bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DietaryPeriplaneta americana extract improved the growth performance, immune, and antioxidative status, and crowding stress responses in Nile tilapia
Authors: Li Y.C. , Bing F. , Zhang J.M. , Wang G.J. , Gong W.B. , Tian J.J. , Li H.Y. , Zhang K. , Xia Y. , Li Z.F. , Xie J. , Yu E.M.
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the beneficial effects of dietaryPeriplaneta americana extract (PAE) supplementation on growth performance, immune, and antioxidative status, liver health, and crowding stress responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The fish (initial weight 55.01±1.73 g) were fed with one of the four diets containing PAE (0, 1, 2 and 4%) for 60 days followed by a 3-h crowding stress trial. PAE enhanced the weight gain rate at concentrations of 2 and 4% and lowered the feed conversion rate at 4% (P<0.05), which possibly due to the increased activities of intestinal protease and amylase (P<0.05). Dietary PAE supplementation at 2 and 4% increased levels of total protein and albumin, while PAE at 4% increased complement C3 and C4 levels (P<0.05). Dietary PAE supplementation also enhanced serum lysozyme activity at all concentrations tested (P<0.05). Fish fed with 2 and 4% PAE exhibited lower activities of serum enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase (P<0.05). Dietary PAE supplementation at 2 and 4% significantly decreased malondialdehyde and increased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione. In addition, PAE demonstrated hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effects, as reflected by lower serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and higher density lipoprotein cholesterol in the 1-4% groups compared to the 0% group. Crowding stress affected serum cortisol and glucose levels in all treatments (P<0.05), but PAE supplementation alleviated increase in the serum cortisol and glucose after stress trial (P<0.05). In conclusion, PAE has the potential to enhance growth performance, improve the intestinal enzyme activities and immune and antioxidative status, alleviating the negative effects of crowding stress in Nile tilapia juveniles. The recommended dietary levels of PAE were 20-40 g/kg for Nile tilapia.
Urban air mobility (UAM) in the metropolitan region of São Paulo: Potential and threats
Authors: Lopes Dario , Silva Jorge
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The increase in congestion and pollution in large cities combined with the innovation of air transport technology (drones and vertical takeoff and electric propulsion vehicles – eVTOL) and with the advances in autonomous technology have stimulated this research on the potential of Urban Air Mobility – UAM as an alternative to improve mobility conditions in urban centers. In this research, the evaluation of the UAM's potential was carried out with a focus on the metropolitan region of São Paulo (RMSP), the largest metropolitan region in Brazil, with about 22 million inhabitants, and one of the ten most populous metropolitan regions in the world.Design/methodology/approach:  In addition to evaluating challenges such as vehicle certification, infrastructure and ATM, an assessment of public acceptance of UAM (based on a survey) was carried out. The survey identified the perceptions of potential customers regarding the gains of the air mobility alternative, as well as the restrictions and fears in relation to the UAM. The opinion poll was carried out along the same lines as the work carried in Europe, allowing the comparison of results between the two markets.Findings: The main results highlighted the identification of the biggest problems for the implementation of UAM services in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, as well as the expectations and restrictions of customers, which will be important subsidies for the development of public policies to improve conditions mobility in the region.Originality/value: UAM is a new, disruptive mobility technology that can improve travel conditions in highly congested urban centers, such as the RMSP. The success of this new technology depends on understanding the challenges and opportunities, but mainly on the perception and expectations of potential customers.
Intravitreal Topotecan 90 µg for Recurrent Solid Retinoblastoma Tumors Is Effective and Not Toxic
Authors: Abramson David H. , Francis Jasmine H.
Published: March 2023

The authors report on the safety and efficacy of 90 µg/0.18 cc of intravitreal topotecan for recurrent solid retinal tumors in retinoblastoma. Topotecan 90 µg was injected intravitreally in three retinoblastoma cases that progressed after prior therapy. Safety was monitored with retinal examinations under anesthesia and 30-Hz flicker electroretinograms. There was complete disappearance of recurrent retinal tumors with only one injection of 90 µg of intravitreal topotecan without any toxicity. Intravitreal 90 µg caused prompt regression of retinal tumors in three children who had progression of their retinoblastoma after prior therapy. No toxicity was seen. This is the first report of intravitreal 90 µg in humans and the first report of responses of retinal tumors from intravitreal topotrecan.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(2):e16–e18.]
On coupled snap system with integral boundary conditions in the $ \mathbb{G} $-Caputo sense
Authors: Thabet Sabri T. M. , Matar Mohammed M. , Salman Mohammed Abdullah , Samei Mohammad Esmael , Vivas-Cortez Miguel , Kedim Imed
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we consider a coupled snap system in a fractional $ \mathbb{G} $-Caputo derivative sense with integral boundary conditions. Hyers-Ulam stability criterion is investigated, and a numerical simulation will be supplied to some applications. Some numerical simulations are presented to guarantee the theoretical results.
Game analysis on regenerative synergy mechanism of the supply chain of integrate infrastructure engineering
Authors: Zhao Na , Ma Bingqi , Li Xiaolian
Published: March 2023

How to ensure the smooth implementation of convergent infrastructure engineering as the risk of sudden public events persists, allowing the engineering supply chain companies to break through the blockages to regenerate collaboratively and form a regenerated collaborative union. By establishing a mathematical game model, this paper explores the synergistic mechanism of supply chain regeneration for convergent infrastructure engineering, which takes into account cooperation and competition, investigates the impact of supply chain nodes' regeneration capacity and economic performance, as well as the dynamic changes in the importance weights of supply chain nodes, when adopting the collaborative decision of supply chain regeneration, the benefits of the supply chain system, are more than those when suppliers and manufacturers "act of one's own free will" by making decentralized decisions to undertake supply chain regeneration separately. All the investment costs of supply chain regeneration are higher than those in non-cooperative games. Based on the comparison of equilibrium solutions, it was found that exploring the collaborative mechanism of its convergence infrastructure engineering supply chain regeneration provides useful arguments for the emergency re-engineering of the engineering supply chain with a tube mathematical basis. Through constructing a dynamic game model for the exploration of the supply chain regeneration synergy mechanism, this paper provides methods and support for the emergency synergy among subjects of infrastructure construction projects, especially in improving the mobilization effectiveness of the entire infrastructure construction supply chain in critical emergencies and enhancing the emergency re-engineering capability of the supply chain.
La història en present, històries del present: una aproximació a la dramatúrgia mallorquina contemporània
Authors: Rollet Aymeric
Published: March 2023

Bien que méconnue en France et encore relativement peu analysée dans les études théâtrales espagnoles et catalanes, la dramaturgie majorquine contemporaine se caractérise depuis plusieurs décennies par une grande diversité formelle et thématique et par un souci permanent de se renouveler et d’expérimenter. Cet article dresse un panorama synthétique de la création théâtrale à Majorque au cours des trente dernières années, puis il propose une approche de l’œuvre de Jaume Miró, l’un des dramaturges les plus emblématiques du théâtre majorquin, autour de deux grands types de pièces : d’une part, le théâtre dit « historique » (l’histoire au présent), d’autre part, les pièces « non historiques » (les histoires du présent, ou traitant du présent par le détour de la fiction).
Justifier l’engagement
Authors: Richardier Verena
Published: March 2023

Dans cet article, la professionnalisation des ONG en Chine est explorée à partir des émotions utilisées par les organisations afin de justifier leur engagement pour une cause. Les histoires d’une ONG internationale en Chine, Aides Sans Frontières, et d’une association chinoise, Gěi ài, sont comparées. Elles forment deux parcours de professionnalisation en partie contraires. Malgré sa posture d’expert, Aides Sans Frontières est parfois confrontée à l’augmentation du contrôle et de la méfiance. À l’inverse, l’agencement de plusieurs répertoires émotionnels permet à Gěi ài de justifier sa critique des politiques du handicap en Chine tout en étant reconnue comme une association sensible et pleine de compassion.
La pyramide de politisation – De l’impolitisation à la politisation critique chez Médecins Sans Frontières
Authors: Joxe Ludovic
Published: March 2023

Cet article vise à étudier la notion de politisation depuis une perspective anthropologique, en considérant l’organisation Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) comme une société d’individus en soi, avec ses institutions, ses règles, ses normes, ses modes de fonctionnement, et en cherchant à comprendre qui, en son sein, est légitime pour s’exprimer, qui est écouté, et qui participe effectivement au dessin de ses orientations stratégiques. Basé sur cinquante-cinq entretiens et une observation participante, ce travail révèle une pyramide de politisation formée de trois niveaux – impolitisation, politisation traditionaliste et politisation critique –, dont le dernier niveau n’est l’apanage que d’un petit nombre, ceux qui, aux yeux de leurs collègues, sont à la fois légitimes et novateurs.
Éducation et formation professionnelle en situation de crises humanitaires : l’exemple des migrations forcées au Cameroun
Authors: Lefort-Rieu Claire
Published: March 2023

Depuis les années 2010, le Cameroun a vu se multiplier les interventions internationales visant à répondre aux déplacements forcés sur son territoire. Prenant l’exemple du secteur éducatif, cette étude interroge les liens et conséquences de ces interventions sur les acteurs et enjeux politiques, à différentes échelles. Le secteur préscolaire, tout d’abord, est réinvesti par les acteurs locaux grâce à des programmes d’aide d’urgence influençant la politique nationale de décentralisation ainsi que l’orientation des stratégies gouvernementales. L’étude de la crise anglophone souligne un processus d’humanitarisation de l’école primaire, visant à dépolitiser un conflit national en neutralisant les enjeux qui lui sont attachés. Enfin, l’exemple d’un projet de formation professionnelle permet d’analyser la manière dont acteurs étatiques, humanitaires et réfugiés s’accommodent d’un environnement politique et de ses contraintes.
Professionnels du désordre et violences organisées durant l’épidémie d’Ebola du Kivu (2018-2020)
Authors: Villa Jules
Published: March 2023

Cet article propose une lecture politique des violences organisées contre les équipes chargées de lutter contre l’épidémie d’Ebola du Kivu (2018-2020). Plutôt que de considérer ces violences comme le révélateur de croyances culturelles ou d’une compréhension fautive de la situation, ces violences sont comprises comme le produit d’une situation politique particulière. Elles s’inscrivent dans la continuité de rapports brutaux et inégaux avec l’autorité qui ont marqué l’histoire de la région. L’attention portée à la lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola a ainsi constitué une opportunité inédite d’envoyer un message contestataire dépassant le seul cadre sanitaire. Mais ces éléments n’expliquent pas à eux seuls les violences qui ont caractérisé cette épidémie : ils ne constituent qu’un terreau fertile. Ces violences organisées et planifiées servent les intérêts d’élites impliquées dans l’« Ebola business » qui ont exploité ce climat de méfiance et mobilisé la violence comme mode d’action. Dans ce contexte, la mise en place des « leçons apprises » et de séances de « renforcement des capacités » ne suffisent pas à stopper des violences qui sont organisées pour servir des intérêts.
Colonial Wars and Public Opinion in a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Bermúdez Mombiela Alfonso
Published: March 2023

The aim of this chapter will be to analyse how the main colonial powers deployed, at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, different propaganda strategies with the aim of convincing their populations that the colonial adventure was the solution to their internal problems. In addition, it is intended to deepen the knowledge, on the one hand of the forms and methods used by the different European states to transmit colonial values and disseminate their colonial discourse and, on the other, to analyse how the different populations of the metropolises reacted to the fact that his country had colonies in overseas territories, in his various responses of consent, protest, or resigned acceptance, as well as the attempts to carry out anti-colonial actions by some European leftist parties.
The Rhodesian War (1965-1980)
Authors: Álvarez Miguel Madueño , Gonzalez Julio Alfonso
Published: March 2023

The Rhodesian War (1965-1980), known to Anglo-Saxons as The Bush War and to Zimbabweans as the Second Chimurenga conflict or War of Liberation, was the conflict that pitted Ian Smith's unilateral white minority government against pro-independence Zimbabwean guerrillas supported by various communist countries. The nature of the conflict, which was characterized for the small number of combatants, the isolation of the Rhodesian regime, the presence of guerrillas, and the difficulties in obtaining materials, led to the mechanisms of counter-insurgency warfare being set in motion. In this text, the different characteristic elements of this type of warfare have been analysed in terms of combat tactics and military operations, the kind of troops, and the weaponry used as an example of a counterinsurgency conflict.
A case of hypotension and heart rate changes on rechallenge with a low dose of clozapine with no apparent secondary cause
Authors: Harshini M. L. , Fernando A. I. W. , Abayawickrama H. M. T. S. , Ikram M. I. N. , Rajapakse S. , Hapangama A.
Published: March 2023

Clozapine is known to cause innocuous as well as severe and or fatal cardiovascular side effects. These side effects are commonly reported at the initiation of clozapine therapy. We report a patient who was stable on clozapine for several years but in whom we had to withhold clozapine for medical reasons and subsequently developed significant hypotension and heart rate changes when rechallenged with a small dose of clozapine.
Depression and quality of life among caregivers of children with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Nanayakkara T. D. , Singharathna R. M. N. C. , Ginige P. , Tennakoon S. , Perera S. R.
Published: March 2023

Background: Providing care for children with mental health issues creates a huge burden on their primary caregivers and depression is recognized as one of the commonest mental health problems among caregivers of children who are unwell with psychiatric disorders. In addition, these caregivers have also been found to have a poor quality of life.
Aims: To compare the level of depression and quality of life among caregivers of children with mental and behavioural disorders with age and sex-matched controls and to describe the psychiatric disorders in children which are associated with depression and reduced quality of life in their caregivers.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the child psychiatry clinic of the Teaching Hospital Peradeniya. The study population included primary caregivers of children aged less than 18 years with mental and behavioural disorders who attended the above clinic. The control group was obtained from age and sex-matched primary caregivers of school children without any psychiatric diagnosis in the same area. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment scores were used to determine the level of depression and quality of life, respectively.
Results: We recruited 54 cases and 53 controls. The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in the cases when compared with the controls (P<0.001). The caregivers of children with mental and behavioural disorders had a significantly lower quality of life in the psychological (P=0.028) and social (P=0.025) subdomains when compared with the cases. The proportion who had depression was higher in the caregivers of children with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder and depression than in the caregivers of children with other psychiatric disorders even though this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Caregivers of children with mental and behavioural disorders had a higher prevalence of depression and lower quality of life when compared with controls. These findings highlight the need to strengthen social support networks to improve the lives of caregivers of children with mental and behavioural disorders.
A rapidly progressive painful skin lesion
Authors: Poggiali Erika , Santilli Giovanni , Vercelli Andrea
Published: March 2023

A 48-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with fever and a severe painful erythematous and ecchymotic skin lesion on the third finger of the left hand, that rapidly evolved into haemorrhagic bullae with diffuse swelling and edema of all her left hand, associated with the onset of lymphangitis in her left arm and crescendo-like pain. She denied trauma or insect bite. Her past medical history was unremarkable, except for chilblains with no sequelae. She did not take any medication. She was not a smoker. Laboratory tests showed neutrophilic leucocytosis (WBC 15,000/mm3; N 14,500/mm3), a slight thrombocytopenia (139,000/mm3), elevated C-reactive protein (12 mg/dL, normal value <0.5), increased procalcitonin (1.3 ng/mL, normal value < 0.5) and transaminases (AST 64 U/L; ALT 70 U/L, normal value 0-31). HIV was excluded.
Stress distribution in bone around an implant-supported three-unit fixed dental prosthesis using two different computer-aided designing/computer-aided milling provisional crown materials: Milled polymethylmethacrylate and milled polyetheretherketone – A finite element analysis
Authors: Barua Swagata Laxmi , Poduval T. Soorya , Rani Sapna , Jain Nandini , Thakur Swati
Published: March 2023

Background:

Occlusal loading of osseointegrated implants is believed to be an essential determining factor in the long-term success of an implant treatment. Numerous studies have been conducted on the evaluation of stress distribution by definitive restoration materials for Implant-supported fixed prosthesis, but very few have evaluated provisional restoration materials for the same. This study aims to evaluate the influence of provisional restoration material – Milled Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Milled Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), over stress distribution on the peri-implant bone around an implant-supported three-unit, fixed dental prosthesis using finite element analysis method.

Materials and Methods:

Three-dimensional models of a pair of bone-level implant system and titanium base abutments were created using the standard tessellation language data of original implant components. A bone block representing the mandibular posterior area was created, and the implants were placed in the bone block with 100% osseointegration in the 2nd premolar to 2nd molar region. A superstructure of an implant-supported 3-unit bridge was modeled on top of the abutments, each crown to be 8 mm in height and with an outer diameter of 6 mm in 2nd premolar region and 10 mm in 1st molar and 2nd molar region. Two different models were created according to combinations of provisional restoration materials, namely, Milled PMMA and Milled PEEK based on. In each model, the implants were loaded vertically (300 N) and obliquely (150 N at 30°). The stress distribution in the cortical bone, cancellous bone, and implant was evaluated through the von Mises stress analysis.

Results:

The results showed no difference in stress distribution due to the different provisional restorations – Milled PMMA and Milled PEEK. In addition, the vertical load resulted in higher stress values in the implant components, cortical bone, and cancellous bone in both PEEK and PMMA models as compared to oblique loading.

Conclusion:

The new polymer, PEEK was seen to provide comparable stress generation in the current study without exceeding the physiological limits of peri-implant bone. Thus, it can be considered as a good alternative to PMMA resin as a provisional crown material since it provides certain additional benefits.
Influence of polishing systems on surface roughness of four resin composites subjected to thermocycling aging
Authors: Elmarsafy Sahar Mohamed , Abdelwahab Safinaz Abdelfatah , Hussein Fatma
Published: March 2023

Background:

Surface smoothness considered to be a significant part of the appearance and success of the restorative materials. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of four different polishing systems on surface roughness of four resin composite materials when subjected to thermocycling.

Materials and Methods:

This research was designed as a comparative study. Four resin composites were used which are: Nanofill composite (Filtek Supreme XT), nanohybrid composite (Tetric EvoCeram), microfill composite (Renamel Microfill), and microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250). Sixty disk-shaped specimens of each resin composite were prepared then divided into four groups according to the polishing system (n = 15); which were Sof-Lex Spiral, Diatech Shapeguard, Venus Supra, and Astropol. The specimens of each group were polished following the manufactures' instructions, then surface roughness, Ra values in μm were measured initially and after the specimens subjected to thermal cycling. The influence of resin composites, polishing systems, thermocycling, and their interaction effects on surface roughness (Ra mean values) was statistically analyzed mainly by using the repeated measures two-way analysis of variance test, whereas the Bonferroni''s post hoc test was applied for pair-wise comparisons. P ≤ 0.05 was used as the significant level.

Results:

The results of this study revealed that Filtek Supreme XT recorded significantly the lowest mean surface roughness (Ra) of 0.2533 ± 0.073 μm (P < 0.001). The Sof-Lex Spiral polishing system revealed significantly the lowest mean surface roughness (Ra) of 0.2734 ± 0.0903 μm (P = 0.004). Regardless of composite type and polishing system, there was a statistically significant increase in mean surface roughness values (Ra) in μm after thermocycling (0.2251 ± 0.0496 μm and 0.3506 ± 0.0868 μm, respectively) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Resin composite type, polishing method, and thermocycling aging significantly affected the surface roughness of composites; Nanofill composite and Sof-Lex Spiral polishing system provided the lowest values of surface roughness which increased after thermocycling.
Evaluation of force decay rate in orthodontic elastomeric chains in the environment of various mouthwashes: A systematic review
Authors: Javidi Pedram , Bashardoust Nazanin , Shekarbaghani Aye
Published: March 2023

Background:

Different studies about the effects of mouthwashes on force reduction by elastomeric chains are reported in the literature. Hence, this review was done for the assessment of force degradation in the elastomeric chains in different mouthwash compositions. This study helps to improve the clinical performance of elastomeric chains used in orthodontics, reducing force degradation, and finally assisting clinicians in choosing better and more efficient methods for their treatments.

Materials and Methods:

In this review article, an extensive search was performed in the electronic databases of Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus from the year 1990–2020. No language restriction was considered and manually investigated the reference lists of all articles related to the title. Out of 450 obtained articles, 14 in vitro studies were chosen based on the inclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using modified CONSORT. This systematic review was limited and written based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol.

Results:

Based on the results achieved, mouthwashes containing alcohol caused considerable force degradation in the elastomeric chains compared to the alcohol-free ones and mouthwashes with fluoride caused lesser force degradation compared to other types.
Comparison of the success of inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia in the mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis using two anesthetic solutions of prilocaine and mepivacaine: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Eskandarinezhad Mahsa , Ghasemi Negin , Rostami Parisa , Abdollahi Amir Ardalan
Published: March 2023

Background:

This study aimed to compare the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) anesthesia in the mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis using two anesthetic solutions of prilocaine and mepivacaine.

Materials and Methods:

The current randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 patients in two groups (n = 50). Standard injection of IAN block (IANB) was performed using two cartridges of 3% mepivacaine plain in the first group and using two cartridges of 3% prilocaine with 0.03 IU felypressin in the second group. Fifteen minutes after injection, the patients were asked about lip anesthesia. In case of a positive answer, the tooth was isolated with a rubber dam. Success was defined as no or mild pain on the basis of the visual analog scale recording upon access cavity preparation, entry into the pulp chamber, and initial instrumentation. Data were analyzed with SPSS 17 using the Chi-square test, and P < 0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results:

The patients' pain severities during the three stages were significantly different (P = 0.001, 0.0001, and 0.001, respectively). The success rate of IANB during access cavity preparation was 88% with prilocaine and 68% with mepivacaine. This rate during entry into the pulp chamber was 78% and 24%, respectively, which was 3.25 times higher with prilocaine than mepivacaine. The success rates during instrumentation were 32% and 10%, respectively, which was 3.2 times higher with prilocaine than mepivacaine.

Conclusion:

The success rate of IANB in the teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis was higher using 3% prilocaine with felypressin than using 3% mepivacaine.
Path Analysis of Measured Variables of Subjective Motivational Values Toward Child Gender Tool Tested in Women of Reproductive Age in a Northern State of India
Authors: Kumar Dinesh
Published: March 2023

Background:

Structural equation modeling was done for path analysis among domain scores of motivational values toward child gender (MVCG) questionnaire. It was used to assess consistency between observed and estimated covariance matrix as theoretically assumed. The objective of the study is to identify paths to influence the power domain among selected women of Himachal Pradesh.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 655 women were interviewed and information was collected using the MVCG questionnaire. Responses to 28 questions of eight domains were used for path analysis. The model-building process was started from an assumed theoretical construct and referred to as Model-1 and changes in the model were done gradually by addition of pathway(s) within the construct. The addition of pathways was carried out to observe a good model fit.

Results:

Fit indices from Model-1 to -4 changed across models as the user-defined χ
2/df ratio decreased from 56.8 to 5.8 indicating acceptable fit. Change across models for normed-fit index, comparative fit index, and Tucker Lewis index showed that a large improvement from 0.74 to 0.94, 0.73 to 0.95, and from 0.56 to 0.90 indicating a good fit, respectively. Likewise, root mean square error of approximation reduced from 0.29 to 0.08 and standardized root mean square from 0.07 to 0.03 from Model-1 to -4, indicative of a close fit. In final model (Model-3), significantly, tradition, hedonism, and security had negative whereas, benevolence, conformity, and self-direction had positive influence on power.

Conclusion:

Path analysis observed the influence of motivational values on power through self-direction, achievement, and tradition. They were observed to be the main drivers toward decision-making process toward gender of child.
Five-Year Trend of Blood Pressure Among Industrial Workers in Haryana, India
Authors: Singh Mitasha , Goyal Pooja , Goswami Shweta , Yadav Kriti , Kumar Mithilesh , Kumari Sneha
Published: March 2023

Background:

The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has very swiftly seeped into all the classes of our society. It was a belief, a few decades back, that these diseases cannot affect the labor class or industrial workers. However, this has been proved wrong.

Objective:

To determine the trend of blood pressure among industrial workers at the same factory recorded between 2018 and 2022.

Materials and Methods:

A record-based analysis was conducted on the available records of health screening camps conducted at a steel dockyard located in Haryana, India. The blood pressure was measured using standard technique and was used as the outcome variable. Among all the records, data of 18 workers were available for all the five visits. Their trend was presented over the 5-year period. To account for regression to mean and effect of passage of time on blood pressure measurements of the industrial workers, repeated measures linear regression analysis was conducted on 18 observations at five points of time.

Results:

The prevalence of hypertension was 24.8% in the year 2018, it increased to 25.7% in 2020 and then drastically reduced to 16.8% in 2022. Among the 18 workers who were screened on all five visits, two were known hypertensives and taking treatment. Their mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) demonstrated a rising trend from baseline mean SBP of 126.61 ± 12.50 to 132.89 ± 16.19 mmHg and DBP of 81.72 ± 6.46 to 84.39 ± 12.31 mmHg. The estimated mean blood pressure in the repeated measures model was higher than the original means (although both followed the same trend over time). Although the blood pressure values of the industrial workers depicted a rising trend, the reported prevalence of hypertension was quite low. Therefore, the huge chunk of industrial population being constantly exposed to strenuous working conditions comprise of a highly vulnerable group warranting regular NCD screening and tracking.
Development of Home-Based Care Intervention Module for Filarial Lymphedema Patients
Authors: Sethi Divya , Devi Shyama , Taywade Manish
Published: March 2023

The study aims to describe the development and validation of an intervention module based on home-based care training for patients with filarial lymphedema. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were followed for the development of the intervention module. Initial steps involved the framing of the intervention module. Direct observation, interviews with patients, suggestions from five experts in community medicine, community health nursing, and plastic surgery department were conducted. The experts and patients for the discussion were chosen with the help of convenient sampling. The experts rated the usefulness and feasibility of the components on a scale of 1–5 (5 extremely helpful). The ingredients derived for the intervention module included washing and drying of limb, prevention, care of entry lesions, light oil massage, the exercise of limb, the elevation of the stem, wearing of appropriate footwear, and management of adenolymphangitis (ADL). The intervention included individual sessions with demonstration and return demonstration. The final version of the module was pilot tested among five patients and had been found to improve the quality of life. Home-based care training with low-cost interventions can improve patients’ quality of life.
Eyes Cannot See what the Mind Does not Know!
Authors: Mehta Asmita Anilkumar , Shashindran Nandita , Kunoor Akhilesh , Theja Lakshmi
Published: March 2023

We present a previously healthy female who presented with life-threatening bilateral pneumonia causing respiratory failure associated with severe hemolysis. Because of their endemicity in India, malaria, dengue, and leptospirosis top the list of differential diagnosis in such cases. However, we found an alternate cause.
High Expression of BHLHE40 Promotes Immune Infiltration and Tumor Progression in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Gong Qilin , Li Huaying
Published: March 2023

Thyroid cancer (THCA) is a common malignancy of the endocrine system which threatens people's health and life quality. It is urgent to find the marker gene of THCA. BHLHE40 is a key gene involved in tumor malignant progression. However, the role of BHLHE40 in THCA remains unclear. In this study, 346 upregulated and 302 downregulated genes were found by analyzing the Gene Expression Omnibus database. BHLHE40 was upregulated in THCA. BHLHE40 and its related differentially expressed genes were involved in cell adhesion and differentiation in THCA. Moreover, BHLHE40 was also highly expressed in THCA cells and tissues. Downregulation of BHLHE40 inhibited cell growth and metastasis. Knockdown of BHLHE40 conditioned media retarded cell migration in M2 macrophages. In addition, knockdown of BHLHE40 inhibited CD206 and CD163 expression and decreased the secretion of interleukin-10 in M2 macrophage. Therefore, BHLHE40 has the potential to be used as a biomarker of immune infiltration and tumorigenesis in THCA.
Functional Outcome of Long Proximal Femoral Nail Versus Short Proximal Femoral Nail in Peri-Trochanteric Fractures in Elderly Patient
Authors: Das Chinmoy , Phukan Kunal , Kushwaha Udit
Published: March 2023

Background:

Intertrochanteric fractures account for 5% of all hip fractures and 35–40% of these fractures are unstable three or four part fractures. Operative treatment is the best option in most of the trochanteric fractures. Evolution of intramedullary devices is a result of dissatisfaction with the extra medullary devices in intertrochanteric unstable fractures. Intramedullary nailing, with less operative time and less operative blood loss allows early weight bearing with less resultant shortening on long term follow up. Our main aim was to compare the effectiveness and drawbacks of short proximal femoral nail (PFN) versus long PFN in the management of peri-trochanteric fractures.

Materials and Methods:

This study was randomized, time bound, hospital based study conducted in a tertiary hospital, between April 2019 to April 2022. The study included 41 cases of unstable peri-trochanteric fractures divided into two groups. Patients of Group-I were operated with Short PFN and Group-II were operated with Long PFN by standard technique. Intraoperative parameters, post-operative data and events were noted. During follow-ups, patients were assessed by clinico-radiological evaluation and Harris hip score.

Results:

Total of 41 patients of peri-trochanteric fracture have been included in study out of which 24 belonged to Group-I and were operated with short PFN and rest 17 were of Group-II operated with long PFN. Though there was no significant difference in results of two Groups but use of Long PFN was found to be advantages over Short PFN in terms of the less postoperative complications, less mean time of union and better lower extremity functional scores.

Conclusion:

In our short term results, it was evident that the use of Long PFN has advantages over Short PFN in terms of the less postoperative complications, less mean time of union and better lower extremity functional scores. A study with a larger sample size would have made a better assessment of this surgical intervention.
Decision-Making of Trochanteric Fractures in Elderly
Authors: Misra Saumitra
Published: March 2023

Many factors contribute to decision making for success or failure in the management of trochanteric fractures. The purpose of this article is to address key operative decisions pertaining to these factors with evidence from current literature.
Management of Unstable Trochanteric Fracture in Elderly
Authors: Pal Ananda Kisor
Published: March 2023

Fracture around the trochanter is one of the most common fractures of the hip especially in the elderly with osteoporotic bones, usually due to low-energy trauma like simple falls within the height of individual. The unstable trochanteric fractures with poor bone quality require accurate planning and judicial surgical management for their osteosynthesis by stable fixation as well as strict postoperative care to avoid fixation failure. The purpose of this article is to discuss management of unstable trochanteric fractures.
Late Isolated Comminuted Trapezium Fracture with Carpometacarpal Subluxation
Authors: Roy Arya , Dutta Sumon , Kar Gaur Goutam
Published: March 2023

Trapezium fracture is the third most commonly occurring fracture in carpal bones, in most author series, but isolated and severely comminuted fracture with carpometacarpal subluxation is extremely rare. We report a case of a 24-year-old man who sustained a closed comminuted trapezium fracture on his left hand, with trapezio-metacarpal subluxation, presented 3 weeks after injury. He was treated by open reduction and fixation by two mini screws and provisional stabilisation of first carpometacarpal joint by two Kirshner wires. Satisfactory outcome was achieved at 6-month follow-up.
Sacralisation-Changing Concept
Authors: Mukhopadyay Kiran Kumar
Published: March 2023

Low back pain is a common complaint among middle aged and elderly persons. There are many causes but one of it could be sacralisation of lumbar vertebra. Sacralisation means addition of sacral elements by the incorporation of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The incorporation of the fifth lumbar vertebra with the sacrum may be unilateral or bilateral producing partial or complete sacralisation. Sacralisation is commonly regarded as a cause of altered patterns of degenerative spine changes. This review will focus on whether sacralisation of the fifth lumbar vertebra is a radiological entity or a clinical entity.
From Orthopaedic Museum
Authors: Chakraburtty Tapas , Keshkar Sanjay , Mazumder Dilip Kumar
Published: March 2023

Orthopaedics in India is developed by many stalwarts by the dint of their inventions and innovations. Sen’s nail is one of them that were invented by Prof. (Dr.) Biswajit Sen from Kolkata, India, in 1973 as a solution to deal with peritrochanteric fractures in elderly. Though the “Sen’s nail” is not in use now a days (because of the advent of newer and better implant and technology for such fractures), it is absolutely imperative to convey to posterity about this lifetime work and obsession of Prof. (Dr.) Biswajit Sen.
Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy for Recurrent Dislocation in Primary Total Hip Replacement-A Case Report
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Abhijit , Kumar Sanjay
Published: March 2023

Dislocation after primary total hip replacement (THR) elicits significant morbidity and also affects the quality of life. Various patients and surgery related factors are the predictors of dislocation. The present case describes with six major prior surgeries for dislocation with a long cemented stem as a major reason. After complete evaluation, our plan was extended trochanteric osteotomy for cement removal followed by distal fit interlocked long stem, use of constrained acetabular liner and a larger head. At 5th post-operative day, patient had good functional outcome and no radiographic evidence of complications.
Recovery from Progressive Cervical Myelopathy Following High-Voltage Electrical Injury
Authors: Geethakumari Vidya , Nair Lakshmi , Poovampurath Fathima Haneena
Published: March 2023

High-voltage electrical injuries are often life-threatening and can cause immediate and delayed neurologic complications. Here, we report a case of a 50-year-old male with progressive quadriplegia as a sequela of cervical myelopathy following high-voltage electrical injury and his recovery following multidisciplinary rehabilitation. The existing literature on the management of such neurological conditions is limited. While most of the available literature suggests no or minimal recovery, our patient had significant improvement following IV steroids and an early rehabilitation programme. He was reintegrated into the community successfully.
Clinical Presentation and Rehabilitation Outcomes in Post-Coronavirus Disease-2019 Vaccination Longitudinal Extensive Transverse Myelitis: Report of Three Cases with Follow-up at 8 Months
Authors: Ranga Anurag , Gupta Anupam , Prakash Navin B. , Khanna Meeka
Published: March 2023

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is an infrequent subtype of acute transverse myelitis, which presents with sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunction after a focal or widespread inflammation of the spinal cord due to either direct infection or an autoimmune response. We present case reports of three females who developed LETM following COVID-19 vaccination. Their clinical presentation, deficits and rehabilitation outcome at discharge and at 8 months follow-up have been briefly described.
Rehabilitation in Ataxia
Authors: Gupta Anupam , Prakash Navin B. , Rahman Hafis
Published: March 2023

Ataxic disorders are numerous and relatively uncommon. They can result in lesions in the cerebellum, spinal cord, thalamic nuclei, vestibular nuclei, cerebral white matter and sensory pathways. Ataxia can be acute, subacute or chronic onset and progressive in nature. As pharmacological treatment, especially in chronic and progressive ataxia, is efficient nor is generally effective in treating various issues, rehabilitation has an important role to play in alleviating symptoms and quality of life. Various rehabilitation strategies such as conventional physical and occupational therapy, gait training and coordination therapy have been used for a long time. In the last 3–4 decades, there has been an addition in the armamentarium of rehabilitation with the use of non-invasive brain stimulation, virtual reality, body weight support treadmill training and robotic gait training to improve various aspects of the illness. The current evidence with rehabilitation strategies is also insufficient, so further longitudinal studies with bigger sample size and specific goal-directed therapies are the need of the hour.
Parent's Perception and Expectations from Cochlear Implants
Authors: Sreekumar Sita , Joy Jeena Mary
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Parental perceptions and expectations are the key determinants for optimal outcomes from cochlear implants (CI). This article explores the parental perceptions and expectations of very young children who are prospective candidates for CI.

Methods

The participants of this study were 97 parents (63 mothers; 34 fathers). They completed a 40-item questionnaire which reflected the parents expected outcomes on the domains communication and social skills, academic achievements, future life, rehabilitation demands, satisfaction, stress, and professional relations. The questionnaire was administered during a group counseling session conducted for prospective CI users under the government-funded CI program in Kerala, India. The responses were descriptively analyzed to present the results.

Results

The results reveal that parents kept high expectations on communication abilities, intelligible speech, language abilities, telephone conversation, mainstream schooling, reading-writing abilities, and secure future life after their children receive cochlear implantation. Ninety-six percent of parents strongly agreed on parental involvement, intense, and prolonged therapy for maximal benefit. About 52.3% of parents were dissatisfied with the present communication and social skills of their children. About 33.3% of parents felt stressed about the rehabilitation process, whereas 78% viewed rehabilitation as their responsibility. Decision-making on CI was difficult for 48% of parents because of differing opinions among professionals.

Conclusion

Understanding parental perceptions and expectations will help the service providers to impart holistic habilitation strategies after cochlear implantation. Further documenting parental perceptions is important to correlate the future experiences and outcomes from CI.
Development and Validation of Tulu Sentence Lists to Test Speech Recognition Threshold in Noise
Authors: Bhat Shreepriya , Kalaiah Mohan Kumar , Shastri Usha
Published: March 2023

Introduction

We aimed to develop sentence lists in Tulu language to measure speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) in noise and verify the equivalence of the developed lists in noise among individuals with normal hearing.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in three phases; first, the developmental phase, collection, and development of the sentence material in the Tulu language were carried out. Sentences rated highly familiar/familiar and highly natural/natural by 80% of the raters were considered for the next phase. In the second phase, 22 sentence lists were prepared, with each list containing ten sentences of equal difficulty level in noise. The difficulty level was matched mainly based on the similarity (±1 standard deviation [SD]) of signal-to-noise ratio 50 (SNR-50), the slope of the sentences, the number of content words, and phonemes. The third phase evaluated the equivalency of developed sentence lists. Sixty-two native Tulu speakers with normal hearing sensitivity, aged between 18 and 39 years, participated. Of these 62 participants, twelve were recruited for the first phase, 20 individuals participated in the second phase, and 30 participated in the third phase.

Results

Thirteen sentence lists were equivalent and were a reliable measure of SNR-50 in native speakers of Tulu who have hearing sensitivity within normal limits. Using the sentence scoring method, the average SNR-50 of these sentence lists was − 4.19 dB with a SD of 0.21 dB. The developed sentences also had less within-subject variability than between-subject variability.

Conclusions

These 13 equivalent sentence lists provide a valid and reliable tool to measure the SRT in noise in native Tulu speakers with hearing sensitivity within normal limits.