bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparing of Cornstarch (Zea mays) Bioplastic Using ZnO Metal
Authors: Hayati Nurwani , Lazulva Lazulva
Published: January 2021

The manufacture of the bioplastic was done through the mixing process using an aquades solvent with a ratio massa 10 gram and 7 gram cornstarch, 150 mL aquades, 2 Ml glycerol and 0,5 gram ZnO. This study aim to find out physical characteristies (water vapour transmission rate, water content, thickness,biodegradation) and mechanical charateristics (tensile strength, elongasi, modulus young) are made of cornstrach (Zea mays) using ZnO metal. From the test results tensile strength was 2.744-4.018 Mpa, percentage of elongation was 28.4632.383%, modulus young’s was 8.9031026535-14.08617709Mpa, thickness was 0.16-0.29mm, water vapor transmission rate was 0.4329-1.52525g/m2.24 hours, water content was 13.5-14.5%, and biodegradation was 3.7798-7.0346% and 455-809 days.
Characterization of Chitosan-Bentonite and Water Hyacinth Plant as a Potential Adsorbent
Authors: Zubir Moondra , Nasution Hafni Indriati , Safitri Mutya Fika , Mandasari Agustina
Published: January 2021

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) has a very rapid growth in the waters so it can cause eutrophication. The silica content of 5.56% allows water hyacinth can be utilized as a natural adsorbent. Bentonit has an advantage as an adsorbent because it has an inter-layered structure that can be easily modified with chitosan, resulting in better performance as an eco-friendly adsorbent. This research aims to determine the characterization of chitosan-bentonite and water hyacinth as a adsorbent of Pb(II)removal. Characterization tests were performed using X-ray difraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectrophotometry. From the results of quantitative XRD analysis can be seen that the adsorbent of chitosan-bentonit and water hyacinth have different adsorbent characteristic, but has the same crystal system that is triclinic crystal system.
Utilization of Glycerol from Used Oil as an Ester Glycerol Surfactant
Authors: Wardana Dian , Ramadhan Ahmad , Fitri Amne Dinda Prihatini , Eddiyanto Eddiyanto
Published: January 2021

The development of biodiesel which is currently increasing has helped increase glycerol as a by-product. The glycerol can be obtained from a transesterification reaction in either vegetable or animal oils or fats and even used cooking oil. Glycerol buildup without further processing can reduce the selling price of glycerol. One solution to overcome this is to convert it to surfactants such as glycerol esters which are widely used in various industries such as chemistry, food, cosmetics, medicine and textiles. This study aims to utilize used cooking oil as a source of glycerol used in the synthesis of glycerol ester surfactants, as well as to compare the quality of glycerol ester surfactants produced by the use of commercial glycerol. The process begins by isolating glycerol from used cooking oil and then purifying it to improve its quality. Then glycerol ester was synthesized by using stearic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid at reaction times of 120, 150 and 180 minutes. The highest yield of ester glycerol produced was at the reaction time of 180 minutes for each use of fatty acids. The test results showed that the glycerol ester produced was able to reduce the surface tension of the water. The value of hydrophylic-lipophylic balance (HLB) is not much different in the range of 5, and the use of various fatty acids and different sources of glycerol results in % of the stability of different emulsions.
Identification of Active Compounds on Muntingia calabura L.Leaves using Different Polarity Solvents
Authors: Sari Sri Adelila , Ernita Mellya , Mara M Nasir , AR Muhammad Rudi
Published: January 2021

Plant of Muntingia calabura L are often known as “kersen”, "seri or "cherry". Leaves of Muntingia calabura L. contains many benefits but its properties are still little known to the public. It contains secondary metabolites which have many uses. This study was aimed to determine the content of secondary metabolites in this leaf. Leaves extracts were obtained by maceration extraction for 3 times 24 hours using polar, semi-polar and non-polar solvents to determine the solubility of secondary metabolite compounds in each solvent. The solvents used were ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The leaveswere dissolved a lot in polar solvents, marked by the formation of a dark green color in ethanol-series extracts, the color fades more in semi-polar and non-polar solvents. The three leaves extracts were tested for secondary metabolite contents by phytochemical screening tests. Phytochemical screening was an initial selection stage to detect classes of chemical compounds contained in plant. Phytochemical screening were included alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, tannin, flavonoidand saponin tests. Based on the results of phytochemical screening tests, the leaf was contained several secondary metabolite compounds, namely flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols and tannins.
Bleach Effectively in Removes The Stubborn Stains
Authors: Zubir Moondra , Darmana Ayi , Damanik Marini , Nasution Hafni Indriati , Annauli G Osi , Siregar Vrili Coirala Rama Uli , Silitonga Yosi Santika
Published: January 2021

Along with the development of science and technology, more and more types of manufactured goods produced to meet our needs we need to know that among these materials there are dangerous or toxic, therefore it is very important for us to know the type, nature, usefulness, as well as the dangers of every chemical that we use at home As we know, all kinds of objects that are around us are actual material, all material consists of chemicals but, in our daily lives we commonly use the term material instead of chemicals. Clothing that we use every day will be prone to stains so it is important to know how to remove stubborn stains on clothes. It would be very inconvenient if the clothes worn are dirty and not beautiful to the eye. There are many types of stains, ranging from dirty sweat, blood, residual makeup, black spots caused by fungus, to stains from the outside such as stains caused by rust, paint, oil, ink or spills of food and drinks. If you use the wrong method to remove these stains, it is not uncommon for us to find difficulties and can even be fatal as they get dirty. Each type of stain has a different treatment, depending on the nature of the stain. Bleach is now available as a solution to the problem of stains on these clothes.
Analysis of Corrosion Rate With Addition of Pumps in Commercial Steel in Sea Water Media
Authors: Selly Rini , Syahputra Ricky Andi , Zubir Moondra , Simatupang Lisnawaty , Ompusunggu Erpida , Aprilyani Jesicca , Sitompul Nopita
Published: January 2021

Corrosion or rusting is very common in metals is a decrease in the ability of a metal due to the environment or chemicals. Sea water is a corrosive environment for metals because it contains sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium sulfate (CaSO4), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and dissolved oxygen (O2) which affect the corrosion process of the material. The presence of dissolved oxygen will cause the rate of corrosion in metals to increase with increasing oxygen content (O2), the solubility of oxygen in water is a function of pressure, temperature and chloride content. The process of corrosion is almost the same for all materials, especially in metals occurs slowly but surely, corrosion can cause a material to have a limited service life, where the material expected to be used for a long time turns out to have a shorter life span than the average usage life.
LITERASI INFORMASI DALAM TUGAS MINI RISET MAHASISWA BARU JURUSAN BIOLOGI PADA MATA KULIAH MORFOLOGI TUMBUHAN
Authors: Gani Abdul Rasyid Fakhrun , Arwita Widya , Syahraini Silvana , Daulay Nur Kholijah
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui literasi informasi mahasiswa pada tugas mini riset mata kuliah Morfologi Tumbuhan. Aspek yang akan diteliti adalah kemampuan mencari dan mengambil informasi, sumber informasi, dan kemampuan menggunakan informasi. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa baru Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Medan (Unimed) angkatan 2019 yang mengambil mata kuliah morfologi tumbuhan pada tahun akademik 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 100 orang, dan sampel diambil secara menyeluruh (total sampling). Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data adalah dokumentasi portofolio tugas mini riset morfologi tumbuhan mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi data. Hasil pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa sudah mampu mencari dan mengambil informasi secara efisien dan efektif. Sumber informasi yang digunakan mahasiswa adalah buku cetak, buku online, dan jurnal online. Mahasiswa juga sudah bisa mengevaluasi informasi yang diperolehnya akan tetapi tingkat plagiarisme mahasiswa tergolong tinggi. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah mahasiswa beru sudah memiliki kemampuan literasi informasi pada mata kuliah morfologi tumbuhan tetapi diperlukan latihan agar mahasiswa terhindar dari plagiarisme.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BIOLOGI UMUM SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR UNTUK BUKU PEGANGGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Sinambela Masdiana , Sinaga Tonggo
Published: January 2021

Pengembangan bahan ajar biologi umum untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar/buku teks yang ber-ISBN sehingga dapat digunakan di kalangan yang luas. Menyusun sebuah buku teks pelajaran harus disesuaikan dengan undang-undang yang berlaku, diantaranya syarat penulisan buku teks pelajaran yang telah ditetapkan oleh Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP). Pengembangan bahan ajar adalah proses penyempurnaan berdasarkan analisis data uji coba. Aspek yang diungkap untuk melakukan revisi meliputi: (1) ketepatan isi materi dari ahli isi, (2) ketepatan  rancangan bahan ajar dari ahli media pembelajaran, (3) hasil uji coba sasaran yang terdiri dari uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil, serta uji coba kelompok besar. Bahan ajar biologi umum yang dipakai pada tahun pembelajaran 2018/2019 masih ada kekurangan, karena proses pembuatannya belum mengikuti acuan dari BNSP. Angket dan bahan ajar divalidasi oleh ahli yang berkompeten di bidangnya. Hasil validasi kemudian digunakan untuk merevisi bahan ajar, dilanjutkan uji coba ke mahasiswa biologi. Hasilnya uji coba ke mahasiswa direvisi kembali sampai sesuai dengan acuan BNSP. Hasil analisis angket kemudian diinterpretasi dengan persentase kriteria kelayakan. Setelah hasilnya layak kemudian bahan ajar dijadikan buku/bahan ajar biologi umum teks yang ber-ISBN.
ALGEBRAIC THINKING ABILITY AND LEARNING INTEREST THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA-BASED PICTORIAL PUZZLE IN NEW NORMAL ERA
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Rustika Putik , Rohaeti Titi
Published: January 2021

Algebraic ability is one of the most important abilities to be developed because it becomes the basis to achieve other mathematical thinking ability. In new normal era, information through social media is the main thing for society, particularly for children of the current generation. This study aims to describe algebraic thinking ability and students' interest in learning through social media-based pictorial puzzles. The method of the research is descriptive quantitative. The samples of this study were 6 students of grade VIII SMP Edu Global School in Cirebon city. This study indicates that algebraic thinking ability and students' interest in learning algebra are still classified as moderate and have not reached the high category, so it needs to be improved in the learning process.
MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS BASED ON GENDER
Authors:   Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Lampung, Alfarisyi Dimas , Sutiarso Sugeng
Published: January 2021

This study was aimed to describe the mathematical communication skill of eighth-grade students of SMP IT Insan Mulia of Batanghari based on gender in solving questions about circle material. The subjects of this study consisted of 21 male and 21 female students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection instrument used in this study is the mathematical communication skill test. The mathematical communication skill test instrument consists of three questions in the form of an essay. The results showed that in general, the mathematical communication skills of male and female students are in a low category. The low ability of students' mathematical communication is due to a weak understanding of concepts, not understanding the usefulness of mathematical symbols, and students' unfamiliarity in working on problems. Male and female students have different mathematical communication skills. Female students have better communication skills than male students in conveying ideas to provide an explanation on each indicator of the mathematical communication skills test.
“E lhe porás o nome de ele ri”
Authors: Nunes Marcus Vinicius de Souza
Published: January 2021

A nossa pesquisa apresenta as relações entre a questão do riso e do cômico em Henri Bergson e Sigmund Freud sob a ótica da ligação da obra de ambos com a noção de “humor judaico”. A problemática é colocada em uma dupla articulação. Primeiramente, em uma perspectiva da antropologia cultural, evidenciamos as dificuldades impostas pela questão sobre a existência e a origem de um “humor judaico”. Em seguida, por meio da arqueologia filosófica proposta por Giorgio Agamben a partir de Michel Foucault, leremos o mito fundacional do judaísmo como um conjunto de enunciados, um paradigma, uma assinatura nessa antropologia do riso que se constitui na passagem do século XIX ao XX.
Palavras-Chave: Bergson. Freud. Psicanálise. Riso. Arqueologia filosófica.
KIRSAL BÖLGEDEKİ BİR OKULUN OTİZM SPEKTRUM BOZUKLUĞU TANILI ÖĞRENCİLER İÇİN HAZIRBULUNUŞLUĞU
Authors: YAZICI Mahmut Serkan
Published: January 2021

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) tanılı öğrenciler,
kaynaştırma eğitimi kapsamında genel okullarda eğitime katılabilmektedir. Bu
nedenle, OSB’li öğrencilerin bu genel okullara kayıt olması halinde,  bu okulların bu öğrenciler için hazır olması
gerekmektedir. Bu hazırbulunurluk için, öncelikle öğretmenler, okul müdürleri
ve okulun fiziki koşulları ve kaynakları öğrencilere hazır olmalıdır. Bu
noktada, her bölgedeki okul hazırbulunurluğu ile ilgili benzer ifadeler
kullanmanın doğru olmayacağı vurgulanmalıdır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı
OSB tanılı öğrencilerin kaynaştırma eğitimine dâhil edilebilecekleri kırsal bir
okulun hazırbulunurluğunu araştırmaktır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için, araştırma
kapsamında örnek olay çalışması yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Türkiye’de
orta düzeyde sosyo-ekonomik seviyeye sahip ve orta ölçekli kentlerden biri olan
bir şehirdeki kırsal bir okulunda toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya okuldaki 9 öğretmen
(tüm öğretmenler) ve okul müdürü katılmıştır. Bu katılımcılarla yarı
yapılandırılmış mülakat yapılmıştır. Ayrıca okulda, fiziki koşulları ve
kaynakları hakkında veri toplamak için yarı yapılandırılmış gözlem yapılmıştır.
Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar okul
hazırbulunurluğunun yetersiz olduğunu göstermektedir. Katılımcıların daha fazla
eğitime ihtiyaç duyduğu ve okul çevresinin otizm dostu olmadığı sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır. Hatta veriler okula OSB’li bir öğrenci gelse bile, okul
hazırbulunurluğunu geliştirmeye yönelik bir değişikliğe gidilmeyeceğini
göstermektedir.
İLKOKUL FEN BİLİMLERİ DERSİ KONULARINDA YER ALAN KAVRAMLARA YÖNELİK SINIF ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ HAZIR BULUNUŞLUK DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Adem
Published: January 2021

Öğrenme sürecinde kavramsal değişim, yeni bilgilerin özümsenmesi ve var olan bilgilerin gözden geçirilerek yeniden düzenlenmesi döngüsü ile öğrenen tarafından zihinsel olarak yapılandırır. Kavramların doğru ve yeterli düzeyde yapılandırılması özellikle öğretmen adaylarının ilerideki mesleki yeterliliklerini doğrudan ilgilendirmekte ve bu nedenle öğretmen adaylarının bu konudaki eksikliklerin belirlenmesini gerektirmektedir. Çünkü kavramların erken yaşlardan itibaren doğru ve yeterli düzeyde yapılandırılmasındaki en önemli faktörlerden birisi öğretmenlerdir. Kavramların kazanılma düzeylerinin belirlenmesi sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının lisans düzeyindeki öğrenmelerinin gelecek yaşamlarında derslere ve günlük yaşama zemin oluşturduğu düşünüldüğünde, kavramları erken dönemde doğru yapılandırmaları hem kendileri hem de öğrencileri açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmayla, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının ilkokul fen bilimleri dersi konularındaki kavramları kazanma düzeyleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma nicel araştırma desenlerinden tarama modeli kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, hazırlanan “Fen Bilimleri Dersi Kavram Formu” ile Orta Anadolu’da yer alan bir devlet üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören ve random yolla seçilen 93 sınıf öğretmen adayına uygulanarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Ölçme aracı ile öğrencilerin kavram bilgilerinin yanında kısa cevaplarının istenmesi kavram yanılgılarının da belirlenebilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyet özelliklerinin fen kavramlarını anlama düzeyleri üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı ve öğretmen adaylarının büyük bir kısmının biyoloji kavramlarını anlama durumlarının düşük düzeyde oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının en zorlandığı üniteler sırasıyla beş duyumuz/besinlerimiz ve elektrikli araçlar/basit elektrik devreleri üniteleri iken, kuvvet ve hareket ünitesinde başarı düzeylerinin en yüksek düzeyde oluştuğu saptanmıştır.
Рецензия на книгу Sablin I. The Rise and Fall of Russia’s Far Eastern Republic, 1905–1922.Nationalisms, Imperialisms, and Regionalisms in and after the Russian Empire
Authors: Богомолов И. К.
Published: January 2021

В рецензии рассматривается монография И. Саблина о возникновении и падении Дальневосточной республики (ДВР). Автор отмечает, что сама идея создания "буферного государства" была уникальной для революционной России, уникальной для большевиков, уникальной для региона. На основании широкого круга источников И. Саблин показывает, как идеологии, с которыми большевики изначально боролись – "левый либерализм", национализм и империализм – позволили им в итоге одержать верх на Дальнем Востоке и окончательно победить в Гражданской войне. The review considers the monograph by Ivan Sablin on the emergence and fall of the Far Eastern Republic (FER). The author notes that the very idea of creating a "buffer state" was unique for revolutionary Russia, unique for the Bolsheviks, unique for the region. Based on a wide range of sources Ivan Sablin shows how the ideologies with which the Bolsheviks initially fought – "left liberalism", nationalism and imperialism – allowed them to ultimately gain the upper hand in the Far East and finally win the Civil War.
A comparative analysis of the corporate culture of foreign and Russian military-industrial complex enterprises
Authors: ZAINULLIN Sergei B. , ZAINULLINA Ol'ga A.
Published: January 2021

Subject. The military-industrial complex is a fundamental industry of the Russian economy. On the one hand, it ensures the national security, and, on the other hand, makes the military-industrial enterprises implement the culture, which is loyal to the State and society, being driven by sanctions and internal factors.
Objectives. We herein conduct the comparative analysis of the corporate culture practices in Russia and leading countries exporting weapons in order to identify applications and concepts that exist in Russia.
Methods. The study relies upon such methods as dialectical, structural analysis, traditional techniques for economic analysis and synthesis, and the modeling method.
Results. We conducted the comparative analysis of the way the corporate culture of military enterprises evolves in Russia. We review global practices of using the model in the largest military corporations, discovered their similarities and differences of the applicable directions and concepts.
Conclusions and Relevance. The human rights protection policy, corruption counteraction policy, discrimination counteraction, protection of information and assets, insider risk counteraction are implemented in a common and versatile manner. These approaches are used by major corporations in the USA, EU, United Kingdom and Russia. In the mean time, the Russian companies do not focus on special rights of minorities and inclusivity, which are so popular in the USA, EU, and the Commonwealth of States.
To possible negative aspects of privatization of the Russian banks
Authors: ZOLOTAREV Evgenii V.
Published: January 2021

Subject. As Russia integrates into the world economy, it needs foreign investment, including the large-scale privatization of public property, especially in the banking sector. In the mean time, the process is coupled with positive effects, posing threats to the national security.
Objectives. The study identifies and evaluates possible challenges and threats to the economic and food security, military capabilities and social tensions at the micro- and macrolevels, since the challenges and threats are associated with adverse effects of the privatization of the Russian credit institutions.
Methods. The study is based on the dialectical method, systems approach, interpretation of empirical data and facts through charts and graphic representation.
Results. I describe credit institutions with the prevalence of the State ownership, point out and analyze their economic and social role in the Russian economy. I reviewed foreign privatization practices in banking, including adverse effects on the economy. The article enlists potential threats to the national security that includes the sensitive data leakage, external governance of national processes, criminalization of administrative agencies, destructive activities of non-residents and failure to achieve economic results desired for the federal budget. I prepared and substantiate proposals on the privatization of banks, including the limit of stock portfolio, which can be sold without a detriment to the national security.
Conclusions and Relevance. The prevailing shareholding of the State in the capital of some banks is importance for the stewardship of economic and social processes nationwide. The privatization should not entail the loss of the national sovereignty.
Regional assessment of aging of the population of Russia
Authors: VASIL'EVA Elena V.
Published: January 2021

Subject. This article examines the particularities of the process of the Russian population aging. Objectives. The article aims to assess the impact of different demographic factors on the aging of the Russian population. Methods. The study is based on the population theory provisions. Results. The article describes varying particularities of the population aging process throughout Russia. Conclusions. The particularities of the Russian regions' population aging should be adequately reflected in management decisions both at the country and regional levels.
Transport factor function in the development of the Siberian region as a Yenisey Siberia comprehensive investment project party: Evidence from the Tyva Republic
Authors: MONGUSH Snezhana P.
Published: January 2021

Subject. This article discusses the issues of transport engineering as one of the priorities of the State. Objectives. The article aims to assess the transport engineering factor effect on the economic development of the area. Methods. For the study, I used the statistical analysis methods, dynamics, comparison, grouping, and analytical methods of information data collection and processing. Results. The article defines transport as one of the main factors influencing the development of the regional economic system. Conclusions. The socio-economic situation of the region against the general background of the country's economic system depends on the state of the region's transportation infrastructure.
Limity ustawowe a zróżnicowanie kosztów kredytu
Authors: Nowak Paweł
Published: January 2021

W związku z rosnącym zadłużeniem społeczeństwa coraz ważniejsze staje się kształtowanie kompetencji konsumentów w zakresie podejmowania decyzji kredytowych. Interesy konsumentów chroni się w ramach różnych celów szczególnych. Należą do nich m.in. ochrona przed ponoszeniem nadmiernych opłat oraz przed ryzkiem utraty zdolności spłaty kredytu. Interwencje regulatora w postaci limitów na odsetkowe i pozaodsetkowe koszty kredytu służą realizacji pierwszego z wymienionych celów. Studia literatury przedmiotu oraz wnioski z przeprowadzonej analizy ofert na kredyt gotówkowy największych banków w Polsce wskazują na zróżnicowane znaczenie regulacji w zakresie ograniczania kosztów kredytu. Stopy oprocentowania kredytu gotówkowego, stosowane przez znaczną liczbę banków objętych badaniem, okazały się zbliżone do maksymalnego poziomu ustawowego, co może oznaczać, iż regulacje stanowią faktyczną barierę chroniącą konsumentów przed ponoszeniem nadmiernych kosztów. Natomiast w odniesieniu do pozaodsetkowych koszów kredytu wysokość opłat okazała się odległa od limitów ustawowych, co oznacza brak faktycznego znaczenia ograniczeń w tym segmencie rynku kredytowo-pożyczkowego. Ponadto, stopień zróżnicowania całkowitych kosztów kredytu w analizowanych ofertach kredytu gotówkowego okazał się wysoki. Oznacza to, że istniejący stan rynku nie chroni konsumentów przed ryzkiem „przepłacenia” za kredyt i nie zwalnia ich z konieczności analizy ofert.
Kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych z uwzględnieniem zasad ekorozwoju wśród uczniów z wykorzystaniem gry PowerPlayer wypracowanej w ramach projektu SUSEN
Authors: Kilar Wioletta , Kurek Sławomir , Rachwał Tomasz , Semczuk Marcin , Świętek Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

Przedsiębiorczość w europejskim systemie edukacji jest postrzegana jako kompetencja kluczowa, której kształtowanie wpływa także na rozwój innych ważnych kompetencji w procesie kształcenia przez całe życie. Dlatego cele kształcenia w zakresie przedsiębiorczości, w szczególności w ramach edukacji szkolnej, są szerokie i nie odnoszą się tylko do wiedzy i umiejętności potrzebnych do założenia i prowadzenia własnej działalności gospodarczej. Jednocześnie jednym z wielkich wyzwań cywilizacyjnych jest realizacja strategii zrównoważonego (ang. sustainable) rozwoju, a edukacja na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju jest jednym z głównych filarów tej strategii. Do tych szczególnych wyzwań edukacyjnych nawiązuje Europejski projekt SUSEN (ang. „Sustainable Entrepreneurship – A Game-Based Exploration for Lower Secondary Schools”, tj. „Zrównoważona przedsiębiorczość – odkrywanie idei z wykorzystaniem gry dla szkół gimnazjalnych”) realizowany przez konsorcjum składające się z partnerów z rożnych krajów europejskich. Przedmiotem pracy są przesłanki realizacji, podstawowe cele i produkty finalne tego projektu, przydatne w edukacji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości i ekorozwoju. Podstawowym celem artykułu jest pokazanie możliwości i zalet zastosowania w praktyce edukacyjnej głównego produktu, którym jest gra dydaktyczna PowerPlayer, oraz ocena jego przydatności w świetle wstępnych wyników pilotażu prowadzonego w polskich szkołach. PowerPlayer to gra planszowa przeznaczona dla uczniów, głownie wieku w wieku 12–15 lat. Narzędzie to łączy w sobie cechy typowe dla gier strategicznych z elementami edukacyjnymi. Gra ma na celu wprowadzenie koncepcji „zrównoważonej” przedsiębiorczości w atrakcyjnej formie dla uczniów ostatniej klasy szkół podstawowych i szkół gimnazjalnych, którzy w jej trakcie podejmują decyzje biznesowe w zakresie wykorzystania źródeł energii. Gra łączy zatem tradycyjne poznawanie treści na lekcji z praktycznymi ćwiczeniami, dzięki czemu uczenie się staje się bardziej efektywne. W ramach pakietu dostarczane są także ciekawe studia przykładowe z życia gospodarczego, pokazujące, jak firmy wiążą w praktyce myślenie biznesowe (nakierowane na efektywność ekonomiczną) z dbałością o środowisko w zakresie wykorzystania źródeł energii. Wstępne wyniki pilotażowe badań w Polsce wskazują na atrakcyjność gry i jej przydatność w praktyce szkolnej.
Wpływ wielkości układów regionalnych na wyniki wyborów na przykładzie symulacji alternatywnej ordynacji
Authors: Łach Jakub Mateusz
Published: January 2021

Wyniki wyborów w Stanach Zjednoczonych z 2016 r. dla wielu Polaków były szokiem, gdyż część osób nie rozumie, na jakiej podstawie Hillary Clinton, która zdobyła więcej głosów w wyborach ogólnych, mogła przegrać walkę o prezydenturę z Donaldem Trumpem. Wytłumaczenie tego jest jednak dość proste – to zasługa elektorskiego systemu wyboru prezydenta i wiceprezydenta USA. W niniejszym artykule autor przedstawia i porównuje obowiązujące prawnie drogi wyboru najwyższych przedstawicieli władz w Polsce i USA. Artykuł oprócz tego, że ma celu na przybliżyć działanie amerykańskiej ordynacji w praktyce, ukazuje możliwości wprowadzenia takiego rozwiązania w Polsce. Praca uwzględnia także symulację takiego systemu wyborczego, powołując się na wyniki prezydenckiej elekcji w Rzeczypospolitej z roku 2015. Niniejszy artykuł akcentuje także skład i ewentualny podział hipotetycznego nowego organu władzy, jakim byłoby Kolegium Elektorów III Rzeczpospolitej. Ponadto w tekście zwrócono uwagę na różne negatywne zjawiska wynikające z możliwości wpływu polityków na ordynacje, przywołując pojęcie gerrymanderingu oraz obrazując je na jednym z przykładów.
Becoming Canadian: Folk Literary Innovation in the Memoirs of Yiddish-Speaking Immigrants to Canada
Authors: Lightstone Vardit
Published: January 2021

This article considers the ways Yiddish-speaking immigrants to Canada creatively adapted folklore that they learned in “the old home” in order to make it fit their new Canadian contexts, and in doing so created new hybrid folklore and identities. To do this, I discuss the autobiographical texts of three people who migrated between 1900 and 1930, J.J. Goodman’s Gezamelte Shriften (Collected Writings) (Winnipeg: 1919), Michael Usiskin’s Oksn un Motorn (Oxen and Tractors) (Toronto: 1945), and Falek Zolf ’s Oyf Fremder Erd (On Foreign Soil) (Winnipeg: 1945). I argue that these personal narratives offer important insights into how the first major wave of Eastern European Jewish immigrants to Canada formed and expressed Canadian-Eastern European Jewish culture.
The Naomi Cook Book: A Narrative of Canadian Jewish Integration
Authors: Trojan Gesa
Published: January 2021

Canadian Jewish integration was a social process that took place in the political sphere, but was also driven by everyday practices such as preparing and consuming food. Despite this, Jewish food history and the history of Canadian Jewish integration have been mostly investigated separately. This essay ties in with the work of Franca Iacovetta et al. and Donna Gabbaccia, who examined ethnic identity politics and food history in Canada and the USA as interrelated fields. To add to this research, this paper examines a Jewish community cookbook as a moment of Jewish-Canadian integration. By analyzing the Naomi Cook Book, published from 1928 to 1960 by Hadassah-WIZO in Toronto, this paper offers the alternative of exploring integration history as a history of everyday life. It argues that the cookbook is more than a recipe collection. By presenting specific ingredients, menus, and advertisements, it is promoting a narrative of Anglophone Canadian Jewish integration to a larger sociocultural frame of North American consumer culture. In doing so, it presents the history of Jewish-Canadian integration not as a linear sequence of steps on a ladder leading to completion, but as a process with both new and recurrent challenges, contradictions, and contestations.
“This Is Who I Would Become”: Russian Jewish Immigrants and Their Encounters with Chabad-Lubavitch in the Greater Toronto Area
Authors: Tapper Joshua
Published: January 2021

Since the early 1970s, the Chabad Lubavitch movement has served as an important setting for religious, social, and cultural activity among Russian-speaking Jewish migrants to Canada and the United States. While scholars and community observers have long recognized the attentiveness of Lubavitch emissaries toward Russian Jews, there is no quantitative data and little qualitative research on Chabad’s influence in the post-Soviet Jewish diaspora. This paper explores the motivations, mechanics, and consequences of this encounter in a Canadian setting, examining how Chabad creates a religious and social space adapted to the unique features of post-Soviet Jewish ethnic and religious identity. Participating in a growing scholarly discussion, this paper moves away from older characterizations of Soviet Jewish identity as thinly constructed and looks to the Chabad space for alternative constructions in which religion and traditionalism play integral roles. This paper draws on oral histories and observational fieldwork from a small qualitative study of a Chabad-run Jewish Russian Community Centre in Toronto, Ontario. It argues that Chabad, which was founded in eighteenth-century Belorussia, is successful among post-Soviet Jews in Canada and elsewhere thanks, in part, to its presentation of the movement as an authentically Russian brand of Judaism—one that grew up in a pre-Soviet Russian context, endured the repressions of the Soviet period, and has since emerged as the dominant Jewish force in the Russian-speaking world. The paper, among the first to examine the religious convictions of Canada’s Russian-speaking Jewish community, reveals that post-Soviet Jews in Toronto gravitate toward Chabad because they view it as a uniquely Russian space.
Cultivating a Jewish Eco- Education Framework: The Toronto Heschel School’s Teaching and Learning Garden
Authors: Nadine Ijaz  , Paige Mawson
Published: January 2021

Over the last century, global food systems have increasingly shifted towards a scientific, input-based industrial paradigm whose adverse ecological impacts are well documented. In response, global agricultural movements, such as the agroecology movement, have sought an integration of contemporary science and indigenous agricultural knowledges. Scholars in the field of Jewish ecology similarly propose that biblical Hebrew scripture may provide a framework for thinking about, and acting upon, issues of ecological sustainability in agriculture. In educational settings too, learning about ecology is increasingly approached in an intimate and tangible way in the form of school garden programs. In this work, we highlight the case of the Toronto Heschel School, a Canadian Jewish day school for children in which a Teaching and Learning Garden fosters student learning on ecology and their Jewish identity in tandem. Reporting the thematic results of qualitative interviews with two educators and five alumni from the Heschel School, this study highlights key similarities and differences between this school’s garden program and those taking place in secular school settings. Like secular school gardens, the Heschel program implements experiential, interdisciplinary learning activities within a scientific ecological knowledge (SEK) framework. That said, the Heschel program supplements and deepens these SEK activities with traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) rooted in Judaic traditional teachings. The resulting educational outcomes appear at once universally applicable while specifically relevant to the Jewish identities of learners.
Jewish Religious Intermarriage in Canada
Authors: Brym Robert , Lenton Rhonda
Published: January 2021

Drawing on secondary literature, this paper first identifies trends in Jewish religious intermarriage in Canada—including variation over time, gender, age and community size. It then critically examines results from the 2018 Survey of Jews in Canada to explore factors associated with intermarriage. Binary logistic regression demonstrates that intermarriage is significantly and independently associated with residing in cities other than Montreal and Toronto, relative youth, male gender, having little Jewish secondary socialization outside the family and having both parents born in Canada. The statistically positive effect of having intermarried parents on children’s likelihood of intermarriage falls if children attend full-time Jewish school and summer camp with Jewish content. The effect disappears if at least one parent is an immigrant. These findings imply that the rising rate of intermarriage can be significantly mitigated if the Jewish community finds the means to increase the proportion of children who undergo intensive Jewish secondary socialization and the proportion of immigrants in the Jewish community. The paper concludes by discussing policies that could facilitate this outcome.

 

En s’appuyant sur la littérature secondaire, cet article identifie d’abord les tendances des mariages interreligieux juifs au Canada, y compris les variations dans le temps, le sexe, l’âge et la taille des communautés. Il examine ensuite de manière critique les résultats de l’enquête de 2018 sur les Juifs au Canada afin d’étudier les facteurs associés aux mariages mixtes. La régression logistique binaire démontre que les mariages mixtes sont associés de manière significative et indépendante à la résidence dans des villes autres que Montréal et Toronto, à la jeunesse relative, au sexe masculin, à une faible socialisation secondaire juive en dehors de la famille et au fait que les deux parents sont nés au Canada. L’effet statistiquement positif du fait d’avoir des parents mariés à des non-Juifs sur la probabilité de mariage mixte diminue si les enfants fréquentent une école juive à temps plein et un camp d’été à contenu juif. L’effet disparait si au moins un des parents est un immigrant. Ces résultats impliquent que le taux croissant de mariages mixtes peut être considérablement atténué si la communauté juive trouve les moyens d’augmenter la proportion d’enfants qui poursuivent une socialisation secondaire juive intensive et la proportion d’immigrants dans la communauté juive. L’article conclut en discutant des politiques qui pourraient faciliter ce résultat.
Time Preference and Religious Affiliation in Canada: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Robitaille Christian
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the author studies the association between religious affiliation and investment income as a proxy for individual rates of time preference, defined as the propensity to sacrifice present satisfaction in the anticipation of increasing future satisfaction. Data from the 2001 Census of the Canadian population is used to look at how religious affiliation is associated with the proportion of income coming from investments (a proxy for past rates of time preference) for individuals of working age (15-64). Two models (OLS and logistic) are used in order to compare by religious affiliation the magnitude of the proportion of income attributable to investments and the propensity to invest. Although there are a few exceptions in terms of cross-regional heterogeneity, individuals of Jewish affiliation tend to receive more investment income (as a proportion of their income) than Protestants, who tend to receive more than Catholics. As for the propensity to obtain any investment income, the results are more nuanced although a similar pattern can be observed. The contribution of this paper is to quantitatively assess the association of religious affiliation with time preference through the use of an investment income variable, an endeavour which has not been undertaken so far and which complements the literature on the economic outcomes of religion and the sociological determinants of time preference.Dans cet article, l’auteur étudie l’association entre l’affiliation religieuse et les revenus d’investissement comme une approximation des taux individuels de préférence temporelle, définie comme la propension à sacrifier la satisfaction présente dans l’attente d’une satisfaction future croissante. Des données du recensement de la population canadienne de 2001 sont examinées pour mesurer comment l’appartenance religieuse est associée à la proportion de revenus provenant d’investissements (une approximation des taux passés de préférence temporelle) pour les personnes en âge de travailler (15-64 ans). Deux modèles (MCO et logistique) sont utilisés afin de comparer par appartenance religieuse l’ampleur de la proportion de revenu attribuable aux investissements et la propension à investir. Bien qu’il y ait quelques exceptions en termes d’hétérogénéité interrégionale, les individus d’affiliation juive ont tendance à recevoir plus de revenus d’investissement (en proportion de leurs revenus) que les Protestants, qui ont tendance à recevoir plus que les Catholiques. En ce qui concerne la propension à obtenir des revenus d’investissement, les résultats sont plus nuancés, bien qu’un schéma similaire puisse être observé. La contribution de ce document est d’évaluer quantitativement l’association entre l’appartenance religieuse et la préférence temporelle en utilisant une variable de revenu d’investissement, un effort qui n’a pas été entrepris jusqu’à présent et qui complète la littérature sur les résultats économiques de la religion et les déterminants sociologiques de la préférence temporelle.
Premature Ovarian Failure and Epilepsy
Authors: Permana Hendra , Rahmi Afriyeni Sri , Muhammad Syamel
Published: January 2021

Premature ovarian failure (POF) or premature menopause refers to development of amenorrhoea due to cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years. The diagnosis is based on elevated FSH levels in menopausal range (usually above 40 IU/l) detected on at least two occasions a few weeks apart. The term â€œepilepsyâ€ defines a group of disorders characterized by an enduring predisposition of the brain to produce seizures. The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis regulation is affected by the abnormal neurophysiology of seizures, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian associated hormones are affected by medications used to treat seizures in women with epilepsy. Ictal and interictal discharges can disrupt the normal activity of brain structures, including the limbic system, amygdala, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland. Management of epilepsy in women requires not only knowledge of epilepsy, but also recognition of the various roles and priorities women have in their lives (education, career development, child rearing, the role as carer within the extended family), and attention to gender-specific issues and their impact on patientsâ€™ wellbeing throughout life.Keywords: premature ovarian failure (POF), epilepsy
Cholinergic receptor blockers affect the protective effect of Angong Niuhuang pill on neurologic deficits and intestinal injury in intracerebral hemorrhage mice
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, Yantai 264005, China, Yang Yunqi , Wang Tian ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, Yantai 264005, China, Yue Shumin ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, Yantai 264005, China, Li Mingan ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, Yantai 264005, China, Zhou Lin ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, Yantai 264005, China, Fu Fenghua ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Yantai, Yantai 264005, China
Published: January 2021

Stroke is a devastating disease, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype. This study aimed to investigate whether cholinergic receptors participate in the process of Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP) improving neurological function and relieving intestinal injury in ICH mice. The mice were treated with ANP, cholinergic receptor blockers, atropine (ATR), penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) or methyllycaconitine (MLA). Male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into 9 groups, Sham, ICH, ANP (0.2 g/kg), ANP plus ATR, ANP plus PHC, ANP plus MLA, ATR, PHC, MLA. ICH model is made by collagenase VII injection (0.075 U). ANP (0.2 g/kg) was administered by gavage after 30 min of ICH. MLA, ATR, PHC was given at 15 min after ICH. Neurological function was evaluated by Garcia test. Intestinal injury was observed by histological analysis. Endotoxin (ET) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared to the Sham group, the score of Garcia test in the ICH significantly decreased. ANP increased significantly the score of ICH mice. ANP also ameliorated the intestinal injury caused by ICH. Cholinergic receptor blockers reversed partially the improvement of neurological function and intestinal injury by ANP. ANP attenuates the neurological deficits and intestinal injury in ICH mice and the protective effect of ANP may be involved in the regulation of the cholinergic system.
Linguistic peculiarities of functionality of authorial commentaries in the English literary text (based on the English-language novel “Sister Carrie” by Theodore Dreiser)
Authors: Sychugova Larisa Alekseevna , Evlasev Aleksandr Petrovich
Published: January 2021

This article is dedicated to examination of verbal means of expression of authorial commentaries in English fiction. The relevance of the selected topic is defined by the fact that the question of characteristics of authorial commentaries remain an insufficiently studied area within the framework of interpretation of a literary work. Such linguists as R. Posner in the “Theory of Commentaries”, I. V. Arnold in the “Stylistics of Decoding”, and N. D. Arutyunova in her work “On the Problems of Structural Linguistics” have been dealing the topic at hand. Examination of the authorial commentaries allows assessing the depth and wholeness of the literary work. The article presents the analysis of linguistic means of functionality of authorial commentaries in the English-language novel “Sister Carrie” by Theodore Dreiser. Authorial commentaries manifest as one of the means for explication of dialogical nature of the literary text. Linguistic means emphasize the expressiveness of authorial commentaries within the framework of progression of a storyline. Most of the authorial commentaries in T. Dreiser's novel “Sister Carry” represent the contrasting contexts, reflected in the development of two thematic lines. To the first theme includes the associative series: beast – nature – the forces of life. The second semantic layer is demonstrated in the line: human – man – free will. Contrasting contexts originate the oppositions not only on the level of meaningful-logical information, but also on the level of subtext.
Use of visualization in mitigating professional stresses of middle-ranking managers
Authors: Byundyugova Tatiana
Published: January 2021

The problem of mitigating stress in the companies gains more relevance, since the amount of complex, problematic situations, changes in external environment significantly increases and impacts performance of the employees and competitiveness of the company. Middle-ranking managers experience severe stress. The complexity of mitigating stress is substantiated by the need for individual approach, which is would change the overall attitude towards a stressful situation. It is also a resource-consuming process from the perspective of time and finances. The optimal method in this regards is the visualization technique, which allows each participant to work through “their personal stress” even in a group format. Examination of visualization as a form of working with the cognitive construct “stress” has proven its effectiveness: the respondents began experiencing less stress, and thus les frustration, anxiety, aggressiveness, and more mental activation, interest, and comfort. The overall attitude towards stress has also changed: it ceased to cause fear, anxiety and negative emotions. It has also become easier for the respondents to handle stress that cannot be omitted. Visualization of the cognitive construct “stress” allowed inscribing in into the internal worldview as a safer one. All of the above resulted in improvement of the work performance, optimization of relations between management and employees. The novelty consists in proving the efficiency of visualization technique for working through negative cognitive constructs in the context of personnel training.