bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long Non-Coding RNA CCDC183-AS1 Acts as a miR-589-5p Sponge to Promote The Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Regulating SKP1 Expression
Authors: Zhu He , Zhang Hongwei , Pei Youliang , Liao Zhibin , Liu Furong , Su Chen , Liu Yachong , Dong Renshun , Song Jia , Zhang Xuewu , Fan Yawei , Liang Huifang , Zhang Bixiang , Chen Xiaoping
Published: December 2020

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of malignant human cancer with high morbidity and poor prognosis, causing numerous deaths per year worldwide. Growing evidence has been demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the roles, functions, and working mechanisms of most lncRNAs in HCC remain poorly defined.Methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of CCDC183-AS1 in HCC tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability were evaluated by CCK-8 and transwell assay, respectively. Animal experiments were used to explore the role of CCDC183-AS1 and miR-589-5p in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were performed to confirm the regulatory relationship between CCDC183-AS1, miR-589-5p and SKP1.Results: Significantly upregulated expression of CCDC183-AS1 was observed in both HCC tissues and cell lines. HCC patients with higher expression of CCDC183-AS1 had a poorer overall survival rate. Functionally, overexpression of CCDC183-AS1 markedly promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, whereas the downregulation of CCDC183-AS1 exerted opposite effects. MiR-589-5p inhibitor counteracted the proliferation, migration and invasion inhibitory effects induced by CCDC183-AS1 silencing. Mechanistically, CCDC183-AS1 acted as a ceRNA through sponging miR-589-5p to offset its inhibitory effect on the target gene SKP1, then promoted the tumorigenesis of HCC.Conclusions: CCDC183-AS1 functions as an oncogene to promote HCC progression through the CCDC183-AS1/miR-589-5p/SKP1 axis. Our study provided a novel potential therapeutic target for HCC patients.
The Analgesic Efficacy of Postoperative Bilateral, Ultrasound-Guided, Posterior Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Study
Authors: Zhao Yang , Zhang Han-Ying , Yuan Zong-Yi , Han Yi , Chen Yi-Rong , Liu Qi-Lin , Zhu Tao
Published: December 2020

Background: The study aimed to observe whether ﻿a postoperative bilateral, ultrasound-guided, posterior transversus abdominis plane block offers more benefits than placebo in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery in the enhanced recovery after surgery program.Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic surgery following the diagnosis of colorectal cancer were included in this study and randomized into Group TAP and Group Control. The patients received a postoperative bilateral, ultrasound-guided, posterior transversus abdominis plane block either 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine (Group TAP) per side or an equivalent volume of normal saline (Group Control). The primary outcome was the cumulative consumption of rescue tramadol within 24 h after the surgery. Secondary endpoints included numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores at rest and movement at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h. The related side effects, time to the first request for rescue tramadol, patient satisfaction on postoperative analgesia, time to the intestinal function return, time to mobilization, and the length of hospital stay were recorded.Results: In total, 92 patients were randomized, and 82 completed the trial. The posterior TAP block reduced numeric rating scale pain scores at rest and movement at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery but showed similar scores at 48 or 72 h. The total rescue tramadol requirement within the first 24 h reduced in Group TAP. A higher level of satisfaction with postoperative analgesia was observed in Group TAP on day 1 which was similar on days 2 and 3, compared with the Group Control. There were no complications due to the TAP block. A few incidences of opioids related side effects and a lower percentage of patients needing rescue tramadol analgesia within 24 h were observed in Group TAP. The time to the first request for rescue analgesia was prolonged, and the time to mobilization and flatus was reduced with a shorter hospital stay in Group TAP.Conclusions: A postoperative bilateral, ultrasound-guided, posterior transversus abdominis plane block resulted in better pain relief and a faster recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, without adverse effects. Trial registration: The study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR-IPR-17012650，12, Sep 2017).
Caesarean Section in Pregnancies Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lodge-Tulloch Nakeisha A , Elias Flavia T. S. , Pudwell Jessica , Gaudet Laura , Walker Mark , Smith Graeme N , Velez Maria P.
Published: December 2020

Background: Caesarean section rates are higher among pregnancies conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared to spontaneous conceptions (SC), implying an increase in neonatal and maternal morbidity. We aimed to compare caesarean section rates in ART pregnancies versus SC, overall, by indication (elective versus emergent), and by type of ART treatment (in-vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), fresh embryo transfer, frozen embryo transfer) in a systematic review and meta‐analysis.Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL databases using the OVID Platform from 1993-2019, and the search was completed in January 2020. The eligibility criteria were cohort studies with singleton conceptions after in-vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection using autologous oocytes versus spontaneous conceptions. The study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were performed using odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using random effect models in RevMan 5.3, and I-squared (I2) test > 75% was considered as high heterogeneity.Results: 1750 studies were identified from the search of which 34 met the inclusion criteria. Compared to spontaneous conceptions, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a 1.93-fold increase of odds of caesarean section (95% CI 1.78, 2.09). When stratified by indication, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a 2.12-fold increase of odds of elective caesarean section (95% CI 1.63, 2.77) and 1.57-fold increase of odds of emergent caesarean section (95% CI 1.27, 1.95). Conclusions: The odds of delivering by caesarean section are greater for ART singleton pregnancies compared to spontaneous conceptions. Preconception and pregnancy care plans should focus on minimizing the risks that may lead to emergency caesarean sections and finding strategies to understand and decrease the rate of elective caesarean sections.
Effect of Different Cardioprotective Methods on Extracorporeal Circulation in Fetal Sheep: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yan Yibo , Lei Binfeng , Shi Shuo , Wu Qianbiao , Cai Jinsheng
Published: December 2020

BackgroundCongenital heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in newborns and infants. The development of fetal cardiac surgery is inextricably linked to extracorporeal circulation. We aimed to compare the effects of heart-stopping solutions and extracorporeal circulation on fetal sheep myocardium.MethodsEighteen pregnant sheep were divided into the non-stop group, St. Thomas stopping solution group, and histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate stopping solution group. The three groups underwent the extracorporeal circulation. The right atrial myocardial tissue was removed from the fetal sheep at specific time points, and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Creatine kinase‒muscle band (CKMB), troponin I (cTnI), and troponin T (cTnT) were measured as indicators of myocardial damage.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the serum cTnT, cTnI, and CKMB concentrations of fetal sheep among the three groups before starting extracorporeal circulation (P = 0.430, P = 0.391, P = 0.071). Changes in the serum cTnI (ng/L) concentrations were not significantly different among the three groups before and during the extracorporeal circulation (P > 0.05). The cTnI in the St. Thomas solution group at 1 hour post extracorporeal circulation was significantly higher than prior to it (P < 0.05), and cTnI in the non-stop group and histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate group after 2 hours was higher than in the pre-bypass value (P < 0.05). The cTnI in the histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate group at 1 and 2 hours after the extracorporeal circulation was lower than in the St. Thomas solution group. The number of TUNEL-positive cells in the two solution groups was higher than in the non-stop group (P = 0.001 and P = 0.048, respectively). The number of TUNEL-positive cells in the St. Thomas solution group was higher than in the histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate group (P = 0.007).ConclusionMyocardial protection in fetal sheep undergoing extracorporeal circulation was significantly better with non-stop beating than when the beating was stopped. Compared to the St. Thomas arrest solution, histidine‒tryptophan‒ketoglutarate stopping solution was associated with significantly reduced markers of myocardial damage in fetal sheep. Less cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed when the beating was not stopped.
Association Between Serum Lipid Profiles and Colorectal Adenoma in Chinese Population
Authors: Liu Boying , Wen Pingwu , Gu Xiaodong , Ruiqiang Weng , Liu Sudong
Published: December 2020

Background: Dyslipidemia may play an important role in the development of colorectal adenomas. This study aims to investigate the serum lipid profiles in patients with colorectal adenomas and determine correlation between dyslipidemia and colorectal adenomas.Methods: This retrospective case - control study included 2,960 patients with colorectal adenomas, and 1,263 participants with normal colonoscopy results served as controls. The serum levels of lipids were measured and comparison was made between patients and controls. The association between serum lipid levels, as well as other factors and colorectal adenoma was evaluated by multivariate regression logistic analysis.Results: The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apoliprotein B (ApoB) were significantly elevated in patients with colorectal adenomas compared with controls. The proportions of subjects with high LDL, high TC, high TG or multiple abnormality were significantly larger in adenoma group than the control group. Multivariate analysis suggested that serum levels of TC and TG were in significant associations with risk of both nonadvanced and advanced colorectal adenoma.Conclusions: Abnormal lipid profiles are associated with the risk of colorectal adenoma. Elevated serum TC and TG were correlated with the occurrence of adenoma, thus may serve as practical markers for classifying risk of colorectal adenoma.
Investigation of Structural, Electrical and Vibrational Properties of Bi1.98A0.02Fe4O9 (A= Ba, Ce) Multiferroic Ceramics
Authors: Sharma Poorva , Kumar Ashwini
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we report the synthesis, phase formation and basic characterization of polycrystalline Bi2Fe4O9, Bi1.98Ba0.02Fe4O9, and Bi1.98Ce0.02Fe4O9 sample prepared through sol-gel route. Crystal structure of the as prepared samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering spectroscopy. All the obtained XRD peaks could be indexed to orthorhombic Pbam structure and revealed the formation of Bi2Fe4O9. Raman spectrum identifies Ag, B2g and B3g active optical phonon modes. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles have been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dielectric constant (e') decreases with increase in frequency and it is constant at higher frequencies region and it can be explained on the basis of ionic conduction phenomenon in the low frequency region. The value of e' for all Bi2Fe4O9 based S1, S2, S3 and S4 samples are about 37, 75, 40 and 393, respectively at frequency 10 Hz. The observed properties signify that these materials are very useful in advanced technological and practical applications.
Spawning habits and embryonic development of the lampeye killifish Aplocheilichthys spilauchen in ex situ fresh-and-brackish water environments
Authors: Okyere Isaac , Obeng Juliet Afrah , Ayitey Samuel , Zee Jouke Rients Van der , Meeus Herman
Published: December 2020

Aside from ornamental uses of killifishes, there is growing interest in using killies for a multiplicity of purposes including baitfish and mosquito biocontrol. This experiment explored the spawning habits and embryonic development of the banded lampeye, Aplocheilichthys spilauchen in ex situ freshwater (0.04 ‰) and brackish water (5.01 ‰) to ascertaining the captive breeding prospects for mosquito control in areas where they occur. Significantly higher number of eggs were laid in the brackish water than the freshwater (ꭓ2 = 1613.0, P < 0.05), and black mop was the most preferred spawning substrate, followed by green, blue and white mops. Microscopic monitoring of embryos revealed that cleavage occurred within the first 30 minutes after fertilisation, organogenesis commenced in averagely the 25th hour, and hatching in approximately 230 hours. Although certain embryonic developmental stages occurred faster in the freshwater than brackish water and freshwater eggs were relatively bigger than brackish water eggs, these differences were overall not significant and had no effects on the development and hatching. The observed outcome that A. spilauchen can be optimally propagated with black mops in brackish water offers a significant step in its use for the mosquito biocontrol programme, as well as other potential uses not yet explored.
Addressing the interaction between food insecurity, depression risk and informal work: findings of a cross-sectional survey among informal women workers with young children in South Africa.
Authors: Horwood Christiane , Haskins Lyn , Hinton Rachael , Connolly Catherine , Luthuli Silondile , Rollins Nigel
Published: December 2020

Background: There is a high burden of depression globally, including in South Africa. Maternal depression is associated with poverty, unstable income, food insecurity, and lack of partner support, and may lead to poor outcomes for mothers and children. In South Africa one-third of working women are in informal work, which is associated with socioeconomic vulnerability.Methods: A cross sectional survey explored work setting and conditions, food security and risk of depression among informal working women with young children (0-3years). Depression risk was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score (EPDS) and Whooley score. Food insecurity was evaluated using Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Data was analysed using SPSS and Stata. Results: Interviews were conducted with 265 informal women workers. Types of work included domestic work, home-based work, informal employees and own account workers, most of whom were informal traders. Most participants (149/265; 56.2%) earned between US$70-200 per month, but some participants (79/265; 29.8%) earned less than US$70 per month, and few earned >US$200 per month (37/265; 14.0%).Many participants experienced mild (38/267; 14.3%), moderate (72/265; 27.2%) or severe (43/265; 16%) food insecurity. Severe food insecurity was significantly higher among participants with the lowest income compared to those with the highest income (p= 0.027). Women who received financial support from the baby’s father were less likely to be food insecure (p=0.03).Using EPDS scores, 22/265 (8.3%) women were designated as being at risk of depression. This was similar among postnatal women and women with older children. Household food insecurity was significantly associated with depression risk (p<0.001).Conclusions: Informal women workers were shown to be vulnerable with low incomes and high rates of food insecurity, thus increasing the risk for poor maternal health. However, levels of depression risk were low compared to previous estimates in South Africa, suggesting that informal workers may have high levels of resilience. Interventions to improve social protection, access to health services, and support for safe childcare in the workplace could improve the health and wellbeing of these mothers and support them to care for their children.
Which is the most cost-effective strategy for nasal screening and Staphylococcus aureus decolonization in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Tonotsuka Hisahiro , Sugiyama Hajime , Amagami Ayano , Yonemoto Keigo , Sato Ryuichi , Saito Mitsuru
Published: December 2020

Background: To reduce periprosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty (THA), several nasal screening and decolonization strategies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) have been performed. These include universal decolonization (UD; i.e., no screening and decolonization for all patients), universal screening and target decolonization (US; i.e., screening for all patients and decolonization for bacterial positive patients), and target screening and decolonization (TS; i.e., screening and decolonization for high-risk populations only). Although TS is the most cost-effective strategy, useful risk factors must be identified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of predictive factors that enable the TS strategy to be successfully implemented and to compare the costs of each strategy.Methods: A total of 1654 patients scheduled for primary or revision THA (1464 females, 190 males; mean age 64 years) were screened prior to surgery for bacterial colonization of the nasal mucosa. Risk factors for positive MRSA and S. aureus (including both MRSA and MSSA) tests were analyzed according to the following parameters: sex, age ≥80 years, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, antibiotic use within 3 years, corticosteroid use, serum albumin <3.5 g/dL, glomerular filtration rate <50 mL/min, presence of brain, thyroid, cardiac or pulmonary disease, diabetes, asthma, smoking status, and whether revision surgery was performed. The average cost of each strategy was calculated.Results: In total, 29 patients (1.8%) tested positive for MRSA and 445 (26.9%) tested positive for S. aureus. No parameters were identified as independent risk factors for MRSA and only female sex was identified as a risk factor for S. aureus (p=0.003; odds ratio: 1.790; 95% confidence interval: 1.210-2.640). The average cost of each strategy was 1928.3 yen for UD, 717.6 yen for US, and 717.6 yen for TS (for eradicating MRSA), and 1928.3 yen for UD, 1201.6 yen for US, and 1160.4 yen for TS (for eradicating S. aureus).Conclusions: No useful predictive parameters for implementing the TS strategy were identified. Based on cost implications, US is the most cost-effective strategy for THA patients.
Effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula during exercise training in subjects with chronic respiratory failure
Authors: Chihara Yuichi , Tsuboi Tomomasa , Sumi Kensuke , Sato Atsuo
Published: December 2020

Backgrounds: There are no clinical data comparing the effect of exercise training using high fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) in combination with high flow through a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) with that of ordinary supplemental oxygen on exercise capacity in subjects with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) receiving long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 4 weeks of exercise training using high FIO2 in combination with high flow through an HFNC or supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula on the 6-min walking distance of patients with CRF receiving LTOT.Methods: In this randomized study, 32 patients with CRF due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, or bronchiectasis receiving LTOT were assigned to undergo 4 weeks of exercise training on a cycle ergometer using an HFNC (flow: 50 L/min) with a FIO2 of 1.0 (HFNC group; n=16) or ordinary supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula (flow: 6 L/min) (oxygen group; n=16). Before and after 4 weeks of exercise training, a 6-min walking test, constant-load test, and blood sampling were performed.Results: Prior to exercise training, the endurance time of the constant-load exercise test using an HFNC was significantly longer than that reported with prescribed oxygen in daily LTOT (p=0.004) or a 6 L/min nasal cannula (p=0.0003). Following 4 weeks of exercise training, change in the 6-min walking distance was significantly greater in the HFNC versus the oxygen group (55.2±69.6 m vs. —0.5±87.3 m, respectively; p=0.04). The plasma levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and serum C-reactive protein were significantly decreased only in the HFNC group, after 4 weeks of exercise training.Conclusions: Despite heterogeneity in the effect among patients, exercise training using high FIO2 in combination with high flow through an HFNC is a potentially superior exercise training modality for CRF patients receiving LTOT.Clinical Trial Registration ― http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier:　NCT02804243. Registered 13 June 2016.
Possible Therapeutic Interventions in COVID-19 Induced ARDS by Cotinine as an ACE-2 Promoter and AT-1R Blocker
Authors: Sharma Tarun , Mehan Sidharth
Published: December 2020

In these challenging times of the pandemic, as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has taken over the planet,
its complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have the potential to wipe out a large portion of our
population. Whereas a serious lack of ventilators, vaccine being months away makes the condition even worse. That's why
promising drug therapy is required. One of them was suggested in this article. It is the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2
(ACE-2) to which the COVID-19 virus binds and upon downregulation of which the pulmonary permeability increases and
results in the filling of alveoli by proteinaceous fluids, which finally results in ARDS. ARDS can be assisted by angiotensinII type-1 receptor (AT-1R) blocker and ACE-2 upregulator. AT-1R blocker will prevent vasoconstriction, the proinflammatory effect seen otherwise upon its activation. ACE-2 upregulation will ensure less formation of angiotensin II,
vasodilatory effects due to the formation of angiotensin (1-7), increased breakdown of bradykinin at lung level. Overall,
decreased vasoconstriction of vessels supplying lungs and decreased vasodilation of lung tissues will ensure decreased
pulmonary permeability and eventually relieve ARDS. It should also be considered that all components of the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are located in the lung tissues. A drug with the least plasma protein binding is
required to ensure its distribution across these lung tissues. Cotinine appears to be a promising candidate for COVID-19-
induced ARDS. It acts across the board and acts as both an AT-1R blocker, ACE-2 upregulator. It also has a weak plasma
protein binding that helps to spread through the lung tissues. In this review, we summarized that cotinine, along with
COVID-19 virus replication blocker anti-virals, may prove to be a promising therapy for the treatment of COVID-19
induced ARDS.
Sexual Choice in Males of the Triatoma brasiliensis Complex: A Matter of Maintenance of the Species or Genetic Variability?
Authors: Antunes Cauan , Dias Letícia P. , de Almeida Guimarães Gabriel , Oliveira Jader , Aristeu da Rosa João , Almeida Carlos E. , Lopes Catarina M. , M. Gonçalves Teresa C. , Costa Jane
Published: December 2020

Background:

Members of the Triatoma brasiliensis complex can produce experimental and natural hybrids. Crossing experiments performed in the laboratory, with several combinations between species of that complex, revealed a gradient of reproductive affinities among them. However, little is known about the reproductive males’ choices when they have the possibility of copulating with females of different species, including interspecific and conspecific females, at the same time. In this unprecedented experiment, the sexual choices of the T. brasiliensis complex and Triatoma infestans males were observed.

Methods:

Virgin males and females of T. b. brasiliensis, T. sherlocki, and T. infestans, and females of T. juazeirensis were used. The experiment was developed in an arena in which one male, one conspecific female, and two non-conspecific females were observed for 15 minutes. The following variables of mating behavior were observed: the male’s choice for a female; displacement time (the time it took the male to move from its stall until it reached the female); the copula itself (number of attempts and its occurrence); and the type of rejection of copula by the female.

Results:

Males of T. sherlocki were faster in finding the females (conspecific and non-conspecific) than T. b. brasiliensis and T. infestans. Males of T. b. brasiliensis and T. sherlocki were able to copulate with conspecific females and other female species: T. infestans and T. b. brasiliensis/T. juazeirensis, respectively. While T. infestans copulated with conspecific females, and T. juazeirensis and T. b. brasiliensis females.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the choice for the copula is not always towards conspecific females. In fact, the males of the three different species tested were able to copulate with their conspecific females and also with other female species, which may induce the formation of hybrids and greater genetic diversity. These findings pose new challenges to the understanding of the reproductive behavior and the evolutionary aspects of the Triatominae. Therefore, in areas of sympatry, if no ecological barriers exist, there is the possibility of natural hybridization, which might reflect in the epidemiological risks since the species studied occur in endemic areas for the Chagas disease.
An Interactive Text Message Survey as a Novel Assessment for Bedtime Routines in Public Health Research: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kitsaras George , Goodwin Michaela , Allan Julia , Kelly Michael , Pretty Iain
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Traditional research approaches, especially questionnaires and paper-based assessments, limit in-depth understanding of the fluid dynamic processes associated with child well-being and development. This includes bedtime routine activities such as toothbrushing and reading a book before bed. The increase in innovative digital technologies alongside greater use and familiarity among the public creates unique opportunities to use these technical developments in research.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) examine the best way of assessing bedtime routines in families and develop an automated, interactive, text message survey assessment delivered directly to participants’ mobile phones and (2) test the assessment within a predominately deprived sociodemographic sample to explore retention, uptake, feedback, and effectiveness.

METHODS

A public and patient involvement project showed clear preference for interactive text surveys regarding bedtime routines. The developed interactive text survey included questions on bedtime routine activities and was delivered for seven consecutive nights to participating parents’ mobile phones. A total of 200 parents participated. Apart from the completion of the text survey, feedback was provided by participants, and data on response, completion, and retention rates were captured.

RESULTS

There was a high retention rate (185/200, 92.5%), and the response rate was high (160/185, 86.5%). In total, 114 participants provided anonymized feedback. Only a small percentage (5/114, 4.4%) of participants reported problems associated with completing the assessment. The majority (99/114, 86.8%) of participants enjoyed their participation in the study, with an average satisfaction score of 4.6 out of 5.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated the potential of deploying SMS text message–based surveys to capture and quantify real-time information on recurrent dynamic processes in public health research. Changes and adaptations based on recommendations are crucial next steps in further exploring the diagnostic and potential intervention properties of text survey and text messaging approaches.
Digital Technology Use and BMI: Evidence From a Cross-sectional Analysis of an Adolescent Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Shen Chen , Dumontheil Iroise , Thomas Michael , Röösli Martin , Elliott Paul , Toledano Mireille
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

The use of digital technology such as mobile phones is ubiquitous in adolescents. However, excessive use may have adverse health effects, possibly partially mediated by disruptions to sleep.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the social predictors of digital technology use and their cross-sectional association with BMI z scores and being overweight in a large sample of adolescents.

METHODS

We used baseline data from a subset of a large adolescent cohort from 39 schools across Greater London who participated in the Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones (n=1473). Digital technology use included phone calls, internet use on mobile phones, and video gaming on any device. Multilevel regression was used to assess the associations between digital technology use and age-specific and sex-specific BMI z scores and being overweight (including obesity). Measurements were derived from height and weight, obtained by the Tanita BC-418 Body Composition Analyzer. We examined whether these associations were mediated by insufficient sleep.

RESULTS

Generally, participants with lower socioeconomic status reported more use of digital technology. Controlling for socioeconomic status, internet use on mobile phones for more than 3 hours per day was associated with higher BMI z scores (adjusted β=.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.48) and greater odds of being overweight (adjusted odds ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.09-2.34), compared with low use (≤30 minutes). Similar associations were found between video gaming and BMI z scores and being overweight. The BMI z score was more strongly related to weekday digital technology use (internet use on mobile phones and video gaming) than weekend use. Insufficient sleep partly mediated the associations between digital technology use and BMI z scores (proportion of mediation from 8.6% to 17.8%) by an indirect effect.

CONCLUSIONS

We found an association between digital technology use and BMI in adolescents, partly mediated by insufficient sleep, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms may be multifactorial. Further research with longitudinal data is essential to explore the direction of the relationships.
Authors’ Reply to: And Justice for All? There Is More to the Interoperability of Contact Tracing Apps Than Legal Barriers. Comment on “COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: A Technologic Tower of Babel and the Gap for International Pandemic Control” (Preprint)
Authors: Du Li , Raposo Vera Lúcia , Wang Meng
Published: December 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
Роль образовательных проектов в деятельности современной высоко­технологичной компании
Authors: Род И.А.
Published: December 2020

ООО "МАППЕР" было основано как дочернее предприятие голландской компании MapperLithography. В 2012 году были приняты на работу 10 инженеров-технологов, выпускников российских вузов, которые провели шесть месяцев в Голландии с целью обучения работе с высокотехнологичным оборудованием и получения навыков в разработке технологических процессов для производства МЭМС-элементов. Некоторые сотрудники еще до момента их трудоустройства в ООО "МАППЕР" обладали опытом многолетней работы в Европе и Америке. Производство ООО "МАППЕР" было запущено в 2014 году. С тех пор фабрика МЭМС-приборов непрерывно работает, поставляя продукцию своим заказчикам. Параллельно с производственной деятельностью компания интенсивно развивает программы стажировок и принимает студентов техникумов и вузов на производственную практику. О том, насколько необходима эта деятельность
высокотехнологичной компании в наше время, а также о результатах развития образовательных программ внутри компании, мы сегодня поговорим с директором по производству ООО "МАППЕР" Род Ириной Андреевной.

MAPPER LLC was founded as a subsidiary of the Dutch company MapperLithography. In 2012, 10 process engineers were hired, graduates of Russian universities, who spent 6 months in Holland to learn how to work with high-tech equipment and acquire skills in developing technological processes for the production of MEMS elements. Some of the employees had many years of experience in Europe and America even before their employment at MAPPER LLC. The production of MAPPER LLC was launched in 2014. Since then, the MEMS foundry has been continuously operating and supplying products to its customers. Simultaneously with production activities, the company is intensively developing internship programs and accepting students of technical schools and universities for practical training. Today we present an interview with Rod Irina Andreevna, Manufacturing Director of MAPPER LLC, dedicated to the discussion of the role of the educational programs in the high-tech company's activities, as well as results of the internship implementation.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES FOR CREATION INNOVATION CENTERS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, MISHINA ZOYA
Published: December 2020

Timely conducting of all types of maintenance and routine repairs is possible only in the conditions of an innovative service center, equipped with the necessary equipment and having a complex of facilities to ensure favorable conditions for technical service. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in identifying opportunities for updating the technical service system in the agro-industrial complex by creating innovative service centers to ensure highly efficient operation of agricultural machinery and equipment. (Materials and methods) The system of maintenance in agriculture is characterized by a significant decrease in efficiency due to physical and moral wear of equipment of repair and technical enterprises, low level and insufficient qualification of personnel and managers of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. The availability of existing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex with production areas is no more than 50 percent, technological equipment is no more than 47 percent, and technological equipment and equipment for jobs are 15 and 40 percent. (Results and discussion) The modernization of the infrastructure of technical service of agricultural machinery is aimed at updating the technological base of machine repair. Repair and technical enterprises do not have the necessary equipment to perform a number of maintenance and routine repairs. The process of developing technical service infrastructure is significantly behind the level of structural and technological complexity of agricultural machinery. Due to technological requirements, complex components and assemblies, such as engines, hydraulic equipment, fuel pumps of domestic and imported agricultural machinery should not be repaired in the conditions of farms. (Conclusions) The high technological level of innovative technical service centers serves as a condition for efficient operation of production, ensuring its stability and reliability of operation, flexibility and adaptability, high intensity and waste-free operation.
METHODS AND RESULTS OF MICROMETER STUDIES OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM SEALING UNITS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Authors:   National research Ogarev Mordovia State University Saransk, BEREZIN MIKHAIL
Published: December 2020

End-type sealing units based on round-section rubber rings are the most common types of seals for volumetric hydraulic drive units of various agricultural machinery. Its service life depends on the correspondence of the geometric dimensions of the elements that make them up, as well as on the combination of limit deviations of the specified elements. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying deviations and identifying statistical distribution of the cross-section diameters of new rings and the depth of grooves under them in order to determine the number of connections that meet the requirements of the standard. (Materials and methods) Author examined the sealing joints of the oil pipeline and the valve cover of the hydraulic distributor of the MTZ 80/82 tractor and new rubber rings that are part of repair kits intended for repair. Micrometric studies were performed using the GM-50 micrometer depth gauge and the TN 1060T thickness gauge. (Results and discussion) About 90 percent of the examined compounds do not meet the requirements of the standard, which explains to a large extent the low level of their reliability. At the same time, a significantly higher level of inconsistencies is in the metal parts of these connections. The vast majority of nonconforming joints have a combination of ring and groove sizes, which provides increased initial compression deformation of the ring in the groove. (Conclusions) Inconsistencies in the dimensions of the groove and the cross-section of the ring, which lead to an increase in the initial compression deformation of the seal, and thus the initial contact stresses, cause a certain increase in the theoretical life of the connection. To predict the connection reliability more accurate, it is necessary to study the influence on leaks not only of the geometric dimensions of the mating elements, but also other factors: surface roughness, as well as the actual operating temperature of the node and the aggressiveness of the hydraulic working fluid.
УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РЕМОНТА ЭЛЕКТРОГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКИХ ФОРСУНОК АВТОТРАКТОРНЫХ ДИЗЕЛЕЙ
Authors:   Penza State Agricultural University, TIMOKHIN SERGEY , BOGATYREV PAVEL , GALIN DMITRIY ,   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: December 2020

The actual service life of electrohydraulic injectors of automotive diesel engines with a high-pressure battery system of the Common Rail type in operation is significantly lower than the claimed one, and its restoration by repair is relevant from a technical and economic point of view. One of the most wearable elements of electrohydraulic injectors is the contact surface of the ball valve seat. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing an improved technology for repairing electro-hydraulic injectors of automotive diesel engines with a vibration-rivet of the contact surface of the ball valve seat. (Materials and methods) The article presents the carried out theoretical substantiation of the process of vibration riveting of the ball valve seat of electrohydraulic injectors and its laboratory and bench studies using serial stands for testing electrohydraulic injectors, checking their elements and restoring the seat geometry by lapping, an electronic digital microscope. (Results and discussion) Authors confirmed the working hypothesis about the possibility of forming the ring contact surface of the ball valve of electrohydraulic injectors reinforced with a vibration riveting by creating certain hydraulic and electrical modes of its operation during the required time. For the model 0445110376 electrohydraulic injectors of the Cummins ISF 2.8 diesel engine, the total area of the hardened surface of the regular ring shape was 0.07 square millimeters, and the depth was about 0.003 millimeters with a process time of 45 minutes. The parameters of the experimental electrohydraulic injectors met the requirements of the test plan, and they are currently successfully undergoing operational tests. (Conclusions) The use of a valve seat vibration rivet will increase the life of repaired injectors at a low cost for its implementation.
Forensic studies with human analogues: evaluation of decomposition and the use of residual odor detection dogs
Authors:   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Rojas Guevara Jorge Ulises , Prada Tiedemann Paola Andrea ,   Texas Tech University, Titus Katherine C. ,   Texas Tech University, Córdoba Parra Juan David ,   Universidad de la Salle, Bohórquez Gabriel Antonio ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia
Published: December 2020

This book is the product of the research group “Sniffing Knowledge” which belongs to the School for Canine Guidance and Training of the National Police of Colombia, in collaboration with the Institute of Forensic Sciences of the Texas Technological University (TTU). Chapter 1 includes experiments with human analogues (Sus Scrofa) detectable by canine teams, evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of the findings at sites where a corpse was found by means of a double blind test. The test is carried out in order to determine the existence of residual odor. It also validates the response of the dog and itshandler using unmanned aerial devices and uses dogs who were certified with human bone remains. Chapter 2 analyzes the effects of the external envelope of pigs against the rate of decomposition in order to understand, in real practice when a body is discovered at a crime scene, if such information is crucial for criminal investigators to be able to establish the Post Mortem Interval (IPM). The academic and experimental approach analyzes tangent efforts to present possible solutions to corpse inspection procedures or the possible sites associated with the events in which a person might die. To conclude, it articulates different fields of knowledge within the forensic sciences applied with canines, allowing high reliability for the subsequent approach in real operational work of missing persons or in cases of homicide in order to have an impact on the crimes that affect coexistence and citizen security in Colombia.
Liderazgo transformacional: una aproximación al quehacer del docente policial
Authors:   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Molina Garzón Alba Luz
Published: December 2020

La disertación que refiere este libro, da cuenta del propósito de identificar el estilo de liderazgo de los docentes en la perspectiva del liderazgo transformacional, a partir de la percepción de los estudiantes y de la autoevaluación de los docentes, en la Escuela de Postgrados de Policía “Miguel Antonio Lleras Pizarro”. Dado el método de investigación con un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño no experimental de alcance descriptivo determinado como estudio de caso, se utilizó el Cuestionario Multifactorial de Liderazgo MLQ-5X, para caracterizar el liderazgo transformacional, orientado a inspirar, promover el cambio y el compromiso con metas comunes. Para ello, fue necesario el autoreporte de docentes y su caracterización por los estudiantes, así mismo la autocalificación de oficiales como formadores. Los resultados indican que la motivación inspiracional y la influencia desde la conducta, son los atributos más frecuentes de liderazgo transformacional y el refuerzo contingente como atributo de liderazgo transaccional están presentes en la mayoría de los docentes caracterizados, evidenciando semejanzas en el estilo de liderazgo entre el grupo de docentes y oficiales formadores. En efecto, el análisis fundamentado teóricamente, la representatividad y validez de la información proporcionada, contribuyen a emprender acciones para fortalecer las potencialidades de los docentes policiales.
Comportamiento ético policial de egresados de la Escuela de Policía Simón Bolívar
Authors:   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Salazar Fernández Marisol , Corredor Pinzón Nancy Eliana ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Mejía Ulloa Sandra Elvira ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Quintero García Nelson Fernando ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia
Published: December 2020

En la Escuela de Policía Simón Bolívar se llevó a cabo un estudio con el objetivo principal de analizar el comportamiento ético policial, determinando la escala de valores de un grupo de egresados durante los años 2013 al 2016 y su incidencia en la toma de decisiones y el desempeño laboral. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación de tipo no experimental - descriptivo relacional con un diseño transversal, mixto. Los resultados se obtienen a través de la aplicación de la Escala de Valores y Antivalores Valanti y grupos focales con los egresados. Al contrastar los resultados obtenidos, se evidenció que guarda una estrecha relación entre los valores que vivencian los policías y las dificultades que expresan para su satisfacción laboral y personal con el ejercicio profesional. Dejando como conclusión que los patrulleros tienden a desestimar estos aspectos éticos y de toma de decisiones efectivas, evidenciándose en el comportamiento que asumen frente a su trabajo; los uniformados coincidieron al manifestar que la motivación principal para hacer parte de la policía, es la opción de un empleo y poder contar con una estabilidad laboral.
Mālpils draudzes mācītāja Oto Roberta fon Klota (1808–1876) sprediķis latviešu valodā 1851. gadā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Paegle Dzintra , Vanags Pēteris
Published: December 2020

Rakstā pievērsta uzmanība Latvijas Valsts vēstures arhīvā atrastā Mālpils draudzes mācītāja Oto Roberta fon Klota (1808–1876) rokraksta saturam, sprediķa ortogrāfijai un valodai. Rokraksta ortogrāfija un valoda kopumā atbilst 19. gs. vidus tradīcijai. Sprediķa valodā atrodamas arī dažas vecas, tagad nelietotas latviešu valodas formas, kā arī citas raksturīgas iezīmes. Autora latviešu valodā redzamas arī vairākas viņa dzimtās vācu valodas pēdas.
Latviešu personvārdi ar izskaņām -it un -ull 17. gadsimtā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Siliņa-Piņķe Renāte
Published: December 2020

Raksta mērķis ir izpētīt izskaņu -it un -ull funkciju latviešu antroponīmos 17. gs. Personvārdu avots ir 1638. gada zviedru arklu revīzija, kurā 13 personu desmit vārdi beidzas ar -it(t), -its, -itz un 12 personu seši vārdi beidzas ar -ull vai -uls. Vārdi tiek salīdzināti ar G. Manceļa vārdnīcas „Lettus“ (1638) un G. F. Stendera „Lettisches Lexikon“ (1789) personvārdu materiālu. Izskaņu atšķirīgais un daudzveidīgais lietojums neļauj iezīmēt kopīgas tendences: formants -ull saistāms gan ar adaptācijas procesiem, gan ar latviešu piedēkļa lietojumu, savukārt -it ir lietots tikai kā latviešu piedēklis -īt-, pārsvarā deminutīvā funkcijā.
“Vai viņa daļa dzīvo manī?” Smokija Mo dziesmas “Kas ir radītājs” interpretācija popkultūras un reliģijas studiju kontekstā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Andrejevs Ņikita
Published: December 2020

The Russian hip hop artist Smoki Mo has frequently referenced religious and spiritual topics in his lyrics. The composition “Who is the creator” discusses the positive and negative replies to this question. The lyrics are interpreted as a popular culture text with the aim to discover how popular culture texts can function as religious ones and how popular culture can function as religion. The article employs a functional definition of religion to explore how the studied text discusses existential questions and struggle with identity that religion also is concerned with. The popular culture itself is understood in the article as the meaning and value that people ascribe to mass culture products, such as popular music, in their everyday lives. The article also summarizes the possible issues with reading popular culture texts as religious ones to avoid misinterpretation due to researcher’s indebtedness to traditional religious definitions or to scholarly traditions of interpretation. The article also employs the notion of spirituality to connect the ideas expressed in Smoki Mo’s lyrics to a relevant ideological framework. The understanding of the “creator”, “God” and other theological notions in the lyrics is closely related to the broad features of modern spirituality that include the focus on the individual self and universal statements rather than particular religious traditions. In this way, the studied composition in itself is an expression of modern spirituality dealing with existential questions.