bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell Discharge Testing to Calibrate a Positive-Electrode Open-Circuit-Potential Model for Lithium-Ion Cells
Authors: Lu Dongliang , Trimboli M. Scott , Plett Gregory L.
Published: July 2022

Previous work by our research team has proposed methods to estimate the open-circuit-potential (OCP) vs electrode stoichiometry relationships required by physics-based models of lithium-ion battery cells. It has also shown how to estimate the boundaries of the stoichiometric operating windows of both electrodes as the cell is cycled between 0% and 100% state of charge. In this earlier work, we sought to calibrate the OCP relationships by fitting them to a physics-based multi-species multi-reaction model; however, we have found that even this fitting is insufficient for producing unbiased estimates of the OCP relationships for some common positive-electrode materials such as LCO, NCA, and NMC. The primary contribution of this paper is to propose a new method that can calibrate the positive-electrode OCP relationship and its stoichiometric operating boundaries. It requires only commonly available constant-current discharge data from the cell, and when combined with methods from the earlier papers promises to mitigate the need for cell teardown to find the OCP relationships of a physical cell in many cases. The method is first validated in simulation and is then applied to a physical graphite//NMC cell. Results agree closely with others in the literature that were found using a teardown approach.
Nondestructive EIS Testing to Estimate a Subset of Physics-based-model Parameter Values for Lithium-ion Cells
Authors: Lu Dongliang , Scott Trimboli M. , Fan Guodong , Wang Yujun , Plett Gregory L.
Published: July 2022

This paper is the final installment in a series of articles that collectively shows how to estimate parameter values for lumped-parameter physics-based models of lithium-ion cells without requiring cell teardown. In this paper, we leverage electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to find estimates of all as-yet-unresolved parameter values. The characterization process regresses the measured cell impedance spectrum to exact analytic closed-form expressions of the frequency response of an extended Doyle–Fuller–Newman model to identify thirteen lumped parameters plus multiple reaction-rate constants. A nonlinear optimization algorithm performs the regression, and so it is important to provide reasonable initial parameter estimates and constraints, which we also discuss. As part of this process, the generalized distribution of realization times technique is used to isolate time constants from the two electrodes as well as to calibrate the laboratory EIS-test data. The overall methodology is studied on a virtual cell and on a laboratory cell (both having graphite//NMC chemistries). Parameter estimates found in the simulation study are highly accurate, leading us to have confidence in the values estimated for the physical cell as well.
A Machine Learning-based Multimodal Electrochemical Analytical Device based on eMoSx-LIG for Multiplexed Detection of Tyrosine and Uric Acid in Sweat and Saliva
Authors: Kammarchedu Vinay , Butler Derrick , Ebrahimi Aida
Published: July 2022

Multiplexed detection of biomolecules is of great value in various fields, from disease diagnosis to food safety and environmental monitoring. However, accurate and multiplexed analyte detection is challenging to achieve in mixtures using a single device/material. In this paper, we demonstrate a machine learning (ML)-powered multimodal analytical device based on a single sensing material made of electrodeposited molybdenum polysulfide (eMoSx) on laser induced graphene (LIG) for multiplexed detection of tyrosine (TYR) and uric acid (UA) in sweat and saliva. Electrodeposition of MoSx shows an increased electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant, k^0. Features are extracted from the electrochemical data in order to train ML models to predict the analyte concentration in the sample (both singly spiked and mixed samples). Different ML architectures are explored to optimize the sensing performance. The optimized ML-based multimodal analytical system offers a limit of detection (LOD) that is two orders of magnitude better than conventional approaches which rely on single peak analysis. A flexible and wearable sensor patch is also fabricated and validated on-body, achieving detection of UA and TYR in sweat over a wide concentration range. While the performance of the developed approach is demonstrated for detecting TYR and UA using eMoSx-LIG sensors, it is a general analytical methodology and can be extended to a variety of electrochemical sensors to enable accurate, reliable, and multiplexed sensing.
The Hematopoietic Function of Medicinal Wine Maoji Jiu Revealed in Blood Deficiency Model Rats
Authors: Xu Yongli , Zeng Fanqiang , Jiang Jianping , Huo Juan , Zhao Chengjian , Yan Zhigang , Li Li
Published: July 2022

Maoji Jiu (MJ), a medicinal wine, has been used commonly by the Chinese to enrich and nourish the blood. In this study, the aim is to examine the hematopoietic function of MJ and investigate its hematopoietic regulation mechanism. Thirty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats (200 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into six groups with six rats in each group. The blood deficiency model was induced by injecting hypodermically with N-acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) and injecting intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide (CTX), and treatment drugs were given by oral gavage twice a day for continuous 10 days from the start of the experiments. The administration of MJ improved the levels of white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) in the blood deficiency model rats. Hematopoietic effect involves regulating the antioxidant activity in the liver and the levels of Bcl-2, Bax, erythropoietin (EPO), transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β1), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) mRNA in spleen tissues to enhance extramedullary hematopoiesis. This study suggests that MJ has a beneficial effect on blood deficiency model rats.
Integrated Wiring System of Intelligent Building Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Du Lingxia
Published: July 2022

In order to explore how the intelligent building can realize the integrated wiring system, the author proposes an integrated wiring system for the intelligent building based on the Internet of Things. This method recommends key technical problems and solutions based on the information represented by the Internet of Things and explores the research on the realization of integrated wiring systems in intelligent buildings. Research has shown that the integrated wiring system of intelligent buildings based on the Internet of Things can solve the shortcomings of traditional buildings, and the happiness index of occupants has increased by about 15%. In the future, a building will be a platform, and each building will be an IoT unit and a cell body, making the Internet of Buildings possible and building a big data platform for the Internet of Buildings.
Fabrication of Nanofiber Flexible Pressure Sensor and Application in Human Motion Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Shuhua , Tu Xiaohong , Shao Qiang , Zhang Huan , Liu Shuai
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, people are increasingly concerned about body mass index and monitoring human movement has become a necessity for most people, and the nanofiber flexible pressure sensor fully meets people’s needs, so the research on a nanofiber flexible pressure sensor is very meaningful. The purpose of this article is to study a sensor with high sensitivity of the nanofiber material of PVDF thin films. And this article conducts experiments through the prepared pressure sensor and other sensors, which test the three movements of humans taking off, squatting, and running. This article calculates the correct recognition rate, false-negative rate, and false-positive rate and then compares them. The experimental data show that the correct recognition rate of PVDF thin-film nanomaterials is as high as 90%, and the recognition rate of non-nanomaterial pressure sensors is even less than 80%. Nanomaterial pressure sensors will have more room for development.
High CHAF1A Expression Levels Are Positively-Correlated with PD-L1 Expression and Indicate Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Bao Zhehan , Zhang Yanqiang , Yu Pengcheng , Wang Yi , Hu Can , Xia Yuhang , Yuan Li , Xu Zhiyuan , Cheng Xiangdong
Published: July 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the expression of chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit A (CHAF1A) in gastric cancer (GC) and clinicopathological features, disease prognosis, and expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Material and Methods. A total of 140 GC tissue specimens were collected between January 2013 and December 2017. CHAF1A expression in GC and paracancerous tissues was determined. Then, the associations between CHAF1A expression level in the collected tissues and clinicopathological features as well as PD-L1 expression level were investigated. Cox regression analyses were carried out to determine whether CHAF1A is an independent prognostic factor for GC. Finally, the association between CHAF1A expression levels and survival of the GC patients was investigated. Results. A significantly higher level of CHAF1A expression in GC tissues was found compared to that in paracancerous tissues (

p
=
0.042

). CHAF1A expression level in GC tissues was found to be strongly associated with family history (

p
=
0.005

), smoking history (

p
=
0.016

), T stage (

p
=
0.001

), tumor marker AFP (

p
=
0.017

), tumor marker CEA (

p
=
0.027

), and PD-L1 expression (

p
=
0.029

). CHAF1A expression was also found to be positively correlated to PD-L1 expression (

p
=
0.012

). Moreover, high CHAF1A expression levels were found to lead to poor prognosis (

p
=
0.019

). Univariate and multivariate analyses all showed that CHAF1A was an independent poorer prognostic factor for gastric cancer (

p
=
0.021

, HR = 1.175, 95% CI: 1.090–2.890 for univariate analyses;

p
=
0.014

, HR = 2.191, 95% CI:1.170–4.105 for multivariate analyses). A high level of CHAF1A expression was thus found to be an independent risk factor for GC prognosis. Conclusion. High CHAF1A expression is associated with poor GC prognosis and positively correlated to PD-L1 expression. Thus, CHAF1A expression level may be used as a novel biomarker for GC diagnosis.
Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Efflux Pump by O‐Eugenol and Its Toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster Animal Model
Authors: Macêdo Nair Silva , de Sousa Silveira Zildene , Cordeiro Paula Patrícia Marques , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo , Júnior José Pinto Siqueira , Júnior Lucindo José Quintans , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Kim Bonglee , da Cunha Francisco Assis Bezerra , da Silva Márcia Vanusa
Published: July 2022

Background. Efflux pumps are transmembrane proteins that expel drugs out of a bacterial cell contributing to microorganism drug resistance. Several studies addressing the use of natural products with medicinal properties have intensified given the above. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity and the O‐eugenol potential in Staphylococcus aureus resistance reversal by efflux pump inhibition, as well as to evaluate its toxicity in the Drosophila melanogaster arthropod model. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the O‐eugenol efflux pump inhibition. For the D. melanogaster toxicity assays, mortality and locomotor system damage were performed using the fumigation method. Results. O‐eugenol presented a MIC of 1024 μg/mL against S. aureus. The association of this compound with the antibiotic tetracycline demonstrated a synergistic effect (p < 0.0001), this also being observed when the antibiotic was associated with ethidium bromide (p < 0.0001); thus, these results may be attributable to an efflux pump inhibition. The D. melanogaster mortality and geotaxis assays revealed the compound is toxic, with an EC50 of 18 μg/mL within 48 hours of exposure. Conclusions. While we can conclude that the tested product has an efflux pump inhibitory effect, further studies are needed to elucidate its mechanisms of action, in addition to assays using other strains to verify whether the substance has the same inhibitory effect.
Coal Spontaneous Combustion Temperature Prediction Based on Fuzzy Combined Kernel Relevance Vector Machine
Authors: Wang Jingting , Mu Kun , Liu Bao
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a fuzzy combined kernel relevance vector machine method for the coal spontaneous combustion temperature prediction to avoid the shortcomings of traditional machine learning algorithms, such as the large prediction error, the weak generalization ability of the single kernel function, and the inability to deal with abnormal values. First, build a platform to simulate the coal spontaneous combustion scene and obtain the data of different index gas concentrations and the coal spontaneous combustion temperature through experiments. Second, the fuzzy algorithm is used to give the training samples different membership degrees with attention, so as to reduce the influence of outliers on the model. Third, the combined kernel function weighted by the polynomial kernel function and Gaussian kernel function is used to construct the input sample matrix to map the data from the low-dimensional space to a high-dimensional space, so as to obtain a better training model. Finally, the fuzzy combined kernel relevance vector machine model is constructed and compared with methods based on the radial basis function neural network, least squares support vector machine, Gaussian kernel relevance vector machine, and combined kernel relevance vector machine to verify the effectiveness of prediction for coal spontaneous combustion temperature. The results show that the fuzzy combined kernel relevance vector machine not only has the characteristics of strong generalization ability and weakening the influence of abnormal data, but also with a more sparse model, which is suitable for the prediction of coal spontaneous combustion temperature.
Pregnancy Outcome and Postnatal Chromosome Analysis of the Cord Blood and Chorionic Villi in Two Cases after Intrauterine Transfer of Mosaic Aneuploid Blastocysts
Authors: Ito Yuki , Kamide Taizan , Taniguchi Kosuke , Sato Taisuke , Yamamura Michihiro , Konishi Akiko , Takahashi Ken , Kishi Hiroshi , Hata Kenichiro , Samura Osamu , Okamoto Aikou
Published: July 2022

The long-term prognosis and genetic mechanism of pregnancy after intrauterine mosaic aneuploid blastocyst transfer remain unknown. We report the case of two babies after the aforementioned procedure and chromosomal analysis of their cord blood and chorionic villi. Case Report 1. A 41-year-old primipara, with two previous spontaneous abortions, was pregnant after intrauterine transfer of a blastocyst carrying 40% mosaicism of long-arm monosomy of chromosome 5. The amniocentesis results were 46,XX. A cesarean section was performed at 39 weeks. The female infant was 3,315 g at birth. Case Report 2. A 44-year-old primipara, with two spontaneous abortions, was pregnant after intrauterine transfer of a blastocyst carrying 40% mosaicism of long-arm monosomy of chromosome 9 and monosomy of chromosome 14. After genetic counselling, she decided not to undergo amniocentesis. No abnormalities were found by ultrasound. A cesarean section was performed at 38 weeks. The male infant was 3,340 g at birth. Chromosome analyses of postnatal cord blood and chorionic villi were performed using SNP arrays. The cord blood and chorionic villi showed no chromosomal structural abnormalities or mosaicism. For both, no disorders were observed at 10 months of age. We experienced the birth of babies after intrauterine transfer of mosaic aneuploid blastocysts.
X-Ray Cephalometric Analysis of the Effects of Angle Class II and III Malocclusion on the Upper Airway Width and Hyoid Position between Parents and Children of Uygur Nationality
Authors: Cheng Lijun , Jiang Yuxin , Man Shasha , Wang Yanan , Yang Yan , Zhou Mi
Published: July 2022

Objective. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of angle class II and III malocclusion on the sagittal diameter of the upper airway between parents and children of Uygur nationality and to compare the degree of influence. Methods. 29 Uygur adolescents with malocclusion and their fathers (mothers) were selected as our subjects via X-ray cephalometric radiograph to analyze the difference between the upper airway sagittal dimension and normal occlusion and compare the influence of malocclusion on the upper airway between parents and children. Results. Compared with normal group, the vertical distance from the hyoid point to orbital-ear plane (H-FH) and vertical distance from hyoid point to the mandibular plane (H-MP) in angle class II malocclusion elevated signally, while the vertical distance from hyoid point to anterior cervical plane (H-VL), PNS-UPW, H-FH, and H-MP decreased significantly; compared with normal group: the distance between the posterior nasal spine and the upper pharynx wall (PNS-UPW), H-FH, and H-MP in angle class III malocclusion visually reduced, while PAS, and horizontal distance from the hyoid point and center point of sella turcica to orbital-ear foot (H-S), increased markedly. The impact of class II malocclusion on parents’ U-MPM was greater than their children. Conclusion. The oropharyngeal space of upper airway becomes smaller and hyoid shifts downwards due to class II malocclusion. Class III malocclusion results in decreased nasopharyngeal gap with hyoid to shift upward. The influence of class II malocclusion on the upper pharyngeal tract of parents was greater than their children.
Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Not All Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins Are the Same, Focus on Tinzaparin, A Narrative Review
Authors: Fioretti Agnese Maria , Leopizzi Tiziana , Puzzovivo Agata , Giotta Francesco , Lorusso Vito , Luzzi Giovanni , Oliva Stefano
Published: July 2022

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is the second main cause of cancer death with high related mortality and morbidity, leading to anticancer agent delays and interruptions. The recommended therapy, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), however, is burdensome for patients and costly for society, as treatment should last until cancer is no longer active, even indefinitely. Tinzaparin is a manageable, efficient, safe, and cost-effective option. Compared to the other LMWHs, advantages are single-daily dose and safety in the elderly and those with renal impairment (RI). The purpose of this review is to critically discuss recent data on its efficacy and safety in CAT.
Clinical Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Evidence Map
Authors: Wang Ying , Dai Zelei , Wang Qin , He Ying , Peng Yalan , Wu Miaomiao , Song Haiqi , Ma Long , Zhang Yonggang , Li Nian
Published: July 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a common disease with a complex etiology in the world, is an important risk factor for severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, treatments of T2DM are mainly based on Western medicine, whose severe side effects make traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy more appealing to patients and clinicians. The overall clinical evidence for different TCM therapies in the treatment of T2DM is still unclear. This study aimed to adopt the evidence-mapping method and integrate the evidence from various researches on this topic, to depict the whole picture of TCM therapies for T2DM. This review included searches of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and three major Chinese literature databases (CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang) from inception to November 18, 2021. Two independent reviewers screened the literature, extracted information, and evaluated the quality of all included studies. A systematic review was subsequently performed. In total, 47 studies were reviewed, of which 46 studies (97.9%) were from China and 1 (2.1%) was from Canada. The evidence map was conducted according to different TCM therapies, including herbs or herbal extracts, compounds, powders, decoctions, pills, external treatment, basic theories and treatment principles of TCM, proprietary Chinese medicines, and unspecified TCM integrated therapies. According to the AMSTAR-2 scoring results, 4 papers were rated as high quality, 11 were low quality, and 32 were very low quality. Outcome indicators mainly focused on FBG, HbA1c, 2-h PBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, etc. The results showed that different types of TCM treatment had different improvement effects on the outcome indicators of T2DM. More consistent benefits were observed in the improvement of FBG, HbA1c, and 2-h PBG with treatment regimens based on basic theories and treatment principles of TCM, decoctions and pills, and unspecified TCM integrated therapies. Among herbs, ginger and Coptis root showed more improvement in all outcomes. Compounds, powders, and external treatment showed relatively consistent beneficial effects on the improvement of FBG. No serious adverse events were reported. Overall, the current evidence map provided an intuitive overview of the beneficial effects of TCM therapies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This study can be used as a reference for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in T2DM, but due to the low-quality level of the included studies, it should be treated with caution in clinical practices.
A Nonlinear Power Feedback Improvement of the Ship Course-Keeping Controller
Authors: Hu Yancai , Su Wenxue , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Yan , Wang Caifan
Published: July 2022

In order to simplify the design process of the controller, improve the robustness of the system, and save the energy output of the controller, a controller improved by nonlinear feedback is designed. First of all, by constructing the Lyapunov function, the controller design process is simplified, and the nonlinear control law is avoided to cancel the nonlinear term of the system; then, the heading error processed by the power function is used to replace the nonlinear feedback term of the heading error itself; finally, the training ship “Yupeng” was used as an example for system simulation. Compared with the pure backstepping method, the simulation results show that the average energy cost of heading keeping of the proposed algorithm is reduced by 21.7%, and the maximum energy cost of heading tracking is reduced by 34.9%, with the strong anti-interference ability. Studies have shown that the introduction of nonlinear feedback terms can optimize the control system, save energy, and enhance robustness, which is of great significance in practical engineering applications.
Implications of Ezetimibe in Combination with Low- to Moderate-Intensity Atorvastatin Adjuvant Aspirin Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Wang Lijie , Tang Xiaoqin
Published: July 2022

Objective. To analyze the significance of ezetimibe in combination with low- to moderate-intensity atorvastatin adjuvant aspirin therapy for cerebrovascular disease. Methods. 110 patients with cerebrovascular disease treated in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected and divided into 55 patients in the control group and 55 patients in the study group according to the lottery method. After a comprehensive examination, patients in the two groups should be given aspirin for treatment; the control group was treated with conventional dose of atorvastatin on top of the above, and the study group was given ezetimibe and medium-low-dose atorvastatin on top of aspirin treatment, activities of daily living (ADL) score, carotid artery intima-media thickness, lipid level, coagulation level, clinical effect, and adverse rate of the two groups which were tested and compared. Results. After treatment, ADL score, high-density leptin cholesterol (HDL-C), and ATIII levels increased, while carotid artery media thickness, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density leptin cholesterol (LDL-C), DD, PC, and hs-CRP levels decreased (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, ADL score, HDL-C, and ATIII levels were higher in the study group. The levels of carotid media thickness, TG, TC, LDL-C, DD, PC, and hs-CRP were significantly lower (

P
<
0.05

). The clinical effect of the study group was outstanding (

P
<
0.05

). The defect rate of the study group was lower than that of the control group, but there was no difference (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Ezetimibe combined with medium- and low-intensity atorvastatin with aspirin in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases can effectively improve the coagulation function of patients, reduce the level of inflammatory factors in patients, and improve the level of blood lipids in patients, with high safety and worthy of clinical application.
How Do Individual Walk Lengths and Speeds, Together with Alighting Flow, Determine the Platform Egress Times of Train Users?
Authors: Leurent Fabien , Liang Kang
Published: July 2022

Egress times of railway passengers from train alighting up to station exit typically amount to some tens of seconds, but with much variability even at the train level. Here, we first model the egress time as the ratio of the walk length to the preferred walk speed, under free-flow conditions. Then, we model the possible occurrence of congestion among the users alighting from a train as a traffic bottleneck affecting those passing at a “queue focal point” during a “queued time interval.” Analytical formulas are provided for the CDF and PDF of egress times, covering the free-flow case and the congested case. Their computation is straightforward for bivariate Gaussian length-speed walk pair. A maximum-likelihood method is developed, together with a quick estimation procedure. A case study of four contrasted trains serving an urban mass transit station in Paris is reported. One train experienced free-flow alighting conditions, whereas each of the other three had its own bottleneck. The MLE method enabled us to recover all parameters but one, due to an issue of identifiability: the solution was to take the mean walk speed as exogenous.
Relationship between Yes-Associated Protein 1 and Prognosis of Digestive System Neoplasm: Quantitative Analysis and Bioinformatics Analysis Based on 4023 Patients
Authors: Yuan Yuan Luo , Shuai Wu , Yuan-Peng Zou , Ting Jiang , Wei Xia , Yu-Qin He
Published: July 2022

Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is involved in the development of a variety of malignancies. However, the prognosis of malignant digestive tumors with YAP1 expression is still controversial. This study searched 31 articles with 36 data sets of 4023 patients to explore the role of YAP1 expression on the prognosis of digestive malignant tumors by searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. Specifically, relevant cancer expression matrix data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In this meta-analysis, quantitative analysis showed that the overexpression of YAP1 was not conducive to OS (1.62, 95% CI (1.38, 1.90),

P
=
0.001

) and DFS (1.59, 95% CI (1.31, 1.93),

P
=
0.001

) in patients with digestive malignant tumors. In addition, TCGA database analysis showed that YAP1 was overexpressed in gastric cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, and colorectal cancer. Survival analysis showed that the patients with high expression of YAP1 in pancreatic cancer have a poor OS (MST: 394 vs. 691 days,

P
<
0.0001

) and DFS (MST: 371 vs. 542 days,

P
=
0.026

) prognosis. YAP1 may be a molecular marker that effectively predicts the survival of malignant digestive tumors, especially pancreatic cancer, and is a potential therapeutic target for malignant digestive tumors.
Research on Information Fusion of Computer Vision and Radar Signals in UAV Target Identification
Authors: Wei Yuan , Hong Tao , Fang Chaoqun
Published: July 2022

As one of the crucial sensing methods, multisensor fusion recognition aids the Internet of Things (IoT) in connecting things through ubiquitous perceptual terminals. The small size, sluggish flying speed, low flight altitude, and low electromagnetic intensity of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have put enormous strain on air traffic management and airspace security. It is urgent to achieve effective UAV target detection. The radio monitoring method, acoustic detection scheme, computer vision, and radar signal detection are commonly used technologies in this field. The radio monitoring approach has low accuracy, the acoustic detection strategy has a limited detection range, computer vision is limited by weather conditions, and the radar signals at low altitudes are influenced by ground clutter. To address these issues, this paper proposes an information fusion strategy based on two levels of fusion: data‐level fusion and decision‐level fusion. In this strategy, Computer vision and radar signals complement each other to improve the detection accuracy. For each level, the method of information fusion is introduced in detail. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the method has been demonstrated by a series of comprehensive experiments. The results show that the accuracy of the fusion method is improved, and the proposed method can still work even when the single method loses function.
Artichoke Leaf Extract‐Mediated Neuroprotection against Effects of Aflatoxin in Male Rats
Authors: Ibrahim Enas A. , Yousef Mokhtar I. , Ghareeb Doaa A. , Augustyniak Maria , Giesy John P. , Aboul-soud Mourad A. M. , El Wakil Abeer
Published: July 2022

Attenuation of adverse effects of aflatoxin (AFB1) in brains of B1 rats by extracts of leaves of artichoke was studied. The active ingredients in extracts of leaves of artichoke, Cynara scolymus L., were determined by HPLC analysis. In the 42‐day experiment, rats were exposed to either sterile water, 4% DMSO, 100 mg artichoke leaf extract/kg body mass, 72 μg aflatoxin B1/kg body mass, or AFB1 plus artichoke leaf extract. Neurotoxicity of AFB1 was determined by an increase in profile of lipids, augmentation of plasmatic glucose and concentrations of insulin, oxidative stress, increased activities of cholinergic enzymes, and a decrease in activities of several antioxidant enzymes and pathological changes in brain tissue. Extracts of artichoke leaf significantly reduced adverse effects caused by AFB1, rescuing most of the parameters to values similar to unexposed controls, which demonstrated that adverse, neurotoxic effects caused by aflatoxin B1 could be significantly reduced by simultaneous dietary supplementation with artichoke leaf extract, which itself is not toxic.
Effects of Dydrogesterone Tablets Combined with Zishen Yutai Pills on Threatened Abortion in Early Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Chen Xuehong , Qiu Xiaoxiao , Jin Yaojuan
Published: July 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of dydrogesterone tablets combined with Zishen Yutai pills on threatened abortion in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. Methods. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 100 patients with threatened abortion in early pregnancy who came to the Linhai Second People’s Hospital/Taizhou Municipal Hospital from January 13, 2021, to January 13, 2022. According to different treatment methods, 48 patients treated with progesterone injection were assigned to the control group (CG), while 52 cases with the combined therapy of dydrogesterone tablets and Zishen Yutai pills were assigned to the observation group (OG). The two groups were compared in terms of the following parameters: treatment efficacy, whole blood high shear viscosity, hematocrit (HCT), plasma fibrinogen (FIB) level, spiral artery pulsatility index (PI), uterine spiral artery blood flow resistance index (RI), lumbar and abdominal pain relief time, hemostasis time, estrogen levels, pregnancy outcomes, neonatal adverse outcomes, and incidence of adverse reactions. Results. Compared with CG, the therapeutic effect in OG was observed to be evidently better, and its pain relief time and hemostasis time in the waist and abdomen were markedly shorter. After treatment, the whole blood high shear viscosity, FIB, RI, PI, and estrogen levels of both groups improved statistically compared with those before treatment, with more significant improvements in OG compared with CG. OG was also superior to CG with markedly lower incidence of preterm birth, miscarriage, neonatal adverse outcomes, and adverse reactions and a drastically higher full-term pregnancy rate. Conclusion. Zishen Yutai pill combined with dydrogesterone tablets is of remarkable therapeutic effect in treatment of early threatened abortion, which can significantly improve clinical symptoms and pregnancy outcomes of patients, with a high safety profile, which is worthy of clinical application.
Autism in Saudi Arabia: Media and the Medical Model of Disability
Authors: Sulaimani Mona F. , Daghustani Wid H.
Published: July 2022

Saudi Arabia as a traditional society is mostly based on the medical model of disability to interpret autism that increases the stigma and the negative social attitude towards the condition. Additionally, the media plays a big role in portraying the condition as a “disorder” that contributes to the cultural judgment within the country. In this paper, the authors reviewed 57 articles between 2011 and 2021 using the databases of Google, Swisscows, and StartPage. Document analysis was used to analyse the data from both journals and newspapers. Results have shown that the studies exploring autism in media are quite limited with almost nonexistent papers on the roles of media and the medical model of disability in the stigmatisation of autism in Saudi Arabia.
Intelligent Optimization Design of Automatic Sorting Robot Process
Authors: Liu Jia , Wang JunFeng , Xu Yuequn
Published: July 2022

In order to further improve the efficiency of sorting robots, an algorithm based on artificial intelligence design is evaluated. On the basis of determining the design requirements of belt conveyor and motor selection, the reverse device and return device and camera bracket sorting car are redesigned, and the sorting car is further analyzed by finite element method. All programs are written based on PLC. The results show that the recognition and sorting rate of 100 express surface orders with the same specifications reaches 100% and the sorting rate reaches 94% by analyzing the data recorded in the database, and the average time consumed in each recognition process is 0.0493097 s and 0.047133 s, respectively, in basic and simulated recognition. The difference did not exceed 0.01 s, and the time was basically the same. Therefore, the scheme verifies the rationality of mechanical structure design, visual scheme design, and control system design.
Vitamin C Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis by Activating the AMPK/Nrf2/HMOX1 Pathway
Authors: Liu Yawen , Huang Pu , Li Zheng , Xu Chunhui , Wang Huizhi , Jia Baoqing , Gong Aihua , Xu Min
Published: July 2022

Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death that displays a promising therapeutic pathway for drug-resistant tumor cells. However, some pancreatic cancer (PC) cells are less sensitive to erastin-induced ferroptosis, and normal pancreatic cells are susceptible to this newly discovered cell death. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find drugs to enhance the sensitivity of these PC cells to erastin while limiting side effects. Here, we found that the oxidized form of vitamin C-dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) can be transported into PC cells expressing high levels of GLUT1, resulting in ferroptosis. Moreover, pharmacological vitamin C combined with erastin can synergistically induce ferroptosis of PC cells involving glutathione (GSH) reduction and ferrous iron accumulation while inhibiting the cytotoxicity of normal cells. Mechanistically, as a direct system Xc- inhibitor, erastin can directly suppress the synthesis of GSH, and the recycling of vitamin C and DHA is performed through GSH consumption, which is denoted as the classical mode. Furthermore, oxidative stress induced by erastin and vitamin C could enhance the expression of HMOX1 via the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway to increase the labile iron level, which is named the nonclassical mode. In vivo experiments showed that erastin and vitamin C can significantly slow tumor growth in PC xenografts. In summary, the combination of erastin and vitamin C exerts a synergistic effect of classical and nonclassical modes to induce ferroptosis in PC cells, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for PC.
A Cohort Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Value of CT Perfusion Imaging in Patients with Metastatic Osteosarcoma after Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Chun qian , Yang Shuai , Zhang Li jing , Ma Jian nan , Chen De qiang
Published: July 2022

Objective. A case-control study was conducted to explore the efficacy of cohort study and value of CT perfusion imaging in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma after chemotherapy. Methods. Eighty patients with metastatic osteosarcoma treated in our hospital from March 2020 to December 2021 were divided into two groups. According to their different treatment methods, the chemotherapy+antiangiogenesis group had 36 cases and the chemotherapy group had 44 cases. All patients were scanned by 64-slice spiral CT before and after treatment. The differences of tumor volume and perfusion parameters before and after treatment were compared, and the correlation between perfusion parameters and tumor microvessel density (MVD) was analyzed. The receiver working curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the efficacy of the two groups after chemotherapy. Results. Blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), Pallak blood volume (PBV), and time to start (TTS) in the antitumor angiogenesis+chemotherapy group were significantly lower than those before treatment (

P
<
0.05

). Microvessel density was positively correlated with PS, BF, BV, and PBV (

P
<
0.05

). The reduction rate of BV and BF in the remission group after treatment was significantly higher than that in the nonremission group. When the BV and BF decline rates were 47.37% and 21.53% and the areas under the curve were 0.968 and 0.916, respectively, the diagnostic effect was the best. When the decrease rate of BV was 47.48% and the decrease rate of BF was 21.55%, the sensitivity was 94.72% and 89.56% and the specificity was 91.31% and 91.31%. Conclusion. The reduction rate of BV and BF in CT perfusion imaging is of high value in evaluating the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC and can provide more objective basis for observing the changes and judging the prognosis of osteosarcoma after treatment.
[Retracted] Quantitative Relationship between the Degree of Lumbar Disc Degeneration and Intervertebral Disc Height in Patients with Low Back Pain
Authors: Zheng Jun , Shen CaiLiang
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to study the relationship between the degree of lumbar disc degeneration and the height of the disc in patients with pain in the lower back and determine whether there is a dose‐response relationship between the two. Eighty‐five patients were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The grade of lumbar degeneration was determined by the Pfirrmann grading system, and the intervertebral height and VAS pain scores were measured. The height difference of intervertebral discs with different degeneration levels was measured by the F test. This difference was correlated and further quantified by regression analysis. Finally, the differences intervertebral disc heights with a VAS score of 0–6 and 7–10 were observed by an independent sample t‐test. The higher degree of disc degeneration in each lumbosacral segment, the lower the intervertebral disc height (p ≤ 0.011). When discs with grade 1 and grade 5 degeneration were excluded, the results remained the same (p ≤ 0.034). To quantify correlations, at each lumbar level, the disc height was reduced for each level of lumbosacral disc degeneration, and the height of disc was reduced after adjusting according to age, sex, and BMI (β range: −1.25 mm to −1.76 mm, 95% CI: −0.83 to −2.29, all p ≤ 0.002). Subjects with a VAS score of 7–10 had a lower intervertebral disc height than those with a VAS score of 0–6, especially with respect to total height levels at L4/5, L5/S1, and L1‐S1 (p ≤ 0.04). This study showed a relationship between increased degree of intervertebral disc degeneration and decreased the disc height in patients with pain in the low back. Although the assessment of lumbar and lumbosacral level disc degeneration involves many qualitative measurements, these statistical data confirm the effectiveness of lumbosacral disc height as a continuous data measure and quantification in clinical trials and epidemiological studies.
Exploring Relationships between Months and Different Crash Types on Mountainous Freeways Using a Combined Modeling Approach
Authors: Zhang Changjian , He Jie , Bai Chunguang , Yan Xintong , Wang Chenwei , Guo Yazhong
Published: July 2022

Investigating the relationship between the months and traffic crashes is a foremost task for the safety improvement of mountainous freeways. Taking a mountainous freeway located in China as an example, this paper proposed a combined modeling framework to identify the relationships between months and different crash types. K-means and Apriori were initially used to extract the monthly distribution patterns of different types of crashes. A graphical approach and a risk calculation equation were developed to assess the output of K-means and Apriori. Then, using the assessment results as the input, a logistic regression model was constructed to quantify the effects of each month on crashes. The results indicate that the monthly distribution patterns of different crash types are inconsistent, i.e., for a specific month, the high risk of a certain crash type may be covered up if experts only focus on the total number of crashes. Moreover, when identified as high-risk months by K-means and Apriori, the crash-proneness will significantly increase several times than months identified as high-risk by only one of K-means and Apriori, thereby illustrating the superior performance of the mix-method. The conclusions can assist local relevant organizations in formulating strategies for preventing different types of traffic crashes in different months (e.g., the risk of rear-end crashes in August, the risk of fixed-object hitting crashes in February, and the risk of overturning crashes in October) and provide a methodological reference for relevant studies in other regions.
ILCS: An Improved Lightweight Convolution Structure and Mixed Interactive Attention for Steel Surface Defect Classification
Authors: Pei Yangjun , Hou Mingyang , Han Qi , Weng Tengfei , Tian Yuan , Chen Guorong , Liu Jinyuan , Wu Chen
Published: July 2022

The classification method of steel surface defects based on deep learning provides a basis for quality control of industrial steel manufacturing. Due to a large number of interference in the steel production area and the limited computing resources of the edge equipment deployed in the production area, it is a challenge to develop a lightweight model to achieve rapid and accurate classification in the case of limited computing resources. In this article, an improved lightweight convolution structure (LCS) is proposed, which combines the separable structure of convolution and introduces depth convolution and point direction convolution instead of the traditional convolutional module, so as to realize the lightweight of the model. In order to ensure the classification accuracy, spatial attention and channel attention are combined to compensate for the accuracy loss after deep convolution and point direction convolution respectively. Further, in order to improve the classification accuracy, a mixed interactive attention module (MIAM) is proposed to enhance the extracted feature information after LCS. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of our method exceeds that of the traditional model, and the number of parameters and the amount of calculation are greatly reduced, which realizes the lightweight of the steel surface defect classification model.
[Retracted] Investigation on Interlaminar Shear Strength and Moisture Absorption Properties of Soybean Oil Reinforced with Aluminium Trihydrate‐Filled Polyester‐Based Nanocomposites
Authors: Natrayan L. , Kaliappan S. , Baskara Sethupathy S. , Sekar S. , Patil Pravin P. , Raja S. , Velmurugan G. , Abdeta Dereje Bayisa
Published: July 2022

In recent years, research has shifted away from conventional materials and alloys to composite materials to create lighter, more efficient materials for specific applications. In order to generate lighter, more efficient materials for specific purposes, research has migrated away from traditional materials and alloys and toward composite materials in current years. Blended microbially nanocomposite that takes advantage of organic flax fibres and nanoreinforced biobased polymers can increase characteristics while keeping the environment in mind. Adding aluminium trihydride (ATH) powder to the natural resin allows it to sustain rigidity without compromising toughness while increasing barrier and mechanical characteristics. Investigation of several composite samples confirmed this positive effect, with systems that contain 10% epoxidized methyl soyate (EMS) and 2.5 wt.% ATH maintains the original resin’s rigidity, strain to fracture, and hygromechanical characteristics while enhancing toughness. Mechanical testing like interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) was found per the standard ASTM testing method. Among the various combinations, the second combinations (77.5 wt.% polyester, 2.5 wt.% ATH, and 20 wt.% of flax fibre) provide the highest value of ILSS (34.31 MPa). Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the fractured surface of the nanocomposites and the degree of dispersion of the ATH filler.
Push-Out Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements in the Presence or Absence of a Smear Layer
Authors: Al-Hiyasat Ahmad S. , Yousef Wafa’a A.
Published: July 2022

Objectives. Variations between the material compositions and the presence of a smear layer on the dentin surface may influence the bond strength of the material, thus this study evaluated the push-out bond strength of different calcium silicate materials to root dentin in the presence or absence of smear layer. Materials and Methods. The palatal canal of sixty maxillary first premolars were prepared and divided into three groups according to the materials to be used: ProRoot WMTA, Biodentine, and TotalFill FS. Each group was then divided into two subgroups; with and without a smear layer. Roots were sectioned into three slices and filled with the tested materials. Push-out bond strength of materials was measured by universal machine. Results. Bond strength of Biodentine was significantly higher than the MTA and TotalFill FS in the presence or absence of smear layer. Overall, removing the smear layer reduced the bond strength of the three materials. The reduction was significant for MTA and TotalFill FS but not for Biodentine. Conclusions. Biodentine demonstrated the highest bond strength to radicular dentin followed by MTA, and then TotalFill FS. Overall, removal of the smear layer from dentin surface reduced the bond strength of the calcium silicate root repair materials.