bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural network based redesign of morphing UAV for simultaneous improvement of roll stability and maximum lift/drag ratio
Authors: Oktay Tugrul , Arik Seda , Turkmen Ilke , Uzun Metin , Celik Harun
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to redesign of morphing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using neural network for simultaneous improvement of roll stability coefficient and maximum lift/drag ratio.

Design/methodology/approach

Redesign of a morphing our UAV manufactured in Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Erciyes University is performed with using artificial intelligence techniques. For this purpose, an objective function based on artificial neural network (ANN) is obtained to get optimum values of roll stability coefficient (Clβ) and maximum lift/drag ratio (Emax). The aim here is to save time and obtain satisfactory errors in the optimization process in which the ANN trained with the selected data is used as the objective function. First, dihedral angle (φ) and taper ratio (λ) are selected as input parameters, C*lβ and Emax are selected as output parameters for ANN. Then, ANN is trained with selected input and output data sets. Training of the ANN is possible by adjusting ANN weights. Here, ANN weights are adjusted with artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. After adjusting process, the objective function based on ANN is optimized with ABC algorithm to get better Clβ and Emax, i.e. the ABC algorithm is used for two different purposes.

Findings

By using artificial intelligence methods for redesigning of morphing UAV, the objective function consisting of C*lβ and Emax is maximized.

Research limitations/implications

It takes quite a long time for Emax data to be obtained realistically by using the computational fluid dynamics approach.

Practical implications

Neural network incorporation with the optimization method idea is beneficial for improving Clβ and Emax. By using this approach, low cost, time saving and practicality in applications are achieved.

Social implications

This method based on artificial intelligence methods can be useful for better aircraft design and production.

Originality/value

It is creating a novel method in order to redesign of morphing UAV and improving UAV performance.
Developing a taxonomy of transportation waste in construction production processes
Authors: Pérez Cristina Toca , Costa Dayana
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a taxonomy of transportation waste in construction production processes based on lean construction (LC) principles.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology used is case study and the main stages for the identification of the transportation waste in two construction projects were: mapping physical flows; measurement of transportation time; and monitoring of transportation waste events; assessment of the taxonomy.

Findings

The main contribution of this paper is the proposition of a taxonomy of transportation waste in construction production processes through the understanding of the transportation waste causes and consequences.

Research limitations/implications

Although the literature reviewed addresses sources from different parts of the world, the case studies performed are limited to one country, Brazil. However, the studies were carried out in two different construction sites separated by more than 3,000 km.

Practical implications

All data collected during the taxonomy application can be organized in order to develop an improvement plan. Moreover, if data collected is disseminated, there is the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the construction sector.

Social implications

Although the paper does not explore in depth the impact of the study on society or policy, the theme of waste minimization is focused on cost reduction, and one way to do that is through the flow management for waste minimization.

Originality/value

The paper discusses the concept of transportation waste of production in construction based on LC philosophy, through the understanding of its causes and consequences.
Social production of disasters and disaster social constructs
Authors: Sun Lei , Faas A.J.
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether it is useful to tease apart the intimately related propositions of social production and social construction to guide thinking in the multidisciplinary study of disasters.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors address our question by reviewing literature on disasters in the social sciences to disambiguate the concepts of social production and social construction.

Findings

The authors have found that entertaining the distinction between social production and social construct can inform both thinking and action on disasters by facilitating critical exercises in reframing that facilitate dialog across difference. The authors present a series of arguments on the social production and construction of disaster and advocate putting these constructs in dialog with vulnerability frameworks of the social production of disasters.

Originality/value

This commentary contributes to disambiguating important theoretical and practical concepts in disaster studies. The reframing approach can inform both research and more inclusive disaster management and risk reduction efforts.
Value in vehicles: economic assessment of automotive data
Authors: Soley Alexander M. , Siegel Joshua E. , Suo Dajiang , Sarma Sanjay E.
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to estimate the value of information generated by and stored within vehicles to help people, businesses and researchers.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors provide a taxonomy for data within connected vehicles, as well as for actors that value such data. The authors create a monetary value model for different data generation scenarios from the perspective of multiple actors.

Findings

Actors value data differently depending on whether the information is kept within the vehicle or on peripheral devices. The model shows the US connected vehicle data market is worth between US$11.6bn and US$92.6bn.

Research limitations/implications

This model estimates the value of vehicle data, but a lack of academic references for individual inputs makes finding reliable inputs difficult. The model performance is limited by the accuracy of the authors’ assumptions.

Practical implications

The proposed model demonstrates that connected vehicle data has higher value than people and companies are aware of, and therefore we must secure these data and establish comprehensive rules pertaining to data ownership and stewardship.

Social implications

Estimating the value of data of vehicle data will help companies understand the importance of responsible data stewardship, as well as drive individuals to become more responsible digital citizens.

Originality/value

This is the first paper to propose a model for computing the monetary value of connected vehicle data, as well as the first paper to provide an estimate of this value.
Challenges and drivers for data mining in the AEC sector
Authors: Ahmed Vian , Aziz Zeeshan , Tezel Algan , Riaz Zainab
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the current challenges and drivers for data mining in the AEC sector.

Design/methodology/approach

Following a comprehensive literature review, the data mining concept was investigated through a workshop with industry experts and academics.

Findings

The results showed that the key drivers for using data mining within the AEC sector is associated with the sustainability, process improvement, market intelligence, cost certainty and cost reduction, performance certainty and decision support systems agendas in the sector. As for the processes with the greatest potential for data mining application, design, construction, procurement, forensic analysis, sustainability and energy consumption and reuse of digital components were perceived as the main process areas. While the key challenges were perceived as being, data issues due to the fragmented nature of the construction process, the need for a cultural change, IT systems used in silos, skills requirements and having clearly defined business goals.

Originality/value

With the increasing abundance of data, business intelligence and analytics and its related concepts, data mining and Big Data have captured the attention of practitioners and academics for the last 20 years. On the other hand, and despite the growing amount of data in its business context, the AEC sector still lags behind in utilising those concepts in its end products and daily operations with limited research conducted to explore those issues at the sector level. This paper investigates the main opportunities and barriers for data mining in the AEC sector with a practical focus.
An axiological measure of entrepreneurial cognition
Authors: Hurst Clifford G.
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to expand the recent lines of inquiry into entrepreneurial cognition by focusing on the structure of values as an important aspect of cognition. Value theory, or axiology, posits that the capacity to value and to make value judgments is a distinctly human function – one that is a higher order process than is pure cognition alone.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is designed as a quantitative discovery. A well-established assessment instrument from the field of value science is used to measure deep-seated, evaluative thought patterns for a sample of founders of early stage startups and a comparative sample of senior managers. Value structures underlying cognition for individuals across these samples are compared to reveal both similarities and differences between the groups.

Findings

This study identifies a cognitive process underlying opportunity recognition, evaluation and exploitation, known as integration. This study finds that entrepreneurs have stronger capacities for integrative thinking than do managers. In contrast to other published research, this study finds that early stage entrepreneurs are not characterized by hubris, an inflated sense of self-efficacy, nor an exceptional capacity for action.

Originality/value

This paper extends the study of entrepreneurial cognition by applying an empirical measure of the foundational levels of cognition. It reveals heretofore unarticulated differences, as well as similarities, between entrepreneurs and managers.
Family dynamics and gender perspective influencing copreneurship practices
Authors: Franco Mário , Piceti Patricia
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the family dynamics factors and gender roles influencing the functioning of copreneurial business practices, to propose a conceptual framework based on these factors/roles.

Design/methodology/approach

For this purpose, a qualitative approach was adopted, through the analysis of seven businesses created by copreneurial couples in an emerging economy – Brazil. Data were obtained from an open interview with each member of the selected couples who are in charge of firm management.

Findings

The empirical evidence obtained shows that the most important factors for successful copreneurial family businesses are professionalization, dividing the couple’s tasks and business management. Trust, communication, flexibility and common goals are other essential relational-based factors for the good functioning of this type of family business and stability in the personal relationship.

Practical implications

It is clear that professionalization and the separation of positions and functions are fundamental for a balance between business management and the couple’s marital life. When couples are in harmony and considering factors such as trust, communication and flexibility (relational-based factors), the firm’s life-cycle and business success become real and more effective.

Originality/value

From the family dynamics factors and gender roles, this study focused on one of the most important and integrated family firm relationships, copreneurial couples. As there is little research on the heterogeneity of family firms runs specifically by copreneurial couples, this study is particularly important and innovative in the context of a developing economy, such as Brazil. Based on empirical evidence, this study was proposed an integrative and holistic framework that shows the functioning of copreneurial businesses practices.
Transforming information into supply chain agility: an agility adaptation typology
Authors: Russell Dawn M. , Swanson David
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediators that occupy the gap between information processing theory and supply chain agility. In today’s Mach speed business environment, managers often install new technology and expect an agile supply chain when they press. This study reveals the naivety of such an approach, which has allowed new technology to be governed by old processes.

Design/methodology/approach

This work takes a qualitative approach to the dynamic conditions surrounding information processing and its connection to supply chain agility through the assessment of 60 exemplar cases. The situational conditions that have created the divide between information processing and supply chain agility are studied.

Findings

The agility adaptation typology (AAT) defining three types of adaptations and their mediating constructs is presented. Type 1: information processing, is generally an exercise in synchronization that can be used to support assimilation. Type 2: demand sensing, is where companies are able to incorporate real-time data into everyday processes to better understand demand and move toward a real-time environment. Type 3: supply chain agility, requires fundamentally new thinking in the areas of transformation, mindset and culture.

Originality/value

This work describes the reality of today’s struggle to achieve supply chain agility, providing guidelines and testable propositions, and at the same time, avoids “ivory tower prescriptions,” which exclude the real world details from the research process (Meredith, 1993). By including the messy real world details, while difficult to understand and explain, the authors are able to make strides in the AAT toward theory that explains and guides the manager’s everyday reality with all of its messy real world details.
Examining fan engagement through social networking sites
Authors: Santos Thiago Oliveira , Correia Abel , Biscaia Rui , Pegoraro Ann
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise and measure the construct of fan engagement through social networking sites (SNS).

Design/methodology/approach

A multi-stage procedure was completed to validate the proposed fan engagement through SNS model with three first-order constructs (fan-to-fan relationships, team-to-fan relationships and fan co-creation). First, a preliminary analysis of the proposed items to capture fan engagement through SNS was conducted through expert review. Second, an assessment of item reliability and construct validity was completed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Finally, CFA and subsequent structural equation model were conducted to review the psychometric properties and to test the relationships between the proposed construct with online and offline behavioural intentions.

Findings

The results indicate good psychometric properties of the constructs of fan-to-fan relationships, team-to-fan relationships and fan co-creation, and these three constructs were significantly related with the second-order construct of fan engagement through SNS. Additionally, the construct of fan engagement through SNS was significantly related to both online and offline behavioural intentions.

Practical implications

These findings suggest that teams should use SNS to interact with fans, to allow fans to share experiences and to involve fans in co-creation processes aimed at increasing engagement and subsequent positive behavioural intentions towards the team.

Originality/value

This study extends previous research by measuring fan engagement through SNS as a multidimensional construct, and testing its predictive effect on fans’ online and offline behavioural intentions. Several suggestions for future studies and strategies for increasing fan engagement can be drawn from this study.
Innovation in public administration
Authors: Sucupira Grazielle , Saab Flávio , Demo Gisela , Bermejo Paulo Henrique
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The subject of innovation in public service has been gaining attention in Brazilian scientific practice and production. This paper aims to identify national studies on innovation in public administration and increase the level of knowledge about the subject, as well as to inspire new research and promote advances in theoretical and practical knowledge about innovation in the public sector.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study has a descriptive purpose, quantitative nature and was performed through a bibliometric study based on the protocol proposed by Cronin et al. (2008). Documentary data were collected from scientific articles, and quantitative techniques for descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. Were selected Brazilian scientific journals classified with Qualis equal to or higher than B1, in the area of Public Administration and Business, Accounting and Tourism, in the quadrennium 2013-2016; a total of 164 journals searched.

Findings

The results herein indicate a research gap that should be filled by more theoretical studies. Also, they point to the need for multimethod research studies that promote the evaluation of product and process innovation, especially related to the phases of invention and implementation.

Originality/value

Few studies have covered public administration and, especially, innovation reviews; none of these studies focused on innovation in the Brazilian public sector, as proposed by this research; the period of analysis and coverage of journals used as search criteria also differ from other reviews in the area of innovation and public sector.
Emerging technologies and new business models: a review on disruptive business models
Authors: Schiavi Giovana Sordi , Behr Ariel
Published: October 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to conduct a review on disruptive business models. Considering that competition among companies will not only happen through new products, services or technologies but also through innovative business models, the disruptive business models arise to replace the existing business models, adapting the organizational structures to the products and services offered and emphasizing the proposition of unique value.

Design/methodology/approach

The literature on this topic was revised, allowing the obtaining of the state of the art and the construction of a research agenda. The analyzed literature was obtained from systematic searches by the term disruptive business model in some databases. For the analysis of the data, the content analysis strategy was used through categorizations in the material exploration phase, and, later, for the processing of the results, the authors made use of inference and interpretation regarding the content analyzed.

Findings

The collected literature made it possible to obtain a set of data formed by different views of authors on disruptive business models, which was analyzed and categorized to make new inferences and interpretations.

Originality/value

Considering that the literature on the disruptive process of business models is emerging and addressing an important phenomenon in the market that lacks the theoretical basis to sustain it, this paper contributes by presenting a consolidated examination on this subject, thus deepening the theoretical analyzes on this topic and reducing this lack in the literature. This study also presents a research agenda, which clarifies the disruptive business model gap and reveals some opportunities for future empirical researches.
Technological cooperation network in biotechnology
Authors: Pereira Cristiano Goncalves , Da Silva Rodrigo Ribeiro , Lavoie João Ricardo , Porto Geciane Silveira
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The establishment of partnerships between companies, government and universities aims to enhance innovation and the technological development of institutions. The biotechnology sector has grown in recent years mainly driven by its cooperative business model. Compared to other countries, this sector is slowly advancing in Brazil, with delays in science, technology and innovation, especially in the private sector. This paper aims to examine, through social network analysis, the collaborative networks between institutions that filed patents in biotechnology – medicinal preparations from plants – whose inventions had Brazil as the priority country.

Design/methodology/approach

The study of technological cooperation using patent documents is a reliable approach as they serve as good indicators of the interactions between organizations that focus on innovation and development of new product. Social network analysis of cooperation networks helps to understand the connections between patent assignees, and how they establish relationships.

Findings

Results show that public universities are the institutions that most deposit patents, as well as those that co-operate the most, especially Universidade of Campinas. The study also reveals the critical role of Research Support Agencies in stimulating research and technological development, which result in new technologies.

Originality/value

The study applied the social network analysis to provide an overview of the interactions among Brazilian institutions with the purpose of helping in decision-making and inciting public policies to leverage the biotechnology sector.
The coordinated strategy for the optimization of the interaction level of business model
Authors: Amedzro St-Hilaire Walter , Boisselier Patrick
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the variables improving the business model and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of the current financial strategy.

Design/methodology/approach

According to the principle of testability, availability and correlation, the annual data are uses to measure the interaction level of business system in order to accurately reflect the evolution of the financial decision, and explore the main factors restricting the multiple strategies coordination.

Findings

The promotion of business growth relies mainly on the coordinated development of innovation, industries, consumption, investment and export. Further transformation and upgrading is one of the paths to achieve the coordinated development of financial strategy multiple objectives. The irrational business structure is the main obstacle to that coordination.

Research limitations/implications

In future research, it may be possible to identify “a financial broader strategy impact discussion for impact on Basel, IMF/World Bank and Capital Foundations or other regulatory strategies to avert future economic crises.” If so, it should be possible for financial institutions to use the results of research examining antecedents to better manage their experiences so as to foster the development of the desired strategies.

Practical implications

The initiatives taken to try to clarify the variables improving the business model and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of the current financial strategy show how complex it seems to identify practices and those to be developed as a priority. Institutions tend to adopt an increasingly wide range of commonly accepted strategical practices, such as coordinated-determining practices, without really knowing the effect of their interaction on efficient Management processes. In this regard, this paper provides practical advice that may assist successful adaptation for institutions leaders. The study provides new insights into the understanding of the coordinated strategy mechanisms that can influence the optimization of the interaction level of decision control and promote the effectiveness of managerial practices in determining the business model. Always in terms of practical implications, the findings from this paper may be particularly pertinent for managers in public administration and institutional decision makers in many countries across the world where traditionally, the administrators may be more business-intelligence-averse than their counterparts in the private sectors. The specificities of such business model as regarding their constraints concerning the coordinated strategy may reflect at both structural as well as individual levels, considering the predominantly rigid nature of the planning in many configuration.

Originality/value

The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of the current monetary strategy.
Determining illicit financial outflows from sixty developing countries
Authors: Rahman Matiur , Mustafa Muhammad , Turpin Lonnie
Published: October 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to empirically explore the effects of globalization, corruption perception, political stability, macroeconomic vulnerability and gross domestic savings on illicit financial outflows of 60 developing countries from 2004 to 2013.

Design/methodology/approach

Pedroni’s heterogeneous panel data methodology for co-integration is applied. Panel unit root tests reveal non-stationarity of each variable in level, and a battery of seven panel co-integration tests largely confirm long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables under study.

Findings

The panel vector error correction model estimates show that variables tend to converge toward long-run equilibrium at a very slow pace amid some short-term random fluctuations. At the same time, political stability reduces illicit financial outflows.

Originality/value

There are enhancing impacts of globalization, corruption perception, macroeconomic vulnerability and domestic gross savings on illicit financial outflows. Political stability dampens such outflows. To the authors’ knowledge, such studies are either very scant or non-existent.
Servant leadership and engagement: a dual mediation model
Authors: Bao Yuanjie , Li Chaoping , Zhao Hao
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to compare two mediating mechanisms of servant leadership’s effect on followers’ work engagement: the social exchange mechanism (represented by leader-member exchange (LMX)) and the social learning mechanism (represented by public service motivation in Study 1 and prosocial motivation in Study 2).

Design/methodology/approach

In Study 1, the authors collected two-wave matched data from 216 public sector employees. In Study 2, the authors collected two-wave matched data from 178 private sector employees. The authors use hierarchical regression and bootstrapping to test the hypotheses.

Findings

Servant leadership is positively related to follower’s work engagement and this relationship is mediated by LMX, but not by public service motivation (Study 1) or prosocial motivation (Study 2). It suggests that servant leadership promotes followers’ work engagement mostly through the social exchange mechanism.

Research limitations/implications

The data were collected from Chinese employees, and future studies are necessary to verify the findings in other cultural contexts.

Originality/value

This study sheds light on a more nuanced picture of the effect mechanisms of servant leadership.
Organisational effectiveness and agility
Authors: Holbeche Linda Susan
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to encourage innovation in our thinking about future organisation effectiveness. It is premised on the argument that the neo-liberal context that has dominated much of our thinking over the last 40 years is under pressure, with increasing polarisation and questioning about globalisation, and concern over our neglect of ethics and the environment. This questioning of business and society, and the development of digitisation in particular, will impact the way we should study organisation effectiveness. Notions such as flexibility, talent and organisation agility are themselves embedded in this macro context and in need of revision.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper takes our notions of agility and resilience, and breaks them down into their related components of change. The notion of agility – defined as the capacity to respond, adapt quickly and thrive in the changing environment – can be captured through five key components of future focus, customer-collaboration, iteration, experimentation and empowerment. Such a notion of agility must come hand in hand with resilience, and its related concepts of involvement, shared purpose, renewal, learning, risk management, networks and engagement.

Findings

We are moving beyond a search for greater flexibility at greater speed, towards a search for organisational agility itself. The dominant model of focussing on “hard” output measures (such as productivity, financial results and shareholder value) and enablement through internal alignment is being brought into question, as is the role of the HR discipline. Definitions of organisation effectiveness will need a stronger focus on the “means” to a different set of “ends”. The changes in the means are fundamental. Constructs such as agile structures will mean changes in work processes, structures, skills requirements, management practices, technological elements and cultural practices.

Practical implications

Despite many pressures for change, shareholder value thinking and related practices still appear to prevail. The traditional long-term employee value propositions that are derived from these practices are ill-matched with current employee desires for self-management of data, fair pay and opportunities for development, and more accessible styles of management and leadership. We should however expect different outcomes for the three different employee segments of elite and high-skilled employees, a squeezed middle of white collar and professional staff, and low-skilled workers.

Originality/value

The paper captures recent questioning about the role and purpose of business in the neo-liberal economy and uses it to highlight some of the tensions; consequently, this affects the way we think about organisation effectiveness. By deconstructing the discussion of concepts such as agility and resilience, it focusses the research and practice agenda on some of the necessary means that have recently been neglected in much of the organisational effectiveness literature.
Effects of renewable energy consumption and trade on environmental pollution
Authors: Karasoy Alper , Akçay Selçuk
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of (non-renewable and renewable) energy consumption and trade on environmental pollution in an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) setting in Turkey for the 1965–2016 period.

Design/methodology/approach

Besides conventionally used unit root tests, Zivot–Andrews unit-root test is also employed to account for a possible structural break. To investigate the interrelationships among the variables, the autoregressive distributed lag and the vector error correction methodologies are employed.

Findings

The results verify the EKC hypothesis. Moreover, increases in trade and non-renewable energy consumption rise carbon emissions in long run, while renewable energy consumption reduces it in both short- and long-run. The causality analysis reveals that there are bi-directional long-run causalities between non-renewable energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and between trade and carbon dioxide emissions. Additionally, the neutrality hypothesis is valid for the renewable energy consumption-income nexus in both short- and long-run. For the non-renewable energy consumption-income nexus, the neutrality hypothesis holds only in short-run and the conservation hypothesis holds only in long-run.

Originality/value

This is the first study which incorporates both renewable energy consumption and trade into its environmental pollution model for Turkey. Moreover, by investigating short- and long-run causalities among the employed variables, more robust policy implications are put forward. Lastly, this study employs a longer sample period and considers a structural break in its models.
Corporate finance approaches of Icelandic private firms after the financial crisis
Authors: Khalfan Twahir , Sturluson Jón Þór
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide insights about corporate finance decision-making of Icelandic private firms that have experienced a dramatic financial crisis in 2008–2010. It observes the capital budgeting methods and cost of capital techniques for private firms after a systemic financial crisis. Moreover, the paper identifies the main determinants of capital structure and capita rationing during this period.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper surveys corporate finance practices of 80 out of the 250 largest bank-centred private firms after the financial crisis.

Findings

Highly leveraged private firms that have experienced a dramatic financial crisis in 2008–2010 use payback and net present value techniques almost at a similar rate when assessing new investments. The sample firms largely rely on the cost of debt to determine the cost of invested capital. However, capital asset pricing model is the most popular method among the few sample firms that estimate the cost of equity. The need to maintain financial flexibility and cost associated with financial distress are the most influential factors regarding capital structures, whereas investment practices avoid capital rationing associated with the financial crisis.

Research limitations/implications

The limitations of the study are that it is country specific and absence of data over the period before the financial crisis that may have been applied to present more insight into this topic.

Practical implications

Sample firms fail to incorporate appropriate cost of capital methods and as the result they are likely to apply incorrect “hurdle rate” which could undervalue or overvalue new investments. This paper indicates that capital budgeting decisions by managers of the bank-centred Icelandic private firms who tend to be major shareholders do not reflect the tendency to expropriate outside and minority investors. Private firms that have emerged from the meltdown of the financial system highlighting the importance of “special” lending relationship in assisting bank-centred firms to avoid the severity of financial constraints.

Originality/value

This study employs a failure of the banking system to provide new knowledge about corporate finance practices of private firms after the financial crisis that have curtailed the access to both internal and external sources of capital.
Subject analysis of LIS data archived in a Figshare using co-occurrence analysis
Authors: Cho Jane
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Based on the data from Figshare repositories, the purpose of this paper is to analyze which research data are actively produced and shared in the interdisciplinary field of library and information science (LIS).

Design/methodology/approach

Co-occurrence analysis was performed on keywords assigned to research data in the field of LIS, which were archived in the Figshare repository. By analyzing the keyword network using the pathfinder algorithm, the study identifies key areas where data production is actively conducted in LIS, and examines how these results differ from the conventional intellectual structure of LIS based on co-citation or bibliographic coupling analysis.

Findings

Four major domains – Open Access, Scholarly Communication, Data Science and Informatics – and 15 sub-domains were created. The keywords with the highest global influence appeared as follows, in descending order: “open access,” “scholarly communication” and “altmetrics.”

Originality/value

This is the first study to understand the key areas that actively produce and utilize data in the LIS field.
Between cooperation and survival
Authors: Kim JongHo
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the survival capability of Chaoshan people in the maritime world of the South China Sea amidst the changing monetary systems of the rival empires and political regimes from 1939 to 1945. It particularly focuses on overseas Chinese remittance business in Shantou under the Japanese rule. Local societies in coastal China and overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia experienced severe hardships due to the Sino-Japanese War, the Pacific War and the Chinese Civil War. As fighting among the rival empires and regimes intensified, Chinese migrant communities straddling between Southeast Asia and South China had to negotiate and adapt to survive these crises, regardless of whether they were government-affiliated or local autonomous subjects.

Design/methodology/approach

This research draws on archival materials to investigate the reactions of Chinese migrant communities in Chaoshan region in times of war and regime change. How did local maritime societies and overseas Chinese adapt to the harsh realities of the wartime? How did the Japanese Empire use Wang Jingwei’s puppet government in Nanjing to control the Chaoshan remittance network? How did the remittance network shift its operational structure in face of a wartime crisis?

Findings

Faced with the wartime crisis and the Japanese occupation, Chaoshan communities used a variety of survival strategies to protect and maintain the overseas Chinese remittance business. In dealing with remittances from Singapore, British Malay and Indonesia, they cooperated with the Japanese military authority and its puppet government to maximize the autonomy of their business operation in the Japanese-controlled East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere. On the other hand, to secure the flow of remittances from French Indochina and Thailand, the indirectly controlled territories in the Japanese Empire, Chaoshan merchants sought an alternative path of delivering remittances, known as the Dongxing route, to bypass the Japanese ban on private remittances from these two regions.

Research limitations/implications

It would be a better research if more resources, including remittance receipts and documents during the Japanese occupation, could be found and used to show more detailed features of Chaoshan local society.

Originality/value

This research is the first one to investigate the contradictory features of local Chaoshan society during the Japanese occupation, an under-explored subject in the Chinese historiography.
Innovation platforms fostering low-carbon economy resource mobilisation
Authors: Vivas Lalinde Irene , Matti Cristian , Panny Julia , Juan Agulló Blanca
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the potential of innovation platforms to realise SDGs targets by focussing in sustainable innovation process related to infrastructure and industrialisation.

Design/methodology/approach

Analysis of different policy documents, reports as well as a series of interviews and participatory processes run in 2016–2017 of the EIT Regional Innovation Scheme programme to prototype a knowledge triangle integration (KTI) index.

Findings

Preliminary findings show that EIT Climate-KIC operates as an innovation platform that mobilise resources to increases capabilities for climate innovation.

Practical implications

The paper contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of the efforts needed to tackle climate innovation regarding resource mobilisation for KTI processes by focussing on how platforms work in a bottom-up way.

Originality/value

Mechanisms and processes that consolidate local knowledge and strengthen relational assets with regards to climate innovation are important for the realisation of some of the 169 targets of the 2030 Agenda.
Kleptoplastidic benthic foraminifera from aphotic habitats: insights into assimilation of inorganic C, N and S studied with sub‐cellular resolution
Authors: Jauffrais Thierry , LeKieffre Charlotte , Schweizer Magali , Geslin Emmanuelle , Metzger Edouard , Bernhard Joan M. , Jesus Bruno , Filipsson Helena L. , Maire Olivier , Meibom Anders
Published: October 2018

The assimilation of inorganic compounds in foraminiferal metabolism compared to predation or organic matter assimilation is unknown. Here, we investigate possible inorganic‐compound assimilation in Nonionellina labradorica, a common kleptoplastidic benthic foraminifer from Arctic and North Atlantic sublittoral regions. The objectives were to identify the source of the foraminiferal kleptoplasts, assess their photosynthetic functionality in light and darkness and investigate inorganic nitrogen and sulfate assimilation. We used DNA barcoding of a ~ 830 bp fragment from the SSU rDNA to identify the kleptoplasts and correlated transmission electron microscopy and nanometre‐scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (TEM‐NanoSIMS) isotopic imaging to study 13C‐bicarbonate, 15N‐ammonium and 34S‐sulfate uptake. In addition, respiration rate measurements were determined to assess the response of N. labradorica to light. The DNA sequences established that over 80% of the kleptoplasts belonged to Thalassiosira (with 96%–99% identity), a cosmopolitan planktonic diatom. TEM‐NanoSIMS imaging revealed degraded cytoplasm and an absence of 13C assimilation in foraminifera exposed to light. Oxygen measurements showed higher respiration rates under light than dark conditions, and no O2 production was detected. These results indicate that the photosynthetic pathways in N. labradorica are not functional. Furthermore, N. labradorica assimilated both 15N‐ammonium and 34S‐sulfate into its cytoplasm, which suggests that foraminifera might have several ammonium or sulfate assimilation pathways, involving either the kleptoplasts or bona fide foraminiferal pathway(s) not yet identified.
High single‐cell diversity in carbon and nitrogen assimilations by a chain‐forming diatom across a century
Authors: Olofsson Malin , Kourtchenko Olga , Zetsche Eva‐Maria , Marchant Hannah K. , Whitehouse Martin J. , Godhe Anna , Ploug Helle
Published: October 2018

Almost a century ago Redfield discovered a relatively constant ratio between carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in particulate organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus of dissolved nutrients in seawater. Since then, the riverine export of nitrogen to the ocean has increased 20 fold. High abundance of resting stages in sediment layers dated more than a century back indicate that the common planktonic diatom Skeletonema marinoi has endured this eutrophication. We germinated unique genotypes from resting stages originating from isotope‐dated sediment layers (15 and 80 years old) in a eutrophied fjord. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) combined with stable isotopic tracers, we show that the cell‐specific carbon and nitrogen assimilation rates vary by an order of magnitude on a single‐cell level but are significantly correlated during the exponential growth phase, resulting in constant assimilation quota in cells with identical genotypes. The assimilation quota varies largely between different clones independent of age. We hypothesize that the success of S. marinoi in coastal waters may be explained by its high diversity of nutrient demand not only at a clone‐specific level but also at the single‐cell level, whereby the population can sustain and adapt to dynamic nutrient conditions in the environment.
Contribution of structural recalcitrance to the formation of the deep oceanic dissolved organic carbon reservoir
Authors: Wang Nannan , Luo Ya‐Wei , Polimene Luca , Zhang Rui , Zheng Qiang , Cai Ruanhong , Jiao Nianzhi
Published: October 2018

The origin of the recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC) reservoir in the deep ocean remains enigmatic. The structural recalcitrance hypothesis suggests that RDOC is formed by molecules that are chemically resistant to bacterial degradation. The dilution hypothesis claims that RDOC is formed from a large diversity of labile molecules that escape bacterial utilization due to their low concentrations, termed as RDOCc. To evaluate the relative contributions of these two mechanisms in determining the long‐term persistence of RDOC, we model the dynamics of both structurally recalcitrant DOC and RDOCc based on previously published data that describes deep oceanic DOC degradation experiments. Our results demonstrate that the majority of DOC (84.5 ± 2.2%) in the deep ocean is structurally recalcitrant. The intrinsically labile DOC (i.e., labile DOC that rapidly consumed and RDOCc) accounts for a relatively small proportion and is consumed rapidly in the incubation experiments, in which 47.8 ± 3.2% of labile DOC and 21.9 ± 4.6% of RDOCc are consumed in 40 days. Our results suggest that the recalcitrance of RDOC is largely related to its chemical properties, whereas dilution plays a minor role in determining the persistence of deep‐ocean DOC.
The BRICS Coming of Age and the New Development Bank
Authors: Suchodolski Sergio Gusmão , Demeulemeester Julien Marcel
Published: October 2018

The robust economic growth of developing countries revived discussions about the need for a global financial architecture that is more representative of today's economic and political realities. The world is now markedly different from the moment the Bretton Woods institutions were created. The BRICS now account for a substantive share of global GDP, however, this was not reflected in equivalent voting power in existing multilateral institutions. As a response, they created institutions like the New Development Bank (NDB) and the Contingent Reserve Agreement (CRA), symbolizing a shift of economic and political power towards emerging countries. Against this backdrop, this paper explores the growing importance of BRICS countries as contributors to the global economy and to global governance. Using NDB as a case‐study, the paper explores the origins of the Bank and attempts to answer why a new institution was needed, elaborating on five practical examples in which NDB could contribute with innovations to the modus operandi of multilateral development banking. The authors argue that out of all multilateral development banks created in the past decades, the NDB has the largest potential to catalyze changes in the Bretton Woods institutions and to grow as an alternative to them.