bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leaf phenology as one important driver of seasonal changes in isoprene emissions in central Amazonia
Authors: Alves Eliane G. , Tóta Julio , Turnipseed Andrew , Guenther Alex B. , Vega Bustillos José Oscar W. , Santana Raoni A. , Cirino Glauber G. , Tavares Julia V. , Lopes Aline P. , Nelson Bruce W. , de Souza Rodrigo A. , Gu Dasa , Stavrakou Trissevgeni , Adams David K. , Wu Jin , Saleska Scott , Manzi Antonio O.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Isoprene fluxes vary seasonally with changes in environmental factors (e.g.,
solar radiation and temperature) and biological factors (e.g., leaf
phenology). However, our understanding of the seasonal patterns of isoprene
fluxes and the associated mechanistic controls is still limited, especially in
Amazonian evergreen forests. In this paper, we aim to connect intensive,
field-based measurements of canopy isoprene flux over a central Amazonian
evergreen forest site with meteorological observations and with tower-mounted camera leaf phenology to improve our understanding of patterns and causes
of isoprene flux seasonality. Our results demonstrate that the highest
isoprene emissions are observed during the dry and dry-to-wet transition
seasons, whereas the lowest emissions were found during the wet-to-dry
transition season. Our results also indicate that light and temperature cannot totally explain isoprene flux seasonality. Instead, the camera-derived
leaf area index (LAI) of recently mature leaf age class (e.g., leaf ages of
3–5 months) exhibits the highest correlation with observed isoprene flux
seasonality (R2=0.59, p<0.05). Attempting to better represent
leaf phenology in the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature
(MEGAN 2.1), we improved the leaf age algorithm by utilizing results from the
camera-derived leaf phenology that provided LAI categorized into three
different leaf ages. The model results show that the observations of
age-dependent isoprene emission capacity, in conjunction with camera-derived
leaf age demography, significantly improved simulations in terms of seasonal
variations in isoprene fluxes (R2=0.52, p<0.05). This study
highlights the importance of accounting for differences in isoprene emission
capacity across canopy leaf age classes and identifying forest adaptive
mechanisms that underlie seasonal variation in isoprene emissions in
Amazonia.
Consideration of NDVI Thematic Changes on Density Analysis and Floristic Composition of Wadi Yalamlam, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldhebiani Amal Y. , Elhag Mohamed , Hegazy Ahmad K. , Galal Hanaa K. , Mufareh Norah S.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Wadi Yalamlam is known as one of the significant Wadies in the west of Saudi Arabia. It is a very important water source for the western region of the country. Thus, it supplies the holy places in Mecca and the surrounding areas with drinking water. Floristic composition of Wadi Yalamlam has not been comprehensively studied. For that reason, this work aimed to assess the Wadi vegetation cover, life-form, chorotype, diversity, and community structure. The Wadi was divided into seven stands. Stands 7, 1 and 3 were the richest with the highest Shannon index 2.98, 2.69 and 2.64 respectively. On the other hand, stand 6 has the least plant biodiversity with Shannon index of 1.8. The study also revealed the presence of 48 different plant species belonging to 24 families. Fabaceae (17 %) and Poaceae (13 %) were the main families that form most of the vegetation in the study area, while many families were represented only by 2% of the vegetation of the Wadi.
Comparison of spatial downscaling methods of general circulation model results to study climate variability during the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Latombe Guillaume , Burke Ariane , Vrac Mathieu , Levavasseur Guillaume , Dumas Christophe , Kageyama Masa , Ramstein Gilles
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The extent to which climate conditions influenced the spatial
distribution of hominin populations in the past is highly debated.
General circulation models (GCMs) and archaeological data have been
used to address this issue. Most GCMs are not currently capable of
simulating past surface climate conditions with sufficiently
detailed spatial resolution to distinguish areas of potential
hominin habitat, however. In this paper, we propose a statistical
downscaling method (SDM) for increasing the resolution of climate
model outputs in a computationally efficient way. Our method uses a
generalised additive model (GAM), calibrated over present-day
climatology data, to statistically downscale temperature and
precipitation time series from the outputs of a GCM simulating the
climate of the Last Glacial Maximum (19 000–23 000 BP) over western
Europe. Once the SDM is calibrated, we first interpolate the
coarse-scale GCM outputs to the final resolution and then use the
GAM to compute surface air temperature and precipitation levels
using these interpolated GCM outputs and fine-resolution
geographical variables such as topography and distance from an
ocean. The GAM acts as a transfer function, capturing non-linear
relationships between variables at different spatial scales and
correcting for the GCM biases. We tested three different techniques
for the first interpolation of GCM output: bilinear, bicubic and
kriging. The resulting SDMs were evaluated by comparing downscaled
temperature and precipitation at local sites with paleoclimate
reconstructions based on paleoclimate archives (archaeozoological
and palynological data) and the impact of the interpolation
technique on patterns of variability was explored. The SDM based on
kriging interpolation, providing the best accuracy, was then
validated on present-day data outside of the calibration period. Our
results show that the downscaled temperature and precipitation
values are in good agreement with paleoclimate reconstructions at
local sites, and that our method for producing fine-grained
paleoclimate simulations is therefore suitable for conducting
paleo-anthropological research. It is nonetheless important to
calibrate the GAM on a range of data encompassing the data to be
downscaled. Otherwise, the SDM is likely to overcorrect the
coarse-grain data. In addition, the bilinear and bicubic
interpolation techniques were shown to distort either the temporal
variability or the values of the response variables, while the
kriging method offered the best compromise. Since climate
variability is an aspect of the environment to which human
populations may have responded in the past, the choice of
interpolation technique is therefore an important consideration.
Analysis of the effects of biases in ESP forecasts on electricity
production in hydropower reservoir management
Authors: Arsenault Richard , Côté Pascal
Published: July 2018

Abstract. This paper presents an analysis of the effects of biased Extended Streamflow Prediction (ESP) forecasts on three deterministic optimization techniques implemented in a simulated operational context with a rolling horizon testbed for managing a cascade of hydroelectric reservoirs and generating stations in Québec, Canada. The observed weather data was fed to the hydrological model and the synthetic streamflow thus generated was considered as a proxy for the observed inflow. A traditional, climatology-based ESP forecast approach was used to generate ensemble streamflow scenarios, which were used by three reservoir management optimization approaches. Both positive and negative biases were then forced into the ensembles by multiplying the streamflow values by constant factors. The optimization method’s response to those biases was measured through the evaluation of the average annual energy generation in a forward-rolling simulation test-bed in which the entire system is precisely and accurately modeled. The ensemble climate data forecasts, the hydrological modeling and ESP forecast generation, optimization model and decision-making process are all integrated, as is the simulation model that updates reservoir levels and computes generation at each time step. The study focused on one hydropower system both with and without minimum base load constraints. This study finds that the tested deterministic optimization algorithms lack the capacity to compensate for uncertainty in future inflows and therefore increases the odds of forced spillage by attempting to maximize short-term profit by keeping a higher net head. It is shown that for this particular system, an increase in ESP forecast inflows of approximately 5 % allows managing the reservoirs at optimal levels and producing the most energy on average, effectively negating the deterministic model's tendency to underestimate the risk of spilling. Finally, it is shown that implementing minimum load constraints serves as a de facto control on deterministic bias by forcing the system to draw more water from the reservoirs than what the models consider optimal trajectories.
Ideología de género en las narrativas "quirky" del cine americano: el estereotipo de la manic "pixie dream girl"
Authors: Vázquez Rodríguez Lucía Gloria
Published: July 2018

Han pasado ya siete años desde que en 2010 James MacDowell detectara una nueva sensibilidad estética y narrativa dentro del cine independiente estadounidense, caracterizada por el equilibrio tonal entre el distanciamiento irónico y la sinceridad emocional. Desde entonces, la palabra quirky (peculiar en inglés) se ha asociado a las producciones de directores como Jim Jarmusch, Wes Anderson, o Michel Gondry, convirtiéndose en un adjetivo comodín aplicado a cualquier película protagonizada por personajes excéntricos, dotada de un lenguaje visual perfeccionista, y con una cierta ingenuidad infantil en el tono y en el trato de las situaciones. Estas producciones apelan a la sentimentalidad de un espectador millennial que ya no es tan cínico ni tan comprometido políticamente como sus antecesores; de hecho, las transgresiones narrativas y formales que caracterizan lo quirky nunca llegan al terreno de lo político para plantearse cuestiones de género, raza, o clase, sino que se quedan en la superficie. En este sentido, el estereotipo de la Manic Pixie Dream Girl es perfecto exponente de esta estética de lo peculiar; su ambivalente relación con las ideologías postfeministas (sexualidad neoliberal vs feminidad tradicional) es más una seña de identidad que fruto de un compromiso político, mientras que su aspecto aniñado y su actitud naïve responden a esa ingenuidad buscada de la sensibilidad quirky. Asimismo, la falta de profundidad de Manic Pixie Dream Girls paradigmáticas como Summer (500 días juntos) o Ruby Sparks, definidas más por sus gustos musicales o su manera de vestir que por sus ambiciones o miedos responde al predominio postmoderno de la forma que caracteriza la estética quirky.
Activismo en festivales LGTBIQ+ de cine; planteamieno Queer en la obra de Juanma Carrillo
Authors: Bernabé Hernández Josué
Published: July 2018

Los festivales LGTBIQ+ de cine nacidos desde los movimientos sociales funcionan como una forma de activismo ofreciendo una mirada desde dentro de la propia comunidad y mostrando a través del cortometraje, alguno de los relatos más transgresores y críticos con el sistema de representación de las diversas identidades. Partiendo de la Teoría Queer, se toman las herramientas para abordar este objeto de estudio, mediante el análisis fílmico del trabajo de Juanma Carrillo, donde se explicitará como las imágenes tienen el poder transformador en la percepción de distintas subjetividades, articulando un discurso alternativo a la hegemónica mirada heterocentrista.
Machismo: en busca del "game over". Representaciones de género en los videojuegos más populares de Costa Rica
Authors: Salas Guzmán Margarita
Published: July 2018

Frente a la creciente importancia que tienen los videojuegos en el uso del tiempo libre, quienes buscamos la deconstrucción de los estereotipos de género en favor del reconocimiento de la igualdad de oportunidades y derechos entre las personas, nos preguntamos ¿cuáles son los roles y representaciones de género que están modelando los juegos de video?El presente artículo de investigación busca dar cuenta de la realidad costarricense, de las representaciones de género presentes en los videojuegos más populares de Costa Rica. Para ello, se realizó un análisis de contenido de los cuatro juegos más populares de role playing en el país, utilizados en los sistemas operativos de dispositivos móviles de mayor penetración en el país: Android y Apple.
La identificación de las empresas de economía social en España. Problemática jurídica
Authors: Fajardo García Gemma
Published: July 2018

La Ley de Economía Social 5/2001 nace con el objetivo de configurar un marco jurídico que de visibilidad a la economía social y le otorgue mayor seguridad jurídica; y con esta finalidad define la economía social y establece los requisitos que deben cumplir las entidades denominadas de economía social. Esos requisitos hacen referencia a la condición de entidad privada, al desarrollo de una actividad económica con criterios empresariales y al cumplimiento de ciertos fines y principios. Las entidades de la economía social deben perseguir el interés general, de forma directa o en conjunción con los intereses de sus miembros usuarios, y deben actuar conforme con ciertos principios que pueden calificarse en estructurales y funcionales. Las entidades de la economía social serán aquellas incorporadas al catálogo. El catálogo no es un registro de entidades particulares sino un listado de tipos o categorías de entidades). Estas entidades serán tenidas en cuenta para la elaboración de la información estadística y podrán ser beneficiarias de las políticas de fomento de la economía social. La calificación de una entidad como de economía social se realiza ope legis en el caso previsto en el art. 5.1 de la ley o tras su incorporación al catálogo una vez comprobado el cumplimiento de los requisitos que exige la ley. Es necesario regular reglamentariamente los criterios que deben tenerse en consideración para determinar si se cumplen los fines y principios de la economía social. En cuanto a la acreditación del cumplimiento de esos requisitos por las entidades incorporadas al catálogo, podría ser exigible por la Administración como condición para ser beneficiaria de las medidas de apoyo a la economía social; pero sobre todo deberían ser las propias entidades de la economía social las que asumieran voluntariamente la evaluación del cumplimiento de esos requisitos y su difusión, principalmente a través de la Memoria del ejercicio económico
ORGANIC APPLE JUICE CLARIFICATION: PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY EVALUATION
Authors: Lauret Richard , Sartori Maria Márcia Pereira , Imaizumi Vitor Massami , Brunelli Luciana Trevisan , Venturini Filho Waldemar Gastoni
Published: July 2018

In the Brazilian market of non-alcoholic beverages, apple juice is found clarified orturbid. In addition to its consumption as juice itself and nectar, it can also be used in soft drinks formulation.The aim of this work was to clarify organic apple juice of Eva variety using enzymatic complex (pectinases), gelatin and bentonite (phase 1) and to compare physicochemical and sensorial clarified and unclarified Eva apple juices (phase 2). The experimental design was completely randomized. In phase 1, the tests were performed on bench scale, adopting a factorial schedule and in phase 2, the tests were performed on a pilot plant scale. Parameters such assoluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio, pH, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, phenolic compounds, turbidity and color were evaluated for the physicochemical characterization of juices. The sensory analysis of juices wereperformed by affective test (hedonic scale). In phase 1, the best juice clarification results were obtained using the enzymatic complex, gelatin at concentrations of 8, 10 and 12 g.100 L-1 and bentonite at 50 g.100 L-1, with final juice filtration in paper of 28 μm pore. In phase 2, the clarification process interferedon physicochemical characteristics of the juice for all analyzed parameters, except for total reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars. Despite differences in physicochemical composition, the panel of tasters showed equal acceptability between clarified and unclarified juices
IMPROVEMENT IN SOYBEAN SPROUTS PRODUCTION WITH ULTRASOUND POWER
Authors: LOSADO VAGNER ALEX MENDES , CANTELLI KELI CRISTINA , STEFFENS JULIANA , STEFFENS CLARICE , CARRÃO-PANIZZI MERCEDES CONCÓRDIA
Published: July 2018

The present work aimed the application of different ultrasound powers (10, 50 and 90W) to evaluate the germination and characteristics of soybean sprouts fromsoybeans of cultivar BRS 216 and 3 lines (A, B and C). In the germination test,the line A showed the highest percentage of germination (96% for 90W).The cultivar BRS 216 and line A present lower values of weight and higher yield of sprouts. The viable sprouts that presented the highest weight (for each 50g of soybean) were: line A followed by BRS 216, line C and B, with statistical differences (p<0.05) between them. For each 50g of soybean of cultivar BRS 216 and Lines A, B and C the production of viable sprouts was 231.47; 237.87; 170.74 and 199.94g, respectively, for 90W. In relation to the length of the sprouts using the power of 10W the line C presented a longer length. The line A using 90W showed better color characteristics. The highest protein value was found in cultivar BRS 216, for all applied potencies. With this work it can be concluded that the line A would be the most suitable for sprout production regardless of the ultrasound power applied
EFFECTS OF THE ADDITION OF SUGARS ON THE THERMOSTABILITY OF BETANIN FROM Beta vulgaris L.
Authors: IZAGUIRRES GABRIELLE G. , RODRIGUES SACHA K. C. , DA SILVA LAÍS S. , GRANDINI CAMILA P. , ANTELO FRANCINE
Published: July 2018

O impacto da adição de açúcares na estabilidade das betaninas de Beta vulgaris L. (beterraba) durante o tratamento térmico entre 50 e 80°C e pH 5 foi investigado. A degradação das betaninas pura e adicionada de 10% de sacarose e 40% de frutose seguiu modelo de cinética de primeira ordem e conforme aumento da temperatura, houve aumento dos valores da constante de degradação térmica (Kd), redução na meia-vida e nos valores do tempo de redução decimal (D). Termodinamicamente, apresentando valores de variação de entalpia (ΔH) mais altos (entre 99,66 e 99,41 kJ mol-1) que o extrato com a adição de sacarose (entre 85,27 e 85,03 kJ mol-1) e controle (entre 78,85 e 78,61 kJ mol-1), a incorporação de frutose foi mais promissora no aumento da estabilidade do extrato de betaninas. Os valores positivos para a variação da energia livre de Gibbs (ΔG) indicaram que a reação de degradação das betaninas foi não-espontânea e os baixos valores da variação de entropia (ΔS) para o extrato com frutose (entre 0,02 e 0,03 J mol-1K-1) indicaram que o estado do material estava próximo ao seu equilíbrio termodinâmico
BIOSORPTION EVALUATION OF SYNTHETICDYE FROM FOOD INDUSTRY WASTEWATER ONTO SILKWORMCOCOONS: PRELIMINARY STUDIES
Authors: DUSI GIOVANA GONÇALVES , CANTELI ANDERSON MARCOS DIAS , KARP JOEL ROBERT , MAFRA LUCIANA IGARASHI , SCHEER AGNES DE PAULA , DA SILVA VITOR RENAN
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate thesynthetic azo dye (tartrazine) biosorption onto second line silkworm cocoons. Batch adsorption system was used to investigate the effect of pH and initial tartrazine concentration in theliquid phase. Also, the kinetic mechanismwas investigated at 20°C and pH 2.0.The highest adsorption was obtained at the lowest pH evaluated, while the assays with pH above 3.0 did not show significant adsorption at the first hour of theprocess, indicating that biosorption is more favorable at lower values ofpH.The adsorption kinetic was studied at pH 2.0andcompared withthe kinetic mechanism ofconvective mass transfer and diffusion models.The kinetic behavior of biosorption process showed a high amount of dye adsorbedat the beginning of the process, however, after saturation of the functional groups, the adsorption rate decreased over time until saturation. After 24 hours of batch operation, the uptake of tartrazine onto silkworm cocoons was 40.39 mg g-1,and the rate of adsorption reduces from 3.430 to 0.003 mg min-1g-1, suggesting that the process approaches the equilibrium. The Crank model provided the best fit. The results revealed that silkworm cocoons have the potential to be used as a biosorbent for wastewater treatment containing tartrazine
Financial Development and Tax Revenue: How Catalytic Are Political Development and Corruption?
Authors: Nnyanzi John Bosco , Bbale John Mayanja , Sendi Richard
Published: July 2018

Increasing domestic revenue mobilization remains a challenge for many governments, particularly in low-income countries. Using a sample of East African countries, the study sets off to investigate the impact of financial development from a multi-dimensional perspective on tax revenues for the period 1990 to 2014, and how political development and the control of corruption would enhance the observed nexus. The dynamic panel results from the system GMM estimation approach indicate a significant role of financial development overall and the financial institutions and financial markets in particular. A disaggregation of the duo suggests that it is the depth of financial institutions that greatly matters for tax revenue, with a one per cent change expected to yield about 0.26 per cent change in tax collections. It is then followed by their level of accessibility, financial market depth and efficiency. We fail to find significant evidence in support of financial market access and financial institutions efficiency although the possibility for the latter seems indismissible. Further evidence points to the catalytic nature of a good institutional and political environment in pursuit of higher tax-GDP ratio via financial development. Policies to promote the depth and accessibility of financial institutions as well the depth and efficiency of financial markets in East Africa alongside well-focused anti-corruption programs and democratic governance are likely to yield better fiscal outcomes in terms of domestic tax revenues critically needed to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We also confirm the positive role played by the lagged tax revenue, per capita GDP, trade openness, debt-to-GDP ratio and population density in the tax effort.
As Dimensões da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho em Empresas Privadas
Authors: Mesquita Rafael Fernandes de , Ávila Ana Paula Holanda Lima , Matos Fátima Regina Ney , Mesquita Júnior Paulo José de
Published: July 2018

A qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) surge na literatura acadêmica em meados do século XX a partir da interdisciplinaridade entre áreas do conhecimento humano para solucionar os problemas da relação entre a engenharia de produção de bens e a dimensão da vida dos indivíduos fora do ambiente de trabalho. Neste trabalho, procuramos preencher gaps que persistem neste campo científico ao validar um instrumento de avaliação da QVT em empresas privadas, baseado nos trabalhos de Walton (1973) e já aplicado ao setor público. O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar as variáveis explicativas da QVT do empregado privado. Para isso, utilizou-se de uma abordagem metodológica quantitativa com técnicas de análise fatorial e regressão múltipla. Os resultados apontam as condições de trabalho seguras e saudáveis como fator preponderante e o modelo testado foi validado, tornando-se possíveis suas réplicas em outros contextos empíricos e a ampliação de seu escopo.
Utilização da técnica seis sigma para redução de sobrepeso de matéria prima nos produtos em conserva
Authors: Chiminelli Cristiano
Published: July 2018

Devido a um ambiente cada vez mais competitivo, as empresas estão buscando novas formas de aperfeiçoamento de seus processos e produtos. Este artigo tem objetivo de apresentar como a utilização da técnica Seis Sigma pode contribuir para redução de desperdício de matéria prima no processo de envaze de uma empresa de conservas, onde para evitar infrações às normas, as empresas costumam acrescentar legumes além do necessário devido a variabilidade do processo. Por meio da utilização da técnica Seis Sigma, cartas de controle e estudo de capacidade de processo foi possível estabelecer um diagnóstico das perdas de matéria prima no processo de envaze, definir índice atual de capacidade e de gasto com sobrepeso nos produtos. Para análise dos pontos a serem melhorados foi utilizado o diagrama de causa e efeito e por seguinte a implantação das ações corretivas para manter o processo sob controle e atingir uma melhora significativa da capacidade de processo. Os resultados apresentaram uma redução com desperdício de sobrepeso de matéria prima para empresa de aproximadamente 43 ton/ano, uma economia de R$ 107.460,00/ano.
Colaboração em cadeias de suprimentos: revisão, análise e lacunas da literatura
Authors: Gohr Cláudia Fabiana , Faustino Cinthia De Azevêdo , Da Silva Amorim Matheus Henrique , De Oliveira Lucas Carvalho
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma investigação sobre a temática da colaboração na cadeia de suprimentos, a fim de apresentar uma visão geral das pesquisas e realizar uma análise do conteúdo dos trabalhos. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, foram selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos de 2005 e 2015, que compuseram o portfólio de trabalhos para a análise. A partir dessa seleção foi possível realizar uma análise bibliométrica, por meio do software BibExcel, para mensurar parâmetros dos artigos do portfólio, como: frequência dos periódicos, obras mais citadas, anos das publicações, principais termos dos títulos e principais termos das palavras-chave. Posteriormente, foram apresentadas as principais características dos trabalhos consultados, com o levantamento das semelhanças e diferenças identificadas, o que permitiu observar lacunas de pesquisa e direcionar o desenvolvimento de trabalhos futuros.
OS FUNDAMENTOS DO JUS COGENS INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Cerveira Cittadino Rodrigo
Published: July 2018

O artigo enfoca as teorias justificadoras do jus cogens internacional, especificamente as mais conhecidas internacional: a jusnaturalista, a juspositivista, a da ordem pública internacional e outras de aspecto sociológico. Não tencionamos propor solução para o problema maior de quais seriam os exatos contornos do direito cogente ou de seu processo nomogenético – isto é, a questão de por que uma norma ordinária de Direito Internacional seria alçada (ou mereceria ser alçada) à qualidade de norma peremptória. Contentamo-nos em expor as limitações de cada uma das fundamentações, com destaque para a juspositivista. A proposta por nós avançada é que essas diferentes óticas fundamentadoras muito teriam a ganhar se dialogassem entre si.
TRABALHO ARTÍSTICO INFANTO-JUVENIL: ANÁLISE DO CASO DO MC PEDRINHO EM FORTALEZA.
Authors: Loiola Juliana Nogueira , Pereira Júnior Antonio Jorge
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem por desígnio tecer análise acerca do trabalho artístico infanto-juvenil e, em especial, apreciar o caso do cantor de funk mirim Mc Pedrinho, que foi impedido de se apresentar em Fortaleza por meio de ação civil pública ajuizada pelo Ministério Público do Estado do Ceará. Ao considerar que há a proibição de qualquer trabalho para o indivíduo que possua menos de dezesseis anos, exceto se aprendiz a partir dos quatorze de acordo com a Constituição Federal (art. 7º, XXXIII, CF/88), o objetivo do presente estudo está em desenvolver crítica acerca dos possíveis aspectos e diferenças relacionadas ao trabalho do menor que envolva manifestação artística. A metodologia da pesquisa pode ser caracterizada como bibliográfica e documental. Conclui-se que em determinados casos, como o do Mc Pedrinho, faz-se necessária a intervenção estatal na proteção do menor quando esta não é realizada pela família de maneira precedente, de forma que se priorize a criança e o adolescente em sua dignidade.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EDUCACIONAIS RELATIVAS AO ENSINO BÁSICO OBRIGATÓRIO
Authors: Remedio José Antonio , Moraes Filho Eduardo Roberto Antonelli de
Published: July 2018

A presente pesquisa tem por objeto analisar a implementação de políticas públicas educacionais relativas ao ensino básico obrigatório por decisão do Poder Judiciário, ante a omissão da atuação dos demais Poderes na sua efetivação. Comprovada a inércia do Poder Público, admite-se em caráter excepcional a intervenção do Judiciário na determinação de implementação das políticas públicas educacionais visando assegurar o direito à educação. No caso, o Judiciário não viola a separação de poderes, não ofende a discricionariedade administrativa e não macula a reserva do possível, tendo em vista que ao implementar as políticas públicas educacionais em face da inércia dos demais Poderes, em particular do Poder Executivo, apenas cumpre sua função constitucional, garantindo a efetivação dos direitos fundamentais. O método utilizado é o dedutivo, com base em pesquisa legal, doutrinária e jurisprudencial.
MARCO TEMPORAL DA OCUPAÇÃO: A DESCONSTRUÇÃO DO PARADIGMA
Authors: Nogueira Daniela Saab , Gutierrez José Paulo
Published: July 2018

Este artigo pretende demonstrar a inconstitucionalidade da tese do marco temporal da ocupação, que fixou a efetiva ocupação física dos indígenas na data da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 como referencial para se reconhecer os direitos sobre as terras tradicionalmente ocupadas. Cada procedimento demarcatório deve obedecer ao Decreto-Lei nº 1.775, de 08 de janeiro de 1996, exige um aprofundado estudo antropológico e deve considerar as características históricas e sociológicas próprias da área impactada. Resta demonstrado que esse instituto jurídico vai de encontro com preceitos fundamentais previstos na CF/1988 e com pactos e declarações internacionais de Direitos Humanos pelas quais o país se obrigou a respeitar, inviabilizando o pleno exercício do direito originário sobre a terra por parte dos indígenas brasileiros. Ademais, nega um passado de articulações dos movimentos indígenas junto à Assembleia Constituinte de 1987 para a positivação de direitos, perpetua a impunidade dos violadores de tais direitos, e, ainda, acirra os conflitos territoriais.
Comentário Editorial
Authors: Lemos Jorge André Guilherme , Da Silva Guilherme Amorim , Da Cunha Alexandre Luna
Published: July 2018

Comentário Editorial Thesis Juris
Inviting Bodies
Authors: Thompson Becky
Published: July 2018

What might a classroom look like where students are invited to bring their minds, bodies, and spirits? How might learning be enhanced with this invitation? This chapter chronicles how Thompson was first invited fully into a classroom as a graduate student by the marvelous mentoring of a professor who taught a legendary course at Brandeis University, “Birth and Death.” Maurice Stein modeled a way to keep intimacy, intensity, and intellectual depth in the classroom while teaching about the Holocaust, the threat of nuclear war, attempted genocide of Indigenous people, and child abuse by incorporating meditation, paired listening, and collaborative teaching. After graduate school, Thompson stumbled through creating syllabi and pedagogy that invited students into the classroom, realizing that liberatory teaching requires understanding what hinders embodiment—how many of us ransom off our body parts below the neck on our way to becoming academics. Finding ourselves again is key to creating intellectually rigorous classroom environments. Thompson explores how she turned students away from their questioning spirits, and what healing she needed to do to change that.
Mohan Upreti and the Assimilation of Folk Music in Nehruvian India
Authors: Fiol Stefan
Published: July 2018

Beginning in the late 1940s, artists from a variety of backgrounds--urban and rural, upper-caste and lower-caste, professional and amateur, hereditary and non-hereditary--began to self-identify as folk artists in an effort to stimulate political change. This chapter focuses on the life and creative efforts of Mohan Upreti, an influential political activist and composer who staged folk ballads in Delhi by fusing influences from the Indian People’s Theatre Association, the international Communist movement, Hindustani music, the Almora-based Ramlila, and the stories and performance styles of Hurkiya balladeers. Upreti found patronage through the state institutions of the Nehru administration, which in turn sought to codify regional folkloric and classical genres in order to promote diversity while suppressing antinationalist sentiment. Upreti and other reformers created a new context for understanding folk music in urban India, and in the process they fashioned themselves into a new kind of folk artist.
Turning Dying Folk into Living Folk
Authors: Fiol Stefan
Published: July 2018

Chapter three examines the various factors that precipitated the commercialization of Indian folk music in the late twentieth century, including the growing economic clout of regional migrants in Indian metropolises and in the diaspora, the technological developments of studio recording and music dissemination, the expanding economic and political influence of regional polities within the federalist democracy, and the broad neoliberal reforms of the 1990s and early twenty-first century. These developments are best observed through the life of Uttarakhand’s most famous and most commercially successful musician, Narendra Singh Negi, whose forty-year career reveals a commitment to developing the “folk element” in his recordings. Like the modernist reformers of Indian classical music, Negi, by his musical activism, reveals a concern for revitalizing Uttarakhandi folk music by borrowing from, reforming, and, when he deems it necessary, replacing low-caste hereditary musicians.
Professional Female Singers and the Gendering of Folk
Authors: Fiol Stefan
Published: July 2018

In much scholarly discourse there is an assumption that women are the natural repositories of folk culture. Although this assumption is often rooted in an important feminist motivation to challenge oppressive ideologies within patriarchal societies, this chapter argues that it is ultimately unhelpful to think about folk culture as an inherently male or female domain of cultural production. Chapter five critiques the gendering of the folk concept by comparing and contrasting the experiences of two professional female artists in Uttarakhand, Meena Rana and Bachan Dei. Both women have established their professional identities through interpretations of village-based repertories of song and dance, but each performer has experienced a different degree of acceptance and inclusion within the vernacular music industry as a result of her social position and caste background.
Early Struggles
Authors: Bedingfield Sid
Published: July 2018

This chapter introduces John Henry McCray, the young African-American editor whose newspaper would play a key role in reviving civil rights activism in the South Carolina. Raised in Lincolnville, an all-black village near Charleston, South Carolina, McCray gave up a relatively comfortable insurance-industry job to launch a newspaper in 1935. He teamed up with NAACP activists and used his newspaper to battle conservative forces in the black community who wanted to “accommodate” white supremacist rule. The chapter details the history of “accommodationism,” which re-gained strength in South Carolina after white supremacists crushed a nascent civil rights movement in the early 1920s.
A Black Political Insurgency in the Deep South
Authors: Bedingfield Sid
Published: July 2018

This chapter chronicles the role of McCray and his newspaper in the NAACP’s battle against the all-white Democratic Party in South Carolina. In the wake of the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Allwright, which outlawed race-based party membership rules, white Democrats in the state erected new barriers to black participation in Democratic Party politics. In response, McCray and his allies used his newspaper to launch an insurgent political organization, the Progressive Democratic Party, which took its fight against the state’s white Democrats all the way to the national convention in Chicago in July. After three years of legal and political battle, McCray and the NAACP managed to overthrow the all-white primary in South Carolina. In August 1948, black South Carolinians voted in a Democratic Party primary for the first time since the rise of Jim Crow rule in the state in the 1890s.
The White Press and the Dixiecrat Revolt
Authors: Bedingfield Sid
Published: July 2018

In the early 1940s, when McCray’s newspaper and the NAACP began to revive black activism in South Carolina, the state’s white press paid little attention. They believed the issue of white supremacy had been settled and that blacks posed little threat to white political rule. This chapter chronicles the particular conservative ideology that shaped white editorial pages across South Carolina in the 1940s. By 1948, when President Truman proposed civil rights legislation, white editors were forced to re-think their elitist and paternalistic conservatism and join the resistance against black civil rights. White newspapers rallied behind Governor J. Strom Thurmond and his “Dixiecrat” campaign challenging Truman in the 1948 presidential election.
The Paper Curtain and the New GOP
Authors: Bedingfield Sid
Published: July 2018

This chapter chronicles the effort by white editors in South Carolina to battle northern public opinion supporting civil rights reform in the South. As the black community’s interpretations of public events received greater attention in the mainstream white press, Charleston editor Thomas R. Waring Jr. led the campaign to break through the so-called “paper curtain” that he claimed northern media used to silence the voices of white southerners who supported segregation. As 1960 approached, Waring and and political reporter William D. Workman Jr., worked to build a new political home for white racial conservatives in a revamped Republican Party. In 1962, Workman left journalism to run for the US Senate as a Republican. The effort failed narrowly, yet his campaign signaled the arrival of the conservative Republicans as a new force in Deep South politics.
Introduction
Authors: Case Sarah H.
Published: July 2018

This chapter provides an overview of two private Georgia schools that sought to prepare young women post-Reconstruction South: Spelman Seminary of Atlanta, educating African American women and girls, and Lucy Cobb Institute, established for young white elite women in Athens. Examining schools for girls run and staffed by women allows us to see how women themselves developed new ideas about women’s responsibilities and duties for their society and their race in the changed circumstances of the New South. It argues that concerns about female sexuality and respectability united the two schools, despite their very different interpretations of what would constitute a desirable New South.
Training “Leaders of Their Own Race”
Authors: Case Sarah H.
Published: July 2018

Through a focus on Spelman Seminary of Atlanta, Georgia, between its founding in 1881 and the 1920s, this chapter analyzes the ideological assumptions behind, and the content of, education for black female respectability. An analysis of the content of the education offered at Spelman and the goals of administrators, board members, faculty, and supporters provides an understanding of how secondary schools for girls taught the attributes of respectability. To a surprising degree, industrial education was viewed as essential to the curriculum of a school for “striving” black young women. In contrast to traditional interpretations of black education that oppose industrial and academic education, Spelman faculty and associates viewed industrial and academic education as mutually reinforcing.
Conclusion
Authors: Case Sarah H.
Published: July 2018

A comparison of two Georgia schools, the Lucy Cobb Institute in Athens, for elite whites, and Spelman Seminary of Atlanta, for African American women, both sought to prepare young women post-Reconstruction era. Founders and faculty strove to mold young women who would demonstrate the modernity and progressiveness of the South, as the schools themselves defined them. Race, class, and ideology shaped the definition and form of secondary education offered at the schools, creating some profound differences, but both emphasized morality and respectability, as both wanted to create women whose exemplary behavior would shield their public activism from reproach. Students and alumnae also sought to use their education to take a more public role in the New South.
Introduction
Authors: Currans Elizabeth
Published: July 2018

The introduction sets up my exploration of how demonstrations organized and attended primarily by women claim and transform public space. I introduce the framework of “holding space” as a way to emphasize the physical and affective presence necessary to transform public space. I explain my focus on protest cultures rather than social movements. I then briefly explore my research methodology and provide brief snapshots of the following chapters.
Safe Space?
Authors: Currans Elizabeth
Published: July 2018

In this chapter, I focus on the the 2004 Minneapolis Take Back the Night march and rally, especially the way people encountered others with different experiences and political investments. By focusing on divergent understandings of safety articulated by different participants in the context of shifting norms of feminist organizing, I explore how simplistic understandings of safety can shut down rather than open up opportunities for social change and public co-presence.
Demonstrating Peace
Authors: Currans Elizabeth
Published: July 2018

This chapter explores Women in Black’s creation of witness space by focusing on the midtown Manhattan vigil in comparison with the London, UK vigil. Their collective witnessing ruptured temporal and geographical continuities, haunting urban spaces in wealthy countries by referencing war in other countries. In the process, they demonstrated another way of being with each other. Their public presence also reinforced some social hierarchies given their occupation of spaces that reflect racial and class hierarchies participants benefit from.
Conclusion
Authors: Currans Elizabeth
Published: July 2018

The concluding chapter opens with a vignette about the 2015 New York Dyke March that sets up an exploration of the utopic nature of public demonstrations. I then explore three affective purposes of protest: boundary-setting, negotiation of movement direction, and enabling co-presence across divides. In each section, I revisit examples from earlier in the book. The analyses will hopefully help readers think about the protests they return to year after year, those they feel nostalgic for, and those that leave them feeling alienated.
Bridgework
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter focuses on internal and external factors that shaped decisions about participant recruitment. It focuses on membership diversification efforts, particularly with respect to race, ethnicity, geography, and, to some degree, socioeconomic class and status. The chapter examines the processes by which women from different social backgrounds, including from elite black women’s groups such as The Links, Incorporated, were invited to participate and addresses the dynamics of group inclusion and exclusion.
The Flight
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter narrates Women of the Storm’s early morning charter flight from New Orleans to Washington, D.C., on January 30, 2006. It begins with an account of the women’s arrival at Louis Armstrong International Airport and concludes with the group’s arrival in Washington. Throughout the chapter, several participants—Pam Bryan, Barbara Blackwell, Cecile Tebo, and Virginia Saussy––are profiled to explore their varying experiences during and immediately after Katrina.
The Press Conference
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter discusses Women of the Storm’s press conference in Washington on January 30, 2006. It describes the women’s performative actions and symbolism, including their use of “blue-tarp umbrellas,” a prop suggested by member Beverly Church that the group hoped would be a disarming, inviting form of activism. The chapter continues by discussing the prepared remarks at the press conference by Anne Milling, Cheryl Teamer, and Mary Landrieu. The chapter also examines how diversity efforts figured into the group’s public presentation of itself and how the invitation was a central discursive and material object in the group’s activities.
Divergent Paths
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter focuses on how after the group’s trip to Washington, participants went on divergent paths, focusing their energies on different tasks and activities depending on where they were located in the context of the Katrina recovery. Some remained active in ongoing efforts while involvement by other participants tapered off. Several participants, including Sharon Alexis, Kim Nguyen, and Beverly Wright, who directed their energies to environmental racism and toxic waste activism, are discussed. Thus, in addition to the book’s larger focus on recruitment, this chapter raises concerns about retention issues in emergent groups.
Invitations Accepted
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter documents Women of the Storm’s activities in the midst of the first visits by lawmakers at the group’s invitation. It narrates the disaster tours the group gave to lawmakers and discusses the meetings that were organized with civic and business leaders. The chapter then reflects upon the role of gender in the meetings and provides some internal critique by members that this was a missed opportunity to showcase women’s knowledge and expertise.
Storm Warnings
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter describes a media event organized by Women of the Storm on the occasion of the start of the Atlantic hurricane season to draw attention to how New Orleans and the Gulf Coast remained vulnerable to future storms. It details this highly orchestrated media event, additional congressional visits and disaster tours, and other group activities in the summer of 2006.
Women of the Storm Return
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter examines Women of the Storm’s second trip to Washington, which occurred shortly after the one-year anniversary of Katrina. It recounts the limited group successes and the additional efforts to reissue the invitation to visit the devastation. The chapter also examines the group’s finances, including some of the donors who helped underwrite the group’s activities. The chapter traces some of the similarities and differences between the two trips and reports on the number of participants who had traveled on both occasions. It presents descriptions of a few Capitol Hill visits as well as a participant profile of member Leah Chase. With an emphasis on material outcomes, the chapter ends with a discussion of the passage of legislation related to the group’s goals.
The BP Oil Spill and Beyond
Authors: David Emmanuel
Published: July 2018

This chapter examines how Women of the Storm responded to the BP oil spill in 2010. No longer an emergent group, Women of the Storm’s structure was in place and thus it demonstrated organizational adaptation, shifting its goals more so than its organizational structure. The chapter discusses the group’s Be the One campaign, a public service announcement video and accompanying petition seeking increased funding for coastal restoration. The chapter continues by discussing controversy that arose when critics suggested that the group had ties to the oil and gas industry, and it relates the fallout as well as the group’s rebuttal. The chapter ends by considering the group’s third trip to Washington to show support of post-BP legislation known as the RESPOND Act, which would speed up the oil and gas revenue sharing measures that were achieved, in part, as a result of the group’s previous trips to Washington.
Our One Percent Government, Congress, and Its Adjuncts
Authors: Formisano Ron
Published: July 2018

Most members of Congress are now millionaires; for all “serving” in Congress enables most to live like millionaires. The affluence of many members of the political class causes them to lose connection with ordinary Americans.