bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meloxicam e prednisona: efeitos do tratamento oral de curto prazo sobre os níveis de pressão intra-ocular em cães
Authors: Fusco Maria Alice , Telhado João , Pereira Jorge Da Silva , Januzzi Fernanda Guimarães , Botteon Paulo De Tarso Landgraf
Published: September 2016

Para possível observação da hipertensão ocular com o uso de anti-inflamatórios, foram selecionados 28 cães da raça Beagle. Para avaliação da pressão intra-ocular antes do tratamento, no dia 0 (zero) todos os animais tiveram a pressão intra-ocular avaliada às 08 horas e às 16 horas. No dia seguinte dez cães receberam meloxicam na dose de 0,2 mg/kg, e 0,1mg/kg nos restantes quatro dias. Nove cães receberam prednisona na dose de 1,0 mg/kg durante cinco dias. Nove cães receberam somente porção de ração úmida. No quinto dia do tratamento todos os animais tiveram novamente a pressão intra-ocular avaliada às 08 horas e às 16 horas. Em todos os grupos, incluindo o grupo-controle, as maiores médias de pressão intra-ocular foram observadas no dia 5 (cinco). A diferença dos valores de pressão intra-ocular observada entre as medições das 08 horas e das 16 horas foi significativa, independente do tratamento e do dia considerado. O uso dos anti-inflamatórios esteroidal e não-esteroidal não foi capaz de causar hipertensão ocular e alguns fatores podem ser incriminados, como via de administração, dose e duração do tratamento utilizado, além da ausência de doença glaucomatosa nos cães selecionados.
Inquérito sorológico da infecção por herpesvírus equino no Estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Lara Maria Do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold , Torelli Camila Souza , Cunha Elenice Maria Sequetin , Villalobos Eliana Monteforte Cassaro , Cunha Mariana Sequetin , Bello Ana Cristina P. P. , Cunha Arildo P. , Reis Jenner K. P. , Leite Rômulo Cerqueira , Mori Enio
Published: September 2016

Os herpesvírus equinos tipo 1 (HVE-1) e 4 (HVE-4) são agentes causadores de diferentes formas de doença em cavalos, das quais as mais comuns são a rinopneumonite, o abortamento, a mortalidade perinatal e a mieloencefalopatia herpética equinas, que causam grandes perdas econômicas. Tem sido descrita mundialmente, havendo poucos estudos no Brasil. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a ocorrência e a distribuição da infecção por herpesvírus equinos (HVE) em equídeos criados em dez Delegacias Regionais do Estado de Minas Gerais: Almenara, Bambuí, Curvelo, Governador Valadares, Montes Claros, Oliveira, São Gonçalo do Sapucaí, Teófilo Otoni, Unaí e Viçosa. Foi utilizada a técnica de soroneutralização em microplacas com o intuito de detectar anticorpos soro neutralizantes. Das amostras analisadas, 17,6% (145/826) foram soropositivas para o HVE, sendo 18,7% (140/749) cavalos soropositivos, 6,8% (5/73) muares soropositivos e nenhum asinino soropositivo (0/4). Conclui-se que o HVE-1 encontra-se amplamente disseminado no Estado de Minas Gerais, pois todas as regiões estudadas apresentaram animais sororreagentes ao HVE-1. Observou-se maior ocorrência de anticorpos contra o HVE em animais adultos, indicando assim o potencial desses animais como fonte de infecção para os potros.
Efeitos da fenilbutazona na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas experimentais em equinos
Authors: Hussni Carlos Alberto , Groh Tanja Melanie , Alves Ana Liz Garcia , Crocci Adalberto José , Nicoletti José Luiz de Mello , Watanabe Marcos Jun
Published: September 2016

No processo de cicatrização por segunda intenção de feridas cutâneas experimentalmente induzidas em equinos, avaliaram-se os efeitos da fenilbutazona e comparou-se a cicatrização entre as regiões torácica e lombar. Utilizaram-se dez equinos, dos quais se retirou fragmentos circulares de pele de dois centímetros de diâmetro das regiões lombares e torácicas direita e esquerda. Os equinos foram distribuídos em dois grupos, sendo o primeiro controle, recebendo água destilada a cada 12 horas, durante cinco dias. O outro grupo foi tratado com fenilbutazona (4,4 mg/kg) com o mesmo intervalo e período do grupo controle. As feridas foram tratadas diariamente com Líquido de Dakin, momentos quando se procederam as observações macroscópicas. A cada 72 horas procederam-se as mensurações das feridas. Para análise histológica realizou-se biópsias no sexto e décimo quinto dia. O tempo total de reparo das feridas no grupo tratado foi maior em aproximadamente 12 dias (37 dias para o grupo controle e 49 dias para o grupo tratado). Não se observou diferença significativa do tempo de cicatrização entre as feridas torácicas e lombares de um mesmo grupo. As avaliações macroscópicas e histopatológicas mostraram o efeito inibidor da fenilbutazona quando comparada com o grupo controle na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas por segunda intenção em equinos.
Redução da primeira dose de GnRH em vacas holandesas de alta produção sincronizadas com Ovsynch ou Heatsynch
Authors: Lima Flávio Aragon , Veras Márcio Barciela , Sales José Nélio de Sousa , Crepaldi Gabriel Armond , Maio José Ricardo Garla de , Baruselli Pietro Sampaio
Published: September 2016

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito da redução da primeira dose de GnRH (10 vs 20 µg) e do tipo de protocolo de sincronização para a IATF (Ovsynch e Heatsynch) na taxa de prenhez de vacas holandesas de alta produção sincronizadas para IATF (n = 581). Os animais foram distribuídos entre os tratamentos e alocados em arranjo fatorial 2x2, sendo: Trat 1- Ovsynch (20 µg GnRH no D0; PGF no D7; 10 µg GnRH no D9 e IATF no D10; n = 141), Trat 2- ½ Ovsynch (10 µg GnRH no D0; PGF no D7; 10 µg GnRH no D9 e IATF no D10; n = 159), Trat 3- Heatsynch (20 µg GnRH no D0; PGF no D7; 1 mg BE no D8 e IATF no D10; n = 147) e Trat 4- ½ Heatsynch (10 µg GnRH no D0; PGF no D7; 1 mg BE no D8 e IATF no D10; n = 134). O Grupo Ovsynch (Trat 1 e 2) apresentou maior taxa de prenhez que o grupo Heatsynch (Trat 3 e 4) aos 28 dias (45,7% (137/300) e 39,9% (112/281), respectivamente; P = 0,07) e aos 56 dias de gestação (41,0% (123/300) e 34,2% (96/281), respectivamente; P = 0,06). A dose de GnRH, não influenciou (P >; 0.10)a taxa de prenhez aos 28 dias (44,4% (128/288) vs 41,3% (121/293); P = 0,50) e aos 56 dias (38,2% (110/288) vs 37,2% (109/293); P = 0,68) entre os grupos tratados com 10 µg ou 20 µg de acetato de buserelina. As perdas gestacionais (ente 28 e 56 dias) nγo diferiram entre os protocolos para IATF e dose de GnRH (P >; 0,10). Conclui-se que, protocolo Ovsynch apresentou maior taxa de prenhez à IATF que o Heatsynch e a administração de 10 µg de Acetato de Buserelina no início dos tratamentos de sincronização não comprometeu a eficiência do protocolo de sincronização para IATF em vacas holandesas de alta produção.
Avaliação clínica e parasitológica de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi submetidos a tratamento com antimoniato de meglumina e alopurinol
Authors: Ikeda-Garcia Fabiana Augusta , Lopes Raimundo Souza , Marques Fábia Judice , Ciarlini Paulo César , Lima Valéria Marçal Félix de , Morinishi Celina Kazue , Zanette Maurício Franco , Perri Sílvia Helena Venturoli , Marcondes Mary
Published: September 2016

Com objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do tratamento, verificar a ocorrência de possíveis recidivas da doença e pesquisar a presença de parasitas após a realização do tratamento, foram utilizados sete cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania sp., submetidos a tratamento com antimoniato de meglumina e alopurinol. Para tanto, foram realizadas punções biópsias aspirativas de linfonodos e de medula óssea em sete momentos. Após o término dos seis meses de observação, todos os cães foram submetidos à eutanásia e realizados "imprints" e cultivo in vitro do baço e fígado para a pesquisa de formas amastigotas. Todos os animais apresentaram remissão dos sintomas e durante todo o período de observação nenhum cão apresentou recidiva da doença apesar de ter sido observada a presença de formas amastigotas do parasita em dois animais, ao término do experimento. Desta forma, foi possível concluir que o tratamento promove a cura clínica, entretanto não elimina completamente os parasitas.
The Law of Ritual Slaughter and the Principle of Religious Equality
Authors: Gliszczyńska-Grabias Aleksandra , Sadurski Wojciech
Published: September 2016

In December 2014, the Polish Constitutional Tribunal struck down as unconstitutional a statute that prohibited all animal slaughter conducted without prior stunning. The Tribunal found this law contrary to Polish (and European) provisions regarding freedom of exercise of religion. In the present paper, we critically analyze the judgment through the lens of the general principle of religious equality. Considering other European cases involving ritual slaughter, as well as a landmark us case on the matter, we propose a template for the discussion of equality in religious matters, based on a distinction between two formulas: “substantive” equality, which requires accommodation of religious requirements and often calls for exemptions from general rules; and “formal” equality, which calls for the equal application of general moral standards to all religious and non-religious practices. We conclude that a “formal” conception is also based on substantive moral considerations about the priority of some general moral requirements over those demanded by particular religious practices.
Three new Hermatomyces species (Lophiotremataceae) on Pandanus odorifer from Southern Thailand
Authors: TIBPROMMA SAOWALUCK , BHAT JAYARAMA , DOILOM MINGKWAN , LUMYONG SAISAMORN , NONTACHAIYAPOOM SUREEPORN , YANG JUN-BO , HYDE KEVIN DAVID
Published: September 2016

Investigations on microfungi on Pandanus odorifer (Pandanaceae) from southern Thailand resulted in the discovery of three new species of Hermatomyces (Lophiotremataceae). Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data showed that our new taxa cluster with Hermatomyces species and were well separated from Aquasubmersa and Lophiotrema species in Lophiotremataceae. We introduce the new species, Hermatomyces krabiensis, H. pandanicola and H. saikhuensis, with illustrated accounts. Evidence for demarcation of the three new species is provided using morphology and phylogenetic analyses. This is the first report of Hermatomyces on Pandanus species.
A NEW SPECIES OF CENTAUREA (ASTERACEAE) FROM TURKEY

Authors: UYSAL TUNA , HAMZAOĞLU ERGIN , ERTUĞRUL KUDDISI , BOZKURT MERYEM
Published: September 2016

A new species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) from Turkey is described and illustrated. Centaurea nallihanense Uysal & Hamzaoğlu occurs on stony slopes of corrupted oak openings in the Province of Ankara in Central Anatolia. It seems to be similar to C. sect. Ptosimopappus but related to the Cheirolepis-Pseudoseridia complex. Diagnostic characters of similar taxa are provided and a comprehensive discussion is held on the basis of molecular and karyological data. The geographical distribution of the new species is mapped. The chromosome number of C. nallihanense, 2n = 2x = 18, counted in root tips, is also reported and illustrated. Its karyotype formula is 6m+3sm. The karyotype of C. nallihanense consists of mainly metacentric chromosomes with the length ranging from 1.113 to 1.771 µm, and the total haploid chromosome length of 12.909 µm. Also, the ITS gene region of the new species is amplified and sequenced to compare with the relatives and to identify the taxonomical position of the new species within Centaurea.
A new species of Smilax (Smilacaceae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: JIN XIN-JIE , CHEN YAO , LEE JOONGKU , Qi Zhechen , Liu LuXian , Li Pan , Fu Chengxin
Published: September 2016

A new species, Smilax hirtellicaulis (Smilacaceae), from southwestern China is described and illustrated. The new species differs from all known Smilax species in its unique tepals, i.e., basally connate in male flowers but separate in female flowers. Phylogenetic analysis supports its species delimitation, and suggests a sister position to the clade of Smilax sect. Heterosmilax which have flowers with connate tepals. Their closest phylogenetic relationship and resembled flower morphology may represent an evolutionary transition from separate to united tepals in Smilax. It thus provides us an ideal model for studying the evolution and development of such an innovative floral trait.
New tribe Labiobaetini tribus n., redefinition of Pseudopannota Waltz & McCafferty 1987 and descriptions of new and little known species from Zambia and Uganda
Authors: KLUGE NIKITA J. , NOVIKOVA EUGENIA A.
Published: September 2016

A new tribe Labiobaetini tribus n. is established for a plesiomorphon Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge 1987 and a holophyletic taxon Pseudopannota Waltz & McCafferty 1987. New synonymy Pseudopannota Waltz & McCafferty 1987 = Ophelmatostoma Waltz & McCafferty 1987, syn. n. is proposed. A new species Pseudopannota pannota sp. n. closely related to P. berthrandi (Demoulin 1967) is described from Zambia based on imagoes of both sexes reared from larvae. Pseudopannota camerunense (Ulmer 1920) comb. n. is redescribed from Zambia based on imagoes of both sexes reared from larvae. A new species Pseudopannota fusca sp. n. is described from Uganda based on larvae and subimagoes of both sexes extracted from mature larvae. Pseudopannota maculosa (Crass 1947) is reported from Zambia based on larvae. Labiobaetis tenuicrinitus (Kopelke 1980) comb. n. (= Baetis spatulatus Gillies 1994 syn. n.) is redescribed from Uganda based on imagoes of both sexes reared from larvae.
On the genus Aphaobius Abeille de Perrin, 1878, with description of a new species from the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) of Austria (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Leptodirini)
Authors: FAILLE ARNAUD , RIBERA IGNACIO , FRESNEDA JAVIER
Published: September 2016

Aphaobius haraldi sp. n. from the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) of the Austrian Alps is described, illustrated, and compared with the closest species of the genus. The new species belongs to the A. kraussi species group, formerly including five species. It can be readily separated from other species of the genus by the large parameres, with an enlarged apical part, a unique feature among species of Aphaobius. The phylogenetic position of the new species is clarified using mitochondrial and nuclear data of four related species of Aphaobius, plus some representatives of related genera from the same geographic area. The diversification of the group was estimated to be recent, dating from the Pleistocene. New records and molecular data are provided regarding the enigmatic monospecific genus of the Austrian Alps, Lotharia Mandl, 1944, which was found to be sister to the studied species of Aphaobius.
Revision of the Ambrysus hybridus Montandon species complex (Heteroptera: Naucoridae: Cryphocricinae) with the description of a new species from Mexico
Authors: REYNOSO-VELASCO DANIEL , SITES ROBERT W.
Published: September 2016

The Ambrysus hybridus Montandon species complex is revised and includes A. convexus Usinger, A. fuscus Usinger stat. rev., A. hybridus Montandon, A. lattini La Rivers, A. plautus Polhemus & Polhemus, A. spiculus Polhemus & Polhemus, A. thermarum La Rivers, and A. ultimus La Rivers. Ambrysus lariversi n. sp. is the ninth species in this complex and is described from Mexico. A. tridentatus La Rivers and A. woodburyi Usinger are proposed as junior synonyms of A. hybridus Montandon and for which a lectotype is designated. Most of the species in this complex occur only in Mexico, although A. thermarum is known only from the United States and A. hybridus occurs from the southwestern United States to southern Mexico and has the widest distribution of any species in this complex. Features uniting these species are related to male genitalia and structures associated with the male and female genitalia.
A review of the genus Garra Hamilton 1822 of Bhutan, including the descriptions of two new species and three additional records (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
Authors: THONI R.J. , GURUNG D.B. , MAYDEN R.L.
Published: September 2016

Seven species of Garra are herein accounted for in Bhutan. Three new records of known species, G. arupi, G. birostris, and G. lissorhynchus, and two new species, G. bimaculacauda sp. nov. and G. parastenorhynchus sp. nov., are reported from central and southern Bhutan. Garra bimaculacauda sp. nov. is most notably different from its congeners by the presence of two dark spots on the lobes of the caudal fin, having one spot on each lobe. Meristic and morphometric differences from northeastern Indian congeners exist as well. Garra parastenorhynchus sp. nov. is differentiated from its congeners by the presence of a prominent, overhanging, club-shaped proboscis, and a suite of meristic and morphometric characters. Notes on the taxonomy are provided for some species. Notes are provided on the biology and ecology for most species, which have been inferred from field observations. Ranges are expanded for two recently described taxa from Northeast India G. arupi, and G. birostris. A key is provided to the currently known species of Garra within Bhutan.
Contrasting Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Equatorially Asymmetric and Symmetric Meridional Sea Surface Temperature Structures
Authors: Feng Juan , Li Jianping , Jin Feifei , Liu Zhengyu , Nan Xing , Guo Yipeng
Published: September 2016

The impacts of different meridional structures of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) on the Hadley circulation (HC) in the annual mean are investigated during the period 1948–2013. By decomposing the variations in SST and the HC into two components—that is, the equatorially asymmetric (SEA for SST, and HEA for HC) and the equatorially symmetric (SES for SST, and HES for HC) parts—it is shown that the long-term variability in SEA and SES captures well the temporal variations in equatorially asymmetric and symmetric variations in SST. The variation in HEA is closely linked to that of SEA, and the variation in HES is connected with that of SES. However, the response of HEA to a given amplitude variation in SEA is stronger (by ~5 times) than that of HES to the same amplitude variation in SES. This point is further verified by theoretical and numerical models, indicating that the meridional structure of SST plays a crucial role in determining the anomalies in HC. This result may explain why the principal mode of HC is dominated by an equatorially asymmetric mode in its long-term variability.
Simultaneous estimation of velocity and density in acoustic multiparameter full-waveform inversion using an improved scattering-integral approach
Authors: Yang Jizhong , Liu Yuzhu , Dong Liangguo
Published: September 2016

Density is known to be difficult to reconstruct in multiparameter full-waveform inversion (FWI). This difficulty results from the similarity of the diffraction patterns of velocity and density at small scattering angles. In addition, the sensitivities of seismic data with respect to velocity and density have different orders of magnitude which make the inversion ill-conditioned. The inverse Hessian has been shown to mitigate the coupling effects and rescale the magnitudes of different parameters, such that reliable updates for all parameters are available. We have investigated the possibility of simultaneous estimations of velocity and density in acoustic media using the truncated Gauss-Newton method. The model updates are calculated using a matrix-free conjugate gradient solution of the Gauss-Newton normal equation. The gradients of the misfit function with respect to the model parameters and the Hessian-vector products are computed using an improved scattering-integral approach. To give some insights into the trade-off effects between velocity and density, and the imaging resolution in FWI, the sensitivity kernels of both parameters are numerically calculated in homogeneous background models, and their spatial distributions and characteristics are analyzed. The synthetic experiments on a canonical inclusion model and the 2004 BP model confirm that, in cases in which the Gauss-Newton approximate Hessian, especially its off-diagonal blocks, is accurately taken into account, the truncated Gauss-Newton method can effectively mitigate the trade-off effects between velocity and density and provide accelerated convergence rate. Hence, well-resolved velocity and density models are expected.
Metalepsis and the Author Figure in Modernist and Postmodernist Fiction
Authors: Levin Yael
Published: September 2016

This paper traces instances of metalepsis in John Fowles’s The French Lieutenant’s Woman, Vladimir Nabokov’s Bend Sinister, Karin Fossum’s Broken, and J. M. Coetzee’s Slow Man. In its collapsing of narrative levels, that stylistic device is commonly seen as dramatizing a uniquely postmodern relationship between the author and his or her characters. Such a newly envisioned dynamic has been understood as fiction’s response to the theoretical debate about the so-called death of the author and, more broadly, to the posthumanist discourse on the dissolution of the liberal-humanist subject. In contrast, I argue that, seen as definitive of postmodern poetics, metalepsis stages a peculiarly modernist gesture. Its transgression of diegetic levels ultimately reinforces (rather than undermines) the author figure and thus is incommensurate with the postmodern negotiation of a subjectivity beyond authorial omnipotence. It is only through its gradual extinction that metalepsis serves the postmodern attempt to rethink the author and chart anew its peculiar subject position. In place of the clearly signposted ontological hierarchy on which the device depends, the postmodern promotes a single undifferentiated narrative plane where the author figure is recreated as a fictional character in the process of becoming. The disappearance of the first allows for the resurrection of the latter.
To the Problem of Standardization of Special Conditions of Education of Students with Disabilities
Authors: ��������  , Levchenko Irina , ���������  , Guseynova Ashcha
Published: September 2016

The article discusses the issues of special conditions for students with disabilities in terms of inclusive education. It is shown that the inclusion in the

educational organization the child with developmental disorders can be eff ective only in the presence of personnel, logistical, educational and other

conditions.
CONDITIONS AND PREREQUISITES OF DEVELOPMENT OF CLUSTERS IN THE SPHERE OF YOUTH TOURISM IN THE NORTH-WEST FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Гришин Сергей , Grishin Sergey , Карпова Галина , Karpova Galina
Published: September 2016

The article is devoted to the issue of identifying the prerequisites and conditions for the formation of the system of clusters of the youth tourism in the North-Western Federal district. Despite the active development of cluster structures in tourism and hospitality, both in Russian and abroad they pay fairly little attention to the establishment of clusters in the sphere of youth tourism. The reasons for this phenomenon is due to the peculiarities of youth tourism (not always profitable nature of this sphere of private businesses, the increased level of attention to consumers and their safety, etc.), as well as the need to strictly control and regulate the various ministries and agencies, whose functional duties are somehow connected with the safeguarding and protecting children and young people. The creation of the system of effectively functioning regional and municipal clusters, the youth tourism would solve many of the problems facing the industry as a whole. The goal of creating a modern and efficient cluster formations in the study area, according to the authors, should have a close connaction with youth tourism peculiarities as a sector of tourism and should take into account the specific trends and dynamics of development of this phenomenon in the Russian context. An important aspect in the modeling process of tourism cluster in the field of youth tourism should recognize the correct definition and allocation of characteristics and features based on classification features, which are typical to any cluster in the field of tourism and hospitality in the Russian Federation.
Thermal Inspection of Aircraft Multilayer Nose Fairing
Authors: Чижов  , Chizhov Igor , Попов  , Popov Aleksey , Заец  , Zaets Nikolay
Published: September 2016

Introduction. Multilayer structures have a high stiffness with low weight. The rigidity of the structures can be preserved only under condition of their integrity preservation. To identify emerging defects, there are different non-destructive testing methods and means. Increased use of composite materials leads to the development of new technologies for their inspection. The thermal inspection is a method preferred for defect detection in multilayer structures.

Method. The article presents a study on application of thermal method for testing of composite multilayer structures to enhance the testing efficiency. Using a mathematical model of thermal testing, the theoretical studies of defect detection possibility (POD) were carried out on the basis of temperature fields’ analysis. The values of varied factors, which provide the best detection of defects, were determined. The results of mathematical modelling served as a basis for the experimental research to determine the capabilities of the thermal method to detect defects.

Results. The experimental results were used to develop the inspection technique and hardware for defective areas identifying in the aircraft fairings. The developed technique helped to increase the reliability of the air fairing testing by 7% and efficiency by 40% (for labour costs).
Productivity and Reliability Study of Non Destructive Testing Techniques for Inspection of Structural Welds in Construction Industry
Authors: Чан  , Chan Alan , Бабу  , Babu Sajeesh Kumar , Чан  , Chan V.
Published: September 2016

Introduction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the productivity and reliability of non-destructive testing techniques for the inspection of structural welds employed in the Hong Kong construction industry.

Method. Manual ultrasonic pulse echo method and semi-automatic ultrasonic techniques using phased array (PAUT) as well as radiographic testing were employed. Five classes of defects were analyzed: lack of penetration, lack of fusion, crack, porosity and slag inclusion. The tests were carried out on the specimen made from structural plate, on which artefacts were inserted on the weld metal. The results were being studied to compare the defect detection reliability by both ultrasonic techniques. The flaw detection productivity using phased array is also compared with conventional ultrasonic testing at a determined rate.

Results. The reliability of PAUT was 100% compared to 96.7% with manual ultrasonic testing, however with the inclusion of defect sizing and tolerance the reliability of manual UT is dropped to 57.4%, which implies there is a chance of 42.6% of improper sizing). PAUT exhibits the reliability of 87.5%. The research will be continued with the aim of determining the most appropriate and reliable NDT methods in each case.
Fluorescent Magnetic Particle Suspension for Indications Detection on the Extra Illuminated Working Area
Authors: Яременко  , Yaremenko Yuriy
Published: September 2016

Application of fluorescent magnetic suspensions for magnetic particle examination increases process productivity because it eliminates the need to apply (and subsequently remove) priming paint for contrasting white background creating on the tested surface. To obtain contrast fluorescent indications it is necessary to ensure sufficient darkness for the working area. However it is practically impossible to provide the necessary darkness while testing large-size welded and cast products in the industrial premises. The aim of this work was to develop oil-based fluorescent suspension with fluorescence indications of a high level and minimal increase of background fluorescence.

As a result the suspension MR®761F has been developed; its fluorescence parameters are several times better than those of the standard product. In addition to high-contrast indications, the new suspension has a high flash point of dispersive medium (83°C); that allows not only reducing the risks of dispersive medium vapour flash from ignition sources (including sparks), but also reducing the amount of hydrocarbon products evaporation in the working area. Besides, the new suspension provides an opportunity to the companies, which were forced to work with far more dangerous radiation sources (450...460 nm), to work with UV radiation of less energy.
Truthful, Budget-Balanced Bundle Double Auctions for Carrier Collaboration
Authors: Xu Su Xiu , Huang George Q. , Cheng Meng
Published: September 2016

This paper aims to propose effective auction mechanisms for the carrier collaboration problem with bilateral exchange, which is generally the problem of how to realize the potential of carrier collaboration over a bilateral exchange transportation network (e.g., a B2B e-commerce logistics environment). Carriers offer the lanes with the highest marginal costs for subcontracting, while they are allowed to bid on bundles of the lanes. We construct a bundle double auction (BDA) for the one-unit demand case in which the lane offered by each buyer (transportation service purchaser) is only required to be covered with one truckload once. The BDA mechanism realizes incentive compatibility, individual rationality, budget balance, and asymptotical efficiency. We then propose two mechanisms, called BDA-1 and BDA-2, for the multiunit demand case in which each buyer asks for one or multiple truckloads of transportation service. Both mechanisms are effective but differ in incentive compatibility and realized social welfare. The computational study shows that all proposed mechanisms are practically implementable and lead to considerable cost savings for the carrier collaboration network, and most of the benefits generated via collaboration are assigned among carriers. We also numerically analyze the impacts of three operational factors: network structure, the degree of self-served lanes, and the number of lanes in the network.
Colostrum quality
Authors: Hart Kathryn
Published: September 2016

Colostrum is often seen as a simple topic to get right on farms, however good colostrum management is rarely achieved. Assessing all of the 5Qs of colostrum is a quick, structured approach to this area. Quantity, Quality, Quickly and sQueaky clean are the four on farm areas followed by Quantifying the results. Regular monitoring mainly using calf serum total protein can be used as a good team building exercise to maintain good farm team motivation. This work can greatly improve calf health, farm economics as well as strengthening the vet, farm team relationship.
Acute plant poisoning in goats
Authors: Bates Nicola
Published: September 2016

Goats are at risk of poisoning if they gain access to toxic plants. The clinical signs depend on the plant involved and there are many different poisonous plants but it is possible to group some together by the toxic compounds they contain. The clinical signs and treatment recommendations for poisoning with plants containing cardiac glycosides, cyanogenic glycosides, grayanotoxins, protoanemonin and taxane alkaloids are described. In goats poisoning is particularly common with Rhododendron species and Pieris species, which contain grayanotoxins, and Prunus species containing cyanogenic glycosides. 10.12968/live.2016.21.5.300
A simple behaviour system
Authors: Stevenson Matthew
Published: September 2016

After touring schools across the country, school leader Matthew Stevenson and his colleagues developed Ready to Learn – an approach to behaviour management that supports all teachers. He explains how
A FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NEPAL USING AHP MODEL
Authors: Bhandari Ashish , Nakarmi Amrit Man
Published: September 2016

The inference of this study lies mainly in identifying and prioritizing financial parameters based on which financial institutions are considered efficient. This study attempts to find out the current performance of commercial banks in Nepal and develop a multi criteria model to check the health and status of these banks. This research will explore the Key Performance Indicators based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process and identify how these are affecting a bank’s performance in Nepal. The study reveals the financial positions of three public and ten private commercial banks. The data are mainly obtained from the Central Bank of Nepal annual audited financial statements of commercial banks (published by the respective banks), and a yearly economic survey. An average of four year ratios from 2008/09 to 2011/12 was evaluated to assess the financial performance of the commercial banks. Thirteen commercial banks were selected for the analysis in this study. The financial ratios used to assess bank performance were taken based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process framework in which hierarchical criteria were determined based on CAEL (Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Efficiency and Liquidity.
Preliminary test shrinkage estimators for the shape parameter of generalized exponential distribution
Authors: Salman Abbas Najim , Hadi Rana
Published: September 2016

The present paper deals with the estimation of the shape parameter α of Generalized Exponential GE (α, λ) distribution when the scale parameter λ is known, by using preliminary test single stage shrinkage (SSS) estimator when a prior knowledge available about the shape parameter as initial value due past experiences as well as optimal region R for accepting this prior knowledge.The Expressions for the Bias [B (.)], Mean Squared Error [MSE] and Relative Efficiency [R.Eff (.)] for the proposed estimator is derived.Numerical results about conduct of the considered estimator are discussed include study the mentioned expressions. The numerical results exhibit and put it in tables.Comparisons between the proposed estimator  withe classical estimator  as well as with some earlier studies were made to show the effect and usefulness of the considered estimator.
Estandarización de una batería para la evaluación de factores de riesgo psicosociales laborales en trabajadores colombianos.
Authors: Gómez Viviola , Segura Camacho Sebastián , Castrillón Diego , Perilla Lyria Esperanza
Published: September 2016

En 2010 se desarrolló una batería de instrumentos para evaluar factores psicosociales laborales de riesgo para la salud, en respuesta a la Resolución 2646 de 2008 del Ministerio de la Protección Social de Colombia. Sin embargo, esta cuenta con algunas limitaciones que, a partir de la construcción y validación de una nueva batería, en el presente estudio se buscan superar. La nueva batería ofrece recursos adicionales para la evaluación de estos factores: incorpora los instrumentos e indicadores centrales de los modelos demanda-control-apoyo social y desequilibrio esfuerzo-recompensa, y los factores intralaborales no contemplados en dichos modelos, pero que la Resolución considera necesarios, se midieron con pruebas preexistentes o desarrolladas por los autores. Con los datos recolectados es posible calcular indicadores globales de demanda, control y apoyo social; además de condiciones familiares y sociales de riesgo, afrontamiento, personalidad e indicadores de salud y bienestar. Para la validación, la batería se aplicó a una muestra de 16.095 trabajadores de diferentes ocupaciones y municipios colombianos. Los análisis de consistencia interna y validez permiten afirmar que la batería es sencilla de aplicar en papel o por computador, permitirá comparar ocupaciones, obtener puntuaciones unificadas por variable, ofrecer un diagnóstico de un número importante de las variables sugeridas en la Resolución y comparar los resultados de los trabajadores colombianos con los de otros países.
Processamento comunicativo em adultos com AVC unilateral de hemisfério direito : avaliação através de bateria breve.
Authors: Rosa de Oliveira Camila , Carlesso Pagliarin Karina , De Freitas Calvette Luara , Saloum Bastos Alan , Paz Fonseca Rochele
Published: September 2016

Pacientes com lesão cerebrovascular de hemisfério direito (LHD) tendem a apresentar déficits comunicativos. Este estudo visou a investigar o processamento comunicativo de pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) de hemisfério direito. A amostra incluiu 100 participantes: 25 com LHD, 25 com AVC de hemisfério esquerdo (LHE) e 50 controles neurologicamente preservados (PNP). Os participantes responderam a um questionário de dados sociodemográficos, ao Mini Exame do Estado Mental para avaliar capacidade cognitiva geral, à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de 15 pontos e à Escala Beck de Depressão para investigar sintomas depressivos, ao Teste dos Sinos para avaliar heminegligência, e à Escala Rankin Modificada para verificar capacidade funcional. O processamento comunicativo foi avaliado com a Bateria Montreal de Avaliação da Comunicação, versão abreviada – Bateria MAC Breve. Os escores foram comparados por One-Way ANOVA e Qui-quadrado. Houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos LHD e PNP em 89% das tarefas, mas não entre os grupos LHD e LHE. Além disso, o grupo LHD apresentou desempenho comunicativo inferior ao grupo PNP. Tais achados sugerem evidências de cooperação interhemisférica para os processamentos comunicativos.
The Value of Marketing Crowdsourced New Products as Such: Evidence from Two Randomized Field Experiments
Authors: Nishikawa Hidehiko , Schreier Martin , Fuchs Christoph , Ogawa Susumu
Published: September 2016

To complement their in-house, designer-driven efforts, companies are increasingly experimenting with crowdsourcing initiatives in which they invite their user communities to generate new product ideas. Although innovation scholars have begun to analyze the objective promise of crowdsourcing, the current research is unique in pointing out that merely marketing the source of design to customers might bring about an incremental increase in product sales. The findings from two randomized field experiments reveal that labeling crowdsourced new products as such—that is, marketing the product as “customer-ideated” at the point of purchase versus not mentioning the specific source of design—increased the product's actual market performance by up to 20%. Two controlled follow-up studies reveal that the effect observed in two distinct consumer goods domains (food and electronics) can be attributed to a quality inference: consumers perceive “customer-ideated” products to be based on ideas that address their needs more effectively, and the corresponding design mode is considered superior in generating promising new products.
An investigation of the effects of suture patterns on mechanical strength of intestinal anastomosis: an experimental study
Authors: Khoorjestan Sanaz Mosafer , Rouhi Gholamreza , Toolabi Karamollah
Published: September 2016

How the distance of sutures from the edge of tissue and the horizontal distance between stitches affect the mechanical strength of anastomosis is investigated. In this study, 180 bovine intestines were used to investigate the optimum pattern in 18 groups by considering a 4, 6, and 8 mm horizontal distance between stitches, and a 3, 5, and 7 mm distance from the edge of tissue with 3-0 Silk and 3-0 PDS sutures to maximize the strength of anastomosis (10 specimens in each group). Also, 80 specimens were used to investigate the maximum effective distance of sutures from the edge of tissue in eight groups of: 3, 5, 7, and 10 mm distance from the edge, with the same type of sutures. Tensile tests with an elongation rate of 5 mm/min were performed for all the groups. Based on the results, the pattern of 7-6 (distance from the edge-distance between stitches) for both 3-0 Silk and 3-0 PDS, 5-6 and 7-4 for 3-0 Silk, and 5-6 and 7-4 for 3-0 PDS can be considered as the best options among 18 different combinations. It was also found that increasing the distance from the edge from 7 mm to 10 mm does not cause a significant difference in mechanical strength. Results can help surgeons to improve the intestinal anastomosis and employ it as an input for automatic suturing devices.
Cryptic diversity of the mangrove-associated alga Bostrychia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Thailand
Authors: Saengkaew Jantana , Muangmai Narongrit , Zuccarello Giuseppe C.
Published: September 2016

Algal diversity has been extensively investigated using combinations of morphological and molecular approaches. These combined approaches are especially relevant for organisms where cryptic species are known to exist. Bostrychia is a widely distributed red alga commonly associated with mangroves and often exhibits cryptic diversity. Most previous studies of diversity of Bostrychia in Thailand were based solely on morphological identifications. Distribution based on morphospecies may not reveal the same phylogeographic patterns that are identifiable with genetic data. In the present study, we employed RuBisCo spacer sequences to observe patterns of genetic diversity of Bostrychia species along the coasts of the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) and Gulf of Thailand (Pacific Ocean) in Thailand. Our results show that, of the eight morphospecies of Bostrychia recognized on both coasts of Thailand, four (B. binderi, B. calliptera, B. tenella and B. moritziana) consist of multiple cryptic species. We found different distribution patterns for two cryptic species of B. binderi, one restricted to the Gulf of Thailand and the other to the Andaman Sea. Several new haplotypes were discovered for B. binderi, B. tenella and the B. moritziana/B. radicans species complex, which are mostly distributed along separate coasts of Thailand. Only through the use of molecular data were we able to determine differences in the distribution of cryptic Bostrychia species along the two coasts. These results highlight the importance of molecular data for red algal species distribution studies and also reinforce the differences between the two sides of the Thai-Malay peninsula.
Acquisition of English reflexive verb constructions: roles of syntactical indeterminacy and token frequency
Authors: Chengping Xu
Published: September 2016

This study draws on usage-based approach to language learning and investigates the role of syntactical indeterminacy and token frequency in constructional acquisition, for which reflexive verb constructions were selected as the testing field. Syntactic structures of reflexive verbs are either by reflexive constructions or adjectival passive, which have a polysemous interrelationship within the verb. To examine whether syntactic indeterminacy and token frequency play a role in the acquisition of reflexive verb constructions, a test of reflexive verb constructions and a baseline test formed with transitive verbs were developed and administered to L2 learners of an intermediate proficiency level. The findings show: (1) L2 reflexive verb constructions were less acquired than transitive constructions, suggesting that syntactic indeterminacy had an impact upon sentence production; (2) no significant difference was found between the productions of reflexive constructions and adjectival passives, but descriptive statistics showed that learners were attracted to the adjectival passive for production; (3) production of both syntactic structures reflected token frequency trend from COCA, indicating the important role of frequency in complex constructional acquisition.
A comparison of the L2 motivational self system between Chinese EFL and ESL learners
Authors: Jianying Zhang
Published: September 2016

This present study attempts to conduct a comparison of the tripartite model of L2 Motivational Self System in two different learning contexts, Chinese EFL and ESL learning settings. It was designed using a mixed methods approach, with a primary questionnaire instrument being supported by secondary interview data. The quantitative data was submitted to Amos version 18.0 to evaluate proposed models. It was found that L2 learning experience was the most important predictive dimension of intended learning effort for both samples. However, the roles of the other two components, the ideal L2 self and the ought-to L2 self, appeared to be unstable, which concludes that Dörnyei’s tripartite model obtained partial support in both EFL and ESL contexts. The analysis of qualitative data offers strong evidence for the claim that the future self-guides do not necessarily result in intended effort unless some essential conditions are met.
Finite Difference Approximation of Fractional Wave Equation with Concentrated Capacity
Authors: Delić Aleksandra , Jovanović Boško S.
Published: September 2016

We consider the time fractional wave equation with coefficient which contains
the Dirac delta distribution. The existence of generalized solutions of this initial-boundary value problem is proved. An implicit finite difference scheme approximating the problem is developed and its stability is proved. Estimates for the rate of convergence in special discrete energetic Sobolev norms are obtained. A numerical example confirms the theoretical results.
The regional differentiation of the demographic movements in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Madjevikj Mirjanka , Toshevska Biljana Apostolovska , Gorin Svemir , Ljakoska Marija
Published: September 2016

The Republic of Macedonia covers an area of 25,713 km² and according to data from the census conducted in 2002, it has a population of 2,022,547 inhabitants. In the past, the Republic of Macedonia was characterized by some significant demographic changes, including a decline in the average annual rate of population increase. The enhanced immigration movements and sudden decline in the rates of natural population increase have led to changes in distribution of the population and to a spatial differentiation in the population. The long period of transition in the country has been reflected in the spatial development of the country and its demographic processes and to relocation of the population. The different natural-geographical characteristics, unequal regional development potentials, unequal economic development, and demographic characteristics have led to changes in the demographic situation of certain regions. The regions that continually lose part of its population clearly differ from these regions that are characterized by an increased population which is leading to a greater concentration of people in certain location. Further decades with a declining birth rate, followed by a change in the values of population increase, together with migration movements, particularly from the rural and less developed economic regions, has resulted in a decline in the population. The different zones of depopulation and concentration in a simple way express the complex relationships in the population composition.
Enigmatic glacigenic ridges from the Odra Glaciation in the vicinity of Krzepice (Woźniki-Wieluń Upland, Poland)
Authors: Waga Jan Maciej , Fajer Maria
Published: September 2016

The central part of the Woźniki-Wieluń Upland is characterised by mature old glacial landforms associated with the Middle- Polish Glaciations. In some areas, however, more pronounced post-glacial landforms can be observed that were remodelled by later morphogenetic processes to a lesser extent. To the south-east of Krzepice, in the vicinity of Dolisko, there is an extensive depression in which twelve parallel ridges can be found. In terms of their morphology and location as well as due to their relationship to the surrounding landforms, the ridges examined resemble forms that would be referred to as drumlins, glaciotectonic forms or glacial curvilineations in late glacial areas. The material presented is the result of the initial research stage. The studies conducted in this stage involved primarily geomorphological mapping supplemented by an analysis of landforms on a shaded relief model and on an orthophotomap. At the current stage of studies on the glacigenic landforms in the vicinity of Dolisko, three scenarios concerning their origins have been put forward that need to be verified. The first scenario involves glaciotectonic origins, the second assumes that they were formed in the same manner as classic drumlins, fluted moraines or longitudinal squeeze ridges, and the third scenario assumes that they have the same origins as glacial curvilineations. The group of glacigenic ridges discussed is a glacial landform unique in southern Poland.