bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Screen Types on Head Loss in Deep Wells Used for Irrigation
Authors: ORHAN Nuri
Published: March 2023

This research was carried out with the help of a deep well simulator, which is commonly utilized for irrigation studies. In this study, flow types based on Reynolds number, well drawdown, head losses, and cost changes of these head losses were analyzed for four different sieve types used in wells. In addition, the flow types and head losses for the types of screen used were examined as per the theoretical calculations.

Theoretically, the turbulent head loss among types of screens was calculated at the highest (0.37 m) in the bridge slot screen (ST4) and at least (0.028 m) in the round slot (ST3). The drawdown is the sum of the head losses for deep wells. Among the well-types, the maximum drawdown (113.46 cm) was measured within the bridge slot well type (WT4), and the minimum drawdown (50.37 cm) was measured in the horizontal slot oblong well type (WT2). The least head loss per unit flow rate in the wells was measured in the well, which was formed with a horizontal oblong slot (WT2) screen. Here, gravel and screen hole position affected the percentage of clogging in the screens. Overclogging of the screens caused the narrowing of the opening area, increased flow velocity and turbulent head loss, and increased drawdown.

It has been revealed that the use of a horizontal oblong slot screen minimizes the head loss in the wells, depending on the physical properties of the gravel used in this study. One of the most important factors to be considered in well designs is the compatibility of the screen type depending on the physical properties of the gravel. Even the change of the geometric shape among the screen types having similar apertures changed the blockage of the gravel, causing the head loss to change. The well-designers should pay attention to the selection of gravel depending on the screen type or the selection of the screen depending on the type of gravel used.
Unusual Abscess Caused by Brucella Melitensis
Authors: Eftekhari Nasim , Mohammad Bagheri Amir Hossein
Published: March 2023

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease which any organ can be involved. Soft tissue lesions are rare manifestations of brucellosis. Brucella breast abscess in animal is not uncommon; involvement of the breast in human brucella is extremely rare. Breast abscess involvement was reported to 0.7% of the patient with brucellosis. We report the microbiological findings of breast abscess due to brucella. A 38-year-old woman living in the rural area of Kerman, Iran, presented with an abscess in the right breast. The sampling of the abscess aspiration and preparation of smears showed inflammatory fluid. Culture and PCR performed from the sample identified the presence of Brucella melitensis. The lesion had diminished in size after 8 weeks of treatment with combined doxycycline and rifampin. The possibility of breast abscess being caused by Brucella should be considered in countries, especially in endemic regions. Besides, isolated Brucella spp from microbiological cultures is important for a definitive diagnosis.
Portal Vein Thrombosis in a Woman with a Large Uterine Fibroma
Authors: Almassinokiani Fariba , Akbari Peyman , Almasi Nokiani Alireza , Sarchami Niloufar
Published: March 2023

This article presents a case of portal vein thrombosis accompanied by a large uterine fibroma. A 37-year-old virgin woman presented with vaginal bleeding, abdominal mass, fever, dyspnea and lower limbs edema. In past medical history, she did not have any systemic diseases. She had menometrorrhagia from four years ago. She was admitted with diagnosis of a large uterine fibroma and was suspected of COVID 19 pneumonia or thrombophlebitis. The final diagnosis was a large uterine fibroma with chronic portal vein thrombosis. Although uterine fibromas are benign tumors, they may make serious life-threatening complications like thrombosis. The cause of thrombosis is the pressure effect of fibroma and/ or transfusion to treat anemia. Although there may be other unknown etiologies for thrombosis in these patients. We suggest that existence of a large uterine myomas should be known as a risk factor for thrombosis ( like IBS, Covid 19 and etc.) and be given a score in Caprini Score system, to start anticoagulation before and after any surgical intervention.
Antifungal Effect of Ginger Essential Oil Spray on Candida albicans Adhering to Self-Cure Acrylic Plates
Authors: Azizi Zahra , Mahdavi Omran Saeid , Sheikhzadeh Sedigheh , Gholinia Hemmat , Gharekhani Samane
Published: March 2023

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ginger essential oil spray for elimination of Candida albicans (C. albicans) adhering to self-cure acrylic plates.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 120 self-cure acrylic discs were contaminated with C. albicans and randomly divided into four main groups: exposure to ginger essential oil, nystatin (positive control), distilled water (negative control), and no exposure. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ginger oil and nystatin was determined by the microdilution test. The stability of C. albicans was determined by culturing the samples of treated acrylic plates and comparing the mean number of remaining colonies. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn test with Bonferroni correction.  P<0.05 was considered significant
Results: The MIC of ginger essential oil and nystatin was found to be 1560µg/mL and 4µg/mL, respectively. The differences between the mean count of C. albicans colonies before (10175±10730.25) and after the exposure to ginger essential oil (542.86±464.81) and nystatin (257.14±247.67) was statistically significant (P<0.001). The mean number of C. albicans colonies after spraying with nystatin was not significantly different compared with ginger essential oil (P=0.204). The efficacy of nystatin and ginger essential oil at each time was significantly more than distilled water (P<0.001). At 10 and 15min, there was no significant difference between nystatin and ginger essential oil groups (P=0.05).
Conclusion: Ginger essential oil spray was found to be a simple and effective method for elimination of C. albicans adhering to acrylic discs.
Advancing the Nigerian health system through advanced practice nursing
Authors: Jonathan Arowolo Damilare , Olarinde Oluwatosin Comfort , Oluwafunmilayo Tola Yetunde , Ogunlowo Bose Cecilia , Akingbade Oluwadamilare
Published: March 2023

Background & Aim: To meet the changing global population needs and demands of patient care, healthcare systems worldwide are under restructuring and transformation. Advanced practice nursing has been adopted in many developed countries to meet pressing issues like workforce shortage and equitable distribution of competent healthcare professionals. However, Nigeria is yet to take advantage of this initiative despite being seriously affected by these issues. This article documents the need for and prospects of advanced practice nursing in Nigeria.
Methods & Materials: A descriptive theoretical and empirical literature analysis was done to explain the impact of advanced practice nursing in advancing the Nigerian health system.
Results: The expertise and capacity of the nursing workforce, especially its numerical strength, can be utilized to improve Nigeria’s health system and achieve the global goal of making quality healthcare accessible and available to all, thereby achieving universal health coverage.
Conclusion: Elevating the competencies of nurses through investments in advanced practice nursing will make primary healthcare available to Nigerians living in poverty, rural dwellers, youth, and children, thereby reducing the burden of diseases and improving health promotion and disease prevention.
Nurses' knowledge and use of the nursing process in two major hospitals in Fako, Cameroon
Authors: Bassah Nahyeni , Esther Epie Ngueng Nti , Ngunde Palle John
Published: March 2023

Background & Aim: Although the nursing process can help ensure the quality of nursing care, some nurses do not implement it in patient care. This study assessed nurses' knowledge and use of the nursing process in two major hospitals in Fako.
Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional design with a purposive sample of 101 nurses was used. In addition, 310 randomly selected files of hospitalized patients were examined for the presence and effective use of a nursing care plan. A questionnaire was used to collect data on knowledge and use of the nursing process among nurses, while a checklist was used to audit hospital files for adequate use of the nursing care plan. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, with the aid of SPSS version 20, with all statistics at Alpha=0.05.
Results: The majority (85.1%) of participants had a mean knowledge score of 8.5/10 (1.06). There was a statistically significant association between nurses' knowledge and gender (χ2=17.998, P=0.003), age group (χ2=49.809, P=0.000), qualification (χ2=65.989, P=0.003) and duration of work experience (χ2=28.158, P=0.021). Most nurses (62.6%) reported using the nursing process only sometimes during patient care. There was a statistically significant association between nurses' age (χ2=9.723, P=0.049), qualification (χ2=34.67, P=0.000), and use of the nursing process. Only 42 files had a complete nursing care plan. Increased workload and nursing shortages were found to hinder the use of the nursing process.
Conclusion: Nurses had good knowledge of the nursing process but did not effectively use it. Thus, the quality of care received by patients in these hospitals is questionable. Strategies to improve the use of the nursing process are needed for effective nursing care.
Prediction of Homesickness Based on Maladaptive Schemas, Psychological Flexibility, and Social Desirability among Medical and Paramedical Female Students in Dormitories in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2022
Authors: Demehri Farangis , Abooei Azade , Jalayer Maryam
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Being away from anything familiar, stable, comfortable, or positive can lead to a sense of homesickness. This study aims to predict homesickness based on maladaptive schemas, psychological flexibility, and social desirability in female students residing in dormitories of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population comprised all the female students residing in dormitories of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The sample included 125 students selected using convenience sampling method. The students filled out the following questionnaires: the Utrecht Homesickness Scale, the Young Schema Questionnaire, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and the Marlowe Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression.
Results: According to the findings, psychological flexibility and social desirability significantly and negatively (p<0.05) predicted homesickness. Furthermore, schema of mistrust, social isolation, defectiveness, emotional deprivation, dependence, vulnerability, an underdeveloped self, failure, entitlement, insufficient self-control, subjugation, emotional inhibition, and unrelenting standards significantly and positively predicted homesickness in the students (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that homesickness among dormitory students can be predicted through their maladaptive schemas, and perception of social desirability.
Facilitating and Inhibiting Factors regarding Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Homayuni Atefeh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease related to the central nervous system, which affects the patients' quality of life. Several factors play the roles of facilitators and inhibitors concerning the life quality of these patients. This study aims to explain the facilitating and inhibiting factors with regard to the life quality of MS patients.
 
Methods: The present study was conducted through a conventional content analysis approach. Through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews, 18 MS patients referring to the Isfahan MS Association were selected. Data collection continued until data saturation was reached. For data management, MAXQDA-10 software was used.
 Results: Through content analysis of the interviews, 4 main categories and 15 sub-categories were identified. The main categories included personal facilitators (leisure time and coping strategies), interpersonal facilitators (exercise therapy, social support and social organizations), interpersonal inhibitors (physical problems, psychological disorders, uncertain future, functional limitations, losing job and poverty) ,and environmental inhibitors (disease and treatment process, caregivers' fatigue, insufficient information about MS, family tensions, and fun and entertainment).
Conclusion: According to the results of the current research, by taking measures such as providing educational and psychological services for patients and their caregivers, appropriate insurance coverage, easy access to drugs, especially foreign ones with reasonable tariffs, social and financial support, raising the society's awareness regarding this disease and developing an appropriate urban texture can help to improve the quality of life in MS patients.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of caregiver of the elderly with Alzheimer's regarding this disease in Yazd city, 1400
Authors: Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seied Saeed , Shahab kamaladdini Seied , Mohammad Bagher Kamaladdini Seied
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Along with the increase in the elderly population, caring for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease has become a challenge in the field of their health and well-being. Also, the need for caregivers is increasing due to the lengthening of the care period. Considering that the nurses of Alzheimer's patients play the main role in providing services to the elderly, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the state of knowledge, attitude and practice of the caregiver of elderly Alzheimer's patients in Yazd city.
Methods: This study was descriptive. The sample size was 60 caregiver of elderly people with Alzheimer's disease in Yazd city. The sampling method in this study was based on the vailability of statistical research and consulting facilities. The data collection tool in this study was a four-part questionnaire (demographic, knowledge, attitude and practice) that was used in a similar study. Data were analyzed with spss24 software and using descriptive statistics as well as t-test and Anova.
Results: The average age score of nurses was 62.73 ± 11.78. The average score of knowledge, attitude and practice of elderly caregiver were 21.58 ± 1.87, 35.65 ± 2.84 and 12.57 ± 1.28, respectively. The data showed that there is a significant relationship between the knowledge score and family ratio and previous experience of care. Also, there is a significant relationship between attitude score and previous care experience (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the importance of caregivers' knowledge of the phenomenon of aging and Alzheimer's disease, it is suggested to provide appropriate training to improve the knowledge and change the attitude of caregivers of the elderly in order to improve the quality and provide better and more suitable services for the elderly.
Hibridni zaposleni – hibridni potrošnik
Authors: Bernik Mojca
Published: March 2023

Znanstvena monografija Transformacija kadrovskega managementa razčlenjuje področja delovanja kadrovskega managementa, ki so bila izpostavljana zadnja leta spremembam v okolju. V sklopu kadrovskega managementa se uporabljajo novi pristopi in načini delovanja, ki izhajajo iz možnosti uporabe informacijske tehnologije in sprememb na globalnem tegu dela. Vsebina znanstvene monografije Transformacija kadrovskega managementa razčlenjuje problematiko izzivov dolgožive družbe, ki na področju kadrovskega managementa zahteva vpeljavo sprememb načinov dela starejših zaposlenih. To zahteva prilagoditev ključnih delovnih ciljev delovnih mest, kar poseže v definiranje in preoblikovanje opisov delovnih mest. Pričajoča znanstvena monografija obravnava tudi spremembe v delovanju zaposlenega zaradi razvoja informacijske tehnologije. Le ta je povzročila spremembe v delovanju zaposlenega, ki ga zaradi različnih načinov dela imenujemo hibridni zaposleni in ga lahko primerjamo z hibridnim potrošnikom. Uporaba sodobnih tehnologij je uvedla spremembe tudi na področju izobraževanja, ki omogočajo kadrovskemu managementu razvoj pametnih učnih okolij in s tem individualen način učenja.
Outbreak Prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the Work Area of the Baqa Health Center, Samarinda City
Authors: Dewi Sukma , Sunarti Sri , Fitriana Yennike , Amalia Nida , Arif Weldy Andy , Puspita Sunia Eka , Agsyam Nur Afifah , Novita Sari Maria Indri
Published: March 2023

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the endemic diseases in East Kalimantan, which is caused by the dengue virus through the bites of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes that bite humans. Samarinda City is one of the areas that has experienced an increase in DHF cases, especially in the working area of the Baqa Health Center. This community service activity aims to carry out epidemiological investigations to prevent and limit DHF transmission in the working area of the Baqa Health Center. Activities carried out during the DHF epidemiological investigation include observing the surroundings of the house, examining larvae at the houses of DHF sufferers or other suspects as well as the environment around the house, visits to RTs related to anticipating the spread of DHF cases by providing leaflets and abates and providing larva observer books at each house. The results of the activity show that the response to epidemiological investigations is effective in increasing public knowledge and awareness of DHF transmission. The proactive attitude of the community to report DHF cases also needs to be done so that there are no delays in intervening DHF cases.
Życie prywatne młodych dorosłych. Raport z badań z zakresu socjologii seksualności par i młodzieży
Authors: Giraud Christophe
Published: March 2023

Artykuł przedstawia przegląd badań socjologicznych, przeprowadzonych we Francji, na temat życia emocjonalnego i seksualnego młodych ludzi. Młodość, początkowo definiowana w odniesieniu do ról dorosłych (osób aktywnych zawodowo, małżonków, rodziców...), była dość negatywnie postrzegana jako okres „latencji”, zawieszenia oczekiwań lub eksperymentowania. Życie intymne młodych ludzi było wówczas interpretowane jako „młodość seksualna” przeplatana pozamałżeńskimi doświadczeniami, powodowanymi niemożnością stabilizacji w związku małżeńskim.

Inne podejście konstruuje młodych ludzi jako zależnych (od ich rodziców) i jednocześnie autonomicznych. Doświadczają oni młodości jako pozytywnego i cenionego okresu osobistego rozwoju. Życie intymne młodych dorosłych można zatem rozumieć jako okres aktywnej socjalizacji, w którym doświadcza się różnych rejestrów związków i nabywa się niezbędnego dla jednostki doświadczenia miłosnego i seksualnego.
Ubiór i tożsamość. O znaczeniu odzieży dla bohaterów transpłciowych
Authors: Kujawska-Kot Anna
Published: March 2023

Autorka artykułu podejmuje zagadnienie znaczenia ubrań dla osób transpłciowych (koncentrując się na osobach transseksualnych) w trakcie procesu tranzycji i po korekcie płci. Przedmiotem badań są opisy doświadczeń transkobiet i transmężczyzny zawarte w egodokumentach. Do badań tekstów transseksualnych autorów zastosowano teorię autobiografii Janet Verner Gunn, dla której kluczowe są kategorie życia i synekdochy. Analizie i interpretacji poddano emocje wyrażane za pomocą ubrań pozwalających na uzewnętrznienie płci psychicznej. Zwrócono uwagę na odzież noszoną na co dzień, która informuje o tym, jak bohaterowie relacji autobiograficznych radzą sobie z przeglądaniem się w społecznym lustrze: od nieśmiałości objawiającej się poprzez androgyniczny strój przez jego krzykliwość (wynikającą z opresyjnej normatywizacji) aż po odnalezienie sposobu wyrażania siebie. Codzienna garderoba jest dla bohaterów transseksualnych ważnym elementem uzewnętrznienia tożsamości zgodnej z odczuwaną płcią.
Cambio de residencia de un menor durante el proceso y perpetuatio iurisdictionis. Comentario a la sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia (Sala Cuarta) de 14 de julio de 2022, asunto C-572/21
Authors: Carrillo Pozo Luis F.
Published: March 2023

Cuando se ponen en contacto dos formas distintas de resolver la duda de cómo afecta un cambio de residencia habitual a la competencia judicial internacional en materia de protección de menores (perpetuación de la jurisdicción en Bruselas II o transferencia de la competencia en el Convenio de La Haya sobre protección de menores de 1996), hay que optar, y eso es lo que hace la sentencia del TJ de 14 de julio de 2022, anclando su respuesta en motivos propios del Derecho de los tratados, y haciendo prevalecer en consecuencia la solución del Convenio.
La incidencia de la doctrina de los actos propios en la aplicación del CH 1980 a supuestos de sustracción internacional de menores. Comentario a la SAP Oviedo de 7 de abril de 2022
Authors: Sánchez Cano Mª Jesús
Published: March 2023

La SAP Oviedo de 7 de abril de 2022 desestima un recurso de apelación formulado por el padre de una niña menor de edad contra la Sentencia dictada por el Juzgado de Primera Instancia nº 7 de Oviedo, por la cual se decreta que no procede acordar la restitución a Reino Unido de la hija menor, que había sido trasladada por la madre a nuestro país. Ello, sobre la base de que el traslado de la niña a España desde el Reino Unido fue consentido por su padre, que fue quien interpuso la demanda y el posterior recurso de apelación contra la sentencia dictada en primera instancia, que rechaza sus pretensiones.
La determinación de la ley aplicable al contrato de cesión de créditos con elemento internacional. A propósito de la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de Soria de 21 de junio de 2022
Authors: Sánchez Cano Mª Jesús
Published: March 2023

Los litigios que tienen por objeto una cesión de créditos con elemento internacional plantean numerosos inconvenientes, en particular, por lo que respecta al sector de la ley aplicable. En el caso de la Sentencia examinada, la Audiencia Provincial de Soria rechaza la aplicación directa del Derecho Privado interno, sin el previo recurso a las normas de Derecho internacional privado vigentes en España, declarando que el Tribunal se encuentra facultado para aplicar de oficio las normas de conflicto relativas a la ley aplicable al contrato de cesión de créditos. Ello, con la finalidad de verificar si ha tenido lugar válidamente la sucesión procesal por transmisión del crédito litigioso en favor de la empresa demandante.
Issues of intensive care and liver transplantation tactics in fulminant liver failure
Authors: Agumava L. U. , Gulyaev V. A. , Lutsyk K. N. , Olisov O. D. , Akhmetshin R. B. , Magomedov K. M. , Kazymov B. I. , Akhmedov A. R. , Alekberov K. F. , Yaremin B. I. , Novruzbekov M. S.
Published: March 2023

Fulminant liver failure is usually characterized as severe acute liver injury with encephalopathy and synthetic dysfunction (international normalized ratio [INR] ≥1.5) in a patient without cirrhosis or previous liver disease. Management of patients with acute liver failure includes ensuring that the patient is cared for appropriately, monitoring for worsening liver failure, managing complications, and providing nutritional support. Patients with acute liver failure should be treated at a liver transplant center whenever possible. Serial laboratory tests are used to monitor the course of a patient's liver failure and to monitor for complications. It is necessary to monitor the level of aminotransferases and bilirubin in serum daily. More frequent monitoring (three to four times a day) of blood coagulation parameters, complete blood count, metabolic panels, and arterial blood gases should be performed. For some causes of acute liver failure, such as acetaminophen intoxication, treatment directed at the underlying cause may prevent the need for liver transplantation and reduce mortality. Lactulose has not been shown to improve overall outcomes, and it can lead to intestinal distention, which can lead to technical difficulties during liver transplantation. Early in acute liver failure, signs and symptoms of cerebral edema may be absent or difficult to detect. Complications of cerebral edema include increased intracranial pressure and herniation of the brain stem. General measures to prevent increased intracranial pressure include minimizing stimulation, maintaining an appropriate fluid balance, and elevating the head of the patient's bed. For patients at high risk of developing cerebral edema, we also offer hypertonic saline prophylaxis (3%) with a target serum sodium level of 145 to 155 mEq/L (level 2C). High-risk patients include patients with grade IV encephalopathy, high ammonia levels (>150 µmol/L), or acute renal failure, and patients requiring vasopressor support. Approximately 40 % of patients with acute liver failure recover spontaneously with supportive care. Predictive models have been developed to help identify patients who are unlikely to recover spontaneously, as the decision to undergo liver transplant depends in part on the likelihood of spontaneous recovery of the liver. However, among those who receive a transplant, the one-year survival rate exceeds 80 %, making this treatment the treatment of choice in this difficult patient population.
The expression of BMP4 and FGF2 in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) post application of gourami fish (Osphronemus goramy) collagen
Authors: Prahasanti Chiquita , Arini Niken Luthfiyya , Wulan Kurnia Dwi , Hendro Onge Victoria , Wijaksana I Komang Evan , Ulfah Noer , Kusumawardani Banun , Hari Padmini , Abullais Shahabe Saquib
Published: March 2023

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissue that is characterized by alveolar bone resorption. This occurs due to an imbalance of osteoblast and osteoclast during the bone formation and resorption processes. In order to obtain complete regeneration of periodontal tissue, bone grafting is frequently used in periodontal surgical therapy. Although each material has disadvantages, safe graft materials derived from animal sources can be employed as an alternative to bone graft materials. Osteoblast, osteoclast, calcified bone matrix, type I collagen, osteonectin, and hydroxyapatite can all be found in gourami scales, a form of food waste. BMP4 has osteoinduction functions, which are important in bone metabolism. Through angiogenic activity, FGF2 also contributes to periodontal regeneration. Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the expression of BMP4 and FGF2 after the treatment group had been given gourami fish scale extract. Methods: Thirty-two experimental three-month-old male Wistar rats (150-200g) were randomly divided into four groups: a seven-day control group, a seven-day treatment group, a 14-day control group, and a 14-day treatment group. One mandibular incisor was extracted from each Wistar rat. The post-extraction socket was filled with blood for the control group and collagen extract for the treatment. Results: The one-way ANOVA test showed a significance level of 0.000 (p = <0.05). Conclusion: The expression of BMP4 and FGF2 increased after the application of collagen extract from gourami scales.
Degradation of Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilm and quantity of reactive oxygen species due to a combination of photodynamic therapy and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite
Authors: Zubaidah Nanik , Sukaton  , Kunarti Sri , Ariani Meidi Kurnia , Setiady Dawailatur Rahman , Lashari Dur Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Background: The persistence of microorganisms in the root canal system is one of the leading causes of root canal treatment failure. Biofilms of putative pathogens hidden inside dentin tubules and other root canal ramifications may limit current disinfection protocols. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a wavelength of 628 nm can be used as an antimicrobial strategy that uses low-power laser energy to activate a non-toxic photosensitizer to produce singlet oxygen with the ability to kill microorganisms in root canals. Fusobacterium nucleatum was used because this bacterium is one of the bacteria involved in root canal infection. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the bactericidal efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 2.5%, PDT, and a combination of PDT and NaOCl 2.5% against Fusobacterium nucleatum. Methods: Mature biofilm Fusobacterium nucleatum was divided into four groups according to the protocol of decontamination: K1 (negative control – biofilm), K2 (NaOCl 2.5%), K3 (PDT), and K4 (NaOCl 2.5% + PDT). Biofilm degradation was observed using optical density (OD) at 570 nm using a microplate reader. A reactive oxygen species quantity check was carried out using a nitroblue tetrazolium test, and OD observation was done with a microplate reader at 540 nm. Results: Group 4 (NaOCl 2.5% + PDT) showed more biofilm bacteria elimination than the other groups. Conclusion: A combination of PDT and NaOCl 2.5% can be considered an effective protocol for the elimination of Fusobacterium nucleatum. There is a potentiation relationship between NaOCl 2.5% and PDT FotoSan. Biofilm degradation occurs because of the effect of antibacterial NaOCl 2.5% and the irradiation effect of the Toluidine blue O photosensitizer.
Aesthetic consideration in patient management of severe periodontitis aggravated by oral dexamethasone
Authors: Savitri Irma Josefina , Wijaksana I Komang Evan , Arief Okkinardo , Falah Muhammad Nur , Tedjosasongko Udijanto , Siswanto Olivia Bambang , Ouhara Kazuhisa , Kurihara Hidemi , Mizuno Noriyoshi
Published: March 2023

Background: The treatment of severe periodontitis must consider immune responses and local conditions, including the aesthetical aspects. The tooth loss in the anterior area can lead to a psychological issue in some patients, and the daily use of dexamethasone contributes greatly to the severity of aesthetical aspects. Periodontal treatments must be cautious of these aesthetical effects. Purpose: To report the aesthetical consideration in patient management of severe periodontitis aggravated by oral dexamethasone. Case: The 44-year-old female patient reported having tooth mobility in the upper right and left central incisor and lower right and left posterior. Due to the condition, the central anterior needed to be extracted. The patient had seafood allergies and consumed oral dexamethasone periodically to prevent allergic reactions for two years. Case management: The initial periodontal therapy was designed prior to the tooth extraction, socket preservation, and immediate denture on teeth 11 and 21. A metal frame combined with an acrylic denture was designed to support the tooth splint and replace the teeth on the mandible. The patient was treated with 20 mg of sub-antimicrobial-dose doxycycline twice a day for three months, and vitamin E was prescribed once a day. Since dexamethasone may contribute to immune response and osteoclastogenesis, dexamethasone was replaced by cetirizine. Conclusion: The treatment of severe chronic periodontitis must consider immune responses, local conditions, and aesthetical aspects. In this case, the use of dexamethasone might worsen the periodontal breakdown. However, the periodontal treatment, use of host modulation therapy, and replacement of dexamethasone with cetirizine are expected to improve these conditions.
Inhibitory test of andaliman (Zanthoxylum achantopodium DC) extract mouthwash against dental plaque bacteria
Authors: Amalia Martina , Yosuana Priscillia Sekar , Mohammad Iqlima Salsabila binti , Nababan Filya Suri Risky , Zulkarnain  , Wulandari Pitu , Nasution Aini Hariyani , Syahputra Armia
Published: March 2023

Background: Andaliman (Zanthoxylum achantopodium DC) is an endemic plant that is found in the province of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. It contains secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids/steroids, which can potentially be used as a mouthwash. Streptococcus sanguinis and Staphylococcus aureus are the primary colonizing bacteria in plaque formation. Bacterial plaque is known to be the main cause of periodontal disease but can be controlled mechanically and chemically using mouthwash. Purpose: To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of andaliman extract mouthwash (2%, 4%, 8%) against Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC®10556™ and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™. Methods: This is a laboratory study with a post-test control-only design. The sample consists of andaliman extract mouthwash (2%, 4%, 8%), a positive control (chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2%), and a negative control (mouthwash formulation without andaliman extract) with three repetitions for each group. Data were analyzed with the one-way ANOVA test and post hoc LSD test. Results: The andaliman extract mouthwash with concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 8% significantly reduced the number of Streptococcus sanguinis and Staphylococcus aureus colonies (p<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the andaliman extract mouthwash with concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 8% compared to the negative control. Conclusion: Andaliman extract mouthwash with a concentration of 8% was more effective in inhibiting Streptococcus sanguinis growth than Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC values for both bacteria were 2%, but the study could not determine the MBC value.
Revolutionizing Agriculture Supply Chain Management: Latest Technologies Making a Difference
Authors: Hasan Ikram , Habib Md. Mamun
Published: March 2023

Agriculture supply chain management (ASCM) involves the efficient coordination of activities from the production of agricultural products to the delivery of those products to the end consumers. In recent years, there has been an increased focus on leveraging technology to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the agriculture supply chain. This paper explores some of the latest technologies that are being used to improve the agriculture supply chain management.
Préserver les écosystèmes aquatiques pour faire face à la sécheresse
Authors: ROUSSET Hugo
Published: March 2023

L’année 2022 est marquée par une sécheresse historique, « la plus grave jamais enregistrée » selon les termes de la Première Ministre Élisabeth Borne. Parmi les dommages de cette sécheresse majeure, on observe des ruptures d’alimentation en eau potable sur la totalité du territoire métropolitain, des rendements agricoles, industriels et commerciaux largement réduits, une production hydroélectrique limitée au maximum et des tensions sur les usages touristiques. Hors usages anthropiques, se posent la question des dégâts d’une telle sécheresse sur les milieux aquatiques et celle de leur résilience. Bien que considérée comme un « usage » prioritaire de l’eau, la préservation des écosystèmes entre en confrontation directe avec les usages anthropiques et cet article a pour objectif d’interroger cette confrontation. Malgré un cadre de gestion de la crise sécheresse réformé en 2021-2022 et prenant en compte les écosystèmes sur le papier, ceux-ci se voient parfois dévoyés face à une sécheresse inédite. Leur résilience en est ainsi détériorée et se pose la question des impacts de cette détérioration sur la résilience de l’espèce humaine.
Certified Reference Materials for Phase Transition Temperatures of Organic Substances On the Basis of Anhydrous Sodium Acetate and Sodium Methansulfonate
Authors: Shipitsyn A. P. , Nepomiluev A. M. , Tyurnina A. E.
Published: March 2023

The requirements for thermal analysis instruments are increasing in terms of increasing the measurement ranges and improving their accuracy due to the development of scientific and technological progress in the field of metrological supervision, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The study of determining the melting point of organic substances is of particular relevance for the metrological support of the applied thermal analysis instruments and traceability to the base units of physical quantities.

The purpose of the research was to test the possibility of using organic substances on the basis of sodium acetate and sodium methanesulfonate as phase transition temperatures standards for candidate material to certified reference materials for phase transition temperatures (CRMs) traceable to the SI unit of the «temperature» value.

The procedure for measuring the phase transition temperatures (melting point) was performed by differential scanning calorimetry using an STA 449 F5 JUPITER thermal analyzer from the GET 173–2017 State Primary Standard. The determination of the CRM certified value was performed in accordance with GOST ISO Guide 35–2015, the contributions to the uncertainty from the heterogeneity of the starting materials were evaluated, and the short-term and long-term stability of the materials were studied.

The obtained metrological characteristics of the investigated batch of CRMs are as follows: the range of permissible certified characteristics of the melting point of the phase transition for anhydrous sodium acetate (328.35–330.35) °C, for sodium methanesulfonate (352.05–354.05) °C. Comparison of the certified melting point values of the developed CRMs with the reference melting point values presented in IUPAC showed that the certified characteristics of the CRMs are consistent within ±1.4 °C.

The theoretical significance of the obtained results lies in the proof of the possibility of applying the method of differential scanning calorimetry for the development of certified reference materials for phase transition temperatures (a set of TPKR CRMs) GSO 11928–2022/GSO 11929–2022.

The practical significance of the results obtained makes it possible to expand the possibility of establishing and controlling the calibration dependence of thermal analysis measuring instruments; certification of measurement procedures (methods) and accuracy control of the measurement results of the phase transition temperatures of metals, metal salts, metal oxides, polymeric materials, organic and inorganic substances.
Melting Point Certified Reference Materials for Organic Substances: Development Perspectives
Authors: Kazartsev Ya. V. , Korchagina E. N. , Solovev I. V.
Published: March 2023

The field of the melting point measurements of high-purity organic substances today includes a large number of measuring instruments used in the field of medicine, biology, and the production of perfumery and cosmetic products.

The purpose of the research is to identify the features and justify approaches to the development of melting point certified reference materials of organic substances provided with metrological traceability to the SI base measurement units «temperature» (°C).

The objectives of the research included justification of the choice of substances-candidates for CRMs; determination of the certification procedure for RMs; establishment of restrictions affecting the certification procedure; estimation of uncertainty for certified values of the melting point CRMs.

In the course of the research, a state analysis of metrological assurance in the field of melting point measurements was performed. An overview of the reference complex designed to measure the melting point and purity of organic substances in the range from +40 °C to +250 °C is presented, its functional diagram is given. The basic requirements for substancescandidates for CRMs are identified. The study presents the results of determining the melting point of benzophenone, benzoic acid, succinic acid, anthracene, and caffeine obtained by direct measurements of the phase transition temperature and by indirect measurements based on recording the moment of optical transparency of the substances under study. The results of interlaboratory comparisons on samples of the studied substances are presented, which made it possible to obtain reliable data on the temperature of the emergence of optical transparency at different heating rates. A method for reconciling the results is proposed; it consists in presenting the certified value of the melting point determined by the method of direct measurements of the phase transition temperature in the thermodynamic mode, as well as the certified values of the optical transparency temperature at various heating rates as additional characteristics of the substance in the passports of the developed CRMs. Research objectives for further work are formulated.

The theoretical significance of the results obtained lies in the development of theoretical and methodological approaches to the certification of melting point CRMs based on pure organic substances, which make it possible to improve the measurement accuracy in the field of thermal analysis at a higher quality level.
Application of the concept of traceability in determining the mechanical properties of metals under static tension on the example of GSO 11854–2021
Authors: Matveeva I. N. , Tolmachev V. V. , Zabelina A. A.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the special aspects of application of a certified reference material as a basis for comparison as one of the main tools for ensuring traceability and accuracy control of the measurement results of mechanical properties.

In the course of the research, an analysis of the approach of theoretical principles based on GOST 34100.3–2017 / ISO/IEC Guide 98–3:2008 and GOST R ISO 21748–2021 calculation algorithms for evaluating measurement uncertainty was carried out. The methodology of application of the reference material for the mechanical properties of steel grade 20 GSO 11854–2021 for evaluating the uncertainty of the static tensile test results was considered.

It was established that evaluating the uncertainty of the static tensile test results to ensure the traceability of the result leads to the need to account the systematic component of the laboratory when calculating the uncertainty of test results, either as a correction or as a contribution to the standard total uncertainty. Two accounting options for the systematic component of the laboratory were proposed.

The practical significance of the research is the possibility of applying the model-based approach of theoretical principles based on GOST 34100.3–2017 / ISO / IEC Guide 98–3:2008 and GOST R ISO 21748–2021 calculation algorithms (Equation 1) when evaluating uncertainty according to clause 7.6 of GOST ISO/IEC17025–2019 by accredited laboratories.
Antibacterial Potency of Fractions from Psidium guajava Leaves and Bark Crude Extracts against Bacterial Isolates Responsible for Foodborne Infection
Authors: NDAKO JAMES A. , Oludipe , Emmanuel O , Junaid Surajudeen A. , Echemita Rachael F. , Fajobi Victor O. , Dojumo Victor T. , Ndako Precious J. , Omole Adedamola O.
Published: March 2023

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a common fruit tree that grows in several tropical and subtropical parts of the world. The aim of this study was to employ the use of liquid-liquid fractionation to investigative the comparative antibacterial potential of crude extracts of Guava leaves and bark against selected food isolates; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumonia, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The phytochemical analysis of the extract showed presence of tannin, phenol, flavonoid and terpenoid in all extract, while steroid and saponin were absent in some. The agar diffusion method was employed for the assessment of the sensitivity of the extracts. The ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions from the stem bark acetone extract generally showed better antimicrobial activity compared with other extracts from leaves. The extract was active both against gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus pneumonia) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, , Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) at varying zone of inhibition. The results of the study showed the potential of identifying novel antibacterial agent from P. guajava bark and leaves while optimising the potential application for treatment in traditional medicine.
Land use and Climatic Determinants of Population Exposure to PM2.5 in the Central part of Bangladesh
Authors: Hassan Md. Shareful , Gomes Reeju F. L. , Bhuiyan Mohammad Amir Hossain , Rahman Muhammad Tauhidur
Published: March 2023

The major industrial cities of Bangladesh are heavily experiencing air pollution-related problems due to the increased trend of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and other pollutants. This paper aimed to investigate and understand the relationship between PM2.5 and land use and climatic variables and to identify the riskiest area and population groups using a Geographic information system and regression analysis. The results show that about 41% of PM2.5 concentration increased within 19 years (2002-2021) in the study area, while the highest concentration of PM2.5 was found from 2012 to 2021. The concentrations of PM2.5 were higher over barren lands, forests, croplands, and urban areas. About 64%, 62.7%, 57%, and 55% concentrations were increased annually over barren lands, forests, cropland, and urban regions, respectively, from 2002-2021. The highest concentration level of PM2.5 (84 mg m-3) among other land use classes was found in urban areas in 2021. The regression analysis shows that air pressure (r2= - 0.26), evaporation (r2= - 0.01), humidity (r2= - 0.22), rainfall (r2= - 0.20), and water vapor (r2= - 0.03) were negatively correlated with PM2.5. On the other hand, air temperature (r2= 0.24), ground heat (r2= 0.60), and wind speed (r2= 0.34) were positively correlated with PM2.5. More than 60 Upazilas were the most polluted areas, with 1,948,029 populations (ages 0-5), 485,407 (ages 50-69), and a total population of 11,260,162 were in the high-risk/hotspot zone. The government line department may use the main results paper's key results, policymakers, stainable development practitioners, academicians, and others for integrated air pollution mitigation and management in Bangladesh and other geographical settings worldwide.