bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Wild Food Plants of Himachal Pradesh in Boosting Immunity to Combat COVID-19
Authors: Sen Tara Devi
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to document wild food plants usefulness in boosting immunity, fighting COVID-19 and other related viruses. The study also examined the diversity, distribution, parts used and season of availability of wild food plants that can be useful in boosting immunity to fight COVID-19.
Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in Himachal Pradesh (300 22' 40" to 330 12' 40" N Latitudes and 750 45' 55" to 790 04' 20" E Longitudes) northwest Himalaya from March 2020 to April 2021 by survey, sampling and interviewing knowledgeable persons through a questionnaire for the plants which are traditionally used as tonic and medicine to cure cough, cold and fever. Plants rich in antioxidant, Vitamin A,C and Zn were documented for their potential to boost immunity.
Results: Ninety-five wild edible plants have been documented in this study belonging to forty families and seventy-seven genera. Family Asteraceae is found dominant, represented by 8 species followed by Lamiaceae (7 sp), Rutaceae and Brassicaceae (represented by 6 species each). Among genus, Ficus is found dominant represented by 4 species followed by Amaranthus, Oxalis, Rumex and Citrus (represented by 3 species each). These plants have been documented based on their medicinal and nutritive value like the richness in antioxidants, their ability to act as a body cleanser, cure common cold, cough and fever (Symptom similar to COVID-19) as revealed by a discussion with locals and literature reviews. These plants can be incorporated in our day-to-day life as a food, flavoring agent, or food supplement to boost immunity, fight COVID-19 or future challenges like COVID-19. Traditional knowledge of using these plants is on a sharp decline and their acceptability as a medicinal herb, food plants, or food supplement is the need of the hour to combat present and future challenges of pandemic COVID-19.
Conclusion: Revitalization of our traditional health care and herbal healing with the use of nutritionally important medicinal wild food plants will be helpful to boost immunity and face ongoing and future challenges of pollution, stress, depression and pandemic like COVID-19. This can be done by the addition of documented plants as food and food supplements with some modern twist to our food plate.
Effects of Stocking Density on the Performance Characteristics, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Composition of the Eggs of Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)
Authors: S. O. Aro, , J. O Arogbodo, , M. A. Ahmed , O. F. Ademola
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The aim is to study the effects of stocking density on the performance characteristics, egg quality, and nutrient composition of the eggs of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Subjects and Methods: Two hundred and ninety-six (296) day-old sexed Japanese quails assigned to four different stocking densities (treatments) with four replicates conducted in the rainy season. The groups (I to IV) contained 11, 16, 21, and 26 quails in the approximate sex ratio of 1:1 (male: female) with stock densities 252.20 cm2, 173.43 cm2, 132.10 cm2, and 106.73 cm2/quail respectively. Standard procedures were adopted in data generation, collation and analyses.
Results: The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in weight gain, hen-day production, hen-housed production, total egg /hen, external and internal egg parameters across the treatments. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 2.38 % and lowest mortality (2.27 %) were obtained from group one and compared with those in groups two and three. The highest mortality rate was observed in group IV (12.50 %). The proximate analysis and mineral composition of the eggs recorded the highest values from group I which was also compared with the rest of the groups.
Conclusion: It was concluded that 173.43 cm2 and 132.10 cm2/quail bird compared well with the standard (252.20 cm2/quail bird) and hence could still be adopted in quail farming without compromising their welfare and performance.
Some Ethnomedicinal Plants of Western Himalayas Useful in Making Local Alcoholic Drinks
Authors: Sen Tara Devi , Thakur Tanuja
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The study aims to document use value analysis of some ethnomedicinal plants in LADs preparation.
Subject & Methods: Field data was collected through semi-structured interviews from knowledgeable people. The relative importance of each LADs & plant species useful in making of LADs was assessed by calculating a general Use Value Index (UV general), a current UV (UV current) and a past UV (UV past).Status of cultivation, occurrence and DMR score was also assessed to show additional uses of plants besides their use in  LADs preparation.
Results: Fifty-four plant (H=23, Sh=11, T= 20) species were recorded in present study.  Out of which 30 (Herbs=11, Shrubs =7, Trees=12) belonging to 17 families and 25 genera (Cultivated=5;Wild=16;Both=9)  were  mainly used in making of LHDs. while 24 (Herbs=12, Shrubs=4, Trees=8) belonging to 20 families and 24 genera were used as herbal ingredients according to their availability and preference of local people. LADs were categorized into 7 main types. Among LADs aromatic drinks showed maximum (UVgeneral = 0.8) UVcurrent & effective value (0.4 each). DMR value was highest for Terminalia chebula (26) followed by Bauhinia variegata (25) and Prunus cerasoides (24).
Conclusions: LADs proved to occupy a pivotal role in the traditional culture and social life of indigenous people in past, but traditional knowledge related to processing and utilization of LADs is on sharp decline and is further merge among young generation due to increased literacy, strict law against their production for commercial uses and easy availability of commercial alcoholic drinks even in villages. Some plant and ingredients useful in making LADs have potential nutraceutical and medicinal relevance that are well known by local people. These properties could constitute and contribute an additional socio-economic value for LAD's commercialization, which in turn could promote the local rural economy boost immunity and culinary tourism.
PENYULUHAN DIGITAL MARKETING PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI KELURAHAN CIPONDOH MAKMUR, KECAMATAN CIPONDOH, KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Usino Wendi , Murtiningsih Dewi , Lukito Wibowo Feby
Published: August 2021

Pemanfaatan konsep pemasaran berbasis teknologi digital menjadi harapan bagi usaha kecil dan menengah untuk berkembang menjadi sangat penting. Usaha Kecil dan Menengah dapat menggunakan media sosial sebagai sarana digital marketing. Selain biaya yang murah, media sosial dianggap mampu untuk secara langsung meraih konsumen. Pemasaran digital merupakan sarana untuk memperkenalkan produk melalui media digital. Perkembangan dunia digital saat ini sedang trend dan menjadi kebutuhan di semua kalangan. Banyaknya UKM yang masih mengalami kesulitan dalam proses pemasaran produk menjadi kendala dalam pengembangan usahanya. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk Meningkatkan kemampuan dan pengetahuan usaha kecil dan menengah melalui digital marketing untuk memasarkan produk yang lebih luas sehingga penjualan bisa meningkat; Meningkatkan kemampuan pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah dalam mengembangkan usahanya melalui digital marketing; Mengenal lebih jauh Universitas Budi Luhur kepada warga di lingkungan Universitas Budi Luhur.
RESOLUSI KONFLIK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA MELALUI PENDEKATAN SEKOLAH SAMPAH
Authors: Tanjung Dahri , Kriswantriyono Agit , Puspadewi Wulandari Yulia , Fajriyah Nataayu Pepy
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK

Kelurahan Kebalen Kecamatan Babelan Kabupaten Bekasi merupakan wilayah dengan tipologi perkotaan, penduduk padat dengan permasalahan sampah yang masif. Keberadaan tumpukan sampah di tepi jalan, pinggiran sungai hingga di tempat pembuangan sampah sementara (TPSS) yang berstatus liar telah menimbulkan konflik antar warga. Untuk itu diperkenalkan pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat sebagai solusi konflik penanganan sampah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan (1) mengkaji permasalahan pengelolaan sampah di wilayah Kelurahan Kebalen; (2) mengkaji model resolusi konflik pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat; (3) mengkaji peran Sekolah sampah sebagai sebuah resolusi konflik penanganan sampah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode kaji tindak. Hasil pemetaan menunjukkan permasalahan pengelolaan sampah antara lain kesadaran masyarakat rendah, tidak ada kegiatan pengelolaan sampah. penegakan hukum yang lemah, serta belum ada kader/lembaga penggerak. Rekomendasinya adalah menerapkan sekolah sampah sebagai medium pendidikan masyarakat dalam membentuk kesadaran terhadap lingkungan. Implementasi sekolah sampah telah membawa dampak positif berupa peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah, komitmen dalam pengelolaan sampah bersama melalui bank sampah, peningkatan kualitas lingkungan, serta adanya dampak ekonomi berupa produk olahan sampah dan tabungan sampah.
DAMPAK KENAKALAN REMAJA TERHADAP KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI
Authors: Advitri Febriani Gabriela
Published: August 2021

Pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi belum memadai. Survei yang dilakukan pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan bahwa 50% remaja putera dan 30% remaja puteri mengaku pernah melakukan hubungan seks pra nikah. Fenomena ini cukup mengkhawatirkan apabila dikaitkan dengan kesehatan reproduksi remaja tersebut yang tentu saja salah satunya membawa pengaruh terhadap kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia di masa depan. Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan kesadaran kepada remaja tentang dampak dari kenakalan remaja khususnya bagi kesehatan reproduksi sehingga diharapkan terjadi perubahan perilaku ke arah positif. Bentuk kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini berupa penyuluhan yang dilakukan secara daring pada bulan Januari 2021 dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 42 remaja putera dan puteri yang berasal dari Kota Singkawang dan luar Kota Singkawang. Metode penyuluhan yang digunakan yaitu ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi. Hasil penyuluhan yang dilakukan pada 42 remaja tersebut, sebagian besar belum mengetahui tentang dampak kenakalan remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi seperti seks pra nikah, kehamilan tidak diinginkan, aborsi  yang tidak aman dan pernikahan di usia muda yang akan membawa pada masalah kesehatan fisik dan psikososial remaja tersebut
Too Hot to Work: Assessing the Threats Climate Change Poses to Outdoor Workers
Authors:   Union of Concerned Scientists, Dahl Kristina , Licker Rachel
Published: August 2021

Outdoor workers face severe risks from extreme heat—risks that will increasingly threaten the health and livelihood of tens of millions of outdoor workers in the United States as climate change makes dangerously hot days more frequent and intense. With economic and legal systems that routinely discount their lives and safety, workers who experience heat-related injuries or illnesses on the job have little to no recourse. By midcentury, with no action to reduce global warming emissions, an estimated $37.1 billion in outdoor workers’ earnings would be at risk annually due to extreme heat. Even with bold action to limit emissions, outdoor workers will face severe and rising risks from extreme heat. Policymakers and employers must take actions to protect outdoor workers.
Do hidroavião ao automóvel: a experiência da modernidade em Luís Correia (PI) na década de 1930
Authors: Baptista Marcus Pierre de Carvalho , Nascimento Francisco de Assis de Sousa , Baptista Elisabeth Mary de Carvalho
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como a experiência da modernidade, na década de 1930, provocou transformações no cotidiano de Luís Correia com a chegada do hidroavião e do automóvel à pequena cidade litorânea. As principais fontes analisadas foram os Almanaques da Parnaíba, publicados no decorrer dos anos 1930, na cidade de Parnaíba, vizinha a Luís Correia. Durante a década de 1930, a experiência da modernidade, assim como nas décadas anteriores, provocou modificações, tendo em vista os maquinários modernos que se integraram ao cotidiano dos sujeitos que viviam na localidade – no caso, o hidroavião e os automóveis –, por questões econômicas e lazer, considerando a importância atribuída ao sonhado porto de Luís Correia por parte das elites de Parnaíba, bem como a necessidade do consumo das praias para os banhos de mar. Desse modo, a modernidade, produtora de desejos e vontades, medos e incertezas, foi responsável por transformações nas paisagens e no cotidiano dos sujeitos que viviam no litoral piauiense, palco de modernização na década em questão.
Exposição de crianças e travessias atlânticas: o trânsito de práticas e pessoas para o extremo sul da América Portuguesa (1750-1810)
Authors: Da Silva Jonathan Fachini
Published: August 2021

A exposição de crianças foi um fenômeno comum no universo católico do período moderno. Amplamente praticado e tolerado em território ibérico, o episódio assumiu novas proporções com as expansões europeias, a partir do século XVI, chegando na bagagem do colonizador aos novos espaços territoriais. É justamente no intuito de perceber a expansão dessa prática que o presente artigo analisa as travessias atlânticas de expostos, os quais, enjeitados em Lisboa na infância, sobreviveram, cresceram e partiram para a América Portuguesa, onde se estabeleceram. Amparados na História Social e com um aporte teórico inspirado na micro-história italiana, percebemos como essas trajetórias podem trazer luz sobre a temática da exposição de crianças, a difusão de sua prática, nos dois lados do Atlântico.
De la ciudad a la metrópoli: un enfoque desde México sobre un pasado global
Authors: Riojas Carlos , Arjona Alejandro
Published: August 2021

Una metrópolis inicia como una ciudad en la que su territorio e instituciones convergen, pero una vez que se extiende más allá de sus límites jurisdiccionales, es cuando los mecanismos históricos que le daban sentido son rebasados. El objetivo del artículo es demostrar que en la formación de las metrópolis existe un fenómeno común a nivel global caracterizado por una regulación y condicionamiento de las relaciones intergubernamentales que tratan de adaptarse al vertiginoso crecimiento urbano. Un elemento clave es la forma de cooperar entre diversos gobiernos. Para lograr el objetivo el texto sedivide en dos partes. Primero, se analiza la evolución de la urbanización a nivel global, para demostrar cómo a partir de 1950 el mundo deviene mayoritariamente urbano. Luego, se exponen estrategias de gestión metropolitana utilizadas en Europa, África, Asía y las Américas, con énfasis en México. El texto termina con algunas consideraciones sobre los retos globales de las metrópolis.
A revista Aonde Vamos? publica o relatório Kruschev
Authors: Chermont Lucia
Published: August 2021

A revista Aonde Vamos? (1943-1977), um semanário carioca publicado pela comunidade judaica com forte viés crítico e ideológico vinculado à direita sionista, veio à luz durante um período de grandes transformações marcado pela integração e afirmação judaica frente ao legado do Holocausto e às tensas expectativas advindas da recente fundação do Estado de Israel. Este artigo analisa a publicação pioneira e na íntegra do relatório Kruschev pela revista Aonde Vamos? entre 21 de junho e 19 julho de 1956. O relatório tinha sido apresentado no XX Congresso do Partido Comunista da União Soviética em 14 de fevereiro do mesmo ano e expunha abusos do período stalinista soviético. Este artigo objetiva trazer à luz como a circulação de ideias e de informações era intensa e possuía caráter transnacional, além de ressaltar como essas ideias e informações eram carregadas de significados e representações para determinadas linhas ideológicas da comunidade judaica. A partir de um aporte teórico-metodológico da História Cultural e das Representações, buscou-se compreender os usos e as representações do documento pela imprensa judaica brasileira, assim como o posicionamento dela frente ao relatório e o sentido e significado de sua publicação na revista Aonde Vamos?.
Internacionalismo e redemocratização brasileira: as transações de cúpula da internacional socialista e as conexões entre Brasil e Portugal em 1976
Authors: Lohn Reinaldo Lindolfo
Published: August 2021

Ao longo de 1976, os contatos entre grupos políticos de diferentes países da América Latina e da Europa encetaram a constituição de uma linguagem comum proporcionada pela organização Internacional Socialista. O presente texto objetiva identificar e analisar as relações entre agentes da oposição ao regime ditatorial brasileiro com a Internacional Socialista e os debates então suscitados em torno da possível criação de uma organização partidária aos moldes dos integrantes daquela entidade. Setores das oposições brasileiras buscaram as conexões internacionais como forma de intervenção política e encontraram na atuação do governo de Portugal que emergiu dos desdobramentos da Revolução dos Cravos os meios para dar contornos transnacionais às suas iniciativas com vistas à reorganização de partidos políticos. Por meio da investigação em veículos de imprensa de ambos os países, bem como de documentos que evidenciam a preocupação de agentes da ditadura com o processo, é possível explorar a perspectiva da conectividade das negociações e os fluxos de ideias e representações políticas que atravessavam as fronteiras nacionais. Foi então praticado um internacionalismo de cúpulas dirigentes que, contornando governos, pretendeu influenciar a abertura política no Brasil.
Como contar a história da Covid-19? Reflexões a partir dos arquivos digitais no Brasil
Authors: Marino Ian Kisil , Gajanigo Paulo Rodrigues , Souza Rogério Ferreira de , Nicodemo Thiago Lima
Published: August 2021

O panorama de arquivamento digital da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil é um eixo argumentativo que possibilita a reflexão sobre temas como: as possibilidades de escrita da história da Covid-19 em escala global; a infraestrutura de arquivos digitais; a construção coletiva de acervos por uma rede de projetos paralelos no país; as características da produção social e do teor documental dos registros preservados nessas iniciativas. O cenário pandêmico catalisa e desnuda problemas concernentes à memória, aos arquivos e à história que não são novos, mas se veem diante de uma ocasião profícua para avanços teóricos e práticos relevantes — que vão do aprimoramento infraestrutural à revisão das balizas epistemológicas para a construção da memória e da história em escala global.
Uma história global do internacionalismo
Authors: Schveitzer Ana Carolina , Börgerding Lea , Broughton Oscar , Schveitzer Ana Carolina
Published: August 2021

Apresentação
Aos Pés da Virgem Azul: notas sobre Simbolismo, Sincretismo Religioso e Tradição no Paraguai
Authors: Nascimento Valdir Aragão do
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo objetivou analisar, de maneira sucinta, alguns aspectos da religiosidade paraguaia, tais como o sincretismo e sua relação com as tradições e a identidade nacional. Buscou-se, aqui, identificar as interfaces existentes entre religiosidade, sincretismo religioso, identidade nacional e tradição na cultura paraguaia. A metodologia utilizada foi revisão bibliográfica e trabalho de campo de caráter etnográfico. Constatou-se que a religiosidade no Paraguai tem um viés sincrético, mas ainda inconfessado. Verificou-se também que identidade nacional do povo paraguaio é tributária de tradições culturais herdadas tanto de sua matriz indígena quanto das contribuições do colonizador europeu. Desse modo, a identidade nacional e religiosa do povo paraguaio pode ser localizada tanto no seu devir histórico enquanto nação quanto nas manifestações culturais acionadas para representar tais identidades.
Discurso político, ethos e legitimidade: uma análise de discursos de posse do governo Bolsonaro
Authors: Souza Jéser Abílio de , Leite Marcus
Published: August 2021

Com o início do governo Bolsonaro, chamou a atenção a forma como o mesmo iria construir sua legitimidade diante de tantas polêmicas. Assim, o trabalho tem o objetivo de compreender a constituição e a representação do ethos do governo Bolsonaro mediante análise dos discursos de posse do atual Presidente e de quatro ministros de seu governo. O método empregado incide no dispositivo de Análise do Discurso denominado de Semântica Global, elaborado por Maingueneau. Verificamos que os discursos combinaram estratégias discursivas que buscam produzir efeitos de persuasão no destinatário, ao passo que tece a legitimidade do governo e induz a oposição, a acusação e a polarização político-ideológica perante o adversário. Concluímos que os discursos constituíram e representaram o ethos do governo através de apelos religiosos, narrativas maniqueístas e de diversos elementos de cunho nacionalista, a fim de legitimar o poder e a dominação sobre o Outro, a esquerda política.
Efficacy and Safety of Lipegfilgrastim for the Prophylaxis of Chemotherapy-induced Neutropenia in Breast Cancer Patients in Poland
Authors: Streb Joanna , Kucharz Jakub , Lipa Aurelia , Strzondała Marcin , Wysocki Piotr
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Lipegfilgrastim is a long-acting glycopegylated granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) used to prevent chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and febrile neutropenia (FN). The aim of the current study was to obtain data on the drug efficacy and safety in real-world clinical practice.

Material and methods

This is an exploratory analysis of Polish breast cancer patients participating in a pan-European study of lipegfilgrastim in primary and secondary prophylaxis for patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy (Lonquex ObsErvational Cohort Study, LEOS). Patients were followed since the start of neutropenia prophylaxis until 6 to 8 weeks after the last dose of the lipegfilgrastim . The efficacy measures were chemotherapy dose reductions, omissions, delays and the proportion of the planned cumulative dose actually delivered.

Results

A total of 45 mostly high risk of FN patients were included in the analysis.
Overall, 31 of 212 chemotherapy cycles (14.6%) were delayed in 19 patients (42.2%). Cumulative dose of chemotherapy was reduced in 1.4% of the cycles in 4.4% of the patients. The mean percentage of cumulative dose planned actually administrated was 99.95% across all cycles. Only one patient had FN. There were 15 episodes of neutropenia in 3 patients (6.7%),
A total of 69 adverse events were reported, which 65% were drug-related. The most common were musculoskeletal pain (17.8%) and myalgia (11.1%) Four adverse events were serious and two of them were related to lipegfilgrastim.

Conclusions

Lipegfilgrastim proved to be effective and well-tolerated for CIN prophylaxis in patients with breast cancer receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy in a real-life setting.
Virology, Molecular Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review
Authors:   MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India., Sonal Vyas , Jasmine Kaur ,   MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India., Pratyay Kumar Pahari ,   MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India., Parminder Nain ,   MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India., Shahbaz Aman ,   Department of Microbiology, MM Institute of Medical Science and Research, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India.
Published: August 2021

After past episodes of Zika, Nipah and Ebola viruses and also previous emergencies due to other viruses like swine flu and bird flu viruses, now in 21st century global disaster caused by nCoV virus. As the virus is still investigated for proper identification, there are very less option in choosing the proper detection method. So we have reviewed various article for giving an idea about pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. We had screened Google Scholar database with the keywords nCoV pathogenesis, molecular immune pathogenesis of COVID-19, virology of SARS-CoV-2, diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and advancement of nCoV diagnosis. In the final review we have included a total of 84 articles. As a result we have reviewed the molecular virology along with molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 in human body. We have found various ongoing researches on detection of nCoV related to nucleic acid amplification test, different types of RT-qPCR, serological assay and different HRCT methods.
Dolarización
Authors: Glower Carlos J.
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 630, 2001: 383-387.
Crisis en el sector vivienda
Authors: Editor El
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 633-634, 2001: 595-599.
Análisis de la coyuntura económica
Authors: Economía Departamento de
Published: August 2021

El primer semestre del 2001 ha sido afectado por adversidades naturales (terremotos y sequía), que profundizan aún más las fallas estructurales que los choques externos (alza de los precios del petróleo, baja de los precios del café), por fuertes que éstos hayan sido. Este análisis destaca el problema de la inseguridad económica como uno de los más relevantes, entendiéndose dicho concepto como codo aquello que añade incertidumbre al medio en el cual los trabajadores y sus familias se desenvuelven, los movimientos erráticos de las cantidades y los precios claves, las fluctuaciones del empleo y del desempleo, y la incertidumbre sobre los valores futuros.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 635, 2001: 767-799.
Domitila
Authors: Montoya Aquiles
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 56, No. 635, 2001: 850-852.
Evaluating the performance of an eggshell-bagasse biosorption system in removing lead and cadmium from aqueous solutions
Authors:   , Harripersadth Charlene
Published: August 2021

In this research investigation, the simultaneous use of 2 biomaterials, sugarcane bagasse and eggshells, were applied as biosorbents in the treatment of metal laden effluent. Under the characterisation measurements investigated, it was found that carbon, calcium and oxygen atoms which constitute carboxylic and carbonate functional groups were prominent in eggshells, whereas for bagasse, it was carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms constituting hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. Batch studies were conducted to investigate the effect of fundamental process variables such as particle size (75 – 250 μm), initial metal ion concentration (40 – 240 mg/L), pH (2 – 7) and contact time (0 – 120 min). With respect to the equilibrium studies, the applicability of the Langmuir isotherm implied a monolayer formation of metal ions onto the surface of both biomaterials with the maximum amounts of Pb and Cd adsorbed based on 1 g of biosorbent being 277.8 and 13.62 mg/g for eggshells and 31.45 and 19.49 mg/g for bagasse, respectively. Moreover, kinetic modelling revealed that the process was well described by the pseudo – second order model for both Pb and Cd using eggshells and bagasse. Fixed bed studies were used to assess the dynamic adsorption behaviour of the eggshell – bagasse system using a lab – scale adsorption column of 2.3 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height. The effect of bed depth (4 – 12 cm) on 5 adsorbents (eggshells, bagasse, adsorbent A, adsorbent B and adsorbent C) in the removal of Pb were investigated. Adsorbents A, B and C were a combination of both eggshells and bagasse with adsorbent A constituting 75wt % bagasse and 25wt % eggshells, adsorbent B constituting 50wt % bagasse and 50wt % eggshells and adsorbent C constituting 25wt % bagasse and 75wt % eggshells. The column experiments highlighted an improvement in bed performance with an increase in bed depth resulting in greater mass transfer zones, breakthrough times and larger quantities of effluents treated. Two kinetic models (Thomas and Yoon–Nelson) were used to interpret the breakthrough curves where the data showed good fits to both models used. In determining the efficacy of the eggshell – bagasse biosorption system, adsorbent C was found to be most proficient in the removal of Pb with eggshells, adsorbent B, adsorbent A and bagasse following suit. The results from this investigation strongly suggest the plausible reuse of agricultural waste materials in the treatment of contaminated effluent through the biosorption process.
Harmonization of internal quality tasks in analytical laboratories case studies : water analysis methods using polarographic and voltammetric techniques
Authors:   , Gumede Njabulo Joyfull
Published: August 2021

In this work, a holistic approach to validate analytical methods was assessed by virtue of Monte Carlo simulations. This approach involves a statement of the methodsÃ¢ s scope (i.e. analytes, matrices and concentration levels) and requisites (internal or external); selection of the methodÃ¢ s (fit-for-purpose) features; pre-validation and validation of the intermediate accuracy and its assessment by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Validation of the other methodÃ¢ s features and a validity statement in terms of a Ã¢ fit-for-purposeÃ¢ decision making, harmonized validation-control-uncertainty statistics and short-term routine work with the aim of proposing virtually Ã¢ ready-to-useÃ¢ methods. The protocol could be transferred to other methods. The main aim is to harmonize the work to be done by research teams and routine laboratories assuming that different aims, strategies and practical viewpoints exist. As a result, the recommended protocol should be seen as a starting point. It is necessary to propose definitive (harmonized) protocols that must be established by international normalisation/accreditation entities. The Quality Assurance (Method verification and Internal Quality Control, IQC) limits, as well as sample uncertainty were estimated consistently with the validated accuracy statistics i.e. E U (E) and RSDi + U (RSDi). Two case studies were used to assess Monte Carlo simulation as a tool for method validation in analytical laboratories, the first involves an indirect polarographic method for determining nitrate in waste water and the second involves a direct determination of heavy metals in sea water by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, as an example of the application of the protocol. In this sense the uncertainty obtained could be used for decision making purposes as it is very tempting to use uncertainty as a commercial argument and in this work it has been shown that the smaller the uncertainty, the better the measurement of the instrument or the laboratoryÃ¢ s reputation.
Expression of a modified xylanase in yeast
Authors:   , Mchunu Nokuthula Peace
Published: August 2021

Protein engineering has provided a key for adapting naturally-occurring enzymes for industrial processes. However, several obstacles have to be overcome after these proteins have been adapted, the main one being finding a suitable host to over-express these recombinant protein. This study investigated Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris and Escherichia coli as suitable expression hosts for a previously modified fungal xylanase, which is naturally produced by the filamentous fungus, Thermomyces lanuginosus. A xylanase variant, NC38, that was made alkaline-stable using directed evolution was cloned into four different vectors: pDLG1 with an ADH2 promoter and pJC1 with a PGK promoter for expression in S. Cerevisiae, pBGP1 with a GAP promoter for expression in P. pastoris and pET22b(+) for expression in E. Coli BL21 (DE3). S. Cerevisiae clones with the p DLG1-NC38 combination showed very low activity on the plate assay and were not used for expression in liquid media as the promoter was easily repressed by reducing sugars used during production experiments. S. cerevisiae clones carrying pJC1-NC38 were grown in media without uracil while P. Pastoris clones were grown in YPD containing the antibiotic, zeocin and E. Coli clones were grown in LB with ampicillin. The levels of xylanase expression were then compared between P. Pastoris, S. cerevisiae and E. coli. The highest recombinant xylanase expression was observed in P. Pastoris with 261.7U/ml, followed by E.coli with 47.9 U/ml and lastly S. cerevisiae with 13.2 U/ml. The localization of the enzyme was also determined. In the methylotrophic yeast, P. Pastoris, the enzyme was secreted into the culture media with little or no contamination from the host proteins, while the in other hosts, the xylanase was located intracellularly. Therefore in this study, a mutated alkaline stable xylanase was successfully expressed in P. Pastoris and was also secreted into the culture medium with little or no contamination by host proteins, which favours the application of this enzyme in the pulp and paper industry.
Assessment of the recreational stability of the soil cover of hunting reserves of the Udmurt Republic
Authors:   ООО ", Saakian Alexander ,   БАЛАНС ПРОФИ"
Published: August 2021

The article describes a system of indicators for assessing the recreational stability of the soil cover on the example of hunting reserves of the Udmurt Republic. Certain indicators of the soil cover serve as an indicator of the degree of recreational digression of territories. For different stages of digression, a different ratio of agrochemical and physical indicators of the state of the soil cover is indicative. A formalized assessment of the recreational stability of the soil cover was made using mathematical modeling methods. The territories with medium and low recreational stability of the soil cover were identified. The data obtained as a result of the research can be used in the design and reconstruction of recreational areas. Keywords: RECREATIONAL STABILITY, SOIL COVER, HUNTING RESERVES, SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS
TRỒNG THỬ NGHIỆM GIỐNG GẤC LAI ĐEN VÀ GẤC LAI CAO SẢN TẠI TUYÊN QUANG, BƯỚC ĐẦU CHO NĂNG SUẤT VÀ HIỆU QUẢ
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Minh Huệ , Đoàn Thị Phương Lý , Cái Thị Lan Hương
Published: August 2021

Loài gấc Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour) Spreng, có gấc lai đen và gấc lai cao sản là giống gấc cho năng suất cao chất lượng tốt, trồng một lần cho thu hoạch nhiều năm, góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả kinh tế trong sản xuất. Nghiên cứu trồng thử nghiệm giống gấc lai đen và giống gấc lai cao sản tại Tuyên Quang bước đầu đã cho kết quả khả quan, cây sinh trưởng phát triển tốt, với mật độ trồng 500 cây/ha; thực hiện tốt kỹ thuật trồng, làm giàn kiên cố; theo dõi và phòng trừ sâu bệnh kịp thời. Kết quả cho năng suất và hiệu quả hơn giống gấc nếp tại địa phương (Năng suất thực thu năm thứ nhất của gấc lai đen đạt 133,5 tạ/ha, hiệu quả đạt 50.298.000 đồng/ha; giống gấc lai cao sản đạt 144,2 tạ/ha và hiệu quả đạt 49.408.000 đồng/ha).
NGHIÊN CỨU QUY TRÌNH CHẾ BIẾN TRÀ TÚI LỌC TỪ LÁ SÂM XUYÊN ĐÁ KHAI THÁC TẠI THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Lưu Hồng Sơn , Nguyễn Thị Tình , Tạ Thị Lượng , Ngô Xuân Bình , Đinh Thị Kim Hoa
Published: August 2021

Cây sâm xuyên đá tên khoa học Myxopyrum smilacifolium (Wall.) Blume, lá cây là chất làm se, chát, ngọt, sinh nhiệt, giảm đau, dị ứng, giải nhiệt và thuốc bổ… Hiện nay, sử dụng cây sâm xuyên đá chủ yếu chỉ sử dụng thân, rễ. Vì vậy việc nghiên cứu trà túi lọc từ lá sâm xuyên đá có ý nghĩa về khoa học và thực tiễn. Nghiên cứu cho thấy lá sâm xuyên đá có độ ẩm 69,95%, tro 2,15%, tanin 1,25%. Quy trình chế biến trà túi lọc từ lá sâm xuyên đá Thái Nguyên với các thông số kỹ thuật của các công đoạn chính như sau: Nhiệt độ sấy lá sâm xuyên đá là 70ºC, nghiền nguyên liệu với kích thước 1 < d ≤ 3 mm. Để tạo ra sản phẩm có chất lượng cảm quan tốt, cỏ ngọt, lạc tiên và nhân trần được bổ sung với tỷ lệ tương ứng 5%, 10% và 8%. Sản phẩm cho vi sinh vật hiếu khí 6,3.10⁴ vi khuẩn/ g, nấm men – nấm mốc 1,5.103 khuẩn lạc/ g đạt theo TCVN 7975 – 2008 về chè thảo mộc túi lọc.
Classic Errors in Accident Reconstruction: Real Experts vs. Fakes, Fools, and Frauds
Authors: Glennon John C.
Published: August 2021

As litigation has mushroomed in the 1970s and 807s, more and more varied types of people have proclaimed their expertise to practice motor-vehicle accident reconstruction. A vast number of those who have claimed to be experts have nothing more than a high-school education and a short course in accident reconstruction. Unfortunately, the courts, more often than not, have qualified these people as experts. Another large group of practitioners are college educated, but come to accident reconstruction by way of education and experience in non-related fields such as chemistry, nuclear physics, aeronautical engineering, air-conditioning design, plastics manufacture, and other distant disciplines. These people usually know the basic physics associated with accident reconstruction, but often do not appreciate or understand the idiosyncrasies of motor-vehicle collisions. But, they too are usually qualified as experts by the courts.
Skeletal Trauma As An Accident Reconstruction Tool
Authors: Strauss Mervin F.
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the ability of the accident reconstructionist to relate bodily injury to the accident scenario. This involves the engineer in understanding bodily injury mechanisms. Most of the discussion and illustrations are directed toward skeletal trauma, since bone can be readily understood by an engineer in terms of the properties of materials. Illustrations of bone injury and the mechanism that caused them are discussed.
Forensic Environmental Engineering Evaluation of Water Pollution Events
Authors: Green James M.
Published: August 2021

Water pollution events are defined as the discharge of point or nonpoint sources of contamination on surface water bodies such as streams, lakes, estuaries, oceans and rivers. Water pollution forensic evaluations use the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) as the primary source of standards and engineering guidelines. This Federal and State system was implemented under Public Law 92-500 and requires that any entity that discharges a flow into a waterway do so under an NPDES permit. The permit is issued by the State and allows for the receiving waterways ability to absorb some level of contamination. This absorption rate is determined by extensive Engineering modeling of the receiving waterway and is a function of the dissolved oxygen in the water and other parameters. The capacity of the receiving water is defined and allocated to all the industries and municipalities discharging into the water body. The modeling results give the Forensic Engineer a powerful
Heat and Arcing Fire Causation at Conduit Connections
Authors: Nabours Robert E.
Published: August 2021

Present methods of construction for most commercial and light industrial electrical systems utilize set screw type zinc alloy connectors with EMT conduit. The author has investigated the electrical and thermal properties of these conduit systems when current flow occurs through the conduit/connector junction. A fire hazard is shown to exist when the conduit/connector junction is loose. It is the authors opinion that many electrically precipitated fires are due to the phenomenon described in this paper but that these causes are not appropriately considered, in view of their likelihood, by fire investigators.
Machine Control Failures
Authors: Brugger Richard D.
Published: August 2021

This Paper Discusses Machine Controls That Fail, And Typical Causes For The Failures. Some Are The Predictable Result Of Fundamental Control Algorithm Deficiencies, And Others Are The Result Of Neglecting Physical Realities In The Industrial Environment Where The Controls Must Operate Reliably And Safely. Also Included Are Explanations Of Several Phenomenon And Explanation Of Failure Modes, As An Aid In Identifying The Various Possible Failure Modes That May Be Involved.
Electrical Injury And Electrocution
Authors: Shefchick Thomas P.
Published: August 2021

Design Errors, Faulty Installation, And Deficient Maintenance Sometimes Interact And Result In Serious Personal Injury And Death. This Paper Will Illustrate How Proper Design, Installation, And Maintenance Of Electrical Equipment Can Prevent Electrical Injury And Death.
Avoid The Pitfalls Of The Too-Obvious Defect
Authors: Wilder Leslie N.
Published: August 2021

The Forensic Engineer Must Often Determine How And Why An Accident Or Injury Occurred. Sometimes This Takes A Great Deal Of Effort When The Evidence Is Unclear Or Conflicting. Unraveling Such Mysteries Can Be Both Stimulating And Challenging. But There Are Times When The Cause Of The Accident Seems Immediately Obvious. All Elements Of The Accident Are Consistent With The Apparently Obvious Cause, And The Sequence Of Events Leading To The Accident Is Clear. It Seems Ideal. Everything Fits, Satisfying The Engineers Need For Order And Understanding. This Situation Poses A Potential Pitfall For The Forensic Engineer, In That Alternative Scenarios May Not Be Looked For, Considered Carefully Enough, Or Shown To Be Incorrect. If This Happens, The Engineer May Later Be Barred From Introducing Evidence Disproving Such Alternatives.
Extent Of Structural Damage Due To Tornadic Winds
Authors: Lawrence John H.
Published: August 2021

In The Aftermath Of A Tornado The Need For An Evaluation Of The Extent Of Damage To Buildings Is Frequently Necessary From Both A Safety View And A Legal View. For A Restoration Contractor To Prepare An Accurate Repair Estimate, Structurally Damaged Members Must Be Identified. A Thorough Examination By A Professional Engineer Is Necessary To Identify Structural Damage. The Author Is Usually Retained By Insurance Adjusters To Perform This Evaluation, Though Attorneys And Individuals Sometimes Request The Service. Typically, The Adjuster Wants To Know What He Owes, The Attorney Wants To Know If The Settlement Offer Is Fair, And The Homeowner Wants To Know If His Home Will Be Safe Tomorrow. The Identification Process Is Clouded By The Fact That Buildings Are Oftentimes Leaning Or Out-Of Square When Originally Constructed. The Presence Of Inherent Damage Adds Another Variable. In Order That The Loss Can Be Properly Adjusted, A Differentiation Between Inherent And Sudden Damage Must Be Made. For The Purpose Of This Discussion, Structural Damage Is Defined As Harm Or Injury To The Load Bearing Members Of The Building That Decreases The Members Load Carrying Ability Or Shortens Its Expected Service Life...
Firearms Fire Control And The Inadvertent Discharge
Authors: Butters John T.
Published: August 2021

It Is Axiomatic That The Discharge Of A Firearm In The Absence Of A Depression Of Its Trigger Is Evidence Of A Disabling Defect Which Creates An Extremely Hazardous Condition And A Condition Which Must Be Prevented Within The Constraints Of Technical And Economic Feasibility. The Causal Defect(S) May Be Rooted In Design Configuration, Manufacturing Or Material Fault Or In Conditions Of Maintenance, Use Or Modification, But Whatever The Source Or Sources Of The Problem, A Firearm Which Discharges Without A Trigger Pull Is Defective.
Highway Intersection Sight Distance Guidelines & Measurements
Authors: Kilareski Walter P.
Published: August 2021

Many Highway Accidents Occur At Intersections That Are Not Controlled By Traffic Signals. Intersecting Roadways, Driveways, And Entrances To Shopping Malls Are Only A Few Examples Of Where Crashes Occur. In Some Cases Tort Lawsuits Are Brought Against The Highway Agency Claiming That There Was A Lack Of Sight Distance At The Intersection. Unfortunately, Many Engineers And Accident Reconstruction Professionals Do Not Understand Intersection Sight Distance Requirements And Guidelines. This Confusion Often Leads To Needless Litigation. This Paper Will Review The Highway Design Guidelines (Aashto) Which Are Used To Evaluate Intersection Sight Distance For Both Turning And Straight Through Traffic Movements. It Will Explain The Rationale For The Criteria And How It Should Be Applied For Accident Analysis. The Drivers Responsibility, Under The Vehicle Code, At An Intersection Is Reviewed. A Case Study Will Be Used As An Example To Explain The Procedures For Field Measurements At An Intersection.
The History Of The 0.50 Scof
Authors: Kravitz Michael
Published: August 2021

As Professional Engineers, We Go To Court And Testify On The Slipperiness Or Non-Slipperiness Of Walking Surfaces In Slip And Fall Cases Where Personal Injuries Occur. We Testify That A Surface With A Static Coefficient Of Friction (Scof) Of 0.50 Or Greater Is Safe And A Surface Where The Scof Of Less Than 0.50 Is Unsafe. The Courts Accept This Number As The Definitive Number, And Cash Awards May Either Granted Or Denied Based On It. But Where Did 0.50 Come From, And How Was It Established? This Paper Looks At The History Of Friction And The Threshold Number Of 0.50.
Examples Of The Use Of Photogrammetry In Forensic Engineering And Accident Reconstruction
Authors: Hicks Joel T.
Published: August 2021

One Definition Of Photogrammetry Is, The Use Of Photographs For Making Maps. For Our Purposes, Photogrammetry Means The Extraction Of Dimensions In One Plane From Oblique View Photographs. Although There Is Software To Analyze In Three Dimensions, This Discussion Is Limited To A Single Surface Or Plane. The Software Chosen For Illustration Is Trans4 By J. Rolly Kenny2, Which Employs The Four-Point Transformation Method. To Start An Analysis A Print Is Attached To A Digitizer Pad. Then, With The Software Primed And Waiting On A Signal, A Mouse Button Is Clicked When The Cross-Hairs Of The Mouse Are Placed Over A Point On The Print. The Digitizer Will Send A Stream Of Data Back To The Computer, And The Software Will Read And Store The Location Of The Pad Under The Print At The Point. When All Points Of Interest Have Been Located In Pad Coordinates, The Real Or Measured Coordinates Of Four Of The Points Are Entered By Hand. The Software Then Computes The Real Coordinates For All Of The Points. The Four Points Of Reference Are Called Base Points (Bp). No Three Of Them Can Be In A Line, And All Points Of Interest Must Lie On The Same Plane.
Forensic Engineering Comparison Of Two & Three Dimensional Photogrammetric Accident Analysis
Authors: Ziernicki Richard M.
Published: August 2021

One Of The Challenges For An Accident Reconstructionist Is To Create Accurate Scene Diagrams From Photographs. There Are Several Software Packages On The Market Today That Allow Engineers To Gather Dimensions From Photographs Through Photogrammetric Analysis. However, Not All Photogrammetric Software Performs The Same Functions. In Short, The Software Is Classified As Either Two-Dimensional (2-D) Or Three-Dimensional (3-D) Photogrammetric Software. 2-D Photogrammetry Software Accurately Rectifies A Photograph Given Certain 2-D Data From The Scene Such As The Length Of Lane Lines And/Or The Width Of The Roadway. 3-D Software Needs More Data To Perform The Rectification, And Without Additional Data, The Photogrammetric Analysis Can Be Inaccurate. The Strength Of The 3-D Photogrammetric Software Is Its Ability To Create Scaled Three-Dimensional Computer Models. This Paper Discusses The Application Of 2-D And 3-D Photogrammetry In Accident Analysis And Reconstruction.