bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Familias transnacionales ecuatorianas y desigualdad de género en contextos de circularidad migratoria
Authors: Tenesaca Guzmán Gabriel , Gil Gesto Isabel
Published: January 2024

El artículo analiza los reajustes del sistema de cuidados que se gestan en el interior de las familias transnacionales ecuatorianas que viven procesos migratorios circulares y de retorno en la parroquia rural Victoria del Portete (Azuay, Ecuador). A partir de una metodología cualitativa, haciendo uso de entrevistas a profundidad a adolescentes hijos e hijas de migrantes entre 15 y 18 años, se estudia cómo la reorganización de las actividades de cuidado en contextos de circularidad migratoria implica no solo una sobrecarga de trabajo, sino también la perpetuación y exacerbación de las desigualdades de género. Los hallazgos de la investigación dan cuenta de cómo esta transferencia de cuidados recae en las hijas mayores de las familias nucleares, aún adolescentes en muchos de los casos, quienes asumen también roles productivos, provocando procesos de adultez precoz que refuerzan los mandatos y roles tradicionales de género.
Cielo raso de paja y barro aligerado: respuesta adaptativa al clima extremo en viviendas andinas
Authors: Alfaro Sergio , Yuste Beatriz , Palme Massimo
Published: January 2024

La plancha de barro y paja aligerada es una práctica constructiva que las comunidades andinas han empleado tradicionalmente en los cielos de sus viviendas. Según su ubicación geográfica se denomina con distintos nombres como “caruna, takta, t´ajta, p’ira, t’illi” y emplea en su elaboración la tierra y paja de su entorno altiplánico. Actualmente sufre el riesgo de desaparición, producto de los procesos socioculturales vividos en el territorio durante los últimos 50 años. Este artículo describe las acciones de rescate y puesta en valor del sistema, a través de un proyecto de investigación tecnológica con metodología de campo y laboratorio en la región de Arica y Parinacota, al norte de Chile. Los resultados obtenidos a través de esta investigación, han permitido caracterizar mecánica y físicamente el sistema, los hallazgos se han contrastado con los principios de salvaguardia para evaluar su potencialidad de reconocimiento en el sistema nacional de Patrimonio Inmaterial salvaguarda.
La sociologie rurale française : de la spécialisation à une « sociologie transversale »
Authors: Debroux Josette
Published: January 2024

Dans un contexte d’expansion et de fragmentation des sciences sociales liées, en partie, aux transformations du champ politique avec la construction d’une « demande sociale » après la seconde guerre mondiale, la sociologie rurale française s’est imposée comme une spécialisation reposant sur l’opposition ville-campagne, le présupposé d’une forte spécificité et d’un particularisme du monde rural. La théorie des sociétés paysannes a accompagné les transformations de la paysannerie avec la redéfinition de sa place dans la société française. L’outillage conceptuel de la sociologie rurale ne permet pas d’analyser les changements observables depuis les années 1975 notamment l’intensification des mobilités entre les villes et les campagnes, l’effondrement de la population agricole devenue nettement minoritaire dans la plupart des espaces ruraux, les transformations de l’agriculture. L’effacement institutionnel de la sociologie rurale observable à la fin des années 1970 ne signe pas la fin des travaux portant sur le monde rural. On assiste à une diversification des productions tant du point des thématiques que des problématiques. Si certains travaux s’inscrivent dans le sillage de la sociologie rurale des années 1960‒1970, d’autres sont produits par une nouvelle génération de sociologues qui n'a pas été formée à la « sociologie rurale » avec ses présupposés, ses concepts spécifiques. C’est à partir des champs de la sociologie dans lesquels ils s’inscrivent (sociologie politique, sociologie économique, sociologie du genre, sociologie de la socialisation…) qu’ils investissent les terrains ruraux, ce qui n’exclue pas de considérer que les « espaces ruraux », au-delà de leur diversité, conservent certains traits spécifiques.
Le « choix » d’une localisation résidentielle en zone périurbaine : une analyse par les trajectoires sociales
Authors: Debroux Josette
Published: January 2024

Dans les années 1970, l’espace périurbain apparaît comme un lieu d’installation privilégié des « nouvelles classes moyennes » liées au déploiement de l’État-Providence notamment dans les domaines de l’éducation et de la santé. Dans cet espace, elles peuvent mettre en pratique leur « modèle culturel » qui accorde une grande place au cadre de vie, à la sociabilité, à l’implication dans la vie locale. Dans les années 1990, dans un contexte économique transformé, la représentation des « classes moyennes » conquérantes a fait place à celle de « classes moyennes » déclassées, « repliées sur elles-mêmes », « fragilisées ». La sphère résidentielle apparaît comme un pôle de stabilité comme pendant de l’instabilité professionnelle. Les entretiens biographiques réalisés auprès d’une quarantaine de ménage d’actifs de deux communes périurbaines de la région de Grenoble dont ils ne sont pas originaires montre qu’en dépit de la diversité de leurs positions sociales, ils ont en commun d’entretenir un rapport ambivalent à leur groupe d’appartenance lié à leur trajectoire sociale. Schématiquement, l’installation en périurbain peut conforter une position sociale « fragile » suite à une mobilité sociale ascendante rendant peu assurée la nouvelle position occupée ou compenser une identité professionnelle insatisfaisante dans les situations de déclassement ou de mobilité ascendante interrompue.
Les stratégies de la vie quotidienne des agriculteurs polonais
Authors: Drąg Zbigniew
Published: January 2024

Cet article aborde la problématique de la qualité de vie des agriculteurs polonais dans le contexte des processus de la globalisation. Celle-ci se traduit par des phénomènes et processus nouveaux qui réorganisent notre vie. Nous les percevons comme dangers et défis. Est-ce que l’augmentation des sentiments de dangers et des défis de la globalisation réduit la qualité de notre vie, celle-ci étant définie subjectivement comme bien-être psychique ? Pour répondre à ces questions, l’auteur mobilise les résultats de recherches réalisées en 2017 sur l’échantillon représentatif des 3551 chefs des fermes agricoles. Le bien-être psychique est analysé à partir du sentiment de contentement général de la vie, l’optimisme, l’intégration sociale, l’harmonie intérieure ; les dangers et défis de la globalisation, pour leur part, sont analysés dans la sphère du travail, au niveau financier et dans la sphère culturelle. Paradoxalement, l’augmentation du sentiment de dangers et des défis de la globalisation s’accompagne d’une augmentation du bien-être psychique. Des stratégies de contrôle des changements de la globalisations actives – passives mises en oeuvre par les agriculteurs jouent un rôle décisif. La recherche d’informations sur des situations nouvelles est utilisée comme un indicateur des stratégies active (activisme adaptatif). On suppose, en effet que la connaissance des dangers et des défis de la globalisation reste un moyen de contrôle. La religiosité émotionnelle est l’indicateur des stratégies passives. Nous supposons que l’impossibilité de contrôle fondée sur des éléments rationnels conduit à se tourner vers des éléments transcendantaux, assurant la protection contre des choses inconnues et incompréhensibles. Les deux types de réaction pouvaient être utilisés en même temps, parallèlement. Grâce à cela, le bien-être psychique dans la situation des changements liés à la globalisation n’était pas réduit.
Le village et la culture folklorique en Pologne centrale (étude empirique)
Authors: Matuchniak-Mystkowska Anna
Published: January 2024

Le texte présente la culture folklorique de la région de Sieradz et de Piotrków Trybunalski. situées en Pologne centrale. La recherche empirique concernait les styles de vie, les mœurs et l’art dans des familles plurigénérationnelles des régions rurales, ainsi que leur transmission d’abord dans le premier système de la culture – familiale puis dans le deuxième ‒ des institutions locales (musées ethnographiques, écoles).
La sémiotique du discours et l'anthropologie strucurale: Autour de la Fugue des cinq sens
Authors:   Société d’Etudes Franco-coréennes, CHOI Yang Ho
Published: January 2024

Cet article a pour objectif d'examiner la possibilité d'un dialogue entre la sémiotique du discours de Greimas ou post-Greimas et l'anthropologie structurale de Lévi-Strausse dans le cadre de ce qu'on appelle le “tournant sensoriel.” Dans le cadre de ce “tournant sensoriel,” cet article attire l'attention sur l'actualité d'un texte intitulé “La Fugue des cinq sens” apparu dans le premier chapitre de la troisième partie du premier livre Mythologies de Levi- Strausse. Plus précisément, nous allons procéder à l'analyse de ce texte en faisant appel au modèle sémiotique du champ sensoriel formulé par Fontanille dans le premier chapitre de la deuxième partie de son livre intitulé Soma & Séma. Lévi-Strausse et Fontanille définissent tous les deux le sens en termes de flux et mettent en évidence le mouvement syntaxique dans le champ sensoriel. Cette recherche montre que la rencontre entre la sémiotique du discours et l'anthropologie structurale donnera des résultats aussi fructueux que celle de r ère du structuralisme.
BAITUL MAL IN SAMBAS IN THE COLONIAL PERIOD: The History of Establishment And Management
Authors: Sunandar Sunandar , Posha Beti Yanuri , Lamazi Lamazi , Yusnita Henny
Published: January 2024

Baitul Mal management in the Sultanate of Sambas started from the establishment of Ulama’s official institution, so the state could supervise the religious issues. Through the Maharaja Imam, Muslim affairs were handled. The permanent management improvement of Baitul Mal in the Sultanate of Sambas was started in 1944, through Ulama’s discussion in the Sambas Kingdom consisting of Imam, Khatib, and Penghulu. They formulated 37 articles concerning the cost of marriage, divorce, reconciliation, alms (zakat māl, and zakat fitrah), procedures for withdrawal, distribution, and the eligible recipients of funds. The Baitul Mal founding was interfered by a fundamental problem, caused by political issues within Sambas society. Those issues included Japan’s defeat in 1945, the NICA arrival followed by the Dutch expulsion in 1949, and the PGRS-PARAKU incidents until 1965. Since the early days, Baitul Mal management in Sambas has found its form and can move social life through the funds distribution, one of which is to support the schools in Sambas. Baitul Mal in Sambas is currently in crisis due to the existence of new zakat institutions both semi-government and private such as Badan Amil Zakat (BAZ). Therefore, they really need to have the people-oriented management.Pengelolaan Baitul Mal di wilayah Kesultanan Sambas dimulai dari pembentukan lembaga resmi ulama, sehingga pengurusan masalah keagamaan ditangani oleh negara. Melalui Maharaja Imam, urusan Muslim ditangani. Perbaikan pengelolaan Baitul Mal secara permanen di Kesultanan Sambas dimulai pada tahun 1944, melalui musyawarah yang dihadiri oleh para ulama di Kerajaan Sambas yang terdiri dari Imam, Khatib dan Penghulu. Dalam rapat tersebut dirumuskan 37 pasal tentang masalah biaya perkawinan, perceraian, rukun, sedekah (zakat mal dan zakat fitrah), tata cara penarikan, penyaluran /distribusi dana dan orang-orang yang berhak menerimanya. Pembentukan Baitul Mal mengalami masalah yang mendasar, yang diakibatkan oleh masalah politik yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Sambas, mulai dari kekalahan Jepang kepada Sekutu pada tahun 1945, yang diikuti kedatangan NICA hingga pengusiran Belanda pada tahun 1949, peristiwa PGRS-PARAKU hingga tahun 1965. Manajemen Baitul Mal di Sambas sejak masa awal telah menemukan bentuknya dan mampu menggerakkan kehidupan sosial melalui distribusi dananya, salah satunya adalah menopang sekolah/madrasah yang terdapat di Sambas. Dalam carut marut pengelolaan Baitul Mal di Sambas saat ini yang ditandai dengan munculnya beragam lembaga dengan label Badan Amil Zakat (BAZ), semi pemerintah maupun swasta maka sangat dibutuhkan pengelolaan yang beorientasi pada kepentingan umat.
THE ACTUALIZATION OF ECONOMIC FIQH IN EMPOWERING THE SMALL TRADERS TO CHALLENGE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
Authors: Khasanah Umrotul
Published: January 2024

The small traders in traditional markets have become a unique phenomenon. In actualizing the Fiqh of Economy, they should be empowered. However, in socio-economic facts, small traders often face difficulties in obtaining fund assistance from formal financial institutions. This qualitative study reveals the role of the Economic Fiqh actualization in empowering small traders in the era of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). They still face the classic problem i.e. limited access to capital. The credit distribution from conventional financial institutions should have been accessible for small traders to increase capital. However, in fact, it is not that easy due to lack of collateral and less elastic administrative management. Interestingly, amid the unfortunate situation, Sharia Microfinance Institutions (SMI) provide capital access for small traders. SMI transforms the existing system by providing easy access without collateral and elastic administration. Since 2015, Indonesia has entered the AEC committed to realizing economic equality in the ASEAN region by prioritizing the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. With easy access to capital, it will encourage people’s welfare and increase the economic growth of the community.Keberadaan pedagang kecil di dalam pasar tradisional menjadi fenomena unik. Secara aktualisasi fiqih ekonomi pedagang kecil mestinya harus diberdayakan. Namun, dalam fakta sosial-ekonomi, pedagang kecil kerap kali kesulitan mendapatkan bantuan modal dari lembaga keuangan formal. Penelitian kualitatif ini, mengungkapkan peran aktualisasi fiqih ekonomi dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi pedagang kecil di era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA). Pedagang kecil masih menghadapi masalah klasik yaitu keterbatasan akses permodalan. Penyaluran kredit dari lembaga keuangan konvensional, yang mestinya dapat diakses pedagang kecil untuk menambah modal, namun tak bisa diakses karena ketiadaan agunan dan pengelolaan administrasi yang kurang elastis. Menariknya, di tengah persoalan yang menghimpit para pedagang kecil, Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah (LKMS) memberi akses pedagang kecil untuk mendapatkan modal. LKMS mentransformasi sistem yang ada, yaitu dengan memberikan kemudahan akses tanpa jaminan dan administrasi yang elastis. Sejak 2015, Indonesia telah memasuki MEA yang berkomitmen untuk mewujudkan pemerataan ekonomi di kawasan regional ASEAN dengan mengutamakan sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM). Dengan akses permodalan yang mudah akan mendorong kesejahteraan masyarakat dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat.
THE EXISTENCE OF CRIMINAL SANCTION IN INSIDER TRADING IN THE ACT NUMBER 8 OF 1995 CONCERNING CAPITAL MARKET AFTER THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY REGULATION NUMBER 36/POJK.04/2018
Authors: Fatimah Wahyu Nur
Published: January 2024

This article is written because of the existence of the Securities Exchange Act (UUPM) No. 8 of 1995 concerning criminal sanctions for perpetrators of insider trading crimes. Furthermore, The Financial Services Authority (OJK) issued the OJK Regulation No. 36/POJK.04/2018 ruling sanctions against the insider trading criminals following Una Via principles i.e. the selection between criminal and administrative sanctions. To date, the insider trading criminals have been given only administrative one. UUPM states clearly that such perpetrator is included in crimes, not violation, so they should be given criminal sanction. The article aims to describe the position of criminal sanction toward insider trading criminals after the implementation of the OJK Regulation No. 36/POJK.04/2018 concerning Procedures for Audit in the Capital Market Sector. The author uses normative juridical method in reviewing the legislation by using articles, books, and other literatures related to the problem. The results reveal that the OJK prioritizes administrative sanction and has the criminal sanction as the last option in penalizing the insider trading criminals. Such criminal is forbidden in Islam because they cheat other capitalists.Penulisan artikel ini dilatarbelakangi adanya Undang-Undang Pasar Modal No. 8 Tahun 1995 memuat sanksi pidana bagi pelaku tindak pidana insider trading, dan pihak Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) mengeluarkan peraturan baru yakni Peraturan OJK No. 36/POJK.04/2018 mengatur pemberian sanksi terhadap pelaku tindak pidana insider trading menganut prinsip Una Via yakni prinsip pemilihan antara sanksi pidana dan sanksi administrative. Implementasi peraturan selama ini tindak pidana insider trading hanya dikenakan sanksi administratif. Didalam Undang-Undang Pasar Modal telah dinyatakan bahwa tindak pidana insider trading masuk dalam kategori kejahatan dan bukan pelanggaran, sehingga sanksi yang dikenakan adalah sanksi pidana. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan bagaimana kedudukan sanksi pidana pada tindak pidana Insider Trading pasca berlakunya Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No. 36/POJK.04/2018 Tentang Tata Cara Pemeriksaan di Sektor Pasar Modal. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yakni mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang juga dibantu dengan artikel, buku, dan literatur lain yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan pada tulisan ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa untuk kedudukan sanksi pidana sendiri OJK lebih mengedepankan sanksi administrative dan menempatkan sanksi pidana sebagai pilihan terakhir dalam pemberian sanksi terhadap pelaku tindak pidana insider trading. Tindak pidana insider trading dalam hukum Islam dilarang karena terdapat unsur mencurangi para pemodal lain.
EXCHANGING MASLAHAH BETWEEN LANDOWNERS AND LAND TENANTS: The Practice of Sandak-Tanggep in Pringgasela District
Authors: Haji Munir H. Zainal Arifin
Published: January 2024

Sandak-tanggep is an agreement between penyandak (landowner/Rahin) by binding himself to hand over the benefits of the land to the penanggep (land tenant/Murtahin) for certain period followed by cash payment as a reward. Penyandak still has the right to redeem the land from the Penanggep. Sandak-tanggep does not always work smoothly. One party could transfer the lease to another within contract period. This study presents the practice of sandak-tanggep that is commonly done in managing the rice fields and gardens in Pringgasela District, which is not implemented on any other items. The study employs qualitative descriptive method by directly interviewing the people who do sandak-tanggep and doing observation. The secondary data are from the documents and writings related to the current topic. Both are in the form of books and articles. The results show, many people practice this tradition using verbal agreements, that often causes violations of rights and obligations from both parties. This practice is significantly similar with pawn and customary law. The difference lies in the economic conditions between penyandak and penanggep that are inversely proportional to the pawn. This article is very useful in formulating legal policy, especially its application to muamalah practice.Sandak-tanggep adalah suatu perjanjian antara Penyandak (Rahin) dengan mengikatkan dirinya untuk menyerahkan manfaat tanah kepada Penanggep (Murtahin) selama waktu tertentu diikuti pembayaran tunai sebagai imbalannya. Penyandak tetap berhak untuk menebus kembali tanah tersebut dari pihak Penanggep. Praktik sandak-tanggep yang terjadi tidak selalu berjalan sebagaimana mestinya, bisa saja salah satu pihak mengalihkan hak guna sewa kepada pihak lain ketika akad masih berlangsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyajikan model praktik yang umum sering dilakukan di Kecamatan Pringgasela terhadap tanah sawah maupun kebun ialah praktik sandak-tanggep bahkan tidak dilakukan pada barang lainnya. Metode deskriptif kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi secara langsung kepada masyarakat yang melakukan praktik sandak-tanggep. Data sekunder berasal dari dokumen maupun tulisan berkaitan dengan topik penelitian, baik berupa buku maupun artikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika masih banyak masyarakat yang melaksanakan praktik ini dengan perjanjian secara lisan, sehingga menyebabkan pelanggaran hak dan kewajiban dari kedua belah pihak. Praktik ini mempunyai kemiripan signifikan dengan gadai dan hukum adat, perbedaannya terletak pada kondisi ekonomi antara penanggep dan penyandak berbanding terbalik dengan gadai. Article ini sangat bermanfaat dalam merumuskan kebijakan hukum, terutama pengaplikasiannya pada praktik muamalah.
THE AUTHORITY RATIONALIZATION PHILOSOPHY OF THE INDONESIA COMPETITION COMMISSION: The Due Process of Law and Maqashid Sharia Perspectives
Authors: Yasin Noer
Published: January 2024

The Indonesia Competition Commission (ICC) is a super body institution in enforcing business competition law in Indonesia. There are three subsystems of authority in the said law, namely the authority to investigate and observe, the authority to prosecute and the authority to adjudicate. The ICC is full of conflicts of interest in performing its functions, thus, impartiality is not an easy task. This is normative research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were obtained through literature study and analyzed using extensive interpretation. The research focus is, first, rationalization in the due process of law perspective guarantees the impartiality of the ICC in executing its authority. Second, in the maqashid sharia perspective, ICC can realize justice and protect citizens’ property. In the second perspective, this rationalization is included at the primary level by separating the prosecution and the adjudication authorities. The government should provide a clear policy so the ICC stands as a prosecution agency with more authority to conduct a search to obtain the needed evidence. Meanwhile, the authority to adjudicate is on the Commercial Court, a special court in the General Court. This article contributes thoughts on Business Competition Law and the authority of the KPPU in the legal process and the perspective of Maqashid sharia.Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha merupakan lembaga superbody dalam menegakkan hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Dalam hukum tersebut, terdapat tiga subsistem kewenangan, yaitu kewenangan penyelidikan dan penyidikan, kewenangan penuntutan, dan kewenangan mengadili. KPPU sarat dengan konflik kepentingan dalam menjalankan fungsinya, karenanya, imparsialitas sulit ditegakkan. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis menggunakan penafsiran ekstensif. Fokus penelitian, pertama, rasionalisasi dalam perspektif due process of law menjamin imparsialitas KPPU dalam melaksanakan kewenangannya. Kedua, dalam perspektif maqashid syariah, KPPU dapat mewujudkan keadilan dan perlindungan harta benda warga negara. Dalam perspektif maqashid syariah, rasionalisasi ini masuk pada jenjang primer dengan memisahkan kewenangan penuntutan dan mengadili. Hendaknya pemerintah dapat memberikan kebijakan yang jelas agar KPPU berdiri sebagai lembaga penuntut dengan penambahan kewenangan untuk melakukan penggeledahan dalam upaya mendapatkan bukti-bukti yang dibutuhkan. Sedangkan, kewenangan mengadili ada pada Pengadilan Niaga yang merupakan pengadilan khusus dalam Pengadilan Umum. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi pemikiran mengenai Hukum Persaingan Usaha serta kewenangan KPPU dalam proses hukum dan perspektif Maqashid sharia.
CONSUMER PROTECTION AGAINST REPACKAGED IMPORTED PRODUCTS
Authors: Faiqoh Ulfia Nur
Published: January 2024

The sales of skincare are varied, one of which is repackaging the original packaging. This study aims at determining consumer protection on the sale of imported products that are repackaged and analysis made based on saddu adz-dzari’ah perspective. This research is a normative legal research. The results of the study show that consumer protection for imported products that are repackaged is a violation because the producers of the imported products did not attach the information that should be obtained by consumers as arranged in Article 8, Paragraph 1 of Consumer Protection Act. It becomes a concern since it could harm the consumers. Meanwhile, the saddu adz-dzari’ah perspective suggests that this repackaged products sale is included in the sale and purchase that are allowed since it does not lead to something bad or a loss for both parties because, in the buying process, the producer will explain the content that the product contains. Sellers who repackaged the products should provide complete information and explain the repackaging process so that consumers’ rights to obtain clear information about the products they buy are fulfilled. This article may enrich the literature of consumer protection and provide recommendations for law enforcement of consumer protection.Penjualan skincare di pasar bervariatif salah satunya dengan melakukan kemas ulang dari kemasan asli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan konsumen terhadap penjualan produk impor yang dikemas ulang dan analisis dengan perspektif saddu adz-dzari’ah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan hukum sebagai sumbernya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif serta hukum Islam. Bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perlindungan konsumen terhadap produk impor yang dikemas ulang merupakan suatu hal yang melanggar karena dalam packaging produsen kemas ulang tidak mencantumkan hak informasi yang seharusnya diperoleh konsumen seperti yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen Pasal 8 ayat 1 huruf a,c,g,i sehingga hal ini dikhawatirkan dapat membahayakan konsumen. Sedangkan, perspektif saddu adz-dzari’ah penjualan secara kemas ulang ini termasuk kedalam jual beli yang diperbolehkan karena tidak membawa kedalam jalan yang menimbulkan sesuatu yang buruk atau kerugian untuk kedua belah pihak karena dalam proses pembelian produsen akan menjelaskan kandungan yang terdapat dalam produk. Artikel ini dapat memperkaya literatur perlindungan konsumen dan memberikan beberapa rekomendasi untuk penegakan hukum di bidang perlindungan konsumen.
TAFRIQ AL-HALAL ‘AN AL-HARAM THEORY IN THE SELECTION OF SHARIA STOCKS: The Comparative Study in The Sharia Capital Market in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Renie Elsy , Iska Syukri , Thaidi Husein 'Azeemi Abdullah , Binti Yusof Ummi Annis
Published: January 2024

Sharia stock is the Islamic capital market’s instrument used as a proof of a company’s shareholder ownership. It must be in line with the Quran, Sunnah, and Ulama’s ijtihad. To include a company’s shares in the sharia category, there are several criteria and screening processes taken by the issuer. This study examines and analyzes tafriq halal wal haram theory in the screening process of the Indonesian Islamic capital market and compares it to Malaysia. Comparative approach and content analysis were used here. Qualitative method investigates whether the company involves in riba activities, gharar, producing non-halal products, gambling, and so forth. This is a normative study to review Indonesia Financial Services Authority regulations and stock exchange regulations. The results indicate that the Indonesian Sharia Capital Market uses an interest-based debt ratio limit compared to a maximum total asset of 45% while Malaysia uses a 20% limit, and the ratio of non-halal income to total income should not be more than 10%. This study can be the reference for Muslim countries to apply the theory of tafriq halal ‘an haram in the selection of sharia stocks in sharia capital market.Saham syariah adalah instrumen pasar modal syariah yang digunakan sebagai bukti kepemilikan pemegang saham suatu perusahaan. Hal tersebut harus sejalan dengan Al-Qur’an, Sunnah, dan ijtihad Ulama. Untuk memasukkan saham perusahaan dalam kategori syariah, ada beberapa kriteria dan proses penyaringan yang dilakukan emiten. Penelitian ini mengkaji dan menganalisis teori tafriq halal wal haram dalam proses penyaringan pasar modal syariah Indonesia dan membandingkannya dengan Malaysia. Kedua negara menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif dalam proses penyaringan stok. Metode kualitatif menyelidiki apakah perusahaan terlibat dalam kegiatan riba, gharar, memproduksi produk yang tidak halal, perjudian, dan sebagainya. Kajian ini merupakan kajian normatif untuk mengkaji fatwa dan peraturan OJK dan peraturan Bursa. Pendekatan komparatif dan analisis isi digunakan di sini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pasar Modal Syariah Indonesia menggunakan batas rasio utang berbasis bunga dibandingkan dengan total aset maksimum 45% sedangkan Malaysia menggunakan batas 20%, dan rasio pendapatan non-halal terhadap total pendapatan tidak boleh lebih 10%. Artikel ini dapat dijadikan sebagai rujukan negara muslim untuk membuat tafriq halal ‘an haram dalam melakukan seleksi saham syariah pada pasar modal syariah.
TEXT AUTHORIZATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHARIA ECONOMIC LAW IN INDONESIA: Study of the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulama Council
Authors: Mustofa Imam
Published: January 2024

DSN-MUI fatwa is a reference for the sharia standardization in Islamic financial institutions. Fatwa not only refers to primary references (Quran and Sunnah) strengthened by jurisprudence, but also secondary references such as ulamas’ opinions. This study analyzes the fatwa used as a text-based religious authority by the fatwa institution. This is a literature review which qualitative data are from primary and secondary sources collected through documentation, by reading the fatwa on Islamic finance from 2000-2012. Meanwhile, secondary data are articles, books, or studies related to the authority of religious texts in the sharia economic law discovery and development. The content analysis method was applied. This study found that of the 122 fatwas compiled in the DSN-MUI fatwa book, there were 47 fatwas (38.5%), referring to the opinions of salaf and contemporary ulamas as the basis, or as arguments and legitimacy. Based on the findings and analysis, the religion’s legitimacy and authority are at least based on two main things, the agents forming authority and references forming authority. Issuance of fatwa in sharia economic development is an attempt to reproduce the text’s authority. This study affirms previous studies reinforcing MUI as the religious authority, particularly in sharia economics.Fatwa DSN-MUI menjadi rujukan standardisasi kesyariahan sebuah lembaga keuangan syariah. Fatwa tidak hanya merujuk pada referensi primer (Quran dan sunnah) yang diperkuat dengan kaidah fikih, tetapi juga pada referensi sekunder dari pendapat para ulama. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisa fatwa yang dijadikan otoritas keagamaan yang bertumpu pada teks oleh lembaga fatwa. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif bersumber dari sumber data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dokumentasi, yaitu membaca fatwa tentang keuangan Syariah tahun 2000-2012. Data sekunder yaitu artikel, buku atau kajian terkait otoritas teks agama dalam penemuan dan pengembangan hukum ekonomi syariah. Data dianalisis dengan metode analisis isi. Kajian ini menemukan, dari 122 fatwa dalam buku kumpulan fatwa DSN-MUI, terdapat 47 fatwa (38,5%) yang merujuk pendapat ulama salaf dan kontemporer sebagai landasan fatwa-fatwa tersebut, atau setidaknya sebagai argumen dan legitimasi. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa legitimasi dan otoritas agama setidaknya bertumpu pada dua hal pokok yaitu agen pembentuk otoritas dan referensi pembentuk otoritas. Penerbitan fatwa dalam konteks pengembangan ekonomi syariah merupakan upaya mereproduksi otoritas teks. Kajian ini mengafirmasi kajian-kajian sebelumnya yang menyatakan penguatan MUI sebagai pemegang otoritas keagamaan, khususnya dalam bidang ekonomi syariah.
THE DECONSTRUCTION OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA ACTIVISTS AGAINST THE CONCEPT OF AGRARIAN REFORM BASED ON FIQH OF PRIORITIES
Authors: Herlindah Herlindah , Rohmah Siti , Mushoffa In'amul , Kodir Abdul
Published: January 2024

After several years of suspension, agrarian reform was re-implemented as a way to achieve agrarian justice. This policy was stipulated in the Presidential Regulation Number 86 of 2018 concerning the Implementation of Agrarian Reform which is framed in the Agrarian Reform and Social Forestry (RAPS). However, many groups, mainly the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) with their strong activism in the agrarian struggle, deeply criticized this policy. This research will examine how NU activists deconstruct the concept of agrarian reform in the RAPS policy using the priority fiqh theory. Fiqh of priorities was initiated to consider the implementation of charity acts or policies deserving the priority of concern based on Shariah principles. This study applied empirical and normative legal research by interviewing NU activists, who paid a specific concern in the agrarian sector, and by conducting a literature review of the results of NU’s ijtihad regarding agrarian reform. The result of this study indicates that agrarian reform in the RAPS policy has not fulfilled the priority fiqh principles. This article contributes to the accuracy of the concept and implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia which is more just in accordance with the scale of priorities needed to achieve the goals of agrarian reform.Setelah bertahun-tahun ditangguhkan, reforma agraria kembali diterapkan sebagai salah satu cara untuk mewujudkan keadilan di bidang agraria. Kebijakan ini ditetapkan dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 86 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelaksanaan Reforma Agraria yang dibingkai dalam kebijakan Reforma Agraria dan Pergutanan Sosial (RAPS). Tetapi, kebijakan reforma agraria dalam RAPS dikritik banyak kalangan, salah satunya dari kalangan Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) yang aktif dalam perjuangan agraria. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji bagaimana dekonstruksi aktivis NU terhadap konsep reforma agraria dalam kebijakan RAPS dengan menggunakan teori fikih prioritas. Fikih prioritas merupakan salah satu teori dalam fikih kontemporer yang digagas untuk mempertimbangkan pelaksanaan amal atau kebijakan yang perlu diprioritaskan berdasarkan kaidah-kaidah syari’at. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian hukum empiris dan normatif, dengan mewawancarai para aktivis NU concern di bidang agraria serta kajian literatur terhadap hasil ijtihad NU mengenai reforma agraria. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa reforma agraria dalam kebijakan RAPS belum memenuhi kaidah fikih prioritas. Artikel ini berkontribusi untuk mengakurasi konsep dan implementasi reforma agraria di Indonesia yang lebih adil sesuai dengan skala prioritas yang dibutuhkan untuk menggapai tujuan reforma agraria.
Separating Concerns in Robot Arm Motion Path Planning
Authors: Krastev Evgeniy
Published: January 2024

The current state of robotic operating systems and application software does not offer enough ease of programming, reusability and adaptability to changes. Most of the algorithms for motion control are implemented in terms of older programming languages and concepts. This paper illustrates the advantages of employing object-oriented principles in designing computational algorithms in robotics. The novelty in the proposed approach is the application of the Separation of concerns principle in solving the inverse kinematic problem for motion control of redundant robot arms along a prescribed path in task space. The obtained model is ready for software implementation that adapts to changes in geometry and motion control subject to different quality criteria.
A Brief Bibliographic Review on Euler Neural Networks
Authors: Tasinaffo Paulo Marcelo
Published: January 2024

Euler Neural Networks are used exclusively for modeling non-linear dynamic systems, with application in control theory. These networks work coupled to the first order integrator of the Euler type. The Euler integrator was initially proposed by the mathematician Leonhard Paul Euler (1707-1783) in 1768. However, it is common knowledge that this type of numerical integrator is used with functions of instantaneous derivatives and its numerical precision is unsatisfactory. On the other hand, when this type of integrator is coupled with universal function approximators (e.g., artificial neural networks, Mamdani- Type fuzzy inference systems, etc.) its accuracy can be improved. The reason for this is that the artificial neural network, because it is a universal function approximator, it can learn the mean derivatives functions of the dynamic system considered, instead of instantaneous function derivatives. This small change makes the precision of the Euler integrator with mean derivatives equivalent to a Runge-Kutta of any order. The only drawback of the Euler Integrator, designed with mean derivatives is that it has a fixed step, while the Euler integrator designed with instantaneous derivatives is of varying step. In the literature, when coupled with a numerical integrator with a universal function approximator, such structures are known as universal numerical integrators. This article proposes to make a rather brief description of Euler Neural Networks coupled with a literature revision, to spread its use in the scientific community, since this structure of neural model structure is little known.
Control of the Multi-Legged Robots on Planar, Unstable and Vibrating Ground
Authors: Grzelczyk Dariusz 
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we developed and investigated numerically a general kinematic model of a multi-legged hybrid robot equipped with a crab-like and/or mammal-like legs. To drive the robot’s limbs, a novel generator of gait was employed and tested. The simulation model developed in Mathematica is suitable for virtual study and visualization of the locomotion process. In contrast to our previous studies, in this paper we focused only on precise control the position of the robot during walking in different directions. We are able to simultaneous control all six spatial degrees-of-freedom of the robot’s body (three deviations and three rotations along and around three different axes, respectively), as well as all robot’s legs. As a result, the investigated robot can be considered and used as a fully controlled walking Stewart platform. What is more, the used algorithm can also be successfully employed to coordination and control all limbs of the robot on unstable or vibrating ground. As an example, the control algorithm can be used to stabilize spatial position of the robot when the supporting ground becomes vibrating or unstable, and it will keep the robot stable and prevent it from falling over. Since the recent versions of Mathematica allows to communicate with different microcontrollers such as Arduino Uno or Raspberry Pi, the developed simulation algorithms can be relatively simply adopted to control real constructions of different multi-legged robots.
Research and Structural Optimization of Heat Dissipation Performance of Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger
Authors: Xiaoxiang Li 
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the problem of high oil temperature in a certain engineering machinery transmission system, a method to improve the heat dissipation performance of the heat exchanger by improving the internal structure of the heat exchanger is proposed, which makes it work in the normal temperature range. Based on the Colburn analogy equation and the fluid force balance equation, the influence factors of the heat dissipation performance of the water passage in the heat exchanger are analyzed. It can be seen that the cross-sectional area of the fluid passing through the fins is the most important factor affecting the heat dissipation performance of the heat exchanger. Comparing the heat dissipation performance before and after the improvement of the heat exchanger structure, the result shows that the heat dissipation power of the heat exchanger is increased by 18.3% ,and the oil temperature of the engineering machinery power transmission system is reduced by 19%,which effectively solves the problem.
The role of plant hormones in adaptation to drought stress in cereals
Authors:   Lancaster Environment Centre, UK, Thiry Arnauld A. , Reynolds Matthew P. ,   International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, Davies William J. ,   Lancaster Environment Centre, UK, Dodd Ian C. ,   Lancaster Environment Centre, UK
Published: January 2024

Future increases in drought, temperature and atmospheric VPD will have negative impacts on crop yield. If breeders are to develop genotypes that continue to yield significantly under these constraints, a greater understanding of mechanisms involved in plant tolerance/resilience to high temperature and drought stress will be a priority for improved crop production. Increasingly, plant hormones are shown to be involved in the regulation of many plant responses to drought and temperature stress. We highlight here the utility of a novel quantitative method to evaluate genotypic yield resilience and productivity. This can help us exploit new physiological understanding of the regulation of specific crop yield components under environmental stress. This case study on wheat shows that a hormonal signature (ABA and ethylene) can be used as a physiological trait for plant improvement. Such an approach to crop improvement can lead to the development of new genotypes to combat developing climate challenges.
Genetics of drought tolerance in cereals
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) – University of Bologna, Italy, Viviani Ambra , Tuberosa Roberto ,   Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) – University of Bologna, Italy, Maccaferri Marco ,   Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) – University of Bologna, Italy
Published: January 2024

This chapter discusses some of the latest findings related to the genetics of drought resistance of the world's most widely grown cereals. The chapter starts with rice because of its key role as an ancestral founder species and phylogenetically pivotal role for cereal evolution. The chapter then reviews barley, second in phylogeny after rice, durum wheat, bread wheat, sorghum and maize.
Da “letra da lei” à práxis
Authors: Silva Carlos Alberto Ferreira da , Silva Rayssa Castelo Branco da
Published: January 2024

Este artigo propõe uma discussão acerca da Letra da Lei à práxis, no intuito de compreender a importância do Corpo Político da pessoa com deficiência no contexto das políticas públicas, na cidade de Rio Branco, no Acre. A questão da acessibilidade urbana para pessoas com deficiência, com fundamento na legislação vigente, visa realizar um cotejo entre as garantias positivadas e o que se denota na prática. Neste texto, buscar-se-á explanar sobre o sentido de cidade e as noções de acessibilidade, a partir de um levantamento das políticas públicas existentes no âmbito Federal, Estadual e Municipal para verificar se as políticas criadas atendem às demandas sociais do cidadão com deficiência.
Teatro e deficiências
Authors: Alves Cândida Beatriz , Zana Augusta Rodrigues de Oliveira
Published: January 2024

A articulação teatro e deficiências no campo psi é colocada em cena por meio de texto teatral de Lígia Amaral, mulher com deficiência que, em sua tese de livre docência, faz dialogar Frida Kahlo e Anita Malfatti. O objetivo geral deste texto é analisar criticamente a peça, a partir de suas limitações e potencialidades. Ao se distanciar da mobilização da expressão artística com fins terapêuticos estritos, Lígia acaba recaindo em uma psicologização.
Mediação inclusiva
Authors: Laurentino Mariane , Partyka Juliana , Rosseto Robson
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo analisa uma experiência de mediação com espectadores cegos e baixa visão, a partir de um espetáculo da trupe Ave Lola, na cidade de Curitiba. Com base nas propostas de acessibilidade e inclusão cultural, buscou-se estimular espectadores a se colocarem como parte da criação e recepção teatral, por meio de estímulos sensoriais e criações imagéticas. Promovendo, dessa forma, uma imersão do público cego e com baixa visão no universo criado em “O Vira-Lata” (2022).
A palavra poética da audiodescrição dança com a performance
Authors: Cerejeira Thiago de Lima Torreão
Published: January 2024

Desafia-se aqui a refletir como a audiodescrição, enquanto recurso de acessibilidade cultural, contribui para a potência da experiência estética de performances por pessoas com deficiência visual e públicos afins. Busca-se compreender de que forma a aplicação de uma audiodescrição com uma verve mais poética pode ser decisiva para a fruição, propiciando, assim, um maior envolvimento com a poética da obra artística. Analisam-se desse modo alguns pressupostos teóricos convergentes com tal panorama que discorrem acerca de tal perspectiva e asseguram, desse modo, a premissa da acessibilidade cultural no contexto das artes da cena.
Effects of Salespersons’ Verbal and Nonverbal Communication in Beauty Service Encounters on Brand Image and Store Loyalty
Authors: Park Sun-Ju
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of salespersons’ verbal and nonverbal communication in beauty-service encounters on customers’ store loyalty, focusing on the mediating effect of brand image.Methods: Analyses were conducted by employing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program to investigate how salespersons’ verbal and nonverbal communication in beauty-service encounters affect customers’ store loyalty and brand image.Results: Verbal and nonverbal communication of salespersons in beauty-service encounters were found to positively influence brand image and customers’ store loyalty. In particular, beautyservice salespersons’ kinesics and paralanguage was identified to have a significant effect on store loyalty through brand image.Conclusion: When customers positively perceive beauty-service salespersons’ verbal and nonverbal communication, they will be satisfied with the beauty service; therefore, education and management in verbal and nonverbal communication is required. Accordingly, if beauty-service salespersons make an effort to boost confidence; wear neat and fashionable clothes; and maintain eye contact, positive facial expressions, and gestures, they will increase a store’s brand image and customers’ store loyalty.
The authority to prove deepfakes technically and jurisprudentially in artificial intelligence systems
Authors: Al-Sager Dr. Sager
Published: January 2024

The research aims to demonstrate the authority to prove deepfakes technically and jurisprudentially in artificial intelligence systems, as many people still fear the harm of this development in artificial intelligence, mimicking voice, and image, etc. The research contains the concept of artificial intelligence, details on the method of detecting deepfakes technically, the authority of deepfakes in jurisprudence, and then the result, which is: that ‏probable ‏evidence is considered one of the methods of proof considered in the judiciary in Islam. The means of proof are not limited to a specific number. ‏Therefore, those videos or audio clips that were detected through deepfake tools and whose falsification was not proven are some of the evidence that varies in strength and weakness. That is what the judge and his specialist experts estimate. This means according to the evidence, the authority of rights is proven, or dropped.