bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Could Premature Ventricular Contractions Lead to Atrial Remodeling?
Authors: Parsova Kemal Emrecan , keles Nursen , Kahraman Erkan , Bastopcu Murat , Karatas Mesut , Yelgec Nizamettin Selcuk
Published: August 2022

Background Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is a
frequent kind of arrhythmia that affects around %1 of the general
population. While PVC most frequently impairs ventricular function in
structurally normal heart, retrograde ventriculo-atrial conduction can
occur in people with PVC. These retrograde atrial activations may mimic
pulmonary vein-derived atrial ectopies. As a result, PVC may raise the
risk of AF by retrograde ventriculo-atrial conduction. The
Four-Dimensional Automated Left Atrial Quantification (4D Auto LAQ) tool
is a left atrial analytical approach that utilizes three-dimensional
volume data to quantify the volume, as well as LA longitudinal and
circumferential strains. The purpose of this study was to determine if
clinical diagnosis of PVC is connected with abnormal LA function as
determined by LA strain evaluation utilizing a 4D Auto LAQ compared to
the healthy population. Methods The 58 patients with frequent
PVCs and 53 healthy volunteers as a control group were enrolled in the
study. Imaging was performed using the GE Vivid E95 echocardiography
equipment (GE Healthcare; Vingmed Ultrasound, Horten, Norway) equipped
with an M5S probe (frequency range: 1.5–4.6 MHz) and a 4V probe
(frequency range: 1.5–4.0 MHz). Images were imported into and were
selected for analysis using the EchoPAC203 software (GE Healthcare). The
analysis mode was selected, followed by the volume and 4D Auto LAQ
submodes. Following that, the sample point was positioned in the center
of the mitral orifice in each of the three planes. The review function
was used to acquire the LA parameters measured by 4D Auto LAQ, including
volume and strain parameters. Results The maximum left atrial
volume (LAVmax) and minimal left atrial volume (LAVmin) were
signifcantly higher in the patient group (38.91 ± 9.72 vs. 46.31 ±
10.22, 17.75 ± 4.52 vs. 23.10 ± 7.13 respectively, all p values
<0,001). On the other hand left atrial reservoir longitudinal
strain (LASr), conduit longitudinal strain (LAScd), contraction
longitudinal strain (LASct), reservoir circumferential strain (LASr-c),
conduit circumferential strain (LAScd-c), and contraction
circumferential strain (LASct-c) were signifcantly lower in patient
group (26.64 ± 5.64 vs.19.16 ± 4.58, -19.53 ± 3.72vs.-11.28 ± 3.47,
-10.34 ± 1.56 vs.-4.59 ± 1.49, 30.72 ± 4.04 vs.19.31 ± 2.60, -19.91 ±
1.78 vs. -13.38 ± 2.85,-15.89 ± 6.37vs.-9.24 ± 1.63 , respectively, all
p values <0,001). Conclusions The present study found
that premature ventricular complexes can lead to atrial remodeling as
well as ventricular remodeling in patients with PVC and 4D LAQ
technology can quantitatively examine left atrial function and determine
these alterations early.
Symbiont-specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis
Authors: Almer Jasmin , Resl Philipp , Gudmundsson Hörður , Warshan Denis , Andresson Olafur , Werth Silke
Published: August 2022

Photosymbiodemes are a special case of lichen symbiosis where one
lichenized fungus engages in symbiosis with two different photosynthetic
partners, a cyanobacterium and a green alga, to develop two distinctly
looking photomorphs. We investigated differential gene expression in
photosymbiodemes of the lichen Peltigera britannica at different
temperatures representing mild and putatively stressful conditions and
compared gene expression of thallus sectors containing cyanobacterial
photobionts with thallus sectors with both green algal and
cyanobacterial photobionts. Firstly, because of known ecological
differences between photomorphs, we investigated symbiont-specific
responses in gene expression to temperature increases. Secondly, we
quantified photobiont-mediated differences in fungal gene expression.
High temperatures expectedly led to an upregulation of genes involved in
heat shock responses in all organisms in whole transcriptome data. As
expected, the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis was
increased in both photobiont types at 15 and 25 °C. The green algae
exhibited thermal stress responses mainly at 25 °C, the fungus and the
cyanobacteria already at 15 °C, demonstrating symbiont-specific
responses to environmental cues and symbiont-specific ecological optima.
Furthermore, photobiont-mediated differences in fungal gene expression
could be identified, with upregulation of distinct biological processes
in the different morphs, showing that interaction with specific
symbiosis partners profoundly impacts fungal gene expression.
Data-driven sampling pattern design for sparse spotlight SAR imaging
Authors: Zhao Yao , Huang Wenkun , Quan Xiangyin , Ling Bingo , Zhang Zhe
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a joint optimization method for the imaging
algorithm and sampling scheme of sparse spotlight syhthetic aperture
radar (SAR) imaging based on deep convolutional neural networks.
Traditional compressed sensing (CS) based sparse SAR imaging has been
widely studied. Deep learning and sparse unfolding networks have been
introduced into sparse SAR imaging, but most current works focus only on
the imaging stage and simply adopt the conventional uniform or random
down-sampling scheme. Considering that the imaging quality also depends
on the sampling pattern besides the imaging algorithm, this paper
introduces a learning-based strategy to jointly optimize the sampling
scheme and the imaging network parameters of the reconstruction module.
In a deep learning-based image reconstruction scheme, joint and
continuous optimization of the sampling patterns and convolutional
neural network parameters is achieved to improve the image quality.
Simulation results based on real SAR image dataset illustrate the
effectiveness and superiority of the proposed framework.
Are cleaner fishes replaceable on coral reefs as consumers of fish ectoparasites?
Authors: Nicholson Matthew , Pagan Juan , Hendrick Gina , Sikkel Paul
Published: August 2022

Specialist species have evolved to fill narrow niches but are especially
susceptible to environmental change. With sufficient functional
redundancy, ecosystem services can persist without specialists. Grooming
behaviors are common in both terrestrial and aquatic organisms. However,
in aquatic systems there is a heavy reliance on intraspecific mutualisms
where specialist species groom or “clean” parasites off host fishes.
Here, we sampled the gut contents of 709 fishes, representing 61 species
and including both cleaner and non-cleaner fishes, to compare their
consumption of gnathiid isopods, the most common fish ectoparasites. We
found that cleaner fishes eat significantly more gnathiids, and eat them
more frequently, compared to non-cleaner fishes. Our results highlight
the importance of both dedicated and facultative cleaners as consumers
of ectoparasites and show that their role cannot be supplanted by
generalist consumers. Furthermore, we suggest that different cleaner
species act as complementary rather than redundant specialists.
The bioaccumulative potential of heavy metals in five forest species living in mining environments in the Ecuadorian Amazon region
Authors: Garcia-Quintana Yudel , Bravo-Sánchez Luis Ramón , Grefa Dixon Andi , Guerrón-Torres Jorge de Jesús , Rosero-Sanchez Jenny Elizabeth , Arteaga-Crespo Yasiel
Published: August 2022

Pollution caused by heavy metals in soils and ecosystems is an
environmental problematic that requires urgent attention due to the
ecological problems that it generates. Forest species can be used to
mitigate contamination because of their potential to bioaccumulate
contaminating metals. Hence, the aim of this research was to identify
tree species with good heavy metal bioaccumulating capacities that can
contribute to mitigate pollution. The bioconcentration factor for five
forest species, such as: Spanish cedar ( Cedrela odorata L.),
cutanga ( Parkia multijuga Benth.), guaba or ice cream bean (
Inga edulis Mart.), guarumo ( Cecropia ficifolia Warb. ex
Snethl.) and Amazon tree grape ( Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart.),
commonly found in the Ecuadorian Amazon was analysed, based on the
relationship between the leaves and soil concentration of the heavy
metals. For heavy metal analysis in leaves and soil samples of each
plant species, atomic absorption spectrometry was used. The results
showed that P. cecropiifolia had the highest bioconcentration
factor for lead, C. odorata for cadmium and nickel, and I.
edulis had the highest potential for iron and aluminium absorption. Any
kind of correlation between the concentration of each element in soil
and leaves was found, which shows that the bioaccumulation capacity of
the species studied does not determine the concentration of metals in
the soil.
Combustion inhibition of cup-burner flame with C2HF3Cl2 and its kinetics mechanism investigation
Authors: Zhao Yang , Zhang Xiao
Published: August 2022

In order to explore the possibility of C2HF3Cl2 (R123) for the fire
extinguishing agent of aircraft cargo compartment, this paper conducted
experimental and theoretical research on the fire extinguishing
performance and mechanism of R123, furthermore, the analogous C2HF5
(R125) was compared to explore the in-depth fire extinguishing
mechanism. The minimum extinguishing concentration (MEC) of R123 in
methane/air flames is 7.31 %, which is lower than 8.91 % of R125. And
the experimental results reveal interesting examples of flame height and
temperature changed with the addition of R123. The flame height had a
phenomenon to increase first and then decrease, in comparison, the flame
height kept rising with R125 adding. And the change in height reflected
the addition of R123 to affect the movement of the reaction kernel, so
that the temperature at different heights changed, but the temperature
as a whole showed the tendence of decreasing. In addition, theoretical
calculations indicated that R123 and pyrolysis products could affect the
combustion reaction, such as CF3CHCl2+H=CF3CHCl+HCl, HCl + OH = Cl +
H2O, CF3CH2Cl=CF3+CH2Cl, these fluorine-containing or
chlorine-containing groups generated had an excellent effect on the
suppression of combustion chain reactions. The in-depth experimental and
theoretical study of R123 boost the development of ideal halon
replacement in aircraft cargo compartment.
Modified Range-Doppler Algorithm for High Squint SAR Imaging
Authors: Tang Chuanbin , liu tianhao , Cui Kaibo , Yuan Naichang
Published: August 2022

A modified range-Doppler algorithm (M-RDA) for high squint synthetic
aperture radar (SAR) imaging is proposed in this letter. In the M-RDA,
the range walk (RW) is removed firstly by multiplying a preprocessing
function in range frequency-azimuth time domain, which is the dominant
component of the totle range cell migration (RCM). There is no
interpolation operation in the proposed M-RDA, which greatly improves
its computational efficiency. To obtain a well-focused SAR image, the
fourth-order phase error is considered to achieve accurate azimuthal
compression. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is
proved by the point target simulation results.
Genome-scale signatures of adaptive gene expression changes in an invasive seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla
Authors: Xiang Jing-Xi , Mahasweta Saha , Zhong Kei-Le , Zhang Quan-Sheng , Zhang Di , Jueterbock Alexander , Krueger-Hadfield Stacy , Wang Gao-Ge , Weinberger Florian , Hu Zi-Min
Published: August 2022

Invasive species can successfully and rapidly colonize new niches and
expand ranges via founder effects and enhanced tolerance towards
environmental stresses. However, the underpinning molecular mechanisms
(i.e., gene expression changes) facilitating rapid adaptation to harsh
environments are still poorly understood. The red seaweed Gracilaria
vermiculophylla, which is native to the northwest Pacific but invaded
North American and European coastal habitats over the last 100 years,
provides an excellent model to examine whether enhanced tolerance at the
level of gene expression contributed to its invasion success. We
collected G. vermiculophylla from its native range in Japan and from two
non-native regions along the Delmarva Peninsula (Eastern United States)
and in Germany. Thalli were reared in a common garden for four months at
which time we performed comparative transcriptome (mRNA) and microRNA
(miRNA) sequencing. MRNA-expression profiling identified 59 genes that
were differently expressed between native and non-native thalli. Of
these genes, most were involved in metabolic pathways, including
photosynthesis, abiotic stress, and biosynthesis of products and
hormones in all four non-native sites. MiRNA-based target-gene
correlation analysis in native/non-native pairs revealed that some
target genes are positively or negatively regulated via epigenetic
mechanisms. Importantly, these genes are mostly associated with
metabolism and defense capability. Thus, our gene expression results
indicate that resource reallocation to metabolic processes is most
likely a predominant mechanism contributing to the range-wide
persistence and adaptation of G. vermiculophylla in the invaded range.
This study therefore provides a novel molecular insight into the speed
and nature of invasion-mediated rapid adaption.
Are higher antidepressant plasma concentrations associated with fall risk in older antidepressant users?
Authors: Pronk anouschka , Poelgeest Eveline van , Seppala Lotta , Ploegmakers Kim , Stricker B H , Swart-Polinder Karin , Dijk Suzanne van , Oliai Sadaf , Groot Lisette de , Schoor Natasja M. van , Mathot Ron , Velde Nathalie van der
Published: August 2022

Aim Antidepressants are well-established fall-risk increasing
drugs(FRIDs) and therefore falls should be considered an important
adverse drug event(ADE) of antidepressants. However, not all
antidepressant users experience fall incidents and factors associated
with increased fall risk among antidepressant users are incompletely
understood. Our objective was to explore whether antidepressant plasma
concentrations are associated with falls in older antidepressant users.
Methods For this study, we included antidepressant users of the
multicenter B-PROOF study. Fall incidents were recorded prospectively
using fall calendars. Antidepressant plasma concentrations were analyzed
by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) at baseline and at 2
years follow-up. The associations between the observed antidepressant
concentration, or concentration change over time (delta) and fall risk
were assessed using Cox proportional hazard and logistic regression
models and adjusted for potential confounders. Results In total 93
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRI) and 41 antidepressant(TCA)
users were identified. There was a significant association between
baseline TCA plasma concentration and fall risk within users (HR 2.50,
95% CI 1.07-5.87, crude model). Adjusted there were no significant
associations between concentrations of SSRIs and fall risk. Also, for
delta concentrations there was no association with fall risk in users.
Conclusion There might be an association between plasma concentrations
of TCAs and the risk of falling in older users. However, these results
needs to be interpreted with caution considering the small sample size
and accompanying limitation of confinement to crude analyses. Therefore,
replication in a larger cohort, preferably including adjustment for
potential confounders and more frequent measures of plasma
concentrations is needed.
Sweet… Or not so sweet?
Authors: Saldanha Cristina , Rodrigues Eduardo , Leme Hugo , Gouveia Ana
Published: August 2022

Sweet Syndrome, or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is
characterized by tender erythematous skin lesions (Figure 1 and 2)
frequently associated with fever and leukocytosis. Despite being an
uncommon inflammatory disease, it is triggered by infections, pregnancy,
drugs and malignancy. We report a case of a man diagnosed with Sweet
Syndrome.
Theoretical Study of Multi-Coordinated Xe(AuF)n (n = 2-4): Intriguing Bond-bending Isomerism
Authors: Luo Dongze , Yuan Qinqin , Cheng Longjiu
Published: August 2022

This work reports a theoretical study of a novel family of
multi-coordinated noble gas (Ng) complexes, Xe(AuF)n (n = 2-4).
Geometrical optimization at the LC-ωPBE-D3/def2TZVPP level locates two
types of structures based on the bond-bending isomerism induced by an
intramolecular competition between Xe-Au covalent bonding and Au···Au
aurophilic interactions. They both comprise a center Xe atom serving as
an electron donor binding to AuF moieties, but pronouncedly differ in
the Au-Au distance and Au-Xe-Au bending angle. Comprehensive chemical
bonding analysis undisputedly demonstrates that aurophilic interactions
exist and affect the strength of Xe-Au bonds whose covalent nature is
evident. By scanning the potential energy surface of Xe(AuF)2 with
arbitrary one atom being substituted by its analogue, we found only
Xe(AuF)2 and Xe(AuCl)2 feature bond-bending isomerism, due to the highly
electronegative F/Cl atom inducing strongly covalent Xe-Au bond via
electron donation-feedback mechanism. The present work predicts
multi-coordinated Ng-metal complexes and demonstrates the bond-bending
isomerism, which could be an interesting addition and call out more
attentions to the research field of Ng chemistry.
Will inducing low-risk women at 40 weeks improve the outcomes of mothers and babies? A retrospective cohort, observational, single-centre study
Authors: Ren Huiyan , Zuo Qing , Pan Yi , Zhu XinXin , Yin Tingting , zhang min , Yin Yin , ge zhiping , Lu Hongmei , Jiang Ziyan
Published: August 2022

Objective We compared maternal and foetal outcomes between termination
gestational age at 40 0/7-40 6/7 and 41 0/7-41 6/7 weeks. Design
Retrospective cohort, observational, single-centre study. Setting
Jiangsu Province Hospital, China: January 2020-December 2020 Population
1569 low-risk pregnancies. Methods Maternal medical records and neonatal
delivery data were analysed retrospectively. Main outcome measures
Difference in adverse outcomes of mothers and babies between termination
gestational age at 40 0/7-40 6/7 and 41 0/7-41 6/7 weeks. Results The
study included 1569 pregnancies, with 1107 (70.6%) delivered at 40
0/7-40 6/7 weeks and 462 (29.4%) delivered at 41 0/7-41 6/7 weeks.
Intrapartum caesarean section (8% versus 16%, P<0.001),
meconium-stained amniotic fluid (13% versus 19%, P=0.004), episiotomy
(41% versus 49%, P=0.011), and macrosomia (13% versus 18%, P=0.026)
were significantly lower at 40 0/7-40 6/7 weeks. The premature rupture
of membranes rate(22% versus 12%, P<0.001), spontaneous
labour rate(54% versus 20%, P<0.001), vaginal delivery rate
of artificial rupture of membrane induction (83% versus 71%, P=0.006)
and balloon catheter combined with oxytocin induction (88% versus 79%,
P=0.049) were significantly higher at 40 0/7-40 6/7 weeks. Conclusions
Low-risk women who delivered at 40 0/7-40 6/7 weeks showed better
outcomes in terms of the mother’s and baby’s health, such as decreased
rates of intrapartum caesarean section, meconium-stained amniotic fluid,
episiotomy, and macrosomia, compared with those who delivered at 41
0/7-41 6/7 weeks. Tweetable abstract Induction at 40 weeks will decrease
adverse outcomes of mothers and babies.
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Epidemic During COVID-19 in Iraq: A “double whammy”?
Authors: Shaikh Omer Ahmed , Shekha Manahil , Shaikh Gulrukh , Ullah Irfan , Khattak Zoia E. , Nashwan Abdulqadir
Published: August 2022

The Nairovirus causing the Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is
transferred mainly via ticks and farm animals. Its incidence is spread
over several countries broadly categorized into continents, including
Europe, Asia, and Africa. This editorial is shedding light on this
concerning pathogen and suggesting several strategies to tackle it.
Dynamic modelling and Chaos control for thin plate oscillator Using Bubnov-Galerkin integral method
Authors: Sun Hao , Jiao Xiaodong , Tao Jin , Sun Qinglin , Chen Zengqiang
Published: August 2022

Thin plate system based on acoustic vibration plays an important role in
micro nano manipulation and exploration of nonlinear science. In this
paper, starting from the actual thin plate system driven by acoustic
wave signals, combining the mechanical analysis of thin plate micro
element and the approximation approach Bubnov-Galerkin integral method,
the governing equation of a forced vibration square thin plate is
derived. Of note, the reaction force of the thin plate vibration system
is defined as f=αΙwΙ resembling the Hooke’s law. And then by solving
amplitude frequency response function of the thin plate oscillator using
the harmonic balance method, the amplitude-frequency curves under the
action of distinct parameters are analyzed with two different vibration
modes through numerical simulation. Further, the conservative chaotic
motions in the thin plate oscillator is demonstrated by the theory and
numerical method. Drawing the dynamics maps indicating the system states
reveals the evolution laws of the system. Through expounding the effect
of force fields and system energy, the underlying mechanism of chaos is
interpreted. Additionally, the phenomenon of chaos occurred in the
oscillator is controlled by the method of velocity and displacement
states feedback, which is meaningful for the engineering application.
The Effects of Globalized Media on Northern Cultures: A Case Study of Dagomba, Frafra and Wala Ethnic Groups in Tamale Metropolis
Authors: Anim Andy , Oppong Stephen , Geraldo Sarah , Suruju Gariba Mohammed , Obeng Richard , Ampiah Ocran Prince , Odonkor Shormei Naa
Published: August 2022

The existence of globalized media has influenced most people's ways of living, causing significant changes in Ghana's northern culture. Accepting different civilizations, such as Christian and Islamic civilizations, results in a hybridization of culture, which is shown in their way of life and attitudes regarding issues. This study uses the ethnic groupings of the Dagomba, Frafra, and Wala in Tamale to investigate the effects of globalized media. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research methods to collect relevant data. Using SPSS version 22, it also used descriptive statistics for descriptive analysis and cross-tabulations, as well as the Kendall Coefficient of Concordance to examine the amount of agreement for some specific variables. Out of the ninety people polled, 54 had a television, which they usually used to watch Telenovelas (42.2 %). The outcomes of this study imply that there is a favorable impact on Ghana's northern culture, as seen by their attitude toward social issues (65.6 %) and clothing style (23.3 %). This indicates that while there may be favorable cultural changes, there may also be bad changes. Globalized media, which has the highest rank of 1.73 in the Kendall Coefficient of Concordance, is at the center of it all, playing a vital role in interweaving cultures across time and place. The study suggests that, because the media has a favorable impact on people's attitudes toward social concerns in the north, media houses should promote more social programs
Dissociation of N2 by electron impact in electric and magnetic RF fields
Authors: Ristic Miroslav , Rankovic Radomir , Vojnovic Mirjana , Stankovic Violeta , Poparic Goran
Published: August 2022

Rate coefficients for electron impact dissociation of the N2 molecule under the influence of crossed radio-frequency (RF) electric and magnetic fields were calculated for field frequencies of 13.56, 100 and 200 MHz and for root mean square values of the reduced electric field strength of 300 and 500 Td. The root mean square values of the reduced magnetic field were varied from 0 to 2000 Hx. ?he effects of the strength of the RF fields and their frequency on the rates for the dissociation to neutral fragments and for the dissociative ionization are discussed. The temporal evolution of the rate coefficients during one period of the RF field is shown and discussed.
Early-Phase Changes in Serum Free Fatty Acid Levels After Glucose Intake Are Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Incidence: The Hiroshima Study on Glucose Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Sasaki Nobuo , Maeda Ryo , Ozono Ryoji , Yoshimura Kenichi , Nakano Yukiko , Higashi Yukihito
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Experimental studies suggest that excess serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels result in impaired glucose metabolism. This study investigated the relationship between changes in serum FFA levels after glucose intake and type 2 diabetes risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This observational study included 6,800 individuals without diabetes who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Serum FFA levels were measured before and 30 and 60 min after glucose intake. The percentages of changes in serum FFA levels from 0 to 30 and from 30 to 60 min were compared, and a low rate of change in FFA levels was determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

RESULTS

Over a mean 5.3-year follow-up period, 485 participants developed type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for plasma glucose levels and indices of insulin resistance and β-cell function, low rates of change in FFA levels at 0–30 min (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.91; 95% CI 1.54–2.37) and 30–60 min (aOR 1.48; 95% CI 1.15–1.90) were associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Stratified analysis revealed that the low rate of change in FFA levels at 30–60 min (aOR 1.97; 95% CI 1.05–3.69) was associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes even in participants with normal fasting glucose levels or glucose tolerance.

CONCLUSIONS

Changes in serum FFA levels within the 1st h after glucose intake could be a primary predictor of type 2 diabetes. This change may occur prior to the onset of impaired glucose metabolism.
COVID-19 Exacerbates Insulin Resistance During Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Keiner Elizabeth S. , Slaughter James C. , Datye Karishma A. , Cherrington Alan D. , Moore Daniel J. , Gregory Justin M.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Although mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among youth with type 1 diabetes is rare, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is associated with increased pediatric hospitalizations for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). To clarify whether the relationship between COVID-19 and DKA is coincidental or causal, we compared tissue glucose disposal (TGD) during standardized treatment for DKA between pediatric patients with COVID-19 and those without COVID-19.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We retrospectively compared TGD during standardized therapy for DKA in all children with preexisting type 1 diabetes with or without COVID-19. Cases were assessed beginning with the first case of COVID-19–positive DKA on 19 June 2020 through 2 February 2022.

RESULTS

We identified 93 COVID-19–negative patients and 15 COVID-19–positive patients who were treated for DKA, with similar baseline characteristics between groups. Median TGD was 46% lower among patients who had COVID-19 compared with those who did not (P = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that COVID-19 provokes a metabolic derangement over and above factors that typically contribute to pediatric DKA. These findings underscore the significant and direct threat posed by COVID-19 in pediatric type 1 diabetes and emphasize the importance of mitigation and monitoring including through vaccination as a primary prevention.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA GENERACIÓN DE ENERGÍA A PARTIR DE LA GASIFICACIÓN DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS EN COCHABAMBA-BOLIVIA
Authors: Paniagua-Gutiérrez Sebastián Valentín , Clavijo-Grandon Juan René , Orellana Lafuente Renán , Sempértegui-Tapia Daniel Felipe
Published: August 2022

El manejo de residuos sólidos es un problema crítico para muchas ciudades en Bolivia. En este sentido, este trabajo pretende evaluar la factibilidad de una planta de generación de energía a través de la gasificación de residuos sólidos urbanos en la ciudad de Cochabamba. Este proceso de gasificación se modeló usando el método estequiométrico y se analizó diferentes escenarios en cuanto al contenido de humedad de los residuos, se consideró residuos sin contenido de humedad, para lo cual se requeriría un proceso de secado previo, hasta un escenario donde los residuos sólidos entran con su contenido original de humedad, el cual fue estimado en 43,5%. Considerando un flujo másico de residuos sólidos aprovechable de toda la ciudad de Cochabamba de 624,4 Ton/día, valor estimado para el año 2022, se determinó que la potencia producida estaría en un rango de 8 a 22 MW, dependiendo del grado de humedad de los residuos sólidos. Por otro lado, los proyectos de generación de energía son viables económicamente sin importar la humedad. Sin embargo, con residuos sólidos totalmente secos se obtiene un periodo de retorno de la inversión de 4 años, generando a partir de ese momento aproximadamente 20 millones de dólares de ahorro. Finalmente, también se realizó una simulación para el caso de una posible planta piloto, con un flujo de residuos reducido de 1,68 ton/día (70 kg/h). Se determinó que la potencia producida de esta planta piloto estaría en un rango de 25,56 a 70,08 kW, dependiendo el contenido de humedad de los residuos sólidos.
ANÁLISIS DE UNIÓN VIGA-COLUMNA MEDIANTE EL MÉTODO DE LOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS PARA DEFINIR UN ARMADO EFICIENTE
Authors: Medina Torrez Jorge Luis , Moscoso Wayar Álvaro
Published: August 2022

La unión viga-columna de hormigón armado es una región crítica en el sistema aporticado debido a las funciones estructurales que cumple y condición de cargas a las que está sometida. Su geometría reducida y la interacción entre los materiales de los que está compuesta generan un comportamiento no-lineal sensible a muchas variables. En este estudio se analiza el comportamiento mecánico de la unión viga-columna en Estado Límite de Servicio (ELS) mediante un modelo numérico de elementos finitos. Se presenta una comparación entre los resultados obtenidos y los reportados por otros autores (experimentales y numéricos) para poder validar el modelo numérico desarrollado. Los resultados muestran que la propagación de fisuras debido al momento flector negativo de la viga reduce significativamente la rigidez de la unión viga-columna en etapas iniciales de carga y produce un aumento de tensiones en el núcleo de la unión. Para controlar esta propagación en los modelos simulados se propone la incorporación de estribos abiertos ubicados en la mitad superior de la altura de la viga.
DISPLACEMENTS AND STABILITY ASSESSMENT IN THE PORTAL OF TUNNEL 3, "EL SILLAR", THROUGH THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Franco F. Joaquín , Viveros M. Freddy , Viscarra A. Fabiana
Published: August 2022

As an application of geotechnical engineering, an analysis of portal stability of the exit of Tunnel 3, in the construction of the double lane central section "El Sillar" Cochabamba - Santa Cruz highway is presented. This study is carried out by using the finite element method FEM with the PLAXIS 3D software to determine the areas where slope stabilization of the portal is needed and the definition of the excavation construction method along with the support system for the tunnel. Later, the tunnel structure is evaluated. Initially, data compilation from geotechnical studies is done (pits, geomechanical stations, geophysical survey, in situ and laboratory tests on drilled rock cores) contrasted with proper bibliographic referenced ranges to obtain initial geomechanical conditions. Subsequently, mechanical parameters of the rock are calibrated by means of real deformations caused by the excavation of the tunnel in the portal with a plastic-type calculation. The calibrated model achieves the average measured deformation on the tunnel: 5 mm. Then, the stability analysis is carried out by means of a safety-type calculation to obtain global safety factors where different stabilization alternatives are assessed. In this way, the modification of the slope geometry is revealed as the most optimal solution. Subsequently, the construction stages of the tunnel are simulated by adopting the Belgium method, the largest number of supports is required, because it is a very unstable area. Finally, principal effective stresses and deformations for static and pseudo-static conditions are calculated and reach admissible values (6, 12 mm maximum deformation in the vault) and minimum safety factors were above minimum factors required by NSR-10: 1,25 and 1,0; assessing most optimal geometry considering reinforced and non-reinforced conditions in the tunnel at three different depths and lateral covers for the tunnel.
Türkiye'deki Kruvaziyer Turizm Araştırmalarının Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Aras Sercan
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de kruvaziyer turizmi ile ilgili yapılmış olan çalışmaların bibliyometrik analiz tekniğiyle incelenmesi ve üretilen bilimsel araştırmalara eleştirel bir bakış açısı sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, kruvaziyer turizmine yönelik 2001-2021 yılları arasında yapılmış olan 28 lisansüstü tez ve bilimsel dergilerde yayımlanmış 26 bilimsel makale araştırma kapsamına dahil edilmiştir. Bibliyometrik analiz uygulama sürecinde yıllara göre çalışma sayıları, çalışmaların türlere ve araştırma alanlarına göre dağılımları, tezlerin enstitülere, üniversitelere ve öğrenim düzeylerine göre dağılımları ve makalelerin yazar sayılarına göre dağılımları gibi çeşitli parametreler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, kruvaziyer turizmi ile ilgili yayımlanmış çalışmalarda daha çok işletme ve destinasyon yönetimi üzerine odaklanıldığı, çalışmalarda ampirik araştırma yaklaşımının daha fazla kullanıldığı ve özellikle son on yılda çalışma sayılarında artış olduğu görülmüştür. Üç tarafı denizlerle çevrili ve kruvaziyer turizmi potansiyeli yüksek olan Türkiye’de, bu alanda hem nicelik hem de nitelik olarak bilimsel araştırmaların artırılması literatüre ve kruvaziyer turizm sektörünün gelişimine katkı sağlayabilecektir.
BREASTFEEDING IS THE - "GOLD STANDARD" OLD EXPERIENCE AND NEW SCIENTIFICALLY PROVEN BENEFITS
Authors: Kiselova M. , Moshtuk O. , Grygorenko L. , Shlemkevych O.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the advantages of natural feeding, current recommendations for breastfeeding of infantsobtained by analyzing the scientific literature. It details current evidence emphasizing the importance, uniquenessof the qualitative and quantitative composition of breast milk, the best form of infant feeding. Emphasis is placedon existing scientifically defined facts explaining the importance of natural feeding as a natural model, vividlyillustrating the main points of the concept of optimal infant feeding. Focuses on the fact that adequate feeding isconsidered one of the major components of the health and optimal growth of the newborn infant. The importance ofcolostrum at the beginning of enteral feeding for the newborn's body is emphasized. The properties of colostrum thatfully meet the morpho-functional needs of the infant are described.It focuses on new, scientifically supplemented, over the past few years, data on the benefits of breast milk: optimaland balanced levels of nutrients; high assimilation of breast milk by the body of the child; the presence of a widerange of biologically active substances, essential fatty acids and amino acids, enzymes, vitamins and protectivefactors; favorable effect on intestinal microflora. Namely, it is shown that breast milk contains in the right quantitiesto provide individual not only nutritional but also immunological, endocrine needs of the child, depending on the age:alpha-lactalbumin proteins, beta-lactoglobulin, caseins, enzymes, growth factor, hormones, lactoferrin, lysozyme,secretory IgA, IgG and IgM. Non-protein components: alpha-aminonitrogen; creatine; creatinine; glucosamine; nonnucleic acid polyamines; urea; uric acid. Composition of mature milk: lipids; fat-soluble vitamins (A and carotene,D, E, K); fatty acids; phospholipids; sterols and hydrocarbonates; triglycerides; carbohydrates; water-solublevitamins; biotin; folin; cholate; inositol; niacin; pantothenic acid; riboflavin; thiamin; vitamins B12, B6, C. Cells:cytoplasmic fragments, epithelial cells, lymphocytes, leukocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, minerals, bicarbonates,calcium, chloride, citrate, magnesium; potassium; soda; sulfate; trace elements: chromium; cobalt; copper; iodine;iron; manganese; molybdenum; nickel; selenium; zinc.Biologically active substances that are part of breast milk: hormones, enzymes, immune complexes, help newbornsto overcome birth stress faster and better adapt to new living conditions.It is noted that the nature of breastfeeding in the first year of life to a large extent determines the health of thechild not only in the early years, but also in subsequent periods of his life.
CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF PINEAL GLAND FUNCTION IN INFANTS WITH EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT
Authors: Klimenko T. , Kuzienkova G.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The functional activity of the pineal gland plays a dramatic important role in the adaptation topostnatal life and in the pathogenesis of the most common perinatal pathology of premature infants.The aim of the study. To determine the morphofunctional features of the pineal gland in premature infants withextremely low body weight.Material and methods. In 46 preterm infants with extremely low birth weight, the level of melatonin metabolite inurine 6-sulfoxymelatonin was determined at first day of life. The 20 dead infants underwent macro- and microscopicexamination of the pineal gland using the immunohistochemical method.Results. All preterm infants with extremely low birth weight had perinatal pathology, which led to death in 20 ofthem. Urinary excretion of the metabolite melatonin 6-sulfoximelatonin in preterm infants with extremely low birthweight in the first day of life, which had fatal consequences, significantly reduced compared with surviving children,indicating depletion of functional activity of the pineal gland and may be as a marker of adverse course of the neonatalperiod. Morphologically, in the pineal gland of premature infants with extremely low body weight there is an increasein morphofunctional activity of pineal cells. This is confirmed by morphometric data and increased expression ofMelanA and S100 in immunohistochemical studies. Macro- and microscopic data suggest that extrauterine existencein distress conditions accelerates the differentiation of the pineal gland (depletion) and indicates the presenceof damage to glandular tissue, which in turn reduces the synthesis of melatonin and its mediated metabolite 6 –sulfoxymelatonin in urine.Conclusions. Decreased urinary excretion of 6-sulfoximelatonin in preterm infants with extremely low birthweight in the first day of life and mophological changes in the pineal gland of deceased children indicate depletionof functional activity of the pineal gland in conditions of perinatal pathology
MANAGEMENT TACTICS FOR BLEEDING IN CHILDREN WITH MILITARY TRAUMA: LITERATURE DATA
Authors: Pokhylko V. , Adamchuk N. , Cherniavska Y. , Artomova N. , Soloviova H.
Published: August 2022

The civilian population always suffers during hostilities. There are modern protocols for emergencymedical care for military trauma in adults. However, for children, there are no approved guidelines, especially forthe management of bleeding. Trauma is the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 and 19, with blood lossaccounting for 40% of all deaths from injury. Regarding the causes of death during the war, bleeding accounted for80%. Limb circumference in children is usually much smaller than in adults, which calls into question the abilityof a standard turnstile to effectively stop bleeding in a child. Many turnstiles have a rigidly fixed mechanicalclamping system (such as a windlass or ratchet), which eliminates their effectiveness in applying to the limb with acircumference less than expected. Also, the pressure of the mechanical windlass system for children can be excessiveand lead to complications. However, there is reliable data on the effective classic application of the tactical turnstileСAT in children aged 1 year with a circumference of the limb of at least 13 cm and can be used by a medicalprofessional of any qualification. It is allowed to use the СAT turnstile in children from 3 months of age, but theapplication technique requires modification and experience of a medical professional. When stopping bleeding,children under 2 years of age are recommended to start with direct pressure on the wound, and only if ineffectiveor impossible pressure to apply a tourniquet to the limb above the wound, or tamponade the wound with nodularbleeding. However, in any case, in the presence of massive bleeding from the limb or amputation of the limb, theprimary method of stopping bleeding is currently the imposition of a tactical turnstile САТ.
Featured based CAVE software factory
Authors: Lebiedz Jacek , Wiszniewski Bogdan
Published: August 2022

In the paper we convey the lessons learned along the path we have gone through several years since establishing a room-sized CAVE installation at our university, from craft manufacturing and ad-hoc software reuse of VR soft- ware products to the robust feature driven software product line (SPL) implementing the Product Line Engineering (PLE) factory paradigm. With that we can serve all our departments and other entities from the region by rapidly instantiating different VR products based on a standard set of core assets and driven by a set of common features of VR applications destined to be deployed in the same target CAVE system – with the minimal budget and time to market requirements. A comprehensive survey of the most representative CAVE applications created in Gdansk Tech Immersive 3D Visualization Lab (I3DVL) according to PLE paradigm presented in the paper provides evi- dence supporting this claim.
The Study of the Video Encoder Efficiency in Decoder-side Depth Estimation Applications
Authors: Grzelka Adam , Dziembowski Adrian , Mieloch Dawid , Domański Marek
Published: August 2022

The paper presents a study of a lossy compression impact on depth estimation and virtual view quality. Two scenarios were considered: the approach based on ISO/IEC 23090-12 coder-agnostic MPEG Immersive video standard, and the more general approach based on simulcast video coding. The commonly used compression techniques were tested: VVC (MPEG-I Part 3 / H.266), HEVC (MPEG H part 2 / H.265), AVC (MPEG 4 part 10 / H.264), MPEG-2 (MPEG 2 part 2 / H.262), AV1 (AOMedia Video 1), VP9 (AOMedia VP9). The quality of virtual views generated from the encoded stream was assessed by the IV-PSNR metric which is adapted to synthesized images. The results were presented as a relationship between virtual view quality and the quality of decoded real views. The main conclusion from performed experiments is that encoding quality and virtual view quality are encoder-dependent, therefore, the used video encoder should be carefully chosen to achieve the best quality in decoder-side depth estimation.
Efficient Point Cloud Skeletonization with Locally Adaptive L1-Medial Projection
Authors: Lengauer Stefan , Houska Peter , Preiner Reinhold
Published: August 2022

3D line skeletons are simplistic representations of a shape’s topology which are used for a wide variety of geometry-processing tasks, including shape recognition, retrieval, and reconstruction. Numerous methods have been proposed to generate a skeleton from a given 3D shape. While mesh-based methods can exploit existing knowledge about the shape’s topology and orientation, point-based techniques often resort to precomputed per- point normals to ensure robustness. In contrast, previously proposed techniques for unprocessed point clouds either exhibit inferior robustness or require expensive operations, which in turn increases computation time. In this paper, we present a new and highly efficient skeletonization approach for raw point cloud data, which produces overall competitive results compared to previous work, while exhibiting much lower computation times. Our algo- rithm performs robustly in the face of noisy and fragmented inputs, as they are usually obtained from real-world 3D scans. We achieve this by first transferring the input point cloud into a Gaussian mixture model (GMM), obtaining a more compact representation of the surface. Our method then iteratively projects a small subset of the points into local L1-medians, yielding a rough outline of the shape’s skeleton. Finally, we present a new branch detection technique to obtain a coherent line skeleton from those projected points. We demonstrate the capabilities of our proposed method by extracting the line skeletons of a diverse selection of input shapes and evaluating their visual appearance as well as the efficiency compared to alternative state-of-the-art methods.
MODERN ENGLISH INTERNET DISCOURSE
Authors: Chernysh Oksana
Published: August 2022

The scientific article highlights the approaches to interpreting the notion of discourse. First, it considers the three most important approaches to defining this concept: formal, functional, and situational. Next, the article outlines constitutive, genre-stylistic, substantive, and formal-structural discourse categories. Finally, it analyses distinctive features of discourse, among which contextuality, personality, procedurality, theology, and the closed structure of discourse are distinguished, provided that textual information is available. Moreover, the article outlines the peculiarities of Internet discourse formation and highlights the approaches to its definition. Finally, it analyzes distinctive features of Internet discourse. It highlights its globality, the efficiency of information transfer, unlimited amount of information and possibility of its constant updating, accessibility, anonymity, visual decontextuality, interactivity, indirectness, emotionality, hypertextuality, hybridity, and equality, etc. The article proves that Internet discourse borrows the features of oral and written speech and acquires some distinctive features. In particular, Internet discourse is characterized by the lack of synchronous feedback, making it difficult to understand the perception of information by the recipient. In addition, this type of discourse is characterized by a relatively slow pace of Internet communication, complications or lack of communicative role change, lack of prosody and paralingual means, and the impossibility of live spontaneous speech as a reaction to what is heard. The article highlights the prospects for further research. It stresses the significance of studying the genre and stylistic features of Internet discourse and its structural and communicative-pragmatic features.