bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in leaf functional traits of the endangered plant Disanthus cercidifolius var. longipes with plant growth and development
Authors: Chen Fang-Qing , Guan Shoupeng , Geng Mengya , Lv Kun , Huang Yongwen
Published: March 2020

Background: Disanthus cercidifolius var. longipes H. T. Chang is a rare and endangered plant distributed only in the high mountains of southeastern China. In order to reveal the variation in leaf functional traits and plant investment strategies with the change of growth and developmental stages of this species, the leaf functional traits and the trait syndrome including leaf thickness (LT), leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf total nitrogen content (LNC), and leaf total phosphorus content (LPC) of plants at different growth and developmental stages were investigated. Results:The leaf functional traits of the plants significantly differed at different developmental stages. LT and LA of the plants increased during growth and development. LT and LA of the adult plants were 36.65% and 84.23% higher than those of the seedlings, respectively. In contrast, SLA, LWC, LNC, and LPC decreased, and in adult plants they were 48.91%, 6.63%, 8.49%, and 34.66% lower, respectively, than in seedlings. Principal component analysis showed that as the plants developed, the trait syndrome changed toward increasing LT and LA and decreasing LWC, SLA, LNC, and LPC.Conclusions:The characteristics of leaf functional traits and trait syndromes changed across different stages of growth and development. The investment strategy changed from fast return to slow return as the plant grew and developed.
A new rare nematode Nothocriconemoides hangzhouensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from Hangzhou, China
Authors: Maria Munawar , Miao Wentao , Cai Ruihang , Castillo Pablo , Zheng Jingwu
Published: March 2020

The Family Criconematidae is commonly referred as ring nematodes that include some members with economic importance as plant parasites. During a recent nematode inventory survey at Zhejiang Province, China, a new species of genus Nothocriconemoides was detected in the rhizosphere of elm tree. Nothocriconemoides hangzhouensis n. sp. can be characterized by the female body having annuli with fine longitudinal striations and 2 to 3 anastomoses at the posterior half of the body. The first cephalic annulus is rounded and expanded enclosing the lip region, and the second annulus is narrow, offset, collar like. En face view shows a central elevated labial disk bearing four distinct equal-sized submedian lobes and “I” shaped oral aperture. Excretory pore is located 3–4 annuli posterior to esophageal bulb. Vagina is straight and vulva closed. The ventral side of postvulval annuli is inverted, in majority of individuals. Anus is indistinct and located on the next annuli posterior to vulva. Tail is short, conoid, with forked or branched terminus. Juveniles are devoid of collar-shaped annuli in the lip region. The cephalic region has two rounded annuli where the first annulus shows slight depression in the middle. Body annuli are finely crenated. Anus is indistinct and located 3 to 4 annuli from tail terminus. Tail is short ending in a single lobed terminus. Phylogenetic studies based on analysis of the D2–D3 expansion segments of the 28 S rRNA, ITS rRNA, partial 18 S rRNA, and coxI gene revealed that the new species formed a separate clade from other criconematid species, thereby supporting its status as a new species of the genus. The new species showed close relationships with Discocriconemella sinensis. Additionally, this is the first record of genus Nothocriconemoides from China.
Estimation of finite population mean using two auxiliary variables under stratified random sampling
Authors: Yadav Rohini , Tailor Rajesh
Published: March 2020

This paper addresses the problem of an alternative approach to estimating the population mean of the study variable with the help of the auxiliary variable under stratified random sampling. The properties of the suggested estimator have been studied under large sample approximation. It has been demonstrated that the suggested estimator is more efficient than other considered estimators. To judge the merits of the proposed estimator, an empirical study has been carried out to support the present study.
Estándares de protección del Derecho Humano a la salud en la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Sanabria Moyano Jesús Eduardo , Merchán López Cindy Tatiana , Saavedra Ávila Mayra Alejandra
Published: March 2020

El derecho a la salud ha sido objeto de análisis por parte de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, a través de los casos contenciosos donde ha interpretado su contenido y alcance, emitiendo diferentes estándares de protección por medio de una conexión e interrelación entre los derechos humanos a la vida en condiciones de dignidad e integridad personal contenidos en la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos, así mismo ha identificado diferentes espacios convencionales derivados de las obligaciones internacionales de los Estados Partes, como la posición de garante del Estado ante los grupos vulnerables, los derechos sexuales y reproductivos y la salud mental
La reparación simbólica a víctimas de desaparición forzada, olvido o perdón
Authors: Monroy Juan Pablo
Published: March 2020

En el marco jurídico colombiano, es inadmisible que un país que se en maraca en un estado social de derecho, el legislativo a pesar de evidenciar en su contexto una necesidad de aprobar leyes para luchar contra la desaparición forzada, haya dejado de cumplir con sus deberes éticos de legislar en un momento crucial que la sociedad colombiana, lo demandaba.
Metodología de análisis de las dinámicas, cambios y transformaciones territoriales que se presentan en los paisajes de influencia de un proyecto de desarrollo lineal. Autopista Medellín Puerto – Triunfo
Authors: Herrera Mejía Jhonny Alexander , Caballero Acosta José Humberto
Published: March 2020

Se presenta una ruta metodológica que permite la delimitación de Unidades de Paisaje, las cuales fueron determinadas a partir de la identificación e integración de los elementos naturales que las componen y de sus comportamientos y relacionamientos culturales dentro del territorio, ese conjunto de elementos permitirá darles una resignificación territorial, la cual da línea a nombrar cada unidad de paisaje de acuerdo a su contexto territorial presente.
La experiencia moral y ética en tiempos de guerra: una aproximación a la antropología de las moralidades
Authors: Marín González Keren
Published: March 2020

Para alcanzar una paz sostenible en el tiempo, es necesario reconocer la dimensión simbólica de la violencia y las maneras en que esta es una guía para la formación ética y moral de los sujetos. El reconocimiento de estas secuelas nos permite diseñar estrategias pedagógicas orientadas a crear un ecosistema social que respalde la paz, a saber, una comunidad política capaz de comprender las realidades sociales fuera de los parámetros de la violencia.
World-Class Managers: a Pilot Tuning Project-based on Generic Competences
Authors: Delgado Vélez Luis David , Sánchez Torres William Camilo , Vélez Bedoya Angel Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

Introduction. This research evaluates the generic competences of the managers that belong to the 20 World Class Sectors, according to the Productive Transformation Program in Colombia. Method. A survey applied to 280 managers seeks to evaluate the 27 generic competences of the Tuning Project, using descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis to measure three dimensions: motivation/commitment, self-efficacy and the competence’s origin. Results. The most necessary skills to boost the positioning of these companies in international markets are the weakest. The findings’ relevance indicates that the managers’ commitment and motivation is greater than the effectiveness in their performance; also, the findings emphasize the family education as one of the main sources of their competences.
Qualitative Systematic Review of Emotional Processes and Social Interaction: Behavioral Analysis in Contexts of Political Violence
Authors: Ribero-Marulanda Sergio , Novoa-Gómez Mónica
Published: March 2020

Emotional processes and social interactions are relevant units in the study of the actors involved in contexts of political violence, since they have been exposed to constant conflict and they can develop inappropriate behaviors in daily life. Despite the fact that works on the subject are outlined, very few approach the phenomenon from a perspective of behavioral analysis, specially because of the advances that are denoted in related topics. That is why this review seeks to analyze the conceptual and methodological trends in written production on this subject from this theoretical perspective. The review was completed using the PRISMA guidelines with a search of six electronic databases that resulted in 297 articles for the initial review and 31 articles included in the final analysis. The results show that the most frequent studies are the quantitative empirical ones, showing there is a difference between the concepts of analysis by population, since the results throw an emphasis on the analysis of personnel of military forces that seem affected by hostility and aggression, with emphasis on war veterans and an approach based on in diagnostic categories from psychopathology. There are no approaches from other theoretical perspectives, such as those proposed by the analysis of behavior that could help to understand a personal, contextual and historical reality. Emphasis is placed on the need for an empirical specification regarding the results and the importance of the role of the environment for the maintenance and construction of repertoires of social interaction and identification, expression and emotional regulation.
Factor Structure of the Violence in Adolescents’ Dating Relationships Inventory for Mexican Youth (VADRI-MX)
Authors: Aizpitarte Gorrotxategi Alazne , Rojas-Solís José Luis
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to analyze the factorial structure and reliability of the Violence in Adolescent’s Dating Relationship Inventory (VADRI) and to get a shorter form to facilitate its application in the Mexican context. Participants were 1,055 Mexican’ students which ages ranged between 14 and 22 years (M = 17.66, SD = 1.95). The 48.1% were females. A principal component analyses resulted in a three-factor structure which that was confirmed in the confirmatory factor analyses. The VADRI-MX assesses with 19-double items (perpetration and victimization) the three dimensions of the dating violence underlying construct: “Direct and severe”, “Subtle psychological/controlling”, and “Overt psychological/verbal.” Internal consistency was high. Correlations among the three dimensions were moderate. We can conclude that the VADRI-MX is a useful, valid, and reliable assessment tool for assessing dating violence in the adolescence period. Implications for prevention, intervention, and research are discussed.
Inhibitory Processes and Fluid Intelligence: a Performance at Early Years of Schooling
Authors: Aydmune Yesica , Introzzi Isabel , Zamora Eliana Vanesa , Stelzer Florencia
Published: March 2020

Inhibition constitutes one of the main executive functions and it is important to more complex skills such as fluid intelligence. Actually, there is an agreement on distinguishing three inhibitory types: perceptual, cognitive and response inhibition. Several studies show the differential engagement of these inhibitory types in different skills. However, there is no registered evidence about the differential relation of inhibitory types with fluid intelligence. This inquiry is especially important during the first school years, since in this stage, inhibitory processes would already be differentiated, and inhibitory processes and fluid intelligence are linked to the performance of children in the school setting. For these reasons, the goal of this work is to study the relation and contribution of perceptual, cognitive, and response inhibition with fluid intelligence, in children in the first years of primary school. For that purpose, a sample of children from six to eight years old (N = 178) was tested with a perceptual inhibition task (perception of similarities and differences task); a cognitive inhibition task (proactive interference task); a response inhibition task (stop signal task); and a fluid intelligence task (progressive matrices task). We observed significant correlations between perceptual and response inhibition and fluid intelligence (controlling for age), but only perceptual inhibition explains significantly part of the performance in the fluid intelligence task. This study provides data about the specific contribution, during childhood, of an inhibitory type to fluid intelligence and contributes empirical evidence in support of the non-unitary approach of inhibition.
Inactivation of Yarrowia lipolytica YIACL2 gene coding subunit of ATP citrate lyase using CRISPR/Cas9 system
Authors: Yuzbashev T.V. , Vinogradova E.B. , Kosikhina I.M. , Taratynova M.O. , Dementev D.A. , Solovyev A.I. , Egorova D.A. , Sineoky S.P.
Published: March 2020

In this study, Y1ACL2 was inactivated by two methods: traditional approach based on homologous recombination and uracil marker and markerless system using CRISPR/Cas9. The efficiency of YIACL2 inactivation using traditional approach was 4% (one ΔYlacl2 strain out of 24 tested transformants) whereas knockout efficiency using CRISPR/Cas9 system was 75% (18 ΔYlacl2 strains out of 24 tested transformants). YIACL2 null mutant strains were not able to utilize citrate as a single carbon source. Growth kinetics was investigated in the media with glucose and acetate as a single carbon source. The fact that ΔYlacl2 is able to grow in the minimal medium with glucose as a single carbon source provides evidence that there is an alternative source of acetyl-CoA on carbohydrate substrates in Y. lipolytica.

Yarrowia lipolytica, CRISPR/Cas9 system, ATP citrate lyase, YIACL2.

The work was carried out using the equipment of the Unique Scientific Facility of BRC VKPM with technical support of the Centre for Collective Use of NRC «Kurchatov Institute» -GosNIIgenetika and with financial support of Russian Federation (state task No. 595-00003-19 PR) as well as partially supported by grant No. MK-2241.2019.7.
Transcriptome analysis of signaling pathways involved in the formation of intestinal villi in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Raigorodskaya M.R , Sakharov D.A.
Published: March 2020

Caco-2 cells are traditionally used to construct in vitro models of the intestinal barrier. One of the characteristics of the mature intestine is the presence of villi, outgrowths of connective tissue covered with epithelial cells. Recently it has been shown that during prolonged cultivation Caco-2 cells form structures resembling intestinal villi. Here, using transcriptome analysis, we showed that BMP and PDGF signaling involved in the formation of villi in vivo significantly altered during the differentiation of Caco-2 cells and, thus, can participate in the formation of similar structures in vitro. In particular, a significant decrease in the expression of the BMP4, BMP7, and BMP8A genes in differentiated cells compared to undifferentiated ones was found. Periodic fluctuations in transepithelial resistance during the differentiation of Caco-2 cells have been discovered for the first time. The period of observed fluctuations indicates that they can arise in the result of cell proliferation during the formation of villi. According to the period of observed fluctuations, one can suppose that they arise in the result of cell proliferation during the formation of villi.

impedance spectroscopy, intestine, villi, TEER, BMP, PDGF

The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project 16-19-10597).
In vitro system for detection of prostate cancer markers by loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Makarova J.A.
Published: March 2020

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of nucleic acids enables detection of amplification products in 10-20 min after the reaction begins. An intraoperative method for detection of metastases in lymph nodes is based on LAMP and is called one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA). It allows rapid detection of the epithelial-specific marker KRT19 in lymph nodes. The standard protocol for OSNA was developed more than 10 years ago. Since that, a new version of the key enzyme involved in the reaction (Bst-polymerase) was obtained, but its use in OSNA remains unexplored. Moreover, the time has come to apply OSNA to the detection of other cancer types, in particular prostate cancer. The first step is to create an in vitro system that allows LAMP to be carried out on prostate cancer cell lines. Here, LAMP protocol for the new Bst 3.0 polymerase with optimized dNTPs concentration and without reverse transcriptase was developed, and cell lines (DU-145 for prostate cancer and Molt-4 for negative control) were selected. In summary, a new in vitro system for LAMP-based detection of prostate cancer marker KRT19 was developed.

LAMP, OSNA, prostate cancer

This work was supported by a grant from the President of the Russian Federation for state support of young Russian scientists (MK-1906.2019.4).
Improvement of catalytic properties of the strain producing aspartase Pectobacterium carotovorum in the process of obtaining L-aspartic acid
Authors: Izmailyan M.S. , Paloyan A.M. , Hambartsumyan A.A.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of studies to determine the optimal functioning parameters of aspartase and fumarase of the bacterial strain P. carotovorum MDC-8727, an aspartase producer. The temperature and pH optima of both enzymes are close and are in the range of T (35-40 °C) and pH (8.5-9.0). At a temperature of 50 °C, the thermal stability of aspartase is twice higher than that of fumarase. It was found that thermal treatment of cell biomass in the culture broth at low pH values contributed to the partial inactivation of fumarase. A similar treatment of cells at temperature of 50 °C and pH 5 for 90 minutes contributed to the complete inactivation of fumarase without harming the aspartase activity.

fumarase, aspartase, L-aspartic acid, biotransformation
Effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 and other microsupplements on the productivity of IgG and IgA producing cell lines
Authors: Aliev T.K. , Gasparian M.E. , Dolgikh D.A. , Kirpichnikov M.P
Published: March 2020

Recently, serum-free media have been developed and successfully used for the cultivation of various eukaryotic cell lines. At present, along with antibodies of the IgGl isotype, therapeutic recombinant IgA antibodies are appearing in increasing frequency. However, the procedure of cultivation of cell lines producing this class of antibodies has not been optimized yet. For this reason, effects of several compounds used as additives in the culture medium on a growth and productivity of cell lines expressing antibodies were analyzed. A supplement containing the zinc salt and fibroblast growth factor-2 was shown to have stimulating effect on immunoglobulin producing cells during their cultivation in basic media, DMEM and IMDM. A complex additive, comprising dextran sulfate and iron citrate, increased the productivity of stable cell lines producing IgG and IgA antibodies and improved the homogeneity and density of cell cultures, which is especially important when producing antibodies of the IgA class.

serum-free medium, microsupplements, recombinant antibodies, fibroblast growth factor-2

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation (grant No 14.607.21.0177, ID: RFMEFI60717X0177).
Gel granules from pectin callus Lupinus angustifolius prevent the premature release of mesalazine
Authors: Khasanshina Z.R. , Popov S.V. , Markov P.A.
Published: March 2020

The formation of cross-related pectin matrices on the base of physiologically active polysaccharides opens up new prospects for their application in medicine. The purpose of the study was to identify pectin gels that could retain the drag in an artificial gastric environment and did not have a cytotoxic effect. Here, pectins of apple, hogweed, thistle, rowan and lupine as well their gels were investigated. Pectin-gel granules were produced from 4% solutions of the pectins by ionotropic gelling. A metabolic activity of human cell cultures was evaluated in MTT test. The pectins at concentrations of less than 2 mg/mL were shown to be no cytotoxic. Pectin gels slightly reduced the metabolic activity of cells. The content of mesalazine in the gels and its releasing were evaluated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Among pectines investigated, gel granules of lupine pectin retained the mesalazine most effectively. On the base of the results, one can consider the pectin polysaccharides of lupine as potential gel matrices for oral drag delivery systems. gel, pectins, HEK293, Caco-2, 5-aminosalicylic acid, gastric solution, chromatography-mass spectrometry
Obtaining and purification of lysostaphin secreted in the culture liquid by Brevibacillus choshinensis/pNCMO2/lsf12 recombinant strain
Authors: Baranova E.V. , Levchuk V.V. , Reshetnyak T.V. , Soloviev P.V. , Shishkova N.A. , Fedorov T.V. , Voloshin A.G. , Biketov S.F.
Published: March 2020

Here, «host-vector» expression system of Brevibacillus choshinensis was developed and used for producing a recombinant lysostaphin with high-output. The recombinant plasmid pNCMO2/lsf12 was constructed, and its expression in Brevibacillus choshinensis (strain Brevibacillus choshinensis/pNCMO2/lsf12) provided a synthesis of the 27-kDa protein, which was secreted into the culture medium. Its specific staphylolitic activity being 557 U/mg at optimal pH (7.5-8.0) and temperature (50-55 °C) values was comparable with the natural and recombinant analogs. We hope that developed methods of a deep cultivation of the recombinant Brevibacillus choshinensis/pNCMO2/lsf12 strain for a high-yield production (up to 90 mg/L) and a single-stage purification of lysostaphin (up to 90% homogeneity) become the basis for the production of the enzyme on an industrial scale.

Brevibacillus choshinensis, ion-exchange chromatography, lysostaphin

The work was financially supported by the Grant No. 050 of Rospotrebnadzor «Monitoring of borreliosis pathogens circulation in regions of the Russian Federation and improvement of diagnostic tools for borreliosis»
Analytical comparison of Soliris® and its biosimilar, PRK-001
Authors: Zhuchenko M.A. , Orlova N.V. , Zybin D.I. , Nikolaeva V.V. , Klishin A.A. , Lobanova N.V. , Soldatov V.O. , Romanova N.A. , Seregin Y.A.
Published: March 2020

Soliris® (Eculizumab) was approved by regulatory authorities as the first drag for treatment of orphan disease, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, in 2007. Later its use was extended for treatment of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome and myasthenia gravis. The high cost, the unavailability of therapy for a number of patients, as well as the expiration of the patent protection period for Soliris®, these factors became the prerequisite for the development of biosimilar medicinal products. Here, comparative analysis of PRK-001 (LLC «Pharmapark») and reference drag product, Soliris® (Alexion Pharmaceuticals, USA), was carried out. Physicochemical biosimilarity assessment has shown complete comparability of both products in terms of protein sequence as well as higher order structures. Post-translation modifications as well as impurity profile were the same too. Neither biosimilar nor reference product had impurity amount exceeding threshold. Biological properties of the reference product and biosimilar were the same. Since the comparability of the both drags has been proven, it can be assumed that PRK-001 is biosimilar of Soliris®.

Eculizumab, Soliris, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, physicochemical comparison, post-translational modifications, biosimilar, drag product
KRONİK BOYUN AĞRILI BİREYLERDE DERİN BOYUN FLEKSÖR KAS PERFORMANSININ DENGE VE YÜRÜME PARAMETRELERİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: TOPRAK ÇELENAY Şeyda , METE Oğuzhan , KORKUT Zehra , ÖZALP Muhammet , ÜNÜVAR Bayram Sönmez , SEVİM Meryem
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kronik boyun ağrılı hastalarda derin
boyun fleksör kas performansının denge ve yürüme parametreleri ile ilişkisini
araştırılmaktı.Yöntem:
Çalışmaya
kronik boyun ağrılı 69 hasta (yaş: 32,75 ± 14,03 yıl, vücut kütle indeksi: 25,09
± 5,40 kg/m2) dahil edildi. Derin boyun fleksör kas performansı Stabilizer basınçlı biyofeedback
ünitesi (Chattanooga,
USA) ile ve denge tek
bacak duruş testi ile gözler açık ve kapalı olarak değerlendirildi. Yürüme
parametreleri olarak kadans ve yürüme hızı hesaplandı. Sonuçlar: Kronik boyun
ağrılı hastalarda derin boyun fleksör kas performansı, gözler açık dominant
taraf tek bacak duruş testi ile (p < 0,001; rho: 0,632),
gözler açık dominant olmayan taraf tek bacak duruş testi ile (p < 0,001; rho: 0,556), gözler kapalı dominant
taraf tek bacak duruş testi ile (p: 0,006; rho: 0,328),
gözler kapalı dominant olmayan taraf tek bacak duruş testi ile (p < 0,001; rho: 0,412), kadans ile (p < 0,001; rho: 0,622) ve yürüme hızı ile ilişki (p < 0,001; rho: 0,652) gösterdi.

Tartışma:
Kronik boyun ağrılı hastalarda derin boyun
fleksör kas performansı ile denge ve yürüme parametrelerinin ilişkili olduğu
görüldü.  Derin boyun fleksör kas eğitimi
kronik boyun ağrılı hastalarda yürüme ve denge parametrelerinin gelişimine
katkı sağlayabilir.
YAŞLI BİREYLERDE KARE ADIM EGZERSİZ EĞİTİMİNİN POSTÜRAL KONTROL, KOGNİTİF FONKSİYON VE YÜRÜYÜŞ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: PİLOT ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ABİT KOCAMAN Ayşe , KIRDI Nuray , AKSOY Songül , ELMAS Özgün , BALAM YAVUZ Burcu
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Düşmeler yaşlı
bireylerde sık karşılaşılan bir durumdur. 65 yaş üstünde, sağlıklı ve toplum
içinde yaşayan bireylerin yıllık düşme oranı %30-40 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bu
yüzden yaşlı bireylerde düşmeyi önlemeye yönelik fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon
uygulamaları önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı düşme hikayesi olan yaşlı
bireylerde kare adım egzersiz eğitiminin postüral kontrol, kognitif
fonksiyonlar ve yürüyüş üzerine etkisini incelemektir.Yöntem: Çalışmaya
toplam 65 yaş üstü yılda en az iki kez düşme hikayesi olan ve 16 yaşlı birey
dahil edildi. Kontrol grubundaki bireyler 8 hafta boyunca vestibüler ev
egzersiz programını evde uyguladı. Egzersiz eğitimindeki bireylere ise
vestibüler ev egzersiz eğitimine ek olarak 8 hafta boyunca haftada üç gün kare
adım egzersiz eğitimi uygulandı. Bireylerin demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Tedavi
öncesi ve sonrasında postüral kontrol Bilgisayarlı Dinamik Postürografi (BDP),
kognitif fonksiyonlar Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme Ölçeği(MBDÖ), yürüyüş ise
Dinamik Yürüyüş İndeksi(DYİ) ile değerlendirildi.Sonuçlar: Tedavi
sonrasında  kare adım egzersiz eğitiminin
etkinliği incelendiğinde birleşik denge skoru, Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme
Ölçeği(MBDÖ) ve Dinamik Yürüyüş İndeksi(DYİ) skorlarında çıkan fark istatiksel
açıdan anlamlı bulundu (p<0,001).

Tartışma: Düşme
hikayesi olan yaşlı bireylerde kare adım egzersiz eğitimi postüral kontrol,
kognitif fonksiyonlar ve yürüyüş üzerine etkileri açısından önemli yere
sahiptir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda egzersiz eğitimlerinin düşme hikayesi olan
yaşlı bireylerde fonksiyonel bağımsızlık düzeyini artırmada etkin bir tedavi
modalitesi olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
EFFECT OF KINESIOTAPING ON SINGLE LEG BALANCE IN TAEKWONDO ATHLETES: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: KOCAHAN Tuğba , BALCI Aydın , AKINOĞLU Bihter
Published: March 2020

Purpose:
Balance has an important role in taekwondo athletes for injury
prevention and athletic performance. Many strategies are being developed to
improve balance. The kinesiotape application is also one of these methods. The
aim of the study is to determine the effect of the kinesiotape application to
the hip abductor muscles on the single leg balance in elite athletes.

Methods:
The study was conducted with 53 (28 study group, 25 control group) elite
taekwondo athletes in the national team camp who did not have a lower extremity
injury. The athletes were performed two balance tests at 48-hour intervals. In the balance tests,
oscillations of the center of gravity of the athletes was calculated.
Kinesiotape (KT) application was made to the hip abductor muscles of the
study group athletes after the first measurement of the balance. The second
measurement of balance was made 48-hour after the KT application.

Results:
As a result of the analysis of the obtained data, no statistically
significant difference was found between Total Score, Anterior-Posterior (A-P)
Score and Medial-Lateral (M-L) Score between first and second balance tests of the
study and the control groups (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, it was determined that KT application
to hip abductor muscles did not effect to single leg balance in healthy elite
taekwondo athletes.
From Free Economic Zones to Territories of Advanced Development
Authors: Vilenskiy A. V.
Published: March 2020

There is a gradual formation of a system of zones with special economic regimes in Russia. The beginning of the rational streamlining of the activity of such zones was laid by the “Federal law on special economic zones of 2005”. Actual practice of working of special economic zones revealed positive and negative aspects in their activity. It allowed to pass to normative-legal preparation of territories of advanced social and economic development as type of the zones more adequate to a present state of economies of the Russian regions.The adoption of a federal law on such territories in 2014, their testing in the Far East allowed us to proceed to their creation, distribution throughout the country. They have not and cannot become regional locomotives of social and economic development of the country. They still perform secondary functions in this process. But the functions are important and have a positive impact on the regional development. Serious work needs to be done to monitor their effectiveness, to improve the regulatory framework of Russian zones with special economic regimes and to link their priorities with the priorities of social and economic development of the regions.
Efficiency of Scientific Companies and Formation of Innovative Dynamics
Authors: Sukharev O. S.
Published: March 2020

Different countries show differing patterns of economic growth and innovation dynamics. For a long time in Russia, it has not been possible to formulate an innovative model of economic growth, a debate about which lasts for more than a decade and government measures are being taken to stimulate innovation and stimulate growth, which do not yet allow us to move on to such the development model. However, this usually happens without taking into account the mode of innovative dynamics that has already taken shape at the current moment, both at the micro level (the effectiveness of science-intensive firms) and at the macro level – according to the dynamics of innovative development parameters, in particular, the growth rate of innovative agents, changes in the share of firms innovators. The current effectiveness of the functioning of science-intensive (innovative) firms undoubtedly affects the emergence of innovative firms and the number of agents in the economy. The clarification of such a relationship is important, which will allow us to better outline the outline of the model of the innovative type of economic growth. Thus, it was found that in Russia from the analyzed countries (USA, China, EU), the increase in GDP occurred simultaneously with a decrease in the number of innovative agents and the share of innovative companies, and the growth rate decreased with an increase in the growth rate of the number of innovative agents in the studied time interval. This is a conservative model of economic dynamics. The innovative development model assumes a situation where GDP increases with the growth in the number of innovative agents, the growth rate slows down with an increase in the growth rate of the number of innovative agents due to the relatively high share of these agents in the total, which is typical for China. Thus, the formation of an innovative Russian growth model will require changes in the government system of economic policy measures. In particular, it will be necessary to test the impact of changing the law of the relationship between GDP dynamics and the number of firms and innovative agents, as well as the conditions for moving labor resources from old to new industries and training personnel for new industries, take into account restrictions on the effectiveness of science-intensive firms, and introduce a stimulating tax mechanism innovation, and reduce the risks of introducing innovation.
Evaluation of the Impact of Maternity Capital in Russian Regions
Authors: Tikhomirova T. M. , Tikhomirov N. P.
Published: March 2020

Effectiveness of measures of pronatalist policy, in particular, maternity capital, in Russia and its regions depends on the estimators of their recent impact. The article considers approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the most significant measure of stimulating fertility in Russia and its regions – the maternal capital program, based on methods of comparative analysis and modelling of patterns of fertility rates by birth order from 1999 to 2006 – before the introduction of the maternal capital program, and during the periods of its state and regional versions – after 2007 and 2012, respectively. During the study the set of factors, that characterize the conditions of life in the country during these periods, were taken into account, which have an impact on the fertility rate, such as: the standard of living, social tension, etc. An initial data on the levels of age-related fertility rates of all, first, second, third and subsequent children in 39 regions of Russia was gathered from the Russian School of Economics. Data, reflecting the costs of maternal capital programs, living conditions in the country and its regions, was gathered from Rosstat, as well as the results of population surveys on the reasons for making decisions about the birth of a child, and other resources were used. The results, presented in the article, indicate, that the state program of maternal capital has more influence on the increase in the fertility rate of second children, while regional programs – affected on the fertility rate of third and subsequent children. There were two groups of regions determined, that differ in the response of their population’s demographic behavior to state and regional maternal capital programs in the current conditions of life. The obtained set of time series models with a variable structure, describing patterns in the order-related fertility rates in the regions of these groups in the considered time periods, indicate an increase in regional differentiation in terms of fertility.
Expression of P-gp in Glioblastoma: What we can Learn from Brain Development
Authors: de Trizio Ignazio , Errede Mariella , d'Amati Antonio , Girolamo Francesco , Virgintino Daniela
Published: March 2020

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) is a 170-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that works as an efflux pump and confers multidrug resistance (MDR) in normal tissues and tumors, including nervous tissues and brain tumors. In the developing telencephalon, the endothelial expression of P-gp, and the subcellular localization of the transporter at the luminal endothelial cell (EC) plasma membrane are early hallmarks of blood-brain barrier (BBB) differentiation and suggest a functional BBB activity that may complement the placental barrier function and the expression of P-gp at the blood-placental interface. In early fetal ages, P-gp has also been immunolocalized on radial glia cells (RGCs), located in the proliferative ventricular zone (VZ) of the dorsal telencephalon and now considered to be neural progenitor cells (NPCs). RG-like NPCs have been found in many regions of the developing brain and have been suggested to give rise to neural stem cells (NSCs) of adult subventricular (SVZ) neurogenic niches. The P-gp immunosignal, associated with RG-like NPCs during cortical histogenesis, progressively decreases in parallel with the last waves of neuroblast migrations, while ‘outer’ RGCs and the deriving astrocytes do not stain for the efflux transporter. These data suggest that in human glioblastoma (GBM), P-gp expressed by ECs may be a negligible component of tumor MDR. Instead, tumor perivascular astrocytes may dedifferentiate and resume a progenitor-like P-gp activity, becoming MDR cells and contribute, together with perivascular P-gpexpressing glioma stem-like cells (GSCs), to the MDR profile of GBM vessels. In conclusion, the analysis of Pgp immunolocalization during brain development may contribute to identify the multiple cellular sources in the GBM vessels that may be involved in P-gp-mediated chemoresistance and can be responsible for GBM therapy failure and tumor recurrence.
Trends in Nanomedicines for Cancer Treatment
Authors: do Nascimento Tatielle , Todeschini Adriane R. , Santos-Oliveira Ralph , de Souza de Bustamante Monteiro Mariana S. , de Souza Vilênia T. , Ricci-Júnior Eduardo
Published: March 2020

Background:

Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth and considered one of the leading causes of death around the world. Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology has been extensively studied for the optimization of cancer treatment.

Objective:

Comprehend the panorama of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology in cancer treatment, through a survey about nanomedicines applied in clinical studies, approved for use and patented.

Methods:

Acknowledged products under clinical study and nanomedicines commercialized found in scientific articles through research on the following databases: Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo and Lilacs. Derwent tool was used for patent research.

Results:

Nanomedicines based on nanoparticles, polymer micelles, liposomes, dendrimers and nanoemulsions were studied, along with cancer therapies such as Photodynamic Therapy, Infrared Phototherapy Hyperthermia, Magnetic Hyperthermia, Radiotherapy, Gene Therapy and Nanoimmunotherapy. Great advancement has been observed over nanotechnology applied to cancer treatment, mainly for nanoparticles and liposomes.

Conclusion:

The combination of drugs in nanosystems helps to increase efficacy and decrease toxicity. Based on the results encountered, nanoparticles and liposomes were the most commonly used nanocarriers for drug encapsulation. In addition, although few nanomedicines are commercially available, this specific research field is continuously growing.
Diet and Neurocognition in Mood Disorders - An Overview of the Overlooked
Authors: Balanzá-Martínez Vicent , Shansis Flavio M. , Tatay-Manteiga Amparo , López-García Pilar
Published: March 2020

Bipolar disorder and major depression are associated with significant disability, morbidity, and reduced life expectancy. People with mood disorders have shown higher ratios of unhealthy lifestyle choices, including poor diet quality and suboptimal nutrition. Diet and nutrition impact on brain /mental health, but cognitive outcomes have been less researched in psychiatric disorders. Neurocognitive dysfunction is a major driver of social dysfunction and a therapeutic target in mood disorders, although effective cognitive-enhancers are currently lacking. This narrative review aimed to assess the potential cognitive benefits of dietary and nutritional interventions in subjects diagnosed with mood disorders. Eight clinical trials with nutrients were identified, whereas none involved dietary interventions. Efficacy to improve select cognitive deficits has been reported, but results are either preliminary or inconsistent. Methodological recommendations for future cognition trials in the field are advanced. Current evidence and future views are discussed from the perspectives of precision medicine, clinical staging, nutritional psychiatry, and the brain-gut-microbiota axis.
Targeting Strategies for Renal Cancer Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Fang Pengchao , Zhou Liuting , Lim Lee Y. , Fu Hualin , Yuan Zhi-xiang , Lin Juchun
Published: March 2020

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an intractable genitourinary malignancy that accounts for approximately 4% of adult malignancies. Currently, there is no approved targeted therapy for RCC that has yielded durable remissions, and they remain palliative in intent. Emerging evidence has indicated that renal tumorigenesis and RCC treatment-resistance may originate from renal cancer stem cells (CSCs) with tumor-initiating capacity (CSC hypothesis). A better understanding of the mechanism underlying renal CSCs will help to dissect RCC heterogeneity and drug treatment efficiency, to promote more personalized and targeted therapies. In this review, we summarized the stem cell characteristics of renal CSCs. We outlined the targeting strategies and challenges associated with developing therapies that target renal CSCs angiogenesis, immunosuppression, signaling pathways, surface biomarkers, microRNAs and nanomedicine. In conclusion, CSCs are an important role in renal carcinogenesis and represent a valid target for treatment of RCC patients.
Anticancer Effects of Novel Tetrahydro-Dimethyl-Xanthene-Diones
Authors: Manikandan Alagumuthu , Sivakumar Arumugam , Nigam Poonam S. , Napoleon Ayyakannu A.
Published: March 2020

Background:

The derivatives of xanthene are known to have promising anticancer properties, in
comparison to xanthene itself.

Objective:

The object of our study was to develop few xanthene derivatives (a family of fifteen novel 3,4,6,7-
tetrahydro-3,3-dimethyl-9-phenyl-2H-xanthene-1,8(5H, 9H)-diones encoded as 4a-4m), which were effectively
prepared through regioselective synthesis approach, and to test their anticancer effects.

Methods:

A series of cell lines were used in this study, first to assess the cytotoxicity and then the drug efficacy
of target compounds, consecutively. Prior to MTT assay, the compounds were analysed for their antioxidant
properties, since oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of many cancer types. The anticancer
properties of 4a-m have been assessed over in silico (molecular docking and ADMET assessments) and in vitro
(MTT assay) methods.

Results:

Compounds 4h and 4i showed a relative percentage anticancer activity of 86.25±1.25 & 89.74±1.64
against BT474 (ER+HER2+), and 90.56±1.18 & 93.24±1.80 against MCF-7 (ER-HER2), respectively.

Conclusion:

The animal model and pre-clinical studies for 4h and 4i should be performed in order to develop
them as future anticancer agents.
Factors Affecting Photodynamic Therapy and Anti-Tumor Immune Response
Authors: Hamblin Michael R. , Abrahamse Heidi
Published: March 2020

:

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a cancer therapy involving the systemic injection of a Photosensitizer
(PS) that localizes to some extent in a tumor. After an appropriate time (ranging from minutes to days), the
tumor is irradiated with red or near-infrared light either as a surface spot or by interstitial optical fibers. The PS
is excited by the light to form a long-lived triplet state that can react with ambient oxygen to produce Reactive
Oxygen Species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen and/or hydroxyl radicals, that kill tumor cells, destroy tumor
blood vessels, and lead to tumor regression and necrosis. It has long been realized that in some cases, PDT can
also stimulate the host immune system, leading to a systemic anti-tumor immune response that can also destroy
distant metastases and guard against tumor recurrence. The present paper aims to cover some of the factors that
can affect the likelihood and efficiency of this immune response. The structure of the PS, drug-light interval,
rate of light delivery, mode of cancer cell death, expression of tumor-associated antigens, and combinations of
PDT with various adjuvants all can play a role in stimulating the host immune system. Considering the recent
revolution in tumor immunotherapy triggered by the success of checkpoint inhibitors, it appears that the time is
ripe for PDT to be investigated in combination with other approaches in clinical scenarios.
Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Resistance in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Western Rajasthan India
Authors: Meena Mahadev , Kishoria Naveen , Meena Durga Shankar , Sonwal Vikram Singh
Published: March 2020

Background:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infection
with a significant economic burden on the health care system in developing countries like India.
Rising antibiotic resistance is a matter of great concern.

Aims::

The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance
pattern in patients with UTI in Tertiary Care Hospital in western Rajasthan India.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted from December 2017 to
November 2018 at MDM hospital S.N. medical college, Jodhpur in Western Rajasthan.

Materials and methods:

All the patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection presented in the
outpatient unit or developed symptoms within 48 hr of hospitalisation were included in the study.
Only those patients with significant bacteriuria (105 colony-forming units /ml) were included.

Results:

total of 119 (55.34%) positive urine cultures were identified. The most common bacteria
isolated in the urine sample was E. coli (37.2%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (10.2%), Enterococci
spp. (3.3%), and Pseudomonas spp. (1.9%). Gram-negative bacteria represented 92.44%
of the isolates. E. coli showed maximum resistance towards co-trimoxazole (78.75%) followed by
cefuroxime (77.5%) and ciprofloxacin (72.5%). Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the highest resistance
against co-trimoxazole (23.75%) and ciprofloxacin (23.75%).

Conclusion::

The present study gives an idea about the common trend of antibiotic resistance of
uropathogens in this region. The findings in our study will help in the formulation of antibiotic policy
and the determination of empirical treatment of UTI in this region.
Successful Control of a Co-Infection Caused by Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Keratitis
Authors: Paul Debarati , Saha Suman , Singh Neelam , Sengupta Jayansgu , Mandal Santi M.
Published: March 2020

Introduction:

Nowadays, the co-infection of different classes of pathogens is a major
concern. The objective of this study was to develop a successful therapy for keratitis caused by the
co-infection of Candida sp. with Pseudomonas sp, which is difficult to cure. The study is based on
a 47 years old male farmer showing redness and watering in the right eye for 15-days.

Materilas and Methods:

The microbiological examination was performed to isolate the causative organisms, i.e.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. They were cultured separately along with their
co-culture and treated with ciprofloxacin and amphotericin B during the growing stage to predict a
definite cure.

Results:

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results confirmed the inter-specific interaction between
the two different types of microorganisms. Amphotericin-B and Ciprofloxacin showed the
least MIC value for both organisms in co-culture.

Conclusion:

Treatment with Amphotericin-B and 5% ciprofloxacin effectively hindered the
growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, the co-infection of which caused keratitis.
This therapy may be successfully implied for such cases of co-infection in the future.