bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Papel da alfabetização digital no fortalecimento do desenvolvimento educacional em Moçambique
Authors: De Moçambique Universidade Católica
Published: December 2024

A alfabetização digital desempenha um papel crucial no fortalecimento do desenvolvimento educacional em Moçambique, um país onde a disparidade no acesso à tecnologia e à educação é significativa. Este estudo investiga como a alfabetização digital pode promover uma educação mais inclusiva e eficiente, analisando a implementação de programas digitais e seu impacto no desempenho académico e engajamento dos estudantes. A importância do tópico reside na necessidade urgente de melhorar a qualidade e a equidade da educação, especialmente em áreas remotas e desfavorecidas. A lacuna na pesquisa é a falta de dados específicos sobre como a alfabetização digital pode ser utilizada para superar as desigualdades educacionais em Moçambique. As perguntas de pesquisa abordam como a alfabetização digital pode servir como catalisador para o desenvolvimento educacional e quais são as práticas mais eficazes na sua implementação. Para a concretização do estudo foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Os dados foram apresentados de forma qualitativa e incluiu uma análise detalhada das práticas actuais, a avaliação dos impactos dessas práticas e a formulação de recomendações para as políticas públicas. Os principais resultados indicam que a alfabetização digital pode melhorar significativamente o desempenho académico e a motivação dos alunos, ao mesmo tempo que promove a inclusão social. A mensagem principal é que investimentos em infra-estruturas tecnológicas, formação de professores e políticas públicas são indispensáveis para maximizar os benefícios da alfabetização digital e para a área educacional, pois oferecem direcções práticas para transformar o sistema educacional moçambicano, tornando-o mais equitativo e eficiente.
Spor Lisesi Özel Yetenek Sınavına Katılan Öğrencilerin Anksiyete Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Bektaş Adem
Published: December 2024

Spor Lisesi Özel Yetenek sınavına giren öğrencilerin anksiyete düzeylerinin farklı parametrelere göre değerlendirilmesi amaçlayan bu çalışma genel tarama modellerinden betimsel tarama modelinden yararlanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın evrenini Antalya Spor Lisesi Yetenek sınavına katılan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemini ise bu öğrencilerden ulaşılabilen 369 (n=119 kadın, n=250 erkek) kişi oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın verilerine Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği ve Spor Lisesi Giriş Sınavı sonuçları kullanılarak ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada nicel verilerin analizinde IBM SPSS Statistics 27 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Normal dağılım göstermeyen verilere parametrik olmayan testler (Frequencies, Mann-Whitney U Testi, Kruskal Wallıs Testi) uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak spor lisesi özel yetenek sınavına katılan öğrencilerin anksiyete düzeyleri farklı parametrelere göre değerlendirilmiş olup bu parametrelerden sadece cinsiyet değişkenine göre istatiksel olarak anlamlı sonuç tespit edilmiştir. Spor lisesi özel yetenek sınavını kazanıp kazanmama durumu, lisanslı sporcu olup olmama, spor branşı, ikamet edilen yer, ortalama aile aylık geliri ve LGS puanı parametrelerinde istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir.
Comparative Analysis of Complication Rates between Open Circumcision and Plastibell Circumcision: A Systematic Review through Meta-analysis
Authors: Muhammad Salman  , Javid Iqbal  , Hamid Iqbal  , Azmat Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: Circumcision is a common surgical procedure, with open circumcision and Plastibell circumcision being popular methods. Objective: To compare complication rates between open circumcision and Plastibell circumcision through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive database search identified 15 studies for inclusion. Data were extracted using standardized tools. Additionally, a prospective analysis of 119 children who underwent Plastibell circumcision was conducted, assessing surgical duration, device separation time, and complications. Follow-up occurred on days 15, 45, 90, and 120 post-surgery. Results: Children undergoing Plastibell circumcision were aged 2–12.5 years (mean 5.9 ± 2.9). Mean surgical duration was 3.7 ± 2.0 minutes, and device separation occurred in 6–26 days (mean 16 ± 4.2). Late complications occurred in 26.8% of cases, primarily minor issues such as preputial adhesions and mucosal edema, resolving with clinical treatment. Meta-analysis revealed Plastibell circumcision had significantly lower risks of bleeding (RR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.24–0.76) and wound infection (RR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.15–0.82) but higher risk of inadequate skin removal (RR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.23–4.48). Conclusions: Plastibell circumcision has a lower risk of bleeding and infections compared to open circumcision, though risks of inadequate skin removal and phimosis are higher, particularly in older children. Parental satisfaction favored the open method for cosmetic outcomes but the Plastibell method for ease of care. Plastibell circumcision is efficient and safe for older children with proper anesthesia and follow-up.
Quality of Life after Open versus Closed Treatment for Mandibular Condylar Fractures
Authors: Samreena Salah  , Jehan Alam  , Ruqaya Shah  , Javeria Ahmed  , Anosha Zain  , Zulakha Akhtar Sheikh
Published: December 2024

Objective: To compare the quality of life after surgical management with closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) versus open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for mandibular condylar fractures. Methodology: This analytical observational study was carried out between January 2024 to June 2024, at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, focusing on patients with mandibular condylar fractures. The study assessed their quality of life using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) Questionnaire, with scores ranging from 1 to 3, where 1 denoted "Always," 2 indicated "Sometimes," and 3 represented "Never." Quality of life scores were categorized as high (34-36), medium (31-33), or low (<30) based on the GOHAI results. Results: In this study there were 66.7% neglected patients had high quality of life, 15.4% had moderate, and 27.3% had low GOHAI, (p=0.084). Further, there were only 16.7% patient close reduction management had high quality of life, 5 (38.5%) had moderate, and 545.5% had low GOHAI. According to open reduction management, there were 83.3% patients had high quality of life, 61.5% had moderate, and 45.5% had low GOHAI, (p=0.157). Conclusion: Factors such as age, gender, neglected type, and treatment modality did not significantly affect the post-operative quality of life. However, mandibular fracture patients who underwent surgical treatment with open reduction technique, as assessed by the GOHAI parameter, experienced a high quality of life.
Quality Assessment and Authentication of Raw Honey-Available at Local Markets of Punjab
Authors: Ghazala Kausar  , Ahmad Ibne Yousaf  , Umair Afzal  , Waqas Tariq  , Mehwish Ambreen  , Zartasha Gull  , Azzah Khadim Hussain  , Saif Ullah Khan
Published: December 2024

Honey have delightful sweetness, propitious nutrition, antioxidant, bioactive, viscous golden yellow substances and used widely in food, beverages, medicinal research against treatment of a number of infections caused by microbes (bacteria, viruses, and parasites) due to antifungal and antibacterial properties and its complex carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, organic acids, phenolic compounds and anti-oxidants nature. Aim of this study was to identify adulteration in honey samples collected from local stores of different regions of Punjab, Pakistan. Seven honey samples were procured and analyzed for hydroxyl methyl furfural (HMF) contents, moisture content, protein contents, pollens, ash contents, total sugar contents (sucrose, non-reducing and reducing), viscosity, total soluble solids, pH, acidity and electrical conductivity. Results ranged for moisture contents from 19.97 to 25.6%, total soluble solids (TSS) ranged from 74.4 to 80, pH 2.4-4, protein contents from 0.29 to 0.44%, ash contents from 0.15 to 0.45%, pollens from 22.4 to 74.7, viscosity from 376.7 to 1030cP/s, total acidity from 17 to 41.9 meq/kg, total sugars from 66.2 to 78.2%, reducing sugars from 58.4 to 72.3%, non-reducing sugars from 4.6 to 8.8% and HMF contents ranged from 15.7-35mg/kg. Higher amount of HMF present in honey is the indication of heating and lower quality honey. The results were associated with standards and specifications of “Pakistan Pure Food Rules”. 40% samples did not meet criteria. The accurate quantification should employ for production of high quality honey with strict national legislations and monitoring on apiculture to avoid mixing of adulterants in honey.
Effect of Different Urea Doses on the Performance of Wheat Under the Agro-Climatic Conditions of Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Hazib Ali  , Eman Fatima  , Abdul Qadir Kumbhar  , Hamdia Mujahid  , Muhammad Faisal  , Saima Fareed  , Sara Faridoon  , Shumaila Ahmad  , Mehmood Ul Hassan  , Arshad Iqbal
Published: December 2024

The research conducted aimed to evaluate the impact of varying urea doses on the performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum), with a focus on growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency. Urea, a common nitrogen fertilizer, is crucial in enhancing crop productivity. The experiment was conducted in 2022-2023 at the Agriculture Research Station Baffa Mansehra in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The research material consisted of a Wheat variety. The Seeds were sown in RCBD design on 15th October 2022 at an Agriculture Research Station Baffa Mansehra. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with three replications. In the agro-climatic conditions of Mansehra, comprehensive data were gathered on various morphological and yield-related attributes. These included morphological parameters such as days to heading, leaf area index (cm), days to maturity, number of tillers/ plant-1, plant height (cm), spike length (cm), spikelet /spike, thousand-grain weight (g), grain yield kg/ha-1, and biological yield kg/ha-1. The study concludes that from experiments that wheat on different urea applications gives significant results from germination to till harvesting under the agro-climatic condition of Mansehra. It means that the wheat on different Urea applications shows improvement in Plant height, Spike length, Spikelet /spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and biological yield. Based on these results, it is recommended to apply urea at optimal rates to enhance wheat growth and yield, with the most effective rate being 65 grams per 6 m².
Investigation of Crystalluria and Its Association with Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Zia Hafza , Zhaira Ismat , Noor Malaika , Bibi Aliya , Jabeen Shanza , Khadija Kanwal , Khan Malaika Anwar , Nasir Shumail , Jabeen Sidra , Zhaira Dua
Published: December 2024

Background: Crystalluria, the presence of crystals in urine, can arise from factors such as dehydration, dietary habits, and metabolic disorders, often linked to urinary tract infections (UTIs). Objective: This study aims to identify the predominant types of crystals in patients with UTIs and examine the association between pus cells and crystalluria. Conducted at Alkhidmat Razi Hospital over four months (June-September 2024), it utilized a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Methods: A total of 134 UTI patients were enrolled, with 35.1% male and 64.9% female participants. Age groups were categorized into six ranges: 5-15, 15-25, 26-35, 36-45, 46-55, and 56-65 years. The mean age was 34.1±16.4 years. Results indicated that 31% had crystalluria while 69% did not. Notably, 68.7% of samples showed no detectable crystals. Results: Calcium oxalate emerged as the most common crystal type, found in 25.4% of cases. Males exhibited higher percentages of crystalluria, with calcium oxalate present in 17.9% of males versus 7.47% of females. Other crystals included amorphous phosphate (2.24% in males and 1.49% in females) and calcium carbonate (0.75% in males only). Conclusion: Understanding the specific types of crystals and their impact on UTI severity is vital for treatment strategies. Statistical analysis via SPSS version 25.0 revealed a chi-square p-value of 0.313, indicating no significant association between pus cells and crystalluria.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE DISBIOSE INTESTINAL E DEPRESSÃO: UM OLHAR SOBRE O EIXO INTESTINO-CÉREBRO
Authors: Carneiro de Oliveira Ítalo , Donaire Rapozero João Felippe , Souza Moreira Amanda , Pinto Gomes Nelson , Borges Nunes Costa Ártemis Sandra , Barreiro Chaves Ana Rita , de Araújo Sampaio Francisco Leonardo , Gouveia Lourenço Matheus , Magalhães Pinheiro Luane , Richard de Souza Jhonny
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A disbiose intestinal, caracterizada pela alteração na composição da microbiota intestinal, tem sido amplamente estudada devido às suas implicações na saúde humana, especialmente na saúde mental. A relação entre desequilíbrios na microbiota intestinal e transtornos neuropsiquiátricos, como a depressão, tem ganhado destaque, especialmente com a descoberta do eixo intestino-cérebro, que conecta o sistema nervoso central ao sistema nervoso entérico e regula processos emocionais e cognitivos. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre disbiose intestinal e depressão, com foco no eixo intestino-cérebro, e explorar os mecanismos envolvidos nessa interação, além de avaliar possíveis estratégias terapêuticas para mitigar os efeitos negativos da disbiose na saúde mental. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura entre agosto e dezembro de 2024, utilizando artigos disponíveis nas plataformas Scielo, Google Acadêmico e PubMed. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2023, em inglês e português, sobre disbiose intestinal, microbiota intestinal, eixo intestino-cérebro, depressão e probióticos. Foram selecionados 14 artigos que atendiam aos critérios estabelecidos. Resultado: A revisão indicou que desequilíbrios na microbiota intestinal podem estar associados ao desenvolvimento de distúrbios neuropsiquiátricos, como a depressão, por meio de mecanismos como a inflamação sistêmica e alterações na produção de neurotransmissores. A comunicação bidirecional entre o intestino e o cérebro foi destacada como crucial para o equilíbrio emocional, e intervenções como o uso de probióticos e dietas específicas mostraram potencial terapêutico na modulação da microbiota intestinal. Conclusão: A pesquisa sobre a disbiose intestinal e sua relação com a depressão revela um campo promissor para o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens terapêuticas, especialmente para pacientes que não respondem bem aos tratamentos convencionais. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos para confirmar as evidências e entender melhor os mecanismos subjacentes a essa interação, a fim de aprimorar as intervenções baseadas na microbiota intestinal no tratamento da depressão.
Secure Software Development Education 2024 Survey: Understanding Current Needs
Authors: Gerosa Marco , Wheeler David A. , Hendrick Stephen
Published: December 2024

How can we improve education on secure software development? The OpenSSF commissioned a study to hear directly from the software security community on the perceived gaps in their training, and how we can better support the securing of the software supply chain from an educational perspective.

Key findings from the report indicate that an important minority of developers are not familiar with secure software development, and many identified a lack of training or a lack of awareness around the courses available. Python was highly rated by respondents for increased training, and ultimately security architecture was selected as the topic of a new course from OpenSSF.
Decentralization and AI: The Building Blocks of a Resilient and Open Digital Future
Authors: Majer Alan
Published: December 2024

Today’s digital platforms are centralized platforms that a small handful of big tech companies control. As regulators start to curtail the power of these tech companies, open source innovators are building decentralized infrastructures that preserve individual privacy, autonomy, and digital property rights and increase access to the global commons.

In this qualitative report, we spoke with innovators in this space who are disrupting centralized incumbents and creating opportunities for novel platforms and systems. The analysis is a cross-section of perspectives from software development, policy, AI agents, currencies, identity, and more.
The 2024 State of OSPOs and Open Source Management: New Horizons for OSPOs in Small and Medium Organizations
Authors: Hendrick Stephen , Jimenez Santamaria Ana
Published: December 2024

Now in its 7th year, the TODO Group's 2024 Open Source Program Office (OSPO) study explores the evolving role of OSPOs, comparing enterprises of different sizes. This report highlights OSPO benefits, challenges, and projected growth, in comparison with data from previous years to understand how these findings are trending.

Key findings show that although 77% of large organizations have an OSPO, only 19% of small organizations have one. Implementing an OSPO is key for awareness of open source software use and dependencies, and they can improve license compliance and increased transparency. The report advocates for greater adoption to capitalize on these benefits.
2024 State of Tech Talent Report: Survey-based Insights into the Current State of Technical Talent Acquisition, Retention, and Management Globally
Authors: Lawson Adrienn
Published: December 2024

LF Research and LF Training & Certification partnered again this year to study trends in the technical talent market, surveying individuals responsible for hiring and training IT professionals. The aim of this research was to understand how technical skill development and organizational strategies are changing in response to emerging technologies and economic challenges, in particular the IT layoffs in 2023 and the growing use of generative AI tools.

Key findings from the report indicate that despite headlines, only a minority of companies reduced their technical headcount in 2023. What's more, companies are choosing to prioritize upskilling and cross-skilling over hiring to diversify their staff's skills in strategic domains, such as Cloud, DevOps, cybersecurity, and AI / ML.
2024 State of Tech Talent Japan Report: Survey-based Insights into the Leading Talent Strategies and Modernization Initiatives in Japan's Tech Sector
Authors: Lawson Adrienn , Hendrick Stephen
Published: December 2024

Earlier in 2024, LF Research published its 2024 State of Tech Talent Report. The survey findings from this study were subsequently segmented by Japanese respondents and analyzed in a secondary report to capture a focused perspective on talent management amid the unique challenges faced by Japan's IT industry.

This report finds that Japan is facing some obstacles in its modernization efforts. The country is confronting a significant shortage of technical talent, persistent legacy mainframes, and training programs that fall short in delivering the skills required for complex roles. Despite these obstacles, there are signs of change, including the government's initiatives for digital transformation, commitments to cloud integration and the implementation of GenAI, and a high number of organizations cross-skilling existing staff to address technical talent needs (51%).
2024 Global Spotlight Insights Report: The Role of Open Source in Uniting Innovation, Collaboration, and Resilience Across Regions and Industries
Authors: Lawson Adrienn
Published: December 2024

The 2024 World of Open Source survey was fielded in the Linux Foundation's global community to capture regional and industrial comparisons of open source adoption, contribution, value propositions, and sustainability.

The year-over-year analysis shows that the perceived benefits and business value of open source has grown over the past year. The IT & media industries lead in open source use and contributions, while more highly regulated industries lag behind. Time and funding remain the major challenges of open source contribution, and many respondents are uncertain how new regulations will impact participation.
Implementing AI Bill of Materials (AI BOM) with SPDX 3.0: A Comprehensive Guide to Creating AI and Dataset Bill of Materials
Authors: Bennet Karen , Krishnan Rajbahadur Gopi , Suriyawongkul Arthit , Stewart Kate
Published: December 2024

A Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) is becoming an increasingly important tool in regulatory and technical spaces to introduce more transparency and security into a project's software supply chain.

Artificial intelligence (AI) projects face unique challenges beyond the security of their software, and thus require a more expansive approach to a bill of materials. In this report, we introduce the concept of an AI-BOM, expanding on the SBOM to include the documentation of algorithms, data collection methods, frameworks and libraries, licensing information, and standard compliance.
Shaping the Future of Generative AI: The Impact of Open Source Innovation
Authors: Lawson Adrienn , Hendrick Stephen , Rausch Nancy , Sica Jeffrey , Gerosa Marco
Published: December 2024

LF AI & Data and CNCF partnered with LF Research to answer the question: what is the role of open source in the evolution and implementation of generative AI (GenAI) technologies? Based on a survey of 316 professionals across diverse industries, this report shows how open source tools are accelerating GenAI adoption while setting a foundation for the future of AI.

Key findings show that 84% of organizations have a moderate to high adoption of GenAI, and 41% of that infrastructure is open source. Leading use cases include process automation, content generation, and code generation. What's more, 82% of respondents agree that open source AI is critical for a positive AI future.
Strengthening License Compliance and Software Security with SBOM Adoption: A Definitive SBOM Guide for Enterprises
Authors: Haddad Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

Software security remains a top priority for every enterprise, industry, and government around the world. A fundamental step in securing a software supply chain is the ability to certify that the different software components being used are secure, but this can be challenging to adequately address.

A Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) is an inventory of the entire constituent software components within a system that is used to enhance transparency, license compliance, and security within software supply chains. This report gives an overview of the history of SBOMs, the legislative context that surrounds them, and the work that the Linux Foundation's SPDX project has done to standardize this critical tool.
CẢI TIẾN MẠNG HỌC SÂU GOOGLENET HỖ TRỢ PHÂN LOẠI BỆNH CAO HUYẾT ÁP TRÊN ẢNH VÕNG MẠC MẮT
Authors: Vo Tuyet , Nguyen Thanh Binh
Published: December 2024

Ảnh võng mạc mắt chứa nhiều thông tin hữu ích. Đặc trưng của ảnh võng mạc mắt được rút trích từ các mô hình học cần được cải thiện và tối ưu giúp quá trình phân loại bệnh được chính xác hơn. Khả năng phân loại càng cao thì quá trình chẩn đoán và điều trị bệnh lý càng thuận lợi. Thách thức trong xử lý ảnh võng mạc là trích xuất đặc trưng quan trọng với các tham số đầu phù hợp với hình thái học tương ứng. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đề xuất quá trình cải tiến mạng GoogLeNet dựa vào cơ chế hình thái học waveform để phân loại bệnh cao huyết áp trên ảnh võng mạc mắt. Phương pháp đề xuất gồm hai giai đoạn: tiền xử lý tham số đầu vào cho mô hình học với hình thái học waveform, GoogLeNet chiết xuất đặc trưng với sự cải tiến ở số lượng tầng Inception hỗ trợ chiết xuất đặc trưng sâu. Kết quả được thử nghiệm trên tập dữ liệu STARE với độ chính xác 93.25 %. Quá trình so sánh kết quả phân loại được so sánh với một số phương pháp gần đây và cho kết quả khả quan hơn.
Formação e projeto de vida de estudantes do ensino médio integrado à educação profissional
Authors: Silva Filho Geuid Cavalcante da , Roggero Rosemary , Cavalcante Maria Milena Regina Eulálio
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os projetos de vida dos alunos do ensino médio integrado à educação profissional a partir de dados de uma pesquisa feita com alunos do Instituto Federal do Piauí, Campus de São Raimundo Nonato, obtidos por meio da aplicação de um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas. O referencial teórico de análise é a Teoria Crítica da Escola de Frankfurt com as obras como Adorno (1995, 2008) e autores brasileiros contemporâneos que realizam estudos com base no referencial frankfurtiano como Roggero (2010), Cohn (2008), Alves Júnior (2012) e Ramos-de-Oliveira (1994). As análises indicam que a maioria dos estudantes do ensino médio integrado à educação profissional têm projetos centrados no trabalho, estabilidade financeira e consumo, mas alguns deles apresentaram projetos de caráter altruísta (ou ético-morais), expressando uma contradição inerente à vida na sociedade capitalista contemporânea.
Criação e Divulgação de Histórias em Quadrinhos
Authors: Biondinni Eronildo da Silva
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever um panorama de uma intervenção didático-pedagógica que resultou na publicação de uma coletânea com 20 (vinte) Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQs) escritas por alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental. A metodologia é guiada por uma pesquisa-ação (Engel, 2000; Tripp, 2005; Thiollent, 2009) de cunho qualitativo (Gil, 2008). Como resultado, o processo interventivo culminou na publicação de uma coletânea que reúne as HQs escritas pelos alunos e dois cadernos de atividades didático-pedagógico para os professores de língua portuguesa e alunos, além de resultar no desenvolvimento da prática social; no fortalecimento das práticas discursivas e no estudo das HQs para reconhecimento das questões políticos, econômicas e sociais no mundo pelos alunos.
Bibelen som kulturarv
Authors: Buch-Hansen Gitte
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This article combines a review of The Nordic Bible: Bible Reception in Contemporary Nordic Societies (2023) with a brief discussion of the book. The eleven case studies draw attention to the culturalization which increasingly characterizes the status and use of the Bible in the secular Nordic countries. The analyses demonstrate how the invocation in the public debate of biblical phrases, proverbs and parables typically neglect the original, scriptural context. Thus, the pastoral power of the Bible may be activated by referring to a shared – minimal – knowledge of the book, but still presupposes a shared acknowledgement of its sacred status. This development has taken place at the same time as the population in the Nordic countries has moved away from the romantic idea of the oneness of the nation – one language, one religion, one race, one land – to a new complex national multiplicity. However, the rich analyses of the book also call for national minority groups’ response to this attempt to buckle up the Bible for the majority’s national identity project.
Hvordan elefanten fik sin snabel
Authors: Jensen Giovanna Bortolotti
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Jordskælv, hvordan fungerer de?
Authors: Sharma P. W.
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Noget om grus
Authors: Falkesgård P. , Klitten Kurt
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Præparation af fossiler
Authors: Jakobsen Sten
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
På spor efter fortidens atomspaltninger
Authors: Bohse Henning
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Højvande - lavvande
Authors: Poulsen Valdemar
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Nordsamsøs istidsnekrolog
Authors: Højmark Michael
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Varm? - Frossen?! - Løsningen på en istidsgåde
Authors: Berthelsen Asger
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Det tidlige flercellede liv
Authors: Asgaard Ulla
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Den sorte død
Authors: Poulsen Valdemar
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Brædderne i det Baltiske Skjold
Authors: Berthelsen Asger
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Et svaneøglekranium
Authors: Clausen Claus Koch
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Fra Djibouti til Seychellerne
Authors: Widenfalk Lennart
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Klinker og chamotte
Authors: Sivhed Ulf
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Geologi fra modelfly
Authors: Stridsberg Sven , Laufeld Sven
Published: December 2024

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Møllen maler cement
Authors: Högberg Erik
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Nordnorsk olie?
Authors: Hollander Nils B.
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Sekundære uranmineraler
Authors: Löfvendahl Runo
Published: December 2024

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Nye malmfund
Authors: Stendal Henrik
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Planter fra Rhynie
Authors: Raunsgaard Pedersen Kaj
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Kortlægning af råstoffer på havbunden
Authors: Nielsen Poul Erik , Christensen Torsten
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Forudsigelse af jordskælv
Authors: Pedersen Stig Schack
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Nordgrønlands geologiske opbygning
Authors: Friderichsen Johan D.
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
En oliegeologs arbejdsfelt
Authors: Svendsen Nick
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Cementeret fugl
Authors: Bonde Niels
Published: December 2024

Intet resumé
Ghana
Authors: Bondesen Erling , Jeppesen Henrik , Noe-Nygaard Nanna
Published: December 2024

'Guldkysten" - som er et navn, der hor klang af kolonivælde og slavehandel blev strøget, do området i 1957 blev til den selvstændige stat Ghana. Do de portugisiske kolonisatorer nåede frem ti I disse egne på den vestafrikanske kyst i 1471, havde guldudvinding og guldhandel allerede fundet sted længe. Portugiserne kaldte kysten " Costa da Mina d'Oro". Det blev senere til "Gold Coast" og kom til at omfatte hele det område, som England i 1898 formelt overtog myndigheden over.
Guldet var gennem alle årene en vigtig eksportvare, så naturligt nok satte man efter 1898 ind med geologiske undersøgelser for derigennem at øge guldproduktionen. Herved fandt mon også andre mineraler, og mineraleksport er stadig en vigtig del af udenrigshandelen.
Ghana er i dog især kendt for kakao (70 % af eksportværdien i 1971) samt guld og diamanter (mineraler udgjorde 17 % af eksportværdien i 1971). Det giver dog et skævt billede at beskrive Ghanas landbrug afgr ved omtale af kakao-dyrkningen, fordi kun en mindre del af den samlede landbrugsbefolkning er beskæftiget hermed, flertallet dyrker en lang række afgrøder, som forsyner indbyggerne med fødevarer.
Ghanas geologiske forhold skol heller ikke beskrives alene som baggrund for en mineralproduktion - geologi har også noget at gøre med jordbundsudvikling, vandforsyning og byggematerialer, så de geologiske forhold er afgørende for befolkningens dagligdag og fremtidsmuligheder indenfor en lang række feIter.
Ghana er et udviklingsland og kan beskrives ud fra økonomiske og sociale begreber. Et udviklingsland er også et land uden kendskab til egne ressourcer og uden selvstændige muligheder for at udnytte dem. Regeringen er endvidere ikke i tilstrækkelig grad i stand til at vurdere udlændinges forslog til ressourcernes udnyttelse.
Her ønsker vi at vise, hvilken viden mon i dog hor om de geologiske forhold i Ghana og om deres økonomiske betydning for landet. Vi tror, at større viden om disse ting skaber forståelse for mange problemer i Ghanas udvikling - en forudSC2tning for at udviklingsprojekter kan gennemføres med bedre resultater. Endvidere mener vi, at beslutninger om ressourcernes udnyttelse alene skal træffes af ghanesere. Vi kan hjælpe ved at forøge den eksisterende viden om deres ressourcer og ved at støtte uddannelse af ghanesere i geo-videnskoberne.
À quoi bon s’exprimer si personne n’a le temps d’agir : comment la pression temporelle réduit l’engagement organisationnel chez les policiers
Authors: Bélanger Audrey , Mackay Taylor , Harvey Jean-François
Published: December 2024

Dans un contexte de transformation où les rôles et responsabilités des employés de première ligne ne cessent d’augmenter et de se complexifier, le temps devient une denrée rare. Or, l’engagement de ces mêmes employés est crucial pour la réussite des efforts de changement d’une organisation. Relevant de ces enjeux, notre étude vise donc à comprendre comment la pression temporelle influence l’engagement organisationnel des employés de première ligne. S’appuyant sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources et les théories implicites de la prise de parole, nous suggérons que la pression temporelle perçue par l’employé chez son gestionnaire le mène à se désengager en raison d’un sentiment accru de futilité de s’exprimer pour partager ses idées. Nous avançons aussi que cette relation est plus forte lorsque l’employé se sent également pressé par le temps, mais qu’elle n’est plus significative lorsque l’employé a du temps pour prendre en main les enjeux qu’il soulève. Réalisée en deux temps de mesures, notre étude implique la participation de 326 policières et policiers canadiens. Les résultats obtenus grâce à une analyse de régression multiple confirment nos hypothèses. Ces éléments sont finalement discutés, offrant ainsi des contributions théoriques et pratiques importantes.
Ethik und Ästhetik: die dornige Frage nach Moral und Freiheit
Authors: Martinelli Monica
Published: December 2024

The relationship between morality and freedom is present throughout Simmel's intellectual path. Significantly, the topic ‘freedom’ is treated in one of Simmel's first works specifically dedicated to moral science. Within the framework of his sociology and philosophy of life as well as his anthropological vision, Simmel rethinks the Kantian categorical imperative: on the one hand, developing his own 'moral principle of freedom' and, on the other, carrying out an inversion of the Kantian imperative whereby what had been understood as universal, valid for all individuals and capable of guiding their actions, becomes an individual law whose moral imperative is particular to each individual and universally affects all that individual's actions. Morality concerns the whole human being and coincides with the response – that is, responsibility - in relation to life, beyond dualistic visions that separate what is related (e.g., bond and freedom, reason and sensitivity, objective and subjective, etc.): on this point, the ethical dimension and freedom intertwine the aesthetic dimension, capable of restoring the integrity of human existence and experience. Aesthetics, in Simmel, has to do with the feeling of a profound intensity of life, offering the possibility of a connection between the experience of perception and sensitive affection with the knowledge of life from inside. This involves the authenticity of the individual, leading him to feel the reality of life to which he can respond. And freedom rests on this response, which is responsibility.
How Hegelian is Hegelian thought in Simmel?
Authors: Wiewiura Joachim
Published: December 2024

Simmel never finished his book on Hegel. Simmel rarely mentions Hegel throughout his collected works. But when he does, it is often with praise. However, Simmel explicitly distances himself from Hegel in those places where, as readers, we find Hegelian traits. What should we make of this complex relationship? With the aim of contributing to understanding Simmel’s systematic thought, I assess the extent to which Simmel was and was not influenced by Hegel. I refer to two lesser-known writings, in which Simmel addresses Hegel’s philosophy at length, along with some of the more incidental mentions of Hegel that Simmel makes throughout his oeuvre. I show that Simmel adopts Hegel’s conception of philosophy while rejecting its system building. I then argue that what most scholars consider to be Hegelian in Simmel’s philosophy, namely dialectics, in fact represents his weakest, or most general, form of Hegelianism. Moreover, I show that given Simmel’s aesthetic focus, he may have been more influenced by Schiller than by Hegel in this regard. Finally, among other Hegelian features that are often overlooked, I consider Simmel’s conceptual relationality of individual–society as well as his critique of Kantian ethics.
Simmel über die präsuppositionellen und epistemischen Ebenen von Analyse und Theoriebildung in der Soziologie
Authors: de Farias Alberto Luis Cordeiro
Published: December 2024

Drawing on selected passages from Simmel's texts, this article seeks to, on one hand, consolidate the key elements of his understanding of the presuppositional level in sociology, and on the other hand, building on insights particularly evident in an essay published in the late 19th century, to develop a complementary second level of analysis and theorization in sociology, which I term the epistemic level. Thus, in the first part of the text, with an emphasis on Philosophie des Geldes and Soziologie, I address Simmel's understanding of the presuppositional elements in social-theoretical reflection on the world, seeking to determine the content of this level of analysis and theorizing in the transition from philosophy to the particular sciences. Secondly, I turn to the definition of the epistemic level in Simmel. At this point, I focus on delineating the fundamental questions of a historical-systematic nature that can be explored from this epistemic level. I conclude with some general considerations about the theoretical significance of these levels for sociological analysis and theorizing.
Chemotherapy resistance due to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is caused by abnormal lipid metabolic balance
Authors: Matsumoto Atsushi , Inoko Akihito , Hosoda Waki , Kojima Takahiro , Ohnishi Koji , Ikenouchi Junichi
Published: December 2024

Invasive cancer is defined by the loss of epithelial cell traits resulting from the ectopic expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcription factors such as Snail. Although EMT is known to impart chemoresistance to cancer cells, the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We found that Snail expression confers chemoresistance by upregulating the cholesterol efflux pump ABCA1 as a countermeasure to the excess of cytotoxic free cholesterol relative to its major interaction partner in cellular membranes, sphingomyelin. This imbalance is introduced by the transcriptional repression of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin by Snail. Inhibiting esterification of cholesterol, which renders it inert, selectively suppresses growth of a xenograft model of Snail-positive kidney cancer. Our findings offer a new perspective on lipid-targeting strategies for invasive cancer therapy.
Interactions between wild pigs and the spread of disease
Authors: Shitindo Mercury
Published: December 2024

Tracking wild pigs with GPS devices reveals how their social interactions could influence the spread of disease, offering new strategies for protecting agriculture, wildlife, and human health.
Downregulation of Semaphorin 4A in keratinocytes reflects the features of non-lesional psoriasis
Authors: Kume Miki , Koguchi-Yoshioka Hanako , Nakai Shuichi , Matsumura Yutaka , Tanemura Atsushi , Yokoi Kazunori , Matsuda Shoichi , Nakamura Yuumi , Otani Naoya , Taminato Mifue , Tomita Koichi , Kubo Tateki , Wataya-Kaneda Mari , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Fujimoto Manabu , Watanabe Rei
Published: December 2024

Psoriasis is a multifactorial disorder mediated by IL-17-producing T cells, involving immune cells and skin-constituting cells. Semaphorin 4A (Sema4A), an immune semaphorin, is known to take part in T helper type 1/17 differentiation and activation. However, Sema4A is also crucial for maintaining peripheral tissue homeostasis and its involvement in skin remains unknown. Here, we revealed that while Sema4A expression was pronounced in psoriatic blood lymphocytes and monocytes, it was downregulated in the keratinocytes of both psoriatic lesions and non-lesions compared to controls. Imiquimod application induced more severe dermatitis in Sema4A knockout (KO) mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice. The naïve skin of Sema4AKO mice showed increased T cell infiltration and IL-17A expression along with thicker epidermis and distinct cytokeratin expression compared to WT mice, which are hallmarks of psoriatic non-lesions. Analysis of bone marrow chimeric mice suggested that Sema4A expression in keratinocytes plays a regulatory role in imiquimod-induced dermatitis. The epidermis of psoriatic non-lesion and Sema4AKO mice demonstrated mTOR complex 1 upregulation, and the application of mTOR inhibitors reversed the skewed expression of cytokeratins in Sema4AKO mice. Conclusively, Sema4A- mediated signaling cascades can be triggers for psoriasis and targets in the treatment and prevention of psoriasis.
Retention of indoxyl sulfate in different genotypes of ABCC2 may explain variation in tacrolimus pharmacokinetics
Authors: Wang Jing , Huang Siqi , Li Yuanchen , Fang Qiu , Wang Min , Zhu Huaijun
Published: December 2024

Background

Microbiota-derived toxins indoxyl sulfate and hippuric acid were previously reported to be associated with altered pharmacokinetics of the immunosuppressant tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients, and ABC transporter proteins are likely to be involved in the transport of such substances, but the in vivo role has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the retention of indoxyl sulfate and hippuric acid in the plasma of liver transplantation subjects carrying different genotypes of ABCB1 and ABCC2 (changes in transporter activity due to genetic variation), and to explore whether genetic variation is involved in altering the relationship between microbe-derived toxins and tacrolimus pharmacokinetics.

Methods

Liver transplantation subjects treated with the immunosuppressive regimen tacrolimus, corticosteroids, and mycophyolate mofetil were included and divided into normal renal function group and chronic kidney disease group. The plasma concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and hippuric acid in two groups of liver transplantation subjects carrying different genotypes of ABCB1 and ABCC2 were compared. For genotype carriers with significant differences, the Pearson Correlation Coefficient method was further used to investigate the correlation between plasma indoxyl sulfate level and tacrolimus dose-corrected trough concentration in patients with different renal function status.

Results

Carriers of the rs717620-24T variant exhibited high plasma indoxyl sulfate retention in patients with normal renal function, and furthermore, chronic kidney disease patients and patients with normal renal function exhibited indoxyl sulfate and tacrolimus in the ABCC2 normal function (β = −0.740, p = 0.020) and reduced function groups (β = −0.526, p = 0.005), respectively, showing a strong correlation with tacrolimus.

Conclusion

ABCC2 may be one of the pathways by which tacrolimus pharmacokinetics is altered by indoxyl sulfate.
Narrativa, trabajo y migración en la literatura chilena reciente
Authors: Román Nicolás
Published: December 2024

La relación entre la narrativa chilena y el trabajo se ha investigado sobre todo en el contexto de mediados del siglo XX (generación del 38’. Con el desarrollo del neoliberalismo y en el escenario posdictatorial, las representaciones literarias han elaborado nuevos protagonismos minoritarios en el mundo del trabajo, donde la migración es uno de los tópicos que aparecen tímidamente en un mundo literario golpeado por el desplome del proletariado como clase. Este artículo pretende caracterizar la representación del trabajo y la migración, sus características subjetivas, la precarización y la desterritorialización del mercado laboral, donde los trabajadores son asimilados a un insumo de la producción. Los desplazamientos ilegales por las fronteras demuestran nuevos imaginarios donde la vulnerabilidad, la animalización y el sometimiento corporal y sexual son los temas de estas estéticas de los trabajadores migrantes como contrapunto al exitoso relato neoliberal.
Orígenes de la cueca literaria
Authors: Romero Juan Cristóbal
Published: December 2024

Este ensayo aborda los orígenes y la evolución de la cueca literaria, explorando tanto su estructura poética como su relación con la música. Para ello, se detiene primero en el análisis de las descripciones morfológicas realizadas por Ismael Parraguez, quien estableció las bases de los estudios formales sobre la cueca. Posteriormente, se exploran las contribuciones de poetas y compositores como Pablo Neruda y Nicanor Parra, quienes consolidaron la cueca como una forma literaria independiente. El ensayo busca mostrar la articulación entre la tradición popular y su adaptación a la literatura culta, cuyos vínculos han sido poco explorados en los estudios de la poesía chilena.
Escenas de la crítica literaria chilena en los años cincuenta (prensa, ensayo, antología, cuento)
Authors: Walker Carlos
Published: December 2024

Este artículo presenta tres escenas de la crítica literaria chilena ligadas a la denominada “generación del 50”: los efectos suscitados por la publicación del ensayo de Claudio Giaconi, Un hombre en la trampa (Gogol) (1960) y su comprensión como estrategia discursiva para pensar la actualidad de la literatura chilena; las características de la Antología del nuevo cuento chileno (1954), compilada y prologada por Enrique Lafourcade, y de sus procedimientos críticos para instalarse como bastión de la novedad literaria; y la recurrencia del término técnica como herramienta crítica utilizada para valorar los libros de cuentos de la joven narrativa. Para ello se propone que en la década del cincuenta tuvo lugar un crecimiento exponencial de los discursos críticos, cuyas características muestran una multiplicidad de formas críticas que permiten analizar algunos episodios decisivos de la crítica literaria chilena.
Sentido de la belleza, sentido de la expresión. La literatura chilena de la década del 50 a partir del "Diario íntimo" de Luis Oyarzún
Authors: Astorga Sebastián
Published: December 2024

El Diario íntimo de Luis Oyarzún (1920-1972), publicado de manera póstuma en 1995, recoge la permanente reflexión y escritura de su autor entre 1949 y 1972, siendo este el laboratorio y cantera de sus libros y artículos, así como el espacio confidencial de observación de sí y de su contemporaneidad. Poeta, narrador, ensayista, profesor de Estética y Filosofía, Oyarzún fue un intelectual clave para al menos dos generaciones, la del 38 y el 50. A pesar de ser un personaje influyente y conectado con los artistas y humanistas de su tiempo, su pensamiento mantuvo una distancia crítica, refractario a las modas (estéticas y políticas), y un compromiso permanente con la búsqueda poética de un mundo espiritualmente más rico (Millas 2015, Morales 2014). En este ensayo me propongo hacer un recorte temporal de su diario en la década del 50 y poner en relieve sus principales ideas respecto a la literatura, y en particular a la literatura chilena producida en esta década. Con este prisma podremos acercarnos a su apreciación literaria y humana de figuras como Pablo Neruda, Gabriela Mistral, Benjamín Subercaseaux y Nicanor Parra; a la recepción de textos claves como Hijo de ladrón de Manuel Rojas y la aparición de nuevos autores, como Enrique Lafourcade. La intimidad del diario dará cuenta, a veces de manera descarnada, del pensamiento vivo de Oyarzún y, por extensión, de los principales conflictos culturales y críticos que se ponen en juego en pleno siglo XX.