bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing The Anthropometric Measurements of Intra-Extra Uterine Period between Stunting and Non-stunting Children Aged 6-24 Months Old in Bogor Tengah Subdistrict, Bogor City, West Java
Authors: Lada Christina olly , Batubara Jose Rizal , Bardosono Saptawati , Irawati Anies , Salimar Salimar
Published: August 2019

Introduction: The prevalence of stunting in children under two years old is high in developing country. Stunting in the early of life has many negative health consequences in later life, while the positive view is stunting could be prevent earlier by detecting a predisposing factors in intrauterine and extrauterine periode. Anthropometry of intrauterine predisposing factors (IntraPF) and Extrauterine predisposing factors (ExtraPF) could detect growth retardation. These study aim was to prove that there were significant different of IntraPF and ExtraPF between stunting and non stunting children aged 6-24 months.Methods: This comparative cross sectional study was nested to (Bogor longitudinal study on child growth and development (BLSCGD) held by National Health Research and Development (NHRD), Health Ministry of Indonesia. Subjects who defined as stunting if their height for age was more than two standard deviations below the WHO Child Growth standards median. There were 38 stunting and 46 non-stunting aged 6-24 months who met the study criteria. Independent variable was (1)IntraPF follow as maternal height, weight and length of neonatal, (2)ExtraPF: weight gain and body length gain at first six months of neonatal. Primary and secondary data collection was carried out from July 2017 to Februari 2018, held at the BLSCGD. All of body measurement using WHO standard.  Appropriate statistical analysis was used to compare the stunting and non-stunting groups with a significance limit of p <0.05.Results: Statistical analysis tests showed that: significantly different and lower IntraPF in the stunting group was maternal height, birth weight and length of the subjects compare to non-stunting and there were significant different and lower of ExtraPF follow as weight gain in the first six months, average weight gain per month in the first six months, increase in body length in the first six months, average increase in body length every month in the first six monthssignificantly lower in stunting children compare to non stunting children.Conclusion: The antropometric of intrauterine, extrauterine predisposing factors have been showed to have an impact on the child's height. It is important to monitor the anthropometry of the mother before pregnancy and provide nutritional interventions in the first 1000 days
Correlation between Hair Zinc Level and Cognitive Function in Elderly
Authors: Mutiara Dian Sarah , Sunardi Diana , Dewiasty Esthika
Published: August 2019

Background and Objectives : Neurodegenerative disease is the most problem in elderly. Amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation is the major cause of cognitive impairment. Zinc has an important role in antioxidant and Aβ accumulation process. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between hair zinc level and cognitive function in elderly.Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted involving 58 subjects of elderly in Jakarta. Subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling. Hair zinc level was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICPS) and cognitive function assessed by abbreviated mental test (AMT). Data analysis was done by spearman rank correlation test[DN1]  and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results : The mean of age was 65.4 ± 4.4 years old and 56.9% of subjects were female. The mean of hair zinc level was 123.23 ± 69.71 µg/gram hair and 32.8% subjects had hair zinc deficiency. There was 91.4% subjects had normal cognitive function. The study showed no correlation between hair zinc level and cognitive function in elderly (p=0.871 ; r=-0.022).Conclusion : There was no correlation between hair zinc level and cognitive function in elderly. Further research is expected to be performed with different level of cognitive function.
Highly Tunable Molecularly Doped Flexible Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Foam Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters
Authors: Petroff Christopher , Bina Thomas , Hutchison Geoffrey
Published: August 2019

Despite considerable research interest in developing piezoelectric materials, little work has focused on the fundamental design of these materials from the ground up. Herein, we present a general, versatile method for producing tunable, flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) with excellent piezoelectric response. Using a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) foam derived from a sugar template, we separate the electrical and mechanical properties of the PEH, thereby allowing us to optimize them separately. The electrical properties were tuned by varying the poling field, the polar dopant, and the dopant concentration. The mechanical properties were tuned by varying foam preparation and thus the compressive modulus. Through the careful tuning of these properties, we are able to achieve a maximum piezoelectric response of 153 pC/N—considerably higher than most other reported flexible PEHs. Combined with our previous work, we demonstrate that doping polymer foams with polar dopants is a highly general strategy and has the potential to lead to materials with considerably higher piezoelectric responses.
One-Dimensional TiO2@GaON Core-Shell Nanowires with Controlled Shell Thickness from Atomic Layer Deposition for Stable and Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Tao Jiajia , Ma Hong-Ping , Yuan Kaiping , Gu Yang , Lian Jianwei , Li Xiao-Xi , Huang Wei , Nolan Michael , lu hongliang , zhang david wei
Published: August 2019

As a promising oxygen evolution reaction semiconductor, TiO2 has been extensively investigated for solar photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here, a highly efficient and stable strategy for rationally preparing GaON cocatalysts on TiO2 by atomic layer deposition is demonstrated, which we show significantly enhances thephotoelectrochemical performance compared to TiO2-based photoanodes. For TiO2@20 nm-GaON core-shell nanowires a photocurrent density up to 1.10 mA cm-2 (1.23 V vs RHE) under AM 1.5 G irradiation (100 mW cm-2) has been achieved, which is 14 times higher than that of TiO2 NWs. Furthermore, the oxygen vacancy formation on GaON as well as the band gap matching with TiO2 not only provides more active sites for water oxidation but also enhances light absorption to promote interfacial charge separation and migration. Density functional theory studies of model systems of GaON-modified TiO2 confirm the band gap reduction, high reducibility and ability to activate water. The highly efficient and stable systems of TiO2@GaON core-shell nanowires provide a deeper understanding and universal strategy for enhancing photoelectrochemical performance of photoanodes now available.
Modeling Physico-Chemical ADMET Endpoints With Multitask Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Montanari Floriane , Kuhnke Lara , ter Laak Antonius , Clevert Djork-Arné
Published: August 2019

Simple physico-chemical properties like logD, solubility or serum albumin binding have a direct impact on the likelihood of success of compounds in clinical trials. Here, we collected all the Bayer in house data related to these properties and applied machine learning techniques to predict them for new compounds. We report that, for the endpoints studied here, a multitask graph convolutional network appears a highly competitive choice. The new model shows increased predictive performance on all endpoints compared to previous modeling methods.
BrtB Is a Novel O-Alkylating Enzyme That Generates Fatty Acid-Bartoloside Esters
Authors: Reis João P. A. , Figueiredo Sandra A. C. , Leao Pedro
Published: August 2019

Esterification reactions are central to many aspects of industrial and biological chemistry. The formation of carboxyesters typically occurs through nucleophilic attack of an alcohol onto the carboxylate carbon. Under certain conditions employed in organic synthesis, the carboxylate nucleophile can be alkylated to generate esters from alkyl halides, but this reaction has only been observed transiently in enzymatic chemistry. Here, we report a new carboxylate alkylating enzyme – BrtB – that catalyzes O-C bond formation between free fatty acids and the secondary alkyl halide moieties found in the bartolosides. Guided by this novel reactivity, we uncovered a variety of natural fatty acid-bartoloside esters, the likely end-products of bartoloside biosynthetic gene clusters.
1,1’-Biaceanthrylene and 2,2'-Biaceanthrylene: Models for Linking Larger Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Five-Membered Rings
Authors: Du Yachu , Plunkett Kyle
Published: August 2019

We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) chromophores that are linked between two five-membered rings can access planarized structures with reduced optical gaps and redox potentials. Two aceanthrylene chromophores were connected into dimer model systems with the chromophores either projected outward (2,2’-biaceanthrylene) or inward (1,1’-biaceanthrylene) and the optical and electronic properties were compared. Only the planar 2,2’-biaceanthrylene system showed significant reductions of the optical gaps (1 eV) and redox potentials in relation to the aceanthrylene monomer.
Construindo uma nação
Authors: Sena Ernesto
Published: August 2019

Esse artigo analisa alguns aspectos da construção do império brasileiro, notadamente as políticas governamentais em Mato Grosso, as quais os dirigentes imperiais consideravam contingenciais para a formação de uma nação civilizada. Dessa maneira, esse artigo aborda a questão da pluralidade de culturas na conformação dessa mesma nação que deveria ter seus habitantes perfilhados, em que os diversos habitantes da circunscrição territorial do império deveriam ser considerados participantes de uma mesma comunidade
Entre o discurso e a prática
Authors: Dominguez Rodrigo
Published: August 2019

Neste texto, analisaremos alguns aspectos que dizem respeito a uma relação complexa e, sob certo ponto de vista, caracterizada pela tentativa de adaptação das atividadesque envolviam as ocupações dos mercadores e dos homens de negócios – e daqueles que, por alguma razão, não podiam desempenhar esta ocupação mas ainda assim o faziam –, assim como da economia em geral às normas impostas por uma Igreja Católica rígida e que necessita combater determinadas práticas para manter a sua coerência perante os seus fiéis. Estas relações serão de extrema importância para a economia européia e, no caso deste texto, para a economia portuguesa no transcorrer do processo de transição da Idade Média para a Idade Moderna.
Cartago
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva José Guilherme
Published: August 2019

A arqueologia de Cartago é uma fonte importante de informações para o estudo da história da antiga cidade africana. Os traços materiais descobertos nas últimas décadas, emCartago e outros sítios semitas do ocidente mediterrânico, permitem a reconstrução do desenvolvimento da cidade, econômico, social, cultural e político, desde sua fundação até adestruição, em 146 a.C. A partir dos dados arqueológicos e de algumas referências históricas, examinamos, pela perspectiva das representações sociais e dos processos de fixação de identidade étnica, a hegemonia cartaginesa sobre as demais comunidades semitas do Mediterrâneo Ocidental e a produção de alteridades, por parte de gregos e, principalmente, romanos, em relação aos cartagineses. Por fim, duas hipóteses, não exclusivas, são aventadas para a destruição de Cartago pelos romanos.
Humanismo cosmopolita
Authors: Rosa Johnny
Published: August 2019

Humanismo cosmopolita: esboço de uma ideia de humanidade como princípio regulador do cosmopolitismo Europeu
Fotografia e Integração
Authors: Borges Paulo Humberto Porto , Borges Liliam Faria Porto
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a fotografia como documento histórico a partir das imagens elaboradas pelo Serviço de Proteção ao Índio em pleno Estado Novo de Getulio Vargas. O trabalho busca demonstrar o importante papel do trabalho e a educação escolar como formas privilegiadas de integrar o indígena a economia nacional por meio das representações imagéticas realizadas pelo fotógrafo do SPI Heinz Foerthmann em meados de 1943. Estas imagens – a luz de seu contexto sócio-histórico – se transformam em dados fundamentais para a discussão sobre o papel integrador dos agentes do SPI. As imagens analisadas neste trabalho são oriundas de um ensaio fotográfico do documentalista alemão Heinz Foerthmann realizado em 1943 nas comunidades indígenas de Icatú e Nimuendaju, interior de São Paulo. Neste período o órgão oficial indigenista organizou várias exposições em todo Brasil, com o sentido de demonstrar a população brasileira os avanços da civilização junto aos povos indígenas. Estas imagens enquanto documentos históricos de sua época, são mais do que simples registros, mas, nos permitem desvelar as políticas de assimilação do Estado brasileiro em relação aos seus povos originais.
"As semanas de anos para expiação do Templo Judaico” e o “chifre que proferia blasfêmias”:
Authors: Silva Diego Lopes da
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo trata da apropriação cristã feita pelo complexo mítico das quatro idades do mundo. O livro de Daniel (Dn) propõe a divisão da história em quatro grandes reinos, o babilônico, medo, persa e o grego, entretanto os cristãos apropriam deste mito e inserem Roma como última das monarquias mundiais, a fim de mostrar a perversidade e atrocidade deste império que seria a representação do caos e da destruição. Alguns autores cristãos contemporâneos ao império romano como Jerônimo defendem Roma como última das monarquias mundiais a fim de mostrar a proximidade da parousia e justificar que a perseguição sofrida pelos cristãos nos primeiros séculos de sua existência seriam a evidência do governo romano como a personificação da malignidade e perversidade humana. Sendo assim, retrato neste artigo como os cristão se apropriaram do livro de Dn, principalmente de Dn 2 e 7 escrito num outro contexto sociocultural para lançar a expectativa de um retorno messiânico triunfal e inserir Roma como a monarquia mais terrível e temível de todas, a representação do Anticristo.
A Cytotoxic Activity of Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita Linn.) Leaves Extracts Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test
Authors: Solihah Indah , Herlina Herlina , Rasyid Riana Sari Puspita , Suciati Tri , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: August 2019

Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita Linn.) leaves had been known contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. At Komering, South Sumatera tribe, tahongai leaves had been known to treat tumor, cancer, polyps, acne, and dysmenorrhea. The study of cytotoxic activity of tahongai bark and stem were done. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of tahongai leaves extracts using BSLT method. Tahongai leaves were extracted using gradual maceration with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 96%. Each extract was tested cytotoxic activity towards Artemia salina L. larvae. The yield of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts are 2,686%, 7,033%, and 7,933% respectively. Ethanol extract of tahongai leaves had the best cytotoxic activity with lethality value 76,667% at 500ppm. Statistical analysis with two way ANOVA showed extract and concentration had a significant (p<0,05) effect on larvae lethality percentage.
Effect of People, Process and Physical Evidence on Satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims Visiting Pakistan: Moderating Role of Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism
Authors: Khan Asia Umar , Zaman Gohar , Baloch Qadar Bakhsh
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The present study was intended to find out the impact of three important components of marketing mix for tourism i.e. People, Process and Physical Evidence on Satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims visiting Pakistan and the moderating role of Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism in the relationship between the aforementioned independent variables and Pilgrims Satisfaction.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The present research is based on the philosophy of positivism and it is descriptive and deductive in approach. Data was collected from a sample of 357 Sikh Pilgrims. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to test the hypothesized effect of People, Process and Physical Evidence on satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims and the moderating effect of Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism.

Findings: Findings of the study showed that Physical Evidence and People have a significant positive effect whereas Process has a significant negative effect on satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims. Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism was found to have an insignificant moderating effect on the relationship of Process, People and Physical Evidence with Satisfaction.

Implications/Originality/Value: The study might help uplift the tourism sector of Pakistan and enhance the relationship between people of different religions of the region.
Шляхи вдосконалення діяльності системи спортивного арбітражу та третейських судів у спорті
Authors: Sannikova Marina
Published: August 2019

Актуальність теми дослідження. Сучасний спорт належить до розважального шоу-бізнесу. У його основу покладено комерційні інтереси. Однак він не може існувати без тісного зв’язку з політичною, економічною й соціальною системами суспільства. Він також не може існувати й поза загальною національною правовою системою. У зв’язку з цим актуалізується значущість наукових досліджень міжнародного спортивного арбітражу з погляду системного підходу. Мета дослідження – вивчення та аналіз системи міжнародного спортивного арбітражу як основного інституту вирішення конфліктів, пов’язаних зі спортом, для формування в Україні сучасного Спортивного арбітражного суду. Методи дослідження – аналіз та узагальнення літературних джерел; аналіз документальних матеріалів; метод історизму; метод аналогії досліджуваних закономірностей; системний аналіз. Результати дослідження. Визначено й обґрунтовано правову основу функціонування міжнародного спортивного арбітражу, зокрема досліджено особливості, основні функції міжнародного спортивного арбітражного процесу та нормативно- правові документи, що регламентують діяльність суду. Представлено шляхи подальшого реформування й удосконалення діяльності Міжнародного спортивного арбітражного суду. Висновки. З’ясовано найбільш характерні недоліки наявної системи організації правової діяльності у спорті. Установлено основну причину невирішеності наявних труднощів в управлінні галуззю спорту вищих досягнень. Виявлено необхідність звернення до загальної теорії систем, що самоорганізуються. Запропонований підхід дасть змогу створити більш ефективну правову основу організації системи управління діяльністю арбітражних і третейських судів у спорті.
Оцінка рівня фізичного здоров’я молоді з різним соматотипом за здатністю адаптуватися до фізичних навантажень
Authors: Nesterova Svitlana , Sulyma Alla , Boyko Maryna
Published: August 2019

Актуальність. Актуальність цієї роботи зумовлена необхідністю  контролю рівня фізичного здоров’я молоді,  що надасть можливість для оцінки потенційного рівня здоров’я на подальший період життя. Зі свого боку, інтегральним показником  резервних  можливостей організму виступає  показник максимального споживання кисню. З огляду на те, що людям притаманна велика розбіжність морфологічних та фізіологічних ознак, пов’язаних із типом конституції, суттєву роль у визначенні рівня фізичного  здоров’я  відіграють  соматотипологічні  особливості. Завдання роботи – виявити статеві особливості рівня фізичного здоров’я молоді 18–20 років із різним соматотипом за показником максимального споживання кисню. Методи дослідження – установлення соматотипологічної при- належності проводили за методикою Хіт-Картера. Для визначення рівня максимального споживання кисню застосо- вували велоергометрію (В. Л. Карпман зі співав.), а рівень фізичного здоров’я оцінювали за критеріями Я. П. Пяр- ната та Г. Л. Апанасенка. Результати. У дослідженні брали участь студенти віком 18–20 років (усього – 194 особи). За результатами соматотипування досліджуваних розподілено  на  відповідні  соматотипологічні  групи: збалансований, ендоморфний, ектоморфний, ендоморфно-мезоморфний і мезоморфний. У дівчат виділено чотири соматотипологічні групи, оскільки були відсутні представниці мезоморфного соматотипу,  оскільки  перевага м’язового компонента тіла для дівчат не є характерною й може траплятися переважно в спортсменок. Оцінка рівня аеробної   продуктивності  за  критеріями  Я.  П.  Пярната  засвідчила,  що  в  дівчат  рівень  аеробної   продуктивності «відмінний», а в юнаків – «посередній», незалежно від соматотипу. Зі свого боку, за оцінним критерієм Г. Л. Апа- насенка як у дівчат, так і в юнаків величина показника максимального споживання кисню перевищує «безпечний рівень здоров’я». Висновки. Отримані результати показали, що рівень фізичного здоров’я в дівчат «відмінний», а в юнаків – «посередній». Зі свого боку, як у юнаків, так і в дівчат рівень максимального споживання кисню  перевищує «безпечний рівень здоров’я» в усіх соматотипологічних групах.
Рухова активність у структурі мотиваційно-ціннісних орієнтацій підлітків
Authors: Tsyupak Yuriy , Tsyupak Tatyana , Tsyupak Yuriy , Shwai Alexander , Vaskan Ivan , Gnitetsky Leonid
Published: August 2019

Актуальність. Важливий і невід’ємний чинник здорового способу життя школярів – належний рівень рухової активності. Результати наукових досліджень засвідчують, що в підлітків які навчаються в закладах загальної середньої освіти, спостерігаємо зниження рухової активності. Це зумовлює створення здоров’язберігального освітнього середовища й розробки мотиваційних засобів залучення учнів до систематичних занять фізичними вправами. Мета дослідження – визначення  рівня сформованості мотиваційно-ціннісних орієнтацій до рухової активності в підлітків. Матеріал і методи дослід- ження. У досліджені взяли участь підлітки загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів №№ 9, 11, 26. м. Луцька. Для визначення рівня стану сформованості мотиваційно-ціннісних орієнтацій до рухової активності, нами проведено анкетування. Анкета включала комплекс запитань, за допомогою яких можна визначити рівень інтересу до уроку з фізичної культури, мотиви до занять фізичними вправами та ставлення підлітків до форм фізичної активності. Результати дослідження. Результати дослідження засвідчили, що рівень інтересу до фізичного виховання й спорту в підлітків невисокий. Лише 9,8–19,5 % дівчат і 23,2–31,7 % хлопців мають високий рівень інтересу до рухової активності. Із віком у школярів простежуємо тенденцію до зниження інтересу до систематичних занять фізичними вправами. Водночас аналіз результатів анкетування виявив такі основні мотиви занять фізичною культурою для підлітків: можливість поліпшити стан здоров’я, мати гарну будову тіла, підвищити  фізичну  підготовленість, оволодіти технікою фізичних вправ й отримати добрі оцінки. І водночас дані анкетування демонструють,  що 3–4  рази на тиждень виконують фізичні вправи лише 14,6–22,3 % дівчат і 17,3–31,2 % хлопців. Більшість учнів  обмежують свою рухову активність лише обов’язковими уроками фізичної культури та, судячи з відповідей респондентів, вільний час заповнюють діяльністю, яка не має нічого спільного з активним дозвіллям і руховою активністю.
Вплив занять плаванням із застосуванням елементів аквафітнесу й інтервального гіпоксичного тренування на функцію зовнішнього дихання дівчат 11–12 років
Authors: Holovkina Viktoriya , Furman Yuriy
Published: August 2019

Актуальність. Складовою частиною фізичної підготовки юних плавців є  застосування  в  тренувальних заняттях вправ, які сприяють покращенню силових здібностей.  Однак  зловживання вправами силового спрямування в залі сухого плавання може негативно вплинути на функціональний стан кардіореспіраторної  системи  юних  плавців. Тому вдосконалення майстерності юних плавців повинно відбуватися за умов комплексного підходу до процесу вдосконалення фізичної підготовленості та з урахуванням вікових функціональних  можливостей спортсменів. У статті подано результати дослідження об’ємних і швидкісних показників функції  зовнішнього  дихання дівчат-плавчинь 11–12 років. Мета роботи. Науково обґрунтувати  доцільність  комплексного застосування в тренувальному процесі плавчинь 11–12 років методу інтервального гіпоксичного тренування й елементів аквафітнесу шляхом дослідження динаміки показників функції зовнішнього дихання. Методи дослідження. Обстежено 62 спортсменки віком 11–12 років, спортивний стаж яких становив 2–3 роки. Дослідження функції зовнішнього дихання здійснювалося за допомогою спірографічного методу із використанням спірографа відкритого типу «CARDIO SPIRO» протягом 24 тижнів. Реєстрували частоту дихання, об’ємні та швидкісні показники зовнішнього дихання. Результати роботи. Установлено, що в плавчинь під впливом занять плаванням із застосуванням елементів аквафітнесу й інтервального гіпоксичного тренування вірогідно покращилися показники дихального об’єму, частоти дихання, максимальної вентиляції легень, життєвої ємності легень на вдиху та видиху, резервного об’єму дихання на вдиху та видиху, а також швидкісні показники функції зовнішнього дихання, які підтверджують покращення пропускної спроможності великих бронхів. Висновки. Рекомендовано для покращення функції зовнішнього дихання плавчинь 11–12 років на етапі початкової базової  підготовки  комплексно  застосовувати елементи аквафітнесу й інтервальне гіпоксичне тренування.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Fisika di SMAN 2 Mataram Melalui Penerapan Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses
Authors: Ayub Syahrial , Gunada I Wayan , Afifah Gusti
Published: August 2019

This collaborative action research which was aimed to improve the quality of physics teaching through the implementation curriculum of 2004 in teaching scenario which oriented for process skill. This action research was conducted to the second year students of The State Senior High School 2 Mataram, by involving two teachers for giving the treatmen. The data needed such as observation result of teaching inthe class and the student response were collected by observation format of teaching in the class and questionnare. By using quantitative and qualitative analysis, it was found that 1) the implementation of process skill teaching can quality improvement of physic teaching in The State Senior High School 2 Mataram, 2) student's response for implementation of process skill teaching is good, 3) the student's opinion toward implementation of process skill teaching is quantitatively positive. Based on this result, it is recommended that physic teacher implement process skill teaching of teaching continuosly in order to improve student's achievement.
Role of hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection in prevention of preterm labour in high risk patients for preterm delivery.
Authors: Ashraf Saima , Imtiaz Iqra
Published: August 2019

Preterm labour is occurrence of labour after 24 completed weeks of gestation and before 37 weeks of gestation are completed. In Asia preterm birth rate is quoted to be 9.1% while in Pakistan it is 15.7%. To establish role of hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection in prevention of preterm labour in high risk patients for pre-term delivery. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department at Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: 25th October 2017 to 25th April 2018. Materials and Methods: 148 pregnant patients who were at high risk of pre-term delivery, women with any parity and singleton pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy between 24 to 36 gestational weeks were taken in the study. Patients having multiple pregnancy, fetal membrane rupture, having any contraindication to progesterone or taking medicines having interaction with progesterone were excluded from the study. All patients included in the study were given 250mg/ml hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection on weekly basis by intramuscular route. Injections were given till 36 completed gestational weeks or till the time of delivery which ever happened earlier. Patients who had pre-term delivery were managed as per standard protocol. Information was recorded in form of efficacy on a specially design proforma. Results: In the study range of age was 18-35 years and mean was 28.486 ± 2.79 years. 30.405 ± 2.42 weeks was mean for gestational age. Mean for prior pre-term delivery was 0.520 ± 0.83 and 26.398± 1.44 kg/m2 was mean BMI. 70.3% patients showed efficacy of drug. Conclusion: Results of study showed that hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection given as 250mg/ml on weekly basis causes significant decline in occurrence of recurrent pre-term delivery in high risk patients for pre-term delivery.
Role of mean platelet volume (MPV), platlet distribution width (PDW) and platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) in diagnosis of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia.
Authors: Khan Hamzullah , Masood Adnan , Bari Fazle , Tabassum Naila , - Ameezullah
Published: August 2019

Thrombocytopenia has been shown to have significant mortality if ignored. Platelet indices have been reported to be useful prognostic indicators. The objectives of this study was to determine the diagnostic importance of the platelet indices in diagnosis of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia i.e ITP. Study Design: Cross sectional observational study. Setting: Department of Pathology (MTI) Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Comeplex Nowshera Medical College. Period: Aug 2017 to Jan 2018. Materials and Methods: These blood samples were analyzed in clinical Pathology laboratory of QHAMC. Required information’s were recorded on predesigned proforrma as per objectives of the study. Results: The peripheral smears of 139 cases were reported in the study. Detailed history and Thorough clinical examination was conducted. Mean age of the study population of the patients with standard deviation was 30.90(±6.4) years. Mean platelet count was 27. 37(±12.8) x109/. Mean platelet volume MPV was 11.4(±1.4) fl. Mean platelet distribution width (PDW) was 15.4(±3.3) fl. Mean platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) was 39.6(±8.9) %. Eight cases with MPV lower than 11fl and cases with PDW more than 15fl that were also having pancytopenia or bycytopenic picture were advised bone marrow aspiration for further diagnosis if clinically indicated. Six cases out of eight to whom bone marrow was advised were sent for bone marrow examination by the clinicians and we found that three of them were idiopathic thrombocytopenia and one Megaloblastic anemia, one case with pancytopenia due to hyperspleenism and one with acute leukemia with eosinophilia. Conclusion: From the above we concluded that all cases with MPV>11fl and PDW>14fl are sensitive and specific indicators for ITP and These indices help to distinguish hyper-destructive thrombocytopenia and hypo-productive thrombocytopenia very easily and it is also cost effective on a very simple test that is special smear. We must look for platelet indices very keenly while reporting a case with bi-cytopenia and pancytopenia.
Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a: Predictive factors associated with treatment response in patients of Peshawar.
Authors: Gul Amina , Gul Naheed , Ali Ijaz , Ahmed Jawad
Published: August 2019

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a flavivirus responsible for causing chronic liver diseases including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Identification of various patient and virus-related factors that can help predict response to antiviral therapy is extremely important in formulating the best therapeutic strategy for each patient either to continue or stop the therapy. The present study aimed to determine Sustained Virological Response (SVR) in HCV genotype 3a infected patients that received combination therapy of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin and to investigate various factors that can help predict SVR. Study Design: Longitudinal Study Settings: Institute of basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar (IBMS, KMU). Period: July 2016 to September 2017. Materials and Methods: Treatment response was evaluated among 100 HCV genotype 3a infected patients that received Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin therapy for 24 weeks. Various baseline parameters including hematological, biochemical and viral profiles of were recorded. HCV genotype determination was carried out by type specific nested PCR based genotyping assay. Viral load was determined at baseline, at 12 weeks for Early Virological Response (EVR) and at 24 weeks of treatment for SVR. Viral RNA quantification was carried out by Real Time PCR. Results: Out of 100 patients, SVR was observed in 83% of patients; while 17% of the chronic HCV 3a infected patients were Non-Responders (NR). Mean age of patients was low 34 ± 9.8 among patients who achieved SVR as compared to patients with non-response (41 ± 10). The 24 weeks Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly lower among patients with SVR (p-value ≤ 0.05). Although statistically not significant, baseline viral load was higher in NR group (p-value ≥ 0.05), than those with SVR. Association of EVR with SVR was found statistically significant (OR= 2.8, 95% CI 1.2-6.4, p-value ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The current study indicated that pre and on-treatment monitoring of patients receiving anti-viral therapy is important for the management of patients with chronic HCV infection.
Epistemologi Ibn Taymiyah dan Sistem Ijtihadnya dalam Kitab Majmu al-Fatawa
Authors: Ahmad La Ode Ismail , Amri Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang epistemologi Ibnu Taymiyah dalam kitab Majmu’ al-Fatawa yang berisi kumpulan fatwa-fatwanya. Hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ibnu Taymiyah melakukan tiga metode ijtihad, yakni ijtihad bayani, ijtihad qiyasi dan ijtihad Ijtislahi meskipun tidak secara komprhensif dari berbagai bentuk dari setiap metode. Secara umum, teori Ibnu Taymiyah dalam ijtihad menawarkan metode berpikir induktif (empirik). Empirik bukan hanya apa yang dilakukan dan yang ditulis oleh orang, namun dapat berupa kehidupan sehari-hari atau peristiwa alam, tetapi juga berupa ayat-ayat dan hadis. Dalam era kekinian, sebuah metode baru dalam menafsirkan Alquran, tafsir mawu’iy dengan jalan pengumpulan ayat-ayat tentang suatu masalah, kemudian dipahami secara menyeluruh kemudian diambil kesimpulannya. Tampaknya metode ini sejalan dengan metode Ibnu Taymiyah yang menempatkan nas sebagai empirik, bukan sebagai teori, sedangkan teori dihasilkan dari penelitian.
Language Acquisition: The Influential Factors and Its Connection With Age
Authors: Marzuki Dony
Published: August 2019

The term of language acquisition often leads to a misinterpretation when it deals with English learning. However, there is one distinct point that might be pointed out about language acquisition which differentiates it with the general language learning. Language acquisition is the process of acquire language while language learning is the process of learning the language. This article is meant to give a perspective about language acquisition, factors that influence the acquisition and also the connection of language acquisition with age.
Empat Pilar Neuro Linguistics Programming dalam Komunikasi di Dunia Pendidikan untuk Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Hasbi Hasbi
Published: August 2019

Communication skill is a precondition for people to be able to influence others and the most effective tools used forcommunication is language. The ability of educators in using the right words are determining the kind of students they have, and inlong term it will determine the character of the next generation of one nation. For teachers to be able to use the right way ofcommunication they need to consciously use the language which are developed in Neuro Linguistics Programming known as NLP.This paper will discuss four pillars of NLP as well as some techniques in NLP for helping teachers in improving their teaching skillsso that they become powerful educator to build character of the next generation. The four pillars of NLP are outcome, rapport,sensory acuity, and flexibility. The techniques namely are meta model, and reframing.Outcome is way of thinking in communication skill which helps parents to focus on the result instead of what is going on with thestudents. Rapport is a way of minimizing miscommunication among people. Sensory acuity is observing carefully and not makingquick conclusion in communication. Flexibility is the ability to do different things when one does not work. Meta model is an effectiveways of finding out what is really mean by the students. This technique is very effective to find out what is really meant by thestudents. Reframing is one technique to persuade the students to obey their teachers order. Using this techniques helping teachers toforce students is soft way.
Mitos Wacana Pendidikan Karakter Perempuan Minangkabau: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Yunis Muhammad
Published: August 2019

This study titled 'Myth For Women Character Education Discourse of Minangkabau; Case Study of PadangPariaman '' is one of the studies that tried to reformulate the old wisdom and knowledge that is useful for the creation of models tolearning and character education of young generation in the future, especially women. In the formulation of this model, the authorsuse qualitative methods ethnometodology approach in the collection and analysis of data, with the hope of purity assessment ismaintained.The data can be by way of participation and interview.The processing and data analysis, deconstruction required readings. Deconstruction is not just unload but re-downloaddestructs. (evaluation) with the help of linguistics that speech acts (elaboration) and semiotics (significance). The way it works, thedata that has been collected will enter the stage of processing; grouping based on the research objectives; analyzed by speech acttheory; pared with the theory of semiotics; and to formulate a model of learning as a result of the evaluation.
Generating Learners’ Learning Motivation: Accesses to Achieve Better Learning Outcomes
Authors: Telaumbanua Yohannes
Published: August 2019

Mengapa  siswa  malas  belajar  ?  Mengapa  mereka  tidak  terlibat  aktif  dalam  kegiatan  belajar  ?  Padahal,  mereka  telah memahami bahwa belajar adalah sebuah orientasi tujuan yang didukung oleh motivasi. Dalam belajar, siswa kadang-kadang mengalami kendala, kebosanan, ketidakpuasan, kemalasan dan ketidakbahagiaan. Untuk membantu siswa yang mengalami masalah belajar, penulis memaparkan dua puluh satu cara untuk memotivasi, dan membangkitakan partisipasi siswa dalam kegiatan belajar sebagaiberikut. Guru harus memberikan kepada siswa a sense of control, specify learning objectives, create a threat-free environment, change the atmosphere, offera variety of experiences, use positive competition, offer prizes, give them responsibility, allow achiever to work together, give praise when earned, encour age self-reflection, becomes excited, know the students, interest, helped the students find intrinsic motivation, manage student learners harnessanxiety, makehigh but achievable goals, provide feedback and offer opportunity to improve, track progress, make things funand provide them an opportunity for success. Dengan termotivasinya siswa dalam proses belajar, hasil yang akan diraih berdampak positif kepada presetasi belajar mereka.
Figurtive Language of Sami Yusuf Songs on “Wherever You Are” Album
Authors: Elmiati Elmiati , Juanda Azka
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jenis-jenis penggunaan majas didalam lagu Sami Yusuf pada Album Wherever You Are. Bersadarkan pengguanaan majas didalam lirik lagu Sami Yusuf pada albbum tersebut, maka peneliti mengetahui jenis-jenis majas, makna tersirat, dan majas yang dominan didalam lirik lagu Sami Yusuf pada album Wherever You Are. Pada dasarnya, majas memiliki beberapa tipe yaitu; Figures of tropes, Figure of Speech, Figure of Sound. Penelitian ini terfokus pada penggunaan majas berdasarkan jenis tipe tropes. Majas tipe tropes terdiri dari majas; Metafora, Simile dan Personifikasi. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumen dari lirik lagu Sami Yusuf pada album Wherever You Are. Dalam album Wherever You Are terdapat 12 lagu. Hanya lagu yang menggunakan bahasa Inggris yang dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini. Lagu-lagu tersebut adalah “Wherever You Are, Without You, You Came To Me, Give The Young A Chance, Trials Of Life, Worry Ends, Fragile World, In Every Tear He Is There, Make Me Strong”. Sedangkan metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pada dengan teknik Intra Lingual. Dari hasil penelitian ini terdapat metafora, 6 simile, dan 5 personifikasi.
Opportunities for Listening and for Instruction that Occur During the Learning Process
Authors: Sariani Sariani
Published: August 2019

Teaching a language whether English for Foreign Language (EFL) or English as a Second Language (ESL) always focuses on the four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing and should have applied into a well-balanced implementation to each. Highlighted by Nunan (1998) that over 50 % of the time spent by the students is for listening in learning a foreign language therefore it plays significant role in language development. The complexity occurs when the teaching-learning process is lack of adequate attention on improving their listening skill rather than testing their comprehension. Therefore by applying principles of ‘Meaning, Interesting, New Language, Understanding, and Stress-free (MINUS)’ might assist the teachers to come up with sufficient techniques to make the students can easily engage and obtain language items. Opportunities are discussed which may lead to a more productive learning time in listening by providing attractive variation of teaching. The desired outcomes for both principles and points of approach can accommodate teachers to develop their students listening skill as has been set in their lesson plan.
Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa PNP dan Hubungannya dengan PBM Bahasa Inggris pada SMA dan SMK
Authors: Maani Husna , Baetty Baetty , Haslina Welsi
Published: August 2019

This study is a mixed methods case on English students in a Vocational Higher Education Institution (VHEI) in West Sumatera. It is aiming at investigating factors that influence English proficiency within this case study context by referrin g it to English teaching  and  learning  experience  in  high  schools.  This  research  attempt  was  specified  into  measuring:  (a)  the  differences  and correlation between the students English learning process at both vocational high schools and high schools in general in West Sumatera and the English skills of VHEI students. The methods of data collection are students’ survey, unstructured interview with teachers, and observations at 5 high schools and 5 vocational high schools in 5 different regencies in West Sumatera.  The findings reveal that only16.7% of the VHEI have the score ranged 50-75 on dan 83.23% students has very limited English speaking proficiency by the score 0-50.It is also found : (a) learning processes is similar to the learning situation at the VHEI  and there is significant correlation between these two learning situation, (b) students’ achievement in other subjects do not differ from their English speaking skill and there is no significant correlation between these two variables,
Students’ References in Thesis of English Department at STKIP PGRI Sumatra Barat
Authors: Yelliza Yelliza
Published: August 2019

It is obvious that referencing is an essential part in scientific writing and ethical values that authors should be used in theirwork. It is strongly informed that reference avoids plagiarism and supports the author arguments. For instance, when a student wrotescientific writing, she or he should quote and cite other related literates or findings to make their writing trustworthy. In other word,it was not just collection of ideas but something authentic and scientific. It was still inchoate if a student who did her thesis withoutstating her or his sources in reference. In fact, the students frequently did not write their citations in reference. It was found that thestudents did not write the sources taken from any experts based on the guideline. They did not write down their references bydetermining the resources from the books, journals, magazine, articles, newspaper, document, thesis, and internet. Most of them onlytended to make their reference from the book. It was not moot point that students did not write about city and publisher in somecases. On the contrary, in advanced writing class, they have been taught how to quote and cite other ideas and how to write them onreferences based on guideline MLA and APA style. Meanwhile, they also had two supervisors to help them during writing their finalproject. Briefly, the result showed that a number of students did not write all their sources and not follow the rule or referenceguideline.
The Use of Edmodo to Improve the Writing Ability of English Department Students of State Polytechnic of Padang
Authors: Yulastri Desi , Aulia Dhini , Saptopramono Hendro
Published: August 2019

This study aims to examine the usage of Edmodo for writing 1 subject for English Department students of StatePolytechnic of Padang. The design of this research is experimental design; two classes became the experimental and control groups.There were 25 students in experimental group and 27 students in control group. Edmodo was used in experimental group while thecontrol group was taught without using Edmodo. SPSS program was used to analyse the data. The result showed that theexperimental group had improved significantly in their post test result. The paired samples statistics result showed that the mean ofexperiemental group post test was 70.32, while the control group post test was 63.94. For the t test result, the p value (0.000) was lessthan 0.05 for the experimental group, which means that the null hypothesis was rejected. On the other hand, the p value of the controlgroup (0.06) was greater than 0.05 which means the null hypothesis was retained. From the statistic result, the study has proved thatthe use of Edmodo in writing class can improve students’ writing ability. Therefore, the researchers suggest other lecturers to use thedevice. However, further study may need to involve larger population in order to elucidate further the efficacy of this application.
Os nacionalismos ibéricos nos estudos sobre o romanceiro tradicional
Authors: Boto Sandra
Published: August 2019

Concerning the Pan-Hispanic balladry field, Iberian peripheral areas (such as Catalan, Galician and Portuguese) have been carelessly regarded, although this has not ever been admitted by Spanish academic criticism. It is known that peripheral Iberian oral traditions collections were, in the very beginning, ruled by nationalist demands. But we believe it is also true that, nowadays, the Castilian centrist point of view on peripheral balladry traditions displays the same nationalist shape. In order to illustrate this statement, we settle our discussion on several recent examples of critical studies and editorial activity devoted to the Pan-Hispanic balladry.
Dedica votiva di Aristeis
Authors: Maniglia Francesco
Published: August 2019

A quadrangular silver plaque from Francavilla Marittima (Sybaris), the inscription is bustrophedic and consists in a private votive offering commissioned by Aristeis, a woman, to an unknown deity. The structure of the text and the graphic peculiarities of the letters bring to a chronology about late 7th-early 6th century.
Trattato di alleanza tra Atene e Arcadia, Acaia, Elide e Fliunte
Authors: Occhipinti Egidia
Published: August 2019

This paper presents and analyses the text of an alliance decree among Athens, Arcadia, Achaia, Elis and Phleious, which was signed in 362-361 BC. The text is inscribed in a stone relief. The decree established that the contracting parties were allies of the Athenians and their allies, but they were not members of the Second Athenian league. Moreover, this article discusses the relief figures.
Trattato tra Farnace I del Ponto e i Greci di Chersoneso
Authors: Ferraioli Ferdinando
Published: August 2019

The inscription contains a treaty of alliance between King Pharnakes I of Pontus and the inhabitants of Chersonesos. The king promises to respect the institutions and the security of the city, the inhabitants of the city promise to maintain an alliance with the king if he remains on good terms with them and with the Romans.