bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Green Silver Nanoparticles in the Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli
Authors: Sinha Anvesha , Manjhi Jayanand
Published: August 2018

Background:

The quandary of antimicrobial resistance is rapidly becoming a cause for global concern. Meanwhile, green biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles is being extensively studied for their antibacterial properties. However, in the dearth of appropriate and substantial evidence, the development of Green Silver Nanoparticles (GSNPs) as the antibacterial drug is impeded.

Objective:

The present study aims at surfacing the mechanism behind the inhibitory actions of GSNPs against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Methods:

Silver nanoparticles were fabricated using the peels of Citrus Sinensis and Punica granatum and characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM. The GSNPs were further scrutinized for their antibacterial properties against Gran negative Escherichia coli and grampositive Listeria monocytogenes and confirmed using FC analysis. Further multiple parameters were investigated for deciphering the mechanism of antibacterial action.

Results:

The results reveal the fabrication of 14-60 nm polydispersed GSNPs having 96% inhibition potential against both the test bacteria. Deposition of GSNPs on the bacterial surface resulting in pit formation in the bacterial cell wall and membrane causing leaking of cellular components and deactivation of bacterial enzymes were observed in the present study.

Conclusion:

The study proves that contrary to earlier investigations, GSNPs prepared using orange and pomegranate peels are effective against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and may thus be used for the development of antibacterial therapies, subjected to further investigation.
The Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Vigna mungo L. Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Pavani Kantabathini Venkata , Beulah Mallula , Sai Poojitha Govinda Udayar
Published: August 2018

Aim:

The purpose of this study was to test the phytotoxicity effect of ZnONPs on Vigna mungo L. seedling growth and antioxidant activity.

Methods:

Vigna mungo L. Seeds were treated with to a wide range of ZnO NPs ranging 5 to25mg/100ml for 8hours. Vigna mungo seeds that were soaked in ZnO NPs solution were sown in pots (20 cm × 40 cm) filled with red soil and a layer of coco peat. The effect of ZnO NPs on morphological, biochemical and antioxidant activity in Vigna mungo L. plants was investigated after 15,30,45 and 60 days.

Results:

The impact of ZnO NPs on plant growth characteristics and biochemical changes in Vigna mungo L. plants was investigated after 15,30,45 and 60 days. The ZnONPs exposure significantly enhanced germination percentage by 111.3% but root length (75.25%), shoot length (89.81%), number of leaves (91.66%), length of leaves (76%), width of leaves (67.27%), fresh weight of plant (27.96%) and dry weight of plant (28.23%) decreased in the treated plants after 60 days exposure to 25mg/100ml compared to the untreated control. Interestingly, treated plants after 60 days exposure to 25mg/100ml increased significantly the chlorophyll (115.0%), reducing sugars (244.4%), total sugars (212.72%) protein (181.8%). Treatment to Vigna mungo L. seeds with ZnONPs has been found to induce the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as Guaiacol peroxidase, Glutathione Reductase, Catalase and increase in the ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide contents. TEM images revealed that the aggregated ZnO NPs to be deposited inside the seed.

Conclusion:

Vigna mungo seeds treated with different concentrations of ZnO NPs showed decreased root growth and increased germination index, shoot and leaf growth. There was a significant change in Glutathione reductase, Guaiacol peroxidase and Catalase activity and ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide of Vigna mungo exposed to ZnONPs. Aggregated nanoparticles penetration into the intracellular region of the seed was observed.A complete study on the toxic effects of ZnO NPs can help significantly in the safe disposal of ENPs for the reduction of adverse effects in both environmental and agricultural systems.
Development and Evaluation of Lycopene Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Dhiman A. , Bhalla D.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Nanotechnology has gained a great deal of public interest due to
the needs and applications of nanomaterials in many areas of human endeavours such as
industry, agriculture, business, medicine and public health amongst many others. Polymeric
nanoparticles from biodegradable and biocompatible polymers are good candidates
for drug carrier to deliver the drugs because they are expected to be adsorbed in an intact
form in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of some precarious
variables like, concentration of chitosan, concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate
(STPP) and stirring time on physicochemical characteristics of lycopene loaded chitosan
nanoparticles.

Method:

Eight batches of lycopene loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using
various concentrations of chitosan (100-200 mg), STPP (50-100 mg) by varying stirring
speed in the range of 10-20 minutes using ionic gelation method. The optimized
nanoparticulate formulation was characterized for various parameters like morphology
study, particle size and size distribution studies, differential scanning calorimetry, entrapment
efficiency and in-vitro drug release studies.

Results:

Lycopene loaded chitosan nanoparticles containing 150 mg of chitosan, 75 mg
of STPP, 20 mg of drug lycopene and with 15 min of stirring time showed entrapment efficiency
of 89.4%. The percent release of lycopene loaded chitosan nanoparticles at the
end of 6 h was found to be 83.5%, however, percent release of pure lycopene at the end
of 6 h was observed as 79.6%.

Conclusion:

Lycopene loaded chitosan nanoparticles may show a great promise for the
development of drug delivery system by enhancing the cellular accumulation of lycopene
with chitosan.
Afforestation and reforestation in Romania: History, current practice and future perspectives
Authors: Palaghianu Ciprian , Dutca Ioan
Published: August 2018

Preserving forest legacy was an important objective throughout Romanian history and so is today. Artificial forest regeneration (including both reforestation and afforestation) was widely used to ensure the forest continuity, following forest harvesting, or to create new forests on non-forest lands. As Romania has undergone various political changes that affected the socio-economic environment, these changes also left significant marks on forest cover dynamics. In this paper, we chronologically present the historical initiatives to preserve and increase forest cover in Romania, the current practices, available funding and future perspectives on artificial forest regeneration. Increasing forest cover from the current level of 27% to, and beyond European average of 33% seems an ambitious target for Romania. However, that may be achievable if the sources of funding for afforestation would diversify and increase, the available funds would be more effectively accessed, national forestry regulations would be less bureaucratic and the guidelines on artificial forest regeneration would be up to date and less restrictive. The whole framework of forestation should be revised to comply with recent social, economic and environmental realities, and modern criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management should be explicitly included. The new goals should also be tailored to the changes regarding the property type, climate related trends and new requirements of the forest certification systems.
Reforestation challenges 2018
Authors: Ivetić Vladan
Published: August 2018

The conference on "Reforestation Challenges" took place on 20-22 June 2018 in Belgrade, Serbia, at Faculty of Forestry of the University of Belgrade. This was the fourth meeting on reforestation challenges, after three successful meetings in three previous years (2015 – Belgrade, Serbia; 2016 – Krakow, Poland; 2017 – Session at the IUFRO Congress in Freiburg, Germany). This Conference, like the first one, was organized by Faculty of Forestry of the University of Belgrade, IUFRO (specifically by IUFRO Unit: 3.02.00 - Stand Establishment and Treatment), and Reforesta Scientific and professional Society.
Breaking seed coat dormancy of six tree species
Authors: Kheloufi Abdenour , Mansouri Lahouaria , Aziz Nada , Sahnoune Meriem , Boukemiche Sarra , Ababsa Boutheina
Published: August 2018

Breaking physical dormancy in some forest seeds is a challenge for scientists and forest managers to obtain an homogeneous germination for larger seed samples. The role played by the seed coat in seed dormancy of six trees with great interest in agroforestry (Robinia pseudoacacia, Leucaena leucocephala, Erythrostemon gilliesii, Styphnolobium japonicum, Acacia dealbata and Brachychiton populneus) was tested by the effects of the pretreatment and its duration on the performance of seed germination, by considering the final germination percentage (FGP) and the mean germination time (MGT). These parameters are estimated at various times of incubation (5, 10 and 15 days) in Petri dishes and stored in darkness at (25 ± 2°C). The pretreatment consists of an immersion of seeds in concentrated sulphuric acid during 30, 60 and 90 minutes.
Sowing without pretreatment (control) revealed no germination induction for B. populneus and A. dealbata, except for R. pseudoacacia, L. leucocephala and S. japonica where the germination does not exceed 12% for all the experience duration. Generally, pretreatments were very useful to improve seed germination. The time of immersion into sulphuric acid significantly affected (P < 0.0001) the FGP and the MGT in all studied species. A duration of 30 minutes of soaking was adequate to give a very high rate of germination for L. leucocephala, E. gilliesii, S. japonica and A. dealbata with respective FGP of 100%, 95%, 100% and 100%. However, an extended duration of pretreatment of 60 minutes was necessary for a maximal germination for R. pseudoacacia and B. populneus with FGP of 85% and 100%, respectively. A prolonged duration of 90 minutes of presowing was very fatal for L. leucocephala, A. dealbata and B. populneus. An excellent germinative strength is characterized by a higher FGP and a reduced MGT.
Variability of beech cupules in Serbia
Authors: Ivetić Vladan , Kerkez Ivona , Denić Ivan , Devetaković Jovana
Published: August 2018

Beech is the most important tree species in forests of Serbia. However, despite its significance, the taxonomic status of beech in Serbia is unclear. Morphology of the cupules can be successfully used to distinguish species and within species taxa. In this paper we report results on cupules morphology, measuring the same attributes reported by Mišić (1955): 1) Length of the longest valve of cupule, 2) Width of that valve (at widest point), 3) Distance between base of the longest valve and peduncle, 4) Length of cupule without peduncle, and 5) Length of peduncle. The length of cupule and peduncle length from 12 populations in Serbia are in the range reported for Fagus sylvaticain Serbia and western Eurasia. Results of cluster analysis shows a grouping of populations in two groups:1) the southeast group, and 2) group consist of populations from northwest, east and southeast of Serbia. Populations from this southeast group also consist the group of populations on altitude over 850 m, indicating presence of ecotypes. The exception is population from Stara Planina (1,520 m a.s.l.) which is grouped with populations from altitudes under 850 m.

Keywords: European Beech; cupules; variability
A EMENDA CONSTITUCIONAL N° 95/2016 E A VIOLAÇÃO DA IDEOLOGIA CONSTITUCIONALMENTE ADOTADA
Authors: Noce Umberto Abreu , Clark Giovani
Published: August 2018

O trabalho tem como  objetivo analisar a (in)constitucionalidade da Emenda Constitucional n° 95/2016, limitadora dos investimentos públicos da União por 20 (vinte)  anos, fixando o teto de aumento das despesas primárias em percentual, conforme a variação dos índices inflacionários verificados no ano anterior. A pesquisa é eminentemente documental, tendo como referencial teórico a ideologia constitucionalmente adotada desenvolvida pelo Professor Washington Peluso Albino de Souza, introdutor do Direito Econômico no Brasil, assim como   o seu método de investigação científica, ou seja, Analítico Substancial.
Pengaruh Pemeraman Eksplan Daun dengan Kolkisina Secara In Vitro terhadap Keberhasilan Pembentukan Terung Tetraploid
Authors: Nabihaty Fathin , Taryono Taryono , Wulandari Rani Agustina
Published: August 2018

Perbaikan tanaman untuk meningkatkan daya tawar terung dapat dilakukan melalui poliploidisasi. Pemberian kolkisina secara in vitro berpeluang meningkatkan efisiensi poliploidisasi. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemeraman eksplan daun dengan kolkisina secara in vitro terhadap keberhasilan poliploidisasi dan pembentukan terung tetraploid (4x), serta mendapatkan tetraploid berdasarkan ciri morfologi planlet dan jumlah kromosom. Tiga aras periode peram dengan 2,5 mM kolkisina (24, 48, dan 72 jam) dan satu perlakuan pemeraman tanpa kolkisina sebagai pembanding, diujicobakan pada lima jenis terung (Rimbang, Lokal Bantul, Pipit, Hijau Malang, dan Limao) menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Tahap utama yang dilalui eksplan yaitu pra-pemeraman, pemeraman dengan kolkisina, regenerasi, penggantian media tanam 1-6 kali, pengakaran, dan regenerasi ulang hingga 2 kali. Tata cara ini berhasil membentuk Terung Rimbang poliploid yang terdiri dari 2x+3x dan 3x+4x. Jumlah individu poliploid diperkirakan sebanyak 59%, sisanya 41% merupakan diploid. Planlet yang memiliki sel tetraploid sekaligus ploidinya tertinggi diperoleh dari pemeraman kolkisina selama 72 jam.
Tanggapan Dua Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine max L.) terhadap Empat Aras Salinitas
Authors: Ismail Mahmud , Yudono Prapto , Waluyo Sriyanto
Published: August 2018

Salinitas merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hampir semua pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai pada fase vegetatif dan generatif. Pengaruh salin pada berbagai varietas tanaman kedelai berbeda-beda tergantung pada tingkat kepekaan varietas tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian empat kadar salin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil dua varietas kedelai. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor (CRD Faktorial) faktor pertama adalah varietas kedelai Grobogan dan varietas kedelai Malika. Faktor kedua adalah kadar salinitas: N0= 0 dS/m, N1=1,17 dS/m, N2=2,34 dS/m, dan N3=3,51 dS/m. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak Duncan Multiple Range Test(DMRT) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua varietas kedelai mampu bertahan pada kadar salin 1,17 dS/m pengukuran variabel: tinggi tanaman, luas perakaran, luas daun, panjang akar pada varietas Malika, bobot segar daun, bobot kering daun, jumlah polong pertanaman dan jumlah biji pertanaman. Dua varietas kedelai menunjukkan penurunan hasil tertinggi pada pemberian kadar salin 3,51 dS/m. Penurunan hasil pada varietas kedelai Malika adalah 23% jumlah polong pertanaman, 31% jumlah biji pertanaman, 39% berat kering biji , dan 20% berat 100 biji. Sedangkan pada varietas Grobogan terjadi penurunan 18% jumlah polong pertanaman, 17% jumlah biji pertanaman, 26% berat kering biji , dan 11% berat 100 biji.
Postoperative Ultrasound, Unassisted Maturation, and Subsequent Primary Patency of Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Farrington Crystal A. , Robbin Michelle L. , Lee Timmy , Barker-Finkel Jill , Allon Michael
Published: August 2018

Background and objectives

Postoperative ultrasound is commonly used to assess arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation for hemodialysis, but its utility for predicting unassisted AVF maturation or primary AVF patency for hemodialysis has not been well defined. This study assessed the predictive value of postoperative AVF ultrasound measurements for these clinical AVF outcomes.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We queried a prospective vascular access database to identify 246 patients on catheter-dependent hemodialysis who underwent AVF creation between 2010 and 2016 and obtained a postoperative ultrasound within 90 days. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of clinical characteristics and postoperative ultrasound measurements with unassisted AVF maturation. A receiver operating characteristic curve estimated the predictive value of these factors for unassisted AVF maturation. Finally, multivariable survival analysis was used to identify factors associated with primary AVF patency in patients with unassisted AVF maturation.

Results

Unassisted AVF maturation occurred in 121 out of 246 patients (49%), assisted maturation in 55 patients (22%), and failure to mature in 70 patients (28%). Using multivariable logistic regression, unassisted AVF maturation was associated with AVF blood flow (odds ratio [OR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.18 to 1.45 per 100 ml/min increase; P<0.001), forearm location (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.08 to 1.78; P=0.21), presence of stenosis (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.88; P=0.02); AVF depth (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.00 per 1 mm increase; P=0.05), and AVF location interaction with depth (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.84; P=0.02). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, using all these factors, was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.89; P<0.001). Primary AVF patency in patients with unassisted maturation was associated only with AVF diameter (hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.94 per 1 mm increase; P=0.002).

Conclusions

Unassisted AVF maturation is predicted by AVF blood flow, location, depth, and stenosis. AVF patency after unassisted maturation is predicted only by the postoperative AVF diameter.
Associated meanings to body notion and feeding practices: A qualitative study with Chilean mothers / Significados asociados a la noción de cuerpo y las prácticas alimentarias: Un estudio cualitativo con madres chilenas
Authors: Godoy Berthet Carolina , Denegri Coria Marianela , Schnettler Morales Berta
Published: August 2018

Abstract This paper raises the relationship of meanings between the notion of body and feeding practices from the discourse of Chilean mothers of different income strata. Based on a qualitative methodology and a descriptive design, we investigated the patterns of food socialization promoted by the mothers within their homes, to visualize the meanings assigned to the notion of body. A total of 18 women between 31 and 53 years with three different income strata (low, medium and high) were interviewed individually, considering three thematic axes: strategies of food socialization in the family context, concerns about family eating habits and concerns about health care. Based on the analysis carried out, three major response categories were yielded: daily food practices, self-care behaviors and knowledge. Although these categories were found to be transversal in the three income strata, certain nuances were identified that point to the differences and similarities that underlie the meanings related to the notion of the body.ResumenEl presente trabajo aborda la relación de significados entre la noción de cuerpo y las prácticas alimentarias, a partir de los relatos de madres chilenas de diferentes estratos socioeconómicos. Con base en una metodología cualitativa y un diseño descriptivo, se indagó en las pautas de socialización alimentaria promovidas por las madres al interior del hogar, con la finalidad de poder visualizar los significados que le asignan a la noción de cuerpo. Participaron 18 mujeres de entre 31 y 53 años de edad, pertenecientes a tres diferentes estratos socioeconómicos: bajo, medio y alto. Las participantes fueron entrevistadas individualmente, considerando tres ejes temáticos: estrategias de socialización alimentaria en el contexto familiar, preocupaciones en torno a los hábitos alimentarios familiares y preocupaciones en cuanto al cuidado de la salud. A partir del análisis realizado fue posible establecer tres grandes categorías de respuesta: prácticas alimentarias cotidianas, acciones de autocuidado y conocimientos. Si bien se encontró que estas categorías fueron transversales en cuanto a los tres estratos socioeconómicos, se identificaron ciertos matices que apuntan a las diferencias y las semejanzas que subyacen a los significados relativos a la noción de cuerpo.
Design and construction of the Maternal Self-efficacy Scale for the Prevention of Excess Weight / Diseño y construcción de la Escala de Autoeficacia Materna para la Prevención del Exceso de Peso
Authors: Campos Rivera Nora Hemi , López Pérez Gabriel Bernardo , García Flores Raquel , Reyes Lagunes Lucina Isabel , García Hernández Claudia , Acosta Quiroz Christian Oswaldo
Published: August 2018

Abstract The objective of the present study was to design, validate and obtain the reliability of the Maternal Self-efficacy Scale for the Prevention of Overweight. From an exploratory research where the role of mothers in childhood obesity was studied, 25 items were written, after an assessment by a panel of judges. The validation was carried out twice with different samples. The first one were 400 mothers (Mage = 33.1, SD = 6.8) of children aged 3-6 years (M = 5.0, SD = 0.6) and 18 items were obtained, divided into four factors: Food, Programming, Solutions, and Prohibition, with a Cronbach's alpha (α) between .62 - .88 and omega (ω) coefficients of .76 - .94. The second validation was with 369 participants, 97% were mothers (Medad = 32.4, DS = 7.9) of children aged 3-6 years (M = 5.0, DS = 0.6) and 3% were grandmothers. The scale was one-dimensional composed by 11 items, with α = .90, ω = .92, and explaining 52% of the variance that evaluates the perceived self-efficacy in the prevention of body weight excess. The proposed scale showed to be suitable and, therefore, its use will promote a greater understanding of childhood obesity. Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue diseñar, validar y obtener la confiabilidad de la Escala de Autoeficacia Materna para la Prevención del Exceso de Peso. De un estudio exploratorio que indagó el papel de las madres en la obesidad infantil, fueron redactados 25 ítems, mismos que fueron evaluados por un panel de jueces. La validación de este instrumento se realizó con diferentes muestras. En la primera, participaron 400 madres (Medad  = 33.1, DS = 6.8) de hijos de 3 a 6 años (M= 5, DS= 0.6), y se obtuvieron 18 ítems, distribuidos en cuatro factores: Alimentación, Programación, Soluciones y Prohibición, con alpha de Cronbach (α) entre .62 y .88, y coeficiente omega (ω) de .76 a .94. En la segunda validación participaron 369 madres (Medad = 32.43, DS = 7.9) de hijos de 3 a 6 años (M= 5, DS= .65) y el 3% de abuelas. La escala fue unidimensional, compuesta por 11 reactivos con α = .90, ω = .92, y varianza explicada del 52% de la autoeficacia percibida para la prevención del exceso de peso. La escala propuesta mostró ser apta y, por tanto, su uso promoverá un mayor entendimiento de la obesidad infantil.
Assessment of body image in preschoolers: Perception of parents and children / Valoración de la imagen corporal en preescolares: Percepción de padres e hijos
Authors: Vazquez-Arevalo Rosalia , Rodríguez Nabor Alberto , López Aguilar Xochitl , Mancilla-Díaz Juan Manuel
Published: August 2018

Abstract The objective of this research was to determine the body perception (BP) of preschoolers and compare it with the one reported by their parents. A total of 48 preschoolers participated (Mage = 5 years, SD = 0.5), 21 boys, 27 girls, and their parents (47 fathers and 48 mothers). The children were weighed and measured, also they answered the instrument Seven Figures of Collins (SFC) and seven questions about food, beauty and health. The parents answered the Body Image Questionnaire, the Stunkard Figures, as well as the SFCs to identify the real (RF) and ideal figure(IF) of their children. When children described themselves, they mostly referred the normal figure, coinciding with their parents. A very small proportion of preschoolers perceived themselves with obesity (around 29-30%); while any parent identified their children with obesity. 50% of preschoolers chose thinner silhouettes than their body mass index (BMI), but not emaciated. For RF, most parents chose normal weight for boys and light overweight for girls; for IF parents chose, for both sexes, the one with light overweight. In conclusion, the preschool BP disagreed between reality and perception, regardless of their BMI and gender. The parents also did not have an adequate BP for their children. Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la percepción corporal (PC) de preescolares y compararla con la que sus padres tienen de ellos. Participaron 48 preescolares (Medad = 5 años, DE = 0.5), 21 niños y 27 niñas, y sus padres (47 papás y 48 mamás). Los niños fueron pesados y medidos, contestaron el instrumento Siete Figuras de Collins (SFC) y, con relación a éste, siete preguntas sobre alimentación, belleza y salud. A los padres se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal, las Figuras de Stunkard, además de las SFC para que identificaran la figura real (FR) e ideal (FI) de sus hijos. Para describirse, los preescolares refirieron mayormente la figura normopeso, coincidiendo con sus padres. Fue mínima la proporción de preescolares que se percibieron con obesidad (presente en 29-30%); mientras que ningún padre la identificó en sus hijos. El 50% de los preescolares eligió siluetas más delgadas a su índice de masa corporal (IMC), pero no emaciadas. Como FR, la mayoría de los padres eligió la normopeso para los niños y con sobrepeso ligero para las niñas; como FI eligieron, para ambos sexos, aquélla con sobrepeso ligero. En conclusión, la PC del preescolar discrepó entre la real y la percibida, independientemente de su IMC y sexo. Los padres tampoco tuvieron una adecuada PC de sus hijos.
Editorial
Authors: Cortés Moreno Assol
Published: August 2018

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Men’s Health: Time for a Policy Response
Authors: Baker Peter , Brown Anthony
Published: August 2018

This special launch issue of the International Journal of Men’s Social and Community Health (IJMSCH) focuses on the role of policy in the achievement of improved outcomes in the health and well-being of men and boys. As far as possible taking a global perspective, this issue. This issue sets out to analyze existing national men’s health policies and other areas of policy that impact on the health of men and boys. It also looks at the role of NGOs in improving men’s and boys’ health as well as other relevant issues.
Health and Social Policies for Australian Men and Boys with Intellectual and Developmental Disability: A Health and Wellbeing Double Jeopardy?
Authors: Wilson Nathan J. , Smidt Andy , Tehan Matilda
Published: August 2018

Intellectual disability is characterized by a combination of limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour originating during the developmental period, before the age of 18.1 Intellectual functioning refers to an individual’s capacity to learn, problem solve and reason; adaptive behaviour refers to the conceptual (e.g., language, money, time), social (e.g., interpersonal skills, social responsibility, ability to follow rules), and practical (e.g., personal care, travel, use of telephone) skills. Developmental disability is a term used to describe lifelong physical and/or cognitive disabilities and includes, but is not limited to, intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, autism, Down syndrome, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; in the USA) and fetal alcohol syndrome.2 As intellectual and developmental disabilities often co-occur, most health, educational and social professionals work with people who have both.
A IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UNIVERSIDADES CORPORATIVAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Dantas Mario Ribeiro
Published: August 2018

Dentro de um ambiente de elevada competição, as empresas buscam se organizar nosentido de acelerar ainda mais o processo de acúmulo e transmissão dos conhecimentosfundamentais às suas estratégias empresariais. Uma dessas formas, é a utilização demodelos organizacionais voltados para o aprendizado e auto desenvolvimento, visandoa redução e até a eliminação dos gap’s de competência identificados como fundamentaisde serem superados.Este trabalho apresenta questões relacionadas à implantação de modelos organizacionaisque contemplem mecanismos de aprendizagem, em especial, com o modelo deUniversidades Corporativas.Nestes modelos a educação e o desenvolvimento das pessoas fazem parte das estratégiasda organização, ao invés de serem um apêndice e buscarem o seu alinhamento com asestratégias organizacionais.Palavras Chave: Organização aprendiz, Gestão, Competências, Conhecimento.
Impactos da implantação de um Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade Baseado em Norma ISO na Cultura de Laboratório no Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia – INT
Authors: Moura Nilço Mauro da Silva , Costa Isabel De Sá , Salles Denise Medeiros Ribeiro
Published: August 2018

Este artigo descreve os efeitos da implantação da Norma ISO IEC ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025 na cultura de laboratórios do Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT) e analisa como esta implantação influencia seu modelo de gestão. Como modelo analítico, foi utilizado o Modelo de Ação Cultural Brasileiro formulado por Barros e Prates (1996). O modelo refletiu toda a sua complexidade nas quatro posições definidas: concentração de poder; postura de espectador; personalista; evitar conflito. O foco principal do estudo foi a influência da cultura organizacional no favorecimento ou prejuízo da implantação e manutenção da Norma, bem como suas consequências nos resultados finais;  a pesquisa de campo confirmou a importância das relações entre o gestor e a alta direção e entre o gestor e a sua equipe nesse esforço. Foi utilizada pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa e estratégia de estudo de caso, utilizando-se entrevistas, documentos e observações diretas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram profissionais responsáveis por laboratórios acreditados no INT, com mais de dez anos de experiência na gestão de laboratórios e participantes da implantação da Norma ISO 17025. Palavras-chave: Gestão da Qualidade; Norma ISO 17025; Cultura de Laboratório; Relações Humanas
USE OF FRYING OIL BIODIESEL IN BRAZIL - FINDING OF B5 TESTS ON A CAPTIVE LORRY FLEET
Authors: Murta Aurelio Lamare Soares , Ribeiro Suzana Kahn
Published: August 2018

This paper demonstrates the production and distribution system of biodiesel made from left-over frying oil in Brazil, as well as the behaviour of this fuel in the cargo shipment system, based on the tests conducted through two hospital garbage collection vehicles in the City of Rio de Janeiro.  These vehicles were monitored on a daily basis, one of them fuelled by a blend of frying oil biodiesel at 5% and the other with 100% mineral diesel, as a benchmark.  Through this monitoring campaign, information was collected on consumption, performance and drivability, as well as mechanical anomalies and wear and tear.  The fuel injection systems were tested and sealed by their manufacturer, Bosch, before the tests began and were then returned for analysis and final testing.  A similar procedure took place at the Technology Research Institute (IPT) with the motor of the vehicle using the B5 mixture.
ANÁLISE DE DESEMPENHO DAS ATIVIDADES DE REVESTIMENTO E CIMENTAÇÃO DE POÇOS MARÍTIMOS ATRAVÉS DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE INDICADORES DA QUALIDADE: UM ESTUDO DE MÚLTIPLOS CASOS
Authors: Heberle Déborah Schirmer , Monteiro Marcio Cardozo
Published: August 2018

A indústria do petróleo e gás natural movimenta, anualmente, milhões de dólares no mundo todo. Composto por atividades de altos riscos e criticidade, esse mercado requer cada vez maior controle sobre seus processos e impactos. Entre os processos envolvidos na construção de poços petrolíferos, a atividade de Revestimento e Cimentação apresenta-se como uma das mais críticas tanto financeira quanto operacionalmente. A Petrobras, umas das maiores empresas do mundo nessa indústria, optou por desenvolver e consolidar uma sistemática para análise de seu desempenho relacionado ao processo de revestimento e cimentação de poços de petróleo. Este artigo apresenta um estudo de múltiplos casos aplicado à Petrobras no intuito de verificar a evolução dessas atividades, principalmente, no que diz respeito aos seus prestadores de serviços. A partir da criação de uma sistemática de avaliação baseada em indicadores da qualidade, foi possível identificar o avanço positivo dos trabalhos realizados em relação a premissas de projeto e de segurança operacional.
EVIDENCIAÇÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DE EMPRESAS BAIANAS: UMA ANÁLISE NA WEB 2.0 À LUZ DA TEORIA DA LEGITIMIDADE
Authors: Gomes Sonia Maria Da Silva , Oliveira Nverson Da Cruz , DA CRUZ THAYSE SANTOS , Oliveira Neylane Dos SANTOS
Published: August 2018

Este estudo teve o propósito de verificar o nível de divulgação de informações de natureza socioambiental das empresas baianas através das redes sociais no ano de 2012. Utilizou-se para tanto, os Bancos de Dados da Junta Comercial do Estado da Bahia (JUCEB) e da Federação das Indústrias do Estado da Bahia (FIEB) para levantar as organizações empresariais sediadas no estado da Bahia. A amostra foi composta por 256 empresas que implantaram o SGA e/ou práticas de sustentabilidade. Os dados foram coletados com base nas postagens das empresas nas redes sociais, mais especificamente, o Facebook, Orkut e Twitter no período de Setembro de 2011 a Agosto de 2012. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo como técnica para identificar as informações socioambientais. O ranking das empresas que mais divulgam informações socioambientais na web 2.0 é liderado por empresas industriais. Os resultados encontrados se coadunam com os pressupostos da teoria da legitimidade. Sugere-se que pesquisas futuras investiguem se o volume em percentual de postagens em redes sociais relacionadas à problemática socioambiental cresceu em relação ao encontrado por esta pesquisa. Além disso, recomenda-se a investigação da percepção dos gestores quanto ao impacto da utilização das redes sociais para divulgação das ações socioambientais.
A Importância do Planejamento Estratégico nas Seguradoras
Authors: Estrella Daniela Leite
Published: August 2018

O setor de seguros no Brasil vem apresentando um crescimento significativo nesses últimos anos despertando o interesse de empresas estrangeiras nesse mercado e consequentemente elevando o aumento da competição.  Diante deste cenário, torna-se de suma importância para a perenidade, o desenvolvimento e o crescimento de qualquer organização, a utilização de uma ferramenta denominada Planejamento Estratégico. Esta ferramenta representa um diferencial competitivo dando suporte para o direcionamento e a tomada de decisão da alta administração da organização. Com isso, a presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de ressaltar a importância do planejamento estratégico na gestão das organizações. Para isto foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica das principais publicações e autores que são tidos como referências no segmento. Além disso, por meio de um Plano Amostral por Conveniência foi realizada uma pesquisa por amostragem, através de questionário, enviado via e-mail, para profissionais do segmento de seguros.  Nessa pesquisa, buscou-se verificar se existe uma área responsável pelo planejamento estratégico nas seguradoras brasileiras; conhecer características e a estrutura dessa área e analisar o conhecimento dos empregados em relação aos objetivos, metas e estratégias definidas pela empresa. Após a compilação dos dados obtidos, verificou-se que o planejamento estratégico é de extrema importância para as seguradoras brasileiras, e que seus funcionários possuem conhecimento das estratégias definidas por sua organização, além de conhecer um pouco da estrutura da área. Por fim, conclui-se que o planejamento estratégico, se bem aplicado, pode tornar a gestão empresarial mais competitiva, atuando como um instrumento de comunicação, de acompanhamento e principalmente de promoção do aprendizado nas organizações. Palavras-Chave: Competitividade, Planejamento Estratégico, Seguradoras Brasileiras.
Avaliação dos Benefícios Ambientais da Captação de Gases do Efeito Estufa (GEEs) de Aterros de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos
Authors: Martins Anna Paula Soares Ribeiro , De Lima Sania Maria , Miraglia Simone Georges El Khouri
Published: August 2018

Os aterros em que são depositados os resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSUs) são uma das causas do aumento das emissões de gases do efeito estufa (GEEs). O gás de aterro é composto, principalmente, por CH4 (metano) e CO2 (biogás). A captação e utilização do gás produzido em aterros é uma opção interessante para a redução da emissão dos gases causadores do efeito estufa. O hidrogênio pode ser produzido a partir da reforma do biogás proveniente de RSU e usado para geração de energia elétrica. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo é avaliar o potencial de transformar CH4 e CO2 para produção do gás hidrogênio e gerar energia elétrica em células combustível. Baseando-se no volume de resíduos recebidos pelo aterro Morro do Céu (Niterói/RJ) e assumindo parâmetros relacionados com a pluviometria média do local e a composição dos resíduos depositados é possível estimar a produção de gás metano utilizando-se o software LandGEM, desenvolvido pela EPA. O potencial de produção de energia elétrica foi calculado usando uma correlação entre o número de habitantes da cidade e sua capacidade estimada de produzir resíduos. A cidade de Niterói tem a capacidade de produzir cerca de 16 MWh/ano. A captura de biogás no aterro evitaria a emissão de 425.000 toneladas de metano em 21 anos. Portanto, a captação de GEEs traz vantagens ambientais.
PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO NA LOGÍSTICA: Etapas e Estratégias para a Implementação
Authors: Gomes Mairi Catiane , Miranda Mari Camila , Carraro Isaias Ricardo , Furlan Juliana
Published: August 2018

O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi entender, gerenciar e aplicar o planejamento estratégico, verificando os melhores métodos, etapas e estratégias para a implementação, contribuindo de forma eficaz com a administração das empresas. Para atingir esse objetivo foi feito uma pesquisa básica, com caráter exploratório, que exigiu uma série de informações sobre o assunto, foi explicado sobre a importância do planejamento estratégico em uma organização, tendo como procedimentos a pesquisa bibliográfica,  investigações sobre teorias já analisadas e publicadas.  Com isso pode-se dizer que o planejamento estratégico é uma poderosa ferramenta para a sobrevivência dos negócios, onde é possível antever o futuro da empresa perante o mercado, obrigando o alinhamento dos valores com a missão da empresa.
Sustentabilidade empresarial por meio do Sistema de Gestão Integrada (SGI)
Authors: Stefano Nara Medianeira , Laux Raul Otto
Published: August 2018

O Sistema de Gestão Integrada (SGI) que é uma ferramenta de grande importância para essas empresas. Assim, podem-se destacar diferentes abordagens de SGI, tais como ISO 9001 e ISO 14001. A utilização integrada dessas abordagens tem aumentado nos últimos tempos de aumento, isso devido a suas compatibilidades. Porém, a implantação do SGI é um projeto longo, que se depara com diversos tipos de problemas. O conhecimento prévio dos possíveis problemas pode ser de fundamental importância para se tomar ações preventivas ou mesmo para se adotar procedimentos mais adequados. Este artigo descreve a utilização de SGI para a melhoria dos processos, produtos/serviços nas organizações. No entanto, a fim de criar vantagens competitivas para a organização e contribuir para um desenvolvimento sustentável. Dessa forma, o SGI tem de ser expandido para incluir toda a cadeia de produtos e todas as partes interessadas.
O IMPACTO DA CARGA TRIBUTÁRIA BRASILEIRA E O EFEITO DO SIMPLES NACIONAL EM MICROEMPRESAS E EMPRESAS DE PEQUENO PORTE
Authors: Pitta Bárbara Barreto , Méxas Mirian Picinini , Pereira Gabriella Velloso Castro
Published: August 2018

Levando em consideração a importância das Micro e Pequenas Empresas para a economia do país, o presente trabalho procurou expor os efeitos que a adoção do regime tributário Simples Nacional trouxe a essas organizações. A princípio, para atingir o objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura a respeito dos critérios de enquadramento no que tange ao porte da empresa e, após isso, as implicações para o enquadramento no Simples Nacional, além de destacar as vantagens e desvantagens do regime tributário em questão e, por fim, relacionando o peso da carga tributária à capacidade de competir no mercado. Seguidamente, foi elaborado um estudo de caso múltiplo em quatro escritórios de contabilidade, onde foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas fechadas e abertas a fim de constatar se de fato o Simples Nacional amenizou o impacto causado pela alta carga tributária brasileira nas Micro e Pequenas Empresas, oferecendo a essas empresas a chance de uma competição mais equiparada no mercado altamente competitivo. O resultado do presente estudo demonstra que apesar de possuir aspectos que necessitam evoluir e aprimorar, o regime Simples Nacional contribuiu para o crescimento das Micro e Pequenas Empresas no cenário econômico e trouxe à luz a necessidade que elas possuíam de um alívio da carga tributária. Assim sendo, almeja-se que essa pesquisa possa contribuir com novas discussões a respeito do papel do Simples Nacional como um regime beneficiador e facilitador para as Micro e Pequenas Empresas, a fim de ampliar esse conceito com o propósito de trazer melhorias para essas organizações.
Effect of salinity on sea ice motion
Authors: Li Bing-Ru , Wang Min-Min , Lu Xiu-Yang , Wan Zhan-Hong , He Song
Published: August 2018

We combined large eddy simulation (LES) with a thermodynamic slab ice model
to simulate and study the sea ice motion and frazil ice dynamics in the ocean
mixed layer in the Arctic winter. To show the accurate representation of
leads in models, fluxes distributed laterally beneath leads and sea ice need
to be parameterized. The 3-D LES model, which is developed from a 2-D
turbulence model, is used to model the convection of beneath leads and sea
ice. The experiments were then achived by combining the LES model with the
ice model. The concentration of frazil ice was modeled using the Omstedt and
Svensson model. The ice crystal radius and growth rates were assumed to be
constant and the temperature and salinity changes with depth were taken into
account. Salinity distribution and frazil ice concentration were influenced
by ice motion, and variations in ocean salinity during freezing and thawing
were also investigated. Entrained flow caused by the movement of sea ice has
a significant influence on the eddy. Sea ice roughness is also important in
the formation of the eddy current, and the values of the ice crystal rise
velocity and the ice concentration source term coefficient influence frazil
ice dynamics. The effects of sea ice thermodynamic dissipation on the sea is
more remarkable, affecting the heat transfer to the atmosphere. The brine
rejected during ice crystal formation and dilution of seawater are other
important mechanisms of marine cyclical shocks.
Steady-state solutions for particles undergoing Brownian coagulation and breakage by the TEMOM model
Authors: He Qing , Lin Jiang
Published: August 2018

When coagulation and breakage proceed simultaneously, a steady-state
distribution may exist due to the opposite effects on particle size. In
this paper, a moment model using Taylor-series expansion technology for
particles undergoing Brownian coagulation and equal size multiple breakage
is proposed, then the steady-state solutions of this model are obtained.
Investigation of the optimal treatment condition for flax rove in supercritical CO2
Authors: Zhang Juan , Wu Jin-Song , Jing Xian-Dong , Liu Zhao-Tie , Zheng Lai-Jiu
Published: August 2018

Three treatment parameters of supercritical CO2 have been optimized by a
response surface method using central composite design to obtain isolate
yield of flax rove. Influence of operating parameters including dosage of
cellulase, temperature, and pressure on final response is evaluated. The
results show that the experimental values are adequately fitted to a
quadratic polynomial equation. The optimal isolate yield is obtained with 2%
cellulase dosage under temperature of 50?C and pressure of 20 MPa.
Mathematical model is also applied to describe the kinetic behavior of the
treatment process, revealing that supercritical CO2 is a promising green
solvent for the scouring and bleaching of flax rove.
Analysis of solar seasonal storage in rural residences with Zhongyuan region as an example
Authors: Zheng Huifan , Wang Xingyu , Huang Chenxi , Chen Yinlong , Fan Xiaowei
Published: August 2018

A combined system of refrigeration and heating unit with seasonal solar
thermal storage was presented in this paper. Based on the climate character
of the Zhongyuan region, China, the system?s performance in rural residences
was studied. A computational program was established based on the DEST
software, the solar heat collecting capacity, heat collecting efficiency,
and other parameters were analyzed. The results showed that the system can
supply 76.28% heating load and 40.14% cooling load, when the total
collector surface area equals to 40 m2 and heat collecting temperature is 80?C.
The results will provide theoretical support for the system?s
optimization.
Aerodynamic and thermal environment of a gap under hypersonic flight
Authors: Huang Haiming , Guo Jin , Huang Guo
Published: August 2018

Accurate prediction of aerodynamic and thermal environment around a gap has a
significant effect on the development of spacecraft. The implicit finite
volume schemes are derived and programmed from Navier-Stokes equations.
Taking the gap between thermal insulation tiles as an example, a numerical
simulation is performed by the finite volume method to obtain the flow
characteristic in a gap and then to analyze the heat transfer mechanism. The
numerical results are consistent with the experimental ones, which prove the
precision of the method used in this paper. Furthermore, the numerical
results reveal that the heat convection plays a leading role in heat
transfer around a gap.
The barycentric rational interpolation collocation method for boundary value problems
Authors: Tian Dan , He Ji-Huan
Published: August 2018

Higher-order boundary value problems have been widely studied in thermal
science, though there are some analytical methods available for such
problems, the barycentric rational interpolation collocation method is
proved in this paper to be the most effective as shown in three examples.
Symmetry analysis of a (2+1)-D system
Authors: Wang Yan , Dong Zhong-Zhou
Published: August 2018

The classical Lie group method and the (2+1)-D generalized symmetry method in
vector analysis are adopted to find infinitesimal symmetries for a (2+1)-D
generalized Painleve Burgers system, and its various reduced systems are
obtained.
A novel solubility model in a supercritical CO2
Authors: Qian Yongfang , Li Na , Li Ya , Liu Yanping
Published: August 2018

This paper gives a semi-empirical formula for calculation of solubility of
dyestuff in a supercritical CO2 by dimensionless analysis, the obtained
scaling law reveals that the solubility depends mainly on pressure and
density of the supercritical CO2.