bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La transmisión de los valores y prácticas organizacionales cooperativas en las filiales extranjeras: El caso de la cooperativa multinacional Fagor Ederlan
Authors: Bretos Ignacio , Errasti Anjel
Published: February 2018

En la economía globalizada actual, muchas cooperativas se están viendo obligadas a crecer internacionalmente mediante estrategias de inversión directa extranjera para mantener su competitividad y sobrevivir en los mercados. Tomando como referencia un estudio cualitativo sobre Fagor Ederlan, una de las mayores cooperativas multinacionales del Grupo Mondragón, este artículo examina las contradicciones planteadas por la internacionalización en las cooperativas, así como las tensiones y oportunidades para que dichas organizaciones reproduzcan las prácticas idiosincráticas del modelo cooperativo en las filiales extranjeras. El estudio de caso se basa en el análisis de diversa documentación interna cedida por la compañía y en 23 entrevistas en profundidad llevadas a cabo en las plantas domésticas e internacionales con personal de distintas áreas organizacionales y rangos jerárquicos. Los resultados sugieren que la internacionalización puede desencadenar fuertes tendencias degenerativas en las cooperativas, afectando fundamentalmente al nivel de participación de los trabajadores en la empresa. Por otro lado, evidencian la influencia de barreras institucionales, así como de factores derivados del rol estratégico de las filiales y de las relaciones de poder entre matriz y filial, que dificultan la transformación de las filiales extranjeras en cooperativas. El artículo también discute algunos aspectos que resultan esenciales para avanzar en la implementación de políticas que acerquen el modelo de gestión en las filiales extranjeras a los principios y valores cooperativos.
Living in the 21st Century: A Gestalt Therapist's Search for a New Paradigm
Authors: Evans Ken,
Published: February 2018

This article is an attempt to connect some of the basic theoretical assumptions of Gestalt theory with the practice of living in the 21st century against a background of seemingly uncontrollable, violent sectarian/tribal conflict. Gestalt theory is located within a postmodern epistemology whose strengths are critically explored, as well as the tendency toward a skepticism that can deteriorate into a nihilistic impotence. A “new” paradigm of community, compatible with Gestalt theory, is suggested: “You are, therefore, I am.” This “new” paradigm arguably has been gathering momentum for at least seventy years. While offering an alternative vision of hope, it also requires a challenging reflection on personal responsibility and a commitment to community.
Gender Differences in Gestalt Therapy
Authors: Amendt-Lyon Nancy,
Published: February 2018

In their specific ways of being in the world, men and women, as therapists or patients, have been influenced by the interdependence of traditional gender roles in the particular society in which they live. This article explores relevant aspects of gender differences within the context of Gestalt therapy: transference and countertransference phenomena, male-female constellations and the choice of a therapist, forms of abuse, psychotherapeutic efficacy, disorders, and the central role of the dialogic I-Thou relationship. Case examples from clinical practice illuminate the theoretical considerations. The need for explicitly reflecting the specific effects of gender differences on the course of therapy is emphasized.
Interpersonal Conflicts: Where Gestalt Therapy Meets Mediation
Authors: Metzger Eva,
Published: February 2018

Mediation is a voluntary process in which parties in conflict try to reach an agreement by negotiating. An impartial person, the mediator, supports them. When conflicts are solved in legal proceedings, human needs and interests often are not adequately considered. When therapists work with only one party in conflict, the conflict dynamics and the social, economic, and political fields are not sufficiently examined. If Gestalt therapists worked as mediators, all parties in conflict would benefit from the many useful skills of the Gestalt approach.
The Age of Complexity: Paul Goodman in the 21st Century—A Critical Assessment
Authors: Wheeler Gordon,
Published: February 2018

When Paul Goodman articulated a radically new understanding of human functioning and a new vision of psychotherapy (Gestalt Therapy, 1951), he was writing in an immediate post-War period, conditioned by the disastrous history of the first half of the 20th Century, and the horrifying challenges that lay ahead. The world political/cultural crisis of those times was at least as complex and dire as the one facing us today, and the model he offered cannot be understood or developed further today, apart from its context of half a century and more ago. This article outlines Goodman's creative response to the crisis of his day, with emphasis on the sources of his integral vision as well as the particular legacy of past cultural distortions and dead ends he was so concerned to avoid. This critical examination will emphasis both certain limitations the context placed on his vision, and the creative potential inherent in the model he gave us, for further development today.
Experiment: A Creative Phenomenon of the Field
Authors: Roubal Jan
Published: February 2018

Gestalt therapy creatively balances an emphasis on honesty within an empathic therapeutic relationship with the task-oriented style of clinical intervention. In this article, dialogical and experimental principles are depicted as mutually-connected polarities; one is in the foreground at a certain moment, and the other is in the background. These principles change their positions fluidly during the process of therapy. The article also deals with the experimental dimension of Gestalt therapy, which focuses on the task-oriented component of the Gestalt therapeutic approach. The text highlights the fundamental difference between experiment and technique in therapy; experiment is depicted as a creative adventure co-created by both therapist and client. A case study describes experimentation as a phenomenon of the field and attempts to illustrate how a therapist can work with her own awareness whilst “experimenting.”
Reflections: Field Theory and Transcendent Experiences
Authors: Rubenfeld Frank
Published: February 2018

In these reflections I extend a field theory perspective to transcendent experiences, and use three autobiographical incidents as examples. The whole of reality, including our consciousness and all that is external to it, can be considered the greater field. Field theory, a key component of Gestalt, sees the greater field and all the sub-fields comprising it as being interconnected, interdependent, interactive, and continually changing.
Commentary III: Prologue: From the Radical Center: The Heart of Gestalt Therapy
Authors: Philippson Peter
Published: February 2018

In this Commentary, I explore and critique Erving and Miriam Polster's idea of the “radical center” and of point/counterpoint. I suggest that the polarities are often best not viewed as polarities in the way they do, and that they misconstrue the “center” as a position rather than as a place where the poles meet and can be viewed. I further discuss the proposed polarities of process and content, past and present, and field and system.
Commentary II. Contempt: “One finger pointing at you, the rest pointing back”
Authors: Burrows Rosie
Published: February 2018

As a Gestalt practitioner working in the north of Ireland, a place Melnick and Nevis view as an example of a “breeding ground for contempt” at large system level, I wish to reflect and respond. The combination of historic field conditions of unequal power, structured discrimination, religious fundamentalism, and findings about the role of embodied traumatic experience and memory, have undoubtedly fostered the development of relations based on contempt in the north of Ireland. There are also less known stories to tell of how groups, in spite of institutionalized discrimination, managed to hold solidarity in various ways, with new possibilities continuing to influence the field.
A Poetics of Practice: Organization Consulting from a Gestalt Perspective
Authors: Farrands Robert
Published: February 2018

This paper explores organisation consulting from a Gestalt perspective. It draws on the Gestalt psychologists and their contemporaries as resources to inquire into the consultant's subjective experience and also what might be said more objectively about complex systems. This inquiry is supported by a case from the British National Health Service. The paper supports and develops the idea of practitioner presence by setting it alongside systemic openness and the vulnerability this requires of the practitioner. It also explores how creative expression might open up the possibility in the present situation. Running through the paper is an inquiry into consulting method based on a model of immersion, symbolisation, and expression. The paper provokes inquiry about the practice of organisation consulting and offers suggestions for practice.
Sex, Gender, and the Theatre of Self: Acting Theory in (Gestalt) Psychotherapy with a Transsexual Client
Authors: Fallon Sarah
Published: February 2018

This paper focuses on the use of acting theory in a course of psychotherapy with a biological female therapist and a postoperative, female to male, transsexual client. Sex and gender issues are significant elements of the therapy and are, one would hope, applicable to other clinical situations. The paper also focuses on simulations of self, both in terms of acts of conscious portrayal and of relational movements held out of awareness. In raising awareness of such processes, a “relational theatre” is brought into the treatment room; an extension to practice that I hope will aid therapists in working with fragile clients from a range of backgrounds. An important aspect of this particular piece of work is the relationship between a man and a woman.
Incorporating Sandplay Therapy into Gestalt Therapy in the Treatment of Dementia
Authors: Siampani Katerina
Published: February 2018

The closer people come to old age, the less likely they are to approach the true self, particularly if during the course of their life journey they have opted to wear a mask they refuse to acknowledge. Things may get worse with the degeneration of the brain and the losses faced by the elderly. This has made me wonder what kind of psychotherapy I am offering to elderly persons suffering from dementia. My conclusion is that I can only offer them the joy and creativity provided by the “here and now,” even when the human brain has lost some of its capacities. Since June 2008, I have been using Sandplay therapy in my Gestalt psychotherapy. My clinical experience and observations indicate that this direct therapeutic intervention can mobilise patients at the initial or advanced stages of dementia. This article presents the therapeutic benefits of Sandplay therapy and a model I have created for persons suffering from dementia.
Development of the Self: A Presentation of Kegan's Subject-Object Theory
Authors: Kenofer Bruce
Published: February 2018

The concept of self presents a central, and yet thorny, issue for Gestalt therapy theory. The lack of a Gestalt developmental theory limits the elucidation of this vital concept. Kegan's theory of self-development provides one possibility to ground Gestalt therapy theory within a developmental framework. This article presents an overview of Kegan's theory, highlighting interesting points of connection between developmental theory and concepts from Gestalt therapy.
Therapeutic Democracy: The Roots and Potential Fruits of a Gestalt-Assisted Collaborative Inquiry
Authors: Lahood G. A.
Published: February 2018

Gestalt therapy and Cooperative Inquiry (a method of action research) share significant roots: Martin Buber for one, and Kurt Lewin for another. They also share with Gestalt such categories as field theory, phenomenology, dialogue, and experimentation, among others. I write this paper partly as an invitation to Gestalt therapists to explore action methods such as cooperative inquiry, on the premise that when approached with intention the “between” can become the locus of a more relational spirituality. I propose that the principles of participatory or therapeutic democracy may be (as yet) underdeveloped in Gestalt practice and teaching, and tentatively suggest that Gestalt practitioners and trainees might “dip their toes” into collaborative waters as a useful training experience.
Commentary II: “Therapeutic Democracy”
Authors: Lichtenberg Philip
Published: February 2018

Collaborative inquiry is profoundly democratic. Yet, it also relies on the initiative of an authority. Since we believe that all members of a group act as leaders, research needs as well to begin from “below.” Religion, which relies on top down leadership, contrasts with a fully participatory orientation. An example is given of how all participants both promote and limit democracy.
In the Shadow of the Leader: Power, Reflection, and Dialogue in Gestalt Group Therapy
Authors: Cole Peter
Published: February 2018

The relationship between the leader and members in Gestalt group therapy is discussed in order to help understand and navigate difficulties and complexities that arise in this relationship. The author posits that vulnerabilities run high in Gestalt group therapy with potential for healing along with potential for wounding and shame. The group is seen as an intersubjective field rich in complexity, always in process, always unfolding and never fully understood by any group participant: member or leader. When negative or shaming experiences arise, insight and intelligence concerning the difficulty and its resolution are distributed among the group's membership and leadership, with each person holding a valuable perspective.
Contacting Gender
Authors: Johnson Rae
Published: February 2018

Gestalt therapists are uniquely positioned to address issues of gender and sexuality in authentic and empowering ways. However, gender has been a relatively neglected territory within Gestalt therapy theory and professional discourse. Drawing on social and somatic theories of gender, this article articulates how Gestalt therapists might harness existing skills and orientations to become significant contributors to the evolving debates on gender and sexuality in counseling and psychotherapy. The author describes a four-step approach to professional development on gender issues focused on application to Gestalt therapy practice.
Beyond the Perls-Goodman Model: From the Organism-Environment Field to the Relational Field
Authors: Macaluso Mercurio Albino
Published: February 2018

In the founding text of Gestalt therapy (Perls, Hefferline, Goodman, 1951/1994), the concept of “contact” considers experience from a perspective centered on the individual rather than on the relationship. Today, we need a model that allows us to take into account the reciprocity of the exchange occurring between patient and therapist, all the while that it remains consistent with the epistemological assumptions of Gestalt therapy. In the innovative contributions of Gordon Wheeler and Margherita Spagnuolo Lobb, the author identifies the premises of a relational Gestalt approach which would permit a detailed analysis of how patient and therapist create together the experience of their meeting moment by moment.
Gestalt Therapy: Creatively Adjusting in an Increasingly Diverse World
Authors: Frew Jon
Published: February 2018

Gestalt therapy was developed and initially practiced in a particular social and political context. Sixty-five years later, that context has changed in considerable ways. In this article, a case will be made that Gestalt therapy must continue to make adjustments and adaptations to be relevant and inclusive in an increasingly diverse world. Concepts from the field of Intercultural Communication will be introduced and integrated with paralleled concepts form Gestalt therapy.
The Land Mines of Marriage: Intergenerational Causes of Marital Conflict
Authors: Schwartz Theodore W.
Published: February 2018

This paper suggests a systemic, intergenerational approach to treating serious marital conflict. Conflicting inherited marital patterns are a primary source of severe marital conflict because the partners' emotional security is threatened. Unhealed, emotional wounds are compared to abscesses that accumulate pain and resentment. Many deeply structured psychological wounds are also inherited from past generations. Emotional injuries from early experience are also buried deeply in the psyche. The parent's marital patterns are introjected and imprinted on small children during preverbal years.

When persons marry, the clash of their inherited patterns and needs threatens the couple's security and leads to conflict. Such conflicts often do not belong to the couple, but to previous generations. Postmodernist therapies are evaluated and compared to the original family therapy methods and applied to treating systemic interpersonal conflict. The author presents examples and suggests Gestalt family therapy as the preferred treatment for severe marital conflict.
Self-Assessment The Way Forward For Boards of Directors
Authors: Jackson Peter D. , Bradshaw William A.
Published: February 2018

Boards of directors in Canada are implementing different forms of self-assessment process to improve the quality of governance. Innovative approaches including the use of models of organizational effectiveness and a Gestalt retreat prepare directors to respond quickly to opportunities in the new economy.
Like a Fish in Water: Gestalt Therapy in Times of Uncertainty
Authors: Staemmler Frank-M.
Published: February 2018

Currently, for many countries in the world social and economic conditions are experiencing a rapid process of transformation. In some instances this generates consequences that create insecurity in many Gestalt therapists. In this article the author wants to show from various vantage points that this insecurity does not only mean a chance for the Gestalt approach but, moreover, forms its very own element within which it can come to full fruition.
Gestalt Approaches to Body-Oriented Theory: An Introduction
Authors: Kepner Jim
Published: February 2018

This paper introduces three articles on body-oriented work in Gestalt therapy. The three articles and their authors are described. Implications for strengths and weaknesses of the Gestalt approach are discussed. Weak areas include a lack of detailed understanding of embodiment, lack of developmental theory, and theoretical limits in the integration of spirituality in treatment. Strengths include the syncretic capacity of the Gestalt approach to integrate from outside of our given theory and practice.
Toward a Cognitive Map of Change
Authors: Fleming Karen P. , Jackson C. Wesley
Published: February 2018

This study mapped important dimensions of change from the perspective of the person experiencing the change. Results suggest that people who face a variety of meaningful changes relate to a common set of cognitive goal and process perceptions. We conducted this study in two phases. In the first phase 47 people from both a university and a community setting responded to open-ended questions about a self-selected, anticipated change. We analyzed the content of subjects' responses to develop a list of descriptors of goal and a list of descriptors of process. We developed items based on these descriptors and based on specific Gestalt therapy concepts. In the second phase 304 university students named an anticipated change. Subjects rated items, which described the goal and process of their future change. Eighteen factors were extracted from the 65 x 65 goal correlation matrix by principal component analysis. Twenty-seven factors were extracted from the 95 x 95 process correlation matrix by principal component analysis. In both cases factorization was controlled based on an eigenvalue equal to, or greater than, 1.0. For both data sets the respective factors were rotated to Varimax criterion. Goal factors accounted for 65.0% of the total variance of the goal items. Process factors accounted for 67.3% of the total variance of the process items. If in future studies cognitive map is identified as a stable set of factors across another variety of changes, we may conclude with increasing confidence that people do compare their proposed changes to meaningful aspects of the field: how they know themselves, their relationships, and their resources.
Ethics: A Gestalt of Values/The Values of Gestalt: A Next Step
Authors: Lee Robert G.
Published: February 2018

The possibility of the existence of a Gestalt ethics, which can be derived from Gestalt theory, is explored. The roots of constructionist, intersubjective Gestalt field theory are reviewed from Ehrenfels's contribution through those of the Gestalt psychologists, Lewin, Goldstein, and Goodman. This theory highlights how person and environment are interconnected. From the theoretical existence and importance of this interconnection, together with an understanding of the field conditions of support and shame, a Gestalt ethics does emerge. A key ethic emerges as: ethical solutions must be field solutions, that is, solutions that further the development of both the individual and the environment. The possibility of a field theory-derived definition of health is also discussed.
Keeping the Spirit in the Organization: A Classroom as a Learning Community
Authors: Frew Jon
Published: February 2018

This article explores the proposition that a common outcome of the ongoing contact between the individual and the work organization is a gradual, but inexorable loss of the individual's spirit. Can work organizations embrace models and paradigms that address and challenge this phenomenon?

To answer this question, groups and teams in the workplace will be defined and differentiated. Senge's concepts of the “learning organization” and “team learning” will be introduced, and Gestalt therapy theory as applied to teaching and learning will be reviewed. The article concludes by applying the concept of learning organization to the university classroom and specific leadership and teaching approaches that can serve to create this type of organization.
A Commentary on: Keeping the Spirit in the Organization: A Classroom as a Learning Community
Authors: Hons Alan Meara B (Com)
Published: February 2018

Jon Frew compares the concepts of groups and teams and questions how their development may be different. He defines a group as having interaction and interdependence allowing individuals to achieve their goals, and a team as a highly functional group with communal or mutual goals. He takes the concept of the learning organization (Senge, 1990), which proposes a set of skills that allow teams to function creatively, and applies it in an example of a learning group in a higher education program in which Gestalt principles have also been applied. I will comment on the issues that Frew raises, offer another example to add to Frew's methods, and provide brief notes on how principles from non-linear systems may be used as an explanation of group dynamics.
Sandor Ferenczi, The “Grandfather of Gestalt Therapy”
Authors: Ginger Serge
Published: February 2018

This article underscores some concepts and therapeutic attitudes already developed by Ferenczi 25 years before Perls, such as: introjection, the potential richness of the counter-transference and of the personal involvement of the therapist, the importance of the process in the here and now of each session, the role of the emotions and the body and more. Both Ferenczi's and Perls' approaches are based on a warm humanistic philosophy, far from the cold and scientific approach of Freud. They consider the client in his environment and interpsychic and social relationships.

Perls quotes Ferenczi very seldom but it's very likely that he knew his writings and theories which were quite popular in Germany in the thirties. So I consider that Perls has been unconsciously strongly influenced by Ferenczi during the elaboration of Gestalt therapy.
La filosofía política de Alejandro Serrano Caldera
Authors: Silva Erwin
Published: February 2018

El propósito de este trabajo consiste en analizar la red conceptual que opera en el discurso filosófico político del pensador nicaragüense Alejandro Serrano Caldera. Además mostrar las propuestas y definiciones que se encuentran en algunas de sus obras que compendian los temas de su filosofía política para Nicaragua y el aporte a la filosofía latinoamericana desde la vertiente de una filosofía de la conciencia y de la libertad.
Carta al Instituto Martin Luther King-UPOLI
Authors: Poniatowska Elena
Published: February 2018

Carta al Instituto Martin Luther King-UPOLI
Los retos de la educación superior
Authors: Editor El
Published: February 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 89, 2002: 561-566
La vacuidad cultural como sistema histórico prometedor de una sustancialidad poética en José Lezama Lima
Authors: Seguin Marie-Christine
Published: February 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 89, 2002: 675-683
Exclusión versus inclusión: democratización y reforma económica en Centroamérica
Authors: Durán Nadire , González Luis Armando
Published: February 2018

No abstracts available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 91, 2003: 57-82
La sociedad del conocimiento : el orden del cambio
Authors: Lamo de Espinosa Emilio
Published: February 2018

No abstracts available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 91, 2003: 115-144
La falacia del poder de la demanda
Authors: Alvarado Paul
Published: February 2018

No abstracts available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 92, 2003: 181-210
Etica y mercado de valores
Authors: López de Goicoechea Zabala Javier
Published: February 2018

No abstracts available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 92, 2003: 251-285
Böll, Heinrich: Leer nos hace rebeldes
Authors: Alvarenga Luis
Published: February 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 95, 2003: 703-705
Libertad bajo palabra, Akira Yoshimura
Authors: Molina Velásquez Carlos
Published: February 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 95, 2003: 707-710
Diógenes, "el Perro", solo contra todos
Authors: Réserve Roody
Published: February 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 95, 2003: 711-717
Cidadania e Instrução no Império: uma leitura da modernidade brasileira / Citizenship and Instruction in the Empire: a reading of Brazilian modernity
Authors: Verona Priscilla
Published: February 2018

O século XIX representou no contexto histórico nacional um período de grande relevância para a compreensão das bases do projeto de Nação que se construía no Brasil imperial. Ao pensarmos a questão educacional e a institucionalização do ensino pelo Estado nos parece oportuno refletir as relações com o processo de construção da cidadania, a qual se formula com características singulares e particularmente ligadas ao nosso contexto histórico e político. Cabe analisar de que forma a instrução consolidou-se por sua vez, assumindo assim como nossa cidadania, suas singularidades. Mantivemo-nos durante o século XIX em sintonia com o tempo histórico que acentua a consolidação dos Estados modernos, tempo que caracterizou os cenários políticos de diversos países, inclusive do Brasil império.* * *The XIX century represented in the national historical context a period of great relevance for the understanding of the bases of the project of Nation that was constructed in imperial Brazil. When thinking about the educational question and the institutionalization of state education, it seems appropriate to reflect the relationship with the process of citizenship construction, which is formulated with singular characteristics and particularly linked to our historical and political context. It is necessary to analyze how the education consolidated itself in its turn, assuming as our citizenship, its singularities. We kept up during the nineteenth century in tune with historical time that accentuated the consolidation of modern states, a time that characterized the political scenarios of various countries, including Brazil empire.
Fotografias do ensino comercial: representações visuais no Senac Paraná (1947-1961) / Photos of the commercial education: visual representations at Senac Paraná (1947-1961)
Authors: Peraceta Danuza Woellner Pacce
Published: February 2018

O Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial – Senac, foi criado de 1946 e instalado no Paraná, em 07 de julho de 1947, no intuito de desenvolver cursos do ensino comercial ao público interessado em atuar profissionalmente em estabelecimentos do comércio. Com base nas imagens fotográficas do acervo próprio da instituição foi possível identificar possíveis representações visuais presentes nas salas de aula do Senac/PR no período compreendido entre 1947 a 1961. * * *The National Service of Commercial Learning-Senac, was created in 1946 and installed in Parana, in July 07, 1947 in order to develop commercial education courses to the public interested in acting professionally in trade establishments. Based on photographic images of the acquis of the institution it was possible to identify possible Visual representations present in classrooms at Senac-PR in the period from 1947 to 1961.
“Acusamos o recebimento do vosso ofício”: o Conselho de Intendência do Serro e a intrução pública da República, de 1890 a 1892 / "We accept the receipt of your office": the Serro Intendance Council and the public instruction of the Republic, 1890 to 1892
Authors: Briskievicz Danilo Arnaldo
Published: February 2018

Analisamos a conjuntura de criação e funcionamento do Conselho de Intendência do Serro no período de 23 de janeiro de 1890 a 07 de março de 1892, em especial sua Inspeção Municipal, responsável pelo novo projeto modernizador da instrução pública no município-sede e seus distritos. Discutimos a respeito dos conflitos inerentes ao novo projeto de instrução pública considerando quatro pontos: o primeiro é como o ideário positivista da modernização da instrução pública se manifestou; o segundo é como a imensidade geográfica do município e de seus distritos afetou o projeto renovador; o terceiro é como o funcionamento burocrático através de documentos se dava no contexto (impactado pelas reformas de Leôncio de Carvalho, de 1879 e de Benjamin Constant, iniciada em 1890) e o quarto é o embate republicano na imprensa serrana. A metodologia utilizada é a de pesquisa documental das fontes primárias do Conselho de Intendência do Arquivo de Câmara do IPHAN Serro, bem como de fontes primárias e secundárias da história do Serro, de Minas Gerais e do Brasil, como leis, decretos, portarias, recibos de obras e livros, além de fontes secundárias de autores ligados à história da educação imperial e republicana para ampliação conceitual do contexto pesquisado. Espera-se como resultado oferecer uma contribuição para a história da educação no Brasil republicano. * * *We analyze the creation and functioning of the Serro Council Intendance of from January 23, 1890 to March 7, 1892, in particular its Municipal Inspection, responsible for the new modernization project of public education in the city and its districts. We discussed the conflicts inherent in the new public education project considering four points: the first is how the positivist ideology of the modernization of public instruction manifested itself; the second is how the geographical immensity of the municipality and its districts affected the renovating project; the third is how the bureaucratic operation through documents occurred in the context (impacted by the reforms of Leôncio de Carvalho, 1879 and Benjamin Constant, begun in 1890) and the fourth is the republican clash in the mountain press. The methodology used is documentary research of the primary sources of the Council of Intendance of the Chamber Archive of IPHAN Serro, as well as primary and secondary sources in the history of Serro, Minas Gerais and Brazil, such as laws, decrees, ordinances, receipts works and books, as well as secondary sources of authors related to the history of imperial and republican education for conceptual extension of the researched context. As a result, it is expected to contribute to the history of education in republican Brazil.
Differences in Work Values by Gender and Generation: Evidence from Egypt
Authors: Dajani Maha Ahmed Zaki
Published: February 2018

This research was built on the previous research titled “The Mediating Role of Work Values in the Relationship between Islamic Religiosity and Job Performance: Empirical Evidence from Egyptian Public Health Sector” (2017) and continued to examine work values differences based on gender and generation. A quota sampling procedure was used to survey (400) participants in (10) public Egyptian hospitals. The positive response rate of the target population was (83.75%). Work values were measured using Lyon Work Values Survey (LWVS) revised 25-item scale to assess four types of work values, namely, instrumental values, cognitive values, social/altruistic values, and prestige values. It also ranked the importance of each of these 25-items according to gender and age. A confirmatory factor analysis, using AMOS 20, was conducted to confirm the factor structure of the used scale on the target population. The Findings revealed that there exists a similarity on the high importance of instrumental work values to both males and females, in all age groups. Dissimilarities are more apparent among other types of work values based on gender and generations. These results suggested that understanding work values differences based on these two demographic factors have a significant impact on the improvement of human resources practices and the development of management theory.
La estructura del protocolo y las relaciones públicas en el estado de las autonomías
Authors: Otero Alvarado María Teresa
Published: February 2018

Desde los orígenes de la humanidad, en todas las civilizaciones, el  proto­ colo ha sido el elemento ordenador de los ámbitos espacio-temporales en los que ha tenido lugar cualquier aparición pública o manifestación exter­ na de aquellas personas o grupos que han  ejercido el poder. Aparece  en cualquier grupo humano y período histórico, sin discernir sobre el carácter legítimo o ilegítimo  de ese poder: ordena  las actuaciones  y los espacios públicos donde se ejerce con criterios prácticos, al margen de regímenes políticos y formas que éstos adopten (totalitarios o democráticos,  repúbli­ cas o monarquías).
Evaluación y eficacia del branded content: un estudio empírico
Authors: Del Pino Cristina , Reinares Lara Ricardo
Published: February 2018

El presente trabajo ofrece los resultados de una investigación centrada en el binomio compuesto por el branded content -formato publicitario consistente en la creación de contenidos por parte de la marca-, y el que según Infoadex es el primer anunciante en términos de inversión publicitaria en España, el grupo El Corte Inglés. La muestra la conforman un conjunto de 361 individuos y el medio en el que se programa el formato de branded content a analizar es Internet. El objetivo es esclarecer la eficacia y utilidad de éste formato, uno de los más significativos dentro del panorama de iniciativas publicitarias que van más allá de la publicidad convencional, y analizar la rentabilidad y pertinencia de este espacio para el anunciante.
Las primeras agencias españolas de publicidad: 1912-1934
Authors: Fernández Poyatos Ma Dolores
Published: February 2018

La Historia, en todos los órdenes, reconoce en el primer tercio del siglo XX la modernidad española. Esta consideración ha guiado nuestro interés en un ámbito bastante desconocido de la historia publicitaria en España: la agencia de publicidad, agente incuestionable del desarrollo y evolución del sector publicitario. Para su estudio, nos hemos servido de fuentes documentales de la época, que han derivado en el hallazgo de testimonios, cuyo resultado primordial ha sido el de verificar la creación de numerosas agencias hasta ahora inéditas.
Marketing Strategies of Mobile Game Application Entrepreneurs
Authors: Waller Talaya C , Hockin Robert J , Smith Gina S
Published: February 2018

Mobile game application entrepreneurs can offer many benefits to the U.S. economy; however, 80% of the entrepreneurs in this study stated that marketing their mobile applications was a major business challenge. Based on Schumpeter’s theory of economic development and new value creation of technological innovation, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the strategies that entrepreneurs have used to market their mobile game application development businesses successfully. Twenty mobile game application entrepreneurs from northern California, who successfully sustained their businesses for 3 or more years, completed semistructured interviews. Moustakas' modified van Kaam method was used and included coding and organizing data into 5 primary themes that emerged from the analysis. The findings suggest that social media and networks are essential for marketing success, and mobile games should be innovative to ensure competitive advantages.
Professional Development and Educational Policy: A Comparison of Two Fields in Education
Authors: Martin Linda E , Kragler Sherry , Frazier Denise
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this paper is to compare two fields of research related to school reform: professional development and educational policy. A content analysis of the literature in both fields revealed two areas where they align (i.e., a focus on teachers’ professional development and the idea that change takes time) as well as two areas where there are differences (i.e., theoretical grounding of each field and planning for teachers’ learning). Considerations for successful school reform are suggested.
Electrochemical behaviour of selenite ions in tartaric electrolytes
Authors: Majidzade Vusala Asim , Aliyev Akif Shikhan , Guliyev Parvin Haydar , Babayev Yasin Nagi , Elrouby Mahmoud , Tagiyev Dilgam Babir
Published: February 2018

In recent years, a great interest has been emerged on electrochemical preparation of semiconductor films based on selenium. Therefore, a study of electrochemical reduction of selenium could be very important. In this work, the kinetics and mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of selenite ions on the Pt cathode have been studied in the electrolyte containing selenious and tartaric acids. The study shows that electroreduction of selenite ions from tartaric electrolytes proceeds in two stages. The effect of various factors on the cathodic reduction of selenium ions has also been studied. The effective activation energy was calculated using the polarization curves of the temperature dependence of the electroreduction process of selenite ions. It was established that the process of electroreduction under investigation is proceeding by mixed kinetics, at first by concentration and then by electrochemical polarization.
Carl Nielsen and Intentionality. Concerning the Editing of Nielsen’s Works
Authors: Hauge Peter
Published: February 2018

Compared with the ongoing debates in modern text criticism, problems concerning music editing – in particular with regard to nineteenth and early twentieth-century music – has only received scant attention. The present article seeks to explore the theories of editing modern texts with the editing of Nielsen’s musical works. There are three main sections: the first presents modern Anglo-American discussions on understanding the complexities of authorial intention and its function in an editing process. Though Gregg’s copy-text method (1950) is still very much in use, modern text critics, notably McGann, have often argued in favour of a different approach towards the concept of ‘authorial intention’, seeking to include the social context or setting; according to Tanselle, however, no satisfactory method has been proposed which could take these aspects into consideration. The second section deals with the understanding of the work-concept of music. This leads to the proposal of distinguishing between score, notation and performance when dealing with musical works. The distinction is made between those elements which are part of the work and those elements which rely on performance and performance practice conventions. The article concludes with three case studies of Nielsen’s works illustrating the complex problems concerning the determination of authorial intention – final as well as original – and the employment of versions. The works dealt with are Symphony no. 1 (1894), Masquerade (1906) and Andante tranquillo e Scherzo for string orchestra (1887).
Carl Nielsen and the Radio
Authors: Ketting Knud
Published: February 2018

On 1 April 1925 Denmark introduced national control of its hitherto privately run and relatively chaotic radio broadcasting. Denmark would quickly show itself to be one of Europe’s leading nations with regard to both the number of licence-paying listeners and the role of serious music in broadcasting policy. This situation was also reflected very directly in the case of Carl Nielsen. Out of the total of 5,802 performances of his work which the article’s author has been able to document until Nielsen’s death in 1931, 922 (or nearly a sixth) were either produced directly for radio (where in general all music was broadcast live), or broadcast via Danish and foreign radio. Nielsen’s attitude to the new medium was ambivalent from the beginning and gradually cooled. Indeed, the head of the Danish State Radio, kammersanger Emil Holm, was one of his friends, and Nielsen readily accepted when he was asked to conduct his own works at the concerts, which marked milestones in the newly founded Radio Orchestra’s development. He was also a member of the committee that decided in 1926 which type of transmitter the new radio station in Kalundborg would use. But he composed only a few, not especially important new works for radio use, and does not seem to have been clear about what the radio medium meant for his music at a European level. The article presents a series of hitherto unknown documents concerning Carl Nielsen’s relationship to the radio medium, and includes a schematic chart in the appendix offering a detailed overview of which Nielsen works a listener could have heard, and when, on Danish and foreign radio stations up until the composer’s death.
Carl Nielsen's 'Folk-like' Songs and the 'Danish National Tone'
Authors: Reynolds Anne-Marie
Published: February 2018

The notion of ‘Danishness’ remains a sensitive issue in Denmark, not only in reference to music, but also within the broader socio-political arena, in part because of the tensions caused by the influx of Middle-Eastern immigrants. The recent public debate, rash of publications on national identity, and creation of a Danish cultural canon are surely no coincidence. Against this backdrop, it is perhaps not surprising that Karen Vestergard and Ida-Marie Vorre’s 2006 study on Danishness in Nielsen’s folk-like songs sparked controversy, since the authors conclude that there is actually nothing inherently Danish about them, challenging the conventional wisdom that Nielsen’s folkelige songs express the ‘Danish national tone’. Yet even if one cannot verify Danish traits in these songs, it is possible to separate features of the European folk song tradition from Nielsen’s distinctive compositional practices. For example, whereas the songs’ folk-like character is mostly concentrated in the melody, their expressive quality derives largely from the harmonic language, an aspect not considered by Vestergaard and Vorre in their purely melodic analysis. Indeed, many songs manifest in miniature the shifting diatonicism that has been found to thwart expectation in Nielsen’s large-scale compositions. So even if these songs do not exhibit uniquely Danish traits, they do bear Nielsen’s stamp. This begs the question: if a country’s foremost composer has written songs that, for various extrinsic reasons, have become part of the collective folk heritage, cannot his stylistic characteristics, by extension, be considered nationalistic? Perhaps there was no Danish national tone before Nielsen, but over time, specifically through association with his music, these traits have come to represent Danishness, a perspective I argue in this article.
Carl Nielsen and Knud Jeppesen. Connections and Collaborations, Influences and Significances
Authors: Hansen Thomas Holme
Published: February 2018

The Danish musicologist Knud Jeppesen (1892-1974) is best known as a prominent figure in modern musicology during several decades of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, he was a student of Carl Nielsen who remained a life long inspiration and model to Jeppesen. Jeppesen became a permanent part of the composer’s circle of musical friends and collaborators during the last 15 years of Nielsen’s life - serving as a sort of assistant to Nielsen and being marginally involved in Nielsen’s work on some of his compositions - and he remained in contact with Nielsen’s relatives many years after the composer’s death in 1931. In addition to several weighty and important articles on Carl Nielsen, Jeppesen gave many lectures on Nielsen, he was one of the principal organizers in the establishment in 1935 of the Carl Nielsen Archive at the Royal Library, Copenhagen, and he held the post of president of the Danish Carl Nielsen Society 1966-72. In the process of dealing with the archival heritage of Jeppesen various documents have emerged, including unknown Jeppesen correspondence with the Nielsen family after the composer’s death. Apart from outlining the Jeppesen-Nielsen correspondence the article adresses some lesser known or even uncharted areas of the Jeppesen-Nielsen-connection, for example Jeppesen’s earliest experiences with Carl Nielsen’s music and his studies with Nielsen. The presentation is rounded off with considerations on the ‘missing’ Jeppesen book on Carl Nielsen, and the overall relationship between the two men, as teachers as well as students.
Flatwards Bound: Defining Harmonic Flavour in Late Nielsen
Authors: Rival Robert
Published: February 2018

Early studies of Nielsen’s harmony focused on large-scale tonal design, tracking the progression of key areas across large spans of time. With this foundation in place attention has increasingly turned to moment-to-moment qualities in Nielsen’s harmony. Fanning, for instance, attributes its ‘characteristic flavour’ to the ‘interpenetration of modal and tonal elements’. I attempt to define this ‘flavour’ by identifying at least some of its ingredients in passages taken principally from the Fourth and Fifth Symphonies and from the Clarinet Concerto. After discussing the variety of ways and contexts in which these modulations unfold – modulation to a remote key; non-functional modulation; modal interchange and polymodality; mobile pitches and oscillating macroharmony; superimposed scales; and, fluctuating collection modulation – I conclude that Nielsen has a tendency to modulate flatwards at the local level. My approach is informed by Dmitri Tymoczko’s A Geometry of Music: Harmony and Counterpoint in the Extended Common Practice (2011).