bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARINC 664 P7 AFDX Ağlarında Kablaj Optimizasyonuna Dayalı Sanal Bağlantıların Uyarlanmış Genetik Algoritmayla Yönlendirilmesi
Authors: BAYRAM Otman Baturay , ÖZCAN Alper
Published: December 2022

Hava araçları tasarımında kablo ve ekipman ağırlığının azaltılması önemli bir gereksinim kriteridir. Gelişen teknoloji ve ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda hava araçları sistem mimarisi federe yapıdan modüler yapıya evirilerek ekipman ağırlığına çözüm bulmasına karşın kablo ağırlığına etkin bir çözüm getirememiştir. Bu maksatla verilerin ihtiyaç duyulduğu yerde işlemlerin gerçekleştirilmesine dayalı fakat kablaj ağırlığı getirmeyecek bir yapının tesisini amaçlayan bir sistem mimarisi hedeflenmiştir. Bunun sonucunda dağıtık sistem mimarisi ve geniş bant ağ veri yoluna dayalı sistem mimarisine geçilmesi yönünde çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Hava aracı içinde kullanılan donanımlar arası haberleşme ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaya yönelik kullanıcıların kolayca adapte olabileceği değerlendirilen ve halihazırda kullanımı olan IEEE 802.3 Ethernet haberleşmesi temel alınarak Aviyonik Tam Çift Yönlü Anahtarlamalı Ethernet Ağı (ARINC 664 P7 AFDX) geliştirilmiştir. Havacılığa özgü bu haberleşme protokolü; yedeklilik, tahsis edilmiş bant genişliği ve deterministtik zamanlama karakterlerini bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Ayrıca bu iletişim protokolü sayesinde; kablaj ağırlığını azaltmak için aynı fiziksel bağlantıyı paylaşabilen, Sanal Bağlantı(SB) adı verilen, statik olarak yönlendirilmiş iletişim tünelleri aracılığıyla Ethernet verilerini tek kaynak Uç Sistem(US)’den bir ya da daha fazla US’a dağıtmak da mümkündür. Yapmış olduğumuz bu çalışmada karmaşık bir ağ yapısında kablaj ekibi tarafından belirlenen ağ anahtarları arası olası tüm fiziksel hatlar arasında kablaj ağırlığı kısıdına dayalı, bu uygulamaya yönelik uyarlanmış bir Genetik Algoritma(GA) vasıtasıyla SB’lerin yönlendirmeleri yapılarak optimal kablaj ağırlığının sağlandığı ve gereksiz hatların belirlendiği bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Sunulan uyarlanmış GA tabanlı metodun geçerliliğini doğrulamak için karmaşık bir ağ yapısı üzerinde deneysel benzetimle sınanmış ve ayrıca Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algoritması ile karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Sunulan algoritmanın aviyonik endüstrisinde kullanılabilirliği deneysel benzetim sonuçlarıyla ortaya konmuştur.
MARCHING BAND IN MODERN BOARDING SCHOOLS
Authors: Azzahid M. Yazid
Published: December 2022

Islamic boarding schools, of course, have existed since ancient times until today, which is increasingly here or with the progress of this era, more and more Islamic boarding schools are also developing their quality and adapting to the current era of globalization. Many Islamic boarding schools use development models to adapt to their era with various kinds, one of which is with superior programs such as English programs and so on. With the development of programs that exist in Islamic boarding schools today, of course, it becomes authentic for the community in choosing Islamic boarding schools to educate their children apart from religious knowledge but also to study science other than religion to keep abreast of developments in this era or the modern era.Islamic boarding schools are of course getting more advanced along with the times, of course, the caregivers or owners of Islamic boarding schools are increasingly thinking about learning methods and models which are different from their past. Therefore, many Islamic boarding schools use and take advantage of all kinds of positive aspects today and then apply them in the pesantren program. So that it will attract more and more people who are interested in boarding their children at the Islamic boarding school, thus the child will not only get religious knowledge but also get balanced knowledge, namely science.Marching band is one of the various aspects of modern learning in several Islamic boarding schools. One of them is the English language program, the tahfidzul Quran program, and the marching band program at the integrated Islamic boarding school Al Fusha Rowocacing Kedungwuni. This Islamic boarding school develops various aspects of modernity in its learning model. Thus this Islamic boarding school is increasingly in the interest of many outsiders, not only with the modern aspects that exist in this integrated Al Fusha Islamic boarding school but it is also equipped with a program that is systematic and orderly and of course adjusts to developments of the current era. One of them is also using the digitalization system that is applied in this Islamic boarding school, even though with the limitations, students are not allowed to carry communication devices (smartphones). However, this does not become an obstacle for caregivers and administrators, and staff of this Islamic boarding school to continue to develop according to today's times. Always think ahead and continue to work and strive to create students who have good morals, and broad insight into science (smart and religious).
METHODS OF LEARNING HADITH IN THE WORLD OF BOARDING SCHOOLS
Authors: Kharis M. Abdul
Published: December 2022

Based on the study of hadiths in Islamic boarding schools, it can be seen in the learning of these hadiths that Islamic boarding schools focus on aspects of fiqh and morals. In this case, it can be seen from the books of hadith that are widely studied in Islamic boarding schools, such as the books of Riyadh Shalihin, all-Adan al-Nawawi, and Bulughul Maram, which contain fiqh and morals. Whereas primary textbooks are limited and some, Such as the books of Sahih Bukhari and Muslim, because seen from the condition of the pesantren which aim only as teaching hadith to improve religious practice not to equip Islamic boarding school students to be able to research hadith critically and independently which is not like in higher education. The main feature of education and teaching in Islamic boarding schools during the traditional period is stressing which in teaching is most important in textual and literal understanding. In terms of understanding in Islamic boarding schools, namely the completion of reading a book or a book which then moves to the next book. The dominance of yellow book teaching in Islamic boarding schools usually implies irregularities in the recitation of hadith books.
Attentional Dynamics Explain the Elusive Nature of Context Effects
Authors: Trueblood Jennifer S , Liu Yanjun , Murrow Matthew , Hayes William M. , Holmes William
Published: December 2022

Context effects in multi-alternative, multi-attribute choice are pervasive and yet, paradoxically, elusive at the same time. For example, simple changes to the spatial layout of alternatives on the screen can nullify or reverse the effects. Despite the success of dynamic decision models in explaining the occurrence of context effects, a coherent theory for understanding their elusiveness is currently lacking. We introduce a novel theoretical framework that relies on attention modulated comparisons to explain the elusive nature of context effects. We show via simulation that our model produces the attraction, compromise, and similarity effects simply by assuming that more time is spent comparing alternatives that are more similar. However, when more time is spent comparing dissimilar alternatives, model simulations reveal a reversal of the attraction and compromise effects. The empirical support for this model-based prediction is assessed by manipulating similarity-based attention in separate experiments for the three context effects (total N = 887). Further, by allowing the spatial organization of information to constrain the attention process, the model can explain changes in context effects induced by display layout. We show that the model's spatial attention mechanism allows it to capture presentation order effects in a reanalysis of previously published data. Finally, we develop a continuous approximation of the full model that permits fitting of choices and response times. In summary, the proposed framework provides a new tool for understanding not only the existence of context effects in choice, but also the attentional factors that lead to null or reversed context effects.
Three Elements of Creation Care from an Anglican Perspective
Authors: Taliaferro Charles
Published: December 2022

Anglicanism fosters creation care in its legacy of natural theology, its recognition of the goodness of creation, and its balance of individualism and holism. Anglican natural theology promotes a positive view of the sciences. Reasons are offered to not follow N.T. Wright in subordinating natural theology to New Testament eschatology.
Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) Low-Temperature Cathode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs)
Authors: Harris J. , Kesler O.
Published: December 2022

Atmospheric plasma spraying is attractive for manufacturing solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because it allows functional layers to be built rapidly with controlled microstructures. The technique allows SOFCs that operate at low temperatures (500 to 700 °C) to be fabricated by spraying directly onto metallic supports. However, standard cathode materials used in SOFCs have high polarization resistance at low temperatures, necessitating alternative materials. In this study, coatings of lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF) were fabricated on steel substrates using axial-injection atmospheric plasma spraying. Coating thickness and microstructure were evaluated and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to detect material decomposition and the formation of undesired phases in the plasma. The results define the envelope of plasma spray parameters for depositing LSCF coatings and the conditions in which composite cathode coatings can be produced.
Microstructure and Thermal Cycling Behavior of Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings with High Segmentation Crack Densities
Authors: Karger M. , Vaßen R. , Stöver D.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the influence of segmentation crack density on the strain tolerance of thermal barrier coatings produced by atmospheric plasma spraying. A Triplex II plasma gun is used to spray fused and crushed yttria-stabilized zirconia, forming thick deposits with high segmentation crack densities, low porosity, and low branching crack density, which is necessary for good interlamellar bonding. Thermal cycling and burner rig tests yield promising results in terms of lifetime and strain tolerance behavior and microstructural analysis shows that the segmentation crack network was stable during thermal shock testing. The main failure mechanism was delamination and horizontal cracking in the vicinity of the TBC-TGO (thermally grown oxide) interface.
Preparation and Characterization of Solid Electrolyte for IT-SOFC Applications Using Atmospheric Plasma Spray Technique: An Inside Understanding by Performance and Stability (PAS) Analysis and Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Tung K.L. , Chang K.S. , Kang C.H. , Chiang Y.C.
Published: December 2022

In this study, molecular dynamic simulations are used to analyze the effect of dopant concentration on the performance and stability of zirconia-based solid electrolyte. Different amounts of Sc2O3 are diffused into the YSZ system to simulate various Sc-Y-SZ electrolyte compositions for analysis. The calculations predict that ionic transport efficiency improves with increasing Sc2O3 concentration as does the mobility of oxygen ions. The simulated results agree well with experimental data, indicating that the molecular dynamic technique may be helpful in the design and development of materials for SOFC applications.
Influence of Composition of TGO on the Thermal Shock Lifetime of Thermal Barrier Coatings with Cold-Sprayed MCrAlTaY Bond Coat
Authors: Li Y. , Li C.-J. , Zhang Q. , Yang G.-J. , Li C.-X.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the influence of thermally grown oxide (TGO) on the lifetime of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In the experiments, cold sprayed NiCoCrAlY powder was deposited as the bond coat and plasma sprayed YSZ was deposited as the topcoat. The TBCs were subjected to various treatments to induce different types of TGOs at the bond coat-topcoat interface. Three types of oxide were detected, including spinel, chromium oxide, and alumina. Thermal cycling tests show how the oxides contribute to cracking and spalling in the topcoat layer and how the morphologies and constituents of the oxides can change with time and temperature.
Flame Spraying of Mullite/ZrO2 Powders
Authors: García E. , Cano C. , Osendi M.I. , Miranzo P.
Published: December 2022

Mullite based compositions have interest for thermal barrier coatings because they have thermal expansion coefficients close to those of silicon ceramic substrates. In this work, mullite-zirconia coatings are obtained by flame spraying and characterized based on microstructure, crystal phases, hardness, elastic modulus, and thermal conductivity. Crystallinity is improved by in-situ heating with a flame torch, which is also shown to increase hardness and elastic modulus. Thermal diffusivity measurements show that the thermal properties of mullite-zirconia coatings are relatively stable over a wide temperature range and adequate for many thermal barrier applications.
Degradation of Thermal Barrier Coatings by Fuel Impurities and CMAS
Authors: Sohn Y.H. , Mohan P. , Schelling P. , Nguyen D.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the degradation of YSZ-CoNiCrAlY thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) due to vanadium and phosphorus pentoxides and calcium-magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) sand at temperatures up to 1400 °C. The pentoxides are shown to degrade bond coat and topcoat layers through acidic dissolution, while CMAS sand is shown to degrade YSZ layers through ingress and the precipitation of ZrO2 grains. Density functional theory simulations provide insights on reactions at the surface of fluorite-structured oxides and the role of oxygen vacancy clustering. A method to mitigate melt-infiltration attack through electrophoretic deposition is introduced.
Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Coatings of the Cr2O3-TiO2 System
Authors: Berger L.-M. , Stahr C.C. , Saaro S. , Thiele S.
Published: December 2022

In this study, the deposition, microstructure, and resistivity of APS and HVOF sprayed Cr2O3-TiO2 coatings is systematically investigated. Commercially available Cr2O3-rich feedstock powders are used along with five agglomerated and sintered experimental powders on the TiO2-rich side. Both processes are found to produce homogeneous, low-porosity coatings with phase compositions that can be changed by adjusting process parameters. Coating hardness and electrical resistivity are found to depend heavily on Cr2O3 content.
Investigation of Plasma Sprayed and Constrained-Sintered Zirconia Based Electrolytes
Authors: Christenn C. , Ansar S.A.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the effects of sintering on conventional and nanostructured plasma sprayed YSZ. In order to gain a better understanding of the differences in sintering behavior, the layers are sintered under constrained and non-constrained conditions over a temperature range of 800 to 1520 °C. The influence of particle size on sintering kinetics, microstructure development, electrical properties, and thickness is assessed for free-standing layers as well as deposits on rigid substrates.
Al2O3 – ZrO2 Finely Structured Multilayer Architectures from Suspension Plasma Spraying
Authors: Tingaud O. , Montavon G. , Denoirjean A. , Coudert J.-F. , Rat V. , Fauchais P.
Published: December 2022

One of the goals of this study is to better understand how suspension plasma spraying parameters, particularly plasma gas mixtures, influence layer formation. Another goal is to produce finely structured layers of Al2O3-ZrO2 with a wide range of architectures. To that end, a simple theoretical model is used to describe the operating conditions of the plasma torch and the influence of spraying parameters is expressed in terms of the shape and size of spray beads.
Dry Sliding Behavior of Sub-Micrometer-Sized Suspension Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Oxide Coatings
Authors: Darut G. , Ben-Ettouil F. , Denoirjean A. , Montavon G. , Ageorges H. , Fauchais P.
Published: December 2022

Numerous works have shown that decreasing the scale of coating structure leads to an improvement in tribological behavior. Suspension plasma spraying has proven particularly effective at producing coatings with submicron even nanoscale structure, while maintaining the versatility of thermal spraying. This paper examines the dry sliding behavior of several ceramic oxide composite coatings produced by suspension plasma spraying. The structural scale and the effect of composition are studied as well.
WC-Based Coating Production by the Pulsed Gas Dynamic Spraying Process: Coatings and Process Analysis
Authors: Yandouzi M. , Jodoin B.
Published: December 2022

The work presented in this paper is part of a comprehensive research program aimed at exploring the possible use of pulsed gas dynamic spraying to produce WC-based coatings. This portion of the work assesses the effect of processing parameters on particle characteristics and coating microstructure. Particle velocity is measured at the gun exit using a laser diagnostic system and correlated with various spray parameters. A combination of analysis techniques (OM, SEM, XRD, and microhardness) are used to characterize the feedstock powder and sprayed coatings. The results show that an increase in particle preheating temperature and velocity increases hardness and reduces coating defects.
Properties of Copper Coatings Obtained by Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying Using Helium: Influence of the Oxide Content of the Powder
Authors: Kairet T. , Godet S. , Degrez M. , Alexandre S.
Published: December 2022

In this study, two copper powders with different size distribution are applied to aluminum substrates using cold gas dynamic spraying. The powders are sprayed with helium gas at ambient temperature and at 200 °C. Investigators measure oxide content in the powders and correlate it with in-flight particle velocity, deposition efficiency, particle deformation, and coating properties including microhardness, structure, and dislocation density.
Effects of Gas Temperature, Gas Pressure, and Particle Characteristics on Cold Sprayed Pure Titanium Coatings
Authors: Wong W. , Rezaeian A. , Yue S. , Irissou E. , Legoux J.-G.
Published: December 2022

This work investigates the influence of nitrogen gas pressure and temperature on the structure and properties of cold sprayed titanium coatings. Two guns were used to assess the effect of impinging particle temperature. Particle speed was measured and used to calculate critical velocity for selected experimental conditions. The results show that increasing the temperature and pressure of the gas propellant reduces coating porosity and increases hardness, flattening ratio, and deposition efficiency. At the maximum pressure and temperature (40 bar and 800 °C) for nitrogen gas, coating density was close to the value reported for cold sprayed titanium produced using helium as the propellant.
Investigation of Aluminum Coating with Dispersed Nanoscale Quasicrystalline Particles Produced by Cold Spray
Authors: Hishida M. , Fujita M. , Sakaki K.
Published: December 2022

In this study, an aluminum coating with dispersed quasicrystalline particles is produced by cold spraying. The spraying was done using helium gas at a temperature of 400 °C. The obtained coating exhibited a relatively precise microstructure with almost no macroscopic voids. X-ray and TEM analyses confirmed that the coating retained its quasicrystal structure on the surface as well as internally. TEM analysis also revealed that metallic bonding occurred at powder-powder and powder-substrate interfaces. Although the hardness of the coating was higher than that of extruded bulk alloy, tensile strength was found to be much lower, which is attributed to defects at particle-particle interfaces.
Kinetic Metallization – Coating Development System
Authors: Tapphorn R. , Gabel H. , Henness J.
Published: December 2022

This presentation reviews the features and capabilities of the KM-Coating Development System, a tool that provides hands-on experience with the kinetic metallization process. The latest version of the tool incorporates mass flow controllers that facilitate gas mixing and computerized feeding of ultra-fine and highly agglomerating powders. Coatings and spray-formed products produced with the new system are presented along with corresponding material properties.
Toughening of Cold-Sprayed Nanostructured WC-12Co Deposit through Using Multimodal WC Particles and Annealing
Authors: Yang G.-J. , Gao P.-H. , Li C.-J. , Li C.-X.
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of multimodal powders and annealing on cold sprayed deposits. In the experiments, a multimodal WC-Co powder containing micro- and nano-sized particles was prepared by ball milling and deposited on stainless steel substrates. The hardness of the resulting layer was comparable to that of the nanostructured WC-Co bulk and its fracture toughness reached a level close to that of the microstructured bulk. It is thus shown that with multimodal particle distribution cold-sprayed WC-Co can be simultaneously strengthened and toughened. Investigators also show that interface cohesion between WC and cobalt phases can be improved by annealing, which leads to further toughening as well.
Properties of Powders, Coatings and Consolidated Components Produced from Nano- and Near-Nano Crystalline Powders
Authors: Schroeder S. , Melnyk C. , Grant D. , Gansert R. , Saha G. , Glenesk L.
Published: December 2022

This study examines the influence of nano- and near-nano grains in bulk powder metal processing thus providing a baseline for understanding the potential of nanopowders for thermal spray application. Two light alloys (Al and Ti) and two tungsten carbide blends (WC-NiCrBSi and WC-CoCr) are cryomilled into nanocrystalline powders. The nanopowders are consolidated via hot isostatic pressing or spark plasma sintering and tested along with consolidated forms of virgin (micron scale) grains, shedding light on property improvements achieved through nanograined materials. HVOF coatings produced from nano- and micro-crystalline powders are tested as well, and the results are correlated with the improvements observed in the consolidated material forms.
A Deposition Model for Wire Arc Spraying and Its Computationally Efficient Simulation
Authors: Wiederkehr T. , Müller H. , Krebs B. , Abdulgader M.
Published: December 2022

Computer simulations of thermal spray coating processes can accelerate the development of new products by minimizing the need for prototypes. An important aim of these simulations is the calculation of the coating distribution on the surface of a given workpiece with respect to a given movement path of the spray gun. In this paper, a novel approach for computing coating distribution on arbitrarily complex freeform surfaces is presented. In contrast to approaches that implement symmetric deposition models, the presented concept is based on a rotationally asymmetric model, making it particularly well suited for wire arc spraying as turbulences caused by electrodes in the gas flow often result in asymmetric coating distributions. In order to obtain the required knowledge base to derive the deposition model and verify the simulation, basic experiments were made. The simulation concept and experimental setup are presented in the paper along with the results.
Industrial and Research Activities in Thermal Spray Technology in the Nordic Region of Europe
Authors: Vuoristo P. , Nylén P.
Published: December 2022

This paper provides an overview of thermal spray activities in Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. In Finland, thermal spray technology has widest use in pulp and paper processing, protecting various types of rolls and cylinders. In Sweden, the technology is of great importance in the manufacture of aero engines and industrial gas turbines. In Norway, thermal spraying is widely used in offshore applications, including subsea oil drilling enterprises, and in Denmark, thermal spraying is used in boilers, maritime diesel engines, and for wear resistance of machine tool components. Development and innovation in thermal spray technology in northern Europe is dominated by research conducted in Finland and Sweden, followed by Denmark and Norway.
Influence of Powder Properties and Plasma Spray Conditions on Erosion Resistance of Yttrium Oxide Coatings against Halogen Plasma for Dry Etching Process in Semiconductor and Electronic Applications
Authors: Ibe H. , Sato K. , Yuasa F. , Mizuno H. , Kitamura J.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the influence of plasma spray conditions on the structural, mechanical, and plasma-erosion properties of yttrium oxide coatings. Powder feed rate, plasma power, and primary particle size appear to have little effect on plasma erosion properties, hardness, surface morphology, and coating structure. However, a Y2O3 coating produced with fine powder retained a smooth erosion surface despite its porosity and relatively low hardness.
Effect of Mn on the Formation of Pickups on Thermal Spray Coatings
Authors: Huang T.-S. , Yu C.-S. , Wu J.-R. , Liou H.-Y. , Hsieh S.-H. , Huang T.-K. , Su C.-Y.
Published: December 2022

Thermal spray coatings have been applied on furnace rolls in continuous annealing lines to improve product quality and prolong roll service life. The most common defects formed on working furnace rolls are oxide pickups. In this study, HVOF sprayed cermet coatings are used to duplicate pickups by reacting with iron and manganese oxides. The reactions are performed in a furnace at 900 °C with inert gas flow. After testing for eight days, large Mn-rich pickups were formed on the coatings while pickups without Mn were very small. Mn was shown to enhance the reaction between the coating and the iron oxide. Pickups from a furnace roll were also investigated and compared with the laboratory samples.
Advances of Thermal Sprayed Carbon Roller in Paper Industry
Authors: Yoshiya A. , Shigemura S. , Nagai M. , Yamanaka M.
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses the role of thermal spraying in the development of carbon-fiber rollers for web processing equipment. It provides a detailed review of the roller design covering key sizing and selection criteria with emphasis on roller surface performance. It describes the manufacturing process, which includes the application of a 30-35 mm HVOF-sprayed WC layer, and the tests used to verify that the coating meets design requirements and that the roller will provide stable rotation at ultrahigh speeds, sufficient traction force, and high abrasion resistance. A version of the HVOF-coated carbon-fiber roller discussed in this paper is installed in a slitter-winder, running smoothly at speeds up to 4800 rpm with no abrasive wear.
Thermal-Sprayed CFRP Rolls with Resistance to Thermal Shock and Wear for Papermaking Machines
Authors: Nagai M. , Shigemura S. , Yoshiya A.
Published: December 2022

Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) rolls are increasingly employed in manufacturing equipment due to their light weight, high stiffness, and low inertia and flexure. These rolls, however, are rarely used without a surface coating due to their lack of wear resistance and gripping properties. This paper examines the effects of thermal shock on an experimental carbide-type cermet coating deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying on a CFRP test roll. After thermal shock testing, coating cracks and peeling were observed. The underlying cause was determined and an improved coating, a nickel-base composite with high thermal shock resistance, has been developed, tested, and put to use in a papermaking line, where the rolls have been maintenance-free for more than four years.
Study on Corrosion Behavior of Cold Sprayed Al-αAl2O3 Deposit on AZ91D Alloy
Authors: Xiong T. , Tao Y. , Sun C. , Jin H. , Du H. , Li T.
Published: December 2022

A composite coating using mixed powders of pure Al and α-Al2O3 as feedstock was deposited on AZ91D alloy substrate by cold spraying. The content of α-Al2O3 in mixed powders was 50wt%. Electrochemical experiments were carried out using 3.5wt.% NaCl solution as electrolyte. Because of dense structure, the composite coating could separate substrate from electrolyte thoroughly for long time immersion. The corrosion behavior of the composite coating was evaluated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. It is found that the composite coating presented much better corrosion resistance than bare AZ91D alloy, even than bulk 1050 aluminum by electrochemical studies in 3.5wt.% NaCl solution.
Thin and Dense Ceramic Coatings by Plasma Spraying at Very Low Pressure
Authors: Mauer G. , Vaßen R. , Stöver D.
Published: December 2022

Very low pressure plasma spraying (VLPPS) processes operate at a pressure of approximately 100 Pa, where the interaction of the plasma jet with the surrounding atmosphere is very weak and, as a result, plasma velocity is almost constant over a long distance from the nozzle exit. At these low pressures, the collision frequency is distinctly reduced and the mean free path is strongly increased. As a consequence, the specific enthalpy of the plasma is substantially higher, but at lower density. These particular plasma characteristics offer enhanced possibilities to spray thin and dense ceramics compared to conventional processes which operate in the pressure range between 5 and 20 kPa. This paper presents examples of gas-tight and electrically insulating layers with thicknesses less than 50 μm for solid oxide fuel cell applications. Plasma spraying of oxygen conducting membrane materials like perovskite is also discussed.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Flame-Sprayed PEEK Coating Remelted by Laser Process
Authors: Zhang C. , Liao H. , Costil S. , Coddet C. , Zhang G.
Published: December 2022

In this investigation, flame spraying is used to deposit polyether ether ketone (PEEK) layers on stainless steel substrates and CO2 and Nd:YAG laser remelting treatments are performed to densify the deposited material. Microstructural analysis of the as-sprayed and remelted coatings shows that both lasers are suitable for densifying PEEK polymer layers on stainless steel and that the resulting crystalline structure depends on laser processing parameters. Hardness measurements and tribological and scratch tests are also carried out and the results are correlated with microstructure.
Study of the Splat-Substrate Interface for a PEEK Coating Plasma-Sprayed onto Aluminum Substrates
Authors: Wu J. , Munroe P.R. , Withy B. , Hyland M.M.
Published: December 2022

In this study, single splats of polyether ether ketone were plasma sprayed onto aluminum substrates that had been boiled, etched, or polished and then thermally treated, except for one etched substrate, to remove water from the surface. Splat morphology was viewed in a scanning electron microscope and splat-substrate interfaces were examined using TEM and focused ion beam imaging. The results show that PEEK splats have a poor level of contact on aluminum substrates that were boiled and those that were etched but not thermally treated. In contrast, specimens that had undergone thermal treatment to minimize the presence of water on the substrate surface exhibited high levels of contact at the splat-substrate interface with significantly less porosity.
Influence of Powder Structure on the Micro-Hardness and Fracture Toughness of Cold-Sprayed WC-12Co Deposit
Authors: Gao P.-H. , Yang G.-J. , Li C.-J. , Li C.-X.
Published: December 2022

In this study, WC-12Co powders with multimodal-sized WC particles were prepared by ball milling and deposited onto stainless steel substrates by cold spraying. Microhardness and fracture toughness were measured on cross-sections by the indentation approach. Coatings produced from powders with small carbide particles, resulting from long milling times, were found to exhibit high microhardness and high fracture toughness. Deposits sprayed with high porosity powders produced by cold compaction had low microhardness, but high fracture toughness.
Development of Thermal Spray Coatings with Corrosion Protection and Antifouling Properties
Authors: Murakami K. , Shimada M.
Published: December 2022

In this investigation, aluminum-copper, aluminum-zinc, and zinc coatings were flame sprayed onto a sand-blasted mild steel substrate. The coatings were immersed in seawater and were examined on a monthly basis using EDS and XRD analysis to assess corrosion and marine fouling behaviors. The spraying and test procedures are described and the results are presented and discussed. Zinc and aluminum-zinc coatings with high zinc content proved to have good anti-corrosion and anti-fouling properties, but the aluminum-copper coatings did not.
Cooling in Thermal Spraying – CO2 and Its Advantages
Authors: Kroemmer W. , Heinrich P.
Published: December 2022

Advances in thermal spraying are occurring in two general directions. On the one hand, spray processes are becoming colder, facilitating the production of oxide-free coatings in air atmospheres. On the other hand, new systems are being developed that enable higher powder throughput, thus making production faster and more efficient. In order to lock in these time-saving advantages, more and more applications are using CO2 as a cooling medium to increase cooling efficiency and optimize spraying processes. This paper provides an overview of the use of CO2 and its suitability for new applications.
Internal Diameter Coating Production by Pulsed Gas Dynamic Spraying
Authors: Jodoin B. , Yandouzi M.
Published: December 2022

The aim of this work is to assess the ability of pulsed gas dynamic spraying to deposit coatings on the inside surface of cylindrical workpieces. Thick dense copper coatings are produced on flat surfaces and on the inner surface of cylindrical workpieces using a specially designed gun extension. The coatings are evaluated based on microstructure and microhardness in order to determine if the copper has the same characteristics on all surfaces. A comparison between pulsed gas and cold gas dynamic sprayed copper coatings is also presented.
Electric Characteristics of Plasma Arc Produced by Bi-Anode Torch
Authors: An L.T. , Gao Y.
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses the double-arc phenomenon that occurs in plasma arc spraying and its prevention through the use of a bi-anode torch. It also presents the results of a study that compares voltage-current characteristics of the arc for different plasma gases and arc root attachment points. It is shown that the arc has different electrical characteristics when changing from the first to the second anode, which is explained using a simplified arc model.
MMCs Coatings with High SiC Volume Fraction Retention by Pulsed-Gas Dynamic Spraying
Authors: Yandouzi M. , Richer P. , Jodoin B.
Published: December 2022

Aluminum-based composite coatings reinforced with different volume fractions of SiC particles were deposited on aluminum substrates by means of pulsed gas dynamic spraying using a mechanically mixed composite feedstock powder. Microstructural features of the coatings are examined and their hardness is reported. The results show that the high fraction of SiC particles in the feedstock powder are retained in the coatings and that increasing SiC content in the aluminum matrix significantly improves coating hardness. The highest hardness value was obtained for a coating with 28 vol% SiC. Beyond that, coating hardness decreased, which is attributed to increasing porosity and decreasing cohesion between deposited aluminum-based particles.
Wear and Corrosion Behavior of HVOF-Sprayed WC-CoCr Coatings on Al Alloys
Authors: Bolelli G. , Lusvarghi L. , Barletta M. , Karhail V.
Published: December 2022

In this study, WC-CoCr coatings were deposited on an aluminum substrate by HVOF spraying. Layer thicknesses between 50 and 150 μm were achieved by stepwise increase of the number of torch scans. The stepwise method is shown to make the coatings not only thicker, but also denser due to peening effects and changes in the splat formation mechanism. It also explains the incremental improvement in coating hardness and corrosion and wear resistance observed over the first few torch scans, the largest of which occurs between the second and third scans. The coatings are also compared to anodized films and were found to have superior wear and impact resistance but less resistance to corrosion.
Characterization of Boron Carbide Thermal Sprayed Coatings for High Wear Resistance Performance
Authors: Rosales M. , Camargo F. , Lima C.R.C.
Published: December 2022

The aim of this work is to assess the potential of HVOF-sprayed boron carbide-based coatings for protecting surfaces against abrasive wear. The results are evaluated by microstructure characterization, microhardness measurements, and adhesion and wear tests.
First aid assistance for burns for students of Muhammadiyah 1 Senior High School of Pontianak City
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Makmuriana Lestari , Junaidi Junaidi , Ervita Ledy , Magdalena Maria , Aristy Meli Shinta
Published: December 2022

Burns are an emergency problem that can occur anywhere and anytime. An emergency is often a serious and sometimes dangerous situation that occurs suddenly and requires immediate action to save lives. Burns are tissue damage or loss caused by contact with heat sources such as fire, hot water, chemicals, electricity and radiation. Therefore, this activity aims to increase the knowledge of the students of SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak City in performing first aid on burns and to encourage the active role of students in handling burns. This service uses an action research method with a participatory action program approach. After conducting health education about the first treatment of burns, it was found that there was an increase in students' knowledge and understanding of the first treatment of burns.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ MÜZİK ETKİNLİKLERİNE İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DALGAR Gül , KAYTEZ Nazan
Published: December 2022

Araştırmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının müzik etkinliklerine ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan 23 okul öncesi öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “ Görüşme Formu” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının çoğunluğu dersi pandemi döneminde uzaktan aldığı için verimli geçmediğini, ders içeriğinin genişletilmesi gerektiğini, müzik etkinlikleri kapsamında çoğunlukla şarkılar, ritim oyunları ve tekerlemeler gibi konulara değinildiğini, okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının kullanabileceği farklı müzik aletlerinin tanıtılmadığını ifade etmişlerdir. Öğretmen adaylarının çoğunluğu müzik etkinlikleri planlarken müzik, hareket ve oyunu birleştirdiğini, müzik merkezlerinde özellikle davul trampet el ve parmak zili, ritim çubukları, def, tahta kaşıklar ve parmak zili gibi vurmalı materyallerin olması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Çoğunluğu bir müzik aleti çalmayı bilmektedir ve mezun olduktan sonra çocuklarla müzik etkinlikleri konusunda eğitim almak istemektedir. Öğretmen adaylarına göre müzik etkinlikleri okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının en fazla bilişsel gelişimlerini desteklemektedir.
Sergei Vasilievich Vonsovskii, Scientist and Reader
Authors: Kamalova Olga
Published: December 2022

Sergei Vasilievich Vonsovskii (1910–1998), also spelled Vonsovsky, a brilliant Russian scientist in the field of magnetism and solid state physics, organizer and manager of science, Full Member of the USSR / Russian Academy of Sciences, and founder of the Urals’ scientific school in the physics of magnetic phenomena, attached great importance to books. When working on his numerous articles and monographs, Vonsovskii always used all available sources. For him, familiarizing himself with the latest scientific periodicals was a matter of professional competence while fiction gave him opportunities for reflections and was a source of delight.
The article describes the range of Vonsovskii’s interests in reading. The sources for our analysis were the documents from “Academician S. V. Vonsovskii’s Personal Fonds” deposited at the Central Scientific Library of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSL UB RAS), and his personal collection of books that comprised two parts. The first of these is a part of the preserved family library assembled by his parents, Sofia Ivanovna and Vasily Semyonovich Vonsovskii. Many books from this collection bear the traces of existence (the autographs and marks made by family members, book shop stamps) and can be regarded as family chronicle of a kind. The second part comprises scientific literature used by Sergei Vasilievich in his work (it was handed over to CSL UB RAS from the scientist’s study). Additional information was drawn from the memories of Vonsovskii himself, his colleagues and his pupils.
In addition to his personal library, Vonsovskii also used the literature from CSL UB RAS, as evidenced by several inscriptions in the book circulation cards. Sergei Vasilievich also chaired the Library Board for several decades. As he wrote in his memories, “in my whole life, my scientific and public activities, the book has been playing a huge role, sometimes, probably, a decisive one”.
Senj i izbori za Hrvatski sabor u kontekstu razvojačenja
Authors: Matković Stjepan
Published: December 2022

Ovaj članak bavi se razmatranjem saborskih izbora na području grada Senja i njegovim upravnim statusom uoči razvojačenja Vojne krajine. U obzir su uzete i bitne odrednice koje su javljaju neposredno nakon tzv. provincijaliziranja, kad je Senj ponovo stekao civilnu upravu u sklopu Banske Hrvatske. Autor ukazuje na izvore nezadovoljstva Senjana njihovim položajem u sastavu Vojne krajine i na njihove težnje da s obnovom ustavnosti u Monarhiji povrate svoju gradsku autonomiju u građanskome dijelu Hrvatske. Težnja za razvojačanjem došla je do izražaja u saborskim raspravama na kojima su se jednoglasno razni zastupnici zalagali za interese grada Senja i njegovih građana, smatrajući da je glavni način za poticanje privrednih djelatnosti u odbacivanju utjecaja vojne uprave.
Pojęcie i kompetencje konferencji biskupów
Authors: Banduła Paweł
Published: December 2022

Konferencje biskupów są następstwem spotkań apostołów. Powstały z inicjatywy oddolnej i początkowo miały charakter prywatny. Celem takich spotkań było ustalanie jednakowego sposobu nauczania prawd wiary i normowania dyscypliny kościelnej. Stolica Apostolska rozumiała potrzebę takich spotkań biskupów i na nie zezwalała. Od pontyfikatu Piusa IX zaczęto doceniać i wspierać formę spotkań biskupów tworzących konferencje. Podczas dyskusji soborowych dostrzeżono potrzebę regulacji prawnej tej instytucji w Kościele. Swoje uregulowanie konferencja biskupów znalazła w Kodeksie Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 r. Ustawodawca przyznał konferencji biskupów kompetencje ustawodawcze, wykonawcze i sądownicze. Kompetencje te, zawarte w poszczególnych dyspozycjach ustawodawcy kodeksowego, tworzą katalog spraw wymagających uregulowania przez konferencję biskupów.
Hidden in plain sight: A qualitative exploration of teachers and children’s perspectives on supporting developmental language disorder in school
Authors: Gibbons Maria , Coughlan Karen , Gallagher Aoife
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a difficulty learning, understanding, and using spoken language with lifelong implications for education and well-being. Teachers play a key role in the identification of DLD, in referring children to speech and language therapy services, and in the delivery of supports in school. Research suggests that school staff may benefit from health promotion interventions to increase their awareness and understanding of the condition. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the awareness and understanding of teachers and children about DLD and how these needs can be met in school to inform the development of a locally- responsive health promotion DLD intervention. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with children with DLD (n = 7), and focus groups were held with classroom teachers (n = 7) in schools serving populations of high socioeconomic need using a narrative inquiry approach. A framework analysis was undertaken using the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). RESULTS: Teachers reportedly continue to use a variety of diagnostic terms when describing DLD. All stakeholders discussed the importance of the teacher’s role in making the necessary classroom adjustments to enable children with DLD to achieve and participate. Children provided some practical suggestions regarding how their needs can be met in the classroom. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings highlight the important contextual insights that teachers and children can provide to inform the development of locally responsive, health promotion interventions aimed at increasing awareness, knowledge and actions related to DLD in school.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: Risk factors and management
Authors: Ramadan Rabie , Koryem Islam M. , Fayed Haytham
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: IGM has a diagnostic and treatment dilemma. The etiology of IGM is unknown but some conditions have been discussed as predisposing factors including Oral Contraceptive Pills, pregnancy, breast feeding, reproductive age, hyperprolactinemia, infectious and autoimmune diseases. The current study aimed to determine possible risk factors for IGM and to evaluate our experience in its management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included forty patients with IGM and forty females with normal breasts as a control group. CST treatment was initiated for all patients; patients who responded completely were followed up without surgical intervention. Failure to respond to medical therapy or incidence of corticosteroid-related complications were considered indications for surgical treatment. All patients were followed up for 6 months to detect recurrence. RESULTS: IGM had a significant higher incidence rate in young females within 5 years from the last lactation, smokers, those with hypperprolactinaemia, who had a history of breast feeding and those who received OCP (P = <0.001, <0.001, 0.006, 0.001, 0.023 and 0.027 respectively). The central part of the breast was more affected (9 cases (22.5%)). Multicenteric disease affected 8 cases (20%). Breast Mass was the most common presenting sign. After CST; the mass disappeared in 5 cases (12.5%), mass size reduced in 26 cases (65%) and mass size not affected in 9 cases (22.5%). Surgery was done in whom the mass size was reduced or not affected (35 cases (87.5%)). Disease recurrence was reported in 2 cases (5.7%). CONCLUSION: IGM usually affects females in their childbearing period with multiple risk factors mainly parity, smoking, OCP and breast feeding with wide variation regarding the presenting manifestations. We should start with CST as there is always a chance to avoid unnecessary surgery and combination of both modalities can reduce the incidence of recurrence.