bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Updating Old English Dative–Genitives: A Diachronic Construction Grammar Account
Authors: Vázquez-González Juan G.
Published: June 2024

This article conducts a corpus linguistics analysis of the dative–genitive subconstruction within the broader context of Old English double object complementation. The ditransitive construction in Old English has traditionally been perceived as a network of alternating subconstructions, including dat-acc, acc-dat, acc-gen, dat-gen, and acc-acc, as the most productive variants. Recent literature has primarily focused on dat-accs and acc-dats because they are the most productive patterns across the history of English, giving also rise to the current ditransitive construction. However, the less productive case frames have received considerably less recent attention. This work, part of an ongoing investigation aimed at creating an OE dat-gen database, builds upon Visser’s list, verified and implemented by findings obtained from a search conducted in the Dictionary of Old English Web Corpus. We obtain 88 verb types and 443 tokens, incorporating 19 new verb types and 260 tokens into the database. More significantly, we offer a detailed description of the conceptual domains and verb classes associated with OE dat-gens, which display a semantics characterized by the presence or absence of actual transfer, as well as transitions from literal to metaphorical transfer, with speech verbs playing a significant role.
Microhardness and Tensile Strength Analysis of SS316L/CuCrZr Interface by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Jin Xiang , Hoo Zhiong Sheng , Jin Chuanjie , Xiao Zhongmin , Yao Liming
Published: June 2024

Metallic joints within tokamak devices necessitate high interface hardness and superior bonding properties. However, conventional manufacturing techniques, specifically the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) diffusion joining process, encounter challenges, including the degradation of the SS316L/CuCrZr interface and CuCrZr hardness. To address this, we explore the potential of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology. To assess its viability, we fabricated 54 SS316L/CuCrZr samples and systematically investigated the impact of varied process parameters on the microhardness and tensile strength of the dissimilar metal interfaces. Through comprehensive analysis, integrating scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imagery, we elucidated the mechanisms underlying mechanical property alterations. Notably, within a laser volumetric energy density range of 60 J/mm3 to 90 J/mm3, we achieved elevated interface hardness (around 150 HV) and commendable bonding quality. Comparative analysis against traditional methods revealed a substantial enhancement of 30% to 40% in interface hardness with additive manufacturing, effectively mitigating CuCrZr hardness degradation.
The Effects of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Electron Beam-Melted (EBM) Ti–6Al–4V Alloy and Its Susceptibility to Hydrogen
Authors: Lulu-Bitton Noa , Navi Nissim U. , Haroush Shlomo , Sabatani Eyal , Kostirya Natalie , Tiferet Eitan , Ganor Yaron I. , Omesi Ofer , Agronov Gennadi , Eliaz Noam
Published: June 2024

The effects of the secondary processes of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) at 920 °C and Heat Treatment (HT) at 1000 °C of Electron Beam-Melted (EBM) Ti–6Al–4V alloy on the microstructure and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) after electrochemical hydrogen charging (EC) were investigated. Comprehensive characterization, including microstructural analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal desorption analysis, and mechanical testing, was conducted. After HIP, the β-phase morphology changed from discontinuous Widmanstätten to a more continuous structure, 10 times and ~1.5 times larger in length and width, respectively. Following HT, the β-phase morphology changed to a continuous “web-like” structure, ~4.5 times larger in width. Despite similar mechanical behavior in their non-hydrogenated state, the post-treated alloys exhibit increased susceptibility to HE due to enhanced hydrogen penetration into the bulk. It is shown that hydrogen content in the samples’ bulk is inversely dependent on surface hydride content. It is therefore concluded that the formed hydride surface layer is crucial for inhibiting further hydrogen penetration and adsorption into the bulk and thus for reducing HE susceptibility. The lack of a hydride surface layer in the samples subject to HIP and HT highlights the importance of choosing secondary treatment process parameters that will not increase the continuous β-phase morphology of EBM Ti–6Al–4V alloys in applications that involve electrochemical hydrogen environments.
Additively-Manufactured Broadband Metamaterial-Based Luneburg Lens for Flexible Beam Scanning
Authors: Li Xuanjing , Feng Rui , Tan Quilin , Yi Jianjia , Wang Shixiong , He Feng , Burokur Shah Nawaz
Published: June 2024

Multi-beam microwave antennas have attracted enormous attention owing to their wide range of applications in communication systems. Here, we propose a broadband metamaterial-based multi-beam Luneburg lens-antenna with low polarization sensitivity. The lens is constructed from additively manufactured spherical layers, where the effective permittivity of the constituting elements is obtained by adjusting the ratio of dielectric material to air. Flexible microstrip patch antennas operating at different frequencies are used as primary feeds illuminating the lens to validate the radiation features of the lens-antenna system. The proposed Luneburg lens-antenna achieves ±72° beam scanning angle over a broad frequency range spanning from 2 GHz to 8 GHz and presents a gain between 15.3 dBi and 22 dBi, suggesting potential applications in microwave- and millimeter-wave mobile communications, radar detection and remote sensing.
Inhomogeneous Strain Behaviors of the High Strength Pipeline Girth Weld under Longitudinal Loading
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Ma Yan , Liu Shuo , Su Lihong , Fletcher Leigh , Li Huijun , Wang Baosen , Zhu Hongtao
Published: June 2024

Unforeseen failures in girth welds present a significant challenge for the pipeline industry. This study utilizes 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) assisted cross-weld tensile testing to analyze the strain response of high-strength thick-walled pipelines, providing essential insights into the strain migration and fracture mechanisms specific to girth welds. The results reveal that the welding process significantly affects the mechanical distribution within the girth weld. The tested Shielded Metal Arc Welded (SMAW-ed) pipe exhibited undermatched girth welds due to high heat input, while Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) introduced a narrower weld and Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ) with higher hardness than the base metal, indicative of overmatched girth welds. Strain migration, resulting from a combination of metallurgical heterogeneous materials and geometrical reinforcement strengthening, progressed from the softer HAZ to the base metal in the SMAW-ed sample with reinforcement, ultimately leading to fracture in the base metal. In contrast, the GMAW-ed sample shows no strain migration. Reinforcement significantly improves the tensile strength of girth welds and effectively prevents failure in the weld region. Sufficient reinforcement is crucial for minimizing the risk of failure in critical areas such as the weld metal and HAZ, particularly in SMAW-ed pipes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonamide-Containing Naphthalimides as Fluorescent Probes
Authors: Liu Zhi-Wei , Liu Fan , Shao Chun-Tao , Yan Guo-Ping , Wu Jiang-Yu
Published: June 2024

A tumor-targeting fluorescent probe has attracted increasing interest in fluorescent imaging for the noninvasive detection of cancers in recent years. Sulfonamide-containing naphthalimide derivatives (SN-2NI, SD-NI) were synthesized by the incorporation of N-butyl-4-ethyldiamino-1,8-naphthalene imide (NI) into sulfonamide (SN) and sulfadiazine (SD) as the tumor-targeting groups, respectively. These derivatives were further characterized by mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV), and a fluorescence assay. In vitro properties, including cell cytotoxicity and the cell uptake of tumor cells, were also evaluated. Sulfonamide-containing naphthalimide derivatives possessed low cell cytotoxicity to B16F10 melanoma cells. Moreover, SN-2NI and SD-NI can be taken up highly by B16F10 cells and then achieve good green fluorescent images in B16F10 cells. Therefore, sulfonamide-containing naphthalimide derivatives can be considered to be the potential probes used to target fluorescent imaging in tumors.
A Meta-Analysis Review: Nanoparticles as a Gateway to Optimized Boiling Surfaces
Authors: Motta Giulia , Sergis Antonis
Published: June 2024

Pool boiling is essential in many industrial manufacturing applications. In addition, it can become critical in the journey towards improving energy generation efficiency and accomplishing the goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 via new or traditional power generation applications. The effectiveness of boiling is governed by the bubble cycle. The chemistry and topographical features of the surface being heated have been found to highly impact the boiling performance, such as in the case of pool boiling enhancement when employing hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces via nano/micro heater surface modification. Nevertheless, it is questionable how feasible it is to create these surfaces for large-scale applications due to their manufacturing and maintenance cost and complexity. The current work assesses whether the use of nanoparticles in traditional coolants could potentially unlock the mass production of optimised heating surface modification through a metadata literature review analysis. It was discovered that self-assembled layers created as a result of the deposition of nanoparticles in coolants undergoing pool boiling seem to behave most similarly to manufactured hydrophilic surfaces. The creation of enhanced patterned-heat transfer surfaces is shown to be possible via the use of a combination of different nanoparticle suspensions in coolants.
Role of Arthrospira Platensis in Preventing and Treating High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia in Adult Rats
Authors: Cacciola Nunzio Antonio , De Cicco Paola , Milanović Maja , Milovanović Ivan , Mišan Aleksandra , Kojić Danijela , Simeunović Jelica , Blagojević Dajana , Popović Tamara , Arsić Aleksandra , Pilija Vladimir , Mandić Anamarija , Borrelli Francesca , Milić Nataša
Published: June 2024

Hyperlipidaemia is a recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In this study, the antihyperlipidaemic properties of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis, strain S2 from Serbia) were tested in adult Wistar rats before and after induction of hypercholesterolaemia by a high-fat diet (HFD) to compare the preventive with the curative effect. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels were measured in the blood samples. The chemical composition (lipids, proteins and cholesterol) and the content of bile acids in the faeces of the animals were also analysed. Feeding rats with an atherogenic diet for 10 weeks led to the successful development of hyperlipidaemia, as serum TC and LDL-C levels as well as lipids, cholesterol and bile acids in the animals’ faeces were significantly increased. Pre- and post-treatment with spirulina led to a reduction in serum LDL, TC and ALT levels. Administration of spirulina resulted in both a significant increase in primary bile acids excretion and a decrease in bile acids metabolism, with pre-treatment being more effective than post-treatment in some cases. These results suggest that increased excretion of bile acids as well as an effect on the gut microbiota may be the mechanism responsible for the anti-hyperlipidaemic activity of the tested spirulina strain.
Morphofunctional Assessment beyond Malnutrition: Fat Mass Assessment in Adult Patients with Phenylketonuria—Systematic Review
Authors: Luengo-Pérez Luis M. , Fernández-Bueso Mercedes , Guzmán-Carmona Carlos , López-Navia Ana , García-Lobato Claudia
Published: June 2024

Morphofunctional assessment was developed to evaluate disease-related malnutrition. However, it can also be used to assess cardiometabolic risk, as excess adiposity increases this risk. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most prevalent inherited metabolic disease among adults, and obesity in PKU has recently gained interest, although fat mass correlates better with cardiometabolic risk than body mass index. In this systematic review, the objective was to assess whether adult patients with PKU have higher fat mass than healthy controls. Studies of adult PKU patients undergoing dietary treatment in a metabolic clinic reporting fat mass were included. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched. Relevance of articles, data collection, and risk of bias were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Ten articles were evaluated, six with a control group, including 310 subjects with PKU, 62 with mild hyperphenylalaninemia, and 157 controls. One study reported a significant and four a tendency towards an increased fat mass in all patients or only females with PKU. Limitations included not having a healthy control group, not reporting sex-specific results and using different techniques to assess fat mass. Evaluation of fat mass should be included in the morphofunctional assessment of cardiometabolic risk in adult patients with PKU.
Pollinator Diversity and Phenological Interplay: Exploring Mineral, Hormonal, Sugar, and Vitamin Contents in Vitis vinifera L. cv Bozcaada Çavuşu
Authors: Kaya Ozkan , Delavar Hava , Ates Fadime , Sahin Muge , Keskin Nurhan , Yilmaz Turhan , Turan Metin , Hatterman-Valenti Harlene
Published: June 2024

Unraveling the intricate physiological and biochemical intricacies associated with female dominance in grape berries across diverse developmental stages is imperative for optimizing grape production and ensuring the attainment of high-quality yields. This study conducted a thorough analysis of grape berries across phenological stages (BBCH-79, BBCH-81, BBCH-89) and cultivars. At BBCH-89, Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki demonstrated the highest berry weight and total soluble solids (TSS) levels, emphasizing its enological potential. Acidity peaked at BBCH-79 (28.16) and declined at BBCH-89 (6.11), signaling a shift towards lower acidity in later stages. Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki consistently showed the highest maturity index (MI). Mineral content variations were observed across nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), boron (B), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), with Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki often having the highest concentrations, particularly in potassium, calcium, and boron. Hormonal analysis revealed a significant surge in concentrations at BBCH-89, with Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki standing out. Notably, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations increased by 106%, and abscisic acid (ABA) levels peaked at BBCH-79 with a 38% increase in Bozcaada Çavuşu*Kuntra. Sugar content analysis showed variations in fructose, glucose, sucrose, rhamnose, xylose, galactose, and arabinose levels across sampling times and cultivars. Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki consistently exhibited higher sugar levels, especially at BBCH-81 and BBCH-89. Vitamin concentrations varied temporally and among cultivars, with BBCH-89 displaying the highest vitamin A concentration (6.24 mg/100 g FW), and Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki often exhibiting maximum values for vitamin B1, B2, B6, and C. Further research and targeted cultivation practices focusing on the unique attributes of Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki could enhance grape production efficiency, emphasizing its potential contribution to achieving consistently high-quality yields across various phenological stages.
Phloroglucinol-Based Carbon Quantum Dots/Polyurethane Composite Films: How Structure of Carbon Quantum Dots Affects Antibacterial and Antibiofouling Efficiency of Composite Films
Authors: Marković Zoran M. , Milivojević Dušan D. , Kovač Janez , Todorović Marković Biljana M.
Published: June 2024

Nowadays, bacteria resistance to many antibiotics is a huge problem, especially in clinics and other parts of the healthcare system. This critical health issue requires a dynamic approach to produce new types of antibacterial coatings to combat various pathogen microbes. In this research, we prepared a new type of carbon quantum dots based on phloroglucinol using the bottom-up method. Polyurethane composite films were produced using the swell–encapsulation–shrink method. Detailed electrostatic force and viscoelastic microscopy of carbon quantum dots revealed inhomogeneous structure characterized by electron-rich/soft and electron-poor/hard regions. The uncommon photoluminescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots core had a multipeak structure. Several tests confirmed that carbon quantum dots and composite films produced singlet oxygen. Antibacterial and antibiofouling efficiency of composite films was tested on eight bacteria strains and three bacteria biofilms.
Activated Carbon Based on Recycled Epoxy Boards and Their Adsorption toward Methyl Orange
Authors: Zhu Wenfeng , He Jiacheng , Wang Qianxi , Zhang Dongna , Qi Guoquan , Cai Xuehua , Li Peipei , Zhang Jiaoxia
Published: June 2024

With the swift progress of the electronics industry, discarded circuit boards have become an important source of non-degradable waste. In this work, discarded epoxy resin was collected as a precursor to prepare activated carbon (AC) through stepwise carbonization/activation methods. The rough carbon materials with a certain graphite and amorphous structure reveal the multiple oxygen-containing groups on their surface. In the process of studying the adsorption of methyl orange by activated carbon, it is found that the adsorption is in accordance with the quasi-secondary kinetic model, and equilibrium adsorption amounts can reach 41.051 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm of AC is more in line with the Langmuir model, and the saturation adsorption amount at three different temperatures is 23.137 mg/g, 30.358 mg/g, and 37.202 mg/g, respectively. The enthalpy (ΔH) is 17.30 KJ/mol in the adsorption process, which indicates that is a physical process with heat-absorbing capabilities. This work is of great significance with regard to the recycling of waste to reduce pollution and in terms of gaining economic benefits.
A Comparison of Laboratory and Industrial Processes Reveals the Effect of Dwell Time and UV Pre-Exposure on the Behavior of Two Polymers in a Disintegration Trial
Authors: Schick Simon , Groten Robert , Weinberger Andreas , Seide Gunnar H.
Published: June 2024

Biodegradable biopolymers such as polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate are sustainable alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. However, the factors affecting their degradation must be characterized in detail to enable successful utilization. Here we compared the extruder dwell time at three different melt-spinning scales and its influence on the degradation of both polymers. The melt temperature was the same for all three processes, but the shear stress and dwell time were key differences, with the latter being the easiest to measure. Accelerated degradation tests, including quick weathering and disintegration, were used to evaluate the influence of dwell time on the structural, mechanical, and thermal properties of the resulting fibers. We found that longer dwell times accelerated degradation. Quick weathering by UV pre-exposure before the disintegration trial, however, had a more significant effect than dwell time, indicating that degradation studies with virgin material in a laboratory-scale setting only show the theoretical behavior of a product in the laboratory. A weathered fiber from an industrial-scale spinning line more accurately predicts the behavior of a product placed on the market before ending up in the environment. This highlights the importance of optimizing process parameters such as the dwell time to adapt the degradability of biopolymers for specific applications and environmental requirements. By gaining a deeper insight into the relationship between manufacturing processes and fiber degradability, products can be adapted to meet suitable performance criteria for different applications.
Detection and Type Recognition of SAR Artificial Modulation Targets Based on Multi-Scale Amplitude-Phase Features
Authors: Meng Weize , Cai Zhihao , Fang Fuping , Feng Dejun , Wang Jinrong , Xing Shiqi , Quan Sinong
Published: June 2024

With respect to the detection and recognition of an Artificial Modulation Target (AMT) with different modulated types, the state-of-the-art methods generally suffer the deficiencies of overfitting and insufficient generalization of existing neural network solutions. To address these problems, this paper proposes a multi-scale amplitude-phase feature discrimination method for AMTs in SAR images. First, a multi-type modulated AMT Dataset is generated (AMT Detection and Modulation Type Recognition Dataset, ADMTR Dataset), wherein the factors of jamming position, jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR), and the modulated parameter are considered to enhance the generalization. Second, a Multi-Input Multi-Output Fusion Wavelet Neural Network (MIMOFWTNN) is established, which not only uses the amplitude information of the scene but also adequately makes use of the phase and high-frequency information. This empowers us to detect the AMT in a higher dimensional feature space such that the type recognition can be implemented with more certainty. Analysis and discussions conducted on comparison experiments and ablation experiments demonstrate that the proposed network can achieve an average accuracy of 96.96% on the cross-validation set and a correct rate of 99.0% on the completely independent test set, which outperforms the compared methods.
Semi-Tightly Coupled Robust Model for GNSS/UWB/INS Integrated Positioning in Challenging Environments
Authors: Sun Zhihan , Gao Wang , Tao Xianlu , Pan Shuguo , Wu Pengbo , Huang Hong
Published: June 2024

Currently, the integration of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Ultra-Wideband (UWB), and Inertial Navigation System (INS) has become a reliable positioning method for outdoor dynamic vehicular and airborne applications, enabling high-precision and continuous positioning in complex environments. However, environmental interference and limitations of single positioning sources pose challenges. Especially in areas with limited access to satellites and UWB base stations, loosely coupled frameworks for GNSS/INS and UWB/INS are insufficient to support robust estimation. Furthermore, within a tightly coupled framework, parameter estimations from different sources can interfere with each other, and errors in computation can easily contaminate the entire positioning estimator. To balance robustness and stability in integrated positioning, this paper proposes a comprehensive quality control method. This method is based on the semi-tightly coupled concept, utilizing the INS position information and considering the dilution of precision (DOP) skillfully to achieve complementary advantages in GNSS/UWB/INS integrated positioning. In this research, reliable position and variance information obtained by INS are utilized to provide a priori references for a robust estimation of the original data from GNSS and UWB, achieving finer robustness without increasing system coupling, which fully demonstrates the advantages of semi-tight integration. Based on self-collected data, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed quality control strategy are validated under severely occluded environments. The experimental results demonstrate that the semi-tightly coupled robust estimation method proposed in this paper is capable of accurately identifying gross errors in GNSS and UWB observation data, and it has a significant effect on improving positioning accuracy and smoothing trajectories. Additionally, based on the judgment of the DOP, this method can ensure the output of continuous and reliable positioning results in complex and variable environments. Verified by actual data, under the conditions of severe sky occlusion and NLOS (Non-Line-of-Sight), compared with the loosely coupled GNSS/INS, the positioning accuracy in the E, N, U directions of the semi-tight coupled GNSS/INS proposed in this paper has improved by 37%, 46%, and 28%. Compared with the loosely coupled UWB/INS, the accuracy in the E and N directions of the semi-tight coupled UWB/INS has improved by 60% and 34%. In such environments, GNSS employs the RTD (Real-Time Differential) algorithm, UWB utilizes the two-dimensional plane-positioning algorithm, and the positioning accuracy of the semi-tight coupled robust model of GNSS/UWB/INS in the E, N, U directions is 0.42 m, 0.55 m, and 3.20 m respectively.
The Largest Geodetic Coseismic Assessment of the 2020 Mw = 6.4 Petrinja Earthquake
Authors: Pavasović Marko , Babić Drago , Banko Antonio , Timár Gábor
Published: June 2024

On 28 December 2020, the area of the city of Petrinja was hit by two strong earthquakes of magnitudes 5.0 and 4.7 on the Richter scale, and the following day, 29 December 2020, the same area was hit by an even stronger earthquake of magnitude 6.2. It was one of the two strongest instrumentally recorded earthquakes that hit the territory of the Republic of Croatia in the last hundred years, and the strongest earthquake in the Banovina area after the great earthquake in 1909. Increased seismic activity in this area is caused by two vertical strike–slip faults, Pokupski and Petrinjski. This article aims to determine the displacements of the Earth’s crust caused by seismic activity in this area using GNSS measurements and InSAR techniques and comparing their results. Our study showed that horizontal coseismic displacements of 20 cm and more were limited to a radius of 20 km from the epicenter, with a maximum displacement of around half a meter. Considering the original plate tectonic movements of the region and the time elapsed since the previous earthquake of similar magnitude, the geodynamic movements of the Dinarides area are in substantial part sudden displacements associated with earthquakes.
Driving Factors and Trade-Offs/Synergies Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Changes of Multiple Ecosystem Services in the Han River Basin, China
Authors: Han Peidong , Yang Guang , Wang Zijun , Liu Yangyang , Chen Xu , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhixin , Wen Zhongming , Shi Haijing , Lin Ziqi , Ren Hanyu
Published: June 2024

Uncovering the trade-offs and synergy relationship of multiple ecosystem services (ESs) is important for scientific ecosystem management and the improvement of ecological service functions. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal changes of four typical ES types (i.e., water yield (WY), carbon storage (CS), soil conservation (SC), and habitat quality (HQ)) from 2001 to 2020 in the Han River Basin (HRB). Meanwhile, the trade-offs and synergies between paired ESs and the socioecological drivers of these ESs were further explored. The results showed that grassland, cropland, and bare land decreased by 12,141.3 km2, 624.09 km2, and 22.1 km2 during the study period, respectively, which can be attributed to their conversion to forests in the HRB. Temporally, the WY, CS, and SC all showed a continuously increasing trend. Spatially, WY and HQ exhibited bipolar clustering characteristics, with WY exhibiting low-value clustering in the upstream and high-value clustering in the downstream, while CS showed the clustering characteristics of a scattered distribution of cold and hot spots from 2001 to 2020. The spatial patterns of aggregation locations in CS and HQ were relatively similar, with clusters of higher ES values mainly distributed in the western and central regions and clusters of lower ES values mainly located in the eastern and southeastern regions, while the aggregation of WY was spatially concentrated. Overall, the CS showed a significant positive correlation with HQ, but a significant negative correlation with WY. Spatially, WY and HQ, CS, and SC showed a substantial trade-off relationship in the northwest and southeast parts of the study area, while HQ, CS, and SC mainly exhibited a synergistic relationship in most parts of the study area. Slope and temperature had high influencing factor coefficients on multiple ESs; the mixed effect of terrain and natural factors was significantly greater than the impact of a single factor on ESs, and terrain factors played an essential role in the changes in ESs. The findings can provide technical and theoretical support for integrated scientific ecosystem management and sustainable development at the local scale.
The Preliminary Application of Spectral Microphysics in Numerical Study of the Effects of Aerosol Particles on Thunderstorm Development
Authors: Yang Yi , Sun Ji ming , Shi Zheng , Tian Wan shun , Li Fu xing , Zhang Tian yu , Deng Wei , Hu Wenhao , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2024

Progress in numerical models and improved computational capabilities have significantly advanced our comprehension of how aerosol particles impact thunderstorm clouds. Yet, much of this research has focused on employing bulk microphysics models to explain the impacts of aerosol particles acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) on electrical activities in thunderstorm clouds. The bulk thunderstorm models use mean sizes of particles and terminal-fall velocities. This causes calculation deviation in the electrification simulation, which in turn leads to deviations in the simulation of lightning processes. Developing this further, we established a three-dimensional high-resolution cloud–aerosol bin thunderstorm model with electrification and lightning to provide more accurate microphysics and dynamic fields for studying electrical activities. For evaluating the impacts of aerosol particles, specifically CCN, on the properties of continental thunderclouds, aerosols from both clean and polluted continental environments were selected. Cloud simulations indicate that droplets develop a narrower spectrum in polluted continental conditions, and weakened ice crystal growth increases the number of small ice crystals compared to clean conditions. Smaller droplets and ice crystals result in less effective riming and decreased graupel concentration and mass. Consequently, a significant decrease in large ice particles leads to a weakened process of charge separation under conditions of pollution. As a direct result, there is about a 43% reduction in lightning frequency and a delay of approximately 5 min in the lightning process under polluted conditions.
Factors That Influence Sustainable Innovation in Organizations: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Saxena Praveen Kumar , Seetharaman Arumugam , Shawarikar Girija
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this article is to navigate the intricate balance between innovation and sustainability, pinpointing facilitating factors for their harmonious coexistence. It aims to guide firms toward a future where innovation drives progress while safeguarding the planet’s and its inhabitants’ well-being. Synthesizing the existing research, this study explores the impacts of various factors on sustainable innovation performance. The results highlight the positive associations of leadership roles, dynamic capabilities, stakeholder engagement, and social and environmental aspects with the firm’s innovation, providing insights for fostering sustainable innovation practices. This study proposes a framework that illustrates how factors impacting sustainable innovation intersect with theories studied in this article, such as the triple bottom line (TBL) and sustainability development theory (SDT). A systematic literature review (SLR) methodology is adopted to synthesize the knowledge and validate the research outcome to reach a conclusion. It will be beneficial to include sustainability both as a critical strategy for any firm’s growth and as a key part of the academic curriculum to create knowledge that will develop responsible leaders for a sustainable world. Future studies may utilize quantitative methods, like surveys, to empirically validate outcomes, offering numerical insights into factors influencing sustainable innovation within firms and enriching understanding of their impact and relationships.
Research on the Effects of Different Environmental Regulation Tools on China’s Industrial Water Green Use Efficiency—Comparison between the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Yang Yuchun , Liu Shanni , Khan Muhammad Kamran
Published: June 2024

Improving industrial water green use efficiency (IWGUE) is a primary means to ensure the production, living, and ecological use of water quantity and quality, while effective environmental regulation tools are important to promote efficiency. This paper calculates the industrial water green use efficiency in China’s 30 provinces from 2010 to 2022 by the SE-SBM model and divides environmental regulatory tools into command-based, market-oriented, and voluntary types. The panel Tobit model is constructed to test the impact and differences in the effects of three environmental regulations on regional industrial water green use efficiency. The results show the following: (1) Under the constraint of undesired output, IWGUE fluctuates upward slowly in China, and the potential for improving the efficiency value is enormous, with significant regional and basin-level differences. (2) At the national level, the impact of command-based and market-oriented environmental regulations on IWGUE shows a U-shaped trend, while the positive promoting effect of voluntary environmental regulations on efficiency is not significant. (3) In the Yellow River Basin, the impact of three types of environmental regulations on IWGUE shows a U-shaped pattern. Command-based and voluntary environmental regulations have crossed the inflection point and have a significant promoting effect on efficiency, while market-oriented environmental regulations have not yet crossed the inflection point. (4) In the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the impact of command-based and market-oriented environmental regulations on IWGUE shows a U-shaped pattern, while voluntary environmental regulations have a significant promoting effect on efficiency. This study may provide a reference for tailored policy design to improve industrial water efficiency in China from the perspective of environmental regulations.
When Four Cyclic Antipodal Pairs Are Ordered Counterclockwise in Euclidean and Hyperbolic Geometry
Authors: Ungar Abraham A.
Published: June 2024

A cyclic antipodal pair of a circle is a pair of points that are the intersection of the circle with the diameter of the circle. In this article, a recent proof of Ptolemy’s Theorem—simultaneously in both (i) Euclidean geometry and (ii) the relativistic model of hyperbolic geometry (also known as the Klein model)—motivates the study of four cyclic antipodal pairs of a circle, ordered arbitrarily counterclockwise. The translation of results from Euclidean geometry into hyperbolic geometry is obtained by means of hyperbolic trigonometry, called gyrotrigonometry, to which Einstein addition gives rise. Identities that extend the Pythagorean identity in both Euclidean and hyperbolic geometry are obtained.
Long-Term Enhancement of Botulinum Toxin Injections for Post-Stroke Spasticity by Use of Stretching Exercises—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hwang In-Su , Ryu Jin-Whan , Jin Sol , Kim Soo-A , Kim Min-Su
Published: June 2024

Botulinum toxin A (BONT/A) injections play a central role in the treatment of upper limb spasticity in stroke patients. We proposed structured stretching exercises to enhance the effect of post-stroke spasticity relief of the upper limbs following BONT/A injections. A total of 43 patients who had a stroke with grade 2 spasticity or higher on the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) in their upper-limb muscles were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 21) or control group (n = 22). The former received structured stretching exercises after their BONT/A injections for 20 min, 5 days per week, for 6 months at a hospital, while the others conducted self-stretching exercises at home. The outcome measures were assessed before the intervention (T0) and after three (T1) and six months (T2). Significantly greater improvements in the MAS scores of the elbows, wrists, and fingers were found in the intervention group’s patients at T1 and T2. The behavioral outcome measures, including shoulder pain, activities of daily living, and quality of life, and our electrophysiological studies also showed a significantly higher enhancement in this patient group. In conclusion, the structured stretching exercises plus BONT/A injections for six months showed a superior effect in relieving post-stroke upper-limb spasticity compared to self-stretching exercises.
Regional Dynamics and Economic Sustainability of Mariculture Firms in Portugal: A Financial Performance Analysis
Authors: Santos Eleonora
Published: June 2024

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the financial performance of aquaculture firms in Portugal from 2013 to 2022, considering regional, age, and size dynamics. Using financial data from the ORBIS database, key performance indicators are calculated to assess the industry’s economic sustainability, regional disparities, and firm-level effects. The analysis reveals insights into the resilience of aquaculture firms in navigating economic challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and highlights the importance of tailored policy interventions to support regional development and industry competitiveness. Age trends show the influence of industry experience on financial performance, with older firms demonstrating higher turnover and profitability. Size trends indicate the advantages of economies of scale for larger firms, while smaller firms exhibit agility and innovation. This study contributes to the understanding of aquaculture economics in Portugal, providing valuable implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and aquaculture firms. By considering regional, age, and size dynamics, stakeholders can develop comprehensive strategies to enhance the sector’s long-term sustainability and resilience in an increasingly dynamic market environment. Recommendations are provided for policymakers to support regions with lower performance metrics, enhance infrastructure development, and promote workforce productivity to foster balanced economic growth across the aquaculture sector in Portugal.
Fluvial Dynamics and Hydrological Variability in the Chiriquí Viejo River Basin, Panama: An Assessment of Hydro-Social Sustainability through Advanced Hydrometric Indexes
Authors: De Gracia Hermes , Aguilar Cristina , Serrano Victoria
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study was to conduct a detailed analysis of the available flow series in the Chiriquí Viejo River basin in Panama. This paper examines the patterns of variation within these series and calculates various hydrological indexes indicative of the region’s hydrology. Utilizing advanced hydrological indexes within the Chiriquí Viejo River basin in Panama, which spans an area of 1376 km2 and supports an estimated population of 100,000 inhabitants, analytical methods were employed to compute indexes such as the Daily Flow Variation Index (QVAR), the Slope of the Flow Duration Curve (R2FDC), the Hydrological Regulation Index (IRH), and the average duration of low (DLQ75) and high (DHQ25) flow pulses. The results indicate moderate flow variability (QVAR of 0.72) and a Hydrological Regulation Index (IRH) of 2.32, signifying a moderate capacity for flow regulation. Notably, low flow events (DLQ75) lasted approximately 3.73 days, while high flow events (DHQ25) lasted around 4.08 days. The study highlights a significant capacity to respond to extreme events, with maximum annual flows reaching 80.25 m3/s and minimum flows dropping to 3.01 m3/s. Despite the significant contribution of the basin to hydroelectric power generation and other economic activities, there is an observed need for sustainable management that accommodates hydrological fluctuations and promotes resource conservation. The conclusions indicate that these findings are critical for future planning and conservation strategies in the region, emphasizing the importance of integrating multidisciplinary approaches for Hydro-Social Sustainability. This novel and holistic approach underscores the interdependence between hydrological dynamics, socio-economic activities, and environmental sustainability, aiming to ensure the long-term resilience of the Chiriquí Viejo basin and its communities.
Use of thigh fascia autograft for repairing a through-and-through soft tissue defect in the alveolar process: a clinical case
Authors: Alishlalov S. A. , Sysolyatin S. P. , Serebrov T. V. , Handzratsyan A. S.
Published: June 2024

Relevance. In most cases, soft tissue defects can be addressed using standard local flap transposition methods. However, large defects and/or those with scar tissue changes, through-and-through defects involving destruction of both vestibular and palatal cortical plates, defects penetrating into the nasal cavity, and similar situations necessitate unconventional solutions utilizing external graft materials.

Clinical case description. This clinical case details the use of an autograft from the wide fascia of the thigh (Fascia lata) to repair an atypical defect of the alveolar process in the maxilla, specifically in the area of teeth 1.2 and 1.1. This defect exhibited through penetration between the vestibule of the oral cavity and the oral cavity proper, along with a significant deficiency of local tissues required for defect closure. The results of clinical, instrumental, and CT examinations conducted before and after the surgical intervention are presented.

Results. Objective clinical studies conducted three months post-operation showed complete closure of the defect in the alveolar process of the maxilla, with full epithelization in the postoperative intervention area.
Editorial
Authors: Blanco Nancy , Bentivegna Nancy
Published: June 2024

La editorial presenta el número 50 de Información, cultura y sociedad celebrando sus 25 años e introduce al lector en un recorrido por los artículos que conforman esta nueva publicación.
السَّيَاسَةُ الشّرعيَّة مِنْ إِنْشاء مَرّكز لتَّسِليِم المَحْضون وَرُؤْيَتهُ في قَانُونِ مَحْكَمة الأُسْرَة الْكُوَيْتِيِّ
Authors: سِيرين أسامة جرادات
Published: June 2024

كَشَفَت هذه الدّرَاسِة عن مَوضوع السّياسة الشَّرعيِة مِنْ إِنشاء مركز لتسليم الْمَحْضون وَرُؤْيَته في المادة (16) من قانون مَحْكمة الأُسْرَة الكُويتيِّ رقم 12 لِسّنة 2015، وبينت الدّرَاسة مفهوم السَّياسة الشّرعيةّ، ومفهوم رؤية المحضون، كما وأبرزت الدّراسة الدَّور الإيجابيّ لقَانُون مَحْكمة الأُسْرَة الكُويتيِّ؛ وكيف سَاهم في تَنظيم حياة الناس، وجلبَ المَصْلَحَة والمَنْفَعَة لهم، ودفع المَضَرّة والمَفَسدة عنهم.
واستخدمت الباحثة لبيان ذلك: المَنْهَج الوصفيَِّ والاستنباطيَّ، وتوصلت الدِّراسة إلى أنَّ إنشاء مركز لِتسليم الْمَحْضون ورؤيته، يتفق وروح الشَّريعة الإسْلاميِّة، القائمة على المَصْلَحَةِ في تحقيق الطمأنينة ودرء مفسدة الخلاف بين الأبوين في تحديد وقت ومكان مُناسب لرؤية الْمَحْضون، كمّا وتظهرُ المَصْلَحَة كذلك في تلبية حَاجة الأمة الإسْلاميَِّة في توفير مَكان يعمل على تنظيم رُؤْية الْمَحْضون ولا يَضُرُّ بهِ نفسيًا.

الكلمات الدَّالة: السّياسة الشّرعية،المَصْالح، درء المَفَاسِد، قانون مَحْكمة الأُسرة الكُويتيِّ، حقّ رُؤْية الْمَحْضون.
التعامل مع الإشكالات العقدية في ضوء الأحاديث النبوية
Authors: نور عبد العزيز الشايع  , شيخة عبد الله المطوع
Published: June 2024

يتناول هذا البحث المنهج النبوي في التعامل مع الإشكالات والأسئلة العقدية، ويهدف البحث إلى استخلاص الأساليب والوسائل المتبعة في ذلك. وقد تبين من خلال البحث أن رسول الله اتبع أساليب متنوعة في تثبيت العقائد، وزيادة اليقين، وذلك من خلال نبذ الخرافات والأوهام، ونبذ الاتباع والتقليد، واستعمال القياس وضرب الأمثال، والمحاورة والمجادلة بالتي هي أحسن، كما أنه أجاب الأسئلة العقدية، وأرشد إلى المعالجة الإيمانية للخواطر والوساوس. وقد خلص البحث إلى أن السنة النبوية قد أسست لقواعد علم الجدل والمناظرة، وأصَّلت للطرق والوسائل المتبعة في حل الإشكالات العقدية، وإجابة الأسئلة الإيمانية، وقد تنوعت أساليبه في ذلك، ولم تقتصر على جانب الرد والإجابة، وإنما هي عملية متكاملة من البناء، والغرس، وتصحيح المفاهيم، وسد الذرائع، ومحاكاة العقل وإزالة اللبس، والاستعانة بالله عزوجل، واتباع سبل الوقاية والتحصين.
Characterization and Evaluation of Global Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Products: Estimation of Gross Primary Productivity and Phenology
Authors: Zheng Xuan , Zhao Weiqing , Zhu Zaichun , Wang Zhe , Zheng Yaoyao , Li Dajing
Published: June 2024

As a proxy of vegetation photosynthesis, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) contains rich photosynthetic information that can reveal the physiological state of vegetation and its response to the environment. Current publicly available SIF products vary in accuracy, spatiotemporal resolution, and coverage due to the different inversion algorithms and sensor characteristics. Although awareness of their performances is essential for researchers to select and use data rationally, no systematic comparative analyses of these products have been conducted. In this paper, 8 sets of widely used SIF products were systematically evaluated in terms of spatiotemporal agreement with gross primary productivity (GPP) against 3 GPP datasets (FLUXNET observations, FLUXCOM–GPP, and random forest–GPP) and the derived phenology metrics against the phenological observation data (Pan European Phenological database). Results showed that the GOSIF (757 nm) and CSIF datasets best encapsulate the spatiotemporal variability of global GPP and characterize the spatial distribution of GPP-derived phenology. The ability of SIF products to explain GPP variation changed according to ecosystem type. The ability was strong for deciduous broadleaf forests, mixed forests, and evergreen needleleaf forests, whereas it was poor for evergreen broadleaf forests. Regarding consistency with phenological observations, SIF products were substantial better at predicting the start of the growing season rather than the end or length of the growing season. The systematic evaluation of the widely used SIF products serves as a reference for subsequent studies and may also provide comprehensive information for further refinements and future development of the new SIF products.
The Relationship Between Egg Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Shahrekord Cohort Study
Authors: Ghafari Atefeh , Arash Rezvan , Jafari Tina , Ahmadi Ali , Tavassoli Elahe , Delgarm Shams Abadi Ali
Published: June 2024

Background and aims: Diabetes is a common non-communicable and metabolic disease, and its prevalence is predicted to double by 2045. It is also a significant risk factor for cardiovascular complications and mortality. The study investigated the association between egg consumption and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a cohort of Iranian adults. Methods: This study compared 261 cases of T2D with 261 controls matched for age and features and assessed their dietary intake using a food frequency questionnaire. The inclusion criterion involved the absence of concurrent chronic diseases apart from T2D. Results: Based on the results, the participants’ average age was 53.32 years, with a slightly higher proportion of females in both groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased consumption of eggs is associated with a diminished risk of developing T2D (P=0.01). Conclusion: The study suggests that egg consumption may have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, and regional and genetic differences may influence the relationship between egg consumption and T2D. It calls for further longitudinal and interventional studies to confirm the findings.