bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the Reliability of Software Electronic Engineering Tools in the Control of Vestibular Disorders in Inclusive Physical Education of Students
Authors: Blavt Oksana , Iedynak Gennadii , Galamanzhuk Lesia , Helzhynska Tetiana , Nosko Yuliya , Kachurak Yurii , Voloshyn Olena , Shabaga Stepan
Published: November 2024

Background. Due to the increase in the proportion of mine-blast injuries sustained during the Russian-Ukrainian war, the number of students in higher education institutions after blast TBI has risen.
Objectives. The study aimed to determine the reliability of the tool for test control of gait parameters, created based on software electronic engineering for students after blast TBI in inclusive physical education.
Materials and methods. The theoretical stage of the research was realized by analyzing the literature on the studied problem, evaluating and synthesizing information from scientific sources. For the empirical part of the experiment, the Dynamic Gait Index test was used to assess gait parameters, dynamic balance, and fall risk. The test results were processed using the methods of statistical mathematical analysis. The experiment involved 30 students (men) after sustaining an explosive traumatic brain injury.
Results. The study presents the developed tool for testing gait parameters using the Dynamic Gait Index, which is based on the integration of various types of software electronic engineering services. The development uses motion, speed, pressure, and touch sensors. The information about the test exercise, recorded by the sensors, is sequentially transmitted by wireless communication means to the controller (Arduino Leonardo based on the ATmega32u4 microcontroller platform) and then to a PC, where the results are displayed on the monitor in digital and graphical form. The development uses a neural network and the Microsoft OneDrive cloud service to process information, which provides processing and storage of large amounts of test control data. The results of the empirical establishment of the Dynamic Gait Index quality measure, the characteristics of reliability and validity that were recorded by the teacher, are significantly inferior in numerical values to the correlation coefficient obtained by the results of the Dynamic Gait Index when the outcomes were recorded using the developed tool.
Conclusions. The introduction of modern software engineering services into inclusive physical education of students represents a significant step forward in implementing an impartial control mechanisms for restoring damaged gait and balance functions, which have been recognized as a leading factor in disability caused by blast TBI, and contributes to ensuring the effectiveness of this process.
Effects of caffeine supplements on performance of martial athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis v1
Authors: Rybakova Polina , Miroshnikov Alexander , Meshtel Aleksandr , Antonov Alexey
Published: November 2024

Background. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world, with approximately 80% of the world's population consuming caffeine daily. Caffeine is also one of the most widely consumed performance-enhancing substances, due to its well-known ergogenic effects. An umbrella review of systematic reviews by Grgic et al. found that caffeine supplementation improves physical performance across a wide range of tasks, including endurance, muscular strength, and anaerobic power. The purpose of the study is to conduct a systematic search and generalization of randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of caffeine dietary supplements on performance variables of martial artists. Methods. A systematic search of randomized controlled trials in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, Elibrary databases was conducted in accordance with PRISMA, the methodological quality will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. A meta-analysis will be performed using random effects models. Expected results. The review is expected to include 16 RCTs.
Changes in intestinal mucosal barrier function in obese mice v1
Authors: Gao xiaolin , Guan Mingli , Li Qiuju , Jia Ruizhen , Deng Jianjun
Published: November 2024

Introduction Few reports have described changes in other functions of the intestinal mucosal barrier in obese patients worldwide. Objectives To observe the changes in intestinal mucosal barrier function in obese mice. Methods Fifty healthy male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese group and a control group (CON), with 25 mice in each group. Plasma diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate and endotoxin levels were detected via the enzyme-labelled colorimetric method. Characteristics of intestinal flora in faeces were detected via Illumina HiSeq 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The morphological characteristics of the ileal mucosa were observed via optical microscopy. The data were analysed via bioinformatics and statistics. Results The plasma levels of DAO, D-lactate, andendotoxin levels in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the CON group at week 10（P＜0.05）. The plasma DAO, D-lactate, and endotoxin levels in the HFD group were significantly greater than in the CON group (P<0.05). The CON group contained more intestinal microbiota phyla and genera than the HFD group; the differences between the two groups were significant（FDR≤0.05, P≤0.05). The ileal mucosa of the HFD group exhibited more epithelial shedding at the intestinal villus tip, and the intestinal glands were more abundant. Conclusion This study is expected to provide a basic experimental reference for further research on the mechanism, prevention, and treatment of obesity.
Disrupted Sand Flows, Artisanal Fishers, and the Making of Coastal Protection in Southern India
Authors: Schüpf Dennis , Schipper Lisa E. F. , Kuppusami Nithya
Published: November 2024

Flowing parallel to the sea, sand is subject to erosive, accretive, and extractive processes and is intertwined with the socio-ecological dynamics at the land–sea interface. Human interventions, climate change, and societal responses to it are constantly reshaping the morphology of coastal areas and thus disrupting sand flows, for example, through the construction of harbours or groins to prevent erosion. In this article, we ask how disrupted sand flows shape the interaction and social dynamics between different coastal actors in the making of coastal protection. Empirically, we ground our research in the Pondicherry region of southern India, characterised by a sandy morphology and numerous fishing communities. Building on the literature on “geosocialities,” we argue that engaging with the materialities of ocean sand and the social implications of sediment loss for artisanal fishers is crucial to reducing maladaptation. Following sand as a non-human actor unravels the social entanglements with ocean sand that underpin the implementation of protective measures and that shape access to sandy beaches for artisanal fishers. By exploring these contestations, we show how the reclamation of sand through groins is embedded in unequal power relations over shrinking beaches. While migration to other sandy beaches becomes a necessary means of adaptation, this leads to local conflicts over coastal space. We conclude by highlighting the need to understand coastal adaptation as a geophysical and socially intertwined process, in which ocean sand must be critically considered for future adaptation strategies.
Formation model of sound engineers’ communicative competence
Authors: Kachalov Yuriy A.
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the concept of communicative competence of a sound engineer. The importance of communications in the professional activity of a sound engineer is revealed. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the concept of communicative competence are analyzed. The role of the personality-oriented approach in the formation of communicative competence is determined. The paper proposes a model for the formation of communicative competence of future sound engineers on the basis of the personality-oriented approach. The model consists of 4 blocks: aim, methodology, content and evaluation of the results. The blocks clearly distribute the methodological and methodical aspects of achieving the set goal. The components of communicative competence of sound engineers are presented, in accordance with them, teaching methods are selected within the framework of the personality-oriented methodology. At the same time, due to the expansion of subjective experience, the use of self-analysis and empathy, the development of student personality is additionally stimulated. Using the program, the teacher can implement the proposed methods or adapt their own professional and communicative experience within the framework of the formation of a specific component of communicative competence of sound engineers. This makes it possible to approach the improvement of communication skills of students with different levels of communicative competence more flexibly. The principles of implementing the model in the learning process are outlined. The structure of the course «Professional Communications of sound engineers» is compiled. The methods aimed at obtaining and consolidating the basic theoretical information necessary for understanding the work of communication processes in the work of a sound engineer are described. The paper consistently reveals the methodology of forming the functional components of communicative competence by applying personality-oriented teaching methods. The research also analyzes the use of active and interactive teaching methods in the context of personality-oriented methodology. The most important condition for implementing the model for forming the communicative competence of sound engineers is considered: training of teachers to apply the personality-oriented approach.
Topics of Modern Ukrainian blogs (on the Example of the Online Publication «Ukrainian Pravda»)
Authors:   І. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Hnatyshyn Solomiia
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the functioning of the modern Ukrainian blogosphere using the example of the online publication «Ukrainska Pravda». The blogosphere has a significant impact on the information society – politics, culture, education etc. The aim of the article is to determine the thematic focus of popular blogs in «Ukrainska Pravda». Based on the content analysis of the «Ukrainska Pravda» portals and periodicals, the themes of the blogs were identified and the number of publications in «Ukrainska Pravda» by year was established, highlighting coverage of events on the frontline, political confrontations, investigations of high-profile cases of corruption, and international relations. It was found that the largest number of posts in «Ukrainska Pravda» belong to the sections «Politics» – 17,771 posts, and «Society» – 1,974 posts. The article states the creation of a blog system within a single platform. It was revealed that Ukrainian blogs are not a homogeneous group. There are blogs of various political directions that assess the situation in the country in different ways. Some blogs have millions of readers, while others are followed by only a few hundred people. Audience interest in blogs with diverse topics through the lens of military actions can be noted. Blogs serve as a certain indicator of emotions, social moods, social identity, online behavior and opinion formation in society. Analyzing their themes allows monitoring changes in public opinion and identifying new trends. Blogs, which has challenged traditional media, offer alternative sources of information and platforms for personal expression. In the system of social communications, considering the mass nature of blogs, a low level of informational culture and objectivity in the information spread in Ukrainian blogs is noted along with the information opposition with the aggressor country.

Therefore, analytical evaluation of the problem, the use of content analysis and modern comparative studies are necessary. The article also highlights the contradiction between blog headlines and their content.
KUR’AN’A GÖRE KADER VE ÖZGÜRLÜK İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: Turan Maşallah
Published: November 2024

İnsan zihnini en çok meşgul eden konulardan bir tanesi de kader ve özgürlük olgularının birbirine zıt olup olmadıkları meselesidir. Bu sadece günümüzde tartışılan bir konu değildir. Geçmişte de aynı konu enine boyuna tartışılmıştır. Konu hakkında kafa yoranların bir kısmı insanın her alanda özgür olduğu neticesine varırken, bir kısmı ise bireyin bir zorunluluk altında eylemlerini yaptığı görüşüne sahip olmuşlardır. Kimi düşünürler de konu hakkında orta bir yol geliştirme çabası içine girmişlerdir. Görünen o ki aynı konu gerek günümüzde gerekse gelecekte etraflı bir şekilde farklı boyutlarıyla tartışma konusu olmaya devam edecektir. Bizim bu çalışmadaki amacımız, İslam dininin birinci kaynağı olan Kur’an ayetleri bağlamında, kader ile özgürlük ilişkisini ifrat ve tefrite düşmeden itidal düzlemde ele alıp daha ikna edici bir sonuca varmaya çalışmaktır. Geçmişte de böyle bir çaba sergileyen düşünürlerin mutedil bir düzlemde kalabilme adına hangi argümanları geliştirdiklerini hatırlatıp değerlendirmektir. Çalışma yapılırken, nitel yöntemle beraber doküman analizi yöntemi kullanıldı. Bu bağlamda öncelikli olarak kader ve özgürlük anlayışlarının İslam düşünce tarihindeki seyri ele alındı. Akabinde kader hakkında bilgiler verilerek Kur’an’da kaderin nasıl bir yer tuttuğuna değinildi. Sonrasında kader ve özgürlük olgularının Kur’an açısından nasıl bir kategoride ele alınması gerektiği üzerinde duruldu. Sonuç olarak insanın sorguya çekileceği alanda iradesiyle hareket edip özgür olduğu, kendisine seçim hakkının verilmediği alanda kadere tabi olduğu, bazı durumlarda ise bir yönüyle kadere teslim olurken bir yönüyle de özgürce hareket edebildiği tespit ve tahliller neticesinde görülmüş oldu.
No todos los caminos conducen a Roma. El concordato imposible entre la Argentina y la Santa Sede (1810-1860)
Authors: Di Stefano Roberto
Published: November 2024

En materia religiosa Argentina presenta singularidades dentro del contexto latinoamericano. Lo revela el hecho de que, a diferencia de los demás países de la región y con la sola excepción de Costa Rica, nunca separó la Iglesia Católica y el Estado. Por otro lado, y en este caso a diferencia de Costa Rica, tampoco firmó nunca un concordato con la Santa Sede. Ello no le impidió, sin embargo, ser la cuna del primer papa nacido en el “Nuevo Mundo”. El presente artículo intenta explicar que las razones de esa aparente paradoja fueron las condiciones en que se desarrolló la vida eclesiástica en el primer medio siglo de vida independiente, el modo en que el liberalismo argentino se relacionó con la religión heredada y el celo con que defendió, a la vez, el patronato nacional y la libertad de cultos.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 22/04/2024
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 3/05/2024
Otra vuelta a Campomanes: su influencia en el Constitucionalismo moderno
Authors: Friera Alvarez Marta
Published: November 2024

Campomanes (Asturias, 1723- Madrid, 1802) ha sido estudiado por la historiografía jurídica como ilustrado, reformista, regalista y servidor de la Monarquía hispánica; en este trabajo se propone un acercamiento a su influencia en la configuración del constitucionalismo moderno de corte histórico, que le es el propio, y en los primeros liberales herederos, en parte, de esta. Se aborda particularmente su relevancia en la formación de la cultura constitucional en la Ilustración y Liberalismo en su provincia natal, el Principado de Asturias. 
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 12/03/2024
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 19/04/2024
Libre y absuelta de toda obediencia: la Iglesia Católica en el Paraguay (1813-1842)
Authors: Caballero Campos Herib
Published: November 2024

La Iglesia Católica en Paraguay cortó sus relaciones con Roma como consecuencia de la Revolución de Independencia. El obispo Pedro García Panés fue suspendido por el dictador José Gaspar de Francia, quien designó un Provisor Eclesiástico para ejercer la administración de la diócesis durante varias décadas. Este artículo revisa el proceso de sustitución del Patronato Real por el Patronato Republicano desde la proclamación de la República hasta el restablecimiento de las relaciones con la Santa Sede y las medidas adoptadas para asegurar la lealtad de los sacerdotes al nuevo orden político.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 06/03/2024
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 23/04/2024
Ordenamiento y régimen penitenciario durante el primer bienio de la Segunda República (1931-1933)
Authors: Ramos Vázquez Isabel
Published: November 2024

Desde la metodología histórico-jurídica, este trabajo analiza el ordenamiento jurídico y las instituciones penitenciarias durante el primer gobierno de la Segunda República (1931-1933), comprendiendo la adscripción administrativa del ramo penitenciario y sus principales instituciones de gobierno central, el personal del cuerpo de prisiones y su formación, la clasificación de los establecimientos penitenciarios, el concreto sistema penitenciario aplicado a los reclusos, y el régimen de funcionamiento interno de las prisiones.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 23/03/2024
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 2/05/2024
Cem anos de negação: um olhar diacrônico sobre a doutrina estadunidense denominada de Suspect Classification (1868-1968)
Authors: Reckziegel Weschenfelder Lucas
Published: November 2024

Realiza-se uma abordagem diacrônica sobre a doutrina constitucional estadunidense denominada de Suspect Classification, em seu centenário desenvolvimento, entre os anos de 1868 e 1968. Baliza-se suas nuances sociais, políticas e jurídicas, com casos centrais, julgados na Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos, referentes ao posto normativo da 14ª Emenda. Coloca-se que, há, em tais elucidações dogmático-constitucionais, um processo ambíguo, restritivo, e, simultaneamente, com uma linguagem neutralizadora do pano de fundo social que subjaz à própria concepção teleológica da Suspect Classification. Conclui-se que, tal ambiguidade perpetua-se no tempo, inclusive manifestando-se no recente caso Students for Fair Admission, INC. v. President and fellows of Harvard College e outros, definido em 2023.
Antioxidant effects of 2-ethylthiobenzimidazole and a complex of succinic acid salts in rats pre-trained to hypoxia with acute oxygen starvation
Authors: Kozhurin Mikhail V. , Zarubina Irina V. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The body’s response to hypoxia is largely determined by individual sensitivity to it. It has been shown that subjects with high resistance to hypoxia (humans and animals) are less susceptible to the damaging effects of hypoxia on the brain, myocardium, liver, and kidneys.
AIM: The experimental study of the antioxidant effects (indicators of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant systems in the brain) of 2-ethylthiobenzimidazole and a complex of succinic acid salts (amosuccinate) and their combination to increase individual brain resistance to hypoxia during interval hypoxic hypobaric training in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acute hypoxic hypobaric hypoxia was induced in a flow pressure chamber. Rats were divided according to their resistance to acute hypoxia, raising them in a pressure chamber to a height of 11,000 m at a speed of 50 m/s and exposing them at altitude until agonal breathing occurred. Rats that were exposed to hypoxia for 5–10 minutes were considered low-resistant, and those exposed to hypoxia for more than 10 minutes were considered highly resistant. The interval hypoxic training regimen was 3 days. A one-day training cycle consisted of raising rats 6 times at a speed of 15 m/s to an altitude of 5000 m and exposing them to the height for 30 min. The interval between lifts is 20 minutes. The work used the synthetic adaptogen 2-ethylthiobenzimidazole hydrobromide (metaprot) 25 mg/kg and a complex of succinic acid salts (amosuccinate) 50 mg/kg, which were administered intraperitoneally for 3 days immediately after the end of a one-day training cycle. The control group consisted of trained and untrained rats that received saline. In the brain, the content of lipid peroxidation products (diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde) was determined and the state of antioxidant systems was assessed (the content of reduced glutathione, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase).
RESULTS: Acute hypoxia caused excessive lipid peroxidation and decreased activity of antioxidant systems. Metaprot and amosuccinate in combination with hypoxic training prevented lipid peroxidation in the brain of rats. The content of diene conjugates in the brain of rats decreased by 12–26%, malonic dialdehyde by 13–58%. The drugs increased the content of reduced glutathione by 42–76%, catalase by 1.5 times, and superoxide dismutase by 1.5–2.2 times. The effect of the combined use of metaprot with amosuccinate was greater than that of the drugs alone.
CONCLUSIONS: The combination of high-altitude training with the use of synthetic alaptogens (metaprote and amosuccinate) increases the adaptive capabilities of the brain, which is confirmed by both an increase in survival time at altitude and a decrease in excessive lipid peroxidation and restoration of antioxidant systems.
Locus of Control Mediates The Impact of Financial Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experience on Financial Behavior
Authors: Santoso Rahmat Agus , Vilantika Elok , Soelistya Djoko , Liu Yaoping
Published: November 2024

Research aims: This study aims to examine the effect of financial knowledge, attitudes, and experience on financial behavior, with locus of control serving as a mediating factor.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs a deductive research design with a causal-associative approach, targeting traditional market traders in the Gresik Regency area. A total of 100 respondents were sampled. The main data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS).Research findings: The study findings reveal that financial knowledge, attitudes, and experience positively influence locus of control. However, financial knowledge has a negative effect on financial behavior, while financial attitudes, experience, and locus of control have a positive effect. Notably, locus of control successfully mediates the positive relationship between financial knowledge, attitudes, experience, and financial behavior.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This research uniquely expands the financial literacy model by incorporating the variable of financial experience. Practitioners/Policy Implications: The study findings are expected to serve as a reference model for the development and mentorship of small and medium enterprises in the Gresik district. Practitioners/Policy Implications: The findings are anticipated to serve as a reference model for the development and mentorship of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Gresik district.
Translating and validating the modified checklist for autism in toddlers (M-CHAT-R/F) into Malayalam for effective utilization of it in the clinical setting
Authors: Bhaskaran Deepa , George Babu , L. Leena M. , Mahendran Preema , T. Neethu , L. Prasanna G. , R. Resmi V. , S. Remadevi
Published: November 2024

Background: Early intervention strategies significantly improve developmental outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorders. In this background, this study was conducted to translate and validate Malayalam version of Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT-R/F).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four steps. The original version of MCHAT-R/F was translated into Malayalam, and back translated by bilingual experts followed by pilot testing. Finally, the translated tool was administered to 100 children for evaluation of psychometric properties which included reliability and validity assessment. The statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS version 25.
Results: The internal consistency of the items as per parent confirmed stage of screening and flow chart interview stage of screening was 0.539 and 0.731 respectively. The level of agreement in categorizing the children according to the risk of ASD by two raters during first and second screening stage was 0.647 and 0.432 respectively. The test-retest reliability analysis showed that all the items had a moderate level of agreement between test and retest. All the items had an I-CVI more than 0.90. There was strong positive correlation between the score obtained during first stage (r: 0.562) and second stage (r: 0.529) with CARS score which indicates high convergent validity.
Conclusions: The newly translated tool with high reliability and validity could enable in screening symptoms of autism among children belonging to lower age group, which would facilitate in providing appropriate intervention as early as possible.
Overcoming critical aortic stenosis: a rare case report on successful balloon valvotomy at 16 hours of life
Authors: Kumble Ali , Phadke Abhishek K. , Raikar Poonam , Jacob Manju
Published: November 2024

Congenital aortic stenosis is a significant cardiac malformation, comprising 5% of cardiac disorders in childhood, and is more prevalent in males. The most common type is bicuspid aortic valve and the stenosis can lead to a mortality rate of 40-50% if left untreated. Initial presentations often require urgent hemodynamic, respiratory, and metabolic resuscitation. Effective management aims to maintain systemic blood flow, typically through balloon dilation or surgical valvotomy. In this case, we present a neonate born to a 39-year-old G6P5L5 mother via normal vaginal delivery, with a birth weight of 2.7 kg. Although the mother had no antenatal risk factors, an anomaly scan revealed aortic stenosis with left ventricular hypertrophy. The infant cried immediately after birth, but an ejection systolic murmur was detected in the right second and third intercostal spaces on auscultation. Postnatal echocardiography confirmed severe aortic stenosis, significant left ventricular systolic dysfunction, mild to moderate mitral regurgitation. At 16 hours of life, the neonate underwent successful percutaneous balloon aortic valvotomy via right femoral access, leading to improved hemodynamics. The infant was discharged on day 5 and is now thriving at one year of age on anti-failure medications. This case underscores the vital role of early detection and intervention in congenital heart disease. Timely management significantly improves outcomes and mitigates the risks associated with congenital aortic stenosis. The integration of prenatal screening and immediate postnatal evaluation is crucial for optimizing care in affected infants, highlighting advancements in paediatric cardiology that enhance prognoses for these conditions.
A case report of aggressive angiomyxoma of vulva: first appearance deceives many
Authors: Singh Anju , Kumari Rajesh , Deoghare Manasi , Agrawal Mohini , Mathur Sandeep , Sharma J. B. , Bhatla Neerja
Published: November 2024

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) of the vulva is a rare, benign tumour of mesenchymal origin. It has marked tendency for local recurrence but rarely metastasize. We report a case of 35-years old, nulliparous women presented with bilateral, large vulval masses. Local examination revealed approximately 20×20 cm mass arising from right labia majora, nodular, firm, non-tender with overlying skin intact. Left vulval mass was approximately 15×10 cm arising from labia minora, nodular, firm, non-tender. Inguinal lymph nodes were not palpable. After thorough evaluation, she underwent excision of bilateral vulval masses with reconstruction. Histopathology revealed tumour composed of ovoid to spindle-shaped cells in a fibrous and myxomatous stroma with loosely interspersed collagen fibres suggestive of aggressive angiomyxoma. On immunohistochemistry, the tumour cells were focally positive for smooth muscle actin and desmin. Stains for acid-fast bacilli and fungus did not reveal any organisms. Her postoperative period was uneventful with good recovery. She is on follow up and no recurrence has been seen so far in follow-up period of 15 months. AA should be kept in mind as one of the differential diagnoses in evaluation of large vulval masses. Keeping this rare entity in mind and relevant investigations may help in reducing the misdiagnosis and avoiding any mutilating surgery. Multidisciplinary approach can be crucial in management of such cases.
Reading Madness in the Archive: Shakespeare's Unread "Letters"
Authors: Burt Richard
Published: November 2024

Materialist Shakespeare criticism focusing on writing practices and utensils has tended to shelve the task of reading, abandoning philology and questions of textual corruption while reducing the temporality of objects to the spatial textual metaphor of the palimpsest. In response, Burt calls for a return to philology as a "textual fauxrensics," with close attention to what Derrida calls the "spectral structure of the archive." Some of Shakespeare's plays' letters go unread, moments frequently attached to madness that demand a different reading or a recording, a setting down. Examples of unread letters are to be found in scenes in Twelfth Night, Macbeth, Hamlet, Henry V, Titus Andronicus, and Julius Caesar. Shakespeare's unread letters put critical pressure on the ordinary understanding of letters, as if forcing the word into scare quotes — "letters" — letters meaning both messages with material supports and alphabetic letters. These letters also put critical pressure on what we mean by "reading," since some of these "letters" go unread, although not literally so. Burt discusses unread letters as multi-media archival effects — not as open and shut letters (enveloped, addressed, and posted significations), but as open and "cut" letters, taking the blurring between alphabetic letters and the material supports of letters as text messages. The material supports include not only paper, but also the mutilated body and even the wounded corpse, both in need of reading. Scenes of reading letters in The Two Gentlemen of Verona and Romeo and Juliet call up deconstruction's ghosts, leaving open whether letters (Derrida) or language (De Man) has priority over the other.
The Concord of This Discord: Adapting the Late Romances for the Ballet Stage
Authors: Klett Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

This essay engages with Alan Brissenden's claim that Shakespeare uses dance as a metaphor in his last plays to indicate a complex interplay between concord and discord, virtue and vengeance. While Brissenden deliberately does not address the ways in which this interplay might have been embodied through movement on the early modern stage, this essay analyzes two recent ballet versions of The Tempest (American Ballet Theatre, 2013) and The Winter's Tale (Royal Ballet, 2014) to demonstrate how choreographers can realize this dramatic conjunction through dance. Choreographers Alexei Ratmansky and Christopher Wheeldon emphasize the destructive anger of Prospero and Leontes, and both ballets end on notes of sadness, longing, and loss. Yet each also incorporates harmony and hope, primarily through the redemptive relationships between the young lovers.
Global Shakespeares in World Markets and Archives: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Alice Joubin Alexa
Published: November 2024

Shakespeare is a local force to be reckoned with in the global marketplace and in digital and analog archives of collective memory. With the 450th anniversary of Shakespeare's birth in 2014 and quatercentenary in 2016, there are several high-profile instances of global Shakespeare being tapped for its market value. The exchange value of Shakespeare is reflected in uses of Shakespearean themes and artifacts in appropriations, cultural diplomacy, and venues where nation states project soft power. There are no world markets without the proliferation of archives built on collective cultural memory. Conversely, there would be no archives without the cultural marketplace to validate that Shakespearean artifacts are archive-worthy in the first place.
Introduction: Dancing (With) Shakespeare
Authors: Klett Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

The Introduction to this special issue on "Appropriation in Performance: Shakespeare and Dance" articulates the theoretical foundation and contribution to the study of both topics — Shakespeare and dance — and summarizes the essays' arguments and critical relation to one another.
Race, Post-Race, Shakespeare, and South Africa
Authors: Seeff Adele
Published: November 2024

In a newly democratic South Africa, the South African Broadcasting Company commissioned updated re-tellings of Shakespeares plays using local settings, vernacular languages, and black actors. They sought local programming that could be projected into a global entertainment market. These stories would help heal a nation's trauma and provide a broader representation of black South African scriptwriters, directors, and actors speaking African vernacular. I focus largely on two re-versionings of Macbeth (a King Lear and a Romeo and Juliet were also produced) to argue that these made-for-television appropriations are reclamation projects. Each employs different filmic and rhetorical strategies to represent a utopian post-racial world using the once imperial icon, Shakespeare, as a point of access to global audiences. Thoroughly exploiting Shakespeare's cultural capital, these programs show us that "African" indigeneity and identity are shifting and fluid, and infused with desire; that discourse(s) can be democratized but that hierarchies persist; and that strategies of identity formation remain hostage to apartheid's continuing afterlife. These Africanized re-versionings surrogate Shakespeare's text to dramatize and experiment with linguistic, national, and gender identities.
Four Quadrant Operation of Induction Motor Using H-Bridge in Harsh and Noxious Environment Field with Dust, Voltage Fluctuation and Major Load Variations
Authors: Patil Ganesh , Mishra Ekta , Maniyar Kamalkishor , Warke Pushparaj
Published: November 2024

The investigation and findings show that the H Bridge variable frequency drive is the optimum choice for resolving intrinsic motor problems and energy conservation. Variable frequency drives outperform other strategies like soft starters because they offer numerous benefits over other techniques, including greater versatility and control over the motor's starting and stopping capabilities. Dynamic torque control, overload protection, and power reduction during idle are other essential aspects of variable frequency drives. Conserving energy to the greatest extent possible is one strategy to avoid energy shortages. It has been reported that 75% of the electrical energy generated globally is used by motors. It has been noted that the main problem with motors is that they use a lot of current to start. As a result, high inrush current produces excessive heat, reducing the lifespan of electrical equipment and using more electricity. Reducing the initial inrush current to a manageable level is advised. By using an induction motor and the H Bridge, this current can be decreased. H Bridge uses a technique known as variable speed drive, which is often referred to as variable torque drive, to control the speed and torque of AC induction motors. Pulse width modulation is used to monitor the motor's voltage and torque in this occurrence. Although there are several methods to reduce the motor's current, such as by employing soft starts, variable torque drives are more advantageous. The strong starting torque and flexible speed control of DC motors make them useful in a range of applications. However, because of the cost and commutation, there are a few significant problems. As a result, the PWM-powered H bridge inverter extends the life of machinery and provides electricity to electrical appliances in response to demand. The fact that it is an energy-saving gadget, however, is by far its greatest advantage. This is especially important in a country like India, where the energy crisis has halted economic growth.
Incidence and predictors of delirium among the intensive care unit patients at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Habtamu Asaminew , Mezgebu Taye , Workina Abdata , Lemma Bulcha , Tolessa Feyissa , Getahun Edmialem , Wondimagegn Adebabay , Kelbessa Achalu , Abebe Fikadu
Published: November 2024

Objective: Delirium is characterized by impaired attention and awareness, accompanied by cognitive deficits. It develops rapidly and poses a considerable burden on healthcare systems. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are particularly vulnerable to developing delirium. This study aims to determine the incidence and predictors of delirium among ICU patients at Jimma Medical Center in southwest Ethiopia in 2023.
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 Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on 403 patients aged≥18 years admitted to emergency, surgical, and medical ICUs at Jimma Medical Center in southwest Ethiopia. Patients were assessed twice daily for delirium using the Richmond agitation sedation scale (RASS) and confusion assessment method (CAM). The association between independent variables and delirium incidence was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression. A univariate Cox PH model screened variables at a 0.25 significance level, followed by a multivariable Cox PH model for significant variables. Variables with a P-value≤0.05 were considered significantly associated with delirium incidence among ICU patients.
Results: The findings of this study revealed that the overall occurrence of delirium among critically ill ICU patients was 118 (29.3%) (95% CI: 25%,34%), and the rest, 70.7% of the participants, were censored (95% CI: 66,75). The incidence rate of delirium among intensive care unit patients was 21.2 (95% CI: 17.8,25.4) per 1000 person-days of observation. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AHR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.23,3.56), stroke (AHR: 1.8; 95%CI: 1.98,3.73), Oxygen Saturation less than 90% (AHR:1.61; 95% CI: 1.11,2.34) and Obesity (AHR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.13,0.84) were independent predictors of delirium among ICU patients.
 conclusion: This study found that, with an incidence rate of 21.2 occurrences per 1000 person-days of observation, delirium greatly affects the outcome of intensive care unit patients in the Jimma Medical Center. The study identifies several factors that independently predict the occurrence of delirium in ICU patients, including obesity, stroke, low oxygen saturation levels, and COPD. Interestingly, our findings suggest that admission for heart failure may have a protective effect against delirium. Therefore, health professionals ought to give special attention to patients with identified predictors.
Comparison of intranasal versus intravenous dexmedetomidine in postoperative pain control in traumatic mandibular fractures surgery: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pourlak Tannaz , Dehdilani Marjan
Published: November 2024

Objective: Effective pain management in mandibular fractures is crucial due to the complications associated with opioids, such as respiratory depression and re-intubation. Non-opioid methods are therefore important. This study aims to compare the effectiveness, safety, and efficiency of intranasal (IN) versus intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine (Dex) for reducing acute pain following mandibular surgery.
Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. All patients underwent general anesthesia, laryngoscopy, and intubation in a standardized manner. For the IN administration group, Dex was prescribed at a dose of 0.2 µ/kg (in the form of drops) half an hour before the start of anesthesia. For the IV administration group, Dex was administered at a dose of 0.5 µ/kg intravenously over ten minutes, half an hour before anesthesia. During the first 24 hours after surgery, pain intensity and the total amount of opioid medication (measured in mg of pethidine) were recorded for each patient.
Results: There was no significant difference in pain intensity between the two groups in the post-anesthesia care unit (P=0.898), one hour (P=0.052) and 24 hours post-surgery (P=0.898). However, pain intensity was significantly lower in the IN Dex group at the second (P=0.044), fourth (P=0.041), sixth (P=0.048), and twelfth (P=0.025) hours. Total pethidine injected in the IN Dex group was significantly lower than in the IV Dex group (P=0.041).
Conclusion: This study underscores the efficacy of IN Dex as a viable alternative for postoperative pain management in traumatic mandibular fracture surgeries
A 67-year-old man with cardiac air tamponade: a case report
Authors: Mirbagheri Somayeh , Afzalimoghaddam Mohammad , Edalatifard Maryam , Mirfazaelian Hadi
Published: November 2024

Pneumopericardium is a rare entity, primarily described as a result of causes such as penetrating/blunt trauma and procedures, aspergillosis, and diaphragmatic hernia. Malignancy history has also emerged as a new cause. A 67-year-old man with a history of active cancer presented to the emergency department with the chief complaint of shortness of breath and hemoptysis. He had low blood pressure and tachycardia along with hypoxia. The thoracic computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed a right pulmonary mass, central necrosis, and anterior pneumopericardium and gas adjacent to the right pericardial border.Patients with small, stable, asymptomatic pneumopericardium may be treated conservatively with close monitoring to prevent escalation to cardiac tamponade. Prompt decompression is advised if there are progressive symptoms, a concurrent pneumothorax, or cardiac tamponade.
Utilizing design thinking in the administration of emergency departments
Authors: Aqavil-Jahromi Saeed
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Sclerorhachis Leptoclada Rech. F. Leaf Extract: Characterization and Investigation of Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Shafaie Ebrahim , Salehi Zahra , Eghbali Samira
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The environmentally friendly method of green nanoparticle production has garnered significant interest because of its cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation. In this study, in addition to the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the leaf extract of the Sclerorhachis leptoclada Rech. f. (SLL@AgNPs) and the morphological study of the SLL@AgNPs, the antibacterial properties of the SLL@AgNPs were compared with the extract of the S. leptoclada plant and silver nanoparticles alone.
Methods: In this experimental investigation, the features of SLL@AgNPs synthesized via a green method were analyzed using various techniques, including spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ultimately, the antibacterial properties were assessed through the broth micro-dilution method.
Results: DLS and zeta potential showed the formation of SLL@AgNPs with a hydrodynamic diameter of 130 nm and a surface charge of -38.82 mV, respectively. XRD and TEM analysis also confirmed the formation of pure silver nanoparticles with spherical and elliptical morphology with an average diameter of 20-30. The SLL@AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.039, 0.078, 0.039, 0.078, and 0.31 mg/ml, respectively. These findings indicate that SLL@AgNPs significantly enhanced the antibacterial properties of the S. leptoclada plant.
Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, S. leptoclada plant extract significantly increased the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles. This research demonstrated the potential of environmentally friendly silver nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of S. leptoclada extract with significant antibacterial effects for various biomedical applications.
Burnout among Medical Assistants at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Rahavian Amirhossein , Abedinzadeh Mehdi , Hoseini Seyed Masoud , Aminirad Omid , Shafaghat Tahereh , Firouzabadi Danial Dehghani
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Professional burnout is a state of mental exhaustion and it is a passive reaction caused by chronic occupational stress that is not properly managed. Physician burnout is more prevalent than in the general population, particularly among residents. The aim of this study is to investigate burnout among the residents of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 214 residents of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, in 2022-2023 based on the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire. Residents were categorized into no, moderate and severe burnout groups using rates of 33% and 66%. Residents’ career choices, including their decision to enter the medical field and choose a specialty, as well as their priorities were also surveyed.
Results: A total of 151 residents participated in this study (70.5%) with the mean age of 31.91±5.02 years. The mean burnout score was 51.25±26.97. Professional burnout did not differ significantly by gender, marital status, having children, type of specialty (surgical or non-surgical), or residency level. Burnout was highest in pediatrics, orthopedics and cardiology, and lowest in emergency medicine, infectious diseases and ophthalmology. This difference was significant between the disciplines (P-value=0.003). The most important unmet needs cited by residents were a suitable fellowship (77.5%) and fewer working hours (76.8%). 63 residents regretted their choice of medicine (41.7%) and 38 (25.2%) regretted their choice of specialty. There was no significant association between age and professional burnout (P-value=0.057).
Conclusion: More than half of the residents suffer from moderate professional burnout. It is recommended to improve the conditions for residents, to conduct more studies with details and to evaluate this topic regularly.
INTEGRAÇÃO INTERDISCIPLINAR EM SAÚDE: UMA ANÁLISE DAS EXPERIÊNCIAS ENTRE MEDICINA E ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Nuevo Gatti Márcia Aparecida , Grandis Gatti Neto Gabriel , Umetsu Yaginuma Letícia , Henrique Silva Rafael , Mainardes Nardy Júlia Cristina , Ferrari Dias Danilo Augusto , Ribeiro Razera Ana Paula , Altino Rita de Cássia
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer o significado da interdisciplinaridade, seu histórico, suas relações com a saúde e sua integração com as áreas de medicina e enfermagem. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura baseada na questão norteadora “Como a educação interdisciplinar e o incentivo à cooperação entre as áreas de medicina e enfermagem podem influenciar na qualidade da atenção e na prática clínica durante e após suas formações?”. Utilizou-se a estratégia PICO e critério de inclusão somente publicações em periódicos, disponível online, idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, no período entre 2019 e 2024. Resultados: A amostra resultou em cinco artigos. A análise de conteúdo desvelou duas categorias relacionadas a interdisciplinaridade: comunicação enfermeiro-médico e qualidade da assistência à saúde. Conclusão: A interdisciplinaridade em saúde desempenha um papel fundamental na formação de estudantes de medicina e enfermagem. Ela promove a colaboração eficaz, o desenvolvimento de habilidades interpessoais e uma compreensão mais profunda das necessidades dos pacientes.
Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinaridade, Relações Médico-Enfermeiro, Educação Interprofissional, Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde.