bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What’s All the Chatter? A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Emergency Physicians’ Tweets
Authors: Riddell Jeff , Brown Alisha , Robins Lynne , Nauman Rafae , Yang Jeanette , Jauregui Joshua
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Twitter is growing in popularity and influence among emergency physicians (EP), with over 2200 self-identified EP users. As Twitter’s popularity has increased among EPs so too has its influence. While there has been debate about the value of Twitter as an effective educational delivery tool, little attention has been paid to the nature of the conversation occurring on Twitter. We aim to describe how influential EPs use Twitter by characterizing the language, purpose, frequencies, content, and degree of engagement of their tweets.

Methods: We performed a mixed-methods analysis following a combined content analysis approach. We conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of a sample of tweets from the 61 most influential EPs on Twitter. We present descriptive tweet characteristics and noteworthy themes.

Results: We analyzed 1375 unique tweets from 57 unique users, representing 93% of the influential Twitter EPs. A majority of tweets (1104/1375, 80%) elicited some response in the form of retweets, likes, or replies, demonstrating community engagement. The qualitative analysis identified 15 distinct categories of tweets.

Conclusion: Influential EPs on Twitter were engaged in largely medical conversations in which most messages generated some form of interaction. They shared resources and opinions while also building social rapport in a community of practice. This data can help EPs make informed decisions about social media engagement.
Misunderstanding the Match: Do Students Create Rank Lists Based on True Preferences?
Authors: Schnapp Benjamin , Ulrich Kathleen , Hess Jamie , Kraut Aaron , Tillman David , Westergaard Mary
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The “stable marriage” algorithm underlying the National Residency Match Program (NRMP) has been shown to create optimal outcomes when students submit true preference lists. Previous research has shown students may allow external information to affect their rank lists.
The objective of this study was to determine whether medical students consistently make rank lists that reflect their true preferences.

Methods: A voluntary online survey was sent to third-year students at a single midwestern medical school. Students were given hypothetical scenarios that either should or should not affect their true residency preferences and rated the importance of six factors to their final rank list. The survey was edited by a group of education scholars and revised based on feedback from a pilot with current postgraduate year 1 residents.

Results: Of 175 students surveyed, 140 (80%) responded; 63% (88/140) reported that their “perceived competitiveness” would influence their rank list at least a “moderate amount. Of 135 students, 31 (23%) moved a program lower on their list if they learned they were ranked “low” by that program, while 6% (8/135) of respondents moved a program higher if they learned they were ranked “at the top of the list.” Participants responded similarly (κ = 0.71) when presented with scenarios asking what they would do vs what a classmate should do.

Conclusion: Students’ hypothetical rank lists did not consistently match their true residency preferences. These results may stem from a misunderstanding of the Match algorithm. Medical schools should consider augmenting explicit education related to the NRMP Match algorithm to ensure optimal outcomes for students.
How Well Do Core Faculty Understand The Emeregency Medicine Milestones?
Authors: Sorge Randy , Li-Sauerwine Simiao , Fernandez Jorge , Hern Gene
Published: January 2020

Introduction: It is unclear how emergency medicine (EM) programs educate core faculty about the use of milestones in competency-based evaluations. We conducted a national survey to profile how programs educate core faculty regarding their use and to assess core faculty’s understanding of the milestones.

Methods: Our survey tool was distributed over six months in 2017 via the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors (CORD) listserv. Responses, which were de-identified, were solicited from program directors (PDs), assistant/associate program directors (APDs), and core faculty. A single response from a program was considered sufficient.

Results: Our survey had a 69.7% response rate (n=140/201). 62.9% of programs reported educating core faculty about the EM Milestones via the distribution of physical or electronic media. Although 82.6% of respondents indicated that it was important for core faculty to understand how the EM Milestones are used in competency-based evaluations, respondents estimated that 48.6% of core faculty possess “fair or poor” understanding of the milestones. Furthermore, only 50.7% of respondents felt that the EM Milestones were a valuable tool.

Conclusion: These data suggest there is sub-optimal understanding of the EM Milestones among core faculty and disagreement as to whether the milestones are a valuable tool.
Impact of a Dedicated Teaching Attending Experience on a Required Emergency Medicine Clerkship
Authors: Guth Todd , Overbeck Michael , Roswell Kelley , Vu Tien , Williamson Kayla , Yi Yeonjoo , Hilty William , Druck Jeff
Published: January 2020

Introduction: One published strategy for improving educational experiences for medical students in the emergency department (ED) while maintaining patient care has been the implementation of dedicated teaching attending shifts. To leverage the advantages of the ED as an exceptional clinical educational environment and to address the challenges posed by the rapid pace and high volume of the ED, our institution developed a clerkship curriculum that incorporates a dedicated clinical educator role – the teaching attending – to deliver quality bedside teaching experiences for students in a required third-year clerkship. The purpose of this educational innovation was to determine whether a dedicated teaching attending experience on a third-year required emergency medicine (EM) clerkship would improve student-reported clinical teaching evaluations and student-reported satisfaction with the overall quality of the EM clerkship.

Methods: Using a five-point Likert-type scale (1 - poor to 5 - excellent), student-reported evaluation ratings and the numbers of graduating students matching into EM were trended for 10 years retrospectively from the inception of the clerkship for the graduating class of 2009 through and including the graduating class of 2019. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate whether the presence of a teaching attending during the EM clerkship improved student-reported evaluation ratings for the EM clerkship. We used sample proportion tests to assess the differences between top-box (4 or 5 rating) proportions between years when the teaching attending experience was present and when it was not.

Results: For clinical teaching quality, when the teaching attending is present the estimated odds of receiving a rating of 5 is 77.2 times greater (p <0.001) than when the teaching attending is not present and a rating of 4 is 27.5 times greater (p =0.0017). For overall clerkship quality, when the teaching attending is present, the estimated odds of receiving a rating of 5 is 13 times greater (p <0.001) and a rating of 4 is 5.2 times greater (p=0.0086) than when the teaching attending is not present.

Conclusion: The use of a dedicated teaching attending shift is a successful educational innovation for improving student self-reported evaluation items in a third-year required EM clerkship.
Exploring Action Items to Address Resident Mistreatment through an Educational Workshop
Authors: Griffith Max , Clery Michael , Humbert Butch , Joyce J. , Perry Marcia , Hemphill Robin , Santen Sally
Published: January 2020

Mistreatment of trainees is common in the clinical learning environment. Resident mistreatment is less frequently tracked than medical student mistreatment, but data suggest mistreatment remains prevalent at the resident level. To address resident mistreatment, the authors developed an Educational Advance to engage emergency medicine residents and faculty in understanding and improving their learning environment. The authors designed a small-group session with the following goals: 1) Develop a shared understanding of mistreatment and its magnitude; 2) Recognize the prevalence of resident mistreatment data and identify the most common types of mistreatment; 3) Relate study findings to personal or institutional experiences; and 4) Generate strategies for combating mistreatment and strengthening the clinical learning environment at their home institutions. Design was a combination of presentation, small group discussion, and facilitated discussion. Results were presented to participants from a previously administered survey of resident mistreatment. Public humiliation and sexist remarks were the most commonly reported forms. Faculty were the most frequent perpetrators, followed by residents and nurses. A majority of respondents who experienced mistreatment did not report the incident. Session participants were then asked to brainstorm strategies to combat mistreatment. Participants rated the session as effective in raising awareness about resident mistreatment and helping departments develop methods to improve the learning environment. Action items proposed by the group included coaching residents about how to respond to mistreatment, displaying signage in support of a positive learning environment, zero tolerance for mistreatment, clear instructions for reporting, and intentionality training to improve behavior.
Certifikace kyberbezpečnostních technologií
Authors: Vostoupal Jakub
Published: January 2020

Tento článek pojednává o certifikaci jako o jednom z nástrojů posuzování shody v oblasti technologií kybernetické bezpečnosti. V článku je vysvětlena problematika compliance a jejích výhod oproti obecnému odpovědnostnímu režimu, vysvětlena funkce posuzování shody a certifikace jak obecně, tak v kyberbezpečnostním prostředí, shrnutý stav současné úpravy certifikace kyberbezpečnostních technologií v ČR a EU a představení nadcházející úpravy jednotného evropského certifikačního rámce. V druhé části příspěvku autor představuje konkrétní certifikační systémy včetně institucionálního, organizačního a procesního zabezpečení. Pozornost je přitom zaměřena na systém Common Criteria a chystanou evropskou úpravu podle Aktu o kybernetické bezpečnosti. Pro úplnost jsou stručně rozebrány i vnitrostátní certifikační schémata z vybraných evropských států.
“O surdo é um sujeito visual, por isso é preciso usar materiais concretos nas aulas de matemática”: problematizações acerca da educação matemática para alunos surdos bilíngues
Authors: Carneiro Fernando Henrique Fogaça , Wanderer Fernanda
Published: January 2020

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com o propósito de examinar enunciados que constituem o discurso da educação matemática para alunos surdos bilíngues dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Como aportes teóricos utilizou-se o campo da Etnomatemática em seus entrecruzamentos com o pensamento de Michel Foucault. Os materiais escrutinados envolveram um conjunto de documentos de uma instituição de Porto Alegre, no Rio Grande do Sul, que oferece ensino bilíngue. A estratégia analítica utilizada para operar sobre esses materiais orientou-se pela análise do discurso, na perspectiva foucaultiana. O resultado dessa operação mostrou que na escola estudada circula um enunciado que diz: “o surdo é um sujeito visual, por isso é preciso usar materiais concretos nas aulas de matemática”. Pode-se verificar que o enunciado estudado se entrelaça com outros que circulam nos discursos contemporâneos da Educação de Surdos e da Educação Matemática, constituindo-se em uma verdade a respeito dos processos de ensinar matemática na forma de vida surda.
La escribanía luso-castellana de Isabel, primogénita de los Reyes Católicos
Authors: ÁVILA-SEOANE Nicolás
Published: January 2020

Estudio diplomático de los documentos intitulados por la infanta Isabel, hija mayor de los Reyes Católicos, princesa y luego reina de Portugal, conservados en el Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo, el Archivo General de Simancas, la Real Academia de la Historia y la Biblioteca Nacional de España; tras revisar el actual estado de las investigaciones sobre Paleografía y Diplomática en la Baja Edad Media portuguesa, se señalan para cada tipología las influencias achacables a una y otra cancillería, dando lugar en ocasiones a modelos híbridos en cuanto a soporte, escritura, lengua, formulario...

Diplomatic study of the documents signed by the infanta Isabel, eldest daughter of the Catholic Monarchs, princess and then queen of Portugal, preserved in the Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo, the Archivo General de Simancas, the Real Academia de la Historia and the Biblioteca Nacional de España. After reviewing the current state of research on Paleography and Diplomatics in the Portuguese Late Middle Ages, influences from both chancelleries for each typology are indicated, sometimes resulting in hybrid models with regard to their support, writing, language, form, etc.
Le vesti e la nudità del sovrano che si consegna al sepolcro. La monarchia di Sicilia e le strategie d'approccio alla cesura dell'evento morte
Authors: DI COSMO Antonio Pio
Published: January 2020

El documento analiza el papel desempeñado por los status symbols en el funeral de los reyes de Sicilia. Esta investigación aplica el conocimiento arqueológico, antropológico y histórico, para contar la acción de la corte siciliana, que resuelve las cuestiones sobre los problemas de representación del funeral real. De esta forma, se evalúan las estrategias de comunicación orientadas al timor reventiae, que configuran las costumbres funerarias de los soberanos de Sicilia. Por lo tanto, se abre un nuevo horizonte de investigación para la fenomenología del dolor.

This contribution analyses the role of status symbols during the burial of the kings of Sicily. This research applies archaeological, anthropological and historical knowledge. Information reported to the work of Sicilian sovereigns’ entourage, which solved those issues related to the problems in representing the royal funeral. In this way, communication strategies of the timor reverentiae, which shaped the funerary customs of Sicilian sovereigns, were studied. Therefore, a new horizon in the research regarding the phenome nology of grief has opened up.
Sancho de Paredes y los libros de la cámara de Isabel I de Castilla: una aproximación
Authors: MARTÍN BARBA José Julio
Published: January 2020

En la Casa de los reyes de Castilla, el oficio de camarero fue considerado uno de los más eminentes. El camarero tenía a su cargo el cuidado, organización y custodia de la cámara real con todas sus pertenencias. En la segunda parte reinado de Isabel I de Castilla desempeñó este oficio Sancho de Paredes junto a su esposa Isabel Cuello. Ambos realizaron con esmero su trabajo, como comprobamos en los libros de la cámara, su instrumento de trabajo. A la muerte de la reina, después de entregar todos los objetos que tenían a su cargo, recibieron de Juana I, la sucesora en el trono, la carta de finiquito.

Among the Household of the Castilian Kings, the trade of chamberlain was one of the most noted. The chamberlain was in charge of the care, organization and custody of the royal chamber and its belongings. During the reign of Isabel I of Castile, the chamberlain was Sancho de Paredes along with his wife Isabel Cuello. They both put a lot of effort into the job they were performing, as it can be appreciated in the chamber books, which were their work tool. With the death of the Catholic queen, after returning all the objects they were in charge of, the successor of the throne, the queen Juana, gave them the settlement.
Litteraturkritik, fankultur og affekt: Trump og Pynchons konspirationslæsere
Authors: Dalsgaard Inger H.
Published: January 2020

This article outlines the two cultures in the study of conspiracy culture, where social science disciplines provide one type of approach and cultural studies another. To make a claim for recovering the use of literature in the field, both to bridge the divide, if possible, and to suggest new critical directions for literary studies itself, the article offers a reading of two congruent conspiracy narrations, Donald Trump’s rhetoric and Thomas Pynchon’s novels. Both are examples of ambiguous narration, which may be taken at face value by one reader and invested with hidden significance by another, thus creating two closed-off epistemic bubbles – politically and critically. When critics have not been taking conspiracy fans, which could include esteemed literary figures like Pynchon, seriously, they have been guilty of closed reading. Fans themselves, though equally closed readers technically, offer avenues into affective and co-creative conspiracy readings which are, paradoxically, open to the reparative possibilities literature can have in a politically paranoid society.
Litteraturen og samfundet
Authors: Zirak-Schmidt David Hasberg
Published: January 2020

Anmeldelse af Knut Ove Eliassen og Anne Fastrup (red.): Europæisk litteratur 1500-1800. Bind 3: Samfundet. Fra hoffet til byen.Aarhus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2019
Tíscar Lara
Authors: Porta Laura , Córcoles César , Giménez Ferran
Published: January 2020

Tíscar Lara es la Vicedecana de Cultura Digital en la Escuela de Organización industrial (EOI). En esta entrevista nos hablará sobre el proyecto Mobile Learning de esta escuela, un proyecto innovador dentro del campo de la educación que se está desarrollando en dicha escuela y que comprende los dispositivos móviles como facilitadores de la expansión del aula en entornos digitales.
Tutorial de Fireworks CS4
Authors: Beneito Roser , de la Iglesia Guillermo
Published: January 2020

La presente Guía de aprendizaje tiene como objetivo adquirir el conocimiento del entorno de producción de Fireworks y sus múltiples alternativas de creación gráfica. Consta de una serie de tutoriales que incluyen explicaciones teóricas, ejemplos prácticos y consejos para que el estudiante aplique los conocimientos adquiridos a casos concretos y se familiarice con el proceso completo de producción en Fireworks.
EcomLab
Authors: Martorano Anna , Porta Laura , Casado Martínez Carlos
Published: January 2020

En 2009 la fundación ECOM crea el portal ECOMLAB.cat, una herramienta interactiva con la voluntad de sensibilizar a los jóvenes sobre la discapacidad y que está pensada para ser usada tanto en casa como en la escuela. Este año, el portal ha sido el ganador del premio a la interactividad Gran Laus.
Prevention of Delayed Recovery of Right Hemicolectomy in Patients with Ascending Colon Cancer
Authors: Sari Siti Noviana , Dahlia Debie
Published: January 2020

Objective: This paper aims to analyze perioperative nursing care given to patients with ascending colon cancer who had right hemicolectomy

Methods: Interventions provided in the form of perioperative education, deep breathing relaxation exercises, effective cough exercises, and early postoperative mobilization

Results: The results of the evaluation of the implementation of nursing showed the results of patients able to do post-operative exercises in according to education that has been given, the patient was satisfied, and there was no delay post-surgical recovery.

Conclusion: Operative education can be used to improve postoperative recovery in colon cancer patients. Some interventions can be made a protocol and applied to improve patient independence, reduce post-operative care days, and increase satisfaction for patients and families.

 

Keywords: Colon cancer; deep breathing; early mobilization; effective coughing; preoperative education
Analysis of Emotional Support Intervention on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient with Anxiety
Authors: Hikmatia Nurlita Dwi , Aryani Denissa Faradita
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study aimed to describe nursing care provided for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patient who was affected by anxiety with case study approach which conducted for five consecutive days

Methods: The emotional support intervention which was provided for 30-45 minutes in each of 5 days and evaluated by hemodynamic values monitoring, observation of patient's general condition, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) revealed the effectiveness of the intervention. The monitoring of hemodynamic values was performed prior to and following the intervention.

Results: The result suggested the stability of hemodynamic values within 5 days of intervention. There was no sign of bleeding, though the patient complained for cough and cold. The patient was still required to undergo blood transfusions due to low platelet counts. The patient reported that he felt more exuberant and seemed vigorous within those 5 days. The patient was also able to perform ADLs including eating, changing clothes, and praying independently on the bed, and seemed to be smiling all the time and remained a cheerful and sociable figure with his surroundings.

Conclusion: Anxiety level score using HADS was decreased to 7 with normal category.

Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL); anxiety; emotional support intervention.
Nursing Process of Enterocutaneous Fistula Patient with Severe Acute Malnutrition in Pediatric Surgical Ward
Authors: Rahmawati Sari , Waluyanti Fajar Tri
Published: January 2020

Objective: This case study aims to prove the effectiveness of nursing intervention, particularly management of nutrition, fluid and electrolyte, ostomy care, and risk for infection management, at managing enterocutaneous fistula patient with severe acute malnutrition in pediatric surgical ward.

Methods: This case study was performed by giving nursing care of enterocutaneous fistula patient with severe acute malnutrition for about 13 days based on the patient’s length of stay.

Results: The target for weight gain in malnourished children was ≥ 50 grams/kg/week. Within thirteen days, weight of the patient rose 450 grams from 4700 grams to 5150 grams. Patient’s weight gain target was 470 grams in 14 days, this condition showed that increase in body weight was quite appropriate. Fistula output was decreased day by day and feces that came out from from anus has better solid consistency than before.

Conclusion: Nutrition management aims to increase body weight during the preoperative period of the client. Hospital treatment managed to increase weight, the child did not experience vomiting and diarrhea from the first day of treatment, and appetite continued to increase every day. This is in accordance with the outcome criteria that has been established for the main problem of imbalanced nutrition: less than the body requirement. Furthermore, children are advised to get follow up care with regular weekly control obligations.

 

Keywords: child; enterocutaneous; fistula; malnutrition; nursing
Relaxation Techniques and Therapeutic Communication On Anxiety And Grieving Of Clients with Low Back Pain
Authors: Nurrakhmi Sulistia Intan , Mustikasari Mustikasari
Published: January 2020

Objective: Low back pain client may have an alteration in their job and had a grieving process with anxiety. Client who experienced it will feel anxiety with certain level and grieving with certain phases. This writing discuss about Mrs. RL’s case about low back pain with anxiety and grieving as psychosocial problems.

Methods: This case study aimed to evaluate nursing management given to patient with low back pain to pass grieving process and decrease their anxiety. Nursing management in grieving and anxiety was relaxation techniques and exploring feelings.

Results: The evaluation for nursing management was the resolved nursing problem either anxiety or grieving with the teaching interventions.

Conclusion: Application of the relaxation techniques with adjusted time for patients in daily living to keep patient’s psychosocial conditions can be performed by nurse.

Keywords: Anxiety; Grieving; Low Back Pain; Relaxation Technique
Traditional Music Therapy to Decrease Pain Perception on Elderly in Jakarta Elderly Social Institution
Authors: Marsyia Anisa Fitri , Widyatuti Widyatuti
Published: January 2020

Objective: Pain is a health problem that often occurs in the elderly with various precipitation factors. This study aims to analyze nursing care on elderly with acute pain through traditional music therapy at Jakarta Elderly Social Institution

Methods: Three older adults were given traditional music therapy intervention about twenty minutes each day within five weeks.

Results: The result of this study showed that the pain perception of clients decreased after intervention. It was showed by pain scale (Numerical Rating Scale), blood pressure and pulse decreasing.

 

Conclusion: Elderly Social Institution as a health service provider can apply traditional music therapy as a program in reducing acute pain on elderly.

 

Keywords: acute pain; elderly; traditional music therapy
The Relationship between Comfort with the Quality of Life of Cancer Patients
Authors: Widyastuti Diah , Nuraini Tuti
Published: January 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the correlation between comfort and quality of life in cancer patients.

 

Methods: The study was conducted on 95 respondents with consecutive sampling technique in cross sectional method. The data analysis used on this study is univariate and bivariate analysis that is test of correlation and mean differences.

 

Results:  This study showed there was a significant correlation between all aspects of comfort and the quality of life in cancer patients (p < 0.05; α = 0.05), higher discomfort in physical, psychospiritual, socio-cultural, financial, and environmental aspects cause worse quality of life. Stage of cancer is also known to be associated with quality of life (p = .002; α = 0.05), with the higher level stage showed the low quality of life.

 

Conclusion: The results are expected to be the evidence-based practice to improve nurse skill to provide comfort to cancer patients. Because the higher stage of cancer makes the quality of life lower, nurses need to optimize all aspects that can still be improved for a better quality of life of patients.

 

Key words:

Cancer patients, comfort, quality of life
Appraisal of Starch-bonded Briquettes Utilization among User-respondents in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: David-Sarogoro N.
Published: January 2020

The study appraised briquette users’ opinions on the apparent properties and environment friendliness of the briquettes bonded by 30% and 40% starch composited saw dust collected from Marine and Illoabuchi Sawmills in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Multistage sampling was used amongst 100 plantain (Bo-lae) roasters, meat barbecue (Suya), Garri (carbohydrate based food), and Akara (baked bean cake) respondents to elicit information on use of briquettes as an alternative source of energy on a 4-point Likert scale. The results showed that male user-respondents were 22 (88%) and 21 (84%) and female 3 (12%) from Marine and Illoabuchi sawmills, respectively. The 41-50 respondent age bracket were the most represented in both sawmills-Marine Base and Illoabuchi 12 (48%) and 11 (44%) respectively, followed by 31-40 (7: 28%) and 51-60 (4: 16%) in Illaboachi sawmill, while the 51-60 and 31-40 age groups were 6 (24%) and 5 (20%), respectively. Amongst the businesses run by respondents, users from Marine Base, plantain roasting was highest at 7 (28%), followed by fish barbecue and akara with 6 (24%), Suya had 5(20%), while at Illoabuchi, Suya grillers had 9 (36%), followed by plantain roasters 8 (32%). Garri stewards and Akara had the same 3 (12%). Environment friendliness and physical properties showed that briquettes smoked well with cut off Mark (M =3.04 and 3.80), smelled pleasantly (M=3.03 and 2.68), stuffy and choky smoke (M=0.4 and 1.00) and irritation of eyes had M=3.25 and 4.00 at Illaobuchi and Marine Base sawmills, respectively. Darkening pots, burning with dark smoke and being affected by water had their cut off marks at 1.33 and 1.40 (rejected), 2.63 and 2.50 (accepted) and 2.01 and 2.12 (rejected), portable, cheap and useful had M= 2.45 and 3.00, 3.60 and 3.60 and 3.40 and 3.09 from both mills respectively. This study recommends that briquetting of sawdust from sawmills be promoted via automation to maximize its utilization status.
Hybrid-modelling of Mechanical Properties and Thermo-mechanical Behaviour of Chopped Strand Mat Reinforced Thermoset Composites
Authors: Agbo Cornelius Ogbodo Anayo
Published: January 2020

The concern of this paper is to develop simple workshop application models for predicting the mechanical properties and the evaluation of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of chopped strand fibre-mat reinforced thermoset composites. A hybrid of empirical and strength of materials approach was used at macro- and micro-mechanics levels to model the random fibres which were treated as simple bars within the mat preform and the resulting composite material. The model was validated experimentally by testing wet lay-up produced samples with varying fibre volume fractions and they were found to agree well. The toughness modulus of the composite was also modeled using the secant modulus obtained from the sample’s stress – strain curves of uniform material composites produced at different temperature histories. The toughness modulus determined using the new model was compared with that obtained using the area under the same stress – strain curve computed by Simpson’s rule and the results agreed very well.
Tracking coefficients of a nonstationary system, followed by static nonlinearity jointly with the time delay
Authors: Pupeikis Rimantas
Published: January 2020

This paper considers a block‐oriented nonlinear Wiener system that consists of a linear block with real time‐varying unknown coefficients and pure time delay followed by a static invertible nonlinearity. Consideration is concentrated on the joint linear block coefficients and time delay tracking by processing observation samples. Two problems are analyzed. The first one is the avoidance of mean‐squares prediction error function multiextremality for time delay while seeking the global minimum. The other problem consists of the applicability of unified adaptive algorithms, based on the schema with corrective operators for the Wiener system. An approach used to transform the multiextremal criterion into a unimodal function for a nonstationary linear system, in respect of the time delay, is developed and analyzed for a block‐oriented nonlinear Wiener system with time‐varying coefficients and a time delay. The recursive parametric identification approach, based on the method of corrective operators, is developed for the nonstationary dynamic Wiener system. Applicability of algorithms is supported by various simulation tests solved by a computer.
Flexible Multi‐Material Fibers for Distributed Pressure and Temperature Sensing
Authors: Yu Li , Parker Steven , Xuan Haifeng , Zhang Yujing , Jiang Shan , Tousi Maryam , Manteghi Majid , Wang Anbo , Jia Xiaoting
Published: January 2020

With the recent development of wearable electronics and smart textiles, flexible sensor technology is gaining increasing attention. Compared to flexible film‐based sensors, multimaterial fiber‐based technology offers unique advantages due to the breathability, durability, wear resistance, and stretchability in fabric structures. Despite the significant progress made in the fabrication and application of fiber‐based sensors, none of the existing fiber technologies allow for fully distributed pressure or temperature sensing. Herein, the design and fabrication of thermally drawn multi‐material fibers that offer distributed temperature and pressure measurement capability is reported. Thermoplastic materials, thermoplastic elastomers, and metal electrodes are successfully co‐drawn in one fiber. The embedded electrodes inside the fibers form a parallel wire transmission line, and the local characteristic impedance is designed to change with the temperature or pressure. The electrical frequency domain reflectometry is used to interrogate the impedance change along the fiber and provides information with high spatial resolution. The two types of fibers reported in this manuscript have a pressure sensitivity of 4 kPa and a temperature sensitivity of 2 °C, respectively. This work can pave the road for development of functional fibers and textiles for pressure and temperature mapping.
Formation of a kind of heavy‐precipitation‐producing mesoscale vortex around the Sichuan Basin: An along‐track vorticity budget analysis
Authors: Feng Shuang‐Lei , Jin Shuang‐Long , Fu Shen‐Ming , Sun Jian‐Hua , Zhang Yuan‐Chun
Published: January 2020

This study investigates the formation of a type of mesoscale vortex around the Sichuan Basin (i.e., the southwest vortex [SWV]) that usually induces heavy precipitation, based on a semi‐idealized simulation of eight similar SWV‐formation events. After producing a reasonable SWV that shares salient features with the events used in composite, a trajectory analysis is conducted and an along‐track vorticity budget is constructed. The results show that approximately 64.7% of the air particles related to SWV formation originate from four source regions outside the vortex. The largest contribution of cyclonic vorticity associated with the SWV formation (approximately 67.7%) comes from the lower levels southwest of the vortex and is due mainly to tilting. The second‐largest contribution (approximately 19.4%) is made by air particles that originate from the upper levels south of the SWV and is also due mainly to tilting. By contrast, for the other two sources (the upper levels west and southwest of the vortex), the convergence‐related horizontal shrinking generally dominates their cyclonic‐vorticity production. Overall, along the tracks of the air particles, vertical motions and water‐vapor phase transitions affect the vorticity variation significantly via modulating divergence‐related vorticity production/dissipation (i.e., the stretching effect), and this is vital for the SWV formation.
Redox‐modulated colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid and alkaline phosphatase activity with gold nanoparticles
Authors: Lin Liping , Luo Yaxin , Chen Qiushuang , Lai Qingjiao , Zheng Qiaoling
Published: January 2020

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit characteristic absorption peaks in the ultraviolet visible region due to their special surface plasmon resonance effect. This characteristic absorption peak would change with the relative colour varying from wine red to orange‐yellow upon sequential addition of ascorbic acid (AA) into the mixture of AuNPs and Ag(I). Similar observations also could be found when the hydrolysis product of sodium l‐ascorbyl‐2‐phosphate with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was used as an alternative to AA. Results of structure characterization confirmed that the phenomena were due to the reduction of Ag(I) to Ag(0) on the surface of AuNPs and the formation of core‐shell AuNPs@Ag. Therefore, a colorimetric assay for rapid visual detection of AA and ALP based on redox‐modulated silver deposition on AuNPs has been proposed. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the absorbance variation ΔA522 nm/A370 nm of AuNPs was proportional to the concentration of AA (5–60 μmol/L) and ALP (3–18 U/L) with the corresponding detection limit of 2.44 μmol/L for AA and 0.52 U/L for ALP. The assay showed excellent selectivity towards AA and ALP. Moreover, the assay has been applied to detect AA and ALP activity in real samples with satisfying results.
Central nesfatin‐1 activates lipid mobilization in adipose tissue and fatty acid oxidation in muscle via the sympathetic nervous system
Authors: Liu Yuan , Chen Xi , Qu Yan , Song Limin , Lin Qian , Li Manwen , Su Kaizhen , Li Yanrun , Dong Jing
Published: January 2020

Little is known about the influence of central nesfatin‐1 on lipid metabolism under diabetic conditions. The main objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms by which central nesfatin‐1 regulates lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and whether the sympathetic nervous system is involved. Male Kunming mice were fed high‐fat diets (HFDs) and were treated twice with low‐dose STZ (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [IP]) to generate the T2DM model. Pharmacological adrenergic blockage (phentolamine 10 mg/kg, propranolol 0.017 mmol) and surgical denervation of sympathetic nervous system of the hindlimb and inguinal fat were used to block nerve conduction to determine whether the effect of central nesfatin‐1 required the hypothalamic‐sympathetic nervous system axis. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and insulin levels were measured. AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels in skeletal muscle and hormone‐sensitive lipase and adipose triglycerides lipase (HSL/ATGL) levels in white adipose tissue (WAT) were measured using western blot. mRNA expression of AMPK was measured. We found that there were significantly fewer NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 immunoreactive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) in T2DM mice. Central nesfatin‐1 administration decreased levels of plasma FFA significantly and activated AMPK to enhance fatty‐acid oxidation in skeletal muscle in T2DM mice. In addition, HSL and ATGL were significantly activated during triglyceride mobilization in WAT triggered by central nesfatin‐1 administration. Adrenergic blockade and morphological denervation of the sciatic and femoral nerves reduced these changes. Taken together, these data suggest that central nesfatin‐1 regulates peripheral lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes via the sympathetic nervous system.
Identifying business opportunities for sustainable development: Longitudinal and experimental evidence contributing to the field of sustainable entrepreneurship
Authors: Eller Fokko J. , Gielnik Michael M. , Wimmer Hendrik , Thölke Corinna , Holzapfel Sara , Tegtmeier Silke , Halberstadt Jantje
Published: January 2020

Which factors facilitate the identification of business opportunities for sustainable development? To answer this question, we develop a process model of sustainable opportunity identification. We argue that sustainable opportunity identification is a process with transitions from problem to solution identification and from solution to sustainable opportunity identification. Moreover, the transitions are facilitated by two factors—awareness of adverse consequences and entrepreneurial attitude—providing motivation and direction in the process. We tested our model in a field study (N = 107) and two experiments (N = 53 andN = 69). Our findings show that awareness of adverse consequences and entrepreneurial attitude influence the process of sustainable opportunity identification, explaining under which conditions people are more likely to identify business opportunities for sustainable development. Our study thus contributes to the field of sustainable entrepreneurship.
Tuning the Facet Proportion of Co2C Nanoprisms for Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis to Olefins
Authors: An Yunlei , Lin Tiejun , Gong Kun , Wang Xinxing , Zhong Liangshu , Wang Hui , Sun Yuhan
Published: January 2020

Cobalt carbide (Co2C) exhibits strong facet effect for Fischer‐Tropsch to olefins (FTO) reaction. Herein, we report that the facet proportion of Co2C nanostructures can be tuned effectively by incorporating and altering the Mn content in the CoMn composite oxide as catalyst precursor. With the addition of Mn promoter, the Co2C nanoprisms with exposed (020) and (101) facets are generated under reaction conditions. In addition, the facet proportion of Co2C(020) facet can be effectively improved by enhancing the Mn/Co ratio. With the increase of facet proportion of Co2C(020)/Co2C(101) ratio, the as‐obtained Co2C nanoprisms exhibit higher intrinsic activity and lower methane selectivity during the syngas conversion process. Kinetic experiments also demonstrate that the apparent activation energy (Ea) for CO conversion is significantly reduced as increasing the facet proportion of Co2C(020). This work provides a simple and feasible way to tune the exposed facet proportion for the rational design of Co2C nanocatalyst for FTO reaction.
Effect of Experimental Operations on the Limiting Current Density of Oxygen Reduction Reaction Evaluated by Rotating‐Disk Electrode
Authors: Zhong Guoyu , Xu Shurui , Liu Lei , Zheng Cheng Zhi , Dou Jingjing , Wang Fengye , Fu Xiaobo , Liao Wenbo , Wang Hongjuan
Published: January 2020

The universal linear scan voltammogram measurement on the rotating disk electrode (RDE) has been identified as a simple method to investigate the oxygen reduction activity of electrocatalysts. The steady‐state limiting current density Ilim indicates the maximum diffusion current density in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) during RDE measurement, which should be a fixed value in theory for a 4e ORR in a particular concentration solution and at a certain rotate speed. However, in experiments, Ilim is always variable and smaller than theoretical value even though with the same the catalyst, electrode, and rotator. So the impact of various experimental operating parameters on Ilim is highly necessary to be investigated. In this paper, factors, such as catalyst loading, O2 inlet condition, O2 flow rate, gas tightness, solution concentration, and purity, have been investigated for their effects on the Ilim of ORR on three typical catalysts (20 % commercial Pt/C, Iron/Nitrogen/Carbon‐catalyst and N‐doped carbon nanotubes). The results indicate that the catalyst loading and O2 inlet condition are the key factors influencing the Ilim of ORR. While, the O2 flow rate, gas tightness, solution concentration, and purity have little influence on the Ilim of ORR. The correct Ilim could be obtained under the optimized catalyst loading and the O2 inlet with an extended sand core tube.
Breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma and effusions: A review with emphasis on the role of cytopathology
Authors: Julien Louis‐André , Michel René P. , Auger Manon
Published: January 2020

Breast implants are surgically implanted by the hundreds of thousands every year worldwide for reconstructive or aesthetic purposes. Complications related to breast implants include early and late effusions that are often submitted for cytopathological analysis, particularly to exclude the possibility of breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA‐ALCL), a rare disease that generally follows an indolent clinical course, although it is becoming clearer that a subset of patients with adverse features have a poorer prognosis. Since a late‐onset breast implant–associated effusion is the most common initial presentation of BIA‐ALCL, cytopathological analysis of these effusions is considered the cornerstone and gold standard for rapid, efficient, reliable diagnosis and is critical for appropriate management and treatment. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recently published clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of BIA‐ALCL and stresses the essential role of cytopathological analysis, although it remains a matter of debate if all seromas should undergo immunocytochemistry or flow cytometry, particularly for assessment of expression of CD30 irrespective of morphological appearance on cytology. Herein, we review the current knowledge on BIA‐ALCL, review the key cytological findings of reactive and malignant effusions related to breast implants, and present a comprehensive cytopathological workup with the presence of atypical cells as the key and pivotal element triggering further ancillary studies. We believe this approach will ensure appropriate and cost‐effective management of effusion specimens from breast implants.
Sensitization of SnO2 Single Crystals with Multidentate‐Ligand‐Capped PbS Colloid Quantum Dots to Enhance the Photocurrent Stability
Authors: Li Guobao , Yang Qian , Kubie Lenore , Stecher Joshua T. , Galazka Zbigniew , Uecker Reinhard , Parkinson Bruce A.
Published: January 2020

A PbS quantum dot (QD) sensitized SnO2 solar cell has the advantage of producing photocurrent from near‐infrared to the ultraviolet that covers much of the higher energy solar spectrum. However, the long‐chain ligands, that are frequently used to cap as‐synthesized QDs, inhibit the charge transfer ability to the sensitized substrate, decreasing the photovoltaic efficiency in the device. Herein, we present a fast and efficient ligand‐exchange strategy for the replacement of synthetically convenient hydrophobic oleic acid (OA) ligands with short‐chain multidentate hydrophilic ligands such as meso‐2,3‐dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) that increase the electronic coupling to the SnO2 substrate. Results from ultraviolet‐visible‐near‐infrared (UV‐Vis‐NIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) micrographs verify that this ligand‐exchange method produces no significant QD size or crystal‐structure changes. X‐ray photon spectra (XPS) results suggest that thiol groups from DMSA are likely bound to the PbS QDs compared to other bifunctional ligands. The PbS QDs sensitized SnO2 single crystals were characterized with atomic force microscopy (AFM), and with incident photon current efficiency (IPCE) spectra. Furthermore, it was shown that the IPCE of DMSA‐capped PbS QDs sensitized SnO2 single crystals retains >80% of its initial value after >7 hours of illumination within an electrolyte containing a high concentration of NaI whereas other ligand capped PbS QDs degraded much more rapidly.
Teacher autonomy and teacher agency: a comparative study in Brazilian and Norwegian lower secondary education
Authors: Lennert da Silva Ana Lucia , Mølstad Christina Elde
Published: January 2020

Teacher autonomy and teacher agency are positively related to teachers’ motivation and engagement in teaching. This paper combines the concepts of teacher autonomy and teacher agency to study how Brazilian and Norwegian lower secondary teachers respond to an accountability system marked by a centralised outcomes‐based curriculum and testing. Teacher autonomy concerns the relations between teachers’ scope of action and the state’s role in providing resources and regulations that extend or constrain this scope of action. Teacher agency refers to teachers’ professional action based on their perceptions and experiences of their scope of action as they navigate accountability to respond to educational dilemmas at hand. The findings show that teachers navigate policies in a variety of forms to fit their needs and beliefs and those of their students. Brazilian teachers have a constrained scope of action and possibilities for achieving agency in comparison with their Norwegian counterparts. Norwegian teachers also have their individual autonomy constrained by extended state control over the curriculum and testing. However, the practice of collective work opens up for the exercise of agency because of the possibility of reflection and collective construction of teaching plans and strategies that frame and legitimise teaching work.