bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Group A Rotavirus in children under five years of age with gastroenteritis in N’Djamena, Chad
Authors: Djikoloum Bertrand , Abakar Mahamat Fayiz , Ndze Valentine Ngum , Nkandi Rahinatou Ghapoutsa , Enjeh Carine Ngah , Kimala Pidou , Assam Jean Paul Assam , BODA Maurice
Published: November 2022

Background: Group A Rotaviruses (RVA) is one of the most common causes of severe diarrhoea in infants and children under 5 years of age. Unlike other African countries where RVA surveillance is active, with routine circulating strains check, in Chad there is not currently RVA surveillance and vaccine introduced in the routine vaccination program. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of RVA gastroenteritis in N'Djamena in view show the impact of RVA on the health of children under five years of age.
Method: This study comprised two parts, (1) a cross-sectional study involving the detection of RVA VP6 protein by ELISA from stool samples collected in four hospitals in N'Djamena between August and November2019 from children aged five years and below, as well as a determination of risk factors through a questionnaire; and (2) a retrospective study consisting of analysing record of stool examinations to determine the frequency of diarrheic gastroenteritis among children aged five and below within the period from January 2016 to December 2018.
Results: For the cross-sectional study, 141 samples were collected and analysed. The percentage of infected individuals was 12.76% (18/141) with males (61.11 %) being the more affected (sex ratio: 1.57). Children under 12 months were the most infected age group (44.44 %) and 44.4% are malnourished. The mean Vesikari score shows that 38.8% of children are at summer of severity and 41.1% have moderate condition. For the retrospective study, 2’592 cases of gastroenteritis hospitalization were analysed and 980 (37.8%) positive cases (all germs combined) of diarrhoea recorded from January 2016 to December 2018. The pic was obtained during the dry seasons, and the age group the most affected was 0 to 11 months with 57.3%.
Conclusion: This study describes the evidence of RVA induced gastroenteritis among children below five years of age in N’Djamena, thus indicate a serious health burden. Malnourish and younger age children were found to be the most at risk of infection. Further studies are needed to determine the strains circulating for considering the introduction of RVA vaccine and establishing a routine surveillance of the disease in Chad.
Evaluation and acceptability of patient-reported outcome measures in women following pelvic organ prolapse procedures
Authors: Ruseckaite Rasa , Jayasinghe Randi , Bavor Claire , Dean Joanne , Daly Oliver , Ahern Susannah
Published: November 2022

Background: The Australasian Pelvic Floor Procedure Registry (APFPR) captures clinical and surgical data in women undergoing pelvic floor procedures. The inclusion of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the APFPR is a critical activity providing the additional patient perspective of their condition prior to surgery as well as monitoring beyond the usual post-surgical follow-up time. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of seven PROMs for women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and to determine the most suitable instrument for the APFPR.
Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with women with POP (n = 15) and their treating clinicians (n = 11) in Victoria, Australia. Interview topics covered appropriateness, content, and acceptability of seven POP-specific instruments identified through the literature to determine their suitability and acceptability for inclusion in the APFPR. We analysed the interview data using conventional content analysis.
Results: All study participants agreed that PROMs were needed for the APFPR. Both women and clinicians suggested that some of the instruments were ambiguous, too long and confusing. The Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire was accepted widely amongst women and clinicians and recommended for inclusion in the APFPR. All participants agreed it would be appropriate to capture PROMs before surgery, and then followed up post-surgically. Email, phone call or postal mail-out were the preferred options for PROMs data collection.
Conclusion: Most women and clinicians supported incorporating PROMs in the APFPR. Study participants believed that capturing PROMs would have potential use in individual care and improve outcomes of women with POP.
Determining the factors controlling the chemical composition of groundwater using geochemical methods and groundwater health assessment in the Qixing town, southwest China
Authors: Chen Jiajing , Liu Guo.
Published: November 2022

Studies on groundwater quality and possible hazard to human health are important for improved groundwater utilization. This study explored the chemistry of groundwater in Qixing Town, Langzhong City and the influencing factors. Statistical evaluation, ion correlation, geological modeling analysis, entropy-weighted water quality index assessment, and human health risk evaluation were conducted on data derived from 25 groundwater samples. The main groundwater chemistry types were HCO3-Na and HCO3-Ca. The results of ion and geological modeling analysis indicated that major ion concentrations were mainly determined by cation exchange. The study on the variation of heavy metal concentration in groundwater with depth shows that the heavy metal content in groundwater decreases first and then increases with the increase of depth. And the entropy-weighted water quality index suggested that groundwater was suitable for drinking. The total carcinogenic health risks for Cr and As for both adults and children were higher than the highest permissible hazard value (1 × 10− 4) suggested by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The categorization of hazardous ingestion (HI) by the USEPA indicated a negligible non-carcinogenic hazard to human health by toxic metals. The results suggest the need to increase Cr and As contamination monitoring in shallow groundwater. This study can facilitate the rational rational development of groundwater resources.
Mechanism and Application of Aqueous and Gas Phase Trapping by Spontaneous Imbibition
Authors: Wan Yujin , He Chang , Li Xizhe , Jiao Chunyan , Xu Xuan , Hu Yong , Lin Yaoqiang
Published: November 2022

For fractured gas reservoirs with strong heterogeneity, aqueous and gas phase trapping affect the gas recovery seriously. The recovery may be less than 50% for some reservoirs while it is only 12% for Beaver River gas field. The aqueous and gas phase trapping mechanism has been revealed by the results of depletion experimental test by using core samples with spontaneous imbibition. The residual pressure is as high as 11.75MPa when a 12.8cm imbibition layer set in the depletion test, resulting in gas recovery deceased 49.5% compared with that without imbibition layer. A mathematical model has been established to exhibit the imbibition thickness. The aqueous and gas phase trapping are analyzed by two representative wells in Weiyuan gas field, the extremely low gas recovery can be explained more rationally. That lays a foundation of improving the gas recovery for fractured reservoirs.
Feature-based interaction between masks and target in continuous flash suppression
Authors: Drewes Jan , Witzel Christoph , Zhu Weina
Published: November 2022

Continuous Flash Suppression (CFS) has become one of the most popular tools in the study of visual processing in the absence of conscious awareness. Studies use different kinds of masks, like colorful Mondrians or random noise. Even though the use of CFS is widespread, little is known about some of the underlying neuronal mechanisms, such as the interactions between masks and stimuli. We designed a b-CFS experiment with feature-reduced targets and masks in order to investigate possible effects of feature-similarity or -orthogonality between masks and targets. Masks were pink noise patterns filtered with an orientation band pass to generate a strong directionality. Target stimuli were Gabors varying systematically in their orientational alignment with the masks. We found that stimuli whose orientational alignment was more similar to that of the masks are suppressed significantly longer. This feature-similarity (here: orientation) based enhancement of suppression duration can be overcome by feature orthogonality in another feature dimension (here: color). We conclude that mask-target interactions exist in Continuous Flash Suppression, and the human visual system can use orthogonality within a feature dimension or across feature dimensions to facilitate the breaking of the CFS.
A hybrid honeypot framework for DDOS attacks detection and mitigation
Authors: Melhem Heidi , Dayoub Yaroub
Published: November 2022

Dependency on the internet is escalating day by day, which makes it prone to myriad security threats, for instance phishing, SQL injection, malware and attacks. These threaten one or more of the CIA triad elements, which are Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability. Hence, ensuring continuous security has become an inseparable challenge. These threats could be detected by the classical mechanisms of security such as IDS (Intrusion Detection System), firewalls and antivirus, but after it happens, which means they act as healing tools but do not prevent the threats, also they do not provide detection for new threats, this is where the Honeypot comes in. Honeypot is a trap used to lure possible attackers and interact with them to detour, expose or prohibit per se attacks and to learn new attacker’s techniques. This paper presents a hybrid framework consisting of two types of honeypots to relieve the flaws of each type and offer the benefits of both types. Testing this framework with real DDOS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack traffic against a webserver has shown that it is not only practical, but also very efficient by keeping the web server’s availability for legitimate users.
Stereoisograms for three-membered heterocycles: V. Factor-group method for type-itemized enumeration of oxiranes under an \textit{RS}-stereoisomeric group.
Authors: Fujita Shinsaku
Published: November 2022

The preceding Part IV of this series has described the half-size-subgroup method for type-itemized enumeration of stereoisograms by adopting epoxide (oxirane) derivatives as probes. As a continuation of this series, the present Part V has proposed the factor-group method for type-itemized enumeration of stereoisograms. The two methods are compared by applying to epoxide (oxirane) derivatives as common probes. The merit of the factor-group method is emphasized by adopting the same mark table during the treatments of Category 1 to Category 3 for categorizing type-I to type-V stereoisograms. Thus, the coset decomposition of the \textit{RS}-stereoisomeric group ${\bf C}_{2v\widetilde{\sigma}\widehat{I}}$ by the subgroup ${\bf C}_{2}$ is calculated so as to give the corresponding factor group. After the mark table of the factor group is obtained, type-itemized enumerations of epoxide derivatives are conducted, where five types of stereoisograms are classified into the three categories. Isomer-classification schemes and isomer-classification diagrams are introduced in order to illustrate epoxide derivatives of respective compositions.
Identification and characterization of RuvBL DNA helicase genes for tolerance against abiotic stresses in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Chaudhary Jyoti , Gautam Tinku , Gahlaut Vijay , Singh Kalpana , Kumar Sourabh , Batra Ritu , Gupta Pushpendra Kumar
Published: November 2022

RuvBL helicase genes represent a conserved family of genes, which are known to be involved in providing tolerance against abiotic stresses like heat and drought in plants. We identified nine wheat RuvBL genes on nine different chromosomes, belonging to homoeologous groups 2, 3, and 4. Analysis of the structure and function of these genes revealed that the (i) length of genes ranged from 1647 to 2197 bp; (ii) genes exhibit synteny with corresponding genes in related species including Ae. tauschii, Z. mays, O. sativa, H. vulgare and B. distachyon; (iii) gene sequences were associated with cis-elements and transposable elements; (iv) the genes TaRuvBL1a-4A and TaRuvBL1a-4B also carried targets for a widely known miRNA, tae-miR164. Gene ontology revealed that these genes were closely associated with ATP-dependent formation of histone acetyltransferase complex. Analysis of the structure and function of RuvBL proteins revealed that (i) proteins were localized mainly in the cytoplasm; (ii) the protein encoded by the representative gene TaRuvBL1a-4A was shown to be involved in protein-protein interactions with ten other proteins; (iii) on the basis of phylogeny, RuvBL proteins were placed in two sub-divisions, namely RuvBL1 and RuvBL2, which were further classified into clusters and sub-clusters. In-silico expression analysis suggested that these genes were differentially expressed under heat/drought. The qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that expression of TaRuvBL genes differed among wheat cultivars with varying degrees of thermotolerance. This study advances our understanding of the biological role of wheat RuvBL genes and should help in planning future studies on RuvBL genes in wheat.
A 20Gb/s Two-Stage Active Inductor CTLE in 28-nm CMOS
Authors: Zhang Chunming , Wang Yibo , Wang Hao , Xu Yangzhen
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) with an active inductor load simultaneously connected in parallel to low frequency branch. The equalizer uses two-stage CTLE, the first stage compensating for high-frequency (HF) attenuation and the second stage equalizer compensates medium-frequency (MF) and HF by parallel low-frequency branches. The MF stage is used for the long-tail Intern symbol interference (ISI) equalization to minimize residual ISI. Equalizer with voltage control capacitor to configure the distribution of zero poles, for the HF has a configurable range of 0.5dB.The low-frequency gain can be configured by changing the load current of the active inductor to reduce the effect of parasitic resistance on the layout. The layout size is 5.9um*6um based on a 28nm CMOS process. The post layout results show that the equalizer has a maximum compensation capability of 10.37dB at a rate of 20Gb/s with an eye width of 0.85UI.
Aquatic Food Loss and Waste from Production to Consumption: United States Case Study
Authors: Love David , Asche Frank , Fry Jillian , Nguyen Ly , Gephart Jessica , Garlock Taryn , Jenkins Lekelia , Anderson James , Brown Mark , Viglia Silvio , Nussbaumer Elizabeth , Neff Roni
Published: November 2022

Food loss and waste (FLW) is a major challenge to food system sustainability, including aquatic foods. Few data exist on aquatic FLW outside of small-scale fisheries, with major gaps in aquaculture species that make up half of global production. We investigated aquatic FLW in the food supply of the United States (US), the largest importer of aquatic food globally. We show that there are significant differences in FLW among species, production technology, origin, and stage of supply chain. We estimate that the total FLW was 22.7%, significantly lower than the 50% earlier reported in the literature, illustrating the importance of applying a disaggregated approach. Production losses from imports contribute over a quarter of total FLW, which strongly illustrates the importance of implementing systems approaches and multinational efforts to reduce FLW. The findings inform prioritization of solutions, including areas of needed innovations, government incentives, policy change, infrastructure and equity.
Residues determination, risk assessment, half-life and dissipation behaviour of flusilazole formulation
Authors: AMIN ZAKIR , Sheikh Parveez Ahmad , Jan Ishrat , Summuna Baby , Mohiddin Fayaz A.
Published: November 2022

To determine the risk assessment, half‑life and waiting period of flusilazole on apple fruit (Malus Domestica Borkh.) under temperate conditions of Kashmir, India, Flusilazole 40 EC was applied on Red Velox apple trees two months prior to harvest at 80 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended) and 160 g a.i. ha-1. The analytical samples of flusilazole were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) through a reverse phase. Recovery percentage of flusilazole at three fortification levels (0.5, 1.0 & 1.5 ppm) were found to be 110.70, 97.33 and 103.16%, respectively. Flusilazole at the recommended dose (80 g a.i. ha-1) left an initial deposit of 0.733 ppm which dissipated by 93.45% in 60 days and was non-detectable beyond this period. While flusilazole at double the recommended dose (160 g a.i. ha-1) left an initial deposit of 0.913 ppm which dissipated by 93.43% in 70 days and was non-detectable beyond this period. Based on the maximum residue limit of 0.3 ppm as prescribed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, a waiting period of 28.74 days and 46.03 days were recorded for single and double doses, respectively. Moreover, in order to assess the consumer risk, theoretical maximum residue contributions (TMRC) were derived using flusilazole residues (average and maximum) recorded at various time intervals and compared to the maximum permissible intake (MPI) and consequently an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.001 mg kg-1 body weight/day can be recommended. The MPI was determined by multiplying the recommended ADI with the average person's weight (60 kg) and was found to be 0.006 mg person-1 day-1. Based on the average per capita daily consumption of 6.76 g apple in India, the TMRC values were found to be (0.0049 and 0.00534 mg day-1 person-1) and (0.0061 and 0.0062 mg day-1 person-1) for average and maximum flusilazole residues at single and double dose, respectively. The TMRC values were far less than MPI at both doses of application at 0 day; therefore, the consumer health risks are minimal even at double the recommended dosage.
An approach to local electron energy in atoms through Rényi's entropy
Authors: Flores-Gallegos Nelson
Published: November 2022

In this work, it is presented an approach to the local electron energy of the first thirty-six atoms in their ground state using Rényi's entropy is defined in terms of the electron density in position and momentum spaces. To carry out our study, we calculated and compared the trends obtained from the local functionals of kinetic, exchange, and Coulomb energy, with Rényi's entropy. Our results suggest that Rényi's entropy could be a good option to perform studies on the local behavior of the energy in atoms and also in studies on the electron correlation phenomenon.
Nickel Smelter on Social-Economics and Environmental Issues
Authors: Taufik Yani , Adijaya Sarlan , Rela Iskandar Zainuddin
Published: November 2022

As one of the countries in the world with large nickel reserves, Indonesia can use this wealth of mineral resources to accelerate development and improve people's welfare. However, like the management of mineral resources in other countries, mineral exploration has a side effect on the environment and people's lives, especially those who live around the mines. This study reveals the environmental and socio-economic impacts that occur at the smelter construction site in Bahodopi Sub-district, Morowali Regency Central Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. The existence of nickel plant has become a magnet for migrants, the drying up of several rivers, degradation of forest functions and sedimentation along the coast, has forced local residents to join migrants in pursuing new livelihoods in the trade and service sector, leaving their previous livelihoods as farmers and fisherman. It cannot be denied that there has been an increase in GDP from the mining sector, but it has not been used optimally to repair environmental damage and socio-economic impacts caused by mining activities.
Drilling percutaneously through the nonunion site: a more cost effective solution for long bone nonunions
Authors: Yin Bing , Lu Bo , Wang Tianci , Zhang Yingze , Guo Jialiang
Published: November 2022

Background: Despite the development of improved fracture treatment, bone nonunion remains a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Various therapies have been examined for the treatment of nonunions, including fixator exchange, bone grafting, application of growth factors, and even cell and gene therapy. However, all these methods have limitations, such as donor site complications, soft tissue problems, high cost and long hospitalization. This study aims to find a minimally invasive and cost-effective method for nonunion treatment.
Methods: Between October 2018 and October 2019, nineteen patients with long bone nonunions (11 tibia and 8 femur) were treated in our trauma center. There were 14 males and 5 females and the average age was 56.1 years. Treatment of the nonunion was performed by a novel technique consisting of a direct drilling procedure. Under C-arm guidance, a k-wire was used to percutaneously drill across the nonunion site. The k-wire was directed along the longitudinal axis of the bone. The necrotic cortex of the nonunion site was drilled and the medullary cavity was re-established. The implants were maintained, as the fixation was stable. Regular rehabilitation and follow-up was performed until the patient achieved bone union.
Results: 18 of the 19 cases achieved succesful bony union with this technique. Sixteen achieved union after a single drilling procedure, while two patients required a second drilling procedure to achieve union. One failure occurred in a female patients with a tibial shaft nonunion which only achieved union after revision fixation and cancellous bone grafting. The average union time after drilling technique was 7.4 month (range: 4-14), and the average hospital stay was 5.3 days (range: 4-15).
Conclusion: This drilling technique provides a novel, minimally invasive, effective and low-cost method for the treatment of bone nonunion. It minimizes the iatrogenic damage and preserves the biological environment for fracture healing. The encouraging results of this technique warrants a larger study.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-PPC-14005360. Registered 17 October 2014
Solitary Extensor Tendon in the Third Compartment has a Companion: Variant Course of Extensor Pollicis Brevis in Third Extensor Compartment.
Authors: Rangarajan Aadithya , K.G Bhaskara
Published: November 2022

Anomalous variants of the extensor tendons in the first and third compartments of the wrist have been described following cadaveric study. Being aware of such variants during either an elective or emergency hand surgery will prove beneficial in the execution of the extensor tendon repairs. A very few clinical reports are available in the literature. We report a rare finding of Extensor Pollicis Brevis tendon accompanying the solitary Extensor Pollicis Longus tendon in the third compartment observed during an emergency trauma surgery.
How do practitioners prescribe exercise to patients with breast cancer? Professional perspectives on the implementation of aerobic exercise guidelines for patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.
Authors: Murray James , Bennett Hunter , Perry Rebecca , Bezak Eva , Davison Kade
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The benefits of exercise for cancer are well established. However, how experienced accredited exercise physiologists (AEPs) and medical professionals implement exercise guidelines when prescribing/recommending aerobic exercise to patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy remains unknown.
Methods:
A four round, two phase, survey was conducted. Four cancer-specific AEPs, four oncologists, and one breast cancer surgeon (median 13-yr breast-cancer-specific experience) completed phase one. Eighty-four AEPs (median 5-yr experience) completed phase two. Phase one participants answered open- and close-ended questions regarding how they implement cancer-specific aerobic exercise guidelines for patients with breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, and what information they believe should be collected to guide exercise prescription. All questions agreed upon in phase one (>70% rating 7-9 on a 0-9 Likert Scale) were rated by AEPs in phase two.
Results:
Subjective questioning by AEPs should consider the stage, type, and location of breast cancer, treatments, side effects, and exercise preferences and expectations. Objective assessment should include upper-arm circumference, strength, and range of motion. Separating aerobic exercise into 5-to-9-minute bouts was considered appropriate and exercising to exhaustion should be avoided. Exercise intensity and duration should be adjusted throughout chemotherapy to improve tolerance and adherence.
Conclusion:
This study identifies how professionals approach exercise assessment and prescription in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. These findings can help guide practice and inform future guidelines.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
This research helps exercise professionals make better decisions when prescribing exercise to patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, improving the quality of care for this population.
Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) links hormone dysregulation and circadian disruption to breast cancer pathogenesis
Authors: Ybañez Weand , Bagamasbad Pia
Published: November 2022

Background: Circadian disruption is an emerging driver of breast cancer (BCa), with epidemiological studies linking shift work and chronic jet lag to increased BCa risk. Indeed, several clock genes participate in the gating of mitotic entry, regulation of DNA damage response, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, thus impacting BCa etiology. Dysregulated estrogen (E2; 17b-estradiol) and glucocorticoid (GC; cortisol, CORT) signaling prevalent in BCa may further contribute to clock desynchrony by directly regulating the expression and cycling dynamics of genes comprising the local breast oscillator. In this study, we investigated the tumor suppressor gene, KLF9, as an important point of crosstalk between hormone signaling and the circadian molecular network, and further examine its functional role in BCa.
Methods: Through meta-analysis of publicly available RNA- and ChIP-sequencing datasets from BCa tumor samples and cell lines, and gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR and enhancer- reporter assays, we elucidated the molecular mechanism behind the clock and hormone regulation of KLF9. Lentiviral knockdown and overexpression of KLF9 in three distinct breast epithelial cell lines (MCF10A, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) was generated to demonstrate the role of KLF9 in orthogonal assays on breast epithelial survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration.
Results: We determined that KLF9 is a direct GC receptor target in mammary epithelial cells, and that induction is likely mediated through coordinate transcriptional activation from multiple CORT-responsive enhancers in the KLF9 locus. More interestingly, rhythmic expression of KLF9 in MCF10A cells was abolished in the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 line. In turn, forced expression of KLF9 altered the baseline and GC/E2-responsive expression of several clock genes, indicating that KLF9 may function as a regulator of the core clock machinery. Characterization of the role of KLF9 using complementary cancer hallmark assays in the context of the hormone-circadian axis revealed that KLF9 plays a tumor-suppressive role in BCa regardless of molecular subtype. KLF9 potentiated the anti-tumorigenic effects of CORT in ER+ luminal MCF7 cells, while it restrained CORT-enhanced oncogenicity in triple-negative MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells.
Conclusions: Taken together, our findings support that dysregulation of KLF9 expression and oscillation in BCa impinges on circadian network dynamics, thus ultimately affecting the BCa oncogenic landscape.
Investigating the factorial structure and measurement invariance of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at 11 years old from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Staatz Charis Bridger , Kelly Yvonne , Lacey Rebecca , Hardy Rebecca
Published: November 2022

Background: The strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) consist of five sub-scales that have been used to measure internalising and externalising symptoms in children, typically by combining sum scores of two sub-scales each. However, the different possible factorial structures that represent these symptoms have not been formally tested in a contemporary sample of UK children, while it is also necessary to consider whether the SDQ is interpreted similarly across subgroups of the population.
Methods: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test three competing structures for the parent-reported SDQ collected at age 11, the start of adolescence, in the UK Millennium Cohort Study (n=11,519), and measurement invariance was assessed for sex and area level deprivation. Internal consistency using ordinal alpha, internal convergent validity and external discriminant validity using average variance explained (AVE), and predictive validity were assessed.
Results: A five-factor model and a model with two second-order factors for internalising and externalising symptoms had better model fit than a three-factor model. For both of these structures, invariance was demonstrated across sex and area deprivation. AVE scores for the five-factor model indicated that peer and emotional problems factors were measuring a similar construct, as were the hyperactivity and conduct factors. In the second-order model, AVE scores indicated internalising and externalising symptoms were distinct constructs.
Conclusion: A second-order model with two factors for internalising and externalising symptoms is appropriate for use in a contemporary cohort of children and can be used in analysis investigating differences in symptoms across subgroups of the population.
A Prospective Study on Patterns and Management Outcomes of Intracranial Hematoma at Jimma University Medical Center
Authors: Simegnew Nebiyou ,   2.	Mohammed Abafita,   3.	Addis Temie Worku,   4.	Minale Fekadie Baye
Published: November 2022

Background: Intracranial hematoma is the collection of blood in the various intracranial spaces. Knowledge of patterns, origins/causes, and outcomes of ICH conditions are important for decision-making for urgent surgical interventions such as craniotomy and hematoma evacuations. No prior study was conducted in our setup. This study aimed to assess patterns and management outcomes of intracranial hematoma in Jimma University Medical center.
Methods: An institution-based prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted in Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia for 6 consecutive months from June to December 2020. The data were cleaned and entered to Epidata version 3.1 and then exported and analyzed using SPSS Version 24.
Results: A total of 91 neurosurgery eligible patients were recruited during the study period with a mean age of 34 years. The majority of neurosurgery patients were males 73 (80.2%) and more common in reproductive age groups (62.6%), from rural areas (50.5%). About 93.4% of patients reported a history of trauma and road traffic accidents & fighting account for 63.8% of the trauma cases. Sixty-five percent of patients arrive in the hospital within 24 hours. Upon presentation, loss of consciousness (48.4%), convulsion (11%), aspiration (9.9%) and increased ICP (12%). The majority (49.5%) of the patients had a mild head injury. The focal neurologic deficits were hemiparesis (29.7%) and hemiplegia (5.5%). Acute epidural hematoma (68.1%) was a common finding followed by sub-acute subdural hematoma. Of the total study participants, 11% of the patients were died. All the surviving patients were accessed after one month of discharge and re-assessed, 66 patients had good neurologic (62 upper and 4 lower good recovery), 11 patients had some disability (7 lower and 4 upper-moderate disabilities), two patients had a severe disability and two patients (those among severe disability) had died.
Conclusion: Trauma was invariably the cause of intracranial hematoma and patients with low GCS, papillary abnormality, aspiration, and increased ICP had increased risk of dying from their illness. It is good to formulate policy to enhance injury prevention and bring health-oriented behavioral change.
Türkiye’de Kolorektal Kanser Taramalarının Maliyet Etkililik Analizi
Authors: ERTEM Özgün
Published: November 2022

Kolorektal kanser, yüksek insidans, görülme oranının sıklığı, aynı zamanda hayati tehlike yaratma riski ve tedavisinin yüksek maliyetlerinden dolayı Türkiye ve dünya genelinde önemi giderek artan bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelmektedir. Kolorektal kanseri erken evrede teşhis edebilmek amacıyla kanser taramaları yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kolorektal kanser (KRK) taramaları içerisinde yer alan stratejiler ve hiç tarama yapılmamasının maliyet etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun yanında maliyet ve etkililik çıktılarının, model parametrelerine ne kadar duyarlı olduğunu ölçmek amacıyla Tornado analizi yapılmıştır. Maliyet etkililik analizi sonucunda, 25 yıllık kişi başı maliyetler için “yılda bir gaitada gizli kan testi (GGK)” en düşük maliyetli tarama stratejisi (638 TL) ve “10 yılda bir kolonoskopi” en yüksek maliyetli tarama stratejisi (2.150 TL) olarak bulunmuştur. Kazanılan yaşam yılları incelendiğinde ise 21,98 yaşam yılı ile en etkili stratejinin “yılda bir GGK ve 10 yılda bir kolonoskopi”; 21,87 yaşam yılı ile en az etkili stratejininse “tarama yok” stratejisi olduğu görülmektedir. Toplam maliyet ve kazanılan yaşam yıllarına göre hesaplanan ilave maliyet etkililik oranına göre “yılda bir GGK” ve “yılda bir GGK ve 10 yılda bir kolonoskopi” stratejileri maliyet-etkili olarak bulunmuştur. En maliyet etkili strateji olan “yılda bir GGK” stratejisinin Türkiye’de uygulanması halinde hem maliyet-etkililik analizi bulguları hem de yapılan harcama hesaplamalarında da görüldüğü gibi genel devlet bütçesinde maliyet tasarrufu sağlanacaktır.
Hermeneutical Tendencies in Lessing’s Interpretations of Visual Art in Laocoon
Authors: Milenković Dušan
Published: November 2022

U ovom članku razmatram u kojoj se mjeri s hermeneutičkom tradicijom mogu usporediti teorijske procedure koje Gotthold Ephraim Lessing primjenjuje u poznatoj knjizi Laokont ili o granicama slikarstva i poezije prilikom interpretiranja djela likovne umjetnosti. Da bih ovo ostvario, analizirat ću način na koji Robert S. Leventhal i Frederick Burwick pristupaju Lessingovim metodama interpretacije i pokušati primijeniti njihove stavove na Lessingovo učenje iz Laokonta. U radu ću najveću pažnju posvetiti stavu da Lessingove metode interpretiranja djela likovne umjetnosti u izvjesnoj mjeri ovise o metodama koje primjenjuje u analizi književnih djela. Iako ti autori nisu izravno uspoređivali Lessingove stavove s hermeneutičkom teorijom Friedricha Schleiermachera, u radu ću razmotriti postoje li izvjesne sličnosti u njihovu razumijevanju osnovnih karakteristika interpretativnog procesa.
BIOLOGICAL PLATING OSTEOSYNTHESIS IN COMMINUTED SUBTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES WITH DYNAMIC HIP SCREW
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Orthopedics., Ahmad Lone Bilal , Sadiq Mir Ishfaq ,   Senior Resident, Department of Orthopedics., Ahmad Lone Bilal ,   Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery., Shahzad Sadaf ,   Senior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis.
Published: November 2022

Background: Comminuted subtrochanteric fractures represent a challenge for trauma surgeons. Fractures in the subtrochanteric region present challenges to achieving stable fixation and appropriate reduction because the subtrochanteric region of the femur is one of the highest stressed zones in the human skeleton where tensile or compressive stresses can exceed several multiples of body weight. Aim: The aim of this study is to observe the results of biological DHS fixation in the management of comminuted subtrochanteric fractures of femur in adults. Method: A prospective study was conducted on a group of 25 patients in the Postgraduate Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Srinagar. In all the patients along with personal data, mode of trauma, type of fracture, intra-operative & post-operative complications, follow up examination including hip joint examination, duration of full weight bearing was considered. Patients were assessed clinically for pain, hip and knee range of motion, angular and rotational deformities and leg-length discrepancy. Union was assessed radiographically. Results: Majority of the patients had trauma due to RTA (76%), fall from height/stairs/standing position (20%), and direct impact (4%). There were 5 type 3A, 6 type 3B, 8 type 4 and 6 type 5 fractures according to Seinsheimer classification. According to criteria laid by Trauma hip rating scale, excellent results were achieved in 16 patients, good in 8 patients and poor in 1 patient. However, no case of failure was reported. Union occurred in all cases. None of the patients had clinical pain or dysfunction. Conclusion: Biological DHS is an effective and reliable option in the treatment of comminuted subtrochanteric fractures as, DHS allows good fixation of a fracture that extends into piriformis fossa (type 5). This procedure offers the significant advantage of being less technically demanding, simple and familiar to most surgeons and Leads to less blood loss.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO FINDOUT THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION AMONG PARENTS REGARDING SERVICES RECEIVED DURING HOSPITALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN PEDIATRIC WARD, IGMC SHIMLA, H.P.
Authors:   M.Sc Nursing 2nd Year Student, 2018 to 2020 Batch, Sister Nivedita Government Nursing College, IGMC Shimla, H.P., Chaudhary Nikshu , Chauhan Seema ,   Professor of Child Health Nursing, Sister Nivedita Government Nursing College, IGMC Shimla, H.P.
Published: November 2022

Background: Parents satisfaction and involvement are vital for the judgment of health care intervention. Parents were satisfied by participating in their childs health thereby enhancing adherence to the therapeutic regimen and understanding medical information. Parents participation in their childs care is a new approach. An effective communication between parents and health care professionals is vital for parents satisfaction and quality of care. Objectives: The investigator conducted the study with an objective to assess the level of satisfaction among parents regarding services received during hospitalization of children in Pediatric ward, IGMC Shimla, H.P. Conceptual Framework: Donabedian Health Care Quality Model (2003) is used for present research study. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted in the month of January, 2021 in selected Pediatric ward IGMC Shimla (H.P).The research approach adopted for this study was quantitative. The independent variable is self structured questionnaire and dependent variable is level of satisfaction among parents. 100 parents of admitted children in Pediatric ward were selected as sample of research study on the basis of convenient sampling technique. Results: The study results revealed that level of satisfaction among parents regarding services received during hospitalization of children in Pediatric ward was not satisfactory. 90% parents were dissatisfied with hospital services while only 7% had neutral satisfaction score. Conclusion: The main focus of the study was to assess the level of satisfaction among parents regarding services received during hospitalization of children in pediatric ward. The study findings concluded that there was no significant association between level of satisfaction score with selected demographic variables. Hence, the study findings concluded that most of the parents satisfied with physician services, nursing services but less satisfied with physical facilities and diet services.
Morfologi Trikoma Petal Dan Sepal Bererapa Varietas Bunga Krisan (Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.)
Authors: Utaminingsih Utaminingsih , Astiti Adam , Sutikno Sutikno
Published: November 2022

Krisan merupakan tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam familia Acanthacea yang hidup pada dataran tinggi dengan iklim tropis atau sub tropis. Krisan digunakan sebagai obat herbal karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan alkaloid yang digunakan sebagai anti antibakteri, antiinflamasi, antioksidan. Berdasarkan pendekatan anatomi dapat diketahui bahwa tumbuhan mensintesis dan menyimpan senyawa bioaktif melalui sel-sel dan jaringan yang terspesialisasi. Salah satu sel, dan jaringan yang terspesialisasi untuk mensekresi metabolit sekunder adalah trikoma. Trikoma dapat dibagi menjadi trikoma glandular dan non glandular. Trikoma glandular dapat menyimpan dan mensekresi metabolit sekunder pada tumbuhan, sedangkan trikoma non glandular tidak dapat mensekresi metabolit sekunder. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bentuk, dan jenis trikoma pada varietas krisan fiji kuning, fiji putih, jimla kuning, puspita nusantara dan barcadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode leaf clearing pada sepal dan petal bunga krisan, kemudian dilakukan pengamatan dengan optilab. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa terdapat lima jenis trikoma glandular dan dua jenis trikoma non glandular. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat tujuh tipe trikoma yang ditemukan pada lima varietas krisan yang diuji dan setiap varietas krisan memiliki jenis trikoma yang berbeda.
Identifikasi WIN1 (Wax Inducer1) Pada Tanaman Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.)
Authors: Su'udi Mukhamad , Hasanah Lailiyah Maulidatul , Puspito Agung Nugroho , Arimurti Sattya
Published: November 2022

Tanaman pangan di Indonesia sangat beragam termasuk diantaranya padi, jagung dan ubi kayu. Namun lahan pertanian di Indonesia semakin sempit seiring dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin tinggi. Lahan kering (sub optimal) di Indonesia masih banyak yang belum dimanfaatkan, yang sebenarnya bisa dioptimalkan sebagai lahan pertanian. Tanaman pangan yang memiliki tingkat ketahanan lebih tinggi terhadap lahan kering adalah tanaman ubi kayu, sehingga berpotensi untuk ditanam pada lahan kering. Tahap pertama pemuliaan tanaman ubi kayu adalah mengetahui karakterisasi gen pada tanaman tersebut salah satunya yaitu WIN1. Metode pertama yang dilakukan adalah isolasi DNA daun ubi kayu varietas Adira 1 dan Malang 6, kemudian amplifikasi dengan PCR, dan analisis sekuensing. Hasil menunjukkan tanaman ubi kayu Adira 1 memiliki asam amino yang sama dengan kultivar am560-2 yang terdapat pada GenBank, sedangkan pada varietas Malang 6 terdapat satu asam amino yang berbeda. Hal tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh adanya mutasi gen pada varietas ubi kayu serta perbedaan kandungan HCN pada ubi kayu pangan varietas Adira 1, dan ubi kayu industri varietas Malang 6.
Fenetik Taksonomi dan Peran Mimi Mintuna sebagai Ecobiodiversity di Kawasan BJBR Probolinggo
Authors: Nadiroh Ainin , Fadilah Nurul
Published: November 2022

Mimi mintuna adalah hewan Arthropoda yang terancam punah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengelompokan dan nilai similaritas kekerabatan fenetik mimi mintuna sebagai upaya pelestarian jenisnya. Karakter morfologi, morfometrik, dan karakter diagnostik merupakan sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel mimi mintuna (Carcinoscorpius sp.) diambil dari pantai kawasan Beejay Bakau Resort Probolinggo, serta spesies acuan (Limulus polyphemus, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda Tachypleus tridentatus, and Tachypleus gigas) dianut dari buku identifikasi Sekiguchi dan Shuster (2009). Hasil penelitian diperoleh 3 kelompok kekerabatan dari yang terdekat hingga terjauh dan 2 kelompok apomorfi serta 4 kelompok automorfi. Sampel dan Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda memiliki kesamaan 100 %, sedangkan Tachypleus gigas dan Tachypleus tridentatus (Apomorfi B) dengan nilai similaritas 75%. Racun pada mimi mintuna berkesinambungan dengan peran pemerintah dalam melindungi hewan langka ini sehingga dapat mendorong upaya pelestariannya.
MECHANISMS OF THE ACIDOSIS EFFECT ON THE VASCULAR TONE
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gaynullina D.K. , Shvetsova A.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Tarasova O.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: November 2022

The activity of many physiological mechanisms depends on pH, so maintaining a normal pH in the organism is one of the important tasks of homeostasis regulation. Shifts in the acid-base balance can be associated with both pathological and physiological processes. Physiological acidosis in skeletal muscles appears due to physical exercise, as muscle contractions may reduce pH in muscle fibers and interstitium significantly. However, pH normalizes fairly soon after contractions stop. This happens largely owing to the circulatory system that removes metabolites from muscles. Acidosis causes vasodilatation by affecting the activities of numerous mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, and by inhibition of the vasoconstrictor effects of the nervous system. Vasodilation and increase of the muscle blood flow are favorable to recovery of the skeletal muscle performance following intense contractions.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО МЕТОДА ЭКСПРЕСС-ОЦЕНКИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У КОСМОНАВТОВ
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Skedina М.А. , Kovaleva А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Potapov M.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2022

The ground-based studies with isolation (105- and 520-d isolation campaigns within the MARS-500 project) and modeled microgravity (5- and 21-d dry immersion) were aimed to test an integrated method of rapid assessment of the brain energy and electrical activities indicative of a current CNS status and adaptive changes. The method consists of synchronous recording electroencephalogram (EEG), constant potential level (CPL), and a number of psychophysiological tests. Analyzed parameters are a EEG pattern, relative power of EEG θ- (4–8 Hz), α- (8–13 Hz) and β-1- (13–25 Hz) waves, averaged CPL, ΔCPL values, and interhemispheric asymmetry. The method that measures CNS tension in response to psychological and physical stresses, adaptation to an unusual environment, fatigue and readaptation can be used to examine cosmonaut's CNS functioning prior to and after space mission, and in the period of post-mission recovery.
TRENDS IN FORMATION OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES BY PROBIOTIC BACTERIA LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM 8PA-3 ON VARIOUS CARRIERS IN THE SPACE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, Rybalchenko O.V. , Orlova O.G. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Kapustina V.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Popova E.V. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training Center, Star City, Moscow region, Kutnik I.V. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training Center, Star City, Moscow region
Published: November 2022

The paper contains comparative analysis of microbial communities formed by probiotic lactobacteria L. plantarum 8PA-3 on various carriers (space experiment Biofilm) during ISS missions 53, 54 and 56. Object of the investigations was L. plantarum 8PA-3 cells inoculated on microcellulose sorbates, polystyrene and a variety of powder and laminar-type polymer substrates. Simultaneously, same culture and substrates were used in the laboratory experiment. Resulted biofilms were investigated using transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopy. Comparative analysis was aimed to detect difference in the development of microbial communities resided on various carriers in space and ground-based laboratories. The obtained data about the ultrathin structure of biofilm and plankton-like L. plantarum 8PA-3 cells involved in formation of microbial communities in microgravity make us think of distinctive morphophysiological properties of these cells, as well as the biofilm structure.