bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic identification of regulatory elements in Leukemia.
Authors: Komal Tara  , Nisar Ahmed Shar  , Amna Amin Sethi
Published: April 2024

Background: Leukemia is a type of cancer that originates from the bone marrow's blood-forming stem cells. Cancer cells don't follow the usual cellular differentiation and function pathway, so they supersede the healthy cells. Depending on the population and maturity level of abnormal cells, leukemia can be classified as Acute or Chronic.
Methodology: We mapped defined leukemia mutations from the COSMIC- The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations to perspective regulatory elements. GeneCards - Human Genes Database and Factorbook were utilized in this work to extract data to analyze gene-centric data related to AML and CML. The chromosomal location, Ensembl version, GRCh37 coordinates, and detailed examination of exons, introns, promoter binding regions, and enhancers were used to investigate co-expressed and differentially expressed genes. Downloaded from Factorbook, the expression levels of healthy and sick genes were compared to known transcription factor binding patterns.
Results: When translational control genes become mutated, they begin performing their function excessively, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation and an accumulation of immature cells in the blood that are unable to perform any function on the one hand and interfering with healthy cells' ability to function optimally due to overpopulation and growth on the other. There is a group of genes whose expression level declines as they are affected by the gene, suggesting that these genes should function as insulators or silencers under normal circumstances. The data for Myc and Max genes were extracted from the Human Genome database and sorted using different techniques to find the common regulatory regions (CRRs). These CRRs were then divided into distinct categories based on the degree to which they co-expressed or their level of expression.
Conclusion: Regulatory elements have been identified depending on the values of their expression level and how they are changing concerning the control group. This work will help in understanding the guidelines of blood malignancy at the cellular level by recognizing administrative destinations and are, in this manner, possible focuses for the treatment plans and precession accuracy medication.
Sivas Ağzı ile İlgili Çalışmalar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Güven Ömer
Published: April 2024

Öz
Türkiye Türkçesi ağızları ile ilgili çalışmalar artarak devam etmektedir. Özellikle son yıllarda alanla ilgili yapılmış pek çok kitap, tez, makale ve bildiri çalışması bulunmaktadır. Ağız çalışmalarının giderek artmasıyla birlikte bibliyografya çalışmalarına duyulan ihtiyaç da artmaya başlamıştır. Bu kapsamda bazı araştırmacılar tarafından Türkiye Türkçesi ağızları üzerine yapılan yayınları ele alan bibliyografik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu genel bibliyografik çalışmaların yanı sıra iller üzerine yapılmış çalışmaları değerlendiren bibliyografik nitelikli çalışmalar da yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Sivas ili ağızları üzerine hazırlanan bu çalışma da bu kapsamında değerlendirilecek bir çalışmadır. Çalışmada Sivas ili ağızları üzerine yapılan yayınlar ele alınmıştır. Kitaplar, Tezler, Makaleler ve Bildiriler olmak üzere dört bölümde Sivas ağzı ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Konu işlenirken kitap çalışmaları, yüksek lisans tezleri, bildiriler ve makalelerin bir kısmı hakkında çeşitli değerlendirmeler yapılmış, tanıtıcı bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Lisans tezleri ile makalelerin bir kısmı ise yalnızca künyeleri ile verilmiştir. Çalışma ile Sivas ili ağızları üzerine yapılan yayınların toplu olarak bir arada görülmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar sözcükler: Ağız, Sivas ili ağızları, bibliyografya, ağız çalışmaları, diyalektoloji.
Internet Stock Message Boards and Value Relevance of Accounting Information
Authors:   Korea Accounting Information Association, Lee Gun
Published: April 2024

[Purpose] I empirically analyze the impact of the Naver stock message boards on the value relevance of accounting information.
[Methodology] I create a Python crawler to collect contents from the Naver stock message boards, and through regression analysis, I show the impact of the number and size of contents on the value relevance of net income, net assets, and research and development expenses.
[Findings] I find that both the number and size of Naver stock message board contents have a positive impact on the value relevance of net assets and research and development expenses.
[Implications] This study holds significance in a situation where contrasting opinions exist regarding the informativeness of stock message board posts. I show that in the process of accounting information being reflected in stock prices, contents of the stock message boards play a positive role as informative content.
A Study on the Usefulness of Preliminary Earnings Disclosure: Focusing on the Reversal of Reported Earnings Signs and Earnings Management
Authors:   Korea Accounting Information Association, Kim Seung Jun , Park Sung Jong
Published: April 2024

[Purpose] This study investigates the propensity of managers to adjust discretionary accruals in response to sign changes in preliminary earnings at the provisional settlement stage. The research specifically aims to explore whether these sign changes serve as incentives for managers to manipulate accounting figures.
[Methodology] The study utilizes an empirical approach, focusing on 5,945 KOSPI and KOSDAQ listed companies that disclosed their preliminary earnings from 2013 to 2019. It examines the impact of sign changes in preliminary earnings on discretionary accruals and further investigates whether companies that over－report their preliminary earnings with a sign change exhibit larger increases in discretionary accruals.
[Findings] The findings indicate that discretionary accruals increase when preliminary earnings turn negative and decrease when they turn positive. This suggests that managers are likely to adjust earnings when an anticipated accounting profit sign change may result in a loss. Moreover, regardless of the direction of the sign change, an over－reporting of preliminary earnings is associated with a significant increase in discretionary accruals.
[Implications] While preliminary earnings announcements enhance timeliness and usefulness, there is a risk of reduced reliability due to managerial optimistic bias. Understanding the reliability of these announcements in advance can provide more relevant information to external users. Despite the challenge in discerning optimistic decision－making at the provisional settlement stage, this study demonstrates the significant relationship between sign changes in preliminary earnings and discretionary accruals, thus contributing valuable insights to the field of accounting.
A cultura digital na BNCC no ensino médio: uma revisão crítica da literatura
Authors: Isac Pereira Lima Jhonatas , Santana Miranda Camila , Batista de Souza José , Claudio Correia dos Santos Luiz
Published: April 2024

Na história da humanidade, nunca tivemos tantos meios de informação como hoje, graças à disseminação das tecnologias digitais. Atualmente, as informações surgem tão depressa, que não conseguimos acompanhá-las, devido a sua rapidez. Porém, mais importante do que receber a informação é transformá-la em conhecimento. Nesta perspectiva, o objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como têm sido as discussões em torno da 5ª competência da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) – a Cultura Digital - no Ensino Médio, nos trabalhos de pós-graduação stricto sensu, a partir de uma reflexão crítica sobre as fragilidades e potencialidades das tecnologias digitais em sala de aula. Metodologicamente, adotamos a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), realizando a análise dos dados a partir do próprio referencial do trabalho. Com os resultados, notamos as transformações ocorridas na contemporaneidade com a utilização das tecnologias digitais como recursos e caminhos alternativos ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A conclusão a que chegamos é que, a utilização das tecnologias como aliadas em sala de aula é algo que traz diversas contribuições tanto para o ensino quanto para a aprendizagem, principalmente pelo seu caráter potencializador da inovação e da mudança.
Efeitos da prática pedagógica na mudança do estilo de vida sobre a microbiota intestinal em indivíduos obesos: um estudo longitudinal
Authors: Von Dolinger de Brito Röder Denise , Pimentel Florêncio Glauber , De Paula Menezes Ralciane , Dos Santos Prado Sadoyama Adriana , Sadoyama Leal Geraldo
Published: April 2024

Os processos educativos no contexto das práticas de saúde propõem um processo permanente de aprendizado pelo trabalho, desenvolvendo possibilidades de desconstrução/construção de novos valores, ideais e lutas para produzir mudanças de práticas, de gestão e de participação social. Neste sentido, as concepções pedagógicas orientam as metodologias formativas destinadas aos profissionais de saúde, bem como para pacientes, pois o binômio educação e saúde constitui práticas socialmente produzidas em tempos e espaços históricos definidos. A epidemia global de obesidade representa um desafio significativo para a saúde pública, exigindo abordagens inovadoras para a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de doenças. Este estudo investigou os efeitos da prática educacional direcionada para a mudança do estilo de vida em 45 indivíduos obesos, analisando como as intervenções relacionadas à alimentação, prática de atividade física, gerenciamento do sono e da ansiedade influenciaram a composição da microbiota intestinal ao longo de um período de tempo. Os participantes foram submetidos a um programa de educação intensivo, com ênfase na adoção de hábitos mais saudáveis. A análise da microbiota intestinal foi realizada antes e após o programa de intervenção. Foram alcançados resultados, onde os 45 indivíduos se sentiram motivados e conseguiram aderir ao programa proposto, com perda de peso e melhora da diversidade microbiana.
THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN NON-LINGUISTIC HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Mudra Svitana , Miniailova Alevtyna , Tamarkina Olha , Baidak Liudmyla , Berezniak Oksana
Published: April 2024

The aim of the work is to determine the effectiveness of the use of digital technologies for learning foreign languages in non-linguistic higher education institutions (HEIs). The aim was achieved through the use of general theoretical methods of comparison, observation, as well as calculations of the statistical significance, efficiency ratio, Phillips’ correlation coefficient. The results showed that YouTube, Simpler, and Memrise are the easiest to use, as they do not require additional training for learning the functionality. Blackboard, Learn English, and Bussu applications have the greatest efficiency in classroom perception of the necessary information, as they are aimed at the complex interaction of understanding the theory and the performance of multi-directional tasks. According to students, Rosetta Stone, Learn English, and Memrise applications are the most favourable for self-study. Based on the Kirkpatrick Model, it was established that the majority of students achieved a high level of knowledge (72%). Although students believe that they have reached a medium level of knowledge to a greater extent, as they do not know all the necessary rules. It was found that during language learning students were primarily able to develop working memory (19%), cognitive flexibility (18%). They also gained independence in obtaining new knowledge (17%). The practical significance of the article is in the combination of various digital technologies for learning a foreign language by students of non-linguistic HEIs. The prospects for further research may be determining the effectiveness of learning of students of non-linguistic and linguistic educational institutions with the use of YouTube, Blackboard, Rosetta Stone, Learn English, Simpler, Memrise, Bussu.
Rethinking Topic Theory
Authors: Principi Dylan
Published: April 2024

This essay gives a critical history of Anglophone topic theory as it evolved between the publication of Leonard Ratner’s
Classic Music (". fn_cite_year($ratner_1980).") and
The Oxford Handbook of Topic Theory (". fn_cite($mirka_2014)."). Throughout this period, topic theory transformed from the identification of “characteristic figures” in eighteenth-century music into an analytical strategy for the intersubjective verification of correspondences between musical signifiers and extramusical meaning. Though Melanie Lowe (". fn_cite($lowe_2007).") upheld the intertextuality of topics as a way past music’s “flawed” opposition with the extramusical, the binary has exerted sustained influence even as topic theory has advanced beyond the eighteenth-century canon to encompass more repertoires and interpretive methodologies. And because the musical-extramusical opposition finds its roots in the nineteenth-century idea of absolute music, it turns out that aspects of present-day topic theory are symptomatic of a much older way of thinking that evidently still gatekeeps what counts as knowledge about music. Historicizing topic theory provides interfaces for reconsidering the mutually constitutive relationships among music, meaning, analysis, interpretation, power, and politics.
Optimizing Efficiency of Home Energy Management System in Smart Grid using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Rashid Umair
Published: April 2024

A next-generation electrical power system known as the "Smart Grid" (SG) uses two-way communication to generate, use, and transport electrical energy. Demand Response (DR) is one of the SG's primary features (DR). Smart meters in DR transmit a pricing signal to the consumer, allowing them to adjust their demand in reaction to the corresponding price signals. Day-Ahead and Time-of-Use are the most widely used load scheduling schemes, however, they deviate from the Real time pricing scheme (RTP). Due to its erratic nature, integrating renewable energy sources like solar and wind is a difficult process in SG. Because of the fluctuations in both energy consumption patterns and power rates, the majority of current methods for managing demand are predicated either on day-ahead or time-of-use pricing rather than real-time pricing. This study describes a load scheduling system that uses a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to classify various users according to their energy use in a real-time pricing environment. Our load scheduling problem is formulated utilizing the knapsack mathematical formulation technique to reduce the electricity expenditure. In order to keep the grid stable and reduce costs, renewable energy is integrated with the grid's energy to lower the Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR). The efficiency of the suggested algorithm in terms of electricity cost and PAR reduction is supported by simulation results.
The situation of pre-hospital emergency care through traumatic patients have been admitted to emergency department of Viet Duc University Hospital in 2023
Authors: Chinh Nguyen Duc  , Anh Tran Tuan  , Hung Do Manh  , Hang Nguyen Thuy  , Quynh Dinh Van  , An Le Vu Khanh
Published: April 2024

Introductions: Pre-hospital Emergency Care (PEC), especially for severe trauma is playing an important role. The study was conducted to provide an overview of the situation of PEC in Vietnam through traumatic patients at Viet Duc University Hospital. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled all traumatic patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Hospital and had complete medical records, during the period from July to September, 2023, regardless of gender, age. Data were collected and processed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Characteristics of target population: 343 cases of traumatic patients were enrolled, male was majority accounted for 71.4%; The age group from 15 to 59 years old accounted for highest proportion (63%), ≥ 60 years old (32.6%). The sites of accident were mostly occurred on road (64.3%), at home (23.9%) and working place (10.2%). The brain injury accounted for the highest proportion (55.4%), multiple injuries (54.8%), extremities injury (38.5%), maxillofacial injury (25.1%) and spine injury (21.0%). Situation of PEC: First aid was mostly provided by first witness/accompanying person (64.5%), by community first aid provider (24.1%), only 11.4% provided by professional health worker. 8.7% patients were transported by taxi/car, 16.7% by unsafe ambulance, lacking official regulated medicine or equipment, or the health personnel did not know about the patient’s medical history. Some first aid were not provided on scene including: airway management 22.2%, wound care and dressing 33.0%, collar to cervical spine 14.5%, extremities splint 34.9%. Additionally, many extremities splint and wound care, 24.5% and 37.5% respectively, were done improperly. Conclusions and recommendations: The study showed some challenges such as improper first aid provision or unsafe transportation, which potentially cause unwanted risk for the patients. The author highly recommend the improvement of PEC according to the new law on this issue.
The Potential of Radish Leaves (Raphanus sativus) Extract as Shoe Polish
Authors: Genelyn Adiova  , Francine Muñoz Arbilo  , Kaila Marie Navales Narito  , King Leonard Desono Nograda  , Jewel Polo Villanueva
Published: April 2024

The research titled "The Potential of Radish Leaves (Raphanus sativus) Extract as Shoe Polish" aims to investigate the feasibility of utilizing radish leaf extract as an alternative shoe polish. Conventional shoe polishes available in the market often contain hazardous chemicals that pose potential risks to human health and the environment. This study focuses on extracting radish leaves to formulate a natural shoe polish that is both safe for users and environmentally friendly. The study evaluates the physical attributes of the radish leaf shoe polish before application, such as melting point and pH, as well as post-application aspects including odor, texture, consistency, and color. Furthermore, the research assesses the effectiveness of the shoe polish in terms of glossiness, water repellency, and dust resistance. By combining radish leaves, coconut oil, soy wax, Gumamela, and calamansi, the researchers have successfully developed a shoe care product that not only enhances the appearance of leather shoes but also prioritizes environmental well-being. The outcomes of this research have the potential to contribute to the advancement of eco-friendly shoe polishes that offer efficient performance while minimizing the reliance on harmful chemicals.
Antenatal care services in Yobe state Nigeria: The determinants and interventions to increase utilization
Authors: Babagana Abba  , Mohammed Lawan Gana  , Abubakar Musa  , Usman Abba
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Maternal and perinatal mortality are global public health issues and Nigeria in particular carries a high burden as 33,000 women dies every year though significant decline in maternal mortality ratio has been observed; neonatal mortality rate is 37 per 100,000 livebirths against the 2015 MDGs target of 12 per 100, 000 and stillbirth is unbearably high. Yobe State remains one of the regions with high maternal and perinatal death in Nigeria most of which are preventable with quality Antenatal care (ANC) services yet the ANC coverage is only 49% against the Nigerian national figure of 68.9% (which is moderate) and more than 67% of the pregnant women did not receive atleast 4 ANC visits in Yobe as recommended by World Health Organization. The aimed of this study was to analyse and recommend interventions in ANC services in order to increase utilization to improve maternal and perinatal health in Yobe State, Nigeria. Methods: This is an in-depth study on ANC service utilization from local and international literatures; databases used are PubMed, Medline and Global health. The conceptual framework is based on socio ecological model. The analytical tools used to analyse the proposed intervention strategies are based on the criteria of technical effectiveness, organisational feasibility, sociocultural feasibility, financial feasibility and equity consideration. Results: Multilevel determinants are responsible for low Utilization of ANC services in Yobe State which include intrapersonal (women education and literacy), interpersonal (families, peers, relatives influence), community (culture and beliefs), health system (health services, human resources, and health policy) and structural determinants (conflicts and poverty). Effective and feasible strategies to increase ANC services Utilization identified and appraised include outreach and health and education; men involvement in ANC; community based health insurance scheme; improving the skills and supportive supervision of ANC providers; employment of CHW and task shifting to lower cadres. Conclusion: ANC services requires multi-dimensional approach to increase Utilization, each intervention augment one another for the desired effects and better outcome of improving maternal and perinatal health. Further research is recommended on interventions of determinants like conflicts, poverty and women education which are beyond the scope of this dissertation and men involvement in ANC, community based health insurance scheme, improving the skills and supportive supervision of health ANC providers; task shifting to lower cadres and further research.
Effects of Pulverized Madre De Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) and Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) leaves as Saba Banana (Musa acuminata × balbisiana) ripening agents
Authors: Quishamar Dayo De Guzman  , Anne Kristine Anitohin Flores  , John Lloyd Jocson  , King Leonard Desono Nograda  , Marinela Sarmiento Serrano
Published: April 2024

In the Philippines, demand for fruits led to use of artificial ripening techniques like calcium carbide. These techniques contribute to meeting the rising demand for fruits but the fruits that benefit human health turned to unhealthy since the techniques affect the fruit's essential nutrients. This study provides an alternative organic ripening agent to saba banana for its healthy way of cultivation. It aims to determine the effects of pulverized Madre De Cacao and Jackfruit leaves on the duration of ripening, color, odor, palatability, and texture of saba banana and to determine the significant difference between pulverized Madre De Cacao and Jackfruit leaves, and the combination of pulverized leaves as ripening agents. Experimental research design applied wherein three concentrations observed in five days after applying to saba banana. The most effective organic ripening agent was utilized in the public market. The 15 respondents divided into three groups utilized different treatments and answered the questionnaires. The results revealed, treatment 2 (pulverized Jackfruit leaves) was most effective. The saba banana ripened in two days, color of peel turned yellow with green tips, odor of the banana smelled fragrant and fruity, palatability tasted enhanced sweetness, and texture when eaten was soft and creamy. On the other hand, treatment 1 (pulverized Madre De Cacao leaves) was next to most effective, and treatment 3 (combination of the two leaves) was slightly effective in some parameters. Further studies should be conducted on popular methods of ripening fruit such as the liquid method but in an organic way.
Feminist analysis of Rupa Bajwa’s: The sari shop
Authors: Yogesh Shreekant Anvekar
Published: April 2024

An analysis of the ‘The Sari Shop’ by Rupa Bajwa using Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Theory of women and economics has been attempted. The Researcher has analyzed the different ways and circumstances through which the women protagonists were made to leave productive modes of employment to take up reproductive employment and the benefits offered to them, the consequences and the intermingling of both capitalism and patriarchy to keep those women under subjugation along with the consequences of the rebellion lead by the protagonists which differed according to their class, family and educational background.
Aviation and medicine. Gatchina Officer Aviation School
Authors: Krynyukov P. E. , Abashin A. G. , Velichko I. I.
Published: April 2024

Data on the first military aeronautical schools in Gatchina and in Kacha are presented. Information is given about the first military doctors of aeronautical schools and the first studies of the effect of flights on the human body.
Synthesis of carbon nanotubes using microwave radiation to modify elastomer with improved electrical and thermal conductivity
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Shchegolkov Alexander V. , Shchegolkov Alexei V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Chumak M. A. ,   Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Naschykin A. V. ,   Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Likhachev K. V. ,   Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The paper presents a method of microwave influence on ferrocene C10H10Fe and graphite to obtain multilayer carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) — designed to improve the electrical and thermophysical properties of silicon-graphite elastomer (Silagerm 8020). Diagnostics and characterisation of the synthesised MWCNTs were carried out by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. According to SEM data, it follows that the morphology of the synthesised MWCNTs has the form of filamentous formations intertwined in bundles with the diameter of individual MWCNTs from 40 to 60 nm and length up to several microns. At the same time, the surface of most of the MWCNTs is covered with a continuous layer of iron (Fe). The EDX method also confirmed the Fe and oxygen content on the surface of the MWCNTs. XRD method identified the presence of Fe in combination with carbon in the form of Fe3C iron carbide and pure Fe iron at 44.7°. The compound Fe3C, also referred to the active phase of Fe allowing the synthesis of MWCNTs. By increasing the concentration of MWCNTs in the elastomer, an increase in thermal conductivity with percolation transition was achieved at a concentration of 8 % MWCNTs. The maximum thermal conductivity of the nanomodified elastomer was 0.48 W/(m·°C), which corresponded to the mass concentration of MWCNTs equal to 8 wt.%. At the same time, the electrical conductivity of the composite, when the MWCNTs concentration was changed from 1 to 8 %, increased in the range from 4·10–5 to 2.4 cm·cm–1 and is also due to the percolation of MWCNTs in the elastomer matrix.
Influence of cathodic introduction of chrome into zinc coating on its protective ability
Authors:   Yu.A. Gagarin Saratov State Technical University, Pankratov I. S. , Solovieva N. D. ,   Yu.A. Gagarin Saratov State Technical University
Published: April 2024

The influence of cathodic introduction of chromium into the surface layers of a zinc coating on the change in its corrosion resistance has been determined. Electrodeposition of zinc from electrolytes of various compositions was carried out on electrodes made of St3 steel. TsO grade zinc was used as an anode. Preliminary steel electrode was preparated treating the steel surface of in the potentiostatic mode of pre-phase deposition (DPD) at a potential 50 mV more positive than the equilibrium potential of zinc (Ep) in the working electrolyte for 5 minutes. The zinc coating was applied in potentiostatic mode at a potential of –1.20 V relative to the silver chloride reference electrode. The introduction of chromium into the electrodeposited zinc coating was carried out in the potential range from –0.97 to –1.15 V from electrolytes containing trivalent chromium salt. The results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of the component composition of working electrodes after cathodic introduction of chromium, the morphology of the formed surface obtained using scanning electron microscopy, indicate the presence of chromium in the coating composition and its effect on the structure of the deposit. The corrosion resistance of modified zinc coatings by cathodic introduction of chromium at potentials of –1.05 V and –1.10 V for 5 minutes exceeds this characteristic of chromated zinc.
Enhancing Predictive Models: An In-depth Analysis of Feature Selection Techniques Coupled with Boosting Algorithms
Authors: Sulistianingsih Neny , Martono Galih Hendro
Published: April 2024

This research addresses the critical need to enhance predictive models for fetal health classification using Cardiotocography (CTG) data. The literature review underscores challenges in imbalanced labels, feature selection, and efficient data handling. This paper aims to enhance predictive models for fetal health classification using Cardiotocography (CTG) data by addressing challenges related to imbalanced labels, feature selection, and efficient data handling. The study uses Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) and boosting algorithms (XGBoost, AdaBoost, LightGBM, CATBoost, and Histogram-Based Boosting) to refine model performance. The results reveal notable variations in precision, Recall, F1-Score, accuracy, and AUC across different algorithms and RFE applications. Notably, Random Forest with XGBoost exhibits superior performance in precision (0.940), Recall (0.890), F1-Score (0.920), accuracy (0.950), and AUC (0.960). Conversely, Logistic Regression with AdaBoost demonstrates lower performance. The absence of RFE also impacts model effectiveness. In conclusion, the study successfully employs RFE and boosting algorithms to enhance fetal health classification models, contributing valuable insights for improved prenatal diagnosis.
Predictors of Global Scientific Literacy of Pre-Service Teachers: A Structural Equation Modeling Study
Authors: Serbest Derya , Akkuzu Güven Nalan
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among pre-service science teachers' global scientific literacy and various variables within the scope of the structural equation model. Since the relations among the variables were investigated in the structural model established for this study, correlational research methodology was applied. The application was carried out with 294 pre-service teachers studying in the departments of chemistry, physics, biology and elementary science education of a state university. The data of the study were obtained with the scales of global scientific literacy, the perception of science process skills, the inquiry skills, the self-directed learning readiness in laboratory, the attitude scale towards the laboratory and the personal information questionnaire. Within the framework of structural equation modeling, the causal and relational analyses of the data were examined. The results showed that the proposed model of the relationship among global scientific literacy and the variables predicting global scientific literacy was also found to be compatible with the data, and the entire model was confirmed except for the attitude towards the laboratory. In this context, it can be claimed that these variables play an essential role in pre-service teachers’ being global scientifically literate.
INTENTION TO RETURN TO NATIONAL PARK: THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED QUALITY, PERCEIVED VALUE, AND TOURIST SATISFACTION
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, Dongthap University, Dong Thap, Vietnam, TRI Nguyen Giac , NGUYEN Quoc Nghi ,   School of Economics, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
Published: April 2024

Understanding and predicting tourists’ intention to return to a destination is a fundamental factor for the success of a tourism destination. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the influence of perceived quality, perceived value, and satisfaction on the intention to return to the national park of tourists. The research utilizes a convenient sampling method with direct interview techniques to collect research data. The achieved sample size is 308 tourists who have visited and experienced tourism services at national parks in the Mekong Delta region, Vietnam. Applying a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study has proven that perceived quality positively influences satisfaction, enhancing the intention to return to national parks of tourists. Additionally, perceived value also has a positive impact on satisfaction, contributing to promoting the intention to return to national parks. Finally, the research has revealed a positive correlatio n between satisfaction and the intention to return to national parks of tourists.
Fight against Typhus in Turkey (1945-1950)
Authors: Köse Resul
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the struggle against typhus, which has been a scourge of humanity for centuries, in Turkey between 1945 and 1950.
Method: The data of our study were obtained from archival documents, periodicals of the period and other studies in the literature. In addition, this study is a qualitative study and document analysis method was used.
Findings: The fight against typhus, which became epidemic in Turkey during World War II, became one of the most important issues of the post-war period. In the fight against typhus, vaccination had begun in 1943, during the war years. This practice would be accelerated as of 1945. The vaccine produced in large quantities in a short period of time at the Refik Saydam Institute of Public Health played a significant role in this situation. In addition, the effective use of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (D.D.T.) from 1945 onwards constituted one of the most important factors in achieving success.
Conclusion: Thanks to the preventive health measures taken between 1945 and 1950, as well as the strict vaccination program and D.D.T. application, Turkey was able to reduce typhus disease, one of the most feared disasters of those years, from the country's agenda.
A Cell Specific Effect of MBOAT7 MAFLD-risk Variant on Immune Cells
Authors: Pan Ziyan , Alharthi Jawaher , Bayoumi Ali , George Jacob , Eslam Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Background: Disease risk variants are likely to affect gene expression in a context- and cell-type specific manner. The membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) rs8736 metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)-risk variant was recently reported to be a negative regulator of toll-like receptors (TLRs) signalling in macrophages. Whether this effect is generic or cell-type specific in immune cells is unknown. Methods: We investigated the impact of modulating TLR signaling on MBOAT7 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We also examined whether the rs8736 polymorphism in MBOAT7 regulates this effect. Furthermore, we measured the allele-specific expression of MBOAT7 in various immune cell populations under both unstimulated and stimulated conditions. Results: We show that MBOAT7 is down-regulated by TLRs in PBMCs. This effect is modulated by the MBOAT7 rs8736 polymorphism. Additionally, we provide evidence that MBOAT7 acts primarily as a modulator of TLR signalling in mononuclear phagocytes. Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of studying Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) signals in the specific cell types in which alterations of gene expression are found.
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Latin America: State-of-the-Art and Current Challenges
Authors: Carnero Contentti Edgar , Eizaguirre Bárbara , López Pablo A. , Silva Berenice , Tkachuk Verónica A. , Tizio Santiago , Alonso Ricardo
Published: April 2024

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by severe attacks of optic neuritis, myelitis, and/or area postrema. Advances in understanding the pathophysiology of NMOSD have led to improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. There has been a notable increase in research efforts worldwide, including in Latin America (LATAM). In recent years, LATAM has witnessed a surge in research on NMOSD, resulting in a growing body of evidence on various aspects such as epidemiology, clinical manifestations, paraclinical features (including AQP4-IgG [Aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G] and imaging), acute and long-term treatment strategies, as well as accessibility to diagnostic tests. This narrative review aims to present the most relevant findings from different NMOSD cohorts in LATAM, providing a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the disease in the region, while considering its unique characteristics and challenges. LATAM-focused evidence is crucial for adding valuable information to the international dataset and is therefore summarized in this review.
Causal Relationship between Sex Hormones and Risk of Developing Common Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Huang Qiang , Li Qiong , Guo Jun-Hong
Published: April 2024

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of unexplained disorders of the central nervous system, and studies have shown that a large number of genetic and environmental factors are associated with these diseases. Since these diseases show significant gender differences in epidemiology, sex hormones are thought to be strongly associated with these diseases. In this study, we used Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationship between sex hormones and the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: We obtained genetic instrumental variables for sex hormones (sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], estradiol levels [EL], and bioavailable testosterone [BT]) separately through the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) database (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/). We analyzed the causal relationship of each with the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [ALS], Parkinson’s disease [PD], and Alzheimer’s disease [AD]) using inverse variance weighted (IVW) in Mendelian randomization. Data were then analyzed for sensitivity. Results: BT was negatively associated with the risk of developing ALS (odds ratio [OR] = 0.794; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.672–0.938; p = 0.006). EL and SHBG were not associated with a risk for developing neurodegenerative diseases (ALS, PD, AD). Conclusions: Elevated BT is associated with a reduced risk of developing ALS. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action for this correlation and how it can be used as a potential target of action to reduce the risk of developing ALS.
Calcified Nodules in Non-Culprit Lesions with Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients
Authors: Wu Xi , Wu Mingxing , Huang Haobo , Wang Lei , Liu Zhe , Cai Jie , Huang He
Published: April 2024

Background: Calcified nodules (CN) have been linked to unfavorable clinical outcomes. However, there is a lack of systematic studies on non-culprit lesions with CN in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This study aims to investigate the frequency, distribution, predictors, and outcomes of CN in non-culprit lesions among ACS patients. Methods: We included 376 ACS patients who received successful stent placement in their culprit lesions. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was performed to evaluate non-culprit lesions in left main arteries and all three coronary arteries (CA). CN was defined as accumulations of small nodular calcium deposits exhibiting a convex shape protruding into the lumen. Results: CNs was identified in 16.9% (121 of 712) per artery and 26.9% (101 of 376) per patient. They were predominantly located at the mid portion of the right coronary artery (26.3%) and the bifurcation site (59.9%). Patients with CN were older (63.57 ± 8.43 vs. 57.98 ± 7.15, p < 0.001) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (55.4% vs. 42.2%, p = 0.022). However, there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics observed after propensity score matching (PSM). Multivariate analysis revealed that CN were independently associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) both before and after PSM (hazard ratio (HR): 0.341, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.140–0.829, p = 0.018; HR: 0.275, 95% CI: 0.108–0.703, p = 0.007, respectively). During the observational period of 19.35 ± 10.59 months, the occurrence of MACE was significantly lower in patients with CN before and after PSM (5.9% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.046; 4.0% vs. 18.1%, p = 0.011; respectively). Conclusions: CN in non-culprit lesions with ACS patients was prevalent and caused fewer adverse clinical outcomes.
Atrial Fibrillation and Chronic Kidney Disease: Aetiology and Management
Authors: Sidhu Bharat , Mavilakandy Akash , Hull Katherine L. , Koev Ivelin , Vali Zakariyya , Burton James O. , Ng G. André
Published: April 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have highlighted an increased prevalence and incidence of AF in patients with CKD. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of current management strategies and considerations of treating atrial fibrillation with concomitant CKD. Potential electrophysiological mechanisms between AF and CKD are explored. Current evidence and literature focusing on pharmacological rate and rhythm control along with procedural intervention is reviewed and presented. The management of AF and CKD together is complex, but particularly pertinent when considering the close cyclical relationship in the progression of both diseases.
Kur'an Kelimelerinden el-Vech'in (الوجه ) Tefsir Kaynaklarında ve Meallerde Anlamlandırma Sorunu
Authors: Yüksel Mukadder Arif
Published: April 2024

el-Vech (الوجه) kelimesi Kur’an’da yüz, zât, yön ve kıble anlamında hem Allah lafzına hem de insanın zatına muzâf olarak kullanılmaktadır. Tefsirlerde ve meâllerde bu kelimenin anlamlandırılmasında bir anlayış birliği olmadığı, bunlardan bazılarının da sadece lafzî anlamını vermekle yetindiği görülmektedir. Kur’an’da mecaz olmadığını iddia eden bazı Selefî âlimler, naslarda el, yüz, ayak gibi organlarının Allah’a nispet edilmesini te’vil yapmadan olduğu gibi kabul etmekte ve mahiyeti hakkında herhangi bir yorum yapmamaktadır. Haşviyye olarak nitelenen bazı gruplar da bu kelime bağlamında teşbih ve tecsime varan yorumlar yapmaktadırlar. Ehl-i sünnet âlimleri ise el-vech kelimesine bağlamına göre Allah’ın zâtı, rızası ve kıble anlamlarını vermektedirler. Meâllerde el-vech (الوجه) kelimesinin herhangi bir açıklama yapılmadan “yüz/çehre” şeklinde çevrilerine rastlanılmaktadır. Vech kelimesinin, açıklama yapılmadan sadece “yüz” kelimesiyle çevrilmesi halinde yanlış anlamalara, teşbihî inanışa ve antropomorfik ilah tasavvuruna yol açması mümkündür. Tefsir kaynaklarında ve meâllerde ayetlere, lafzın delalet ettiği anlam, ayetin bağlamı ve ilgili rivayetler doğrultusunda anlam verilmesi murad-ı ilâhinin doğru anlaşılması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, vech kelimesine tefsirlerde ve meâllerde verilen anlamlar incelenerek ve bu kelime bağlamında vaki olan anlamlandırma sorununa ve bu sorunun yol açacağı muhtemel yanlış anlamalara dikkat çekilerek en uygun anlamlandırma tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. el-Vech kelimesinin hakiki ve mecâzî anlamları dikkate alınarak yorumlandığında ve insanlara nispet edildiğinde yüz, çehre, kişilik, öz, yön ve kıble anlamlarına geldiği, mecazen Allah’a nispet edildiğinde ise zâtı, varlığı, rızası, hoşnutluğu, Allah’ın yönü ve kıblesi anlamlarını ifade ettiği anlaşılmaktadır.
SWOT analysis of green building systems in real estate development
Authors: Çağan Münevver , Bünyan Ünel Fatma
Published: April 2024

Sustainable and green facts are important for leaving a healthy environment for future generations. These facts are like sustainable development, sustainable city, green building, green economy, and so on. Green building is an innovative solution to sustainable urban planning problems. In this study, green building, sustainability, development processes are examined, and the opportunities and threats of green buildings with their strengths and weaknesses are determined by SWOT analysis. Besides, the construction cost and energy savings of a green building are compared to the traditional building. As a result of SWOT analysis, besides its significant strengths such as sustainability of green buildings, low energy consumption, and independence of energy consumption, high initial investment cost was determined as the most critical weakness. The increase in building values and the emergence of new business ventures are considered opportunities for green buildings, and the perception of green buildings as luxury is considered a threat. Ultimately, this study reveals the critical significance of transitioning towards sustainable construction practices, supported by compelling numerical evidence. Despite the initial higher investment costs, green buildings exhibit substantial long-term benefits, with the construction costs of the LEED gold-certified building calculated at 31,798,854.3 ₺ and the platinum-certified building at 32,390,841.0 ₺ in January 2024. Notably, energy savings of 47.7% and 61.6% were projected for the gold and platinum-certified buildings, respectively.
Voprosy shkol'noj gigieny vo vtoroj polovine XIX – nachale XX v. v Sankt-Peterburge (na primere evrejskih uchebnyh zavedenij)
Authors: Zhukova Anastasia , Semenova Olga , Shevelev Vitaliy
Published: April 2024

The article examines the sanitary and hygienic condition of schools in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century on the example of Jewish heders and Talmud Torah in St. Petersburg. Based on periodicals, historical and statistical materials and archival documents, the authors conclude that the issues that caused the most acute discussions were the same for all educational institutions, regardless of their national characteristics. The topics covered in the periodical press could be divided into two blocks: the organization of the educational process and the resulting health problems in children; requirements for the premises of the educational institution.
A Comparison of Healthcare Funding Systems between Low- /Medium-Income and High-Income Countries: Equity, Equality, and Fairness in the Rationing of Healthcare Resources
Authors: Egharevba Henry Omoregie
Published: April 2024

Access to healthcare is a social right and its demand is universal. However, health resources are limited and have to be rationed justifiably which borders on societal values and the efficiency of the healthcare system. A more efficient health system will promote more equitable access to health care based on the principle of universal health coverage (UHC) advocated by the World Health Organisation. The efficiency of any health system depends on the structure of its funding or financing system. Evidence has shown that there is a strong correlation between country’s income and total health expenditure. This also affects the health financing systems of countries. This discourse exposes the challenge of health inequities/inequalities and its correlation with health funding systems in low-income countries and upper-middle/high-income countries using Nigeria and the United States as reference countries. It also attempts to discuss the feasibility of attaining more equitable access to healthcare in a manner that promotes health equity and equality through economic evaluations of interventions in diseases of high socioeconomic burden and major health outcome concerns.