bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sinoatrial nodal disease in a Fetus presenting with tachy-bradycardia syndrome of Anti-SSA/SSB-Positive Mother.
Authors: Karmegaraj Balaganesh
Published: March 2022

Atrial, sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node disease with preserved
conductivity results in tachy-bradycardia syndrome.(1) Tachy-bradycardia
syndrome has been reported in fetuses with the missense variant
p.(Gly482Arg) in HCN4 gene.(2) Atrial ectopics and junction ectopic
tachycardia were reported in fetuses with autoimmune atrioventricular
block.(3,4) An unusual dominant involvement of sinoatrial node in a
fetus presenting with tachy-bradycardia syndrome of
Anti-SSA/SSB-Positive mother.
Blow-up solutions of discrete semilinear Klein-Gordon equations on networks
Authors: Choi Min-Jun
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the initial boundary value problem of the
Klein-Gordon equation on networks. The main contribution of this work is
to introduce a condition (C), and we use the concavity method to obtain
blow-up solutions to this problem.
Oral therapy of recombinant Subtilisin QK-2 potentiates thrombolytic effect in a carrageenan-induced thrombosis animal model
Authors: Tang Yiping , Yang Yuanyuan , Liu Qiuchen , Song Xia , Li Qiaohong , Wang Man , Lu Xuan , Hu Hankun , Zhou Li , Wang Yefu
Published: March 2022

Subtilisin QK is a nattokinase-like serine protease which demonstrates
high efficiency for direct cross-linked fibrin degradation, without
activation of plasminogen. It was resistant capacity against the
digestion of mimics pancreatic enzyme and could be absorbed throughout
ex vivo intestine with fibrinolytic activity in a time-dependent manner.
The result of bioluminescence image using nude mice also proved that
rSubtilisin QK could infiltrate into all organs from intestinal mucosa.
Since rSubtilisin QK could also elevated the levels of plasma levels of
fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products and D-dimer (they are sensitive
indicators of in vivo fibrinolytic activity) in rats, its prevention
effect was investigated in κ-carrageenan-induced rat model. Thrombosis
rats were oral treated with rSubtilisin QK for 7 days, and the length of
tail-thrombosis was then measured. Compared to control group, the
average length of tail-thrombosiswere reduced and the vessel cross
section of ears and tails occupied by thrombosis was relieved among the
thrombosis rats treated with rSubtilisin QK. Furthermore, the levels of
tissue plasminogen activator were increased in cultured HUVECs
stimulated with rSubtilisin QK, while plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
showed the opposite trend simultaneously, suggesting the activation of
plasminogen. In conclusion, rSubtilisin QK exerted thrombolytic effects
in vivo and may be a potential oral thrombolytic agent.
Dose-response relationship between patients’ liver injury markers on admission and the severity of COVID-19: A meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Xuegeng , Zheng Huiqiu , Lu Haiwen , Yao Dongmei , Wu Jing , Du Sha , Su Yuenan , Wang Xuemei
Published: March 2022

Aim:An increasing number of studies have reported a higher frequency of
liver injury in COVID-19. Several meta-analyses of the associations
between liver injury and COVID-19 had been published, but the
dose-response relationship has not been conducted. Therefore, we
performed a dose-response meta-analysis to explore this relationship.
Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and four additional Chinese
databases were used to collect studies from December 1, 2019 to October
26, 2020. Key information was extracted, and the corresponding model was
selected on the basis of the heterogeneity test. The pooled RR, OR, and
WMD values were then calculated. Sensitivity analysis and publication
bias were also assessed to further demonstrate the stability and
reliability of the results. Results: Among the 13298 studies that were
initially retrieved, 54 studies met our inclusion criteria and included
9907 participants. There was a dose-response relationship between ALT
(OR from 1.0 for ≤40 U/L to 1.556[1.130–2.142] for 40–80 U/L and
1.635[1.176–2.273] for >80 U/L), AST (OR from 1.0 for
≤40 U/L to 1.635[1.180–2.266] for 40–80 U/L and
2.019[1.387–2.938] for >80 U/L) and severe COVID-19.
Higher ALT, AST, and TBil were associated with need for ICU admission
(WMD 6.45[4.08–8.81], 8.80[6.02–11.57], 2.03[0.91–3.14]),
and death due to COVID-19 (WMD 3.22[0.08–6.35],
12.06[6.26–17.85], 2.70[0.72–4.68]). There was no publication
bias in this meta-analysis. Conclusion: There were dose-response
relationships between ALT, AST, and COVID-19 severity. ALT and AST
levels in COVID-19 patients on admission should be considered to be
clinical warning indicators, which could provide basis for preventing
serious COVID-19 and associated deaths
Energy decay for damped Timoshenko-Ehrenfest systems under influence of the second spectrum of frequency
Authors: Almeida Dilberto , Freitas Mirelson , Ramos Anderson , Soufiyane Abdelaziz , Cardoso Marcos , Campelo Anderson
Published: March 2022

In this paper we consider the Timoshenko-Ehrenfest beam models (2019,
{\it Who developed the so-called Timoshenko beam theory?
Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids)} and we stablished exponential
decay results based on influence of the second spectrum of frequency and
it’s damaging consequences for wave propagation speeds. For the
classical case, having two wave speeds governing the stress waves and
shear waves, we prove that the corresponding semigroup associated to the
system decays exponentially under equal wave speeds assumption. On the
contrary, there is a lack of exponential stability and we prove it’s
optimality based on Borichev-Tomilov approach. For the truncated case,
we assure the well-posedness by using the Faedo-Galerkin method and we
prove that the total energy decays exponentially regardless any
relationship between coefficients of the system by using the energy
method.
Initial findings of universal testing for SAR-CoV-2 in women admitted for delivery in North Wales: A prospective multicentre cohort study.
Authors: Maraj Hemant , Bhattacharjee Deepannita , Jinsiwale Neha
Published: March 2022

Objective To describe the prevalence of overall and asymptomatic
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women admitted for delivery at 3
maternity units in North Wales. Design A prospective multicentre cohort
study of universal testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection offered to all
pregnant women admitted for delivery. Setting 475 women admitted for
delivery in 3 maternity units in North Wales at Bangor, Bodelwyddan and
Wrexham between 3rd June and 2nd July 2020. Population 95.8% (n=475) of
all women admitted for delivery. Methods Testing performed by reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swabs with
concurrent universal screening for signs and symptoms of COVID-19
infection. Main Outcome Measures Overall and asymptomatic prevalence of
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women admitted for delivery. Results
The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women in
North Wales was 2.74% with an asymptomatic prevalence of 1.89%. 69%
of women infected with SARS-CoV-2 at delivery were asymptomatic.
Conclusions Pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection are not reliably
identified using symptom and temperature screening as most infected
women are asymptomatic on admission. The prevalence of maternal
infection and asymptomatic carrier rates vary based on geographic
differences in disease prevalence. It is suggested that a trial period
of universal testing may help determine whether such an approach is
appropriate for an individual maternity unit. Funding – None Key words
Universal testing, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, pregnant women, delivery
Dual Effects of Hypoxia on Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse Clonal Mesenchymal Stem cells
Authors: Kim Hyoungki , Kwon Soonjo
Published: March 2022

Hypoxia is considered an important factor in the proliferation and
stemness of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This study aimed to obtain
large numbers of mouse clonal MSCs (mc-MSCs) and evaluate the effect of
hypoxia on the proliferation and differentiation of mc-MSCs. mc-MSCs
were cultured on a Cytodex 3 microcarrier in a spinner flask for a
suspension culture to increase mass productivity. To produce the hypoxic
conditions, CoCl2 and Na2SO3 were used in a low glucose DMEM medium. The
hypoxia environment was established using 0.5g/L Na2SO3 with 10μM or 100
µM CoCl2 for 24 hours. As a result, the proliferation of mc-MSCs under
hypoxic conditions was 1.56 times faster than the control group over
seven days. The gene expression of HIF-1a and VEGFA increased 4.62 fold
and 2.07 fold, respectively. Furthermore, the gene expression of ALP,
RUNX2, COL1A, and osteocalcin increased significantly by 9.55, 1.55,
2.29, and 2.53 times, respectively. In contrast, the expression of
adipogenic differentiation markers, such as PPAR-γ and FABP4, decreased.
These results show that the hypoxia environment produced by these
chemicals in a suspension culture increases the proliferation of mc-MSCs
and promotes the osteogenic differentiation of mc-MSCs.
Phenotypes and Clinical Outcomes of Omalizumab and Mepolizumab treated Difficult Asthma patients
Authors: Fong Wei Chern Gavin , Azim Adnan , Knight Deborah , Mistry Heena , Freeman Anna , Felongco Mae , Kyyaly Aref , Harvey Matthew , Dennison Patrick , Zhang Hongmei , Howarth Peter , Arshad S , Kurukulaaratchy Ramesh
Published: March 2022

Introduction Real-world data on Omalizumab (OMA) and Mepolizumab (MEPO)
can inform their use in severe asthma (SA). We studied patients in the
Wessex AsThma CoHort of difficult asthma (WATCH) to: 1. Phenotypically
compare OMA or MEPO treated patients against a SA, non-biologic group
(SNB). 2. Assess clinical responses to OMA and MEPO. 3. Assess the
spectrum of responses to these biologics. Methods We retrospectively
phenotyped biologic naïve patients from WATCH (N=478) commenced on OMA
(N=105) or MEPO (N=62) compared to SNB (N=178). Biologic response was
gauged using standard criteria and response features were identified
using logistic regression. Results OMA and MEPO patients were
phenotypically distinct. Both drugs significantly reduced exacerbations,
acute healthcare encounters (emergency department or hospital
admissions), maintenance oral corticosteroid dose, and improved Asthma
Control Questionnaire 6 (ACQ6) scores. OMA patients with more
exacerbations at baseline (P=0.024), less acute healthcare encounters
(P=0.050), and no anxiety (P=0.008) were more likely to respond to it.
Lower baseline ACQ6 was independently associated with higher odds of
MEPO response (P=0.007). Combined (OMA or MEPO) non-responders had
significantly more psychological co-morbidities and worse baseline
subjective disease markers compared to responder groups. Current
criteria used to measure trial outcomes for MEPO, but not OMA, missed
some modalities of response. Conclusion In a difficult asthma cohort,
OMA and MEPO were used for distinct SA phenotypes, yet both were
multidimensionally efficacious. Among these phenotypes, some clinical
features associated with response were identified which emphasized the
importance of addressing treatable traits when considering biologic
therapy.
Micronutrient Supplementation for Increased Diversity of Bacterial Community in Two-Phase Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Menon Ajay , Lyng James , Giannis Apostolos
Published: March 2022

Deficiency of trace metals exacerbates instability in the methanogenic
phase of two-phase thermophilic AD. The addition of a micronutrient
supplement containing calcium, magnesium, cobalt and nickel was found to
help process recovery, increasing methane production by up to 40%. In
this study, next gen sequencing was used to identify the changes brought
by addition of the micronutrients in the bacterial community of the
methanogenic phase of this process. The diversity of the community
before supplementation was considerably low and a single species of
Phylum Thermotogae was the sole dominant bacterial group. The addition
of a micronutrient supplement comprising of Ca, Mg, Co and Ni caused a
dramatic increase in the diversity of the community and species
belonging to Arcobacter, Clostridium, Pseudomonas, Bacteroides and
Coprothermobacter were particularly enriched. This suggested that the
action of the micronutrients resulted in an increase in the functional
diversity and redundancy of the bacterial community and limiting
hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in favour of acetotrophic
methanogenesis. These factors would contribute to the observed increased
stability and higher productivity in the micronutrient supplemented
thermophilic AD process.
Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma: A Case Report and Short Review
Authors: mandal Partha , Chellani Harish
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a rare neoplasm of kidney.
It is the most common renal tumor in the neonatal period. We report a
case of mesoblastic nephroma in a term baby , who had presented with an
abdominal lump and was treated with Nephrectomy. A brief review of
literature is also added.
Using troponin-I levels on admission as a predictor of severity and Outcome in COVID-19 virus disease
Authors: Khan Fahad , Ali Jabar , Ullah Rizwan , Khattak Safi Ullah , Khan Muhammad Wasim , Lakhta Gul
Published: March 2022

Objective: The novel SARS-COV-2 virus affected millions worldwide,
wreaking havoc, the likes of which can rarely be anticipated. Research
is on the verge to counter dis disease. It is now known dat myocardial
injury is one of its manifestations. However, Troponin-me lev- els(cTnI)
for prognostication of disease severity and outcome remains determined.
Methods: We conducted dis retrospective study on confirmed COVID-19
virus disease cases from 1st April 2020 till 31st October 2020. Data was
acquired from the hospital’s electronic record. Cox proportional hazard
regression model was conducted to perform a mortality survival analysis.
The probability curves of survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier
method and contrasted with the log-rank test. Results: A total of 466
patients were enrolled in our study. Most of them were male and elderly.
The majority were both hypertensive and diabetic, and one third had a
myocardial injury on arrival. Our study showed mortality rate was higher
in patients with associated comorbidities, me.e., hypertension (HR2.13)
and ischemic heart disease (IHD) (HR 2.02), and in those with elevated
troponin-me level (HR 1.80) on admission. Conclusion: Our study
concluded dat in confirmed COVID-19 virus disease cases, measuring
troponin-me levels on arrival could help predict the severity and
outcome. Keywords: SARSCoV2, Coronavirus, COVID19, Troponin, Cardiac
enzymes, biomarkers, 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection, COVID 19 Virus
Disease
A Modified Suprasternal Approach in Transthoracic Echocardiography for Detection of Isolated Left Upper Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection with Intact Atrial Septum: Hard to Diagnose, Easy to Miss
Authors: Zor Ayşegül Karahan , Beşikçi Resmiye , aydıner omer
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND Isolated left upper partial anomalous pulmonary venous
connection (PAPVC) via innominate vein to the right atrium with intact
atrial septum is a rare congenital anomaly. Diagnosis requires a high
degree of suspicion, otherwise it may remain undetected. This study was
undertaken to determine the efficacy of a modified suprasternal view in
transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for the detection of left upper
PAPVC. METHODS After diagnosis of left upper PAPVC in our first patient
incidentally in 2008, we have added the modified suprasternal view to
all TTEs performed in our pediatric cardiology clinic. This was obtained
by tilting the tail of the probe 30-45 degrees towards the right
shoulder of the patient during suprasternal long axis for a better view
of the innominate vein and search for left upper PAPVC. RESULTS Among
7200 patients who underwent TTEs between 2008-2020, we have identified
13 patients with left upper PAPVC into the innominate vein by using our
modified suprasternal approach. All were asymptomatic children, aged
between 5 months and 16 years. In all patients, cardiac chambers were
normal in size and there were no accompanying congenital disorders. In
10 cases, diagnoses were confirmed by multi-slice computerized
tomography, whereas one patient underwent catheterization for
confirmation. CONCLUSION Isolated left upper PAPVC to innominate vein
with intact atrial septum is a rare congenital disorder and can be
present in asymptomatic children with normal cardiac chambers. TTE, with
a modified approach in suprasternal long axis view, has a high
diagnostic value in the detection of this condition
Food and temperature change photoperiodic responses in two vole species: different roles for Tshβ, Kisspeptin and Rfrp3
Authors: Rosmalen Laura van , Hut Roelof
Published: March 2022

Seasonal timing of reproduction in voles is driven by photoperiod. Here
we hypothesize that a negative energy balance can modify
spring-programmed photoperiodic responses in the hypothalamus,
controlling reproductive organ development. We reveal that Common
(Microtus arvalis) and Tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus),
reduce photoperiodic induced pars tuberalis thyroid-stimulating hormone
β-subunit (Tshβ) expression to inhibit gonadal development when food is
scarce. Reduction in gonadal size is more pronounced in tundra voles, in
which the hypothalamic Kisspeptin (Kiss1) system seems involved in
downregulating gonadal development, especially in males. Low temperature
additionally leads to decreased hypothalamic RF-amide related peptide
(Rfrp3) levels, which may facilitate further suppression of gonadal
growth. Shutting off the photoperiodic-axis when food is scarce in
spring may be an adaptive response to save energy, leading to delayed
reproductive organ development until food resources are sufficient for
reproduction, lactation and offspring survival.
NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS AFTER ATRIAL FLUTTER: CASE REPORT
Authors: Tandircioglu Umit Ayse , Celik Hasan Tolga , Yuksekgonul Ayse Unal , Ertuğrul İlker , Yurdakok Murat
Published: March 2022

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has a multifactorial etiology and
predominantly affects preterm infants, with only 13% of cases occurring
in term infants. Hypoxia, sudden cardiovascular changes can also affect
mesenteric perfusion. It is assumed that decreased mesenteric blood
flow, followed by reperfusion, can contribute to intestinal damage,
thereby increasing NEC incidence rates in term infants. This report
presents a case of NEC development during follow-up for atrial flutter
(AF). Repeated cardioversion caused sudden hemodynamic changes, causing
NEC.
Gabapentin Add-On Therapy for Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Associated Neurogenic Overactive Detrusors That Are Unresponsive to Combined Anticholinergic and Beta-3 Adrenergic Therapy
Authors: Cakici Ozer , Kaya Coskun , SANCI ADEM , Gencler Onur Serdar , Mammadkhanli Orkhan , Cindas Abdullah
Published: March 2022

Spinal cord injury is a major cause of lifelong morbidity. Functional
micturition problems are common while the management choices are
comparatively narrow. Some patients are refractory to the combination of
the available therapeutics, namely the anticholinergics and a
beta-adrenergic named mirabegron. In this paper we report our results of
using gabapentin as an add-on treatment in the refractory overactive
detrusor cases secondary to spinal cord injury. Material and Methods A
total of 27 patients who had spinal cord injury between the levels of
second thoracic and fourth lumbar vertebrae and had an overactive
detrusor in urodynamic studies were included in this retrospective
study. The patients were selected as they also had not responded to a
combination of an anticholinergic and mirabegron and had neuropathic
pain. Gabapentin treatment was added to the previous therapy.
Demographics, previous treatments, chronic conditions, urodynamic
findings, clinical and urodynamic responses are reported in this paper.
Results We observed the response in the urodynamic studies of 11
patients (40.17%), in terms of decreased detrusor contractions, maximal
detrusor pressure, and the number of the incontinence episodes. Sixteen
patients did not respond to the gabapentin add-on therapy and were
referred for Botulinum Toxin injections to the bladder. Conclusion
Gabapentin add-on therapy can be considered as an option in neurogenic
overactive detrusor patients who did not respond to the combination of
anticholinergics and mirabegron. The approved usage of gabapentin for
neurogenic pain justifies its usage in this area. In our selected
patient group, who had not responded to the combination therapy, we
observed a clinical benefit in one-third of the patients.
Non-invasive prenatal paternity testing using mini-STR-based next-generation sequencing: a methodological study
Authors: Song Wenqian , Xiao Nan , Zhou Shihang , Yu Weijian , Wang Ni , Shao Linnan , Duan Ying , Chen Mei , Pan Lingzi , Xia Yuexing , Zhang Li , Liang Xiaohua
Published: March 2022

Objective: To assess the efficacy of a mini-short tandem repeat
(mini-STR)-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) method for
non-invasive prenatal paternity testing (NIPPT). Design: Methodological
study. Setting and population: NIPPT was performed for 28 families,
which consisted of pregnant women, their husbands, and infants. Methods:
Plasma DNA from 28 pregnant women was extracted and cell-free foetal DNA
(cffDNA) genotyping was performed at 23 mini-STR loci using the Illumina
NextSeq 500 system. For each mini-STR locus, the cffDNA genotype was
validated by determination of infant DNA genotype. The mini-STR loci
with high accordance rates were selected for comparison of STR
genotyping results between cffDNA and biological father DNA or random
male DNA for each family. Main outcome measures: The mini-STR-based NGS
method can be used for NIPPT. Results: The biological relationship was
validated between alleged fathers and infants in all 28 families using
the capillary electrophoresis (CE) method. Moreover, the accordance
rates of STR genotypes D5S818, D19S253, and D21S1270 were less than 50%
in 23 autosomal STR loci. The STR genotype matching probability was
calculated using 20 STR loci with more than 60% accordance rate. There
was a significant difference in the STR genotype matching probability
between cffDNA and the DNA from the biological father (75–100%) or
from random males (25–70%) (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Our
study demonstrated that mini-STR can be used for NGS-based NIPPT.
Furthermore, this method can be used for crime control purposes using
the STR data available from the national forensic DNA databases.
Assessment of Electromechanically Stimulated Bone Marrow Stem Cells Seeded Acellular Cardiac Patch in a Rat Myocardial Infarct Model
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şükrü , Shahbazi Reza , Zeybek Naciye , Kurum Barıs , Gultekinoglu Merve , Aksoy Eda , Demircin Metin , Ulubayram Kezban
Published: March 2022

Although substantial progress has been made in tissue engineered cardiac
patch, the translation of such strategies into a clinical setting has
always face setbacks due to the lack of appropriate scaffolds and cell
resources. Here, we evaluated cardiomyogenic differentiation of
electromechanically stimulated rat bone marrow-derived stem cell
(rt-BMSCs) on an acellular bovine pericardium (aBP) as well as the
performance of this engineered patch in a rat myocardial infarct (MI)
model. Briefly, aBP was prepared using a detergent-based
decellularization procedure. The formed aBPs were seeded with rt-BMSCs
and then stimulated under electrical, mechanical or electromechanical
conditions (3-millisecond pulses of 5 V/cm at 1 Hz, 5% streching) to
enhance cardiomyogenic differentiation. Thereafter, electromechanically
stimulated patch was applied on MI region over a time period (3 weeks).
After this period, the retrieved patch and infarct region were evaluated
in terms of calcification, inflammatory reaction (CD68), cell migration
from patch to host tissue and sarcomere structure related protein
expressions. Patch related calcification was not examined in all tested
group. Moreover, higher number of BrdU-labelled cells and low level of
CD68 positive cells were observed in the infract region under
electromechanically stimulated conditions as compared with static
conditions. More importantly, MHC, SAC, Troponin T and N-cad positive
cells were observed in both infarct region and retrieved engineered
patch after the 3 weeks. As a result, we showed that a noticeable
differentiation of stem cells on an acellular patch into cardiomyocytes
under the electromechanical stimulation. This patch successfully
integrated with the host tissue via cell migration from the patch to the
infarct region.
Echocardiography and surgical treatment of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm with right ventricular wall perforation after myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Bing , Pan Yong , Wu An , Fu Qing , Zhang Yi , Yi Xiang
Published: March 2022

Rupture of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and perforation of right
ventricular wall a are very rare.Objective: to investigate the
manifestation and contribution of ventriculography, echocardiography,
three-dimensional echocardiography, left ventricular contrast
echocardiography and right ventricular contrast echocardiography
.Methods: we analyzed 12 patients with left ventricular pseudoaneurysm
with right ventricular wall perforation, including one from our hospital
and 11 from the literature in pubmed database. Results: ①3 cases (25%)
were diagnosed by ventriculography, 9 cases (75%) were diagnosed by
echocardiography, 2 cases of pseudoaneurysm right ventricular rupture
were confirmed by Contrast Echocardiography Of Right Heart, and 1 case
was examed by left heart contrast echocardiography. due to the high
concentration of contrast agent in the right ventricle, the shunt
between the left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and the right ventricular
rupture is not obvious. One case of left ventricular aneurysm ruptured
into the right ventricle was diagnosed again by three-dimensional
ultrasound, and the complementary anatomical information of
two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound could be
displayed, and the right ventricular opening could be fully evaluated.
②7 cases underwent operation, of which 1 case died of multiple organ
failure, 6 cases were good after operation, and 5 cases were not
operated. Conclusion: ①although ventriculography was previously
considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of these rare
diseases, echocardiography is also sensitive and accurate in evaluating
left ventricular pseudoaneurysm breaking into the right ventricle. ②
timely and effective surgical treatment is the key to the prognosis of
patients
Pulsatile Tinnitus --- The Accumulation of the Degree and Number of Risk Factors Over Time
Authors: Wang Hehe , Zhang Junge , Zhang Weiwen , Sun Jingwu , Sun Jiaqiang , Wan Guanglun
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) is usually caused by vascular
pulsation, its pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. We conducted a
retrospective analysis of some patients diagnosed with PT, aiming to
provide clinical reference for future studies on PT. Design:
Retrospective study. Setting: Single institution. Participants: Surgical
treatment of PT in 52 patients. Methods: We counted basic
characteristics of all patients, analyzed the prognostic factors and the
treatment results, classified the etiology according to the imaging
findings. Results: The gender difference was statistically significant
in PT（2=44.308, P＜0.001). The analysis results found a correlation
between duration of tinnitus and the prognosis of surgery
(P<0.05). we found 19 conditions can lead to PT. We reported
the first case in the world that the mirror man suffers from PT in our
study. Conclusions: Our study suggests that we attribute the cause of PT
to the superposition of the degree and number of risk factors over time.
The duration of tinnitus is related to prognosis. The hearing loss of PT
is mainly low frequency hearing loss. A total of 19 imaging conditions
can cause PT were found. PT caused by sigmoid sinus diverticulum had the
best surgical effect, while high jugular bulb had the worst. PT in
mirror person is reported for the first time, which provides clinical
reference for the diagnosis and treatment of PT in mirror person. At the
same time, we raised some new questions for the study of PT.
MHD effects on micropolar-Newtonian fluid flow through a composite porous channel
Authors: Deo Satya , Maurya Deepak
Published: March 2022

The present study investigates the flow of a Newtonian fluid, sandwiched
between two rectangular porous channels which are filled with micropolar
fluid in the presence of uniform magnetic field applied in a direction
perpendicular to that of the fluid motion. The governing equations of
micropolar fluid are modied by Nowacki’s approach. For respective porous
channels, expressions for velocity vectors, microrotations, stresses
(shear and couple) are obtained analytically. Continuity of velocities,
continuities of microrotations and continuity of stresses are used at
the porous interfaces; conditions of no slip and no spin are applied at
the impervious boundaries of the composite channel. Numerical values of
flow rate, wall shear stresses and couple stresses at the porous
interfaces are listed in tables for different values of various
parameters. Graphs of the flow rate, fluid velocity and Newtonian fluid
velocity are plotted and their behaviors are discussed with various
values of parameters: micropolar parameter, couple stress parameter,
viscosity ratio parameter, Hartmann number, conductivity ratio
parameters and permeability parameters.
An in-depth analysis of HIV-1 dynamics under distinct HAART regimes via Sturm sequence
Authors: Krishnapriya P. , M Pitchaimani
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we propose a model for the dynamics of HIV-1 epidemics
under distinct regimes and study the emergence of drug resistance. Our
main result shows that the stability analysis for delay differential
equation through strum sequence. Under this technique, we arrive at the
general conditions on the coefficients of a characteristic equation of
degree four, such that it describes an asymptotically stable steady
state which becomes unstable as the delay parameter is increased. To
apply this technique for analyzing the stability of HIV-1 infection
delay model with HARRT regimes. A sensitivity methodology for nonlinear
delay systems arising in one class of cellular HIV infection models is
presented. Theoretical foundations for a typical sensitivity
investigation and illustrative computations are given. Simulations using
realistic parameter values are then constructed to illustrate and
support our theoretical results. This model provides important insights
on how HAART might play a crucial role in the long term behavior of HIV
infection
Z-matrix template-based substitution approach: a tutorial on enumeration of 3D molecular structures
Authors: Limpanuparb Taweetham , Lorpaiboon Wanutcha
Published: March 2022

The exhaustive enumeration of 3D chemical structures based on Z-matrix
templates has recently been used in the quantum chemical investigation
of constitutional isomers, diastereomers and rotamers. This simple yet
powerful initial structure generation approach can apply beyond the
investigation of compounds of identical formula by quantum chemical
methods. This paper aims to provide a short description of the overall
concept followed by a practical tutorial to the approach. The four steps
required for Z-matrix template-based substitution are template
construction, generation of tuples for substitution sites, removal of
duplicate tuples and substitution on the template. In addition, the
generated tuples can be used to create chemical identifiers to query
compound properties from chemical databases. All of these steps are
demonstrated in this paper by common model compounds and are very
straightforward for an undergraduate audience to reproduce. A comparison
of the approach in the tutorial and other options are also discussed.
Detection and quantification of bovine papillomavirus DNA by digital droplet PCR in sheep blood
Authors: Roperto Sante , Cutarelli Anna , Corrado Federica , Falco Francesca De , Buonavoglia Canio
Published: March 2022

Abstract – Highly pathogenic bovine Delta papillomaviruses (δPVs) were
detected and quantified for the first time using digital droplet
polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) by liquid biopsy in 103 clinically
healthy sheep. Overall, ddPCR detected bovine δPVs in 68 blood samples
(66%). Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) infection by a single genotype was
revealed in 59% of the blood samples, and BPV coinfection by double,
triple or quadruple genotypes was observed in 41% of liquid biopsies.
The BPV-2 genotype was most frequently seen in sheep, whereas BPV-1 was
the least common. Furthermore, ddPCR was very useful for detection and
quantification; the BPV-14 genotype was observed for the first time in
ovine species, displaying the highest prevalence in some geographical
areas (Apulia). In 42 of the positive samples (61.8%), a single BPV
infection was observed, 26 of which were caused by BPV-2 (61.9%) and 7
by BPV-13 (16.7%). BPV-14 was responsible for 7 single infections
(16.7%) and BPV-1 for 2 single infections (4.7%). Multiple BPV
coinfections were observed in the remaining 26 positive samples
(38.2%), with dual BPV-2/BPV-13 infection being the most prevalent
(84.6%). BPV infection by triple and quadruple genotypes was also
observed in 11.5% and 3.8% of cases, respectively. The present study
showed that ddPCR, a biotechnological refinement of conventional PCR, is
by far the most sensitive and accurate assay for BPV detection.
Therefore, ddPCR displayed diagnostic and epidemiological value
resulting in the identification of otherwise undetectable BPV genotypes
as well as their geographical distributions and suggesting that animal
husbandry practices contribute to cross-species transmission of BPVs.
The state, transport, and fate of aboveground terrestrial arthropod eDNA
Authors: Valentin Rafael , Kyle Kathleen , Allen Michael , Welbourne Dustin , Lockwood Julie
Published: March 2022

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analyses have become invaluable for detecting
and monitoring aquatic and terrestrial species and assessing site
biodiversity within aquatic environments or soil. Recent studies have
extended these techniques by using eDNA to identify the presence of
aboveground terrestrial arthropods directly from aboveground substrates.
However, while the dynamics of eDNA state, transport, and fate (its
‘ecology’) have been explored within aquatic environments and soil, they
have yet to be explored within aboveground terrestrial systems. Here we
explore the ecology of terrestrial eDNA deposited by fluid-feeding
arthropods on leaf surfaces. We carried out a series of experiments to
evaluate the optimal filter pore size for intracellular eDNA collection,
how eDNA is affected by rain events, and its degradation rate under
different solar radiation conditions. We found that the captured
concentration of intracellular eDNA was not significantly affected by an
increase in filter pore size, suggesting a wide range of viable pore
size options exist for targeting intracellular eDNA. We also found
extracellular eDNA from fluid excrement degrades more rapidly than
intracellular when exposed to solar radiation, indicating the latter is
a more viable target for collection. Finally, we identified that
rainfall or mist will remove most terrestrial eDNA present on vegetation
surfaces. We provide researchers and environmental managers key insights
into successfully designing and carrying out terrestrial arthropod eDNA
surveys that maximize detection probability.
USE OF CORTICOSTEROIDS IN ASTHMATICS DURING COVID 19: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: NASSORO DAVID , Mpondo Bonaventura
Published: March 2022

Inhaled corticosteroids (IC) have been associated with an increased risk
of pneumonia in patients with Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). Asthmatics are at an increased risk of developing
exacerbations after infection by respiratory viruses such as Influenza
virus (IV), Parainfluenza virus, Human metapneumovirus, respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV), Rhinovirus (RV), and Human and severe acute
respiratory syndrome Coronaviruses. Asthma itself, mainly when it is
poorly controlled, is an independent risk factor for pneumonia. A subset
of Asthmatics can have significant defects in their innate, humoral, and
cell-mediated immunity arms. Despite being one of the essential drugs in
asthma control, several inhaled corticosteroids have been implicated in
the observed significantly increased incidences of pneumonia in
asthmatics. The observed association may be due to promoting viral
replication, inflammation, and impairing antiviral responses. With the
current COVID 19 pandemic affecting millions of people worldwide and
with mortality of more than 44-fold that of seasonal flu, it was
necessary to revisit this subject. Most asthmatics are poorly controlled
and are on inhaled corticosteroids, putting them in a high-risk group.
Preliminary case series have shown that asthmatics experience a more
adverse clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection than non-asthmatics.
Hence while we are waiting for more studies that further narrates the
association between COVID 19 and Asthma, we advise clinicians on the
importance of individualizing their management plan in asthmatics with
the main aim of achieving adequate disease control and selective use of
inhaled corticosteroids so as to avoid unwanted adverse events.
Sensitivity, Estimability and Parameter Identification of a Mathematical Covid-19 Epidemic Model
Authors: Bouchkira Ilias
Published: March 2022

In this work, a mathematical Covid-19 epidemic transmission network
model is investigated for the study of the virus spread dynamics. The
purpose is to present a sensitivity-based estimability analysis as well
as an accurate parameter identification approaches for reliable
mathematical modeling. The most sensitive parameters of the model are
identified using a local sensitivity approach, these sensitivities are
then used within an orthogonalization algorithm to assess the
estimability of the unknown parameters from available data. A database
of newly reported infected and recovered people in China is used. The
most estimable model parameters are identified, their accuracy is
assessed by computing confidence intervals and their numerical values
are also used to compare the model predictions to real data. The Pearson
Product-Moment coefficient is computed. Its high values show the
accuracy of the new model parameterization and the importance of the
used sensitivity-based estimability approach.
Food allergy is an inducement of recurrent acute suppurative parotitis in children
Authors: Zhong Yi , Wu Heming , Cao Yan , Yuan Yi , Ding Xu , Li Sheng , Song Haiyang , Wang Chenxing , Du Hongming
Published: March 2022

Background Bacterial retrograde infection caused by decreased saliva
secretion is the main cause of recurrent acute suppurative parotitis
(RASP) in children. Allergies inhibit saliva secretion. Therefore, we
designed this study to identify the relationship between food allergy
and RASP in children. Methods This study is a prospective, open-label,
two-arm randomised cohort study of food allergy is an inducement for
RASP in children. We will enrol children, who are under 14 years with
serum IgE positive with ASP and 2 or more recurrent episodes within a
year. Participants will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to usual care or
anti-allergic treatment with telephone follow-up for 1 year. The primary
objective is to compare the difference of recurrence times in 2 groups.
Results The numbers of recurrence before and after the intervention of
the interventional group were significantly different, while the numbers
of recurrence before and after the intervention of the control group
were not significantly different. There were significant differences in
the numbers of recurrence after intervention between the interventional
group and the control group, while there were no significant differences
in age and the numbers of recurrence before intervention. The
correlation coefficient between food allergy and childhood RASP was
0.817 (p=0.000). Conclusions Food allergy is significantly correlated
with childhood RASP. Avoiding food allergies can significantly reduce
the recurrence of RASP
Synergistic effects of ocean acidification and warming on coral host, Symbiodinium and nutrients exchange-based symbioses indicated by metatranscriptome
Authors: Wu Han , Li Jinlong , Chai Guangjun , Xiao Yilin , Song Qianqian , Li Zhiyong
Published: March 2022

Global climate changes e.g. ocean acidification and warming caused by
anthropogenic emission of CO2 are the greatest global threat to coral
reef ecosystems. However, compared with the knowledge of Symbiodinium,
little is known about the synergistic effects of combined ocean
acidification and warming on the coral host and coral-Symbiodinium
symbioses. In this study, metatranscriptomic analysis was performed to
reveal the response of coral host and its symbiotic Symbiodinium to
acidification (A), warming (H) and combined acidification and
acidification (AH), using branching A. valida and massive G.
fascicularis as models in a laboratory simulation system. RNA-Seq-based
differently expressed genes (DEGs), together with coral’s morphological
change, suggested the synergistic effects of AH on the coral host and
coral-Symbiodinium symbioses, e.g. photosynthesis inhibition and
negative effect on nutrients exchange between the host and its
Symbiodinium. Particularly, AH showed a far greater impact on coral host
than on Symbiodinium. These findings provide novel insights into the
molecular mechanism of coral holobionts’ response to future extreme
ocean acidification and warming, meanwhile highlight the molecular
evidence for the different tolerance of branching and massive corals to
environmental changes.
A preoperative theatre visit to reduce the anxiety: A randomized controlled trial at Colombo South Teaching Hospital
Authors: Jayawardane Madura , Silva K.C.D.P , Piyadigama Indunil , Ranawaka Ranawakage Don Jeewantha , Samarawickrama Liyanarachichige Praveen Upamal
Published: March 2022

Objective Hypothesis: Exposure of the patient to a theatre setting prior
to surgery reduced the preoperative anxiety and adverse outcomes.
Design: Single-center randomized controlled trial Setting: Professorial
Gynecology Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka Sample: 64
adult patients. Methods: The patients were randomized and the
intervention arm was given a pre-operative visit with an informative
session regarding the surgery. These patients were assessed using an
interviewer-administered questionnaire. The Statistical Package for
Social Sciences (SPSS-17) was used to analyze the data. Main Outcome
measures: Anxiety level before surgery, at the time of surgery and
post-surgery, pre-induction parameters, and pain score. Results APAIS
average combined anxiety level before the intervention was 10.19 ± 3.872
for the intervention group and 10.53 ± 4.303 for the control. This is on
the day of the surgery after the intervention was 8.25 in the
intervention group and 8.75 in the control. The reduction of anxiety as
per HADS and VAS after surgery for the intervention group was 3.28 and
2.41 respectively, this is for control was 2.72 and 2.28. The pain score
at 6 hours after surgery was 5.04 for the intervention group and 6.08
for the control. Conclusion Preoperative theatre visit prior to surgery
made no significant difference in the patient’s anxiety, though a trend
in reduction of pain and anxiety noted. Trial Registration Sri Lankan
Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No: SLCTR/2019/015)
https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2019-015.
Global directed dynamic behaviors of a Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion-advection system
Authors: Lin Shilei , Chen Lili , Zhao Yanfeng
Published: March 2022

This paper investigates the problem of the global directed dynamic
behaviors of a Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion-advection system
between two species in heterogeneous environments, where two species are
competing for different fundamental resources, their advection and
diffusion strategies follow a positive diffusion distribution, the
functions of inter-specific competition ability are variable. By virtue
of the principal eigenvalue theory, the linear stability of the
co-existing steady state is established. Furthermore, the classification
on all possible long-time dynamical behaviors is shown by utilizing the
monotone dynamical system theory.
CCN5 Activation by free or encapsulated-EGCG is required to Render Triple-negative breast cancer cell Viability and Tumor Progression
Authors: Das Amlan , Haque Inamul , Ray Priyanka , Ghosh Arnab , Dutta Debasmita , Quadir Mohiuddin , De Archana , Gunewardena Sumedha , Chatterjee Indranil , Banerjee Snigdha , Weir Scott , Banerjee Sushanta
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been
considered an anticancer agent despite conflicting and discrepant
bioavailability views. EGCG impairs the viability and self-renewal
capacity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and makes them
sensitive to estrogen via activating ER-α. Surprisingly, the mechanism
of EGCG’s action on TNBC cells remains unclear. CCN5/WISP-2 is a
gatekeeper gene that regulates viability, ER-α, and stemness in
triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other types of cancers. This
study aimed to investigate whether EGCG (free or encapsulated in
nanoparticles) interacts with the CCN5 protein by emphasizing its
bioavailability and enhancing its anticancer effect. Experimental
Approach: Nanoparticle preparation, immunohistochemistry, confocal
microscopy, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, cell viability assay, apoptosis,
and mammosphere techniques were used to investigate the role of CCN5 in
EGCG mediated suppression of TNBC cells’ viability, and self-renewal
capacity was investigated using appropriate in vitro and in vivo models.
Key Results: We demonstrate that EGCG activates CCN5 to inhibit in vitro
cell viability through apoptosis, the sphere-forming ability via
reversing stemness of TNBC cells, and suppressing tumor growth in vivo.
Moreover, we found EGCG-loaded nanoparticles to be functionally more
active and superior in their tumor-suppressing ability than free-EGCG.
Conclusion and Implications: Together, these studies identify EGCG as a
novel activator of CCN5 in TNBC cells and beyond and a key player in
anticancer therapy. Moreover, nanoparticle-mediated delivery of EGCG is
a potentially attractive and effective therapeutic option for treating
TNBC patients and other aggressive cancers.
Fabrication and Physicochemical characterisation of marshmallow extra-loaded electrospun polymeric nanofibers
Authors: Kadkhodaie Atefeh , movaffagh jebraiel , bayat zakiyeh
Published: March 2022

: In this study electrospinning method was used to prepare nanofiber of
chitosan polymer and polyethylene oxide (PEO) solution. Also marshmallow
extract as a useful medicinal plant was loaded to it in different
concentrations .Optimal electrospinning conditions included a feed rate
of 0.5 ml / h, a voltage of 10 kV, a needle-to-collector distance of 200
mm and a collector rzzzotation speed of RPM200. SEM images of nanofibers
prepared with marshmallow extract loaded show a network structure of
non-woven fibers with no spheres and the difference between the mean
diameters of their fibers was not significantly different (P = 0.315).
Viscosity measurements show that the lowest viscosity is related to
2.5% chitosan solution and 10% marshmallow extract, which is
significantly less than chitosan solution alone (P <0.0001).
The highest electrical conductivity is related to Chitosan solution of
marshmallow extract is 20% and PEO is 2.5%. On the other hand,
increasing the concentration of the extract in the nanofibers increases
the surface tension and the tensile test shows that the difference in
the mean mechanical tension between the study groups was significantly
different (P = 0.011) .The FTIR study of the prepared nanofibers shows
no reaction Between marshmallow extract and chitosan and polyethylene
oxide, which leads to the production of new compounds, did not occur. It
was a mixture of biomaterials. Drug release was also performed by
calculating the area under the curve.