bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of predictors of mortality at the stage of providing trauma care for fractures of the proximal femur in people 50 years of age and older
Authors: Rodionova S. S. , Seropolov P. S. , Torgashin A. N.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: In Russia, according to official statistics, a high level of conservative treatment of fractures of the proximal femur remains, especially in older age groups. In this regard, assessing the effects of predictors of mortality at the stage of providing trauma care to such patients remains relevant. Тhere is ongoing debate regarding the timing of the effect of surgical treatment on mortality associated with the fracture event itself.

AIM: To assess the effect on mortality of hip fractures in people 50 years of age and older of the type of treatment (operative or conservative) and the duration of the preoperative period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study with a prospective component was conducted on fractures of the proximal femur that occurred from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 in people over 50 years of age living in the urban district of Armavir. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze mortality.

RESULTS: Significantly longer survival after surgical treatment compared with conservative treatment was due to lower patient mortality in the interval up to 240 days (Breslow criterion (Generalized Wilcoxon, p<0.007) from the moment of injury Mortality by this period was, respectively, 11.7% versus 32.7%, the average mortality per day per 1000 patients is 0.489 among those operated on and 1.37 among those not operated on. In groups stratified by age and Charlson index, significant differences were noted only for persons 80 years of age and older. A delay in surgical intervention of more than 72 hours significantly increased mortality (Pearson chi-square test, log-rank test, p=0.012.

CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment performed within 72 hours of the hip fracture reduces or minimizes the risk of death associated directly with the fracture event itself, including in persons over 80 years of age. The effect of surgical intervention on mortality is maximally manifested in the time interval of 6-8 months after the fracture.
Immunological and humoral factors in rheumatoid arthritis: the association with bone mineral density
Authors: Dobrovolskaya O. V. , Demin N. V. , Kozyreva M. V. , Samarkina E. Yu. , Toroptsova N. V.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Different cytokines could affect bone tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). For formulation clinically significant conclusions about cytokines role in status of bone tissue in RA patients, actual studies are needed to obtain more data.

AIM: To study the association of bone mineral density (BMD) with immunological and humoral factors in postmenopausal RA women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 73 postmenopausal women with RA (median age 63.0 [56.0; 67.0] years). A clinical and laboratory examination was performed including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess BMD of the lumbar spine (L1–L4), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH), level measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), myostatin, follistatin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptors, insulin-like growth factor 1, adiponectin, leptin, fibroblast growth factor 23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) SF12.

RESULTS: Persons with osteoporosis (OP) have higher levels of adiponectin (p=0.002), TNF SF12 (p=0.015) and IL-6 receptors (p=0.014) compared to those without OP. L1–L4, FN and TH BMD positively correlated with leptin and IL-6; negative correlation was found between L1–L4 BMD and adiponectin, FN BMD and follistatin, TH BMD and TNF SF12 (p<0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed significant associations between L1–L4 BMD and PTH (β= -0.22), adiponectin (β=-0.36) and leptin (β=0.35); FN BMD with CRP (β=-0.23), ACCP (β=-0.21), PTH (β=-0.35), IL-6 (β=0.37) and leptin (β=0.32); TH BMD with CRP (β=-0.22), AСCP (β=-0.24), PTH (β=-0.30), adiponectin (β=-0.28) and leptin (β=0.42).

CONCLUSION: The conducted study showed that BMD in L1-L4, FN and TH is associated with the level of CRP, ACCP, PTH, adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 in postmenopausal women with RA.
Investigating the Effect of Coaches Communication Skills on Socialization and Satisfaction of Students Participating in Football Leisure Classes
Authors: Zibaei Amir , Amin Azimkhani , Amir Esmaily
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was investigate the effect of coaches’ communication skills on socialization and satisfaction of students participating in football leisure classes. The research method was descriptive-correlational based on structural equation modelling. The Social Skills Questionnaire (Inderbitzen & Garbin, 1992), Communication Skill Questionnaire (Burton, 1990) and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Riemer & Chelladurai, 1998) were used to gathering data. The participants included all the students in the secondary school and football schools of district 7th of Mashhad (N=300). Sampling was done randomly based on 5 to 10 times the number of research items (n=159). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 and LISREL 8.80. Findings showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between communication skills of coaches with the social skills of students (p<0.05), and the components of communication skills have the ability to predict 31% of changes of social skills. Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between communication skills of coaches and student's satisfaction (p<0.05), and the components of communication skills were able to predict 27% of changes of satisfaction. Finally, the structural equation model showed a good correlation between communication skills of coaches, socialization skills and satisfaction of students participating in football leisure classes.
Examination Of Nomophobia, Internet Addiction And Loneliness Levels Of University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: ALTIN Mehmet , ÜZGÜ Mehmet Ali
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the nomophobia, internet addiction, and loneliness levels of university students. The study group of this cross-sectional study consisted of 966 university students who responded to the items digitally and manually. Personal information form, Young Internet Addiction Scale Short Form, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Nomophobia Scale were used as data collection tools. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis. It was found that students who used the internet for 5 hours or more had higher scores in nomophobia and loneliness. Additionally, male students had higher scores in nomophobia and internet addiction compared to female students. Sedentary students had higher scores in nomophobia and internet addiction compared to athletes. Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that sports have positive reflections on emotions and behaviors such as nomophobia, internet addiction, and loneliness. As the duration of internet use increases, emotions and behaviors such as addiction, anger, and loneliness negatively impact individuals' experiences.
Role of Common Canalicular Transporter Gene Variations in Aetiology of Idiopathic Gallstones in Childhood
Authors: Bronský J. , Jirsa Milan , Nevoral J. , Hřebíček M.
Published: September 2024

Variations in genes encoding canalicular transportes, for biliary lipids may affect concentrations of biliary lipids in bile and promote cholesterol crystallization and gallstone formation. In our study we investigated the contribution of heterozygosity for common variations considered either potentially pathogenic or susceptibility alleles for cholesterol cholelithiasis in adults (c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala) and c.1954A>G (p.Arg652Gly) in ABCB4, c.1331T>C (p.Val444Ala) in ABCB11 and c.55 G>C (p.Asp19His) in ABCG8) to the aetiology of paediatric idiopathic gallstone disease. Genotyping was performed in 35 paediatric subjects with idiopathic gallstones with positive family history for gallstones and 150 population controls. The ABCB4 variant p.Thr175Ala was found only in the controls, not in the patients. The frequency of the remaining three variant alleles and the corresponding genotypes did not differ between patients and controls. We conclude that the studied common variations in genes encoding canalicular transporters known to contribute to genetic predisposition to cholesterol gallstones in adulthood do not contribute specifically to the aetiology of paediatric idiopathic gallstones.
Cardiotoxic Injury Caused by Chronic Administration of Microcystin-YR
Authors: Šuput D. , Zorc-Pleskovič R. , Petrovič D. , Milutinović Aleksandra
Published: September 2024

Microcystins are cyclic peptide toxins. Chronic intoxication with well-known members of the microcystin family – microcystins-LR – induces liver tumour formation, injury of kidney and heart. Despite worldwide distribution in the environment, the effects of microcystins-YR have not been studied extensively. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether microcystins-YR, in relatively low doses, have a toxic effect on cardiomyocytes of chronically treated rats. Male adult Wistar rats were treated every second day for 8 months with microcystins-YR (10 µg/kg i.p., N = 5). Control groups were treated either with vehicle (ethanol and methanol 4 : 1 v/v; N = 5) or with physiologic saline (N = 4). The heart sections of microcystin-YR-treated rats revealed decreased volume density of cardiac muscle tissue (microcystins-YR = 0.485 mm3/mm3 ± 0.003; vehicle = 0.493 mm3/mm3 ± 0.002; saline = 0.492 mm3/mm3 ± 0.002) due to fibrous proliferation. A few lymphocyte infiltrates were observed. Most of cardiomyocytes were enlarged (microcystins-YR = 20.19 μm ± 1.34, vehicle = 17.45 μm ± 0.52, saline = 16.00 μm ± 1.43), with enlarged and often bizarre-shaped nuclei and decreased myofibril volume fraction (microcystinsYR = 0.416 mm3/mm3 ± 0.009; vehicle = 0.472 mm3/mm3 ± 0.009; saline = 0.479 mm3/mm3 ± 0.010). No TUNEL-positive cells were found in the heart sections of rats in all groups. The results allow the conclusion that chronic exposure to low doses of microcystins-YR may cause atrophy and fibrosis of the heart muscle.
Circulating Endothelial Precursor Cells (EPC) in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Haematopoietic Progenitor Cell Transplantation
Authors: Pytlík Robert , Kideryová L. , Benešová K. , Čechová H. , Veselá R. , Rychtrmocová H. , Trněný M.
Published: September 2024

We have studied the number of endothelial precursor cells in eighteen patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Endothelial precursor cells were evaluated by colonyforming assay and compared to healthy controls. Patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation had significantly lower numbers of endothelial precursor cells before the procedure than healthy controls. The numbers of endothelial precursor cells were even lower in the first year after the treatment and seemed to recover partially after twelve months, but even then, they were lower than in healthy volunteers. On the other hand, the number of circulating CD146+CD31+ mature endothelial cells were higher than in healthy controls after more than a one-year follow-up. We hypothesize that lower numbers of endothelial precursor cells and higher numbers of endothelial cells in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation reflect ongoing endothelial damage, probably caused by immunological mechanisms, and that this long-term damage may explain the higher risk of cardiovascular events in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant survivors.
Nitric oxide inhibitory potential of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. essential oil: An in silico and in vitro analysis
Authors: Gadnayak Ayushman , Nayak Ananya , Jena Sudipta , Sahoo Ambika , Panda Pratap Chandra , Ray Asit , Nayak Sanghamitra
Published: September 2024

The essential oil (EO) derived from Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. has gained significant interest in traditional medicine, specifically for its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory disorders. Our study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of C. angustifolia EO, investigate its anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells and explore potential nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors through in silico based studies. The essential oil obtained through hydro-distillation underwent analysis via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituents were identified as velleral (17.82 %), germacrone (12.91 %), cryptomerione (11.52 %), curzerene (5.66 %) and ?-elemene (4.09 %). The EO demonstrated non-toxicity up to a concentration of 50 µg/mL, maintaining over 70 % viability in RAW 264.7 cells. At a concentration of 25 µg/mL, treatment with C. angustifolia EO exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties, leading to a 66 % decrease in LPS-induced NO production. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) crystal structures were sourced from the RCSB database. Compounds identified through GC-MS analysis were retrieved from PubChem, docked by the molecular-docking process and tested for drug-likeness properties. The compounds such as velleral (-5.8 kcal/mol), germacrone (-5.4 kcal/mol), neocurdione (-5.2 kcal/mol) and ?-cadinene (-5.2 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest binding-affinity with iNOS. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) showed that the interaction of these 4 phyto-compounds was stable with the active site residues. Important bonds identified in the initial ligand-docked compounds persisted unaltered throughout the MDS. The present work with in vitro and in silico studies revealed that C. angustifolia EO could be a potential anti-inflammatory agent, thus necessitating further in vivo studies to develop promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammation.
Evaluation of the efficacy of some organic substances to induce resistance in cucumber against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp.
Authors: K. Al_Gharawi Haneen , T. A. Yaas Saad
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of certain biofertilizers on some growth parameters, total chlorophyll content and the concentrations of enzymes phenylalanine amino-lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POX) pre and post infestation of cucumber with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The results demonstrate that supplementing substances before or after nematode infection resulted in enhanced growth parameters of cucumbers, including shoot growth, fresh and dry weight of root, total chlorophyll content and the concentrations of the enzymes PAL and POX, with significant differences compared to non-infected plants. Among those that showed a positive effect were ascorbic acid, K2HPO4, liquid earthworms, crushed fertilizer and compost. Among the test biofertilizers evaluated, the liquid vermicompost proved to be the standout performer compared to the other treatments, demonstrating the most substantial growth improvements such as the highest increase in both shoot fresh weight (44.67 g per plant) and dry weight (5.93 g per plant). Additionally, this treatment resulted in a remarkable 83.00 % increase in total chlorophyll content and a significant increase in PAL and POX enzyme activity (18.25 and 25.29 IU g-1 respectively).
Genetic transformation of maize (Zea mays L.) using scutellar tissue of immature embryo mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Authors: N Malini  , Selladurai Hari Ramakrishnan , C R Ananadakumar
Published: September 2024

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation emerges as a more promising avenue than the biolistic approach for genetically transforming maize plants. Within our transformation endeavours, we harnessed Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA 105, equipped with the p CAMBIA 1305.1 plant transformation vector. This dynamic combination served as the driving force behind the alteration of both mature seed-derived calli and immature embryo explants. When considering the performance of these explants, immature embryos exhibited superior characteristics and were therefore favoured as the primary target material for transformation. This preference was underscored by their ability to yield plantlets with a remarkable transformation frequency of 24-30 % within the COH(M) 5 maize variety. Critical parameters were uncovered to heighten the success of the transformation process. Notably, collecting immature embryos at the 10-12 days after pollination (DAP) stage, boasting a size of 0.8 - 1.5 mm and subsequently inoculating them after 2 days of Agrobacterium tumefaciens cultivation (with an optical density of 1.0 at 600 nm) emerged as pivotal factors that significantly elevated the transient GUS expression rate. The art of cocultivation was found to be optimally executed through the immersion of explants within the bacterial suspension, while the subsequent washing step utilizing sterile distilled water infused with 150 mg L-1 of cefotaxime and 250 mg L-1 of carbenicillin yielded the most favourable outcomes in terms of transient GUS expression for the COH(M) 5 maize variety, surpassing alternative methods. Moreover, the application of cefotaxime up to 150 mg L-1 and carbenicillin up to 250 mg L-1 proved instrumental in securing the highest frequency of regeneration, underscoring their optimal range. Similarly, when considering the selection agent hygromycin, concentrations of up to 30 mg L-1 surfaced as the ideal range, fostering not only maximum regeneration but also a higher count of shoot formations.
Tagging of Yellow Mosaic Virus resistance gene using SSR markers in Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)
Authors: R Latha  , L Lakshmi Lavanya  , D Shoba  , M Arumugam Pillai  , S Kanchana Rani  , K Eraivan Arutkani Iyyanathan  , K Kavitha
Published: September 2024

Black gram is one of the most important pulse crops grown in India. The productivity of black gram is very low as it is cultivated in marginal lands with less care. Yellow mosaic virus disease in black gram is a serious concern as the yield reduction varies from 30 -100%. Breeding and cultivation of resistant varieties is the potential option to minimize yield reduction. However, the breakdown of resistance due to the evolution of new pathotypes in resistant varieties through conventional breeding leads to the adopting of biotechnological tools such as marker-assisted breeding. Identifying molecular markers linked with YMV resistance paved the way for changing black gram varieties with durable resistance. In the present study, 72 RILs developed by crossing the black gram lines ADT 3 and KKM 15052 as susceptible and resistant parents were used as mapping populations to tag YMV resistance with SSR markers. Among the 72 RILs screened for YMV resistance, 7 RILs (1,2,14,39,55,66 and 67) were resistant to YMV. Of 69 SSR markers, 14 were polymorphic between ADT 3 and KKM 15052. Single-marker analysis showed a significant association of the VR 086, VR 148 and CEDG 186 markers with YMV resistance. Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) confirmed that the SSR markers VR 046 and VR 148 are linked with the genes conferring resistance to YMV in KKB 15052.
Drought monitoring over the Indian state of Tamil Nadu using multitudinous standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index
Authors: Janarth S  , Jagadeeswaran R  , Pazhanivelan S  , Balaji Kannan  , Ragunath K P  , Sathiyamoorthy N K
Published: September 2024

Droughts significantly impact agriculture and water resources in Tamil Nadu, India, making precise monitoring essential for effective response and mitigation. Traditional drought indices, like the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), rely solely on precipitation data and may overlook other critical factors. The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) addresses this by incorporating temperature and precipitation data, offering a more comprehensive assessment of drought conditions, especially under changing climate scenarios. This study utilized daily temperature and precipitation records from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) project, covering 1991 to 2024. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) was calculated using the Thornthwaite method, and the water balance was derived by aggregating monthly precipitation and PET data, which was then fitted to a log-logistic probability distribution (1). SPEI values were standardized to create a drought severity index, validated through comparisons with SPI and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from MODIS data. Temporal analysis revealed significant year-to-year variability in drought conditions, with 2021 experiencing the most severe drought. The extreme droughts of 2019, 2020 and 2021 highlighted the need for adaptive drought management strategies due to their substantial impacts on agriculture and water resources. Spatial analysis identified the northwestern and southern regions of Tamil Nadu as more vulnerable to drought. Strong correlations between SPEI, SPI and EVI validated SPEI's effectiveness as a drought monitoring tool. The study emphasizes the importance of advanced indices like SPEI for precise drought monitoring and recommends integrating SPEI with real-time data and remote sensing technologies for improved drought prediction.
Diet and sleep quality in chilean university students
Authors: Ordóñez Ymara , Saavedra-Clarke Silvana , Reyes-García Susanne , Crovetto Mirta , Valladares Macarena , Espinoza Valentina , Machuca-Barria Claudia , Cresp-Barria Mauricio , Durán-Agüero Samuel
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To evaluate an association between eating patterns and sleep quality in Chilean university students.

Methods

A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted. Participants included students from 4 Chilean universities. Each student was administered survey Questionnaire on the frequency of healthy and unhealthy eating habits and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and their weight and height were taken to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI).

Results

A total of 1,079 young university students, 80.26 % were women and the average age was 21.7 years. The 73.68 % have inadequate sleep quality. There is a significant differences in frequency between sleep quality and the intake of breakfast (p<0.001), fish (p<0.05) and dinner (p<0.05), that is, university students who reported optimal sleep consume breakfast and dinner on a daily basis and their fish intake is in line with nutritional recommendations. With respect to the association between sleep quality and healthy dietary patterns, it is observed a significant association (p<0.01) between optimal sleep and daily breakfast consumption in model 3 (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.61 (0.46–0.82)). Regarding unhealthy dietary patterns, a significant association (p<0.05) is observed in model 3 between sleep quality and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.42 (1.02–1.96)). Furthermore, a significant association between optimal sleep and salt consumption is observed in both model 2 (OR: 0.73 (0.54–0.99)) and model 3 (OR: 0.72 (0.53–0.97)). Finally, a significant relationship between not tobacco use and optimal sleep is observed (OR: 0.68 (0.48–0.96)).

Conclusion

A positive relationship between healthy diet and sleep quality was observed in university students, which certain dietary patterns, such as the consumption of breakfast and low salt consumption and alcohol, are crucial to talk about a good sleep quality in this population group.
Fiscal and Tax Policy of Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (1911–1919)
Authors: Dorjpalam Oyuntsetseg , Selenge Tuul , Gotov Otgonsuren
Published: September 2024

As a result of the prolonged struggle for national independence, the Mongolian people, who endured over two centuries of oppression under Manchurian rule, regained sovereignty in 1911 and established the Republic of Mongolia. During this period, significant economic, social, and political reforms were initiated, laying the groundwork for the national financial system. This article examines the social, political, and economic landscape during the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia. Research into the tax and financial policies implemented during this period was conducted using historical documents and sources. Within the framework of Mongolian governmental financial policies, five ministries were established, accompanied by the enactment and implementation of various regulations about finance, taxation, and customs. Efforts were made to enhance state revenue; however, the accumulation of debt owed to foreign moneylenders and merchants, coupled with the taxation burden on Mongolian citizens, including payments to domestic nobles and religious institutions, exacerbated poverty and economic hardship among the populace. In June 1915, the autonomy of Mongolia, as stipulated in the treaty between Russia, Mongolia, and China, was abolished in 1919, resulting in the reassertion of foreign control over Mongolian governance.
Opportunities of artificial intelligence in the field of calibration services
Authors: Ohlrogge Matthias
Published: September 2024

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the automated monitoring and failure prediction of production processes (H. Ding, R. X. Gao, A. J. Isaksson, R. G. Landers, T. Parisini, and Y. Yuan, “State of AI-based monitoring in smart manufacturing and introduction to focused section,” IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron., vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 2143–2154, 2020). The resulting possibilities can also be extended to the monitoring of test equipment in the process, opening up new possibilities for the automated detection of deviations in reference measuring equipment. This possibility will be demonstrated in the following report on the basis of a practical example at one of Europe’s largest calibration service providers. Within the project carried out, a deviation within a reference measuring device was recorded by means of pattern recognition with the help of the calibrations. This deviation was also metrologically confirmed in an independent interlaboratory comparison, which proves that the method used is suitable for detecting deviations in the process at an early stage and without additional acquisition of measurement data or carrying out further measurements.
Impact of calcium propionate on cellular behavior in A549 and DMS114 lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Okyay Tugba Muhlise , Güler Eray Metin , Kale Ebru , Gultekin Fatih , Koldas Macit
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To investigate the cellular and apoptotic effects of food additive calcium propionate by in vitro methods.

Methods

Cell viability by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, intracellular Glutathione (GSH) by luminometric method, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by fluorometry, apoptosis by dual Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) fluorescent staining were studied in lung cells.

Results

It has been observed that calcium propionate reduced GSH and MMP levels significantly while increased cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in both A549 and DMS114 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions

Cytotoxic effects of calcium propionate were more pronounced in cancer cells compared to healthy cells, suggesting its potential suitability as a chemo-preventive agent.
Brusatol increases chemotherapeutic drug efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by suppressing Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Zhang Juan , Xu Hongxi , Wu Yulin , Cho William Chi Shing , Li Yang , Ren Peiyao , Xian Yanfang , Lin Zhixiu
Published: September 2024

Chemoresistance to gemcitabine (Gem) remains a substantial obstacle in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma carcinoma (PDAC). Nrf2, a transcription factor responsive to oxidative stress, has been implicated as a key contributor to chemoresistance. Previous studies have demonstrated anti-tumor effects of brusatol (BRT) in PDAC. Herein, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of BRT in enhancing chemosensitivity to Gem and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involving Nrf2. Gain- and-loss-of-function experiments revealed that Nrf2 exacerbated Gem chemoresistance in PDAC cells. Additionally, BRT effectively inhibited PDAC cell proliferation and enhanced Gem chemosensitivity. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that BRT sensitized PDAC cells to Gem by suppressing Nrf2 at the transcriptional level. Activation of Nrf2 conteracted BRT’s effects on chemosensitivity. In contrast, combination treatment with Nrf2 silencing and BRT demonstrated a more potent inhibitory effect on Gem in vitro and in vivo, thereby indicating the Nrf2 dependence of BRT action. These findings highlight BRT’s ability to enhance Gem chemosensitivity by inhibiting Nrf2 signaling in PDAC; therefore, BRT may serve as a potential adjuvant therapy for PDAC.
Seed soaking treatments differently effect seed germination and seedling phenology for different populations of Vitex doniana Sweet
Authors: N'Danikou Sognigbé , Soulémane Nouroudine , Akpo Essegbemon , Adjileye Achraf , Logbo Jhonn , Mensah Armel G. , Fandohan Adandé B.
Published: September 2024

Vitex doniana is one of the highly demanded traditional vegetables in West Africa, yet supply is still too low to meet demand. Among the reasons for the low supply is the constraint related to the propagation of the species. Sexual propagation of this species is limited by seed
dormancy which hinders cultivation. To achieve homogeneous germination and produce seedlings for horticultural production, two soaking techniques were applied on freshly harvested and three-month-stored seeds collected from eight populations in three climatic zones in Benin. Seed viability
differed significantly between seed populations. Seeds stored for three months at ambient room conditions (25°C) followed by wet-dry cycling twice daily for 14 days achieved 96.7% germination within 12 days after sowing. This finding represents a remarkable improvement in seedling production
for V. doniana over the past 10 years. This study is one step further toward the domestication of V. doniana.
Genetic factors in the formation of sexual identity and the emergence of gender dysphoria
Authors: Аleksandra Kuchinskaya , Кonstantin Mosse , Tatsian Dakukina , Аnastasiya Shaparevich
Published: September 2024

The modern theory of the occurrence of gender disorders considers differences in sexual behavior as a result of the action of genes that are involved in the biosynthesis and functioning of sex hormones. Research on the differences between the transgender cohort and the general population may be useful in addressing this issue.
Was the COVID-19 pandemic and home confinement responsible for a childhood obesity pandemic? responses from big data
Authors: Díez López Ignacio , Maeso Mendez Sandra , Sánchez Merino Gaspar
Published: September 2024

It is suspected that the confinement due to the COVID-19 virus of the general population, and especially children, throughout 2020; and the increase in the use of subsidiary technologies led to an increase in cases of childhood obesity. Big data tools are nowadays postulated as a tool of the first magnitude to assess observed population changes.
Animal protection laws in India and one right approach: an analysis
Authors: Taak Sangeeta
Published: September 2024

Animal Protection Law is the older and more established field of law in India since ancient times. There are many ways to measure this, such as at the constitutional level, which shows environmental law’s seniority and success. Even the Constitution of India has also addressed the environment and the typical phrasing is anthropocentric. For example, we have various laws and organization which work for the protection of non-human for example; the religious teachings text like Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam has also addressed various provisions for the welfare of non-human through its teachings. Still the non-humans suffer because they have no specific court to address their grievances, further, the laws and various decisions of the judiciary also changes with the change of the circumstances depending upon the situation, which sometimes, is not always favourable for the non-humans. It is stressed in this paper that the laws on animals should be strictly followed and the concept of one right Approach must be followed. The laws and state welfare must include the welfare of both human beings and the non-humans. The Human and the Environment should fit in legal paradigm for Anthropogenic. The Protection of Animals, non-human is essential for the survival of Human Being.
Legal psychology from social psychology. historical introduction of forensic psychology
Authors: Mendoza Alba Luz Robles
Published: September 2024

The importance of legal psychology at the international level has gained ground in the last ten years due to the increase in criminality within the so-called transnational organized crime. Drug trafficking, money laundering, human trafficking, femicides, migrant smuggling, and genocide are examples of criminal behavior that crosses borders between countries. The social, cultural, political and economic implications that these antisocial behaviors entail makes it necessary to implement specialized and trained professional teams for the identification and management of criminal profiling, where Legal Psychology as one of the applications of Social Psychology entails a great weight and implies the clear delimitation of its functions and the conceptual theoretical structure that grounds it as a science. The objective of this work is to publicize the importance of this behavioral science in the legal field, dimensioning its characteristics and applications. Highlighting the broad development of forensic psychology, the delimitations of criminological psychology, the overwhelming future of criminal and victimological psychology, and the deficits in the field of judicial and legal psychology are some of the issues that are reflected in this brief historical introduction.
Suicidal behaviors among African American adolescents
Authors: Okere Gloria , Bush Lasheria Nance
Published: September 2024

In the United States, suicide among adolescents continues to be a growing phenomenon that affects many young people. Research in 2017 illustrated suicide has been the second leading cause of death among individuals whose ages range from 10 to 34. Recently, African Americans suicide rates for youth have increased which provides causation for this study. This study utilizes a qualitative analysis on the contributing risk factors that have led to the increase of suicide rates within this particular group of people. In particular, the authors analyzed suicide rates within the United States regarding African American adolescents and how the contributing risk factors of one’s socioeconomic status including race, mental illness, and social media play key roles. It is undeniably that these factors are group-specified in which intervention strategies should become implemented within this social context and implications would arise that would negate suicide risk among African American adolescents.
Three levels of examination of expert opinions in criminal cases in China: an analysis from a forensic perspective
Authors: Na Jiang , Rong Han
Published: September 2024

The expert opinion has a strong evidentiary effect due to its professionalism, which is widely used in criminal cases. To avoid the abuse of this type of evidence, several strict examination shall be carried out step by step, which includes formal review, specialist review and in-depth substantive review in terms of its formal and substantive content.
Effective model of technological innovation process (EMTIP) for knowledge protection in a university
Authors: Rivas Jorge Luis Hilario , Fernández Freddy Elar Ferrari , Cherre Cesar Augusto Agurto , García José Williams Rojas , Linares Richard Piero Bardales , Cerna Clotilde Ríos Hidalgo-de
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to propose an effective model for the process of technological innovation and knowledge protection in a university in Peru. To accomplish this, a quantitative applied and descriptive approach was employed within the positivist paradigm. An instrument was utilized to assess 342 publications from the UNU (Universidad Nacional de Ucayali) repository between 2021 and 2022. The research consisted of two specific steps: Step 1: Identification of patentable materials through workshops involving individuals associated with the inventions in their respective technological fields. Step 2: Definition of a process of technological innovation and knowledge protection through the EMTIP model. This model is the outcome of a flexible and adaptive methodology that takes into consideration technological surveillance, demand behavior and needs, and the search for the necessary resources to materialize innovation as a finite fulfillment of its demand. All of this is done under a concurrent feedback system. The EMTIP model represents the seventh generational model for knowledge protection and the process of technological innovation in a university.
Complex suicide – ripping the smokescreen
Authors: Sinha Sweta , Gupta Vaibhav , Dash Sujata , rain Srina
Published: September 2024

Complex suicides involve two or more discrete method adopted to take one’s own life. Compared to death by simple suicide, cases of complex suicide often go unnoticed. As, these medico-legal cases are sent for toxicological analysis to ascertain cause of death, forensic science plays a vital role of in establishing complex suicide cases. We here focus on two cases of suicide by hanging where the deceased adopted complex life threatening combination for suicide. Chemical examination to ascertain presence of intoxicant in visceral tissues was carried out with the help of chemical tests, GC-HS, FTIR and GC-MS analysis. The toxicological investigation revealed presence naphthalene in stomach as well as asphyxia due to hanging as cause of death under the influence of alcohol. Thus, the method of suicide was more toward planned complex suicide that was revealed only after forensic examination. Complex suicide attempts need austere consideration from several segments of the society and all evidences must be given sufficient thoughtfulness as they play vital role in establishing death.
The inner strength: a perspective on the consequences of COVID-19 on Oman’s actions
Authors: Ruheili Amna Al
Published: September 2024

Once the World Health Organization (WHO) alerted the world on the Coronavirus disease in 2019, (COVID-19) countries around the world reacted to confine the spread of COVID-19 and to adapt to the new lifestyle. Due to that, a huge focus on electronic service was obvious in various countries around the world. The electronic services became increasingly important as continuous development in various applications observed across different sectors such as in business, government, education and health. The aim of this study is to review the impact of COVID-19 on Oman’s response and measures in containing COVID-19. This study is also exploring the onset of various electronic services in Oman and its benefit to the users and the society. This study documented that various technological initiatives such as E-shopping and E-services were proposed and adapted as a measure in encompassing COVID-19 to improve the services of everyday life. These developments considered as the seed to further enhancing the growth and enhancement of technological infrastructure in Oman.
Samples taken for puncture studies and their report according to the instrument used to obtain the material
Authors: Amoldoni Jesus E Tatá
Published: September 2024

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Mortality from pemphigo in Brazil in 02 decades
Authors: Castro Marques Ana Luísa Penha , Gomes Patriota Neto José Carlos , Diógenes Ferreira Flávia Rafaela , Diógenes Ferreira Fernanda , Fernandes Menezes Layza Hellen , Aparecida Costa Maria , Lindoso de Souza Aeriberto Carlos , Guimarães Gouveia Almir José , de Araujo e Araujo Ana Carolina Ribeiro , dos Santos Rosa Otto Mauro , Marques Júnior Deocleciano Vespúcio , Castro Marques Consuelo Penha
Published: September 2024

Pemphigus is a rare and sometimes fatal autoimmune disease in which the body itself gathers defense cells to attack the desmoglein proteins, responsible for adhesion between the layers of the skin, causing acantholysis. It usually manifests initially in the oral cavity, progressing to the skin of other regions of the body. Given the risk and the difficulty in diagnosing this pathology, the objective of this study was to study the epidemiological profile of mortality due to pemphigus in Brazil, from 2000 to 2020. Thus, a cross-sectional, epidemiological and descriptive-analytical study was carried out, with secondary data from TABNET-DATASUS-Ministry of Health-Brazil, corresponding to deaths occurring in the Brazilian population. The collected data were tabulated in Excel and the results presented in graphs and tables and expressed in absolute numbers and frequencies. They were statistically analyzed using the Bioestat 5.3 Program, in which the mean, standard deviation, and correlation (Pearson's Correlation Test) were analyzed, considering p-value <0.05. There were n = 1511 deaths from this pathology in Brazil, in the period under study, the year 2015 presented the highest number of deaths n = 116. The region with the highest mortality was the Southeast (46%); the most affected sex was female (59%); the age group with the most deaths was 80 years and + (29%); the most affected color/race was white (52.2%); there was a lower number of deaths in people with 12 years of schooling and more (4%); marital status, preferably affected, married (34%); place of occurrence: hospital (84%). Even though it is a rare, treatable disease with low lethality, a significant number of deaths from pemphigus occurred in Brazil during the decades under study. It is easy to treat with corticosteroids and other medications, but requires early diagnosis to contain its progression and improve prognosis. Therefore, these deaths indicate the need for better diagnosis and early treatment to inhibit mortality from pemphigus in Brazil.
Image and projection on social media: an analysis of BTS members profiles on Instagram
Authors: Fernandes Carla Montuori , Ademir de Oliveira Luiz , Dos Santos Carvalho Maria Eduarda
Published: September 2024

This article aims to analyze the way in which members of the K-pop (South Korean pop) group Bangtan Sonyeondan, also known as BTS, build their presence on Instagram, enabling different forms of projection and identification by among your fans. Initially, the relationships between art, culture and technology are discussed based on Communication Theories (Adorno & Horkheimer, 2020; Morin, 1997; Kellner; 2001; Williams, 2011). Next, the focus is on cyberculture and the role of social networks in reconfiguring relationships between idols and their fans (Recuero, Zago & Soares, 2019; Pinheiro, 2009; Andrade, 2020). Finally, a Content Analysis (Bardin, 2011) of the profile of the group BTS, a phenomenon of the Korean wave (Mazur, 2020), is carried out in order to analyze how, through posts, they seek to activate this dual nature of myths modern: identification and projection, glamorization and proximity to the everyday universe, with a constant presence on social networks as a strategy.
Television Advertising in Spain: Cost, Profitability and Commercial Scenarios
Authors: Martín García Noemí , Arranz Rodríguez Inés , Ortega Fernandez Eglee
Published: September 2024

We present the research results that analyze the changes that have taken place in the prices and profitability of advertising spaces in national free-to-air television and the possible scenarios that the medium may face to survive in the audiovisual environment in Spain. To this end, two correlative studies with different methodologies were carried out to analyze the prices and profitability of television spots and, on the other hand, to know professionals' opinions about the medium's future. The results show an ever-increasing price of TV spots and a drop in profitability, especially in terms of impact on adults over 16 years of age. Also, the professionals argue that television must adapt to the digital environment in the long term but that, in the short term, they can still hold their own with advertising revenues as they continue to maintain coverage and notoriety as competitive advantages over other media. The aim is to highlight the effectiveness of television as an advertising medium today despite its loss of efficiency.
Corruption and media surveillance of power in Argentina and Peru: The coverage of Clarín and El Comercio during the vaccination scandals against COVID 19
Authors: Tagle Francisco , Gómez Rocío , Gamarra Rosa
Published: September 2024

In Argentina and Peru, the COVID-19 emergency brought corruption scandals related to skipping the line to access the vaccine and its illicit application to political authorities and other figures. From a methodology based on media frames and predominant information source types, this study analyzes how the leading online press media in Argentina and Peru, namely Clarín and El Comercio, reported the scandals, locally known as Vaccine VIP and Vacunagate, respectively.
Is opting-out so hard? Emerging adults on the techniques and barriers to digital disconnection during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jupowicz-Ginalska Anna , Kopecka-Piech Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Despite the COVID-19 pandemic being a past, the concern for digital balance remains relevant. Digital devices accompany people constantly, and young users are especially vulnerable to the harmful effects of their usage. Considering the problem's relevance, we focus on digital disconnection (DD) among emerging adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. We use a mixed methodology combining two qualitative approaches: story completion and content analysis. We identify and systemize barriers and techniques of DD, and we answer whether these practices are stable. We present four categories of barriers: obstacles, the functionality of the digital world, the design of the digital world, and the problem' of displacement. We also outline techniques for DD: human-centric actions, temporal solutions, technological support, and activities outside the online world.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Enneagram Kişilik Tipleri ile Sınıf Yönetimi Öz-Yeterlik İnançları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Erkan İlknur , Şirin Turgay
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırma, öğretmen adaylarının enneagram kişilik tipleri ile sınıf yönetimi öz yeterlik inançları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul ili Küçükçekmece ilçesinde uygun örneklem yoluyla seçilen İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesindeki farklı bölüm ve sınıflardan basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan 17-50 yaş aralığında 412’si kadın; 101’i erkek, toplam 513 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler “Sınıf Yönetimi Öz Yeterlik İnançları Ölçeği” (SYÖİÖ), “Enneagram Türkiye Kişilik Envanteri” (ETKE) ve “Demografik Bilgi Formu” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 25 paket programı ile yapılmış, verilerin çözümlenmesinde; aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, yüzde, frekans, minimum ve maksimum değerler gibi betimsel istatistik analizleri ve Kruskal Wallis-H Testi kullanılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde Sınıf Yönetimi Öz Yeterlik İnançları toplam puanının ve Sonuç Beklentisi alt boyut puanının kişilik tiplerine göre istatistiksel olarak tip 5 lehine anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarından Tip 5 olanların sınıf yönetimi öz yeterlik inançları, Tip 9 olan öğretmen adaylarından daha yüksek tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç beklentisi alt boyutunda ise Tip 4 ve Tip 5 öğretmen adayları arasında Sınıf Yönetimi Öz Yeterlik İnançları toplam puanında olduğu gibi Tip 5 lehine anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Bulgular neticesinde öğretmen adaylarının mesleğe başlamadan önce kişisel farkındalıklarının ve mesleki öz-yeterlik inançlarının gelişmesinde Enneagram Kişilik Modeli’nin kullanılabileceği önerilmiştir.