bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis of Multilingual Tweets on Cash Waqf
Authors: Riani Ririn , Aam  , Ikhwan Ihsanul
Published: March 2023

The practice of waqf is usually focused on a building or piece of land. Many donors end up not being able to afford the assets to participate in the Waqf. Cash waqf allows people of all backgrounds to engage in long-term charitable work. This study aims to analyze the sentiment generated from the social media ‘Twitter’ application regarding cash waqf. The technique employed is sentiment analysis of secondary data consisting of 330 tweets. The results showed that positive sentiment was the highest result with a percentage of 53%, followed by neutral sentiment at 32.1%, and negative sentiment at 14.8%. The good (positive) sentiment is the opinion of Twitter users who tweet about cash waqf topics by being positive and tend to be optimistic in responding to the existence of cash waqf and supporting the development of cash waqf. While the negative sentiment is the opinion of Twitter users who tend to express criticism in reviewing developments related to cash waqf. According to the findings, the majority of individuals are more pleased about the existence of cash waqf. As a result, increasing the number of scientific literature publications in indexed journals of cash waqf is necessary to maintain this favorable view.
Sentiment Analysis on Cash Waqf
Authors: Rahayu Sri
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the sentiment resulting from the opinion of researchers through published articles related to cash waqf. The data analyzed consisted of 107 research articles indexed by Scopus in 2022. The method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive statistics from literature studies on the theme of cash waqf. The results showed that neutral sentiment was the highest with a percentage of 44.9%, followed by positive sentiment of 31.8%, negative sentiment of 23.4%. The diversity of sentiment results is obtained because of the pros and cons of cash waqf.
Konsep Toleransi Beragama Perspektif Integritas Terbuka (Analisis Dialog Para Agamawan pada Channel Youtube Jeda Nulis)
Authors: Wasik Abdul , Philips Gerardette
Published: March 2023

Era tekhnologi yang berkembang begitu pesat mampu memberikan kemudahan bagi kita untuk mendakwahkan ajaran Islam yang rahmatallil’alamin. Nilai-nilai Islam yang indah harus sampai pada masyarakat muslim dipenjuru dunia termasuk nilai-nilai toleransi beragama di tengah-tengah masyarakat multicultural. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konsep toleransi beragama melalui dialog antar agama yang dilakukan Habib Ja’far dengan tokoh agama lainnya pada channel youtube Jeda Nulis melalui pendekatan integritas terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif desktiptif dan studi pustaka. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa konsep toleransi beragama adalah wujud nilai seluruh agama yang tujuannya bukan menarik seseorang untuk meninggalkan agama dan kepercayaannya. Melainkan dapat memberikan ruang terhadap agama lain untuk memperlihatkan keindahan tradisi dan kepercayaannya. Dialog antar agama akan membawa para pengikut agama memahami satu sama lain, menghargai perpektif niali-nilai agama masing-masing dan mencegah masyarakat yang memiliki perbedaan agama terhindar dari konflik agama atau saling menyerang satu sama lain. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dialog antar agama yang dilakukan merupakan upaya untuk mendidik diri sendiri dalam menghargai satu sama lain serta memperkuat iman seseorang untuk teguh terhadap kepercayannya.
Kronologi Turunnya Al-Qur’an Perspektif Orientalis: Studi Pemikiran Sir William Muir dan Gustav Weil
Authors: Agustina Dena , Devya Devya , Arafah Dewi Sinta Setiawati
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membahas mengenai kronologi turunnya Al-Qur’an yang dikaji oleh tokoh orientalis yakni Sir William Muir dan Weil Gustave. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif melalui studi pustaka dan analisis isi. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini adalah Menurut Weil Gustav Al-Qur’an diturunkan dalam 4 periode, yakni:  Pertama periode Mekah awal, yaitu dari turunnya wahyu pertama hingga masa hijrah ke Abisinia (tahun 615 M). Kedua, periode Mekah pertengahan, yaitu dari akhir periode pertama hingga saat kembalinya Nabi Muhammad Saw. Dari Thaif (tahun 620 M), Ketiga, periode Mekah akhir, yaitu dari akhir periode kedua hingga peristiwa hijrah (September 622 M), dan keempat, periode Madinah. Sedangkan menurut Sir William Muir mengkategorikan turunnya Al-Qur’an dalam enam periode, diantaranya: Pertama, diturunkannya surat rapsodi. Kedua, diturunkannya empat surat di dalam kitab suci Al-Qur’an yang menurut analisisnya sebagai surat-surat pembukaan atau awal masa kenabian dari Nabi Muhammad Saw. Ketiga, diturunkannya surat berisi nilai–nilai kebangkitan. Keempat, diturunkannya surat-surat yang ada di dalam kitab suci Al-Qur’an sudah mengarah kepada cerita Yahudi, pendeta, rabi dan kisah orang–orang Arab. Kelima, diturunkannya surat-surat yang berisi tentang penghapusan larangan. Keenam, turunnya surat-surat setelah turunnya nabi Muhammad yang berjumlah dua puluh satu surat.
Islamic Approaches in Multicultural and Interfaith Dialogue
Authors: Rofiqi M Aris , Haq Mochamad Ziaul
Published: March 2023

Humans are created with diverse ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds. Thus, dialogue experience has become a part of the experiences in daily life. Dialogue expresses an important aspect of human beings, such as listening and responding sincerely to each other and building bonds between them. It emphasizes different perspectives, attitudes, and openness. Similarly, Interreligious dialogue refers to a positive relationship with reciprocity and cooperation among followers of different religions. This dialogue communicates thoughts and hearts between different faiths people to build a common goal. In building interfaith dialogue, several approaches can be applied where the participants can become open, accept and respect different truths. The purpose of dialogue in Islam is not to change one's beliefs but to open up space and opportunities for others to express their religious beliefs and practices. Islam teaches that every human being has the right to choose and practice his religion. Dialogue can be realized without having to change our faith, we can even hold on to our faith. This research applies qualitative methods through contextual analysis.
Seeing Nature and the Cities in Aesthetic Narratives and Literary Forms
Authors: Lin Tzu Yu Allison
Published: March 2023

In this research about the comparative studies of the Natural environment and the cities, the author intends to focus on different kinds of literary genres and texts through which the relation between the concept of Nature and different cities would be studied and examined. The author uses various perspectives of seeing different works - especially visual arts and verbal arts – in terms of culture and humanity. By doing so, the author hopes to bring a better understanding towards the true meaning of these selected literary forms and texts. These literary genres and texts were selected and were aimed to observe the relation between Nature and culture, between Nature and the cities, and most importantly, between the animals and the human beings. It is significant to read the relations among the human beings and the natural environment and the animals, because in a way, the human beings would be able to find balance in which the human beings would even be able to find the true meaning of freedom and the true meaning of life through the inspiration of the things around them. In the similar fashion, when the human beings are aware of the conditions in which they are situated in, somehow, they are also able to express humanity through artistic forms and narratives, particularly visually and verbally. Works of painting and works of photography in literary forms – such as in the novels, the poems, the short stories and the dramatic plays – will be appreciated and will be analysed as aesthetic narratives.
The author on the stage with multiple hats in J. M. Coetzee s Elisabeth Costello
Authors: Aldemir Nimetullah
Published: March 2023

J.M. Coetzee is directly or indirectly always concerned with the multi-layered narrative texts problematising the concept of authorship and narration. This study treats the two novels as “textual narratives” and “narrative dramas” at a time. From a postclassical narratological perspective, the study investigates the narrators and narrative levels in J. M. Coetzee’s Elizabeth Costello (2003) with authors without authority. The characters in the novel occupy the roles of authors, narrators and characters having remarkable intellectual, self-conscious and reflective capabilities. The implied author, playing with the evasive links between the biographical connotations and fictional denotations, elucidates the fictional status of the novels regarding various narrative and authorial strategies. The study aims to reveal that it complicates the narrative levels and narrative voices and further incorporates them with that of the implied author. The study, therefore, foregrounding the narratological insights into literary representation of the characters, narrators and fictional authors, explores how Coetzee questions the notions of fiction, history, metatextual narrative and narrative drama amalgamating the elements of narrative representation, ideology and morality, politics (ecopolitics) and literary theory, writing as a semiotic praxis and writing as performance. The paper concludes that Coetzee undermines the hierarchical concepts and binary oppositions (textual, fictional, cultural, historical) assumed or produced through the act of writing or representation.
The Testaments: The Difference within the Gileadean World
Authors: Gündüz Ela İpek
Published: March 2023

Margaret Atwood’s recent dystopian novel The Testaments (2019) revisits The Handmaid’s Tale by depicturing Gilead’s nightmarish world of the patriarchal order, which is established especially against women’s potency. The sequel reminds the contemporary readers of Offred and her miseries who told the categorised women of Gilead functioning as the Wives, Handmaids, and Marthas. This time, with three different female figures, Baby Nicole, Agnes, and Aunt Lydia, as protagonists/ narrators, who take place on the edges of the Gileadean order, Atwood transforms the events of The Handmaid’s Tale, told by Offred. The novel encircles Offred’s tale by shedding light on the subsequent events told by the second-generation women (Agnes and Nicole) and comprises the prequel parts that Aunt Lydia provides. In this way, to “destabilise [the] unitary vision of the subject and open it up to the multiple and complex reconfigurations of diversity and multiple belongings, so as to [emphasise] … the internal fractures within each subject-position, or the ‘difference within’” with this follow-up text. With the streaming narratives of the three women who set forth the intersected phases to destroy the totalitarian regime and reached “identities of their own,” the sequel maintains the intriguing magic of the Gileadean tales. This article aims to trace the outlooks of different female narrators who procure a dimension of “gynesis” through which the re-exhibited Gilead comes to its end via women who have taken part in the period of dissolution.
Usabilidade do vestuário: fatores técnicos/funcionais
Authors: Silveira Icléia
Published: March 2023

O estudo apresenta abordagem teórica da aplicação dos procedimentos técnicos, para o desenvolvimento da modelagem do vestuário com vistas à usabilidade. A pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória identificou as ações projetuais com base em fatores ergonômicos essenciais pra a usabilidade do vestuário.
Desabilidade, Design de Moda e integração social
Authors: Gies Sheila
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar soluções para as dificuldades enfrentadaspor portadores de desabilidade relacionadas ao vestuário, considerando aimportância do uso de roupas normativas para a integração social de taisconsumidores. A metodologia para a pesquisa secundária é revisão literária e a pesquisa primária, qualitativa, é um estudo de caso único, com dados coletadosatravés de entrevista. Um único estudo de caso implica necessariamente umavisão limitada. Os resultados mostram que é possível para portadores de certos tipos de desabilidade o uso de roupas que são criadas para pessoas que não tenham desabilidade, desde que considerada a adequação de alguns recursos do design de moda em detrimento de outros. A contribuição original é a busca de soluções adequadas tanto para roupas de pessoas portadoras de desabilidade como para pessoas sem problemas de habilidade motora, diminuindo dessa forma as diferenças relativas ao vestuário que podem dificultar a integração social do desabilitado.
Moda e alteridade: moda autoral e a apropriação da criação do outro
Authors: Salomon Geanneti Silva Tavares
Published: March 2023

A grande vilã talvez seja a releitura, já apontada por alguns estudiosos da moda como uma saída estratégica encontrada para a reutilização de velhas idéias em novos olhares, mas nem sempre tão novos. O processo de releitura permite àquele que viveu uma década passada que está sendo "revisitada" curtir certo saudosismo agradável, ou tédio, se passou pela década revisitada seus maiores momentos de "experimentação de moda" - sugerimos aqui que  durante certo período da vida, que iria entre a pré-adolescência até por volta dos 30 anos, quase todas as pessoas são susceptíveis às manobras fashionistas, isto é, não se opõem a experimentar os ciclos da moda, suas propostas muitas vezes sem nexo de uma estação para outra. Nesse último caso será necessário mais do que uma visita ao período e sim uma nova proposta pautada naquele período.
Logomania: as marcas de luxo e o logo
Authors: Gomez Luiz Salomão Ribas
Published: March 2023

As marcas de luxo são construídas e desenvolvidas estrategicamente para a manutenção e divulgação de seus valores e personalidade. Para a consolidação da marca, as empresas precisam buscar um diferencial, com ações estratégicas que criam o reconhecimento de uma identidade única na mente do consumidor. Entre as estratégias da marca, está a divulgação intensa de seu logotipo em toda a sua comunicação. Essa divulgação para ser realizada adequadamente e com resultados efetivos necessita da ajuda do design gráfico. Este artigo procura apresentar a utilização dos logotipos pelas marcas de luxo e a participação do design gráfico, através da criação e gestão de marcas (branding). Principalmente no que diz respeito a forma visual, as marcas de luxo estão se utilizando dos 'logos' para atingir o imaginário das pessoas.
Moda e masculinidade: breves apontamentos sobre o homem dos séculos XX e XXI
Authors: Sena Taísa Vieira , Castilho Kathia
Published: March 2023

A sociedade moderna é terreno fértil à condição de indivíduo-consumidor. Portanto, vivemos em um novo mundo organizado em torno de imagens, que transformam radicalmente nossas experiências de vida, cria novas identidades e múltiplas formas de ação do indivíduo, permitindo-lhe agir como ator social. Este artigo levanta algumas possibilidades de diálogos entre Moda e masculinidades, suas interferências nos movimentos sociais e históricos. Trata também de suas modificações mediadas pelo consumo, que transforma os valores estéticos e simbólicos dentro de um sistema de hierarquização social e construção do eu.
Fashion Branding: uma relação emocional com o consumidor
Authors: Ribas Gomez Luiz Salomão , Olhats Magali , Pólo Claudia
Published: March 2023

Este artigo objetiva apresentar as bases que defendam a necessidade de Branding de Moda. Através de uma revisão das origens das decisões do consumidor, orientadas pelas marcas e as ligações emocionais que elas criam com o consumidor, chega-se a uma alternativa aos meios tradicionais de comunicação através de Branding. Empresas de moda devem abandonar a visão tradicional de consolidar a marca através da mera sistematização uma linguagem visual e se preocupar em criar discursos, posturas e elementos materiais.
A fotografia das estrelas de cinema como documento histórico da moda
Authors: Gularte Ana Paula
Published: March 2023

Buscando perceber o modo como as fotografias das estrelas de cinema influenciam na moda, neste trabalho é aplicada metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, interpretando a história fotográfica e cinematográfica juntamente com a moda,fundamentado em autores como Claudio Marra (2008), Edgar Morin (1980) e Pierre Bordieu (2005). A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a fotografia de moda na história cinematográfica entre a década de 1920 e 1960, bem como os artifícios que induziram a formação das estrelas de cinema como mito e sua relação com os mortais. Concluímos a relevância da fotografia das estrelas como documento histórico, nas transformações da moda, permitindo relações intersocietárias através da troca de tendências nas representações sociais e identificando a construção do imaginário social com a supervalorização da estrela.
Modelagem diferenciada para pessoas com desvios posturais: Técnicas particulares de modelagem que visam atender um nicho de mercado inexplorado
Authors: Ávila Munike
Published: March 2023

Atualmente, observa-se um crescimento no setor de moda especializado em atender casos específicos, mas é notável que este ainda necessite de mais atenção por parte dos empresários da área. O presente artigo objetiva adequar modelagens de peças da alta costura (ou alta moda) à mulheres que apresentam desvios posturais. O estudo apresenta, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, o aporte dos autores que fundamentam os assuntos relacionados ao tema, bem como resultados da pesquisa de campo aplicada com o público alvo em questão. Além disso, são apresentadas atividades realizadas e os resultados alcançados com a mesma.
Contextura: processos produtivos sob abordagem Zero Waste
Authors: Anicet Anne , Rüthschilling Evelise Anicet
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta resultado de análise dos processos de fabricação de roupas da marca Contextura, sob o enfoque do zero waste, ou seja, desperdício zero. Para tal, foram elencados os principais processos adotados pela empresa, tanto os de confecção como os de tratamentos de superfícies têxteis, que se encaixam na referida abordagem. A metodologia adotada é de mini estudos de casos que exemplificam os principais processos. O trabalho tem como objetivo provocar a reflexão na dialética entre teoria e prática industrial, fomentar a tomada de consciência sobre os conceitos norteadores da empresa e compartilhar os resultados com o meio acadêmico.
Processos contemporâneos de impressão sobre tecidos
Authors: Laschuk Tatiana , Ruthschilling Evelise Anicet
Published: March 2023

O artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa com métodos de impressão sobre tecidos de moda. Aponta processos e estratégias produtivas, tendo como principal objetivo a concepção de um panorama sobre o estado da arte da estamparia têxtil contemporânea sob o enfoque das tecnologias eletrônicas e a construção de formulações teóricas sobre o assunto. O artigo foi realizado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, visitas técnicas, entrevistas, experimentos, testes e discussão dos resultados.
Fotografia: Traços da História, da Memória e da Moda
Authors: Merlo Marcia , Brandão Romario
Published: March 2023

O artigo procura estabelecer uma relação entre História e Memória, por meio do trabalho museológico que lida com a fotografia como documento. Nesse contexto, a fotografia – no atributo de um traço do ocorrido – corrobora na construção de uma imagem que remete ao passado, nas reminiscências de modos e modas de outrora e de agora. Assim, a fotografia, detentora de memórias, apresenta-se como objeto de estudo e análise social, histórica, antropológica e política, isto porque o cedente da foto para o Museu é tratado como autor de sua própria história.
Sustentabilidade no desenvolvimento de fios para tecidos antitérmicos: uso da fibra da paineira
Authors: Dos Santos Kuhn Capeletti Soleni
Published: March 2023

O objeto do presente estudo é a fibra oriunda da árvore nativa brasileira paineira. Dessa forma, o foco da pesquisa foi desenvolver fio têxtil com a utilização desta fibra. Para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo, utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica dos assuntos correlatos à paina provinda da árvore paineira, e de outras fibras naturais e químicas; pesquisa experimental; relatos de teste em atelier. Os resultados demonstraram que a fibra da paineira possui propriedade antitérmica, pode ser utilizada no desenvolvimento de fios têxteis. Porém, a fibra necessita ser mesclada com outra fibra desde que esta também possua esta propriedade, a fim de que o produto final não desconfigure as características da fibra têxtil. Para fins deste estudo, realizou-se o teste com a lã de carneiro, por meio desta fusão, possibilitou a construção do fio.
A moda no contexto da sustentabilidade
Authors: Köhler Schulte Neide , Lopes Luciana , Alessio Monik Aparecida , Freitas Beatriz
Published: March 2023

A partir da pesquisa “Ecomoda: dimensões da sustentabilidade aplicadas ao produto do vestuário”, o presente artigo apresenta questões consideradas de valor para o entendimento do conceito sustentabilidade aplicado ao sistema de moda e ao setor têxtil. O trabalho foi desenvolvido baseado nas ideias de Lee (2009), Fletcher e Grose (2011), Berlim (2012) que apresentam conceitos elaborados para definir a sustentabilidade aplicada à moda e ao consumo do vestuário. A pesquisa nas teorias estudadas, analisadas e discutidas em grupo, em que participaram a coordenadora e os bolsistas de pesquisa e do Programa de Extensão EcoModa, serviu como ponto de partida para este artigo. O Programa de Extensão do Curso de Bacharelado em Moda da UDESC foi criado em 2004 com o objetivo de disseminar o conceito de sustentabilidade ambiental através da produção e consumo conscientes. Por fim, apresentaram-se exemplos de como os profissionais na área da moda estão introduzindo os conceitos de sustentabilidade em produtos e serviços.
Guest editorial:
Authors: Hiesgen Juliane , Schutte Clara
Published: March 2023

Since the identification of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibodies about 15 years ago, many patients with rapidly progressing psychiatric symptoms, abnormal movements, seizures or unexplained coma, have been diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). The symptom onset is often unspecific and might mimic psychiatric disease, but the later course is frequently characterized by severe disease, often requiring intensive care. Clinical and immunological criteria are helpful in identifying the patients, but no biomarkers exist to guide the clinician in therapy or predict outcome. While persons of all ages can be affected by AE, some types of AE affect more children and young adults and are more prevalent in women. This review will focus on encephalitides associated with neuronal cell-surface or synaptic antibodies, which can result in characteristic syndromes, and are often recognizable on clinical grounds. AE subtypes associated with antibodies against extracellular epitopes can occur with or without tumours. Because the antibodies bind and alter the function of the antigen, the effects are often reversible if immunotherapy is initiated, and the prognosis is favourable in most instances. The first part of this series will introduce the topic, provide an overview of current neuronal surface antibodies and how they present, describe the most common subtype, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, and discuss the difficulties in recognizing patients with underlying AE amongst patients with new onset psychiatric disorders.
firearm pandemic: time to act and flatten the curve
Authors: Navsaria Pradeep , Maqungo Sithombo , Marineau Lea , Prinsloo Megan , Molefe Itumeleng J , Hodkinson Peter
Published: March 2023

N/A
Dilemas del antirracismo: entre el reconocimiento cultural y la redistribución económica
Authors: Creus Amalia
Published: March 2023

El racismo no es una cuestión ajena y lejana a nuestra realidad. Barcelona, a pesar de ser reconocida como espacio de confluencia de identidades diversas, tiene también una historia y un presente que condicionan la forma en la que percibimos y tratamos a las personas según el color de la piel o el origen étnico o nacional.
Accuracy and reproducibility of dental caries risk classification in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Kobayashi Henri Menezes , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro , Ambrosano Glaucia Maria Bovi
Published: March 2023

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of the dental caries risk classification applied in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in an attempt to organize the demand for primary care in oral health. Materials andMethods: Eleven dentists independently examined 120 individuals (75 from 12 to 19 years of age and 45 from 35 to 44 years of age) by visual inspection, and classified them into six codes ranging from A to F, in whichcode A indicated the healthiest individual (low-risk) and F indicated the sickest individual (high-risk). The agreement between the intraexaminer and the gold standard examiner was evaluated by Kappa. The percentageof agreement, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value regarding the gold standard examiner was also calculated. Results: It could be observed that 60.0% of the individuals examinedwere considered sick, while 40.0% were considered healthy. Values for intra and inter-examiner agreement were k=0.66 and k=0.72, respectively. The percentage of agreement, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictivevalue, and negative predictive values were 83.8%, 82.5%, 85.8%, 90.2%, and 76.9%, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that the dental caries risk classification, with its various levels of standardization, presentedgood accuracy and reasonable reproducibility, as well as a low cost and a relatively low demand for resources. As such, this risk classification is recommended for large-scale use.Uniterms: Dental caries. Epidemiology. Oral health. Primary health care.
Representação social de adultos sobre o tabagismo e suas implicações para a saúde: estudo realizado em comunidade rural - MG
Authors: Souza Telma de Almeida , Mattos Flávio de Freitas
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Apreender a representação social de adultos de uma comunidade rural sobre o tabagismo e suas implicações para a saúde e, por conseguinte, fornecer subsídios para planejamento das ações dos serviços de saúde. Materiais e Métodos: Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 15 adultos (fumantes, exfumantes e não-fumantes), entre 30 a 59 anos, moradores de uma região rural em Santa Bárbara-MG e usuáriosdo serviço de saúde municipal, para uma análise utilizando a abordagem qualitativa dos dados. Resultados: Foi possível classificar e separar os discursos em três grandes temas: Iniciação do Tabagismo; Influência naQualidade de Vida e Cessação do Hábito. Os entrevistados consideraram importante que os profissionais de saúde tenham maior ação no apoio à cessação do tabagismo. Há concordância de que é necessário não apenasmanter as propagandas antitabaco nos maços e ampliar o número de áreas restritivas ao cigarro, bem como a intensificação destas medidas. Conclusão: Deve-se aumentar as ações direcionadas aos jovens e à família,pois ambos interferem fundamentalmente na iniciação ao fumo. A criação de grupos de convivência pode auxiliar na cessação do hábito de fumar. Diminuir as formas de pressão social aos grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade social pode ajudar na diminuição do número de fumantes.Descritores: Tabagismo. Pesquisa qualitativa. Saúde pública.
Size and density of lunar core estimated using simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Wen Qi-Lin , Zhong Zhen ,   School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
Published: March 2023

This study focuses on the size of composition of lunar core. In this study, we consider the lunar mean density and mean moment of inertia factor in our inversion. We use the degree-2 coefficients of lunar gravity field model GL990D and the lunar physical liberation parameters to compute mean moment of inertia factor, which is treated as an observed value. We also compute the observed value of the mean density according to the total mass of the Moon. Based on the interior structure with various layers, we deduce the modeled expressions for the lunar mean density and mean moment of inertia factor. Summing the squares of the difference between the observed value and modeled value as an inversion criterion, we estimate the multi-parameters based on the simulated annealing algorithm. By considering the lunar interior structure with three layers, the estimated size of the lunar core is around 470 km, and the density of the core is close to 5486 kg·m–3. The computed size and density of the lunar core are close to other reported values, thereby validating our algorithm. We then consider the scenarios that the lunar core differentiates between a solid inner core and a liquid outer core. The good-inversed outer core is close to 385 km, while the inner core approaches to 350 km. By using the good-inversed sizes as fixed parameters, it is found that the inner core reaches 7879 kg⋅m–³, quite denser than the outer core, which is estimated at 4618 kg⋅m–³. Our result indicates that the outer core is composed of ferrous sulfide (FeS), while the inner core is comprised of ferrous or ferro-nickel, formed 3.56 billion years ago when the lunar core dynamo ended.
Data and Democracy at Work
Authors: Rogers Brishen
Published: March 2023

An exploration of how major companies have used advanced information technologies to limit worker power, and how labor law reform could reverse that trend.

As our economy has shifted away from industrial production and service industries have become dominant, many of the nation's largest employers are now in fields like retail, food service, logistics, and hospitality. These companies have turned to data-driven surveillance technologies that operate over a vast distance, enabling cheaper oversight of massive numbers of workers. Data and Democracy at Work argues that companies often use new data-driven technologies as a power resource—or even a tool of class domination—and that our labor laws allow them to do so.

Employers have established broad rights to use technology to gather data on workers and their performance, to exclude others from accessing that data, and to use that data to refine their managerial strategies. Through these means, companies have suppressed workers' ability to organize and unionize, thereby driving down wages and eroding working conditions.

Labor law today encourages employer dominance in many ways—but labor law can also be reformed to become a tool for increased equity. The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent Great Resignation have indicated an increased political mobilization of the so-called essential workers of the pandemic, many of them service industry workers. This book describes the necessary legal reforms to increase workers' associational power and democratize workplace data, establishing more balanced relationships between workers and employers and ensuring a brighter and more equitable future for us all.
Cooperating for the Climate
Authors: Lewis Joanna I.
Published: March 2023

The intricacies, politics, and prospects of international cooperation, particularly with China, to address climate change.

No country in the world releases more greenhouse gases than China. And no country has a greater capacity—and ambition—to mitigate climate change. This deeply informed, urgently needed book examines the global cooperation that such a monumental effort demands and inspires, necessarily focusing on China's outsize role in the development and dissemination of clean energy technologies. Drawing on decades of work in clean energy and climate technology and policy, Joanna Lewis provides a clear and thorough account of the motivations, science, and politics behind international clean energy technology collaboration—and an in-depth look at why different clean energy partnerships result in different political and technological outcomes.

The first comprehensive analysis of international clean energy partnerships with China, Cooperating for the Climate is based on hundreds of interviews with government officials, researchers, and private companies involved in these collaborative initiatives around the world. Its insights into energy innovation and international relations, as well as global environmental politics, will help international stakeholders navigate the complex political bureaucracy governing clean energy development in China and perhaps chart a productive pathway for moving the world toward a low-carbon future.
Recovering the Later Georg Lukács
Authors: Smetona Matthew J.
Published: March 2023

New resources for the critique of capitalism in culture from the late writings of Georg Lukács, one of the first authors in the tradition of Western Marxism.

The Hungarian literary critic, philosopher, and Marxist social theorist Georg Lukács is best known for his 1923 History and Class Consciousness, in which he offered an influential critique of reification from the standpoint of a dialectical conception of totality. While Lukács's early works have been central to the study of Marxist thought, his later works have often been dismissed as political accommodations to Stalinism. In this new study, Matthew Smetona argues for a revisionist interpretation of Lukács's later writings on topics as diverse as aesthetics, politics, and ontology.

Smetona demonstrates that these writings reveal a methodological unity that follows directly from History and Class Consciousness, in which realism, in both literary and extraliterary senses, becomes the basis for the critique of reification. As Lukács had demonstrated, reification is that process by which the social relations between persons seem to take on the character of a thing. Rooted in Marx's concept of commodity fetishism, the critique of reification proved, in Lukács's hands, to be a flexible tool capable of clarifying all manner of obfuscations that arise within the social relations that capitalism produces. To recover the later work of Lukács is to open up new horizons for Marxist cultural criticism.
The Space between Look and Read
Authors: Hagan Susan M.
Published: March 2023

Unleashing the potential that can be found in the space between words and images.

Designers have long understood that image, text, and typeface can work together to produce new meanings, creating semiotic registers impossible to achieve with image or text alone. In The Space Between Look and Read, a study of complementary meaning in design, Susan Hagan presents a framework, called Inter-play, which explains how these new meanings emerge. Inter-play is not simply an analytical tool; it is also a method for using complementary meaning to encourage critical thinking in design audiences.

Drawing from cognitive psychology, art theory, discourse analysis, design, and rhetoric, Hagan breaks down the synthesis of looking and reading into a complex series of registers, which are revealed through examples of excellent design. Thus, the book is both a theoretical exploration of how designers communicate and a casebook in communication well achieved.

From the physiology of vision to the limits of language, from Allan Paivio to Uwe Loesch, The Space Between Look and Read expands our understanding of complementary design and argues that by engaging audiences through multiple cognitive registers, complementary design serves as a cognitive tool, helping audiences reach new conclusions about complex problems.
Off-Earth
Authors: Nesvold Erika
Published: March 2023

Can we do better in space than we've done here on Earth?

We've pinpointed the destination, refined the technology, designed the habitat, outfitted our space residents. Are we forgetting something? A timely reminder that it's not just rocket science, this thought-provoking book explores the all-too-human issues raised by the prospect of settling in outer space. It's worth remembering, Erika Nesvold suggests, that in making new worlds, we don't necessarily leave our earthly problems behind. Accordingly, her work highlights the complex ethical challenges that accompany any other-worldly venture—questions about the environment, labor rights, and medical ethics, among others.

Any such venture, Nesvold contends, must be made on behalf of all humanity, with global input and collaboration. Off-Earth thus includes historical and contemporary examples from outside the dominant Western/US, abled, and privileged narrative of the space industry. Nesvold calls on experts in ethics, sociology, history, social justice, and law to launch a hopeful conversation about the potential ethical pitfalls of becoming a multi-planet species—and, ideally, to shed light on similar problems we presently face here on Earth.

Space settlement is rapidly becoming ever more likely. Will it look like the utopian vision of Star Trek? Or the dark future of Star Wars? Nesvold challenges us to decide.
Constructing Student Mobility
Authors: Kim Stephanie K.
Published: March 2023

How universities in the US and South Korea compete for global student markets—and how university financials shape students' lives.

The popular image of the international student in the American imagination is one of affluence, access, and privilege, but is that image accurate? In this provocative book, higher education scholar Stephanie Kim challenges this view, arguing that universities -- not the students -- create the paths that allow students their international mobility. Focusing on universities in the United States and South Korea that aggressively grew their student pools in the aftermath of the Great Recession, Kim shows the lengths to which universities will go to expand enrollments as they draw from the same pool of top South Korean students.

Kim closely follows several students attending a university in Berkeley and a university in Seoul. They have chosen different paths to study abroad or learn at home, but all are seeking a transformative educational experience. To show how student mobility depends on institutional structures, Kim demonstrates how the universities themselves compel students' choices to pursue higher learning at one institution or another. She also profiles the people who help ensure the global student supply chain runs smoothly, from education agents in South Korea to community college recruiters in California. Using ethnographic research gathered over a ten-year period in which international admissions were impacted by the Great Recession, changes in US presidential administrations, and the COVID-19 pandemic, Constructing Student Mobility provides crucial insights into the purpose, effects, and future of student recruitment across the Pacific.
¡Alerta!
Authors: Reddy Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

A lively account of a controversial technology developed to mitigate earthquake risk and change how we live with threatening environments.

The Sistema de Alerta Sísmica Mexicano is the world's oldest public earthquake early warning system. Given the unpredictability of earthquakes, the technology was designed to give the people of Mexico City more than a minute to prepare before the next big quake hits. How does this kind of environmental monitoring technology get built in the first place? How does its life-saving promise align with reality? And who shapes modern risk mitigation? In ¡Alerta!, Elizabeth Reddy surveys this innovation to shed light on what it means to imagine a world where sirens could sound out an ¡alerta sísmica! at any moment—and what it would be like to live in such a world.

Proponents of earthquake early warnings havelong held that the technology can save lives and limit economic losses. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and archival data, Reddy conducts a thorough, qualitative analysis of these claims and considers the requirements and uses of the alert system. She embeds her study in a rich narrative of the engineers who designed the system in conjunction with contingent political and environmental conditions. The result demonstrates how addressing earthquake dangers is no small task: it means trying to change relationships between the environment, society, and technology. Doing so, she critiques universalist and techno-centric approaches to hazard risk mitigation and celebrates the potential of contextually appropriate and broadly supported efforts.

¡Alerta! takes readers on a vivid journey into the world of Mexican earthquake risk mitigation, with critical insights for anthropologists and science and technology studies scholars, as well as specialists in the geosciences, engineering, and emergency management.
Media Ruins
Authors: Jack Margaret
Published: March 2023

How a generation of tech-savvy young Cambodians is restoring historical media artifacts from before the war—and, in the process, helping to repair the Khmer Rouge's cultural destruction.

During the Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979), an estimated quarter to a third of the Cambodian population perished from execution, starvation, or disease. The regime especially targeted artists and intellectuals and their work, including films, photographs, and audio recordings. In Media Ruins, Margaret Jackcharts the critical role of media in the historical political landscape of Cambodia as well as in its post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation. Along the way, Jack tells the remarkable stories of resourceful Cambodians in the decades that followed the end of the regime—those who worked to reconstruct their country's media infrastructure and restore their damaged cultural heritage.

Jack describes the crucial role that media has played in helping the nation grapple with the traumas of its past and imagine brighter futures. She explores how tech-savvy Cambodian media creators have engaged in practices of infrastructural restitution—work that is both emotionally cathartic and politically vital. She also examines the ways these media creators have used digital tools to restore and disseminate lost media artifacts, while embracing an aesthetic of material decay as a visible reminder of loss. As these creators reconcile with the past, they are also finding ways to navigate the country's increasingly authoritarian media landscape. Bringing media and technology studies into conversation with trauma and memory studies, the book provides a unique, and necessary, perspective on post-conflict reconstruction.
Living with Algorithms
Authors: Siles Ignacio
Published: March 2023

A nuanced account from a user perspective of what it's like to live in a datafied world.

We live in a media-saturated society that increasingly transforms our experiences, relations, and identities into data others can analyze and monetize. Algorithms are key to this process, surveilling our most mundane practices, and to many, their control over our lives seems absolute. In Living with Algorithms, Ignacio Siles critically challenges this view by surveying user dynamics in the global south across three algorithmic platforms—Netflix, Spotify, and TikTok—and finds, surprisingly, a more balanced relationship.

Drawing on a wealth of empirical evidence that privileges the user over the corporate, Siles examines the personal relationships that have formed between users and algorithms as Latin Americans have integrated these systems into the structures of everyday life, enacted them ritually, participated in public with and through them, and thwarted them. Sometimes users follow algorithms, Siles finds, and sometimes users resist them. At times, users do both. Agency lies in the navigation of the spaces in-between.

By analyzing what we do with algorithms rather than what algorithms do to us, Living with Algorithms clarifies the debate over the future of datafication and whether we have a say in its development. Concentrating on an understudied region of the global south, the book provides a new perspective on the commonalities and differences among users within a global ecology of technologies.
Molecular and spatial profiling of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus
Authors: Gao Claire , Gohel Chiraag A , Leng Yan , Ma Jun , Goldman David , Levine Ariel J , Penzo Mario A
Published: March 2023

The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) is known to regulate various cognitive and behavioral processes. However, while functional diversity among PVT circuits has often been linked to cellular differences, the molecular identity and spatial distribution of PVT cell types remain unclear. To address this gap, here we used single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and identified five molecularly distinct PVT neuronal subtypes in the mouse brain. Additionally, multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization of top marker genes revealed that PVT subtypes are organized by a combination of previously unidentified molecular gradients. Lastly, comparing our dataset with a recently published single-cell sequencing atlas of the thalamus yielded novel insight into the PVT’s connectivity with the cortex, including unexpected innervation of auditory and visual areas. This comparison also revealed that our data contains a largely non-overlapping transcriptomic map of multiple midline thalamic nuclei. Collectively, our findings uncover previously unknown features of the molecular diversity and anatomical organization of the PVT and provide a valuable resource for future investigations.
Precision RNAi using synthetic shRNAmir target sites
Authors: Hoffmann Thomas , Hörmann Alexandra , Corcokovic Maja , Zmajkovic Jakub , Hinterndorfer Matthias , Salkanovic Jasko , Spreitzer Fiona , Köferle Anna , Gitschtaler Katrin , Popa Alexandra , Oberndorfer Sarah , Andersch Florian , Schaefer Markus , Fellner Michaela , Budano Nicole , Ruppert Jan G , Chetta Paolo , Wurm Melanie , Zuber Johannes , Neumüller Ralph A
Published: March 2023

Loss-of-function genetic tools are widely applied for validating therapeutic targets, but their utility remains limited by incomplete on- and uncontrolled off-target effects. We describe artificial RNA interference (ARTi) based on synthetic, ultra-potent, off-target-free shRNAs that enable efficient and inducible suppression of any gene upon introduction of a synthetic target sequence into non-coding transcript regions. ARTi establishes a scalable loss-of-function tool with full control over on- and off-target effects.
Game of Twisted Shouting
Authors: Grabarczyk Paweł , Kampmann Walther Bo
Published: March 2023

This article takes a deeper look at the notion of ludo-narrative dissonance (henceforth LND), a popular term that refers to the perceived clash between the ludic and the narrative aspects of games. We wish to argue that a better understanding of the nature of LND and the reasons it appears in games enables us to look at this phenomenon from a new perspective that was not, as of yet, considered in game studies literature or the popular discourse. The typical approach to LND presents it as a problem or a design flaw that needs to be avoided by the developers. In contrast to this, we suggest that LND can be seen as a source of inspiration for the creators as it inherently invites the developers and the players to reflect on the game structure. We start with a closer look at the notion of LND and present three ways it can be interpreted. In section two we analyze the reasons LND can appear in games (regardless of the developers’ intentions). Section three goes through some of the existing methods of dealing with LND. Here we argue that embracing LND as a result of some of the necessary tensions of game design can result in the creative victory of the developers. We finish the paper, in the fourth section, with a longer case study of Manhunt which we see as a good exemplification of the reinvigorating power of LND.