. I. , Vasyukov M. N. , Tretyakov A. A.
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. To study and describe the general patterns of topographic and anatomical changes after pneumonectomies on the basis of this study.

Materials and methods. Computed tomograms of the chest of 53 patients (50 men and 3 women) aged 39 to 75 years before and after pneumonectomy (26 on the left, 27 on the right) were examined. Postoperative computed tomography was performed on the 10–12th day after the operation, 6 and 12 months after the intervention. The transverse, anteroposterior and angular displacements of organs and structures of the mediastinum, chest wall, and abdomen were studied. Changes in their skeletotopic and holotopic characteristics were assessed. Calculations of the volumes of the postpneumonectomy space and the remaining lung were performed.

Results. Pneumonectomy causes regular, causal topographic and anatomical changes in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Displacement of organs and large vessels of the mediastinum after pneumonectomy has a multi-vector character of varying severity. Among the mediastinal organs, the most pronounced changes after pneumonectomy are the heart, which is displaced laterally, posteriorly and upward. Changes in the chest wall after pneumonectomy on the side of the operation are expressed in it, changes in the angles of inclination of the ribs, scoliotic deformity of the thoracic spine. Pneumonectomy leads to the rise of the dome of the diaphragm on the side of the operation to a height of 1–5 ribs with the corresponding topographic and anatomical changes in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Anatomical changes in the remaining lung are expressed in a partial decrease in its volume in the early postoperative period, followed by an increase in volume in the long term and the gradual formation of predominantly anterior mediastinal hernia. Postpneumonectomy cavity is reduced in the postoperative period by changing its shape. The general dynamics of changes after pneumonectomies is their occurrence in the early postoperative period, gradual progression during the year and subsequent stabilization.

Conclusion. Regular post-pneumonctomic changes in the chest and abdomen must be taken into account when performing surgical interventions and invasive research methods. They can serve as a basis for clinical and functional studies of the abdominal organs in the postoperative period. They should be used in the development of postoperative diagnostic and treatment methods.
Blood coagulation system state in breast cancer patients that recovered from coronaviral infection after undergoing antitumor medical treatment
Authors: Vladimirova L. Yu. , Frantsiyants E. M. , Abramova N. A. , Novoselova K. A. , Myagkova V. S. , Katelnitskaya O. V. , Storozhakova A. E. , Popova I. L. , Kabanov S. N. , Tikhanovskaya N. M. , Kalabanova E. A. , Ryadinskaya L. A. , Lyanova A. A. , Teplyakova M. A. , Zakharchenko V. R. , Guskova N. K.
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. An analysis of parameters of the blood coagulation system in breast cancer patients after coronavirus disease.

Materials and methods. 50 breast cancer patients were divided into groups: the main group included 30 patients after coronavirus disease, the control group 1–20 patients without confirmed COVID‑19, and control group 2–20 non-cancer women after corona‑ virus disease. All cancer patients received appropriate chemotherapy. The following parameters were studied: activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), prothrombin index (PTI), fibrinogen, soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMCs), thrombin time (TT), antithrombin III, D-dimer and plasminogen, fibrin degradation products. Blood tests were performed 4–6 weeks after the infection and two negative PCR test results for COVID‑19.

Results. Patients of the main group demonstrated differences in INR values after treatment in the subgroups with asymptomatic disease (Me = 1.24) and with mild symptoms (Me = 0.97) U = 10; Z = 2.766; р = 0.0057, in subgroups with asymptomatic disease (Me = 1.24) and with moderate to severe symptoms (Me = 0.98) U = 26.5; Z = 2.199; р = 0.027, and in TT values in subgroups with asymptomatic disease (Me = 14.5) and with moderate to severe symptoms (Me = 16.5) U = 18.5; Z = –2.725; р = 0.0064. The comparison of the parameters in patients after COVID‑19 before (Me = 0.83) and after treatment (Me = 0.4) showed differences in the D-dimer values in patients with moderate to severe disease U = 6.5; Z = –2.2861; р = 0.022 towards their decrease after the therapy. Differences were found in APTT values between the main group (Me = 30.65) and control group 1 (Me = 27.85) U = 119; Z = 3.574; р = 0.00035, in antithrombin values between the main group (Me = 94) and control group 1 (Me = 106) U = 112; Z = 3.713; р = 0.00021, and in SFMCs values between the main group (Me = 17) and control group 1 (Me = 8) U = 180.5; Z = 2.356; р = 0.018.

Conclusions. Determination of plasminogen levels can become an independent factor in detecting thrombotic risk in cancer patients who recovered from COVID‑19. Previous infection with COVID‑19 should be considered an additional risk factor for venous thromboembolic complications for cancer patients.
Effect of xenon-oxygen inhalations on functional status of cardiovascular system in oncological patients suffering chronic pain syndrome
Authors: Potievskaya V. I. , Abuzarova G. R. , Sarmanaeva R. R. , Loboda A. V. , Potievskiy M. B. , Kuznetsov S. V. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. Assessment of xenon-oxygen inhalations effect on functional status of cardiovascular system in oncological patients with chronic pain syndrome.

Materials and methods. Randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial with assessment of xenon-oxygen inhalations effect on electrocardiogaram, blood pressure and heart rate was performed in oncological patients with chronic pain syndrome received analgetic drug therapy. 48 of them were in the main group and received xenon-oxygen-air mixture containing 50 % xenon and 50 % oxygen twice a day during 7 visits, and other 47 were in control group and received oxygen-air mixture containing 50 % oxygen. Level of pain severity according to numerical rating scale and satisfaction of patients on the base of questionary were also assessed.

Results. No significant negative effects of xenon on electrocardiogaram were revealed. In the main group alike the control group the QT intervals did not increase. There were multidirectional changes of T-wave without clinical symptoms in main and control groups. Xenon had no influence on heart rate but lead to statistically significant systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease. Pain severity was significantly alleviated in the main group from 50 [40; 60] to 40 [25; 50]%; p < 0,05. Satisfaction of the patients in xenon group was 71 % vs 11 % in control group; p = 0,0001.

Conclusion. Xenon-oxygen inhalations had no negative side effects on electrocardiogram, blood pressure and heart rate in oncological patients with chronic pain syndrome. Xenon inclusion in complex therapy increased effectiveness of pain treatment and satisfaction of the patients.
Ultrasound patterns of metastases from papillary thyroid cancer in soft tissues of the neck
Authors: Parshin V. S. , Veselova A. A. , Bespalov P. D. , Polkin V. V. , Garbuzov P. I.
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. To assess ultrasound features and patterns of features for metastatic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in soft tissues of the neck.

Materials and methods. The study included 335 histologically confirmed metastases and 102 benign lymph nodes (LN). Statistical processing was carried out in the SPSS program. The reliability between the groups was assessed by criterion t with a significance level of p < 0.05. The informative value of ultrasound signs and patterns of signs, and the probability of the presence of metastasis using binary logistic regression are calculated.

Results. The 14 criteria for metastasis have been studied. There are 33 signs, i.e. types of criteria. During the statistical analysis, six most informative criteria were established: calcifications, contours, shape, depth-to-width ratio in the transverse scanning plane, state (differentiation) of the cortical and cerebral layers, echostructure. To create complexes (patterns) of ultrasonic signs, a combination of these signs was used among themselves, and five patterns were established. The first pattern, including the depth-to-width ratio in the transverse scanning plane and the echo structure, has a sensitivity (Se) of 97 %, diagnostic accuracy (Ac) of 96.5 %, area under the curve (AUC) of 96 %, the probability ranges from 95 to 99 %. The Se of the second pattern, including the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, echostructure and shape, was 97.2 %, Ac – 96.8 %, AUC – 97.3 %, probability – 95–100 %. The third pattern, including the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, nature, shape and contours, and the fourth pattern, including the following criteria, the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, echostructure, shape, contours and differentiation into cortical and cerebral layers, have Se 96.9 %, Ac – 97.1 %, AUC – 98.7 %, probability – 88–100 %. The fifth pattern, including the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, echostructure, shape; contours; state (differentiation) of the cortical and cerebral layers; calcinates, has Se – 99.6 %, Ac – 99.5 %, AUC – 99.9 %, probability – 94–100 %.

Conclusion. Five patterns of metastatic involvement of lymph nodes in PTC were found. The informative value of US increased from the first to the fifth pattern achieving a Se of 99.6 %, Ac of 99.5 %, AUC of 99.9 %. The probability ranged from 94 % to 100 %.
Weapons and technologies of war in the context of cultural and historical development of humanity
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tormakhova A. M.
Published: September 2022

The historical and cultural development of mankind is a time not only of progress and peace. Throughout human history, there have been many wars in which weapons, protective equipment, and so on have been developed. Transformation of military equipment is taking place in the direction of increasing range, the strength of the enemy's defeat. The "evolution" of weapons is inextricably linked with the development of science and technology. The development of weapons is closely linked to the formation of military groups. This type of activity, which is carried out throughout life, contributes to the development of specific skills and abilities in the use of weapons, fighting, which is virtually inaccessible to ordinary citizens. Professionalization of military activity is aimed at forming the physical and psychological readiness to destroy the enemy, the ability to bear the losses of allies and more. Often, inventions discovered for peaceful purposes become the basis for the creation of means of destruction. The formation of various weapons involves the creation of opportunities to exceed the possibilities of protection against them. In this way, the dominant principle is to achieve the most remote nature of the fighting. This process is accompanied by the creation of weapons of mass destruction, the use of which is easier for the consciousness of the soldier than a form of contact. An integral part of active hostilities are the means of psychological influence on the enemy. Military action is not limited to the use of weapons, which are carried out for a specific strategic purpose, which is realized through combat tactics. All wars included the permanent practice of psychological influence on the enemy. It could be related to the appearance of the enemy, his behavior on the battlefield. At the same time, the introduction of forms of struggle related to the spread of misinformation, undermining the belief in ideals, etc., was equally important. Such forms of struggle have become especially relevant at a time when access to information has become much easier. Due to the promotion of certain content in the priority media channels, the recipient has a significant impact.
Study of the Correlation of Erythroderma and Histopathologic Features, Clinical Presentations and Causative Factors
Authors: Pongcharoensuk Thanet , Srisuttiyakorn Chutika
Published: September 2022

Erythroderma is a medical condition characterized by inflammation involving skin over 90% of the body’s surface area. This condition can result in high mortality rate and many systemic complications including fluid and electrolyte imbalance, infections, thermoregulatory disturbance and high output cardiac failure. In Thailand, limited data have been reported in the literature. This study aims to investigate epidemiologic, clinical and histologic data relevant to etiologies of erythroderma among adults. We performed a retrospective study among all patients acquiring erythroderma, aged above 16 years and visiting at the Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Thailand from January 2015 to December 2019. The following data were recorded: personal data, medical history, clinical manifestations, histopathologic results, possible etiologies, laboratory profiles, treatment methods and outcomes. During the 5-year study, 35 patients with erythroderma were collected. Men outnumbered women 6:1 (30 men and 5 women). The age of these patients ranged from 18-90 with mean age of 66.4 years. Idiopathic was the predominant etiology with 20/35 cases (57.1%), followed by drug eruption (17.1%). Herbal medicine (33.3%) and spironolactone (33.3%) were the most implicated drugs. Pre-existing skin diseases were observed including psoriasis (17.1%), pityriasis rubra pilaris (2.8%) and malignancy associated erythroderma (2.8%). Epidermal spongiosis was the most common histological feature observed in all etiologies (85.7%), (p=0.029). Complete clearance was obtained in 15/35 (42.8%). Death 2/35 (5.6%) occurred in one patient with drug reaction and one patient with pemphigus vulgaris associated erythroderma complicated with sepsis. Although data are limited, erythroderma remains a serious condition effecting quality of life of patients. Our study demonstrated further epidemiology, etiologies and clinicopathologic information of erythroderma among Thai patients.
Evolution of Navigation and Robotics in Spine Surgery
Authors: Karnati Tejas , Goodrich Dylan , Kim Kee
Published: September 2022

Techniques and technology for spinal surgery have evolved together throughout the past few decades. There has been a growing popularity of image-guided surgery that has now progressed to robotic-assisted surgery with many FDA approved image-guided surgical robot systems now widely available such as Medtronic’s Mazor X Stealth™ Edition robotic guidance system or Globus Medical’s ExcelsiusGPS® Robotic Navigation Platform. As this trend continues, it is important to understand the basis for these technologies and examine the benefits and trajectories to improve safety and effectiveness going forward. In this review we examine the history, currently available technology, and the multiple benefits that have been studied regarding image-guided navigation and robotics in spine surgery.
Viruses and Autoimmunity
Authors: Nexø Bjørn
Published: September 2022

Most, if not all, animals have endogenous viruses i.e., copies of parts of or complete retro-viral genomes in their chromosomes. Man, for example, has in the order of 100 000 bits and pieces of retrovirus, distributed on all chromosomes. Most of these bits are grossly defective but in man about 50 can encode a protein. There is evidence several coding endogenous viruses can recombine and start an infection. I believe these coding endogenous viruses contribute to human disease. Indeed I speculate, they are the most important limitation on size and longevity of the members of a species: both these parameters are roughly proportional to the chance of making a replicating virus. In the following I will try to argue for the importance of coding endogenous viruses. If the presence of retroviral sequences does not lead to replicating virus the situation is mostly fine. However, as soon as a virus starts replicating in an individual, the mutational level in the animal increases dramatically, by way of insertion of viral genomes at unusual places, and the animal in part loses control of its genome. This is known to result in cancer, and I believe in autoimmune disease.
Pharmacogenetics Implementation in Primary Care
Authors: Dawes Martin , Esquivel Bernard
Published: September 2022

Pharmacogenetics is being considered as a pre-emptive test for the National Health Service in the United Kingdom. Primary care is a key clinical service for the use of this technology due to the large number of prescriptions prescribed in this setting. Given the volume of prescribing and the prevalence of pharmacogenetic variants an average GP will be using pharmacogenetics approximately 12 times per week. The current high workload in primary care means that a time of only a minute or two at most is available for the physician to use this new information. Pharmacogenetics is only one data point in identifying drug options for a patient. In determining those options physicians also take into account drug-drug, drug-condition, drug-liver and drug-renal potential interactions. Clinical Decision Support Systems exist that use pharmacogenetic and other information to help identify safer and more effective medication options for an individual.
SARS-Cov-2 Variants: Biological and Mathematical Considerations for Nomenclature
Authors: Huang Jie , Mi Yi , Li Junxi , McLean Gary
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus (CoV) is one of the most widely used words during the past two years. If it were announced that Delta CoV only affects animals such as pigs and wigeons while Omicron CoV does not even exist, surely people would be offended and question the credibility of whoever stated this. But both statements are true, scientifically. Of note, it was stated Delta CoV and Omicron CoV, not Delta variant or Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. Such potentially confusing naming of a globally important virus therefore warrants further analyses. At the subfamily level, CoVs are divided into four genera (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta) and only viruses of the Alpha and Beta branch infect humans. Now that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 have taken over from the Delta variant globally, the issue of the double use of genus labels (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta) for variant naming is mitigated. However, we can still pause and ponder whether the Greek symbols alone are indeed ideal for labeling waves of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here we propose additional criteria for naming of variants that considers specific biological and molecular characteristics of the virus-cell interaction. Our aim is to define a biological and structurally defined metric that can be used to distinguish SARS-CoV-2 variants interactions with host cells. This metric could find utility with numerous human viruses and provide an additional parameter for improved naming of viruses.
Rouvière’s Sulcus in a Jamaican Population
Authors: Gardner Michael , Singh Keerti , Shetty Ramnand , Dabichan Zenica , Ho Peter , Louboutin Jean-Pierre , Cawich Shamir
Published: September 2022

Considering the fact that several anatomic variants of the liver have been described in the Jamaican population, we sought to document the prevalence and characteristics of Rouvière’s sulcus in this population. This paper has two parts. First, 60 cadaveric dissections were observed to document the prevalence of Rouvière’s sulcus as 81.7%. In the second part of this paper, a systematic review identified 811 cadaveric dissections across 9 studies and recorded the global prevalence of Rouvière’s sulcus as 77%. The prevalence of Rouvière’s sulcus in the Jamaican population closely matched that across the globe in this systematic review.
Approaching New Clinical Horizons: The Case of Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI)
Authors: Friederichs Edgar , Friederichs Petra
Published: September 2022

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in children is, to our knowledge, a very common but until now very often neglected outcome of, among other things, a) a stressful pregnancy, b) preterm birth and c) stressful term birth with pre- and perinatal injuries. The entire visual system includes both the eyes and the brain, and damage can affect one or both of these organs. The visual brain-focused aim is that children gain precise visual access to their surroundings, linking visual information with the appropriate language and motor skills to both enable them to understand what they see and guide movements along the visual acuity. Thus, vision, language and motor skills typically evolve together during the first months of life. The meaning of the so called ‘seeing sense’ is still not considered enough to understand its contribution to normal developmental stages and vision-related deterioration in childhood. A systematic diagnostic approach to CVI in the medical system is missing. Consequently, experimental interventions are very rare. However, due to the demographic development (e.g. the increase in preterm births) there is an increase in the prevalence and cerebral visual dysfunctions and the need for its treatment. Early insult to the visual system affects more than visual brain perception. As visual brain processing is related to cognition, emotion, motivation and the motor system, early visual impairments could negatively influence the development of all these functional systems. Thus, human brain development depends on structural and functional visual conditions and can be significantly disturbed by cerebral visual impairment. This article emphasizes the influence of possible early damage to the visual pathways on general development and academic achievement and the implication of CVI in the development of affected children.