bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Early Washington County and A Study of The Development of Hollenberg, Kansas
Authors:   , Vernon J.
Published: February 2023

The first permanent settlement in Washington County was made in the late eighteen fifties. Beginning in the 18301 s, emigrants from the East had crossed it repeatedly. This small trickle of travelers was to grow to impressive proportions in the late forties and early fifties when thousands rushed westward to the fertile land of the Pacific Northwest and to the gold fields of the Sierras and 1 the Rockies. During the late sixties, the county was settled rapidly and by 1875 it was well beyond the pioneer stage. Its growth and development has been gradual and consistent-typical of numerous other Kansas counties. - The early settler found conditions se ere at times, but he set about trying to improve his lot and by dint of hard work and an occasional extra boost from a kind Providence he succeeded.
A Study of Experiment Design: Hydrolysis of 2-Chloro-2-Methylpropane
Authors:   , Palmquist John
Published: February 2023

An investigation has been made of a beginning organic chemistry experiment, the hydrolysis of 2 - chloro-2-methylpropane. The experiment studied was by J. A. Landgrebe in J.Chem.Ed., 41, 567 (1964). Also utilized was a similar experiment by R. Q. Brewster, C. A. Vanderwerf, and W. E. McEwen, “Unified Experiments in Organic Chemistry”, 2d ed., D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc ., Princeton, N.J., 1964. Comparisons have been made between student data obtained in an organic chemistry laboratory and data obtained under controlled conditions. Possible explanations for the lack of uniformity between the student data and the controlled experiment data have been formulated. Dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane, ethyl alcohol, and methyl alcohol were substituted for the solvent acetone for comparison of results. Methyl orange indicator was also tested in addition to the recommended bromphenol blue.
The Effects of Personalized AIDS Messages on Perceived Personal Risk and Sexual Behaviors Among College Students
Authors:   , Jenkins Lori
Published: February 2023

College students are quickly becoming a population with one of the fastest rising human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates that, in turn, will lead to an increased prevalence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Researchers propose that a heightened sense of invulnerability is present in this population, making prevention efforts difficult. The present study examined the effects of three different cassette tapes on college students' perceived personal risk, actual sexual practices, and intent to engage in risky behaviors in the future. Subjects listened to either a cassette tape containing education about AIDS, a cassette tape consisting of AIDS education plus a personalized component, or a control cassette tape. Data were obtained through the use of questionnaires measuring perceived personal risk, current sexual practices, and intent to engage in risky behaviors. A pretest/posttest control group design with follow-up was utilized. It was found that subjects who were currently at risk for acquiring HIV and listened to the personalized tape did not have an increased sense of personal risk after being exposed to the tape, and subsequently did not make significant changes in their current behaviors and future intentions. It is, however, hoped that the results of this study might provide a foundation for future research and aid in the design of effective AIDS prevention programs for college students.
The Effect of Order Upon a Selected Measure of Human Strength
Authors:   , Morris Harold
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of order (five trials a day, for three successive days) upon the measurement of strength of the right wrist palmar flexion muscles of male college students. Thirty-one male college students enrolled at Fort Hays Kansas State College served as subjects for this investigation. Subjects were chosen who could meet with the investigator on three successive mornings and who could comply with the requirements of the investigation. Experimental equipment was constructed to hold the right forearm of the subject being tested horizontally at a ninety degree angle to the cable which passed through the cable-tensiometer, the measurement instrument. Subjects were instructed to pull until they felt they had exerted their maximal strength and to then relax. A one minute rest period between each of the five trials was permitted. An attempt was made to measure each subject at the same time on each experimental day. The F and subsequent t-tests found day three to be significantly greater than day one. Trials three, four, and five were found to be significantly less than trial one and trial five was found to be significantly less than trial two. On the basis of the data and within the limitations of this study the following conclusions seem warranted: 1. A significant increase in strength between day one and day three was observed. 2. A significant decrease between Trial I and trials III, IV, and V and a significant decrease between trial II and trial V was observed. 3. The significant daily increase between day one and day three might be attributed to strength development, learning, or a combination of strength development and learning.
A Study of Dental Fluorosis In The Vicinity of La Crosse, Kansas
Authors:   , Ritter Harold
Published: February 2023

It was the purpose of this study: (1) to compare the teeth of the endemic area to those of a control group; (2) to show the relationship of natural waters containing from .1 to 3.6 ppm of fluorine; and (3) to illustrate that if the same study is made in future years, with all data being the same, that any set of repetitional data will give the same results.
Albee's Martha and Kesey's Big Nurse : Two Studies in Illusion, Female Dominance, and Oedipal Conflict
Authors:   , Leonard Nadean
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to approach two works from the literature of the 1960's from a psychoanalytic point of view: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? by Edward Albee and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey. Both works contain a framework of illusion versus reality and a domineering, castrating woman, portrayed as \wolf,\ who causes the men whom she dominates to become weak, submissive, and impotent. The four sections of this study are an introduction containing aspects of psychoanalytic theory and symbolism relevant to the works, an explication of the drama Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? , an explication of the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, and a summary comparing and contrasting the two works. Martha, in Albee's play , is dissatisfied with her husband, George, because he does not measure up to the father toward whom she still feels an Oedipal attachment; because of George's failure, she projects him in to the role of a son in fantasy and drives him to impotence. Big Nurse, in Kesey's novel, dominates the patients in her charge as Martha dominates George; her position is challenged by the masculine vigor of McMurphy, who brings new vitality to many of the other patients although he himself is forced by Big Nurse to undergo the symbolic castration of a lobotomy.
Paintings-Drawings-Prints : Graduate Catalog
Authors:   , Taylor Warren
Published: February 2023

Light, as it reveals structure, color, and texture, has provided me with a vast range of ideas. The central core of these ideas is this: a strongly directed light, revealing a defined object and casting a related shadow. These works contain a fascination with the same triangular relationship.
Biogeographical Relationship of the Plains Pocket Gopher (Geomys Busarius) and the Yellow-Faced Pocket Gopher (Cratogeomys Castanops) in Kansas
Authors:   , Hoffman Justin
Published: February 2023

Research on North American pocket gophers has revealed that their geographic ranges tend to be allopatric. Competition and habitat selection presumably are responsible for allopatry of several mammalian species. MOSI of what is know all about the causes of allopatry in pocket gophers is based on research conducted in Colorado and New Mexico. That research concluded that when two or more pocket gopher species occur together, they maintained disjunct distributions and possess different habitat requirements. In Kansas, the distributions of two species of pocket gophers, Geomys bursarius and Cratogeomys castanops overlap. Geomys bursarius reportedly is a habitat specialist that occurs in disturbed areas and sandy soils, whereas C. castanops is a soil generalist that occurs in a wide range of soil texture but is restricted to undisturbed native shortgrass prairies. The objectives of my study were to ascertain the current distribution of C. castanops in Kansas, to determine whether its distribution has diminished since it was last mapped in 1971, to document whether C castanops and G hursarius are sympatric in Kansas, to investigate which factors might be influencing the distributions of these two species, and to evaluate whether competition or habitat selection is more important in determining the geographic relationship between C. castanops and G. bursanius in Kansas. I trapped pocket gophers across west-central Kansas and collected soil texture and land cover data. I used ArcView 3.2 to map pocket gopher distributions as well as soil texture and land cover data in the potential home ranges of the pocket gophers. I also investigated the potential causes of large areas where no pocket gophers occurred. I found that, although the geographic ranges of the two species overlap, there were no instances of sympatry. Therefore, I defined their distributions as parapatric. My results showed differences in soil texture preference both at the capture locality and within the potential home range: however, the presence or absence of disturbance in an area is not a good indicator of pocket gopher occurrence. Unoccupied areas within the study area are characterized by soil texture and land use practices that are not conducive to pocket gopher occurrence. I conclude that G. bursarius and C. castanops currently are not competing because they are not sympatric. However, past competition between G. bursarius and C. castanops might have resulted in the observed differences in habitat selection.
Parental Perceptions of Children's Adjustment to Divorce: Custodial Parents Versus Noncustodial Parents
Authors:   , Meier Patrick
Published: February 2023

This paper provides an extensive literature review regarding the effects of divorce on children. The stages of divorce, as well as the factors which influence post divorce development are discussed. However, there is little research available which evaluates parents’ perceptions of the effect s of divorce on children. This study also serves to add to that limited body of existing research. The sample consisted of 50 parents, 25 custodial and 25 noncustodial, and were selected from southwestern Kansas communities. The criterion for involvement in the study were: Parents who had undergone a divorce within the last 5 years; had a child ranging in age from six to twelve; were either the custodial parent or the noncustodial parent and lived within a radius of 60 miles from the custodial parent, and were willing to complete a Perception of Divorce Impact Questionnaire (PODI). The 15 subscale areas of the PODI and the demographic information developed on each respondent all owed comparisons to be made to determine if non custodial parents' perceptions of the effects of divorce were different than custodial parents. The analysis revealed that the Custodial (CPI group and the Noncustodial (NPI group were cohesive. The response patterns on the PODI discriminated between the two groups which allowed the classification of a case with a group which it most closely resembles. The accuracy of predicting the correct group, based on the response pattern on the Perception of Divorce Impact questionnaire was 70%. Although comparisons involving the CP and NP groups did not yield significant results, this study implied a tendency of noncustodial parents, in comparison to custodial parents, to underestimate the effects of divorce on children. Related research areas were also discussed.
The Relationship Between Religiosity and Beliefs About Effectiveness of Clinical Psychotherapy
Authors:   , Peavey Christopher
Published: February 2023

Very little research has explored the relationship between religiosity and beliefs about eh effectiveness of secular psychotherapy. Sue and Sue (2003) explored the relationship between religiosity and help seeking behaviors, but did not address specifically beliefs about psychotherapy. The current study examined the possible correlations between beliefs about the effectiveness of secular therapy and several facets of religiosity using a series of self-report questionnaires. The sample consisted of 80 undergraduate psychology students from Fort Hays State University, and contained 25 males and 55 females. No significant correlations were discovered. In addition, a clinical scenario was used to measure the relationship between religiosity and desire for religious content in therapy, Six of the religiosity variable (creedal Assent, Devotionalism, Organizational Activity, Growth and Striving, Intrinsic, and Orthodoxy) significantly correlated with desire for religious content (p< .05). In addition, significant differences were found between Catholic and Protestant subsample son several religiosity instruments. Potential methods for making secular psychotherapy more palatable to those who are less likely to utilize it due to religious reasons are discussed.
Significance of Texture in Ceramic Design
Authors:   , Von Lintel Enola
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to explore the significance of texture in creating ceramic form. In order to make texture an important part of the ceramic form, it is necessary to allow the form to suggest the kind of texture to be applied. The intent was to explore the effect of texture upon ceramic form, though it must be understood that throughout the study this exploration of surface accompanied a continuing search for significant, personal form. It was this desire to expand the realm of ceramic ideas which resulted in an intensive search for new ceramic surfaces.
Extremely Human
Authors:   , Johnson Dan
Published: February 2023

A collection of human portraits.
Effects of Artificial Lawns on Steer Foraging Behavior
Authors:   , Leiker James
Published: February 2023

In grasslands, traditional grazing management aims to utilize the landscape uniformly by homogenizing grazing patterns to evenly utilize available forage. However, livestock selectively graze rangeland based on feedback controls received primarily from the vegetation. As a result, cattle will return to grate these areas repeatedly because of the new, nutrient rich regrowth of the forage species. Research has documented that steers will alter foraging behavior in response to positive foraging feedbacks received from young, succulent vegetation inside burned patches initiated during the early grazing season. Other research has documented that early intensive grazing limits the use of patches by creating higher probability that steers will randomly graze any point on the landscape. This project was conducted to assess if steers would utilize artificial lawns created by mowing prior to steer stocking and if stocking density, size of the lawns, and distance from water source influenced the utilization of the lawns. Plot -sized artificial lawns were created February 2006 at the Agricultural Research Center-Hays in western Kansas on native mixed grass rangeland. Two stocking densities, season long stocking (SLS) and an intensive early stocking (IES) with extra steers removed midway through the grazing season matching SLS rates were used for comparison. Two other variables, distance from water source and size of artificial lawns were also examined. Each treatment consisted of seven randomly placed lawns in underutilized areas. Lawns were of three sizes, and distance from water was classified as either near or far. Exclosures were located between replicates in each treatment for forage disk calibration. Forage disk resting height measures were taken in the artificial lawns on four sampling dates during the 2006 grazing season. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) (Wilks' Lambda) indicated difference in estimated biomass of the artificial lawns between stocking treatment (P < 0.001) and distance from water (P = 0.001). One period between sampling dates (July-August) also differed (P < 0.00]). Size of lawn had no effect on remaining lawn biomass at the end of season or between sampling dates. Biomass remaining in the lawns compared to end of season production inside each enclosure also differed (P < 0.001). My study indicated that landscape patches created artificially by mowing attracted steers to graze. Throughout the season steers repeatedly returned to graze patches. Thus by doing so, they maintained patch size and shape, and in some cases connected patches. Data indicated that artificial lawns might be utilized to disperse grazing in areas where grazing had not previously occurred. The IES and SLS treatments both maintained artificial lawns; however, the IES system removed most of the forage in the lawns early in the grazing season whereas the SLS system maintained forage removal at a consistent rate throughout the grazing season.
Nongeographic Variation and Covariation of Electrophoretic and Morphometric Patterns in Peromyscus Leucopus
Authors:   , Tolliver Deanna
Published: February 2023

Morphometric and electrophoretic variation within and among adjacent demes of Peromyscus leucopus were assessed. Seven samples from five demes, located in Russell County, Kansas, were used in analyses of spatial and temporal variation. Morphometric results revealed little difference among demes or from one year to the next. Results from analyses of allelic frequencies were similar, but exhibited greater variation than those from morphometric characters. There was no congruence between the two data sets. These results show evidence of either gene flow among demes or similar selective pressures on all demes, or both. Both explanations are likely because there were no insurmountable barriers to dispersal among demes and all demes were within three miles of each other, precluding any significant environmental differences. The apparent lack of correlation between the two data sets might be due to the insensitivity of current statistical methods employed. An alternate explanation, however, is that the metabolic enzymes used in the electrophoretic analyses are either independent of, or only a part of, the gene complex or complexes involved in the phenotypic expression of the morphological characters examined in this study.
The Impact of Planting Season and Crop Residue on Germination, Reproductive Success, and Mass of Native Forbs
Authors:   , VonLintel Michaela
Published: February 2023

The lack of biodiversity in prairie restorations compared to native prairies is alarming, and restoring this diversity has been a key focus of research and restoration projects for years. This study aims to assess two variables: planting season and plant residue, for achieving success in forb establishment. This research was conducted in a greenhouse using mesocosms that were seeded in spring, summer, and fall with nine forb species. Half of each seasonal treatment received ground cover, while the other half did not. Two hypotheses were formed. The first was that the fall planting will be the most successful seasonal treatment having the best germination rates, reproductive successes, and above-ground biomass. The second was that the ground cover treatments will perform significantly better than those without in germination, reproductive success, and biomass. The spring treatment performed the best having the greatest germination, reproductive success, and biomass, followed by the summer treatment, with the fall planting period performing the worst, which did not support my first hypothesis. The treatments receiving ground cover performed better than those without it, supporting my second hypothesis. The interaction showed ground cover's impact on the plant performance each season. The analysis also showed a statistically significant interaction between planting season and litter for the number of plants that emerged. This was not detected for the number of plants that reached their reproductive life stage or biomass. With the dwindling prairie distribution, this research allowed our team to make recommendations to increase diversity and expand pollinator habitat in shortgrass prairies in a changing climate.
Tribes and Totems
Authors:   , Oiler Dorilou
Published: February 2023

The images that I create are of primitive nature. The history of art, the evolution of clay, human and animal nature, have always fascinated me. Ancient cultures and their art, specifically the cultures of Africa, Polynesia and Native America, inspire me. There is a mysterious quality about primitive art. Why did tribes create images? Fertility symbols, icons, ceremonial pieces, did these serve specific purposes? Was art made to satisfy a creative need?
Detection and Delineation of a Dispersed Chloride Plume in Russell County, Kansas
Authors:   , Moses Roger
Published: February 2023

In April of 1996, a visual inspection of a suspect brine spill site led to an electrical conductivity survey in order to detect and delineate a chloride plume in the S 1/2 Section 1, T14S, R15W in west-central Russell County, 45 miles east of Gorham, Kansas. On this ½ section 32 wells were drilled in the search for oil. As oil is produced, salt water (brine) is encountered, which needs to be disposed of. In the 1930s through early 1960s, pumping the brine into evaporation ponds seemed to be the solution; however, this method only dealt with the liquid, not the solids (salt crystals). Disposal wells were used to inject brine back into the deep authorized zones below the aquifers; however, spilled brine percolated through the earthen ponds into the shallow subsurface, rendering cropland useless and contaminating ground water. When the area is modeled, electrical conductivity data reveal high conductivity values where brine contamination occurs. The central region of the study area exhibits these high-conductivity, contaminated zones that can be attributed to brine spillage. It appears that the contaminant plume is concentrated around the anthropogenic surface oil features and is migrating to the south.
Efficacy of Non-Lethal Molecular Methods in Elucidating Distribution of Gray Treefrog Complex (Hyla chrysoscelis/versicolor) in Kansas
Authors:   , Lazerus Nora
Published: February 2023

Globally, amphibians are the most imperiled vertebrate taxa in part because they rely on both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Specifically, their permeable skin makes them uniquely susceptible to habitat degradation and alteration. Cope’s Gray Treefrog (Hyla chrysoscelis) and the Gray Treefrog (Hyla versicolor) are a diploid-tetraploid, morphologically indistinguishable sister pair of cryptic anurans native to Kansas. Since 1987, the distribution of gray treefrogs in Kanas has extended west but the status of each species in the complex in Kansas is not known beyond its documented combined western expansion. Currently, species identification cannot be determined by nonlethal techniques. Consequently, which species or if species remain in sympatry across the expanding range has not been determined. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to determine 1) the updated range distribution for both species that comprise the gray treefrog complex in Kansas, 2) to determine if mitochondrial DNA can be used to distinguish the two species in the complex, and 3) establish a non-invasive sampling technique that can be useful in future studies of amphibian populations. Results of this study indicate cytochrome b was not a useful molecular marker to distinguish between the two species in the gray treefrog complex. Consequently, the status of individual species distributions remains unknown. Buccal swabs were effective for collection of mtDNA even when stored at room temperature for up to a week.
Selected Variables and College Achievement
Authors:   , Glenn Robert
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate selected variables and college achievement. The independent variables investigated were: size of high school, father’s formal education, mother’s formal education, college extracurricular activities, race, family structure, and social status. The dependent variable was college grade point average. The sample consisted of 74 females and 57 males. Five composite null hypotheses were tested, employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 21 comparisons were made. Of the 21 comparisons, 7 were for main effects and 14 were for interactions. Of the 7 main effects, 3 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The following main effects were statistically significant: 1. College extracurricular activities for the dependent variable GPA, 2. Mother’s formal education for the dependent variable GPA, and 3. Social status for the dependent variable GPA. Of the 14 interactions, 4 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The following interactions were statistically significant: 1. Father’s formal education and college extracurricular activities, 2. Father’s formal education, mother’s formal education, and college extracurricular activities, 3. Father’s formal education and race, and 4. Size of high school and family structure. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Social status is associated with college achievement, and 2. Interactions for father’s formal education and college extracurricular activities; father’s formal education, mother’s formal education, and college extracurricular activities; father’s formal education and race; and size of high school and family structure.
The Effects of Temperature Upon a Learning Task Involving the Perception of Time in the Albino Rat
Authors:   , Cream Bertram
Published: February 2023

The hypothesis for this experiment is about the ability of rats to learn a task involving time discrimination and delay under two different environmental temperatures, (low and high). Sams (1925), Anderson, (1932) and Kurdoda (1936), have demonstrated the ability of the rat to learn and effectively solve goal box discrimination problems with a time delay. Estimation of pure time intervals has not been reported for rats, although much work has been done using human subjects (Gilliland, 1940, 1946). Much work has also been done on learning under various environmental temperature levels (Hellmer, 1943, and Moore, 1944), but no research has been found which combines the areas of time discrimination, learning and the perception of time. This is what we intend to do.
Buck Fever : An Initial Study
Authors:   , Lindsley Stephen
Published: February 2023

This study attempted to determine the percentage of deer hunters who have experienced buck fever. Also investigated was the influence of seven variables associated with buck fever. Two hundred male and fifty female deer hunters were surveyed with the use of a questionnaire. Questions were designed to elicit information about their deer hunting experiences and in depth questioning of any buck fever episodes. The return rate of the survey was 40.5% for the males and 30.0% for the females. The results suggest that 67.9% of the male deer hunters have experienced buck fever, or symptoms that could be termed buck fever. Of importance was the emergence of a third group of hunters who reported not having buck fever yet reported having many or the symptoms. Several variables, long associated with buck fever, did not prove to have the influence as they were once assumed to have. Findings suggest the significant difference between the two groups was the emotional makeup of the hunters themselves.
Isaac McCoy : His Plan of and Work For Indian Colonization.
Authors:   , Lyons Emory
Published: February 2023

Several books and articles have been written concerning Isaac McCoy, but as far as I am able to find out there has been no book, article, or research paper written on the plan of Indian colonization that originated with McCoy, and his work for the fulfillment of that plan.
Nurse Satisfaction with Work in Rural Hospitals
Authors:   , Morgan Christine
Published: February 2023

Nursing job satisfaction is an important component in today's healthcare environment. Job satisfaction, nurse recruitment, and retention are related throughout current nursing literature (LaSala, 2000; Muus et at, 1993; Stratton et al., 1991; Stratton et al., 1995). Most studies regarding nurse job satisfaction focus on the urban rather than rural healthcare environment. Nurses who practice in rural environments may perceive job satisfaction differently than nurses who practice in urban settings (Cavanagh, 1992; Muus et al., 1993; Pan et al., 1995; Price & Mueller, 1981). The purpose of this investigation was to determine the level of satisfaction and examine what employment and demographic factors influence job satisfaction of registered nurses working in rural hospital settings. A nonexperimental, descriptive design was used to explore the variables. The sample (N = 53) was derived from a population of 106 registered nurses working in four rural hospitals (less than 100 beds) located in the Midwest Herzberg's (1966) Two-Factor Theory of Management served well as the theoretical framework for this investigation. Herzberg's motivators are associated with increased job satisfaction. Herzberg identified motivators as achievement, recognition, work, responsibility, and advancement. To determine nurses' level of satisfaction, Stamps' (1997) Index of Work Satisfaction scale was used, Stamps identified six components of job satisfaction; these are autonomy, pay, task requirements, interaction, organizational policies, and professional status. The nurses' demographic data and variables of job satisfaction were examined to determine if a relationship existed. The most important variables relating to job satisfaction were identified as autonomy and pay. Professional status was identified as the least important component of job satisfaction. The overall Index of Work Satisfaction (IWS) scale was 11 .2 (range 0.9 - 37.1). Analysis of variance techniques were used to analyze the relationship between the components of job satisfaction and the nurses' demographic data. Results indicated no statistically significant relationship existed among the variables. This investigation was limited by the use of a convenience sample and limited geographical area. Additional research was recommended to further examine the concept of nursing job satisfaction using rural hospitals outside the Midwest area. Another recommendation was the inclusion of nurses who have left the rural healthcare selling. The ability to identify and isolate particular factors of job satisfaction is of importance to today's hospital and nursing administrators. Creating and maintaining a sense of job satisfaction for a nursing staff can contribute to increased recruitment, retention, and productivity.
Resilience, Optimism, and Meaning
Authors:   , William Amanda
Published: February 2023

Research was conducted using 124 female college students and 50 male college students from a small, Midwestern university. The present study was conducted to look at the relations among the concepts of resilience, optimism and meaning. Each of the 174 participants completed five questionnaires: Life Orientation Test-Revised, Attributional Style Questionnaire, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report and a demographics questionnaire. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression showed that dispositional optimism, explanatory style optimism, and meaning do significantly explain variance accounted for in resilience with each adding something over and beyond the other variables. Both measures of optimism, the LOT-R and ASQ, significantly correlated with resilience. What was not predicted was that the presence of meaning would have a negative correlation with resilience. Additionally, dispositional optimism and explanatory style optimism were found to negatively correlate with having meaning.
Through A Child's Eye: Illustration in Children's Literature
Authors:   , Jolliffe Laurie
Published: February 2023

During my graduate studies, I have explored several areas of graphic design, using a variety of mediums to best portray my ideas. The highest priority in graphic design is communication. In order that I might achieve this high level of communication and continue to work in the mediums that I feel most comfortable experimenting with, I chose children’s literature as a device to best demonstrate my artistic thoughts.
Career Maturity of Undergraduate Students According to Gender, Grade Point Average, Classification, Extracurricular Activity Level and Academic Major Changes
Authors:   , Skelly Mary
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate career maturity in undergraduate college students. The following independent variables were investigated: gender, GPA, classification, extracurricular activity level, and academic major changes. The dependent variable was scores from the Attitude Scale of the Career Maturity Inventory, Screening Form A- 2. A status survey factorial and single- factor designs were employed. Four composite null hypotheses and two single-factor null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level of statistical significance. A total of 16 comparisons plus 14 recurring were made. Of the 16 comparisons, 6 were main effects. Of the 6 main effects, 1 was statistically significant at the .05 level. The significant main effect was for gender. The results indicated females had a larger mean career maturity score than males. Of the 16 comparisons, 10 were interactions. None of the interactions was statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. college females have greater career maturity than college males; 2. no significant association exists between college grade point average (GPA) and career maturity; 3. no association between undergraduate classification and career maturity; 4. no association between extracurricular activity level and career maturity, and 5. no association exists between number of academic major changes and career maturity.
Small Mammal Ecology in a Relict Grassland in West-Central Kansas
Authors:   , Stroh James
Published: February 2023

The extent of competition between deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus, and western harvest mice, Reitbrodontomys megalotis, was assessed by a species removal experiment conducted on a relict grassland in Ellis County, Kansas. Vegetation was sampled to determine microhabitats. There was no indication of ecological release for either species when mouse densities were manipulated. Vegetational analysis revealed significant differences in microhabitats utilized by the two species.
Education and The State Superintendent of Public Instruction In Kansas
Authors:   , Landwehr Mary
Published: February 2023

One of the most important and common features of the school systems of the several states is the office of State Superintendent of Public Instruction. This study seeks to show the conditions pertaining to the office and particularly to present these conditions as reflected by current legislation in Kansas.
An Empirical Analysis of the Relation Between Moral Development and Religious Orientation
Authors:   , Naylor Janett
Published: February 2023

The relation between moral development and religious orientation was examined. The three levels of Kohlberg's theory of moral development (Preconventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional) were examined in relation to the three dimensions of religious orientation (Extrinsic, Intrinsic, and Quest) proposed by Balson, Schoenrade, and Ventis (1993). It was first hypothesized that the Extrinsic Orientation would be correlated negatively with both the Quest and Intrinsic orientations to support the theoretical assumptions made by Batson, Schoenrade, and Ventis (1993). The other hypotheses examined specific relationships between moral development, as measured by the Defining Issues Test and religious orientation, as measured by the Religious Life Inventory. Results only partially supported the hypotheses because an unexpected positive relation between the Extrinsic and Quest orientations was found. The three religious dimensions were not found to correlate according to theory. Results suggested much overlap in both definition and measurement of the three orientations indicating that the three dimensions were not separate constructs. Theoretical implications showed that the definitions of the Extrinsic, Intrinsic, and Quest orientations were not accurate for this specific sample. Suggestions for future research included reexamining the definitions of Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Quest orientations as well as restructuring of the measurement of religious orientation.
Quantitative Geomorphology of the North Fork Big Creek Drainage Basin, Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Turner Matthew
Published: February 2023

In order to study the quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins, 3 fourth-order basins were delineated within the North Fork Big Creek drainage basin in Ellis County, Kansas. The three basins, labeled A, B, and C, were selected due to the varying lithology and possible stages of erosional development present in each basin. Various parameters of quantitative geomorphology were used for the comparison of the three basins. These parameters include percent unconsumed upland, drainage basin area, drainage basin perimeter, length of overland flow, stream length, drainage density, texture ratio, stream frequency, constant of channel maintenance, stream gradient, relief ratio, stream length ratio, basin circularity, elongation ratio, form factor F, shape S, angles of junction, angles of bifurcation and bifurcation ratio. The majority of the parameters measured showed that basin C, which exhibits the most advanced erosional development of the three basins, has youthful characteristics. One explanation for the youthfulness of this basin is to use the theory of rejuvenation postulated by Davis (1899). Basin A and B appear to have normal erosional development.
Nesting Success and Relative Abundance of the Lark Bunting (Calamospizo Melanocorys) in Disturbed and Undisturbed Habitats near the Periphery of its Breeding Range
Authors:   , Wilson Jerry
Published: February 2023

The objectives of this study were threefold: 1) to determine whether buntings prefer cultivated areas or native grassland for nest sites; 2) to determine whether nests destroyed by agricultural practices result in renesting in \safer\ habitats (such as grassland); and 3) to elucidate the life history of this species near the periphery of its breeding range. Preferred nesting habitat was milo stubble (grain sorghum), with 54 of 83 nests (65.1%), followed by native prairie (20.5%), alfalfa (8.4%), and planted grass (6.0%). Clutch size (70 nests) averaged 4.8 eggs per nest. Females did most (84.3%) of the incubation. Overall nesting success was low (20.5%), and was highest in alfalfa, followed by native prairie, milo stubble, and planted grass. Preparation of fields for planting, predation, and human disturbance were major reasons for nest failures. Productivity was highest in alfalfa, followed by milo stubble, native prairie, and planted grass. Cowbird parasitism occurred in 20.8 per cent of the nests used for analysis. Only one nest was successful and no cowbirds fledged. Parasitism rates were slightly greater in stubble than in grassland. Local abundance fell below the 7-year recorded average. Attempts to correlate abundance with precipitation totals proved inconclusive. No evidence of renesting was found.
Australian Bird Drawings
Authors:   , Dougherty Thomas
Published: February 2023

In searching for a vehicle to express my artistic statement I chose an adapted version of an Australian bird. A little color, some expressive line, and proper placement creates an image in which I enjoy discovering over and over again. By repeating the same bird in my thesis work, I felt free to explore one theme to its natural conclusion. This freedom led me in some unexpected directions which included mixed media on paper, collage, porcelain, and bisque fired stoneware. Drawing on clay added an extra dimension to my present work, and will have as much emphasis as drawing on paper in the near future.
The Relationship of Eighth Grade Pupil Achievement To Teacher Preparation and Experience
Authors:   , Ward Victor
Published: February 2023

Many questions may be raised concerning the relationship in achievement that lies between the pupil on the one hand and the experience and training of the teacher on the other. Parents, school officials, and others interested in the efficiency of schools have raised such questions as these, \does teacher preparation and experience materially effect pupil achievement\ or, “does the standardization of a school have an effect upon pupil achievement?” Answers pro and con are to be found to these questions, some based upon careful study and inquiry and others on mere subjective opinion. The writer of this thesis has had experience as a teacher at the high school level. This experience most of which was in the field of social science raised questions regarding the relationship 1 of pupil. achievement and teacher preparation and experience. Furthermore this question may be raised as it applies to one school or another, for example, a one-teacher school or an eight grade elementary school. To be more specific, the question of achievement may be tied to a specific subject or to several subjects in these types of schools. Very naturally then out of this experience not only as a teacher but 1 as an administrator as well grew the particular problem of this thesis, which may be stated as follows: The Relationship of Eighth Grade Pupil Achievement to Teacher Preparation and Experience. The problem as stated divides itself into two parts: achievement of eighth grade pupils in history and geography (2) teacher preparation and experience.
Child Labor in Kansas.
Authors:   , Cape William
Published: February 2023

The problem of child labor in Kansas is being recognized more and more by the people and by the legislature . Child labor has never assumed formidable proportions in this state, however young people need protection regardless of the number employed. This particular age group has never been a great employment problem, perhaps the principal reason being t hat Kansas is primarily an agricultural state . The possibilities that t he stat e will become an industrial and manufacturing 'stat e are excellent and such a change would, no doubt, bring an increase in the number of children employed unless the group is protected by federal and state laws .
The Depiction of the Human Form in Drawing
Authors:   , Hefty Ann
Published: February 2023

The human form has been a basic subject matter in art since the earliest artists. The figure, no matter how it is presented, can add impact to a work of art by adding the human element, the visual representation with which the artist and the viewer may immediately identify. The figure has been depicted in uncountable ways, from the exact realism of Andrew Wyeth to the extreme abstraction of Jillem De Kooning. This artist works with the figure that is neither greatly abstracted nor exactly represented. The intent of the drawing is not an imitation of the appearance of an individual, but is more an interpretation of that person. The drawings are representational, yet personal. Concern with the subject matter is balanced by a sensitivity to mood. Each person has his own individual character. Details are carefully selected to suit the qualities of each person. Most characters are unpleasant and unsettling, each in his own way. Others are humorous yet at the same time, pathetic. The characters seem almost like someone in a real situation, yet his surroundings are flat and lifeless. The drawings have the qualities of what might be called a subtle surrealism. The characters depicted are motionless and static, as though they are fixed in a still, unmoving space; caught in a moment of time. This quality which is so unlike the definite mobility of our experience produces a character belonging to another world.
Continual Passage Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis In Subinhibitory Levels Of The Biocide Triclosan Results In A Marked Increase In The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Antibiotic Resistance, And Ethidium Bromide Resistance
Authors:   , Moore William
Published: February 2023

Triclosan is a multi-purpose biocide that is used in many personal care products, including antibacterial hand soaps and toothpastes. The wide usage of triclosan fosters its dispersal into the enviro11l11ent, which might contribute to the ability of microorganisms to become resistant to triclosan in addition to certain other biocides and clinical antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether long-term exposure of two strains of Staphylococcal epide]'midis to subinhibitory concentrations of triclosan would select for resistant mutants, and whether their ability to form polysaccharide biofilms lends to this resistance. This study also aimed to determine whether a mutation in the triclosan target was responsible for resistance, and to determine whether these mutants could exhibit cross-resistance to chlorhexidine and clinical antibiotics. In addition, efflux capability was assessed as a presumable resistance mechanism.
College Academic Achievement
Authors:   , Reed-Leonelli Suzanne
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate college academic achievement. The independent variables were: gender, college classification, participation in college extracurricular activities, socio-economic status, ethnic heritage, and living environment. The dependent variable was college grade point average. The Covariant variable was composite American College Test scores as Covariant measures. The sample consisted of 108 students living in Residence Halls and 88 students living in Greek housing. A total of 6 comparisons were made employing one-way analysis of covariance. None of the comparisons was statistically significant at the .05 level. All 6 of the null hypotheses were retained. The results of the present study indicated after grade point average values were adjusted by American College Test composite scores there was no association between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The results also indicated after adjusting by American College Test composite scores a single population of grade point average values. The mathematical assumption of homogeneity of regression was met for comparisons gender, college classification, participation in college extracurricular activities, socioeconomic status, and not met for ethnic heritage and living environment. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. gender is not associated with college academic achievement, 2. college classification is not associated with college academic achievement, 3. participation in college extracurricular activities is not associated with academic achievement. 4. ethnic heritage is not associated with college academic achievement. 5. socio-economic status is not associated with college academic achievement, and 6. living environment is not associated with college academic achievement.