bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preserved peak exercise capacity in Andean highlanders with excessive erythrocytosis both before and after isovolumic hemodilution
Authors: Anza-Ramírez Cecilia , Gu Wanjun , Macarlupú José L. , Figueroa-Mujíca Rómulo J. , Vizcardo-Galindo Gustavo A. , Heinrich Erica C. , Tift Michael S. , Wagner Harrieth E. , Wagner Peter D. , Simonson Tatum S. , Villafuerte Francisco C.
Published: November 2022

Male Andean highlanders with and without excessive erythrocytosis (EE) have similar peak V̇o2 at 4,340 m, with higher arterial [O2] in EE and lower cardiac output (Q̇t), thus maintaining similar O2 delivery. Peak V̇o2 in participants with EE was unaffected by isovolumic hemodilution (hematocrit reduced from 67% to 53%), with lower O2 delivery balanced by slightly increased Q̇t and greater O2 extraction. Differences in lung and muscle diffusing capacity, and not hematocrit variation, accounted for essentially all interindividual variance in peak V̇o2.
Reduced feedback barely slows down proprioceptive recalibration
Authors: Ruttle Jennifer E. , ’t Hart Bernard Marius , Henriques Denise Y. P.
Published: November 2022

Reaching to targets with altered visual feedback about hand position leads to adaptation of movements as well as shifts in estimates of felt hand position. Felt hand position can shift in as little as one trial, and here we show that there is no noticeable reduction in speed when the feedback about movements is impoverished, indicating the robustness of the process of recalibrating felt hand position.
Towards a somatosensory theory of speech perception
Authors: Franken Matthias K. , Liu Brian C. , Ostry David J.
Published: November 2022

Speech perception is known to be a multimodal process, relying not only on auditory input but also on the visual system and possibly on the motor system as well. To date there has been little work on the potential involvement of the somatosensory system in speech perception. In the present review, we identify the somatosensory system as another contributor to speech perception. First, we argue that evidence in favor of a motor contribution to speech perception can just as easily be interpreted as showing somatosensory involvement. Second, physiological and neuroanatomical evidence for auditory-somatosensory interactions across the auditory hierarchy indicates the availability of a neural infrastructure that supports somatosensory involvement in auditory processing in general. Third, there is accumulating evidence for somatosensory involvement in the context of speech specifically. In particular, tactile stimulation modifies speech perception, and speech auditory input elicits activity in somatosensory cortical areas. Moreover, speech sounds can be decoded from activity in somatosensory cortex; lesions to this region affect perception, and vowels can be identified based on somatic input alone. We suggest that the somatosensory involvement in speech perception derives from the somatosensory-auditory pairing that occurs during speech production and learning. By bringing together findings from a set of studies that have not been previously linked, the present article identifies the somatosensory system as a presently unrecognized contributor to speech perception.
Combining Ozonated Autohemotherapy with Pharmacological Therapy for Comorbid Insomnia and Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Shen Wang , Liu Ning , Ji Zhonghua , Fang Hongwei , Liu Feng , Zhang Wei , Yu Xiuqin , Wang Mingxia , Zhang Jinyuan , Wang Xiangrui
Published: November 2022

Objective. To examine the efficacy and safety of ozonated autohemotherapy (O3-AHT) combined with pharmacological therapy for comorbid insomnia and myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). Materials and Methods. One hundred and eighteen patients were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (N = 50) and the O3-AHT group (N = 53). Patients in both groups were given the same pharmacological management for three weeks. Patients in the O3-AHT group were treated with ozonated autohemotherapy (the concentration of ozone was 20 µg/ml in the first week, 30 µg/ml in the second week, and 40 µg/ml in the third week) combined with pharmacological therapy. Primary (the insomnia severity index (ISI) and visual analogue scale (VAS)) and secondary outcomes (the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), polysomnography data, the anxiety and preoccupation about sleep questionnaire (APSQ), the beck depression index (BDI), and the multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI)) were examined at pretreatment, posttreatment, 1 month, and 6 months. Results. Fifty patients in the control group and fifty-three patients in the O3-AHT group completed the study. In both groups, insomnia and pain symptoms were relieved significantly compared with pretreatment. Compared with the control group, the O3-AHT group had significantly improved sleep quality, pain, and negative mood at different time points. No adverse complications were observed in either group. Conclusion. Compared with pharmacological therapy alone, ozonated autohemotherapy combined with pharmacological therapy can ameliorate insomnia, reduce pain intensity, improve negative mood, and alleviate fatigue more effectively without serious adverse complications.
Vasorelaxant and Antihypertensive Effects of Bergenin on Isolated Rat Aorta and High Salt-Induced Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Ahmad Taseer , Qayyum Rahila , Khan Taous , Mahnashi Mater H. , Jalal Mohammed M. , Altayar Malik A. , Alshehri Osama M. , Shah Abdul Jabbar
Published: November 2022

Bergenin is a phenolic glycoside that has been reported to be present in some medicinal plants which are traditionally used for their antihypertensive actions. So, bergenin was investigated for antihypertensive and vasorelaxant experiments in a rat model. Bergenin produced a significant fall in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of rats. To explore the involvement of NO and muscarinic receptors, rats were pretreated with L-NAME and atropine in-vivo. The L-NAME did not change significantly the effect of bergenin on MAP excluding the involvement of NO. Unlike the L-NAME, atropine pretreatment reduced the effect of bergenin on MAP, indicating the role of muscarinic receptors. In in-vitro study, the bergenin produced endothelium-dependent (at lower concentrations) and independent (at higher concentrations) vasorelaxation, which was attenuated significantly in the presence of atropine and indomethacin but not with L-NAME. While a partial response was observed against K+-induced contractions. This was further confirmed when bergenin partly shifted the CaCl2-CRCs toward right. Bergenin also suppressed the PE peak formation, indicating the antagonist effect against the release of Ca2+. Moreover, the bergenin-induced vasorelaxant response was not markedly attenuated with TEA, while significantly ablated with 4-AP and BaCl2. In conclusion, the antihypertensive effects of bergenin are due to Ca2+ channel blockade, K+ channels activation, and muscarinic receptor-linked vasodilation.
Relationship of Vitamin D Deficiency with Cervical Vertebral Maturation and Dental Age in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Azarbakhsh Golnoosh , Iranparvar Parastoo , Tehranchi Azita , Moshfeghi Mahkameh
Published: November 2022

Background. Considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its effect on growth and development, the assessment of the dental age and skeletal age with regard to vitamin D deficiency status could influence the treatment planning of growth modification treatment. This study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) as an indicator of skeletal age, and dental age in adolescent patients. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, the chronological age of 52 orthodontic patients aged between 10 and 14 years was recorded, and their serum level of vitamin D was determined using a radioimmunoassay test. The patients were then divided into three groups based on their serum vitamin D level: severe deficiency, moderate deficiency, and the control group with normal vitamin D. The panoramic radiographs of patients were assessed to determine their dental age using Demirjian’s method. CVM was determined on lateral cephalograms using Baccetti’s classification to specify the skeletal age. Data were analyzed using a t-test, linear regression, ordinal logistic regression, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (at

P
<
0.05

, confidence interval = 95%). Results. Skeletal age showed a significant difference between the group with severe vitamin D deficiency and the control group (

P
=
0.01

); however, such difference was not observed between the group with moderate vitamin D deficiency and the control group (

P
=
0.12

). Dental age was not significantly different between the groups with vitamin D deficiency and the control group (

P
=
0.26

for severe, and

P
=
0.39

for moderate deficiency). Conclusions. A less advanced skeletal maturation was observed in adolescents with severe vitamin D deficiency; however, dental development was not affected by this deficiency. Vitamin D status is better to be considered in decision-making for the initiation of growth modification orthodontic treatments.
Cinema e turismo: uma análise da atuação dos agentes públicos no desenvolvimento do turismo cinematográfico em Cabaceiras, Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Melo Priscila Fernandes Carvalho de , Körössy Nathália
Published: November 2022

As produções audiovisuais são difusoras da imagem de destinos e canalizadoras de potenciais turistas. Por meio delas, emergiu o turismo cinematográfico. Os benefícios econômicos da atração de visitantes e diversificação da oferta turística relacionada a essas produções incentivam organizações de gestão de destino (OGD) a atuarem no desenvolvimento do turismo cinematográfico. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender como os agentes públicos atuam no desenvolvimento de Cabaceiras, Paraíba, a “Roliúde Nordestina”, como destino de turismo cinematográfico. Por meio de abordagem qualitativa e natureza descritiva, o estudo de caso, realizado entre 2019 e 2021, envolveu pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais, observação in loco e entrevistas com agentes institucionais municipais e estaduais para identificar as estratégias e ações implementadas para impulsionar o turismo cinematográfico naquele município. Foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo do tipo categorial por meio do software ATLAS.ti. Para subsidiar a análise, utilizou-se de estrutura teórico conceitual elaborada a partir da revisão sistemática da literatura, o fundamento teórico da pesquisa. Como principais resultados, verificou-se que os agentes de Cabaceiras executam ações relacionadas às quatro estratégias elencadas na estrutura conceitual da análise. Apesar da OGD municipal adotar ações relacionadas a todas as estratégias, sua atuação não está pautada em um planejamento integrado, apesar de ter um conjunto de agentes interessados em desenvolver o turismo cinematográfico na cidade. Em consequência, essa atuação é fragmentada, dispersa e esporádica, carecendo de coordenação e de estrutura de governança que agregue os agentes envolvidos no desenvolvimento da sinergia entre os setores turístico e audiovisual.
Agroturismo em Venda Nova do Imigrante (ES) e seus fatores condicionantes: um estudo baseado em publicações locais
Authors: Peixoto Daniel Lanna , Ribeta Paola Brusco
Published: November 2022

Originado no Brasil como um desdobramento de práticas turísticas no meio rural, atualmente, o agroturismo figura-se como uma atividade provedora de renda para muitas famílias que necessitam incrementar os recursos obtidos com a produção agropecuária. Esse fenômeno pode ser visto no município capixaba de Venda Nova do Imigrante (ES) que, embora experimente o franco desenvolvimento da atividade agropecuária, foi capaz de aprimorar práticas, contornar adversidades e servir de parâmetro para outros municípios, na medida que são revelados fatores que condicionam o progresso da atividade. Desse modo, buscou-se, neste artigo, responder a seguinte questão: quais aspectos presentes em publicações locais são condicionantes à prática do agroturismo, em Venda Nova do Imigrante (ES)? Para tanto, foram analisadas matérias jornalísticas impressas de um jornal (2005-2020) e de uma revista (2010-2020) local. Em relação ao tratamento dos dados, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo temática para organizar e analisar os temas considerados como pertencentes ao escopo da investigação. Com base nas análises, constatou-se que os aspectos condicionantes ao agroturismo praticado no município remetem às instâncias social, econômica e identitária e que, para perpetuação e sobrevivência da atividade, são necessárias políticas de fomento com o objetivo de estimular um turismo rural de qualidade e sustentável.
Competitividade de destinos turísticos baseados na natureza: estudo em parques nacionais no Brasil
Authors: Rosa Sabrina da , Anjos Francisco Antônio dos
Published: November 2022

A competitividade pode ser uma ferramenta poderosa para a conservação do meio ambiente e para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico da comunidade local. O objetivo deste artigo é propor um modelo de avaliação de competitividade de destinos turísticos baseados na natureza, utilizando como referência os parques nacionais no Brasil. A pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, utilizando o método dedutivo e como técnicas de pesquisa: a bibliográfica, a Delphi e o survey. Como procedimento metodológico, realizou-se um vasto levantamento bibliográfico e documental para constituição de uma matriz com sete fatores, 59 indicadores e 152 variáveis. A matriz de indicadores e variáveis foi submetida a um painel constituído por três especialistas em gestão de turismo usando a técnica Delphi. Após a validação pelos especialistas, a matriz foi submetida à avaliação de 35 gestores de parques nacionais brasileiros por meio de um formulário on-line. Os dados coletados foram analisados com técnicas de estatísticas descritivas. Posteriormente, foram inqueridos 637 visitantes dos 74 parques nacionais brasileiros por meio de um formulário on-line contendo os 59 indicadores validados pelos especialistas e gestores. Os dados coletados junto aos visitantes foram utilizados para gerar uma modelagem de equação estrutural por meio de métodos mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS-MEE). Pela técnica de análise fatorial exploratória e modelagem de equações estruturais foram confirmados 43 indicadores organizados em cinco fatores: infraestrutura e fatores de suporte, atrativos culturais, gerenciamento do destino, qualidade de vida dos residentes e atividades de aventura.
Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio Is Correlated With the Risk of Parenchymal Hematoma After Endovascular Stroke Treatment
Authors: Winkelmeier Laurens , Heit Jeremy J. , Adusumilli Gautam , Geest Vincent , Christensen Soren , Kniep Helge , van Horn Noel , Steffen Paul , Bechstein Matthias , Sporns Peter , Lansberg Maarten G. , Albers Gregory W. , Wintermark Max , Fiehler Jens , Faizy Tobias D.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Parenchymal hematoma (PH) is a major complication after endovascular treatment (EVT) for ischemic stroke. The hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR) represents a perfusion parameter reflecting arterial collateralization and cerebral microperfusion in ischemic brain tissue. We hypothesized that HIR correlates with the risk of PH after EVT.

Methods:

Retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with large vessel occlusion who underwent EVT between 2013 and 2021 at one of the 2 comprehensive stroke centers (University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany and Stanford University School of Medicine, CA). HIR was automatically calculated on computed tomography perfusion studies as the ratio of brain volume with time-to-max (Tmax) delay >10 s over volume with Tmax >6 s. Reperfusion hemorrhages were assessed according to the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification. Primary outcome was PH occurrence (PH+) or absence (PH−) on follow-up imaging. Secondary outcome was good clinical outcome defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2.

Results:

A total of 624 patients met the inclusion criteria. We observed PH in 91 (14.6%) patients after EVT. PH+ patients had higher HIR on admission compared with PH− patients (median, 0.6 versus 0.4;
P
<0.001). In multivariable regression, higher admission blood glucose (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04–1.13];
P
<0.001), extensive baseline infarct defined as Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score ≤5 (aOR, 2.48 [1.37–4.42];
P
=0.002), and higher HIR (aOR, 1.22 [1.09–1.38];
P
<0.001) were independent determinants of PH after EVT. Both higher HIR (aOR, 0.83 [0.75–0.92];
P
<0.001) and PH on follow-up imaging (aOR, 0.39 [0.18–0.80];
P
=0.013) were independently associated with lower odds of achieving good clinical outcome.

Conclusions:

Poorer (higher) HIR on admission perfusion imaging was strongly associated with PH occurrence after EVT. HIR as a surrogate for cerebral microperfusion might reflect tissue vulnerability for reperfusion hemorrhages. This automated and quickly available perfusion parameter might help to assess the need for intensive medical care after EVT.
Levites, Priests, and Temple: Was the Chronicler Influenced by Ezekiel 40–48?
Authors: Amar Itzhak
Published: November 2022

This article examines whether Chronicles was influenced by Ezek 40–48—i.e., whether the book contains material not found in P or developed therefrom. To this end, it investigates the basis on which the Chronicler distinguishes priests from Levites, identifies those he deems responsible for guarding the Temple, elucidates his view of the Temple’s sanctity, and discusses whether he draws on one or several sources.
Luxuriant and Well-Fatted: The Meaning of מעדנת in 1 Sam 15:32
Authors: Millar Suzanna R.
Published: November 2022

The meaning of מעדנת in 1 Sam 15:32 is disputed, variously being translated “trembling,” “in chains,” or “cheerfully.” Based on linguistic and contextual evidence, I argue that it is best translated “luxuriantly” or “well-fatted,” and depicts Agag like a fattened animal going to slaughter.
Death on display
Authors: Casteels Isabel
Published: November 2022

Isabel Casteels examines the response of contemporary viewers – both intended and actual – to Frans Hogenberg’s execution prints dating from the first decades of the Dutch Revolt. Hogenberg characterised these executions, like those of the counts of Egmond and Horn in Brussels in 1566, as religious ceremonies, thus implicitly criticising them. The prints highlight the public, ritual, and indeed purely theatrical elements of these events, which, from the perspective of the Catholic Church and the secular authorities, may have legitimised them, but for Protestants and supporters of the Revolt generally did exactly the opposite – that is, de-legitimised them, exposed them for what they really were: cruel bloodshed. Eyewitness accounts confirm this, as did the prosecution of printers who issued copies of the prints. The depiction of the audience in many of the prints made their viewers aware of their role in these judicial rituals.
Materia mortis
Authors: Lipińska Aleksandra
Published: November 2022

This essay offers a revaluation of the materiality of early modern Netherlandish tombs, a field that has only recently attracted serious scholarly attention. Her contribution focuses on the role played by materiality as a crucial yet often overlooked aspect of these monuments. Tomb sculpture generally relied on a combination of material properties: the potential of realistic representation, durability, intrinsic value, and material splendour. Most suitable for a convincing representation of a dead body in this period was translucent alabaster with its warm flesh tone, while Italian white marble and bronze referenced antiquity and classical notions of durability. The use of specific sets of local and imported materials resulted in a unique ‘material image’ of Netherlandish tomb sculpture, which effectively contributed to the preservation of the deceased’s memoria, social status, and dynastic and personal magnificence.
Facilitating Civic Awareness and Social Participation as a Product: A Case Study of Formosa Salon
Authors: Lee Bo-Yi
Published: November 2022

Social marketing aims to improve social welfare by changing individuals’ behaviours, and deepening democracy should not be an exception. We can use social marketing to enhance civic awareness and public engagement by turning citizens who do not care about these issues into active participants in our society. However, current research has not explored how we can apply social marketing to achieve this goal. This research examines Formosa Salon from the perspectives of exchange theory, the theory of hierarchy of effects, and the framework of the social marketing mix. By gathering and analysing data from archival data, semi-structured interviews, and researchers’ engagement, this study views increasing civic awareness and promoting public engagement in social issues as a product sold by Formosa Salon. The price of this product is the knowledge barrier. The organisers of Formosa Salon have marketed their product on the internet and through higher education institutions in London. The contributions of this study and key recommendations are also identified.
Neostagonosporella bambusicola sp. nov. (Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales) from bamboo in China
Authors: DISSANAYAKE LAKMALI S. , MARASINGHE DIANA S. , THAMBUGALA KASUN M. , KANG JI-CHUAN
Published: November 2022

A bitunicate ascomycete was collected on dead bamboo leaves from Guizhou Province, China. Phylogenetic analyses based on large subunit rRNA (LSU), small subunit rRNA (SSU), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef 1-α) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) revealed that this species belongs to the genus Neostagonosporella (Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales) and forms a well-supported lineage (98% ML, 1.00BYPP) with N. sichuanensis. This taxon resembles the type species of Neostagonosporella, N. sichuanensis by its globose to subglobose central ostiolate ascomata, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate, short pedicellate asci and hyaline, cylindrical to fusiform ascospores, as well as a close phylogenetic affinity. However, it differs from N. sichuanensis by its comparatively smaller ascomata, cellular, septate pseudoparaphyses and ascospores with thick sheath, whereas N. sichuanensis has comparatively large ascomata, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses and ascospores with comparatively thin sheath. Therefore, we introduce this taxon as a novel species, namely Neostagonosporella bambusicola and compare it with the other species of Neostagonosporella.
Reappraisal and lectotypification of Justicia tanalensis S. Moore (Acanthaceae), rediscovered from central Madagascar more than 100 years since the last collection
Authors: ONJALALAINA GUY. E. , JIANG HUI , RAKOTONASOLO ANDRIMALALA R. , WANGA VINCENT OKELO , HU GUANG-WAN
Published: November 2022

Justicia tanalensis (Acanthaceae) was rediscovered from the central highland of Madagascar since the last collection in 1895. Its morphological characters are reported and amended with photographs in this paper. The species is characterized by a prostrate herbaceous habit and a simple spike with one flower per node. It has a distribution range in the central-eastern Madagascar. The conservation assessment of the species is provided. Because no holotype was indicated in the protologue and the type specimens cited by the original author were collected in two different times, they should be considered as two gatherings and they are syntypes. The lectotype specimen of the name is designated here as well.
New records, neotype designation and DNA sequences of three species of Chaetonotus (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) from Brazil
Authors: SALGADO KELLY FERNANDA ACOSTA , MINOWA AXELL KOU , GARRAFFONI ANDRÉ RINALDO SENNA
Published: November 2022

Gastrotrichs are aquatic microinvertebrates (less than 1 mm long) commonly found in freshwater and marine environments worldwide. The taxonomy of gastrotrichs is mainly based on external morphological characters, such as body shape and size of the different body regions, presence and distribution of adhesive tubules, or the microstructure of the external cuticle (e.g. scales, spines, cephalic plates). The diversity of Gastrotricha is still poorly known, especially in tropical regions. The aim of this study is to use integrative taxonomy to report new records of Chaetonotus dadayi, C. paucisquamatus and C. furcatus from the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this study we present 1) new records of C. dadayi in Brazil with new morphological information and a first-time comprehensive diagnosis of the species; 2) the redescription of C. paucisquamatus based on material collected at the type locality and the neotype designation; and 3) the first record of C. furcatus outside its type locality. We also discuss the actual occurrence of C. paucisquamatus and C. furcatus in Poland, given that both species were found in artificial environments with flora imported from South America.
Expanded morphological description of the recently described Lycodon zayuensis (Serpentes: Colubridae)
Authors: LYU BING , LI QINGLIAN , LI KE , LI LING , SHU FU , WU YAYONG , GUO PENG
Published: November 2022

Lycodon is a species-rich genus that currently contains 72 named species. Lycodon zayuensis Jiang, Wang, Jin & Che, 2020, was described from Lower Chayu Town, Chayu County, Tibet, China, based on a single female holotype. During our recent field work, three additional specimens, including two females and one male, were collected and identified as L. zayuensis based on morphological comparison and the cytochrome b mitochondrial gene (1049 bp). Here, we provide an expanded description of this recently described species based on all known specimens.
miRNA-421 regulates proliferation, migration, and proinflammatory responses of human osteosarcoma cells by targeting monocyte chemotactic protein 1-induced protein 1 protein via magnetic nanoliposomes
Authors: Zhang Yao , Li Zhigang , Hu Anfeng , Li Dongyi
Published: November 2022

Human osteosarcoma is difficult to treat successfully. Current research is mainly theoretical and about the treatment of the disease with miRNA is uncommon. This paper explores roles and mechanisms of miR-421 regulation of MCPIP1 in HOS cells. miR-421, delivered in magnetic nanoliposomes,
modulated proliferation, migration, and proinflammatory responses of MG-63 cells in culture, as demonstrated using qRT-PCR. Effects of control, inhibition, and promotion plasmids containing miR-421 on MCPIP1 protein regulation were recorded after PA induction by observing the distribution
of chromosomes in transfected cells. Further, miR-421 mimics induced MCPIP1 and TC production and lipid accumulation in HOS cells. Overexpression of miR-421 caused MG-63 cells to accumulate fibrosis marker proteins, including α-SMA, type I collagen, and type III collagen, and
further reduced expression of MCPIP1 protein.
Long non-coding RNA opa-interacting protein 5 antisense transcript 1 (LncRNA OIP5-AS1) promoted cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via the miR-378a-3p/nicotinamide N-methyltransferase axis
Authors: Bai Zhigang , Zhang Dongli , Shi Enhong
Published: November 2022

LncRNAs involve in chemoresistance of human cancers. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 in the chemoresistance of NPC are still unexplored. In our study, upregulated OIP5-AS1 was found in cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant NPC tumors and cell lines. Functional assays revealed OIP5-AS1 knockdown suppressed malignant behaviors, but stimulated apoptosis of CDDP-resistant NPC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated OIP5-AS1 positively regulated NNMT by directly targeting miR-378a-3p. In addition, its inhibition partially abolished the inhibitory effects of OIP5-AS1 silencing on malignancy of CDDPresistant NPC cells, whereas NNMT knockdown reverse these effects. In sum, our results indicated OIP5-AS1 contributed to the CDDP resistance of NPC by sponging miR-378a-3p to increase NNMT expression.
Ginsenoside Rd ameliorates aflatoxin B1 induced apoptosis via governing antioxidative activity in H9C2 cells and 3D heart spheroids
Authors: Yan Fang , Liu Yanbing , Liu Yu , Gao Weinian , An Jinghui , Yin Chen , Chen Ziying
Published: November 2022

Aflatoxin B1 exerts potent toxic effects on a variety of tissues or organs in the body; it often contaminates the environment and foods, and thus poses a heavy burden on public health and food safety efforts. As an essential botanical medicine, Ginsenoside Rd has been demonstrated to
alleviate multiple organ injuries induced by a variety of toxins. Our study aimed to examine how AFB1 influenced heart cell apoptosis in vitro and determine regulatory effects of Rd in the effects of AFB1 on heart function. For this purpose, the H9C2 cell line and 3D primary heart spheroids
were used. RT-qPCR was used to measure apoptosis-related genes’ expression levels. siRNA-based gene knockdown was used for mechanistic analyses. The results revealed that AFB1 potently promoted apoptosis-related genes’ (such as caspase-3/9 genes) expression levels in both H9C2
cells and 3D heart spheroids. Rd alleviated AFB1-induced heart cell apoptosis. Oxidative stress induced by H2O2 potently induced heart cell apoptosis. Rd also significantly reduced superoxide dismutase activity in heart spheroids. Finally, it was suggested that attenuation
of Rd against AFB1-caused apoptosis of heart cells were mediated through the induction of antioxidant activity. On the whole, the present study provides useful information which may aid in the development of novel antidotes against toxins and their negative effects, including AFB1-induced
heart injury.
Polydopamine-coated gel microspheres loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor for wound healing
Authors: Geng Qian , Xu Ronghua , Yin Zuowen , Yu Jun , Zhang Hongzhen
Published: November 2022

Wound treatment is one of the key issues in current medical care and brings many troubles for the health system. It is critical to develop reliable and multifunctional materials for wound treatment. In this work, we prepared new gel microspheres loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor
(bFGF) and coated with polydopamine (PDA) as wound dressing. The microspheres were prepared using microfluidic electrospray technology, and then treated with dopamine (DA) and bFGF solution. Owing to the loaded drug, the microspheres could promote the vascularization, while the PDA coating
encapsulated the microspheres and prolonged the drug release process. Additionally, the microspheres have excellent biocompatibility, and can play a strongly active role in wound healing. These features indicate these microspheres are expected to be new dressing for wound healing.
Effects of different processing methods on the content of astragaloside in danggui buxue decoction detection by high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection
Authors: Li Jiadi , Li Peng , Wu Di , Wang Zixun , Liu Yang , Wang Xicai , Zhou Jianwen
Published: November 2022

Danggui Buxue decoction were prepared by different processing methods of angelica sinensis and astragalus membranaceus in wine and in oil respectively. High performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) method was established for the determination
of astragaloside in Danggui Buxue decoction prepared by two processing methods, and the method was verified. The regression equations of astragaloside prepared by wine was y = 1412179x − 165809, R2 = 0.99827, in the range of 0.216~0.864 mg/mL; while in oil the
regression equations was y = 1283633x − 141049, R2 = 0.9947, in the range of 0.162~0.648 mg/mL. It indicated that the peak area and concentration of astragaloside showed a good linear relationship, which met the requirements of detection. The average recovery
of astragaloside prepared by wine was 94.5% and RSD was 0.763%, while they were 93.6% and 2.57% astragaloside prepared by oil. It shows that the accuracy of the method is good. RSD of 12 samples from the two individuals ranged from 1.67% to 1.38% in astragaloside prepared by wine, while it
ranged from 3.34% to 3.33% in astragaloside prepared by oil, which proved good intermediate precision using HPLC-ELSD method. The RSD of peak area of astragaloside of the two products were all <2% within 12 h, indicating that the two samples were stable within 12 h. The content of astragaloside
prepared by wine was 0.02514±0.00026 mg/mL. The content of astragaloside prepared by oil was 0.01949±0.00023 mg/mL. The results show that the sensitivity, precision and stability of this method are good, which are accurate and accord with the methodological verification. In addition,
the processing methods of angelica sinensis and astragalus membranaceus in wine are more suitable for preparing Danggui Buxue decoction.
Resveratrol inhibits osteoporosis in mice model
Authors: Shi Yuquan , Kong Chunyu , Li Yuan
Published: November 2022

Our study intends to assess whether resveratrol can ameliorate osteoporosis in mice. Ovariectomized (OVX) mice were established to measure SFRP1 level and SFRP1-siRNA was used to assess its effect on BMSCs osteogenesis. SFRP1 was significantly up-regulated in bone tissues and BMSCs
of OVX mice with a gradual decrease during osteogenesis. However, it was not changed during BMSCs differentiation towards osteoclasts. SFRP1 knockdown significantly increased mineralization potentiality, elevated ALP activity and upregulated several osteoblast-specific genes. Moreover, bone
loss was reduced in resveratrol-treated OVX mice, possibly through upregulating osteogenesis-associated genes and downregulating SFRP1. In conclusion, resveratrol ameliorates osteogenesis of BMSCs, implying that it might be utilized for treating PMOP.
Responding to Microaggressions: Social Cost of Bystander Intervention Strategies
Authors: Xie Tianyi , Galliher Renee V.
Published: November 2022

This two-part study examined the effects of intervener’s race (White vs. Asian) and intervention format (high-threat—emphasizing the act of racism, low-threat—emphasizing the norm of justice, support-based—emphasizing a nonjudgmental attitude) on perceptions of microaggression interventions for White observers and Asian American targets. In separate 2 x 3 experimental designs, Asian Americans participants ( N = 187) and White American participants ( N = 185) were recruited through Qualtrics panels and randomly assigned to one of six conditions (three formats of intervention and two intervener groups). Participants read a vignette, imagined themselves as targets of the microaggression (Asian sample) or witnesses of the interaction (White sample), and completed a set of questionnaires assessing positive and negative perceptions of the intervener and aggressor. Asian American targets and White witnesses had more negative perceptions of interveners in the high threat condition. Covariates were relevant in interpreting reactions to intervention.
Effects of New Technologies on Work: The Case of Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Ben-Ner Avner , Urtasun Ainhoa , Taska Bledi
Published: November 2022

The authors study the effects on work of additive manufacturing (AM), an emerging technology that may replace significant segments of traditional manufacturing (TM). Compared to TM, AM is more integrated and offers greater flexibility in design, materials, and customizability; thus, it should entail more demanding tasks and higher skill levels. The authors analyze vacancies for AM and TM workers, focusing on plants that posted vacancies in both technologies to control for factors that may affect the content of job postings. Findings show that AM jobs are more complex (with more non-routine analytic and less routine cognitive content) in comparison to TM jobs, and AM jobs require more high-level technical skills and more reasoning skills. The relative differences are larger for lower-skill workers (operators) than for high-skill workers (engineers). The authors conclude that AM is an upskilling technology that is skill biased in favor of low-skill workers and therefore reduces the skill gap.
Modeling and simulation analysis of active heave compensation control system for electric-driven marine winch under excitation of irregular waves
Authors: Xie Tiancai , Huang Liangpei , Guo Yong , Ou Yun
Published: November 2022

The six-degree-of-freedom (6 DOF) motion of the mother-ship, which is caused by wave fluctuation, makes offshore operations difficult. To solve this problem, various heave compensation systems were proposed, as well as the law of wave motion. These heave compensation systems included passive heave compensation system, semi-active heave compensation system, and active heave compensation (AHC) system. However, the empirical formula of wave motion is not suitable for practical offshore operations, and rare AHC systems take the characteristic of compensation into consideration. To study the compensation characteristic of the AHC system based on electric-driven marine winch in the actual sea condition and improve the accuracy of compensation, this work uses the measured data of wave motion, and deduces the motion equations of multi-axial driving system. By substituting the above elements into the AHC system and designing the sliding mode controller (SMC), the simulation results show the ideal compensation effect of the system. By comparing with experimental results, it is concluded that the driving system operates in according with the specified states, and the compensation performance of system is effective. The overall work is conductive to the research on AHC system, as well as the exploitation of marine resources.
Anarchy Is What It Is Made Up Of: Reappraising Kenneth Waltz’s Grand Concept Through a Marxian Lens
Authors: Sharma Shubham
Published: November 2022

In this article, I attempt to critically assess Kenneth Waltz’s deployment of the idea of anarchy to erect a ‘scientific theory of international politics’. First, I argue that the formation of a concept requires comprehension of the object from the standpoint of historical development, not a narrow reading of it. Second, I subject the thinner abstractions of self-help, balance of power and bandwagoning to the test of history. Third, I argue about mainstream international relations’ disdain for revolutions. I would posit that revolutions are fine templates which store rich agential history of structural transformation, a theme subject to much chagrin by realists of all hues, particularly neorealists. In doing so, I take the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 as my benchmark. I elucidate that through the occlusion of first and second images, man and state, in the favour of third image, that is, structural anarchy, Waltz tends to ignore the role of agency as a conscious collective which could be best captured by the Bolshevik Revolution. In doing so, I rely on Perry Anderson’s three modes of agency in history. As a corrective to Waltz’s theorization, I make a strong case for class transcending both man and state as an organic category with immense potential of becoming a level of analysis which both acts upon the structure and refracts through it. I finally conclude by saying that anarchy was a condition and not a ‘social relation’ of any sort which could claim to constitute the ‘international’.
Facial expression modifies female body perception
Authors: Noori Farahnaz , Schofield Heather , Summerscales Lorna , Guo Kun
Published: November 2022

The judgment of female body appearance has been reported to be affected by a range of internal (e.g., viewers’ sexual cognition) and external factors (e.g., viewed clothing type and colour). This eye-tracking study aimed to complement previous research by examining the effect of facial expression on female body perception and associated body-viewing gaze behaviour. We presented female body images of Caucasian avatars in a continuum of common dress sizes posing seven basic facial expressions (neutral, happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust), and asked both male and female participants to rate the perceived body attractiveness and body size. The analysis revealed an evident modulatory role of avatar facial expressions on body attractiveness and body size ratings, but not on the amount of viewing time directed at individual body features. Specifically, happy and angry avatars attracted the highest and lowest body attractiveness ratings, respectively, and fearful and surprised avatars tended to be rated slimmer. Interestingly, the impact of facial expression on female body assessment was not further influenced by viewers’ gender, suggesting a ‘universal’ role of common facial expressions in modifying the perception of female body appearance.
How Grit-S Items Work in Measuring Growth: Focusing on Item Discrimination and Sensitivity to Change
Authors: Lim Hyo Jin , Lee Sora
Published: November 2022

This study investigates how sensitively the current grit measure (Grit-S) is able to reflect the differences between individuals (i.e. item discrimination) and change within individuals (i.e. sensitivity to change of items) using longitudinal data. Data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study 2018 of elementary (fourth grade) and middle school (seventh grade) cohorts were analyzed. We compared a series of longitudinal factor models of change with an initial trait and a change in grit represented by latent traits. Results showed that the models hypothesizing two latent traits with respect to the two elements of grit (interest and effort) best fit the data. In the elementary school cohort, sensitivity to change was different from discriminating between-person differences at baseline. Meanwhile, in the middle school cohort, sensitivity to change was identical to discriminating between-person differences at baseline. The items having low discrimination and low sensitivity to change resulted in syntactical complexity and did not accurately reflect the trait that was intended to be measured. Despite the Grit-S being widely used for many years, it is suggested that researchers and educators should administer this measure at taking an individual’s change and school-level difference into account.
The efficacy and safety of telitacicept for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a real life observational study
Authors: Chen Ruilin , Fu Rong , Lin Zeying , Huang Chenghui , Huang Wenhui
Published: November 2022

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and safety of telitacicept treatment in a Chinese SLE cohort, with real-life settings.

Methods

All patients with SLE who were receiving telitacicept treatment at least 4 weeks were included, and were followed up. Patients received subcutaneous injection of telitacicept weekly based on the standard treatment. SLE responder index-4 (SRI-4) was assessed before the first administration and at least 4 weeks after the first administration. Disease flares during the follow-up period were defined as an increase in disease activity and the number or dose of immunosuppressive drugs.

Results

After 4–45 weeks’ administration of telitacicept, 80% ( n = 16) reached SRI-4 response. The prednisolone dosage declined from a mean of 30.25 mg/d (95% CI 21.99–38.51) before treatment to 13.25 mg/d (95% CI 9.92–16.58) after treatment. The proportion of patients without receiving an immunosuppressive drug increased from 15% to 43% at the endpoint. 19 cases showed various reduction of IgM after treatment ( p < 0.05) and C3 and C4 showed either stable or an upward trend. The 24 h urinary protein median value of the 14 cases (baseline 24 h urinary protein >0.5 g/d) showed significant reduction, and 7 of them turned negative. Adverse events were mild to moderate and controllable.

Conclusion

Telitacicept is a potential treatment option for patients with SLE, especially in lupus nephritis, with significantly increased SRI-4 response rate and reduced the glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive drugs.
Book review: Rajesh Bhattacharya and Annapurna Shaw, Eds. Urban Housing, Livelihoods and Environmental Challenges in Emerging Economies
Authors: Naik Mukta
Published: November 2022

Rajesh Bhattacharya and Annapurna Shaw, Eds. Urban Housing, Livelihoods and Environmental Challenges in Emerging Economies (New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan), 2021, ISBN 9789354422331 (pb).
#MeToo on Twitter: The migration of celebrity capital and social capital in online celebrity advocacy
Authors: Chen Li , Liebler Carol M
Published: November 2022

Utilizing the #MeToo movement as its case, this article examines celebrities’ symbolic power using social media’s connectivity to enlarge the impact of social causes. This article adopts social network analysis as the primary method to explore the relationship between two #MeToo networks and media coverage regarding celebrities’ roles. Based on theories of social capital and celebrity capital, the results of this article find that famous people’s symbolic power in one social field can transfer into the social activism field through investment in their celebrity capital and social capital.
Pyroptosis in the lung and spleen of patients died from COVID-19
Authors: Tong Xin , Ping Haiqin , Gong Xiaoming , Zhang Kai , Chen Zhaojun , Cai Caiyun , Lu Zhiyan , Yang Rongrong , Gao Shicheng , Wang Yunyun , Wang Xinghuan , Liu Liang , Ke Hengning
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of pyroptosis-related factors (NLRP3, IL-18, NF-κB, HMGB-1, and GSDMD) in patients who died of COVID-19. The expression levels of NLRP3, IL-18, NF-κB, HMGB-1, and GSDMD in lung and spleen tissues of the COVID-19 group and the control group were detected by tissue immunofluorescence. The control group includes lung tissues and spleen tissues of two patients who died unexpectedly without SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the COVID-19 group includes the lung and spleen tissues of three patients who died of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. The positive rates of NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-18, and GSDMD in the lung tissues from the control group and COVID-19 group were 9.8% vs 73.4% ( p = 0.000), 5.5% vs 63.6% ( p = 0.000), 24.4% vs 76.2% ( p = 0.000), and 17.5% and 46.8% ( p = 0.000) respectively. The positive rates of NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-18, HMGB-1, and GSDMD in the spleen tissues from the control group and COVID-19 group were 20.6% vs 71.2% ( p = 0.000), 18.9% vs 72.0% ( p = 0.000), 15.2% vs 64.8% ( p = 0.000), 27.6% vs 69.2% ( p = 0.000), and 23% and 48.8% ( p = 0.000), respectively. The positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the CD68 positive cells of the lung and spleen in the control group and COVID-19 group were 2.5% vs 56.8% ( p = 0.000); 3.0% vs 64.9% ( p = 0.000) respectively. The rates of NF-κB positive nuclei in the control group and COVID-19 group were 13.4% vs 51.4% ( p = 0.000) in the lung and 38.2% vs 59.3% ( p = 0.000) in the spleen. The rates of HMGB-1 positive cytoplasm in the control and the COVID-19 group were 19.7% vs 50.3% ( p = 0.000) in the lung and 12.3% vs 45.2% ( p = 0.000) in the spleen. The targets of SARS-CoV-2 are the lung and spleen, where increased macrophages could be involved in the up-regulation of pyroptosis-related inflammatory factors such as NF-κB, HMGB-1, NLRP3, IL-18, and GSDMD.