bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reward-based modulation of task-switching performance: a diffusion model analysis
Authors: Weber Timo , Fröber Kerstin , Schuch Stefanie
Published: June 2023

Investigating the interface between motivation and cognitive control, we conducted two task switching experiments (N = 96 each) with reward manipulation where participants switched between three different tasks. We measured N-2 task repetition costs, which denote the performance decrement in N-2 task repetition sequences (ABA) relative to N-2 task switch sequences (CBA), and which are presumed to be a marker of inhibitory control in task switching. Participants in the reward group received performance-contingent reward in the second phase of each experiment, and in the second experiment they were additionally penalized for errors. Reward thresholds were determined individually based on participants’ performance during the first phase of each experiment. Participants in the control group did not receive any reward. The reward manipulation led to faster performance in the reward group relative to the control group. Diffusion modeling revealed that the reward manipulation induced an increase in drift rate parameter, consistent with dopamine-based enhancement of attentional focus under reward. Contrary to our expectations, no robust evidence for a reward-based modulation of N-2 repetition costs was found across the two experiments. N-2 task repetition costs were small in both experiments, and possibly, a larger amount of inhibitory control is needed in order to obtain empirical evidence for a reward-related modulation thereof. However, additional analyses suggested that reward may not interact with inhibitory control on the task level at all.
Integrated effects of top-down attention and statistical learning during visual search: An EEG study
Authors: Dolci Carola , Boehler C. Nico , Santandrea Elisa , Dewulf Anneleen , Ben-Hamed Suliann , Macaluso Emiliano , Chelazzi Leonardo , Rashal Einat
Published: June 2023

The present study aims to investigate how the competition between visual elements is solved by top-down and/or statistical learning (SL) attentional control (AC) mechanisms when active together. We hypothesized that the “winner” element that will undergo further processing is selected either by one AC mechanism that prevails over the other, or by the joint activity of both mechanisms. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a visual search experiment that combined an endogenous cueing protocol (valid vs. neutral cue) and an imbalance of target frequency distribution across locations (high- vs. low-frequency location). The unique and combined effects of top-down control and SL mechanisms were measured on behaviour and amplitudes of three evoked-response potential (ERP) components (i.e., N2pc, P1, CNV) related to attentional processing. Our behavioural results showed better performance for validly cued targets and for targets in the high-frequency location. The two factors were found to interact, so that SL effects emerged only in the absence of top-down guidance. Whereas the CNV and P1 only displayed a main effect of cueing, for the N2pc we observed an interaction between cueing and SL, revealing a cueing effect for targets in the low-frequency condition, but not in the high-frequency condition. Thus, our data support the view that top-down control and SL work in a conjoint, integrated manner during target selection. In particular, SL mechanisms are reduced or even absent when a fully reliable top-down guidance of attention is at play.
XX International Scientific Conference for Students and Postgraduates “Problems of the Arctic region”: abstracts (Murmansk, 17-18 May 2023).
Authors: Cherniakov S. M.
Published: May 2023

The publication presents abstracts of the reports submitted for the XX International Scientific Conference for Students and Post-graduates "Problems of the Arctic Region". Among the authors are students and post-graduate students of different institutions of higher education, scientific organizations and their branches. The subjects of the presented scientific works include studies related to chemical, biological,medical, environmental, technical problems, as well as studies on the pedagogy, economics and sociology of the Arctic region. Published in the author's edition.
The design of unfinished syntagmas in teaching Russian to Chinese philology students
Authors: Жэнь Ваньин
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматривается специфика обучения интонации китайских студентов-филологов в аспекте преподавания русского языка как иностранного. На основе изучения сходства и различий в интонационном оформлении звучащей речи и синтагматическом членении в русском и китайском языках, а также эксперимента на восприятие интонации в русской речи китайских студентов делается прогнозирование возможной интерференции в данной области, даются соответствующие рекомендации. Особое внимание уделяется обучению оформления незаконченных синтагм китайских студентов-филологов.

The article discusses the specifics of teaching intonation to Chinese philology students in the aspect of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The possible interference is predicted in this filled, and appropriate recommendations are given based on the study of similarities and differences in the intonation design of sounding speech and syntagmatic division in Russian and Chinese, as well as an experiment on the perception of intonation in the Russian speech of Chinese students. Special attention is paid to teaching the design of unfinished syntagmas to Chinese students of philology.
Interference errors in the study of the Russian case system by English speakers (level A2–B 1)
Authors: Барахта А.В.
Published: May 2023

Статья посвящена грамматической интерференции в русской речи англоговорящих студентов (уровень А2–В1). Интерференция рассматривается как отрицательно маркированный феномен, выраженный в отклонении от нормы изучаемого языка под влиянием родного. Автор анализирует, описывает и классифицирует типичные ошибки в рамках категории падежа, выявленные в сочинениях американских студентов. Методом количественного анализа определяются наиболее частотные межъязыковые и внутриязыковые интерферентные нарушения.

This article is devoted to grammatical interference in the Russian speech of English-speaking students (level A2–B 1). Interference is considered as a negatively marked phenomenon, expressed in a deviation from the norm of the studied language under the influence of the native. The author analyzes, describes and classifies typical errors within the category of case found in the writings of American students. The method of quantitative analysis determines the most frequent interlingual and intralingual interference mistakes.
A'ingae reduplication is phonologically optimizing
Authors: Dąbkowski Maksymilian Michał
Published: June 2023

In this paper, I describe and analyze reduplication in A’ingae (ISO 639-3: con), an understudied and endangered Amazonian isolate. The reduplicant is a suffix -ʔσ, where ʔ is a fixed segment and σ is a syllable copied from the right edge of the word. Only disyllabic roots can be reduplicated, and the disyllabic root is parsed as a trochaic foot in the surface form. If the second syllable of the root is a diphthong, it undergoes monophthongization in the base. I model these properties with a reduplicant-specific cophonology (e.g. Orgun, 1996), which consists of a ranking of constraints motivated elsewhere in the language’s grammar. Thus, I demonstrate that A’ingae reduplication is phonologically optimizing. All the data were collected by the author.
Faithfulness and underspecification
Authors: Baković Eric , Bennett Wm. G.
Published: June 2023

This work is about two ‘generation problems’ for classic Optimality Theory, chain shifts and saltations. The issues for OT posed by traditional analyses of chain shifts and saltations have led to various embellishments of the classic theory, typically in the form of novel constraint types. Reiss (2021a,b) proposes a general solution to the problem of chain shifts and saltations that relies more directly on different assumptions about representations than about constraints. Specifically, Reiss assumes that underlying representations may be underspecified, and that a map ‘counts’ as a chain shift or as a saltation so long as the surface alternants from a uniform underlying representation match the respective observed alternants. We report here on three results from our ongoing formal assessment of Reiss’s proposed solution.
Depremin Sosyolojisi: 6 Şubat Felaketinin Toplumsal ve Kültürel Boyutları
Authors: ERDOĞAN Barış
Published: June 2023

Deprem, dünya genelinde en yaygın gerçekleşen ve tahrip edici gücü en büyük olan doğal felaketlerden biridir. Deprem hem bireysel hem de kurumsal düzeyde toplumsal yapı üzerinde derin izler bırakır. Bu makalede depremlerin, özelde de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Türkiye’de 11 ili etkileyen ve 50 binden fazla can kaybına neden olan Kahramanmaraş Pazarcık merkezli saat 04.17'de yaşanan 7,7 büyüklüğündeki ilk depremin ve bundan yaklaşık 9 saat sonra meydana gelen Elbistan merkezli 7,6 büyüklüğündeki ikinci depremin, toplum üzerinde yarattığı etkileri sosyoloji perspektifinden inceleyeceğiz.... Üsküdar Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi Sosyoloji Bölüm Başkanı Prof. Dr. Barış Erdoğan'ın TRT Akademi Dergisinin "Afet Yönetimi ve Medya" sayısı için kaleme almış olduğu analiz/değerlendirme yazısıdır.
Recasting Organizational Hybridity: A New Approach to the Incompatibility of Institutional Logics Through the Higher Common Principle
Authors: Gabriagues Amélie , Garreau Lionel
Published: June 2023

In neo-institutional theory, the concept of organizational hybridity is characterized by the combination of institutional logics that ‘would not conventionally go together,’ as they are deemed incompatible. However, our study shows that this criterion of incompatibility between logics is not theoretically robust enough to discriminate situations of organizational hybridity, as it struggles to differentiate incompatible logics from simply different logics. In response, this article proposes a new approach to incompatibility between institutional logics by mobilizing the concept of a higher common principle derived from the economies of worth. Through the rereading of five empirical articles mobilizing the concept of hybridity, we demonstrate how the higher common principle provides a more restrictive way of operationalizing incompatibility between logics to qualify organizational hybrids more rigorously. This study ultimately leads us to recast the concept of organizational hybridity as the combination of mutually exclusive institutional logics based on strictly distinct higher common principles.
Design for additive manufacturing: Review and framework proposal
Authors: Chtioui Narjess , Gaha Raoudha , Benamara Abdelmajid
Published: June 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have seen fast growth in the last few decades. AM needs the implementation of new methods in design, fabrication, and delivery to end-users. Hence, AM techniques have given great flexibility to designers as the design of complex components and highly customized products are no longer binding from a manufacturability point of view. In addition to high material variety, this allows multi-material and variable mechanical characteristics of product manufacturing. This review paper addresses the design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) rules, guidelines, and tools to guide the designer to take advantage of the opportunities provided by AM whether in the early design stages (EDS) or in the later phase using computer-aided design (CAD) tools. It discusses issues related to the design for AM and proposes a DfAM framework applied in the design for the additive manufacturing process.
CARTOGRAFIA DOS CAMINHOS: ENTRE TRAJETOS E NARRATIVAS SOBRE AS FORMAÇÕES URBANAS MINEIRAS NOS SÉCULOS XVIII-XIX E OS CAMINHOS HISTÓRICOS INDÍGENAS
Authors: Nascimento Adriana , CARVALHO Marília de Fátima Dutra de Ávila , RIBEIRO Suzana Helena Ceranto
Published: May 2023

Verifica-se nas narrativas produzidas sobre ocupação do Brasil a perpetuação da historiografia urbana face a uma abordagem territorial e autóctone. A sobreposição do discurso europeu, urbano versus as narrativas territoriais dos povos originários desde o período histórico indígena, são práticas que insistem na tábula rasa. Nas pesquisas sobre formação de cidades é pouco discutida a relação entre os caminhos históricos indígenas em sua relação com a estruturação espacial das redes urbanas. Este artigo salienta levantamentos realizados durante processos e trocas em pesquisa num recorte em Minas Gerais focado na Comarca do Rio das Mortes, via estudos historiográficos, imagéticos e iconográficos publicado originalmente nos anais e apresentado no XIX ENANPUR. Entendemos que a inserção da questão indígena, frequentemente invisibilizada nos estudos urbanos e regionais mineiros, têm muito a contribuir com estudos morfológicos e urbanos numa perspectiva decolonial, inter e transdisciplinar, oferecendo outras leituras e análises históricas e espaço-temporais.
Two-Stage Detection using ISI Cancelling for Multipath Fading Channels
Authors: Joo Jung Suk
Published: June 2023

A simple detection scheme which can be easily implemented without maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) is proposed. It has a two-stage structure and makes ¯nal decisions after eliminating inter-symbol interference (ISI) due to both past and future symbols by using tentative decisions. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can have a comparable performance to that of a tentative decision (TD)-MLSE when the number of resolvable channel paths is two, although its performance degrades as the number of resolvable channel paths increases.
Optimal Minimax Controller for Plants with Four Oscillatory Modes Using Grobner Basis
Authors: Charoenlarpnopparut Chalie
Published: June 2023

Optimal minimax rate feedback controller design problems was proposed and partially solved by R.S. Bucy et al in 1990. The application of the problem have found in the oscillation suppressor design of large space structure with multiple oscillatory/resonance modes. By employing Grobner basis technique, the complete symbolic solution for the case when the cardinality of the plant oscillatory mode is three or fewer was later found by N.K. Bose and the author. In this paper, the case when the cardinality is four is considered based on the use of Grobner bases. In general, the higher order (four or more) problem is analytically intractable and suboptimal solutions based on numerical techniques are then the only recourse.In addition, it is also shown that, for a specified generic plant, by incorporating in rate feedback controller the additional parameter available in the basic design procedure, significant improvement in feedback system performance over what was believed to be possible can be realized . This proposed additional design parameter expands the searching space for optimal solution (i.e. provides higher degree of freedom). Various numerical examples are shown to illustrate the e®ectiveness of the proposed method.
Implementation of Space Vector PWM for a Two-Phase Three-leg Voltage Source Inverter
Authors: Charumit Chakrapong , Kinnares Vijit
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes the implementation of a carrier-based balanced two-phase output space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) strategy for a three-leg voltage source inverter (VSI). The principle based on analogue and digital techniques is fully described. The space vector equivalent waveforms and SVPWM patterns are generated by a digital signal processor (DSP). The correctness of the proposed method is verified by calculated and experimental results.
Characterization of p+-n Junctions and a Quasi-One-Dimensional Structure Fabricated by Low-Energy Focused Ion Beam
Authors: Chantngarm Peerasak
Published: June 2023

The electrical properties of implanted p+ layers, shallow p+-n junctions, and a quasi-one-dimensional structure fabricated without masks by 20-keV Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB) on crystalline Si substrates were investigated in details. The distribution profile from SIMS showed discrepancies from LSS theory, which is considered to be the results of low beam energy and high beam current density. From Hall effect measurements, the Hall drift mobility was 131 cm2 / V-sec, which is 62% of the projected value due to remained defects after annealing. The I - V characteristics of p+-n junctions illustrated four distinct regions in the forward bias region and rising saturation current in the reverse bias region. Higher than expected leakage current is considered to be the results of residue damages after annealing. For the first time, the resistance of a quasi-one-dimensional structure was investigated. The resistance is 1 x 1 ,which is 647 times higher than the projected value. The cause of this phenomenon is considered to be the combined effects of interfacial roughness, the residue damages, and the shape of the structure.
A Novel Power Electronics-Based Fuel Cell Emulator
Authors: Sirisukprasert Siriroj , Saengsuwan Trin
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a prototype of a new power electronics-based fuel cell emulator. It can effectively replace a real electrochemical fuel cell stack during the development stage of a fuel-cell based power generation. The power stage of this new fuel cell emulator consists of a current source converter (buck rectifier) and a dc-to-dc buck converter. The research mainly focuses on emulating the electrical behavior of two well-known fuel cell systems: Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) and Solid Oxide fuel cells. A 1.5kW PEM fuel cell case is presented inthis paper. Analysis, modeling and control strategy are presented. A hybrid control technique and a new voltage-current curve tracking technique have been proposed. Both static and dynamic performances of the proposed fuel cell emulator are experimentally verified. The results show that the proposed system can effectively perform in all three operation regions,i.e. activation, ohmic and concentration. With the collaboration of the power electronics circuits and the DSP-based controller, the proposed fuel cell emulator provides both precisely emulated voltage-current characteristic and high-quality output voltage and current.
Facial Expression Recognition from 2.5D Partial Face Data by Using Face Plane
Authors: Charoenpong Theekapun , Tokai Shogo , Hase Hiroyuki
Published: June 2023

Due to a problem of current research occurring when recognizing facial expressions from a 2.5D partial face data set taken from any viewpoint ranging from -45 to +45, we propose a novel algorithm for recognizing facial expressions from a 2.5D partial face data set. A 2.5D partial data set is captured from any viewpoint between -45 and +45. For facial expression recognition, a 3D virtual expression face is first reconstructed from a 2.5D partial face data set. A facial expression is then represented in terms of the change of crossing points on a face plane. Next, two schemes are used to analyse the crossing points for recognition. In the ¯rst scheme, the distribution of crossing points was used. In the second scheme, the displacement vectors of crossing points by facial expression change were used. The classi¯cation is carried out by using a support vector machine (SVM) for the both recognition schemes. The experiments were done for four facial expressions (neutral, anger, surprise and smiling) of 22 persons. The results showed the feasibility of the proposed method.
Analysis and Derivation of Mean Packet Delay for Gated Service in EPONs
Authors: Bharati Sailesh , Saengudomlert Poompat
Published: June 2023

Closed form mathematical expressions of network parameters such as the mean packet delay are useful for evaluating the communication network performance in the design process. This paper provides a simple derivation of closed form expression of the mean packet delay for the gated service dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm (DBAA) in an Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON). Using the queuing analysis framework of a multi-user cyclic polling system with reservation, we derive the mean packet delay expression by modifying the expression for the reservation time component of the total packet delay. The derivation can also be extended for a different polling algorithm in which the gating time is at the beginning of each data interval. We verify our analysis with results from simulation experiments.
A new Tool for Input to State Stabilization of Delayed System via FDE Dissipativity
Authors: Cahyadi Adha Imam , Yamamoto Yoshio
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we derive a new tool for Input to State Stabilization (ISS) of a delayed systems. The considered system is in a very general form of Functional Differential Equation (FDE). Firstly, a notion of FDE Dissipativity that is applicable to a class of delayed nonlinear systems is introduced and explored. It will be shown that FDE-Dissipativity will imply Input to State Stability (ISS) for time delay systems. Moreover it has equivalent characteristics with the non-delayed nonlinear systems, for instance, feedback interconnection of two FDE-Dissipative systems is also FDE-Dissipative and it is possible to reconstruct loop-transformation with properties similar to the non-delayed passive system. Based on this, we construct a Lyapunov-Krasovskii like functional as the main tool for the IS-Stabilization of the FDE systems. Finally, a numerical studies are presented in order to verify the e®ectiveness of the proposed tool.
Safety Design Planning of Ground Grid for Outdoor Substations in MEA's Power Distribution System
Authors: Phayomhom Att , Sirisumrannukul Somporn , Kasirawat Tirapong , Puttarach Arwut
Published: June 2023

This paper analyzes the performance of a grounding system made of copper conductors and significantly influenced by soil resistivity. The grounding performance is evaluated in terms of ground potential rise (GPR), touch voltage and step voltage caused by a short circuit that generates a flow of large currents in the aboveground structures and grounding system and dissipates in the soil. These currents may cause damage to substation equipment and may be dangerous to personnel working nearby. Safety design planning for step and touch voltages for the existing fault level and future fault levels are extensively investigated for utility applications where personnel hazards may exist. Modelling and simulation is carried out on the Current Distribution Electromagnetic interference Grounding and Soil structure (CDEGS) program. The safety design planning is illustrated by a practical case of ground grid designfor the 69/12-24 kV, outdoor-type Bangkrachao substation of Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) with economic analysis. An e®ective solution to improve the performance of the substation grounding is also suggested.
Position Control of a Linear Variable Reluctance Motor with Magnetically Coupled Phases
Authors: Pupadubsin Ruchao , Chayopitak Nattapon , Nulek Niyom , Kachapornkul Suebsuang , Jitkreeyarn Prapon , Somsiri Pakasit , Karukanan Santipong , Tungpimolrut Kanokvate
Published: June 2023

The objective of this paper is to design and implement a direct-drive position control based on a simplified sinusoidal flux model for a linear variable reluctance motor. The motor under consideration is a three-phase linear reluctance motor with strong magnetic coupling between phases that has the advantages of simple structure, compactness and low cost with no permanent magnet. The experimental results show overall good performance indicating that the developed system can be considered as a strong candidate for high precision manufacturing automation applications.
Video Enhancement Based on A Robust Hampel Iterative SRR with a General Observation Model
Authors: Patanavijit Vorapoj , Auethavekiat Supatana , Jitapunkul Somchai
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a novel robust Super Resolution Reconstruction (SRR) framework that can enhance a real complex video sequence and is applicable to any noise models. Although SRR algorithms have received considerable attention within the traditional research community, these algorithms are typically very sensitive to their assumed model of data and noise, which limits their utility. The real noise models that corrupt the measured sequence are unknown; consequently, SRR algorithms using L1 or L2 norm may degrade the image sequence rather than enhance it therefore the robust norm applicable to several noise and data models is desired in SRR algorithms. This paper proposes a SRR framework based on the stochastic regularization technique of Bayesian MAP estimation by minimizing a cost function. In order to tolerate to any noise models, the Hampel norm is used for measuring the difference between the projected estimate of the high-resolution image and each low resolution image, and removing outliers in the data. Tikhonov regularization is used to remove artifacts from the final result and improve the rate of convergence. Moreover, in order to cope with real video sequences and complex motion sequences, this paper proposes a SRR General Observation Model (GOM or a±ne block-based transform) devoted to the case of nonisometric inter-frame motion. In the experimental section, the proposed framework can enhance real complex motion sequences, such as Suzie and Foreman sequence, and con¯rm the effectiveness of our algorithm and demonstrate its superiority to other SRR algorithms based on L1 and L2 norm for several noise models (such as AWGN, Poisson noise, Salt & Pepper noise and Speckle noise) at several noise power.
Design of Node Locations for Indoor Wireless Mesh Network
Authors: Sauram Sukunya , Uthansakul Peerapong , Uthansakul Monthippa
Published: June 2023

In literatures, the performance of Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) has been analyzed by assuming the same quality for each hop. However, this assumption is hardly true in practice due to the physical obstructions of wireless link, especially for an indoor environment. Therefore, this paper revisits the analysis of WMN performance by taking the effect of physical obstructions into account instead of assuming an equally deterministic property for each hop. These obstructions cause the degradation of signal strength which relatively decrease the success rate oftransmission between hop to hop. This paper examines these physical concerns through the measured results and then the design of node locations can be achieved. Moreover, it is well known that the analysis of throughput in WMN has indicated the impact of near-far mesh locations. However, these examinations have neglected the quantity of user accessibility. Therefore, this paper presents the effect of user accessibility in terms of traffic intensity on WMN throughput. The simulations provide a substantial remark to realize the effect of physical obstruction and traffic intensity on designing WMN node locations.
Simulation of Surface Mesh Deformation in Orthodontics by Mass-Spring Model
Authors: Phannurat Pathomphong , Tharanon Wichit , Sinthanayothin Chanjira
Published: June 2023

The mass-spring model has been used to describe elastically deformable models such as skin, textiles, and soft tissue in computer graphics. A mass-spring mesh is composed of a network of masses and springs, in which each edge is a spring. We apply the mass spring system to mesh deformation in 3D orthodontic simulation, the movement of which is evaluated using the numerical integration of the fundamental law of dynamics based on the 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. Computational quantity and accuracy is demonstrated on test and dental cast model examples. The experimental results show that it can simulate the deformation change in real time and display the results vividly.
Design of Static Var Compensator for Power Systems Subject to Voltage Fluctuation Satisfying Bounding Conditions
Authors: Arunsawatwong Suchin , Tia Kittichai , Eua-arporn Bundhit
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the design of a static var compensator for power systems subject to voltage fluctuation by using a known framework comprising the principle of matching and the method of inequalities. In the design formulation, all possible voltage fluctuations are treated as persistent signals having uniform bounds on magnitude and slope. The principal design objective is to ensure that the rotor angle, the generator terminal voltage and the voltage of the nearby bus always deviate from their nominal values within the allowable ranges for all time in the presence of any possible voltage fluctuation. By virtue of the framework, it is clear that once a solution is found, the system is guaranteed to operate satisfactorily in regard to the design objective. The numerical results demonstrate that the framework adopted here is suitable and effective, thereby giving a realistic formulation of the design problem.
A szintetikus katinon-származékok hatásai: irodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Erdős Ákos
Published: June 2023

Aim: The aim of the study is to explore the mechanisms of action and pharmacological effects of the new type of synthetic cathinones by a systematic review of the relevant literature.Methodology: A topic-oriented systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on exploratory studies closely related to the topic. The sample of publications included the most relevant studies, reported primary research results of empirical studies (n = 24).Findings: The results of studies using self-administration, discriminative stimulation, locomotor activity and conditioned place preference tests clearly demonstrate, with some exceptions, the aversive and addictive potential and psychostimulant effects of synthetic cathinone derivatives. Some synthetic cathinones also induce significant changes in the diversity of the gut microbiome, and mutagenic effects on DNA cannot be excluded in some of them, which may cause serious problems in the long term.Value: The paper is the first to summarise in Hungarian the current results of empirical studies on synthetic cathinones. The presented results may be useful not only for the experts of medical and health sciences, but also for the member of law enforcement profession and police science.
Magnetic Effects and 3D Structure in Theoretical High-resolution Transmission Spectra of Ultrahot Jupiters: the Case of WASP-76b
Authors: Beltz Hayley , Rauscher Emily , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Malsky Isaac , Savel Arjun B.
Published: May 2023

High-resolution spectroscopy has allowed for unprecedented levels of atmospheric characterization, especially for the hottest gas-giant exoplanets known as ultrahot Jupiters (UHJs). High-resolution spectra are sensitive to 3D effects, making complex 3D atmospheric models important for interpreting data. Moreover, these planets are expected to host magnetic fields that will shape their resulting atmospheric circulation patterns, but little modeling work has been done to investigate these effects. In this paper, we generate high-resolution transmission spectra from General Circulation Models for the canonical UHJ WASP-76b with three different magnetic treatments in order to understand the influence of magnetic forces on the circulation. In general, spectra from all models have increasingly blueshifted net Doppler shifts as transit progresses, but we find that the differing temperature and wind fields in the upper atmospheres of these models result in measurable differences. We find that magnetic effects may be contributing to the unusual trends previously seen in transmission for this planet. Our B = 3 Gauss active drag model in particular shows unique trends not found in the models with simpler or no magnetic effects. The net Doppler shifts are additionally influenced by the dominant opacity sources in each wavelength range considered, as each species probes different regions of the atmosphere and are sensitive to spatial differences in the circulation. This work highlights the ongoing need for models of planets in this temperature regime to consider both 3D and magnetic effects when interpreting high-resolution transmission spectra.
Modeling and Orbital Parameters of Kepler Heartbeat Stars
Authors: Li Min-Yu , Qian Sheng-Bang , Zhu Li-Ying , Liao Wen-Ping , Zhao Er-Gang , Shi Xiang-Dong , Sun Qi-Bin
Published: May 2023

Heartbeat stars (HBSs) are astrophysical laboratories for studying binaries with eccentric orbits. A catalog of 173 Kepler HBSs was reported by Kirk et al., and we have modeled 153 of them by using a corrected version of Kumar et al.'s model based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. The orbital parameters, including orbital period, eccentricity, orbital inclination, the argument of periastron, and epoch of the periastron passage of these HBSs, have been determined and are presented. Orbital parameters of more than 100 systems are obtained for the first time. After comparing the parameters of 38 overlapping systems with previous works, it is shown that the orbital parameters of HBSs can be reliably derived using this method. These samples can also be valuable targets for future studies of the structures and evolution of HBSs. The eccentricity–period (e–P) relation also reveals the existence of orbital circularization in HBSs. We then propose an empirical equation for the relationship between the upper limit of eccentricity and the orbital period in systems with orbital periods less than 10 days based on the e–P relation. In addition, it is possible that seven systems in the catalog with eccentricity less than 0.02 should be excluded from the HBS candidates.
Mitigating Cosmic Microwave Background Shadow Degradation of Tensor-to-scalar Ratio Measurements through Map-based Studies
Authors: Murokoshi Tamaki , Chinone Yuji , Nashimoto Masashi , Ichiki Kiyotomo , Hattori Makoto
Published: June 2023

It has been pointed out that the spurious cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode polarization signals caused by the absorption of the CMB monopole component due to the Galactic interstellar matter, called the CMB shadow, degrade the accuracy of detecting the CMB B-mode polarization signals imprinted by primordial gravitational waves. We have made a realistic estimation using simulated sky maps of how the CMB shadow affects forthcoming high-precision CMB B-mode experiments for the first time. The delta-map method, an internal template method taking into account the first-order spatial variation of foregrounds’ spectral parameters, is applied as a foreground-removal method. We show that if the CMB shadow effects are not taken into account in the foreground-removal process, future observations would lead to the false detection of the CMB B-mode polarization signals originating from primordial gravitational waves. We also show that the effect of the CMB shadow can be mitigated by our revised delta-map method to target the CMB B-mode polarization signals at the level of tensor-to-scalar ratio r = 0.001.
Proton therapy for reducing heart and cardiac substructure doses in Indian breast cancer patients
Authors: Nangia Sapna , Burela Nagarjuna , Noufal M. P. , Patro Kartikeswar , Wakde Manoj Gulabrao , Sharma Dayanada S.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Indians have a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, often at a younger age, than other ethnic groups. This higher baseline risk requires consideration when assessing additional cardiac morbidity of breast cancer treatment. Superior cardiac sparing is a critical dosimetric advantage of proton therapy in breast cancer radiotherapy. We report here the heart and cardiac-substructure doses and early toxicities in breast cancer patients treated post-operatively with proton therapy in India’s first proton therapy center. Materials and Methods: We treated twenty breast cancer patients with intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) from October 2019 to September 2022, eleven after breast conservation, nine following mastectomy, and appropriate systemic therapy, when indicated. The most prescribed dose was 40 GyE to the whole breast/chest wall and 48 GyE by simultaneous integrated boost to the tumor bed and 37.5 GyE to appropriate nodal volumes, delivered in 15 fractions. Results: Adequate coverage was achieved for clinical target volume (breast/chest wall), i.e., CTV40, and regional nodes, with 99% of the targets receiving 95% of the prescribed dose (V95% > 99%). The mean heart dose was 0.78 GyE and 0.87 GyE for all and left breast cancer patients, respectively. The mean left anterior descending artery (LAD) dose, LAD D0.02cc, and left ventricle dose were 2.76, 6.46, and 0.2 GyE, respectively. Mean ipsilateral lung dose, V20Gy, V5Gy, and contralateral breast dose (Dmean) were 6.87 GyE, 14.6%, 36.4%, and 0.38 GyE, respectively. Conclusion: The dose to heart and cardiac substructures is lower with IMPT than published photon therapy data. Despite the limited access to proton therapy at present, given the higher cardiovascular risk and coronary artery disease prevalence in India, the cardiac sparing achieved using this technique merits consideration for wider adoption in breast cancer treatment.
New and noteworthy species of the genus Epidendrum (Orchidaceae, Laeliinae) from the Área de Conservación Privada La Pampa del Burro, Amazonas, Peru
Authors: Arista Jessy Patricia , Hágsater Eric , Santiago Elizabeth , Edquén José D. , Pariente Elí , Oliva Manuel , Salazar Gerardo A.
Published: June 2023

Fourteen species of the genus Epidendrum, recently collected in the Área de Conservación Privada La Pampa del Burro (ACPPB), five of them new to science (Epidendrum echinatiantherumsp. nov., E. imazaensesp. nov., E. parvireflexilobumsp. nov., E. rosulatumsp. nov., and E. ochrostachyumsp. nov.), are described and illustrated. The other species include a new record for Peru (E. acrobatesii) and four for the department of Amazonas (E. brachyblastum, E. forcipatum, E. mavrodactylon, and E. tridens). Epidendrum enantilobum is here considered a synonym of Epidendrum brachyblastum. The type locality of Epidendrum cryptorhachis, originally stated as Ecuador, Guayabamba, is corrected to indicate that it refers to the valley of Guayabamba, Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru. Our results show the need to continue conducting botanical exploration in the ACPPB as a baseline for subsequent studies, including a full inventory of the orchid diversity.
What’s in a Name? That Which We Call JIA, by Any Other Name, Would It Still Be the Same Childhood Arthritis?
Authors: Yeung Rae S.M.
Published: June 2023

Disease classification remains one of the great debates in rheumatology. The age-old question of being a lumper or a splitter is now complicated by the principles underlying precision health, where the aim is for a solution tailored to each individual, technically making every person unique and their own subgroup. Continuing debate swirls over classification and nomenclature in childhood arthritis. This article will provide an unapologetically Canadian lens to the debate and highlight discussions from the recent Dunlop-Dottridge Lectureship at the 2023 Canadian Rheumatology Association Annual Scientific Meeting.
L’avocat et l’enquête historique. Le contentieux des biens spoliés
Authors: Hershkovitch Corinne
Published: June 2023

Sollicité par les ayants droit de propriétaires juifs dépossédés pendant la Seconde guerre mondiale, l’avocat est aujourd’hui amené à retracer l’itinéraire du bien spolié pour démontrer la dépossession illégitime de son propriétaire. Ce faisant, il intervient dans la procédure du débat contradictoire en tant que chercheur de mémoire : le contentieux des biens spoliés constitue ainsi pour l’avocat un moyen de modeler la mémoire collective d’un pays mais aussi l’écriture de l’Histoire. L’avocat occupe alors un rôle dans la recherche du juste, intervenant à chaque étape de l’élaboration de la décision judiciaire afin d’en pointer les incertitudes.
L’accueil du nouveau-né : du monde des esprits à celui des parents
Authors: Pilyser Ève
Published: June 2023

Relevant des différences marquées dans les modalités d’accueil du nouveau-né, entre les peuples occidentaux et ceux issus des sociétés traditionnelles, l’auteure met en exergue l’éventail des aménagements parentaux dans la gestion de l’ambivalence et des mécanismes de projection à l’encontre du nourrisson. Face à toute naissance, quand l’Occident tend à occulter la figure de l’ancêtre, celle-ci domine sous son potentiel vengeur dans le monde des esprits cher aux cultures indigènes. Émerge la question de la dette vitale – liée au risque de l’infanticide – articulée à celle de la responsabilité des parents à s’inscrire à leur juste place au sein de la chaîne transgénérationnelle. Condition nécessaire à l’enfant, quelle que soit sa culture, pour qu’il bénéficie d’une transmission pleinement constructive et évolutive.
Assistante sociale à la campagne
Authors: Kowalczuk Sylvie
Published: June 2023

Témoignage d’une assistante de service social sur la situation des personnes accompagnées qui vivent à la campagne (mobilités, minimas sociaux et représentations) et la singularité de travailler à la campagne (échanges, contact avec la nature).
Jeunes ruraux en manque de ressources. Un défi pour des travailleurs sociaux innovants
Authors: Melou François , Mélou Cécile
Published: June 2023

Approche psychosociale de la problématique des jeunes “invisibilisés” dans le milieu rural, impactés par la double problématique de l’isolement et de la fracture numérique. À l’échelle d’un territoire d’action sociale, le modèle de la conservation des ressources de Hobfoll questionne la dynamique des ressources par le prisme de l’innovation sociale des travailleurs sociaux du Service d’accrochage et de mobilisation des invisibles et des éducateurs de l’Action éducative en milieu ouvert. Une évolution du travail social pour venir combler le reflux de l’État dans le milieu rural, tout en apportant un accompagnement indispensable pour réamorcer la spirale des gains de ressources, mise à mal par la crise sanitaire au sein de familles fragilisées initialement par la situation économique. Ce sont des convictions fortes qui guident les travailleurs sociaux dans leurs innovations sociales mues par un sens aigu de justice sociale.
Éducation physique et sportive (EPS) en institut médico-éducatif. La balle au prisonnier et l’enfant en situation de handicap
Authors: Blin Ludovic
Published: June 2023

La balle aux prisonniers est un jeu qui est souvent plébiscité par les enfants en situation de handicap lors de séances d’éducation physique et sportive. En quoi ce jeu favorise-t-il la participation des enfants en situation de handicap ? Une recherche tente de répondre à partir de concepts de Gilles Brougère et Jacques Henriot sur la notion d’affordance, de Stephen Billett sur les communautés de pratique et d’Etienne Wenger sur les communautés de pratique.
Déployer les styles visant l’agencement des sens dans le design : de l’ambiguïté fonctionnelle à la performance rituelle
Authors: Adverse Angélica , Dornas Adriana
Published: June 2023

Au Brésil, durant les trois dernières décennies, le designer brésilien Rodrigo Almeida a introduit dans ses recherches les savoirs amérindiens dans son processus créatif et, dans certains cas, dans l’aboutissement de ses projets. Il s’agit de modèles d’agentivité dans lesquels le rôle de l’innovation s’intègre aux valeurs et à l’ écologie des savoirs des peuples autochtones. Dans l’objectif d’analyser la relation entre l’art et le design à partir des travaux intitulés Subliminar (2018) et Exu (2019) de Almeida, nous traiterons tout d’abord des deux questions abordées par Alfred Gell (2018) : le style et l’agentivité ( agency ). Ensuite, nous étudierons la façon dont le processus d’ancestralisation dans le design remet en cause la distinction entre l’artisanat, l’art et le design. Finalement, nous nous interrogerons sur l’insertion du rite dans la transfiguration de l’objet en artefact.
The most influence factor of the medical competence achievement regarding patient management ability on medical school graduates
Authors: Kusmiati Mia , Prawiradilaga Rizky Suganda , Tursina Alya
Published: June 2023

Purpose: A doctor’s professional behavior and clinical competency reflect a range of personal and interpersonal qualities, attributes, commitments, and values. This study aimed to identify the most influential factor of medical competence regarding patient management ability.Methods: We used an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach, and gathered the perceptions of medical school graduates of Bandung Islamic University via an online questionnaire scored on a Likert scale. Two hundred and six medical graduates who graduated at least 3 years prior to survey were included in the study. The factors evaluated included humanism, cognitive competence, clinical skill competence, professional behavior, patient management ability, and interpersonal skill. IBM AMOS ver. 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, USA) was used for structural equation modelling of the six variables latent and 35 indicator variables.Results: We found that graduates have highly positive perceptions of the humanism (95.67%). Followed by interpersonal skills (91.26%), patient management (89.53%), professional behavior (88.47%), and cognitive competence (87.12%). They rated clinical skill competence the lowest (81.7%). Regarding factors that contribute to patient management ability, the aspects of humanism, interpersonal skill, and professional behavior were found to significantly affect patient management ability (p-value=0.035, 0.00, and 0.00, respectively) with a critical rate of 2.11, 4.31, and 4.26 consecutively.Conclusion: Humanism and interpersonal skill are two important factors that medical graduates assessed very positively. According to surveyed medical graduates, their expectations of the institution were met regarding humanism. However, there is a need to strengthen medical students’ clinical skills and improve their cognitive abilities through educational programs.
Promoting medical student’s clinical reasoning during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hermasari Bulan Kakanita , Nugroho Dian , Maftuhah Atik , Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini , Budiastuti Veronika Ika , Laras Adaninggar Angesti
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The development of students’ clinical reasoning skills should be a consideration in the design of instruction and evaluation in medical education. In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several changes in the medical curriculum have been implemented in promoting clinical reasoning. This study aims to explore medical students’ perceptions and experiences with the clinical reasoning curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic and determine their skills development.Methods: The study used a mixed-method design with a concurrent approach. A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare and examine the relationship between the outcomes of the structured oral examination (SOE) and the Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI). Then, the qualitative method was used. A focus group discussion using a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions was conducted, then the verbatim transcript was subjected to thematic analysis.Results: There is an increase in SOE and DTI scores between second-year to fourth-year students. The diagnostic thinking domains and SOE are significantly correlated (r=0.302, 0.313, and 0.241 with p<0.05). The three primary themes from the qualitative analysis are perceptions regarding clinical reasoning, clinical reasoning activities, and the learning component.Conclusion: Even if students are still studying throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, their clinical reasoning skills can improve. The clinical reasoning and diagnostic thinking skills of medical students increase as the length of the school year increases. Online case-based learning and assessment support the development of clinical reasoning skills. The skills are supported in their development by positive attitudes toward faculty, peers, case type, and prior knowledge.