bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cadabarcos: ¿una necrópolis atípica? Una revisión cronológica de las fosas de cremación desde el extremo norte de la Península Ibérica (siglos III-IV d. C.)
Authors: Nión-Álvarez Samuel , Blanco-Torrejón Laura , Castro González María Guadalupe
Published: August 2023

El siguiente artículo expone una revisión del registro arqueológico de la necrópolis de Cadabarcos (Mañón, A Coruña). Este yacimiento, excavado en la década de los 40 por Federico Maciñeira e identificado como una necrópolis “galaicorromana”, podría presentar una cronología bastante más tardía respecto a lo habitual en los enterramientos con fosas de cremación. En el siguiente trabajo, se expone una profunda revisión de las características de este yacimiento, explorando su contexto de intervención, las dinámicas históricas de la región, los hallazgos documentados y las características de la zona intervenida, con la intención de verificar su adscripción funcional, cronológica y cultural. Atendiendo a los resultados, se realiza un análisis contextual del yacimiento, relacionándolo con las principales dinámicas de enterramiento del Noroeste penisular. Se analizan las prácticas y tradiciones funerarias desde el Alto Imperio hasta los inicios de la Antigüedad Tardía, estableciendo una comparativa entre distintas dinámicas regionales, y se propone una revisión cronológica y territorial de la cremación como práctica funeraria.
[gl] O siguiente artículo expón unha revisión do rexistro arqueolóxico da necrópole de Cadabarcos (Mañón, A Coruña). Este xacemento, escavado nos anos 40 por Federico Maciñeira e idenntificado como unha necrópole “galaicorromana”, podería presentar unha cronoloxía bastante máis tardía do habitual para os xacementos con foxas de cremación. No seguinte traballo, exponse unha profunda revisión das características deste xacemento, explorando o seu contexto de intervención, as dinámicas históricas da rexión, os achados documentados e as características da zona intervida, co obxectivo de verificar a súa adscrición funcional, cronolóxica e cultural. Atendendo aos resultados, realízase unha análise contextua, do xacemento, relacionándoo coas principais dinámicas de enterramento do Noroeste peninsular. Analízanse as prácticas e tradicións principais dende o Alto Imperio ata o comezo da Antigüidade Tardía, establecendo unha comparativa entre distintas dinámicas rexionais, e proponse unha revisión cronolóxica e territorial da cremación como práctica funeraria.
Resource Allocation in Fog Computing
Authors: Shyam Gopal K. , Bharti Priyanka
Published: August 2023

Cloud computing has already demonstrated its effectiveness in managing internet of things (IoT) applications and computationally intensive tasks and resources. Due to the substantial delay imparted by the network, cloud computing is not recommended for latency-critical applications. Excessive data flow and connections to data centers may clog up the system. Fog computing was developed to meet this difficulty. It is designed to expand the cloud computing capabilities to increase the quality of service (QoS) of such computing applications with a high latency requirement. In comparison to cloud datacenters, fog devices are dynamic and varied. In this chapter, the authors provide a solution to resource allocation issue in fog computing. The performance metrics such as scalability, reliability, and availability are optimized compared to the existing approaches.
Health Preventive Measure as a Service (HPMaaS)
Authors: Mishra Madhusmita , Jena Amrut Ranjan , Biswas Himadri
Published: August 2023

The present days passes through Industry 4.0. It emphasizes on intelligent computing, smart computing, cloud computing, internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML). In addition, the function of smart devices in these computing techniques make the work user friendly. Nowadays, health issues are a big challenge in society. In this industry revolution period, smart devices play significant role to provide health assistance in a finger touch. It is possible due to the increase in the number of smart devices and use of IoT, cloud, AI, and ML. Fog computing is the mechanism of providing quality services through optimization of the resources. This paper presents the hybridization of cloud computing with fog computing in the field of healthcare applications.
Quality and Performance Measures in Healthcare Systems Using Fog Computing
Authors: Patel Riyam , Acharjya Aditi , Patel Punyaban , Sivaiah Borra , Sahoo Bibhudatta
Published: August 2023

Health care organisations must now understand the problems of assessing health care quality and establishing programmes to improve it. The literature covers quality and performance measures in primary, quaternary, public health, and voluntary healthcare. Due to healthcare expansion, reaction time, security, and data volume, latency has become an issue. This systematic study examines fog-based healthcare system approaches. IoT, cloud, and fog computing have created many medical care platforms. Thus, an internet of things and fog computing-based diabetes monitoring system was created to aid diagnosis and prediction. The fog computing-based diabetes monitoring and prediction system includes logistic regression and a decision tree. ML methods can identify if the patient has diabetes. Diabetic patients apply the Donabedian method to improve healthcare quality. This chapter explores, classifies, discusses, and proposes a way to improve Donabedian model, analyses and critique current healthcare metrics, indicators, quality and safety measures, and challenges in measuring health care systems.
Analytical Approaches to QoS Analysis and Performance Modelling in Fog Computing
Authors: Kirsal Yönal
Published: August 2023

This book chapter focuses on the analysis of quality of service (QoS) and performance modelling in the context of fog computing. The chapter proposes analytical frameworks for QoS analysis and performance modelling of fog computing systems. The chapter starts with an introduction to fog computing and the importance of QoS analysis in such systems. The next section presents a literature review of related work and different approaches to QoS analysis in fog computing. The proposed analytical frameworks are then described in detail, including their different components and assumptions. Case studies are also presented to demonstrate the application of the analytical frameworks. The case studies include a scenario of a fog computing system with a specific architecture and different performance metrics and models used for the analysis. The results and analysis of the case studies are then presented. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of the key findings and contributions of the analytical frameworks.
Analyzing the Role of Popular Scientific Journalism in STEM and Turkey's Science Communication Model
Authors: Gürkan Hasan , Echazarreta Carmen Soler
Published: August 2023

This study examines the contributions of popular science magazines in Turkey to STEM as a field and discusses science journalism's support of the STEM world. The study explores the rules and perspective of science journalism and discusses the contributions of this field to STEM and STEM literacy. In its discussion of the impact of popular science magazines on STEM literacy, the study encompasses magazines in Turkey that publish science journalism and popularize science, making it easier for the public to understand. The study's interviews reveal that popular science magazines deliberately construct gendered language to increase popular knowledge and awareness of this field. Finally, the study summarizes the goals for scientific publications and science journalism in Turkey seeking to promote STEM literacy: (i) preparing content that will strengthen the public's relationship with science, (ii) promoting the number and quality of scientific studies in Turkey, (iii) challenging political power to realize the role of science, and (iv) reducing fake news.
Reviving Indigenous Clay Pot Production for Students' Entrepreneurial and Vocational Inspiration
Authors: Petters Janet S. , Ekpenyong John Asuquo , Owan Valentine Joseph , Asuquo Michael Ekpenyong
Published: August 2023

This book chapter provides a comprehensive overview of indigenous clay pot production, including its definition, importance, and history. It explores how clay pot production is practised in different parts of Africa, such as Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria, and its significance in various cultures. The chapter examines the types of clay used in pot production, different techniques used, and traditional tools and equipment employed. Moreover, the chapter highlights the potential of clay pot production for students' entrepreneurship and vocational career development. It delves into the challenges of pursuing a career in clay pot production, such as the limited market for pottery products, access to raw materials, learning curve, physical demand, business challenges, and creative isolation among others. Through case studies, the chapter shows how clay pot production has aided entrepreneurial success despite these challenges. This chapter is a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding the world of clay pot production and its potential for economic and cultural development.
Comparative Utility of Biofeedback Parameters in Predicting Perceived Relaxation
Authors: Kapadia Vishwum S. , Thakore Yuan-Hua N. , Kapadia Samir
Published: August 2023

Background:

Biofeedback is a mind-body technique where individuals track their biological functions to decrease stress.

Aims and Objectives:

There were two objectives in this study: (1) Understand the changes in biofeedback measurements, such as changes in respiration rate and skin temperature, during relaxation and (2) Correlate these changes to their perceived relaxation, which can help determine if certain biofeedback methods can quantify the extent of relaxation.

Materials and Methods:

Eleven volunteers of 55 ± 3 years were relaxed for 11 min in a controlled environment using a session from the “Calm” app. Four biofeedback parameters were measured during the relaxation period (skin temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, and skin resistance). Postrelaxation, subjects completed a questionnaire to report the changes in their perceived relaxation state. Average skin resistance significantly increased from 314.75 Ω to 393.33 Ω (P = 0.04, two-tailed paired t-test). The changes in all other parameters were statistically insignificant, with the average skin temperature increasing from 86.55°F to 88.04°F (P = 0.24), heart rate decreasing from 71.90 bpm to 71.36 bpm (P = 0.51), and respiration rate decreasing from 14.82 rpm to 14.72 rpm (P = 0.88). All participants reported some degree of relaxation. However, there was no significant correlation between the parameters and degree of subjective relaxation (P > 0.05, Pearson's test).

Conclusion:

Only skin resistance showed a statistically significant change over the relaxation period, coinciding generally with the volunteers' perception of increased relaxation.
Teachings from the Life of Lord Hanuman: A Guide for Health-care Workers during COVID-19
Authors: Bhattacharya Sushmita , Karahda Aarti , Aggarwal Ashish , Saneja Kuldeep , Pandey Arun Kumar
Published: August 2023

Unprecedented circumstances necessitate extraordinary measures. Professionals in health care have been the frontline fighters against COVID-19. They have worked tirelessly, putting their own and family members’ lives at risk. We would like to share our personal experience with using lessons from Lord Hanuman’s life and how they can be applied during the COVID-19 era. The easy connection between a person’s mental health and the almighty, combined with a deep faith in mythology, appears to make it an easy way to boost fighters’ morale.
Intimate Partner Violence among Women with Somatoform Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nair Shruti , Nataraj Sushma , Satyanarayana Veena A , Desai Geetha
Published: August 2023

Background:

Somatoform disorders and medically unexplained symptoms are reported to be common in women and associated with significant disability. Studies have shown that women experiencing Intimate Partner Violence are more likely to report somatic symptoms. This systematic review aims to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates of IPV in women presenting with MUS and somatoform disorders. Method: We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and Gray literature via Google scholar. We included studies which gave data on prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in women with somatoform disorders and medically unexplained symptoms from 2000 to 2020. The Inclusion criteria for this review were women between 18-59 years of age with a diagnosis of somatoform disorders or medically unexplained symptoms and outcome measure taken as prevalence of IPV.

Results:

A total of 157 articles were screened of which 2 articles were taken for data extraction. The two studies included for data extraction were not suitable for prevalence estimates. There appeared to be no uniformity in identifying medically unexplained symptoms and Intimate Partner Violence.

Conclusion:

This systematic review shows an appalling gap in research in women with medically unexplained symptoms. It also brings out the need to have an uniform assessment and evaluation of medically unexplained symptoms and Intimate Partner Violence.
Extent and Severity of Internet Addiction in Persons with Common Mental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sidana Ajeet , Aggarwal Sonali , Jhalli Arshdeep , Kardam Kampila
Published: August 2023

Background:

There is a scarcity of literature about Internet addiction (IA) in common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders. Early identification of IA in CMDs can help in better management of both disorders.

Aims:

To assess the extent and severity of IA in persons with CMDs.

Methodology:

This was a cross-sectional, single-group, exploratory study conducted at the Department of Psychiatry of tertiary care teaching hospital in North India. Patients aged 18 years and above and diagnosed with CMDs (Neurotic and stress-related disorders, Depressive Disorder, and substance use disorder) as per the ICD-11 criteria were included in the study after taking written informed consent. The severity of CMDs was assessed on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale, Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire and Severity of Opioid Dependence Questionnaire. The level of IA was assessed using Young’s IA Test.

Results:

A total of 150 patients diagnosed with CMDs were included. Males were slightly more than females (56% v/s 44%), most were younger than 40 years of age (55.3%), married (66.7%) and from urban (65.3%) background. Out of 150, 84 (56%) had depressive disorder, 45 (30%) had anxiety disorder, 15 (10%) had OCD and only 6 (4%) had substance use disorders. 69 (46%) participants had IA (36 mild and 33 moderate) and none had severe IA. A significant association was found between IA and CMDs (P < 0.05). Age, marital status, and type of residence were independent predictors or risk factors for IA.

Conclusion:

The index study concludes that there is a strong association between CMDs and IA. About half of persons with CMDs have IA.
Suicidal Behavior Prevalence and Sociodemographic Determinants Among Delhi College Students: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gangipogu Vijay Kumar , Chaudhary Vineet , Saraswathy Kallur Nava , Jain Sonal
Published: August 2023

Background:

The high burden of suicide among young adults is a matter of grave concern worldwide. Yet only a few studies from India have attempted to explore the region-specific prevalence and determinants of suicidal behavior. Considering this research gap, the present study was undertaken to capture the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of suicidal behavior among college-going young adults residing in Delhi.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among 272 (59.20% females) college-going young adults (aged 18–30 years) of Delhi. Data on sociodemographic variables were captured through a pretested and modified interview schedule. Screening for suicidal behavior was done using the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.

Results:

Suicidal behavior was present in 18.01% of the studied participants. The prevalence of suicidal behavior was significantly higher among females (21.73%) than among males (12.61%) (P < 0.05), suggesting females are at a higher risk than males. Other sociodemographic variables (age, education level, state of origin, social category, religion, and family income) were not found to be associated with suicidal behavior except for the social category, where participants belonging to reserved castes were found to be at relatively lower risk of having suicidal behavior than those belonging to the unreserved category.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of suicidal behavior among the participants is quite high. Region-specific data on suicide-related behavior is important for averting completed suicides and preventing devastating outcomes among young adults.
Social Psychiatry Amid Biological Psychiatry and Indian Perspective
Authors: Ram Dushad , Mathew Akash
Published: August 2023

Many decades has passed since the Indian Association for Social Psychiatry was founded, and the social psychiatry movement in India began, but overall growth in this discipline has been gradual. In India, the field of psychiatry is rapidly expanding, and there is a need to reflect and consider what may be done to address the issues of social psychiatry. In recent years, it has been stated that social psychiatry is in trouble as an academic and medical discipline. We have attempted to highlight the importance of social psychiatry and its current state, developments, and challenges in this article. We also tried to envision future scenarios and offer suggestions for overcoming obstacles.
Forgiveness as a Therapeutic Construct: Theoretical and Clinical Evidence
Authors: Daniel Liza Thankam , Bose Swarnali , Goyal Nishant
Published: August 2023

Despite the evidence of having physical and mental health benefits of practicing forgiveness, resistance among therapists is evident, probably due to the lack of a coherent theoretical grounding in the understanding of forgiveness. Hence, to encourage the practice of forgiveness in clinical settings, more rigorous studies should be planned along with re-conceptualization of existing models of forgiveness by taking account of variables such as personality and other contextual factors. The purpose of this article is to explore the concept of forgiveness as a therapeutic construct and to discuss the benefits and limitations of practicing forgiveness in therapeutic settings.
Healing with Storybooks: Using Bibliotherapy to Help Children Cope with Death
Authors: Malhi Prahbhjot , Bharti Bhavneet
Published: August 2023

Bibliotherapy refers to a dynamic process that occurs when mindful reading of books helps the reader to gain potential insight into their life experiences, overcome negative emotions, and enhance adaptive coping. The key to effective therapeutic reading involves selecting developmentally appropriate books with portrayed characters, situations, and emotional experiences with whom the child can identify. Children’s literature can be used as a pedagogical and clinical tool to teach values, facilitate emotional growth, and promote healthy development. The present case report demonstrates that parent-directed bibliotherapy has the potential to reduce childhood fears and help young children come to terms with loss in a nonthreatening and engaging way. The easy accessibility and low cost make bibliotherapy the treatment of choice in low- and middle-income countries where there is a need for alternative options for the delivery of services due to the scarce availability of trained child mental health professionals.
Integrating Grief Counseling in Responses to Disasters and Epidemics
Authors: Ramamurthy Chandra , Juvva Srilatha
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, like other disasters and pandemics that have preceded it, has forced us to deal with the aftermath of preventable deaths, alongside despair and grief, which may impact us for many years to come. It has also reinforced the need to develop better protocols that deal with the physicality of disaster and pandemic situations, alongside the emotional aftermath brought on due grief and loss. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive grief response that will be far reaching and inclusive and can be integrated in all responses to disasters and pandemics. The objective of the study is to advocate the development of a protocol that has grief counseling at the center of all responses in disaster/pandemic management. It also suggests some recommendations for mainstreaming grief counseling within the current Psychological First Aid that is followed during disasters and pandemics situations.
Early detection system of risk factors for diabetes mellitus type 2 utilization of machine learning-random forest
Authors: Ginting Johannes B. , Suci Tri , Ginting Chrismis N. , Girsang Ermi
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

The prevalence of morbidity and mortality for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is still increasing because of changing lifestyles. There needs to be a means of controlling the rise in the incidence of the disease. Many researchers have utilized technological advances such as machine learning for disease prevention and control, especially in noncommunicable conditions. Researchers are, therefore, interested in creating an early detection system for risk factors of type 2 diabetes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in February 2022, utilizing secondary surveillance data from Puskesmas Johar Baru, Jakarta, in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Data was analyzed utilizing various bivariate and multivariate statistical methods at 5% significance level and machine learning methods (random forest algorithm) with an accuracy rate of >80%. The data for the three years was cleaned, normalized, and merged.

RESULTS:

The final population was 65,533 visits out of the initial data of 196,949, and the final number of DM 2 population was 2766 out of the initial data of 9903. Age, gender, family history of DM, family history of hypertension, hypertension, high blood sugar levels, obesity, and central obesity were significantly associated with type 2 DM. Family history was the strongest risk factor of all independent variables, odds ratio of 15.101. The classification results of feature importance, with an accuracy rate of 84%, obtained in order were age, blood sugar level, and body mass index.

CONCLUSION:

Blood sugar level is the most influential factor in the incidence of DM in Puskesmas Johar Baru. In other words, a person with a family history of type 2 diabetes, at unproductive age, of female gender, and of excessive weight can avoid type 2 diabetes if they can regularly maintain their blood sugar levels.
Effect of concept mapping model on critical thinking skills of family medicine residents: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mahmoud Mervat M.S. , Shokry Dina A. , Mowafy Maha A.E. , Elden Nesreen M.K. , Hasan Marwa D.A.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

The cognitive process of critical thinking (CT) involves the examination of the existing reasons and an analysis of the information to draw conclusions and make decisions. The goal of the study was to determine how concept mapping (CM) technique affects family medicine residents’ capacity for critical thought.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We conducted a randomized controlled trial among family medicine residents aged between 26 and 28 years. A total of 100 residents were involved; over the course of 3 months, 50 residents were exposed to the conventional teaching model and 50 residents to the CM model. Data was collected using California CT skills test (CCTST) modified Arabic version and a self-administered questionnaire. The primary intervention was teaching method, experimental group received CM lessons while control group had conventional lessons. First session was carried out at baseline and second session one week after baseline, whereas 3rd, 4th, and 5th sessions conducted at end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd months, respectively. Both groups were assessed at baseline and at end of 3rd month. Both groups were reassessed at end of three months. Quantitative data was presented as mean and SD, whereas frequencies and percentages used for qualitative data. Pre- and post-intervention CT scores for study groups were compared using t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. Groups were compared on pre- and post-intervention CT grades using Chi-square test.

RESULTS:

Vast majority (98%) of participants were females, nearly half were 27 year old, and belonged primarily to urban areas (76%). There was no difference in the CT scores between the groups at baseline. The post-intervention CT scores for study group were statistically significantly higher (18.36±2.68) compared to control group (15.94±1.94) (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The CM approach was superior to the conventional teaching approach in terms of improving CT.
Perception of Saudi undergraduate medical students on telemedicine training and its implementation
Authors: El Kheir Dalia Y. M. , AlMasmoom Nour S. , Eskander Mariam K. , Alshamrani Reem A. , Alwohaibi Rawaa N. , AlTheeb Fatimah N. , Aleid Bedour A.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

The use of telemedicine has increased considerably in healthcare delivery, especially during this time of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It has, therefore, become necessary to train medical students to better equip them for this new means of healthcare delivery. The aim of the present study was to assess the perception of undergraduate medical students on telemedicine training.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 521 undergraduate medical students studying in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected via a self-administered pretested questionnaire comprising two main sections: demographics and knowledge and opinions regarding telemedicine training.

RESULTS:

About 73% students think that the use of telemedicine for patient care will increase in the future, and 59.3% think that the medical students should be trained in telemedicine. Majority of the students (78%) opined that telemedicine training should be optional and 58% said it should be taught during the clinical phase of the undergraduate curriculum. The best telemedicine training course learning objectives medical students opined to be included were: telemedicine practical skills (70.2%), legal aspects of telemedicine practice (68.3%), and potential positive and/or negative use of telemedicine tools and methods (67.6%). Telemedicine skills students would like to learn how to effectively engage patients, knowledge about telemedicine regulations and the consequences of breaching them.

CONCLUSION:

Medical students are aware of the importance of incorporating telemedicine training into the medical curriculum. Training these students is vital to ensure their competence as physicians in their future clinical careers, that is make them a digitally health-literate future workforce.
Predictors of depression among the elderly persons with disabilities in Indonesia
Authors: Widagdo The Maria M. , Widyaningsih Bernadeta D. , Layuklinggi Setywanty
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Depression is a major mental problem in the elderly, particularly those with disability. This study’s aim was to identify variables that predict depression in the elderly with disabilities.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Gunungkidul Regency and Yogyakarta City from April to June 2021. The study participants were community-dwelling elderly aged 60 years and above with disabilities, who could communicate verbally without any apparent cognitive impairment. Data was collected by interviewing participants using structured questionnaire on following sections: Demographic characteristics, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Washington Group Short Set (WG-SS), Barthel Index of activities of daily living (ADL), Lawton Instrumental ADL (IADL) Scale, and Geriatric Depression Scale-30 (GDS-30). Multivariate linear regression analysis applied to identify variables significantly correlated with depression. Multinomial logistic regression analysis performed to obtain the odds ratio (OR).

RESULTS:

Study included 115 elderly persons with disabilities. Most of them had mobility impairment. Higher independence in ADL and being married were related with lower risk of depression, whereas increased age at disability increased the risk of depression (P = 0.001). The elderly who had greater independence with daily activities were less likely to have depression (OR = 0.639 for mild depression and OR = 0.589 for severe depression). Those who were not married were more likely to have mild depression (OR = 3.203) and severe depression (OR = 29.119). compared to the married elderly. Age at acquiring disability was associated with higher risk for mild depression (OR = 1.025) and severe depression (OR = 1.053). Higher independence in ADL and being married were related with lower risk of depression, whereas increased age at disability increased the risk of depression (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Independence in the ADL, being married, and being disabled as a young adult are negative predictors of depression in the elderly with disability.
Interobserver reproducibility of RENAL nephrometry score in comparison to simplified PADUA Renal nephrometry score
Authors: Arora Manali , Randhawa Lovepreet Singh , Lakhera Devkant , Thakker Vishal , Abhishek K. Aditya , Singh Dipesh , Chaudhary Rohit , Azad Rajiv Kumar
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the standard of care for renal tumors, especially in the early stages. RENAL Nephrometry scores provide a comprehensive presurgical predictive module for the choice of NSS or Radical Nephrectomy. The validity and reliability of Nephrometry scores is being tested continuously with advancement in the surgical techniques. The Simplified PADUA Nephrometry score (SPARE NS) is a newer proposed score which aims to better the reproducibility of the previously established nephrometry scores.

Materials and Methods:

The retrospective observational study studied the comparative inter-observer reliability of RENAL (RENAL NS) and SPARE nephrometry scoring systems amongst two radiologists while assessing solid renal tumors in contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans of 42 patients. Interobserver reliability for all components of both scores, final scores and risk grading was done by Kendall’s Concordance Coefficient (Tau).

Results:

Both RENAL NS and SPARE NS showed strong to excellent agreement (RENAL NS = 78.57% and SPARE NS = 88.09%) among observers with comparable correlation co-efficient (RENAL NS = 0.944 and SPARE NS = 0.935). Lesion radius and exophytic/endophytic properties were the most reproducible components of RENAL NS with 97.61% and 92.85% agreement, respectively. Location across polar lines was the least reproducible component with 85.71% agreement among observers. Exophytic rate (97.61%) and Rim location were the most reproducible components of SPARE NS. The final lesion risk stratification by both observers for both was concordant in 92.85% of cases.

Conclusion:

The SPARE system of scoring matches up to the RENAL NS in total score and risk stratification reproducibility. However, the individual components of the SPARE score are more reproducible than those of RENAL NS, bringing about better compliance among radiology consultants. Comparable reproducibility with the RENAL NS, lesser number of variables, and ease of doing make SPARE NS a plausible option for the customary preoperative assessment of renal tumors.
Contractible 3-manifolds and positive scalar curvature (II)
Authors: Wang Jian
Published: August 2023

In this article, we are interested in the question whether any complete contractible 3- manifold of positive scalar curvature is homeomorphic to

\mathbb{R}^3

. We study the fundamental group at infinity,

\pi_1^\infty

, and its relationship to the existence of complete metrics of positive scalar curvature. We prove that a complete contractible 3-manifold with positive scalar curvature and trivial

\pi_1^\infty

1 is homeomorphic to

\mathbb{R}^3

.
Deletion-contraction triangles for Hausel–Proudfoot varieties
Authors: Dancso Zsuzsanna , McBreen Michael , Shende Vivek
Published: August 2023

To a graph, Hausel and Proudfoot associate two complex manifolds,

\mathfrak{B}

and

\mathfrak{D}

, which behave, respectively, like moduli of local systems on a Riemann surface and moduli of Higgs bundles. For instance,

\mathfrak{B}

is a moduli space of microlocal sheaves, which generalize local systems, and

\mathfrak{D}

carries the structure of a complex integrable system.

We show the Euler characteristics of these varieties count spanning subtrees of the graph, and the point-count over a finite field for

\mathfrak{B}

is a generating polynomial for spanning subgraphs. This polynomial satisfies a deletion-contraction relation, which we lift to a deletion-contraction exact triangle for the cohomology of

\mathfrak{B}

. There is a corresponding triangle for

\mathfrak{D}

.

Finally, we prove that

\mathfrak{B}

and

\mathfrak{D}

are diffeomorphic, the diffeomorphism carries the weight filtration on the cohomology of

\mathfrak{B}

to the perverse Leray filtration on the cohomology of

\mathfrak{D}

, and all these structures are compatible with the deletion-contraction triangles.
Presence and monitoring of albino giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) in the Cerrado savanna
Authors: Attias Nina , Yogui Débora Regina , Alves Mario , Kluyber Danilo , Costa Miriã Ribeiro , Pereira da Silva Polyana Mayume , Queiroz Ednilson Paulino , Desbiez Arnaud L. J.
Published: August 2023

Here we present two cases of albinism in giant anteaters from the same area in Central Brazil. The two juvenile individuals presented light-colored fur, unpigmented eyes, and pinkish skin around the eyes, ears, and snout tip. One of the individuals died before achieving adulthood. Given that albinism might affect individual behavior, survival, and fitness, we have started the GPS monitoring of one of the albino individuals. We present the results of our initial health assessment of the individual, showing that its parameters are generally within normality. We also present opportunistic observations showing that its atypical coloration did not affect intraspecific interactions, i.e., the parental care provided by its mother. Finally, we discuss the potential relationship between the individuals, how this could be related to landscape degradation and its associations with population declines in the region. Hence, these records provide additional evidence on the urgency of implementation of conservation measures to cease further population declines of giant anteaters in the Cerrado biome, here, focusing on the Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil.
Injusticia epistémica y práctica médica
Authors: Murguía Lores Adriana
Published: August 2023

La obra de Miranda Fricker se ha convertido en el curso de dos décadas en una referencia ineludible en la epistemología social analítica para el análisis de cómo incide el poder en las relaciones epistémicas entre agentes socialmente situados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las condiciones que favorecen la comisión de injusticias testimoniales en la consulta médica y argumentar que el naturalismo adoptado por Fricker requiere robustecerse con aportaciones conceptuales y empíricas de las ciencias sociales, que han analizado dimensiones cruciales para comprender por qué la práctica médica en las sociedades contemporáneas es tan propicia a que se cometan injusticias epistémicas sistemáticas que ahondan las condiciones de vulnerabilidad en que se encuentran las personas que enfrentan condiciones médicas.
NOVAS CONFIGURAÇÕES TÉCNICO-TÁTICO-ESTRATÉGICAS DO BASQUETEBOL CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Canan Felipe , Hirata Edson , Souza da Silva Yan Carlos , Pimentel Alencar André Luís , Melleiro Malagutti João Paulo
Published: August 2023

O basquetebol tem passado por contínuos processos de modificação e pormenorização da compreensão sobre estilos de jogo, funções dos jogadores e diversificação das ações tático-técnicas. Tendo essa perspectiva em vista, objetivou-se identificar e analisar novos padrões de ações tático-técnicas dos jogadores, funções estratégico-táticas dos jogadores e estilos de jogo das equipes, diferentes do que é comumente apresentado em livros didáticos tradicionais de basquetebol. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória com procedimento documental. A fonte de dados consistiu em todas as 1.795 publicações do perfil de Instagram especializado em análise de jogadores de basquetebol, denominado Central do Draft, entre setembro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2022. Foram identificadas de 105 novos ações/funções/estilos, sendo 61 ações táticos-técnicas, 39 funções estratégico-táticas e 5 estilos de jogo. A maioria diz respeito à fase ofensiva do jogo. O quantitativo de ações/funções/estilos identificadas corrobora a premissa de que o basquetebol tem se modificado e pormenorizado.
GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF SANITATION AND PERSONAL HYGIENE IN HARYANA: A CASE STUDY OF JIND DISTRICT, HARYANA
Authors: . Manjit , . Rakesh
Published: August 2023

Having the quality of sanitation makes man a social animal. Clean habitat, clean living habits save man from various diseases. Sanitation is the main part of the culture in India. Mahatma Gandhi has been given special importance on sanitation. At present, the Prime Minister of India has given a special intention to the Ganga cleaning campaign and swachh Bharat mission. Many programs are run for the sanitation of India. Many campaigns have been started in Haryana for the purpose of sanitation and to make the Swachh Bharat mission successful. In this study an attempt has been made to know the importance of sanitation and the status of sanitation in the context of Jind district. Through this research, the sanitation related habits of the people of rural areas of Jind have been ascertained, and it represented through simple tables. In this research, primary data has been collected and information has been taken from each respondent by simple random sampling. By the help of this data status of sanitation and personal hygiene of Jind district has been shown.
Warburgia Ugandensis: A Review of Compounds and Bioactivity
Authors: Opiyo Sylvia
Published: August 2023

Warburgia species (Canellaceae) are traditionally used to treat a wide range of illnesses including stomach ache, diarrhea, abdominal pains, toothache, oral thrush, venereal diseases, cold and cough, fever, muscle pains, weak joints, skin diseases, malaria, parasitic infections and snake bite. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants have been linked to the secondary metabolites which are biosynthesized by the plants. The aim of this study was to review the bioactivities and chemical composition of Warburgia ugandensis. The findings from this study show that extracts from the plant have antifungal, antibacterial, antiulcer, insect antifeedant, molluscicidal, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and anti-plasmoidal effects. The most investigated part of W. ugandensis is the stem bark (22 articles) followed by leaves (15), root bark (6), seeds (2) and fruits (2). All parts the plant have important bioactivities. Sixty nine compounds have been reported from the plant including sesquiterpenes (43), flavonoids (15), lignanamides, and macrocyclic glycosides (10) and fatty acid (1) some of which have demonstrated different bioactivities. The drimane sesquiterpenes are the main class of sesquiterpenes in the plant. The Further investigation of the not well studied parts of the plant such as the flowers and fruits is recommended to determine their chemical composition and efficacy in disease management.
Green synthesis of nano particles from biodegradable waste extracts and their applications
Authors: Ponduru Hari Krishna , Gurubilli Chandra Sekhara Rao , Mudunuru Sowmya , Banisetti Dileep Kumar
Published: August 2023

Nanoparticles have become a significant component of advancing industries from technology to medicine and the environment. However, the synthesis of nanoparticles can impact their ability to function effectively within real-world applications, and this can cause negative consequences. This novel approach that utilizes processes such as regulation, control, clean-up, and remediation aims to increase the eco-friendly level of these essential particles. By reducing harmful by-products produced through the process of conventional nanoparticle synthesis, there will be less toxic unsustainable products created. The use of natural resources such as organic systems will aid in achieving the goal of creating a greener and more sustainable economy; however, it will require industrial assistance with the adoption of these alternative approaches. Metallic nanoparticles can be synthesized in a more sustainable and ‘green’ process through utilizing plant alternatives or biological materials such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and plant extracts. This greener approach can be a single step or ‘one pot’ process which requires a lower energy level than conventional processes. Another benefit is that this reduction method is more cost-efficient. Green-synthesized nanoparticles have clinical applications. When silver nanoparticles were treated against S. aureus, their antibacterial activity was at its peak. Nanoparticles used as drug carriers are highly stable, can incorporate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances, and can be delivered via a variety of routes also including oral application and inhalation.
Ethnobotanical Research in the Digital Age: Harnessing Technology for Data Collection and Analysis
Authors: Banisetti Dileepu Kumar , Kosuri Nagendra Prasad
Published: August 2023

Ethnobotanical research has been transformed by the digital age, as technology offers innovative tools to collect, manage, and analyze data. This review delves into the advancements in digital ethnobotanical research, including the development of databases, mobile applications, social media, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, big data analytics, and machine learning. It also discusses the challenges and ethical considerations that arise with the use of technology in ethnobotanical research. By embracing these technological advancements responsibly, researchers can enhance the scope, efficiency, and cultural sensitivity of ethnobotanical investigations.
Establish and apply ISI pathological method to evaluate the intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Huang Shuanghui , Wei Wenyan , Wu Jianing , Geng Yi , Chen Defang , Guo Hongrui , Fang Jing , Deng Huidan , Lai Weiming , Yin Lizi , Chen Zhengli , Huang Xiaoli , Ouyang Ping
Published: August 2023

Gut health is essential for animal growth because it can absorb nutrients more efficiently, promote growth, and protect the body from invasion by pathogenic microorganisms. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, water quality, nutrition level, pathogen, net fishing, and so on will affect the gut health of aquatic animals. Intestinal diseases in aquatic animals were often not easily detected, making them difficult to prevent and control. Therefore, establishing a stable and scientific evaluation standard of gut health was of great significance. This study evaluated the effects of gross pathological and histological parameters of largemouth bass and channel catfish infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 150 largemouth bass and 150 channel catfish were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1 control group (NC) and 4 challenge groups (CH, fish were infected with A. hydrophila by intraperitoneal injection with a concentration of 200 µL 1x108 CFU/mL, 1x107 CFU/mL, 1x106 CFU/mL, and 1x105 CFU/mL, respectively). After the challenge, largemouth bass’ gross pathological and histological changes were observed on the 2nd, 6th, 9th, 12th, and 14th days. In contrast, channel catfish’s gross pathological and histological changes were observed on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, and 15th day. In this study, regarding the “I See Inside” (ISI) methodology of poultry, a pathological evaluation method of fish intestinal health was established to comprehensively evaluate the intestinal health status of fish by gross pathological and histopathological score. In gross pathology, it was scored by the body surface and intestinal lesions. In histology, it was a metric evaluation of histological alterations in the intestine, converting macroscopic and microscopic alterations into numbers and then scoring. Each evaluation parameter sets up an “influence factor” (IF) according to the degree of influence of its pathological changes on intestinal function. The final score was the sum of the IF product and this parameter’s score. The results of two kinds of fish showed that the gross pathological and histopathological scores correlated with the infection dose and time. And the significant difference in the score between the enteritis and control groups was observed. The results showed that the higher score, the more serious the pathological changes of fish infected by A. hydrophlia. From this, it can be concluded that the pathological evaluation method established can be used to evaluate the gut health of fish.
EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS RISET MELALU LMS MOODLE MENGGUNAKAN CIPP MODELS
Authors: Zainudin M , Utami Anita Dewi
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kualitas dari keterlaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis riset yang diselenggarakan secara jarak jauh melalui bantuan learning menagement system moodle dengan menggunakan model evaluasi Contex, Input, Process, dan Product (CIPP). Sumber data terdiri dari dosen, mahasiswa, dokumen fakultas, dokumen program studi, dan lms moodle yang digunakan dalam perkuliahan. Data dikumpulkan melalui checklist evaluasi CIPP (2002), wawancara semi terstruktur, analisis dokumen dan observasi. Data dianalisis melalui analisis isi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran yang diselenggarakan secara penuh melalui lms moodle yang berisi perangkat perkuliahan, diampu oleh dosen dengan keahlian sesuai dengan mata kuliah, mahasiswa yang kooperatif dalam sistem perkuliahan, dilakukan dengan pendekatan virtual synchonous dan self-directed asynchronous learning, dan collaborative asynchronous learning yang tepat dan efektif, penggunaan metodologi dan strategi pembelajaran yang berbeda memiliki dampak yang besar pada keterampilan, sikap, perilaku, nilai dalam merancang penelitian pendidikan dan menyusun proposal penelitian pendidikan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Namun, pemberian tugas proposal diberikan di akhir-akhir program sehingga waktu penyelesainnya cenderung sangat singkat. Hal ini terkesan tidak mengakomodir semua kemampuan mahasiswa. Mahasiswa yang cenderung berpikir lambat akan tertinggal dalam pemenuhan tugas tersebut. Kata kunci : Pembelajaran jarak jauh, pembelajaran berbasis riset, model cipp, lms moodle.