bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic antibacterial effect of silver and ebselen against multidrug‐resistant Gram‐negative bacterial infections
Authors: Zou Lili , Lu Jun , Wang Jun , Ren Xiaoyuan , Zhang Lanlan , Gao Yu , Rottenberg Martin E , Holmgren Arne
Published: June 2017

Multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Gram‐negative bacteria account for a majority of fatal infections, and development of new antibiotic principles and drugs is therefore of outstanding importance. Here, we report that five most clinically difficult‐to‐treat MDR Gram‐negative bacteria are highly sensitive to a synergistic combination of silver and ebselen. In contrast, silver has no synergistic toxicity with ebselen on mammalian cells. The silver and ebselen combination causes a rapid depletion of glutathione and inhibition of the thioredoxin system in bacteria. Silver ions were identified as strong inhibitors of Escherichia coli thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, which are required for ribonucleotide reductase and DNA synthesis and defense against oxidative stress. The bactericidal efficacy of silver and ebselen was further verified in the treatment of mild and acute MDR E. coli peritonitis in mice. These results demonstrate that thiol‐dependent redox systems in bacteria can be targeted in the design of new antibacterial drugs. The silver and ebselen combination offers a proof of concept in targeting essential bacterial systems and might be developed for novel efficient treatments against MDR Gram‐negative bacterial infections.
Anticonvulsivantes inducen síndrome de reacción a drogas con eosinofília y síntomas sistémicos (DRESS) con falla hepática fulminante
Authors: Londoño-Arcila Hector Fabio , Guerra-Pabón María Alejandra , Hernández-Revelo Cristhian David , Hoyos-Samboní Diego Fernando , Jiménez-Orrego Katherine Vanessa
Published: June 2017

El síndrome de reacción a drogas con eosinofilia y síntomas sistémicos (DRESS, por sus siglas en inglés) es una reacción severa de hipersensibilidad inducida por el uso de medicamentos. Se han reportado más de 100 fármacos asociados a este síndrome y, aunque la mayoría de los pacientes tiene una evolución clínica favorable, cerca del 10% desarrolla falla orgánica múltiple e incluso culmina en la muerte. El presente artículo presenta un caso clínico de síndrome DRESS asociado a terapia anticonvulsivante que evolucionó a falla hepática fulminante; aquí se discuten la etiología, patogenia, manifestaciones clínicas, proceso diagnóstico y posible tratamiento.
Didácticas activas en la asignatura Ocupación y Bienestar del programa universitario Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Authors: Parra-Esquivel Eliana Isabel , Gómez-Galindo Ana María , Peñas-Felizzola Olga Luz
Published: June 2017

Introducción. Distintas investigaciones dan cuenta de la importancia de estudiar los procesos de enseñanza en terapeutas ocupacionales y sus resultados positivos en investigación formativa, comprensión teórica y desempeño académico.Objetivo. Identificar las características de estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional de la universidad Nacional de Colombia, sus antecedentes educativos y los resultados de las didácticas activas aplicadas en la asignatura Ocupación y Bienestar, ofertada durante el año 2010.Materiales y métodos. Estudio cualitativo descriptivo en el que se buscó conocer los resultados de la didáctica aplicada desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes.Resultados. El estudio permitió evidenciar el compromiso y responsabilidad de los estudiantes al vincularse con las didácticas activas y el cambio de rol del profesor en el diseño de los objetivos de formación y de organización de contenidos.Conclusiones. Se evidencia que la didáctica activa es útil en la educación de la terapia ocupacional. Algunas investigaciones resaltan la importancia de la educación en terapia ocupacional, del aprendizaje autónomo y del desarrollo social y afectivo.
Obesidad, autoestima y condición física en escolares
Authors: Delgado-Floody Pedro , Caamaño-Navarrete Felipe , Jérez-Mayorga Daniel , Cofré-Lizama Alfonso , Osorio-Poblete Aldo , Campos-Jara Christian , Guzmán-Guzmán Iris , Martínez-Salazar Cristian , Carcamo-Oyarzun Jaime
Published: June 2017

Introducción. La obesidad infantil es un problema grave de salud pública, ya que genera resultados adversos para la salud física y mental.Objetivo. Relacionar el estado nutricional con los niveles de autoestima y rendimiento físico en escolares de 8 a 10 años de edad.Materiales y métodos. Participaron 236 escolares: 117 hombres y 119 mujeres, de entre 8 y 10 años de edad, pertenecientes a dos colegios del municipio de Temuco con carácter estatal-municipal. Se evaluó peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, porcentaje de masa/grasa, contorno cintura, condición física, horas de ejercicio físico a la semana y autoestima.Resultados. El 43.6% de los escolares presentó malnutrición por exceso. Los categorizados como obesos (19%) presentaron niveles superiores en masa grasa y contorno cintura (p<0.001), además obtuvieron un rendimiento físico menor (p<0.05). Las horas realizadas de ejercicio físico a la semana y el nivel de autoestima fueron menores en lo escolares obesos, pero estos no alcanzaron significancia (p≥ 0.05).Conclusiones. La obesidad en edad escolar pone de manifiesto alteraciones asociadas con el rendimiento físico, la masa grasa y las tendencias negativas sobre la autoestima. A pesar de ser una etapa temprana, se pueden apreciar las consecuencias asociadas a esta condición.
Cognición, respuesta electroencefalográfica y su relación con la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca
Authors: León-Ariza Henry Humberto , Botero-Rosas Daniel Alfonso , Sánchez-Jiménez Alveiro , Ramírez-Villada Jhon Fredy , Acero-Mondragón Edward Javier
Published: June 2017

Introducción. La corteza cerebral frontal tiene una mayor actividad teta durante procesos cognitivos de observación y aprendizaje.Objetivo. Establecer la relación entre actividad electroencefalográfica orbitofrontal y sistema nervioso autónomo en procesos cognitivos.Materiales y métodos. 20 hombres y 19 mujeres con edad promedio de 21.2 (±2.32) años fueron evaluados mediante electroencefalografía (EGG) FP1-T3, FP2-T4 y electrocardiografía (EKG, del alemán elektrokardiogramm) para determinar frecuencia cardíaca (HR, del inglés heart rate) y variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (HRV, del inglés heart rate variability). La evaluación tuvo cinco fases: reposo, observación, memoria, concentración y juego. Las señales de EGG y EKG fueron analizadas en el dominio de la frecuencia usando la transformada rápida de Fourier (FFT, del inglés fast Fourier transform). Las diferencias por etapa entre las variables se establecieron con el uso de ANOVA de dos vías.Resultados. Comparado con el reposo, se observó en todas las fases incremento de la actividad teta del EGG (p<0.01), aumento en la baja frecuencia LF (p<0.01) y la HR (p<0.01) y disminución de la alta frecuencia HF (p<0.01). Además, hubo una correlación inversa entre la actividad teta y la potencia de HF (r=-0.86).Conclusiones. Los datos mostraron una reducción de la actividad parasimpática y un aumento de la actividad simpática asociado a actividad teta de la corteza orbitofrontal, mediante una conexión con el núcleo central de la amígdala.
Fallas del mercado de salud colombiano
Authors: Bejarano-Daza Javier Eduardo , Hernández-Losada Diego Fernando
Published: June 2017

Introducción. En la prestación de servicios de salud, tanto por parte del sector público como el privado, existen importantes fallas en el aseguramiento a nivel mundial.Objetivo. Realizar una revisión del sistema actual de salud en Colombia a partir de la descripción, organización y análisis de las fallas del mercado.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una clasificación de las fallas del mercado de la salud en Colombia, basada en información recolectada a través de referencias bibliográficas y artículos disponibles en términos económicos para Colombia y Latinoamérica en las últimas dos décadas.Resultados. Los mercados de aseguramiento y prestación de servicios de salud resultan complejos para garantizar la competencia perfecta que plantea el modelo neoliberal. La necesidad de monopolios naturales; los problemas de información asimétrica de los usuarios y los prestadores; el riesgo moral y evasión en el aseguramiento; la selección adversa que hacen aseguradores y prestadores, y la corrupción en el manejo de los recursos públicos son las causas de este comportamiento. Además, el modelo actual de salud falla estructuralmente en tres dimensiones: 1) oferta y demanda de servicios, 2) acceso y calidad de los servicios y 3) sostenibilidad financiera.Conclusión. Existen importantes fallas del mercado de salud en Colombia que hacen ineficiente e inequitativo el sistema y obligan a replantear un modelo económico de financiación y operación bajo un nuevo paradigma.
Ataque cerebrovascular isquémico: fisiopatología desde el sistema biomédico y su equivalente en la medicina tradicional china
Authors: Ruiz-Mejía Alba Fernanda , Pérez-Romero Germán Enrique , Ángel-Macías Mauricio Alberto
Published: June 2017

En la actualidad, el ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) es una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial. Desde su comprensión fisiopatológica, este es desencadenado por la hipoxia tisular cerebral, que produce una alteración funcional y estructural de la red celular y no celular interconectada, la cual está conformada por la unidad neurovascular y la matriz extracelular. En respuesta al daño, esta red activa y dirige el proceso de reparación tisular.A pesar de lo anterior, el ACV no se limita a una perspectiva molecular, sino que es parte de la historia de vida del paciente que la padece e integra su aspecto físico, emocional y mental. Desde esta visión, la necesidad en el enfoque y tratamiento puede ser suplida por otros sistemas médicos como la medicina tradicional china, que considera los signos y síntomas del ACV como el resultado de una desarmonía gestada y perpetuada por causas medioambientales, emocionales, mentales y en los hábitos de vida.
Is parricide a stable phenomenon? An analysis of parricide offenders in a forensic hospital
Authors: De Borba-Telles Lisieux Elaine , Menelli-Goldfeld Patrícia Rivoire , Soares-Barros Alcina Juliana , Schwengber Henderson Eduarth , Peres-Day Vivian , De Moraes-Costa Gabriela
Published: June 2017

Introducción. Estudios anteriores demuestran que la enfermedad mental severa es frecuente entre los parricidas.Objetivo. Investigar las características psiquiátricas y sociodemográficas, los métodos de asesinato y los antecedentes penales de criminales acusados de parricidio remitidos a un centro de salud mental forense en Brasil.Materiales y métodos. La muestra estuvo constituida por todos los pacientes acusados de parricidio que contaban con asistencia psiquiátrica en el Instituto Psiquiátrico Forense Dr. Maurício Cardoso. Se realizó un análisis transversal de las variables sociodemográficas de los parricidas y sus víctimas, las características del crimen y el diagnóstico psiquiátrico.Resultados. La mayoría de parricidas eran jóvenes (29.2±9.4) con bajo nivel de educación (5.4±3.9); 100% eran varones adultos, 94.4% solteros y 77.8% no tenía antecedentes penales. Todos los delincuentes actuaron solos, en su mayoría en contra de personas mayores (63.3±13.2) y en casa de sus padres (83.3%). Solo uno utilizó arma de fuego; 10 eran patricidas y 6 matricidas, 1 asesinó a su padrastro y 1 cometió doble parricidio. Tras cometer el asesinato, 27.8% trató de escapar de la escena del crimen. La mayoría de los condenados sufrían esquizofrenia (61.1%) o personalidad antisocial (16.7%).Conclusiones. El patrón observado en relación con las características de uso de armas, víctima y asesino es consistente con investigaciones previas, lo que permite concluir que este fenómeno es relativamente estable y homogéneo. Se debe garantizar evaluación psiquiátrica forense a quienes hayan cometido parricidio, dada la alta prevalencia de enfermedad mental en estos individuos.
Condición física y calidad de vida en escolares de 8 a 12 años
Authors: Rosa-Guillamón Andrés , García-Cantó Eliseo , Rodríguez-García Pedro Luis , Pérez Soto Juan José
Published: June 2017

Introducción. La condición física (CF) es un importante indicador fisiológico del estado de salud de la población en general y de los escolares en particular.Objetivo. Analizar la relación entre CF y calidad de vida (CV) en una muestra de escolares de primaria.Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal en el que participaron 298 escolares (159 mujeres y 139 varones) de entre 8 y 12 años de la región de Murcia, en España, durante el periodo 2013-2014. La CF se valoró mediante la batería ALPHA-fitness y su nivel (bajo, medio y alto) fue categorizado con base en estudios previos, la CV se valoró mediante el cuestionario KIDSCREEN-10 Index y para establecer la relación entre ambas variables se realizó un análisis de varianza simple.Resultados. El valor global de la CF se asoció de manera positiva con la CV (F=3.997; p=0.019).Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que los escolares con un mejor estado de CF tienen una mayor CV. Se precisan estudios de intervención dirigidos al desarrollo de la CF para evaluar las posibles mejoras en los niveles de CV de los jóvenes.
Screening of Hungarian cattle herds for seropositivity to Mycoplasma bovis
Authors: Fodor László , Jánosi Katalin , Makrai László , Gyuranecz Miklós
Published: June 2017

A total of 860 serum samples collected at 86 cattle farms in different parts of Hungary were screened for the presence of antibodies to Mycoplasma bovis using an ELISA test with a recombinant M. bovis membrane protein as antigen. Antibodies to M. bovis were detected in sera collected on all farms, and no farms negative for M. bovis were found. In 88.38% of the herds more than 50% of the sampled animals were infected by M. bovis. A total of 82.91% of the animals had antibodies to M. bovis. The proportion of seropositive animals was higher in the older age groups, and a significant difference was seen in the level of seropositivity between young and older age groups. The results show that M. bovis infection is widespread on Hungarian dairy farms, and its prevalence has increased in the recent decade. The high infection rate of Hungarian cattle herds with M. bovis shows that special attention should be paid to evaluating the aetiological role of M. bovis in bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) cases because M. bovis has an immunosuppressive effect and can predispose cattle to other respiratory infections, too.
Species distribution, antibiotic resistance and virulence traits in canine and feline enterococci in Tunisia
Authors: Ben Said Leila , Dziri Raoudha , Sassi Nadia , Lozano Carmen , Ben Slama Karim , Ouzari Imen , Torres Carmen , Klibi Naouel
Published: June 2017

In order to investigate the possible role of dogs and cats in the carriage and potential dissemination of resistant enterococci, seventy faecal samples from dogs and cats were tested for enterococci. Fifty-eight enterococci were recovered. Isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecium (n = 31) and E. faecalis (n = 14) E. durans (n = 6), E. casseliflavus (n = 2), E. hirae and E. gallinarum (2 isolates each). Enterococcal isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin (n = 35), erythromycin (n = 31), tetracycline (n = 25), kanamycin (n = 15), streptomycin (n = 13), pristinamycin (n = 11), gentamicin (n = 10), chloramphenicol (n = 8), and linezolid (n = 6). The gene erm(B) was detected in 22 out of 31 erythromycin-resistant enterococci. All tetracycline-resistant enterococci carried tet(M) and/or tet(L) genes. The gene aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia was identified in five of high-level gentamicin-resistant isolates, the genes aph(3′)-IIIa and/or aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia in eleven high-level kanamycin-resistant isolates and the gene ant(6)-Ia in eleven high-level streptomycin-resistant isolates. Only one strain harboured cat(A) gene, and five strains contained vat(E) or vat(D) genes. Virulence genes gel(E) (21 strains), esp (11 strains) and cylA/cylB (5 strains) were detected. High genetic diversity was demonstrated among E. faecium isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Dogs and cats can be carriers of antibiotic-resistant enterococci in their faeces that could shed into the household environment.
Molecular biological studies of adult and metacercarial stages of Petasiger exaeretus Dietz, 1909 (Digenea: Echinostomatidae)
Authors: Cech Gábor , Molnár Kálmán , Székely Csaba
Published: June 2017

Molnár et al. (2015) reported two types of echinostomatid metacercariae in the lateral line organ of Hungarian fish species. Type 1 metacercariae possessed 27 collar spines and 16 uniform and three larger dorsal spines, whereas Type 2 metacercariae bore 27 collar spines and 19 equal-sized dorsal spines. In the recent work, molecular studies carried out on the ITS region and partial 28S rDNA sequences of two types of echinostomatid metacercariae and the sequences of adult stages of the species of Petasiger Dietz, 1909 collected from cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo L.) showed that some of the Type 2 metacercariae corresponded to Petasiger exaeretus Dietz, 1909, whereas other morphologically similar metacercariae were identified as Petasiger phalacrocoracis (Yamaguti, 1939). The sequences of the Type 1 metacercariae with three larger dorsal spines could not be identified with any of the known sequences from echinostomatid trematodes.
Control of Hymenolepis nana infection as a measure to improve mouse colony welfare
Authors: Dovč Alenka , Gregurić Gračner Gordana , Tomažič Iztok , Vlahović Ksenija , Pavlak Marina , Lindtner Knific Renata , Kralj Klemen , Stvarnik Mateja , Vergles Rataj Aleksandra
Published: June 2017

After cannibalism had appeared in the reproductive units of a white mouse colony, treatment against confirmed Hymenolepis nana, a tapeworm with zoonotic potential, was performed on 67 mice in the reproductive and nursery units. Faecal droppings were evaluated by flotation and sedimentation methods. The sedimentation method revealed a higher number of positive results before, during and after the treatment, but the flotation method yielded some additional positive cases. In the reproductive unit, H. nana eggs were confirmed in 50% of the tested mice by the flotation and in 70% by the sedimentation method. In the nursery units, H. nana eggs were detected in 10.5% of the tested mice by the flotation and in 24.6% by the sedimentation method. A colony of mice was treated against the tapeworm H. nana with praziquantel and emodepside in doses of 2.574 mg praziquantel/100 g body mass and of 0.642 mg emodepside/100 g body mass. The content of the original pipettes (Profender®) was applied as a spot-on on the back of the neck in the area between the shoulders. The application was repeated three times at 14-day intervals. Seven days after the third therapy no H. nana was found in any of the tested mice in the reproductive or the nursery units. After the treatment, cannibalism was no longer observed. This treatment represented one of the steps aimed at improving animal welfare and preventing potential zoonotic disease. The public health significance of this cestode should receive more attention, especially among people who take care of mice, have them as pets, or feed them to reptiles.
The first report of prion-related protein gene (PRNT) polymorphisms in goat
Authors: Kim Yong-Chan , Jeong Byung-Hoon
Published: June 2017

Prion protein is encoded by the prion protein gene (PRNP). Polymorphisms of several members of the prion gene family have shown association with prion diseases in several species. Recent studies on a novel member of the prion gene family in rams have shown that prion-related protein gene (PRNT) has a linkage with codon 26 of prion-like protein (PRND). In a previous study, codon 26 polymorphism of PRND has shown connection with PRNP haplotype which is strongly associated with scrapie vulnerability. In addition, the genotype of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 26 of PRND is related to fertilisation capacity. These findings necessitate studies on the SNP of PRNT gene which is connected with PRND. In goat, several polymorphism studies have been performed for PRNP, PRND, and shadow of prion protein gene (SPRN). However, polymorphism on PRNT has not been reported. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the genotype and allelic distribution of SNPs of PRNT in 238 Korean native goats and compare PRNT DNA sequences between Korean native goats and several ruminant species. A total of five SNPs, including PRNT c.-114G > T, PRNT c.-58A > G in the upstream of PRNT gene, PRNT c.71C > T (p.Ala24Val) and PRNT c.102G > A in the open reading frame (ORF) and c.321C > T in the downstream of PRNT gene, were found in this study. All five SNPs of caprine PRNT gene in Korean native goat are in complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) with a D’ value of 1.0. Interestingly, comparative sequence analysis of the PRNT gene revealed five mismatches between DNA sequences of Korean native goats and those of goats deposited in the GenBank. Korean native black goats also showed 5 mismatches in PRNT ORF with cattle. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genetic research of the PRNT gene in goat.
Cognitive effort and different task foci in post-editing of machine translation: A think-aloud study
Authors: Vieira Lucas Nunes
Published: June 2017

Post-editing of machine translation is gaining popularity as a solution to the ever-increasing demands placed on human translators. There has been a great deal of research in this area aimed at determining the feasibility of post-editing and at predicting post-editing effort based on source-text features and machine translation errors. However, considerably less is known about the mental workings of post-editing and post-editors’ decision-making or, in particular, the relationship between post-editing effort and different mental processes. This paper investigates these issues by analysing data from a think-aloud study through the lens of eye movements and subjective ratings obtained in a separate task. The results show that mental processes associated with grammar and lexis are significantly associated with cognitive effort in post-editing. This association was not observed for other aspects of the task concerning, for example, discourse or the real-world use of the text. In addition, it was noted that lexical issues are linked to long sequences of thought processes. The paper shows that lexis plays a central role in post-editing, and argues that more emphasis should be placed on this issue in future research and in post-editor training.
A polysystemist’s response to prescriptive cultural relativism and postcolonialism
Authors: Fung Chang Nam
Published: June 2017

Translation studies and other disciplines in the humanities have become increasingly politicized as scholars act on the presumption that the dominance of Western theories is the result of power differentials rather than academic merit. This postcolonialist mindset is based on the claim that cultures are equally valid, but there are objective and cross-culturally intersubjective standards for comparing certain aspects of cultures. The problems with such prescriptive cultural relativism are that the nation-state is regarded as the only legitimate unit of culture, that national differences are overemphasized, and that an “is” is turned into an “ought.” Built on these misconceptions, postcolonialism challenges the political establishment in central countries but serves as an excuse to suppress the demand for progress from peripheral sectors in peripheral cultures. The attempt to export postcolonialism, a culture-specific theory, to the whole world is thus itself a colonialist act.
DINAMIKA PENDAPATAN PENDUDUK DI WILAYAH PESISIR KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SELAYAR
Authors: Ngadi Ngadi
Published: June 2017

Paper ini ditujukan untuk membahas dinamika pendapatan penduduk di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar. Penelitian dilakukan di dua desa kawasan pesisir yaitu desa Buki dan Bungaiya. Data yang digunakan untuk analisis adalah data survai sosial ekonomi masyarakat pesisir Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar yang dilakukan pada tiga titik waktu yaitu : tahun 2006, 2008dan 2011. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tehnik survai, wawancara terbuka dan penelusuran data sekunder. Responden untuk survai pada tiga titik waktu tersebut adalah responden yang sama,  kecuali jika responden tersebut telah meninggal dunia atau bermigrasi ke daerah lain maka digantikan dengan anggota keluarga atau tetangga terdekat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis diskriptif baik dengan tabel sederhana, tabel silang antar variabel dan diagram/grafik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga mulai dari tahun 2006-2011 yaitu sebesar 5,99 persen per tahun. Pendapatan rumah tangga dari kegiatan kenelayanan bersifat fluktuatif karena dipengaruhi oleh kondisi gelombang. Pada waktu musim gelombang kuat, sebagian besar nelayan tidak melaut sehingga tidak memperoleh pendapatan dari perikanan. Pada waktu musim gelombang lemah, hampir seluruh nelayan dapat melaut. Hasil tangkapan ikan sangat besar, tetapi harga jualnya murah.Title: A Dynamic Income of Population in The Coastal Area of The Selayar Islands DistrictThis paper aimed to discuss dynamic income of population in the coastal area of the Selayar Islands District. The study was conducted in two coastal villages, i.e., Bungaiya and Buki. Data were collected through a socio-economic survey in coastal communities conducted at three time points from 2006, 2008 and 2011. Respondents to the survey at three time points were the same respondents, unless respondents have either died or move to other areas then it replaced by a family member or neighbour nearby. Data analysis was done descriptively in terms of a simple table, cross table between variables and charts/graphs. Results showed that an increase in household income from the year 2006-2011 was accounted to 5.99 percent/ year. Household income from fishing activity was influenced by season dynamics. At the strong waves season, most of fishers do not go fishing so that they do not have an income from fishing activities. At the weak waves season, most of fishers go fishing. At this season, fisher’s fish caught was a huge, but it‘s price was low.
TINJAUAN DIMENSI EKONOMI KEBERLANJUTAN PENGELOLAAN BUDIDAYA LAUT DI TELUK SALEH KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Marzuki Muhammad , Nurjaya I Wayan , Purbayanto Ari , Budiharso Sugeng , Supriyono Eddi
Published: June 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status keberlanjutan pada dimensi ekonomi dan memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan pengelolaan budidaya di Teluk Saleh Kabupaten Sumbawa. Analisis keberlanjutan budidaya laut untuk komoditi rumput laut dan ikan kerapu sistem KJA dilakukan dengan metode Rap-Insus-Seaweed (Rapid Appraisal –Indeks Sustainability of Seaweed) dan Rap-Insus-Grouper (Rapid Appraisal –Indeks Sustainability of Grouper) telah dimodifikasi dari program RAPFISH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks tingkat keberlanjutan pada dimensi ekonomi budidaya rumput laut sebesar “39,74” dan untuk budidaya ikan kerapu sistem KJA sebesar “31,23”. Nilai tersebut terletak antara 25,00 - 49,9 berarti “Kurang Berkelanjutan”. Nilai indeks dan status keberlanjutan saat ini menunjukkan kondisi ekonomi wilayah perairan tersebut kurang mendukung pengelolaan budidaya laut, sehingga diperlukan intervensi kebijakan melalui pemberian bantuan mudal usaha, pelatihan teknis budidaya dan pengolahan, dan peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan pemasaran untuk meningkatkan status keberlanjutan pengelolaan dimensi ekonomi.Title: Sustainability Analysis of Mariculture Management in Saleh Bay of Sumbawa DistrictThis study aimed at determiny value of the index and the sustainability status in terms of economic dimension and provide recommendations for policies on marine aquaculture management in the Saleh Bay. Rap-Insus-Seaweed (Rapid Appraisal of Sustainability-Index Seaweed) and Rap-Insus-Grouper (Rapid Appraisal of Sustainability-Index Grouper) modified from Rapfish program were use in this study. Results showed that the index level of sustainability in terms of economic dimension were “39.74” and “31.23” for seaweed grouper  espectively. This value laid between 25.00 and 49.9 indicating that both management status were “Less Sustainable”. These values indicate that the economic conditions of that particular site was not support sustainable management of the marine aquaculture. Hence, government policing intervention through increased capital, technical training in aquaculture and processing as well as improvement in market institution are required.
MODAL SOSIAL KELOMPOK NELAYAN DI WADUK GAJAH MUNGKUR (Studi Kasus Kelompok Mina Tirta, Kecamatan Wuryantoro, Kabupaten Wonogiri)
Authors: Muhartono Rizky , Koeshendrajana Sonny
Published: June 2017

Modal sosial adalah serangkaian nilai-nilai atau norma-norma informal, seperti rasa saling percaya, saling pengertian, kesamaan nilai dan perilaku, yang membentuk struktur masyarakat dan menjadi perekat antar anggota kelompok yang berguna untuk koordinasi dan kerjasama dalam mencapai tujuan bersama. Makalah ini mengulas modal sosial yang terbentuk pada kelompok nelayan di perairan waduk Gajah Mungkur, khususnya di Kecamatan Wuryantoro, kabupaten Wonogiri. Metoda studi kasus dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2012-Januari 2013 dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam pada informan kunci yang terdiri dari unsur nelayan, koperasi, pengurus kelompok dan dinas. Data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan tahunan, statistik perikanan serta referensi sesuai dengan topik kajian. Analisa deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk menjelaskan modal sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwakelompok Mina Tirta memiliki modal sosial yang baik dari unsur pengikat (bonding), penghubung (bridging), dan pengkait (linking). Modal sosial yang baik dalam kelompok nelayan dapat mendukung pengelolaan perikanan Waduk yang lestari. Title: Social Capital of Fisher’s Group at the Gajah Mungkur Reservoir (Case Study at Tirta Mina Group, Sub District Wuryantoro, Wonogiri District)Social capital is a set of values or informal norms, such as mutual trust, mutual understanding, in common values and behaviors , which form the structure of society and be the glue between group members that are useful for coordination and cooperation in achieving a common goal. The paper reviews the social capital formed in groups of fisher in Gajah Mungkur reservoir, in Wuryantoro Sub district, Wonogiri district. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Primary data were collected in June 2012- January 2013 by conducting in-depth interviews to key informants, which consist of fisher, koperasi, groups of administrators and officials of fisheries agencies. Secondary data were obtained from annual reports, fisheries statistics and references according to the study topic. Qualitative descriptive analysis is used to explain social capital. The results showed that the Mina Tirta group have good social capital of elements- bonding, connecting/ bridging, and linking. Good social capital in the fisher’s group can support the sustainable management of reservoir fisheries.
Propidium Iodide (PI) Staining Method v1
Authors: Steven Wilhelm Dr.
Published: June 2017

Please contact Dr. Steven Wilhelm (wilhelm@utk.edu) for additional information regarding this protocol. Modified from J Mol Biol 13,269 (1965)
Detailed protocol for Leptospira isolation from animal samples v1
Authors: Yann Gomard , Lagadec Erwan and Tortosa Pablo not provided
Published: June 2017

This protocol is adapted from that detailed in the International Course on Laboratory methods for the Diagnosis of Leptospirosis, by Dr. R.A. Hartskeerl, Dr. H.L. Smits, Mr. H. Korver, Dr. M.G.A. Goris and Dr. W.J. Terpstra from the Leptospirosis Reference Center in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It is routinely used at UMR PIMIT, St Denis de La Réunion, France, for the isolation of pathogenic Leptospira from wild animals (terrestrial small mammals, bats and dogs). For Leptospira isolation from urine, go directly to step 10.
EFFECT OF THE ACIDIC TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WOOD RESIDUE ON BIOCOMPOSITE WETTABILITY AND MOISTURE SORPTION PROPERTIES
Authors: Jaunslavietis Jevgenijs , Shulga Galia , Ozolins Jurijs , Neiberte Brigita , Verovkins Anrijs , Vitolina Sanita , Livca Sandra
Published: June 2017

The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of the acidic treatment temperature of aspen sawdust as a filler on the moisture sorption, wetting and mechanical properties of wood-polymer composites. Aspen wood sawdust was treated with the dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 60oC and 90oC during 5 h. Both the treated particles and the filled composites were studied in terms of moisture sorption and wettability; their surface free energy was calculated using the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble (OWRK) approach. The obtained results have shown that the acidic treatment of aspen wood sawdust at 90oC leads to an increase in its hydrophobicity that decreases the wettability and moisture sorption of the obtained composite and increases its mechanical properties.
INVENTORY OF THE MOST INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES OF LATVIA IN THE “DAUGAVAS LOKI” NATURE PARK
Authors: Rutkovska Santa , Pučkina Irēna , Frolova Olga
Published: June 2017

During the realization of the scientific research program for mapping of the most invasive plant species of Latvia in the “Daugavas Loki” nature park (NP) field surveys were carried out during spring, summer and autumn seasons in 2016. In total 100 quadrats were surveyed. Invasive alien plants are species that are non-native to an ecosystem, and may cause a negative effect on environmental quality or human health. The obtained results indicate that the number of invasive alien plants species identified in 2016, i.e. 32 species, considerably increased in comparison with data about the distribution of invasive species given in the nature management plan of the “Daugavas Loki” NP in 2010, when only three species were mentioned. Many invasive plant species have been found in the ruderal biotopes – roadsides in the territory of nature park. The species with the highest number of localities are Acer negundo L., Sambucus racemosa L. and Rumex confertus Willd. The monitoring of certain most invasive species makes it possible to assess the changes in species number and occupied area.
PICKLING EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PREPARATION OF DIESEL OIL WITH PYROLYSIS OIL FROM WASTE RUBBER
Authors: Lei Wang , Yun Wang , Jie Jin
Published: June 2017

The research has been done for removing asphaltene by pickling process of diesel oil from pyrolysis oil self-made by waste rubber in this paper, and the study showed that pickling effect of concentrated sulfuric acid was better than concentrated hydrochloric acid. The best pickling effect was found when the concentration of sulfuric acid was 18.4mol/L, acid to oil ratio, namely, the amount of concentration of sulfuric acid to the amount of diesel oil ratio, was 25%. This experiment proved that removing asphaltene by pickling process using concentrated sulfuric acid was remarkable.
ON-LINE DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATION EVENT DETECTION METHODS
Authors: Dejus Sandis , Neščerecka Alīna , Juhna Tālis
Published: June 2017

A task of water supply systems is to provide safe drinking water to every customer, which is a basic human need. Aging of water supply networks and increased precaution of terrorism risks led to re-evaluation of drinking water supply system reliability and vulnerability to accidental and intentional contamination. Contamination of drinking water can cause health, social, psychological and economic issues. During the last decade, early warning systems (EWS) were often used to ensure the safety of drinking water. EWS are driven by conventional sets of drinking water quality sensors, and the collected data are analyzed in real time. For detection of contamination events, numbers of algorithms have been developed. Most of the algorithms are based on statistical analysis or machine learning. The aim of this study was to compare existing methods and to identify the method, which is suitable for contamination detection in drinking water from non-compound specific sensors and requires relatively low computational resource.

A detailed review of 11 different algorithms was presented in the current study with the primary focus on detection probability. Cluster analysis in combination with Mahalanobis distances of feature vectors and Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) approach were selected as the most promising methods for application in a new generation of EWS to detect and classify possible contamination events and agents. While canonical correlation analysis method was the most accurate for detection of contamination events, an advantage of Mahalanobis distances was that it not only detects the contamination events but also could identify the type of contaminant. In this study, we conclude that CCA and Mahalanobis distance methods might be applied for detection of contamination events with relatively high and reliable precision.
INTELLIGENT AND ADAPTIVE FUZZY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT HOMES
Authors: Jurenoks Aleksejs
Published: June 2017

“Smart houses” have widely established their position as a research field during the last decade. Nowadays the technical solutions related to energy resource management are being rapidly developed and integrated into the daily lives of people. The energy resource management systems use sensor networks for receiving and processing information during the realia time. Smart house adaptive and intelligent solutions has advanced towards common environment, which can take care of the inhabitants’ well-being in numerous ways. This paper propose to use a context sensitive and proactive fuzzy control system for controlling the automation processes in smart house environment. The designed monitoring system has adaptive and intelligent options, and it can operate using real time information received from sensors. The system is designed to operate fully in the background and can be installed to any exiting working system. This paper describes a central heating boiler control system implemented using the fuzzy control system designed. Author concentrates on the basic operation of such systems and present findings from the design process and initial tests.
THE ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATERSHED EFFECT ON THE HETEROTROPHIC METABOLISM IN THE LAKE ONEGO ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Kalinkina N. M. , Nazarova L. E. , Tekanova E. V. , Litinsky P. Yu. , Sidorova A. I.
Published: June 2017

Lake Onego, as one of the largest water bodies in a humid zone, is the recipient of terrestrial carbon and plays an important role in the global balance of this element. Due to heterotrophic metabolism in the Lake Onego ecosystem, substantial emissions of carbon dioxide from this lake into the atmosphere can be assumed. However, the extent of this phenomenon is still poorly known. As a climate change has led to an increase in water and organic matter flow into the northern water bodies, the carbon balance study of aquatic ecosystems is of particular relevance. The elements of the water balance for the Lake Onego catchment area in the current climate conditions are assessed. Based on satellite images the model of Lake Onego watershed terrestrial ecosystems is used to simulate the flow of organic matter into the lake with different types of vegetation and topography consideration. The assessment of the benthic communities habitat is carried out taking into account the accumulation of organic matter in various parts of Lake Onego.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN JOINT STREAMS REGULATION BY TWO HYDROELECTRIC COMPLEXES
Authors: Balzannikov M. I. , Mikhasek A. A. , Yurov V. M.
Published: June 2017

Lowland river water power developments are usually built to solve complex tasks on the basis of the requirements of rational use of water resources. First of all, operating conditions of hydroelectric complex structures should provide safety and economic efficiency in their work. Besides, they are aimed to satisfy various demands of water consumers. It is particularly important that behaviour of hydroelectric complex structures should satisfy contemporary requirements of environmental security.

The most important task here is to create favourable ecological conditions of life for people who live in settlements located in the zone of influence of two hydroelectric complexes located on different rivers. Here, to achieve environmental targets it is necessary to interlink modes of operation of these water storage control structures.

There are two water power developments built in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, in the middle flow of the Belaya River. Both of them have considerable impact on the formation of level mode and different consumers’ water supply. They are Umaguzinskiy and Nugushskiy water power developments.

Both hydroelectric complexes and their water reservoirs together satisfy the following generally accepted requirements of water consumers:

- they prevent the lowering of the water level in the river Belaya (during low streamflow period) below the minimum values required to ensure proper water supply for industrial enterprises;

- they generate electric power and provide industries and cities with electricity. To do that each water-economic complex has its own water reservoir and a set of retaining structures and required culvert installations.

In addition, the following environmental requirements are imposed on co-regulation of water runoff:

- protection of waterfronts of the towns Meleuz, Salavat, Ishimbay and Sterlitamak from flooding in flood season;

-protection of the territories of refineries in flood season (during water rise).

Umaguzinskiy water power development has the following water sluices to control water stream: 1) submerged flood-discharge outlet; 2) shore flood spillway; 3) aggregates of powerhouse. General water carrying capacity of hydroelectric complex structures is 3915 м3/c. Nugushskiy hydroelectric complex consists of hydraulic engineering structure power room (1) and left shore spillway (2). Combined water carrying capacity of all hydroelectric complex structures here is 1250 м3/c.

The authors investigated operation modes of Nugushskiy and Umaguzinskiy water power developments when linked into one water-economic complex and came to the conclusion that modes of operation of these water storage control structures should be adjusted in accordance with the operational condition of the main pressure installations and of downstream flood-control facilities. In particular, it is necessary to take into account the unfinished state of flood prevention measures in the middle reaches of the river Belaya.
UNIVERSITY IS ARCHITECTURE FOR THE RESEARCH EVALUATION SUPPORT
Authors: Niedrite Laila , Solodovnikova Darja
Published: June 2017

The measuring of research results can be used in different ways e.g. for assignment of research grants and afterwards for evaluation of project’s results. It can be used also for recruiting or promoting research institutions’ staff. Because of a wide usage of such measurement, the selection of appropriate measures is important. At the same time there does not exist a common view which metrics should be used in this field, moreover many existing metrics that are widely used are often misleading due to different reasons, e.g. computed from incomplete or faulty data, the metric’s computation formula may be invalid or the computation results can be interpreted wrongly. To produce a good framework for research evaluation, the mentioned problems must be solved in the best possible way by integrating data from different sources to get comprehensive view of academic institutions’ research activities and to solve data quality problems. We will present a data integration system that integrates university information system with library information system and with data that are gathered through API from Scopus and Web of Science databases. Data integration problems and data quality problems that we have faced are described and possible solutions are presented. Metrics that are defined and computed over these integrated data and their analysis possibilities are also discussed.
A REVIEW OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROCESS, ITS TOPICALITY, AND RELATED MODELS
Authors: Ponomarenko Viktorija , Novickis Leonids
Published: June 2017

The purpose of the research to provide an overview of technology transfer process to potential readers. The topicality of this issue in the world and the state of Latvian research works with the related topic was analyzed and presented in the paper. The author reviewed experiences of colleagues from other universities for identification main concepts used in this field and existing difficulties to perform technology transfer. The anticipated outcome of this review is the identification of information technology transfer model that could be used for transferring research results from Academia to Business Sector.
METHODOLOGY OF GROUP WORK ORGANISATION FOR STUDENT LEARNING PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Prokofyeva Nataly , Uhanova Marina
Published: June 2017

The article describes the methodology of learning programming for students of various engineering disciplines. The course "Algorithmization and Programming of Solutions" is taught to all first-year students of the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology in Riga Technical University and provides the basic knowledge of the principles of computational process algorithmization and software creation technology using Java programming language. There are 8 laboratory assignments in the course, where students have to develop a software programme and 2 group work assignments, where the student has to develop some algorithms to solve a given problem, write a programme, evaluate the speed of developed algorithms and prepare a presentation on the results of their research. The article describes the main principles of efficient student group work organisation that lets to increase their interest and motivate them to participate in the course in a responsible way. This paper is focused on research on how group work influences student learning performance.
LOGICAL AND PROBABILISTIC METHOD FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Karasev Vasily , Karaseva Ekaterina
Published: June 2017

In this paper we research the application of logical and probabilistic method to manage risk in socio-economic systems. Logical and probabilistic method is widely used for estimation of reliability and safety in structural complex technical systems. Authors have applied this method to estimate and analyze risk in some practical applications in economics and business. Based on risk scenario as tree of events, logics and probabilistic functions, this approach provides exact quantitative estimation of risk, risk analysis and decision-making procedures. Some promising results were obtained in banking industry and security portfolio management but application of the method has some features.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DYNAMIC MODELLING TOOL FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION PROJECTIONS IN RELATION TO GHG MITIGATION MEASURES
Authors: Rivza Peteris , Mozga Ivars , Berzina Laima
Published: June 2017

The present research study outlines a methodology for assessing agricultural production forecasts in Latvia with regard to the outcome of GHG emissions. A dynamic model was developed, which allows assessment of effects of various decisions and measures on agricultural production. The model consists of several mutually connected blocks: 1) modelling of agricultural indicators with relation to macroeconomic indicators; 2) calculation of GHG emissions according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines; 3) scenarios for analysing the impact on emissions by various mitigation measures, and 4) results for summarising the modelling outcome. The developed model may be used as a decision support tool for impact assessment of various measures to reduce emissions and for seeking solutions to GHG emission mitigation by agricultural policy decisions. The model was developed using the Powersim Studio software.