bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Patient E-learning in an Intervention Study on Preoperative Smoking Cessation
Authors: Wong Jean , Raveendran Raviraj , Chuang Junior , Friedman Zeev , Singh Mandeep , Patras Jayadeep , Wong David T. , Chung Frances
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Patients who smoke put themselves at increased risk for serious surgical complications, yet it is not currently routine practice to educate patients about the risk of complications due to smoking. Computer-based smoking cessation programs are increasingly being utilized in the general population and may overcome some of the barriers such as lack of time, knowledge, and training to provide interventions. Our objective was to develop and implement a patient e-learning program designed for surgical patients as part of a multifaceted program aimed at assisting them to quit smoking and to determine the factors cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with abstinence.

METHODS:

In this prospective multicenter study, smokers undergoing elective noncardiac surgery participated in a preoperative smoking cessation program consisting of a patient e-learning program, brief advice, educational pamphlet, tobacco quitline referral, letter to the primary care physician, and pharmacotherapy. The patient e-learning program described (1) the benefits of quitting smoking before surgery; (2) how to quit smoking; and (3) how to cope while quitting. The 7-day point prevalence (PP) abstinence on the day of surgery and at 1, 3 and 6 six months after surgery was separately assessed, and factors most associated with abstinence were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Generalized estimating equation methods were used to estimate effect of the factors associated with abstinence longitudinally. The reach of the program was assessed with the number of smokers who participated in the program versus the number of patients who were referred to the program.

RESULTS:

A total of 459 patients (68.9% of eligible patients) participated. The 7-day PP abstinence at day of surgery, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months was 22%, 29%, 25%, and 22%, respectively. The variables predicting abstinence at 6 months were use of pharmacotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 7.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.71–14.44; P < .0001) and number of contacts with a tobacco quitline (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.35–1.90; P < .0001). Presence of other smokers in the household (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21–0.72; P = .0030) and amount spent on cigarettes weekly at baseline (per $10 increase) (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61–0.87; P = .0004) were barriers to abstinence.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our preoperative smoking cessation program resulted in a 7-day PP abstinence of 22% at 6 months. A multifaceted intervention including a patient e-learning program may be a valuable tool to overcome some of the barriers to help surgical patients quit smoking.
Hypoxia gene expression signatures as predictive biomarkers for personalising radiotherapy
Authors: Yang Lingjian , West Catharine ML
Published: March 2018

Hypoxia is a generic micro-environmental factor of solid tumours. High levels of hypoxia lead to resistance to radiotherapy, which can be targeted by adding hypoxia-modifying therapy to improve clinical outcomes. Not all patients benefit from hypoxia-modifying therapy, and there is a need for biomarkers to enable progression to biologically personalised radiotherapy. Gene expression signatures are a relatively new category of biomarkers that can reflect tumour hypoxia. This article reviews the published hypoxia gene signatures, summarising their development and validation. The challenges of gene signature derivation and development, and advantages and disadvantages in comparison with other hypoxia biomarkers are also discussed. Current evidence supports investment in gene signatures as a promising hypoxia biomarker approach for clinical utility.
Antimicrobial activity of fifteen Italian honeys against Paenibacillus larvae ATCC 9545
Authors: SAGONA S. , TURCHI B. , FRATINI F. , GIUSTI M. , TORRACCA B. , BIONDI C. , NUVOLONI R. , CERRI D. , FELICIOLI A.
Published: March 2018

Currently, American Foulbrood (AFB) represents one of the most important problems for beekeepers, due to economic losses and to the absence of an effective therapeutic treatment. The aim of this work was to characterize fifteen Italian honeys in order to assess their inhibitory activity against Paenibacillus larvae ATCC 9545. Each honey was analyzed for the activity of the following enzymes: glucose oxidase and catalase. Moreover, melissopalynological analysis and other biochemical parameters, namely gluconic acid, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were determined. For each honey, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (M.I.C.) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (M.B.C.) against P. larvae were determined. All tested honey samples had an inhibitory activity on P. larvae. In particular, the lowest M.I.C. and M.B.C. values (53.8 mg/mL and 107.5 mg/mL, respectively) were recorded for an Arbutus honey sample. Arbutus honeys also had the highest gluconic acid and total phenolic contents (12.6 ± 1.7 g/kg and 243.2 ± 25.1 mg/kg, respectively) and the highest glucose oxidase activity (13.0 ± 1.9 nM H2O2/min). Dark honeys, including Arbutus, seem to have a higher gluconic acid content and a higher antimicrobial activity. Thus, honey characterization, including colour and physico-chemical characteristics (e.g. gluconic acid concentration, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, glucose oxidase activity), could be crucial for the assessment of its employment against P. larvae.
Oxidative stress indices and pathological changes in cattle with traumatic pericarditis
Authors: HUSSEIN A. H. , HANAN K. E. , YASMIN O. E.
Published: March 2018

Objectives of the study were to provide information on the changes in oxidative stress indices, as well as to describe the possible pathological changes in cattle affected with traumatic pericarditis (TP). Twenty-six cattle with TP were included in the current study. Nine clinically healthy cattle were enrolled as controls. Blood serum samples were collected and stored at -20ºC. Measurement of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and other biochemical parameters were done within one week from sampling. Postmortem and histopathological examinations were carried for dead or euthanized cases. The mean values of NO, MDA, creatinine, total bilirubin, globulins, blood urea nitrogen, and total proteins were significantly higher in the diseased group (P<0.05), while the mean values of TAC, glucose and albumin were significantly lowered in TP group (P<0.05). The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were higher in affected cattle than healthy ones. In cattle with TP, a strong significant positive association was found between serum concentrations of NO and MDA. Postmortem examinations of the dead animals revealed severe thickening of the pericardium and accumulation of pericardial effusions either mild or severe in the pericardial sacs. Regarding the recorded histopatholgical changes; Organized fibrinous pericarditis (constrictive pericarditis), necrosis of the myofiber with congestion and hemorrhage in the myocardium, chronic venous congestion of the liver, and hemosiderosis of the spleen were clearly observed. Furthermore, hemorrhage and interstitial fibrosis of the lung, various degrees of degeneration and hyalinization of the renal tubules were prominently featured. In conclusion, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation may be involved in the complications of traumatic pericarditis in cattle.
Carry over effect in pesticide residues analysis by LC - MS/ MS
Authors: MILIADIS G. , MALATOU P. , TSIANTAS P. , VRETTAKOU A. , EVANGELOU V. I. , ANAGNOSTOPOULOS Ch. , SIRAGAKIS G.
Published: March 2018

The Carry over effect, i.e. the appearance of a peak in the chromatogram of a blank analysis due to sample remaining from the previous analysis, was studied. The study was conducted for pesticide residues analysis by LC-MS/MS. In total 128 pesticides that belong to 13 different chemical classes were analyzed in order to investigate the cases that the effect is significant; i.e. a peak higher than 1% of the peak of the previous chromatogram appears. Carry over was found for 32 of the 128 studied pesticides (25%), at concentration levels between the LOD and 0.167 μg/mL. For 28 out of the 32 substances, more than two injections of a blank sample were required, as to reduce the effect significantly. Compounds presenting Carry over effect were mainly non-polar with logkow values between 4 and 7, characterized with very low water solubility, between 0.001 mg/L and 2 mg/L. On the contrary, the vapor pressure did not seem to be obviously related to the effect, as the substances presenting Carry over had various vapor pressure values, from 10-12 to 0.2 mP.
Physiological and biological characterization of smokers with and without COPD
Authors: Chaudhary Nveed , Luettich Karsta , Peck Michael J. , Pierri Elena , Felber-Medlin Loyse , Vuillaume Gregory , Leroy Patrice , Hoeng Julia , Peitsch Manuel C.
Published: March 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common inflammatory airway disease predominantly associated with cigarette smoking, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. According to the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines, spirometry is used to diagnose the disease. However, owing to its complexity, spirometry alone may not account for the multitude of COPD phenotypes or the early, asymptomatic lung damage seen in younger smokers. In addition, suitable biomarkers enabling early diagnosis, guiding treatment and estimating prognosis are still scarce, although large scale ‘omics analyses have added to the spectrum of potential biomarkers that could be used for these purposes.

The aim of the current study was to comprehensively profile patients with mild-to-moderate COPD and compare the profiles to i) a group of currently smoking asymptomatic subjects, ii) a group of healthy former smokers, and iii) a group of healthy subjects that had never smoked. The assessment was conducted at the molecular level using proteomics, transcriptomics, and lipidomics and complemented by a series of measurements of traditional and emerging indicators of lung health (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01780298). In this data note, we provide a comprehensive description of the study population’s physiological characteristics including full lung function, lung appearance on chest computed tomography, impulse oscillometry, and exercise tolerance and quality of life (QoL) measures.
Badges for sharing data and code at Biostatistics: an observational study
Authors: Rowhani-Farid Anisa , Barnett Adrian G.
Published: March 2018

Background: The reproducibility policy at the journal Biostatistics rewards articles with badges for data and code sharing.  This study investigates the effect of badges at increasing reproducible research.

Methods:  The setting of this observational study is the Biostatistics and Statistics in Medicine (control journal) online research archives.  The data consisted of 240 randomly sampled articles from 2006 to 2013 (30 articles per year) per journal.  Data analyses included: plotting probability of data and code sharing by article submission date, and Bayesian logistic regression modelling.

Results:  The probability of data sharing was higher at Biostatistics than the control journal but the probability of code sharing was comparable for both journals.  The probability of data sharing increased by 3.9 times (95% credible interval: 1.5 to 8.44 times, p-value probability that sharing increased: 0.998) after badges were introduced at Biostatistics.  On an absolute scale, this difference was only a 7.6% increase in data sharing (95% CI: 2 to 15%, p-value: 0.998).  Badges did not have an impact on code sharing at the journal (mean increase: 1 time, 95% credible interval: 0.03 to 3.58 times, p-value probability that sharing increased: 0.378).  64% of articles at Biostatistics that provide data/code had broken links, and at Statistics in Medicine, 40%; assuming these links worked only slightly changed the effect of badges on data (mean increase: 6.7%, 95% CI: 0.0% to 17.0%, p-value: 0.974) and on code (mean increase: -2%, 95% CI: -10.0 to 7.0%, p-value: 0.286).

Conclusions:  The effect of badges at Biostatistics was a 7.6% increase in the data sharing rate, 5 times less than the effect of badges at Psychological Science.  Though badges at Biostatistics did not impact code sharing, and had a moderate effect on data sharing, badges are an interesting step that journals are taking to incentivise and promote reproducible research.
Defining “FGF21 Resistance” during obesity: Controversy, criteria and unresolved questions
Authors: Markan Kathleen R.
Published: March 2018

The term “FGF21 resistance” was first used to describe increased circulating FGF21 levels concomitant to decreased FGF21 receptor complex expression in white adipose tissue of obese mice.  Since this initial report, the term has been associated with a wide range of pathological states, including human obesity, in which circulating FGF21 levels are elevated. However, the notion of “FGF21 resistance” has been controversial partly due to difficulty in delineating the mechanisms underlying the physiological versus pharmacological effects of FGF21.  Here, key aspects of the term “FGF21 resistance” are discussed including; the origin and experimental context surrounding the term “FGF21 resistance”, new criteria for evaluating FGF21 sensitivity in vivo and finally, crucial unresolved questions regarding the function of FGF21 during obesity.
ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS IN THE GENERAL PHYSICIAN PRACTICE
Authors: Круглякова Людмила , Kruglyakova Lyudmila , Кругляков Сергей , Kruglyakov Sergey
Published: March 2018

Last years are marked by the increased number of cases of extra pulmonary localizations of tubercular process that are proved by the numerous publications. The diagnostics of these forms of tuberculosis is not easy because it requires a detailed examination of the patient. Cases of abdominal tuberculosis are among them. The article contains the data of modern medical literature on extra pulmonary forms of tuberculosis and information of clinical cases of posthumous diagnostics of tuberculosis of serous membranes of abdominal cavity and lungs.
INFORMATIVENESS OF IMPULSE OSCILLOMETRY IN THE DETECTION OF RESTRICTIVE TYPE VENTILATION DISORDERS
Authors: Савушкина Ольга , Savushkina Olga , Черняк Александр , Chernyak Aleksandr , Каменева Марина , Kameneva Marina , Крюков Евгений , Kryukov E. , Зайцев Андрей , Zaytsev Andrey
Published: March 2018

At present, there are a number of problems associated with the diagnosis of restrictive type of ventilation disorders: first, to identify restriction, it is necessary to perform body plethysmography, which is a laborious technique and requires the active cooperation of the patient with medical personnel; secondly, methodological issues that concern the criteria for the diagnosis of restriction are still under development. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a non-invasive and effortless technique for the patient to identify ventilation disorders, especially obstructive ones. In order to assess the informative value of IOS in the diagnosis of the restrictive ventilation disorders, respiratory impedance and its parameters were measured in 82 patients with various bronchopulmonary pathologies. The restriction was established on the basis of spirometric and bodyplethysmography studies. The results showed that IOS is a low-sensitivity method for detecting the restrictive type of ventilation disorders with mild reduced total lung capacity (TLC≥70%pred.), since in this case, the basic parameters of the IOS, such as the resistive component of the respiratory impedance (Rrs) at 5 and 20 Hz (Rrs5 and Rrs20, respectively), as well as the reactive component of the respiratory impedance at 5 Hz (Xrs5) remain within the normal values. When TLC was less than 70%pred., there was a decrease of Xrs5 with an increase in the resonance frequency and the preservation of the normal values of Rrs5 and Rrs20. The abnormal absolute frequency dependence of Rrs was determined at any degree of change in the TLC, increasing as it decreased.
NEW ASPECTS OF ERADICATIVE ANTI-HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GASTRODUODENAL DISORDERS
Authors: Мартынюк Марина , Martynuk Marina , Федорченко Юрий , Fedorchenko Yuri
Published: March 2018

The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of different regimens of anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy and their influence on the small intestinal overgrowth syndrome (SIBOS) in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic gastroduodenal disorders. For this purpose an open comparative randomized study was performed in 138 type 2 diabetic patients with chronic gastroduodenal disorders, aged 54.4±5.2 on average. Gastroduodenal pathology was confirmed by gastroduodenoscopy, the H.pylori contamination by use of the unease method or finding bacterial antigen in excrements. The SIBOS was recognized by a respiratory hydrogen method with lactulose. Depending on the type of anti-H.pylori regimen all the patients were divided into 3 groups. Optimization 14-days triple therapy by use of Rabeprazol instead of Omeprazol was found to be effective with 80.6% of H.pylori eradication. Addition of both vismuth and probiotic resulted in increased eradication up to 94.1%, while the optimized triple regimen with Metronidazol and probiotic (intensified combined therapy) proved to be the most effective (97.2%) in H.pylori eradication. All 3 regimens of anti-H.pylori therapy resulted in the decreased number of SIBOS cases, but the best results in comparison with the initial data were obtained in the groups on the triple optimized and intensive combined therapy – up to 60 and 78.3%, respectively. The positive influence of anti-H.pylori therapy on SIBOS seen in the study allows the authors to propose one more indication for anti-H.pylori therapy.
STRESSING LUNG OF RATS AS AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION AND HYPEREMIA
Authors: Зиновьев Сергей , Zinovev Sergey , Целуйко Сергей , Tseluyko Sergey , Селивёрстов Сергей , Seliverstov Sergey , Горбунов Михаил , Gorbunov Mikhail
Published: March 2018

A review of the literature is devoted to the peculiarities of the lung structure of white rats. Morphological features of rat lungs are an experimental model in the case of the study of the development of left ventricular pulmonary hypertension. Rats have the features of the lungs structure, which differ from the lungs of man. The construction of blood vessels of the rat lungs should be studied in the case of a stressor lung. Peculiarities of innervation of the pulmonary veins of rats in the root of the lung make the left lung of rats an object of study necessary for solving the problems of modern pulmonology, cardiology and morphology. In the anatomical study, the root of the diaphragmatic lobe is located in the caudal sulcus of the left lung. In studying the features of the sintopia and holotopia of the root and gates of the left lung of sexually mature rats, the structural apparatus of the caudal sulcus is discovered, which is located for more than 11-17 mm on the medial surface of the diaphragmatic lobe of the left lung. The structural apparatus consists of the left caudal pulmonary vein, furrows on the surface of the diaphragmatic lobe of the left lung, the adventitial shell of the caudal bronchus, the visceral pleura, the bronchial nerves and blood vessels, the encapsulated receptors. The presence of cardiomyocytes in the intrapulmonary veins in rats confirms the hypothesis of a rhythmic, valve-like action of the transverse striated muscle of the pulmonary venous wall during systole and a possible role in pulmonary circulation. Data obtained through experimental intervention indicate the valve-like effect of the striated muscle of the pulmonary venous wall.
Medicines optimisation in patients with long-term conditions
Authors: Burton-shepherd Alison
Published: March 2018

Medicines optimisation is an important part of nursing and midwifery practice. It includes the administration of medicines, prescribing and supporting people to take their medicines correctly. There are four guiding principles that underpin medicines optimisation. These are; aiming to understand the patient experience, ensuring an evidenced-based choice of medicines; ensuring medicine use is as safe as possible, and making medicines optimisation part of routine practice. Moreover, it is also important that the practice of medicines optimisation seeks to ensure balanced shared decision-making, combined with the ethical principles of beneficence and non-maleficence.

About 15 million people in the UK have been diagnosed with one or more long-term conditions which are managed by taking one or more medicines. As the population ages the amount of people with multiple long-term conditions are set to rise.

Given the financial challenges facing the NHS, it is understandable that clinicians will focus on prescribing budgets and the cost of medicines. However, while this is important, medicines optimisation is more likely to be successful if the focus shifts to how the patients manage medicines themselves. This article will explore the concept of medicines optimisation in long-term conditions providing practical guidance to assist nurses to improve their own practice.
Las fiestas cívicas del Trienio Progresista (1840-1843): progresistas enfrentados y desafío a la Regencia
Authors: Roca Vernet Jordi
Published: March 2018

Esta investigación, a través del análisis de las fiestas políticas del Trienio Progresista (1840-1843), demostrará que en este periodo se formuló una alternativa liberal progresista radical que desafió al progresismo de los notables y a la monarquía. Las fiestas políticas o cívicas desplegaron un universo simbólico que no era compartido por los grupos de notables progresistas de la cámara parlamentaria, y revelaron un modelo político ampliamente participativo, socialmente reformista e inconformista con la capacidad política de la monarquía. Las fiestas cívicas se convirtieron en una rememoración permanente del insurreccionalismo frente a los gobiernos liberales moderados, lo que significó deslegitimar al régimen liberal monárquico y alejó la representatividad nacional de la práctica parlamentaria, reforzando la descentralización de la representación nacional en el marco local y provincial. El modelo progresista radical cuestionaba la centralidad de la monarquía en la configuración de la nación y reivindicaba el liderazgo municipal y provincial para definir la nación y vertebrar el régimen liberal, yendo más allá de la formulación del constitucionalismo gaditano.
Nota de la Dirección
Authors: Alonso Olea Eduardo José
Published: March 2018

La revista Historia Contemporánea comenzó su andadura en 1988, por lo tanto este año 2018 cumple 30 años de existencia. A lo largo de este periodo, hemos realizado diversos cambios al hilo de la profunda transformación que ha experimentado el mundo de las publicaciones científicas en España. Ahora, coincidiendo con este aniversario añadimos varias novedades.Primera, el cambio en la dirección. Tras los primeros años fundacionales dirigida por Manuel Tuñón de Lara (1988-1996), durante los últimos veinte años, entre 1997 y 2017, ha sido Manuel González Portilla quien ha estado al frente de la revista. En este momento deja la responsabilidad en manos del equipo directivo actual. Concretamente, José María Beascoechea ocupará el puesto de director y Eduardo J. Alonso Olea el de editor.En segundo lugar, con el fin de atender a la creciente demanda de la comunidad académica, desde este 2018 adoptamos una periodicidad cuatrimestral, con tres números anuales: febrero, junio y octubre. Asimismo, pretendemos que este cambio agilice el proceso editorial y permita atender mejor a nuestros autores y lectores.Finalmente, con este número la revista comienza a publicar un primer texto en inglés. Esperamos que se convierta en una práctica cada vez más habitual a partir de ahora.
MATLIT v.5
Authors: Barber John F.
Published: March 2018

To demonstrate through listening the aesthetic concept and practices described in my text essay, "Vox Media: Sound, 'under language,' and 'narrative archaeology' in/as Literature" also submitted for this special issue*. Recombining / reconceptualizing sound artifacts promotes broader opportunities for conceptualizing and creating literary artifacts characterized by audibility of text, sound as text and meaning, and heightened awareness of the author's/speaker's voice(s) in the text. Tensions produced by these combinations may help foreground conceptualizations and practices regarding sound-based texts. Specifically, these combinations of technologies and performances may help challenge the past invisibility of voice in literature and promote future digital media and textuality theory and practices more rewarding than simulacra, description, or transcription. Vox Media. Sound in/as literature. From something comes something more: electronic literature as sound-based narrative composed from sound poetry, text-sound composition, and/or sound art.

 

*Editor's Note: Available here http://impactum-journals.uc.pt/matlit/article/view/3777/4162
Intervenciones sobre poesía, música y sonido: Martín Bakero, Pía Sommer, Felipe Cussen, Federico Eisner y Fernando Pérez
Authors: Cussen Felipe
Published: March 2018

Los primeros días de septiembre de 2016 se llevó a cabo la 2ª edición del Festival PM de Poesía y Música. Además de los numerosos conciertos y exhibiciones de videos, se realizaron los diálogos “Voces ilegibles”, con Pía Sommer y Martín Bakero, en el Instituto de Estudios Avanzados de la Universidad de Santiago de Chile, y “Poesía y música en contrapunto", con Pía Sommer, Federico Eisner, Felipe Cussen y Fernando Pérez, en la Universidad Alberto Hurtado. A continuación sigue una selección de las intervenciones de estos artistas sonoros, poetas, músicos e investigadores.
INTIMA MENTE
Authors: Monteiro Alfredo Costa
Published: March 2018

A estrutura de íntima mente obedece a uma lógica não só fonética mas também semântica. As palavras são utilizadas pelas suas caraterísticas e similitudes sonoras e pelas suas possibilidades polissémicas.

Assim, o texto vai evoluindo não só por um método de construção que tem que ver com o poético, mas sobretudo por uma organização sonora feita de jogos de palavras, de assonâncias, consonâncias ou aliterações. É o som a apoderar-se do sentido.

Este método que busca a palavra dentro da própria palavra leva também a vestígios de narração que, neste caso, falam do que está oculto por detrás da linguagem, do que diz o que não sempre se ouve, do que às vezes emerge do que pensamos ser.

Uma voz solta lá por dentro da própria voz.

Todos os sons utilizados  são o resultado de manipulações sonoras de três parâmetros: distorção, tom e reverberação, a partir da voz principal.
A Cooperação Entre Redes de Pequenas Empresas: Antecedentes, Etapas e Resultados da Estratégia de Intercooperação
Authors: De Carvalho Jorgete Freire , Wegner Douglas , Begnis Heron Sergio Moreira , Antunes Júnior José Antônio Valle
Published: March 2018

A formação de redes interorganizacionais pode ser considerada a primeira onda da cooperação entre pequenas empresas. Recentemente, novo movimento vem tomando forma, por meio de estratégias de intercooperação como parcerias e alianças entre redes de empresas. Com base nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os antecedentes, etapas de desenvolvimento e os resultados da formação de uma parceria entre redes de empresas, usando como base a Teoria da Dependência de Recursos. Realizou-se um estudo de caso único com uma rede de supermercados formada a partir da cooperação de oito outras redes, no Estado do Ceará. As evidências apontam para três antecedentes que explicam a opção pela estratégia de intercooperação e quatro principais resultados alcançados por meio dessa estratégia. Além disso, o caso estudado revelou as etapas seguidas pelas redes para implementar a estratégia de intercooperação: identificação e seleção de parceiros, alinhamento de interesses e estabelecimento de compromissos, articulação de estratégia para integração do grupo e a implementação de ajustes e adequações. O estudo contribui para a teoria ao demonstrar como a intercooperação reduz a dependência de recursos das redes de pequenas empresas. Do ponto de vista gerencial, o estudo oferece insights sobre como redes interessadas em cooperar com outras redes podem implementar essa estratégia de consolidação.
Personal hygiene and taking into account the preventive measures and safety among healthcare providers
Authors: Ali Ghona Abd El-Nasser , Mohamed Nadia , Y. Mahdy Abeer
Published: March 2018

Negligence of personal hygiene and safety practices among healthcare personnel is not only a major risk factor in the spread of infection, but is in many instances an abuse of human rights.Aim: the study aim was to assess the personal hygiene and taking into account the preventive measures and safety among healthcare providers.Tools: An interview questionnaire sheet and personal hygiene and vaccination status.Subject and methods: A descriptive design was used in the current study and all available doctors, nurses and housekeeper in the days of data collection.Results: It was found that the majority of physicians (76.2%) were holders of a bachelor degree of medicine, while the majority of nurses were holders of a diploma /technical of nursing and the majority of housekeepers were holders of a basic education. There were highly statistical significant differences based on study groups, profession, and qualifications.Conclusion: The adherence of the majority of healthcare provider with personal hygiene and safety measures were ranged from poor to fair. There was a relationship between availability of protective equipments barrier and personal hygiene practices and safety measures. Recommendations: A significant efforts are needed to enhance universal precaution compliance among caregivers includes training, strict supervision with disciplinary measures for poor compliance with improve the facilities available and equipments for personal hygiene and safety.
Interval Estimation of Quantile Difference in the Two-Parameter Exponential Distributions
Authors: Baklizi Ayman
Published: March 2018

We consider the interval estimation of the difference between the quantiles of two random variables with independent two-parameter exponential distributions based on Type II censored data. We derive asymptotic intervals based on the likelihood function, Bayesian intervals, as well as intervals based on the generalized pivot variable. We include some bootstrap intervals in our comparisons. The performance of the intervals is investigated in terms of their coverage probabilities and expected lengths using simulation techniques. An illustrative example is given.
Effect of Nitriding on Antibacterial Performance of 8Cr17 and 4Cr13 Martensitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Li Jianfang , He Xiaojing , Zhang Guannan , Zhang Xiangyu , Tang Bin
Published: March 2018

Martensitic stainless steel is widely used for medical apparatus, but it can carry a large number of bacteria and cause a potential risk of infection because it has no antimicrobial ability. In this paper, nitriding of 4Cr13 and 8Cr17 martensitic stainless steel was conducted to improve the antibacterial activity. The surface morphology and phase constituents of nitrided 4Cr13 and 8Cr17 specimens were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Nitrogen concentration profiles in the cross sections of the nitrided specimens were obtained by glow discharge spectroscopy. The antibacterial properties of this nitrided layer were evaluated by a plate-counting method. The antimicrobial ratios of nitrided 4Cr13 and 8Cr17 martensite stainless steel against Staphylococcus aureus were 98.13 % and 99.22 %, respectively, after 12 h. The results showed that the formations of chromium nitride (CrN) and two iron nitrides (Fe3N and Fe4N) are of vital importance to the antibacterial properties of martensitic stainless steel.
El cambio y la continuidad en las campañas presidenciales del Partido Revolucionario Institucional en México
Authors: Díaz Jiménez Oniel Francisco
Published: March 2018

Este artículo se centra en un aspecto comparativamente poco estudiado de la literatura sobre comunicación política en México relativo al análisis de los cambios significativos en la organización, las tácticas y las estrategias de campaña del Partido Revolucionario Institucional en elecciones presidenciales (denominados usualmente como profesionalización de las campañas) que han ocurrido durante las últimas dos décadas, y explora sus causas. El estudio muestra que la profesionalización e hibridación de las campañas del PRI no sólo dependió de cambios estructurales a gran escala en el sistema político y en el sistema de medios de comunicación durante los noventas, sino también de los recursos y las características organizativas del partido (factores específicos al partido).
El joven Raúl Porras Barrenechea y su estudio sobre José Joaquín Larriva
Authors: Casalino Sen Carlota Alicia
Published: March 2018

En este artículo se analiza el estudio que Raúl Porras Barrenechea realizó a la obra de José Joaquín Larriva en el marco del Conversatorio con jóvenes de la generación del Centenario para conmemorar los primeros cien años de la Independencia.
De la persistencia al olvido. La impronta constitucional gaditana en el Perú del siglo XIX
Authors: Peralta Ruiz Víctor
Published: March 2018

El artículo propone como hipótesis la persistencia de los principios doctrinarios (liberales y conservadores) de la constitución de Cádiz en la codificación legislativa peruana del siglo XIX. Esta propuesta se probará a través de la vigencia de tres de los preceptos más significativos de la carta política doceañista: el voto de los analfabetos indígenas; la elección indirecta de los ayuntamientos provinciales y la protección estatal de la religión católica. A lo largo de este texto se hace un recorrido por las constituciones promulgadas entre 1823 y 1860, así como a la literatura política de la época, para comprobar el accidentado proceso de vigencia y de supresiones definitivas de estos tres preceptos.
El estudio de los marcadores del discurso en griego antiguo: problemas y perspectivas
Authors: Verano Rodrigo
Published: March 2018

El marcador discursivo es un concepto de gran vitalidad en la lingüística moderna y este artículo aboga por la inclusión del griego antiguo en el debate e investigación sobre estas unidades. Se trata, además, de un concepto más amplio que el tradicional de partícula, cuya aplicación a la lingüística griega puede arrojar luz sobre la naturaleza y funcionamiento de esta, así como de otros fenómenos discursivos. Con ese propósito, se abordan aquí algunos de los problemas categoriales de la clase de los marcadores (en cuanto a su forma, sintaxis, semántica, etc.) y se contextualizan en la casuística particular del griego antiguo. Por último, se ofrece un resumen de las principales líneas de investigación que están en marcha.
El pretérito perfecto compuesto en el español andino peruano: usos innovadores y extensión a contextos de aoristo
Authors: García Tesoro Ana Isabel , Jang Ji Son
Published: March 2018

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los valores del pretérito perfecto compuesto (PPC) en el español andino peruano. El estudio se basa en un corpus oral formado por 28 entrevistas de 30 a 60 minutos de duración, recopilado en la ciudad de Cuzco y en el distrito de Chinchero. El foco de nuestro estudio se centra en la extensión del PPC a ámbitos de pasado perfectivo que no tienen conexión con el presente, esto es, en contextos del pretérito perfecto simple (PPS), así como en la identificación de sus valores evidenciales y discursivos del PPC en el corpus. Planteamos la hipótesis de que la adquisición de estos nuevos valores del PPC está motivada por el contacto con el quechua, que se constituye como un disparador del cambio lingüístico y acelera su evolución en el proceso de la gramaticalización de las formas de perfecto hacia la evidencialidad.
Value of the eazyplex® CSF direct assay in rapid diagnosis of invasive meningococcal disease – Case report
Authors: Karrasch Matthias , Eisenach Sven , Vogel Ulrich , Zinke Jan , Witte Otto W. , Günther Albrecht , Romeike Bernd , Rödel Jürgen
Published: March 2018

There is a need for easy-to-use molecular assays for diagnosis of invasive meningococcal disease. Here, we report the rapid identification of Neisseria meningitidis in a cerebrospinal fluid sample from a patient with purulent meningitis using a commercially available loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, resulting in a prompt de-escalation of the initial empiric antibiotic therapy.
Arçura/Şüräle: Mythical Spirits of the Volga-Ural Forests
Authors: Sulteev Rustem
Published: March 2018

Folk beliefs, which have their source in history, culture and geography, are among the most significant factors determining the identity and characteristic features of a people. In Tatar and Chuvash folk literature myths about mythological beings are often stories written in prose, describing supernatural creatures and spirits. These stories describe “encounters” between humans on the one hand and various mythological creatures, on the other. Among these Arçura/Şüräle is a Forest Spirit which has a very significant role in folk narratives of not only the Tatars and the Chuvash, but widely in the folk culture of other Volga-Ural peoples. These mythological beliefs help people of the Volga-Ural region perceive themselves as a part of the universe. In this paper, the etymology of the word Arçura/Şüräle is investigated; then its characteristics and its comparison with some other neighbouring Volga-Ural Finno-Ugrian and shamanic Turkic-Mongol spirits are examined.
Some “Major” trends in Aśoka’s Minor Rock Edicts
Authors: Gaál Balázs , Tóth Ibolya
Published: March 2018

It is commonly held among scholars that Aśoka’s Minor Rock Edicts were the king’s first attempts at engraving his messages on stone, and as such, they represent the earliest evidence for writing in India. While this may be true, it has not been duly emphasised that the text of the Minor Rock Edicts, in several versions as we have it, shows considerable traces of influence by the Major Rock Edicts and Pillar Edicts. Particular instances for such an influence in the text are the intrusion of the key term dhaṃma or the use of a general formulaic language characteristic of the later edicts. In our discussion, we wish to bring out some of these “Major” trends in the Minor Rock Edicts, making proposals for new interpretations and reading in Minor Rock Edicts I and II. On a similar basis, we will propose placing the Greco-Aramaic edict from Kandahar in the context of the Minor Rock Edicts, and try to account for the elements which may be derived from the Major Rock Edicts by the same scribal procedure as can be supposed to have been at work in formulating the text of the Minor Rock Edicts.
Molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from Libyan and Syrian patients with war injuries in two Bundeswehr hospitals in Germany
Authors: Frickmann Hagen , Köller Thomas , Hagen Ralf Matthias , Ebert Klaus-Peter , Müller Martin , Wenzel Werner , Gatzer Renate , Schotte Ulrich , Binder Alfred , Skusa Romy , Warnke Philipp , Podbielski Andreas , Rückert Christian , Kreikemeyer Bernd
Published: March 2018

Introduction: We assessed the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant bacteria colonizing or infecting war-injured patients from Libya and Syria who were treated at the Bundeswehr hospitals Hamburg and Westerstede, Germany.

Methods: Enterobacteriaceae and Gram-negative rod-shaped nonfermentative bacteria with resistance against third-generation methoxyimino cephalosporins or carbapenems as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from war-injured patients from Libya and Syria were assessed by molecular typing, i.e., spa typing for MRSA strains and rep-PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) for Gram-negative isolates.

Results: A total of 66 isolates were assessed – comprising 44 Enterobacteriaceae, 16 nonfermentative rod-shaped bacteria, and 6 MRSA from 22 patients – and 8 strains from an assessment of the patient environment comprising 5 Enterobacteriaceae and 3 nonfermentative rod-shaped bacteria. Although 24 out of 66 patient strains were isolated more than 3 days after hospital admission, molecular typing suggested only 7 likely transmission events in the hospitals. Identified clonal clusters primarily suggested transmission events in the country of origin or during the medical evacuation flights.

Conclusions: Nosocomial transmissions in hospital can be efficiently prevented by hygiene precautions in spite of heavy colonization. Transmission prior to hospital admission like on evacuation flights or in crises zones needs further assessment.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP IKLIM SEKOLAH DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PADA SISWA MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH SARONGGE SUMEDANG
Authors: Rohmah Siti , Ruzhendi Alfin , Nurulhaq Dadan
Published: March 2018

Students whom felt that school environment was conducive and according to his/her needs and motivation will have positive image and perception towards their school. This positive perception could be seen that students felt that schooling environment will have full support for their learning progress while following all academic and learning activities at their school have major impact on their progress also—both of which would given great contribution on their participation in learning activities—while also helped them to be more focused and more disciplined. An implementation of fairness on rules, award and punishment were also contributed to the feeling that students felt that they were also part of their school and increasing their sense of belongings to their community—which then would lead and motivate them more to achieve higher achievement both inside and outside of school environment.Sample population in this research are students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Sarongge which consisted of 70 students—which would then made this research as a population research since in this case the research was conducted on a large scope of areas with all the subjects were made as samples. Statistic technique used in this research to manipulate and process data acquired from data gathering is a Spearman Rank’s Correlation. As from this research concluded, we could see that there is a 0.535 correlation between students perception towards schooling environment with learning motivation. Furthermore, we could also find out a positive correlation between academic emphasize aspect and expectation of success with learning motivation—which means that the higher perception those students had, the higher learning motivation built up inside them which would then resulted in higher expectation of success both from school authority and themselves.
STUDI KORELASI WPT ( WONDERLIC PERSONNEL TEST ) DAN IST ( INTELLIGENZ STRUCTUR TEST )
Authors: Kusdiyati Sulisworo
Published: March 2018

Psychological testing in high school, university and assessment of new employee were used in order to ease stakeholder for sorting and placement purpose. These tests generally include intellectual capability, personality test and performance test. There are numerous tests that can be used for this purpose and some of them quite popular among many assessor such as IST-70 and WPT. However it is known that the intelligence score as result from IST-70 and WPT were quite different. IQ score from WPT generally resulted 1-5 point lower from IST. The question now is which is from both test that considered as a valid result? This research was conducted in purpose of gathering empirical data regarding s-factor and g-factor in IST, correlation element between WPT and IST, and last differences between both tests. Thus, this research can be considered as correlation research. The assumption used in this research are (1) correlation between subtest in IST, (2) subtest in IST with WPT;(3) IQ score result with WPT and IST; and (4) differences between of IQ score resulted by WPT and IST. It was then concluded that IST measure s-factor and g-factor while WPT only measure g-factor.
GANGGUAN PSIKOSOMATIK DAN PSIKOFISIOLOGIS (ANOREXIA NERVOSA, ENURESIS, ASHMA)
Authors: Yenawati Sri
Published: March 2018

Since many centuries ago, psychological factors were considered as an important aspect in treatment of many disease that incurred on human life. Body and mind relation are a very interesting object study for many centuries for many people. Polemics, researches and opinions were aroused time to time—either about its own existence, function and dichotomy between physical and psychological nature of human being. This research emphasizes on dichotomy of physical and psychological nature of human which then resulted in many problems both physical and psychological. In this paper we try to describe some medical disease that occurred in many situations and considered—generally—caused by psychological aspect, including case example, prevention methods, treatment and many other.
CITRA MANUSIA DARI FILSAFAT PSIKOLOGI KE FILSAFAT ANTROPOLOGI
Authors: Ja'far Suhermanto
Published: March 2018

According to existentialism and Iqbal, this writing is focused on human image. Human image (personality or ego) is as a charity. Iqbal’s philosophy of anthropology related to human concept and it focused on ego that is known as khudi.  According to Iqbal,  human ego is top of human perfection . He says also life is individual. So that, Iqbal gives the concept that human is as Khudi in which the human condition is difficult to definite because of the differences one each others.
APLIKASI RASIONAL EMOTIF TERAPI DALAM MEMPERBAIKI PERILAKU MEMBOLOS SISWA
Authors: Syafei Isop
Published: March 2018

Today, education face many kind of problems that indicate student maladjustment behavior. All sorts of students maladjustment behavior stretch from the lower level to the higher level. For example; cut class, engage in the gang fight, hold-up, free sex and consume the narcotics. Counseling is the process of connection between counselor and counselee that help the counselee solve the problem to find the behavior that conform the rule of the society. Albert Ellis sparked the theory of rational emotive therapy that give the assumption that human had brought the potential to think rationally, honest, and think irrationally and bad. Human has two tendencies, they are positive and negative tendencies.The rational emotive therapy using ABCD analysis can help the counselor to understand the client’s problem holistically.
PENDIDIKAN KONTRUKTIVISTIK DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KEBERBAKATAN ANAK
Authors: Jaenudin Ujam
Published: March 2018

Theoretically, the constructive theory uses the cognitive theory as supposition. The constructive theory explains that knowledge is set and  developed because of interaction between individual and its environment. Therefore, knowledge is not a unit in constructive frame. Knowledge is interaction between individual and its environment that has objective and subjective component. The constructive learning in developing talented child can be based to increase new knowledge. The talented child in constructive frame enable to adapt the information or knowledge learned by the teacher.