bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Модифікація структури та функціонально-технологічних властивостей казеїну: наукові та прикладні аспекти
Authors: Гринченко Н. , Тютюкова Д. , Пивоваров П.
Published: April 2017

У статті узагальнено сучасні явлення про роль казеїну в технологічних процесах перероблення молока, розглянуто фізико-хімічні, хімічні та ферментативні способи модифікації казеїну, висвітлено взаємозв’язок між способами модифікації казеїну та його функціонально-технологічними властивостями, розглянуто основні моделі структури казеїнових міцел, що дозволило спрогнозувати можливість його структурних модифікацій з метою регулювання функціонально-технологічних властивостей. Показано роль кальцію у забезпеченні колоїдної стабільності молока, зазначено, що введення секвестрантів (альгінату натрію) до молока знежиреного за обґрунтованих параметрів підвищує його колоїдну стабільність та може бути використано для регулювання його функціонально-технологічних властивостей. Наведено модель технологічної системи виробництва молока знежиреного зі зміненими функціонально-технологічними властивостями за рахунок модифікації структури казеїнових міцел, що проявляється в підвищенні гідрофільності, здатності до дисоціації, рівномірності розподілу поверхневого заряду.
Ethics in MD/MPH Curricula: A Case Study Describing Unique Considerations for Dual-Degree Students
Authors: Kareff Samuel , Goodman Kenneth
Published: April 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Ethics is a general core competency in undergraduate medical education (UME) and represents an accepted and established component of the contemporary medical curriculum as required by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME). Similarly, ethics is a key element in many professional degrees of public health, including the Master and Doctor of Public Health programs, as mandated by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH). The recent rise of dual-degree programs integrating Doctor of Medicine or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine training with Master's in Public Health, coupled with the lack of formal educational guidelines for integrating ethics into such programs, represents a new challenge to educators. In 2011, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM) launched the nation's largest MD/MPH dual-degree cohort. This initiative serves as a case study of ethics playing a supporting role in such dual-degree programs. Although preliminary assessments are encouraging, additional evaluation is necessary to determine the effectiveness of integrating ethics training in dual-degree programs.
ESTUDO EXPERIMENTAL DAS RELAÇÕES TECLDUAIS EM RATOS, PROVOCADAS POR DIFERENTES CONCENTRAÇÕES DE PENICILINA G. BENZATINA
Authors: Massad Mara Rita Rodrigues , Massad Eduardo , Arcuri Edna Apparecida Moura
Published: April 2017

A procura de respostas científicas aos problemas decorrentes de procedimentos que envolvem ações profissionais constituem um desafio constante aos enfermeiros comprometidos com a melhoria do cuidado de enfermagem. Tendo em vista a intensa dor muscular provocada pela aplicação de penicilina G Benzatina, sentiu-se necessidade de avaliar experimentalmente esse procedimento, a fim de se observar a influência da concentração e/ou volume injetado. Essa avaliação poderia oferecer subsídios para melhorar o cuidado de enfermagem no que diz respeito ao preparo da injeção intramuscular da p.G.b. O estudo foi realizado, no Laboratório de Patologia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da USP em 27 ratos machos Wistar. Após a aplicação da p.G.b. no membro direito e soro fisiológico no membro esquerdo (controle) os animais foram sacrificados e estudados histológicamente. Verificou-se que o uso da p.G.b. no músculo causou intensa reação inflamatoria (miosite), com maior intensidade apôs 48 horas, mas podendo ser observada até 30 dias. A reação inflamatoria foi semelhante em natureza e intensidade para os três níveis de concentração testados. Este estudo não foi suficiente para formar subsídios necessários a alteração no proce-cedimento da injeção intramuscular da p.G.b.
Conducta no saludable asociada con el desarrollo de presión arterial elevada en adolescentes
Authors: Sánchez-Zamorano Luisa María , Burguete-García Ana Isabel , Flores-Sánchez Guillermo , Salmerón-Castro Jorge , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo C. , Diaz-Benitez Cinthya E.
Published: April 2017

El artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar la asociación entre el patrón de conducta no saludable sobre la prevalencia y la incidencia de la presión arterial elevada en adolescentes. A partir de la información de un estudio de cohorte con una población en la medición basal de 2.813 adolescentes del sistema de educación pública, se determinó la prevalencia (basal) e incidencia de la presión arterial elevada, junto con el consumo de tabaco, alcohol, drogas ilegales y las variables de actividad física. Con estas variables, se construyó un modelo llamado "patrón de conducta no saludable" y se evaluó su relación con la presión arterial elevada en los adolescentes, utilizando modelos de regresión logística múltiple. Entre los resultados, se observa que la prevalencia de la presión arterial elevada fue 8,67%. La incidencia acumulada de la presión arterial elevada fue 7,58%. En el análisis múltiple de la prevalencia de presión arterial elevada, ajustado por grado de adiposidad, hubo asociación con un alto patrón de conducta no saludable en el grupo de los hombres (OR = 3,13; IC95%: 1,67-5,84). La asociación de la incidencia de la presión arterial elevada y alto patrón de conducta no saludable se observa en el grupo de las mujeres, (OR = 2,34; IC95%: 1,11-4,95). Se concluye que la presión arterial elevada está presente en la población adolescente, asociado a conductas no saludables en ellos, como el tabaquismo, el alcohol, las drogas ilegales y la escasa actividad física, independientemente del grado de adiposidad.
Utilização das informações vitais para a estimação de indicadores de mortalidade no Brasil: da busca ativa de eventos ao desenvolvimento de métodos
Authors: Frias Paulo Germano de , Szwarcwald Célia Landmann , Morais Neto Otaliba Libânio de , Leal Maria do Carmo , Cortez-Escalante Juan José , Souza Junior Paulo Roberto Borges de , Almeida Wanessa da Silva de , Silva Junior Jarbas Barbosa da
Published: April 2017

Resumo: O artigo apresenta a construção histórica brasileira sobre a utilização das informações vitais, incorporando procedimentos de avaliação das informações e pesquisas de busca ativa de nascimentos e óbitos, que resultaram na proposição de métodos para o cálculo de indicadores de natalidade e mortalidade mediante o uso de registros contínuos. Além das pesquisas para captar eventos vitais referentes aos anos de 2000 e 2008, são apresentados os procedimentos para a correção dos eventos informados aos sistemas de informação e a mudança de paradigma no método de cálculo dos indicadores de mortalidade decorrente destas iniciativas. Adicionalmente, destacam-se os avanços na adequação das informações sobre óbitos e nascidos vivos no Brasil, as alterações nas estimativas da mortalidade infantil decorrentes da proposição de métodos, além do desafio de estimar o indicador para áreas geográficas subnacionais, com menores contingentes populacionais, que em sua maioria é composta por municípios com baixa cobertura e regularidade dos dados.
VOLATILIDADE DOS RESULTADOS DE PROFICIÊNCIA E SEU IMPACTO SOBRE AS METAS DO IDEB NAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Pontes Luís A. F. , Soares Tufi Machado
Published: April 2017

RESUMO: Este artigo tem dois objetivos principais: mensurar a volatilidade dos resultados das avaliações de Língua Portuguesa e Matemática nas escolas públicas mineiras; e estimar o possível impacto dessas flutuações nos resultados do cumprimento das metas do Ideb. Para tal, analisa-se um banco com dados provenientes da Prova Brasil e do Sistema Mineiro de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Simave). O método estatístico empregado é um modelo longitudinal linear hierárquico que tem a escola como nível de interesse. Entre as principais conclusões obtidas estão: o fato de que as flutuações das notas médias das escolas são bastante acentuadas, mesmo quando se leva em conta a sua tendência de crescimento; e a constatação de que o impacto sobre o cumprimento das metas do Ideb, devido a tais flutuações, pode ser considerável, a ponto de facilitar ou dificultar o sucesso das escolas quanto ao seu cumprimento.
SABERES E PRÁTICAS DOCENTES E ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: TEMAS, CONCEITOS E REFERENCIAIS (1970-2014)
Authors: Gonçalves Nadia Gaiofatto , Monteiro Ana Maria Ferreira da Costa
Published: April 2017

RESUMO: Este trabalho visa analisar a produção acadêmica sobre Saberes e Práticas Docentes relacionadas ao Ensino de História, presente em periódicos acadêmicos das áreas de Educação, Ensino e História, no período de 1970 a 2014, buscando-se evidenciar temas, conceitos e referenciais contemplados. Como principais referenciais, utilizam-se os conceitos de habitus e campo, de Pierre Bourdieu, e de representações e lutas de representações, de Roger Chartier. Como principais resultados, destacam-se a grande concentração da produção a partir do século XXI; a coincidência de aumento de artigos com a produção específica de saberes e práticas docentes no Brasil; a presença de conceitos relacionados a saberes e práticas docentes em significativa parte da produção, mas também artigos sem a explicitação de conceitos específicos a essa problematização; e a luta de representações que se desenha, com a entrada de trabalhos relacionados à perspectiva da Educação Histórica, para abordagem da temática no campo Ensino de História.
Currículos socioemocionais, habilidades do século XXI e o investimento econômico na educação: as novas políticas curriculares em exame
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo Saballa de , Silva Roberto Rafael Dias da
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Nos regimes de implementação das políticas curriculares contemporâneas, noções como competências socioemocionais, habilidades do século XXI, paradigma holístico, currículo socioemocional e abordagem transversal tornaram-se recorrentes nos debates educacionais mobilizados pelos diferentes sistemas de ensino. O presente artigo é decorrente de uma pesquisa que, a partir do campo de Estudos das Políticas de Currículo, tem como objetivo problematizar a difusão de um modelo contemporâneo de currículo socioemocional que toma os estudantes como capital humano a ser investido. Para tanto, definiu-se como corpus de análise do artigo um modelo de currículo socioemocional colocado em ação no Rio de Janeiro, no qual são examinados: a) as racionalidades governamentais que operam na implementação do currículo; b) os sentidos de conhecimento escolar e formação humana engendrados na trama discursiva curricular. O artigo apresenta, então, um diagnóstico das articulações entre infância, escolarização e neoliberalismo. A seguir, discute alguns desdobramentos subjetivos da teorização contemporânea nomeada como Big Five, analisando a promoção de um modelo de currículo socioemocional colocado em ação no Rio de Janeiro. Por fim, a partir das análises, infere que a indústria educacional contemporânea, motivada pelo imperativo de investimento econômico em educação, tem planejado tecnologias que operam no mapeamento e na tentativa de potencialização das competências socioemocionais dos alunos, tendo em vista sua qualificação enquanto capital humano.
O lugar da pesquisa no Mestrado Profissional em Educação
Authors: André Marli , Princepe Lisandra
Published: April 2017

RESUMO O texto discute o lugar da pesquisa no Mestrado Profissional em Educação no Brasil. Na primeira parte, são revistos alguns pontos da sua trajetória, que foi marcada por resistências e desconfianças por parte da comunidade acadêmica. Em seguida, procura-se mostrar aproximações e diferenças entre o Mestrado Profissional e o Acadêmico, acentuando o lugar privilegiado da pesquisa na formação do profissional da educação. Tendo como referência o Mestrado Profissional em Educação: Formação de Formadores da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC SP), indica-se como se tem procurado articular investigação e prática pedagógica na estrutura curricular do curso. Finalmente, apresenta-se uma análise dos trabalhos finais defendidos pelos pós-graduandos desse curso, destacando temas, metodologias e resultados obtidos, o que permite avaliar a consecução dos objetivos pretendidos.
Academic performance of students who underwent psychiatric treatment at the students’ mental health service of a Brazilian university
Authors: Campos Cláudia Ribeiro Franulovic , Oliveira Maria Lilian Coelho , Mello Tânia Maron Vichi Freire de , Dantas Clarissa de Rosalmeida
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: University students are generally at the typical age of onset of mental disorders that may affect their academic performance. We aimed to characterize the university students attended by psychiatrists at the students’ mental health service (SAPPE) and to compare their academic performance with that of non-patient students. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study based on review of medical files and survey of academic data at a Brazilian public university. METHODS: Files of 1,237 students attended by psychiatrists at SAPPE from 2004 to 2011 were reviewed. Their academic performance coefficient (APC) and status as of July 2015 were compared to those of a control group of 2,579 non-patient students matched by gender, course and year of enrolment. RESULTS: 37% of the patients had had psychiatric treatment and 4.5% had made suicide attempts before being attended at SAPPE. Depression (39.1%) and anxiety disorders/phobias (33.2%) were the most frequent diagnoses. Severe mental disorders such as psychotic disorders (3.7%) and bipolar disorder (1.9%) were less frequent. Compared with non-patients, the mean APC among the undergraduate patients was slightly lower (0.63; standard deviation, SD: 0.26; versus 0.64; SD: 0.28; P = 0.025), but their course completion rates were higher and course abandonment rates were lower. Regarding postgraduate students, patients and non-patients had similar completion rates, but patients had greater incidence of discharge for poor performance and lower dropout rates. CONCLUSION: Despite the inclusion of socially vulnerable people with severe mental disorders, the group of patients had similar academic performance, and in some aspects better, than, that of non-patients.
Determinants of outpatient expenditure within primary care in the Brazilian National Health System
Authors: Turi Bruna Camilo , Codogno Jamile Sanches , Sarti Flávia Mori , Anokye Nana Kwame , Fernandes Rômulo Araújo , Monteiro Henrique Luiz
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: One of the big challenges facing governments worldwide is the financing of healthcare systems. Thus, it is necessary to understand the factors and key components associated with healthcare expenditure. The aim here was to identify demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and clinical factors associated with direct healthcare expenditure within primary care, among adults attended through the Brazilian National Health System in the city of Bauru. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in five primary care units in Bauru (SP), Brazil. METHODS: Healthcare expenditure over the last 12 months was assessed through medical records of adults aged 50 years or more. Annual healthcare expenditure was assessed in terms of medication, laboratory tests, medical consultations and the total. Body mass index, waist circumference, hypertension, age, sex, physical activity and smoking were assessed through face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: The total healthcare expenditure for 963 participants of this survey was US$ 112,849.74 (46.9% consultations, 35.2% medication and 17.9% laboratory tests). Expenditure on medication was associated with overweight (odds ratio, OR = 1.80; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.07-3.01), hypertension (OR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.91-4.82) and moderate physical activity (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38-0.81). Expenditure on consultations was associated with hypertension (OR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.12-2.47) and female sex (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.14-2.55). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that overweight, lower levels of physical activity and hypertension were independent risk factors associated with higher healthcare expenditure within primary care.
Necessidades da vida na morte
Authors: Combinato Denise Stefanoni , Martin Sueli Terezinha Ferrero
Published: April 2017

Em função do envelhecimento populacional e aumento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) tem se deparado com as necessidades das pessoas em processo de morte. A partir da análise do trabalho de profissionais da saúde que cuidaram de pessoas em processo de morte, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir as necessidades de saúde nesse processo, a fim de subsidiar o trabalho com essa população, especialmente na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Participaram da entrevista, após serem selecionados por dois questionários, onze profissionais (enfermeiros e médicos) da ESF de Campinas/SP. A análise de dados foi pautada no referencial teórico-metodológico da Psicologia histórico-cultural. Como resultado, tem-se que as necessidades dos pacientes e familiares não são restritas ao momento de vida (proximidade da morte), mas referem-se, também, às condições de vulnerabilidade social.
Transporte de sedimentos no rio Amazonas
Authors: Meade Robert H. , Nordin Jr Carl F. , Curtis William F. , Rodrigues Flavio M. Costa , Vale Carlos M. do , Edmond John M.
Published: April 2017

Resumo O transporte médio anual de sedimentos em suspensão no rio Amazonas, em Óbidos, Brasil, foi estimado, a partir de novas medições, em 0,8 a 0,9 x109 ton. ano. A maior parte destes sedimentos é lançada na plataforma continental.
Reproductive biology of Sympterygia bonapartii (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) in San Matías Gulf, Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Estalles María L. , Perier María R. , Giácomo Edgardo E. Di
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT This study estimates and analyses the reproductive parameters and cycle of Sympterygia bonapartii in San Matías Gulf, northern Patagonia, Argentina. A total of 827 males and 1,299 females were analysed. Males ranged from 185 to 687 mm of total length (TL) and females from 180 to 742 mm TL. Sexual dimorphism was detected; females were larger, heavier, exhibited heavier livers, wider discs and matured at lager sizes than males. Immature females ranged from 180 to 625 mm TL, maturing females from 408 to 720 mm TL, mature ones from 514 to 742 mm TL and females with egg capsules from 580 to 730 mm TL. Immature males ranged from 185 to 545 mm TL, maturing ones from 410 to 620 mm TL and mature males from 505 to 687 mm TL. Size at which 50% of the skates reached maturity was estimated to be 545 mm TL for males and 594 mm TL for females. According to the reproductive indexes analysed, S. bonapartii exhibited a seasonal reproductive pattern. Mating may occur during winter-early spring and the egg-laying season, during spring and summer.
Topological and histological description of preoptic area and hypothalamus in cardinal tetra Paracheirodon axelrodi (Characiformes: Characidae)
Authors: Rincón Laura , Obando Martha J. , Tovar Mario O. , Pandolfi Matías , Hurtado Hernan
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Topological and histological descriptions of the preoptic area and hypothalamus of the cardinal tetra Paracheirodon axelrodi were performed. Standard histological paraffin sections were used and stained with Nissl technique, and plastic sections for high-resolution optic microscopy (HROM). The preoptic area showed some differences related to the location of the magnocellular preoptic nucleus (PM) and the size of the neurons in this region, as they were the biggest in all the preoptic area. Additionally, within the preoptic area, the different structures that comprise the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) were identified and characterized. The hypothalamus could be subdivided in three regions - the ventral, the dorsal and the caudal hypothalamic regions - neuron morphology, size and staining pattern were similar in all of them.
A potência de imaginar: arte, cultura e trabalho na economia dos bens abundantes
Authors: Melo Sharine Machado Cabral
Published: April 2017

Resumo Este artigo tem como ponto de partida alguns dos enunciados que atualmente incidem sobre o fazer artístico, especialmente as propostas sobre a economia criativa, a economia das artes ou a economia da cultura. Em geral, eles se baseiam na possibilidade de extrair riquezas do pensamento, das redes e dos afetos. O apelo crescente por criatividade, que decorre desses discursos, leva a críticas sobre a exploração do trabalho criativo e sua inserção nos processos capitalistas. Todo esse movimento pode ser lido pelo viés da biopolítica, uma forma de poder que se estende por todos os domínios da vida. Mas é também essa dinâmica que faz da criação artística um campo de resistência e de disputa política em que concorrem vozes provenientes de diversos locais da sociedade.
Caminho do Diálogo: uma experiência bioética no ensino fundamental
Authors: Fischer Marta Luciane , Cunha Thiago Rocha da , Roth Matheus Edilberto , Martins Gerson Zafalon
Published: April 2017

Resumo No Brasil, a experiência educacional em bioética volta-se, sobretudo, ao ensino superior, nos níveis de graduação e pós-graduação. Nos últimos anos há crescente reconhecimento da importância de desenvolver o aprendizado da bioética desde o ensino fundamental. A recomendação não diz respeito à inclusão da bioética como disciplina formal, mas como área a se trabalhar interdisciplinar e transversalmente no contexto da formação integral, humanística e crítica de crianças e adolescentes. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar e analisar uma experiência educacional em bioética, que envolveu o ensino fundamental, denominada “Caminho do Diálogo”. O projeto utilizou método inspirado nas práticas peripatéticas de Aristóteles, funcionando como atividade relativamente simples, subsidiada essencialmente por recursos humanos, propiciando resultados satisfatórios na aproximação entre bioética e educação básica e promovendo o diálogo entre academia, sociedade e escola, de modo a instigar a reflexão e favorecer o aprimoramento moral de todos os envolvidos.
Elaboração coletiva do código de ética do estudante de medicina
Authors: Menezes Márcia Mendes , Amaral Fernando Ribeiro , Rocha Caroline Urias , Ribeiro Camila Rodrigues , Maia Luciana Colares , Sampaio Cristina Andrade , Costa Simone de Melo
Published: April 2017

Resumo Este artigo descreve a elaboração do Código de Ética do Estudante de Medicina comparando o processo com o descrito na literatura. Os dados foram levantados em pesquisa de campo qualitativa, por meio de entrevista com 24 estudantes, e quantitativa, com aplicação de questionário sobre conflitos éticos a 281 acadêmicos. A partir das opiniões dos estudantes e pesquisa bibliográfica, identificaram-se temáticas essenciais para elaboração do código de ética do estudante de graduação. Como resultado, o código abordou direitos e deveres de professores, pacientes, instituições e sociedade em geral, considerando inclusive problemas contemporâneos, como o uso de redes sociais e trote universitário. Concluiu-se que a elaboração coletiva do código corresponde ao início de processo que pretende estimular a reflexão sobre assistência médica e dimensão social para se tomar decisões coerentes com princípios éticos e morais em respeito à dignidade do ser humano.
Sustained swimming mitigates stress in juvenile Brycon amazonicus reared in high stocking densities
Authors: Arbeláez-Rojas Gustavo Alberto , Moraes Gilberto , Nunes Cleujosí da Silva , Fabrizzi Fernando
Published: April 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of stocking density associated with the swimming exercise on the stress responses of Brycon amazonicus. During 70 days, fish were subjected to three stocking densities: LD, low density of 88 fish per cubic meter; ID, intermediary density of 176 fish per cubic meter; and HD, high density of 353 fish per cubic meter. These densities were combined with static water (non-exercised group) or moderate-speed water (exercised group). Chronic stress was observed in HD, and plasma cortisol and glucose increased with the stocking densities. In HD, levels of plasma cortisol were significantly lower in exercised fish (135 ng mL-1) than in non-exercised ones (153 ng mL-1). The greatest hepatic glycogen bulks occurred in fish kept in ID and sustained swimming. Hepatic free amino acids (FAA) increased with the stocking density, particularly in non-exercised fish. The contents of FAA in the liver and of free fatty acids (FFA) in the liver and muscle were mobilized to meet the metabolic demands imposed by exercise and stocking density. The hematological parameters remained stable. The results show that Brycon amazonicus is more resistant to stress when subjected to sustained swimming and high stocking density than to static water.
Fumigation and repellency of essential oils against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in cowpea
Authors: Oliveira José Vargas de , França Solange Maria de , Barbosa Douglas Rafael e Silva , Dutra Kamilla de Andrade , Araujo Alice Maria Nascimento de , Navarro Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz
Published: April 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the fumigant and repellent effects of essential oils on adults of Callosobruchus maculatus and to identify the chemical composition of two of the tested essential oils. For the fumigation test, the oils of Schinus terebinthifolius, Piper aduncum, Syzygium aromaticum, Piper hispidinervum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound were tested at different concentrations on C. maculatus adults. For the repellency test, the oils of S. terebinthifolius, P. aduncum, P. hispidinervum, S. aromaticum, Jatropha curcas, and Ricinus communis were evaluated. In the fumigation test, it was observed that P. aduncum and eugenol showed the highest and lowest LC50s, of 169.50 and 0.28 μL L-1 air, respectively. In the repellency test, the oils of S. aromaticum and P. hispidinervum were repellent to C. maculatus. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of these two oils identified 42 compounds, of which safrole was the main component of P. hispidinervum and eugenol of S. aromaticum. The essential oils of S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound are the most promising to control C. maculatus, via fumigation.
Performance of chicks subjected to thermal challenge
Authors: Ferraz Patrícia Ferreira Ponciano , Yanagi Junior Tadayuki , Lima Renato Ribeiro de , Ferraz Gabriel Araújo e Silva , Xin Hongwei
Published: April 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of thermal challenge at different intensities and durations on the production responses of 3 to 21-day-old broiler chickens. Two hundred and ten Cobb chicks were subjected to dry-bulb temperatures (tdb) of 27, 30, 33, or 36°C for the duration of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 days from the second day of life onwards. The experiment was carried out in four identical environmentally-controlled wind tunnels. Data on body mass (BM), feed intake (FI), and water intake (WI), all in grams, were monitored daily; and body weight gain (BWG), in grams, and feed conversion (FC) were also calculated. The effect of duration was not statistically significant. Empirical models were adjusted to relate BM, FI, and WI with tdb and bird age. The performance of chicks at 21 days of age was analyzed using the BM, FI, WI, BWG, and FC values. Overall, the development of chicks at 33 and 36°C was better than that of those subjected to the lower tdb of 30 and 27°C. The exposure of chicks to cold thermal challenge in early life can have a carry-over negative effect on their production performance up to 21 days of age.
Surto de ceratoconjuntivite infecciosa bovina e hemoncose causando mortalidade em bezerros
Authors: Carmo Priscila M.S , Vargas Agueda C , Rissi Daniel R , Oliveira-Filho José C , Pierezan Felipe , Lucena Ricardo B , Leite Fernando L Leivas , Barros Claudio S.L
Published: April 2017

É descrito um surto de ceratoconjuntivite infecciosa bovina (CIB) e hemoncose intercorrente afetando um grupo de 116 bezerros de 1-2 anos de idade na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Vinte bezerros foram afetados e nove morreram. Os sinais clínicos incluíam perda de peso, marcada palidez da mucosa oral, lacrimejamento, opacidade focal da córnea e avermelhamento da conjuntiva. Sinais mais avançados incluíam lacrimejamento copioso, opacidade da córnea, ceratocone, ceratomalacia e cegueira. O diagnóstico de CIB foi baseado nos achados epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos e confirmado pela cultura de uma cepa hemolítica de Moraxella bovis dos olhos de dois terneiros afetados. O alto coeficiente de letalidade (45%) neste surto foi atribuído a grave hemoncose intercorrente.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIQUAT, BOTH ISOLATED AND ASSOCIATED WITH COPPER SOURCES IN CONTROLLING THE Hydrilla verticillata SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES AND ANKISTRODESMUS Gracilis microphyte
Authors: MALASPINA I.C. , CRUZ C , GARLICH N , BIANCO S , PITELLI R.A
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of diquat, both isolated and associated with copper sources (oxychloride and hydroxide) in controling the H. verticillata submerged macrophyte and the A. gracilis microalgae. For this purpose, 10.0 cm H. verticillata young branches and 300 mL of A. gracilis culture were used. The experiments were performed in laboratory and the tested diquat concentrations were: 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8; 1.2; and 1.8 mg L-1, either isolated or added with 1.0% copper oxychlorideand hydroxide, as well as a control sample. On day 3, 7, 11, 21 and 30 after application, phytotoxicity signs were evaluated and on day 60 after application, green and dry biomass production and plant length were measured. To obtain dry mass, plants remained in a greenhouse with forced air circulation at 65.0 oC, until constant weight. On day 1, 7, 15, 21, 30, 45 and 60 after application, the concentration of chlorophyll a in the water was assessed. The herbicide diquat used alone or in combination with sources copper oxychloride and hydroxide was effective in the control of H. verticillata and microalgae A. gracilis.
“Defensivos” ou “agrotóxicos”? História do uso e da percepção dos agrotóxicos no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, 1950-2002
Authors: Carvalho Miguel Mundstock Xavier de , Nodari Eunice Sueli , Nodari Rubens Onofre
Published: April 2017

Resumo O artigo apresenta uma história do uso e da percepção dos agrotóxicos no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre as décadas de 1950 e 2000. As fontes primárias utilizadas foram diversificadas, como boletins técnicos, relatórios governamentais, censos agropecuários, notícias de jornais, dados do centro estadual de informações toxicológicas e entrevista com um técnico de referência no setor. Verificou-se que o uso e a percepção dos agrotóxicos passaram por diferentes fases em Santa Catarina, o que também ocorreu em outros lugares, e que as atitudes mudaram tanto devido às experiências individuais de técnicos e agricultores, como também pela influência do contexto cultural mais amplo da circulação das ideias ambientalistas a partir dos anos 1980.
História da sociologia como campo de pesquisa e algumas tendências recentes do pensamento social brasileiro
Authors: Maia João Marcelo Ehlert
Published: April 2017

Resumo O artigo estabelece as bases para um diálogo entre os estudiosos do pensamento social brasileiro e os historiadores da sociologia como disciplina. Para atingir esse objetivo, analiso os desenvolvimentos recentes no campo da história da sociologia, destacando a incorporação de métodos historiográficos e a emergência de uma abordagem transnacional, que aponta para o projeto de uma história global da disciplina. Critico os limites eurocêntricos desse campo e argumento que as tendências recentes de pesquisa na área do pensamento social brasileiro podem ajudar a superar tal limitação. Finalmente, analiso brevemente os obstáculos que impedem tal diálogo e aponto possíveis estratégias para superá-los.
Hacia la medición del impacto de las prácticas de apropiación social de la ciencia y la tecnología: propuesta de una batería de indicadores
Authors: Daza-Caicedo Sandra , Maldonado Oscar , Arboleda-Castrillón Tania , Falla Sigrid , Moreno Pablo , Tafur-Sequera Mayali , Papagayo Diana
Published: April 2017

Resumen Se presenta una propuesta de indicadores cualitativos para hacer un seguimiento de las prácticas de apropiación social de la ciencia y la tecnología. La batería se diseñó a partir del caso de Maloka, pero puede ser de utilidad para múltiples actores que realizan ejercicios de ASCyT. La introducción presenta una discusión sobre el concepto de ASCyT. La primera sección muestra una revisión bibliográfica sobre la medición de actividades que vinculan ciencia y sociedad. La segunda explica por qué es importante el desarrollo de este tipo de mediciones. La tercera muestra la metodología seguida para el diseño de la batería. La cuarta explica la batería de indicadores y la quinta reflexiona sobre este proceso.
Smoking among female sex workers: prevalence and associated variables
Authors: Devóglio Ligia Lopes , Corrente José Eduardo , Borgato Maria Helena , Godoy Ilda de
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the prevalence of smoking and associated variables in female sex workers (FSWs) Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study involving FSWs in the city of Botucatu, Brazil, who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, including data regarding smoking status, motivational stage of change, and degree of nicotine dependence, as well as the Perceived Stress Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Results: We included 83 FSWs. The mean age was 26.8 years. Among the participants, 58 (69.8%) had at least a high school education, only 26 (31.3%) resided in the city of Botucatu, 59 (71.1%) were smokers, 5 (6.0%) were former smokers, 74 (89.2%) regularly consumed alcohol, and 43 (51.8%) used illicit drugs. The majority of the women were classified as having an intermediate stress level, and 51 (61.4%) were classified as having possible or probable anxiety, whereas depression was found to be improbable in 57 (68.7%). The level of nicotine dependence was high among the smokers, the majority of whom showed no intention to quit smoking. Smoking was associated with illicit drug use (p = 0.0271) and with alcohol consumption (p = 0.0001), although not with the levels of stress, anxiety, or depression; nor was the age at smoking initiation associated with the length of time as an FSW (p = 0.4651) Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking among the FSWs evaluated here was much higher than the 8.3% reported for the overall female population of Brazil. Our findings show that FSWs are exposed to various risk factors inherent to their profession. Therefore, harm reduction is an important strategy to be adopted.
Positive deviance as a strategy to prevent and control bloodstream infections in intensive care
Authors: Oliveira Francimar Tinoco de , Ferreira Maria Manuela Frederico , Araújo Silvia Teresa Carvalho de , Bessa Amanda Trindade Teixeira de , Moraes Advi Catarina Barbachan , Stipp Marluci Andrade Conceição
Published: April 2017

Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe the application of positive deviance as a strategy to prevent and control bloodstream infections. METHOD An intervention study with nursing and medical team members working in an intensive care unit in a university hospital, between June and December 2014. The four steps of the positive defiance methodology were applied: to define, to determine, to discover and to design. RESULTS In 90 days, 188 actions were observed, of these, 36.70% (n=69) were related to catheter dressing. In 81.15% (n=56) of these dressings, the professionals most adhered to the use of flexible sterile cotton-tipped swabs to perform antisepsis at catheter entry sites and fixation dressing. CONCLUSION Positive deviance contributed to the implementation of proposals to improve work processes and team development related to problems identified in central venous catheter care.
Mixed reality constructs a new frontier for maintaining the built environment
Authors: Brilakis Ioannis
Published: April 2017

New technology that intelligently combines the physical and digital worlds looks set to revolutionise the way civil engineers monitor infrastructure, both during and after construction. Ioannis Brilakis of the University of Cambridge reports.
Batteryless PV desalination system for rural areas: A case study
Authors: Almaktoof Ali M. , Raji Atanda K. , Kahn Mohammed T.E. , Ekhlat Mohamed Ali
Published: April 2017

The use of photovoltaics (PVs) to power reverse osmosis (RO) desalination can potentially break the dependence of this desalination process on conventional energy sources (oil, coal, electricity from national grid), reduce operational costs, and improve environmental sustainability. In this paper, a methodology for the optimal sizing and performance evaluation of a stand-alone PV system to power an RO desalination unit is presented. This unit covers the water needs of inhabitants of a small isolated village called Mrair-Gabis, near the Ajdabiya city in north-eastern Libya. A photovoltaic-reverse osmosis (PV-RO) system offers good possibilities for satisfying this need. Due to the many technical problems with batteries, as well as their high cost, the system studied in this paper will not consider the use of batteries; the viability of a batterryless system is facilitated by the high solar radiation at the selected site, and long daily average insolation duration. From the water consumption records it was noticed that during some days in summer the water produced by the RO unit does not meet the water demand; on the other hand, during some days of the month there will be an excess of water production. The above considerations led to the design of a freshwater tank, to cover the potable water needs for people in cases of the desalination unit breaking down, either due to technical problems or on the cloudy days. The purpose of the water tank is therefore to store excess water when production exceeds supply. Simulations were carried out using MATLAB Software to size and assess the performance of a stand-alone PV system. The computer program can be applied to any site with different weather conditions.
Comparative evaluation of the performance of an improved solar-biomass hybrid dryer
Authors: Okoroigwe Edmund C. , Ndu Evidence C. , Okoroigwe Florence C.
Published: April 2017

A solar biomass hybrid dryer intially designed with a front pass flat plate solar air heater and a biomass heating stove was redesigned, reconstructed in order to minimize the excessive convective heat losses and its performance re-evaluated. Due to poor design and contruction of the biomass heating and solar collector sections, the efficiency of the initial design was low. It is believed that the drying efficiency of the dryer could be enhanced if a back pass solar collector and a biomass heating stove incorporated with a gas to gas heat exchanger to ensure that the hot air reaching the samples is clean, smokeless and ash free, substitute for the original solar collector and biomass unit respectively in the improved version. The system’s drying performance was tested on both no load and full capacity load under different meteorological conditions within Nsukka (Lat. 7oN) for two weeks. The testing results showed that the incorporation of a new back pass solar collector and the heat exchanger enhanced the trays temperatures on no load test. Similarly, the efficiency of the dryer based on solar, biomass and solar-biomass heating in drying of fresh okra, fresh groundnut and fresh cassava chips increased from 5.19 – 16.04%, 0.23 – 3.34% and 1.636 – 8.96% respectively over the initial construction. This shows that the dryer can help improve the post-harvest processing and storage quality of farm produce by drying if further optimized.
The End of Compulsory Education?
Authors: Lebedev Oleg
Published: April 2017

This article is inspired by Francis Fukuyama’s book called The End of History and the Last Man. Yet, compulsory education is not regarded as a perfect model here. The existing school education system is unable to offer anything else to improve educational outcomes. The study attempts to analyze the conditions under which compulsory education developed as well as its features that impede the improvement of education quality. An alternative education system should replace compulsory education to reach a higher level of quality. The transition to third-generation education standards may create a situation where a strategic trend for general education in Russia could be finally outlined. The fundamental provisions of the article are mostly expert judgments based on a research into official documents, publications at hand, and personal experience. In addition, the article picks up the discussion on the balance between the goals and outcomes of general education initiated in earlier articles published in Voprosy obrazovaniya [Lebedev 2005; 2009; 2011; 2013].
How Academic Failures Break Up Friendship Ties: Social Networks and Retakes
Authors: Valeeva Diliara , Dokuka Sofia , Yudkevich Maria
Published: April 2017

Student academic failures have been traditionally explained by their abilities, socioeconomic status, institutional and social environment. However, the same factors are ignored by researchers when it comes to students at risk of dropping out. Using data about dynamic social networks, we study changes in the status of students with retakes. It was  revealed that over time students with low academic achievements become socially isolated that increases their risk of dropping out. The article offers recommendations on surmounting such isolation and contributes to studies of social engagement of students in institutional and social environment.
From AIDS to Free Trade Agreements: Knowledge Activism in Thailand’s Movement for Access to Medicines
Authors: Krikorian Gaelle Pascale
Published: April 2017

This article examines the movement for access to medicines in Thailand, a country that is a privileged site of observation of the new world order of pharmaceuticals and has been at the forefront in many international negotiations on intellectual property.  The movement relies on the appropriation of knowledge and expertise about intellectual property laws, which developed in the context of the fight against HIV/AIDS. Treatment activism in Thailand is particularly vigorous and studying it allows us to grasp both the national and transnational dimension of this type of collective action: a global movement that is structured around the notion of "access to medicines," and is in close but rather orthodox relation to medical knowledge. The relations that one can draw between AIDS activism and the movement for access-to-medicines allows one to trace the origins of the latter and helps us understand key features at the core of this movement. But the analysis also shows that, from the outset, the access to medicines movement in Thailand developed through a new form of activism. The notion of knowledge activism is developed in this paper to seize the particularities of the activism at play in Thailand as compared with other forms of collective action relying on the use of knowledge. Knowledge activism is defined not only by the activists’ relation to knowledge–– authoritative and institutionalized knowledge, or lay expertise––but also by the inclusion in the movement of “expert activists” such as doctors, lawyers, or academics, together with “grassroots activists.” Knowledge activism also implies a permanent circulation of knowledge and information between the various categories of actors involved inside, outside and on the fringes of the movement, and results in a hybrid form of collective action that develops beyond the movement and is constantly reconfigured, according to opportunities or pressures.
FM1-43 dye uptake (chlorpromazine treatment ) from Yao CK et al. (2017) v1
Authors: Yao Chi-Kuang , Yu-Tzu Liu not provided , I-Chi Lee not provided , You-Tung Wang not provided , Ping-Yen Wu not provided
Published: April 2017

This protocol is from 'Flower Ca2+ channel in CME and ADBE' of Yao CK et al. Please see the manuscript for the full method details.
LA COMODA ISABELINA CATALANA COMO AGLUTINANTE DE LAS ARTES APLICADAS Y LAS INFLUENCIAS EUROPEAS

The Catalan Isabelina Comoda as Agglutinant of Applied Arts and European Influences
Authors: Güell Solá Joan
Published: April 2017

Este estudio pretende concretar al máximo la evolución decorativa, estructural de la cómoda y determinar cuáles son las referencias europeas que influyen durante el periodo isabelino. Empezamos analizando los modelos del periodo Fernandino por la enorme trascendencia que tienen durante buena parte del siglo XIX hasta el inicio del periodo Alfonsino. Esta tipología durante el siglo XIX tiene la capacidad de ser un buen marco de expresión para que muchos artesanos, diseñadores y ebanistas demuestren su pericia decorativa y originalidad. Así la aplicación de numerosas técnicas decorativas junto con la aparición de las influencias europeas marcarán la belleza de estas piezas. El estudio analiza una cantidad importante de muebles buscando originalidad estructural, decorativa y compositiva para determinar que esta evolución sea lo más exacta posible.
Bitcoin as an Innovative Payment Currency in Germany: Development of the e-Gold Standard
Authors: Arsov Aleksandar
Published: April 2017

Recent years have witnessed the advances of e-money systems such as Bitcoin, PayPal and various forms of stored-value cards. This paper adopts a mechanism design approach to identify some essential features of different payment systems that implement and improve the constrained optimal resource allocation in Germany. Bitcoin is a digital, decentralized, partially anonymous currency, not backed by German or any government or other legal entity, and not redeemable for gold or other commodities. Bitcoin relies on peer-to-peer networking and cryptography to maintain its integrity. Compared to most currencies or online payment services, such as PayPal, bitcoins are highly liquid, have low transaction costs, and can be used to make micropayments in Germany. Although the Bitcoin economy is flourishing, Bitcoin users are anxious about Bitcoin’s legal status. This paper examines a few relevant legal issues. The research question is to investigate how supplementary digital terminating currency Bitcoin can provide a superior fallback position as e-gold standard in Germany and worldwide. Digital self-liquidating e-Gold ounce could be distributed immediately to voters by using swipe cards used by some governments for transit facilities. Bitcoins as e-Gold ounce do not provide a viable medium of exchange because of the cost of their purchase, creation and/or exchange.
Analysis of internal personnel marketing in selected mechanical engineering company in Slovakia
Authors: Gogolova Martina , Ponisciakova Oga , Sedlakova Iveta
Published: April 2017

The paper deals with the significance and analysis of internal personnel marketing in a given enterprise in Slovakia. The analyses arose from the internal documentation of the company, from the company results of projects realised within the field of personnel management and from the survey results. The target group comprises of the company staff themselves, therefore the key role of the internal personnel marketing is to ensure stabilisation of qualified and highly motivated employees, their advancement and correct leadership. In the analysis of various occupations in the analysed company, we focus on the application of marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion) in the process of personnel management. In the conclusion we suggest some measures, based on individual analyses results, to improve internal personnel marketing of an enterprise.

Keywords: internal personnel marketing, management, employees, marketing mix