bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A clinical case of the triple targeted therapy in a patient with cystic fibrosis complicated with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Stezhkina Elena V. , Umerov Yurij A. , Solovyova Sophya S. , Terekhina Tatiana A. , Smirnova Vera V.
Published: January 2025

Cystic fibrosis is a systemic autosomal recessive disease manifested by damage to the exocrine glands due to dysfunction of the CFTR gen. The primary defect leads to insufficiency of all exocrine glands with multiple organ manifestations, among which the respiratory system, digestive tract and exocrine parts of the pancreas, as well as the liver, are especially severely affected. Classical basic therapy for cystic fibrosis is symptomatic. Currently, the most modern is pathogenetic targeted therapy using CFTR modulators. The presence of the F508del mutation in a heterozygous or homozygous state is critical for the use of this therapy. CFTR modulators are metabolized in the liver, which makes it necessary to take drugs with caution if it is affected. The article presents a clinical case of the use of fixed targeted therapy with Ivacaftor (75 mg) + Tezacaftor (25 mg) + Elexacaftor (100 mg) and Ivacaftorin (150 mg) a patient with cystic fibrosis complicated by cirrhosis of the liver. The patient’s clinical picture showed progressive multi-organ lesions with a leading clinical problem in the form of liver cirrhosis with signs of portal hypertension and hepatic failure. The presence of the F508del mutation in a heterozygous state made it possible to use fixed targeted combination, but the potential hepatotoxicity of this drug raised concerns. On the other hand, pre-existing liver damage is one of the manifestations of cystic fibrosis, so we can expect at least a slowdown in the progression of liver damage against the background of targeted therapy. By the council decision in June 2022, it was decided to start targeted therapy for vital indications. This case illustrates the success of this triple targeted combination in a child with cystic fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver, which is a unique observation. Experience in the use of this combination for treatment of cystic fibrosis complicated by cirrhosis of the liver is extremely scarce, therefore, long-term follow-up of the patient is required to assess its efficacy and safety in the long term.
Videonystagmography in the diagnosis of oculomotor disorders
Authors: Belyakova-Bodina Aleksandra I. , Bril Ekaterina V. , Zimnyakova Оlga S. , Anikina Мarina А. , Brutyan Amayak G.
Published: January 2025

Videostagmography is a dynamically developing method of objective quantitative eye movement recording in various neurological diseases which has a few advantages over those used previously. The review describes the basics of the method and the most commonly used tests for a number of eye movements. The principles of research into various types of saccades, including pro-saccades, antisaccades, memory-guided saccades and voluntary saccades, as well as other types of eye movements such as smooth pursuit and optokinetic nystagmus, are also covered. Reviewed are parameters which need to be assessed in each case, with possible deviations in these parameters to be recorded during videonystagmography in patients with neurological diseases. Data from previously published studies allowing to anticipate the development of a technique that would enable the presymptomatic and early differential diagnosis of a number of diseases are presented. The review also considers the potential influence of the disease progression, as well as of therapeutic interventions, on the parameters assessed during videonystagmography.
Modeling Path Effects Due to 3D Velocity Structure for Nonergodic Ground-Motion Models: A Case Study Using Turkish Ground-Motion Data
Authors: Liu Chenying , Macedo Jorge , Abrahamson Norman , Lacour Maxime , Gulerce Zeynep , Kottke Albert , Arda Ozacar A.
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to assess the performance of different path-effect models for developing nonergodic ground motion models (GMMs) using a Turkish ground-motion database. The cell-specific attenuation approach is widely used to capture path effects in the formulation of nonergodic GMMs. However, this approach can mainly capture anelastic attenuation effects associated with the spatial variation of the quality factor, and it is limited in capturing 3D velocity structure effects, which may be, in particular, relevant for long-period ground motions or short-distance and short-period ground motions. Recent efforts have introduced new models to incorporate 3D velocity structure effects; however, the assessment of these models in the context of instrumentally recorded ground motions is limited. This study assesses the performance of three path-effects models for Türkiye. Specifically, we consider the cell-specific attenuation approach and two additional models based on Gaussian processes but with a different parametrization on how they represent the spatial correlation of path effects. The results indicate that the models based on Gaussian processes outperform the cell-specific approach for long-period spectral accelerations and short-period ground motions at short distances, offering significant aleatory standard deviation reductions. The differences between the Gaussian process-based models are also discussed, highlighting how their parameterization is reflected in prediction patterns. This study contributes to the transition from ergodic to nonergodic approaches in performance-based earthquake engineering.
Poland in the Process of European Integration: Conditions and Course of the Campaign before the Accession Referendum
Authors: Marczewska-Rytko Maria
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to analyze the main entities and course of the campaign before the accession referendum in Poland. The subjects of the analysis were legal acts, documents (including programs of political parties and various public entities and speeches of leaders), statistical data, and scientific studies. The research process involved in-depth analysis of documents and critical content analysis. The article was divided into several parts relating to Polish society’s attitude towards EU accession; the Polish political scene after the parliamentary elections in 2001; assumptions of the information campaign; the legal basis of the referendum campaign; referendum campaigns conducted by the president, government, Democratic Left Alliance, Labor Union, Civic Platform RP, Law and Justice, Citizens’ Initiatives and Movements, League of Polish Families, Self-Defence RP, and Polish People’s Party.
Inadmissibility of Objections in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Klonowski Marcin
Published: January 2025

The article is of a scientific and research nature. The analyzed issue is the institution of inadmissible objections specified in Article 378a § 4, Article 427 § 3a, Article 447 § 5 and Article 447 § 6 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Examining this research theme is justified by numerous problems related to the interpretation of the provisions governing this institution and the legal consequences of raising inadmissible objections in appeal. Moreover, the justification for conducting research results from the constitutional and conventional consequences of the inadmissibility of objections in criminal proceedings institution. So far, this issue has not been comprehensively described. The thesis was put forward that the provisions governing inadmissible objections were incorrectly formulated and the catalogues covering such claims are not strictly defined. Then, the thesis was put forward that the Criminal Procedure Code does not directly express the consequences of raising such claims, which requires a functional interpretation of the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code. As a result of the considerations, de lege ferenda conclusions are formulated. The presented research is important for the dogmatics of criminal procedural law and the practice of application of the provisions discussed.
Comparative analysis of characteristics of detection of signals with unknown polarization to be received on one and two polarizations
Authors: Barinov S.P. , Maevskii Y.I. , Prudnikov D.I.
Published: January 2025

Two main variants of reception of signals with unknown polarization are considered: В1 – signal reception is done by an antenna system with the aperture area SA and a specific polarization that generally does not coincide with polarization of the signal; В2 – signal reception is done by a dual-channel receiver, in each channel of which antenna systems have equal aperture areas 0.5SA and specified mutually orthogonal polarizations not coinciding with polarization of the signal. We have obtained analytical expressions for calculation of signal detection probabilities, in presumption that the receivers process signal optimally, and for the dual-channel receiver detection is defined by decisions taken on presence (absence) of a target in each channel. Calculations were performed, and it was shown that the dual-channel receiver that provides signal reception on two orthogonal polarizations has a higher conflict resilience when receiving signals of unknown polarization, in comparison with a single-channel receiver with antenna system on a specific polarization that has an equivalent advantage in signal-to-noise ratio 4−5 dB.
Phase-difference carrier frequency estimation of signal bursts with phase shift keying
Authors: Makarov V.A. , Skripkin A.A. , Shcherbachev V.A.
Published: January 2025

Due to the rapid development of communication systems with time division multiple access (TDMA) there is a need to estimate the carrier frequency of signal bursts with phase shift keying. This paper presents the carrier frequency estimation of signal bursts with phase shift keying based on previously developed methods of optimal weighting of the difference-phase statistics without significant computational costs. Algorithms of computationally efficient methods for estimating the carrier frequency of packet signals with Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), as well as with quadrature amplitude digital modulation, using optimal weighting of the difference-phase statistics are presented. A comparative analysis of computationally efficient methods for estimating the carrier frequency of signal bursts with QPSK is performed for various methods using optimal weighting of the difference-phase statistics, based on the results of experimental observations of packet communication signals of an aircraft under various reception conditions. Statistical simulation of estimation algorithms is performed. Estimation results for different signal-to-noise ratios are illustrated. The proposed algorithms for computationally efficient estimation of the carrier frequency of signal bursts with digital modulation using optimal weighting of phase-difference statistics allow to increase the accuracy of measuring the carrier frequency of these signals for different dynamics of the observed aircraft motion, which is of great importance when receiving signals from low earth orbit (LEO) spacecraft. The proposed algorithms for estimating the carrier frequency of signal bursts with phase shift keying are characterized by high computational efficiency and allow to increase the accuracy of estimating the carrier frequency of signal bursts with phase shift keying under different reception conditions at moderate signal-to-noise ratios, which makes it advisable to use the presented algorithms in the equipment of multi-satellite communication systems based on LEO such as Starlink and OneWeb.
Assessment of potential electronic warfare capabilities to suppress FPV-type UAV radio control and data transmission receivers
Authors: Salahov T.R. , Chernyak V.V.
Published: January 2025

The modern stage of world aviation development is characterized by the creation of complexes with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) of various functional purposes, their massive use and rapid improvement with continuous expansion of their nomenclature and methods of application. The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems is due to their potential merits and advantages, primarily in terms of efficiency and cost, both in comparison with manned aircraft systems and other types of weapons and military equipment. Combat application of UAVs in the course of local wars and armed conflicts and its development trends show that the leading and determining role in the effective use of modern and advanced UAVs is played by radio-electronic systems that ensure the solution of the following tasks: communication, navigation, reconnaissance, guidance and control of onboard weapons. A malfunction of onboard radio-electronic systems significantly reduces the effectiveness of their use. Given this, a significant contribution to improving the effectiveness of the fight against UAVs can be achieved by utilizing the capabilities of electronic warfare (EW). The main peculiarities of technical development of UAVs are constant improvement of their tactical and technical characteristics and interference resistance to the impact of electronic warfare (EW), developed according to simplified schematic solutions. The aim of work to evaluate the main methods of electronic countermeasures of FPV-type UAV control and data transmission radio receivers. The main methods of countermeasures against FPV-type UAVs for protection of personnel and vulnerable elements of critical infrastructure of industrial facilities were evaluated. The article contains theoretical calculations and recommendations on the composition and requirements for modern UAV countermeasures.
Algorithm for receiving signal source tracking using signal phase perturbations in symmetrical antenna arrays
Authors: Djigan V.I.
Published: January 2025

Formulation of the problem. In radio engineering systems, search and tracking the angular position of the source of the received signal in the most known cases are carried out using the monopulse antenna devices. However, such devices require the usage of a several directional antennas and a complex sum-difference devices to combine the output signals of these antennas. If an Antenna Array (AA) is used as a directional antenna, then the AA calibration algorithms can be also used for this tracking. However, such the algorithms are slow, because they require a large number of the array output power measurements, which are proportional to the number of its antennas.

Target. To present a simple algorithm for searching the angular position of a signal source using the rectangular arrays.

Results. The operation of the proposed algorithm is based on the symmetrical perturbations (changes) of all the signal phases in the AA channels by the fixed values relative to their current values and is based on the estimations the values of the signals at the AR output after these perturbations. In a two-dimensional AA it is necessary to perform four such the perturbations, and in a linear AR it is necessary to perform the two ones. To increase the accuracy of the algorithm, it is proposed to use a correlator or a matched filter to estimate the output signals of the AA if these signals are the pseudorandom sequences. The paper presents the mathematical details of the proposed algorithm and the simulation results which demonstrate its efficiency.

Practical significance. The presented algorithm can be used to track the changes in the position of a signal source caused by the movement of this source or the movement of the AA itself. The algorithm can be implemented in the analog phased arrays containing controlled phase shifters in their channels or in the arrays with the digital beamforming, in which the phase perturbations can be implemented by the changing of the complex-valued weights. The usage of a correlator or a matched filter at the AP output allows the proposed algorithm to be used when receiving the signals under the conditions of the low signal-to-noise ratio.
Energy characteristics of the gridless ion sources beams
Authors: Manegin D.S. , Sokolov V.D. , Plotnikova O.P. , Vorobev E.V. , Ivakhnenko S.G.
Published: January 2025

One of the most commonly used tools in ion-plasma technology is the End Hall ion source, which is used, in particular, for etching and other processes. The ability to operate on almost any gas, a highly divergent beam and the generated ions energy range up to several hundred electronvolts determine the wide possibilities of using End Hall ion sources in science and production. There are two main design schemes of such sources which are most actively used – with a floating and with an anode potential of the discharge chamber rear wall. The ion beam energy characteristics of the sources with a floating potential of the rear wall have been extensively studied by various research teams, but there is currently no comparable data available for sources with an anode potential, making it difficult to develop processes based on these ion sources. This study aims to investigate the energy characteristics of ions emitted from End Hall sources following these two design approaches. The ion beams were examined via a retarding potential analyzer. Measurements were conducted on argon at various discharge voltage and current settings for each source. One design included a floating potential of the discharge chamber rear wall, whereas the other design had an anode potential. The geometrical dimensions of the discharge chambers and the magnetic field intensities were identical for both configurations tested. Based on the ion beam retarding curves, corresponding ion energy distributions were determined. It was observed that for End Hall source with an anode potential of the discharge chamber rear wall an approximately continuous spectrum of ion energies was typical, whereas there was a clearly expressed peak in the energy distribution of the traditional configuration ion source beam. The mean ion energy in beam of the source with an anode potential of the discharge chamber rear wall was lower than that of the source with a floating potential, as confirmed by lower etch rates observed during control sputtering of stainless steel samples. These results can be used to develop technological procedures utilizing End Hall ion sources designed according to different configurations.
Russia, China and the USA: perception of effects in the corporate bond market
Authors: Romashkina G. F. , Yukhtanova Yu. A. , Bogdanenko A. A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: is to identify the dynamics of mutual influences and risks in the corporate bond markets of Russia, China, and the United States under conditions of external environmental instability.

Methods: the methods of comparative and econometric analysis of daily data from 2016 to 2024 were used, including the average yields of short- and medium-term corporate and the government bonds of the Russian Federation, China and the United States, selling prices of gold, oil, exchange rates, refinancing rates. GARCH models for forecasting the volatility of the index of corporate bonds of the Russian Federation and China under the influence of internal and external factors, multidimensional quantile regression for industries of the Russian Federation are calculated.

Results: six stages of changes in the dynamics of the corporate bond debt market under the influence of the market itself and external factors were highlighted. Periodization made it possible to study the impact of short-term and long-term effects of shocks on the debt market. For the Russian Federation, the volatility weight of the previous period is more than twice the weight of the long-term average volatility. For China, this ratio is even higher. The debt market of the Russian Federation is influenced by the debt markets of China and the United States, but the opposite has not been proven. Three groups of branches of the Russian economy have been formed according to the generality of reaction to external influences.

Conclusions and Relevance: during crisis periods, the weight of long-term average market volatility and local factors increases, while that of external factors decreases. Understanding the interactions of internal and external factors allows investors to anticipate market fluctuations, adapt and protect capital. For the Government, this provides an opportunity to develop scientifically sound risk forecasts and use new financial instruments such as yuan bonds.
Case Management of Counseling Guidance for Inmates Experience Stress During Early Coaching
Authors: Equatora Muhammad Ali , Rachim Hadiyanto Abdul , Nulhakim Soni Akhmad , Raharjo Santoso Tri
Published: January 2025

The phenomenon of stress in prisoners is currently an urgency for various researchers. This stress occurs because it is experienced due to changes in the atmosphere of the general public, but entering a criminal facility makes them feel uncomfortable, starting from mental pressure, anxiety, anti-social behavior, and even suicide due to stress. Therefore, there is a need for case management so that inmates can face situations of stress and fear when undergoing initial formation in state detention centers. This study used a qualitative research method with a case study research design, employing observation, study documentation, and interviews for data collection. There were 6 informants, 1 of whom was a prisoner, along with 1 guard officer, 1 registration officer, and 3 inmates. This research emphasizes interactive data analysis and qualitative confirmation of source triangulation results. The object of research lies in how prisoners can undergo an excellent initial coaching period to manage stressful situations and fears. The results of this research indicate that correctional guardians have a role in providing counseling guidance on the stress of inmates during initial training at the Painan Detention Center, where the stress levels of inmates are very high. The effective counseling guidance methods or techniques used include a religious approach to reduce stress on inmates during the initial training period. This action seeks to reduce stress levels and provide assistance to prisoners. This research presents a novelty that lies in the experience of stress management during the initial guidance of inmates.
The Relationship Between Nomophobia and Boredom Intolerance in the Use of Social Media among Generation Z Muslim Students
Authors: Syafii Muhammad Hisyam , Purnomo Halim , Alberto Valero Matas Jesus
Published: January 2025

This study explores the relationship between nomophobia and boredom intolerance among Generation Z Muslim students who are active social media users. The increasing prevalence of smartphone dependency has been linked to anxiety disorders such as nomophobia while also exacerbating the inability to tolerate boredom, particularly in digital contexts. This study used a quantitative method with a survey approach, utilizing the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS) to measure these variables among 47 randomly selected participants. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression, revealing a significant positive correlation between nomophobia and boredom intolerance: as nomophobia levels increased, tolerance for boredom decreased. This research highlights the growing concern about smartphone overreliance and its psychological effects on Generation Z. Given the crucial role of social media in the daily lives of these students, understanding the psychological dynamics at play offers insights into developing targeted interventions to reduce smartphone dependence and improve emotional regulation. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on mental health in the digital age, emphasizing the importance of fostering greater awareness of the psychological risks associated with excessive smartphone use and suggesting strategies for enhancing students' emotional resilience. Future research should investigate the cultural and social factors influencing these behaviors further to develop more effective interventions.
Neogene Relics of the Flora of Karachay-Cherkessia and Their Significance for Understanding Florogenetic Processes in the North Caucasus
Authors: Ivanov Alexander L. , Uzdenov Unukh B. , Borlakova Fatima M.
Published: January 2025

Based on the analysis of the ranges of vicarious and separated species having part of the range in the territory of Karachay-Cherkessia, the hypothesis of migration of boreal flora to the Caucasus, which took place in the Neogene, with the subsequent formation of enclave areas of the ranges and the beginning of speciation processes, which led to the isolation of some species, which became mostly Caucasian endemics, is confirmed in the article. The presence of two categories of migrants (vicarious and disconnected species) indicates the heterogeneity of migration processes.
Tolerance of S. cerevisiae Yeast to Elevated Concentrations of Glucose and Ethanol
Authors: Islammagomedova Elvira A. , Khalilova Eslanda A. , Abakarova Aida A. , Aliverdieva Dinara A.
Published: January 2025

Our research is one of the stages in studying yeast metabolism in response to various types of stress. The morphological properties of cells and giant colonies of various yeast strains S. cerevisiae are considered: 985-T, used in the production of alcohol, laboratory standard S288c and Y-503, recommended both for the production of baker's yeast and the biosynthesis of ethanol. Comparative studies were carried out on standard and modified YPD solid media at temperature of 37 °C. As a result of studying the simultaneous influence of geothermal water, glucose, and ethanol in the composition of solid culture media under elevated temperature conditions on the morphological properties of cells and giant colonies of S. cerevisiae Y-503, S288c, 985-T, the physiological activity of all studied cultures was noted. During cultivation, the strains differed in size, cell shape, and the presence of reserve nutrients: metachromatin, glycogen, and lipids. Changes in color, surface, profile and size of colonies are shown. Under these cultivation conditions, the collection S. cerevisiae Y-503 and industrial 985-T strains had the greatest tolerance to environmental stress factors. The study of the morphophysiological mechanisms of yeast tolerance can serve as the basis for the selection of strains resistant to high concentrations of glucose and ethanol, which is of interest for their further use in biotechnological processes.
Continuity of Linear Operators in Projective and Inductive Limits of Sequences of Quasi-Banach Spaces of Holomorphic Function
Authors: Korablina Yuliya V.
Published: January 2025

We establish some conditions under which some classical operators acting between countable projective (inductive) limits of weighted quasi-Banach spaces of functions holomorphic in a plain domain are continuous. It is obtained abstract criteria for the continuity of a linear operator on projective (inductive) limits of an arbitrary sequence of quasi-Banach spaces of holomorphic functions which are stated in terms of delta-functions. The above results are applied to the weighted composition operator (including multiplication and usual composition ones). As a consequence, we obtain criteria of the continuity of the above-mentioned operators on certain weighted spaces with integral norms. Namely, we state some criteria for the continuity of weighted composition operators acting from projective (inductive) limits of weighted Bergman, Hardy, Dirichlet spaces and derivative Hardy spaces.
Stability Diagrams of a Regular System of Vortex Charges Outside the Circular Region in the Case of Arbitrary Circulation
Authors: Kurakin Leonid G. , Melekhov Andrew P. , Ostrovskaya Irina V.
Published: January 2025

The problem of the stability of the stationary rotation of a system of identical point vortex charges located at the vertices of a regular N-gon outside a circular region, in the case of arbitrary circulation of Γ around the boundary is considered. The interaction potential between the charges is inversely proportional to the distance between them. In this paper continue their research of the authors' articles, where cases of non-circulant flow around a boundary and arbitrary circulation for the logarithmic potential of interaction between point vortices were considered. This paper presents a general scheme for studying stability for an arbitrary N≥2, which is implemented for cases N=2,3. The quadratic part of the Hamiltonian and the eigenvalues of the linearization matrix are investigated analytically and numerically. There are constructed stability diagrams, which indicate the areas of orbital stability, instability, and areas of linear stability that require additional nonlinear analysis. All resonances up to and including the fourth order arising in this problem are listed and investigated numerically. An instability has been numerically detected on the resonance curve Γ03 corresponding to the two-fold zero eigenvalue of the linearization matrix at N=3. The results of the theoretical analysis are confirmed by numerical calculation of the trajectories of vortex charges.
Assessment of Carbon Stocks in Soils Forests of the South of Primorye
Authors: Zharikova Elena A. , Golodnaya Olga M.
Published: January 2025

The main reserves of organic matter of terrestrial ecosystems of the planet are accumulated in forest soils. The patterns of changes in carbon stocks depending on the location in the relief and vegetation in Haplic Cambisols (brown soils typical) of broad-leaved forests of the western spurs of the Sikhote-Alin Primorsky Territory are studied. Haplic Cambisols of the south-southeastern and north-northwestern slopes morphologically differ in the thickness of the genetic horizons and the degree of stony. Their carbon reserves vary depending on the location and the prevailing tree species, and they gradually increase in soils from the watershed downhill to the foot. The largest carbon reserves were found in the soils of the floodplain of the stream in the area of birchash mixed forest (104–108 t/ha in layers 0–30 and 0–50 cm), the smallest – in the soils of the steep slope of the southern exposure under xerophytic oak forests (65–67 t/ha, in layers 0–30 and 0–50 cm). The data obtained fully correspond to the assessment of carbon reserves in soil layers for the Primorsko-Priamursky coniferous-deciduous region of the Far East. Close relationships have been revealed between the content of exchangeable bases, organic carbon, available forms of nutrients (phosphorus and potassium), actual acidity and the content of the fraction of physical clay.
Effect Of Cryptocurrency On The Nigerian Economy
Authors: Suleiman Suleiman U , Abdullahi Kamal T
Published: January 2025

This study analyses the effect of cryptocurrency on the Nigerian economy. The development of crypto-currency as a means of exchange without legal backing and invisibility of the identity of operators has posed peculiar challenges, such as illicit financial flow and terrorism, amongst others, to the country. This study, therefore, sought to examine the effect of crypto-currency on the Nigerian economy. The study hinged on social exchange theory. Secondary data were obtained from the CBN statistical bulletin and Global Financial Integrity Report for a period of six years from 2015 to 2020. The data were analyzed using a simple regression model. The result shows that R is 7.9%, which means that there is a low positive relationship between crypto-currency and the level of economic development in Nigeria. It further shows an adjusted R square of -38.4 which depicts that crypto-currency has a low inverse effect on the level of economic development in Nigeria. In conclusion, the computed p-value of 0.945, which is higher than the set p-value of 0.05, shows that crypto-currency does not have a significant effect on the level of economic development in Nigeria. Hence, it is recommended that, in order to sustain economic development from the activities of crypto-currency in Nigeria, the CBN needs to ensure that laws and mechanisms are put in place to capture the activities of crypto-currency in the country adequately.
Ekonomiczno-polityczne uwarunkowania projektów integracji europejskiej przed układem o EWWiS
Authors: Bokajło Wiesław
Published: January 2025

Najstarszymi projektami integracji europejskiej są koncepcje konfederacyjne. Idea wolnego handlu A. Smitha odrzuciła protekcjonizm; C. Jungler, L. Mises, N. Kondratiew i J. Schumpeter dowiedli, że wykrzywiał on sinusoidalnie przebiegający cykl koniunkturalny. Jednak nacjonalizm cechujący państwa europejskie, zwalczające kryzysy gospodarcze za pomocą ceł i ochrony własnej produkcji, prowadził do wojen handlowych, walutowych i konfliktów zbrojnych. Po pierwszej wojnie światowej L. Sturzo zaproponował gospodarcze i polityczne zespolenie europejskich państw w formie Wspólnego Rynku. Jego propozycja, łącząca zasady subsydiarności, solidarności, suwerenności podzielonej z zasadami amerykańskiego funkcjonalizmu, stała się podstawą chadeckiej koncepcji integracji europejskiej. Dopełniła ją metoda J. Monneta „cząstkowego” dochodzenia do pierwszego etapu integracji europejskiej: Europejskiej Wspólnoty Węgla i Stali.
A Case Report of Lurasidone-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia: Therapeutic Role of Valbenazine
Authors: Ambika Nand Jha  , Varsha Ratan Gaikwad
Published: January 2025

Background: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a complex, potentially irreversible movement disorder primarily associated with the long-term use of antipsychotic medications, particularly typical neuroleptic drugs. TD can develop during treatment and persist long after the discontinuation of the culprit medication. The etiology of this condition involves dysregulation of dopaminergic signalling, especially within the striatum, leading to activation of D2 dopamine receptors. This imbalance affects the homeostasis of neurotransmitters, including GABA and Glu. Chronic dopamine receptor antagonism incites neuroadaptive alterations that may linger post-therapy, resulting in abnormal involuntary movements affecting the orofacial regions, limbs, and trunk, which profoundly diminish patient quality of life. Case: A 29-year-old female with a known history of schizophrenia presented with sudden-onset neurological symptoms, notably persistent orofacial dyskinesias such as lip smacking and grimacing, which had developed over a 24-hour period. A thorough review of her medications indicated that lurasidone, classified as an atypical antipsychotic, was likely responsible for the onset of these dyskinetic movement features. Consequently, the physician opted to discontinue lurasidone and initiate valbenazine at 40 mg once daily with the intent of managing the dyskinetic symptoms while considering the overall psychiatric and medical treatment plan for the patient. Conclusion: The emergence of orofacial dyskinesias in this patient suggests a possible adverse reaction to lurasidone, necessitating re-evaluation of her psychopharmacological regimen. Valbenazine, a selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor, may provide a tailored approach to mitigate dyskinetic movements, while maintaining therapeutic efficacy in psychiatric care.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Antibiotic Usage: Establishing a Foundation for Effective Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Suri Nurma , Junando Mirza , Afriyana Regi
Published: January 2025

Background: The intensive care unit (ICU) is a significant area of antibiotic use, accounting for a substantial proportion of the overall antibiotic consumption. The inappropriate use of antibiotics in such settings has a notable impact on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: This study evaluated the rationality of antibiotic use in the ICU of RSUD Abdul Moeloek Hospital in Lampung Province. Methods: This study was conducted between December 2022 and February 2023 using a prospective method and purposive sampling. An evaluation was conducted using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) system for quantitative analysis and Gyssens criteria for qualitative assessment. The research subjects comprised 55 individuals, the majority of whom were male (58.2%), aged > 65 years (29.1%), remained in the ICU for less than seven days (78.2%), and subsequently continued their treatment in a non-ICU (69.1%). Results: Quantitative analysis demonstrated that the total number of antibiotics administered in this study was 394.83 DDD, with a DDD/100 patient-day value of 113.78. Ceftriaxone was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic (219 DDD), whereas gentamicin was the least frequently prescribed (1 DDD). Qualitative analysis revealed that 17.6% of the patients exhibited irrational antibiotic use. Conclusion: Irrational use of antibiotics was observed in the following categories: IV A (1.1%); IV D (2.2%); III A (2.2%); III B (2.2%) IIA, (3.3%); IIB (5.5%); and I (1.1%). The study concluded that there was still a considerable degree of irrational antibiotic use.
An Effectiveness Test Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Buas-buas Leaves (Premna serratifolia L.) and Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as Topical Antiinflammatory Agent in Male White Rats (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Isnindar  , Purnamaputra Alfred , Luliana Sri
Published: January 2025

Background: Inflammation is the reaction of the immune system to tissue damage resulting from physical injury, harmful chemicals, or microbial agents. Steroid and non-steroid drugs are commonly used to treat inflammation, but long-term use can result in side effects, such as hormonal disorders and gastric ulcers. Buas-buas leaves and sappan wood has potential as traditional medicines, and based on empirical evidence, they utilize both plants as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiallergic, and antiarthritic agents, as well as for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, cough, and leprosy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining 96% ethanol extracts from buas-buas leaves and sappan wood to deliver topical anti-inflammatory benefits. Methods: This research was experimental, using thirty male rats divided into six treatment groups: a negative control group with 2% carrageenan, Biocream® control group, a positive control group with Hydrocortisone Acetate, and three treatment groups receiving a combination of ethanol extracts from buas-buas leaves and sappan wood at concentrations of 1.67%, 2.5%, and 3.75%. The test compounds were administered after carrageenan injection. Measurement of skinfold thickness on the backs of the rats was conducted every hour for 6 h using digital calipers, and the difference in skinfold thickness of each rat, AUC value, and percentage of inflammation inhibition was calculated. Data analysis involved the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Levene's test to assess normality and homogeneity, respectively, and was subsequently followed by One-way ANOVA and a post-hoc test. Conclusion: The combination of ethanol extracts of Buas-Buas leaves and sappan wood can provide a topical anti-inflammatory effect, with the most effective concentration being 3.75% and an inflammation inhibition percentage of 32.77%.
Quantification of microplastics in biowastes including biosolids, compost, and vermicompost destined for land application
Authors: Ruffell Helena , Pantos Olga , Robinson Brett , Gaw Sally
Published: January 2025

The land application of biowastes, including biosolids and compost, is a significant source of microplastics (MP) to terrestrial environments, yet global data on contamination levels are limited. We determined the concentrations of microplastics in biowastes destined for land application in Aotearoa New Zealand. Microplastics were extracted from biosolids, vermicompost, bulk compost, and bagged compost via wet peroxide oxidation digestion and density separations using a modified sediment-microplastics isolation (SMI) unit. The polymer type of each suspected microplastic was confirmed by micro-Fourier-transform infrared (µ-FTIR) spectroscopy, with a minimum detection size of 18 µm. Microplastic concentrations > 0.48 MP/g were identified in every sample, with the highest average abundances in biosolids (2.71 MP/g) and vermicompost (2.69 MP/g), followed by bulk compost (1.94 MP/g) and bagged compost (1.1 MP/g). Fragments (62.7%) were the most frequently detected microplastic morphotype, followed by films (24.7%), fibers (12.2%), and beads (0.4%). Common polymers detected were polypropylene (37.9%), polyethylene (28.6%), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (11.7%). Identifiable morphotypes included polyurethane foam sponge fragments, polyethylene terephthalate glitter, and PMMA multicolored films. Biodegradable polymers were identified, and their presence in mature compost suggests that compost facilities were unable to provide optimal conditions to support the complete biodegradation of polymers. Annual microplastic contamination in soils from the application of biowaste amendments is projected to be between 1.10 × 107 to 2.71 × 107 MP/ha. The product origin of most microplastics could not be identified, highlighting the ubiquity of microplastics and the urgent need to reduce plastic at the source to reduce instances of pollution in valuable biowastes.
Studies on Effect of Seed Treatment on Seed Germination and Subsequent Growth of Karonda (Carissa carandas L.) Seedlings
Authors: Shyam Sonkamble Dhiraj , Bhalerao R. V. , Bhosale A. M.
Published: January 2025

The present experiment was carried out at Department of horticulture, College of agriculture, VNMKV, Parbhani. During the year 2023-2024 with the objective to determine the best treatment for seed germination of karonda seedlings. and effect of different treatments on seedling growth parameters of karonda. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design involved 12 different treatments including control. Among various treatment applied. The results of the present investigation revealed that, The effect of seed treatment indicated that, the treatment (T11) seed soaking in water for 8 hour recorded maximum seed germination (82.50), fresh weight (3.47 gm), dry weight (1.37 gm) and seedling vigour index II (128.84 gm). while, seeds soaked in GA3 100 mg/l for 24 hours improved various growth parameters viz., seedling length (15.46, 24.13 and 30.21 cm), length of main root (8.23, 12.60 and 16.27cm) number of primary roots (22.07, 28.33 and 34.70 cm) number of secondary roots (25.24, 31.60, and 38.37) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS respectively. Seedling vigour index I (2828 cm) at 90 DAS and GA3 treatments resulted in the highest survival percentage (83.52%) and the lowest mortality rate (16.48%). andGA3 at 100 mg/litre resulted in the lowest incidence of damping off at 33.33 percent. Soaking of seeds in Thiourea at the rate 2% for 2 hours (T9) shows that the highest number of leaves (12.11, 20.00 and 29.01) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS respectively. While seed soaked in KNO31% for 1 hours and 2% for 2 hours gave significantly maximum diameter of seedlings (2.63 and 2.73 mm) at 90 days after sowing.
Influence of Foliar Nutrition on Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata L.]
Authors: Gowsalya D. , Archana H. A. , Jeyajothi R. , Silviya R. Angelin
Published: January 2025

An experimental trial was carried out at Field No. A5, College Farm, Department of Agronomy, College Farm, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, Baburyanpettai, Chengalpattu to investigate the effect of foliar application on grain yield, stover yield and nutrient uptake on cowpea during kharif season 2024. Six treatment combinations in a randomized block design were tested in replication of four. Vamban 3 variety of cowpea planted at a row-to-row spacing of 45 cm and plant-to-plant spacing of 15 cm. Foliar application of pulse wonder @ 1% on 30 and 45 DAS has given significantly higher yield (993 kg ha-1).
Haematological and Biochemical Observations in Canine Ascites Associated with Hepatopathy
Authors: Jyothi Jatavath , Banerjee Rishika
Published: January 2025

Dogs of multiple breeds within the age group of 3-6 years, presented to VCC, Rajendranagar with clinical signs of distended abdomen, general weakness and inappetence were studied and grouped into two groups. The diseased animals (Group II), comprising of 8 affected animals and control (Group I), comprising of 6 apparently healthy animals. These animals were subjected to thorough clinical and physical examination, haemato-biochemical, serum biochemistry, ultrasonographical & radiographical examinations. The haematological tests revealed anaemia in the affected dogs, while the serum biochemistry revealed an abnormal increase in the liver enzymes with significantly decreased values of albumin, globulin, total proteins, and albumin/globulinratio. Radiography documented ground glass appearance of the abdomen, hepatomegaly and other hepatopathies in both the groups. Anechoic abdominal free fluid was noticed and samples were collected by ultrasound-guided abdominocentesis for analysis. The resultant diagnosis made was ascites associated with chronic hepatitis, hepatomegaly, and other hepatopathies in dogs.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Singh Ajeet , Kumar Sachin , Dwivedi Vipin Kumar , Mishra Shubham , Kumar Ajeet
Published: January 2025

A study was genotypic and phenotypic path coefficient analysis for yield and yield-related traits in 13 parents and line × tester mating design in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in randomized block design with three replications under at Research Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, J.V College, Baraut, U.P. during the rabi season 2019-20, 2020- 21 and 2021-22. The critical evaluation of path coefficient for highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant was observed for biological yield per plant (G 0.8856 and P 0.8817) followed by harvest index (G 0.6169 and P 0.6344), peduncle length (G 0.0130 and P 0.0095), spike length (G 0.0106 and P 0.0145) and days of anthesis (G 0.0089). The residual effects observed in present study was (G 0.0971 and P 0.1145) for genotypic and phenotypic path coefficient analysis.
Studies on Prevalence and Morphological Symptom Characterisation of Pigeonpea Sterility Mosaic Virus Isolates from Major Pigeonpea Growing Areas of Karnataka, India
Authors: Prabhavathi N. M.
Published: January 2025

A roving survey was undertaken in major pigeonpea growing areas of Karnataka to collect SMD infected samples showing different kinds of symptoms on different varieties and also incidence of SMD during Kharif 2015 and 2016. The results revealed that the incidence during the year 2015, maximum average incidence of 61.55 per cent was recorded in Yadagiri district and minimum average incidence was recorded in Chamarajanagar district with 1 per cent. Whereas during the year 2016, maximum average incidence of 47.66 per cent was recorded in Yadagiri district and minimum average incidence was recorded in Hassan district with 2.80per cent incidence.
Sensitivity of Dynamic Stall Models to Dynamic Excitation on Large-Flexible Wind Turbine Blades in Edgewise Vibrations
Authors: Bangga Galih
Published: January 2025

The present studies are specifically aimed at investigating the sensitivity of different dynamic stall models when exposed to various excitation frequencies. The investigations are targeted at the blade edgewise vibrations. This is done on a modified version of the IEA 15 MW reference wind turbine employing a wind turbine design tool Bladed. The state-of-the-art dynamic stall models for wind turbine applications such as the Oye model, Beddoes-Leishman (BL) model and the newly developed IAG model are evaluated. The beginning of the research work starts by evaluating different dynamic stall models on rigid blade section forces against known airfoil datasets. Then, the blade flexibility is considered to enable systematic evaluations of the blade flexibility influences in comparison to the rigid blade cases. It is observed that the range of the angle of attack grows depending on the excitation frequency and the adopted dynamic stall model. The critical excitation frequency range and the effects of twist distribution are then identified from the studies, which can be useful as a rough guidance when designing wind turbine blades.