bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commitment to educator wellbeing
Authors: Moxley Kate
Published: November 2022

Working in early years is an increasingly stressful and challenging role. We have to ask, how are we equipping both current and new educators entering the profession to ensure they have the tools they need to protect and advocate for their mental health and wellbeing?
Aims and key findings from student research
Authors: Leow Abigail
Published: November 2022

In the final article of Abigail's series, she reflects on her key findings from her research around practitioners' views on music withing early years settings.
Is YouTube™ a good source of information for patients to understand laparoscopic fundoplication?
Authors: Noll D , Green L , Asokan G , Barbaro A , Hewitt J , Ovenden C , Kanhere H , Trochsler M
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease affects 10–20% of the population, and laparoscopic fundoplication is one management option. As the most frequently accessed video-sharing website, YouTube has become a popular source of information for patients. This study conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the quality and demographics of patient education videos available on YouTube for laparoscopic fundoplication.

Methods

Three searches were performed on YouTube using the phrases ‘laparoscopic fundoplication’, ‘heartburn surgery’ and ‘reflux operation’. The Health on The Net (HON) code, DISCERN and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) systems were used to score the first 75 results from each query. Information about each video was collected, including number of views, time since posting, number of comments and the author of the video. Relationships between these variables and video quality were investigated.

Results

The median number of views was 3,793. The most common author category was videos produced by surgeons. Overall the quality was poor, mean HON score was 2.5/8, mean DISCERN score was 29.3/80 and mean JAMA score was 1.5/4. Surgeon-authored videos scored higher when scored using the HON and JAMA systems. Videos of longer duration scored higher using all three scoring systems. No other factors were found to be associated with video quality.

Conclusion

The quality of information in YouTube videos on laparoscopic fundoplication is unreliable. Doctors should be aware of this and caution their patients of YouTube’s limitations. Further research is needed to develop validated scoring systems for evaluating the quality of patient education videos.
Continuously tunable photonic true-time-delay device for millimeter-wave beamforming
Authors: Paul Banaful , Sertel Kubilay , Nahar Niru K.
Published: November 2022

We present a novel CMOS compatible plasma dispersion modulation scheme for slow wave photonic true-time-delay structure harnessing the frozen mode to enable applications in millimeter-wave (mmWave) beamforming. Leveraging the Soref–Bennett model for the electro-refractive effect in silicon plasma dispersion, continuous tunability of approximately 6.8 ps/V with a peak delay of approximately 11.4 ps is achieved for a low threshold voltage of 0.9 V. This plasma dispersion will enable fast and sophisticated modulation and beamforming in 5G mmWave and 6G terahertz communications.
Interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy imaging with an electronically variable time-of-flight filter
Authors: Zhao Mingjun , Zhou Wenjun , Aparanji Santosh , Mazumder Dibbyan , Srinivasan Vivek J.
Published: November 2022

Diffuse optics (DO) is a light-based technique used to study the human brain, but it suffers from low brain specificity. Interferometric diffuse optics (iDO) promises to improve the quantitative accuracy and depth specificity of DO, and particularly, coherent light fluctuations (CLFs) arising from blood flow. iDO techniques have alternatively achieved either time-of-flight (TOF) discrimination or highly parallel detection, but not both at once. Here, we break this barrier with a single iDO instrument. Specifically, we show that rapid tuning of a temporally coherent laser during the sensor integration time increases the effective linewidth seen by a highly parallel interferometer. Using this concept to create a continuously variable and user-specified TOF filter, we demonstrate a solution to the canonical problem of DO, measuring optical properties. Then, with a deep TOF filter, we reduce scalp sensitivity of CLFs by 2.7 times at 1 cm source-collector separation. With this unique combination of desirable features, i.e., TOF-discrimination, spatial localization, and highly parallel CLF detection, we perform multiparametric imaging of light intensities and CLFs via the human forehead.
Manipulating propagation and evolution of polarization singularities in composite Bessel-like fields
Authors: Wang Xinglin , Yan Wenxiang , Gao Yuan , Yuan Zheng , Ren Zhi-Cheng , Wang Xi-Lin , Ding Jianping , Wang Hui-Tian
Published: November 2022

Structured optical fields embedded with polarization singularities (PSs) have attracted extensive attention due to their capability to retain topological invariance during propagation. Many advances in PS research have been made over the past 20 years in the areas of mathematical description, generation and detection technologies, propagation dynamics, and applications. However, one of the most crucial and difficult tasks continues to be manipulating PSs with multiple degrees of freedom, especially in three-dimensional (3D) tailored optical fields. We propose and demonstrate the longitudinal PS lines obtained by superimposing Bessel-like modes with orthogonal polarization states on composite vector optical fields (VOFs). The embedded PSs in the fields can be manipulated to propagate robustly along arbitrary trajectories, or to annihilate, revive, and transform each other at on-demand positions in 3D space, allowing complex PS’ topological morphology and intensity patterns to be flexibly customized. Our findings could spur further research into singular optics and help with applications such as micromanipulation, microstructure fabrication, and optical encryption.
Independent evaluation of Wolbachia infected male mosquito releases for control of Aedes aegypti in Harris County, Texas, using a Bayesian abundance estimator
Authors: Lozano Saul , Pritts Kevin , Duguma Dagne , Fredregill Chris , Connelly Roxanne
Published: November 2022

Among disease vectors,Aedes aegypti(L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) is one of the most insidious species in the world. The disease burden created by this species has dramatically increased in the past 50 years, and during this time countries have relied on pesticides for control and prevention of viruses borne byAe.aegypti. The small number of available insecticides with different modes of action had led to increases in insecticide resistance, thus, strategies, like the “Incompatible Insect Technique” usingWolbachia’s cytoplasmic incompatibility are desirable.

We evaluated the effect of releases ofWolbachiainfectedAe.aegyptimales on populations of wildAe.aegyptiin the metropolitan area of Houston, TX. Releases were conducted by the company MosquitoMate, Inc. To estimate mosquito population reduction, we used a mosquito abundance Bayesian hierarchical estimator that accounted for inefficient trapping. MosquitoMate previously reported a reduction of 78% for an intervention conducted in Miami, FL. In this experiment we found a reduction of 93% with 95% credibility intervals of 86% and 96% after six weeks of continual releases. A similar result was reported by Verily Life Sciences, 96% [94%, 97%], in releases made in Fresno, CA.
Witch Nails (Krt90whnl): A spontaneous mouse mutation affecting nail growth and development
Authors: Sundberg John P. , Galantino-Homer Hannah , Fairfield Heather , Ward-Bailey Patricia F. , Harris Belinda S. , Berry Melissa , Pratt C. Herbert , Gott Nicholas E. , Bechtold Lesley S. , Kaplan Pauline R. , Durbin-Johnson Blythe P. , Rocke David M. , Rice Robert H.
Published: November 2022

Numerous single gene mutations identified in humans and mice result in nail deformities with many similarities between the species. A spontaneous, autosomal, recessive mutation called witch nails (whnl) is described here where the distal nail matrix and nail bed undergo degenerative changes resulting in formation of an abnormal nail plate causing mice to develop long, curved nails. This mutation arose spontaneously in a colony of MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J at The Jackson Laboratory. Homozygous mutant mice are recognizable by 8 weeks of age by their long, curved nails. The whnl mutation, mapped on Chromosome 15, is due to a 7-bp insertion identified in the 3’ region of exon 9 in the Krt90 gene (formerly Riken cDNA 4732456N10Rik), and is predicted to result in a frameshift that changes serine 476 to arginine and subsequently introduces 36 novel amino acids into the protein before a premature stop codon (p. Ser476ArgfsTer36). By immunohistochemistry the normal KRT90 protein is expressed in the nail matrix and nail bed in control mice where lesions are located in mutant mice. Immunoreactivity toward equine KRT124, the ortholog of mouse KRT90, is restricted to the hoof lamellae (equine hoof wall and lamellae are homologous to the mouse nail plate and nail bed) and the mouse nail bed. Equine laminitis lesions are similar to those observed in this mutant mouse suggesting that the latter may be a useful model for hoof and nail diseases. This first spontaneous mouse mutation affecting the novel Krt90 gene provides new insight into the normal regulation of the molecular pathways of nail development.
High-speed lateral stability and trajectory tracking performance for a tractor-semitrailer with active trailer steering
Authors: Hou Yu , Xu Xiaomei
Published: November 2022

An active trailer steering (ATS) controller is investigated to improve the lateral stability and trajectory tracking performance of the tractor-semitrailer. First of all, a linear yaw-roll dynamic model of the tractor-semitrailer with steerable trailer wheels is established, and the model accuracy is verified. Then a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) for actively steering the trailer’s wheels is designed. For the LQR controller, the lateral acceleration and the sideslip angle at the center of gravity (CG) of the trailer are taken as the optimization objectives, and the steering angle of the wheel on the middle axle of the trailer is set as the control input. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed controller is tested based on the co-simulation platform under the single lane-change (SLC) maneuver at the speed of 100 km/h and the double lane-change (DLC) maneuver at the speed of 80 km/h and 88km/h. Research results show that under the high-speed SLC maneuver, the designed LQR controller can significantly improves the lateral stability and trajectory tracking performance of the trailer, and cannot affect apparently the trajectory and dynamic responses of the tractor. Under the high-speed DLC maneuver, the designed controller can still make the tractor-semitrailer reach a new steady state in a short time, and improve the vehicle lateral stability and the trajectory tracking performance of the trailer at the same time.
The path to applied journalism and media studies
Authors: Barkho Leon , Lugo-Ocando Jairo
Published: November 2022

This editorial note provides a short overview of the journal as it ushers in its second decade of publishing. It highlights the remaining gaps in the literature of praxis-based studies in the realm of journalism and media research and what needs to be done to address these. It lays down the theoretical and praxis-based foundations for the journal and a road map for the future type of submissions the journal encourages as it celebrates its inclusion in Q2 of the ‘Communication’ category on Scopus and commences its second decade of publishing. The note calls for a shift of focus to the top of journalistic and media practice and identifies the areas in which more research is needed within the realm of praxis-based theory and methodology. It concludes with a set of research questions for future submissions in line with the journal’s thrust and interrelated dimensions.
Effects on skills and knowledge of a sensory teaching program for culinary students
Authors: Damsbo-Svendsen Marie , Menadeva Karpantschof Bat-El , Stovgaard Mikkel , Christensen Jacob Højgaard , Frøst Michael Bom
Published: November 2022

Culinary practitioners (chefs and healthcare cooks) need tools to systematically assess and improve the sensory quality and acceptance of the food they produce. Sensory science provides these tools to develop, revise and improve foods. However, in the culinary arts educations in Denmark teaching in sensory science is limited. We developed a teaching programme for culinary arts educations, focusing on the use of central practices of sensory science in production kitchens. The teaching programme was tested and developed in dialogue with vocational teachers and culinary students. The material consists of five theoretical and practical teaching modules that cover topics such as the senses, sensory vocabulary development and training, fast sensory methods and factors contributing to palatability. In total, 137 culinary students participated in the teaching programme. The goal was to make culinary students master sensory evaluation techniques and improve their ability to develop food that is liked by consumers. Consequently, these practitioners can improve the sensory quality and acceptance of sustainable and healthy foods. Learning outcomes in a combined sensory knowledge (ten questions) and skills test (eight sensory tasks) were examined. Altogether 89 culinary students participated in both the baseline and follow-up test. Results demonstrate a highly significant effect in both domains. The knowledge scores were significantly higher after than before the course and the scores in the skills tests revealed a significant improvement of culinary students’ vocabulary after completing the course as measured by a higher number and quality of descriptors used to describe four different foods in an open description task. A higher number of descriptors used to describe foods by means of a check-all-that-apply (CATA) sensory descriptive methodology emphasized these findings. Integrating a course on sensory science and methods into the culinary arts educations leads to significant improvement of culinary students’ sensory vocabulary, knowledge and skills. The sensory educational programme is available in Danish with elaborate instructions for teachers through Taste for Life’s online services. Additionally, to train vocational teachers so they can teach it themselves, virtual courses on the sensory educational content were created in 2021 and are accessible online.
Progression towards an 80:20 (plant-based:animal-based) energy balance via specially designed Meal Kits
Authors: Daverkosen Svend , Ejlersen Søren , Mouritsen Ole G.
Published: November 2022

Various measures, both by government and commercial entities, are currently taken to promote a more sustainable eating behaviour, in particular in western countries, involving more plant-based foods and less meat. Whereas nudges in this direction previously were predominantly based on both individual and public health recommendations, the arguments for shifts in this direction now include global climate, sustainability and a general lowering of stresses on planetary health. The question is now whether a focus on climate has more effect on our food choices than a singular focus on nutrition and health. We argue that without an understanding of how to prepare delicious plant-based foods with those taste qualities (umami and kokumi) that humans generally crave across cultural and traditional food and taste preferences, it will be difficult to progress significantly towards eating more vegetables and less meat at the population level. In this study, using market-driven data over the period 2016–21 from a major Danish company that annually delivers more 1.5 million meal boxes (Meal Kits) to Danish households, we quantitatively probe the development towards a more plant-based diet among a well-defined set of consumers using Meal Kits. We trace a positive development towards an 80:20 (plant-based:animal-based) energy balance and a concomitant lowering of the carbon footprint for these eaters. Based on an analysis of the recipes that come with the Meal Kits, we propose that the umami and kokumi content of the prepared meals may be a reason for the observed progression, highlighting the importance of taste as a key to changing eating behaviour.
Umami taste as a driver for sustainable eating
Authors: Schmidt Charlotte Vinther , Mouritsen Ole G.
Published: November 2022

In the present article it is proposed that a focus on taste is instrumental for promoting a green transition towards a more sustainable eating behaviour involving a more plant-based diet. In particular, it is pointed out that umami is a key driver for this transition because on the one side green food like vegetables typically lack this basic taste that humans on the other side are genetically primed to crave by evolution. We highlight how a mechanism of synergy operates and can be applied to enhance umami taste by a combination of free amino acids and free nucleotides in the same food item either by culinary preparation or by appropriate food pairing. Examples of the power of umami synergy are given, with some focus on sustainable marine foods like bivalves and cephalopods as well as vegetables. Finally, we demonstrate how umami taste as a driver for sustainable eating can be brought to work in the context of communication to children as well as the general public, e.g., by gamification.
Rethinking the design of (food) conferences: The case of Creative Tastebuds 2021
Authors: Højlund Susanne , Schneider Mikael , Rymann Eva
Published: November 2022

Climate change, food systems and sustainability are nowadays connected themes at many conferences. In response to these societal challenges, we arranged the symposium Creative Tastebuds 2021 to qualify questions and studies across disciplines on how we can all eat sustainably for both pleasure and planet. But how can conferences be designed in ways that build up the new knowledge that are needed today? Based on a critique of the traditional concept of conferences we discuss how alternative designs can contribute to new understandings and new answers. With inspiration from design anthropology, we discuss how knowledge production can be stimulated based on three basic elements: conceptual curation of the event, experimental and interdisciplinary collaboration and a sensuous scenography that fits the content of the conference. The symposium was designed to create an ambitious, interdisciplinary and creative atmosphere, where dialogues were facilitated in innovative ways and across virtual and physical participants. The reasoning is that audiences need to be engaged in new ways in order to foster creativity and be able to invent new solutions. Food conferences are especially suitable for playing with formats, as food is a topic everyone can relate to, and in addition, it points to the sensuous aspects of knowledge exchange. In this article, we explore conference design around the subjects of food and taste through examples of the dialogue-creating instruments used at the symposium Creative Tastebuds 2021.
Managerial antecedent factors of export market-oriented organizations and their performance consequences : Studying hungarian higher education institutions using a configurational approach
Authors: Berács József , Nagy Gábor
Published: November 2022

The study focuses on the managerial antecedents of export market-orientation and tests the complex interaction of these factors to two outcomes of interest (that is, high export market performance vs. the absence of high export market performance) with a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analytical approach (fsQCA). Using a combined survey data of twenty five export-orientated higher education institutions based in Hungary the results show that a complex interaction of ma- nagerial antecedents factors to export market-orientation and export market-orientation leads to a high export market performance, whereas misfit between these factors yields the absence of a high export market performance; a complex analytical and theoretical approach missing from export market-orientation and strategic human resource management literatures. Results of the study can enrich the understanding of the complex interaction of the managerial antecedent factors to export market-orientation; therefore, providing valuable insights to academic and managerial audiences ali
Implementasi Pancasila Terhadap Kasus Korupsi yang Terjadi di Indonesia
Authors: Febriyana Diyah , Octaviani Nagita , Anggraeni Thania , Fitriono Riska Andi
Published: November 2022

Korupsi merupakan masalah besar bagi bangsa Indonesia karena merugikan rakyat dan mengganggu kestabilan ekonomi suatu negara. Korupsi ini dapat disebabkan oleh implementasi yang buruk dari nilai-nilai Pancasila. Dengan demikian, solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan memastikan bahwa nilai Pancasila dapat diimplementasikan dengan lebih baik dalam skala kecil atau besar sebanyak mungkin. Ranah kecil terdiri dari keluarga dan masyarakat, sedangkan ranah besar terdiri dari pemerintah atau negara itu sendiri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan mengumpulkan data dari buku, jurnal, makalah, dan referensi lainnya terkait korupsi dan Pancasila. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Pancasila penting dalam upaya menurunkan prevalensi korupsi di Indonesia.
Štěstí – proč se jím zabývat a jak ho měřit u učitelů základních škol?
Authors: Pivarč Jakub
Published: November 2022

Jednou z klíčových podmínek pro zajištění kvalitní výuky je, aby ve školách působili šťastní a spokojení učitelé. Tato studie si kladla za cíl konceptualizovat základní východiska štěstí a adaptovat zahraniční nástroje, jejichž prostřednictvím je možné konstrukt spolehlivě měřit, pro účely použití u učitelů v českém prostředí. Subjektivní míra štěstí byla v této studii zjišťována na dostupném vzorku 604 učitelů základních škol. Těm byla administrována zkrácena osmipoložková verze Oxfordského dotazníku štěstí a čtyřpoložková Škála subjektivního štěstí, a to počátkem roku 2020 (před plošným uzavřením škol z důvodu pandemické situace způsobené virem SARS-CoV-2). Výsledky psychometrických analýz potvrdily pro oba testované nástroje předpokládanou jednofaktorovou strukturu, kriteriální validitu a vysokou vnitřní konzistenci. Víceskupinovou konfirmační faktorovou analýzou bylo také prokázáno, že u obou českých verzí dotazníků bylo dosaženo plné striktní invariance měření pro srovnávané skupiny učitelů z hlediska stupně, na kterém deklarovali výuku. Dále se ukázalo, že učitelé základních škol dosahovali relativně vysokých hodnot skóru na obou testovaných škálách, přičemž jen nepatrně vyšší míru štěstí deklarovali učitelé z 1. stupně v porovnání se svými kolegy z 2. stupně. Limity studie, podněty pro budoucí výzkumy a další využití testovaných nástrojů, které lze doporučit jak pro výzkumné účely, tak pro účely pedagogické diagnostiky v praxi, jsou diskutovány.
Inkluzivní vzdělávání na plně organizovaných základních školách
Authors: Vítová Jitka , Wolf Janet , Skutil Martin , Maněnová Martina
Published: November 2022

Cílem studie je zmapovat inkluzivní přístupy plně organizovaných škol, na kterých studenti učitelství plní pedagogické praxe. Tyto školy přijímají na pedagogické praxe studenty programu Učitelství pro 1. stupeň ZŠ.
Metody: Na základě analýzy dostupných nástrojů byl použit český překlad mezinárodně uznávaného ukazatele inkluze od autorů Booth a Ainscow (2007). Pro šetření byl využit pozorovací arch č. 1, který může být použit i externím nezávislým pozorovatelem. Jako pozorovatelé působili zaškolení studenti učitelství 1. stupně ZŠ druhého až pátého ročníku, kteří ve spolupracujících školách vykonávali dlouhodobou praxi. Výzkumný soubor činí 139 plně organizovaných škol.
Výsledky: Na základě získaných výsledků lze konstatovat, že většina škol, kam docházejí studenti na praxi, započala více či méně inkluzivní proces a nadále se snaží o jeho rozvoj. Pouze dvě školy získaly hodnocení pod 20 % celkového počtu bodů. Jedná se o školy, které získaly nízké hodnocení ve všech třech oblastech, tj. budování inkluzivní kultury, inkluzivní politika školy i rozvoj inkluzivní praxe. Naopak osm škol dosáhlo nadprůměrný výsledek ve všech třech oblastech.
Závěry: Z výsledků vyplývá, že nemalý počet škol studenti hodnotili z pohledu realizace inkluzivního vzdělávání negativně, a je proto otázkou, zdali s těmito školami má být vedena spolupráce při praktické pedagogické přípravě budoucích učitelů.
Leadership and Innovation in Public Sector Organizations: A Case-Study of the Emirate of Dubai
Authors: Hashmi M. Anaam , Al Maazmi Sabah
Published: November 2022

This qualitative study is based on extensive interviews from government and semi-governments organization in the Emirate of Dubai. The study found a strong relationship between leadership and innovation in public-sector organizations of Dubai. Creation of innovation culture has a positive impact on organizational performance as well.
Public Relations in Consultancy Practice: Empirical Insights from Ghana
Authors: Dowuona-Hammond Margaret , Amo-Mensah Mavis
Published: November 2022

This paper presents findings of a study on the nature of Public Relations (PR) in consultancy practice. The qualitative study specifically focused on case studies of three top PR management consultancies in Ghana. Drawing on the excellence theory as framework, the study involved in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of corporate communication managers from the three consultancies and review of corporate documents. The results suggest that the nature and dynamics of PR services provided in the three consultancies were similar although there were some notable variations in practice relative to patterns of work, account processes and fee structures. There were skilled professionals in the consultancies who offer a vast range of managerial PR services, predominantly on reputation management issues both offline and online, in addition to other technical functions. The study also established that the consultancies build strategic alliances and relationships with global holding companies to improve their competitive positioning and also create a wider network of diverse clientele. There is evidence that the consulting part of PR is currently booming. However, research on PR in consultancy practice has largely been neglected in the mainstream PR scholarship. The findings of the study, therefore, have implications for consulting firms recruiting PR professionals as well as consultants focusing on PR strategies and campaigns for their clients. The study also offers critical reflections on how PR strategies can effectively contribute to consultancy knowledge and practice beyond the Western context. The findings are original since no such research has previously been explored in Ghana.
Alcohol Policies in Pacific Islands Countries and Territories: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ikiua Monleigh , Nosa Vili
Published: November 2022

Alcohol has been a neglected health issue for many Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICT). This scoping review explores the current alcohol policies in PICT. This review utilises the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses for Scoping reviews' to search and screen for literature on alcohol policies. 64 Articles, ranging from 1963 to 2020, form the final data synthesis. The results of this review reveal that all PICT have some form of alcohol policy in place. Firstly all PICT have a legal drinking age in place, however it varies between 18 and 21 years. Many PICT have prohibitions on the presence of liquor outlets near workplaces, schools, and churches. Finally all PICT have an alcohol taxation scheme in place. The alcohol tax on spirits is generally higher than beer across all PICT. Unintended consequences of taxation schemes is an increase in home-brew consumption. Overall for some PICT, alcohol taxation did reduce alcohol consumption. There is a need for a co-ordinated regional response and recommendations for targeted domestic programming in PICT. Addressing government stability in the region and democratic process are areas that need to develop consistent, effective legislation and policy for the implementation of successful alcohol programmes.
Ekokritika i Zarobljenik šumske kuće Anđelke Martić u izdanju Eko Vjeverice
Authors: Batinić Ana
Published: November 2022

The introductory part of the article aims to briefly present the main ideas of ecocriticism, a relatively new theoretical approach to the study of literary texts, and also provide basic information about a special publishing project launched at the beginning of the 1990s byMladost publishing house—Eko Vjeverica ( Eco Squirrel ), a book series intended for children. After that, the focus of the analysis is shifted to one of the titles from the series, Zarobljenik šumske kuće ( Prisoner of the Forest House ), a collection of stories written by a Croatian author Anđelka Martić. The main research issues in this article, which are at the same time the basic guidelines of ecocritical approach in the analysis of literary works, relate to the study of fundamental ecological values implied by the word “nature”—what nature is in a given context, in which way nature is experienced and perceived by human characters and how that perception has changed over the years, and also how the world around us acquires meaning through textual representations of nature.
Człowiek, przestrzeń i natura. Boka Kotorska w prozie Nikoli Malovicia
Authors: Nowak-Bajcar Sylwia
Published: November 2022

The article presents the imaginary structure of The Bay of Kotor in selected works ( the novels: Latajući Bokelj [Wandering Bokelj], Jedro nade [Sail of Hope] and the collection of short stories Prugastoplave storije [Striped Blue Stories]) by Nikola Malović, as well as the issues of ideological consequences of this literary creation, in which the region becomes a metonymy for the problems of the modern world. The story of the Bokelian identityis a story about rooting, about space treated as oikos, and about a man as one of the elements of this system. In Malović’s reflection, the awareness of the writer’s place of origin is combined with the awarenessof responsibility for it. Looking for the disastrous consequences for humans in the interdependence between power ( politics ) and knowledge ( civilization development ), in returning to the tradition and experiences of ancestors, he sees an antidote to the devastating activity of man, which links this concept with the current of research referred to as traditional ecological knowledge.
My Four Dogs: Urban Ecology in Vjeran Miladinović Merlinka’s Terezin sin
Authors: Filipović Andrija
Published: November 2022

In this article, I analyze the relations between humans, non-humans, and infrastructure in Vjeran Miladinović Merlinka’s fictionalized autobiography Terezin sin. I argue that queer humans and non-humans share a particular ontological and axiological space and time in urban ecology in relation to the built environment of cis-heteronormative socius grounded in reproductive heterosexuality.The fictionalized autobiography that is explored in this article offers a particular view of minoritarian relation as it depicts a queer form of relationality that is lived sideways to the cis-heteronormativity and reproductive heterosexuality as an oppressive form of life that creates a specific kind of infrastructural intimacy for itself in the urban built environment. Relations between queer humans andnon-humans under these conditions are decidedly messy, as they are described as both caring and exploitative in Terezin sin.
Zróżnicowanie postaw społecznych uczniów i nauczycieli z województwa wielkopolskiego w czasie pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Czasopisma Redakcja
Published: November 2022

Emilia Bogacka, Jan Hauke, Anna Tobolska, Justyna Weltrowska Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań 2021 Seria Studia i Prace z Geografii nr 92 ISBN 978-83-7986-384-6 197 stron
Bezprecedensowe zdarzenia związane z pandemią COVID-19 w różnym stopniu wpłynęły na codzienne życie wszystkich ludzi. Jedną ze sfer silnie dotkniętych skutkami zaistniałej sytuacji były (i są)  usługi  edukacyjne. W monografii skupiono się na szkolnictwie podstawowym i średnim, dokonując analizy najbardziej znaczących aspektów postaw uczniów, nauczycieli i dyrekcji placówek szkolnych wobec nowych wyzwań w okresie pandemii, związanych z reorganizacją przebiegu lekcji z formy kontaktowej w budynku szkoły na zdalną,  prowadzoną przez różnego rodzaju platformy komunikacyjne. Podjęte zagadnienia badawcze zostały opracowane w perspektywie regionalnej, tj. dotyczą całego  województwa  wielkopolskiego, z próbą jednoczesnego uwzględnienia wewnętrznych (powiatowych) różnic przestrzennych w postawach głównych interesariuszy usług edukacyjnych, tj. uczniów, nauczycieli, a także dyrektorów szkół.
Additional niches and architecture added in the Tang dynasty to the Vairocana niche in the Fengxian Temple at Longmen
Authors: Peng Minghao , Li Ruoshui
Published: November 2022

The niche with the colossal statue of Vairocana Buddha in the Fengxian Temple in Longmen was carved in the second year of the Shangyuan reign period of the Tang dynasty. At the beginning of the Kaiyuan reign, additional niches were carved into the same cliff wall. Based on spatial analysis of the surviving holes for architectural structures and their relation to the niches added later, it is inferred that the architecture in front of the niche was not built after the construction of these later niches. These two construction events could have belonged to the same construction phase. The construction of the architecture in front of the Vairocana niche completely altered the outer appearance and visibility of the statues, which then resulted in the relocation of worship activities from the open area to an enclosed space created by the wooden-structured temple in front of the niche.
民国时期印尼华文小学课程设置的本地化研究
Authors: 锦恩 于
Published: November 2022

印度尼西亚的华文教育在 1920 年代到 1930 年代曾经对小学阶段的课程采取了一系列的本地化措施，但是因为面向祖国的办学方针始终根深蒂固，所以导致横向上配合不够，纵向上连接失调，学生不能学以致用，没有为华人学子奠定坚实的谋生基础。华文小学理想的本地化课程配置应该坚持三个面向：面向祖国，面向居留地，面向学子谋生。在课程设置本地化的具体过程中，应该始终固守以汉语汉字为标志的中华文化传承。为了最大限度地实现顺畅交际，除了学习汉语标准语，还要学习当地比较流行的汉语方言、本地土语及官方语言;配合相关的语言学习，实用的谋生技能的学习也要协调推进，同时，体现本地风土文化的内容不可或缺。
Public Nuisance is a Tort
Authors: Bullock David
Published: November 2022

In a well-known article, Thomas Merrill posed the question “Is Public Nuisance a Tort?”, ultimately answering the question in the negative: “public nuisance is not, and never was, a tort.” This article reaches a different answer to Merrill’s question. It argues that Merrill was wrong to conclude that the characterisation of public nuisance as tort was a recent invention and that public nuisance claims are not privately actionable by individual plaintiffs. The article presents a defence of the private action for public nuisance and concludes, on both an historical and a theoretical account, that public nuisance has long been understood as a tort at common law, and for good reason.
Exceptional points at bound states in the continuum in photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Qin Haoye , Shi Xiaodong , Ou Haiyan
Published: November 2022

We propose the realization of exceptional points (EP) at bound states in the continuum (BIC), with two coupled strips, made of an electron-beam resist and patterned on the thin film photonic integrated platform, which makes possible etchless photonics integrated circuits (PIC). The loss rate of the EP can be significantly decreased through merging the BIC peaks in the dual-BIC scheme. The orthogonality of the eigenvectors is retrieved for evaluating the Hermitian orthogonal eigenvectors and the non-Hermitian EP features. We also find that engineering the dimension of the dual-BIC scheme enables a transition between the coalesced eigenvectors in the EP and the orthogonal eigenvectors in the Hermitian system. This work is of great significance for the exploration on BIC-based directional coupling with ultralow-loss phase matching conditions, special coupling conditions of EPs and BICs with coupled quasi-BIC systems, dynamical EP encircling, and EP topology, in PICs.
Evaluation of LoRa nodes for long-range communication
Authors: Gupta Gunjan , Van Zyl Robert , Balyan Vipin
Published: November 2022

The Internet of Things concept can be implemented using Long-range wireless access network protocol. The work in this article is done to implement LoRa terrestrial network which will be connected to a satellite in future. The work mainly studies the number of collisions and the impact of it on the network. The work is simulated and is done to determine the number of LoRa nodes which can successfully transmit at a given time. Different combinations of spreading factor and bandwidth at different duty cycles are used to assess the performance of the network.
Du Flâneur au traceur: playful bodies in urban spaces
Authors: Thibault Mattia , Tarasti Eero
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates how play practices affect players’ relationships with the urban environment through the bodily movement and performances that characterize them. Building on a definition of playful behavior derived by semiotics of culture, we investigate urban play from the perspective of motor praxology to outline how movement is central for the experience of the players. We then concentrate on the role of semiotic valorizations in different urban contexts, notably the famous typology of Metro users by Floch and different kinds of ludic mobility. Finally, we combine these two perspectives with the zemic model realized within existential semiotics in order to create a typology or urban players as well as urban playful enunciation modes.
P2X7 Receptor and Purinergic Signaling: Orchestrating Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Zelentsova Alexsandra S. , Deykin Alexei V. , Soldatov Vladislav O. , Ulezko Anastasia A. , Borisova Alina Y. , Belyaeva Veronika S. , Skorkina Marina Y. , Angelova Plamena R.
Published: November 2022

Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the basic hallmarks of cellular pathology in neurodegenerative diseases. Since the metabolic activity of neurons is highly dependent on energy supply, nerve cells are especially vulnerable to impaired mitochondrial function. Besides providing oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondria are also involved in controlling levels of second messengers such as Ca2+ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, the critical role of mitochondria as producers of ROS is closely related to P2XR purinergic receptors, the activity of which is modulated by free radicals. Here, we review the relationships between the purinergic signaling system and affected mitochondrial function. Purinergic signaling regulates numerous vital biological processes in the CNS. The two main purines, ATP and adenosine, act as excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, respectively. Current evidence suggests that purinergic signaling best explains how neuronal activity is related to neuronal electrical activity and energy homeostasis, especially in the development of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying the involvement of the P2RX7 purinoreceptor in triggering mitochondrial dysfunction during the development of neurodegenerative disorders. We also summarize various avenues by which the purine signaling pathway may trigger metabolic dysfunction contributing to neuronal death and the inflammatory activation of glial cells. Finally, we discuss the potential role of the purinergic system in the search for new therapeutic approaches to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
De NovoBrain-Computer Interfacing Deforms Manifold of Populational Neural Activity Patterns in Human Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Iwama Seitaro , Zhang Yichi , Ushiba Junichi
Published: November 2022

Human brains are capable of modulating innate activities to adapt to novel environments and tasks; for sensorimotor neural system this means acquisition of a rich repertoire of activity patterns that improve behavioral performance. To directly map the process of acquiring the neural repertoire during tasks onto performance improvement, we analyzed net neural populational activity during the learning of its voluntary modulation by brain-computer interface (BCI) operation in female and male humans. The recorded whole-head high-density scalp electroencephalograms (EEGs) were subjected to dimensionality reduction algorithm to capture changes in cortical activity patterns represented by the synchronization of neuronal oscillations during adaptation. Although the preserved variance of targeted features in the reduced dimensions was 20%, we found systematic interactions between the activity patterns and BCI classifiers that detected motor attempt; the neural manifold derived in the embedded space was stretched along with motor-related features of EEG by model-based fixed classifiers but not with adaptive classifiers that were constantly recalibrated to user activity. Moreover, the manifold was deformed to be orthogonal to the boundary byde novoclassifiers with a fixed decision boundary based on biologically unnatural features. Collectively, the flexibility of human cortical signaling patterns (i.e., neural plasticity) is only induced by operation of a BCI whose classifier required fixed activities, and the adaptation could be induced even the requirement is not consistent with biologically natural responses. These principles of neural adaptation at a macroscopic level may underlie the ability of humans to learn wide-ranging behavioral repertoires and adapt to novel environments.
Angular Tuning Properties of Low Threshold Mechanoreceptors in Isolated Rat Whisker Hair Follicles
Authors: Yamada Akihiro , Furue Hidemasa , Gu Jianguo G.
Published: November 2022

Angular tuning is preferential sensory response to a directional stimulus and is observed in the whisker tactile system. In whisker hair follicles, there are at least three types of low threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs): rapidly adapting (RA), slowly adapting type 1 (SA1), and slowly adapting type 2 (SA2). These LTMRs display angular tuning but their properties remain incompletely studied. Here, we used isolated rat whisker hair follicles and pressure-clamped single-fiber recordings to study angular tuning of these LTMRs. Angular tuning was determined with impulses elicited by ramp-and-hold deflection of whisker hair in 24 directions each at 15° for a total of 360°. We show that RA display impulses during ramp-up, both ramp-up and ramp-down, or ramp-down dynamic phases. Both SA1 and SA2 respond to angular stimuli with slowly adapting impulses in most angles. However, SA1 and SA2 show rapidly adapting responses in other angles. All the three types of LTMRs display strong angular tuning, and there is no significant difference in angular tuning index among them. Population wise, the majority of SA1 are tuned in the caudal direction, a large part of SA2 is tuned in the rostral direction, and RAs are tuned in multiple directions. In the angles showing strong tuning, the three LTMRs respond to increased stimulation amplitudes with increased impulse numbers in a hyperbola relationship, and the responsiveness based on impulse numbers is SA2 > SA1 > RA. Our findings provide new information on angular tuning properties of LTMRs in whisker hair follicles and help to understand directional encoding.
A Prospective Study of the Impact of Severe Childhood Deprivation on Brain White Matter in Adult Adoptees: Widespread Localized Reductions in Volume But Unaffected Microstructural Organization
Authors: Mackes Nuria K. , Mehta Mitul A. , Beyh Ahmad , Nkrumah Richard O. , Golm Dennis , Sarkar Sagari , Fairchild Graeme , Dell’Acqua Flavio , Sonuga-Barke Edmund J. S. ,   on behalf of the ERA Young Adult Follow-Up Team
Published: November 2022

Early childhood neglect can impact brain development across the lifespan. Using voxel-based approaches we recently reported that severe and time-limited institutional deprivation in early childhood was linked to substantial reductions in total brain volume in adulthood, >20 years later. Here, we extend this analysis to explore deprivation-related regional white matter volume and microstructural organization using diffusion-based techniques. A combination of tensor-based morphometry (TBM) analysis and tractography was conducted on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data from 59 young adults who spent between 3 and 41 months in the severely depriving Romanian institutions of the 1980s before being adopted into United Kingdom families, and 20 nondeprived age-matched United Kingdom controls. Independent of total volume, institutional deprivation was associated with smaller volumes in localized regions across a range of white matter tracts including (1) long-ranging association fibers such as bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), left superior longitudinal fasciculi (SLFs), and left arcuate fasciculus; (2) tracts of the limbic circuitry including fornix and cingulum; and (3) projection fibers with the corticospinal tract particularly affected. Tractographic analysis found no evidence of altered microstructural organization of any tract in terms of hindrance modulated orientational anisotropy (HMOA), fractional anisotropy (FA), or mean diffusivity (MD). We provide further evidence for the effects of early neglect on brain development and their persistence in adulthood despite many years of environmental enrichment associated with successful adoption. Localized white matter effects appear limited to volumetric changes with microstructural organization unaffected.
Veridical and Schematic Memory for Harmony in Melody-and-Accompaniment Textures
Authors: Jimenez Ivan , Kuusi Tuire , Ojala Juha
Published: November 2022

We studied memory for harmony using a melody-and-accompaniment texture and 10 commercially successful songs of Western popular music. The harmony was presented as a timbrally matching block-chord accompaniment to digitally isolated vocals. We used three test chord variants: the target was harmonically identical to the original chord, the lure was schematically plausible but different from the original, and the clash conflicted with both the tonal center and the local pitches of the melody. We used two conditions: in the one-chord condition we presented only the test chord, while in the all-chords condition the test chord was presented with all the chords of the original excerpt. One hundred and twenty participants with varying levels of music training rated on a seven-point scale if the test chord was the original. We analyzed the results on two dimensions of memory: veridical–schematic and specialized–general. The target chords were rated higher on average than the lures and considerably higher than the clash chords. Schematic memory (knowledge of Western tonal harmony) seemed to be important for rating the test chords in the all-chords condition, while veridical memory (familiarity with the songs) was especially important for rating the lure chords in the one-chord condition.