bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Assessment of Emission Factors from Fires in the Built Environment Including Scaling Effects
Authors: Åström Joakim , McNamee Margaret , Truchot Benjamin , Marlair Guy , van Hees Patrick
Published: June 2023

Concern for the health of the natural environment is growing as human population grows. Recently, renewed attention has been given to the environmental impact of fires and the fire implications of sustainability choices made in the built environment. To properly understand the environmental impact of fires, however, it is crucial that we can estimate fire emissions. This paper explores the concept of fire emissions and emission factors and investigates the potential to use small scale testing to develop emission factors for fire emissions. The findings show that there is a potential to use dynamic tests such as the cone calorimeter (CC, ISO 5660) and fire propagation apparatus (FPA, ISO 12136) to develop emission factors to estimate larger scale fire emissions, at least for CO and CO2 emissions. While there is a spread of data from between the CC or FPA and the medium scale tests, this is of the same order or less than the spread between the two small scale tests. The spread in emission factor values from the various tests is smaller for CO2 than for CO and greatest for small CO-emission factors (< 10 g/kg). More work is needed to similarly characterise a broad range of species.
FairSwiRL: fair semi-supervised classification with representation learning
Authors: Yang Shuyi , Cerrato Mattia , Ienco Dino , Pensa Ruggero G. , Esposito Roberto
Published: June 2023

Semi-supervised learning has shown its potential in many real-world applications where only few labeled examples are available. However, when some fairness constraints need to be satisfied, semi-supervised classification models often struggle as they are required to cope with the lack of sufficient information for predicting the target variable while forgetting its relationships with any sensitive and potentially discriminatory attribute. To address this issue, we propose a fair semi-supervised representation learning architecture that leads to fair and accurate classification results even in very challenging scenarios with few labeled (but biased) instances. We show experimentally that our model can be easily adopted in very general settings, as the learned representations may be employed to train any supervised classifier. Moreover, when applied to several synthetic and real-world datasets, our method is competitive with state-of-the-art fair semi-supervised approaches.
Carbon emission-aware job scheduling for Kubernetes deployments
Authors: Piontek Tobias , Haghshenas Kawsar , Aiello Marco
Published: June 2023

Decreasing carbon emissions of data centers while guaranteeing Quality of Service (QoS) is one of the major challenges for efficient resource management of large-scale cloud infrastructures and societal sustainability. Previous works in the area of carbon reduction mostly focus on decreasing overall energy consumption, replacing energy sources with renewable ones, and migrating workloads to locations where lower emissions are expected. These measures do not consider the energy mix of the power used for the data center. In other words, all KWh of energy are considered the same from the point of view of emissions, which is rarely the case in practice. In this paper, we overcome this deficit by proposing a novel practical CO2-aware workload scheduling algorithm implemented in the Kubernetes orchestrator to shift non-critical jobs in time. The proposed algorithm predicts future CO2 emissions by using historical data of energy generation, selects time-shiftable jobs, and creates job schedules utilizing greedy sub-optimal CO2 decisions. The proposed algorithm is implemented using Kubernetes’ scheduler extender solution due to its ease of deployment with little overheads. The algorithm is evaluated with real-world workload traces and compared to the default Kubernetes scheduling implementation on several actual scenarios.
True polar wander in the Earth system
Authors: Wang Chong , Mitchell Ross N.
Published: June 2023

True polar wander (TPW), or planetary reorientation, is the rotation of solid Earth (crust and mantle) about the liquid outer core in order to stabilize Earth’s rotation due to mass redistribution. Although TPW is well-documented on Earth presently with satellites and for multiple planets and moons in the Solar System, the prevalence of TPW in Earth history remains contentious. Despite a history of controversy, both the physical plausibility of TPW on Earth and an empirical basis for it are now undisputed. Lingering resistance to the old idea likely stems from the fact that, like plate tectonics, TPW may influence much of the Earth system, thus acknowledging its existence requires rethinking how many different datasets are interpreted. This review summarizes the development of TPW as a concept and provides a framework for future research that no longer regards TPW like a ghost process that may or may not exist, but as an integral part of the Earth system that can relate shallow and deep processes that are otherwise only mysteriously linked. Specifically, we focus on the temporal regularity of large TPW, and discuss its relationship with the supercontinent–megacontinent cycle based on previous studies. We suggest the assembly of mega-continents has a close linkage to large TPW. Meanwhile, supercontinent tenure and breakup have a close linkage to fast TPW. The effects of TPW on sea level changes, paleoclimate, biological diversity, and other facets of the Earth system are presented and require interdisciplinary tests in the future.
Das Gelassenheitsbarometer im Coaching – ein Selbstreflexionstool für vielfältige Kontexte
Authors: Kosuch Renate
Published: June 2023

Hohe psychische Anspannung und fehlende Gelassenheit wirken sich einschränkend auf Akzeptanz- und Veränderungsmöglichkeiten aus. Daher ist es hilfreich, die damit verbundenen mentalen Abläufe erkennen zu können. Das auf Basis der Introvision als Methode der Gelassenheitsförderung entwickelte Selbsteinschätzungstool wird zur Sensibilisierung und zur Unterstützung der Regulierung kontextbezogener Gelassenheit vorgestellt. Die Ausführungen richten sich vor allem an Coaches, die ihren Methodenkoffer ergänzen und die sich hinsichtlich ihrer eigenen Gelassenheit im Coaching reflektieren wollen.
A Scoping Review of HRI Research on ‘Anthropomorphism’: Contributions to the Method Debate in HRI
Authors: Damholdt Malene Flensborg , Quick Oliver Santiago , Seibt Johanna , Vestergaard Christina , Hansen Mads
Published: June 2023

Anthropomorphism represents a central theoretical term in social robotics and human robot interaction (HRI) research. However, the research into anthropomorphism displays several conceptual problems that translate into methodological shortcomings. Here we report the results of a scoping review, which we conducted in order to explore (i) how the notion of ‘anthropomorphism’ is understood in HRI and social robotics research, and (ii) which assessment tools are used to assess anthropomorphism. Three electronic databases were searched; two independent reviewers were involved in the screening and data extraction process; a total of 57 studies were included in the final review which encompassed 43 different robots and 2947 participants. Across studies, researchers used seven different definitions of anthropomorphism and most commonly assessed the phenomenon by use of amended versions of existing questionnaires (n = 26 studies). Alternatively, idiosyncratic questionnaires were developed (n = 17 studies) which, as a qualitative thematic analysis of the individual questionnaire items revealed, addressed nine distinct themes (such as attribution of shared intentionality, attribution of personality etc.). We discuss these results relative to common standards of methodological maturity and arrive at the conclusion that the scope and heterogeneity of definitions and assessment tools of anthropomorphism in HRI hinders cross-study comparisons, while the lack of validated assessment tools might also affect the quality of results. To nurture reflection on these methodological challenges and increase comparability within the field we conclude by offering a set of reporting guidelines for research on anthropomorphism, as a first constructive effort to facilitate a coherent theory of anthropomorphism.
Der freiwillige Kohlenstoffmarkt: Zwischen privater Governance und öffentlicher Regulierung
Authors: Kreibich Nicolas , Schulze-Steinen Max
Published: June 2023

Die Analyse erläutert die Funktionsweise des globalen Kohlenstoffmarkts und wie dieser von Unternehmen zur CO2-Kompensation bei der Erfüllung ihrer freiwilligen Klimaschutzziele genutzt wird. Vor dem Hintergrund der veränderten Rahmenbedingungen des Übereinkommens von Paris stellen die Autoren dar, mit welchen Herausforderungen der Kohlenstoffmarkt konfrontiert ist und wie diese durch Nutzung einer Alternative zur CO2-Kompensation überwunden werden können.
Existence, uniqueness and Ulam stability results for a mixed-type fractional differential equations with p-Laplacian operator
Authors: Kenef E. , Merzoug I. , Guezane-Lakoud A.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study a nonlinear fractional p-Laplacian boundary value problem containing both left Riemann–Liouville and right Caputo fractional derivatives with initial and integral conditions. Some new results on the existence and uniqueness of a solution for the model are obtained as well as the Ulam stability of the solutions. Two examples are provided to show the applicability of our results.
Too healthy for their own good: orthorexia nervosa and compulsive exercise in the community
Authors: Zohar Ada H. , Zamir Merav , Lev-Ari Lilac , Bachner-Melman Rachel
Published: June 2023

Background

The similarities and differences between orthorexia nervosa symptoms (ONs) and the symptoms and correlates of eating disorders listed in the DSM-5 need to be elucidated. ONs were examined in a volunteer community sample in conjunction with compulsive exercise, disordered eating, as well as emotional and behavioral correlates of eating disorders.

Methods

Participants were 561 adult volunteers (93 men, 17.09%) aged 19–72 (M = 32.7 ± 11), recruited via social media networks. Participants self-reported on the following measures online: Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale, Compulsive Exercise Test, Retrospective Child Feeding Questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships, Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 13. Data were downloaded and analyzed in SPSS26 and Amos26.

Results

A theoretical model of the connections between the study variables was tested via SEM and confirmed. The profiles of participants with high, average and low levels of ONs were compared. Participants with the highest levels also scored highest for compulsive exercise, insecure attachment, alexithymia, emotion regulation difficulties, weight and shape concerns, body dissatisfaction, restriction, bingeing, purging and parental feeding practices of concern about child’s weight and restricting and monitoring the child’s intake of calorie-rich foods.

Discussion

High levels of ONs are related to disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, as well as to emotional and behavioral correlates of eating disorders. It is unclear to what extent these ONs are distinguishable from symptoms of other eating disorders listed in the DSM-5. Longitudinal studies may help to elucidate distinct trajectories and risk factors for ON.

Level of evidence: Level III, case–control analytic study.
Power analysis for causal discovery
Authors: Kummerfeld Erich , Williams Leland , Ma Sisi
Published: June 2023

Causal discovery algorithms have the potential to impact many fields of science. However, substantial foundational work on the statistical properties of causal discovery algorithms is still needed. This paper presents what is to our knowledge the first method for conducting power analysis for causal discovery algorithms. The power sample characteristics of causal discovery algorithms typically cannot be described by a closed formula, but we resolve this problem by developing a new power sample analysis method based on standardized in silico simulation experiments. Our procedure generates data with carefully controlled statistical effect sizes in order to enable an accurate numerical power sample analysis. We present that method, apply it to generate an initial power analysis table, provide a web interface for searching this table, and show how the table or web interface can be used to solve several types of real-world power analysis problems, such as sample size planning, interpretation of results, and sensitivity analysis.
Evaluation Method of Japanese Teaching Effect Based on Feature Offset Compensation
Authors: Yu Xiaoling , Liu Xin
Published: June 2023

This study applies big data processing technology and parallel computing methods to assess the teaching effect of Japanese in the Flipped Classroom (FC) and task-based teaching mode. We propose a model for evaluating the Japanese teaching effect in this mode using feature offset compensation. We employ distributed mining of association rules to detect the teaching effect and extract ontology information and association rules related to the distribution of Japanese teaching effect in the FC and task-based teaching mode. Furthermore, we construct a fuzzy decision-making model for evaluating the teaching effect. The joint information entropy characteristic value of the teaching effect deviation is calculated, and the extracted characteristic quantity is classified and identified using feature deviation compensation and the C-means clustering method. Based on the classification and identification results, we achieve accurate evaluation of the Japanese teaching effect in the FC and task-based teaching mode. Our simulation results demonstrate high precision rates and confidence levels in the evaluation of Japanese teaching effect in this mode.
On the emergence of secondary tones in airfoil noise
Authors: Sano Alex , Cavalieri André V.G. , da Silva André F.C. , Wolf William R.
Published: June 2023

We present the results of direct numerical simulations of a NACA 0012 airfoil, with Mach number 0.3 and angle of attack of

$3^\circ$

, examining the dynamics of the flow with increasing Reynolds numbers. Two-dimensional simulation results are obtained with chord-based Reynolds numbers in the range

$3.2 \times 10^3 \leq Re \leq 2.70 \times 10^4$

, where each simulation uses the last time step of the previous one as a starting point, to capture the evolution of dynamics as a function of

$Re$

. The development of the pressure fluctuations with time shows a transition from periodic to quasi-periodic attractor for

$2.38 \times 10^4 \leq Re \leq 2.42 \times 10^4$

, leading to the emergence of secondary tones in the wall and acoustic field pressure spectra, different from peaks related to the fundamental frequency

$f_1$

and the respective harmonics; a second, incommensurate frequency

$f_2$

appears, leading to several secondary tones with frequency

$af_1 + bf_2$

, with

$a$

and

$b$

integers. Further increase of the Reynolds number leads to the emergence of a tertiary frequency,

$f_3$

, indicating a route to chaos of the Ruelle–Takens–Newhouse type. Such a mechanism is related to the ladder-type characteristic structure of the tones, indicating that dynamic systems theory is an important tool for understanding airfoil tonal noise.
Revision of Jurassic Protobranch Bivalves from Gebel Maghara, northern Sinai, Egypt
Authors: Ayoub-Hannaa Wagih S. , Fürsich Franz T. , Abdelhady Ahmed A.
Published: June 2023

The Jurassic rocks of Gebel Maghara, northern Sinai, Egypt, contain a well-preserved and highly diverse macrobenthic fauna, dominated by bivalves. This fauna, particularly bivalves and gastropods, have received little attention in the last 100 years. In an attempt to provide a sound database on the marine bivalve diversity of Egypt during the Jurassic period, a first faunal group, the protobranch bivalves, is reviewed in detail. Sixteen taxa (three of them new), belonging to two orders, five families, and nine genera are systematically described and compared to closely related Jurassic taxa from various locations, particularly in Europe and India. New species are Nuculoma douvillei n. sp., N. sinaiensis n. sp., and Palaeoneilo aegyptiaca n. sp. In addition, Palaeonucula cuneiformis (J. de C. Sowerby), P. muensteri (Goldfuss), Dacryomya diana (d'Orbigny), D. lacryma (J. de. C. Sowerby), and Praesaccella juriana Cox are identified from Jurassic strata of Egypt for the first time. The younger records of the genus Palaeoneilo have not been accepted by some researchers, since almost all exhibit only limited features. The genus occurs with certainty in the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian‒Bathonian) rocks of Egypt, based on well-preserved external and internal characters. Similarly, Dacryomya and Ryderia from Bathonian‒Kimmeridgian rocks of Egypt are younger than previously recorded from other parts of the world. The identified genera have wide geographic ranges and have been reported from different faunal provinces, which suggests that latitudinal climate differences did not influence their distribution pattern to a great extent.

UUID: https://zoobank.org/7f3a9185-d690-4563-bdc0-df1c8d42ec0d
After states, before humanity? The meta-politics of legality and the International Criminal Court in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Palestine
Authors: Grzybowski Janis , dos Reis Filipe
Published: June 2023

In the debate on the (de-)judicialisation of international affairs and the International Criminal Court (ICC) specifically, the distinctions between legality and politics and between state sovereignty and the international remain contested. While realist and legalist approaches discuss the transformation of international politics by international criminal law, sociological and critical-legal perspectives instead highlight the politics of international criminal law. In this contribution, we focus on how the distinctions between (international) law and politics matter, not as substantively opposed spheres, but as boundaries that the ICC itself contingently and flexibly draws when considering particular situations. These meta-politics of invoking and reproducing key boundaries in seemingly technical elaborations of the interest of justice, the scope of its jurisdiction, or the application of complementarity reflect the Court’s particular authority but also its predicament of pushing for an international criminal law serving humanity, rather than states, while reproducing the distinctions between (international) law and politics. We illustrate the Court’s meta-politics by revisiting three recent decisions of the ICC to (not) investigate alleged international crimes committed by British forces in Iraq, by the Taliban, governmental, and US forces in Afghanistan, and by Israeli authorities and Palestinian groups in the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Gaza.
Use of palliative sedation following Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) legislation: A mixed-methods study of palliative care providers
Authors: Mills Anneliese , Nolen Amy , Qureshi Fahad , Selby Debbie
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Palliative sedation (PS) and Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) are options for end-of-life (EOL) care in Canada, since the latter was legalized in 2016. Little research to date has explored the potential impact of MAiD on PS practices. This study investigated physicians’ perceptions of their practices surrounding PS and how they may have changed since 2016.

Methods

A survey (n=37) and semi-structured interviews (n=23) were conducted with palliative care providers throughout Ontario. Questions focused on PS practices and explored potential changes following the implementation of MAiD. Codes were determined collaboratively and applied line-by-line by 2 independent investigators. Survey responses were analyzed alongside interview transcripts and noted to be concordant. Themes were generated via reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Thematic analysis yielded the following themes: (1) Increased patient/family knowledge of EOL care; (2) More frequent/fulsome discussions; (3) Normalization/repositioning of PS; and (4) Conflation and differentiation of PS/MAiD. Across these themes, participants espoused increased patient, family, and provider comfort with PS, which may stem equally from the advent of MAiD and the growth of palliative care in general. Participants also emphasized that, following MAiD, PS is viewed as a less radical intervention.

Significance of results

This is the first study to investigate physicians’ perspectives on the impact of MAiD on PS. Participants strongly opposed treating MAiD and PS as direct equivalents, given the differences in intent and eligibility. Participants stressed that MAiD requests/inquiries should prompt individualized assessments exploring all avenues of symptom management – the results of which may or may not include PS.
Well-Being of Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ruiz de Zarate Anne Eppinger , Thiel Ansgar , Sudeck Gorden , Dierkes Katja , John Jannika M. , Nieß Andreas M. , Gawrilow Caterina
Published: June 2023

Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, implemented social distancing measures led to behavioral changes and decreased well-being in adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between daily behaviors (physical and sport activity, social contacts, screen time) and adolescent well-being. For this, we conducted a 28-day ambulatory assessment study. Daily data of 125 German adolescents (11–20 years) were collected every evening through self-report and analyzed with multilevel models. Between and within individuals, physical activity was positively related to well-being and screen time was negatively related to well-being. Social contacts were positively related to well-being within individuals. Explorative analyses revealed differences between sport activity contexts (sports club, leisure time, school), and between in-person and digital social contacts. Our findings suggest that physical activity and in-person social contacts are positively related to adolescent well-being and should, thus, be enabled during the pandemic. Furthermore, the role of screen time should be considered in health promotion.
Do Derived Drought Indices Better Characterize Future Drought Change?
Authors: Jiang Ze , Johnson Fiona , Sharma Ashish
Published: June 2023

Current methods for climate change assessment ignore the significant differences in uncertainty in model projections of the two key constituents of drought, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. We present here a new basis for assessing future drought using climate model simulations that addresses this limitation. The new method estimates the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) in a two‐stage process. The first stage of our proposed approach is to derive the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) using reliable atmospheric variables, which are filtered with a wavelet‐based spectral transformation. This derived SPI is then converted to an equivalent SPEI by combining it with climate model evapotranspiration simulations. We assess the performance of our proposed approach across Australia. The consistency of general circulation model (GCM) drought projections, in terms of both frequency and severity, is improved using the derived SPI. Incorporating evapotranspiration further improves the consistency of the multiple GCMs and drought time scales. The proposed framework can also be generalized to other water resources applications, where the differences in GCM uncertainty for precipitation and evapotranspiration affect climate change impact assessments.
Estimating Future Surface Water Availability Through an Integrated Climate‐Hydrology‐Management Modeling Framework at a Basin Scale Under CMIP6 Scenarios
Authors: Shao Manqing , Fernando Nelun , Zhu John , Zhao Gang , Kao Shih‐Chieh , Zhao Bingjie , Roberts Elizabeth , Gao Huilin
Published: June 2023

Climate change and increasing water demand due to population growth pose serious threats to surface water availability. The biggest challenge in addressing these threats is the gap between climate science and water management practices. Local water planning often lacks the integration of climate change information, especially with regard to its impacts on surface water storage and evaporation as well as the associated uncertainties. Using Texas as an example, state and regional water planning relies on the use of reservoir “Firm Yield” (FY)—an important metric that quantifies surface water availability. However, this existing planning methodology does not account for the impacts of climate change on future inflows and on reservoir evaporation. To bridge this knowledge gap, an integrated climate‐hydrology‐management (CHM) modeling framework was developed, which is generally applicable to river basins with geographical, hydrological, and water right settings similar to those in Texas. The framework leverages the advantages of two modeling approaches—the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) and Water Availability Modeling (WAM). Additionally, the Double Bias Correction Constructed Analogues method is utilized to downscale and incorporate Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 GCMs. Finally, the DHSVM simulated naturalized streamflow and reservoir evaporation rate are input to WAM to simulate reservoir FY. A new term—“Ratio of Firm Yield” (RFY)—is created to compare how much FY changes under different climate scenarios. The results indicate that climate change has a significant impact on surface water availability by increasing reservoir evaporation, altering the seasonal pattern of naturalized streamflow, and reducing FY.
Therapeutic potential of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulators in psychiatry
Authors: Hanson Jesse E. , Yuan Hongjie , Perszyk Riley E. , Banke Tue G. , Xing Hao , Tsai Ming-Chi , Menniti Frank S. , Traynelis Stephen F.
Published: June 2023

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate a slow component of excitatory synaptic transmission, are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system, and regulate synaptic plasticity. NMDA receptor modulators have long been considered as potential treatments for psychiatric disorders including depression and schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental disorders such as Rett Syndrome, and neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease. New interest in NMDA receptors as therapeutic targets has been spurred by the findings that certain inhibitors of NMDA receptors produce surprisingly rapid and robust antidepressant activity by a novel mechanism, the induction of changes in the brain that well outlast the presence of drug in the body. These findings are driving research into an entirely new paradigm for using NMDA receptor antagonists in a host of related conditions. At the same time positive allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors are being pursued for enhancing synaptic function in diseases that feature NMDA receptor hypofunction. While there is great promise, developing the therapeutic potential of NMDA receptor modulators must also navigate the potential significant risks posed by the use of such agents. We review here the emerging pharmacology of agents that target different NMDA receptor subtypes, offering new avenues for capturing the therapeutic potential of targeting this important receptor class.
Cortical glutamate and GABA are related to compulsive behaviour in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and healthy controls
Authors: Biria Marjan , Banca Paula , Healy Máiréad P. , Keser Engin , Sawiak Stephen J. , Rodgers Christopher T. , Rua Catarina , de Souza Ana Maria Frota Lisbôa Pereira , Marzuki Aleya A. , Sule Akeem , Ersche Karen D. , Robbins Trevor W.
Published: June 2023

There has been little analysis of neurochemical correlates of compulsive behaviour to illuminate its underlying neural mechanisms. We use 7-Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to assess the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission by measuring glutamate and GABA levels in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and supplementary motor area (SMA) of healthy volunteers and participants with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Within the SMA, trait and clinical measures of compulsive behaviour are related to glutamate levels, whereas a behavioural index of habitual control correlates with the glutamate:GABA ratio. Participants with OCD also show the latter relationship in the ACC while exhibiting elevated glutamate and lower GABA levels in that region. This study highlights SMA mechanisms of habitual control relevant to compulsive behaviour, common to the healthy sub-clinical and OCD populations. The results also demonstrate additional involvement of anterior cingulate in the balance between goal-directed and habitual responding in OCD.
Stakeholder integration predicts better outcomes from groundwater sustainability policy
Authors: Perrone Debra , Rohde Melissa M. , Hammond Wagner Courtney , Anderson Rebecca , Arthur Samantha , Atume Ngodoo , Brown Meagan , Esaki-Kua Lauren , Gonzalez Fernandez Martha , Garvey Kelly A. , Heidel Katherine , Jones William D. , Khosrowshahi Asl Sara , Munill Carrie , Nelson Rebecca , Ortiz-Partida J. Pablo , Remson E. J.
Published: June 2023

Natural resources policies that promote sustainable management are critical for protecting diverse stakeholders against depletion. Although integrating diverse stakeholders into these policies has been theorized to improve protection, empirical evidence is lacking. Here, we evaluate 108 Sustainability Plans under California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act to quantify how well stakeholders are integrated into plans and protected from groundwater depletion. We find that the majority of Sustainability Plans do not integrate or protect the majority of their stakeholders. Nevertheless, our results show that when stakeholders are more integrated into a Sustainability Plan, they are more likely to be protected, particularly for those that lack formal access to decision-making processes. Our findings provide strong empirical evidence that integrating diverse stakeholders into sustainability planning is beneficial for stakeholders who are vulnerable to the impacts of natural resource depletion.
Asymmetric gradient orbital interaction of hetero-diatomic active sites for promoting C − C coupling
Authors: Wang Jin Ming , Zhu Qin Yao , Lee Jeong Heon , Woo Tae Gyun , Zhang Yue Xing , Jang Woo-Dong , Kim Tae Kyu
Published: June 2023

Diatomic-site catalysts (DACs) garner tremendous attention for selective CO2 photoreduction, especially in the thermodynamical and kinetical mechanism of CO2 to C2+ products. Herein, we first engineer a novel Zn-porphyrin/RuCu-pincer complex DAC (ZnPor-RuCuDAC). The heteronuclear ZnPor-RuCuDAC exhibits the best acetate selectivity (95.1%), while the homoatomic counterparts (ZnPor-Ru2DAC and ZnPor-Cu2DAC) present the best CO selectivity. In-situ spectroscopic measurements reveal that the heteronuclear Ru–Cu sites easily appear C1 intermediate coupling. The in-depth analyses confirm that due to the strong gradient orbital coupling of Ru4d–Cu3d resonance, two formed *CO intermediates of Ru–Cu heteroatom show a significantly weaker electrostatic repulsion for an asymmetric charge distribution, which result from a side-to-side absorption and narrow dihedral angle distortion. Moreover, the strongly overlapped Ru/Cu-d and CO molecular orbitals split into bonding and antibonding orbitals easily, resulting in decreasing energy splitting levels of C1 intermediates. These results collectively augment the collision probability of the two *CO intermediates on heteronuclear DACs. This work first provides a crucial perspective on the symmetry-forbidden coupling mechanism of C1 intermediates on diatomic sites.
An RNA-immunoprecipitation via CRISPR/dCas13 reveals an interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR RNA and the process of human lipid metabolism
Authors: Shimizu Yurika , Bandaru Srinivas , Hara Mari , Young Sonny , Sano Toshikazu , Usami Kaya , Kurano Yuta , Lee Suni , Kumagai-Takei Naoko , Takashiba Shogo , Sano Shunji , Ito Tatsuo
Published: June 2023

We herein elucidate the function of SARS-CoV-2derived 5'UTR in the human cells. 5'UTR bound host cellular RNAs were immunoprecipitated by gRNA-dCas13 (targeting luciferase RNA fused to SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR) in HEK293T and A549 cells. The 5'UTR bound RNA extractions were predominantly enriched for regulating lipid metabolism. Overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR RNA altered the expression of factors involved in the process of the human Mevalonate pathway. In addition, we found that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors were shown to suppress SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR-mediated translation activities. In conclusion, we deduce the array of host RNAs interacting with SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR that drives SARS-CoV-2 translation and influences host metabolic pathways.
Bioinformatics analysis and reveal potential crosstalk genetic and immune relationships between atherosclerosis and periodontitis
Authors: Dong Wenyuan , Gong Yuxin , Yang Bin , Li Bao
Published: June 2023

Periodontitis is an inflammatory and immune-related disease with links to several systemic diseases, and the pathological process of atherosclerosis also involves inflammatory and immune involvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the common immune cells and potential crosstalk genes between periodontitis (PD) and atherosclerosis (AS). By analyzing the weighted gene co-expression network of differentially immune infiltrating cells in two diseases to obtain important module genes, and taking the intersection of the module genes, we obtained 14 co-expressed immune-related genes, and evaluated the predictive value of 14 immune-related genes using three machine learning models.Two potential immune-related crosstalk genes (BTK and ITGAL) were finally obtained by taking intersections of WGCNA intersection genes, DEGs and IRGs.Then, the diagnostic column line graphs were constructed based on the 2 crosstalk genes, and the calibration curves, DCA curves and clinical impact curves indicated that the two genes had strong disease prediction ability, and we further validated the accuracy of the two potential crosstalk genes for disease diagnosis in the validation dataset.Single gene GSEA analysis showed that both genes are jointly involved in biological processes such as antigen presentation and immune regulation, and single sample GSEA analysis showed that macrophages and T cells play an important role in periodontitis in atherosclerosis.This study explored the genetic correlation between atherosclerosis and periodontitis using bioinformatics tools. BTK and ITGAL were found to be the most important crosstalk genes between the two diseases and may have an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases. Macrophage and T cell mediated inflammatory and immune responses may play an important role in periodontitis and atherosclerosis.
Spatial ecology of translocated raccoons
Authors: Hill Jacob E. , Helton James L. , Chipman Richard B. , Gilbert Amy T. , Beasley James C. , Dharmarajan Guha , Rhodes Olin E.
Published: June 2023

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are routinely translocated both legally and illegally to mitigate conflicts with humans, which has contributed to the spread of rabies virus across eastern North America. The movement behavior of translocated raccoons has important ramifications for disease transmission yet remains understudied and poorly quantified. To examine the spatial ecology of raccoons following experimental translocation, we performed reciprocal 16 km-distance translocations of 30 raccoons between habitats of high and low raccoon density (bottomland hardwood and upland pine, respectively) across the Savannah River Site (SRS) in Aiken, South Carolina, USA (2018–2019). Translocation influenced patterns of raccoon space use, with translocated animals exhibiting a 13-fold increase in 95% utilization distributions (UDs) post- compared to pre-translocation (mean 95% UD 35.8 ± 36.1 km2vs 1.96 ± 1.17 km2). Raccoons originating from upland pine habitats consistently had greater space use and larger nightly movement distances post-translocation compared to raccoons moved from bottomland hardwood habitats, whereas these differences were generally not observed prior to translocation. Estimated home ranges of male raccoons were twice the area as estimated for female raccoons, on average, and this pattern was not affected by translocation. After a transient period lasting on average 36.5 days (SD = 30.0, range = 3.25–92.8), raccoons often resumed pre-experiment movement behavior, with 95% UD sizes not different from those prior to translocation (mean = 2.27 ± 1.63km2). Most animals established new home ranges after translocation, whereas three raccoons moved > 16 km from their release point back to the original capture location. Four animals crossed a 100-m wide river within the SRS post-translocation, but this behavior was not documented among collared raccoons prior to translocation. Large increases in space use combined with the crossing of geographic barriers such as rivers may lead to elevated contact rates with conspecifics, which can heighten disease transmission risks following translocation. These results provide additional insights regarding the potential impacts of raccoon translocation towards population level risks of rabies outbreaks and underscore the need to discourage mesocarnivore translocations to prevent further spread of wildlife rabies.
Post-synthetic modification-driven ZIF reconstruction and functionalization for efficient SARS-CoV-2 ECL detection
Authors: Wang Ju-Zheng , Li Yi-Xuan , Yang Qiaoting , Li Junji , Chauvin Jérome , Zhang Xue-Ji , Cosnier Serge , Marks Robert S. , Shan Dan
Published: June 2023

In this work, an efficient ECL conversion material was obtained through a post-synthetic modification strategy. Based on this, a biosensor was constructed to detect SARS-Cov-2 rapidly at room temperature.
A wash-free, elution-free and low protein adsorption paper-based material for nucleic acid extraction
Authors: Tang Ruihua , Yan Xueyan , Li Min , Du Aoqi , Yang Hui , Yin Huancai , Xie Mingyue
Published: June 2023

A wash-free, elution-free and low protein adsorption paper-based nucleic acid extraction material (PEG-CF/COS-CF/CF paper) has been developed by mixing the PEG-modified fiber, COS-modified fiber and cotton fiber using the wet molding method.
A facile method for purifying DNA-modified small particles and soft materials using aqueous two-phase systems
Authors: Duan Xiaoman , Liu Biwu
Published: June 2023

The aqueous two-phase system is used to facilitate the purification of DNA-conjugated nanomaterials simply with a benchtop minicentrifuge.
Does thermotropic liquid crystalline self-assembly control biological activity in amphiphilic amino acids? – tyrosine ILCs as a case study
Authors: Grunwald Marco André , Hagenlocher Selina Emilie , Turkanovic Larissa , Bauch Soeren Magnus , Wachsmann Sebastian Benedikt , Altevogt Luca Alexa , Ebert Max , Knöller Julius Agamemnon , Raab Aileen Rebecca , Schulz Finn , Kolmangadi Mohamed A. , Zens Anna , Huber Patrick , Schönhals Andreas , Bilitiewski Ursula , Laschat Sabine
Published: June 2023

A series of modular combinations ofl-tyrosine and substituted benzoic acids was studied to understand their mesomorphic behavior and to establish a possible link between liquid crystalline properties and biological activity of these new compounds.
Photocyclization reaction and related photodynamics in the photoproducts of a tetraphenylethylene derivative with bulky substituents: unexpected solvent viscosity effect
Authors: de la Hoz Tomás Mario , Yamaguchi Mao , Cohen Boiko , Hisaki Ichiro , Douhal Abderrazzak
Published: June 2023

Disclosing the photocyclization reactions and fs-ms photodynamics of the photoproducts of TTECOOBu in solutions of different viscosities and PMMA matrices.
First-principles study of 2H-Mo2C-based MXenes under biaxial strain as Li-battery anodes
Authors: Khammuang Satchakorn , Pratumma Anucha , Sakulkalavek Aparporn , Kaewmaraya Thanayut , Hussain Tanveer , Kotmool Komsilp
Published: June 2023

By means of density functional theory, we demonstrate the potential application of the strained 2H phase of Mo2C-based MXenes (Mo2C and Mo2CO2) as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
Acoustofluidic large-scale mixing for enhanced microfluidic immunostaining for tissue diagnostics
Authors: Draz Muaz S. , Dupouy Diego , Gijs Martin A. M.
Published: June 2023

An acoustofluidic device for more accurate, cost effective, and faster immunostaining for tissue diagnostics and spatial proteomic analysis.
Room temperature curable inorganic–organic hybrid nanocomposite hydrophobic coating: mechanistic understanding of the role of Ti(iv) and the diamine based curing agent
Authors: Manna Srikrishna , Maity Santanu , Naskar Milan Kanti , Medda Samar Kumar
Published: June 2023

Room temperature curable inorganic–organic hybrid nanocomposite single layered transparent hard hydrophobic coatings have been developed by sol–gel spray coating process.
A dual responsive ionic liquid-based polymeric hydrogel: a promising drug delivery vehicle for the treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Pansuriya Raviraj , Patel Tapas , Mehra Sanjay , Kumar Arvind , El Seoud Omar A. , Kumar Sugam , Aswal Vinod K , Kailasa Suresh Kumar , Malek Naved I.
Published: June 2023

Designing cancer therapeutics that can ameliorate the high dose related side effects of chemotherapy and are safer, more effective, and site specific with a stimuli response has received attention in recent times.
Temperature-dependent magnetic properties of the room-temperature ferromagnetic Janus monolayer Fe2XY (X, Y = I, Br, Cl; X ≠ Y)
Authors: Shen Chenhai , Li Xueping , Wang Tianxing , Wang Guangtao , Xia Congxin
Published: June 2023

The temperature-dependent magnetic properties of the Janus monolayer Fe2XY (X, Y = I, Br, Cl; X ≠ Y) are investigated.
Therapeutic efficacy of 211At-radiolabeled 2,6-diisopropylphenyl azide in mouse models of human lung cancer
Authors: Ode Yudai , Pradipta Ambara R. , Ahmadi Peni , Ishiwata Akihiro , Nakamura Akiko , Egawa Yasuko , Kusakari Yuriko , Muguruma Kyohei , Wang Yang , Yin Xiaojie , Sato Nozomi , Haba Hiromitsu , Tanaka Katsunori
Published: June 2023

We developed 211At-radiolabeled 2,6-diisopropylphenyl azide (ADIPA) for targeted α-particle therapy. In the experiment using a mouse model, low-dose (70 kBq) administration of ADIPA effectively suppressed tumor growth without causing adverse effects.
Revisiting ‘revisiting supervised methods for effort‐aware cross‐project defect prediction’
Authors: Li Fuyang , Yang Peixin , Keung Jacky Wai , Hu Wenhua , Luo Haoyu , Yu Xiao
Published: June 2023

Effort‐aware cross‐project defect prediction (EACPDP), which uses cross‐project software modules to build a model to rank within‐project software modules based on the defect density, has been suggested to allocate limited testing resource efficiently. Recently, Ni et al. proposed an EACPDP method called EASC, which used all cross‐project modules to train a model without considering the data distribution difference between cross‐project and within‐project data. In addition, Ni et al. employed the different defect density calculation strategies when comparing EASC and baseline methods. To explore the effective defect density calculation strategies and methods on EACPDP, the authors compare four data filtering methods and five transfer learning methods with EASC using four commonly used defect density calculation strategies. The authors use three classification evaluation metrics and seven effort‐aware metrics to assess the performance of methods on 11 PROMISE datasets comprehensively. The results show that (1) The classification before sorting (CBS+) defect density calculation strategy achieves the best overall performance. (2) Using balanced distribution adaption (BDA) and joint distribution adaptation (JDA) with the K‐nearest neighbour classifier to build the EACPDP model can find 15% and 14.3% more defective modules and 11.6% and 8.9% more defects while achieving the acceptable initial false alarms (IFA). (3) Better comprehensive classification performance of the methods can bring better EACPDP performance to some extent. (4) A flexible adjustment of the defect threshold λ of the CBS+ strategy contribute to different goals. In summary, the authors recommend researchers and practitioners use to BDA and JDA with the CBS+ strategy to build the EACPDP model.
Numerical assessment of mechanical ventilation filtration
Authors: Taibi Laila , El Mankibi Mohamed , Bahrar Myriam , Kindinis Andrea , Lapertot Arnaud , Bahloul Ali , Brochot Clothilde
Published: June 2023

The improvements in living standards and air-conditioning have widely been applied, however, the health effects of indoor air pollution have been increasing, especially in the last three years with the coronavirus. To get clean air through the building, filtration is one of the most efficient strategies to optimize indoor air quality. In this regard, a comparative study was done in a classroom at ENTPE laboratory to emphasize filtration’s importance and to test the efficiency of analyzed type PM10_50. The results highlighted allows us to see the impact of control strategy on the efficiency of filtration (air conditions and ventilation systems performances). The numerical feedback has also been analyzed and the results allowed us to find an efficient filter and draw recommendations for their use.
Investigation of maternal serum hepassocin concentrations in pregnant
women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective case-control
study
Authors: Cakmak Aysegul , Kale İbrahim , Muhcu Murat
Published: June 2023

Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal serum hepassocin concentrations.

Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88
pregnant women who applied to the Ümraniye Training and Research
Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between April 2022 and November 2022.
The GDM group consisted of 44 pregnant women who had a 75-g OGTT between the
24th and 28th week of pregnancy and were diagnosed with GDM. The control group
consisted of 44 healthy pregnant women who were matched with the GDM group in
terms of age and body mass index (BMI) and had a normal 75-g OGTT result.
Demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and perinatal outcomes were
noted. Two groups were compared in terms of maternal serum hepassocin
concentrations.

Results Both groups were similar in terms of age, BMI, weight gain,
gravida, parity, polycystic ovary syndrome history, history of diabetes mellitus
in the family, and the gestational week at blood sampling for hepassocin
(p>0.05 for each). The median maternal serum hepassocin concentration
was found to be 18.21 ng/ml in the GDM group, while it was
determined as 13.05 ng/ml in the non-GDM group
(p=0.012). The GDM group was divided into two groups: the group that
only dieted until birth and the group that used insulin until birth for blood
glucose regulation. The median hepassocin concentration was found to be
17.99 ng/ml in the diet-only GDM group and
32.15 ng/ml in the insulin-using GDM group. ROC analysis was
performed to determine the value of maternal serum hepassocin concentration in
predicting GDM. AUC analysis of maternal serum hepassocin for estimation of GDM
was 0.656 (p=0.012, 95% CI=0.53–0.77). The
optimal threshold value for maternal serum hepassocin concentration was
determined as 14.13 ng/ml with 61.4% sensitivity and
61.4% specificity.

Conclusion Serum hepassocin concentration evaluated between 24 and 28
weeks of gestation was found to be higher in pregnant women with GDM than in the
non-GDM group. The highest serum hepassocin concentration was found in the GDM
group using insulin for blood glucose regulation. Hepassocin seems to be a
promising molecule that can be used in GDM screening in pregnant women who do
not want to have an OGTT in the future.