bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LITERATURE REVIEW : PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI NAFAS TERHADAP PENURUNAN INTENSITAS NYERI PERSALINAN KALA 1
Authors: Pauziah Haifa Firizki Nur , Diyanah Kumalasari  , Ria Yulianti Triwahyuningsih
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Manajemen nyeri saat persalinan merupakan komponen penting dari asuhan kebidanan, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan ibu dan memfasilitasi pengalaman persalinan yang lebih optimal dan efisien. Nyeri persalinan dapat menimbulkan ketegangan, stres, ,kelelahan, yang dapat menghambat kemajuan proses persalinan dan meningkatkan kemungkinan komplikasi yang merugikan. Tujuan: Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terapi relaksasi napas memiliki pengaruh dalam mengurangi nyeri persalinan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literature/kajian pustaka, data diperoleh dari database yang berisi jurnal-jurnal yang diterbitkan melalui Google Scholar dan Pubmed dengan menggunakan kata kunci "Pengaruh Terapi Napas terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Persalinan". Jurnal yang dipilih adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan dalam 5 tahun terakhir (2020-2025). Pencarian awal pada basis data menghasilkan total 3.790 hasil, yang mana 30 jurnal dipilih oleh penulis. Hasil: Dari 30 jurnal yang dianalisis, semuanya menyatakan bahwa terapi relaksasi napas efektif dalam mengurangi intensitas nyeri pada kala I persalinan. Kesimpulan: Dari berbagai penelitian yang dianalisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik relaksasi napas tidak hanya membantu mengurangi nyeri, tetapi juga memberikan efek relaksasi dan mengurangi kecemasan pada ibu bersalin. Dengan demikian, terapi ini dapat direkomendasikan sebagai metode nonfarmakologis yang efektif dan aman dalam penanganan nyeri persalinan kala I.
Comportamento do consumidor de energia solar: há intenção de compra, mas empresas precisam “turbinar” o marketing
Authors: Filgueira Álvaro José de Araújo , Lima Afonso Carneiro
Published: February 2025

A energia solar fotovoltaica é uma promissora fonte de energia alternativa para o Brasil dada a sua viabilidade econômica e apelo sustentável. Mesmo assim, apesar dos altos níveis de irradiação solar e a localização privilegiada do Brasil, especialmente da Região Nordeste, tal potencial de geração de energia parece pouco aproveitado. Nesse sentido, por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva, buscou-se analisar a intenção de compra de sistemas fotovoltaicos para residências em Fortaleza (CE), uma das maiores cidades do País com potencial elevado para a geração de energia fotovoltaica. Mediante ferramentas estatísticas, o comportamento do consumidor foi estudado visando apontar caminhos para estimular a adesão a essa tecnologia, os quais possam alavancar vendas e instalações.
Terceirizar com responsabilidade: uma análise da eficiência da gestão de Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho em processos terceirizados
Authors: Tesche Ivan , Barreto José Renato Ferreira
Published: February 2025

A pesquisa buscou analisar a eficiência da gestão de Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho em processos terceirizados de uma empresa de construção do setor de transmissão de energia elétrica. Foi realizada uma análise documental seguida por uma série de entrevistas com gestores corporativos e de obra. Os resultados obtidos por meio desses processos mostraram a importância de um sistema de gestão bem estruturado por parte da contratante a fim de garantir a saúde e a segurança dos terceirizados, algo que pode impactar grandemente a produtividade e, consequentemente, a lucratividade da empresa.
Analysis of a Multi-year Teacher Professional Development: Perspectives from the Final Year
Authors: Perry Dustin K. , Smalley Scott W. , Pate Michael L. , Lawver Rebecca G.
Published: February 2025

Recognizing that the agriculture industry continues to have the highest worker fatality rate, a multi-year teacher professional development was conducted to improve teachers’ tractor and machinery safety knowledge. The purpose of this study was to analyze participant knowledge throughout the professional development to better understand the role of continued engagement. A total of 97 teachers participated in year five of the five-year training program. Participant gender identification was nearly equal in terms of male and female. Beginning (0-2 years of experience) and mid-career (3-5 years of experience) educators accounted for over 80% of participants, with most participating in the training program during multiple years. This program utilized the National Safe Tractor and Machinery Operations Program (NSTMOP) curriculum. The average post-test score was 39 out of 50. Second-year attendees recorded the lowest test score average, while fifth-year attendees recorded the highest. On the post-test, participants were asked what attracted them to return to the training experience. Almost one-third reported that curriculum obtainment was the primary attractor. This study has implications for professional development coordinators looking to implement safety education programs. Future research should focus on evaluating the implementation of safe tractor and machinery operations in participating teachers' classrooms.
Pembinaan Daily Bible Reading dan Membaca Indah Alkitab bagi Jemaat Ma’dong dan Jemaat Buntu Lepong, Gereja Toraja, Klasis Denpina
Authors: Sumiaty  , Serdianus
Published: February 2025

Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk membina jemaat dalam gerakan cinta membaca Alkitab/ daily bible reading dan membaca Alkitab dengan baik dan benar. Kegiatan pembinaan ini menggunakan pendekatan PAR (participatory action research) yaitu memberikan pembinaan mengenai daily bible reading dan praktik membaca Alkitab dengan baik dan benar. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Gereja Toraja, Klasis Denpina, Toraja Utara. Metode yang digunakan berupa ceramah dan praktik. Pemberian muatan materi dengan menjelaskan cara membaca daftar bacaan Alkitab kronologis dan menjelaskan pengertian, tujuan, syarat, dan aspek-aspek dalam membaca indah Alkitab. Menggunakan alat peraga yaitu daftar bacaan Alkitab kronologis dan cerita bergambar Alkitab. Pembinaan dilakukan melalui empat tahap yaitu: 1) Melakukan observasi ke jemaat, 2) Mempersiapkan materi dan bahan ajar, 3) Pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan 4) Monitoring. Hasil pelaksanaan pembinaan ini adalah respon jemaat yang begitu positif dalam memperhatikan materi yang diberikan oleh para tim pengabdi. Jemaat juga dapat mengetahui keuntungan dari membaca alkitab secara kronologis karena pembaca akan mendapatkan konteks sejarah yang melatarbelakangi dan menghubungkan catatan peristiwa, mazmur, nubuat, doa, surat, dan sebagainya dalam alkitab serta jemaat juga mampu mempraktikkan cara membaca Alkitab dengan baik dan benar sesuai dengan penjelasan dari para tim pengabdi.
Skrining Hipertensi Diabetes Melitus pada Usia Produktif dan Lansia di Kabupaten Paser
Authors: Nuraisyah Fatma , Nasution Henny Nur Hidayati
Published: February 2025

Tekanan darah tinggi dan Hiperglukosa merupakan gejala awal dari Hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II (DMT II). Dengan adanya skrining dapat mencegah kejadian tersebut. Kegiatan ini untuk mendeteksi dan edukasi Pencegahan tekanan darah dan gula darah pada usis produktif dan lansia di Tanah Grogot, Kabupaten Paser. Kegiatan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif serta evaluasi penyuluhan sebagai tolok ukur penilaian yang menggunakan lembar pertanyaan sebelum dan sesudah dilaksanakan kegiatan ini. Hasil pemeriksaan dinyatakan 5 orang (tekanan darah tinggi) dan 1 orang (Pra diabetes). Selanjutnya, hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan nilai rerata sebelum 62, 11 menjadi 94,95. Artinya, adanya peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pencegahan hipertensi dan DMT II. Mayoritas responden memiliki hasil pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan kadar glukosa normal serta kegiatan pengabdian ini efektif dalam meningkatkan wawasan masyarakat mengenai Hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus.
Optimalisasi Belajar Anak-Anak Melalui Bimbingan Belajar Matematika di Desa Wangkelang, Kecamatan Moga, Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Fauzah Ma’rifatun , Chikmah Lailatul , Amanah Liu , Sholikhah Sevira Putri , Rizquna Via , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan menjadi hal yang penting untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Dengan melihat kondisi anak-anak di Desa Wangkelang, Kecamatan Moga, Kabupaten Pemalang, yang memprihatinkan maka KKN UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan melakukan kegiatan pengabdian melalui bimbingan belajar matematika. Tujuannya untuk menghasilkan pemahaman yang optimal mengenai pembelajaran matematika bagi anak- anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah membagi anak-anak menjadi beberapa kelompok agar lebih mendapatkan perhatian dan materi dapat diterima dengan baik serta melakukan post test untuk mengukur keberhasilan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat melalui bimbingan belajar matematika berjalan dengan lancar dan mendapatkan antusias yang tinggi. Anak-anak merasa senang dan paham ketika dilakukan evaluasi berupa post test. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menyimpulkan bahwa optimalisasi lingkungan belajar anak-anak melalui bimbingan belajar matematika memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar dan motivasi belajar di Desa Wangkelang, Kecamatan Moga, Kabupaten Pemalang. Kegiatan ini dapat menjadi model inspiratif untuk pengembangan pendidikan di wilayah pedesaan lainnya, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan karakteristik dan kebutuhan lokal.
Perempuan dan Kewirausahaan: Penguatan Usaha Krepek Kaspica (Kasbi Pisang Paca)
Authors: Miagina Aveanty , Raraga Filus , Ririhena Mersy Yoslin , Biso Hernansi , Kembauw Esther
Published: February 2025

Selama ini kegiatan produksi berbahan dasar kasbi (singkong) dan pisang yang dilakukan oleh kelompok perempuan BarTer di Desa Paca dilakukan secara konvensional tanpa mempertimbangkan ketrampilan sdm, tidak menggunakan peralatan modern, yang tergambar dari produk yang dihasilkan kurang menarik, tanpa merek, kemasan produk seadanya menggunakan plastik. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mitra mengenai aspek kewirausahaan serta pengembangan produk yang telah ada guna menjaga kestabilan usaha. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menjawab permasalahan mitra menggunakan metode Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) yang diharapkan dapat menggali informasi kondisi masayarakat mitra dan kehidupan dari dan oleh masyarakat mitra. Pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dipakai untuk mendapatkan kesesuaian dan ketepatgunaan program dengan kebutuhan mitra sehingga keberlanjutan (sustainability) program dapat terjamin. Keterlibatan aktif mitra memudahkan dalam mengidentifiaksi masalah yang dihadapi. Kegiatan pelatihan kewirausahaan yang bermanfaat untuk penguatan serta pengembangan usaha yang telah dimiliki menjadi program utama yang dilakukan. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan mitra mengetahui kekurangan juga peluang usaha melalui varian produk, mampu memetakan peluang usaha baru serta mitra memiliki nama merek juga desain produk baru, memiliki ijin edar produk dari BPOM serta perlu adanya penguatan kelembagaan mitra.
Pengelolaan Ekosistem Pesisir dan Pantai di Desa Kumo, Kabupaten Halmahera Utara Melalui Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Authors: Toisuta Boyke , Tutupary Ontje F. W. , Totoda Loana J. , Arkwrigth Darius , Pical Albert I.
Published: February 2025

Ekosistem pesisir dan pantai di Pulau Kumo, Kabupaten Halmahera Utara, Provinsi Maluku Utara, merupakan salah satu komponen penting dari lingkungan yang mendukung kehidupan manusia dan berbagai spesies lainnya. Pengelolaan ekosistem ini menjadi semakin krusial mengingat keterbatasan sumber daya dan dampak perubahan iklim yang lebih intens. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka pentingnya dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan tujuan untuk memberikan kesadaran pada masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan ekosistem pesisir dan pantai dengan berfokus pada pentingnya partisipasi komunitas dalam keberlanjutan untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan partisipatif dialogis-demonstrasi meliputi penyuluhan, tanya jawab dan diskusi, demonstrasi pembersihan pantai, pemilihan bibit dan penanaman mangrove. Peserta kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini sekitar 84 orang yang terdiri dari unsur pemerintah desa, masyarakat, mahasiswa dan dosen di lingkungan Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Universitas Halmahera. Hasil keberhasilan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini dikatakan sangat bermanfaat dan memberikan paradigma baru dalam upaya pelestarian ekosistem pesisir dan pantai di pulau Kumo sehingga menunjukkan adanya kesadaran masyarakat untuk melakukan pelestarian ekosistem pesisir dan pantai secara berkala dan keberlanjutan.
Implementasi Aplikasi Geogebra dalam Pembelajaran Matematika bagi Guru SMA
Authors: Ratuanik Mesak , Urath Samuel , Jabar Pesparani Diana , Luturmas Ayu Sri Angri , Loiwatu Dewi Laras , Kdise Vendalina , Werluka Baceria , Matruty Nadia
Published: February 2025

Implementasi Teknologi Pendidikan seperti aplikasi GeoGebra, guru SMA di Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar dapat lebih efektif mendukung pembelajaran matematika yang berpusat pada siswa, memfasilitasi keterlibatan aktif siswa, dan membantu mereka mencapai pemahaman matematika yang lebih baik. Ini sesuai dengan visi Platform Merdeka Mengajar dalam mendukung praktik pembelajaran inovatif dan berbasis teknologi bagi pendidik di Indonesia, khususnya di Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar. Selain itu terlihat dampak dari kegiatan tersebut dimana terdapat peningkatan ketrampilan mitra melalui tes untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Dari ketiga masalah yang berikan pada saat tes akhir yang diikuti oleh 26 peserta didik, terdapat 20 peserta didik telah mempunyai kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang lebih dominan yaitu dapat mengidentifikasikan aspek-aspek yang diketahui dan yang ditanyakan dan menentukan apakah aspek-aspek tersebut cukup untuk menyelesaikan masalah, Menggabungkan komponen-komponen yang telah ditanyakan dan diketahui serta merumuskannya menjadi model matematika, memilih metode untuk mengatasi masalah, bekerja sama untuk memecahkan masalah matematika dan mengkonfirmasikan bahwa jawabannya benar dan akurat, tetapi terdapat 6 peserta didik yang masih merasa kesulitan dalam menggambarkan grafik fungsi polynomial secara manual.
PENGARUH SOSIALISASI MITIGASI BENCANA PADA DAERAH RAWAN LONGSOR DENGAN MEDIA SIMULASI TABLE TOP TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT DESA BATUR KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Wijayanti Dini Prastyo , Sulistyowati Agus , Annisa Faida
Published: February 2025

Mitigasi bencana sebagai upaya mengurangi risiko dari bencana tanah longsor. Kondisi geografis yang berbukit dan curam dengan struktur tanah dapat menimbulkan bencana. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh sosialisasi mitigasi bencana tanah longsor dengan metode interaktif, yaitu tabletop exercise. Metode penelitian dengan desain kuantitatif dan kuasi eksperimental. Digunakan pre dan post test yang tidak terkontrol. Jumlah sampelnya adalah 50 responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yaiitu kuesioner. Analisis data yaitu dengan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum diberikan sosialisasi dengan table top , tingkat pengetahuan responden sebagian besar kurang (62 % ) dan setelah sosialisasi sebanyak 78% responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan ? value adalah 0,000 <0,05. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh sosialisasi mitigasi bencana tanah longsor dengan media simulasi table top terhadap tingkat pengetahuan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi pengembangan strategi mitigasi bencana yang lebih efektif di daerah rawan longsor.
Some Elements Concerning the Relation Income Inequality-Economic Growth. Influence of Institutional Framework
Authors: POPA Florina
Published: February 2025

The motive behind the study of the study lies in the very importance of the topic of the research, of the significant elements that emerge from the studies carried out, income inequality being an important element of influence of economic growth, with economic and social implications, in society. The void in literature that makes this study important results from the original rendering of retained ideas and increase of the contribution brought to the research of this field. The methodology used in the study was documentation from the specialized literature, synthesis, processing by the author’s own interpretation of retained ideas. Summary of the findings The acquired results contribute to the study of the relation between inequality and growth, of the elements that influence income inequality and also, the influence of institutional framework on income inequality, retaining relevant aspects that arise from the research fulfilled by various specialists in the field.
Meanders of Polish Social Policy In The Context of Some Family Welfare Benefits
Authors: POGONOWSKI Igor
Published: February 2025

The article addresses selected aspects of social policy aimed at ensuring the social security of society. It contains selected definitions of this field of science. It presents a catalogue of benefits of a material nature, focusing on family benefits, indicating the types of these benefits and the volume of funds allocated in recent years for their implementation. Finally, it signals what challenges the social security system is facing.
Eplontersen (Wainua)
Authors: CDA-AMC
Published: February 2025

Reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform nonbinding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada’s federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses eplontersen, 56 mg/mL, 45 mg single-dose prefilled pen for SC injection.
Indication: For the treatment of polyneuropathy associated with stage 1 or stage 2 hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis in adults.
Legal Issues in the Supervision and Enforcement of Professional Ethics for Advocates in Indonesia
Authors: Raharjo Budi , Putra Rengga Kusuma , Kossay Methodius
Published: February 2025

The supervision and enforcement of the advocate code of ethics in Indonesia continue to face various challenges, impacting the effectiveness of the existing regulatory framework. The number of ethical violations committed by advocates has been increasing, from 120 cases in 2018 to 345 cases in 2023, with the most prevalent infractions including conflicts of interest, abuse of authority, and gratification. One of the primary factors contributing to the weak enforcement of the code of ethics is the limited oversight system, which remains confined to advocate organizations without the involvement of independent institutions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the advocate supervision system in Indonesia, compare it with best practices in other countries, and identify measures that can be implemented to enhance accountability and transparency within the profession. The research employs a normative legal method with a comparative law approach and empirical studies. The analysis is conducted on existing regulations, case reports on violations, and interviews with key stakeholders, including advocates, clients, and legal observers. The findings reveal that only 40% of reported violations result in strict sanctions, while merely 10% of advocates found guilty of ethical misconduct face license revocation. Additionally, a survey of 500 respondents indicates that only 35% of the public is aware of the complaint procedures against advocates who breach ethical standards, highlighting the low level of transparency in the supervision system. This study contributes to the discourse by recommending the establishment of an independent institution to oversee advocates' compliance with ethical standards, as well as the increased utilization of digital technology in the supervision system. With more transparent and accountable oversight reforms, it is expected that ethical violations within the legal profession can be minimized, thereby strengthening public trust in Indonesia’s legal system
Legal Protection for Gig Economy Workers from the Perspective of Labor Law in Indonesia
Authors: Indra  , Nawangsari Sefti Afi
Published: February 2025

The gig economy has experienced rapid growth in Indonesia, with a rising number of platform-based workers engaged through digital platforms such as Gojek, Grab, Shopee, and Tokopedia. However, the legal status of gig workers remains unclear, leading to weak labor protections, particularly in terms of access to social security and compliance with minimum wage standards. This study aims to analyze the legal protection available for gig workers in Indonesia and identify regulatory reforms necessary to improve their welfare. Using a normative juridical and empirical approach, the research examines existing labor regulations and conducts a survey involving 300 gig workers in the transportation, logistics, and digital service sectors. The findings reveal that 60% of gig workers lack social security coverage, 70% do not receive wages that meet minimum standards, and only 20% have formal employment contracts. Furthermore, 72% of workers report income instability, while 85% express the need for clearer regulations to safeguard their rights. The study highlights that the ambiguous legal status of gig workers in Indonesia contributes to high job insecurity and significant disparities in labor protection compared to formal sector employees. Therefore, more adaptive regulatory reforms are needed to ensure that gig workers receive legal protection equivalent to that of workers in the formal sector. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a foundation for policymakers in designing more inclusive and responsive labor regulations that address the evolving dynamics of employment in the digital era.
Copyright Protection in the NFT Ecosystem: Legal Challenges and Policy Recommendations for Indonesia
Authors: Mulfirana  , Khausan Makmur , Taufik Moh
Published: February 2025

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) present significant opportunities for the creative industry in digitizing and monetizing artistic works. However, a major challenge arises in copyright protection, particularly in Indonesia, which has yet to establish specific regulations addressing NFTs within its intellectual property (IP) law framework. Currently, legal protection relies on Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright, which does not fully accommodate the characteristics of blockchain technology. This study aims to analyze copyright protection in Indonesia's NFT ecosystem, compare it with regulatory frameworks in the United States and the European Union, and provide policy recommendations that are more adaptive to the advancement of digital technology. The research adopts a normative juridical approach, incorporating comparative legal analysis and empirical studies through interviews with 15 key stakeholders, including digital artists and legal practitioners. The findings indicate that 78% of respondents perceive Indonesia’s current regulatory framework as ineffective in protecting NFT copyrights, whereas regulatory developments in the United States and the European Union have successfully reduced NFT copyright disputes by 40% over the past five years. Additionally, an analysis of 30 NFT-related disputes on OpenSea and Rarible reveals that 65% of cases involve copyright claims that cannot be effectively resolved through national legal mechanisms. This study recommends implementing a takedown notice mechanism, integrating smart contracts for creator royalties, and strengthening digital arbitration frameworks within Indonesia’s legal system. With clearer regulations, Indonesia’s NFT ecosystem is expected to develop with stronger legal protections for digital content creators
Study of NO2 and HCHO vertical profile measurement based on fast synchronous multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (FS MAX-DOAS)
Authors: Xu Jiangman , Li Ang , Hu Zhaokun , Zhang Hairong , Qin Min
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study investigates a multi-elevation fast synchronous multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (FS MAX-DOAS) observation system that can rapidly acquire trace gas profiles. It modifies the conventional MAX-DOAS method by sequentially scanning at elevation angles using motors. The new system incorporates a two-dimensional area array charge-coupled device (CCD) grating spectrometer, telescopes with a small field of view (< 1°), a high-speed shutter switching module, and a multi-mode multi-core fiber to enable multi-channel spectroscopy and significantly enhance the time resolution of the collected spectra (one elevation cycle within 2 min). When selecting the spectrometer grating, the impact of the spectral resolution on the detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) by FS MAX-DOAS was simulated and analyzed. The optimal resolution range was determined to be 0.3–0.6 nm. The selection of the number of binning rows in the acquisition settings considers the signal-to-noise ratio of the pixels in each row to enhance the quality of the spectral data. Two-step acquisition is used for low elevation angles within one cycle to overcome the influence of variations in light intensity. A comparative test was conducted on outfield NO2 and HCHO measurements using differential optical absorption spectroscopy. Compared with the differential slant column densities (dSCDs) at each elevation angle measured by the MAX-DOAS system, the Pearson correlation coefficient of NO2 reached 0.9, while for HCHO it ranged mostly between 0.76 and 0.85. The results of the slant column concentration inversion indicate that the root mean square (rms) of the FS MAX-DOAS spectrum inversion can consistently be lower than that of MAX-DOAS over an extended period. The profile results show that the diurnal variation trend of the two systems was consistent, and because of the enhanced time resolution, the gas profile obtained by the former system can provide more detailed information. Compared with the near-ground NO2 concentration measured by the long-path DOAS (LP-DOAS) system, the daily variation trend shows a characteristic of being high in the morning and starting to decrease at noon, and the correlation coefficient between FS MAX-DOAS and LP-DOAS is higher (R = 0.901). The FS MAX-DOAS system can quickly and simultaneously obtain the vertical distribution profiles of NO2 and HCHO with high accuracy, providing a basis for mobile MAX-DOAS to achieve gas profile inversion.
Surveillance Camera-Based Deep Learning Framework for High-Resolution Ground Hydrometeor Phase Observation
Authors: Wang Xing , Zhao Kun , Huang Hao , Zhou Ang , Chen Haiqin
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Urban surveillance cameras offer a valuable resource for high spatiotemporal resolution observations of ground hydrometeor phase (GHP), with significant implications for sectors such as transportation, agriculture, and meteorology. However, distinguishing between common GHPs—rain, snow, and graupel—present considerable challenges due to their visual similarities in surveillance videos. This study addresses these challenges by analyzing both daytime and nighttime videos, leveraging meteorological, optical, and imaging principles to identify distinguishing features for each GHP. Considering both computational accuracy and efficiency, a new deep learning framework is proposed. It leverages transfer learning with a pre-trained MobileNet V2 for spatial feature extraction and incorporates a Gated Recurrent Unit network to model temporal dependencies between video frames. Using the newly developed 94-hour Hydrometeor Phase Surveillance Video (HSV) dataset, the proposed model is trained and evaluated alongside 24 comparative algorithms. Results show that our proposed method achieves an accuracy of 0.9677 on the HSV dataset, outperforming all other relevant algorithms. Furthermore, in real-world experiments, the proposed model achieves an accuracy of 0.9301, as validated against manually corrected Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer measurements. It remains robust against variations in camera parameters, maintaining consistent performance in both daytime and nighttime conditions, and demonstrates wind resistance with satisfactory results when wind speeds are below 5 m/s. These findings highlight the model's suitability for large-scale, practical deployment in urban environments. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using low-cost surveillance cameras to build an efficient GHP monitoring network, potentially enhancing urban precipitation observation capabilities in a cost-effective manner.
Validation and comparison of cloud properties retrieved from passive satellites over the Southern Ocean
Authors: Kurup Arathy A. , Poulsen Caroline , Siems Steven T. , Robbins Daniel J. V.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The clouds over the Southern Ocean (SO) play a vital role in defining the Earth's energy budget. The cloud properties over the SO are known to be different from their Northern Hemisphere counterparts. As a result, monitoring cloud properties over the SO, including macro- and microphysical properties, is of particular interest. We analysed three passive remote sensing satellite datasets, the MODIS Collection 6.1, the AVHRR CMSAF CLARA-A3, and the AVHRR PATMOS, over the SO. We validated the cloud mask, cloud top height, and cloud phase for 2015 using Level 2 data retrieved from the passive sensors with active CloudSat-CALIOP sensors. We compared the effective radius and cloud optical depth amongst the three passive sensors datasets. This research found that there are substantial uncertainties in cloud top height, cloud optical depth, and cloud thermodynamic phase, over the SO. The extent of which varies depending on the cloud property and retrieval algorithm used. The cloud mask comparison revealed that only around two-thirds of passive sensors observations agree with active sensor observations and in the case of AVHRR PATMOS the agreement is lower. In the comparison of cloud top height, a mean absolute bias of 0.65 km (AVHRR CMSAF), 1.03 km (MODIS), and 1.31 km (AVHRR PATMOS) was observed for single-layer cloud scenes cases. This mean bias increased to 1.86 km (AVHRR CMSAF), 3.22 km (MODIS), and 3.34 km (AVHRR PATMOS) for multilayered cloud scenes. Ice phase dominates the multilayer cloud top thermodynamic phase in 2015, while liquid is the dominant top phase for single-layer cases. In general, the passive sensor and active sensor phases agree for liquid phase and ice phase except for AVHRR PATMOS, which frequently misidentified liquid phase as ice phase. In the comparison of cloud effective radius, it was observed that the disagreement between the passive sensors was greater in presence of multilayer clouds. The effective radius disagreement was largely higher for ice clouds. We found that the presence of sea ice strongly influences the retrieval of cloud optical depth at high latitudes, with most passive optical depths higher over sea ice than over ocean. This work highlights the areas where passive cloud retrieval algorithms over the SO could be improved.
High-Resolution Paleo-Storm Reconstruction from Eastern Canada Aligns with Late-Holocene Northwestern Atlantic Hurricane Records
Authors: Lachance Antoine , Peros Matthew , St-Jacques Jeannine-Marie , Francus Pierre , Sanderson Nicole K.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Atlantic Canada experiences frequent major storms, particularly tropical cyclones transitioning into post-tropical storms. Events such as Hurricane Fiona (2022), Dorian (2019), and Juan (2003) have caused significant damage, loss of life, and coastal erosion, exacerbated by sea level rise and warming waters. Despite this, centennial- to millennial-scale storm records in the region remain scarce. Existing studies in North America focus primarily on marine and coastal overwash records, with limited use of aeolian mineral inputs in ombrotrophic peatlands as storm proxies. Here, we address these gaps by analysing grain-size and geochemical data from two peatlands in Quebec, Canada’s Magdalen Islands. Our two peat records reveal consistent storm signals over the past 4000 years, with three key periods of heightened activity: 800–550 BCE, 600–800 BCE, and 1300–1700 CE. These signals align with marine and overwash records spanning the past 2000 years across eastern Canada, the US, and the Bahamas, indicating low storm activity during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, followed by increased activity during the Little Ice Age. Our findings suggest that storm records in these regions are influenced by local climatic factors. Negative phases of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, which typically suppress hurricane activity in the North Atlantic, are associated with conducive hurricane formation and intensification north of the Bahamas. Additionally, the position of the Bermuda High seems to play a more significant role in directing storm tracks during different climatic phases. Our findings highlight the potential antiphase relationship in storm activity between regions north of the Bahamas and those in the Gulf of Mexico, suggesting broader climatic mechanisms that warrant further investigations. Despite the similarities between our two sites, discrepancies in geochemistry and mineralogical profiles highlight the importance of site-specific conditions in interpreting the storm record from peatlands, namely the distance of the sites to the coast and source of aeolian sediment, as well as peatland size. Challenges also remain in calibrating peat-based proxies with historical storm records, as identifying specific events from the past 150 years remains difficult.
Brief communication: Use of lightweight and low-cost steel net electrodes for electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys performed on coarse-blocky surface environments
Authors: Pavoni Mirko , Peruzzo Luca , Boaga Jacopo , Carrera Alberto , Barone Ilaria , Bast Alexander
Published: February 2025

Abstract. ERT is a widely used geophysical technique for characterizing various mountainous environments where land surfaces consist of coarse blocks and debris, such as landslide deposits or rock glaciers. In this situation, installing the common steel spike electrodes is both challenging and time-consuming, and achieving galvanic contact between the electrodes and the surface is difficult. In this work, we have successfully tested an alternative electrode that is tougher, lighter and cheaper than the recently proposed conductive textile electrode. A thin stainless-steel net and sponges are used to create small bags that can be easily inserted between the blocks, and then removed.
Advances in land surface forecasting: a comparison of LSTM, gradient boosting, and feed-forward neural networks as prognostic state emulators in a case study with ecLand
Authors: Wesselkamp Marieke , Chantry Matthew , Pinnington Ewan , Choulga Margarita , Boussetta Souhail , Kalweit Maria , Bödecker Joschka , Dormann Carsten F. , Pappenberger Florian , Balsamo Gianpaolo
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The most useful weather prediction for the public is near the surface. The processes that are most relevant for near-surface weather prediction are also those that are most interactive and exhibit positive feedback or have key roles in energy partitioning. Land surface models (LSMs) consider these processes together with surface heterogeneity and, when coupled with an atmospheric model, provide boundary and initial conditions. They forecast water, carbon, and energy fluxes, which are an integral component of coupled atmospheric models. This numerical parametrization of atmospheric boundaries is computationally expensive, and statistical surrogate models are increasingly used to accelerate experimental research. We evaluated the efficiency of three surrogate models in simulating land surface processes for speeding up experimental research. Specifically, we compared the performance of a long short-term memory (LSTM) encoder–decoder network, extreme gradient boosting, and a feed-forward neural network within a physics-informed multi-objective framework. This framework emulates key prognostic states of the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) land surface scheme of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), ecLand, across continental and global scales. Our findings indicate that, while all models on average demonstrate high accuracy over the forecast period, the LSTM network excels in continental long-range predictions when carefully tuned, extreme gradient boosting (XGB) scores consistently high across tasks, and the multilayer perceptron (MLP) provides an excellent implementation time–accuracy trade-off. While their reliability is context-dependent, the runtime reductions achieved by the emulators in comparison to the full numerical models are significant, offering a faster alternative for conducting experiments on land surfaces.
A New Hybrid Particle-Puff Approach to Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling, Implemented in the Danish Emergency Response Model of the Atmosphere (DERMA)
Authors: Tølløse Kasper Skjold , Sørensen Jens Havskov
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The Danish Emergency Response Model of the Atmosphere (DERMA) is a Lagrangian puff model originally developed for long-range dispersion modelling, on distances longer than roughly 50 km from the source. The model is used operationally as part of Danish emergency preparedness for the prediction of atmospheric dispersion in case of nuclear accidents, airborne spread of animal diseases, and ash from volcanic eruptions. To be able to simulate dispersion on shorter spatial scales, a new description of turbulent diffusion has been developed and implemented in DERMA, combining a stochastic particle approach with a classic puff model. Further, updates have been made to the parameterizations of the turbulent wind fluctuations and Lagrangian time scales, the boundary layer height, and the initial plume rise due to heat release. These improvements allow for a more realistic description of turbulent diffusion near the release location, while an updated version of the existing turbulence description is still used at longer distances. The new version of DERMA is evaluated against three different tracer gas experiments: the European Tracer Experiment (ETEX), the Øresund experiment, and the Kincaid experiment. The results indicate that the new particle-puff hybrid approach gives more accurate predictions, especially on shorter spatial scales while a small improvement is also observed for long-range dispersion.
IMPACT OF THE SCANDINAVIA AND EAST ATLANTIC/WESTERN RUSSIA PATTERNS ON WIND STRESS CURL OVER THE BLACK SEA
Authors:   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, BAZYURA E.A. ,   Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, GUBAREV A.V. ,   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems,   Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, POLONSKY A.B. ,   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems,   Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: February 2025

The impact of two global climatic oscillating modes, East Atlantic/Western Russia (EA/WR) and Scandinavia (SCA) patterns, which significantly affect the climate in the Atlantic-Eurasian sector, on wind stress curl (WSC) over the Black Sea is studied. The wind data from the MERRA-2 reanalysis and the series of the SCA and EA/WR indices for 1980-2019 are used. The composite method was applied taking into account nonstationarity of the time series of the indices, and the spectral analysis is used for the stationary series. There is a significant increase in cyclonic WSC in different parts of the sea for most of a year during the positive phase of SCA. In September and October and on average in winter, the positive phase of EA/WR is accompanied by a significant increase in anticyclonic WSC. In general, it has been found that SCA influences the formation of the spatiotemporal structure of WSC more strongly than EA/WR.
Caught in the Crossfire: Examining the Mediating Effects of Negative Emotion on the Relationship Between Interparental Conflict and Behavior Problems
Authors: Riaz Saba , Babar Shehroz , Khan Usama
Published: February 2025

Behavioral problems are more prevalent in children belonging to conflictual families. Therefore, the aims of current study encompass to explore the potential links between interparental conflict and behavior problems and whether this relationship is mediated by negative emotions. A cross-sectional research design was implemented to recruit 200 participants within age range of 15-20 years, having a mean age of 18.75 years (SD = 1.15) conveniently. The main standardized assessment tools administered in this study were Child Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPICS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule- Short Form (PANAS-SF) and Behavior Problem Scale (BPS). Results revealed that interparental conflict was significantly linked with negative emotions and behavior problems respectively. Furthermore, interparental conflict and negative emotions were significantly predicting behavior problems in the recruited adolescents. Mediation analysis indicated that negative emotions were significantly mediating the association between interparental conflict and behavior problems. Results of the current study are discussed in the light of relevant literature.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STARTUP ECOSYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Authors:   Armenian State University of Economics, PARSYAN SUREN , BAHARYAN FRIDA , MELKUMYAN ZARUHI , MIRZOYAN SOGHOMON , HOVSEPYAN MERI , MINASYAN DAVID , NAZARYAN SAMVEL
Published: February 2025

Today, there are around 150 million startups worldwide, generating substantial
revenue. On average, 137,000 startups are created daily. In such a competitive
environment, having a developed startup ecosystem is essential, as it enables
startups to operate within a more advanced and favorable environment.
Traditionally, startups focus on technological advancements, entering high-tech
fields and offering solutions for mass production. They leverage the latest
technologies to stand out. Startups operate within ecosystems that value high
technology and innovation, launching products and services at a top-tier level and
gradually scaling them to reach broader markets. The success of startups in
developed countries has sparked a new revolution, with developing nations now
striving to establish their own startups or the ecosystems required to foster them.
Relative TL-ideals in Semi groups
Authors: Okumu Emine Funda , Yamak Sultan
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we investigate the notions of the left (right, two sided) ϕ − TL-ideals and (ϕ,σ) − TL-ideals in a semi group, as well as some of their related properties. Furthermore, the results of relative TL ideals are applied to L-ideals of semi groups.
Logika dan Rasionalitas Dalam Ilmu
Authors: Megawati Silvia
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this journal research is to explain and analyze the branches of the discipline of Philosophy, as well as to describe the results of thinking that are expressed in written form. Everyone must have different opinions and paradigms. This needs to be expressed in writing, to enrich the research results. The concept of logic and rationality in science is very important in everyday life. Logic and rationality are key components in the scientific method process. The method used in this study is the Systematic Literature Review with a database obtained from Google Scholar. The journal articles used are articles from the last 5 years, namely 2019 - 2024, by paying attention to the keyword’s logic, rationality and science. The results of the analysis of the articles that have been carried out contain a total of 16 research articles consisting of education journals, theology journals, Islamic economics journals, philosophy and theology journals. The conclusion of this study is that by understanding the concept of logic and rationality in science, it is hoped that a better understanding of how the role of logic and rationality in science can be applied in everyday life.
A Study to Evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knolwedge reagrding standard protocol guideline regarding for new born care among staff Nurses in selected Hospital at Rajkot
Authors: B. Bagda Sudhir , Prasad K. Sam , Doss K. Jeenath Justin
Published: February 2025

Assessment of high quality new born care is the right of the new born everywhere. Babies have the right to breath normally, prevention of infection, and should protected from the injuries. New born care includes essential new born care and routine care. Essential new born care involves the immediate care provided at the time of the birth. Routine care involves the other basic care provided to the new born after 24 hours of delivery. New born care in the immediate post delivery period includes prevention and management of haemorrhage, thermal care, cord care, early initiation of breast feeding, eye care and recognition of when to refer. To care for new borns, nurses and midwives require knowledge and skills to provide immediate new born care interventions. Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test method was adopted for this study. Total 60 samples of staff nurses working in selected hospitals of Bharuch city were selected. Data collection done by using structured knowledge questionnaire before and after providing standard protocol guideline regarding new born care. The present study is evaluating the knowledge of staff nurses regarding new born care. The mean of pre-test knowledge score is 30.63% and post-test mean score is 40.65%. It shows significant difference in pre-test and post-test. The difference in pre-test means score and post-test mean score is 10.02 %. The great difference in pre-test and post-test mean score of knowledge shows that the standard protocol guideline given to the staff nurses was very effective. There is no significant association between knowledge score with demographic variables. Immediate care at birth includes delayed cord clamping, drying of the baby, assessment of the baby involves breathing, early initiation of breast feeding and skin to skin contact
A Nonlinear Deterministic Model for the Transmission of Influenza A Dynamics
Authors: A. Venkatesh
Published: February 2025

Mathematical models are highly beneficial for analyzing and identifying the most efficient strategies for reducing the severity of epidemics. This work presents and examines a nonlinear deterministic model, designated as SVLIJTR, for the spread pattern of influenza A (H1N1). The model considers the impacts of vaccination and treatment. The fluctuations in the infected population are tracked by evaluating the rates of vaccination, treatment, and isolation. This model rigorously examines the existence and stability of both disease-free and endemic equilibria. The model's basic reproduction number and sensitivity analysis is employed to identify the model parameters that significantly impact . This model is augmented by incorporating an optimal control issue, which includes two types of controls: immunization for susceptible individuals and medical care for those already afflicted. Numerical simulations are employed to evaluate various tactics, concluding that cost-effective analysis is the most efficient approach.