bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical observation of patients with primary multiple malignant tumors, including primary multiple melanoma
Authors: Gevorkyan Yu. A. , Soldatkina N. V. , Bondarenko O. K. , Mironenko I. N. , Kolesnikov V. E. , Dashkov A. V.
Published: November 2023

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of patients with primary multiple malignant tumors, which not only affect one or more organs, but also differ in their histological structure. At the same time, melanoma of the skin is a rare localization among primary malignant neoplasms. This nosology accounts for only 3–5 % of all skin tumors. Melanoma is associated with high mortality due to the development of a pronounced metastatic potential, and therefore the study of this malignant formation is of the greatest relevance. Over the past 50 years, the incidence of multiple primary melanoma has increased significantly. At the same time, the number of patients with more than 2 lesions has increased to 18 % of the number of primary multiple melanomas over the past 50 years. This emphasizes the importance of monitoring patients with melanoma and regularly examining patients for new lesions. This article demonstrates a clinical case of a patient with a confirmed diagnosis of a primary multiple disease with melanoma of the skin and rectum. For skin melanoma, the patient underwent a wide excision of the tumor with inguinal-femoral lymph node dissection on the right. Subsequently, radiation therapy and chemotherapy were performed. Further, during a comprehensive examination, the patient was diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the lower ampullar rectum with a transition to the anal canal. The patient underwent laparoscopic-assisted abdominoperineal extirpation of the rectum. Histological analysis revealed nodular melanoma. From the anamnesis of the patient, among the comorbidities, breast cancer, uterine myoma, hemangioma of the liver and lung hamartoma were also identified. The clinical course of all malignant tumors was favorable, without the development of relapses and metastases. The greatest interest in this situation is the primary multiple melanoma in connection with successful treatment with the most unfavorable prognosis. The described clinical observation indicates the need for an in-depth study of cases of primary multiple malignant tumors and the search for mechanisms for a favorable course of malignant neoplasms in this case.
Estudio Descriptivo: Sectorización de la Población Pediátrica con Anemia del Área de Salud de Matina para mejorar la Toma de Decisiones
Authors: Hidalgo Molina José Alonso , Valderrama Ordóñez María Gabriela
Published: November 2023

La caracterización de cualquier patología permite realizar toma de decisiones adecuadas, lo cual posibilita optimizar el recurso disponible para ejecutar las intervenciones necesarias en la población según sea el caso. Para este estudio se sectorizó la población infantil adscrita a los Equipos Básicos de Atención Integral en Salud (EBAIS) del cantón de Matina, con hemoglobina igual o menor a 11.0 g/dL de edades comprendidas entre seis meses y dos años, tomando como referencia el indicador que utiliza la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social (CCSS) para sus compromisos de gestión. Además, posterior a la sectorización se propone una herramienta que permite establecer una priorización sobre la intervención de las comunidades, como lo es el diagrama de Pareto. Para la variable de hemoglobina se determinó promedio, varianza y valor mínimo por sexo. En conclusión, el sector Zona Indígena presentó la cantidad más alta de niños y niñas con anemia y el EBAIS de Estrada obtuvo casos de anemia grave, lo que sugiere sean intervenidos en primera instancia.
Tipos de Salsas y sus Características en la Gastronomía Tradicional del Sur de Campeche
Authors: López Velasco Cecilia de Jesús , Vanoye-Eligio Maximiliano , Naal Espinoza Jocabeth Eunice , Pacheco May Arianna del Angel , Piedra Vazquez Bibiana
Published: November 2023

Las salsas mexicanas son acompañantes fundamentales de los platillos y antojitos tradicionales en la península de Yucatán. Las salsas se elaboran con una amplia variedad de chiles secos o frescos. En la presente investigación se identificaron los tipos de salsas que se elaboran y los platillos asociados en la gastronomía del sur del estado de Campeche. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas abiertas y semi estructuradas con los propietarios de los establecimientos dedicados a la venta de antojitos y platos típicos. Los resultados arrojan que la salsa roja es la de mayor consumo, la cual los comensales la utilizan para acompañar distintos platillos y antojitos. En conclusión se detectó que las salsas tienen un valor cultural en la gastronomía campechana.
The Challenges Experienced by Visually Impaired Students in Moroccan Universities
Authors: Tahiri Halima
Published: November 2023

The current study aims to investigate the challenges and the barriers that encounter visually impaired students in the educational environment, particularly in Moroccan universities. To find out these challenges and barriers, semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 15 visually impaired students from the majority of Moroccan universities through interviews to explain the challenges that these students experience in their studies mainly during the exam. Equally important, this research will examine the impacts of these challenges on the academic performance of this kind of population with disabilities in Morocco. The study found out that students with visual impairment experience four main challenges in Moroccan Universities including administrative, academic, environmental, and social difficulties. On the basis of these findings, a set of recommendations to Moroccan policymakers was made to respond properly to the needs of persons with disabilities, and to deal with these challenges that visually impaired students face when learning and taking exams in higher education regularly.  Indeed, this research will play a crucial role in raising the awareness of Moroccan universities about the meaning of inclusive education and the importance of creating an inclusive and diverse environment where visually impaired students can lean equally as their non-visually impaired peers.
Baron von Humboldt’s Travels to Cuba: Views/Visits from his Personal Narrative
Authors: Valerio-Holguín Fernando
Published: November 2023

Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) traveled a lot and wrote a lot. Belonging to a noble Prussian family, he studied botany, geology, and mineralogy at the School of Mines in Freiberg and at the University of Göttingen. In 1799, at the age of 30, Humboldt undertook a journey of approximately ten thousand kilometers through Spain and America. His two brief visits to Cuba (1800-1801, 1804) resulted in the Ensayo Político sobre la isla de Cuba (Political Essay on the Island of Cuba). Considered a minor book compared to his vast oeuvre, von Humboldt reinvents and takes stock of both the Cuban flora and fauna in what he called “views”. His “personal narrative” or views, which constitute the poetics of his book, do not contradict his politics; on the contrary, they shape it. My purpose in this essay is to examine the aesthetic elaboration of the German naturalist's “views” of the Cuban landscape. Not only is the aesthetic conception of his book romantic, but also its exoticism prefigures, in a certain way, Latin Americanism, as an exotic and magical discourse. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2023 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.
PROSES BERPIKIR SISWA BERDASARKAN TEORI JEAN PIAGET DALAM MEMAHAMI KONSEP PERMUTASI DAN KOMBINASI
Authors: Violeta Sheryl Aurel , Pratama Fika Widya
Published: November 2023

Tidak semua siswa memiliki jalan atau proses berpikir yang sama dalam menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan yang ada. Sehingga guru diwajibkan untuk dapat mengerti bahwa setiap anak memiliki proses berpikir yang berbeda. Dengan penelitian ini, peneliti berupaya untuk mendeskripsikan proses asimilasi dan akomodasi yang terjadi pada siswa lewat materi permutasi dan kombinasi berdasarkan dari tahap Polya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode dokumentasi, tes, dan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan melalui aplikasi video call dikarenakan keadaan yang tidak memungkinkan untuk bertemu tatap muka. Sebelum wawancara dilakukan, subjek diberikan tes tertulis yang kemudian hasilnya dikirim melalui aplikasi line. Peneliti menggunakan teknik purposive sampling untuk menentukan subjek. Kemudian untuk menguji keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan uji triangulasi teknik.  Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah setiap siswa melakukan proses berpikir yang berbeda-beda, bahkan bisa berbeda pada setiap tahapan Polya.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN MATEMATIS MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA SOAL CERITA
Authors: Putri Fransisca Dinna , Malawi Ibadullah , Prasetyowati Arie
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan upaya untuk mengatasi masalah kurangnya pemahaman matematika siswa terhadap soal cerita dengan diterapkannya model Problem Based Learning pada pokok bahasan volume balok dan kubus, di mana guru biasanya hanya memberikan rumus kepada siswa tanpa memberikan pemahaman konsep matematika. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN 01 Madiun Lor yang terletak di Kecamatan Manguharjo, Kota Madiun. Lima belas siswa dari kelas V SDN 01 Madiun Lor terlibat dalam penelitian ini; tujuh di antaranya perempuan dan delapan laki-laki. Pada siklus I, hasil tes akhir pembelajaran yang diperoleh 10 siswa mencapai tingkat keberhasilan 66%. Sedangkan 5 siswa masih belum lolos KKM. Dua belas siswa pada siklus II memperoleh nilai kelulusan 80% pada tes akhir. Tentunya membuktikan keberhasilan peningkatan pembelajaran pada siklus-II.   Dari jumlah siswa yang ada, 11 siswa mendapat nilai yang melebihi Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM), sedangkan hanya 3 siswa dibawah KKM.   Berdasarkan analisis hasil observasi dan tes siswa, diketahui bahwa penerapan model Problem Based Learning efektif meningkatkan pemahaman matematis siswa pada topik volume balok dan kubus.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI PENYAJIAN DATA MELALUI MEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS CANVA
Authors: Andreansyah Arya , Sumani  , Wulandari Asih
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V SD Negeri Mentoro pada materi penyajian data melalui media interaktif berbasis Canva. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V di SD Negeri Mentoro Kabupaten Pacitan yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media interaktif berbasis Canva dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi penyajian data. Peningkatan tersebut dapat diketahui dari persentase jumlah siswa yang mengalami peningkatan keterampilan kognitif mereka, yakni dari 21,875% (7 siswa) menjadi 78,125% (25 siswa) pada sikulus I. Pada siklus I ini terjadi peningkatan sebesar sebesar 56,25 persen. Sementara itu pada siklus II, terjadi peningkatan yang semula dari siklus I sebesar 78,125% (25 siswa), pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 93,75% (30 siswa). Dengan demikian, terjadi peningkatan sebesar 15,625%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media interaktif berbasis Canva dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada materi penyajian data siswa kelas V SD Negeri Mentoro.
PENERAPAN QUANTUM TEACHING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SD
Authors: Vitriani Desti , Nisa Ana Fitrotun , Khosiyono Banun Havifah Cahyo
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Negeri Kepuharjo, Cangkringan Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023 dengan menggunakan model Quantum Teaching. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini menggunakan model Kemmis&Mc Taggart. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kepuharjo, Cangkringan, Sleman. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri Kepuharjo yang berjumlah 23 siswa terdiri dari 15 siswa laki-laki dan 8 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan observasi. Instrumen penelitian adalah soal tes dan lembar observasi. Data penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian dengan menerapkan model Quantum Teaching dengan sintaks TANDUR yang menggunakan teknik pembelajaran bervariasi dan memfokuskan pada keterlibatan siswa dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Negeri Kepuharjo. Berdasarkan tes pada siklus I setelah menggunakan model Quantum Teaching, nilai rata-rata meningkat dari 65 menjadi 79 dengan ketuntasan belajar juga meningkat dari 21% menjadi 91%. Pada siklus II, dengan adanya perbaikan pada siklus I, diperoleh nilai rata-rata 86 dengan ketuntasan belajar menjadi 100%.
PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO PEMBELARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR IPS SISWA SD
Authors: Sunardin  , Kilawati Andi , Kasma Safwan
Published: November 2023

Aplikasi KineMaster merupakan salah satu produk hasil pengembangan teknologi yang bisa dijadikan sebagai sarana penyunting video. Selain praktis dan mudah dipahami, penggunaan aplikasi KineMaster juga terbukti memberikan fleksibitas terhadap pekerjaan dalam membuat media pembelajaran dengan menyunting berbagai video menarik. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan hasil penelitian pengembangan video pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi KineMaster untuk meningkatkan minat belajar IPS siswa SD. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima fase atau tahapan, yaitu (A)nalisys, (D)esain, (D)evelopment, (I)mplementation, dan (E)valuation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelayakan video pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan berdasarkan hasil uji validasi dari ahli media, ahli materi dan ahli Bahasa dengan nilai rata-rata persentase kelayakan 81,86%. Hasil penilaian kelayakan video pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan juga didukung oleh penilaian angket hasil respon siswa. Hasil respon angket siswa setelah uji coba produk video pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan 10,67% dibandingkan dengan sebelum menggunakan produk video pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan. Dengan demikian hasil pengembangan video pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi KineMaster menggunakan model ADDIE efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar IPS siswa SD.
IMPLEMENTASI WAYANG SUKURAGA TERHADAP PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA BERKEBHINEKAAN GLOBAL
Authors: Syafaah Euis , Nurasiah Iis , Nurmeta Irna Khaleda
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan karakter sangatlah penting dalam kurikulum merdeka karena berkaitan dengan penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Penguatan profil pelajar pancasila dapat dilakukan melalui pengenalan budaya yang menjadi karakter peserta didik. Berdasarkan observasi awal didapatkan permasalahan mengenai karakter siswa terutama dalam karakter berkebhinekaan global. Diantara salah satu solusi untuk memecahkan masalah ini yaitu dengan mengenalkan media berbasis kearifan lokal kepada peserta didik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan karakter berkebhinekaan global peserta didik pada siswa kelas IV dengan menggunakan Wayang Sukuraga sebagai media pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas menggunakan model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang dilakukan melalui II siklus dan terdiri dari dua pembelajaran pada setiap siklusnya. Partisipan terdiri atas 28 Peserta didik yaitu 14 laki-laki dan 14 perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan angket. Analisa data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu dengan perolehan skor rata-rata siklus I sebesar 73,03 dan siklus II sebesar 86,25. Dengan demikian dapat dismpulkan bahwa Wayang sukuraga dapat meningkatkan sikap berkebhinekaan global  siswa.
Jinekolojik Onkoloji Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: Danışkan İzel , Bilgiç Dilek , Okumuş Hülya
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Kanser hastalarının pek çok alanda destekleyici bakıma gereksinimi vardır. Çalışmada jinekolojik onkoloji hastalarının destekleyici bakım gereksinimlerinin ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereçler ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipteki çalışma jinekolojik kanser tanısı almış ve iki hastanenin gündüz ve ayaktan tedavi birimlerine kemoterapi ve/veya radyoterapi için başvuran, gönüllü 195 kadın hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (DBGÖ-KF)” ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Jinekolojik onkoloji hastalarının DBGÖ-KF puan ortalaması 77,74±16,14 dür. Özellikle hastaların ruhsal/psikolojik, sağlık hizmeti ve bilgilendirme ve fiziksel/günlük yaşam alanlarında daha fazla destekleyici bakım gereksinimlerinin olduğu ve karşılanmamış olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hastaların yaş, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma durumu, maddi durum algısı, çocuk varlığı, çocuk sayısı, kemoterapi kür sayısı ve tedavi türü değişkenlerinin destekleyici bakım gereksinimleri üzerinde istatistiki yönden anlamlı bir etkinliğin olduğu saptanmıştır (p
Spectroscopy from Photometry: A Population of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at 1.7 ≲ z ≲ 6.7 Selected with JWST Medium Band Filters
Authors: Withers Sunna , Muzzin Adam , Ravindranath Swara , Sarrouh Ghassan T. E. , Abraham Roberto , Asada Yoshihisa , Bradač Maruša , Brammer Gabriel , Desprez Guillaume , Iyer Kartheik , Martis Nicholas , Mowla Lamiya , Noirot Gaël , Sawicki Marcin , Strait Victoria , Willott Chris J.
Published: November 2023

We use JWST/NIRCam medium band photometry in a single pointing of the Canadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey to identify 118 extreme emission-line galaxies (EELGs) over 1.7 ≲ z ≲ 6.7, selected using a set of color cuts that target galaxies with extreme [O iii] + Hβ and Hα emission. We show that our medium band color selections are able to select galaxies based on emission-line EW, which is advantageous to more commonly used selections since it does not require strong continuum emission, and can select galaxies with faint or red continuum fluxes. The median EWs of our sample is EW(Hα) = 893 Å and EW ([O III] + Hβ) = 1255 Å and includes some objects with EW ([O III] + Hβ) ∼ 3000 Å. These systems are mostly compact with low stellar mass (median

log
(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
=
8.03

), low metallicity (median Z = 0.14 Z
⊙), little dust (median A

V
= 0.18 mag), and high SSFR (median SSFR = 1.18 × 10−8 yr−1). Additionally, galaxies in our sample show increasing EW(Hα) and EW([O iii] + Hβ) with redshift, an anticorrelation of EW(Hα) with stellar mass, and no correlation between EW([O iii] + Hβ) and stellar mass. Finally, we present NIRSpec spectroscopy of 15 of the EELGs in our sample. These spectra confirm the redshifts and EWs of the EELGs calculated from the medium bands, which demonstrates the accuracy and efficiency of our color selections. Overall, we show that there are significant advantages to using medium band photometry to identify and study EELGs at a wide range of redshifts.
CECILIA: The Faint Emission Line Spectrum of z ∼ 2–3 Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Strom Allison L. , Rudie Gwen C. , Trainor Ryan F. , Brammer Gabriel B. , Maseda Michael V. , Raptis Menelaos , Rogers Noah S. J. , Steidel Charles C. , Chen 陈 Yuguang 昱光 , Law David R.
Published: November 2023

We present the first results from Chemical Evolution Constrained Using Ionized Lines in Interstellar Aurorae (CECILIA), a Cycle 1 JWST NIRSpec/MSA program that uses ultra-deep ∼30 hr G235M/F170LP observations to target multiple electron temperature-sensitive auroral lines in the spectra of 33 galaxies at z ∼ 1–3. Using a subset of 23 galaxies, we construct two ∼600 object-hour composite spectra, both with and without the stellar continuum, and use these to investigate the characteristic rest-optical (λ
rest ≈ 5700–8500 Å) spectrum of star-forming galaxies at the peak epoch of cosmic star formation. Emission lines of eight different elements (H, He, N, O, Si, S, Ar, and Ni) are detected, with most of these features observed to be ≲3% the strength of Hα. We report the characteristic strength of three auroral features ([N ii]λ5756, [S iii]λ6313, and [O ii]λ
λ7322, 7332), as well as other semi-strong and faint emission lines, including forbidden [Ni ii]λ
λ7380, 7414 and permitted O i
λ8449, some of which have never before been observed outside of the local Universe. Using these measurements, we find T

e
[N ii] = 13,630 ± 2540 K, representing the first measurement of electron temperature using [N ii] in the high-redshift Universe. We also see evidence for broad line emission with a FWHM of

536

−
167

+
45

km s−1; the broad component of Hα is 6.01%–28.31% the strength of the narrow component and likely arises from star-formation-driven outflows. Finally, we briefly comment on the feasibility of obtaining large samples of faint emission lines using JWST in the future.
High-energy Neutrino Emission Associated with GWs from Binary Black Hole Mergers in AGN Accretion Disks
Authors: Zhou Zi-Hang , Wang Kai
Published: November 2023

The search for multimessenger signals of binary black hole (BBH) mergers is crucial to understanding the merger process of BBH and the relative astrophysical environment. Considering BBH mergers occurring in the active galactic nuclei (AGN) accretion disks, we focus on the accompanying high-energy neutrino production from the interaction between the jet launched by the postmerger remnant BH and disk materials. Particles can be accelerated by the shocks generated from the jet–disk interaction and subsequently interact with the disk gas and radiations to produce high-energy neutrinos through hadronic processes. We demonstrate that the identification of the high-energy neutrino signal from BBH merger in AGN disks is feasible. In addition, the joint BBH gravitational wave (GW) and neutrino detection rate is derived, which can be used to constrain the BBH merger rate and the accretion rate of the remnant BH based on the future associated detections of GWs and neutrinos. To date, an upper limit of BBH merger rate density in AGN disks of R
0 ≲ 3 Gpc−3 yr−1 is derived for the fiducial parameter values based on the current null association of GWs and neutrinos.
Pits on Jupiter-family Comets and the Age of Cometary Surfaces
Authors: Guilbert-Lepoutre Aurélie , Benseguane Selma , Martinien Laurine , Lasue Jérémie , Besse Sébastien , Grieger Björn , Beth Arnaud
Published: November 2023

Large and deep depressions, also known as pits, are observed at the surface of all Jupiter-family comets (JFCs) imaged by spacecraft missions. They offer the opportunity to glimpse the subsurface characteristics of comet nuclei and study the complex interplay between surface structures and cometary activity. This work investigates the evolution of pits at the surface of 81P/Wild 2, 9P/Tempel 1, and 103P/Hartley 2, in continuation of the work by Benseguane et al. on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Pits are selected across the surface of each nucleus, and high-resolution shape models are used to compute the energy they receive. A thermal evolution model is applied to constrain how cometary activity sustained under current illumination conditions could modify them. Similar to what was found for 67P, we show that erosion resulting from water-driven activity is primarily controlled by seasonal patterns that are unique to each comet as a consequence of their shape and rotational properties. However, progressive erosion sustained after multiple perihelion passages is not able to carve any of the observed pits. Instead, cometary activity tends to erase sharp morphological features; they become wider and shallower over time. Our results reinforce the evolutionary sequence evidenced from independent measurables to transform “young” cometary surfaces, with sharp surface topography prone to outbursts, into “old” cometary surfaces. Finally, we suggest that the mechanism at the origin of the pits on JFCs should be able to carve these structures in a region of the solar system where water ice does not sublimate; the Centaur phase thus appears critical to understand JFC surface properties.
L’improbable policy mix de la zone euro
Authors: Jaillet Pierre
Published: November 2023

Le traité sur l’Union économique et monétaire définit un modèle original de policy mix où les politiques budgétaires restent sous l’autorité des États membres alors que la politique monétaire unique est déléguée à la Banque centrale européenne, institution fédérale au cœur de l’Eurosystème. Cet article analyse les limites de ce modèle à la lumière de l’expérience des deux premières décennies d’UEM. Il passe ensuite en revue les différentes phases du policy mix de la zone euro depuis 1999, marquées par des revirements parfois brutaux d’une dominance budgétaire à une dominance monétaire. La dernière partie examine les propositions visant à renforcer la gouvernance économique de la zone euro et à améliorer un modèle de policy mix intrinsèquement instable.
Quel policy mix pour la transition écologique ?
Authors: Jeffers Esther , Plihon Dominique
Published: November 2023

Cet article présente les modalités d’un verdissement des politiques budgétaire, monétaire et prudentielle permettant de faire face au besoin de financement massif et aux risques majeurs associés au changement climatique. Partant du constat, suggéré par l’expérience récente des crises financière et sanitaire, que la mise en œuvre séparée et indépendante des politiques monétaire et budgétaire nuit à leur efficacité, cette étude montre également le rôle stratégique d’un policy mix vert, assurant la coordination des politiques budgétaire, monétaire et prudentielle face aux défis du changement climatique.
La recherche technologique, un enjeu pour les biothérapies et leur bioproduction
Authors: Chaton Patrick , Maillere Bernard , Jacq François
Published: November 2023

Le génie génétique et l’ingénierie moléculaire et cellulaire ont été à l’origine des premiers biomédicaments – médicaments produits par des cellules vivantes, objets considérablement plus complexes que les petites molécules organiques synthétisées par voie chimique – qui viennent compléter utilement l’offre thérapeutique. Les enjeux autour de ces biomédicaments sont nombreux avec des aspects liés à leur sécurité et leur efficacité qui sont évaluées lors des phases cliniques. Mais une autre dimension ne doit pas être négligée, celle de l’apport de la recherche technologique (RT) qui permet de trouver de nouvelles biomolécules et d’accompagner leurs processus de développement et d’industrialisation pour permettre leur accès au plus grand nombre. Les organismes de RT constituent ainsi des acteurs incontournables dans l’écosystème d’innovation sur une problématique porteuse d’enjeux de souveraineté.
Quel rôle pour la recherche et l’innovation académique dans le domaine des biothérapies et de leur bioproduction ? Présentation du Programme et Équipements Prioritaires de Recherche (PEPR). Biothérapies et bioproduction de thérapies innovantes
Authors: Martinat Cécile , Jouvenceau Anne , Junot Christophe
Published: November 2023

Le Programme et Équipements Prioritaires de Recherche (PEPR) Biothérapies et bioproduction de thérapies innovantes (BBTI) constitue l’une des premières phases de la stratégie nationale autour des biothérapies et de la bioproduction. L’enjeu de ce PEPR est de contribuer à positionner la France en acteur majeur dans ce domaine sur le plan international en facilitant le passage de la recherche académique à l’innovation, puis au prototypage. Piloté par l’INSERM et le CEA pour une durée de 7 ans et doté d’un budget de 80 M€, le PEPR BBTI a pour ambition de fédérer la communauté nationale de recherche publique en liaison étroite avec les acteurs industriels et du monde hospitalier autour de deux axes : (i) les défis technologiques associés à la production et au déploiement des biothérapies actuelles et (ii) préparer les futures biothérapies innovantes en développant leurs modalités de production.
Sanofi relève les défis de la bioproduction
Authors: Volckmann Jacques
Published: November 2023

Sanofi est le leader français des biomédicaments, tant en termes de capacités de production que de richesse des modalités thérapeutiques commercialisées ou en cours d’étude dans de nombreux domaines : oncologie, immuno-inflammation, neurologie. L’engagement du laboratoire en bioproduction repose sur la longue expertise de son entité « Vaccins », associée à l’accélération de l’acquisition et du développement interne de modalités thérapeutiques originales, pour faire des biologiques un des piliers de croissance du groupe. Cette évolution stratégique, initiée dans les années 2000, a nécessité et nécessite toujours de répondre à de multiples défis scientifiques, technologiques et organisationnels, liés aux spécificités des médicaments issus du vivant. Sanofi a su apporter de premières réponses à ces grands enjeux et continue à investir, innover et diversifier ses approches tout au long de la chaîne de valeur. Référent national, le laboratoire accompagne l’ensemble de la filière vers toujours plus d’excellence et de compétitivité, au bénéfice du système de santé et des patients. Dans ce contexte, renforcer les collaborations entre organismes publics et privés est une des clés qui permettra de dégager les synergies nécessaires à une accélération du déploiement de capacités industrielles dans le domaine des biotechnologies, pour faire de la France le premier acteur européen du secteur à l’horizon 2030.
L’ARN messager de Moderna : une révolution thérapeutique
Authors: Bancel Stéphane
Published: November 2023

Moderna est un des précurseurs de l’ARNm, une technologie médicale sur laquelle elle travaille depuis plus de 10 ans, avec aujourd’hui 43 programmes de dont 34 sont en phase d’essai clinique. Au cours des cinq prochaines années, Moderna prévoit de lancer jusqu’à 15 nouveaux produits répondant à des besoins médicaux non satisfaits importants. L’ARNm est une technologie thérapeutique qui donne des instructions aux cellules du corps humains, pour que ces dernières fabriquent la protéine qui permettra de lutter contre un pathogène dans le cadre d’un vaccin, avant d’être rapidement éliminé par l’organisme.
Dubaï sur orbite
Authors: Assaf Laure
Published: November 2023

Inauguré à Dubaï en 2022, le musée du Futur est un musée sans œuvres ni collections. Plongeant le visiteur au sein de scénarios spéculatifs, son objectif affiché est de susciter l’optimisme envers l’avenir. Si les défis exposés sont bien ceux annoncés par les sciences contemporaines – réchauffement climatique, extinction de masse, diminution des ressources – les solutions proposées relèvent toutes de l’innovation technologique, secteur central d’investissement pour le gouvernement émirien. Dans un contexte marqué par la préparation de l’ère post-pétrole, le futur apparaît ainsi comme quelque chose à créer plutôt qu’à prédire, et le musée comme un lieu où s’éprouvent les « visions » des dirigeants.
Futurs alpins
Authors: Nova Nicolas
Published: November 2023

Futurologie distincte de la prospective, le jeu de rôle d’anticipation repose sur deux modalités de suggestion de futurs possibles. Il retient à la fois la logique de présentation de bribes d’altérités comme dans les œuvres de science-fiction, et le fait de les mobiliser dans une performance orale et ludique qui occasionne en général surprises, débordements, et trajectoires imprévues. Cette contribution illustre une telle approche en présentant la conception, les usages et les implications de Chamonix-Sentinelles, un jeu d’aventure qui propose de se projeter dans les futurs modes de vie liés à la crise environnementale actuelle dans la vallée alpine du même nom.
Le futur avance masqué
Authors: Guitard Emilie
Published: November 2023

Based on the singular trajectory of the mask “de Sérent”, presented by the Museum of Quai Branly as the “oldest African mask preserved in the world”, this article looks at the mechanisms of anticipation at the heart of Afrofuturism, whose proponents mobilize African and Afro-American histories to imagine positive alternative presents and futures for their community and, more broadly, for black populations around the world. The story of this mask from Casamance also provides an opportunity to evoke the debate recently opened up by the new promoters of Africanfuturism about the place to be given to African references in black speculative fiction.
Enhancing Preservice Teachers' Mathematical Knowledge Through Writing
Authors: Nazelli Christopher Dennis , Özgün-Koca S. Asli , Zopf Deborah
Published: November 2023

In this chapter, the authors present and analyze a mathematical writing activity for preservice elementary school teachers with a novel peer review component. The products of this activity, referred to as “journals”, are detailed representation-rich explanations of problems solved in small groups. These journals were exchanged across institutions, and the addition of a computer-mediated communication platform transformed the peer reviews into inter-institutional conversations. An analysis of the journals and the conversations they sparked reveal four opportunities to develop mathematical knowledge for teaching. Evidence, in the form of journal and review excerpts as well as two case studies, suggests that the process enabled preservice teachers to deepen their understanding of foundational concepts from the elementary curriculum, to communicate mathematics more effectively to others, to better make sense of the mathematical thinking and writing of others, and to incorporate their colleagues' suggestions into their future writing. Potential future research paths are discussed.
A Genre-Based Approach to Improving Students' Mathematical Writing
Authors: Haggis Lauren , Casa Tutita M.
Published: November 2023

This chapter introduces the resources and practical guides that the South Australian Department for Education has developed to support teachers to teach writing in mathematics classrooms and develop their understanding of the types of writing mathematics students should be proficient in. Developing this understanding has the potential to improve classroom practice and positively impact learning outcomes for students in both writing and mathematics. This chapter may offer insights for other jurisdictions seeking to support the teaching of mathematical writing.
Supporting Equity Through Mathematical Writing
Authors: Martin Christie Sullivan , Polly Drew
Published: November 2023

This chapter establishes the relationship between the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics NCTM principles to action, Gutiérrez equity framework, and mathematical writing. The chapter discusses the research that supports mathematical writing as an instructional practice that enhances opportunities for reasoning learning and equity. The chapter provides four cases of activities that embed mathematical writing in the classroom. Each case describes implementation, examples of students' work, discussion of their work, extensions, and outlines the activities connection to the equity framework. The cases are concluded with takeaways that reinforce the purpose of each activity and strategies for implementation. The chapter closes with implications to further support the use of mathematical writing in the classroom and future research direction.
Liberate Our Schools
Authors: Lane Carolyn M. , Lane Patricia E.
Published: November 2023

This chapter explores the issues of racial inequity and discrimination within the Central Valley of California PK-12 system, focusing on the experiences of both Black and Muslim students. The authors, Patricia Lane and Carolyn Lane, critique the current educational landscape, particularly the rise of anti-critical race theory (CRT) legislation, which undermines principles of democracy, equity, and social justice. Patricia reflects on her observation of Black students being marginalized in a classroom setting, while Carolyn utilizes critical Muslim theory (MusCrit) to understand the challenges faced by Muslim students in the Central Valley of California. Both emphasize the importance of dismantling oppressive structures in education and amplifying the voices of marginalized students to achieve social justice.
Disrupting Educational Spaces
Authors: Hawkins III Elbert
Published: November 2023

This chapter explores the weaponization of whiteness within education, particularly in K-12 education. Situated as a cultural phenomenon, educators who ascribe to this ideology do so out of fear–fear of what they understand and know to be true; young African American boys are the epitome of public intellectuals. However, marred by some educational leaders and stakeholders, many young African American males within our educational systems are bound to a common narrative that marginalizes, dehumanizes, and positions them as less than others. Low-performing, ill-equipped, hyperactive, and a societal problem is a narrative that enters classroom and learning spaces all too often before they do. In this work, the hope is to begin a courageous conversation regarding the implications of whiteness and how it egregiously disrupts the education of young African American boys. Also, framed as an autoethnography, readers will engage in seven questions to learn firsthand why a culture of whiteness within our school and classroom spaces is a crisis we must seriously dismantle.
Reclaiming Spirit
Authors: Montilla Altagracia
Published: November 2023

This chapter explores the concept of reclaiming spirit as a pathway towards healing from racial trauma for educators of color committed to racial justice. It addresses the devastating impact of racial trauma within schools, which perpetuates white supremacy and spirit murders, resulting in a lost sense of self. The chapter advocates for educators to engage in intentional healing by drawing on ancestral knowledge and focusing inward. The chapter proposes that true liberation is achieved when educators embrace ancestral ways of knowing, doing, and being beyond traditional schooling. The chapter concludes by introducing the “characteristics of a healthy community,” an afro-indigenous lens to community care, offering guidance on creating transformative and revolutionary spaces within schools and personal lives.
STAT3 Deficiency Alters the Macrophage Activation Pattern and Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Expression during Staphylococcal Pneumonia
Authors: Farmand Susan , Sender Vicky , Karlsson Jens , Merkl Padryk , Normark Staffan , Henriques-Normark Birgitta
Published: November 2023

Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pulmonary infections. Patients with autosomal-dominant hyper-IgE syndrome due to STAT3 deficiency are particularly susceptible to acquiring staphylococcal pneumonia associated with lung tissue destruction. Because macrophages are involved in both pathogen defense and inflammation, we investigated the impact of murine myeloid STAT3 deficiency on the macrophage phenotype in vitro and on pathogen clearance and inflammation during murine staphylococcal pneumonia. Murine bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDM) from STAT3 LysMCre+ knockout or Cre− wild-type littermate controls were challenged with S. aureus, LPS, IL-4, or vehicle control in vitro. Pro- and anti-inflammatory responses as well as polarization and activation markers were analyzed. Mice were infected intratracheally with S. aureus, bronchoalveolar lavage and lungs were harvested, and immunohistofluorescence was performed on lung sections. S. aureus infection of STAT3-deficient BMDM led to an increased proinflammatory cytokine release and to enhanced upregulation of costimulatory MHC class II and CD86. Murine myeloid STAT3 deficiency did not affect pathogen clearance in vitro or in vivo. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 was upregulated in Staphylococcus-treated STAT3-deficient BMDM and in lung tissues of STAT3 knockout mice infected with S. aureus. Moreover, the expression of miR-155 was increased. The enhanced inflammatory responses and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and miR-155 expression in murine STAT3-deficient as compared with wild-type macrophages during S. aureus infections may contribute to tissue damage as observed in STAT3-deficient patients during staphylococcal pneumonia.
Gut flora in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathogenesis and treatment
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Wang Ying , Zhu Mingqin , Liu Kangding , Zhang Hong-Liang
Published: November 2023

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Although current first-line therapies can help manage symptoms and slow down disease progression, there is no cure for multiple sclerosis. The gut-brain axis refers to complex communications between the gut flora and the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, which bridges the functions of the gut and the brain. Disruptions in the gut flora, termed dysbiosis, can lead to systemic inflammation, leaky gut syndrome, and increased susceptibility to infections. The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and gut flora may play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses related to multiple sclerosis. To develop more effective therapies for multiple sclerosis, we should further uncover the disease processes involved in multiple sclerosis and gain a better understanding of the gut-brain axis. This review provides an overview of the role of the gut flora in multiple sclerosis.
Caesalpinia sappan reduces the stemness of breast cancer stem cells involving the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species
Authors: Jenie Riris Istighfari , Amalina Nur Dina , Hermawan Adam , Suzery Meiny , Putra Agung , Meiyanto Edy
Published: November 2023

Background and purpose:

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) as a kind of tumor cells are able to regenerate themselves, leading to apoptosis resistance and cancer relapse. It was reported that BCSCs contain lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with stemness capability. Caesalpinia sappan has been proposed for its chemopreventive potency against several cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Caesalpinia sappan extract (CSE) on cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, ROS generation, and stemness markers of MDA-MB-231 and its BCSCs.

Experimental approach:

Caesalpinia sappan was extracted under maceration with methanol. Magnetic-activated cell sorting was used to isolate BCSCs based on CD44+ and CD24- cell surface expression. The MTT test was used to assess the cytotoxic effects of CSE on MDA-MB-231 and BCSCs. Moreover, flow cytometry was used to examine the cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, ROS level, and CD44/CD24 level. Using qRT-PCR, the gene expression of the stemness markers NANOG, SOX-2, OCT-4, and c-MYC was assessed.

Findings/Results:

We found that MDA-MB-231 contains 80% of the BCSCs population, and CSE showed more potent cytotoxicity toward BCSCs than MDA-MB-231. CSE caused apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and BCSCs cells by increasing the level of ROS. Furthermore, CSE significantly reduced the MDA-MB-231 stemness marker CD44+/CD24- and the mRNA levels of pluripotent markers of cells in BCSCs.

Conclusion and implications:

CSE potentially reduces BCSCs stemness, which may be mediated by the elevation of the ROS levels and reduction of the expression levels of stemness transcription.
The legacy of our care
Authors: Tenajas Rebeca , Miraut David
Published: November 2023

This academic poem is a tribute to the dedication and passion of the medical community. The poem paints a vivid picture of the day-to-day challenges and rewards experienced by healthcare professionals. Through evocative imagery, inspired by Dr. Jaideep C Menon’s work “The Seasons of Change”, it showcases the unwavering commitment of medical practitioners to patient care. It touches on the moments of triumph, the bonds formed, and the responsibilities shouldered by those in the medical field. By highlighting these aspects, the poem aims to offer gratitude to healthcare workers and shed light on the lasting impact they have on their patients’ lives.
Acute nicotine replacement therapy-related toxicity: A fallout of over-the-counter drug availability!
Authors: Khanna Arjun , Dhankar Mondeep , Pahuja Sourabh , Goel Isham
Published: November 2023

Acute nicotine replacement associated toxicity is not reported often. India has a large number of smokers, who try over the counter nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) which is not effective most of the times. This unique case highlights a unique adverse effect of NRT where a young patient presented with symptoms of NRT associated nicotine toxicity.
Comparative analysis of pathological characteristics between endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology of early gastric cancer
Authors: Liao Guangjie , Li Lei
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the clinical value of endoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer by comparing the effect of preoperative gastroscopic biopsy with that of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)/surgical resection.

METHODS:

Ninety-two patients with early gastric cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June 2022 were retrospectively selected as the study objects. All patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent preoperative gastroscopy, pathological biopsy, and pathological examination after ESD/surgery, and the pathological diagnosis results before and after surgery were compared and analyzed.

RESULTS:

There were significant differences in the positive rate of early gastric cancer and the degree of tumor differentiation between preoperative gastroscopic biopsy and ESD/surgical pathologic examination (P < 0.05). Patients with differentiated gastric cancer were significantly more than patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer in gastroscopic biopsy group (P < 0.05). The numbers of papillary adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, and other histopathological types between gastroscopic biopsy and postoperative pathology were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

There are some differences between gastroscopic biopsy and postoperative pathological results of early gastric cancer, which indicates that there is still needing improvement in the gastroscopic biopsy. In fact, the pathological results before and after surgery can be jointly judged in clinical practice to avoid misdiagnosis, which can provide effective guidance for the treatment of gastric cancer.