bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЕННОСТИ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЙ ПОСТИНФЕКЦИОННОГО СИНДРОМА РАЗДРАЖЕННОГО КИШЕЧНИКА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, ПЕРЕНЕСШИХ COVID-19
Authors: Налетов А. В. , Каспир Д. В. , Гуз Н. П. , Налетова О. С.
Published: February 2021

Одним из наиболее распространенных в популяции функциональных расстройств пищеварительного тракта является синдром раздраженного кишечника. Cогласно результатам множества исследований, у 10-50 % больных с коронавирусной инфекцией отмечаются гастроэнтерологические жалобы. Целью работы было оценить особенности клинического течения постинфекционного синдрома раздраженного кишечника у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19. Было обследовано 60 пациентов с синдромом раздраженного кишечника. Для оценки наличия и выраженности основных клинических симптомов функционального гастроинтестинального расстройства у обследованных пациентов нами был использован Опросник «7х7» (7 симптомов за 7 дней). Установлено, что для пациентов с постинфекционным синдромом раздраженного кишечника, перенесших COVID-19, характерным является более тяжелая клиническая симптоматика заболевания в сравнении с пациентами с классическим синдромом раздраженного кишечника. При этом в большинстве случаев для пациентов, у которых манифестация расстройства была связана с COVID-19, характерно формирование overlap синдрома -сочетания синдрома раздраженного кишечника и функциональной диспепсии.
Evaluation of deviation of the occlusal plane to three different points of the ala-tragus line among different age group in south Indian population
Authors: Tandra Das T  , Suresh Bhat V  , Dhanraj Ganapathy
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study is to evaluate the deviation of the occlusal plane to three different points of the ala-tragus line among different age group in South Indian population. Incomplete denture prosthetics, there are four basic criteria that every satisfactory denture should achieve. They are aesthetics, phonetics, mastication and comfort. These requirements are attained by adopting proper techniques in complete denture construction. Thus, the exact determinations of the artificial occlusal plane in the upper occlusal rim while jaw registration procedures play an important role in attaining this objective. Considering the importance of the occlusal plane orientation in complete denture prostheses, planes which are steeper or inclined to the occlusal plane can be unaesthetic or cause difficulty in establishing balanced occlusion or centric occlusion, a study is done to evaluate the deviation of the occlusal plane to three different points of ala-tragus line among 15-20 years,20-30 years, 30-40 years age group individuals. Comparison of OP angle measurements with CP1, CP2 and CP3 within the four age groups. In the 15-20 years & 30-40 years age group, CP1 measurement was closest to OP followed by CP2. In the 20-30 year age groups, CP2 measurement was closest to OP followed by CP1. In the 40-50 year age groups, CP2 measurement was closest to OP followed by CP3. This study indicates or younger individual who is less than 40 years when the complete denture is constructed a superior point of external auditory meatus has to be taken as reference point & in an individual who is above 40 middlemost points of external auditory should be taken as reference point.
Comparative assessment of nutritive values and safety characteristics of bread sold in Bangladesh
Authors: Satter M.A. , Abedin N. , Jabin S.A. , Islam M.F. , Hossain N. , Ahsan A. , Sarkar A.K. , Linkon M.R. , Farhana J.A.
Published: February 2021

Safe and good quality food products are essential to minimize human health risks and to
facilitate business. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional quality and
defects of bread produced in Bangladesh. A total of sixty different types of bread sold in
Bangladesh were collected by stratified random sampling and categorized as Brand shop
(A), Local shop (B), and Street shop (C) bread. The samples were assessed for their
nutritive values, microbiological contaminations, aflatoxins, heavy metals content, and
sensory attributes. Nutrient composition and microbial quality were analyzed by using
standard methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and the
American Public Health Association (APHA). High-Performance liquid chromatography
method was used for aflatoxins determination. All categories of bread were low in macro
and micronutrients (protein, fat, calcium, and iron) and high in sodium and alcoholic
acidity. The heavy metals detected in bread (lead, cadmium, nickel and arsenic) were
within the specification. Microbiological results showed that Salmonella spp. and Bacillus
spp. were detected in many of the bread samples, whereas Escherichia coli and coliform
were found in significant amounts in all categories of bread. Another important health
concern that aflatoxins B1 and B2 were found in three bread samples of the local shops. In
terms of sensory attributes, the brand shop bread had acquired the highest score for taste,
texture, color, and overall acceptability. The study results showed that many of the bread
samples were not suitable for healthy consumption, and special awareness should be taken
for public health concern; it also warrants further research on safety and manufacturing
practices of bread in Bangladesh.
Screening of vitamin, mineral and antioxidants in selected vegetables, fruit and grains for the elderly
Authors: I. Zuwariah , M. Syahida , R. Rodhiah , H. Mohd Fakhri
Published: February 2021

Undernutrition and micronutrient deficiency are common in the elderly. Thus, screening
of natural food sources for product formulation is important to ensure proper nutrition in
older people is being maximized. Selected vegetables, fruit, and grains namely red
amaranth, green spinach, barley, corn, pineapple, and Anggun sweet potato were screened
for vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Red amaranth is a good source of vitamin C (375
mg/100 g), Vitamin A (3734 µg/100 g), vitamin B1 (9.01 mg/100 g), B2 (672.45 µg/100
g), B6 (10.7mg/100 g), B9 (76.35 mg/100 g) and zinc (12.2 mg/100 g). Corn and barley
supply minerals such as zinc (2.65 mg/100 g, in corn) and selenium (50 µg/100 g in
barley), while pineapple is rich in vitamin C (207.16 mg/100 g). Total phenolic content
(TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power
(FRAP) assay have been used to determine antioxidant activity in all samples. The highest
radical scavenging activity (DPPH) was found in pineapple. Green spinach contained the
highest amount of FRAP, and the highest TPC was found in germinated corn (germinate
for 72 hrs). From this study, it can be concluded that the combination of vegetables, fruit,
and grains during food product formulation could provide enough Recommended Nutrient
Intake (RNI) for the elderly to maintain a healthy life.
Pace of life and perceived stress in international students
Authors: Lippke Sonia , Schalk Torven , Kühnen Ulrich , Shang Borui
Published: February 2021

An accelerated pace of life greatly impacts individuals' health and lifestyles. However, this imposition has not been systematically researched within a culturally diverse sample. Thus, this study aimed to explore the subjective experience of the pace of life and its correlates in a culturally diverse sample within a German university context. This was done to test whether students (N = 156) with a migration background from other countries (n = 105) differ from students without migration background (n = 51). The pace of life, life satisfaction, stress, work-life balance, and health were measured on an individual level along with sociodemographic variables through online questionnaires. The pace of life was found to be invariant across students from different cultural backgrounds and unrelated to the length of stay at the current university. Interrelations were found between pace of life and work-life balance, r = .21, p < .05. While this study revealed perceived stress to be generally prevalent among students, the relationship between a slower pace of life and increased stress levels, ß = -.17, p < .05, disappears when controlling for health, ß = -.26, p < .01, work-life balance, ß = -.28, p < .01, and life satisfaction, ß = -.25, p < .01, as well as sociodemographic variables (only gender and medium length of stay were significant.) Furthermore, a mediation effect, b = -1.89, 95% CI [-3.598, -0.463], revealed that students cope with a faster pace of life by effective time management, which also leads to better work-life balance and in turn reduces the experienced level of stress. Future research should examine psychological mechanisms more extensively in longitudinal research and apply interventional designs to help students prevent and manage stress in the era of a fast-paced life.
Indigenous Cultural Knowledge for Therapeutic Landscape Design
Authors: McIntosh Jacqueline , Marques Bruno , Hatton William
Published: February 2021

The meanings of place and the relationship between place and health have culturally specific dimensions. This is of particular importance for indigenous people and communities as often regarding landscape as part of a circle of life, establishing a holistic perspective about health and wellbeing. The indigenous Māori of Aotearoa/New Zealand contend that their relationship with the land shapes how the cultural, spiritual, emotional, physical, and social wellbeing of people and communities are expressed. Few studies have explored the influence of the cultural beliefs and values on health, in particular the intricate link between land and health. This chapter broadens the understanding of therapeutic landscapes through the exploration of specific cultural dimensions. It contributes to the expanding body of research focusing on the role of therapeutic landscapes and their role in shaping health, through the development of new research methods.
Mechanism Between Organizational Support Factors and Motivation to Transfer: Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy
Authors: Zeshan Ahmer  , Muhammad Aamir  , Majid Ali  , Muhammad Usman
Published: February 2021

Transfer of training has turned out to be a major issue for the banking industry and the desire of successful transferability of training content can be actualized by motivating the trainees to transfer their learned skills. Therefore, this study highlighted the less studied variables from organizational factors (i.e. organizational and supervisor support) and trainee’s characteristics (i.e. self-efficacy) to develop a model for motivation to transfer. For the purpose, data were collected from 388 banking employees and the hypotheses were investigated by means of structural equation modeling using AMOS. The study found both organizational and supervisor support as contributing factors towards motivation to transfer through self-efficacy. The study has implications for the banking sector to cope with this emerging issue.
PANDANGAN GURU PRASEKOLAH DI KOTA SURAKARTA TENTANG PERAN MEREKA DALAM KONTEKS PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF
Authors: Setyowati Rini , Wardani Anita
Published: February 2021

Kunci utama dalam keberhasilan praktek pendidikan inklusi adalah peran dan tanggung jawab guru prasekolah. Tindakan yang efektif dalam pengaturan inklusi harus disadari oleh guru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi persepsi guru prasekolah tentang peran mereka dalam konteks pendidikan inklusi. Peserta adalah 20 guru prasekolah yang memiliki setidaknya satu siswa berkebutuhan khusus dikelas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan para guru. Hasilnya adalah guru mengetahui peran dan tanggung mereka dalam pendidikan inklusif, namun mereka memiliki kekurangan yang signifikan dalam pengetahuan dan strategi memadai yang digunakan untuk memenuhi peran mereka. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu berkontribusi dalam menggali pandangan guru prasekolah terhadap peran mereka dalam konteks pendidikan inklusif serta meningkatkan pengetahuan dan strategi guru dalam memenuhi peran tersebut. disimpulkan bahwa guru kurang memiliki pengetahuan, kesadaran dan keterampilan tentang sifat dan persyaratan pendidikan inklusi. Guru harus dibimbing mengenai peran yang harus mereka jalankan dalam lingkungan inklusif dan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan dalam pelaksanaanya.
Perbanding Kuat Tekan Paving Menggunakan Bahan Beton Menurut SNI dengan Bahan Campuran Limbah Las Gas
Authors: Diana Anita Intan Nura , Fansuri Subaidillah
Published: February 2021

Limbah las gas yang ditimbun dan terbuang tidak didaur ulang akan tidak bermanfaat. Peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti limbah las gas sebagai bahan tambahan pembuatan paving  block dengan tujuan menganalisis perbandingan kuat tekan limbah las gas.Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian percobaan (uji laboratorium). Penelitian menggunakan 4 komposisi campuran limbah las gas dan 1 komposisi control dengan jumlah sampel untuk masing-masing komposisi sebanyak 5 benda uji. Tahapan perbandingan (1PC : 6 PS : 0% sebagai kontrol; 1PC : 6 PS : 15%; 1PC : 6 PS : 30%; 1PC : 6 PS : 45%; dan 1PC : 6 PS : 60%), persiapan alat dan bahan, pembuatan benda uji, pengujian benda uji dan pengolahan data pengujian. Pengujian dilakukan setelah paving block berumur 14 hari.Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh data sebagai berikut: a.) perbandingan selisih rata-rata kuat tekan dari sampel komposisi satu dengan komposisi lainnya, komposisi A dan B sebesar 20.14 kg/cm2, komposisi B dan C sebesar 49.71 kg/cm2, komposisi C dan D sebesar 29.79 kg/cm2, komposisi D dan E sebesar 38.16 kg/cm2, komposisi E dan A sebesar 41.34 kg/cm2 b.)kuat tekan rata-rata untuk masing-masing komposisi secara berurutan sebesar 127.73 kg/cm2, 135.15 kg/cm2, 84.27 kg/cm2, 48.76 kg/cm2, dan 87.98 kg/cm2.
Penggunaan Campuran Serbuk Kerang Lokal Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Semen Pada Pembuatan Beton
Authors: Fansuri Subaidillah , Diana Anita Intan Nura , Deshariyanto Dwi
Published: February 2021

Pembangunan menggunakan kontruksi beton memiliki banyak keunggulan dibandingkan material struktur lainnya. Sebagai alternatif untuk memanfaatkan limbah di sekitar lingkungan, maka diperlukan penelitian campuran beton menggunakan material lain. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan kulit kerang, sebagai bahan baku utama dalam pembuatan beton, dengan variasi kulit kerang 10% dan 20%. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboraturim Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wiraraja Sumenep. Ekperimen pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan beton normal fc = 25 Mpa sebagai kontrol, Benda uji tersebut diuji dengan pengujian kuat tekan. Dalam penelitian ini sampel yang akan diuji untuk kuat tekan sebanyak 5 sampel dari setiap masing-masing variasi campuran. penelitian ini menggunakan analisis frekuensi (Distribusi Frekuensi). Dari hasil penelitian yang dieksperimenkan diharapkan mengetahui pengaruh serbuk kulit kerang sebagai pengganti semen terhadap kuat tekan beton. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beton yang menggunakan penambahan serbuk kulit kerang sebagai pengganti semen mengalami penurunan kuat tekan. Beton normal tanpa penambahan serbuk kulit kerang memiliki kuat tekan karakteristik 20,63 Mpa. Beton dengan serbuk kulit kerang 10% sebagai pengganti semen tersebut memiliki kuat tekan karakteristik sebesar 14,67 Mpa. Beton dengan serbuk kulit kerang 20% sebagai pengganti semen memiliki kuat tekan karakteristik sebesar 13,69 Mpa.
Uji Stabilitas Tanah Ekspansif Menggunakan Penambahan Limbah Bata Ringan Pada Jalan Tamanan Kabupaten Nganjuk
Authors: Laksono Mochammad Dermawan Adi , Ridwan Ahmad , Cahyo Yosef , Karisma Dwifi Aprillia
Published: February 2021

Tumpuan pertama sebuah pekerjaan teknik sipil adalah tanah. Indonesia memiliki beragam tanah salah satunya dalah tanah ekspansif seperti yang terletak pada Jalan Tamanan Kab Nganjuk. Salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi daya dukung tanah yang rendah menggunakan stabilitas tanah. Penambahan yang digunakan dengan variasi 5% 10% 15% 20%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui partikel yang terdapat pada tanah, Mengetahui hasil optimum pada batas stabilitas tanah dan pemadatan. Mengetahui sifat fisis pada tanah tersebut dengan penambahan bata ringan meliputi pengujian kadar air berat jenis,  batas konsistensi, dan pemadatan dengan uji proktor. Hasil dalam penelian tanah tersebut termasuk dalam aktivitas tanah monmorilite dan setelah dilakukan penambahan limbah bata ringan. Dengan maximum 20% dari berat kering benda uji. Nilai Liquid Limitnya turun menjadi 46,43% dan Nilai Plastis Limit menurun menjadi 35,21%, Sehingga Indek Plastis mengalami penurunan menjadi 11,22%. Pada Uji Proktor benda uji struktur tanah asli memiliki berat volume kering sebesar 8%,5% dihasilkan 9,27gr ,10 dihasilkan 10,4gr ,15 dihasilkan 10,42gr.dan 10 dihasilkan 9,9gr. Demikian dapat disimpulkan stabilitas tanah ekspansif dengan penambahan limbah bata ringan adalan 15 % cukup baik. Dengan variasi penambahan 20% mengalami penurunan.
Pentingnya Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Pada Site Proyek Konstruksi Di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Pattisinai Amanda Ristriana , Widayanti Fitri Rohmah , Nusantara Danayanti Azmi Dewi , Nadiar Feriza
Published: February 2021

Di Indonesia, kemampuan masyarakat memahami bagaimana penanganan pandemi Covid-19 dinilai sangat rendah. Konsep keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) yang merupakan salah satu aspek perlindungan ketenagakerjaan dan merupakan hak dasar dari setiap tenaga kerja sering kali diabaikan oleh perusahaan konstruksi. Berdasarkan hasil riset pada pekerja konstruksi, tingkat pendidikan pekerja konstr uksi di Surabaya tergolong rendah sehingga  sosialisasi dan edukasi dari pihak perusahaan merupakan kunci utama dislipin K3 dilakukan dalam kegiatan bekerja dalam kondisi wabah Covid-19 ini. Siapapun yang masuk dalam kategori berikut, tidak diizinkan masuk site konstruksi, antara lain bila ada anggota keluarga atau kerabat dekat yang sedang karantina atau positif Covid-19, menunjukkan satu atau lebih gejala Covid-19, dan orang yang rentan (faktor usia, kondisi klinis, hamil). Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) yang harus digunakan dalam site konstruksi antara lain masker, sarung tangan, pelindung mata, wearpack, safety footwear dan helm proyek. Peraturan-peraturan yang harus dipatuhi ketika pekerja memasuki dan memulai bekerja di site meliputi tiga tahapan yaiy ketika akan memasuki site proyek, ketika di dalam site proyek, dan ketika meninggalkan site proyek
Neoplasias de Tiroides en los hospitales Espejo; Pablo A. Suarez y E. Garcés en el periodo de 1983 -1987
Authors: Garzon V. Luis
Published: February 2021

Se analizan 101 pacientes sometidos a cirugía de tiroides; en un lapso de 5 años, comprendidos entre 1983 y 1987; 44 pacientes corresponden al H.E.E.; 42 al H.P.A.S.; y 15 al H.E. G. La sexta década de Ia vida ocupa el mayor porcentaje de presentación y su distribución por centros hospitalarios corresponde a: H.E.E.; 27.3%, H. P.A.S.: 47.6% y H.E.G. 46.7%. Existe relación de 2.17 mujeres por cada hombre. El lugar de procedencia fue el mayor porcentaje en la provincia de Pichincha, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: H.E.E.: 32.4%; H.P.A.S.: 50% y H.E.G.: 73%. El diagnóstico preoperatorio se planteó así: H.E.E.: Bocio nodular: 52.5%, H.E.G.: Ca de tiroides: 46.7%, H.P.A.S., Bocio nodular: 40/5%. El diagnóstico post-operatorio reveló los siguientes datos: H.E.E.: Ca papilar: 50%, H.P.A.S.: Ca papilar 50%, H.E.G.: Ca papilar 44%. El procedimiento quirúrgico que se efectuó fue el siguiente: H.E.E.: Lobectomias mas instmectomias 31.8% H.P.A.S. Lobectomias 31% ; H.E.G.: Tiroidectomia subtotal 50%.
Первые примеры молекулярных полихалькогенидных комплексов тулия
Authors: Дёмкин А.Г. , Савков Б.Ю. , Сухих Т.С. , Конченко С.Н.
Published: February 2021

Взаимодействием [Cp′′′2 Tm] (Cp''' = 1,3,4-трис(трет-бутил)циклопентадиенид) (1) с элементарной серой в различных условиях получены два новых полихалькогенидных комплекса тулия: [(Cp′′′2Tm)2(μ—η2:η2-S2)] (2) и [K(18-cr-6)][(Cp′′′2Tm(η2-S2)] (18-cr-6 = 1,4,7,10,13,16-гексаоксациклооктадекан) (3). Изучена реакция комплекса 2 с CS2 в толуоле, в результате было получено соединение [(Cp′′′2Tm)2(μ—η2:η1-CS4] (4), являющееся первым примером пертиокарбонатного комплекса Tm(III). Строение 2—4 установлено с помощью монокристального рентгеноструктурного анализа.
Кристаллическая структура сульфинамидов тиазинового ряда: особенности перенесения открытоцепочечного супрамолекулярного синтона из рацемического окружения в гомохиральное
Authors: Герасимова Д.П. , Племенков В.В. , Лодочникова О.А.
Published: February 2021

Проанализированы в сравнении кристаллические структуры четырех представителей сульфинамидов тиазинового ряда в плане реализации различных супрамолекулярных ассоциатов, меж- и внутримолекулярных взаимодействий. В кристаллах при сходной геометрии молекул реализуются различные упаковочные мотивы с образованием супра­молекулярных ассоциатов разного типа за счет классических водородных связей N—H⋯O вида. Исследованы особенности перенесения сульфинамидного открытоцепочечного супрамолекулярного синтона из рацемического окружения в гомохиральное, заключающиеся в появлении «вторичного сшивания».
Effect of Low Birth Weight on the Risk of Pneumonia in Children Under Five: Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Karmany Putu Anggi Widia , Rahardjo Setyo Sri ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Murti Bhisma ,   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: February 2021

ackground: Pneumonia remains the foremost cause of death from infectious diseases in children under five. Previous studies reported the association between low birth weight and pneumonia in children under five. The purpose of this meta-analysis study was to assess the effect of low birth weight on the risk of pneumonia in children under five. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study collected published articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Springer Link databases. Keywords used “birth weight” AND “pneumonia children under 5” OR “pneumonia” AND “case control”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, and using case control study design. The study subject was children under five. Intervention was low birthweight with comparison normal birthweight. The study outcome was pneumonia. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 program. Results: 6 studies from Nepal, Ethiopia, India, Tanzania, Brazil, and Egypt. This study reported that children with history of low birthweight had the risk of pneumonia 1.96 times than those with normal birthweight (aOR = 1.96; 95% CI= 0.99 to 3.86; p= 0.050). Conclusion: Low birthweight increases the risk of pneumonia in children under five. Keywords: pneumonia, low birth weight, children under five Correspondence: Putu Anggi Widia Karmany. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: putuanggiwidiakarmany@-gmail.com. Mobile: 087864306006
Association between Overweight and Hypertension in Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Firmanurulita Fadhila , Kristiyanto Agus ,   Study Program in Sport Sciences and Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Prasetya Hanung ,   Study Program in Acupuncture, Health Polytechnics Ministry of Health Surakarta
Published: February 2021

Background: The upward trend in adolescent hypertension is widely attributed to the adolescent overweight and obesity epidemic. Because of their high-risk status, intervention in overweight adolescents with associated comorbidities, such as hypertension, should be considered. The purpose of this study was to examine association between overweight and hypertension in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The articles were obtained from PubMed, Springer Link, and Google Scholar databases, which published from 2006 to 2020. Keywords used “hypertension” AND “adolescents” AND” obesity” AND “risk factor of obesity” AND “cross-sectional” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full-text, using English language, and reporting Odds ratio. The study population was adolescents. The intervention was overweight with comparison non overweight. The study outcome was hypertension. The articles were reviewed by PRISMA diagram and analyzed by RevMan 5.3. Results: 8 articles from Ethiopia, Spanyol, Canada, Taiwan, Lithuania, United States, and Malaysia were met criteria. The data analysis found low heterogeneity between groups (I2= 40%; p=0.110), so it used fixed effect model. This meta-analysis study reported that overweight increases the risk of hypertension in adolescents (aOR= 3.32; 95% CI= 3.02 to 3.66; p<0.001). Conclusion: Overweight increases the risk of hypertension in adolescents. Keywords: overweight, hypertension, adolescents Correspondence: Fadhila Firmanurulita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: missdhila@gmail.com. Mobile: 085740045026.
Factors Relating to Knowledge about Gastritical Swamedcation among Students at Pondok Hidayatussalikin Pangkalpinang
Authors:   School of Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Pangkalpinang, Djuria Rachmawati Felani
Published: February 2021

Background: Gastritis was one of the diseases that could be self-treatment handling. Usually gastritis was found middle age in many of student. This is because the student choose a task that many lectures and activites on school, not yet eat. One of the school in Pangkalpinang is Pondok Pesantren Hidayatussalikin. The purposes of this study is to know the factors that related to knowledge about self-treatment gastritis at Pondok Pesantren Hidayatussalikin Pangkalpinang. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Pondok Pesantren Hidayatussalikin Pangkalpinang. A total of 130 students were enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was knowledge about self-treatment gastritis. The independen variables were interest, experience, and information resources. Results: 125 students had knowledge about self-treatment gastritis self-treatment gastritis (96.3%), 95 students (73.6%) had gastritis, and 69 students (53.6%) got information about self-treatment gastritis from one dan two media. 88 respondents (67.7%) had good level of knowledge about self-treatment gastritis. There was no statistically significant relationship between interest, experience, and information resources on the level of knowledge about self-treatment gastritis Conclusion: Knowledge about self-treatment gastritis is not associate by interest, experience, and information resources. Keywords: self-treatment gastritis, knowledge, interest, experience, information resource Correspondence: Rachmawati Felani Djuria. School of Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health, Pangkalpinang. Jl. Telaga Biru I, Desa Padang Baru, Kecamatan Pangkalan Baru, Bangka Tengah, Bangka Belitung Province. Email: felanDJ87@gmail.com. Mobile: 081995596959. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.05
Relationship between Snacks and Beverages with the Nutritional Status among 'SAD' Children in Nyogan Village, Muaro Jambi, Jambi Province
Authors:   Study Program of Public Health, Jambi University, Kalsum Ummi , Sitanggang Hendra Dhermawan ,   Study Program of Public Health, Jambi University
Published: February 2021

Background: Malnutrition among children is still a public health problem in Jambi Province, especially in the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community. Most of the nutritional problems among SAD children are underweight and stunting. Malnutrition in SAD children could be related to their consumption patterns of snack and beverage. This study aimed to examine the relationship between consumption patterns of snack and beverage with the nutritional status among SAD children. Subejects and Method: A cross sectional was conducted in Nyogan Village, Jambi. A total of 78 SAD children aged 5-14 years was enrolled in this study using total sampling. Sample were selected using the criteria of attending Elementary School located in Transocial Village or school-age children living in the Nyogan Village. The dependent variable was nutritional status and independent variable was consumption patterns of snack and beverage. The co-variables were the pocket money, physical activity, breakfast habit, parental income, cultural factor, parental knowledge, and consumption of vegetables and fruit. Data were collected by height and weight measurements and interviews. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: Most of the children were underweight children (15.4%), overweight (10.3%), and normal (74.4%). The average pocket money was Rp. 5,000. 31% children rarely have breakfast, and 58% children came from low-income parents. Consumption patterns of snack and beverage was associate with nutritional status after controlling by physical activity, breakfast habit, income, parental knowledge, and fruit consumption habit (OR=1.48; 95% CI= 0.26 to 8.57; p= 0.659), but they were not statistically significant. The dominant factor was parental knowledge (OR= 12.37; 95% CI = 0.55 to 276.18; p= 0.112), but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: A poor consumption patterns of snack and beverage increased the risk of 1.48 times of underweight among SAD children. Parental knowledge is the dominant factor. Keywords: consumption pattern, snacks, beverage, nutritional status, suku anak dalam Correspondence: Ummi Kalsum. Study Program of Public Health, Jambi University. Jl. Tri Brata, Km 11 Unja Campus Pondok Meja Mestong, Muaro Jambi. Email: kalzoem@gmail.com. Mobile: 081314385775 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.06
Application of Rough Set Theory to Rule‐type Knowledge Discovery from Field Inspection Data on
Highway Bridges
Authors: Miyamoto Ayaho
Published: February 2021

This paper describes an acquisitive method of rule‐type knowledge from the field inspection data
on highway bridges. The proposed method is enhanced by introducing an improvement to a
traditional data mining technique, i.e. applying the rough set theory to the traditional decision
table reduction method. The new rough set theory approach helps in cases of exceptional and
contradictory data, which in the traditional decision table reduction method are simply removed
from analyses. Instead of automatically removing all apparently contradictory data cases, the
proposed method determines whether the data really is contradictory and therefore must be
removed or not. The method has been tested with real data on bridge members including girders
and filled joints in bridges owned and managed by a highway corporation in Japan. There are,
however, numerous inconsistent data in field data. A new method is therefore proposed to solve
the problem of data loss. The new method reveals some generally unrecognized decision rules in
addition to generally accepted knowledge. Finally, a computer program is developed to perform
calculation routines, and some field inspection data on highway bridges is used to show the
applicability of the proposed method.
Qualifications and Internal Checks versus Independent Proof of Structural Design
Authors: Jäger Wolfram
Published: February 2021

Against the background of European standardisation of structural engineering principles, there is
intense debate about the extent to which self-regulation and internal inspections can replace
independent inspection of calculations relating to static equilibrium, project scheduling and
execution of construction work by a third party. There is also discussion about whether the
likelihood of errors decreases and, to a certain extent, whether errors would be unlikely or would
not have a significant effect on the stability of buildings, as engineers become better qualified.
This contribution examines both questions and gives examples from the author’s practical
experience.
Numerical Modelling of Flexure-Shear Critical RC Column
Authors: Li Wencong
Published: February 2021

Predicting the inelastic hysteretic behavior of shear-critical or flexure-shear critical RC columns including flexural stiffness still remains challenging. In this paper, two kinds of lumped shear springs are modelled to simulate the inelastic behavior of a flexure-shear critical RC column using the finite-element analysis platform of OpenSees. One is the conventional shear spring; the other is the proposed new shear spring considering the load-deformation behavior of cracked reinforced concrete subjected to shear based on the Modified Compression Field Theory. Both shear springs can simulate the shear-related hysteretic behavior of the RC column. The numerical response of the proposed shear spring matches the experimental result closer than that of the conventional one.
Risk Assessment of Corroded Bridge Wires using 3D Laser Scanner
Authors: Miyachi Kazuhiro , Nakamura Shunichi
Published: February 2021

Corroded galvanized steel wires were produced and the surface roughness was measured by a 3D laser scanner. The scanned data was analysed and the depth, shape and distribution of corrosion pits were recorded. The corroded wire specimens were then cyclically loaded and the breakage positions were found. The breakage positions agreed with the severest corroded part which were found by the 3D scanner. These experiments and measurements validate that the 3D scanner can detect the weakest part of corroded wires and can predict the possible breakage positions. A simple analytical method was proposed to predict the life of corroded wires using S-N curves of corroded wires at different corrosion levels. This method was applied to a cable-stayed bridge and the remaining life of stays was found. The measurement system with 3D scanner and the associated life prediction method can be practical and useful for risk assessment of corroded wires.
Dynamic Response of a Floating Bridge Structure
Authors: Viuff Thomas Hansen , Leira Bernt Johan , Øiseth Ole , Xiang Xu
Published: February 2021

A theoretical overview of the stochastic dynamic analysis of a floating bridge structure is presented. Emphasis is on the wave-induced response and the waves on the sea surface are idealized as a zero mean stationary Gaussian process. The first-order wave load processes are derived using linear potential theory and the structural idealization is based on the Finite Element Method. A frequency response calculation is presented for a simplified floating bridge structure example emphasising the influence on von Mises stress in the pontoon from low- and high frequency waves and frequency dependence in hydrodynamic added mass and damping coefficients.
Traffic Load Simulation on Two Span Bridges
Authors: Lunabba Torsten , Julku Kimmo , Moisio Valtteri , Lilja Heikki
Published: February 2021

Destia Ltd has collected data of the traffic flow at some 20 automatic monitoring stations. The collected data was analysed and stochastic variables were determined for various characteristics of traffic composition (traffic volume, vehicle classes, features of queues, frequencies of meetings of heavy vehicles and queues, etc.). Aforementioned data together with statistics of vehicle weights were used as input parameters for stress simulations on two span bridges having variable span lengths and transversal stiffness characteristics. Results of these studies are used for the determination of appropriate design loads for load bearing capacity calculations and for the adjustments of Eurocode national parameters.
Reliability of RC members submitted to gas explosions
Authors: Hingorani Ramón , Tanner Peter , Zanuy Carlos
Published: February 2021

The present contribution addresses the reliability level implicitly required by the current design codes for the principle load-bearing elements (beams and columns) in ordinary RC structures exposed to accidental situations associated with gas explosions. A representative set of members is defined varying the parameters with the greatest effect on design within reasonable ranges. Following the establishment of the significant hazard scenarios, limit state functions for the relevant member failure modes are defined taking account of dynamic effects induced by high loading rates. Subsequent to a strict member design (Ed = Rd) according to a consistent set of codes, structural failure probabilities are derived and analyzed in the light of target ceilings demanded by current codes. The findings may be used to deduce structure-related risks and acceptance criteria for their assessment. Such criteria would facilitate rational decisions on both, the need and the appropriate choice of risk-reduction measures to counteract the effects of gas explosions in buildings.
Product and Process Platforms in Transport Infrastructure Projects
Authors: Olofsson Thomas , Jensen Patrik , Lu Weizhuo , Larsson Johan , Simonsson Peter
Published: February 2021

Construction is traditionally a trade that produces unique, one-off products designed specifically according to the project requirements. However, recently developed flexible product and process platforms in industrialized house building based on the theory of mass customisation offer products that can be customized to a large extent with affordable costs. In this paper we present a framework for how a product and process platform can be developed and used in a traditional engineer-to-order design and construction of transport infrastructure products. The framework is exemplified in a case study, where a typical concrete bridge type is modularised and customized using a product configurator. A database driven simulation model using process patterns and values stored in the platform, is then constructed to test the buildability of the bridge configuration. The results presented provide evidence that product and process platforms can support the design, and planning process of transport infrastructure projects, by integrating product and process information. The results specifically demonstrate how product configuration and database-driven simulation can be used to evaluate the effects of design alternatives and construction methods on performance measures such as productivity and environmental impact.
The rehabilitation of an aging masonry building with (new !) suspension floors
Authors: Lozupone Fabio Domenico , Gambino Giuseppe
Published: February 2021

The rehabilitation of an early '900 Industrial Archaeology building in the centre of Rome has been constrained by conservation issues due to its standing onto a unique archaeological site where Archaeological Autorities excluded any foundation works; in the meanwhile the new urban plan allowed to increase the surfaces of the building dividing 7,5m height large halls with new floors. The project had thus to transform constraints into design characteristics: xlam collaborating with steel reticolar trusses for a new light roof and xlam-steel light floors hanging below trusses and connected to the surrounding masonries by kinematically amplified viscous dampers, optimized to reduce out-of-plane seismic displacements of walls while achieving the restraint of suspension floor movements. Aspects of Standards for this particular project are also discussed.
Upgrading of an old railway bridge – the Old Årsta Bridge
Authors: Lundmark Tore , Hällmark Robert , Dahlman Lars , Collin Peter
Published: February 2021

The old Årsta Bridge, a double track railway bridge with a main span carried by a truss arch, was opened in 1929. Due to high fatigue loading and the low ductility of the rail girders and the cross girders, it was decided to replace the bridge deck in year 2015. This paper describes the project from the design stage to the reopening of the upgraded bridge.
Earthquake Damage Estimations of Byblos Potable Water Network
Authors: Makhoul Nisrine , Mikhael Eliane
Published: February 2021

Potable Water in Byblos City is provided mainly from Nahr Ibrahim River by the mean of a very old network. Moreover, since Lebanon region is considered to be a moderate to high seismic area, the aging water infrastructure needs to withstand earthquakes threat. Therefore damage estimations need to be assessed in order to mitigate seismic threat faced by the potable water infrastructure. To that purpose; data for the existing water network was gathered, files were prepared through the Geographic Information System, and then ingested and modeled through Ergo Platform using the adequately assigned lifelines fragility functions. The earthquake Potable water network damage of Byblos City was assessed in terms of three likely earthquake scenarios, and final results were offered. Possible strengthening solutions were investigated in order to recommend mitigation strategies.
Risk assessment under temporary use conditions
Authors: Tanner Peter , Hingorani Ramón
Published: February 2021

The present paper addresses the challenging issue of establishing acceptable risks or target reliability levels, taking account of temporary use conditions of structures. Acceptance criteria for building structure related-risks to persons obtained in prior studies are adapted to the special circumstances of non-permanent exposure of the building users. Thereby, the general principle followed is to maintain the same risk levels per time unit as for permanently occupied buildings. The adaption is based on the statistical annual fatality rate, a recently proposed life safety risk metric which allows for consistent comparison of risks across different societal activities and technologies. It is shown that the target reliability indexes taking account of the temporary use of buildings might be significantly higher than the values suggested for permanently used structures.
Application Research of Viscous Damping Outrigger in Seismic Design of Super High-rise Buildings
Authors: Ding Jiemin , Wang Shiyu , Wu Honglei
Published: February 2021

In the super high-rise frame-core tube structural system, outrigger and belt members can significantly improve the lateral structural stiffness and decrease the lateral deflection. However, they will bring adverse effects, such as mutations of structural stiffness and internal force. In order to take advantages of both rigid outrigger truss and viscous damper, viscous damping outrigger(VDO) is raised. Based on a super high-rise building, this paper introduces working principle and seismic energy dissipating mechanism of VDO. The discussion will firstly focus on how the outrigger truss stiffness influence on decreasing amplitude ratio, and then, the optimal position of VDO in a super high-rise building is analyzed in detail. At the final part, the application of VDO in structural seismic design of a super high-rise building in China will be clearly verified based on their feasibility, economy and safety.
Numerical Analysis on Seismic Performance of Hybrid Precast Segmental Bridge Columns
Authors: Zhang Yuye , Teng Ge
Published: February 2021

Precast Segmental Bridge Columns (PSBCs) are always used for their fast construction and low intrusion into environment and urban life. Their inadequate seismic capacity, however, become the major concern for further development in earthquake regions. In search of balanced solution, an innovative Hybrid PSBC consisted of the hysteretic behaviour of monolithic columns and conventional PSBCs, was proposed in this study. 3-D FE models of monolithic reference column and PSBC with unbonded post-tensioning were verified against experimental data. Pushover analysis for proposed Hybrid PSBC was then carried out. Results showed that for a predefined drift level of 3 %, the Hybrid models exhibited superior seismic performance against reference columns, in terms of lateral strength, initial stiffness and ductility; the proposed Hybrid models could effectively mitigate damage to segment joints; and the monolithic length in Hybrid models was proved to be a critical design parameter.
Flexible plug expansion joints – Benefits of polyurethane versus bituminous
Authors: Moor Gianni , Gallai Gustav , Meng Niculin
Published: February 2021

A much improved type of flexible plug expansion joint has been developed, with a polyurethane surface, which offers a number of substantial advantages over the traditional bituminous type. ThePolyflex®Advancedexpansion joint offers all the benefits of the asphaltic plug joint, including smooth, safe, low-noise surface, great adaptability and easy installation. However, it overcomes numerous disadvantages and challenges that have always plagued asphaltic plug joints. It offers greatly improved strength, elasticity and durability, resulting in much less maintenance and far more reliable watertightness. Installation is also far easier and less prone to error, with the two- component compound being mixed at ambient temperatures. For these reasons and others, this joint should be considered for use in bridge construction and, in particular, in bridge maintenance.
Full-scale fatigue testing with initial damage as validation of FRP road bridge design
Authors: Hiddingh Jan , Grefhorst Ronald , Veltkamp Martijn
Published: February 2021

Bridges built in fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) bring the important advantage of low-maintenance costs, thus reducing the total cost of ownership. Various kinds of FRP-constructions have been built hundreds of times in the last decade, the technology is now beyond the stage of infancy. The Province of Groningen has positive experiences with bridges and lock gates built in FRP. For a 8m span lifting bridge for road usage, the province prescribed FRP as the structural material for the deck, and in parallel required additional validation of the material’s fatigue resistance through full- scale testing.
New concepts in movable lightweight bridges in fibre reinforced polymers (FRP)
Authors: Veltkamp Martijn , Haffmans Arnoud
Published: February 2021

Low maintenance and low self-weight are two of the most important advantages of using fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) as structural material for bridges in general, and movable bridges in particular. These advantages count in both new-built and refurbishment projects. In the last few years, a variety of such structures has been constructed, enabling to compare the different typologies, their experiences and an outlook on how FRP can best be used to further employ its full potential.
Methodology for Construction Stress Evaluation for Reuse of Structural Steel
Authors: Keller Philipp , McConnell Jennifer , Thostenson Erik , Schumacher Thomas
Published: February 2021

Reuse of structural steel is uncommon despite significant environmental advantages that could be achieved via this practice. The most commonly known reason for this fact is the lack of information about stress history in used structural steel members. To address this deficiency, prior to construction, selected steel members of a steel-framed building were instrumented before they are delivered to the construction site. Continuous strain data was collected during the entire erecting process of the new building using a wireless sensor network to obtain novel information on construction-induced stresses. The collected data will be used to assess the magnitude of construction induced stresses. These stresses are assumed to deviate from design assumptions the most and are therefore the greatest concern for reusing structural steel.
An analytical model to determine the shear capacity of prestressed continuous concrete beams
Authors: Gleich Philipp , Maurer Reinhard
Published: February 2021

Structural reassessments of existing older prestressed concrete bridges based on current German standards often uncover substantial deficits in terms of the required shear reinforcement in the main girders in longitudinal direction. This is due to the negligence of the concrete shear capacity that can be determined using thecompressive arch modelas long as plane sections remain plane and only vertical cracks due to bending occur in state II. In case of inclined cracks due to shear plane sections do not remain plane. Anextended compressive arch modelis derived from experimental and numerical investigations that can determine the concrete shear capacity analytically even in case of existing inclined cracks in state II. This model also takes into account that parts of the acting shear forces are covered by the truss model.