bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitation Counselor and Supervisor Perceptions of Counselor Training Needs and Continuing Education
Authors: Freeman Jeanne Boland
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether rehabilitation counselors and supervisors had different perceptions of (a) knowledge areas important for rehabilitation counselors, (b) the continuing education needs of rehabilitation counselors, and (c) the preferred methods of providing continuing education for rehabilitation counselors. This study also measured the differential effects of education, sex, and age on the selected knowledge areas, defined needs, and preferred training methods. A Training Needs Survey was administered to all of the counselors and supervisors in three western states. The main finding was that more differences were obtained when counselors were compared by state, than by education, age, or sex. More similarities were found between counselors and supervisors than differences on the important knowledge areas and training needs, however supervisors felt case recording, knowledge of state/federal regulations and case management were more important training needs than did the counselors. Overall, the workshop/seminar was the preferred method of inservice training.
The Case for an Independent Association of Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Rasch John D.
Published: June 2019

This paper outlines the case for the merger of the National Rehabilitation Counseling Association and American Rehabilitation Counseling Association into a new and independent association of rehabilitation counselors. It is argued that rehabilitation counseling is at a stage in its development where an independent association with divisional affiliates is needed. Such an organization would eliminate any confusion, duplication, or unnecessary financial burdens resulting from the current dichotomy of professional associations, and would facilitate greater unity and membership in the profession.
Correlates and Predictors of Absenteeism Among Sheltered Workshop Employees
Authors: Kurz Frederick W.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the study was to examine how some factors strongly related to absenteeism in competitive employment are related to absenteeism in sheltered workshop settings. A secondary aspect was to estimate the best predictor(s) of absenteeism from the independent variables studied. Results showed inverse correlations between absenteeism and each of the variables of general job satisfaction, estrinsic job satisfaction, intrinsic job satisfaction, and perceived vocational opportunity. The combination of the variables of supervision-human, responsibility, activity, supervision-technical, sex, and security emerged as the best predictors of absenteeism.
Narcolepsy: The Not So Gentle Tyrant
Authors: McMahon Brian T. , Walsh James K.
Published: June 2019

Toward the objective of increasing the awareness of rehabilitationists, a severe and prevalent disability which is poorly understood is described. Narcolepsy is explained in terms of salient medical, psychological, social, educational, and vocational considerations. Finally, the implications for rehabilitation intervention are discussed.
The Labor Force Participation of Handicapped Women: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Hollingsworth David , Harris Robert
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation is charged with the restoration of people who have or suffer handicapping conditions which sufficiently impair their ability to perform in the labor force market or to lead an independent life. Traditional research efforts have been focused upon the overall effect of rehabilitation efforts. This study investigates the impact of one's socioeconomic status as well as the person's locus of control and severity of their limitations have on their level of participation in the labor force. Correlational and chi-square (contingency) analyses are used to describe and test the strength of any relationships.
The Functional Assessment Profile: A Rehabilitation Model
Authors: Marsh Susan K. , Konar Valerie , Langton Maryanne S. , LaRue Alfred J.
Published: June 2019

In 1976 the Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission convened a group to study the subject of functional limitations. That study group produced a rehabilitation model for functional assessment entitled the Functional Assessment Profile (F.A.P.). The 10 functional areas used for assessment and the concept of compensation are presented. The benefits of utilizing this approach when determining a client's eligibility, developing an I.W.R.P. and providing guidance and counseling services are reviewed. Alternate ways the F.A.P. can be used by counselors are discussed.
The Impact of Public Assistance on the Rehabilitation Process of Handicapped Women
Authors: Hollingsworth David K. , Pease Lesley A.
Published: June 2019

Public Assistance has been described as a free lunch for the service recipient. However, nothing can be further from the fact. Transfer dollars operateas a strong vocational disincentive, not by destroying the will or desire to work, but more by adding to the environmental barriers of seeking gainful employment. This current study investigates the impact of transfer income upon the work behavior of handicapped women. Correlational analysis, contingency (chi-square) analysis and Analysis of Variance were used to test the strength and direction of the relationships between work behavior and disability, family size, educational attainment, and transfer income from various sources.
Potential Conflicts of Interest in Private Rehabilitation: Identification and Resolution
Authors: Matkin Ralph E. , May V. Robert
Published: June 2019

The potential for conflicts of interest to arise in the private for-profit rehabilitation sector has been a major concern among professionals in the field for a number of years. Central to the issue have been factors such as the strong profit motive, the diversity of background and qualification levels among private practitioners, and the lack of regulations to govern the activities of the private rehabilitation sector. As the field of rehabilitation continues to strive toward attaining professional status, efforts by the private sector to reduce potential conflicts of interest are necessary. Development of enforceable ethical codes, enhanced professional authority, and the use of program evaluation are among the measures suggested to reduce potential conflicts of interest in the private sector.
The Certification Dilemma in Private Rehabilitation
Authors: Matkin Ralph E.
Published: June 2019

Accountability has become the watch-word among service delivery systems. Certification of rehabilitation practitioners has become a dilemma as increasing numbers of rehabilitation organizations seek to develop standards to enhance the credibility of their respective roles and functions. The private rehabilitation sector has become acutely aware of the need for accountability and is seeking to incorporate existing national standards, as well as provide input to the credentialing process by joining the Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification (CRCC). This article advocates the private rehabilitation sector's membership within CRCC, presents reasons for certification, and attempts to identify a process for consolidating certification efforts among various rehabilitation specialty areas.
An Idea-Generating Paradigm and Resources for the Practitioner/Researcher
Authors: Crimando William
Published: June 2019

This article presents an adaptation of a problem-finding process to generating ideas for rehabilitation counselors who would like to do research. It is preceded by a discourse on the merits and benefits of field-based research for the counselor and the profession, as well as the traditional barriers to research. The problem-finding process is a series of steps to be performed before the review of literature, and is aimed at lessening the time spent in review. Following the presentation of the process is a list of resources for overcoming the traditional barriers to field-based research.
Expressed Versus Tested Vocational Interests of Incarcerated and Non-Incarcerated Adolescents
Authors: Stewart William W. , Davis Paul D. , Wilson Russell C. , Porter Thomas
Published: June 2019

With the growth of self-awareness and expanding experience in the world, the adolescent's vocational interests become more stable. However, workers with incarcerated youth in Alabama reported their clients seemed to have a conflict between what they said they would like to do vocationally and their responses on vocational interest inventories.

In this study it was hypothesized there were no significant differences between the expressed and tested vocational interests of incarcerated and nonincarcerated adolescents. It was found that the two groups were equivalent with regard to sex, race, age, schooling completed, reading level, and intelligence. The incarcerated youth however, (significantly more often) showed conflict between their expressed and tested vocational interests. The null hypothesis was rejected.

Caution is advised when giving vocational guidance and counsel to incarcerated adolescents. Their stated vocational goals may be more impulsive than an accurate reflection of a stable self-awareness.
Beginning Rehabilitation Counselors' Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons
Authors: Martin William E. , Scalia Vincent A. , Gay Dennis A. , Wolfe Richard R.
Published: June 2019

The attitudes of beginning rehabilitation counselors toward disabled individuals in Federal Region VIII were studied using the Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons (ATDP) Scale, Form A as the criterion measure. The purpose of the study was to assess beginning counselors' attitudes, establish regional attitudinal norms and measure the effects of education and age upon their attitudes. Overall, the attitudes were positive and higher than A TDP-A norms. Contrary to previous studies, males expressed significantly more positive attitudes than females. Counselors with degrees in rehabilitation showed significantly more positive attitudes than those with degrees in other fields. Older beginning counselors reflected less positive attitudes than younger counselors. Additional research was recommended to further explain these findings.
Development and Psychometric Analysis of the Scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons
Authors: Antonak Richard F.
Published: June 2019

The Scale of Attitudes toward Disabled Persons (SADP) was developed as a contemporary, brief, easy to administer and score, and psychometrically sound instrument to provide a valid, reliable, and multidimensional measure of attitudes toward disabled persons as a group. The 24 item SADP provides a total score as well as three factorially derived subscale scores. Data are presented which indicate satisfactory item characteristics, reliability, and internal consistency for the total scale and subscales. Detailed analyses revealed the subscales to be homogeneous, specific, and reasonably independent. The results of several correlation analyses support the construct validity of the SADP, while a criterion-related validity coefficient of .54 was obtained with a reduced version of the Attitude Toward Disabled Persons (Amp) scale Form-O. Factorial congruence of the two scales support the use of the SADP as a measure of the . primary dimensions of attitude toward disabled persons, and for the investigation of questions concerning their formation, structure, correlates, and modification.
Employee Bias Associated with Cleft Lip/Palate
Authors: Scheuerle Jane , Guilford Arthur M. , Garcia Suzann
Published: June 2019

Persons with repaired congenital cleft lips and palates retain the distinguishing visible feature of a facial scar and may exhibit a speech difference of hypernasality. Rehabilitation of these individuals is long and costly between birth and eighteen years of age. However, the literature does not reflect programs which prepare these clients to succeed in employment interviews and in job acquisition. Neither is there evidence of efforts to inform employers of the potentials of persons who exhibit this handicap in facial appearance and in speech.

This research was designed to investigate employer bias in judging an employee with a cleft lip and palate with and without a speech disorder. Twenty-six business and professional men rated observable characteristics of a videotaped adult male speaker in the two conditions. Results indicate that employers respond negatively to both the cleft lip and to the disorder. When the two elements were combined, the judgments were more negative. Judges suggested nonpublic occupations for which the speaker could be successfully employed.
Relaxation Techniques in the Reduction of Pain, Nausea and Sleep Disturbances for Oncology Patients: A Primer for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Dolan John , Allen Harry A. , Sawyer Horace W.
Published: June 2019

It has been established that persons experiencing cancer also suffer such physical discomforts as pain, nausea and sleep disturbances. A primer in the use of two relaxation techniques -- deep muscle relaxation and cue controlled relaxation -- was presented as a means of offering the rehabilitation counselor working with cancer patients an easily taught, concrete means of administering aid to those clients.
Ailment Aegis
Authors: Hebert David J.
Published: June 2019

An argument is presented for viewing chronic illness and pain as a personalized attempt to master the stress of life. The concepts of individuation, negative identity, and illness behavior serve as the bases for viewing chronic illness and pain as protective armor, or ailment aegis. Historical and contemporary calls for viewing the patient as a person, and concern for psychosocial variables are reviewed.
A Model of Career Development for Disabled Adults
Authors: Navin Sally L. , Myers Jane E.
Published: June 2019

While the definitions of job placement constitute a broad range there is considerable agreement on the fact that it is an integral part of the rehabilitation process. This article extends the concept of placement to a theory of career counseling for disabled adults. A review of the history of placement in rehabilitation and a consideration of several theories of career counseling are offered. Following a discussion of a model of career development for disabled adults with components of self-understanding, self-acceptance including acceptance of disability, career exploration, career self-concept, career selection and career reevaluation, are implications for rehabilitation counselors.
Industrial Relations: A Service-Oriented Approach to Job Development
Authors: Garvin Richard E.
Published: June 2019

This paper reviews the industrial relations program of the Kentucky Bureau of Vocational Rehabilitation. This program represents a serviceoriented approach to job development. It is based on the premise that the primary goal of vocational rehabilitation is to get work-ready individuals with handicaps into appropriate employment. To achieve this goal, the backing and support of business and industry is needed. One effective means of obtaining and maintaining this support is through the provision of essential cost-free services to the business community.

This paper reviews the factors and assumptions that lead to the development of this program and discusses the cost-free consultant/educational and direct services offered to business and industry through the Industrial Relations Manager. Through this service-oriented program of job development, Kentucky Vocational Rehabilitation has been able to: (1) develop and maintain an excellent working relationship with business and industry across the state, (2) provide meaningful and cost-beneficial services that were not being provided by any other state agency or organization, (3) break-down many of the man-made barriers to successful employment of individuals with handicaps, (4) provide exceptional follow-along services, and (5) increase the rehabilitation success rate.
Placement: Rehabilitation's Asset to Industry
Authors: Walls Debra A.
Published: June 2019

With placement of disabled clients into competitive employment at the forefront of rehabilitation services, maximizing placement sources within the industrial setting is essential. Several barriers to employment are presented which challenge the vocational rehabilitation counselor. The importance of client training which will prepare a client for promotional opportunities is suggested for overcoming placement barriers. Finally, a systems-selling approach is investigated along with ways in which counselors can establish themselves as consultants with industry.
Rehabilitation Counseling With Deaf Clients
Authors: Danek Marita
Published: June 2019

Hearing impairment is one of the most prevalent disabling conditions in the United States. This article examines the functional limitations imposed by early profound deafness—the most severe form of hearing impairment. The psycho-social, educational and vocational implications of early profound deafness are presented with recommendations for rehabilitaiton practice.
Traumatic Head Injury: Implications for Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Lynch Ruth Torkelson
Published: June 2019

Traumatic head injury is a topic of growing concern for rehabilitation professionals. Between 30,000 and 50,000 individuals each year are left with disabilities severe enough to preclude a return to normal life following traumatic head injury. Approximately one-half of the head injuries are caused by motor vehicle accidents, the incidence among males is almost twice that among females, and males fifteen to twenty-four years of age incur more head injuries than any other age group. Brain damage following traumatic injury is typically diffuse. Therefore, a unique set of temporary or permanent limitations may be evident, encompassing physical, cognitive-intellectual, and/or personality-emotional functioning. Flexibility in rehabilitation planning is of key importance in considering the complexity of potential limitations and their changeable nature. Professional awareness and training, specialized services and programs, advocacy for program eligibility in established agencies and programs, and individualized assessment and counseling are part of the exciting rehabilitation challenge in returning the head injured to productive lives.
Rehabilitation and Learning, Disabilities: A New Challenge for Counselors
Authors: Witten Barbara J.
Published: June 2019

The involvement of rehabilitation with people with specific learning disabilities is overviewed. Definitions of learning disabilities and a framework for understanding learning disabilities are presented. Manifestations of specific learning disabilities are described, with implications and potential remediation strategies for jobs and daily living activities. Impact of learning disabilities on psychological and social development are discussed. Specific counseling strategies and resources for counselors are presented.
An Exploratory Investigation of the Information Desired by Employers When Hiring People with Disabilities
Authors: Cole Joyce Couch , Bragman Ruth
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the type and source of information 17 potential employers of the disabled desired concerning the specific disabling conditions and/or individuals. The appropriate timing for supplying this information was also explored. Discussion focuses on how the employers' desire for additional information effects the roles of rehabilitation counselors and other professionals in the successful placement of the disabled.
Vocational Exploration and Job Search Activities In a Group Setting
Authors: Garvin Richard E.
Published: June 2019

One of the major steps in the rehabilitation process is the selection of an appropriate vocational objective by the individual. In order to make a realistic decision it is important that these individuals have a thorough understanding of their vocational functional capabilities, be given the opportunity to explore job alternatives of interest, and have the opportunity to compare their functional capabilities with the job requirements of possible vocational alternatives. The intent of this article is to examine a thorough and time effective group method for assisting individuals with this major step in the rehabilitation process. This program of providing vocational exploration services and job search/job matching activities in a group setting has proven to be of significant value to those clients involved as well as to the counseling staff.
Adaptation to Disability by the Wives of Spinal Cord Males - A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Vargo Frances A.
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the process of adaptation to physical disability by the spouses of the disabled. Ten women, whose husbands had become spinal cord injured after their marriage, were interviewed using an open-ended questionnaire format. Sixteen major themes emerged from the content analysis of the interviews, which was performed using the phenomenological methods of Giorgi (1975) and Collier and Kuiken (1977). Discussion focuses on three areas: (1) the major themes, (2) six factors identified as influencing the outcomes of the adaptation process, and (3) the changes experienced by the participants. These were examined and discussed so as to illuminate the need for services for the non-injured family members. Implications of the study for rehabilitation psychology are discussed and suggestions made for future research endeavors.
Research Utilization in Rehabilitation Counseling Practice
Authors: Hansen Geraldine
Published: June 2019

This article reviews research philosophies, activities, and directions that have been undertaken in, rehabilitation. Continued efforts to distribute, disseminate, and make research applicable to the daily routines of practitioners as well as managers are frustrating and not always successful. Various activities are discussed as ways to refurbish research dissemination efforts. The author concludes with suggestions for future rehabilitation research.
Attitudes Toward and Performance Evaluations of Workers with Disabilities
Authors: Smith Cheryl H. , Edwards Jack E. , Heinemann Allen W. , Geist Chrisann
Published: June 2019

The attitudes held by 60 students and 60 managers toward four hypothetical secretaries were investigated. Performance evaluations of the secretaries were completed also. Though women raters and raters who had worked with or supervised workers with disabilities reported more positive attitudes toward persons with diSabilities, no difference was found between evaluations of workers with and without disabilities. A social psychological model for changing racial stereotypes was modified and extended to include conditions necessary for changing stereotypes toward workers with disabilities.
Construct Validation of the Scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons
Authors: Antonak Richard F.
Published: June 2019

Two investigations of the construct validity of the Scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons (SADP) showed that: (a) scores on the SADP are not influenced by the response bias factor of social desirability, and (b) that the SADP appears to measure three domains of attitudes toward people who are disabled, with the first domain composed of three dimensions. The construct validity of the SADP is supported by these results.
Rehabilitation Case Management: An Empirical Investigation of Selected Rehabilitation Counselor Job Skills
Authors: Emener William G. , Spector Paul E.
Published: June 2019

This study describes the results of a national survey that focused on the (a) importance, (b) difficulty of learning, and (c) recommended learning modality of 30 rehabilitation counselor (RC) case management job skills. Subjects were 492 certified rehabilitation counselors who were listed in the Fall, 1983, Commission on Rehabilitation COUcnselor Certification roster. Factor analysis of items asking to what extent each skill was a part of aRC's job yielded sixfactors: Working with Clients, Planning, Working with Others on Clients' Behalf, Making Judgments, Working with Professionals, and Synthesizing and Processing Information. Most of the 30 skills were rated as approximately equivalent in difficulty of learning. “During Service” (i.e., on the job with supervision) was rated most often as the most preferred modality for learning these skills and “Inservice” (i.e., formal continuing education) was rated as leas/preferred. Implications for professional training, development, and practice are discussed.
A Behavioral Perspective
Authors: Rice James M.
Published: June 2019

The behavioral approach to rehabilitation counseling represents one of the most unique and comprehensive set of strategies in the field. These procedures are applicable in all aspects of rehabilitation counseling, involving vocational issues, attainment of functional skills, and psychosocial adjustment issues. In this paper, the definitions of behavior therapy, applied behavior analysis, behaviorism, and behavior modification are presented and examined. A behavior analysis of the rehabilitation process is discussed and the similarities and differences between this approach and others are briefly reviewed. Examples of behavioral strategies in rehabilitation counseling are presented, and suggestions for future research are made. In summary, behavioral approaches to rehabilitation counseling involve assisting the disabled individual to acquire and maintain those functional behaviors that maximize his independence, and facilitates the individual's complete reintegration into his work, home, and social environment.
Rehabilitation Counseling: A Psychoeducational Perspective
Authors: Habeck Rochelle V. , Fuller Thomas C.
Published: June 2019

The impact of social change and technological developments supports a shift in rehabilitation from an intraindividual focus to a greater emphasis on person/environment interaction. The personal impact of disability is presented from a social-environmental perspective and the implications of this model for counseling intervention are considered. The psychoeducational approach is applicable to this model of the psychosocialimpact of disability and to the role and function of rehabilitation counselors. Psychoeducation is a planned approach, based on principles of psychology and education, to teach individuals the understandings and competencies of human relations for effective living. Psychoeducation follows an educational model of service delivery, in contrast to medical models. Counselor and client roles and functions are redefined in terms of teacher and student. The evolution of this perspective is traced through broad changes in psychology, mental health and medical health care, and American culture. Examples of psychoeducational approaches to specific disability-related problems are presented to demonstrate its applicability to handicaps and rehabilitation.
Attitudes of Rehabilitation Professionals Toward Aging And Older Persons
Authors: Bearden Lisa J. , Head David W.
Published: June 2019

Relationships among information on aging, fear of aging, and involvement with older persons were examined in private rehabilitation facilities in Alabama. A questionnaire including the Facts on Aging Quiz, a fear index, and hours of involvement was used to assess the variables. The demographic variables of age, sex, race, and educational level of participants were also examined. Relationships among the three instrument variables and among the instrument and demographic variables were tested at the p .01 level by Pearson product moment correlations and attendant t-tests. The following relationships were found to be significant. Greater information was associated with being white, having less fear, and higher education. Greater involvement was associated with lower education and being nonwhite.
Vocational Instructor Burnout in Two National Rehabilitation Systems in Israel
Authors: Florian Victor , Zernicky-Shurka Esther
Published: June 2019

The present study compares the burnout levels of vocational instructors working in vocational rehabilitation centers and sheltered workshops in Israel. Sixty-six vocational instructors filled out the Kafry and Pines Burnout Measure, the Kumin Attitudes Measure, and a brief demographic and jobs data questionnaire. The result showed that vocational instructors working in sheltered workshops had higher burnout levels and lower job satisfaction as compared with instructors working in vocational rehabilitation centers. These findings were interpreted based on job framework variables that differed between the systems.
Misconceptions and Attitudes About Disability And the Need for Awareness
Authors: Warnemuende Robert
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is: a) to explain some history of the attitudes towards the disabled; b) show present day attitudes; c) discuss effects on the disabled person; and d) examine what we need in the future.

This paper will show that throughout history attitudes towards the disabled population have been negative. Attitudes and treatments have gotten better but not good enough. It will look at some of these problems, then will explain how society's outlook on disability has negatively affected the disabled person. It will also look at how blindness, epilepsy and mental retardation are effected by society's attitudes.

Finally, a proposal will be presented which I hope will help to solve part of the future problems. Through awareness we can educate our children, teach them the facts of disability, and thwart some of the misconceptions which are so prevalent and so damaging today.
Rehabilitation Counseling In Medical Settings: Career Opportunities
Authors: Kaplan Steven P.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation counselors (RC) have the opportunity to work in a wide variety of settings that present a vast array of clients and challenges. One setting that has not received much RC employment emphasis in the literature is the Comprehensive Medical Rehabilitation Center (CMRC). This article describes a typical CMRC configuration, and outlines how the RC can fit into and enhance the CMRC staff. Recommendations for training at the university level are proposed and strategies are offered for marketing the RC to CMRC personnel.
3M: A Disability Management Approach
Authors: Beaudway Deborah L.
Published: June 2019

A disability management program was initiated at 3M Corporation in 1980. The program had as its main purpose to control disability costs by returning disabled employees to work. 3M's disability management program is staffed by a disability program manager, a worker's compensation supervisor, a rehabilitation supervisor, and four disability programs coordinators. The staff is responsible for identifying and monitoring employees who are off work for an extended period of time and therefore receiving disability benefits. In conclusion, the author provides a case study that illustrates the use of the disability management approach at the workplace.
Ethical Issues in Rehabilitation Counseling: A Survey of Rehabilitation Practitioners
Authors: Pape Deborah A. , Klein Michael A.
Published: June 2019

This article presents the results of a joint survey conducted by the ARCA and NRCA Ethics Committees, to study the needs of the membership related to ethical issues and to gain input to assist in the revision of a joint code of ethics for the rehabilitation counseling profession. The results are analyzed and discussed in terms of key ethical issues raised by major sectors of the rehabilitation community.
A Research Proposal for Achieving a Unified Multidimensional Measure of Occupational Roles in the Rehabilitation Field
Authors: Matkin Ralph E. , Beardsley Mark M. , Garner William E.
Published: June 2019

The field of rehabilitation encompasses a number of occuational groups represented by various job titles. Diversity among job titles suggests differentiation of unique occupational bodies of knowledge, work activities and division of labor, competencies, and training requirements according to professional roles. Knowledge and skill acquisition, and assessment of their levels among practitioners, necessitate identification of work duties and responsibilities performed. This manuscript reviews the strengths and weaknesses of role and function investigations in the rehabilitation field, and proposes a method to identify both shared and unique work activities and competencies of seven rehabilitation occupations. Implications of the proposal are discussed in terms of their potential effects on training, credentialing, and professional status acquisition of Independent Living Rehabilitation Specialists, Job Development and Placement Specialists, Rehabilitation Administrators and Supervisors, Rehabilitation Counselors, Rehabilitation Nurses, Vocational Evaluators, and Work Adjustment Specialists.
Effectiveness of a Pre-Surgery Assessment and Education Programs for Impotent Males
Authors: Eisenberg M.G. , Hubbard Kirk M.
Published: June 2019

A pre-surgical assessment and patient education program for impotent surgical implant candidates is described. Using a five-point rating scale surgeons assessed the program's efficacy in terms of the importance of the evaluation in the total assessment procedure, quality, and timeliness of response to consultation requests. Survey results indicate a high level of satisfaction on all dimensions evaluated. This finding's validity was reinforced by chart audit which indicated that staff recommendations were followed 95% of the time. The program, however, was assessed as fully meeting only four of its five stated objectives with inadequate follow-up procedures for both the patient and his sex partner seen as a major deficiency of this and other similarly configured pre-surgical and patient education programs. Finally, the potential importance of establishing pre-surgical assessment and patient education programs for other surgical procedures are briefly considered.
Employability Counseling: Who, What, Where, When & How
Authors: Roessler Richard T. , Hastings Lance O.
Published: June 2019

This article integrates assessment and intervention techniques appropriate for preparing individuals with disabilities to enter the competitive labor market. Consistent with theoretical and empirical bases for work adjustment, the resulting employabiiity counseling model requires five phases to determine the person's functional assets and limitations, employability strengths and weaknesses, work climate preferences and coping styles, placement readiness, and job maintenance capabilities.
A Systematic Model for Designing and Implementing Staff Development and Training Programs for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Beardsley Mark M. , Rubin Stanford E. , Garner William E.
Published: June 2019

A sequential model for designing and implementing staff training programs for rehabilitation counselors (RCs) is presented. The model includes six steps or phases and emphasizes identification of RC job tasks, establishment of specific training goals, and evaluation of training outcomes. Applications of the model are discussed.
The Experience of Unemployment for Persons Who are Physically Disable
Authors: Borgen William A. , Amundson Norman E. , Biela Pamela M.
Published: June 2019

This paper describes an interview study conducted with thirty-five unemployed people who are disabled. The purpose of the study was to describe stated psychological reactions to unemployment over time. Four patterns in the experience of unemployment were derived from this sample. These patterns are outlined along with recommendations for career/rehabilitation counselors that have arisen from the data collected.
Rules of Ethical Conduct and Rehabilitation Counseling: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Emener WOllam G. , Wright Tennyson J. , Klein Laurie F. , Lavender Leslie A. , Smith Diane W.
Published: June 2019

A draft set of rules of ethical conduct was sent to a stratified random sample (N = 600) from the American Rehabilitation Counseling Association and the National Rehabilitation Counseling Association memberships. Two-hundred and seventy-six (46%) useable responses were received. The primary foci of the study addressed: (a) the extent to which the 50 draft rules were relevant to the work of the rehabilitation counselor; and, (b) ways by which rehabilitation counselors typically respond to ethically relevant situations. Results of the findings are discussed; recommendations for practice and research are offered.
The General Aptitude Test Battery: Implications for Vocational Counseling and Employment in Epilepsy Rehabilitation
Authors: Clemmons David C. , Fraser Robert T. , Trejo William
Published: June 2019

The performance of adults with epilepsy on the General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) was explored, with an emphasis on later employment outcome and on vocational counseling implications. The study sample had mean GATB scores which were significantly lower than the published GATB norms. They were also significantly lower than the GATB means obtained from comparison groups comprised of job applicants in the local general labor force and of persons receiving services from the local state rehabilitation agency. Mean scores for measures of dexterity and motor speed were especially low. It was found that GATB scores alone are not highly predictive of employment outcome, although subjects who did not enter competitive employment did tend to have lower mean scores. GATB patterns which may be indicative of lateralized cerebral dysfunction are discussed, along with case studies.
Assistive Device Utilization And Quality-of-Life in Adults With Spinal Cord Injuries or Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Scherer Marcia J.
Published: June 2019

A preliminary assessment of assistive device (AD) utilization by adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and spinal cord injuries (SCI) was conducted during the winter, 1986. A qualitative research approach was selected over a quantitative one so that pre-selected themes would not be imposed upon the data but, rather, would emerge from the data obtained. Five males with SCI and five females with CP, all subjects having a four-quadrant involvement, were interviewed about their AD use and quality-of-life. The findings indicate that female AD users with CP emphasize the capability to do things for the first time in their lives because of their ADs. They speak in terms of gains. In contrast, male AD non-users with SCI interpret ADs as poor replacements for their own functioning and see them as reminders of loss. AD users of both disabilities see their quality-of-life as being within their control whereas non-users believe otherwise. It was concluded that increased functional capabilities gained through AD utilization and the attainment of a “normalized” quality-of-life may present users with generalized “high functioning” expectations and frustrations for which their prior socialization did not prepare them. This, coupled with little peer contact, was discussed as contributing to participants' feelings of nervousness, depression, emotional inhibition and a sense of identity confusion.
Perceived Importance of Counselor Characteristics Among Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors and Clients
Authors: Tucker Carolyn M. , Parker J. Stephen , Parham Gerald D. , Brady Beverly A. , Brown James G.
Published: June 2019

The differences between counselors' and clients' perceptions of what is important to be an effective Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) counselor were investigated. Questionnaires completed by 187 counselors and 122 clients were utilized to identify counselor characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors/skills perceived to be most important. Multivariate analyses of the data revealed some significant differences between and within counselors' and clients' ratings of the importance of specific counselor performance items. Counselors were found to value task-oriented behaviors including goal setting, problem-solving, and decision-making more than clients. Results also indicated that female counselors and clients, as compared to their male counterparts, believe that it is more important for counselors to be caring, encouraging, and supportive. It was also found that Hispanic clients differed from both black and white clients on the importance of several counselor characteristics. Implications of these findings for improving the delivery of services to clients are discussed.
AIDS: Dynamics and Rehabilitation Concerns
Authors: Wong Henry , Allen Harry A. , Moore John
Published: June 2019

A juggernaut disease has invaded American shores. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is receiving tremendous attention from medicine, law, media, religious groups, governments and the world community reminiscent of the Bubonic plague, smallpox, and polio. It is the cause of ignorance, fear, panic, and stigma across the nation with estimates involving 1.5 million persons or more. The intent of this article is to raise the consciousness of rehabilitation professionals regarding a syndrome described as a monster epidemic, its psychosocial dynamics and the implications for rehabilitation.
Returning to Farming: An Accomplishable Challenge for Persons with Quadriplegia
Authors: Gallenbeck Edith D.
Published: June 2019

Two specific examples of individuals successfully returning to work in the agriculture field after suffering injuries resulting in quadriplegic conditions are described. Vocational rehabilitation counselors require knowledge of the feasibility and means for assisting individuals in accomplishing a return to farming.
Asian Americans and Rehabilitation: Some Important Variables
Authors: Leung Paul , Sakata Robert
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation counselors will come increasingly into contact with Asian Americans as part of their workload. This article describes and discusses the Asian Americans with the purpose of setting aside myths and stereotypes as well as providing some information helpful to understanding the Asian Americans within the rehabilitation process.
Africentricity and the Black Disability Experience: A Theoretical Orientation for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Herbert James T. , Cheatham Harold E.
Published: June 2019

Due to theoretical orientation and training received, the rehabilitation counselor working with the Black disabled client may encounter a set of atypical client responses and requirements. This paper reviews some of the literature addressing counselor and client characteristics and prospective factors for failure in counseling Black disabled clients. The Eurocentric theoretical basis of training and practice is discussed, followed by an overview of the Africentric approach which potentially provides for rehabilitation counselors' improved service delivery to the Black disabled client.
Counseling Clients with Specific Learning Disabilities to Overcome Employer Resistance
Authors: Jacobs-Connell J. Diane
Published: June 2019

Due to the large variance in needs, skills, and characteristics of learning disabled adults, there is confusion concerning how vocational counselors can most effectively help clients with specific learning disabilities (SLD) establish fulfilling careers. This situation is further complicated by the fact that employers are resistant to hiring SLD adults. This paper provides: (1) an overview of SLD including a definition, legal considerations, and the impact of employer resistance; (2) guidelines for distinguishing between 3 types of SLD adults-those with mild, moderate, and severe learning disabilities in relation to 3 factors; and (3) a section pertaining specifically to the counseling needs of the SLD adult.
Case Record Management: A Professional Skill
Authors: Holmes Gary E. , Karst Ronald H.
Published: June 2019

This article explores case record management as a professional skill of the rehabilitation counselor by examining the many roles which case record management plays in the rehabilitation process and in client welfare. Additionally, the article suggests that it is the responsibility of the individual rehabilitation counselor to learn and practice this skill in order to fulfill the ethical standards of the rehabilitation counseling profession.
Motivational Factors Influencing Return to Work
Authors: Roessler Richard T.
Published: June 2019

Data on the return-ta-work rates of people who experience mid-career disabilities indicate an increase in the rate of early retirement. Motivation to resume work or to retire due to disability is directly influenced by the person's careful consideration of three factors-probability of a successful outcome, utility of the outcome, and costs associated with certain actions. Findings from the return-ta-work literature are summarized via the three motivational concepts; implications for return-ta-work interventions are stressed.
Ethics in Supported Employment
Authors: Patterson Jeanne Boland , Buckley Jay , Smull Michael
Published: June 2019

The ethical issues in the delivery of supported employment services encompass many of the same ethical concerns rehabilitation counselors have had to address in providing any rehabilitation service. In addition, there are ethical issues which are unique to supported employment and the recipients of supported employment services. This article includes an overview of the personal and professional factors which influence ethical behavior, examples of common ethical issues within the phases of supported employment services, and recommendations for identifying and resolving ethical dilemmas in supported employment.
Supported Employment for Persons with Visual Impairment or Blindness
Authors: Grimn Susan Lehmann , Kendall Elizabeth Daily
Published: June 2019

The usefulness of supported employment for some persons with visual impairments is the topic of this paper. Current models of supported employment are briefly reviewed, as well as current definitions of visual impairment. Roles of the team members and strategies for effectively implementing supported employment for persons with visual impairments are examined. Finally, funding issues and challenges to practitioners are presented.
Supported Employment for People with Psychiatric Disability
Authors: MacDonald-Wilson Kim L. , Mancuso Laura L. , Danley Karen S. , Anthony William A.
Published: June 2019

Supported employment services have expanded through recent federal funding initiatives. For programs to be effective they should be tailored to the varying needs and situations of their participants. The Choose-Get-Keep approach to supported employment was specifically developed to assist people with psychiatric disability to select, obtain, and maintain competitive employment positions. This article presents the theory and research base for the Choose-Get Keep approach and describes its implementation. illustrative examples are provided.
Employability of Older Persons with Disabilities: A Partnership Among Employers, Rehabilitation Counselors and Potential Workers
Authors: Herbert James T. , Dambrocia Cynthia J.
Published: June 2019

This paper examines employment obstacles from the perspective of employers, rehabilitation counselors and potential older workers and provides strategies to enhance vocational self-sufficiency of older persons with disabilities.
After Graduation: The Quest for Employment by Disabled College Graduates
Authors: Frank Keith , Karst Ron , Boles Carolyn
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to gather data about disabled college graduates' search for employment and to investigate the extent to which a college education helps to equalize the employment opportunities of disabled graduates with those of nondisabled graduates. Among the findings were that disabled graduates required a significantly longer period of time to locate employment, the unemployment rate of the disabled graduates was higher, college graduation helped a significant percentage of the disabled graduates achieve their first permanent full-time professional position, and disabled graduates who received vocational rehabilitation funds and guidance at some point during their college education had a high degree of success in finding employment.