bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Customary Law Nuance on that Hagiography: Attempt of Interpretations
Authors: Ščavinskas Marius
Published: October 2024

Early sources about vendetta custom are some papers of the German Order provided in the XIII century. Some of these customs reflect in the Statutes of Lithuania, in some judicial cases of the XVI century, and in modified law records of other Baltic tribes, first of all in the Prussian Pamedė statute-book (XIV). But we can also find vendetta custom in hagiographical sources of late X-early XI centuries, sacred for St. Wojciech and St. Brunon of Querfurt martyrdom in Baltic lands.  
The motives of murdering the missionaries let us think like that. As St. Vaitiekus came from Polish lands, he was attacked as a Polish agent or ally. Another motive—he was murdered as he was recognized as a person who was dipping people into water (baptizing) or torturing them in other ways. Here we can find elements of vendetta customs.  
There is no direct data about reasons for murdering St. Brunon in the hagiographic sources provided to him. It is said that Netimer's brother Zebedene, who probably came when he found out about Netimer's baptism, told them to kill Brunon. It is worth being said that Netimer, the leader of one of the Baltic tribes, killed his anonymous brother because he didn't want to be baptized. So the anger of Zebedene was directed against Brunon as the causer of those events. Thus, there also arises a motive of vendetta.  
According to E. Usačiovaitė, St. Vaitiekus was sacrificed for Baltic gods. But earlier mentioned motives for killing the missionaries don't allow giving prominence to sacral motives. If St. Vaitiekus was sacrificed to gods, how would Prussians later render his head or body as a ransom to Polish Duke Boleslaw the Brave? In the case of St. Brunon, he could incur the displeasure of pagans when he threw their idols into the fire, but it didn't happen like that. So, it doesn't allow denying the vendetta motive for disposing of the first missionaries into Baltic lands.
The 16th - 19th Centuries Manuscripts of Crusader's Chronics in the Central Archive of the Order of the Knights of the Cross at Vienna
Authors: Zonenberg Slawomir
Published: October 2024

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Scientific Conference to Commemorate prof. W. M Zawadzky
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: October 2024

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A Comprehensive review on the properties and applications of extremozymes from extremophilic actinobacteria
Authors: Gorrab Afoua , Ouertani Rania , Souii Amal , Kallel Fatma , Slaheddine Masmoudi Ahmed , Cherif Ameur , Neifar Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Actinobacteria are ubiquitous microorganisms found in soil, plants tissues and aquatic environments. They have an exceptional potential for producing secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest. In addition, they are good producers of enzymes effective in breaking down various organic substances. In recent years, the number of studies on enzymes produced by extremophilic actinobacteria has increased considerably thanks to their unusual mechanisms of action, their stability and resistance to denaturation as well as structural novelties allowing them to be promising and efficient for wide applications in many products and processes particularly in detergent, food and beverage, animal feed, leather, textile, pulp and paper, biofuel, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. This review summarizes the latest experimental data on extremozymes, produced by extremophilic actinobacteria. It focuses on the description of the producing actinobacteria, their biochemical and physicochemical properties and their potential industrial applications for the development of a bioeconomy, with particular emphasis on thermophilic, psychrophilic, acidophilic, alkaliphilic and halophilic hydrolases such as amylases, cellulases, xylanases, pectinases, chitinases, proteases, lipases and phospholipases.
Recent developments in the synthesis of composite materials for aerospace: case study
Authors: Al-Mamun Al-Mahmud , Hossain Md Rasel , Iqbal Md Ashik , Haque Md Ziaul , Sharmin Mst Mahfuza
Published: October 2024

Composite materials have emerged as a cornerstone of aerospace engineering due to their exceptional properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratios, corrosion resistance, and superior mechanical performance. This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in synthesizing composite materials tailored for aerospace applications. We review cutting-edge manufacturing techniques, explore the integration of nanomaterials and sustainable biocomposites, and highlight five recent case studies illustrating practical applications. This paper also addresses current challenges in developing and manufacturing composites. We also discuss the insight into future research directions, including the potential of AI and machine learning to revolutionize composite material design.
A vinda do Senhor ao seu templo
Authors: Rueda Neto Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Malaquias 2:17–3:5 contém uma das cenas de julgamento mais interessantes do Antigo Testamento e de toda a Escritura. Nessa perícope, Deus se aproxima de seu povo no ambiente do santuário ou templo para realizar um processo judicial que resultaria em purificação. Esse processo revela a centralidade do santuário na teologia de Malaquias e, ao mesmo tempo, destaca o caráter escatológico do quadro apresentado. A análise da passagem e de seu contexto patenteia, sobretudo, o método usado por Deus para fazer a distinção entre justos e ímpios – começando por aqueles que mantêm uma relação de aliança com ele –, além de indicar alguns paralelos com a cerimônia do Yom Kippur e a relação do juízo com o chamado “Dia de YHWH”.
IFSC-Urupema/SC e o desenvolvimento territorial
Authors: Esteves Ramos Fontana Thais , Antunes Pereira Josilaine
Published: October 2024

Este artigo teve como objetivo compreender as contribuições das ações pedagógicas do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina, câmpus do município de Urupema, Estado de Santa Catarina, (IFSC-Urupema), no que tange ao desenvolvimento territorial. Para atingir este objetivo, buscou-se identificar as percepções da gestão do Instituto, do poder público e da sociedade civil organizada referenciados nas atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Foi utilizada a técnica da entrevista semiestruturada no diálogo com os representantes do IFSC, do poder público e da sociedade civil organizada. A pesquisa revelou discursos e práticas contraditórias no que tange à concepção de educação transformadora e emancipadora, à valorização dos arranjos produtivos locais e ao papel do IFSC-Urupema, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento territorial. Outrossim, afirmou a relevância da sua atuação educacional expressa no ensino, em atividades de pesquisa e extensão, além do acolhimento, inclusão e cooperação vivenciados pela população local.
A szakmai és szervezeti elköteleződés szerepe a munkahelyről való kilépés szándékában tanárok körében
Authors: Koltói Lilla , Kiss Paszkál
Published: October 2024

Háttér: A munkavállaló viszonyulása magához a munkához, valamint a szakmájához és a szervezetéhez fontos szerepet játszik abban, hogy kitart-e a munkahelye mellett vagy felmond. Aki elhivatott, vagy a jó munkahelyi kapcsolatokban találja meg a munkája értelmét, az kevésbé valószínű, hogy kilép a munkahelyéről, mint az, akinek a domináns munkaorientációja az anyagiak. Számos kutatás rámutatott, hogy a szakmai és szervezeti elkötelezettség növeli a munkával való elégedettséget, valamint csökkenti a kilépési szándék erősségét. Cél: Kutatásunkban tanárok mintáján vizsgáljuk a munkaorientáció, a szakmai elkötelezettség, valamint a szervezeti elkötelezettség és szervezetpolgári magatartás összefüggését a munkahelyről való kilépési szándékkal az öndeterminációs elmélet, azaz az alapvető pszichológiai szükségletek munkahelyi kielégülése keretében. Módszer: Az online kutatásban (N = 324) vidéki és fővárosi általános és középiskolai tanárok vettek részt. A változók közötti összefüggéseket egy útmodell segítségével, valamint szóasszociációk és szakmai remények-félelmek kvalitatív elemzésével vizsgáltuk. Eredmények: Az eredmények alapján az mondható, hogy kutatásunkban a tanárok mintáján a legfőbb munkaorientáció az elhivatottság és a társas beágyazottság, melyek az alapvető pszichológiai szükségletek kielégülése mellett hatással vannak a szakmai és szervezeti elkötelezettségre. A szakmai elkötelezettség mint legerősebb meghatározó tényező mellett a szervezeti elkötelezettség is negatív kapcsolatban áll a kilépési szándékkal. A kvalitatív adatok elemzése megerősíti és ki is bontja ezt az összefüggést: az elhivatottság, a tanítás öröme, a társas kapcsolatok munkahelyen megtartó erővel bírnak, ugyanakkor rávilágítanak a pálya rendszerszintű és egyéni nehézségeire, a tanárok anyagi helyzetüktől és pályaváltástól való félelmeire is.
Geoarchaeological Study of Kyshkala During the 11th–15th centuries AD
Authors: Eleuov Madyar , Sala Renato , Deom Jean-Marc , Taleev Dokei , Moldakhmet Arkhad , Esen Syrym
Published: October 2024

Between 2018-2022, the archaeological study of the medieval town of Kyshkaka (11th–15th centuries AD) represented a new investigative focus on the pre-Mongol and post-Mongol history of Syr Darya delta and, more specifically, of the Upper Jana Darya basin. As a result of these studies, Kyshkala (Barchinkent), located at the centre of the delta, joining Jankent at the estuary and Sygnak at its mouth, one of the three richest medieval urban zones of the delta region, endowed with the highest potential for irrigation and urbanization, has been examined. In addition to excavations, this study benefited from the fruitful application of geoarchaeological methods, macro-scale surveying and mapping, climate-environmental analyses, radiometric dating, and statistical evaluations. Supported by the systematization of historical sources and archaeological reports, the reconstruction of the development of the urban complexes of the region, the analysis of the hydrological and water supply systems, and the absolute dating of Kyshkala town have been attempted. The research results allow the discussion of some crucial points of the history of the Upper Jana Darya basin, in particular, concerning the socio-cultural continuity between the pre-Mongol and post-Mongol periods, which was broken only with the establishment of Timurid rule, and the important function played by Kyshkala as a powerful political and Muslim centre that blossomed under the Golden Horde, influencing all the surrounding region from the 12th to the 14th centuries.
In Memorium: Donald S. Whitcomb, a Founder of Islamic Archaeology
Authors: Asa Eger A.
Published: October 2024

Donald Scott Whitcomb
April 27, 1944–February 8, 2024
Risk Factors for Implant Failure Following Transcrestal Sinus-Floor Elevation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Jie , Weng Mengjia , Zhu Zheng , Li Jing
Published: October 2024

Although transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE) is widely used for cases of insufficient residual bone height in the posterior maxilla, few studies focus on the risk factors of early implant failure associated with TSFE procedures. This study aimed to identify and summarize the possible risk factors of implant failure associated with TSFE to ensure a more predictable implant survival rate using TSFE. We report the treatment of a patient with implant failure following TSFE and discuss this case’s possible associated risk factors. A standard implant with a diameter of 4.8 mm and length of 10 mm was used after the TSFE procedure. Implant loosening was suddenly observed 6 weeks after the initial surgery. Factors that could result in early implant failure included patient-related risk factors, anatomical factors of the operational area, and operation- and implant-related factors. Within the current study’s limitations, the graft material particles between the implant surface and socket could be considered a direct risk factor resulting in implant failure. Therefore, more attention should be paid to socket cleaning during the TSFE procedure, and loose particulate grafting materials should be discouraged. Another significant consideration for implant loss is the possibility of fractures in the buccal or palatal cortical plates during the site preparation and implant insertion. Thus, these factors should be studied further and receive more clinical attention.
Transactionalism in India’s Foreign Policy, Case Study: India-European Union Relations
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Jaskólska Aleksandra
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the dominant role of transactional drivers in India’s foreign policy towards the European Union (EU). The article hypothesizes that India is trying to use its relationship with the EU in primarily transactional ways to achieve its own foreign and economic policy goals rather than to advance shared norms and values as democratic powers. Those goals include (i) leveraging its global image and reputation as a trusted and credible international partner, (ii) gaining greater regional and global influence, (iii) attracting foreign investment and boosting Indian exports. The article begins by explaining the concept of transactionalism in foreign policies. Secondly, it identifies the main drivers of India-EU relations with a special focus on (i) the concept of non-alignment and strategic autonomy in India’s foreign policy, (ii) common norms and values shared by India and the EU, (iii) economic cooperation between India and the EU. Thirdly, it assesses the transactional dimensions of the drivers of Indian foreign policy toward the EU discussed in the preceding sections. Finally, it evaluates the significance of India’s attempts to use its relations with the EU to achieve its own foreign and economic policy goals, including with respect to the implications for the EU’s efforts to project itself as a normative power in relations with India.
Relationship between ocular motility and motor skills
Authors: López de la Fuente Carmen , Eider Bereau Iridoy Eider , Pardo Sofín Paula , Cebrián Lafuente José Luis , Berdejo Víctor , Ruiz-Garros Cristina , López-de-la-Fuente María José
Published: October 2024

The primary aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between ocular motility and motor skills in school-age children. Participants included 142 schoolchildren (mean age: 7.08 ± 0.61 years) who completed a computerised version of the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test while their eye movements were recorded, and Northeastern State University College of Optometry's Oculomotor test (NSUCO). Children were classified into three groups based on their level of motor performance, which was measured by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2). The group with typical motor performance had higher percentiles for both vertical and horizontal time, fewer errors, number of saccades, fixations, and regressions, and faster test performance. Visual test results correlate with the motor assessment outcomes; correlations are weak or moderate. Our findings emphasise the interconnectedness of motor and ocular motility. Hence, including evaluation of visual and motor proficiencies at school age would help to detect struggles in these crucial areas of development.
A mesterséges intelligencia és az etika
Authors: Négyesi Imre
Published: October 2024

A gépi tanuló algoritmusoknak köszönhetően a számítógépek ma már katonai feladatokat is elláthatnak. Ennek megfelelően mindenképpen vizsgálnunk kell a katonai felhasználás során felmerülő etikai kérdéseket és a mesterséges intelligencia egyéb humán vonatkozásait is.
A hévízi Zrínyi Miklós magyar királyi honvédtiszti gyógyház, 1933–1944
Authors: Hausner Gábor , Padányi József , Süli Attila
Published: October 2024

A mozgásszervi betegségek a két világháború között a m. kir. Honvédség állományába tartozókat is erőteljesen sújtották. Az 1933-ban megnyitott Zrínyi Miklós magyar királyi honvédtiszti gyógyház 1944 szeptemberéig tartó mûködése során összességében mintegy 4-5 ezer ízületi bántalmaktól szenvedő nyugállományú és aktív honvédtiszt és tisztfeleség, valamint hadiözvegy számára nyújtott gyógyulást. A gyógyház jellege fennállásának utolsó éveiben átalakult, a zajló világháború sérültjeinek rehabilitációja került előtérbe. A Szerzők levéltári források, sajtótudósítások és a gyógyház fennmaradt vendégkönyve alapján rekonstruálják az intézményben folyt betegellátást és a betegek körét. A dokumentumokból megállapítható, hogy az akkor kialakított protokollok és gyógyítási elvek némelyike napjainkban, az utódintézményben, a Magyar Honvédség Egészségügyi Központ, Honvédkórház, Hévízi Mozgásszervi Rehabilitációs Intézetben is érvényben van.
Katonai vezetői szerepek a Magyar Honvédségben
Authors: Szücs Péter
Published: October 2024

A katonai vezetői szerepek figyelembevétele fontos része a katonai vezetésnek. A katonai vezető által alkalmazott szerep befolyással van a katonai szervezet működésére, és az hatást gyakorol a szervezeti célok elérésére. Negatívan vagy pozitívan képes azt változtatni, amely időhúzást vagy akár időnyerést, esetleg humánerőforrás kiáramlást vagy morális állapotromlást is elõidézhet. A jól megválasztott vezetői szerep teszi a vezetőt különlegessé, egyedivé. A katonai közegben köztudott tézis, hogy mindig a vezető alapján ítélik meg az általa vezetett katonai szervezetet.
Honvédelmi alapismeretek a felsőoktatásban tanulók nézőpontjából
Authors: Stummer Judit , Visi Tibor
Published: October 2024

A tanulmány empirikus adatokra támaszkodva szemlélteti az egyetemeken szabadon választható „Honvédelmi alapismeretek” tantárggyal kapcsolatos hallgatói véleményeket. A felsőoktatásban történt adatfelvétel eredményei rávilágítanak többek között a fiatalok honvédelem iránti elkötelezettségére, az esetleges katonai szolgálatvállalás iránti szándékára is. Az adatgyűjtés 2020 februárjában zajlott.
Humánpolitikai kihívások NATO-tagságunk múltja és a honvédség jövője szemszögéből – 2. rész
Authors: Jobbágy Zoltán , Krizbai János
Published: October 2024

A tanulmány a NATO-haderők személyi feltételrendszerének kihívásai szemszögéből tekinti át a honvédség humánpolitikai rendszerének elmúlt negyedszázadát. A jövőbe tekintő elemzés hangsúlyos szempontját jelentik azok a kérdések, melyet a NATO-tagság követelményei orientáltak.
Literacidad crítica, invisibilidad social y género en la formación del profesorado de Educación Primaria.
Authors: Ortega Sánchez Delfín , Pagès Blanch Joan
Published: October 2024

Understanding critical literacy as the ability to emerge the domain of critical reading and writing to the transforming action of the environment, this study aims to identify, on the one hand, the positioning of teachers of primary education in initial training to different social problems and on the other hand, dealing with the diagnosis treatment of otherness, social invisibility and gender in the educational intervention. By formulating these objectives, it aims to answer the narrative ways of future teachers who achieve satisfactory levels of critical comprehension of different social and historical stories, priority, about an outstanding social problem: gender inequality. By applying qualitative methods of content analysis, the ideas and propositions of narratives generated by students have been reduced to their coding into three pre-established categories of analysis: technical-exclusive perspective, socio-assimilationist perspective and critical-transformative perspective. These categories have been mapped to three curricular concepts: traditional, maximalist and criticism. The results report the persistence of traditional reading practices oriented to literal and inferential comprehension, and to a lesser extent, criticism of social discourse, assigning the participants to dominant traditional curricular perspectives, to the detriment of critical positions and transforming students. The data obtained confirm the need to implement specific programs for teacher training to acquire critical skills, from the concept of criticality as an indispensable element in identifying ideologies, discourses and hegemonic conceptions of reality for social action.
Cartografía temática y recursos TIC en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Geografía regional de Europa
Authors: Macía Arce Xosé Carlos , Rodríguez Lestegás Francisco , Armas Quintá Francisco Xosé
Published: October 2024

In this article, we present a classroom experience with university students in training to be secondary school geography teachers. It is based on a didactic proposal using thematic cartography (Eurostat, ESPON, ESPON-SIESTA and the Information Society Atlas in Galicia) and ICT resources (statistical sources, free picture banks, aerial photography, Google Earth and Google Maps). The proposal´s aim is to use contents from the regional geography of Europe as a base or starting point to show a series of didactic recommendations for the teaching and learning of geography and social sciences. What is more, everything is with a clear idea, from a descriptive and rote geography to an active and critical geography, in which students participate in the construction of knowledge and increase their ability to reflect on geographical issues. The results of the experience will highlight the value of these tools in secondary education. We had also previously assessed the presence of thematic cartography and ICT resources within the required official Galicia curriculum to teach geography in compulsory secondary education.  The idea is to deepen the value of the curriculum in didactic code, to know what tools it offers, how it offers them and with what intentions. This solution, among other opportunities, will allow us to identify a curriculum offering a specific teaching model. On the other hand, it will also give us the opportunity to firmly rebuke all the proposals considered to be erroneous, repetitive, or of little didactic value.
Educar en memoria histórica y democrática a través de la educación patrimonial: el antipatrimonio
Authors: Estepa Giménez Jesús
Published: October 2024

A decade ago we began a line of research on historical memory education that we have linked through controversial heritages with our work on heritage education, since heritage can be a carrier of memories of a conflictive nature. This article aims to be a review of the results of our research in this regard, proposing what heritage education can contribute, through anti-heritage, to the why, what and how of teaching historical memory, singularly in our country, but not exclusively. The relevant socio-environmental problems with which anti-heritage connects are linked to negative social values, discordant with democracy, human rights, peace and non-violence, hence its didactic potential for controversy, but also its difficulties for teaching and the learning; we will focus on disciplinary, didactic, curricular, textbooks and the development of critical thinking in students. Such difficulties and limitations have led many teachers, especially in our country, to choose to avoid teaching memory in formal education. Therefore, it is very necessary to introduce significant changes in the official curriculum and textbooks, but it is essential to improve classroom practices, because teachers have not been taught how to teach these topics. This training will help students learn critical thinking skills and educate themselves as citizens committed to the defense of Human Rights, peace and democratic coexistence.
Franquismo y memoria democrática: el continuo reto de la formación ciudadana en Secundaria
Authors: Andreu-Mediero Beatriz , Fernández-Fernández Alba
Published: October 2024

Promoting political education in young people, along with instilling democratic values, is essential in our students' classroom training. However, fifteen years after the implementation of Spain's law of historical memory and amidst years of debate on the necessity of building a democratic memory around our recent history, teachers continue to face challenges when teaching recent Spanish history, encompassing the Civil War, Franco's dictatorship, and the Transition. How do students interpret present-day events in relation to the historical curricular contents they have studied during Secondary and Baccalaureate education? 
This paper presents an approach to understanding the perceptions of students in the 1st and 2nd years of the Baccalaureate regarding current issues related to Francoism and democratic memory. The students had been exposed to the conceptual contents of this historical period during their 4th year of ESO and 2nd year of the Baccalaureate when the study was conducted. Our research relies on the analysis of three specific questions in a questionnaire designed to elucidate their perception of a pressing social problem, exemplified by the exhumation of Franco from The Valley of the Fallen. This approach seeks to shed light on key aspects of the teaching and learning of history, particularly in the context of secondary education.
Análisis de las acciones ciudadanas del alumnado al estudiar la dictadura civil militar chilena
Authors: Soto Yonhson Andres , Jiménez María Soledad
Published: October 2024

Various measurements on the civic values of young Chileans have shown their inclination to justify dictatorships in the case of offering order, security or economic benefits, in addition to the validation of violence to resolve conflicts. Considering this background, the purpose of this article is to analyze the citizenship actions that students develop in the present and project in the future to protect democracy and human rights during the study of the Chilean dictatorship, based on a wide variety of historical documents. This is an exploratory qualitative research that analyzes, from the methodology of content analysis, 70 answers developed by 35 students belonging to two high school classes of a private school in Santiago, Chile. The results show that the students consider themselves in the present and project themselves in the future as active citizens committed to democracy and human rights. Thus, actions such as valuing the vote, listening to those who think differently, staying informed, participating in demonstrations, respecting others and learning from the past are the most relevant for the participants. In spite of the above, the responses of the young people also show that they avoid conflict and understand their exercise of citizenship as part of their individual personal development, in addition to showing little knowledge about institutions, civil organizations and the multiple forms of political action that people can develop.
Sobre la enseñanza del pasado democrático en España. Alumnado, polarización y redes sociales
Authors: Delgado Ander
Published: October 2024

The aim of this text is to reflect on the teaching of democratic memory in Spain, focusing on history students, and encourage a debate on how to work on this important subject in the classroom to build and strengthen democracy. To achieve this, three different aspects are dealt with. Firstly, the analysis of the new legislation on democratic memory shows the opposing views on the republican period and the Civil War that have been observed in the parliamentary procedure of this law. Secondly, it connects the process of political polarisation observed in Spain, as well as the relevance of these contradictory visions of the past in it, with the students’ previous conceptions in order to understand their reception in the teaching of history. This polarised context, as it is proposed, should be considered as an influential element in young people’s attitudes towards history. Thirdly, based on the importance of social networks today, these reflections are complemented by the study on the interpretation of the Paracuellos shootings in Madrid in the autumn of 1936, which appeared on the social network Twitter/X. The aim is to show what kind of discourses on the Spanish history young people may be receiving.
Uso de imágenes como contenidos multimodales durante la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Loaiza Yasaldez , Aristizabal Ospina Leydi
Published: October 2024

This text presents, broadly speaking, the development and research results obtained from the work carried out with some social sciences teachers from the municipality of Manizales (Department of Caldas, Republic of Colombia). With them, sought to verify the impact of technological innovation and its ability to strengthen teaching processes in classrooms is recognized. Likewise, the assumed hypothesis was that such processes can be successful, if visual and multimodal texts are used; in order to transmit knowledge in a more interactive way and without sacrificing the complexity of the content. At the same time, the unforeseen circumstance, at the time of the beginning the investigation, of the Covid-19 pandemic is considered: this fact meant an opportunity for teachers to solve, with creativity and patience, the different educational challenges posed by an event of global magnitudes. To demonstrate the use of said visual and multimodal texts by Social Sciences teachers, before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, the case study method was used as a basis for the application of semi-structured interviews with eight educators from the Educational and University Institute of Caldas (IEUC) in the city of Manizales, between the years 2021 and 2022. From the results obtained from these interviews, the need to implement actions and strategies, such as public policies, is concluded to achieve new literacy in the digital and visual field; also considering the cultivation of critical thinking in the classrooms.
¿Qué sabemos sobre cómo formar docentes para la educación en ciudadanía en México?
Authors: Latapí Escalante Paulina , Estrada Rebull María del Mar
Published: October 2024

This study represents an initial effort to characterize what is known -and what is not- about how to prepare teachers for citizenship education in Mexico. This scantly explored question is necessary to transform said training, and consequently, to transform citizenship education. Using a qualitative approach and a hermeneutic method, the documentary analysis of a bibliographic selection was combined with the analysis of three in-depth interviews carried out with teacher educators with extensive experience in the field. One conclusion is that the systematized and substantiated knowledge on how to prepare teachers for citizenship education is limited. More can be inferred from what is known about its problems, such as its excessively theoretical nature, its dependence on the teacher preparators’ own experiences within the educational system rather than specialized or updated approaches, and the difficulties of practicing critical and experiential approaches to citizenship education in rigid and traditionalist contexts. However, the results also point to possible directions to reverse a status quo in teacher preparation which seems to persist despite successive educational reforms, including the current one.
La formación inicial del profesor para la ciudadanía en una universidad pública del Perú
Authors: Palomino Paredes Juan Carlos , Roca Flores Pinto Daniel Fabian , Alvarado Alvarado Ingrid
Published: October 2024

Being a teacher today has regained new importance in the formation of citizens. On one hand, we want individuals who are critical and committed to their time, and for this, it is essential to understand the world we live in, to position ourselves within these new contexts of change and regulations. We are participants in the global and national crises, migration and its integration issues, as well as the political, economic, social, and cultural tensions of each region—factors that should enable us to provide responses in educational settings through critical reflection and participatory action. This academic work presents a qualitative and descriptive approach, arising from the analysis of documents related to the educational policy of our country: the General Education Law of Peru, the National Education Project, curricular plans, as well as the syllabus of the History and Geography degree program at a public university, with the aim of identifying, categorizing, and analyzing the subjects where citizenship-related issues are addressed, either explicitly or implicitly. 
Finally, after conducting a documentary analysis of the syllabus from the History and Geography degree program at a public university in Lima, we present a discussion of the findings and the respective conclusions. It is important to mention that, regarding teacher training for citizenship, there are various Peruvian studies that provide a complementary perspective on the gaps between the teacher training intended to be provided at universities and the development of social science subjects in schools.
Los datos, una nueva arma para el activismo en derechos humanos
Authors:   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Sánchez Tamayo Robinson , Yate Cortes Stephania ,   Universidad de los Andes
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se analiza cuál es el rol de los datos en el activismo de las organizaciones que promueven los derechos humanos. Considerando que herramientas como los indicadores y el big data tienen un gran impacto en la formulación de política pública y moldean cómo se perciben muchas problemáticas sociales, cada vez más las organizaciones deben conocer y emplear datos cuantitativos. Estas herramientas son consideradas tanto mecanismos de gobernanza como un campo de disputa, por lo que se incluye y excluye de la realidad. Utilizando métodos cualitativos se delimitó el estudio para conocer cuáles son las dificultades que se afrontan frente a este tema desde la experiencia de organizaciones que trabajan por los derechos de las personas de los sectores LGBTIQ en Bogotá y de personas viviendo con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en Colombia. Al respecto, se encontró que estas organizaciones aún se encuentran en un proceso de familiarización con el uso estratégico de datos y enfrentan significativas limitaciones frente a las capacidades técnicas y económicas que se requieren para su uso.
El vicediós siempre es ateo. Paradojas del rol político de los vicepresidentes en los gobiernos de América Latina
Authors:   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Polack Ana , Ramírez Chaparro César Alejandro ,   Escuela Superior de Administración Pública
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se analiza el rol de los vicepresidentes en momentos de crisis presidencial, combinando el análisis institucional con un estudio comparativo de casos en los que la actuación del vicepresidente y su relación con el Poder Legislativo tuvo incidencia en la gobernabilidad latinoamericana. El análisis responde a las preguntas: ¿el vicepresidente puede ser un factor desestabilizante de los gobiernos presidencialistas?, ¿cuáles diseños institucionales latinoamericanos favorecen que surjan vicepresidentes problemáticos? El resultado que se pretende explicar es el potencial desestabilizador de los vicepresidentes «desleales» o de la misma institución vicepresidencial y su contribución a situaciones de caída presidencial o de crisis de gobernabilidad sin caída. Se propone que para analizar el comportamiento leal o desleal de los vicepresidentes —y sus consecuencias— deben combinarse factores institucionales y políticos. Se examinan condiciones institucionales como reglas de sucesión, reelección, mecanismos de selección y reemplazo, y la asignación de funciones extraordinarias o el nombramiento en otros cargos públicos. Igualmente, se analizan factores políticos relacionados con la estructura de la coalición de gobierno, el tamaño de la bancada, la trayectoria y la relevancia política del vicepresidente.
Le Mauff, Julien. (2024). L’empire de l’urgence. PUF.
Authors:   Universidad del Pais Vasco, Urteaga Eguzki
Published: October 2024

En el más reciente libro de Julien Le Mauff se aborda con originalidad un tema sumamente actual: el imperio de la emergencia que acaba debilitando a la política. Muestra cómo el estado de emergencia tiende a generalizarse hasta el punto de convertir lo excepcional en normal y lo temporal en permanente. De ese modo, procede a una remodelación en profundidad del Estado de derecho, lo que pone en peligro ciertos principios básicos de las democracias liberales como la separación de poderes y la garantía de las libertades fundamentales. Para ello moviliza los autores y los conocimientos de la historia, de la filosofía y de la ciencia política.
Reformas a la contaduría pública en Colombia: un momento para reflexionar sobre el futuro de la profesión
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Castaño Rios Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2024

El mundo enfrenta actualmente cambios vertiginosos, muchos de estos impulsados por la evolución de la tecnología y por el cambio climático, aspecto este último que debería estar en la cúspide de cualquier discusión que afecte la acción pública o privada. En este contexto, la contaduría pública ha sido cuestionada y por múltiples razones, se ha visto envuelta en escándalos corporativos como Saludcoop, Reficar, Interbolsa delosAndes Cooperativa, en particular, por no estar al tanto de los casos de corrupción o exceso que por las cuentas de estas entidades circulaban.
El principio de progresividad y el impuesto a la renta de las personas naturales en Colombia
Authors:   Universidad de Medellín, Uribe Raúl , Betancur Hector Darío ,   Universidad de Medellín
Published: October 2024

Colombia es una de las economías con mayor nivel de desigualdad de la región en la distribución del ingreso, de allí que se recurra a la progresividad del tributo como mecanismo de política fiscal para una adecuada distribución del ingreso y un esfuerzo para disminuirla. Sin embargo, la relación de confianza Estado/Contribuyente se ha fracturado porque se percibe que dicha progresividad recae sobre una pequeña porción de la población en el caso del impuesto de renta, lo que se traduce en una baja moral tributaria de las personas y su disposición por no tributar. Precisamente, el presente documento se propone hacer un análisis del cumplimiento del principio de progresividad en el impuesto a la renta aplicable a las personas naturales en Colombia. Este documento es de carácter descriptivo, analítico y propositivo.
La evasión fiscal y la eficiencia del Estado: reflexiones en torno al caso colombiano
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Cabrera Jaramillo Ruby Stella , Aguirre Ríos Albeiro ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Montoya Idárraga Bibiana Alejandra ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Álvarez Garcés Eliana Marcela ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
Published: October 2024

En este artículo reflexivo, se examina el fenómeno de la evasión fiscal, destacando el uso cada vez más sofisticado de estrategias por parte de quienes buscan evadir impuestos y defraudar al Estado. Su objetivo es analizar cómo estas prácticas socavan el contrato social al obstaculizar la capacidad estatal de proveer adecuadamente bienes y servicios públicos, redistribuir el ingreso y estabilizar la economía. Para lograrlo, se parte de un análisis documental sobre el contrato social, la obligación tributaria, la evasión fiscal y los paraísos fiscales, lo cual conduce a la conclusión de que la evasión fiscal ha evolucionado hacia una industria transnacional que concentra la riqueza y genera altos niveles de desigualdad y pobreza. De acuerdo con este contexto, resulta preocupante que la evasión fiscal se haya convertido en una actividad altamente protegida y difícil de combatir, desafiando la autoridad y la fuerza de la ley. Por tanto, es indispensable implementar medidas más efectivas y sólidas para abordar este problema y garantizar un sistema fiscal más justo y equitativo. La contribución de esta reflexión es la caracterización de las conductas evasoras en relación con el contrato social y la forma de contrarrestarlas.
Una aproximación Pedagógica y Didáctica para la Promoción de la Investigación Formativa en los Programas de Contaduría Pública
Authors:   Universidad del Cauca, Aguilar Burbano Andrés Felipe
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo, estructurado como una exploración documental, busca discernir y categorizar estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas que optimicen la formación investigativa en el ámbito de la educación profesional. La finalidad específica de este artículo es proporcionar un compendio de metodologías que, en el contexto singular de la contaduría pública, sirvan como insumo valioso para que los docentes de este campo de formación profesional puedan adaptarlas y aplicarlas de manera efectiva en su praxis educativa. A pesar de que este texto tiene una orientación eminentemente teórica, los factores que motivaron su realización, devienen de las observaciones y experiencias acontecidas al interior del programa de la Fundación Universitaria de Popayán (FUP); allí se identificó un contraste notorio, pues a pesar de la clara intención de integrar la investigación en el currículo, los resultados en términos de competencias investigativas y producción académica de los estudiantes, no ha sido el esperado. Esta disparidad llevó a reflexionar profundamente sobre la efectividad de las estrategias y enfoques pedagógicos implementados en el aula, y la posibilidad de generar nuevas apuestas.
Prevalencia de uso de cigarrillos electrónicos en estudiantes de Medicina en Colombia, 2023
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Gómez-Gallego Diana Maryory , Higuita-Gutiérrez Luis Felipe ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Rendon-Marin Santiago ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al uso de cigarrillos electrónicos en estudiantes de Medicina de cuatro ciudades de Colombia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de prevalencia en 594 estudiantes de Medicina de las ciudades de Medellín, Santa Marta, Villavicencio y Pasto, seleccionados con un muestreo no probabilístico. Se determinó la prevalencia de uso de cigarrillos electrónicos en la vida, y a diario o casi a diario. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 21,9 ± 4,1 años; el 68,5 % fueron mujeres; la prevalencia de uso de cigarrillos electrónicos en la vida fue del 18,5 % (n = 100) y la prevalencia de uso diario o casi a diario fue de 7,7 % (n = 46). La prevalencia fue significativamente más alta en los hombres (or ajustado = 3,1; ic 95 % = 1,6-5,8) y en quienes refieren ingresos del hogar menores a un salario mínimo (or ajustada = 4,3, ic 95 % = 1,5-11,9). Conclusión: Se encontró una alta prevalencia de uso de cigarrillos electrónicos, coherente con lo descrito en otros estudios del ámbito mundial. Este hallazgo pone de manifiesto la necesidad de implementar acciones para promover la conciencia sobre los riesgos asociados con el uso de cigarrillos electrónicos. Además, como futuros profesionales de la salud y responsables de la prevención y la salud pública, los médicos en formación tienen un papel modélico crucial para fomentar prácticas saludables y respaldar políticas que regulen la venta y el consumo de estos productos
LETRAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO E SUAS INTERFACES COM A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: UM MAPEAMENTO EM GRUPOS EDUCACIONAIS DE CAPITAL ABERTO
Authors: Pereira Bruno Gomes , Linhares Toniazzo Gladis Salete
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos da inteligência artificial no contexto de formação pedagógica oferecida por grandes grupos educacionais de capital aberto no Brasil. A fundamentação teórica está alojada no campo interdisciplinar dos estudos do letramento, especificamente na interface entre as pesquisas que versam sobre letramento tecnológico e inteligência artificial aplicada à educação. A metodologia é constituída por um estudo documental de abordagem qualitativa, considerando os dados levantados pelo Sindicato das Mantenedoras de Ensino Superior no que compete à mensuração dos serviços prestados por instituições de ensino superior no país, nos anos de 2023 e 2024. A pesquisa revela que, independentemente do nível de escolaridade, houve, na última década, um aumento de empregos, em que, notadamente, profissionais com ensino superior completo da educação a distância ou do presencial têm maior empregabilidade e possibilidade de empreender.
EFEITO DE POSITIVIDADE NA MEMÓRIA NO ENVELHECIMENTO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Tavares Patricia , Waltz Schelini Patricia
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Levantar e analisar as evidências científicas quanto ao efeito da positividade na capacidade de memória de idosos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada nas bases de dados Medline, PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase e Cochrane, com a utilização dos descritores não controlados “memory”, “positivity effect” e “older adults”. A pergunta norteadora foi elaborada segundo a estratégia PICO, enquanto a redação do presente estudo baseou-se na metodologia PRISMA. Resultados: Um total de 876 artigos foram levantados, destes 19 foram selecionados. Em relação às características gerais dos estudos, China (6) e Estados Unidos (4) apresentaram o maior número de trabalhos. O ano de 2019 concentrou o maior número de artigos publicados (9). Na maioria dos estudos (10), se utilizou de imagens provenientes do International Affective Picture System como estímulos para manipulação de valência de emoções. Em relação ao tamanho amostral, 11 dos estudos contaram com mais de 100 participantes. A memória de reconhecimento foi o subsistema que concentrou o maior número de investigações (9). Conclusão: Em relação ao efeito de positividade na capacidade de memória de idosos, os estudos, em sua maioria evidenciam tal efeito, em congruência com a literatura gerontológica. Conclui-se, que os estudos reconhecem o efeito de positividade na memória na população idosa como decorrente à cognição motivada e orientada por mudanças, segundo metas e delineamento de objetivos considerados positivos.
Programa Interdisciplinar de Reflexión, Formación, Acción para la Enseñanza de la Lectura Crítica
Authors: Morales- Escobar Ibeth , Londoño María Deyanira , Doria Correa Rudy
Published: October 2024

Esta investigación pretendió analizar los cambios generados en las concepciones y prácticas de enseñanza de la Lectura Crítica de profesores de grado noveno de la Institución Educativa Camilo Torres (Colombia), luego de la implementación de un programa interdisciplinar de formación acción en el que se concibió la lectura no solo como herramienta de acceso a la información, sino como forma de interacción y de interpretación de la realidad. Se enmarcó en el enfoque cualitativo y el método de investigación-acción con técnicas como el grupo de estudio trabajo, entrevistas semiestructuradas y la observación. Las prácticas de enseñanza pasaron de ser empíricas a intencionadas y fundamentadas; con un cambio del enfoque de enseñanza superficial a otro de carácter psicolingüístico, metacognitivo e interactivo discursivo. Los hallazgos revelaron que el trabajo colectivo e interdisciplinar entre maestros de diferentes áreas se constituye en una práctica potente para la superación de problemas que son comunes a la escuela de hoy, como es el caso de la lectura crítica.