bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radicals in Ore extensions
Authors: Kim Nam Kyun , Lee Yang
Published: April 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a ring, [Formula: see text] be an automorphism of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be a [Formula: see text]-derivation of [Formula: see text]. We use [Formula: see text] to denote the set of all words composed of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. A [Formula: see text]-ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-prime if whenever [Formula: see text] are such that [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text], we have [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we first introduce the [Formula: see text]-prime ideal and the [Formula: see text]-prime radical of a ring [Formula: see text], to obtain connections between the prime radical of the Ore extension [Formula: see text] and the [Formula: see text]-prime radical of the base ring [Formula: see text]. Based on these results, we next give definitions of the [Formula: see text]-LS-prime ideal, the [Formula: see text]-strongly prime ideal and the [Formula: see text]-uniformly strongly prime ideal of a ring [Formula: see text] to provide formulas for the LS-prime radical, the strongly prime radical and the uniformly strongly prime radical of the Ore extension.
Künneth formulas for Cotor
Authors: Salch A.
Published: April 2024

We investigate the question of how to compute the cotensor product, and more generally the derived cotensor (i.e. Cotor) groups, of a tensor product of comodules. In particular, we determine the conditions under which there is a Künneth formula for Cotor. We show that there is a simple Künneth theorem for Cotor groups if and only if an appropriate coefficient comodule has trivial coaction. This result is an application of a spectral sequence we construct for computing Cotor of a tensor product of comodules. Finally, for certain families of nontrivial comodules which are especially topologically natural, we work out necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a Künneth formula for the [Formula: see text]th Cotor group, i.e. the cotensor product. We give topological applications in the form of consequences for the [Formula: see text]-term of the Adams spectral sequence of a smash product of spectra, and the Hurewicz image of a smash product of spectra.
Climate Risk and Sustainable Investment in Asia
Authors: Vidya C. T. , Prabheesh K. P.
Published: April 2024

This study conducts an empirical analysis of the impact of climate risk on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investments in Asia. Using monthly data from 2015 to 2022 for 11 Asian countries and applying wavelet coherence analysis with a panel Auto-regressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) cointegration approach, the study concludes that (1) ESG and stock market returns are positively correlated during economic turmoil in China and Malaysia; (2) climate risk positively influences ESG returns, suggesting that it enhances returns during uncertain times rather than having a detrimental effect; (3) returns on conventional assets are negatively impacted by climate risk; and (4) ESG investments serve as an effective hedge against climate risk and provide a sound strategy for portfolio diversification in the Asian market.
Nickel/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites as Gamma-Ray Shielding
Authors: Alipoor M. R. , Eshghi M.
Published: April 2024

In this study, a group of nickel/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites has been investigated in terms of nuclear radiation shielding properties. These nickel-containing nanotubes were considered to achieve valuable results regarding radiation protection, so a detailed investigation was carried out. We have calculated mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), equivalent atomic number ([Formula: see text], effective atomic number ([Formula: see text], effective electron density ([Formula: see text], ratio ([Formula: see text] and exposure buildup factor (EBF). The obtained results are compared with the values obtained from the XMuDat program, which are in good agreement with each other. We have also analyzed them. Finally, the results obtained for nanotubes are shown in appropriate figures.
Graph4IUR: Incomplete Utterance Rewriting with Semantic Graph
Authors: Gao Zipeng , Wang Jinke , Xu Tong , Wang Zhefeng , Yang Yu , Su Jia , Chen Enhong
Published: April 2024

Utterance rewriting aims to identify and supply the omitted information in human conversation, which further enables the downstream task to understand conversations more comprehensively. Recently, sequence edit methods, which leverage the overlap between two sentences, have been widely applied to narrow the search space confronted by the previous linear generation methods. However, these methods ignore the relationship between linguistic elements in the conversation, which reflects how the knowledge and thoughts are organized in human communication. In this case, although most of the content in rewritten sentences can be found in the context, we found that some connecting words expressing relationships are often missing, which results in the out-of-context problem for the previous sentence edit method. To that end, in this paper, we propose a new semantic Graph-based Incomplete Utterance Rewriting (Graph4IUR) framework, which takes the semantic graph to depict the relationship between linguistic elements and captures out-of-context words. Specifically, we adopt the Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) [4] graph as the basic sentence-to-graph method to depict the dialogue from the graph perspective, which could well represent the high-level semantics relationships of sentences. Along this line, we further adapt the sentence editing models to rewrite without changing the sentence architecture, which brings a restriction to exploring the overlap part of the current and rewritten sentences in the IUR task. Extensive experimental results indicate that our Graph4IUR framework can effectively alleviate the out-of-context problem and improve the performance of the previous edit-based methods in the IUR task.
Reversible Operation of Metal Supported Solid Oxide Cells
Authors: Hagen A. , Tasca D. , De Faria A. , Capotondo F. , Caldogno R. , Sudireddy B. Reddy , Sun X.
Published: April 2024

Solid oxide cells (SOCs) can operate in fuel cell and electrolysis mode. This option allows for production of electricity and heat from a green fuel in fuel cell mode and for storage of electricity as gas or use as fuel in electrolysis mode. Demonstration of reversible SOCs has progressed over the last few years. Increase of lifetime and reduction of costs are major factors for successful commercialization. In metal supported SOCs (MSCs) the thickest layer in the cell, the support layer of a few hundred μm, uses metal instead of Ni/YSZ cermet as in state-of-the-art (SoA) fuel electrode supported cells, thereby enabling a significant cost reduction. The present study investigates SoA Ni/YSZ SOCs and MSCs, fabricated by tape casting, lamination, and screen-printing, in reversible operation at 650 °C in 50/50 steam/hydrogen. In the initial few hundred hours, the degradation rate in electrolysis mode is smaller on a MSC compared to a SoA Ni/YSZ cell, while they are comparable in fuel cell mode. According to electrochemical impedance evaluation, the degradation is due to a simultaneous increase of the serial and polarization resistances in the MSC, while it is mainly due to an increase of the polarization resistance in the SoA cell.
Electrochemical Sensor for Levetiracetam Therapeutic Monitoring in Biological Fluid Utilizing Molecular Imprinted Polymer Electrografted onto Pencil Graphite Electrode
Authors: El Shazely Maryam M. , Mahmoud Amr M. , Saad Samah S. , Arafa Reham M.
Published: April 2024

A newly-developed, molecularly imprinted copolymer (MIP) has been constructed and effectively employed as a highly-selective recognition element for anti-epileptic drug; levetiracetam (LEV) in low concentrations. The MIP sensor for LEV was fabricated via in situ electrochemical co-polymerization of o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) and L-dopa as functional monomers in the presence of LEV as a template molecule onto pencil graphite electrode. UV-Spectrophotometric technique was carried out to inspect and assess the template-monomer binding interactions. The molecularly imprinted copolymer’s structure and morphology were examined through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Multiple experimental parameters have been investigated and optimized in order to improve the sensor’s responsiveness towards LEV. Utilizing differential pulse voltammetry, quantitative measurements of MIP-based LEV detection were achieved indirectly by measuring the decrease in response of redox probe upon binding of LEV to the 3D cavities of MIP in phosphate buffer saline pH 7.40. The method’s validation was performed in accordance with ICH guidelines. The fabricated sensor showed a linear voltammetric response with a linearity range of (1.5 × 10–12–1.0 × 10–10 M). The sensor was able to effectively detect LEV in spiked artificial human saliva.
Phosphoric Acid Activation of Titanium-Supported Lead Dioxide Electrodes for Bipolar Battery Applications
Authors: Kirchev A. , Serra L. , Marie B.
Published: April 2024

Titanium foil coated with doped tin dioxide is an attractive option for the positive current collector interface of bipolar lead batteries due its corrosion resistance and mechanical performance. The phosphoric acid and two of its derivatives, one inorganic (calcium hydrogen phosphate) and one organic (poly-vinylphosphonic acid), have been studied as additives with potential for improvement of the capacity retention of such positive electrodes. The results show that the jar-formation process of the electrodes in the sulfuric acid electrolyte containing phosphoric acid successfully overcomes the capacity retention problem at all studied cases. This leads also to considerable improvement of the lead dioxide utilization. The cycling ageing of the electrodes combined with periodic impedance spectroscopy measurements, indicate progressive capacity loss corresponding to the typical processes of degradation of the lead dioxide structure. Rather small changes in the electrode resistance prove the corrosion and the passivation resistance of the current collectors. It is concluded that the combined doping with phosphoric acid species in the electrolyte and in the positive paste offers a potential for further improvements of the electrodes cyclability.
A Liquid Alloy Anode for the Electrolytic Reduction of Uranium Oxide in Molten Lithium Chloride
Authors: Yao Benlin , Xiao Yiqun , Jia Yanhong , Ren Guangzhi , Yang Mingshuai , Meng Zhaokai , Chen Hui , Li Bin , Ye Guoan , He Hui
Published: April 2024

A cost-effective anode material for uranium oxide electrolytic reduction in lithium chloride is still in deficiency. In this work, the application of liquid lithium-bismuth alloy anode was investigated. In the LiCl electrolyte at 923 K, UO2 was reduced electrochemically in cathode, while Li-Bi alloy served as counter electrode. Partial reduction of UO2 was verified by X-ray powder diffraction when the cathode potential was intentionally controlled above the lithium reduction potential. In contrast, when the precipitation of lithium metal was intentionally controlled, the reduction of UO2 was significantly improved. The charge transfer coefficient of UO2/U reaction was also calculated. Regeneration of Li-Bi alloy in LiCl-Li2O through electrolysis was proposed. Carbon, gold, and platinum had been investigated as anode materials. According to the potential variation curve, lithium was not effectively reduced into bismuth as in pure LiCl when oxygen ion was present in the molten salt. These three materials failed to demonstrate advantage in the regeneration of Li-Bi alloy.
Electrolyte Effects on the Reduction Potential and Carbon Dioxide Binding Affinity of Quinones
Authors: Zito Alessandra M. , Yang Jenny Y.
Published: April 2024

CO2 capture and concentration (CCC) is critical to carbon negative technologies and can reduce or eliminate carbon emission of current industrial processes. A popular method for electrochemically-driven CCC uses redox carriers that bind and release CO2 depending on their oxidation state. Two critical properties of redox carriers are the reduction potential required to “activate” the redox carrier for CO2 capture and the CO2 binding constant. The former impacts the stability of the redox carrier towards oxidants such as O2, while the later determines the concentration levels of CO2 that can be captured. Quinones have been heavily studied as redox carriers. However, the impact of electrolyte on these properties has not been systematically explored. The reduction potential and the CO2 binding constant for 6 quinones and 3 alkylammonium hexafluorophophate electrolytes are quantified in acetonitrile. While alkylammonium cations are often considered inert and interchangeable, our studies show up to 100 mV changes in reduction potential with minimal changes to the CO2 binding constant.
Damage Detection in Bridge Structures through Compressed Sensing of Crowdsourced Smartphone Data
Authors: Talebi-Kalaleh Mohammad , Mei Qipei
Published: April 2024

Traditional bridge health monitoring methods that necessitate sensor installation are not only costly but also time‐consuming. In contrast, utilizing smartphone data collected from vehicles as they traverse bridges offers an efficient and cost‐effective alternative. This paper introduces a cutting‐edge damage detection framework for indirect monitoring of bridge structures, leveraging a substantial volume of acceleration data collected from smartphones in vehicles passing over the bridge. Our innovative approach addresses the challenge of collecting and transmitting high‐frequency data while preserving smartphone battery life and data plans through the integration of compressed sensing (CS) into the crowdsensing‐based monitoring framework. CS employs random sampling and signal recovery from a significantly reduced number of samples compared to the requirements of the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem. In the proposed framework, acceleration signals from vehicles are initially acquired using smartphone sensors, undergo compression, and are then transmitted for signal reconstruction. Subsequently, feature extraction and dimensionality reduction are performed using Mel‐frequency cepstral coefficients and principal component analysis. Damage indexes are computed based on the dissimilarity between probability distribution functions utilizing the Wasserstein distance metric. The efficacy of the proposed methodology in bridge monitoring has been substantiated through the utilization of numerical models and a lab‐scale bridge. Furthermore, the feasibility of implementing the framework in a real‐world application has been investigated, leveraging the smartphone data from 102 vehicle trips on the Golden Gate Bridge. The results demonstrate that damage detection using the reconstructed signals obtained through compressed sensing achieves comparable performance to that obtained with the original data sampled at the Nyquist measurement sampling rate. However, it is observed that to retain severity information within the signals for accurate damage severity identification, the compression level should be limited to 20%. These findings affirm that compressed sensing significantly reduces the data collection requirements for crowdsensing‐based monitoring applications, without compromising the accuracy of damage detection while preserving essential damage‐sensitive information within the dataset.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Immune Modulation with RANKL Blockade through Denosumab Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chang Hewitt , Marquez Jaqueline , Chen Brandon K. , Kim Daniel M. , Cheng Michael L. , Liu Eric V. , Yang Hai , Zhang Li , Sinha Meenal , Cheung Alexander , Kwek Serena S. , Chow Eric D. , Bridge Mark , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Friedlander Terence W. , Small Eric J. , Anderson Mark , Fong Lawrence
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 4: Pre-existing immune condition prior to denosumab treatment
Heatmaps summarizing log2 fold changes from statistical analysis of functional markers CD137, CD27, CD40, CD40L, CD71, CD95, CTLA-4, HLA-DR, ICOS, Ki-67, NKG2D, OX40, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TIGIT and TIM3 when comparing patients who did not receive chemotherapy or steroids with patients that received chemotherapy, steroids, or both at pretreatment TP1. Each box in the heatmap represents a lymphocyte cluster that was labeled according to the nearest landmark node they connect to on the scaffold map and ordered by cell count abundance. The pseudocolor represents clusters that showed a significant difference (q<0.05) in the log2 fold change, with red being significantly higher, while blue being significantly lower in group 2 of the two comparison groups.
Supplementary Tables from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Tables
Supplementary Figure 2 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 2
FIGURE 7 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Rescue of PKR activation by DHX9 mutants in MCF-7. A, Representative immunoblot showing the phenotype of ADAR1 and DHX9 knockdown with DHX9, DHX9K417R or dsRBD-EGFP overexpression in MCF-7. Immunoblots for other replicates and uncropped blots can be found in Source Data Figures. B, Fold change of PKR phosphorylation at Thr-446 upon ADAR1 and DHX9 knockdown with DHX9, DHX9K417R or dsRBD-EGFP overexpression in MCF-7, quantified from immunoblots in A. Quantification of protein expression for other proteins of interest can be found in Supplementary Fig. S9B–S9G. C, Representative foci formation phenotype of ADAR1 and DHX9 knockdown with DHX9, DHX9K417R or dsRBD-EGFP overexpression in MCF-7. Quantification of relative foci area is shown in D. E, RNA expression of representative genes from upregulated pathways in Fig. 5 as determined by qRT-PCR for the MCF-7 rescue experiment. Statistical analysis for each pathway is shown in Supplementary Fig. S9H–S9J. F, Analysis of rRNA integrity upon knockdown of ADAR1 and DHX9 in MCF-7 with overexpression of EGFP or dsRBD-EGFP. Arrows indicate canonical RNase L cleavage products (64). Timepoints for collecting protein lysates, isolating RNA, and foci formation are the same as described in Fig. 4 for MCF-7. Bars represent the average of at least three replicates, error bars are ± SD. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. P values determined by Dunnett test.
A New Variant in the GATA6 Gene Associated with Tracheoesophageal Fistula, Pulmonary Vein Stenosis, and Neonatal Diabetes
Authors: Pugnaloni Flaminia , Martini Ludovica , De Rose Domenico Umberto , Landolfo Francesca , Giliberti Paola , Ruta Rosario , Novelli Antonio , Rapini Novella , Barbetti Fabrizio , Toscano Alessandra , Conforti Andrea , Bagolan Pietro , Capolupo Irma , Dotta Andrea
Published: April 2024

Introduction: GATA6 is a gene that encodes a transcription factor with a key role in the development of several organ systems, including the development of the pancreas. It is associated with neonatal diabetes but also with other extra-pancreatic anomalies. Case Presentation: This report describes the association of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS), and neonatal diabetes caused by a novel mutation of the GATA6 gene in a small for gestational-age male neonate born at 32 weeks of gestation. Next-generation sequencing revealed the novel heterozygous variant c.1502C>G in the GATA6 gene, which determines the introduction of the premature stop codon p.Ser501Ter at the protein level. This de novo nonsense variant was not detected in the analyzed parental DNA samples and has not been previously described in the literature. At about 2 months of life, a PVS was suspected. The PVS progressively increased with the development of an intramural component, resulting in severe postcapillary pulmonary hypertension. The child died at about 4 months of life. Conclusion: TEF can be associated with GATA6 variants. In the case of neonatal diabetes and TEF, neonatologists should be aware of this association and should also investigate the child for complex congenital heart disorders, such as in our case, with a cardiac computed tomography.
Descemet Membrane Detachment Triggered by Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in a Patient with a History of Penetrating Keratoplasty for Keratoconus Treatment
Authors: Matsumoto Daizo , Inoda Satoru , Hayashi Takahiko , Kawashima Hidetoshi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: We report a case of late-onset Descemet membrane detachment triggered by contrast-enhanced computed tomography more than 30 years after penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus and describe its successful treatment with air tamponade. Case Presentation: A 53-year-old woman with a history of uneventful penetrating keratoplasty more than 30 years ago for keratoconus presented with acute vision loss caused by corneal edema 2 days after undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) revealed corneal stromal edema in the graft and Descemet’s fold and partial Descemet membrane detachment without a tear. The patient received 0.1% betamethasone eye drops once every hour, along with sub-Tenon’s triamcinolone acetonide injection. Anti-inflammatory treatment improved corneal edema; however, the detachment area widened. Air tamponade facilitated complete Descemet membrane reattachment and improved corneal thickness with complete restoration of visual acuity. Conclusion: An immune response may have been involved in the progression of Descemet membrane detachment in this patient. Anti-inflammatory treatment may have facilitated Descemet membrane reattachment prior to air or gas tamponade. AS-OCT is an excellent imaging modality to detect Descemet membrane detachment in eyes with presumed late penetrating graft rejection or failure.
Increase of Intraocular Pressure after Application of 0.125% Atropine Eye Drops in Children Using Ortho-K Contact Lenses
Authors: Lee Yu Ri , Hwang Jehyung , Kim Jae Suk
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This report describes a case of elevated intraocular pressure following the use of 0.125% atropine eye drops in a child wearing orthokeratology lenses. Case Presentation: A 9-year-old boy presented to our clinic with myopia, and he had been wearing orthokeratology lenses overnight for 23 months. He was treated previously with a once-daily administration of topical 0.125% atropine eye drops to reduce myopic progression. Three days after treatment, his intraocular pressure was 36 mm Hg in the right eye and 32 mm Hg in the left eye. Two days after the discontinuation of atropine eye drops and overnight orthokeratology lenses, the intraocular pressure was 18/20 mm Hg in both eyes. Conclusion: Low-dose atropine eye drops can cause intraocular pressure elevation in patients wearing overnight orthokeratology lenses. Although it may resolve promptly, short-term follow-up with intraocular pressure checks may be necessary for the early diagnosis and treatment of this complication.
Acquiring Social Safety Engages Oxytocin Neurons in the Supraoptic Nucleus: Role of Magel2 Deficiency
Authors: Chakraborty Prabahan , Lamat Hugo , André Emilie M. , Fontanaud Pierre , Jeanneteau Freddy
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Exposure to social trauma may alter engagement with both fear-related and unrelated social stimuli long after. Intriguingly, how simultaneous discrimination of social fear and safety is affected in neurodevelopmental conditions remains underexplored. The role of the neuropeptide oxytocin is established in social behaviors and yet unexplored during such a challenge post-social trauma. Methods: Using Magel2 knockout mice, an animal model of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS), we tested memory of social fear and safety after a modified social fear conditioning task. Additionally, we tracked the activity of oxytocin neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of the hypothalamus by fiber photometry, as animals were simultaneously presented with a choice between fear and safe social cue during recall. Results: Male Magel2 KO mice trained to fear females with electrical footshocks avoided both unfamiliar females and males during recalls, lasting even a week post-conditioning. On the contrary, trained Magel2 WT avoided only females during recalls, lasting days rather than a week post-conditioning. Inability to overcome social fear and avoidance of social safety in Magel2 KO mice were associated with the reduced engagement of oxytocin neurons in the SON but not the PVN. Conclusion: In a preclinical model of PWS/SYS, we demonstrated region-specific deficit in oxytocin neuron activity associated with behavioral generalization of social fear to social safety. Insights from this study add to our understanding of oxytocin action in the brain at the intersection of social trauma and PWS/SYS.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Renal Transplantation Patients in the Era of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Murt Ahmet , Bayram Batuhan , Yılmaz Umut , Seyahi Nurhan , Eşkazan Ahmet Emre
Published: April 2024

Lifelong immunosuppression, cytotoxic effects of some immunosuppressive drugs, and opportunistic oncogenic viruses increase malignancy risks in solid organ recipients. The risk of myeloid neoplasms including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is also increased in this patient population. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the key element of CML therapy, should be used cautiously in transplantation patients as they may interact with calcineurin inhibitors. With this report, a 63-year-old female kidney transplant recipient who developed CML 9 years after kidney transplantation is presented. CML in this patient was treated with a slightly reduced dose of imatinib (300 mg) due to concerns of adverse events including its interaction with tacrolimus. Deep molecular response (DMR) was achieved at 12 months under imatinib treatment. The patient is still in DMR after 30 months of follow-up, and she did not experience any adverse events or acute rejection episodes. CML and the use of TKIs in kidney transplant patients have been discussed with an extensive literature review. In this patient population, TKIs are generally well tolerated with achievement of treatment responses and good prognosis. Graft functions are also well maintained as long as drug interactions are monitored.
Colonic Tubular Adenoma with Clear Cell Change: Case Report with Whole-Exome Sequencing and Updated Review of the Literature
Authors: Ferenczi Ádám , Kuthi Levente , Sejben István , Sejben Anita
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Colorectal tubular adenomas displaying clear cell change are rare entities, with unknown clinical relevance, prognosis, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. Case Presentation: Hereby we report a case of a 43-year-old female patient with a rectosigmoid polyp. Histologically, conventional dysplasia was visible with scattered areas displaying clear cell change. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out and revealed high tumour mutation burden and 7 pathogenic mutations, including TP53, APC, FGFR4, EHBP1, IL4R, TYR, and ACTN3. Conclusion: Clear cell change may only be present in less than 0.1% of adenomas. Aetiology is not well understood; additionally, few authors suggest autolysis or fixation problems. Our WES resulted in newly found pathogenic mutations, and high mutation burden, proving the lesion’s neoplastic origin. Hitherto, neither special stainings nor immunohistochemical markers proved to be useful in the diagnostic process. From a differential diagnostic perspective, enteroblastic differentiation, primary and secondary clear cell adenocarcinoma has to be excluded.
Following “Fibreality”: What Does the Making of Bamboo Baskets Tell Us?
Authors:   IIT Madras, Narayanan Madhu
Published: April 2024

What is the materiality of a basket woven from bamboo? As a natural “resource,” how does bamboo transform into a “material” for weaving baskets? This article examines these questions broadly by observing the practices of a basket-making community in South India. Basket makers produce fibre for weaving, which is entangled with plant, manual skills, and a specific purpose for its use. Local variety of bamboo transforming into baskets has a long history in the region, lacking archaeological and archival sources to uncover its technological complexities. Although making a basket is an explicit action, artisanal skill that involves design and manual labour, the knowledge application behind the material process is less discussed in the historiography of technology. Ethnographical data and historical narratives reveal that the materiality of the bamboo baskets is an embodiment of “fibreality,” to which human skill and knowledge contribute. Knowledge of the life cycle of bamboo, the season driving the demand for baskets, and the regulations imposed on the harvest of the plants are some of the socio-technical forces that determine and constitute the “fibreality.” The concept reconsiders the procedures of material transformation in crafting practices beyond the notion of laboratory knowledge. This study unveils how material processing techniques are relevant in understanding the materiality and history of a craft as everyday technology.
THE NEW 1942 METHOD FOR PROPELLANT DESIGN AND LATER UPDATES
Authors:   Tel Aviv University, Bergman Yoel
Published: April 2024

The brief research reviews the history of an innovative method in propellant technology. In 1942, the renowned US scientist Joseph Hirschfelder led a team that devised a simple calculative method for helping to design wartime solid propellants, whose gas, when burnt, served to drive projectiles in gun barrels. The method estimated the temperature of the gas for each propellant and other factors. Until then, these were estimated through a rigorous theoretical process. The simplified theoretical approach of the new method gave nearly the same temperatures and other important values, all with basic arithmetic. It was later refined by others, for better accuracy, and applied for designing solid rocket propellants, through a short theoretical adaptation.
Protección integral de niños: perspectivas para la construcción de paz
Authors: Arroyo Ortega Adriana
Published: April 2024

Este artículo recoge algunos hallazgos sobre la protección integral de los niños y niñas como un aporte para la construcción de paz retomados de un proceso de investigación realizado en el municipio de Medellín en el 2016. Con la hermenéutica como metodología clave para el análisis, se construyeron tres grandes hallazgos, dos de los cuales serán reflexionados en este texto. Para ello inicialmente se introduce al lector sobre el marco en que se realizó la indagación, posteriormente se avanza con los asuntos de orden metodológico y se explicitan después los hallazgos, para finalizar con la discusión respecto a las apuestas presentadas.
Las inteligencias múltiples y su desarrollo en tres contextos de educación inicial
Authors: Peña Rodríguez Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2024

En el presente artículo se comparan las estrategias didácticas que maestros y maestras de tres contextos colombianos han desarrollado para favorecer las inteligencias múltiples de los niños y las niñas de cuatro a cinco años de edad. El estudio se llevó a cabo en tres Centros de Desarrollo Infantil ubicados en ámbitos variados: uno rural, uno indígena y otro urbano. Se empleó un método cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico basado en la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas, técnicas de observación y análisis de la planeación pedagógica, con el propósito de comprender cómo se conciben las inteligencias en cada entorno, las estrategias didácticas que aplican los maestros, las inteligencias que se favorecen de acuerdo con las características socioculturales y los objetivos de formación. Los resultados indican que las inteligencias están asociadas directamente con las condiciones sociales y culturales de las comunidades, de tal modo que desde los primeros años se fomentan en las aulas ciertos aprendizajes y se restringen otros. Esta perspectiva permite reflexionar y plantear estrategias y procesos de formación más integrales, que consideren no solo las necesidades y expectativas locales, sino que también preparen para un mundo en constante transformación y doten a la educación inicial de mayor diversidad.
El trabajo infantil dentro de la unidad doméstica y sus efectos en la salud física y emocional, México
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México, Francisco-Cleto Ailyn
Published: April 2024

Se trata de un trabajo de reflexión, que identifica las implicaciones que el modelo económico neoliberal ha tenido sobre la estructura y dinámica de la Unidad Doméstica Campesina (UDC) en México, destacando las condiciones en que se realiza el trabajo infantil al interior de ellas y qué repercusiones tiene éste en la salud física y emocional de niños y niñas. Se resalta que el trabajo infantil doméstico no remunerado es una problemática que debe ser estudiada más allá de los datos numéricos, reconociendo a niños y niñas como sujetos sociales con derechos que deben ser ejercidos para asegurar su crecimiento sano, en términos físicos y mentales. Este trabajo se hace a partir de artículos especializados, libros y documentos oficiales; a partir de ahí, la reflexión se orienta en dimensiones sociológicas.
Conversando, talleres como herramientas educativas intergeneracionales e interculturales
Authors:   Piisani Estudio de Diseño, Silvia, Cauca, Colombia, González-Morales Silvino , Yonda-Canencio Gustavo ,   Piisani Estudio de Diseño, Silvia, Cauca, Colombia
Published: April 2024

Este ensayo pretende plantear las posibilidades del formato de taller en comunidades indígenas como herramienta de construcción de conocimiento abierta y horizontal en contraposición a otros formatos más jerarquizados. Enfatizando la importancia del hacer como forma de aprehender más cercana a la sensibilidad de ciertas comunidades y sus necesidades particulares. Se basa en 14 años de trabajo en terreno compartiendo con Pueblos Indígenas caucanos.
Jorge O. Caron, um acervo e muitas histórias
Authors: Ruggiero Amanda Saba , Migliati Yasmin Natália
Published: April 2024

The article tells the story about the personal collection of the architect and professor Jorge Caron, since its formation to its donation to the library of the Institute of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo in 2006. It argues about  the difficulties and challenges faced in safeguarding, handling and organizing it. The second part of it, relates through the unfolding of the research called: Planning, design, production and assembly of the Exhibition: The trajectory of Jorge Caron, financed by Program of Unified Scholarship  (PUB-USP), it was possible to carry out the digitization and partial publication. Throughout these activities, a debate was developed on the role of public universities in the preservation and safeguarding of architects' collections. Other variables were also added, such as the use of digital media for its dissemination, the potential of this nature of collections to encourage new research and historiographical reviews, contemplating the production of knowledge, as well as the incorporation of new collections.
Ensino de projeto na forma de livro: a publicação de “Marcos Acayaba” 14 anos depois
Authors: Fujioka Paulo Yassuhide
Published: April 2024

Resenha do livro Marcos Acayaba por Paulo Yassuhide Fujioka.
Angiotensinogen as a Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Daugherty Alan , Sawada Hisashi , Sheppard Mary B. , Lu Hong S.
Published: April 2024

AGT (angiotensinogen) is the unique precursor for the generation of all the peptides of the renin-angiotensin system, but it has received relatively scant attention compared to many other renin-angiotensin system components. Focus on AGT has increased recently, particularly with the evolution of drugs to target the synthesis of the protein. AGT is a noninhibitory serpin that has several conserved domains in addition to the angiotensin II sequences at the N terminus. Increased study is needed on the structure-function relationship to resolve many unknowns regarding AGT metabolism. Constitutive whole-body genetic deletion of
Agt
in mice leads to multiple developmental defects creating a challenge to use these mice for mechanistic studies. This has been overcome by creating
Agt
-floxed mice to enable the development of cell-specific deficiencies that have provided considerable insight into a range of cardiovascular and associated diseases. This has been augmented by the recent development of pharmacological approaches targeting hepatocytes in humans to promote protracted inhibition of AGT synthesis. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of
Agt
has been demonstrated to be beneficial in a spectrum of diseases experimentally, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic and superior mesenteric artery aneurysms, myocardial dysfunction, and hepatic steatosis. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies utilizing AGT manipulation as a therapeutic approach.
SPECTRA Phase 2b Study: Impact of Sotatercept on Exercise Tolerance and Right Ventricular Function in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Waxman Aaron B. , Systrom David M. , Manimaran Solaiappan , de Oliveira Pena Janethe , Lu Jonathan , Rischard Franz P.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

This study aims to assess the impact of sotatercept on exercise tolerance, exercise capacity, and right ventricular function in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

METHODS:

SPECTRA (Sotatercept Phase 2 Exploratory Clinical Trial in PAH) was a phase 2a, single-arm, open-label, multicenter exploratory study that evaluated the effects of sotatercept by invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing in participants with pulmonary arterial hypertension and World Health Organization functional class III on combination background therapy. The primary end point was the change in peak oxygen uptake from baseline to week 24. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess right ventricular function.

RESULTS:

Among the 21 participants completing 24 weeks of treatment, there was a significant improvement from baseline in peak oxygen uptake, with a mean change of 102.74 mL/min ([95% CIs, 27.72–177.76];
P
=0.0097). Sotatercept demonstrated improvements in secondary end points, including resting and peak exercise hemodynamics, and 6-minute walk distance versus baseline measures. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed improvements from baseline at week 24 in right ventricular function.

CONCLUSIONS:

The clinical efficacy and safety of sotatercept demonstrated in the SPECTRA study emphasize the potential of this therapy as a new treatment option for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Improvements in right ventricular structure and function underscore the potential for sotatercept as a disease-modifying agent with reverse-remodeling capabilities.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03738150.
Mechanism of Action and Translational Potential of (
S
)-Meclizine in Preemptive Prophylaxis Against Stroke
Authors: Lee Jeong Hyun , Gohil Vishal M. , Heidari Pedram , Seidel Jessica L. , Zulkifli Mohammad , Wei Ying , Ji Yuhua , Daneshmand Ali , Mahmood Umar , Clish Clary B. , Mootha Vamsi K. , Ayata Cenk
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Mild chemical inhibition of mitochondrial respiration can confer resilience against a subsequent stroke or myocardial infarction, also known as preconditioning. However, the lack of chemicals that can safely inhibit mitochondrial respiration has impeded the clinical translation of the preconditioning concept. We previously showed that meclizine, an over-the-counter antivertigo drug, can toggle metabolism from mitochondrial respiration toward glycolysis and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain, heart, and kidney. Here, we examine the mechanism of action of meclizine and report the efficacy and improved safety of the
(S
) enantiomer.

METHODS:

We determined the anoxic depolarization latency, tissue and neurological outcomes, and glucose uptake using micro–positron emission tomography after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice pretreated (−17 and −3 hours) with either vehicle or meclizine. To exclude a direct effect on tissue excitability, we also examined spreading depression susceptibility. Furthermore, we accomplished the chiral synthesis of
(R
)- and
(S
)-meclizine and compared their effects on oxygen consumption and histamine H1 receptor binding along with their brain concentrations.

RESULTS:

Micro–positron emission tomography showed meclizine increases glucose uptake in the ischemic penumbra, providing the first in vivo evidence that the neuroprotective effect of meclizine indeed stems from its ability to toggle metabolism toward glycolysis. Consistent with reduced reliance on oxidative phosphorylation to sustain the metabolism, meclizine delayed anoxic depolarization onset after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Moreover, the
(S
) enantiomer showed reduced H1 receptor binding, a dose-limiting side effect for the racemate, but retained its effect on mitochondrial respiration.
(S
)-meclizine was at least as efficacious as the racemate in delaying anoxic depolarization onset and decreasing infarct volumes after middle cerebral artery occlusion.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our data identify
(S
)-meclizine as a promising new drug candidate with high translational potential as a chemical preconditioning agent for preemptive prophylaxis in patients with high imminent stroke or myocardial infarction risk.
Outcomes of Decompressive Surgery for Patients With Severe Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: DECOMPRESS2 Observational Study
Authors: Aaron Sanjit , Ferreira Jorge M. , Coutinho Jonathan M. , Canhão Patrícia , Conforto Adriana B. , Arauz Antonio , Carvalho Marta , Masjuan Jaime , Sharma Vijay K. , Putaala Jukka , Uyttenboogaart Maarten , Werring David J. , Bazan Rodrigo , Mohindra Sandeep , Weber Jochen , Coert Bert A. , Kirubakaran Prabhu , Sanchez van Kammen Mayte , Singh Pankaj , Aguiar de Sousa Diana , Ferro José M. , Benjamin Kenneth , Zuurbier Yvonne , Winckler Fernanda , MFerro José , Costa Marisa , Barboza Miguel , Uribe Pacheco Rodrigo , Alvis Fernando , Serrano Eunice , Menendez Fernanda , Soriano Navarro Eduardo , Wilson Duncan , Vida Mariann , Greiner Karolin
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Decompressive neurosurgery is recommended for patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) who have large parenchymal lesions and impending brain herniation. This recommendation is based on limited evidence. We report long-term outcomes of patients with CVT treated by decompressive neurosurgery in an international cohort.

METHODS:

DECOMPRESS2 (Decompressive Surgery for Patients With Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, Part 2) was a prospective, international cohort study. Consecutive patients with CVT treated by decompressive neurosurgery were evaluated at admission, discharge, 6 months, and 12 months. The primary outcome was death or severe disability (modified Rankin Scale scores, 5–6) at 12 months. The secondary outcomes included patient and caregiver opinions on the benefits of surgery. The association between baseline variables before surgery and the primary outcome was assessed by multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:

A total of 118 patients (80 women; median age, 38 years) were included from 15 centers in 10 countries from December 2011 to December 2019. Surgery (115 craniectomies and 37 hematoma evacuations) was performed within a median of 1 day after diagnosis. At last assessment before surgery, 68 (57.6%) patients were comatose, fixed dilated pupils were found unilaterally in 27 (22.9%) and bilaterally in 9 (7.6%). Twelve-month follow-up data were available for 113 (95.8%) patients. Forty-six (39%) patients were dead or severely disabled (modified Rankin Scale scores, 5–6), of whom 40 (33.9%) patients had died. Forty-two (35.6%) patients were independent (modified Rankin Scale scores, 0–2). Coma (odds ratio, 2.39 [95% CI, 1.03–5.56]) and fixed dilated pupil (odds ratio, 2.22 [95% CI, 0.90–4.92]) were predictors of death or severe disability. Of the survivors, 56 (78.9%) patients and 61 (87.1%) caregivers expressed a positive opinion on surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

Two-thirds of patients with severe CVT were alive and more than one-third were independent 1 year after decompressive surgery. Among survivors, surgery was judged as worthwhile by 4 out of 5 patients and caregivers. These results support the recommendation to perform decompressive neurosurgery in patients with CVT with impending brain herniation.
Summer habitat selection by Mrs Hume’s Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) on Jinzhong Mountain, northwest Guangxi, China: implications for determining effective conservation actions using radio transmitters
Authors: Baodong Yuan , Xiulian Miao , Yichuan Zhang
Published: April 2024

In the present study, summer habitat preference of Mrs Hume’s Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) was studied in Jinzhong Mountain Nature Reserve, Guangxi Province. Eight birds were equipped with radio transmitters and habitat characteristics of experiment and control quadrat sites, respectively, were measured. Our results indicated that: 200 m to 400 m distance to habitat edge, less than 200 m distance to water, over 400 m distance to human habitation, over 601 m distance to the road, over 60% tree cover, less than 40% shrub cover, less than 20% herb cover, over 60% leaf litter cover, height of tree over 10.1 m, tree density over 20 individuals per quadrat, shrub height over 2.1 m, shrub density less than 10 individuals per quadrat, height of herb species over 0.5 m, herb density less than 10 Individuals per quadrat, diameter of tree over 30 cm, and abundant food were the habitat characteristics. The elevation, herb density, and height of tree and shrub exhibited no significant differences (), but other factors showed significant differences between quadrat sites and control quadrat plot (). Results of a principal components analysis (PCA) demonstrated that the first five components accounted for 64.282% of the total variance. Food availability in different habitat patches is the vital factor affecting habitat selection by Mrs Hume’s Pheasant; the other factors showed no significant effects on habitat selection by Mrs Hume’s Pheasant in the subtropical forest. This suggests that habitat selection behavior of Mrs Hume’s Pheasant is in fact a trade-off between obtaining food and prey escape, which is an adaptive behavior and a life strategy of this near-threatened bird species.