bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of pyrrole derivatives on manifestations of inflammation in rats with chronic ulcerative colitis under prednisolone treatment
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Kotlyar I. P. , Kuznietsova H. M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Rybalchenko V. K. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

Background. Previously, we have detected the antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of pyrrole-derived protein kinase inhibitors - MI-1 (1-(4-Cl-benzyl)-3-Cl-4-(CF3-phenylamino) -1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione 1) and D1 (5-amino-4-(1,3-benzothiazole-2-yl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrole-3-one) using rat colon cancer model. Therefore, pyrrole derivatives was aimed at detecting the anti-inflammatory effect on the model of ulcerative colitis caused by acetic acid in rats. Materials and Methods. Prednisolone was used as a reference anti-inflammatory drug of glucocorticoid nature. It was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.7 mg/kg. The compounds were administered in 2 h after the first administration of acetic acid. Total protein was estimated quantitatively, as described by Lowry et al., 1951. Content of the malonic dialdehyde, protein carbonyl groups, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes as indicators of colon mucosa redox status were measured spectrophotometrically. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using MS Excel-2013. Results and Discussion. In case of chronic colitis, the number of carbonyl groups and lipid peroxidation products in the colonic mucosa are increased, indicating the development of oxidative stress. The injection of pyrrole derivatives separately contributes to the approaching these indicators to normal. Adding prednisolone does not have this effect. Colitis has been shown to have a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity, which is a typical phenomenon for chronic inflammation and may indicate depletion of the enzyme. In case of colitis, alanine aminotransferase activity and the content of direct bilirubin are increased, which indicates a liver injury and are systemic manifestations of inflammation of the colon. Pyrrole derivatives help to reduce the liver injury, which indicates the restoration of normal alanine aminotransferase activity and direct bilirubin content. Conclusion. It has been found that at chronic colitis pyrrole derivatives reduce the manifestations of inflammation, contribute to the normal structure of the mucous membrane (comparative to prednisolone as a standard anti-inflammatory drug). It suggests their anti-inflammatory effectiveness, while an increase in total bilirubin under exposition to pyrrole derivatives may be a sign of the adverse effects on the rat’s liver.
Secuela de diagnóstico tardío y tratamiento en displasia del desarrollo de la cadera: reporte de caso y descripción de técnica quirúrgica
Authors: Garcia Mansilla Agustin Maria , Diaz Dilerna Fernando , Kohan fortuna figueira Surya victoria , Bosio Santiago , Zanotti Gerardo , Halliburton Carolina , Puigdevall Miguel
Published: September 2021

La displasia del desarrollo de la cadera (DDC) es una entidad frecuente que afecta a 4 de cada 1000 nacidos vivos y es una causa reconocida de artrosis de cadera secundaria a pesar de los controles perinatales de rutina.

En la mayoría de los pacientes, el diagnóstico precoz de la patología permite una evolución sin secuelas. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico tardío con múltiples intervenciones representa un verdadero reto para el ortopedista, ya que se trata de pacientes con fisis abierta, nucleos de osificación presentes y cirugías previas en la zona de abordaje.

Se reporta a continuación el caso de una paciente tratada en nuestro centro desde su nacimiento, que evolucionó con complicaciones asociadas al diagnóstico tardío y a las intervenciones quirúrgicas, describiendo la cirugía de salvataje realizada a los 12 años de edad y destacando finalmente la importancia de los controles perinatales de rutina y el diagnóstico precoz de la DDC.
Accuracy of intraoperative neuromonitoring during percutaneous cement discoplasty
Authors: Camino Willhuber Gaston Oscar , Bendersky Mariana , Vilte Carolina , Kido Gonzalo , Pereira Duarte Matias , Estefan Martin , Bassani Julio , Petracchi Matias , Gruenberg Marcelo , Sola Carlos
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Percutaneous cement discoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure to treat low back pain due to advanced degenerative disc disease in elderly patients. Complications of this procedure has been described such as infection, vertebral fracture, cement leakage and nerve injury. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is used to detect the latter. The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of neuromonitoring during discoplasty to detect new neurological compromise.
Methods: 100 consecutive patients were included in this retrospective study, (30 males and 70 females, mean age of 76.3 ± 5.71 years) with mechanical low back pain who underwent percutaneous cement discoplasty.
Results: Sensitivity to detect neurological injury was 82% (CI 95% 66-98), specificity was of 99% (CI 95%98-100) with a positive predictive value of 0.95 (CI 95% 85-100) and a negative predictive value of 0.97 (CI 95% 95-99). In 5 patients neurological compromise was not detected by neuromonitoring.
Discussion: Our study showed high sensitivity and specificity of neuromonitoring to detect neurological irritation during percutaneous discoplasty. Intraoperative neuromonitoring resulted an effective assistance during this minimally invasive procedure.
Prevalencia en la prescripción de antipsicóticos y monitoreo metabólico en pacientes bajo tratamiento crónico
Authors: Vivacqua María Noelia , Abudarham Tomás , Pagotto Vanina , Faccioli José Luis
Published: September 2021

Introducción: Los antipsicóticos incrementan la morbimortalidad por su impacto metabólico. Es escasa la información sobre su prescripción y seguimiento. El objetivo fue estimar la prevalencia de prescripción de antipsicóticos crónicos y evaluar el monitoreo metabólico. 

Métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes ambulatorios mayores de 18 años de un hospital de Argentina. Se estimó la prevalencia cruda y ajustada de prescripción crónica de antipsicóticos mediante estandarización indirecta por la población de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), con su intervalo de confianza 95%. Se evaluó si los pacientes en tratamiento tenían determinaciones bioquímicas, tensión arterial sistólica (TAS) e índice de masa corporal (IMC), al inicio y a los 12 meses. 

Resultados: La prevalencia cruda de prescripción de antipsicóticos fue 23,8‰ (IC del 95% 23,0 – 24,6) y la ajustada fue 10,1 ‰ (95% CI 9,5-10,7). Se evaluaron 3702 pacientes. La razón hombre/mujer fue 0,6. La mediana de edad 77,5 años (IQR 25-75: 59,5-86,1). Predominó quetiapina. Pacientes con determinaciones al inicio: lipidograma 1804 (48,7%), glucemia 2034 (54,9 %), TAS 2546 (68,8 %) e IMC 1584 (42,8%). A los 12 meses: lipidograma 680 (18,4%), glucemia 898 (24,3%), TAS 1609 (43,5%) e IMC 1584 (21,7%). 

Conclusiones: Observamos una mayor prescripción de antipsicóticos atípicos en la población anciana y femenina, y un escaso registro de determinaciones clínico-bioquímicas para control de efectos adversos.
Ruxolitinib en COVID-19 grave
Authors: Iastrebner Marcelo , Castro Joaquín , García Espina Edgardo , Lettieri Carolina , Payaslian Silvio , Cuesta María Celia , Gutiérrez Fernández Pablo , Mandrile Araceli , Contreras Angela Paola , Gervasoni Sebastián , Verde Gabriel , Galetti Cayetano , Minoldo Estefanía , Caruso Vanesa
Published: September 2021

Introducción: La morbimortalidad por COVID-19 se asocia principalmente con el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS), relacionado con una respuesta inmunitaria aumentada del huésped con aumento de los niveles circulantes de citoquinas. Métodos: En este estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, de un solo brazo (en comparación con un control histórico), en fase 2, se agregó ruxolitinib 5 mg dos veces al día al estándar de tratamiento en pacientes con COVID-19. El objetivo principal fue determinar la eficacia y seguridad de ruxolitinib en pacientes con SARS relacionado con COVID-19. Resultados: aunque no fue posible demostrar una reducción significativa de la proporción de pacientes con neumonía por COVID-19 que requerían ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y ventilación mecánica (criterio de valoración principal), se observó una tendencia a una menor tasa de mortalidad en los pacientes críticos que recibieron ruxolitinib. La dosis de ruxolitinib administrada tuvo que aumentarse de acuerdo con el protocolo en el 32% de los pacientes, sin toxicidad adicional. Conclusión: El perfil de efectos secundarios fue manejable y el fármaco en estudio no causó lesiones orgánicas directas. El ruxolitinib tuvo un efecto antiinflamatorio rápido y un tercio de los pacientes manifestó bienestar inmediatamente después de comenzar el tratamiento.
Clinical features of meningococcal infection in children during the epidemic upsurge in 2018
Authors:   Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kaldybayeva Madina ,   Children's City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Idrissova Raushan ,   Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Urikbaeva Zinaidy ,   Children's City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Khokhulya Sergey ,   Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Idrissova Zhannat ,   Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

In the Repiblic of Kazakhstan in 2018, there was an increase in generalized meningococcal infection (GFMI), which potentially has a risk of high mortality. The aim of the study was to study the clinical features of generalized meningococcal infection (meningococcal meningitis, meningococcal meningitis and mixed-form meningococcal meningitis) during the epidemic upsurge, as well as to evaluate early symptoms of the disease according to new international criteria, 2018. Material and methods. The article describes 59 children aged from 5 months. up to 16 years old. Of these, 35 children (26 boys) with generalized meningococcal infection (GMI): 1 group, age from 0.5 to 10 years with meningitis and meningococcemia (combined GMI) and 2 group, age from 2 to 16 years with meningococcemia - 24 (15 boys). All children underwent a complete clinical and laboratory examination. All children with a retrospective assessment of "red flag" symptoms was performed according to the latest recommendations supported by who the Severity of combined GMI and isolated meningococcemia is almost identical in mortality (8.6% for combined meningitis and meningococcemia and 8.4% for isolated meningococcemia). Results and discussion. In combined GMI, the severity is determined by pleocytosis in the CSF and correlates with inflammatory blood parameters; in isolated meningococcemia, the severity is due to symptoms of shock, primarily cardiovascular insufficiency. Conclusions. Red flag symptoms are particularly significant in children over 3 years of age and adolescents and are specific predictors of septic shock, especially in isolated meningococcemia (83%), but to a slightly lesser extent in combined GMI (71%). Keywords: generalized meningococcal infection, children, epidemic upsurge, meningococcemia, meningitis.
Current issues of ophthalmic rheumatology
Authors:   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Rystanbayeva Akmarzhan ,   International Centre for Eye Health of Kuralai Jazykbaeva, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Balmukhanova Aigul ,   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Mashkunova Olga ,   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan; Scientific-Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kaynazarova Kuralay ,   International Centre for Eye Health of Kuralai Jazykbaeva, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

Ablepsia and hypovision as a social medical problem occupies one of the leading places, both in health care and the economy of the state. Uveitis associated with systemic diseases occur in up to 40% of the population and require an interdisciplinary approach, as they are characterized by polymorphism of clinical manifestations, which makes it difficult to diagnose and treat early, leads to rapid development of complications and disability. Aim. Analysis of literature data on epidemiological and clinical features of uveitis associated with systemic diseases. Material and methods. To analyze the literature, we searched for information about this problem for a period up to 10 years in PubMed/ MEDLINE, PMC, Web of Since. The following terms were used separately or in combination for the search: “uveitis”, “non-infectious uveitis”, “spondylarthritis”, “systemic connective tissue diseases”, “systemic vasculitis”, “complications”, “anti-TNF-α”. The search criteria were key studies related to uveitis and systemic diseases: meta-analyses, original studies, retrospective and cohort studies. Results and discussion. In everyday clinical practice, only close cooperation between rheumatologist and ophthalmologist considering carefully collected anamnestic information, clinical features and course of disease, data of additional examinations contribute to early diagnosis, selection of optimal strategy of treatment, prevention of recurrence and the reduction of visual impairment. Conclusion. All patients with ocular inflammation, especially in the presence of systemic diseases, require the professional attention of clinical medicine specialists. Keywords: inflammatory eye diseases, uveitis, systemic diseases, complications, spondylarthritis, systemic vasculitis, Behcet's syndrome, SLE.
Creative Expressions from the Trans-Atlantic Era: African Women Artistes in Diaspora
Authors: Oladejo Mutiat Titilope
Published: September 2021

The culture of singing and dancing is peculiar to Africa. Before the Trans-Atlantic trade, the culture was a creative expression in everyday life. From a historical perspective, this work examines the movement of African culture into the Trans-Atlantic world through the artistic performances of women in Diaspora. The African Diaspora is a diverse world outside Africa. Hence, this work analyses the experiences across the societies of the African Americans, Afro-Brazilians, the Yoruba Diaspora, Afro-Caribbean, within Africa among others. Women in this spaces have encountered various dynamics of being African descent in al long duree. It examines the historical process that influenced the contemporary practices in the work of female artistes in Diaspora. The work complicates the experiences of female artistes as a manifestation of the characteristics of racial and gender inequalities driven by the struggles for self-worth and determination in the Diaspora. Invariably, this work analysed how cultural ideas from Africa transferred to the diaspora. Significantly, the African female artistes in Diaspora use their work to re-enact and revolve culture by which entrepreneurial tendencies featured. The historical method is adopted.
Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin etnobotanik kullanımı olan bazı bitkilerin peyzaj düzenlemelerinde kullanım olanakları
Authors: YENER Ş. Doğanay , AY AK Betül Rüveyda
Published: September 2021

Peyzaj düzenlemelerinin esas amacı insan ile doğa arasındaki bağı güçlendirerek, estetik, ekolojik, fonksiyonel ve aynı zamanda sürdürülebilir alanlar yaratmaktır. Bu süreç içerisinde sayısız renk, tekstür, form ve ölçüde bitki kullanarak dinamik ve estetik mekanlar oluşturmak mümkündür. Bu bitki çeşitliliği içerisinde doğal bitkiler; bulunduğu yörenin çevre koşullarına en iyi uyum sağlayan bitki türleri olarak sürdürülebilir peyzaj düzenlemelerinin başlıca elemanı olarak işlev görür. Ülkemiz sahip olduğu yaklaşık 12000 doğal bitki taksonu ile bitki çeşitliliği bakımından oldukça zengindir. Bu doğal bitki taksonlarının peyzaj düzenlemelerinde kullanımlarına yönelik çok sayıda çalışmaya rastlanırken; etnobotanik bağlamda ele alınmadıkları görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki insanların çeşitli amaçlarla faydalandığı bitkiler literatürden tespit edilerek; bunların yöredeki yaygın kullanımları irdelenmiştir. Etnobotanik kullanımları yaygın olan bu bitkilerin, aynı zamanda peyzaj düzenlemelerinde kullanım olanakları değerlendirilerek önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Qualitative Open Science – Pain Points and Perspectives
Authors: Field Sarahanne Miranda , van Ravenzwaaij Don , Pittelkow Merle-Marie , Hoek Joyce M. , Derksen Maarten
Published: September 2021

Adopting some practical elements of open science – a movement whose goal is to make scientific research available for everyone – presents unique chal- lenges for qualitative researchers, particularly when it comes to data sharing. In this article, we discuss the issue of open qualitative data, arguing that while concerns about ethics and loss of data quality are legitimate, they do not pose so great a problem as to preclude qualitative researchers from ef- fectively practicing open science. We describe the cost-benefit balance that each qualitative researcher takes into account as they choose whether or not to share their data, and highlight the fact that qualitative research practice lends itself to transparency and integrity by its reliance on reflexivity, and other practices such as member checking and using multiple coders. We con- clude with a reminder to readers that fruitful open science does not require for one to engage in all possible practices for a given study; only those which are appropriate and feasible.
TOMM22 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 22, encoded by TOMM22 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, TOMM22 expression was significantly correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. TOMM22 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
The hydrochemical signature of incongruent weathering in Iceland
Authors: Cole Trevor , Torres Mark , Kemeny Preston
Published: September 2021

Basaltic watersheds such as those found in Iceland are thought to be important sites of CO₂ sequestration via silicate weathering. However, determining the magnitude of CO₂ uptake depends on accurately interpreting river chemistry. Here, we compile geochemical data from Iceland and use them to constrain weathering processes. Specifically, we use a newly developed inverse model to quantify solute supply from rain and hydrothermal fluids as well as allow for different mineral phases within basalts to react at different rates, solutes to be removed via clay formation, and some Ca to be sourced from carbonate dissolution. While some of these processes have been considered previously, they have not been considered together allowing us to newly determine their relative contributions.We find that weathering in Iceland is incongruent in two ways. Firstly, solute release from primary silicates is characterized by a higher proportion of Na than would be expected from bulk basalts, which may reflect preferential weathering or some contribution from rhyolites. This Na enrichment is further enhanced by preferential Mg and K uptake by clays. No samples in our dataset (n=537) require carbonate dissolution even if isotopic data (δ26Mg, δ30Si, δ44Ca, and/or 87Sr/86Sr) are included. While some carbonate weathering is allowable, silicate weathering likely dominates. The complexity we observe in Iceland underscores the need for inverse models to account for a wide range of processes and end-members. Given that riverine fluxes from Iceland are more Na-rich than expected for congruent basalt weathering, the characteristic timescale of CO₂ drawdown is likely affected.
Dance Movement Therapy in Counseling
Authors: Rahmat Febri
Published: September 2021

Absrak: Dance Movement Therapy adalah suatu psikoterapeutik yang digunakan gerakan sebagai integrase fisik dan emosional yang bersifat holistic (Periclous, (2012) dalam Junaidin (2017). Dance Movement Therapy merupakan latihan fisik yang bersifat rekrasional, sarana komunikasi verbal dan non – verbal, sarana ekspresi diri dengan gerakan, interaksi social, dan Pelepas ketegangan. Dance Movement Therapy diberikan bagi individu dan kelompok terapi dalam konteks kesehatan, Pendidikan, social, dan dalam latihan pribadi. Terapi tari dan gerak tidak hanya mengajarkan kemampuan menari atau latihan tari. Dance Movement Therapy mempunyai dia asumsi pokok yaitu bagimana klien dapat mengontrol diri dan mengekspresikan perasaan serta merupakan pendekatan holistic yang penting bagi tubuh proses berpikir , dan bekerja pada integrase diri (Setyoadi & Kushariyadi, 2011).Kata Kunci : Dance Therapy, Counseling, Menari.
Psychological distress associated with the second COVID-19 wave: Prospective evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study
Authors: Daly Michael , Robinson Eric
Published: September 2021

BackgroundIn late 2020 a second wave of COVID-19 infections occurred in many countries and resulted in a national lockdown in the UK including stay at home orders and school closures. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of psychological distress before and during the second COVID-19 wave in the UK. MethodsThis study drew on data from 10,657 participants from the nationally representative probability-based UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS). The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) assessment measure was used to detect the proportion of UK adults experiencing clinically significant psychological distress. Changes in distress levels associated with the second pandemic wave were examined between September 2020 and January 2021 using logistic regression and linear fixed-effects regression models. ResultsLongitudinal analyses showed that the prevalence of clinically significant distress rose by 5.8% (95% CI:4.4-7.2) from 21.3% in September 2020 to 27.1% in January 2021, compared with a 2019 pre-pandemic estimate of 21% in this cohort. Fixed effects analyses confirmed that the second COVID-19 wave was associated with a significant within-person increase in distress (d =0.15, p<.001). Increases were particularly pronounced among those with school-age children in the home. LimitationsA non-specific measure of mental health symptoms was utilized and it was not possible to separate the potential impact of the pandemic from other changes occurring in tandem within the study period. ConclusionClinically significant distress rose during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and reached levels similar to those observed in the immediate aftermath of the first pandemic wave.
Abductive Research Methods in Psychological Science
Authors: Haig Brian
Published: September 2021

This chapter discusses a number of different abductive research methods of relevance to psychological research. The first of these, exploratory factor analysis, has been widely employed to generate rudimentary explanatory theories about common causes, although it is not generally recognized as an abductive method. The second method, analogical modelling, can be viewed as an abductive strategy for developing explanatory theories once they have been generated. The third abductive method, known generally as inference to the best explanation, gets formulated in different ways. These methods of inference to the best explanation can be used to evaluate the worth of competing explanatory theories. Theories of explanatory coherence are important in this regard.
Anxiety and spatial navigation in Williams syndrome and Down syndrome
Authors: Farran Emily Kate , Hudson Kerry D , Bennett Amelia , Ameen Aan , Misheva Iliana , Bechlem Badri , Blades Mark , Courbois Yannick
Published: September 2021

Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) and individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) present with poor navigation and elevated anxiety. This study is the first to investigate the relationship between these two characteristics, using a cross-syndrome comparison approach. Parent report questionnaires were employed to measure navigation competence and anxiety in N=55 individuals with WS and N=42 individuals with DS. Anxiety was measured using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and a novel measure of navigation anxiety. Navigation was measured using the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale (SBSOD) and a novel measure of navigation competence. Categorical questions were also asked regarding navigation behaviours and difficulties, independent travel and travel training received. Finally respondents answered open-ended questions regarding travel training needs and travel training received. The majority of individuals were not permitted to travel independently. A relationship between navigation anxiety and SBSOD scores (but not navigation competence) was observed for both groups. For the DS group only, separation anxiety was related to SBSOD and navigation scores. Additional impacts on independent navigating related to difficulties specific to road crossing situations, a higher tendency to ask for help in WS than in DS, as well as a strong impact of parental confidence for both groups. This first step to understanding the complex relationship between anxiety and navigation in WS and DS suggests that navigation training should take into account elevated anxiety in these groups, and thus should include training in dealing with unforeseen changes and anxiety management.
Preprint: Alcohol's effects during uncertain and uncontrollable stressors in the laboratory
Authors: Bradford Daniel E. , Shireman Jack Michael , Sant'Ana Sarah June Kittleson , Fronk Gaylen , Wanta (Schneck) Susan E. , Curtin John Joseph
Published: September 2021

Alcohol’s effects on reactivity to stressors depend on the nature of the stressor and the reactivity being assessed. Research identifying characteristics of stressors that modulate reactivity and clarifies the neurobehavioral, cognitive, and affective components of this reactivity may help prevent, reduce or treat the negative impacts of acute and chronic alcohol use with implications for other psychopathology involving maladaptive reactivity to stressors. We used a novel, multi-measure, cued electric shock stressor paradigm in a greater university community sample of adult recreational drinkers to test how alcohol (N=64), compared to No-alcohol (N=64), affects reactivity to stressors that vary in both their perceived certainty and controllability. Preregistered analyses suggested alcohol significantly dampened subjective anxiety (self-report) and defensive reactivity (startle potentiation) more during uncertain than during certain stressors regardless of controllability, suggesting that stressor uncertainty —but not uncontrollability— may be sufficient to enhance alcohol’s stress reactivity dampening and thus negative reinforcement potential.
Response Item Network (ResIN): A network-based approach to explore attitude systems
Authors: Carpentras Dino , Lueders Adrian , Quayle Michael
Published: September 2021

Belief network analysis (BNA) refers to a new class of methods designed to detect and outline structural organizations of complex attitude systems. BNA can be used to analyze attitude-structures of “fuzzy” concepts such as ideologies, worldviews, and norm systems and yield insights into a wide range of pressing societal issues. The present manuscript introduces the Response-Item Network (or ResIN) as a new methodological approach that advances BNA in at least two important ways.First, ResIN allows for the detection of attitude asymmetries between different groups, improving the applicability and validity of BNA in research contexts that focus on intergroup differences and/or relationships. Second, ResIN’s networks include a spatial component that is directly connected to item response theory (IRT). This allows for access to latent space information in which each attitude (i.e. each response option across items in a survey) is positioned in relation to the core dimension(s) of group structure, revealing non-linearities and allowing for a more contextual and holistic interpretation of the attitudes network. To evaluate the effectiveness of ResIN, the method was applied to both simulated and real data, and results were compared to existing methods of BNA and IRT. For example, when used to analyze partisan belief-networks in the US-American political context, ResIN was able to reliably distinguish Democrat and Republican attitudes, even in highly asymmetrical attitude systems. The results of this study demonstrate the utility of ResIN as a powerful tool for the analysis of complex attitude systems and contribute to the advancement of BNA.
Security Motives and Negative Affective Experiences During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rodrigues David L. , Zoppolat Giulia , Balzarini Rhonda Nicole , Slatcher Richard B.
Published: September 2021

Objective: Self-regulation can help individuals cope during stressful events, but little is known about why and when this might occur. We examined if being more focused on prevention was linked to negative affective experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also examined possible underlying mechanisms for this association, and whether social support buffered it.Design: Pre-registered longitudinal study, with surveys every two weeks over one month (N = 1,269).Main outcome measures: Regulatory focus and worry for health (T1), adherence to self isolation and preventive health behaviors (T2), negative affective experiences, positive affect, frequency of online interactions, and perceived social support (T3).Results: Prevention focus was associated with health worries at baseline and linked to greater adherence to preventive health behaviors (T2). Only adherence to self isolation was linked to more negative affective experiences (T3). Exploratory analyses showed that prevention focus was linked to more negative affective experiences (T3), but only for participants with fewer online interactions with their family and less perceived social support from family and friends.Conclusions: Prevention motives in threatening times can be a double-edged sword, with benefits for health behaviors and consequences for negative affective experiences. Having a strong social network during these times can alleviate these consequences.
Accidentes laborales en Enfermería
Authors: Panunzio Amelia Patricia
Published: September 2021

Dentro del ámbito clínico asistencial el personal del área de enfermería al desempeñar sus actividades, se expone a factores de riesgos de diversa naturaleza, biológicos, químicos, físicos, mecánicos, disergonómicos y psicosociales, cuya dinámica determina la ocurrencia de enfermedades y accidentes de trabajo. 

A propósito de accidentes laborales, estos son sucesos imprevistos que producen en el trabajador lesiones resultantes de una acción determinada en el curso o en ocasión del trabajo; son numerosos los factores que contribuyen en su aparición y pocas veces, por no decir ninguna, los accidentes ocupacionales son el resultado de una única causa o acción (1).

La exposición al riesgo de accidentes dentro del contexto clínico asistencial, no es la misma para todo el colectivo de trabajadores, sea en centros hospitalarios o extra hospitalarios, varía en función del tipo de trabajo desempeñado por cada categoría profesional, destacándose la mayor incidencia en el personal que presta asistencia sanitaria directa. La enfermería representa una de las ocupaciones dentro del sector sanitario que, en términos de exposición a riesgos ocupacionales, dominan entre las demás profesiones del área de la salud.

Un recorrido entre las numerosas evidencias científicas publicadas en la literatura reciente  muestra un perfil de accidentalidad en profesionales y técnicos de la enfermería , muy variado,  en los que destacan los siguientes : exposición  accidental percutánea y mucocutánea  a sangre y otros  fluidos biológicos potencialmente infecciosos;   lesiones por  sobreesfuerzos físicos;    resbalones y caídas;  lesiones por violencia;   traumas físicos por contacto con fuentes de energía;  quemaduras térmicas o químicas;  asfixia y lesiones por contacto accidental con agentes químicos tóxicos (2-9).

El accidente que continua observándose  con la mayor prevalencia en enfermeras es el  contacto  percutáneo a sangre y otros fluidos biológicos ( pinchazos, cortaduras y laceraciones, con agujas y objetos punzo cortantes),  seguido de contacto muco-cutáneo ( salpicaduras y splash de sangre o fluidos biológicos en membranas mucosas y piel no intacta); las  lesiones musculo esqueléticas por sobre esfuerzo en la asistencia de pacientes, lesiones por resbalones , tropiezos y caídas  y   violencia verbal y física ocupan frecuencias que engrosan la tasa de  accidentalidad en las enfermeras (2,4-5,8- 10).

En relación a  la exposición a sangre y fluidos corporales, es bien reconocido en entornos sanitarios como un peligro ocupacional que impacta a miles de trabajadores del cuidado de la salud por su potencial para transmitir patógenos sanguíneos, entre ellos, virus de la hepatitis B (VHB), hepatitis C (VHC) o virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), debido a contacto percutáneo  y contacto de mucosas o piel no intacta, con sangre, tejidos u otros fluidos biológicos potencialmente infecciosos (11-12).
Infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud
Authors: Perozo Armindo , Castellano González Maribel Josefina , Gómez Gamboa Liliana Patricia
Published: September 2021

En la actualidad, las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud se consideran un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, su aparición e incidencia es cada vez más frecuentes en las instituciones de salud, lo que ocasiona el aumento de las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad, el aumento de los costos sanitarios y la disminución de la seguridad y calidad del servicio que se prestan. El riesgo de adquirir una de estas infecciones depende de la complejidad del servicio o intervención que se presta, su ubicación dentro de un hospital de alta complejidad o en un centro ambulatorio o externo, las condiciones o características individuales de cada paciente, los procedimientos o intervenciones que se realizan al paciente, el microorganismo responsable del cuadro, así como su patrón de sensibilidad y resistencia a los antibióticos. Por último, uno de los factores más importantes e influyentes para la adquisición de estas infecciones lo constituye la conducta del personal de salud, la aplicación adecuada de las medidas de contención primaria, el lavado correcto de las manos y la desinfección y/o esterilización del instrumental, equipos y ambientes hospitalarios, constituyen los factores determinantes más influyentes para la trasmisión de estas infecciones.
A Review of Robert Shaw, The Nocturnal City. London: Routledge, 2018, 126 pр.
Authors: Veselov Fedor
Published: September 2021

This review focuses on the book The Nocturnal City written by the British social geographer Robert Shaw. The author’s major objective is to put the night at the center of the research agenda in urban studies, to contribute to urban theory in general, and to open up a new research field — nightology. The theoretical ambition for Shaw is an attempt to establish a dialogue between planetary urbanism (critical urban theory) and the post-structuralist understanding of the city (assemblage thinking). The author employs the conceptual model of ‘three ecologies’ developed by Felix Guattari; it considers the city as consisting of three interconnected layers: ‘self — society — earth’. Another important analytical tool is the post-colonial metaphor of the night as a frontier, which Shaw develops, considering specificities of the nocturnal city: infrastructures of artificial lighting and cleaning, the night-time economy, the changing aesthetics of cities at night and the experience of night-time at home, beyond the public space. The book does not offer a ready-made solution to theoretical problems and reveals just a little of the empirical diversity of nocturnal cities, but it is recommended as an introduction to a new field — nightology (especially for the Russian social sciences) — and as an elaboration of the discussion around the compatibility of critical urbanism and assemblage thinking in urban theory.
“Are You Living History?” — The Soviet Person and the Quiet Archival Revolution of Late Socialism
Authors: Klots Alissa , Romashova Maria
Published: September 2021

The article focuses on the changes that occurred in archiving practices after Stalin. Based on the analysis of publications in professional journals for archivists and in popular press — as well as the personal archival collection of Perm activist and local historian Valentina Sokolova — we argue that, as a result of the democratic and humanistic turn in Soviet society after Stalin’s death, late socialism saw a shift in the understanding of who is worthy of having their documents preserved in an archive. Whereas previously only “remarkable” individuals had the right for a private archival collection, now some members of the archivist community began a campaign to collect documents of “ordinary” citizens. The archivists found allies not only among specialists but also among elderly members of the Soviet intelligentsia — participants in the building of socialism, who had no prior connection to historical studies. This shift that we call the “quiet archival revolution” became an integral part of the late Soviet commemorative turn. With the help of the archivists — enthusiasts of the “quiet archival revolution,” elderly activist came to realize their own historical significance and the value of their documents, some of which later made it to the state archival depositories.
Kashtartava: A Clinical Study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of PTSR, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara college of Ayurveda, Kuthpady, Udupi574118, Karnataka, India, Kowsalya RG , Naik AD Swetha ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of PTSR, Ashwini Ayurvedic Medical College and Research Centre, Tumkur- 572105, Karnataka, India, Jain Arpana ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of PTSR, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara college of Ayurveda, Kuthpady, Udupi574118, Karnataka, India, Reddy Sridevi ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of PTSR, Sri Kalabyraveshwara Swamy Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Research Centre, Vijayanagar, Bangalore-560104, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Dysmenorrhoea means painful or difficult menstruation and is the most common gynecological problem commonly prevalent from the age of 16 to 30 years. Kashtartava (Dysmenorrhoea) is a common ailment having a major impact on both physical and mental status, thereby affecting a woman’s daily routine activities, characterized by painful menstruation. In Ayurvedic classics there are many disorder like vatala yoni vyapad, paripluta yoni vyapad, udavarta yoni vyapad, mahayoni yoni vyapad, vataja artava dushti in which Kashtartava is considered and described as a symptom. Hence an attempt to evaluate the efficacy of Vizhalveradi kashayam and Soubhagyadi Vati in Kashtartava.
A critical review on Keeta Visha: An ayurvedic concept
Authors:   P.G. Scholar, Department of Agad Tantra Evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt. Ayurveda College, Raipur (CG), India, Patel Deepti , Inchulkar S.R. ,   Professor & H.O.D, Department of Agad Tantra Evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt. Ayurveda College, Raipur (CG), India, Kaushik Yuvraj ,   Lecturer P.G.. Department of Agad Tantra Evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt. Ayurveda College, Raipur (CG), India, Chauhan N.S. ,   Senior Scientific Officer Grade-II Drug Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra, Raipur (C.G), India
Published: September 2021

Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine having eight important branches. Agadtantra is among one of them which deals with toxicological conditions and their management. Acharya Susruta in Kalpa Sthana of Susruta Samhita, and Acharya Vagbhata in Uttaratantra of Ashtanga Hridaya, moreover in other classics and regional texts have recited concerning the origin of Visha and Keeta Visha. Insects are the largest groups of animals, which constitute 75% of all living animal only 2% of the insect species are horrible to human. There are several types of Keeta Visha described. Among animal poisoning, Acharaya’s have described different creatures (Sarpa, Keeta, and Luta) responsible for life threatening conditions. The importance of Keeta Visha is more because it causes severe manifestations in the human being, even death also. Acharya Suhsruta described Keeta Visha under Jangama Visha (Animate poison) and elucidated 67 different type of Keeta under mainly 4 groups. According to its variety, diagnosis and treatment of Keeta Visha is found to be very difficult because these varieties are not yet properly identified and besides, regional variations of these Keetas expresses very differently.
Neerizhivu kudineer (a traditional siddha polyherbal antidiabetic medicine) inhibits α- amylase enzyme and αglucosidase enzyme
Authors:   Retired Professor, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras and Siddha medical practitioner, Chennai, India, Raamachandran Jayaraman , Amuthan Arul ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia,   Team Leader, Division of Siddha, Center for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

Objective: To investigate the α-amylase and α-glucosidases inhibitory activity of Neerizhivu kudineer (NK). Methods: The polyherbal formulation NK was prepared as per traditional Siddha medical literature and aqueous extract was taken. Invitro α-amylase and α-glucosidases inhibitory activity of NK was evaluated using various concentrations of NK. Acarbose was used as standard drug. The percent inhibition values were determined and the dose verses percent inhibition was plotted in MS excel. Using the linear trend line, the concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC50 value) were calculated. Results: NK exhibited dose dependent inhibition on α- amylase and α-glucosidase with the IC50 value of 6.90 μg/ml and 8.51 μg/ml respectively, whereas the standard drug acarbose exhibited IC50 at 5.04 μg/ml and 5.50 μg/ml respectively. Conclusion: Neerizhivu kudineer has the inhibitory action on α-amylase and α-glucosidases enzyme.
Immunity Boosting measures during COVID– 19
Authors:   Amity University, Sector-125, Noida - 201313, U.P., India, Tanveer Tuba
Published: September 2021

Viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China, in 2019 was observed and a novel coronavirus was identified as the cause of this outbreak. COVID-19 was the official term given by the World Health Organization and announced this on February 11, 2020 publicly. Corona virus spreads through person to person contact. The novel corona virus has taken a few months to sweep the globe, there are certain questions that are impossible to fathom as the disease rages. As the vaccine for Covid-19 is not yet discovered, the virus is being controlled from spreading worldwide through numerous strategies. Therefore, noticing the virulence of this virus several preventive measures have been taken at a global level to protect the human race. One of the effective measures in controlling the spread of respiratory disease epidemics is maintaining social distance and, therefore, can be used as a way to reduce its spread. Improving the immune power of a person is another crucial measure adopted to obviate its spread. AYUSH system of medicine is performing a central role in the contribution of meliorating the immune system of a person. Variety of herbal combinations have proven to perform the same function. The very first and easy way to boost the immunity and kill the virus, is to drink warm water throughout the day. It is further also advised to take steam once a day. 30 minutes of daily practice of Yogasana, Pranayama and meditation contributes in boosting immunity. Also using Dhaniya, Haldi, Jeera and Lahsun in cooking helps. It is also advised to use Half teaspoon Haldi with 150 ml of Hot milk, once or twice a day. Consuming Chyavanprash 10 mg in the morning is equally helpful.
Conceptual study of Panchakarma therapy as preventive therapy for COVID-19 W.S.R. to Rajayakshma
Authors:   Assistance Professor (MD Panchakarma), Department of Panchakarma, KDMGS Ayurveda Medical College, Chalisgao, Jalgao, Maharashtra-424101, India, Wagh Vijaya D , Saharkar Sagar G. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, VJD Gramin Ayurveda College, Patur, Maharashtra-444501, India
Published: September 2021

In Ayurveda disease are mainly classified into two types i. e. Nija and Agantuka. Covid 19 is fatal respiratory disease caused by Novel Corona virus is declared as epidemic with higher mortality rate. Rajayakshma one of the Aupasargika vyadhi caused by various Hetus, leads toOjokshaya has similar sign and symptoms of covid 19. Panchakarma therapy has curative aspect as well as preventive for many disease by improving immunity. So, the Panchakarma mentioned in Rajayakshma may be used as preventive measure for Covid 19. As there is no confirmed treatment available, it will helpful in treatment of Covid 19. From classical text references further clinical researches in this area would be helpful.
Ayurvedic Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type-II: A Case Study
Authors:   Senior Ayurveda Consultant and Researcher, Pristyn Care, Delhi, India, Bhardwaj Richa , Gangary Sarvesh K. ,   Ayurveda Expert, Delhi, India
Published: September 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a major health pandemic effecting mankind since ancient times. It is a well-known multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels due to absolute or relative lack of insulin. The incidence of Diabetes has increased drastically in the recent times because of sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits, which happens to be the main etiological factors for this disease. Latest IDF data shows that currently 72.9 million people are living with diabetes in India. In ancient Ayurvedic texts this disease is described as Madhumeha, a form of Vataja Prameha, characterized by passing of excessive amount of sweet urine. The present case study is of a 51 years old male patient visiting Ayurvedic Clinic, Delhi with the chief complaints of body ache, sweet taste of mouth, burning sensation at sole, excessive hunger, excessive thirst, excessive mental stress and increased frequency of micturition. On the basis of physical findings and investigations the diagnosis of Madhumeha (Diabetes mellitus, type-2) was made. The treatment plan opted was use of Sanshamana aushadhi along with modification of diet and lifestyle. Regular follow up visits at the interval of seven days were done for a period of 1 month. After 1 month of treatment significant responses was observed.