bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying syringeal dynamicsin vitrousing electroglottography
Authors: Rasmussen Jeppe H. , Herbst Christian T. , Elemans Coen P. H.
Published: June 2018

The complex and elaborate vocalizations uttered by many of the 10,000 extant bird species are considered a major driver in their evolutionary success, warranting study of the underlying mechanisms of vocal production. Additionally, birdsong has developed into a highly productive model system for vocal imitation learning and motor control, where, in contrast to humans, we have experimental access to the entire neuromechanical control loop. In human voice production, complex laryngeal geometry, vocal fold tissue properties, airflow and laryngeal musculature all interact to ultimately control vocal fold kinematics. Quantifying vocal fold kinematics is thus critical to understanding neuromechanical control of voiced sound production, but in vivo imaging of vocal fold kinematics in birds is experimentally challenging. Here we adapted and tested electroglottography (EGG) as a novel tool for examining vocal fold kinematics in the avian vocal organ, the syrinx. We furthermore imaged and quantified syringeal kinematics in the pigeon (Columba livia) syrinx with unprecedented detail. Our results show that EGG signals predict 1) the relative amount of contact between the avian equivalent of vocal folds and 2) essential parameters describing vibratory kinematics, such as fundamental frequency, and timing of syringeal opening and closing events. As such EGG provides novel opportunities for measuring syringeal vibratory kinematic parameters in vivo. Furthermore, the opportunity for imaging syringeal vibratory kinematics from multiple planar views (horizontal and coronal) simultaneously promotes birds as an excellent model system for studying kinematics and control of voiced sound production in general, including humans and other mammals.
Shifts in space and time: ecological transitions affect the evolution of resting metabolic rates in microteiid lizards
Authors: Bars-Closel Melissa , Camacho Agustín , Kohlsdorf Tiana
Published: June 2018

Ecological diversification often encompasses exposure to new thermal regimes given by the use of specific spatial (microhabitat) and temporal (activity periods) niches. Empirical evidence provides links between temperature and physiology (e.g. rates of oxygen consumption), fostering predictions of evolutionary changes in metabolic rates coupled with ecological shifts. One example of such correspondence is the evolution of fossoriality and nocturnality in vertebrate ectotherms, where changes in metabolic rates coupled with niche transitions are expected. Because most studies address single transitions (fossoriality or nocturnality), metabolic changes associated with concomitant shifts in spatial and temporal components of habitat usage are underestimated, and it remains unclear which transition plays a major role for metabolic evolution. Integrating multiple ecological aspects that affect the evolution of thermosensitive traits is essential for a proper understanding of physiological correlates in niche transitions. Here we provide the first phylogenetic multidimensional description of effects from ecological niche transitions both in space (origin of fossorial lineages) and time (origin of nocturnal lineages) on the evolution of lizard metabolic rates (Gymnophthalmidae). We found that evolution of resting metabolic rates was affected by both niche transitions, but with opposite trends. Evolution of fossoriality in endemic diurnal microteiids is coupled with a less thermally-sensitive metabolism and higher metabolic rates. In contrast, a reduction in metabolic rates was detected in the endemic fossorial-nocturnal lineage, although metabolic thermal sensitivity remained as high as that observed in epigeal species, a pattern that likely reduces locomotion costs at lower temperatures and also favors thermoregulation in subsuperficial sand layers.
Real Exchange Rates and Sectoral Productivity in the Eurozone
Authors: Berka Martin , Devereux Michael B. , Engel Charles
Published: June 2018

We investigate the link between real exchange rates and sectoral TFP for eurozone countries. We show that real exchange rate variation, both cross-country and time-series, closely accords with an amended Balassa-Samuelson interpretation, incorporating sectoral productivity shocks and a labor market wedge. We construct a DSGE model to generate a cross section and time series of real exchange rates to compare to data. Estimates from simulated regressions are very similar to estimates for eurozone data. Our findings contrast with previous studies that have found little relationship between productivity and real exchange rates among high-income countries that have floating nominal exchange rates. (JEL E12, E23, E24, F31, F33, F43)
Legal Origins and Female HIV
Authors: Anderson Siwan
Published: June 2018

More than one-half of all people living with HIV are women and 80 percent of all HIV-positive women in the world live in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper demonstrates that the legal origins of these formerly colonized countries significantly determine current-day female HIV rates. In particular, female HIV rates are significantly higher in common law sub-Saharan African countries compared to civil law ones. This paper explains this relationship by focusing on differences in female property rights under the two codes of law. In sub-Saharan Africa, common law is associated with weaker female marital property laws. As a result, women in these common law countries have lower bargaining power within the household and are less able to negotiate safe sex practices and are thus more vulnerable to HIV, compared to their civil law counterparts. Exploiting the fact that some ethnic groups in sub-Saharan Africa cross country borders with different legal systems, we are able to include ethnicity fixed effects into a regression discontinuity approach. This allows us to control for a large set of cultural, geographical, and environmental factors that could be confounding the estimates. The results of this paper are consistent with gender inequality (the “feminization” of AIDS), explaining much of its prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. (JEL I12, J15, J16, K11, K15, O15, O17)
MONITORING RECYCLED WATER INJECTION INTO A CONFINED AQUIFER IN SINDOS (THESSALONIKI) USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY (ERT): INSTALLATION AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: Tsourlos P. , Vargemezis G. , Voudouris C. , Spachos T. , Stampolidis A.
Published: June 2018

This work describes the installation and preliminary measurements of an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) system to monitor the injection of recycled water into a confined aquifer in the area of Sindos. The aim is to provide, through time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements and processing, geoelectrical images of rather increased volumetric sampling around and between the holes and to obtain improved understanding of the flow and transport of the injected water. The details about the general setting and the design of the injection utility are presented and the construction and installation of the ERT cables into the boreholes are explained in full. Preliminary measurements involving single-hole ERT measurements were obtained and processed with a 2D inversion algorithm to produce images of the subsurface. Results depict a very good correlation between ERT images and the lithology logs an indication of the reliability of the approach. This images offer increased resolution and spatial coverage compared to traditional approaches. The entire ERT permanent installation is of low cost, easy to implement and can be used to understand and evaluate the effects of the water injection process.
SEDIMENT YIELD ESTIMATES IN NORTH-WESTERN GREECE AND ANALYSES WITH HYDROLOGIC AND GEOMORPHOLOGIC FACTORS
Authors: Zarris D. , Lykoudi E. , Panagoulia D.
Published: June 2018

Erosion and sediment yield form a crucial issue within the integrated water resources management context; however are often neglected during the design of major water systems. Sediment yields in 11 river catchments in North-Western Greece are computed with the application of the mean daily discharges to the sediment discharge rating curves and compared to the earlier estimates published by other researchers. For these catchments a number of hydrologie and géomorphologie parameters have been computed using advanced mapping methodologies. An attempt is made to correlate the suspended sediment estimates mainly with géomorphologic parameters, that rarely has been carried out in the international literature.
GEOCHEMISTRY OF ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS FROM THE ULTRAHIGH-PRESSURE METAMORPHIC KIMI COMPLEX IN EAST RHODOPE (NE. GREECE)
Authors: Baziotis I. , Mposkos E. , Palikari S. , Perraki M.
Published: June 2018

In the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic Kimi Complex garnet-spinel metaperidotites with layers of clinopyroxenites occur. A detailed geochemical investigation using major-trace element relations and major-element modelling indicates that the peridotites represent mantle residues originated after variable melt extraction, along an adiabatic path starting from high- to ultrahigh-pressures. The clinopyroxenites represent HP clinopyroxene-rich cumulates probably formed within the garnet and/or Cr-spinel peridotite stability field.
LAYER CHARGE AND CHARGE DISTRIBUTION OF SMECTITES: A PARAMETER WHICH CONTROLS IMPORTANT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BENTONITES
Authors: Christidis G. E.
Published: June 2018

The new method of Christidis and E beri (2003), which determines the layer charge and charge distribution of dioctahedral smectites in bentonites is presented and is compared to the existing methods for determination of layer charge and charge distribution, namely the structural formula method and the alkylammonium method. The new method is based on the comparison ofXRD traces of K-saturated, ethyleneglycol solvated smectites with simulated XRD-traces calculated for three-component interlayering. Applications of the method include modeling of the evolution of smectite layers towards illite during diagenesis, and study of the influence of layer charge and charge distribution of smectites on important physical properties of bentonites such as rheological properties (viscosity, gel strength, yield point and thixotropy) and swelling. Smectites with layer charge between -0.425 and-0.47 to - 0.48 equivalents phfu affect rheological properties in a different way compared to smectites with higher or lower layer charge than this layer charge interval. Based on these observations a new classification scheme for smectites has been proposed according to their layer charge. In this classification scheme the term smectites with intermediate layer charge has been introduced.
LASER μ-RAMAN INVESTIGATION OF GREEK BAUXITES FROM THE PARNASSOS-GHIONA ACTIVE MINING AREA
Authors: Gamaletsos P. , Godelitsas A. , Chatzitheodoridis E. , Kostopoulos D.
Published: June 2018

Bauxite samples collected with permission from currently active mining areas in the Parnassos-Ghiona Mts district were studied using both conventional (optical microscopy and powder XRD) and, for the first time in the literature, micro-scale advanced non-destructive spectroscopic techniques, in particular Laser μ-Raman. The results showed that the different bauxite types (diasporic or boehmitic) can easily be identified regardless of sample type (porous white-grey or massive redbrown) by recording spectra in the low-wavenumber region (250 cm' - 600 cm' ) where distinct bands of the natural AlOOHpolymorphs are easily discernible (448 cm' for diaspore and 362 cm' for boehmite). The method described herein could equally be applied in the laboratory as well as in-situ at the mines for quick and accurate phase determination, in order to bypass the laborious and time-consuming indirect bulk techniques (such as XRD) routinely used to this date.
REPLACEMENT OF Ti02 PIGMENT BY CaC03 FROM CEFALONIA IN EMULSION PAINTS
Authors: Kalafati K. , Christidis G. E.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this work is to show that calcium carbonate from the chalky limestone deposits of Minies in Kefalonia, exploited by IONIAN KALK S.A., is a suitable raw material for paint industry and especially in emulsion (water based) paints. The deposit is characterized by a high calcium carbonate content (>99 %), high whiteness and low yellowness, by negligible content of heavy metals and low contents of MgO (<0.15 %), Si02 (<0.05 %) andFe203 (<0.01 %). This research was based on determination of the optical and mechanical properties of the emulsion white water based paints, which included calcium carbonate from the Kefalonia limestone deposits. The calcium carbonate replaced Ti02 pigment in various proportions. It is concluded that this product can be utilized not only as inert filler and extender but may have more functional application acting simultaneously as pigment. Replacement of TiO2 pigment by calcium carbonate may reach 50% without deteriorating the optical and mechanical properties significantly. Hence calcium carbonate from this deposit offers excellent optical properties to paints, reduces sufficiently their production cost and replaces a great part of the proportion of titanium dioxide, which is currently used as white pigment.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE COLEMANITE-RICH TUFF LAYER FROM THE SOURIDES AREA, KARLOVASSI BASIN, SAMOS ISLAND, HELLAS
Authors: Kantiranis N. , Filippidis A. , Stamatakis M. , Tzamos E. , Drakoulis A.
Published: June 2018

Representative 3 kg sample of a colemanite-bearing tuffaceous layer from Sourides village of Samos Island have been investigated for its mineralogical and chemical composition using Light Microscopy, X-Ray Powder Diffraction and Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy methods. The studied sample contains 68 wt. % colemanite, consisting of 31.1 wt. % B203 and 28.4 wt. % CaO. The mineralogical and chemical composition of the sample, after calcination could produce a concentrate containing 43-44 wt. % B203, fulfill at least one of the commercial specifications for the calcined colemanite concentrates.
THE HYDROMAGNESITE DEPOSITS OF THE ATLIN AREA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA, AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL AS A FIRE RETARDANT
Authors: Stamatakis M. G. , Renaut R. W. , Kostakis K. , Tsivilis S. , Stamatakis G. , Kakali G.
Published: June 2018

This research examines the potential of the hydromagnesite deposits at Atlin in British Columbia, Canada, for the mineral fire-retardant market. Mineral fire retardants, such as Mg- and Ca/Mg-carbonates, are environmentally friendly, producing non-toxic and non-corrosive gases during their thermal decomposition. During this research, 70 sediment samples and two bulk samples were collected from the study area and analysed. The results showed that the Atlin deposits are composed mostly of hydromagnesite with minor amounts of very fine-grained, soft and platy magnesite. The general conclusion is that the mineralogical composition of the samples, their behavior during thermal decomposition, and their chemical and physical properties, make them suitable for use as white fillers for flame-retardants. Additionally, the whiteness of the samples is sufficient and comparable to other commercial hydromagnesite-bearing rocks. The Atlin reserves of the hydromagnesite ore bodies were overestimated in past literature as 110,000 tons. A more precise calculation of the reserves during a technoeconomic assessment is required.
Reversal learning paradigm reveals deficits in cognitive flexibility in the Fmr1 knockout male mouse
Authors: Nolan Suzanne O. , Lugo Joaquin N.
Published: June 2018

Background: Loss of FMR1 is associated with Fragile X syndrome, amongst the most prevalent inherited intellectual disability. Despite extensive research in this area, previous studies have failed to detect consistent evidence of cognitive impairments in the Morris water maze (MWM) task in the Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse. However, few studies have examined cognitive flexibility in a reversal form of the MWM task, which may illuminate subtle learning deficits.

Methods: Adult male Fmr1 wildtype (WT) and KO mice were bred and tested in the MWM reversal paradigm. The testing paradigm consisted of two blocks per day, with 4 trials per block to locate a hidden platform. After the last trials on the fourth day of testing, the animals were given a probe trial with the platform removed. The following week, the location of the platform was switched to the opposite quadrant and the animals received 2 more days of testing, with 4 blocks in total.

Results: As expected, Fmr1 KO mice did not display a learning deficit during the acquisition phase, Fgenotype (1, 24) = 0.034, p = 0.854, and performed similarly on the probe trial, Fgenotype (1, 23) = 0.024, p = 0.877. However, during the reversal phase of learning, Fmr1 KO mice showed deficits in their ability to learn the new location of the platform, Fgenotype (1, 23) = 3.93, p = 0.059. Further independent samples t-testing revealed that KO animals displayed significantly higher latency to reach the hidden platform during the third trial, t(23) = -2.96, p < 0.01.

Conclusions: While previous studies have not demonstrated deficits in spatial memory in the Fmr1 KO model, it is possible that the acquisition phase of the task is less sensitive to deficits in learning. Future studies using this model to evaluate therapeutic interventions should consider utilizing the MWM reversal paradigm.
THE DIAGNOSTICS OF CELL ENERGETIC DEFICIT IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY
Authors: Евсеева Галина , Evseeva Galina , Яковлев Евгений , Iakovlev Evgeniy , Лебедько Ольга , Lebedko Olga , Кузнецова Мария , Kuznetsova Mariya , Пичугина Сабина , Pichugina Sabina , Кудерова Наталья , Kuderova Natalia , Сирина Татьяна , Sirina Tat'yana , Варакина Валентина , Varakina Valentina , Козлов Владимир , Kozlov Vladimir
Published: June 2018

The aim of the research is to improve the diagnosis of disturbances of cell energy in children with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases (CNPD) in the remission stage by the methods of detection of cytochemical changes of the energy status and recording the percentage of immune-competent cells of blood with the low membrane potential of mitochondria (MPM). 77 children were examined, including 66 (83%) with lung malformations, and 11 children (17%) with chronic nonspecific lung diseases as an outcome of acute/chronic lung diseases. The presence of energy deficient states was assessed by the level of activity of oxidative-reduction enzymes of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase in lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and percent ratio of lymphocytes with low MPM. It was found out that in 53.2% of the examined children even in the remission stage there were identified the signs of mitochondrial insufficiency when the parameters of metabolic activity of enzymes in lymphocytes were significantly lower than the norm. The cluster analysis of the obtained data allowed identifying the parameters typical for energy deficient states of the organism of the child that demand the correction by energotropic medications.
PATHOMORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTIC OF BRONCHOPULMONARY SYSTEM IN THE DIED NEWBORNS WITH THE INBORN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Гориков Игорь , Gorikov Igor , Сомова Лариса , Somova Larisa , Андриевская Ирина , Andrievskaya Irina , Ишутина Наталия , Ishutina Nataliya , Дорофиенко Николай , Dorofienko Nikolay , Одиреев Андрей , Odireev Andrey
Published: June 2018

The aim of the research was to study a morphological structure of airway and respiratory parts of lungs in 36 full-term newborns who died at the 2-5th day of life. The main group included 16 died newborns with the inborn cytomegalovirus infection who were diagnosed with moderate to severe cerebral ischemia with hypertension-hydrocephalic syndrome, pseudocysts of the blood vessels plexus, subependymal and subarachnoid haemorrhages, monocytosis, vesiculitis, pneumonia, hepatitis and meningocephalitis against intrauterine hypoxia and chronic subcompensated placental insufficiency. The comparison group consisted of 20 newborns whose mothers during the gestation period did not have acute respiratory viral infections, moderate and severe somatic and obstetrical pathology. The cause of their death was a birth trauma, intranatal and postnatal hypoxia. Describing lungs the following morphologic features were emphasized: 1) the changes of the general composition of the organ; 2) the state of the lumen of the large, medial and small bronchi; 3) the reaction of the epithelial lining, conjunctive tissue and the blood channel of the bronchial tree and aero-hematic barrier. As a result of the studies it was found out that in the newborns of the main group in comparison with the children of the comparison group in the lumen of large bronchi there was a rare case of mucus, there were often found erythrocytes and desquamated epithelial cells. Only infected children were found to have leucocytes. More intensified were alterative processes in epithelial cells; there were often found cells of the bronchial epithelium without ciliary structures, desquamation of highly differential ciliary and goblet cells, cell elements with a small hyperchromic nucleus and light cytoplasm in the cambial layer, sharply expressed vascular congestion, proliferative changes in the bronchial epithelium as well as hydropic-hemorrhagic and aspiration syndromes. Pneumonia and signs of the virus metamorphosis were diagnosed only in the main group.
METHODICAL WORK ARRANGEMENT IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Шпакова Ольга , Shpakova Olga
Published: June 2018

This article presents the purpose, objectives and functions of the methodical department of the educational institution which implements the SPE programs
Sobre el origen del valor frecuentativo de saber + infinitivo
Authors: Zieliński Andrzej
Published: June 2018

On the Origin of the Frequentative Meaning of  The main purpose of this paper is to offer a new proposal about the origin of the frequentative meaning of the verbal periphrasis , different from Vázquez’s (1980) hypothesis of a loan-translation from Quechua, and from Lida de Malkiel’s (1948) interpretation of this as a cultism. Furthermore, the semantic trajectory that the auxiliary verb has followed will be traced.
Geografía literaria en el aula de ELE
Authors: Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco , Trigo Ibáñez Ester
Published: June 2018

Literary Geography in the SFL Classroom: An Approach to Cádiz of 1812 from the Literary Route of LibertiesThis paper is part of the research project entitled El legado de las Cortes de Cádiz en las aulas de Enseñanza Secundaria, which is being carried out by the Department of Didactics of Language and Literature of the University of Cádiz within this institution’s own research plan. Our didactic proposal is aimed at students of Spanish as a foreign language and has as its main goal the planning, development and diffusion of a virtual literary route based on the “literaturization” of the emblematic places of Cádiz in 1812, with Cádiz, one of the National Episodes by Benito Pérez Galdósas, as the creative stimulus. For textual creation, the project follows the reading and writing process proposed by Romero & Jiménez (2016).
Role of Intelligence Inputs in Defending Against Cyber Warfare and Cyberterrorism
Authors: Bagchi Aniruddha , Bandyopadhyay Tridib
Published: June 2018

This article examines the role of espionage in defending against cyber attacks on infrastructural firms. We analyze the problem using a game between a government, an infrastructural firm, and an attacker. If the attacker successfully breaches the IT security defenses of the infrastructural firm, primary losses accrue to that firm, while widespread collateral losses accrue to the rest of the economy. The government assists the infrastructural firm by providing intelligence inputs about an impending attack. We find that subject to some conditions, expenditure on intelligence adds value only when its amount exceeds a threshold level. Also, the nature of the equilibrium depends on the level of government expenditure in intelligence. We find that the optimal level of intelligence expenditure can change in seemingly unexpected ways in response to a shift in parameters. For example, reduced vulnerability of the infrastructural firm does not necessarily imply a reduction in intelligence-gathering effort. We also exhibit circumstances under which a system of centralized security in which the government regulates both intelligence gathering as well as the system inspection regime of the infrastructural firm may not always be desirable because of strategic interactions between the players.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/deca.2018.0370 .
Contracting in Medical Equipment Maintenance Services: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Chan Tian Heong , de Véricourt Francis , Besbes Omar
Published: June 2018

Maintenance service plans (MSPs) are contracts for the provision of maintenance by a service provider to an equipment operator. These plans can have different payment structures and risk allocations, which induce various types of incentives for agents in the service chain. How do such structures affect service performance and service chain value? We provide an empirical answer to this question by using unique panel data covering the sales and service records of more than 700 diagnostic body scanners. We exploit the presence of a standard warranty period and employ a matching approach to isolate the incentive effects of MSPs from the confounding effects of endogenous contract selection. We find that moving the equipment operator from a basic, pay-per-service plan to a fixed-fee, full-protection plan not only reduces reliability but also increases equipment service costs. Furthermore, that increase is driven by both the operator and the service provider. Our results indicate that incentive effects arising from MSPs leads to losses in service chain value, and we provide the first evidence that a basic pay-per-service plan—under which risk of equipment failure is borne by the operator—can improve performance and reduce costs.

This paper was accepted by Gad Allon, operations management.
Shared Mobility for Last-Mile Delivery: Design, Operational Prescriptions, and Environmental Impact
Authors: Qi Wei , Li Lefei , Liu Sheng , Shen Zuo-Jun Max
Published: June 2018

Two socioeconomic transformations, namely, the booms in the sharing economy and retail e-commerce, lead to the prospect where shared mobility of passenger cars prevails throughout urban areas for home delivery services. Logistics service providers as well as local governments are in need of evaluating the potentially substantial impacts of this mode shift, given their economic objectives and environmental concerns. This paper addresses this need by providing new logistics planning models and managerial insights. These models characterize open-loop car routes, car drivers’ wage-response behavior, interplay with the ride-share market, and optimal sizes of service zones within which passenger vehicles pick up goods and fulfill the last-mile delivery. Based on theoretical analysis and empirical estimates in a realistic setting, the findings suggest that crowdsourcing shared mobility is not as scalable as the conventional truck-only system in terms of the operating cost. However, a transition to this paradigm has the potential for creating economic benefits by reducing the truck fleet size and exploiting additional operational flexibilities (e.g., avoiding high-demand areas and peak hours, adjusting vehicle loading capacities, etc.). These insights are insignificantly affected by the dynamic adjustment of wages and prices of the ride-share market. If entering into this paradigm, greenhouse gas emissions may increase because of prolonged car trip distance; on the other hand, even exclusively minimizing operating costs incurs only slightly more emissions than exclusively minimizing emissions.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0683 .
The Tidal model in mental health practice: a person-centred approach
Authors: Ramage David , Ellis Steve , Marks-Maran Di
Published: June 2018

This article explores compassion-based mental health therapy through the use of the Tidal model. A literature review is presented on compassion-focused therapy in general and the Tidal model in particular, including a critical examination of evaluation studies that have been undertaken into the Tidal model. The article concludes with a case example of the Tidal model of mental health practiced for one resident in a independent mental health hospital in the north of England.
Sacroiliac luxation in small animals: treatment options
Authors: Fauron Albane HC , Déjardin Loic M
Published: June 2018

The term sacroiliac luxation-fracture (SIL/F) denotes traumatic separation of the ilial wing from the sacrum. This injury typically results from a traumatic event (most commonly a road traffic accident) and consequently is often seen with concomitant pelvic and/or other orthopaedic injuries. When indicated, the method of choice for SIL/F repair is lag screw fixation, which can be achieved via open reduction and internal fixation or minimally invasive osteosynthesis. The prognosis is in part affected by proper orientation of the iliosacral screw and adequate screw purchase into the sacral body. While conservative management may yield good outcomes, pain associated with nerve damage as well as chronic instability of the SIL, along with concomitant orthopedic and soft tissue injuries, should be thoroughly considered when choosing this option.
Dental extraction techniques in dogs and cats
Authors: Oxford Matthew
Published: June 2018

Dental extractions are commonly performed in general veterinary practice for a variety of reasons. Owing to a lack of education in veterinary dentistry, veterinary surgeons often struggle with a consistently successful approach to tooth extraction. Without such education the occurrence of complications associated with tooth extraction will increase, including root fracture, jaw fracture and the formation of oronasal communications. A consistent approach, using a few well-practiced techniques, will allow for fewer complications and less frustration. This article aims to cover some of those basic techniques.
Heterotopic ossification following total elbow arthroplasty
Authors: Robinson P. M. , MacInnes S. J. , Stanley D. , Ali A. A.
Published: June 2018

Aim

The primary aim of this retrospective study was to identify the incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO) following elective and trauma elbow arthroplasty. The secondary aim was to determine clinical outcomes with respect to the formation of heterotopic ossification.

Patients and Methods

A total of 55 total elbow arthroplasties (TEAs) (52 patients) performed between June 2007 and December 2015 were eligible for inclusion in the study (29 TEAs for primary elective arthroplasty and 26 TEAs for trauma). At review, 15 patients (17 total elbow arthroplasties) had died from unrelated causes. There were 14 men and 38 women with a mean age of 70 years (42 to 90). The median clinical follow-up was 3.6 years (1.2 to 6) and the median radiological follow-up was 3.1 years (0.5 to 7.5).

Results

The overall incidence of HO was 84% (46/55). This was higher in the trauma group (96%, 25/26) compared with the elective arthroplasty group (72%, 21/29) (p = 0.027, Fisher’s exact test). Patients in the trauma group had HO of higher Brooker class. The presence of HO did not significantly affect elbow range of movement within the trauma or elective groups (elective arthroplasty, Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.070; trauma arthroplasty, p = 0.370, Mann–Whitney U test).

Conclusion

HO after total elbow arthroplasty is seen more commonly than previously reported. We have reported a significantly higher rate of HO in TEAs performed for trauma than those performed electively. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:767–71.
En bloc resection of pelvic sarcomas with sacral invasion
Authors: Zhang Y. , Guo W. , Tang X. , Yang R. , Ji T. , Yang Y. , Wang Y. , Wei R.
Published: June 2018

Aims

The sacrum is frequently invaded by a pelvic tumour. The aim of this study was to review our experience of treating this group of patients and to identify the feasibility of a new surgical classification in the management of these tumours.

Patients and Methods

We reviewed 141 patients who, between 2005 and 2014, had undergone surgical excision of a pelvic tumour with invasion of the sacrum. In a new classification, pelvisacral (Ps) I, II, and III resections refer to a sagittal osteotomy through the ipsilateral wing of the sacrum, through the sacral midline, or lateral to the contralateral sacral foramina, respectively. A Ps a resection describes a pelvic osteotomy through the ilium and a Ps b resection describes a concurrent resection of the acetabulum with osteotomies performed through the pubis and ischium or the pubic symphysis. Within each type, surgical approaches were standardized to guide resection of the tumour.

Results

The mean operating time was 5.2 hours (sd 1.7) and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 1895 ml (sd 1070). Adequate margins were achieved in 112 (79.4%) of 141 patients. Nonetheless, 30 patients (21.3%) had local recurrence. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS93) lower-limb function score was 68% (sd 19; 17 to 100). According to the proposed classification, 92 patients (65%) underwent a Ps I resection, 33 patients (23%) a Ps II resection, and 16 (11%) patients a Ps III resection. Overall, 82 (58%) patients underwent a Ps a resection and 59 (42%) patient a Ps b resections. The new classification predicted surgical outcome.

Conclusion

We propose a comprehensive classification of surgical approaches for tumours of the pelvis with sacral invasion. Analysis showed that this classification helped in the surgical management of such patients and had predictive value for surgical outcomes. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:798–805.
Changes in femoral trochlear morphology following surgical correction of recurrent patellar dislocation associated with trochlear dysplasia in children
Authors: Fu K. , Duan G. , Liu C. , Niu J. , Wang F.
Published: June 2018

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in femoral trochlear morphology following surgical correction of recurrent patellar dislocation associated with trochlear dysplasia in children.

Patients and Methods

A total of 23 patients with a mean age of 9.6 years (7 to 11) were included All had bilateral recurrent patellar dislocation associated with femoral trochlear dysplasia. The knee with traumatic dislocation at the time of presentation or that had dislocated most frequently was treated with medial patellar retinacular plasty (Group S). The contralateral knee served as a control and was treated conservatively (Group C). All patients were treated between October 2008 and August 2013. The mean follow-up was 48.7 months (43 to 56). Axial CT scans were undertaken in all patients to assess the trochlear morphological characteristics on a particular axial image which was established at the point with the greatest epicondylar width based on measurements preoperatively and at the final follow-up.

Results

Preoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences between the trochlear morphology in the two groups (sulcus angle, p 0.852; trochlear groove depth, p 0.885; lateral trochlear inclination, p 0.676; lateral-to-medial facet ratio, p 0.468; lateral condylar height, p 0.899; medial condylar height, p 0.816). Many radiological parameters of trochlear morphology were significantly different between the two groups at the final follow-up, including well-known parameters, such as the mean sulcus angle (Group S, 146.27° (sd 7.18); Group C, 160.61° (sd 9.29); p < 0.001), the mean trochlear groove depth (Group S, 6.25 mm (sd 0.41); Group C, 3.48 mm (sd 0.65); p < 0.001) and the mean lateral trochlear inclination (Group S, 20.99° (sd 3.87); Group C, 12.18° (sd 1.85); p < 0.001). Lesser known parameters such as the ratio of the lateral to medial trochlear length (Group S, 1.46 (sd 0.19); Group C, 2.14 (sd 0.42); p < 0.001), which is a measurement of facet asymmetry, and the lateral and medial condylar height were also significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The femoral trochlear morphology can be improved by early (before epiphyseal closure) surgical correction in children with recurrent patellar dislocation associated with femoral trochlear dysplasia. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:811–21.
Outcomes of growing rod surgery for severe compared with moderate early-onset scoliosis
Authors: Helenius I. J. , Oksanen H. M. , McClung A. , Pawelek J. B. , Yazici M. , Sponseller P. D. , Emans J. B. , Sánchez Pérez-Grueso F. J. , Thompson G. H. , Johnston C. , Shah S. A. , Akbarnia B. A.
Published: June 2018

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of surgery using growing rods in patients with severe versus moderate early-onset scoliosis (EOS).

Patients and Methods

A review of a multicentre EOS database identified 107 children with severe EOS (major curve ≥ 90°) treated with growing rods before the age of ten years with a minimum follow-up of two years and three or more lengthening procedures. From the same database, 107 matched controls with moderate EOS were identified.

Results

The mean preoperative major curve was 101° (90 to 139) in the severe group and 67° (33° to 88°) in the moderate group (p < 0.001), which was corrected at final follow-up to 57° (10° to 96°) in the severe group and 40° (3° to 85°) in the moderate group (p < 0.001). T1-S1 height increased by a mean of 54 mm (-8 to 131) in the severe group and 27 mm (-4 to 131) in the moderate group at the initial surgery (p < 0.001), and by 50 mm (-17 to 200) and 54 mm (-11 to 212), respectively, during distraction (p = 0.84). The mean number of complications per patient was 2.6 (0 to 14) in the severe group and 1.9 (0 to 10) in the moderate group (p = 0.040). Five patients (4.7%) in the severe group and three (2.8%) in the moderate group developed a neurological deficit postoperatively (p = 0.47).

Conclusion

Severe EOS can be treated effectively using growing rods, but the risk of complications is high. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:772–9.
A OBSOLESCÊNCIA DO CAPITAL HUMANO NAS EMPRESAS DE TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO NA ASSOCIAÇÃO INTERNETSUL
Authors: BORTOLUZZI FERNANDA ROCHA , GENARI DENISE , MACKE JANAINA
Published: June 2018

O capital humano contempla o conjunto de habilidades, capacidades e conhecimentos de cada trabalhador, caracterizando-se como um importante elemento para fomentar a capacidade de inovação e a criação de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis, principalmente nas organizações intensivas em conhecimento, tais como as empresas que atuam na área de tecnologia da informação. Neste sentido, as corporações necessitam monitorar constantemente seus estoques reais de capital humano, avaliando, inclusive, a sua obsolescência. A partir destas perspectivas, o presente estudo objetiva caracterizar a obsolescência e os aspectos vinculados à aquisição do capital humano no contexto das empresas de tecnologia de informação. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo nas empresas vinculadas à Associação dos Provedores de Serviços e Informações da Internet (INTERNETSUL). Como principais resultados, identificou-se que os profissionais com formação em nível técnico e superior afirmam apresentar menores níveis de obsolescência do capital humano. Além disso, como formas predominantes de reduzir a depreciação de competências, destacaram-se o ensino superior e os cursos específicos na área. Por fim, em relação ao perfil dos profissionais, identificou-se que a autoaprendizagem é predominante em trabalhadores do gênero masculino, enquanto que profissionais com maiores níveis de escolaridade e tempo de experiência dispendem mais tempo para as atividades de aprendizagem no trabalho.
A CULTURA BRASILEIRA NO OLHAR DO ESTRANGEIRO: PERCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS DE UM MBA INTERNACIONAL NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: DIAS GUSTAVO , RODRIGUES MÔNICA ESTEVES , DE HILAL ADRIANA VICTORIA GARIBALDI , LOPES ANA LUIZA SZUCHMACHER VERISSIMO
Published: June 2018

O estudo se propôs a verificar se e como as categorias dos principais modelos teóricos de dimensões culturais identificados em revisão bibliográfica inicial se refletiam nas percepções das experiências vividas e descritas por alunos estrangeiros durante sua estada no Brasil para a participação em disciplinas de curso de MBA internacional, realizado no Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida pesquisa qualitativa baseada na análise de relatos escritos de quarenta alunos, provenientes de dezessete diferentes nacionalidades. A partir da análise dos relatos, identificamos correlações com a maioria das categorias dos modelos culturais e constatamos a existência de vieses de percepção e julgamento entre alunos provenientes de diferentes culturas. Por fim, os resultados da pesquisa apontam para o desenvolvimento de habilidades multiculturais durante o MBA internacional, ajudando os alunos a relativizar e a compreender melhor as diferenças entre as suas culturas e a brasileira. Desta forma, podemos verificar a efetiva contribuição do estudo para aumentar o conhecimento acadêmico sobre as percepções de estrangeiros em relação ao Brasil e aos brasileiros, ainda que com limitações, cumprindo assim a sua proposta inicial.
O ENSINO DO EMPREENDEDORISMO EM CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO: PANORAMA DAS PRÁTICAS DOS CURSOS DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS
Authors: MACHADO ANA CLÁUDIA AZEVEDO , LENZI FERNANDO CÉSAR , MANTHEY NILVANE BOEHM
Published: June 2018

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as práticas de Ensino do Empreendedorismo na percepção dos acadêmicos de graduação do Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas - Gestão de uma universidade comunitária de Santa Catarina. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram divididos em duas etapas: etapa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa e etapa descritiva de abordagem quantitativa. A etapa exploratória se desenvolveu mediante análise documental das ementas dos cursos de Graduação e, posteriormente, desenvolveu-se a pesquisa quantitativa mediante aplicação de uma survey respondida por 659 acadêmicos dos cursos de Administração, Ciências Contábeis, Logística, Marketing e Recursos Humanos. A análise dos resultados da pesquisa possibilitou verificar as atividades dos cursos do Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas que contribuem para a formação empreendedora dos acadêmicos. Embora os resultados mostrem que algumas práticas precisam ser melhoradas e desenvolvidas junto aos acadêmicos, as respostas obtidas apontam que há interesse pelo tema empreendedorismo entre os alunos e que a instituição promove ações para desenvolvimento das competências empreendedoras. Como contribuição principal, a pesquisa proporcionou visualizar que aulas expositivas-dialogadas são mais utilizadas para o ensino de empreendedorismo. Esse resultado aponta para a necessidade de desenvolver práticas de ensino diferenciadas voltadas para a aprendizagem ativa (participativa) dos alunos.
IR OU FICAR: O DILEMA DE UM JOVEM ADMINISTRADOR EM UMA EMPRESA DE ECONOMIA CRIATIVA QUE POSSUI UMA GESTÃO CONVENCIONAL
Authors: MUZZIO HENRIQUE
Published: June 2018

Objetiva-se analisar uma situação sobre o debate entre a permanência ou a saída de um jovem recém-formado que é efetivado em uma empresa de tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC). A organização possui uma trajetória vitoriosa, mas pode não ter um futuro tão promissor, dado seu modelo de gestão convencional e, aparentemente, não adequado ao contexto da criatividade. Trata-se de uma empresa localizada no Porto Digital, polo de economia criativa do Bairro do Recife. A empresa é uma desenvolvedora de aplicativos no efervescente mercado digital. A partir da perspectiva de um jovem administrador, o relato foi desenvolvido com base em duas entrevistas semiestruturadas. O dilema é desenvolvido na perspectiva de permanência ou saída do profissional da empresa diante do modelo de gestão convencional aplicado em uma empresa da economia criativa.
O PROTAGONISMO DO JUDICIÁRIO NO MUNDO CONTEMPORÂNEO E ALGUMAS DE SUAS RAZÕES
Authors: Facchini Neto Eugênio
Published: June 2018

O presente ensaio versa sobre algumas das razões que ajudam a explicar o maior protagonismo do Poder Judiciário no mundo contemporâneo. Após evidenciar os sinais desse protagonismo e de elencar alguns conjuntos de causas, ele foca especificamente nas razões político-estruturais do aumento da importância do judiciário, tais como as características do constitucionalismo moderno, a nova organização do poder, a crise do poder legislativo, as novas características da legislação, o advento e a crise do welfare state, a questão do controle do poder, a ideia de democracia participativa e a necessidade de proteção das minorias e dos direitos fundamentais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que transcende a experiência brasileira para focar algo que atinge todas as democracias contemporâneas. O método utilizado é o da pesquisa bibliográfica, sem focar um autor ou um ponto de vista específico, optando por uma ampla pesquisa sobre os pontos de vista de autores distintos, de variadas nacionalidades e distinta formação acadêmica.
The innovation process in hospital services: a case study in an occupational therapy
Authors: Jacintho José Carlos , Terra da Silva Márcia , De Miranda Luzo Maria Cândida
Published: June 2018

The theoretical debates in the literature point to the need of innovations in hospital services. The objective of this article is to identify the conditions of services that facilitate or hinder the process for different types of innovation in hospital services. For this, case studies were developed that allow the identification of the types of innovation found in the physical rehabilitation outpatient clinics of the Occupational Therapy unit (OT) of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Institute (OTI) of the Clínicas’ Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). The data collected reveal that the results of hospital services are related to the process of developing innovations in the various stages of the workflow, from the generation of ideas to the diffusion within the hospital unit. On the other hand, the review of the literature based on the reverse cycle of Barras and the complements of Gallouj and Djellal show that the paths of innovation in hospital services and innovations in industrial organizations are opposite. Therefore, the results of the analysis of the five cases selected for study reveal that, under the integrative approach, a process change leads to a product change. Thus, the article concludes that, in hospital services, innovations are born within the organizational structure as well as in external contact with professionals, researchers and surgeons.
Why Consumers Don't see the Benefits of Genetically Modified Foods, and what Marketers can do about It
Authors: Hingston Sean T. , Noseworthy Theodore J.
Published: June 2018

Evidence from four studies suggests that the moral opposition toward genetically modified (GM) foods impedes the perception of their benefits, and critically, marketers can circumvent this moral opposition by employing subtle cues to position these products as being “man-made.” Specifically, if consumers view the GM food as man-made, and if they understand why it was created, moral opposition to the product diminishes, and the GM food's perceived benefits increase, which subsequently increases purchase intentions for the product. This effect is replicated in the field (in both controlled and naturalistic settings), in a laboratory experiment, and with an online consumer panel. The results suggest that marketers can help consumers better consider all information when assessing the merits of GM foods by using packaging and promotion strategies to cue consumers to view the GM food for what it is (i.e., a man-made object created with intent). The findings have implications for the recent GM food labeling debate.