bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collective Choice May Tell Nothing About Anyone’s Individual Preferences
Authors: Chen Muye , Regenwetter Michel , Davis-Stober Clintin P.
Published: December 2020

As has been known for over a century, aggregated preferences of a group may bear little or no similarity to the preference of any single individual, regardless of the aggregation method. Yet, it remains routine to fit or test theories of individual decision making on pooled data, and it remains routine to cast theories of individual decision making at the aggregate level. This mindset may have disastrous policy and business implications. A population of individuals who all satisfy one theory may behave collectively as though they satisfied a competing theory. A collection of individuals satisfying a given theory may collectively satisfy a version of the same theory with qualitatively different scientific or decision analytic implications. Because the resulting artifacts apply at the population level, replications, large samples, and high-quality data can do nothing to detect or repair them.
Kaizen Events at the University of St. Thomas: Experiential Learning for Students
Authors: Sanders Jones Janine , Olson John R. , Southard Peter
Published: December 2020

This paper describes how the Operations and Supply Chain Management Department at the University of St. Thomas uses kaizen events as a vehicle to integrate undergraduate and professional programs with local area organizations. A unique business collaboration was created where the faculty members led an actual lean kaizen event at a local organization. Project team members included lead and support faculty, undergraduate students, professional certification students, and company representatives. In a one-week intensive experience, teams addressed real issues at a local organization and implemented changes that had positive impacts on the student learning experience and the bottom lines of the participating organizations. This paper discusses how to conduct a kaizen event student project as well as challenges and benefits related to this approach.
PROJETO DE LETRAMENTO: CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA UMA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Lessa
Published: December 2020

Este artigo surgiu da necessidade de desenvolver uma proposta didática de ensino de escrita para alunos de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) da rede municipal de ensino do Rio de Janeiro. Sabe-se que o domínio das habilidades de leitura e, principalmente, de escrita, é necessário para viabilizar o desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional do educando. Crucial é que se consiga, por meio de um projeto de letramento, tornar esse alunado proficiente na leitura e na produção escrita de distintos gêneros discursivos; explorando, assim, o uso social da língua. Dessa forma, garante-se uma aprendizagem que faça sentido para o discente e contribui-se para que, em diversas atividades escolares ou extraescolares, ele esteja apto a fazer adequado uso dos mais diferentes gêneros textuais. Pretende–se, portanto, contribuir para um embasado e consciente ensino-aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa com foco na construção de um cidadão crítico, autônomo e competente no uso do Português.
VARIAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA E ENSINO NOS DOCUMENTOS OFICIAIS
Authors: Rocha Claudia Moura da
Published: December 2020

A variação linguística é um fenômeno intrínseco às línguas. No entanto, existe uma espécie de consenso entre estudiosos e educadores de que ela não é abordada adequadamente no ensino de Língua Portuguesa. Nosso objetivo é refletir sobre a temática, verificando como a abordagem da variação linguística vem sendo implementada no ensino de língua materna. Para tal, neste artigo, realizamos uma análise comparativa de dois documentos oficiais, os PCN e a BNCC, que são responsáveis por nortear a formulação de currículos e de livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa.
REGÊNCIA VERBAL: NORMAS E USOS NO ENSINO DA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Câmara Tania Maria Nunes de Lima , Santos Denise Salim
Published: December 2020

Considerando a realidade brasileira, é de grande relevância o estudo da variação linguística existente, que decorre de fatores de diferentes naturezas, tais como geográficos, sociais e situacionais. Cabe salientar que tais variações ocorrem em todos os campos da língua: o fonético-fonológico, o lexical, o sintático e o semântico. Ainda que cada uma dessas variações cumpra o papel que lhes cabe em termos de interação social, é importante destacar a importância que o conhecimento da variante padrão desempenha em uma sociedade letrada. O domínio dessa variante garante o livre acesso aos bens culturais, permitindo-lhes ação mais efetiva na transformação da comunidade linguística em que se inserem. O presente artigo tem como foco o campo da sintaxe, mais especificamente, a sintaxe da regência verbal, no qual se prioriza o estudo dos verbos transitivos. O estudo da sintaxe de uma língua ultrapassa, e muito, o conhecimento de nomenclaturas adequadas à classificação de termos, orações e conectores; ao contrário, o conhecimento da sintaxe de uma língua permite que seus usuários aprimorem a capacidade de leitura e de produção de textos. Efetiva, portanto, o desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa, que evolve a gramatical e a textual. O tema em pauta visa a analisar o desempenho lingüístico de 53 alunos concluintes do Ensino médio frente à produção de enunciados em que lhes é solicitada o emprego de verbos que, segundo os padrões da gramática tradicional, são regidos por preposições específicas. Como fundamentação teórica, recorremos, entre outros estudiosos, a Bechara (2009), Azeredo (2008), Castilho (2012) e Neves (2000).
QUESTÕES DE VARIAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR
Authors: Abreu Maria Teresa Tedesco Vilardo
Published: December 2020

: Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a questão da avaliação no contexto da sala de aula básica. Imputa-se como fundamental o ensino de língua materna na perspectiva variacionista porque, considerando a visão funcionalista da língua, especificamente a Teoria da Variação, entende-se que a língua é heterogênea. Há de se pensar, entretanto, em dois pontos importantes: (i) que abordagens variacionistas têm sido feitas na escola. (ii) que concepção, de fato, vige, em relação à variação na visão dos docentes. Para tanto, pretende-se apresentar, em primeiro plano, a teoria da variação, postulada por Labov; a seguir, pretende-se apresentar a perspectiva de variação prevalente na matriz de língua portuguesa concernentes à avaliação de larga escala, o SAEB/PROVA BRASIL. Por fim, pretende-se verificar o respectivo fenômeno em textos produzidos por estudantes da escola básica, a fim de propor caminhos metodológicos alternativos para o ensino de língua materna.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA PARA O ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS PARA SURDOS
Authors: Oliveira Alzenira Aquino de , Barbosa Mônica De Gois Silva
Published: December 2020

A Linguística Aplicada (LA) no Brasil vem conquistando espaço e suas inúmeras ramificações demonstram que há uma série de possibilidades que se vislumbram em novos caminhos e novas práticas educativas, pois a LA está presente em todo processo de ensino e aprendizagem, inclusive no meio acadêmico. Assim, de acordo com o contexto educacional, social, político, cultural e identitário da comunidade surda que reivindica o ensino da Língua Portuguesa (LP) como segunda língua na modalidade escrita em todos os níveis educacionais, este estudo que se caracteriza como bibliográfico, tem relevância na medida em que proporciona uma abordagem com perspectivas inovadoras e transgressoras no que se refere ao ensino da LP como segunda língua. Diante desse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma reflexão acerca da prática de ensino da LP como segunda língua para surdos sob o viés de abordagem da LA. Para isso trilhamos inicialmente um caminho de reflexão sobre as concepções da LA, perpassando pela perspectiva de interculturalidade e considerando seu caráter transdisciplinar, tecemos uma breve discussão sobre a aplicabilidade da LA ao ensino de Português para pessoas surdas e abordamos algumas reflexões sobre a peculiaridade da produção escrita dos surdos. Para sua fundamentação, o presente estudo apoia-se em Moita Lopes (2009), (2016); Hooks (2013), Walsh (2009) e Brochado (2003). Com a análise aqui apresentada verifica-se a necessidade de mudanças na prática de ensino de LP para pessoas surdas.
Reflexiones sobre lo destituyente, los movimientos y el poder popular ¿Hacia nuevas formas de subjetivación?
Authors: Lopez Tomás Torres
Published: December 2020

En el presente ensayo buscamos contribuir a una reflexión relativamente reciente que se ha dado en nuestro continente, a saber, la relación entre la capacidad destituyente de los movimientos populares y el poder popular. La necesidad de pensar en relación a estos tres términos es debido al actual escenario Latinoamericano. Las posibilidades de encuentro y desencuentro, como también vías para comprender nuevos espacios de subjetivación.
Hariet Martineau: A Contribuição Esquecida da Primeira Socióloga
Authors: Miguel Lorena
Published: December 2020

Harriet Martineau (1802-1876) é denominada como a “primeira mulher socióloga”. O título, todavia, não resultou em reconhecimento e publicidade devida frente aos trabalhos tão inovadores e importantes que produziu. Por reconhecer esse erro, esse texto procura familiarizar o leitor brasileiro com o trabalho da autora. Abordo aqui principalmente a contribuição trazida por ela em seu livro “How to Observe Morals and Manners” (1838) – possivelmente a primeira obra metodológica da Sociologia.
Uma brasileira ilustre: Nísia Floresta e a luta por liberdade e direitos
Authors: Azevedo Vaneza
Published: December 2020

A obra da escritora brasileira Nísia Floresta fora em grande medida investigada a partir do seu papel enquanto educadora e diretora do Colégio Augusto, relegando-a ao esquecimento no que se refere à história intelectual, e à Literatura de Viagem. Este artigo pretende refletir sobre um de seus relatos de viagem, focalizando na narrativa de sua visita à cidade de Marselha. A análise das correlações entre experiência na Europa e no Brasil – uma constante em seu trabalho - e a ênfase dada, principalmente, às descrições da vida de mulheres compõe a paisagem dos relatos de Nísia, dando-nos um panorama de sua trajetória pessoal e intelectual.
O que é uma mulher? Versões e contraversões do essencialismo feminino
Authors: Guerra Anita
Published: December 2020

Essa pequena cronologia procura apresentar algumas das principais respostas a uma pergunta sempre crucial para o feminismo: o que é uma mulher? Através da seleção de autoras-chave, busco familiarizar as leitoras com diferentes formulações produzidas para essa questão em diferentes tempos (do século XVIII ao XXI) e espaços (da França pós-revolucionária à América Latina do pensamento decolonial).Longe de pretender ser exaustiva, essa breve introdução busca demonstrar que olhar para as mulheres que se encontram fora do padrão branco, eurocêntrico e heterossexual é um movimento crítico dos mais produtivos: ele permite desfazer concepções essencialistas de “mulher” e colabora para a construção de um feminismo que engloba o local, o regional, o racial e o sexual.
O grito de independência das mulheres latino-americanas
Authors: Macêdo Lília Maria
Published: December 2020

As interpretações historiográficas frequentemente ignoram a participação das mulheres nas lutas sociais e políticas. O objetivo deste ensaio é evidenciar o papel feminino nas lutas por independência na América Latina. Para tal, começamos com um breve panorama histórico dos processos conflituosos na região. Em seguida, relatamos casos de experiências de mulheres e suas contribuições às dinâmicas de insurgência. Por fim, discutimos como esses exemplos, fomentados por um olhar feminista sobre a história, enriquecem as visões sobre o passado e a construção de nossas memórias.
mãe! (2017) e o mito da mulher eterna
Authors: Guimarães Lolita
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho discute mãe! de Aronofsky (2017) a partir da perspectiva do Mito e seu potencial de denúncia da História. Eivado de elementos míticos provenientes da tradição bíblica, de contextos literários e orais mesopotâmicos e gregos, e de reformulações contemporâneas de temas da antiguidade, o filme convoca ao questionamento de estereótipos de gênero em torno dos conceitos de ‘mãe’ e de ‘musa’. Aronofsky constrói uma narrativa exemplar, típica dos mitos antigos sobre divindades femininas, mas o faz de maneira a provocar sua ressignificação pela audiência. Desta maneira, como seus interlocutores privilegiados, nos munimos de ferramentas interpretativas com o potencial de recuperar a historicidade e o caráter arbitrário dos discursos antigos e contemporâneos sobre a mulher.
Retomando o debate igualdade vs. diferença a partir de autoras clássicas: um argumento intermediário
Authors: Korus Nicole Midori
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho retoma o debate entre igualdade e diferença a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, sob uma abordagem em que se considera a ambivalência da posição de autoras clássicas. Ao enfatizar a materialidade em seus discursos, buscarei argumentar que essa ambivalência pode ser útil ao feminismo como ferramenta de estratégia retórica, empregada com a finalidade de interpelar as mulheres como grupo social historicamente situado.
É Possível Fazer Ciências Sociais sem uma Análise Crítica das Categorias de Diferenciação? Uma Proposição Feminista
Authors: Padovani Natália Corazza
Published: December 2020

Por meio da retomada de literaturas e temas caros para o feminismo e para as teorias pós-coloniais, o presente ensaio teórico disserta sobre a impossibilidade de fazer Ciências Sociais sem uma análise das categorias de diferenciação e suas interseccionalidades. Ao longo do texto, e com base na revisão de um cabedal crítico aos “universalismos transparentes”, sob os quais repousou (e repousa) parte significativa da produção acadêmica das Ciências Humanas, o ensaio indaga as “fronteiras” que separam corpos e epistemologias, intimidade e política, por meio de violentas assimetrias de poder.
OS LUTOS EM TORNO DO VIH/SIDA: ANÁLISE DO RELATO DE UMA PARTICIPANTE DO DOCUMENTÁRIO POSITIVAS
Authors: Lebrego Arina Marques , Junior Dorivaldo Pantoja Borges , Barros Maria Laídes Pereira
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo geral apresentar os efeitos subjetivos do trabalho de luto relatado por uma mulher vivendo com VIH/Sida e, especificamente, analisar e discutir os principais pontos elucidativos do sofrimento experienciado por ela. A interlocutora do estudo é Ana Paula, participante do documentário Positivas. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa em Psicanálise, selecionando fragmentos do seu relato, que desvelou a vivencia de lutos: pela perda da condição de ser saudável; pelas alterações corporais sofridas; e pela morte de seu filho. O processo de travessia no trabalho de luto transformou angústia e dor frente às perdas em palavras e voz. Pela via da sublimação, a participante interrogou acerca de como os estigmas e preconceitos atravessam a vida das pessoas vivendo com Sida, cabendo a esta mulher um lugar de “ativista” frente à doença e não mais de “expecta-dor(a)”.Palavras-chave: VIH/Sida. Trabalho do luto. Documentário Positivas.Abstract: This article has as general objective to present the subjective effects of the mourning work reported by a woman living with HIV/Aids. The interlocutor of the study is Ana Paula, a participant in the documentary Positives. To this end, a research in Psychoanalysis was developed, selecting fragments of her report, who unveiled the experience of mourning: for the loss of the condition of being healthy; for the bodily alterations suffered; and also for the death of her son. The process of crossing the mourning work transformed anguish and pain in the face of losses in words and voice. Through sublimation, the participant asked about how stigmas and prejudices cross the lives of people living with AIDS, leaving this woman a place of "activist" in face of the disease and no longer an expectant (a).Keywords: HIV/Aids. Mourining’s Work. Documentary Positives.
O EMPREENDEDORISMO SOCIAL NO MERCADO DE CÁLCULO ESTRUTURAL: O CASO DE UMA RESIDÊNCIA UNIFAMILIAR DA CLASSE C
Authors: Mendes Raquel Ferreira , Borin Elaine Cavalcante Peixoto
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar um modelo de negócio social no mercado de cálculo estrutural para residências unifamiliares das classes C, D e E, cujo mercado é majoritariamente marcado pela autoconstrução. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma residência unifamiliar da classe C, por meio do software de dimensionamento estrutural Cypecad. Desse modo, será possível verificar as vantagens que o cálculo estrutural traz para as obras de pequeno porte qualitativamente e quantitativamente. Pretende-se demonstrar com este estudo como é possível ajudar pessoas das classes sociais menos favorecidas a construírem moradias mais seguras, confortáveis e econômicas ao mesmo tempo em que se cria uma oportunidade para engenheiros civis empreenderem. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica em empreendedorismo e cálculo estrutural e um estudo de caso. O resultado demonstrou que, quando se trata de um negócio social na área da construção civil, existem muitas vantagens técnicas garantidas pelo projeto estrutural e que quando a obra é a realizada com o apoio de um projeto, é possível gerar economia e mais segurança nas obras de pequeno porte realizadas pelas classes C, D e E.Palavras-chave: Engenharia Civil. Cálculo estrutural. Empreendedorismo social. Negócios sociais.Abstract: This paper aims to study a social business model in the structural calculation market for classes C, D and E single-family housing, whose market is mostly marked by self-construction. For this, the work carried out a case study in a class C single-family housing, via the structural design software Cypecad. It will be possible to verify the qualitatively and quantitatively advantages that the structural calculation brings to the small sized constructions. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how it is possible to help people from lower social classes to build safer, more comfortable and economical houses and at the same time being an opportunity for civil engineers to undertake. The chosen methodology was bibliographic research in entrepreneurship and structural calculation and a case study. The result showed that when it comes to a social business in the area of civil construction, there are many technical advantages guaranteed by the structural project and that when the work is carried out with the support of a project it is possible to generate savings and more safety in classes C, D and E small sized constructions.Keywords: Civil engineering. Structural calculus. Entrepreneurship. Social business.
TRANSFERÊNCIA E PRESENÇA ON-LINE DO ANALISTA
Authors: Oliveira Gessé Duque Ferreira de , Pena Breno Ferreira
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Trata-se de um ensaio de eixo teórico psicanalítico sobre a possibilidade da transferência se estabelecer de forma on-line. Já que a transferência é dirigida a pessoa do analista, como fica o estabelecimento da transferência no atendimento virtual? Sabemos que Freud descobriu cedo a importância da transferência para o atendimento psicanalítico e mesmo com uma face de resistência, é impossível uma análise sem a transferência. Lacan reformulou os aspectos da transferência principalmente com o objeto a e o conceito de Sujeito Suposto Saber. Entendemos que, de acordo com a psicanálise Freudo-lacaniana, o corpo não se resume ao biológico ou à presença física, sendo estruturado pelo Imaginário, Simbólico e Real. Dessa forma, entendemos que há a possibilidade ou não como em toda análise de ser estabelecida a transferência, independente do modelo de atendimento.Palavras-chave: Transferência. Presença do analista. Virtualidade.Abstract: It is an essay of a psychoanalytic theoretical axis about the possibility of the transfer being established online. Since the transfer is directed at the person of the analyst, how is the establishment of the transfer in the virtual service? We know that Freud discovered early the importance of transference for psychoanalytic care and even with a face of resistance, an analysis without transference is impossible. Lacan reformulated aspects of the transference mainly with object a and the concept of Subject Suposed to Know. We understand that, according to Freudo-lacanian psychoanalysis, the body is not limited to biological or physical presence, being structured by the Imaginary, Symbolic and Real. In this way, we understand that there is the possibility or not as in any analysis of the transfer being established, regardless of the service model.Keywords: Transference. Analyst's presence. Virtuality.
Crise, Atenção Primária de Saúde e Enfermagem: conhecimento e ação para novos modos de produzir saúde [Crisis, Primary Health Care and Nursing: reflection and action for new ways of producing health] [Crisis, Atención Primaria de Salud y Enfermería: reflexión y acción para nuevas formas de producir salud]
Authors: David Helena Maria Scherlowski Leal
Published: December 2020

Editorial sobre a importancia da atenção Primária no contexto da pandemia por covid-19, as ameaças que sofre e o papel da enfermagem.ABSTRACTEditorial aproaching the importance of primary care in the context of the 19-covid pandemic, the threats it suffers and the role of nursing.RESUMENEditorial sobre la importancia de la atención primaria en el contexto de la pandemia del 19-covid, las amenazas que sufre y el papel de la enfermería.
Pressure ulcers: an overview
Authors: Headlam John , Illsley Amy
Published: December 2020

This article gives a general overview of pressure ulcers, with a focus on secondary care. Pressure ulcers are damage to the skin or underlying tissue as a result of pressure, friction or shearing forces. They place a significant physical, psychological and financial burden on patients and healthcare systems which will be explored. This review also covers risk assessment, classification and management of pressure ulcers in the inpatient setting.
A qualitative pilot study exploring reasons for prosthetic preference in a veteran amputee population
Authors: Taylor Teri
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims

For people with transfemoral amputations, newer technology, microprocessor-controlled prosthetic limbs, offer a level of performance that exceeds that of older, non-microprocessor controlled limbs. They are often requested by members of Her Majesty's Armed Forces who have been discharged from service (veterans) during applications for replacement limbs. However, as microprocessor-controlled prosthetic limbs cost far exceeds that of non-microprocessor controlled limbs, justification for their provision is essential to ensure that they are seen as value for money for the NHS in the UK. To date, literature focuses on measures of objective performance when demonstrating the value of one limb over another, but it ignores individual lifestyles within this process. This project aims to explore the reasons underpinning individual requests for specific types of prosthetic lower limb in a population of veterans with amputations.

Methods

This pilot study explored secondary data, consisting of patient statements, from the evaluation process associated with applications for new microprocessor-controlled prosthetic limbs. The data referred to a sample population of non-serving veterans with amputations who attended a veteran prosthetic centre for the ongoing maintenance and replacement of their prosthetic limbs (n=15).

Results

Findings from the study suggest an interconnection between function, psychology and emotional context. Individual statements demonstrate that, while functional performance influences choice, it is the application of function to life and lifestyle that underpins the meaning of improvements in performance for the individual.

Conclusions

Further research investigating the meaning of limb performance to the life of an individual is essential to facilitate effective prescription of limbs that meet individual need, and ensuring accurate distribution of what are currently limited funds.
Design and Experiment of an Aerial Electrostatic Spraying System for Unmanned Agricultural Aircraft Systems
Authors: Wang Shilin , Li Xue , Zhou Hao , Lv Xiaolan , Shen Weiguo
Published: December 2020

Highlights

A bipolar contact electrostatic spraying system is designed for an unmanned agricultural aircraft system.

The electrostatic voltage does not affect the droplet size and relative span.

The specific charge due to the negative electrode is higher than that due to the positive electrode.

The droplets charged by the spraying system are more prone to be deposited on the underside of leaves.

Abstract. Chemical application by unmanned agricultural aircraft systems (UAASs) has developed rapidly in China and other Asian countries due to their suitability to complex terrains, high working efficiency, and labor intensity reduction. To enhance spraying performance of unmanned aerial spraying systems (UASSs), an aerial electrostatic spraying system (AESS) was designed consisting of a lithium battery, electrostatic generator, positive and negative charging electrodes, tanks, pumps, and centrifugal atomizers. The AESS electrostatic voltage (EV) was adjusted from 15 to 35 kV, the atomizer rotation speed reached 9600 r/min, and the pump pressure ranged from 0.02 to 0.1 MPa. The AESS specific charge and droplet spectrum under water spraying was measured at different EVs. Results showed that the specific charge due to the negative electrostatic electrode was higher than that due to the positive electrostatic electrode. At a negative electrostatic electrode EV of 35 kV, its specific charge was 1.84 mC/kg. The negative and positive electrostatic electrode volume median diameters (VMDs) ranged from 81.39 to 84.04 µm and 86.8 to 88.80 µm, respectively, and no significant droplet size and relative span differences occurred between the different EVs for the same electrostatic electrode. The AESS was installed on single-rotor and multirotor UAASs for chemical application to pear trees. The results revealed that the electrostatic spray from the AESS has no effect on droplet deposition on the upper side of pear tree canopy leaves, while charged droplets can produce a wrap-around effect on the underside of the leaves, which promotes the adhesion of droplets on the underside of the leaves. The AESS is suitable for chemical application under aerial UAAS spraying. Keywords: Chemical application, Droplet spectrum, Deposition, Specific charge, Unmanned agricultural aircraft system.
Assessing Certified Manure Analysis Laboratory Accuracy and Variability
Authors: Sanford Joseph R , Larson Rebecca A , Digman Matthew F
Published: December 2020

Highlights

Manure analysis proficiency laboratories were assessed for accuracy and precision.

Total nitrogen analysis was accurate and precise and is a strength of industry.

Ammonium analysis resulted in most variability in laboratory results.

Phosphorus and potassium mean comparison indicated significant differences between lab results.

Abstract.Nutrient management planning (NMP) is an effective method for ensuring proper nutrient applications to agricultural fields. At livestock facilities, quantifying manure nutrient content is crucial for producers to obtain accurate and precise data to properly apply nutrients to the field to optimize crop yields while minimizing nutrient losses to the environment. In this study, eight manure analysis proficiency program (MAP) certified laboratories each received six replicates of four manure samples (two dairy and two swine) and analyzed for total solids (TS), total nitrogen (TN), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N), phosphate (P2O5), and potash (K2O). Laboratories were compared using the MAP robust statistics comparison approach and a one-way ANOVA using laboratory means. Total nitrogen analysis had high precision and accuracy across laboratories selected for analysis. However, laboratories had less accuracy and precision in determining NH4-N concentrations. Additionally, while P2O5 and K2O met MAP standards for accuracy and precision, there was concerns for reading accuracy, as the median absolute deviation (MAD) to overall median ratio was high (ranging from 5.9% to 14.4%) and many of the laboratory means were statistically different. Keywords: Laboratory variability, Manure, Nutrient analysis.
SPATIAL CORRELATION BETWEEN THE CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF A RED LATOSOL AND THE GRAIN YIELD OF COMMON BEAN
Authors: Oliveira Job Teixeira , Roque Cassiano Garcia , Borges Monica Resende Zuffo , Minotto Vagner André , Javarez André Longui
Published: December 2020

In recent years, common bean in Brazil has become interesting to precede the growing of off-season cotton due to its short cycle. This study was carried out in a Red Latosol in Chapadão do Sul, MS and aimed to select among the attributes of the evaluated soils, those with the best linear and spatial correlation, to explain the variability of grain yield of common bean in the soil layers of 0 - 0.10 m (layer 1) and 0.10 - 0.20 m (layer 2), sampled in a grid of 121 georeferenced points (spacing of 5 meters between points). The soil chemical attributes were determined: pH, carbon (C), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), and the sum of bases (SB). The analysis of these data was carried out using statistical and geostatistical techniques that made it possible to verify that for the grain yield of common bean, the multiple regression analysis indicates that approximately 20% of its variation is attributed to the variation in the chemical attributes of the soil presented in the present study. The chemical attributes pH1, pH2, C1, Ca1, Ca2, Mg1a, Mg2, Al2, SB1, and SB2 have spatial dependence classified mostly as moderate. Both linearly and spatially, C1 stood out as a potential indicator of common bean grain yield when grown under no-tillage.
Community Supports and COVID-19: Self-Determination in a Pandemic
Authors: Ervin David A. , Hobson-Garcia Donyale
Published: December 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is impacting people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) significantly. Early data on the impact of COVID-19 suggests that people with IDD are experiencing more severe health outcomes compared to the general population. In addition to their elevated health risks, people with IDD, like the rest of the population, are struggling with boredom, isolation, and loneliness as they shelter in place. As people with IDD seek a return to their jobs, friends and families, and the activities of their community, community-based provider organizations must strike a difficult balance between actions that are intended to protect the health and safety of people they support and actions that honor people's choices and encourage self-determination. Practical issues that community-based provider organizations must consider when striking the correct balance are discussed, and recommendations on ways to support people with IDD to make informed, self-determined choices during the pandemic are offered.
Ecobehavioral Analysis of Inclusive Classrooms and Instruction That Support Students With Extensive Support Needs
Authors: Toews Samantha Gross , Kurth Jennifer A. , Turner Elissa Lockman , Lyon Kristin Joannou
Published: December 2020

Benefits of inclusive education for students with extensive and pervasive support needs (ESN) have been documented over the past several decades. However, simply placing students with ESN in general education settings does not constitute inclusion, nor does this necessarily result in positive outcomes for students. This study utilizes ecobehavioral analysis to provide an understanding of the characteristics of general education academic classes that include students with ESN and explores differences in characteristics between different schooling levels and students with and without complex communication needs. Findings indicate inclusive placements for students with ESN provide an engaging academic environment with adaptations to access content and low levels of distractions. Implications for practice, future research, and policy are discussed.
Disability and Dating: Exploring the Twittersphere
Authors: Kearney Kelly B. , Darling Sharon M. , Dukes Charles
Published: December 2020

To better understand how dating for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities might be described and explained on social media, a content analysis of tweets was conducted. Fifteen hashtags (#) about dating and disability were used to search Twitter for the time frame of February 2010 to May 2015, generating 781 tweets. These tweets were classified using eight categories. The findings indicate that there is limited content related to dating for people with disabilities, paling in comparison to content around dating with no reference to disability. Content about disability contained several advertisements and offers of advice, absent of opportunities for connections with the potential of leading to actual dates. Essentially, the tweets around disability seemed to be a marketplace of services rather than a genuine social conversation around dating. Implications for future research are discussed. Although the emerging work about relationship development in the online environment continues to grow, much remains to be investigated.
Effect and correction of optode coupling errors in breast imaging using diffuse optical tomography
Authors: Li Shuying , Huang Kexin , Zhang Menghao , Uddin K. M. Shihab , Zhu Quing
Published: December 2020

In diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and spectroscopy (DOS) using
handheld probes, tissue curvature can cause bad fiber-to-tissue
contact. Understanding and minimizing image artifacts caused by these
coupling errors would significantly improve DOT and DOS image quality.
In this work, we utilized Monte Carlo simulations and experiments with
gelatin-Intralipid phantoms to systematically study the influence of
source or detector (optode) coupling errors. Optode coupling errors
can increase the amplitude and decrease the phase of the measured
diffuse reflectance, creating artifacts in the reconstructed
absorption maps, such as hot spots on the edges. We propose an outlier
removal algorithm that can correct these image artifacts, and we
demonstrate its performance using simulations, phantom experiments,
and breast patient data acquired with bad probe contact due to a dense
or small breast. Further, we designed and implemented a new
resistance-type thin-film force sensor array that provides real-time
optode coupling feedback and guides the outlier removal to minimize
optode coupling errors. Our approaches and study results have
significant implications for reducing image artifacts arising from
handheld probes, which are commonly used with mobile and wearable DOT
and DOS devices.
Multifunctional on-chip storage at telecommunication wavelength for quantum networks
Authors: Craiciu Ioana , Lei Mi , Rochman Jake , Bartholomew John G. , Faraon Andrei
Published: December 2020

Quantum networks will enable a variety of applications, from secure
communication and precision measurements to distributed quantum
computing. Storing photonic qubits and controlling their frequency,
bandwidth, and retrieval time are important functionalities in future
optical quantum networks. Here we demonstrate these functions using an
ensemble of erbium ions in yttrium orthosilicate coupled to a silicon
photonic resonator and controlled via on-chip electrodes. Light in the
telecommunication C-band is stored, manipulated, and retrieved using a
dynamic atomic frequency comb protocol controlled by linear DC Stark
shifts of the ion ensemble’s transition frequencies. We demonstrate
memory time control in a digital fashion in increments of 50 ns,
frequency shifting by more than a pulse width (

±

39

M
H
z

), and a bandwidth increase by a
factor of 3, from 6 to 18 MHz. Using on-chip electrodes, electric
fields as high as 3 kV/cm were achieved with a low applied bias of
5 V, making this an appealing platform for rare-earth ions, which
experience Stark shifts of the order of 10 kHz/(V/cm).
Ensuring the quality and specificity of preregistrations
Authors: Bakker Marjan , Veldkamp Coosje L. S. , van Assen Marcel A. L. M. , Crompvoets Elise A. V. , Ong How Hwee , Nosek Brian A. , Soderberg Courtney K. , Mellor David , Wicherts Jelte M.
Published: December 2020

Researchers face many, often seemingly arbitrary, choices in formulating hypotheses, designing protocols, collecting data, analyzing data, and reporting results. Opportunistic use of “researcher degrees of freedom” aimed at obtaining statistical significance increases the likelihood of obtaining and publishing false-positive results and overestimated effect sizes. Preregistration is a mechanism for reducing such degrees of freedom by specifying designs and analysis plans before observing the research outcomes. The effectiveness of preregistration may depend, in part, on whether the process facilitates sufficiently specific articulation of such plans. In this preregistered study, we compared 2 formats of preregistration available on the OSF: Standard Pre-Data Collection Registration and Prereg Challenge Registration (now called “OSF Preregistration,” http://osf.io/prereg/). The Prereg Challenge format was a “structured” workflow with detailed instructions and an independent review to confirm completeness; the “Standard” format was “unstructured” with minimal direct guidance to give researchers flexibility for what to prespecify. Results of comparing random samples of 53 preregistrations from each format indicate that the “structured” format restricted the opportunistic use of researcher degrees of freedom better (Cliff’s Delta = 0.49) than the “unstructured” format, but neither eliminated all researcher degrees of freedom. We also observed very low concordance among coders about the number of hypotheses (14%), indicating that they are often not clearly stated. We conclude that effective preregistration is challenging, and registration formats that provide effective guidance may improve the quality of research.
A large-scale experiment on New Year’s resolutions: Approach-oriented goals are more successful than avoidance-oriented goals
Authors: Oscarsson Martin , Carlbring Per , Andersson Gerhard , Rozental Alexander
Published: December 2020

Despite the popularity of New Year’s resolutions, current knowledge about them is limited. We investigated what resolutions people make when they are free to formulate them, whether different resolutions reach differing success rates, and whether it is possible to increase the likelihood of a resolution’s success by administering information and exercises on effective goal setting. Participants (N = 1066) from the general public were randomized into three groups: active control, some support, and extended support. The most popular resolutions regarded physical health, weight loss, and eating habits. At a one-year follow-up, 55% of responders considered themselves successful in sustaining their resolutions. Participants with approach-oriented goals were significantly more successful than those with avoidance-oriented goals (58.9% vs. 47.1%). The group that received some support was exclusively and significantly more successful compared to the other two. This study reveals that New Year’s resolutions can have lasting effects, even at a one-year follow-up.
Prevalence and associated factors of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders among music students in Europe. Baseline findings from the Risk of Music Students (RISMUS) longitudinal multicentre study
Authors: Cruder Cinzia , Barbero Marco , Koufaki Pelagia , Soldini Emiliano , Gleeson Nigel
Published: December 2020

Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions among professional musicians and music students are frequent and may have significant physical and psychosocial consequences on their lives and/or on their playing abilities. The Risk of Music Students (RISMUS) research project was set up in 2018 to longitudinally identify factors associated with increased risk of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) in a large sample of music students enrolled in pan-European institutions. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) in this novel population at baseline of the RISMUS project. A further goal was to begin to identify variables that might be associated with the self-reported presence of PRMDs among music students. Eight hundred and fifty students from fifty-six conservatories and music universities in Europe completed a web-based questionnaire on lifestyle and physical activity participation levels, musical practice habits, health history and PRMDs, psychological distress, perfectionism and fatigue. A total of 560 (65%) out of 850 participants self-reported a positive history of painful MSK conditions in the last 12 months, 408 (48%) of whom self-reported PRMDs. Results showed that coming from West Europe, being a first- or a second-year Masters student, having more years of experience and higher rates of perceived exertion after 45 minutes of practice without breaks were factors significantly associated with self-reported presence of PRMDs. According to the authors’ knowledge, a large-scale multicentre study investigating prevalence and associated factors for PRMDs among music students at different stages of their education (from Pre-college to Masters levels) has not been conducted before. The high prevalence of PRMDs among music students, especially those studying at university-level, has been confirmed in this study and associated factors have been identified, highlighting the need for relevant targeted interventions as well as effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Using lexical language models to detect borrowings in monolingual wordlists
Authors: Miller John E. , Tresoldi Tiago , Zariquiey Roberto , Beltrán Castañón César A. , Morozova Natalia , List Johann-Mattis
Published: December 2020

Lexical borrowing, the transfer of words from one language to another, is one of the most frequent processes in language evolution. In order to detect borrowings, linguists make use of various strategies, combining evidence from various sources. Despite the increasing popularity of computational approaches in comparative linguistics, automated approaches to lexical borrowing detection are still in their infancy, disregarding many aspects of the evidence that is routinely considered by human experts. One example for this kind of evidence are phonological and phonotactic clues that are especially useful for the detection of recent borrowings that have not yet been adapted to the structure of their recipient languages. In this study, we test how these clues can be exploited in automated frameworks for borrowing detection. By modeling phonology and phonotactics with the support of Support Vector Machines, Markov models, and recurrent neural networks, we propose a framework for the supervised detection of borrowings in mono-lingual wordlists. Based on a substantially revised dataset in which lexical borrowings have been thoroughly annotated for 41 different languages from different families, featuring a large typological diversity, we use these models to conduct a series of experiments to investigate their performance in mono-lingual borrowing detection. While the general results appear largely unsatisfying at a first glance, further tests show that the performance of our models improves with increasing amounts of attested borrowings and in those cases where most borrowings were introduced by one donor language alone. Our results show that phonological and phonotactic clues derived from monolingual language data alone are often not sufficient to detect borrowings when using them in isolation. Based on our detailed findings, however, we express hope that they could prove to be useful in integrated approaches that take multi-lingual information into account.
Can post-capture photographic identification as a wildlife marking technique be undermined by observer error? A case study using King Cobras in northeast Thailand
Authors: Jones Max Dolton , Marshall Benjamin Michael , Smith Samantha Nicole , Christie Jack Taylor , Waengsothorn Surachit , Artchawakom Taksin , Suwanwaree Pongthep , Strine Colin Thomas
Published: December 2020

Identifying individuals with natural markings is increasing in popularity to non-invasively support population studies. However, applying natural variation among individuals requires careful evaluation among target species, snakes for example have little validation of such methods. Here we introduce a mark-free identification method for King Cobras (Ophiophagus hannah) from the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, in northeast Thailand using both subcaudal scale pholidosis (scale arrangement and number) and unique ventral body markings to distinguish individuals. This project aims to evaluate the impact of observer error on individual identification. Observers of varying expertise, will distinguish between King Cobra individuals using identifying photographs from a previous study. We will ask randomly assigned observers to distinguish individuals via: 1) subcaudal pholidosis, 2) ventral body markings, and 3) combination of both measures. Using Bayesian logistic regression, we will assess the probability observers correctly distinguish individuals. Based on exploratory observations, we hypothesise that there will be a high probability of correct identifications using subcaudal pholidosis and ventral body markings. We aim to stimulate other studies implementing identification techniques for scrutinous assessment of such methods, in order to avoid subsequent errors during long-term population studies.
Cluster equilibrium scheduling method based on backpressure flow control in railway power supply systems
Authors: Qu Zhijian , Liu Hanxin , Wang Hanlin , Chen Xinqiang , Chi Rui , Wang Zixiao
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to solve problems, i.e., increasingly significant processing delay of massive monitoring data and imbalanced tasks in the scheduling and monitoring center for a railway network. To tackle these problems, a method by using a smooth weighted round-robin scheduling based on backpressure flow control (BF-SWRR) is proposed. The method is developed based on a model for message queues and real-time streaming computing. By using telemetry data flow as input data sources, the fields of data sources are segmented into different sets by using a distributed model of stream computing parallel processing. Moreover, the round-robin (RR) scheduling method for the distributed server is improved. The parallelism, memory occupancy, and system delay are tested by taking a high-speed train section of a certain line as an example. The result showed that the BF-SWRR method for clusters can control the delay to within 1 s. When the parallelism of distributed clusters is set to 8, occupancy rates of the CPU and memory can be decreased by about 15%. In this way, the overall load of the cluster during stream computing is more balanced.