bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First putative occurrence in the fossil record of choanoflagellates, the sister group of Metazoa
Authors: Fonseca Carolina , Mendonça Filho João Graciano , Reolid Matías , Duarte Luís V. , de Oliveira António Donizeti , Souza Jaqueline Torres , Lézin Carine
Published: January 2023

Choanoflagellates are microeukaryotes that inhabit freshwater and marine environments and have long been regarded as the closest living relatives of Metazoa. Knowledge on the evolution of choanoflagellates is key for the understanding of the ancestry of animals, and although molecular clock evidence suggests the appearance of choanoflagellates by late Neoproterozoic, no specimens of choanoflagellates are known to occur in the fossil record. Here the first putative occurrence of choanoflagellates in sediments from the Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Turonian) is described by means of several cutting-edge petrographic techniques, and a discussion of its paleoenvironmental significance is performed. Furthermore, their placement in the organic matter classification systems is argued, with a placement in the Zoomorph Subgroup (Palynomorph Group) of the dispersed organic matter classification system being proposed. Regarding the ICCP System 1994, incorporation of choanoflagellates is, at a first glance, straightforward within the liptinite group, but the definition of a new maceral may be necessary to accommodate the genetic origin of these organisms. While modern choanoflagellates may bring light to the cellular foundations of animal origins, this discovery may provide an older term of comparison to their extant specimens and provide guidelines for possible identification of these organic components in other locations and ages throughout the geological record.
A machine learning approach to the development and prospective evaluation of a pediatric lung sound classification model
Authors: Park Ji Soo , Kim Kyungdo , Kim Ji Hye , Choi Yun Jung , Kim Kwangsoo , Suh Dong In
Published: January 2023

Auscultation, a cost-effective and non-invasive part of physical examination, is essential to diagnose pediatric respiratory disorders. Electronic stethoscopes allow transmission, storage, and analysis of lung sounds. We aimed to develop a machine learning model to classify pediatric respiratory sounds. Lung sounds were digitally recorded during routine physical examinations at a pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic from July to November 2019 and labeled as normal, crackles, or wheezing. Ensemble support vector machine models were trained and evaluated for four classification tasks (normal vs. abnormal, crackles vs. wheezing, normal vs. crackles, and normal vs. wheezing) using K-fold cross-validation (K = 10). Model performance on a prospective validation set (June to July 2021) was compared with those of pediatricians and non-pediatricians. Total 680 clips were used for training and internal validation. The model accuracies during internal validation for normal vs. abnormal, crackles vs. wheezing, normal vs. crackles, and normal vs. wheezing were 83.68%, 83.67%, 80.94%, and 90.42%, respectively. The prospective validation (n = 90) accuracies were 82.22%, 67.74%, 67.80%, and 81.36%, respectively, which were comparable to pediatrician and non-pediatrician performance. An automated classification model of pediatric lung sounds is feasible and maybe utilized as a screening tool for respiratory disorders in this pandemic era.
Bacterial community structure of electrogenic biofilm developed on modified graphite anode in microbial fuel cell
Authors: Hemdan Bahaa A. , El-Taweel Gamila E. , Naha Sunandan , Goswami Pranab
Published: January 2023

Formation of electrogenic microbial biofilm on the electrode is critical for harvesting electrical power from wastewater in microbial biofuel cells (MFCs). Although the knowledge of bacterial community structures in the biofilm is vital for the rational design of MFC electrodes, an in-depth study on the subject is still awaiting. Herein, we attempt to address this issue by creating electrogenic biofilm on modified graphite anodes assembled in an air–cathode MFC. The modification was performed with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), polyaniline (PANI), and carbon nanotube (CNTs) separately. To accelerate the growth of the biofilm, soybean-potato composite (plant) powder was blended with these conductive materials during the fabrication of the anodes. The MFC fabricated with PANI-based anode delivered the current density of 324.2 mA cm−2, followed by CNTs (248.75 mA cm−2), rGO (193 mA cm−2), and blank (without coating) (151 mA cm−2) graphite electrodes. Likewise, the PANI-based anode supported a robust biofilm growth containing maximum bacterial cell densities with diverse shapes and sizes of the cells and broad metabolic functionality. The alpha diversity of the biofilm developed over the anode coated with PANI was the loftiest operational taxonomic unit (2058 OUT) and Shannon index (7.56), as disclosed from the high-throughput 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Further, within these taxonomic units, exoelectrogenic phyla comprising Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were maximum with their corresponding level (%) 45.5, 36.2, and 9.8. The relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacilli at the class level, while Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Enterococcus, and Bifidobacterium at the genus level were comparatively higher in the PANI-based anode.
Bioactivity of an organic farming aid with possible fungistatic properties against some oil palm seedling foliar pathogens
Authors: Obeng Joshua , Agyei-Dwarko Daniel , Teinor Peter , Danso Isaac , Lutuf Hanif , Lekete-Lawson Emmanuellah , Ablormeti Fred Kormla , Eddy-Doh Mary Akpe
Published: January 2023

Synthetic fungicides are necessary evil in crop production, their usage cannot be neglected or abandoned but must be alternated/supplemented with other control measures such as cultural, host resistance and biocontrol methods to reduce their detrimental effect on the environment and living organisms. A bioproduct (wood vinegar) was evaluated against oil palm seedling pathogens at CSIR—Oil Palm Research Institute, Kusi at different concentrations and compared with an inorganic fungicide at the manufacturer’s recommended dosage. Disease pathogens were isolated from collected diseased leaf samples and pure cultures were established on cPDA. PDA was amended with wood vinegar ranging from 0 to 3.35% and 0.1%v/v of carbendazim as a positive control. Daily colony growth was measured in two diagonal lengths and averages of day 6 and day 7 were used to calculate the inhibition percentage for both pathogens. 11 mm/day was the lowest average growth rate recorded for 2.68% v/v of wood vinegar and 14.17 mm/day on control plate of Curvularia species. There was no significant difference between 0.1%v/v carbendazim, 2.68 and 3.35% v/v against Curvularia species whilst significantly, there was difference between 0.1%v/v carbendazim and 2.68 and 3.35%v/v of wood vinegar against Pestalotiopsis species.
Development of a smart pH-responsive nano-polymer drug, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol conjugate against the intestinal pathogen, Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Sarveswari Hema Bhagavathi , Gupta Krishna Kant , Durai Ramyadevi , Solomon Adline Princy
Published: January 2023

Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, an acute diarrhoeal disease. The virulence in V. cholerae is regulated by the quorum-sensing mechanism and response regulator LuxO positively regulates the expression of virulence determinants adhesion, biofilm formation, and cholera toxin production. Previous in-silico studies revealed that 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol could bind to the ATP binding site of LuxO and the complex was compact and stable in pHs like intestinal pHs. Here, we have explored the polymeric nano-formulation of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol using cellulose acetate phthalate for controlled drug release and their effectiveness in attenuating the expression of V. cholerae virulence. Physico-chemical characterization of the formulation showed particles with a mean size of 91.8 ± 14 nm diameter and surface charge of − 14.7 ± 0.07 mV. The uniform round polymeric nanoparticles formed displayed about 51% burst release of the drug at pH 7 by 3rd h, followed by a controlled linear release in alkaline pH. The polymeric nanoparticles demonstrated a tenfold increase in intestinal membrane permeability ex-vivo. At lower concentrations, the 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol polymeric nanoparticles were non-cytotoxic to Int 407 cells. In-vitro analysis at pH 6, pH 7, pH 8, and pH 9 revealed that cellulose acetate phthalate—2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol nanoparticles were non-bactericidal at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL. At 31.25 μg/mL, the nanoparticles inhibited about 50% of the biofilm formation of V. cholerae MTCC 3905 and HYR14 strains. At this concentration, the adherence of V. cholerae MTCC 3905 and HYR14 to Int 407 cell lines were also significantly affected. Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of tcp, qrr, and ct at pH 6, 7, 8, and 9 has reduced. The CAP-2M4VP nanoparticles have demonstrated the potential to effectively reduce the virulence of V. cholerae in-vitro.
Electrophysiological evidence for the effectiveness of images versus text in warnings
Authors: Lin Wuji , Li Zhuoyu , Zhang Xukai , Gao Yuan , Lin Jingyuan
Published: January 2023

Warning sign plays an important role in risk avoidance. Many studies have found that images are better warnings than text, while others have revealed flaws of image-only warning signs. To better understand the factors underlying the effectiveness of different types of warning signs (image only, text only, or image and text), this study adopted event-related potential technology to explore the differences at the neurocognitive level using the oddball paradigm and the Go/No-go paradigm. Together, the behavioral and electroencephalogram results showed that text-only warnings had the lowest effectiveness, but there was little difference between the image-only and image-and-text warnings. The differences in the effects of the three warning signs were mainly in the areas of attention and cognitive control, implying differences in the underlying cognitive processes. Therefore, in the design of warning signs, the effects of different design attributes on cognitive processing should be taken into account based on actual needs in order to improve the effectiveness of the signs.
Predicting severity in COVID-19 disease using sepsis blood gene expression signatures
Authors: Baghela Arjun , An Andy , Zhang Peter , Acton Erica , Gauthier Jeff , Brunet-Ratnasingham Elsa , Blimkie Travis , Freue Gabriela Cohen , Kaufmann Daniel , Lee Amy H. Y. , Levesque Roger C. , Hancock Robert E. W.
Published: January 2023

Severely-afflicted COVID-19 patients can exhibit disease manifestations representative of sepsis, including acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. We hypothesized that diagnostic tools used in managing all-cause sepsis, such as clinical criteria, biomarkers, and gene expression signatures, should extend to COVID-19 patients. Here we analyzed the whole blood transcriptome of 124 early (1–5 days post-hospital admission) and late (6–20 days post-admission) sampled patients with confirmed COVID-19 infections from hospitals in Quebec, Canada. Mechanisms associated with COVID-19 severity were identified between severity groups (ranging from mild disease to the requirement for mechanical ventilation and mortality), and established sepsis signatures were assessed for dysregulation. Specifically, gene expression signatures representing pathophysiological events, namely cellular reprogramming, organ dysfunction, and mortality, were significantly enriched and predictive of severity and lethality in COVID-19 patients. Mechanistic endotypes reflective of distinct sepsis aetiologies and therapeutic opportunities were also identified in subsets of patients, enabling prediction of potentially-effective repurposed drugs. The expression of sepsis gene expression signatures in severely-afflicted COVID-19 patients indicates that these patients should be classified as having severe sepsis. Accordingly, in severe COVID-19 patients, these signatures should be strongly considered for the mechanistic characterization, diagnosis, and guidance of treatment using repurposed drugs.
Climate change threatens unique evolutionary diversity in Australian kelp refugia
Authors: Nimbs Matt J. , Wernberg Thomas , Davis Tom R. , Champion Curtis , Coleman Melinda A.
Published: January 2023

Climate change has driven contemporary decline and loss of kelp forests globally with an accompanying loss of their ecological and economic values. Kelp populations at equatorward-range edges are particularly vulnerable to climate change as these locations are undergoing warming at or beyond thermal tolerance thresholds. Concerningly, these range-edge populations may contain unique adaptive or evolutionary genetic diversity that is vulnerable to warming. We explore haplotype diversity by generating a Templeton–Crandall–Sing (TCS) network analysis of 119 Cytochrome C Oxidase (COI) sequences among four major population groupings for extant and putatively extinct populations only known from herbarium specimens of the dominant Laminarian kelp Ecklonia radiata in the south-western Pacific, a region warming at 2–4 times the global average. Six haplotypes occurred across the region with one being widespread across most populations. Three unique haplotypes were found in a deep-water range-edge population off Moreton Island, Queensland, which likely represents both a contemporary and historic refuge during periods of climatic change. Hindcasting E. radiata cover estimates using extant data, we reveal that this region likely supported the highest kelp cover in eastern Australia during the last glacial maximum. The equatorward range edge, deep-water kelp populations off Moreton Island represent a genetically diverse evolutionary refuge that is currently threatened by warming and requires prompt ex-situ conservation measures.
Botanical inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry: a phylogenetic perspective
Authors: Risener Caitlin J. , Woo Sunmin , Samarakoon Tharanga , Caputo Marco , Edwards Emily , Klepzig Kier , Applequist Wendy , Zandi Keivan , Goh Shu Ling , Downs-Bowen Jessica A. , Schinazi Raymond F. , Quave Cassandra L.
Published: January 2023

Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the use of botanical dietary supplements in the United States has increased, yet their safety and efficacy against COVID-19 remains underexplored. The Quave Natural Product Library is a phylogenetically diverse collection of botanical and fungal natural product extracts including popular supplement ingredients. Evaluation of 1867 extracts and 18 compounds for virus spike protein binding to host cell ACE2 receptors in a SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus system identified 310 extracts derived from 188 species across 76 families (3 fungi, 73 plants) that exhibited ≥ 50% viral entry inhibition activity at 20 µg/mL. Extracts exhibiting mammalian cytotoxicity > 15% and those containing cardiotoxic cardiac glycosides were eliminated. Three extracts were selected for further testing against four pseudotyped variants and infectious SARS-CoV-2 and were then further chemically characterized, revealing the potent (EC50 < 5 µg/mL) antiviral activity of Solidago altissima L. (Asteraceae) flowers and Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Dennstaedtiaceae) rhizomes.
Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1 pathway alleviates neuroinflammation caused by chronic Toxoplasma infection
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Li Ye , Rowley Treva , Huang Jing , Yolken Robert H. , Viscidi Raphael P.
Published: January 2023

Toxoplasma gondii can infect the host brain and trigger neuroinflammation. Such neuroinflammation might persist for years if the infection is not resolved, resulting in harmful outcomes for the brain. We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of immunotherapy targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway on clearance of Toxoplasma tissue cysts. We aimed to test whether parasite clearance would lead to the resolution of neuroinflammation in infected brains. We established chronic Toxoplasma infection in BALB/c mice using the cyst-forming Prugniaud strain. Mice then received αPD-L1 or isotype control antibodies. After completion of the therapy, mice were euthanized six weeks later. The number of brain tissue cysts, Toxoplasma-specific CD8 + T cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion, serum cytokine and chemokine levels, and CNS inflammation were measured. In αPD-L1-treated mice, we observed reduced brain tissue cysts, increased spleen weight, elevated IFN-γ production by antigen-specific CD8 + T cells, and a general increase in multiple serum cytokines and chemokines. Importantly, αPD-L1-treated mice displayed attenuation of meningeal lymphocytes, reactive astrocytes, and C1q expression. The reduction in inflammation-related proteins is correlated with reduced parasite burden. These results suggest that promoting systemic immunity results in parasite clearance, which in turn alleviates neuroinflammation. Our study may have implications for some brain infections where neuroinflammation is a critical component.
A computational framework for physics-informed symbolic regression with straightforward integration of domain knowledge
Authors: Keren Liron Simon , Liberzon Alex , Lazebnik Teddy
Published: January 2023

Discovering a meaningful symbolic expression that explains experimental data is a fundamental challenge in many scientific fields. We present a novel, open-source computational framework calledScientist-Machine Equation Detector(SciMED), which integrates scientific discipline wisdom in a scientist-in-the-loop approach, with state-of-the-art symbolic regression (SR) methods. SciMED combines a wrapper selection method, that is based on a genetic algorithm, with automatic machine learning and two levels of SR methods. We test SciMED on five configurations of a settling sphere, with and without aerodynamic non-linear drag force, and with excessive noise in the measurements. We show that SciMED is sufficiently robust to discover the correct physically meaningful symbolic expressions from the data, and demonstrate how the integration of domain knowledge enhances its performance. Our results indicate better performance on these tasks than the state-of-the-art SR software packages , even in cases where no knowledge is integrated. Moreover, we demonstrate how SciMED can alert the user about possible missing features, unlike the majority of current SR systems.
An eye- tracking technology and MLP-based color matching design method
Authors: Hua Yinhong , Ni Jianlin , Lu Honglei
Published: January 2023

Images are a significant source of inspiration for designers to carry out the color design. However, the absence of animated images in the product color design can create confusion for designers. To translate the colours of the animated images into product colours, this work used eye-tracking technology to aid colour extraction and the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) algorithm to train a product colour decision model to filter the best product colour schemes. Firstly, eye tracking technology is used to collect the distribution of hotspots of the subject while viewing the animated images. Based on the distribution of eye-tracking hotspots, the most interesting animated colours were extracted. Then, the MLP is applied to train a colour decision model for children's shopping cart products, and the colour decision model is used to filter the optimal solution for the product colour, and finally the colour design is completed from the animated colour to the three-colour children's shopping cart product. Experimental results show that the color extraction based on the eye-tracking technology and the color scheme screening based on the intelligent algorithm can realize the effective conversion from animated image colors to product colors. This work proposes a color scheme design method from animations to products, which further expands the image color sources in product color design and can accurately find the color scheme that matches the animated image and the product.
Bidirectional dispersals during the peopling of the North American Arctic
Authors: Luis Javier Rodriguez , Palencia-Madrid Leire , Garcia-Bertrand Ralph , Herrera Rene J.
Published: January 2023

It is thought that Paleo-Inuit were the first people that settled the American Arctic about 5000 BP (before the present) from a migration that crossed Beringia from Northeast Asia. It is theorized that this group initially migrated to the North Slopes of Alaska and subsequently expanded eastward, eventually reaching Greenland. A second circumpolar dispersal of Neo-Inuit from the North Slopes associated with the Thule-Inuk culture has been postulated to have extended eastward around 800 BP, totally replacing the original Paleo-Inuit without admixing. Although generally accepted, this migration scenario is incompatible with previously reported indications of east to west gene flow across the American Arctic. Here we report on the Y-chromosome haplogroup and Y-STR diversity of the four circumpolar populations of the Tuva Republic (N = 24), Northeast Siberia (N = 9), Bethel, Alaska (N = 40), and Barrow, Alaska (N = 31). Four haplogroup lineages (Q-NWT01, Q-M3, Q-M346, and Q-M120) were detected, Q-NWT01 and Q-M3 being the most abundant at 11.11 and 66.67% in Northeast Siberia, 32.50 and 65.00% in Bethel, and 67.74 and 32.26% in Barrow, respectively. The same samples genotyped for Y-chromosome SNPs were typed for 17 Y-STYR loci using the AmpFlSTR Yfiler system. Age estimates and diversity values for the Q-NWT01 and Q-M3 mutations suggest extensive movement of male individuals along the entire longitudinal stretch of the American circumpolar region. Throughout the entire region, Q-M3 exhibits a west to east decreasing gradient in age and diversity while Q-NWT01 indicates the opposite with older TMRCA and higher diversity values running from east to west with the most recent estimates in Canada and Alaska. The high age and diversity values in Greenland are congruent with an origin of the Q-NWT01 mutation in the east of the circumpolar range about 2000–3000 ya. This scenario is incompatible with a complete biological replacement starting about 700 BP of Paleo-Inuit like the Dorset by the Thule-Inuit (Neo-Inuit), as is currently thought, and more parsimonious with gene flow carrying the NWT01 mutation from a pre-Thule population to the ancestors of the present-day Inuit.
Aqueous microRNA profiling in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Choi Yeong A. , Jeong Areum , Woo Chang-Hoon , Cha Soon Cheol , Park Do Young , Sagong Min
Published: January 2023

Although many studies demonstrated the differences of clinical features, natural course, and response to treatment between typical age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), differential microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in the aqueous humor (AH) between them has not been reported yet. We investigated the roles of miRNAs in the AH of patients with typical AMD and PCV using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Target genes and predicted pathways of miRNAs were investigated via pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. A total of 161 miRNAs from eyes with typical AMD and 185 miRNAs from eyes with PCV were differentially expressed. 33 miRNAs were commonly upregulated, and 77 miRNAs were commonly downregulated in both typical AMD and PCV groups. Among them, hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-374c-3p, and hsa-miR-200a-5p were differentially expressed and were predicted to regulate proteoglycans in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and adherens junction. The differential expression profiles and target gene regulation networks of AH miRNAs may contribute to the development of different pathological phenotypes in typical AMD and PCV. The results of this study provide novel insights into the pathogenesis, associated prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in AMD and PCV.
Protective effect of urotensin II receptor antagonist urantide and exercise training on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Sun Jing , Zhou Jiedong , Sun Shimin , Lin Hui , Zhang Hanlin , Zhong Zuoquan , Chi Jufang , Guo HangYuan
Published: January 2023

Doxorubicin (DOX) has a wide antitumor spectrum, but its adverse cardiotoxicity may lead to heart failure. Urotensin II (UII) is the most potent vasoconstrictor in mammals. It plays a role by activating the UII receptor (UT), the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPR14), collectively referred to as the UII/UT system. In the new version of "Chinese expert consensus on cardiac rehabilitation of chronic heart failure," it is pointed out that exercise rehabilitation is the cornerstone of cardiac rehabilitation. In this study, in vitro and in vivo assessments were performed using DOX-treated H9C2 cells and rats. It was found that the UT antagonist Urantide and exercise training improved DOX-induced cardiac insufficiency, reduced DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, improved the structural disorder of myocardial fibers, and inhibited DOX-induced myocardial fibrosis. Further studies showed that Urantide alleviated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by downregulating the expression levels of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Exploratory analysis of the effect of a dexamethasone-sparing regimen for prophylaxis of cisplatin-induced emesis on food intake (LUNG-NEPA study)
Authors: Celio Luigi , Cortinovis Diego , Cogoni Alessio Aligi , Cavanna Luigi , Martelli Olga , Carnio Simona , Collovà Elena , Bertolini Federica , Petrelli Fausto , Cassano Alessandra , Chiari Rita , Zanelli Francesca , Pisconti Salvatore , Vittimberga Isabella , Letizia Antonietta , Misino Andrea , Gernone Angela , Bonizzoni Erminio , Pilotto Sara , De Placido Sabino , Bria Emilio
Published: January 2023

We demonstrated the non-inferiority of a dexamethasone (DEX)-sparing (single-dose) regimen with NEPA, a netupitant/palonosetron fixed combination, for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) caused by cisplatin. This pre-planned exploratory analysis assessed the effect of the DEX-sparing regimen on a patient’s food intake. Chemotherapy-naïve patients undergoing cisplatin (≥ 70 mg/m2) were given NEPA and DEX (12 mg) on day 1 and randomized to receive either no further DEX (DEX1), or oral DEX (4 mg BID) on days 2–4 (DEX4). Patient-reported endpoint maintenance of usual daily food intake was assessed during the 5-days post-chemotherapy. The relationship between usual daily food intake and CINV control, pre-chemotherapy self-rated food intake and BMI-adjusted weight loss (WL) were evaluated. One-hundred fifty-two patients (76/group) were assessable. The proportion of patients reporting maintenance of usual daily food intake was similar in both groups: 69.7% (95% CI, 58.6–78.9) for DEX1 vs. 72.4% (95% CI, 61.4–81.2) for DEX4. Only CINV control was significantly associated with maintenance of usual daily food intake (P ≤ 0.001) during the overall phase. The DEX-sparing regimen does not adversely affect patient-reported daily food intake post-chemotherapy. The current analysis adds further insights into antiemetic efficacy of DEX sparing beyond day 1 in the challenging setting of cisplatin.

Trial registration: The parent study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04201769).
A retrospective analysis of the incidence of severe adverse events among recipients of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy
Authors: Chu Eric Chun-Pu , Trager Robert J. , Lee Linda Yin-King , Niazi Imran Khan
Published: January 2023

This study examined the incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs) of patients receiving chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), with the hypothesis that < 1 per 100,000 SMT sessions results in a grade ≥ 3 (severe) AE. A secondary objective was to examine independent predictors of grade ≥ 3 AEs. We identified patients with SMT-related AEs from January 2017 through August 2022 across 30 chiropractic clinics in Hong Kong. AE data were extracted from a complaint log, including solicited patient surveys, complaints, and clinician reports, and corroborated by medical records. AEs were independently graded 1–5 based on severity (1-mild, 2-moderate, 3-severe, 4-life-threatening, 5-death). Among 960,140 SMT sessions for 54,846 patients, 39 AEs were identified, two were grade 3, both of which were rib fractures occurring in women age > 60 with osteoporosis, while none were grade ≥ 4, yielding an incidence of grade ≥ 3 AEs of 0.21 per 100,000 SMT sessions (95% CI 0.00, 0.56 per 100,000). There were no AEs related to stroke or cauda equina syndrome. The sample size was insufficient to identify predictors of grade ≥ 3 AEs using multiple logistic regression. In this study, severe SMT-related AEs were reassuringly very rare.
Fucosylation of HLA-DRB1 regulates CD4+ T cell-mediated anti-melanoma immunity and enhances immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Lester Daniel K. , Burton Chase , Gardner Alycia , Innamarato Patrick , Kodumudi Krithika , Liu Qian , Adhikari Emma , Ming Qianqian , Williamson Daniel B. , Frederick Dennie T. , Sharova Tatyana , White Michael G. , Markowitz Joseph , Cao Biwei , Nguyen Jonathan , Johnson Joseph , Beatty Matthew , Mockabee-Macias Andrea , Mercurio Matthew , Watson Gregory , Chen Pei-Ling , McCarthy Susan , MoranSegura Carlos , Messina Jane , Thomas Kerry L. , Darville Lancia , Izumi Victoria , Koomen John M. , Pilon-Thomas Shari A. , Ruffell Brian , Luca Vincent C. , Haltiwanger Robert S. , Wang Xuefeng , Wargo Jennifer A. , Boland Genevieve M. , Lau Eric K.
Published: January 2023

Immunotherapy efficacy is limited in melanoma, and combinations of immunotherapies with other modalities have yielded limited improvements but also adverse events requiring cessation of treatment. In addition to ineffective patient stratification, efficacy is impaired by paucity of intratumoral immune cells (itICs); thus, effective strategies to safely increase itICs are needed. We report that dietary administration of l-fucose induces fucosylation and cell surface enrichment of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II protein HLA-DRB1 in melanoma cells, triggering CD4+ T cell-mediated increases in itICs and anti-tumor immunity, enhancing immune checkpoint blockade responses. Melanoma fucosylation and fucosylated HLA-DRB1 associate with intratumoral T cell abundance and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) responder status in patient melanoma specimens, suggesting the potential use of melanoma fucosylation as a strategy for stratifying patients for immunotherapies. Our findings demonstrate that fucosylation is a key mediator of anti-tumor immunity and, importantly, suggest that l-fucose is a powerful agent for safely increasing itICs and immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma.
Haptics based multi-level collaborative steering control for automated driving
Authors: Nakade Tomohiro , Fuchs Robert , Bleuler Hannes , Schiffmann Jürg
Published: January 2023

Increasing the capability of automated driving vehicles is motivated by environmental, productivity, and traffic safety benefits. But over-reliance on the automation system is known to cause accidents. The role of the driver cannot be underestimated as it will ultimately be the most relevant aspect for trust building and social acceptance of this technology. Here we introduce a driver-oriented automation strategy to achieve collaborative steering. Our approach relies on three major functionalities: interaction, arbitration, and inclusion. The proposed control strategy is grounded in the concept of shared control enabling driver intervention over the automation without deactivation. Well-defined physical human-robot interaction types are made available with the arbitration strategy. The automated driving trajectory is adapted to include the driver intent into the tactical level of trajectory planning. This enables driver initiated rerouting and consistent coordination of all vehicle actuators. In this way, automated vehicles, which rely on sight only, are augmented with the incorporation of the driver intent. The driver is neither replaced by nor excluded from the automation, rather their role remains active to the benefit of trust building and driving safety.
Synthesis of a rhodium(iii) dinitrogen complex using a calix[4]arene-based diphosphine ligand
Authors: Emerson-King Jack , Pan Sudip , Gyton Matthew R. , Tonner-Zech Ralf , Chaplin Adrian B.
Published: January 2023

Capturing dinitrogen at a high-valent metal centre using a cavitand-based ligand.
Novel salts and cocrystals of the antifolate drug trimethoprim and their role in the enhancement of solubility and dissolution
Authors: Surampudi Anuja Venkata Sai Durga , Ramakrishna Sistla , Pallavi Alegete , Balasubramanian Sridhar
Published: January 2023

Trimethoprim (TMP) is a BCS class II anti-folate drug with poor aqueous solubility.
A first-principles exploration of the conformational space of sodiated pyranose assisted by neural network potentials
Authors: Phan Huu Trong , Tsou Pei-Kang , Hsu Po-Jen , Kuo Jer-Lai
Published: January 2023

An NNP created by the active learning scheme was used to assist the exploration of the conformational space of sodiated pyranoses. As a result, more than 17 000 distinct local minima at the DFT level were located and an NNP with an accuracy of 1 kJ mol−1 was created.
Microhydrated clusters of a pharmaceutical drug: infrared spectra and structures of amantadineH+(H2O)n
Authors: George Martin Andreas Robert , Dopfer Otto
Published: January 2023

IRPD spectroscopy of amantadineH+(H2O)nclusters reveal the first microhydration steps of this important pharmaceutical molecular drug and the first spectroscopic impression of its intermolecular interaction with water at the molecular level.
Influence of salt and temperature on the self-assembly of cyclic peptides in water: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Moral Rimjhim , Paul Sandip
Published: January 2023

Aimed at exploring the effect of NaCl and temperature on the self-association of CPs in water, the study unveils the underlying mechanism by which salt ions and temperature alter the association propensity of CPs in water, using MD simulations.
Accessing the thermal conductivities of Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3 superlattices by molecular dynamics simulations with a deep neural network potential
Authors: Zhang Pan , Qin Mi , Zhang Zhenhua , Jin Dan , Liu Yong , Wang Ziyu , Lu Zhihong , Shi Jing , Xiong Rui
Published: January 2023

The lattice thermal conductivities of Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3 superlattices with different periods are accurately predicted using NEMD together with an NNP, which serves as a good example to explore the thermal transport physics of superlattices using an NNP.
An aggregation induced emission active bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(ii) complex for luminescence light-up detection of pyrophosphate ions
Authors: Patra Sumit Kumar , Rabha Monosh , Sen Bhaskar , Aguan Kripamoy , Khatua Snehadrinarayan
Published: January 2023

An aggregation-induced emission active bis-heteroleptic(iii) complex of an aminoethanol substituted 1,10-phenanthroline-based ligand has been developed for highly selective luminescence ‘light-up’ sensing of pyrophosphate ions.
Thermodynamics-based rules of thumb to evaluate the interaction of chelators and kinetically-labile metal ions in blood serum and plasma
Authors: Falcone Enrico , Faller Peter
Published: January 2023

Chelators and metal-ligand complexes can be stable or evolve in a biological system depending on thermodynamics and kinetics. For thermodynamic consideration the inclusion of all essential metals and metal-binding proteins is crucial.
Exploring potential dual-stage attention based recurrent neural network machine learning application for dosage prediction in intelligent municipal management
Authors: Fang Xusheng , Zang Jian , Zhai Zhengang , Zhang Li , Shu Ziyu , Liang Yuqi
Published: January 2023

This study explores the potential of sustainable and precise management based on machine learning in real-world urban engineering applications.
Correlations between color, textural properties and ripening of the North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba) fruit
Authors: Adainoo Bezalel , Thomas Andrew L. , Krishnaswamy Kiruba
Published: January 2023

This study tests the correlations between the color, textural properties, and total soluble solids content to gain insights on the potential use of noninvasive indicators for pawpaw fruit ripeness.
Long-term Pu-erh tea consumption improves blue light-induced depression-like behaviors
Authors: Zhao Sibo , Hu Shanshan , Sun Kang , Luo Liyong , Zeng Liang
Published: January 2023

Blue light emitted by smartphones and tablets at night increases the risk of depression. Long-term Pu-erh tea intake improves blue light-induced depression-like behaviors.
Cu-Catalysed sustainable synthesis of formamide with glycerol derivatives as a carbonyl source via a radical-relay mechanism
Authors: Dai Xingchao , Wang Xinzhi , Kreyenschulte Carsten , Yuan Hangkong , Brückner Angelika , Shi Feng , Rabeah Jabor
Published: January 2023

N-Formylation of amines to formamides was achieved at a low temperature by total utilization of the carbon atoms of glycerol derivatives as the C1 feedstock over CuZr/5A via a ˙OH–˙OOH radical mechanism.
A label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor used a printed circuit board gold electrode (PCBGE) to detect SARS-CoV-2 without amplification
Authors: Zambry Nor Syafirah , Awang Mohd Syafiq , Beh Khi Khim , Hamzah Hairul Hisham , Bustami Yazmin , Obande Godwin Attah , Khalid Muhammad Fazli , Ozsoz Mehmet , Manaf Asrulnizam Abd , Aziah Ismail
Published: January 2023

The graphical representation depicts a novel method of detecting the SARS-CoV-2 N gene without amplification using a label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor-based printed circuit board gold electrode (PCBGE).
Cost-effective akermanite derived from industrial waste for working electrodes in supercapacitor applications
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Raju M. Krishnam , Samudrala Raj Kumar , Gangadhar M. , Pani Jitesh , Borkar Hitesh , Azeem P. Abdul
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is the synthesis of an akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) material by sol–gel method using industrial waste (fly ash (FA) and ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)) as an initial precursor for the first time.
A structural spectroscopic study of dissociative anaesthetic methoxphenidine
Authors: Jurásek Bronislav , Fagan Patrik , Dolenský Bohumil , Paškanová Natalie , Dobšíková Kristýna , Raich Ivan , Jurok Radek , Setnička Vladimír , Kohout Michal , Čejka Jan , Kuchař Martin
Published: January 2023

Methoxphenidine was originally patented for its properties to treat neurotoxic injury.
Modulation of the biocatalytic activity and selectivity of CeO2 nanozymes via atomic doping engineering
Authors: Zhang Shaofang , Ruan Haiyan , Xin Qi , Mu Xiaoyu , Wang Hao , Zhang Xiao-Dong
Published: January 2023

Mn- and Co-doped CeO2 nanozymes were developed via atomic engineering to achieve enhanced enzymatic activity and modulation of catalytic selectivity, which could protect cells from LPS- or H2O2-induced oxidative damage by scavenging free radicals.
Polysaccharide-based C-dots and polysaccharide/C-dot nanocomposites: fabrication strategies and applications
Authors: Bazazi Sina , Hosseini Seyedeh Parisa , Hashemi Esmaeil , Rashidzadeh Bahaaldin , Liu Yuqian , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Xiao Huining , Seidi Farzad
Published: January 2023

The fabrication of polysaccharide-derived C-dots and polysaccharide/C-dot hybrid materials including films, hydrogels, and inks is described and their applications in biomedicine, bioimaging, and drug delivery are discussed.
Sacrificial ligand route to hybrid polythiophene–silver nanoparticles for sinter-free conductive inks
Authors: Drzic Juraj , Escudero Alberto , González-García Lola , Kraus Tobias
Published: January 2023

The synthesis of hybrid silver nanoparticles consisting of silver cores and polythiophene shells is reported. Such hybrid particles can be used to formulate sinter-free inks for printing electronics.
Deciphering pressure-induced nanoarchitectonics in a monolayer of heterocoronene-based discotics at air–water and air–solid interfaces
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Samal Priyanka Priyadarshani , Mahapatra Anwesha , De Joydip , Pal Santanu Kumar , Mishra Puneet , Nayak Alpana
Published: January 2023

Understanding and control of molecular alignment at the nanoscale in self-assembled supramolecular structures of a heterocoronene based discotic liquid crystal based monolayer.
Dual-purpose tunnel oxide passivated contact on silicon photoelectrodes with high photovoltages for tandem photoelectrochemical devices enabling unassisted water splitting
Authors: Moon Choongman , Alves Martinho Filipe Mesquita , Jung Gihun , Koh Jaehyuk , Assar Alireza , Nam Sung-Wook , Canulescu Stela , Shin Byungha
Published: January 2023

Tunnel-oxide-passivated contact on a crystalline Si improves the photovoltage of Si photoelectrode to reach 640–650 mV even after a high-temperature process up to 600 °C, which makes it useful as the bottom cell of a monolithic tandem device.
Impact of O3/P3 phase transition on the performance of the NaxTi1/6Mn1/6Fe1/6Co1/6Ni1/6Cu1/6O2 cathode material for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Molenda Janina , Milewska Anna , Zając Wojciech , Walczak Katarzyna , Wolczko Marta , Komenda Anna , Tobola Janusz
Published: January 2023

Ordering in the transition metal sublattice in the O3 phase affects the density of states near EF. Due to the low conductivity of the O3 phase its presence causes stronger polarization of the electrode and makes P3 → O3 phase change unfavourable.
Two viologen-functionalized pyrazolide-based metal–organic frameworks for efficient CO2photoreduction reaction
Authors: Xie Yuxin , Yao Chenghao , Li Lei , Lin Zhan
Published: January 2023

Viologen-MOFs exhibit high CO evolution from CO2under light owing to the redox viologen and work as electron relay station.
An electrochemical impedance aptasensor based on selenomolybdate nanodot/antimonene hybrid for platelet-derived growth factor-BB
Authors: Singal Shobhita , Yadav Ashish , Sharma Kajal , Sharma Meenakshi , Sharma Raj Kishore
Published: January 2023

Selenomolybdate nanodots/antimonene composite is reported for the impedimetric detection of PDGF-BB, a cancer biomarker.
Highly efficient and stable Cs2TeCl6:Cr3+ perovskite microcrystals for white light emitting diodes
Authors: Zi Lu , Xu Wen , Song Zhijiang , Sun Rui , Liu Sen , Xie Tianyu , Zhu Jinyang , Lu Siyu , Song Hongwei
Published: January 2023

In this work, a series of metal ion doped Cs2TeCl6 microcrystals were prepared and obtained a highest PLQY of 81.5% in the optimum Cs2TeCl6:Cr3+ microcrystals. In addition, WLEDs based on the mixture of Cs2TeCl6:Cr3+ and BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphors exhibit high performance.
Orthogonal electric and ionic conductivities in the thin film of a thiophene–thiophene block copolymer
Authors: Yamamoto Sonoka , Yamashita Ryutaro , Kubota Chihiro , Okano Kentaro , Kitamura Masatoshi , Funahashi Masahiro , Ye Syu-Cheng , Pan Yung-Tin , Horie Masaki , Shintani Takuji , Murata Hironori , Matsuyama Hideto , Mori Atsunori
Published: January 2023

Orthogonal electric and ionic conductivities were measured in thiophene–thiophene block copolymer thin films with different side chain functionalities.
Occupational exposure monitoring for radon in various manufacturing workplaces and underground public-use facilities in Korea
Authors: Lee Seokwon , Lim Daesung , Seo Sungchul
Published: January 2023

We characterized radon exposure levels at the workplaces and underground public-use facilities using short/long-term, and real-time detectors. The mean radon level in the underground facilities was observed 1.8-fold higher than that at workplaces.
Correction: Main group metal polymerisation catalysts
Authors: Fazekas Eszter , Lowy Phoebe A. , Abdul Rahman Maisarah , Lykkeberg Anna , Zhou Yali , Chambenahalli Raju , Garden Jennifer A.
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Main group metal polymerisation catalysts’ by Eszter Fazekas et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022, 51, 8793–8814, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CS00048B.
Experimental investigation of improved tolerance for concentration mismatch in potassium isotope analysis on a hexapole collision cell MC-ICP-MS (Nu Sapphire)
Authors: Li Wenjun , Zhao Ye , Su Benxun , Gao Bingyu , Wang Jing , Liu Shanke
Published: January 2023

Effect of K concentration mismatch up to 30% on δ41K value from RF Ref. of 1.05 V.
Pediatric Dysphagia: A Look Into the Training Received During Graduate Speech-Language Pathology Programs to Support This Population
Authors: Knollhoff Stephanie M.
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine academic preparation in pediatric swallowing and feeding, specifically, how speech-language pathology graduate programs were addressing pediatric swallowing and feeding, both academically and clinically, prior to guideline changes and modifications in 2020 due to updates and the global health pandemic.

Method:

To gain a rounded image of speech-language pathology academic programs, two different methodological approaches were utilized. First, courses from 272 accredited programs were analyzed. Second, survey results from 100 participants were analyzed to investigate clinical clock hours and experiences received during participation in a graduate speech-language pathology academic program.

Results:

Less than 1% (0.4%) of academic courses analyzed were categorized as pediatric swallowing and feeding. Greater than 90% of participants reported receiving 20 hr or less in pediatric dysphagia, assessment, or treatment. Sixty percent of participants reported not feeling well prepared at all to provide pediatric swallowing and feeding services.

Conclusions:

There are a growing number of children requiring swallowing and feeding services, a trend that looks to continue its rise. Pediatric dysphagia is a complex area requiring unique knowledge and skills. Academic programs have a responsibility to their students, and the individuals requiring speech-language pathology services, to provide experiences that allow for knowledge and skill development across the entire scope of practice and life span.
A microwave limiter with non‐reciprocal limiting threshold
Authors: Shen Jian , Liu Jibin , Lin Mingtuan , Wu Zhaofeng , Deng Shixiong
Published: January 2023

A novel microwave limiter with non‐reciprocal limiting threshold is proposed in this paper to protect the transceiver switch or the transmitter. The directivity of the directional coupler is utilized to make the power of the received signal input to the detection circuit larger than that of the transmitted signal, thereby the detection circuit provides different DC bias voltages to the limiter circuit and changes the threshold level of the limiter diode. The test results show that this limiter has a threshold level of 35 dBm for the transmitted signal and 17 dBm for the received signal, which has a non‐reciprocal limiting threshold for high‐power signals input in both directions.