bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurements of induced vibrations due to steel pipe pile driving in Al-Fao soil: Effect of partial end closure
Authors: Saher Hamed S. , Al-Jubair Haider S. , Ali Jaafar K.
Published: March 2024

The experimental study investigated the impact of partially closing the end of a tubular steel pile with a diameter of 1.22 m on the induced driving vibrations. Long piles, spanning 50 m, were driven into Al-Fao soil using hammers from Daewoo Company – the PTC-110HD vibro-hammer for the initial 24 m of penetration and the IHC S-280 hydro-hammer for the remaining depth. This study established comparisons between open-end pipe (OEP) and partially closed pipe (PCP) piles concerning various parameters. These parameters included the number of blows, driving energy delivered by the hydro-hammer along the depth, and the peak soil particle velocity (PPV). Data collection was carried out using pile dynamic integral sensors for pile driving analysis, strain gauges placed along the lengths of the piles, and geophones positioned at varying distances from the pile. The results of the study unveiled a substantial effect of partial closure on the vibration response. Specifically, vibrations in the vicinity of the pile were amplified by a factor of 3–4 at depths ranging from 1 to 22 m where the vibro-hammer was employed, and by a factor of 2.5 to over 3 for the remaining depth where the hydro-hammer was utilized. Furthermore, it was observed that the rate of vibration attenuation was higher for the OEP when compared to the PCP. The vibrations are attenuated along the distance from the source where the PPV is decreased to approximately average (3.5% for OEP) and (2.3% for PCP) at a distance of around two times the penetration depth (50 m) for all embedded depths. Varied properties like stiffness, density, and damping in different soils can influence the propagation of vibrations differently. Nonetheless, as the distance from the vibration source increases, the impact of soil properties may diminish, and the vibrations tend to homogenize. Consequently, the statistical analyses yielded empirical equations that can be used for estimating vibrations in scenarios involving similar pile and hammer characteristics within comparable site conditions.
Multifunctional hydrogel based on silk fibroin/thermosensitive polymers supporting implant biomaterials in osteomyelitis
Authors: Noosak Chayanee , Jantorn Pavarish , Thonglam Jutakan , Chuaychoosakoon Chaiwat , Meesane Jirut , Sotthibandhu Dennapa Saeloh
Published: March 2024

The search for novel antibiotic-loaded biomaterials that support the management of osteomyelitis has been extensive in current years. This study developed multifunctional hydrogel to enhance the performance of osteo-conduction and antimicrobial as supporting implant materials for osteomyelitis treatment and prevention. Ciprofloxacin-loaded thermosensitive hydrogels composed of silk fibroin and poloxamers were prepared using the cold method. F1, F2, and F3 formulations resulted in gelation time of within 3 min under 37°C. Physical evaluation showed that the formulations, especially F3, had a proper swelling ratio and 82.34% biodegradability within 14 days. Ciprofloxacin from formulations exhibited an initial burst release within 24 h and continuous delivery, with more than 84% release over 14 days. Released antibiotics showed efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and eradicating activity against biofilms. Moreover, hydrogels had no cytotoxic effect on MC3T3-E1 cells with 93–106% cell viability. This multifunctional hydrogel showed a promising approach for supporting osteomyelitis treatment and prevention.
Optimum design of additively manufactured aerospace components with different lattice structures
Authors: Taşçı Mert , Erdaş Mehmet Umut , Kopar Mehmet , Yıldız Betül Sultan , Yıldız Ali Rıza
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, the need for new technologies is increasing, especially to find solutions to the inadequacies in the production of complex structures. The additive manufacturing methods developed facilitate the production of complex parts and move the technology forward with factors such as cost and efficiency. With the optimization of new parts designed by additive manufacturing methods, it is possible to obtain the optimum product even in the most complex structures. At the end of the production process, the final product with the desired properties is obtained as a result of part size tolerance precision and optimizations. In this study, lattice optimization is applied to a passenger aircraft bracket. It is aimed to reduce the weight and, at the same time, increase the efficiency of the part by optimizing it with lattice structures. For this purpose, the Altair Inspire program was used, and the variation of mass, displacement, safety coefficient, and stress values of the part according to different lattice structures were investigated.
The interplay between linguistic and non-verbal communication in an interpreter-mediated main hearing of a victim’s testimony
Authors: Määttä Simo , Kinnunen Tuija
Published: March 2024

This article examines verbal and non-verbal communication between the interpreter and the injured party in a video-recorded main hearing of a criminal matter at a court of first instance in Finland. The language of the court was Finnish and the interpreter and injured party communicated in French, the interpreter’s B language and the injured party’s second language. Due to differences in the two participants’ ability to communicate in French, their verbal communication was characterized by significant problems. A salient feature of their communication consisted of abundant gesturing on the part of the injured party and the interpreter’s mirroring of these gestures and putting them into words in her renditions. The interpreter’s renderings combined mimicking of the injured party’s gestures, language interpretation, and intermodal (gesture to language) interpretation, as well as elements that had been mentioned previously by other participants. The analysis highlights the problematic status of intermodal and multimodal translation from the viewpoint of legal norms, interpreting norms, and the theory of multimodality. It calls for increased sociolinguistic awareness among interpreters, legal experts, and interpreting studies scholars, as well as greater communication between the theory and practice of multimodality and intermodality in the dialogue interpreting of spoken languages.
Nonlinear optical response of strain-mediated gallium arsenide microwire in the near-infrared region
Authors: Cui Xiangpeng , Huo Wenjun , Qiu Linlu , Zhao Likang , Wang Junjie , Lou Fei , Zhang Shuaiyi , Khayrudinov Vladislav , Tam Wing Yim , Lipsanen Harri , Yang He , Wang Xia
Published: March 2024

Gallium arsenide (GaAs) semiconductor wires have emerged as potent candidates for nonlinear optical devices, necessitating bandgap engineering for an expanded operational wavelength range. We report the successful growth of strain-mediated GaAs microwires (MWs) with an average diameter of 1.1 μm. The axial tensile strain in these wires, as measured by X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering, ranges from 1.61 % to 1.95 % and from 1.44 % to 2.03 %, respectively. This strain condition significantly reduces the bandgap of GaAs MWs compared to bulk GaAs, enabling a response wavelength extension up to 1.1 μm. Open aperture Z-scan measurements reveal a nonlinear absorption coefficient of −15.9 cm/MW and a third-order magnetic susceptibility of −2.8 × 10−8 esu at 800 nm for these MWs. I-scan measurements further show that the GaAs saturable absorber has a modulation depth of 7.9 % and a nonsaturation loss of 3.3 % at 1050 nm. In laser applications, GaAs MWs have been effectively used as saturable absorbers for achieving Q-switched and dual-wavelength synchronous mode-locking operations in Yb-bulk lasers. These results not only offer new insights into the use of large diameter semiconductor wires but also expand the potential for applications requiring bandgap tuning.
Metasurface with all-optical tunability for spatially-resolved and multilevel thermal radiation
Authors: Jiao Shuhui , Zhao Kang , Jiang Jianhui , Zhao Kailin , Guo Qin , Wang Jingbo , Zhang Yansong , Chen Gang , Cheng Qian , Zuo Pei , Han Weina
Published: March 2024

Manipulating the thermal emission in the infrared (IR) range significantly impacts both fundamental scientific research and various technological applications, including IR thermal camouflage, information encryption, and radiative cooling. While prior research has put forth numerous materials and structures for these objectives, the significant challenge lies in attaining spatially resolved and dynamically multilevel control over their thermal emissions. In this study, a one-step ultrafast laser writing technique is experimentally demonstrated to achieve position-selective control over thermal emission based on the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). Ultrafast laser writing technique enables direct fabrication and manipulation of laser-induced crystalline micro/nano-structures on GST films. Thermal emission can be precisely controlled by adjusting the pulse energy of the ultrafast laser, achieving a high thermal emissivity modulation precision of 0.0014. By controlling thermal emission, the ultrafast laser writing technique enables multilevel patterned processing. This provides a promising approach for multilevel IR thermal camouflage, which is demonstrated with emissivity-modulated GST emitters. Remarkably, ultrafast laser-induced crystalline micro/nano-structures display geometric grating features, resulting in a diffraction-based structural color effect. This study demonstrates the effective use of laser-printed patterns for storing information in both visible and infrared spectrum.
Deciphering the synergistic potential of mycogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles and bio-slurry formulation on phenology and physiology of Vigna radiata
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Hiregoudar Sharanagouda , Chauhan Ritika , Varma Ajit , Prasad Ram , Goel Arti
Published: March 2024

Nanobiofertilizers have emerged as an innovative tool for enhancing crop productivity. In the current research, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were mycosynthesized using cell-free supernatant of Trichoderma harzianum and optimized for physical parameters. Characterization using UV-Visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering analysis, zeta potential analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy-EDX, and HR-Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation of ZnONPs with flower-like morphology and average size of 314 nm. The average zeta potential value of the ZnONPs was +1.9 mV indicating the formation of neutral NPs. FTIR peak at 401 cm−1 revealed the presence of ZnONPs. XRD analysis confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite crystalline nature of the ZnONPs. The effect of ZnONPs at 10–1,000 ppm combined with liquid bio-slurry (BS) was studied on seed germination and growth of Vigna radiata. Combination of 250 ppm ZnONPs and BS at 1:2 ratio showed 22.6% increase in shoot length as well as 18.4% increase in root length as compared to control in in vitro studies. In Vivo pot experiments showed no significant difference in secondary metabolites after 60 days, but the root length increased by 38.9% and shoot length increased by 46.95% compared to the control.
“Tears have never won anyone freedom:” a multimodal discourse analysis of Ukraine’s use of memes in a propaganda war of global scale
Authors: Poepsel Mark A. , Malo Andrew , Obuekwe Chinedu , Wilhelm Mikayla , Perea Góngora Valquiria , Daiber David
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This paper analyzes memes posted by @Ukraine to X, formerly known as Twitter, from the account’s inception in 2016 through September 2023 to examine the function and utility of memes as tools of propaganda in global conflict.

Methods

A multimodal discourse analysis of more than 100 memes was conducted by a small research group to separate the memes into thematic categories in an exploratory fashion. Then, a small subset of the research group conducted a recursive analysis on the images and text in a handful of memes selected purposively to determine what types of ideological appeals were present.

Results

Our findings align with observations made in previous studies that internet memes might be used to bolster national unity and might be employed to bolster pleas for sympathy from wealthy, more powerful allies, in this case in the West. The essential propaganda ideals were those of democracy, friendship, and independence on the side of Ukraine while Russia is framed as a dictatorship.

Practical Implications

A small number of the memes referenced in our paper garnered global media attention. Though we do not make any claims about broad media effects relating to the memes studied here, garnering the attention of major U.S. publication seems clearly to have been a goal of some of these memes. For those who wish to find a key to the playbook for a nation’s propaganda strategy, its social media memes are a great place to begin.

Social Implications

It is apparent in this study that governments might use memes to cover all their propaganda bases, so to speak. Ukraine’s memes appear to serve mainly to reinforce messages of national unity and messages of connection with the West.

Originality

Though others have studied @Ukraine’s tweets, this is believed to be the first to focus exclusively on memes posted to the feed. This study makes a significant contribution to our understanding of how wildly varied memes can communicate core concepts of a propaganda strategy, perhaps with the hope that a few will “hit” with desired media outlets, if only to bolster propaganda efforts.
Estrategia en Twitter de los grandes partidos políticos españoles: PSOE y PP en las autonómicas de 2023.
Authors: De Sola Pueyo Javier , Pascual Santisteve Ainara
Published: March 2024

Introducción: El crecimiento en el uso de las redes sociales y sus ventajas han convertido a Twitter en un canal crucial para la comunicación política en periodos de campaña. Con la presente investigación, se pretende analizar el uso de esta plataforma de microblogging por parte de los dos principales partidos políticos españoles, Partido Popular y Partido Socialista, en el caso de la campaña de las elecciones autonómicas de Aragón de 2023. Metodología: Para ello, se realiza un análisis tanto cuantitativo como cualitativo de 933 tuits, prestando atención a la temática, función, tipología, estructura y capacidad de interacción de dichas publicaciones. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos son la observación de distintos grados de personalización de los contenidos, un uso abundante de la red social Twitter en forma de altavoz propagandístico y la ausencia de horizontalidad. Discusión y conclusiones: Finalmente, el estudio permite concluir que, aunque se observan algunos elementos vinculados con la creatividad, los partidos políticos disponen de un margen notable para potenciar la originalidad de sus mensajes en la red social y, especialmente, el diálogo con sus electores y/o seguidores.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE “RESTITUIÇÃO” (RESTITUTIO)
Authors: Hofmeister Pich Roberto
Published: March 2024

Neste estudo, busca-se uma exposição e uma análise da teoria tomasiana da “restituição” (restitutio). Isso implica apresentar a restitutio como parte da teoria da justiça comutativa e expor os vários aspectos de consideração que servem como pressupostos e condições para a sua realização virtuosa. Em particular, procura-se analisar a confluência de motivos normativos e penitenciais que a abordagem de Tomás de Aquino contém e que, ao final, é decisiva para a devida compreensão da dimensão de obrigação que a restituição importa
LÉVI-STRAUSS LEITOR DE ROUSSEAU
Authors: Felipe de Salles Roselino Luis
Published: March 2024

A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica do século XVIII, resgataremos elementos que estavam naraiz da concepção universalista de homem desse século, como pertencente ao continuum da natureza.Com recurso aos métodos da antropologia estrutural, analisaremos nosso objeto que está situado nosdomínios do pensamento científico do século XVIII. O principal objetivo consistirá em identificar erecuperar a influência de alguns “mitos” acerca de seres antropomorfos, recuperando a origem dealgumas representações gráficas desses seres. A partir de algumas fontes de Rousseau e seuscontemporâneos, esboçaremos algumas versões desses mitos para, ao final, aplicarmos recursos a queLévi-Strauss recorreu diante de elementos sincrônicos e anacrônicos de sua análise do mitemas.
SUJEIÇÃO E RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Gonçalves Silva Felipe , Alcântara Mazzei Graziella , Martin Bravo Milena
Published: March 2024

Este artigo reconstrói as objeções dirigidas por Amy Allen ao modelo de sujeição contido nopensamento de Judith Butler. Em suas obras The Power of the Feminist Theory (1999) e The Politics ofOur Selves (2008), Allen atribui fragilidades políticas ao modelo de Butler em função do destinoinevitavelmente subordinante vinculado aos processos de sujeição. Apesar de suas críticas, entretanto,questionamos a capacidade de Allen superar por completo as consequências negativas vinculadas àtese da “subordinação necessária”, o que poderia comprometer seu próprio modelo de resistênciadesenvolvido em The Politics of Our Selves. Ao final, defendemos a reinserção de componenteselementares de um conceito comunicativo de ação política que perde centralidade na obra da autoraentre os anos de 1999 e 2008, o que ajuda a conceber margens mais amplas para a transformaçãopolítica dos laços sociais marcados pela subordinação de gênero e o seu lugar nos processos deformação subjetiva
A Candle in the Wind? The Tax Autonomy of Hungarian Municipalities in Light of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Pál Ádám
Published: March 2024

This article aims to offer a brief introduction to the system of local tax autonomy in Hungary, primarily by accentuating its peculiar features compared to other systems used in the region. Particular attention is paid to the local business tax, a less typical source of local revenue, which constitutes the backbone of the Hungarian system, and to the relatively recently introduced possibility for local authorities to levy so-called ‘settlement taxes’ on an open-list basis. The author then describes how the coronavirus pandemic and the measures aimed at mitigating its economic consequences affected local governments’ financing mechanism and fiscal capacity. Finally, by drawing conclusions from these occurrences, the resilience of local tax autonomy in Hungary is evaluated.
Central Bank Digital Currency as a New Form of Money
Authors: Nieborak Tomasz
Published: March 2024

The possibility of introducing another form of official money, the Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), recognised by legislation, has long been discussed worldwide. This paper aims to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution, as well as to highlight the challenges facing legislatures about the possibility of legalising digital currency and, above all, protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens participating in the process. Due to its technological nature, CBDC is characterised by a much lower level of anonymity than conventional cash, which is often presented as a disadvantage. However, an analysis of this solution seems to weigh in favour of its advantages. One of them is the possibility of using CBDCs to support the process of financial inclusion referred to in the United Nations document Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This is an important subject of academic research that can be carried out under the doctrine of financial-market law. Undoubtedly, this matter also has an increasing impact on the practice of financial-market functioning and fiscal and monetary policy decisions. In particular, financial law plays a key role in solving socioeconomic problems and is becoming an instrument for achieving the goals set by the United Nations. The research subject of CBDC is innovative and exploratory, as money, no matter how it is perceived, is, has been and will continue to be an instrument to change the world for the better.
Article 210a of the CMO Regulation: supporting the transition to a sustainable food system in the Union and strengthening the position of producers in the agri-food supply chain
Authors: Dawes Anthony
Published: March 2024

Since December 2021, Article 210a of Regulation 1308/2013 excludes certain restrictive agreements in the agricultural sector from the prohibition in Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union when those agreements are indispensable to achieve sustainability standards going beyond the mandatory EU or national rules. Moreover, on 7 December 2023, the European Commission adopted guidelines concerning the conditions for the application of Article 210a. This article therefore describes Article 210a and the Commission’s guidelines and assesses the extent to which those guidelines will contribute to the stated aim of Article 210a, which is to support the transition to a sustainable food system in the Union and to strengthen the position of producers in the agri-food supply chain.
Search for Genocide Crimes and Evidence in and Around the Territories of the Former NKVD (MGB) Headquarters in Lazdijai and Leipalingis
Authors: Čičiurkaitė Ingrida , Kvizikevičius Linas
Published: March 2024

The main idea of this work is to summarize the data from two independent studies carried out in Lazdijai and Leipalingis in 2021–2023, to share the experience and the features of the research methodology in the search for the remains of the Lithuanian partisans – the clues of the violent crimes that were committed 75–80 years ago. The aim of the article is to identify the pattern of concealment evidence and crimes committed with impunity and systematically by the NKVD troops and their henchmen – the Soviet collaborators. Two tasks are formulated to achieve this goal: firstly, to reveal the theoretical principles of the methodology of the search for evidences applied during the forensic archaeology research in the period 2021–2023 in the search for the remains of the partisans of the Southern region of Lithuania, killed in the period 1945–1952 and possibly hidden in the courtyards of the NKVD headquarters in Lazdijai and Leipalingis and their surroundings, and secondly to summarize the methodology and the results achieved during the field work.
Language consulting and language management from the perspective of the Hungarian Language Consulting Service
Authors: Ludányi Zsófia , Domonkosi Ágnes
Published: March 2024

Applying the framework of Language Management Theory, the paper explores how language consulting services may be involved in the management of various language problems experienced by speakers. Focusing on the discourse-shaping activity of everyday speakers, Language Management Theory is a comprehensive theoretical framework aimed at the detection, analysis and treatment of linguistic and communicative problems. One viable path toward solving language problems is for language users to contact a language consulting service. The paper shows how the Language Consulting Service of the HUN-REN Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics applies problem-management practices to the spelling and language use problems of inquirers. The practice of institutional language consulting provides a bridge between simple and organised language management processes, and between the micro and macro levels of management. In today’s complex linguistic context, which promotes linguistic diversity, the role of language consulting services is primarily to provide a data-driven and discursive approach to language problems, working closely with the language users themselves.
Teaching the Hungarian accusative case to native speakers of Swedish – problems and solutions
Authors: Tillinger Gábor
Published: March 2024

The accusative case has a widespread use in Hungarian, as it marks direct objects, and it is also used to form certain types of adverbials. In standard Swedish, nouns used as direct objects are never marked, and expressing the direct object function is linked to invariant structural positions in sentences, while traces of (formal and functional) accusative remain in active usage for personal pronouns only. Besides, the Hungarian accusative usually causes extra difficulties for Swedish native speakers because of the resemblance of the Hungarian accusative suffix ‑(V)t and the Swedish suffixed definite article ‑(e)t for neuter nouns in singular.The paper demonstrates different types of mistakes made by Swedish university students learning Hungarian, comparing their difficulties to those of other students having Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic or Finnish as mother-tongue. A similar issue concerning accusative in the South Saami language is presented as well. The paper also discusses how the Hungarian accusative can be effectively introduced to Swedish learners.
Benefits of fire in shrub control in the grasslands of the monte province, Rio Negro, Argentina
Authors: Kröpfl Alicia , Bolla Daniel , Villasuso Natalia , Avilés Lucrecia
Published: March 2024

In the grasslands in the NE of Río Negro province, Argentina controlled burning or mechanical clearing are common practices to reduce the shrub layer and improve the forage supply of the grasslands that constitute the basis of extensive livestock breeding. In one area of the region, we estimated the Aerial Net Primary Productivity (ANPP) and evaluated the quality of the dominant grasses over three years in grasslands subjected to mechanical clearing and burning, through seasonal cuts of biomass and laboratory analysis. We also recorded the phenology of the dominant grasses and shrubs. We obtained higher values of Crude Protein and Dry Matter Digestibility of the grasses in spring, since they were mainly in the vegetative stage, and the differences were significantly greater in the burned site. This effect of fire would be due both to the regrowth and to the increase in the proportion of vegetative material generated by this disturbance. Mechanical clearing had no significant effects on quality, although it increased the ANPP. When analyzing phenological behavior, our results showed better conditions for livestock production in the disturbed sites, with a higher proportion of vegetative growth of the grasses and greater senescence of the shrubs.
Nature-based solutions for future earth: harnessing the power of ecosystems
Authors: Port Keny J New
Published: March 2024

Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer a promising approach to address the complex environmental challenges facing Future Earth. By harnessing the power of ecosystems, NbS provides innovative and sustainable strategies for solving a wide range of societal issues while promoting biodiversity conservation and ecosystem resilience. This article explores the concept of NbS and its potential applications in shaping a sustainable and ecologically sound future. The article begins by defining NbS and highlighting its fundamental principles, which include the use of natural processes, the integration of social and ecological systems, and the enhancement of ecosystem services. It then delves into the various domains where NbS can make a significant impact, such as climate change adaptation and mitigation, water management, urban planning, and disaster risk reduction. Drawing upon real-world examples and case studies, the article showcases the effectiveness of NbS in diverse contexts. From restoring coastal wetlands to protect against sea-level rise to implementing green infrastructure in urban areas for stormwater management, NbS demonstrates its potential as a cost-effective and resilient alternative to conventional approaches. Furthermore, the article discusses the multiple co-benefits associated with NbS, including improved air and water quality, enhanced human health and well-being, and the promotion of sustainable livelihoods. It highlights the importance of stakeholder engagement and collaboration among scientists, policymakers, communities, and businesses in implementing NbS at various scales. Lastly, the article addresses the challenges and barriers to widespread adoption of NbS, such as policy frameworks, financing mechanisms, and knowledge gaps. It calls for integrated approaches that combine scientific knowledge, traditional ecological knowledge, and innovative technologies to unlock the full potential of NbS. In conclusion, this article emphasizes the crucial role of NbS in creating a sustainable and resilient Future Earth. By recognizing and valuing the services provided by ecosystems, we can forge a path towards a harmonious coexistence with nature while addressing pressing societal needs. Through the harnessing of the power of ecosystems, NbS offers a transformative approach to building a sustainable future for all.
Cholera outbreak investigation report in Mille woreda, Afar region, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Mekonen Hana , Amene Kefyalew , Bisrat Dr Samrawit , Abye Tesfahun
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Cholera has remained as one of the important public health problems in Asia and Africa causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Although the burden is greatest in low-income populations with poor access to safe water, and sanitation, cholera is also an important health problem globally. Cholera occurs both as a short outbreak and protracted epidemic/pandemic and when uncontrolled; is devastating to communities and to their prospects for development. To respond quickly and control the outbreak, investigation is crucial; identify risk factors that cause the outbreak, and suggest prevention and control measures. Objective: To identify risk factors and etiology of diarrheal disease outbreak and suggest prevention and control measures in Mille woreda, Afar region Ethiopia, May- June, 2018. Method: Descriptive followed by unmatched case-control study with 1:2 ratio were conducted from May-June 2018. A total of 68 patients and 136 controls were enrolled. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used and medical records and line lists review. Simple random sampling was used to select controls and the first 68 cases. Data were analyzed by SPSS and presented using odd ratio, and tables. Environmental and patient samples were collected for culture and rapid diagnostic test. Result: The investigation identified 229 cholera patients, including 22 rapid diagnostic test confirmed patients and seven culture confirmed patients (attack rate: 8.31%, 229/27,562). Index patient were imported from epi-linked woreda. Diglena geraro kebele were the Epicenter of the outbreak. Epicure trend shows common source infection. Using bifurcation of Awash River for drinking, use untreated/ uncoiled water, poor hand washing practices, and close contact with cholera sick person were found to be associated with cholera. Conclusion: This outbreak was caused by vibrio cholera 01 secondary to drinking water from a bifurcation of Awash River and using untreated water. Contact with diseased person, and use untreated/ uncoiled water was associated with being patients. In order to reduce the risk of cholera, safe drinking water or water treatment chemicals needs to be provided to communities.
The meaning of time: A digital, complex variable
Authors: Yōshin Ulianov Policarpo
Published: March 2024

This article explores the intricate concept of time, delving into its digital and complex nature. It presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis, revealing how time's multifaceted characteristics are essential for understanding various cosmic phenomena. The study extends to the implications of these properties in the realms of Cosmic Inflation and String Theory, particularly focusing on the accelerated expansion of space. This work aims to offer a deeper perspective on the complex nature of time, enriching the existing theories in Relativity and Cosmology, and providing a novel framework for viewing time beyond traditional interpretations.
ROLE OF POTASSIUM CHANNEL TREK-1 IN MECHANOSENSITIVITY OF SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS FROM RAT DETRUSOR
Authors:   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yeliashov S.I. , Sharopov B.R. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shuba Ya.M. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

Currently, TREK-1 is considered to be the main mechanosensitive channel in detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) cells. The aim of our study was to detect the functioning of the K+-conducting mechanosensitive TREK-1 channel in rat DSM cells using the patch-clamp technique in response to hydrodynamic stimulation (shear stress) and to determine the effects of a TREK-1 agonist – arachidonic acid (AA) and an antagonist – L-methionine. Mechanical stimulation of DSM cells using hydrodynamic stress led to the appearance of a membrane current with signs of pronounced outward rectification at positive membrane potentials, which is typical of TREK-1 activation. The application of AA (50 mcmol/l) activated a current with similar characteristics of the outward rectification to the shear stress-activated one. L-methionine (10 mcmol/l) almost completely prevented the generation of an outwardly rectifying current in response to shear stress stimulation. DSM cells also retained the ability to generate a mechanoactivated current with a more pronounced inward component when extracellular and intracellular K+ were replaced by Cs+. It was concluded that the dominant mechanoactivated current in rat DSM cells is carried by K+-selective TREK-1 channels, but a small portion of this current can also be carried by other nonselective mechanosensitive cation channels.
Evaluación progresiva del desarrollo de competencias en estudiantes de educación superior
Authors: Silva Daniela , Rojas Constanza , Pizarro David , Herrera Francisca
Published: March 2024

La educación basada en el desarrollo de competencias se plantea como una solución a las demandas impuestas por la globalización y la sociedad del conocimiento, puesto que este enfoque formativo responde a los requerimien- tos que las disciplinas, la sociedad y los ámbitos de desempeño demandan. Con la implementación de estos modelos, las universidades se vieron interpeladas por la necesidad de cambio, no sólo en lo que respecta a sus saberes, sino también en sus creencias y prácticas; exigiéndoles implementar iniciativas que deben ir a la par con el desarrollo del conocimiento. El presente estudio explora los conocimientos y prácticas sobre la generación de perfiles intermedios y sus procesos de evaluación en estudiantes de educación superior. Se realiza una revisión de literatura y un benchmarking comparativo entre 5 universidades chilenas seleccionadas por poseer documentos oficiales de libre acceso en sus páginas web; textos que muestran un escaso desarrollo teórico empírico de la temática. Las experiencias reportadas por las universidades exponen puntos de confluencia en: formas evaluación de la progresión, profundidad, número de hitos evaluativos y aspectos de diseño instruccional y didáctico. Se discuten los resultados y se concluye con orientaciones prácticas para la definición de competencias intermedias y su evaluación en educación superior.
Eating attitudes and restrictive diets in an adult population
Authors: Da Silva Barbosa Gabrielle , Vinholes Daniele Botelho
Published: March 2024

Aims: to investigate if individuals, who have already been and/or are still on restrictive diets, present high scores for risk of disordered eating attitudes.Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out online in the Research Electronic Data Capture platform using social media (Instagram and Whatsapp). The study sample consisted of 539 individuals aged over 18 years and the questionnaire was divided into three parts: sociodemographic data, questions about the practice of restrictive diets developed by the authors, and the Disordered Eating Attitudes Scale. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables and the Student’s t or ANOVA tests were used to compare averages. The significance level adopted was 5%.Results: the final mean in the Disordered Eating Attitudes Scale was 74.4 (SD=18.6). Individuals who had already been and/or are still on restrictive diets presented higher scores than those who had never been on this type of diet.Conclusions: eating attitudes of individuals who adhere to restrictive diets tend to be less healthy than those who have never been on this type of diet. Our findings demonstrate an increased focus on weight-related concerns following these dietary practices, as well as the challenges faced in maintaining a desired weight.
Distribution and use of tax support for housing in the Czech Republic
Authors: Kirschnerová Pavlína , Janoušková Jana
Published: March 2024

This article focuses on mortgage interest deduction (MID) as an indirect tax support for acquiring one's housing. This form of support is the most widely used in the Czech Republic compared to other tax reliefs and causes the highest losses for the government budget. This paper provides quantitative evidence on how the MID was distributed among taxpayers in the Czech Republic in the period 2008–2019 in relation to taxable income and revenue losses for the government budget. Furthermore, it assesses the effectiveness of these tax measures in reducing socioeconomic inequalities among taxpayers. Research based on the application of the MID in tax returns has shown the effective distribution of the MID until 2017. Tax support for housing was used mainly by taxpayers with low taxable income, which is also the largest group. The essence of vertical equity has been fulfilled, which contributed to reducing the level of social inequality. This positive distributional effect has diminished over time. As of 2019, the highest share of public expenditure was redistributed to taxpayers with higher taxable income, indicating the existence of inequalities in the tax system. The different developments over time have shown that the use of the mortgage interest deduction cannot be assessed statically, as it evolves dynamically over time.
STATUS GENETIK IKAN LELE MUTIARA BERDASARKAN SEKUEN GEN Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI)
Authors: Suprapto Rommy , Iswanto Bambang
Published: March 2024

Ikan lele Mutiara merupakan salah satu strain unggul hasil pemuliaan di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari status genetik ikan lele Mutiara (Clarias sp.) dari variasi sekuen parsial gen COI dari mitokondria. Ikan uji yang digunakan berupa 15 ekor ikan lele Mutiara. DNA genom ikan lele Mutiara diekstraksi dari sirip ekor, kemudian fragmen DNA diamplifikasi dengan primer spesifik COI dan selanjutnya dilakukan sekuensing. Hasil sekuens yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis estimasi substitusi nukleotida, pohon filogenik, estimasi jarak genetik, dan komposisi asam amino residu dengan membandingkan data hasil sekuens dari ikan lele C. macrocephalus, C. batrachus, C. fuscus. dan C. gariepinus yang tersedia di database GenBank. Hasil analisis pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa ikan lele Mutiara terpisah dengan kelompok ikan lele yang lain. Parameter lainnya memperkuat analisis sebelumnya bahwa ikan lele Mutiara tidak hanya memiliki perbedaan genetis dengan spesies ikan lele lainnya, tetapi juga dengan jenis ikan lele Afrika (C. gariepinus).Mutiara catfish is one of the superior strains resulting from breeding program in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the genetic status of the Mutiara catfish (Clarias sp.) by looking at the diversity in the partial sequence of mitocondrial COI gene and to add genetic data of economically important freshwater fish in Indonesia. The sample fish used were a collection of 15 Mutiara catfish. Data analysis consisted of estimation of nucleotide substitution, phylogenetic tree, estimation of genetic distance, and amino acid composition by comparing secondary data from sequences of C. macrocephalus, C. batrachus, C. fuscus. and C. gariepinus wich was available at Genbank NCBI. The results of the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that Mutiara catfish were separated from other catfish groups. Other parameters also show that Mutiara catfish not only have genetic differences with other Clarias species, but also with C. gariepinus there are also genetic differences.
PREVALENSI INFEKSI EHP (Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei) PADA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) BERDASARKAN DATA SURVEILLANCE DI BALI, INDONESIA
Authors: Aras Annisa Khairani , Fikriyah Amiqatul , Pratiwi Gusti Ayu Intan , Nurlita Wahyu
Published: March 2024

Data surveillance dapat memberikan informasi tentang ada atau tidaknya penyebaran infeksi penyakit pada suatu wilayah. Salah satu penyakit infeksi yang menyerang udang vaname adalah enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) yang disebabkan oleh mikrosporidia di mana populasi udang yang terserang penyakit ini memiliki ukuran panen yang tidak seragam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi infeksi penyakit EHP pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) berdasarkan data surveillance di Bali. Sampel udang sebanyak 75 buah yang berasal dari Kabupaten Jembrana, Buleleng dan Karangasam dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi EHP tertinggi ditemukan di Kabupaten Karangasem, yakni sebesar 86,67% yang diikuti oleh Kabupaten Jembrana sebesar 70,00% dan Kabupaten Buleleng dengan prevalensi 66.67 %. Dengan nilai prevalensi tersebut, mengindikasikan bahwa EHP merupakan jenis infeksi yang sering menyerang budidaya udang vaname. Gejala klinis yang ditemukan pada semua sampel berupa hepatopankreas berwarna pucat dan lunak serta saluran pencernaan berwarna putih yang mengindikasikan adanya serangan EHP. Selanjutnya, sampel yang tidak teridentifikasi gejala klinis EHP juga menunjukkan hasil negative pada pemeriksaan secara PCR.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN USUS AYAM DENGAN DOSIS BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla olivacea)
Authors: Wamnebo Muhammad Ikhsan , Hasnidar Hasnidar , Azizah Nurul , Rauf Abdul
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian usus ayam dengan dosis berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan kepiting bakau (Scylla olivacea). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai dengan bulan April 2022 di Tambak Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Muslim Indonesia yang terletak di Desa Kalibone Kecamatan Minasatene Kabupaten Pangkep. Wadah yang digunakan berupa keranjang plastik dengan ukuran diameter atas 24 cm, diameter bawah 16 cm, dan tinggi 26 cm berjumlah 60 unit. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah kepiting bakau (Scylla olivacea) dengan bobot 200±2,21 g dan lebar karapas 8±0,08 cm. Penelitian ini didesain dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan yakni: Perlakuan A= 5% dari bobot tubuh, B= 10%, C= 15% dan, D= 20%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sintasan kepiting bakau untuk semua perlakuan adalah 100%, sedangkan pertumbuhan bobot mutlak dan Survival Growth Rate (SGR) tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan D (20%), disusul berturut-turut oleh perlakuan C, B dan A.This study aimed to determine the effect of giving chicken intestines with different doses on the growth of mangrove crabs (Scylla olivacea). This research was conducted from February to April 2022 at the Pond of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences at the Indonesian Muslim University which is located in Kalibone Village, Minasatene District, Pangkep Regency. The containers used were plastic baskets with a top diameter of 24 cm, a bottom diameter of 16 cm, and a height of 26 cm totaling 60 units. The test animal used was mud crab (Scylla olivacea) with a weight of 200±2.21 g and a carapace width of 8 ± 0.08 cm. This study was designed using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely: Treatment A = 5% of body weight, B = 10%, C = 15%, D = 20%. The results showed that the survival of mud crabs for all treatments was 100%, while the highest absolute weight growth and SGR were obtained in treatment D (20%), followed by treatments C, B, and A.
EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa balbisiana) DALAM PAKAN UNTUK PENGOBATAN INFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila PADA IKAN LELE
Authors: Rudi Mad , Sasongko Agung Setyo , Alpina Alpina , Nuraulia Resti Eka
Published: March 2024

Penyakit Motile Aeromonad Septicemia merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila yang sering menyerang pembudidayaan ikan lele. Pengobatan melalui antibiotik sudah dilarang oleh pemerintah karena dapat merusak lingkungan dan tidak aman bagi ikan. Alternatif penggunaan bahan-bahan herbal sebagai bahan pengobatan merupakan solusi bagi ikan lele. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji bahan-bahan herbal sebagai pengobatan merupakan solusi ekstrak kulit pisang kepok dalam pakan untuk pengobatan penyakit Motile Aeromonad Septicemia. Penelitian terdiri dari perlakuan 3 dosis ekstrak (A; 1.0 gkg pakan, B; 2.0 g/kg pakan, C; 4.0 g/kg pakan) serta 2 kontrol (positif dan negatif) dengan masing-masing ulangan. Bobot benih ikan lele yang digunakan adalah 11±0,59 g/ekor dan kepadatan bakteri yang digunakan 105 CFU/ml untuk uji antagonis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan lele (p<0.05). Hasil penelitian gambaran darah ikan lele menunjukkan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan status kesehatan ikan ele dan perlakuan dosis B (2.0 g/kg pakan) merupakan dosis yang terbaik. Ekstrak kulit pisang kepok dapat meningkatkan taraf kelangsungan hidup ikan lele dan status kesehatan ikan Pasca infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila.Motile Aeromonad Septicemia is a disease caused by infection with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria that often attacks catfish farming. Treatment through antibiotics has been banned by the government because it can damage the environment and is not safe for fish. Alternative use of herbal ingredients as treatment aimed to test the use of kepok banana peel extract for the treatment of disease is a solution for catfish. This study consisted of 3 doses of extract treatment (A; 1.0 g/g feed, B; 2.0 g/kg feed, G4.0 gkg feed) and 2 controls (positive and negative) with 3 replications each. The weight of catfish fry used was 11±0,59 g/fish and the density of bacteria used was 105 CFU/ml for the antagonistic test. The results showed that kepok banana peel extract had an effect on catfish survival (p<0.05). The results of the study showed that kepok banana peel extract had an effect on improving the health status of catfish and treatment dose B (2.0 g/kg feed) was the best dose. Kepok banana peel extract can improve catfish survival and health status of fish after A. hydrophila bacterial infection.
Karakteristik Unit Penangkapan Ikan dengan Pancing Ulur di Perairan Teluk Bone
Authors: Baroqi Riza , Timur Putra Satria , Rumpa Arham
Published: March 2024

Pancing ulur (hand-line) merupakan alat tangkap ikan yang cukup menjadikan ikan tuna sebagai target utama dalam proses penangkapanya.  Tujuan penelitian yaitu mendeskripsikan karakteristik pancing ulur yang meliputi konstruksi kapal, alat tangkap, metode pengoperasian, umpan yang digunakan  dan alat bantu penangkapan berupa   rumpon yang digunakan nelayan Teluk Bone. Pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan wawancara terkait karakteristik pancing ulur. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pancing yang berbasis di Pusat Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Lonrae Kabupaten Bone, ukuran kapal berkisar 7 sampai 20 GT dengan lama operasi 7 sampai 15 hari/trip, konstruksi alat tangkap terdiri atas penggulung, tali pancing utama, kili-kili dan tali pancing kedua. Umpan yang digunakan adalah cumi-cumi, ikan tongkol, layang dan umpan tiruan sedangkan dalam pengoperasiannya menggunakan rumpon sederhana dengan konstruksi rumpon yang digunakan terdiri dari rakit pelampung, atraktor ikan, tali jangkar, tali pemberat dan pemberat. Hasil tangkapan pancing ulur pada areal rumpon didominasi oleh tuna sirip kuning (Thunnus albacares), tuna mata besar (Thunnus obesus), cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) sedangkan tangkapan sampingan yaitu ikan SWO (ikan pedang), BLM (black marlin) dan Spesies DOL (mahi-mahi/lamadang).
‘Mother Earth’ is an Ancient Meme in the Global North
Authors: Wilson Joseph A P
Published: March 2024

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