bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Fiscal Policy in Human Development: The Pakistan’s Perspective
Authors: Syed Ammad Ali  , Hasan Raza  , Muhammad Umair Yousuf
Published: September 2018

Human development considered as the engine of the economic growth as it improves the economy’s strength and increases the standard of living of the people, increases the choices and maximises the welfare of the society that is the prime objective of any government. The development of the human capabilities is also necessary for the sustainable growth, as there are many channels through which human development foster the economic growth. It increases the labour productivity, labour demand, employment and output. On the other hand, human capital also attracts physical capital.1 Empirically, it is very difficult to have an exact measure of human development and social welfare. Several proxies used to measure human development, e.g. GNI per capita as a measure of standard of living, Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) criterion to measure the cost of living and to measure the welfare, average year of schooling, school enrolment rate and health expenditures as a percentage of GDP to capture this composite welfare and development indicator. A fair index of Human Development Index (HDI) was developed by United Nations Development Programme in 1990. This index based on the standard of living (natural logarithm of GDP PPP per capita), access to knowledge (adult literacy rate with two-third weighting and the remaining is the gross enrolment ratio) and a healthy life (life expectancy at birth). The value of index varies from 0 to 1, lower the HDI, lesser would be the human development and welfare in the country or vice versa.
Momentum Effect: Empirical Evidence from Karachi Stock Exchange
Authors: Habib-ur-rahman  , Hasan M. Mohsin
Published: September 2018

Capital market efficiency and the prediction of future stock prices are the most thought-provoking and ferociously debated areas in finance. The followers of traditional financial theory strongly believe that the markets are efficient in pricing the financial instruments. This view became popular after Fama’s work on the Efficient Market Hypothesis. But before 1990s, wide-ranging financial literature documented that stock prices, to some extent, are predictable. Many psychologists, economist and the journalists are of the view that general tendency of individuals is to overreact to the information. De Bondt and Thaler (1985) studies this view of experimental psychology that whether such behaviour matters at the market level or not. They found out that stock prices will overreact to information, and suggested that contrarian strategies buy the past losers and sell the past winners, earn abnormal returns. They extended the holding period from 3 to 5 years and provide the evidence of long term returns reversal. Jegadeesh (1990) and Lehmann (1990) supported the evidence of return reversal in short term, i.e. from one week to one month. They suggested that the contrarian strategies having holding period of one week to one month earned the significant abnormal return. Lo and Mac Kinalay (1990) objected on the ground that a major portion of this abnormal return, reported by Jegadeesh (1990) and Lehmann (1990), is due to the delayed reaction of stock prices to common factors rather than to overreaction. Some other researchers pointed out some other reasons of this abnormal stock returns i.e. short-term pressure on stock prices and absence of liquidity in the market rather than overreaction.
“Saving the Euro: A Test for Globalisation” (The Allama Iqbal Lecture)
Authors: Yannos Papantoniou
Published: September 2018

The sovereign debt crisis originating in the eurozone immediately after the eruption of the global financial crash represents a significant challenge not only for the European but also for the world economy. Overcoming it will contribute to creating the conditions for sustained global economic recovery and also provide a testing ground for our capabilities to control the dangers surrounding the globalisation process which is unfolding over the recent decades. The integration of markets in products and finance, and less so in services, coupled with enormous technological progress in communications and transport diffused growth to regions and continents that, during the last centuries, had been left behind the dramatic rise in living standards witnessed in Europe, North America and Japan since the Industrial Revolution. The opening up of markets led to more efficient use of global resources allowing productivity to grow while billions of people transgressed poverty lines and joined the modern world. The downside of this process is that national control over economic policy has been significantly diminished, even vanished for small economies, while intricate problems emerged for international economic governance. These problems were brought to the fore during the recent crisis at the global and eurozone level. As markets integrate and systems converge, controlling imbalances in either the real economy or the financial sector becomes increasingly difficult since it requires much more advanced policy cooperation than allowed for in institutional set-ups corresponding to nation-centred economic models. The extent of the changes that are needed will become clearer as we review the origins of the present crisis. At the global level the huge current account imbalances that have been built up over the last decades produced an unusual pattern of savings flows. Poor countries, chiefly China, have been financing rich ones, such as the United States. This pattern reflects the fact that emerging countries have had large current account surpluses, whereas developed economies have accumulated sizeable deficits. The imbalances led capital to flow ‘the wrong way’ from the developing to the advanced economies, destabilising the financial system and thus creating the conditions for the economic crisis.
Living with China—Locally and Globally (The Mahbub Ul Haq Memorial Lecture)
Authors: L. Alan Winters
Published: September 2018

This paper considers the impact of the economic rise of China on both firms and competition in middle income countries (locally) and on the world trading system (globally). It examines the size and nature of the shock that China has administered to the world economy, the way in which firms and export sectors in one middle income country have accommodated that rise, some of the frictions and adjustment strains that China’s rise pose for the world trading system, and two cases which I believe to pose threats to the world trading system if the parties involved do not behave with great care. I will argue that integrating China into the global economy in a way that benefits nearly all presents perhaps the most important international trade and trade policy issue of the present era. The shock that the emergence of China is administering to the world economy is larger than any seen previously—and by a large margin. While the huge increase in global production that China has generated brings widespread benefits, there are inevitably stresses and indeed possibly some losers. I start to identify these in two exercises that are reported here, both, for reasons of data availability, carried out on Mexico. One looks at firm adjustment and the other at export margins. I then discuss China’s role in the wider trading system—the WTO and in global imbalances—and finally identify two areas in which the poor handling of the integration of China into the world economy could derail the world trading system. I mention these latter issues not as inevitable disasters but as issues that are sensitive enough to explode if not handled delicately. An important role of economists in policy-making is to discourage inappropriate policies and descent into trade war as a result of the competition that China brings would certainly count as ‘inappropriate’. It is as a warning, no more, that I address them in this paper.
As bases estruturantes da genética a partir de um teatro sobre a vida e a obra de Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
Authors: Gontijo Lucas Salvino , Rezende Miriany Evelin , Dantas Mollyne Regia , Vieira Iara Lucia Barbosa Fernandes , Guimarães Simone Sendin Moreira
Published: September 2018

O ensino de ciências pautado na perspectiva da História da Ciência (HC) pode contribuir para a apropriação do conhecimento científico historicamente produzido. Já os jogos teatrais contribuem para o desenvolvimento de habilidades favoráveis ao aprendizado do conteúdo científico como a concentração e a observação. Esse relato de experiência narra o desenvolvimento de uma atividade relacionada ao ensino de Genética que envolveu a abordagem histórica e a construção de uma peça teatral. A prática foi desenvolvida por bolsistas de Iniciação à Docência (ID) do PIBID de Biologia com uma turma de Ensino Médio de um colégio público. A atividade foi organizada da seguinte maneira: 1) Preparo Teórico; 2) Desenvolvimento (elaboração do roteiro e ensaio); 3) Apresentação; 4) Avaliação. Percebemos que os alunos da turma se envolveram com a elaboração da peça, mas apenas os alunos que a apresentaram (atuando) compreenderam mais radicalmente os conceitos básicos de genética. Para os bolsistas ID do PIBID essa atividade foi uma experiência gratificante, que mostrou as dificuldades e possibilidades do ato de educar reforçando a importância do comprometimento constante com a própria formação.
Desenvolvimento de habilidades investigativas utilizando o lúdico na educação pela pesquisa
Authors: Gandra Lucas Pereira , Da Silva Geilson Rodrigues , Vinholi Júnior Airton José
Published: September 2018

As pesquisas em Ensino de Ciências preconizam pela utilização de metodologias que rompam com o ensino tradicional e promovam a construção do conhecimento.  Sendo assim, umas das possibilidades é a educação pela pesquisa, que favorece o protagonismo juvenil e a ludicidade no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, bem como, o desenvolvimento de habilidades investigativas. Participaram dessa pesquisa vinte dois estudantes do 1º ano do Ensino Médio de uma Escola Estadual no município de Coxim-MS. Na qual se aplicou um questionário aberto para avaliar a presença do lúdico na educação e as habilidades investigativas desenvolvidas, a partir da análise de conteúdo categorial. Foram produzidos doze projetos de pesquisas em seis áreas do conhecimento conforme o interesse dos estudantes. Com isso a educação pela pesquisa com o lúdico favoreceu o desenvolvimento de habilidades investigativas de percepção, pensamento, construção conceitual, construção metodológica e de construção social, para isso a iniciação científica, garantiu a autonomia do estudante, tornando a atividade lúdica, melhorando o engajamento dos estudantes com o processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
KÜÇÜK BOYUTLU KAYA KESME DENEYİNİN TAŞINABİLİR BİR KESME SETİNDE UYGULANMASI
Authors: Yaşar Serdar
Published: September 2018

Küçük boyutlu kaya kesme deneyi (karot kesme deneyi), en sık kullanılan kaya kesme deneydüzeneklerinden birisidir. Bu deney düzeneğinden elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar marifetiyle,kollu galeri açma makinesi ve döner kepçeli ekskavatör performans tahmini ve riperlenebilirliksınıflaması yapılabilmektedir. Ancak, bu deney setleri sabit ekipmanlardır, üretilmeleri zahmetlidirve sınırlı sayıda araştırma merkezinde bulunmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada küçük boyutlu kayakesme deneyinin, taşınabilir ve hidrolik eğilme test makinelerine bir eklenti olarak tasarlanandüşey kayaç kesme seti (DKKS) ile gerçekleştirilebilmesi hususu irdelenmiştir. DKKS genelhatları ile tanıtılmış ve geçmiş çalışmalardan bilgiler sunulmuştur. DKKS’de küçük boyutlu kayakesme deneyinin kolaylıkla ve başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebileceği gösterilmiştir. Buna ilaveolarak, bir adet kollu galeri açma makinesi çalışma sahası ziyaret edilmiş ve alınan numunelerüzerinde gerçekleştirilen kesme deneyleri ile makinenin kazı hızı kestirilmeye çalışılmıştır.Sonuç olarak, bu makinenin kazı hızı gerçeğe yakın bir şekilde kestirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerve tecrübeler ışığında, DKKS ile kaya kesme deneylerinin rutin bir kaya mekaniği deneyi gibigerçekleştirilebildiği gösterilmiştir.
Valores y normas en Hans Kelsen y Max Ernst Mayer
Authors: Herszenbaun Miguel
Published: September 2018

En el presente trabajo contrapongo el modelo kelseniano según el cual se concibe al derecho positivo como un sistema de valores relativos al modelo propuesto por Max Ernst Mayer, de acuerdo con el cual la norma jurídica debe sostenerse en y concordar con normas culturales pre-jurídicas. Sostengo que la propuesta de Mayer puede ser entendida como una herramienta superadora del esquema dicotómico planteado por Hans Kelsen (dicotomía entre valores relativos/valores absolutos), pero que a su vez se demuestra insuficiente para dar respuesta a las propias preguntas que Max Ernst Mayer pretende enfrentar. En este sentido, me propongo demostrar que es necesario integrar un rasgo dialéctico a la dinámica por medio de la cual la comunidad genera pluralidad de fuentes normativas y a la dinámica por medio de la cual las diferentes normas interactúan, so pena de no ser capaz de explicar la validez de las normas jurídicas y culturales ni la dinámica por medio de las cuales unas derogan a las otras
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI POINT OF SALE SYSTEM MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMPROGRAMAN VISUAL BASIC.NET 2013 DAN DATABASE SQL SERVER 2012 PADA TOKO RAFADEL
Authors: Mardalius Mardalius
Published: September 2018

Komputer telah menjadi alat bantu utama dalam tiap kegiatan manusia. Tidak hanya untuk aplikasi bisnis, namun juga dalam kegiatan sehari-hari. Hal ini menunjukkan bagaimana komputer telah menjadi bagian dari evolusi manusia.Tujuan skripsi ini adalah mengembangkan point of sale system pada Toko Rafadel yang berbasis desktop. System informasi ini dapat mempermudah, mempercepat dan mengurangi tingkat kesalahan dalam pengelolaan baik data penjualan, pembelian, stok, dan laporan. Adapun permasalahan pada Toko Rafadel adalah bagian penjualan yang masih sulit dalam mengelola transaksi dan informasi data stok barang yang tidak akurat.Dalam mengembangkan point of sale system digunakan metodologi Iterasi (Iterative). Dalam metodologi ini terdapat enam tahapan, yaitu: survei sistem, pada tahapan ini dilakukan pengumpulan data terkait dengan poin of sale system yang ada dengan cara melihat secara langsung cara kerja (observasi) dan wawancara guna mengetahui permasalahan yang dihadapi. Tahapan kedua, yaitutahapan analisis pada tahapan ini hasil identifikasi masalah selanjutnya di klasifikasikan menggunakan kerangka dan untuk menjelaskan kebutuhan sistem yang akan dikembangkan menggunakan aliran sistem informasi. Tahap yang ketiga yaitu desain sistem menggunakan ERD dan DFD. Selanjutnya tahapkeempat pembuatan sistem, penulis menggunakan Microsoft Visual Basic.Net 2013 dan Microsoft Sql Server 2012 sebagai database dan pada tahap kelima yaitu implementasi sistem, Tahapan yang terakhir yaitu pemeliharan.Hasil rancangan sistem ini ditujukan untuk mempermudah pihak toko dalam melakukan pengelolaan data penjualan, pembelian, stok dan laporan.
Phosphate nutrition effects on growth, phosphate transporter transcript levels and physiology of alfalfa cells
Authors: AbuQamar Synan , Sors Thomas G. , Cunningham Suzanne M. , Volenec Jeffrey J.
Published: September 2018

Phosphorus deficiency reduces forage yield and stand persistence of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Our objectives were to isolate and characterize a high-affinity phosphate-transporter (P-transporter) from alfalfa roots (Medicago sativa L.); determine how phosphorus (P) nutrition impacts P-uptake, growth, and carbohydrate and protein metabolism of alfalfa cells; and learn how expression of the P-transporter is influenced by P nutrition. An 1087-base pair (bp) sequence was isolated using RT-PCR that possessed high nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarity to high-affinity P-transporters. Cultured cells were sampled at 3-day intervals for 9 days while growing in media containing P concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 mM. Media P concentrations declined rapidly in all P treatments by day 6. Low media P concentrations (0, 0.1 and 0.5 mM) reduced cell growth rates compared to higher media P levels (2.5, 5 and 10 mM). Suspension cell cultures supplied 0.5, 2.5, 5, and 10 mM P had lower starch concentrations by day 3 compared to cells cultured in media containing 0 and 0.1 mM P. Steady-state transcript levels for the high-affinity P- transporter were high in P-deprived cells, but declined within 1 day when cells were provided 10 mM P.
Initial Evidence for Increased Weather Salience in Autism Spectrum Conditions
Authors: Bolton Matthew J. , Blumberg William G. , Ault Lara K. , Mogil H. Michael , Hanes Stacie H.
Published: September 2018

Weather is important to all people, including vulnerable populations (those whose circumstances include cognitive processing, hearing, or vision differences, physical disability, homelessness, and other scenarios and factors). Autism spectrum conditions (ASC) affect information-processing and areas of neurological functioning that potentially inhibit the reception of hazardous weather information, and is of particular concern for weather messengers. People on the autism spectrum tend to score highly in tests of systemizing, a psychological process that heavily entails attention to detail and revolves around the creation of logical rules to explain things that occur in the world. This article reports the results of three preliminary studies examining weather salience–psychological attention to weather–and its potential relationships with systemizing in autistic people. Initial findings suggest that enhanced weather salience exists among autistic individuals compared to those without the condition, and that this may be related to systemizing. These findings reveal some possible strategies for communicating weather to autistic populations and motivate future work on a conceptual model that blends systemizing and chaos theory to better understand weather salience.
Practicing Reflexivity: Ethics, Methodology and Theory Construction
Authors: Subramani Supriya
Published: September 2018

Reflexivity as a concept and practice is widely recognized and acknowledged in qualitative social science research. In this paper, through an account of the ‘reflexive moments’ I encountered during my doctoral research which employed critical theory perspective and constructivist grounded theory methodology, I elaborate how ethics, methodology and theory construction are intertwined. Further, I will dwell on the significance of reflexivity, particularly in qualitative research analyzing bioethics concepts. Through an account of the universal ethical principles that ‘I’, as a researcher, encounter, and micro-analysis of the observed relationships that influence the theoretical construction and arguments developed, this paper explores the quandaries an ethics researcher undertaking reflexive approach faces. I elucidate that reflexivity unveils for both the researcher and the reader how the researcher arrives at certain positions that the researcher puts forward and endorses during the knowledge construction process. I conclude by stating that reflexivity demystifies the moral and epistemological stances of the study and researcher.
Concussion Injury In Sports: Brief Review Of The Epidemiology And Initial Management
Authors: Roka Yam Bahadur
Published: September 2018

Not available.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 15, Number 2, 2018, page: 11-17
Outcome of cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy: Algorithm based study
Authors: Rijal Suman , Nepal Pankaj Raj , Bishokarma Suresh , Devkota Upendra Prasad
Published: September 2018

Cranioplasty is the next major surgical procedure that the patient undergoes following the decompressive craniotomy for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study was designed with the objective to evaluate the outcome of our institutional algorithm-based protocol in the management of cranioplasty. This is aretrospective analytical study conducted in National Institute of Neurological and Allied sciences, Bansbari Kathmandu among 40 patients who underwent cranioplasty during a period of 5 years. Variables viz. postoperative CT changes, cranioplasty site infection and change in the modified Rankin scale following the cranioplasty were analyzed. Among 40 patients who underwent the cranioplasty, 82.5% were male and 17.5% were female. The age of the patients ranged from 4 to 72 years with mean of 29.5±13.13. Interval between primary decompression and cranioplasty ranged from 3 to 78 weeks. Algorithm based preoperative planning was done before cranioplasty. Previous abdominal bone fl ap preservation site infection was significantly associated (p value 0.048) with cranioplasty site infection. There was no deterioration in the MRS score. The proper evaluation of the preoperative CT scan and the combined adjunctive procedure with cranioplasty in the selected patients helps to decrease the post cranioplasty related complications.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 15, Number 2, 2018, page: 36-40
CONTRIBUTION OF CYBER-RELATIONSHIP MOTIVE TO INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADULTS
Authors: Majorsy Ursa
Published: September 2018

Nowadays, internet has become a habitual part of human social life, especially for adults. The convenience of internet use lulls adults in cyberspace activity, such as surfing. The great appeal of surfing activity in cyberspace makes addiction to the internet an interesting and bustling phenomenon to be discussed. A psychological factor that closely related to internet addiction is the adults’ cyber-relationship motive. In this study, cyber-relationship motive is focused on adventure dimension, escape dimension and romance dimension. It aims to determine the social motives behind adult addiction behavior towards the internet. This study used a simple regression of 70 participants with range of age 22-44 years. The result showed that cyber-relationship motive is contributing 31.6% to internet addiction for adults. Further analysis showed that escape dimension of cyber-relationship motive has the most contribution to internet addiction, compared to adventure and romance.
SIGNIFICANCE OF NATURAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT: ARCHETYPAL APPROACH
Authors: Valiukh Andriі Mykolajovych
Published: September 2018

The issues of the essence of the concept of “natural capital”, as well as management in the field of conservation of natural capital have been investigated. The author uses an archetypal approach. The activity and structure of international organizations engaged in environmental policy have been analyzed. The basic features aspects and cooperative efforts in biodiversity identified shortcomings for international and suggests ways to address them have been investigated. The basic state policy measures improving conservation and reproduction of natural capital have been ordered. The basic approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of conservation based on best international experience. The economic evaluation of natural capital resources of Ukraine has been done and the necessity of increasing the annual state budgetary financing natural capital conservation has been improved. The methodic of evaluating the effectiveness of conservation on three levels: national, regional and local has been ordered, to better analyze the actual state of natural ecosystems, to investigate the dynamics of the cost of maintaining of natural capital by various sources (state budget of Ukraine, the cost of regional state administrations and local self-government). The experience of international financing of natural capital conservation through environmental funds has been studied, funds of NGOs and grant projects. Scientific and practical interest in the work is the proposed funding mechanism for biodiversity conservation in the current economic climate of Ukraine. Investigated the organizational structure of government natural capital conservation of Ukraine. The effectiveness of government natural capital’s conservation has been investigated. The functions of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine as a central body of executive power in the field of natural capital conservation have been studied and analyzed. The staffing Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine has been investigated, the system of placement and examined staffing departments of the Ministry, responsible for natural capital Ukraine, has been analyzed. The best foreign practices of natural capital public administration and recommendations for its implementation in Ukraine have been ordered.
CATEGORIZATION OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE CONCEPTUAL SPACE OF THE SOCIAL STATE
Authors: Lavrenty Dmitriy Stepanovich
Published: September 2018

The article studies the problematic issues of scientific understanding and the correlation of the notions of public-private/public-private partnership in a categorical series of concepts that reveal the essence and mechanisms of the functioning of a social state in the theory of public administration. Is done semantic analysis a family of related scientific categories ‘social partnership’, ‘public-private partnership’, ‘intersectoral partnership’, ‘state-private partnership’ and ‘municipal-private partnership’, which mean the same process and are different only the definition of the range of subjects of social action in the application of public dialogue and the implementation of social policies aimed at building a social state in Ukraine. It is argued that in the course of state-private partnership, the satisfaction of the society with the activities of state and local authorities, which, in turn, forms the trust of the people in power, stimulates them to fulfil their duties better. And this is a prerequisite for ensuring well-being in the country as a whole. Thus, the mechanism of public-private partnership is one of the key elements of a public (social) dialogue in the discursive space of state social policy that brings Ukraine closer to Europe, promotes the formation of a socially oriented economy and socially responsible governance as crucial elements for the development of a social state. Meanwhile, there is still no steady practices of partnership between public administration and civil society institutions in areas such as the formation of public policy, its monitoring, public control over the activities of central executive authorities, local governments, and budget financing agencies, etc. at present. The article reveals the importance of public-private partnership as a key mechanism of the state’s social policy aimed at achieving the Sustainable Development Goals for Ukraine.
CONSIDERATION OF MODELS AND MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF PROCUREMENT OF GOODS, WORKS AND SERVICES IN CONSTRUCTION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Mitropan Tetyana Konstantinovna
Published: September 2018

The article presents the questions of reviewing models and mechanisms of public administration in the procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction. A comparative analysis of the types of public procurement mechanisms in construction, based on a set of features, has shown the superiority of a centralized type of mechanism that facilitates the introduction of efficient and flexible procurement methods, for example, the conclusion of framework agreements. The author’s vision of the mechanism of state building purchases, in the form of a conceptual model and system differences, is proposed. It is determined that a decentralized model of public procurement management involves the independent implementation by purchasers of procurement, that is, allows each customer to procure goods, works and services in the field of construction. The centralized model of public administration is characterized by the implementation of public procurement in order to provide the general needs of a single body on public procurement, that is, customers commission the implementation of public procurement on their behalf, a centralized body. According to the combined model of management, public procurement in the construction industry takes place under contracts implemented under the centralized model, and the direct ordering and receipt of goods, works, or services takes place according to the rules of a decentralized model. It is noted that according to the system-wide understanding of the mechanism of public administration in the procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction, it represents a set of specialized management technologies (methods, techniques and tools) that ensure the organization of the process of public procurement of construction products by authorized agents. The direction of this process is determined by the need to implement the principles of vali- dity and innovation, fair choice of the best bidding, prevention of corruption and ensuring the high efficiency of the implementation of public public procurement.
SECOND STAGE OF JUDICIARY REFORM IN UKRAINE
Authors: Romanenko Yevhen Оleksandrovych
Published: September 2018

The paper shows changes in the judiciary, in connection with the liquidation and creation of local courts in Ukraine. The necessity of creating more convenient access to the cases through the Internet is described, so that they will be solved more quickly, and the burden on the court specialists will be reduced. The positive changes and changes were analyzed, with the beginning of the second stage of judicial reform in 2018. The urgency of creating a separate electronic cabinet, for each case, where the court and participants in the trial process will be able to review all documents at any time, is substantiated. This minimizes the probability of delaying the cases when the parties challenge all decisions of the courts without exception.It has been determined that judicial reform involves the need for access to cases through the Internet. In the same way, different documents must be translated to higher authorities. Due to electronic circulation, they will be solved more quickly, the burden on the court experts will be reduced, and public money will be saved. In order for this innovation to work in full, amendments will be made to the legislation. It is noted that an important step forward: a court session can be held in a video conference. For example, the lawyer, from his e-office, can represent the interests of the company: send documents, get video communications during meetings. It is substantiated that a separate electronic cabinet should be created for each case, where the court and trial participants will be able to review all documents at any time. Of course, to use this technology, you need to register in the system email and digital signature. This minimizes the probability of delaying cases when the parties challenge all, without exception, court decisions. Now the electronic review will be not only possible, but also mandatory. If, within five days, the court will not be able to provide electronic proceedings, documents will be translated into paper form. In order for these provisions to work, the State Judicial Administration should publish an instruction on the website of the Verkhovna Rada, solve the issue of setting up electronic cabinets, registering electronic addresses and video fixing.
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONNEL IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM: THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Slonovsky Mikhail Vasylevich
Published: September 2018

The article analyzed the main approaches to the concept of “professional-qualification requirements for a public servant” by systematized approaches to professional qualification requirements. The proposed systematization of the specified requirements, in particular, the following blocks are allocated: requirements to the person; communication qualities; professional qualities; social qualities; ethical qualities. The analysis of literature on the issues gave grounds to determine that the professional qualification requirements of a public servant are a set of qualities, knowledge, skills, skills directly related to the process of performing a public service (performed in the performance of their official duties) and affect the effectiveness and performance of activity. The normative-legal documents on the issues of formation of professional qualification requirements for public servants are analyzed. It is emphasized that there are only typical requirements for civil servants of the categories “A”, “Б”, “B” and there are no such requirements for officials of local self-government. It is grounded that the main qualities for the category “B”, that is, the performers, are the understanding of the mission of the state body, where it operates, the ability to perform qualitatively the tasks assigned to it by the direct leader, to understand the importance of this work, the focus on the result, the ability to work with people, understanding the needs of the population in services, the ability to find contact with the population, etc. It is determined that one of the basic factors of development of personnel of the public administration system is the definition and strict regulation of the professional qualification requirements of specialists. Since such requirements outline the mechanisms of personnel development, focus on the formation of professionally significant qualities for a public servant, they provide an opportunity to see the “way” of forming a qualitative staff of public administration. It is noted that there are such approaches to distinguishing requirements for public administration personnel: firstly, a competent approach — when a set of competencies is determined, which should be characteristic of the employee in a certain position. Secondly, the set of qualities of the employee (listed qualities of the employee, which should be inherent in a specialist). Thirdly, the list of specialist’s powers in the system of public administration.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF THE PUBLIC POLICY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INSTITUTION OF “CONSULTING ENGINEER” IN CONSTRUCTION: EXPERIENCE OF ROMANIA, POLAND AND HUNGARY
Authors: Kharaim Irina Vladimirovna
Published: September 2018

The article is devoted to the research of innovative development of the public policy concerning the implementation of the institution “consulting engineer” in the construction, in the context of Ukraine’s integration into the world economic space. An assessment of the main FIDIC documents used in Romania, Poland, Hungary for the organization and conduction of public procurement has been carried out. The suggestion is made that the best adaptation of international experience to the domestic realities of the consulting engineer can take place under the condition of cooperation between Ukraine and the countries of Eastern and Central Europe, with which it is most closely connected both with historical traditions and with economic aspects. It is noted that the main problems facing Romania’s employers in the field of construction during the development of projects were as follows: a slow procedure for ensuring proper access to the construction site; errors in the source planning data; errors in the data on the location of the object; a slow procedure for obtaining permits through bureaucracy and legislative difficulties for construction; limitation and delay of payment for the performed work, including the salary of the engineer-consultant. In these circumstances, more and more attention was needed not to questions regarding the progress of construction work, but to fulfill the requirements for their implementation. It was substantiated that in Polish practice the role of the consultant engineer was limited to performing the functions of the customer representative in accordance with the clear instructions of the latter. The reason for this situation was the conflict between two contracts: the engineer’s contract and the main contract. This led to a burst of court appeals, because instead of a neutral position of risk-manager between the customer and the contractor, the engineer became the defendant on the battlefield.
ПАТОФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ВПЛИВУ ФЕРМЕНТІВ ТКАНИННОГО ДИХАННЯ НА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ МІТОХОНДРІЙ У ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ ГЕПАТИТ С
Authors: Bagmut I.Y. , Gramatiuk S.M.
Published: September 2018

Исследования, проведенные в течение нескольких десятилетий, в области патофизиологических механизмов митохондрий гепатоцитов, обычно были направлены на функциональные исследования изолированных митохондрий при отсутствии АДФ. Во многих случаях исследователи использовали данные для расчета параметров, включая коэффициент дыхательного контроля или количество потребляемой АДФ на каждое количество используемого кислорода. Однако до настоящего времени мало известно о том, как вирус может выжить в сильно окислительной среде, учитывая то, что окислительный стресс является важным клиническим признаком, связанным с инфицированием вирусом гепатита С. По нашему мнению, адаптация к окислительному стрессу - это патофизиологический механизм к выживанию вируса. Цель работы заключается в исследовании механизмов нарушения энергоснабжения, как механизма повреждения клеток, у пациентов с хроническим вирусным гепатитом С. В данное исследование было включено 62 пациента с наличием HCV-инфекции - основная группа, и 24 условно-здоровых пациента, не имевших в анамнезе заболеваний печени - группа контроля. Пациентов отбирали на основании их стабильного клинического состояния в течение последних 3 месяцев. У больных основной группы, HCV-инфекция была диагностирована положительно анти-HCV и HCV-РНК в течение не менее 6 месяцев. Митохондриальную целостность оценивали путем высвобождения цитохрома С с использованием коммерческого набора (цитохром C оксидазный Kit Sigma-Aldrich, USA), который указывает на наличие 96% интактных митохондрий. Внутренняя флуоресценция NADH была отслежена в изолированных митохондриях как маркер миохондриального окислительно-активного состояния NADH. Митохондриальное деление является ключевым патогенетическим механизмом контроля целостности митохондрий, при адаптации к клеточному патофизиологическому ответу вирус гепатита С модулирует ключевые процессы, связанные с инфицированием, для содействия сохранению вируса. Митохондриальное деление не всегда связано с разрушением клеток, также оно может защищать клетки от смерти, вызванной оксидативным стрессом и Ca2+ зависимыми апоптотическими стимуляторами. Механизм, с помощью которого ферменты энергетического обмена подавляют репликацию вируса гепатита С, не совсем понятен, но, вероятно, он включает кальций и диссоциацию комплекса репликации вируса из мембран. Детальное понимание механизма, с помощью которого ферменты энергетического обмена подавляют репликацию HCV-инфекции, требуют дополнительных исследований.
FEATURES OF THERAPEUTIC SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS WITH POLYTRAUMA
Authors: Mormol I.A. , Borzykh O.A. , Kaidashev I.P.
Published: September 2018

Today, the issue of timely diagnosis and treatment of polytrauma remains highly relevant. Polytrauma is a severe pathological process that involves simultaneous onset and development of several pathological conditions and is characterized by underlying disorders of all types of metabolism, changes on the part of central nervous system, cardiovascular and respiratory tract. The given clinical case proves us expediency of developing the personified approach to management of patients with polytrauma, using the individual algorithms.
ПАТОФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ НЕСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ШВІВ АНАСТОМОЗІВ У ХВОРИХ НА ОНКОПАТОЛОГІЮ
Authors: Movchan O.V. , Titkova A.V.
Published: September 2018

Следует признать, что создание оптимальных условий для заживления кишечных швов является основным резервом улучшения результатов при хирургическом вмешательстве на органах желудочно-кишечного тракта. Актуальным вопросом патофизиологии, связанная с онкопатологией остается несостоятельность швов анастомозов и стом. Цель работы - определение патофизиологических механизмов и критериально-значимых показателей несостоятельности швов анастомозов. При изучении данного вопроса проведен анализ непосредственных результатов лечения 74 больных, составивших исследовательскую группу, которым оперативное лечение выполнялось в радикальном объеме. Пациентов были разделены в зависимости от наличия несостоятельности анастомозов на две группы: Иа группа - пациенты которых был прооперирован по поводу рака желудка и в которых было установлено несостоятельность анастомозов - 16 Ииа группа 58 пациента - каким было проведено оперативное вмешательство и в которых не было установлено несостоятельности. Больные каждой группы были распределены по четырем подгруппам в зависимости от наличия нестабильности микросателлитов в локусах ВАТ-25 ВАТ-26. Результаты Наличие у больных раком желудка Streptococcus Bovis, может быть ранним маркером развития заболевания. Ведущим метаболическим профилем микробиоценоза при развитии рака желудка, является значительное накопление биогенных аминов. Анализ результатов исследования показывает, что несостоятельность анастомозов у больных раком желудка сопровождается глубокими нарушениями обмена соединительной ткани и подтверждается повышением активности эластазы, колагенолитичнои активности сыворотки крови и содержания в ней гликозаминогликанов. Показатель активности эластазы и гликозаминогликанов может быть прогностическим критерием для несостоятельности швов при осуществлении лечебных мероприятий.
THE STRUCTURAL AND METABOLIC DISORDERS OF CELLS' MEMBRANES IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Kolisnyk I.L. , Titkova A.V. , Rezunenko Yu.K. , Boiagina O.D.
Published: September 2018

The effect of small subtoxical doses of sodium fluoride on the activity of hepatocytes' microsoms on 30 Wistar rats' populations was studied in subacute experiments. The results indicate the disorder of mitochondrial respiratory activity of rats' hepatocytes during prolonged fluoride intoxication. Identified changes can be explained by the initiation of sodium fluoride free radical reactions and lipid peroxidation, whose products are the factors damaging membranes, including mitochondrial, where localized respiratory chain. Increased activity of the mitochondrial NADH-coenzymeQ-oxidoreductase action in the case of sodium fluoride at a dose 1/100 LD50, can probably be seen as a defensive response
Друковані ЗМІ України: історіографічний аспект
Authors: Шпак Віктор
Published: September 2018

У статті зроблено історіографічний аналіз напрацювань науковців, які досліджували становлення та розвиток національних засобів масової інформації. Проаналізовано наявну періодизацію розвитку ЗМІ залежно від різних чинників. Узагальнено, систематизовано і доповнено результати наявних досліджень. Зроблено висновки щодо прогалин з досліджуваної проблеми та запропоновано шляхи їх усунення.
El Slow Journalism en la era de la “infoxicación”
Authors: Benaissa Pedriza Samia
Published: September 2018

El slow journalism surge como respuesta a la sobrecarga informativa generada por la aceleración del ciclo de producción de noticias en una era digital marcada por la aparición de nuevos operadores (redes sociales, agregadores de noticias). El estudio de casos practicado y la reflexión sobre la función que el “periodismo lento” debe ejercer en la actualidad indican que este sigue siendo útil para mejorar la calidad de los productos informativos. Por otra parte, se confirma la existencia de una demanda en alza de contenidos multimedia que analicen los hechos informativos en profundidad. Estas necesidades están siendo cubiertas por empresas informativas independientes de los grandes medios, más interesados en rentabilizar otros mercados de demanda masiva como las noticias breves de actualidad.
Uji Efektivitas Jamur Beauveria bassiana dan Waktu Aplikasi Terhadap Hama Spodoptera litura Pada Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea)
Authors: Turnip Alum , Runtuboi Dirk Y.P. , Lantang Daniel
Published: September 2018

Beauveria bassianaÂ is one type of entomopathogenic fungi that can be used as a biopesticide. Papua province is rich in natural contents, as well as B. bassianaÂ fungus isolated from soil rhizofir banana plants at the location Housing Cenderawasih University Lecturer Jayapura, Perumnas III Waena, Heram District, Jayapura, Papua Province. Local isolates of B. bassianaÂ fungus reproduced in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Cenderawasih University Jayapura. This study aimed to get to get a concentration of B. bassianaÂ fungus that effectively kill pests Spodoptera lituraÂ mustard greens (Brassica juncea), the time interval applications (morning, afternoon, and evening) B. bassianaÂ fungus that effectively kill pests S. lituraÂ the mustard greens (B. juncea) and knowing the difference effectiveness of B. bassianaÂ fungus concentration and application time (morning, afternoon, and evening) to pests S. lituraÂ green mustard (B. juncea) as well as the interaction fungus B. bassianaÂ and application time (morning, afternoon and evening) to pests S. lituraÂ green mustard (B. juncea) with Randomized Complete DesignÂ Factorial (RAK-F) which consists of two factors: the concentration of fungi B. bassianaÂ and time of application. The results obtained that the concentration of the fungus B. bassianaÂ were effectively kill pests S. lituraÂ is a concentration of 1Â % and 1.5Â %. The time interval B. bassianaÂ fungus that effectively kill pests S. lituraÂ is morning, afternoon and evening. Differences in the effectiveness of the fungus B. bassianaÂ and applications in the time interval kill pests S. lituraÂ is a concentration of 0.5Â % and 1.5Â % in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Interval time of application of the interactions of fungi Â Â B. bassianaÂ in killing pests S. lituraÂ is an afternoon with a concentration of 1.5Â % on day 5 by 5Â %, the 8th day amounted to 17.5Â %, the 11th day amounted to 32.5Â % and on day-14 amounted to 42.5Â %.Â Â Key words:Â B. bassiana, B. juncea, effectiveness,Â time applications.Â
Pengembangan Skill Guna Meningkatkan Kinerja Sekretaris Pada Pt Jasa Raharja (Persero) Cabang Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Rofi’i Rofi’i , Mukti Sekar Arum
Published: September 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi kendala dalam pengembangan skill guna meningkatkan kinerja sekretaris pada PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) Cabang Kalimantan Selatan, dan untuk mengetahui pengembangan skill sekretaris yang perlu dilakukan oleh PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) Cabang Kalimantan Selatan

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif, yang mana penulis hanya menggambarkan masalah sebagaimana adanya atau sesuai dengan kenyataan yang terjadi pada objek penelitian. Dalam teknik pengumpulan data penulis melakukan observasi yaitu pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan, serta dokumentasi berupa foto-foto dan wawancara secara langsung.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) Cabang Kalimantan Selatan memiliki sekretaris yang kurang menguasai skill dasar sebagai seorang sekretaris sehingga menyebabkan kinerja sekretaris kurang efektif dan efisien. Hal ini disebabkan karena sekretaris merupakan seorang lulusan Sarjana Komputer sehingga tidak memiliki pengetahuan mendasar mengenai kesekretarisan, dan juga dikarenakan perusahaan tidak pernah memberikan pelatihan khusus tentang kesekretarisan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini sekretaris harus berinisiatif untuk mengembangkan skill salah satunya dengan cara mempelajari literature yang ada hubungannya dengan skill tersebut, selain itu perusahaan juga harus mengadakan pelatihan untuk sekretaris dengan menerapkan sasaran pelatihan, menyusun kurikulum, menetapkan sarana, memilih peserta, dan menetapkan waktu pelaksanaan. Dengan melakukan strategi tersebut maka skill sekretaris akan berkembang dan kinerja sekretaris akan menjadi lebih baik.