bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employee Work Professionalism in Service Public (Case Study in Kayubulan Village, Limboto District)
Authors: Idji Rusly Abdurahman , Imbran Harijono H. , Holle Nabila Shanaz Sukaina
Published: June 2022

This research was conducted in Kayubulan Sub-District, Limboto District, Gorontalo Regency. This study aims to determine how the Professional Work of Employees in Public Services (Case Study in Kelurahan Kayubulan, Limboto District. The research method uses descriptive qualitative type using data sourced from interviews with predetermined informants, each Camat, Lurah, Kelurahan Secretary, 2 Section Heads, 1 staff member and 2 community members. The results of the study concluded that the staff of the Subdistrict of Keyubulan, Limboto District had shown quite good, although it was still not optimal. This is seen from four aspects of professionalism, namely; aspects of Equality, aspects of equity, loyalty, and accountability. These four aspects have been able to be demonstrated quite well by employees in Kayubulan Sub-District, Limboto District. In conducting public services.
Pandemic Issues: Faculty Value Alignment and Burnout
Authors: Chin Eu Gene , Clubbs Brooke Hildebrand
Published: June 2022

Burnout among faculty members impacts physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning and has negative socioeconomic consequences downstream. Prior to the pandemic, faculty members were already reporting high levels of burnout, which is characterized by depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and a lack of personal accomplishment. Previous research reported that value incongruence functions as one of the strongest predictors of depersonalization (and subsequently) turnover intention. This study provides a snapshot of the value alignment and burnout of faculty at a regional public university in the months following the pandemic-induced pivot to remote learning. Results from our survey of faculty members (N = 58) suggest a concerning trend for a subset of faculty members who greatly identify with the values of their workplace and are severely impacted by COVID-19 related stressors. For these people, higher alignment with values predicts higher depersonalization. These results raise the possibility of moral injury among educators, who may experience a value conflict between maintaining the rigor they previously required and demonstrating radical empathy to students living through a pandemic. These results have implications for college administrators, instructors, and educational researchers.
Importance of Developing Financially Literate Families and Communities: Opportunities for FCS Educators
Authors: Molchan Stephen
Published: June 2022

Financial literacy has been an issue for decades in the United States; however, the COVID-19 pandemic put financial illiteracy in the spotlight. Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS) educators have the ability to influence the financial literacy rates among individuals, families, and communities. Despite Hogarth’s 2002 call to action for FCS educators to promote fiscal education, this has not happened. FCS educators must now respond to this call. This manuscript addresses the financial illiteracy problem in the United States, the importance of financial literacy, financial literacy in the FCS National Standards, and the actions FCS educators can take to improve financial literacy.
Social Cognitive Theory Constructs That Predict Betel Nut Chewing Among Secondary Students in the Solomon Islands
Authors: Waqatakirewa Lepani , Sharma Manoj , Danawi Hadi , Gali Ambrose Roots
Published: June 2022

Background: After alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine, areca or betel nut is the fourth most commonly abused substance in the world. The prevalence of betel nut use in the Solomon Islands is estimated at 68% in young people. Long-term use can result in detrimental health outcomes such as oral cancers and metabolic syndrome. Methods: The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to determine whether the constructs of social cognitive theory (SCT) can predict betel nut use in Year 12 secondary students in the Solomon Islands. Five SCT constructs of expectations (outcome expectations and outcome expectancies), self-efficacy, self-efficacy to overcome barriers, self-control, and environment were used to build a model for the study. Data were collected from a convenience quota sample of 138 Year 12 secondary students through a 37-item questionnaire. Results: Multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression analysis indicated self-efficacy to overcome barriers (p < .01) was the only construct significantly related to intent to not chew betel nut. Conclusion: Social cognitive theory (SCT) was weakly predictive with low explained variance for not chewing betel nut in secondary students. Research findings contribute to knowledge useful for developers of school health programs and researchers working on strategies to improve intervention actions to reduce betel nut use. The SCT could be bolstered by newer theories like the integrative model or multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change for designing educational interventions aimed at limiting betel nut use in young people, especially school students.
Rewolucja robotyczna. Kluczowe aspekty robotyzacji i autonomizacji w konfliktach zbrojnych
Authors: Waszewski Jan
Published: June 2022

W artykule przeanalizowano trzy kluczowe aspekty automatyzacji, robotyzacji i autonomizacji (ARA) systemów uzbrojenia oraz podkreślono, że kwestie te należy rozważać wspólnie ze względu na ich wzajemne powiązania. Jako pierwszy aspekt przeanalizowano wyzwania techniczne współczesnej robotyki. Wskazano podstawowe bariery w tej dziedzinie, których wyeliminowanie jest konieczne, by stała się ona użyteczna dla sił zbrojnych. Drugi aspekt analizy dotyczył znaczenia ARA dla możliwej rewolucji, a z pewnością ewolucji prowadzenia konfliktów zbrojnych. Rozważania skoncentrowano zwłaszcza na przypuszczeniu, że głównym wyzwaniem staje się coraz większa dostępność różnorodnych tanich urządzeń, które niedużym kosztem i bez dostępu do najnowszych technologii można zmieniać w użyteczne na polu bitwy roboty, również autonomiczne. Trzeci aspekt analizy ujmuje proces ARA w kontekście prawa wojennego. Przytoczono podstawowe idee międzynarodowych rozważań nad regulacjami śmiercionośnych systemów autonomicznych (LAWS).
Trastornos alimenticios de los deportistas: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Pazmiño Torres Juan Mateo
Published: June 2022

Los trastornos alimenticios constituyen un problema real para la sociedad sin dejar de lado a los deportistas. El objetivo de este estudio radica en evidenciar cuales son los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria más frecuentes en los deportistas élite de entre 12 y 17 años y cómo estos afectan en su vida social. Se realizó una revisión sistemática donde se tomaron en cuenta, los artículos de prevalencia, incidencia y factores de riesgo para el TCA en los deportistas en edades entre 12 y 17 años. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron que es importante una intervención a tiempo, que las familias, entidades deportivas y los entrenadores acompañados del equipo técnico como psicólogo deportivo, medico deportivo, etc., sean informados con datos prudentes y que sobre todo en los centros de entrenamiento deportivo formativo y de alto rendimiento se escatimen esfuerzos para trabajar en aspectos psicológicos relacionados con la autoestima y el amor propio, dando lugar a que la personalidad de los deportistas de entre 12 y 17 años se construya en consonancia con sus ideales y sueños a alcanzar a futuro por su bien y el de la sociedad.
Introduction: Geopolitics for Investors
Authors: Klement Joachim
Published: June 2022

As geopolitical factors increasingly influence markets, investors need to gauge the impact on investments. Most experts consider political risks unquantifiable, but this publication shows how such risks can be quantified and used for risk management.
Chapter 9: The Impact of Climate Change
Authors: Klement Joachim
Published: June 2022

Climate change has become a critical consideration for investors. Two major geo-economic developments are key: the likely economic impact of climate change and the societal consequences of climate change, such as famine, migration, and strife.
Chapter 7: Data—The Oil of the 21st Century
Authors: Klement Joachim
Published: June 2022

Cyber-warfare and cyber-crime are relatively new risks for investors. Potential consequences of large-scale attacks include blackouts and financial chaos. Investors need to assess the possible risks for investments and political stability.
Dizainu grįsto mąstymo metodologijos taikymas viešojo sektoriaus darbuotojų kompetencijų ugdymui (lietuvių kalba)
Authors: Petrauskienė Rūta , Sinkienė Jolita , Daugėlienė Rasa , Janiūnaitė Brigita , Vaičiūnienė Jolanta , Gaižiūnienė Lina , Štuopytė Edita
Published: June 2022

Dizainu grįstas mąstymas – tai kūrybiška iššūkio sprendimo metodologija, kuri plačiai taikoma įvairaus tipo organizacijose visame pasaulyje. Pagrindinis šio leidinio tikslas – padėti viešajam sektoriui inovatyviai reaguoti į šiuo¬laikinės visuomenės patiriamus iššūkius, tarpsektorines problemas ir skatinti pasitikėjimą viešuoju sektoriumi. Leidinys skirtas viešojo sektoriaus organizacijų darbuotojams, vadovams, įvairių studijų lygmenų socialinių mokslų studijų studentams, neformaliojo švietimo programų dalyviams ir visiems, siekiantiems kūrybiškai reaguoti į bet kokius iššūkius ir ieškoti tinkamų sprendinių.
Modeling of LPBF Scanning Strategy and its Correlation with the Metallic 316 L, 321, and Alnico Magnets Samples Structure
Authors: Kuznetsov Pavel , Mozhayko Anna , Shakirov Ivan , Bobyr Vitaliy , Staritsyn Mikhail , Zhukov Anton
Published: June 2022

This chapter presents the influence of powder bed laser scanning strategy on the crystallographic structure of the fused specimens 316 L, 321 stainless steel, and Alnico magnets. The main parameters affecting structure are as follows—laser power, stripe width, number of repeated passes with different power, and type of scanning (circle, bidirectional or interlaced, etc.). Changes in the crystallographic structure are studied with regard to melt pool geometry, surface temperature, and surface heat transfer. The correlation is shown between stripe width and laser beam focal spot diameter. Depending on the ratio between stripe width and laser beam focal spot diameter one can see growth elongated and oriented grains or quasi-equiaxed non-oriented grains. The influence of the energy input on the melt pool size and the microstructure of the sample is studied. The influence of the scanning mode (bidirectional and circular) on the temperature distribution in the sample and the microstructure of the sample made of Alnico alloy is considered. All these experimental and model examples clearly demonstrate that it is possible to produce a controllable structure during LPBF process building for advanced additive manufacturing.
Extractions Methods and Biological Applications of Essential Oils
Authors: Kumar Mahawer Sonu , Himani  , Arya Sushila , Kumar Ravendra , Prakash Om
Published: June 2022

Plants produce secondary metabolites for defense and based on the biosynthetic pathway, these chemical compounds are broadly divided into three categories namely nitrogen-containing compounds, phenolic compounds, and terpenes. Essential oils and other such compounds are known for their biological activities. The extraction of essential oils is a challenging aspect for researchers in the field of natural products. Hydrodistillation is a time-consuming and very tedious method. Nowadays, accelerated solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, subcritical water extraction, microwave hydrodiffusion are promising alternatives for conventional methods with several advantages. Essential oils have several biological activities in the field of pharmacological, ethnopharmacological, pesticidal, etc.
Bio-Circular Engine: Simultaneous and Successive Use of BioDiesel as Bio-Lubricant and Bio-Fuel in Diesel Engines-(B100) New Bio-Lubricant for all Engines
Authors: Bautista Sterling Cesar
Published: June 2022

The scientific literature allows us to demonstrate the characteristics of high lubricity of biodiesel (particularly B100 from palm), which as a bio-fuel, can fulfill the function of bio-lubricant (B100 = 3 Ester); even surpassing motor oils in some respects (Synthetic Base = 2 Ester). Once its characteristics have been reviewed, we can affirm that it is possible to use B100 as a Bio-Lubricant in Diesel internal combustion engines, but also in spark-ignition engines. A comparison is made between commercial synthetic esters and fatty acid methyl esters (“FAME”) designated B100. In the same context, we describe a procedure and a device designed to use B100 in diesel engines, not only as Bio-Fuel, but also as Bio-Lubricant, for both functions, successively and simultaneously, called “Bio-Circular Engine”; so: in Stage 1; biodiesel is taken from the fuel tank (B100) to the engine crankcase (previously filtered), where it will fulfill its first function as Bio-Lubricant. In Stage 2; the same B100 is conducted from the same crankcase to the fuel injection system (previously filtered and, if required, cooled) to fulfill the second function of Bio-Fuel. The “Bio-Circular Engine” is “Circular Economy”, because it uses a single substance (B100), for two different and simultaneous functions (as Bio-Fuel and as Bio-Lubricant).
Improving Soil Fertility with Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Badu Brempong Mavis , Addo-Danso Abigail
Published: June 2022

Organic fertilizers with low C:N ratios can be applied to supply both macro and micronutrients to the soil. Aside nutrient supply, they can improve soil structure, texture, water holding capacity and nutrient holding capacity. The mechanisms that may interplay to allow organic fertilizers to affect the soil and crop yields may include improved nutrient synchrony, general improvement in fertility and/or priming effects. The rate, timing and method of organic fertilizer application must be considered to reduce N and P losses during organic fertilizer application. To meet the nutrient requirement of crops, organic fertilizers must be applied in large quantities, so it is more prudent to apply locally available resources. In a case study where sole organic fertilizer, sole inorganic fertilizer and their combinations were applied under rain-fed conditions, it was observed that manure had the potential to hold nutrients longer. This is a positive finding for drought prone areas.
Autonomous Aerial Robotic System for Smart Spraying Tasks: Potentials and Limitations
Authors: Piljek Petar , Pranjić Marko , Kotarski Denis , Petanjek Tomislav
Published: June 2022

Continuous demands for growth in agricultural productivity and modern demands for the sustainable agricultural approach are bringing farmers into a new technological era. With all the limitations and risks, precision agriculture and other related technologies show great potential in solving the challenges of sustainable and more efficient agricultural production. Nowadays, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are able to perform a wide range of agricultural tasks, from data collection to smart spraying. This chapter presents the concept of a modular autonomous robotic system that, based on available technologies, materials, and system components, can be produced and applied in precision agriculture. The primary purpose of such a system, which consists of a multirotor UAV and docking station, is to save the time required to perform the task and to reduce environmental and soil pollution. Several problems have been addressed, which affect performance and energy consumption, for example, of spraying a field crop.
Annona muricata (Graviola): Nutraceutical in COVID-19
Authors: Marèse Atcham Amougou Lysiane
Published: June 2022

Plants that possess therapeutic characteristics have been used in medicine from the beginning of time. Indigenous medicine has been practiced as a preventative approach in tropical areas to combat general infections, including viral infections. The family of Annonaceae species of plants, broadly distributed in these areas, is dedicated to one such plant-based medication. Annona muricata realistically is among the most well-known of these. A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was typically identified as the reliable source of a viral pneumonia outbreak in January 2020 in Wuhan, China. Traditional medicine is reasonably believed to represent a possible opportunity in the successful fight against COVID-19. The Cameroonian response strategy has been properly implemented in outstanding community services without much practical efficiency on transmission rates. The reason for this is that people did not follow the government’s prescriptions. As a direct result, local people would knowingly employ self-prescribed herbal medications to aggressively combat the COVID-19 spread. Local health officials should take action and recognize the value of species diversity mostly in the fight against the COVID 19 pandemic, making it available to the concerned public with the support of scientific and ethno pharmacological local institutions. The potential therapeutic usage of Annona muricata as an antiviral agent to powerfully aid in the possible fight against COVID 19 has been carefully investigated in this paper.
Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Microalgae and Industrial Wastes: A Critical and Bibliometric Review
Authors: de la Lama-Calvente David , Cubero Juan , José Fernández-Rodríguez María , Jiménez-Rodríguez Antonia , Borja Rafael
Published: June 2022

Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms able to grow faster than land plants and produce biomass with relatively high energy potential. Accumulated high-value compounds like lipids, minerals, or proteins have focused the attention of scientists due to the potential production of biofuels and other value-added products. However, several drawbacks regarding both the biochemical structure of these organisms and technological difficulties have prevented the industry for implementing a comprehensive low-cost process regarding energy and environmental contamination. Among these technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) has greatly increased research attention because of its simplicity and the ability to produce easily recycle by-products. Moreover, anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) has shown promising results as a method to bypass the AD problems of microalgae as a sole substrate. This review is focused on the recent trends and comparison of the AcoD process to maximize energy recovery from microalgae biomass and agro-industrial wastes. The yield of methane gas among the studied bibliography is compared and a critical review of published data and methods used is included.
Reducing Soil Compaction from Equipment to Enhance Agricultural Sustainability
Authors: M. Boland Michael , U. Choi Young , G. Foley Daniel , S. Gobel Matthew , C. Sprague Nathan , Guevara-Ocana Santiago , A. Kuleshov Yury , M. Stwalley III Robert
Published: June 2022

The compaction of agricultural soils cannot be solved, only managed. As a compressible media, soil travel without causing some collapse of the existing structure is impossible. If left uncorrected, farmers can see up to a 50% reduction in yield from long-term compaction. This chapter will describe the effects of soil compaction on the environment, crop quality, and economic sustainability. The base causes will be examined, along with the engineering designs for vehicles that minimize the problem. The tracks versus tires debate will be thoroughly discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each system will be detailed. It will be shown that although tires represent the likely current best economic option for vehicle support, the potential of tracks to reduce compaction has been fully exploited. The advantages of four-wheel drive vehicles in reducing soil compaction will be shown, along with the mitigation potential of independently driven wheels and active soil interaction feedback loops. The design of crop production tillage equipment and tillage tool working points will be explored, along with the concept of critical tillage depth. Equipment for compaction relief will also be discussed, as will the sustainable agricultural protocols of cover crops, crop rotation, and controlled traffic farming.
Immune Response duringSaccharopolyspora rectivirgulaInduced Farmer’s Lung Disease
Authors: Elmore Jessica , August Avery
Published: June 2022

Repeated exposures to Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula in some individuals can lead to a hypersensitivity reaction where a pro-inflammatory feedback loop can occur in the interstitial space in the alveoli of the lungs that can ultimately lead to granuloma formation and fibrosis, referred to as Hypersensitivity pneumonitis or Farmer’s Lung Disease. The pathogenesis of FLD is complex and incompletely understood. S. rectivirgula induces an immune response, triggering neutrophil influx into the lung followed by lymphocyte influx of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. The cytokine IL17A has been shown to be critical for the development of S. rectivirgula induced Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. This chapter will review the immune response leading to the development of S. rectivirgula induced Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Pulsed Electric Fields as a Green Pretreatment to Enhance Mass Transfer from Grapes of Bioactive Molecules: Aromatic, Phenolic, and Nitrogen Compounds
Authors: Garde-Cerdán Teresa , P. Pérez-Álvarez Eva , Rubio-Bretón Pilar , López-Giral Noelia
Published: June 2022

The objective of this chapter was to summarize the effects of four pulsed electric field (PEF) treatments on the chemical composition of three grape varieties. To this end, Graciano, Tempranillo, and Grenache grapes were destemmed and crushed and then were treated using a PEF continuous system. Phenolic and nitrogen compounds were analyzed by HPLC and volatile compounds by GC-MS. The results showed that the influence of PEF treatments on these bioactive molecules was different depending on the grape variety and PEF treatment applied. This non-thermal technology improved Grenache aromatic composition, but Tempranillo and Graciano volatile composition was not affected by PEF. The treatment with the highest time and energy was the most effective on the total stilbene extraction, greatly increasing the content of these compounds in all grape varieties. Moreover, all PEF treatments enhanced yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) and total amino acids of Grenache grape variety, while for Graciano and Tempranillo, the PEF treatments hardly affected its nitrogen compounds content. In conclusion, from the point of view of the chemical composition and taking into account the treatments used in this study, it can be concluded that PEF is an appropriate technology to improve the quality of Grenache variety.
Extracellular Matrix in Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Kharaishvili Gvantsa
Published: June 2022

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex three-dimensional network that provides structure, strength, and contextual information for cellular growth, communication, differentiation, survival, adhesion, and migration. ECM basic proteins resist compressive forces and/or allow rapid diffusion, others strengthen the matrix, and give resilience or modulate cell-matrix interactions. ECM undergoes turnover and remodeling physiologically and during inflammation, wound repair and tumor invasion. Remodeling of the ECM is an integral component of the angiogenic process and depends on the composition of matrix molecules, soluble pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, and their spatial regulation. This review will focus on the myriad roles of those molecules and will emphasize their involvement in critical points of angiogenesis.
Ebstein’s Anomaly
Authors: Da Fonseca Da Silva Luciana , A. Devine William , Alsaied Tarek , Yeh Justin , Ivy Lin Jiuann-Huey , Da Silva Jose
Published: June 2022

Ebstein’s anomaly of the tricuspid valve is a cardiac malformation characterized by downward displacement of the septal and inferior tricuspid valve (TV) leaflets, redundant anterior leaflets with a sail-like morphology, dilation of the true right atrioventricular annulus, TV regurgitation, and dilation of the right atrium and ventricle. The wide variety of anatomic and pathophysiologic presentations of Ebstein’s anomaly has made it difficult to achieve uniform results with surgical repair, resulting in the development of many different surgical techniques for its repair. In 1993, Da Silva et al. developed a surgical technique involving cone reconstruction of the TV. This operation aims to undo most of the anatomic TV defects that occurred during embryologic development and to create a cone-like structure from all available leaflet tissue. The result mimics normal TV anatomy, which is an improvement compared to previously described procedures that result in a monocusp valve coaptation with the ventricular septum. In this chapter, we review the surgical maneuvers that we have used to obtain the best functional TV in cases with several anatomic variations of Ebstein’s anomaly. The cone procedure for reconstruction for Ebstein’s anomaly can be performed with low mortality and morbidity. This tricuspid valve repair is effective and durable for the majority of patients.
Underutilized Grasses Production: New Evolving Perspectives
Authors: Aamir Iqbal Muhammad , Khalid Sadaf , Ahmed Raees , Zubair Khan Muhammad , Rafique Nagina , Ijaz Raina , Ishaq Saira , Jamil Muhammad , Ahmad Aqeel , Shahzad Gondal Amjad , Imran Muhammad , Rahim Junaid , Ayaz Aslam Sheikh Umar
Published: June 2022

Globally, over-reliance on major food crops (wheat, rice and maize) has led to food basket’s shrinking, while climate change, environmental pollution and deteriorating soil fertility demand the cultivation of less exhaustive but nutritious grasses. Unlike neglected grasses (grass species restricted to their centres of origin and only grown at the subsistence level), many underutilized grasses (grass species whose yield or usability potential remains unrealized) are resistant and resilient to abiotic stresses and have multiple uses including food (Coix lacryma-jobi), feed (Eragrostis amabilis and Cynodon dactylon), esthetic value (Miscanthus sinensis and Imperata cylindrica), renewable energy production (Spartina pectinata and Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and contribution to ecosystem services (Saccharum spontaneum). Lack of agricultural market globalization, urbanization and prevalence of large commercial enterprises that favor major grasses trade, improved communication means that promoted specialization in favor of established crops, scant planting material of underutilized grasses and fewer research on their production technology and products development are the prime challenges posed to underutilized grasses promotion. Integration of agronomic research with novel plant protection measures and plant breeding and molecular genetics approaches for developing biotic and abiotic stresses tolerant cultivars along with the development of commercially attractive food products hold the future key for promoting underutilized grasses for supplanting food security and sustainably multiplying economic outcomes.
Hydrogeochemistry of the Pidong Crater Lake, Jos Plateau Volcanic Province, Nigeria: Constraints on Chemical Elements Sources
Authors: Cedric Bernard Longpia , Uriah Alexander Lar
Published: June 2022

The occurrence and recurrence of floating ‘mat’ vegetation around the Pidong Crater Lake and intermittent change in the color of the lake water from natural blue to brown-yellowish color call for a better understanding of the factors controlling these biological and physico-chemical changes. As a result of these changes, a hydrogeochemical monitoring regime was employed where the lake water samples were collected and analyzed on a monthly basis over a period spanning for 3 years. The hydrogeochemical results for the lake water when plotted in the piper trilinear diagram display predominantly Mg-Ca-HCO3 type with minor water types of Na-K-HCO3, Na-K-Cl and Na-K-SO4 types (≤ 20%), suggesting a derivation from water-rock interaction processes (hydrolysis). The visible dominance of the alkali earth metals (Mg2+ + Ca2+) over the alkali metals (Na+ + K+) is expected from a basaltic host rock aquifer due to the dissolution of its constituent ferromagnesian minerals and plagioclase respectively. The general depletion of LILE (Ba, Rb, Sr) (1–10 x Chondrite) and that of High Strength Elements (HSE) (Nb-Yb) (0.001 to <1 Chondrite values) suggest that these elements are from sources (basaltic rocks) highly depleted in these elements. Study of Oxygen-18 (δ 18O) and Deuterium (δ2H) study of the lake water shows that it is of meteoric origin and of relatively recent age (230 ± 30 yrs. before present). The increase in PCO2 in the lake water triggers the increase in Fe concentration (335 ppb to 429 ppb) which is manifested by the sporadic color change and increased acidity in the lake from pH 7.35 to pH < 6.71.
Oral localized amyloidosis
Authors: Ferreira Luciano Henrique , Campolina Bruna Lavarini , Oliveira Bruna Gomes dos Santos , Pedrosa Bianca Aparecida Pacheco , Grandinetti Helenice de Andrade Marigo , Capistrano Hermínia Marques
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Amyloidosis is a condition related to aggregates of proteins in several organs of the body and can be systemic or localized. Amyloidosis localized in the oral cavity is extremely rare, being the tongue the more prevalent region. Objective: The aim of this present study is to describe a case of localized amyloidosis on the tongue and surgically removed. Methods: Also, a review of English-language literature of oral loca-lized amyloidosis from 1946 to 2021 was performed. Results: A total of 52 cases of oral localized amyloidosis were found in the literature. The majority of the cases was observed in female patients (53,84%), with an average age of 55,4 years (range 9 to 90 years) and the tongue being the most common localization (49,12%). Conclusions: Amyloidosis is a rare condition with atypical sign and symptoms. The systemic involvement should be evaluated due to worse prognosis of this condition and the possibility of organs failures. There is no standard treatment for local amyloidosis, but surgical excision is indicated to reduce the functional prejudice and pain, in symptomatic cases.
Identification of Candida colliculosa in an oral ulcer of a pediatric hematological patient
Authors: Ballardin Bárbara Soldatelli , Mobile Rafael Zancan , Leal Gustavo André , Torres-Pereira Cassius Carvalho , Schussel Juliana Lucena
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Candida colliculosa is a yeast of food origin classified as Non-Albicans Candida (NAC), with its pathogenic potential confirmed, but little known. Like other opportunistic infections, diseases caused by NAC species are most commonly found in immunosuppressed patients. Objectives: The objective of this work is to report the case of a pediatric patient who developed an atypical lesion associated with Candida collicu- losa in the mouth. Case report: A 9-year-old boy under chemotherapeutic treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia developed edema in the lower lip, with a persistent crusted ulcer circumscribed by an erythematous, painless, and progressing negatively. He was using antibiotics, antifungals, antiemetics, and antihistamines. Results: It was decided to perform complementary exams for final diagnosis. Cell smears were collected for exfolia- tive cytology, direct mycological, bacterial and viral culture, and fungi investigation. No viruses and bacteria were identified. A direct mycological examination showed yeast cells without pseudohyphae and a Maldi-TOF technique confirmed the diagnosis of Candida colliculosa. Final considerations: The use of antifungal agents associated with the patient’s immunological recovery led to the complete healing of the lesion and hospital discharge. Identification of the fungal species was important not only to establish the diagnosis and most appropriate treatment but also to avoid the fungus spreading in the hospital environment.
Painted medallions from the modern-age coffin-reliquary of the Holy King Stefan of Dečani
Authors: Ženarju-Rajović Ivana
Published: June 2022

The modern-age coffin-reliquary of the Holy King Stefan of Dečani was made at Dečani Monastery in 1849. It is believed to have been made and wood-carved by the woodworker Dimitar Stanišev of Kruševo and painted by the icon-painter Anastas Konstantinović. It is shaped like a four-legged sarcophagus, gilded and ornately decorated with woodcarvings enveloping painted fields with narrative scenes and portraits of Serbian saints. Among other images, the lid features 31 circular medallions with painted busts of Serbian rulers and church dignitaries. The visual exemplars for the shaping of these painted medallions were the Stematografija by Hristifor Žefarović and his copper plates "St. Sava with the Serbian saints from the house of Nemanja" and "The Branković saints of Srem." The selection of the depicted saints and their iconography suggest that the painter was certainly familiar with the copper plates from the Rimnica and Venetian Srbljak. In addition, the artist had the iconostasis in the parekklesion of St. Demetrios, created in 1813, right in front of him, in the church. However, the lid of the Dečani coffin-reliquary features a much larger number of saints than the iconostasis and the Stematografija. And yet, the repertoire of saints on the coffin-reliquary does not include some of those shown on the iconostasis, such as Archbishop Danilo and St. Basil/Vasilije of Ostrog. The most distinctive characteristic of this selection of saints is repetition - some saints were painted twice. A noticeable effort was made to find a way to group the shown saints, so, in a few places those shown in pairs in the Stematografija appear one next to another here, too. Female saints are also grouped together, including the Holy Empress Helena, who had a special place in the visual culture of the 19th century. The coffin-reliquary of the Holy King Stefan of Dečani is a remarkable example of the symbiosis of Mijak woodcarving and so-called zographos painting of the 19th century. It has great importance for Serbian national history, the research of modern-age art in the Balkans and the phenomenology of visual culture and cults. Its study opens various questions concerning ktetorship, authorship, models, etc. Out of plethora of questions, this text focuses on the iconography of the painted medallions and its models. The coffin-reliquary of the holy king represents a rounded work of art decorated with images of holy Serbian rulers and church dignitaries, representing the most extensive gallery of this kind in 19th-century Serbian art.
The methodology and dataset of the coscience eeg-personality project – a large-scale, multi-laboratory project grounded in cooperative forking paths analysis
Authors: Paul Katharina , Short Cassie Ann , Beauducel André , Carsten Hannes Per , Härpfer Kai , Hennig Jürgen , Hewig Johannes , Hildebrandt Andrea , Kührt Corinna , Mueller Erik Malte , Munk Aisha , Osinsky Roman , Porth Elisa , Riesel Anja , Rodrigues Johannes , Scheffel Christoph , Stahl Jutta , Strobel Alexander , Wacker Jan
Published: June 2022

Despite a plethora of research, associations between individual differences in personality and electroencephalogram (EEG) parameters remain poorly understood due to concerns of low replicability and insufficiently powered data analyses due to relatively small effect sizes. The present article describes how a multi-laboratory team of EEG-personality researchers aims to alleviate this unsatisfactory status quo. In particular, the present article outlines the design and methodology of the project, provides a detailed overview of the resulting large-scale dataset that is available for use by future collaborators, and forms the basis for consistency and depth to the methodology of all resulting empirical articles. Through this article, we aim to inform researchers in the field of Personality Neuroscience of the freely available dataset. Furthermore, we assume that researchers will generally benefit from this detailed example of the implementation of cooperative forking paths analysis.
El cambio de paradigma ante la inclusión del transporte marítimo en el sistema europeo de comercio de derechos de emisión
Authors: Martín Alcalde Enrique , Morales Fusco Pau
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se aborda el análisis de las implicaciones, consecuencias y riesgos que conllevaría la inclusión del transporte marítimo en el sistema europeo de comercio de derechos de emisión, tanto a nivel ambiental como económico y operativo en los puertos europeos. Se pone el foco, en primer lugar, en aquellos puertos europeos cercanos a puertos extracomunitarios en los límites de la UE y con una componente fronteriza importante al imperar reglas del juego distintas, y, en segundo lugar, en las consecuencias que tendría sobre una posible deslocalización de las actividades portuarias en la reestructuración de las cadenas de suministro y de transporte en la UE.
Transparent conductive ZnO:Al/Cu mesh composite film and its electric heating performance
Authors: Lu Yang-Dan , Lü Jian-Guo , Yang Ru-Qi , Lu Bo-Jing , Zhu Li-Ping , Ye Zhi-Zhen ,   State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Published: June 2022

Transparent conductive films (TCFs) play an indispensable role in optoelectronic devices because of their high conductivity and high optical transmittance. In order to obtain indium-free transparent conductive films with better performance, we need to improve the conductivity, while not damaging the transmittance. Metal mesh is highly conductive but prone to oxidation and abrasion, while transparent conductive oxide (TCO) is stable but less conductive. Thus, we composite the metal mesh with the stable TCO to achieve complementary advantages. In this work, we fabricate a hexagonal Cu mesh and then cover the Cu mesh with Al-doped ZnO (AZO) film by using lithography and magnetron sputtering. The line width and length of mesh are 15 µm and 150 µm, respectively, which are not visible to the naked eye. The effect of AZO growth temperature on the properties of such AZO/Cu mesh composite film is studied and the optimal temperature is 300 ℃. By designing the mesh and optimizing the process, the transmittance (400–800 nm), sheet resistance and FoM of AZO/ Cu mesh composite film reach 86.4%, 4.9 Ω/sq and 4.73 × 10–2 Ω–1, respectively, thus possessing both transparent and conductive property. Because of its low cost, competitive optoelectronic performance and stability, the potential applications of AZO/Cu mesh composite film in transparent electronics are fantastic. When used as a transparent conductor to connect LED to 3 V DC power, the luminance of LED in series with AZO/Cu mesh composite film is lighter than that of AZO film and Cu mesh. According to the Ohmic heating effect of electric current passing through a conductor, AZO/Cu mesh composite film can be designed as electric heating film. At low voltage safe for human body, AZO/Cu mesh composite film can implement fast, uniform and stabile heat. In the cyclic electric heating test, the AZO/Cu mesh composite film can be heated rapidly to 175 ℃ all the time, showing a fast temperature response and stable cyclic performance. More importantly, the AZO is itself transparent and conductive and prevents the metal from oxidizing effectively, thus ensuring the overall performance and maintaining the electric heating response. The experimental result and simulation application show that the AZO/Cu mesh composite film has a great potential application in transparent and heating film for defogging and defrosting glass.
Michael Onfray: "Cinismo. Retrato de los filósofos llamados 'perros'"
Authors: Soto Olhabé Carlos Ignacio
Published: June 2022

Sin resumen
Use of an affinity proteomics approach for the identification of low‐abundant bacterial adhesins as applied on the Lewisb‐binding adhesin of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Larsson Thomas , Bergström Jörgen , Nilsson Carol , Karlsson Karl-Anders
Published: July 2002

Microbial attachment to host cell surfaces is considered to be the first essential step for colonization and infection. In most known cases, attachment is mediated by a specific protein–carbohydrate interaction. We have used a carbohydrate‐containing crosslinking probe to select bacterial surface adhesins for trypsin digestion, MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry and identification against genome sequence. The present paper describes this functional proteomics approach for identification of the recently cloned low‐abundant Lewisb‐binding adhesin of Helicobacter pylori. Protein identification was obtained through the enrichment of approximately 300 fmol of adhesin from solubilized cells.
Tumour necrosis factor-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase is sensitive to caspase-dependent modulation while activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or p38 MAPK is not
Authors: MOHAMED Ahmed A.A. , JUPP Orla J. , ANDERSON Helen M. , LITTLEJOHN Alison F. , VANDENABEELE Peter , MacEWAN David J.
Published: July 2002

The activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) by tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF) receptors (TNFRs) is an integral part of the cytokine's pleiotropic cellular responses. Here we report differences in the caspase sensitivity and TNFR subtype activation of members of the ERK family. Inhibition in HeLa cells of caspase function by pharmacological inhibitors or the expression of CrmA (cytokine response modifier A), a viral modifier protein, blocks TNF-induced apoptosis or caspase-dependent protein kinase Cδ and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase protein degradation. TNFR1- or TNFR2-stimulated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity was attenuated in cells in which caspase activity was inhibited either by pharmacological blockers or CrmA expression. Both TNFR1- and TNFR2-stimulated JNK activity was caspase-sensitive; however, only TNFR1 was capable of stimulating p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p38 MAPK activities. TNFR1-stimulated p42/44 MAPK and p38 MAPK activities were insensitive to pharmacological caspase inhibition or CrmA. These findings were supported when measuring TNF-induced cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation, which is a downstream target for MAPK and p38 MAPK. Profiling caspase enzymes activated by TNF in HeLa cells showed sequential caspase-8, −3, −7, −6 and −9 activation, with their inhibition characteristics suggesting a role for caspase-3 and/or caspase-6 in modulating JNK activity. Taken together these results show delineated ERK-activation pathways employed by TNFR subtypes.
Differences in visual acuity between the eyes: determination of normal limits in a clinical population
Authors: Brown Brian , Yap Maurice K. H.
Published: July 2002

We determined the difference in visual acuity between the right and left eyes of patients and also determined the maximal level of acuity expected in a group of visually normal individuals. Visual acuity was measured in the right and left eyes of 72 subjects aged from 16 to 67 years using Bailey‐Lovie type charts. The chart was read until fewer than three letters were read on a line and acuities were based on each letter correct contributing −0.02 to the overall score. For 12 of these subjects, visual acuity was measured a further four times. Average visual acuities for right and left eyes were −0.137 and −0.126logMAR, respectively. The signed visual acuity difference was normally distributed and had a standard deviation of 0.050logMAR. The mean visual acuity difference for the 12 subjects for whom the measures were repeated was 0.033logMAR (SD of the signed visual acuity difference: 0.049logMAR). We conclude that if a patient has a difference in visual acuity between the two eyes of more than 5 letters on a Bailey‐Lovie style chart, further investigation is indicated.
Hyperchromatic lenses as potential aids for the presbyope
Authors: Whitefoot Helen D. , Charman W. N.
Published: July 2002

It has been suggested that a ‘hyperchromatic’ lens which enhanced the longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) of the eye would increase its depth of focus (DOF) and hence might prove a useful aid to presbyopes who have lost their natural ability to accommodate for different distances. Experiments are described in which high‐ and low‐contrast visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity were measured as a function of object vergence using the naked eye and various levels of effective lens‐eye LCA. It was found that doubling the effective lens‐eye LCA increased total DOF in the high‐contrast acuity task by about 0.5 D, while correcting the ocular LCA reduced DOF by about 0.3 D. On the other hand, enhanced LCA led to some loss in performance in the low‐contrast acuity task and in contrast sensitivity.
Diamond-anvil uniaxial stress cell
Authors: Jones G. , Dunstan D. J.
Published: July 2002

A diamond-anvil cell, normally used for generating high hydrostatic pressure, serves as an excellent uniaxial stress cell. We demonstrate this by using a standard cell to apply up to 6 kbar uniaxial stress, nearly twice the stress previously reported in the literature, to semiconductor laser diodes. Contacting to the laser devices between the diamond anvils is shown to be feasible for various laser structures and orientations. The experimental apparatus to apply force to the diamond anvils is described. Examples are given showing the application of uniaxial stress, in both the (001) and (110) crystallographic directions, to oxide-defined broad area stripe laser and ridge wave guide laser devices. The results suggest that a diamond anvil cell specifically designed for the low forces required for uniaxial stress generation would be a valuable instrument.
Optical properties of a low energy focused ion beam apparatus for direct deposition
Authors: Nagamachi Shinji , Ueda Masahiro , Yamakage Yasuhiro , Maruno Hiromasa , Ishikawa Junzo
Published: July 2002

We designed and constructed a low energy focused ion beam apparatus for direct deposition. The optical properties of our lens system were calculated to obtain its optimum shape and arrangement for a low energy (50–100 eV) and fine focused (<1 μm) ion beams. We evaluated magnification, chromatic aberration, and spherical aberration. Using the apparatus based on our design, we deposited a focused ion beam and deduced the beam diameter from linewidth measurement of the deposited film. The diameter of 50–200 eV Au+ beams could be tuned between 0.4–7 μm corresponding to beam currents of 40 pA–10 nA. The current density was constant at about 30 mA/ cm2. At lower currents, the minimum beam diameter was limited to 0.35 μm. These experimental results agree with calculated results qualitatively, but quantitative differences exist. Assumptions, based on Ga+ ion sources, seem to cause the differences. If we adopt our measured energy dispersion (30 eV) and angular current density (10 μA/sr) and assume the virtual source size to be 0.13 μm, the measured beam diameter and current density can be reproduced by calculation. Ways to reduce beam diameter and increase current density are discussed.
Portable nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system
Authors: Rokitta Markus , Rommel Eberhard , Zimmermann Ulrich , Haase Axel
Published: July 2002

A portable nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging system has been designed for noninvasive investigations of immobile objects, e.g., living plants in their natural environment, a human finger or similar objects not exceeding a diameter of 12 mm. The NMR spectrometer is equipped with a permanent magnet, flat biplanar gradient coils, and a battery powered amplifier network with a phase-encoding unit, capable of imaging experiments on volumes of (1 cm)3 with a spatial resolution of 63 μm. The total weight of the instrument is approximately 90 kg. First applications of this system include spin-echo images of phantoms and living plants in a greenhouse.