bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile and Mycological Profile of Dermatophytosis: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India
Authors: Eddula Venkataravikanth , Matety Ashok Rao , Deepthi C. Sravana , Chaudhuri Sirshendu , Pappula Vidyasagar
Published: October 2024

Background:

This cross-sectional observational study aimed to analyze the clinical and mycological characteristics of dermatophytosis in patients visiting the outpatient clinic of the department of dermatology at a tertiary care hospital in Telangana.

Methodology:

The study was conducted from November 2017 to July 2019, involving patients clinically diagnosed with dermatophytosis. Data collection included detailed demographic and clinical information and laboratory investigations such as direct microscopy, fungal culture, and hematological examinations. Specimens were collected from skin lesions, nails, and hair, processed using appropriate methods, and subjected to culture and microscopic examination. Descriptive statistics was performed to present the findings.

Results:

A total of 100 participants were recruited, with a median age of 24 years. The majority were male (n = 75, 75%) and students (n = 47, 47%). Most participants (n = 71, 71%) presented with extensive tinea followed by tinea corporis and tinea capitis. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most isolated variant (n = 42, 97.7%) among positive cultures.

Conclusion:

Young male populations are the most common victims in this region. The significant number of tinea cases and the high prevalence of T. mentagrophytes underscore the necessity for precise diagnosis and effective management strategies in treating dermatophytosis.
Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A Case Series
Authors: Chikkala Swetha Madhuri , Russell Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar , Basker Mona , Joseph Rachna George , Bavishna Santhanababu , Sebastian Sneha Maria , Reshmi Y. S.
Published: October 2024

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), a recently described eating disorder categorized under DSM-5, has varied clinical presentations. The primary eating disorders have well-established practice parameters for management. However, there is no evidence-based first line of management for ARFID. There is a significant gap in this evolving construct and clinical practice. We present a case series from a tertiary care center in India, focusing on clinical management. Four adolescents with 3 girls and 1 boy between 12 and 17 years of age were included in the study. Diagnosis and management were delayed in all. Mean body mass index was 15.36 (5.26) kg/m2 at the time of diagnosis. Key drivers were dread of choking, sensory characteristics, and avoidance of unpleasant upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms. This series supports a culturally cognizant hypothesis, an evidence based, viable management model for ARFID in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). A combination of family-based treatment (FBT) and cognitive behavior therapy is an effective treatment model for India and other LMICs.
A Modification of Fenestration Technique (MOFT) to Increase Vestibular Depth: A Case Series
Authors: Katariya Anukrati , Kukreja Bhavna J.
Published: October 2024

The most prevalent mucogingival issues include insufficient gingival width, decreased vestibular depth, abnormal frenal attachment, gingival recession, pockets that reach the mucogingival junction, excess gingival, inconsistent gingival margin, excessive gingival display and abnormal gingival colour. Numerous periodontal plastic operations have been used to treat these issues. However, each approach has its own drawbacks and is technique-dependent. Adequate depth of vestibule is necessary to maintain good oral health as shallow vestibule leads to accumulation of food and thus impedes oral hygiene maintenance. This case series describes a vestibular deepening procedure performed using modification of periosteal fenestration technique. This technique includes a series of eight cases of shallow vestibule where vestibular deepening was conducted by giving a full-thickness incision to expose the periosteum and create a window of fenestration followed by suturing the labial mucosa to the periosteum at the apical level. The results reported an excellent post-operative outcome showing increased depth of the vestibule.
Acute gastroenteritis caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa serotype in gastric cancer patient in Eastern India: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Bajpai Vijeta , Nath Gopal , Mishra Anwita , Kumar Amit
Published: October 2024

Acute gastroenteritis is the most common clinical manifestation of Vibrio cholerae infection. Cases of non-O1 V. cholerae infections in cancer patients have been previously reported in the literature. To our best knowledge, this is a unique case of V. cholerae classical biotype, serovar Ogawa infection in a young female patient with gastric malignancy.
Extensive metastatic ependymoma with long-term progression-free survival with capecitabine plus temozolomide combination chemotherapy: A case report
Authors: Hendem Engin , Korkmaz Mustafa , Araz Murat , Eryılmaz Melek K. , Çağlayan Dilek , Ayçiçek Seda T. , Kaya Buğra , Artaç Mehmet
Published: October 2024

We wanted to present a rare case of metastatic grade 2 spinal ependymoma with an atypical course at the time of diagnosis. Temozolomide plus capecitabine chemotherapy was started in May 2018 on a 30-year-old female patient with sacral ependymoma who had extensive lung metastases at the time of diagnosis. The patient remained in remission for approximately 29 months, and the current chemotherapy was continued until it progressed in November 2020. According to this case report, a combination of temozolomide and capecitabine may be the best treatment option for ependymoma patients.
Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kasapoğlu Elçin , Kandil Berfin , Gökyer Ali , Uzunoğlu Sernaz
Published: October 2024

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the breast is a rare and aggressive type of breast cancer characterized by increased intracellular mucin production. It has a high risk of metastasis and poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer types. We report a 56-year-old woman with primary SRCC of the breast who first presented with retraction on her left breast. Radiological examination revealed a mass that causes the retraction. The patient underwent left modified radical mastectomy, and pathology results showed a 70% signet ring cell pattern. Chemotherapy consists of an adriamycin-cyclophosphamide regimen administered. in this case, we aim to review the literature on this topic and inform the physicians.
Effect of bilateral superficial parotid gland sparing IMRT on xerostomia and QOL: A prospective study
Authors: Madhwapathy Kanchan S. , Manur Janaki
Published: October 2024

Background:

Superficial lobe constitutes 80% of the parotid and is situated lateral to mandible and can be better spared during intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aimed to see the impact of bilateral superficial parotid gland (PG) sparing IMRT on xerostomia and quality of life (QOL) in patients with HNC receiving radiation.

Study Design:

Prospective, questionnaire-based study.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-four patients with histopathologically proven non-nasopharyngeal non-oral cavity HNC were included in this study. IMRT technique was used and a constraint of 24 Gy was given to combined superficial PG. Physician- and patient-rated xerostomia and QOL scores were recorded at baseline and two weeks, three months, and six months post-radiation therapy (RT). The combined superficial PG dose correlated with xerostomia and QOL scores.

Results:

The combined superficial PG and combined whole PG mean dose was 18.71 Gy and 30 Gy, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P-< 0.001). At two weeks, three months, and six months post-RT, the odds of xerostomia scores were 0.11, 0.071, 0.042, respectively for a median dose of <18 Gy compared to >18 Gy and was statistically significant P=(0.001).

Conclusion:

Bilateral superficial PG sparing IMRT is beneficial in reducing xerostomia and translates to a better QOL.
Primary vaginal squamous cell carcinoma—the coeffect of vaginal leiomyoma and Human papillomavirus (HPV); A case report
Authors: Mavili Hanife S. , Kandiloğlu Ali R. , Atmış Ömer , Uyar Yıldız
Published: October 2024

Primary vaginal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is extremely rare. Primer vaginal SSC developed by the coeffect of leiomyoma and Human papillomavirus (HPV) is presented. We report a case of primary vaginal SCC in a 62-year-old woman presenting dyspareunia. On macroscopic examination, the surface of the operation material was partly ulcerated. On the cut surface, the material was solid, firm, white, and whorled. Microscopic examination revealed leiomyoma ulcerating the mucosa and SCC at the base of the ulcer. The case, in which vaginal SCC developed in the vagina due to the irritation of the leiomyoma, as well as its relationship with HPV, is important to be the first to our knowledge.
Pleomorphic adenoma: Indeed, a versatile tumor
Authors: Sharma Rashim , Khera Sudeep , Yadav Taruna , Badkur Mayank
Published: October 2024

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common and well-studied salivary gland neoplasm. It is a benign tumor most commonly occurring in the parotid gland although it can be seen in other major and minor salivary glands. There is a variety of metaplasia seen in Pleomorphic adenoma most commonly squamous metaplasia, others noted are osseous metaplasia, oncocytic metaplasia, sebaceous metaplasia, and adipocytic metaplasia. Also, at times tyrosine crystalloids are seen. This study discusses a few of the metaplasia and the presence of tyrosine crystals in pleomorphic adenoma. Indeed, this tumor proves true to its name.
Drug-induced acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet syndrome): A case report presented at Delhi State Cancer Institute
Authors: Shah Afsana , Meedimale Santhosh , Kumar Dinesh , Sharma Pooja , Shukla Pragya
Published: October 2024

Sweet syndrome is a rare, etiologically unknown dermatosis that can be idiopathic or associated with certain clinical conditions. Among these conditions are infections, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, vaccinations, the use of medications, and neoplasias. Hematological neoplasias, particularly acute myeloid leukemia, are the most commonly described; however, the condition may also be related to solid tumors, being those of the genitourinary tract the most associated with the syndrome. Drug-induced Sweet syndrome has also been reported; however, it is rarely seen. We report a case of 59 years old male patient with a diagnosis of carcinoma urinary bladder, who developed skin eruption after infusion of the first cycle of chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin) and resolved after treatment with steroids. The diagnosis of Sweet syndrome was confirmed only after skin biopsy, cultures and laboratory investigations. Malignancy as the cause of skin eruptions was eliminated by the fact that it occurred only after infusion of chemotherapy and the tumor was still there in the bladder, and skin eruptions did not occur after stopping steroids.
Oxaliplatin-induced transient ischemic attack (TIA): A rare presentation
Authors: Jagtap Vikas K. , Synmon Baiakmenlang , Chyrmang Deiwakor , Kumar Sumit
Published: October 2024

Oxaliplatin is a common drug used in the management of colorectal malignancies. Rare neurological side effects including amaurosis fugax, urinary retention, stroke, cranial nerve palsy, dysarthria, and dysphagia have been reported in the literature. Usually, such incidences are reported immediately after 1st dose of oxaliplatin infusion. We report a rare transient ischemic attack (TIA))-like side effects after 2nd dose of oxaliplatin infusion.
Legendary Āyurveda Practitioners of Gujarat in Nineteenth–Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Dadu Vaibhav , Rathod Monika , Dave Kaushal
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:

History paves the way for a bright future. Ayurveda has survived through the ages due to the traditions followed by the physicians and their families. With the arrival of foreign rulers in India along with the Western medicine, Ayurvedic practices kept declining, and the acceptance of the common people decreased with the passage of time. In this gloomy scenario, the ray of hope was brought by the legendary Ayurveda practitioners in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Materials and Methods:

The material includes the printed and online information of the practitioners available through authentic books and websites. All the relevant information is collected, compiled, scrutinized, and analyzed.

Discussion:

The information collected is discussed in the light of Ayurvedic practitioners in Gujarat and highlights the rich Ayurveda tradition in the form of legendary physicians such as Prabhuram Jivanram, Zandu Bhatt, Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, and Hariprapannaji.

Conclusion:

Gujarat has been a cradle of Ayurvedic traditions, and this tradition received full support from the respective kings, which was crucial for the sustenance of Ayurveda traditions.
A Journey Through Time: The Historical Evolution of Low Back Pain and the View of Homeopathy in Modern Era
Authors: Gupta Yogeshwari , Rastogi Stuti
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Low back pain is a prevalent ailment that has afflicted humanity throughout history. From ancient civilizations employing massages and herbal remedies to the emergence of modern medicine, the quest for relief from low back pain has been an enduring human endeavor. The introduction of homeopathy in the late 18th century by Samuel Hahnemann marked a significant development, emphasizing the holistic approach to treatment. Homeopathic remedies, individualized to patients’ symptoms and constitution, have provided a holistic approach for managing low back pain. It offers several potential benefits in managing low back pain and these advantages appeal to individuals seeking alternative and holistic approaches to pain relief.
Vākyapradīpikā commentary of Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya: A historical review
Authors: Kizhakkemadham Murali , Abhijith M. K.
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The role of Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya (AH) in the development of Ayurveda in Kerala is highly significant. The widespread acceptance of this text in education and practice is clearly evident in Kerala’s living traditions. Legends about Vāgbhaṭa and AH continue to thrive in Kerala’s social sphere. Commentary on AH has been a prevalent academic activity in the state for several centuries, dating back to its origins. Vākyapradīpikā (VP) is one of the earliest attempts to document the teachings based on AH. The author, Parameśvara, belongs to the fourteenth century ad and lived on the banks of the river Nila. VP is written in a simple and clear Sanskrit language. Parameśvara demonstrates a judicious integration of insights from various other saṃhitās and earlier commentaries, including sarvāṅgasundara, śaśilekhā, and later works from Kerala such as Hṛdyā and Pāṭhyā. An exploration into the VP’s printing history reveals three prints that are no longer available. Two were in Malayalam script, while the third was in Devanagari. Many texts on Ayurvedic history refer to VP to varying extents. Meulenbeld’s review of VP is also assessed in the article, although it is noteworthy that he did not have access to Malayalam script versions. Parameśvara frequently employs grammatical precision to convey the original concepts of AH. Attributing appropriate meaning to Avyaya (indeclinable), elaborating on Samāsa (compound words), and citing from other commentaries and saṃhitas are some of the tools adopted in VP. Additionally, the Malayalam language is used in various sections of VP. A detailed study into VP will surely bring out the mode of genesis of Kerala, Ayurveda.
Pramdāgadārī Vaidyaka Graṅtha: A Promising Guide for Women’s Healthcare
Authors: Mane Santosh Shantilal , Prasad Goli Penchala
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Pramadāgadārī Vaidyaka Graṅtha, a classical medical work in the Marāṭhī language authored by Sri Ganesh Vinayak Chapekar in 1888. Sri Chapekar was a renowned Vaidya (physician) from the Chinchwad, Pune. The contribution of stalwarts across the country has played a vital role in the progress of Āyurveda. However, many scholars’ ideas, studies, and publications, like this text are still in the dark for various reasons. Ganesh, the author, stated that due to certain social taboos and their shy nature, the woman never speaks openly about her health problems and is reluctant to visit a physician. Then, by reading this book, she will better comprehend her symptoms and take the necessary preventative and therapeutic steps. The author put together more than 350 Cikitsāsūtras from about 25 formal Graṅthas of vivid subjects to bring out this text so that it can aptly cover gynecological, obstetric, and other common ailments. The contents of this Graṅtha are to be promptly studied for their originality through literary research to establish it as an invaluable guide in women’s healthcare practices.
Identification of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Periodontally Healthy Adults and Chronic Periodontitis Patients Using Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Gugale Akanksha A. , Kothiwale Shaila V. , Dodamani Suneel , Nadaf Rubeen Dadakalandar , Manjarekar Sayali R
Published: October 2024

Context:

Periodontitis, a complex multifactorial, polymicrobial infection, involves deterioration of the supporting tissues surrounding teeth. Among the polymicrobiota, Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen implicated in chronic periodontitis.

Aim:

Identification of P. gingivalis in periodontally healthy adults and chronic periodontitis patients using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Periodontics, KLE V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum. The 60 patients were selected from the outpatient department considering the selection criteria, using convenience sampling.

Materials and Methods:

Patients were categorized into three groups: periodontally healthy, moderate, and severe periodontitis. Plaque index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured. The plaque samples were collected from patients and were cultured and analyzed for black-pigmented colonies, followed by biochemical characterization and DNA isolation. Samples showing bacterial DNA bands were further selected for PCR analysis with species-specific primer to confirm P. gingivalis.

Statistical Analysis:

Descriptive analysis was done using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, Chi-square, and Mann–Whitney U-test (P < 0.05).

Results:

Age and gender showed no significance in the prevalence of P. gingivalis. P. gingivalis was absent in periodontally healthy patients and detected in 10% of moderate periodontitis and 50% of severe periodontitis patients (P = 0.0001). No statistical significance with the prevalence of P. gingivalis was observed between moderate and severe periodontitis patients. In severe periodontitis patients, P. gingivalis was significantly associated with higher mean pocket probing depth scores (P = 0.0073) and CAL scores (P = 0.0022).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of P. gingivalis was significant in both moderate and severe periodontitis patients; however, a higher prevalence was observed in severe periodontitis patients. PCR analysis revealed a significant rise in the frequency of P. gingivalis with an increased periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, indicating a correlation with the severity of periodontal destruction.
Too Scared to Talk: Managing Selective Mutism in an Abandoned Girl
Authors: Malhi Prahbhjot , Bharti Bhavneet
Published: October 2024

Selective mutism (SM) is a complex anxiety-related disorder, primarily prevalent in girls, and usually diagnosed in early childhood. The main diagnostic features include persistent failure to speak in some social situations, where there is an expectation for speaking, despite normal or near-normal speech in other social settings. AD, an abandoned girl, about 3-year-old, from a child care institute was referred for a medical examination to a tertiary care pediatric hospital. The major complaints were poor appetite, failure to speak to others, and excessive aloofness. She had no major behavioral difficulties, was cooperative, and complied with all verbal instructions. She would use gestures to communicate. The child was diagnosed with SM and a comprehensive individualized therapeutic plan was implemented. The management plan focused on enhancing attachment, cognitive stimulation, and language skills. As a first step, AD was enrolled in a day care center. An enabling and enriching environment was provided with plentiful opportunities for play and interaction with peers. Defocused communication that involved sitting alongside the child rather than face to face, creating joint attention using tasks that the child enjoyed, not asking direct questions, giving the child adequate time to reply, and continuing with the conversation even if she did not respond verbally was used as the primary treatment strategy. Collaborative teams including pediatricians and mental health professionals can play an integral role in early diagnosis and in overseeing the challenging path of overcoming SM in young children from adverse circumstances.
Neuroplasticity in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Rehabilitation
Authors: Banerjee Srishti Bipul
Published: October 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination, followed by neurodegeneration. Inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration form the hallmark of MS. The demyelinated lesions get repaired by the process of remyelination. It has been found that the functional reserve of the brain remains viable in MS; hence, the brain has the capacity to undergo adaptive plasticity which plays a major role in clinical recovery. Neuroplasticity occurs at two sites, namely, (1) locally at the site of injury, known as sensory reorganization, and (2) in the distant uninjured areas of the brain, particularly the hippocampus and the default mode network. To achieve enhanced and enduring clinical outcomes, it is essential to implement physiotherapy interventions based on the principles of neuroplasticity. These treatment interventions include bimanual upper extremity training, rehabilitation in functional activities, aerobic training, software-based cognitive training, use of assistive technology, hand rehabilitation robotics, virtual reality, and exergaming. All of these treatment interventions have proven underlying neuroplastic changes that improve treatment outcomes.
Violence in Young Adults: Perpetration of Bullying and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Malhi Prahbhjot , Sidhu Manjit , Bharti Bhavneet
Published: October 2024

Objectives:

To explore the potential associations between adults’ experiences of bullying and self-reported life satisfaction.

Methodology:

The data were collected by an online self-report survey using the Google Form by contacting college/university teachers and circulating the form among students using E-mails and social media. The Multidimensional Bullying and Cyberbullying Scale was used to assess the bullying experiences of the students in the last 3 months. The Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale was used to measure self-reported life satisfaction.

Results:

Out of a total of 854 (males = 21.6 ± 3.55 years) students, a little more than half (53.9%) were not involved in any bullying, 16.4% were cyber victims, 3% were victims of classic bullying, and 10.9% were victims of both types of bullying. Pure perpetration was rare (<1%) and 14.9% of the participants reported victimizing others as well as being victims of bullying. The bully-victims, relative to other groups, were the most likely to express dissatisfaction in the domains of family life (χ
2 = 29.00, P = 0.0001), friendships (χ
2 = 52.11, P = 0.0001), living environment (χ
2 = 23.75, P = 0.003), and overall rating (χ
2 = 41.26, P = 0.0001). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated that 4.2% of the variance was explained by the number of bullying victimization incidents and the number of perpetration incidents (F = 19.90, P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:

Educational institutions must take robust measures to raise awareness of bullying and implement effective strategies to protect the most vulnerable groups. Social-emotional educational programs that teach conflict resolution, social skills, and safe practices for navigating the remote platform need urgent attention.
Influence of Maternal Risk Factors for Occurrence of Early Childhood Caries in Children – A Literature Review
Authors: Thosar Nilima , Choudhari Sonali , Kabra Sakshi
Published: October 2024

Children with early childhood caries (ECC) may develop caries in their developing permanent teeth also. The etiology of ECC is multifactorial. Amongst the common risk factors, maternal risk factors have been studied a lot and are considered as the risk of developing ECC in primary dentition till 71 months of age. There are various maternal factors that can influence the occurrence of ECC in children, such as the educational level of the mother, socioeconomic status, occupation, mother’s inappropriate feeding practices, frequency of maternal sugar consumption, her oral hygiene practices, and her dental treatment-related experiences. Mothers whether working or homemaker, number of siblings at home, type of family also influence the dental care toward her child suffering with ECC. Factors with economic problems in the family leads to familial stress resulting in maternal psychological distress, which is accompanied by throwing temperaments on her child and can lead to dysfunctional parenting behaviors, which is responsible for having ECC in her child.
Persistence of West Nile Virus circulation in North-East region of India: A prospective facility-based study spanning over a decade
Authors: Khan Siraj Ahmed , Chowdhury Pritom , Shah Anisha , Medhi Himanshu , Choudhury Parveena , Chowdhury Purvita , Ghosh Pramit
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives:

To understand the distribution and presence of West Nile (WN) among the acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) patients, a prospective facility-based study was conducted over 13 years (2007–2019).

Methods:

During the period, 8957 patients hospitalized with AES in northeastern India were tested for the evidence of WN virus infection by IgM ELISA followed by Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT).

Results:

Of the samples tested 324 (3.62%) were found positive for WN IgM antibodies and 73 paired sera showed a fourfold rise in neutralizing antibody titre by PRNT. The study establishes WN as a noteworthy cause of encephalitis in an erstwhile endemic area for Japanese encephalitis (JE).

Interpretation & conclusion:

Therefore, it is important that WN is recognized as an important acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) causing aetiology in this region and the National centre for vector borne disease control (NCVBDC) guidelines for detection of AES may be modified accordingly. Thus, inclusion of WN in routine diagnosis, along with establishment of an integrative surveillance network with one-health approach will be important.
Japanese encephalitis virus: An overview
Authors: Li Qiuyang , Cheng Xiaoling , Luo Min , Shi Jinrong
Published: October 2024

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), posing a substantial threat to human health and property safety. Until now, there has been a lack of specific therapeutic options for treating JEV infections. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive discussion of JEV's characteristics, diagnostic methodologies, vaccine development efforts, and potential anti-JEV pharmaceuticals to provide insights and references that could be used to inform and enhance strategies for the prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis.
Spatial analysis and mapping of malaria endemic-prone areas using environmental risk factors and spatial multi criteria decision analysis in the Northern Zone of Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Nimlang Nanlok H , Dusserre Gilles , Bayle Sandrine , Ertugay Kivanc , Duzgun Sebnem , Stefan Janaqi
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives:

Compressive mapping and in-depth analysis of malaria vulnerability risk foci are important tools for strategic planning, vector surveillance, implementing necessary interventions, and managing scarce resources to combat the daunting challenges of malaria infections in Nigeria.

Methods:

The study utilized environmental risk factors and spatial multi-criteria decision analysis techniques to analyze and map the spatial variations in malaria-endemic prone areas within the Northern Zone of Plateau State.

Results:

Analysis of the criteria’s weights of environmental risk factors and the stratification of the malaria risk vulnerability revealed that high-risk areas covered a total of 4017.25 Km2, while low-risk areas covered 1294.83Km2, having a close resemblance to the corresponding ground conditions. The results showed that a significant 60% of the study areas were characterized by high risk of malaria transmission, particularly in most settlements around the Jos North, Jos South and Barkin Ladi Local Government Areas. The malaria risk map’s predictive abilities demonstrated a high level of accuracy, as indicated by the area under the curve score of 0.989. Furthermore, the risk map demonstrates a high-performance rate in identifying malaria hotspots, with a sensitivity of 98%, a proficiency rate of 54%, and a statistical significance confidence level ranging from 90% to 99% for identifying malaria hotspots and coldspots.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The malaria risk analysis and mapping within the endemic prone areas of the Northern Zone of Plateau State not only equips policymakers with effective tools for identifying malaria foci but also offers a deeper comprehension of the appropriate intervention measures to be implemented.
Fair Asynchronous Session Subtyping
Authors: Bravetti Mario , Lange Julien , Zavattaro Gianluigi
Published: October 2024

Session types are widely used as abstractions of asynchronous message passing
systems. Refinement for such abstractions is crucial as it allows improvements
of a given component without compromising its compatibility with the rest of
the system. In the context of session types, the most general notion of
refinement is asynchronous session subtyping, which allows message emissions to
be anticipated w.r.t. a bounded amount of message consumptions. In this paper
we investigate the possibility to anticipate emissions w.r.t. an unbounded
amount of consumptions: to this aim we propose to consider fair compliance over
asynchronous session types and fair refinement as the relation that preserves
it. This allows us to propose a novel variant of session subtyping that
leverages the notion of controllability from service contract theory and that
is a sound characterisation of fair refinement. In addition, we show that both
fair refinement and our novel subtyping are undecidable. We also present a
sound algorithm which deals with examples that feature potentially unbounded
buffering. Finally, we present an implementation of our algorithm and an
empirical evaluation of it on synthetic benchmarks.
ON THE PROBLEM OF METAL LEACHING FROM SUBSTANDARD RA W MATERIALS
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, GOLIK V.I.
Published: October 2024

The experience of metal extraction by infiltration leaching in underground blocks and mechanochemical leaching in a disintegrator is described. An assessment of the effectiveness of new metal mining technologies with the intensification of technological processes is given. It is shown that the involvement of substandard ores and enrichment tailings in the production strengthens the raw material base of the industry and reduces the burden on the environment.
PROSPECTS FOR RESOURCE CONSERVATION IN THE EXTRACTION OF NON-FERROUS METALS
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, GOLIK V.I.
Published: October 2024

The reasons for the weakening of the raw material base of the industry and the relevance of the development of new technologies for the extraction of metals are determined. The results of the analysis of the development of reserves of ore deposits in comparison with world practice are presented. The substantiation of the possibility of strengthening the mineral resource base of non-ferrous metals production by involving substandard raw materials in operation is given.
Childcare in Spain: Strategies and Socioeconomic Determinants
Authors: Juni Maida
Published: October 2024

With 39.6 % of children under three years of age at nursery school in the school year of 2018-2019, Spain exceeded the 33 % recommended by the European Commission in 2002. Notwithstanding this figure, childcare for this age range from 0 to 3 years is neither free of charge nor universal, and the formal public offer varies considerably across the country. Faced with this limited accessibility, families resort to various strategies based on the available resources in order to manage their childcare needs. However, the existing data on these schemes are meagre and do not represent all the options. Also lacking is information about how families shape their strategies and the factors that influence their adoption of them. In this number of Perspectives Demogràfiques, which is published by the Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics (CED) at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), we draw on the latest data available from the Spanish Fertility Survey (2018) to explore the sociodemographic profiles of mothers with children aged three years and under, and the childcare strategies they adopt. The results suggest that managing childcare requires a combination of several options, thus making it relevant to speak of care strategies. Although formal care is a fundamental resource, it is not always able to respond fully to family needs. Meanwhile, the strategies adopted vary in accordance with the characteristics of mothers, for example their family situation, relationship with the labour market, and whether or not they are immigrants, all of which demonstrates the importance of adapting approaches to care in keeping with each specific situation.
Implementation of developmental potential of foreign language learning: a case study of teaching English to would-be software specialists
Authors: Andreeva N. V. , Suslina A. A. , Sadovskaya T. A. , Glotova Zh. W. , Mondraeva E. Z.
Published: October 2024

Personality development along with learning is one of the most important components of training within a higher education institution. The subject "Foreign language", taking into account certain conditions of its implementation, is able to contribute to the personality development of students. The paper presents the results of the implementation of the model of formation of students’ professional and moral awareness by means of the subject "Foreign (English) language" within the "Applied Mathematics and Information Science" field of study. It is emphasized that while focusing on achieving the learning goals of the subject, the teacher needs to focus on the goals of students’ personality development.
On the methodological aspect in the course of general physics at the university
Authors: Gnatyuk V. S. , Morozov N. N.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the importance of the methodological aspect in teaching the course of general physics at the university, which is still given insufficient attention. The role of this component in the formation of students' ideas about the physical picture of the world, as the dominant element of the scientific picture of the world, is emphasized. The methodological requirement for the presentation of methodological issues of physics is considered. Examples of the presentation of these issues in the course of physics are given. It is noted that the formation of the personality of a specialist, as self-sufficient and capable of self-development is not possible without the study of methodological problems.
Interdisciplinary aspect in the organization of research and project activities of students of a technical university: on the example of the "Graph theory" discipline
Authors: Skorobogatykh E. Yu. , Mukhina S. N. , Kosheleva N. A.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the possibilities of using educational and professional humanitarian-oriented research tasks in the educational process of the university as a means of forming and developing research skills of students of technical specialties. The process of solving educational and professional tasks is considered by the example of constructing an optimal route using graph theory methods.
The use of active forms of interaction in the educational process Of the military institute
Authors: Pustovik L. V. , Sarana I. A. , Lunev A. N.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the possibility of using active teaching methods, such as business games and a round table, in the educational process of the military institute, discusses the stages of preparation and scenarios, provides examples of the use of these technologies in laboratory classes in the discipline «Chemistry», at a scientific and technical event of the Faculty of Artillery Armament.
Application of training technology in professional education
Authors: Bulaeva M. N. , Koldina M. I. , Borschevskaya Yu. M.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses training technology and its application in vocational education. The main stages of training are explained: from personal experience to active experimentation. Various types of training technologies and their subtypes are considered depending on the purpose, number of participants and delivery method. Since training technology is not the only method of organizing the educational process, the advantages of using training in the classroom are explained.
Contemporary aspects of professional identity of teachers in the field of higher education
Authors: Derendyaeva T. M.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the problems that arise in the work of a university teacher in the context of reforming the higher education system, associated with the phenomenon of professional identity in the context of reforming the higher education system. An attempt has been made to identify factors of teachers' dissatisfaction with their position in society. The author makes an assumption about the possibility of threats of loss of professional values, the emergence of professional deformation of teachers as teachers in the process of implementing the main tasks of professional activity, loss of subjectivity and professional identity.
The process of implementing professionographic monitoring in the model of formation of the motivationalcomponent of professionalcompetence
Authors: Novoselov K. A.
Published: October 2024

Рассматривается профессиографический мониторинг, как технология оценки и диагностики, применяемая в разработанной модели формирования мотивационного компонента профессиональной компетентности курсантов морского вуза в условиях смешанного обучения и процесс ее реализации.
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation prior to HCT for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: To Boost or Not To Boost
Authors: Halahleh Khalid , Makoseh Mohammad S. , Taqash Ayat M. , Abuhijla Fawzi , Ghatasheh Lubna S. , Al Far Rozan B. , Wahbeh Lina M. , Muradi Isra F. , Almousa Abdelatif M. , Abu-Hijlih Ramiz A. , Hashem Hasan
Published: October 2024

Background

Total body irradiation (TBI) with or without cranial radiation boost (CRB) is an integral component of conditioning prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The benefit of CRB is not yet established.

Methods

This is a retrospective single center cohort study. Between January of 2003 and April of 2019, electronic medical records of 166 patients with ALL were retrospectively reviewed. One hundred forty-three patients with ALL and no prior central nervous system (CNS) involvement were included. Patients were divided into two cohorts according to cranial radiation boost (cohort-1: CNS-/CRB+ (110/143, 77%) and cohort-2: CNS-/CRB- (n=33/143; 23%). No patients received post-transplant prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy.

Results

Following alloHCT, 15 patients (10.5%) experienced relapse; 11 relapses (10%) in cohort-1, and 4 (12%) in cohort-2. Four patients (26.6%) experienced systemic medullary relapse with initial central nervous system (CNS) involvement. One patient (6.6%) experienced isolated first central nervous system relapse after allotransplant with no difference between the two cohorts (6.6% vs 0; P-0.59). Age at transplant and phenotypic subtype were predictive of first central nervous system relapse after allotransplant with respective P-values of 0.001 and 0.015.

At a median follow-up of 30 months (range: 2.5-128 months), the estimated 3-year overall survival was 61% (95% CI: 53-69), relapse free survival was 60% (95% CI: 52-69) and 3-year central nervous system-relapse-free survival was 99% and 100% in in cohort-1 and cohort-2 respectively, when systemic relapses were censored. There was no statistical significant difference in either survival or relapse free survival between the two cohorts (P > 0.69).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that augmenting total body irradiation with cranial radiation boost in patients with ALL with no prior CNS involvement did not improve relapse risk in central nervous system or survival outcomes.
Relations of Moturidi and Samarkandi
Authors: Ugli Abduhamidov Muhammadjon Abduhalim
Published: October 2024

This article highlights the relationship between Moturidi and Samarkandi, with a focus on the work “Kitab as-savod al-azam” and its significant theological elements. The study explores the connection between the two scholars, investigating whether Hakim Samarkandi was a disciple of Moturidi or merely a contemporary. The article also examines the impact of “Kitab as-savod al-azam” on Moturidi theology and its relevance to traditional Hanafi doctrine. The research delves into the theological discourse between the two scholars, addressing conflicting views on various theological issues.
The potential of kawa leaf coffee in reducing oxidative stress after physical exercise
Authors: Darni Darni , Welis Wilda , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Maidawilis Maidawilis , Mario Deby Tri , Ayubi Novadri , Effendi Rully , Karacam Aydin , Németh Zsolt
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of kawa leaf coffee drinks in reducing oxidative stress after physical exercise. This research is a pre-experiment with a one group pretest-post-test design. A total of 10 pentanque athletes aged between 18-22 years (male; n1=6 and female; n2=4) participated voluntarily. The research procedure includes taking blood samples as pretest and post-test data to analyze levels of Hemoglobin (Hb), Leukocytes, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Participants run 400 m and rested for 10-15 minutes, then were given kawa leaf coffee which had been soaked in boiling hot water for five minutes. The results of the study showed that analysis of the antioxidant activity of kawa leaf coffee drinks that were soaked in boiling water for 5 minutes had the best oxidant activity (6936.58 ppm with 6.93%). This drink has an effective influence on oxidative stress levels, and there is no significant potential as a balancer for Hb, Leukocytes, MDA, and IL-6 (p>0.05). In conclusion, kawa leaf coffee can be used as an alternative drink for athletes and non-athletes to minimize spikes in MDA as a marker of oxidative stress after physical exercise.
Keywords: physical exercise, oxidative stress, kawa leaf coffee
Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the au ipThe effectiveness of effriction and frirage massage therapy in reducing pain in knee injuries: a comprehensive review of 1-month and 2-month injuries duration
Authors: Setiawan Arif , Akhiruyanto Andry , Haryono Sri , Aziz Zainul , Hidayah Taufiq , Festiawan Rifqi , Awaludin Iqbal Indra
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of effriction and frirage massage therapy methods in reducing pain in knee injuries. A total of 64 participants (Male, BMI = 21.48 kg/m2, Age ± SD = 24,07 ± 2.72), who were classified by 1-month and 2-month injury duration, underwent various therapy regimens with 10-minute and 15-minute treatment durations. The data collection instrument used the NPRS scale. The results of the analysis showed that the effriction intervention significantly reduced knee pain in injuries with a history of 1 month and 2 months, with a consistent reduction in pain at both 10 and 15 minute durations (p-value = 0.000). In contrast, frirage interventions also showed a reduction in pain, but their effectiveness varied; A significant reduction in pain was only observed at a 10-minute duration for a 1-month history injury (p-value = 0.041) and at a 15-minute duration for a 2-month history injury (p-value = 0.028). There was no significant reduction in pain in frirage with a duration of 10 minutes for 2 months of injury and a duration of 15 minutes for 1 month of injury. Overall, the effriction technique is more effective than frirage in reducing knee pain in traumatic injuries. These findings support the recommendation to use effriction as the primary method in knee pain therapy, while frirage may be considered for more specific contexts.
Keywords: Effriction; frirage; massage therapy; knee injuries; therapy duration