bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Motivates Stakeholders to Demand Corporate Social Responsibility: A Survey Experiment
Authors: Yamane Tomomi , Kaneko Shinji
Published: July 2021

Businesses are facing consistent pressures from stakeholders to be socially responsible although the economic benefits of corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been found to be mixed. We aim to reveal stakeholders’ motivations for demanding CSR by studying stakeholders’ stated preferences on companies’ contribution to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in three different contexts, purchasing, investing, and job-seeking. We conducted conjoint survey experiments—embedded information treatments targeting the public in Japan (n = 12,098) in 2019 and 2020. The results showed that stakeholders demanded corporations to contribute to international-related issues rather than domestic-related issues. Stakeholders’ support was low when the companies profited from contributing to the SDGs. These results suggest that social context reflects the preferences of stakeholders on corporates’ SDG activities. Overall, raising awareness had effects on stakeholders’ support and to what extent the information affected the decisions of stakeholders was varied by stakeholders.
Dynamic Norms and Food Choice: Reflections on a Failure of Minority Norm Information to Influence Motivation to Reduce Meat Consumption
Authors: Aldoh Alaa , Sparks Paul , Harris Peter R.
Published: July 2021

Recent research in the US shows the potential of providing information about minority norms that are increasing on positively influencing interest and engagement in desired behaviours. Although these are promising findings, there is little published research replicating or testing this effect outside the US. The study reported here is a direct replication of Sparkman and Walton’s (2017) research. We explored the effects of different kinds of normative information, particularly information about increasing (referred to as ‘dynamic’ or ‘trending’) minority norms, on interest in reducing meat consumption, attitudes toward reducing meat consumption, intentions to reduce meat consumption, and expectations to do so. Following pilot work (n = 197), we used a double-blind online study with three conditions: dynamic norm (n = 276), static norm (n = 284), and no norm (n = 286). The sample consisted of British people, with ages ranging from 18 to 79 (Mage = 37.21, SDage = 13.58; 56.38% female). There was no effect of dynamic norm information on any outcomes, including predictions about future meat consumption norms. Exploratory analyses suggest that political position and gender were associated with meat consumption outcomes. The findings are discussed in relation to conditions under which dynamic normative information may be successful in influencing motivation to engage in desired behaviours, and to possible improvements in research design.
Achieving Sustainable Economic Growth: Analysis of Islamic Debt and the Islamic Equity Market
Authors: Saleem Adil , Setiawan Budi , Bárczi Judit , Sági Judit
Published: July 2021

The financial sector is divided into two broad categories: equity and banking markets. The healthy functioning of these sectors plays an imperative role in any economy. This study aimed to examine the short- and long-term relationship between the Islamic financial sector (Islamic debt and Islamic equity market), and sustainable economic growth of the two economies with the largest Muslim populations. Quarterly data were collected from 2010 to 2019 for Indonesia and Pakistan. The study used autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) and the error correction method (ECM). The results revealed that in the long run, the Islamic banking sector imparts a significant and positive effect on achieving sustainable economic growth in both countries. However, in the short run, the Islamic stock market was found to have a positive relationship with Pakistan, while the Islamic banking sector had a positive and significant relationship with economic growth in Indonesia.
Residential Energy Consumer Occupancy Prediction Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Hoa
Published: July 2021

The occupancy of residential energy consumers is an important subject to be studied to account for the changes on the load curve shape caused by paradigm shifts to consumer-centric energy markets or by significant energy demand variations due to pandemics, such as COVID-19. For non-intrusive occupancy analysis, multiple types of sensors can be installed to collect data based on which the consumer occupancy can be learned. However, the overall system cost will be increased as a result. Therefore, this research proposes a cheap and lightweight machine learning approach to predict the energy consumer occupancy based solely on their electricity consumption data. The proposed approach employs a support vector machine (SVM), in which different kernels are used and compared, including positive semi-definite and conditionally positive definite kernels. Efficiency of the proposed approach is depicted by different performance indexes calculated on simulation results with a realistic, publicly available dataset. Among SVM models with different kernels, those with Gaussian (rbf) and sigmoid kernels have the highest performance indexes, hence they may be most suitable to be used for residential energy consumer occupancy prediction.
Financial Feasibility and Competitiveness Levels of Soybean Varieties in Rice-Based Cropping System of Indonesia
Authors: Krisdiana Ruly , Prasetiaswati Nila , Sutrisno Imam , Rozi Fachrur , Harsono Arief , Mejaya Made Jana
Published: July 2021

This research was conducted to determine the financial feasibility of growing soybean varieties and their competitiveness in the rice-based cropping system of Indonesia. The research was conducted at two locations in 2020. The results showed that the use of improved varieties of soybean yielded 2.24 t/ha and 2.09 t/ha, which was higher than using local (non-improved) varieties. The use of improved varieties was financially feasible with Revenue Cost (R/C) ratios of 1.88–1.98 and Benefit Cost (B/C) ratios of 0.88–0.98. The competitiveness of soybeans in Mojokerto and Pasuruan was lower compared to maize and mungbean. Soybean could compete with competing crops if the productivity and price were higher than the current conditions. To be able to compete with maize, the soybean productivity should be 5.14–5.22 t/ha if the current soybean price per kg is IDR 7200 (about US $ 0.51). To compete with mungbean, the soybean productivity should reach 3.05 t/ha with the current price per kg of IDR 7200 (about US $ 0.51). When measured by the price level, to be able to compete with maize, the soybean selling price per kg should be IDR 14,428–IDR 14,893 (about USD 1.06) with a productivity level of 2.24 t/ha.
Approximate Solutions of an Extended Multi-Order Boundary Value Problem by Implementing Two Numerical Algorithms
Authors: Sitho Surang , Etemad Sina , Tellab Brahim , Rezapour Shahram , Ntouyas Sotiris K. , Tariboon Jessada
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we establish several necessary conditions to confirm the uniqueness-existence of solutions to an extended multi-order finite-term fractional differential equation with double-order integral boundary conditions with respect to asymmetric operators by relying on the Banach’s fixed-point criterion. We validate our study by implementing two numerical schemes to handle some Riemann–Liouville fractional boundary value problems and obtain approximate series solutions that converge to the exact ones. In particular, we present several examples that illustrate the closeness of the approximate solutions to the exact solutions.
A 3D Non-Stationary Micropolar Fluids Equations with Navier Slip Boundary Conditions
Authors: Duarte-Leiva Cristian , Lorca Sebastián , Mallea-Zepeda Exequiel
Published: July 2021

Micropolar fluids are fluids with microstructure and belong to a class of fluids with asymmetric stress tensor that called Polar fluids, and include, as a special case, the well-established Navier–Stokes model. In this work we study a 3D micropolar fluids model with Navier boundary conditions without friction for the velocity field and homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions for the angular velocity. Using the Galerkin method, we prove the existence of weak solutions and establish a Prodi–Serrin regularity type result which allow us to obtain global-in-time strong solutions at finite time.
From Poison to Promise: The Evolution of Tetrodotoxin and Its Potential as a Therapeutic
Authors: Bucciarelli Gary M. , Lechner Maren , Fontes Audrey , Kats Lee B. , Eisthen Heather L. , Shaffer H. Bradley
Published: July 2021

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that was first identified in pufferfish but has since been isolated from an array of taxa that host TTX-producing bacteria. However, determining its origin, ecosystem roles, and biomedical applications has challenged researchers for decades. Recognized as a poison and for its lethal effects on humans when ingested, TTX is primarily a powerful sodium channel inhibitor that targets voltage-gated sodium channels, including six of the nine mammalian isoforms. Although lethal doses for humans range from 1.5–2.0 mg TTX (blood level 9 ng/mL), when it is administered at levels far below LD50, TTX exhibits therapeutic properties, especially to treat cancer-related pain, neuropathic pain, and visceral pain. Furthermore, TTX can potentially treat a variety of medical ailments, including heroin and cocaine withdrawal symptoms, spinal cord injuries, brain trauma, and some kinds of tumors. Here, we (i) describe the perplexing evolution and ecology of tetrodotoxin, (ii) review its mechanisms and modes of action, and (iii) offer an overview of the numerous ways it may be applied as a therapeutic. There is much to be explored in these three areas, and we offer ideas for future research that combine evolutionary biology with therapeutics. The TTX system holds great promise as a therapeutic and understanding the origin and chemical ecology of TTX as a poison will only improve its general benefit to humanity.
Seasonal Variability of the Airborne Eukaryotic Community Structure at a Coastal Site of the Central Mediterranean
Authors: Fragola Mattia , Perrone Maria Rita , Alifano Pietro , Talà Adelfia , Romano Salvatore
Published: July 2021

The atmosphere represents an underexplored temporary habitat for airborne microbial communities such as eukaryotes, whose taxonomic structure changes across different locations and/or regions as a function of both survival conditions and sources. A preliminary dataset on the seasonal dependence of the airborne eukaryotic community biodiversity, detected in PM10 samples collected from July 2018 to June 2019 at a coastal site representative of the Central Mediterranean, is provided in this study. Viridiplantae and Fungi were the most abundant eukaryotic kingdoms. Streptophyta was the prevailing Viridiplantae phylum, whilst Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the prevailing Fungi phyla. Brassica and Panicum were the most abundant Streptophyta genera in winter and summer, respectively, whereas Olea was the most abundant genus in spring and autumn. With regards to Fungi, Botrytis and Colletotrichum were the most abundant Ascomycota genera, reaching the highest abundance in spring and summer, respectively, while Cryptococcus and Ustilago were the most abundant Basidiomycota genera, and reached the highest abundance in winter and spring, respectively. The genus community structure in the PM10 samples varied day-by-day, and mainly along with the seasons. The impact of long-range transported air masses on the same structure was also proven. Nevertheless, rather few genera were significantly correlated with meteorological parameters and PM10 mass concentrations. The PCoA plots and non-parametric Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficients showed that the strongest correlations generally occurred between parameters reaching high abundances/values in the same season or PM10 sample. Moreover, the screening of potential pathogenic fungi allowed us to detect seven potential pathogenic genera in our PM10 samples. We also found that, with the exception of Panicum and Physcomitrella, all of the most abundant and pervasive identified Streptophyta genera could serve as potential sources of aeroallergens in the studied area.
Emerging Trends in the West Nile Virus Epidemiology in Croatia in the ‘One Health’ Context, 2011–2020
Authors: Vilibic-Cavlek Tatjana , Savic Vladimir , Klobucar Ana , Ferenc Thomas , Ilic Maja , Bogdanic Maja , Tabain Irena , Stevanovic Vladimir , Santini Marija , Curman Posavec Marcela , Petrinic Suncica , Benvin Iva , Ferencak Ivana , Rozac Vlatko , Barbic Ljubo
Published: July 2021

West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widely distributed (re-)emerging arboviruses. In Croatia, acute WNV infections as well as seropositivity were detected in humans, horses, birds and poultry. Although serologic evidence of WNV human infections dates back to the 1970s, no clinical cases were reported until 2012. WNV outbreaks, as well as sporadic infections, were continuously recorded in continental Croatian counties from 2012 to 2018. In addition, acute asymptomatic infections (IgM antibodies) in horses have been regularly notified in continental regions since 2012, while seropositive horses (seroprevalence rates 3.7–21.4%) were detected in both continental and coastal regions. Moreover, WNV seropositivity in poultry (1.8–22.9%) was reported from 2013 to 2020. During the largest WNV outbreak in 2018, WNV RNA was detected for the first time in two dead goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) from the same aviary in North-West Croatia, while WNV antibodies were found in one buzzard (Butteo butteo) from the same region. In addition, WNV RNA was detected in a dead blackbird (Turdus merula) at the Croatian littoral. The phylogenetic analysis of 11 strains detected in urine samples of patients with neuroinvasive disease and 1 strain detected in a goshawk showed circulation of WNV lineage 2. Thus far, WNV has not been detected in mosquitoes in Croatia.
Constraining the Swiss-Cheese IR-Fixed Point Cosmology with Cosmic Expansion
Authors: Mitra Ayan , Zarikas Vasilios , Bonanno Alfio , Good Michael , Güdekli Ertan
Published: July 2021

A recent work proposed that the recent cosmic passage to a cosmic acceleration era is the result of the existence of small anti-gravity sources in each galaxy and clusters of galaxies. In particular, a Swiss-cheese cosmology model, which relativistically integrates the contribution of all these anti-gravity sources on a galactic scale has been constructed assuming the presence of an infrared fixed point for a scale dependent cosmological constant. The derived cosmological expansion provides an explanation for both the fine tuning and the coincidence problem. The present work relaxes the previous assumption on the running of the cosmological constant and allows for a generic scaling around the infrared fixed point. Our analysis reveals that, in order to produce a cosmic evolution consistent with the best ΛCDM model, the IR-running of the cosmological constant is consistent with the presence of an IR-fixed point.
Serological Evidence of Widespread Zika Transmission across the Philippines
Authors: Biggs Joseph R. , Sy Ava Kristy , Brady Oliver J. , Kucharski Adam J. , Funk Sebastian , Tu Yun-Hung , Reyes Mary Anne Joy , Quinones Mary Ann , Jones-Warner William , Ashall James , Avelino Ferchito L. , Sucaldito Nemia L. , Tandoc Amado O. , Cutiongco-de la Paz Eva , Capeding Maria Rosario Z. , Padilla Carmencita D. , Hibberd Martin L. , Hafalla Julius Clemence R.
Published: July 2021

Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure across flavivirus-endemic countries, including the Philippines, remains largely unknown despite sporadic case reporting and environmental suitability for transmission. Using laboratory surveillance data from 2016, 997 serum samples were randomly selected from suspected dengue (DENV) case reports across the Philippines and assayed for serological markers of short-term (IgM) and long-term (IgG) ZIKV exposure. Using mixture models, we re-evaluated ZIKV IgM/G seroprevalence thresholds and used catalytic models to quantify the force of infection (attack rate, AR) from age-accumulated ZIKV exposure. While we observed extensive ZIKV/DENV IgG cross-reactivity, not all individuals with active DENV presented with elevated ZIKV IgG, and a proportion of dengue-negative cases (DENV IgG-) were ZIKV IgG-positive (14.3%, 9/63). We identified evidence of long-term, yet not short-term, ZIKV exposure across Philippine regions (ZIKV IgG+: 31.5%, 314/997) which was geographically uncorrelated with DENV exposure. In contrast to the DENV AR (12.7% (95%CI: 9.1–17.4%)), the ZIKV AR was lower (5.7% (95%CI: 3–11%)) across the country. Our results provide evidence of widespread ZIKV exposure across the Philippines and suggest the need for studies to identify ZIKV infection risk factors over time to better prepare for potential future outbreaks.
A Mortality-Based Description of EHDV and BTV Prevalence in Farmed White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Florida, USA
Authors: Cottingham Sydney L. , White Zoe S. , Wisely Samantha M. , Campos-Krauer Juan M.
Published: July 2021

Hemorrhagic disease (HD) caused by bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is the most important viral disease of farmed and wild white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) and can cause substantial mortality in susceptible hosts. Captive cervid farming is an emerging industry in Florida, an HD-enzootic region. Morbidity and mortality due to HD are major concerns among deer farmers, but the impact of HD on Florida’s cervid farming industry is unknown. Our primary objective was to determine the prevalence of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and bluetongue virus (BTV) among WTD submitted to the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Cervidae Health Research Initiative (CHeRI) for post-mortem diagnostics. Our secondary objectives were to identify the predominant circulating EHDV serotypes during each sampling year and to determine the age class with the greatest proportion of EHDV- and BTV-positive post-mortem specimens. From 2016 to 2020, spleen samples from 539 farmed WTD with unexplained mortality were tested for the presence of EHDV and BTV by RT-qPCR. Overall, the prevalence of EHDV, BTV, or EHDV/BTV coinfection was 26%, 16%, and 10%, respectively, and 44% of deer (237/539) were diagnosed with HD by RT-qPCR. The predominant circulating EHDV serotype varied by year. Overall, EHDV-2 was the most commonly identified serotype (55% of PCR-positive cases), and EHDV-1 was the least frequently identified serotype (16% of PCR-positive cases). The greatest proportion of EHDV/BTV positives among mortality cases was observed in young WTD aged 3–6 months (50%–82% positive). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of EHDV/BTV by age when comparing specimens from WTD over 1 year old (p = 0.029, n = 527). Among these samples, the number of reported mortalities and the prevalence of EHDV/BTV were highest in yearling animals (56%). These data provide the first estimate of EHDV and BTV prevalence and virus serotypes among farmed WTD in Florida, identify the WTD age groups with the greatest proportions of EHDV- and BTV-positive specimens, and suggest that HD caused by these two viruses may be a major source of mortality challenging the captive cervid farming industry in Florida.
Morphological Diversity and Dynamics of Dengue Virus Affecting Antigenicity
Authors: Fibriansah Guntur , Lim Xin-Ni , Lok Shee-Mei
Published: July 2021

The four serotypes of the mature dengue virus can display different morphologies, including the compact spherical, the bumpy spherical and the non-spherical clubshape morphologies. In addition, the maturation process of dengue virus is inefficient and therefore some partially immature dengue virus particles have been observed and they are infectious. All these viral particles have different antigenicity profiles and thus may affect the type of the elicited antibodies during an immune response. Understanding the molecular determinants and environmental conditions (e.g., temperature) in inducing morphological changes in the virus and how potent antibodies interact with these particles is important for designing effective therapeutics or vaccines. Several techniques, including cryoEM, site-directed mutagenesis, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, time-resolve fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and molecular dynamic simulation, have been performed to investigate the structural changes. This review describes all known morphological variants of DENV discovered thus far, their surface protein dynamics and the key residues or interactions that play important roles in the structural changes.
Characterization of the Roles of SGT1/RAR1, EDS1/NDR1, NPR1, and NRC/ADR1/NRG1 in Sw-5b-Mediated Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
Authors: Chen Zhengqiang , Wu Qian , Tong Cong , Chen Hongyu , Miao Dan , Qian Xin , Zhao Xiaohui , Jiang Lei , Tao Xiaorong
Published: July 2021

The tomato Sw-5b gene confers resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and encodes a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein with an N-terminal Solanaceae-specific domain (SD). Although our understanding of how Sw-5b recognizes the viral NSm elicitor has increased significantly, the process by which Sw-5b activates downstream defense signaling remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used a tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system to investigate the roles of the SGT1/RAR1, EDS1/NDR1, NPR1, and NRC/ADR1/NRG1 genes in the Sw-5b-mediated signaling pathway. We found that chaperone SGT1 was required for Sw-5b function, but co-chaperone RAR1 was not. Sw-5b-mediated immune signaling was independent of both EDS1 and NDR1. Silencing NPR1, which is a central component in SA signaling, did not result in TSWV systemic infection in Sw-5b-transgenic N. benthamiana plants. Helper NLR NRCs (NLRs required for cell death) were required for Sw-5b-mediated systemic resistance to TSWV infection. Suppression of NRC2/3/4 compromised the Sw-5b resistance. However, the helper NLRs ADR1 and NRG1 may not participate in the Sw-5b signaling pathway. Silencing ADR1, NRG1, or both genes did not affect Sw-5b-mediated resistance to TSWV. Our findings provide new insight into the requirement for conserved key components in Sw-5b-mediated signaling pathways.
Using Adjuvants to Drive T Cell Responses for Next-Generation Infectious Disease Vaccines
Authors: Rapaka Rekha R. , Cross Alan S. , McArthur Monica A.
Published: July 2021

Using adjuvants to drive features of T cell responses to vaccine antigens is an important technological challenge in the design of new and improved vaccines against infections. Properties such as T helper cell function, T cell memory, and CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity may play critical roles in optimal and long-lived immunity through vaccination. Directly manipulating specific immune activation or antigen delivery pathways with adjuvants may selectively augment desired T cell responses in vaccination and may improve the effectiveness and durability of vaccine responses in humans. In this review we outline recently studied adjuvants in their potential for antigen presenting cell and T cell programming during vaccination, with an emphasis on what has been observed in studies in humans as available.
An Evaluation of Urban Resilience to Flooding
Authors: Xu Wenping , Cong Jinting , Proverbs David , Zhang Linlan
Published: July 2021

Flooding has become the natural disaster that causes the greatest losses, with urban flooding restricting the healthy development of cities. The ability to assess a city’s resilience to flooding is very important and would contribute to improving resilience and also help to inform planning and development. The aim of this study was to determine the key urban flood resilience indicators for three different Chinese cities (Wuhan, Nanjing, and Hefei) and to prioritize these for each city. A combined interpretive structure and network analysis method (ISM-ANP) model was used to evaluate and analyze the selected evaluation indicators. A four-level urban flood resilience evaluation network model was constructed to determine the interdependence between indicators and to calculate the priorities of the flood resilience indicators for the three cities. Overall, rescue capacity was found to be extremely important and was defined as the most important index. For Wuhan, indicators related to the distribution of waters were found to be more important, while for Nanjing, spatial planning and spatial structure of land use were found to be key priorities. In Hefei, the level of investment in infrastructure and the level of public resources occupy a more important position. The framework presented in this study contributes to the understanding of urban flood resilience and has the potential to be extended to other natural hazards.
Quality Assessment of Bottled and Unbottled Drinking Water in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md. Ripaj , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin , Abedin Md. Jainal , Akter Nahida , Molla Jamal AHM Shofiul Islam , Sultana Rokaia , Sultana Shahnaz , Hasan Mehedi , Osman Hamid , Elesawy Basem H. , Sayyed M. I. , Sulieman A.
Published: July 2021

The demand for bottled drinking water in Bangladesh is becoming popular due to the lack of safe drinking water sources. The present study was carried out to assess the water quality and public health impacts of local brands of bottled drinking water and tube-well water, compared to the imported ones. Several state-of-the-art techniques were employed to determine the contents of pH, EC, salinity, chloride, nitrates, nitrites, fluoride, sulfates, phosphates, bicarbonate, turbidity, color, total hardness, and total dissolved solids in the studied water samples. The measured data show that the level of dissolved minerals in the local branded bottled water is very low (with an exception for sample codes D1 and D8), while imported brands, Zamzam water, and tube-well water contain satisfactory level of minerals and fulfill Dietary Reference Intake requirements. Total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli were found to be absent in local brands of bottled water and tube-well water. On the other hand, concentrations of some radionuclides 40K, 238U, 226Ra, 210Pb, 210Po, 222Rn, 137Cs, and 232Th in local bottled water and tube-well water were found to be less than the permissible level given by WHO (2011). The results reveal that local bottled drinking water manufacturing companies may not be following standard guidelines and quality control steps properly. Thus, improvement in their standard operating process is urgently needed to ensure strict compliance with guidelines set by Bangladesh standards and testing institutions.
Prediction of Slow-Moving Landslide Mobility Due to Rainfall Using a Two-Wedges Model
Authors: Troncone Antonello , Pugliese Luigi , Parise Andrea , Conte Enrico
Published: July 2021

In the present study, the landslides cyclically reactivated by water-table oscillations due to rainfall are dealt with. The principal kind of motion that usually characterizes such landslides is a slide with rather small velocity. As another feature, soil deformations are substantially accumulated inside a narrow shear zone situated below the landslide body so that the latter approximately slides rigidly. Within this framework, a new approach is developed in this paper to predict the mobility of this type of landslides due to rainfall. To this end, a two-wedges model is used to schematize the moving soil mass. Some analytical solutions are derived to link rain recordings with water-table fluctuations and in turn to landslide displacements. A well-documented landslide frequently activated by rainfall is studied to check the forecasting capacity of the proposed method.
Sensitivity and Performance Analyses of the Distributed Hydrology–Soil–Vegetation Model Using Geomorphons for Landform Mapping
Authors: Melo Pâmela A. , Alvarenga Lívia A. , Tomasella Javier , Mello Carlos R. , Martins Minella A. , Coelho Gilberto
Published: July 2021

Landform classification is important for representing soil physical properties varying continuously across the landscape and for understanding many hydrological processes in watersheds. Considering it, this study aims to use a geomorphology map (Geomorphons) as an input to a physically based hydrological model (Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM)) in a mountainous headwater watershed. A sensitivity analysis of five soil parameters was evaluated for streamflow simulation in each Geomorphons feature. As infiltration and saturation excess overland flow are important mechanisms for streamflow generation in complex terrain watersheds, the model’s input soil parameters were most sensitive in the “slope”, “hollow”, and “valley” features. Thus, the simulated streamflow was compared with observed data for calibration and validation. The model performance was satisfactory and equivalent to previous simulations in the same watershed using pedological survey and moisture zone maps. Therefore, the results from this study indicate that a geomorphologically based map is applicable and representative for spatially distributing hydrological parameters in the DHSVM.
Variation in Vegetation and Its Driving Force in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China
Authors: Yi Yang , Wang Bin , Shi Mingchang , Meng Zekun , Zhang Chen
Published: July 2021

The temporal and spatial characteristics of vegetation in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (MRYR) were analyzed from 1999 to 2015 by trend analysis, co-integration analysis, partial correlation analysis, and spatial analysis using MODIS-NDVI time series remote sensing data. The average NDVI of the MRYR increased from 0.72 to 0.80, and nearly two-thirds of the vegetation showed a significant trend of improvement. At the inter-annual scale, the relationship between NDVI and meteorological factors was not significant in most areas. At the inter-monthly scale, NDVI was almost significantly correlated with precipitation, relative humidity, and sunshine hours, and the effect of precipitation and sunshine hours on NDVI showed a pronounced lag. When the altitude was less than 2500 m, NDVI increased with elevation. NDVI increased gradually as the slope increased and decreased gradually as the slope aspect changed from north to south. NDVI decreased as the population density and per capita GDP increased and was significantly positively correlated with afforestation policy. These findings provide new insights into the effects of climate change and human activities on vegetation growth.
Sediment Transport and Water Flow Resistance in Alluvial River Channels: Modified Model of Transport of Non-Uniform Grain-Size Sediments
Authors: Gladkov Gennady , Habel Michał , Babiński Zygmunt , Belyakov Pakhom
Published: July 2021

The paper presents recommendations for using the results obtained in sediment transport simulation and modeling of channel deformations in rivers. This work relates to the issues of empirical modeling of the water flow characteristics in natural riverbeds with a movable bottom (alluvial channels) which are extremely complex. The study shows that in the simulation of sediment transport and calculation of channel deformations in the rivers, it is expedient to use the calculation dependences of Chézy’s coefficient for assessing the roughness of the bottom sediment mixture, or the dependences of the form based on the field investigation data. Three models are most commonly used and based on the original formulas of Meyer-Peter and Müller (1948), Einstein (1950) and van Rijn (1984). This work deals with assessing the hydraulic resistance of the channel and improving the river sediment transport model in a simulation of riverbed transformation on the basis of previous research to verify it based on 296 field measurements on the Central-East European lowland rivers. The performed test calculations show that the modified van Rijn formula gives the best results from all the considered variants.
Analysis of the state and prospects of the market of fruit and berry products
Authors: Nikolaeva M.A. , Krokhaleva A.V.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the state of domestic production of fruit and berry products, their import and export. It is estimated that the production volumes of sugar confectionery products, including fruit and berry products, are almost continuously increasing. Marmalade accounts for a large share of the production of all fruit and berry products. Its share is 49.2%, including chewing marmalade with a share of 24.8%. Imports of these products are gradually decreasing. The assortment of imported fruit and berry products is dominated by ready-made confitures, jams, and fruit butter for retail trade (53%). Exports of these products are increasing from year to year, with exports to the CIS countries, China, and Mongolia dominating. Prospects for the development of the Russian market of fruit and berry products are formulated.
The application of nanostructured Rhodiola rosea extract in yogurt production
Authors: Krolevets A.A. , Myachikova N.I. , Glotova S.G. , Semichev K.M. , Mamaeva E.M.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the properties of nanostructured Rhodiola rosea extract; self-organization and particle size are determined using the NTA method. It is shown that the smallest size of nanocapsules is in agar-agar and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (155 nm). The use of nanostructured Rhodiola rosea extract in the production of yogurt has demonstrated that it can be used to produce functional food products.
The analysis of the state of the problem of processing agricultural waste and ways to solve it in the context of the formation of the organic products industry
Authors: Agapkin A.M.
Published: July 2021

The state of the problem of processing agricultural waste as a newly forming industry for the disposal of such waste in conjunction with the development of the emerging industry of organic production and the market of organic fertilizers is considered. The issue is regarded in the interrelation of the regulatory, economic and technological components in their dynamics from the current state to the target (desired).
The use of modern recipes and technologies of culinary products with plant extracts in the menu for the development of Russian hospitality
Authors: Vasyukova A.T. , Tonapetyan T.A.
Published: July 2021

The basic information about the functional properties of combined minced fish meat developed on the basis of a combination of animal and vegetable products in a specialized product is presented. This mutual addition of the recipe with various components allows creating a model functional minced meat and products based on it that best meet the needs of the body in terms of nutritional and biological value. Food products that have functional properties are timely, and their development is relevant. The purpose of the research was to develop technologies and recipes for minced fish products with dietary supplements. The objects of the research in the development of the recipe and technology of model minced fish meat were: pollock, cod, wheat bread made from premium flour, dried mushroom oil extract, juniper oil extract, coriander oil extract and "Moby Lux Universal" as a dietary supplement. Oil extracts of vegetable raw materials were used as plasticizing additives and flavoring agents. The use of additives of plant origin allows stabilizing the functional and technological properties of raw materials, increase the biological value, and emphasize the organoleptic characteristics of the finished product.
Characteristics of the most common deficiencies in the structure of the Russians’ nutrition and enriching additives for target foods
Authors: Lyublinskiy S.L. , Livinskaya S.A. , Sidorenko Yu.I. , Livinskiy A.A.
Published: July 2021

Among alimentary diseases, those that are caused by a lack of complete protein, calcium, iodine, and iron rank fi rst. In modern medical practice, various preparations based on inorganic and organic compounds of iodine, calcium, and iron are widely used to treat these diseases. Patients have to take large, non-physiological doses. Meanwhile, an uncontrolled amount of inorganic compounds enters the intestinal cells by passive diff usion, destroying the cell walls and leading to numerous side eff ects, which practically negates the positive eff ect of the drug. The article describes the technology for obtaining bioorganic iodine and heme iron. The characteristics of bioavailable additives intended for use in a wide range of food products are provided.
The system of monitoring and evaluation of school nutrition
Authors: Rozhdestvenskaya L.N.
Published: July 2021

The article summarizes international approaches to creating effective management tools that enable operational management of school nutrition programs of various scales — monitoring and evaluation systems. M&E system, as a project management tool, is the most relevant and appropriate way to reduce the level of uncertainty and ensure the effectiveness of management decisions, using the possibilities of digitalization. The paper suggests ways to create basic tools of the system for monitoring and evaluating national school nutrition programs and the national plan for the M&E system of the school nutrition program in Russia.
The rare Scottish endemic Hieracium fulvocaesium orange-flowered hawkweed (Asteraceae) is on the verge of extinction
Authors: Rich Tim
Published: July 2021

The rare Scottish endemic Hieracium fulvocaesium Pugsley, orange-flowered hawkweed, is on the verge of extinction. Historic records indicate it was only known from the east banks of the River Naver, Bettyhill, Sutherland. Three plants were rediscovered in 2017. It is IUCN threat status ‘Critically Endangered’ and it requires urgent conservation work to conserve it in the wild.
Financiarización del desarrollo urbano en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Delgadillo Víctor
Published: July 2021

La financiarización es una forma de reproducción de capitales basada en inversiones en los mercados financieros globales. El mercado inmobiliario se ha convertido cada vez con mayor intensidad en un vehículo altamente lucrativo para la reproducción de capitales financieros y ha adquirido una escala colosal en varias ciudades del mundo. La financiarización del desarrollo urbano está contribuyendo a la profundización de la segregación socioespacial, la fragmentación urbana y la construcción de un despilfarro urbano, pues los inmuebles no se construyen en función de necesidades locales, sino como activos financieros en los mercados de capitales internacionales. Este artículo indaga en cómo ocurre la financiarización del desarrollo urbano en la Ciudad de México, a partir del análisis de una base de datos de 272 grandes desarrollos inmobiliarios, promovidos y realizados entre 2010 y 2020, con sistemas de financiamiento articulados a inversiones internacionales. El artículo revisa las aportaciones latinoamericanas recientes sobre el tema de la financiarización del desarrollo urbano y la vivienda; y analiza los instrumentos financieros, las inmobiliarias involucradas y la política urbana local neoliberal, que permiten la captura de capitales foráneos en la edificación de colosales desarrollos inmobiliarios.
Las configuraciones emergentes del consumo. Transformaciones del comercio minorista y restructuración de la centralidad en la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires
Authors: Vecslir Lorena , Sciutto Florencia
Published: July 2021

En una región urbana tan compleja como la de Buenos Aires, los espacios de consumo no pueden reducirse a solo dos formatos (shopping vs. calle comercial) o emplazamientos (centro vs. periferia). Este trabajo busca explicar la estructura y transformaciones del comercio minorista en el contexto metropolitano. Específicamente, se orienta a la construcción de cartografías ilustrativas de las múltiples configuraciones que este segmento económico adquiere en los distintos corredores y coronas metropolitanas, más allá de los modelos jerárquicos y del peso de la centralidad tradicional. En base a datos de Google Maps y otras fuentes complementarias, se generan mapas de diversidad e intensidad comercial que muestran una estructuración lineal de esta actividad a lo largo de antiguas rutas y avenidas supramunicipales, y una concentración nodal en torno a las estaciones ferroviarias, con infiltración en las mallas residenciales e industriales preexistentes. Simultáneamente, se identifican algunas tendencias recientes de transformación o revitalización comercial que suman a los centros, corredores y shoppings tradicionales, nuevos productos tales como shoppings de cercanía, polos gastronómicos y operaciones de renovación de centros comerciales “a cielo abierto”. Se parte de la base de que la lectura interpretativa de estas configuraciones emergentes puede servir para identificar dinámicas más amplias de reestructuración de la centralidad metropolitana y especificidades de cada contexto que han tendido a ser soslayadas por estudios urbanos enfocados en los efectos territoriales de la globalización.
Un espacio donde escuchar al enemigo. Entrevista a Lola Arias.
Authors: Kantor Débora
Published: July 2021

La entrevista recorre distintos temas transversales a la obra de la dramaturga, escritora y performer Lola Arias, desde Mi vida después (2009) hasta Futureland (2019), como el uso de los archivos públicos y personales, la tensión entre arte y política, la relación entre experiencia e historia, y su perspectiva acerca del espacio teatral, el trabajo con lo biográfico y la traducción.
La poética teatral de Omar Serra en la versión de un texto de Sade. Una puesta que irrumpe en la escena rosarina
Authors: Ponte Daniela
Published: July 2021

Sobreviviente de los ‘60 (Serra: 1997) y portador de la estética y del “modo de los ‘80” (Lucena y Laboureau, 2016:16), Omar Serra estrena en abril del 2017 en Rosario Filosofía en el Tocador, una adaptación original de la novela homónima escrita por Donatien Alphonse François de Sade –conocido como  el Marqués de Sade– y publicada en 1795. Un cuidado vestuario de época, música de Queen,  escenas al filo del sexo explícito,  centralidad y protagonismo de lo corporal,  son algunos de los elementos que se ponen en juego para evocar a la corte francesa de finales del siglo XVIII y constituyen el marco en el que Serra nos enseña nuevamente como llevar la impronta del under a la escena rosarina. En el presente trabajo exploraremos las particularidades de la poética serreana presentes en una puesta tan intensa como perturbadora.
Survey on different methods in image compression of Brain Images
Authors: Udawant Sandip Rajendra , Magar Satyawati
Published: July 2021

The survey of brain and medical image compression methods. Reduce the size of image as image compression. Necessity and importance of compression of an image has been discussed.  Application of the lossy compression technique is multimedia data. Various compression approaches are discussed for two categories. Also brain image compression techniques are highlighted, in addition with, quantitative comparisons between different compression methods. Also advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.
Drivers' Real-Time Drowsiness Identification Using Facial Features and Automatic Vehicle Speed Control
Authors: N.A Natraj , S Bhavani
Published: July 2021

The road crash is one of the significant problems that is of great concern in today's world. Road accidents are often caused by drivers' carelessness and negligence. The drowsy condition of the drivers, which occurs due to overwork, fatigue, and many other factors, is one of those causes. It is therefore most critical to establish systems that can detect the driver's drowsy state and provide the drivers with the appropriate warning system. In addition to the automatic speed control of the car, this system thus supports drivers in incidents by providing warnings in advance. This means that road collisions that are harmful to living lives are minimised. This is achieved by using the technique of image recognition, where driver drowsiness is observed, and using this method, simultaneous warning and speed monitoring of the vehicle is carried out.
Counter-Narrative Tradition
Authors: D Umadevi
Published: July 2021

The term “counter narrative” refers to a narrative that takes on meaning through its relation with one or more other narratives. While this relation is not necessarily oppositional, it involves a stance toward some other narrative(s), and it is this aspect of stance, or position, that distinguishes counter narrative from other forms of intertextuality. The article explained, “counter‐narratives only make sense in relation to something else, that which they are countering counter narratives has been seen as a means of opposing or resisting socially and culturally informed master narratives (about, for example, skin colour, ethnicity, and food culture), which are often normative or oppressive, or exclude perspectives or experiences that diverge from those conveyed through master narratives. In this sense, counter narratives play a role in storytellers positioning themselves against, or critiquing, the themes and ideologies of master narratives. Used in this way, “counter narratives” refer to “the stories which people tell and live which offer resistance, either implicitly or explicitly, to dominant cultural narratives” This articles explains the counter narratives on perception of black skin colour and food culture. Both the concepts of counter-culture and counter-narrative tradition are new in the folklore field of Tamil traction.
The way of life that shows Nambiyaga Porul
Authors: M Chennappan
Published: July 2021

The development of grammatical literature is constantly changing according to the context in which it appears. On that basis, each of the Tamil grammar books records the biographical elements of the people who lived in the respective period. Nambiyaga Porul is the book that expands the internal grammar after the Iraiyanar Kalaviyalurai who gives grammar to the internal subject in the line of grammar. In that sense, the autobiographical grammar of Tholkappiyar grammar and Chandor's literature, which adapts it, expands the internal grammar and sets it up as a story show, showing new developments. The description of the inner branch was first known in this book. Karuporul ettu. He was fourteen. He also mentions the events leading up to the marriage in the area of handwriting and drawing people. The description of the inner branch was first known in this book. The karpiyal nattrai thirteen people were found to have marked the day along with the learner. It is the only object of faith in grammar texts that standardize internal traditions and describe them as fields. Tholkappiyar refers to events only as claims. Theft classification has been categorized as possible up to chastity and has been divided into various claims in 32 fields. Theft and chastity have been categorized and elaborated, and charitable standing has been summarized into seven categories, which have been extensively discussed in two areas, internal and graphical. Beliefs such as the Tholkappiyam have five physical distinctions: introspection, theology, graphics, pedagogy, and annihilation. The grammatical definition of thirukkovaiyar is also interpreted as the concept of intuition. The text is based on the amount, type, and spread. Literary songs such as Thanjai Vanan Kovai songs, Sangam literary songs, Thinaimozhi Iympadhu, Thinaimaalai Nootruiympadhu, thirukkovaiyar have also been taken as evidence songs. It explores lifestyles that show a special optimism with a theatrical style and literary style that arose from the old and new tradition.