bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic feasibility for wastewater treatment system composed of wetlands for the wastewater reuse: a case study
Authors: Waite Robson Muniz McMahon , Salgado Eduardo Gomes , Carmo Dirlane de Fátima do
Published: October 2020

Water is an asset that is becoming scarce and its reuse is an alternative to preserve it. Social and environmental feasibility motivate the adoption of reuse, but the financial factor can be limited to its use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic and financial feasibility for the investment in a domestic wastewater treatment system in which the constructed wetlands could be used aiming at the reuse for irrigation. Instruments such as the minimum attractiveness rate, discounted payback, the internal rate of return and the profitability index were used. The treatment system composed of an equalization tank, a septic tank, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, subsurface flow constructed wetland, and a maturation pond comprising 52 m², demonstrating that it is able to meet the criteria required for reuse. The organic load affluent to the system was projected to 220 mg L-1 at a flow rate of 600 L day-1 of sewage, obtaining removal efficiency above 98% for all parameters, except nitrogen and phosphorus. In the analysis of economic and financial feasibility, it was found that the internal rate of return found for the cash flow considered was 98% and the profitability index according to the present value was 3.28. It was found that the total employed would be recovered in up to two years. With the use of the system, 180 m³ of water would be saved annually, reducing the pressure on the public supply system, in addition to the sewage treatment and the scenic beauty provided by wetlands. Therefore, the system is not limited only to economic gains, but also to social and environmental gains.
The Effect of Body Mass Index on the Outcome of Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections: Six-Month Follow-up
Authors: Hashemi Masoud , Mohseni Gholam-Reza , Salehi Shahin , Koosha Ali Reza , Qoreishi Mohamad , Vedadian Payam , Hoseini Khameneh Mehdi
Published: October 2020

Obesity is a risk factor for severe, radicular, and debilitating lumbosacral pain. The use of non-surgical treatment methods in obese patients is important. Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a common procedure that helps patients with low back pain and radicular symptoms. So far, using ESI in patients with lumbar herniated discs remains to be controversial among physicians. Thus, the current study was carried out to compare the therapeutic effects of ESI's in obese and non-obese patients with spinal disc herniation. This prospective, clinical trial study was conducted among 124 patients (58=non-obese, 66=obese) with low back pain caused by a lumbar herniated disc, who referred to our Pain Clinic from 2017 to 2018. The ESI was done using the parasagittal inter-laminar approach. The severity of pain was measured by the patients’ self-report of pain and using the visual analog scale (VAS) before the treatment and two and six weeks after the treatment. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was also measured in the treatment groups. Patients were followed for 6 weeks (IRCT20131124015515N3). Overall, 58 (46.8%) patients had a BMI of 20-25 kg/m2, 38 (30.6%) had a BMI of 25-30 kg/m2, and 28 (22.6%) patients had a BMI of >30 kg/m2. The changes in the pain scores and ODI at different time periods showed no statistically significant differences in the two groups (P=0.685, P=0.995), respectively. The ESI is an effective, safe, minimally invasive, and cost-effective method that can result in pain relief and improvements in patients' function after a short period of time. Hence, we suggested that this treatment be considered for all patients with acute/chronic low back pain as well as radiculopathy.
The Association of Glomerular Filtration Rate with Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Samimagham Hamid Reza , Farshidi Hossein , Nikparvar Marzieh , Arabi Mohsen , Tamaddondar Mohammad , Ghasemzadeh Mehran , KazemiJahromi Mitra
Published: October 2020

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness and adherence to medications is vital to manage the illness. The purpose of this study was to examine the prediction of medication adherence based on personality factors in a group of individuals with type 2 diabetes in Yasuj.
Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty individuals with type 2 diabetes who visited health centers were selected for this study through convenience sampling. The participants completed the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS). The data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that among the big-five personality factors, only neuroticisms significantly predicted adherence to medications (β= -0.31, P-value< 0.003). Furthermore, the model explained only 19% of the variance in medication adherence (R2= 0.19, P-value< 0.01).
Conclusion: This study indicated that a large proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes did not adhere to their medications. This study highlighted that the personality trait of neuroticism was important in predicting medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Psoriasis: A Cross-Sectional study of Iranian Population in Yazd Province
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Ardakani Mohammad , Afkhami-Ardekani Mohammad , Taghizadeh Yazdi Mohammad Reza , Namiranian Nasim , Radmehr Farideh
Published: October 2020

Objective: Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease of the skin and the joints. Psoriatic patients sometimes suffer from vitamin D deficiency and hypocalcemia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the level of calcium and vitamin D in patients with psoriasis.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross sectional study, 110 cases of psoriasis that were referred to Shohadaye Mehrab clinic during 2015 and 110 non-psoriatic patients enrolled. Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALK) and 25- hydroxy vitamin D3 [(25OH) D3] were measured in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19. Chi square test and T-test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Among110 patients with psoriasis 74 (67.3%) were men and 36 (32.75%) were women. There was no significant difference in the serum level of calcium (P-value: 0.563), phosphorus (P-value: 0.381), PTH (P-value: 0.364) and ALK (P-value: 0.639) between two groups. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 64.5% of psoriatic patients and 60% of the controls (P-value= 0.45); However 30.9% of psoriatic and 17.3% of the controls suffered from severe hypovitaminosis D. This difference was statistically significant (Pvalue= 0.014).Conclusion: We found a significant relationship between severe hypovitaminosis D and psoriasis. This finding revealed the need for evaluation of psoriatic patients for the presence of vitamin D deficiency.
Distribution of Nutrients in Breakfast and Midmorning Snacks among Overweight or Obese Adolescents of Yazd, Iran
Authors: Karandish Majid , Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan , Hadianfard Ali Mohammad , Azhdari Maryam , Amiri Rezvan , Mirzavandi Farhang , Babaie Siavash , Tabatabaie Mahtab , Shams-Rad Shamim
Published: October 2020

Background: The important risk factors in obesity are related to unhealthy nutritional habits. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the macro- and micro-nutrients’ intake in breakfast and midmorning snacks.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 569 students (12-16 years) by the multistage cluster sampling method. The demographic data were gathered by interview. Anthropometric data and breakfast habits (breakfast frequency and time as well as nutrients’ intake at breakfast or snacks) were measured using standardized instruments by asking some questions.
Results: The results showed that the high prevalence of irregular breakfast eating (IRBE) and overweight or obesity. No significant difference was found between breakfast frequency and time according to the students’ gender or body mass index (BMI). The mean BMI had a significant increase in females; whereas, the percentage of energy from breakfast (EB%), snack (ES%), or both breakfast and snacks (EBS%) were shown no significant difference between genders. A significant increase was found in EB%, EB%, and EBS%; whereas, the daily energy intake (DEI) was lower in normal-weight students. However, other nutrients at breakfast or snacks had no significant difference. The level of higher DEI was reported in IRBE adolescents.
Conclusions: An inappropriate breakfast habit can cause irreparable consequences in adolescents. Although breakfast plays an undeniable role, other factors are also effective in one’s health. Further studies are required for more comprehensive results.
The Effect of Replacing Sodium Nitrite with Monascus Purpureus Pigment in German Sausage
Authors: Nateghi Leila , Maleki Kahaki Alireza , Zarei Fatemeh
Published: October 2020

Background: Many common cancers, such as prostate, breast, and colon, are caused by harmful substances and compounds contained in processed foods, including nitrite-treated meats. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of replacing sodium nitrite with Monascus purpureus pigment in sausage and to assess its antimicrobial, antioxidant, color, and sensory properties.
Methods: The antioxidant properties (Thiobarbiturics), microbiology tests, color (L*, a*, and b*), and their sensory evaluation were measured 30 days after production (storage in a refrigerator condition) and compared with the control sample (without Monascus purpureus pigment and with 100% nitrite). The data were analyzed using Duncan's one-way analysis of variance at 95% confidence level through Minitab 16 software.
Results: Replacement of Monascus purpureus pigment with nitrite had no significant effect on the sensory properties of treatments and caused a slight increase in the thiobarbituric index during the storage period, which was not significantly different with the control sample before its replacement up to 60%. The microbial load was increased during the storage in all treatments. The microbial load of samples in which nitrite was replaced with 0%, 40%, and 60% Monascus purpureus pigment was within the acceptable range of standard after 30 days of storage. L* index was decreased, but a* and b* indices were increased by replacing Monascus purpureus pigment with nitrite.
Conclusion: The sample containing 60% Monascus purpureus pigment was selected as a superior treatment because the antioxidant properties, microbial load, and sensory properties had no significant difference with the control sample.
Assessing the Household Food Insecurity Status and Coping Strategies in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwafunke Opeyemi Akinbule , Kindness Lovely Okekhian , Adebukola Tolulope Omidiran
Published: October 2020

Background: High prevalence of food insecurity experienced by many households in developing countries predisposes them to adopting coping strategies (CSs), some of which may put them at risk of malnutrition. This study assessed the household food insecurity status and CSs in Abeokuta.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A total of 250 households were randomly selected in all communities in Odeda Local Government Area, Abeokuta. Interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data. Household food insecurity (HFI) status and coping strategy were assessed using HFI experience scale and CS index questionnaires. The CSs were categorised as food, financial as well as both food and financial compromization. Data were reported by frequencies and percentages. Chi-square was run to determine the association among variables at P <0.05.
Results: The majority (84.4%) of respondents were food insecure, of whom 26.5%, 35.5%, and 22.4% were food insecure mildly, moderately, and severely, respectively.  Moreover, 99.6% took loan, sold sheep and goat, ate once a day, ate rice without stew, sold hen and turkey, took food loan, and reduced food quality and quantity as CS. A significant association exists between CS categories and food insecurity status (P < 0.001). In addition, access to land (P = 0.00), farm (P = 0.04), paved-road (P = 0.01), information (P = 0.04), and market (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with HFI status.
Conclusion: The prevalence of food insecurity was high and most households adopted CS that reduced both food quality and quantity and could adversely affect their nutritional status and predisposed them to multiple forms of malnutrition.
Effects of Zinc Supplementation on the Anthropometric Measurements, Leptin, Ghrelin and C-reactive protein in the Obese Adults with Increased Appetite and Baseline Zinc Deficiency: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zare Narjes , Eftekhari Mohammad Hassan , Ghaem Haleh , Dashtabi Arash
Published: October 2020

Background: Appetite is one of the main obesity-controlling factors that can be influenced by hormones, including leptin and ghrelin. This study aimed to determine the effects of zinc supplementation on the serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and anthropometrical indices in obese individuals with increased appetite and zinc deficiency.
Methods: This study was conducted among 50 individuals with body mass index > 30 kg/m2 in Shiraz, Iran in 2018. The participants were randomly allocated to the intervention that consumed one capsule containing 30 mg/day zinc (ZG) and placebo group (PG) for 3 months. Moreover, all participants were prescribed calorie-restricted diet, 500 kcal/d less than their weight maintenance requirement energy. Anthropometric indices, dietary intake, serum zinc leptin, ghrelin, and CRP were measured at the baseline and after the intervention.
Results: The ccomparison of mean changes in weight (-4.56 ± 2.47, P < 0.0001), body mass index (-1.65 ± 0.85, P < 0.0001), waist circumference (-5.54 ± 4.06, P < 0.0001), hip circumference (-3.19 ±1.91, P < 0.0001), and serum zinc (15.91 ± 5.24, P < 0.0001) showed a significant difference between groups with greater reduction in the zinc group. However, waist to hip ratio, ghrelin, and CRP showed no significant differences. A significant difference was revealed between groups in terms of the mean leptin concentration changes, in favor of the increase in leptin concentration in ZG (P = 0.003).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, three months of zinc supplementation improved some anthropometric and biochemical measures. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Cultural and Social Enigmas: Missing Pieces of Food Security
Authors: Bikesh Thapa , Suraj Bharati , . Arun GC
Published: October 2020

The growing attention in food security has suggested many approaches to develop a society free from hunger and malnutrition. Methodological approaches are mostly used to overcome the challenges of food security, but food insecurity is more than mere availability and access to food. Cultural and social dimensions and their intricacies to achieve food security are mostly missing from the literature. The culture matters, but to what extent and in what ways? The question still stands. So, ‘how different cultural and social factors shape the food plate in different communities’ has to be integrated with these approaches to understand the local food system as it has direct implications on improving food and nutritional security. This study provided a glimpse into how diversity in culture and social heritage contributes to food and nutritional security.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE REPRODUÇÃO E MODOS DE DOMINAÇÃO
Authors: Bourdieu Pierre
Published: October 2020

Este texto é a transcrição do curso do Collège de France ministrado em Göttingen, em 23 de setembro de 1993. As comunicações apresentadas após esse curso no seminário da Mission historique française na Alemanha, organizada por Patrice Veit e Olivier Christin, serviram de base a este número de Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales. Outros trabalhos apresentados nesse seminário serão publicados posteriormente, sobretudo os artigos de Alf Lüdke, Jurgen Schlumbohm, Hans Medick e outros pesquisadores do Max Planck Institutfür Geschichte, assim como um quadro global da história social na Alemanha, com contribuições de Carola Lipp e Étienne François, dentre outras. Tradução de Patrícia C. R. Reuillard (UFRGS). Revisão técnica de Igor Gastal Grill e Rodrigo da Rosa Bordignon. Originalmente publicado na Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales. V. 105, n.º 1, 1994. O comitê editorial optou por manter a normalização do original. A publicação da versão em português foi autorizada pela equipe editorial do periódico.Palavras-chave: Estratégias de reprodução. Ordem social. Família. Instituição escolar. Estado.REPRODUCTION STRATEGIES AND MODES OF DOMINATIONAbstractIn order to understand how the social order perpetuates itself, it is necessary to establish a table of reproduction strategies (biologicalinvestments, inheritance, education, economic investment, social investment, marriage alliances, symbolic investment and sociodicy)and of the system of reproduction mechanisms (labor market, inheritance laws, property rights, schools). Various examples taken from remote social contexts, such as the transmission of first names in Kabyliaand Renaissance Italy or the domestic policy of peasant families, show the profound differences between, on the one hand, societies in which the arrangements for reproduction and the reproduction strategiesthey engender are wholly based, in the objectivity of social structures, on family structures, the main if not exclusive instrument of reproduction, and must therefore be organized around educational and matrimonial strategies, and, on the other hand, societies in which these strategiescan also count on the structures of an organized state, the most important of which, from the point of view of reproduction, are those of the educational system.Keywords: Reproduction strategies. Social order. Family. Educational System. State.
Karadere Çayı Taşkını (Araklı -Trabzon)
Authors: IŞIK Fatih , BAHADIR Muhammet , ZEYBEK Halil İbrahim , ÇAĞLAK Savaş
Published: October 2020

Taşkınlar ülkemizde son yıllarda değişen iklim şartları ile birlikte daha sık yaşanan doğal afetlerdir. Taşkınlara bağlı olarak birçok can ve mal kaybı yaşanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada taşkınların çok yaşandığı Doğu Karadeniz Bölümü’nde yer alan Trabzon’a bağlı Araklı ilçesinde 18 Haziran 2019 tarihinde meydana gelen taşkının coğrafi nedenleri incelenmiştir. Oluşan taşkın, Araklı ilçesine bağlı Çamlıktepe ve Yeşilyurt mahallelerinde 10 kişinin yaşamını yitirmesine, çok sayıda meskenin de yıkılmasına sebep olmuştur. Taşkının yaşandığı Karadere Çayı Havzası’nda yaşanması muhtemel taşkınların risk analizi yapılarak taşkına duyarlı alanlar belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada sahaya yönelik afet raporları, sayısal yükseklik, meteorolojik, akım ve jeolojik verilerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak Çok Kriterli Karar Verme yönteminin bir metodu olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci kullanılmıştır. Taşkın duyarlılık analizi için mevcut yöntemlere farklı parametreler eklenerek oluşturulan üç ayrı teknik ile haritalar üretilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, Karadere Çayı’nın bazı kıyı kesimleri, Haliloğlu ve Gülbekli derelerinin birleştiği yer ve Araklı şehir merkezi taşkına en duyarlı alanlar olarak tespit edilmiştir. Haliloğlu ve Gülbekli derelerinin birleştiği saha 18 Haziran 2019’da yaşanan taşkının ana merkezini oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca sahada taşkınla birlikte yaşanan heyelan olayları da taşkının etki derecesini artırmış, çamur akıntısı oluşumuna neden olmuştur. Analiz sonuçları ve yaşananlar göstermektedir ki sahada bundan sonrada taşkın olasılığı yüksektir. Bu nedenle çalışmanın, yöneticiler ve karar vericiler tarafından muhtemel olumsuz sonuçların engellenmesi adına dikkate alınması beklenmektedir.
Humanitarianism and Religious Inequalities: Addressing a Blind Spot
Authors: Allouche Jeremy , Hoffler Harriet , Lind Jeremy
Published: October 2020

Religious identity is critically important to consider in assessing patterns of displacement and the dynamics of conflict and peace-building, as well as programmatic and policy responses to humanitarian crises. Conflicts are frequently driven by discrimination and generate massive numbers of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) as they flee from persecution and violence, whilst individuals or groups may be targeted for their identity or face insecurity during community activities. As a result, the relationship between diversity, inclusivity, and interdependence is key to developing approaches that address intersecting forms of insecurity experienced by religious minorities. This paper reviews current thinking and policy directions in understanding religious inequalities in humanitarian contexts and asks the following questions: 1) What are the implications of programming that is blind to religious inequalities? 2) How can humanitarian actors incorporate sensitivity to religious difference and persecution in their programming, and what are the challenges of doing so?
Ege Üniversitesi hastanesinde prostat kanserlerinin epidemiyolojisi ve genel sağkalım özellikleri
Authors: HAYDAROĞLU Ayfer , SARSIK KUMBARACI Banu , YALMAN Deniz , ÖZKÖK Serdar , NAZLI Oktay , SEMERCİ Bülent , APAYDIN Erdal , ALTAY Barış , TURNA Burak , ŞİMŞİR Adnan , GÖKMEN Erhan , ŞANLI Ulus , KARABULUT Bülent , ŞEN Sait , SERT Fatma , ÖMÜR Özgür , KIZILAY Fuat , KALEMCİ Serdar
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Ege Üniversitesi (EÜ) Hastanesinde 1992-2017 arası kanser tanı ve tedavisi yapılan prostat kanseri (PK) tanılı 4792 hastanın epidemiyolojik özellikleri, tedavi modaliteleri ve sağkalım özelliklerinin tanımlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: EÜ Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi tarafından toplanan PK verileri CANREG özel bilgisayar programına kaydedilmiş, DSÖ (Dünya Sağlık Örgütü) ve SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiolgy, and End Results) sistemleri temelinde gruplanarak analizler yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde Kikare, General Linear Model, Kaplan Meier sağkalım analizleri uygulanmıştır. Kaplan-Meier Sağkalım analizinde Log Rank(Mantel-Cox), Breslow(Generalized Wilcoxon) ve Tarone-Ware istatistikleri kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde p<0,05 değeri anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: PK tanılı 4792 hasta verisi analiz edilmiştir. Olgularımızda PK’ne en çok 60-69 yaş grubunda rastlanmaktadır. Histopatolojik olarak en sık “asiner adenokarsinom” görülmektedir. Evrelendirme çalışması yapılabilen PK’lerinde lokalize dönemin %61,2 oran ile en fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. PK’lerinin görülüşünde yıllara göre doğrusal bir artış dikkat çekmektedir. Mortalitede ise 2008’e kadar doğrusal artış daha sonra azalış vardır. PK olgularımızda ortanca genel sağkalım(GSK) 120 aydır, tüm olgular için 5 ve 10 yıllık GSK’lar %74,2 ve %55,2 bulunmuştur. Beş yıllık GSK oranları lokalize, lokal ileri ve metastatik evrelerde sırasıyla %86,3, %78,1 ve %21,7 saptanırken 10 yıllık GSK için sırasıyla %70, %62,7 ve %14’dür. Lokal ve lokal ileri evrelerde tedavi alanlarda sağkalımlarda anlamlı bir fark elde edilirken metastatik evrede anlamlı sonuç kaybolmaktadır.
Sonuç: EÜ Hastanesi Kanser veri tabanında bulunan 4792 PK’li bu seri tek merkez olarak Türkiye’deki en geniş PK serisidir. PK olgularımızda 5 ve 10 yıllık GSK oranları sırasıyla %74,2 ve %55,2 bulunmuştur. Evrelere göre tedavilerin GSK’lar üzerine katkıları lokal ve lokal ileri evrede anlamlı bulunurken metastatik evrede bu anlamlılık kalmamaktadır.
Ege Üniversitesi hastanesinde tiroit kanserlerinin epidemiyolojik ve genel sağ kalım özellikleri
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Murat , ÇETİNKALP Şevki , CANER Ayşe , YILDIRIM ŞİMŞİR Ilgın , ÖZGEN Gökhan , ERTAN Yeşim , ÖZBEK Süreyya , İÇÖZ Gökhan , MAKAY Özer , AKGÜN Ayşegül , ERDOĞAN Mehmet , ŞARER YÜREKLİ Banu , SAYGILI Füsun , NART Deniz , ARGON Murat , HAYDAROĞLU Ayfer
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesinde 1992-2017 yılları arasında tanı alan ve tedavisi yapılan 8.450 tiroit kanserli olgunun epidemiyolojik ve sağ kalım özelliklerini analiz etmek ve sonuçlarını literatürle karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi tarafından toplanan tiroit kanseri verileri CANREG özel bilgisayar programına kayıt edilmiş, DSÖ ve SEER sistemleri temelinde gruplanarak analizler yapılmıştır. İstatistik analizlerde Ki-kare, General Linear Model, Kaplan Meier sağ kalım analizleri uygulanmıştır. Kaplan Meier sağ kalım analizinde Log Rank (Mantel-Cox), Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon) ve Tarone-Ware istatistikleri kullanılmıştır. İstatistik analizlerde p <0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde 1992-2017 yılları arasında 1.763 erkek (%20,9), 6.687 kadın (%79,1) toplam 8450 tiroit kanseri tanılı olgu değerlendirildi. Tiroit kanserleri medyan yaşı 40-49 (%26,2) olduğu görüldü. Tiroit kanseri histolojik tiplerine bakıldığında hastaların %91,2’sinin PTK (papiller tiroit kanseri), %5,7’sinin FTK (foliküler tiroid kanseri), %2,3’ünün MTK (medüller tiroid kanseri), %0,7’sinin ise ATK (anaplastik tiroid kanseri) tanısı aldığı saptandı. En sık görülen tiroit kanser tipi olan PTK alt tipleri incelendiğinde 3.273 olguda (%43,5) klasik varyant, 1.914 olguda (%25,4) foliküler varyant, 1819 olguda (%24,2) mikrokarsinom, 439 olguda (%5,8) onkositik varyant ve 21 olguda (%0,3) tall cell varyant saptandı. Erkek cinsiyet, hem tiroit kanseri histolojik tipi hem de papiller kanser histolojik varyantları için en önemli prognostik faktör olarak belirlendi (p<0,001).
Sonuç: Tiroit kanseri insidansında tüm dünyada görülen artış verilerimizde de görülebilmektedir. Bu durum özellikle papiller tiroit kanseri için geçerlidir. Tiroit kanserinin histolojik tipi ve ayrıca papiller tiroit kanserinin varyantları sağ kalımda en önemli etmenlerdir.
Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi veri tabanında kayıtlı erişkin Hodgkin dışı lenfoma olgularının epidemiyolojik özelliklerinin retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİR Derya , ÖZSAN Nazan , DEMİR Emre , ARSLAN Ayşenur , DAVULCU Eren Arslan , AKAD SOYER Nur , DOĞANAVŞARGİL Başak , SAYDAM Güray , TÖBÜ Mahmut , HEKİMGİL Mine
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Hodgkin dışı lenfomalar (NHL), lenfoproliferatif hastalıkların da yer aldığı heterojen bir gruptur. Bu çalışmada, NHL olgularının epidemiyolojik analizlerinin yapılması, global sonuçlarla karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi veri tabanına kayıtlı, 1992-2017 yıllarında NHL tanısı alan 4.561 erişkin olgu retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Olguların %56,7’si erkek olup; ortalama yaş 56,77, ortanca yaş 59 idi. En sık %38,1 diffüz büyük B-hücreli lenfoma (DBBHL) olmak üzere sırasıyla küçük lenfositik lenfoma, marjinal zon lenfoma, folliküler lenfoma (FL) izlendi. Olguların %52,5’i nodal, %31’i ekstranodal yerleşimden tanı aldı. Matür B-hücreli neoplazmlar yıllara göre artış gösterirken, matür T-hücreli neoplazmlarda artış saptanmadı. Sınıflandırılamayan NHL olgularının ise yıllara göre azaldığı dikkatimizi çekti. Tüm yaş gruplarında erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha fazla idi (p=0,003). Olguların yaklaşık yarısı 40-64 yaş aralığındaydı. Ayrıca mantle hücreli lenfoma (MHL) hariç, diğer histolojik tiplerin en çok 40-64 yaş aralığında; MHL’nın ise en çok 65 yaş ve üstü grupta karşımıza çıktığı izlendi. Çocukluk yaş grubunda sık görülen Burkitt lenfomada ise olguların %86,2’si 18-64 yaş aralığında idi.
Sonuç: FL, Batı Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika’da daha sık görülürken, DBBHL Dünya’da daha yaygın görülmektedir. Bizim çalışmamızda da DBBHL en sık görülen NHL tipidir. FL ise Batı toplumları ile kıyaslandığında daha az karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızda NHL’ler erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha sıktır. Ayrıca yıllara göre hastalığın lokalize kalma eğiliminin arttığı ve yaş gruplarına göre de 18-39 yaş aralığında daha lokalize kalma eğiliminde iken, yaş arttıkça daha yaygın hastalık tablosu oluşturduğu dikkatimizi çekmiştir. NHL’ye ait 25 yılı kapsayan çok geniş bir serinin değerlendirildiği çalışmamız, ülkemize ait epidemiyolojik verilerin belirlenebilmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.
Ege Üniversitesi hastanesi veri tabanında kayıtlı erişkin akut lösemi olgularının epidemiyolojik ve genel sağkalım özelliklerinin retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİR Derya , VURAL Filiz , ÖZSAN Nazan , DEMİR Emre , KEKLİK Fatma , PAŞAYEV Tural , AKAD SOYER Nur , HEKİMGİL Mine , SAYDAM Güray
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Akut lösemi/lenfoma ve myeloid sarkom, hematopoietik prekürsör hücrelerden gelişen klonal neoplastik proliferasyonlardır. Bu çalışmada, olgularının epidemiyolojik analizlerinin yapılması, global sonuçlarla karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi veri tabanına kayıtlı, 1992-2017 yıllarında akut lösemi/lenfoma ve myeloid sarkom tanısı alan 2.046 erişkin olgu retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Olguların %58’i erkek olup; ortalama tanı yaşı 50,62, medyan tanı yaşı ise 52 idi. En sık (%62,5) akut myeloid lösemi (AML) izlendi. Olguların %95,8’i lösemik prezentasyon göstermekteydi. Sınıflandırılamayan lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL) olguları yıllara göre azalırken, diğer gruplarda yıllara göre lösemi tanısında artış dikkatimizi çekti. Çocukluk yaş grubunda daha sık karşımıza çıkan ALL olgularında yaş arttıkça görülme oranlarının azaldığı, hücre dizisi belirsiz akut lösemi olgularında ise yaş arttıkça görülme oranlarının da arttığı saptandı. AML ve tüm lösemi olguları ise en çok 40-64 yaş aralığında yer almaktaydı. Akut lösemi olgularında 1, 5, 10 ve 25 yıllık sağkalım sırasıyla %55,7, %29, %23 ve %15 olarak bulundu. Ayrıca sağkalım 18-39 yaş grubunda %52,3, 40-64 yaş grubunda %35,3, 65 yaş ve üstü grupta %20,9 idi.
Sonuç: Cinsiyet ve sağkalım arasında bir fark saptanmaz iken, lösemik prezentasyon gösterenlerde, tedavi almayan olgularda ve yaş arttıkça sağkalım daha kısa bulunmuş ve istatistiksel olarak da anlamlı saptanmıştır. Prognozda, histolojik tip, yaş ve tedavi bizim çalışmamızda da öne çıkan önemli parametrelerdendir.
Hedonic Treadmill Syndrome, Financial Management Behavior, dan Generasi Milenial
Authors: Rohana Wirdaniya Binti , Rochayatun Sulis
Published: October 2020

The students consumptive behavior is the impact of increased consumption and economic growth. The continued impact of consumptive behavior is hedonism. Every student needs a tool called money to make ends meet as a student and his daily needs. However, the desire and dissatisfaction of students with what they already have can cause financial problems to arise, so that every student needs an increase in financial management behavior. Descriptive qualitative method with an interpretive approach is used in this research.

This reserach aim to find out the students' hedonic treadmill syndrome and how to implement the concept of their financial management behavior considering the many cafes around UIN Malang. This study concluded that the environment affects students' hedonic treadmill syndrome. The meaning of the concept of financial management behavior by Accounting students of UIN Malang as a form of responsibility because their parents have entrusted them with pocket money. Thus, students feel they must be able to manage these funds, take them into account, distribute them properly, and use them logically.

Keywords: Hedonic Treadmill Sundrome, Financial Management Behavior, University Student
Carta ao Editor a Propósito da Carta ao Editor “Polifarmácia e Utilização de Medicação Potencialmente Inapropriada no Idoso com Idade Igual ou Superior a 75 Anos: O Caso de uma Unidade de Saúde Familiar”
Authors: Simões Pedro Augusto , Santiago Luiz Miguel , Simões José Augusto
Published: October 2020

N/a.
Listening to new voices in the career development field
Authors: Albien Anouk J. , Poulsen Bo Klindt , Toiviainen Sanna , Kekki Miika , Hooley Tristram
Published: October 2020

Not available
The last thing they need is career counselling! Critical reflections on interventions for the inclusion of marginalised people
Authors: Van Halteren Jeanine
Published: October 2020

This article examines interventions for the inclusion of marginalised people, through a presentation of the results from a small-scale exploratory study into the lives and careers of female sexworkers and survivors of modern slavery. Data (field notes, narratives and visual data) was analysed with the Listening Guide, a voice-centered relational method, and visual analysis methods. Results suggest that reaching out to the communities and enabling multiple channels for interaction can deliver meaningful support to the lives and careers of people considered marginal. Based on the results, implications for practice are further discussed, and a different approach is suggested.
Parental career-specific behaviours and adolescent career adaptability
Authors: Šimunović Mara , Šverko Iva , Babarović Toni
Published: October 2020

Parents are a major influence on adolescents’ career development. However, past studies have mostly explored general rather than career-specific parenting aspects. According to Dietrich and Kracke (2009) parental support, parental interference, and lack of parental career engagement are basic dimensions of career-specific parental behaviours. This study examined the relationship between these parental behaviours and career adaptability in a sample of high school students (N = 197; Mage = 16.79). The data were collected in a group online testing. Student career adaptability was measured with the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (Savickas & Porfeli, 2012) and parental career-specific behaviours were measured by the scale developed by Dietrich and Kracke (2009). Parental support emerged as the most important positive predictor of career adaptability since it predicted both global career adaptability and separate dimensions. Parental interference negatively predicted career control, career confidence, and overall career adaptability but only when parents’ career engagement was higher. The results point out that in understanding parental influences in students’ career development it is important to consider different parenting practices and also examine separate students’ career adaptability resources. Parents should be helped to recognise their career-related parenting practices and to understand the potential of these behaviours in facilitating their children’s career adaptability. Special counselling interventions should be provided for students who perceive that their parents are not providing enough career-related support.
The relevance of Community Interaction Theory to ‘Widening Participation’: A role for the guidance practitioner as applied psychologist and sociologist?
Authors: Reid Emily Róisín
Published: October 2020

This essay reviews research I conducted through the lens of Law’s Community Interaction Theory, and draws out its contextual relevance to widening participation in medicine. It discusses implications for practice, and suggests potential in Law’s idea for the role of guidance practitioner as both applied psychologist and sociologist.
A new index to assess meteorological drought: the Drought Exceedance Probability Index (DEPI)
Authors:   University of Seville, Spain. Doña María de Padilla Street, s/n, 41004 Seville, Spain., Limones Natalia , Pita- López María Fernanda ,   University of Seville, Spain. Doña María de Padilla Street, s/n, 41004 Seville, Spain, Camarillo-Naranjo Juan Mariano ,   University of Sevilla, SPAIN
Published: October 2020

This paper presents a new index to determine meteorological drought conditions, the Drought Exceedance Probability Index (DEPI), derived from monthly precipitation time series. Its formulation is simple and undemanding in terms of baseline information requirements. This makes the DEPI suitable for routine application to any climate, similar to the well-known Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The index is based on the calculation of cumulative rainfall anomalies and their subsequent standardization, similarly to other indices. The hallmarks of the DEPI, and its main comparative advantages, are the process of accumulating anomalies and their standardization process. The paper compares the DEPI with the SPI in several different climates across the world and in all cases the results show the complementarity of both indices. The DEPI shows an excellent ability to reflect the actual severity and duration of droughts, without requiring application on different time scales, unlike the SPI. It is also valid for all types of climates, including arid and semiarid or Mediterranean, for which the literature has shown that using the SPI is problematic.
Development of In Vitro Corneal Models: Opportunity for Pharmacological Testing
Authors: Citi Valentina , Piragine Eugenia , Brogi Simone , Ottino Sara , Calderone Vincenzo
Published: October 2020

Human eye is a specialized organ with complex anatomy and physiology, because it is characterized by different cell types with specific physiological functions. Given the complexity of the eye, ocular tissues are finely organized and orchestrated. In the last few years many in vitro models have been developed, in order to meet the 3Rs principle (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) for eye toxicity testing. This procedure is highly necessary to ensure that the risks associated with ophthalmic products meet appropriate safety criteria. In vitro preclinical testing is now a well-established practice of significant importance for evaluating the efficacy and safety of cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical products. Along with in vitro testing, also computational procedures, herein described, for evaluating the pharmacological profile of potential ocular drug candidates including their toxicity, are in rapid expansion. In this review the ocular cell types and functionality are described providing an overview about the scientific challenge for the development of three-dimensional in vitro models.
Obesity and COVID-19 Infection Severity: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications
Authors: Fayssoil Abdallah , De Carne De Carnavalet Marie Charlotte , Mansencal Nicolas , Lofaso Frédéric , Davido Benjamin
Published: October 2020

Obesity is a significant public health concern with higher morbidity. Obesity patients are at risk of severe COVID-19 infection and obesity is a higher risk factor for intensive Care Unit admission in COVID-19 infection. Obesity status affects lung volumes, cardiac structure and hemodynamics. Obesity is associated with a low inflammation state, endothelial dysfunction, hyperinsulinaemia and metabolic disorders. The authors review cardio-respiratory pathophysiological aspects involved in obesity and propose clinical management in obese patients infected by COVD-19.
Optimal Synthesis and Mechanistic Performance of HCO-Doped-(Fe3O4)x Adsorbent for Sb(III)/Sb(V) Removal From Water
Authors: Deng Renjian , Zhang Jun , Hu Xiaoliang , Zhu Chuanqu , Xie Fubing , YASEEN Mohammed , Hursthouse Andrew , Zeng Xing
Published: October 2020

Concern over potential antimony mediated toxicity from mining and smelting activities has instigated novel concepts toward removing aqueous antimony ions. The iron based adsorbent Fe3O4/HCO was found to be efficient for treating antimony-containing wastewater However, ineffective methodology for preparation limited its effective adsorption capacity and thus wider application. In this study, a new type of HCO-doped-(Fe3O4)x adsorbent was prepared by co-precipitation method for doping Fe3O4 into HCO sludge (HCO), thereby improving adsorption performance for Sb(III) and Sb(V) ions, with the maximum adsorbing capacity being 44.46 mg/g and 47.91 mg/g, respectively. According to the results of BET, SEM-EDS, XRD and XPS, it were confirmed that the FeOOH and X≡Fe-OH were formed during the preparation process, bring about the increased the surface area, thus resulting in further increase of surface area, hydroxyl groups and the net negative ionic charge. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicated that adsorption process of Sb(III)/Sb(V) by HCO-doped-(Fe3O4)x adsorbent was controlled by chemical reaction. The main adsorption mechanism is that antimony ion and amorphous iron oxide X≡Fe-OH undergo coordination exchange reaction and complexation reaction with CeO2 or Ce2O3. Furthermore, HCO-doped-(Fe3O4)x could adapt to wide pH and had stable adsorption ability after regeneration. The good adsorption performance of HCO-doped-(Fe3O4)x makes it a potential applications of adsorbent for removal of antimony.
Research on the International Roughness Index Threshold of Road Rehabilitation in Metropolitan Areas: A Case Study in Taipei City
Authors: Chen Shong-Loong , Lin Chih-Hsien , Tang Chao-Wei , Chu Liang-Pin , Cheng and Chiu-Kuei
Published: October 2020

The International Roughness Index (IRI) is the standard scale for evaluating road roughness in many countries in the world. The Taipei City government actively promotes a Road Smoothing Project and plans to complete the rehabilitation of the main and minor roads within its jurisdiction. This study aims to detect the road surface roughness in Taipei City and recommend appropriate IRI thresholds for road rehabilitation. A total of 171 asphalt concrete pavement sections in Taipei City with a total length of 803.49 km were analyzed and compared by IRI. The longitudinal profile of the detected road sections was measured using an inertial profiler. The statistical analysis showed that the IRI value prior to road leveling was mainly distributed between 5 and 8 m/km, while the IRI value after road leveling was mainly distributed between 3 and 4.5 m/km. This confirms that the implementation of the Road Smoothing Project has a significant effect on improving road smoothness. Moreover, based on the analysis results, it is recommended that the IRI threshold value for road rehabilitation in Taipei City be set at 4.50 m/km.
Looking Back at the Early Times of Redox Biology
Authors: Flohe Leopold
Published: October 2020

The beginnings of redox biology are recalled with special emphasis on formation, metabolism and function of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in mammalian systems. The review covers the early history of heme peroxidases and the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide, the discovery of selenium as integral part of glutathione peroxidases, which expanded the scope of the field to other hydroperoxides including lipid hydroperoxide, the discovery of superoxide dismutases and superoxide radicals in biological systems and their role in host defense, tissue damage, metabolic regulation and signaling, the identification of the endothelial-derived relaxing factor as the nitrogen monoxide radical and its physiological and pathological implications. The article highlights the perception of hydrogen peroxide and other hydroperoxides as signaling molecules, which marks the beginning of the flourishing fields of redox regulation and redox signaling. Final comments describe the development of the redox language. In the 18th and 19th century, it was highly individualized and hard to translate into modern terminology. In the 20th century, the redox language co-developed with the chemical terminology and became clearer. More recently, the introduction and inflationary use of poorly defined terms has unfortunately impaired the understanding of redox events in biological systems.
Sophisticated Cropping Patterns Mapping in Kenya Using Vegetation Indices and Phenology from Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1 Radar Backscatter Data
Authors: Aduvukha Grace , Abdel-Rahman Elfatih , Sichangi Arthur , Makokha Godfrey , Landmann Tobias , Mudereri Bester , Tonnang Henri , Dubois Thomas
Published: October 2020

The proportion of area under various crops at a given point in time, known as a cropping pattern, plays an essential role in determining the level of agricultural production. In this study, cropping patterns of three sub-counties in Murang’a County, a typical African smallholder farming area in Kenya, were mapped. Specifically, we compared the performance of eight classification scenarios for mapping cropping patterns; namely using (i) only Sentinel-2 reflectance bands (S2), (ii) S2 and S2 derived vegetation indices (VIs); (iii) S2 and S2 vegetation phenology (VP); (iv) S2 and Sentinel-1 radar backscatter data (S1); (v) S2, VIs, and S1; (vi) S2, VP, and S1; (vii) S2, VIs and VP, and (viii) S2, VIs, VP and S1. Reference data of the dominant cropping patterns and non-croplands were collected. The guided regularized random forest (GRRF) algorithm was used to select the optimum variables and to perform the respective classification for each scenario. The most accurate result of the overall accuracy of 93.16% was attained from the scenario (viii) S2, VIs, VP, and S1. The McNemar’s test of significance did not show significant differences (p≤0.05) among the tested scenarios. Our study demonstrated the strength of GRRF and the synergetic advantage of S2 and S1 derivatives to map cropping patterns in a heterogeneous landscape where high resolution imagery are inaccessible. Our cropping pattern mapping approach can be used in other sites of relatively similar agro-ecological conditions.
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Global Prediction Using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Method of ANN Trained with Grey Wolf Optimizer
Authors: Ardabili Sina , Mosavi Amir , Band Shahab S. , Varkonyi-Koczy Annamaria R.
Published: October 2020

An accurate outbreak prediction of COVID-19 can successfully help to get insight into the spread and consequences of infectious diseases. Recently, machine learning (ML) based prediction models have been successfully employed for the prediction of the disease outbreak. The present study aimed to engage an artificial neural network-integrated by grey wolf optimizer for COVID-19 outbreak predictions by employing the Global dataset. Training and testing processes have been performed by time-series data related to January 22 to September 15, 2020 and validation has been performed by time-series data related to September 16 to October 15, 2020. Results have been evaluated by employing mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and correlation coefficient (r) values. ANN-GWO provided a MAPE of 6.23, 13.15 and 11.4% for training, testing and validating phases, respectively. According to the results, the developed model could successfully cope with the prediction task.