bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuronet modeling in the implementation of the system for determining retinal damage of diabetic origin
Authors: Prochukhan Dmytro
Published: October 2023

In order to determine the stage of retinal damage of diabetic origin, machine learning mechanisms are applied. The use of the DenseNet convolutional neural network for high-quality image recognition and segmentation is substantiated. DenseNet-121, DenseNet-169 and DenseNet-201 networks have been modified by adding additional layers. Software mechanisms for image processing using Gaussian blurring, removal of black frames, and minimization of the influence of image position changes on recognition quality have been developed. The model was built and trained. High rates of recognition accuracy were obtained. For the DenseNet-201 network, an indicator of 97.9% was obtained, which exceeds the characteristics of the DenseNet-121 and DenseNet-169 networks. Figs.: 2. Tabl.: 1. Refs.: 13 titles.
New computer components for proximity assessment and recognition of double objects, which are encoded with symbols of the binary alphabet
Authors: Dmitrienko Valerii , Leonov Sergey , Mezentsev Mykola
Published: October 2023

Numerous binary measures of similarity and distance make it possible to effectively solve various tasks of recognition, classification, estimation of proximity of binary sequences, etc. Since the performance of the proposed systems largely depends on the choice of appropriate measures and distances, many researchers have spent considerable effort to find more efficient binary ratios for solving the mentioned tasks. Numerous binary relations, especially binary ones, have been proposed and investigated in various fields of science. However, it was not possible to determine one or a group of distances or similar measures effective in solving any tasks. In this regard, a number of new methods were proposed, based on the use of algorithms for learning, and on the external similarity of ratios that have different names of methods and proposed by different specialists, and the introduction of pre-processing of the initial data in order to determine the weighting factors when using them.  Il.: 2; Bibliogr.: 15 titles.
Applied software for modeling parameters of sensors based on quartz piezoelectric elements
Authors: Savchenko Volodymyr , Mnushka Oksana , Leonov Serhii
Published: October 2023

An applied scientific and technical problem of constructing software for studying the parameters of quartz piezoelectric elements with an interelectrode gap has been solved. An analytical review of the issues arising during parameter modeling, the main approaches to constructing scientific software using universal mathematical packages and narrowly specialized programs, have been conducted. The structure of software components has been developed using object-oriented design and programming principles. A subroutine library for calculating the physical parameters of quartz elements in the Python programming language has been developed. The software can be expanded by using additional refined mathematical models. Figs.: 3. Bibl.: 14 titles.
Two to Five-Year Outcomes of Total Ankle Arthroplasty with the Infinity Fixed-Bearing Implant
Authors: Townshend David , Bing Andrew , Blundell Chris , Clough Tim , Davenport James , Davies Howard , Davis James , Dhar Sunil , Hepple Steve , Kakwani Rajesh , Karski Mike , Makwana Nilesh , McKinley John , Murty Aradhyula , Raglan Martin , Shalaby Hisham , Sharpe Ian , Smith Robert , Taylor Heath , Goldberg Andrew
Published: October 2023

The fixed-bearing Infinity implant (Wright Medical Group) for total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) was introduced to the U.K. market in 2014 and has rapidly become the most commonly used TAA implant. This is a follow-up report of a multicenter, non-designer, prospective observational study of 503 Infinity fixed-bearing TAA implants. The average follow-up of patients in the current report was 44.9 months (range, 28.3 to 63.9 months). The primary aim was to assess survivorship, complications, and reoperations. Secondary aims were to assess radiographic outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the influence of patient factors at 2 years. Four hundred and sixty-nine implants were evaluated at 2-year follow-up. Fifteen patients died, 8 withdrew, and 3 were lost to follow-up. The 2-year survivorship was 98.8%, and the non-revision reoperation rate was 2.8%. There was a significant improvement across all functional outcome scores from baseline to 2 years. The early experience and small rate of adverse events reported in this study continue to support the use of the Infinity TAA implant for the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Impact of YouTube and Family on Religiusity Behavior and Pro-Social Behavior of Teenagers in The City of Sidoarjo
Authors: Rofiva Nadhifah Amaliah Putri , Rochmaniah Ainur
Published: October 2023

YouTube social media is one part of changes in technological advances that provide information openly to its users, so that it can indirectly have an impact, especially among teenagers. Given how YouTube's social media is very easy to access by various groups, this research aims to analysis the impact that the use of YouTube and family social media has on religious behavior and pro-social behavior of teenagers, especially in the city of Sidoarjo. This type of research is quantitative with 140 young respondents in Sidoarjo City, which was taken by random sampling technique.  The data obtained in this study were obtained from filling out and distributing questionnaires. The research was completed using multiple regression analysis with the SPSS Statistics application. The results of data processing show that the impact of YouTube and family social media on religious behavior in adolescents in Sidoarjo City has a correlation coefficient of 0.695 and a coefficient of determination of 0.483 at a significance of α (0.05). Meanwhile, the impact of social media YouTube and family on pro-social behavior in adolescents in Sidoarjo City has a correlation coefficient of 0.632 and a coefficient of determination of 0.399 at a significance of α (0.05). So it can be concluded that there is an impact of YouTube and family social media on religiosity and prosocial behavior in adolescents in Sidoarjo City.
A Novel Multifactor Type-2 Fuzzy Time Series Model based on Improved Fuzzy C-means Algorithm and Justifiable Granularity for Stock Index Forecasting
Authors: Gong Zengtai , Feng Jindong
Published: October 2023

Fuzzy time series (FTS) models have been widely used in prediction tasks due to their excellent ability to deal with uncertain and nonlinear problems. However, type-1 fuzzy set has limitations in dealing with uncertainty in some real-world problems, so an increasing number of intelligent systems adopt type-2 fuzzy set to better solve problems such as data noise and linguistic ambiguity. In this study, we propose a novel stock index forecasting model based on type-2 fuzzy set and a variable size interval partitioning technique. Firstly, constructing information granules with enhanced effectiveness and interpretability based on fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm and principle of justifiable granularity to partition the universe of discourse. The FCM algorithm in this model obtains the optimal clustering result by adopting interval type-2 fuzzy approach to adjust the fuzzy parameter m in FCM. Secondly, in order to improve forecasting performance, three observations of stock index are modeled as type-2 fuzzy set to obtain a group of refined first-order fuzzy relationships. To evaluate the performance of this model, we implement experiments using six benchmark datasets collected from Taiwan Stock Exchange Index (TAIEX), and calculate the corresponding root mean square error (RMSE) as the evaluation criteria. Compared with nine representative time series forecasting approaches, experimental results show that our model can not only guarantee the effectiveness and robustness but also obtain enhanced prediction performance.
“Stop, pause and take a break”: A mixed methods study of the longer- term outcomes of digital emotional wellbeing training for perinatal women
Authors: Davis Jacqueline , Ohan Jeneva L , Bear Natasha , Gibson Lisa , Silva Desiree , Prescott Susan , Finlay-Jones Amy
Published: October 2023

Background:
Maternal psychological distress is related to poorer physical and mental health as well as child developmental problems. Interventions that optimise maternal mental health and wellbeing during the “first 1,000 days” of life should have wide-reaching benefits for the mother and her child. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) during this critical period have the potential to equip women with enhanced coping strategies that can be applied and maintained in daily life. This study aimed to understand uptake of DMHIs in pregnancy, and the extent participants apply intervention strategies 10-12 months post-participation in a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing different digital programs.
Methods:
A mixed methods triangulation approach was undertaken. We explored demographic data and psychological distress measures in the intervention groups and a comparison group that were offered the intervention but did not participate or did not meet the inclusion criteria based on gestational age (n=525). Intervention participants (n=54) were invited to undertake an interview up to 12 months post-intervention to understand ongoing skills application. Fifteen interviews were undertaken using a phenomenological approach to analyse the data.
Results:
Baseline psychological distress results showed a significant difference between those who enrolled in the intervention, compared to those who did not, with higher psychological distress (combined), and stress and depression (sub-scale) scores for the intervention groups. Qualitative content analysis identified four main themes relating to long-term engagement: (1) Motivations to use skills; (2) Taking time for oneself; (3) Emotional support; and (4) Improving wellbeing (such as aids sleep and emotional impacts). Within each theme there were a number of sub-themes, including enablers or barriers to engagement.
Conclusions:
This study indicated that women who chose to enrol in DMHIs in pregnancy have greater psychological distress than those who chose not to participate. Many participants in this study continued to apply learnt skills in everyday life. This implies that digital strategies may be effective and applicable longer-term to enable women to apply positive coping skills in everyday life during critical child developmental periods. Ultimately, this will contribute to designing apps that sustain wellbeing and could be protective in preventing postnatal psychological distress.
Trial Registration:
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number (ACTRN12620000672954p); (12/06/2020)
http://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000672954p.aspx
Psychometric Validation of the Simplified Chinese Version of FACT-Hep for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory
Authors: Wan Chonghua , Chen Ying , Ma Wanrui , Meng Qiong , Li Gaofeng , Cun Yingli
Published: October 2023

Background: Quality of life (QOL) is now concerned worldwide in cancer clinical fields, with the specific scales for hepatocellular carcinoma patients in China being seldom and no formal validation of the Chinese Version of the FACT-Hep.
Objective: This study was aimed to validate the Chinese FACT-Hep based on Combinations of Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory.
Methods: 114 in-patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were measured three times before and after treatments using the FACT-Hep. The FACT-Hep was evaluated by indicators of Cronbach α, Pearson r, intra-class correlation (ICC), and standardized response mean. The Generalizability Theory was also applied to addresses the dependability of measurements deeply by estimation of multiple sources of variance.
Results: The Cronbach’s α coefficients were greater than 0.70 for all domains, and test-retest reliability coefficients were greater than 0.80 (exception of EWB 0.74) with the range of 0.81-0.96. The domains of PWB, FWB and the overall scale had significant changes after treatments with SRM ranging from 0.40 to 0.69. G-coefficients and Ф-coefficients confirmed the reliability of the scale further with exact variance components.
Conclusions: The Chinese version of FACT-Hep can be used to measure QOL for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in China with good psychometric properties.
Developing And Implementing A Quality Improvement Curriculum In A Large Internal Medicine Residency Program
Authors: Adhyaru Bhavin , Doyle Joyce , Bussey-Jones Jada , Jones Danielle , DiFrancesco Lorenzo , Fluker Shelly Ann , Gitomer Richard , Ilksoy Nurcan
Published: October 2023

Background: The delivery of chronic care is increasingly complex, and the need for physicians who are competent in system-based practice and quality improvement (QI) is evident. Organizations like the American Board of Internal Medicine and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education have included QI knowledge in their recertification and accreditation requirements
Objective: The goal of this curriculum is to give internal medicine residents a working knowledge of the Model for Improvement by carrying out a QI project over an academic year.
Methods: A longitudinal QI curriculum was developed, providing residents with QI skills. Each resident participated in interactive seminars as well as a faculty-mentored, team-based QI project. Success of the curriculum was measured by the formal evaluation of each improvement team’s end-of-the-year poster presentation.
Results: Between 2007 and 2016, the curriculum covered over 120 year-long team projects. A pre-survey included 51 PGY-1 residents (59% respondent rate) and a post-survey includes 50 PGY-2 and PGY-3 residents (46% respondent rate) used as part of evaluation demonstrated increased comfortability leading a QI project and overall knowledge of QI principles. We continue a modified version of the curriculum after 2016 as the residency program changed to a x+y model and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: Implementing a performance improvement curriculum based in a resident continuity clinic is feasible and affords several advantages. In applying QI methodologies, residents learn how to measure adherence with current evidence-based medicine guidelines and develop interventions to maintain positive momentum within the reality of busy clinical practice.
Coccidioides posadasii and SARS-CoV-2 Co-infection in the K18-hACE2 Transgenic Mouse Model
Authors: Kollath Daniel , Grill Francisca , Itogawa Ashley , Fabio-Braga Ana , Morales Matthew , Shepardson Kelly , Bryant Mitchell , Yi Jinhee , Ramsey Marieke , Luberto Emily , Celona Kimberly R. , Settles Erik W. , Lake Douglas , Keim Paul , Barker Bridget
Published: October 2023

Early reports showed that patients with COVID-19 who had a previous diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever, VF) who had cleared VF months and years prior had re-emergence of VF after COVID-19. However, total numbers of annual cases reported to CDC did not appear to rise dramatically. We therefore investigated serial infection of Coccidioides posadasii (C.p.) and variants of SARS-CoV2 in an K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse to assess the impact on disease outcomes. We intranasally challenged mice sequentially with sub-lethal doses of 100 plaque forming units (PFUs) per mouse of SARS-CoV-2 (variants WA-1, Delta, Omicron BA1) and 24 hours later with 100 arthroconidia per mouse of a low virulence Coccidioides posadasii strain 1038 and vice versa. Lungs, brain, and spleen were extracted and cultured to assess fungal burden and half of the lung was saved for histopathology. To assess pathogenesis, we repeated experiment but sacrificed a subset of mice on days 1, 3, 5, and 6 post-infections in order to assess viral/fungal burden in the lungs. Serum was collected at each time point to measure differences in systemic cytokine/chemokine responses. Experiments were conducted under IACUC protocol # 21-025 at Northern Arizona University. We examined differences in disease outcome between the co-infected groups and groups that only received a primary infection. Co-infected groups had a more severe disease progression as well as decreased survival. Interestingly, results differed depending on SARS-CoV-2 variant (WA-1, Delta, Omicron), infection timing (CoV2 first, C.p. second or vice versa). The groups that were infected with the virus first had decreased survival, increased morbidity (significant weight loss), and increased fungal and viral burdens. There were also differences in immune responses and number/size of spherules, the virus first groups had an increase in circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and larger more abundant spherules. This is the first in vivo investigation of a co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and Coccidioides to date. Because of the increased severity of disease, we contemplate the serious implications to the populations that live in areas of high fungal burden and how the SARS-CoV-2 virus can complicate disease progression.
DNMT1 regulates human erythropoiesis by modulating cell cycle and endoplasmic reticulum stress in a stage-specific manner
Authors: Wang Ting , Yang Qianqian , Chen Lixiang , Zhang Hengchao , Li Mengjia , Sun Lei , Wu Xiuyun , Zhao Huizhi , Qu Xiaoli , An Xiuli
Published: October 2023

The dynamic balance of DNA methylation and demethylation is required for erythropoiesis. Our previous transcriptomic analyses revealed that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is abundantly expressed in erythroid cells at all developmental stages. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of DNMT1 in human erythropoiesis remain unknown. Here we found that DNMT1 deficiency led to cell cycle arrest of erythroid progenitors which was partially rescued by treatment with a p21 inhibitor UC2288. Mechanically, this is due to decreased DNA methylation of p21 promoter, leading to upregulation of p21 expression. In contrast, DNMT1 deficiency led to increased apoptosis during terminal stage by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a p21 independent manner. ER stress was attributed to the upregulation of RPL15 expression due to the decreased DNA methylation at RPL15 promoter. The upregulated RPL15 expression subsequently caused a significant upregulation of core ribosomal proteins (RPs) and thus ultimately activated all branches of unfolded protein response (UPR)leading to the excessive ER stress, suggesting a role of DNMT1 in maintaining protein homeostasis during terminal erythroid differentiation. Furthermore, the increased apoptosis was significantly rescued by the treatment of ER stress inhibitor TUDCA. Our findings demonstrate the stage-specific role of DNMT1 in regulating human erythropoiesis and provide new insights into regulation of human erythropoiesis.
Gestational hypothyroxinemia causes autistic-like behaviors, increases proinflammatory traits, and alters glutamatergic protein expression in mouse adult offspring of both sexes.
Authors: González-Madrid Enrique , Rangel-Ramírez María Andreina , Opazo María C. , Méndez Luis , Bueno Susan M. , González Pablo A. , Kalergis Alexis M. , Riedel Claudia A.
Published: October 2023

Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased over the past three decades. In this regard, there is growing evidence suggesting that environmental factors during pregnancy may contribute as risk factors for ASD, potentially playing a role in this rising trend. Gestational hypothyroxinemia (HTX) is an asymptomatic and frequent thyroid condition characterized by low levels of thyroxine (T4) in blood, with normal range of T3 and TSH. When this condition occurs in early pregnancy it impairs fetal neurodevelopment and diminishes cognitive capacities in the offspring. Additionally, retrospective human studies have shown that gestational HTX is associated with autistic outcomes in the offspring, however, there is an absence of knowledge about the cellular and molecular autism-like traits in the offspring gestated under gestational HTX (HTX-offspring). In this work, autistic-like phenotypes were evaluated in HTX-offspring, using a mouse model of gestational HTX. Consistent with autism-like behaviors of mice models, HTX-offspring exhibited anxiety-related behavior and impaired social interaction skills. Similar to humans, these features were more pronounced in male HTXoffspring. At the molecular level, the expression of NLGN3 and HOMER1 was increased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of male HTX-offspring, compared to the offspring gestated under euthyroidism. Moreover, HTX-offspring showed increased proinflammatory cytokines in serum and an increased ratio of Th17 lymphocytes relative to T regulatory lymphocytes (Th17/Treg), as well as high neuroinflammatory-like traits in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which were also more pronounced in male HTX-offspring. Notably, by administering T4 to pregnant mice during the induction of HTX, the offspring was protected from developing the observed autism-like traits. These findings support that gestational HTX constitutes a significant risk factor for the development of autism-like phenotypes in the offspring and strongly emphasizes the importance of monitoring thyroid function in early pregnancy.
Electroacupuncture Ameliorate Juvenile Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Regulating M1 Macrophages and Pyroptosis Signaling Pathways
Authors: Khadour Fater , Khadour Younes A. , Ebrahem Bashar M , Liu Jiawei , Xu Tao
Published: October 2023

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) exerts significant effects in clinic, such as anti-inflammation, immune regulation, joint-related diseases, anti-cancer, etc. However, the mechanism by which EA protects juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is obscure. Thus, we explored the protective mechanisms in the juvenile collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model deeply and investigated the effect of EA against synovial inflammation and whether this effect depends on the regulation of macrophage polarization.Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (3–4 weeks) were used to establish the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. The CIA rats received EA treatment once a day from day 21 of modeling, with the treatment lasting for four weeks. The anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of EA were studied using arthritis score, Immunostaining, Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blotting (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The related pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA, qPCR, and WB. Western blotting was used to investigate the effect of EA on NLRP3, GSDMD, and Caspase-1 in the joint synovial tissues.Results: We found that EA inhibited joint inflammation, cartilage damage, and bone destruction in CIA rats. EA effectively alleviated the high expression of inflammatory cytokines in synovial tissue in vivo. EA treatment shifted macrophages from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and other proinflammatory cytokines released by M1 macrophages was decreased in the EA group. However, simultaneously, the expression of markers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, such as arginase (Arg)-1 and interleukin (IL)-10, was increased. In addition, EA treatment attenuated pyroptosis by downregulating the expression of NLRP3, GDSMD, and caspase-1, thereby preventing inflammatory cell death resulting from the release of IL-1β and IL-18.Conclusion: EA can effectively improve joints inflammation of juvenile collagen-induced arthritis rats by inhibiting M1 phenotype polarization and pyroptosis pathway in the joint synovial tissues.
The up-regulation of PAK2 indicates unfavorable prognosis in patients with serous epithelial ovarian cancer and contributes to paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
Authors: Shuang Ting , Wu Shiyun , Zhao Yifei , Yang Yanqi , Pei Meili
Published: October 2023

The main challenge in the treatment of ovarian cancer has been the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Previous studies have reported over-expression of PAK2 in various cancers through different mechanisms. The objective of this study was to investigate whether up-regulation of PAK2 contributes to chemo-resistance and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Bioinformatics analysis was initially employed and revealed a significant up-regulation of PAK2 in ovarian malignant tumors compared to adjacent tissues, particularly in patients with stage III-IV disease compared to those with stage I-II disease (P = 0.0056). High expression of PAK2 was associated with decreased OS, but not DFS, in ovarian cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive expression of PAK2 in chemo-resistant serous EOC tissues, predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, which correlated with poor OS and DFS. In vitro studies indicated that inhibition of PAK2 expression in A2780/Taxol cells resulted in reduced colony formation, increased apoptosis, and impaired cell migration. Finally, RNA Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation (RIP) Assay and luciferase reporter assays were employed which confirmed that lnc-SNHG1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by binding to miR-216b-5p and subsequently modulating the expression of PAK2. In conclusion, our study confirmed that PAK2 may serve as a predictive marker for chemo-resistance and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer and could potentially be targeted therapeutically to overcome chemo-resistance.
Genetics and Pathologic Landscape of Lineage Switch of Acute Leukemia during Therapy: A Multi-institutional Study
Authors: Hu Shimin , Zhou Ting , Curry Choladda , khanlari Mahsa , Shi Min , Cui Wei , Peker Deniz , Chen Weina , Wang Endi , Gao Juehua , Shen Qi , Xie Wei , King Rebecca , Ji Yuan , Wang Xiaoqiong , Zhao Chen , Obiorah Ifeyinwa , Courville Elizabeth , Nomura Eric , Cherian Sindhu , Xu Mina , Burack Richard , Takahashi Koichi , Wang Wei , Wang Sa , Khoury Joseph , Medeiros L.
Published: October 2023

The dismal outcome of acute leukemia undergoing immunophenotype-switch, compounded by the increased incidence in the era of immunotherapy, highlights the need for in-depth systemic studies. We investigated the clinicopathological, cytogenetic, and molecular features of 33 patients experiencing switch between acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The median duration from the primary diagnosis to lineage switch was 7.8 months, with the subsequent median survival being < 3 months. The majority experienced a transition from B-ALL to AML. The AML cases demonstrated a spectrum of differentiation, ranging from minimal to erythroid, with monocytic being the most common. Cytogenetic analysis revealed 11q23/KMT2A fusions as the most recurrent abnormalities (n = 18); also observed were complex karyotype, 7/7q-, 9p-/CDKN2A deletion, t(5;14)/TCLX3::BCL11b, t(8;9)/PCM1::JAK2, t(9;22)/BCR::ABL1, and t(12;19)/TCF3::ZNF384. Remarkably, in 60% of patients lacking KMT2A fusions, a chronic myeloid neoplasm was observed preceding the first leukemia. In contrast, no prior hematological malignancies were observed in KMT2A cases. Deep mutational profiling reinforced the inherent clonal relationship between the initial and subsequent leukemias, evident from the overlapping mutational signatures. The presence of distinct additional mutations across the two phases supports the long-standing theory of lineage switch emerging via divergent evolution of a multipotential progenitor.
On the Possibility of Rapid Changes in Ocean Circulation in the Atlantic Segment of the Global Circulation Conveyor: Model Experiment
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir V. , Gusev Anatoly V. , Diansky Nikolay A. , Sukhonos Pavel A.
Published: October 2023

In this model study, we address the feasibility of rapid shutdown or, at least, substantial weakening of the Global Circulation Conveyor (GCC) caused by massive discharge of freshwater to the northern North Atlantic (NA). The source of this freshwater excess is the permanently ice-covered Arctic Ocean (AO), while its release may be caused by ice melting and intensified river runoff due to global warming. To check up the validity of this hypothesis, we carried out the two idealized experiments with opposite atmospheric forcings over the AO: the so-called "cyclonic" one, which favors intensive water exchange between the AO deep interior and the Nordic Seas (NS), and "anticyclonic" one, which impedes this exchange. We chose the two actual years with extremal forcings (1989 as cyclonic one, and 2004 as anticyclonic one) and artificially applied these forcings during the 10-year period assuming that such a duration is at the margin of physical realism. Our major finding, within the limitations of numerical experiments on the OGCM (Ocean General Circulation Model) INMOM (Institute of Numerical Mathematics Ocean Model), shows that anomalously long preservation of "cyclonic" forcing over the AO is able to substantially rearrange salinity in the upper ocean layer. However, it may not trigger massive "instant" outflow of freshwater through the Fram and Denmark Straits, since a large portion of accumulated in the Beaufort Gyre freshwater spreads around the AO following the circulation without reaching the Fram Strait. However, the tendency of the upper ocean layer freshening in the northern NA due to flushing of freshwater from the AO is confirmed in consistency with the basic concept of the GCC hiatus.
Mortality and re-fracture rates in low trauma hip fracture
Authors: Mohseni Vahideh , Fahimfar Noushin , Ansarifar Akram , Masoumi Safdar , Sanjari Mahnaz , Khalagi Kazem , Bagherifard Abolfazl , Larijani Bagher , Janani Leila , Mansourzadeh Mohammad Javad , Ostovar Afshin , Solaymani-Dodaran Masoud
Published: October 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to estimate the incidence rate of re-fracture and all-cause mortality rate in patients with hip fractures caused by minor trauma in the first year following the event.
Materials and Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of patients over 50 years of age conducted in a referral hospital located in Tehran (Shafa-Yahyaian). Using the hospital information system (HIS), all patients hospitalized due to hip fractures caused by minor trauma during 2013–2019 were included in the study. We investigated the occurrence of death and re-fracture in all patients one year after the primary hip fracture.
Results
A total of 945 patients with hip fractures during a 307595 person-days of follow-up, were included. The mean age of the participants was 71 years (SD = 11.19), and 533 (59%) of them were women. One hundred forty-nine deaths were identified during the first year after hip fracture, resulting in a one-year mortality rate of 17.69% (95% CI: 15.06–20.77). The one-year mortality rate was 20.06% in men and 15.88% in women. Out of all the participants, 667 answered the phone call, of which 29 cases had experienced a re-fracture in the first year (incidence rate = 5.03%, 95% CI: 3.50–7.24). The incidence rates in women and men were 6.07% and 3.65%, respectively.
Conclusion
Patients with low-trauma hip fractures have shown a high rate of mortality in the first year. Considering the increase in the incidence of hip fractures with age, comprehensive strategies are needed to prevent fractures caused by minor trauma in the elderly population.
Catecholase Activity Assessment of In-Situ Copper Complexes Derived from a Novel Schiff Base Ligand
Authors: Belfilali I. , Roisnel T.
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of catecholase activity in a series of in-situ copper complexes derived from a novel Schiff base ligand, MBPM. The ligand MBPM and its complex [Cu(MBPM)] were successfully synthesized and characterized using various analytical techniques, including X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Subsequently, we investigated the catalytic activity of these complexes in the oxidation of catechol to o-quinone. The results revealed a remarkable difference in catecholase activity between the Schiff base ligand-derived complex, [Cu(MBPM)], and in-situ copper complexes. The [Cu(MBPM)] complex exhibited significantly higher catalytic activity, underscoring its potential as an efficient catalyst for catechol oxidation. This enhanced activity can be attributed to structural differences and the presence of multiple active sites within the [Cu(MBPM)] complex.
Machine learning aided investigation of dynamics of immiscible droplet impingement on liquid pools: A study across varying pool depths and droplet viscosities
Authors: Shahdhaar Mohammad Autif , Srivast Arpan , Srivast Atul
Published: October 2023

The interactions of an immiscible droplet impinging on liquid pools bear significant implications across a wide array of applications, as well as in natural phenomena. In this paper, the dynamics associated with an immiscible droplet impinging on a liquid pool/film of varying depths have been elucidated. The study encompasses the impact of silicone oil droplets of four different viscosities (1, 10, 100, and 1000 cSt) upon a water pool of three non-dimensional pool heights h* = 1, 2.5, and 5. The phenomenon of droplet impact at two Weber numbers (We = 50 and 100) is captured through high-speed videography. The dynamics of impingement, associated with the immiscible liquid combination, are delineated by employing Mask R-CNN machine learning (ML) model. ML model generated masks are used to ascertain the dynamics of various cavity parameter. Further insights into the phenomena have been developed through a detailed energy analysis carried out pre- and post-impact. The performance of ML model is compared with the manually annotated images, exhibiting impressive level of agreement. Results reveal that during the cavity formation phase, low viscosity droplets conform to the cavity shape during their descend into the pool. In contrast, high viscosity droplets maintain their shape during cavity formation, showing pinning at the oil-water interface. Energy analysis shows better energy transfer from droplet to the cavity for low viscosity droplets (> 90%), while less than 50% of the impact energy is transferred for higher viscosity droplets. This study is among the first to apply machine learning to this complex fluid phenomenon, offering insights into the physics and potential applications in multiphase flows.
An investigation of errors in ellipse-fitting for cold-atom interferometers
Authors: Ridley Kevin , Rodgers Anthony
Published: October 2023

Ellipse fitting is a technique which is used to extract differential phase in cold-atom interferometers, particularly in situations where common-mode noise needs to be suppressed. We use numerical simulation to investigate errors in the ellipse fitting process; specifically, errors due to the presence of additive noise, linear drift in ellipse offset and amplitude, as well as an error that can arise from fringe normalisation. Errors are found to manifest in two ways: bias in the ellipse phase measurement and incomplete suppression of common mode phase noise. We quantify these errors for three different ellipse fitting algorithms and discuss the applicability of these results to future cold atom sensors.
The investigation of the number and localization of the foramen nutricium on the clavicle and its relationship with other clavicular parameters
Authors: Yarar Burhan , Akbulut Yalçın , Karakaş Aslı Beril , Sunar Mukadder
Published: October 2023

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the location and number of foramen nutricium (FN) on the clavicle and other clavicular parameters. Methods This study was performed on 86 dry clavicles (46 left, 40 right). Morphometric measurements were measured with a digital caliper. Results The most of the bones had a single FN. There was no FN on 3 bones, and there were 4 FN on 2 bones. The right-left side differences in the sagittal and vertical thickness of the sternal end (STs and VTs, respectively), the distance of the FN to the sternal end and the posterior edge (DFS and DFpost, respectively) and the foraminal index (FI) were statistically significant. There was a positive correlation between some FN parameters and clavicular parameters. FN was mostly located in Type 2 and was mostly located in the inferior face. The bones without FN were longer and thicker. The vertical and sagittal thickness of the thinnest point of the clavicle was greater in bones with 4 FN. Conclusion It was observed that there was a relationship between the number and location of the FN and its morphometric features, and many clavicular parameters. Knowing the location of the FN on the clavicle is important for protecting the nutrient artery in orthopedic surgery applications.
Application of mapping and statistical study for the assessment of surface water quality in the Safsaf River (North-Eastern Algeria)
Authors: Fadila FEKRACHE , BOUDEFFA
Published: October 2023

The Skikda region, primarily industrial and agricultural, has experienced significant accelerated industrial and agricultural development over the past decade, resulting in abundant untreated discharges into the physical environment. Our study focused on the physicochemical analysis of the water of the Safsaf River in Skikda. It is based on monitoring three stations during the months of March and August. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of this water and characterize its suitability for agricultural use. To this end, we determined the values of the following physicochemical parameters: Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, turbidity, total alkalinity (TA), chlorides (Cl-), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), nitrite (NO2-), ammonium (NH4+), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), and phosphates (PO4-3). The results show that electrical conductivity, sodium, potassium, and chlorides increase downstream of the watershed due to seawater intrusion into the plain. As for the origins of phosphate pollution, whose concentrations have significantly increased along the river, we can explain it by pollution generated by the use of phosphate fertilizers and return irrigation water into surface waters, as well as pollution due to direct input of domestic wastewater.
Molecular Signatures of Cervical Cancer Risk in the Context of HIV Infection: Potential biomarkers of immune activation
Authors: Okoye Jude Ogechukwu
Published: October 2023

The disparity in cervical cancer incidence and mortality between high-income and low-income countries, exacerbated by the co-occurrence of HIV infection and cervical cancer, presents a complex and distinctive healthcare challenge. Addressing this challenge necessitates a comprehensive investigation into intricate molecular markers for predicting heightened cancer risk. This study assessed the cellular levels of cervical cancer-related specific oncomirs (miR-21, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-182, and miR-200c) and tumour suppressors (miR-let-7b, miR-125b, miR-143, miR-145, and p53) among women living with HIV (HIV+) and those without HIV (HIV-).
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from May 2017 to April 2019 in Abeokuta, Nigeria, and involved two groups: HIV+ (n = 103) and HIV- women (n = 70).
Results: The study revealed significantly higher levels of miR-155 and p53 in HIV+ women compared to their HIV- counterparts (p = 0.046 and 0.033, respectively). Conversely, significantly lower levels of miR-182, miR-200c, and miR-125b were observed in HIV+ women compared to their HIV- counterparts (p= 0.035, 0.045 and 0.004, respectively). Notably, a significant positive correlation was observed between miR-155 and miR-145 in both HIV+ and HIV- women (p < 0.05). Among HIV- women, direct relationships were also observed between miR-155 and miR-125b (p= 0.004), miR-200c and miR-125b (p= 0.033), and miR-200c and p53 (p= 0.003).
Conclusion: This study indicates that HIV upregulates p53 and miR-155, and downregulates miR-125b, miR-182, and miR-200c. This suggests that the upregulation of the tri-miRNA and downregulation of miR-155 through targeted therapy could mitigate HIV-associated immune activation thereby forestalling cervical cancer development.
Investigation secrète et nemo tenetur : l'exercice (trop?) sensible de la récolte d'aveux
Authors: Gauderon Ryan
Published: October 2023

L'investigation secrète (art. 285a ss CPP) peut être mise en œuvre également contre une personne physique pour la poursuite d'une infraction grave. Lorsque l'agent infiltré intervient en vue d'obtenir des aveux du prévenu, le droit de ne pas s'auto-incriminer de ce dernier réduit considérablement l'étendue de l'intervention. En cas de provocation d'aveux, se pose la question des conséquences sur les déclarations ainsi obtenues. Le Tribunal fédéral a répondu à cette question dans l'ATF 148 IV 205, mais sans traiter les cas moins évidents que celui dont il a été amené à juger. La présente contribution revient sur cet arrêt de principe pour identifier les solutions qui pourraient être appliquées en cas de légère provocation, notamment sous l'angle de l'art. 293 al. 4 CPP.

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Die verdeckte Ermittlung (Art. 285a ff. StPO) kann auch gegen eine einzelne Person zur Verfolgung schwerer Straftaten eingesetzt werden. Wenn der verdeckte Ermittler tätig wird, um ein Geständnis des Beschuldigten zu erwirken, schränkt dessen Recht, sich nicht selbst belasten zu müssen, den Umfang der Ermittlung erheblich ein. Wird auf diese Weise ein Geständnis provoziert, stellt sich die Frage nach dessen Verwertbarkeit. Das Bundesgericht hat sich damit in BGE 148 IV 205 beschäftigt, allerdings ohne Regeln für weniger eindeutige Fälle aufzustellen. Dieser Beitrag greift dieses Grundsatzurteil auf und zeigt insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung von Art. 293 Abs. 4 StPO Lösungen auf, die im Falle leichter Geständnis-Provokationen angewandt werden könnten.
Social Thought of Russia in the 18th Century: Notes on Research Methodology
Authors: Занин С.В.
Published: October 2023

Рассмотрен ряд подходов к изучению общественной мысли в России времени Петра Великого и Екатерины II, развитые в современной историографии, указаны ряд источников, прежде всего переводы сочинений европейских неостоиков (Слейдан, Липсий), сочинения Екатерины II, Н.И. Панина и Д.А. Голицына, прежде не привлекавших внимания отечественных исследователей. Установлено, что в эпоху Петра Великого русская общественная мысль находилась под влиянием гетерогенных по своему характеру политических концепций Западной Европы, что создавало возможности для различных интерпретаций учений неостоиков, Пуфендорфа и о «государственном интересе». Автор статьи подчеркивает необходимость анализа переводов сочинений западноевропейских политических писателей на русский язык с точки зрения смысловой целостности перевода, дополняя его встречным изучением на современном уровне содержащихся в них концепций. На примерах собственных исследований автор показал особенности построения политического дискурса в ряде сочинений эпохи Екатерины II, указав на плодотворность изучения дискурсивных практик, создававшихся в России, в рамках которых термины, в том числе заимствованные из чужого языка или переведенные с него, получали статус понятий.

Several approaches in the current historiography to studying the social thinking in Russia of the times of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great have been observed, the series of resources have been mentioned, most notably, the translations of the works of neo-stoic authors (Sleidanus, Lipsius), the works of Catherine the Great, N.I. Panin and D.A. Gallitzin, formerly not received Russian scholars' attention. It is deemed that in the times of Peter the Great Russian social thinking was under the influence of the heterogeneous in conception West European political base, that provided an avenue for different interpretations of the works of neo-stoic authors and Samuel von Pufendorf and about "the state interest". The author of this paper highlights the necessity of the analysis of the translations of the West European political works into Russian in the context of semantic continuity of those translations, alongside with the research of the concepts contained then and at the present times. The author has presented the peculiarities of building the discourse in several papers of the times of Catherine the Great evidenced from his own researches, drawing attention to fruitful researches of the discourse practices done in Russia, within those the terms, translated or adopted from other languages, became the concepts.
Rector's Corps of Russian Imperial Universities: Between Government and Corporation
Authors: Грибовский М.В.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена ректорскому корпусу университетов России конца XIX – начала XX в. В исследовательское поле попали 75 человек, замещавших в 1884–1917 гг. должность ректора в десяти университетах Российской империи. Композиционно исследование состоит из трёх связанных друг с другом аспектов: собирательного социального портрета университетского ректора; особенностей карьерных траекторий руководителей университетов; и проблем ректорского корпуса в контексте государственной образовательной политики и текущей политической конъюнктуры революционной эпохи. В статье уделяется внимание, как общероссийским чертам и закономерностям эволюции фигуры ректора, так и локальным особенностям; предлагается выделение четырёх групп университетов, применительно к изучаемой проблеме. Исследование выполнено с опорой на списки чиновников по ведомству министерства народного просвещения, биографические словари, архивные источники, отложившиеся в фондах Центрального государственного архива города Москвы, Государственного архива Саратовской области, Центрального государственного исторического архива Украины, Государственного архива в Варшаве.

The article is devoted to the rectors' corps of Russian universities in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The research field included 75 people who in 1884–1917 served as rector at ten universities in the Russian Empire. Compositionally, the study consists of three related aspects: collective social portrait of a university rector; features of career trajectories of university leaders; and problems of the rectory corps in the context of the state educational policy and the current political situation of the revolutionary era. The article pays attention to both the all-Russian features and patterns of evolution of the figure of the rector, and local features, it is proposed to distinguish four groups of universities. The study was carried out based on the lists of officials under the department of the Ministry of Public Education, biographical dictionaries, archival sources deposited in the funds of the Central State Archive of Moscow, the State Archive of the Saratov Region, the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine, the State Archive in Warsaw.
The Society of the Freedom Fighters Commemoration House Museum in Petrograd (1917–1919)
Authors: Шемякина О.В.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена истории Общества Дома-музея памяти борцов за свободу, существовавшего в Петрограде в 1917‒1919 гг. Организация занималась сбором материалов по истории революционного движения и революции 1917 г. с целью создания Дома-музея, который задумывался как способ трансляции в массы революционной культуры, сложившейся в среде российской интеллигенции за предшествующие десятилетия. В статье рассмотрены цели создания Общества, его персональный состав, деятельность, связи с другими организациями, причины ликвидации.

The article examines the history of the Society of the Freedom Fighters Commemoration House Museum, which existed in Petrograd in 1917‒1919. The organization collected various materials on the history of the revolutionary movement and the revolution of 1917 in order to create a Museum, conceived as a way to broadcast to the masses the revolutionary culture that had developed among the Russian intelligentsia over the previous decades. The article discusses the goals of the Society, its personnel, activities, relations with other organizations, and the reasons for its liquidation.