bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aislamiento de hongos basiodiomicetos solubilizadores de fósforo y fijadores de nitrógeno para su aplicación como micorrizas en lechuga (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: Gómez-Valadez Alejandrina , Medina-Moreno Sergio Alejandro , Jiménez-González Angélica , Conde-Baez Laura , Gayosso-Mexia Ana Rosa
Published: April 2021

Poor agricultural practices have caused eroded soils, therefore alternatives are sought for the solubilization and fixation of nutrients by mycorrhizal fungi, that grow on the plants roots forming a mutualist symbiosis. Therefore, in this work, Basidiomycetes fungi were isolated and those that are able to solubilizing phosphorus and nitrogen were selected for their inoculation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa), this is high consumption and fast growth vegetable. Five substrates (fertile soil, eroded soil, humus and horse manure) were studied with a not inoculated control, where the response variable was hypocotyl growth and the L. sativa radicle, measured every 24 hours for 30 days. It was observed that the HM3 fungi stimulated the highest growth of the plant in eroded soil, generating an alternative to agriculture and contributing to bioremediation and exploitation of damaged soils
Proximal chemical characterization and antioxidant activity of Persea americana leaves cv Hass, Fuerte y Criollo
Authors: FRAUSTO-MOLINA Janette , TOVAR-JIMÉNEZ Xochitl , ÁLVAREZ-GARCÍA Rocío , TÉLLEZ-JURADO Alejandro
Published: April 2021

The aim of this work was to determine the proximal chemical composition of leaves and infusion Persea americana cv Hass, Fuerte and Criollo, as well as, their antioxidant activity by standardized analytical methods. To carry this out, P. americana leaves were analyzed according to moisture content (fresh and dehydrated), only in the sampling area from Criollo variety was found that produced green and purple fruits, therefore, the leaves of these trees were also evaluated, in order to determine if the proximal composition and antioxidant activity depends on these factors. The results indicated that there is a statistically significant difference in the proximal composition between P. americana leaves of the three varieties evaluated, as well as, their antioxidant activity, with dry leaves infusion of the Criollo variety with green fruit showing the highest activity antioxidant (70 % Inhibition ABTS).
The motivation to study of the student in security sciences and forensic sciences
Authors: LUCIO Rodolfo , SESENTO Leticia
Published: April 2021

Motivation has been indicated as the engine for the success or failure of learning processes, although its origin continues to be a topic of permanent discussion. The objective of the present work was to know the level of motivation to study in the students of the Bachelor of Science in Security of the UMSNH. The applied methodology was quantitative and correlational with a non-experimental design. The instrument used was the Educational Motivation Scale (EME). The results show, the main intrinsic school motivations are: "I find satisfaction and I like to learn new things", followed by "I like to see that I surpass myself" and finally "it will allow me to choose a job in the branch that I like. ”. Based on the extrinsic motivations they are: "to lead a comfortable life later", "because education better prepares me to pursue a career later" and finally "Why do I think that more years of studies increase my professional preparation". Teachers have a decisive role to provide confidence to the student, be empathetic and be in constant training that allows us to teach motivating classes for our students.
Quantifying Planarian Behavior as an Introduction to Object Tracking and Signal Processing
Authors: Stowell Nicole C. , Goel Tapan , Shetty Vir , Noveral Jocelyne , Collins Eva-Maria S.
Published: April 2021

Answers to mechanistic questions about biological phenomena require fluency in a variety of molecular biology techniques and physical concepts. Here, we present an interdisciplinary approach to introducing undergraduate students to an important problem in the areas of animal behavior and neuroscience—the neuronal control of animal behavior. In this lab module, students explore planarian behavior by quantitative image and data analysis with freely available software and low-cost resources. Planarians are ∼1–2-cm-long aquatic free-living flatworms famous for their regeneration abilities. They are inexpensive and easy to maintain, handle, and perturb, and their fairly large size allows for image acquisition with a webcam, which makes this lab module accessible and scalable. Our lab module integrates basic physical concepts such as center of mass, velocity and speed, periodic signals, and time series analysis in the context of a biological system. The module is designed to attract students with diverse disciplinary backgrounds. It challenges the students to form hypotheses about behavior and equips them with a basic but broadly applicable toolkit to achieve this quantitatively. We give a detailed description of the necessary resources and show how to implement the module. We also provide suggestions for advanced exercises and possible extensions. Finally, we provide student feedback from a pilot implementation.
Actitud hacia el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación para la enseñanza en docentes universitarios en el contexto de la COVID-19
Authors: Albitres Jhonny , Salinas Lucy , Herrera Héctor , Bazan Ronnel , Agüero Jeanpierre
Published: April 2021

The objective of the research was to determine the attitude towards the use of Information and Communication Technologies for the teaching (ICT) in teachers of the José Faustino Sánchez Carrión National University of Huacho in times of COVID-19. The research design was non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative. The sample was compound for 65 teachers of both genders from the Faculty of Business Sciences between designated and hired, and it was non-probabilistic. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire of the liker scale type centered on 3 sections. As a result, it was found that most teachers have favorable attitudes towards the use of ICT and statically significant differences were found between attitude towards ICT and the age group of teachers.
Utilização do algoritmo de árvore de decisão para mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra da área de contribuição de uma barragem localizada na Bacia Hidrográfica do São Francisco
Authors: Veloso Mariana Faria , Reis Rodolpho César Tinini dos , Magalhães Filho Raul de , Rodrigues Flávia Mazzer
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é mapear o uso e cobertura da terra da área de contribuição da barragem Bico da Pedra através do algoritmo árvore de decisão. Para isso, foram adquiridas o modelo de elevação SRTM e duas imagens (verão e inverno) do satélite Landsat 8 sensor OLI/TIRS, ano 2017. Em seguida, realizou-se o cálculo dos índices NDVI e SAVI, e então inseriu um conjunto de onze variáveis na árvore de decisão resultando em um mapa de uso e cobertura da terra com nove classes: cerrado, floresta decidual montana, campos, água, pasto/solo exposto, culturas, afloramento rochoso, barragem de rejeitos e mancha urbana. A classe mais expressiva verificada na área de estudo foi a vegetação correspondendo em quase 80%. Além disso, foi verificado presença de culturas próximas à nascente do rio Gorutuba e ao reservatório da barragem. A classe de pasto/solo exposto apresentou em quase metade de suas amostras como equivocadas. A acurácia da classificação foi satisfatória e o Índice Kappa, excelente. Portanto, os resultados apresentados permitiram adquirir informações de uso e cobertura do solo capazes de auxiliar na gestão e planejamento dos recursos hídricos e ambientais da área de contribuição da barragem Bico da Pedra.
Potensi Environmental DNA (e-DNA) Untuk Pemantauan dan Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati
Authors: Marfuah Siti , Kolondam Beivy Jonathan , Tallei Trina Ekawati
Published: April 2021

(Article History: Received January 6, 2021; Revised February 12, 2021; Accepted February 28, 2021) ABSTRAK Hilangnya spesies dan adanya spesies invasif dalam suatu habitat dapat menjadi ancaman bagi spesies asli dalam satu ekosistem. Untuk itu diperlukan teknik terkini yang mampu mendeteksi keberadaan suatu organisme. Salah satu teknik yang dapat mendeteksi organisme target di lingkungan secara cepat dan akurat yaitu environmental DNA (e-DNA).Tujuan dari ulasan artikel ini yaitu untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan e-DNA secara ekogenomik untuk pemantauan dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati. Ulasan artikel ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari berbagai database yang berbasis dalam jaringan. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa dengan menggunakan pendekatan e-DNA pemantauan dan konsevasi keanekaragaman hayati dapat dideteksi sesuai dengan taksonomi organisme dan penanda molekuler. Penanda molekuler Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) mampu mendeteksi berbagai spesies baik langka dan invasif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan e-DNA dapat dijadikan sebagai metode untuk pemantauan dan konsevasi keanekaragaman hayati pada berbagai ekosistem.Kata - kata kunci: environmental DNA; keanekaragaman hayati dan konservasi; penanda molekuler  ABSTRACTThe loss of species and the presence of invasive species in a habitat can be a threat to native species in an ecosystem. So we need the latest techniques that are able to detect the presence of an organism. One technique that can detect target organisms in the environment quickly and accurately is environmental DNA (e-DNA). The purpose of this review article is to explore the ecogenomic ability of e-DNA for monitoring and conservation of biodiversity. This article reviews using secondary data obtained from various network-based databases. The results of the analysis show that by using the e-DNA approach, monitoring and conservation of biological diversity can be detected according to the taxonomy of organisms and molecular markers. Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) molecular markers are capable of detecting a variety of both rare and invasive species. Thus it can be concluded that the e-DNA approach can be used as a method for monitoring and conservation of biological diversity in various ecosystems.Keywords: environmental DNA; biodiversity and conservation; molecular markers
Dinamika Populasi Mikroba Tanah dan Respon Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Terhadap Aplikasi Amelioran Pupuk Organik
Authors: Kaharu Putri Istiqoma , Tangapo Agustina Monalisa , Mambu Susan Marlein
Published: April 2021

(Article History: Received March 4, 2021; Revised March 31, 2021; Accepted April 7, 2021) ABSTRAKPemanfaatan kembali limbah pertanian sebagai pupuk organik memiliki prospek yang baik dalam meningkatkan produktivitas lahan melalui perbaikan sifat biologi tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efek pemberian amelioran pupuk organik dari limbah jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap peningkatan jumlah populasi mikroba tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan tiga kali ulangan: AA (Amelioran  pupuk organik jagung 40 kg/ha), AB (Amelioran pupuk organik jagung 80 kg/ha), UR (Urea 40 kg/ha), dan K (tanpa amelioran atau urea). Perhitungan jumlah koloni mikroba tanah menggunakan metode hitungan cawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan amelioran pupuk organik berpengaruh signifikan terhadap populasi mikroba tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung pada parameter tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Perlakuan amelioran pupuk organik jagung tidak menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap diameter batang. Kata kunci: Amelioran; mikroba tanah; pupuk organik; Zea mays L. ABSTRACTThe reuse of agricultural waste as organic fertilizer has good prospects in increasing land productivity by improving soil biological properties. The aims of this study was to analyze the effect of using ameliorant organic fertilizer application from corn waste to increase the number of soil microbial populations and the growth of maize plants (Zea mays L.). The method was using CRD (Complete Random Design), which consist of 4 treatments with three repetitions: AA (Ameliorant corn organic fertilizer 40 kg/ha), AB (Ameliorant corn organic fertilizer 80 kg/ha), UR (Urea 40 kg/ha), and K (without ameliorant or urea). Calculation of the number of soil microbials colonies was using the plate count method. The results showed that the treatment of ameliorant organic fertilizer had a significant effect on soil microbials population and growth of maize on the parameters of plant height and number of leaves. The treatment of organic fertilizer ameliorant showed no effect on stem diameter.Keywords: Ameliorant; Soil microbes; Organic fertilizer; Zea mays L.
Molecular Phylogenetic of Cerithidea anticipata (Iredale, 1929) (Mollusk: Gastropod)
Authors: Saleky Dandi , Merly Sendy Lely
Published: April 2021

Species identification is very important and an important part of bioecological studies, so phylogenetic studies of Cerithidea anticipata (Iredale, 1929) was conducted in September 2020 to identify C. anticipata (Iredale, 1929) based on DNA barcoding techniques. Samples of C. anticipata (Iredale, 1929) were collected from the mangrove ecosystem of Payum Merauke Beach Papua (Indonesia), where the genes used were primary COI Gene forward LCO1490 and reverse HCO2198. The result of DNA amplification obtained DNA sequence length of 660 bp, then based on the identification of Basic Local Alignment Search Tools (BLAST) obtained a similarity level of 98.42% and phylogenetic reconstruction showed the existence of grouping based on the degree of similarity and genetic distance between populations.Keywords: Cerithidea anticipata; COI genes; DNA barcoding; phylogeneticsAbstrakIdentifikasi spesies sangat penting dilakukan dan menjadi bagian penting dalam studi bioekologi, sehingga kajian filogenetik Cerithidea anticipata (Iredale, 1929) telah dilakukan pada bulan September 2020 dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi C. anticipata (Iredale, 1929) berdasarkan teknik DNA barcoding. Sampel C. anticipata (Iredale, 1929) dikoleksi dari ekosistem mangrove Pantai Payum Merauke Papua (Indonesia), dimana gen yang digunakan adalah Gen COI primer forward LCO1490 dan reverse HCO2198. Hasil dari amplifikasi DNA diperoleh panjang sekuen DNA 660 bp, kemudian berdasarkan identifikasi Basic Local Alignment Search Tools (BLAST) diperoleh tingkat kemiripannya 98.42% dan rekonstruksi filogenetiknya memperlihatkan adanya pengelompokan berdasarkan tingkat kemiripan maupun jarak genetik antar populasi.Kata kunci: Cerithidea anticipata; Gen COI; DNA barcoding; filogenetik
OUTCOME OF PREGNANCY IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERALLY INCREASED UTERINE ARTERY RESISTANCE IN SECOND TRIMESTER
Authors: Anshu Anshu , Kumari Usha , Jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

Adverse pregnancy outcome due to impaired placentation have been shown to demonstrate increased impedance in the spiral artery. The spiral
arteries are rstly invaded by trophoblasts and which then becomes incorporated into the vessel wall and replaces the endothelium and muscular
layer. This results in the conversion of the small spiral arteries into vessels of greater diameter with low resistance and high compliance, in absence
of maternal vasomotor control. This study was a Prospective Observational study, carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, in
JLNMCH, Bhagalpur, Bihar. The study population consisted of pregnant women between 18 – 20 weeks of gestation with viable pregnancy.
During pregnancy, 63(18.36%) women developed hypertensive disorders. Among these 63 patients, 37(58.73%) women had increased uterine
artery pulsatility index in second trimester scan and 26(41.26%) had normal pulsatility index. The results were comparable for gestational
hypertension with normal and unilaterally increased uterine artery PI and were not statistically signicant.
EFFICACY OF PHENYLEPHRINE AND EPHEDRINE IN MAINTAINING MATERNAL BLOOD PRESSURE INTRA OPERATIVELY DURING SPINAL ANESTHESIA FOR CAESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Prakash Anant , Kumar Rahul , Choudhary Chandeshwar , Jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia has become a popular technique for caesarean section. It however has the potential to cause rapid onset of
maternal hypotension which may have detrimental maternal and neonatal effects. Thus, a number of strategies for treating hypotension have been
investigated. Careful positioning and volume preloading with crystalloid or colloids have been used to prevent it, but these are not complete
measures and vasopressor is required to correct hypotension quickly .
Methodology: 100 parturients ASA I and II scheduled for elective as well as emergency Caesarean section under sub arachnoid block (SAB) were
studied. All parturients were at term, had uncomplicated singleton pregnancy with cephalic presentation.
Results: Phenylephrine and Ephedrine are effective given prophylactically IV bolus followed by infusion in maintenance of arterial pressure
within 15% limit of baseline. Phenylephrine has quicker and shorter duration of action effect in comparison to Ephedrine.
Conclusion: Vasopressor drugs Phenylephreine and Ephedrine, effectively maintained arterial blood pressure during spinal anaesthesia for
caesarean section
SUBLINGUAL MISOPROSTOL FOR PREVENTION OF POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE – A RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: Anupama Anupama
Published: April 2021

Aim – The aim of the study was to study the effect of sublingual misoprostol for prevention of PPH.
Materials and Methods – This was a prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. Inclusion criteria were women aged 20-40
years with 38-40 weeks of gestation who underwent elective caesarean section. Exclusion criteria were women have risk factors for post-partum
haemorrhage, active thromboembolic disease and intrinsic risk for thrombosis. Participants were randomly assigned to misoprostol group or group
A (n=50) and placebo group or group B(n=50). Group A received 400µg of sublingual misoprostol after delivery of the baby, group B received
placebo tablet at the same time. Primary outcome measures were blood loss from delivery of the placenta to the end of the caesarean section to 2
hours postpartum, haemoglobin estimation was done in all patients pre operatively and 24 hours post operatively and the change in concentration
was noted. Secondary outcome measures were need for additional uterotonics, use of additional surgical interventions to control post-partum
haemorrhage.
Result – Blood loss from both placental delivery to the end of caesarean section and from end of caesarean section to 2 hours postpartum were
signicantly lower in the study group. (p<0.0001). Change ifn haemoglobin concentration in study group was also signicantly less than in the
control group. (p<0.0001). Total amount of Oxytocin required was signicantly less in the study group (p=0.01). The number of women requiring
other oxytocics (inj. Methyl ergometrine, inj. Carboprost) was signicantly less in study group (p=0.0078).
Conclusion – Sublingual misoprostol has been found to be effective in preventing PPH.
A STUDY OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PITUITARY TUMORS
Authors: Patel Manthan , Patel Naimish
Published: April 2021

The study includes 25 cases of pituitary adenomas. Most common age group by pituitary tumors falls between 41-50 years of age. Male: Female
incidence of these tumors is 1: 2.12. Most common clinical symptoms in our series are visual disturbances followed by headache. Optic nerve
involvement is other common clinical nding presenting in form of decreased vision or loss of vision, eld defect or fundus changes. Commonest
eld defect is bitemporal hemianopia. MRI is the diagnostic investigation of choice in pituitary tumors to dene extent, invasion and relationship to
major vessels and nerves. Approximately half (44%) of the patients exhibited normal preoperative pituitary function in form of baseline hormone
prole. Increased GH level (32%) followed by hyperprolactinemia (20%) are the most common endocrinologic abnormalities. Total/near total
removal was done in 21 patients (84%) and subtotal removal done in 4 patients (16%). Adjuvant therapies were given in 5 patients. Two patients
were given radiotherapy and 3 were given pharmacotherapy. Post operative complications were CSF leak, diabetes insipidus and meningitis. 20
patients (80%) had improvement in their symptoms including relief from headache, improvement in vision and endocrinal dysfunction. Post
operatively visual functions improved in 13 patients (52%) and it remained stationary in 11 (44%) patients. Only one patient (4%) complained of
worsening of his visual function and it was improved in follow up period
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PATIENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS THEIR DENTAL NEEDS
Authors: Khatri Sonia , H Narayana Indiresha , Ghosh Soumyadeep , Kavimalar Kavimalar , Anjum Arbiya , Sood Aastha
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 has changed the life of the entire world and its wave has affected all elds of medicine and dentistry. The concern about coronavirus
transmission and dental practice has been widely recognized around the world.The purpose of this survey was to investigate the inuence of
coronavirus disease on patients' views with regards to their dental treatment requirements. Materials and methods: It is a cross-sectional survey
conducted over 430 patients seeking dental treatment in Ramaiah dental college and hospital Bangalore, Karnataka, India. This survey has been
conducted through electronic communication applications such as WhatsApp and Gmail, for three months. A structured and validated
questionnaire was administered to the study subjects. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics.
Results:Atotal of 1000 patients were selected for the survey, in this only 43% of subjects completed the survey. Out of 430 responses, 50.1% of the
subjects had dental problems. 38.3% of subjects expressed the unavailability of dental clinics and hospitals during Covid-19, 31.4% unavailability
of the dentist. Of the 42.9% of patients who visited the dental clinic during the covid-19 pandemic, 38% of subjects observed the increase in
treatment cost, only 30.5% of subjects were provided with emergency treatment. The majority of subjects (75.7%) expressed that dentists are
practicing good precautionary measures such as wearing PPE kits, mouth masks etc. Conclusion: During the coronavirus pandemic, the patients
demonstrated good knowledge and an optimistic attitude towards the precautionary modications in regard to minimize the spread of COVID-19
in the dental setting.
Consideration of Hysteresis, Saturation, Fringing and Leakage Fluxes in the Frequency-Dependent Analytical Model of Nonlaminated Cylindrical Actuators
Authors: Seifert Robert , Porstmann Johannes , Hofmann Wilfried
Published: April 2021

Previous works have demonstrated that analytical high-fidelity models of nonlaminated actuators and magnetic thrust bearings cannot just describe the magnetic skin effect inside the solid core, but also be applied directly within the control circuit. By an appropriate rational approximation a digital implementation on a microcontroller becomes possible. However, these approximated models neither considered hysteresis and saturation nor frequency-dependent fringing and leakage fluxes. This article elaborates whether or not these nonlinearities can and should be included in real-time control systems. We present an improved process to map an analytical hysteresis model to a limited measured dataset and discuss the impact of the nonlinear magnetization curve. It leads to a novel fractional-order all-pass filter, modeling the frequency-dependent hysteresis angle for a single load point. Its rational filter form is suitable for implementation in Matlab/Simulink as well as real-time applications. Leakage and fringing fluxes, on the other hand, can be considered with relatively low effort within the original analytical models. The underlying reluctance network is determined by a FE-analysis as well as analytically and reduced to a highly simplified form. Depending on whether the total flux or the force-dependent flux is of interest, the model order may increase significantly and constant correction factors are preferable.
A triply cubic polynomials approach for globally convergent algorithm in coefficient inverse problems
Authors: Wang Quan-Fang
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a triply cubic polynomials approach is proposed firstly
for solving the globally convergent algorithm of coefficient inverse problems in three
dimension. Using Taylor type expansion for three arguments to construct tripled cubic
polynomials for the approximate solution as identifying coefficient function of parabolic
initial-boundary problems, in which unknown coefficients appeared at nonlinear term.
The presented computational approach is effective to execute in spatial 3D issues
arising in real world. Further, the complete algorithm can be straightforwardly
performed to lower or higher dimensions case
ANALISIS GAYA BAHASA PERBANDINGAN DAN PENEGASAN DALAM LIRIK LAGU DAERAH MANGGARAI
Authors: Sarini Yuliana
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kata-kata dari bentuk-bentuk tipikal perbandingan gayabahasa yang meliputi: metafora majas, hiperbola, antonomasia, simbolik, disfemisme, dankontradiksi personifikasi dan gaya yang terdapat pada seruan majas, pararima, pengulangananaphora, pengulangan analepsis, klimaks , kata-kata mutiara, bombastis dan redundansi yangdigunakan pencipta lirik lagu daerah Manggarai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmendeskripsikan perbandingan gaya yang terdiri dari: metafora, hiperbola, antonomasia,simbolik, disfemisme dan personifikasi serta penegasan gaya yang meliputi: seruan, pararima,pengulangan anaphora, pengulangan epanalepsis, klimaks, aforisme, bombastis, dan redundansi.dalam lirik lagu daerah Manggarai. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif, sumber datadalam penelitian ini adalah 15 lagu yang berisi perbandingan dan penegasan gaya bahasaManggarai. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan teknik observasi,teknik menyadap dan teknik mencatat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian inimeliputi data observasi, pengkodean data, klasifikasi data dan analisis data. Langkah-langkahyang akan dilakukan dalam teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu pemilihan lirik yangmemuat gaya bahasa, menentukan gaya bahasa lirik yang sesuai dan langkah terakhir adalahmenganalisis. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan berupa perbandingan gaya deskripsi danpenegasan pada lirik lagu daerah Manggarai. Perbandingan gaya dalam lirik lagu daerahManggarai terdiri dari: metafora, hiperbola, antonomasia, simbolik, disfemisme danpersonifikasi, sedangkan gaya penegasan terdapat pada: doa, pararima, pengulangan anaphora,pengulangan epanalepsis, klimaks, kata-kata mutiara, bombastis dan redundansi .
Ekologi, Kerugian, dan Pengelolaan Gulma Jajagoan (Echinochloa crus-galli) Resisten Herbisida pada Pertanaman Padi Sawah: Review
Authors: Tampubolon Koko , Alridiwirsah Alridiwirsah , Mustamu Novilda Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

Gulma jajagoan (Echinochloa crus-galli) dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi padi sawah dan sudah dilaporkan resisten terhadap beberapa herbisida. Tujuan review artikel ini sebagai informasi awal yang dapat dijadikan alternatif pengendalian gulma jajagoan (E. crus-galli) yang sudah mengalami resisten herbisida pada areal pertanaman padi sawah. Hasil review menginformasikan bahwa gulma E. crus-galli tergolong toleran pada berbagai kondisi iklim, memiliki jumlah biji yang melimpah mengakibatkan populasinya selalu hadir di areal persawahan dan menimbulkan kerugian produksi padi sawah jika tidak dikendalikan, bahkan gulma ini sudah resisten terhadap beberapa herbisida. Upaya pengelolaan gulma E. crus-galli resisten-herbisida menyarankan menggunakan mode of action herbisida baik secara tunggal atau campuran sebagai manajemen resisten dan diharapkan dapat memutus siklus resisten di areal persawahan.
ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND APPLICATION OF BACTERIOPHAGES AGAINST SEVERAL FOOD SPOILAGE BACTERIA: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, AND Shewanella Putrefaciens
Authors: Roseline Felicia , Waturangi Diana Elizabeth , Y Yogiara
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Bacteriophages can be the natural alternative method to prevent food spoilage caused by bacteria. This research was conducted to isolate bacteriophages from a soil sample, retail food, and wastewater from fish and then the bacteriophages will be characterized for their activity against several food spoilage bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Shewanella putrefaciens and will be further investigated for application as food preservation.
Experimental: B. cereus (Atma Jaya culture collection), B. subtilis ATCC 6633, and S. putrefaciens ATCC 8071 were used for bacteriophage isolation. Food samples (rice, pasta, tofu, tempeh), soil samples (black soil and laterite), and wastewater sample of freshwater fish and seawater fish were used in this research. The overall process consists of eight steps: inoculum preparation, sample collection, bacteriophage isolation, purification and enrichment, titer determination, host range determination, the efficiency of plating (EOP), and bacteriophage application.
Results: A total of four bacteriophages were isolated with B. cereus, B. subtilis, and S. putrefaciens as host bacteria. Bacteriophage titers observed around 109 PFU mL-1. Bacteriophages that isolated with B. cereus and B. subtilis as host bacteria tend to have high EOP with the same species bacteria. All the Bacillus phages (S1-BC, S2-BC, and S1-BS) can reduce the Bacillus species bacteria concentration for more than 90%.
Conclusion: Refers to their activity, the isolated bacteriophages in this study might have a great prospect to be used as food biocontrol and also can be further tested to make a phage cocktail.
EFFECT OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS CONCENTRATION AND FERMENTATION TIME ON THE QUALITY OF AFRICAN LOCUST BEAN CONDIMENT
Authors: Adesanya Bose Joy , Faasema Joseph , Acham Israel Okpunyi
Published: April 2021

Fermented locust bean condiment in Nigeria has continued to attract low market value. This may partly be due to inconsistent quality of the product. In order to improve the quality of the condiment, there is need to explore standardization of the production process through use of starter culture such as Bacillus subtilis. Six samples were developed and were fermented at 35 °C in the laboratory using Bacillus subtilis concentrations of 1.0 mL and 1.5 mL at fermentation time(s) of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively. The pH, microbiological, chemical and sensory attributes of the fermented locust bean condiment samples were analysed using standard methods and a ten member semi trained panelists on a 3 point hedonic scale. As the dose concentration of Bacillus subtilis increased with fermentation time, the pH and microbial load showed a corresponding increase; except at fermentation time of 24 h where the total viable counts of the fermented locust bean were insignificant to be counted. The peroxide, FFA and TBA values of the fermented locust bean condiment samples showed increases, while protein exhibited a decline in content. Bacillus subtilis concentration of 1.0 mL and a fermentation time of 48 h produced a condiment with higher degree of consumer acceptability with no unpleasant odour. The use of Bacillus subtilis concentration was found to be concentration and time dependent. Excessive fermentation activities of Bacillus subtilis were undesirable at 72 h as this gave rise to low quality locust bean condiment with unpleasant odour.
A Study to Find Facts Behind Preprocessing on Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: G Ranganathan
Published: April 2021

In the near future, deep learning algorithms will be incorporated in several applications for assisting the human beings. The deep learning algorithms have the tendency to allow a computer to work on its assumption. Most of the deep learning algorithms mimic the human brain’s neuron connection to leverage an artificial intelligence to the computer system. This helps to improve the operational speed and accuracy on several critical tasks. This paper projects the blocks, which are required for the incorporation of deep learning based algorithm. Also, the paper attempts to deeply analyze the necessity of the preprocessing step over several deep learning based applications.
Pengendalian Diri Pada Penderita OCD
Authors: Salamah Sherlia Nailus
Published: April 2021

Pengendalian diri adalah kemampuan diri dalam mengontrol/menahan atau memberi batasan pada emosi dan perilaku yang akan dilakukan. Sedangkan OCD identik dengan pikiran menetap dan perilaku berulang yang terus menerus. Sehingga pengendalian diri dapat membantu penderita OCD dalam melaksanakan kegiatan sehari-hari.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengendalian diri pada penderita Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang. Karena spesifiknya subjek maka peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi partisipasi pasif, wawancara semi terstruktur dan studi dokumentasi.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan karakteristik penderita OCD yang dialami menyebabkan perilaku dan pengendalian diri yang dilakukan berbeda pula. Dan setiap pengendalian diri yang dilakukan dapat dikategorikan ke dalam beberapa aspek pengendalian diri. Adapun dari ketiga aspek pengendalian diri yang umum dilakukan oleh subjek adalah aspek kontrol perilaku. Dimana subjek dalam penelitian ini, lebih mampu mengendalikan gangguannya dengan cara memodifikasi suatu keadaan yang tidak menyenangkan menjadi sesuatu yang tetap bisa dilakukan. Hal ini berkaitan pula pada taraf kecerdasan diatas rata-rata yang dimiliki setiap subjek pada saat pemeriksaan
Pengaruh Penyesuaian Warna pada Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) terhadap Kemampuan Working Memory pada Anak Autisme
Authors: Irdiansyah Khairana , Nawangsari Nur Aini Fardana
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of colors adjustment on the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on the ability of Working Memory in children with autism. The study was conducted at Autism Training Center (PLA) Sidoarjo and Ceria PAUD Airlangga University with the number of subjects as many as 4 children, with details of 2 children of hyposensitive autism and 2 children hypersensitive autism. The research method used is a Quasi Experiment. The intervention tool during the study was 15 color adjusted PECS images according to Birren's color theory (2010) and Brewster's color theory, created in 1831, under the most hypnotic hypersensitive and hypersensitive conditions according to Mostafa (2008). As for the instrument pretest and posttest researchers use the theory of short-term memory from Atkinson (2014) with the aim to know whether the subject can understand the information with a maximum time of 30 seconds.Based on the results of data analysis using statistical analysis Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, it was found that there is nosignificant influence between the color on PECS on the ability of working memory of children with autism because the significance value of 0.180 because the number of subjects that are too few is 4 children. However, from the results of pretest posttest graphs and researcher notes, the four subjects experienced a considerable increase in scores. This study focuses on how color affects PECS to improve working memory in children with autism because in previous PECS studies that have been conducted by other researchers, no one has focused on color adjustment in PECS.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО КОМПЛЕКСА НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ
Authors: Хабиева З.Д.
Published: April 2021

Основа экономической безопасности лю-бой страны – это способность нацио-нальной экономики обеспечивать населе-ние продовольствием. Поэтому важ-нейшей частью рыночной экономики яв-ляется агропромышленный комплекс. По составу и структуре он сильно отлича-ется от других межотраслевых ком-плексов, главным образом потому, что в нем в качестве основного средства про-изводства используется земля, на кото-рой выращиваются сельскохозяйствен-ные продукты и сырье для производ-ственного и непроизводственного по-требления. Соотношение секторов, ко-торые он содержит, указывает на его структуру, но центральным направлени-ем агропромышленного комплекса явля-ется сельское хозяйство. В современных условиях в России агропромышленному комплексу отводится особая роль. Огра-ничительный характер экономических санкций, введенных в отношении Россий-ской Федерации, дал положительный импульс развитию агропромышленного комплекса.
МЕТОДЫ И ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА
Authors: Хагаева Ф.В. , Абдурагимов Х.И.
Published: April 2021

Государство является гарантом обеспе-чения безопасности и создания опти-мальных условий развития предприни-мательской деятельности. Создание безопасных условий для предпринима-тельской деятельности заключается в готовности органов государственной власти защищать интересы предприни-мателей, разрабатывать соответству-ющие институциональные и экономиче-ские механизмы, регулирующие их дея-тельность. Регулирование деятельности предпринимателей со стороны государ-ства заключается в правовом обеспече-нии их интересов в совокупности с инте-ресами всего общества в целом. Совре-менная экономика Российской Федерации постепенно переходит на мировой уро-вень, она уже не является закрытой для мирового сообщества. Все больше нара-щивая темпы своего развития, экономи-ка одновременно становится все более интернациональной.
ТУРИСТСКО-РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС: РОЛЬ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ
Authors: Эскиев М.А.
Published: April 2021

В статье рассматриваются теоретиче-ские основы туристско-рекреационного комплекса и его значение в региональной экономике. Приведена основанная клас-сификация туристско-рекре-ационных ресурсов. Также рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на формирование и развитие туристской деятельности. Рассмотрено значение создания бренда территории и бренда стратегии для развития регио-нальной экономики.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ БЕНЧМАРКИНГА ДЛЯ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ПРОЦЕССА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ ТОРГОВЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Закриева З.М. , Хажмурадова С.Д.
Published: April 2021

В статье рассмотрен вопрос необходи-мости усовершенствования процесса управления персоналом торговых пред-приятий. Рассмотрена структура си-стемы управления персоналом. Опреде-лены специфические черты использова-ния персонала на предприятиях торгов-ли. Выделены факторы влияния на орга-низацию процесса управления персона-лом торгового предприятия, которые характерны для современного этапа раз-вития отрасли. Проанализированы осо-бенности кадровой политики торговых сетей на каждом этапе процесса управ-ления персоналом. Предложено примене-ние метода бенчмаркинга для усовершен-ствования организации процесса управ-ления персоналом. Разработана методи-ка проведения бенчмаркинга для торго-вого предприятия. Определены этапы реализации бенчмаркинга. Предложено проводить анализ и систематизировать инструменты, которые применяют ве-дущие компании в процессе управления персоналом, по элементам кадровой по-литики.
Salat Jumat Daring dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Fakhrizal Idris  , Muhammad Yusram  , Azwar Iskandar
Published: April 2021

This study aims to: (i) know the valid requirements of Friday prayers; and (ii) analyze the validity of Friday prayers by online from the perspective of Islamic law. This research is qualitative descriptive research with library study techniques and theological-normative (syar’ī) and philosophical approaches. The results of study show that: (i) Friday prayer is a mandatory worship based on the Qur'an, Sunnah and ijmak, which have the pillars and conditions that must be observed for the sake of validity; (ii) the implementation of Friday prayers y online is invalid. At least this can be reviewed from two aspects; first, aspects of the basic principles and objectives derived from Islamic sharia (maqāṣid al-syarī'ah), where keeping Friday prayers in accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad saw. became part of hifzu al-dīn (keeping religion) so that it should not change the pattern of Friday prayer that the original law is a whole building. Islamic law has given rukhsah for every Muslim who is obliged to pray Friday prayer to replace it with Zuhr prayer when there is something that prevents it; second, the aspect of Islamic jurisprudence review, where Friday prayers require the existence of prayer congregations and is not validly performed individually. Analogizing online Friday prayers with online marriage contracts is incorrect because the law of qiyas must be analogous to the original law that has direct evidence and should not be to legal products or other qiyas results.
Inhibición de los efectos coagulante, fosfolipasa A2 y proteolítico del veneno de Bothrops asper por plantas usadas tradicionalmente en Centroamérica
Authors: Saravia-Otten Patricia , Hernández Rosario , Marroquín Nereida , García Gabriela , Mérida Max , Cruz Sully , Orozco Nohemí , Cáceres Armando , Gutiérrez José M.
Published: April 2021

Existen pocos estudios científicos que demuestren el valor terapéutico de las plantas en la medicina tradicional centroamericana para tratar el envenenamiento ofídico. En este estudio se evaluó la capacidad de los extractos etanólicos de nueve plantas de uso etnomédico en Centroamérica (Acacia hindsii, Aristolochia maxima, Bursera simaruba, Cissampelos pareira, Eryngium foetidum, Hamelia patens, Pimenta dioica, Piper peltatum y Sansevieria hyacinthoides) para inhibir el efecto coagulante del veneno de Bothrops asper. Tres de ellas (B. simaruba, E. foetidum y P. dioica) también fueron evaluadas en cuanto a su capacidad inhibitoria de los efectos fosfolipasa A2 (PLA2) y proteolítico del veneno. Las plantas fueron colectadas en Guatemala, secadas, extraídas con etanol y los efectos inhibitorios evaluados in vitro después de preincubar concentraciones variables de extracto con concentraciones fijas de veneno. Los resultados demostraron que ninguno de los extractos logró inhibir los efectos coagulante y PLA2, pero los extractos clorofilados de P. dioica y E. foetidum inhibieron efectivamente la actividad proteolítica del veneno. El tamizaje fitoquímico, mediante ensayos macro y semimicrométricos de cromatografía en capa fina, demostró la presencia de metabolitos secundarios reportados con actividad antiproteolítica (flavonoides, antocianinas, catequinas y taninos) en la composición química de los extractos de E. foetidum y P. dioica. Su efecto sobre el veneno se evaluó mediante electroforesis SDS-PAGE, demostrándose que no está mediado por degradación proteolítica de los componentes del veneno. El aislamiento y caracterización específica de sus metabolitos secundarios en futuros estudios, permitirá determinar el mecanismo de acción inhibitoria ejercido por estos extractos.
Principales plantas medicinales disponibles en Guatemala con actividad contra virus respiratorios que infectan al ser humano – Revisión narrativa
Authors: Cáceres Armando , Cáceres Sebastián
Published: April 2021

Las infecciones respiratorias constituyen una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial, incrementándose su relevancia ante la reciente infección por SARS-CoV-2, causante de la pandemia de COVID-19. Las opciones terapéuticas para esta infección respiratoria son escasas y sin eficacia comprobada. El objetivo de esta revisión fue buscar la información sobre plantas con actividad antiviral o viricida publicada en los últimos 10 años, en las bases de datos de Google Scholar, Scopus y PubMed. La búsqueda priorizó aquellas especies disponibles en Guatemala, la cual se complementó con la búsqueda de moléculas con actividad antiviral para finalmente postular aquellas que puedan prevenir la infección o aminorar la patogénesis del SARS-CoV-2. Se detectaron más de 170 especies con actividad antiviral y se organizó la información por país o región y tipo de actividad antiviral contra virus específicos. De las especies de mayor disponibilidad en Guatemala se seleccionaron 20. La revisión culmina con 15 artículos que proponen plantas o moléculas con potencial actividad específica en el manejo de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Se concluye que existen especies vegetales (Curcuma longa, Echinacea purpurea, Psidium guajava, Allium sativum, Salvia officinalis y Eucalyptus globulus) y fitocompuestos vegetales (hesperidina, rutina, diosmina, apiina, aloe-emodina, piperina, capsaicina, curcumina, oleuropeina, rhamnetina y gallato de epicatequina) que podrían contribuir al manejo de la enfermedad. Se instaa académicos y autoridades a poner más atención a estas opciones terapéuticas que nos ofrece la naturaleza y que podrían contribuir a aliviar el colapso de los sistemas de salud prevalentes
Respons Seniman Malaysia Dekad 1970-an terhadap Dasar Kebudayaan Kebangsaan: Satu Analisis Awal Pameran "Towards a Mystical Reality" (1974) dan "Rupa dan Jiwa" (1979)
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Abdul Halim Siti Nur Balqis , Abdullah Sarena
Published: April 2021

Art exhibitions play an important role in developing and supporting art activities in Malaysia and are often used as platforms to showcase works of the visual arts to the public. The National Cultural Policy (NCP) (1971) had a profound impact on the development of the visual arts in Malaysia. This policy is the country’s official attempt to establish a Malaysian identity, especially in the arts. Indirectly, it also challenged the boundaries of the definition of art in terms of philosophy, sociology, and aesthetics, in the context of exhibition practices. This paper discusses two local art exhibitions— Towards a Mystical Reality (TMR) (1974) and Rupa dan Jiwa (1979). This paper discusses both exhibitions in the contexts of the NCP, particularly by focusing on the aspect of (Malay) nativism, and through the introduction of new ideas and concepts with an intellectual component.
Adaptasi Teks Sejarah kepada Filem: Kajian Bandingan Teks Sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Patani kepada Filem Queens of Langkasuka
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Shahul Hamid Mohamed Nazreen , Yaapar Md. Salleh
Published: April 2021

Queens of Langkasuka is a film adaptation of the historical text entitled Sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Patani. The eminence of the female rulers of Patani is noteworthy, and has resulted in this film adaptation. The question is whether the facts and events in the film are as reflected in the original source, or if there have been any additions or omissions, and what of the original has been maintained. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to compare the film Queens of Langkasuka with the text of Sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Patani to view the extent of similarity between the film and the historical text. The second objective is to examine the adaptation techniques used by the director. To this end, adaptation theory was used to identify anything that has been added, removed or retained. This study was conducted using a qualitative method for text and film analysis and comparison, and it finds that all three adaptation techniques were used by the director and scriptwriters in the film Queens of Langkasuka. Comparison reveals that while much was added, much was also discarded and replaced or intentionally modified. Thus, Queens of Langkasuka is a successful work of art that is distinct from the historical text on which it is based.