bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores de risco da leucemia viral felina em São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Jorge Juliana Junqueira , Ferreira Fernando , Hagiwara Mitika Kuribayashi
Published: June 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de identificar os fatores de risco para a leucemia viral felina (FeLV) em uma amostragem de 812 gatos da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Informações sobre idade, sexo, acesso à rua, estado reprodutivo, origem e número de contactantes foram obtidos para cada animal. Teste de imunofluorescência direto para a pesquisa de antígeno viral em esfregaço de sangue periférico foi utilizado para a identificação dos felinos infectados. Foram encontrados 51 gatos (6,2%) positivos para a infecção. Os fatores de risco identificados foram "acesso a rua" (OR = 47,2; p < 0,001), "ter sido resgatado da rua" (OR = 3,221; p = 0,008) e "ter idade entre 3 e 6 anos" (OR = 3,046; p = 0,009), sendo o "livre acesso à rua" o fator de risco mais importante. Foi elaborado um modelo preditivo para a infecção pelo FeLV, baseando-se nos resultados da análise multivariada. Gatos com acesso livre à rua apresentam 18% mais chances de se infectarem e se estiverem na faixa etária entre 3 e 6 anos de idade o risco aumenta para 34%. Se o gato estiver exposto aos três fatores de risco, a probabilidade de infecção é ainda mais alta, de 63%. Quando analisados em conjunto ou como fatores de risco isolados, a idade e o fato de "ter sido resgatado da rua" possuem menor impacto na disseminação de FeLV, já que a probabilidade de infecção para os gatos expostos a cada um desses fatores é de 1% e de 4%, respectivamente. Assim, o acesso livre a rua e ter sido resgatado da rua foram os fatores de risco mais importantes associados com a infecção pelo FeLV na cidade de São Paulo e devem ser levados em consideração na profilaxia da leucemia viral felina.
Avaliação ultrassonográfica torácica em cães com efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica
Authors: Sarraff-Lopes Ana Paula , Larsson Maria Helena Matiko Akao
Published: June 2016

Com o objetivo de avaliar a ultrassonografia torácica (incluindo a ecocardiografia) como método de exame complementar em pacientes portadores de efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica, realizou-se a ultrassonografia torácica em 30 cães, machos e fêmeas de raças e idades variadas. Animais atendidos nos serviços de Pronto-Atendimento, Clínica Médica ou Clínica Cirúrgica do HOVET/USP com efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica, detectadas por meio de exame radiográfico, ultrassonografia emergencial ou toracocentese exploratória foram incluídos no estudo. Observou-se efusão pleural em 12 cães (40%), efusão pericárdica em oito (26,66%) e efusão pleural e pericárdica em outros dez cães (33,33%). A causa da efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica foram avaliadas ultrassonograficamente como sendo: nódulo/tumor cardíaco (5 - 16,66%), nódulo/tumor intratorácico (5 - 16,66%), insuficiência cardíaca congestiva por cardiomiopatia dilatada (4 - 13,33%) ou endocardiose de mitral e tricúspide (3 - 10%), efusão pericárdica idiopática (3 - 10%), linfossarcoma (2 - 6,66%), piotórax (2 - 6,66%), ruptura diafragmática (1 - 3,33%), hérnia peritônio-pericárdica (1 -3,33%), pneumonia e pleurite (1 - 3,33%), tumor de ovário com metástases torácicas (1 - 3,33%), pericardite infecciosa (cinomose) (1 - 3,33%) e hipoalbuminemia (1 - 3,33%). Concluiu-se que a ultrassonografia torácica demonstrou ser um excelente método diagnóstico auxiliar nos casos de efusão pleural e / ou pericárdica, além de ser não invasivo e seguro para o paciente, permitindo guiar punções com segurança e realizar o exame em diferentes decúbitos, evitando assim o estresse do paciente.
Fontes proteicas e idades de abate sobre a estrutura e ultraestrutura do intestino delgado de leitões desmamados
Authors: Thomaz Maria Cristina , Silveira Antonio Carlos , Kronka Rodolfo Nascimento , Nakaghi Laura Satiko Okada , Budiño Fábio Enrique Lemos
Published: June 2016

Foram realizados dois experimentos (experimento 1 - alimentação convencional e experimento 2 - alimentação das matrizes, a partir de 109 dias de gestação, na lactação e dos leitões lactentes com ração sem farelo de soja), com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de fontes proteicas (farelo de soja - FS, soja semi-integral extrusada - SSIE e produtos lácteos - PL) sobre a morfologia intestinal de leitões abatidos aos 0,5 e 15 dias após a desmama. Foram utilizados 27 leitões, desmamados aos 25 dias de idade, sendo que em cada idade, nove leitões foram abatidos. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 (três dietas x três idades de abate). Os resultados demonstraram que os animais recebendo FS apresentaram menores alturas das vilosidades e relação vilosidade:cripta, quando comparados àqueles que receberam SSIE ou PL, não havendo, entretanto, diferenças entre estes. A altura da vilosidade e a relação vilosidade:cripta não foram afetadas pela alimentação diferenciada das matrizes e dos leitões antes da desmama. A profundidade das criptas não foi afetada pelas dietas ou idades de abate, dentro de cada experimento, em nenhum dos segmentos estudados, sendo, no entanto, menor no duodeno e maior no jejuno e íleo dos animais do exp. 2, quando comparados àqueles do exp. 1. Concluiu-se que o FS afetou negativamente a altura das vilosidades e a relação vilosidade:cripta após a desmama; que a morfologia intestinal foi mais afetada aos cinco dias, mostrando sinais de recuperação aos 15 dias após a desmama e que a alimentação das matrizes não afetou a morfologia dos segmentos do intestino delgado.
Ocorrência de neoplasias em 15 anos de atendimento hospitalar de equídeos
Authors: Baccarin Raquel Yvonne Arantes , Silva Luís Cláudio Lopes Correia da , Belli Carla Bargi , Fernandes Wilson Roberto , Zoppa André Luis do Valle De
Published: June 2016

Apesar de vários estudos fornecerem informações sobre a incidência de neoplasias em equinos, há grande variação na distribuição, em decorrência de diferenças regionais, como clima e população racial. Foram analisados 133 casos de neoplasias dentre os 6669 equídeos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, durante um período de 15 anos, representando 2% do total de atendimentos. A neoplasia mais frequente foi o carcinoma de células escamosas (45%), diferindo da maioria dos estudos realizados mundialmente. No sistema tegumentar, a neoplasia mais comum foi o melanoma (34,2%); nos sistemas ocular e urogenital, foi o carcinoma de células escamosas (76,9% e 40,9% respectivamente). Em 68% dos casos foi realizado tratamento cirúrgico, em 10%, tratamento clínico e em 22%, nenhum tipo de tratamento, por opção do proprietário ou indicação de eutanásia. Óbitos por causas relacionadas às neoplasias ocorreram em 14% dos casos. Os achados sugerem que o carcinoma de células escamosas ocorre mais frequentemente em nosso atendimento hospitalar. Este fato pode estar relacionado à exposição prolongada à luz ultravioleta, cuja quantidade de radiação em regiões tropicais vem aumentando consideravelmente nas últimas décadas.
Avaliação clínica do uso de solução salina hipertônica no tratamento da acidose láctica ruminal aguda em bovinos
Authors: Rodrigues Frederico Augusto Mazzocca Lopes , Minervino Antonio Humberto Hamad , Barrêto Júnior Raimundo Alves , Antonelli Alexandre Coutinho , Reis Leonardo Frasson dos , Araújo Carolina Akiko Sato Cabral , Ferreira Rodrigo Nogueira Fernades , Vechiato Thales Dos Anjos Faria , Mori Clara Satisuki , Ortolani Enrico Lippi
Published: June 2016

A infusão de solução salina hipertônica (SSH) é um importante tratamento em animais com choque hipovolêmico. Bovinos com acidose láctica ruminal aguda (ALRA) frequentemente apresentam quadros de desidratação. Este trabalho avaliou a eficiência do tratamento da ALRA com SSH. Foram empregados 12 bovinos machos, mestiços com um ano de idade. Após implantação de cânula ruminal e período de adaptação alimentar os animais foram submetidos à indução de ALRA por meio de administração de sacarose no rúmen. Após 20 horas da indução, os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos. Um deles (SSH) foi tratado na 20ª h com 5 mL/kg P.V. de uma solução de SSH (7,5 % NaCl), dentro de 15 min, e em seguida 20 mL/kg/P.V. de solução salina isotônica (SSI), no decorrer dos próximos 165 minutos. O outro grupo (SSI) foi medicado da mesma forma, com exceção da SSH que foi substituído por 5 mL/kg PV de SSI. Cinco litros de conteúdo ruminal foram retirados, sendo repostos com cinco litros de água em ambos os grupos. Variáveis foram mensuradas no momento 0 (MO), na 20ª h (M20h) e no decorrer dos tratamentos (M30', M60', M120' e M180'). O uso de SSH provocou, nos primeiros 30 minutos, uma ligeira acidemia, acompanhada de discreta hipercapnia, contudo sem provocar efeitos colaterais. A infusão de SSH provocou uma queda no volume globular, confirmando a migração de fluidos do rúmen para a circulação, corrigindo parcialmente a desidratação. Assim, o uso de SSH é uma possibilidade de tratamento adicional da desidratação provocada pela ALRA.
Análise da textura de músculos peitorais submetidos à fixação e conservação em álcool
Authors: Nunes Teresa Chorense , Oliveira Fabrício Singaretti de , Gamón Thaís Helena Martins , Guastalli Bruno Henrique Lopes , Carmo Lígia Grisólia do , Quiqui Erci Marcos Del
Published: June 2016

A textura, ou maciez, pode ser avaliada pela mensuração da força necessária para ocorrer o cisalhamento das fibras musculares. Objetivou-se, nesse trabalho, a análise da textura de músculos submetidos à fixação e conservação em álcool, ao longo de um ano, mediante uso de um aparelho analisador de textura. Foram utilizados 48 peitos de frangos jovens, pesados, fixados e conservados em álcool etílico 96º GL. As análises foram realizadas após 15, 30, 90, 180 e 360 dias de conservação, além do grupo controle de músculos frescos. Os valores da força de cisalhamento dos diferentes grupos aumentaram progressivamente de 3,38 (grupo controle) até 15,31 Kgf (180 dias), caindo para 9,53 Kgf após 360 dias. Concluiu-se que quando músculos são submetidos à fixação e conservação em álcool 96º GL, ocorre diminuição da maciez, tornando-os quase cinco vezes mais rígidos ao corte após seis meses, e três vezes mais rígidos após um ano. Sugere-se que a dissecção de peças anatômicas musculares ocorra até 90 dias após fixação e conservação em álcool 96º GL ou ao redor de um ano nesse agente conservante, pois há menor rigidez tissular nesses períodos. Embora se tenha estudado o efeito do álcool na textura de tecido muscular de aves, acredita-se que, devido à grande homogeneidade tissular neste caso, tais dados possam ser extrapolados ou servir de base para estudos similares em outras espécies.
Determinação da densidade mineral e da elasticidade óssea após a aplicação de ondas de choque extracorpóreas no terceiro metacarpiano de equinos atletas
Authors: Pyles Marcelo Damas , Fonseca Brunna Patrícia Almeida da , Machado Vânia Maria Vasconcelos , Yamada Ana Lúcia Miluzzi , Alves Ana Liz Garcia
Published: June 2016

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de ondas de choque extracorpóreas (ESWT) no terceiro metacarpiano de equinos hígidos através da determinação da elasticidade óssea. Foram utilizados 20 equinos Puro Sangue Inglês, machos e fêmeas, com dois anos de idade, em início de treinamento e selecionados quanto ao estado de higidez. No início do experimento (D0), todos os animais foram submetidos à avaliação da elasticidade óssea do terceiro metacarpiano. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos (Grupo Controle - GC e Grupo Experimental - GE). A aplicação das ESWT foi realizada no membro torácico direito dos animais do GE, na região coincidente à da avaliação da elasticidade óssea. Foi utilizado aparelho para terapia de ondas extracorpóreas com densidade de fluxo de energia de 0,15mJ/mm² e 2000 pulsos com probe E6R20, com característica do foco da onda de choque de 20 mm. A ESWT foi repetida a cada 21 dias totalizando três sessões (D0, D21 e D42). A análise da determinação da elasticidade óssea foi realizada no D0, D21, D42 e D72. A média da velocidade ultrassonográfica diferiu entre os grupos no D21, D42 e D72, sendo que os animais do GE apresentaram menor densidade mineral óssea após as aplicações das ESWT. Houve igualmente, diferença na massa óssea entre os grupos no D21 e D42, parâmetro onde os animais do GE apresentaram diminuição significativa da massa óssea. O risco de fratura apresentou-se maior nos animais do GE no D21. Concluiu-se que, a ESWT é capaz de promover alteração da densidade mineral óssea.
Adverse Impact of Sleep Restriction and Circadian Misalignment on Autonomic Function in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Grimaldi Daniela , Carter Jason R. , Van Cauter Eve , Leproult Rachel
Published: June 2016

Insufficient sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances have been each associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in epidemiological studies, but experimental evidence for a causal link is scarce. The present study compares the impact of circadian misalignment (CM) to circadian alignment (CA) on human autonomic function using a nonrandomized parallel group design to achieve the same total sleep time in both conditions. After baseline assessments (3 days with 10-hour bedtimes), 26 healthy young adults were assigned to sleep restriction (SR; eight 5-hour bedtimes) with either fixed nocturnal bedtimes (CA; n=13) or bedtimes delayed by 8.5 hours on 4 of the 8 days (CM; n=13). Daytime ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate (HR; CA, n=11; CM, n=10) and 24-hour urinary norepinephrine levels (CA, n=13; CM, n=13) were assessed at baseline and the end of SR. Nocturnal HR and HR variability were analyzed during sleep at baseline and during the fourth and seventh nights of SR (CA, n=8; CM, n=12). SR resulted in a significant increase in daytime HR in both groups, without changes in blood pressure. SR increased 24-hour urinary norepinephrine in the CM group (30±4 versus 21±2 μg), but not in the circadian alignment group (group×condition,
P
=0.005). In contrast to the lack of detectable impact of CM on daytime autonomic function, SR with CM elicited greater increases in nocturnal HR, as well as greater reductions in vagal indices of HR variability, than SR without CM (group×condition,
P
<0.05). In conclusion, SR and CM both result in impaired autonomic function that could lead, under chronic conditions, to enhanced cardiovascular risk.
Efficacy of Servo-Controlled Splanchnic Venous Compression in the Treatment of Orthostatic Hypotension
Authors: Okamoto Luis E. , Diedrich André , Baudenbacher Franz J. , Harder René , Whitfield Jonathan S. , Iqbal Fahad , Gamboa Alfredo , Shibao Cyndya A. , Black Bonnie K. , Raj Satish R. , Robertson David , Biaggioni Italo
Published: June 2016

Splanchnic venous pooling is a major hemodynamic determinant of orthostatic hypotension, but is not specifically targeted by pressor agents, the mainstay of treatment. We developed an automated inflatable abdominal binder that provides sustained servo-controlled venous compression (40 mm Hg) and can be activated only on standing. We tested the efficacy of this device against placebo and compared it to midodrine in 19 autonomic failure patients randomized to receive either placebo, midodrine (2.5–10 mg), or placebo combined with binder on separate days in a single-blind, crossover study. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured seated and standing before and 1-hour post medication; the binder was inflated immediately before standing. Only midodrine increased seated SBP (31±5 versus 9±4 placebo and 7±5 binder,
P
=0.003), whereas orthostatic tolerance (defined as area under the curve of upright SBP [AUC
SBP
]) improved similarly with binder and midodrine (AUC
SBP
, 195±35 and 197±41 versus 19±38 mm Hg×minute for placebo;
P
=0.003). Orthostatic symptom burden decreased with the binder (from 21.9±3.6 to 16.3±3.1,
P
=0.032) and midodrine (from 25.6±3.4 to 14.2±3.3,
P
<0.001), but not with placebo (from 19.6±3.5 to 20.1±3.3,
P
=0.756). We also compared the combination of midodrine and binder with midodrine alone. The combination produced a greater increase in orthostatic tolerance (AUC
SBP
, 326±65 versus 140±53 mm Hg×minute for midodrine alone;
P
=0.028, n=21) and decreased orthostatic symptoms (from 21.8±3.2 to 12.9±2.9,
P
<0.001). In conclusion, servo-controlled abdominal venous compression with an automated inflatable binder is as effective as midodrine, the standard of care, in the management of orthostatic hypotension. Combining both therapies produces greater improvement in orthostatic tolerance.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00223691.
Public Theology and Empirical Research: Developing an Agenda
Authors: Cartledge Mark J.
Published: June 2016

This article asks to what extent primary empirical research has so far informed the discourse of public theology in practice, despite some positive comments about its usefulness in theory. A review of the literature in the field with a focus on articles published in the International Journal of Public Theology reveals that only a small number of articles have drawn from primary empirical research data, that is, gathered by the authors themselves. There is some evidence of secondary research data being used more extensively. This study explores how the authors gathered primary empirical data and how they related that data to the themes under investigation. The theological character of this research is discussed and a number of weaknesses are identified. In response, a number of points are made that indicate how empirical data might develop an existing agenda and advance the methodology of public theology.
Oil Dependence and Climate Change: Public Theology in Norway
Authors: Fretheim Kjetil
Published: June 2016

Petroleum production and consumption are not only a source of wealth and welfare, but also a root cause of contemporary climate change. This article deals with the cultural role of petroleum in contemporary globalized societies and how public theology can address the relationship between oil and climate change. I will examine how the Church of Norway is responding to Norwegian petroleum production and climate change and how the church understands the cultural role of petroleum production. I also discuss the moral, political and ecological challenges that follow from petroleum production and consumption and the kind of policy measures the Church of Norway advocates in response to these challenges. Finally, I reflect on the implications of this specific example to the field of public theology.
Prison and the Bible: Current Practices and Reflections from Isaiah
Authors: Jones E. Allen , Scharn Alan
Published: June 2016

There is wide agreement today that our prison system is fraught with problems. Opinion associates prisons with overcrowding, racism, human debasement, and with an inability to accomplish the reduction of crime. Further, there is also a partial antipathy ascribed to the general populace. Practically, citizens want governmental systems to provide for our security. Ideologically, there is a sense that leniency is foolhardy. However, as religious communities often equate crime with sin writ large, there is also a need to pursue wholeness in society. One way to do this is by reflecting on how punishment, prison in this case, can relate to restoration. This essay proceeds by examining the idea of imprisonment from two perspectives: by considering the history of prisons and current practices in the state of Oregon, and from the perspective of biblical literature. Thoughts on how a biblical perspective can engage culture follow this analysis.
The Qurʾānic Cosmology, as an Identity in Itself
Authors: Tabatabaʾi Mohammad Ali , Mirsadri Saida
Published: June 2016

The main purpose of this article is to depict the cosmos according to the plain text of the Qurʾān, as its contemporary interlocutor would understand it. To reach this goal we relied mostly on the literary meaning of the qurʾānic descriptions of the celestial and terrestrial elements, along with a glance at the other preceding and/or contemporary cosmologies. It is, therefore, a comparative study which ends up in a thorough picture of the cosmos according to the text of the Qurʾān commensurable with other ancient cosmologies, namely the Babylonian and biblical ones. The most significant outcome of this article is to cast doubt on the prevalent supposition that the qurʾānic cosmology is nothing more than a cento of the preceding cultures, civilizations or religions. It would claim that the Qurʾān has rather had an active and dialectic interaction with every major or minor cosmological idea of its time. Especially in a case study on the shape of the qurʾānic firmament, it will be shown how the historical circumstances, linguistic matters, and ideological issues influenced the qurʾānic perception of the world and/or its selective manner in gleaning the preceding ideas.

Le principal objectif de cet article est de dépeindre le cosmos selon le texte du Coran, comme le lectorat de son époque pouvait le comprendre. Pour atteindre ce but, nous nous reposons principalement sur le sens littéral des descriptions coraniques des éléments célestes et terrestres, avec un regard sur les autres cosmologies précédentes ou de la même époque. Il s’agit donc d’une étude comparative qui s’achève avec une description minutieuse du cosmos selon le texte du Coran, comparable à d’autres cosmologies antiques, notament celles de Babylone et de la Bible. Le résultat le plus significatif de cet article est de remettre en cause le présupposé dominant selon lequel la cosmologie coranique n’est rien de plus qu’un composé des précédentes cultures, civilisations ou religions. Ainsi, on pourrait affirmer que le Coran a plutôt eu une interaction active et dialectique avec chaque conception cosmologique majeure ou mineure de son temps. En particulier dans l’étude de l’apparence du firmament coranique, il sera montré comment le contexte historique, des questions linguistiques et des problèmes idéologiques influencèrent la perception coranique du monde et sa manière sélective de puiser dans les idées précédentes.

This article is in French
Modernity and Revolution in Eastern Asia: Chinese Socialism in Regional Perspective (東亞的現代性和革命: 區域觀點下的中國社會主義)
Authors: Dirlik Arif
Published: June 2016

The article discusses possibilities offered by a regional perspective for a more comprehensive understanding of the rise and fall of socialism in Eastern Asia. It suggests that a regional perspective brings into view interactions among radicals that are absent from or marginal to nationally based accounts. A regional approach requires attention to region-formation itself as a problem. Regions are not just physical entities that are given but are themselves subject to ongoing construction and reconstruction. The discussion elaborates on this question by way of conclusion, and suggests that the anthropological concept of “ecumene” may serve to articulate a conception of the region that recognizes cultural commonalities while also allowing recognition of differences. Radical interactions in Eastern Asia were part of the modern constructions of an Eastern Asian region, which in the usage here encompasses both the East and Southeast Asian regions of post-World War ii geopolitical conceptions of the area, that also have served as the basis for area studies divisions of labor since then. (This article is in English.)

本文以區域觀點來對社會主義在東亞的興衰這一課題進行更為全面的討論。文中指出，區域觀點能呈現激進分子之間的互動，而這個課題是在以國家為基礎的討論裡被忽略或被邊緣化的。區域觀點注意到區域形成本身即是一個命題。區域並不單只是既存的物理實體，區域是處在正在建構及重構的狀態。本文在結論裡探討了這個問題，並提出以人類學概念裡的“ecumene”(或作「人寰」或「人居領地」;在本文特指密集的俗世文化互動空間)來理解文化之間相互流通卻又各自保持彼此之間的歧異。激進者在東亞的互動是東亞區域現代建構的一環──二次大戰後東亞和東南亞兩地從而被涵括在同一地緣政治概念下的區域。而這也是至今地域研究裡區分門別類的基礎。
The Ethnic Chinese in Korea and in the Philippines: An Exploratory Study (韓國及菲律賓華人:探索性比較研究)
Authors: See (洪玉華) Teresita Ang
Published: June 2016

The paper compares the impact of the social and historical experiences of the Chinese in the Philippines with those of the Chinese in Korea. Both went through periods of social, political, and economic discrimination. It explores possible explanation on why the Chinese-Filipino community has prominent business magnates among them not found among Chinese Koreans. The parallels in their historical narratives had disparate impact: the Chinese in Korea lived an isolated life apart from the mainstream Korean society while the Chinese in the Philippines became well integrated into Philippine society.

While there are other important factors that helped spawn economic success of Chinese Filipinos, the paper posits that the successful integration of the Chinese Filipinos into mainstream society is the most significant factor. In contrast, the lack of opportunities for socio-cultural interaction, the isolation and lack of integration hindered the economic success of the Chinese Koreans. (This article is in English.)

本篇論文對菲律賓華人及韓國華人的社會及歷史經驗所受到的衝擊進行比較。兩者都經歷了被社會、政治及經濟歧視的時代。本篇論文也探索了為何菲律賓華人社區出現許多著名商業巨賈，但韓國華人卻沒有。雖然兩國的歷史極其相似，但有著截然不同的影響：在韓國的華人，遠離韓國主流社會，過著孤立的生活，而菲律賓華人非常順利地融入菲律賓社會。

雖然菲律賓華人取得經濟上的成功，還有其他重要因素，本篇論文斷定，菲律賓華人成功融入主流社會，是最主要的關鍵。相反的，缺乏社會文化交流，孤立及未能融入社會，給韓國華人的經濟成功帶來阻礙。
The Remigration of Ethnic Chinese in Korea to the u.s. and Their Floating Ethnic Identity (在韓華僑赴美國的再移民及他們漂移的族群認同)
Authors: Ahn (安秉馹) Byungil
Published: June 2016

This study focuses on the meiguo hanhua (美國韓華), ethnic Chinese immigrants from Korea who migrated to the u.s., and their ethnic identities, in particular, on how they evolved into meiguo hanhua, a new sub-ethnic group of Chinese, instead of identifying themselves simply as Chinese Americans. By employing the concept of a floating ethnic identity, this study illustrates the specific historical circumstances and situations in which meiguo hanhua ethnic identities were formed, molded and redefined. It especially concerns how such identities continually adopt, struggle, and negotiate within changing global environments such as the rise of the Chinese economy and the Taiwanization of the Republic of China as well as their personal concerns such as aging and emotional attachment to Shandong province, their imagined homeland. (This article is in English.)

本文探討「美國韓華」這一族群認同（ethnic identities）所形成的歷史環境與背景。「美國韓華」指的是移民到美國的韓國華僑。從1975 到1985年之間，有 一萬四千名韓國華僑移民到美國，相當於旅韓華僑的三分之一。目前居住在美國的韓國出身的華僑人口有兩萬人。當他們在韓國被當地政府與社會的壓迫時，仍保持自己的華人身份。移民美國以後，主要來自山東的韓國華僑無法在美國華人既有的廣東系、福建系等的認同結構下找到位置，他們因此發展出自成一格的族群認同。這個族群認同並不是固定的，而是隨著國際環境的變化與個人經濟利益的考量，而在美國人、中國人、韓國人甚至是臺灣人這幾個不同的身份之間擺蕩。本文因此提出「漂移的族群認同」這一概念，來探討具體的環境和歷史條件如何影響他們在這些族群身份上的選擇和調整。
The Economic Activities of the Ethnic Chinese in Incheon in the mid-1930s: Findings from the dcai Archives (20世紀30年代中期仁川華僑的經濟活動—以仁川華僑協會所藏資料為中心)
Authors: Yi (李正熙) Junghee , Song (宋承錫) Seungsuk
Published: June 2016

This article examines the ‘Documents owned by the Ethnic Chinese Association of Incheon’ (hereafter: dcai) and looks which light these shed on the economic activities of the ethnic Chinese in Incheon in the mid-1930s. The dcai materials provide important insights into the economic structure and into the activities in which the ethnic Chinese were involved in Incheon during the 1930s. I have reviewed the economic roles played by the ethnic Chinese residents of Incheon in the mid-1930s by using dcai materials. Previous studies have revealed that the economic activities of the ethnic Chinese in Korea in the 1930s diminished, and imports from China decreased as a result of the anti-Chinese riots, which occurred in July 1931. In this paper, I have shown that the ethnic Chinese in Incheon were no exception. The amount of remittances that Chinese merchants sent back to China decreased considerably, and import goods from China, particularly from Shanghai, also went through a sudden decrease. Consequently, the ethnic Chinese representative commercial firms went bankrupt in succession. (This article is in English.)

本文探討了仁川華僑協會所藏的資料，分析了20世紀30年代中期仁川華僑的經濟活動。該資料總結硏討了30年代仁川華僑的經濟構造和經濟活動，作爲極有價値的原始資料得到了很高的評價。本文首先利用該資料對30年代中期各行業的仁川華僑在經濟上的作用進行了分析。先行硏究的結果已表明，30年代朝鮮華僑的貿易與商業活動由于1931年的排華事件而大爲減少，本次硏究結果證明仁川華僑也不例外。仁川華僑的對中滙款額和進口額急据地縮減，因此仁川華僑企業總數也急据地減少。
Taxonomic revision of the southern African genus Pachyphymus Uvarov, 1922 (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Euryphyminae)
Authors: BAZELET CORINNA S. , NASKRECKI PIOTR
Published: June 2016

The southern African endemic genus, Pachyphymus Uvarov, 1922 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Euryphyminae), is the only genus in the Euryphyminae subfamily with enlarged and hump-shaped pronotal crests. Here, we redescribe two species using newly evaluated diagnostic characters: P. carinatus Dirsh, 1956 and P. cristulifer (Serville, 1838); and describe two new species: P. samwaysi n. sp. and P. namaquensis n. sp. Of the 23 genera of Euryphyminae, Pachyphymus is arguably the most morphologically distinct. However, the species of Pachyphymus, like those of the other Euryphyminae, are difficult to distinguish morphologically because of a high degree of intraspecific variation. Height and shape of the pronotal crests and rugosity of the pronotum were previously considered diagnostic but are strongly variable within species. Degree of infumation of the hind wing is strongly conserved and is the single best diagnostic character in most cases. However, one population of P. cristulifer, which is isolated from the mainland population by a mountain range, shows very little conservation in this character. Additionally, one population of P. namaquensis and one population of P. cristulifer, both from outlying regions of their geographic range have intermediate wing infumation as well as other morphological characters. This may indicate recent or ongoing hybridization or divergence of the geographically overlapping species. This study emphasizes the need for molecular analysis to complement detailed morphological diagnosis of the species of Euryphyminae, a notoriously under-studied and taxonomically problematic group.
A new Leptolalax from the mountains of Sabah, Borneo (Amphibia, Anura, Megophryidae)
Authors: MATSUI MASAFUMI , NISHIKAWA KANTO , YAMBUN PAUL
Published: June 2016

A new species of Leptolalax is described from Kinabalu National Park in western Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. The new species had been assigned to L. dringi, L. gracilis, or L. fritinniens in the past. It differs from all congeners, including these species, by a unique combination of morphological characters, including small body size, rounded snout, narrower interorbital than upper eyelid, basal toe webbing, smooth skin with tiny tubercles on dorsum and dorsal side of head, small pectoral glands, absence of supraaxillary glands and ventrolateral glandular ridges, spotted venter, advertisement call consisting of long series of 1–149 notes, each composed of three or four pulses, and dominant frequency at 6.90–7.35 kHz, without prominent frequency modulation.
A new species of pine anole from the Sierra Madre del Sur in Oaxaca, Mexico (Reptilia, Squamata, Dactyloidae: Anolis)
Authors: KÖHLER GUNTHER , PÉREZ RAÚL GÓMEZ TREJO , PETERSEN CLAUS BO P. , CRUZ FAUSTO R. MENDEZ DE LA
Published: June 2016

We describe the new species Anolis peucephilus sp. nov. from the Pacific versant of southern Mexico. Anolis peucephilus differs from all congeners by having a combination of (1) smooth ventral scales; (2) usually a patch of three greatly enlarged supraocular scales; (3) extremely short hind legs, longest toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to a point between levels of axilla and ear opening, ratio shank length/snout-vent length 0.18–0.21; (4) circumnasal usually in contact with first supralabial; and (5) a large yellowish orange dewlap in males and a very small to small white dewlap in females. In external morphology, A. peucephilus is most similar to A. omiltemanus from which it differs by having even shorter hind legs with the longest toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to a point between levels of axilla and ear opening (versus usually to ear opening, occasionally to slightly beyond ear opening or to a point between shoulder and ear opening in A. omiltemanus), a slightly larger dewlap in females, to 64 mm2 (versus to 41 mm2  in A. omiltemanus), the circumnasal usually in contact with the first supralabial (versus those scales separated by the presence of a subnasal in A. omiltemanus), and 4–6 internasal scales in the new species (versus usually 6–7 in A. omiltemanus). Furthermore, A. peucephilus differs from A. omiltemanus in hemipenial morphology (no finger-like processus on asulcate side in A. peucephilus versus such a processus present in A. omiltemanus). Also, in a preliminary molecular genetic analysis of the mitochondrial CO1 gene fragment, A. peucephilus has a genetic distance of 11.5% from A. omiltemanus. Anolis peucephilus was collected at night while the lizards were sleeping in pine trees, 2–10 m above the ground.
Neotropical genera of Naucoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha): New species of Placomerus and Procryphocricos from Guyana and Venezuela
Authors: SITES ROBERT W. , CAMACHO JESÚS
Published: June 2016

The Neotropical fauna of saucer bugs (Naucoridae) currently includes four monotypic genera. Recent extensive collecting in Venezuela has produced three new species in two of these genera. In addition, undetermined Guyanan specimens of one of the new species were found in the United States National Museum of Natural History. Thus, described here are Placomerus obscuratus n. sp. from Guyana and Venezuela with brachypterous and macropterous hindwing forms, and two species of Procryphocricos from Venezuela. Procryphocricos quiu n. sp. is described from the brachypterous forewing form and Procryphocricos macoita n. sp. from both brachypterous and macropterous forms. Previously described species also are discussed.
New taxa and arrangements within the family Latrunculiidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)
Authors: KELLY MICHELLE , SIM-SMITH CARINA , STONE ROBERT , SAMAAI TOUFIEK , REISWIG HENRY , AUSTIN WILLIAM
Published: June 2016

Extensive new collections of latrunculid sponges from British Columbia, the Aleutian Islands, and the Gulf of Alaska, have extended the distributions of known species Latrunculia oparinae Samaai & Krasokhin, 2002, from the Russian Sea of Okhotsk, L. velera Lehnert et al., 2006, from the Aleutian Islands, and L. austini Samaai et al., 2006, from British Columbia. New material has facilitated detailed re-descriptions of these species and in situ images have improved our understanding of their living morphology and ecology. Several new species of Latrunculia were discovered within these collections: sympatric species Latrunculia hamanni sp. nov. and L. oparinae are described here and differentiated from each other by various field characteristics, and L. lincfreesei sp. nov. is described from the Gulf of Alaska. In terms of their higher systematics, L. austini and L. hamanni sp. nov. are recognisable within the subgenus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869, and L. lincfreesei sp. nov. in subgenus Biannulata Samaai et al., 2006. A third subgenus, Uniannulata subgen. nov., is proposed for L. oparinae, L. velera and several fossil species in southern New Zealand and Western Australian Eocene fossiliferous sediments. In all of these species the subsidiary whorl, apical whorl, and apex of the anisodiscorhabd are fused. Living species of Uniannulata subgen. nov. are thus far restricted to the North Pacific Ocean. A new genus, Bomba gen. nov., is proposed for a rare latrunculid species, Bomba endeavourensis gen. et sp. nov., discovered in deep waters on British Columbia’s Endeavour Ridge. Finally, Latrunclava gen. nov. is proposed for species with long, sceptre-like anisoconicorhabds in addition to the typical, smaller anisodiscorhabds; Latrunclava imago gen. et sp. nov. is described from the central Aleutian Islands.
A redescription of Protolimnesia longa Besch, 1963 from Bolivia, with the first description of the female (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Limnesiidae)
Authors: PEŠIĆ VLADIMIR , SMIT HARRY , DATRY THIBAULT
Published: June 2016

The water mite genus Protolimnesia Lundblad, 1927 is distributed in South and Central America, the Caribbean (Haiti) and southern parts of the USA (Goldschmidt 2004). One odd record is known from Oman (Smit & Pešić 2010). In addition to the nominate subgenus, the genus also includes Protolimnesella Cook, 1980 and Voldroguella Cook, 1981, typical inhabitants of interstitial habitats (Goldschmidt 2004). The nominate subgenus includes seven species and subspecies, most of them are stream-dwellers, but Protolimnesia longa Besch, 1963 appears to be a characteristic inhabitant of the interstitial of intermittent streams. This species was described by Besch (1963) based on a single male from the interstitial of a dry stream at 1200 m altitude in Argentina. Since then, no further records of this species were published. In the original description Besch (1963) illustrated only the ventral and dorsal side. Smit (2002) and Goldschmidt (2004) re-examined the holotype of P. longa deposited in the Viets Collection (SMF) and provided illustrations of the palp and ejaculatory complex, respectively. However, some important characteristics are neither given in the original description nor are visible in the type material. Smit (2002) mentioned that both fourth legs in the holotype slide are positioned in such a way that examination of the claws of IV-L-6 is not possible, Goldschmidt (2004) stated that the ejaculatory complex in the type is mounted laterally and most probably squashed.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Suicide
Authors: Tillman Jane G.
Published: June 2016

The intrapsychic mechanisms for the intergenerational transmission of suicide are not adequately theorized, though it is well known that a family history of suicide places survivors at increased risk for suicide. The suicide of a family member, particularly a parent, it is hypothesized, marks some survivors with a type of trauma associated with moral injury, which may produce an alteration in object relations with the emergence of what may be called a mysterious object. Under the press of these conditions, survivors may embark on what Apprey (2014) has termed an “urgent errand” in an effort to solve a problem in the anterior generation. Analysands with a history of familial suicide may bring symptoms of moral injury, a mysterious object relation, and a risk for suicide into the transference. The family history, life history, and literary work of the novelist Walker Percy, who had an extensive family history of suicide, provides evidence for the hypothesis linking moral injury, a mysterious object, and an urgent errand in such patients.
James Barr and the Future of Biblical Theology
Authors: Barton John
Published: June 2016

James Barr, one of the greatest biblical scholars of the twentieth century, also made significant contributions to the field of biblical theology by considering what biblical theology is and how it relates to the wider world of theology (dogmatic or systematic theology), philosophy, the other humanities, and even the sciences. For Barr, biblical theology should not be a confessional theology, but an attempt to capture the diverse theological ideas of the Bible read on its own terms. Barr’s ideal was that biblical scholars should take an interest in systematic theology, not in order to assimilate it, but so as to enable there to be a real interchange of ideas. Christian faith, Barr held, is not related primarily to a book, but to God and to Jesus.
Jewish Biblical Theology: An Ongoing Dialogue
Authors: Sweeney Marvin A.
Published: June 2016

This essay presents an introduction to the field of Jewish biblical theology. Following a brief survey of major works in the field, it treats a number of key issues: the need for Jewish biblical theology; the distinctive form of the Jewish Bible; constructive questions of G-d, covenant, the nation of Israel, and the conceptualization of the temple and the monarchy; and questions raised when the ideal conceptualization of these issues are challenged by destruction and exile. The relation of the Bible to subsequent Jewish tradition is a concern throughout. Altogether, the essay demonstrates the inherent dialogical character of Jewish biblical theology, both within the Bible itself and among its interpreters within the Jewish tradition.
Rediscovering Classism
Authors: Greenleaf Arie T. , Ratts Manivong J. , Song Samuel Y.
Published: June 2016

Humanistic psychology’s ontological and historical mission has been to assist people in pursuing their fullest potential. Yet the literature has shown that healthy human growth and development are severely constrained by economic injustice and its socioeconomic discourses and structures. Humanistic psychology and professional counseling have remained largely silent on issues of classism ignoring the economic realities of poverty on human potential. The purpose of the article is to help restore classism to the foreground of humanist priorities and concerns. Practical strategies to address economic injustices will be discussed.
Voices That Matter: Chief Administrative Officers’ Role in the Student Discipline Gap
Authors: Shabazian Ani N.
Published: June 2016

This study explores how community socioeconomic status (SES), geographical location, and administrator perspectives influence the implementation of exclusionary disciplinary policies. Using Geographical Information Systems mapping technology, in-depth interviewing, and document analysis, this study finds that schools located in high SES sectors have higher rates of exclusionary disciplinary practices, whereas schools located in low SES sectors have lower levels. The findings also indicate five normative values that influence leadership’s decisions to exclude students more frequently. These guiding belief systems include productive efficiency, equality versus equity, the potential of legal liability, prescribing to a cultural deficit ideology, and the notion of strict surveillance.
Use of the Monarch Room as an Alternative to Suspension in Addressing School Discipline Issues Among Court-Involved Youth
Authors: Baroni Beverly , Day Angelique , Somers Cheryl , Crosby Shantel , Pennefather Megan
Published: June 2016

Suspension is commonly used in schools, yet these practices can adversely affect students’ education well-being and do not improve student behavior. This study assesses the use of the Monarch Room (MR) intervention, a trauma-informed alternative to school discipline suspension policies, among 620 court-involved girls placed in residential care and enrolled in an urban-located public charter school. Teachers readily utilized the intervention as a first response to dealing with problematic behavior, and as a result, MR use significantly decreased reliance on suspension practices. Multiple stays in residential treatment and race were significant predictors of MR use.
The FRIENDS Cognitive Behavioral Program in Japanese schools: An examination of the treatment effects
Authors: Matsumoto Yuki , Shimizu Eiji
Published: June 2016

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for childhood anxiety is effective in schools; however, researchers have reported mixed results and expressed concerns regarding sociocultural differences in treating childhood anxiety. This study examined the efficacy of the FRIENDS program, which is a CBT program used at a universal school level. Students ( N = 154; 11- to 12-years-old) participated in either a program or waitlist condition and completed the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale at prior and subsequent to implementation of the program and during follow up. Results revealed a significant interaction between group and gender in the social phobia subscale and a significant main effect of gender in six subscales. The feasibility and limitations of universal CBT in a Japanese school setting are discussed.
From wage supplements to a ‘living wage’? A commentary on the problems of predistribution in Britain’s summer budget of 2015
Authors: Grover Chris
Published: June 2016

This commentary focuses upon two developments – cuts to wage supplements and an increase in the National Minimum Wage – announced in the first full Conservative government budget in Britain for 18 years. The commentary analyses these through the concept of predistribution and critiques of it. The commentary argues that the two developments can be understood as a weak version of predistribution that will reproduce and deepen class and gender inequalities because of their bases in retrenching collective provision for households living in wage poverty, while increasing the emphasis upon market mechanisms (wages) as the predominate means of supporting such households.
How the Language Style of Small-Claims Court Judges Does Ideological Work
Authors: Tracy Karen , Caron Mary
Published: June 2016

Small-claims courts were created to help ordinary people settle “small” disputes quickly and cheaply and were designed to be relatively informal. A consequence of the justice system’s commitment to informality is that small-claims trials exhibit significant variation. After overviewing the different ways language/discourse styles and ideology have been conceptualized, we provide background on small-claims court and describe the data. The centerpiece of this article is an analysis of three cases taken from judges in different small-claims courts. We show that judges vary in how they (a) open a trial and frame what they will be doing, (b) announce and justify their decision, and (c) question litigants and solicit their stories. In concluding, we suggest how the style manifested by a judge accomplishes ideological work, instantiating different understanding of justice and what a reasonable relationship between ordinary disputants and the state should be.
A single center’s conversion from roller pump to centrifugal pump technology in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Shade Brandon C. , Schiavo Kellie , Rosenthal Tami , Connelly James T , Melchior Richard W
Published: June 2016

Overview:

Recent advances in blood pump technology have led to an increased use of centrifugal pumps for prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Data from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization confirms that many institutions have converted to centrifugal pumps after prior experience with roller pump technology. Centrifugal pump technology is more compact and may generate less heat and hemolysis than a conventional roller pump. Based on the potential advantages of centrifugal pumps, a decision was made institution-wide to convert to centrifugal pump technology in pediatric implementation of ECMO. Based on limited prior experience with centrifugal pumps, a multidisciplinary approach was used to implement this new technology. The new centrifugal pump (Sorin Revolution, Arvada, CO) was intended for ECMO support in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU), the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Description:

The perfusion team used their knowledge and expertise with centrifugal pumps to create the necessary teaching tools and interactive training sessions for the technical specialists who consisted primarily of registered nurses and respiratory therapists. The first phase consisted of educating all personnel involved in the care of the ECMO patient, followed by patient implementation in the CICU, followed by the PICU and NICU.

Conclusion:

The institution-wide conversion took several months to complete and was well received among all disciplines in the CICU and PICU. The NICU personnel did use the centrifugal pump circuit, but decided to revert back to using the roller pump technology. A systematic transition from roller pump to centrifugal pump technology with a multidisciplinary team can ensure a safe and successful implementation.