bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth and Production Response of Five Hybrid Maize Varieties to Application of Different Fertilizer Packages
Authors: Afriani Afriani , Husni L Hernusye , Kadir Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This study aims to see the effect or response of five varieties of corn to the package of fertilizer doses observed from the growth and production. The research used a two-factor factorial experimental design in a Randomized Block Design, with 5 hybrid corn varieties as the first factor, namely varieties P21, P22, C9, C7 and Agricon, Urea, ZA, SP-36 and KCl fertilizers. Fertilization Package as the second factor was arranged with a combination of (1) Urea 350 + ZA 100 + SP-36 175 + KCl 75 kg ha-1, (2) Urea 250 + ZA 100 + SP-36 100 + KCl 50 kg ha-1, and (3) Urea 250 + ZA 100 kg ha-1 The results showed that there was an interaction between corn variety C7 and fertilization package 1 (350 urea + 100 ZA + 175 SP-36 + 75 KCl kg ha-1) on the addition of the best number of leaves which was 7,853 strands. Hybrid variety C9 gave the highest yield per hectare of 5.573 tons, and the fertilization package that gave the best results on corn production was fertilization package 3 (250 urea + 100 ZA kg ha-1) with an average grain yield per hectare of 5.07 tons.
Biopriming with Trichoderma sp. and Application of Liquid Fertilizer to Increase Growth and Production of Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants
Authors: Hadinata Manuel , D Rahmad , Wisdawati Eka
Published: July 2023

Corn (Zea mays) is one of the crop commodities that continues to be developed due to its usefulness, but its production is low due to a lack of balanced fertilization. The purpose of this study was to see the interaction effect of Trichoderma sp biopriming treatment and liquid fertilizer on the growth and production of corn plants. The research method was arranged in factorial form in a randomized block design. The first factor was Trichoderma biopriming and the second factor was liquid fertilizer. The results showed that the combination treatment of biopriming and liquid fertilizer enriched with Trichoderma sp and 2 grams of NPK gave the best results for number of leaves 13.17, stem diameter 1.25, fruit weight 125.50, cob weight 24.33, seed weight 90, 13. The results showed that the combination of bio-priming with liquid fertilizer enriched with Trichoderma sp and 2 grams of NPK gave better growth and production of corn.
Establishing a State-of-the-Art Diagnostic and Medical Imaging Center in Afghanistan: Achievements, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Qader Abdul Qadir , Akhgar Javid , Tan Stephanie Wai Yee
Published: July 2023

Despite being an indispensable component of modern medicine and clinical practice, the radiology field is still underdeveloped and underappreciated in Afghanistan. The lack of adequate diagnostic and medical imaging centers (DMIC) poses an obstacle to timely diagnosis, as well as efficacious disease treatment and monitoring. This article details the experience of establishing a state-of-the-art DMIC in Herat, a province in western Afghanistan. Experiences from the conceptualization to the actualization phases of the establishment are presented. Challenges encountered throughout the process and ways to overcome them are illustrated. Future perspectives in providing evidence-based high-value imaging care in Afghanistan are discussed.
Conclusion: Establishing, maintaining and developing a diagnostic and medical imaging center in a low-income country is feasible, albeit challenging. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is required to ensure sustainable radiology services and to expand the role of radiology in disease management.
The use of anticoagulants in patients hospitalised with COVID-19
Authors: Gloeck N , Jaca A , Kredo T , Calligaro G
Published: July 2023

In this Cochrane Corner, we highlight the main findings of a Cochrane Review by Flumignan et al. entitled ‘Anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID‐19’ and discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice in South Africa. In particular, we underscore the need for additional, high‐quality, randomised controlled trials comparing different intensities of anticoagulation in patients with COVID‐19 illness. Individuals in the intensive care unit and those hospitalised with another illness who are incidentally found to be infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 should still only be treated with prophylactic‐dose low‐molecular‐weight heparin.
Clinical features and outcomes of patients with myasthenia gravis admitted to an intensive care unit: A 20-year retrospective study
Authors: Morar R , Group 6-2018 GEMP , Seedat F , Rchards G A
Published: July 2023

Background. There are limited data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH).

Objectives. The aim was to study the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with MG admitted to the CMJAH over two decades.

Methods. A retrospective study was undertaken of patients with MG admitted to the multidisciplinary ICU of CMJAH over a 20-year period, from 1998 to 2017. Demographic data, clinical features, management and outcomes of patients were assessed and reviewed from the case records.

Results. Thirty-four patients with MG were admitted to the ICU during this period: 24 female and 10 male. The mean age ± SD was 37.4 ± 13.0 years, with a range of 16 - 66 years. Four patients were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. The mean length of stay (LOS) in ICU was 10.6 ± 20.1 days, ranging from 1 to 115 days. Two patients were diagnosed with MG in the ICU after failure to wean from the ventilator. Overall, 22 patients were intubated and ventilated on admission. Morbidities included self-extubation, aspiration pneumonia and iatrogenic pneumothorax. History of thymectomy was present in 12 patients. The treatments received for MG included pyridostigmine (73.5%), corticosteroids (55.9%), azathioprine (35.3%), plasmapheresis (26.5%) and intravenous immunoglobulin (8.8%). The overall mortality in the ICU was 5.9%.

Conclusion. MG is a serious disorder with considerable morbidity and mortality. It is, however, a potentially manageable disease, provided that appropriate ICU resources are available.
Is scolding analogous to positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)?
Authors: Singhal S , Verma M , Bhatia G
Published: July 2023

N/A
Editors’ Notes
Authors: Nimehchisalem Vahid , Hung Yueh-Nu
Published: July 2023

You are reading the second, or April, issue of the eleventh volume of IJELS. The current issue includes interesting articles with interesting topics that range from performing arts literacy to entrepreneurial literacy.
Teachers’ Views on Providing Motivation Based on ARCS Model in Online Musical Instrument Education
Authors: Teke Hacer , Sever Gulsah
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to reveal the applications for the tools, methods, and strategies used to provide motivation in online instrument education in line with the opinions of instrument educators. In the study, interview, observation, and literature review, which are among the qualitative research methods, were used. Within the scope of the research, 41 teachers who provided online instrument training were interviewed, and 10-hour lesson observations were made. In the content analysis based on the Arcs model, it was observed that teachers used technological tools and applications to provide motivation in their lessons, included games, and planned their lessons according to age groups and individual differences of students in online instrument education. To provide motivation in the context of the Arcs model, it was seen that they applied the most to establish interest and the least to the satisfaction dimension. Based on this research, it has been proposed to use methods and strategies that motivate students in online courses and to develop online pedagogical approaches and technological course programs.
Saudi EFL Students’ Speaking Anxiety from the Perspective of their College Instructors
Authors: Faqihi Mohammed Ali H
Published: July 2023

Speaking is considered an essential literacy skill and enjoys a superior status among other language skills. Thus, this current study aims at scrutinizing Saudi EFL trainees’ speaking anxiety from their college instructors’ perspectives. It adheres to qualitative approach and utilizes face-to-face interviews with four language instructors. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that EFL instructors at Saudi colleges of technology are aware of their students’ speaking anxiety. Thus, they reported several causes that lead to students’ foreign language speaking anxiety (FLSA, hereafter) such as fear of making mistakes, the limited exposure to the language, low language proficiency, and fear of receiving negative evaluation from both their instructors and peers. In addition, the results revealed that the instructors use different strategies that help alleviating their students’ FLSA such as building good relationships with students, creating positive and friendly atmosphere in the classroom, increasing students’ engagement in the class and correcting students’ erroneous beliefs about language learning. Encouraging and motivating students to participate in oral tasks was a significant strategy stated by the instructors, which help reduce students’ FLSA in the classroom. The study concludes that the type of curriculum and overcrowding classes are factors that significantly affect the instructors’ awareness of their students’ FLSA.
Literacy Transmission of Isan Lam's Melodies to Inherit MoLam's Performing Art
Authors: Champadaeng Sitthisak , Chuangprakhon Sayam , Sriphet Kla , Sirifa Sirin
Published: July 2023

MoLam is a cultural performance art in northeast Thailand. MoLam is a profession that requires the high art of singing and relies on literary aesthetics and elaborate melodies to attract listeners. The objectives of this study were to: 1) research and collect information about Isan MoLam's performing arts, 2) explore the current conditions and problems affecting MoLam's performing arts literacy inheritance, and 3) investigate the process of transmission literacy to inherit MoLam's performing arts literacy. Descriptive analysis was used to examine and data from documents and fieldwork. The results of this study are as follows: (1) According to MoLam research, when the colonial country invaded this region, the Thai-Lao ethnic culture in northeastern Thailand and Lao PDR was split. On the Thai side, individuals flocked to the center area to meet with Siam. MoLam in the Northeast has steadily developed since then, and it may be classified into four types: (i) non-dramatic MoLam, (ii) dramatic MoLam, (iii) ritual MoLam, and (iv) miscellaneous MoLam. (2) As Thai society enters the internet era, there are numerous popular entertainment mediums, leading people's morals to shift and lowering people's interest in viewing MoLam performances and roles. The goal is to find a way to pass down this performance art to future generations. (3) Literacy transmission: After synthesizing the material to be taught, the students are separated into two groups: (i) MoLam singing has been practiced by a group of elementary and high school students; (ii) MoLam singing, and music have been practiced by a group of students at higher education institutions. Under the established parameters, both groups have extra talents. In conclusion, this study may be utilized as a model for conveying local wisdom information.
Sustainable Environmental Awareness in the Making of Steinway & Sons Pianos and Opinions of Lecturers on Sustainable Environmental Literacy in Piano Making
Authors: Dinçer Sezer
Published: July 2023

The majority of the pieces that make up the structures of the piano are wooden products. Large piano brands provide resources for the materials. They use various forest products or they create their own forests. Respecting life, biodiversity together with protecting nature and our world are important elements for sustainable environmental awareness. The sustainable environmental awareness is developing by ensuring that current needs are met and transferred to future generations with controlled consumption without destroying natural resources. In this study, it was aimed to examine the knowledge levels of the piano educators regarding the sustainable environmental studies of the piano producer Steinway Sons brand, and also the production of the Steinway Sons brand with sustainable environmental awareness. The research is limited to the Steinway Sons brand. The lecturers in Turkey constitute the scope of the study and the ones who are conveniently reached make up the participants of the study. Qualitative research methods are used in the study. The data are obtained by document review method, content analysis and questionnaire. The results showed that; majority of the lecturers do not have any knowledge about the dimensions of sustainability in piano production, such as energy use, material use, recycling and responsible forestry.
Turkish Teacher Candidates’ Attitudes towards Distance Turkish Teaching in Terms of Some Variables
Authors: Eroğlu Aysun
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this research is to investigate the attitudes of Turkish teacher candidates towards distance Turkish teaching in terms of gender, owning a personal computer, previous experience of taking distance education lessons before the COVID-19 pandemic, and daily internet usage. The relational survey model was used. The study group consisted of 133 Turkish teacher candidates (77 women and 56 men) studying at Department of Turkish Education, Dede Korkut Education Faculty, Kafkas University 2021-2022 Spring Semester. Research data was collected through Google Docs. Independent samples t-test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. As a result of the research, it was found that the attitudes of Turkish teacher candidates towards distance Turkish teaching did not differ significantly in terms of gender, but it was found that there was a difference in favor of women in the technology dimension. While there was no significant difference between the attitudes of the teacher candidates who owned a PC and those who did not. It was also found that there was an important difference in the optimism dimension. It was found that there was no significant difference in terms of whether or not they took distance education lessons before the COVID-19 pandemic and daily internet usage.
Collegiality in Improving the Quality of Learning: Case Study of Lecturers and Teacher Partnership Program at Junior High School of Cokroaminoto Palopo
Authors: Damayanti Sri , Irwan Irwan , Hakim M. Nur
Published: July 2023

Through the Lecturer and Teacher Partnership Program, this study attempts to determine the effect of collegiality in raising the standard of instruction at SMP Cokroaminoto Palopo. This descriptive and observation to data. The findings showed that the plan, do, and see phases of lesson study implementation were divided into four cycles. From the stage of creating learning to the level of implementation in the classroom, these three stages are interconnected. The study’s version of collegiality also involves instructors and lecturers planning lessons in accordance with the challenges and educational needs faced by Cokroaminoto Palopo Middle School. Observations’ findings indicate that the learning designs created by lecturers and teachers have a favorable effect on the standard of learning in the classroom.
Fuga y errancia en Mal de época de María Sonia Cristoff
Authors: Oliver María Paz
Published: July 2023

El artículo analiza las dimensiones que adopta la errancia en relación con la experiencia de fuga en la novela Mal de época, de la escritora argentina María Sonia Cristoff, como una forma de cuestionar las políticas cotidianas relativas a la movilidad moderna y posmoderna. A lo largo de una investigación sobre Albert Dadas –aquejado de una fuga disociativa– y la historia de un personaje involucrado en un atentado, la errancia determina las fugas de los personajes, por un lado, como un quiebre con las condiciones de control y poder propias de sus contextos; y, por otro, como una atmósfera de desubicación y disolución de las identidades que, desde la espera y el aburrimiento, encarna el estado de ánimo de una crisis y de una experiencia desterritorializadora.
Anatomical and Morphological Variations in Supernumerary Third Head of Biceps Brachii Muscle in Human Cadavers and its Clinical Significance
Authors: Patel Roma , Joshi Meghana , Soni Jagdish , Vaniya Vasant H
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The biceps brachii muscle takes its name from its two proximally attached ‘heads’. On rare occasions, an anomalous third head arises from the superomedial part of the brachialis and is attached to the bicipital aponeurosis and the medial side of the tendon of insertion. The slip frequently descends in front of and behind the brachial artery and often causes compression of the median nerve or brachial artery. Aim: To calculate incidence of the supernumerary third head of the biceps brachii along with its anatomical and morphological variations to establish its clinical significance. Materials and Methods: The observational study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, Dr. Kiran C Patel Medical College and Research Institute, Bharuch, Gujarat, India, from October 2021 to September 2022. It included 32 cadaveric upper limbs- 16 right-sided and 16 left-sided. The morphometric measurements were done with the use of digital vernier caliper. The findings were photographed and recorded. The mean and standard deviation deviation were hereby presented and analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. Results: The biceps brachii was constituted of supernumerary third head in three (9.375%) limbs, one on the right and two on the left-side. In all cases, third head arose from the anteromedial aspect of the mid-humeral shaft; medial to the brachialis and inserted together with the other two heads of the biceps into bicipital aponeurosis and radial tuberosity. The mean length and mean width of the supernumerary head was measured as 141.16±43.63 mm, 25.22±4.99 mm, respectively. A significant difference was not found when compared for symmetrical sides. Conclusion: Three specimens of upper limb were observed with distinct occurrence for the third head with the incidence of 9.37% and predominance on the left-side. In case of various arm surgical procedures knowledge can be used to avoid injuries.
Impression Cytology in the Evaluation of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia- A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Patil Meghana , Nagaraj TS , Kulkarni Mohan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN) are a diverse group of lesions varying from Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) to invasive Squamous Cell Carcinomas (SCC). Histopathological examination is the gold standard technique in diagnosing them. However, it is invasive and may not be suitable in recurrent cases. Numerous minimally invasive techniques are available to diagnose OSSN cytologically. This study employs Impression Cytology (IC) to diagnose ocular squamous neoplastic lesions and compare it with the histological diagnosis. Aim: To utilise IC in the diagnosis of OSSN and to compare its findings with histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, conducted in a Tertiary Eye care Hospital, Hubli, Karnataka, India during January 2023. The data included was over a period of three years (from July 2016 to June 2019). A total of 44 eyes (34 patients), in which both biopsy and IC done, were included. The patients’ age, sex and ocular examination findings were recorded. The cytological and histopathological slides were retrieved from the archives and examined morphologically. The cytological findings were compared with histopathological diagnosis and the sensitivity and specificity of the IC technique were calculated. The data was analysed using Microsoft excel sheets. Results: A total of 34 patients were studied ranging from 19 to 85 years. The mean age was 49 years, 21 (61.76%) of them were males and 13 (38.24%) were females. In 24 patients, single eye was affected and in 10 patients bilateral eye involvement was seen. Histology revealed that there were 18 (40.90%) CIN I cases, 4 (9.09%) CIN II, 5 (11.36%) CIN III and 17 (38.65%) SCC. On cytology, 3 (6.82 %) were normal conjunctival epithelium, 30 (68.18 %) were dysplasia and 11 (25.00 %) were SCC. On cyto- histomorphological analysis, 35 (79.55 %) were concordant, out of 44 diagnosis. IC has a sensitivity of 88.89% and specificity of 64.71% to detect dysplasia. To diagnose SCC, it has sensitivity of 64.71% and 100% specificity. Conclusion: According to the present study observations, IC is an excellent preliminary tool to investigate suspected neoplastic lesions of ocular surface. It has a very good concordance with histopathological diagnosis. IC is highly sensitive to detect dysplasia (CIN) and is very specific to diagnose SCC.
EFFECT OF UTSADANIYA LEPA IN WOUND BED PREPARATION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Shinde Jyoti N. , Hande Vaishnavi H. , Khobragade Sandesh
Published: July 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effect of local application of Utsadaniya lepa (Application of herbal paste to a wound-producing granulation) in wound bed preparation. Materials and methods: A surgically created deep wound was managed with the local application of lepa of Utsadaniya dravyas (drugs) mixed with goghruta (ghee). Jalaukavacharana (leech therapy) and vrana dhavana (washing) with Triphala kwatha were also administered as adjuvant medication. Observation: Utsadaniya lepa has an important role in enhancing the process of granulation formation in shuddha vrana. Result: Post debridement deep wound on the dorsum of the right foot was treated successfully with Utsadaniya lepa to achieve wound bed preparation for further surgical intervention, i.e., split skin grafting. Conclusion: Utsadaniya lepa effectively reduces the wound's depth by accelerating the process of granulation formation.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS / KAPHAJA ABHISHYANDA: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Fiaz Shamsa , . Satyavati
Published: July 2023

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is the commonest allergic eye disease in childhood. The major complaints of VKS patients are intense itching, tearing, photophobia and mucous discharge. This condition can be correlated with Kaphaja Abhishyanda (Kapha dominant conjunctivitis) in Ayurvedic texts. Kriyakalpa (ocular therapeutic procedures) procedure, along with oral medications, successfully manages symptoms and reduces the recurrence rate. A nine-year-old female patient consulted the eye OPD of the National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, with chief complaints of atikandu (excessive itching), akshiraga (redness in the eyes) and jalsrava (watery secretion) in both eyes since three months. Slit lamp examination revealed the presence of gelatinous opacification (approx. 2 mm in size) at the limbus, hyperaemia in the palpebral conjunctiva and triangular congestion in the bulbar conjunctiva. The rest of the eye assessment was normal. Owing to the symptoms and signs, the case was diagnosed as VKC, which can be correlated with Kaphaja Abhishyanda. Hence this patient was treated with Kriyakalpa (ocular therapeutic procedures) like Ashchyotana (eye drops), Nasyam (medications through nasal route), Vidalaka (Application of medicated paste on the outer part of the eye), etc., along with oral medications. Kriyakalpas (ocular therapeutic procedures), as well as internal medications, give significant results in the management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
AYURVEDIC APPROACH TO TREAT CHRONIC RESIDUAL BELL’S PALSY IN CHILDREN: A CASE REPORT
Authors: AS Anoop , Das Chitta Ranjan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Bell’s palsy is the most common type of unilateral facial paralysis (60%-75%). The etiopathogenesis of Bell’s palsy is uncertain. The clinical features include acute onset of unilateral facial paralysis, poor eyelid closure, posterior auricular pain, numbness of cheeks, and deviation of the angle of the mouth towards the unaffected side. Bell’s palsy can be understood as Ardita in Ayurveda. Acharya Sushruta has included bala as a susceptible group while describing the vishesha nidanas of Ardita. Aims and Ideas: To study the effect of a framed Ayurvedic treatment protocol in managing chronic residual Bell’s palsy in children. Methods: The present case was a chronic right-sided residual Bell’s palsy with a history of 12 years and was approached through the line of management of Ardita mentioned in Bruhattrayees and Yogamrutam for 12 days. The treatment was started with takra dhara to give mrdu rookshana. Takra dhara mukha abhyanga and ksheera dhoomam were administered, followed by marsha nasyam. Two specific treatments mentioned in Yogamrutam was adopted in this case, i.e., panasa patra swedam and navaneeta shiro talam. The treatment was ended with shashtika shala pinda swedana to mukha. Results and Discussions: The facial asymmetry was reduced by 60% at the end of the treatment. Watering of the right was subsided entirely, and there was complete effortless closure of the right year after treatment. Pain, twitching and numbness on the right half of the face were utterly absent. The House and Brackmann grade was reduced from Grade III to Grade II after 12 days of treatment.
SINGLE-ARM CLINICAL TRIAL OF YONISHAITHILYAHAR YOGA YONIDHAVAN LOCALLY IN YONISHAITHILYA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VAGINAL WALL PROLAPSE
Authors: Patil Ashwini Ravindra , Turlapati Vishala
Published: July 2023

Yonishaithilya is a common gynaecological problem in women after the reproductive age group. This must not be taken as easily as it can adversely affect a woman’s life quality and may hamper her day-to-day activities. As per Bruhatrayi, yonishaithilya represents symptoms of mahayoni yonivyapada, Vataj yonivyapada and Phalini yonivyapada. Aetiology (samprapti), signs (lakshana), symptoms, and treatment (chikitsa) of yonishaithilya resembles perineal laxity. Perineal laxity is the condition where there is loosening of supporting structures of the female pelvis, thereby allowing the descent of one or more pelvic organs through the laxed anterior and posterior vaginal walls and showing symptoms like something coming out through the vagina, increased frequency of micturition, difficulty in voiding urine, stress incontinence, toda (pricking pain), chosha (burning), kandu (itching). Ayurveda provides us with formulations like Yonishaithilyahar yoga yonidhavan in Gadanigraha. In this study, we took 100 patients diagnosed with yonishaithilya in a single group and gave them Yonishaithilyahar yoga yonidhavan for 3 cycles of 8 days. After the study, it was found that 31(31%) patients had complete remission, 66(66%) patients had marked improvement and 3(3%) patients had moderate improvement.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DR. ORTHO OIL IN THE TREATMENT OF JOINT PAIN, STIFFNESS, AND INFLAMMATION: AN OPEN-LABEL, NON-RANDOMISED CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Kimtata Vijay , Gupta Vishu , Singh Lakhbir , Ahmed Hasan Ali , Holagundi Lokesh
Published: July 2023

Background: Joint pain or inflammation is a common complaint among the elderly and is conventionally treated with steroidal or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Because of the adverse effects of these drugs, the present herbal formulation is being developed for the long-term control of pain and inflammation. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Dr. Ortho Oil in patients with knee pain, low back pain, joint stiffness, sports injuries, and joint inflammations. Methods: This was a single-centre, open-label, non-randomised study. 120 participants were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All individuals were instructed to use Dr. Ortho Oil for 60 days. The primary outcome was a change in the frequency of subjects with a significant reduction in joint pain, stiffness, and inflammation. Secondary outcomes were improvements in investigator assessment scale (IAS) and subject self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ) scores at successive administrations compared with the baseline. Results: The study indicated that topical use of Dr. Ortho Oil for 30 days reduced all dimensions of pain. SAQ and IAS scores also decreased significantly.
AYURVEDIC DRUGS IN MANAGEMENT AND UPAKARMA OF VATAJA HRIDROGA: A REVIEW
Authors: Yadav Sanjana , Mhatre Sejal , Dongre Shrutika , Maheshwari Vaibhav , Pore Reshma
Published: July 2023

Hridroga is the most critical ailment described in Ayurveda. Vataja (cardiovascular disorder) is a form of Hridroga that can be distinguished by pathological symptoms described in Ayurveda. It manifests as ruja in urah pradesha (chest discomfort) and other signs and symptoms such as alpanidrata, shvasavrodha, darah, hrutdrava, stambha, stabadha, akasmat deenata, shoka, bhaya, shabdasehsnuta, shunyata, vepathu, and vestana. Ayurveda has a deficit in assessing disease symptoms using standard parameters. In order to diagnose a disease, it is necessary to do an assessment. Vataj Hridroga symptoms include hritshunya bhava, hrit-shosha, bheda and stambha, and moha-murccha. It is primarily due to Vata vitiation. Shaman chikitsa is the most effective treatment for Vataj Hridroga. Classical literature on Vataj Hridroga and Haritakyadi ghritapaan from Charaka Samhita was studied as a source of information. The drugs used to make Haritakyadi ghrita from Bhavaprakasa Nighantu. The literature mentions observations on nidana, samprapti, Vataj Hridroga's rupa, Haritakyadi ghritapaan, and drugs.
PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF ACALYPHA INDICA LINN. (EUPHORBIACEAE)
Authors: SR Ajai Franco , R Vijaya Bharathi , R Radha , S Kirubavathi , E Avantikka
Published: July 2023

Acalypha indica is a plant species found on roadsides and riverbanks throughout India. Native to India and Southeast Asia, Acalypha indica is an evergreen shrub often used for ornamental purposes. As the world becomes increasingly aware of the benefits of plants, the future of Acalypha indica is looking bright. It is an essential medicinal species used extensively for treating patients in the Ayurvedic and Siddha systems of medicine. It is claimed to treat various health conditions and management of chronic diseases. Due to these therapeutic activities, researchers made several studies to evaluate the chemical composition and pharmacological activities produced by the plant. Flavonoids, cyanogenic glucoside (acalyphin), tannins, saponins, and pyranoquinolinone alkaloid (flindersine) are the major chemical constituents present in Acalypha indica. In vitro, and in-vivo studies have been carried out to confirm various pharmacological activities present in this plant. This includes antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-fertility, antivenom, wound healing effect and anti-diabetic activities. They are also used as diuretic, cathartic, anthelmintic and in treating psoriasis. Overall, the potential of Acalypha indica is vast, and its future looks promising. As research progresses, more and more medicinal and ornamental uses may be discovered. This review will summarise all the pharmacological activities registered by this plant and the phytochemicals present in Acalypha indica.
A REVIEW OF WOUND: CURRENT ASPECTS AND NOVEL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Panda Subham Kumar , Ray B
Published: July 2023

A wound may be defined as a break in the epithelial integrity of the skin or may also be described as a loss or breaking of cellular and anatomic or functional continuity of living tissue. Healing is a survival mechanism that maintains normal anatomical structure and function. Treatment is therefore aimed at minimizing the undesired consequences. Management of the healing of wounds is a complicated and expensive program, and research on drugs that increase wound healing is a developing area in modern biomedical sciences. The correct approach to treating wounds should effectively assist the healing process, and it can significantly impact the final clinical outcome. The use of herbal medicines and traditional plant extracts for wound healing is gaining popularity over other drugs, which may be explained by the perception that they have fewer side effects.
Soybean Diseases and Their Effect on Yield Elements in Southern Regions of Uzbekistan
Authors: Akmal Meyliyev , Feruza Toshmetova
Published: July 2023

Fusarium (Fusarium L) disease of soybean in the cultivation of soybean grain causes a loss of 30-60% of grain yield and serious damage to the level of protein and fat content of grain. With this in mind, this paper discusses the development, prevalence, yield and 1000-grain weight of soybean fungal diseases and the effectiveness of seed treatments in disease control.
Effects of Information Governance (IG) on Profitability in the Nigerian Banking Sector
Authors: Olaniyi Oluwaseun O. , Olaoye Olugbenga O. , Okunleye Olalekan J.
Published: July 2023

Aims: The article provides an overview of the Nigerian banking industry, highlighting its regulation by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the role of information governance (IG) in enhancing the industry's robustness. Despite being recognized as one of the top performers in Africa, there are inconsistencies in information governance, particularly in data management.

Place of Study: The case study of Capital One showed that implementing appropriate governance policies could have either entirely mitigated the attack or reduced the time the hackers had unauthorized access, minimizing the attack's impact on the organization.

Methodology: The study employed a mixed-methods approach to explore the feasibility of implementing an Information Governance Framework (IGF) in the financial sector. The quantitative data collected from Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC), the regulator of banking industry in Nigeria revealed that implementing IG programs is crucial for profitability in the banking industry.

Results: The study concludes that effective IG depends on formalized structures, accountability, privacy, ethics, transparency, monitoring, compliance, and suitability. Therefore, with 95% confidence, it can be stated that IG policies does not contribute to mitigating data breaches in the Nigerian banking industry and improving profitability. The study has shown that financial institutions can utilize information governance to mitigate data breaches and increase profits. While data breaches remain a real threat, banks can leverage IG policies to enhance profitability by safeguarding their assets.

Conclusion: It is concluded that Nigerian banks must remain vigilant and address any changes within their business infrastructure to mitigate risks and protect sensitive data using appropriate IG policies and standards.
Stochastic Analysis of Asset Returns Which Follows Multiplicative Effects Series
Authors: Ebakpa L. E. , Amadi I. U. , Nchelem R. G. , Azor P. A.
Published: July 2023

The key importance of asset values and it return rates are geared towards investment funds which grows wealth over time. This paper considered stochastic models where asset values were examined. A twelve (12) months (2022) initial closing stock price data of Oando, PLC, were used in the study. The problems were accurately solved analytical by means of Ito’s theorem and a closed form solutions were obtained which governed asset price return rates through multiplicative effects series. The empirical illustrations between Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs) and Stochastic Delay Differential Equations (SDDEs) asset values were compared to inform Oando PLC in terms of decision making. However, the behaviour on the value of asset prices were analysed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS).  To this end,   graphical solutions and the effects of the relevant stock variables were conferred accordingly.
Comparative Analysis of Sentinel-3 and Terra MODIS Satellite Images for Air Temperature Observation in Denpasar Area
Authors: Varestefanica Josephira Anna , Yuliara I. Made , Yuda I. Wayan Andi , Suarbawa Komang Ngurah , Sumadiyasa Made , Sandi I. Nengah , Gunawan Anak Agung Ngurah
Published: July 2023

This study evaluates the air temperature products of Sentinel-3 and Terra MODIS satellite images, with the aim of determining the comparison results of Sentinel-3 and Terra MODIS satellite images for air temperature observations, and also to determine the minimum and maximum temperatures of the Denpasar area obtained using satellite images. Correlation relationship analysis and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used to investigate the correlation and the degree of accuracy between the air temperature of satellite imagery and the air temperature of field observations. The results showed that Terra MODIS satellite imagery has better accuracy to BMKG air temperature compared to Sentinel-3 satellite imagery. Terra MODIS imagery has a correlation coefficient value of 0.95 and an RMSE value of 0.51, while Sentinel-3 satellite imagery has a correlation coefficient value of 0.78 and an RMSE value of 0.93, so it can be noted that Terra MODIS satellite images are better used in air temperature observations than Sentinel-3 satellite images.  The results also showed that the minimum temperature detected by Sentinel-3 satellite images from 32 observations was 9.51°C on September 23, 2021 and the maximum temperature was 41.50°C on April 14, 2021. Meanwhile, in Terra MODIS satellite images from 32 observations, the minimum temperature was 20.57°C on September 23, 2021 and the maximum temperature was 37.08 on April 16, 2021.
Assessment of the Economic Benefits of Conservation Activities at Kwano Chimpanzee Forest Habitat in Gashaka Gumti National Park (GGNP), Nigeria
Authors: Febnteh E. B. , Jatau D. F. , Schombi S. O.
Published: July 2023

The assessment of the economic benefits of the conservation of the Kwano chimpanzee forest habitat for sustainable conservation in GGNP, Nigeria was primarily aiming at assessing the economic benefits derived so far by the indigenes of the Gashaka village which is the closest settlement to the forest and the GGNP staff for the purpose of improving sustainable conservation within the park. Data was collected through Purposeful or Judgmental Sampling by standardized face-to-face interviews scheduled according to Ezebilo et al. [1] by the help of questionnaire. Most (67.5%) of the respondents were males, age classes for Gashaka residents had a mean of 44±1.89 and 39±1.57 for the Park Staff; 67.5% were primary school leavers, 14.71% had no formal education; 52.94% were farmers, 5.88% civil servants; 92.31% were married, 7.69% unmarried; household size in Gashaka had a mean of 4±0.14 and for Park staff was 4±0.18. Mean cash income for Gashaka community= ₦35,333±7,090.68; Park Staff= ₦22,083±5,545.18. All the respondents (79.41% for Gashaka residents and 100% for Park staff) claimed employment, physical cash and the provision of social amenities: health, education, road, borehole as benefits gained from conservation activities. More benefits are generated by the local communities during the dry months with the highest being in February (₦45,000), ₦43,000 in March and ₦41,000 in April while least in the wet months of August (₦23,000), ₦25,000 in July and ₦28,000 in September for Gashaka community whereas for Park Staff it was April (₦29,000), ₦28,000 in May and ₦27,000 in January and least in August (₦13,000), ₦14,000 in September and ₦14,000 in November. Collaborating with traditional rulers (100%), creation of more jobs (100%) were some of the suggested strategies for conservation.
Dengue in Times of Covid-19: A Pre and Post Pandemic Evaluation in East Delhi Population
Authors: Shah Anshdha , Sinha Swati , Jain Charu , Das Shukla , Nikita  , Singh N. P.
Published: July 2023

Background: Dengue is an endemic disease in tropical and sub-tropical regions across the globe with South-east Asian countries showing an increasing prevalence over the years.

Objective: To observe changes in the disease pattern of Dengue during pre and post pandemic periods.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed. The laboratory-based study retrieved data for the tests routinely performed for detection of Dengue infection and Covid-19 infection. The positivity rate was calculated for Dengue (2019-21) and for Covid (2020-21). The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on dengue incidence was studied.

Observations: It was observed that dengue infection peaked during the monsoon and post-monsoon period. The testing for dengue infection declined by 79.3% when the Covid-19 pandemic struck in 2020. The testing for dengue in 2021 showed an increase of 49.9% when compared to 2019 with a higher positivity rate of 36.4%.

Conclusion: In the wake of Covid-19 pandemic, as the healthcare system became focused on managing the emergency-like situation and routine diagnostic protocols thus, the control measures for vector borne diseases were disrupted. The surge of dengue cases in 2021 indicates that onset of Covid-19 created a smokescreen which gave rise to increased spread of dengue in the following year. Therefore, it is prudent to incorporate measures to ensure that the control and management of other diseases continues to run seamlessly even during emergence of future epidemics/pandemics.
Effect of Co-administration of Vitamin A and Artesunate in Malaria-Infected Albino Mice
Authors: L. O. Onyemeh , A. A. Freitas , Z. Olaide , A. C. Okoye , D. A. Faloye , J. N. Muoneke
Published: July 2023

Malaria is a potentially fatal illness that results from infection by parasitic protozoa, which spread to humans via the bites of mosquitoes that have already been infected with the parasite. This research examines the impact of the simultaneous administration of Vitamin A and Artesunate on Plasmodium berghei-infected albino mice. A cohort of sixteen (16) albino mice, with a mean weight of 28g and indeterminate gender, were subjected to P. berghei inoculation. The mice were separated into four groups, each consisting of four animals. Artesunate was administered to Group A, distilled water was administered to Group B, Group C received antioxidant treatment in the form of vitamin A, and Group D was subjected to a combination treatment of Artesunate and Vitamin A. The study monitored the parasitemia level, hematocrit (PVC), percentage mortality rate, and change in body weight following the administration of various treatments, including an antimalarial drug (Artesunate), distilled water, Vitamin A, and a combination therapy of both Artesunate and Vitamin A. The co-administration of vitamin A and Artesunate may decrease the effectiveness of Artesunate in treating malaria infection. The research illustrates the intricate relationship between Artesunate and antioxidant (vitamin A) in mice infected with malaria. The efficacy of Artesunate in clearing the parasite was demonstrated by the reduction of Parasitaemia levels from +2(++) on the 5th day to +3 (+++) on the 7th day, followed by a decrease to +2(++) on the 9th day, and ultimately to +1(+) Parasitaemia on the 10th day. The co-administration of Vitamin A and Artesunate resulted in a reduction of the latter's efficacy in treating malaria, particularly in cases where the parasitemia level was at +3(+++) on the 5th, seventh, and 11th days and +2(++) on the ninth day. This procedure suggests that Vitamin A acted as an antagonist to the antimalarial effects of Artesunate.

Furthermore, the mortality rate was 50%, and the PCV was reduced compared to Group A. Artesunate, a pro-oxidant that generates free oxygen radicals that act against the parasite. However, the presence of antioxidants like Vitamin A potentially counteracted the effects of pro-oxidants, indicating some form of pharmacological antagonism. The research findings indicate that the co-administration of vitamin A and Artesunate may reduce therapeutic effectiveness. Clinical interventions are recommended to be implemented to regulate the simultaneous administration of Artesunate and Vitamin A, as this may impact the therapeutic objective of malaria treatment.
Effect of Drought Stress on Leaf Productivity and Liquor Quality of Tea: A Review
Authors: Hasan Rashidul , Islam A. F. M. Saiful , Maleque Md. Abdul , Islam Md. Simon , Rahman Md. Masudur
Published: July 2023

Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) is a highly valued plant known for its refreshing taste, medicinal properties, and health benefits. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree belonging to the Theaceae family. The productivity and quality of tea leaves and liquor are strongly influenced by edaphic and environmental factors. However, the cultivation of tea faces significant challenges due to the increasing occurrence of drought associated with global warming and climate change. In this review, we have summarized the potential effects of drought on the growth, productivity, and liquor quality of tea. Drought exerts substantial impacts on the physiological, biochemical, and morphological features of tea plants. For instance, under drought stress, there is a reduction in leaf activity, including chlorophyll production, photosynthetic rate, and CO2 uptake. Drought periods also lead to decreased shoot initiation and extension rates. However, it is important to note that responses to drought can vary depending on factors such as tea variety, cultivar diversity, agricultural management practices, and study techniques. While drought-induced biochemical damage may occur, it is often reversible, and the plant can recover upon rehydration. Irrigation strategies employed during dry periods have been shown to have a significant positive effect on tea yields, making it a promising option for enhancing productivity in drought-prone regions. Furthermore, the cultivation of drought-tolerant tea cultivars, along with the application of micro and macro-nutrients, as well as hormone treatments, can contribute to improving the post-drought recovery process. Studying the influence of drought on tea productivity offers an opportunity for frontier research, aiming to understand the intricate relationship between tea leaf productivity and liquor quality. Additionally, investigating the factors that contribute to stress recovery in tea plants holds promise for enhancing cultivation practices and ensuring the sustainability of tea production in the face of changing climatic conditions.
Protracted Rohingya Crisis in Bangladesh: Are National and Regional Security at Stake?
Authors: Sarker Trapa
Published: July 2023

The study examines the stimulating impact on national and regional security issues, steaming from concurrent major Rohingya humanitarian crisis in Bangladesh. Being a resource scarce and moderate level GDP earning country, Bangladesh cannot accommodate this huge population of 1.3 Million for indefinite time. Therefore, this study aims to analyze whether any real threat is looming at national and regional level security of Bangladesh as well as for South Asia region from this crisis by using qualitative research approach. With the theoretical account of new “Non-Traditional Security” approach, this paper attempts to explore five areas of security concerns- military, political, economic, social, and environmental emanating from Rohingya refugee crisis at all three levels of local, national and regional security. The data collection methods used in conducting the research include in-depth interviews, KII, observation like primary data collecting techniques along with extensive content analysis of secondary data. Empirical data analysis implies that there is rising concern towards internal security of Bangladesh as it converting into a protracted one in nature with passing days. Similarly many South Asian countries which sheltered Rohingyas are also in view of South Asian region’s security is at stake from different aspects. No progress has been achieved yet even though Bangladesh is trying its best to resolve the problem, which is certainly endangering its own security measures. So, the study recommends among others that more holistic regional approach is indispensable in resolving this protracted refugee crisis as soon as possible.