bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Struktur Anatomi Daun Phyllanthaceae di Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan
Authors: Wulansari Tri Yuni Indah , Dewi Asih Perwita
Published: April 2021

Abstrak Pengenalan ciri makhluk hidup dalam praktik identifikasi sebagian besar menggunakan ciri morfologi. Ciri anatomi memperkuat ciri morfologi atau menyelesaikan permasalahan kerancuan identifikasi secara morfologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter anatomi daun pada 11 spesies famili Phyllanthaceae yang ditemukan di wilayah eksplorasi Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pembuatan preparat paradermal dan transversal helai dan tangkai daun. Karakter yang diamati pada setiap preparat adalah karakter paradermal yaitu epidermis dan derivatnya, karakter transversal meliputi bentuk dan jumlah lapisan epidermis, mesofil, keberadaan kristal dan karakter khusus spesies serta bentuk berkas pengangkut pada tulang daun dan tangkai daun. Berdasarkan preparat paradermal daun diperoleh tipe daun hipostomatik dengan tipe stomata umumnya parasitik dan anomositik, dan ditemukan variasi tipe stomata anisositik pada Baccaurea nanihua dan Antidesma excavatum. Pada preparat transversal diperoleh tipe daun dorsiventral, bentuk epidermis dan jaringan tiang yang beragam. Pada organ tangkai daun, ditemukan empat tipe berkas pengangkut, yaitu bentuk lonjong dengan dua tambahan berkas pengangkut, bentuk dasar menyerupai ginjal, bentuk semi-lunar, dan bentuk lonjong dengan satu berkas pengangkut. Abstract Morphological characters are commonly used as a tool for plant identification. Anatomical characters can also be used as additional characters to provide strong descriptions of morphological characters and to resolve unclear identification of morphological characters. This study aims to identify leaf anatomical characters of 11 species of Phyllanthaceae family collected from the Banggai Kepulauan Regency. The characters are observed in each slide were paradermal characters, namely epidermis and its derivatives; transverse characters including the shape and number of epidermal layers, mesophyll, presence of crystals and species-specific characters as well as the shape of the vascular bundle on the midrib and petiole. The observation on paradermal section of lamina showed that all species have hypostomatic leaf, parasitic and anomocytic stomata types with variation of the anisocytic types were found in Baccaurea nanihua and Antidesma excavatum.Observation of the transverse section showed dorsiventral leaf types, size variation of upper epidermal cells as well as variations of palisade cells. The observation on transverse section of the petiole showed four types of vascular bundles in the petiole: oval shape along with two small separated vascular, the kidney – like shape, the semi-lunar shape and oval single vascular bundle.
Keanekaragaman Larva Ikan di Sekitar Muara Sungai Musi, Sumatra Selatan
Authors: Ridho Mohammad Rasyid , Patriono Enggar , Sarno Sarno , Yanti Dwi Riski , Mulyani Yenni Sri
Published: April 2021

Abstrak Estuari adalah salah satu habitat penting bagi ikan, namun terancam akibat peningkatan aktivitas manusia. Hal tersebut dapat memengaruhi keanekaragaman ikan di sekitarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan larva ikan di sekitar muara Sungai Musi Sumatra Selatan. Penelitian  ini menggunakan metode survei dengan cruise track design dan lintasan survei continuous parallel pada setiap stasiun secara swept area. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks keanekaragaman (H’) di muara Sungai Musi pada Maret 2019 sebesar 0,639 sedangkan pada Mei 2019 sebesar 1,253. Kelimpahan relatif pada Maret 2019 lebih tinggi daripada Mei 2019. Kelimpahan Relatif (Kr) pada Maret 2019 antara 0,69–84,61% dan pada Mei 2019 antara 0,21–58,77%. Kelimpahan larva ikan yang ditemukan pada Mei lebih tinggi, yaitu sebanyak 456 individu dari 10 famili. Pada Maret ditemukan lebih rendah, yaitu sebanyak 143 individu dari 6 famili. Ditemukan larva ikan dari famili Engraulidae, Belonidae, Osphronemidae, Nemipteridae, Gerreidae, dan Gobiidae pada Maret. Sedangkan pada Mei 2019, yaitu Nemipteridae, Engraulidae, Scatophagidae, Chandidae, Lobotidae, Terapoinidae, Belonidae, Osphronemidae, Chanidae, Clupeidae. Abstract Estuary is one of important habitat for fish, yet is threatened by an increase in human activities. Thus affecting the diversity of fish around it. This study aim to determine the diversity and abundance of fish larvae around the mouth of Musi River in South Sumatra. This study was conducted using survey method with Cruise Track Design and continuous parallel survey track by swept area at each station. The results showed that the diversity index (H ') at the mouth of the Musi River in March 2019 was 0.639 while in May 2019 was 1.253. Relative Abundance (Kr) in March 2019 between 0.69–84.61% and in May 2019 between 0.21–58.77%. Abundance of fish larvae in May was found higher at 456 individuals from 10 families. Whereas in March it was found to be lower as many as 143 individuals from 6 families. The relative abundance in March 2019 was lower than in May. Fish larvae from the Engraulidae, Belonidae, Osphronemidae, Nemipteridae, Gerreidae and Gobiidae families were found in March. Whereas in May 2019 were Nemipteridae, Engraulidae, Scatophagidae, Chandidae, Lobotidae, Terapoinidae, Belonidae, Osphronemidae, Chanidae, Clupeidae.
Notes on Amydrium zippelianum (Araceae): A Mesmerizing Species From East Malesia
Authors: Damayanto I Putu Gede P. , Sukmawati Jalma Giring , Fefirenta Agusdin Dharma , Erlinawati Ina
Published: April 2021

AbstrakAmydrium zippelianum (Araceae) dilaporkan dijumpai di Malesia mulai dari Sulawesi hingga Papua Nugini, namun kini sudah jarang dijumpai. Eksplorasi flora telah dilakukan untuk mengungkap keanekaragaman flora di Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan, sebuah kepulauan kecil di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mengumpulkan spesimen A. zippelianum. Eksplorasi flora dilakukan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data taksonomi, bertempat di Pulau Peleng dan Bakalan, Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan. Material tumbuhan dikoleksi untuk dijadikan spesimen herbarium dan disimpan di Herbarium Bogoriense (BO). Spesimen A. zippelianum yang disimpan di BO dan portal daring kemudian diamati. Sebagai tambahan, pengamatan spesimen herbarium juga dilakukan untuk memperkaya informasi tentang A. zippelianum di Malesia. Peta distribusi disediakan dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Terdapat satu spesimen fertil A. zippelianum yang dikoleksi di sekitar Hutan Kokolomboy, Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan. Di Malesia, A. zippelianum dapat ditemukan di dataran rendah hingga dataran tinggi pada ketinggian mencapai 2.200 mdpl dan sebagian besar ditemukan pada area hutan. Distribusi jenis ini di alam meliputi Sulawesi, Maluku, Papua Nugini, dan Filipina. Tumbuhan ini telah diintroduksi ke Jawa (Kebun Raya Bogor), Bali (Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali), dan Inggris (Royal Botanic Garden, Kew). AbstractAmydrium zippelianum (Araceae) was reportedly found in Malesia, from Sulawesi to Papua New Guinea, but it is rarely seen now. Flora exploration has been conducted to reveal flora diversity in Banggai Kepulauan Regency, a group of small islands in Central Sulawesi Province. This study was aimed to find and collect A. zippelianum specimen. Flora exploration was carried out by applying taxonomy data collecting method in Peleng and Bakalan islands, Banggai Kepulauan Regency. Plant materials were collected for herbarium specimens and deposited in Herbarium Bogoriense (BO). The specimens of A. zippelianum deposited in BO and online portal database were further examined. In addition, observations of herbarium specimens were also done to obtain more information about A. zippelianum in Malesia. A distribution map was provided and data were analyzed descriptively. One fertile specimen of A. zippelianum was successfully collected around Kokolomboy Forest, Banggai Kepulauan Regency. In Malesia, A. zippelianum can be found in lowlands to highlands at elevation up to 2,200 m asl and mostly in forest area. The distribution of this species in nature covers Sulawesi, Maluku, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines. This plant was introduced to Java (Bogor Botanic Garden), Bali (“Eka Karya” Bali Botanic Garden), and United Kingdom (Royal Botanic Garden, Kew).
Implementing Improvements: Opportunities to Integrate Quality Improvement and Implementation Science
Authors: Tyler Amy , Glasgow Russell E.
Published: April 2021

In hospitals, improvers and implementers use quality improvement science (QIS) and less frequently implementation research (IR) to improve health care and health outcomes. Narrowly defined quality improvement (QI) guided by QIS focuses on transforming systems of care to improve health care quality and delivery and IR focuses on developing approaches to close the gap between what is known (research findings) and what is practiced (by clinicians). However, QI regularly involves implementing evidence and IR consistently addresses organizational and setting-level factors. The disciplines share a common end goal, namely, to improve health outcomes, and work to understand and change the same actors in the same settings often encountering and addressing the same challenges. QIS has its origins in industry and IR in behavioral science and health services research. Despite overlap in purpose, the 2 sciences have evolved separately. Thought leaders in QIS and IR have argued the need for improved collaboration between the disciplines. The Veterans Health Administration’s Quality Enhancement Research Initiative has successfully employed QIS methods to implement evidence-based practices more rapidly into clinical practice, but similar formal collaborations between QIS and IR are not widespread in other health care systems. Acute care teams are well positioned to improve care delivery and implement the latest evidence. We provide an overview of QIS and IR; examine the key characteristics of QIS and IR, including strengths and limitations of each discipline; and present specific recommendations for integration and collaboration between the 2 approaches to improve the impact of QI and implementation efforts in the hospital setting.
National Inpatient Immunization Patterns: Variation in Practice and Policy Between Vaccine Types
Authors: Mihalek Alexandra J. , Russell Christopher J. , Hassan Amir , Yeh Mei Yu , Wu Susan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:

Many hospitalized children are underimmunized, yet little is known about current systems supporting inpatient vaccination. We aim to describe national pediatric inpatient immunization practices and determine if variation exists among adolescent, childhood, and influenza vaccines.

METHODS:

An electronic survey regarding hospital vaccination practices was sent to physician, nurse, and pharmacy leaders via the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings Network in spring 2019. Hospitals reported the presence of various practices to support inpatient vaccination stratified by vaccine type: tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis, meningococcal, human papillomavirus, childhood series, and influenza. One-way analysis of variance testing compared differences in numbers of practices and χ2 tests compared proportions of sites reporting each practice between vaccine types. Qualitative responses were evaluated via content analysis.

RESULTS:

Fifty-one of 103 eligible hospitals completed the survey (50%). Standardized policies existed in 92% of hospitals for influenza, 41% for childhood, and 29% for adolescent vaccines. Hospitals identified an average of 5.1 practices to deliver influenza vaccines, compared with 1.5 for childhood; 0.9 for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis; 0.7 for meningococcal; and 0.6 for human papillomavirus vaccines (P < .001). Standardized screening tools, visual prompts, standing orders, nurse- or pharmacy-driven screening or ordering, staff education, and quality improvement projects were reported more often for influenza vaccines than other vaccine types (P < .01 for all comparisons). Common barriers to delivery included communication difficulties, lack of systems optimization, and parent and provider discomfort with inpatient immunization.

CONCLUSIONS:

Existing hospital infrastructure supports influenza vaccine delivery over other vaccine types, potentially creating missed inpatient vaccination opportunities.
A Quality Improvement Approach to Decreasing Postdischarge Acute Care Reuse Among Children With Asthma
Authors: Bracken Adam E. , Fable Jacqueline M. , Lin Hilary , Schriefer Jan , Voter Karen , Philip Sherry , Solan Lauren G. , Davis Colleen , Shipley Laura Jean , Barker Erin , Roberts Anna , Angell Luke , Flannery Michael , Muoio Elise , Noble Marcy , Frey Sean M.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To reduce 7-day acute care reuse among children with asthma after discharge from an academic children’s hospital by standardizing the delivery of clinical care and patient education.

METHODS:

A diverse group of stakeholders from our tertiary care children’s hospital and local community agencies used quality improvement methods to implement a series of interventions within inpatient, emergency department (ED), and outpatient settings. These interventions were designed to improve admission, inpatient care, and discharge processes for children hospitalized because of asthma and included a focus on (1) resident education, (2) patient access to medication and asthma education, and (3) gaps in existing asthma clinical care pathways in the ED and ICU. The primary outcome was the rate of 7-day acute care reuse (combined hospital readmissions and ED revisits) after discharge from an index hospitalization for asthma, measured through a monthly review of electronic health record data and compared with a 6-month baseline period of reuse data.

RESULTS:

The mean 7-day reuse rate for asthma after discharge was 3.7% during the 6 months baseline period (n = 107) and 1.0% during the 15-month intervention period (n = 302). This included a shift in our median from 3.3% to 0% with an 8-month period of no 7-day reuse.

CONCLUSIONS:

An interprofessional quality improvement team successfully achieved and sustained a 73% reduction in mean 7-day asthma-related acute care reuse after discharge by standardizing provider training, care processes, and patient education.
Modernidad, cultura y vanguardia feminista: Concha Méndez, una adelantada a su tiempo (Madrid, 1898-México, 1986)
Authors: Acuña Esmeralda Broullón
Published: April 2021

Las investigaciones acerca de las obras y las trayectorias proseguidas por un heterogéneo grupo de intelectuales, escritoras y profesionales exiliadas a causa de la Guerra Civil española, nos han reportado la oportunidad postergada de conocer sus creaciones y comprender las condiciones que desarrollaron sus proyectos en aras de un ansiado progreso y modernidad en clave de equidad. Estas experiencias emancipadoras, individuales o colectivas de las organizaciones femeninas y feministas, reflejan a su vez el entusiasmo político y socio-cultural en la España del primer tercio del siglo XX. Sin embargo, sus aspiraciones se vieron cercenadas tras la contienda y relegadas en el exilio a la sombra de sus conyugues, familiares o compañeros en cuanto a destacadas figuras de la política, la cultura y distintas ramas del conocimiento. En este contexto, abordamos la trayectoria personal y, por ende, política, de Concha Méndez: poeta, escritora, editora y divulgadora cultural en España y en América, que junto a Manuel Altolaguirre consagró su tiempo y dedicación a la difusión de su grupo intelectual.
Feminismo, vegetarianismo e antivivisseccionismo em Maria Lacerda de Moura
Authors: Lessa Patrícia , Maia Claudia
Published: April 2021

A História das mulheres tem evidenciado as múltiplas experiências das mesmas, no passado, e o caráter plural e multifacetado de suas lutas. No final do século XIX e início do XX, as mulheres, feministas ou não, aderiram a diferentes pautas que iam além da reivindicação por direitos femininos, tais como o republicanismo e o abolicionismo.  A empatia pelos animais não humanos, vítimas de experimentos científicos e usados como cobaias pela indústria, nesse período, também levou muitas delas a se tornarem vegetarianas e aderirem à luta antivivisseccionista; no Brasil, a intelectual feminista e anarquista Maria Lacerda de Moura foi uma dessas mulheres. Nesse artigo buscamos entender suas posições e sua relação com essas lutas, a partir da análise da sua obra “Civilização Tronco de Escravos”, publicada em 1931.
A “nova” escrita contemporânea de/para mulheres:
Authors: Soares Ana Carolina Eiras Coelho
Published: April 2021

Esse trabalho se interessa em investigar e identificar as lógicas de sensibilidades e identificações que, em certa medida, explicam o sucesso dos romances “chick-lit/soft porn”, que invadiram o mercado editorial brasileiro a partir do final do século XX até os dias atuais.  Essa literatura, feita por mulheres e voltada para o público-alvo de leitoras, inundam as prateleiras físicas/virtuais das livrarias com histórias repletas de relacionamentos sexuais e amorosos, muitas vezes descritos em profusos detalhes cênicos. Essa pesquisa usa a categoria mercantil best-seller para pensar no critério de vendagens acima das médias de leitura regulares da sociedade. O foco de análise centrou-se na ideia de que tal literatura best-seller “chick-lit/soft porn” é produtora e reprodutora de alguns discursos sobre as relações dos poderes entre os gêneros algumas formas de vivências de sexualidades possíveis. Dessa maneira, as representações textuais e simbólicas naturalizadas dessa literatura incorporam, nos dias atuais, uma fonte autorizada de consumo de narrativas sobre erotismo, prazer e amor para as mulheres.
Memória em disputa
Authors: E Silva Rebecca Corrêa
Published: April 2021

O artigo apresenta parte dos resultados da tese de doutorado sobre os quarenta anos (1949-1989) da trajetória da pintora Inah D´Ávila Costa (1915-1998). Apesar de sua relevância na constituição do sistema das artes da cidade de Pelotas (RS), ela obteve seu reconhecimento tardiamente e continuou invisível por muito tempo. A partir de dois marcos importantes em sua carreira como artista e como professora, iremos discutir o peso do gênero enquanto categoria analítica na crítica feminista da história das mulheres artistas no Brasil.
Medición del gasto energético real por usar un producto comercial para ejercitarse en el hogar
Authors: Montoya Arroyo Jhonny Alberto , Ramírez Cambronero Jimena , Aragón Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: April 2021

La evidencia sobre la importancia de ejercitarse regularmente es abrumadora. Muchas personas, conscientes de ello, recurren a las soluciones simples y atractivas que se les venden por televisión. Lamentablemente, muchos países no tienen reglamentación estricta para la valoración de las afirmaciones que hacen los productos comerciales; más aún, los requisitos para la evaluación científica de los productos relacionados con el ejercicio parecieran no existir. Cada vez que una persona compra un equipo para ejercitarse y poco después decide renunciar al ejercicio por la falta de resultados positivos, se da un paso hacia atrás en la salud pública. El propósito de este estudio fue medir el gasto energético inducido por utilizar un artículo comercialmente disponible para ejercitarse en casa y contrastarla con su publicidad. Se utilizaron distintos métodos de campo y laboratorio para medir el gasto energético de 27 estudiantes jóvenes, aparentemente saludables (15F, 12M; 19,1±1,0 años; 1,647±0,073 m; 63,09±10,13 kg; media±DE.) mientras descansaban en posición decúbito supino durante diez minutos y mientras utilizaban la máquina para ejercitarse 10 minutos a intensidad intermedia. Ninguno de los métodos utilizados registró un gasto energético bruto superior a 272 kJ (65 kcal) en 10 min de actividad; el consumo de oxígeno durante el esfuerzo fue equivalente a 1,54±0,23 METs, que corresponden a 23,4±9,2 kJ (5,6±2,2 kcal) de gasto neto o 70,3±11,7 kJ (16,8±2,8 kcal) de gasto bruto. En contraste, el gasto energético bruto reportado en el comercial del producto es de 277 kcal (1159 kJ) para 10 min. En conclusión, el gasto energético neto real es 1/50 (dos centésimas) del gasto energético presentado en la publicidad.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DISPERSION OF THE ACTUAL LINK SIZES ON THE TRANSMISSION FUNCTION OF THE MECHANISM OF ROD SEMI-AUTOMATICS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Bazuev Mikhail , Koksharov Vitaly ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Naichuk Alexey ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: April 2021

In this work, the analysis of real deviations from the nominal dimensions links, and their cumulative effect on the final movement of the chain linkage element rolling semiautomatic mechanism. The considered mechanism was converted to an equivalent one, consisting of lower translational and rotational kinematic pairs. In the course of the structural analysis, the mechanism was divided into Assur groups in order to simplify further kinematic calculations. The calculation was carried out sequentially for each of the structural groups separately. Based on this, a mathematical model of the kinematics of a rolling semiautomatic mechanism was developed, taking into account the real size of the links, that is, possible deviations of the links size from the nominal values for any combination of them. Using a specific example with the given installation dimensions of the mechanism, the transfer function of the output link (wedge) is built, and the range of its possible change is determined according to the specified dimensional tolerances. Combinations of link sizes for the boundaries of the range of change of the transfer function have been determined It is shown that with the tolerances indicated in accordance with the Unified system of tolerances and fits, the deviation of the position of the output link at the extreme position of the input link (pusher) can reach ±10 of that calculated by the nominal dimensions. This model can be used to solve the problems of optimal selection of tolerances and reduce the cost of manufacturing a product, based on the kinematic restrictions imposed on the functionality of the mechanism. The proposed approach to the construction and analysis of analytical mathematical models can be relevant for a wide variety of industries: machine tool building, engine building, weapons industry and aircraft building, especially where mechanisms are used that form long kinematic chains.
Problem-oriented and communication learning communities of teachers (based on materials from Russian and foreign research)
Authors: Markova Valeriya , Ioffe Andrey , Bychkova Liudmila
Published: April 2021

The article presents an analysis of the concept and characteristics of learning communities of teachers, as well as the experience of organizing the activities of various associations of teachers, described in Russian and foreign literature. As a result of theoretical research, the authors identified three models for the creation and development of learning communities of teachers: problem-oriented, communication and mixed. This is the scientific novelty of the work carried out. The practical significance of the study is due to the potential to use models in the design, creation and development of learning communities at the level of a separate school, city, region, etc.
It is noted that problem-oriented communities appear when there is a problem, the importance of solving which is recognized by all its participants. The main activities of such communities are Lesson Study and pedagogical supervision. Teachers meet to find a solution to a problem together, jointly develop a plan for the upcoming lesson and reflect on what has taken place. For the emergence of communication communities, the need for teachers to exchange experiences is necessary. Such associations are based on mutual learning and are organized as platforms for communication, offsite events, team competitions, mutual visits to classes, etc. Mixed communities have characteristics of both a problem-oriented and communication model.
The article provides examples of Russian and foreign learning communities of teachers, which can be attributed to one of the models. In Russian practice, considerable experience has been accumulated in organizing communication learning communities at the level of cities, regions, and the whole country: all kinds of projects, festivals, competitions in which both beginners and experienced teachers can freely participate. According to the authors, in Russia they are more common than problem-oriented learning communities. Nevertheless, the latter may be of great practical interest for the teaching staff of separate schools.
Scholarship on urban Africa’s water crisis narratives: the state of the art
Authors: DW Olivier  , C Vogel  , BFN Erasmus
Published: April 2021

Water crises present a global water governance challenge. To date, scholarship has tended to focus on technological and policy-based solutions, while ignoring the influence of narratives on public buy-in during such crises. Africa is expected to become hotter and drier in future, while its cities experience high levels of informal population growth and inequality. These factors combine to make African cities particularly vulnerable to times of water stress. The aim in this paper is to investigate the state of the ‘art’ on narratives framing domestic water use in African cities during periods of acute water stress and ‘crises’, using a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed academic journal articles. The findings revealed a small population of recently published papers that engage critically with state-generated narratives framing the crisis, limited to case studies on Cape Town and Windhoek. We recommend, however, a greater critical engagement with the anti-establishment narratives that can flourish during periods of acute water stress, and tend to be inflammatory and divisive in nature.
Impacto da pandemia do SARS-COV-2 na educação médica: migração "compulsória" para o modelo remoto, uma visão preliminar de gestores da educação médica
Authors: Quintanilha Luiz Fernando , Avena Katia de Miranda , Magalhães Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha , Andrade Bruno de Bezerril
Published: April 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 impactou os modelos educacionais ofertados nos cursos de Medicina. Nesse contexto, com a autorização para oferta de disciplinas remotamente, evidencia-se uma aceleração sem precedentes na migração do modelo presencial para ensino remoto, o que já vinha ocorrendo gradativamente no sistema de educação superior brasileiro. Devido ao isolamento social para enfrentamento da crise, este modelo está sendo aplicado integralmente em muitas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) do país, podendo repercutir em mudanças metodológicas na educação médica. OBJETIVOS: Discutir o impacto da pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 na educação médica, analisando a migração para o modelo remoto. MÉTODO: Baseado na experiência dos autores na gestão da educação médica, foi realizada uma reflexão a partir de reuniões gerenciais de duas IES privadas. RESULTADOS: O contexto de pandemia global promoveu impactos no ensino no âmbito do corpo discente, docente e IES. Os altos investimentos na migração do modelo de ensino e a alta taxa de evasão vêm repercutindo na suspensão de contratos de docentes de IES privadas. A desigualdade de acesso tecnológico, ambientes não propícios e a má qualidade da telefonia/internet no país podem impactar no desempenho acadêmico. CONCLUSÕES: É inegável que a educação médica está sendo profundamente transformada por essa crise global de saúde. Entretanto, ainda é cedo para afirmar com segurança o tamanho desse impacto. Futuramente, será necessário adaptar o conceito de Ensino Médico baseado em evidências para avaliar com clareza as repercussões práticas dessa pandemia no ensino da Medicina.
Televisión Española, testigo y actor de las relaciones del Gobierno Suárez con América Latina (1979-1981)
Authors: Herrero Izquierdo Jacobo
Published: April 2021

La normalización de las relaciones exteriores constituyó una cuestión capital desde el punto de vista del éxito de la transición democrática. Finalizado el proceso constituyente, el Gobierno de Adolfo Suárez buscaría el incremento de la presencia de España en América Latina como uno de los objetivos claves de la política exterior y como “tercera vía” alternativa a los complejos proyectos de europeización y americanización que barajaba la Unión de Centro Democrático (UCD). Este artículo analiza el papel desempeñado por Televisión Española dentro de ese intento de aproximación a las regiones latinoamericanas. La metodología empleada se basa en el estudio de los contenidos televisivos a través de las hemerotecas de El País, ABC y Diario 16. Los resultados demuestran que el medio audiovisual fomentó y legitimó el acercamiento hacia Latinoamérica gracias a una amplia cobertura de las nuevas relaciones diplomáticas entre España y los países de la región, así como a través de la retransmisión de los hitos más importantes que acontecieron en la región y que fueron objeto de interpretaciones diversas a consecuencia de la proximidad entre el Gobierno centrista y la pequeña pantalla.
Technology and specificity of surface seismic in the Upper Kama Potash Salt Deposit
Authors: Tsarev R. I. , Zhukov A. A. , Prigara A. M. , Shkuratskiy D. N.
Published: April 2021

Exploration surveys at the Upper Kama Potash Salt Deposit widely use the surface seismic method by the common reflection point at depth. Based on the implemented research, a technology is developed for shallow seismic using an explosion source of elastic vibrations for the purposes of geological exploration. The research involved the comparative analysis of the main elastic wave sources used in the shallow seismic. It is highlighted that it is important to consider carefully the near-surface section structure and the surface relief. The accuracy of the velocity analysis procedure in the high-velocity section of salt strata is analyzed. The specificity of acquisition in the shallow seismic with an explosion source is discussed. The actual test data show a considerable increment in the energy of reflections from the roof and floor of the salt strata, which, in the absence of a priori geological information and geophysical logging data (acoustic logging and vertical seismic profiling), affects the velocity analysis precision and, as a consequence, the accuracy of reflection identification at depth. It is found that the explosion source has a much higher signal/noise ratio as against a pulse cartridge, which greatly improves neutrality of interpretation results. The use of a pulse cartridge in the surveys in the depth interval of 200–400 m is only justified when the surface conditions are perfect and the low velocity layer is not thick.
Assessment of instability initiation in exposed salt rock roofs
Authors: Shkuratskiy D. N. , Chernopazov D. S. , Vaulina I. B.
Published: April 2021

Stability of rocks is the main requirement for the safe operation of mines. For this purpose, certain measures are applied for the protection and support of underground openings, including roof support design and roof arrangement in the most stable rocks. Stability assessment of underground excavations is largely related to their roof stability. Determination of possible instability conditions in mine roofs governs the choice of support system design and parameters of mine excavations. The Upper Kama Potash Salt Deposit represents a stratified layer of solid salt rocks. Roof instability develops as stratification and roof collapse. The Mohr–Coulomb criterion of coherent rocks is currently used to estimate parameters of a possible damage zone in the exposed roof. This criterion allows evaluating shear plane angles in roof rocks and, as a result, finding parameters of the possible collapse zone. The experience of mining operations in the Upper Kama deposit shows different failure conditions as against the Mohr–Coulomb criterion as the stress state is scarcely included in the criterion used. This study is an attempt to assess parameters of rock exposures by solving a Lame problem in terms of a single mine excavation. The analytical results were compared with the parameters obtained from the plane elasticity solutions by the finite element method. Based on the implemented studies, an engineering approach is developed for the assessment of anticipated instability parameters in exposed roofs in horizontal excavations driven in salt rocks.
Study of the composition and properties of the copper ore processing tailings of PJSC Gaysky Mining and Processing Plant
Authors: Babenko D. A. , Pashkevich M. A.
Published: April 2021

The article provides the results of studies to establish the environmental impact of the copper ore processing tailings storage facilities of PJSC Gaysky Mining and Processing Plant on the natural waters, as well as to estimate the value of the tailings if used as a technogenic raw material. The work was carried out using the results of the grainsize analysis and qualitative and quantitative assays of the copper ore processing tailings from the TSF of the concentrator, as well as the results of surface and ground water sampling in the area of the TSF. The grain-size analysis was carried out by the sieve method and used to classify the processing tailings into four size classes. The X-ray fluorescence analysis method was used to establish the composition of the tailings; the predominance of oxides of silicon, iron, sulfur, and aluminum was observed. Using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and an atomic absorption spectrometer, the total contents of heavy metals and toxic elements were measured, as well as the gold and silver grades. The results obtained indicate that operation of the copper ore processing tailings storage facilities is associated with the washout of both valuable and hazardous chemical components with the infiltration waters into the groundwater. All chemical studies and assays were carried out at the Scientific and Educational Center for Shared Use of the St. Petersburg Mining University and the laboratory of the Process Research Department of JSC Mekhanobr Engineering.
Use of titanium cassettes as a cathode on electrolytic cells of direct-flow type
Authors: Pochekutov V. A.
Published: April 2021

Since the main method of obtaining gold from thiourea solutions for gold mining plants operating on sorption technology is electrolysis with insoluble anodes, it is essential to ensure continuous operation of cells and reduce the number of unscheduled downtime associated with maintenance, cathode failure or troubleshooting. Electrolyzers with a developed surface are inferior in performance to direct-flow models due to the fact that for the former this figure decreases as the cathode deposit accumulates. However, during the operation of direct-flow electrolyzers, unplanned stops occur due to the dissolution of cathodes made of stainless steel mesh in thiourea solutions. In this case, the consumption and costs of purchasing the relevant elements are quite large. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the stainless steel cathode mesh with another material that can withstand the effects of acidic environment, high temperature and direct current for a long time not compromising reducing the performance of the cell. In addition, the cost should not exceed the stainless steel mesh from which the cathode is made, and the service life of such a cathode should be many times longer than the service life of cathodes made of mesh. It is shown that such material can be titanium of VT-1-0 grade made in the form of a perforated corrugated cassette. The operating parameters of the cell with a mesh cathode and using a corrugated perforated titanium cassette are given. The chemical compositions of commodity regenerates before electrolysis and solutions at the outlet of the process at the mesh cathode are shown. The description and drawing of the corrugated perforated titanium cassette are presented. The economic calculation and substantiation of the replacement of the cathode from the stainless steel mesh with the corrugated perforated titanium cassette are performed. The cost of the stainless steel mesh used for the fabrication of the mesh cathode and the titanium sheet for the perforated cassette were analyzed. The use of corrugated perforated titanium cassette on the direct-flow cell allowed to ensure its continuous operation, increase the amount of deposited cathode sludge due to the lack of unscheduled shutdowns to replace the dissolved cathodes.
Ranking of metallic and non-metallic coatings in the electrochemical surface treatment sector
Authors: Vinokurov E. G. , Burukhina T. F. , Kuroshev I. S.
Published: April 2021

The distribution of coatings by the frequency of their application during surface treatment by electrochemical methods is considered. This is important not only for understanding the structure of the electrochemical surface treatment sector, but also for identifying priority areas of scientific and technical research. Nonparametric statistical methods show the uniformity of samples and reveal the relationship between the number of enterprises that sell a certain type of coating, i.e. the frequency of applying a certain type of coating in different countries (USA, Japan, Italy, France, Germany, Great Britain, Spain, Canada, Mexico, Russia, South Africa). The results of testing the hypothesis of a close relationship between the ranks of coatings showed that a significant correlation was found between the distribution of coatings by the frequency of their application (implementation) among all countries. For example, when comparing the United States and Canada, the rank correlation coefficient is 0.62 (the lowest value obtained), which is greater than the calculated critical value of 0.56; when comparing Italy and Spain, the correlation coefficient takes the highest value of 0.97, which is greater than the critical value of 0.19. The results obtained allowed us to use this data to compile a generalized rating of the frequency of use of all coatings based on data from different countries. Based on the analysis, metal coatings can be arranged in a row according to the descending frequency of their application: Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Cd. The results of the ranking of coatings showed that the most commonly used electrochemical methods for surface treatment are metal coatings with chromium and nickel, and among the inorganic non – metallic coatings-oxide and then phosphate, which allows us to highlight the research devoted to the application of these coatings as priority areas of scientific and technical research.
Study of the hydrogenation effect on the structure and flattening of tubular samples of PT-7M titanium alloy
Authors: Khlybov A. A. , Ryabov D. A. , Pichkov C. N. , Shishulin D. N.
Published: April 2021

In this work, we analyze the effect of hydrogen embrittlement on the performance of PT-7M titanium alloy products. The above examples show that PT-7M titanium alloy products with a high hydrogen content are prone to cracking, the probability of their destruction increases. In the initial state, the samples were annealed in vacuum at 680 о. Hydrogenation of the samples was carried out by the diffusion method at room temperatures to concentrations of 0.002, 0.005 and 0.01 % (by mass) in a Siverts laboratory setup. The hydrogen content in the samples was determined on a highly sensitive G8 Galileo gas analyzer. To assess the effect of hydrogen embrittlement on the plastic properties and tendency to crack formation, the samples were tested for flattening. The structural state of the alloy was analyzed, which showed that hydride phases were observed to increase with increasing hydrogen concentration. The effect of structural changes in the alloy on the microhardness was studied. The X-ray diffraction analysis also showed the presence of hydride precipitates in the PT-7M alloy. Using the CAE ANSYS engineering complex, a numerical simulation of the stress-strain state of samples was carried out during a flattening test. The simulation results showed that the maximum stresses during flattening exceed the tensile strength. One of the reasons for the hydride phase precipitation is high stresses, which is also confirmed by the results of flattening tests and metallographic analysis: in local zones with an increased level of stresses in the material structure, a higher concentration of the TiHx hydride phase. Flattening tests also showed that the cause of cracking during flattening testing is the presence of brittle hydrides in the structure of the material: cracks are formed by the destruction of hydride phases. In the initial state and with a low hydrogen content (up to 0.002 mass %) no cracks were found in the samples. Thr research was conducted within the framework of the grant RNF No. 19-19-00332 "Development of scientifically substantiated approaches, hardware and software facilities for monitoring of damage of construction materials, based on the artificial intellect approaches to provide safe operation of technical objects in the Arctic conditions".
Bacterial vaginosis: evaluation of the effectiveness of simultaneous treatment of sexual partners
Authors: Okhlopkov V. A. , Barinov S. V. , Tirskaya Yu. I. , Babaeva Turan Shakhin kyzy , Sinelnikova L. B. , Terletskaya T. V.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common diseases affecting women of reproductive age. The main problem of BV is the low efficiency of traditional methods of treatment with a frequent recurrence of up to 50%.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 59 patients were examined and treated with the diagnosis of BV, which was confirmed in accordance with the Amsel criteria. The main group included women with BV and their male partners, whereas the compared group included only women with BV. All women were treated with systemic metronidazole and topical clindamycin, and suppositories with lactic acid were prescribed at the second stage. The men partners were treated systemically with metronidazole and topically with clindamycin.
RESULTS: Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, and Prevotella were the most commonly identified bacteria in the vaginal discharge. In men, BV-associated bacteria were found in the foreskin of the glans penis and distal urethra. The similarity of the microflora of the genital organs of women and their male partners was determined. In women with sexual partners who were treated 6 months after the therapy, the number of BV-associated bacteria was detected two or more times less frequently than in patients in the comparison group. For the men, the number of complaints and clinical symptoms significantly decreased after the treatment. Significant decreases in Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Prevotella spp., Leptotrichia amnionii, and Mobiluncus were achieved in the foreskin and Gardnerella in the urethra. In the main group of women, the frequency of BV recurrences recorded was 2.3 times less than that in the comparison group.
CONCLUSION: The treatment of partners of women with BV effectively reduces the growth of BV-associated bacteria and significantly decreases the frequency of recurrences.
Atypical keratoacanthoma: a case report
Authors: Snarskaya Elena S. , Shnakhova L. M. , Gomich D. A. , Vasileva K. D.
Published: April 2021

In this article we summarized etiopathogenesis and clinical data, presented classification and described diagnosis challenges. One of the most common epithelial tumors, keratoacanthoma (KA) is characterized by rapid growth, histopathological features of squamous cell skin cancer and spontaneous regression tendency. Differential diagnosis of typical and atypical KA can be challenging since an early stage atypical KA may present similar to typical KA. Immunomorphological and immunohistochemical methods are particularly relevant for detecting atypical KA, making it possible to reliably differentiate it from squamous cell skin cancer. Years of experience in the management of KA patients, as well as foreign researchers data, suggest that the treatment approach should be based on the differentiation of clinical features of a typical KA from an atypical one.This report describes a clinical case of a giant keratoacanthoma.
Photogallery of clinical cases presented at the international contest of Professor Marc Larregue 2020 (organized by Uriage Laboratory France)
Authors: Olisova Olga Yu.
Published: April 2021

In November 2020, an international contest for the best Professor Marc Larregue clinical photographs for dermatologists was organized by Uriage Laboratory France (https://collectionmarclarregue.fr). Dozens of doctors participated in this contest, and the jury consisted of leading experts. New clinical images submitted to the Professor Marc Larregues 2021 competition will be revealed soon. The detailed information and further instructions can be found on the official website https://collectionmarclarregue.fr. We will publish the winners photographs and the most interesting clinical cases with the permission of the contests organizers.
A comparative study of the effectiveness and safety of injectable combination therapy of keloid and hypertrophic scars with 5-fluorouracil and betamethasone
Authors: Ikonnikova Evgeniya V. , Kruglova Larisa S. , Manturova Nataliya E. , Petrii Marina A.
Published: April 2021

therapy for their reliable removal. Standard methods of treatment often give unpredictable results, are accompanied by various complications, and require the use of expensive equipment.
AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intralesional injection of a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and betamethasone for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 26 patients who were divided into two equal groups. Patients in group A received intralesional injections of betamethasone, and those in group B received 5-FU and betamethasone. Three injections were performed with an interval of 3 weeks. The scars were assessed at the beginning of the treatment, on the 3rd and 6th week during the treatment, and 4 and 16 weeks after the end of the treatment. The dynamics of scar condition was evaluated by the average decrease in the scar height and density, changes in subjective sensations, and the presence or absence of complications.
RESULTS: At 4 weeks after the end of the therapy, the total effectiveness of reducing the initial scar height was significantly higher in group B (10 patients; 76.9%) than in group A (6; 46.1%). In the comparison of long-term results at 16 weeks after treatment, 92.3% of the patients from group B and 53.8% of the patients from group A showed cessation of scar growth, flattening and softening, diminished itching and pain, smoothing of the scar contour, and a decrease in the color of the border between the scar and surrounding tissues.
CONCLUSIONS: The combination of betamethasone with 5-FU is safer and more effective than monotherapy with betamethasone or 5-FU in the treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars, with a faster and more pronounced decrease in the height and density of the scar, erythema, and subjective sensations. This mode of therapy is characterized by a low relapse rate with prolonged follow-up. The article is of interest to practicing cosmetologists, dermatologists, and plastic surgeons.