bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Be a Woman in Fin de Siècle Lemberg
Authors: Cherchovych Ivanna
Published: July 2024

In the 19th century, the gender pact dividing public and private spheres, as man-owned and women-inhabited, found its most solid reasoning. In this vision, the city as the most obvious embodiment of public life, seemed to be male by default. Women in the city were taken as potentially threatened. This was evidenced by a number of prohibitions, which could include not only certain places inaccessible to women, such as universities in Lviv until the late 1890s, but also ordinary everyday experiences that they could claim only at the cost of their own reputation. In this module, historian Ivanna Cherchovych will try to look at the city from its women's experiences.
PENGARUH AROMATERAPI PEPPERMINT TERHADAP PENURUNAN MUAL MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER 1 DI PUSKESMAS PAUH KAMBAR
Authors: PRASETYANINGSIH PRASETYANINGSIH , SYAHRUL SYAHRUL , RISHEL RIKA ASTRIA , ARMALINI RIKA , AMELIA JIHAN
Published: July 2024

The World Health Organization reported that the incidence of nausea and vomiting in women reached 12.5% ​​in the world with 0.3% in Sweden, 0.5% in California, 0.8% in Canada, 10.8% in China, 0.9% in Norway, 2.2% in Pakistan, 1.9% in Turkey, and in Indonesia reaching 50%-80%. Peppermint aromatherapy containing menthol (35-45%) and menthone (10%-30%) is useful as an antiemetic and antispasmodic on the lining of the stomach and intestines by inhibiting muscle contractions. The ability of peppermint leaves to reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is thought to be related to the content of essential oils such as α-, β-pinenelimonene 1,8- cineole. This study aims to determine the effect of peppermint aromatherapy on reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester at the Pauh Kambar Health Center. This research method uses a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was 70 pregnant women in the first trimester. The number of samples taken was 15 people using purposive sampling technique. Data processing was done using Univariate and Bivariate using t-dependent analysis. The results of the study with the T test showed that there was an effect of peppermint aromatherapy on reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester at the Pauh Kambar Health Center (p-value = 0.000 <a = 0.05). It can be concluded that there is an effect of Peppermint Aromatherapy on Reducing Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester at the Pauh Kambar Health Center.
PENGARUH EDUKASI KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKSUAL PRANIKAH DI SMKN 11 KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: ZAYANI NOFRI , SUSANTO BELA NOVITA AMARIS
Published: July 2024

Actions that can be risky for adolescent reproductive health are engaging in premarital sexual behavior, drug abuse, violence, dating, smoking, drinking alcohol, and others. Premarital sexual behavior often results in unwanted pregnancies, contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), abortion, and maternal death. One form of preventive action to maintain adolescent reproductive health today is to provide education or counseling with media that is interesting and liked by students such as animated videos. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of providing reproductive health education with animated video media on adolescent knowledge and attitudes related to premarital sexual behavior at SMKN 11 Tangerang Regency. This research method used a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was 125 class X students of SMKN 11 Tangerang Regency. Sampling used a random sampling technique so that the number of samples was 25 people who were adjusted to the research inclusion criteria. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data processing was carried out using paired ¬t-tests at α = 5%. The results of the study showed an increase in knowledge from good as many as 5 people (20%) to 24 people (96%), sufficient as many as 15 people (60%) to 1 person (4%), lacking as many as 5 people (20%) to 0% after providing reproductive health education. The results of the T-test showed that there was an effect of providing health education on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents regarding premarital sexual behavior at SMKN 11 Tangerang Regency (p-value = 0.0001 ≤ α = 0.05). In conclusion, providing reproductive health education has an effect on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents towards premarital sexual behavior at SMKN 11 Tangerang Regency.
PENGARUH DIABETES SELF CARE MANAGEMENT EDUCATION TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PARIAMAN
Authors: ANDRIANI LINDA , PRASETYANINGSIH PRASETYANINGSIH , KASMORA DEPERMAN , SAPUTRA RIZKI RAMADHAN
Published: July 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is now growing into a global health problem, its prevalence in 2019 was 371 million cases and is predicted to increase by 55 percent to 592 million in 2035. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of diabetes self-care management education on the knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area, Pariaman City. The type of quasi-experimental research with one group pretest posttest design. Sampling was carried out using the total sampling technique, namely 36 respondents. The data collection tool used was a questionnaire filled in by the researcher and data processing was carried out using a computerized system. The results showed that most of the respondents (61.1%) had a low level of knowledge before being given diabetes self-care management education. Almost all respondents (86.1%) experienced an increase in their knowledge after being given diabetes self-care management education. Statistical analysis showed that there was an effect of diabetes self-care management education on increasing knowledge in type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area (p-value = 0.000 <0.05). In conclusion, providing diabetes self-care management education increases the knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area.
Histopathological Investigation of Gastrointestinal System Parasites in Storks: Cathaemasia Hians
Authors: KANAT Özgür
Published: July 2024

Intestinal parasites are commonly reported in free-ranging birds and play an important
role in maintaining a healthy and balanced ecosystem and causing zoonotic diseases.
The aim of this work was to reveal the presence and histological findings of digestive
system parasites in storks, as well as the histopathological changes caused by C. hians
isolated from storks. A total of four storks, an adult black stork and three adult white
storks that were brought to the pathology laboratory were used in the study.
Histopathological findings of the intestines of black and white storks were determined
using hematoxylin and eosin staining. During necropsy, numerous nodules were
observed in the serosa of the intestines of black stork. A parasitic infection was only
observed along the oesophagus. Histopathologically, in the intestines of the black
stork, degeneration, necrosis and desquamation, heterophil and mononuclear cell
infiltrations, parasite sections and parasite eggs, ulcerated areas, and regeneration with
fibrosis were detected. Histopathologically, no parasitic infections were found in the
white storks' oesophagus or proventriculus. Degeneration, necrosis, and desquamation
were observed in the intestinal epithelium of white storks. This study was the first to
define histopathological changes in the intestines of storks and showed severe nodular
inflammation caused by C. hians in Türkiye.
Evaluation of Sheep Colostrums According to Time after Lambing by Brix Refractometer Method and Color Scoring
Authors: UYSAL Soner , UYSAL Ayşe , YÖRÜK Mehmet Akif , ÖLMEZ Mükremin
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of breed and post-lambing time on
sheep colostrum quality. In this study, colostrum samples taken at different times after
lambing from 4 different sheep breeds (Tuj, Awassi, Morkaraman, Akkaraman) raised
in Turkey were compared using Brix refractometer and color scoring. The sheep
included in the study were placed in different paddocks according to their breeds. In
the first week after lambing, a total of 7 colostrum samples were collected from each
ewe, every 12 hours for the first 3 days and on the 7th day (mature milk sample).
According to the data obtained from the study, it was determined that colostrum
quality was affected by breed and milking duration (p<0.05). Brix values of colostrum
in the first and second milking were found to be higher in the Akkaraman breed than
in the Morkaraman breed (p<0.05). Additionally, it was determined that the color
score decreased over time after lambing and this decrease was statistically significant
(p<0.05). In conclusion, since the quality of sheep colostrum varies depending on
breed and time, the quality of the colostrum to be fed for lamb health and performance
must be determined in advance
The Use of Statistics in Veterinary Sciences and The Test Methods Used
Authors: SELVİ Muhammet Hanifi
Published: July 2024

In this study, the statistical methods mostly used in veterinary sciences were
examined. Currently, a statistical audit unit is being established in all sciences and
scientific journals in terms of the reliability of the study. This unit determines the
reliability of the study as a result of this control by checking whether the correct
method is used. Statistics starts at the design stage of the experiment and reaches the
right results with the right methods. If the statistical plan is not made at the beginning
of the trial, the desired results cannot be achieved. For these reasons, it would be useful
to get support from a statistician in order to achieve the desired results in studies of
veterinary sciences.
A Case of Proliferative and Necrotizing Otitis Externa in a Scottish Fold Shorthair Cat
Authors: KAYIKCI Caner , KELEŞ Ömer Faruk , KUŞCU Yağmur , EKİCİ Selime Nur , ÇİÇEK Hacı Ahmet
Published: July 2024

In this case report, the aim was to contribute to understanding PNOE's clinical
presentation, histopathological features, and successful treatment approaches,
emphasizing the significance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate management in
affected felines. Proliferative necrotic otitis externa (PNOE) is a very rare skin disease
of unknown etiology affecting the vertical ear canal and the concave surface of the
auricle, which may be accompanied by secondary yeast or bacterial infections. In this
case 8-month-old Scottish fold shorthair cat has fragile, papillomatous growths and
caseous purulent exudate in the ear canal was presented. The differential diagnosis of
this condition includes otoacariasis, plasma cell pododermatitis, papillomavirus and
chronic bacterial or yeast otitis externa. Despite antimicrobial and antiparasitic based
previous treatments, the lesions persisted. Histopathological examination revealed
acanthotic epidermis, necrotic keratinocytes, and inflammatory cell infiltrates.
Treatment involved methylprednisolone injection, topical pomades, and systemic
antibiotics. The cat showed improvement after initial treatment week, with regression
of lesions and cessation of ear discharge. Follow-up visits demonstrated continued
improvement, and after two months, minimal sequelae remained. In conclusion,
despite the unknown etiology of PNOE, the disease is quite responsive to
immunosuppressive therapy, which is beneficial for both diagnosis and treatment.
Recombinant origin and interspecies transmission of a HERV-K(HML-2)-related primate retrovirus with a novel RNA transport element
Authors: Williams Zachary H , Imedio Alvaro Dafonte , Gaucherand Lea , Lee Derek C , Mostafa Salwa Mohd , Phelan James P , Coffin John M , Johnson Welkin E
Published: July 2024

HERV-K(HML-2), the youngest clade of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), includes many intact or nearly intact proviruses, but no replication competent HML-2 proviruses have been identified in humans. HML-2-related proviruses are present in other primates, including rhesus macaques, but the extent and timing of HML-2 activity in macaques remains unclear. We have identified 145 HML-2-like proviruses in rhesus macaques, including a clade of young, rhesus-specific insertions. Age estimates, intact open reading frames, and insertional polymorphism of these insertions are consistent with recent or ongoing infectious activity in macaques. 106 of the proviruses form a clade characterized by an ~750 bp sequence between env and the 3′ long terminal repeat (LTR), derived from an ancient recombination with a HERV-K(HML-8)-related virus. This clade is found in Old World monkeys (OWM), but not great apes, suggesting it originated after the ape/OWM split. We identified similar proviruses in white-cheeked gibbons; the gibbon insertions cluster within the OWM recombinant clade, suggesting interspecies transmission from OWM to gibbons. The LTRs of the youngest proviruses have deletions in U3, which disrupt the Rec Response Element (RcRE), required for nuclear export of unspliced viral RNA. We show that the HML-8-derived region functions as a Rec-independent constitutive transport element (CTE), indicating the ancestral Rec–RcRE export system was replaced by a CTE mechanism.
Firing rate adaptation affords place cell theta sweeps, phase precession, and procession
Authors: Chu Tianhao , Ji Zilong , Zuo Junfeng , Mi Yuanyuan , Zhang Wen-hao , Huang Tiejun , Bush Daniel , Burgess Neil , Wu Si
Published: July 2024

Hippocampal place cells in freely moving rodents display both theta phase precession and procession, which is thought to play important roles in cognition, but the neural mechanism for producing theta phase shift remains largely unknown. Here, we show that firing rate adaptation within a continuous attractor neural network causes the neural activity bump to oscillate around the external input, resembling theta sweeps of decoded position during locomotion. These forward and backward sweeps naturally account for theta phase precession and procession of individual neurons, respectively. By tuning the adaptation strength, our model explains the difference between ‘bimodal cells’ showing interleaved phase precession and procession, and ‘unimodal cells’ in which phase precession predominates. Our model also explains the constant cycling of theta sweeps along different arms in a T-maze environment, the speed modulation of place cells’ firing frequency, and the continued phase shift after transient silencing of the hippocampus. We hope that this study will aid an understanding of the neural mechanism supporting theta phase coding in the brain.
Katanin, kinesin-13 and ataxin-2 inhibit premature interaction between maternal and paternal genomes in C. elegans zygotes
Authors: Beath Elizabeth A , Bailey Cynthia , Magadum Meghana Mahantesh , Qiu Shuyan , McNally Karen L , McNally Francis J
Published: July 2024

Fertilization occurs before completion of oocyte meiosis in the majority of animal species and sperm contents move long distances within zygotes of mouse and
C. elegans
. If incorporated into the meiotic spindle, paternal chromosomes could be expelled into a polar body resulting in lethal monosomy. Through live imaging of fertilization in
C. elegans
, we found that the microtubule disassembling enzymes, katanin and kinesin-13 limit long range movement of sperm contents and that maternal ataxin-2 maintains paternal DNA and paternal mitochondria as a cohesive unit that moves together. Depletion of katanin or double depletion of kinesin-13 and ataxin-2 resulted in capture of the sperm contents by the meiotic spindle. Thus limiting movement of sperm contents and maintaining cohesion of sperm contents within the zygote both contribute to preventing premature interaction between maternal and paternal genomes.
Success Story or Traumatic Experience? An Attempt to Integrate Trauma Theory with Oral History Research for the Interpretation of First-Person Stories
Authors: Jaago Tiiu ,   Institute of Cultural Research, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Published: July 2024

This article focuses on the following issues: (1) how a narrator describes life under political repression in a retrospective first-person story; (2) the extent to which such a story can be analysed from the perspective of trauma theory; (3) what the use of trauma theory in combination with the methods of folk narrative and oral history research can offer for a more diverse interpretation of such a story. The story selected for observation was written in 2001, focusing on events in Soviet Estonia (1940–1941, 1944–1991). At the time of telling this story, the Soviet era was publicly interpreted as a period of interruption of Estonian cultural and political continuity. Social scientists observed the Soviet period from the perspective of cultural trauma. In this way, the narrator presented complex past events in a framework that points to the restoration of historical justice. Although this story represents a positive attitude towards historical and cultural developments in Estonia, the analysis of this story indicates that traces of trauma can be found at the levels of the story that reflect the formation of the narrator’s identity.
Ethno-Graphics: Folklore and Baltic Printmaking in the Period of Late Socialism
Authors: Ķencis Toms ,   Institute of Literature, Folklore and Art, University of Latvia
Published: July 2024

Visual representations of folklore and mythology played an ambivalent role in Baltic art and society during late socialism. On the one hand, it was often a safe choice promoted by Soviet national cultural policy; on the other, artwork tapping into national and ethnic identities carried a subversive, anti-Soviet potential. Exploring folkloric themes, Baltic artists of the 1970s developed different strategies to navigate the cultural field between Soviet censorship, folklore revival, modern forms of expression, and resistance to sovietisation in their home countries. The renowned Estonian printmaker Kaljo Põllu (1934–2010) created a powerful fusion of ethnographic research and creative practice to re-imagine Finno-Ugric mythology and build an alternative foundation for Estonian identity. Latvian printmaker Dzidra Ezergaile (1926–2013) laid the groundwork for an ethno- and eco-critical approach towards Soviet modernisation through a novel visual exploration of Latvian folklore motifs. Finally, Lithuanian illustrator and monumental painter Birute Žilytė (b. 1930) revolutionised Lithuanian childhood imagery, providing Lithuanian folklore and myths with bright and brave contemporary forms. A postcolonial reading of Baltic printmaking during late socialism generates an interpretive grid for understanding the role of folklore and folklorism within broader cultural trends and political dispositions. A combination of folklore studies and art history might efficiently contribute also to gender studies and environmental humanities.
Comprehensive evaluation of drought stress on medicinal plants: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Uğur , Gören Hatice Kübra
Published: July 2024

Drought stress significantly affects plants by altering their physiological and biochemical processes, which can severely limit their growth and development. Similarly, drought has severe negative effects on medicinal plants, which are essential for healthcare. The effects are particularly significant in areas that rely mostly on traditional medicine, which might potentially jeopardize both global health and local economies. Understanding effects of droughts on medicinal plants is essential for developing strategies to enhance plant adaptability to drought stress, which is vital for sustaining agricultural productivity under changing climatic conditions. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted on 27 studies examining various parameters such as plant yield, chlorophyll content, relative water content, essential oil content, essential oil yield, non-enzymatic antioxidants, enzymatic antioxidants, phenols, flavonoids, and proline content. The analysis explored the effects of drought across different stress conditions (control, moderate, and severe) to gain deeper insights into the drought’s impact. The categorization of these stress conditions was based on field or soil capacity: control (100–80%), moderate (80–50%), and severe (below 50%). This classification was guided by the authors’ descriptions in their studies. According to meta-analysis results, enzymatic antioxidants emerge as the most responsive parameters to stress. Other parameters such as relative water content (RWC) and yield also exhibit considerable negative mean effect sizes under all three stress conditions. Therefore, when evaluating the impacts of drought stress on medicinal plants, it is beneficial to include these three parameters (enzymatic antioxidants, RWC, and yield) in an evaluation of drought stress. The chlorophyll content has been determined not to be a reliable indicator for measuring impact of drought stress. Also, measuring antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenols could be a better option than using radical scavenging methods like DPPH (2, 2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS (2, 2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)).
La resurrección de Jesús como plenificación del existencial crístico. Un aporte de la teología de Juan Alfaro a la antropología teológica contemporánea
Authors:   , Espinosa Arce Juan Pablo
Published: July 2024

La tesis que el lector tiene en sus manos tiene como propósito estudiar el pensamiento del teólogo jesuita español Juan Alfaro, en particular la cuestión de la resurrección de Jesús como plenitud del existencial crístico, de la cual surge una comprensión particular en torno al ser humano. A partir de esta mirada antropológica, se busca aportar algunas pistas y reflexiones al desarrollo de la antropología teológica contemporánea. A partir de la lectura y del análisis de la obra del mencionado teólogo, la investigación pretende recorrer el camino argumentativo de Juan Alfaro, el cual comienza desde el dato antropológico y filosófico para, desde él, transitar a una profundización teológica en orden al diálogo de la cristología con la antropología. Es por ello que la presente tesis trabaja sobre los elementos constitutivos de la propuesta del teólogo jesuita español, con el fin de reconocer, en sus aportes, una fuente sugerente de inspiración y construcción de una inteligencia teológica significativa para este tiempo. En particular, dicha significación tiene que ver con el carácter pascual de la existencia humana, vivida en el presente, y con la representación del existencial crístico, plenificado por la resurrección de Jesús, como la fuerza que anima los procesos de transformación y progreso de las relaciones humanas, de la historia y del mundo.
Evaluation of Effects of Food Addiction in Rat Model: An Experimental Study
Authors: Shanmugapriya S , Rajee S Saranya , Subhashini R
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Palatable foods have potent reinforcing effects that are mediated, partly, by an abrupt augmentation of dopaminergic neurotransmitters in the brain’s reward pathways. Food addiction to highly palatable foods contributes to the increasing prevalence of obesity. Aim: To evaluate the effect of food addiction on neurobehavioural parameters and the Behavioral Satiety Sequence (BSS) during restriction to a highly palatable diet in a food addiction rat model. Materials and Methods: The experimental study was conducted in the Pharmacology Department at PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India from April 2018 to January 2019. The study included six animals out of 28 female Sprague Dawley rats aged approximately 10 weeks and weighing 180-220 g were allocated to the control group and were fed a Standard Chow diet (SC) throughout the study. Twenty-two animals (induction group) were exposed to free choice between SC and a highly palatable Cafeteria Diet (CD), a mix of equal amounts of Bounty®, Snickers®, Mars®, and Milka® chocolate made into homogenous food pellets. After six weeks, 12 animals were randomly selected to have restricted access to the CD diet with free access to SC, while the rest continued to receive a free choice between the two diets for two weeks. Central Nervous System (CNS) parameters, BSS, 24-hour food intake, and body weight were recorded. Results: A significant decrease of 25.4 seconds (18.27%) in the mean time the CD restricted group stayed on the rotarod (113.6±8.31) seconds. and a reduced locomotor activity score of 46.92 (20.94%) in the CD access group in the actophotometer (177.08±5.29) compared to SC was noted. In the open field test, the CD restricted group demonstrated a 47.33% increase in grooming (12.0±1.11) and a 30% lower number of central squares crossed (2.80±0.57). In the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), the time spent in the open arm (15.00±8.10) was statistically lower (p=0.045). No statistically significant difference between groups was recorded in the forced swim or tail suspension tests. Disruption of the BSS in varying dimensions was apparent in both CD groups. Conclusion: The study has shown that anxiety and altered feeding behaviour were evident in the CD restricted rats in the food addiction model.
Efficacy of Simultaneous Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Virtual Reality Training on Sensory-motor and Cognitive Deficits among Stroke Patients: A Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Chauhan Priya , Das Sanjib K
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Stroke is a significant contributor to chronic impairment on a global scale, impacting millions of individuals each year. Despite the progress made in the field of stroke management, individuals frequently experience enduring sensorimotor and cognitive impairments that have a substantial influence on their quality of life and ability to live independently. Need of the study: Virtual Reality Training (VRT) consists of rigorous, repetitive sessions that promote cerebral-hemispheric integration through the creation of a stimulating environment that combines sensory and motor functions. It is anticipated that VRT and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) will stimulate the affected hemisphere while inhibiting the unaffected hemisphere. Voluntary movement is also crucial for interhemispheric interaction; therefore, the present research employs VRT for physical movements while stimulating across multiple regions of the brain. Aim: To investigate the combined efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Virtual Reality Training for sensorimotor and cognitive deficits among stroke patients. Materials and Methods: The present study will be a singleblind, prospective, randomised controlled trial recruiting 69 patients with unilateral stroke from Jaypee Hospital Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India for a continuous period of one year from July 2023 to June 2024 and will be allocated through block randomisation to one of the three treatment groups as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1- Simultaneous repetitive TMS (rTMS) and VRT, Group 2- rTMS combined with Sham VRT, and Group 3- VRT protocol combined with Sham Stimulation. Fugl Meyer Assessment (FMA), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (ACE III) will be measured at baseline and at the end of the fourth week.
Role of CKD273 in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Venugopal Veena , Selvarajan Sathya
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The development of novel biomarkers for kidney disease, especially DN, is becoming a focus of medical research. Serum creatinine and urine albumin measurements had been the gold standards for the diagnosis of DN until the advent of newer markers like Cystatin C, Kidney Injury Molecule-1, etc. Currently, there is no non invasive investigation for the prediction of DN. Nevertheless, the field of proteomics is advancing at a rapid pace, such that urinary proteomic biomarkers have found a spot in the diagnosis of DN. The role of the urinary proteomic Chronic Kidney Disease 273 (CKD273) classifier, in particular, has been demonstrated in early prediction. Aim: To highlight the performance of the CKD273 classifier in the early prediction of DN. Materials and Methods: Pubmed and Scopus databases were extensively searched using the keywords diabetes, DM, renal disease or kidney disease, proteomics or peptide, urinary markers or biomarkers. Full-text original articles conducted on humans and written in English, published between 2014 and 2022, specifically prospective and retrospective observational studies, crosssectional studies, Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT), and casecontrol studies investigating the efficacy of the urinary biomarker CKD273 in the prediction of DN were included in the review. The literature search, strictly based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, led to the identification of eight relevant studies, which were included in the present review. The quality and Risk of Bias (RoB) of the selected articles were assessed using the Newcastle Ottowa scale (NOS) and Risk Of Bias 2 (ROB2) tool. Results: The selected studies proved the efficacy of the urinary proteomic classifier CKD273 as a cost-effective biomarker in predicting the decline in renal function in both normoalbuminuric diabetics and DN patients. Conclusion: Based on the articles included in the present systematic review, it has been found that CKD273 plays a vital role in the early prediction of renal dysfunction in normoalbuminuric diabetics as well as in the detection of progressing renal disease in DN patients. It has also been found to be cost-effective compared to established markers such as estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), Urine Albumin Excretion Rate (UAER), etc.
A Rare Case of Tubular Stomach in an 80-Year-Old Female Cadaver
Authors: Mandal Monalisa , Shivanal Uma , Srikantaiah Vidya Chikkarahalli , Gowda Manjunatha Hanasoge Narayana , Mohan Surabhi
Published: July 2024

The stomach is a muscular bag that forms the most dilated part of the gastrointestinal tract. It serves as a reservoir for food and aids in the conversion of food into chyme under the influence of hydrochloric acid. The stomach is prone to conditions such as peptic ulcers, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), birth defects like Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS) and stomach carcinoma. Surgical manipulation of the stomach is performed by bariatric surgeons for treating obesity. A comprehensive understanding of stomach variations helps clinicians identify developmental defects during disease diagnosis and prevents inadvertent damage during surgeries. In a recent case involving a specimen obtained for studying anatomical stomach variations and histological alterations, an unusual tubular stomach was discovered in an 80-year-old female cadaver during routine dissection by medical students in the Department of Anatomy. The stomach was dissected by cutting through the oesophagus superiorly and the pyloric duodenal junction inferiorly, and then removed from the abdominal cavity. An incision was made along the greater curvature of the stomach for internal examination. This tubular-shaped stomach had a smaller number of rugae and measured 28 cm in length. Tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination using Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain. Different stomach shapes are closely linked to organogenesis. Various acquired stomach variations are clinically significant, such as those occurring in oesophagectomy, which involves the surgical division of the vagal nerve and vagal sparing oesophagectomy, a procedure for weight loss.
Association of Serum Hydrogen Sulphide Levels and Dyslipidaemia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhattacharya Ipsita , Prasad Ankita , Bhattacharya Ankita , Saha Pinaki , Roy Nirmalya , Saha Arpita , Biswas Indira Bhaskar
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Dyslipidaemia is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease. Oxidative damage to plasma lipoproteins ultimately results in the development of atherosclerosis. Since Hydrogen Sulphide (H2 S) is a cytoprotective molecule in oxidative stress, decreased H2 S levels may be a cause of dyslipidaemia. Aim: To determine the relationship between the serum levels of H2 S with serum Triglycerides (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), and High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) in cases of dyslipidaemia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and June 2023 in the Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine at KPC Medical College, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Serum lipid profile {TC, TGs, HDL-C, and Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) (calculated by Friedewald’s equation)} and serum H2 S were measured in 70 cases of dyslipidaemia {according to National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria} aged between 30 to 80 years and compared with an equal number of healthy volunteers as controls. The means of continuous variables were compared by independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. The Chi-square test was applied to compare gender distribution. Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated for normal and non normal distributions, respectively. Results: The mean age of dyslipidaemic patients (54.54 years±11.19) was significantly (p=0.0017) higher than that of the controls (47.02 years±16.18). Among the 70 cases of dyslipidaemia, 38 participants were male and 32 were female, while among the healthy controls (n=70), 42 participants were male and 28 were female. The serum H2 S levels in cases of dyslipidaemia (37.91±6.28 μmol/L) were significantly lower than in the healthy controls (58.52±12.92, p<0.01 μmol/L). A significant positive correlation was found between serum H2 S levels and HDL-cholesterol (r=0.81, p<0.001), whereas a negative correlation was found between serum H2 S and TG levels (r=-0.55, p<0.001). Conclusion: In the present study, dyslipidaemia was associated with decreased levels of serum H2 S. Serum H2 S was positively correlated with serum HDL and negatively correlated with serum TG levels.
Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, Physico-Chemical and Sensory Properties of Yam-Based Cookies Produced from Flours of Five Yam Varieties
Authors: Kundam Dorcas Nguemo , Ikya Julius K. , Alakali Joseph S.
Published: July 2024

The aspiration to reduce post-harvest losses of yams via the promotion of utilisation of the abundant readily available raw materials for industrial purposes and production of health-enhancing foods prompted this research. This work focused on evaluating the phytochemical, antioxidant, physicochemical and sensory properties of yam-based cookies produced from the flours of five yam varieties. Established standard procedures were used in all analyses. Results showed; Phytochemical compounds such as phenols, flavanoids, alkaloids and tannins were found present in the yam-based cookies in the range of 0.24- 0.37mg/100g, 0.26- 0.40 mg/100g, 0.6- 2.13mg/100g and 0.01- 0.17mg/100g. Saponin was not detected in all the yam flour cookies. Only a trace of 0.05 mg/100g was observed in wheat flour cookies (the control), Antioxidant activities of the yam-based cookies revealed that DPPH, FRAP, MCA, HRSA and SRSA ranged from 41.19-84.32, 0.29-0.95, 34.15-78.51, 29.64-69.54 and 24.13- 81.52 accordingly. Gluthanion was used as standard. The general trend observed was that, in all cases; sample HKC had the least antioxidant activities, OGC and ARC had higher antioxidant activities among the yam-based cookies, while GSH (the control) had the highest. The proximate values for Moisture, ash, crude fiber, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate and energy of yam-based cookies ranged from 7.31- 8.80%, 1.10 - 2.30%, 0.13 – 4.27%, 8.53-10.48%, 2.24 – 3.84%, 73.70-78.38% and 334.06-359.28 Kcal/100g. Physical properties of the Yam-based cookies such as diameter, width, thickness, weight, Spread ratio, spread factor and fragility ranged from 3.70-4.67 cm, 23.93-28.00 cm, 2.63-4.33cm, 5.16-9.67g, 0.83-1.64, 54.63-106.84 and 430.00-790.00g respectively. Cookies from all samples showed good physical quality features for the production cookies and biscuits. Sensory properties such as appearance, texture, crispiness aroma, taste and general acceptability of yam-based cookies ranged from 5.32-8.30, 6.48-8.44, 7.50-8.44, 6.36-7.68, 7.48-8.50, and 6.30-7.84 on a 9-point hedonic scale. Data from this study proved that it was feasible to produce acceptable cookies from the flours of the five yam varieties selected. Overall, samples GBC and ARC cookies competed favorably with the control-wheat cookies and are recommended for mass production. In Particular, sample ARC also combined good nutritional, phytochemical quality and strong antioxidant activities that could be of health benefits to consumers.
Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Strain-specific Antibody Titres in Naturally Infected or Vaccinated Bulls in Kenya
Authors: Simbauni Jemimah , Kavuso Michael M. , Mutiso Joshua M. , Ayako Rebeccah M. , Gicheru Michael M.
Published: July 2024

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a global viral infection that causes vesicular lesions in and around the mouth and feet, causing reluctance of animals to eat or move. In Kenya, bulls raised for AI receive vaccinations against FMD, but it is unclear if these animals experience vaccine-induced immunity. No research has been conducted to determine if animals in endemic areas develop natural immunity or whether animals in disease-free regions might be seropositive. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and levels of foot and mouth disease virus infection-triggered and vaccine-induced antibodies. A cross-sectional study was conducted on bulls farmed for AI production and vaccinated against FMD. Antibodies were quantified using a virus-neutralization test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Kruskal-Wallis test with Tukey and Dunn post-tests, respectively, were used to examine the data using the GraphPad InStat program. Additionally, the Spearman test was employed for correlation analysis and the t-test for intergroup differences analysis. A statistically significant P value was defined as less than 0.05. Findings showed protective antibody levels were present in 23%, 10.3%, 2.6%, and 7.7% of the animals in the FMD non-endemic region against the FMD virus strains O, A, SAT 1, and SAT 2, respectively. The protection provided by the O strain virus was significantly greater than that of SAT 1 (P = 0.01). In the FMD endemic area, all sampled animals showed protection levels at 100%, 100%, 100% and 29% for virus strains O, A, SAT 1, and SAT 2 respectively with the antibody titres showing significant differences (P < 0.05) for all the intergroup analysis except between strains O vs SAT 1 and A vs SAT 1 (P > 0.05). To conclude, the current research suggests that FMD may be making a comeback in the areas where the illness is not established. Furthermore, it seems that sperm recovery upon freezing is somewhat mitigated by FMDV-specific antibodies. The study advises monitoring FMD in areas where the illness is not endemic and confirms the current findings with larger sample sizes to enable more informed decision-making.
The Impact of Silica Addition on Floc Volume Density in the Biofloc System for Juvenile Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Ihsan Ryan Mochamad , Subhan Ujang , Dewanti Lantun Paradhita , Iskandar
Published: July 2024

Biofloc technology is a solution to the problem of waste management in aquaculture. Biofloc systems are beneficial because they not only reduce inorganic nitrogen waste from feed residues and fish excrement but also produce flocs. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of silica addition on floc volume density in the biofloc system for juvenile red tilapia. The research was conducted from January to March 2024 at the Center of Excellence in Science and Technology (PUI-PT) for Functional Nano Powder at Padjadjaran University. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method with four treatments and three replications. The treatments used were (A) control, (B) 15 ppm silica, (C) 20 ppm silica, and (D) 25 ppm silica. The study used cylindrical containers with a capacity of 19 liters filled with 15 liters of water, a stocking density of 10 juvenile red tilapia per cylinder, with the juvenile  measuring 3-4 cm and weighing 3-4 g. The parameters observed were floc volume density and water quality. The data on floc volume density and water quality were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the addition of 25 ppm silica in the biofloc system was the best treatment for floc volume density. This was evidenced by the results in treatment D (25 ppm) achieving a floc volume density of 26.5 ml/L, which falls into the dense category. Therefore, the addition of silica concentration in the biofloc system can increase floc volume density.
Effect of Application of Elemental Sulphur Incubated with Different Organic Amendments on Yield and Quality of Groundnut in Sulphur Deficient Inceptisol Soil
Authors: Kolape Sampat Shankar , Malgonda Patil Ashish , Tathe Archana Sachin
Published: July 2024

Aim: Under intensive farming system, use of high analysis fertilizers with rare use of organic manures, depleted the organic carbon status in the soil leads to decrease in productivity though applying improved technologies. After N, P, K fourth major nutrient now days considered as S (Sulphur) which play important role in oilseed and pulse crop productivity and its application with organics to soil found beneficial. Considering this, the proposed research as “Effect of Application of Elemental Sulphur Incubated with Different Organic Amendments on Yield and Quality of Groundnut in Sulphur Deficient Inceptisol Soil.” was carried out with five organic amendments having different quality and maturity parameters which showed the significant results with yield and quality of Kharif groundnut.
Study Design: Randomized Block design with seven treatments and four replications.
Place and Duration of the Study: The field research trial was conducted during Kharif 2019 at Post Graduate Farm, College of Agriculture, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
Methodology: As per the treatments details, the five organic amendments viz: FYM, Vermicompost, Press mud compost, Poultry manure, and City waste compost were incubated with 40 kg ha-1 elemental Sulphur for 30 days prior to application in field plots. The treatment wise incubated organic amendments and RDF applied to groundnut crop. The initial soil analysis, initial and after incubation, the characteristics and quality and maturity parameters of five organic amendments were analyzed by using standard methods. The growth observations and post-harvest observation of groundnut crop were recorded and data were analyzed  statistically.
Results: The application of different organic amendments incubated with elemental Sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 namely FYM, Vermicompost, Press mud compost, Poultry manure, and City waste compost along with RDF to Kharif groundnut in Sulphur Deficient Inceptisol soil, significantly improved yield contributing characters, dry pod, haulm yields, protein and oil content as compared to absolute control and RDF. Amongst the different organic amendments, application of good quality and maturity poultry manure and vermicompost found significantly superior over rest of organic amendments incubated with Sulphur for  improving the growth, dry pod, haulm yields, protein and oil content as compared rest of organic amendments.
Qualitative Assessment of Flours from Five Varieties of Yam in Benue State Nigeria
Authors: Kundam Dorcas Nguemo , Ikya Julius K. , Alakali Joseph S. , Bongjo Ndi Betrand
Published: July 2024

Need to reduce post-harvest losses of Benue yams birthed this research. The study investigated the functional, pasting properties and nutritional composition of high quality flours produced from five Yam varieties in Benue State, Nigeria. The functional and pasting properties and nutritional composition of flours produced from five yam varieties in Benue State, Nigeria. Their  bulk density (0.70-0.84 g/cm3), dispersibility (23.17-39.33g/mL), water (0.87-2.53mL/g) and oil (0.93-2.03mL/g) absorption capacities, swelling index (0.92-2.07mL/g) and capacity ranged from 146.30-265.82%., The peak viscosity, trough, breakdown, final viscosity, set back, peak time and pasting temperature, ranged from 1285.00-4586.33 RVU, 1102.00-4035.00 RVU, 57.07-1046.00 RVU, 1878.33-6428.00 RVU, 688.00-2393.33 RVU - (Rapid Viscometric Unit), 5.40-7.20mins and 81.50-88.85oC., The moisture content, ash, crude fiber, protein, fat, carbohydrates and energy values ranged from 7.61-9.70%, 0.05-3.80%, 0.10-4.82%, 7.77-9.27%, 1.19-1.51 %; 75.09-79.55% and 326.50-343.52 kcal., The Vitamins: A (0.66.41-807.55 mg/100 g), C (23.40-28.73mg/100 g), E (0.08-1.24 mg/100 g), K (0.12-0.74 mg/100 g) and B1 ranged from 0.73-0.83 mg/100 g) while vitamin D was negligible in all samples., The Minerals sodium, potassium, Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, manganese and zinc  ranged from 47.42-59.73 mg/100 g, 69.01-123.51 mg/100 g, 25.28-33.01 mg/100 g, 39.18-58.02 mg/100 g, 0.04-0.12 mg/100 g, 2.95-5.43 mg/100 g and 0.79-1.25 mg/100 g respectively. Results revealed that, Sample AR (Amura yam flour) could be regarded to have the best quality of all parameters evaluated compared to all the other yam flours. Though generally, the physico-chemical properties of the yam flours compared favourably with the wheat flour used as control, therefore, they all exhibited good qualities of flours for baking of confectioneries.
Spatial and Temporal Trends in Precipitation and Temperature and their Influence on Groundwater in Ballia
Authors: Singh Vijeta , Sherring Arpan , Kumar Sumant , Suryavanshi Shakti , Mishra Prabhash Kumar
Published: July 2024

A study examined the impact of long-term pre- and post-monsoon precipitation and temperature on groundwater level fluctuations in 17 blocks of Ballia District. The study used 100 years of daily precipitation data (1917-2016) and 62 years of daily temperature data (1951-2012) from the Indian Meteorological Department. Seasonal analysis was performed using pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter data. The Mann-Kendall method and Sen's slope were applied. The spatial variability of rainfall and temperature was mapped using the IDW technique in ArcGIS. Significant annual precipitation decreases were found in Murlichapra and Sear blocks. Maniar and Pandah blocks showed precipitation increases. An increasing pre-monsoon trend was observed in several blocks, while post-monsoon trends varied. Groundwater levels fluctuated across Ballia, with a notable decrease of 2.1 m in Bairia Block from 2006 to 2016.