bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weryfikacja i walidacja nowego algorytmu planowania tras w przestrzeni FRA
Authors: Majka Andrzej
Published: November 2020

Europa stoi przed kryzysem przepustowości przestrzeni powietrznej, ponieważ prognozuje się, że liczba lotów wzrośnie nawet o 50% w ciągu najbliższych 10-20 lat. Niska efektywność spowodowana rozdrobnieniem europejskiej przestrzeni powietrznej wywołuje co roku wysokie dodatkowe koszty, które ponoszone są głównie przez przewoźników i pasażerów. Obwiązujące zasady planowania lotów sprawiają, że plany lotu rzadko są zgodne z ich operacyjną realizacją. Efektem tego jest niska przewidywalność ruchu lotniczego wpływająca na duże obciążenie kontrolerów ruchu lotniczego w trakcie rozwiązywania sytuacji konfliktowych oraz na duże opóźnienia w ruchu lotniczym. Brak możliwości skutecznej optymalizacji trasy na etapie planowania lotu sprawia, że europejskie trasy lotu są wydłużone w stosunku do rozwiązań optymalnych, co w konsekwencji oznacza większe zużycie paliwa, wzrost emisji zanieczyszczeń oraz wyższe koszty dla użytkowników. Praca dotyczy sprawdzenia poprawności działania nowego algorytmu planowania tras w przestrzeni FRA, opisanego w [7], pozwalającego na uwzględnienie złożoności przestrzeni powietrznej oraz ograniczeń w niej występujących. Opracowany algorytm może być wykorzystywany w zautomatyzowanych systemach planowania lotu, dostępnych dla niekomercyjnych użytkowników (General Aviation) lub mniejszych firm lotniczych (Business Aviation, Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems). Weryfikacja otrzymanych wyników przeprowadzona została przez porównanie otrzymanych tras z trasami zaplanowanymi ręcznie przez pilotów zawodowych o dużym doświadczeniu lotniczym. Walidacja, wykazująca wykonalność zaplanowanych tras, przeprowadzona została z wykorzystanie symulatora lotu klasy FNPT II w trakcie symulowanych lotów w czasie rzeczywistym.
Współpraca ponadeuropejska w obszarze lotnictwa w świetle realizacji celów agendy Flightpath 2050
Authors: Majka Andrzej , Wacnik Paweł
Published: November 2020

Europa wkracza w nową erę rozwoju, która definiuje nowe wyzwania wynikające z rozwoju technologicznego, zwiększonej mobilności ludzi i globalizacji zmian. Efektem tych zmian są szanse, ale także ryzyko związane z tymi zmianami. Transport lotniczy oraz przemysł pracujący na jego potrzeby, ze względu na swoją specyfikę wynikającą z najbardziej zaawansowanego poziomu rozwoju technicznego oraz olbrzymiego znaczenia w gospodarce, jest szczególnie wrażliwy i podatny na wpływ warunków rozwoju. Jednym z narzędzi wspomagających proces rozwoju branży lotniczej jest długoterminowa wizja rozwoju tego sektora. Wspólna wizja rozwoju sektora lotniczego została opracowana przez Komisję Europejską z wiodącą rolą Rady Doradczej ds. Badań Aeronautycznych w Europie (Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe, ACARE) i opublikowana w raporcie Flightpath 2050. W artykule dokonano analizy stanu współpracy krajów europejskich z innymi krajami świata w najważniejszych obszarach związanych z rozwojem transportu lotniczego, takich jak zarządzanie ruchem lotniczym (ATM), bezpieczeństwo, certyfikacja środków transportu lotniczego oraz ich wpływ na środowisko naturalne, w kontekście realizacji wspólnych celów zidentyfikowanych w raporcie Flightpath 2050, prezentującym wizję rozwoju lotnictwa i transportu lotniczego w Europie.
Wstępne projektowanie profilu misyjnego dla lotniczo-rakietowego systemu wynoszenia miniaturowych ładunków orbitalnych
Authors: Olejnik Aleksander , Rogólski Robert , Bartnicki Piotr
Published: November 2020

Celem rozważań zaprezentowanych w niniejszym opracowaniu było wstępne wyznaczenie profilu misyjnego dla lotniczo-rakietowego systemu wynoszenia ładunków orbitalnych oraz ocena możliwości wykorzystania myśliwca MiG-29 jako transportera rakiety z użytecznym ładunkiem. Koncepcja transportowania miniaturowych satelitów za pomocą rakiet wystrzeliwanych z samolotów po osiągnięciu pewnego pułapu staje się coraz bardziej atrakcyjna ze względu na postępującą miniaturyzację urządzeń elektronicznych (a tym samym wynoszonych obiektów), co pociąga za sobą wzrost opłacalności takich przedsięwzięć. Przedstawiony zarys misji opracowano na podstawie podobnych historycznych koncepcji. Wykorzystując odpowiednią dokumentację eksploatacyjną samolotu MiG-29, analitycznie oszacowano zużycie paliwa w locie z podwieszoną hipotetyczną rakietą. Dodatkowo za pomocą specjalistycznego środowiska symulacyjnego Aircraft Performance Program (APP) zbadano profil misji w locie z rzeczywistą rakietą ILR-33 Bursztyn, uzyskując wartości zużycia paliwa bardzo podobne do tych wyznaczonych drogą analityczną.W obu przypadkach samolot MiG-29 zużywa ok. 50% początkowej ilości paliwa, co dowodzi, że pod tym względem istnieje niewątpliwy potencjał wykorzystania tego myśliwca w perspektywie programu misyjnego.
Charakterystyki aerodynamiczne skoczka spadochronowego
Authors: Walnik Maciej , Strzelecka Katarzyna , Gronczewski Andrzej
Published: November 2020

W artykule przedstawiono: sposób wyznaczenia współczynników siły oporu czołowego dla trzech skoczków o różnej budowie ciała przy wykorzystaniu pionowego tunelu aerodynamicznego; algorytm obliczania prędkości swobodnego opadania z uwzględnianiem zmian gęstości powietrza oraz fizykalnych parametrów skoczka; metodykę wyznaczania maksymalnej prędkości opadania (tzw. prędkość graniczną); zależność zmian prędkości lotu w funkcji czasu opadania dla skoczków o różnych pramateriach fizykalnych; procedurę badań symulacyjnych z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania CFD Ansys Fluent. Wyniki uzyskane podczas obliczeń i badań z wykorzystaniem programu CFD wykazały znaczną zbieżność.
Sterowanie poprzeczne bezzałogowym statkiem powietrznym za pomocą zaburzaczy warstwy przyściennej
Authors: Wygodzka Kamila , Gronczewski Andrzej , Kurzynowski Tomasz
Published: November 2020

W artykule przedstawiona została koncepcja sterowania poprzecznego bezzałogowym statkiem powietrznym (BSP) przy pomocy zaburzaczy warstwy przyściennej, opisana szerzej w pracy magisterskiej pt. „Badanie efektywności sterowania samolotem za pomocą wirów krawędziowych” [3]. Przeprowadzony został przegląd aktualnego stanu wiedzy w temacie sposobów generowania wirów krawędziowych i opracowane zostały rozwiązania mechanicznych turbulizatorów dla modelu o skrzydle prostokątnym. Omówione zostały także wyniki badań eksperymentalnych przeprowadzonych w tunelu wodnym dla modeli wyposażonych w układy turbulizujące z elementami aktywnymi oraz pasywnymi. W podsumowaniu zaproponowano możliwe dalsze kierunki rozwoju badań nad niekonwencjonalnymi sposobami sterowania.
Analiza trendów zdarzeń lotniczych z wykorzystaniem integracji baz danych
Authors: Wysocki Mikołaj , Lasek Maciej
Published: November 2020

W artykule – przy zastosowaniu metody integracji baz danych – poddano analizie zdarzenia lotnicze zgłoszone do PKBWL w latach 2003-2015. Zastosowanie metody integracji baz danych do analiz tego typu faktów odznacza się nowością oraz efektywnością, pozwoliło bowiem na porównywanie danych w szerokim zakresie. Im bardziej szczegółowe dane poddawano analizie, tym więcej można było wskazać przyczyn zdarzeń i ich powiązań z okolicznościami ich wystąpienia. Na podstawie autorskiego współczynnika ustalono, że można określić zgłaszalność zdarzeń, a także, że wzrost liczby wykonywanych lotów powodował coraz większą liczbę zdarzeń, co wydaje się zjawiskiem logicznym, ale zarazem nie powodował on wzrostu liczby ofiar śmiertelnych. Bardziej szczegółowej analizie poddano zdarzenia z udziałem szybowców. W tym obszarze udało się powiązać przyczyny zdarzenia z charakterem oraz fazą lotu. Potwierdzono, iż największa ich liczba występuje w fazie lądowania i ma związek z błędem człowieka.
Analiza możliwości zwiększenia udźwigu użytecznego samolotu Su-22 oraz MiG-29 dla potrzeb lotniczo-rakietowego systemu wynoszenia satelitów na niską orbitę okołoziemską
Authors: Zalewski Piotr , Jasztal Michał , Rogólski Robert
Published: November 2020

Praca stanowi kolejny etap rozwoju koncepcji lotniczo-rakietowego systemu wynoszenia niewielkich satelitów na niską orbitę okołoziemską przy wykorzystaniu samolotów MiG-29 oraz Su-22. W ramach tego etapu podjęto się zadania analizy możliwości zwiększenia udźwigu użytecznego tych samolotów. Stwierdzono, że cel ten można zrealizować, zmniejszając masę własną samolotu poprzez usunięcie elementów jego wyposażenia bojowego. Stąd też przeprowadzono analizę możliwości usunięcia elementów systemu sterowania bronią oraz współpracujących z nim urządzeń wykonawczych. Wykorzystując dokumentację techniczną rozważanych samolotów, dokonano szczegółowej analizy ww. systemów uzbrojenia w aspekcie ich demontażu, a wyniki prac zebrano w tabelach. W ramach pracy dokonano obliczeń wyważenia samolotu MiG-29 po usunięciu wybranych elementów. Do tego celu wykorzystano model masowy CAD samolotu opracowany w systemie NX. Obliczono, iż po demontażu zaproponowanej części wyposażenia bojowego samolotu MiG-29 środek masy całego obiektu misyjnego wędruje do 28% średniej cięciwy aerodynamicznej, co mieści się w dozwolonym przedziale (23,7%-30,5% MAC). W przypadku Su-22 stwierdzono, iż ponad 80% masy urządzeń wytypowanych do usunięcia leży w pobliżu środka masy samolotu, przez co ich usunięcie nie wpłynie znacząco na wyważenie samolotu.
Charakterystyka oraz rozwiązania technologiczne skrzydła samolotu F-16 BLOCK 52+
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej , Adamski Mirosław , Zwoliński Konrad , Grzybowski Tomasz
Published: November 2020

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja istniejącego, dostępnego w literaturze modelu dynamiki lotu samolotu F-16. Identyfikacja ta oznacza pełne zrozumienie tego modelu, zastosowanych w nim uproszczeń, nałożonych na model ograniczeń oraz określenie charakterystyk aerodynamicznych samolotu. Przedstawiono rozwiązania technologiczne mające na celu uzyskanie maksymalnie wysokiej manewrowości przy jednocześnie niewielkiej masie oraz niskim koszcie jednostkowym produkcji tego samolotu.
Analysis of resonant propulsion flapping wing micro aerial vehicle
Authors: Feng Kun , Sibilski Krzysztof
Published: November 2020

This article is concerned with the resonant property which is exhibited in insect flight, and analyzes how resonant propulsion works when implemented in powering a flapping wing micro aerial vehicle. This article is divided into three parts. In the first part, information regarding to insect flight, the resonant property, and flapping wing micro aerial vehicles are described. In the second part, mathematical models representing the micro aerial vehicle (basing on the model developed by Bolsman) are applied, simplified and built into simulation in MATLAB. Some interesting properties from the simulations are presented.
Diferenças de aprendizagem autorregulada em estudantes de pós-graduação: uma análise relacionando idade e gênero ao uso de estratégias
Authors: Lima Filho Raimundo Nonato , Casa Nova Silvia Pereira de Castro
Published: November 2020

Os primeiros estudos envolvendo a autorregulação na aprendizagem surgiram na década de 1980, quando os pesquisadores começaram a analisar como os alunos conduziam o aprendizado de forma independente. O objetivo deste estudo pretende analisar as implicações da idade e gênero no nível de aprendizagem autorregulada em estudantes de mestrado e doutorado em Contabilidade no Brasil. Os resultados indicaram que a variável gênero influencia significativamente o nível de aprendizagem autorregulada do estudante. Limitações relevantes deste estudo podem ser consideradas como oportunidades para futuras pesquisas: a amostra foi retirada de um público específico; a pesquisa pode exibir um viés de métodos comuns; e houve baixa participação de estudantes de mestrado profissional. Estudos futuros podem adotar diferentes estratégias metodológicas e/ou envolver amostras mais diversas ou acompanhar os alunos por mais tempo.
Aggregate estimation of investments in power plant units using a parametric power function
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Shchinnikov Pavel , Frantseva Alina ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Sadkin Ivan ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

In the course of designing new generating equipment for power plants and their thermal circuits, in the absence of information about their cost, analog indicators and/or expert assessments are used in the design practice. This approach allows us to compare various options if they can be brought to a comparable form and when the same type of equipment is used. When it is necessary to compare options that differ not only in the specified capacity, but also in the equipment configuration, a more accurate assessment of investment is required. The article proposes a method for estimating capital investment in power plants using a power parametric function. Capital investment is assessed for each unit of the power plant and its engineering system. A special feature of the approach is that the higher the cost of the unit is, the higher its thermodynamic characteristics, power, time of load use, etc. These factors are taken into account by the exponent in the power function. In addition, the correction coefficients take into account the configuration of the equipment, its climatic design, and configuration features. The combination of factors that are taken into account in the power function makes it possible to obtain an estimate of the cost of equipment in different versions. The uniformity of the problem statement makes it possible to apply the approach both to design tasks and to scientific and applied tasks of comparing the existing, newly developed and promising technologies. This paper presents the updating and development of the method developed in previous years at the department of thermal power plants of NSTU. Equations for determining investment in the main units and technical systems of power plants are presented. Estimates of investment in power plants currently under construction in Russia are made. It is shown that investment in power plants in Russia is 20-50% lower than in the USA and Europe, and 20-30% higher than in China.
Recognition of Russian and Indian sign languages used by the deaf people
Authors:   SASTRA Deemed University (Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy) Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India, Elakkiya R. , Grif Mikhail ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Prikhodko Alexey ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Bakaev Maxim ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

In our paper, we consider approaches towards the recognition of sign languages used by the deaf people in Russia and India. The structure of the recognition system for individual gestures is proposed based on the identification of its five components: configuration, orientation, localization, movement and non-manual markers. We overview the methods applied for the recognition of both individual gestures and continuous Indian and Russian sign languages. In particular we consider the problem of building corpuses of sign languages, as well as sets of training data (datasets). We note the similarity of certain individual gestures in Russian and Indian sign languages and specify the structure of the local dataset for static gestures of the Russian sign language. For the dataset, 927 video files with static one-handed gestures were collected and converted to JSON using the OpenPose library. After analyzing 21 points of the skeletal model of the right hand, the obtained reliability for the choice of points equal to 0.61, which was found insufficient. It is noted that the recognition of individual gestures and sign speech in general is complicated by the need for accurate tracking of various components of the gestures, which are performed quite quickly and are complicated by overlapping hands and faces. To solve this problem, we further propose an approach related to the development of a biosimilar neural network, which is to process visual information similarly to the human cerebral cortex: identification of lines, construction of edges, detection of movements, identification of geometric shapes, determination of the direction and speed of the objects movement. We are currently testing a biologically similar neural network proposed by A.V. Kugaevskikh on video files from the Russian sign language dataset.
A simulation model for managing field service teams of a power grid company
Authors:   Astrakhan State Technical University, Russian Federation, Kinzhalieva Aliya , Khanova Anna ,   Astrakhan State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The lack of the necessary investment in the electric grid complex over the past 20 years has led to a significant physical and technological obsolescence of electrical networks. In this regard, the task of ensuring the reliability of the provision of services by electric grid companies with a minimum level of costs is urgent. The implementation of this task in many respects depends on the reduction of the duration of the interruption of power supply to consumers, which can be achieved by improving the process of management of duty personnel of field service teams in case of accidents and technological disturbances. At the same time, modern grid companies were focused on minimum economically sound costs and aimed at improving the efficiency of financial and economic activities through the rational use of resources. The structure of a simulation model of field service team management in the event of accidents and technological disturbances in an electric grid company at the middle level of system abstraction is proposed. The simulation model includes an agent model, a system dynamics model, a component of the geo information system and experiments modules. The description of the simulation model of field service team management in the event of accidents and technological disturbances is formalized, input and output information on the components of the model is selected, the information describing the agent model is structured, and a diagram of the system dynamics model is built. The adequacy of the simulation model was checked based on the statistics of Lenenergo PJSC. Experimental schemes have been developed for a simulation model of operational team management in the event of accidents and technological disturbances in order to determine the best reliability and cost indicators. The developed approach can be used to create multi-approach simulation models for the management of operational teams in the event of accidents and technological disturbances for various electric grid companies by selecting modes according to the statistical reports of the electric grid company and connecting the corresponding GIS modules.
Review of Methods and Tools for Intellectual Property Analysis of Public Sector Entities
Authors: Khomenko Elena
Published: November 2020

The low efficiency of intellectual property (IP) in the public sector in our current economic environment is largely due to the insufficient development of the prevailing accounting and analytical system. Analytical methods, and the information basis of their application, are the core of this system. The formation of an accounting and analytical system consistent with the development priorities of public sector entities requires special research.This article provides a review of the methods and tools of analysis used by Russian and foreign scientists in the field of IP. Our research sample comprises 52 foreign and 39 Russian sources. Through a detailed textual analysis process, we systematise the existing methods used in the analyses of certain aspects of intellectual activity, and assess the information disclosure therein. Our evaluation is targeted towards identifying prospects for harmonising Russian and international approaches, and provide the groundwork for the improvement of accounting and analytical support for IP management in the public sector.Our results reveal possibilities for expanding the system of IP analysis methods for solving problems in the field of the IP economics and management on the basis of patent analytics. We also collate and classify patent analytics methods, and identify existing methodological problems at the macro- and microeconomic levels. Analytical methods are grouped in accordance with three stages of the reciprocal model of IP accounting and analysis in the public sector, developed within the framework of a novel theoretical and methodological approach.In conclusion, we illustrate the potential for applying the methods of nonlinear dynamics and the dynamic theory of innovation (re: patent information) to determine the trajectories of public sector entity development concerning levels of information disclosure. We also identify areas for follow up research revealed through our analysis.
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА ПО ИСТОРИЧЕСКИМ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯМ ВАСИЛИЯ БАРНОВА
Authors: İNAURİ Vakhtang
Published: November 2020

Творчество Василия Барнова богато как по своей тематике, так и проблематике. О нем было опубликовано много научных и литературных статей, изучены романы исторического жанра и рассказы, в которых нашла отражение современность. Изучен оригинальный художественный стиль и литературный язык писателя.
Но не было заострено должного внимания на социальной проблеме. Данная работа является первой попыткой изучения этой проблемы в истории изучения творчества В. Барнова. Писатель отражает социальный вопрос не с позиций различий имущественной или сословной принадлежности, а скорее воспринимает и осмысливает его в соответствии со своей этноэстетической концепцией:
Бог, добро и любовь. Эта триада определяет социальный характер персонажа и основную цель его жизни, которая пронизана христианской моралью и этническим феноменом. Исходя из этого, духовный мир и деятельность низших классов, а также доброжелательно расположенных к ним героев, пронизаны Божьей благодатью и возвышенным чувством любви. Таким образом, этот слой воплощает в себе справедливость, гуманизм и равноправие.
Для изучения проблемы было использовано несколько источников.
1. Широко признанные исторические произведения классика грузинской литературы В. Барнова: “мсхверпли (Жертва)”, “иснис тсискари (Заря Исани)”, “мимкрали шаравандеди)Померкший ореол”, “хазарта сасдзло(Невестка хазаров)”, “Георгий Саакадзе“ и другие.
2. “Картлис цховреба” - летопись Грузии. В произведении нашло отражение прошлое Грузии, в т.ч. события XVIII века.
3. “Вопросы истории новейшей грузинской литературы” Виолеты Цискаридзе, являющееся фундаментальным исследованием творчества В. Барнова.
4. Геронти Кикодзе, Сочинения, том I. Эта книга известного грузинского критика представляет важное значение для изучения художественной специфики прозы В. Барнова.
Sample preparation protocol for cross-sectional microscopy of hair fibers v1
Authors: Lasisi Tina
Published: November 2020

This protocol describes how to prepare hair fibers for cross-sectional microscopy.
New Phanar terminology: the theological anthropology of metropolitan John (Zizioulas).
Authors:   Kuban State University Krasnodar, Russia, Shakhbazian Marina A , Shakhbazian Karapet G. ,   Russian Orthodox Diocese of Yekaterinodar, Diocesan Administration Krasnodar, Russia
Published: November 2020

Today's crisis of interchurch communication in Orthodoxy requires reflection not only in a church-canonical or foreign policy context, but also in terms of theology, actually dogmatics. It is already clear that one of the most important reasons for the recent sentiments is the new ecclesiology, which can be seen in a number of statements and actions of the clergy of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. It is important to note that the Patriarchate of Constantinople is moving to profess this new ecclesiology quite independently, without taking into account the opinion of several Local Churches. The purpose of this study is to identify the specificity of theology of the Constantinople Patriarchate as one of the reasons for the new ecclesiology. The objectives of the study are to consistently analyze the theological terminology of Metropolitan John Zizioulas (today the most influential theologian of the Patriarchate of Constantinople), comparing it with the traditional patristic word usage. The work used the historical-comparative method, the method of hermeneutic interpretation (historical recognition interpretation). The analysis revealed a discrepancy between the teaching of the Church and that of Metropolitan Zizioulas about hypostasis and substance as applied to anthropology. Nor is it an explanation of the meaning of the teaching of the Church to modern readers, but it simply distorts its meaning.
The attitude of the urban population to religion institution (on example of Dagestan).
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography Dagestan Federal Research Center Russian Academy of Science Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation, Shakhbanova Madina M.
Published: November 2020

The growth of importance of religious component in modern Russian society caused growth of interest to the problem of religiosity and its different types taking place in different social groups as well as defining place of religion as marker of self-identification of individual. The problem of religious tolerance among followers of dif-ferent religion is also actualized. In this context we must define degree of loyalty to reli-gious organizations for example to Religious Organization of Muslims of Daghestan (ROMD). According to the results of the research it is found out that mass consciousness of citizens is characterized with low level demonstration of loyalty to both representatives of their religious society and most important institute of Islamic clergy – Religious Organization of Muslims of Daghestan. The monitoring research of degree of loyalty to cult organizations constants that there is significant decline of part of respondents demonstrating positive attitude and estimation of activity of religious organizations and clergy and there are objective and subjective reasons for above mentioned conclusion. Moreover it is found out that there is lack of balance between interests of believers to realize their religious obligations and active religious behavior at the same time. Lack of loyalty to religious institutes is caused by the fact that they disagree with orientation of clergy to participate in different social activities and it causes protest of the society.
Student as a subject of designing individual educational results in the process of additional education.
Authors:   Kuban State University Krasnodar, Russia, Bondarev Petr Borisovich , Ignatovich Vladlen Konstantinovich ,   Kuban State University Krasnodar, Russia, Kurochkina ValentinaEvgenievna ,   Kuban State University Krasnodar, Russia
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of students' readiness to master a new level of subjectivity for them, at which they are actively involved in the design of their individual educational results. The purpose of the article is to describe this level of subjectivity of a student, characterized by his readiness to design individual edu-cational results in the process of additional education. The prerequisites for the emer-gence of this problem in the field of modern research are characterized. The existing manifestations and levels of subjectivity of students in the educational process are de-scribed. It is shown that they are insufficient for the student to become the subject of designing individual educational results. The concept of a student's readiness for this type of educational activity is revealed, its motivational-target, content and regulatory-evaluative components are characterized. The general conclusion is made that the stu-dent's readiness to design individual educational results in the modern situation of education development is the object of social and pedagogical design.
Pedagogical system of the north caucasian peoples and methods of socialization of the growing generation.
Authors:   North Caucasus Institute for Advanced Studies (branch)  of Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Nalchik, Russia, Khachidogov Ruslan A.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the methods of socialization of the younger generations, which have been practiced in the North Caucasian pedagogical system for many centuries. At-tention is focused on the uniqueness of the system of public education, built on the symbiosis of family and social patronage, which includes the upbringing of the ideal of a perfect personality, which was presented as a harmonious combination of mental maturity, moral purity, aesthetic development, physical activity, work hardening. It is concluded that thanks to the folk wisdom of upbringing, based on traditions and customs, the North Caucasian peoples had a peculiar system of preparing young people for life, called "ethnopedagogy", which for many millennia has been developing methods of understanding the world around, therefore, to this day it is immortal means and methods in the socialization of the individual. This resource must be taken into account in the modern educational paradigm.
Research on the Promotion of Digital Reading in University Libraries under the New Media Environment in the 5G Era (on an example of Douyin video).
Authors:   Heihe University Heilongjiang province, Heihe, China.,, Zhang Yang , Yao Yao ,   Heihe University Heilongjiang province, Heihe, China.,
Published: November 2020

With the rapid development of the new media field, based on the high-speed perfor-mance of 5G networks, the development scale of mobile Internet online reading blowout has been realized. In modern conditions, the quality of data published in the media space requires careful analysis so that the consumer can consciously assess the reliability of the facts presented. This article takes the promotion content of digital reading in college libraries as the main research object, combined with the development environment of new media in the 5G era, and uses Douyin short video as the main promotion form to provide some insights and content for the current digital reading content in college libraries. idea. for reference only.
Natural triangle of best weather: Anapa (former Turkish fortress) – Temryuk (possession of the Kabardian prince Temryuk (Temroko) Idarov – Taman (ancient Tmutarakan).
Authors:   Institute of Russian History, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia, Bugay Nikolay F.
Published: November 2020

The state of the hydrometeorological network in any state, its effective work in solving the urgent problem of creating conditions for ensuring the country's security is also a vivid evidence of the ability and capabilities of the state itself in organizing the effective work of services necessary to support comfortable living conditions for the population. Scientists studying the history of various kinds of services in the state, in relation to the weather service, pay more attention to the past periods, connected to a large extent with the history of the emergence of a particular service, the provision of trained specialists, the provision of the economic side of the services. If we turn to the weather service, then, undoubtedly, the question of the formation of labor collectives at the meteorological station and other structures of the weather service should be put in the first place. The work of teams of specialists in modern conditions should not be disregarded. It is certainly associated with the past, with the traditions that were laid down by past generations and are carefully preserved for different weather stations. In general, they continue to develop and improve the methods of work of teams, rely on the scientific base, created technologies for observing and processing the data obtained, which met the requirements of the time in the past, and the formed base of observations of atmospheric phenomena. The article focuses primarily on the organization of the work of weather service specialists in modern conditions, which makes it possible to clarify many aspects of the process of organizing the activities of the observation system both in the regions of Russia, as well as on the scale of the state as a whole.
The life and times of A.D. Buchin, a Russian émigré in Serbia in the memoirs of descendants and documents.
Authors:   Moscow City University Moscow, Russia, Okunev Dmitry D.
Published: November 2020

This scholarly article is devoted to the life and career of Alexander D. Buchin, a Russian cadet, who emigrated from Russia to Serbia and made a name for himself in the country as an inventor and engineer. While residing in Serbia A.D. Buchin carried out state tasks, monitoring water in natural water resources. He was also involved design and construction of buildings around the country. A.D. Buchin who started a family and started his own company in Serbia was in XX imprisoned by the Communist regime in Yugoslavia. The article is the first attempt to recreate Mr Buchin life in Serbia, using documents, memories of his descendants and newspaper materials. The goal is to describe a prominent representative of the Russian emigration in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Yugoslavia in the 1920s–1940s. Methods. This article presents previously unknown facts of the biography of a Russian emigre, who in 1932 became a subject of the Yugoslav king and managed to build a suc-cessful career in Serbia. The article is using various research methodologies. The com-parative historical research is used to study the life and fate of a Russian émigré during the Civil War in Russia. The narrative method is used to study the position of the Russian emigration in Serbia against the background of political changes in this country and in the world during the review period. The information method allows to create series of events. The structural method allows identifying the stable relationships within the system, to ensure the protection of its basic principals. The article examines the events in a broad comparative context of history. Results. The unknown facts of the life of A.D. Buchin are compiled into a structured bi-ography of the Russian White émigré person. The author creates a personal portrait of the engineer, presenting various aspects of his life as hobbies, his sympathies, attitude to politics. Part of the article describes Mr Buchin life in the city of Sabac, there he resided. This article is intended to complement the global theme “Russian emigration in Serbia”.
Anthropology of religious conflict in post-soviet urban space during society transformation.
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of  Dagestan Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences Makhachkala, Russia, Khalidova Olga B.
Published: November 2020

Depending on the specific historical and socio-political situation in society, religious fac-tors can play various roles. In times of social crisis, it becomes one of the most influential forces used by various social and political groups in their own interests. In the capable hands of both individuals and statesmen, religion has the ability to influence the internal political situation and the mobilization of society. This was especially evident in the transit period of our country's history, when the historical prerequisites for the reforms defined the essence of socio-economic, political, spiritual development of the USSR in the second half of the 1980s – early 1990s. During this period, the development of the spiritual field of Russian society was characterized by a growing interest in Islam. All the prerequisites for the re-Islamization process have been established here. In this context, the Republic of Dagestan can serve as a local example, the development of which in the post-Soviet period of Russian history was conditioned by a difficult and sometimes rather complicated socio-political situation closely intertwined with the Islamic factor, headed by religious leaders who created a conflict situation. Concentrating attention on the role of the individual in the formation and development of social and religious processes, in the proposed article the authors try to consider the confrontation between society and the state in the struggle for the dominance of religious ideas against the background of the existing socio-economic and socio-political factors in the conditions of increased national consciousness in the Dagestan society.
NFATc3 is necessary for macrophage iNOS expression during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Lee You-lin , Chung Qiong
Published: November 2020

In the present study, we sought to examine whether inhibition NFATc3, improves cardiac function and reduces heart damage during IR. Hearts of male C57BL/J6 and NFATc3 knockout (KO) mice perfused by Langendorff were subjected to 25 min of global ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion. Cardiac function was monitored throughout the perfusion period. Myocardial damage was extrapolated from LDH activity in the coronary effluent. At the end of reperfusion. Our data show that NFATc3 regulates expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in macrophages stimulated after I/R. In the NFATc3 knockout (KO) mice, left ventricular developed pressure, rate pressure product, contraction and relaxation rates and coronary flow significantly improved following reperfusion compared with C57BL/J6 mice.
Genetic Algorithm Based Storage and Retrieval System Optimization Considering Operational Constraints in a Multidimensional Warehouse
Authors: Yılmaz Hüseyin , Tuncer Adem
Published: November 2020

Efficient use of warehouse resources is an important issue that makes them more manageable and useful, also helps product flow faster. In multidimensional warehouses with many constraints such as weight, volume, product compatibility, etc., storage and retrieval processes are complex optimization problems that need to be solved. Considering the number of constraints, the solution to the storage and retrieval problems with traditional algorithms take a long time. Meta-heuristic algorithms are frequently used in the solution of many complex optimization problems as they can provide acceptable solutions in a short time. In this study, the Genetic algorithm which is one of the popular meta-heuristic methods was used to solve this problem, and the A-star algorithm was used to travel the shortest path between the shelves. A three-dimensional warehouse with operational constraints was designed. Storage and retrieval orders containing a different number of pallets were produced randomly to perform warehouse product flow, and some of these orders were assumed as storage requests and the remainder were retrieval requests. Results show that the proposed approach is capable of finding effective solutions for storage and retrieval problems with operational constraints in a short time.
Unmasking the mask: the role of personal protective equipment for ophthalmologists caring for asymptomatic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fung Adrian T.
Published: November 2020

The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for ophthalmologists caring for asymptomatic patients remains controversial. This commentary reviews the latest emerging evidence. This is paramountly important in shaping health policies in countries which is not currently recommended.
Proteomic analysis of anti-angiogenic effects by conbercept in the mice with oxygen induced retinopathy
Authors: Jin Ji , Liu Gao-Qin , Lu Pei-Rong
Published: November 2020

AIM: To analyze the retinal proteomes with and without conbercept treatments in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and identify proteins involved in the molecular mechanisms mediated by conbercept.
METHODS: OIR was induced in fifty-six C57BL/6J mouse pups and randomly divided into four groups. Group 1: Normal17 (n=7), mice without OIR and treated with normal air. Group 2: OIR12/EXP1 (n=14), mice received 75% oxygen from postnatal day (P) 7 to 12. Group 3: OIR17/Control (n=14), mice received 75% oxygen from P7 to P12 and then normal air to P17. Group 4: Lang17/EXP2 (n=21), mice received 75% oxygen from P7 to P12 with intravitreal injection of 1 µL conbercept at the concentration of 10 mg/mL at P12, and then normal air from P12 to P17. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS data were reviewed to find proteins that were up-regulated after the conbercept treatment. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed of conbercept-mediated changes in proteins involved in single-organism processes, biological regulation, cellular processes, immune responses, metabolic processes, locomotion and multiple-organism processes.
RESULTS: Conbercept induced a reversal of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway as revealed by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and also induced down-regulation of proteins involved in blood coagulation and fibrin clot formation as demonstrated by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and the stimulation of interferon genes studies. These appear to be risk factors of retinal fibrosis. Additional conbercept-specific fibrosis risk factors were also identified and may serve as therapeutic targets for fibrosis.
CONCLUSION: Our studies reveal that many novel proteins are differentially regulated by conbercept. The new insights may warrant a valuable resource for conbercept treatment.
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of retinal ganglion cells injury exposures in long-term blue light
Authors: Guo Ke-Xin , Wang Wei , Zhang Pei , Li Ying , Liu Zi-Yuan , Wang Min-Shu
Published: November 2020

AIM: To investigate the phototoxic effect of long-term excessive narrow-band blue light in staurosporine-induced differentiated retinal ganglion cells-5 (SSRGC-5).
METHODS: SSRGC-5 cells were divided into two groups, blue light group (BL group) and control group. Cell viability was assessed by using CCK-8 assay. Metabolic profile analysis was performed by using Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. Mitochondria ultrastructure were studied via transmission electron microscope (TEM). Mitochondria contents and oxidative stress was evaluated by flow cytometry. Western blotting was performed to monitor the changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway and PI3K/AKT pathway.
RESULTS: Blue light caused morphological changes of SSRGC-5 cells. The cell viability was significantly decreased from 3h in BL group. Intercellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide levels were increased following blue light exposure. Metabolic profiling identified blue light induced SSRGC-5 cells to have severely compromised mitochondrial function. This was accompanied by impaired mitochondrial ultrastructure and remodeling, increased expression of the mitochondrial related proteins, and increased glycolysis as compensation. Moreover, the results showed that blue light induced higher expression of p-p38, p38, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-c-Jun, c-Jun, and p-AKT.
CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that excessive narrow-band blue light induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolic remodeling dysregulate in SSRGC-5 cells. Activated MAPK and AKT signaling pathways are involved in this process.
Comparative study on pharmacokinetics and toxicity of intravitreal and sub-Tenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide in ocular tissues
Authors: Arie Yuko , Suzuki Ayako , Okabe Takeshi , Takashima Mitsuyo , Takata Mayumi , Kurasawa Takashi , Ito Masaki , Arakawa Reijiro , Ogura Yuichiro , Naito Akira
Published: November 2020

AIM: To compare the differences in kinetics, distribution, and toxicity of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) between the injection methods, sub-Tenon and intravitreal injections in rabbit ocular tissues.
METHODS: TA was injected into the vitreous or the sub-Tenon in rabbits. For pharmacokinetic study, rabbits were sacrificed periodically and then TA in blood and ocular tissues (retina/choroids, vitreous, and aqueous humor) were measured over 91d. For toxicological study, clinical signs, slit-lamp microscopic examination, ophthalmological test were performed. The eyeballs and surrounding tissues were collected and fixed with glutaraldehyde-formalin solution, and then paraffin embedded for histological investigation.
RESULTS: Higher levels of TA were distributed in the intraocular tissues when injected into the vitreous compared to the sub-Tenon. Conversely, TA level was remarkably lower in the rabbits which received intravitreal TA injections than those treated with sub-Tenon injection throughout the study period in plasma. Optical discharge probably caused by systemic circulation of TA was observed by receiving sub-Tenon TA injection. Meanwhile, technic-associated toxicological ocular symptoms and findings were more frequently observed in intravitreal injection than in sub-Tenon injection.
CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in kinetics and distribution of TA in vitreous body, aqueous humor and plasma, between the two injection methods. Although further study is needed to explain the species difference between human and rabbit, it is assumed that the difference in the frequency of intraocular pressure elevation and cataract formation by TA between the two injection methods are directly related to the TA concentrations in aqueous humor and vitreous body in each injection methods. Systemic toxicity and technic-associated toxicity are also closely related to kinetics of TA in plasma and each injection method itself, respectively.
Houttuynia cordata Thunb rescues retinal ganglion cells through inhibiting microglia activation in a rat model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Ren Le-Meng
Published: November 2020

AIM: To determine whether Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) can increase the survival of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and inhibit microglia activation following retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury.
METHODS: Rat model of RIR was induced by transient elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP). HCT was orally administered for 2d before the performance of retinal RIR model and once a day for the next 14d. After 14d of RIR injury, the rats were sacrificed for further analysis. Survival RGCs were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Apoptosis of RGCs was detected by TUNEL staining. Retinal function was examined by flash-electroretinography (F-ERG). Retinal microglia were labeled using Iba-1, one specific marker for microglia. The mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) were assessed by quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
RESULTS: Systemic HCT treatment significantly reduced RGCs death by H&E staining and exhibited an anti-apoptotic effect as assessed by TUNEL staining at day 14 after RIR injury. HCT greatly improved the retinal function as examined by F-ERG. The number of activated microglia significantly increased after RIR injury, which was significantly attenuated by HCT treatment. Besides, RIR injury induced a strong upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes TNFα, iNOS and IL-1β mRNAs at day 14 post injury, which was suppressed by HCT.
CONCLUSION: Neuroprotective effects of HCT encourage the survival of RGCs through inhibiting microglia activation due to RIR injury. Together these results support the use of HCT as promising therapy for the ischemic events of the retina diseases.