bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
188 Community Simulation Program Designed to Improve Recognition of The Deteriorating Patient and Escalation of Care Pathways
Authors: Baker Katy , Hester Ben , Wilson Esther , Richards Pippa , Coombes Jennifer , Vast Sarah , Newton Stephanie , Duzy Ashley
Published: January 2022

This abstract looks at how we implemented physical health simulations within community hospitals in late 2020 and more recently physical health simulation in mental health units.

The objectives of these simulations were to improve the recognition of deteriorating patients and the appropriate escalation and/or transfer of care as well as ‘identifying latent errors through simulation’

We have run simulations in the community since October 2020 and in the mental health units in February 2021. These sessions have covered four main themes:

Sepsis

Hypoglycaemia

Anaphylaxis

Opioid overdose

These sessions were taken from pre-existing incidents such as the hypoglycaemic relative and anaphylaxis. We also added opioid overdose as this topic is relevant to both mental health units and community hospitals. We delivered a package of four simulations across 1 month at each unit. This allowed for a different simulation each week, regular learning outcomes and wider opportunity of contact with the staff working within these areas. These sessions were always well attended with staff even committing to learning on days off. This level of commitment shows a real desire to improve not only their own knowledge but also patient safety. We engaged over 50 staff on 9 separate sites (five community hospitals, four mental health wards). Staff have been very engaging and have really got behind these simulation sessions as well as the ward managers. By engaging both mental and physical health, it has helped to provide a wider audience of staff and helped to gain a parity of esteem across the trust in the provision of safety training and simulation. We have also identified a number of latent errors such as non-standardized provision of anaphylaxis adrenalin across the trust, staff unfamiliar with resuscitation equipment bags and equipment location within and identifying the lack of Glucagon within a Hypo box.

The data collected from these sessions have shown a growth in confidence in identifying deteriorating patients and how to correctly implement and use escalation tools such as the sepsis pathway, electronic observations (E-Obs), anaphylaxis algorithms and the SBAR communication tool.

These simulations have really allowed us to bridge the gap between the acute and community site, allowing for a greater parity of esteem for all patients. Further steps in this program will be delivering mental health simulations to all mental health units and community hospitals to further bridge the learning between physical health and mental health.
48 Use of Simulation to Introduce Delivery Room Cuddles as Standard Practice in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Aguirre Diana , Henderson Amy , Cornes Helen , Holder Gemma , Fernandez Cecilia Perez , Cawsey Emma
Published: January 2022

Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) was introduced in the 1970s to keep premature babies warm after birth. There has been growing evidence of multiple benefits including physiological autoregulation, reduced stress, positive attachment, enhanced neurocognitive development, breastfeeding and psychological well-being. Delivery Room Cuddles (DRC) was introduced 15 years ago in Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals as an extension of KMC. Other units have since reported the successful introduction of the process

The aim of the study was to safely introduce DRC as standard practice in our NICU.

We obtained feedback on parental and staff experience with DRC. A Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (

FMEA

Before implementation, 54 medical and nursing staff completed the survey, rating statements on confidence from 1 ‘strongly disagree’ to 5 ‘strongly agree’. Confidence was higher in non-intubated infants 32–34 weeks’ gestation (33/54 rated 5) and lowest in intubated infants <27 weeks’ gestation (10/54 rated 5). Staff reported anxieties around equipment failure, delaying care and adverse events. Thirty-nine parents completed the questionnaire. Thirty-four babies were born locally. Only five babies had DRC, of which four had no respiratory support. Time to first skin-to-skin contact ranged from 2 hours to 17 days (mean of 5 days). DRC is becoming routine practice in our NICU with no adverse events to date. Anecdotally staff and parents report great satisfaction with DRC, although formal outcome assessment is outstanding. Introducing DRC is feasible with adequate process planning and staff training using video simulation and workshops. DRC is cherished by families, rewarding for staff and sets infants up for a positive start in the neonatal journey. With examples of successful DRC practice and emerging safety outcome data, DRC is likely to become routine practice. Using this model of process design and training, other units will also be able to safely introduce DRC.
197 Maintaining Surgical Skills Through Small-Group Simulation During COVID-19 [Quality Improvement Project]
Authors: Kulkarni Shreya
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 Pandemic has had a significant disruption to the provision of Surgical Training. Core and Improving Surgical Trainees (CSTs and ISTs) are noted to be a group profoundly affected due to the impact of the pandemic in reducing operative time, cancelled elective procedures and redeployment to other specialities

We aimed to evaluate the benefit of Small Group Surgical Simulation teaching for CSTs and ISTs recently deployed in the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital.

Physical simulation models were designed with the use of animal tissue and/or surgical simulators (such as laparoscopic box trainers) to simulate surgical procedures appropriate for the grade of trainees.

We designed a monthly Surgical Simulation Programme, which took place in the Surgical Skills Laboratory. Topics were selected from those suitable for Simulation from the Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme (ISCP) Core Surgical Curriculum

Participants felt that the COVID pandemic affected opportunities to perform/assist or observe the surgical skills. Participant comments on COVID affecting opportunities included ‘Reduced opportunities due to cancelled lists’, ‘Fewer elective cases so less opportunity ‘ and ‘Affected in the Peak of COVID but it is improving. Following the session, 100% of participants found the sessions to be effective in improving confidence in performing the surgical skill and 87% found the sessions to be extremely effective. Participants found the teaching sessions to be useful due to the opportunities of ‘Close supervision and direct feedback’, ‘Set of tasks’, ‘Practise with animal models’, ‘Having the tutor there to assist and help us’ and ‘[Discussing] theory prior to learning the procedure’.

Surgical simulation provides opportunities for early-year trainees to learn and perform surgical skills during the COVID-19 pandemic. Small-group surgical simulation allows CSTs and ISTs to develop and practise skills under supervision of tutors, with trainees finding real-time feedback useful. In a post-COVID era, a surgical simulation teaching programme could provide an effective training opportunity to shorten the steep learning curve of core surgical training.
151 Comparing Online and Face-to-Face Simulation for Medical Students During their Healthcare of Later Life Placement
Authors: Ludvigsen Anna , Bachra Josh , Junaid Kehinde
Published: January 2022

As part of their Healthcare of Later Life placement medical students take part in a simulation-based learning (SBL) programme delivered by the Nottinghamshire Healthcare Simulation Centre. Since face-to-face teaching was not possible during the COVID-19 pandemic the programme was instead delivered online.

The aim of the study was to compare the feasibility and acceptability of delivering an SBL programme for medical students virtually versus face to face.

The existing SBL programme was delivered online while largely keeping the same content and format as for prior, face to face, cohorts. Feedback questionnaires from 136 face-to-face participants (F2F) from the 2019–2020 cohort and 131 virtual participants (V) from the 2020–2021 cohort were compared.

Overall, the virtual course was still acceptable to most participants with 99% agreeing or strongly agreeing that the learning objectives were met and 98% indicating they would recommend it to a colleague. However, there was a decrease in Likert scale ratings across all domains in the V group. This was most apparent when examining the ‘strongly agree’ responses: the venue/remote format was suitable for the session 34% decrease, the course length was appropriate 30% decrease, the pace of the course was appropriate 20% decrease, the trainers were well-prepared 15% decrease, the presenters were engaging 10% decrease, the simulation was helpful and relevant 10% decrease, the content of the course was organized and easy to follow 5% decrease, the learning objectives were met 4% decrease. There was a small increase in responses in the strongly disagree and disagree categories.

Providing the SBL programme using an online format was feasible while also being acceptable to most participants. However, participants did not rate this experience as highly as face-to-face teaching. An interesting finding is that participants rated the pace and length of the online course as less agreeable, despite the content and scheduling is the same as for the face-to-face group. Analysis of qualitative responses indicated that participants in the V group found it difficult to sustain concentration for the duration of the virtual session. This may relate to a newly emerging phenomenon dubbed ‘Zoom Fatigue’ (Lee, December 2020) which is related to the greater cognitive load required when participating in social interactions in a virtual environment. Based on these findings, face-to-face teaching should resume when practicable. The virtual delivery may be improved if the course length was reduced.
72 Medical Student Attitudes Towards Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Karp John , Voborsky Miroslav , Woodward Christopher , McDermott Cian , Kirrane Rebecca , Gilmore Rachel , Condron Claire
Published: January 2022

Point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) is a bedside imaging modality that provides the operator with instant clinical patient information. PoCUS is a low-cost, radiation-free, portable diagnostic tool that is utilized in many specialities

The aim of the study was to assess undergraduate medical students’ attitudes towards PoCUS through the implementation of a rudimentary proctored PoCUS workshop.

Third-year medical students at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland participated in a 1-hour PoCUS workshop as part of their fundamental clinical skills training. Medical students attended the in-person workshop repeated over 8 weeks. Students were exposed to three ultrasound stations. The first was a CAE Vimedix ultrasound simulator utilizing augmented reality colourization and 3D modelling. The second station was learning and performing an extended FAST scan with a focus on bright mode image acquisition and free fluid recognition. The third station was the practical placement of peripheral/central IV-line insertion helping students to identify vasculature while also manipulating the ultrasound transducer as a procedural adjunct. Students were asked to complete a post-workshop survey to investigate their attitudes towards ultrasound teaching in undergraduate medical education. The survey consisted of 10 questions to assess attendee’s prior ultrasound knowledge, to provide constructive feedback regarding the workshop and how ultrasound can be incorporated into future undergraduate medical education.

A total of 121 students completed the post-workshop survey. Of those who completed the survey, 94.2% of students had never used an ultrasound machine before and 100% had never performed PoCUS previously. Collectively, participants strongly agreed 100% that PoCUS should be incorporated into the undergraduate medical student curriculum at RCSI. In particular, 89.3% and 45.5% of students indicated that POTUS should be included in the third- and fourth-year medicine curriculum, respectively. 85.1% of students indicated that PoCUS education would be most valuable to supplement clinical placement followed by anatomy (62.8%), pathology (59.9%) and physiology (23.1%). 86.8% of the students were interested in learning more about PoCUS through an online format.

PoCUS appears to be an additional valuable learning resource for undergraduate medical students. Of the students surveyed, it is apparent that there is strong support in favour of early ultrasound integration into the future medical school curriculum.
113 Making Virtual a Reality During a Pandemic: Improving Learning Opportunities in Medical Education through Virtual Reality Simulation
Authors: Shiels Sally , Irvine Amy , Flaherty Sarah , Higham Helen
Published: January 2022

William Osler was the first to be credited with taking medical students out of the lecture theatre and to the bedside

Could VRS provide a meaningful learning opportunity during the first wave? Could we elicit the strengths and weaknesses of virtual simulation in medical learning?

We used the Oxford Medical Simulation (oxfordmedicalsimulation.com) VRS platform where the learner manages an acutely unwell patient with specified learning objectives (opting for the 2-D to make it accessible to students at home). Scenarios were grouped, accompanied by didactic learning resources and released on a weekly schedule. Data were collected with consent on the number of scenarios accessed, performance score and student feedback.

The VRS course ran for 5 weeks (access extended to 11 weeks). In total, 224 students expressed an interest in accessing the VRS platform. Of the 224 students, 64 accessed the scenarios (50% first-year students). The students accessed 821 scenarios. The average score on all first attempts of scenarios was 75%; second attempts 78% and third attempts 90% (

The high initial response rate suggested student interest and engagement. The low (21%) conversion rate to accessing the VRS platform may be explained by initial technical issues and the voluntary nature of the project. The quantitative data show the importance of repetition in improving learning. Participation over time may improve with incorporation into the medical school curriculum. Lower usage among the final-year medical students may be explained by volunteering and early commencement of clinical duties. This innovation reveals some strengths of VRS: basic equipment; learner-directed; improved performance and student interest. Overall, the VRS platform allowed the delivery of a rapid response to fill a gap in clinical education. The next phase of this project will be to provide live tutor-supported debrief.
121 The Rapid Infuser Challenge: Applying Gamification to Improve Performance
Authors: Smith Matthew , Atkinson Ben , Pughe George
Published: January 2022

Major haemorrhage causes systemic shock with resultant coagulopathy. The Belmont Rapid Infuser© (BRI) is one example of a rapid infuser device to deliver intravenous fluids and blood products to patients as part of emergency resuscitation. We are a simulation team based in a busy trauma unit and anecdotally our staff did not feel confident in using our BRI.

We aimed to quantify how confident our nursing staff were in using the BRI, before and after delivering a simulated patient scenario asking them to transfuse blood products using the BRI. We also aimed to quantify whether a simulated scenario could reduce the time taken to use the BRI. We aimed to create an enjoyable environment and use aspects of gamification

A self-evaluation questionnaire was circulated to establish pre-scenario confidence. Candidates observed a demonstration of the set-up and use of the BRI. Candidates were read a scenario brief and asked to use the BRI to infuse 500 ml of simulated blood product at 200 ml/minute. Once they had completed the scenario, their time was recorded, they were asked to again self-evaluate their confidence and were invited to attend again at a later date to ‘compete’ against their previous time.

Pre-scenario data confirmed what was suspected; there was a wide variation in confidence in using the BRI across the sample. Early data suggest that the simulation was able to significantly increase staff confidence in safely using the BRI and repeated attempts led to a significant reduction in time to safely transfuse.

Positive participant feedback included recommendations for further hands-on deliberate practice. We hope the training can be expanded to also include members of the medical team. Further research is needed to explore the use of gamification to support simulation-based medical education within urgent care.
90 COVID-19 Simulation Programme: Rapid Tests of Change
Authors: Cooper Angus , Morse Jeremy , Brown Craig
Published: January 2022

The ‘first wave’ of COVID-19 created many challenges. Our hospital was fortunate to have slightly longer than many others to prepare. One of our Emergency Department (ED) challenges was that, as part of a redesigned process, patients with respiratory failure (presumed COVID-19) were to be assessed in a very different clinical area (single rooms instead of ‘open plan’ resuscitation room), managed by a much larger team of clinicians, using Level 3 (airborne) PPE and a modified approach to Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) induction of anaesthesia. Rapid cycle simulation and debrief has subsequently been described as part of a system-based learning approach during the COVID-19 pandemic

The aim of this programme was to rapidly familiarize a large team with the new clinical environment and RSI process, using the learning conversation after each simulation to make an immediate change, as required, to the clinical area and/or process.

Each simulation was an identical clinical scenario, i.e. a patient with respiratory distress for whom the need for COVID-19 modified RSI had been identified. The simulation was delivered in the rooms that were subsequently to be used for direct clinical care of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients.

A process testing approach was taken. During the simulation brief, the process was talked through in detail (all expected actions and sequence), the team then performed the simulation, followed by a learning conversation that was very focussed on the challenges in delivering this process. Using mobile cameras and large screen TV, all simulations were live streamed to an immediately adjacent area, such that a large number of other clinicians could observe the brief, the simulated clinical scenario and participate in the learning conversation. Agreed changes in equipment, ergonomics and process were immediately incorporated into the next simulation. Once this area was required for direct patient care, an identical room was set up in an adjacent (non-COVID-19 clinical area) to allow daily simulated training to continue. On one occasion, where there was advance notice of the arrival of a patient requiring RSI, the team who were to be involved in the RSI ‘drilled’ this scenario (‘just in time’ simulation) whilst awaiting the arrival of the patient. It was observed that participants who had previously been less comfortable with simulation were happier with this process testing approach (knowing what is expected and with no surprises).
123 Tint: Training in Trauma Simulation Programme
Authors: Jaffar Farah , Khan Salman , Westlake Harley , Malhan Neeraj
Published: January 2022

Major trauma is one of the leading contributors to death for several age groups globally making it a public health concern. There are approximately 20,000 cases of major trauma per year in England and over 25% of these result in deaths

This Emergency Medicine (EM) course was designed for Specialty and Associate Specialist Grade (SASG) doctors to develop leadership skills and to demonstrate technical and non-technical skills as a trauma team leader (TTL) when assessing severely injured patients. This course has a strong focus on the understanding of hospital systems and processes for the timely assessment and treatment of complex trauma patients.

After a successful HEE funding bid, a simulation training course was devised to cover the main principles of trauma management and the non-technical skills required to manage a trauma patient and help up-skill the 14 SASG doctors at an urban trauma unit. Five scenarios were designed based on real patients seen in urban trauma units in London. On designing the scenarios, an understanding of the functioning of hospital systems such as requesting and administering blood products and transferring patients both within the hospital and within the trauma network, were crucial learning objectives.

This course was delivered weekly from January to June 2021. Sessions involved the EM SASG doctor, two EM nurses and the members of the wider MDT expected at each trauma call, to recreate the resuscitation room environment. Each SASG doctor underwent all five trauma simulation scenarios individually as the TTL. Each scenario was followed by a focussed debrief by two EM consultants, with discussion around human factors, technical and academic aspects of trauma management. All 14 SASG doctors completed the five trauma scenarios. As a result of this training, there has been an improvement in the management of patients with higher injury severity scores in the ED based on both clinical supervision and feedback from the candidates. Given the impact on practice that this training has had, this course will be delivered to the wider trauma teams within the trust, with the EM SASG doctors continuing as TTLs.
65 Putting it into Practice: A Simulation-Based Education Programme for Parents
Authors: Smith Jessica , Tyer Abigail
Published: January 2022

The Paediatric Long-Term Ventilation (LTV) team are increasingly discharging children home with LTV via a tracheostomy. As a result, more parents are being asked to play the role of a nurse. They receive training, prior to discharge, in highly skilled tasks to enable them to care for their child’s long-term health needs at home. Whilst Simulation-based Education (SBE) is widely used in the education of health professionals, it is not currently part of the educational programme for these parents/caregivers.

The aim of the study was to undertake a quality improvement project to produce an SBE programme for parents/caregivers of children being discharged home on LTV via a tracheostomy. The main objective was to improve the safety of patients through improving the confidence of parents/caregivers in managing and escalating emergencies prior to their discharge.

Through a focus group including parents/caregivers of children receiving LTV via a tracheostomy, who are already at home, we aim to co-produce this project, with the patient voice and experiences at its core. We plan to undertake the SBE with one or more parents/caregivers in a location separate from the clinical setting, that is designed to replicate their home environment as best as possible

Over the next 4 months, baseline data will be collected with a Likert scale of confidence ratings for each of the planned scenarios, prior to the SBE. We will collect these data again immediately after the SBE, and then again at 3 months. We will also ask, at both of these time points, if there is anything additional that the parents/caregivers would have wanted from the SBE and how it can be improved. These data will allow us to evaluate and develop the programme for future families through a plan-do-study-act cycle approach. To understand where SBE fits within the wider education provided to parents/caregivers, we will ask them which elements of their education they have found most useful, and why.
7 Covid-19 Vaccination Clinic Experience: Using Simulation to Create and Test Systems
Authors: Garland Lynn
Published: January 2022

In November 2020, the first COVID-19 vaccine for the UK had been approved. We were subsequently tasked with the rapid development of vaccination clinics. Two COVID-19 vaccination clinics in suitable spaces within the University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Ft were planned, across two different hospital sites (25 miles apart), to be operational within 7 days. Changes to both pharmaceutical and national guidelines were altering by the hour.

The key driver for this fast-paced change was to ensure vaccines were delivered as soon as available to Bristol-based health and social care staff.

A process map outlining the vaccination journey established in the local public vaccination site was the starting point to understand how to efficiently, effectively and safely deliver vaccines. Hospital sites for both clinics were identified, and work began immediately to vacate those rooms and establish both the infrastructure and personnel to run the large-scale clinics. Simulation Lead Educator involvement during the first days of planning was essential and at each stage of the process mapping.

Simulation Round 1:

full-scale simulated vaccine clinic in the newly designed rooms on one site

standardized patients (actors) briefed as receiving the simulated vaccine

key staff in roles – administrators, pharmacy, vaccinators

debrief focussed on latent threats, agreeing immediate changes to be tested in the next round

patient experience feedback from the standardized patients

Simulation round 2:

immediate re-run of the simulated clinic

solutions identified in Round 1 were applied and tested

rapid improvements to the process mapping, ergonomics, clarity of roles and timings for clinic appointments were able to be made

Simulation round 3:

Round 3 took place on the second site a few days later

lessons learnt from the first two stages being shared and translated within the new site

essential safety and efficiency issues were explored and lessons learnt applied to the clinic

The three rounds of simulation systems testing identified a number of latent threats and process mapping alterations which were implemented immediately, with solutions being tested on the spot. The vaccination clinics opened, administering over 500 vaccines per day across a 4-month period. The team involved continued to adapt processes and environment to suit the constantly changing guidelines and ensure safe practice.

Simulation is an adaptive and responsive tool in systems testing, process mapping and implementing solutions within a high-pressured and time-restricted environment.
128 Efficacy of a Virtual Mock Trial for Inter-Professional Learning
Authors: Dickinson Karen , Ward Wendy L. , Minarcin Robert , Trudeau Christopher , Neill Kathryn
Published: January 2022

A medical negligence trial can be stressful for all involved and may be the first time in a courtroom for many health professionals. To provide students with the opportunity to learn from, with and about each other, the Mock Trial was established as an annual collaborative learning event between a local law school and our university-affiliated Office for IPE (Inter-professional Education). In 2021, Mock Trial was conducted virtually to continue high-quality IPE throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

The aims of the study were to establish the efficacy of translation of a large-scale inter-professional malpractice Mock Trial simulation to the virtual platform and to determine whether this will be a useful modality once social distancing restrictions ease.

The virtual simulation was structured using the brief-simulation-debrief model. Students participated as jury members via Zoom. A simulated courtroom held 11 participants of the trial (one judge, four law students [two defence, two prosecutions], five witnesses and one administrator) and was broadcast in real time to students. The learners first heard the case (opening statements, Plaintiff’s case, Defendant’s case, closing statements and jury instructions) before moving to IP jury break-out rooms with facilitator supervision to deliberate a verdict. Verdicts were delivered in the main room, followed by a debriefing. All students completed a pre-/post-questionnaire, including the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS) and evaluation of simulation methodology, Mock Trial structure/content and overall impression. To assess efficacy, we compared student evaluations from 2018 and 2019 (in-person events) to those from 2021 (virtual).

A total of 179 learners participated in three in-person Mock Trials; 143 attended the virtual offering. The virtual event included learners from 19 professions from 4 institutions and 12 facilitators. Evaluations assessed IPEC competencies. For the virtual Mock Trial, learners (96%) strongly agreed/agreed that ‘this activity demonstrated the value of IP collaborative practice to prevent malpractice lawsuits’ and 97% felt that this was a valuable educational activity. Representative qualitative data include: ‘as a law student it was interesting to see what laypeople take away from evidence…’, ‘watching the process provided insight into the litigation process’, ‘the most valuable experience is hearing other people’s perspective’.

Large-scale virtual simulation events such as a Mock Trial are feasible and provide a valuable inter-professional learning experience. Student feedback demonstrates that gaining insight from different perspectives is a meaningful part of the experience. Incorporation of large-scale simulation events post-pandemic can increase accessibility to foster IP learning on a wider scale.
174 Increased Self-Efficacy in General Practice and Higher Psychiatric Trainees Following Simulation-Based EDUCATION TO SUPPORT INTER-PROFESSIONAL CO-CONSULTING IN PRIMARY CARE
Authors: Tcholakova Kalina , O’Sullivan Owen P. , Iannelli Hannah , Attoe Chris
Published: January 2022

Learning Together is a training model providing general practice (GP) and higher psychiatric trainees with peer learning opportunities across London in partnership with Health Education England. The initiative encompasses inter-speciality training days and joint clinics delivered by trainee pairs aiming to bridge the gap between mental healthcare in primary and secondary care. On the basis of this model, a full-day online simulation-based education (SBE) course for these groups was designed and delivered with a specific focus on inter-professional education and issues related to co-consulting

The aim of this study was to use SBE to enable sharing of knowledge, skills and approaches to clinical practice to improve inter-professional collaboration in the context of co-consulting in primary care.

A full-day online SBE course for GP (ST2/3) and higher psychiatric trainees (ST4 and above) was delivered to 64 participants over six deliveries. It included five live scenarios using professional actors depicting mental health presentations to reflect the overall learning objectives. Scenarios were followed by a structured psychologically informed debrief chaired by trained facilitators with support from an external senior GP. A mixed-methods evaluation was used. Participants completed the Human Factors Skills for Healthcare Instrument (HuFSHI) pre- and post-course, rating their level of self-efficacy in managing issues, such as ‘constructively managing others’ negative emotions at work’ and ‘working effectively with a new team in clinical situations’ (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.96)

Responses from 51 participants were analysed (response rate = 79%). Median HuFSHI scores increased from 70 to 86 for the overall group (Z = 5.881, p < 0.001). Sub-group analysis between both trainee groups (i.e. GP and higher psychiatric trainees) showed no significant HuFSHI score differences. High scores were reported for scenario quality (90% of participants) and provision of a safe and constructive learning environment (91.7% of participants). Ninety per cent of respondents would recommend the course to colleagues. Emerging themes from the qualitative data were positive reflections on the importance of patient-centred care and appreciation of the value of inter-professional collaboration and joint clinics.

Findings demonstrated improvements in participants’ self-efficacy as measured by HuFSHI. Qualitative data suggest a deeper understanding and appreciation of patient-centred care and inter-professional collaboration. Considering the need for early intervention, prevention and delivery of mental healthcare in primary care, this early evidence supports the potential role of SBE in developing integrated care.
ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING PROBLEM SYNTHESIS THE OPTIMAL LOGICAL STRUCTURE DISTRIBUTED DATA IN ARCHITECTURE OF GRID SERVICE
Authors: Nurmatova E.V. , Gusev V.V.
Published: January 2022

The questions of constructing optimal logical structure of a distributed database (DDB) are considered.Solving these issues will make it possible to increase the speed of processing requests in DDB incomparison with a traditional database. In particular, such tasks arise for the organization of systemsfor processing huge amounts of information from the Large Hadron Collider. In these systems variousDDB are used to store information about: the system of triggers of data collection from physicalexperimental installations, the geometry and the operating conditions of the detector while collectingexperimental data. Two interrelated stages in the synthesis algorithm are proposed. At the first stage,the problem of distribution of database clusters between the server and clients, followed by theproblem of optimal distribution of data groups of each node by types of logical records are addressed.At the second stage the problem of database localization on the nodes of the computer network issolved, in addition to the results of the first stage, the characteristics of the DDB are taken intoaccount. Optimal logical structure of DDB will ensure the efficiency of the information system oncomputational resources. As a result of its solution, the local network of the DDB is decomposed intoa number of clusters that have minimal information connectivity with each other. Solving the problemof synthesis of the optimal logical structure is also of great practical importance for the automateddesign of logical structures, for the automated formation of query specifications and adjustments of theDDB.
JOHE UZ OBALE NAŠIH VODOTOKA I NJIHOV ZNAČAJ ZA KVALITET ŽIVOTNE SREDINE
Authors: Alikalfić Fazlija
Published: January 2022

Ovdje je prikazan dio istraživanja na projektu koji se odnosi na tzv. meke lišćare koji rastu uz obale rijeka i potoka u Bosni i Hercegovini. Posebno se obraća pažnja na johu (Alnus spp.), na crnu johu (A. glutinosa), njen visok kvalitet drveta i ulogu u arhitekturi životne sredine. U zemlji postoji preko 11.000 km riječnog toka koji se može koristiti za uzgoj ovih vrsta drveća. Neki od njih su spomenuti u ovom radu.
PETI PRILOG POZNAVANJU NESAMONIKLE DENDROFLORE SARAJEVA I OKOLINE
Authors: Janjić Nikola
Published: January 2022

U ovom radu autor je prikazao rezultate dalje inventarizacije gajene dendroflore Sarajeva i okoline, ocjenjujući istovremeno otpornost posmatranih biljaka na lokalne uslove lokaliteta, kao i korisnost njihovog unošenja u region.
NEKI ZANIMLJIVI DENDROLOŠKI NALAZI IZ SARAJEVSKOG PODRUČJA
Authors: Janjić Nikola
Published: January 2022

Ovdje su istaknute neke dendro-vrste, kao i njihovi oblici i hibridi, do sada nepoznatih nalazišta u Sarajevskoj regiji. Za neke od njih dato je i određeno taksonomsko tumačenje. Herbarski materijal za predmetne svojte je izgubljen tokom posljednjeg rata, a samo za neke vrste ponovo je sakupljen.
IZBOR NAJPOGODNIJE FUNKCIJE RASTA I ODREĐIVANJE VRIJEDNOSTI NJENIH PARAMETARA
Authors: Ljubović Ćamila
Published: January 2022

Ovdje je prikazana matematička analiza nekoliko uobičajenih funkcija rasta i tako dobijenih funkcija trenutnog i prosječnog priraštaja. Na osnovu njihovih geometrijskih karakteristika procijenjeno je koji od njih bi mogao predstavljati funkciju rasta i koji uvjeti zadovoljavaju parametre. Predlaže se ideja da se vrijednosti parametara utvrde u slučajevima da je metoda najmanjeg kvadrata previše komplikovan sistem jednačina.
NEKE KARAKTERISTIKE TRAHEJA OBIČNE BUKVE (Fagus silvática L.)
Authors: Gurda Safet
Published: January 2022

Ovaj rad se bavi varijabilnošću traheja unutar debla i grana bukve

(Fagus silvática L.). Dužina, prečnik i zapreminski dio elemenata traheje u deblu

i u normalnom i tenzijskom drvetu grane su analizirane.
METODIKA PREMJERA I REGISTROVANJA PODATAKA U JEDNODOBNIM ŠUMSKIM ZASADIMA SMRČE (PICEA ABIES KARST.), BIJELOG BORA (PINES SYLVESTRIS L.) I CRNOG BORA (PINUS NIGRA ARN.) U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Pavlič Janez
Published: January 2022

Ovaj rad se bavi odabirom i uspostavljanjem privremenih oglednih ploha

u jednodobnim sastojinama smrče (Picea abies Karst.), bijelog bora (Pinus

sylvestris L.) i crnog bora (Pinus nigra Arn.) u Bosni i Hercegovini za

prikupljanje podataka potrebnih za gazdovanje šumama. Podaci koje treba prikupiti na

plohama su navedeni i detaljno je opisan način njihovog uzimanja-mjerenja.
DO WE REALLY NEED FOREST SCIENCES?
Authors: Holdenrieder Ottmar
Published: January 2022

Real progress will come from a transdisciplinary approach. We need a mutual understanding between researchers from different disciplines. This means that already the research questions have to be defined together (Schmid, 1990). Forest sciences clearly have such an integrative potential and forest scientists will play an increasingly important role at the interface between biology, technology and policy.Therefore, for all the reasons listed above, my answer to the question, whether we really need forest sciences, is clearly: Yes!
PRILOG OBJEKTIVNIJOJ OCJENI I IZBORU MOTORNE PILE U SJEČI I IZRADI DRVA
Authors: Jovanović Branimir , Jakupović Dževad
Published: January 2022

Motorna pila je šumarski alat koji se najčešće koristi u rezanju i preradi drveta u Bosni i Hercegovini. Šumarski stručnjak (specijalista) se suočava sa problemom procene i izbora motorne testere, s obzirom na modernu konstrukciju, prihvatljivu cijenu i tehnološke zahtjeve za konkretne uslove rada. Potrebno je poštovati nekoliko kriterijuma ocjenjivanja i izbora. Iza zakonom utvrđenog ergonomskog kriterijuma i sve veće potražnje za ekološkim kriterijumima, potrebno je analizirati tehničke, tehnološke, energetske i ekonomske kriterijume. Donošenje odluka treba da poštuje interakciju između ovih kriterijuma. Morfološka analiza, proučavanje rada i vremena i ekonomični proračun rada motorne pile instrumenti su za objektivniju procjenu i izbor motorne pile. Cilj ovog rada je da se šumarski stručnjak (specijalista) informiše o nekim mogućnostima objektivnog razmatranja šumarskih alata (šumarska mehanizacija), kako šumarski stručnjak ne bi bio pasivni učesnik izbora u ogromnoj ponudi motornih testera na tržištu.
KONTROLA MORFOLOŠKE IDENTIFIKACIJE KLONOVA IZ SJEMENSKE PLANTAŽE BIJELOG BORA ''KOZIJI GRM'' POMOĆU IZOENZIMSKIH MARKERA
Authors: Ballian Dalibor , Božič Gregor
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*232:582.475(497.6 Tarčin)

         630*232:577.151.64(497.6 Tarčin)

U radu je prikazana mogućnost molekularne analize i identifikacije klonskog materijala iz sjemenskog voćnjaka Kozji Grm kod Tarčina. To je ujedno i usporedna procjena s prethodno urađenom morfološkom analizom sjemena.

Unutar ove studije bilo je devet enzimskih sustava s ukupno 12 genskih lokusa, 1e. 52 alela registrirana u klonskom sjemenskom voćnjaku, koji su istraženi na molekularnoj razini.

Molekularna metoda identifikacije klonova u ovom slučaju dokazala je svoju jednostavnost i pouzdanost, za razliku od morfoloških pokazatelja, te bi kao takva trebala naći svoje mjesto u procesu uspostavljanja klonskog sjemenskog voćnjaka u budućnosti.

Primjenom molekularne metode, a također i morfološke identifikacije, u klonskom sjemenskom nasadu bijelog bora na Kozjem Grmu pronašli smo mnogo više genotipova nego što je projektom predviđeno. Ovi rezultati upućuju na određene pogreške koje su učinjene u procesu podizanja sjemenskog voćnjaka koje se ranije nisu mogle uočiti.
PLANIRANJE GAZDOVANJA DIVLJIM SVINJAMA (SUS SCROFA L.) U CENTRALNOJ BOSNI
Authors: Kunovac Saša , Hadžić Izet , Ćutuk Ramiz
Published: January 2022

UDK 639.111.1(497.6)

Ovaj rad se bavi trenutnim stanjem populacija divljih svinja u Srednjoj Bosni, kvotama odstrela u posljednjih pet godina, dobnom i spolnom strukturom odstreljenih životinja, te analizom rata prirasta, mogućnosti ulova i stvarnog odstrela populacija iu Srednjoj Bosni. Prema rezultatima, dali smo neke preporuke za buduće planiranje upravljanja populacijama divljih svinja u srednjoj Bosni.
URBANA ORNITOFAUNA U GRADU SARAJEVU
Authors: Kunovac Saša , Delagić Emina , Šahović Selma
Published: January 2022

UDK 598.2(497.6 Sarajevo)

U ovom radu, iznosimo rezultate istraživanja provedenog od strane Šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu, u periodu od 2000-2005. godine. Komentarisani su prisutnost i brojnost vrsta ptica u četiri sarajevske opštine kao i međudjelovanje između ptica i urbane sredine.
RESTRUCTURING THE ROMANIAN WOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Authors: Ioras Florin , Turnock David , Abrudan Ioan Vasile
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*8:674(498)

The paper provides a summary of restructuring in one of Romania’s basic industries that has seen major changes since 1989 on account of privatisation and the construction of new capacity. Although production has not returned to the levels of the 1980s there has been a major qualitative improvement thanks largely to foreign investment, with of new projects currently underway. While the basic commodities are likely to see further recovery in output, in sympathy with greater felling (after a significant relaxation in the early 1990s), progress of engineered wood products – beyond medium-density fibreboard (MDF) and particleboard or chipboard (PAL – according to the Romanian acronym) – seems less assured, though increasing domestic consumption could provide an incentive. Meanwhile stiff price competition in the paper industry helps to keep production some way behind consumption especially in the case of newspaper. On the other hand, good design and high labour productivity in some sections of the furniture industry is helping to maintain a good export performance while attracting investment from global producers such as Ikea.
ANALIZA USPIJEVANJA ŠEST VRSTA ČETINARA NA PODRUČJU GOSTOVIČKE RIJEKE
Authors: Ibrahimspahić Aida , Ballian Dalibor , Gurda Safet
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*5:582.4(497.6)

Dugo prisutan problem u šumarstvu BiH je velika zastupljenost slabo produktivnih, uglavnom nekvalitetnih izdanačkih šuma ili neobraslih površina. Na oko 50% šumskih površina u BiH proizvodni potencijal staništa ne koristi se optimalno, odnosno ne proizvodi se maksimalna količina kvalitetnog drveta. Jedna od primjenjivanih mjera za prevazilaženje ovog problema je unošenje i podizanje zasada autohtonih i alohtonih vrsta drveća koje se odlikuju brzim rastom i kvalitetnim drvetom. Podignuti su brojni zasadi smrče (Picea abies Karst.), bijelog (Pinus sylvestris L.) i crnog bora (Pinus nigra Arn.), te u manjem broju zelene duglazije (Pseudotsuga mensiesii Franco.), evropskog (Larix europaea L.) i japanskog ariša (Larix leptolepis Gord.) i američkog borovca (Pinus strobus L.). Postignuti rezultati su zbog nedostatka iskustva bili različiti. Provedena su istraživanja proizvodnih i strukturnih karakteristika zasada smrče, bijelog i crnog bora u BiH, dok su za alohtone vrste drveća istraživanja provedena samo parcijalno. Prilog tom istraživanju je i istraživanje predstavljeno u ovom radu.

Cilj ovog rada je analiza i ocjena proizvodnosti šest vrsta četinara (3 autohtone i 3 alohtone) u komparativnom ogledu na području Gostovićke rijeke.
ZAŠTIĆENA I SPECIFIČNA PODRUČJA ŠUMA I ŠUMSKIH ZEMLJIŠTA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI – TERITORIJ F BiH
Authors: Beus Vladimir , Vojniković Sead
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*1:502/504(497.6)

U Bosni i Hercegovini se u različitim prilikama iznose podaci o izdvojenim površinama zaštićenih šumskih i prirodnih objekata i ukazuje na njihovu nedovoljnu zastupljenost. Pri tome se koriste nepouzdani podaci, a nisu rijetka i nepoznavanja prilika na terenu. Da bi se dobila prava slika o zastupljenosti, veličini i vrsti, teritorijalnoj disperziranosti zaštićenih šuma i šumskih zemljišta, kao i specifičnih površina šuma i šumskih zemljišta u Bosni i Hercegovini, odnosno području Federacije BiH, izvršena je njihova detaljna inventarizacija. Rezultati ovih istraživanja prezentirani su u ovom radu.
INDUKCIJA RIZOGENEZE KOD CRNE RIBIZLE (RIBES NIGRUM L.)
Authors: Omerhodžić Nejra , Međedović Safer , Pustahija Fatima
Published: January 2022

UDK 631.535: 634.723

         634.723:577.175.1

U ovoj studiji je razrađena indukcija rizogeneze kod crne ribizle, odnosno prikazana mogućnost njene masovne proizvodnje vegetativnim putem pomoću zrelih reznica. Također, prikazan je uticaj povrede reznice i hormonalnog tretmana na sam proces indukcije rizogeneze, na broj ožiljenih reznica kao i kvalitet korjenovog sistema (dužina i debljina bočnih korjenova te broj korjenova II reda). Reznice su tretirane sa tri tipa biljnih hormona (IAA, IBA i NAA) u praškastoj formi i kao dodatak kontrolna grupa, reznice bez hormonalnog tretmana. Reznice su uzgajane u kontejnerima sa supstratom od treseta i riječnog pijeska u odnosu 3:1. Iz navedenih rezultata najbolji hormonalni tretman za indukciju rizogeneze crne ribizle se pokazao IAA, i to kod reznica sa povredom što se podudara sa dostupnim podacima drugih istraživača.
ANALIZA KOMERCIJALNE ISPLATIVOSTI ZASADA TOPOLA STAROSTI 29 GODINA PRIMENOM METODA INVESTICIONE KALKULACIJE
Authors: Keča Ljiljana , Ranković Nenad , Pajić Sanja
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*23:582.681.81

         582.681.81:630*6

U uslovima rastuće potražnje za drvetom u svetu, većina nacionalnih ekonomija intenzivira proizvodnju drveta iz sopstvenih resursa. Drvo topole se na tom putu nalazi kao veoma pogodno zbog svojih komparativnih prednosti u odnosu na druge vrste drveta. Važno je napomenuti da se drvo topole pojavljuje kao dragocen supstitut drugim, vrednijim vrstama drveta.

Proizvodnja drveta topole zahteva racionalno i dobro planirano upravljanje, kako bi se potencijali staništa i vrste maksimalno iskoristili a sa druge strane postigli zadovoljavajući finansijski efekti. U tom smislu proučeni su troškovi i prihodi proizvodnje drveta klonske topole I-214, u okviru gazdinske jedinice Rađenovići Novi 20a (JP „Vojvodinašume“, Sremska Mitrovica). Sastojina je starosti 29 godina, gustina sadnje 6X6, tip šume topole na semigleju.

U radu je analizirana komercijalna isplativost plantažnog uzgoja topola, ophodnje 29 godina. Cilj rada je da se prikaže opravdanost investiranja finansijskih sredstava u veštačke zasade topole, bazirano je na analizi troškova i prihoda u toku 29 godina i to korišćenjem proračuna metoda komercijalne isplativosti, posebno dinamičkih metoda za proračun investiocionih ulaganja.
GENETIČKA STRUKTURA OBIČNE JELE (ABIES ALBA MILL.) SA PODRUČJA OČEVIJE
Authors: Ballian Dalibor
Published: January 2022

UDK 582.475:577(497.6 Očevija)

Priznatim biokemijskim biljezima analizirana je genetička struktura obične jele sa područja Očevije, u centralnom području Bosne i Hercegovine.

Za analizu smo uporabili biokemijske biljege, i to 9 enzimskh sustava sa 16 genskih lokusa, odnosno 7 polimorfnih gen lokusa sa 25 alela. Prosječan broj alela po lokusu je 1,6471. Genetički multilokusni diverzitet je iznosio 28,42, a gen pool diverzitet 1,1682 , dok je stvarna heterozigotnost iznosila 0,1992.

Ovi rezultati i njihova usporedba sa rezultatima drugih istraživanja ukazuju da populacija Očevija ima specifičnu genetičku strukturu karakterističnu za pionirske vrste ali sa autohtonim genofondom svojstvenim za Bosnu i Hercegovinu.