bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal cognitive guidance and early education and care as precursors of mathematical development at preschool age and in ninth grade
Authors: Sorariutta Anne , Silvén Maarit
Published: November 2017

Finnish students' international success in mathematics has been largely explained by the high‐quality compulsory basic education system, while increasing evidence suggests that early childhood contexts can also promote development long before formal instruction begins. This study examined, in a sample of 66 mother–infant dyads, 2 early contextual precursors of later mathematical development at preschool age and at the end of comprehensive school. The path analyses showed that maternal autonomy support and scaffolding observed during joint play interactions in infancy, and time spent in various care contexts beyond infancy contributed more to variation in numerical skills than spatial skills tested at preschool age. Maternal autonomy supportive behaviours were related to differences in mathematics and other school grades collected in ninth grade, even after controlling for time spent in various care contexts. Moreover, joint play interactions mediated the relation between mothers' education and children's mathematical outcomes. The findings are discussed in relation to why early developmental contexts can provide an advantageous base for children's mathematical achievement in a society with a high‐quality education system.

Highlights

Does the quality of mother–infant interaction and amount of early childhood education and care beyond infancy predict children's mathematical development?

Mothers' cognitive guidance observed during play predicted children's mathematics skills tested at preschool and assessed by teachers at 9th grade.

Autonomy support and scaffolding in early developmental contexts can have far‐reaching influences on children's motivation and school achievement.
Near‐infrared human finger measurements based on self‐calibration point: Simulation and in vivo experiments
Authors: Duadi Hamootal , Feder Idit , Fixler Dror
Published: November 2017

Near‐infrared light allows measuring tissue oxygenation. These measurements relay on oxygenation‐dependent absorption spectral changes. However, the tissue scattering, which is also spectral dependent, introduces an intrinsic error. Most methods focus on the volume reflectance from a semi‐infinite sample. We have proposed examining the full scattering profile (FSP), which is the angular intensity distribution. A point was found, that is, the iso‐path length (IPL) point, which is not dependent on the tissue scattering, and can serve for self‐calibration. This point is geometric dependent, hence in cylindrical tissues depends solely on the diameter. In this work, we examine an elliptic tissue cross section via Monte Carlo simulation. We have found that the IPL point of an elliptic tissue cross section is indifferent to the input illumination orientation. Furthermore, the IPL point is the same as in a circular cross section with a radius equal to the effective ellipse radius. This is despite the fact that the FSPs of the circular and elliptical cross sections are different. Hence, changing the orientation of the input illumination reveals the IPL point. In order to demonstrate this experimentally, the FSPs of a few female fingers were measured at 2 perpendicular orientations. The crossing point between these FSPs was found equivalent to the IPL point of a cylindrical phantom with a radius similar to the effective radius. The findings of this work will allow accurate pulse oximetry assessment of blood saturation.
Native T1 reference values for nonischemic cardiomyopathies and populations with increased cardiovascular risk: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van den Boomen Maaike , Slart Riemer H.J.A. , Hulleman Enzo V. , Dierckx Rudi A.J.O. , Velthuis Birgitta K. , van der Harst Pim , Sosnovik David E. , Borra Ronald J.H. , Prakken Niek H.J.
Published: November 2017

Background

Although cardiac MR and T1 mapping are increasingly used to diagnose diffuse fibrosis based cardiac diseases, studies reporting T1 values in healthy and diseased myocardium, particular in nonischemic cardiomyopathies (NICM) and populations with increased cardiovascular risk, seem contradictory.

Purpose

To determine the range of native myocardial T1 value ranges in patients with NICM and populations with increased cardiovascular risk.

Study Type

Systemic review and meta‐analysis.

Population

Patients with NICM, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and patients with myocarditis (MC), iron overload, amyloidosis, Fabry disease, and populations with hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), and obesity.

Field Strength/Sequence

(Shortened) modified Look–Locker inversion‐recovery MR sequence at 1.5 or 3T.

Assessment

PubMed and Embase were searched following the PRISMA guidelines.

Statistical Tests

The summary of standard mean difference (SMD) between the diseased and a healthy control populations was generated using a random‐effects model in combination with meta‐regression analysis.

Results

The SMD for HCM, DCM, and MC patients were significantly increased (1.41, 1.48, and 1.96, respectively, P < 0.01) compared with healthy controls. The SMD for HT patients with and without left‐ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) together was significantly increased (0.19, P = 0.04), while for HT patients without LVH the SMD was zero (0.03, P = 0.52). The number of studies on amyloidosis, iron overload, Fabry disease, and HT patients with LVH did not meet the requirement to perform a meta‐analysis. However, most studies reported a significantly increased T1 for amyloidosis and HT patients with LVH and a significant decreased T1 for iron overload and Fabry disease patients.

Data Conclusions

Native T1 mapping by using an (Sh)MOLLI sequence can potentially assess myocardial changes in HCM, DCM, MC, iron overload, amyloidosis, and Fabry disease compared to controls. In addition, it can help to diagnose left‐ventricular remodeling in HT patients.

Level of Evidence: 2

Technical Efficacy: Stage 3

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:891–912.
Using dose error reduction software in paediatrics to prevent medication error
Authors: Munro Courtney
Published: November 2017

Background

Medication errors during administration are not uncommon and have a higher risk and severity of error. Dose error reduction software (DERS) makes an infusion pump a ‘smart pump’.

Aim

We present our experience using DERS in an Australian paediatric hospital.

Discussion

We discuss adapting DERS for use in paediatrics: its limitations, and estimated preventable errors and cost avoidance. Importantly, DERS can prevent medication error in paediatrics.
Medicinal plants of the genusMacleaya(Macleaya cordata,Macleaya microcarpa): A review of their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
Authors: Lin Li , Liu Yan‐Chun , Huang Jia‐Lu , Liu Xiu‐Bin , Qing Zhi‐Xing , Zeng Jian‐Guo , Liu Zhao‐Ying
Published: November 2017

In the genusMacleaya,Macleaya cordataandMacleaya microcarpahave been recognized as traditional herbs that are primarily distributed in China, North America, and Europe and have a long history of medicinal usage. These herbs have been long valued and studied for detumescence, detoxification, and insecticidal effect. This review aims to provide comprehensive information on botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies on plants in the genusMacleaya. Plants from the genus ofMacleayaprovide a source of bioactive compounds, primarily alkaloids, with remarkable diversity and complex architectures, thereby having attracted attention from researchers. To date, 291 constituents have been identified and/or isolated from this group. These purified compounds and/or crude extract possess antitumor, anti‐inflammatory, insecticidal, and antibacterial activities in addition to certain potential toxicities.Macleayaspecies hold potential for medicinal applications. However, despite the pharmacological studies on these plants, the mechanisms underlying the biological activities of active ingredients derived fromMacleayahave not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Additionally, there is a need for research focusing on in vivo medical effects ofMacleayacompounds and, eventually, for clinical trials.
An ensemble framework for time delay synchronization
Authors: Pinheiro Flavia R. , van Leeuwen Peter Jan , Parlitz Ulrich
Published: November 2017

Synchronization based state estimation tries to synchronize a model with the true evolution of a system via the observations. In practice, an extra term is added to the model equations which hampers growth of instabilities transversal to the synchronization manifold. Therefore, there is a very close connection between synchronization and data assimilation. Recently, synchronization with time‐delayed observations has been proposed, in which observations at future times are used to help synchronize a system that does not synchronize using only present observations, with remarkable successes. Unfortunately, these schemes are limited to small‐dimensional problems.

In this article, we lift that restriction by proposing an ensemble‐based synchronization scheme. Tests were performed using the Lorenz'96 model for 20‐, 100‐ and 1000‐dimension systems. Results show global synchronization errors stabilizing at values of at least an order of magnitude lower than the observation errors, suggesting that the scheme is a promising tool to steer model states to the truth. While this framework is not a complete data assimilation method, we develop this methodology as a potential choice for a proposal density in a more comprehensive data assimilation method, like a fully nonlinear particle filter.
Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Sonochemical Transformation Products of 2’‐Deoxycytidine under Aerated Conditions: Direct Observation of Hydroxyhydroperoxide and Glycol
Authors: Chandran Jisha , Aravind Usha K. , Aravindakumar Charuvila T.
Published: November 2017

The present report profiles the complete ultrasound mediated transformation products of a DNA nucleoside, 2’‐deoxycytidine (dCyd), the second in this series, using high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC−Q‐ToF‐MS). The compound, dCyd was subjected to sonolysis under four different frequencies (200, 350, 620 and 1000 kHz) at a power density of 24.5 W/ml. The extent of decomposition of dCyd follows the order 620>350>1000>200 kHz. The effect of different gases on sonolysis was also investigated. This clearly indicates the involvement of oxygen radical (O•) in the transformation reactions. The sonochemical transformation products of dCyd were analyzed using UPLC−Q‐ToF‐MS and a total of 8 products were identified and characterized. The identified products include two primary products, 5,6‐dihydro‐5‐hydroxy‐6‐hydroperoxy‐2’‐deoxycytidine (hydroxyhydroperoxide) and 5,6‐dihydro‐5,6‐dihydroxy‐2’‐deoxycytidine (glycol) which are generally difficult to identify in DNA damage studies due to their instability during the work up procedure. The structural identity of all the products was confirmed by the collisionally induced dissociation (CID) pattern. Out of the eight identified products, 5,6‐dihydroxy‐2’‐deoxycytidine, 5,6‐dihydroxy‐2’‐deoxyuridine and 5‐hydroxy‐2’‐deoxyuridine are not observed in radiolysis. The difference in product profile obtained for sonolysis and radiolysis is compared and contrasted.
Development of New Cs+ Ion‐Selective Electrode with Alkyl‐Bridged Calix[4]arene Crown‐6 Compounds for the Determination of Cs+ in Nuclear Waste Streams
Authors: Ramanjaneyulu Pentapati S. , Kundu Kshama , Sharma Manoj K. , Nayak Sandeep K.
Published: November 2017

A new liquid membrane based Ion Selective Electrodes (ISE) for Cs+ employing three 1,3 cycloalkyloxy bridged calix[4]arene crown 6 ether compounds (L1: cyclooctyloxy, L2: cyclodecyloxy, L3: cyclotetradecyloxy) as ionophores were developed. The best response was observed when L3 was used as an ionophore. The cation exchange resin DOWEX‐50 W was used to maintain low activity of Cs+ in inner filling solution (IFS) to improve the performance. With optimized IFS, Nernstian response (56.3 mV/decade of Cs+) over the concentration range 10−7 to 10−2 M of Cs+ was observed. Studies were also carried out to develop all solid contact Cs+ ISE employing gold‐ polyaniline composites as a transducer. Superior response for Cs+ was observed with IFS based ISE. The developed ISE showed detection limit of 3.7x10−8 M Cs+ with response time less than 20 seconds. Separate solution method was applied to determine selectivity for Cs+ over alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal ions. The response of ISE for Cs+ was fairly constant over the pH range 4–11. The concentration of Cs+ was determined in two simulated high level active waste solutions and spiked tap water samples and results agreed well with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) values and expected values, respectively.
Halogen‐Induced Friedel‐Crafts Alkenylation Reactions with Haloalkynes: Direct Access to gem‐1, 1‐Dihaloalkenes
Authors: Maji Biswajit , Bhattacharya Aditya , Hazra Sunit
Published: November 2017

A simple and efficient tactic for the synthesis of gem‐hetero‐ or homo‐dihaloalkenes is reported from haloalkynes where Friedel‐Crafts alkenylation is a key step. The method provides functionalized tetrasubstituted alkenes which are important precursors in organic synthesis. The strategy is further extended with intramolecular Friedel‐Crafts alkenylation on ω‐aryl alkynes to produce annulated arene carbocycles in a simple manner.
Functional Outcomes of Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation in Patients With Chronic Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease
Authors: Leung Jason , Smith Sean , Kalpakjian Claire
Published: November 2017

Background

Growing numbers of allogeneic stem cell transplants and improved posttransplant care have led to an increase of individuals with chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD). Although cGVHD leads to functional impairment for many, there is limited literature regarding the benefits of acute inpatient rehabilitation for patients with cGVHD.

Objective

To assess Functional Independence Measure (FIM) outcomes of patients with cGVHD during acute inpatient rehabilitation and to compare inpatient rehabilitation outcomes with patients with burn injuries, a rehabilitation patient population with similar comorbidities.

Design

Retrospective chart review.

Setting

Acute rehabilitation center at a large academic medical center.

Patients (or Participants)

A total of 37 adult patients with cGVHD and 30 with burn injuries admitted to inpatient rehabilitation from 2010 to 2015.

Methods or Interventions

Linear regression analysis to evaluate group (cGVHD versus burn) differences in functional gains. Effect size and minimal detectable change at the 90% confidence level (MDC90) were used to evaluate change in FIM outcomes.

Main Outcome Measurements

Total FIM gain, motor FIM gain, and FIM efficiency.

Results

Patients with cGVHD had statistically significant lower functional gains than patients with burn injuries, with an average of 11.66 fewer total FIM points (P ≤ .001), 10.54 fewer motor FIM points (P = .01), and 2.45 units less of FIM efficiency (P = .01). At the time of discharge, 7 (18%) patients with cGVHD exceeded the MDC90 values for total FIM gain versus 9 (30%) patients with burn injuries (P = .26). Eight (21%) patients with cGVHD exceeded the MDC90 for motor FIM gain versus 13 (43%) patients with burn injuries (P = .048). Effect sizes for patients with cGVHD and with burn injury were moderate to large, respectively, with patients with burn injuries having nearly twice the magnitude of gains as patients with cGVHD.

Conclusions

Despite achieving more modest functional gains than patients with burn injuries, patients with cGVHD improved in function after acute inpatient rehabilitation. If replicated in larger studies, patients with functional impairment from cGVHD can be considered for inpatient rehabilitation. Future work should also determine minimal clinically important differences in function gain from inpatient rehabilitation for patients with cGVHD.

Level of Evidence

II
Ultrasound Finding of Ischiofemoral Impingement Syndrome and Novel Treatment With Botulinum Toxin Chemodenervation: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Yin‐Ting , Jenkins Keyonna M.
Published: November 2017

Ischiofemoral impingement syndrome (IFIS) is a rare and poorly understood condition that leads to deep gluteal pain, groin, and/or medial thigh pain. It has unique diagnostic challenges, with limited nonoperative treatment options. It is caused by the impingement of the quadratus femoris by the lesser trochanter and the ischium. Currently, there are no validated physical examination maneuvers for IFIS, and the value of ischiofemoral interval for establishing IFIS is also uncertain. Ultrasound‐guided corticosteroid injections have been reported. Here, we present a case of novel treatment of IFIS with botulinum chemodenervation that led to long‐term symptomatic and functional improvement in this patient, with the unique ultrasound findings of the “eruption sign.”

Level of Evidence

IV
Técnica radiográfica de estresse em varo bilateral simultâneo
Authors: Borges Felipe , de Castro Jacqueline , Kennedy Nicholas , Ferrari Marcio , Gomes Joao
Published: November 2017

As radiografias de estresse em varo são descritas como uma técnica efetiva e econômica de diagnóstico e tomada de decisão em lesões laterais do joelho, tanto no contexto agudo quanto crônico. A abertura do compartimento lateral varia de acordo com o número de estruturas danificadas, ajudando a diferenciar lesões isoladas do ligamento colateral fibular das lesões do canto posterolateral de grau III. A técnica convencional exige que o médico ou outro profissional de saúde aplique estresse em varo manual ao obter a radiografia em um joelho de cada vez. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever, em detalhes, o método preferido dos autores para avaliar a abertura do compartimento lateral em ambos os joelhos simultaneamente, o que também evita a necessidade da presença do examinador na sala de imagem.
Discrepância de membros em menino de 11 meses de idade associada a osteoma osteoide
Authors: Cotta Ana , de Castro Renato , Paim Julia , Fiuza Leonardo , Lyra Maria
Published: November 2017

Osteoma osteoide é um tumor ósseo benigno, mais frequente dos 10 aos 25 anos de idade e, em cerca de 80% dos pacientes, está associado a dor forte. O presente artigo descreve um paciente masculino apresentando claudicação, encurtamento do membro inferior direito e aumento de volume indolor da perna direita desde os 11 meses de idade. Os exames de imagem demonstraram lesão osteolítica contendo pequenas ossificações de permeio, envolvidas por espessamento cortical da diáfise da tíbia direita. As hipóteses diagnósticas de osteoma osteoide, de osteomielite crônica (abscesso de Brodie), de sarcoma de Ewing e de histiocitose de células de Langerhans foram levantadas. As culturas para microrganismos foram negativas e o exame histopatológico demonstrou osteoma osteoide. O presente relato expande o conhecimento sobre osteoma osteoide como causa de claudicação e discrepância de membros inferiores indolor em lactente. O diagnóstico diferencial precoce é importante, pois a exérese da lesão é curativa e previne sequelas futuras.
Alternative transcription start site selection in Mr-OPY2 controls lifestyle transitions in the fungus Metarhizium robertsii
Authors: Guo Na , Qian Ying , Zhang Qiangqiang , Chen Xiaoxuan , Zeng Guohong , Zhang Xing , Mi Wubing , Xu Chuan , St. Leger Raymond J. , Fang Weiguo
Published: November 2017

Metarhizium robertsiiis a versatile fungus with saprophytic, plant symbiotic and insect pathogenic lifestyle options. Here we show thatM. robertsiimediates the saprophyte-to-insect pathogen transition through modulation of the expression of a membrane protein, Mr-OPY2. Abundant Mr-OPY2 protein initiates appressorium formation, a prerequisite for infection, whereas reduced production of Mr-OPY2 elicits saprophytic growth and conidiation. The precise regulation of Mr-OPY2 protein production is achieved via alternative transcription start sites. During saprophytic growth, a single long transcript is produced with small upstream open reading frames in its 5′ untranslated region. Increased production of Mr-OPY2 protein on host cuticle is achieved by expression of a transcript variant lacking a small upstream open reading frame that would otherwise inhibit translation of Mr-OPY2. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses show that Mr-OPY2 is a negative regulator of a transcription factor that we demonstrate is necessary for appressorial formation. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms regulating fungal lifestyle transitions.
Therapeutic effects of hepatocyte growth factor-overexpressing dental pulp stem cells on liver cirrhosis in a rat model
Authors: Cao Xiao-fang , Jin Shi-zhu , Sun Liang , Zhan Yuan-bo , Lin Feng , Li Ying , Zhou Ying-lian , Wang Xiu-mei , Gao Li , Zhang Bin
Published: November 2017

Cirrhosis is the terminal stage of hepatic diseases and is prone to develop into hepatocyte carcinoma. Increasing evidence suggests that the transplantation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) may promote recovery from cirrhosis, but the key regulatory mechanisms involved remain to be determined. In this study, we overexpressed human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) in primary rat DPSCs and evaluated the effects of HGF overexpression on the biological behaviors and therapeutic efficacy of grafted DPSCs in cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis was induced via the intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 twice weekly for 12 weeks and was verified through histopathological and serological assays. HGF was overexpressed in DPSCs via transduction with a hHGF-lentiviral vector and confirmed based on the elevated expression and secretion of HGF. The HGF-overexpressing DPSCs were transplanted into rats intravenously. The HGF-overexpressing DPSCs showed increased survival and hepatogenic differentiation in host liver tissue at 6 weeks after grafting. They also exhibited a significantly greater repair potential in relation to cirrhosis pathology and impaired liver function than did DPSCs expressing HGF at physiological levels. Our study may provide an experimental basis for the development of novel methods for the treatment of liver cirrhosis in clinical practice.
Repurposing of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine for Zika Virus treatment and prophylaxis
Authors: Shiryaev Sergey A. , Mesci Pinar , Pinto Antonella , Fernandes Isabella , Sheets Nicholas , Shresta Sujan , Farhy Chen , Huang Chun-Teng , Strongin Alex Y. , Muotri Alysson R. , Terskikh Alexey V.
Published: November 2017

One of the major challenges of the current Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic is to prevent congenital foetal abnormalities, including microcephaly, following ZIKV infection of pregnant women. Given the urgent need for ZIKV prophylaxis and treatment, repurposing of approved drugs appears to be a viable and immediate solution. We demonstrate that the common anti-malaria drug chloroquine (CQ) extends the lifespan of ZIKV-infected interferon signalling-deficient AG129 mice. However, the severity of ZIKV infection in these mice precludes the study of foetal (vertical) viral transmission. Here, we show that interferon signalling-competent SJL mice support chronic ZIKV infection. Infected dams and sires are both able to transmit ZIKV to the offspring, making this an ideal model for in vivo validation of compounds shown to suppress ZIKV in cell culture. Administration of CQ to ZIKV-infected pregnant SJL mice during mid-late gestation significantly attenuated vertical transmission, reducing the ZIKV load in the foetal brain more than 20-fold. Given the limited side effects of CQ, its lack of contraindications in pregnant women, and its worldwide availability and low cost, we suggest that CQ could be considered for the treatment and prophylaxis of ZIKV.
In Vitro Maturation and In Vivo Integration and Function of an Engineered Cell-Seeded Disc-like Angle Ply Structure (DAPS) for Total Disc Arthroplasty
Authors: Martin J. T. , Gullbrand S. E. , Kim D. H. , Ikuta K. , Pfeifer C. G. , Ashinsky B. G. , Smith L. J. , Elliott D. M. , Smith H. E. , Mauck R. L.
Published: November 2017

Total disc replacement with an engineered substitute is a promising avenue for treating advanced intervertebral disc disease. Toward this goal, we developed cell-seeded disc-like angle ply structures (DAPS) and showed through in vitro studies that these constructs mature to match native disc composition, structure, and function with long-term culture. We then evaluated DAPS performance in an in vivo rat model of total disc replacement; over 5 weeks in vivo, DAPS maintained their structure, prevented intervertebral bony fusion, and matched native disc mechanical function at physiologic loads in situ. However, DAPS rapidly lost proteoglycan post-implantation and did not integrate into adjacent vertebrae. To address this, we modified the design to include polymer endplates to interface the DAPS with adjacent vertebrae, and showed that this modification mitigated in vivo proteoglycan loss while maintaining mechanical function and promoting integration. Together, these data demonstrate that cell-seeded engineered discs can replicate many characteristics of the native disc and are a viable option for total disc arthroplasty.
Differential regulation of synaptic AP-2/clathrin vesicle uncoating in synaptic plasticity
Authors: Candiello Ermes , Mishra Ratnakar , Schmidt Bernhard , Jahn Olaf , Schu Peter
Published: November 2017

AP-1/σ1B-deficiency causes X-linked intellectual disability. AP-1/σ1B −/− mice have impaired synaptic vesicle recycling, fewer synaptic vesicles and enhanced endosome maturation mediated by AP-1/σ1A. Despite defects in synaptic vesicle recycling synapses contain two times more endocytic AP-2 clathrin-coated vesicles. We demonstrate increased formation of two classes of AP-2/clathrin coated vesicles. One which uncoats readily and a second with a stabilised clathrin coat. Coat stabilisation is mediated by three molecular mechanisms: reduced recruitment of Hsc70 and synaptojanin1 and enhanced μ2/AP-2 phosphorylation and activation. Stabilised AP-2 vesicles are enriched in the structural active zone proteins Git1 and stonin2 and synapses contain more Git1. Endocytosis of the synaptic vesicle exocytosis regulating Munc13 isoforms are differentially effected. Regulation of synaptic protein endocytosis by the differential stability of AP-2/clathrin coats is a novel molecular mechanism of synaptic plasticity.
Constructing Genetic Networks using Biomedical Literature and Rare Event Classification
Authors: Al-Aamri Amira , Taha Kamal , Al-Hammadi Yousof , Maalouf Maher , Homouz Dirar
Published: November 2017

Text mining has become an important tool in bioinformatics research with the massive growth in the biomedical literature over the past decade. Mining the biomedical literature has resulted in an incredible number of computational algorithms that assist many bioinformatics researchers. In this paper, we present a text mining system called Gene Interaction Rare Event Miner (GIREM) that constructs gene-gene-interaction networks for human genome using information extracted from biomedical literature. GIREM identifies functionally related genes based on their co-occurrences in the abstracts of biomedical literature. For a given gene g, GIREM first extracts the set of genes found within the abstracts of biomedical literature associated with g. GIREM aims at enhancing biological text mining approaches by identifying the semantic relationship between each co-occurrence of a pair of genes in abstracts using the syntactic structures of sentences and linguistics theories. It uses a supervised learning algorithm, weighted logistic regression to label pairs of genes to related or un-related classes, and to reflect the population proportion using smaller samples. We evaluated GIREM by comparing it experimentally with other well-known approaches and a protein-protein interactions database. Results showed marked improvement.
Contact morphology and revisited photocurrent dynamics in monolayer MoS2
Authors: Parzinger Eric , Hetzl Martin , Wurstbauer Ursula , Holleitner Alexander W.
Published: November 2017

Two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising materials for electronic, optoelectronic, and valleytronic applications. Recent work suggests drastic changes of the band gap and exciton binding energies of photo-excited TMDs with ultrafast non-radiative relaxation processes effectively heating the crystal lattice. Such phenomena have not been considered in the context of optoelectronic devices yet. We resolve corresponding ultrafast photoconductance dynamics within monolayer MoS2. The data suggest that a bolometric contribution as well as a defect-related conductance dominate the overall photoconductance. We further reveal that a focused laser illumination, as is used in many standard optoelectronic measurements of MoS2, can modify and anneal the morphology of metal contacts. We show that a junction evolves with lateral built-in electric fields, although Raman spectra and photoluminescence spectra indicate no significant changes, such as a crystal phase transition. We highlight how such optimized devices can drive ultrafast electromagnetic signals in on-chip high-frequency and THz circuits.
A continuous luminescence assay for monitoring kinase activity: signalling the ADP/ATP ratio using a discrete europium complex
Authors: Hewitt Sarah H. , Parris Jonathan , Mailhot Romain , Butler Stephen J.
Published: November 2017

A stable Eu(iii) complex is reported that binds reversibly to ATP and ADP, providing a ratiometric luminescent signal that enables the kinase-catalysed conversion of ATP to ADP to be monitored in real-time.
Highly selective and sensitive chromogenic detection of nerve agents (sarin, tabun and VX): a multianalyte detection approach
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Raviraju G. , Rana Hemlata , Rao Vepa Kameswara , Gupta Arvind K.
Published: November 2017

A novel strategy using ferrocenyl dye (1) was developed for highly selective chromogenic detection of all nerve agents.
Matrix-isolation and comparative far-IR investigation of free linear [Cl3]−and a series of alkali trichlorides
Authors: Redeker F. A. , Beckers H. , Riedel S.
Published: November 2017

Here we discuss the reaction products of laser ablated alkali chlorides and elemental chlorine.
Robust indirect band gap and anisotropy of optical absorption in B-doped phosphorene
Authors: Wu Zhi-Feng , Gao Peng-Fei , Guo Lei , Kang Jun , Fang Dang-Qi , Zhang Yang , Xia Ming-Gang , Zhang Sheng-Li , Wen Yu-Hua
Published: November 2017

Independent of different concentrations and configurations of B dopants, all B-doped phosphorenes exhibit a robust indirect band gap, high anisotropy of optical absorption and enhanced stability of Li adsorption.
A quantitative analysis of the supercontraction-induced molecular disorientation of major ampullate spider silk
Authors: Dionne J. , Lefèvre T. , Bilodeau P. , Lamarre M. , Auger M.
Published: November 2017

Quantitative analysis of the molecular disorientation and structural changes of major ampullate spider silk upon water-induced supercontraction.
Development of a reactive force field for the Fe–C interaction to investigate the carburization of iron
Authors: Lu Kuan , Huo Chun-Fang , Guo Wen-Ping , Liu Xing-Wu , Zhou Yuwei , Peng Qing , Yang Yong , Li Yong-Wang , Wen Xiao-Dong
Published: November 2017

The excellent performance of carbon diffusion measurements with ReaxFF compared to MEAM is presented.
Hydrogen evolution from water based on plasmon-induced charge separation at a TiO2/Au/NiO/Pt system
Authors: Kao Kun-Che , Kuroiwa Yoshinori , Nishi Hiroyasu , Tatsuma Tetsu
Published: November 2017

Plasmonic Au nanoparticles inject electrons into TiO2 and reduce water to hydrogen at a Pt cathode. Positive charges left in the Au nanoparticles are extracted by NiO and used for methanol oxidation.
Binding of Al(iii) to synthetic RNA and metal-mediated strand aggregation
Authors: Lari Matteo , Biver Tarita , Busto Natalia , Lozano Héctor J. , Leal José M. , Secco Fernando , García Begoña
Published: November 2017

Kinetic curve of the binding of aluminum to RNA and metal-induced strand aggregation.
A new ruthenium black dye design with improved optical properties for transparent dye sensitized solar devices
Authors: Boaretto R. , Carli S. , Caramori S. , Bignozzi C. A. , Saccone D. , Magistris C. , Barolo C. , Viscardi G.
Published: November 2017

A new ligand for panchromatic Ru(ii) sensitizer yields 32% efficiency improvement over conventional “black dye” in transparent DSSCs.
Molten BaCN2for the sintering and crystal growth of dielectric oxynitride perovskites Sr1−xBaxTaO2N (x= 0.04–0.23)
Authors: Hosono Akira , Masubuchi Yuji , Endo Takashi , Kikkawa Shinichi
Published: November 2017

Solid phase sintering of dielectric oxynitride perovskites above 1000 °C is accompanied by their decomposition.
Correction: Synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of the (chlorochalcogeno)phosphonium cations R2R′PSCl+ and R2R′PSeCl+ as their AuCl4− salts
Authors: Upmann Daniel , Jones Peter G.
Published: November 2017

Correction for ‘Synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of the (chlorochalcogeno)phosphonium cations R2R′PSCl+ and R2R′PSeCl+ as their AuCl4− salts’ by Daniel Upmann and Peter G. Jones, Dalton Trans., 2013, 42, 7526–7528.
Efficacious engineering on charge extraction for realizing highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yue Shizhong , Liu Kong , Xu Rui , Li Meicheng , Azam Muhammad , Ren Kuankuan , Liu Jun , Sun Yang , Wang Zhijie , Cao Dawei , Yan Xiaohong , Qu Shengchun , Lei Yong , Wang Zhanguo
Published: November 2017

A systematic strategy for effectively engineering the charge extraction in inverted structured perovskite solar cells based on CH3NH3PbI3−xClxis provided. An optimized power conversion efficiency of 20.5% is realized.
Protein charge transfer absorption spectra: an intrinsic probe to monitor structural and oligomeric transitions in proteins
Authors: Ansari Mohd. Ziauddin , Kumar Amrendra , Ahari Dileep , Priyadarshi Anurag , Lolla Padmavathi , Bhandari Rashna , Swaminathan Rajaram
Published: November 2017

The utility of ProCharTS as an intrinsic spectral probe to track protein aggregation and monitor conformational changes is reported.
Decarboxylative reactions with and without light – a comparison
Authors: Schwarz Johanna , König Burkhard
Published: November 2017

Carboxylic acids have gained more and more importance as versatile and renewable starting materials for the formation of platform molecules or high-value chemicals.
A polypyrrole–methyl anthranilate functionalized worm-like titanium dioxide nanocomposite as an innovative tool for immobilization of lipase: preparation, activity, stability and molecular docking investigations
Authors: Asmat Shamoon , Husain Qayyum , Khan Mohd Shoeb
Published: November 2017

Schematic of the novel synthesised nanobioconjugates.
Molecularly imprinted nanocomposite membranes based on GO/PVDF blended membranes with an organic–inorganic structure for selective separation of norfloxacin
Authors: Zhao Juan , Wu Yilin , Zhou Shi , Yan Li , Dong Hongjun , Chen Li , Meng Minjia , Li Chunxiang , Yan Yongsheng
Published: November 2017

A novel high-efficiency molecularly imprinted nanocomposite membrane was designed for selective adsorption and separation of norfloxacin.
Pulse laser-induced fragmentation of carbon quantum dots: a structural analysis
Authors: Chu Han-Wei , Mao Ju-Yi , Lien Chia-Wen , Hsu Pang-Hung , Li Yu-Jia , Lai Jui-Yang , Chiu Tai-Chia , Huang Chih-Ching
Published: November 2017

Mass spectrometry analysis of pulse laser-induced fragmentation of carbon quantum dots allows characterization of the surface functional groups and carbon core with various heteroatom doping.
Electrolyte-gated light-emitting transistors: working principle and applications
Authors: Liu Jiang , Zhao Fangchao , Li Huaping , Pei Qibing
Published: November 2017

The material selection, working mechanism and target application in the development of electrolyte-gated light-emitting transistors are summarized.
Correction: Enhanced hydrogen storage properties of MgH2 with numerous hydrogen diffusion channels provided by Na2Ti3O7 nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Liuting , Xiao Xuezhang , Chen Lixin , Fan Xiulin , Zheng Jiaguang , Huang Xu
Published: November 2017

Correction for ‘Enhanced hydrogen storage properties of MgH2 with numerous hydrogen diffusion channels provided by Na2Ti3O7 nanotubes’ by Liuting Zhang et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 6178–6185.
Defining the Role of Free Flaps in Partial Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Molina Bianca , Dayan Erez , Jablonka Eric , Okwali Michelle , Kim Julie , Dayan Joseph , Smith Mark
Published: November 2017

Background Free flaps have a well-established role in breast reconstruction after mastectomy; however, their role in partial breast reconstruction remains poorly defined. We reviewed our experience with partial breast reconstruction to better understand indications for free tissue transfer.

Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients undergoing partial breast reconstruction at our center between February 2009 and October 2015. We evaluated the characteristics of patients who underwent volume displacement procedures versus volume replacement procedures and free versus pedicled flap reconstruction.

Results There were 78 partial breast reconstructions, with 52 reductions/tissue rearrangements (displacement group) and 26 flaps (replacement group). Bra cup size and body mass index (BMI) were significantly smaller in the replacement group. Fifteen pedicled and 11 free flaps were performed. Most pedicled flaps (80.0%) were used for lateral or upper pole defects. Most free flaps (72.7%) were used for medial and inferior defects or when there was inadequate donor tissue for a pedicled flap. Complications included hematoma, cellulitis, and one aborted pedicled flap.

Conclusion Free and pedicled flaps are useful for partial breast reconstruction, particularly in breast cancer patients with small breasts undergoing breast-conserving treatment (BCT). Flap selection depends on defect size, location, and donor tissue availability. Medial defects are difficult to reconstruct using pedicled flaps due to arc of rotation and intervening breast tissue. Free tissue transfer can overcome these obstacles. Confirming negative margins before flap reconstruction ensures harvest of adequate volume and avoids later re-operation. Judicious use of free flaps for oncoplastic reconstruction expands the possibility for breast conservation.
Posterior Nutcracker Phenomenon in a Patient with Left Atrial Isomerism
Authors: Tsvelodub Stanislav , Putman Léon , Gieselmann Andrea , Sievers Hans-Hinrich
Published: November 2017

Background Nutcracker phenomenon (NCP) can occur due to various anatomical anomalies. Anterior and posterior NCP are defined in the literature. Posterior NCP combined with left atrial isomerism is a rare condition.

Case description We present a rare case of an asymptomatic posterior NCP involving the azygos vein in a patient with a complex cardiovascular pathology with left atrial isomerism, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, interrupted inferior vena cava, and azygos continuation.

Conclusion Detection of the NCP especially involving such a rare anatomical anomaly as an azygos continuation has a crucial importance for diagnostic and surgical procedures.
Solvent quality influences surface structure of glassy polymer thin films after evaporation
Authors: Statt Antonia , Howard Michael P. , Panagiotopoulos Athanassios Z.
Published: November 2017

Molecular dynamic simulations are used to investigate the structural effects of treating a glassy polymer thin film with solvents of varying quality and subsequently evaporating the solvent. Both a monodisperse film and a polydisperse film are studied for poor to good solvent conditions, including the limit in which the polymer film is fully dissolved. In agreement with previous studies, the dissolved polymer-solvent mixtures form a polymer-rich skin on top of the forming film during evaporation. In the case of the polydisperse films, a segregation of the lower molecular weight polymer to the film interface is observed. We provide a detailed, systematic analysis of the interface structure and properties during and after evaporation. We find that for non-dissolved films, the surface width of the film after solvent evaporation is enhanced compared to the case without solvent. Our results show that due to the kinetic arrest of the surface structure, the increased surface width is preserved after solvent evaporation for both mono- and polydisperse films. We conclude that it is important to take poor solvent effects into account for the surface morphology of already formed thin glassy films, an effect which is often neglected.
Why morphology matters in birds and UAV's: How scale affects attitude wind sensitivity
Authors: Gamble L. L. , Inman D. J.
Published: November 2017

Although natural fliers have been shown to morph their geometry to adapt to unfavorable wind loading, there exists heavy skepticism within the aviation community regarding the benefits and necessity of morphing aircraft technology. Here, we develop a vector derivation that characterizes how high winds affect the overall flight velocity and sideslip for both natural and manmade fliers. This derivation is formulated in such a way that only a single non-dimensional velocity parameter is needed to quantify the response. We show mathematically that in high winds, low-altitude fliers are more prone to substantial changes in the sideslip angle, struggle to maintain gliding velocity, and experience five times the peak sideslip sensitivity when compared to high-altitude fliers. In order to counteract these adverse changes, low-altitude fliers require a high degree of controllability which can be achieved through extreme morphological changes. The results presented here highlight the importance of integrating morphing concepts into future low-altitude aircraft designs and provide a formulation to help designers decide whether or not to pursue adaptive morphing technology based on a single readily determinable parameter.
Dual-surface flexible THz Fano metasensor
Authors: Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Cong Longqing , Singh Ranjan
Published: November 2017

Sensing technologies based on terahertz waves have immense potential due to their non-destructive, transparent, and fingerprint spectral response of several materials that are opaque to other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Terahertz metasensors reported so far merely exploit the fringing electric field on the top of the subwavelength resonators. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an ultrathin flexible terahertz metamaterial sensor on a low refractive index substrate which enables sensing of analytes from the top and bottom surfaces of the metamaterial, opening up avenues for dual-surface sensing of analytes with fringing resonant fields on both front and rear sides of a metasurface. Since most of the real-world objects have 3D curvatures, the reported flexible metasensor with large mechanical strength and stability in free space would be an ideal platform for ultrasensitive sensing of dielectrics, chemicals, and biomolecules of extremely low concentrations with dual non-planar surfaces.
Synthesis and stability of hydrogen selenide compounds at high pressure
Authors: Pace Edward J. , Binns Jack , Peña Alvarez Miriam , Dalladay-Simpson Philip , Gregoryanz Eugene , Howie Ross T.
Published: November 2017

The observation of high-temperature superconductivity in hydride sulfide (H2S) at high pressures has generated considerable interest in compressed hydrogen-rich compounds. High-pressure hydrogen selenide (H2Se) has also been predicted to be superconducting at high temperatures; however, its behaviour and stability upon compression remains unknown. In this study, we synthesize H2Se in situ from elemental Se and molecular H2 at pressures of 0.4 GPa and temperatures of 473 K. On compression at 300 K, we observe the high-pressure solid phase sequence (I-I′-IV) of H2Se through Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction measurements, before dissociation into its constituent elements. Through the compression of H2Se in H2 media, we also observe the formation of a host-guest structure, (H2Se)2H2, which is stable at the same conditions as H2Se, with respect to decomposition. These measurements show that the behaviour of H2Se is remarkably similar to that of H2S and provides further understanding of the hydrogen chalcogenides under pressure.
Dynamic heterogeneity in an orientational glass
Authors: Caballero Nirvana B. , Zuriaga Mariano , Tamarit Josep Lluís , Serra Pablo
Published: November 2017

The family of compounds CBrnCl4−n has been proven helpful in unraveling microscopic mechanisms responsible for glassy behavior. Some of the family members show translational ordered phases with minimal disorder which appears to reveal glassy features, thus deserving special attention in the search for universal glass anomalies. In this work, we studied CBrCl3 dynamics by performing extensive molecular dynamics simulations. Molecules of this compound perform reorientational discrete jumps, where the atoms exchange equivalent positions among each other revealing a cage-orientational jump motion fully comparable to the cage-rototranslational jump motion in supercooled liquids. Correlation times were calculated from rotational autocorrelation functions showing good agreement with previous reported dielectric results. From mean waiting and persistence times calculated directly from trajectory results, we are able to explain which microscopic mechanisms lead to characteristic times associated with α- and β-relaxation times measured experimentally. We found that two nonequivalent groups of molecules have a longer characteristic time than the other two nonequivalent groups, both of them belonging to the asymmetric unit of the monoclinic (C2/c) lattice.
Transient electroluminescence on pristine and degraded phosphorescent blue OLEDs
Authors: Niu Quan , Blom Paul W. M. , May Falk , Heimel Paul , Zhang Minlu , Eickhoff Christian , Heinemeyer Ute , Lennartz Christian , Crăciun N. Irina
Published: November 2017

In state-of-the-art blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode (PHOLED) device architectures, electrons and holes are injected into the emissive layer, where they are carried by the emitting and hole transporting units, respectively. Using transient electroluminescence measurements, we disentangle the contribution of the electrons and holes on the transport and efficiency of both pristine and degraded PHOLEDs. By varying the concentration of hole transporting units, we show that for pristine PHOLEDs, the transport is electron dominated. Furthermore, degradation of the PHOLEDs upon electrical aging is not related to the hole transport but is governed by a decrease in the electron transport due to the formation of electron traps.
Sensitive spin detection using an on-chip SQUID-waveguide resonator
Authors: Yue G. , Chen L. , Barreda J. , Bevara V. , Hu L. , Wu L. , Wang Z. , Andrei P. , Bertaina S. , Chiorescu I.
Published: November 2017

Precise detection of spin resonance is of paramount importance to achieve coherent spin control in quantum computing. We present a setup for spin resonance measurements, which uses a dc-SQUID flux detector coupled to an antenna from a coplanar waveguide. The SQUID and the waveguide are fabricated from a 20 nm Nb thin film, allowing high magnetic field operation with the field applied parallel to the chip. We observe a resonance signal between the first and third excited states of Gd spins S = 7/2 in a CaWO4 crystal, relevant for state control in multi-level systems.