bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring University Students’ Perceptions and Attitudes toward Sudden Transition to Online Learning and Academic Self- Efficacy
Authors: Alamri Mona Saad
Published: November 2021

Online learning has unquestionably shaped contemporary education. The emergence and spread in recent months of the COVID-19 virus, with the attendant preventative implementation of social distancing, has significantly enhanced online learning’s influence. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where strict social distancing precautions were implemented early in the pandemic, thousands of college students were rapidly shifted from conventional to online instructional environments. Now that these students have a semester of experience with online learning, the time is propitious to explore these students’ online learning experiences. One concept in connection with which students’ online learning experiences have not been extensively studied is that of academic self-efficacy. The present study seeks to investigate Jeddah University students’ experiences with online learning in light of their assessments of their academic self-efficacy. Employing a combined descriptive/correlational research design organized around a pair of survey instruments—one designed to query students’ online learning experiences and a second designed to measure their senses of their academic self-efficacy—the present study investigates attitudes of a population of 1,167 Jeddah University undergraduate students randomly selected from the available pool of 16,893 individuals. The study finds that student attitudes with respect to both online learning and self-efficacy are high. It shows, furthermore, significant statistical correlation between students’ highly positive experiences with online instruction and their high senses of their academic self-efficacy. By developing the understanding regarding student attitudes and self-efficacy, this research opens avenues for further research into the connections between online learning and students’ self-perceptions. Moreover, the study’s findings hold significant implications for bettering Saudi Arabian e-learning, an outcome fully in keeping with the policy goals outlined in the 2030 vision.
Towards a Decolonization of Classroom Practices in Chilean Higher Education - A Suggested Framework
Authors: Bacquet Gaston
Published: November 2021

Higher-education classroom practices in Chile have historically followed the Eurocentric model in which the student is an ‘empty vessel’ and the instructor the one who fills it. This has led to the perpetuation of a specific model of knowledge creation and transmission that has historically ignored both non-Western cultures and knowledges but has also neglected attempts at developing practices that might foster greater critical thinking skills or that view education as a way of increasing consciousness, advocating social changes and challenging inequalities present in the classroom. Drawing on a number of different perspectives, from Orientalism, Critical Pedagogy and indigenous knowledge, this paper is written as a way to challenge existing systems and methods, in order to suggest a framework of action anchored in non-Eurocentric approaches and that are further rooted in participatory action research.
Assessment and Evaluation Applications and Practices of Science and Physics Teachers in Online Education during Covid-19
Authors: Kumaş Ahmet , Kan Sabri
Published: November 2021

The Covid-19 epidemic, which deeply affected educational practices all over the world, caused significant difficulties in the process of effective evaluation of students with the suspension of face-to-face education. This research deals with the assessment-evaluation methods applied by science and physics teachers in the online education process in high schools due to the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey, and with the problems they have experienced in this process and with the proposed solutions. The research covers a 13-week period. A total of 65 teachers were included in the research. Qualitative method and phenomenology design was used in this research. Qualitative findings were evaluated with content analysis. During the online education period, it was determined that the teachers made assessments by sending questions and exams to the students via the Education Information Network (EBA), and sharing individual and group questions on social media, and there was no evaluation due to insufficient student participation in the courses. Alternative assessment-evaluation methods are mostly preferred by teachers who are open to academic development and a high level of digital literacy. Considering that online education applications are inevitable in emergency situations such as epidemics, the development of eligible assessment and evaluation applications and practices for online education is necessary as well as their presentation to teachers under the guidance of action researchers.
Scoping Review on Employability Skills of Teacher Education Graduates in the Philippines: A Framework for Curriculum Enhancement
Authors: Caingcoy Manuel E.
Published: November 2021

The demand in the workplace is rapidly changing brought about by the educational reforms and the emergence of disruptive technology. The changes increase the importance of employability skills and literacy that would ensure career success and degree program relevance. On this premise, a study was carried out using a scoping review to examine the existing literature that published information related to employability skills of Teacher Education graduates in the Philippines. The review covered fifteen published articles that qualified in inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results revealed the top employable skills which include communication; information and communication technology; problem-solving and critical thinking; collaboration, cooperation, and teamwork; research; and leadership. This study offers these skills as a framework in the curriculum enhancement of teacher education programs. It was recommended to Teacher Education Institutions to revisit their curriculum and find out if these competencies were given considerable emphasis in instruction. The partially employable skills of graduates from teacher education programs imply the furtherance of the inquiry to confirm if these skills are employable or not. Future tracer studies may take the lens of the framework in evaluating the responsiveness of the curriculum.
The Doctoral Viva: Questions for, with and to Candidates (or supervisors)
Authors: Cortazzi Martin , Jin Lixian
Published: November 2021

This paper presents questions within a consideration of the nature of doctoral viva examinations from an international viewpoint. We argue that preparation for the viva should begin early - certainly not just immediately after the thesis submission. Key viva questions can be used in a preparatory process with supervisors over time to develop candidates’ thesis thinking and research capability. The paper gives guidance and advice for candidates (and for supervisors to help candidates) about how to prepare practically for the viva. More importantly this should help them to enter the mindset of examiners. This enables candidates to enter fully into discussion of a thesis confidently and enthusiastically, to share their research thinking in a focussed manner which takes broad issues into account. In a detailed Appendix, we share a repertoire of 60 examples of generic viva questions which are commonly asked in many international contexts, together with guidance about answers in brackets. Using these iteratively with supervisor help, candidates are encouraged to generate their own specific questions as part of a formative research process. Viva preparation guided by key questions can begin early as an inherent part of the research-and-writing process: questions are first for candidates, then developed with candidates, and then finally in a viva put to candidates. The questions are a framework for supervisors, too, who are often examiners themselves.
Morphological Verb Valency Driven Errors of Secondary School Students
Authors: Öztürk Burcu , Çiçek Seher
Published: November 2021

The aim of the current study is to determine the distribution of verb valency-driven errors of secondary school students. To this end, this study is framed as a survey research. The sample of the study consists of 200 secondary school students in three schools with different socio- economic levels. The content and teaching of morphological verb valency and the problems encountered were elaborated in the light of Turkish teachers’ views. The data of the study were compiled through document analysis. Frequency analysis was employed to determine the occurrence of morphological verb valency driven errors. Besides, content analysis was used to analyse teachers’ views. The research findings revealed that secondary school students made verb valency driven errors at 393 times while using 145 different verbs. The mean value of verb valency driven errors per student was 1.96. Furthermore, the verbs with the most common verb valency driven errors were respectively as follows: çık- (to leave), al- (to take), bul- (to find), söyle- (to tell), yaşa- (to live), git- (to go), gör- (to see), ver- (to give), çöz- (to solve) and gel- (to come). Teachers, however, stated that students had difficulty in analysing and writing morphemes in morphological verb valency, and they, in particular, made verb valency driven errors in long sentences in writing and speaking skills. Moreover, activities towards knowledge and comprehension in terms of words and sentences are inadequate in respect to such cognitive processes such as synthesis and evaluation of texts. Therefore, it is recommended that teaching of morphological valency should be integrated with language skills in order to minimize morphological verb valency driven errors that have an impact upon literacy skills of students in their mother tongue.
An Analysis of a School’s PYP Accreditation in Terms of System Elements
Authors: Adiyaman Hatice , Ozmantar Zehra Keser
Published: November 2021

This research is a qualitative case study aiming at analyzing the effects of accreditation on school system elements. Accordingly, interviews were conducted with administrators and teachers at an IB-PYP accredited school. There are questions directed towards understanding the impacts of the accreditation on the elements of open system in the semi-structured interview form used for the data collection tool in the interviews. Thematic analysis was utilized as the data analysis method. Inputs, process, outputs, feedback and envirionment elements of open system were used as the data analysis framework. According to the study results, the administrators and teachers think that accreditation has positive effects on the school system. However, the school community’s attitude, the staff’s professional competency, communication and teamwork skills have a decisive role in the formation of these positive effects and successful implemation of the program. Moreover, it could be stated that schools devise strategies to manage the dilemma they encounter among the national system, exam pressure and the program’s objectives, and learning outcomes.
The Science of Reading: The Eyes Cannot Lie
Authors: Hung Yueh-Nu
Published: November 2021

The eyes cannot lie. Eye movements are biological data that reveal information about the reader’s attention and cognitive processes. This article summarizes the century-old eye movement research to elucidate reading comprehension performances and more importantly, their implications for reading instruction. This review paper addresses three research questions: (1) What do we know about eye movements? (2) What do we know about reading based on eye movements? (3) What reading instruction suggestions can be made based on eye movement research? Eye movement research show that reading is a selective, dynamic, sampling, integrating, and more than a perceiving process. Implications for reading instruction include: teach beyond phonics, teach beyond text, every element counts, make text natural, and evaluate the result and the process. This study contributes to the timely conversations about the science of reading and reading instruction and presents directions by which more effective reading instruction and policies can be established to address the needs of children and teachers.
Characteristics of Generation Z Piano Students From the Perspective of Piano Teachers
Authors: Ömür Özlem
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of Generation Z piano students from the perspective of piano teachers. The sample of the study consists of 40 piano teachers working in state conservatories with piano departments in Turkey. The data were collected with the “Teacher Opinion Form” consisting of 24 questions, which took its final form with expert opinions, and the findings were tabulated. As a result of the research, it has been determined that the majority of Generation Z piano students are generally impatient, have high self-confidence but low self-awareness in terms of personality traits. In terms of studying and learning characteristics, they experience great difficulties in their individual studies without support, they do not know their own learning methods, they have difficulty in managing their study time properly, and their professional curiosity is not high. When students are evaluated according to their emotional state, they are temperamental, have difficulty accepting criticism and lose their belief in success quickly. Piano students, according to their digital literacy, are hasty and play fast due to the habit of quick action/quick response habit acquired from the digital environment, and they quickly get bored with the works they are practicing as they are unable to balance between the regular flow of new information in the digital environment and the flow in real life. It is also among the results obtained that the students of Generation Z, who were born into technology, do not use this technology efficiently in terms of contribution to the piano lesson. In the light of these results obtained, suggestions regarding the piano education of Generation Z and future field studies were presented.
Book Review: Literacy and Reading Programmes for Children and Young People
Authors: Baker David
Published: November 2021

Patrick Lo has already made a significant name for himself in the area of children, young people, literacy, and libraries, not least through his imaginative and effective use of ethnographic approaches to research in the field. This two-volume publication presents interviews with over 40 librarians from around the world (19 different countries), a truly international book: just check out the forewords and the endorsements and the interviews, their range, variety, and provenance and also the background and experience of the four editors to confirm that fact.
Book Review: Decolonizing Transcultural Teacher Education through Participatory Action Research Dialogue, Culture, and Identity
Authors: Hosseini Mona
Published: November 2021

Decolonizing transcultural teacher education through participatory action research, culture, and identity sketches the laborious process of decolonizing the education in Belize in Central America. It consists of 9 chapters: introduction, review of the literature, methodology, findings and discussions (3 chapters), as well as the conclusion.
Book Review: Towards an Ethics of Autism - A Philosophical Exploration
Authors: Wan Zakaria Wan Hazrena Fakeeza
Published: November 2021

“Towards an Ethics of Autism: A Philosophical Exploration” is an intricate ten-years exploration book of Kristien Hen on the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence (philosophical) and moral principles (ethical) interpretations to better understand the concept of autism.
Using Online Photovoice (OPV) to Understand Youths’ Perceptions of Distance Education during COVID-19
Authors: Tümkaya Songül , Kayiran Bilge Kuşdemi̇r , Tanhan Ahmet , Arslan Ümüt
Published: November 2021

In this study we aimed to investigate young college students’ experienced problems and support resources regarding online or distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used an innovative technique, Online Photovoice (OPV) method to collect data. The research includes the theoretical framework created to understand the factors that facilitate and complicate online/distance education processes for prospective teachers in the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the framework consisted of Ecological Systems Theory (EST), Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), and OPV. In the analysis of the data, we used Online Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (OIPA). The study sample consisted of 153 young university students in three universities in the south and southeast of Turkey. The data collection tool was created as an online form consisting of four parts: introduction, general information, and consent form; questions on the most important facilitator and the most important barrier in your life for your online/distance education during the COVID-19 process using OPV; and demographic questions section. When the facilitating factors obtained from the study data were examined, 11 main themes emerged. These main themes were having online or distance education (37%), technology, computer, internet, and helpful course programs (30%), and private space (10%). On the other hand, 16 complicating main themes have emerged including insufficient technology (32%), problems with online education (15%), and financial issues (12%). The participants attributed facilitators and barriers to EST levels, respectively: individual/intrapsychic factors (47%, 43%), microsystem (19%, 48%), exosystem (36%, 37%), and macrosystem (26%, 34%).
An Investigation into the Relationship between Secondary School Students’ Self-Learning Using Technology and Test Anxiety
Authors: Güngörmez Hatice Gülmez
Published: November 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship between secondary school students’ self-learning with technology and test anxiety. The study was conducted using a correlational survey model. The participants of this study are made up of 128 students of 7th and 8th grade, studying in three secondary schools in Adıyaman province of Turkey in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. “The Self-Directed Learning with Technology Scale for Young Students” adapted to Turkish by Demir and Yurdugül (2013) and “Test Anxiety Inventory” adapted to Turkish by Öner (1990) were used for collecting the data. Independent groups t-test and Pearson Correlation test were used to analyze the data. The analyses showed no significant difference between self-learning of secondary school students using technology regarding their gender and grade. However, there was a significant relationship between the students’ grades and their test anxiety. The “test anxiety inventory” consisted of two subscales, “delusion” and “affectivity”. There was a significant difference between students’ delusion and affectivity subscales. In this consideration, the 8th graders had a higher test anxiety than the 7th grader’. The Pearson correlation indicated that there was a positive and significant correlation between self-learning using technology and test anxiety of the secondary school students (p<.01).
The Relationship between Secondary School Students’ Epistemological Beliefs and Critical Reading Levels
Authors: Aslan Serkan , Şimşek Nil Didem
Published: November 2021

This study attempts to depict the secondary school eighth grade students’ epistemological beliefs and their critical reading in terms of several variables and to examine the relationship between them. Descriptive and relational survey models were used within the scope of the study. The population of the study consisted of the secondary school eighth grade students studying in Istanbul. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method. The study deployed personal information form, scientific epistemological belief and critical reading scales. Descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and correlation analysis were used during data analysis. The study results concluded that the eighth grade students’ epistemological beliefs and their critical reading levels were at a moderate level. While no significant difference was identified across the students’ epistemological beliefs in terms of their gender, academic achievement, socio-economic level and book reading, a significant difference was noted across their critical reading levels in terms of gender, academic achievement and book reading, but that was not the case for their socio-economic level. The results of the research have useful implications for teachers. While teachers develop students’ epistemological beliefs in the teaching environment, they will also develop their critical reading skills.
Time Series Performance and Limitations with SARIMAX: An Application with Retail Store Data
Authors: ÖZMEN Emre S.
Published: November 2021

World giant retailers’ sales data competes with stock exchange data in respect to latency, where the number one reason is the number of transactions, it is around few hundreds per second and it only goes up in time being. This emerges
the idea of making an ideal application area for time series, however the field looks like lacking comparisons. This is an attempt to address its dynamics with a generic reference data that was published with Walmart retail figures.
Time series has a long list of predictive models, however they are all based on regression and the problem is that regression is not always make the leader model. Here we explored the possible performance bottlenecks with most
popular techniques, like ARIMA/SARIMA derivative and try to answer if regression limits time series foundations. Does the best fit with ARIMA derivatives always give the best scores? In other words, per time-series performance,
does this make a lagging or leading factor? This situation created two new question groups for future studies. The first was concerned with the possibility that time series, which have not yet been exemplified in the world, are
based on classification models rather than regression. In other words, the possible positive effect of fuzzy logic applications on performance, which matches the size of the classification models that produce output in binary number
order with the size of turnover in pre-output estimates based on probability percentages. The second was the fact that time series, which by definition do not accept data other than time, will not produce an important factor, and
to what extent this effort might be needed.
The Effect of Music Education in the Improvement of Gifted and Talented Students’ Social Skills
Authors: BOLAT Melike , MALKOÇ Tülün
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışma, özel yetenekli çocukların sosyal becerilerini müzik eğitimi yoluyla keşfetmelerini, tanımalarını, geliştirmelerini sağlamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deneysel metod kullanılan bu araştırmada; özel yetenekli çocukların sosyal
beceri düzeyleri üzerine müzik eğitiminin etkisinin ne derece etkili olabileceği araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İstanbul ilinde özel bir eğitim kurumunda Üstün Yetenekliler Eğitim Programı’nda (ÜYEP) öğrenim gören
öğrenciler oluşturmuştur. 18 öğrenci arasında rastgele seçilerek oluşturulan deney (n=9) ve kontrol (n=9) grubuna, Akçamete ve Avcıoğlu’nun (2005) geliştirdiği Sosyal Becerileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği (7-12 Yaş) uygulanmıştır. Deney
grubu; haftada 1 saat araştırmacı ile araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen sosyal becerileri arttırmaya yönelik zenginleştirilmiş bir müzik öğretim programı çalışırken, haftada 1 saat de okulun müzik öğretmeni ile Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı
Müzik dersi öğretim programı ile müzik eğitimine devam etmiştir. Kontrol grubu ise haftada iki saat okulun müzik öğretmeni ile Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Müzik dersi programıyla müzik eğitimine devam etmiştir. 12 hafta sonunda deney
ve kontrol grubuna son test uygulanarak Sosyal beceri düzeyleri ile ilgili veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analiz edilmesiyle elde edilen sonuçlarda; uygulama süreci sonunda deney grubunun, temel sosyal
becerileri, temel konuşma becerileri, ilişkiyi başlatma becerileri, grupla iş yapma becerileri, duygusal becerileri, kendini kontrol etme becerileri ve bilişsel becerilerinde pozitif yönde gelişim görülmüştür. Kontrol grubunda
ise; temel konuşma becerileri, ilişkiyi başlatma becerileri, ilişkiyi sürdürme becerileri, sonuçları kabul etme becerileri, yönerge verme becerileri ve bilişsel becerilerinde pozitif yönde gelişim görülmüştür. Deney ve Kontrol
gruplarının her ikisi için de müzik eğitiminin öğrencilerin sosyal becerilerini geliştirdiği sonucu doğrulanmıştır.
Evaluating the Combination of Machine Learning and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods in Employee Selection
Authors: ÇALIK Eyüp
Published: November 2021

İşgören seçimi, firmaların işe alım sürecindeki en önemli problemlerinden biridir. Çünkü tek bir pozisyon için çok sayıda başvuru içerisinden doğru adayın seçilebilmesi, uzun bir süreye ve yüksek bir maliyete sebep olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla
özellikle işgücü devir oranı yüksek olan sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren ve çok sayıda çalışana sahip firmalar için bu durum, dikkatli yürütülmesi gereken bir süreçtir. Bu bağlamda, işgören seçimde kullanılan klasik yöntemlerde yanı
sıra, bu amaçla çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri yaygın olarak literatürde yer bulurken, makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları ile oluşturulan tahmin modellerinin kullanılması da son yıllarda dikkate değer bir şekilde artmaktadır.
Bununla birlikte işgören seçiminde ÇKKV ile makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinin birlikte ele alındığı ulusal bir yayın bulunmazken, uluslararası düzeydeki çalışmalarda ise genel olarak makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinin ÇKKV yöntemlerinin
girdisi şeklinde ele alınmış ancak sonuçlarının karşılaştırılarak kullanıldığı bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışma kapsamında işgören seçimi literatürü incelenerek, kuramsal olarak bu iki yaklaşımın işgören seçiminde
birlikte nasıl kullanılabileceği sorusu cevaplanmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda, ÇKKV ve makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinin işgören seçimi problemlerinde 4 farklı alternatif şeklinde kullanılabileceği sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu alternatif yaklaşımlarla işgören seçiminde hem veri odaklı hem de tahmine dayalı bir yaklaşım iç içe kullanılmış olacaktır. Elde edilen sonuçların bu alandaki araştırmacılara ve işe alım profesyonellerine,
işgören seçimi problemlerine yeni bir yaklaşım ile bakabilmelerini sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Some Suggestions for an Ideal Environmental Education Policy in Age of Chaos
Authors: Ekber GÜLERSOY Ali , YENER Hilal , TURGUT Tuğçe , ÖZŞAHİN Dilay Melis , AÇIKGÖZ Deniz Anter
Published: November 2021

Kâr odaklı ekonomik sistemler ve nüfus artışı gibi etmenler doğal kaynakları tükenme noktasına getirmiş, ekolojik sistemlere büyük zarar vermiştir. Bu durumun sebep olduğu çevre sorunlarına yönelik temel çözümün, insanların çevre bilincine
sahip olması ve çevre konusunda olumlu davranış örüntüleri göstermesi olduğu aşikârdır. Bu çözüm çevre eğitimi yoluyla sağlanmalıdır. Bu makalede çevre eğitiminin gelişim safhaları, uluslararası gelişmeler, ülkelerin çevre eğitimi
politikaları ve uygulamaları incelenmiş, ideal çevre eğitimi politikasına yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Çevre eğitimine yönelik faaliyetler 1970’li yıllarda düzenlenen uluslararası çevre konferanslarıyla küresel düzeyde gündeme
gelmiş, bu konferanslar ülkelerin büyük bir kısmının çevre eğitimi politikaları ve uygulamalarının temelini oluşturmuştur. Geçmişten günümüze gelindiğinde çevre eğitimi kavramı, sürdürülebilir kalkınma eğitimi kavramına dönüşmüştür.
Makalede incelenen ülkelerin uygulamalarına bakıldığında çevre eğitiminin örgün eğitimde genellikle çok disiplinli yöntemle verildiği, doğa eğitimi gibi sınıf dışı etkinliklerin tercih edildiği, bazı ülkelerde eko-okul uygulamalarının
mevcut olduğu, bazı ülkelerde özel çevre eğitimi politikalarının kurgulandığı ve uygulamaya konulduğu saptanmıştır. STK’nın, medyanın, çevre derneklerinin birçok ülkede çevre eğitimine destek oldukları ve etkinliklerinin artırılması
gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Çevre eğitiminin yaşam boyu öğrenme kapsamına alınması gerektiği, belirlenen çevre eğitimi politikalarının uygulama aşamasına önem gösterilmesi, çevre eğitiminin örgün eğitimde zorunlu ders olarak okutulması,
eğitimcilerin çevre eğitimi alanında yetkinleştirilmesi, ekonomik kalkınmanın çevrenin dengesini bozmayacak şekilde planlanması ve uygulanması öneriler arasındadır.
Computerized Tomographical Scanning Technology and Morphological Analysis for a Musical Instrument: Istanbul Kemençe
Authors: KÜÇÜKEBE Murat
Published: November 2021

Çalgı yapımcılığı geçmişte ustadan çırağa geçecek biçimde, geleneksel yöntemin uygun gördüğü şekilde aktarılan bilgilerle devam eden bir meslek dalıydı. Günümüzde ise söz konusu meslek, piyasa koşullarında sürdürülen geleneksel yöntemle
birlikte, üniversitelerimizde açılan çalgı yapım bölümleri aracılığıyla akademik bir kimlik de kazanmış ve yurt dışında da olduğu gibi giderek daha fazla ilgi gören, bilimsel ve sanatsal bir uygulama ve araştırma alanı halini almış
durumdadır. Ne var ki Türk müziği tarihi hakkında birçok yazılı belge bulunmasına karşılık, halen icrada kullanılan çalgıların yapımcılarını, çalışma biçimleri ya da üretilen çalgıların özelliklerini konu alan oldukça az sayıda
yazılı kaynak bulunmaktadır. Genel bir değerlendirmeyle konuyla ilgili bilgiye çoğu zaman, günümüze kadar sağlam şekilde kalabilen az sayıdaki çalgının içine, yapımcılarınca düşülen kayıtlar ve notlar aracılığıyla ulaşılmaktadır.
Bununla birlikte söz konusu bilginin oluşumuna katkı sağlayan ikinci bir kaynak da eski müzik insanlarının anılarından elde edilen bazı bilgi kırıntılarıdır. Ülkemizde bulunan çalgı müzeleri ve nitelikli envanter oluşturma çalışmalarının
azlığına da bağlı olarak tarihi öneme sahip çok sayıda çalgının zamanla kötü koşullara yenik düşerek ortadan kaybolduğu bilinmektedir. Kötü koşulları aşarak günümüze kadar sağlam şekilde kalabilmiş az sayıda çalgı için ise, morfolojik
açıdan ciddi bir incelemenin, ‘yöntem’ sorununun aşılamamış olması sebebiyle, halen yapılamamış olduğu görülmektedir. Bu makale, yukarıda kısaca özetlenen sorunu da dikkate alarak, organoloji ve uygulamalı organoloji alanında bilimsel
temellere dayanan sanatsal çalışmalar yapmak isteyen uygulayıcıları, makale aracılığı ile ele alınan konuya ilgi duyacak araştırmacıların yararını ve bir morfolojik inceleme yöntemi önerisi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Tarihi
öneme sahip bir klasik kemençe üzerinde bilgisayarlı tomografik tarama teknolojisinin kullanımı yoluyla ulaşılacak kesit görüntüler ile birlikte söz konusu inceleme, gerek yukarıda sözü edilen hususlar gerekse ülkemiz çalgı müzeciliği
ve envanter oluşturma çalışmaları açısından katkı sağlayıcı olacaktır. Çalışma, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal ve Beşerî Bilimler Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kurulu tarafından, 07.07.2021 tarihinde alınan, 10 sayılı karar doğrultusunda,
etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur.
Figures With Dragon Tails and Wings in Medieval Anatolian Turkish-Islamic Architecture
Authors: SAKLAVCI Fatmagül
Published: November 2021

The dragon is one of the winged mythological and legendary figures with the head of a crocodile, lion, wolf or dog, its body in the form of a snake or fish. The figures, depicted in Islamic art, became widespread after the Turks came
to Asia Minor and Iran, and were used extensively in the works of the Anatolian Seljuk period. In the period between H. 605 / M. 1208 and H. 777 / M. 1375 in medieval Anatolian Turkish architecture, dragon figures were depicted
on the tails of lions, on the wings of double-headed eagle and sirens as mythological figures. In this study, based on these applications in architectural structures, the symbolic meanings of the figure in different periods and
cultures were investigated, and evaluations and comparisons were made about its use in stone, metal and woodworking, miniature and tile arts. During the period, 20 figures were identified in 8 structures, including 2 castles, 2
caravanserais, 1 mosque, 1 zawiya and 2 cupolas. The double-headed eagle with dragon wings are located in Niğde Hüdavend Hatun Tomb and Divriği Ulu Mosque. Dragon tailed lions are located in Hasankeyf Castle Small Palace, Ulu Body
Bastion, Kesikköprü Han, Hüdavend Hatun Vault, Dazya Village Lodge and Erçiş Zortul Vault. 2 of the structures are Artuqid, 2 Anatolian Seljuk, 1 Mengücek, 1 İlhanlı, 1 Eretna, 1 Karakoyunlu period. The figures, were located on
the exterior of the buildings are generally depicted in the Seljuk style. In the castle, inn and mosque, it is thought that lion and double-headed eagles which are symbols of sun, usually represent the sultan and power, dragons
which are symbols of moon, underground, dark, represent the enemy. They represent two opposite principles on the same figure and are depicted much stronger together. In the tombs the dragon figures, which are depicted together
with the eagle and siren figures, are used as amulets to protect the person lying in the tree of life designs. The research has shown that the dragon figures, which shed light on the cultural levels and social lives of the communities
they belong to, have not lost their meaning in the historical process and have preserved their functional characteristics, even though they are included in different works of art in different eras and cultures.
Transnational Capitalism
Authors: Beamish Rob
Published: February 2025

While Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels forecast the globalization of capitalism in
The Communist Manifesto
of 1848, it was not until the 1960s that social scientists began to systematically discuss the rise of an international capitalist class as the post‐World War II spread of multinational corporations changed the dynamic of capitalist expansion across the developed into the developing world. Following the lead of Leslie Sklair, many social scientists view the global system as a set of transnational practices. Transnational corporations are the major locus of transnational economic practices; the transnational capitalist class is the major locus of those transnational political practices; and the cultural ideology of consumerism shapes many of the everyday practices individuals follow that support the transnational capitalist system. The research agenda related to transnational capitalism is concerned with how transnational corporations, transnational classes, and the culture‐ideology of consumerism operate to transform the world in terms of the global capitalist project.
Human–Animal Studies
Authors: Mattes Seven
Published: February 2025

Human–animal studies is a broad interdisciplinary area of inquiry concerning the myriad relationships, interactions, and questions that arise at the intersection of the human and other animals historically, currently, and across cultures. As humans know more and often care more about the nonhuman animals in their lives, they increasingly recognize the significance of their existence, their reliance on animal bodies and labor, and are progressively more critical of the use of animals and their environments in our more‐than‐human world. Thus, the animal turn has ignited a rapidly expanding base of scholars who delve into the place of animals in society, including to provide companionship, as symbolic representation, as food and entertainment, and as a mutable other that delineates who we are as humans.
COVID‐19, Digital Inequality and
Authors: Ryan J. Michael
Published: February 2025

Almost from the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, it became evident that access to digital technologies was no longer a luxury but rather a necessity for survival. Work, education, healthcare, and social interactions were pushed further into the digital realm, making the Internet an essential lifeline for billions of people. However, this sudden shift further exacerbated an already existing divide in societies – the digital one.
Evaluation of the dose reduction effect of crystalline lens exposure in cone‐beam computed tomography with bismuth eye shield for image‐guided radiation therapy: An anthropomorphic phantom study
Authors: Yoshida Tatsuya , Sasaki Koji , Kawasaki Yoshiyuki , Hayakawa Tomoki , Kawadai Toshiyuki , Shibasaki Takako
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the dose‐exposure reduction effect of a crystalline lens with a bismuth eye shield using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) for head image‐guided radiation therapy. The ocular surface dose of the head phantom (THRA‐1) is defined as a crystalline lens exposure dose and is measured using a radiophotoluminescence dosimeter (RPLD, GD‐352 M) with and without an eye shield (CT eye shield) while moving the head phantom from the reference position that is set at the center of the head in either the X or Z direction from −5 to +5 cm. The exposure doses were measured thrice at each movement position. The crystalline lens exposure doses at the reference position were 0.896 ± 0.024 mGy and 0.892 ± 0.016 mGy for the right and left sides, respectively. The exposure doses at the position where the head phantom was moved 5 cm in the −Z direction from the reference position were 2.812 ± 0.053 mGy and 2.576 ± 0.038 mGy for the right and left sides, respectively, with the highest doses at all movement positions. The crystalline lens exposure doses were reduced to 1.909 ± 0.046 mGy and 1.768 ± 0.043 mGy for the right and left sides with an eye shield in this position, causing an exposure dose reduction rate of −32% and −31%, respectively. The crystalline lens exposure dose reduction rate was approximately 10%–15% in the movement directions, except for the −Z direction. Head CBCT with an eye shield effectively reduced the crystalline lens exposure dose when the CBCT isocenter was set close to the eye. Head CBCT using an eye shield is a useful method that reduces the crystalline lens exposure dose.
Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Ionogel Fiber with Synergistically Enhanced Mechanical and Ionic Thermoelectric Performances
Authors: Li Mufang , Jing Ruilong , Jia Kangyu , Xu Huimin , Luo Mengying , Zhu Xiufang , Qing Xing , Wang Wen , Zhong Weibing , Yang Liyan , Wang Dong
Published: February 2025

Fiber‐based thermoelectric (TE) device that can collect waste heat of human body and convert it into electricity is growing fast and is of great significance for sustainable development. Although ionic thermoelectric (i‐TE) ionogels are considered to be the next generation of TE materials, to construct ionogel fiber with synergistically enhanced mechanical and i‐TE performances remains big challenge. Herein, the poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene)/1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dicyanamide/ethanol/NaTFSI/SiO2 (PH/ED‐E‐Na‐SiO2) ionogel with ultrahigh ionic Seebeck coefficient of 47.5 mV K−1 and ionic conductivity of 43.7 mS cm−1 is constructed by a proposed antisolvent‐doping‐hybrid synergistic strategy. The enhanced i‐TE performances are mainly attributed to the low crystalline structure and the improvement in ions dissociation, migration, and diffusion difference. The corresponding power factor of the PH/ED‐E‐Na‐SiO2 ionogel film is as high as 9845.8 µW m−1 K−2, which is almost the highest value ever reported. Based on this, the ionogel fiber with comparable i‐TE performances and significantly enhanced tensile strength and strain (from 327 KPa and 47% of film to 17.7 MPa and 70% of fiber) is prepared by a simple coating process. It can be weaved into wearable i‐TE device that generates high thermovoltage and lights the light‐emitting diode (LED) bulb, demonstrating its great application potential as wearable energy supply device.
Advancing Thermal Safety System for Battery Pack: Introducing Intrinsic Flame‐Retardant Solid–Solid Phase Change Materials with Melamine Crosslink
Authors: Chen Peihui , Deng Jian , Guo Zikai , Li Xinxi , Yang Wensheng , Wu Yuhang , Mao Ya , Jia Wei , Liu Jianzhe , Li Canbing
Published: February 2025

Composite phase‐change materials (CPCMs), with their substantial latent heat storage and release capabilities at a consistent transition temperature, are extensively employed in diverse thermal‐energy‐storage applications. However, the risk of thermal runaway remains a significant challenge owing to the flammability and potential leakage of CPCMs. Attempts to develop flame‐retardant PCMs using various fireproof polymers through physical methods exist. In this study, a novel multifunctional flame‐retardant solid–solid phase‐change material is developed through a chemical modification process, incorporating polyethylene glycol 2000, boric acid, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), expanded graphite, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and melamine (MA). This composite material exhibits superior flame retardancy and thermal stability, making it highly suitable for enhancing the safety of battery modules. Experimental results demonstrate that PCAM2, containing 20 wt% MA and 8 wt% APP, maintains 97.75% mass retention at 250 °C for 5 h and achieves the V‐0 rating (burning stops within 10 s) according to the UL‐94 standard. Moreover, a battery module incorporating PCAM2 demonstrated superior thermal‐management capabilities than three other modules. Even after ten cycles at a 2C discharge rate, it maintained a peak operating temperature below 60 °C. Notably, the flame‐retardant CPCM films exhibited significant thermal propagation time, indicating superior temperature control and the ability to inhibit thermal runway. The intrinsically flame‐retardant CPCM developed in this study holds considerable promise for use in next‐generation thermal safety systems for electric‐vehicle battery packs and energy‐storage applications.
Unveiling the Origin of Ultrahigh Piezoelectricity in Sb Doped KNN Based Piezoceramics
Authors: Zou Jinzhu , Wei Tongxin , Song Miao , Zeng Shangren , Zhou Kechao , Zhang Yan , Zhang Shujun , Zhang Dou
Published: February 2025

Substantial progress is made in the past two decades in improving the room‐temperature piezoelectric coefficient of lead‐free (K, Na)NbO3 (KNN) based ferroelectric ceramics, allowing them to rival commercial lead zirconate titanate. However, within the theoretical framework, the role of key element antimony (Sb) for the enhanced piezoelectricity has not been fully understood. In this work, a combination of machine learning, density function theory calculations, phase‐field simulations and scanning transmission electron microscopy are utilized to establish the structure‐property relationship of Sb doped KNN ceramics. This results demonstrate that a significant reduction in local ferroelectric distortion at doping site, attributed to the absence of empty d orbitals in the electron configuration of Sb, promotes polarization rotation, and results in enhanced dielectric and thus the piezoelectric properties. This work reveals the atomic‐scale mechanisms underlying the high piezoelectric activity induced by Sb, and connects structural changes to electronic configurations, which is expected to facilitate the design of next‐generation ferroelectric ceramics.
Bollard‐Anchored Binder System for High‐Loading Cathodes Fabricated via Dry Electrode Process for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kang Jihyeon , Eom Hojong , Jang Seohyeon , Yoo Doehyeob , Lee Hyeonha , Kim Minju , Seol Myeong‐Lok , Han Jeong Woo , Nam Inho , Song Hannah
Published: February 2025

The dry battery electrode (DBE) process offers significant advantages over conventional wet‐coating methods for electrode fabrication. Unlike traditional processes that rely on toxic solvents such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP), the DBE technique uses solvent‐free methods, reducing environmental impact and production costs while enhancing compatibility and performance. However, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the only binder currently used for large‐scale DBE fabrication (binder fibrillation), faces potential regulatory restrictions under Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) guidelines and limits Li‐ion conductivity, elastomeric properties, and particle adhesion. This study explores a novel dual‐binder system, termed the “bollard hitch” model, designed to overcome these limitations as the first PTFE‐less binder for binder fibrillation. Poly(acrylic acid)‐grafted sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PC) acts as the “bollard,” strongly attaching to the PTFE “anchor.” This binder system reduces PTFE usage by over 70% and enables the fabrication of high‐mass loading cathodes (up to 90 mg cm−2, 15.6 mAh cm−2) with superior performance. It enhances ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, making it suitable for high‐voltage applications and offering great potential to revolutionize the manufacturing of high‐performance, durable energy storage systems.
Stochastically Broken Inversion Symmetry of Van der Waals Topological Insulator for Nanoscale Physically Unclonable Functions
Authors: Kim Gunhyoung , Lee Jinhyoung , Seok Hyunho , Kang Taewoo , Lee Minyoung , Choi Hyunbin , Son Sihoon , Cho Jinill , Lee Dongho , Son Seowoo , Hwang Hosin , Shin Hyelim , Han Sujeong , Woo Gunhoo , Ollier Alexina , Kim Yeon‐Ji , Fang Lei , Lee Seunghwan , Han Gyuho , Jung Goo‐Eun , Lee Youngi , Kim Hyeong‐U. , Park Jungwon , Heinrich Andreas , Jang Won‐Jun , Kwon Seok Joon , Kim Taesung
Published: February 2025

Owing to the exotic state of quantum matter, topological insulators have emerged as a significant platform for new‐generation functional devices. Among these topological insulators, tetradymites have received significant attention because of their van der Waals (vdW) structures and inversion symmetries. Although this inversion symmetry completely blocks exotic quantum phenomena, it should be broken down to facilitate versatile topological functionalities. Recently, a Janus structure is suggested for asymmetric out‐of‐plane lattice structures, terminating the heterogeneous atoms at two sides of the vdW structure. However, the synthesis of Janus structures has not been achieved commercially because of the imprecise control of the layer‐by‐layer growth, high‐temperature synthesis, and low yield. To overcome these limitations, plasma sulfurization of vdW topological insulators has been presented, enabling stochastic inversion asymmetry. To take practical advantage of the random lattice distortion, physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have been suggested as applications of vdW Janus topological insulators. The sulfur dominance is experimentally demonstrated via X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hysteresis variation, cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy, and adhesion energy variation. In conclusion, it is envisioned that the vdW Janus topological insulators can provide an extendable encryption platform for randomized lattice distortion, offering on‐demand stochastic inversion asymmetry via a single‐step plasma sulfurization.