bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Migration: Profiling Residential Mobility across Two Decades
Authors: Tolbert Charles M. , Blanchard Troy C. , Irwin Michael D.
Published: July 2017

The demography of a local population is a central aspect of applied social science research. Although birth and death rates influence a population, the key contributing factor influencing the demographics of a locality is almost always internal migration—the movement of persons between U.S. regions, states, and localities. Current definitions of internal migration used by the U.S. Census Bureau are limited because confidentiality restrictions require that detailed current and former place of residence geographic information be suppressed in publicly available files. In this paper we report the results of our work with confidential versions of the 1990 and 2000 decennial census microdata to develop an improved measurement of migration in order to develop a profile of internal migration in the United States. We perform our analysis for two contrasting time periods, 1985–1990 and 1995–2000. Our interest here is to assess the stability of the profile of migrants during a time period of economic contraction and expansion. Using confidential internal versions of the 1990 and 2000 Census long-form microdata, we estimate logistic models of the likelihood that individuals will migrate. The geographic detail in the internal Census data permits us to measure migration in ways that are not possible with public-domain Census data on persons. We develop migration definitions that distinguish between local residential mobility likely associated with life course transitions from migration out of the labor market area that may be driven more by employment and other socioeconomic considerations. Using logistic modeling, we find that the same individual attributes predict migration reasonably well during both periods. We also compute some illustrative probabilities of migration that show temporal stability in migration predictors could be lessened by certain changes in population composition.
Emotional Dimensions of Conducting Research in Disaster Settings: A Note on Social Psychological Considerations
Authors: Bevc Christine A.
Published: July 2017

In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, disaster research witnessed a convergence of researchers from the social sciences in disciplinary and multidisciplinary teams. National Science Foundation grants funded significant numbers of teams to address topics related to the event and the emotional responses of its impact. Research on disaster mental health is not a new field of study, and research has demonstrated the devastating psychological and mental health effects of disasters; however, the literature focuses predominantly on assisting victims and survivors, with substantially less literature related to the potential social psychological and emotional impacts related to research conducting intense field studies. This essay discusses the emotional dimensions of conducting disaster research by using classic and contemporary social psychological theories to explore how researchers deal with and/or negotiate the potential role conflict and the emotional dimensions of their fieldwork.
Sociology’s Icebergs
Authors: Finkelstein Marv
Published: July 2017

This article explores sociology’s continued vulnerability as a discipline in the context of global, economic, and workplace change. Recent data suggest that a majority of sociology graduates will continue to pursue jobs and careers outside of academia, though they all express misgivings about whether they are prepared to do so. Moreover, there has been a precipitous decline in the number of academic jobs in sociology while the number of non-academic jobs has actually increased. Regardless, new sociology PhDs expect to find jobs in academia. In the aftermath of the “great recession” of the past decade, the changing nature of employment, jobs, careers, and the workplace is likely to continue to challenge sociology’s ability to provide graduates with clear pathways toward success in a competitive global economy. In short, the discipline may be headed in a perilous direction, particularly regarding its future graduates. The article suggests ways that academic sociology might change course and better serve its students and its institutional role in higher education. The central goal will be to suggest how applied concepts regarding employment and workplace change in the global economy may be integrated into the curriculum.
Sociology
Authors: Hirsch Michael L.
Published: July 2017

Sociological careers vary widely within and outside of the academy. The decision to pursue a sociological career and the path the career takes are influenced by extraneous variables. This address is a retrospective look at the 2011 Association of Applied and Clinical Sociology (AACS) president’s sociological career from the rise of the actable idea to his speech at the 2011 AACS conference.
Investigation of drilling in fibre-reinforced plastics using response surface methodology
Authors: Kishore R A , Tiwari R , Rakesh P K , Singh I , Bhatnagar N
Published: July 2017

The continued expansion of fibre-reinforced plastics (FRPs) into non-specialist markets depends on the creation of high-quality products using cost-effective production techniques. The assembly of complex FRP products requires the drilling of the FRP, however, currently there tends to be substantial damage to the FRP area around the hole. A number of methodologies have been adopted to minimize this drilling-induced damage. There is a strong ambiguity regarding how the operating parameters affect the cutting forces and thus the drilling-induced damage. The present investigation focuses on the geometry of the drill point as a candidate parameter that influences the drilling-induced damage. The experimental results suggest a strong relationship between the geometry of the drill point and the drilling-induced damage.
Product line selection and pricing under modular composition choices and inventory pooling strategy
Authors: Dong M , Yang D , Wang C-X , Shao X-F
Published: July 2017

Modularity is widely adopted in manufacturing industry as an effective method to balance market pressure for low prices and customer demand pressure for high product variety. Modular design can help to achieve high product variety easily and cheaply by altering different options for one component of the product. An effective inventory strategy is also important for reducing total cost. Under the inventory cost constraint, when the product variety is high, the inventory level of each kind of product will be relatively low and stock-out probability is likely to be high. On the other hand, the manufacturer who offers a product line with low product variety may face the problem of losing customers. In this paper, the problem of product line selection and pricing is studied. The impact of inventory pooling strategy and set-up cost on the product line selection and pricing is considered by proposing a mixed integer programme optimization model. The experimental results show that the proposed model and algorithm are effective.
A process model and method of idea generation for conceptual design
Authors: Ma G-L , Li Y , Li W-Q , Pan P-Y
Published: July 2017

Conceptual design is the most creative stage in the product design process. This paper studies the idea generation process and the representation of design knowledge at the conceptual design stage and proposes an idea generation process model and a design unit model. Based on this and through analysing both conscious thought and the subconscious this paper proposes a mechanism of product idea generation, which has three types of cognition stimulation: extension stimulation, analogy stimulation, and mutation stimulation. Through exploring design methods and tools for implementing cognition stimulation, a conceptual design method is constructed, which focuses on carrying out the mechanism of idea generation. This method embodies in a systematic and effective manner the cognitive process and characteristics of the designer, incorporates product design knowledge, and assists the designer to generate a comprehensive conceptual design proposal. An example is presented to illustrate the principles of the proposed method. The process model and method proposed here should act as a basis for future research on computer-aided conceptual design.
Developing a radio frequency identification-based weedicide manufacturing process
Authors: Han H W , Chang Y S , Choi M R
Published: July 2017

Wireless identification technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID) or barcodes are becoming more critical tools for efficient data collection by managing products individually. However, in order to maximize the full advantage of those technologies, it is important to utilize the additional attributes of a product beside the unique identification number. This paper presents an RFID-based weedicide manufacturing process. The research was carried out using a case study in a manufacturing company that produces agricultural chemicals (i.e. weedicide). This paper provides a simulation analysis of a new process which shows improvement of the cycle time and reduction in the waste of boxes.
A multiple-logistic-objective-optimized manufacturing planning and control system
Authors: Scholz-Reiter B , Windt K , Liu Huaxin
Published: July 2017

A multiple-logistic-objective-optimized (MLOO) manufacturing planning and control approach is developed in an attempt to optimize the logistics objectives of a short throughput time, a low work in process, and high schedule reliability. The proposed approach also needs to effectively cope with disturbances including internal disturbances (equipment failure, rework, etc.) and external disturbances (variations in demand patterns, unsatisfied raw material delivery, etc.). This paper focuses on make-to-order manufacturing systems with routing flexibility. Simulation experiments are conducted using industrial data in order to compare the MLOO approach with several existing methods. The simulation results indicate that MLOO is able to optimize the target logistics objectives and effectively cope with disturbances.
Numerical study on the effect of the frequency and amplitude of the tool on the material removal rate in ultrasonic-assisted electrical discharge machining
Authors: Shervani-Tabar M T , Shabgard M R
Published: July 2017

This paper investigates the effects on the rate of material removal of the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration of the tool used in ultrasonic-assisted electrical discharge machining. It is shown that increases in the amplitude and frequency of the tool vibration increase the rate of pressure drop inside the bubble and consequently increase the rate of pressure drop on the surface of the workpiece. The latter facilitates the escape of the molten material from the crater and consequently increases the rate of material removal from the workpiece.
Understanding the use of contextual cues: design implications for medication adherence technologies that support remembering
Authors: Stawarz Katarzyna , Rodríguez Marcela D , Cox Anna L , Blandford Ann
Published: July 2017

Objective

Forgetfulness is one of the main reasons of unintentional medication non-adherence. Adherence technologies that help people remember to take their medications on time often do not take into account the context of people’s everyday lives. Existing evidence that highlights the effectiveness of remembering strategies that rely on contextual cues is largely based on research with older adults, and thus it is not clear whether it can be generalized to other populations or used to inform the design of wider adherence technologies that support medication self-management. Understanding how younger populations currently remember medications can inform the design of future adherence technologies that take advantage of existing contextual cues to support remembering.

Methods

We conducted three surveys with a total of over a thousand participants to investigate remembering strategies used by different populations: women who take oral contraception, parents and carers who give antibiotics to their children, and older adults who take medications for chronic conditions.

Results

Regardless of the population or the type of regimen, relying on contextual cues—routine events, locations, and meaningful objects—is a common and often effective strategy; combinations of two or more types of cues are more effective than relying on a single cue.

Conclusions

To effectively support remembering, adherence technologies should help users recognize contextual cues they already have at their disposal and reinforce relevant cues available in their environment. We show that, given the latest developments in technology, such support is already feasible.
Kinematic characteristics of infant leg movements produced across a full day
Authors: Trujillo-Priego Ivan A , Smith Beth A
Published: July 2017

Introduction

Our purpose is to directly measure variability in infant leg movement behavior in the natural environment across a full day. We recently created an algorithm to identify an infant-produced leg movement from full-day wearable sensor data from infants with typical development between one and 12 months of age. Here we report the kinematic characteristics of their leg movements produced across a full day.

Methods

Wearable sensor data were collected from 12 infants with typical development for 8–13 h/day. A wearable sensor was attached to each ankle and recorded triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope measurements at 20 Hz. We determined the duration, average acceleration, and peak acceleration of each leg movement and classified its type (unilateral, bilateral synchronous, bilateral asynchronous).

Results

There was a range of leg movement duration (0.23–0.33 s) and acceleration (average 1.59–3.88 m/s2, peak 3.10–8.83 m/s2) values produced by infants across visits. Infants predominantly produced unilateral and asynchronous bilateral movements. Our results collected across a full day are generally comparable to kinematic measures obtained by other measurement tools across short periods of time.

Conclusion

Our results describe variable full-day kinematics of leg movements across infancy in a natural environment. These data create a reference standard for the future comparison of infants at risk for developmental delay.
Effects of energy drinks on biochemical and sperm parameters in Wistar rats
Authors: Schuchowsky Eduardo , Schaefer David , Salvador Rafael Alonso , do Nascimento Anna Elisa , Til David , Senn Alfred Paul , Amaral Vera Lucia Lângaro
Published: July 2017

Background

The present study evaluates the effects of energy drinks on the reproductive and biochemical parameters of adult male rats.

Methods

A total of 40 male rats (Wistar) were exposed to an energy drink mixed with the drinking water for a period of 120 days. The animals were divided into four groups and exposed to increasing therapeutic doses (DT) of an energy drink, based on allometric extrapolation, resulting in values (mL/day) per animal of 250 g: DT1 2.36 mL, DT3 7.47 mL, and DT6 14.16 mL. The control group (CTRL) consumed water only. During the treatment, the rats were assessed for signs of toxicity. After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and their organs were weighed. Sperm parameters (motility, concentration, and morphology) were evaluated. The biochemical markers alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, urea, creatinine, creatine phosphokinase, and creatine kinase MB fraction were measured, in addition to total cholesterol and testosterone.

Results

There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the concentration of sperm in the treated groups (DT1 8.5 ± 0.7; DT3 7.2 ± 0.9; DT6 8.4 ± 0.9) compared to the control group (12.3 ± 1.2). No difference was observed with respect to relative weights of the animals’ organs, water consumption, signs of toxicity, behavioral changes, biochemical markers, and sperm motility and morphology.

Conclusion

The long-term consumption of energy drinks interferes negatively with sperm concentration, without affecting sperm motility and morphology or altering the hepatic, cardiac, or renal functions.
Attenuation compensation in anisotropic least-squares reverse time migration
Authors: Qu Yingming , Huang Jianping , Li Zhenchun , Guan Zhe , Li Jinli
Published: July 2017

Anisotropic and attenuating properties of subsurface media cause amplitude loss and waveform distortion in seismic wave propagation, resulting in negative influence on seismic imaging. To correct the anisotropy effect and compensate amplitude attenuation, a compensated-amplitude vertical transverse isotropic (VTI) least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) method is adopted. In this method, the attenuation term of an attenuated acoustic wave equation is extended to a VTI quasi-differential wave equation, which takes care of effects from anisotropy and attenuation. The finite-difference method is used to solve the equation, in which attenuation terms are solved in the wavenumber domain, and other terms are solved in the space or wavenumber domain. Stable regularization operators are derived and introduced to the equations to eliminate severe numerical noise in high-frequency components during backward propagation. Meanwhile, a demigration operator, migration operator, and gradient formula for attenuated VTI media are derived to implement the amplitude-compensated VTI LSRTM. Test of a homogeneous model proves the accuracy of the attenuated VTI quasi-differential equations and the effectiveness of the regularization operators. A numerical example for a modified Marmousi model verifies the accuracy and superiority to the amplitude-compensated VTI LSRTM. Our results show that the sensitivity to anisotropic parameters is much higher than that to the [Formula: see text] parameters.
Hexarelin, a Growth Hormone Secretagogue, Improves Lipid Metabolic Aberrations in Nonobese Insulin-Resistant Male MKR Mice
Authors: Mosa Rasha , Huang Lili , Wu Yeda , Fung Chungyan , Mallawakankanamalage Oshini , LeRoith Derek , Chen Chen
Published: July 2017

Despite the occurrence of dyslipidemia and its contribution to the development of insulin resistance in obese subjects, a growing number of studies have described abnormal lipid profiles among leaner persons. For example, individuals with an abnormal paucity or distribution of fat (lipodystrophy) develop severe insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. Deranged adipocyte metabolism and differentiation contribute to ectopic fat deposition and consequent development of insulin resistance. Growth hormone (GH) therapy has been shown to correct body composition abnormalities in some lipodystrophy patients. However, little is known about the effects of GH-releasing peptides in this regard. Hexarelin, a GH secretagogue, has recently been shown to have beneficial effects on fat metabolism via the CD36 receptor. In this study, the effects of twice daily intraperitoneal injections of hexarelin (200 μg/kg body weight) were examined in nonobese insulin-resistant MKR mice and corresponding wild-type FVB mice for 12 days. Hexarelin treatment significantly improved glucose and insulin intolerance and decreased plasma and liver triglycerides in MKR mice. These beneficial metabolic effects could be due to the improved lipid metabolism and enhanced adipocyte differentiation of white adipose tissue with hexarelin treatment. Interestingly, although food intake of hexarelin-treated MKR mice was significantly increased, this did not change total body weight. Moreover, hexarelin treatment corrected the abnormal body composition of MKR mice, as demonstrated by a decrease in fat mass and an increase in lean mass. Our results suggest a possible application of hexarelin in treatment of lipid disorders associated with the metabolic syndrome.
Esmolol Administration to Control Tachycardia in an Ovine Model of Peritonitis
Authors: Hosokawa Koji , Su Fuhong , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Post Emiel Hendrik , Pereira Adriano José , Herpain Antoine , Creteur Jacques , Vincent Jean-Louis
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

Excessive adrenergic signaling may be harmful in sepsis. Using β-blockers to reduce sympathetic overactivity may modulate sepsis-induced cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic, and coagulation alterations. Using a randomized ovine fecal peritonitis model, we investigated whether administration of a short-acting β-blocker, esmolol, could control tachycardia without deleterious effects on hemodynamics, renal perfusion, cerebral perfusion, cerebral metabolism, or outcome.

METHODS:

After induction of fecal peritonitis, 14 anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and hemodynamically monitored adult female sheep were randomly assigned to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of esmolol to control heart rate between 80 and 100 bpm (n = 7) or a saline infusion (control group, n = 7). Esmolol was discontinued when the mean arterial pressure decreased below 60 mm Hg. Fluid resuscitation was titrated to maintain pulmonary artery occlusion pressure at baseline values. Left renal blood flow and cerebral cortex perfusion and metabolism were monitored in addition to standard hemodynamic variables.

RESULTS:

Esmolol was infused for 11 (9–14) hours; the target heart rate (80–100 bpm) was achieved between 3 and 8 hours after feces injection. In the first 5 hours after the start of the infusion, the decrease in heart rate was compensated by an increase in stroke volume index; later, stroke volume index was not statistically significantly different in the 2 groups, so that the cardiac work index was lower in the esmolol than in the control group. Hypotension (mean arterial pressure <60 mm Hg) occurred earlier (10 [8–12] vs 14 [11–20] hours; P= .01) in the esmolol group than in the control animals. Renal blood flow decreased earlier in the esmolol group, but there were no differences in urine output, cerebral cortex perfusion, metabolism, or survival between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this ovine model of abdominal sepsis, early control of tachycardia by esmolol was associated with a transient increase in stroke volume, followed by earlier hypotension. There were no significant effects of esmolol on cerebral perfusion, metabolism, urine output, or survival.
Anatomical and MR correlative study of the proximal sciatic nerve vasculature
Authors: Larkman Neal , Lefebvre Guillaume , Jacques Thibault , Demondion Xavier , Cotten Hervé , Cotten Anne
Published: July 2017

Objective:

The aim of our study is to demonstrate that increased T  2 signal on MRI could be due to intraneural vessels in asymptomatic individuals, and may therefore be a normal finding.

Methods:

An initial anatomic cadaveric study was undertaken to gain a better understanding of the vascular supply of the proximal sciatic nerve. Secondly, a retrospective study of MR imaging of patients without sciatic symptoms was performed to assess the prevalence of intraneural vessels, defined as hyperintensity on at least three consecutive slices on both T  2 and gadolinium enhanced T1 weighted imaging, visible on routine MSK pelvic imaging.

Results:

The anatomical study demonstrated a relatively abundant blood supply in the peri-ischiatic region. In the MR study, 20/76 (26%) patients showed visible intraneural vessels. More than one intraneural vessel was depicted in two of the sciatic nerves. Direct branching between the extrinsic and intrinsic systems was seen in only five cases.

Conclusion:

Normal intraneural vessels can frequently be seen within the sciatic nerve on routine musculoskeletal pelvic imaging.

Advances in knowledge:

T  2 hyperintensity in the proximal sciatic nerve can be due to intraneural vessels and should not necessarily be reported as abnormal.
Breast density scales: the metric matters
Authors: Abdolell Mohamed , Tsuruda Kaitlyn M , Brown Peter , Caines Judy S , Iles Sian E
Published: July 2017

Objective:

Measures of percent mammographic density (PMD) are often categorized using various density scales. The purpose of this study was to examine information loss associated with the use of categorical density scales.

Methods:

Baseline PMD was assessed at 1% precision for 2,374 females. The data were used to create 21-category, 4-category and 2-category density scales. R-squared and root mean square error were used to evaluate the effect of categorizing PMD. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curves were compared between cancer risk models employing solely categorical PMD scales and solely baseline PMD for a subset of females (424 cases, 848 controls).

Results:

R-squared value decreased from 1.00 (1% PMD) to 0.56 (2-category scale), while root mean square error increased from 0.00 (1% PMD) to 10.83 (2-category scale). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve decreased from 0.64 for a cancer risk model using 1% PMD to 0.58 for a risk model using a 21-category density scale (p < 0.0001), 0.55 for a 4-category Breast Imaging, Reporting and Data System-like scale (p < 0.0001) and 0.50 for a 2-category Breast Imaging, Reporting and Data System-like scale (high vs low) (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Categorizing PMD measures into categorical density scales leads to a significant loss of information. Indeed, a simple high versus low split of PMD using a 50% cut point yields a cancer risk model with no discriminatory power.

Advances in knowledge:

Use of categorical mammographic density scales rather than continuous percent mammographic density measures leads to significant loss of information. Breast cancer risk models using categorical mammographic density scales perform more poorly than models using continuous PMD measures.
Adrenal cortical hyperplasia: diagnostic workup, subtypes, imaging features and mimics
Authors: Michelle M Agrons , Jensen Corey T , Habra Mouhammed Amir , Menias Christine O , Shaaban Akram M , Wagner-Bartak Nicolaus A , Roman-Colon Alicia M , Elsayes Khaled M
Published: July 2017

Adrenal cortical hyperplasia manifests radiologically as a non-malignant growth, or enlargement, of the adrenal glands, specifically the cortex, although the cortex cannot be definitively identified by conventional imaging. Controlled by the pituitary gland, the adrenal cortex drives critical processes, such as the production of cortisol, mineralocorticoid and sex hormones. Any disruption in the multiple enzymes and hormones involved in these pathways may cause serious or life-threatening symptoms, often associated with anatomical changes in the adrenal glands. Diagnosis and treatment of adrenal cortical hyperplasia requires a thorough clinical evaluation. As imaging has become more robust so has its role in the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal conditions. CT has been the primary modality for adrenal imaging owing to reproducibility, temporal and spatial resolution and broad access. MRI serves a complimentary role in adrenal imaging and can be used to further evaluate indeterminate CT findings or serve as an adjunct tool without the use of ionizing radiation. Ultrasound and fluoroscopy (genitography) are most commonly used in children and foetuses to evaluate congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This article will discuss the clinical presentation, laboratory workup and imaging features of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, both congenital and acquired.
Remote monitoring of land in western Kazakhstan
Authors: Есмагулова  , Esmagulova Bayan , Кошелева  , Kosheleva Olga , Мушаева  , Mushaeva Kermen
Published: July 2017

The article presents the results of the environmental assessment of land in Western Ka-zakhstan, held by decoding high resolution satellite images. The object of investigation is Bokey Orda District of West Kazakhstan region. Decryption is performed by space images QuickBird 2013 1:50 000. Application of space images helped to define the boundaries of the main categories of agricultural land (arable land, grassland, sandy tracts, etc.), set the location of settlements, trans-port infrastructure, as well as to identify the main elements of the hydrographic network (rivers, lakes, estuaries, sors) and mesorelief (sandy hillocks, hill reduction, etc.). It was found that 48.4 % of the Bokey Orda District territory is occupied by agricultural land, 40.7 % - sandy massifs, 10.8 % of the land area are various negative mesorelief – saline depression, estuaries, bitter-salty lakes. The data on land grounds allowed assessing the ecological status of the territory at a rate of anthropo-genic stress that for lands of Bokey Orda District is 3.3 points, which corresponds to the ecological crisis. The current crisis situation is caused by overgrazing and plowing of virgin lands and is cha-racterized by strong decrease in productivity and loss of stability. Selective economic use and plan-ning of deep land improvement is suggeted. An acute need to implement large-scale sand-control works, restoration of degraded pastures and unproductive lands transfer in adaptive forest agricul-tural landscapes is established. The data on volumes of forest reclamation works to secure the shift-ing sands, held in Bokey Orda District in the period from 2011 to 2013, are presented. It is recom-mended to organize of environmental monitoring using remote sensing data, which will allow timely identification of areas, subjected to degradation processes, and to take appropriate measures to eliminate pockets of desertification in the initial stage.
Technology of timber harvesting with preservation of undergrowth
Authors: Дербин  , Derbin Vasiliy , Дербин  , Derbin Mikhail
Published: July 2017

In recent years, requirements of certification bodies and forestry authorities for developed to felling in terms of the number of undergrowth per unit area are increased. To save the undergrowth and reducing the area of damage to the surface cover cutting areas it is most advisable to use wide-feller bunchers, for example, ЛП-19, МЛ-119, Timberjack 850, John Deere 753J, John Deere 759J, etc.. Number of undergrowth largely depends on the development plan of cutting areas development. Known technological schemes are reviewed and analyzed. When hauling packs of trees at one spur track of forest road feller-buncher moves with the rapid moves, which reduce the efficiency of the development of cutting areas as a whole. When hauling trees packs at two spur track of logging roads two fold increase in the length of spur tracks is needed, which greatly increases the effort required to perform logging operations and the cost of production? New technologies for development of cutting areas are presented. In this case, traffic schemes of track feller buncher and skidder are the same as the known technology of timber harvesting without undergrowth preservation. Saving undergrowth is provided by changing the sequence of execution of elements of technological operation for forming full-load for bundles of trees for skidding. Upon developing cutting areas on the proposed technologies processes of formation of full-load skidding bundles of trees is accompanied by a rise of trees above the ground from packs formed by feller bunchers, and transfer them to skidding trails. Performance of skidder is defined. When comparing all the considered schemes to develop cutting areas several factors must be considered: load factor of skidder, distance of idling, duration of stacking trees in the forming device, possible change in the rate of tractor stroke due to the different download.
Organizational and technological features of the use of wood raw material obtained from intermediate felling in the beech forests of the Greater Caucasus
Authors: Яхьяев  , Yakhyaev Aydyn , Абиев  , Abiev Yusif
Published: July 2017

In the farms of the north-eastern slope of the Greater Caucasus wood raw material obtained from intermediate felling, is not fully utilized and is not effective, due to the organizational and technical difficulties of farms. In addressing these issues in 8 directions of the region with a length of 40-50 km 14 intermediate assembly points were organized, which are intended for the collection and temporary storage of wood raw material harvested within a radius of 15-20 km of the forest. Need to establish assembly points is due to the complexity of relief items and the possibility of year-round use of the main roads of regional importance. To ensure uninterrupted timber industry and in full at the assembly point accumulated wood raw material is partially sorted. Processing of harvested wood raw material is planned for timber industry, located near the central region of the main road in the territory of Cuba town. Establishment in the area of the complex is considered justified, since the resource base in the coming years for intermediate, and later for the main use will be more than 100 thousand hectares of forests in the region. In the proposed area for the industrial complex for processing of raw wood there are all the technical and economic prerequisites. Accumulated in the assembly points wood raw material to the point of processing is transported using self-loading lumber carriers of up to 8 meters length, which is associated with a complex terrain conditions and road network in the region. This complex is planned to organize the following process areas: sawmills, parquet and packaging, small-chip technology, processing of technical greenery. In organizing the production sites size and quality characteristics and volumes of each category of harvested wood raw materials are taking into account, as well as the need for forest products in the region and the country as a whole. In the processes it is envisaged to use the most advanced modular processing of wood with the release of standard lumber, wood workpieces of different products, pulp chips, wood greens and products of its processing.
Analysis of the uneven process load from small tool cross-conical cutters of sawing machines
Authors: Таратин  , Taratin Vyacheslav
Published: July 2017

The paper studies the process of uneven load at longitudinal milling by small tool cross-conical cutters of sawing machines. Non-uniformity of process load during milling by specified cutters was quantitatively evaluated by the indicator of the non-uniformity of the technological load during cycle of processing of logs and sawn timbers and wood chips. For small tool cutters, this figure is the ratio of the maximum total length of the cutting edges of cutters to the average length of their cutting edges simultaneously participating in a cutting cycle for processing of wood (turnover of cutters). Butt-tapered (conical) small tool cutters were conventionally considered as a discrete set of stepped cylindrical cutters, i.e. as often case of small tool cutter. The process of interaction of cutters with the wood for its processing cycle was divided into four zones (periods): I zone – time of insertion off all cutters of the group into the timber; II zone – the period of all cutters and serial outputs of them from the timber; III zone – period of successive outputs of cutters from wood; IV zone – period of approach of neighboring group cutters. The size and relative orientation of the time of these zones in the steady cutting defines the different nature of the interaction of cutters with the wood with varying intensity of process load. Mathematical relationships of these zones and taking it into account – dependence of the definition of the index of uneven process load per cycle of wood processing were obtained, calculations were made and a number of parameters cutters were substantiated. The effect on the rate of uneven width, height, milling, as well as the angle of rotation of cutters in the center plane of milling cutter was defined.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the level of innovation infrastructure saturation of regional economy
Authors: Колесниченко  , Kolesnichenko Elena , Бугаков  , Bugakov Vladimir , Гузеева  , Guzeeva Olga
Published: July 2017

The article investigates the importance of innovation infrastructure in developing areas. A content analysis of the categories of "infrastructure" has shown that the main purpose of creating infrastructure is to create conditions for the development of enterprises. From the standpoint of the process approach, a model of interaction of the primary process and infrastructure support is suggested, allowed us to estimate the infrastructure in relation to the resources available to meet the needs of the primary process. These circumstances led to the conclusion of the inseparability of infrastructure from activities. Particular attention is paid to the infrastructure, ensuring the development of innovation - innovation infrastructure, including determining its place in the overall infrastructure of the territory. The main subjects of innovation infrastructure are: technopolis, clusters, business accelerators, business incubators, technology parks, industrial parks, and nanotechnology- innovation and technology centers, etc. The diversity of the subjects of innovation infrastructure determines the relevance of the subjects to determine the adequacy of a particular ter-ritory and the choice of appropriate to the formation and (or) development. The article presents the results of an analytical study to determine the degree of saturation of regions with objects of innovation infrastructure. To determine the degree of saturation of objects of innovative infrastructure, territories used indicator of “concentration of innovation infrastructure entities, defined as the ratio of the elements of the innovation infrastructure in the region, and the maximum number of elements of the innovation infrastructure”. The analysis showed that the majority of the analyzed regions of Russia have almost all the objects of innovation infrastructure, but some objects of innovative structures are absent in many regions: there are no business accelerator in Belgorod, Lipetsk, Tambov, Nizhny Novgorod, Kemerovo, Chelyabinsk and Leningrad regions, Republic of Bashkortostan, in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Territory – Yugra. Technopolises exist in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Tambov, Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Leningrad Region, the Republic of Tatarstan.
Improving the technology of glued wooden structures with increased support zones
Authors: Лисятников  , Lisyatnikov Mikhail
Published: July 2017

Article is devoted to the design and manufacturing of high laminated wooden beams with the definition of the boundaries of the gain maximum stressed zones adhesive oligomer based on carbon nanotubes (CNT). The use of high glulam beams with a ratio h/b≥6 construction in areas with large and technologically snow-loads of a new development related to the development of the northern territories. One of the ways to increase the operational reliability of glulam beam structures is to enhance support areas, which increases the strength characteristics and resistance to shearing and tensile stresses.
Promising designs multipurpose cultivator to slopes with automatic corrected biometric control system lateral stability
Authors: Туровский  , Turovskiy Yaroslav , Кургалин  , Kurgalin Sergey , Лысыч  , Lysych Mikhail
Published: July 2017

The authors propose the concept of a control system based on the creation of avated biometric corrected neural network control system implemented on the basis tillage machines and tractors unit capable to function effectively within the system.For this approach, it is planned to develop a software system that provides for tracking the behavior of machine and tractor unit operator in real time. The resulting data will be fed to the input of artificial neural networks of different topologies.
Model to calculate loading of transmission elements at controlled curvilinear motion of the tracked timber harvesting machine
Authors: Клубничкин  , Klubnichkin Evgeniy , Клубничкин  , Klubnichkin Vladislav , Запруднов  , Zaprudnov Vyacheslav , Бухтояров  , Bukhtoyarov Leonid
Published: July 2017

This paper offers a model of loading of the transmission elements at controlled curvilinear motion of the tracked timber harvesting machine. This model is based on evaluation of the effect of the external and internal factors on the loading of the tracked machine transmission. The main loads in the transmission result from the external action of the ground contacting area during the vehicle movement.
Simulation of management systems of forest infrastructure
Authors: Васильев  , Vasilyev Oleg , Корныльева  , Kornylyeva Yuliya
Published: July 2017

The article considers the possibility of a modern and rapidly developing management tools – simulation, allows to obtain detailed statistics on various aspects of the system, depending on the input data. The basic modeling approaches: system dynamics, discrete-event simulation, and agent-based modeling. Forestry breeding and seed center problem to be solved with the help of simulation are substantiated. Examples of problems in other areas of forestry, which can be solved with the help of this tool, are given.
HYDROGEN ENERGETICS AND MODERN TRANSPORT
Authors: Григорян  , Grigoryan A. , Абу-Ниджим  , Abu-Nidzhim R. , Фомин  , Fomin V.
Published: July 2017

World experience of practical introduction of hydrogen energetics in sphere of automobile technologies is analyzed. Possibility of stage-by-stage development of researches in the field of hydrogen transport energetics of Russia is discussed
APPLICATION OF PINCH ANALYSIS TO STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION MOTOR VEHICLES
Authors: Агапов  , Agapov D.
Published: July 2017

The work carried out by the use of the main provisions of pinch analysis to road transport
THE FORCING OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINES
Authors: Клушин  , Klushin A. , Горчаков  , Gorchakov Yuriy
Published: July 2017

One of ways of speeding up of engines is increasing of density of a fresh charge. Density of a charge can be increased by pressurization, by addition of an oxidizer in an engine power supply system - as such oxidizer N2О nitrous oxide - and by direct use of thermal energy of the fulfilled gases can serve in the engine. Three ways of speeding up of automobile engines are considered. Recommendations about use of ways of speeding up of engines are given in standard engines.
MAIN PROBLEMS OF URBAN ELEKTROBUS APPLICATION
Authors: Прядкин  , Pryadkin Vladimir , Бычков  , Bychkov Vladimir , Романов  , Romanov V.
Published: July 2017

The analysis of the using electric buses feasibility as a promising urban transport can significantly improve the environmental situation in the settlements. However, environmental and socio-economic aspects of the widespread use of electric buses require further consideration.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DEFROSTING PROCESS OF LOOSE CARGO IN CARS USING COMPUTER MODELLING METHOD
Authors: Дженчако  , Dzhenchako V.
Published: July 2017

With the use of computer modeling method, we studied the influence of factors on the weight remains of the cargo in the car after the warm-up and unloading the rotary car dumpers. Construct a dendrogram and developed a regression model, characterizing the quality of heating. Completed computer simulation of the joint influence of factors on the weight remnants of the cargo in the car
EXPRESS-METHOD OF STEERING DIAGNOSING ON ARTICULATED MACHINE
Authors: Коробко  , Korobko A. , Назарько  , Nazarko O. , Радченко  , Radchenko Yu. , Подригало  , Podrigalo M.
Published: July 2017

Proposed express-method of diagnosing of steering on articulated machine, which allows testing with a minimum expenditure of time and material resources. The proposed method is based on the method of partial accelerations. Carried out a normalization diagnostic index.
SELECTION IMPROVED CRITERIA AND PERFORMANCE CAR´S DRIVING CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Тарасов  , Tarasov Yu. , Подригало  , Podrigalo M.
Published: July 2017

This article presents the selection criteria and enhanced characteristics for dynamic testing of cars, which allow a more accurate assessment of the vehicles
TO THE QUESTION OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PARKING OF CARS
Authors: Яковлев  , Yakovlev Konstantin , Будковая  , Budkovaya Irina
Published: July 2017

Main types of the automobile mechanized parking’s are given. The main merits and demerits of parking’s are considered. Necessary conditions for development of an automobile parking in close proximity to a residential zone are generalized.
SIMULATION OF OIL SPILLS IN THE DESTRUCTION OF THE PIPELINE DURING TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Гильманов  , Gilmanov S. , Ишмухаметова  , Ishmukhametova A.
Published: July 2017

The paper considers one of the approaches to the modeling of spill liquid viscous hydrocarbons, followed by pressureless infiltration into the soil in the approximation of "shallow water"
EVALUATION OF THE SAFETY OF PASSENGER TRANSPORT
Authors: Колупаева  , Kolupaeva P. , Гаваев  , Gavaev A.
Published: July 2017

This paper presents the initial results of research aimed at improving traffic safety through the prevention of violations of traffic rules by drivers of buses and minibus vehicles on the streets of the city of Tyumen.
TWO-WAY ENERGY-ABSORBING CAB SUPPORT OF LOGGING MACHINE
Authors: Скобцов  , Skobtsov I.
Published: July 2017

This article deals with the way of increasing energy absorption capacity of forest machine cabin Roll-Over Protective Structure, that’s provides operator’s protection during an accidental rollover
SET OF IMPERATIVES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIC ENTERPRISES IN RUSSIA
Authors: Нестеров  , Nesterov Sergey , Безрукова  , Bezrukova Tatyana , Печерская  , Pecherskaya Olga
Published: July 2017

The article presents the imperatives of development of transport and logistics enterprises, conclusions about the organization of the transport and logistics process
PROSPECTS AND ALTERNATIVES OF DEVELOPMENT OF POWER IN RUSSIA
Authors: Безрукова  , Bezrukova Tatyana , Шаталова  , Shatalova Yu.
Published: July 2017

In article the main prospects of development of solar power in Russia and the world are stated
INFORMATIONAL SOURCES FOR VEHICLE OPERATION INTELLIGENTUAL CONTROL
Authors: Власов  , Vlasov A. , Заяц  , Zayats Yu.
Published: July 2017

The article describes the formation means of vehicle operating regimes and their necessity for identifying a vehicle lifetime, its units, components, systems and parts
TO THE PROBLEM OF METHODS MANAGEMENT DECISIONS CHOICE IN
Authors: Новикова  , Novikova Tatyana
Published: July 2017

The article considers the problem of the methods making management choice, proposed a scheme that delimits and visualize the main decision-making methods
MANAGEMENT OF REFORMING OF POWER INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Шаталова  , Shatalova Yu. , Безрукова  , Bezrukova Tatyana
Published: July 2017

In article results of reforming of power industry are analyzed
TO THE QUESTION OF THE CHOICE OF RATIONAL METHOD OF REPAIR PARTS WELDING AND COATING
Authors: Кадырметов  , Kadyrmetov Anvar , Бухтояров  , Bukhtoyarov Vladimir
Published: July 2017

Methods of welding and plasma spraying, their advantages and disadvantages. The features of application of pulse modulation during spraying and cladding, as well as the prospects of its application
TECHNOLOGY OF PROCESSING OF ALUMINUM PARTS CAR TO MICRO AND NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Агеев  , Agyeyev YEvgyeniy , Алтухов  , Altukhov A. , Новиков  , Novikov E.
Published: July 2017

The technology of recycling aluminum car parts, allowing to obtain a powder with a particle size of from nano- to microfractions. The phase composition of aluminum powder obtained by electroerosive dispergating
Silvicultural and dendroclimatic analysis of plantations Gmelin larch western part of the Putoran plateau
Authors: Матвеев  , Matveev Sergey , Гупалов  , Gupalov Dmitriy
Published: July 2017

The results of the silvicultural analysis of characteristics and condition of Gmelin larch stands and other components phytocoenosis in various site conditions: Larch sphagnum-ledum (slopes of the northern and southern exposure) and Larch alder (intermontane site) in the upper reaches of Lama lake (Putorana plateau). In the surveyed stands dominated by trees 150-200 years old. Plantings on the northern slopes are in satisfactory sanitary condition, stable, perform basic environmental functions. Sanitary condition of stands on the slopes of southern exposure - is not satisfactory.