bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Photodynamic Therapy for Advanced Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction
Authors: Cai Wanlu , Hu Xiaoxiong , Sheng Jianwen , Fan Huizhen
Published: July 2021

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of tumors. Compared with traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, PDT has the advantages of targeted killing of primary and recurrent tumor cells, less damage to surrounding normal tissue, less complications and high repetition rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term efficacy and adverse reactions of photodynamic therapy in advanced elderly patients with esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma without surgical indications. A patient with advanced adenocarcinoma of esophagus and fundus was treated with photodynamic therapy under gastroscope. Intravenous drip of Cipofen (hematoporphyrin injection 150mg / 0.9% saline 250ml) for 1 hour to keep the patient away from light.48 hours after administration, photodynamic therapy was performed with "Leimai" PDT630-A photodynamic therapy apparatus, 3cm columnar optical fiber, laser treatment wavelength of 630nm, transmission efficiency of 0.70, output power of 1.4W, irradiation at the lower segment of the esophagus and cardia for 150s. The curative effect was evaluated by comparing gastroscopy before and after photodynamic therapy. Before treatment, there were proliferative lesions in the lower part of esophagus and cardia, erosion and necrosis on the surface, stricture of esophageal cavity, huge ulcer near gastric fundus, filthy moss and dam-like hyperplasia and eminence of surrounding mucosa. After treatment, the local mucosa at the entrance of cardia became white and there was no bleeding. Within four days after treatment, the symptoms of nausea and vomiting disappeared; the adverse reaction of retrosternal discomfort began to occur on the second day after operation, and the adverse reaction was not improved after photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy has a significant short-term effect on advanced elderly patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, which can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms and relieve the pain of the patients. However, the adverse reactions can not be ignored. Therefore, photodynamic targeting therapy for tumor needs to be further studied. It is believed that with the continuous development of high-performance photosensitizers and new generation lasers, and the continuous progress of endoscopy and image guidance technology, photodynamic therapy will become an important adjuvant or palliative treatment for tumor prevention and treatment.
Observation on the Therapeutic Effects of Wenjing Decoction on Menstrual Disorders
Authors: Zhang Diancui , Cui Junxia , Gai Shuwen , Zhao Tongzhen , Wu Liqiang
Published: July 2021

Objective?To treat patients with menstrual disorders with Wenjing Decoction and analyze its therapeutic effects. Methods?80 patients with menstrual disorders were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into two groups (experimental group and control group), with each group given different treatment methods. The control group was given conventional Western medical treatment while the experimental group was given Wenjing Decoction treatment, and the effects of different treatment methods on the patients were compared. Results: The total number of effectively treated patients in the experimental group (39 cases, 97.50%) was more than the that of the control group (25 cases, 62.50%), and the quality of life score of the experimental group (91.56±4.44 points) was higher that of the control group (81.72±3.19 points), and the number of menstrual recovery cycles (1.11±0.41) was less than that of the control group patients (2.42±1.25 times), P<0.05. Conclusion: The application of Wenjing Decoction for patients with menstrual disorders can significantly improve the treatment efficacy and is beneficial to improve the quality of life of the patients and shorten the number of cycles that menstruation starts to return to normal.
Discussion and Research on Orthopedic Biomechanics Testing Technology
Authors: Liang Jinkui , Liu Wanzong , Wang Xiuxiu , Li Yuanyu
Published: July 2021

With the continuous development of today's science and technology, orthopedic research has also achieved continuous updates in materials and machinery. In this case, the mechanics testing technology of orthopedics also needs to be further updated and developed, so that it can effectively meet the requirement for today's orthopedic mechanical testing. Based on this, this article analyzes several advanced orthopedic mechanics testing techniques. It is hoped that this analysis can provide a reference for the good application and development of orthopedic mechanics testing technology.
Expression and Clinical Significance of Hypoxia-related Factors HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Hong Chen , Xu Donghong , Qiao Haizhi , Li Jinmei , Zhang Jinku
Published: July 2021

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of hypoxia inducible factors HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in breast cancer. Methods: Eighty patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and 40 normal tissues adjacent to cancer were selected. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in breast cancer and normal tissues adjacent to cancer, and their relationship with clinicopathological features of breast cancer and prognosis was explored. Results: The positive rates of HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in normal breast tissues. HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 expressions are positively correlated in breast cancer. Conclusion: HIF-1a, Gli-1 and MMP9 proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Comparison of Laparotomy and Laparoscopic Surgery for Ectopic Pregnancy at High Altitude
Authors: Li Jiani , Zhuo Ga
Published: July 2021

In this paper, by comparing the clinical effects of laparotomy and laparoscopy on the recovery of ectopic pregnancy, 70 patients with ectopic pregnancy in the people's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous region from April 2017 to April 2019 were selected as the control group who received laparotomy. 35 patients in each group were treated by laparoscopy to compare the recovery of the two groups. To solve the problem of which method of operation for ectopic pregnancy in plateau area is better, and to promote the operation for better recovery of patients in the future.
Discussion on Prevention and Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Orthopedic Perioperative Period from Spleen and Stomach Meridians
Authors: Wang Jinlu , Zan Qiang , Xie Sirui
Published: July 2021

Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity is one of the common complications in orthopedic perioperative period. It is caused by many factors, such as peripheral vein dilation, slow blood flow, long-term immobilization, bed rest and so on. On the one hand, it affects the early postoperative functional exercise and functional recovery, on the other hand, it increases the length of hospital stay and economic burden, increases the pain of patients and even endangers their lives. Effective treatment of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine can play a better role in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. This study expounds the concept of spleen and stomach meridians in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, and puts forward some opinions on the dialectical treatment and daily conditioning of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, hoping to provide ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in traditional Chinese medicine.
Application Effect of Detail Nursing in Neurosurgery Patients
Authors: Li Yongqi , Xu Fengmei
Published: July 2021

Objective: To explore the effect of detail nursing in neurosurgery. Methods: 72 cases of neurosurgery patients in our hospital from July 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the research sample, and they were divided into detail nursing group and routine nursing group, with 36 cases in each group. The retrospective analysis method was used to compare the effect of nursing intervention between the two groups. Results: The scores of anxiety (23.25±1.97*), depression (25.75±2.53*) and social activity ability (23.13±2.36*) in detail nursing group were higher than those in routine nursing group; The nursing satisfaction of detail nursing group was 35 cases (97.22%), significantly higher than that of routine nursing group 26 cases (72.22%), P < 0.05, with statistical significance. Conclusion: Through the details of neurosurgery patients nursing means, to improve the prognosis of patients with recovery and improve the quality of life have significant effect, can reduce the complications of patients with prognosis, improve the patient's cognition of details of nursing, reduce the contradiction between doctors and patients, improve nursing satisfaction, has high clinical application and promotion value.
Clinical Effect of Posterior Internal Fixation and Fusion in the Treatment of Thoracolumbar Fractures
Authors: Liu Tianhui , Cui Jianmin
Published: July 2021

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of posterior internal fixation and fusion in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. Methods: 36 patients with thoracolumbar fractures from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected and divided into study group and control group according to the random number table model. The control group was treated with anterior internal fixation, while the study group was treated with posterior internal fixation and fusion. The indexes of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: Compared with the operation related indexes of the two groups, the study group had more advantages (P< 0.05);The postoperative kyphosis Cobb angle, height of anterior and posterior vertebral body, wedge index of the two groups were better than those before operation (P< 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05);There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of posterior internal fixation and fusion in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures is significant, and the body damage is slight, which is worthy of comprehensive promotion.
A Research About the Current Situation of Insulin Injection Provided by Clinical Nurses Under Kap Model on Linzhi, Tibet
Authors: Liu Yuyao , Zou Haihua , Dong Lijuan , Liu Lihong , Zhang Tefan , Huang Jiewei
Published: July 2021

Objective: to investigate the current situation of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses under KAP(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice) model on Linzhi, Tibet, and to discuss and analyse the influence factors. Methods: using a self-design questionnaire a questionnaire about the current situation of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses under KAP model on Linzhi, Tibet to investigate 268 clinical nurses in Linzhi, Tibet, who were chosen through random sampling method, in order to analyse the ‘KAP’ scoring and the influencing factors. Results: The scoring of ‘Knowledge’ is (65.642±10.313), the scoring of ‘Attitude’ is (55.478±8.099), the scoring of ‘Practice’ is (42.493±6.647), the total scoring is (163.612±19.292). The related influence factors, including hospital, department, academic credentials, professional qualifications and whether receiving diabetes specialized training, have statistical significance (P value?0.5). Conclusion: The KAP of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses in Linzhi, Tibet is on middle level. For nursing managers, it is strongly advised that a normative.
Study on the Cure Rate of Invisible Headgear Orthodontic Opening Deep Occlusion of Anterior Teeth
Authors: Wang Longfeng
Published: July 2021

Objective: To explore the cure rate of bracketless invisible headgear orthodontic for opening deep occlusion of anterior teeth. Methods: 10 cases with deep occlusion of anterior teeth were selected. All of the patients were admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. All selected patients received bracketless invisible headgear orthodontic treatment. We took CBCT (cone beam CT) before and after orthodontics) lateral cranial radiographs and curved tomographic radiographs to analyze the effect of orthodontic treatment in 10 patients. Results: The changes of 10 patients before and after the orthodontic treatment were not significant in U1-SN, U6-SN, MP-FH (P>0.05); the U1-PP of the patients all decreased by 3~5mm. Compared with the effect before orthodontic treatment, the difference is significance(P<0.05); The tooth loosening didn’t occur obviously in 10 patients. And 2 patients (20.00%) had mild root resorption in the anterior teeth. Conclusion: The effect of invisible headgear orthodontic treatment without brackets is significant in orthodontic treatment of patients with deep occlusion of anterior teeth. The pressure of the upper anterior teeth can reach as low as 3~5mm. The cure rate of deep occlusion of open anterior teeth is high. The orthodontic method is comfortable, with beautiful appearance, which is easier to be accepted by patients.
Efficacy and Safety of Omeprazole and Amoxicillin in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer
Authors: Liu Jie , Xiao Minghui , Hui Jianping
Published: July 2021

Objective: To study the effect of omeprazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of patients with gastric ulcer. Methods: 88 patients with gastric ulcer in our hospital from March 2018 to March 2020 were selected as research subjects and divided into experimental group (44 cases were treated with omeprazole + amoxicillin) and control group (44 cases were treated with omeprazole). The therapeutic effect, positive rate of breath test before and after treatment, recurrence rate within half a year and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the experimental group (97.73%, 43 / 44) was higher than that of the control group (84.09%, 37 / 44), P < 0.05; After treatment, the positive rate of breath test in the experimental group (22.73%, 10 / 44) was lower than that in the control group (47.73%, 21 / 44), P < 0.05; The recurrence rate in the experimental group was 4.55% (2 / 44), which was significantly higher than that in the control group (20.45%, 9 / 44), P < 0.05; The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (9.09%, 4 / 44) was significantly lower than that in the control group (15.91%, 7 / 44), P < 0.05. Conclusion: In the process of clinical treatment of gastric ulcer, omeprazole combined with amoxicillin has significant effect, not only the recurrence rate is low, but also the incidence of adverse events should be less, and the treatment is safer.
Research Progress of Continuous Blood Purification in the Treatment of Severe Sepsis in Children
Authors: Wang Weikai , Du Yun , Cheng Aiqin , Liu Shunli , Wei Lin , Li Jianna , Wang Yirong , Wang Li
Published: July 2021

Pediatric sepsis is the most common disease in pediatric critical illness, because the main reason for the disease is that children's immune level is not high or the immune system is not perfect, when children's lung, abdominal cavity and blood system are infected, it will cause systemic inflammation and immune dysfunction. Early clinical symptoms are mainly irregular and intermittent fever. When the disease develops to severe sepsis, the children will suffer from acute heart failure, oliguria, respiratory alkalosis and even multiple organ failure. The incidence of death is high. It is reported that the incidence rate of sepsis in children can reach 0.3%, and the mortality rate is 50%. High incidence rate, high mortality rate and high treatment cost are the biggest problems in the pediatric field. In the past, the clinical hope of clearing away heat and toxin, promoting blood circulation and removing stasis, strengthening inflammation and other methods in traditional Chinese medicine, but the treatment effect is not ideal. With the improvement of modern medical understanding of sepsis, continuous blood purification therapy is introduced into the treatment of children with severe sepsis. In order to further explore the effect of continuous blood purification in the treatment of children with severe sepsis, the author summarizes the clinical practice experience and relevant literature, hoping to provide reference for relevant medical staff.
Investigation and Research on the Psychological Status of Children and Adolescents During the Epidemic Period of COVID-19
Authors: Zhong Hongping , Wang Juanjuan , Wang Xuemei , Wang Cuicui
Published: July 2021

Objective: The paper was to analyze the investigation and study of the psychological status of children and adolescents during the epidemic period of COVID-19. Methods: From March 5th to 11th, 2020, 1766 students from 8 to 18 years old in Yan'an area were taken as the research objects, and the psychological characteristics of this group of people during the epidemic period of COVID-19 were analyzed by the online questionnaires. Results: In the questionnaire, all children and adolescents were in good psychological conditions, and they had not shown serious negative psychological emotions, and they attached great importance to COVID-19. Conclusion: The psychological changes of children and adolescents during the epidemic period of COVID-19 are diverse. Most children and adolescents have a good mental state, and a few have negative psychological emotions. It can strengthen the psychological management of children and adolescents during the epidemic, and promote the healthy growth of children and adolescents clinically.
Analysis of Zhang Hongxing's Clinical Experience in Treating Chronic Cough
Authors: Zheng Wenguang , Zhang Hongxing
Published: July 2021

Director Zhang Hongxing is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctor in Shandong province and a teacher in the Famous TCM Expert Studio in Dezhou city. He has rich clinical experience and considerable experience in the treatment of common clinical chronic coughs. Director Zhang Hongxing believes that chronic cough belongs to the category of "wind cough" and "long-term cough" according to TCM. TCM diagnosis should start from the four aspects of "wind evil residing in lung", "liver", "spleen and stomach", and "yang deficiency". Starting from viewing the human body as an organic whole, distinguish between deficiency or excess in cold and heat, and clinical treatment for cough should focus on dispelling "wind", regulating the functions of liver, spleen, and stomach, and supplementing the body's yang. Formulate treatment based on different categorization, and modify prescription according to the symptoms, and the treatment effects are remarkable.
The Application of Quality Control Circles to Reduce the Cost of Non-priced Consumables in Department of Oncology
Authors: Zhang Xiaofang , Luo Jinglan , Dai Rui , Wang Lu , Wei Jieli , Liang Yingying , Huang Qiugui , Liu Yuyao
Published: July 2021

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of using quality control circle (QCC) techniques to reduce the cost of non-priced consumables in medical oncology. Methods: Analytic statistics were compiled on the performance appraisal form. Aiming at the key points of improvement with respect to the excess cost of non-valuable consumables, the reasons were analyzed, and corresponding measures were formulated to compare the cost before and after the improvement. Results: After the QCC activity, the cost of non-priced consumables decreased from RMB 6.57/bed day to RMB 3.96/bed day. Conclusion: QCC has effectively reduced the cost of non-priced consumables in the oncology department, and it is worthy of promotion.
Current Status of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Li Rong , Song Zongliang , You Qingxiao
Published: July 2021

Diabetic peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is one of the common chronic complications of diabetes. The main clinical manifestations of PVD are numbness and coldness of the limbs, resting pain, intermittent claudication, and other symptoms. The combined treatment involving Chinese and Western medicine for PVD has various clinical methods and definite curative effects. It is worthy of in-depth clinical research and application.
Effects of Vasculogenic Mimicry on Postoperative Recurrence and Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ling Baoyong , Peng Aiqin , You Jijun , Zhang Zhisheng , Li Weichun , Qian Yayun , Liu Yanqing , Chen Jue
Published: July 2021

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in lung cancer shortens overall survival (OS) but its’ associations with postoperative recurrence and progression of early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of VM with postoperative recurrence and progression of NSCLC as well as the effect of VM on postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS). This study included NSCLC patients and detected VM in surgical specimens. The associations of VM with the recurrence and progression were analyzed to assess the effect of VM on postoperative RFS in NSCLC. A total of 80 NSCLC cases were followed up for 3 years. During follow-up, 35 cases showed recurrence and progression where 5 (6.25%) cases had simple local recurrence and the other 30 (37.5%) cases had distant metastasis. The recurrence and progression rates in the first, second, and third years were 12.50%, 23.75%, and 7.50%, respectively. The median RFS was 14.2 months. VM was detected in 30 out of 80 cases and was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation (r = 0.365) and clinical stage (r = 0.374) (both, P = 0.001). Local recurrence of NSCLC was not correlated with VM, unlike distant metastasis (r = 0.598, P < 0.001). Average RFS was significantly longer in NSCLC patients without VM compared with the VM group 3 years post-operation (32 months versus 18 months, log-rank test P < 0.001). Considering these, VM is significantly correlated with postoperative distant metastasis of NSCLC in which it is of a certain value for predicting poor prognosis in NSCLC.
Ambiente de negócios, insegurança jurídica e investimentos: elementos para a formulação de políticas públicas no Brasil
Authors: Cavalcante Luiz Ricardo Mattos Teixeira
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é sistematizar os aspectos de natureza institucional que concorrem para os baixos níveis de investimento no Brasil. Com base em dados do Banco Mundial e da Fondation pour le droit continental, esses aspectos são associados i) à precariedade do ambiente de negócios; e ii) aos elevados níveis de insegurança jurídica no país. A precariedade do ambiente de negócios é atribuída a três aspectos: i) carência de incentivos para que os agentes públicos busquem simplificar procedimentos no âmbito da administração pública; ii) reduzido rule of law, que induz à imposição de uma excessiva e rigorosa fiscalização ex ante; e iii) exigências redundantes resultantes da ausência de coordenação entre os diversos órgãos de governo e entre os entes da federação. Em particular, a carência de incentivos para simplificar procedimentos caracteriza uma espécie de “apagão das canetas”, uma vez que os agentes públicos evitam dar sequência aos processos burocráticos por temerem posterior questionamento judicial de seus atos. A insegurança jurídica é atribuída aos seguintes aspectos: i) existência de normas ambíguas e dispersas e, portanto, sujeitas a múltiplas interpretações; e ii) instabilidade jurisprudencial, que é caraterizada pela multiplicidade e pela dissonância de entendimentos no momento de aplicação das normas jurídicas. Busca-se, assim, reunir elementos para a formulação de políticas públicas capazes de elevar as taxas de investimento no Brasil por meio da melhoria do ambiente de negócios e da redução da insegurança jurídica.
Participação da mulher na política brasileira
Authors: Costa Ricardo Sérvulo Fonsêca da , Varela Gonçalves Rogério Magnus
Published: July 2021

A participação da mulher na política brasileira perpassa invariavelmente pela forma como o machismo se manifesta quando encontra mulheres ocupando lugares de prestígio que geralmente são preenchidos por homens. É inegável que em todas as partes do mundo as mulheres continuam sendo marginalizadas na esfera política uma vez que os cargos de poder foram historicamente ocupados por homens. Existem vários dados que comprovam como essa situação se perpetua até os dias de hoje e existem vários fatores que contribuem para a baixa participação das mulheres na política e para essa realidade ser assim, tão desigual. Às vezes a baixa participação vem de leis discriminatórias e da falta de acesso das mulheres à educação, por vezes vem de práticas culturais que produzem estereótipos limitadores sobre o gênero feminino. Não é fácil para uma mulher chegar a um cargo de liderança e muitas vezes quando elas finalmente conseguem ocupar os espaços de poder majoritariamente masculinos, elas recebem uma enxurrada de julgamentos e ataques justamente por serem mulheres. Segundo dados divulgados pela União Inter-Parlamentar, o Brasil tem uma das taxas mais baixas do mundo de presença de mulheres no Congresso Nacional, ficando atrás até mesmo de países do Oriente Médio. Em que pese políticas públicas voltadas para incentivar a participação da mulher na política, sabe-se que esse espaço de poder continua sendo predominantemente masculino. O presente estudo se propõe a fazer um breve apanhado histórico da participação da mulher na política desde o seu início até os dias atuais. De modo a se alcançar o objetivo proposto, o aporte metodológico utilizado como subsídio ao estudo privilegiou material acadêmico e referências bibliográficas atinentes à matéria.
Complexidade, direito e a necessidade de (re)integração da espécie humana a Gaia
Authors: Jung Pedro Ernesto Neubarth , Rocha Leonel Severo
Published: July 2021

A temática ambiental, transcende as fronteiras sociais criadas pela espécie humana, ao mesmo tempo em que se encontra perfeitamente interligada à sobrevivência dessa na Terra. Tal fato atrelado a complexidade social contemporânea norteia a proposta do presente estudo, que objetiva analisar a possibilidade da espécie humana se (re)integrar ao planeta Terra, a fim de evitar um colapso futuro de ambas. Nessa esteira, pretende-se responder a seguinte problemática com no presente artigo: é possível ao ser humano, diante da alta complexidade social em que se encontra inserido contemporaneamente, regressar a um estado semelhante ao de suas origens, no que diz respeito a comunicação com o Meio Ambiente, com intuito de salvaguardar a existência do planeta Terra, em si, bem como da(s) espécie(s) (humana) que se encontram inseridas, qual o papel do sistema do Direito, nessa implexa relação. Para tanto, utilizar-se-á como teoria base para realização da presente pesquisa a Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais Autopoiéticos, de Niklas Luhman, acompanhado do método indutivo de pesquisa, bem como a revisão de bibliografias nacionais e internacionais, com intuito de se chegar a uma resposta ao problema, esperando-se, assim encontrar meios de se mostrar ser possível (re)aproximação da espécie humana a Gaia, o que propiciaria uma melhora das condições dessa, bem como da subsistência da espécie humana.
The indicator of cell membrane permeability of wheat seedlings in assessing stress resistance of wheat varieties
Authors: Gurova T. A. , Svezhintseva E. A. , Chesnochenko N. E.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of studies on the use of the permeability index of cell membranes, determined by the relative change in the specific electrical conductivity (EC) of water extracts of tissues of spring wheat seedlings, varieties Novosibirskaya 18, Novosibirskaya 44, Sibirskaya 21 and Omskaya 18, under the combined action of stressors. In model laboratory vegetation experiments, the hourly dynamics of the EC of water extracts of seedling leaves (exposure of leaves to water for 0.5-4.5 h) was investigated under the simultaneous action of chloride salinity (1.3%) and the causative agent of common rot of cerealsBipolaris sorokinianaShoem. (5000 conidia per grain). It was established that EC increased by 1.5 times and the rate of electrolyte leakage increased twofold in the less resistant variety Novosibirskaya 44 compared to the more resistant Omskaya 18. The daily dynamics of the EC of 10-16-day-old seedlings was studied under the sequential action of seed hyperthermia (43 °C), chloride salinity (1.3%), andBipolaris sorokinianaShoem. (5000 conidia per grain). The protective effect of hyperthermia was established in the more resistant variety Sibirskaya 21 (a decrease in EC up to 1.3 times) in comparison with the variant without heating the seeds. In the less resistant variety Novosibirskaya 18, heating the seeds destabilized the state of the cell membranes (increase in EC and electrolyte leakage rate by 1.5 and 1.2 times respectively). The conditions that ensure the identification of the maximum differences in the studied wheat varieties were experimentally determined: the age of seedlings 10 days, the time interval of exposure of the samples to water 1.5-4.5 h. Intervarietal differences in the relative change in the EC values in the variant without heating the seeds were 1.9 times and in the variant with heating the seeds - 3.7 times, with the significance of difference at the levelsp≤ 0.05 andp≤ 0.01. Intervarietal differences in the relative change in the EC, established for the time interval exposition of electrolytes leakage of 1.5-4.5 h, were 1.50-1.67 times with the significance of difference at the level ofp≤ 0.05. The proposed approach will make it possible to develop a methodology for assessing new genotypes for resistance to the combined action of biotic and abiotic stressors.
Commercial cross breeding of dairy cattle with beef bulls in Western Siberia
Authors: Inerbaev В. О. , Khramtsova I. A. , Inerbaeva A. T.
Published: July 2021

The results of commercial cross breeding of dairy cattle with meat bulls are presented. Scientific and economic experiments were carried out in Omsk and Novosibirsk regions. Ranked cows of the red steppe breed were selected for the experiment. They were artificially inseminated with the semen of bulls of the red steppe, Kalmyk and Hereford breeds. Bulls of each genotype were selected from the calves born and three groups were formed by the method of analogue groups: 1st control - the red steppe, 2nd experimental - crossbreed of Kalmyk × the red steppe, 3d experimental – crossbreed of Hereford × the red steppe. In the second experiment two groups were formed from castrated bulls of Simmental and Hereford breeds × Simmental hybrids: 1st control group of Simmental breed, 2nd experimental group - Hereford × Simmental hybrids. A highly reliable superiority in the live weight of young animals of the 2nd and 3d experimental groups was revealed. From the age of 9 to 15 months, it was 16.5-77.3 kg (p <0.05-0.001) compared to animals in the control group. In the group of the red steppe x Hereford, slaughter yield was 58.6%, which is higher than that of the first two groups, by 1.9 and 1.8% (p <0.05), the carcass weight was 209.3 kg, the red steppe - 172.2 kg (p <0.01). In the second experiment at the age of 8, 12, 15 and 18 months, the bulls of the 2nd experimental group outperformed the peers of the 1st control group by 15.2-29.4 kg (p <0.05-0.001). Their slaughter yield was higher than that of the control group, and accounted for 57.8%. In two experiments, crossbred groups of animals were characterized by a better meat productivity. Commercial crossbreeding of dairy cows with beef breeds of bulls allows to increase meat productivity and increase the population of the meat cattle.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND STUDY THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME SCHIFF'S BASES, AND 1,3 - OXAZEPINE COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG
Authors:   1Lecturer Dr. Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. enaam.f@csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq, F. Mousa1 Enaam
Published: July 2021

This study including synthesis of some new Schiff bases compounds [1‐6] from the reaction of Sulfamethoxazole drug with some aromatic aldehydes in classical Schiff base method then treatment Schiff bases with succinic anhydride to get oxazepines rings [7-11]These derivatives were characterized by melting point, FT‐IR, 1H NMR and mass spectra. Some of synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antibacterial activities against three kinds of pathogenic strains Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by agar diffusion disk method, and against the fungal species (Candida). The results showed that some of these derivatives have good antibacterial activities compared to biological activity of parent drug.
Guía de elaboración de plan de marketing y comercial para la producción de panela en el distrito Jilili - Perú
Authors:   Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, Ortega Ponce Laura Ximena , Yerovi Ricaurte Elke Jacqueline ,   Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, Molina Oleas Wilson Octavio ,   Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, Encalada Méndez Adriano ,   Municipalidad Provincial de Ayabaca-Piura
Published: July 2021

La presente publicación se enfoca en analizar las estrategias planificadas y llevadas a cabo en los últimos años y sus resultados en diferentes proyectos que analicen las diferentes aspectos a tomar en cuenta en la distribución y comercialización de la panela orgánica y entidades gubernamentales, a fin de proporcionar herramientas que le permitan a las organizaciones mejorar su gestión vender más y mejor, detectando las carencias más inmediatas, identificando las mejores alternativas disponibles para mejorar la imagen, la marca y diseñar estrategias óptimas que permitan cubrir aquellos aspectos más relevantes y así poder alcanzar los objetivos empresariales a corto, mediano y largo plazo.
SECULAR AND RELIGIOUS LEGAL SYSTEMS IN MODERN REALITY: RELATIONSHIP ISSUES
Authors: Dubinina Elena , Vorontsova Viktoria
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration and study of existing in modern reality religious and legal families, which have their own sources and specific features. The analysis of the difference between religious, legal, and secular legal families, as well as their connection and interaction with each other.
Nanosentezde Yeşil Mühendislik Kavramı ve Çevre Mühendisliğindeki Yeri
Authors: YAKUT Şennur Merve , KARATAŞ Mustafa
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada ağırlıklı olarak, son yıllarda artan çevreci yaklaşıma uygun yeşil nanomalzemelerin üretimi ve çevre mühendisliğindeki kullanım alanlarına değinilmektedir. Bilim insanları, özellikle nüfus artışı ve endüstrileşme sonucunda ortaya çıkan çevre kirliliği sonucunda, bu kirliliği durdurmak ya da en aza indirgemek için çalışmalar gerçekleştirmektedir. Bu çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı geleneksel kimyasal içerikli yöntemlere dayanmaktadır. Ancak, bu durumda bir taraftan kirleticiler etkin bir şekilde giderilirken bir taraftan da ikincil bir kirlenme ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu yüzden doğal yollarla üretilmiş nanopartiküller önem kazanmıştır. Çevreci yaklaşımla sentezlenen nanopartiküler, tamamen biyolojik kökenli materyaller kullanılarak oluşturulmaktadır. Böylece çevre için zararlı çözücü maddeler yerine tamamen doğal bileşenler kullanılmakta ve arıtım verimi yüksek nanomalzemeler üretilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, yeşil kimya ve nanoteknoloji kavramları birleştirilerek gerçekleştirilen bu nanomalzemelerin gelecekte daha çok kullanılacağı düşünülmektedir.
Yürünebilirliğin Nitel ve Nicel Veriler Üzerinden Ölçülmesi; Düzce Örneği
Authors: MIHÇI Zeynep , KAYA Ayşegül
Published: July 2021

Yürümek bireylerin günlük hayatlarında sıklıkla yaptıkları kolay ve kullanışlı bir ulaşım çeşididir. Aynı zamanda sağlıklı bir aktivite olan yürüme, bireyler arasındaki etkileşimi arttırmakla kalmayıp, kent kullanıcılarının ekonomik olarak kalkınmasını, sosyalleşmesini sağlarken, kent ile kentli arasında bağ oluşmasına da yardımcı olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla yürünebilirlik mekânda yaşam kalitesi ve yaşanabilirlik ile bağdaştırılan fiziki bir ölçüt olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yürünebilirlik kavramı, fiziki mekânlarda ölçülebilir bir kavramdır. Toplumsal mekânı yürünebilirlik açısından değerlendirmek için niteliksel ve niceliksel olmak üzere kentsel tasarım ölçütleri bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırma yürünebilirlik olgusunu nitel ve nicel veriler üzerinden ölçmeyi hedeflemektedir. Düzce ili Spor Sokak ve Gaziantep Caddesi çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmada nitel verileri elde etmek ve mekânsal algının ölçülmesi için anket yöntemi, nicel verileri elde etmek için ise, kaynak tarama, gözlem, fotoğraflama, GIS gibi yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Ankette katılımcıların sosyo-demografik yapı analizi yapıldıktan sonra mekâna yönelik algılarını ölçmek adına canlılık, çeşitlilik, kimlik, anlaşılabilirlik, güvenlik, konfor ve bağlantılılık ile ilgili sorular sorulmuştur. Mekansal analizler için ArcGIS (10.7) programı kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler sokak ölçeğinde yürünebilirlik ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Kentsel mekân olan sokakların her yaş, cinsiyet ve sosyo-kültürel gruptan insanlara hitap edecek şekilde tasarlanmasının yürünebilirliği artıran önemli bir etmen olduğu, çeşitlilik ve ulaşılabilir olma özellikleri ile de desteklenmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Tasarım kararları alınmadan önce bu gibi sosyal analizlerin yapılmasının önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın bölgede yapılması planlanan kentsel tasarım projelerine bir altlık olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Determination of Regional Soil Structure Earthquake Risk Distribution of Buildings by Street Survey Method: The Sample of Bilecik Province
Authors: ATEŞ Ali , POYRAZ Semiha , ÇOBAN Ömer
Published: July 2021

Earthquake is a natural phenomenon that cannot be ignored in Turkey as in the world. Since Turkey is located in the earthquake zone, research on these issues has increased in recent years in Turkey. In this study, the effects of the earthquake on the reinforced concrete and masonry/mixed buildings in the central neighborhoods of Bilecik province were examined by the Street Survey Method. In this context, a total of 1391 buildings including 1021 reinforced concrete and 370 masonry/mixed buildings on the central districts of Bilecik were examined. The average building earthquake scores for the reinforced concrete and masonry/mixed buildings of each neighborhood were calculated. In terms of reinforced concrete buildings, Bahçelievler, Cumhuriyet, Gazipaşa, Ismetpaşa and Istiklal neighborhoods were found to be at Low Risk in terms of Building Earthquake Safety, while Beşiktaş, Ertuğrulgazi and Hürriyet neighborhoods were found to be Safe in terms of Building Earthquake Safety. All masonry/mixed buildings were found to be Safe in terms of Building Earthquake Safety.
Düşük Dolum Oranında İkili Karışımlarla Yüklü Üniform Olmayan Atımlı Isı Borusunun Deneysel İncelenmesi
Authors: MARKAL Burak , VAROL Ramazan
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada, düşük bir dolum oranında ikili karışımlarla yüklü, üniform olmayan kanal profiline sahip düz plakalı kapalı döngülü atımlı bir ısı borusunun ısıl performansı ve akış davranışı deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneyler kapsamında iş akışkanı olarak, etanol (E) ve metanolün (M) farklı hacim oranları (E:M = 1:1, 1:2 ve 2:1) için elde edilen ikili karışımları kullanılmıştır. Dolum oranı %20 olarak sabit tutulmuş olup; 0o, 45o ve 90o olmak üzere üç farklı eğim açısında çalışılmıştır. Akış davranışı yüksek hızlı kamera ile elde edilen eş zamanlı görüntüler üzerinden irdelenmiştir (saniyede 1000 görüntü). Yapılan çalışma sonucunda; karışım oranının çalışmaya başlama performansı üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu; artan metanol oranı ile ısıl performansın arttığı ve ısı borusunun, tüm karışım oranlarında, yer çekimi desteği olmadan da çalışabildiği belirlenmiştir. Isı transfer karakteristiklerinde artan eğim açısıyla iyileşme gözlemlenmiştir. Akış görüntüleri aracılığıyla, akış pasajları içerisindeki fiziksel olaylar tanımlanmıştır.
Optimization Packed Bed Column Reactor Parameters for Enzymatic Hydrolyzing of Lactose
Authors: MAZLUM Sevim , BOYACI Prof.dr İsmail , MUTLU Mehmet
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study to increase the conversion ratio of lactose hydrolysis to glucose and galactose via packed bed reactors containing immobilised enzyme and design a reactor that will achieve a high conversion ratio in continuous systems. For this purpose, the dynamic properties of a packed bed reactor containing immobilised β-galactosidase enzyme on Duolite A 568 resin were determined by a stimulus-response technique and moment analysis. The relation between kinetic behaviour and The dynamic response was determined via Peclet number (Pe) and Damkohler number (Da). This study was completed with the development of a mathematical model using parameters such as flow dynamics, column geometry, enzyme immobilization performance and the behaviour of the enzyme in the column. According to the results, the particle size, L/D ratio and flow rate appropriate for this system were determined as 390 m, 10 and 4 mL/min, respectively. Furthermore, 55% conversion of lactose from milk was obtained using the enzyme immobilized packed bed reactor.
Book Review: Corinne Fowler, Green Unpleasant Land: Creative Responses to Rural England's Colonial Connections
Authors: Clark Alison
Published: July 2021

This is a review of the book Green Unpleasant Land: Creative Responses to Rural England's Colonial Connections by Corinne Fowler, published in December 2020.
Book Review: Joshua G. Adair and Amy K. Levin (eds), Museums, Sexuality and Gender Activism
Authors: Ostow Robin
Published: July 2021

A review of Museums, Sexuality and Gender Activism edited by Joshua Adair and Amy Levin.
Gordofobia: Una deuda en el campo de la psicología
Authors: Gallardo Ana
Published: July 2021

La gordofobia se puede entender como las actitudes, estereotipos sociales negativos y prejuicios hacia las personas con sobrepeso (Harris et al, 1990), que pueden ser acompañados de actos de violencia (Noronha & Deufel, 2014), barreras ambientales (Friedman, et al, 2008) o barreras sociales (De Domingo & Guzmán, 2014). De este modo, la “Gordofobia” compone un sistema de opresión que pone al sujeto en una situación de desventaja, injusticia y exclusión que se reproduce de forma sistemática y estructural (Bastos, 2019).

El presente artículo de reflexión tiene como objetivo, plantear el estudio de la Gordofobia como una tarea pendiente dentro de la psicología, y a cuestionar los paradigmas desde el que se entiende el cuerpo.
Análisis sobre los procesos de conflicto y tensión, presentes en la transición social de género de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) trans, desde la perspectiva de diferentes familiares vinculados/as a estos/as
Authors: Alvarado Morales Sofia
Published: July 2021

Las infancias trans han ido visualizándose dentro de los últimos años, debido al alzar de voz de sus familiares organizadas. Este artículo enfoca los procesos de conflicto y tensión presentes en la transición social niños/as o adolescentes trans, abordando las vivencias de actores vinculados/as a ellos/as (familiares, educadores y psicólogos/as). Parte del escrito forma parte de una tesis realizada en 2018, su Análisis de Contenido Cualitativo, muestra resultados orientados sobre la socialización familiar de la situación del/a NNA, con discursos revestidos de tensiones entre los diversos/as integrantes. Se concluye que existe inicialmente un rechazo a la identidad, seguido por intentos de encauzamiento del/la NNA hacia su género asignado, en razón de estereotipos, imaginarios como por adulto-centrismo. Se interioriza la emergencia del NNA de ser escuchado/a y reconocido/a, sin derribar por completo las estructuras del género binario, provenientes de una estructura sexual de géneros reguladora de todas las relaciones sociales.
Cytotoxic Effects of Trifolium pratense, Baptisia australis, and Rubus idaeus Extracts on CHO-K1 Cells
Authors: Ryan Deweese  , Ryan Hunter  , Connor Davey  , Christina Stacy  , Dorota Abramovitch  , Diana Ivankovic  , Donna Weinbrenner
Published: July 2021

The cytotoxic effects of red clover, blue false indigo, and red raspberry plant extracts were evaluated on CHO-K1 cells. The hormone-dependent CHO-K1 cells are ovarian cells derived from Chinese hamsters. Trifolium pratense (red clover) extracts were obtained from the blossoms and leaves of the red clover plant. Baptisia australis (blue false indigo) extracts were obtained from the roots, stems, and leaves of the blue false indigo plant. Rubus idaeus (red raspberry) extracts were prepared from the fruits of the red raspberry plant. Two methods, soxhlet and microwave assisted extractions, were utilized and evaluated for their effectiveness in producing phyto extracts. Methanol was the solvent used in both methods. In all experiments, the CHO-K1 cell line was exposed to the different extracts for a period of 48 hours. An MTS assay was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the cytotoxic capabilities of each extract at different concentrations on the CHO-K1 cell line. After the collection of all the data, the 1:1 combination of red clover and red raspberry extracts, obtained via soxhlet extraction, yielded the most potent cytotoxic effects on the CHO-K1 cell line.
How obesity influence psoriasis severity in developing countries
Authors: Mohammad Samiul Huq  , Abu Hena Chowdhury  , Saleheen Huq
Published: July 2021

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis consisting of a genetic component, immune dysfunction, and environmental factors. It is associated with numerous comorbidities including psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. The dietary habits in industrialized nations promote high-fat, high-salt, and high-sugar diets with excess caloric intake resulting in an obesity epidemic. Meta-analyses have shown that (1) genetically higher BMI increased the odds of psoriasis occurrence; (2) obesity is associated with higher incidence and prevalence of psoriasis as well as psoriasis severity; (3) obesity is associated with lower efficacy to anti-TNF agents and may predict biologic treatment discontinuation; and (4) weight loss through diet and physical exercise may improve pre-existing psoriasis. Obesity is one of the major public health concerns due to its upward trend in both developing and developed countries. In developing countries, the consequence of obesity not only affects health but also creates a burden on individual and national healthcare budgets. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in developing countries is increasing faster than the world average. This fast-paced growth has been accompanied by notable increases in the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). While obesity is gradually increasing in developing countries, where NCD is yet to implement. If proper NCD program is not implement in right time, severity of psoriasis will increase with increase prevalence of obesity.