bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representation of Human Rights Violations by the Security Agents in Agyei-Agyiri’s Unexpected Joy at Dawn, Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus and Ellison’s Invisible Man
Authors: Eze Chidiebere Chukwuemeka
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Human rights violation is a universal phenomenon, a constant presence in the news and in daily lives. Such violations are occasioned by the powerful lording it over the powerless, infringing upon the victims’ unalienable rights. Human rights violations by the security agents seem to be pervasive in the recent time, resulting in the ubiquity of protests against the security agents for their wanton violations of human rights. Just recently, there were protest against police security bill in Paris, the protest against the killing of Eyad al-Hallaq by Israeli police, the protest against the jailing of Kremlin Foe of Russia, the protest against the murder of George Floyd of America and the recent EndSARS protest in Nigeria.  The purpose of this study was to explore the civil and political rights in the selected novels and how such rights have been violated by the security agents.

Methodology: The research adopted literary analysis, deploying the Marxist critical discourse which concerns itself with the struggles between classes. The reason for this choice is that literature as a major part of the superstructure is determined by the forces that make up a society’s base.

Findings: Drawing from the selected texts and from the different reviews of literature, the research finds out, among other things, that the security agents are among the most active violators of human rights. The study also found that human rights violations are everywhere, and not an exclusive reserve of any nation, civilized or uncivilized.

Recommendations: Giving the importance of security agents in safeguarding lives and property of citizens, the governments should include courses on human rights issues in the curriculum/training of the security agents. Different governments of the world should strengthen the aspects of fundamental human rights entrenched in their constitutions and give that hallowed section its pride of place to avoid chaos, anarchy, violent protests or even war that could result from violating the citizens’ rights. Governments should set up independent and impartial judicial bodies to adjudicate on the cases of human rights violations by the security agents. The citizens need to be sufficiently sensitized on the operative mechanisms of the security agents to make them know when they are crossing their boundaries or initiating actions capable of compelling the security agents to violate their rights. Literature should be made a compulsory subject in schools and colleges.
COMPETÊNCIAS INTERPROFISSIONAIS NUCLEARES NO CUIDADO EM SAÚDE: UM ESTUDO TEÓRICO
Authors: Da Luz Colaço Joyce Aparecida , Dotto Dias Larissa Luiza , Ribeiro Pinheiro Patrícia Cristiane , Da Silva de Souza Rodrigues Skarlat Manuely , Meleti dos Santos Wesley , Mourão Xavier Gomes Andrade Ludmila , De Andrade Barbosa Thiago Luis , Mombelli Monica Augusta
Published: January 2023

As mudanças de perfil epidemiológico, consequentes do aumento da expectativa de vida e das condições crônicas de saúde, trazem a necessidade da integralidade do cuidado, capaz de contemplar as necessidades biopsicossociais de indivíduos, grupos e populações. Logo, no intuito de melhorar a colaboração e qualidade da atenção em saúde de modo interativo, tem-se a Educação Interprofissional, entendida como um processo de preparação de pessoas para a prática colaborativa, que abarca seis domínios de competências a serem desenvolvidos nos profissionais para promover os conhecimentos, habilidades, atitudes e valores essenciais. Esse estudo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar a educação interprofissional e seus respectivos domínios na perspectiva do documento intitulado Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative, refletir sobre a formação acadêmica e as práticas em saúde no País. Trata-se de um estudo teórico que discute individualmente as competências interprofissionais e o seu desenvolvimento para uma melhor qualidade no atendimento prestado nos serviços de saúde. Conclui-se que a formação e a educação na saúde deve possibilizar uma reflexão crítica sobre as transformações e a atuação de profissionais no contexto da saúde fomentando a consolidação do cuidado centrado no usuário em uma perspectiva biopsicossocial.
Physical Properties and Evaluation of Some Geothermal Waters in Bitlis, Van and Bingöl provinces
Authors: BİÇER Ayşe
Published: January 2023

This study focused on the geothermal hot springs in the Bitlis, Van, and Bingöl provinces in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. These geothermal hot springs are Çukur, Nemrut, Ilıcakoy (Bitlis), Erciş, Çaldıran, Gürpınar (Van), Kös, Karlıova, and Hasköy (Bingöl) which are mostly dependent on regional tectonic regime. These hot waters contains sodium, calcium, bicarbonate, and chloride and their temperature ranges from 33 °C to 80°C, which are not suitable for electricity generation. Nevertheless these hot waters are sources of healing water used balneological purposes in Turkish baths and mainly for residences heating.
Features of the attitude to professional activity of specialists of professional development centers for teachers with psychological well-being’ different levels
Authors: Olena Bondarchuk , Hordiienko Nataliya
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the peculiarities of the attitude to the professional activity of specialists of centers for the professional development of teachers with different levels of psychological well-being. According to the results of empirical research, it was found that about half of the studied specialists of centers of professional development of pedagogical workers have an insufficiently positive attitude towards professional activity.

The data of the cluster analysis are presented, according to which the distribution of the researched specialists of the centers of professional development of pedagogical workers according to the modality of attitude towards professional activity as a whole was revealed.

The data on the differences in the manifestations of attitudes towards professional activity depending on the gender and age of specialists are given, it is shown that with age the positive attitude towards work increases among women, while it worsens among male specialists. it is shown that the positive attitude towards work improves among older women, while it worsens among male specialists

The results of the dispersion analysis of the characteristics of the attitude of specialists of centers of professional development of pedagogical workers towards professional activities, which are characterized by different levels of psychological well-being, are highlighted. It is shown that the higher the level of psychological well-being, the better the attitude of specialists of centers of professional development of pedagogical workers towards professional activity.

Attention is focused on the expediency of supporting the psychological well-being of educators as an important factor in their professional activity.
Psychological features of parents' attitude towards school-age children and its influence on the formation diseases of the digestive system
Authors: Rudenko Serhiy , Kyrychuk Valeriy , Pinchuk Nataliia
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the peculiarities of the attitude of the family on the formation of health and tendencies to formation diseases of the digestive system in school age children. The study was conducted on a cohort of 1100 children of school age of younger, middle and senior schools’ classes of Kyiv and Lutsk cities. Features of the impact of the family on the formation of the health of the child were studied by determining the formation of groups of dominant psychotypes, in particular: acceptance – alienation of the child in the family, establishing the nature of the social desire of the child in the family, realization of the state of increased care of the family relative to the child, authoritarian style of communication of the family with the child and degrading the individual characteristics of the child's personality. As a result of the study, a special importance of the effect of hyperopic on the formation of digestive system diseases is established. Attention is emphasized that in order to prevent the negative impact of the family on the formation of the health of the child, the joint efforts of doctors, psychologists and educators are needed through the creation of joint projects for the prevention and rehabilitation for each child. The current version of the design and modular system "Universal- on-line" is presented. The system provides an effective cooperation between teachers, psychologists and doctors in an interactive mode. After diagnostics to determine the nature of the impact of the family on the child, the corresponding specialists will receive an algorithm of action in accordance with their profile. It is emphasized that the consequence of realizing the complex negative influence of the family in the event of late detection can be violations of the child's health and the formation of diseases in the digestive system.
"ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПЬЕЗОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ СКАНИРОВАНИИ СВАРНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ "
Authors: Б. Е. Жангазин
Published: January 2023

"Разработана схема сканирования металла совмещенным методом, что повышает степень достоверности контроля путем исследования объекта с помощью разных фокусировок. Особенность хордовой схемы прозвучивания это проверка с низкой контролледоступностью связанное с узкими проходами межтрубных пространств. Конфигурация и форма искателя позволяет проникать и контролировать участки где наклонному искателю требуется более широкая расстояние для прохода. Использование двух пьезоэлектрических преобразователей увеличивает процент нахождения дефектов с помощью использования разной фокусировки и направленности луча. Это в свою очередь позволяет сканировать объект под разными углами. Исключение дефектов маленькой площади путем проверки объемноориентированных дефектов хордовым искателем, а плоскостноориентированных дефектов наклонным искателем. Это схема контроля предотвращает перебраковку хордовым искателем плоскостных дефектов и наклонным искателем объемных, при это позволяя уменьшить процент ложных сигналов или сигналов малой амплитуды которые фиксируються как допустимый дефект. Этот метод дает более полную картину сварного соединения, что в свою очередь влияет на качества контроля, а также качества монтажа и сварки. Применение двух видов искателей ускоряет процесс контроля металла на трубопроводах под давлениям различных типоразмеров и конфигурации, так как предотвращает перебраковку путем отсеиваний лишних сигналов. Ключевые слова: пьезоэлектрические преобразователи, контроль, сварные соединения, сканирование, ультразвук."
"IMPROVING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PISTON RING BASED ON SOLID LUBRICANT"
Authors: *M. K. Kuanyshev  , A. K. Kaukarov  , G. Zh. Takhanova
Published: January 2023

"In the article, in relation to the similar conditions of use of internal combustion engines with a crank mechanism and the main indicators of a piston seal having the same design parameters (in particular, cylinder diameter, piston stroke), a comparative assessment of the indicators characterizing their duty cycle and indicator parameters of each of the engines is made (in particular, by the magnitude of the indicator tangential and circumferential force, torque and indicator power). The authors carried out work on the use of sealing in the form of rings with a contact surface based on a solid antifriction material – graphite. It is concluded that, in relation to similar conditions of use, the indicator torques formed during the working cycle of these machines are not equal in magnitude. The indicator torque of the crank mechanism of the engine exceeds the corresponding torque of the internal combustion engine. This conclusion also applies to the ratio of the indicator capacities of the considered thermal machines. Keywords: Internal combustion engine, crank mechanism, working fluid, piston, piston ring, grease."
"ЗЕРНИСТЫЕ ФИЛЬТРЫ ИЗ ЗОЛ ЭКИБАСТУЗСКИХ УГЛЕЙ ДЛЯ РАФИНИРОВАНИЯ ПЕРВИЧНОГО АЛЮМИНИЯ "
Authors: А. Б. Куандыков  , А. Г. Бакиров  , А. К. Жунусов  , П. О. Быков
Published: January 2023

"В последние годы наметилась тенденция вовлечения в электролизное производство алюминия менее качественных источников сырья для производства анодов, что приводит к загрязнению металла примесями тяжелых цветных металлов (в частности ванадия). Исследования посвящены удалению образующихся при обработке алюминия-сырца флюсом на основе борной кислоты (H3BO3) интерметаллидов из расплава за счет фильтрационного рафинирования. При разработке способов фильтрационного рафинирования основными вопросами являются выбор метода рафинирования и материалов для изготовления фильтра. Для удаления мелких включений, учитывая большой объем металла при электролизном производстве алюминия (до 8 тонн в каждом вакуум-ковше) наиболее эффективно с экономической точки зрения использовать насыпные зернистые фильтры. В качестве материала для изготовления зерен фильтра использовалась зола Экибастузского угля, состоящая в основном SiO2 и Al2O3. Полученные образцы алюминия анализировались на растровом электронном микроскопе фирмы JEOL с системой микроанализа INCA Energy. Экспериментальные исследования показали возможность использования золы Экибастузских углей для изготовления гранул насыпных фильтров для рафинирования алюминия-сырца. Детальные исследования на растровом электронном микроскопе фирмы JEOL с системой микроанализа INCA Energy показали возможность удаления примесей цветных металлов и в первую очередь ванадия. Ключевые слова: алюминий, рафинирование, примеси, фильтр, зола."
ВЕРОЯТНОСТНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ТЕХНИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ СИМУЛЬТАННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: *А. А. Барзов
Published: January 2023

"Предложена модель предиктивной оценки экономической эффективности технологических систем, в структуре которых используются дополнительные физические элементы, направленные на повышение их функционального качества. Сформулирована целевая функция, позволяющая проводить процедуру структурной оптимизации симультанных технологических систем по критерию минимума их стоимости. Приведен пример реализации предложенной вероятностной модели оценки и оптимизации структурно-сложных физико-технологических систем. Намечены перспективы развития предлагаемого подхода. Феноменологическая общность и ситуационная гибкость предлагаемого подхода позволяет результативно его использовать при построении более адекватных моделей при технико-экономическом анализе других, не связанных с симультанными технологическими системами, процессов и структур. Поэтому данное обстоятельство имеет определенное прикладное значение для принятия экономически обоснованных решений производственного характера, а также в самых различных областях знаний, в том числе не физико-технологического характера. Реализация предлагаемого структурно-вероятностного подхода к предиктивной оценке технико-экономической значимости различных дополнительных инноваций, в частности в виде симультанных технологических систем позволила формализовать соответствующую функцию и на конкретном примере дать иллюстрацию алгоритма поиска оптимальных соотношений между элементами рассматриваемой структуры по критерию: цена-качество ее элементов. Ключевые слова: вероятностная модель, эффективность, симультанизм, технологические системы, воздействие, структурно-вероятностный подход."
"ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ УСЛОВИЙ ДВИЖЕНИЯ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА НА СОСТОЯНИЕ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ"
Authors: А. Туленов  , Ж. А. Шингисбаева  , Г. Ж. Бекболатов  , А. С. Джунусбеков
Published: January 2023

"Количество выбросов токсичных веществ от автомобилей непосредственно связаны с градостроительно-планировочными условиями формирования системы организаций дорожного движения. В научной статье приведены результаты исследования, как реальные условия движения автомобилей влияют на количество токсичных выбросов от автомобильного транспорта на окружающую среду. Приведено сравнение основных методов оценки количества вредных веществ в отработавших газах автотранспортных средств. Исследовательской группой проведено исследование цикла движения в реальных условиях движения на улицах города для оценки количества вредных веществ, выбрасываемых автомобильным транспортом. За основу ездового цикла взята работа двигателя на «холостом ходу» в ожидании «зеленого сигнала» перед перекрестком, трогание с места после разрешающего сигнала и разгон до определенной скорости, движение с установившейся скоростью после достижения определенной скорости и торможение до полной остановки. Определены среднечасовые выбросы токсичных веществ для разных типов автомобилей на разных типах автомобильных дорог с учетом соотношения времени работы автомобилей при различных режимах движения. Результаты исследования показывают, что увеличение расстояния между перекрестками, переход от дорог с регулируемыми перекрестами к дорогам с перекрестками разного уровня приводит к снижению выбросов токсичных веществ, а переход от свободного потока к частично-связанному или плотно-связанному приводит к увеличению выбросов токсичных веществ. Ключевые слова: автомобильный транспорт, выбросы токсичных веществ, ездовой цикл, холостой ход, разгон, установившееся движение, торможение"
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО ТВЕРДОФАЗНОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ХРОМОВОЙ РУДЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДЛЯ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ КОКСА КНР
Authors: Е. Көбеген  , Д. А Есенгалиев  , Б. С. Келаманов
Published: January 2023

"Восстановление элементов из оксидов относится к числу наиболее распространенных и сложных видов металлургических процессов. От глубины понимания этих процессов во многом зависят интенсификация и создание новых эффективных технологий переработки рудного сырья. Знакомство и анализ значительного количества работ по термодинамике, кинетике и механизму восстановления элементов из хромсодержащих материалов показали, что у исследователей существуют разные взгляды по этим вопросам. Наиболее вероятный механизм восстановления хрома и железа из хромитовых руд твердым углеродистым восстановителем описывается газофазно-твердофазной схемой с участием неустойчивых газообразных частиц. Статья посвящена изучению процессов твердофазного восстановления хромовой руды с использованием для восстановления кокса Китайской народной республики (КНР). В работе приводится описание методики проведения лабораторных исследований, расчет шихтовых материалов и результаты исследований. Представлены результаты твердофазного восстановления хрома из хроморудного концентрата (Cr2O3 – 52,8 %) при температурах 1450 °С, 1500 °С и 1600 °С. Представлены данные по влиянию времени выдержки на степень восстановления хрома. Материалы статьи могут использоваться инженерами-металлургами и научными работниками занимающимися процессами улучшения технологии производства феррохрома. Ключевые слова: хромовая руда, восстановление, хромовый концентрат, степень восстановления, феррохром."
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ МАССЫ ТЯГОВО-ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ МАШИНЫ НА ЕГО ТЯГОВО-СЦЕПНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА
Authors: К. К. Абишев  , А. Ж. Касенов  , Р. Б. Муканов  , Н. С. Сембаев  , А. Д. Сулейменов
Published: January 2023

"Данная работа посвящена исследованию влияния конструктивных параметров машины на его эксплуатационные свойства. В данной статье рассматривается влияние массы тягово-транспортной машины на его эксплуатационные качества. Разработана математическая модель взаимодействия резиновой гусеницы с опорным основанием. С целью снижения материальных, временных и ресурсных затрат на проведение экспериментальных исследований и получения данных для математического моделирования взаимодействия гусеничного движителя с грунтом исследования проведены методами физического моделирования. Использован метод разгона-наката модели ходовой системы на горизонтальной поверхности. Предложенный метод дает точность замеров и возможность сравнения разных вариантов моделей в одних параметрах массы и базы. Сущность метода заключается в сообщении модели точно определенного количества энергии, которая обеспечивает разгон модели до определенной скорости. Затем эта скорость гасится за счет потерь в движителе при накате. Эксперименты проводились с использованием универсальной несамоходной модели ходовой части гусеничной машины с упругой балансирной подвеской на песке, влажном суглинке и ровной бетонной площадке. В результате проведенных экспериментальных исследований установлено, что каждому виду почвы соответствует свое значение оптимальной массы тягово-транспортной машины. Ключевые слова: тягово-транспортные машины, ходовая система, физическое моделирование, модель шасси машины, тягово-сцепные качества."
Review Paper Seismic Analysis of High - Rise Building by Response Spectrum Method
Authors: Mr. Kiran Chikane  , Mr. Manoj Kale  , Ms. Suchita Katkar  , Ms. Sameena Mulani  , Dr. P. R. Bamane
Published: January 2023

Reinforced Concrete Frames are the most commonly adopted buildings construction practices in India. With growing economy, urbanization and unavailability of horizontal space increasing cost of land and need for agricultural land, high-rise sprawling structures have become highly preferable in Indian buildings scenario, especially in urban. With high-rise structures, not only the building has to take up gravity loads, but as well as lateral forces. Many important Indian cities fall under high risk seismic zones, hence strengthening of buildings for lateral forces is a prerequisite. In this study the aim is to analyze the response of a high-rise structure to ground motion using Response Spectrum Analysis. Different models, that is, bare frame, brace frame and shear wall frame are considered in Staad-Pro. and change in the time period, stiffness, base shear, storey drifts and top-storey deflection of the building is observed and compared.
“Cada mamada é uma vacina”: amamentação e anticorpos no contexto da covid-19
Authors: Nucci Marina Fisher , Alzuguir Fernanda Vecchi
Published: January 2023

A amamentação e o leite humano são permeados por diversos sentidos. Entre eles, a referência ao leite materno como amor líquido, ou a noção de que ele seria dotado de qualidades medicinais (sobretudo imunológicas), funcionando como uma espécie de vacina. Há também a noção do leite como contaminante, por ser uma substância corporal passível de transmitir alguns vírus, como o HIV. Tais noções adquirem novos contornos com a pandemia de Covid-19, como observamos nos debates sobre a possibilidade ou não de transmissão do vírus e/ou anticorpos da doença pelo leite. Assim, analisamos diferentes materiais, como reportagens em jornais e postagens em redes sociais, investigando como tais noções em torno do leite humano – veículo do amor, imunizante, ou contaminante – são mobilizadas. Por fim, refletimos sobre a produção de biossocialidades a partir do movimento Lactantes pela vacina, que reivindicou prioridade de vacinação para lactantes utilizando o slogan “uma vacina protege dois”.
A “justiça” e o acesso a medicamentos em tempos de desabastecimento
Authors: Freire Lucas de Magalhães
Published: January 2023

O artigo trata de histórias de usuários de uma instituição chamada Câmara de Resolução de Litígios de Saúde (CRLS) que acompanhei entre os anos de 2016 e 2017. Por meio da contextualização dos relatos em relação ao que estava acontecendo na rede pública de saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro durante o período em que realizei uma etnografia, abordo os caminhos percorridos pelas pessoas para contornar a falta de medicamentos nas Unidades de Saúde, em especial de pacientes acometidos por doenças crônicas que necessitam de remédios de uso contínuo. Discuto também como os funcionários da Câmara tentam resolver administrativamente essas demandas e as soluções propostas por eles. Em diálogo com a bibliografia sobre o controverso tema da judicialização da saúde, busco refletir sobre o lugar ocupado pela ‘justiça’ na busca pela assistência farmacêutica em tempos de desabastecimento e seus limites para a promoção do acesso a medicamentos.
“A cura começa no momento em que estou regando minhas sementes”: os medicamentos artesanais à base de maconha produzidos por pacientes da Fundação Daya - Chile
Authors: Barbosa Luciana
Published: January 2023

Neste artigo demonstro como os usos medicinais de cannabis têm sido viabilizados no Chile a partir da experiência da Fundação Daya, por meio do associativismo terapêutico. A pesquisa foi realizada com base na observação participante junto à associação durante seis meses, em entrevistas com membros da equipe e em pesquisa documental. Compreendo, a partir da pesquisa realizada, que as ações coletivas organizadas por ativistas, somadas à produção de evidências, e a organização desses grupos em associações canábicas têm incentivado o debate público acerca do tema e, consequentemente, a produção de conhecimento credenciado e não credenciado. Nesse processo, foram desenvolvidas controvérsias científicas e disputas epistemológicas por meio das quais novos saberes e práticas relacionadas à saúde são experienciados e difundidos. A partir da análise realizada, elucido o processo por meio do qual uma planta tem sido transformada em medicamento no Chile.
Medicamentos de alto custo, judicialização e os dilemas no acesso terapêutico às pessoas com Síndrome de Berardinelli
Authors: Nóbrega Jociara , Valle Carlos Guilherme do
Published: January 2023

Este artigo aborda o acesso a um medicamento de alto custo para pessoas com uma doença rara a síndrome de Berardinelli que vivem, sobretudo, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Enfocamos a construção de biossocialidade envolvida no pleito judicial pela leptina, que se desenha em redes entre diferentes atores e instituições, como geneticistas, profissionais de saúde, agentes públicos, ativistas, associações civis, a biomedicina, a justiça, a mídia e a indústria farmacêutica. Refletimos sobre as diferentes articulações que envolvem a judicialização da saúde, como as emoções e as moralidades, a busca por cidadania, os interesses comerciais da indústria farmacêutica e os dilemas na gestão de recursos na administração pública.
Interview with Sjaak van der Geest
Authors: Zorzanelli Rafaela
Published: January 2023

Não se aplica
Drogas fluidas: revisitando a antropologia dos fármacos
Authors: Rose Isabel Santana de , Hardon Anita , Sanabria Emilia
Published: January 2023

Esta revisão aborda um conjunto crescente de trabalhos situados na intersecção entre a antropologia e os estudos sociais da ciência e tecnologia (CTS) que examinam como as drogas são tornadas eficazes nos laboratórios, em contextos terapêuticos e na vida cotidiana. Essa literatura ressalta como os interesses comerciais e as preocupações sociais modelam os tipos de efeitos farmacêuticos que são colocados em prática, e como certas eficácias são bloqueadas devido a questões morais. Os trabalhos reunidos aqui revelam como as instituições reguladoras e os atores envolvidos nas políticas públicas de saúde tentam estabilizar as ações farmacêuticas. Ao mesmo tempo, nas linhas de frente do cuidado, farmacêuticos, trabalhadores da saúde e usuários procuram ajustar as dosagens e as indicações, buscando adaptar as ações farmacêuticas a circunstâncias específicas. Nós mostramos que não existe um objeto (farmacêutico) puro que precede sua socialização. Os fármacos não são “descobertos”; eles são constituídos e reproduzidos em relação a contextos mutáveis. Esta revisão delineia cinco áreas-chave nas pesquisas etnográficas e nos estudos CTS que examinam tais drogas fluidas.
Entrevista com Sjaak van der Geest
Authors: Zorzanelli Rafaela
Published: January 2023

Entrevista com Sjaak van der Geest
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROPPING SYSTEM AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES UNDERTAKEN BY INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY: A CASE STUDY FROM JIRI MUNICIPALITY, DOLAKHA, NEPAL
Authors: Paudel Madhu , Timsina Deepa
Published: January 2023

Climate change is a proven and burning issue in world. It has visibly impacting different nation. The study was focused to assess the impact of climate change on cropping system and adaptation strategies undertaken by indigenous community in Jiri Municipality of Dolakha district, Nepal in 2022, which was dominated by the indigenous community namely Jirel. In survey, 212 households were selected from five wards of Jiri Municipality using purposive sampling technique. Preliminary study, scheduled questionnaire survey, field observation, focus group discussion and key informant interview were the primary information sources and secondary information were collected and analyzed using SPSS software; Microsoft Excel and Logistic regression model. From this research on Jiri Municipality of Dolakha district of country Nepal, it is again proved that the climate at the local level has been experiencing increasing trends of both precipitation and temperature (1992-2021). Analysis of agricultural data and meteorological data (2008/09 to 2019/20) shows that the annual yield of the crops like maize, wheat, millet and potato are increasing annually. This signifies that there was positive impact to crop production of study area. At the same time series, both trend of temperature and precipitation are annually increasing. Farmers have experienced that agricultural productivity is decreasing than in the recent years because of different diseases, pest, erratic rainfall, etc. However, there was also positive impact of climate change in study area because climatic variables created favorable environment to grow cauliflower, cabbage, chilly, pumpkin, lemon, kiwi fruit and spinach which were unusual crop species of study area before. Local people’s experience part shows mixed outcomes i.e. positive as well as negative impact on agricultural production due to climate change. As per the analysis of sales of chemical fertilizers data (2014/15 to 2019/20) in the study area, there was fluctuating trend of chemical fertilizers i.e. significant decrease in the sales of urea with 107.64 Mt per year. Crop yield trend showed highly positive correlation for maize, wheat and millet whereas low positive correlation for potato along with the sales of chemical fertilizers. Majority of the respondents are practicing intercropping and planning to use hybrid seeds, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, tunnel and irrigation channel, similarly, to adapt new crops and to change planting time of crops. Whereas, 100% of the respondents were using bio fertilizers to cope with increasing climatic trend.
A TREND ANALYSIS OF ORANGE AND APPLE PLANTS AT BATU CITY, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Ibrahim Jabal Tarik , Rahmawati Tanti Eka , Susanto Adi , Mufriantie Fithri
Published: January 2023

Apple commodity in Batu city has experienced a decrease. The decrease is due to land shrinkage, significant unproductive plants, and uncertain weather conditions. On the other hand, the orange plant in the Batu area has been increasing as the plant can grow well in different land elevations. This research investigates the production trend of apple and orange plants, the area trend of both plants, and the comparison trend of the plants in Batu city. The research design used quantitative and qualitative methods and in-depth interviews with several informants to acquire important qualitative data. The data on production, crop area, and the number of plants for apples and oranges came from the Agricultural Office of Batu City and the Central Statistics Agency. The trend analytical technique used the ARIMA Box-Jenkins with Eviews software. The research’s results show: (1) The apple production trend decreased, while oranges increased, (2) The crop plant for apples decreased, while oranges increased, (3) The plant number for apples experienced an extreme decrease in 2020, while orange experience the highest increase in 2021, (4) The factors that cause apple’s crop area decreased were the increase of temperature, the decrease of humidity, the plants’ age that was too old, excessive usage of pesticide, the increase of production cost, the decrease of apple production, and the low price of apple, (5) Orange experience an increase due to consumers demand, high price and low cost of maintenance, (6) The forecasting for apple production, crop area, and plants number showed a decrease, (7) The forecasting for orange production, crop area, and plant number showed an increase.
EFFECTS OF VERMICOMPOST FERTILISATION ON SOME GROWTH PARAMETERS AND YIELD OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L). IN DALOA, WEST-CENTRAL OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE
Authors: Damien ABOBI Akré Hebert , Moreto SALLA , René N’GANZOUA Kouamé , Zoumana KONATE , Martinez GUEI Arnauth , Ferdinand ZRO Bi Gohi
Published: January 2023

The production of tomato, a very important vegetable for human consumption and the most widely grown in Africa, remains low to meet the needs of the Ivorian population. Also, mineral fertilisation with its certain contributions to the crop, remains costly and inaccessible to small farmers. The present study aims to assess the effects of organic fertilisation based on vermicompost on the growth and yield of the tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. In a Fisher block design. Three vermicompost treatments T20 (20 t/ha), T40 (40 t/ha), T60 (60 t/ha) and a control T0 were set up with four replicates in Daloa, west-central of Côte d'Ivoire. The germination rate of the tomato seeds was determined during the three weeks of nursery. The height, crown diameter and vigour index of the tomato plants were measured regularly, as well as the yield at the end of the trial. The main results show that the germination rate was higher with the lowest dose of vermicompost (20 t/ha) while the height, crown diameter and vigour index of the tomato plants increased more rapidly with increasing doses of vermicompost. Thus, the highest height (146.76 cm), the largest crown diameter (38.13 mm) and the highest vigour index (4.22) were obtained with the highest dose. Similarly, yield was favourably affected with increasing doses of vermicompost. The highest being obtained with T60. Increasing doses of vermicompost favourably influence tomato growth and yield. Organic fertilisation with vermicompost could be recommended to farmers in order to sustainably increase agricultural production.
La Existencia de Dios: Un debate entre lo creíble y lo conveniente
Authors: Herrera Javier A.
Published: January 2023

El ser humano se ha debatido entre lo que ha creído, cree y seguirá creyendo; pero, particularmente sobre la existencia de Dios, lo hace a su conveniencia. Cuando observan la naturaleza o el universo pueden preguntarse si surgió de una explosión hace millones de años o es creación de Dios. Filósofos, científicos y personas del común siguen buscando respuestas a sus preguntas. Es “el hombre en busca de sentido como lo propone Víctor Frank, y agrega, que, … hay en él [en el hombre] una espiritualidad inconsciente: la presencia ignorada de Dios”. Es el ser humano que ha decidido ignorar, poner en duda, o negar radicalmente, la existencia de Dios, más aún cuando el mal prevalece en el mundo. No se podría negar la existencia de algo, o de alguien, que no existe. “Nadie niega a Dios, sino aquel a quien no le conviene que Dios exista” (Agustín de Hipona). “Es un nuevo ateísmo enfrentando la fe y la razón” (Antonio Cruz). “La existencia de Dios es evidente en sí misma” (Tomas de Aquino). “Tiene que haber una causa inexorable de lo creado… y ese ser sería Dios” (Aristóteles). “Mi conciencia está ligada a la palabra de Dios” (Martin Lutero). “… desde la creación del mundo conocieron a Dios, pero no quisieron adorarlo como Dios ni darle gracias. En cambio, comenzaron a inventar ideas necias sobre Dios” (Romanos 1). “Yo Soy el que Soy” (Éxodo 3:14), así define Dios Su propia existencia, creíble y conveniente.
Overcoming violence through a democratic and dialogical process
Authors: Marino Filho Armando
Published: January 2023

In this article, I present a way of understanding how to overcome violence through dialogue and the democratic organization of group relations. The goal is to discuss how this approach to overcoming violence in an NGO (non-governmental organization) revealed the need to be flexible, to listen to each other, and to be willing to create a new unknown path together with the students by developing the activities to overcome violence (AOV). The objective of the AOV was to change the interpersonal relationships in the organization, to make it a place of co-existence for the children and adults, and to overcome this preponderant form of relational violence. I present actual events that took place at a Brazilian NGO specifically founded to provide care for children at social risk. The project I designed at the NGO focused on the (re-)organization of teaching activities and daily life as a community practice creating a community as a space where the relationships among the participants could become more democratic. The idea was to transform the power and individualistic domination of the NGO’s teachers, coordinators, or founders into shared power relationships established through democratic and dialogical processes.
The expected result was that the young attendees of the NGO would become community authors of their own life in the institution and have more personal autonomy. this process also showed us that while we could transform reality, the reality was also transforming our expectations. The very dynamics of the dialogical process require openness in the sense that one cannot predefine the goals according to one’s wishes. One has to be ready to accept the new, unexpected issues that may arise through dialogues and change initial objectives. In any case, I would reckon that one cannot strictly control the dialogical process. For this reason, the means and instruments, as well as the procedures for the AOV have to be understood, created, and reinvented during the process by the participants themselves and not by a single person prior to the AOV. The results showed that an action plan and instruments could only be suggested as a guide during the events, but not as an a priori condition, independent of all those involved in the actions taken.
From a school rebellion to a rebel school – its people and their initial struggles with democracy in education
Authors: Jørgensen Mosse
Published: January 2023

The following text is a translation of two chapters from a Norwegian book, “From a school rebellion to a rebel school” by Mosse Jørgensen (Jørgensen, 1971). She was the first “principal,” i.e., the “school leader” and a teacher in a democratic high school, The Experimental Gymnasium of Oslo [Fosøksgymnaset i Oslo] in Norway. Although this book was translated into eight languages in the 1970s, it never was translated into English. The editors of this Special Issue decided to translate and publish two chapters of the book: Chapter III – The People and Chapter VI – Difficulties with democracy. These chapters represent a valuable addition to the special issue on Dialogic Pedagogy and Democratic Education. They illustrate, complement, and complete four other studies in this Special Issue issue, which also focus on The Experimental Gymnasium of Oslo and its Swedish sister school in Gothenburg (Marjanovic-Shane, 2023a, 2023b, 2023c; Marjanovic-Shane, Kullenberg, & Gradovski, 2023). We are publishing translations of these two chapters in honor of their author Mosse Jørgensen, who is no more.
Four person-ideas in a soul-searching internally persuasive discourse
Authors: Marjanovic-Shane Ana
Published: January 2023

The monologues presented in this article represent a particular Bakhtinian analysis of a transcript of a passionate, dramatic, and conflictual General Assembly meeting held in the first democratic school in Norway, the Experimental Gymnasium of Oslo (EGO), only two months after the school was opened, on November 2nd, 1967. In the meeting, they confronted each other with deep disagreements in their vision of the school and ways to govern it.
The Bakhtinian assumption is that a dialogic analysis of any dialogue takes entering into dialogic relationships with the original participants in the analyzed dialogue (Matusov, Marjanovic-Shane, & Gradovski, 2019; Matusov, Marjanovic-Shane, Kullenberg, & Curtis, 2019). By taking the floor in the Soul-Searching Assembly, the students confronted each other fully from the bottom of their hearts and minds. Their ideas were embodied intentions, motives, reasons, and desires – what Bakhtin called the person-ideas (Bakhtin, 1999). I constructed four person-ideas based on the transcript of the Soul-searching assembly. In that process of dialogic abstraction, I attempted to distill specific points of view without depersonalizing them into abstract ideas thorn out of the living moment of their lives.
The analysis through the construction of the four person-ideas complements a vignette I wrote based on the same transcript (Marjanovic-Shane, 2023b). It is both a distinctive kind of dialogic analysis, and it also helps me prepare the data regarding the students’ ideas for a further conceptual analysis, where I explore the students' ideological positions, beliefs, and worldviews. That conceptual analysis is published in a separate article of this special issue (Marjanovic-Shane, 2023a).
Freedom, dialogue, and education in a democratic school
Authors: Rietmulder Jim , Marjanovic-Shane Ana
Published: January 2023

This article is based on two interviews between Jim Rietmulder, the founder and lead staff at The Circle School (in Harrisburg, PA), and Ana Marjanovic-Shane, an Independent Scholar and a Co-Editor of this Special Issue. We discuss and examine the daily practice and the philosophical approach of a particular democratic school as we discuss democratic education in general. The main purpose of these interviews has been to introduce democratic education and explore the place for dialogic pedagogy in a democratic school, where the students are free to choose what to study, when to study, in what ways they want to study, with whom they want to study, etc. What happens to dialogic pedagogy if the students are not engaged around the same topics together? The question is whether the students’ legitimate status of free persons with equal rights of opinion and decision-making also creates opportunities and conditions for the students to engage in the critical dialogic examinations of the world, of their life and learning, and of their desires, motivations, and values.
Forschungsperspektiven 14
Authors: Süss-Stepancik Evelyn , Fridrich Christian , Knecht Harald , Riegler Peter , Beer Rudolf , Wagner Paulina , Weissenbäck Andreas , Sorger Brigitte , Camber Marina , Gilak Golriz , Koder Petra , Wöhrer Linda , Haushofer Brigitte , Benischek Isabella , Wagner Gundula , Grössing Helga , Streicher Gerhard , Methlagl Michael , Taslimi Natascha , Majcen Jutta , Krienzer Daniela , Hollerer Luise
Published: January 2023

Zwanzig Autorinnen und Autoren widmen sich in neun Beiträgen zentralen Themen der Bildungsforschung auf den Ebenen von elementarpädagogischen, schulischen und hochschulischen Zugängen. Die Ergebnisse dieser empirischen Befunde sind geeignet, zu professioneller unterrichtspraktischer Umsetzung beizutragen.
Portrayal of the Colonization in Indo-Pak Cinema: A Case Study of Four Period Movies
Authors: Mustafa Nayyer , Riaz Saqib
Published: January 2023

Cinema is considered a substantial medium in the advancement of narratives. The intention of this study was to determine how the Cinema of the subcontinent responded to the British colonization of India after 50 years of its independence. This paper explores the portrayal of colonization in Indian and Pakistani cinema with special reference to two Indian period films namely “The Legend of Bhagat Singh (2005)” and “Khelein Hum Jee Jaan Sey(2010)” besides two Pakistani period films namely “Jinnah (1998)” and “Laaj (2003)” by the qualitative method of research. After reviewing the tradition of Occidentalism and the historical background of Indian and Pakistani Cinema, the researcher analyzed the films by employing thematic narrative analysis and contextual analysis techniques which enabled him to understand the nature of such depictions besides similarities and differences between Indian and Pakistani Occidentalism. The researcher observed that selected Indian films depict secular nationalist construction; whereas selected Pakistani movies depict religious construction.
Analisis Postur Kerja dengan Metode Rapid Entire Body Assissment (REBA)
Authors: Darsini  , Reza Tania Achmadi
Published: January 2023

Kegiatan fisik yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas kerja pada operator produksi merupakan salah satu pekerjaan perlu diperhatikan. Aktifitas operator pada CV. Primavera yang bergerak di bidang garment terutama bagian cutting laser kain adalah proses pemotongan kain yang menggunakan teknologi sinar laser berdaya tinggi yang dipancarkan dari generator mengenai benda kerja, pergerakan pemotongan dikontrol melalui komputer sehingga kemungkinan melesetnya kecil. Pada saat proses cutting laser, pekerja berdiri didepan mesin cutting laser dan membungkuk saat penyetingan ukuran kain sesuai keranjang. Keluhan tersebut muncul disebabkan postur tubuh kerja yang tidak ergonomi menyebabkan timbulnya rasa sakit pada beberapa bagian tubuh yang dirasakan pekerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat resiko dan persentase keluhan yang dirasakan selama cutting laser. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) dan Nordic Body Map (NBM), berdasarkan metode REBA resiko kerja yang di hadapi pekerja dalam cutting laser kain dengan level tinggi skor yang dihadapi dikisaran 8-10, kategori tindakan tinggi sehingga perlu segera dilakukan perbaikan postur kerja. Nordic Body Map menunjukan segmen tubuh yang pertama pada bagian punggung dengan skor 9, segmen tubuh kedua pada bagian kanan bahu dengan skor 8, segmen tubuh ketiga bagian pinggang skor 8, segmen tubuh keempat pada bagian pantat skor 8, dan segmen tubuh kelima pada bagian kaki kanan dengan skor 8, disebabkan postur kerja yang membungkuk saat proses cutting laser dan penyetingan ukuran kain serta faktor umur dan lama bekerja ikut mempengaruhi kuesioner.
Analisis Performansi Pompa Offloading 50-PA-4501A pada Anjungan Main Stupa
Authors: Saksono Puji , Nurdin Akhmad , Aditya Gilang
Published: January 2023

Kegiatan eksploitasi sumur gas memiliki berbagi masalah salah satunya banyaknya cairan pada column tubing yang menghambat produksi gas. Salah satu cara mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan proses offload. Peralatan yang penting untuk kegiatan offload adalah pompa offload. Pompa ini digunakan untuk memindahkan cairan yang telah ditampung di vessel ke trunkline. Unjuk kerja pompa offload dalam memtransfer cairan merupkan hal yang sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat perubahan unjuk kerja pompa offloading antara kondisi awal sesuai spesifikasi pabrik dengan saat ini setelah dipakai selama ± 9 tahun. Jenis pompa yang diuji adalah pompa multistage sentrifugal model 20 WUC-2R-19. Pengujian performansi pompa offload dilakukan dengan menvariasikan bukaan katup discharge sebesar 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Kemudian membandingkan performansi pompa aktual dengan data terkoreksi menggunakan hukum affinity law. Pengujian ini tidak memperhitungkan perubahan karakteristik cairan yang terjadi saat kegiatan offload. Hasil penelitian menunjukan telah terjadi penurunan performansi antara kondisi awal operasi tahun 2011 dengan kondisi aktual tahun 2020. Kapasitas aktual pompa turun menjadi sebesar 23,45 m3/h dibandingkan kapasitas disain sebesar 24 m3/h. Efisiensi pompa offload menurun dari kondisi awal sebesar 80 % menjadi 7,71%. Penurunan efisiensi selama 9 tahun adalah sebesar 2,29% atau 0,25% per tahun.