bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pan-hipopituitarismo de surgimento na infância e diagnóstico diferencial de poliúria
Authors: Nóbrega Vivianne Almeida da , Nóbrega Vinícius Almeida da , Soares Rita de Cássia Viegas Lins
Published: March 2022

O hipopituitarismo é a deficiência de dois ou mais hormônios hipofisários, que se expressa por sintomas dependentes do tipo e grau de déficit hormonal. A adequada condução destes pacientes é de fundamental importância para que não acarrete atraso no crescimento e desenvolvimento, óbito ou mudanças na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Objetiva-se, neste estudo, relatar caso clínico de abordagem de paciente pediátrico com pan-hipopituitarismo e descrever o manejo adotado, bem como a importância do acompanhamento pelo endocrinologista pediátrico. Trata-se de paciente do sexo masculino, 14 anos, com pan-hipopituitarismo iniciado na infância, secundário ao surgimento de germinoma e ao tratamento realizado para o mesmo. A primeira deficiência hormonal apresentada foi diabetes insipidus, seguida, após a realização de quimioterapia e radioterapia, de múltiplas deficiências. O menor segue em acompanhamento especializado, e faz uso de levotiroxina, desmopressina, somatropina, testosterona e prednisolona. A partir do presente relato, percebe-se a importância do diagnóstico oportuno e da adequada abordagem da criança com pan-hipopituitarismo e de seu seguimento a fim de se manter uma qualidade de vida satisfatória.
O que o profissional da saúde precisa saber a respeito do atendimento às pessoas transexuais ou transgênero
Authors: Chrisostomo Kadija Rahal , Sobreiro Bernardo Passos , Chrisostomo Eduardo Rahal , Nisihara Renato Mitsunori
Published: March 2022

Introdução: As pessoas transexuais encontram uma série de dificuldades no atendimento médico, tanto na rede privada como na pública no Brasil.
Objetivo: Demonstrar aos profissionais da área da saúde a realidade vivida pelas pessoas transexuais, quando necessitam de atendimento médico no Brasil, visando aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre o atendimento a este grupo populacional.
Métodos: Coleta de dados realizada em fevereiro de 2020 com buscas nas bases eletrônicas: PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs e Google Scholar. Utilizou-se os descritores em associação: transgender; medical care; transexual; cross-sex hormone therapy, no período entre 2000 a 2020.
Resultados: Encontramos 720 publicações com as palavras-chave transgender persons e medical care, 30 com as palavras-chave transgender, medical care e cross-sex hormone therapy, sendo escassos os estudos feitos no Brasil.
Conclusão:Para que ocorra uma melhora no atendimento à saúde das pessoas transexuais é necessário que sejam inseridas disciplinas específicas sobre este tema na grade curricular dos cursos técnicos, de graduação e de pós-graduação da área da saúde.
Cetoacidose diabética e pancreatite secundárias à peg-asparaginase.
Authors: Pires Frederico Ribeiro , Souza Camila Abreu de , Luiz Murilo Brito , Kawahara Selma Harue , Castro Luiz Claudio Gonçalves de
Published: March 2022

Objetivos: Apresentar um caso raro de cetoacidose diabética (CAD) e pancreatite secundários ao uso de PEG-asparaginase em paciente pediátrico em tratamento para leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) e alertar quanto aos sinais que remetem a esses diagnósticos.
Descrição do caso: Adolescente do sexo feminino, 10 anos e 11 meses, em tratamento para LLA e uso prévio de PEG-asparaginase há seis dias da internação, admitida com choque hipotensivo grave e encaminhada à Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Inicialmente o quadro foi interpretado como choque séptico. Em seguida a anamnese detalhada e os exames laboratoriais direcionaram para os diagnósticos de CAD e pancreatite, iniciando-se as intervenções específicas. Recebe alta hospitalar após 30 dias, sem necessidade de insulinoterapia, mas com reposição de enzimas pancreáticas.
Comentários: Geralmente, às crianças com LLA gravemente enfermos e leucopênicos, atribui-se apenas o diagnóstico de sepse, que é um diagnóstico prioritário. Entretanto, no grupo em uso de PEG-asparaginase, o pediatra emergencista deve estar alerta ao raciocínio diferencial envolvendo CAD e pancreatite, o que pode ser bem difícil inicialmente. O alerta dos diagnósticos diferenciais do choque séptico, mesmo que raros, na assistência a pacientes oncológicos pediátricos, além da correta e pronta identificação do quadro e seu manejo apropriado, correlacionam-se diretamente ao sucesso terapêutico e, em algumas situações, à sobrevivência do paciente.
Autopercepção do sofrimento psíquico em indivíduos com sintomatologia depressiva e comportamento suicida
Authors: Jorgetto Giovanna , Marolan João Fernando
Published: March 2022

Objetivo do estudo: Analisar a autopercepção do sofrimento psíquico em indivíduos com sintomatologia depressiva e sua relação com comportamento suicida em população geral adulta. Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, qualitativa, com o uso da Análise de Conteúdo temático. Realizadas entrevistas por questionário semiestruturado com 200 participantes acima de 18 anos, domiciliados em Poços de Caldas/MG, entre janeiro de 2017 a outubro de 2018. Resultados: Participantes apresentaram não percepção do quadro depressivo e desejo de morte como saída frente ao sofrimento mental ocasionado pela depressão; justificaram para o desenvolvimento da depressão as perdas afetivas, medo, desespero, ausência de apoio familiar, ruminação de ideias, relações familiares conflituosas, perda da autoestima e solidão. Conclusões: Autopercepção da sintomatologia depressiva esteve relacionada a não ter percepção de depressão ou admissão do transtorno e tristeza pelas lembranças despertadas. Relação entre sintomatologia depressiva e comportamento suicida se fez presente.
Academic research challenges in Brasil and its impairment by COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rancan Eduardo Alexandre , Frota Eloísa Ianes , Freitas Tábata Marina Nóbrega de , Chies Agnaldo Bruno , Castro-e-Silva  Júnior Orlando de
Published: March 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its control measures, which have not been experienced in the world in the last hundred years, have impacted academic scientific production, which, in Brazil, was already in the process of progressive erosion of its foundations. Thus, scientific initiation during medical graduation, which depends on funding and institutional structure, and extremely beneficial to the graduation process, was jeopardized due to restrictive measures.
Objective: This article aims to expose the point of view of undergraduate medical students enrolled in a scientific initiation program about the panorama of Brazilian academic scientific production and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in its multiple aspects.
Discussion: The lack of an effective scientific initiation is one of the many factors that lead to a decline in the number of medical researchers. The way that scientific initiation is placed, as part of a parallel curriculum, and a whole scrapped public production structure are impairing, chronic and noteworthy features. The apparatus of national scientific production is mostly structured in Higher Education Institutions and research institutions, both public. Within the scope of graduation, it can be didactically subdivided into four pillars: financial support, structure, student proactivity and the advisor's aptitude. The COVID-19 pandemic has been an additional blow to this weakened and fragile structure. Scientific initiation was thus negatively impacted. Public opinion and political aspects further influence an imbroglio of “scientific denial” and a craving for effective information and solutions to the unprecedented problem of a pandemic of this proportion.
Conclusion: It is clear that national scientific production is placed in a survival situation in the face of new challenges posed by the pandemic. Likewise, scientific initiation is less and less stimulating during graduation, even though it is an experience of great value in medical and personal development.
Construção e validação de folheto para cuidadores de idosos sobre prevenção da COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Flávia de , Guimarâes Hemelly Nogueira , Cezar Greyce Hellen Rabelo , Machado Rayssa Nogueira Rodrigues , Menezes Aline Carrilho , Araújo Diego Dias de , Andrade Silmara Nunes , Trevisan Danilo Donizetti
Published: March 2022

Fundamentos: Como ferramenta de cuidado da população idosa, é importante que cuidadores tenham conhecimento sobre a prevenção da COVID-19 a fim de minimizar a transmissão do SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Descrever o processo de construção e validação de conteúdo de folheto educativo para cuidadores de idosos sobre medidas de prevenção da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo metodológico desenvolvido em três etapas. A primeira etapa corresponde à revisão de literatura; a segunda envolveu a construção do folheto e a última etapa a validação de conteúdo por um comitê de 23 especialistas que julgaram os objetivos, estrutura/apresentação e relevância do folheto a partir de uma escala validada tipo Likert de 3 pontos. Itens com opiniões positivas por mais de 80,0% foram considerados adequados. Resultados: O folheto foi elaborado contendo seis páginas, com informações sobre o novo coronavírus, formas de transmissão, sinais e sintomas, proteção da doença, alteração da rotina dos cuidados diários, importância da higienização das mãos, superfícies e alimentos; uso correto de máscara; cuidados específicos ao cuidador ou familiar; saúde emocional e como proceder em caso de suspeita da COVID-19. Apenas uma rodada de avaliação foi necessária; o índice de validade de conteúdo foi de 1,0 e a concordância entre juízes foi estatisticamente significante em todos os domínios da escala (p <0,006). Conclusão: Este estudo disponibiliza um folheto educativo com conteúdo validado, configurando-se um componente passível para aprimorar o conhecimento de cuidadores a respeito das medidas de prevenção contra a COVID-19 em idosos.
Tentativa de suicídio e suicídio no Brasil: análise epidemiológica
Authors: Silva Daniel Augusto da , Marcolan João Fernando
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico sobre tentativas e mortes por suicídio no Brasil. Método: Pesquisa retrospectiva, quantitativa, com dados obtidos em setembro de 2020 no banco de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil. Resultados: Aumento gradual no número de notificações de violência autoprovocada de 497,5% entre 2011 e 2018.  Para tentativa de suicídio, em 2018, mulheres foram 68,9%; entre 20 e 59 anos com 65,6%; 49,4% em pessoas brancas. Quanto ao suicídio no período 2009 a 2018, 108.020 óbitos; maiores taxas no sexo masculino; dados de 2018: faixas etárias com distribuição semelhantes; maioria pessoas brancas (49,2%) e pardas (42,8%), há importantes diferenças regionais; em 2017 e 2018 maior percentual proporcional em pessoas com 8 a 11 anos de estudo, 33,1 e 35,6%. Conclusão: Aumento crescente nas taxas de tentativa de suicídio e suicídio, com especificidades por região e estado brasileiros; aumento na morte de indígenas, homens, brancos, solteiros, separados e viúvos, com mais anos de escolaridade, em todas as faixas etárias, morte em casa, método de enforcamento.
Perineal trauma as an existential change: a qualitative study with women experiencing humanized birth
Authors: Vivancos Raquel , Almeida Aline , Mamede Fabiana , Marcolin Alessandra , Valério Pedro Henrique Martins , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate how women experienced perineal trauma during a humanized birth.
Methods: A qualitative study with 22 postpartum women was performed from January to December 2018. The Husserlian phenomenology was used as theoretical framework using individual, in-depth interviews that were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim.
Results: Twenty-four categories emerged from women´s reports. During the prenatal phase, we found lack of information regarding perineal trauma, the alterity as a facilitating process to incentive women towards vaginal delivery and the perception of the beginning of an existential transition. During labor, it was noticed trust and attachment with the health professional giving physical and emotional support, the fear of the unknown linking to insecurity, the need for internal surrender to the process, empowerment as a result of trust and commitment, to give herself to the moment and no concerns with intrapartum injury but at the same time, having the possibility to share a decision-making process of suturing(or not). The postpartum period has shown the completion of the existential transition, the body as a place of estrangement, the loosening of some ties, but the construction of new networks of personal support to overcome postpartum.
Conclusions: Most of women after humanized birth perceived perineal trauma as an existential transition that was initiated during antenatal period.
Paraparesia espástica complicada como fenótipo neurológico em OPA1
Authors: Vanni Ana Beatriz Cardoso , Pessoni Ana Clara  Pelicer , Castro Henrique  Bornelli de , Carneiro Zumira , Simão Gustavo  Novelino , Lourenço Charles Marques
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A atrofia óptica autossômica dominante (ADOA) é uma das formas mais comuns de atrofias ópticas hereditárias, e causada por mutações no gene OPA1. Os pacientes afetados por essa doença geralmente apresentam perda visual na primeira década de vida, podendo apresentar manifestações extraoftalmológicas no decorrer dos anos, configurando uma síndrome chamada OPA1 plus ou ADOA-plus. Objetivos: Relatar caso de paciente portadora da síndrome ADOA-plus, estabelecendo correlações com casos descritos na literatura. Relato de caso: Paciente feminino, 30 anos, foi encaminhada para avaliação de quadro de atrofia óptica progressiva associada a sintomas de neuropatia periférica. Aos dois anos, foi diagnosticada com perda visual parcial em consulta de puericultura. Não relatou outros sintomas associados durante a infância e a adolescência. Aos 20 anos, apresentou dificuldades de deambular, fraqueza em membros inferiores e falta de equilíbrio. Aos 25 anos, após extensa investigação, foi identificada, através de sequenciamento de exoma, mutação patológica no gene OPA1 confirmando o diagnóstico ADOA-plus e iniciado tratamento com Coenzima Q10. Atualmente a paciente relata ataxia sensitiva, diminuição da acuidade visual progressiva, fasciculações e câimbras em MMII, disfagia e dispneia.  Discussão: Muitos pacientes com ADOA-plus apresentam surdez neurossensorial como sintoma extraoftalmológico mais comum, além de quadros de parkinsonismo e demência, ataxia e ptose. Paciente relatada constitui um caso de atrofia óptica associado à neuropatia periférica, ataxia e miopatia. Devido à ampla variabilidade clínica dessa doença, deve-se investigar mutações no OPA1 em casos de paraparesia espástica progressiva associada à atrofia óptica, visto que possibilidade de tratamento com Coenzima Q10.
Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and economic class, race/skin color and social distancing in Brazilian university students
Authors: Silva Júnior André Eduardo da , Macena Mateus de Lima , Pureza Isabele Rejane de Oliveira Maranhão , Oliveira Ana Debora Santos de , Praxedes Dafiny Rodrigues Silva , Florêncio Telma Maria Toledo de Menezes , Clemente Ana Paula Grotti , Bueno Nassib Bezerra
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To determine the association between diagnosis of COVID-19 and the economic class, race/skin color, and adherence to social distancing in Brazilian university students. Methods: This is a nationwide cross-sectional study carried out with online questionnaires applied to Brazilian university students, at 94 universities in the public and private education network. Self-reported age, sex, economic class data, race/skin color, COVID-19 diagnosis, and adherence to social distancing measures were collected. Results: 5,984 individuals were evaluated. No significant association was found between the diagnosis of COVID-19 and economic class and race/skin color in the multivariable analysis. However, we observed that there were significant associations between the diagnosis of COVID-19 and partial adherence to social distancing, with leaving home only for going to work (PR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.10–1.66; p < 0.01) and with non-adherence to social distancing (PR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.29–2.97; p <0.01). Conclusion: The diagnosis of COVID-19 was associated with age, non-adherence and partial adherence to social distancing measures in Brazilian university students, but was not associated with race/skin color and economic class.
Inverse Association Between Variety of Proteins With Appropriate Quantity From Different Food Sources and New-Onset Hypertension
Authors: Zhou Chun , Wu Qimeng , Ye Ziliang , Liu Mengyi , Zhang Zhuxian , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Huan , He Panpan , Li Qinqin , Liu Chengzhang , Qin Xianhui
Published: March 2022

The relationships of the variety and quantity of different sources of dietary proteins with hypertension remain uncertain. We aimed to investigate associations between the variety and quantity of proteins intake from 8 major food sources and new-onset hypertension among 12 177 participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake was measured by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. The variety score of protein sources was defined as the number of protein sources consumed at the appropriate level, accounting for types and quantity of proteins. New-onset hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or physician-diagnosed hypertension or receiving antihypertensive treatment, during the follow-up. During a median follow-up of 6.1 years, there were U-shaped associations of percentages energy from total, unprocessed or processed red meat-derived, whole grain-derived, and poultry-derived proteins with new-onset hypertension; an reverse J-shaped association of fish-derived protein with new-onset hypertension; L-shaped associations of eggs-derived and legumes-derived proteins with new-onset hypertension; and an reverse L-shaped association of refined grain-derived protein with new-onset hypertension (all
P
values for nonlinearity <0.001). That is, for each protein, there is a window of consumption (appropriate level) where the risk of hypertension is lower. Moreover, a significantly lower risk of new-onset hypertension was found in those with higher variety score of protein sources (per score increment, hazard ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.72–0.76]). In summary, there was an inverse association between the variety of proteins with appropriate quantity from different food sources and new-onset hypertension.
A review of the genus Colias Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from Qinghai with descriptions of a new subspecies of Colias thrasibulus Fruhstorfer, 1910
Authors: HUANG HAO , SONG KUI
Published: March 2022

The Colias fauna of Qinghai province, China is reviewed, chiefly based upon the reliable specimens collected by the junior author during his 23 explorations in the past 17 years, with only C. felderi not re-discovered. The male genitalia morphology of the Chinese Colias species is investigated in detail; it proves that male genital characters are useless for the taxonomy in most cases as stated by previous researchers. Colias adelaidae is first reported from Central Qinghai, close to C. arida in distribution, with the diagnostic differences among C. arida cakana, C. wanda wanda and C. adelaidae adelaidae clarified. The taxonomy of C. wanda yangguifei is discussed, with its male holotype figured in color for the first time. The type localities of C. wanda yangguifei and C. grumi aljinshana (synonym of C. grumi) are clarified. Colias aegidii is considered as either a synonym (syn. nov.) or an ecological form of C. sifancia, with the first reliable specimen recorded from Qinghai. More specimens of the very rare Colias thrasibulus fasciata are reported from the type locality, Yushu, SE. Qinghai. Colias thrasibulus angustomarginata ssp. nov. is described from Central Qinghai. Altitude distributions and flight periods are recorded, biotopes are figured and collecting localities are mapped for most Colias species from Qinghai. Subspecies of C. nebulosa are discussed, with two new populations of C. nebulosa karoensis recorded by senior author from Luozha and Cuomei, Shannan Prefecture, Tibet.
On the type specimens of Pareas macularius Theobald, 1868 and Pareas berdmorei Theobald, 1868 with the designation of a lectotype for Pareas macularius (Squamata: Serpentes: Pareidae)
Authors: DAVID PATRICK , DEUTI KAUSHIK
Published: March 2022

In two different publications, William Theobald described, during the same year (1868), two taxa at species level in the snake genus Pareas, namely Pareas macularius and Pareas berdmorei, both based on the same syntypes. However, these two taxa are distinct at species level. We here discuss these descriptions, especially that of P. berdmorei which might have raised a nomenclatural problem. We examined their respective type specimens and we here designate a lectotype for Pareas macularius.
The taxonomic identity of the monocle bream Scolopsis vosmeri species complex (Perciformes: Nemipteridae), with comments on molecular phylogenetic relationships within the genus Scolopsis
Authors: RUSSELL BARRY C. , BOGORODSKY SERGEY V. , MAL AHMAD O. , BINEESH K.K. , ALPERMANN TILMAN J.
Published: March 2022

The monocle bream Scolopsis vosmeri species complex is revised. Three species in the complex are recognized: Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792), widespread in the Indo-West Pacific, from the northern Indian Ocean (Pakistan, western India, Sri Lanka, Bay of Bengal, and the Andaman Sea, but not recorded from the Red Sea or Arabian Gulf, east African coast or Madagascar) to western Indonesia and Borneo; S. japonica (Bloch, 1793), restricted to the western Pacific Ocean from western Indonesia and north-western Australia east to the Philippines and north to southern Japan; and S. curite Cuvier, 1815, widespread from the western to the eastern Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf. All three species are similar morphologically, and have been confused taxonomically, but phylogenetic analysis of the COI barcoding region shows they are evolutionarily divergent. The three species are redescribed in detail and characters found to distinguish them. Scolopsis vosmeri is easily distinguished from S. japonica and S. curite in having a white band along the side of the body; having a black spot  on most body scales (versus greenish yellow spot in S. japonica and S. curite); in lacking a distinct black spot (sometimes a small and faint spot present) on the upper pectoral-fin base (versus small black wedge-shaped spot present in S. japonica and S. curite); caudal peduncle whitish in live individuals (versus caudal peduncle usually yellowish in S. japonica and S. curite); and pelvic and anal fins crimson to orange-red (versus yellow in S. japonica and S. curite). Scolopsis japonica and S. curite are indistinguishable by color pattern but differ in the degree of spination on the preopercular margin. Neotypes are designated for Scolopsis japonica and S. curite. Nomenclatural problems, including validity of the genus Scolopsis, are discussed. We regard Scolopsis curite Cuvier, 1815 as a valid binomial name and thus the type species of Scolopsis Cuvier, 1814 by subsequent monotypy.
Six new species of Aphilodon centipedes (Geophilidae: Aphilodontinae) from Brazil
Authors: CALVANESE VICTOR C. , BRESCOVIT ANTONIO D.
Published: March 2022

After recent sampling in the Southeast and Northeast of Brazil, six new species of Aphilodon are described and illustrated based on males and females. From the Atlantic Forest biome, Aphilodon foraminis n. sp., A. aiuruocae n. sp., A. acutus n. sp. and A. rectitibia n. sp. were registered in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Aphilodon cangaceiro n. sp. is the first record of Aphilodontinae for the state of Piauí and was sampled in the Caatinga biome. Aphilodon bahianus n. sp. is the first species of Aphilodontinae known for the state of Bahia, being registered from the Atlantic Forest and in the Caatinga biomes. Additionally, some morphological characteristics of all known species of Aphilodon and their distributions are compared.
A new species of the subterranean millipede genus Antrokoreana Verhoeff, 1938 from the Nanatsuoguchi Mine, central Honshu, Japan, and insights into the phylogenetic position of Antrokoreana (Diplopoda, Julida, Nemasomatidae)
Authors: KATO TAIGA , UMEMURA SHINYA , NAKANO TAKAFUMI
Published: March 2022

A new species of the subterranean millipede genus Antrokoreana Verhoeff, 1938, A. asuwaensis sp. nov., from the Nanatsuoguchi Mine in central Honshu, Japan, is described based on both sexes. The new species is clearly distinguished from all congeners by the distally expanded coxal process of its anterior gonopods. Characteristics of the antennomere VII, mandibular pectinate lamellae, and flagella of anterior gonopods provide insight into the diagnostic features of Antrokoreana. Nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA as well as mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S ribosomal RNA sequences of the new species are provided, and its phylogenetic position is preliminary estimated based on the 28S and 16S rRNA sequences. The obtained phylogenies show non-monophyly of the three genera of Nemasomatidae suggesting the possibility that Antrokoreana forms a clade that is distinct from that of the other nemasomatid genera.
Atree, a remarkable new genus of the subfamily Brachistinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the first report of the tribe Diospilini from India
Authors: RANJITH A.P. , VAN ACHTERBERG CORNELIS , PRIYADARSANAN DHARMA RAJAN
Published: March 2022

The braconid tribe Diospilini (subfamily Brachistinae) is reported for the first time from India with the description of a new genus, Atree, along with the description of a new species A. rajathae from south India. The newly described genus belongs to the Aspigonus genus group showing the presence of a wide, deep sculptured groove on the propleuron. Based on morphological affinities, two species reported from Taiwan which were earlier included in the genus Diospilus have been transferred to the new genus, as A. improcerus (Chou & Hsu, 1998) comb. nov. and A. validus (Chou & Hsu, 1998) comb. nov. A key to the Indomalayan and Palaearctic genera of Diospilini is provided along with the key to the species of Atree gen. nov.
Two new species of the pseudoscorpion subfamily Lamprochernetinae Beier, 1932 from Guizhou, China (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae)
Authors: XU HONGRU , GAO ZHIZHONG , ZHANG FENG
Published: March 2022

Two new species of the pseudoscorpion subfamily Lamprochernetinae Beier, 1932 are described from Guizhou Province, China, Nudochernes pseudotroglobius sp. nov. and Megachernes biyunensis sp. nov., with detailed diagnoses, descriptions and illustrations.
First report of the genus Pelossus Thomson, 1864 (Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Pelossini) from India with description of a new species
Authors: MAJUMDER AMITAVA , GHATE HEMANT V. , CHANDRA KAILASH
Published: March 2022

A new species of longhorn beetle, Pelossus indicus sp. nov., is described from Chhattisgarh State, India. This is the first report of this genus from India and the sixth species of Pelossus from Asia. Images of the habitus and genitalia have been provided.
Four new species of polychromatic spiny-tailed iguanian lizards, genus Stenocercus (Iguania: Tropiduridae), from Peru
Authors: VENEGAS PABLO J. , GARCÍA-AYACHI LUIS A. , CHÁVEZ-ARRIBASPLATA JUAN C. , GARCÍA-BRAVO ANTONIO
Published: March 2022

The tropical Andes Mountains exhibit high levels of endemism and spatial turnover in the distribution of species. The lizard genus Stenocercus Duméril & Bibron, 1837, contains 76 species and most of them occur in the tropical Andes, reaching elevations up to 4,000 m. We describe four new species of Stenocercus based on the examination of newly collected material from the Amazonian slopes of the Peruvian Andes. Stenocercus asenlignus sp. nov. inhabits the premontane forest of northern and central Peru, departments of Amazonas, San Martín and Huánuco, at elevations between 1,500 and 2,036 m, in the basins of the Mayo, Huayabamba, and Huallaga rivers. Stenocercus leybachi sp. nov. inhabits the premontane forest of the upper Huallaga River, Huánuco department in central Peru, at elevations between 824 and 1,270 m. Stenocercus qalaywasi sp. nov. was collected in a small village at the headwaters of the Mantaro River, Junín department in central Peru, at an elevation of 2,587 m. Finally, S. nigrocaudatus sp. nov. inhabits the montane forest from extreme northern Peru, Cajamarca department, at elevations of 1,700 and 1,892 m. These species are characterized by having granular scales on the posterior surface of the thighs, relatively short tail, caudals spinose, two caudal whorls per autotomic segment, and the ability to change coloration from green to brown or gray; they differ from other species of Stenocercus in scutellation features and color pattern.
Understanding the Factors that Affect the Incidence of Bellwether Counties: A Conditional Probability Model
Authors: Grofman Bernard , Chen Haotian
Published: March 2022

We update previous work on bellwethers in U.S. presidential elections. Comparing the most recent elections (2000-2020) to those in earlier periods (1960-1980), we see a striking decline in the proportion of bellwethers. We provide a model linking this decline to conditional probability calculations that recognize that (a) a county’s predictive success likelihood varies depending upon whether the winning candidate is going to be a Democrat or going to be a Republican; (b) as polarization rises, the number of potential bellwethers declines; and (c) election competitiveness can matter, but closer elections do not guarantee a greater likelihood of bellwethers. Indeed, we now have very close elections but a very low likelihood of bellwethers.
Review of Telemedicine for Management of Acne Patients
Authors: Gu Lilly , Lipner Shari R.
Published: March 2022

Accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine has changed the landscape of dermatology practice. This manuscript aims to review the role of telemedicine in acne management and provide management recommendations. A literature search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted using keywords “acne,” “telemedicine,” “teledermatology,” “telehealth,” “virtual,” and “video.” Eight articles directly related to telemedicine and acne management were included in the study. In-person vs. telemedicine management of acne patients had high diagnostic concordance and similar efficacy and remission rates. Survey-based studies of acne patients reported high interest and satisfaction and no safety concerns with acne management via telemedicine. Telemedicine was reported as an effective triage tool. Prescription patterns for acne medications during telemedicine vs. in-person visits varied. It is likely that dermatologists will continue to treat acne and other common skin conditions via teledermatology. Therefore, it is important for dermatologists to gain comfort in utilizing virtual visits to diagnose and manage acne patients. Further studies are needed to establish a standardized structural framework for telemedicine visits to optimize patient care and outcomes for acne patients.
Dietary Behaviors, Physical Activity, and Reported Role Models Among Emerging and Young Adults With Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Ingersoll Rachel N. , Bailey Caitlin P. , Mavredes Meghan N. , Wang Yan , Napolitano Melissa A.
Published: March 2022

This article characterizes role models identified by emerging/young adults for healthy eating and physical activity (PA), explores variations in reported role models by age, sex and race/ethnicity, and examines dietary/physical activity behaviors in relation to role models. Emerging/young adults ( n=397) enrolled in a randomized controlled weight management trial completed assessments at baseline: self-reported role models for healthy eating and PA, Healthy Eating Index, device-measured PA, and demographics. Participants were 78% female, 50% non-White, with mean age 23.3 years, mean BMI 31.1 kg/m2. For both healthy eating and PA, the most frequently reported role model was friend (diet: 35%; PA: 39%). Parent was reported second most frequently for healthy eating (21%) and third most frequently for PA (11%). Role models for healthy eating, but not PA, differed by race/ethnicity. Role models did not differ by age or sex. Results may inform future interventions to promote healthy behaviors in emerging adults.
Risk Factors and Three Radiological Predictor Models for the Progression of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis in Adult Degenerative Scoliosis Following Posterior Corrective Surgery: 113 Cases With 2-years Minimum Follow-Up
Authors: Li Junyu , Xiao Han , Jiang Shuai , Yang Zexi , Chen Zhongqiang , Liu Xiaoguang , Liu Zhongjun , Wei Feng , Jiang Liang , Sun Chuiguo , Wu Fengliang , Guo Zhaoqing , Li Jing , Li WeiShi , Yu Miao
Published: March 2022

Study design

Retrospective cohort study.

Objective

To identify risk factors and predictive models for proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in a long-term follow-up of patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) following posterior corrective surgeries.

Materials and Methods

A consecutive 113 ADS patients undergoing posterior corrective surgery between January 2008 and April 2019 with minimum 2-year follow-up were included. All patients underwent preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up by X-ray imaging. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed on various risk factors and radiological predictor models.

Results

PJK was identified radiographically in 46.9% of patients. Potential risk factors for PJK included postoperative thoracic kyphosis (TK) ( P < .05), final follow-up Pelvic Tilt (PT) ( P < .05), PT changes at final follow-up ( P < .05), age over 55 years old at the surgery ( P < .05), theoretical thoracic kyphosis–actual thoracic kyphosis mismatch (TK mismatch) ( P < .05) and theoretical lumbar lordosis–acutal lumbar lordosis mismatch (LL mismatch) ( P < .05). As for the predictive models, PJK was predictive by the following indicators: preoperative global sagittal alignment ≥45° (Model 1), postoperative pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI–LL)≤10° and postoperative PI–LL overcorrection (Model 2), and TK+LL≥0° (Model 3) ( P < .05). Postoperative TK mismatch (OR = 1.064) was independent as risk factors for PJK, with the cut-off values respectively set at −28.56° to predict occurrence of PJK.

Conclusion

The risk of radiographic PJK increases with an age over 55 years old and higher postoperative TK. In addition, postoperative TK mismatch is an independent risk factor for developing PJK. All three predictive models could effectively indicate the occurrence of PJK.
Label-free quantitative proteomics of maize roots from different root zones provides insight into proteins associated with enhance water uptake
Authors: Song Junqiao , Lu Daowen , Niu Yongfeng , Sun Haichao , Zhang Pan , Dong Wenheng , Li Yongjiang , Zhang Yingying , Lu Lianyong , Men Qi , Zhang Xiaohui , Ren Pengxun , Chen Chuankui
Published: March 2022

Background

Maize is one of the most important food crops worldwide. Roots play important role in maize productivity through water and nutrient uptake from the soil. Improving maize root traits for efficient water uptake will help to optimize irrigation and contribute to sustainable maize production. Therefore, we investigated the protein profiles of maize cv. Anyu308 root system divided into Upper root zone (UR), Middle root (MR), and Lower root (LR), by label free quantitative shotgun proteomic approach (LFQ). The aim of our study was to identify proteins and mechanisms associated with enhanced water uptake in different maize root zones under automatic irrigation system.

Results

At field capacity, MR had the highest water uptake than the UR and LR. We identified a total of 489 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) by pairwise comparison of MR, LR, and UR. Cluster analysis of DAPs revealed MR and UR had similar protein abundance patterns different from LR. More proteins were differentially abundant in MR/UR compared to LR/MR and LR/UR. Comparisons of protein profiles indicate that the DAPs in MR increased in abundance, compared to UR and LR which had more downregulated DAPs. The abundance patterns, functional category, and pathway enrichment analyses highlight chromatin structure and dynamics, ribosomal structures, polysaccharide metabolism, energy metabolism and transport, induction of water channels, inorganic ion transport, intracellular trafficking, and vesicular transport, and posttranslational modification as primary biological processes related to enhanced root water uptake in maize. Specifically, the abundance of histones, ribosomal proteins, and aquaporins, including mitochondrion electron transport proteins and the TCA cycle, underpinned MR’s enhanced water uptake. Furthermore, proteins involved in folding and vascular transport supported the radial transport of solute across cell membranes in UR and MR. Parallel reaction monitoring analysis was used to confirmed profile of the DAPs obtained by LFQ-based proteomics.

Conclusion

The list of differentially abundant proteins identified in MR are interesting candidates for further elucidation of their role in enhanced water uptake in maize root. Overall, the current results provided an insight into the mechanisms of maize root water uptake.
What is the empirical basis for converting banded ordinal data on numbers of sex partners among MSM into a continuous scale level variable? A secondary analysis of 13 surveys across 17 countries
Authors: Mendez-Lopez Ana , Hickson Ford , Jansen Klaus , Lachowsky Nathan , Burns Fiona , Folch Cinta , Velter Annie , Weatherburn Peter , Marcus Ulrich , von Rüden Ursula , Mirandola Massimo , Gios Lorenzo , Frankis Jamie , Brennan David J. , Schmidt Axel J.
Published: March 2022

Background

To provide empirically based guidance for substituting partner number categories in large MSM surveys with mean numbers of sexual and condomless anal intercourse (CAI) partners in a secondary analysis of survey data.

Methods

We collated data on numbers of sexual and CAI partners reported in a continuous scale (write-in number) in thirteen MSM surveys on sexual health and behaviour across 17 countries. Pooled descriptive statistics for the number of sexual and CAI partners during the last twelve (N = 55,180) and 6 months (N = 31,759) were calculated for two sets of categories commonly used in reporting numbers of sexual partners in sexual behaviour surveys.

Results

The pooled mean number of partners in the previous 12 months for the total sample was 15.8 partners (SD = 36.6), while the median number of partners was 5 (IQR = 2–15). Means for number of partners in the previous 12 months for the first set of categories were: 16.4 for 11–20 partners (SD = 3.3); 27.8 for 21–30 (SD = 2.8); 38.6 for 31–40 (SD = 2.4); 49.6 for 41–50 (SD = 1.5); and 128.2 for ‘more than 50’ (SD = 98.1). Alternative upper cut-offs: 43.4 for ‘more than 10’ (SD = 57.7); 65.3 for ‘more than 20’ (SD = 70.3). Self-reported partner numbers for both time frames consistently exceeded 200 or 300. While there was substantial variation of overall means across surveys, the means for all chosen categories were very similar. Partner numbers above nine mainly clustered at multiples of tens, regardless of the selected time frame. The overall means for CAI partners were lower than those for sexual partners; however, such difference was completely absent from all categories beyond ten sexual and CAI partners.

Conclusions

Clustering of reported partner numbers confirm common MSM sexual behaviour surveys’ questionnaire piloting feedback indicating that responses to numbers of sexual partners beyond 10 are best guesses rather than precise counts, but large partner numbers above typical upper cut-offs are common.
Detecting the patient’s need for help with machine learning based on expressions
Authors: Lahti Lauri
Published: March 2022

Background

Developing machine learning models to support health analytics requires increased understanding about statistical properties of self-rated expression statements used in health-related communication and decision making. To address this, our current research analyzes self-rated expression statements concerning the coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic and with a new methodology identifies how statistically significant differences between groups of respondents can be linked to machine learning results.

Methods

A quantitative cross-sectional study gathering the “need for help” ratings for twenty health-related expression statements concerning the coronavirus epidemic on an 11-point Likert scale, and nine answers about the person’s health and wellbeing, sex and age. The study involved online respondents between 30 May and 3 August 2020 recruited from Finnish patient and disabled people’s organizations, other health-related organizations and professionals, and educational institutions (n = 673). We propose and experimentally motivate a new methodology of influence analysis concerning machine learning to be applied for evaluating how machine learning results depend on and are influenced by various properties of the data which are identified with traditional statistical methods.

Results

We found statistically significant Kendall rank-correlations and high cosine similarity values between various health-related expression statement pairs concerning the “need for help” ratings and a background question pair. With tests of Wilcoxon rank-sum, Kruskal-Wallis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) between groups we identified statistically significant rating differences for several health-related expression statements in respect to groupings based on the answer values of background questions, such as the ratings of suspecting to have the coronavirus infection and having it depending on the estimated health condition, quality of life and sex. Our new methodology enabled us to identify how statistically significant rating differences were linked to machine learning results thus helping to develop better human-understandable machine learning models.

Conclusions

The self-rated “need for help” concerning health-related expression statements differs statistically significantly depending on the person’s background information, such as his/her estimated health condition, quality of life and sex. With our new methodology statistically significant rating differences can be linked to machine learning results thus enabling to develop better machine learning to identify, interpret and address the patient’s needs for well-personalized care.
Impact of different cover letter content and incentives on non-response bias in a sample of Veterans applying for Department of Veterans Affairs disability benefits: a randomized, 3X2X2 factorial trial
Authors: Murdoch Maureen , Clothier Barbara A. , Beebe Timothy J. , Bangerter Ann K. , Noorbaloochi Siamak
Published: March 2022

Background

Non-random non-response bias in surveys requires time-consuming, complicated, post-survey analyses. Our goal was to see if modifying cover letter information would prevent non-random non-response bias altogether. Our secondary goal tested whether larger incentives would reduce non-response bias.

Methods

A mailed, survey of 480 male and 480 female, nationally representative, Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, or New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) Veterans applying for Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) disability benefits for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cover letters conveyed different information about the survey’s topics (combat, unwanted sexual attention, or lifetime and military experiences), how Veterans’ names had been selected (list of OEF/OIF/OND Veterans or list of Veterans applying for disability benefits), and what incentive Veterans would receive ($20 or $40). The main outcome, non-response bias, measured differences between survey respondents’ and sampling frame’s characteristics on 8 administrative variables, including Veterans’ receipt of VA disability benefits and exposure to combat or military sexual trauma. Analysis was intention to treat. We used ANOVA for factorial block-design, logistic, mixed-models to assess bias and multiple imputation and expectation-maximization algorithms to assess potential missing mechanisms (missing completely at random, missing at random, or not random) of two self-reported variables: combat and military sexual assault.

Results

Regardless of intervention, men with any VA disability benefits, women with PTSD disability benefits, and women with combat exposure were over-represented among respondents. Interventions explained 0.0 to 31.2% of men’s variance and 0.6 to 30.5% of women’s variance in combat non-response bias and 10.2 to 43.0% of men’s variance and 0.4 to 31.9% of women’s variance in military sexual trauma non-response bias. Non-random assumptions showed that men’s self-reported combat exposure was overestimated by 19.0 to 28.8 percentage points and their self-reported military sexual assault exposure was underestimated by 14.2 to 28.4 percentage points compared to random missingness assumptions. Women’s self-reported combat exposure was overestimated by 8.6 to 10.6 percentage points and military sexual assault exposure, by 1.2 to 6.9 percentage points.

Conclusions

Our interventions reduced bias in some characteristics, leaving others unaffected or exacerbated. Regardless of topic, researchers are urged to present estimates that include all three assumptions of missingness.
Individual-specific networks for prediction modelling – A scoping review of methods
Authors: Gregorich Mariella , Melograna Federico , Sunqvist Martina , Michiels Stefan , Van Steen Kristel , Heinze Georg
Published: March 2022

Background

Recent advances in biotechnology enable the acquisition of high-dimensional data on individuals, posing challenges for prediction models which traditionally use covariates such as clinical patient characteristics. Alternative forms of covariate representations for the features derived from these modern data modalities should be considered that can utilize their intrinsic interconnection. The connectivity information between these features can be represented as an individual-specific network defined by a set of nodes and edges, the strength of which can vary from individual to individual. Global or local graph-theoretical features describing the network may constitute potential prognostic biomarkers instead of or in addition to traditional covariates and may replace the often unsuccessful search for individual biomarkers in a high-dimensional predictor space.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review to identify, collate and critically appraise the state-of-art in the use of individual-specific networks for prediction modelling in medicine and applied health research, published during 2000–2020 in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Embase.

Results

Our scoping review revealed the main application areas namely neurology and pathopsychology, followed by cancer research, cardiology and pathology (N = 148). Network construction was mainly based on Pearson correlation coefficients of repeated measurements, but also alternative approaches (e.g. partial correlation, visibility graphs) were found. For covariates measured only once per individual, network construction was mostly based on quantifying an individual’s contribution to the overall group-level structure. Despite the multitude of identified methodological approaches for individual-specific network inference, the number of studies that were intended to enable the prediction of clinical outcomes for future individuals was quite limited, and most of the models served as proof of concept that network characteristics can in principle be useful for prediction.

Conclusion

The current body of research clearly demonstrates the value of individual-specific network analysis for prediction modelling, but it has not yet been considered as a general tool outside the current areas of application. More methodological research is still needed on well-founded strategies for network inference, especially on adequate network sparsification and outcome-guided graph-theoretical feature extraction and selection, and on how networks can be exploited efficiently for prediction modelling.