bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using computational fluid dynamics and field experiments to improve vehicle-based wind measurements for environmental monitoring
Authors: Hanlon Tara , Risk David
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Vehicle-based measurements of wind speed and direction are presently used for a range of applications, including gas plume detection. Many applications use mobile wind measurements without knowledge of the limitations and accuracy of the mobile measurement system. Our research objective for this field-simulation study was to understand how anemometer placement and the vehicle's external airflow field affect measurement accuracy of vehicle-mounted anemometers. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations were generated in ANSYS Fluent to model the external flow field of a research truck under varying vehicle speed and wind yaw angle. The CFD simulations provided a quantitative description of fluid flow surrounding the vehicle and demonstrated that the change in wind speed magnitude from the inlet increased as the wind yaw angle between the inlet and the vehicle's longitudinal axis increased. The CFD results were used to develop empirical speed correction factors at specified yaw angles and to derive an aerodynamics-based correction function calibrated for wind yaw angle and anemometer placement. For comparison with CFD, we designed field tests on a square, 12.8 km route in flat, treeless terrain with stationary sonic anemometers positioned at each corner. The route was driven in replicate under varying wind conditions and vehicle speeds. The vehicle-based anemometer measurements were corrected to remove the vehicle speed and course vector. From the field trials, we observed that vehicle-based wind speed measurements differed in average magnitude in each of the upwind, downwind, and crosswind directions. The difference from stationary anemometers increased as the yaw angle between the wind direction and the truck's longitudinal axis increased, confirming the vehicle's impact on the surrounding flow field and validating the trends in CFD. To further explore the accuracy of CFD, we applied the function derived from the simulations to the field data and again compared these with stationary measurements. From this study, we were able to make recommendations for anemometer placement, demonstrate the importance of applying aerodynamics-based correction factors to vehicle-based wind measurements, and identify ways to improve the empirical aerodynamic-based correction factors.
Development of a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the analysis of monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids
Authors: Helin Aku , Hakola Hannele , Hellén Heidi
Published: January 2020

Abstract. In this study, a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) method following sorbent tube sampling was developed for the determination of monoterpenoids (MTs), sesquiterpenoids (SQTs) and diterpenoids (DTs) in gas-phase samples. The analytical method performance was tested by conducting experiments related to, for example, sampling recovery, storage stability, ozone reactivity and general method validation. The limit-of-quantification values were 13–518 pg (0.5–9.3 pptv), intermediate precision was in the range of 3–10 % and the expanded measurement uncertainty was in the range of 17–40 % for terpenoids. The sampling recoveries of terpenoids were approximately within 100±20 % with different inlet lines (15 m long Teflon and 1 m long heated stainless-steel) and branch enclosure cuvette (6 L Teflon bag) tested. The ozone reaction rate coefficient (kO3) of ent-kaurene was experimentally estimated to be 2 orders of magnitude greater than the respective literature kO3 value, demonstrating the potential underestimation of DTs contribution to atmospheric reactivity. The preliminary comparison between offline and online mode TD-GC-MS sampling and analysis revealed that diterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes are lost in excessive amounts in online mode sampling, hindering the online mode applicability for the quantitative analysis of these compounds. A few applications to real samples were tested to identify DTs potentially emitted by boreal forest tree species. In dynamic headspace samples of pine needles and spruce twigs heated to 60 °C, five and 13 DTs could be detected in emissions, respectively. The semi-quantitatively estimated emission rates of DTs were roughly 1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than those of MTs and SQTs. Similarly, in spruce branch enclosure emissions from a living tree, seven DTs were detected once the enclosure was heated to ca. 60 °C. In summary, the developed analytical method was demonstrated to be applicable for the analysis of MTs, SQTs and DTs. In addition, DTs could be detected in needles, twigs and branch enclosure emissions, however, high temperatures were required to promote the emissions and for obtaining detectable concentrations.
Stratospheric observations of noctilucent clouds: a new approach in studying middle- and large-scale mesospheric dynamics
Authors: Dalin Peter , Pertsev Nikolay , Perminov Vladimir , Efremov Denis , Romejko Vitaly
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The Stratospheric Observations of Noctilucent Clouds
(SONC) experimental campaign was conducted on the night of 5–6 July 2018 with the aim of
photographing noctilucent clouds (NLCs) and studying their large-scale
spatial dynamics at scales of 100–1450 km. An automated high-resolution
camera (equipped with a wide-angle lens) was lifted by a stratospheric
sounding balloon to 20.4 km altitude above the Moscow region in Russia
(∼56∘ N, 41∘ E), taking several hundreds
of NLC images during the flight that lasted 1.7 h. The combination of a
high-resolution camera and large geographic coverage (∼1500 km) has provided a unique technique of NLC observations from the
stratosphere, which is impossible to currently achieve from either the
ground or space. We have estimated that a horizontal extension of the NLC
field as seen from the balloon was about 1450×750 km, whereas it was about
800×550 km as seen from the ground. The NLC field was located in a cold
area of the mesopause (136–146 K), which was confirmed by satellite
measurements. The southernmost edge of the NLC field was modulated by partial
ice voids of 150–250 km in diameter. A medium-scale gravity wave had a
wavelength of 49.4±2.2 km and an amplitude of 1.9±0.1 km. The
final state of the NLC evolution was represented by thin parallel gravity
wave stripes. Balloon-borne observations provide new horizons in studies of
NLCs at various scales from metres to thousands of kilometres. Here we present a
review paper on our experiment describing the initial results. Detailed studies
on the time evolution of the cloud movements will be done in the future.
Technical Note: The analogue method for millennial-scale, spatiotemporal climate reconstructions
Authors: Bothe Oliver , Zorita Eduardo
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Inferences about climate states and climate variability of the Holocene and the deglaciation rely on sparse paleo-observational proxy data. Combining these sparse proxies with output from climate simulations is a means for increasing the understanding of the climate throughout the last ~ 21 millennia. The analogue method is one approach to do this. The method takes a number of sparse proxy records and then searches within a pool of more complete information (e.g., model simulations) for analogues according to a similarity criterion. The analogue method is non-linear and allows considering the spatial covariance among proxy records. Beyond the last two millennia, we have to rely on proxies that are not only sparse in space but also irregular in time and with considerably uncertain dating. This poses additional challenges for the analogue method, which have seldom been addressed previously. The method has to address the uncertainty of the proxy-inferred variables as well as the uncertain dating. It has to cope with the irregular and non-synchronous sampling of different proxies. Here, we propose a specific way of dealing with these obstacles. We use uncertainty ellipses for tuples of individual proxy values and dates and, thereby, consider the dating as well as the data uncertainty. Results highlight the potential of the method to reconstruct the climate of the last ~ 15 millennia. However, in the present case, the reconstructions show little variability of their central estimates but large uncertainty ranges. The reconstruction by analogue provides not only a regional average record but also allows assessing the climate state compliant with the used proxy predictors. These fields reveal that uncertainty are also large locally. Our results emphasize the ambiguity of reconstructions from spatially sparse and temporally uncertain, irregularly sampled proxies.
MFIT 1.0.0: Multiflow inversion of tracer breakthrough curves in fractured and karst aquifers
Authors: Bodin Jacques
Published: January 2020

Abstract. More than half of the Earth’s population depends largely or entirely on fractured or karst aquifers for their drinking water supply. Both the characterization and modeling of these groundwater reservoirs are therefore of worldwide concern. Artificial tracer testing is a widely used method for the characterization of solute (including contaminant) transport in groundwater. Tracer experiments consist of a two-step procedure: 1) introducing a conservative tracer-labeled solution into an aquifer, usually through a sinkhole or a well, and 2) measuring the concentration breakthrough curve (BTC) response(s) at one or several downstream monitoring locations, usually spring(s) or pumping well(s). However, the modeling and interpretation of tracer test responses can be a challenging task in some cases, notably when the BTCs exhibit multiple local peaks and/or extensive backward tailing. MFIT is a new open-source, Windows-based computer package for the analytical modeling of tracer BTCs. This software integrates four transport models that are all capable of simulating single- or multiple-peak and/or heavy-tailed BTCs. The four transport models are encapsulated in a general multiflow modeling framework, which assumes that the spatial heterogeneity of an aquifer can be approximated by a combination of independent one-dimensional channels. Two of the MFIT transport models are believed to be new, as they combine the multiflow approach and the double-porosity concept, which is applied at the scale of the individual channels. Another salient feature of MFIT is its compatibility and interface with the advanced optimization tools of the PEST suite of programs. Hence, MFIT is the first BTC fitting tool that allows regularized inversion and nonlinear analysis of the postcalibration uncertainty of model parameters.
A history of the concept of time of concentration
Authors: Beven Keith J.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The concept of time of concentration in the analysis of catchment responses dates back over 150 years to the introduction of the Rational Method. Since then it has been used in a variety of ways in the formulation of both unit hydrograph and distributed catchment models. It is normally discussed The concept of time of concentration in the analysis of catchment responses dates back over 150 years to the introduction of the Rational Method. Since then it has been used in a variety of ways in the formulation of both unit hydrograph and distributed catchment models. It is normally discussed in terms of the velocity of flow of a water particle from the furthest part of a catchment to the outlet. This is also the basis for the definition in the International Glossary of Hydrology. While conceptually simple, this definition is, however, wrong when applied to catchment responses where, in terms of how surface and subsurface flows produce hydrographs, it is more correct to discuss and teach the concept based on celerities and time to equilibrium. While this has been recognized since the 1960s, some recent papers and text remain confused over the definition and use of time of concentration. The paper sets out the history of its use and clarifies its relationship to time to equilibrium but suggests that both terms are not really useful in explaining hydrological responses. An appendix is included that quantifies the differences between the definitions of response times for subsurface and surface flows under simple assumptions that might be useful in teaching.
Estimating the degree of preferential flow to drainage in an agricultural clay till field for a 10-year period
Authors: Nagy David , Rosenbom Annette E. , Iversen Bo V. , Jabloun Mohamed , Plauborg Finn
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The conceptual understanding of the preferential water flow is crucial and hence understanding the degree of water percolating rapidly through vertical macropores, or slowly through the low-permeable matrix, is vital in order to assess the risk of contaminants like nitrate and pesticides being transported through a variably-saturated macroporous clay till to drainage. This study compared six different model concepts, using the dual-permeability module of the one-dimensional model DAISY, incorporating three different macropore settings and two different groundwater tables set as lower boundary conditions. The three macropore settings included vertical macropores supplying water directly to (a) drainage, (b) drainage and matrix and (c) drainage and matrix including fractures supplying water to the matrix in the saturated zone. The model study was based on ten years of coherent climate, drainage, and groundwater data from an agricultural clay till field. The estimated drainage obtained with the six model concepts was compared to the measured drainage. No significant discrepancies between the estimated and measured drainage were identified. The model concept with the macropore setting (b) exposed to groundwater fluctuations measured in the southern part of the field, gave the best description of the drainage. Bromide leaching tests were used to evaluate the mass balance of the model concepts. The estimated water balance of all six concepts revealed that 70 % of the precipitation input to drainage was transported via macropores. According to the results of bromide leaching simulation, 54 % of the drainage was estimated to be transported via vertical macropores being initiated in the plow layer.
Effect of preferential transport and coherent denitrification on leaching of nitrate to drainage
Authors: Nagy David , Rosenbom Annette E. , Iversen Bo V. , Plauborg Finn
Published: January 2020

Abstract. To protect the quality of the aquatic environment, it is imperative to be able to assess the leaching of nitrate through various hydrogeological settings. Numerical model concepts have been developed in order to describe this leaching and possible routes of nitrogen at field scale, often without being evaluated in regard to their ability to account for dominant preferential transport and coherent denitrification, which is the rule rather than the exception in soils. This study evaluates whether it is possible to describe 10-years of nitrate concentrations, measured in drainage from a tile-drained agricultural clay till field in Denmark, by applying the soil-plant-atmosphere model DAISY, capable of accounting for preferential transport and denitrification. A DAISY model concept, including macropores capable of capturing the water and bromide balance of the field within this specific timeframe, was able to predict the water transport to drainage, dry matter and N-yield of the harvested crops, while it was unable, with the standard default denitrification model, to predict dynamics and quantity of N-loss to drainage. This was caused by a fast saturation of the plow layer, where nitrate seemed to be denitrified almost instantly, and no surplus nitrate remained to be transported to the drainage. To circumvent this and describe the measured N-loss, modification to the water reduction function affecting denitrification was conducted. The denitrification had to be reduced by approximately 50 % from a seasonal average of 75 kg N ha−1 to 35 kg N ha−1 while 48 % to 80 % of the total N-loss to drainage had to be preferentially transported from the plow layer. This study, therefore, reveals that, by not accounting for preferential transport and coherent denitrification, there is a high risk of underestimating leaching of nitrate to the aquatic environment.
Novel Keeling plot based methods to estimate the isotopic composition of ambient water vapor
Authors: Yuan Yusen , Du Taisheng , Wang Honglang , Wang Lixin
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Keeling plot approach, a general method to identify the isotopic composition of source atmospheric CO2 and water vapor (i.e., evapotranspiration), has been widely used in terrestrial ecosystems. The isotopic composition of ambient water vapor (δa), another important source of atmospheric water vapor, is not able to be estimated to date using the Keeling plot approach. Here we proposed two new methods to estimate δa using the Keeling plot curves: one using intersection point method and another replying on intermediate value theorem. As actual δa value was difficult to measure directly, we used two indirect approaches to validate our new methods. First, we made an external vapor tracking using Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model to facilitate explaining the variation of δa. The trajectory vapor origin results were consistent with the expectations of the δa values estimated by these two methods. Second, regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between δa values estimated from these two independent methods and they are in strong agreement. This study provides an analytical framework to estimate δa using existing facilities, and provides important insights into the traditional Keeling plot approach by showing: (a) an evidence that δa was constant in a certain moment among different heights, a key assumption of the Keeling plot approach, (b) a possibility to calculate the proportion of evapotranspiration fluxes to total atmospheric vapor using the same instrumental setup for the traditional Keeling plot investigations, and c) perspectives on estimation of isotope composition of ambient CO2 (δa13C).
Variability of glacier albedo and links to annual mass balance for the
Gardens of Eden and Allah, Southern Alps, New Zealand
Authors: Dowson Angus J. , Sirguey Pascal , Cullen Nicolas J.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The Gardens of Eden and Allah (GoEA) are two of New Zealand's largest icefields. However, their remote location and protected conservation status has limited access and complicated monitoring and research efforts. As a result, the behaviour and dynamics of these unique glaciers are poorly understood. We use annual minimum glacier-wide albedo (αyrmin) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites over the period 2000-2018 to assess linkages between the spatial and temporal variability of αyrmin and glacier mass balance. The αyrmin for 12 individual glaciers, identified using a new objective glacier masking approach, ranges between 0.42 and 0.70, and can occur as early as mid-January and as late as the end of April. There is evidence that the timing of αyrmin has shifted to later in the summer over the 19-year period on 10 of the 12 glaciers. The largest negative departures in αyrmin (lower than average albedo) are consistent with high snow line altitudes (SLA) as determined from the End-of-Summer Snowline (EOSS) survey, which has monitored glaciers in the Southern Alps for over 40 years. While the record of αyrmin for Vertebrae Col 25, an index glacier of the EOSS survey and one of the GoEA glaciers, explains less than half of the variability observed in the corresponding EOSS SLA (R2 = 0.43, p = 0.003), the relationship is stronger when compared to other GoEA glaciers. Angel Glacier has the strongest relationship with EOSS observations at Vertebrae Col 25, accounting for 69% of its variance (p = 1.8 × 10−5). A key advantage in using the αyrmin approach is that it enables the variability in response of individual glaciers to be explored, revealing that topographic setting plays an important role in addition to the regional climate signal. MODIS imagery acquired from the Terra and Aqua platforms also provide insights about the spatial and temporal variability of clouds. The frequency of clouds in pixels west of the Main Divide is as high as 90 % during summer months, and reach a minimum of 35 % in some locations in winter. These complex cloud interactions deserve further attention as they are likely a contributing factor in controlling the spatial and temporal variability of glacier response observed in the GoEA. The observed variability of individual glacier response on the GoEA demonstrate that glaciers in the Southern Alps do not behave as a single climatic unit.
American Underworld: The Flash Press
Authors: Graewingholt Megan D.
Published: January 2020

The American Underworld: Flash Press Collection available from Readex is a treasure trove of early American metropolitan journalism, providing a rare glimpse into unique, short-lived, and often bawdy newspaper titles which found their glory days between the 1830s and 1850s. Akin to
the tabloid presses of today, these publications often presented the seamier aspects of everyday urban society, often preaching against the very topics on which they reported. In the more than sixty papers available through the American Antiquarian Society, this collection represents some
of the rarest of all American newspapers and contains unique research material for those in urban studies, women’s studies, criminal justice, Victorian society, and the literature of the nineteenth century. The latest Readex interface provides a variety of user options to view, search,
and explore this array of visual ephemera and includes new and enhanced user features for scholarly research. The value of this exclusive historical newspaper content combined with the attractive initial pricing on this collection outweigh the minimal improvements necessary to improve searchability
and discovery.
Routledge Historical Resources: History of Economic Thought
Authors: Hess Sara F.
Published: January 2020

Routledge Historical Resources: History of Economic Thought (HET) is an online platform of curated Taylor & Francis‐owned content. The journal articles, thematic essays, and primary and secondary source documents cover economic thought in the period from 1700 through 1914.
HET covers major economic schools of thought, including classical political economy, the Enlightenment, and socialism. These currents of thought are used along with notable figures, time periods, and topics—including money and banking, public economics, poverty, and economic crises—to
categorize documents. The browsing functionality in HET is user-friendly and makes use of faceted searching. HET’s most glaring flaw is the lack of a machine-readable text alternative for some primary source documents that are rendered as PDF facsimiles of the original documents; these
PDFs impede not only researchers using assistive technology but also users attempting to search the full text of those documents.
Orthography and Pronunciation Systems in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study
Authors: Dhayef Qassim Abbas , Mohammed Al-Aassam Daniah Abdul Ameer
Published: January 2020

The present paper tries to present the orthography and pronunciation systems of both English and Arabic languages to clarify points of difficulties that Arab students encounter with pronouncing English words. So it presents the orthography and pronunciation systems in English first then that of Arabic. Both similarities and differences are shown in conclusion section of the study as main findings.
“With the Utmost Practical Speed”: Eisenhower, Hungarian Parolees, and the “Hidden Hand” Behind US Immigration and Refugee Policy, 1956–1957
Authors: Bradford Anita Casavantes
Published: January 2020

From December 1956 to May 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower made unprecedented use of the parole statute of the 1952 McCarran-Walter Act in order to rapidly admit 38,000 Hungarian refugees to the United States. Characterizing this decision as a reactive effort to repair strained relationships with Western European allies following the Soviet invasion of Budapest, previous scholarship has correctly recognized that Eisenhower’s actions “stretched American immigration law beyond belief”; at the same time, by assuming that sympathetic American legislators were eager to work with the president to find ways around legal obstacles to the admission of anti- Communist Hungarians, scholars to date have sidestepped the question of exactly how he managed to bypass congressional authority without provoking a constitutional crisis. Drawing upon sources including the president’s personal papers, NSC memoranda, and State Department memos in order to more fully excavate the fraught process by which the president compelled Congress to cede control of immigration and refugee policy to the executive, this article argues that Eisenhower saw his use of the parole statute not only in reactive geo- political terms, but also as a proactive means of creating momentum for the reform of the nation’s restrictive immigration policies. Asserting that the president sought deliberately to bypass legislators whose public expressions of sympathy obscured their lack of an affirmative commitment to the admission of Hungarian “freedom fighters,” it further demonstrates that Eisenhower preemptively deployed a high- powered team of public relations professionals as part of a media-driven “end run” around restrictionist legislators whom he expected to oppose his use of the parole statute. Finally, highlighting the centrality of representations of Hungarian whiteness and Christianity to the executive- driven PR campaign that accompanied Eisenhower’s refugee resettlement program, the article concludes that mid- century American notions of race and religion played a crucial role in generating public sympathy for displaced Hungarians and, by extension, in ensuring congressional acquiescence to Eisenhower’s bold interventions into the jealously guarded sphere of refugee policy-making.
Coda
Authors: Gurd Sean Alexander
Published: January 2020

A conclusion and overview of Dissonance. Greek song and drama was concerned with bringing the sensation of sound within the enclosure of perception, at times against the categories central to Greek conceptions of culture. Greek auditory art’s engagement with sound is described as figure, as affect, and as melody. These themes are illustrated through a reading of Euripides’ Bacchae.
The Common Growl
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: January 2020

No longer able to read community in terms colored by a romantic nostalgia for homogeneity, closeness and sameness, or the myth of rational choice, we nevertheless face an imperative to think the common. The prominent scholars assembled here come together to articulate community while thinking seriously about the tropes, myths, narratives, metaphors, conceits, and shared cultural texts on which any such articulation depends. The result is a major contribution to literary theory, postcolonialism, philosophy, political theory, and sociology.
Poetics of Anxiety and Security
Authors: Bhabha Homi K.
Published: January 2020

This essay examines the connection between literature and trauma by analyzing anew the cultural circulation of Auden’s “September 1, 1939” in relation to the 9/11 terror attacks. Widely invoked at a cultural moment when the diffusion and dissemination of these tragic images was constant and ubiquitous, this entry argues against the poem as having a direct bearing through the meaning of its famous words, but rather as a poetic space that can speak to the anxiety and concern such an event, and its accompanying medial propogation, engenders. It comes to theorize this poem as a third-space, where trauma is manifested and inscribed within us as the feeling of anxiety and desire for security. It is the poem’s ability to speak in and as this third space, at the same time foreign and proximal, that forms the basis for being together.
Dancing in the Dark with Shelley
Authors: Faflak Joel
Published: January 2020

Faflak explores a different kind of orientation towards such contemporaneity: through meditations on the film musical, Faflak powerfully traces the emergent rhetoric of virtuality and subjugation that the genre performs by way of a harnessing of the visual. Borrowing in part from terms familiar in Debord as well as using Tim Burton’s Sweeney Todd and Lars von Trier’s Dancer in the Dark, Faflak demonstrates how Shelley’s The Triumph of Life stages decisive, historical encounters with the “spectacles of culture” that mark a particular turn away from romantic unknowing and inspire a post-Enlightenment culture of assimilation and foreclosure.
Population Aesthetics in Romantic and Post-Romantic Literature
Authors: Mitchell Robert
Published: January 2020

Mitchell’s essay explores the modes in which the machinations of the Godwin-Malthus debate illuminate Shelley’s novel; and it attends to the ways that the “uncanny resurrection” of that debate has made its own unlikely u-turn in the two-way street of contemporary popular political discourse.
The Pitfalls of Translating Philosophy: Or, the Languages of G. W. F. Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit
Authors: Mendicino Kristina
Published: January 2020

The Hegelian logos should not be contingent upon the particular language in which it is articulated; translation should therefore be no real concern for Hegel. Yet surprisingly, Hegel describes his Phenomenology of Spirit in a letter to Johann Heinrich Voss as an attempt akin to Voss’s and Martin Luther’s monumental translations of Homer and the Bible. Differently than his predecessors, however, Hegel does not seek to translate a canonical text, but a philosophical language that was never spoken or written before. Taking this letter as a point of departure, the chapter shows how Hegel’s Phenomenology is a translation project, and an oracular one at that. For in the section Hegel devotes to oracular language, the oracle prefigures the absolute language of philosophy that he seeks to translate, while its foreignness renders translation imperative, both at the structural level of Hegel’s argumentation and at the level of his own writing, which is fraught with traces of the Hebrew Bible, Spinoza, and Homeric epic. Because Hegel’s remarks on the oracle can be understood only in tracing his German back through these texts and tongues, however, the oracle also implies an irreducible foreignness that even the most rigorous dialectic cannot sublate.
Language at an Impasse, in Passing: Wilhelm von Humboldt’s Agamemnon Translation
Authors: Mendicino Kristina
Published: January 2020

This chapter argues that Wilhelm von Humboldt’s most original insights into the emergence of the word are presented in the preface he appends to his translation of Aeschylus’ Agamemnon. There, translation and language are considered immediately according to their temporality, and the labor of translation becomes recast in dynamic terms that anticipate his famous definition of language as energeia in his magisterial treatise, On the Diversity of Human Language Structure. When does translation and, by analogy, language itself, emerge—and by what force? Only in addressing this question is it possible to delineate the way in which translations might work upon language at any “given point in time,” along the lines of an incommensurable foreign text, where, as Humboldt puts it, one “can always only set against each utterly proper term a different one” (8: 130). And only through such collisions—which, for Humboldt, make up the structure of the symbol—might a given language be renewed through translation, and give rise to language as it had never hitherto been spoken or written. This is what every translation, according to Humboldt, should promise—which turns out to be not the promise of linguistics, but of Aeschylus’ prophetess, Cassandra.
Prophetic Poetry, ad Infinitum: Friedrich Schlegel’s Daybreak
Authors: Mendicino Kristina
Published: January 2020

This chapter revolves around Friedrich Schlegel’s Daybreak, a project that preoccupied him throughout his writing career, from the last days of early Romanticism to his notebooks from the 1820s. Based loosely on Jacob Böhme’s Aurora, Daybreak should have exemplified the genre Schlegel called “prophetic poetry.” Although Daybreak exists only in the form of posthumously published fragments, the first and lengthiest of these notes introduces nothing less than a cosmology on the basis of the mathematical infinite series, perpetually divided between 1 and 0. The order of number, however, does not yield a language purified of semantic ambivalence. Instead, a close reading of the fragment, along with a reconstruction of Schlegel’s engagement with Schelling’s philosophy of nature and Plato’s Sophist, shows the principle from which he derives the cosmos to have dire consequences for language and truth. For it leads Schlegel to the premise of infinite divisibility that Plato’s Socrates contests in order to establish the possibility of a propositional grammar that would allow for veridical distinctions. This divisibility, which Schlegel’s syntax reflects, results in an ontology akin to the confusion of tongues: the language of his prophetic poetry allows being and time to be parsed in many ways at once.
Disclosure
Authors: Mendicino Kristina
Published: January 2020

Just between you and me now, I know you may be wondering what, in these last pages, remains to be said. (But in case you have not read all the way, here is a somewhat lengthy parenthetical remark, for orientation: “I” am addressing “you” here, to pick up where the last chapter left off, and to pick up at a different point, according to the rhythm of repeated reprisal—of “taking up again” and “taking back”...
Convergence between 21st Century Skills and Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education Institutes
Authors: Ghafar Abdul
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which 21st century skills assume “a priori” as an integral part of entrepreneurship education with the intent of producing graduates who are not just primarily driven to start new ventures but also empowered and enabled to create entrepreneurial impact within organizations. In elucidating this argument the author undertook social constructionist approach, in order to develop an empirical understanding of the role of entrepreneurship education in developing 21st century skills from the perspective and experiences of undergraduate students majoring in Innovation & Entrepreneurship undergraduate program. Findings of this study suggest that teaching detailed and nuanced industry knowledge is arguably beyond the scope of entrepreneurship education systems, but to an extent, it is of paramount importance that students are exposed to the organic industry knowledge through interaction and experiential experiences. Within such interaction, the development of convergent 21st century skills such as social relationships, leadership, creativity and critical thinking further nurture entrepreneurial intents among students. In so doing, this study provides avenues for further development of entrepreneurship education, particularly the integration of 21st century skills.
Quantum Cryptography for Nuclear Command and Control
Authors: Hall Derek , Sands Timothy
Published: January 2020

The nuclear inventory of Russia and the USA currently comprises 12,685 warheads in a large network of vehicles; and the interconnected network is managed by a command and control communication system. This command and control communication system (C3) must also relay information from numerous airborne, space-born, and ground sensors throughout the network in potentially degraded environments and are nonetheless meant to securely hold transmissions that must be held to the highest standards of encryption. C3 systems are also arguably one of the most challenging systems to develop, since they require far more security, reliability, and hardening compared to typical communication systems, because they typically must (absolutely) work while other systems fail. Systems used for C3 are not always cutting-edge technology, but they must be upgraded at crucial junctures to keep them at peak performance. This manuscript outlines a blueprint of a way to embed current and future systems with revolutionary encryption technology. This will transform the security of the information we pass to our C3 assets adding redundancy, flexibility, and enhanced speed and insure vehicles and personnel in the system receive network message traffic. Quantum key distribution (QKD) has the potential to provide nearly impregnable secure transmissions, increased bandwidth, and additional redundancy for command and control communication (C3). While QKD is still in its adolescence, how QKD should be used or C3 must be charted out before it can be engineered, tested, and implemented for operations. Following a description QKD functionality, its pros and cons, we theorize the best implementation of a QKD system for C3.
Ants Acquire the Notion of Zero through Experiences
Authors: Cammaerts Marie-Claire , Cammaerts Roger
Published: January 2020

The workers of the ant Myrmica sabuleti have a concrete notion of zero and locate this zero at the lower end of their mental number line. Here we examined how they acquire such a notion: do they have it natively or do they learn it over their life? We worked on young ants a few weeks old, and used operant conditioning to zero, the latter being a white paper or ‘nothing, no cue’, presented vs a black dot. In a first series of experiments, we showed that young ants do not detain the notion of zero. In a second series of experiments on the same ants, we first tempted learning them the notion of zero by facing them with a filled and an empty food tube during two days. They were then submitted to conditioning to ‘zero’, and they correctly responded to it. Consequently, the ants have not natively the notion of zero but acquire it through experiences.
Učinkovitost skidera Timberjack 240 C pri privlačenju drva u brdskim uvjetima primjenom sortimentne metode
Authors: Zečić Željko , Pečnjak Davorin , Landekić Matija , Bakarić Matija , Vusić Dinko , Martinić Ivan
Published: January 2020

U radu je istraživan učinak skidera Timberjack 240 C pri privlačenju drvnih sortimenata u dovršnoj i naplodnoj sječi. Terenska su istraživanja provedena na području Šumarije Okučani u odjelu 44a gospodarske jedinice Okučanska brda i na području Šumarije Nova Gradiška u odjelu 74a gospodarske jedinice Južni Psunj. Kod skidera Timberjack 240C u odjelu 44a tijekom 11 dana na radilištu je snimljeno 4406,12 minuta, što iznosi 400,56 minuta na dan odnosno 83,45 % propisanoga radnoga vremena od 480 minuta. Od ukupnoga snimljenoga vremena na efektivno vrijeme otpada 3300,02 minute ili 74,90 %, dok na opće vrijeme otpada 1106,10 minuta ili 25,10 %. Kod skidera Timberjack 240C u odjelu 74a tijekom 9 dana na radilištu je snimljeno 2641,57 minuta, što iznosi 293,51 minutu na dan, odnosno 61,15 % propisanoga radnoga vremena od 480 minuta. Od ukupnoga snimljenoga vremena na efektivno vrijeme otpada 2157,20 minuta ili 81,66 %, dok na opće vrijeme otpada 484,37 minuta ili 18,34 %. Dodatno vrijeme iznosi 16,09 % i 20,37 % efektivnoga vremena. Skider Timberjack 240C pripada skupini visoko učinkovitih strojeva na privlačenju drva, a posebno u oplodnim sječama primjenom poludeblovne i deblovne metode. Za primjenu takva skidera potrebno je prethodno izraditi elaborat radilišta sa svim utjecajnim čimbenicima te neprestano nadzirati tijek rada. Privlačenjem drvnih sortimenata postižu se značajno manji učinci zbog prosječno manjega obujma tovara.
Mobilne aplikacije – korisna inovacija u šumarstvu?
Authors: Lepoglavec Kruno , Landekić Matija , Kanižaj Marijana , Nevečerel Hrvoje , Šporčić Mario
Published: January 2020

Razvojem i napretkom mobilne tehnologije promijenila su se gledišta u prikupljanju, obradi i interpretaciji različitih terenskih podataka u svim strukama, pa tako i u šumarstvu. U obavljanju stručnih šumarskih poslova mobilne aplikacije dosada nisu zamijenile tradicionalne šumarske instrumente i postupke. Međutim, na tržištu se pojavljuje sve veći broj aplikacija koje su namjenski razvijene za šumarstvo ili koje se osim u drugim područjima također mogu koristiti i za obavljanje nekih šumarskih zadaća. S tim u vezi, u ovom se radu daje pregled mobilnih aplikacija koje je moguće primijeniti u šumarstvu. Prikazane aplikacije odabrane su, uz postavljene kriterije, pretraživanjem digitalnih servisa Google Play i App Store. Nakon opisa namjene i načina rada odabranih aplikacija posebno su istaknuta njihova glavna obilježja te pozitivne i negativne strane svake pojedine aplikacije. Cilj je rada procijeniti u kojoj mjeri mobilne aplikacije doista mogu biti korisna inovacija u šumarstvu. Prikazom odabranih aplikacija pružaju se spoznaje o tome je li u šumarstvu moguća profesionalna primjena mobilnih aplikacija.
La saga de Tristán e Iseo
Authors: Contreras Martín Antonio
Published: January 2020

La saga de Tristán e Iseo, edición y traducción de Áfrún Gunnlaugsdóttir, Madrid, Miraguano Ediciones (col. «Libros de los Malos Tiempos», nº 139), 2019
Arthur Hatto, The World of the Khanty Epic Hero-Princes
Authors: Contreras Martín Antonio
Published: January 2020

Arthur Hatto, The World of the Khanty Epic Hero-Princes. An Exploration of a Siberian Oral Tradition, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2017
Guillebert De Mets, Description de la ville de Paris 1434; Gregory T. Clark, Art in the Time of War
Authors: González González Raúl
Published: January 2020

Guillebert De Mets, Description de la ville de Paris 1434. Medieval French text with English translation, ed., traducc. y notas de Evelyn Mullally, Turnhout: Brepols (Textes vernaculaires du Moyen Âge, nº 14), 2015.Gregory T. Clark, Art in a Time of War: the Master of Morgan 453 and ManuscriptIllumination in Paris during the English Occupation (1419-1435), Ontario: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies (Text, Image, Context: Studies in Medieval Manuscript Illumination, nº 3), 2016.
Ramon Llull, els trobadors i la cultura del segle XIII
Authors: Rossell Antoni
Published: January 2020

Ramon Llull, els Trobadors i la cultura del segle XIII, a cura de Vicenç Beltran Pepió, Tomàs Martínez Romero i Irene Capdevila Arrizabalaga, Florència, Edizioni Del Galluzzo (La Fondazione Ezio Franceschini) 2018
Editorial
Authors: Gabriel Marcelo Luiz Dias da Silva , Da Silva Dirceu
Published: January 2020

Esta edio da Revista Brasileira de Marketing (REMark) especial em vrios sentidos, a comear pelo fato de no se tratar de um nmero regular, o que j faz dela uma edio especial. especial tambm porque traz ao conhecimento dos leitores a nova identidade visual e a assuno definitiva de seu carter internacional, com a adoo oficial do nome Brazilian Journal of Marketing, ou BJMkt de agora em diante.Outra razo de sua natureza especial a de termos contado com o apoio do CNPq, por meio da chamada CNPQ/CAPES n 26/2017 - Programa Editorial.
A CONSTRUÇÃO E A EXPANSÃO DISCURSIVAS NAS TRIBOS URBANAS: PREGAÇÃO NAZISTA DISSIMULADA
Authors: Dourado Wilson Pereira
Published: January 2020

A prtica simblica dos discursos uma estrutura sgnica da sociedade que atua como fio condutor de uma cultura denominada scio-semitica. Essa a disciplina da Semitica cujo objetivo primeiro refletir sobre os discursos sociais por meio de suas manifestaes discursivas verbais, no-verbais e sincrticas, verificando os modelos em que tais discursos se apiam e como eles diferem de acordo com suas respectivas funes sociais. Expressam-se esses discursos por meio de estruturas de verbos modais
METÁFORA E CINEMA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DAS TRIBOS URBANAS
Authors: Kozlakowski Allan
Published: January 2020

Ao alcanar seu maior desenvolvimento sob o influxo da indstria de comunicao de massa, sobretudo a norteamericana, as histrias em quadrinhos, principalmente a partir do aparecimento das revistas peridicas os comic books ou gibis, como so conhecidos no Brasil , foram tradicionalmente encaradas como um produto voltado ao pblico infanto-juvenil. Para a sociedade em geral, os quadrinhos so direcionados populao infantil, veiculando mensagens que devem adequar-se s caractersticas dessa clientela [quando, por um motivo ou outro, fugiram disso, ocorreram reaes por parte da sociedade, visando coloc-los novamente nos devidos trilhos...]. Mesmo hoje, com um sculo de disseminao global das histrias em quadrinhos, grande parte da sociedade
AS HISTÓRIAS EM QUADRINHOS E SUAS TRIBOS
Authors: Andraus Gazy , Bari Valéria Aparecida , Santos Roberto Elísio dos , Vergueiro Waldomiro
Published: January 2020

Ao alcanar seu maior desenvolvimento sob o influxo da indstria de comunicao de massa, sobretudo a norteamericana, as histrias em quadrinhos, principalmente a partir do aparecimento das revistas peridicas os comic books ou gibis, como so conhecidos no Brasil , foram tradicionalmente encaradas como um produto voltado ao pblico infanto-juvenil. Para a sociedade em geral, os quadrinhos so direcionados populao infantil, veiculando mensagens que devem adequar-se s caractersticas dessa clientela [quando, por um motivo ou outro, fugiram disso, ocorreram reaes por parte da sociedade, visando coloc-los novamente nos devidos trilhos...]. Mesmo hoje, com um sculo de disseminao global das histrias em quadrinhos, grande parte da sociedade, inclusive no mbito acadmico, ainda os v dessa forma.
NEOTRIBALISMO - O PREDOMÍ­NIO DA ESTÉTICA LOCAL SOBRE A ÉTICA GLOBAL
Authors: Araujo Rogério Bianchi de
Published: January 2020

Para iniciar este artigo, importante salientar que o termo tribos nada mais do que uma metfora para explicar a existncia de agrupamentos tipicamente urbanos, os quais constroem uma identidade prpria, identificando-se uns com os outros. Falar em tribo como falar em pacto. Enquanto, nas sociedades indgenas, tribo tem uma conotao ampla, nas sociedades urbano-industriais representa particularismos, isto , um recorte dentro da sociedade. A metropolizao e a urbanizao intensas provocaram a crise das tradies, perdas de identidade e, conseqentemente, no resgate dessas razes emergem as tribos urbanas. Diante da impessoalidade e anonimato to enraizados na sociedade moderna, as tribos permitem a criao de cdigos de comunicao e comportamentos particulares, com o intuito de escapar da massificao imposta pelo sistema capitalista e da solido das metrpoles.
SISTEMAS ÉTICOS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A PESQUISA CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Leite Édson
Published: January 2020

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A RESISTÊNCIA DO CORPO: ÉTICA E COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Souza e Silva Dallmo De Oliveira
Published: January 2020

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DIÁLOGO ENTRE ANTROPOLOGIA INTERPRETATIVA E PÓS-MODERNIDADE
Authors: Dias Laércio Fidelis
Published: January 2020

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IMAGENS DA MÍ­DIA: UMA ABORDAGEM SEMIÓTICA DA SUA PRODUÇÃO
Authors: Caim Fábio
Published: January 2020

IMAGENS DA MDIA: UMA ABORDAGEM SEMITICA DA SUA PRODUO
A RETRADUÇÃO EM PORTUGUÊS DE NEUROMANCER, O LIVRO QUE INSPIROU A TRILOGIA MATRIX.
Authors: Fusaro Márcia Do Carmo Felismino
Published: January 2020

A RETRADUO EM PORTUGUS DE NEUROMANCER, O LIVRO QUE INSPIROU A TRILOGIA MATRIX.
O ESTADO BRASILEIRO E A INTERFERÂNCIA NA CRIAÇÃO MUSICAL: A ATUAÇÃO DO DEPARTAMENTO DE IMPRENSA E PROPAGANDA (DIP)
Authors: Santos José Farias dos
Published: January 2020

O ESTADO BRASILEIRO E A INTERFERNCIA NA CRIAO MUSICAL: A ATUAO DO DEPARTAMENTO DE IMPRENSA E PROPAGANDA (DIP)