bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İmam Şâfiî’nin Hukuk Düşüncesindeki Re’y Nosyonuna Dair Epistemolojik Bir İnceleme
Authors: Kozalı Abdurrahim
Published: November 2023

Fıkıh düşüncesinin ehl-i re’y - ehl-i hadis diyalektiği içinde doğduğu ve sürdüğü bilinmektedir. İmam Şâfiî, söz konusu diyalektikte genel olarak “ehl-i hadis fakihler” içerisinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, esasen “dört hak mezhebin” norm üretimi bağlamında müşterek zeminini teşkil eden asgari koşullar tespit edilmeye çalışıldıktan sonra, daha çok zannî sahada ortaya çıkan ayrışmaya işaret edilip, bu noktada İmam Şâfiî’nin farklılaştığı yönle birlikte, onun hukuk sisteminde gözlemlediğimiz re’y nosyonuna dair epistemolojik bir inceleme yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu inceleme sonucunda vahiy verilerinin doğru anlamının ancak fıkıh formasyonuna sahip kimseler tarafından tespit edilebileceği, Şâfiî’nin de “beyân teorisi”ni bu amaçla geliştirdiği üzerinde durulmuştur. Beyân teorisi naslara üst bir bakışı mümkün kıldığı gibi, teâruz gibi sorunların çözümünü de sağlamaktadır. Diğer yandan Şâfiî’nin er-Risâle’de ayrıntılı işlediği haber teorisi de kendisinin re’y nosyonunu ortaya koyduğu konulardandır. Haber teorisi çerçevesinde, âhâd haberlerle amel için, bunların sahih bir şekilde intikali ile yetinmeyip, pratikte kendileriyle amel edilebilmesi için ilave şartlar koymuş olması da yine aynı formasyona işaret etmesi bakımından önemlidir. Özellikle Hanefî düşünce açısından tespit edilen “ilkesel düşünme” eğiliminin esasen Şâfiî için de, bir ölçüde de olsa geçerli olması, ele aldığımız konu bakımından dikkat çekicidir. İslam hukukunun üçüncü kaynağı olan icmâın rasyonel içerik kazanmasının da ilk kez Şâfiî tarafından gerçekleştirildiği, yine konumuz bakımından önemli olan diğer hususlardan birisidir. Son olarak, hükümlerin bir gerekçeye bağlı olarak vazedildiği ve bu gerekçenin bulunduğu yerde hükmün de bulunması gerektiği, şeklindeki tespitleri ile Şâfiî, hukuk alanında nedensellik ve yasa fikrini benimsemiş olması bakımından da ayrıca önem taşımaktadır.
El conocimiento agrícola tradicional, la milpa y la alimentación: el caso del Valle de Ixtlahuaca, Estado de México
Authors: González Jácome Alba , Reyes Montes Laura
Published: November 2023

Los estudios de arqueología, botánica, paleoecología y las nuevas metodologías para el análisis genético, además de los estudios de isótopos, permiten afirmar que el maíz es una planta originaria de México, desde donde se propagó hacia el continente americano. Hay hipótesis de su domesticación múltiple tanto en el territorio mexicano como en otros países de América, como Colombia y Perú. Sin embargo, hacen falta estudios para confirmar los hechos de hace 10 mil a nueve mil años sobre los procesos de domesticación de plantas, particularmente, del maíz. En cada lugar donde este cereal se ha cultivado se ha adaptado a las condiciones locales de altitud, relieve orográfico, clima, disponibilidad de agua y tipo de suelo. Hay que considerar el gusto de los pobladores por sus usos, tamaños, sabores y posibilidades para su almacenamiento, lo que a través del tiempo generó nuevas razas, subrazas y variedades.  Actualmente, el maíz es uno de los cereales más importantes del planeta. Su producción se destina tanto a usos tradicionales como industriales; ser alimento para humanos y animales es de enorme importancia, así como la salud de millones de personas en el orbe. En este artículo hacemos una breve historia de su evolución en el altiplano central mexicano y, a través de un caso, de sus usos locales, incluyendo los procesos sociales, la alimentación, la ideología y su papel dentro de la cultura de un poblado del Valle de Ixtlahuaca, en el Estado de México.
Using Python for Numerical Solution of the Heat Equation Initial Boundary Value Problems and Visualization
Authors: Садыков Т. Н. , Галкин В. А. , Моргун Д. А.
Published: November 2023

в работе описана реализация численного метода контрольного объема для решения одного класса трехмерных начально-краевых задач теплопроводности в шаре на языке программирования Python. Проведено тестирование на задаче с  аналитическим решением и выполнена визуализация результатов расчета средствами Python.

this study uses the control volume method for solving a class of 3D initial-boundary value problems of the heat equation in a ball with Python. The code was tested with an analytically solvable problem, and the results were visualized.
Saúde mental: um olhar multidisciplinar do cuidado
Authors:   Juliana Pereira Queiros,   Vitória de Oliveira Almeida,   Daynna Magalhães Gomes dos Reis,   Ana Patrícia Oliveira Moura Lima,   Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa
Published: November 2023

Ao longo das páginas deste livro, você encontrará conhecimentos valiosos de trabalhadores dos campos da nutrição, psicologia, serviço social, medicina, farmácia, terapia ocupacional, sistemas da informação e enfermagem que dedicam suas vidas ao cuidar em saúde mental e ao tratamento do sofrimento psíquico no sistema público de saúde do estado do Ceará. Nossa abordagem visa fornecer um recurso abrangente para todos aqueles que desejam aprender mais sobre como cuidar de sua saúde mental. Este livro foi projetado para complementar e enriquecer seu conhecimento, auxiliando-o na sua atuação profissional. Lembre-se de que a jornada em direção à saúde mental é singular para cada indivíduo. Não há uma abordagem universal que seja eficaz para todos. Dessa forma, esperamos que você encontre inspiração nas pesquisas e relatos compartilhados pelos autores. Por fim, gostaríamos de agradecer a você por escolher explorar este livro e que este contribua em sua jornada profissional na atuação em saúde mental.
TRABALHO ESCRAVO CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Pereira Suellen Cristina Costa , Mader Renata Malachias Santos
Published: November 2023

O trabalho escravo corresponde ao fato de o empregador sujeitar o empregado à situação degradante e de exploração, incluindo situações péssimas no meio ambiente laboral. Tendo raízes ainda no período de escravidão, essa prática ainda está muito presente no mundo, em especial no Brasil, que tem sido palco de inúmeros fatos que mostram o quanto o trabalho escravo está sendo efetivado em solo pátrio. Com base neste cenário, o presente estudo se objetivou em analisar os efeitos jurídicos do trabalho escravo contemporâneo no Brasil. Na metodologia empregada, tratou-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, com fundamento em artigos científicos, livros, periódicos e na legislação atual sobre o respectivo tema. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de banco de dados tais como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, dentre outros, no período de 2018 a 2023. Nos resultados, a legislação brasileira criminaliza o trabalho escravo. A título de exemplo, o art. 5º, XLVII, da Constituição Federal de 1988, assevera que está proibida a pena de “trabalhos forçados”. Além disso, reduzir a condição análoga de escravo é crime previsto nos art. 149 do Código Penal. No campo prático, a política pública de atendimento às vítimas de trabalho escravo no Brasil consiste, basicamente, na concessão de seguro-desemprego. Independente do tempo de trabalho daquela pessoa, ela tem direito a três parcelas do seguro-desemprego, além da garantia das indenizações, como danos materiais e morais que aquela pessoa sofreu pela exploração.
CONSIDERAÇÕES JURÍDICAS ACERCA DA QUEBRA DOS DEVERES CONJUGAIS NO BRASIL: RESGATE OU ABANDONO DA CULPA?
Authors: Silva Paulo Rafael da , Rezende Paulo Izídio da Silva
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo visa abordar a controvérsia existente acerca do abandono ou da manutenção da culpa no direito de família brasileiro, dentro da esfera conjugal. Sabe-se que a convivência conjugal e\ou a ruptura desse vínculo pode gerar danos à esfera personalíssima dos cônjuges, diante da quebra dos deveres decorrentes do matrimônio. Entretanto, pode ensejar debate acerca da possibilidade jurídica da culpa não como pressuposto da dissolução conjugal ou para pleitear ação de divórcio, mas como elemento deflagrador da responsabilidade civil. Tal problemática assume relevo diante da controvérsia jurídica existente após Emenda Constitucional nº 66/2010 sobre a subsistência ou não da separação no Brasil.
Computation of covariant lyapunov vectors using data assimilation
Authors: Roy Shashank Kumar , Apte Amit
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Computing Lyapunov vectors from partial and noisy observations is a challenging problem. We propose a method using data assimilation to approximate the Lyapunov vectors using the estimate of the underlying trajectory obtained from the filter mean. We then extensively study the sensitivity of these approximate Lyapunov vectors and the corresponding Oseledets' subspaces to the perturbations in the underlying true trajectory. We demonstrate that this sensitivity is consistent with and helps explain the errors in the approximate Lyapunov vectors from the estimated trajectory of the filter. Using the idea of principal angles, we demonstrate that the Oseledets' subspaces defined by the LVs computed from the approximate trajectory are less sensitive than the individual vectors.
Snow Depth Estimation on Lead-less Landfast ice using Cryo2Ice satellite observations
Authors: Saha Monojit , Stroeve Julienne , Isleifson Dustin , Yackel John , Nandan Vishnu , Landy Jack Christopher , Lam Hoi Ming
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Observations of snow on Arctic sea ice are vitally important for sea ice thickness estimation as well as for understanding bio-physical processes and human-activities. This study is the first assessment of the potential for near-coincident ICESat-2 and Cryosat-2 (Cryo2Ice) snow depth retrievals in a lead-less region of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Snow depths are retrieved using the absolute difference in surface height from a near-coincident ICESat-2 and Cryosat-2 after applying an ocean tide correction between satellite passes 77 minutes apart. Both the absolute mean snow depths and snow depth distributions retrieved from Cryo2Ice compare favourably to in-situ measurements. All four in-situ sites had snow with saline basal layers and different levels of roughness/ridging. The retrieved Cryo2Ice snow depths were underestimated by an average of 20.7 % which is slightly higher than the tidal adjustment applied. Differences in the Cryo2Ice and in-situ snow depth distributions reflected the different sampling resolutions between the sensors and the in-situ measurements, with more heavily ridged areas producing larger mean underestimation of the snow depth. Results suggest the possibility of estimating snow depth over lead-less landfast sea ice but attributing 2–3 cm biases to differences in sampling resolution, snow salinity, density, surface roughness and/or errors in altimeter’s tidal corrections require further investigation.
Particle size distributions in Earth Sciences: a review of techniques and a new procedure to match 2D and 3D analyses
Authors: Pizzati Mattia , Mantovani Luciana , Lisotti Antonio , Storti Fabrizio , Balsamo Fabrizio
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Particle size is an essential tool in many research areas spanning from Earth Sciences, Engineering, Material Sciences, Soil Sciences and Pharmacology, among others. Over the last decades, several techniques and methodologies have been developed to calculate particle size distributions on different sample types (i.e., cohesive versus loose), spanning from volumetric (3D) to image-aided (2D) analyses. Here, we (1) present a critical review of most commonly used techniques to calculate particle size distributions from cohesive and loose samples, and (2) we illustrate a new calculation formula to extract reliable 3D grain size distributions from 2D datasets. We propose the use of the “corrected volume-weighted mean diameter” (Dw), as a new particle size descriptor, which results from the summation of products between equivalent particle diameter and particle volume, divided by the total volume of analyzed particles. In this calculation, particles were approximated to perfect circles-spheres, but a shape correction factor was applied to consider deviations from the perfect spherical shape. We tested the accuracy of Dw calculation formula by analyzing 2D datasets acquired from thin sections of 5 selected granular sand samples having different mean grain diameters and grain size distributions (i.e., different sorting degree, grain size distribution width and skewness). Grains were manually digitized, and per each thin section more than 5,000 particles were acquired. Two-dimensional grain size distributions were cross-checked with the results provided via laser diffraction granulometry on the same samples and were compared with previously published and widely used calculation methods. Our promising results encourage the usage of Dw formula as it provides best matching results with 3D laser granulometry and needs basic input parameters that can be easily extracted from any image analysis software.
Potential effect of the marine carbon cycle on the multiple equilibria window of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Boot Amber Adore , von der Heydt Anna S. , Dijkstra Henk A.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is considered to be a tipping element in the Earth System due to possible multiple (stable) equilibria. Here, we investigate the multiple equilibria window of the AMOC within a coupled ocean circulation-carbon cycle box model. We show that adding couplings between the ocean circulation and the carbon cycle model affects the multiple equilibria window of the AMOC. Increasing the total carbon content of the system widens the multiple equilibria window of the AMOC, since higher atmospheric pCO2 values are accompanied by stronger freshwater forcing over the Atlantic Ocean. The important mechanisms behind the increase of the multiple equilibria window are the balance between the riverine source and the sediment sink of carbon and the sensitivity of the AMOC to freshwater forcing over the Atlantic Ocean. Our results suggest that changes in the marine carbon cycle can influence AMOC stability in future climates.
A new cropland area database by country circa 2020
Authors: Tubiello Francesco N. , Conchedda Giulia , Casse Leon , Hao Pengyu , De Santis Giorgia , Chen Zhongxin
Published: November 2023

Abstract. We describe a new dataset of cropland area circa the year 2020, with global coverage and with data for 221 countries and territories and 34 regional aggregates. Data are generated from geospatial information on the agreement–disagreement characteristics of six open-access high-resolution cropland maps derived from remote sensing. The cropland area mapping (CAM) aggregation dataset provides information on (i) mean cropland area and its uncertainty, (ii) cropland area by six distinct cropland agreement classes, and (iii) cropland area by specific combinations of underlying land cover product. The results indicated that world cropland area is 1500 ± 400 Mha (mean and 95 % confidence interval), with a relative uncertainty of 25 % that increased across regions. It was 50 % in Central Asia (40 ± 20 Mha), South America (180 ± 80 Mha), and Southern Europe (40 ± 20 Mha) and up to 40 % in Australia and New Zealand (50 ± 20 Mha), Southeastern Asia (80 ± 30 Mha), and Southern Africa (16 ± 6 Mha). Conversely, cropland area was estimated with better precision, i.e., smaller uncertainties in the range 10 %–25 % in Southern Asia (230 ± 30 Mha), Northern America (200 ± 40 Mha), Northern Africa (40 ± 10 Mha), and Eastern Europe and Western Europe (40 ± 10 Mha). The new data can be used to investigate the coherence of information across the six underlying products, as well as to explore important disagreement features. Overall, 70 % or more of the estimated mean cropland area globally and by region corresponded to good agreement of underlying land cover maps – four or more. Conversely, in Africa cropland area estimates found significant disagreement, highlighting mapping difficulties in complex landscapes. Finally, the new cropland area data were consistent with FAOSTAT (FAO, 2023) in 15 out of 18 world regions, as well as for 114 out of 182 countries with a cropland area above 10 kha. By helping to highlight features of cropland characteristics and underlying causes for agreement–disagreement across land cover products, the CAM aggregation dataset may be used as a reference for the quality of country statistics and may help guide future mapping efforts towards improved agricultural monitoring. Data are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7987515 (Tubiello et al., 2023a).
Introduction to the NJIAS Himawari-8/9 cloud feature dataset for climate and typhoon research
Authors: Zhuge Xiaoyong , Zou Xiaolei , Yu Lu , Li Xin , Zeng Mingjian , Chen Yilun , Zhang Bing , Yao Bin , Tang Fei , Chen Fengjiao , Kan Wanlin
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The use of remote sensing method to accurately measure cloud properties and their spatiotemporal changes has been widely welcomed in many fields of atmospheric research. The Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences (NJIAS) Himawari-8/9 Cloud Feature Dataset (HCFD) provides a comprehensive description of cloud features over the East Asia and west North Pacific regions for the 7 yr period from April 2016 to December 2022. Multiple cloud variables, such as cloud mask, phase/type, top height, optical thickness, and particle effective radius, as well as snow, dust and haze masks, were generated from the visible and infrared measurements of the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) onboard the Japanese geostationary satellites Himawari-8/9 using a series of cloud retrieval algorithms developed by Dr. Zhuge and his colleagues. Verifications with the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization 1-km cloud layer product and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Level-2 cloud product (MYD06) demonstrates that the NJIAS HCFD gives higher skill scores than the Japanese Himawari-8/9 operational cloud product for all cloud variables except for the particle effective radius. The NJIAS HCFD even outperforms the MYD06 in the nighttime continental cloud detection and the infrared-only cloud-top phase determination. Then, two application examples are presented, to demonstrate the use of the NJIAS HCFD for climate and typhoon research. The NJIAS HCFD has been published at the Science Data Bank (https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09950, Zhuge 2023a; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09953, Zhuge 2023b; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09954, Zhuge 2023c; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.10158, Zhuge 2023d; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09945, Zhuge 2023e).
A wave-resolving modeling study of rip current variability, rip hazard, and swimmer escape strategies on an embayed beach
Authors: Yuan Ye , Yang Huaiwei , Yu Fujiang , Gao Yi , Li Benxia , Xing Chuang
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Drownings due to rip currents are a major threat to beach safety. In this study a high-resolution Boussinesq model with a modified wave-resolving Lagrangian tracking module has been applied to a 2 km long embayed beach, Dadonghai of Sanya, Hainan Island, with the purpose of studying rip current variability, real-time rip hazard identification, and the optimal swimmer escape strategies. The beach stage evolves periodically at the study site and plays an important role in the long-term modulation of the occurrence and strength of rip currents according to the modeling. A series of tests are designed and confirm that rip current strength is closely related to wave properties and tidal levels. Spectral analysis of output time series at specific points shows that the modeled rip currents fluctuate on the orders of 1 and 10 min, which suggests the effects of wave-group-forced infragravity (IG) and very-low-frequency (VLF) motions. Rip hazard levels are defined by combining rip strength and its duration. An attempt to use the GPU-accelerated FUNWAVE-TVD (Total Variation Diminishing version of the Fully Nonlinear Boussinesq Wave Model) embedded with the spectral wave model WAM6-GPU (GPU version of the third-generation spectral wave model WAM Cycle 6) exhibits its capability to evaluate rip hazard levels in real time. One of the differences of the present study from previous works is that the random, wave-resolving tracking of virtual swimmers is performed with 1 m resolution to study beach safety strategies. The results demonstrate that multiple factors contribute to the survival of swimmers caught in the rip currents, including surf-zone bathymetry, rip strength, fine-scale flow patterns, the bather's position, and swimming ability. For weak-to-moderate rip currents and longshore currents, swim onshore consistently seems to be the most successful strategy across all the scenarios in this study. Higher surf-zone exit rates along Dadonghai beach are not favorable for stay afloat action, which puts swimmers at a higher risk of being expelled to deeper water. The effects of wave randomness of incoming wave trains and assignment of wave-following coefficients on Lagrangian tracking are also discussed.
Evolution of small-scale turbulence at large Richardson numbers
Authors: Ostrovsky Lev , Soustova Irina , Troitskaya Yuliya , Gladskikh Daria
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The theory of stratified turbulent flow developed earlier by the authors is applied to data from the upper oceanic level to confirm that small-scale turbulence can be amplified and supported at a quasi-stationary level even at large gradient Richardson numbers due to the exchange between kinetic and potential energies. Using the mean profiles of Brunt-Väisälä frequency and vertical current shear given in Forryan et al. (2013), the profiles of kinetic energy dissipation rate are calculated, to be in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. This confirms the importance of including potential energy into realistic models of subsurface turbulence.
Evaluation of Soil Suitability for Sesame (Sesamum Indicum) Farming in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: B.B. Ezekiel , B.Y. Mohammed , M.Y. Ahmed , I. Nuhu , D.G. Musa
Published: November 2023

This study evaluates the soil suitability for sesame (Sesamum indicum) farming in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba State. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the suitable soil for sesame farming in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba using expert Knowledge, to determine the concentration of soil nutrients for sesame farming in Gassol LGA and to compare the level of soil suitability for Sesame farming in Gassol LGA with that of FAO. The expert questionnaires were used to identify the preferred nutrients for sesame farming. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to determine the weight of the different soil nutrients by pairwise comparison matrix. The soil samples were collected from the twelve (12) political wards of the study area. The soil samples taken from each ward were air dried, crushed and sieved using a 2 mm sieve and analysed using standard soil analytical procedures at the Modibbo Adama University of Technology (MAUTECH) Yola. Soil pH was measured (soil: water ratio, 1:2) using a pH metre; total N content was determined by flame photometer. The study revealed through the pairwise comparison matrix that favourable average nitrogen in the area ranked first among the nutrients, followed by potassium, phosphorus, sulphur, electrical conductivity, organic matter, organic carbon and potential hydrogen. The Consistency Ratio (CR) of 0.05 was consistent with the experts’ judgement in determining the preference of soil nutrients for sesame farming in the Gassol area. The laboratory results indicated that potential hydrogen (6.0), electrical conductivity (0.2) and sulphur (5.5) are low in soil nutrients for farming sesame in the study area based on the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO 1976) standard. It further shows that organic carbon (0.5) and nitrogen (0.1) are very low in the soil for sesame farming in the study area while potassium (10.5) and organic matter (2.0) are high in the soil nutrient content of the study area. It was recommended that to ensure optimal sesame production, there is a need for awareness by farmers of the suitable site for sesame farming, and farmers need adequate knowledge of the appropriate fertiliser for sesame farming to improve the soil where the nutrients are low, It further recommends for access to farm inputs such as credit facilities, fertiliser, improve seeds and other infrastructural development for farmers.
Konšpiračné teórie ako súčasť hybridných hrozieb
Authors:   Akadémia Policajného zboru v Bratislave, Ivančík Radoslav
Published: November 2023

Conspiracy theories, the belief that many significant events are secretly manipulated by powerful forces exist in all societies. However, in recent years, their influence and popularity are constantly increasing, especially in close connection with the rapid increase in the use of modern information and communication technologies, systems and means. Some conspiracy theories can be just harmless fun or an expression of a certain incredulity or scepticism. However, some can be very dangerous, they can be part of hybrid threats spread by state and/or non-state actors with the aim of influencing the opinion and behaviour of the population in the target countries in order to disrupt or undermine trust in democratic institutions, democratically elected representatives, democratic principles and in the ability to solve current problems of the given society. Some may even lead to the promotion of violence, extremism, radicalism, ethnic, racial, or religious intolerance. This is also why today conspiracy theories represent a threat as well as a challenge for human, especially democratic society, and this is also the reason why the author of this paper deals with them as part of the interdisciplinary scientific research carried out.
Ochrana síl v procese plánovania a realizácie operácií vo vojenskom umení
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Bakič Martin
Published: November 2023

We can classify the current global security environment as dynamic and unpredictable, to the return of the ties of the bipolar global power-political system. In the article, the author points (reacts) to the emerging security situation in the Euro-Atlantic area, with the aim of pointing out force protection as an adequate function of ensuring the fulfillment of the task in operations. Adequate security of the armed forces will require a process of planning and execution. The author focuses on a wide spectrum of force protection in the process of planning and execution of operations in military art, in individual levels of operations and in operational art (in operational design) as the main essence in the examined issue. In the last chapter, we point to the force protection as a basic joint function with the use of qualitative and comparative analysis of the acquired knowledge in the doctrinal environment in the examined issue.
Politicko – strategické rozhodovanie o Ozbrojených silách Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Novotná Iveta
Published: November 2023

The Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic represent one of the decisive tools for ensuring the security of the Slovak Republic and defending its freedom, independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. In this context, they fulfil a number of important tasks resulting from Act no. 321/2002 Coll. on the armed forces, from international treaties to which the Slovak Republic is bound, and from other special regulations. Following this, the author deals with the political-strategic decision-making about the Slovak Armed Forces in the context of the starting points arising from the main strategic documents and legislation in the field of security, as well as from the policies of institutions such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Union.
Tridsať rokov bezpečnosti Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Papšová Monika
Published: November 2023

Ensuring the security of citizens is one of the fundamental tasks of any state. The state itself determines, through a security strategy, how it will proceed to ensure security. However, it is important to protect security by preventing disputes from arising and developing them into open conflicts. The aim of this article is to provide an excursion into the history of building the security of the newly established state, the Slovak Republic since 1993, by pointing out the most important milestones that influenced its security up to the current situation. Pointing out the purpose of building security and all that this process involves has never been more necessary than after the outbreak of armed conflict in Ukraine. Finally, possible predictions of the development of the security situation in the Slovak Republic and its surroundings are presented.
Evolving NATO Partnership in the Light of the Madrid and Vilnius Summits
Authors: Siposné Kecskeméthy Klára , Sipos Alexandra
Published: November 2023

The Vilnius Summit was of particular importance for NATO moving forward towards credible defence and enhanced deterrence. The Russian Federation’s actions in defiance of international law (2008 Georgia, 2014 annexation of Crimea, invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022) have radically changed the strategic and security environment. The Vilnius Summit in line with the Madrid Strategic Concept focused on the challenges, risks and threats on the eastern flank of the Alliance, the military reinforcement, strengthening and development of response capabilities have been a priority. Finland as a fully-fledged member country participated at the Vilnius Summit. This paper deals with developments in the framework of the partnership initiatives. The establishment of the NATO-Ukraine Council was one of the most important decisions taken at the summit. Furthermore, priority was given to the like-minded countries of the Asia-Pacific region, and attention has been paid to the Balkan region, the Middle East and Africa.
EÚ a migrácia
Authors: Vajda Michal
Published: November 2023

Migration is not a new, modern phenomenon of the present time. On the contrary, the phenomenon of the present time is its demonization, the spread of false and distorted information, mainly in the environment of alternative media and electronic social networks. The aim of the work is to present true, balanced and, as far as possible, comprehensive information about the facts, causes, trends, benefits and security risks associated with the topic of the European Union and migration in a clear and concise manner. It focuses on migration to the European Union from third countries, the factors that cause and accelerate it, and the tools and policies that the Union applies to manage it. When creating the article, publicly available information from official sources of the European Union was analyzed - documents published by the European Commission, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, but also from relevant official policies of the Slovak Republic and peer-reviewed scientific works.
Plánovanie podpory obrany Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Frianová Viera
Published: November 2023

This paper deals with the issue of the defence support planning of the Slovak Republic. Defence support is one of the planning domains (functional areas) of defence planning in the Department of the Ministry of Defence of the Slovak Republic. The article presents the results of the theoretical and empirical research conducted on the issue. The author of the paper clarifies the main theoretical starting points of the researched issue, describes in more detail the defence support planning methodology of the Department of the Ministry of Defence of the Slovak Republic. She points out the most significant problems of practise in this area and informs the reader about the planned goals and objectives plans for the further development of defence support of the Slovak Republic for the coming years, as well as with a view to 2035.
Phenocopy of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Patients with Chiari 1 Malformation Associated Syringomyelia: Brief Literature Review
Authors: Al-Zamil M. , Kulikova N. G.
Published: November 2023

Arnold-Chiari malformation or Chiari malformation (CM1) is the name of a group of deformities of the posterior fossa and hindbrain (cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata). The pathogenetic basis of this disease is associated with herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. CM1 is classified as a rare disease. CM1 can present with a wide variety of symptoms, also non-specific, with consequent controversies on diagnosis and surgical decision-making, particularly in asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. Syringomyelia (Syr), hydrocephalus, craniocervical instability, encephalocele, scoliosis, spina bifida and spinal dysraphism are the most common comorbidities that may present at the time of diagnosis or develop secondarily. Most attention has been paid to syringomyelia complicated by CM1 (CM1-related Syr). Formation of single or multiple fluid-filled cavities in the spinal cord and/or bulb as a result of pulse changes in intracranial pressure associated with disruption of normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation due to morphological abnormalities of the brain at the magnum level. This condition can be complicated by a rarer disease caused by the development of damage to the anterior horns of the spinal cord - amyotrophic sclerosis (ALS syndrome). In this brief literature review we are trying to demonstrate the mean pathogenic basis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in patients with chiari 1 malformation associated syringomyelia.
An Exploratory Study of Employee Engagement in Human Service Agencies
Authors: Esaki Nina , Liu Xiaofang , Vito Rosemary
Published: November 2023

Given research suggesting that engaged employees demonstrate greater workplace performance, employee engagement has been one of the highest trending topics in the management and human resource literature over the past 20 years; yet there is minimal empirical research focused specifically on employee engagement in nonprofit organizations. The purpose of this study was to explore antecedent factors that contribute to employee engagement in the human services sector, using a convenience sample of staff in human service agencies in the New York City region. Organizational trust, satisfaction with supervisor, and coworker support were significant predictors of employee engagement.
Biện pháp quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cho học sinh các trường trung học cơ sở  huyện Chợ Mới, tỉnh An Giang
Authors: Lê Thị Bích Tuyền , Lâm Thị Sang , Lượng Minh Trí
Published: November 2023

Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh đã từng dạy: “Đạo đức là cái gốc của người cách mạng, đạo đức cũng là cái gốc của con người phát triển toàn diện mà nhà trường phổ thông có trách nhiệm đào tạo… Do đó công tác đức dục được tiến hành tốt sẽ là cơ sở để nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục toàn diện…”. Nhận thức sâu sắc lời dạy trên đây, để nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục đạo đức cho học sinh cấp trung học cơ sở ở huyện Chợ Mới, tỉnh An Giang, trong bài báo này, tác giả làm rõ: (1) Khái niệm “Giáo dục đạo đức học sinh trung học cơ sở” và “Quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức học sinh trung học cơ sở”; (2) Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức học sinh ở các trường trung học cơ sở huyện Chợ Mới, tỉnh An Giang; và (3) Biện pháp quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức học sinh ở các trường trung học cơ sở ở địa phương.
The Effect Of Economic Value Added (Eva), Market Value Added (MVA), Refined Economic Value Added (REVA) On Stock Prices And Stock Returns In Manufacturing Companies Listed In Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Mariyani Dede , Hariyanti Hariyanti , Novida Diah Rachmawatie
Published: November 2023

The development of stock returns  of manufacturing companies shows fluctuating movements from year to year. Return movements  like this indicate that the condition of the manufacturing company is unstable so that it has an impact on the  resulting stock returns. This uncertainty will certainly create its own concerns for investors who will invest in shares in manufacturing companies. With this, it is important for investors to analyze the company's condition first so that the investment made can provide returns. One aspect of the company that can be assessed by investors is the company's performance through financial statements. Helfert (2012: 98) grouped company performance measurements into three groups, namely (1) Earning  Measures, (2) Cash Flow Measures, (3) Value Measures. Performance measurement based on  value measures is  economic value added (EVA), market value added (MVA), and refined economic value  (REVA) This performance measurement holds the view that increasing value means also increasing  long-term shareholder investment returns. Steward (2013: 115) states  that value measures are considered to have capabilities that exceed Another performance measurement, because it takes into account all factors related to the creation (value)  of the company that have an impact on the increasing prosperity of shareholders. The purpose of this study is to test EVA, MVA, and REVA against stock prices and stock returns. In this study using a research sample of 104 manufacturing companies taken through random sampling in the period 2014-2016. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study used  the Partial Least Square Path Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results of this study show that EVA, MVA, and REVA have a significant positive relationship with stock price and stock return . By looking at the results of this study, it shows that performance appraisal using the EVA, MVA, and REVA methods has a strong influence on stock prices and stock returns . This shows that value-based valuation  is important because every investment cannot escape the consequences of the incurring cost of capital as compensation for the funds used to finance the investment. The return on an investment will only mean that if the amount of return exceeds the cost of capital incurred to realize the investment, measurement certainly requires an accurate valuation method.
A Comprehensive Review of Software Development Life Cycle methodologies: Pros, Cons, and Future Directions
Authors: yas qahtan , Alazzawi Abdulbasit , Rahmatullah Bahbibi
Published: November 2023

The software development process needs specific and studied steps within a reliable plan to achieve the requirements for the success of any project. Software development life cycle (SDLC) methodologies have provided several models that meet the needs of the various proposed projects. These methodologies present various scenarios that can be applied in the process of developing systems to make them more efficient and predictive. The paper aims to illuminate the paramount Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) methodologies by conducting a comprehensive review of the pros and cons of the various models widely used for software design. Furthermore, the paper discusses fundamental trajectories that are shaping the future landscape of SDLC methodologies. This review included two main types of software development life cycle approaches such as traditional SDLC (heavy-weight) and agile SDLC (light-weight) approaches. The traditional approach included several models such as the Waterfall model, Iterative model, Spiral model, V-Model, and Big Bang Model. Whereas, the agile approach included various models such as the eXtreme Programming (XP) Model, scrum Model, Feature Driven Development (FDD) Model, and Kanban Model. A comprehensive analytical study of all software development life cycle models was achieved and highlighted their most prominent strengths and weaknesses of them. SDLC methodologies wield substantial ramifications across a multitude of sectors, contingent upon several models tailored to individual developmental and research contexts. In culmination, the paper furnishes an all-encompassing perspective on paramount SDLC models, encompassing two principal paradigms: the traditional and the agile approaches. These encompass fundamental sub-models that encapsulate pioneering models poised for application in system development, thus facilitating their refinement more efficiently and predictably.
Reassessing Public Participation in Constitution-Making Processes
Authors: Sethi Amal
Published: November 2023

Scholars have long debated public involvement in constitution-making and will continue to do so. Yet, despite the multitude of opinions, we are no closer to resolving some of the most fundamental questions regarding the role of the public in constitution-making processes than decades ago when these discussions first started. The recent participatory Chilean constitution-making process, the growing wave of authoritarian constitution-making, and the plethora of new empirical evidence present another occasion to revisit this topic. In contrast to earlier literature, this article approaches this topic by addressing both the normative and the sociological dimensions of public participation in constitution-making. It first argues that public participation in constitution-making should only be considered a sociological necessity, not a normative one. Second, using a bottom-up approach, it provides a list of guiding principles to ensure that public participation in constitution-making, when conducted, allows for a net positive for both the constitution and the society it governs.
感染性偽動脈瘤與感染性股動脈至股動脈繞道人工血管支架的周邊動脈疾病的腔內血管治療：病例報告
Authors: 高弘儒 高弘儒 , 吳重寬 吳重寬 , 林佳勳 林佳勳
Published: November 2023

血管重建、局部清創、感染性植入物的移除與抗生素是傳統感染血管移植物的治療方法。在這裡，我們報告了一名患有第二型糖尿病、血脂異常、冠狀動脈疾病與周邊血管疾病的七十歲男性，對於冠狀動脈疾病他接受過冠狀動脈繞道手術而周邊血管疾病他接受過股動脈至股動脈繞道人工血管支架置放與多次腔內血管治療如雙側髂動脈支架置放與右側股動脈人工血管支架置放，他出現感染性偽動脈瘤與感染性股動脈至股動脈繞道人工血管支架。他的病情不適合替代的繞道人工血管；因此，我們進行腔內人工血管支架的置入以維持下肢有足夠的血流灌注；簡而言之，他在移除感染的血管移植物與隨後的游離皮瓣重建前，接受右髂外動脈到股淺動脈與左髂外動脈到左股膕繞道血管的腔內血管重建，這不是傳統的治療方式。追蹤10年間，病患恢復良好並未復發。因此，對於血管條件較差的患者，這種治療可作為無法進行繞道人工血管手術的替代方法。

 

Vascular reconstruction, regional debridement and removal of the infected pros-thesis, and antibiotics are traditional treatment of infected vascular graft. Here, we reported a 70-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, coronary ar-tery disease after coronary artery bypass graft, peripheral artery disease with femoral to femoral (F-F) bypass graft, and multiple endovascular treatment such as bilateral iliac artery stents and right femoral artery stent-graft, who presented with infected pseudoaneurysm and infected F-F bypass graft. His condition was not suitable for alternative bypass graft; hence, endovascular stent-graft was performed to maintain perfusion of lower extremities. In brief, he underwent endovascular revascularization of the right external iliac artery (EIA) to superficial femoral artery, and left EIA to left femoral-popliteal bypass graft before removal of infected graft following free flap reconstruction, which was not a conventional treatment fashion. The patient recovered well with no recurrence after follow-up for 10 years. Therefore, this treatment may be used as an alternative to bypass grafting for patients with poor candidate vessels.

 
居家照護兒童家庭照顧者之負荷與生活品質
Authors: 簡辰霖 簡辰霖 , 楊玲玲 楊玲玲 , 陸嘉真 陸嘉真 , 羅鴻基 羅鴻基 , 呂立 呂立
Published: November 2023

研究背景與目的：由於醫療科技與照護品質的進步，呼吸重症兒童存活率提升，需要長期呼吸照顧的兒童及需求日漸增多，包含就醫、照護、就學、成長等長期的、多方面的撫育照顧需求。本研究目的如下：1.了解居家呼吸照護兒童與家庭照顧者的人口學特質，2.探討照顧者負荷與生活品質。研究方法：本研究為橫斷性研究，採立意取樣。收案對象為居家使用呼吸器30天以上或有氣切造口之18歲以下兒童的家庭照顧者。本研究首先利用問卷評估居家呼吸照護兒童的特質及功能行為量表、家庭照顧者人口學特質與其家庭特性。並另外以問卷了解家庭照顧者的照顧負荷，家庭照顧者的生活品質則以世界衛生組織生活品質-台灣簡明版之問卷作為評量。本研究收集之資料，依據研究目的，進行描述統計結果，敘述分析其特性。研究結果：本研究收集有效問卷共計102位家庭照顧者，90%之家庭照顧者為母親，平均年齡41.2±9.7歲，照顧者有一半以上提供全日照護，83人加入相關社群支持團體。居家照護兒童平均年齡7.8±5.4歲，男童59位，使用呼吸器者有96人，氣切照護52人，到校上學55人，主要診斷為中樞神經系統與神經肌肉疾病居多，過去一年住院原因以肺炎為主(38%)。本研究對象之照顧負荷以社會負荷最高，依序為經濟、心理與生理負荷，負荷指數皆大於70%。生活品質則以社會關係範疇之滿意程度最高，最低為心理健康範疇。結論：本研究結果發現兒童居家呼吸照護具有長期、多元、仰賴照顧特質，主要照顧者之照顧工作複雜且不容易取代的特性，導致其高照顧負荷，與生活品質滿意度低。建議應了解長期呼吸照護兒童家庭照顧者之需求，提供資源與社會支持，以減緩照顧負荷，並促進家庭功能與生活品質。

 

Background and Purpose: The increased care burden among home caregivers results in significant stress. This preliminary report aimed to evaluate the pediatric respiratory home caregivers’ burden and quality of life (QOL). Methods: This cross-sectional study used purposive sampling to prospectively recruit children re-ceiving pediatric respiratory home care and their caregivers. Eligible children were defined as children younger than 18 years who had used home ventilators for more than 30 days or who needed tracheostomy care. The Caregiver Care Burden Scale was used to investigate the caregivers’ physiological, psychological, social and economic burdens. QOL was assessed using a brief version of the QOL scale developed by the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: A total of 102 pairs of chil-dren and caregivers were included. Caregivers’ mean age was 41.2±9.7 years, and 90% were mothers of home care children. Children’s demographic and clinical char-acteristics were: age 7.6±5.4 years, ventilator-dependent (n=96), tracheostomy (n=52), with major diagnoses of central nervous system disorders (44%) and neuromuscular dystrophy (23%). Social burden was the highest care burden, and the four care burden domains were all above 70%, indicating a medium level of care burden. Psychological QOL had the lowest score among the four QOL domains. Conclusions: Pediatric res-piratory home care is long-term, multidisciplinary, and highly-dependent. The overall care burden and QOL of home caregivers are at a medium level. Psychosocial support and focusing on caregivers’ needs and general health may reduce caregivers’ care burden, improve QOL and enhance family dynamics in pediatric respiratory home care.

 
國網中心於執行醫療大數據相關計畫之角色
Authors: 王聿泰 王聿泰
Published: November 2023

生物檢體數位化後將有機會永久保存生物檢體中的資訊與成就資料再利用之最大效益，然而數位化後的生醫巨量資料將仰賴大型的資訊基礎設施使資料服務為之不墜。近年來隨著生醫科技的進展，無論是基因定序或人工智慧技術的應用下，資料的規模，或者是計算規模，與背後的資訊設備需求，早已不是個別研究人員的實驗室資源所可以承受。再者隨著對個人資料保護的要求、注重資訊安全，及尊重資料當事人對自身資料權利表達機會，乃至於資料使用者對於資料分析的方便性與功能完整性的要求，讓生醫資料的運用與處理更仰賴於各項先進資訊技術集結，透過資訊專業建置出符合各界期待的生醫平台，讓生醫資料發揮其最大的效益。

 

The digitalization of biosamples offers an opportunity to permanently retain the information contained in biosamples and maximize data reutilization. However, the digitalized biomedical big data require large-scale information infrastructure to sustain relevant services. With the advancement of biomedical technologies, applications involving gene sequencing and artificial intelligence have exceeded a level that individual researchers or laboratories can afford in terms of data volume, computational capacity, and hardware requirements. The demands for personal information protection, information security, right of information self-determination, and the convenience and functional completeness of data analysis have also made biomedical data application and processing more reliant on advanced information technologies. A biomedical platform that meets the expectations of all stakeholders should thus be established through advanced information technologies to extract the maximum potential from biomedical data.

 