bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing trend and periodicity of climatic variables during 1961-2020 over Iran, based on observation data
Authors: Rezaee Ali , Mosaedi Abolfazl , Beheshti Aliasghar , Zarrin Azar
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the effects and consequences of climate change have shown themselves by creating irregularities and trends in the essential climatic variables. In most cases, the trend of climatic variables is associated with periodicity. In this study, the trends and periodicity of these data (precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration, and net available water (NWA) have been investigated in a period of 60 years in Iran. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimator are applied for analyzing the trend and its magnitude. Wavelet transform is used to detect the periodicity of time series and to determine the correlation between NWA and temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration in common periodicity. The results show that the stations located in eastern and western Iran have more significant increasing/decreasing trends. Evapotranspiration shows the highest increasing trend in most stations, followed by temperature, while NWA and precipitation have trends at lower significance levels and decreasing direction. The examination of periodicity in time series showed that, among all the studied stations, evapotranspiration has the most extended periodicity with an average length of 8.3 years, followed by NWA, temperature, and precipitation with 7.3 years, 5.8 years, and 5.5 years. The results of the correlations investigation showed that in about 80% of the stations, there is a high correlation between precipitation and NWA in the short-term periodicity and at the end of the studied period. The evapotranspiration variable in most stations has a high correlation in different periodicities with the amount of NWA.
Beta1-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies contributes to atrial remodeling by PTEN-mediated repression ofcardiomyocyte autophagy and aggravation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis
Authors: Yang Na , Sun Huaxin , Xi Linqiang , Zhang Ling , Lu Yanmei , Wang Qianhui , Cao Jiaru , Song Jie , Tang Baopeng , Shang Luxiang , Zhou Xianhui
Published: November 2023

Purpose β1 adrenergic receptor autoantibodies (β1-AAbs) can promote atrial electrical remodelling and structural remodelling, ultimately leading to the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) has been confirmed to be involved in AF, but its role in β1-AAb-induced AF is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of PTEN in the occurrence and development of β1-AAb-induced AF and explore the potential mechanism underlying its effect.
Methods A β1-AAb-induced AF rat model was established by active immunization. The first section was divided into 3 groups: the control group, β1-AAb group, and β1-AAb+bisoprolol group. The second section was divided into 3 groups: the control group, β1-AAb group, and β1-AAb+Oroxin B group. Serum levels of β1-AAb, atrial tissue levels of cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), atrial electrophysiological parameters, cardiac structure and function, mitochondrial structure, autophagy levels, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis were examined.
Results The results showed that β1-AAb induced electro-anatomical remodelling of the atrium, inhibited autophagy and increased apoptosis in atrial tissue. Blocking β1-AR could partially offset these effects. β1-AAb decreased PTEN expression in the atrium. In addition, activating PTEN with a specific agonist (Oroxin B) could inhibit the AKT/mTOR and NF-κB signalling pathways, increase autophagy, reduce apoptosis, and significantly improve atrial remodelling.
Conclusion β1-AAbs inhibit PTEN protein expression and activate downstream signalling mediators (AKT/mTOR and NF-κB), thereby inhibiting autophagy and increasing apoptosis, which are involved in atrial remodelling. Bisoprolol and PTEN agonists ameliorate these effects.
Climate-Sensitive Growth and Yield Models and Their Application to Assisted Migration
Authors: Luo Dawei , O’Neill Gregory A. , Yang Yuqing , Galeano Esteban , Wang Tongli , Thomas Barb
Published: November 2023

Growth and yield (G&Y) of forest plantations can be significantly impacted by maladaptation resulting from climate change, and assisted migration has been proposed to mitigate these impacts by restoring populations to their historic climates. However, currently used genecology models for guiding assisted migration lack accounting for impacts of climate change on cumulative growth and requires assumption that responses of forest population to climate do not change with age. Using provenance trial data for interior lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia Douglas) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in western Canada, we integrated Universal Response Functions (URFs), representing the relationship of population performance with their provenance and site climates, into a G&Y model (Growth and Yield Projection System, GYPSY), to develop a climate-sensitive G&Y model for both species, and therefore to estimate climate change’s impacts on G&Y of local and moving populations and guiding assisted migration. Our findings reveal that climate change is expected to have varying effects on forest productivity across the landscape, with partial areas projected to experience a slight increase in productivity by the 2050s, while rest areas projected to face a significant decline in productivity for both species. Adoption of assisted migration with optimal populations selected was projected to maintain and even improve its productivity at the provincial scale. The findings of this study highlight the importance of accounting for climate change in forest management practices and underscores the relevance and benefits of incorporating assisted migration approaches to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change.
Cognitive factors affect emotional and non-emotional memory: roles of dysfunctional attitudes, rumination and mind-wandering
Authors: Chen Yafei , Yang Yumeng , Wei Xiaozhu , Zhou Zhiruo , Ke Chunxi , Ju Yumeng , Zhang Yan
Published: November 2023

Background
Memory deficits are important risk factors and residual symptoms in mental problems, which are often associated with dysfunctional cognitive factors. However, the detailed mechanisms are not fully investigated. The present study explored the effects of dysfunctional attitudes, rumination, and mind-wandering on emotional and non-emotional memory respectively in a non-clinical sample, with the aim to inform the psychopathology of memory impairment influenced by cognitive factors.
Methods
A total of 123 university students participated in two experiments on emotional memory (Experiment 1) and non-emotional memory (Experiment 2). Experiment 1 involved the Emotional Face Memory Task and Experiment 2 employed the Digital Memory Task. Additionally, participants completed self-report measurements, including Dysfunctional Attitude Scale Form A (DAS-A), Rumination Responses Scale (RRS), Mind Wandering Frequency Scale (MWQ-F), and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).
Results
Low-performance accuracy of negative emotional face memory (emotional memory) was significantly associated with rumination, dysfunctional attitudes, and depression. Notably, the dysfunctional attitudes was a significant predictor of negative face memory performance accuracy. Whereas, performance accuracy in digital memory (non-emotional memory) was associated with rumination and mind-wandering, with rumination serving as the independent predictor of digital memory performance accuracy.
Conclusions
The study indicated that spontaneous thinking (rumination, mind-wandering) is associated with non-emotional memories, and negative thoughts (dysfunctional attitudes, rumination) are related to memories with negative emotional valence. Further, rumination is associated with both types of memory and may be a potential target for intervention of memory deficits in mental problems.
The Overall Survival Rate Prognosis in Diffuse Astrocytic Patients Based on Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 Mutation Status (IDH1 R132H): An Indonesian Multicenter Study
Authors: Faried Ahmad , Hermanto Yulius , Gill Arwinder Singh , Firdaus Muhammad , July Julius , Priambada Dody , Arifin Muhammad Thohar , Saputro Abdi , Hartanto Rachmat Andi , Dwianingsih Ery Kus , Setyawan Nurhuda Hendra , Malueka Rusdy Ghazali
Published: November 2023

Objective: The IDH1 mutation status is one of the main factors indicated the prognosis of patients with astrocytic malignancies; yet, targeted sequencing is not readily available in countries with limited resources. We aimed to analyze the association between examination IDH1 status and the overall survival rates of diffuse astrocytic tumor patients.
Methods: This retrospective cohort multicenter study included 327 diffuse astrocytic tumor patients, January 2017 – December 2022. The immunohistochemistry or PCR data of IDH1 mutation and MGMT status, WHO classification, and Karnofsky performance score (KPS) were collected. Statistical analysis was then performed to analyze their association with the median of follow-up time of 18-months.
Result: At 36-month follow-up, the overall survival rate of patients with WHO grade IV (29.23%) was significantly lower than patients with WHO grade III and II (72.24% and 82.46%; p < 0.0001). The diffuse astrocytic tumor patients’ survival rate was also significantly influenced by the KPS score (HR 1.64 [1.08 – 2.50]; p = 0.0208). The survival rate of patients with IDH1 wildtype was significantly lower than that of patients with IDH1 mutant (HR 2.13 [1.51 – 3.00]; p = 0.0004). The overall survival rate of patients with IDH1 wildtype and wildtype MGMT unmethylated was significantly lower than patients with IDH1 mutant MGMT methylated (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Examination of IDH1-R132H mutant is a reliable examination to predict the survival prognosis in patients with IDH1 mutant vs IDH1 wildtype; this examination could be used as an alternative to the recommended targeted sequencing of IDH1.
Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Urban Mobility using Taxi Dataset
Authors: Kumar Pratyush , Singh Varun
Published: November 2023

Ride-sharing services linked to mobile devices are innovative, on-demand transport services that aim to reduce the ill effects of private vehicles, such as pollution, congestion, etc. Ride-sharing is one of the emerging technologies which contains large data, and users with the same origin-destination and travel time are matched and share the ride. With the release of the Uber Movement Dataset for certain large cities, the spatial-temporal analysis of urban mobility using a taxi dataset is now possible. The present study used aggregated Uber trip data from 2016 to 2019 for New Delhi. This paper explores the applications of python -based techniques such as big data analytics, machine learning, and probabilistic programming for predicting travel time by utilizing the Uber Movement Dataset of New Delhi by taking several origins and destinations. Time Series Forecasting has been carried out with the help of ARIMA, Holt-Winters, Facebook Prophet, and the global model, which shows the difference between actual and predicted travel time. Spatial analysis for different wards is conducted to understand the variation in many trips. The results of this study will be helpful in urban planning and a better understanding of human mobility in New Delhi.
Chromatin organization and behavior in HRAS-transformed mouse fibroblasts
Authors: Otsuka Aoi , Minami Katsuhiko , Higashi Koichi , Kawaguchi Akane , Tamura Sachiko , Ide Satoru , Hendzel Michael J. , Kurokawa Ken , Maeshima Kazuhiro
Published: November 2023

In higher eukaryotic cells, a string of nucleosomes, where long genomic DNA is wrapped around core histones, are rather irregularly folded into a number of condensed chromatin domains, which have been revealed by super-resolution imaging and Hi-C technologies. Inside these domains, nucleosomes fluctuate and locally behave like a liquid. The behavior of chromatin may be highly related to DNA transaction activities such as transcription and repair, which are often upregulated in cancer cells. To investigate chromatin behavior in cancer cells and compare those of cancer and non-cancer cells, we focused on oncogenic-HRAS (Gly12Val)-transformed mouse fibroblasts CIRAS-3 cells and their parental 10T1/2 cells. CIRAS-3 cells are tumorigenic and highly metastatic. First, we found that HRAS-induced transformation altered not only chromosome structure, but also nuclear morphology in the cell. Using single-nucleosome imaging/tracking in live cells, we demonstrated that nucleosomes are locally more constrained in CIRAS-3 cells than in 10T1/2 cells. Consistently, heterochromatin marked with H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 was upregulated in CIRAS-3 cells. Finally, Hi-C analysis showed enriched interactions of the B-B compartment in CIRAS-3 cells, which likely represents transcriptionally inactive chromatin. Increased heterochromatin may play an important role in cell migration, as they have been reported to increase during metastasis. Our study also suggests that single-nucleosome imaging provides new insights into how local chromatin is structured in living cells.
Cantharidin and sodium fluoride attenuate the negative inotropic effects of R-PIA in the isolated human atrium
Authors: Schwarz R. , Hofmann B. , Gergs U. , Neumann Joachim
Published: November 2023

Cantharidin and sodium fluoride inhibit the activity of serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1, PP2A) Cantharidin or sodium fluoride increase force of contraction in human atrial preparation. R-Phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) is agonistic at A1-adenosine receptors. R-PIA exert negative inotropic effects in human atrium. We hypothesized that cantharidin and sodium fluoride would attenuate negative inotropic effects of R-PIA. During open heart surgery, trabeculae carneae from human right atrium were obtained, human atrial preparations (HAP). These trabeculae were mounted in organ baths and electrically stimulated (one beat per second). We studied further isolated electrically stimulated left atrial preparations (LA) and isolated spontaneously beating right atrial preparations (RA) from wild type mice. Force of contraction was recorded under isometric conditions. R-PIA cumulatively applied exerted rapid sustained monophasic concentration- and time-dependent negative inotropic effects in LA and HAP. These negative inotropic effects of R-PIA were attenuated pre-incubation for 30 minutes with either 100 µM cantharidin or 3 mM sodium fluoride (NaF) in HAP but not in LA. In contrast, the negative chronotropic effects of R-PIA in RA were not attenuated by pre-incubation for 30 minutes with either 100 µM cantharidin or 3 mM sodium fluoride. The A1-adenosine signals in a species specific way in the mammalian heart. We hypothesize that R-PIA may exert a negative inotropic effect via serine/threonine phosphatases in the human atrium.
The linked lives in Chinese families: The impact of adult offspring’s divorce on parents’ depressive symptoms
Authors: Zhou Yi , Gao Tingming , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2023

Objectives: In context of prolonged life expectancies and rising divorce rates in China, this study explores how offspring’s divorce is associated with parents’ depressive symptoms.
Methods: Using data from the four waves of Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted during 2011-2018, we apply a two-way fixed-effects model with 134,230 observations from 50,264 parent-child pairs to examine the association, perform stratified analyses to investigate the heterogeneity, and replace dependent variable with potential mediators to explore mechanisms.
Results: adult offspring’s divorce is associated with increased parent’s depressive symptoms. The association is more salient for sons’ divorces and more salient among fathers. It’s also more salient for healthier parents in rural areas. After divorce, adult children are more likely to live with parents and their parents make more financial transfers to children.
Discussion: In China, offspring’s divorce impairs their parents’ mental health by affecting intergenerational economic allocations and living arrangements.
Clinical Evaluation of Universal Efficacy of Mouthwashes in Alleviating Pain and Xerostomia Among Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Prospective Cohort
Authors: Mageswaran Rhubain , Ang Zen Yang
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This Prospective study was designed to evaluate the overall efficacy of Mouthwashes in Oral mucositis (OM) related pain and xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) throughout the course of treatment.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal cohort study enrolled 79 NPC patients receiving CCRT. Patients were interviewed prospectively three times over for pain and xerostomia scores based on the various mouthwashes being used. The highest cumulative score difference was utilised to determine mouthwash superiority.
Results
Fifty-nine participants completed three interviews, during which a total of 490 instances of mouthwash use were observed throughout the treatment period. The median total pain score reduction for Lignocaine mouthwash (112 observations) was 2 (IQR, 3), with a cumulative pain score reduction of 206. For Magic Mouthwash (12 observations), the median total pain score reduction was 1.5 (IQR, 1), with a cumulative pain score reduction of 18. The pain score reduction of these 2 mouthwashes was significantly higher than Benzydamine, Aspirin, Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), and Oral7®. There was no significant difference between the studied mouthwashes in their treatment of xerostomia.
Conclusions
The preferred universal choice for managing OM related pain throughout the entire chemoradiotherapy treatment process for NPC is Lignocaine mouthwash. Magic Mouthwash can be considered as a secondary option or as an additional choice to address OM pain. Combinations of mixed medications, including a local anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, or antihistamine, are suggestive of being effective. There is insufficient evidence to determine the preferred mouthwash for treating OM related xerostomia.
Postoperative atrioventricular block in pediatric patients: impact of congenital cardiac malformations and medications
Authors: loomba rohit , Rausa Jacqueline , Villarreal Enrique , Farias Juan S. , Flores Saul
Published: November 2023

Background
Postoperative atrioventricular block may occur after pediatric cardiac surgery. A small proportion of those who develop atrioventricular block will require pacemaker placement. The primary aim of this study was to determine factors associated with postoperative atrioventricular block. Secondary aims included determining factors associated with pacemaker placement in those with atrioventricular block.
Methods
Data from the PHIS data was utilized to identify patients under 18 years of age who underwent cardiac surgery. Those who did and did not develop atrioventricular block. Univariable analyses and regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with postoperative atrioventricular block. Similar analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with pacemaker placement in those with atrioventricular block.
Results
A total of 43,716 admissions were identified. Of these, 2,093 (5%) developed atrioventricular block and 480 (1% of total admissions) underwent pacemaker placement. Approximately 70% of those with atrioventricular block received steroids but this was not associated with a decrease in pacemaker placement. Risk factors (congenital malformations of the heart, comorbidities, medications) associated with increased risk of atrioventricular block and pacemaker placement were identified.
Conclusions
Postoperative atrioventricular block occurred in 5% of pediatric admissions for cardiac surgery. Of these admissions with postoperative atrioventricular block, 23% required pacemaker placement. Isoproterenol and steroids were not associated with a reduction in the likelihood of pacemaker placement.
A non-compromising method for optimizing multi-objective problems
Authors: chen yong , xiaoguang guo , Zhang Junhua , Li Yuecheng , Tong Liang , Guo Chendong
Published: November 2023

Multi-objective optimization often entails the concurrent optimization of multiple objectives, which may exhibit conflicts. In many engineering application fields and machine learning algorithms, when determining the final solution, there is a need for trade-offs among different optimization objectives using weight parameters. Here we propose a novel methodology, called Rise-Dimension Screen(RDS), to screen the optimal solution of multi-objective optimization problems from Pareto Front, without the need for compromising between different optimization objectives. We elevate the deterministic numerical values of design variables (0-dimensional space) to a probability density function (1-dimensional space) based on historical data, thereby raising the corresponding constraint conditions to a high-dimensional space. We evaluate their quality by calculating the probability characteristics of different non-inferior solutions satisfying the high-dimensional space constraints, and define the non-inferior solution with the highest probability of meeting the constraint conditions as the final decision solution.
Eucommiae cortex polysaccharides ameliorates learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease mice by modulating gut microbiota and glutamate metabolism
Authors: Zhao Yongkang , Zhao Wenxing , Chai Xuejun , Zhang Lulu , Huang Junlang , Sun Penghao , Guo Xingrui , Yi Chenju , Zhu Xiaoyan , Zhao Shanting
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is distinguished by impairments in learning and memory. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has emerged as a significant factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Eucommiae cortex polysaccharides (EPs), one of the most abundant substances in the Eucommiae cortex, exhibit potential immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. In our study, we discovered that long-term intervention with EPs (0.25%, w/w in food) significantly improved learning and memory in 5×FAD mice, a well recognized mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, EPs substantially reduce the generation and deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in AD Mice. EPs reshaped the composition of gut microbiota, increased the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae, Allobaculum, Bacteroidota, and Muribaculaceae, which are related to gut immunity and short-chain fatty acids(SCFs) production that exert neuroprotective effects through the gut-brain axis. Furthermore, EPs administration was able to correct metabolic disorders in AD mice, particularly glutamate metabolism disturbances. Correlation analysis demonstrates a robust association between the restructuring of gut microbiota and alterations in glutamate metabolism. Importantly, EPs administration significantly inhibited neuroinflammation and restored the oxidative-antioxidative balance in the brains of AD mice, which are potential factors contributing to learning and memory impairments. Interestingly, EPs administration significantly activated autophagy. Our results demonstrate that EPs reshaped gut microbiota, corrected glutamate metabolism disturbances, and significantly alleviated learning and memory impairments in 5xFAD mice through the gut-brain axis. The natural extract EPs holds promising potential for the therapeutic management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Rock roughness quantization algorithm under the condition of rotary excavation
Authors: Renyi Chen , Yonggao Yin , Min He
Published: November 2023

In the modern pile foundation drilling operation, a series of regular joints will be left on the rock surface during the serration rotation of the drill, and the traditional method to determine the roughness of the joint has great limitations. For more accurately quantify the roughness of rock joint under the condition of rotary drilling, the geometry of rock joint surface is obtained by three-dimensional non-contact high-precision laser scanner. Twenty contours of the joint surface were intercepted along the shear direction on the XZ system plan. The mean height h0 and RMS σ of the center line reflecting the undulation characteristics of the joint surface and the parameter θp reflecting the steepness of the joint surface are extracted by using the contour lines. The method of quantizing roughness with L/L0 is extended to three-dimensional space S/S0, the functional relation between JRC and σ and θp is obtained by bivariate fitting, and the goodness of fit reaches 99.46%. The results of two real examples and laboratory direct shear tests show that the proposed method is close to other methods, and the numerical variation trend is more stable than that of the classical method, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed method.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Inulin Biosynthesis in Rubber Dandelion
Authors: Ariyaratne Menaka , King-Smith Nathaniel , Fresnedo-Ramirez Jonathan , Barker David J. , Cornish Katrina
Published: November 2023

Rubber dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz) is a natural rubber-producing dandelion that has the potential to become an industrial crop. Inulin is a storage carbohydrate in rubber dandelion, and its synthesis competes with rubber production for assimilated carbon. We used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system to simultaneously target two sites in the gene that encodes 1-fructan:fructan-1-fructosyl transferase gene (1-FFT), a key enzyme in inulin biosynthesis. Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation methods were used to generate transgenic plants with CRISPR/Cas9 elements. Transformation rates were 71% and 64% via A. rhizogenes and A. tumefaciens-mediated transformations, respectively. Mutagenesis was confirmed by the loss of restriction site method and Sanger sequencing. Of 13 transgenic plants obtained via A. rhizogenes, six showed editing of both target sites within the 1-FFT gene. Transgenic rubber dandelion plants were obtained within 10 weeks using A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation, which was much faster than the 6 months required for A. tumafaciens transformants. Of 11 transgenic plants obtained via A. tumefaciens, five showed mutations in both target sites. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed Cas9 expression in all edited transformants. Both A. rhizogenes-mediated double-mutant transformants and A. tumefaciens-mediated double mutant transformants had lower levels of inulin than wild-type plants. Moreover, A. rhizogenes-mediated transformants had a higher rubber content than wild-type plants. Therefore, the present study validates the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing as an efficient tool for the generation of useful mutations in rubber dandelion and could be implemented in future crop improvement approaches.
Perdón y persona humana: una reflexión sobre la distinción entre aceptación, liberación, perdón y reconciliación a partir de su carácter interpersonal
Authors: Quiceno Osorio Juan David
Published: November 2023

La cultura contemporánea y el contexto marcado por conflictos en el que residimos actualmente exigen el perdón. Especialmente, porque representa el camino a través del cual el ser humano lucha contra el mal. Sin embargo, el perdón se ha erosionado debido a los malentendidos asociados con su aplicación en la psicología y la vida pública. En este sentido, este artículo busca proporcionar una definición del perdón desde su carácter interpersonal. En otras palabras, en este trabajo afirmamos que es en los encuentros cara a cara donde las personas enfrentan el mal, manifiestan su condición de personas y también la esfera de gratuidad a la que responde su realidad más íntima. Así, comenzaremos con la definición común del perdón y examinaremos cada uno de sus elementos constituyentes para presentar una configuración lo más completa posible de su realidad. Esta configuración servirá como un arquetipo para distinguir el perdón de la aceptación de sí, la liberación de sí y la reconciliación. Estas distinciones proponen la idea de que el perdón surge genuinamente de las relaciones interpersonales, allí donde un individuo pide el don de la liberación del mal cometido y otro lo concede libremente.
The effectiveness of the use of topical bacterial lysates in frequently ill children with pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy and/or exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis
Authors: Vladimirova T. A. , Martynova A. S.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The issue of diseases of the lymphopharyngeal ring in childhood remains extremely relevant in the outpatient practice of otorhinolaryngologists.

Aim. To study the effectiveness of the use of bacterial lysates (IRS-19, Imudon) in frequently ill children with adenoid hypertrophy, exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis at the outpatient stage of treatment.

Materials and methods. Examination and treatment of 67 children (35 girls and 32 boys) with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil and/or exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis at the age of 3 to 14 years (average age was 8.7 ± 6.2 years) was carried out based on two state polyclinics in Samara during the period from May 2023 to August 2023. The patients were divided into 2 groups matched by sex and age: the control group (n = 33) and the main group (n = 34), which additionally used topical bacterial lysate IRS-19 and a mixture of bacterial lysates Imudon. Complaints were assessed, ENT examination, endoscopic endonasal revision of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, acoustic impedancemetry was performed, study of smears-prints from the structures of the pharyngeal tonsil, a serological blood test (ELISA) with the determination of IgG and IgM for herpes viruses (types I, II, IV, VI), cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus were conducted on the first day of treatment, on the 10th day of treatment and in dynamics after 3 months.

Results. By the 10th day in the main group, nasal congestion decreased in 73% of cases, discharge from the anterior nasal cavity in 78% of cases; the size of adenoid vegetations decreased and reached grade I in 34.4% of cases, grade II adenoids were detected in 49.3% of cases, in the control group the size of adenoids corresponded to grade II (50.5% of cases) and grade III (34.7% of cases). In dynamics, after 3 months of observation, children in the main group, using bacterial lysates (IRS-19, Imudon), showed a significant decrease in episodes of ARVI and adenoiditis, in contrast to the control group, where the incidence was 2.3 times higher.

Discussion. A significant decrease in the frequency of complaints from patients in the main group and a more pronounced decrease in the size of the pharyngeal tonsil were revealed.

Conclusions. Thus, the results of the study indicate the therapeutic and preventive effectiveness of including bacterial lysates (IRS-19, Imudon) in complex therapy in children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil and/or exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis.
PERFIL VOLÁTIL DO Coffea arabica E Coffea canephora var. conilon POR SHS-GC-MS E QUIMIOMETRIA
Authors: Lyrio Marcos , da Cunha Pedro Henrique , Debona Danieli , Agnoletti Bárbara , Frinhani Roberta , Oliveira Emanuele , Filgueiras Paulo Roberto , Pereira Lucas , de Castro Eustáquio Vinicius
Published: November 2023

VOLATILE PROFILE OF Coffea arabica AND Coffea canephora var. conilon BY SHS-GC-MS AND CHEMOMETRICS. The volatile composition of coffee exerts a substantial influence on its quality, as it defines the characteristics of the beverage. However, these compounds are influenced by factors within the coffee production chain, such as botanical origin, geography, processing methods, and roasting. Consequently, the identification of such compounds becomes a vital tool for characterizing coffees to these factors. In this context, gas chromatography with headspace extraction is widely used for aroma analysis, providing a composition closer to consumer perception. Headspace extraction offers speed, simplicity, minimal sample preparation, and no need for solvents. In this study, static headspace extraction (SHS) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) was employed to establish the chemical profile of volatile compounds in Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora var. conilon and determine discriminants between the species. A total of 97 compounds, belonging to 17 chemical classes, were identified. The chemometric analysis highlighted furans, phenols, and carboxylic acids as key differentiating classes. Notably, furfuryl alcohol, acetic acid, 4-vinylguaiacol, N-acetyl-4(H)-pyridine, and N-furfurylpyrrole emerged as crucial volatile compounds. The variable selection using Fisher weight applied directly in the chromatograms, produced models consistent with relative area data, with furfuryl alcohol and 4-vinylguaiacol regions being particularly influential in differentiation.
Short-term impacts of a large cultural event on the microbial pollution status of a pre-alpine river
Authors: Leopold Melanie , Krlovic Nikola , Schagerl Michael , Schelker Jakob , Kirschner Alexander K. T.
Published: November 2023

Rivers are impacted by microbial faecal pollution from various sources. We report on a short-term faecal pollution event at the pre-alpine Austrian river Traisen caused by the large cultural event FM4 Frequency music festival, with around 200,000 visitors over 4 days. We observed a massive increase of the faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) intestinal enterococci during the event, while Escherichia coli concentrations were only slightly elevated. This increase poses a significant potential health threat to visitors and people recreating downstream of the festival area. A plausible explanation for the uncoupling of the two FIBs may have been a differential persistence caused by a combination of factors including water temperature, solar radiation, and the excessive presence of personal care products (PCPs) in the river water. However, a potential impact of PCPs on FIB assay performance cannot be ruled out. Our observations are relevant for other intensively used bathing sites; detailed investigations on persistence and assay performance of the FIB in response to different ingredients of PCPs are highly recommended. We conclude that for future festivals at this river or other festivals taking place under similar settings, a more effective management is necessary to reduce deterioration in water quality and minimise health risks.
The Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) on the Risk of Developing
Ovarian Cancer and Thyroid Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mukherjee Payal , Sanyal Somali , Chadha Sonia , Mukherjee Sayali
Published: November 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovarian morphology, and other related disorders. It is associated with various health conditions, such as infertility and increased risk of heart problems. Ovarian cancer is also a significant concern, as it is the fifth leading cause of death in women. While there is evidence suggesting a potential association between PCOS and ovarian cancer, the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear. Thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, have also been linked to PCOS. The presence of hypothyroidism can contribute to the development of polycystic ovarian morphology, affecting ovulation and hormone balance. Many works have shown a higher ubiquity of autoimmune thyroid disease in PCOS patients, indicating a potential association between the two conditions. The occurrence of PCOS, hirsutism, and acne underscores the frequency of endocrine disorders in women. This review paper examines the present relevant work on the association between PCOS and ovarian cancer as well as PCOS and thyroid disorders. A systematic literature search was conducted on the internet, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar database, to identify peer-reviewed publications pertaining to PCOS, ovarian cancer, and thyroid disorders. While some studies have delineated a significant link between PCOS and ovarian cancer or thyroid disorders, others have yielded inconclusive results. Further research is necessary to establish a definitive causal relationship between these conditions. Understanding the relationship between PCOS, ovarian cancer, and thyroid disorders is crucial for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective management of these conditions. Identifying potential risk factors and developing appropriate screening strategies can improve women's health outcomes and reduce the burden associated with these disorders.
Covid-19 Countermeasure Policy in the Province of Jakarta Capital City
Authors: Yunita Irma , Achadi Anhari , Saputra Maman , Kusumo Rangga , Hasani Nurul , Rusdi Farhannuddin
Published: November 2023

Jakarta is the highest province of positive Covid-19 cases nationally and the epicenter region in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the development of the number of cases and Covid-19 countermeasure policy in the Province of Jakarta Capital City. This study uses a qualitative method with in-depth interviews and document review. Primary data was collected from selected informants, namely the Head of Jakarta Health Office and Assistant to the Provincial Secretary for Governmental. Secondary data is taken from legal and policy documents, reports, websites, and press releases. The fluctuation of Covid-19 cases in Jakarta depends on the capacity of the examining laboratory and the capacity of contact tracing. Until April 30, 2020, The Provincial Government of Jakarta Capital City has made 74 policies. They made Covid-19 as a serious policy agenda and collaborates with the whole of government, privates, professional/community/ religious organizations, and society. Situational factors are the most influential factors in the policymaking process. The Provincial Government of Jakarta Capital City concerns early since the Wuhan Pneumonia case with the epidemiological surveillance system of the Health Office, which has been running regularly monitoring infectious diseases from the community health center level. Policy formulation is based on research and scientific studies. Monitoring and evaluation are carried out both formatively and summatively to address problems and obstacles in policy implementation. The Provincial Government of Jakarta Capital City took the early response to collaborates with the whole of government, privates, and society in policymaking and implementation.
Optimization of Online Pharmacy System to Lower the Late Billing for Chronic Disease Drugs
Authors: Herwendanasari Deltania , Andarini Sri , Zuhriyah Lilik
Published: November 2023

One of the biggest cost control problems among hospitals in the National Health Insurance is chronic disease drug services. Billing fee delays or unpaid billing fees often occur due to patient failure to revisit the doctor according to the requirement of 30 (thirty) days from the last visit. It resulted in the hospital's inability to collect the financing for chronic disease drugs from Social Security Administrative Agency (BPJS). This study aimed to discover the root cause of the pending billing of chronic disease drug costs and executable solutions in hospitals. This research was conducted at X Hospital Malang. This research used mix-method of qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative method were observations of the service flow for chronic disease patients, interviews with all unit coordinators, and focus group discussion with the Pharmacy Unit and Casemix Unit coordinators. The quantitative method was done using CARL scoring to determine the priority of the problem solution. The root of the problem was the lack of adequate systems and resources in chronic disease drug services. The possible solution is to modify the flow in the outpatient pharmacy. It is necessary to apply patient screening through the Online Pharmacy Application at the outpatient pharmacy to prevent patients who visit for less than 30 days. The results of the solution implementation are expected to reduce the amount of money from pending billing for chronic disease drug costs, thereby minimizing hospital financial losses.
Instagram Optimization as Digital Marketing Media: Study at a Private Hospital in Batu City
Authors: Sunaryo Nico Christian , Indriani Wiwin , Fitriasari Nikma
Published: November 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, up-to-date information becomes a necessity for the public, and social media, especially Instagram, play a significant role in digital marketing, including hospitals. The Instagram account of a private hospital in Batu City had a decreasing performance and has become inactive since the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak. This study aimed to find a solution to the decreasing performance of the hospital's Instagram account to increase visits, trust, and patient satisfaction. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design without control conducted from September to October 2021. The intervention carried out was conducting training on optimizing the Instagram features. The research sample was ten people obtained through the total sampling method. The data were analyzed using a descriptive analysis test. The training was carried out twice in a period of one week. The first training session discussed the basic features of Instagram and their use, and discussions on the technical aspects of content creation were done in the second session. Measurement of training understanding was carried out by pre-test and post-test. All points in the questionnaire showed positive points of increasing knowledge after the training. Instagram optimization training at the hospital in Batu City can improve staff understanding of digital marketing and is expected to expand the business and introduce the hospital to new patients.
Complaint Management Performed at X Public Hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Reza , Wulandari Maulina Pia , Kriyantono Rachmat
Published: November 2023

Health consumers or patients become aware of their health literacy by obtaining, processing, understanding, and communicating health-related information when they come to health decisions. However, background knowledge obtained would set patients' expectations and satisfaction, and the expression of patients' expectation gap that creates dissatisfaction or concern with a service provided is called complaint. This present study aimed to obtain a comprehensive understanding about the role and activities of public relations on patient complaint management at X public hospital in Indonesia. This research applied a qualitative method using the purposive sampling technique. The research finding showed that the informants at the hospital lacked communication and public relations knowledge, and no training was given to the staff involved in communication matters. This absence of an academic foundation to guide the work directly affects the professionalism of the public relations manager, especially during managing complaints and making policies. As a result, the public relations department of the hospital did not have a direct channel for the patients to register their complaints, and the only indirect patient complaint facility aimed at the public relations was not managed by the public relations department. In short, this study shows that the public relations manager did not have a management role on the complaint management at the hospital, which consequently brings a snowball effect to the overall management of complaints due to the practices of encroachment, and the hospital must provide more training and professional coaching to bring back the role and functions of public relations.
Time Waste at Specialist Clinic Service of Primasatya Husada Citra (PHC) Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Mulyawan Indra , Kurniawan Rony , Wardhani Viera
Published: November 2023

Waiting time in outpatient services is a factor that causes patient dissatisfaction and affects hospital image. The standard waiting time for outpatient services in hospitals, starting from the registration until the end of the doctor's examination, is 60 minutes. This study was conducted to identify time waste in the registration process of outpatient services. This descriptive study was done at the Specialist Clinic of Primasatya Husada Citra Hospital (PHC Hospital) Surabaya. The time waste identification on waiting time was carried out using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method using observation data at PHC Hospital, which were categorized as defect, overproduction, waiting, non-utilized talent, transportation, inventory, motion, and extra processing. Activities carried out were identified and grouped into categories, namely waiting, service, and transport document, and then reclassified into value added, non-value added, and necessary non-value added. The results show that the waiting time wastes were waiting after verification (± 60.2 minutes), filling out e-RM (± 139.6 minutes), and waiting for the doctor to come.
Causes of Medication Errors in Inpatient Wards at Private Hospital in Malang
Authors: Faruqi Faris , Maiga Mahliafa Noor Viva , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: November 2023

The absence of medication errors is a sign of successful implementation of patient safety management, particularly safe treatment. The quality indicator data report at the Pharmacy Installation of a private hospital in Malang in 2020 showed a number of drug administration errors in the inpatient unit. This study aimed to explore the incidence and causes of medication errors in the inpatient unit. The study was conducted at a private hospital in Malang in August-September 2021. The study design was descriptive with data collected through focus group discussions (FGD) with five inpatient pharmacy staff, four inpatient nurses, and the head of the medical support. The study results indicated no clear regulation, especially the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) for administering drugs to inpatients, which becomes a latent cause of medication errors. Hospitals need to develop SOPs for administering drugs to inpatients according to the 7 Pillars, followed by socialization to nurses in inpatients and periodic monitoring.
Emergency Room Medical Record Modification to Optimize Patient Education at X Hospital
Authors: Hariyanto Engelbert , Prastowo Wening , Zuhriyah Lilik
Published: November 2023

Regularly delivering information to patients and their families becomes a challenge for medical personnel in the Emergency Room (ER). Patients, or their families, often do not remember that education about their illness has been delivered. It can also happen because family members who took the patients into the emergency room differed from those who received the education. This situation can lead to misunderstandings, especially if there are legal problems in the future. This study aimed to find the priority problem in the hospital, the root of the problem, and solutions to optimize patient education in the ER. The methods used in the problem-finding were interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and USG (Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth) scoring. The solution selection method used FGD, fishbone analysis, 5-whys table, and CARL (Capability, Accessible, Readiness, and Leverage) scoring. The problem found was the lack of optimal patient education in the ER. The priority of the root of the problem found was no written documentation in the patient's medical record regarding providing education to patients or families. The chosen solution was to modify the ER medical record by including a checklist of educational points and a column for patients or families to sign. Further research is needed to prove the effectiveness of this medical record modification in optimizing education in the ER.