bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laboratory Experiments in Marketing: The Experimenter Effect
Authors: Venkatesan M.
Published: November 2018

Research findings in the experimental social psychology area indicate the phenomenon of the experimenter effect. Major research findings are reviewed, and implications for laboratory experiments in marketing are considered. Some measures are also suggested to reduce experimenter bias.
Correlates of Grocery Product Consumption Rates
Authors: Frank Ronald E. , Massy William F. , Boyd Harper W.
Published: November 2018

Media strategies aimed at penetrating the heavy half are frequently based on matching socioeconomic and demographic profiles of the media under consideration to those believed representative of the target group. This assumes that socioeconomic and demographic variables are correlated with product consumption. The authors evaluate the validity of this assumption by analyzing the relationship between socioeconomic-demographic variables and consumption for each of 57 grocery products.
Handling the Neutral Vote in Paired Comparison Product Testing
Authors: Odesky Stanford H.
Published: November 2018

The number of “no preference” responses in a paired comparison test can definitely be influenced by the wording of the question. More important, allocation of such responses among the total test score can have serious effects. This article suggests a method for handling the neutral vote.
Tape Recording: Its Effect on Accuracy of Response in Survey Interviews
Authors: Belson William A.
Published: November 2018

This article reports a study of the effects on the accuracy of survey data of tape recording an interview. Empirically matched samples were used each with a standard questionnaire, but for one of them a tape recorder was also used. The questions asked concerned newspaper readership, and data were available from another source for validating the replies. For the sample as a whole, there was no loss in accuracy because of tape recording. However, this masks reduced accuracy for the upper social groupings and increased accuracy for the lower.
A Practical Procedure for Media Selection
Authors: Brown Douglas B.
Published: November 2018

The principle of incremental analysis as applied to media selection problems is examined by illustrating some magazine-selection problems. Although these examples are simple, the method can be extended to handle more complex problems. Incremental analysis can be applied to both print and broadcast media campaigns, but it is most suitable for scheduling print advertising.
Influence of Product Preference on Dissonance Reduction
Authors: Losciuto Leonard A. , Perloff Robert
Published: November 2018

As predicted by cognitive dissonance theory, people choosing between desirable products subsequently rated the chosen product as more desirable and the unchosen as less desirable. They had also greater retention of written material about the chosen alternative; though this trend was not statistically significant.
Random Sums of Random Variables as Economic Processes: Sales
Authors: Benishay Haskel
Published: November 2018

The cumulation of a sum of N observations from a distribution of Y where N and Y are linearly related random variables may serve as a model for the description of sales, insurance payments, changes in stock prices and other economic processes. The expectation and variance of such a sum and other results are presented with an empirical example. This model may prove useful for description of various flow magnitudes per interval of time that are, in turn, random cumulations of random outcomes.
Perception of Self, Generalized Stereotypes, and Brand Selection
Authors: Grubb Edward L. , Hupp Gregg
Published: November 2018

This study was designed to test a methodology for measurement of self-concept and consumer behavior in comparable terms and, therefore, to further substantiate the relationship of self-theory to consumer behavior. The results from this limited study were positive, indicating that consumers of a specific brand of automobiles perceive themselves with self-concepts similar to others who consume that brand and significantly different from owners of a competing brand.
The Influencing Role of the Child in Family Decision Making
Authors: Berey Lewis A. , Pollay Richard W.
Published: November 2018

The role of the child as an influencer of consumer decisions was investigated by studying the interaction between mother and child. Purchase behavior by the mother of a child's preferred packaged cereals was related to the child's assertiveness and the mother's child-centeredness.
Use of Consumer Panels for Brand-Share Prediction
Authors: Parfitt J. H. , Collins B. J. K.
Published: November 2018

This article describes a method of predicting the market share for newly launched brands and the future equilibrium share of established brands after major promotional activity. The method is dependent on the continuous purchasing data obtainable from consumer panels and is developed from numerous case histories from the Attwood Consumer Panel in Great Britain to illustrate the use of the technique and its refinements.
Computer Programs for the Analysis of Consumer Panel Data
Authors: Frank Ronald E. , Massy William F.
Published: November 2018

The data generated by continuous consumer panels represents a large “mine” of information for analyzing customer behavior regarding frequently purchased food and household products. Despite the value of this information, little has been done to make it accessible. Aware of this difficulty, the authors describe a system of computer programs for the IBM 7090; this greatly facilitates the process required to convert the raw data into a useful form. The resulting time series and cross-sectional summary measures are applicable to a wide range of marketing problems. The programming system is flexible enough to generate many additional measures with relatively minor modification.
Job Attitudes and Sales Performance of Major Appliance Salesmen
Authors: Cotham James C.
Published: November 2018

The notion that satisfied salesmen are better salesmen has long been a basic principle of sales management. Few attempts have been made to verify the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance in personal selling situations. This study explores these relationships in a retail chain.
A Quantitative Approach to Magazine Advertisement Format Selection
Authors: Diamond Daniel S.
Published: November 2018

Based on the propositions that the attention-getting power of an ad is measured by its readership and that readership is the effect of the ad format, this article uses six advertisement readership models constructed by multiple-regression analysis on 1,070 Life ads and describes a computer program that selects the advertisement format that maximizes a readership objective function.
The Theory of Stochastic Preference and Brand Switching
Authors: Bass Frank M.
Published: November 2018

Strong evidence will be introduced which suggests that brand choice behavior is substantially stochastic. A general theory of stochastic preference is presented and tested. Brand switching data are shown to be in substantial agreement with the theory.
An Exploratory Analysis of the Nature and Extent of Individual Differences in Perception
Authors: Ritchie J. R. Brent
Published: November 2018

Consumer perceptions of 12 leisure activities were examined to determine the extent of individual differences. The perceptual variation among respondents was substantially greater than expected by chance. Cluster analysis was used to classify the nature of the observed perceptual differences.
Trade-Off Analysis of Consumer Values
Authors: Johnson Richard M.
Published: November 2018

A method for exploring and quantifying the value systems of consumers through conjoint measurement is described. Since it is concerned with value systems of individual consumers, the method is most appropriate for product categories where consumers’ desires are heterogeneous and where markets are highly segmented.
Multivariate Analysis of Variance in Research on the Effectiveness of TV Commercials
Authors: Wind Yoram , Denny Joseph
Published: November 2018

Most current commercial testing procedures determine the effectiveness of a given commercial based on its performance on a single criterion. This article suggests (1) the need for measuring advertising effectiveness on a number of relevant criteria, and (2) a methodology for implementing this approach.
An Analysis of Competitive Market Behavior
Authors: Houston Franklin S. , Weiss Doyle L.
Published: November 2018

This article reports the findings of an empirical investigation into the movement of competitive market share. Palda's cumulative advertising model is adapted to include a price variable, and the analysis is extended to a multibrand market. The statistical methodology employed in the investigation overtly recognizes the competitive interdependence of the brands studied and exploits this interdependence in its estimation procedures.
An Exploratory Assessment of Situational Effects in Buyer Behavior
Authors: Belk Russell W.
Published: November 2018

Circumstances, contexts, or situations are often cited but rarely examined as explanations for unpredicted behaviors. This article reports an exploration of the amounts and patterns of variance in selected purchase decisions as a function of consumption and purchase contexts. Results for the two product categories studied reveal sizable situational effects.
Power in a Channel of Distribution: Sources and Consequences
Authors: Hunt Shelby D. , Nevin John R.
Published: November 2018

This article empirically assesses the relationship between power and the sources of power in a channel of distribution that has a well-defined power source: the franchisor-franchisee channel. In addition, the consequences of franchisors utilizing coercive versus noncoercive sources of power are examined.
Racial and Linguistic Status Differences in the Effect of Interscholastic Sport Participation on School Engagement and Academic Performance Among High School Students
Authors: Bang Hyejin , Chang Mido , Lee Cindy
Published: November 2018

The purpose of the study was to examine whether the effects of interscholastic sport participation on academic performance and school engagement vary by race and linguistic status of high school students. High school participants ( n = 16,200) were selected from the Education Longitudinal Study: 2002, a nationally representative database. Results of a structural equation model showed that Asian, black, and Hispanic students’ interscholastic sport participation had a positive effect on grade point average, while the effect was not significant for white students. However, white students’ interscholastic sport participation was likely to have a positive, indirect effect on grade point average through their engagement in school. The results showed no linguistic status variation in the effects of interscholastic sport participation on school engagement and grade point average. The findings suggest that supporting high school students in school-sponsored extracurricular sport programs should be continued, highlighting the important role of schools in shaping the proper educational environment for sport participation.
Recreating the Scene: An Investigation of Police Report Writing
Authors: Yu Han , Monas Natalie
Published: November 2018

Police officers do a significant amount of high-stake writing in police reports, but report writing is given little attention in policy academies, and prevailing guidelines treat the task as a mechanical process of recording facts. As a result, officers are ill-prepared for this essential and inherently complex task. In this study, we interviewed officers to study what makes for a good police report. Our findings reveal that police reports are goal-directed genre actions. This understanding peers through the positivist emphasis on factual details to emphasize the social function of police reports in the criminal justice system.
Decision-Making Capacity Among Elderly People: A Mapping of Health Professionals’ and Laypeople’s Views
Authors: Lhermite Astrid , Munoz Sastre Maria Teresa , Sorum Paul C. , Mullet Etienne
Published: November 2018

The views of laypeople and professionals (nurses, occupational therapists, psychologists, and physicians) on the capacity to make informed decisions of elderly people with depression or dementia were examined. Participants were presented with vignettes created by varying the levels of three factors: (a) the type of decision (e.g., agreeing to surgery), (b) the health problem (e.g., slight depression), and (c) the availability of social support. Through cluster analysis, four different positions were found. Seventeen percent of the participants considered that even persons suffering from slight depression were already quite incapacitated. In contrast, 24% considered that only elderly people suffering from moderate or severe dementia were impaired. The majority of participants (59%) expressed positions that can be considered as pragmatic. Level of impairment was viewed as a function of severity of illness or type of illness. No significant differences were found between health professional and laypeople.
That Was Easy! Expectancy Violations During Exposure and Response Prevention for Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Guzick Andrew G. , Reid Adam M. , Balkhi Amanda M. , Geffken Gary R. , McNamara Joseph P. H.
Published: November 2018

Violating expectancies during exposure therapy is proposed to promote inhibitory learning and improved treatment outcomes. Because people tend to overestimate how distressing emotionally challenging situations will be, violating expectations of distress may be an intuitive way to promote treatment outcome during exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This study evaluated overpredictions of distress during exposure tasks in 33 youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; ages 8-17) participating in CBT. Youth with more variable prediction accuracy and a higher proportion of overpredictions experienced more rapid symptom reduction, b = −0.29, p = .002. Underpredictions were less common toward the end of therapy as youth experienced less severe OCD, b = 0.12, p= .001. Findings suggest that although youth often accurately predict the intensity of exposure, overpredictions are common as well. The frequency of these overpredictions promoted treatment outcome, supporting expectancy violations as one indicator of inhibitory learning during exposure therapy.
Introduction to Looked Class, Talked Red by Barbara Harlow
Authors: Hoad Neville
Published: November 2018

The author remembers his friend and colleague Barbara Harlow and provides an introductory context for the selection from her book-in-progress on Ruth First published in this special issue of Race & Class 60, no. 3 (2019). He describes just how Ruth First became of interest to Harlow, explaining the intersections of Ruth First’s personal history as a public intellectual with the history of decolonisation and the anti-apartheid movement, and the intersection of a ‘public’ and ‘private’ or domestic life. He speculates as to why the project of over thirty years remained unfinished in terms of a final publication.
Lateral Meniscal Posterior Root Repair With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Better Restores Knee Stability
Authors: Tang Xin , Marshall Brandon , Wang Joon Ho , Zhu Junjun , Li Jian , Smolinski Patrick , Fu Freddie H.
Published: November 2018

Background:

The effect of lateral meniscal posterior root tear and repair—commonly seen in clinical practice in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction—is not known.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

This study evaluated the effect of tear and repair of the lateral meniscal posterior root on the biomechanics of the ACL-reconstructed knee. It was hypothesized that anterior tibial translation would increase under anterior loading and simulated pivot-shift loading with the root tear of the posterior lateral meniscus, while repair of the root tear would reduce it close to the noninjured state.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Thirteen fresh-frozen adult human knees were tested with a robotic testing system under 2 loading conditions: (1) an 89.0-N anterior tibial load applied at full extension and 15°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion and (2) a combined 7.0-N·m valgus and 5.0-N·m internal tibial torque (simulated pivot-shift test) applied at full extension and 15° and 30° of knee flexion. The following knee states were tested: intact knee, ACL reconstruction and intact lateral meniscus, ACL reconstruction and lateral meniscal posterior root tear, and ACL reconstruction and lateral meniscal posterior root repair.

Results:

In the ACL-reconstructed knee, a tear of the lateral meniscal posterior root significantly increased knee laxity under anterior loading by as much as 1 mm. The transosseous pullout suture root repair improved knee stability under anterior tibial and simulated pivot-shift loading. Root repair improved the ACL graft force closer to that of the native ACL under anterior tibial loading.

Conclusion:

Lateral meniscal posterior root injury further destabilizes the ACL-reconstructed knee, and root repair improves knee stability.

Clinical Relevance:

This study suggests a rationale for surgical repair of the lateral meniscus, which can restore stability close to that of the premeniscal injury state.
Tracking the Rise of Geriatric Emergency Departments in the United States
Authors: Schumacher John G. , Hirshon Jon Mark , Magidson Phillip , Chrisman Marilyn , Hogan Terisita
Published: November 2018

The traditional model of emergency care no longer fits the growing needs of the over 20 million older adults annually seeking emergency department care. In 2007 a tailored “geriatric emergency department” model was introduced and rapidly replicated among hospitals, rising steeply over the past 5 years. This survey examined all U.S. emergency departments self-identifying themselves as Geriatric Emergency Departments (GEDs) and providing enhanced geriatric emergency care services. It was guided by the recently adopted Geriatric Emergency Department Guidelines and examined domains including, GED identity, staffing, and administration; education, equipment, and supplies; policies, procedures, and protocols; follow-up and transitions of care; and quality improvement. Results reveal a heterogeneous mix of GED staffing, procedures, physical environments and that GEDs’ familiarity with the GED Guidelines is low. Findings will inform emergency departments and gerontologists nationwide about key GED model elements and will help hospitals to improve ED services for their older adult patients.
Osteoconductive 3D porous composite scaffold from regenerated cellulose and cuttlebone-derived hydroxyapatite
Authors: Palaveniene Alisa , Tamburaci Sedef , Kimna Ceren , Glambaite Kristina , Baniukaitiene Odeta , Tihminlioğlu Funda , Liesiene Jolanta
Published: November 2018

Recently, usage of marine-derived materials in biomedical field has come into prominence due to their promising characteristics such as biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and wide accessibility. Among these marine sources, cuttlebone has been used as a valuable component with its trace elemental composition in traditional medicine. Recent studies have focused on the use of cuttlebone as a bioactive agent for tissue engineering applications. In this study, hydroxyapatite particles were obtained by hydrothermal synthesis of cuttlebone and incorporated to cellulose scaffolds to fabricate an osteoconductive composite scaffold for bone regeneration. Elemental analysis of raw cuttlebone material from different coastal zones and cuttlebone-derived HAp showed that various macro-, micro- and trace elements – Ca, P, Na, Mg, Cu, Sr, Cl, K, S, Br, Fe and Zn were found in a very similar amount. Moreover, biologically unfavorable heavy metals, such as Ag, Cd, Pb or V, were not detected in any cuttlebone specimen. Carbonated hydroxyapatite particle was further synthesized from cuttlebone microparticles via hydrothermal treatment and used as a mineral filler for the preparation of cellulose-based composite scaffolds. Interconnected highly porous structure of the scaffolds was confirmed by micro-computed tomography. The mean pore size of the scaffolds was 510 µm with a porosity of 85%. The scaffolds were mechanically characterized with a compression test and cuttlebone-derived HAp incorporation enhanced the mechanical properties of cellulose scaffolds. In vitro cell culture studies indicated that MG-63 cells proliferated well on scaffolds. In addition, cuttlebone-derived hydroxyapatite significantly induced the ALP activity and osteocalcin secretion. Besides, HAp incorporation increased the surface mineralization which is the major step for bone tissue regeneration.
Use of Face Information Varies Systematically From Developmental Prosopagnosics to Super-Recognizers
Authors: Tardif Jessica , Morin Duchesne Xavier , Cohan Sarah , Royer Jessica , Blais Caroline , Fiset Daniel , Duchaine Brad , Gosselin Frédéric
Published: November 2018

Face-recognition abilities differ largely in the neurologically typical population. We examined how the use of information varies with face-recognition ability from developmental prosopagnosics to super-recognizers. Specifically, we investigated the use of facial features at different spatial scales in 112 individuals, including 5 developmental prosopagnosics and 8 super-recognizers, during an online famous-face-identification task using the bubbles method. We discovered that viewing of the eyes and mouth to identify faces at relatively high spatial frequencies is strongly correlated with face-recognition ability, evaluated from two independent measures. We also showed that the abilities of developmental prosopagnosics and super-recognizers are explained by a model that predicts face-recognition ability from the use of information built solely from participants with intermediate face-recognition abilities ( n = 99). This supports the hypothesis that the use of information varies quantitatively from developmental prosopagnosics to super-recognizers as a function of face-recognition ability.
Antiphospholipid syndrome in obstetrics
Authors: Kemp M , Thomas W
Published: November 2018

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) covers a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from recurrent pregnancy loss and obstetric complications from placental dysfunction through to thrombotic disease. This article will focus on the common manifestations of the pregnancy-related complications of APS. This includes clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management, as general practitioners will need to be able to recognize the disorder and will also have patients under their care receiving treatment for APS.
Validation of a spectrophotometric method for GGT measurement in canine urine and determination of the urine GGT-to-creatinine ratio reference interval and biological variation in 41 healthy dogs
Authors: Ilchyshyn Nicholas P. , Villiers Elizabeth , Monti Paola
Published: November 2018

The urine gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)-to-creatinine ratio has been used to monitor patients at risk of acute renal injury. We validated the spectrophotometric quantification of GGT in urine in a commercial biochemistry analyzer. The assay was precise, accurate, and linear. Intra-assay precision was 3.59% in 4 samples, with GGT concentrations of 47–195 U/L. Inter-assay precision in 3 samples with activities of 11–51 U/L was 7.74%. Accuracy was 97.3%, with an absolute bias of 2.7 U/L. Urine GGT was unaffected by hematuria, hemoglobinuria, or bacteriuria. Urine GGT was stable at 20°C and 4°C for up to 3 d. Storage by freezing at −20°C resulted in a significant reduction in enzyme activity. A pH outside the range of 6.5–8 resulted in reduced GGT activity. The biological variation of urine GGT-to-creatinine ratio provided an index of individuality of 1.6, indicating that a population-based reference interval (RI) can be used. The reference change value was calculated, and an increase in consecutive measurements >43% is required to be regarded as significant. The urine GGT-to-creatinine ratio RI obtained in a population of 41 healthy dogs was 8.5–28.5 U/g.
Resistive and reactive loads’ influences on highly coupled piezoelectric generators for wideband vibrations energy harvesting
Authors: Morel Adrien , Badel Adrien , Grézaud Romain , Gasnier Pierre , Despesse Ghislain , Pillonnet Gaël
Published: November 2018

One of the main challenges in energy harvesting from ambient vibrations is to find efficient ways to scavenge the energy, not only at the mechanical system resonance but also on a wider frequency band. Instead of tuning the mechanical part of the system, as usually proposed in the state of the art, this article develops extensively the possibility to tune the properties of the harvester using the electrical interface. Due to the progress in materials, piezoelectric harvesters can exhibit relatively high electromechanical coupling: hence, the electrical part can now have a substantial influence on the global parameters of the piezoelectric system. In order to harness the energy efficiently from this kind of generator on a wide frequency band, not only the electrical load’s effect on the harvester’s damping should be tuned but also its effect on the harvester’s stiffness. In this article, we present an analytical analysis of the influences of the resistive and reactive behavior of the electrical interface on highly coupled piezoelectric harvesters. We develop a normalized study of the multiphysics interactions, reducing the number of parameters of the problem to a few physically meaningful variables. The respective influence of each of these variables on the harvesting power has been studied and led us to the optimal electrical damping expression and the influences of the damping and of the coupling on the equivalent admittance of the piezoelectric energy harvester. Finally, we linked these normalized variables with real reactive load expressions, in order to study how a resistive, capacitive, and inductive behavior could affect the global performances of the system. The theoretical analysis and results are supported by experimental tests on a highly coupled piezoelectric system [Formula: see text]. Using an adequate tuning of a RC load at each frequency, the maximum harvested power [Formula: see text] under a small acceleration amplitude of [Formula: see text] is reached over a 14 Hz large frequency band around 105 Hz which has been predicted by the model with less than 5% error.
Reference-free damage localization in time-space domain for structural health monitoring of X-COR sandwich composites
Authors: Li Guoyi , Chattopadhyay Aditi
Published: November 2018

This article presents a guided wave based damage localization framework using a time-space analysis for structural health monitoring of X-COR sandwich composites with a reference-free perspective to overcome the difficulty in detecting reflected guided waves in a highly attenuated media. Transducers, including macro-fiber composites and piezoelectric wafers, are used to design the sensing paths. The time-space domain is constructed using de-noised signals that are processed by signal processing techniques including matching pursuit decomposition and Hilbert transform. The localization framework is then validated across a wide range of excitation frequencies in X-COR sandwich composites with seeded facesheet delamination. The results indicate that time-space analysis offers a high accuracy for detection and localization of internal damages and serves as a promising framework for structural health monitoring of complex sandwich composites with reinforcements. This work also provides a comprehensive study of the changes in group velocities, attenuation tendencies, and time-space resolution of actuated and converted modes under different excitation frequencies across a range of ultrasonic transducer sizes, thereby helping to improve reliability and accuracy of damage localization in time-space domain.
Interphase influences on the mechanical behavior of carbon nanotube–shape memory polymer nanocomposites: A micromechanical approach
Authors: Hassanzadeh-Aghdam MK , Mahmoodi MJ , Ansari R , Darvizeh A
Published: November 2018

The effects of interphase characteristics on the elastic behavior of randomly dispersed carbon nanotube–reinforced shape memory polymer nanocomposites are investigated using a three-dimensional unit cell–based micromechanical method. The interphase region is formed due to non-bonded van der Waals interaction between a carbon nanotube and a shape memory polymer. The influences of temperature, diameter, volume fraction, and arrangement type of carbon nanotubes within the matrix as well as two interphase factors, including adhesion exponent and thickness on the carbon nanotube/shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli, are explored extensively. Moreover, the results are presented for the shape memory polymer nanocomposites containing randomly oriented carbon nanotubes. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that the interphase region plays a crucial role in the modeling of the carbon nanotube/shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s elastic moduli. It is observed that the nanocomposite’s elastic moduli remarkably increase with increasing interphase thickness or decreasing adhesion exponent. It is found that when the interphase is considered in the micromechanical simulation, the shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s elastic moduli non-linearly increase as the carbon nanotube diameter decreases. The predictions of the present micromechanical model are compared with those of other analytical methods and available experiments.
Inferiority Complex and Self-Esteem Among Madrasa Students in Bangladesh: A Real Crisis
Authors: Sultana Aklima , Kabir Syed M. S.
Published: November 2018

The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the self-esteem and inferiority complex of madrasa students in Bangladesh. The adapted Bangla version of Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale and Pati’s inferiority questionnaire were administered individually to 773 students. The analyses of results indicate that there is a significant difference in self-esteem according to gender ( p < .01 level) and socioeconomic status ( p < .05 level). Males have lower self-esteem than females, and lower socioeconomic status have lower self-esteem than other group of socioeconomic status. However, residence has no significant effect on self-esteem. The results also indicate that there is a significant difference in the inferiority complex according to socioeconomic status ( p < .05), but gender and residence have no effect on the inferiority complex. The analysis of results also revealed that self-esteem and inferiority complex were negatively correlated (–.015), that is, if self-esteem increases, then inferiority complex decreases among madrasa students.
National Guideline Clearinghouse Is No More: Keep Calm and Search On
Authors: Gerberich Amanda , Spencer Samantha , Ipema Heather
Published: November 2018

In July 2018, the National Guideline Clearinghouse lost funding, leaving fewer freely available online guideline collections. Based on the authors’ experience of the 3 major guideline-focused databases that are currently available (Guidelines International Network, the Turning Research into Practice database, and Guideline Central) an easy to use resource with stringent inclusion criteria is currently lacking, though new resources are in development. These 3 resources vary in scope, and none stood out as an all-encompassing favorite. Regardless of the source used to find and access guidelines, clinicians must evaluate guideline quality and currency before using them in clinical practice.
Global Product R&D and the Firm's Strategic Position
Authors: Zou Shaoming , Özsomer Aysegül
Published: November 2018

The authors investigate coordination and concentration of firms’ global product research and development (R&D) and their effect on the firm's global strategic position. Some internal and external antecedents of coordination and concentration also are identified. A conceptual model is developed and tested by structural equation modeling. The results show that coordination of R&D is a key determinant of the firm's global strategic position. Furthermore, coordination of R&D is influenced by global emphasis and human resource flexibility, both internal organizational resources. Similarly, concentration of R&D is influenced by human resource flexibility. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Executive Insights: International Marketing Managers: A Comparison of Japanese, German, and U.S. Perceptions
Authors: Gorchels Linda , Jambulingam Thani , Aurand Timothy W.
Published: November 2018

A competent international marketing manager is critical to any firm's international success. In this study, U.S., Japanese, and German executives were asked whether firms should depend on existing domestic personnel to grow their business and what skill sets are important to the success of domestically based international marketing managers and firms. Japanese and German executives preferred local (host-country) talent, whereas U.S. executives believed that domestic marketing resources were at least as significant. Japanese, German, and U.S. selection of the skills required of a domestically based international marketing manager were consistent. Findings can be applied to hiring and training of international marketing managers.
Ixekizumab (Interleukin 17A Antagonist): 12-week Efficacy and Safety Outcomes in Real-world Clinical Practice
Authors: Georgakopoulos Jorge R. , Phung Michelle , Ighani Arvin , Yeung Jensen
Published: November 2018

Background:

Current knowledge of the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab is limited to data from phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A gap exists in our understanding of treatment outcomes of this newly available biologic in real-world clinical practice.

Objective:

This study explores the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in non-RCT patients to compare real-world outcomes to those reported in RCTs.

Methods:

We conducted a multicentre, retrospective chart review of patients treated with ixekizumab therapy for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Efficacy (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score of 75 or Physician Global Assessment of 0 or 1) and safety (reported adverse events [AEs]) were assessed following a 12-week treatment period.

Results:

Of the 60 patients included, 45 (75.0%) achieved efficacious outcomes after 12 weeks of ixekizumab treatment. Twenty-two (36.7%) patients experienced one or more AEs, of whom only 3 (5.0%) withdrew from treatment as a result. Common AEs included injection site reaction/erythema/pain (13.3%) and dermatitis (5.0%).

Conclusion:

Ixekizumab has shown to be a safe and effective therapeutic option for plaque psoriasis in real-world practice. It does not appear that patients experience more AEs in real-world clinics than those in clinical trials.
Player power: Networked careers in esports and high-performance game livestreaming practices
Authors: Witkowski Emma , Manning James
Published: November 2018

In this article, we explore the ongoing negotiations and tensions involved in creating high-performance play and livestreaming practices, produced through assemblages of creative networked actions between individuals, institutions, infrastructures and communities. From speedrunning communities to esports leagues, expert game cultures offer key cases to explore the conventions of expert gameplay, the politics of digital play itself and the formation of networked careers. These include performances (on/off screen, by players and spectators), ownership/governance (of the game, of third-party organizations and products), and the expressions of player rights. Specifically, via two case studies, we look at how two veteran franchises – Valve Corporation’s Counter-Strike and Nintendo’s Super Mario – have engaged with the moving foundations and expressions of co-creation practices made by those engaged in high-performance networked careers of play.
Postoperative opioid prescribing patterns and use after vascular surgery
Authors: Colton Ilsley B , Fujii Mayo H , Ahern Thomas P , MacLean Charles D , Lahiri Julie E , Alef Matthew , Stanley Andrew C , Steinthorsson Georg , Bertges Daniel J
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to assess postoperative opioid prescribing patterns, usage, and pain control after common vascular surgery procedures in order to develop patient centered best-practice guidelines. We performed a prospective review of opioid prescribing after seven common vascular surgeries at a rural, academic medical center from December 2016 to July 2017. A standardized telephone questionnaire was prospectively administered to patients ( n = 110) about opioid use and pain management perceptions. For comparison we retrospectively assessed opioid prescribing patterns ( n = 939) from July 2014 to June 2016 normalized into morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Prescribers were surveyed regarding opioid prescription attitudes, perceptions, and practices. Opioids were prescribed for 78% of procedures, and 70% of patients reported using opioid analgesia. In the prospective group, the median MMEs prescribed were: VEIN (31, n = 16), CEA (40, n = 14), DIAL (60, n = 17), EVAR (108, n = 8), INFRA (160, n = 16), FEM TEA (200, n = 11), and OA (273, n = 4). The median proportion of opioids used by patients across all procedures was only 30% of the amount prescribed across all procedures (range 14–64%). Patients rated the opioid prescribed as appropriate (59%), insufficient (16%), and overprescribed (25%), and pain as very well controlled (47%), well controlled (47%), poorly controlled (4%), and very poorly controlled (2%). In conclusion, we observed significant variability in opioid prescribing after vascular procedures. The overall opioid use was substantially lower than the amount prescribed. These data enabled us to develop guidelines for opioid prescribing practice for our patients.
Qatar in Egypt: The politics of Al Jazeera
Authors: Maziad Marwa
Published: November 2018

This article argues that, although Al Jazeera may have been founded with the idea of giving Qatar influence in the Arab world and beyond, it was through a form of slow Islamist takeover within Al Jazeera Network that first the new Al Jazeera Mubasher Misr (Al Jazeera Live from Egypt) and second the classic Al Jazeera Arabic were ideologically transformed. This transformation led both of these Al Jazeera subsidiaries to damage Qatar’s political relations with its neighboring states of Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Analysis reveals that Al Jazeera and Qatar’s foreign policies are not identical. Rather, each institution manifests its own internal logic and enforces external ties. Moreover, there are many Al Jazeera(s): Al Jazeera Arabic (AJA), Al Jazeera English (AJE), Al Jazeera Mubasher Misr (AJMM), Al Jazeera Documentary etc. Each one is different. The article also examines the case of the three Al Jazeera English journalists who were jailed, tried, and eventually pardoned, in Egypt, as an example of the worsening political relations that developed between Qatar and Egypt as a result of confusing AJE’s professional work with the ultimately shut down AlJazeera Mubasher Misr’s Islamist editorial policy and unprofessional journalistic practices. Methods include: examining primary documents, qualitative content analysis of officials’ media interviews, fieldwork research in Egypt, and anthropological research in Qatar, interviewing journalists, public officials, and academics on various research trips between 2007 and 2017.
Integrating multiple data sources in match-fixing warning systems
Authors: Ötting Marius , Langrock Roland , Deutscher Christian
Published: November 2018

Recent years have seen several match-fixing scandals in soccer. In order to avoid match-fixing, existing literature and fraud detection systems primarily focus on analysing betting odds provided by bookmakers. In our work, we suggest to not only analyse odds but also total volume placed on bets, thereby making use of more of the information available. As a case study for our method, we consider the second division in Italian soccer, Serie B, since for this league it has effectively been proven that some matches were fixed, such that to some extent we can ground truth our approach. For the betting volume data, we use a flexible generalized additive model for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS), with log-normal response, to account for the various complex patterns present in the data. For the betting odds, we use a GAMLSS with bivariate Poisson response to model the number of goals scored by both teams, and to subsequently derive the corresponding odds. We then conduct outlier detection in order to flag suspicious matches. Our results indicate that monitoring both betting volumes and betting odds can lead to more reliable detection of suspicious matches.
Revisiting the “Authoritarian Versus Participative” Leadership Style Legacy: A New Model of the Impact of Leadership Inclusiveness on Employee Engagement
Authors: Busse Ronald , Regenberg Sam
Published: November 2018

The present quantitative research extends the large body of knowledge on the leader–follower relation. On the basis of Kahn’s (1990) engagement model, we develop a new framework featuring a curvilinear inverted U-shaped relationship between leadership inclusiveness and employee engagement. Our survey data ( N = 277), collected in the Financial Services Sector in Europe and North America, reveals that three antecedents of engagement (psychological meaningfulness, safety, and availability) mediate the relationship between our main variables. To be more specific, engagement levels culminate at a moderately high level of leadership inclusiveness followed by a “progressive decline” as inclusiveness moves further along the continuum. Despite the presence of advantages on both ends of the leadership inclusiveness continuum, we advise practicing managers to avoid both extremes in light of unjustifiable compromises.
Narrative Depictions of Working With Language Interpreters in Cross-Language Qualitative Research
Authors: Bergen Nicole
Published: November 2018

The role of the interpreter in cross-language qualitative research warrants methodological consideration at the onset and throughout the research. This study used a narrative approach to portray how two researchers’ epistemological positionings about the interpreter role were negotiated within the practical realities of conducting research. Data were obtained from a semistructured interview with an experienced cross-language researcher and field notes of my subsequent experiences working with interpreters. Findings suggest that the researcher–interpreter relationship is shaped by the epistemological views of the researcher, researcher experience and seniority, study design and resources, and the context in which the research occurs. Understanding how researchers’ views and approaches to working with interpreters evolve across different career stages and adapt to different circumstances can provide new insights to prepare researchers for cross-language research and to promote rigorous qualitative research.
The effect of coronal prosthetic alignment changes on socket reaction moments, spatiotemporal parameters, and perception of alignment during gait in individuals with transtibial amputation
Authors: Hashimoto Hiroshi , Kobayashi Toshiki , Gao Fan , Kataoka Masataka , Okuda Kuniharu
Published: November 2018

Introduction

The alignment of a prosthesis is clinically determined based on observations by clinicians and the subjective perception of amputees during gait. However, this process has been reported to be unreliable. Socket reaction moment has been reported to be significantly impacted by alignment changes, but the impact of these alignment changes on other gait parameters is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coronal alignment changes of a transtibial prosthesis on socket reaction moment, spatiotemporal parameters, and perceptions of alignment during gait in amputees.

Methods

Nine individuals with transtibial amputation participated in this study. Socket reaction moment and spatiotemporal parameters (step time, step length, step width, single limb support time, cadence, and gait speed) were measured under nine coronal alignment conditions (angulation: ±3°, ±6°, translation: ±5 mm, ±10 mm, and baseline) using a three-dimensional motion capture system (Vicon) and an embedded load-cell system (Europa™). In addition, subjective perceptions of alignment were examined.

Results

Coronal alignment changes of the transtibial prostheses demonstrated significant changes in socket reaction moment; however, no significant changes were found with spatiotemporal parameters or the amputee’s perception.

Conclusion

Measurement of socket reaction moment, along with the embedded load-cell system, may be a better metric for tuning the coronal alignment of transtibial prostheses compared to spatiotemporal parameters and amputee’s perceptions.
Parental Coresidence, Young Adult Role, Economic, and Health Changes, and Psychological Well-being
Authors: Caputo Jennifer
Published: November 2018

Despite recent concern surrounding increases in parental coresidence during young adulthood, questions about the relationship between this demographic shift and the well-being of young adults have received little scholarly attention. This paper uses survey data from National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine the relationship between parental coresidence transitions and depressive symptoms as well as whether these patterns are contingent on changes in economic resources, self-rated health, and transitions surrounding college graduation, work, marriage, and parenthood. The analyses reveal that those returning to a parental home after experiencing residential independence report an increase in depressive symptoms relative to their stably independent peers, even after accounting for other mental health–linked changes that predict these residential patterns and evaluations of relationships with parents. The findings highlight the implications of the trend toward parental coresidence for current young adults’ mental health.