bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«ПОЛЕ» У МОВІ РОСІЙСЬКОГО ФОЛЬКЛОРУ
Authors: Климова Е. В.
Published: December 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню репрезентації концепту «поле» у мові російського фольклору. Особлива увага приділяється етимології імені концепту, аналізу семантики слова «поле» та його етимону «полый» у давньоруській мові, визначаються їхні базові семи: ‘відкритість’, ‘свобода’, ‘порожнеча’. Двома основними лексико-семантичними варіантами лексеми «поле» визнаються значення ‘безліса рівнина’ й ‘оброблювана ділянка землі’, які корелюють із двома умовно антонімічними значеннями слова «полый»: ‘відкритий навстіж’ і ‘порожній усередині’. На матеріалі текстів ліричної та обрядової поезії, чарівної казки й замовляння здійснюється верифікація тези щодо проміжного положення поля на семіотичних шкалах «дім – ліс» і «свій – чужий простір», виявляються кореляції даних опозицій за значеннями слів «поле» й «полый». Виділяються й аналізуються сюжетно-тематичні групи контекстів, що містять ім’я концепту та його функційні еквіваленти у варіантах одного твору або у різних творах, визначаються подібність і специфіка репрезентацій концепту в розглянутих фольклорних жанрах. Досліджуються семантика й функції постійного епітету «чистое». Виявляється структура фольклорного концепту «поле»: він являє собою гіперконцепт, що містить два взаємопов’язані субконцепти – поле окультурене й дике. Єдність гіперконцепту забезпечується реалізацією в обох субконцептах базових сем імені концепту, стійким зв’язком із семантикою межі – в аспектах обмеженості або межовості, а також уживанням постійного епітету «чистое» зі словом «поле» в усіх його мовних і фольклорних значеннях.
ДИВЕРГЕНЦІЇ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО РУХУ (ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ РАДИКАЛІЗМ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ ТЕРОРИЗМ) КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ПОЛІТОЛОГІЧНОГО ВИМІРУ
Authors: Калюжна Ю. І.
Published: December 2020

The article attempts to analyze theoretically the socio-political phenomenon of «environmental terrorism». Complex of global environmental problems (pollution of air, water, soil, common planetary temperature increase, greenhouse effect, destruction of the ozone layer, large-scale floods, droughts, hurricanes, reduction of biological diversity, scarcity of natural resources, rapid demographic growth, cities crisis, environmental refugees, anthropogenic (man-made) garbage collapse, etc.) correlates with the radicalization of environmental views and the rhetoric of peaceful meetings and pickets of government institutions, corporations and international organizations are being replaced by firing from firearms, laying bombs, arson, namely terrorist acts. In today’s world conditions, in the fight for environmental issues solutions, for the right of every person to a clean environment and a fair distribution of resources, environmental views are transformed increasingly into extremism and radicalism, and thus, eco-activists cross the border and become eco-terrorists.

The author of the article emphasizes that in the modern scientific space there is a significant lack of research material on the issues of environmental terrorism, which significantly complicates theoretical studying and the search for methodological tools for understanding this socio-political phenomenon. In his search for the keys to understanding of «environmental terrorism», the author turns to the evolution of the environmental movement (which has been developing along two main directions: the institutionalization of the environmental movement and the politicization of the environmental movement) and notes that at some stage of the evolutionary development of the ecological movement, divergences arise in the form of extremism and radicalism of environmental movements, which became the basis of environmental terrorism. Theoretical analysis of the activities of environmental terrorist organizations, including the Deep Green Resistance, the Huntingdon Society for the Suppression of Cruelty to Animals (Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty), the Animal Liberation Front (Animal Liberation Front) and the Earth Liberation Front (Earth Liberation Front), also Earth Above All, Sea Shepherds and others, allows to assert that the increasing feelings of anxiety, helplessness and inevitability of ecological catastrophe on a planetary scale, total disappointment in political institutes and activities of international environmental organizations, «false news and rumors, pseudoscientific beliefs, turned into myths, mad populism, outdated and new group phobias, extremism and all this in hysterically transformational communities is turned into a theoretical basis and a trigger for violence» and becomes «nutritious» substance for the environmental terrorism.
ВПЛИВ РЕЛІГІЙНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ НА ДЕРЖАВОТВОРЕННЯ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ СУСПІЛЬНИХ ЗМІН В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Коновальчук П. І.
Published: December 2020

У статті обґрунтовано особливості та доцільність впливу релігійних організацій на процеси державотворення в умовах сучасних суспільно-політичних змін в Україні. Проаналізовано історично-суспільну сутність релігії. Виділено основні положення щодо суспільно-політичної спрямованості діяльності церкви в соціально-історичному контексті та в сучасних умовах. Розглянуто етапи становлення церкви як соціального інституту в демократичному суспільстві, відмінності між суб’єктивною (ставлення до Бога) та об’єктивною (історична реальність) релігіями. Розкрито підходи до аналізу питань взаємозалежності релігії та політики. Уточнено можливі варіанти взаємовідносин влади та церкви в контексті різних політичних устроїв. Наголошено на значимості та авторитетності церкви в пошуку взаємоприйнятих рішень у багатьох проблемних ситуаціях в умовах гібридної війни.

Конкретизовано поняття «легітимність» як важливу ознаку демократичної влади, символ довіри, уявлення, що існують у свідомості громадян та ґрунтуються на законності влади, визнанні громадянами прав та обов’язків як її керівників, так і своїх. Проаналізовано типи легітимності державної влади. Виділено чинники впливу релігійних організацій на державотворення в Україні. Розглянуто функції церкви як соціального інституту в демократичному суспільстві. Окреслено основні напрями оптимізації впливу релігійних організацій на державотворення: утвердження позицій Автокефальної Української Помісної Церкви; подолання міжконфесійних конфліктів; подальше позитивне вирішення українського релігійного питання на міжнародному рівні; законодавчого уточнення статусу церкви в суспільно-політичних процесах; формування політично-релігійної складової суспільства. Підтверджено ефективність взаємодії релігійних та державних інституцій у розбудові країни, прийняття важливих політичних рішень на спільній основі.
Conjecturing with some Conjectures
Authors: Rangasamy Balasubramani Prema
Published: December 2020

This world has been seeing so many conjectures from the formation of this world. Particularly, mathematics world has been seeing so many conjectures from the civilization of this world, also venturing through on it. So many Indians, Chinese and Arabian scholars provided their participation in mathematics world. Since before Euclid so many mathematicians ventured on numbers, geometry, astronomy, etc... in number theory, there are so many conjectures like applications of GCD, Fermat Last theorem, Euler’s totient function, Gold Bach conjecture, ABC conjecture, etc... some of this has been proved but so many of that still has not been proved. In this paper, I try to prove Gold Bach conjecture, stating abc conjecture for composite numbers, and try to deliver some conjectures.
PROSPECTS FOR CREATING DISCRETE-REINFORCED ARMOR COMPOSITES BY EXPLOSION WELDING
Authors: Kuz’min V. I. , Lysak V. I. , Kuz’min S. V. , Kuz’min E. V. , Kharlamov V. O. , Melnikov Ya. V.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of research on the creation of discrete-reinforced composite armor (DAC) by explosion welding. The advantages of new-generation composite armor and comparative data with the best analogues of domestic bullet-proof vests and armor panels are presented. Based on the results of ballistic tests, it was found that the DAC armor corresponds to the level of protection for class 5, i.e. it is not penetrated by bullets of increased hardness. It is shown that even after multiple bullet hits, the DAC armor retains its integrity and strength.
THE ISSUE OF CLEANING AND ACTIVATION OF WELDED SURFACES DURING EXPLOSION WELDING OF LARGE-SIZED SHEET
Authors: Pervukhina O. L.
Published: December 2020

The analysis of published data on cleaning and activation of welded surfaces during pressure welding in the solid phase has been carried out. A new understanding of cleaning and activation processes during explosion welding of large-sized sheets is proposed. It is based on the impact of the shock plasma, which arises during hypersonic shock-compressed gas flow around the welded surfaces.
TO ACCEPT, OR NOT TO ACCEPT: PREREQUISITES TO ENSURE QUALITY TEACHER TRAINING
Authors: Shchaveleva E.
Published: December 2020

The research focuses on the problem of acceptability of applicants with the minimal level of the Unified State Exam (the USE) to teacher training programs, and coinage of language teachers with under-developed language competency, the latter being fated to turn insufficient for preparing school students for the USE. In the article the author answers the following two research questions: what level of language competency should be demonstrated by a teacher who works in a Russian regular secondary school; what the initial level of language mastery of applicants of teacher training programmes, measured with the USE and demonstrated with its results, would be adequate for them to be academically and linguistically agile for passing the exam which is known as the Certificate in Advanced English (CAE). The methods of the research included the content analysis of official documents regulating the requirements towards teacher competency and examination procedures and assessment; longitudinal observations on language competency development (330 students were observed throughout six years); comparative analysis of examination results. The outcomes of this research may be of high value to teacher training institutions in terms of the determination of categories of programme applicants who have stronger or weaker chances to graduate as competent (job market relevant) teachers.
THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE, THE COMMON EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK OF REFERENCE FOR LANGUAGES AND ENGLISH PROFILE
Authors: Green A.
Published: December 2020

The Russian Federationis one of the forty-seven member states that make up the Council of Europe. The Council is probably best known for its work in the fields of human rights and legal affairs, but it has also played a key role in language education with many important initiatives, most notably its central role the introduction and promotion of the ‘communicative approach’ to language teaching.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING (FLLT) AS THE MOST WIDELY-SPREAD WAY OF SHATTERING BARRIERS TO INTERNATIONAL AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION. A VIEW FROM RUSSIA
Authors: Ter-Minasova S.
Published: December 2020

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Analisis Desain Kebijakan Alokasi Bantuan Dana Kelurahan Tahun 2019
Authors: Faradila Monica , Lutfi Achmad
Published: December 2020

Penelian ini membahas mengenai analisis desain kebijakan Dana Kelurahan di tahun 2019. Dana Kelurahan merupakan salah satu bentuk transfer dana dari Pemerintah Pusat ke Pemerintah Daerah untuk mendukung pembangunan infrastruktur dan pemberdayaan masyarakat Kelurahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu melalui pendekatan post positivist dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif serta teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Policy Design oleh Birkland (2011) yang membagi menjadi lima elemen desain kebijakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menujukkan desain kebijakan Dana Kelurahan Tahun 2019 tidak tepat. Hal ini terlihat dari tiga elemen diantaranya dapat dikatakan tidak sesuai dengan desain kebijakan Dana Kelurahan tahun 2019 mengingat sebagai sebuah alokasi transfer baru, kebijakan Dana Kelurahan tidak memiliki nomenklatur tersendiri sehingga menggunakan skema DAU Tambahan. Penggunaan nomenklatur tersebut dinilai tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik Dana Kelurahan yang bersifat khusus dan tidak memiliki formulasi perhitungan yang jelas.
Kebijakan Perlindungan Anak: Persepsi Orang Tua Suku Bajo Terhadap Kebijakan Gizi Seimbang Bagi Anak Remaja
Authors: Halifu Ruslan , Nurwati R. Nunung , Rusyidi Binahayati , Raharjo Santoso Tri
Published: December 2020

This study aims to find out perception of Bajo parents who has teenager (in Bajo Bahari Village, Wabula District, Buton Regency, Southeast of Sulawesi) to balanced nutrition policy and to find out relation of it perception. This study using a quantitatif method. The responden of this study is mothers of teenager in Bajo Bahari Village. The responden of this study selected under purposively sampling technique. The instrument of this study is the questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS program. The results showed that 83 % respondents has perception to balanced nutrition policy is negative and 17 % respondents has perception to it policy is positive. It caused by their knowledge about balanced nutrition that less. This study given scientific information that community who has perception to balanced nutrition that negative still available until now. They usually have the culture that unique, as example is Bajo Tribe in Bajo Bahari Village.
Persepsi Masyarakat Aceh Barat Terhadap Rencana Pemekaran Kota Meulaboh Sebagai Daerah Otonomi Baru
Authors: Ilhamsyah Fadhil , Fadhly Zuhrizal
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the factors behind the planned expansion of Meulaboh City as a New Autonomous Region and the perception of the people of West Aceh regarding the planned expansion of Meulaboh City as a New Autonomous Region. The method used in this research is quantitative research with a survey method. From the research results, it can be concluded that the majority of the people of West Aceh stated that the plan for the expansion of Meulaboh City was motivated by factors for regional economic development and regional or city development. In addition, the plan for the expansion of Meulaboh City also aims to bring services closer to the community and to get more development budgets from the Central Government. However, the plan for the expansion of Meulaboh City was not motivated by factors of injustice in the development and filling of political positions in West Aceh District. In addition, the majority of the people of West Aceh agreed to expand Meulaboh City. This attitude is influenced by various reasons including the expansion of Meulaboh City can make the city more advanced, the expansion of Meulaboh City can open new jobs, the expansion of Meulaboh City can accelerate development, and because the area of West Aceh Regency is very large.
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Dinler Tarihi Çalışmalarında Antropolojik Bakış Açısı
Authors: TUNÇ İsmet , KURT Ali Osman
Published: December 2020

Türkiye’de dinler tarihinin geçmişi oldukça yakın bir zamana tekabül etmektedir. Cumhuriyetin kuruluş yıllarında din, üzerinde en fazla durulan konuların başında gelmektedir. Din üzerine tartışmalar daha çok din-devlet ilişkisi ve bunun toplum üzerindeki etkisi ile alakalı olmuştur. Konuyla ilgili çeşitli görüş ve değerlendirmeler bulunmakla birlikte dinin toplumsal bir gereklilik olduğu düşüncesi kabul görmüş ve bunun yasal zemine oturtulması yönünde bazı çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda din eğitimi milliyetçilik ekseninde gelişen bir seyir izlemiştir. Dinler tarihi de bu seyrin bir parçası olarak kendine has bir yol çizmiştir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de dinler tarihine kaynaklık eden çalışmalar ve dinler tarihi çalışmaları ile antropoloji arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. İlahiyat alanında ön plana çıkan dinler tarihi ile seküler bir bilim olarak bilinen antropoloji ilişkisinin Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında yapılan kültürel ve dinî olguların tespitine yönelik çalışmalara yansıması ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada öncelikle antropolojinin Türkiye’deki görünürlüğü ve ulus devlet inşasındaki rolünün anlaşılması önem arz etmektedir. Din üzerine yapılan tartışma ve araştırmalar ile Anadolu coğrafyasından elde edilen etnografik verilerin dinler tarihi çalışmalarındaki yansımaları ve Türkiye’de dinler tarihçiliğinin başlangıç itibariyle hangi temel ilkelere dayandığını ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma Cumhuriyet dönemi dinler tarihçiliği ile ilgili sınırlı sayıdaki şahsiyetler ve eserleri özelinde işlenmiştir.
Notas de Macroeconomía
Authors: Pablo-Romero Gil-Delgado María del Pópulo , Sánchez-Rivas García Javier
Published: December 2020

El recurso se enmarca dentro de un proyecto de adaptación de la materia de macroeconomía para una mejora en el estudio de la misma por parte del alumnado, y que dio comienzo con la concesión un Proyecto de Innovación Docente para el Curso 2018/2019 con el que se crearon 5 vídeos interactivo que describen audiovisualmente distinto equilibrios dinámicos de la economía. A partir de estas creaciones se han escrito unos apuntes donde éstas están insertadas, sirviendo de base para el Proyecto de Realidad Aumentada adjudicado por el SAV en la convocatoria de 2019.
desafío de construir imágenes mentales de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en pacientes asintomáticos.
Authors: Carrasco García Miguel Ángel , Neira Mellado Ricardo Andrés , Fierro Pinot Paulina Lisbett
Published: December 2020

En las primeras etapas de la enfermedad, la diabetes, la hipertensión o la dislipidemia, pueden ser asintomáticas para la mayoría de los pacientes. Por ello, es una tarea compleja para el equipo de salud encontrar la forma de explicarles que padecen de una patología que “silenciosamente” los daña a nivel neurovascular. Si una persona no tiene una imagen mental de su enfermedad, difícilmente podrá tomar conciencia de los riesgos que corre si no logra compensarse adecuadamente. La construcción de imágenes mentales de las patologías crónicas es una tarea pendiente en Salud Primaria, área en la que tanto la educación como el rol de la comunicación han sido relegadas a un segundo plano. Los profesionales de la salud primaria deben generar junto a sus pacientes, una co-construcción de las imágenes mentales de sus enfermedades. Esta nueva visión, implica que el profesional deberá insertarse en el contexto del paciente y desde ahí iniciar una exploración y explicación de cada realidad.
discriminación por color de la piel en el debate educativo actual: ¿antropología frente a educación?
Authors: Martínez O’Farrill Luisa
Published: December 2020

El tema de las discriminaciones sociales por color de piel, sexo, religiones o estereotipos sobre los géneros, bien podría parecernos aspectos superados dentro del contexto de la Sociedad Cubana actual. Sin embargo, la supervivencia de este flagelo de la discriminación acompaña el desarrollo de nuestra sociedad en el presente, alimentando en algunas personas la toma de decisiones con respecto a individuos con los cuales entran en contacto bajo determinadas condiciones laborales, de estudio, relaciones interpersonales y de pareja. El objetivo 57, aprobado en la Primera Conferencia Nacional del Partido en Cuba, celebrada en enero del pasado (2011), habla de enfrentar los prejuicios y conductas discriminatorias por color de piel, género, creencias religiosas, orientación sexual, origen territorial y otros que son contrarios a la Constitución y las leyes, atentan contra la unidad nacional y limitan el ejercicio de los derechos de las personas. La Universidad ante el llamado del país, tiene una alta responsabilidad en la lucha por la superación de estas mentalidades que son rezagos del pasado. Pero sobre todo alejadas del ideal humanista tradicional de la Sociedad Cubana, a cuya conquista dedicaron sus vidas los mejores hijos, en toda la trayectoria temporal de nuestra historia y cultura.
Demonstration of ultra-small (<10 μm) 632 nm red InGaN micro-LEDs with useful on-wafer external quantum efficiency (>0.2%) for mini-displays
Authors: Pasayat Shubhra S. , Gupta Chirag , Wong Matthew S. , Ley Ryan , Gordon Michael J. , DenBaars Steven P. , Nakamura Shuji , Keller Stacia , Mishra Umesh K.
Published: December 2020

Ultra-small red micro-LEDs (<10 μm) with measurable output power have proved difficult to demonstrate. The smallest state-of-the-art red micro-LEDs (AlInGaP) to have exhibited a decent output power of ∼1.75 mW mm−2 are 20 μm × 20 μm in dimension. InGaN-based red micro-LED development has primarily been impeded due to the large lattice mismatch between the substrate and the quantum wells along with fabrication challenges such as low damage etching. In this work, we demonstrate 6 μm × 6 μm sized InGaN red micro-LEDs with an on-wafer external quantum efficiency of 0.2% and light output power reaching 2.1 mW mm−2.
Muqayesekerdişê Kitabanê Dersan yê Kirmanckî (Zazakî) yê Sinifa Pancine Hetê Zayenda Komelkî (Gender) ra
Authors: İLBASMIŞ Ronya
Published: December 2020

Perwerdeyê bi ziwanê dayîke seba her netewe, seba ke azê bînî ziwanê xo bimusê û kulturê netewe bêro dewam kerdene, cayêko zaf muhîm û xorî de yo. Her netewe perwerdeyê bi ziwanê dayîke ser o bi taybetî xebitîyeno û programê perwerdeyê ziwanê dayîke hadire keno. Programê musnayîşê ziwanê dayîke de materyalê tewr muhîmî, kitabê dersan ê. Coka ganî kitabê dersan hetê senînîye ra hewceyan biyarê ca û qîmbîyaye bibê. 2012î ra heta nika dersê kurdkî wendegehan de sey dersê weçînitî yenê dayîş. A ser ra tepîya seba dersa Kirmanckî ya sinifa pancine de hetê Wezaretê Perwerdeyî (M.E.B.) ra di kitabê dersan dîyayê hadire kerdene. Na meqaleye de ma waşt ke her di kitaban hetê zayenda komelkî ra bidê pê ver û pêşnîyazanê xo binusê. Goreyê netîceyî, her di kitaban de fîgurê cinî û camêrdan ê yê ke ameyê şuxulnayîş, goreyê seyyewbînannêbîyayîşê zayenda komelkî ameyê awankerdiş.
An Improved Measurement Accuracy of Fetal Heart Rate using Digital Filter
Authors: Setyawati Riska , Nugraha Priyambada Cahya , Ariswati Her Gumiwang , Ahniar Nur Hasanah
Published: December 2020

Non stress test, there are several parameters including the fetal Doppler. fetal doppler is used to detect the fetal heart in the womb. It can be seen that the fetal heart rate in the womb under normal circumstances is in the range of 120-140 beats per minute. Noise on doppler fetal output can affect fetal heart rate readings. the purpose of this research is to design a non stress test device that is displayed on nextion. The contribution of this research is the creation of a portable device with nextion display and using analog and digital filters that can be used as noise removal.  the method used to eliminate noise by using a bandpass type filter design frequency 20-40 Hz by designing a large frequency suppression outside the cutoff so that noise is not counted as a fetal heart rate. to detect the fetal heart rate in the mother's womb using a piezoelectric sensor. then the fetal heart rate obtained is filtered and the data is processed using Arduino after the results of processing the filter between analog bandpass and digital bandpass type Chebyshev method I then the results of the tool will be displayed on nextion. The results showed that measurements on analog filter modules that have been made produce an error value of 8.62% and digital filters that have been made produce an error value of 12.97%. The results of this study can be applied to fetal heart rate gauges portable at a health clinic.
Surface Modification of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy By Anodization Technique at Low Potential to Produce Oxide Layer
Authors: Lestari Franciska Pramuji , Sari Yeni Rian , Rokhmanto Fendy , Asmaria Talitha , Pramono Andika Widya
Published: December 2020

Due to their excellent biocompatibility, titanium alloys are tremendously as implants used, since relatively low modulus, corrosion resistance, and good fatigue strength. The biocompatibility, comes from the formation of natural Titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer. Therefore, TiO2 layer growth surface alteration is frequently applied to improve biological, chemical , and mechanical properties. TiO2 nanostructures are obtained under self-organization conditions by electrochemical anodization of Ti-6Al-4V. Parameters of anodization such as anodization time, voltage and addition of thiourea were evaluated in the composition of the H3PO4+NH4F solution. The morphology and elements of the Ti alloys surface were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), whereas potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to evaluate the TiO2 layer in corrosion resistance. The results showed that the anodized Ti-6Al-4V alloy E-corr imcreased as the anodization voltage increased. Titanium alloy anodized using 12 V during 2 hours with H3PO4 + NH4F without thiourea solution  had the thickest of oxide layer and highest corrosion resistance. Higher applied voltages have been shown to increase the deposition rate and coating thickness. Addition of thiourea has a definite effect on the inhibition of oxide layer of titanium. In order to produce the optimum titanium surface, the required applied anodization voltage and addition of volume thiourea is necessary.
JANU SANDHIGATAVATA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE AYURVEDIC LITERATURE
Authors: Dash Biswajit , Acharya Rabindranath
Published: December 2020

Janusandhigatavata is also correlated to Knee osteoarthritis due to resemblance in sign and symptoms i.e. joint pain, stiffness, muscle weakness, swelling of knee joint, deformed joint, reduced range of motion and loss of use of the joints and cracking sounds. When the vitiated vata lodges in janusandhi (knee joint) it is considered as Janusandhigatavata. In Ayurvedic classics Sandhigatavata is among eighty Nanatmaja Vata Vyadhi. The aetiopathogenesis, symptoms and treatment of Sandhigata vata is described under Vatavyadhi which is found in a very concise form.
Among joint disease, Osteoarthritis is often seen out of which the functional disability in the knee joint is incredibly common in elderly. The approaches in therapies mainly carried out are physiotherapy or pharmacological therapy, but these approaches are limited over time by their cost and/or side effects. It is characterized by pain, shiftiness with decreased range of motion in the knee joint which is very common complaint for many people. With the advancement in working pattern and age-factors has become prime cause for aggravation of Vata dosha, which does dhatukshaya (depletion of tissues) and Balakshaya (reduced strength). Knee joint is weight bearing, strongest and most important joint in the body. Movements at the knee joint are essential for all everyday activities, including walking, running, sitting and standing. Different modalities of treatment have been explained in the Ayurvedic classics to tackle the condition effectively. Here, an attempt has been made for a systematic review on this disease with an approach to Ayurvedic management.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VENTRALAND DORSAL BUCCAL MUCOSA GRAFT AUGMENTATION URETHROPLASTY IN STRICTURE BULBAR URETHRA.
Authors: Arya Yagyadev , Goel Rahul
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To compare long term outcomes of buccal mucosa graft(BMG) augmentation urethroplasty for long-segment bulbar urethral strictures done by placing the graft ventrally and dorsally.
Material and Methods:
We conducted a single institution retrospective study on 32 patients who underwent BMG augmentation urethroplasty for non traumatic bulbar urethral stricture between January 2010- December 2018. The cases were divided into two groups based on the site of placement of the BMG graft i.e (a) Ventral (n=22) , (b)Dorsal(n=10). Follow-up period was from one year to five years. Patients with failed outcomes underwent Urethroscopy or Retrograde Urethrogram to note the site of recurrence of stricture.
Results:
Out of 32 cases 26 (81%) were successful and 6 (19%) failed.The success rates for ventral and dorsal BMG augmentation procedures were 81% and 70%,respectively(p=0.45).Among 6 failed cases 3 (9%)cases had stricture at proximal anastomotic site,2 (2%)cases at distal anastomotic site& 1 (1%)case at pan graft site(p=0.08).
Conclusion:
The overall success rate for BMG augmentation urethroplasty is equal for all techniques.Dorsal onlay urethroplasty provides better exposure of proximal anastomotic site thus it is associated with minimum proximal anastomotic site recurrence rates.Patient with extensive spongiofibrosis and long segment strictures had higher rate of failure.
A SYNCHRONOUS INCIDENCE OF ASYMPTOMATIC JEJUNAL GIST IN PATIENT WITH NON- FUNCTIONAL PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR (PNET)
Authors: Patel Asit V , Shah Dhruv N , Godbole Ashwin , Shah Tapan A , Patel Shaishav V
Published: December 2020

Objective : Pancreatic NET and GIST represent rare neoplasms. This is a case report on a patient operated for PNET with incidentally found jejunal GIST in our unit.
Results : Patient underwent enucleation for pancreatic NET and jejuno-jejunal resection and anastomosis for GIST. Postoperatively patient was prescribed imatinib. Post operative period and followup were uneventful.
Conclusions : Sporadic non-functioning PNET was an incidental diagnosis, while jejuna GIST was intraoperative incidental diagnosis. Prognosis predominantly depends upon type, size and stage of presentation of PNET, as GIST was asymptomatic.
EFFECT OF POLY-CYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME ON SELF-ESTEEM AND BODYIMAGE AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS ATTENDING ADOLESCENT CLINIC IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Arya Simran , Jain Madhu , Jain Shuchi , Singh Tej Bali
Published: December 2020

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have serious health issues, affecting female health, causing body disfigurement, lowers self- esteem decreases the quality of life and, lifelong health consequences related to metabolic disorders.
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate, 'the impact of various clinical features of PCOS namely obesity, hirsutism, acne, menstrual irregularities on psychological well-being in adolescent girls'.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the adolescent clinic, BHU. Tools used for data collection were a self-structured questionnaire which includes socio-demographic status, menstrual history, and anthropometric assessment. Hirsutism was assessed by the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system, acne by the Global acne grading system, self-esteem by Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and body image by Body Image Concern Inventory scale. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version '22'.
Results: Findings of multiple regression analysis suggests that adolescent girls with hirsutism experienced poorer self-esteem (β= -2.621, p=0.01) and greater body dissatisfaction (β= 0.258, p= 0.02) than adolescents girls without hirsutism. Furthermore, obese adolescents had a lower level of self-esteem (β= -0.056, p=0.01) and negative body image (β= 0.748, p=0.01) compared with non- obese PCOS adolescents. Adolescent girls with menstrual irregularities had higher body dissatisfaction (β=0.143, p=0.05) than patients with a regular cycle.
Conclusion: PCOS in adolescents having obesity, menstrual irregularities, and features of hyper-androgenism have a profound effect on psychological well being. So, the recognition of the early signs of PCOS during adolescence and early treatment can improve the quality of life.
STRATEGIES TO PROMOTE LONG-TERM CARDIAC IMPLANT SITE HEALTH: CURRENT UPDATE
Authors: Radhakrishnan Pradeep Kumar , Ambat Gayathri Ananyajyothi , Nazer Nihaz , Nazer Y A
Published: December 2020

Active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) are used for diagnostic, therapeutic, and rehabilitation purposes. Implants and devices improve the quality of life and well-being of the recipient. These include cardiac pacemakers (for controlling heart rhythm), ventricular assist devices (heart support), spinal cord stimulators (chronic pain management), deep brain stimulators (control symptoms of conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, epilepsy, and depression), cochlear implants (enable hearing) and, more recently, bionic eyes (restore vision). Implant life and strategies to enhance it is of paramount importance. The use of non-invasive techniques like Raman Spectroscopy to match the implant and recipient characteristics and non-invasive diagnosis of rejection would be the way forward.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ULTRASONIC TIPS AND HAND INSTRUMENTS ON THE CLINICAL PARAMETERS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE.
Authors: Kumar Avadhesh , Dixit Jaya , Lal Nand , Kaushal Shalini
Published: December 2020

Aims To compare hand versus ultrasonic scaling and root planning (SRP) on the clinical parameters of periodontal disease and to assess left over calculus by open flap approach.
Methods and Material The study sample consisted of random selection of 30 patients with the evidence of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. Two groups were made in each patient by split mouth design. Pre treatment measurements recorded were plaque index (PI) , calculus index(CI) and probing pocket depth(PPD). Post treatment measurements recorded were PI , PPD and left over calculus after flap elevation
Results In hand instrumentation group (HIG),, mean percentage of plaque score was slightly lesser as compared to ultrasonic but not significant.. Overall mean reduction in PPD after instrumentation in HIG was greater as compared to ultrasonic, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The percentage efficiency in removal of calculus of HIG was greater compared to ultrasonic but it was also not statistically significant (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between HIG and ultrasonic for number of sites with residual calculus and moreover no. of sites increased apically.
Conclusions There was significant post-treatment change in the clinical parameters taken in the present clinical study in both HIG & UIG and also slightly more favourable with HIG but not statistically significant.
EVALUATION OF ULTRASOUND GUIDED QUADRATUS LUMBORUM - TYPE I BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIAAFTER LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY.
Authors: Srinivasa Navyashree Krishnashastry , Iyengar Sowmya Madihalli Janardhan , Sahajananda Hiremathada , Kadam Vasanth Rao
Published: December 2020

Objectives : We evaluated the effect of Quadratus Lumborum - type I Block (QLB) on postoperative pain scores after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods:
After ethical committee approval, 48 patients of ASA I/II were randomly administered ultrasound guided QLB prior to induction of anesthesia. Q group(n=24) received 0.375% Inj. Ropivicaine 20 ml, bilaterally and the control group C(n=24) received 0.9% normal saline 20 ml, bilaterally. Surgery was performed under standard general anesthesia. Primary outcome measure was pain scores (NRS) at rest and movement. Secondary outcome measures; time to administration of first rescue analgesic, number of rescue analgesics, and adverse effects if any, were recorded
Results: The mean NRS score of C group was >4.1 at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours and that of Q group was<2.5at rest. The mean NRS score of C group was >5 at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours and that of Q group always remained <4 during movements which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Mean time to first analgesic requirement was 12 hours in Q group(n=3) and 2.96 hours in C group(n=23), total number of rescue analgesic doses was 0.13 in Q group, compared to 3.30 in C group. Patients of Q group (85%) had effective visceral and somatic analgesia, lasting for up to 24 hours and did not require any rescue analgesics (Mean NRS < 3, P value <0.0001). There were no adverse reactions in either of the groups.
Conclusion:
In 85% of our patients, QLB provided adequate and effective postoperative analgesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies by achieving sensory blockade from T4 to L1 levels and thereby reducing the need for opioid analgesics in our study.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO EVALUATE CARDIAC FUNCTIONS IN POSTMASTECTOMY LEFT-SIDED BREAST CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVING DOXORUBICIN BASED CHEMOTHERAPY AND CHEST WALL IRRADIATION
Authors: Kamei Ram , Datta Gautam , Banerjee Suparna , Bandyopadhyay Rajat
Published: December 2020

This prospective single institution study was carried out with 55 patients to evaluate the cardiac functions in left sided post mastectomy breast cancer patients who received Doxorubicin based chemotherapy with chest wall irradiation. Our study reported only 18% cardiotoxicity in contrast to about 30% in similar studies. There was a decline in the left ventricular ejection fraction after chemotherapy. Radiation did not affect left ventricular function much. The right ventricular systolic dysfunction observed in our study, as depicted by the value of TAPSE decreased after chemotherapy and then after radiation. Neither age nor the use of Taxanes following Doxorubicin administration factored much. The mean cumulative dose of Doxorubicin was confined to 360 mg/m2. Radiation induced cardiac dysfunction was mainly confined to the changes in the dimensions of the ventricles and left atrium volume. Decreased cardiotoxicity observed was probably due to short follow up of 6 months.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON CHILD ABUSE AMONG TEACHERS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF GUWAHATI, ASSAM
Authors: Lepcha Jerilina , Gogoi Nirmali
Published: December 2020

Child abuse consists of any act of commission or omission that endangers or impairs a child’s physical or emotional health and development. Child abuse includes any damage done to a child which cannot be reasonably explained and which is often represented by an injury or series of injuries appearing to be non-accidental in nature.1Teachers have a vital role to identify and protect the child who are abused. The main objective of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of teachers regarding child abuse and to assess the effectiveness of PTP on child abuse. The research design adopted was pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. The assessment of knowledge was done using structured knowledge questionnaire. The findings showed that the mean post-test knowledge score (28) is higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (15.5), similarly the standard deviation of post-test is higher than pre-test knowledge. There was significant difference between the pre-test and post-test knowledge score with paired t-value of 20.9125 and found it to be significant at p<0.05 level. This indicates that the planned teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge of teachers regarding child abuse.
MRV BRAIN NORMALANATOMICAL VARIANTS IN INDIA POPULATION
Authors: Reddy Vemireddy Sreechand , C Apoorva. , D Ankamma Rao.
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Knowledge of variations in the cerebral dural venous sinus anatomy seen on magnetic resonance (MR) venography is essential to avoid over-diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Very limited data is available on gender difference of the cerebral dural venous sinus anatomy variations
Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted in NRI medical college in the Department of Radiodiagnosis for a duration of 3 years to study the normal anatomy of the intracranial venous system and its normal variation, as depicted by 3D MR venography, in normal adults and any gender-related differences.
Results
A total of (46 men, 54 women, age range 12 to 81 years), were included in the study. Most common indication for MR venography was headache (80%). Hypoplastic left transverse sinus was the most common anatomical variation in (25%) patients. Left transverse sinus was hypoplastic in more commonly in male in comparison to females (13 versus 12). Most common variation of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) was hypoplastic anterior one third SSS ,.
Conclusion
Hypoplastic left transverse sinus is the most common anatomical variation and more common in male compared to female in the present study. Other anatomical variations of dural venous sinuses are not significantly differ among both genders.
MUCO-CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS IN HIV INFECTED CHILDREN AND ITS CORRELATION WITH THE CD4 COUNT
Authors: Singh Meetu , Bhatt Ruchi , Ahmed Zeeshan
Published: December 2020

Background
Dermatological manifestations increase both in frequency and severity with the progression of HIV and thus can serve as important markers of disease progression. Early recognition of such dermatological manifestations is important for an early diagnosis and also to assess the prognosis of HIV infection
Objective
The objective was to determine the cutaneous manifestations among HIV children and its correlation to clinical staging and the level of immunosuppression.
Material and Methods
The study was a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi. The study population included all the HIV infected children.A total of 102 study participants were recruited. Absolute counts of CD4,CD8 and ratio of CD4/CD8 and Tzanck smear, KOH preparation, and skin scrapings was done. Chi square tests and independent t test was applied. P value of <0.05 is considered to be significant.
Results
The age of study participants ranged from one and half years to 17 years with a mean(SD) of
10.54 (± 11). The median age was 3.58. Males were 73.5% and females were 26.5%. Most of the patients were in WHO stage I. Prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestation was 16.7%. Lower mean CD4 counts and lower total leucocyte counts were associated with higher incidence of mucocutaneous lesions. (p value <0.05)
Conclusion
The prevalence of muco cutaneous manifestation increases with decline in CD4 count. Hence muco cutaneous manifestations can be taken as the marker of deteriorating immune status of patients.
RECURRENT CYSTOSACROMA PHYLLOIDES TUMOUR OF BREAST WITH LIPOSRCOMATOUS DIFFERENTIATION
Authors: Jayaraghavan R.
Published: December 2020

Cysteosarcoma phylloides (CP) constitutes a rare form of breast neoplasia, which represents less than 1% of total breast neoplasias and only 2,3% of all fibro-epithelial breast tumors.It is termed "cystosarcoma phylloides" because of the extensions of the tumor mimicking the shape of leaves, intruding within the cystic cavities of the tumor. Phyllodes tumours of the breast are characterized by having both an epithelial as well as stromal component and these usually comprise almost 3% of all fibroepithelial tumours. They are exceptional in this aspect to convert into a stromal sarcoma of the breast after multiple recurrences. The stromal component of phyllodes tumor has the potential to undergo metaplasia to cartilage, bone, smooth muscle and striated muscle as well as their respective malignant neoplasms. The liposarcomatous differentiation of the stromal elements of phyllodes tumor is extremely rare. The recurrence rate is 1 6-28% after mastectomy or wide-wedge resection and 28- 46% after simple enucleation of the tumor. The tumor metastasizes via the vascular route; about two thirds of metastases are to the lungs, fewer are to the bone, liver, and myocardium. Phylloides tumor occurs mostly in women in their fifth or sixth decade, and occasionally in women younger than 20 years old.
Assessment of the Quality of Antenatal and Postnatal Care Services in Primary Health Centres in Rural Nigeria
Authors: Ntoimo Lorretta Favour C. , Okonofua Friday E. , Yaya Sanni , Omorodion Blessing , Imongan Wilson , Ogungbangbe Julius
Published: December 2020

Maternal mortality ratio in Nigeria is estimated to be 512 deaths per 100,000 live births. As with other low-income countries, a higher proportion of these deaths occur among women living in rural areas and in poor communities where access to maternal health care is limited by several barriers including quality of care in health facilities. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of antenatal and postnatal care in Primary Health Centres (PHCs) in two rural Local Government Areas of Edo State in Southern Nigeria. The data were obtained from exit interviews with 177 women after completion of antenatal and postnatal care in eight randomly selected PHCs. The interview questionnaire was adapted from the 2017 results-based financing exit interviews conducted by the World Bank in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Health and the National Bureau of Statistics. It consisted of questions on the treatment received by women. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The results showed the self-reporting by women of sub-optimal offerings of 20 signal antenatal treatments and 8 signal postnatal care treatments. Close to half (45.6%) of the respondents for antenatal care reported receiving sub-optimal antenatal treatments compared to about a third of postnatal care attendees. The predictors of sub-optimal offerings of standard PHC care included local government area, marital status and previous childbirths. We conclude that concerted actions by health providers and policymakers in the PHCs to develop policies and interventions will improve the quality of delivery of antenatal and postnatal services in rural PHCs in Nigeria.
Analyzing Electoral Misconduct: The Case of 2019 General Elections in Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Haruna Mageed Oshogwe
Published: December 2020

Credible election is fast becoming a feature of the democratic process canvassed globally. However, misconducts still mar the exercise and smooth transition in a couple of countries, including Nigeria. This study focused on electoral misconducts reported during Nigeria’s 2019 general elections, using Gombe State as reference. Data were collected through primary and secondary sources, which involved questionnaire administration, interviews and desk review of published works relevant to the paper. The findings revealed that there were electoral misconducts in several areas during the 2019 general elections not only in Gombe Metropolis but in other parts of the State. These misconducts ranged from vote buying, to material inducements and destructions of election materials, among others. The study recommends the need for a new electoral law that will criminalise vote buying and other sundry electoral frauds in future elections in Gombe and other parts of the country.
Three Coupled Waveguide Sagnac Loop Reflectors for High Performance Integrated Optical Filters
Authors: Moss David
Published: December 2020

We theoretically investigate advanced multi-functional
integrated photonic filters formed by three waveguide coupled Sagnac loop
reflectors (3WC-SLRs). By tailoring the coherent mode interference, the
spectral response of the 3WC-SLR resonators is engineered to achieve diverse
filtering functions with high performance. These include optical analogues of
Fano resonances that yield ultrahigh spectral extinction ratios (ERs) and slope
rates, resonance mode splitting with high ERs and low free spectral ranges, and
classical Butterworth, Bessel, Chebyshev, and elliptic filters. A detailed
analysis of the impact of the structural parameters and fabrication tolerances is
provided to facilitate device design and optimization. The requirements for
practical applications are also considered. These results theoretically verify
the effectiveness of using 3WC-SLR resonators as multi-functional integrated
photonic filters for flexible spectral engineering in diverse applications.