bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendampingan Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an Bagi Anak Usia Dini Di TPQ Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri
Authors: Huda Misbahul
Published: October 2023

This community service activity is through attracting community participation to allow their children to learn the Koran. The objectives of the activity are; To recognize hijaiyah letters. The coaching program is carried out through assistance in eradicating illiteracy in the Koran through the Iqra method. Initial observations through interviews with religious leaders and several communities stated that children were less interested in the Koran at TPQ because they had to queue for a long time at one Koran teacher so that they felt bored and ended up decreasing their concentration and enthusiasm for learning the Koran. This activity is divided into three classics, namely; Opening activities (early classics), core activities and closing activities (late classics). The existence of a place to study the Koran at the DARUSSALAM Mosque every night, becomes a means to gather and interact with each other, in addition to being a means to meet other children with one another, is also very important for the children of Panggungsari Hamlet. because with this learning facility it can increase knowledge to children, especially in terms of correct and precise reading of the Qur'an through learning Iqra. With this activity as an alternative to learning the Koran, it is very beneficial for children who previously only spent their days playing and with busy parents who sometimes make children less attention from their parents.
Pendampingan Bacaan Al-Fatihah dengan Baik dan Benar Sesuai Ilmu Tajwid di Dusun Kebonrejo Kediri
Authors: Ika Setyowati  , Silvia Shofiyatun Naja
Published: October 2023

This research is a research carried out in order to carry out the tridharma of higher education at the Faqih Asy’ari Islamic Institute (IAIFA) Kediri. This type of research is Community Service Research (PKM). This research will be carried out objectively and researchers will participate in providing assistance. The purpose of this study is to provide assistance in understanding al fatihah readings related to recitation. So that the children of the An-Nur prayer room can read al fatihah with tartil and fashih. The method that will be used in this study uses descriptive research which is a research procedure or problem solving investigated with a description of the subject or object used by people, institutions, communities and others. Therefore, this approach is a means to remind children’s awareness properly and correctly in reading al fatihah according to tajwid. With the descriptive method, the research allows to conduct relationships between variables, test hypotheses related to current circumstances and events.
Klinik Baca Metode Multisensori di Lembaga Kesejahtraan Sosial Anak Budi Mulia Bangunrejo Plosoklaten Kediri
Authors: Kubbatul Choiriyah  , Khoirotul Izzah
Published: October 2023

The Reading Clinic is a forum for students who are still lacking in mastering basic skills, precisely skills in terms of reading and writing which are focused on low grades at LKSA Budi Mulia Plosoklaten The purpose of writing this article is to increase interest in reading in students with multisensory methods for difficulty learning to read and write. The learning method that learners need to help overcome reading difficulties is a method that can function the entire senses to recognize or learn something, namely the mutisensory method. In the study itself, the author chose to use the PAR (Participatory Action Research) method. As a result of this study, some children were able to adapt the material, create works and have a high interest in reading.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik (P3O) Ngembat Gondang Mojokerto
Authors: Fitrotin Jamilah  , Yusuf Suharto
Published: October 2023

This study discusses training in making organic fertilizer in Ngebat Gondang Village, Mojokerto, in 2023 using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. This training aims to increase the understanding of village communities about organic farming practices and the manufacture of organic fertilizers. PAR methods are used to actively engage communities in research and learning processes, enabling them to play a key stakeholder role in developing solutions that are relevant to their local conditions. The results of this study indicate that PAR methods are effective in increasing community participation in training and helping them adopt agricultural practices organic more effectively. Understanding of the manufacture of organic fertilizers increased significantly, resulting in increased agricultural productivity and reduced use of chemical fertilizers. In addition, close collaboration between village communities, researchers and village government played an important role in the success of this initiative. The results not only create positive changes in farming practices, but also inspire other communities to adopt sustainable practices, creating opportunities for more sustainable agriculture and a healthier environment in the future.
Pendampingan Proses Produk Halal (PPH) dalam Program Sertifikasi Halal Gratis (SEHATI) pada Produk Pisang Keju Raja Rasa Ponorogo
Authors: Sup Devid Frastiawan Amir
Published: October 2023

Umat ​​Islam menginginkan setiap produk wajib memiliki sertifikasi halal, artinya telah memenuhi standar kelayakan dan sesuai dengan syarat halal suatu produk menurut agama Islam. Masa penahapan pertama kewajiban sertifikat halal akan berakhir pada 17 Oktober 2024. Terdapat 3 (tiga) kelompok produk yang harus sudah bersertifikat halal seiring dengan berakhirnya penahapan pertama tersebut, produk makanan dan minuman, bahan baku, bahan tambahan pangan, dan bahan penolong untuk produk makanan dan minuman, serta produk hasil sembelihan dan jasa penyembelihan. Pendampingan PPH merupakan kegiatan untuk membantu pelaku usaha mikro dan kecil dalam memenuhi persyaratan pernyataan kehalalan produk. Pelaku usaha yang didampingi adalah Bapak Mariadi, dengan jenis produk berupa buah dan sayur dengan pengolahan dan penambahan bahan tambahan pangan dengan merek dagang Pisang Keju Raja Rasa Ponorogo. Dalam pengajuan sertifikasi halal ini, Bapak Mariadi mengalami kesulitan dalam menggunakan komputer/laptop dan internet. Metode pendampingan yang dilakukan adalah pengumpulan data pelaku usaha, identifikasi produk, identifikasi bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam produk, penyusunan alur proses produksi, submit data melalui laman https://ptsp.halal.go.id, verifikasi dan validasi data oleh Pendamping PPH, dan pemantauan status pengajuan hingga terbit sertifikat halal. Berdasarkan hasil pendampingan yang dilakukan, produk tersebut dinyatakan memenuhi persyaratan untuk mendapatkan sertifikat halal dari Program SEHATI. Proses pengajuan sertifikasi halal ini dimulai pada tanggal 24 Mei 2022 dan terbit sertifikat halal pada tanggal 12 September 2022 dengan nomor sertifikat ID35110000328590622 dengan masa berlaku hingga 22 Juli 2026.
Pendampingan Peningkatan Kompetensi Profesional Guru PAI melalui Metode STEAM di SMP Plus Al-Qodiri Jember
Authors: Ansori Muhamad
Published: October 2023

A good teacher is a teacher who is able to carry out his duties properly, in this case a teacher must understand and carry out various kinds of competencies that exist and must be achieved by a teacher. One of the competencies that must be possessed by teachers is professional competence, which means that a teacher must have a broad and deep mastery of learning materials so that learning can run well and achieve learning objectives. At the SMP Plus Al-Qodiri institution, PAI teachers hone students' cognitive abilities still using classical methods, so that sometimes learning is still centered on the teacher and students get bored easily and learning and teaching activities are less effective. Therefore, one of the efforts to create creative, innovative, comfortable, and enjoyable learning is the Professionalism Training and Assistance for teachers through STEAM. STEAM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics. The approach in this assistance applies the Asset Based Community Development approach. The ABCD approach is a service method that seeks to develop an Asset-Based Community (potential), in which case the assets developed are asset teachers. Implementation of empowerment through five stages, namely the stages of Define, Discovery, Dream, Design and Deliver. The result of this assistance is the development of the quality of human resource assets for PAI teachers at SMP Plus Al-Qodiri Jember in creating and implementing STEAM in learning, so as to create active, effective, efficient, innovative and systematic learning in the classroom.
Pemberdayaan Kegiatan TPQ Bagi Lansia di Desa Jatirejo Kecamatan Jumapolo Kabupaten Karanganyar Tahun 2023
Authors: Sugiyat
Published: October 2023

Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala menciptakan manusia dengan bentuk yang sempurna. Ia berbeda dengan makhluk Sang Kuasa yang lain. Hanya manusia yang memiliki akal          dan nafsu.  Oleh karena itu hendaknya manusia mengetahui akan tugas dan kewajibannya sebagai makhluk ciptaan Allah. Merujuk pada QS. Al-Baqarah ayat 30 yang menyebutkan bahwa manusia ditunjuk oleh Allah sebagai khalifah dibumi, maka manusia mengemban tugas untuk memelihara bumi dan menjaga ketentramannya.
Harmonisasi Antar Umat Beragama Dalam Negara Multi Agama Dalam Perspektif Al-Quran
Authors: Abd. Muqit
Published: October 2023

Intolerance in the name of religion is still common in this country. Excessive religious fanaticism and lack of religious knowledge are among the contributing factors. Likewise, politics wrapped in religion is still often done by some politicians, which in turn causes rifts between nations. Therefore this article will discuss the harmonization of religious communities in multi-religious and ethnic countries in the perspective of the Koran by using interdisciplinary thematic interpretation methods. The results of the study concluded that the differences in religion and ethnicity were sunnatullah. In building harmony among religious communities, the Koran encourages fair and good relations between religious communities, makes friends, does not berate each other, does not impose certain religions, carry out the teachings of each other's religion and does not interfere with other people's religions.
Ilmu Maqashid Dalam Tradisi Pemikiran Ulama Ushul
Authors: Fadila Sidiq Permana
Published: October 2023

In religion, there are universal values that can not be hit by nash-nash that are particular. This means that religious teachings that are more universal must take precedence over laws of a particular nature. In understanding the universal religious teachings the scholars have formulated five basic benefits in religion. These five things include the benefit of religion, soul, reason, offspring, and wealth. As for exploring specific particular evidence, we need to understand the concept of understanding the reason ('illat) of teaching. This requires a search of the books by ushul scholars that discuss many things related to maqashid al-sharia, fiqh rules, and the search process 'illat. This is done so that the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah are more alive, dynamic, and flexible to answer the times.
Studi Penafsiran Surat Al-Isra’ Ayat 23-24 Tentang Pendidikan Birru al-Walidain
Authors: Rofi’atul Afifah  , Rizki Dwi Oktavia  , Aning Zainun Qoni’ah
Published: October 2023

Birrul Walidain education is one of the most important factors in ideal character education. The creation of a generation that has good character is a dream for parents to their children. Birrul walidain education is very influential on adab to parents. In the Qur'an, Allah SWT has explained many verses related to Birrul Walidain. Allah tells the story of a mother's struggle so that a child can know the struggle of a mother so that she can repay him by being kind to him and not being disobedient to him, even if one of them is not to say "ah" which has been explained in Surah al-Isra verse 23. Verse 23, there are several prohibitions in the words of Uffin, prohibition of shouting with harsh words, saying with noble words. The Qur'an and the Sunnah emphasize Birrul Walidain as an obligation. The rights and obligations of respecting, obeying and doing good to both parents are not only because both of them are a factor in their existence or because both of them first did good deeds to them so that they are obliged to repay them equally, but because Allah Himself obliges them to obey them This explains how much Islamic concern for both parents.
Pandangan Al-Qur’an dalam Beragama
Authors: Komaru Zaman  , Ahmat Fuat Rifangi
Published: October 2023

Humans are created with a wide variety of ethnicities and diversity, therefore it is impossible for humans to have the same personality and character. So that to direct it, humans really need religion so that in their life there is harmony even though they come from various circles, different races and races As the Qur'an has explained clearly: “And if your god wills, surely the faith of all the people on earth throughout it So do you (want) to force people so that they become people who believe all for them.”
Analisis Hukum pada Menerima Upah Mengajar Al-Qur'an Menurut Fiqh Hanafi dan Fiqh Asy-Syafi'i Studi Kasus Kecamatan Medan Deras Kabupaten Batu Bara
Authors: Ramadina Wardah , Syam Syafruddin , Ramadani Ramadani
Published: October 2023

Wages are a right that must be paid to workers as compensation for the work they have done. Islam provides guidelines that the payment of wages is made upon completion of a job. The aim of this research is to find out what the opinions of Hanafi fiqh and Ash-Shafi'i fiqh are regarding receiving wages for teaching the Koran and to find out which opinion is the most persistent between the opinions of Hanafi fiqh and the opinion of Ash-Shafi'i fiqh. The type of research used is normative sociological research using a descriptive and comparative approach and the raw material sources used in this research are primary and secondary material sources. The results of this research are that between Hanafi fiqh and Ash-Shafi'i fiqh there are differences of opinion regarding receiving wages for teaching the Koran. The Hanafi fiqh opinion does not allow receiving wages for teaching the Koran, while the Ash-Shafi'i fiqh opinion allows receiving wages for teaching the Koran.
Ethno-Religious Diversity in Nigeria Academic libraries: Role of swarm intelligence on teams
Authors: Adetayo Adebowale Jeremy , Lawal Folashade Munirat , Enamudu Augustine I , Gbotoso Arinola Oluwatoyin
Published: October 2023

This article explores how Swarm intelligence (SI) addresses academic library team limitations, amplifies library teams' intelligence and facilitates better library service decisions. It demonstrates how libraries can use SI to harness the diverse perspectives that individual personnel bring to groups and facilitate convergence upon decisions. A thorough analysis of literature was conducted. Discoveries from literature were then used to construct a Swarm intelligence model applicable to the library. Findings indicate that librarians must continue to strategize through Swarm intelligence to position themselves for better decision-making, increased innovation and increased productivity. Swarm intelligence is a vital parameter for managing teams in a diverse library. Due to the striking collective feats that many animals can produce, the study of animal swarm intelligence is a crucial area for inspiration that offers the library a unique potential for transformation. The paper is valuable as it explores the application of swarm intelligence on teams in diverse library settings
Balancing Profession and Family: A Survey of Female Library Professionals with Children
Authors: Brown Lesley , Yaukey Suzanna
Published: October 2023

More women are delaying having children until they complete their university education. Due to this, there are more women with young children working and more women of childbearing age in the workforce than at any other time. In this study, we investigate whether female library professionals delay career opportunities based on family planning or managing childcare. By investigating questions related to female library professionals’ pursuit of career opportunities based on the age of their children, the study shows the connection between perceived barriers and competing obligations that women contend with during the most professionally productive years of their lives.
Effects of Climate Change on Women's Food Security in Mwea East Sub-County, Kirinyaga County, Kenya
Authors: Mwai Eva , Ojore Aloys , Tobias Nyumba
Published: October 2023

Climate change has had adverse impacts on people’s lives and the economies of nations across the globe. This research examined the effects of climate change on socio-economic development of women in Mwea East sub-county, Kirinyaga County. The study was conducted in Ngucwi sub Location, Murinduko Ward, and explored how climate change events continue to threaten food security among women. The study used descriptive research design and integrated qualitative and quantitative approaches. The researcher used purposive sampling to select Mwea East sub County which has experienced frequency and severity of climate change events of drought. Cluster sampling was used to divide the sample among the different villages and systematic random sampling to select households in each village. Out of the population of 38,734 women of ages 18 years to 69 years; a sample size of 449 was calculated. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data and key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used to gather qualitative information. Quantitative data from questionnaires was analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis while thematic and content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was also used as a tool for analysing data. The study found that climate change was negatively related to food security, a relationship that was statistically significant. The study findings may provide policy and decision-makers with useful information to guide the design of appropriate social-economic programmes, plans and policies to protect women from the adverse effects of climate change.
Herding Behavior in Security Market and Portfolio Management
Authors: Sabbaghi Asghar , Demik Joshua
Published: October 2023

This study will examine the herding behavior in security market and its impact on the security pricing and overall market return as well as individual returns. Herding is known as an excessive irrational tendency of investors ignoring the fundamental information presented to them that act together in the markets (Gębka & Wohar 2013). Herding can directly lead to the security market distress and to the increase in trading volatility.  In this study, we will examine how the security market under this irrational tendency would directly affect the prices of securities, and returns on individual’s portfolios.
Valuation Effects of REIT Mergers During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Seongsu David , Chatterjee Swarn
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the valuation effect of mergers, which in general supports the notion of a synergistic agglomeration. The shock that the Covid-19 pandemic posed upon the real estate industry presented an opportunity for financially stronger REITs to acquire some of the struggling firms using their free cash flows. This study covers the entire year of 2020, starting with when Covid-19 was first acknowledged as a public health emergency until the vaccines were approved. By applying a standard event study method, we assess five different return measures of the bidder, target, and their combined outcomes to test two competing merger motivations based on building empires or creating synergies. Here, we find evidence for the support of the empire-building hypothesis. We also find that cash-cash merger deals were negatively associated with the bidding firm’s returns compared to cash-stock mergers. Thus, contrary to the prevalent finding in the merger literature that mergers are mostly synergistic, our study finds that the Covid-19 pandemic facilitated empire-building mergers. This study is amongst the first to examine REIT mergers during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Requirements of Chickens for Nutritional Compounds for Growth, An advanced Nutritional outlook
Authors: Ameen Qana H. , Mohammed Mohammed A. , Ameen Samira H. , Alsaadi Sarmad A.
Published: October 2023

The science of nutrition includes the provision of balanced nutrients that meet the need of chickens (animal) to grow, maintain and continue production, and for economic reasons, these foodstuffs should be at the lowest prices, so we should provide these materials only with what the nutritional requirements need without a significant increase. However, we must provide some nutrients at higher levels in practical situations, in order to try to meet the shortage of some food components The costs of feeding chickens represent 60-70% of the total expenses in poultry projects, so the nutritionist's goal is to obtain the highest production at the lowest possible costs while making use of feed materials whenever possible. And the nutritionist must form a relationship in which all the nutrients that the bird needs are available, whether for the production of meat, table eggs or hatching eggs. In this review, we will review the basics of feeding poultry birds, the most commonly used feed materials, the nutritional needs of each bird according to its type, age, production status, how to form leeches and models of leeches that can be used, as well as diseases caused by a lack of various nutrients.
The effect of partial or total substitution of raw or roasted domestic sesame seeds in laying hens on the qualitative qualities of eggs
Authors: Al-Qaisi Ali H. , Ameen Qana H.
Published: October 2023

A study was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture at the University of Kirkuk. The study involved seven treatments, each with 24 chickens, and six replicates per treatment, with four chickens in each replicate. The experimental period lasted for 20 weeks. The birds were fed different diets: the control diet contained 100% soybean meal, the second treatment replaced 33% of the soybean meal with raw local sesame seed meal, the third treatment replaced 66% of the soybean meal with raw local sesame seed meal, the fourth treatment replaced 100% of the soybean meal with raw local sesame seed meal, the fifth treatment replaced 33% of the soybean meal with roasted sesame seed meal, the sixth treatment replaced 66% of the soybean meal with roasted sesame seed meal, and the seventh treatment replaced 100% of the soybean meal with roasted sesame seed meal. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that there were no significant differences (P≤0.05) between any of the experimental treatments and the control treatment in most of the qualitative characteristics of the eggs. These characteristics included the egg shape index, percentage of white weight, whiteness index rate and air unit. It was found that there were significant differences during the second, third and fifth period in the average thickness of the cortex, However, when considering the total amount of protein in the eggs, all of the experimental treatments showed superiority compared to the control treatment.
The Impact of Organic Fertilizers and Growth stimulators on Leaf Chemical Composition of Pomegranate Seedlings (Selimi Cultivar)
Authors: Hades Suha A. , Saleh Ehsan F.
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted in the nursery of the Department of Horticulture and landscape, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, during the growing season 2022, on one year old pomegranate seedlings cv. Salimi, in order to know the impact of organic fertilizer (sheep waste) with three levels (M0=control, M1=20%, and M2=40%), and some stimuli with eight levels (S0=control, S1=5000 mg L-1 glucose, S2=100 mg L-1 IBA, S3=200 mg L-1 IBA, S4=100 mg L-1 NAA, S5=200 mg L-1 NAA, S6= 6 ml seedlings-1 Taravert Evo and S7=12 ml seedlings-1 Taravert Evo) in the chemical Composition of the leaves of these seedlings. A factorial experiment according to (RCBD) with two factors. The results showed that M2 treatment significant effect in the chemical characteristics of the leaves in N, P, K, carbohydrates and the C:N ratio reached 2.34, 0.24, 1.46, 11.74 and 5.08%. The application of growth stimulators enhanced seedlings growth, where Taravert Evo gave the best results in the leaf content of N, P, and K. As for the interaction between the treatments, the M2S6 interaction treatment achieved a significant superiority in the leaf content of N, P, K, carbohydrates and C:N ratio.
Response of some maize genotypes traits (Zea mays L.) to Nano NPK fertilizer
Authors: Hussien Saeed E. , Ahmed Khalid K.
Published: October 2023

A factorial experiment was conducted through fall season 2022 in the Bani Magan area belonging to the Directorate of Agriculture of Chamchamal and affiliated to the General Directorate of Agriculture of Sulaymaniyah using randomized complete block design in split plot system with three replication, to know the effect of three concentrations (0, 2, and 4) g.L-1 of nano-sama NPK and the response of seven genotypes of maize crop to some growth traits and total yield, and the following results were obtained: The concentration of 4g L-1 NPK nano-compound fertilizer was significantly surpassed for the characteristics of the duration from sowing up to 50% of male flowering, plant height, ear height, and total grain yield. The two genotypes (Yugoslavian and DKC6664) were significantly surpassed for period from sowing to 50% male flowering, and the genotype (DKC6664) was significantly surpassed for the period from sowing to 50% female flowering (day(.The two genotypes (Babylon and Bahia) were significantly surpassed for plant height, the genotype (Bahia) for ear height, the genotypes (Sangunto, Bahia and Babel) for leaf area, and the two genotypes (DKC6664 and Erbil 215481) for grain yield Total and the effect of combination between, treatment 2g.L-1. and genotype (Yugoslav) had the least number of days 50% of the female flowering, and the combination between the fertilizer level 2 and 4 g.L-1 and genotype (DKC6664) had the least number of days 50% of the female flowering, and the combination between the fertilizer level was 4 g. L-1 with genotype (Babylon) significant in plant height and fertilizer level 4g. L-1 with genotype (Bahia) in ear height character and control treatment. The level of fertilizer is 2 and 0 g.l-1 with genotypes (Bahia) in the characteristic of leaf area, and the level of fertilizer is 4 g.l-1 with genotype (Erbil 215481) in total grain yield.
Effect of encapsulated organic acid (GALLINAT +) supplementation with diet on physiological parameters and performance of broiler at different ages.
Authors: Ahmed Banaz K. , Aziz Atoof A.
Published: October 2023

The experiment was carried out from October 14 through November 24, 2021, in a private farm next to Qamchughah hamlet in Dukan town, 15 kilometers from Sulaymani City. This study was conducted to determine effects of using organic acids to diet will impact physiological parameters and production efficiency of broiler chicks. From a total of 400 broiler chicks (ross 308), 42-one day chicks divided to 4 treatments (C, T1, T2, and T3), each of which had four replications. A diet free of organic acid served as a control. Organic acid was added to the treatments T1, T2, and T3 at rates of 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg/kg of diet, respectively. From 0 to 42 days, the organic acid was introduced to the meal. Body weight gain in T1, T2, and T3 birds was significantly higher (P 0.05) than in the other groups (T1, T2, and T3). Although FCR was significant (P0.05) in weeks 4 and 5, it was not significant (P>0.05) in 6 weeks of age compared to treatment 1. With the exception of T2 in the fourth week, which was not significant (P>0.05), feed intake was significantly higher in weeks 4, 5, and 6. Non-significant (P>0.05) cholesterol level on the fourth week. Creatinine and calcium did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between weeks 4 and 6, however calcium did differ significantly (P0.05) from week 6. The uric acid had no significant (P>0.05) effects.
A comparative study on the effect of the, local hawthorn leaf powder, with the mixture of liquid enhancers (Garlimmune) on the physiological characteristics of the blood of broiler chickens
Authors: Abed Kahlan A. , Al-Neemi Mohammed I. , Mustafa Nidal i A.
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted in the Poultry Farm for KYSAR Company in Erbil City and aimed to determine the effect, adding of the single Powder of Hawthorn tree leafs PHTL with or without adding mixed Garlimmune liquid to Obtain the Synergism effect upon physiological blood parameters for ROSS-308 broiler. In this experiment randomly distributed 144 unsexed one-day age broilers to 6 treatments with three replicates for each. The system of feeding was ad libitum and the drinking water was available and the average live weight of the chicks was 40 gm. The nutritional treatments were as follow. T1, basal diet (Control I diet), T2: basal diet with 0.025 % of PHTL, T3: basal diet with 0.50% of PHTL, T4: basal diet and the drinking water contained liquid Garlimmune as 0.50ml per100 liter. T5: basal diet with 0.25% of PHTL and the drinking Wart Contained liquid Garlimmune as 0.50ml per N100 water, T6: The basal diet with 0.50% of PHTL and drinking water contained liquid Garlimmune as 0.50ml per 100 drinking water. The Statistical analysis for the serum bio chemical parameters obtained significantly (P ≤0.05) depression of the cholesterol and Triglycerides for the 2,3,4,5, and 6th treatments serum by comparing with control group birds the Serum by comparing with control group birds. The serum total protein percentage for the 3rd treatment was significantly (P ≤0.05) bigger than another treatments and average for the same parameter for the serum of control group birds was less from all treatments, while the low density lipoproteins for the serum of 6th treatment birds were significantly (P ≤0.05) less than control treatment birds. There was no significantly difference between the serum cef the all treatments birds for the values of albumin and globulin.
Heritability and Genetic Correlation Between Productive and Biochemical Traits of White Japanese Quail
Authors: AL-Hadeedy Ismail Y. , Mohammed Ayhan K. , AL-Tikriti Samwal S.
Published: October 2023

Studying heritability and genetic correlation between traits is important to improvement genetic programs and indirect selection, for that, this study was conducted in the poultry field of Animal Production department - College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk for the period from 28/3/2022 to 15/1/2023, to study heritability and genetic correlation between production and biochemical traits of white Japanese quail. One day hatched white quail chicks were obtained from College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk, and reared for 35 days until reaching sexual maturity. Then chicks were randomly distributed to 30 families, with a male and a female for each family for two generations. Simple correlation between productive traits and blood biochemical were estimated, and heritability using full sibs method by variance between dam and total variances. The results of the study showed that there was a highly and significant genetic correlation between estrogen hormone in blood serum, egg production and egg mass, while a negative and highly significant genetic correlation was found between estrogen hormone and feed conversion ratio. Heritability values for productive and blood biochemical traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.42 and they considered within mediate heritability. The study recommended to use of selection programs and indirect genetic improvement based on some blood biochemical values (estrogens, total protein and glucose) due to their positive and significant association with productive traits of white Japanese quail.
Comparison between Simbio, Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on the Yield and quantitate traits of Wheat Triticum aestivum L. on Nutrient Balance
Authors: Sulaiman Alan Hawez H. , Dizayee Alwand
Published: October 2023

The study involves a field experiment that will be conducted at the Ankawa field Directorate of Agricultural Research - Erbil in the growing season of 2021–2022, 10 km to the north of Erbil City (36.2463 N, 43.9931 E, and 420 m above mean sea level). To investigate the effect of three different types of fertilizers (simbio, organic, and chemical) with three different concentration levels (B0 B1 B2, O0 O1 O2, and C0 C1 C2) with three replications. The field experiment consists of 81 plots (27 * 3) using factorial split plot design. The wheat yield ranged from (3.02-5.56 Mg ha-1) the highest yield was in the plot (B2O2C2) and the lowest was in the plot (B0O0C0), moreover, the weight of 1000 gm ranged from (33.48-39.11), the highest and the lowest was the same as the yield plots. The concentration of NPK in the flag leaf of wheat ranged from (2.91-3.99 mg kg-1), (0.11-0.14 mg kg-1), and (1.62-1.82 mg kg-1) respectively.
Performance of grafting loquats combined onto loquat and quince rootstocks on different dates
Authors: Aziz Rasul R. , Hama-Salih Fakhraddin M. , Noori Ibrahim M.
Published: October 2023

This study was carried out during February 20 to July 1, 2023, at the lath house in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, and aimed to investigate the impact of rootstock type and grafting time on grafting success of loquat on two rootstocks, loquat and quince, which were used for grafting the local selection cultivar of loquat at three different times (February 20, March 10, and March 30) during the dormant season. The experiment was laid down in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), involving 6 treatments, each with 5 grafts and 3 replications, resulting in 90 grafts. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range tests (P≤0.05). The loquat and quince rootstocks were grown through seed sowing and cuttings, respectively. Cleft grafting was employed as the grafting method, ensuring the cambium layers of the scion and stock in contact. Grafting success percentage, shoot length, shoot diameter, number of leaves per budling, leaf area, and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Results showed that loquat rootstock exhibited a significantly higher grafting success percentage (97.78%) compared to quince rootstock (84.44%). Regarding vegetative traits, loquat rootstock resulted in significantly longer shoots (11.74 cm) compared to quince rootstock (8.08 cm). The same rootstock showed a higher number of leaves per budling (8.47) and chlorophyll content (43.82 SPAD). Also, the highest significant grafting success percentage (100%) was achieved from the combination of loquat rootstock and two grafting times (February 20 and March 30). The combination of rootstock type and grafting time led to varying shoot characteristics.
The effect of adding weights and the forward speed of the agricultural tractor on some mechanical properties using the moldboard plow
Authors: Hussein Thanoon Y. , Alrijabo Saad A.
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted during the agricultural season (2017-2018) and the size distribution of soil particles was (10.5% sand, 51.7 clay, 38.25 silt) so soil texture is clay soil to find out the effect of adding weights on the wheels of the agricultural tractor using the moldboard plow by measuring some indicators, including the drawbar power, soil resistance penetration, tillage depth achieved, and the soil disturbed volume and the field was divided according to a split plot arrangement under Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results of the study showed that the addition of weights on the wheels of the tractor (310) kg recorded the lowest value for drawbar power and highest value for the tillage depth achieved, and the soil disturbed volume, while not adding weights (0) recorded the lowest value for the soil resistance penetration. The forward speed (3.3) km.h-1 excelled in recording the lowest value of the drawbar power and highest value of tillage depth achieved, while the third speed (7.7) km.h-1 excelled in recording the highest value of the soil disturbed volume and the lowest value of soil resistance penetration. The interaction between adding weights on the wheels of the tractor (310) kg and the forward speed (3.3) km.h-1 registry the less value the drawbar power and the highest value for soil resistance penetration and tillage depth achieved, while the addition of weights on the wheels tractor (310) kg and the forward speed (7.7) km.h-1 registry the highest value of the soil disturbed volume.
Effect of Added Weights on Tractor Rear Tires and Soil Moisture Content on Some Indicators of Mechanical Unit Performance During Moldboard Plowing
Authors: Hussein Thanoon Y. , Alrijabo Saad A.
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted to find out the effect of adding weights on the wheels of the agricultural tractor and soil moisture content using the moldboard plow by measuring some mechanical properties, including the drawbar power,fuel consumption, soil bulk density , irregularity index of tillage depth as a percentage and the soil disturbed volume in the cultivation season (2017-2018)in one of the agricultural fields with soil of clay texture which is located in the northeast of Mosul city. and the texture of the soil was clay the field was divided according to a split plot arrangement under Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results of the study showed that the soil moisture content (14-16)% achieved fewer values for drawbar power, fuel consumption, irregularity index of tillage depth as a percentage and soil bulk density and the higher values for soil disturbed volume, while, the adding weights on tractor wheels of (310)kg gave the less values for drawbar power, fuel consumption, soil bulk density and Irregularity index of tillage depth as a percentage and higher values for treated soil volume, also the interaction between the soil moisture content (14-16)% with adding weights on tractor wheels (310)kg achieved the less values for each drawbar power, fuel consumption, soil bulk density and Irregularity index of tillage depth as a percentage, and the higher values for soil disturbed volume .
Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Rainfall and Evapotranspiration in Erbil Plain and the Peripheral Areas
Authors: rashid khalis J. , Karim Tariq H.
Published: October 2023

Since analysis of spatial events is region specific and cannot be generalized, local studies are of vital importance to identify the most accurate interpolation methods. Furthermore, the trend analysis of climatic parameters at different time scales is helpful for making a better climate change adaptation and mitigation plan to overcome water scarcity. Accordingly, the current study was proposed to detect trends in rainfall and evapotranspiration at monthly and annual time scales over the Erbil plain and the surrounding area using parametric and non-parametric tests. Moreover, four deterministic and five geostatistical methods were evaluated for searching the best interpolation method to generate a continuous surface for the indicated climatic variables. The results revealed that the majority of data sets are categorized useful class and serially independent. Furthermore, it was found both rainfall and potential evapotranspiration have a mix of upward and downward trends and most of them are insignificant at 5% level of significance. Further, the interpolation analysis indicated that local polynomial interpolation (LPI) method was proven to be best interpolator for generating continuous surfaces for rainfall and ETo over the area under study followed by the empirical Bayesian Kriging method.
An Econometric Analysis of the Factors Affecting Sustainable Agricultural Development in Iraq for the period (1990-2020)
Authors: Abdulah Liyth I. Kh. , Latif Bassim F.
Published: October 2023

Agricultural investments, agricultural capital accumulations and average per capita agricultural product are considered as important factors in raising levels of sustainable agricultural development, and it is important to quantify the relationship among these factors. The study aimed to measure the impact of some factors affecting sustainable agricultural development in Iraq. The variables used in this study are agricultural investment, accumulated agricultural capital and the average per capita agricultural product as independent variables, while sustainable agricultural development represents the dependent variable. The data for these variables are the time series covered the period from 1990 to 2020 obtained from Ministry of Planning - Central Statistical Organization (COS), Statistical Group for the years (1990-2020). The Johansen's cointegration method was used to estimate the long-run equilibrium relationship among the study variables, and the Toda-Yamamato methodology was used to test the causality. The results showed the weak levels of sustainable agricultural development in Iraq during the period (1990-2020), as it did not exceed (0.160), and the reason for this may be due to the failure of most development indicators to keep pace with the increase in population as well as the unstable political and security conditions that faced Iraq during this period. Also, there is a long-run equilibrium relationship among these variables, as an average per capita agricultural product can causes the sustainable agricultural in the long-run, which requires the Ministry of Agricultural to promote the agricultural sector and pay more attention to the agricultural product, which seems to be one of the sources of sustainable agricultural development in the long-run. The research also recommends encouraging agricultural investments and overcoming obstacles towards targeted investments to promote the agricultural sector, especially investment in agricultural land reclamation, encouraging agricultural workers to maintain their work.
The Effect of Spraying with the Foliar Nutrient NPK MILLER on the Mineral and Chemical Content of Two Varieties of Young Grape Seedlings Shatur Al-anz and Olivette Noire (Vitis vinifera L)
Authors: Al-Salame Idris H. , Al Douri Mahmoud F. L.
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted in the grape orchard/Horticulture and Landscape Department, College of Agriculture - Tikrit University. During the growing season (2022) with the aim of knowing the effect of spraying with the foliar nutrient NPK MILLER on the mineral and chemical contents of the leaves of young vines of Shatur Al-anz and Olivette noire varieties. The experiment was carried out with the split plot system according to the factor design of the randomized complete block Design (RCBD), the first factor was spraying with the NPK MILLER foliar nutrient (0, 3, 6) g liter-1, the spraying repeated three times with 15 days between each other. The first treatment was on 15/4/2022, the Second one includes grape varieties (Shatur Al-anz and Olivette noire). The spraying with foliar nutrient achieved a significant effect in most mineral and chemical content characteristics, especially the F2 (6 g liter-1), treatment, which achieved the highest levels in the content of the leaves of the elements N, P and K and the percentage of carbohydrates and protein in the leaves, and values amounted respectively (2.03, 0.37, 2.18, 7.29, 12.66 %), and the difference of the two varieties under study led to a significant effect in some of the studied traits, as the Olivette noire variety significantly outperformed the Shatur Al-anz in the content of the leaves N and protein, While the Shatur Al-anz variety significantly outperformed the Olivette noire variety in the content of the leaves of Chlorophyll. The study aimed to determine the effect of the best level of NPK MILLER foliar nutrients on the mineral and chemical content of two grape vine varieties.
An analytical study of the climatic elements in Bazian region - Sulaymaniyah for the period from 1985 - 2022 and its impact on the planting dates of some crops
Authors: Abdulrahman Akram M.
Published: October 2023

During a field study in Bazian Plain which is one of the most important agricultural areas in Sulaymaniyah it became clear that current scenario is linked to rapid climate change directly. Arid and semi-arid ecosystems are likely to be particularly affected by changes in wind speed and vapour pressure regimes, changes in those regimes may show from climate data that vapour pressure has clearly increased during these years. For instance, in January and February of 2017 wind speed reached 8 and 9 (m. sec.-1). Sulaymaniyah Meteorology Department reported a lesser speed of 0.1 (m. sec.-1) in the months 4, 5, 6 and 9, on average the greatest rates of 3.1 and 2.2 (m. sec.-1) in 1985 and 1992. on the other hand, in 1991 recorded the lowest rate of (1 m. sec.-1) amounts and times of precipitation during the study years, floods occurred in some seasons the dry seasons less than 300 (ml) were very few, while the remaining seasons were more than 450 (ml) rainfall amounts in the seasons 2006-2007, 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 were among the driest seasons during the years of the study Which was straight (66000, 87000, 86000) dunam. as the agricultural areas were reduced to their lowest levels, although the levels of precipitation were acceptable. The data gathered found that the average annual temperature rate has increased by over 1.3(°C) with the warmest year for this time being recorded in 2010 at 21.55(°C). Sunshine was the lowest in terms of the number of daylight hours in December with total annual averages for the period 1985-2022 for December being 184.4 (hours) 1996 was the lowest with 2.3 (hr.) and 2018 was also the second lowest with a value of 3.3 (hr.) During the decades of the study period, wheat growing seasons advanced mostly to November, and in recent decades (2011-2020) (2010-2009) 20 farmers plant in December to ensure rainfall.
Taxonomic study of pollen grains for five species of Fabaceae Family
Authors: Bapir Naznaz N. , Galalaey Ali M.
Published: October 2023

The objective of the study was to provide valuable palynological characteristics for the identification of Fabaceae taxa, which could potentially serve as distinguishing features for closely related species differentiation. Pollen samples were collected from fully developed flowers of 25 samples, encompassing five species within the Fabaceae Family Colutea cilicica Boiss. & Balansa, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Spartium junceum L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., and Anagyris foetida L. The investigation involved the utilization of both light microscopy and electron scanning microscopy. Consequently, the observed pollen grains exhibited monad symmetry and were of medium to small dimensions. These grains displayed diverse ornamentation patterns including perforations, fossulate, reticulations, regular structures, and granulations. Moreover, a wide array of outline shapes was noted for pollen grains in both equatorial and polar views. Detailed examinations were performed using both light microscopy (LM) and electron scanning microscopy (SEM) techniques, revealing distinct differentiating characteristics among the examined taxa.