bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency coefficient of tractor wheel drive while moving on ground
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Road University, Podrigalo M. A , Artyomov M. P. ,   State Biotechnological University, Tretyak V. M. ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automatics Agroindustrial Production of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Krasnokutskyi V. M. ,   National Technical University “KhPI”, Omelchenko V. I. ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to improve the energy efficiency of tractors when working on a deformable support surface by increasing the efficiency of the wheel drive due to the rational selection of its parameters.
Methods. The methods of the theory of movement of traction vehicles and theoretical mechanics are used.
Results. Analytical equations are compiled that describe the dependence of the interaction of wheels with pneumatic tires with the ground support surface. The effect of tangential soil compliance on the efficiency of a single wheel and wheel drive was determined, and the influence of soil compliance was taken into account to determine the rational distribution of torque (traction) moments between the driving axles of a two-axle tractor.
Conclusions
1. As a result of the conducted research, the dependence of the coefficient of useful action of the tractor's wheel drive on the coefficient of distribution of torque (traction) moments between the axles during movement on a deformable support surface was determined. The resulting mathematical model takes into account both the circular stiffness of the tires of the driving wheels and the flexibility of the soil in the contact patch.
2. The rational (optimal with the adopted mathematical model) value of the torque distribution coefficient βm between the axles should vary depending on the rolling resistance of the driving wheels and the characteristics of the soil background. With an electric drive of the driving wheels, adjustment of the coefficient βm is possible, and with a mechanical drive of the driving wheels, control of the coefficient βm can be carried out by adjusting the ratio of torsional stiffnesses of the tires of the front and rear wheels due to their internal pressure.
3. For agricultural tractors it is advisable to adjust the air pressure in the tires for each bridge separately, depending on the type of running system(4K4a, 4K4b) and the physical condition of the soil.
Keywords: wheel drive, two-axle tractor, coefficient of useful action, deformation of the support surface, traction moments.
,,Diese Stadt ist […] häßlich über alle Maßen.“ Heinrich Heines intertextuelle Dekonstruktion des Mythos Italien
Authors: Lotterer Lea
Published: December 2024

Abstract Der Aufsatz untersucht Heines intertextuelles Verfahren, mit welchem er in seiner Italienreise das von Goethe geprägte und von den Romantiker:innen tradierte Bild von Italien als Arkadien dekonstruiert und an dieser Stelle ein gänzlich unästhetisches,
konträres Italienbild setzt. In der Analyse findet sowohl die Persiflage der Gattung ,Italienreise‘ Beachtung als auch Heines versteckte, im Italienbild getarnte Kritik am Deutschland der Restaurationszeit. Sie zeigt auf, wie Heine die Gattungskonventionen umschreibt und in
diesem Zuge seine Doppelkritik an Literaturbetrieb und politischer Situation in Deutschland anbringt.
The Nightmares in Ingeborg Bachmann’s Malina: Autobiographical Traces, Aesthetic Transformations and Ethics
Authors: Schmidt Ricarda
Published: December 2024

Abstract The female protagonist’s nightmares in Ingeborg Bachmann’s novel Malina are particularly haunting in their focus on the confrontation of female victim and male perpetrator, as well as their transgression of the customary separation between
the personal and the political. This essay draws on the publication of the Bachmann-Frisch correspondence and on Bachmann’s dream notations while in therapy to explore how autobiographical experiences were aesthetically transformed so as to show the narrator-protagonist making ethical
claims about women’s position in patriarchal societies.
The Influence of Teachers’ Perception of Digital Media use in Enhancing Basic Skills among Lower Primary of Dodoma City, Tanzania
Authors: Kilungeja Ambwene Nazarius , Shavega Theresia Julius , Kigobe Janeth
Published: December 2024

The study assessed the influence of Teachers’ Perceptions of Digital Media (video and digital pictures) use in Enhancing Basic Skills (reading, writing and arithmetic) in Lower Primary (grade one and grade two) in Dodoma City, Tanzania. Two questions guided the study; What is the relationship between Teachers’ perception of digital media and the use of digital media? How does Teachers’ Perception of Digital Media Affect Using Digital Media in Enhancing Basic Skills? This quantitative study used correlational and causal-comparative research design to identify the relationship and causal effect among the variables. It involved 60 teachers from 15 public primary schools obtained through a stratified sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, and analyzed by Correlation coefficient and simple linear regression. The Technology Acceptance Model guided the study. The analysis indicated a positive correlation between teachers’ perception of digital media and the use of digital media. The Simple regression analysis displayed a positive effect of teachers’ perception of digital media on the use of digital media in enhancing basic skills. The study recommends policymakers, curriculum developers, and implementers, consider influencing teachers with positive attitudes through training on the significance of videos and digital pictures in enhancing basic skills
Investigating the Precursors of Instructional Delivery Competence among Kyambogo University Teaching Staff
Authors: Ndawula Stephen , Kyazike Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

Instructional delivery is one of the critical measures of productivity of an academic teaching staff. Universities need to invest in developing the teaching capacities of their academic workforce to deliver effective teaching and learning processes to the students. This study investigated the influence of pedagogical competencies (PC) on instructional delivery among the teaching staff at Kyambogo University (KyU). The study sample was 51 teaching staff members from the Faculty of Education and the Faculty of Arts, who comprised the Heads of Department and the lecturers. Using random and purposive sampling, they were chosen for sampling. Survey questionnaires and interview guides were used to get data later analysed in frequencies and percentages. The qualitative data analysis was done, and the findings revealed that pedagogical competencies influence the quality of lecture delivery. Based on this evidence, it was concluded that pedagogical competencies influence instructional delivery. Although most of the results were encouraging and showed notable improvements in how lessons were delivered, some shortcomings were also noted. It was recommended that the management of KyU designs and implements continuous professional development programs to improve the pedagogical skills of the teaching staff. Similar research will be carried out at faculties within KyU other than the Faculty of Education and Faculty of Arts
Analysis of Gender Inequalities in Migrants to Squatter Settlements in Mwanza City, Tanzania
Authors: Faru Sakina
Published: December 2024

This paper provides results from an analysis of gender inequalities in migrants to squatter settlements in Mwanza City, Tanzania. In its pursuit to glean out gender inequality aspects, Anomie Theory was employed. A mixed research approach and a case study strategy were used. Respondents encompassed local government leaders and residents in squatter settlements. Interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussions yielded primary data, whereas documentary reviews furnished secondary data. Content analysis was used for qualitative data and simple statistics were employed for quantitative data. Results from this study revealed that there were more women than men who migrated to squatter settlements and more women than men owned houses. Gender-based violence that included wife battering, accusations of sorcery and genital mutilation led women and girls, respectively, to escape rural areas to Mwanza City for safety. Individuals with deviant behaviours included thugs, robbers, drug addicts, alcoholics and prostitutes. Government law enforcement agents deal with deviant behaviours in the city including squatter areas. In its pursuit through employed Anomie Theory as a conjectural lens, results from the study led the researcher to discern the implications of the research. Thus, it is recommended that there is a need for all persons as individuals, civil society organizations and the government to vehemently deal with Gender-Based Violence both in rural and urban areas. Through concerted efforts by identified players together with the government, it will be possible to increase the fight against deviant behaviours in Mwanza city areas
Therapeutic approaches for repeat expansion diseases: a comprehensive review
Authors: Bhuiyan Afsana
Published: December 2024

Repeat expansion diseases (REDs) are genetic disorders caused by unusual expansions of DNA sequences within certain genes. They cause several neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington’s disease (HD), myotonic dystrophy (DM), spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), fragile X syndrome (FXS), and others. The pathogenic repeat expansions disrupt normal cellular processes by producing aberrant RNA repeat sequences, leading to toxic protein aggregation, RNA foci, and altered gene expression. Although they belong to the rare disease group, such diseases must be investigated to understand integral mechanisms and prevention. Current methods for alleviating these diseases involve—gene silencing therapies by antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and RNA interference (RNAi), CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, small molecule therapies, etc. ASOs and RNAi reduce toxic protein production genes while CRISPR/Cas9 excise or alter expanded repeats. Small molecule therapies targeting RNA repeat-binding or proteostasis regulation are being developed to alleviate toxic protein accumulation, prevent RNA toxic foci formation, and promote the degradation of misfolded proteins. Additionally, gene replacement and regulatory element modification restore normal gene function. Some researchers tried to modulate toxic protein aggregation using heat shock proteins and chemical chaperones. This is a comprehensive review on the available research on RED treatment and their ongoing challenges, such as efficient delivery of therapies to the central nervous system, minimizing off-target effects in gene editing, sustaining therapeutic efficacy, and addressing toxicity and scalability in large-scale applications.
Improving the quality of well reinforcement in the representation of the Umid-Babek field
Authors:   "Oil - Gas Scientific Research Projects Institute’’ Institute, Azerbaijan Republic, Hashimov A.S.
Published: December 2024

High-quality drilling of gas and gas-condensate deposits on the world shelf, including in the Caspian Sea part of Azerbaijan, is of great national economic importance. For many years by the most advanced achievements, the wells were achieved to be drilled to the project depth, and the required amount of gas and condensate were successfully produced. Azerbaijan’s achievements in this field were realized at such a high pace that currently Azerbaijan has managed to export its natural resources to the European market. In our modern times, the penetration of drilling to greater depths and the occurrence of a number of complications have brought to the fore the application of the most advanced innovative approaches in well drilling technology and strengthening as well. One of the prospective fields mentioned is the ‘‘Umid-Babek’’ structure. Currently, the drilling operations are carried out on a very large scale and the most advanced technologies of the world drilling experience are applied in the mentioned field.
Well reinforcement is one of the most difficult and responsible stages of well construction. It is no coincidence that due to high-quality reinforcement of the well, favorable conditions for the effective operation of the field are created. The most advanced technologies for the qualitative strengthening of casings are also applied in the ‘‘Umid-Babek’’ field.
As a result of the researches, it was determined that if the well wall stability violation, absorption of drilling fluid and occasional manifestations are observed during drilling, the presence of more serious and effective complications is observed after the protective belt is lowered. First of all, injecting the required amount of cement solution behind the casing lowered into the well, making sure that this solution completely covers the annular space, and finally, the formation of qualitative cement is one of the actual problems.
In the presented article, some directions of technological solutions related to the strengthening of wells in the ‘‘Umid-Babek’’ structure were presented.
Study of the process of catalytic oxidation of a mixture of naphthene-paraffin hydrocarbons isolated from oil distillate of T-46
Authors:   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Abbasov V.M. , Afandieva L.M. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Nasibova G.G. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Akhmedbekova S.F. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Mamedova Sh.R. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Chingiz Ch.F. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic
Published: December 2024

The article presents deromatization of oil distillate T-46 of Azerbaijan oil mixture by sulfonation method, preparation of naphthene-paraffin hydrocarbon mixture, oxidation of naphthene-paraffin hydrocarbons isolated from oil distillate T-46 in liquid phase with atmospheric oxygen in presence of salts of Mn- and Cr- natural petroleum acids as catalyst, taken in different concentrations, and their mixtures in different proportions. It has been established that the best results in the liquid-phase oxidation of naphthene-paraffin hydrocarbons isolated from a mixture of Azerbaijan oils of oil distillate T-46 are obtained in presence of Mn-salt of natural petroleum acids (NPA Mn) with concentration of 0.3 wt. %, with reaction duration of 5 hours, where yield of acids is 33–34 %. When using catalysts together, the best results are observed with a catalyst ratio of NPA Cr:NPA Mn - 3:1, with a reaction duration of 5 hours, where the yield of the acid mixture is 36.7 %. The composition of the synthesized synthetic petroleum acids obtained by liquid-phase oxidation of a mixture of naphthene-paraffin hydrocarbons isolated from the oil distillate of T-46, with atmospheric oxygen with the catalytic presence of NPA Mn, was confirmed by IR spectroscopy on an Alpha Fourier spectrometer manufactured by Bruker, Germany.
Modern trends in development of innovative activities of enterprises
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Safarova G.N.
Published: December 2024

In the article, the main essence of the economic strategy of the enterprises operating in the conditions of the innovative economy is explained and the main influencing principles are listed. The necessity of careful study and scientific-theoretical research of existing innovations for the successful management of innovation activities of the enterprise was brought to attention. Also, the main factors affecting the innovative activity of enterprises were analyzed, the creation of long-term guidelines as ways of increasing innovative potential, the transparency of the financial sector, the aspects of promoting new inventions in the field of fundamental and applied sciences were shown, the main development directions for strengthening the mutual relations between the state, business and science and the modern development trends of innovation activities characterizing the selection of their implementation methods were investigated. The necessity of creating a methodology for evaluating external and internal risk factors, which serves the successful implementation of innovative activity and accurate determination of existing working conditions, as well as the need to use new innovations to solve existing problems in the innovative economy, was especially noted.
The scientific results obtained on the basis of theoretical analyzes once again confirm the importance of creating an innovative development strategy of each enterprise as the main factor in obtaining competitive advantages in domestic and foreign economic markets, high profitability of capital and the processes of increasing the market value of the enterprise.
Prevention of water ingress during the operation of oil wells at some facilities of the Siyazan monoclinal field
Authors:   "Oil-Gas Scientific Research Project” Institute, Azerbaijan Republic, Nurmammadli F.A.
Published: December 2024

The Siyazan monocline is located in the Caspian-Guba oil-gas region and stretches for 90 km along the foothills of the South-Eastern Caucasus. This 800 m wide strip-shaped area is located between Zorat station and Karachay.
It consists of areas with different structures according to the terrain. It stretches from Atacay to Kilkilay in the southeast with a coastal plain and low hills, while the North-West area passes through relatively high plains and forests.
Wells are often drilled deep (about 1000 m long and more), equipped with uncemented, ready-made filter casing, and the entire unit is operated together. The upper part of the unit consists of oil-saturated chalk sediments, and the lower part consists of non-retentive (clay-sandy) rocks. As a result, only the upper part of the bed is exploited.
The surface of the Siyazan monoclinal deposit has many water networks crossing it (Garachay, Caghajugchay, Valvalechay, Shabranchay, Kilkilachay, Atachay). The tributaries of these water bodies do not dry up even in the summer months.
Ready-made filters are used in wells exploiting layers of chalk sediments located at an angle of 70–80o. Over time, irrigation in such wells occurs due to the opening of holes in the perforation interval to large distances and bottom water entering the well from lower wells.
Pelatihan Penentuan Arah Kiblat Masjid dan Mushollah pada Imam Masjid di Kecamatan Tombolopao Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Pewangi Mawardi , Alamsyah  , Ferdinan
Published: December 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan Imam Masjid dan para pegawai KUA Tombolo Pao dalam melakukan pengukuran Arah Kbilat Masjid dan Mushollah. Pengabdian telah dilaksanakan di Mushollah Madrasah Aliyah pada tanggal 14 Juni 2021. Pelatihan ini menggunakan media praktek Istiwa’Aini dengan menggunakan metode diskusi, demontrasi dan pendampingan yang dikemas dalam bentuk pelatihan langsung penggunaan alat pengukur arah kiblat. Pengabdian yang dikemas dalam bentuk pelatihan ini dibagi dalam 3 sesi yaitu Pemberian materi tentang Fiqih arah Kiblat, Problematika Arah Kiblat di Indonesia dan dilanjutkan dengan praktek penggunaan alat pengukur arah kiblat Istiwa’Aini dan Kompas. Peserta sebanyak 30 orang yang merupakan Imama Masjid Sekecamatan Tombolo Apo yang didampingi oleh seluruh pegawai KUA Tombolo Pao. Dalam kegiatan ini Imam masjid dilatih untuk memahami fiqih arah kiblat sebagai dasar mereka dalam menjawab problematika dimasyarakat tentang pentingnya menghadap ke kiblat dalam hal melaksanakan ibadah (Shalat). Selanjutnya Imam masjid kemudian dibekali dengan praktek penggunaan Alat Istiwa’Aini yang dikolaborasikan dengan Aplikasi Istiwa’Aini.
APPROACHING THE LEGENDARY HSUAN TSANG, THE PILGRIM AND SCHOLAR THROUGH THE LENS OF BIOGRAPHICAL CRITICISM
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Trung
Published: December 2024

Hsuan Tsang, the Pilgrim & Scholar by Venerable Thich Minh Chau is notably intriguing due to its unique hybrid of historical narrative and biography. Examining this work from the perspective of biographical criticism not only holds scientific significance in elucidating the historical figure of Tang Hsüan-tsang but also sheds light on the activities of Venerable Thich Minh Chau through their notable similarities. This underscores Venerable Thich Minh Chau’s innovative contributions to storytelling and narrative structure, particularly when examined through the framework of biography and culture. By employing biographical criticism and integrating three specialized methods–psychological analysis, socio-cultural context, and interdisciplinary approaches–this paper analyzes the work focusing on biographical elements, travel accounts, and Buddhist studies. The aim is to clarify the depiction of Tang Hsüan-tsang, contributing to the research on Hsuan Tsang, the Pilgrim & Scholar as a resource for Buddhist studies and Vietnamese literature at the university level.
ЛЮБОВЬ И РАЗЛУКА: СУДЬБА В КОНЦЕПТОСФЕРЕ БУЛАТА ОКУДЖАВЫ (К 100-ЛЕТИЮ ПОЭТА)
Authors: МАТРУСОВА А. Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье описывается один из мегаконцептов, составляющих концептосферу творчества Булата Окуджавы, которому в 2024 г. исполнилось 100 лет. Автором рассмотрены два уровня концептосферы Окуджавы – мегаконцепт «судьба» и субконцепты. Впервые в фокус лингвистического исследования попала концептосфера барда, заслуженно пользующегося вниманием ученых-литературоведов, но пока лишь единично представленного в исследованиях языковедов. В результате проведенного анализа можно утверждать, что исследуемый мегаконцепт является дискурсообразующим не только в творчестве Окуджавы, но и в концептосфере русской песни ХХ в.

The article describes one of the megaconcepts that make up the conceptosphere of Bulat Okudzhava's creative work, who turns 100 years old in 2024. The author considers two levels of Okudzhava's conceptosphere – megaconcept «fate» and subconcepts. For the first time in the focus of linguistic research is the conceptosphere of the bard, who deservedly enjoys the attention of literary scholars, but is still only sparsely represented in the studies of linguists. As a result of the analysis, we can assert that the megaconcept under study is discourse-forming not only in Okudzhava's work, but also in the conceptosphere of Russian song of the XX century.
ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ И НОВАТОРСКИЕ ТЕХНИКИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ КИТАЙСКИХ СТУДЕНТОВ РУССКОЙ ФОНЕТИКЕ
Authors: АНТОНОВА Ю.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме обучения китайских студентов русским слухопроизносительным навыкам. Подчеркивается необходимость коррекции подхода к обучению русской фонетике в вузах КНР. Излагаются особенности китайского языка, которые приводят к межъязыковой интерференции. Перечисляются типы ошибок, которые китайские студенты-филологи допускают при освоении русской фонетики. Автор предлагает сделать главным аналитико-имитационный метод постановки звуков и сочетать работу по УМК «Восток‑1» с современными приемами из логопедии и нейропедагогики, которые придают обучению интерактивный характер, создают благоприятный эмоциональный фон на занятии. Описывается процесс работы над формированием слухопроизносительных навыков с использованием мнемотехник и игровых приемов. Указываются цифровые образовательные ресурсы, которые способствуют повышению эффективности обучения. Статья адресована начинающим преподавателям РКИ, которые нуждаются в методической поддержке, а также опытным коллегам, которые находятся в постоянном поиске свежих педагогических идей.

Russian as a foreign language, chinese students, teaching phonetics, phonetics, phonetic game. The article is devoted to the problem of teaching Russian auditory pronunciation skills to Chinese students. The need to correct the approach to teaching Russian phonetics in Chinese universities is emphasized. The features of the Chinese language that lead to interlingual interference are outlined. The types of mistakes that Chinese philology students make when mastering Russian phonetics are listed. The author proposes to put the analytical-imitation method of producing sounds at the forefront and combine work on the Vostok‑1 educational complex with modern techniques from speech therapy and neuropedagogy, which give learning an interactive character and create a favorable emotional background in the lesson. The process of working on the formation of auditory pronunciation skills using mnemonics and gaming techniques is described. Digital educational resources that help improve learning efficiency are indicated. The article is addressed to beginning teachers who need methodological support, as well as experienced colleagues who are constantly looking for fresh pedagogical ideas.
ОБУЧЕНИЕ ИНОСТРАННЫХ УЧАЩИХСЯ ПРОСЛУШИВАНИЮ И СОЗДАНИЮ ПОДКАСТОВ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Authors: ШУТОВА М.Н. , ПЫШНЕНКО А.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются возможности применения технологии подкастинга для развития коммуникативной компетенции на занятиях по РКИ. Прослушивание аутентичных материалов и продуцирование собственного высказывания традиционно представляет сложность для иностранных учащихся. В статье описан опыт обращения к русскоязычному подкасту в группах иностранных учащихся, владеющих русским языком на уровне от B1 до В2. В экспериментальной группе студенты прослушивали аутентичные подкасты и записывали собственные подкасты с использованием методики, контрольная группа работала без нее. Подкасты, созданные обеими группами, сравнивались по ряду критериев, также описанных в исследовании. Приводятся результаты эксперимента, которые подтверждают методическую ценность предложенного алгоритма работы с аутентичными подкастами.

This article discusses the possibilities of using podcasting technology to develop communicative competence in Russian as a foreign language classes. Listening to authentic materials and producing one's own utterance is traditionally difficult for foreign students. The article describes the experience of accessing a Russian-language podcast in groups of foreign students who speak Russian at the level from B1 to B2. In the experimental group, students listened to authentic podcasts and recorded their own podcasts using the technique, the control group worked without it. Podcasts created by both groups were compared according to a number of criteria also described in the study. The results of the experiment are presented, which confirm the methodological value of the proposed algorithm for working with authentic podcasts.
ПОЭЗИЯ АНАТОЛИЯ ШТЕЙГЕРА И ЛИДИИ ЧЕРВИНСКОЙ КАК ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ «ПАРИЖСКОЙ НОТЫ»
Authors: ДОРОНИНА И.Н.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу творчества Лидии Червинской и Ана- толия Штейгера как одних из ярких представителей литератур- ного объединения «Парижская нота», сформированного во время первой волны эмиграции. Особое внимание уделяется не только выявлению автобиографического и автопсихологического начала в лирике Червинской и Штейгера, но и языковым средствам, обра- зующим словесную ткань поэтических текстов, таким как синтаксис и пунктуация. В статье рассматриваются основные темы и мотивы, волновавшие поэтов именно «Парижской ноты», обусловленные динамикой историко-культурной действительности и вырабаты- ваемого ею сознания.

The article is devoted to analyzing the works of Lidia Chervinskaya and Anatoly Shteiger as one of the key representatives of the literary association “Paris Note”, formed during the first wave of emigration. Special attention is paid not only to the meaning-forming stylistic means of these poets, but also to the forming ones, syntax and punctuation. The creative heritage of L. Chervinskaya and A. Steiger is considered in the context of the epoch, which provoked the prevalence of such themes as loneliness, melancholy, hopelessness, cyclicality, reflection, the passage of time and a special emphasis on memories and remembrance among literary works. The loss of homeland, search for new meanings of life, accommodation in the conditions of new environment and new foundations became the source of formation of various creative associations, as the need for like-minded people was acute. The article considers the main motives that worried the poets of the “Paris Note”, leaving space for further research and analysis of existing works.
Advances in Environmental Monitoring of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Kostianoy Andrey G. , Pešić Vladimir
Published: December 2024

The paper provides a brief overview of 11 papers published in the Special Issue of Ecologica Montenegrina entitled "Advances in Environmental Monitoring of the Caspian Sea". These papers are devoted to different aspects of environmental issues of the Caspian Sea from regional climate change and dramatic sea level decline to oil pollution and algal bloom among the others. Special attention is paid to the ecologically and biologically significant marine protected areas in the Caspian Sea and the need to organize Marine Protected Areas in the region. The contributions in this special issue not only shed light on the environmental problems facing the Caspian Sea, but also emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and constant improvement of methods aimed at obtaining reliable and timely environmental data of this unique ecosystem. A combination of satellite remote sensing methods with in-situ measurements allows to improve a quality of remote sensing data via calibration and elaboration of regional algorithms. From the other side, this will improve a quality of satellite monitoring of the ecological state of whole area of the Caspian Sea which is of vital importance during a continuous decline of the sea level. The presented results further evidence the need for continuous satellite monitoring of areas subjected to ecological risks in the Caspian Sea.
Experimental study of pressure losses in hydrodynamic sealing of the axial soil pump
Authors: Yakovlev Sergey G.
Published: December 2024

The problem of using axial pumps as ground pumps is the intensive wear of the peripheral parts of the impeller blades. To reduce wear, the impeller is enclosed in a cylindrical shell. However, effective protection of the front seal of the axial pump is not provided, and the technical solution proposed below prevents the circulation of the hydraulic mixture from the pressure cavity into the suction one. The blade system of hydrodynamic sealing, pumping clean water into the flushed gap, prevents its wear, but at the same time creates additional resistance in the form of a vortex flow. The installation of straightening devices of various designs allows, as a result, to reduce pressure losses in the flushed gap 2.5 times and reduce the weight and dimensions of the axial pump as a whole.
Problems and prospects of water transport development in modern economic conditions
Authors: Erlygina Elena G. , Shabanova Ekaterina M.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the problems and prospects of water transport development in modern economic conditions. Water transport plays an important role in solving economic problems, but its use is associated with a number of problems, such as the condition of waterways, hydraulic structures, the technical condition of the fleet and the financial and economic situation of shipping companies and ports. The problem of the negative impact of ships on the environment remains relevant.
Nevertheless, water transport has significant potential for development, which can be realized through innovative projects, international cooperation and integration with other modes of transport. This will make water transport more competitive and make a significant contribution to the country's economy.
Analysis of the information monitoring system for water transport performance indicators
Authors: Kazmina Olesya A. , Kazmin Sergei A. , Kholopova Anna A.
Published: December 2024

The collection and monitoring of water transport industry indicators is provided by federal executive authorities in transport, in particular Rosmorrechflot. In order to study the current system for monitoring industry performance indicators, the article analyzes the structure of Rosmorrechflot and its subordinate organizations, as well as the areas of their work. Taking into account the multidirectional functionality of the considered system of subordinate organizations, the set of indicators of their work also differs. The article systematizes the structural list of directorates and departments of Rosmorrechflot. The Regulations on the Departments were analyzed, their tasks and functions were identified, and a list of functions in terms of information monitoring of water transport performance indicators was identified. Official regulatory documents were analyzed and it was revealed that the industry monitoring system is normatively approved only for inland water transport indicators. Based on the analysis, conclusions are drawn about the need to update the industry monitoring system, as well as proposals for its optimization by creating a single industry monitoring center.
Conceptual methodological approach to the formation of innovative port transport and logistics infrastructure within the priority development areas
Authors: Sukharev Dmitry N. , Kostrov Vladimir N. , Nichiporuk Andrei O. , Pochekaeva Olga V.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the possibility of forming a single network of transport and logistics centers in order to ensure the advanced development of transport infrastructure and the fulfillment of the tasks set in the Transport Strategy and the Strategy for the Scientific and Technical Development of the Russian Federation. The similarity of the principles of the formation of priority development territories with the transport and logistics centers functioning within their framework and cluster theory is shown. In this regard, a conceptual model of the transport and logistics cluster of the regional level, built into the international transport corridor and which is part of the country's supporting transport network, has been proposed. A conceptual model for managing the development of a combined transport and logistics system of transportation, taking into account interaction within the framework of the international transport corridor, was considered and supplemented, the implementation of which will speed up the formation of a reference transport network and the achievement of the set targets of the main national program documents.
Life cycle analysis of innovation and investment projects at enterprises of the shipbuilding industry as a high-tech industry
Authors: Chebotarev Vladislav S. , Yelshin Vladimir A. , Pyzhova Zhanna Y.
Published: December 2024

To implement innovative investment projects of the life cycle in the shipbuilding industry as a high-tech industry, some organizational and technical measures are required. It will be important to determine the infrastructure, organization of management of innovative and investment shipbuilding projects, development of necessary mechanisms and methodology, formation of full mutual understanding between the manufacturer and the customer, development of an effective integrated information and logistics system.
The purpose: It is a life cycle analysis for the expansion of innovative activities for shipbuilding enterprises as a high-tech industry.
Novelty: the expansion of innovative investment projects in the shipbuilding industry is aimed at creating competitive high-tech shipbuilding products.
Result: the expansion of innovative investment projects in high-tech sectors of the economy will accelerate the stable and innovative development of the shipbuilding industry and ensure the achievement and maintenance of high competitiveness of domestic shipbuilding products on the world market.                                                 
The theoretical significance of the results the results obtained are that the analysis of the life cycle of innovative projects will stimulate the economic growth of enterprises in the shipbuilding industry and high-tech sectors of the domestic economy.
Models of prompt response on exceptional circumstances in law enforcement and safety
Authors: Kurlovich Pavel , Shestak Valentin
Published: December 2024

Introduction: this article presents an analysis of the models of response employed by executive authorities in emergency circumstances. The authors justify the necessity of supplementing the centralized model of command and control with models of coordination. It is highlighted that there is a need to extend the autonomy of responders deployed to the scene of an incident in order to enable them to make response decisions.

Materials and Methods: in preparing this article, a comprehensive range of specialized literature and a substantial collection of empirical materials reflecting the practice of prompt response to emergencies in diverse countries were examined. The distinctive features of normative-legal regulations governing the mitigation of adverse factors were also considered. The case-interview method was employed to identify the organizational attributes of prompt services. A comparative approach was employed to examine the experiences of prompt response units in foreign countries.

Results: the findings of the study indicate that during the initial deployment of forces and resources until the implementation of a specific legal framework, the primary responsibility for responding to emergencies lies with the frontline units of law enforcement agencies. The practice of law enforcement agencies in emergency situations demonstrates the necessity for supplementing the centralised management model with models of horizontal coordination of front-line units' actions, thereby affording them autonomy in decision-making during the initial response period.

Discussion and Conclusions: it is evident that the forward coordination model cannot be regarded as an isolated method for organising an emergency response. The forward units deployed to the scene of an incident are in possession of more detailed information about the actual situation. However, in contrast to the higher levels of management, they lack the comprehensive information that characterises the prompt situation. The intricate nature of the negative factors in question necessitates interagency collaboration, which the units directly engaged in suppression activities are unable to achieve without assistance.
CRIMINOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MILITARY CRIME: NEW REALITIES OF A SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION
Authors: Molchanova Tatyana , Suharenko Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

Introduction: the article will be on the analysis of the change in the level, structure, dynamics of the military crime and persons committing it during special military operation.

Materials and Methods: Main Informational and Analytical Centre statistics from 2017 to 2023, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation data, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation (data valued according to statistical method) were empirical basis for the study.

Results: since the inception of the special operation, a general decline in crime has been observed in Russia. However, an increase in criminal activity has been noted with regard to crimes against military service, as defined in Chapter 33 of the Russian Criminal Code, and individual criminal encroachments related to the implementation of the state defense order. Crimes committed in conditions of armed conflict or warfare are of particular concern due to their potential impact on the combat capability and combat readiness of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. This article presents a statistical analysis of the dynamics of military crime, including abuses in the field of state defense orders, for the period 2022-2023. The authors examine the organisational and legal measures implemented by the state with the objective of reducing the number of crimes committed in the context of a special military operation.

Discussion and Conclusions: the author's findings led to the following conclusions:

1. The quantitative characteristics of the crimes outlined in Chapter 33 of the Russian Federation's Criminal Code demonstrate a discernible increase since the commencement of the special military operation.

2. A distinct category of criminal acts pertains to the perpetration of illicit activities in accordance with the directives of the state defense order, which collectively constitute a novel phenomenon in the context of criminality. During the period spanning 2022 to 2023, there has been a notable rise in the number of criminal acts pertaining to the misappropriation or embezzlement of budgetary resources within the context of the state defense order and the military-industrial complex.
THEFT IN THE SPHERE OF CRYPTOCURRENCY TURNOVER IN THE STRUCTURE OF CYBERCRIME: TYPES, PROBLEMS OF INVESTIGATION (BELARUSIAN EXPERIENCE)
Authors: Shneiderova Daria
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: the article presents an analysis of the phenomenon of cryptocurrency theft within the context of cybercrime in the Republic of Belarus. The objective is to identify the tactical and procedural challenges encountered by Belarusian law enforcement agencies in investigating this category of crimes. The necessity for this research is determined by the requirement to identify scientifically sound methods of solving the problems identified, with the aim of improving the effectiveness of the investigation process of theft in the sphere of cryptocurrency turnover.

Materials and Methods: the author of the article has conducted a comprehensive investigation into the regulatory framework governing the turnover of cryptocurrency in the territory of the Republic of Belarus, as well as the activities of law enforcement agencies in investigating crimes. This involved a detailed analysis of relevant legal instruments and materials from judicial and investigative practice. In preparing this article, a variety of methods were employed, including the general method of cognition, as well as general and particular scientific methods. These included the statistical method, the formal-legal method, the system-structural method, the formal-logical method, and others.

Literature Review: a review of the literature was conducted, focusing on works by Belarusian and Russian authors that address legal issues related to cryptocurrency turnover and the methodology of investigating theft in this context.

Results revealed that the author proposed a system of methods for committing theft in the sphere of cryptocurrency turnover in the territory of the Republic of Belarus. Furthermore, the research identified the problems of obtaining criminalistically significant information in cases of this category, as well as organisational and methodological problems affecting the effectiveness of the investigation process of cryptocurrency theft.

Discussion and Conclusions: the ways of enhancing the efficacy of the investigative methodology for crimes involving cryptocurrency turnover by modifying the Belarusian approach to the legal regulation of cryptocurrency turnover, establishing new channels for acquiring criminologically significant information from foreign sources, and improving the tactics for conducting certain investigative and procedural actions have been identified.
Comparative Analysis of Lateral Radiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Kaya İsmail , Yakar Hüseyin
Published: December 2024

Aim: This article investigates the use of X-ray as a cost-effective and feasible alternative to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosing lumbar disc herniation (LDH), a common condition with significant economic impact.
Material and Method: We assessed the diagnostic efficacy of lumbar lateral radiography (LLR) in identifying LDH. The study cohort formed from patients, presenting with lumbalgia or lumbosciatalgia. Participants who gave consent and had both MRI and LLR within a one-month period were included. Data normality was evaluated, employing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for nonparametric data. Variables were represented as means ± standard deviation, analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, with a p-value of less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance.
Results: The study involved 436 patients, 56.8% female and 43.2% male, ranging in age from 18 to 75 years. No significant gender, age, or Body Mass Index (BMI)-related differences were observed in the presence of LDH on radiographs. However, significant differences were noted at the L5-S1 and L4-L5 levels. The LLR showed a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 95%, and a high agreement of 96.7% among evaluators.
Conclusion: Study concludes that LLR achieves a diagnostic success rate comparable to Lumbar MRI for most LDH cases. Notably, it is crucial to employ LLR even in patients presenting with "red flag" signs. LLR stands out as a cost-effective and rapid diagnostic alternative in the assessment of LDH. Nonetheless, it is important to acknowledge that MRI continues to be indispensable in more complex cases or for patients exhibiting specific clinical symptoms.
Analisis Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Terkait Kasus Penyerobotan Tanah dalam Putusan Nomor 16/PDT/2022/PT BTN
Authors: Andryawan Andryawan , Khairunisa Ririn , Setiawati Salma , Khairunisa Diva , Dewi Ellina , Eliezer Kezia Estevania Christabel
Published: December 2024

Land encroachment is a problem that often occurs in social environments, as it falls under the category of unlawful acts, as stated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code, which states that "Any act that violates the law and causes harm to another person obliges the perpetrator to compensate for the loss due to their fault." Land encroachment can be categorised as an unlawful act because it meets the requirements of an unlawful act, namely, it must be an act that constitutes an unlawful act, fault, the loss caused, and a causal relationship between the act and the loss. The objective of the research in this case study is to identify the decision of the Banten High Court with Number 16/PDT/2022/PT Banten and to discuss the legal implications that can be applied to this case. The connection with land ownership encroachment in this article also analyses the important role of documents as proof of land ownership rights and the importance of verifying the validity of documents to possess land rights.
Analisis Kedudukan Hukum Notaris dan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Akta Yang dibatalkan oleh Putusan Pengadilan
Authors: Larashati Devira Ayu , Rahayu Mella Ismelina Farma
Published: December 2024

Perlindungan hukum terhadap notaris dalam kasus pembatalan akta oleh pengadilan sangat penting untuk menjaga integritas profesi notaris sebagai pejabat publik. Notaris memiliki kewenangan dan tanggung jawab dalam pembuatan akta otentik yang diakui sebagai alat bukti yang sah, sesuai dengan Pasal 1868 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata). Namun, dalam kasus pembatalan, perlindungan hukum diperlukan agar notaris tidak dianggap bertanggung jawab atas kesalahan yang bukan akibat kelalaian mereka, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 65 Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Jabatan Notaris (UUJN). Pembatalan akta tidak menghilangkan status akta yang telah dibuat, dan Majelis Pengawas Daerah (MPD) memiliki wewenang untuk menilai tindakan notaris. Kode etik notaris dan ketentuan hukum memberikan perlindungan lebih lanjut, termasuk hak untuk memberikan klarifikasi sebelum diminta memberikan keterangan. Selain itu, konsekuensi hukum bagi notaris setelah pembatalan akta juga dapat memengaruhi kredibilitas akta lainnya yang pernah dibuat, di mana reputasi notaris sebagai pihak netral menjadi pertaruhan. Akibatnya, penting bagi notaris untuk menjaga profesionalisme dan kepatuhan terhadap hukum demi menghindari dampak negatif terhadap praktik kenotariatan. Melalui mekanisme perlindungan ini, notaris diharapkan dapat menjalankan fungsinya dengan aman tanpa takut akan pembalasan hukum yang tidak adil.