bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of molding history on molecular orientation relaxation during physical aging of polystyrene injection moldings
Authors: Tao Kousaku , Yamada Koji , Higashi Seiji , Kago Keitaro , Kuwashiro Shiho , Hirano Hiroshi , Takeshita Hiroki , Tokumitsu Katsuhisa
Published: February 2023

This work examined the effect of changing molding conditions on the physical aging of polystyrene injection moldings. First, we investigated the relationship between the molecular orientation and the molding conditions. The molecular orientation near the surface changed with changing injection rate, so we hypothesized that this molecular orientation might form during the filling stage. Because this molecular orientation did not relax under heat treatment below the glass transition temperature (T
g), the oriented molecules near the surface were thought to be elongated owing to the high strain rate during the filling stage. On the other hand, the molecular orientation in the core layer changed with changing holding pressure and relaxed under heat treatment below T
g. Thus, the molecules in the core layer might become oriented during the holding stage and not be elongated owing to the slow strain rate. Furthermore, the molecular orientation in the core layer decreased with increasing mold temperature, and the physical heat resistance improved with increasing mold temperature. Meanwhile, the excess enthalpy did not change with changing molding conditions. Therefore, the improvement in physical heat resistance with increasing mold temperature was likely caused by the decrease in the molecular orientation in the core layer. Analyzing the relaxation behavior of the molecular orientation suggested that increasing mold temperature reduced the number of oriented molecules with large deformation in the core layer.
Crystal structure of aqua(μ2-2,2′,2″-((nitrilo)tris(ethane-2,1-diyl(nitrilo)methylylidene))tris (6-ethoxyphenolato))(pentane-2,4-dionato-κ2
O,O′)-dinickel(II), C38H48N4Ni2O9
Authors: Ha Kwang
Published: February 2023

C38H48N4Ni2O9, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 12.3498(5) Å, b = 13.0376(6) Å, c = 13.2909(5) Å, α = 76.5677(14)°, β = 83.5128(13)°, γ = 62.3638(14)°, V = 1843.95(13) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0308, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0731, T = 223 K.
The form of emotions: the phonetics and morphology of interjections in Hadza
Authors: Andrason Alexander , Harvey Andrew , Griscom Richard
Published: February 2023

The present article provides the first systematic analysis of the formal (phonetic and morphological) facet of interjections in Hadza. By using a prototype-driven approach to an interjective category and drawing on original evidence, the authors demonstrate that Hadza interjections closely comply with an interjective prototype. Hadza interjections meet most prototypical features and the exceptions attested fully match the exceptions that have previously been observed in other languages. Overall, the study corroborates the validity of the prototype postulated in scholarly literature, although certain refinements are also proposed.
Explainable AI for sensor-based sorting systems
Authors: Anneken Mathias , Veerappa Manjunatha , Huber Marco F. , Kühnert Christian , Kronenwett Felix , Maier Georg
Published: February 2023

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) can make machine learning based systems more transparent. This additional transparency can enable the use of machine learning in many different domains. In our work, we show how XAI methods can be applied to an autoencoder for anomaly detection in a sensor-based sorting system. The setup of the sorting system consists of a vibrating feeder, a conveyor belt, a line-scan camera and an array of fast-switching pneumatic valves. It allows the separation of a material stream into two fractions, realizing a binary sorting task. The autoencoder tries to mimic the normal behavior of the nozzle array and thus can detect abnormal behavior. The XAI methods are used to explain the output of the autoencoder. As XAI methods global and local approaches are used, which means we receive explanations for both a single result and the whole autoencoder. Initial results for both approaches are shown, together with possible interpretations of these results.
Thermodynamic control synthesis of spiro[oxindole-3,3′-pyrrolines] via 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition utilizing imidazo[1,5-a]quinoline
Authors: Jaber Areej M. , Zahra Jalal A. , El-Abadelah Mustafa M. , Sabri Salim S. , Sabbah Dua’a S.
Published: February 2023

A series of novel 2-(quinolin-2-yl)-spiro[oxindole-3,3′-pyrrolines] were synthesized by one-pot three-component reaction involving dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, 1-phenylimidazo[1,5-a]quinoline and N-alkylisatins in chloroform at ∼60 °C for 24 h. Structures of these new spiro derivatives were deduced from HRMS and NMR spectral data. A plausible mechanism for the observed thermodynamic control pathway is presented herewith. Interestingly, the spiro adduct, derived from 5-chloro-1-methylisatin, exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity on MCF7, A549 and Hela human cell lines (IC50 ≃ 7 μM).
Early Neolithic flint extraction in south-western Sweden: transregional practices on a local scale
Authors: Högberg Anders , Berggren Åsa , Brink Kristian
Published: February 2023

Recent studies relate the introduction of Early Neolithic flint mining practices to the migration and rapid expansion of agricultural groups from north-western continental Europe into present-day Britain and southern Scandinavia. Here, the authors critically analyse this hypothesis, using a case study from south-western Sweden to demonstrate how transregional processes played out locally with their own dynamics, c. 4000 BC. They conclude that migration and population change only partly can explain what happened during the centuries immediately before and after 4000 BC. Local variation in human-material relationships also needs to be considered.
Kinship practices in Early Iron Age South-east Europe: genetic and isotopic analysis of burials from the Dolge njive barrow cemetery, Dolenjska, Slovenia
Authors: Armit Ian , Fischer Claire-Elise , Koon Hannah , Nicholls Rebecca , Olalde Iñigo , Rohland Nadin , Buckberry Jo , Montgomery Janet , Mason Philip , Črešnar Matija , Büster Lindsey , Reich David
Published: February 2023

The burial of multiple individuals within a single funerary monument invites speculation about the relationships between the deceased: were they chosen on the basis of status, gender or relatedness, for example? Here, the authors present the results of aDNA and isotope analyses conducted on seven individuals from an Early Iron Age barrow at Dolge njive, south-eastern Slovenia. All seven individuals are close biological relatives. While the group composition suggests strict adherence to neither patrilineal nor matrilineal structures, the funerary tradition appears highly gendered, and family links through both the male and female lines seem important in structuring of the community. The results have implications for understanding of kinship and funerary practices in late prehistoric Europe.
EFFECT OF INDIUM DOPING ON STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CADMIUM SULFIDE THIN FILMS
Authors:   Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76101 Qro., México, OLVERA-RIVAS R. , DE MOURE-FLORES F. ,   Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76101 Qro., México, MAYÉN-HERNÁNDEZ S. A. ,   Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76101 Qro., México, QUIÑONES-GALVAN J. ,   Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421 C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jal., México, CENTENO A. ,   Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421 C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jal., México, SOSA-DOMÍNGUEZ A. ,   Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76101 Qro., México, SANTOS-CRUZ J. ,   Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76101 Qro., México
Published: February 2023

Indium doped CdS thin films, with different In/CdS ratios, were fabricated employing chemical bath deposition technique. The incorporation of indium was carried out in the first stages of the process. The effects of In-doping on structural, surface, optical and electrical properties were determined using X-Ray Diffraction (DRX), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), UV-VIS Spectroscopy and Hall Measurements respectively. XRD studies showed cubic structures for all samples and that In3+ ions where incorporated into the lattice substitutionally at low concentration, and interstitially at high concentration. SEM measurements revealed that films morphology was unaffected by indium doping. The transmittance of In doped films was above 70% for all samples and the calculated band gap was between 2.32 and 2.44 eV. The electrical properties show an increment in carrier concentration from 1.3 x 1015 cm-3 to 2 x 1016 cm-3 and decrease in the resistivity from 2.13 x 1016 Ω to 1.5 x 1015 Ω due to indium doping.
EFFECT OF COMPLEXING AGENTS ON PROPERTIES AND STABILITY OF FeS2 NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Materiales I, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, RETANA F. , KHARISSOV B. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Materiales I, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, PEÑA Y. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Materiales I, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, GÓMEZ I. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Materiales I, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, SERRANO T. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Materiales I, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
Published: February 2023

FeS2 nanoparticles were prepared by microwave method using tri-sodium citrate and sodium tartrate as complexing agents to study their effect on the optical properties and stability for 21 days without special storage conditions. FeS2 nanoparticles showed absorption in the visible range with a single-phase of cubic pyrite and crystallite size around 17.5 ± 2.92 nm. Moreover, nanoparticles showed a low photoluminescence intensity. The FT-IR spectra indicate the presence of chemical bonds around the nanoparticles. FE-SEM images showed spherical shape and size distribution in the range of 15-30 nm depending on the complexing agent. The use of complexing agents modifies the size and shape of FeS2 nanoparticles influencing the tuning of absorption and emission spectra through a period of time.
SYNTHESIS OF CuInSe2(CIS) NANOSHEETS BY TWO LIQUID PHASE METHODS AND PHOTOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF CIS THIN FILMS
Authors:   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, CHEN X. L. , WANG X. J. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, HUANG X. ,   Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China, ZHAO Z. L. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, BAI L. Z. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, LIANG W. J. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, MA Y. L. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China
Published: February 2023

Taking the all-green synthesis of copper indium selenium (CIS) material as the research purpose, we took Vitamin C (Vc) as a reducing agent and triethylene glycol (TEG) as a solvent to synthesize copper indium selenium(CIS) materials by solvothermal method and hot injection method, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the two synthetic methods. The dosage of Vc used in the two preparation methods was investigated, the process and mechanism of the chemical reaction were explained, and the thin film of the synthesized product was prepared and characterized. The experimental results showed that both liquid phase methods can be used to synthesize the single-phase chalcopyrite CIS nanosheets, and the performance of the product synthesized by the hot injection method was superior to that by the solvothermal method. The copper-poor structure Cu0.9In0.94Se2 nanosheets with a band gap of 1.06 eV were synthesized by hot injection method. The carrier concentration and carrier mobility of the thin film prepared by the product synthesized by the hot injection method reached 1.08×1016 cm-3 and 120.62 cm2 V -1 S -1 , respectively. The results showed that using Vc as a reducing agent, both liquid phase methods could be applied to produce single-phase chalcopyrite CIS nanosheets, which could achieve the universal use of Vc in liquid phase synthesis of CIS materials. Moreover, the products synthesized by hot injection method were more conducive to the preparation of high-performance thin films.
STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF Fe-DOPED SnS THIN FILMS
Authors:   PG & Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), JANAKIRAMAN V. , TAMILNAYAGAM V. ,   Department of Ph, SUNDARARAJAN R. S. ,   PG & Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), SIVABALAN S. ,   Department of Physics, T.B.M.L. College, Porayar 609307, Tamilnadu, India, SATHYASEELAN B. ,   Department of Physics, University College of Engineering Arni (A Constituent College of Anna University Chennai) Arni 632326, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2023

SnS could have novel applications in optoelectronics including solar cell devices, sensors, batteries and also in biomedical sciences. Fe-doped SnS thin films were prepared on glass substrates using chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method. Pure and Fe-doped SnS thin films were deposited onto microscopic glass substrates using the spray pyrolysis technique. The precursors of SnCl2·2H2O (0.1 M) and thiourea (0.1 M) were dissolved separately in a solution containing deionised water and isopropyl alcohol in proper ratio. Equal volumes of these two solutions were mixed together and sprayed onto the microscopic glass substrates at a substrate temperature of 450⁰C. Fe was doped with SnS thin films using FeCl3 (5 at.%, 7 at.%, 9 at.%, and 11 at.%) as the dopant source. Structural, optical, vibrational, structural, morphological properties were studied.
NLRP3 inflammasome activation, metabolic danger signals, and protein binding partners
Authors: Leu Sy-Ying , Tsang Yi-Ling , Ho Li-Chun , Yang Ching-Chun , Shao Ai-Ning , Chang Chia-Yu , Lin Hui-Kuan , Tsai Pei-Jane , Sung Junne-Ming , Tsai Yau-Sheng
Published: February 2023

The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an oligomeric complex that assembles in response to exogenous signals of pathogen infection and endogenous danger signals of non-microbial origin. When NLRP3 inflammasome assembly activates caspase-1, it promotes the maturation and release of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1B and IL-18. Aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in various diseases, including chronic inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. The NLRP3 inflammasome can be activated through several principal mechanisms, including K+ efflux, lysosomal damage, and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, metabolic danger signals activate the NLRP3 inflammasome to induce metabolic diseases. NLRP3 contains three crucial domains: an N-terminal pyrin domain, a central nucleotide-binding domain, and a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain. Protein–protein interactions act as a ‘pedal or brake’ to control the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this review, we present the mechanisms underlying NLRP3 inflammasome activation after induction by metabolic danger signals or via protein–protein interactions with NLRP3 that likely occur in metabolic diseases. Understanding these mechanisms will enable the development of specific inhibitors to treat NLRP3-related metabolic diseases.
Sombra del agujero negro de Schwarzschild
Authors: Villegas Fulgencio
Published: February 2023

En este trabajo se estudia la sombra del agujero negro de Schwarzschild en forma analítica. Entendiéndose por sombra de un objeto la forma que tiene dicho objeto en el espacio, visto por un observador cuando se considera únicamente las propiedades del espacio-tiempo. Para encontrar la solución analítica usamos la ecuación de Hamilton-Jacobi, el método de separación de variables y la introducción de una cantidad conservada tipo Carter. Para la determinación de las órbitas de radio constante se usará los parámetros de impacto y las coordenadas celestes.
Фізико-хімічний інститут ім. О.В. Богатського НАН України — перший академічний інститут Одеси
Authors: Кузьмін Віктор Євгенович , Шабанов Євген Васильович
Published: February 2023

Статтю присвячено підсумкам 45-річної діяльності Фізико-хімічного інституту ім. О.В. Богатського НАН України — провідного науково-дослідного центру в галузі органічної та біоорганічної хімії, хімічного матеріалознавства, медичної та супрамолекулярної хімії, хемоінформатики.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM BANK SAMPAH SERASI WILAYAH VILA DAGO RW 21 BENDA BARU PAMULANG TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Maulziandra Akmal
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine participation and benefits in the management of the Serasi Garbage Bank with the formulation of the problem: (1) How does public participation in the management of the Serasi Garbage Bank in Dago Benda Baru Pamulang South Tangerang  (2) What are the benefits of the Serasi Garbage Bank in the Dago Benda Baru Pamulang Tangerang area South. The research methodology conducted by researchers is research conducted through a descriptive qualitative approach. Qualitative research is research that produces analytical procedures that do not use statistical analysis procedures or other quantitative methods, namely data obtained in the form of words, images and behavior. Through the Serasi Garbage Bank program, is a program that establishes and invites the community to manage household waste properly, the Serasi Garbage Bank program is an individual and collective waste management system with the principle of recycling cooperation with business partners.The benefits of managing the Serasi Garbage Bank, on the social aspects of the community, are concerned about waste and the environment. Economic aspects are still relatively small or a little income from weighing but can be an added value for the community. This aspect of the environment becomes cleaner, more beautiful and safer.
PERAN YAYASAN ANAK DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN KESEHATAN DAN EKONOMI DI KALANGAN PEKERJA SEKS PEREMPUAN
Authors: Zafirah Defa Tsamara , Ratnasari WG Pramita
Published: February 2023

The problems faced by Female Sex Workers (FSWs) are low economic problems, vulnerability to HIV/AIDS or STIs, and not having other decent work options. Yayasan Anak dan Perempuan (YAP) is a foundation that assists FSWs in North Jakarta to change their social, health, and economic conditions. This study aims to describe the roles of YAP, the results of empowerment, and identify inhibiting and supporting factors in the health and economic empowerment among FSWs through the HIV/AIDS Program and the Economic and Education Program. This study used a qualitative research method, purposive sampling technique, data mining through observations, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that YAP plays facilitative roles, educational roles, representational roles, and technical roles in health and economic empowerment among FSWs. The results of empowerment in the fields of education and health are considered optimal, while in the spiritual and economic fields are considered not optimal. Several factors that hindered YAP in empowering PSP are there is no provision of religious education, no further training regarding tips for maintaining and developing a business, etc. Supporting factors, include: mentoring is carried out by staff who have the same experience as FSWs, etc.
PROBLEMATIKA STIGMA BURUK DAN INTOLERANSI ANAK "PUNK"
Authors: Nabila Nur Hana Putri
Published: February 2023

Religious moderation is one of the keys to creating tolerance and harmony. In a multicultural society like Indonesia, which has the largest Muslim population in the world, religious moderation is important. Religious moderation strives so that religious people are expected to treat others well, accept differences, and live together in peace and harmony. However, religious moderation in Islam is still lacking and there is a low sense of tolerance in society. One of them is that punk children are always underestimated when carrying out worship. Not only that. when they do good they are always suspected and underestimated. Therefore, the research method used is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects in this study, namely the founder of Underground Tasawuf, namely Ustad Halim Ambiya, punk children, and street children who have settled in Underground Tasawuf. Data sourced from primary data and secondary data. The results of the study show that the implementation of religious moderation plays an important role in punk and street children after being educated through the Underground Sufism community.
Persistent Elevation of Troponin I in a Pediatric Patient Resulting From Macrotroponin Complex
Authors: Harberg Matthew R. , Al-Mousily Mohammad F. , Akter Tanjina , Babic Nikolina , Jackson Lanier B.
Published: February 2023

Although chest pain is a common chief complaint among pediatric patients, cardiac pathology historically has accounted for a small percentage of cases. However, the emergence of COVID-19 and particularly its potential for leading to multisystem inflammatory syndrome has changed the threshold for the evaluation of cardiac etiologies of chest pain. This evaluation often includes measurement of the serum cardiac troponin I level. We present a case of a 16-year-old male athlete who presented to an outside emergency department with chest pain and was found to have elevated serum troponin I levels. Despite sports restriction, his troponin level remained elevated for months in the absence of other clinical findings and he was subsequently referred to our outpatient pediatric cardiology clinic. Further laboratory evaluation revealed that, in addition to troponin I, the assay measured an immune complex of uncertain significance formed by anti-troponin I antibodies bound to troponin I, known as macrotroponin. Delayed clearance of this complex from the bloodstream can result in overestimation of troponin I levels that can affect clinical management and create anxiety for our patients and their families. Macrotroponin complex deserves increased recognition among the research and clinical communities, especially in the pediatric realm.
Influence of work and family environment on burnout among emergency medical technicians
Authors: Haruna Junpei , Uemura Shuji , Taguchi Yukiko , Muranaka Saori , Niiyama Sachi , Inamura Hirotoshi , Sawamoto Keigo , Mizuno Hirotoshi , Narimatsu Eichi
Published: February 2023

Objective Burnout among emergency medical technicians is a serious problem affecting delivery of quality emergency medical services. Although the repetitive nature of the job and lower education level requirements for technicians have been reported as risk factors, little is known about the influence of burden of responsibility, degree of supervisor support, and home environment on burnout among emergency medical technicians. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that burden of responsibility, degree of supervisor support, and home environment increase burnout probability.Methods A web-based survey was conducted among emergency medical technicians in Hokkaido, Japan from July 26, 2021 to September 13, 2021. A total of 21 facilities were randomly selected from 42 fire stations. Prevalence of burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout-Human Services Survey Inventory (MBI-HSS). Burden of responsibility was measured using a visual analog scale. Occupational background was also measured. Supervisor support was measured using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ). Family-work negative spillover was measured using the Japanese version of Survey Work–Home Interaction–NijmeGen (SWING). The cutoff value for burnout syndrome was defined as emotional exhaustion≥27 and/or depersonalization≥10.Results A total of 700 survey respondents were included, and 27 surveys with missing data were excluded. The suspected burnout frequency was 25.6%. Covariates were adjusted using multilevel logistic regression model analysis. Low supervisor support (odds ratio, 1.421; 95% confidence interval, 1.136–1.406; P<0.001) and high family-work negative spillover (odds ratio, 1.264; 95% confidence interval, 1.285–1.571; P<0.001) were independent factors associated with higher probability of burnout.Conclusion This study indicated that focusing on improvement of supervisor support for emergency medical technicians and creating supportive home environments may assist in reducing burnout frequency.
The integrative feedback tool: assessing a novel feedback tool among emergency medicine residents
Authors: Gore Katarzyna M. , Schiebout Jessen , Peksa Gary D. , Hock Sara , Patwari Rahul , Gottlieb Michael
Published: February 2023

Objective Feedback is critical to the growth of learners. However, feedback quality can be variable in practice. Most feedback tools are generic, with few targeting emergency medicine. We created a feedback tool designed for emergency medicine residents, and this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this tool.Methods This was a single-center, prospective cohort study comparing feedback quality before and after introducing a novel feedback tool. Residents and faculty completed a survey after each shift assessing feedback quality, feedback time, and the number of feedback episodes. Feedback quality was assessed using a composite score from seven questions, which were each scored 1 to 5 points (minimum total score, 7 points; maximum, 35 points). Preintervention and postintervention data were analyzed using a mixed-effects model that took into account the correlation of random effects between study participants.Results Residents completed 182 surveys and faculty members completed 158 surveys. The use of the tool was associated with improved consistency in the summative score of effective feedback attributes as assessed by residents (P=0.040) but not by faculty (P=0.259). However, most of the individual scores for attributes of good feedback did not reach statistical significance. With the tool, residents perceived that faculty spent more time providing feedback (P=0.040) and that the delivery of feedback was more ongoing throughout the shift (P=0.020). Faculty felt that the tool allowed for more ongoing feedback (P=0.002), with no perceived increase in the time spent delivering feedback (P=0.833).Conclusion The use of a dedicated tool may help educators provide more meaningful and frequent feedback without impacting the perceived required time needed to provide feedback.
A clinical approach to an unidentified aerosolized bioterrorism agent: a narrative review for emergency providers
Authors: Alremeithi Rashed , Sullivan Natalie , Checkeye Hannah , Mazer-Amirshahi Maryann , Pourmand Ali
Published: February 2023

The current heightened international political climate is accompanied by increased risk of chemical or biological agent weaponization. Historical accounts of biochemical warfare are extensive, and considering the recent use of such agents for targeted attacks, clinicians need to recognize and manage these cases. However, agent properties such as the color, odor, ability to be aerosolized, and long incubation period can introduce difficulties in the diagnostic and management approach. We searched PubMed and Scopus for a colorless, odorless, aerosolized substance with an incubation period of at least 4 hours. Data from articles were summarized and reported by agent. Based on data from the available literature, we included agents such as nerve agents, ricin, botulinum toxin, anthrax, tularemia, and psittacosis in this review. We also highlighted potential chemical and biological agents that could be weaponized and the optimal strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of patients exposed to an unknown aerosolized biological or chemical bioterrorism agent.
Targeted temperature management with hypothermia for comatose patients after cardiac arrest
Authors: Callaway Clifton W.
Published: February 2023

Targeted temperature management with mild hypothermia (TTM-hypothermia; 32–34 °C) is a treatment strategy for adult patients who are comatose after cardiac arrest. Robust preclinical data support the beneficial effects of hypothermia beginning within 4 hours of reperfusion and maintained during the several days of postreperfusion brain dysregulation. TTM-hypothermia increased survival and functional recovery after adult cardiac arrest in several trials and in realworld implementation studies. TTM-hypothermia also benefits neonates with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. However, larger and methodologically more rigorous adult trials do not detect benefit. Reasons for inconsistency of adult trials include the difficulty delivering differential treatment between randomized groups within 4 hours and the use of shorter durations of treatment. Furthermore, adult trials enrolled populations that vary in illness severity and brain injury, with individual trials enriched for higher or lower illness severity. There are interactions between illness severity and treatment effect. Current data indicate that TTM-hypothermia implemented quickly for adult patients after cardiac arrest, may benefit select patients at risk of severe brain injury but not benefit other patients. More data are needed on how to identify treatment-responsive patients and on how to titrate the timing and duration of TTM-hypothermia.
Zur Inszenierung von kritischen Kompetenzen in Nischenöffentlichkeiten
Authors: Waldecker David , Hoffmann Dagmar
Published: February 2023

Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich der Analyse von Unboxing- und Review-Videos auf der Plattform YouTube, die sich vornehmlich mit dem Testen von Konsumtechnik beschäftigen. Die Videos zeigen das Auspacken und das Ausprobierens von Produkten, die Begutachtung ihrer Funktions- und Gebrauchsweisen und die Überprüfung ihrer Gebrauchsversprechen. Die Tests führen keine formal qualifizierten Warentester:innen durch, sondern in der Regel Nutzer:innen, die sich darauf spezialisiert haben. Unboxing- und Review-Videos können insofern als Element der Selbstinszenierung und -vermarktung von (pseudo-)privaten Praktiken des Auspackens und des Bewertens verstanden werden. Im Folgenden interessieren wir uns für das Testen und Bewerten von Smart Speakern, die im häuslichen Bereich zum Einsatz kommen. Im Sinne einer Sociology of Conventions and Testing (Potthast, 2017; Boltanski/Thévenot, 2007) wird anhand eines Fallvergleichs auf inhaltlicher Ebene danach gefragt, welche Aspekte der Geräte angesprochen werden und auf ästhetischer Ebene, wie das Entpacken und Testen der Geräte von den YouTuber:innen inszeniert und in die Logik der Videoplattform eingebettet wird. Der Beitrag stellt zudem dar, inwieweit Nutzungsbedingungen und insbesondere etwaige Datenschutzproblematiken, wie sie im öffentlichen Diskurs zumeist kritisch verhandelt und zuweilen auch in Werbespots thematisiert werden, in den Reviews zwischen einer Kritik und der Anpreisung der Produkte aufgegriffen werden. Zugleich wird untersucht, wie sich die Produzierenden inszenieren.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS: POLICY PRESCRIPTION DURING THE ERA OF PANDEMICS
Authors:   University of Northern Colorado, USA, Harraf Abe , Lightfoot Jay M. ,   University of Northern Colorado, USA, Cole Adam ,   University of Northern Colorado, USA
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in global supply chains that have resulted in prolonged shortages and financial hardships for many corporations. While organizations have dealt with supply chain interruptions for natural disasters and stock market crashes before, the COVID-19 pandemic presented a larger and unique challenge, and it required the need for resiliency in supply chains. This paper discusses several alternatives that can mitigate potential supply chain disruptions. Despite the natural inclination to protect domestic companies and industries, this paper cautions against the use of protectionism policies to prevent supply chain disruptions, as protectionism is proven to be damaging to innovation and eliminates the positive aspects of international trade and globalization. The paper recommends that governments and corporations establish strategically designed and aligned public-private partnerships that simultaneously encourage the principles of the free-market economy while providing increased preparation for supply chain disruptions caused by future global events. We further attest that Public-private partnerships will increase supply chain resiliency while simultaneously enhancing public welfare.
The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in South Africa with Specific Reference to Rural Development
Authors:   University of Limpopo, South Africa, Makofane Happines Refilwe , Selepe Martinus ,   University of Limpopo, South Africa
Published: February 2023

The study aims to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) because there is no discussion of poverty, equality, or development today that will be complete without considering the role of NGOs. NGOs are visible, respected, and entrenched in part of many societies. The successes of the NGOs in providing health care, education, economic opportunities, and human rights advocacy to millions of people, shows diversity in terms of their organizational form, structure, and culture. The decentralization of governments and scaling back of social spending advocated by international financial institutions and large aid-donor organizations throughout the last decades have created considerable space for NGOs and made them key figures in a wide range of social sectors. The findings of the study are that NGOs range from service-oriented, community-based initiatives operating around only one project to advocacy NGOs, intermediary NGOs to developmental NGOs. The key finding is the identification of ten successful NGOs, which play a significant role in developing communities in South Africa. The study found out the structures, significance, challenges, and benefits of NGOs in developing countries. The researcher has used the conceptual approach and relied heavily on secondary sources to get the relevant literature to achieve the overall goal of the study.
SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING AND ITS INFLUENCE ON BRAND LOYALTY TOWARDS FAST FASHION BRANDS AMONG VIETNAMESE MILLENNIALS
Authors:   HELP University, Malaysia, Van Trinh Thi Hong , Fah Chung Tin ,   HELP University, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

In an experience-driven world, social media increasingly influences Vietnamese consumers in how they behave, perceive brands, and purchase decision-making, especially millennial consumers. Hence, fast fashion brands have transformed networking sites into an ideal marketing instrument to accelerate their penetration into the Vietnam market. The main purpose of this study is to illuminate the relationship between Social Media Marketing and Brand Loyalty towards fast fashion brands among Vietnamese millennials, underpinned the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model. The secondary purpose is to explore whether Social Media Marketing would be indirectly associated with Brand Loyalty through Brand Trust, Brand Image, and Self-Congruence. This study adopts a quantitative research approach and a cross-sectional research design. Using non-probability sampling, 268 valid responses are obtained from participants aged 26 to 41. As a result, the findings shed light on how social media marketing positively affected brand loyalty through the mediating effect of brand trust, brand image, and self-congruence. It contributes to the existing literature with four critical outcomes, broadening the theoretical scope of online consumer behavior. These findings are beneficial for fast fashion brands, marketers, and practitioners in emerging countries to develop and strengthen millennial customers’ loyalty.
Dietary Supplement Use in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–March 2020
Authors: Mishra Suruchi , Gahche Jaime , Ogden Cynthia , Dimeler Melissa , Potischman Nancy , Ahluwalia Namanjeet
Published: February 2023

This report presents prevalence estimates for dietary supplement use, number of dietary supplements used, and frequency of use for the most commonly used dietary supplements in the United States.
Dyskusje polskich historyków (krajowych) wokół biografistyki – między „odwilżą” a upadkiem PRL
Authors: Krasucki Eryk
Published: February 2023

In the Polish People’s Republic, there was a heated discussion about biography studies, especially after 1956, when the agenda from the co-called “Otwock directives” was abolished. It was once again possible to expand historical reflections to include people and their unique contribution to the shape of the history. Marxist guidelines, however, were not abandoned totally. The most pressing issue was to find a method that would on the one hand satisfy historians, and, on the other, be acceptable to the country’s authorities. Many solutions were suggested and this paper focuses on them. The starting point is the reflections included in editorials in “Kwartalnik Historyczny”, “Dzieje Najnowsze” and other periodicals. As the matter of fact, the meaning of discussions in the communist era goes beyond the historical dimension and encourages the reflection on contemporary biography studies.
Roman Zambrowski. Biografia komunisty – źródła i metodologia badań
Authors: Szumiło Mirosław
Published: February 2023

The example of the biography of Roman Zambrowski is used to highlight the troubles with recreating the story and views of the Polish communist. First of all, the base of sources for such work must be characterised, especially the Comintern archives, memoirs and personal accounts. Discussing the specific content of Polish communists’ personal files drawn up in Moscow is essential. Moreover, I will also discuss the biography as a pretext to outline the political environment, i.e. a group of communist activists from the “Polish Communist Party generation”, through the perspective of Zambrowski’s life.
Care trajectories of COVID-19 patients: from preventive measures to rehabilitation
Authors: Almeida Patty Fidelis de , Casotti Elisete , Silvério Rafaela Fidelis Lima
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the care trajectories of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were hospitalized and are currently undergoing rehabilitation regarding their use of and access to the healthcare network (HN). An evaluative, qualitative study was carried out based on interviews with patients in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The care trajectories were reconstructed at three different occasions that express their experiences with the healthcare and support network during the pandemic: prevention, support and diagnosis measures; hospitalization; post-COVID-19 care, rehabilitation and support. The results indicate that the main source of information about COVID-19 was TV newscasts. Preventive hygiene measures were the most widely adopted. The family was the main support network. There was no waiting time for admission to the municipal referral hospital. Hospitalization was very well evaluated in terms of user embracement, multidisciplinary care, virtual visits and daily contact between doctor and family members. A post-discharge “care vacuum” was identified, with no follow-up by primary health care (PHC) and other public services. Low-cost health insurance plans and private specialized post-COVID-19 services were frequently and spontaneously sought until the implementation of the rehabilitation service. In summary, solitary and discontinuous care trajectories of individuals and families shed light on several challenges to the health system, including guaranteed access to coordinated PHC and expanded offer of specialized public services and rehabilitation, aligned with the principles of humanized care, in addition to the maintenance of social support measures.
Nexo Entre a Climatologia de Precipitação e as Ocorrências de Incêndios em Vegetação nos Municípios ao Longo da Rodovia CE-060 - Região de Interesse Econômico do Estado do Ceará
Authors: Silva Emerson Mariano da , Vasconcelos Felipe Lima , Costa Alexandre Araújo
Published: February 2023

Resumo Esse trabalho apresenta uma análise da relação entre a climatologia das chuvas e as ocorrências de incêndios em vegetação nos municípios do Estado do Ceará no entorno da Rodovia CE-060 (Maracanaú, Pacatuba, Guaiuba, Redenção, Acarape, Aracoiaba e Baturité), rota que vai da capital Fortaleza/CE até o município de Baturité/CE (área de Proteção Ambiental da Serra de Baturité), região de interesse econômico do Estado do Ceará. Foram analisadas as ocorrências de incêndios utilizando os dados do programa BDQueimadas do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE e correlacionadas com os dados de precipitação obtidos nas Plataformas de Coletas de Dados (PCD) da Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos (FUNCEME). Os resultados mostram que a prática das queimadas nestas regiões ocorre com maiores intensidades no segundo semestre do ano (período seco da região), fato que explica a baixa correlação estatística entre o total de precipitação acumulada e total de focos de incêndio observados na região. Em adição, observa-se que a ocorrência de focos de incêndios em vegetação no período que antecipa a estação chuvosa, devido a prática da limpeza de áreas para o plantio, encontra condições atmosféricas que contribui para grandes incêndios em vegetação nestas regiões.
Trajetória dos 15 anos de implementação do Programa Saúde na Escola no Brasil
Authors: Fernandes Lucas Agustinho , Shimizu Helena Eri , Prado Neto Priscila Fernandes do , Cavalcante Fabiana Vieira Santos Azevedo , Silva Juliana Rezende Melo da , Parente Raphael Câmara Medeiros
Published: February 2023

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a evolução da implementação do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) ao longo dos 15 anos no Brasil. Utilizou-se a abordagem metodológica mista, envolvendo a combinação de análise documental e estudo ecológico com dados secundários de 2007 a 2021 registrados no processo histórico de implementação do PSE no Brasil. Observou-se que, nesses 15 anos, o PSE avançou não somente impactando expressivamente no percentual de municípios que aderiram ao Programa, mas também na sua estrutura e formatação, tendo o território como principal lócus do seu desenvolvimento e a articulação entre saúde e educação como a estratégia propulsora de arranjos locais. Ademais, o modelo de gestão intersetorial do PSE auxilia a articulação das redes de saúde e de educação de forma interfederativa. Portanto, esta análise histórica dá um panorama da saúde escolar no Brasil sob o prisma do PSE e provê a perspectiva de aprimoramento necessária para a continuidade sustentável e qualificada do Programa.
Abrangência do Programa Saúde na Escola em Vitória de Santo Antão-PE
Authors: Andrade Priscila Maria da Cruz , Silva Rayane Tamyres da , Pereira Taline de Paiva , Silva Bruno Rafael Vieira Souza , Santiago Ladyodeyse da Cunha Silva , Lorena Sobrinho José Eudes de , Cardoso Mirian Domingos
Published: February 2023

RESUMO A pesquisa objetivou descrever, por meio de um estudo de avaliação, o alcance do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) em Vitória de Santo Antão-PE, no ano de 2016. Os dados foram coletados entre outubro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017, mediante fonte documental das Secretarias Municipal de Saúde, de Educação e da Gerência Regional de Educação. O município apresentou 52 escolas cadastradas, e 26 realizaram alguma atividade referente ao programa. As ações englobaram atividades do componente I, como, por exemplo, ‘Avaliação antropométrica’, ‘Verificação da situação vacinal’, ‘Promoção e avaliação da saúde bucal’. As temáticas do componente II também foram verificadas, como ‘Promoção das práticas corporais e atividade física’, ‘Ações de segurança alimentar e alimentação saudável’, ‘Promoção da saúde ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável’, com foco nas arboviroses. O quantitativo de ações na zona urbana foi superior quando comparada a área rural. Um bom número de escolas cadastradas contrastando com a baixa ativação (implementação) do PSE ou, ainda, um alcance ‘muito ruim’ dos estudantes permearam as respostas da pesquisa, possibilitando a solidificação de subsídios para o surgimento de questionamentos essenciais às novas intervenções nesse campo de pesquisa e fornecendo outros conhecimentos sobre o programa para o público geral.
An analysis of the work process of health and education professionals in the PSE
Authors: Gonçalves Paloma Dantas Silva , Ferreira Suiane Costa , Rossi Thaís Regis Aranha
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Studies contribute to the School Health Program. However, only some investigate the work process of professionals to understand the possible conformation of intersectoral and integrated projects, or technologies as mediators in work practices. The present study sought to analyze the practices of professionals in a Family Health Unit/Primary Health Care unit in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. This qualitative case study involved a Primary Health Care unit and four schools. The data collection procedures comprised semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and participant observation. The analysis categories were built from the theoretical framework of the health work process by Mendes Gonçalves. The results showed: weak partnership relationships between agents; professionals’ perception of the object of work, predominantly identifying diseases and preponderant clinical knowledge vis-à-vis the knowledge of collective health. Health actions gathered the agents, but they presented hegemonic, disjointed, sectoral practices, focused on the disease, and conducted mainly through lectures. No integrated and intersectoral projects or educational technology as an additional resource in the work practices were observed. The products deriving from the participation of all will improve articulation between the professionals working in these spaces.