bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi dan Tipe Kepribadian Terhadap Stres Kerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil Di Kantor Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Di Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Purba Anggi Tri Lestari
Published: February 2021

Stres merupakan hal yang berbeda untuk orang yang berbeda. Banyak orang menggambarkannya sebagai perasaan tegang, cemas, atau khawatir. Secara ilmiah, perasaan-perasaan ini adalah semua manifestasi dari pengalaman stres, respons terprogram yang kompleks terhadap ancaman yang dirasakan yang dapat memiliki hasil positif dan negatif. Adanya banyak faktor yang menyebabkan timbulnya stres kerja pada karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklim organisasi dan tipe kepribadian terhadap stres kerja pegawai negeri sipil di kantor badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik di provinsi Sumatera Utara. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah adanya pengaruh antara iklim organisasi dan tipe kepribadian terhadap stres kerja pada pegawai negeri sipil Kesabangpol di provinsis Sumatera Utara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 73 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling. Metode pengumpulan data adalah skala iklim organisasi, tipe kepribadian, dan stres kerja. Analisa data menggunakan analisis kovarian. Subjek pada penelitian ini memiliki tipe kepribadian yang berbeda dimana tipe A lebih tinggi dibandingkan tipe B dan stres kerja yang tergolong cendrung tinggi.
Daya Tahan Terhadap Stres Pada Anak Jalanan
Authors: Hafni Merri
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif yang bertujuan menggambarkan bagaimana daya tahan stress pada anak jalanan. Pada penelitian ini ada beberapa hal yang ingin diteliti :stressor, faktor yang mempengaruhi dan cara memperbesar daya tahan terhadap stress pada responden. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi gambarAnalisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 3 orang dengan karakteristik antara lain usia dari 13-17 tahun, bekerja sebagai anak jalanan ± 3 tahun dan berdomisili di kota Medan. Hasil penelitian penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak jalanan memiliki kesulitan ekonomi taraf bawah, pernah ditangkap oleh Pamong Praja, memiliki daya tahan stress dalam mengatasi masalah terburuk yang mereka hadapi sampai sekarang, dengan mengabaikan stressor, mencoba menerimanya sehinga mereka dapat melakukan penyesuain diri.
Peningkatan Minat Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Nht (Numbered Heads Together) Di Mts Pp. Nurul FalahTanjung Marulak Kec. Sei Kanan
Authors: Tanjung Siti Maryam
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan model pembelajaran NHT (Numbered Head Together) Subjek penelitian adalah 30 siswa kelas VIII MTs, terdiri dari 13 laki-laki dan 17 perempuan. Jenis tindakan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan siklus yaitu siklus I dan II, setiap siklus dilakukan sekali pertemuan dan diakhir pertemuan diadakan tes untuk mengetahui minat dan hasil belajar siswa. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) Minat dan hasil belajar SKI siswa sebelum menggunakan model pembelajaran NHT (Numbered Head Together dan (2) Minat dan hasil belajar SKI siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran NHT (Numbered Head Together) materi perkembangan Islam pada masa Dinasti Ayyubiyah. Hasil penelitian Tindakan kelas ini dapat dikemukakan bahwa minat belajar pra tindakan dari 30 siswa minat belajar yang tinggi terdapat 5 siswa (16,7%), Minat belajar yang kategori sedang sebanyak 8 siswa (26,7%) dan 17 siswa (56,7%) memiliki minat belajar rendah. pada siklus I minat belajar yang tinggi 12 atau 40% siswa, minat belajar yang Sedang sebanyak 7 atau 23,3% siswa, dan 11 atau 36,7% siswa memiliki minat rendah, Sedangkan pada siklus II minat belajar siswa terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan, 24 atau 80% siswa memiliki minat yang tinggi, kategori sedang 6 atau 20% siswa. Sedangkan hasil belajar pada pra tindakan dari 30 siswa 20 atau 66,7% siswa belum mencapai batas ketuntasan dan hanya 10 atau 33,3% siswa. Siklus I 18 atau 60% siswa yang tuntas, 12 atau 40% siswa yang tidak tuntas. Sedangkan siklus II 26 atau 86,7% siswa yang tuntas, 13,3% siswa yang tidak tuntas.
Hubungan Komformitas Teman Sebaya dengan Sikap Terhadap Perilaku Seksual pada Remaja Di SMA Krakatau Medan
Authors: Malau Dita Amalia Sardi , Istiana Istiana
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara komformitas teman sebaya dengan sikap terhadap perilaku seksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional.hipotesis yang diajukan : ada hubungan yang positif antara komformitas teman sebaya dengan sikap terhadap perilaku seksual dan adanya perbedaan sikap terhadap perilaku sexual antara laki-laki dan perempuan.dalam hal ini remaja yang memiliki kompormitas teman sebaya yang tinggi akan lebih bersikap positif terhadap perilaku seksual, sebaliknya remaja yang memiliki komformitas teman sebaya yang rendah akan lebih negatif sikapnya terhadap perilaku seksual. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi SMA Krakatau Medan berjumlah 118 orang teknik pengambilan sample adalah total sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan skala likert untuk skala kompormitas teman sebaya dan sikap terhadap perilaku sexual. Analisis data menggunakan Product Moment dan Anava satu jalur berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisis Product Moment diperoleh koefisien hubungan sebesar 0,45; p = 0,000 (p < 0,050) artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara komformitas teman sebaya dengan sikap terhadap perilaku sexual. Komformitas teman sebaya menyumbang atau mempengaruhi sikap terhadap perilaku seksual sebesar 16,4 %. Sedangkan nilai koefisien anava satu jalur sebesar 18,657; p = 0,000 (p < 0,050) artinya ada perbedaan sikap terhadap perilaku sexual antara laki-laki dan perempuan.
Terapi Hidroponik sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Syndrome Baby Blues pada Ibu Hamil Muda
Authors: Wahyuni Alfina Sri , Ardha Syifa , Nasution Nur Gusti Megawati Almeidi
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana terapi hidroponik mempengaruhi syndrome baby blues yang dialami oleh ibu hamil muda. Syndrome Baby blues atau yang sering disebut Postpartum blues adalah fase ketidakstabilan emosi, ditandai dengan perilaku menangis, mudah tersinggung, gelisah, kebingungan, dan gangguan tidur. Wanita yang memiliki gejala tersebut tetapi tidak memenuhi kriteria untuk depresi perinatal mungkin menderita baby blues. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode adalah literature review. Metode Literatur review digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi, mengkaji, mengevaluasi, dan menafsirkan semua penelitian yang tersedia dengan bidang topik fenomena yang menarik, dengan pertanyaan penelitian tertentu yang relevan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan tanaman dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan menurunkan perilaku emosional, yang dimana keterampilan sosial mencakup tentang kepedulian terhadap sekitar. Sama halnya dengan merawat tanaman, merawat bayi juga memerlukan kepedulian dari seorang ibu. Kegiatan dengan tanaman juga dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan menurunkan perilaku emosional, yang dimana keterampilan sosial mencakup tentang kepedulian terhadap sekitar. Sama halnya dengan merawat tanaman, merawat bayi juga memerlukan kepedulian dari seorang ibu.
Formation and Distribution of Calcium Crystals in the Trunk of Hopea odorata
Authors: Wei Ching Toong , Nobuchi Tadashi , Sahri Mohd. Hamami , Chun Yu Liew
Published: February 2021

Some of trees accumulate calcium crystals, which cause damage to cutting tools in wood machinery. For the fundamental information on the formation and distribution of calcium crystal in a trunk, Hopea odorata was very important to be studied. Three discs from lower, middle and upper positions of the trunk were collected. In each disk, radial strip from bark to pith was fixed with 3% glutaraldehyde. In each disc, small blocks from outer, middle, inner part and pith were cut and used for microscopic observation. Sections were stained with safranin and fast green. Morphology and distribution of calcium crystals in a trunk (radial and longitudinal) and quantitative analysis were carried out. Acid treatments with hydrochloric acid or acetic acid were also applied to investigate the chemical characteristic of the crystals. For comparison of morphology of calcium crystals between wood and bark, bark block was embedded in epoxy resin, and sections were stained with safranin. Crystals in wood were exclusively included in square/ upright ray cells with very rare cases of crystals in procumbent ray cells of ray parenchyma. Their morphology was prismatic crystals in wood and pith. In the bark, crystals showed druses form. Through chemical treatments, calcium crystals were identified as calcium oxalate. In the trunk, crystals were increased from outer to inner in the radial direction, but decreased in the pith. In the longitudinal direction, crystals showed an increase from lower to upper position in the outer and middle part, but decreased at inner part. Pith did not  show much difference  from lower to upper  position of the trunk.
Injection Molded of Bio-Micro-Composites from Natural Fibers and Polylactic Acid
Authors: Subyakto Subyakto , Hermiati Euis , Masruchin Nanang , Ismadi Ismadi , Prasetiyo Kurnia Wiji , Kusumaningrum Wida Banar , Subiyanto Bambang
Published: February 2021

Green composites were needed by automotive industries because they are environmentally friendly, recyclable, lightweight and strong. Natural fibers such as bamboo and sisal are potential source of these materials and can be used as substitutes of fiber glass which is hard to recycle and not renewable.  In this experiment, bio-composites made from micro fibers of betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) and sisal (Agave sisalana) mixed with a natural polymer of polylactic acid (PLA) were developed that may used for automotive application. Bamboo or sisal fibers were converted into pulp and processed using a disc refiner to produce microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with fiber diameter around 10 µm. MFC was mixed with PLA and triacetin and dried. The mixture was processed in a mixer at temperature of 170ºC, speed of 60 rpm for 20 min. The compound mixture was removed and processed into pellets using a pelletizer at 170ºC. Pellets were processed using injection molding machine. The compositions of fibers/PLA were 10/90, 20/80, and 30/70. The mechanical properties were tested in accordance with ASTM standards. Result shown that optimum composition ratio of bamboo fibers/PLA was 20/80 which gave flexural strength of 62.30 MPa, flexural modulus of 3.89 GPa, tensile strength of 44.55 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.20 GPa, and hardness of 112.90 R. While the optimum composition ratio of sisal fibers/PLA was 30/70 which gave flexural strength of 67.83 MPa, flexural modulus of 4.43 GPa, tensile strength of 48.18 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.13 GPa, and hardness of 110.50 R.
Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Silafluofen-treated Tropical Wood Using Multi-Phase Carbon Dioxide Impregnation
Authors: Muin Musrizal
Published: February 2021

A new approach in wood preservative treatment using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a carrier solvent has been developed and evaluated its effect on the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of treated tropical wood. It employs CO2 at various combinations of temperatures and pressures in a treatment vessel at once and is called Multi-Phase Carbon Dioxide (MPCO2) treatment. Three commercial tropical wood species (Agathis sp., Palaquium sp., and Heritiera sp.) measuring 1.5 cm (T) x 1.5 cm (R) x 15 cm (L) were prepared for the treatment with a termiticide (silafluofen). A treatment cycle was performed by loading two specimens of each wood species, applying the temperature of 15⁰C and pressure of 60 kg/cm2, gradually increasing the temperature and pressure, respectively, to 35⁰C and 80 kg/cm2, and releasing the pressure to atmosphere. The treatment was conducted with five replicates. Untreated and treated specimens were then evaluated their physical, mechanical, and biological properties. Results show that the MPCO2treatment significantly enhanced the termite resistance of treated wood without any adverse effects on their physical and mechanical properties.A new approach in wood preservative treatment using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a carrier solvent has been developed and evaluated its effect on the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of treated tropical wood. It employs CO2 at various combinations of temperatures and pressures in a treatment vessel at once and is called Multi-Phase Carbon Dioxide (MPCO2) treatment. Three commercial tropical wood species (Agathis sp., Palaquium sp., and Heritiera sp.) measuring 1.5 cm (T) x 1.5 cm (R) x 15 cm (L) were prepared for the treatment with a termiticide (silafluofen). A treatment cycle was performed by loading two specimens of each wood species, applying the temperature of 15⁰C and pressure of 60 kg/cm2, gradually increasing the temperature and pressure, respectively, to 35⁰C and 80 kg/cm2, and releasing the pressure to atmosphere. The treatment was conducted with five replicates. Untreated and treated specimens were then evaluated their physical, mechanical, and biological properties. Results show that the MPCO2 treatment significantly enhanced the termite resistance of treated wood without any adverse effects on their physical and mechanical properties.
Static and Dynamic Properties of Portal Frames Composed of Built-Up Sawn Square Timber
Authors: Komatsu Kohei , Kitamori Akihisa
Published: February 2021

In order to propose an alternative structural element to be used for wooden dwelling houses in rich forest area, we paid attentions to a portal frame structure which is composed of not glulam but built-up members whose raw materials are dried sawn timbers taken from plantation grown forest. For establishing design procedure of the structural element, we made two different types of portal frames and conducted, at first, basic dynamic test to estimate natural frequency and dumping factors by fixing small shake excitation machine on the portal frames, then static push-pull cyclic loading tests were conducted until failure. The natural frequency of both portal frames was almost same but the higher order frequencies were likely to be affected by the difference of shear reinforcement of built-up members by hardwood dowels. While on static properties, as both portal frames failed in brittle manner due to bending failure at column or tear off at connection plate made of compression wood, further improvement of connection system was required for obtaining more stable alternative elements to glulam.
Bioethanol Production from Several Tropical Wood Species using Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Processes
Authors: Daud M. , Syafii Wasrin , Syamsu Khaswar
Published: February 2021

The study was conducted to determine the best method of hydrolysis (saccharification) and fermentation for bioethanol production using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process. Three different tropical wood species namely gmelina wood (Gmelina sp.), pine wood (Pinus merkusii) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) were pre-treated using kraft process and then converted into bioethanol using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes. The pulp produced by kraft process was analized to determine their chemical properties before treatments. SSF was performed in 500 ml fermentors with total slurry of 200 ml. The substrate and nutrient media were autoclaved (121ºC and 20 min). The samples diluted to 2.5% (w/v) of total slurry were used as substrate. The enzyme preparation used commercial cellulase enzyme. The amount of cellulase added was 4 and 8% (w/w) of dry mass of samples. All SSF process was conducted by inoculating yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae into fermentor in the amount of 10% (v/v) 1.5 x 109 CFU/cc. The SSF experiments run for 96 h, and the data were investigated periodically every 24 h. The results showed total sugar and reducing sugar tended to decrease with time of inoculation whereas ethanol concentration increases significantly. The growth of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae tended to incease in initial inoculation and decrease by the end of inoculation. The best method of hydrolysis (saccharification) and fermentation using SSF process for all tropical wood species tested were using cellulase 8% of dry mass (DM) and 10% (v/v) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which produced bioethanol with concentration of 0.98; 0.57 and 0.51% for gmelina, pine and oil palm respectively and produced yields 11.21, 5.85 and 3.20%, in that order.
Load Carrying Capacity of Drift Pin Joint of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) with Steel Insert Plate
Authors: Nakashima Shoichi , Kitamori Akihisa , Komatsu Kohei
Published: February 2021

Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is a structural plate element which is approved in Europe and is intended to be approved in Japan. It consists of small dimension laminae, in which laminae parallel and perpendicular to longitudinal direction are interlaminated. We performed tensile tests for the drift pin joint with steel insert plate. Specimen consisted of CLT was made from Japanese cedar laminae (thickness of laminae t = 30mm, five laminae were layered), with steel drift pin plate. Odd-numbered layers were parallel to the longitudinal axis, and even-numbered layers were perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The experimental parameters were edge distances (3d, 4d and 7d), end distances (3d, 4d and 7d) and diameters of pin (12 and 16 mm) and the replication were three respectively. Initial stiffness was lower than the results of glulam drift pin joint loaded in parallel to the grain, however second stiffness after the yield of drift pin was higher because the lateral compression occurred at even-numbered layers. Additionally, ductility was higher because split failures around the pin were prevented by the glued effect of interlaminated layers. As the characteristic value of test results, initial stiffness K, yield load Py, maximum load Pmax, indicated the effect of the difference of the diameter of the pin, while deformation capacity indicated the effect of edge distance.
Cell Proportion and Dimension of Sukun (Breadfruit) (Artocarpus communis FORST) Wood “A Potential Multipurpose Tree Species”
Authors: Marsoem Sri Nugroho , Feryanto Harry , Yamamoto Hiroyuki
Published: February 2021

Sukun (Artocarpus communis FORST), also known as breadfruit, is a multipurpose tree and is mostly grown in community forest. In an effort to increase the added value of Sukun trees grown in community forest, a study on the cell proportion and dimension of the wood was conducted by using Sukun trees grown on Karangmojo Village, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. Samples for the study were taken from pith to bark in the north direction of the stem. Cell proportion as well as fiber dimension were then observed. The properties observed were analyzed by analysis of variance using a Completely Randomized Design. The result shows that the wood was composed of fiber of only 37.91%, while its rays, parenchyma, and vessel are of 26.60%, 23.85% and 11.61% respectively. The wood had a rather long average fiber length that is 1.65 mm and fiber diameter of 42.48 µm, lumen diameter of 37.28 µm and cell-wall thickness of 2.60 µm.
Green Aromatics from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Fast Growing Meranti Biomass
Authors: Sulistyo Joko , Hata Toshimitsu , Honma Sensho , Asakura Ryohei , Marsoem Sri Nugroho
Published: February 2021

The study on catalytic pyrolysis decomposition of Shorea leprosula wood biomass to form aromatic compounds in fast pyrolysis was performed by pyrolytic-gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) - electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) to analyze the chemical compound and solid residue microstructure. Py-GC/MS and TEM-EELS analysis showed that the fast pyrolysis increased the decomposition of hardwood, in which in the presence of ZSM-5 catalyst, the liquid products from wood decomposition was then diffused into the pore of ZSM-5 catalyst to form aromatics including benzene, toluene, styrene, naphthalenes and indanes. The carbonaceous solid compounds or cokes were not deposited on the surface of pores of ZSM-5 catalyst in the fast pyrolysis, as shown by the EELS spectrum that exhibited no detection of any solid carbonaceous compound in the solid residue.
Characteristic of Bamboo Particleboard Bonded with Citric Acid
Authors: Widyorini Ragil , Yudha Ari Puspa , Adifandi Yuditya , Umemura Kenji , Kawai Shuichi
Published: February 2021

Converting biomass waste to high value-added product, such as biocomposite, tends to attract the interest of researcher and industry. Reducing the utilization of synthetic resin adhesives becomes one of the important points, considering the safe global environment. Binderlessboard is a product whose bonding depends mainly on the chemical composition of the raw materials. The aim of this research was to develop bio-based composites made from bamboo biomass waste materials. This report focused on the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. To improve the properties of the boards, the possibility of using citric acid was investigated and discussed. Petung bamboo particles (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) were used in this research. The contents of citric acid were ranged in 0% (binderlessboard), 10%, and 20% based on dried particles. The dimension of the boards was 25 x 25 x 0.7 cm, with the target density was 0.9 g/cm3. The particleboards were hot pressed at 200ºC and 220ºC for 10 and 15 min. The physical and mechanical properties of those particleboards were then evaluated based on Japanese Industrial Standard A 5908 for particleboard. The results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of the boards improved significantly by adding the citric acid. The bamboo particleboards obtained had good properties, with the spesific IB, specific MOR and specific MOE values under the optimum condition of 20 wt % citric acid content and 200ºC hot press were 0.44 MPa, 15.1 MPa and 4.6 GPa, respectively. It stated that bamboo particleboards bonded using citric acid had high performance on mechanical properties and good dimensional stability.
Biocomposite from Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Microfibrilled Cellulose
Authors: Imai Naokichi , Nakagaito Antonio Norio , Yano Hiroyuki , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: February 2021

In this study, a biocomposite consisting of an oil-based network polymer and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) have been prepared and its mechanical and thermal properties have been evaluated. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was impregnated in a mat of MFC, followed by the acid-catalyzed curing of ESO to produce the biocomposite. SEM observation shows the good dispersion of the cellulose fiber in the oil-based network polymer. The Young's modulus and tensile strength of the biocomposite were much superior to those of the ESO homopolymer and these values increased as a function of the MFC content in the biocomposite. The storage modulus (E’) of the biocomposite in the rubbery region was also larger than that of the ESO homopolymer.
Water Vapor Sorption Behavior of Arabinoxylan from Corn Pericarp
Authors: Yoshida Tomoki , Dwianto Wahyu , Honda Yoichi , Uyama Hiroshi , Azuma Jun-ichi
Published: February 2021

The influence of the degree of arabinose substitution in arabinoxylan on its water vapor sorption behavior was investigated by comparing the application of the independent dual sorption model and the Hailwood-Horrobin (H-H) model on corn pericarp arabinoxylans with arabinose/xylose ratios of 0.35, 0.26 and 0.12. Characterization of their sigmoid shaped adsorption isotherms grouped in IUPAC Type II indicates the usefulness of the former model to demonstrate the importance of arabinose substituents in increasing the affinity of corn pericarp arabinoxylan for water molecules. The present results open the future applicability of the independent dual sorption model for characterization of the hydration behavior of other branched polymers.
Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy to Predict Physical Properties of Acacia mangium at Three Different Age Classes
Authors: Karlinasari Lina , Sabed Merry
Published: February 2021

Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used to predict several properties of wood. This is one of the nondestructive testing (NDT) methods providing fast and reliable wood characterization analysis which can be applied in various manufacture industry, included forest sector, in control and process monitoring task. Moisture content and wood density are important properties related to strength properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate NIR technique in obtaining calibration models for determining moisture content and wood density of Acacia mangium in the age of 5, 6, 7 years-old. Spectra were measured in both solid and ground wood samples. Laboratory testing of physical properties were determined by volumetric and gravimetric methods. The laboratory values were correlated with the NIR spectra using multivariate analysis statistic of Partial Least Square (PLS). The calibration-validation model of this relationship was evaluated by using the coefficient of determination (R2), root means square error of calibration (RMSEC) and cross-validation (RMSECV) values. Generally, a better accuracy was obtained by using calibration model of ground wood compared to that of solid wood samples. At age of 7 years-old, the R2 allowed the use of NIR spectra of solid samples to develop calibration and validation model, especially for wood density. Based on ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) and RMSE, ground samples demonstrated a higher value of RPD, RMSEC, and RMSECV compared to solid wood for all properties.
Uniaxial Tension of Yellow Meranti Timber at an Angle to the Grain
Authors: Pranata Yosafat Aji , Surono Roky
Published: February 2021

Tensile strength measures the force applied to a timber element/structural element to the point where it breaks. In this paper, a finite element analysis (FEA) of uniaxial tension of Yellow Meranti timber (Shorea spp.), using von Mises Criterion to include orthotropic nature of the material, was used to derive a prediction of tensile strength at an angle to the grain (cross grain) in plane stress (2D) modeling. To investigate the validity of the finite element analysis results, various 5°, 10°, and 15° cross grain specimens of Yellow Meranti (Shorea spp.) were tested in laboratory under uniaxial tension stress using UTM instrument. Comparison with experimental results shows that the FEA simulation predicts the stress-strain curves lower than experimental results, which result shows good agreement, it is seen from %-relative difference which is less than 30%. Calculations were performed with the numerical analysis (FEA) and Experimental Tests gives results that the difference is not too significant, for specimens with a grain angle of 5° difference in outcomes by 27%, for a grain angle of 10° difference in outcomes by 25%, and for a grain angle 15° difference in outcomes by 22%.
The Changes in Microstructure and Thermal Constant in Conversion of Carbonized Wood to Silicon Carbide Composite
Authors: Sulistyo Joko , Marsoem Sri Nugroho , Hata Toshimitsu
Published: February 2021

Carbonized wood which possesses microstructure with random orientation graphitic crystallites and with pores between the graphitic crystallites, is potentially developed into new material of silicon carbide (SiC) composite, a high performance material for engineering purposes. This paper investigates the development of the microstructure in the turbostratic carbon phase and the formation of SiC crystal from the reaction of carbon and SiO2. Results show the turbostratic microstructure in carbonized wood lead to the possible formation of SiC compound in the manufacturing of SiC/SiO2/Ccomposite. The heat treatment at 1800ºC on the mixture of SO2 and carbonized wood creates the formation of SiC compound, which improves the degree of microstructure ordering. The improvement of microstructure turbostratic carbon and the growth of graphitic crystallites in turbostratic carbon improves the thermal conductivity of SiC/SiO2/C composite comparingwith those of carbonized wood composite.
The Opportunities and Challenges of Jati Plus Perhutani
Authors: Corriyanti Corriyanti , Muharyani Novinci
Published: February 2021

The teak breeding program has long been conducted by Perum Perhutani and produced superior teak and was named Teak Plus of Perhutani - Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP). With good silviculture practices, JPP-teak of 9 year-old can produce no less than 100 m³/ha, with ± 60 cm of tree circumstance. The high demand for teak wood is an opportunity to develop JPP-teak with fast growing character. Research shows that the quality of JPP wood of 5 and 10 years of age can be classified into Strength Class III. Although the quality of JPP-teak is not equal as the teak gets older, it can be improved through several methods, such as densification, thermal modification, etc. Durability of fast growing JPP-teak can be enhanced by additional treatment with natural or chemical material preservation. Wood color modification can be done through heat treatment method. The color change of JPP-teak of 5 years of age that looked more brownies with variation in value of color change (ΔE*) of 1.04 to 48.53. Modification technology influenced the properties of teak wood and it is an opportunity of JPP to gain added value as a renewable forest resource product. With teak forest area covering 1.7 million hectares, Perum Perhutani has challenges in developing JPP-teak with more added value.
Anti-proliferative Activity of Some Oleanolic Acid Derivatives with Potent Topoisomerase Inhibitory Activity on B16 Melanoma Cells
Authors: Ashour Ahmed , Kondo Ryuichiro , Shimizu Kuniyoshi
Published: February 2021

Our previous study included the semisynthetic reactions on oleanolic acid, a common wood-derived oleanane-type triterpene. Ten rationally designed derivatives of oleanolic acid were synthesized based on docking studies and tested for their topoisomerase I and IIα inhibitory activity. Semisynthetic reactions targeted C-3, C-12, C-13 and C-17. Some of these compounds act as dual inhibitors for both topoisomerase I and IIα giving new anticancer agents. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds on B16 melanoma cancer cells was evaluated. Results showed that most of these compounds have a higher cytotoxic activity on B16 melanoma cells.
Variation of Heartwood Proportion and Wood Colour from Fast Grown 5-Year-Old Teak
Authors: Damayanti Ratih , Ozarska Barbara , Ilic Jugo , Pari Gustan , Dwianto Wahyu , Indrawan Dian Anggraini , Krisdianto Krisdianto
Published: February 2021

The heartwood percentage and wood colour of fast plantation grown teak destined for harvest at 5 years of age were characterized using automatic image processing ’ImageJ’ routines and CieLab’s colour system with the following coefficients: L for lightness, a* for redness and b* for yellowness. Analyses were conducted on material from different dry and wet sites. Comparison with 6-year old plantation from a dry site was conducted to study differences arising in older trees. Analyses of variation of those properties between and within different tree diameter classes were also conducted. The results showed that brightness, redness and yellowness values of 5-year old teak trees were 60.7, 10.7 and 23.1, respectively. Tree clone had a more dominant effect on wood colour and heartwood proportion than site, thus if specific colour preferences are needed of plantation trees, clone selection is important. The drier site produced larger proportions of heartwood in trees, as well as a more attractive figure. The trees produced heartwood proportions of 20% and 14% from the dry and wet sites respectively. On average, these 5 year old teak trees already produced 18% heartwood. Faster tree growth (larger diameter) appeared to have produced significantly larger heartwood proportions. Radially, the palest colour (the highest L but the lowest a*b* parameters) occurred in an area between heartwood and sapwood indicating the presence of a transition zone in all the tree samples.
Extractives Contributing to the Color of Swietenia macrophylla King Bark
Authors: Masendra Masendra , Arisandi Rizki , Purba Brandon Aristo Verick , Sumantri Fuad , Ihda Fatra Valahatul , Wati Fatimah Zulaikha , Lukmandaru Ganis
Published: February 2021

The bark of Swietenia machrophylla is colored dark red, and it is correlated with the extractives constituents such as phenolic compounds. This study, therefore, aims to investigate extractives from the inner and outer bark of S. machrophylla and their effects to color properties. The results showed that the extractive content in the inner bark was higher than the outer except for hot water solubles. In addition, the polyphenols and sugar levels from inner to outer bark were increased, except in the soluble-sugar of hot water extractive. The highest correlation between the absorbance of methanol, hot water-soluble extracts, and total polyphenols were observed using the visual spectrophotometer. The extractives that contributed to the bark's color were indicated from flavonoids with a precursor such as monophenol of catechol and resorcinol.
Chemical Compounds, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of A. cardamomum Leaves and Rhizomes Oils on Different Distillation Time
Authors: Pujiarti Rini , Kusumadewi Aisyah
Published: February 2021

Amomum cardamomum is a local cardamom that grows widely and recently developed as and agroforestry crops in Indonesia. Its seeds, leaves and rhizomes are sources of essential oil. Essential oils from cardamom have many benefits for health and flavouring agent. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the yield, chemical composisition, physico-chemical properties, and antioxidant activities of leaves and rhizomes oils of cardamom were distillated using water-steam distillation for 4, 6, and 8 hours. The chemical composition were analyzed by GC-MS, physicochemical properties were analyzed used ISO standard and antioxidant activity were analyzed by DPPH method. The results showed that A. cardamomun oils yield between 0.06-0.33%. The main compound in the oils is 1,8-cineole with the highest percentage was obtained from cardamom rhizomes oil was distillated for 6 hours (60.63%). The results of each sample almost have the same quality with specific gravity between 0.899 – 0.909; refractive index between 1.476-1.478; optical rotation between (+)2.05⁰-(+)2.38⁰; miscibility in 70% alcohol between 1:7-1:9; and acid number between 0.49-0.69. The leaves and rhizomes oils of A. cardamomum showed potent antioxidant activity with the highest antioxidant were obtained from cardamom rhizomes oil were distillated for 8 hours with IC50: 0.039 g/ml.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Menyusun Silabus Berbasis Pendidikan Budaya dan Karakter Bangsa Melalui Supervisi Akademik Saat PJJ Bagi Guru SMP 21 Semarang
Authors: Nugroho Suwarno Agung
Published: February 2021

Pada saat terjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ), ketika  pandemi berlangsung,guru dituntut mampu menyusun silabus pembelajaran yang sesuai. Silabus pendidikan berbasis budaya dan karakter bangsa sangat dibutuhkan untuk membantu proses pembelajaran secara profesional saat PJJ. Peranan kepala sekolah dalam melakukan supervisi akademik untuk meningkatkan kompetensi menyusun silabus pendidikan budaya dan karakter bangsa menjadi sebuah kebutuhan.

Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dihadapi guru-guru SMPN 21 Semarang, yaitu rendahnya kompetensi dalam menyusun silabus yang terintegrasi dengan pendidikan budaya dan karakter bangsa saat PJJ, maka perlu dicarikan solusinya. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut di atas, kepala sekolah perlu mengambil tindakan yang harus dilakukan yaitu melaksanakan pembinaan akademis tentang penyusunan silabus yang terintegrasi dengan pendidikan  budaya dan karakter bangsa. Kurangnya pembekalan yang diberikan kepada guru dalam menyusun  silabus Berbasis Pendidikan Budaya dan Karakter Bangsa perlu diatasi.

Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada siklus I dengan dibandingkan pada siklus II tentang kompetensi menyusun silabus berbasis pendidikan budaya dan karakter bangsa pada guru SMPN 21 Semarang terdapat peningkatan kompetensi yang cukup baik meski pembelajaran dilakukan secara PJJ. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari rekapitulasi hasil pengamatan pada siklus II terdapat peningkatan kompetensi, 10 guru sudah bisa menyusun silabus berbasis pendidikan budaya dan karakter bangsa. Namun demikian, masih terdapat 2 guru yang belum bisa menyusun silabus. Dengan demikian, terdapat 83,3% guru sudah bisa menyusun kategori baik silabus berbasis pendidikan budaya dan karakter bangsa.

Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah melalui supervisi akademik saat PJJ dapat meningkatkan kompetensi menyusun silabus berbasis pendidikan budaya dan karakter bangsa
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran The Power Of Two Terhadap Kemandirian dan Hasil Belajar Pada “Sub Tema 7.1. Keragaman Suku Bangsa dan Agama di Negeriku” Siswa Kelas IV SD Drajidan Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Prabawati Icha Wahyu
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh guru hendaknya dapat memecahkan masalah pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemandirian  belajar, yang dapat mendorong hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran dan meningkatkan kreativitas guru. Guru dapat menggunakan salah satu model pembelajaran inovatif yaitu  model pembelajaran The Power of Two. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua SD Negeri kelas IV di SD Petarukan   1 sebagai kelas uji coba produk dengan jumlah responden 20 siswa dan sedangkan untuk kelas sampel adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Drajidan Kabupaten Boyolali yang berjumlah 30. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa  hasil perhitungan uji t hasil belajar diperoleh thitung = 5,385. Dari daftar distribusi t dengan dk = n -1  = 30 – 2 = 28 diperoleh 1,701. Karena 5,385 > 1,701 maka Ho ditolak, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa  ada keefektifan model pembelajaran The Power of Two terhadap kemandirian dan hasil belajar siswa pada  sub materi 7.1. “Keragaman Suku Bangsa dan Agama di Negeriku” siswa kelas IV SD Drajidan Kabupaten Boyolali tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Saran dari peneliti adalah guru dalam melaksanakan penilaian memperhatikan model pembelajaran The Power of Two yang digunakan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemandirian dan hasil belajar siswa.
E-LEARNING TRY OUT UJIAN NASIONAL SMK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CMS MOODLE
Authors: Machmud Andi Imam , Henny Henny
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pembuatan e-learning try out ujian nasional SMA dengan menggunakan CMS Moodle. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi,wawancara dan Kepustakaan untuk memudahkan mendapatkan informasi mengenai e-learning try out ujian nasional SMA. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan aplikasi ini adalah dengan mengikuti prinsip CMS (Content Management System) dimana terdapat siswa dan Administrator/guru. siswa orang yang dapat mengakses materi ataupun kuis yang ada pada elearning dan melihat informasi umum yang di tampilkan di dalam e-learning tersebut. Sedangkan Administrator/guru adalah Orang yang memegang akses penuh dimana administrator/guru dapat menambah/merubah bahkan menghapus content elearning dan sebagainya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebuah program e-learning tryout yang memudahkan dalam siswa SMK dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal ujian dan dapat dilakukan kapan saja dengan mudah dan hanya mendaftar pada website E-learning ini
APLIKASI RESERVASI TAMU HOTEL HAPPY INN KENDARI MENGGUNAKAN BORLAND DELPHI 7.0
Authors: Wijono Tresno , S.Kom Zainuddin
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat aplikasi reservasi tamu hotel happy in kendari dengan menggunakan bahasa pemroramana Borland Delphi 7.0., hal ini disebabkan bahwa pada hotel happy inn kendari belum melakukan reservasi tamu secara online yang terkomputerisai, hal ini dirasakan menjadi sebuah kendala karena untuk reservasi hotel para tamu hotel harus dating sendiri sehingga pelayanannya dirasakan belum optimal. Hal inilah yang mendasari penulis untuk membuat sebuah aplikasi reservasi tamu hotel bagi tamu yang berda diluar daerah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian qualitative dimana semua data yang dihasilkan akan dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam pembuatan sistem yang dibutuhkan dalam membangun sebuah aplikasi yang terintegrasi dengan teknologi komputer. Adapun tahap perancangan dengan model pengembangan perangkat lunak model RUP (relational unified proces) mengenai sistem yang sedang berjalan pada hotel happy inn kendari,. Selanjutnya adalah perancangan flowchart program, perancangan database, perancangan input dan output, pembuatan listing program dan kemudian pengujian terhadap program. Hasil penelitian ini berupa sebuah aplikasi yang digunakan untuk pengolahan data tamu hotel happy in kendari.
SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PEMETAAN SEBARAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PANGAN DI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Tiranda Alfeus Poni , Henny Henny
Published: February 2021

Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara merupakan salah satu Provinsi yang memiliki potensi sumber daya pangan yang berlimpah. Penyampaian dan Penyajian informasi mengenai hasil produksi tanaman pangan oleh BPS Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara masih dalam bentuk katalog dan belum dalam bentuk pemetaan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dirasa penting untuk merancang dan membangun suatu “Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Sebaran Produksi Tanaman Pangan Di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara”. Pengembangan sistem usulan dilakukan dengan dua tahapan yakni, tahapan pengumpulan data dan tahapan pengembangan sistem dengan metode Sistem Development Life Cycle model waterfall dimana dalam tahapan desain menggunakan Data Flow Diagram dan sistem yang dibangun berbasis web. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem informasi geografis yang mampu memberikan informasi dalam bentuk pemetaan yang dapat membatu dalam proses pengamatan pola sebaran produksi tanaman pangan lebih muda dan dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi pihak-pihak terkait.
SISTEM PENGARSIPAN SURAT MASUK DAN SURAT KELUAR PADA KANTOR SEKRETARIAT DPRD PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA MENGGUNAKAN BORLAND DELPHI 7
Authors: Rustamin Zulvianita , Dewi Anita Puspita
Published: February 2021

Administrasi persuratan merupakan kegiatan operasional rutin yang dilakukan oleh setiap personal dalam suatu organisasi atau perkantoran. Pada Kantor Sekretariat DPRD Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, dalam pengelolaan arsip data surat masuk dan surat keluar, masih dilakukan secara manual baik dalam pendataan surat, pengarsipan surat dan proses pencarian surat yang terkadang menemui kendala, Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka diperlukan suatu sistem pengolahan data surat yang sesuai untuk mendukung kelancaran aktifitas pegawai. Sistem Pengarsipan Surat Masuk dan Surat Keluar pada Kantor Sekretariat DPRD, menggunakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak yaitu metode Prototyping, metode perancangan basis data dengan menggunakan metode ER dan metode perancangan sistem menggunakan DFD. Penelitian ini bertujuan membantu pegawai dalam melakukan pengolahan dan pengarsipan data surat sehingga pencarian surat yang dibutukan lebih cepat.
SISTEM PAKAR MENDETEKSI PENYAKIT TANAMAN JAGUNG DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING
Authors: Syarifuddin LaOde , Siregar Mirhan Siregar
Published: February 2021

Penelitian dengan judul Sistem Pakar Mendeteksi Penyakit Tanaman Jagung Dengan Metode Forward Chaining pada kantor Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Buton Selatan bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah sistem pakar tanaman jagung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode Forward Chaining yaitu sebuah metode dalam pencarian solusi berdasarkan gejala-gejala yang ada dan setelah itu dapat menampilkan data penyakit beserta solusinya. Perancangan alur sistem menggunakan Data Flow Diagram dan perancangan database dengan menggunakan Entity Relationship serta aplikasi yang digunakan menggunakan Borland Delphi 7.0. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu sebuah sistem pakar tanaman jagung yang dapat mendeteksi penyakit berdasarkan gejala-gejala yang ada.
APLIKASI E-COMMERCE PADA TOKO KHAIRUNNISWA BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Burhanudin Burhanudin , Baharuddin Baharuddin
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang sebuah sistem informasi berbasis e-commerce pada Toko Khairunniswa untuk membantu dan meningkatkan penjualan agar dapat melakukan pemesanan secara online dan memberikan informasi produk terbaru yang dijual kepada pelanggan melalui halaman website.Toko Khairunniswa adalah toko yang bergerak dalam bidang penjualan busana muslim seperti Gamis, Jilbab Khimar, Mukena dan lain-lain. Pengembangan aplikasi e-commerce Toko Khairunniswa menggunakan beberapa tahap sesuai dengan langkah-langkah yang ada pada pembangunan perangkat lunak model waterfall, diantaranya yaitu tahap analisis, desain, implementasi, dan testing. Hasil yang dicapai bahwa sistem ecommerce membutuhkan sistem penjualan yang berbasis website e-commerce, dengan adanya website ecommerce ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah baik bagi pihak Toko Khairunniswa dalam mengelola transaksi penjualan produk maupun pelanggan dalam melakukan pemesanan produk dengan memanfaatkan media Internet sehingga dapat bekerja secara efektif dan efisien sehingga target penjualan dapat berkembang. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah internet merupakan sebuah media yang dapat membantu dan mendukung dalam pengembangan bisnis.
APLIKASI PENGOLAHAN DATA PADA RECREATION AND HEALTH CLUB (RHC ) FITNESS CENTER SWISS-BELHOTEL KENDARI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN DELPHI 7.0
Authors: Sarpina Sarpina , Bahtiar A LaOde Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari Aplikasi Pengolahan Data padaRecreation and Health Club(RHC)Fitness CenterSwiss-belHotel Kendari yaitu dapat membantu kinerjakaryawan yang bertugas dalam pengolahan data dandapat mempermudah proses registrasi member danbentuk penyimpanannya tersimpan didalam database.Aplikasi Pengolahan Data pada Recreation and HealthClub(RHC)Fitness Center Swiss-belHotel Kendarimenggunakan metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatansistem yaitu metode perancangan menggunakan DFD,Diagram Konteks, Level Nol. Metode perancangandatabase menggunakan ERD dan Relasi. Bahasapemrograman yang digunakan adalah menggunakanpemrograman Borland Delphi 7.0.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN LOGISTIK PADA GUDANG BANTUAN DI DINAS SOSIAL KOTA KENDARI MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN JAVA
Authors: Ishak Jeremmy Januar , Sutardi Sutardi
Published: February 2021

Dinas Sosial Kota Kendari memilikipermasalahan dalam pengolahan datanya, yang masihmenggunakan Microsoft Excel sebagai penampungandatanya sehingga pencarian data sering memilikipermasalahan. Karena harus mencari data satupersatu yang biasa memerlukan waktu yang cukuplama untuk pengecekan datanya, karena itu perludibuatkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis sistem informasiyang bisa memudahkan dalam pencarian datanyasehingga mampu lebih mempercepat waktunya tanpaharus mencarinya secara manual (membuka tiap-tiapfolder atau sheet-sheet dalam MS Excel) yangtentunya akan memakan waktu yang lamamenyebabkan keterlambatan informasi.Metode yang digunakan dalam tugas akhir iniadalah metode SDLC (system development life cycle)sedangkan gambaran sistem yang dibangunmenggunakan Flowchart bisnis, DFD (Data FlowDiagram), dan ERD (Entitas Relationship Diagram).Hasil dari aplikasi yang dibangun ini yaituaplikasi yang dapat mempermudah Bagianpergudangan pada kantor Dinas Sosial Kota Kendariuntuk mengolah data gudang agar lebihmengefisienkan dalam pemberian informasi.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENILAIAN DESA TERBAIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ADDITIVE RATIO ASSESSMENT (ARAS)
Authors: Anas Anas
Published: February 2021

Pemilihan desa terbaik setiap tahun dilakukan oleh pemerintah Kecamatan, lomba ini dapat memotivasi warga dan perangkat desa untuk membuat desanya menjadi lebih baik. Kendala yang dialami selama ini adalah apabila terjadi hasil penilaian sama persis maka akan sulit menentukan desa mana yang mendapat predikat sebagai desa terbaik, sehingga menyulitkan tim penilai untuk menentukan juaranya apabila desa yang memiliki nilai sama adalah desa yang paling tinggi nilainya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan desa terbaik dengan metode ARAS. bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah PHP dan MYSQL sebagai databasenya.