bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptabilidad y optimización de una herramienta de evaluación de efectividad de manejo de áreas protegidas (Ecuador)
Authors: Mancheno Cáceres Karina
Published: November 2024

En la fase de evaluación de efectividad de manejo de las áreas naturales protegidas se generan resultados que pueden aportar a mejorar su planificación estratégica, por tal motivo las herramientas que permiten llevar a cabo un ejercicio de este tipo son fundamentales. Este ensayo analiza los antecedentes y bases conceptuales de la evaluación de efectividad de manejo, la estructura de la herramienta desarrollada para las áreas protegidas estatales de Ecuador, su capacidad de adaptación para ser aplicada en áreas de subsistemas distintos al estatal y la factibilidad de optimizarla a partir de metodologías internacionales, con el fin de actualizarla y reducir la subjetividad en los resultados de evaluación. Se ha recurrido al análisis y argumentación sobre trabajos desarrollados en torno a la metodología de evaluación de efectividad de manejo aplicada en el país, lo que ha permitido determinar que la herramienta analizada cuenta con una estructura y componentes que la hacen perfectible.
Arbeit am Wohnen
Authors: Rinn Moritz
Published: November 2024

Wohnraum ist eine zentrale Ressource sozialer Reproduktion. Menschen gebrauchen Wohnungen, um ihre Lebenszusammenhänge zu reproduzieren und Alltage zu organisieren. Doch die Aneignung von Wohnraum ist beschwerlich und besonders für Mieter:innen in Aufwertungsgebieten prekär. Arbeit am Wohnen handelt von Situationen, in denen Menschen daran arbeiten, eine Wohnung zu finden, diese bezahlbar und brauchbar zu halten, und in ihrer städtischen Umwelt bewohnbar zu machen. Aus der Perspektive einer kritischen Gesellschaftsforschung from below untersucht Moritz Rinn, welche Schwierigkeiten Menschen bei dieser Arbeit am Wohnen erfahren und wie sie mit ihnen umgehen. Erfahrungen und Bearbeitungsstrategien sind eingebettet in die Machtbeziehungen von Mietverhältnissen und Nachbarschaften. In Aushandlungen um Wohnraum kommen moralische Ökonomien des Wohnens ins Spiel, aber auch strategische Abwägungen situativer Kräfteverhältnisse. Durch umkämpfte Aushandlungen um Wohnen im Gewebe urbaner Reproduktion werden zugleich ungleiche gesellschaftliche Wohnverhältnisse hervorgebracht. Moritz Rinn macht mit dieser Analyseperspektive zugleich auch einen Vorschlag zur Erweiterung kritischer Wohnforschung.
Verqueerte Identitäten?
Authors: Sistenich Sascha
Published: November 2024

Sascha Sistenich untersucht die biografischen (Re-)Konstruktionen queerer Lebensverläufe und Erzählungen von geschlechtlichen Möglichkeiten, Erfahrungs und Existenzweisen nichtbinärer und genderqueerer Akteur:innen. Diese werden zu Gestaltungsprozessen von Übergängen im Lebenslauf und sozialen Praktiken zur Subjektivierung des Selbst sowie zum Aufbau von Resilienz analysiert. Anhand von Interviews werden geschlechtliche Möglichkeiten, Erfahrungs- und Existenzweisen, die mit den sozialen Lebenswelten nichtbinärer Subjekte einhergehen, methodisch rekonstruiert: Wie verstehen, gestalten und (er)leben die Akteur:innen Geschlechtlichkeit und welche geschlechtlichen Selbstverständnisse und Selbstbil dungsprozesse zeigen sie? Wie gestalten sich gesellschaftliche und soziale Bedingungen und Verhältnisse, die eine Intelligibilität unterschiedlicher Geschlechtlichkeiten ermöglichen oder verhindern? Diese Studie möchte einen Beitrag zu einem besseren Verständnis geschlechtlicher Vielfalt und einer möglichen grundlegenden Veränderung sowie der Anfechtung hetero- sowie cis-endo-normativer Zweigeschlechtlichkeit leisten.
Nutritive Value of The Pineapple Peels Compared to The Flesh and Its Incorporation to Human Diet and Nutrition.
Authors:   The Eldoret National Polytechnic, Chepkwony Peter , Onsando Getrude ,   The Eldoret National Polytechnic
Published: November 2024

Pineapple peels refer to the tough outer layer or skin of the pineapple fruit, which is usually removed before consumption. The peels are fibrous and contain a higher concentration of nutrients and bioactive compounds compared to the flesh of the fruit in which in most cases is rendered unused since its benefit have not been discovered in relation to human health and nutrition. The aim of this research was to explore the nutritive value of the pineapple peels compared to the flesh and its incorporation to human diet and nutrition. An experimental research design was used through proper selection of pineapples depending on their variety, maturity level and sizes in terms of their masses. Different food test processes were carried out in different times of the day to so as to monitor the results of tests conduct in different conditions using the pineapple peels products such as pineapple peels smoothie, pineapple tea, pineapple peel juice and syrup extracted from the peels to test for both macronutrients and micronutrients. The results were recorded on an observational checklist and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics methods which indicated that pineapple peels are rich in anti-oxidants such as zinc, copper, B complex vitamins compared to the flesh there was an average percentage difference of 32% from every variety between the pineapple flesh and peels in their nutritive value in relation to time and temperature under which the experiment was carried out. The peels are found to be of high nutritive value especially the anti-oxidant substances. The research recommends incorporation of this part of the fruit in use of human diet and nutrition to curb and manage different oxidative conditions. Products from pineapple peels can also be used in hospitality industry as important beverages to increase variety of pineapple beverages. Key Words: Peels, Nutrients, Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Anti-oxidant.
Enhancing Multisectoral Efforts to Combat Malnutrition in Kenya; A One Health Approach
Authors:   Mumin Wellnes Solutions-Kenya,Nairobi,Kenya, Mumina Lilian Mutanu , Otieno James ,   ANERC consults, Kisumu, Kenya
Published: November 2024

Malnutrition remains to be a serious Public Health problem in many developing countries, and is manifested as either Micronutrients deficiency, Under nutrition or Over nutrition. This has increased morbidity and mortality rates among citizens and reduced work output. To combat this menace, this present study delved to understand the impact of Multi-Sectoral Collaboration as a means of reducing the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated risks a case study of Kenya. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of health expenditure data and qualitative assessments of policy frameworks, and stakeholder engagement. Key indicators assessed included; the proportion of funds allocated to nutrition, dependency ratio on external funding for nutrition, integration of nutrition into policy frameworks, trends in health expenditure for nutrition programs, and the resource mobilization capacity of nutrition leadership within the Ministry of Health (MoH). The findings underscored significant gaps in financing nutrition activities and limited efforts to integrate policies. In addition, the study revealed that a low proportion of health expenditure was allocated to nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions thereby increasing over dependency on external funding sources. Poor incorporation of nutrition into broader health policies and inadequate resource mobilization capacity at the leadership levels further exacerbated the challenges. From the study, limited resources in nutrition serves as recipe for increased rates of malnutrition. However, adoption of other sectors including ministry of Agriculture and other development partners can leverage the government expenditures in nutrition. Furthermore, improving on staff welfare and work environment as well as increasing the number of employees would help to promote acceptance of nutrition services and avert malnutrition. Effective strategies to curb malnutrition require a holistic, One Health approach. By prioritizing investment in nutrition and strengthening Multi-Sectoral collaboration, Kenya can make substantial strides towards achieving optimal health outcomes for all. Keywords: Multisectoral, Malnutrition, Health, Dependency, Kenya.
THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM AND HELIOTROPIUM BACCIFERUM ON SPECIFIC LIFE PERFORMANCE ASPECTS OF THE CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS IN VITRO
Authors:   University of Kufa, Faculty of Agriculture University of Kufa, Department of Plant Protection, Najaf Governorate, Iraq Email: Wafaaw.alhusni@student.uokufa.ediu.iq, Husein Wafaa Mashkoor , Nezar Ali Abdulla ,   University of Kufa, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Science, Najaf Governorate, Iraq. *Corresponding author E-mail: abdullah.alqaseer@uokufa.ediu.iq
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Nowadays, one of the main pests affecting stored seeds is Callosobruchus maculatus, which drastically lowers their quality and marketability. Especially for grains intended for human or animal feed, the conventional chemical insecticides used to manage this pest can carry serious risks. Consequently, the quest for substitute pest management strategies, such as the application of plant extracts and bioactive substances, has received a lot of attention lately. Multiple insect pests can be successfully controlled by bioactive substances found in particular plant components, according to recent research. The purpose of this work was to assess how well-known insecticidal plants Achillea millefolium and Heliotropium bacciferum affected life of C. maculatus cycle and to extract their bioactive components. Part of the components taken from the leaves of A. millefolium and H. bacciferum were identified by GC-Mass spectrometry. Three replicates were examined using ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane extracts, cold water, hot water, and ethanol at four concentrations: 10, 7.5, 5, and 2.5 mg.mL-1 over 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-hour periods. The most notable effect on beetle life metrics was found to be shown by H. bacciferum extracts. Mortality rates from adult and egg extracts were especially high at 10% concentration over 96 hours. Egg mortality from a 10% ethanol extract of H. bacciferum, for example, was 74%; egg mortality from ethyl acetate and hexane extracts was 69% and 65.07%, respectively; egg mortality from hot and cold-water extracts was (51%) and (47%). Adult death rates were (84%) for the 10% ethanol extract, (79%), (75%), (59%), and (55%) for the ethyl acetate, hexane, hot water, and cold-water extracts, in that order. Keywords: A. millefolium, H. bacciferum, Callosobruchus maculatus, plant extraction, phytochemical.
DISRUPTING SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (SMITH): ULTRASONIC WAVES AS A NOVEL PEST CONTROL STRATEGY
Authors:   Vegetable Pests Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt., Ammar Rania S , Khalil Demiana H ,   Vegetable Pests Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt., Ragab Kandil S ,   Field Crop Pests Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt., Atwa Atwa A ,   Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Chemical pesticides are widely used to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), but their misuse, including non-compliance with recommended doses or improper spraying methods, leads to significant environmental harm. Pesticides can volatilize and drift onto neighboring crops, soil, and water, negatively impacting the ecosystem and reducing the overall safety and efficacy of pest control measures. This study investigates the use of ultrasonic waves as a low-cost, environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides for controlling S. frugiperda. The impact of ultrasonic waves on the insects' activity, mobility, and feeding behavior was continuously monitored over the course of the experiment. The results demonstrated that exposure to ultrasonic waves significantly reduced the hatchability of S. frugiperda eggs. Ultrasonic waves at frequencies of 31 KHz and 38 KHz resulted in the lowest number of hatched eggs per female, with values of 1231 and 1233, respectively, compared to 1239 in the untreated control group. Additionally, insects exposed to these frequencies showed a decreased feeding rate relative to the control. Continuous monitoring revealed that the insects tended to cluster away from the feeding leaves when exposed to ultrasonic waves, indicating a disruption in their normal feeding behavior and activity patterns. Statistical analysis confirmed a highly significant impact of ultrasonic waves on insect activity. These findings suggest that ultrasonic waves can effectively reduce key biological parameters in S. frugiperda, such as adult longevity, pupal weight, and fertility rate. Therefore, ultrasonic waves at frequencies of 31 KHz or 38 KHz are recommended as a safe, effective, and eco-friendly method for controlling S. frugiperda, particularly under greenhouse conditions. However, further field research is necessary to determine the practical efficiency and optimize the application of ultrasonic devices for broader agricultural use.[ Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda, Ultrasonic technology, biological parameters, alternative pesticides.
Inadequate health literacy and higher healthcare utilisation among older adults in Switzerland: cross-sectional evidence from a population-based study
Authors: Pigazzini Giuliano , Wieczorek Maud , Meier Clément , Maurer Jürgen
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Population ageing in Switzerland poses significant challenges, including for the healthcare system. Inadequate health literacy can hinder individuals’ ability to seek appropriate treatments and navigate the healthcare system efficiently. This study explores the associations between health literacy and the number of consultations with general practitioners and healthcare specialists in a population-based sample of adults aged 58+ in Switzerland.
METHODS: We used data from 1424 older adults who participated in Wave 8 (2020) of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The analysis focuses on two outcomes: the reported number of consultations with (1) general practitioners or (2) healthcare specialists in the year prior to the interview. Health literacy, i.e. the ability to find, understand, assess and apply health information, is measured using the short version of the European Health Literacy Survey questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16). The final health literacy score ranged from 0 to 16 and was categorised into three health literacy levels: inadequate (0–8), problematic (9–12) and sufficient (13–16). Bivariate analyses were conducted using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Partial associations were examined using multivariate generalised Poisson regression models controlling for key sociodemographic, regional and health-related variables.
RESULTS: Overall, 68.5% of the respondents were classified as having sufficient health literacy, while the health literacy level of 23.5% and 7.9% of respondents was classified as problematic or inadequate, respectively. The median number of general practitioner consultations and specialist visits was 2 and 1, respectively, both with an interquartile range of 1. Lower levels of health literacy were statistically significantly associated (p = 0.0011) with a higher number of general practitioner consultations in the year prior to the interview. By contrast, we did not find any significant association between health literacy and the number of specialist consultations.
CONCLUSION: This study finds that lower health literacy is associated with higher healthcare utilisation for older adults in Switzerland. The findings may suggest that general practitioners could have a significant role as advisors for individuals with low levels of health literacy, while a similar pattern is not observed for specialists. This discrepancy might be attributed, at least in part, to the role of general practitioners as intermediaries between patients and specialised care providers. Ensuring accessibility to general practitioners, particularly for individuals with low health literacy, could prove to be a beneficial strategy in addressing the healthcare requirements of this particularly vulnerable patient group. Additionally, improving health literacy in the population may provide further health benefits and lead to resource savings.
Quantum Complexity and Emulation of Black Holes
Authors: B. Crowell Lawrence
Published: November 2024

In this paper the fundamental quantum states of the world are argued to be determined by the Riemann ζ function as zeros of the supersymmetric Hamiltonians. This is a sort of quantum-gravitation dressed state that is quasi-local. This is then a model for any system with quantum states, such as dressed quantum states found in quantum optical physics. The analogues from conformal gravitation, such as with SL4F, for F=R or C carry to SL3F with QCD content and with SL2F corresponding to spin 12 system and basic general relativity for R or C respectively. This then provides a general framework for quantum computing. In the case of a quantum dot the system is the simplest with SL2R→SU2 as a Wick rotation. In this setting there is a general occurrence of dressed states, which nature configures that that may be engineered. Quantum dots as black hole models, regions that hold a quantum state as an instanton, are worked as a toy model. It is then possible to emulate black holes in the laboratory as a quantum computing element.
From Safety to Security and to Food Ethics
Authors: Mihaela Balan Ioana , Ioan Trasca Teodor , Tulcan Camelia , Belc Nastasia , Mustatea Gabriel , Roberta Tripon Maria , Lattanzio Veronica , Rychlik Michael , Duta Denisa
Published: November 2024

This chapter reveals that in an era marked by globalization and climate change, the interplay between food safety, food security, and food ethics shapes the essence of our food. It explores the complex nexus connecting these fields, highlighting paradoxes and challenges that call for an integrated and holistic approach. While food safety ensures well-being, strict regulations can unintentionally hinder food security and ethical standards, especially for small producers and developing countries. Food insecurity often forces ethical compromises, which in some circumstances could lead to environmental degradation and labor exploitation. Conversely, ethical gaps in food production can compromise safety and security, underscoring the need for balanced and inclusive policies. This exploration envisions a future where technology and tradition merge, and ethical considerations guide every aspect of the global food system. This approach aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly zero hunger (SDG 2), good health and well-being (SDG 3), responsible consumption and production (SDG 12), and climate action (SDG 13). This vision of a safe, sufficient, and ethical food system invites us to rethink and reshape our approach to feeding humanity.
Legumes: Cornerstones of Global Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Fils Pierre Jacques
Published: November 2024

Amidst global challenges to food security and sustainability, this chapter explores the pivotal role of legumes. It addresses how the increasing population and climate change impact agriculture, advocating for sustainable practices aligned with international goals, such as those of the FAO. Legumes are highlighted as vital to achieving food security and sustainability through their positive effects on soil health, nitrogen fixation, and erosion control. The chapter emphasizes legumes’ contributions to soil fertility, water retention, and resilience in diverse environments, including their ability to sequester carbon and combat climate change. Additionally, legumes play a strategic role in pest resistance through biocontrol and genetic diversity. The chapter also acknowledges challenges, such as precision agriculture technologies and genetically modified varieties. Ultimately, integrating legumes into agricultural systems promises improved productivity, rural development, and solutions to environmental concerns. Embracing these benefits is essential for cultivating a sustainable, nourished world.
Exploring AI Tools in Early Childhood Education: Usage Patterns, Functions, and Developmental Outcomes
Authors: Huang Runke , Bao Yanan , Wang Yinkuo , Wei Jiameng
Published: November 2024

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its integration into educational settings has become increasingly widespread, particularly in preschool education. AI tools, such as conversational agents, social robots, and intelligent tutoring systems, are being incorporated into learning activities and daily routines, thereby enhancing various aspects of children’s development. While the application of AI in education (AIEd) has been extensively studied, the majority of research has focused on higher education and K-12 settings, often overlooking the specific use of AI tools in early childhood education. This study addresses this gap by conducting a systematic literature review to explore the usage patterns, functions, and developmental impacts of AI tools in preschool education. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 17 relevant studies were reviewed. The findings reveal that AI tools, characterized by their diversity and interactivity, are effectively used both at home and in school settings, significantly contributing to the enhancement of language skills, emotional development, motivation, and other personal abilities in young children. These results underscore the importance of integrating AI tools into preschool education and offer valuable insights for preschool teachers, institutional administrators, and policymakers.
New Peak on Thermoluminescence Glow Curve of X-Ray-Irradiated Single Crystal after Heat Treatment
Authors: Kohzuki Yohichi
Published: November 2024

The information on solid-state (internal defect) can be contactlessly obtained from the phenomenon that light emission occurs from X-ray-irradiated KCl:Eu2+ single crystals. A new peak appears around 330 K on the thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve of the X-ray-irradiated crystals after the quenching from 473 to 773 K to room temperature. The peak is termed 330 K peak here. It is considered that the electrons released from F-centres (trapped electrons) lying in the dislocation segments are captured in the dislocation (linear crystal defect) zone and move along the dislocation line in the crystal. And further, the electrons combine with Eu3+ ions near the dislocation segments at 330 K. The variations of the TL glow curve and initial dislocation density under the influence of heat treatment confirm that the 330 K peak depends on the dislocations in the crystal.
Surgical Approaches in Pediatric Neurogenic Low Urinary Tract Dysfunction
Authors: Antonio March-Villalba José , María Gras-Martínez Rosa
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores surgical treatment modalities in pediatric urology for patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction due to neurogenic etiologies. Specific surgical strategies and innovative approaches are examined to enhance urinary function and improve the quality of life in this pediatric population. The discussion emphasizes the importance of comprehensive assessment and careful planning to tailor surgical interventions to the individual needs of each patient. Additionally, recent advances in understanding and treating these conditions are addressed, providing a comprehensive overview of available surgical options and their implications for preserving renal function and improving the quality of life for children with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.
Música politècnica
Authors: Terraza Ignasi , Cuscó Clarasó Joan , Vivo Mestres Laura , Planas Planas Mireia , Nieto Garcia Pilar , Prats Soler Clara , Royo Alberto , Bayer Pilar , Jesús Natalia de , Pablo Amanda de , Ruiz de Alda Thaïs , Marqués Acosta Fernando , Ruiz Hidalgo Javier , Salembier Clairon Philippe Jean , Sora Domenjó Carles , Cruixent Ferran
Published: November 2024

La música, com va dir Plató, nodreix l’ànima com la gimnàstica ho fa amb el cos. A la UPC, aquesta idea pren vida a través de múltiples expressions musicals, que es barregen amb la tecnologia, la ciència i la creativitat. Aquest llibre recull les veus de diferents membres de la comunitat de la UPC i creadors que han trobat en la música una manera de fer vibrar l’entorn universitari, on de nou establim un diàleg UPCArts amb d’altres sonoritats externes a la nostra universitat. Des de la màgia dels «pianos vius» o la polifonia de les corals, de les matemàtiques inherents a una melodia a la innovació acústica més actual, fins a la col·laboració amb festivals com el Sónar, entre d’altres experiències úniques, cada pàgina us portarà a descobrir com la música esdevé un pont entre disciplines i persones. És una partitura de vivències que celebra l’harmonia entre l’art, la ciència i la tecnologia, i que ens descobreix un campus ple de sons i emocions.
ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY IN REGIONS: CONCENTRATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGICAL СATCH-UP
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Bagautdinova N. , Rakhimov O.Kh. ,   Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, Kadochnikova E. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: November 2024

The significant role of knowledge in ensuring productivity, competitiveness and technological sovereignty places renewed emphasis on the concept of the knowledge economy. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological approach to assessing the three components of the knowledge economy in the regions based on integral latent variables. The values of knowledge economy indicators obtained by the authors based on minimax normalization formed the basis of three integral latent variables for 85 Russian regions in 2022: knowledge workers, R&D, and innovativeness. To analyze the concentration of the knowledge economy, the Gini and Herfindahl-Hirschman coefficients were used. The findings about the uneven concentration of knowledge economy indicators in Russian regions were demonstrated by cartograms of integral latent variables. In conclusion, practical recommendations are presented for overcoming the technological gap by integrating resources related to the development of the innovation sphere and eliminating a number of barriers.
ANALYSIS OF INSTRUMENTS OF STATE MANAGEMENT OF REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Imanbekova A. , Stavbunik Y. ,   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Kushebina G. ,   Esil University, Kadyrova A. ,   International Taraz Innovation Institute named after Sherkhan Murtaza
Published: November 2024

In the age of digitization, this study looks at how public administration has changed across Kazakhstan's regions. The rapid development of digital technologies has led to transformational changes in various sectors, including governance. Kazakhstan, as a country seeking to use digital technologies for development purposes, needs a comprehensive analysis of public administration tools in this context. This article examines various digital tools, strategies and initiatives used by the Kazakhstani government to improve regional governance. It assesses their practical relevance, impact on regional development and suggests options for further utilization of these digital tools for the benefit of the country. This study aims to investigate the methods and instruments employed in Kazakhstan's regions for state management. The study's theoretical and methodological foundation is derived from the writings of Kazakh and international scientists, as well as from scientific theories and notions regarding the function and significance of digitization in public administration. This research is interesting from a scientific standpoint because it is among the first indepth analyses of the digitalization of public administration in Kazakhstan's regions. The author identifies the practical significance, challenges and opportunities of digitalization to promote regional development in Kazakhstan. Additionally, the author makes suggestions for enhancing digital governance in Kazakhstan's various regions.
Obturator hernia with strangulation
Authors: Mountassir Marouane
Published: November 2024

Obturator hernias (OH) are rare, causing 0.2 to 1.6 mechanical obstructions in the small intestine, with postoperative mortality and morbidity of 35% and 18%, respectively. We report a case of a patient diagnosed with a strangulated OH during the evaluation of obstruction. OH is difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to its low clinical specificity. Computed tomography examination appears to be a significant aid in etiological diagnosis. However, once the diagnosis of obstruction is established, emergency intervention can reveal the etiology and propose treatment. Delayed treatment increases mortality and morbidity.
Triades philosophiques et Trinité chrétienne chez Cyrille d’Alexandrie
Authors: Boulnois Marie‑Odile ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

Responding to criticism from the emperor Julian, who accused Christianity of having innovated by introducing the Trinitarian doctrine, Cyril of Alexandria argues by invoking the agreements between Platonic philosophy, to which Julian himself refers, and Christian theology. Among the many texts he invokes, Letter II, attributed to Plato, plays a central role through its rereading by Plotinus and Porphyry. Citing and analyzing these Neoplatonic interpretations, Cyril establishes that the philosophers also support the procession of three hypostases, describe their mutual relations, the absence of an intermediary between them, and even use the term „trinity”. This convergence does not prevent him from pointing out certain weaknesses of this doctrine, which sometimes borders on Arianism, such as the hierarchization of hypostases or the distinction between the supreme God and the Creator, errors that Cyril accuses Julian of having inherited. From the point of view of the history of textual transmission, this Christian reappropriation of Neoplatonic philosophy has enabled us to preserve texts by Porphyry that would have otherwise been lost. The posterity of these texts and their Cyrillian interpretation also played a role in later debates between proponents and opponents of the agreement between Platonism and Christianity.
Des intentions et des choses. Yaḥyâ ibn ꜥAdî et la pluralite dans la substance
Authors: Trego Kristell ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

Schließt das Eine das Viele aus ? Ein Christ behauptet, dass Gott ein einziges Wesen und drei Personen ist. Ein jakobitischer Christ bejaht die persönliche und natürliche Einheit von Christus, der aus zwei Essenzen zusammengesetzt ist. Ein jakobitischer christlicher Philosoph kann sich auf die Logik stützen, um herauszufinden, wie eine einzige Substanz aus nicht nur zufällig, sondern wesentlich aus vielfältigen Eigenschaften bestehen kann. Dies tut Yaḥyâ ibn ‘Adî. Er fasst derart die Vielzahl von Intentionen oder Dingen auf, dass sie der Einheit des Subjekts nicht schaden. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert die metaphysische Geste, die sich auf diese Weise abspielt.
Sur le sens de μεταβατικός chez Proclus
Authors: Lernould Alain ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

Proclus posits the following triad of particular souls : divine souls – superior souls – human souls. These three orders of souls hold in common the fact that the intellect in them can intelligize the divine transcendent Forms, not in the way of an intellection properly speaking, which is specific to Intellects, which intelligize the Forms all at once (ἀθρόως), but in the way of an intellection which Proclus calls „metabatic” (μεταβατικός, μεταβατική), that is „transitive”, to mean that the intellect passes from one Form to another. What differentiates the metabatic intellection of human souls from that of the divine and of the daemonic souls is the fact that in the case of the former ones the intellection is not continuous, but occurs only occasionally (ποτέ), when the intellect in us acts together with the Particular Intellect, which is established directly above our essential nature.
Corporate financialization matters trade credit financing: Evidence from China’s non-financial listed companies
Authors: Huang Xiaohua , Nie Benhuan , Huang Zhehao
Published: November 2024

This study empirically examines the influence of corporate financialization on trade credit financing, focusing on non-financial companies listed in China's A-share market from 2010 to 2022. The results indicate that as corporate financialization increases, companies will obtain less trade credit financing. Further incorporating moderating factors like market position and financing constraints, we find that a higher market position effectively mitigates the negative impact of corporate financialization on trade credit financing, whereas higher financing constraints exacerbate the adverse effects of corporate financialization on trade credit financing. Additional analysis shows that corporate financialization negatively affects trade credit financing by crowding out main business performance and increasing operational risks. Moreover, corporate financialization more strongly inhibits trade credit financing in state-owned companies.
TÜRK HUKUKUNDA ANLAŞMALI BOŞANMA (TMK m. 166/III)
Authors: Doğan Burak
Published: November 2024

Eşlerin serbest iradeleri ile evliliklerinin sona erdirebilmelerine imkân tanıyan anlaşmalı boşanma, genel ve mutlak bir boşanma sebebi olup, bu nedenle açılan dava çekişmesiz yargı işi niteliğindedir. Anlaşmalı boşanmanın gerçekleşebilmesi evlilik en az bir yıl sürmüş olmalıdır. Ayrıca, eşler mahkemeye birlikte başvurmalı veya bir eşin açtığı davayı diğer eş kabul etmelidir. Hâkim, eşlerin serbest iradelerini tespit edebilmek için mutlaka eşleri dinlemek zorundadır. Eşler boşanma konusunda anlaşmalıdırlar. Boşanma anlaşmasının hukuki niteliği, kendine özgü yapısı olan aile hukuku sözleşmesidir. Boşanma anlaşmasının zorunlu içeriğini oluşturan, boşanmanın mali sonuçları ibaresinden nafaka ve tazminata, çocukların durumu ibaresinden ise velayet ve çocukla kişisel ilişki kurulmasına ilişkin düzenlemeler anlaşılır. Son olarak, hâkim boşanma anlaşmasını uygun bulmalıdır. Hâkim anlaşmada eşlerin ya da çocukların yararına değişiklik yapabilir. Anlaşmalı boşanmanın gerçekleşebilmesi için söz konusu değişikliklerin eşler tarafından kabul edilmesi gerekir.
YÜRÜTME KUVVETİNİN KURAMSAL TEMELLERİ
Authors: Kaya Semih
Published: November 2024

Kuvvetler ayrılığı, kökleri ve gelişimi çok öncesine dayansa da
anayasacılığın temel ilkelerinden birisidir. Buna göre devlet kudreti
yasama, yürütme ve yargı olmak üzere üç ayrı erke bölünmelidir. Bu
şekildeki iktidar paylaşımı demokratik bir devletin garanti edici özel-
liğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ne var ki günümüzde gelinen aşamada yü-
rütme kuvvetinin söz konusu kuvvetler arasında ön plana çıktığını,
politika yapma sürecini yönetme ve hukuk yapımı da olmak üzere
demokrasinin bir gereği olarak yasama kuvvetinde tecelli etmesi ge-
reken nitelikleri bünyesine kattığını görmekteyiz. Elbette yürütmenin
bu şekildeki yetki genişlemesinde pek çok etken söz konusu edilebilir.
Ancak burada bizim araştırdığımız temel husus, yürütmenin doğası ve
anlamı bakımından bu yetki genişlemesine eğilim gösterip gösterme-
diğidir. Ulaştığımız netice ise yürütme kuvvetinin tabiatı gereği ikti-
darı elinde bulundurmaya, tek elde toplanmaya ve yetkisini genişlet-
meye olan istekliliğidir.
English vocabulary mastery of electrical engineering students at the State Polytechnic of Samarinda, Indonesia
Authors: Abdurrahim Abdurrahim , Gunarto Handri
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the English vocabulary mastery of Electrical Engineering students at the State Polytechnic of Samarinda. A descriptive research method was employed, focusing on assessing students' vocabulary knowledge through a standardized vocabulary test administered to 40 respondents. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics to determine the overall proficiency levels. The results indicated that the students’ mastery of English vocabulary was generally satisfactory, with most students achieving good scores. The study also identified several factors contributing to this achievement, including the students' interest in learning English, their active participation in classroom exercises, the effectiveness of the teaching methods used by lecturers, and the availability of supportive educational facilities, such as a language laboratory. These findings suggest that while the current level of vocabulary mastery is adequate, continued emphasis on these supporting factors could further enhance students' language proficiency, ultimately improving their academic and professional prospects.
Addressing Gender Inequality in Sports Participation: A Comparative Analysis of Canada and Spain's Approaches
Authors: Rose Matthew
Published: November 2024

Worldwide, sport participation rates among women lag those of their male counterparts. This Comment analyzes the differing approaches taken by Canada and Spain to addressing gender inequality in sport participation in their respective countries. This Comment then evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of Canada and Spain’s approaches. By comparing both approaches, this Comment concludes that Spain’s approach is better suited to addressing gender inequality in sport participation. Subsequently, this Comment proposes a framework, styled after Spain’s approach, for Canada to adopt to promote gender equality in sport participation. This Comment considers the constitutionality of its proposed framework and, deeming it legally permissible in Canada, concludes with a recommendation for Canada to adopt it.
Correlação e análise de trilha em caracteres de trigo
Authors: Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Neu Ismael Mario Márcio , Silveira Daniela Lixinski , Bubans Valéria Escaio , Costa Samanta Luiza da
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se há relações lineares entre caracteres de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.), obtidos por meio de medição, contagem e pesagem. Em 17 ensaios de uniformidade, foram colhidas, aleatoriamente, 630, 630, 100, 100 e 330 plantas de trigo das cultivares TBIO Energia I, TBIO Energia II, TBIO Sossego, TBIO Toruk e TBIO Audaz, respectivamente. Nessas 1790 plantas foram avaliados caracteres por meio de medição: comprimentos do colmo principal e da espiga do colmo principal; contagem: números de folhas, colmos e espigas; e pesagem: matérias fresca e seca de folhas, colmos, espigas e parte aérea. Foi investigada a relação entre esses 13 caracteres por meio de análises de correlação e de trilha. Há relações lineares entre caracteres de trigo, obtidos por meio de medição, contagem e pesagem. O número de espigas por planta tem relação linear positiva com a quantidade de matérias fresca e seca de parte aérea. A não necessidade de destruir as plantas para contar as espigas possibilita selecionar plantas visando o aumento da quantidade de matérias fresca e seca de parte aérea, mantendo-as a campo.
Structural optimization of PNIPAM-derived thermoresponsive polymers: a computational approach employing artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms
Authors: Silveira Kelly Cristine da , Hille Tony , Gago Matheus Moraes , Teixeira Josiele da Silva , Leite Guilherme Anunciação , Gois Jonathan Nogueira , Silva Neto Antônio José da
Published: November 2024

In this study, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs) are employed together to design optimized polymeric structures with superior cloud points. The database from a previous study of polymer synthesis with thermoresponsive polymers was used to create ANN-based models, which enabled the formulation and solution of the inverse problem using the GA. The regressors, with an average RMSE of less than 0.7 ºC, were used in the polymer evolution process over 20 generations. Mutation and selection operations led to the creation of 10 novel hybrid macromolecules with an average cloud point of 80 ºC. Furthermore, the special roles of some chemical groups are recognized and favor the structural mapping of PNIPAM-based materials. The computational approach presented here demonstrates that it is a promising tool in the development of new materials.
Numerical study and geometrical investigation of the position of alternated fins mounted in channels subjected to forced convective flows
Authors: Lopes Eliézer Lavall , Santos Andrei Luis Garcia , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira , Isoldi Liércio André , Santos Elizaldo Domingues dos
Published: November 2024

The present numerical study aims to investigate the geometry of an arrangement of isothermal rectangular fins, mounted in alternating form in the lower and upper surfaces of microchannels, subjected to laminar, incompressible, and forced convective flows in a two-dimensional domain. The main purpose is maximizing the efficiency and the heat transfer rate among the fins and the fresh flow in the channel, and minimizing the pressure drop in the finned channel. It is investigated here one degree of freedom (L1/L) that represents the distance between the first and second fins of the arrangement. The remaining degrees of freedom are kept constant (L2/L and L3/L). All numerical simulations were performed considering air as a working fluid for Reynolds and Prandtl numbers of ReH = 100 and Pr = 0.71. The best thermal performance of the arrangement was achieved for the extreme ratios of L1/L, i.e., when the second fin was mounted near the first or third fins. A small advantage is noticed for the lowest magnitude of L1/L in comparison with the other extreme position. The difference between the best and worst thermal performance, measured by the heat transfer rate, was nearly 23%. For the pressure drop, an intermediate ratio L1/L = 0.4 was conducted to get the best fluid dynamic performance.
Analysis of the influence of bathymetry on regular representative and realistic irregular waves generated through the WaveMIMO methodology
Authors: Mocellin Ana Paula Giussani , Paiva Maycon da Silveira , Koch Augusto Hack da Silva , Oleinik Phelype Haron , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira , Santos Elizaldo Domingues dos , Isoldi Liércio André , Ziebell Juliana Sartori , Machado Bianca Neves
Published: November 2024

Due to the exponential growth in energy consumption and the possibility of using the energy contained in sea waves, the present study analyzes the influence of wave channel bathymetry on the propagation of representative regular and realistic irregular waves that describe the sea state occurring on the coast of Tramandaí city, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The numerical simulations carried out in this study used the Computational Fluid Dynamics software ANSYS Fluent, based on the Finite Volume Method. The treatment of the water-air interface was performed with the Volume of Fluid multiphase model. To generate irregular waves, the WaveMIMO methodology was applied, which enables the numerical simulation of sea states with realistic characteristics. Therefore, in this paper, data from the TOMAWAC spectral model was processed, aiming to obtain orbital velocity profiles of wave propagation and their subsequent imposition as boundary conditions in the wave channel simulated in Fluent. The generation of representative regular waves and realistic irregular waves was analyzed, considering the wave channel with a horizontal bottom and applying bathymetry. Analysis of the results indicates that the use of bathymetry allows a slight improvement in the accuracy of numerical simulations of wave generation.
A territorialização das políticas públicas como agentes mitigadores dos efeitos gerados pelas secas no semiárido paraibano
Authors: Gurjão Joel Fernandes , Lima Valéria Raquel Porto de
Published: November 2024

O semiárido brasileiro é uma região historicamente marcada por desigualdades sociais e econômicas, na qual a escassez de água é um dos principais desafios enfrentados pela população. Nesse contexto, as políticas públicas são ferramentas para enfrentar os desafios e promover o desenvolvimento na região. Neste sentido, o objetivo da pesquisa foi Territorializar as políticas públicas responsáveis por mitigar os efeitos da seca no semiárido paraibano, trazendo como estudos de caso o município de Gurjão-PB. Para tal, a pesquisa exploratória de campo e entrevistas com as famílias residentes dessas áreas rurais foram fundamentais para alcançar os resultados. Os resultados apontaram para necessidade da adoção de medidas de adaptação e gestão, mais incisivas eficazes dos recursos hídricos, por parte das comunidades rurais e do poder público, já que elas ainda apresentam algumas lacunas, principalmente no que diz respeito à sua implementação e efetividade. Por outro lado, observam-se políticas que caminham para minimizar a condição emergencial da seca, de modo que se consubstancie em um avanço para o semiárido e o próprio município, corroborando para a liberdade circunstancial dessa população.
Adaptation Gap Report 2024: Come hell and high water - As fires and floods hit the poor hardest, it is time for the world to step up adaptation actions
Authors:   United Nations Environment Programme, Bueno Rubial Maria del Pilar , Magnan Alexandre , Christiansen Lars , Neufeldt Henry , Hammill Anne , Niles Keron , Dale Thomas , Leiter Timo , Njuguna Lucy , Singh Chandni , Bours Dennis , Butera Blanche , Canales Nella , Chapagain Dipesh , England Kit , Pauw Pieter , Watkiss Paul , Harvey Blane , Charlery Lindy , Cundill-Kemp Georgina , Traerup Sara , Sankam Joshitha
Published: November 2024

The Adaptation Gap Report (AGR) series contributes to addressing these questions by annually assessing progress on adaptation and informing key processes, notably under the UNFCCC. In line with this, the AGR 2024 continues to assess information on planning, implementation and finance (chapters 2, 3 and 4, respectively), to explore whether countries are collectively on track to adapt to the global challenge of climate change. The AGR 2024 extends its assessments in important ways compared with the previous AGRs. First, it includes a topical chapter to discuss the central issue of ‘means of implementation’ other than finance itself, namely capacity-building and technology transfer (see section 1.2 and chapter 5). Second, it further considers underlying causes and processes behind the numbers, as well as a more downscaled analysis of subnational adaptation action (sporadically using the example of cities).
Effects of Core-Shell Radii Ratios on Confinement Energy and Optoelectronic Properties of Spherical CdSe-ZnS Quantum Dots
Authors: Udoisoh M. G. , Harry S.T.
Published: November 2024

Spherical CdSe-ZnS quantum dots are promising materials for optoelectronic applications. This study explores the impact of varying core-shell radii ratios on the confinement energy and optoelectronic properties of these quantum dots, utilizing the Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation to model these effects. Simulations were conducted for core-to-shell ratios from 1.5:1 to 4:1, revealing that higher ratios – achieved by reducing core radii or expanding shell radii – significantly enhance quantum confinement, with electron confinement energy observed to increase from 0.1 eV to 2.2 eV across the range of ratios. Transition energy calculations indicate well-aligned electron and hole energy gaps, which lead to increased oscillator strengths, thereby optimizing optical properties. These results provide valuable insights into the design of quantum dot structures tailored for improved performance in LEDs, photovoltaic cells, and other optoelectronic applications.