bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fates of nutrient elements and heavy metals during thermal conversion of cattle slurry-derived anaerobic digestates
Authors: Lane Daniel J. , Sippula Olli , Jokiniemi Jorma , Heimonen Mikko , Kinnunen Niko M. , Virkajärvi Perttu , Shurpali Narasinha
Published: December 2024

Thermal processes are emerging as promising solutions to recovering phosphorus and other nutrient elements from anaerobic digestates. The feasibility of nutrient element recovery depends largely on the fates of nutrient elements and heavy metals during thermal processing. This study assesses the partitioning of macronutrients (N, P, K, Na, Ca and Mg) and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, and Mn) between condensed and gaseous phases during thermal conversion of cattle slurry digestates in gas atmospheres of pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification processes. This study also assesses the chemical forms of macronutrients retained in combustion ashes. The partitioning of elements between condensed and gaseous phases was quantified by mass balances based on elemental analyses of char and ash residues. The char and ash residues were prepared in a fixed-bed, batch reactor at temperatures within the range 800–1000 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to identify the chemical forms of macronutrient elements in combustion ashes. Volatilisation of P was low (< 20%) when the digestates were heated in inert and oxidising atmospheres, whereas a reducing atmosphere volatilized P to a major extent (~ 60% at 1000 °C). Oxidising atmospheres increased volatilisation of N but suppressed volatilisation of K, Na, and Zn. Volatilisation of the following elements was low (< 30%) in all investigated operating conditions: Ca, Mg, Mn, and Cu. The combustion ashes contained both high concentrations of P (around 7 w/w%) and acceptable concentrations of regulated heavy metals (Cu, and Zn) for application on agricultural and forest soils in Finland. Phosphorous was retained in the combustion ashes in the form of whitlockite. This form of P is expected to be available to plants when the ashes are added to soil.
Plant food consumption and emotional well-being: the Helsinki Health Study among 19–39-year-old employees
Authors: Mauramo Elina , Lallukka Tea , Kanerva Noora , Salmela Jatta
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives

Associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health have been observed, but studies comparing different types of plant foods are sparse. This study among Finnish municipal employees examined associations of the consumption of a range of different plant foods with emotional well-being (EWB).

Data and methods

We used survey data from the Helsinki Health Study conducted in 2017 among 19–39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (N = 5898, response rate 51.5%, 80% women). Consumption of plant foods, including fruit, berries, fresh and cooked vegetables and wholegrain bread, was measured by a food frequency questionnaire and dichotomised into daily/non-daily consumption. The EWB scale of the RAND-36 questionnaire was dichotomised, with the lowest quartile indicating ‘poor EWB’ and the three higher quartiles indicating ‘good EWB’. We used logistic regression for analysing the associations between plant food consumption and EWB. Analyses were sex-stratified and age, socioeconomic circumstances and psychosocial working conditions were adjusted for.

Results

Prevalence of daily consumption of plant foods varied from 25% for berries and cooked vegetables to 70% for fresh vegetables. Daily consumption was associated with good EWB among both women and men. The strongest age-adjusted association was found for fresh vegetables, with women (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.27–1.74) and men (OR 1.86, CI 1.37–2.52) with daily consumption having clearly higher odds of good EWB compared to non-daily consumers. Associations slightly attenuated but mostly remained after adjusting for socioeconomic circumstances and working conditions.

Conclusions

More frequent plant food consumption was associated with good EWB. Thus, the results support the need for interventions that investigate whether the promotion of plant food consumption could show potential mental health benefits among employees.
Establishment of an oral burn model in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Kim Su-Young , Kim Seong-Gon , Kim Dae-Won , Oh Ji-Hyeon
Published: December 2024

Background

Oral ulcers are painful mucosal lesions prone to infection and inflammation. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatments, a suitable experimental animal model with an appropriate healing period is required. The aim of this study was to develop an animal model for oral ulcer research by comparing oral burn wounds of different sizes and locations in diabetic rats.

Methods

Forty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats with induced diabetes were divided into six groups based on burn wound location and size: T5 (n = 10, tongue 5 mm), T3 (n = 10, tongue 3 mm), P5 (n = 10, palate 5 mm), P3 (n = 10, palate 3 mm), CT (n = 2, control tongue), and CP (n = 2, control palate). The burn wounds were induced by applying a heated device (100–120 °C) for 3 s. At 1- and 2-weeks post-surgery, macroscopic examination, histological staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis were performed to compare the healing progress.

Results

Healing progressed more rapidly in the second week than in the first for all groups, with burns on the tongue (Groups T5 and T3) showing more advanced healing compared to burns on the palate (Groups P5 and P3). By the second week, Group T3 was almost completely healed, while Group T5 had some remaining wounds. In contrast, Groups P5 and P3 showed minimal healing. This faster healing on the tongue was further supported by significantly lower expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and a reduction in ulcer size, particularly on the tongue compared to the palate.

Conclusion

A 3 mm or 5 mm burn wound on the tongue of diabetic rats can serve as a useful animal model for evaluating new treatments for wound healing, particularly up to the first week. However, for studies extending to the second week, the 5 mm burn wound model on the tongue might be more advantageous.
Genetic insights into therapeutic targets for gout: evidence from a multi-omics mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fan Mingyuan , Yun Zhangjun , Yuan Jiushu , Zhang Sai , Xie Hongyan , Lu Dingyi , Yuan Haipo , Gao Hong
Published: December 2024

Background

Considering that the treatment of gout is poor, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gout.

Methods

A drug-targeted MR study was performed for gout by integrating the gout genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data and cis expression quantitative trait loci of 2,633 druggable genes from multiple cohorts. Summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analyses based on transcript and protein levels were further implemented to validate the reliability of the identified potential therapeutic targets for gout. Phenome-wide MR (Phe-MR) analysis was conducted in 1403 diseases to investigate incidental side effects of potential therapeutic targets for gout.

Results

Eight potential therapeutic targets (ALDH3B1, FCGR2B, IL2RB, NRBP1, RCE1, SLC7A7, SUMF1, THBS3) for gout were identified in the discovery cohort using MR analysis. Replication analysis and meta-analysis implemented in the replication cohort validated the robustness of the MR findings (P < 0.05). Evidence from the SMR analysis (P < 0.05) further strengthened the reliability of the 8 potential therapeutic targets for gout also revealed that high levels of ALDH3B1 reduced the gout risk possibly modified by the methylation site cg25402137. SMR analysis (P < 0.05) at the protein level added emphasis on the impact of the risk genes NRBP1 and SUMF1 on gout. Phe-MR analysis indicated significant causality between 7 gout causal genes and 45 diseases.

Conclusion

This study identified several biomarkers associated with gout risk, providing new insights into the etiology of gout and promising targets for the development of therapeutic agents.
In vitro evaluation of the physical characteristics and push-out bond strength of new experimental nano-MTA
Authors: Omar Nada , Aly Yousra , Salem Haidy N.
Published: December 2024

Background

This research assessed two materials to be used as endodontic sealing material. The setting time, pH change, calcium ions release, microhardness and push-out bond strength were compared.

Methods

In this in vitro experimental study, comparison was done between: one commercial perforation repair material MTA Angelus and experimental Nano-MTA. For each material, testing for setting time was done using Vicat apparatus, measurement of pH values was established by pH meter, the discharged calcium ions were measured at 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks post setting via Spectro-photo-meter, three diagonal indentations were created at each specimen surface using Vickers hardness machine. Two groups (n = 10) of maxillary central incisors were used according to the type of root-end filling material. To determine the bond strength, the universal testing apparatus was used. The de-bonded specimens were examined under the stereo-microscope to assess fracture mode.

Results

Nano-MTA and MTA angelus were similar in pH change, setting time and push-out strength records. The nano-MTA group showed significantly higher microhardness and Ca ion release.

Conclusions

Under the parameters of the current investigation, we can conclude that the physical properties of Nano-MTA and commercially available MTA cement (MTA-Angelus) are comparable. Nano-MTA showed higher hardness properties and higher Ca ions release than MTA-Angelus, which could be considered as a potential property to be used as a dentin repair and root-end filling material.
Regional-based potential assessment for solar photovoltaic generation in northern part of Nigeria using satellite imagery data
Authors: Salihu Mohammed K. , Danladi Ali , Medugu D. W.
Published: December 2024

Background

This research used satellite imagery data to conduct a regional-based potential assessment for solar photovoltaic generating in the northern section of Nigeria. The mean annual global solar radiation from satellite image data was calculated and to compare it with meteorological data, the study area’s temperature was ascertained using satellite images. ArcGIS was also used to determine the appropriateness axis for the development of solar photovoltaic stations in the northern part of Nigeria. Photovoltaic technology was utilized to transform the calculated amounts of solar radiation on a global scale into potential electrical energy.

Results

The findings show that the northeast region has the highest annual mean value of global solar radiation (2179.5 kilowatts-hours/square-meter/Year), followed by the northwest region (2137.5 kilowatts-hours/square-meter/Year), and the north central region (1909.6 kilowatts-hours/square-meter/Year). The influence of global solar radiation also caused an increase in temperature. With an area value of 174,886 kilometer-square, the northeast region has the greatest suited axis for the development of solar PV stations, followed by the north central region (145,187 kilometer-square) and the northwest region (127,470 kilometer-square). The greatest photovoltaic technology, single-crystalline silicon (500.5 Gigawatts), is followed by multi-crystalline silicon (462.5 Gigawatts), cadmium-telluride (362.7 Gigawatts), and amorphous-silicon (81.10202.8 Gigawatts), which has the lowest value.

Conclusions

It is discovered that Nigeria’s north receives more solar radiation from the sun than the rest of the country, and that the region has the ability to produce enough electricity to power the entire nation.
Association between BAFF gene polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Qing , Zhang Qin , Ye Dong-Qing
Published: December 2024

Objective

To inquire into the association from BAFF gene promoter -871C > T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) to the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to further discuss the interracial differences through ethnostratified methods.

Methods

All researches exploring the link of BAFF gene promoter-871C > T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with SLE before February 2023 were retrospectively selected, and the allele frequency was calculated by allele counting.

Results

The study amalgamates data from five independent researches, encompassing a total of 514 cases and 605 controls. A statistically significant correlation is observed in the recessive model (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.50–0.82, P < 0.001), as well as in the allelic model (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42–0.95, P = 0.026). However, no statistically significant associations are found in the Dominant model (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.59–1.21, P = 0.352), CC vs. TT (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.47–1.03, P = 0.073), and CT vs. TT (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.71–1.53, P = 0.852). Additionally, both the funnel plot and Begg’s test for publication bias indicate no discernible asymmetry, with all P values exceeding 0.05. This suggests an absence of publication bias in the study.

Conclusion

The correlation between BAFF gene promoter polymorphism-871C > T allele frequency and mutant genotype T and SLE risk was demonstrated, and a stronger correlation was found in the population subgroup analysis compared with non-Asians.
ANFIS robust control application and analysis for load frequency control with nonlinearity
Authors: Kumar Krishna , Das Madhulika , Karn Amrendra Kumar
Published: December 2024

This study investigates and demonstrates the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller performance on a dynamic system with inherent nonlinearity. Here, dynamics of automatic load frequency control is considered under this case. The ANFIS controller is designed, trained, and optimized to regulate the frequency deviation of an isolated power delivery area. The frequency deviation data under a sample disturbance are taken with the desired control effort and are picked to train with five different membership functions. The tuning is carried out by the hybrid method. The ANFIS controller, developed, yields a better result, with less settling time of up to 20 s than the standard disturbance rejection proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller takes. Designed ANFIS performs very robustly considering variations in inertia and damping. All the experimental setup is built under a MATLAB Simulink environment.
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Followed by Surgery Compared with Upfront Surgery Alone in Operable Colon Cancer with Deficient Mismatch Repair: Modeling Oncological Outcomes and Numbers Needed to Treat
Authors: Kanani Arezo , Veen Torhild , Lea Dordi , Zaharia Claudia , Watson Martin , Alexeeva Marina , Thorsen Kenneth , Søreide Kjetil
Published: December 2024

Background

Trials on neoadjuvant immunotherapy in operable colon cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) reported high pathological response rates in the surgical specimen, but long-term survival is not known. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy as a stand-alone therapy without subsequent radical surgery is currently not investigated in colon cancer.

Objective

The aim of this study was to model outcomes between trial data and real-world patients after surgery.

Methods

We conducted a comparative modeling study between prospective trial data (NICHE-1) and a prospective, population-derived, translational cohort study (ACROBATICC) of patients with operable colon cancer and microsatellite instability (MSI) status. Comparison was performed across immune-cell infiltrates, stages, MSI, and patient demographics for adverse events, reported oncological outcomes, and modeling numbers needed to treat (NNT) to prevent recurrence.

Results

Patient characteristics between the dMMR tumors in the NICHE-1 (n = 21) and ACROBATICC (n = 43) cohorts differed, with older patients and fewer hereditary dMMRs in the ‘real-life’ ACROBATICC cohort. Higher expression of CD8+ in dMMR tumors compared with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) tumors was statistically significant across both cohorts. At long-term follow-up, 2/43 patients with dMMR had died from recurrent colon cancer in the ACROBATICC cohort. Assuming a curative effect of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in addition to surgery in dMMR tumors, the NNT would be >20 patients for any additional survivor.

Conclusion

In unselected patients with colon cancer having dMMR, recurrence risk is very low after surgery. Assuming a curative effect of neoadjuvant immunotherapy beyond surgery alone, the NNT would be at least 20 patients to prevent one cancer death over surgery alone.
Alternating Aerobics with Resistance Exercise Improves Bone Density and Circulating Irisin Levels in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Chen Mingxian , Zhang Yuan , Yu Xinkai , Zuo Qun
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Irisin plays an important role in bone-muscle crosstalk. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of long-term exercise induced irisin response with body composition and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Methods

We recruited 29 postmenopausal women (age: 62.67 ± 3.9 years) without regular exercise habits to participate in a 24-week program of alternating aerobic and resistance training exercise. Blood samples, body composition and bone mineral density were measured before and after exercise intervention.

Results

Upper and lower limb bone density (P = 0.004, P = 0.039), calf circumference (P = 0.001), circulating levels of irisin (P = 0.003) and osteocalcin (P < 0.001) increased by exercise. Whereas, waist circumference (P = 0.000), blood osteoprotegerin (OPG) (P = 0.041), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) (P < 0.001), RANKL/OPG ratio (P < 0.001) and estradiol levels (P = 0.003) decreased by training, respectively. According to the observed changes in the measured variables, the irisin circulating levels were significantly and separately related to upper limb BMD (r = 0.462, P = 0.006), lower limb BMD (r = 0.566, P = 0.001), total BMD (r = 0.490, P = 0.008) and T score of DAX (r = 0.489, P = 0.010). The increase in serum irisin levels was found to be positively and separately related to upper limb BMD (r = 0.414, P = 0.026), total BMD (r = 0.453, P = 0.014), calf circumference (r = 0.400, P = 0.031), and ASM/height2 (r = 0.309, P = 0.031) improvements.

Conclusions

Long-term alternating exercise training improves bone density, body composition and circulating irisin levels in postmenopausal women, and irisin would mediate bone-muscle crosstalk to exert positive effect of exercise on bone health in postmenopausal women.
Price Floors and Employer Preferences: Evidence from a Minimum Wage Experiment
Authors: Horton John J.
Published: December 2024

Firms posting job openings in an online labor market were randomly assigned minimum hourly wages. When facing a minimum wage, fewer firms hired, but those they did hire paid higher wages. Hoursworked fell substantially. Treated firms shifted to hiring more productive workers. Using the platform's imposition of a market-wide minimum wage after the experiment, I find that many of the experimental results also hold in equilibrium, including the substitution towards more productive workers. However, there was also a large reduction in the number of jobs posted for which the minimum wage would likely bind. (JEL J22, J23, J31, J38)
In Harm's Way? Infrastructure Investments and the Persistence of Coastal Cities
Authors: Balboni Clare
Published: December 2024

Coasts contain a disproportionate share of the world's population, reflecting historical advantages, but environmental change threatens a reversal of coastal fortune in the coming decades as natural disasters intensify and sea levels rise. This paper considers whether large infrastructure investments should continue to favor coastal areas. I estimate a dynamic spatial equilibrium framework using detailed geo-referenced data on road investments in Vietnam from 2000 to 2010 and find evidence that coastal favoritism has significant costs. The results highlight the importance of accounting for the dynamic effects of environmental change in deciding where to allocate infrastructure today. (JEL H54, O18, P25, Q54, R11, R42, R58)
Universalism: Global Evidence
Authors: Cappelen Alexander W. , Enke Benjamin , Tungodden Bertil
Published: December 2024

This paper leverages nationally representative surveys across 60 countries and 64,000 respondents to present novel stylized facts about the relationship-specific nature of altruism. Across individuals, universalist preferences systematically vary with demographics such as age and religiosity and are predictive of many left-wing political views, albeit in culturally highly heterogeneous ways. Across countries, universalism is strongly linked to a broader radius of trust. Looking at origins, universalism varies with the economic, political, and religious organization of societies in ways that are consistent with the idea that the scope of altruism is partly shaped by economic incentives and democracy. (JEL D12, D64, D72, Z12, Z13)
Evolution of hemostatic tourniquet and emergency care for massive bleeding from limb vessels
Authors: Khramtsov D. , Salenko D.
Published: December 2024

The review is devoted to the problem of providing emergency care for injuries of limb vessels using tourniquets. The development of various types of tourniquets in the historical aspect, the risk of complications with improper use of tourniquets are analyzed. Aspects of training medical personnel in emergency situations, humanitarian disasters, and large-scale war are discussed.
The Kosciuszko Foundation, Its Alumni and American Studies: The Purpose of the Special Volume
Authors: Napierała Paulina
Published: December 2024

The text explains the idea behind publishing a special issue of “Ad Americam. Journal of American Studies” dedicated to the Kosciuszko Foundation. It also discusses the role that the Foundation has played for Polish scholars, and focuses on its contribution to the continuous development of the field of American studies through the grants awarded to researchers specializing in American affairs. The text additionally discusses the initiatives undertaken by the Kosciuszko Foundation Alumni in order to promote the Foundation’s ideas, programs and knowledge acquired by its former grantees. The final section briefly presents the authors contributing to the volume and their research.
Generous Virtues
Authors: Jarczewski Dominik
Published: December 2024

The classical Virtue Epistemology, one of the most interesting contributions of late 20th century American philosophy, proposed to analyze knowledge and epistemic evaluation in general in terms of intellectual virtues. In this approach, these virtues were understood as faculties or personal traits that contribute to the production of knowledge and other epistemic goods. However, the value of some plausible candidates for intellectual virtues, which can be called “generous virtues,” cannot be explained in those terms. This paper proposes a novel account of the general value of intellectual virtues that includes other‑regarding ones. To that end, it considers three strategies of socialization of Virtue Epistemology, and proposes original solution: Epistemic Social Environmentalism.
Martin Luther King Jr.’s Theological Evolution and the Impact of the (Black) Social Gospel on His Political Views
Authors: Napierała Paulina
Published: December 2024

The aim of this article is to analyze Martin Luther King Jr.’s theological evolution and to present theological ideas that influenced his political views, paying special attention to the (Black) social gospel. The article also provides an overview of the academic debate among King scholars who differ in opinions on the importance of various elements of his theological outlook and their influence on his activism. Referring to Gary Dorrien’s definition and analysis of the influence of the Black social gospel, a tradition of the Black Church that was often omitted in earlier analyses, I will discuss his contribution to this debate.
Polish Pioneer Communities in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Praszałowicz Dorota
Published: December 2024

The article explores four pioneer Polish American communities in Washington State: Pe Ell, Wilkeson, Aberdeen and Enumclaw. These small towns thrived on timber industry (Pe Ell, Aberdeen), coal mining (Wilkeson) and farming (Enumclaw). In each location, Poles established a lodge of the Polish National Alliance, and in three of these communities,they successfully opened a Polish Hall. In addition, they contributed to founding a Roman Catholic church in each town and successfully advocated for a Polish‑speaking pastorate. In Pe Ell, they also established and maintain the Holy Cross parish of the schismaticPolish National Catholic Church for many decades (1916‑1970). By presenting this information, the article aims to shed light on a lesser‑known aspect of Polish diaspora history in the United States.
Much More Than an Image
Authors: Gdowik Żaneta , Plewa Karolina
Published: December 2024

This essay explores the concept of nation branding and its importance in shaping a country’s image and reputation on the global stage. It discusses this concept using the example of two Latin American countries, Peru, and Mexico. As nations increasingly compete on the global arena, branding strategies have become essential for projecting a positive image that attracts investment, tourism, and international recognition. Moreover, nation branding is steadily growing in importance and more and more countries around the world are devoting resources to developing their nation brand. By exploring the cases of Peru and Mexico, this study shows the components of nation branding in practice. In addition, the essay discusses the potential benefits of implementing a nation branding strategy, especially in an increasingly connected and competitive world. This paper aims to shed light on the complexities of nation branding and encourages a critical examination of the strategies used by countries in defining their national identity on the global stage.
Risks of Using Artificial Intelligence in Creating the Image of Politicians and in Electoral Campaigns
Authors: Jańczuk Helena
Published: December 2024

In the light of the rapid development of advanced technologies in recent years, many questions have been raised about the future application of available technological solutions in various spheres of life, including politics. An important issue that should be discussed in this field concerns the risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in creating the public image of politicians and in electoral campaigns. This paper is based on the concept of eroded epistemics, which is a part of Existential Risk Analysis for AI research. Using the AI Safety Research perspectives of monitoring and systemic safety, it examines the potential risks of using AI in politics and ways to minimize them. The analysis is based on the examples of actions of American politicians. Firstly, the threats of using deepfake technology in creating and manipulating the image of politicians such as Nancy Pelosi, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump, are presented. The second part of the paper discusses user profiling and microtargeting strategies and how they may form opinions and influence voters’ decisions. Finally, examples of present‑day solutions that are being developed to combat these risks are described.
Józef Młot-Mróz
Authors: Sobczak Matylda
Published: December 2024

Józef Młot‑Mróz, a Polish refugee living in Salem, Massachusetts, was an anti‑communist, an anti‑Semite, and a right‑wing extremist. His political activity was frequent and varied, and he is thought to have participated in hundreds of demonstrations and distributed over a million copies of a hate sheet he regularly edited. He considered himself a one‑man crusader against communism, and as such was a frequent counter‑protester to many progressive and left‑wing initiatives. As the founder and only president of the Anti‑Communist Confederation of Polish Freedom Fighters, Młot‑Mróz often used the organization as a mouthpiece for his own views. His obsession with fighting “Jewish‑Communism” was heavily influenced by the notion of the “Jewish conspiracy” and other common anti‑Semitic tropes. This made his activity somewhat of a concern for Jewish Americans in New England. Due to the erratic nature of his behavior, he received noticeable press coverage in various parts of the U.S., especially in the Greater Boston area, where he became quite recognizable. He was not recognized by the wider Polish American community, which suggests a lack of support for extremist ideas within that ethnic group during the Cold War.
Skąd rozbieżności znaczeniowe pomiędzy przekładami Biblii hebrajskiej?
Authors: Piela Marek
Published: December 2024

WHAT ARE THE REASONS FOR DIFFERENCES IN MEANING BETWEEN HEBREW BIBLE TRANSLATIONS?There are differences in meaning between Hebrew Bible translations and their reason is twofold. 1. Differences resulting from doubtful meaning or doubtful form of the source text are limited in number but they can be remarkably deep. They appear when: a. the source text is obscure and translators can only guess its meaning. b. Several different versions of the Hebrew text has been preserved and each translator can chose one of them to make it a base for his rendering. c. The source text has been recently reinterpreted in a significant way, but still some translators follow its older interpretation. 2. Differences resulting from disparate “translation strategies” are more numerous but less significant, provided that the translations compared are based on the same interpretation of the source text. The Biblical passages discussed in the paper are Genesis 4:7; 47:21; Exodus 3:14; Leviticus 19:18; Psalms 2:11-12; 89:20; 137:5 and Isaiah 9:19.
The Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Benevolent Childhood Experiences, and Community Integration on Resilience in Psychiatric Outpatients
Authors: Hong Keum Ran , Lee Hye Kyung
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of adverse childhood experiences, positive childhood experiences, and community integration on resilience in psychiatric outpatients. Methods: The study subjects were 166 psychiatric outpatients in one general hospital in South Korea who were diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, or depression disorder. The collected data were analyzed with the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, using the SPSS/WIN 24 program. Results: There were statistically significant differences in resilience in psychiatric outpatients according to age, religion, occupation, type of household, type of diagnosed disorder. In psychiatric outpatients, resilience showed a significant positive correlation with benevolent childhood experiences and community integration, but had a negative correlation with adverse childhood experiences. Multiple regression analysis for resilience in psychiatric outpatients revealed that the significant factors affecting resilience were community integration, benevolent childhood experiences, adverse childhood experiences, housing facilities (type of household), ages 40-49, and living alone (type of household). These factors explained 52.2% of the variance. Conclusion: In order to improve the resilience of mentally ill people, a campaign is needed to increase the accessibility of community participation programs in mental health services for community integration and to publicize the influence of benevolent childhood experiences and adverse childhood experiences. Furthermore, it is necessary to identify individual factors such as residence type and age of mentally ill people, build a customized support system by considering their specific needs, and develop intervention programs to strengthen resilience.
Association between Hearing Difficulty, Masticatory Difficulty, and Risk of Cognitive Impairment: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging Data (2006-2020)
Authors: Choi Sook Hee , Kim Yun Hee
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the association between hearing difficulty, masticatory difficulty, and cognitive impairment using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Methods: This secondary data analysis included 6939 Korean adults aged 45 or older with no cognitive impairment at baseline. Self-reported questionnaires measured hearing and masticatory difficulty, and cognitive impairment were assessed using the Korea Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). Cox models were used to estimate the risk of cognitive impairment associated with the coexistence of hearing and masticatory difficulty.Results: People who coexisted with hearing and masticatory difficulty were 2.4%. The incidence rate of cognitive impairment was 37.7% for the study sample and higher in females than males. Compared to people without hearing and masticatory difficulty, the total study sample with the coexistence of hearing and masticatory difficulty had a higher risk of cognitive impairment (HR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03–1.56), females with the coexistence of hearing and masticatory difficulty had a greater risk of cognitive impairment (HR :1.52 95% CI: 1.11–2.09). Conclusion: Coexistence of hearing and masticatory difficulty increased females' cognitive impairment risk. It is recommended to check hearing and masticatory function in a timely, which may be effective in detecting individuals at high risk of cognitive impairment.
Digital Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among Older Adults Living Alone in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hwang Minhwa , Kim Gahye , Lee Seonghyeon , Park Yeon-Hwan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the level of digital health literacy and identify factors associated with digital health literacy among older adults living alone in South Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 older adults aged 65 and above who live alone. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric methods were used to explore the relationship between digital health literacy and independent variables. A generalized linear model was used to identify factors associated with digital health literacy. Results: Among 140 smartphone-owning older adults living alone, 52.1% were using the Internet via digital devices, and the participants’ average digital health literacy score was 6.64±7.46. Univariate analysis results showed significant differences in digital health literacy according to age, education level, and multimorbidity. The factors associated with digital health literacy were identified as gender (B=−0.36, p=.031), age (B=−0.06, p<.001), education level (B=0.12, p<.001), and sleep problems (B=−0.06, p=.006). Conclusion: Despite widespread Internet and smartphone use, older adults living alone with chronic diseases showed low levels of digital health literacy, which were significantly associated with gender, age, education level, and sleep problems. Enhancing digital health literacy among vulnerable populations is crucial for the effective implementation of digital health services. Collaborative efforts, including tailored digital health interventions to enhance the digital health literacy of vulnerable populations and supportive policies, are essential to bridge the digital divide and promote health equity.
Inference and Impact of Category Captaincy
Authors: Zhu Xinrong
Published: December 2024

This paper studies category captaincy, a vertical relationship where retailers delegate shelf placement and pricing decisions of an entire product category to one of the leading manufacturers within that category. These contracts involve preferential treatment given to certain brands within the retailer. However, they are confidential, and empirical analysis has been limited. To study the prevalence and welfare impact of these contracts, I develop a novel approach to infer the presence of captaincy contracts based on preferential treatment in shelf placement and pricing. I first classify retailers into different captaincy types based on a brand × retailer specific quality of shelf placement inferred from a demand model. I then conduct pricing tests and find that captains, in line with theoretical predictions and industry anecdotes, eliminate double markups from their own products but not from competitor products. Comparative statics show that captaincy relationships increase the market share of the captain, but they can also increase consumer welfare by about 5% due to the elimination of double markups on the captain’s products.

This paper was accepted by Raphael Thomadsen, marketing.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02039 .
Upaya Mendukung Kegiatan Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi melalui Penyelenggaraan Seri Workshop Bidang Sistem Otonom
Authors: Bilfaqih Yusuf , Sahal Mochammad , Hidayat Zulkifli , Gamayanti Nurlita , Mileanasari Fadhilah
Published: December 2024

Sistem otonom merupakan sistem yang beroperasi tanpa campur tangan manusia dengan memanfaatkan kecerdasan buatan. Perkembangan sistem otonom sangat pesat pada beberapa dekade terakhir dimana negara kita cukup tertinggal. Oleh karena itu, menjadi kewajiban bagi kalangan akademisi untuk mengejar ketertinggalan tersebut melalui program tridharma perguruan tinggi, meliputi kegiatan pendidikan, penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Program pengabdian ini menawarkan suatu pendekatan dalam upaya mendukung kegiatan pendidikan, penelitian dan pengabdian melalui penyelenggaraan seri workshop terkait topik sistem otonom. Untuk mengejar ketertinggalan tersebut, kegiatan utama program pengabdian ini berupa seri workshop dengan topik Sensor Fusion dan topik Pemodelan, Pemanduan dan Pengendalian Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV). Workshop diikuti oleh dosen dan mahasiswa yang berasal dari Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) dan perguruan tinggi di Jawa Timur serta kalangan industri, antara lain dari PT Infoglobal. Kajian terhadap hasil survei menunjukkan lebih dari 95% dari 141 peserta yang mengisi kuesioner, dari total 159 peserta yang mengikuti workshop, menilai workshop telah dijalankan dengan baik atau memuaskan. Workshop ini telah membekali peserta dengan kemampuan teoritis dan praktis untuk mengintegrasikan data yang berasal dari multisensor, pemodelan, pemanduan serta pengendalian sistem otonom. Kemampuan ini mendukung proses belajar-mengajar, penelitian, dan pemanfaatan/ pengabdian yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa, dosen dan kalangan industri. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan keberhasilan mendukung kegiatan penelitian dan pendidikan di laboratorium Sistem dan Sibernetika hingga menghasilkan luaran berupa dua modul workshop, sebuah buku diterbitkan, enam sertifikat HKI dan sebuah naskah yang dipublikasikan.
Perancangan Sistem Pompa Air Terintegrasi On-grid Photovoltaic dan Elektrifikasi Area Persawahan guna Mengurangi Biaya Irigasi Pada Kelompok Tani "Karya Tani" Kediri, Jawa Timur
Authors: Pamuji Feby Agung , Suryoatmojo Heri , Riawan Dedet Candra , Soedibyo Soedibyo , Ashari Mochamad
Published: December 2024

Indonesia, sebagai salah satu negara agraris terbesar di Asia Tenggara, memiliki ekonomi yang didominasi oleh sektor pertanian. Mayoritas penduduk, terutama di pedesaan, bergantung pada pertanian dengan komoditas utama seperti padi, kelapa sawit, karet, kopi, teh, dan rempah-rempah. Ekspor pertanian memainkan peran penting dalam perekonomian nasional, dengan ekspor meningkat 33,76% pada Mei 2023. Jawa Timur adalah provinsi dengan produksi beras terbesar, menghasilkan 5,53 juta ton pada tahun 2023. Di Kecamatan Mojoroto, Kediri, penggunaan pompa air listrik dengan bantuan panel surya diusulkan untuk menggantikan mesin diesel yang mahal, sekaligusn mendukung energi terbarukan yang bersih dan murah. Hasil dari penerapan ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi pompa air berbasis energi terbarukan berhasil dipasang dan dioperasikan dengan baik. Para petani merasakan manfaat langsung berupa pengurangan biaya operasional dan peningkatan efisiensi dalam irigasi sawah. Selain itu, teknologi ini juga mendukung upaya penggunaan energi bersih yang lebih ramah lingkungan, sejalan dengan agenda pembangunan berkelanjutan di sektor pertanian.
Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna Menggunakan Drone dilengkapi Sistem Penyemprotan Pestisida dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Produktivitas Kelompok Petani Padi di Desa Krogowanan Magelang
Authors: Soeprijanto Adi , Penangsang Ontoseno , Wibowo Rony Seto , Aryani Ni Ketut , Putra Dimas Fajar Uman
Published: December 2024

Provinsi Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan angka pertumbuhan pertanian yang sangat tinggi, tidak terkecuali Kabupaten Magelang. Sensus Pertanian tahap I 2023 (ST2023) yang merupakan agenda rutin setiap 10 tahun sekali (pada tahun berakhiran angka 3) menunjukkan jumlah petani di level rumah tangga di Magelang meningkat hampir 100%. Selain itu, kontribusi pertanian juga mencapai angka 12,4% terhadap produk domestik bruto (PDB) berdasarkan harga berlaku (ADHB) dan juga menyerap tenaga kerja hingga 27%. Kabupaten Magelang menjadi salah satu kabupaten dengan produksi padi yang melimpah bahkan melebihi target, menjadikannya daerah dengan produksi padi tertinggi di Jawa Tengah. Desa Krogowanan, merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Sawangan, Kabupaten Magelang yang memiliki pengembangan komoditas padi terbesar dengan luas lahan sawah mencapai 1756 Ha. Namun, sebagian besar petani padi di Desa Krogowanan masih menerapkan polatanam-monokultur dan belum memanfaatkan teknologi secara optimal. Masih banyak petani yang kurang familiar terkait teknologi yang dapat mereka gunakan untuk membantu mengelola lahan pertanian. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Agriculture Multicopter Drone serta mengenalkan inovasi smart farming, drone tersebut nantinya akan dilengkapi dengan alat semprot pestisida. Selain itu, drone ini juga dirancang untuk mempermudah para petani melakukan monitoring dan controlling pada lahan sawah yang sedang dikerjakan.
Peningkatan Kewaspadaan Resistensi Antibiotik pada Kader Surabaya Hebat (KSH) di Kecamatan Sukolilo
Authors: Eljatin Dwinka Syafira , Haykal Muhammad Nazhif , Susilo Imam , Wibawa Adhi Dharma , Sakina Sakina , Fadli Sonny , Njoto Edwin Nugroho , Karimah Rumman , Putra Gumilar Fardhani Ami , Ridhoi Ahmad , Indriastuti Endah , Putri Atina Irani Wira , Fitriani Fatimah Nur , Indriani Ratri Dwi , Hedianto Tri , Rangkuti Rahmah Yasinta , Siswanto Putri Alief , Syulthoni Zain Budi , Pamungkas Yuri , Hidayah Rizka Nurul , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Parlindungan Putra Gelar
Published: December 2024

Resistensi antibiotik yang semakin mengkhawatirkan membutuhkan upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dalam pencegahannya. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat di kawasan Keputih, Kota Surabaya dalam pencegahan resistensi antibiotik melalui penyuluhan kesehatan dengan pemanfaatan media pembelajaran. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Keputih, Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kota Surabaya dengan tim pelaksana dosen, tenaga kependidikan, dan mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan ITS. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan kesehatan, demonstrasi, dan diskusi interaktif dengan memanfaatkan media pembelajaran seperti video edukasi, poster, dan buku saku. Hasil menunjukkan kegiatan penyuluhan berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dalam pencegahan resistensi antibiotik secara signifikan. Masyarakat juga menunjukkan antusiasme dan partisipasi yang tinggi. Simpulannya, penyuluhan kesehatan dengan pemanfaatan media pembelajaran efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat di kawasan Keputih, Kota Surabaya dalam pencegahan resistensi antibiotik. Kegiatan ini dapat menjadi model dalam upaya meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terkait masalah resistensi antibiotik.
PV On-Grid sebagai Sumber Listrik untuk Mesin Pencacah Sampah Organik di TPS-3R Madirejo Bersatu Malang
Authors: Suryoatmojo Heri , Pamuji Feby Agung , Riawan Dedet Candra , Ashari Mochamad
Published: December 2024

Sampah masih menjadi masalah yang besar selama bertahun tahun di Indonesia. Sampah yang terbuang didominasi oleh sampah organik, yaitu sisa makanan seperti sayur dan buah, ranting, kayu, dengan persentase 57\%. Walaupun terbuat dari bahan organik, sampah ini memiliki dampak buruk apabila dibiarkan. Sampah organik dapat mencemari air dan mengganggu kehidupan makhluk hidup. Akan tetapi, apabila diolah menjadi pupuk, sampah organik bisa menjadi komoditas yang besar di Indonesia, khususnya bagi daerah sekitar bank sampah, TPS 3R, dan tempat pengelolaan sampah lainnya. Hal itu juga didukung oleh kebutuhan pupuk kompos yang banyak oleh petani sekitar. Salah satu tempat pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia adalah TPS 3R Madiredo Bersatu. Setiap bulan, produksi pupuk kompos yang dihasilkan adalah 750 kg sampai 1 ton. Dengan jumlah tersebut dan hanya dilakukan oleh 2 pekerja, pekerjaan tersebut terasa berat. Dibutuhkan alat yang dapat membantu dan mempermudah pekerjaan tersebut, baik dari segi waktu maupun tenaga. Dirancanglah inovasi mesin pencacah sampah organik dengan PV sebagai sumber energi. Pemasangan PV akan menghemat listrik bulanan yang dikonsumsi untuk operasi mesin tersebut. Penggunaan PV juga dapat mendukung akselerasi penggunaan energi baru terbarukan guna mewujudkan energi yang bersih dan murah di kalangan masyarakat. Inovasi alat ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan kepada masyarakat mengenai penerapan energi baru terbarukan dan membantu pengelola TPS 3R mengelola sampah organik yang ditampung, dan mengurangi biaya pengeluaran akibat mesin pencacah sampah.
Pengembangan Media Virtual Tour 3D Interaktif sebagai Wahana Promosi Edupreneur Pesantren Teknologi
Authors: Ardianto Okta Putra Setio , Ardiantono Dewie Saktia , Wardhana Mahendra , Kristianto Thomas Ari , Rucitra Anggra Ayu , Budianto Caesario Ari , Sabiela Yaritsa Husni , Sopian Usep , Khairunnisa Nisrina , Ramadhan Ken Nayyara Azkhira , Anjar Byanca Putri , At-Taqi Abdul Muta'ali Muharik
Published: December 2024

Pesantren teknologi merupakan salah satu bentuk dari inovasi dalam dunia pendidikan islam yang berhasil memadukan nila-nilai agama dengan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi sehingga menjadikannya model pembelajaran yang relevan dengan zaman. Meskipun berpotensi besar, pesantren teknologi masih kurang dikenal oleh masyarakat luas. Dengan memanfaatkan dan mengembangkan media virtual tour 3D interaktif sebagai sarana promosi diharapkan dapat membantu mengenalkan pesantren teknologi kepada masyarakat secara menarik dan interaktif. Media virtual tour ini dikembangkan menggunakan aplikasi 360° VR Tour Builder yang memberikan pengalaman kepada penggunanya dalam menjelajahi lingkungan pesantren secara virtual. Tahapan awal yang dilakukan adalah melakukan riset dan pengumpulan data  melalui pengambilan gambar dari setiap area melalui perangkat kamera 360° serta melakukan scanning dan mapping area melalui piloted drone. Tahapan selanjutnya merupakan import gambar dan video 360° ke dalam  software 360° VR Tour Builder yang dilanjutkan dengan penempatan hotspot interaktif, penambahan informasi setiap lokasi, dan pembuatan peta navigasi. Tahapan akhir adalah integrasi virtual tour ke dalam platform website dengan melakukan pengujian ke berbagai perangkat (desktop, tablet, dan smartphone) untuk memastikan pengalaman optimal bagi pengguna. Pendekatan ini diharapkan para pengelola pesantren dapat memanfaatkannya untuk promosi yang efektif serta dapat meningkatkan visibilitas dan citra pesantren teknologi sebagai lembaga pendidikan islam yang modern dan berkualitas.