bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aquatic Matter: Water in Victorian Fiction
Authors: Kluwick Ursula
Published: June 2019

This essay looks at water in Victorian fiction and argues that it is important not just as motif or symbol—which is how literary criticism has traditionally approached it—but as a metamorphic substance. I propose a material ecocritical framework in order to conceptualise water as literary matter, and I analyse selected passages from four canonical Victorian novels through a focus on aquatic materialisation and transformation. I argue that through the emphasis on these processes in a variety of water scenes from Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights, Lady Audley’s Secret, and Dracula, water emerges as not inert but agential. Through a material ecocritical approach which rejects intentionality as a precondition of agency, representations of nature as animate can be reconceived as not necessarily anthropomorphic or as instances of the pathetic fallacy, but as bearing witness to how agency is shared by humans and their environment.
Christie Davies at the Humor Summer School
Authors:   The Advisory Board of the International Summer School and Symposium on Humour and Laughter
Published: June 2019

We look back on the significant contribution that the late Christie Davies made to the International Summer School and Symposium on Humour and Laughter over a period of seventeen years, and present reminiscences about him from some past participants in this event.
Detection of Sesame Oil Adulteration Using Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Chemometrics
Authors: Wang Ruiying , Liu Kangjing , Wang Xiaoling , Tan Mingqian
Published: June 2019

Identification of edible oil adulteration is an essential task for oil quality control. In this study, the adulteration of sesame oil samples with soybean oil was detected by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) combining with chemometrics including principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) methods. PCA analysis was applied for the classification of various adulteration ratios of sesame oil samples. PLS and PCR were used for the detection of adulteration ratios of sesame oil samples. A calibration data set was established and evaluated by a cross-validation method. The correlation coefficients between actual and predicted values for the calibration and validation data sets were 0.953 and 0.973 for PLS and 0.975 and 0.979 for PCR, respectively. Therefore, a combination of LF-NMR with chemometrics can be applied for detecting sesame oil adulteration in a fast and nondestructive manner.
Numerical Simulation for Radiated Flow in Rotating Channel with Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions
Authors: Hayat Tasawar , Ullah Ikram , Alsaedi Ahmed , Alsulami Hamed
Published: June 2019

The present work models MHD three-dimensional flow in a rotating channel. The energy expression is characterized by heat generation/absorption and radiation effects. Homogeneous-heterogeneous features are also accounted for. The obtained non-dimensional systems are numerically computed via the NDSolve based Shooting technique. Graphs are plotted to visualize the impact of various influential variables on velocity, temperature and concentration. In addition, skin friction and the Nusselt number are numerically estimated. Here temperature increases for increasing estimations of heat generation/absorption and radiation parameters. Furthermore, skin friction is reduced in the case of large Reynold number and rotation parameter.
Crystal structure of (3E,5E)-3,5-bis(3-nitrobenzylidene)-1-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)piperidin-4-one — dichloromethane (2/1), C53H38Cl2F6N6O14S2
Authors: Sun Yue , Wang Shu-Xia , Hou Gui-Ge
Published: June 2019

C53H38Cl2F6N6O14S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 12.1975(6) Å, b = 13.9973(7) Å, c = 16.3818(10) Å, α = 69.365(5)°, β = 76.620(5)°, γ = 77.292(4)°, V = 2516.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0540, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1413, T = 100.02(10) K.
Humans, Animals, Things and Animacy
Authors: Bayanati Shiva , Toivonen Ida
Published: June 2019

Animacy influences the patterns of subject-verb agreement marking in many languages, including Persian and Inari Saami. In Persian, animate plural subjects trigger plural agreement on the verb, whereas inanimate subjects may or may not trigger agreement. The variation is governed by factors such as personification, agency and distributivity. In Inari Saami, verbs fully agree with human subjects and verbs partially agree with inanimate subjects. Verbs may or may not agree with subjects referring to animals. We argue that the intricate interaction between biological animacy and grammatical agreement in these two languages warrants careful consideration of the tripartite distinction between biological animacy in the world, our conceptualization of animacy and formal animacy features in the grammar.
Design, synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocomposite radiolabelled with 153Sm as radiopharmaceutical for use in radiosynovectomy
Authors: Attar Nosrati Sima , Alizadeh Robabeh , Ahmadi Seyed Javad , Erfani Mostafa
Published: June 2019

The aim of the present study was to introduction of hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposite as a new radiosynovectomy agent with excellent properties. In this work, the nanocomposite was prepared through a reliable method and characterized using different techniques to elucidate its chemical structure and physiochemical properties. The prepared nanocomposite was successfully radiolabeled with 153Sm under optimal conditions and with high radiolabelling yield (99 %). The radiochemical purity of the prepared radiopharmaceutical was found to be >99 % as determined by ITLC technique. In vitro stability studies in saline solution and in human serum showed that the radiolabeled nanocomposite retained its stability for at least 6 days. The biodistribution and imaging studies in wild-type rats revealed high retention of the agent into the synovial joints of the knee even at 96 h post-injection, thereby indicating excellent in vivo stability of 153Sm labeled hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocomposite. Therefore, the prepared radiopharmaceutical would be a potential therapeutic agent for use in radiosynovectomy procedure.
Toward an Integrated Model of Pathological Personality Traits: Common Hierarchical Structure of the PID-5 and the DAPP-BQ
Authors: Gutiérrez Fernando , Ruiz José , Peri Josep Maria , Gárriz Miguel , Vall Gemma , Cavero Myriam
Published: June 2019

A dimensional classification seems to be the next move in the personality disorders field. However, it is not clear whether there is one dimensional model or many, or whether the currently available dimensional instruments measure the same traits. To help clarify these issues, the authors administered the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP-BQ) to 414 psychiatric outpatients. Factor analyses showed that a common hierarchical structure underlies both instruments, even if each one measures slightly different aspects of it. Disattenuated correlations indicated that, at the lower order level, two thirds of the PID-5 and DAPP-BQ facets measure essentially the same traits, although the pairings were not exactly as predicted. Among higher order domains, only PID Negative Affectivity and Detachment converged unambiguously with DAPP Emotional Dysregulation and Inhibition. Overall, the PID-5 and the DAPP-BQ reflect, with small divergences, one and the same structure of pathological personality traits.
Adipose tissue-derived autotaxin causes cardiomyopathy in obese mice
Authors: Xu Yousheng , Wang Yongshun , Liu Jingjin , Cao Wei , Li Lili , Du Hongwei , Zhan Enbo , Zhang Ruoxi , Liu Huimin , Xu Maoen , Chen Tao , Qu Yilin , Yu Bo
Published: June 2019

The prevalence of obesity is dramatic increased and strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Adipokines, secreted from adipose tissues, are critical risk factors for the development of cardiomyopathy. Present study aimed to investigate the pathophysiological role of autotaxin in obesity-related cardiomyopathy. In high-fat diet-fed mice, autotaxin was mainly synthesized and secreted from adipocytes. The increased accumulation of cardiac autotaxin was positively associated with cardiac dysfunction in obese mice. Interestingly, specific blockage of adipose tissue autotaxin effectively protected against high-fat diet-induced cardiac structural disorders, left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction. Inhibition of autotaxin further improved high-fat diet-induced cardiac fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, including improvement of mitochondrial structure, mass and activities. Our findings demonstrated intervention of adipose tissue biology could influence cardiac modification in obese mice, and adipocyte-derived autotaxin was a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for obesity-related cardiomyopathy.
Molecular regulation of spermatogonial stem cell renewal and differentiation
Authors: Mäkelä Juho-Antti , Hobbs Robin M
Published: June 2019

The intricate molecular and cellular interactions between spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and their cognate niche form the basis for life-long sperm production. To maintain long-term fertility and sustain sufficiently high levels of spermatogenesis, a delicate balance needs to prevail between the different niche factors that control cell fate decisions of SSCs by promoting self-renewal, differentiation priming or spermatogenic commitment of undifferentiated spermatogonia (Aundiff). Previously the SSC niche was thought to be formed primarily by Sertoli cells. However, recent research has indicated that many distinct cell types within the testis contribute to the SSC niche including most somatic cell populations and differentiating germ cells. Moreover, postnatal testis development involves maturation of somatic supporting cell populations and onset of cyclic function of the seminiferous epithelium. The stochastic and flexible behavior of Aundiff further complicates the definition of the SSC niche. Unlike in invertebrate species, providing a simple anatomical description of the SSC niche in the mouse is therefore challenging. Rather, the niche needs to be understood as a dynamic system that is able to serve the long-term reproductive function and maintenance of fertility both under steady-state and during development plus regeneration. Recent data from us and others have also shown that Aundiff reversibly transition between differentiation-primed and self-renewing states based on availability of niche-derived cues. This review focuses on defining the current understanding of the SSC niche and the elements involved in its regulation.
Posverdad y psicopolítica
Authors: Lomelí Ponce Javier
Published: June 2019

Posverdad y psicopolítica. es una reflexión teórica acerca de los modos en los cuales la digitalización en los medios de comunicación han alterado los procesos de construcción de la verdad política y por ende, su racionalidad. Esto a partir del medio en el que se presentan (el medio digital) y sus condiciones de posibilidad; la explotación de los afectos y sentimientos en la comunicación política; y el empleo de un lenguaje audiovisual fragmentado y posproducido. Todo esto da como resultado eso a lo que se ha denominado como psicopolítica.
Structural Characterization ofABCB1, the Gene Underlying thed2Dwarf Phenotype in Pearl Millet,Cenchrus Americanus(L.) Morrone
Authors: Parvathaneni Rajiv K , Spiekerman John J , Zhou Hongye , Wu Xiaomei , Devos Katrien M
Published: June 2019

Pearl millet is an important food crop in arid and semi-arid regions of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa and is grown in Australia and the United States as a summer fodder crop. The d2 dwarf germplasm has been widely used in the last half-century to develop high-performing pearl millet hybrids. We previously mapped the d2 phenotype to a 1.6 cM region in linkage group (LG) 4 and identified the ABCB1 gene as a candidate underlying the trait. Here, we report the sequence, structure and expression of ABCB1 in tall (D2D2) and d2 dwarf (d2d2) germplasm. The ABCB1 allele in d2 dwarfs differs from that in tall inbreds by the presence of two different high copy transposable elements, one in the coding region and the second located 664 bp upstream of the ATG start codon. These transposons were present in all d2 dwarfs tested that were reported to be of independent origin and absent in the analyzed wild-type tall germplasm. We also compared the expression profile of this gene in different organs of multiple tall and d2 dwarf inbreds, including the near-isogenic inbreds at the d2 locus, Tift 23B (D2D2) and Tift 23DB (d2d2). Heterologous transformation of the tall (Ca_ABCB1) and the d2 dwarf (Ca_abcb1) pearl millet alleles in the Arabidopsis double mutant abcb1abcb19 showed that the pearl millet D2 but not the d2 allele complements the Arabidopsis abcb1 mutation. Our studies also show the importance of the COOH-terminal 22 amino acids of the ABCB1 protein in either protein function or stability.
A Unified Model for Inclusive Inheritance in Livestock Species
Authors: David Ingrid , Ricard Anne
Published: June 2019

For years, animal selection in livestock species has been performed by selecting animals based on genetic inheritance. However, evolutionary studies have reported that nongenetic information that drives natural selection can also be inherited across generations (epigenetic, microbiota, environmental inheritance). In response to this finding, the concept of inclusive heritability, which combines all sources of information inherited across generations, was developed. To better predict the transmissible potential of each animal by taking into account these diverse sources of inheritance and improve selection in livestock species, we propose the “transmissibility model.” Similarly to the animal model, this model uses pedigree and phenotypic information to estimate variance components and predict the transmissible potential of an individual, but differs by estimating the path coefficients of inherited information from parent to offspring instead of using a set value of 0.5 for both the sire and the dam (additive genetic relationship matrix). We demonstrated the structural identifiability of the transmissibility model, and performed a practical identifiability and power study of the model. We also performed simulations to compare the performances of the animal and transmissibility models for estimating the covariances between relatives and predicting the transmissible potential under different combinations of sources of inheritance. The transmissibility model provided similar results to the animal model when inheritance was of genetic origin only, but outperformed the animal model for estimating the covariances between relatives and predicting the transmissible potential when the proportion of inheritance of nongenetic origin was high or when the sire and dam path coefficients were very different.
Die Grundrente - ein wirksames Instrument gegen Altersarmut in Ostdeutschland?
Authors: Mislin Alexander
Published: June 2019

Dieser Beitrag untersucht, ob die Einführung einer Grundrente ein wirksames Instrument gegen Altersarmut in Ostdeutschland ist. Entgegen der in Teilen der öffentlichen Meinung vorgebrachten These, dass eine hohe Altersarmut in Ostdeutschland vorliegt, kann die statistische Analyse zeigen, dass ostdeutsche Rentner weitestgehend nicht von Altersarmut betroffen sind und im Vergleich zu den westdeutschen Rentnern besser abschneiden. Eine Grundrente ist in der vorgestellten Form kein Instrument gegen Altersarmut.
Industriestrategie 2030 – Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen?
Authors: Schnellenbach Jan , Wittke Oliver
Published: June 2019

Die industriepolitischen Pläne namens „Nationale Industriestrategie 2030“ von Bundeswirtschaftsminister Peter Altmaier werden derzeit kontrovers diskutiert. Stark vereinfacht ausgedrückt sollen nationale Champions entstehen, einzelne Branchen strategisch gefördert und unerwünschte Investoren abgewehrt werden - etwa durch den Aufbau staatlicher Beteiligungsfonds.
Business Ökosystem Design
Authors: Lewrick Michael , Link Patrick
Published: June 2019

Was wäre, wenn... alle Informationen, Daten, Eigentumsrechte, und Geldwerte in dezentralen Strukturen sicher, kostengünstig und nachvollziehbar übertragen werden könnten? Die Antwort könnte lauten, es entstehen neue Geschäftsmodelle und Marktopportunitäten. Bestehende Marktteilnehmer verlieren dadurch ihre Daseinsberechtigung. Insbesondere die zahlreichen Intermediäre, die über die Jahre lukrative Einnahmequellen aus ihren transaktionsbasierten Geschäftsmodellen generieren konnten. Wer überleben möchte, muss sich jetzt verändern, denn aktuell werden die Wertströme neu definiert. Blockchain-Technologie lässt über alle Branchen hinweg radikale Innovationen zu und innovative Start-ups und Unternehmen setzen zunehmend auf eine neue zentrale Fähigkeit - das (Re-)Design von Business Ökosystemen.
Networking im Studium
Authors: Brenner Doris
Published: June 2019

In diesem Aufsatz erfahren Sie, warum Networking eine wesentliche Kompetenz ist und wie Sie ein zuverlässiges Netzwerk aufbauen können. Je früher Sie mit diesen Aktivitäten beginnen, desto besser werden Sie in der Lage sein, interessante Jobs zu finden und Ihre Karriere zu beschleunigen. Die Erfahrung zeigt, dass Menschen, die in ihrem beruflichen Umfeld gut vernetzt sind, erfolgreicher sind und Hindernisse viel leichter überwinden. Um ein guter Netzwerker zu werden, ist es wichtig zuerst zu wissen, was Sie einbringen können, um ein wertvolles Mitglied des Netzwerks zu sein.
Verbesserung des Produktionssystems mit der Wertstrommethode - Teil 1: Ausgangssituation und Aufgaben
Authors: Lugert Andreas , Winkler Herwig
Published: June 2019

Mit der Wertstrommethode lassen sich Produktivität und Effizienz des Produktionssystems steigern. Dies geschieht durch Schaffung von Transparenz und Aufdeckung möglicher Optimierungspotentiale. Die Fallstudie zeigt, wie die Methode systematisch anzuwenden ist und welche Erfolge sich durch sie erzielen lassen. Außerdem wird die Notwendigkeit eines fortwährenden Wertstrommanagements deutlich. Die Grundlagen von Wertstromanalyse und -design werden in einem wissenschaftlichen Beitrag der Autoren im vorliegenden Heft auf Seite 4 ff. erläutert.
Image quality assessment using NEMA NU 4/2008 standards in small animal PET scanner
Authors: Ferreira Andréa Vidal , Gontijo Rodrigo Modesto Gadelha , Silva Juliana Batista , Mamede Marcelo Henrique
Published: June 2019

In Brazil, there are few microPET in use and a quality control protocols standardization are needed to harmonize their use in the research field. Thus, the purpose of this study is to characterize the image quality performance of the microPET scanner (LabPET 4, GE healthcare Technologies, Waukesha, WI) using the NEMA NU 4/ 2008 standards and specific phantom. The NEMA image-quality (IQ) phantom consists of 3 different regions to analyze distinct characteristics: image noise (%SD), expressed as percentage SD in a uniform region (%SD), recovery coefficient (RC) and Spill-over (SOR) in air and water. The IQ phantom was filled with 18F-FDG calibrated at the beginning of acquisition, placed in the center of the field-of-view (FOV) and measured with the typical whole body imaging protocol. The images were reconstructed with different reconstruction methods (FBP-2D; MLEM-3D and OSEM-3D); with and without high resolution (HR) when possible. The results were compared. The LabPET 4 system produces appropriate image and with performance according to the literature. The present study is an initial step to verify the NEMA NU 4/2008 use in the Brazilian scenario for further standardization.
Human reliability in non-destructive inspections of nuclear power plant components: modeling and analysis
Authors: Vasconcelos Vanderley , Soares Wellington Antonio , Marques Raissa Oliveira , Silva Jr Silvério Ferreira , Raso Amanda Laureano
Published: June 2019

Non-destructive inspection (NDI) is one of the key elements in ensuring quality of engineering systems and their safe use. This inspection is a very complex task, during which the inspectors have to rely on their sensory, perceptual, cognitive, and motor skills. It requires high vigilance once it is often carried out on large components, over a long period of time, and in hostile environments and restriction of workplace. A successful NDI requires careful planning, choice of appropriate NDI methods and inspection procedures, as well as qualified and trained inspection personnel. A failure of NDI to detect critical defects in safety-related components of nuclear power plants, for instance, may lead to catastrophic consequences for workers, public and environment. Therefore, ensuring that NDI is reliable and capable of detecting all critical defects is of utmost importance. Despite increased use of automation in NDI, human inspectors, and thus human factors, still play an important role in NDI reliability. Human reliability is the probability of humans conducting specific tasks with satisfactory performance. Many techniques are suitable for modeling and analyzing human reliability in NDI of nuclear power plant components, such as FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) and THERP (Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction). An example by using qualitative and quantitative assessesments with these two techniques to improve typical NDI of pipe segments of a core cooling system of a nuclear power plant, through acting on human factors issues, is presented.
Study of volume fractions on biphasic stratified regime using gamma ray
Authors: Salgado William Luna , Brandão Luis Eduardo Barreira
Published: June 2019

In the oil industries, interconnected pipelines are used to carry large quantities of petroleum and its byproducts. This modal has an advantage because they are more economical, eliminate a need for stocks and, in addition, great safety in operation minimizing a possibility of loss or theft when transported another way. In many cases, especially in the petrochemical industry, the same pipeline is used to carry more than one type of product. They are called poliduct. In the operation of a poliduct there is a sequence of products to be transported and during the exchange of the product, there are still fractions of the previous product and this generates contaminations. It is therefore important to identify precisely this region in order to reduce the costs of reprocessing and treatment of discarded products. In this way, this work presents a methodology to evaluate the sensitivity of the gamma densitometry technique in a study of the calculation of volume fractions in biphasic systems, submitted to the stratified flow regime. Using computational simulations using the Monte Carlo Method with the MCNP-X code, measurement geometry was proposed that presented a higher sensitivity for the calculation of volume fractions. The relevant technical data to perform a simulation of the scintillator detectors were based on information obtained from the gammagraphy technique. The study had a theoretical validation through analytical equations, and the results show that it is possible to identify volume fractions equivalent to 3%.
Algorithm for using the boundary element method on the example of a mixed boundary value problem for the Poisson equation
Authors: Boyko L. T.
Published: June 2019

The possibilities of the algorithm for applying the boundary element method to solving boundary value problems are discussed on the example of the two-dimensional Poisson differential equation. The algorithm does not change significantly when the type of boundary conditions changes: the Dirichlet problem, the Neumann problem, or a mixed boundary value problem. The idea of the algorithm is taken from the work of John T. Katsikadelis [1]. The algorithm is described in detail in the next sequence of actions. 1) The boundary- value problem for a two-dimensional finite domain is formulated. The desired function in the domain, its values, and its normal derivative on the boundary contour are connected by means of the second Green formula. 2) We pass from the boundary value problem for the Poisson equation to the boundary value problem for the Laplace equation. This simplifies the process of constructing an integral equation. We obtain the integral equation on the boundary contour using the boundary conditions. 3) In the integral equation, we divide the boundary contour into a finite number of boundary elements. The desired function and its normal derivative are considered constant values on each boundary element. We compose a system of linear algebraic equations considering these values. 4) We modify the system of linear algebraic equations taking into account the boundary conditions. After that, we solve it using the Gauss method. The computer program has been developed according to the developed algorithm. We used it in the learning process. The software implementation of the algorithm takes into account the capabilities of modern computer technology and modern needs of the educational process. The work of the program is shown in the test case. Further modification of the described algorithm is possible
About the estimation of the convergence rate of projection-iteration processes of conditional minimization of a functional
Authors: Gart L. L.
Published: June 2019

We study projection-iterative processes based on the conditional gradient method to solve the problem of minimizing a functional in a real separable Hilbert space. To solve extremal problems, methods of approximate (projection) type are often used, which make it possible to replace the initial problem by a sequence of auxiliary approximating extremal problems. The work of many authors is devoted to the problems of approximating various classes of extremal problems. Investigations of projection and projection-iteration methods for solving extremal problems with constraints in Hilbert and reflexive Banach spaces were carried out, in particular, in the works of S.D. Balashova, in which the general conditions for approximation and convergence of sequences of exact and approximate solutions of approximating extremal problems considered both in subspaces of the original space and in certain spaces isomorphic to them were proposed. The projection-iterative approach to the approximate solution of an extremal problem is based on the possibility of applying iterative methods to the solution of approximating problems. Moreover, for each of the "approximate" extremal problems, only a few approximations are obtained with the help of a certain iteration method and the last of them as the initial approximation for the next "approximate" problem is used. This paper, in continuation of the author's past work to solve the problem of minimizing a functional on a convex set of Hilbert space, is devoted to obtaining theoretical estimates of the rate of convergence of the projection-iteration method based on the conditional gradient method (for different ways of specifying a step multiplier) of minimization of approximating functionals in certain spaces isomorphic to subspaces of the original space. We prove theorems on the convergence of a projection-iteration method and obtain estimates of error and convergence degree
Boundary conditions in problems of studying the stability of a plane stationary detonation wave
Authors: Tytyapkin A. S. , Volkov V. E.
Published: June 2019

The research’s problems of a plane stationary detonation wave’s stability are considered. It is shown that the boundary conditions for the two-front model allow estimating the main parameters of the internal structure of gas detonation. Such a model can serve as the basis for development of mathematical support and software for an intellectual decision support system for the problems of explosion-proof and explosion protection. An attempt has been made to systematize the problem of setting boundary conditions in studies of the stability of a detonation wave in order to further create a decision support system (DSS) on problems of explosion safety and explosion protection. The following models of a plane stationary detonation wave were considered, which the stability problem is stated for: 1) the Chapman-Jouget detonation model is the simplest model where the shock-detonation front is modeled by a direct shock wave, and all chemical transformations are assumed to occur instantaneously, directly at the front; 2) a two-front (single-stage, square-wave) model based on the assumption that chemical transformations also occur instantaneously, not on the leading shock front, but in a plane (called the instantaneous combustion front), which is separated from the leading shock front by the induction zone; 3) a multistage model that approximates the continuous distribution of parameters behind the leading shock front piecewise constant function; 4) a model with a continuous distribution of parameters behind the leading shock front, which most accurately reflects the real physical processes in a stationary detonation wave. These models are fundamentally different in boundary conditions, which small pertur-bations in the region separating the regions of the initial combustible medium and detona-tion products satisfy. The advantages and disadvantages of the models described above are both assessed from the standpoint of the correctness of the physical analysis of the detonation process and from the point of view of applicability for the mathematical support of DSS on problems of explosion safety and explosion protection. It is shown that the boundary conditions for the two-front model allow to estimate the main parameters of the internal structure of the gas detonation. Such model can be as the basis for the development of mathematical support and software of DSS for problems of explosion safety and explosion protection
To the problem of choosing a hip implant
Authors: Turchin V. N. , Loskutov O. A. , Drozhin A. S. , Volkova E. V.
Published: June 2019

Endoprosthetics is often the only way out for a patient with severe hip joint pathology. An important step, in many ways ensuring successful replacement, is the correct choice of implant. When installing the hip joint implant, one of its parts - the leg - is placed in the marrow canal of the femur. Moreover, the installation must be done in a way that ensures, that on one hand, the leg fits tightly against the walls of the channel and on the other hand, no critical stress appears in the channel. Otherwise, serious postoperative complications are possible. Proper fit of the prosthesis is ensured by the correct choice from a given standard set of implants. To date the choice of the implant is realized using x-ray images of the canal in the direct and lateral projections. The implant images on a transparent film are sequentially applied to the hip and thighbone images in a straight and lateral projection, and thus a suitable implant is selected. In this regard, the problem of constructing an al-gorithm for choosing an implant based on quantitative characteristics arises. The method of optimal implant selection based on the quantitative characteristics of the implant and of the difference between the width of the channel in the direct projection and the width of the implant in a direct projection is a possible solution. The best for this channel in a direct projection is the implant for which the average distance between the upper wall of the canal and the implant is the smallest. The quantitative characteristic of the placement quality of the implant in the lateral projection is introduced in a similar way. The implants that fit in the channel are considered. It also must be taken into account that the implant should have contact with the channel in at least three points in the lateral projection. “The best for a given channel on the lateral projection is the implant for which the difference between the minimum distance from the anterior wall of the canal to the posterior wall of the implant and the width of the implant in this section is minimal. In best case, the best implant is the one that fits best in both projections. However, this does not always happen. Finally, for a given channel the choice of an implant from a given set of implants, generally speaking, is ambiguous. In addition to the characteristics and quality of an implant placement proposed here, other methods are possible
Export, Foreign Direct Investment and Gross Domestic Product: Case of the Commonwealth of Independent States Countries and Armenia
Authors: Sargsyan Lilit N.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Export and foreign direct investment have great significance for economic development of the developing and transition countries, like Armenia and the Commonwealth of Independent States countries. As the domestic market of the Republic of Armenia is small, Armenia’s economic development depends on external demand. The aim of this article is to estimate the impact of foreign direct investment and export on gross domestic product of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries and the Republic of Armenia.

Materials and Methods. For the Commonwealth of Independent States countries, regression analysis with panel data was performed using Stata V10 statistical package. For Armenia, correlation and regression analysis was performed, the results of the Granger causality test were revealed. The regression analysis employed the least squares method.

Results. The performed analysis has shown that in the Commonwealth of Independent States countries the export growth of 1 % causes the gross domestic product growth of 0.92 % and the increase in foreign direct investment of 1 % causes the gross domestic product growth of 0.4 %. In the Republic of Armenia, the export growth of 1 unit causes the gross domestic product growth of 8.89 units and the increase in foreign direct investment of 1 unit causes the gross domestic product growth of 1.23 units.

Discussion and Conclusion. Comparison of the obtained results with those of the similar analysis conducted earlier by the author makes it possible to state that in the Commonwealth of Independent States countries the impact of export has decreased while the impact of foreign direct investment has increased. In Armenia, the impact of both export and foreign direct investment is higher than before. The materials of this article may be useful for other researcher studying this issue, as well as for the governments of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries and the Republic of Armenia responsible for the development of the economic policy.
Human Development in Russia: Major Achievements and Threats
Authors: Lipatova Lyudmila N. , Gradusova Valentina N.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. A socially oriented state should strive to provide conditions for the harmonious development of its citizens. The solution of this task is often associated with a number of difficulties and threats, and therefore requires a detailed scientific substantiation. The purpose of this study is to trace the change in Russia’s position in world rankings in terms of humanitarian development, identify the main driving forces, problems and suggest ways to solve them.

Materials and Methods. Data from the United Nations, Federal State Statistics Service of Russia and publications by scientists involved in the study of this problem were used as the materials for this research. The methods of demographic, economic and statistical analysis were employed.

Results. The dynamics of the human potential of Russia has been characterized: in 2018, Russia first entered the group of countries with a very high level of human development. The main problems in human development in the Russian Federation have been identified: low standard of living, long-term permanent decline in real monetary incomes of Russians (2014–2018), a high degree of material inequality, low life expectancy of the population, high excess mortality of certain categories of the population, a sharp drop in the number of students enrolled in higher education programs (per 1,000).

Discussion and Conclusion. In order to strengthen the human potential of Russia, it is necessary to concentrate efforts on overcoming supermortality, increasing productivity and the availability of quality education while reducing infant and maternal mortality, income inequality. The results of the study can be used by the authorities when planning and adjusting socio-economic development programs related to population management, to the organization of health care and education, and the fight against poverty.
Participation of Online Communities in the Formation of Social Capital in the Process of Participatory Design of Architectural and Landscape Space of the City
Authors: Bakharev Victor V. , Demina Victoria A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The purpose of the study was to analyze the state of social capital of the local community, the characteristics of its formation in the process of participating in the design of architectural and landscape space of the city by online communities as the basis for developing an effective social technology to create a comfortable living environment for citizens and one of the most important factors in the formation of the civil society. The research results outlined in the article are of relevance and have scientific and practical significance when introducing local self-government bodies into practice in order to improve the mechanisms of interaction with the actors of online communities and the decision-making process on creating a comfortable architectural and landscape environment of cities.

Materials and Methods. The study used general and particular methods of scientific research, comparative and system analysis, questionnaire survey, analysis of documentary sources.

Results. The state of social capital of three urban communities of the Belgorod Region, formed in the process of participatory design by members of online communities, has been revealed. The levels of formation of ten structural components of social capital were identified in accordance with the research model proposed by the authors of this article. By comparing the identified levels of formation of the social capital components, subordinate connections have been established between them and their hierarchical structure has been identified, which is necessary for the development of social capital formation and reproduction technologies by online communities in the process of participating in designing a comfortable living environment for citizens.

Discussion and Conclusion. An analysis of the results of a sociological study has shown that the participatory design of the architectural and landscape space of the city is an important area of consolidation of the collective activities of the local community; the state of social capital depends on the degree of involvement of online communities in the participatory design of the architectural and landscape space of the city and the process of practical solution of socially significant problems; consolidation of the local community to solve the problems of creating a comfortable architectural and landscape space of the city has been carried out by involving the immediate environment. The research materials will be the basis for creating a social technology for forming a comfortable living environment for citizens at the scientific, organizational, formalized, descriptive, procedural and activity levels.
The Multiplication Method with Scaling the Result for High-Precision Residue Positional Interval Logarithmic Computations
Authors: Korzhavina Anastasia S. , Knyazkov Vladimir S.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The solution of the simulation problems critical to rounding errors, including the problems of computational mathematics, mathematical physics, optimal control, biochemistry, quantum mechanics, mathematical programming and cryptography, requires the accuracy from 100 to 1 000 decimal digits and more. The main lack of high-precision software libraries is a significant decrease of the speed-in-action, unacceptable for practical problems, in particular, when performing multiplication. A way to increase computation performance over very long numbers is using the residue number system. In this work, we discuss a new fast multiplication method with scaling the result using original hybrid residue positional interval logarithmic floating-point number representation.
Materials and Methods. The new way of the organizing numerical information is a residue positional interval logarithmic number representation in which the mantissa is presented in the residue number system, and information on an absolute value (the characteristic) in the interval logarithmic number system that makes it possible to accelerate performance of comparison and scaling is developed to increase the speed of calculations; to compare modular numbers, the provisions of interval analysis are used; to scale modular numbers, the properties of the logarithmic number system and approximate interval calculations using the Chinese reminder theorem are used.
Results. A new fast multiplication method of floating-point residue-represented numbers is developed and patented; the authors evaluated the developed method speed-in action, compared the developed method with classical and pipelined multiplication methods of long numbers.
Discussion and Conclusion. The developed method is 2.4–4.0 times faster than the pipelined multiplication method, and is 6.4–12.9 times faster than classical multiplication methods.
Double jeopardy: Failure to deflate stent balloon in rescue angioplasty
Authors: Trivedi Rutvik
Published: June 2019

Failure to deflate the angioplasty balloon following its inflation during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an unusual complication. We report a case of an undeflatable stent balloon in a 70-year-old male, who underwent PCI for the right coronary artery after failed thrombolysis with streptokinase. After many failed attempts, the patient was cautiously managed by controlled puncture with a stiff guide wire. The procedure was successful without any hemodynamic compromise and ventricular tachycardia.
Perbandingan Peningkatan Laju Nadi dan MAP antara Laringoskopi Menggunakan Bilah Laringoskop Macintosh dan McCoy
Authors: Hutariyus Andy , Fuadi Iwan , Bisri Dewi Yulianti
Published: June 2019

Tindakan laringoskopi dan intubasi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kadar katekolamin di dalam darah sehingga meningkatkan respons hemodinamik seperti takikardia, peningkatan tekanan darah, peningkatan tekanan intrakranial, aritmia, dan perubahan segmen ST. Respons ini bergantung pada seberapa banyak manipulasi di daerah lidah, faring, laring, dan epiglotis pada saat laringoskopi direk. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan peningkatan laju nadi dan mean arterial pressure (MAP) antara laringoskopi intubasi menggunakan bilah Macintosh dan McCoy. Metode penelitian ini adalah uji klinis acak terkontrol buta tunggal pada 40 pasien yang menjalani operasi dengan anestesi umum di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dari bulan Juli hingga Agustus 2018. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok MI laringoskopi intubasi dengan Macintosh dan kelompok MC laringoskopi intubasi dengan McCoy. Data hasil penelitian diuji secara statistik menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan laju nadi dan MAP setelah intubasi pada kelompok McCoy lebih rendah dibanding dengan Macintosh pada menit ke-1, menit ke-2,5, dan menit ke-5 dengan perbedaan signifikan (p˂0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa laringoskopi dengan bilah laringoscop McCoy dapat mengurangi peningkatan laju nadi dan MAP dibanding dengan Macintosh.  Comparison between Laryngoscopy Using Macintosh and McCoy Laryngoscope Blades in Increasing Heart Rate and Mean Arterial PressureLaryngoscopy and intubation often increase hemodynamic responses such as tachycardia, increased blood pressure, increased intracranial pressure, arrhythmia, and changes on the ST segment due to increased blood catecholamines. This response depends on how much the tongue, pharynx, larynx, and epiglottis are manipulated during a direct laryngoscopy. This study was a single blinded randomized controlled trial on 40 patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from July to August 2018. Subjects of study were randomly divided into two groups, Macintosh (MI) and McCoy (MC) groups. Data were analyzed using t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results of this study found that lower heart rate and MAP increases were identified in McCoy group when compared to the Macintosh group in minute 1, minute 2,5, and minute 5 after intubation. Both variables had statistically significant differences (p<0.05). This study concludes that laryngoscopy using McCoy laryngoscope blade was is able to prevent increase in heart rate and MAP compared to Macintosh.
Implementasi Early Warning Score pada Kejadian Henti Jantung di Ruang Perawatan Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung yang Ditangani Tim Code Blue Selama Tahun 2017
Authors: Subhan Nurul , Giwangkencana Gezy Weita , Prihartono M. Andy , Tavianto Doddy
Published: June 2019

Angka kejadian henti jantung di rumah sakit sangat bervariasi. Sebagian besar kasus henti jantung didahului oleh penurunan kondisi pasien yang digambarkan dengan gangguan parameter tanda vital. Keberhasilan Early warning score (EWS) dalam menurunkan angka kejadian henti jantung dipengaruhi oleh implementasi yang baik dari instrumen EWS sesuai dengan pedoman yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat implementasi EWS di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien henti jantung di ruang perawatan yang ditangani oleh tim Code Blue selama tahun 2017, dan dilakukan pada bulan November 2018. Data EWS 6 jam sebelum dan saat henti jantung, serta tindak lanjut yang dilakukan setelah penilaian EWS dicatat. Didapatkan 87 data rekam medis henti jantung yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk eksklusi. Di antaranya, 72% memiliki catatan EWS lengkap, 9% memiliki catatan EWS tidak lengkap, dan 18% tidak memiliki data EWS. Dari 63 data rekam medis yang memiliki data EWS lengkap hanya 21% yang mendapat tindak lanjut yang sesuai dengan standar prosedur operasional EWS. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah implementasi EWS di ruang rawat inap RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin belum cukup memuaskan. Tindak lanjut yang dilakukan setelah penilaian EWS belum sesuai dengan standar prosedur operasional EWS yang berlaku.Implementation of Early Warning Score to Patients with In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Managed  by Code Blue Team Incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest varies greatly around the world. Most in-hospital cardiac arrests are preceded with physiological deteriorations that manifest as alterations in vital signs. The success of early warning score (EWS) in reducing the incidence of cardiac arrest is influenced by the good implementation of EWS instruments by ward staff in accordance with the guidelines The aim of this study was to assess to what degree EWS was implemented at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. This was a cross sectional descriptive study on patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest managed by the code blue team during 2017 that was conducted in November 2018. EWS 6 hour prior to cardiac arrest event, EWS at the event, and action taken upon finding an abnormal value were obtained from medical records.  Eighty seven medical records were included. Of these, 72% medical records had complete EWS data, 9 medical records had incomplete EWS data, and 18% medical records had no EWS recorded. From those 63 medical records with complete EWS recorded, only 21% had been managed correctly according to the EWS guideline. This study concludes that the implementation of EWS in the wards of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung has not been completely satisfactorily. Actions taken after EWS assessment are still not accordance with the EWS guideline.