bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Second law of thermodynamics for batteries with vacuum state
Authors: Lipka-Bartosik Patryk , Mazurek Paweł , Horodecki Michał
Published: March 2021

In stochastic thermodynamics work is a random variable whose average is bounded by the change in the free energy of the system. In most treatments, however, the work reservoir that absorbs this change is either tacitly assumed or modelled using unphysical systems with unbounded Hamiltonians (i.e. the ideal weight). In this work we describe the consequences of introducing the ground state of the battery and hence — of breaking its translational symmetry. The most striking consequence of this shift is the fact that the Jarzynski identity is replaced by a family of inequalities. Using these inequalities we obtain corrections to the second law of thermodynamics which vanish exponentially with the distance of the initial state of the battery to the bottom of its spectrum. Finally, we study an exemplary thermal operation which realizes the approximate Landauer erasure and demonstrate the consequences which arise when the ground state of the battery is explicitly introduced. In particular, we show that occupation of the vacuum state of any physical battery sets a lower bound on fluctuations of work, while batteries without vacuum state allow for fluctuation-free erasure.
The Smell of Factionalism: Left Opposition in the Vyatka Provincial Organization of the Bolshevik Party in 1923-1924
Authors: Timkin Yuri N.
Published: March 2021

The activity of the Vyatka left opposition that arose during the internal party discussion in the fall of 1923 and the spring of 1924 is studied. The work is based on archival documents from the Central State Archive of Kirov Region, as well as on materials from the Vyatka Pravda party newspaper. The platform of the local opposition opposed the formation of factions but insisted on clarifying what factionalism is supposed to mean. The Left Opposition united the party community of the provincial city and adjacent working areas. Most party members initially expressed full confidence in the partys Central Committee. An analysis of archival material shows that the Vyatka opposition tried to establish a broad discussion of problems in internal party life. In the provincial center there was a party discussion club that organized heated discussions. The focus on clarifying the concepts of factions and groups reflected the desire of opposition supporters to avoid being accused of betraying the party and the cause of the revolution. Remarkably, until early January 1924 the left opposition had absolute support among party members in Vyatka. The article analyzes the Central Committees suppression of the local opposition in January - February 1924, and in particular the skillful techniques of Aron Solts and his supporters. At the final stage of the struggle, a group of conciliators arose among the members of the opposition, and contributed to the victory of the Central Committee line. The article clarifies reasons and circumstances of the defeat of the opposition, none of whose representatives openly stood in opposition to the majority of the Central Committee or called on ordinary members to protest. The authors demonstrate that the local left opposition was a situational unification of diverse forces, dissatisfied with the bureaucratization of the party, the growing dictatorship of the Central Committee, the newcomers, as well as the dominance of appointees from the Party and the Soviets. During the discussion in the organizations of the Party, the need for developing internal party democracy and a free discussion of the problems emerged, showing that there was a potential alternative to Stalinism. The main feature of the left opposition was that it formed and temporarily won the predominantly non-proletarian Vyatka, where before the 1917 revolution the zemstvo and city democratic self-government has gained roots; this is interpreted as a preservation of the demand for freedom and democracy in local society.
The Challenges to Social Control in Brezhnev’s Soviet Union, 1964-1982
Authors: Sinitsyn Fedor L.
Published: March 2021

This article examines the development of social control in the Soviet Union under Leonid Brezhnev, who was General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1964 to 1982. Historians have largely neglected this question, especially with regard to its evolution and efficiency. Research is based on sources in the Russian State Archive of Modern History (RGANI), the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI) and the Moscow Central State Archive (TSGAM). During Brezhnevs rule, Soviet propaganda reached the peak of its development. However, despite the fact that authorities tried to improve it, the system was ritualistic, unconvincing, unwieldy, and favored quantity over quality. The same was true for political education, which did little more than inspire sullen passivity in its students. Although officials recognized these failings, their response was ineffective, and over time Soviet propaganda increasingly lost its potency. At the same time, there were new trends in the system of social control. Authorities tried to have a foot in both camps - to strengthen censorship, and at the same time to get feedback from the public. However, many were afraid to express any criticism openly. In turn, the government used data on peoples sentiments only to try to control their thoughts. As a result, it did not respond to matters that concerned the public. These problems only increased during the era of stagnation and contributed to the decline and subsequent collapse of the Soviet system.
Russian Empire’s Religious Institutions in the 18th - Early 20th Century: The Evolution of “Friend - Alien - Foe” Relations
Authors: Bendin Alexandre Yu.
Published: March 2021

The Russian governments three principal institutions to regulate the empires diverse religions from the 18th to the early 20th century are examined. Its author describes the evolution of these bodies, their features and purpose, as well as defining the concept of religious security by analyzing its specific historical content. The author also discusses the relationship between the institutions of the official Russian Church, religious tolerance for foreign confessions, and discrimination against the Old Believers through the prism of friend - alien - foe relations. This approach helps us understand the hierarchical nature of the relations and contradictions that existed between the institutions, whose activities regulated the religious life of the Russian Empires subjects until 1905. The article goes on to analyze the relationship between the official legal status of the Russian Church, imperial tolerance, and religious discrimination. It concludes that the formation of the three state-religious institutions that began in the 18th century ended during the reign of Emperor Nicholas I. That time saw the beginning of the gradual evolution of friend - alien - foe inter-institutional relations, which peaked under Emperor Nicholas in 1904-1906. The author also considers the changes in the governments policy towards the Russian schism of the 17th century, which ultimately removed the friend-or-foe opposition in the relations between the Russian state, the Russian Church and the schismatic Old Believers. In accordance with the modernized legislation on religious tolerance, lawful Old Believers and sectarians moved from the category of religious and political foes to that of aliens, to which foreign confessions traditionally belonged. Under the new legal and political conditions, intolerance and religious discrimination against the schism ceased to be an instrument of state policy.
The “Flip Side” of Peter the Great’s Reforms
Authors: Chernikova Tatiana V.
Published: March 2021

Under discussion the question if Peter the Greats reforms were truly revolutionary. The author focuses on two aspects: the extent to which his innovations altered the patrimonial system that had dominated Muscovy over the previous three centuries, and the role arbitrariness, bribery, embezzlement and other kinds of corruption played during his reign. She examines the first Russian emperors changes that most affected Russias various estates, including the introduction of a poll tax, the conversion of peasants on state lands into state serfs, as well as the intensification of the nobilitys service obligations and the reduction of its privileges. The author concludes that Peter not only did not destroy Muscovys traditional patrimonial system, but intensified it and even used it to impose his reforms on a reluctant population. Meanwhile, although the emperors initiatives in the sciences, arts and secular education were important, they only affected the upper class. In other respects, Peters efforts to westernize his realm were only superficial. The author also considers how Russians regarded the notion of freedom. She argues that there is a connection between seemingly opposite phenomena - the popular desire for freedom and arbitrariness of the service nobility. The author pays particular attention to corruption, which she considers to have had a major impact on the governments relationship with the elite, and was tolerated both to maintain the latters loyalty but also to manipulate it.
Youth as an Object of Online Extremist Propaganda: The Case of the IS
Authors: Abalian Anna Igorevna , Bijan Aref
Published: March 2021

A youth audience is the most vulnerable part of society as an object of influence of radical ideas. The authors argue that the most efficient tool of involving young people of different origin and confessional affiliation into the extremist activity on the present stage is social networks. Despite the fact that the practice of using communication networks in the Internet space by terrorist organizations have existed before, it was the information policy of the ISIS (and later IS) that was characterized by the greatest effectiveness, due to the creation of an integrated media structure, which consisted of numerous foundations and agencies (Al Furqan, Aynad, Itisaam, Al-Hayat, etc.), allowing them to spread their extremist religious and ideological doctrine on a global scale. The use of the widest range of high-quality media products in Internet media and social networks has expanded the organizations area of influence by attracting supporters not only from the Middle East region, but also from European countries and the Russian Federation. The case-study of the mechanisms for attracting European youth through social networks, such as Twitter, Facebook, etc., to extremist activities under the auspices of the IS is held. In conclusion, the prospects for the influence of IS propaganda in social networks after the defeat of a terrorist organization in 2018 are assessed. As a methodological basis of the research, aspect and activity approaches, as well as analytical, statistical methods and the method of content analysis are used.
Inclusive trends of urban development: Temporalspatial social practices
Authors: Zaitsev D. V. , Zaitseva O. V. , Yarskaya-Smirnova V. N.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a review of the data of Russian and international research of social-urban development as presented at the scientific events in the Saratov region. In contemporary urbanism, there is a number of trends: temporal, of universal design, and social-cultural. The Russian urban development follows agglomeration trends that are increasingly evident in the processes of settlement, which means active development of suburban areas, changes in their landscape characteristics, cultural spaces, and mobility of citizens. The covid-19 pandemic had a complex impact on the social-urban features of cities in Russia and the world by transforming the structure and functionality of many urban locations, creating conditions for the emergence of a post-coronavirus city. The empirical data show that such a city is the most socially sensitive to negative and positive aspects of social life and to manifestations of inclusive practices that unite people. Under the low, fragmented accessibility of social, cultural and other infrastructure of cities that are designed for healthy people, there is a synchronization of urban infrastructure elements in the context of inclusion due to the social demand for a coronavirus transformation of the architectural and urban environment in terms of social distancing. Based on the research data from different regions of Russia, the authors identify priority directions of the inclusive development of social urbanism: models of the inclusive culture of urban communities; monitoring of the city accessible environment for citizens of different age and mobility (in particular, with the tracing and walk along approaches); model of participatory urban planning and social expertise of the inclusiveness of the urban space; educational model of professional training in the field of social urbanism and universal design.
Justice and inequality in the household consumption in Russia and China: A comparative analysis
Authors: Kozyreva P. M. , Zhu Di , Nizamova A. E. , Smirnov A. I.
Published: March 2021

The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the household consumption in Russia and China on the basis of the reputable empirical information sources. The article focuses on the main trends and peculiarities in how households from each country differed in terms of the structure and level of consumption under dramatic transformations associated with market reforms. Inequality in consumption in Russia and China, which can be characterized as high or excessive, largely determines the overall situation with social inequality and significantly influences the development of state social policy in various fields. As for the most differentiating items of expenditure for both countries, those are groceries, durable goods, public utility payments, cultural activities and entertainment. After noting the effect that income has on consumption, which is undeniable, though differs in nature and degree, the authors focus on other factors of this type of inequality, in particular, on the territorial, regional and settlement-specific characteristics of consumption inequality in both countries. The authors argue that in Russia, there is significant regional inequality in consumption, while in China such inequality is more settlement-specific; there are also differences in consumption inequality between urban and rural areas, which contribute to the overall situation with social inequality. In China, urban household expenditures are growing much faster than those of rural households, while in Russia the difference is not that pronounced. That said, the share of spending on groceries in the structure of expenditures is decreasing more rapidly in urban China, and compared to Russia, there is a smaller gap between urban and rural areas. At the same time in China, consumption inequality as a result of age and class differences is a much more acute issue, while in Russia, the differences caused by intensifying economic stratification seem to be a more important factor of inequality.
From formal rationality to the digital one: Sideeffects, ambivalences, and vulnerabilities
Authors: Kravchenko S. A.
Published: March 2021

The article considers challenges for man, society and nature, which appeared under the new types of rationality and bring not only the desired achievements but also unintended consequences in the form of side-effects, ambivalences, and vulnerabilities that become more complex. Thus, formal rationality became a factor of transition from traditional societies to industrial ones, which facilitated the establishment of high standards of living, but at the same time had side-effects such as the iron cage of bureaucratization that made social relationships impersonal and without binding values. The growing formal rationality produced more complex side-effects such as legitimation crisis, colonization of the essential functions of peoples life-worlds, and dependence on legal and administrative bureaucracies. Formal rationality led to ambivalences: rationalization helped people to adapt to the dynamics of social life but also had irrational consequences - achievements in scientific knowledge and technologies advanced beyond moral limits. Formal rationality gave birth to society of normalization and biopower which generated the system of total control in the form of the Panapticon spreading its influence throughout the whole society. McDonaldization as a form of modern formal rationality worsened the situation by producing globally dehumanized nothings. Digital rationality creates objective conditions for complex vulnerabilities to society and nature in the form of normal accidents and collateral damage. The author argues that digital rationality acquires two basic types that are culturally determined: pragmatic type - hybrid rationality rooted in the principles of practical, formal, instrumental rationality and McDonaldization; substantive digital type with an emphasis on human needs and ontological safety. To minimize the vulnerabilities of the pragmatic digital rationality and to avoid the digital iron cage, the author suggests: rejection of radicalism and pragmatism in relation to digital technologies and artificial intelligence; humanistic modernization; eco-digital policy; interdisciplinary research of complex nonlinear vulnerabilities.
Mobilidade e lazer: o uso da bicicleta no cotidiano dos estudantes do ensino médio.
Authors: Nunes Yhasmin Abrantes , Tiradentes Leomar
Published: March 2021

Entendendo a bicicleta, como um importante meio de deslocamento ou de lazer entre os jovens, e concebida não apenas como um meio de transporte no caótico fluxo urbano de nossas cidades, mas também como uma aliada na questão da busca pela qualidade de vida, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância da bicicleta no processo de deslocamento e na qualidade de vida dos alunos do Ensino Médio do Colégio de Aplicação - UFV, localizado na cidade de Viçosa – MG, cidade universitária, fortemente influenciada por uma população jovem. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é um estudo de caso e segue um caráter analítico descritivo visando compreender a existência de uma relação entre bicicleta, mobilidade, lazer e estudantes. O uso da bicicleta é amplamente possibilitado pela presença de uma topografia plana, existindo, no entanto, uma redução do seu uso em função da violência urbana e da inexistência de uma política pública que valorize sua prática.
Pensar a educação inclusiva no contexto da pesquisa na educação básica: reflexões sobre as ações implementadas pelo Centro Pedagógico da UFMG
Authors: Caldeira Maria Carolina da Silva , Oliveira Elânia De , Araújo Camila Camilozzi Alves Costa de Albuquerque
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre a educação inclusiva e as contribuições que a pesquisa na educação básica podem oferecer para ampliar as discussões nesse campo de estudos. O ponto de partida são as ações que o Centro Pedagógico da UFMG (CP/UFMG) vem desenvolvendo nos últimos anos. Para tanto, utilizou-se como metodologia a análise documental. Foram analisados diferentes documentos do CP, tais como a proposta de Projeto Política Pedagógico, os documentos relativos ao Atendimento Educacional Especializado e as propostas de formação inicial docente. Como referencial teórico, foram utilizados os estudos sobre inclusão escolar, particularmente as contribuições de Mantoan (2003, 1994) e Kafrouni e Souza (2001). Os resultados dão conta de que um esforço tem sido feito pela escola, o que pode ser percebido pelo envolvimento da comunidade escolar nos seminários e rodas de conversa, com o objetivo de definir as diretrizes internas para a inclusão no CP, o investimento de professores e TAEs (técnicos administrativos em educação) na pesquisa, com a criação de grupo de pesquisa com foco na diversidade e na inclusão, além de ações de formação para estudantes de graduação e comunidade interna.
O estágio supervisionado de inglês como lugar de conflitos para o desenvolvimento conceitual e identitário docente
Authors: Ruhmke-Ramos Nadia Karina , Luis Renata Gomes
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho, analisamos dados de duas pesquisas qualitativas na área de formação inicial de professores de inglês (AUTORE, 2017; AUTORE, 2018) realizadas no mesmo contexto, com o objetivo de identificar os pontos comuns entre os estudos.  Os dados indicaram que esta etapa da formação é marcada por conflitos surgidos a partir da desestabilização tanto de conceitos (Vygotsky, 1987) sobre ensino-aprendizagem de inglês quanto de identidades profissionais em (re)construção (Wenger, 1998). Tais conflitos se deram principalmente em relação ao gerenciamento de sala de aula e a análise indicou que a mediação dos conflitos pareceu oportunizar transformações na prática pedagógica e na identidade das alunas-professoras ao longo do processo. Além disso, observamos a importância do diálogo entre pesquisas com perspectivas diferentes para uma compreensão mais ampla dos contextos investigados.
A arte como ferramenta no ensino de ciências da natureza nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Prestes Luísa Brum , De Oliveira Daniele Muniz , Da Rocha Andrea Anilda Hoffmann , Santos Victor João da Rocha Maia
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar as conclusões que foram obtidas com o trabalho realizado na oficina “Fazendo Arte e Aprendendo Ciências” no Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram da oficina dez alunos dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, lecionada por uma professora da instituição e duas alunas do Programa Institucional de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo – Ciências da Natureza. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados para a realização do trabalho foram: desenhos feitos pelos estudantes, fotos e os vídeos das práticas. As aulas foram planejadas a partir de temas de interesse dos alunos, partindo de atividades lúdicas envolvendo arte foi possível apresentar os conceitos científicos de forma mais leve, possibilitando ao aluno criar hipóteses e teorias do que estava acontecendo.
A afetividade no contexto de conclusão da educação básica
Authors: Brandão Márcia Maria Rodrigues Tabosa , Mattos Dayse Carla Rodrigues de Macedo
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a repercussão de uma ação educativo-pedagógica, fundada pela afetividade no processo formativo dos estudantes de turmas da 3ª série do Ensino Médio do Colégio de Aplicação (CAp) - UFPE. O trabalho resulta de uma pesquisa do tipo estudo de caso, tendo como procedimentos/instrumentos para coleta de dados: entrevista e observação participante com interpretação pela técnica da análise de conteúdo. Reflete-se acerca da afetividade na relação pedagógica como viabilizadora do reconhecimento e da vivência desse período formativo com fim em si mesmo, ou seja, o desenvolvimento do pensar, sentir e agir. Evidencia-se a necessidade de uma educação que nos permita sonhar e criar novos valores, idealizar e configurar novas visões de mundo mais coerentes e sustentáveis em relação ao desenvolvimento da vida e promover a aprendizagem abrangendo as diferentes dimensões humanas.
Evaluation of Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in terms of Overweight / Obesity in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Bitkin Eda Çelebi , Kara Cengiz , Yılmaz Gülay Can , Mammadova Jamala , Aydın Hasan Murat
Published: March 2021

Abstract Objective: Obesity was once a rare problem in Type 1 diabetes
mellitus, but is a growing problem today. The aim of our study is to
determine the frequency of overweight / obesity at the time of diagnosis
and during follow-up in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus as well
as review the conditions that may accompany. Methods: 315 patients with
type 1 diabetes mellitus were retrospectively analyzed. The patients
were divided into two groups according to the last examination as normal
weight and overweight / obese. The two groups were compared in terms of
age at diagnosis, gender, birth weight, family history, anthropometric
measurements, insulin dose used and blood pressure measurements, and
insulin, c-peptide, hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride, and high-density
lipoprotein levels at the time of diagnosis and follow-up. Results: The
prevalence of overweight / obese in all patients was 4.8% at the time
of diagnosis, while it was 9.8% at the last examination. The height,
weight and BMI SD scores and c-peptide levels at the time of diagnosis
of the overweight / obese group were higher than those with normal
weight (p <0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). The frequency
of dyslipidemia and hypertension was higher in the overweight / obese
group than in the normal weight group [18.2% versus 5% (p = 0.015)
and 10% versus 1.5% (p = 0.003), respectively]. Conclusion: In our
study, the fact that the overweight / obese group had higher BMI and
c-peptide and lower HDL values at the time of diagnosis can be evaluated
as indicators that insulin resistance syndrome can accompany T1DM from
the beginning (double diabetes). When determining the treatment and
follow-up strategies of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus,
considering the risk of obesity and taking the necessary precautions is
very important in terms of morbidity.
Convolutions of the generalized Jacobsthal and generalized Lucas numbers
Authors: Djordjevic Gospava , Djordjevic Snezana
Published: March 2021

In this paper we consider the generalized Jacobsthal Jn,m and the generalized Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers jn,m. Also, we introduce new sequences of
numbers An,m, Bn,m, Cn,m and Dn,m. Namely, these new sequences are
convolutions of the sequences Jn,m and jn,m. Further, we find the generating
functions and some recurrence relations for these sequences of numbers.
Matrix representations for a certain class of combinatorial numbers associated with Bernstein basis functions and cyclic derangements and their probabilistic and asymptotic analyses
Authors: Kucukoglu Irem , Simsek Yilmaz
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we mainly concerned with an alternate form of the generating functions for a certain class of combinatorial numbers and polynomials. We give matrix representations for these numbers and polynomials with their applications. We also derive various identities such as Rodrigues-type formula, recurrence relation and derivative formula for the aforementioned combinatorial numbers. Besides, we present some plots of the generating functions for these numbers. Furthermore, we give relationships of these combinatorial numbers and polynomials with not only Bernstein basis functions, but the two-variable Hermite polynomials and the number of cyclic derangements. We also present some applications of these relationships. By applying Laplace transform and Mellin transform respectively to the aforementioned functions, we give not only an infinite series representation, but also an interpolation function of these combinatorial numbers. We also provide a contour integral representation of these combinatorial numbers. In addition, we construct exponential generating functions for a new family of numbers arising from the linear combination of the numbers of cyclic derangements in the wreath product of the finite cyclic group and the symmetric group of permutations of a set. Finally, we analyse the aforementioned functions in probabilistic and asymptotic manners, and we give some of their relationships with not only the Laplace distribution, but also the standard normal distribution. Then, we provide an asymptotic power series representation of the aforementioned exponential generating functions.
Shocks, financial constraints and households’ consumption amid the great recession
Authors: Arestis Philip , Corrado Germana , Corrado Luisa
Published: March 2021

Overall, there is now considerable evidence that financial constraints are at
the root of the lack of consumption smoothing during the Great Recession. We
push this evidence forward and show that in the presence of credit
constraints, a job loss leads to larger drops in households? consumption. We
build a set of testable hypotheses from our theoretical model and employ
microdata taken from the second round of the Life in Transition Survey (LiTS
II) (European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 2010). We specifically
assess the role of financial constraints in explaining households?
consumption coping strategies after the crisis shocks. Economic hardship is
more likely to be observed if households experience difficulties in meeting
outstanding debt obligations or in obtaining new credit lines because of
financial constraints. The impact of job and wage shocks on households?
consumption is much attenuated, by around a half, when we control for sample
selection bias in accessing the formal credit markets. In the context of
increasing impoverishment across Europe, the paper shows that a careful
analysis of the main determinants of households? economic and financial
hardship is crucial to formulate targeted measures at the regional and local
level.
Assessment of the genotoxic potential of temephos
Authors: Cobanoglu Hayal , Cayir Akin
Published: March 2021

Genotoxic effects of pesticides are of great concern for public health due to
the fact that they are widely used for both domestic and industrial
purposes. Temephos is a member of organophosphorus pesticides, which is the
most widely used group of chemicals against both agricultural and domestic
insects. We therefore aimed in the present study to investigate the
genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of temephos on human peripheral blood
lymphocytes, using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) and sister
chromatid exchange assays. The results showed that micronucleus (MN)
frequency increased at concentrations of 50 and 75 ?g/ml although it was not
found statically significant (p>0.05). We found that sister chromatid
exchange (SCE) values at concentrations of 50 and 75 ?g/ ml were
significantly higher than those obtained for the control (p<0.01). We also
analyzed associations between temephos exposure and mitotic index (MI),
proliferation index (PI), and cell blocked proliferation index (CBPI). There
was no significant change in these values at the tested concentrations
(p>0.05). It can be concluded that temephos was not cytotoxic at
concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 ?g/ml. However, it may have a genotoxic
potential in human peripheral lymphocytes.
Learnability problems in the acquisition of the manner-of-motion verbs in L2 English by L1 Spanish speakers
Authors: Bautista Maldonado Salvador , Pacheco Balam Gina del Pilar , Ferrer Méndez Rafael
Published: March 2021

En inglés la oración “John ran into the house” tiene un significado semántico de dirección mientras que  la misma oración, en español, tiene un significado semántico de ubicación. La diferencia reside en que, en el idioma inglés, los verbos conocidos como verbos de movimiento que al combinarse con una preposición de dirección resultan en una oración de dirección; mientras que en español solo existe un significado de ubicación y para expresar  un evento con significado de dirección se requiere utilizar una oración diferente,  como por ejemplo, “John entered the house running”. Esta diferencia sintáctica-semántica causa problemas de aprendizaje del inglés a algunos hablantes. Algunas investigaciones previas revelan que los idiomas similares en este aspecto al español, como el japonés, presentan la misma problemática al transferir la gramática de la L1 a la L2 (Inagaki, 2002). Otro ejemplo es el del coreano, que al igual que el japonés y el español, presenta esta problemática de aprendizaje en el campo sintáctico-semántico inglés como L2 (Zubizarreta y Oh, 2007). Los lingüistas están de acuerdo en que esta problemática  se puede analizar en como las lenguas expresan los eventos en los predicados complejos. Una de las teorías más utilizadas para el análisis de este tipo de eventos es  la clasificación tipológica de las lenguas en Verb-Framed y Satellite-Framed (Talmy, 2000). Con el objetivo de investigar si los hispano hablantes adquieren el significado semántico-sintáctico de dirección, al combinar un verbo de movimiento con una preposición de dirección, en el idioma inglés, se realizo el siguiente experimento. Primeramente, se asumió que los hispanohablantes con un nivel bajo del idioma inglés iban a transferir las propiedades semánticas de su L1 expresar dirección en inglés y, que posteriormente, una vez que hubieran alcanzado un nivel mayor serían capaces de interiorizar la construcción correcta para expresar dirección en la L2. En esta investigación se aplicó un instrumento propuesto por Stringer (2012) que consiste en un set de dibujos en el que los participantes tenían que  seleccionar la oración acorde al dibujo presentado. El instrumento se aplicó a 62 participantes que estaban divididos en tres grupos de estudio dependiendo de su nivel de inglés. Los grupos se conformaron de la siguiente manera: 27 participantes de nivel básico, 15 participantes de nivel intermedio y 20 participantes de nivel avanzado. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que incluso los participantes del nivel básico eran capaces de detectar correctamente las oraciones con un significado semántico de dirección. Al parecer , los resultados indican que los participantes en este experimento adquieren el significado semántico-sintáctico debido al aprendizaje que obtienen en el salón de clases, y esto les permite adquirir los verbos de movimiento desde niveles básicos.
Realidad aumentada como técnica didáctica en la enseñanza de temas de cálculo en la educación superior. Estudio de caso
Authors: Berumen López Efrén , Acevedo Sandoval Salvador , Reveles Gamboa Susana
Published: March 2021

En este documento se presenta un estudio cuasiexperimental para medir el impacto de la realidad aumentada en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje con alumnos del Tecnológico Nacional de México, campus Jerez, de la carrera de Contador Público. Se consideró un grupo de control y un grupo experimental. En el grupo experimental se utilizó una app de realidad aumentada como herramienta de apoyo, mientras que en el grupo de control se realizaron las clases de manera tradicional. En ambos casos la intervención se llevó a cabo exclusivamente en la asignatura de “Cálculo diferencial e integral”. Se utilizó la prueba no paramétrica de Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon para mostrar si había diferencia entre ambos grupos. Los resultados muestran que no hay diferencia si se utiliza realidad aumentada como herramienta de apoyo o se presentan las clases de forma tradicional. Sin embargo, los estudiantes que utilizaron la realidad aumentada consideraron que esta les ayudó a mantener la atención en el transcurso de la asignatura, así como a despertar o aumentar el interés por el contenido impartido.
ATUAÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA EM SAÚDE COLETIVA NA PREVENÇÃO DE DISFUNÇÕES PERINEAIS
Authors: De Aquino Inataniel Da Silva , Arantes Odilene Silva , Silva Paula Amanda Alves , De Sousa Thais Karina Cardozo , Teymey Andressa Andrade , França Priscilla Fernandes , Bontempo Albênica Paulino dos Santos
Published: March 2021

A Saúde Coletiva envolve os conceitos de promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças na atenção primária. Com base neste conceito, orientações sobre o períneo são importantes para prevenção de disfunções miccionais, fecais e sexuais. Objetiva-se levar orientações sobre disfunções perineais para mulheres idosas participantes de uma ação social voltada à saúde da mulher. Roda de conversa que aconteceu durante uma ação social organizada pelos alunos do curso de graduação em fisioterapia da Universidade Paulista, UNIP-Brasília, em 15/03/2018, na Associação dos Idosos de Taguatinga, com a participação dos idosos da Universidade do Envelhecer, UniSer. Na roda de conversa, as idosas receberam orientações sobre a saúde do períneo. Os temas abordados foram anatomia do assoalho pélvico, incontinências urinária e fecal, e disfunções sexuais com exposição de imagens explicativas. Os idosos se mostraram receptivos ao tema e participativos. Foi possível esclarecer muitas dúvidas, dentre elas, a de que a perda de urina NÃO é um processo natural do envelhecimento, apesar de ser uma queixa comum entre as idosas. Assim, as participantes receberam novos conceitos sobre o envelhecimento e o cuidado com a saúde do períneo, além da recomendação de buscar um fisioterapeuta para avaliar a função perineal. Ações como esta têm um forte impacto na sociedade e devem ser incentivadas, de modo a colocar o indivíduo idoso como um protagonista do processo de cuidados com sua própria saúde, por meio da prevenção.
IDOSOS CONTRA O AEDES AEGYPTI
Authors: Dos Santos Alice Pereira L. , Da Cruz Anay Gomes , Cardoso Carla , Batista Maria Das Mercês , Dutra Katia , Teymey Andressa Andrade , França Priscilla Fernandes , Bontempo Albênica Paulino dos Santos
Published: March 2021

O mosquito Aedes Aegypti, é responsável pela transmissão de doenças virais, como DENGUE, ZIKA e CHIKUNGUNYA, o que ocorre em áreas tropicais e subtropicais. Os sintomas dessas doenças incluem febre, dor de cabeça, dores musculares e articulares e, em alguns casos, erupções cutâneas avermelhadas. A dengue pode evoluir para dengue hemorrágica com risco de morte. A Zika tem sido associada à síndrome de Guillain-Barré e microcefalia. Na Chikungunya, o doente pode desenvolver a forma crônica da doença. Objetivou-se fornecer informações sobre métodos naturais de prevenir doenças transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes Aegypti. Os alunos do curso de graduação em fisioterapia da Universidade Paulista UNIP-Brasília promoveram uma ação social, realizada na Associação dos Idosos de Taguatinga, para idosos da Universidade do Envelhecer UniSer/UnB, com o intuito de informar sobre repelentes naturais caseiros e plantas (alfazema, alecrim e hortelã), que podem ser colocados nos lares para afastar os mosquitos. Na ocasião, foi enfatizada a importância do cuidado com o lar, para não ter criadouros do mosquito. Os idosos foram orientados a não deixar água parada, colocar as garrafas vazias viradas para baixo, cobrir a caixa d`água, tomar cuidado com plantas que acumulem água, e sempre colocar areia nos pratos, manter o ambiente limpo e organizado. Houve grande interesse por parte dos idosos; muitos não tinham conhecimento de que as plantas serviam como repelentes naturais, embora já cultivassem algumas delas em seu lar. Houve também troca de conhecimento, quando os idosos compartilharam que estas plantas também eram utilizadas para chás e temperar alimentos. Os idosos também aprenderam uma receita de como fazer repelentes naturais caseiros e levaram para casa uma amostra. É possível prevenir a transmissão de doenças virais como DENGUE, ZIKA e CHIKUNGUNYA, por meio da participação ativa de idosos da comunidade, no combate ao mosquito Aedes Aegypti.
ATENDIMENTO DE EXCELÊNCIA NOS CUIDADOS DO IDOSO HOSPITALIZADO: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA EM UM HOSPITAL
Authors: Maciel Mariana De Ávila , Rezende Leonardo Alves , Moreira Sandra Maria Belmonte Pereira , Faria Amanda Marques , Rodrigues Brenda Alves , Rezende Laysa Da Silva
Published: March 2021

O processo de envelhecimento é acompanhado por alterações musculoesqueléticas, cardiovasculares, respiratórias e neurológicas que tornam o idoso mais fragilizado e propenso à hospitalização. O desenvolvimento de delirium (estado confusional agudo) é muito comum durante uma internação e pode ser exacerbado pelo uso de sedativos, infecções, doenças cardíacas, distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos e metabólicos, distúrbios do sistema nervoso central, neoplasias, traumatismos, e mudança de ambiente. Este relato de experiência objetiva descrever a prática vivenciada na implementação do programa de atendimento de excelência nos cuidados do idoso hospitalizado, implantado pela Residência Médica em Geriatria, em parceria com a Residência Multiprofissional do Hospital Estadual de Urgências de Goiânia. A parceria teve início em 2017, com objetivo de reduzir a incidência de delirium, melhorar a qualidade dos atendimentos e da qualidade de vida dos pacientes idosos internados. A equipe foi formada por profissionais residentes médicos, enfermeiros, fisioterapeutas, fonoaudiólogos, nutricionistas, psicólogos, farmacêuticos e profissionais do serviço social, e o programa foi composto por reuniões semanais com discussões de casos clínicos e do manejo do tratamento em cada especialidade dos pacientes admitidos pela equipe. No âmbito da fisioterapia, a avaliação era realizada a cada sete dias com análises da força muscular, equilíbrio, funcionalidade e marcha, e os atendimentos eram mais frequentes com ênfase em mobilização precoce e manutenção/recuperação da funcionalidade prévia à internação. Após a implantação do programa, a assistência ao paciente idoso admitido pela geriatria tornou-se mais humanizada e integral devido à constante comunicação entre a equipe, a detecção, e o tratamento do delirium tornou-se mais precoce frente à vigilância diária de qualquer sinal de delirium, como também de qualquer complicação durante a internação. Esse primeiro ano de programa permitiu constatar a importância do atendimento multiprofissional, como também a comunicação da equipe, na excelência do atendimento do idoso hospitalizado.
Iniciativas de participação na velhice: O caso das comissões de pessoas idosas em estruturas residenciais
Authors: Crispim Ricardo
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo procurará apresentar dados de uma investigação qualitativa, realizada em Portugal em 2019[1], com o objetivo de compreender o potencial e os impactes (sociais e individuais na vida das pessoas idosas) das Comissões de Pessoas Idosas (CPI) e ajustamentos decorrentes da sua aplicação em Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas (ERPI). Os dados apresentados foram recolhidos junto de 12 pessoas idosas e cinco assistentes sociais que residiam e trabalhavam em ERPI, respetivamente.
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF MULTICOLLINEARITY ON LINEAR REGRESSION ESTIMATES.
Authors: Adewoye Kunle Bayo , Rafiu Ayinla Bayo , Aminu Titilope Funmilayo , Onikola Isaac Oluyemi
Published: March 2021

Multicollinearity is a case of multiple regression in which the predictor variables are themselves highly correlated. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of multicollinearity on linear regression estimates. The study was guided by the following specific objectives, (i) to examined the asymptotic properties of estimators and (ii) to compared lasso, ridge, elastic net with ordinary least squares. The study employed Monte-carlo simulation to generate set of highly collinear and induced multicollinearity variables with sample sizes of 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 1000 as a source of data in this research work and the data was analyzed with lasso, ridge, elastic net and ordinary least squares using statistical package. The study findings revealed that absolute bias of ordinary least squares was consistent at all sample sizes as revealed by past researched on multicollinearity as well while lasso type estimators were fluctuate alternately. Also revealed that, mean square error of ridge regression was outperformed other estimators with minimum variance at small sample size and ordinary least squares was the best at large sample size. The study recommended that ols was asymptotically consistent at a specified sample sizes on this research work and ridge regression was efficient at small and moderate sample size.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MACHINE LEARNING FOR PREDICTING MAIZE CROP YIELDS USING MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION AND BACKWARD ELIMINATION
Authors: Fashoto Stephen , Mbunge Elliot , Ogunleye Gabriel , Van den Burg Johan
Published: March 2021

Predicting maize crop yields especially in maize production is paramount in order to alleviate poverty and contribute towards food security. Many regions experience food shortage especially in Africa because of uncertain climatic changes, poor irrigation facilities, reduction in soil fertility and traditional farming techniques. Therefore, predicting maize crop yields helps policymakers to make timely import and export decisions to strengthen national food security. However, none of the published work has been done to predict maize crop yields using machine learning in Eswatini, Africa. This paper aimed at applying machine learning (ML) to predict maize yields for a single season in Eswatini. A ML model was trained and tested using open-source data and local data. This is done by using three different data splits with the open-source predictor data consisting of 48 data points each with 7 attributes and open-source response data consisting of 48 data points each with a single attribute, adjusted R² values were 0.784 (at 70:30), 0.849 (at 80:20), and 0.878 (at 90:10) before being normalized, 1.00 across the board after normalization, and 0.846 (at 70:30), 0.886 (at 80:20), and 0.885 (at 90:10) after backward elimination. At the second attempt, it is done by using the combined predictor data of 68 data points with 7 attributes each and combined response data of 68 data points with a single attribute each, with the same data splits and methods adjusted R² values were 0.966 (at 70:30), 0.972 (at 80:20), and 0.978 (at 90:10) before being normalized, 1.00 across the board after normalization, and 0.967 (at 70:30), 0.973 (at 80:20), and 0.978 (at 90:10) after backward elimination.
La construcción de un indicador de trayectoria ocupacional
Authors: Sautu Ruth , Carrascosa Joaquín , Paredes Diego Alejandro
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este artí­culo es describir un procedimiento para la construcción de uno de los indicadores de la variable trayectoria ocupacional, en el cual se comparan la ocupación desempeñada a los 25 años y la actual (o última en el caso de retirados/jubilados). El estudio en el cual se usará el indicador tiene como objetivo general analizar los procesos de reproducción y cambio ocupacional, en el marco de las clases sociales. Los datos provienen de una encuesta aleatoria multietápica realizada en 2015-2016 entre 1065 miembros de hogares residentes en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA), de la cual se ha seleccionado un subuniverso de mujeres y varones de entre los 35 y 50 años de edad. En el procesamiento de los datos para la construcción del indicador de corte transversal se utilizó el paquete estadí­stico Stata.
Polí­tica de las pedagogí­as en la construcción del oficio. La formación situada de investigadores en ciencias sociales
Authors: Alvaro María Belén , Garino Delfina
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo constituye una instancia de sistematización del devenir de nuestros modos posibles de construir y formar en la investigación social en la etapa avanzada de la carrera de grado de Sociologí­a. Las autoras de este artí­culo somos docentes del área de metodologí­a de las ciencias sociales de la carrera de Sociologí­a en la Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Las indagaciones que se proponen les estudiantes nos interpelan hacia problematizaciones sobre nuestras propias trayectorias, esquemas conceptuales y posicionamientos teórico-polí­ticos, que se consolidan en estos años en el pasaje por un triple giro epistémico cuyas derivas inasibles interpelan y trasmutan los modos posibles de hacer el oficio. Desde estos posicionamientos, proponemos reflexionar sobre cómo se transmite un hacer, en un ejercicio constante de vigilancia epistemológica, que reconozca provisionalmente un sistema de esquemas siempre-en-permanente-sospecha, y sobre la construcción de una idea de validez que implica una doble rigurosidad, que es de coherencia interna y validación teórico-polí­tica externa.