bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Aquoes Extract of G. Mangostana leaves at Different Calcination Temperatures
Authors: Rusli R. K. , Mahata M. E. , Yuniza A. , Zurmiati Z , Reski S. , Hidayat C. , Hilmi M. , Mutia R.
Published: February 2024

This study aims to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles at different calcination temperatures (300 oC, 400 oC, 500 oC, and 600 oC) using the green synthesis method by aquoes Extract of G. mangostana leaves as a bioreductor of ZnO nanoparticles. The active groups contained in mangosteen leaf extract act as a bioreductor and capping agent, assisting in the synthesis of nanoparticles. The characterization of ZnO NPs using aquoes extract of G. mangostana leaves bioreductor at different calcination temperatures was evaluated by a Particle size analyzer (PSA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Characterization results using PSA showed an average particle size between 641.97 nm − 915.94 nm. SEM showed some particles in nanoform and agglomeration. EDX showed that the elements of ZnO NPs consisted of Zn and oxygen. XRD showed a specific peak of ZnO crystallinity at 2θ = 36.25o, with a crystal size of 40.98–46.92 nm, and FTIR showed the presence of ZnO vibrations at cm− 1 and the absorption peak of the -OH functional group at 3330.58–3415.04. In conclusion, ZnO NPs with aquoes Extract of G. mangostana leaves as a bioreductor could synthesize at 300 oC with a smaller size than 600 oC.
Study Protocol of the Planetary Health Action Survey PACE – A serial cross-sectional survey to assess the general population’s readiness to act against the climate crisis in Germany
Authors: Lehrer Lena , Geiger Mattis , Sprengholz Philipp , Jenny Mirjam A. , Temme Hellen L. , Shamsrizi Parichehr , Eitze Sarah , Betsch Cornelia
Published: February 2024

Background
Climate change is a paramount global health threat with multifaceted health implications. Societal change is required to mitigate the negative effects of climate change, as well as help people adapt to the associated health risks. This requires situation-specific, large-scale data that can help identify the relevant areas for policymaking and communication. Such behavioral data can help scientists and policymakers understand public perceptions and behaviors, as well as identify the levers to increase public readiness to act (RTA) against climate change and protect their health. The Planetary Health Action Survey (PACE) explores RTA, integrating individual behavior, policy acceptance, and political participation as its key indicators and determinants. The ongoing survey seeks to develop and refine an integrated conceptual model of RTA, create valid corresponding measurement instruments, and implement them in monitoring. This contribution serves as the study protocol for PACE.
Methods
In continuous cross-sectional data collections, a comprehensive set of sociocognitive factors, including climate change knowledge, trust in institutions, perceived health risks, self-efficacy, social norms, and perceived effectiveness of policy measures, are assessed. The online questionnaire is updated regularly and involves a nonprobabilistic quota sample from the German population (N ≈ 1,000 at each data collection).
Discussion
PACE contributes to a comprehensive understanding of tackling climate change and related health risks by considering the different facets relevant to societal change. In addition, it allows for observing changes over time and adjustments to the model, as well as including current topics and debates. It provides a broad foundation for future health and crisis communication. PACE contributes to informing climate change and health communication, policymaking, and interventions by providing insights into the multidimensional factors influencing RTA against climate change.
Long-Term Motor Training Enhances Functional Connectivity between Semantic and Motor Regions in an Effector-Specific Manner: Evidence from Elite Female Football Athletes
Authors: Zhou Qingcan , Chen Yanzhang , Zhou Chenglin , Wang Jian
Published: February 2024

The relation between the action verb semantic processing and sensorimotor experience remains controversial. In this study, we examined whether plasticity changes in brain are specifically related to semantic processing of foot action verbs when long-term motor training is mainly aimed at the foot. To address this question, we acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and behavioral data from a verb two-choice task from female expertise football players and football novices. We compared the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) differences between experts and novices using motor execution regions and general semantic regions (left anterior temporal lobe, lATL) as seed, and explored the neural correlates of behavioral performance. Here, the drift rate (v) parameter of the Drift Diffusion Model (DDM) was used to capture the semantic processing capability. We found experts showed increased correlation between lATL subregions and important brain regions for motor processing, including supplementary motor area (SMA), bilateral paracentral lobule (PL), superior parietal lobule (SPL) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL), in contrast to novices. Further predictive model analysis showed the FC found in rsFC analysis can significantly predict drift rate of foot action verb in both experts and novices, but not drift rate of hand action verb. Our findings therefore establish a connection between effector-related semantic processing and the plasticity changes in brain functional connectivity, attributable to long-term foot-related motor training. This provides evidence supporting the view that semantic processing is fundamentally rooted in the sensorimotor system.
National Study Reveals Gram Negative Bacteremia on Contemporary Pediatric AML Protocol
Authors: Arad-Cohen Nira , Messinger Yoav , Barzilai-Birenboim Shlomit , Ben-Harosh Miriam , Golan-Malki Michal , Rosenfeld-Kaidar Hila , Weinreb Sigal , Shachor-Meyouhas Yael , Dabaja-Younis Halima
Published: February 2024

Background
Bacteremia complicates more than 50% of childhood Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with predominantly Gram-positive cocci )GPC).
Objectives
Assess bacteremia rates, risk factors, causative organisms, and antibiotic resistance in Israeli children with de-novo AML.
Methods
all chemotherapy courses for patients enrolled in the standard arm of the NOPHO-DBH 2012 AML protocol were included. Down syndrome, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute promyelocytic leukemia, secondary AML, and isolated granulocytic sarcoma were excluded. No routine antibacterial prophylaxis was applied.
Results
Among 69 patients, 7 had focal bacterial infections. Of the remaining 62, 77.4% had bacteremia episodes, ranging from 1 to 8 per patient. Out of 238 chemotherapy courses, 98 (41.2%) resulted in bacteremia, with 66 (67.3%) courses showing predominantly Gram-negative rods (GNR) and 28 (28.6%) courses with Gram-positive cocci (GPC). The most common was Escherichia coli; followed by Klebsiella spp. Older age, Arab ethnicity, and presenting white blood cell count were associated with an increased risk of bacteremia in a univariate analysis. Six patients (9.7%) died, 3 of whom were from Gram-negative infection. Bacteremia resulted in a 7-fold increase in intensive care unit admissions. Empiric antibiotic treatment using piperacillin-tazobactam and vancomycin provided sufficient coverage in 75.5% of cases. Improved coverage was attained with amikacin (90.8%) or the combination of vancomycin and meropenem (94.7%). Quinolones were effective against GNR isolates in 42 cases (61.8%).
Conclusions
De-novo AML patients face high mortality from predominantly GNR bacteremia. Specific interventions are needed to reduce rates, but limited susceptibility to quinolones hampers prophylactic use.
How can advocates leverage power to advance comprehensive regulation on ultra- processed foods? Learning from advocate experience in Argentina
Authors: Wahnschafft Simone , Spiller Achim , Graciano Andrea
Published: February 2024

Background.
The use of corporate power to undermine public health policy processes is increasingly well understood; however, relatively little scholarship examines how advocates can leverage power to promote successful health policy decisions. The objective of this paper is to explore how advocates leveraged three forms of power – structural, instrumental and discursive – to promote the successful passage of the Promotion of Healthy Eating Law (Ley 27,642) in Argentina, one of the most comprehensive policies to introduce mandatory front-of-package (FOP) warning labels and regulate the marketing and sales of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) adopted to date.
Methods.
We conducted seventeen semi-structured interviews with advocates from different sectors, including civil society, international agencies, and government. Both data collection and analysis were guided by Milsom’s conceptual framework for analyzing power in public health policymaking, and the data was analyzed using hybrid deductive and inductive thematic analysis.
Results.
Advocates harnessed structural power through informal networks and formal coalitions, enabling them to convene discussion spaces with decision-makers, make strategic use of limited resources, and cultivate the diverse expertise (e.g., research, nutrition science, advocacy, law, political science, activism and communications) needed to support the law through different phases of the policy process. Advocates wielded instrumental power through amassing an armada of localized evidence to promote robust policy design, conducting targeted advocacy, and exposing conflicts of interest to harness public pressure. Adopting a rights-based discourse, including of children and adolescents and of consumers to transparent information, enabled advocates to foster a favorable perception of the law amongst both decision-makers and the public. Key contextual enablers of success include a political window of opportunity, the COVID-19 pandemic, securing of international funding for advocacy purposes, and the ability to learn from the regional precedent of similar policies.
Conclusions.
Public health policymaking, particularly when encroaching upon corporate interests, is characterized by stark imbalances of power that hinder successful policy decisions. The strategies identified in the case of Argentina provide important insights as to how advocates might harness and exercise structural, instrumental, and discursive power to counter corporate influence and promote the successful adoption of comprehensive UPF regulation.
Reproductive agency and the value of reproductive choice among migrants from the Middle East and North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa living in Sweden–a cross-sectional analysis of the Migrants World Values Survey
Authors: Kop Mia van der , Båge Karin , Tirado Veronika , Kågesten Anna , Puranen Bi , Sorcher Rachael , Ekström Anna Mia , Larsson Elin C.
Published: February 2024

Background Sweden has a longstanding history of promoting sexual reproductive health and rights. Reproductive decision-making is a fundamental right, but an individual’s decision-making power differs across contexts. We examined self-reported reproductive agency and the value individuals place on reproductive choice among migrants in Sweden originating from the Middle East or North Africa (MENA) and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Methods This cross-sectional study used face-to-face interview data from the 2018–2019 Migrant World Values Survey (MWVS) and included individuals 18–49 years old who migrated to Sweden from MENA or SSA. Partial proportional odds models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and corresponding confidence intervals (CI) of associations between sociodemographic factors and two outcomes: 1) reproductive agency (decision-making power on when, with whom, and how many children to have), measured on a 10-point scale categorized as low (1–4), moderate (5–7), and high (8–10); and 2) the value of reproductive choice, measured by the WVS choice index comprising the justifiability of divorce, abortion, and homosexuality, categorized as 0-<0.4 (low), 0.4-<0.7 (moderate), and 0.7-1.0 (high).Results Between September 2018 and November 2019, 7991 participants responded to the MWVS, of whom 4669 met the inclusion criteria. Less than five per cent of respondents placed a high value on reproductive choice, whereas 73% expressed a high degree of reproductive agency. Living in Sweden ≥ 4 years was associated with a high value of reproductive choice (aOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.15–2.67), but not with reproductive agency. Identifying as Muslim was associated with a lower likelihood of valuing choice (aOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.32–0.63) but was not associated with reproductive agency (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 0.87–2.24). Neither age nor reason for migration (family reunification or as a refugee) were associated with either outcome.Conclusion Our study found that migrants from MENA and SSA expressed a high degree of reproductive agency. Migrants placed a low value on reproductive choice; however, this increased with time spent in Sweden. Understanding factors associated with migrants’ sense of reproductive agency and their values and how these change over time in Sweden provides a foundation for working towards equitable sexual and reproductive health and rights.
AMMI and GGE-biplot Analysis of the Yield Performance and Stability of Medium-Mature Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Genotyped Plants in Southern and Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Amogne Asmamaw
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research was to examine the genotype‒environment relationship for soybean genotype yield by employing AMMI and GGE biplot analysis and to identify stable genotypes in southwestern Ethiopia. Twenty-three recently introduced soybean genotypes, including two controls, were tested during two seasons, in 2020 and 2021, at four separate test sites. A simple lattice design was used to set up the experiment. Using additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMIs) and genotype main effects and a genotype × environment interaction (GGE), the adaptability and stability of the soybean genotypes were examined. Significant (p < 0.01) genotype, environmental, and genotype × environment interaction effects were found through AMMI analysis. According to the analysis of variance, 56.9% of the soybean yield was explained by the environment, 6.3% by genotype differences, and 36.7% by the GE interaction. The overall yield variability of the soybean genotypes exhibited considerable variation in the first four PCAs. The 10 (Tgx-2010-3F), 16 (Tgx-2007-11F), and 17 (TgX-2007-8F) genotypes were suggested for these particular tested environments because they were adaptive to the PW200, PW21, and AR20 environments according to the AMMI and GGE results. However, the 22 (Tgx-1989-19F) and 5 (Tgx-1987-10F) genotypes were found to be relatively stable and adaptable.
AMMI and GGE-biplot Analysis of the Yield Performanceand Stability of Medium-Mature Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Genotyped Plantsin Southern and Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Amogne Asmamaw , Malede Molla , Tefera Gezahegn
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research was to examine the genotype‒environmentrelationship for soybean genotype yield by employing AMMI and GGE biplot analysis and to identifystable genotypes in southwesternEthiopia. Twenty-three recently introduced soybean genotypes, including two controls, were tested during two seasons, in 2020 and 2021,at four separate test sites. A simple lattice design was used to set up the experiment. Using additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMIs)and genotype main effects and a genotype ×environment interaction (GGE), the adaptability and stability of the soybean genotypes were examined. Significant (p<0.01) genotype, environmental, and genotype × environment interaction effects were found through AMMI analysis. According to theanalysis of variance, 56.9% of the soybean yield was explained by the environment, 6.3% by genotype differences, and 36.7% by the GE interaction. The overall yield variability of the soybean genotypes exhibited considerable variation in the first four PCAs. The 10 (Tgx-2010-3F), 16 (Tgx-2007-11F), and 17 (TgX-2007-8F) genotypes were suggested for these particular tested environments because they were adaptive to thePW200, PW21, and AR20 environmentsaccording to the AMMI and GGE results. However, the 22 (Tgx-1989-19F) and 5 (Tgx-1987-10F) genotypes were found to be relatively stable and adaptable.
Dynamics of cardiomyocyte gene expression and reversibility of catecholamine-induced heart injury
Authors: Bode Christine , Preissl Sebastian , Hein Lutz , Lother Achim
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Catecholamines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline are key regulators of cardiac function in response to increased demand due to stress, illness, or injury, and are used as therapeutic drugs in intensive care medicine. Continuous overactivation of adrenergic receptors, e.g. in heart failure, clearly aggravates detrimental cardiac remodeling, however, whether transient adrenergic stimulation causes persistent myocardial injury remains debated. In this study, we asked whether the structural alterations of the heart induced by adrenergic stimulation are reversible and investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the remodeling and reverse remodeling process.
Methods and results
Wild-type mice were assigned to 14 days treatment with isoprenaline and phenylephrine (IsoPE), treatment with IsoPE and subsequent recovery, or healthy control groups. IsoPE induced substantial cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy without signs of functional impairment during echocardiography. RNA sequencing from cardiomyocyte nuclei isolated by flow cytometry revealed marked changes in gene expression after IsoPE treatment (295 differentially expressed genes) related to transforming growth factor signaling, vasculature development, or extracellular matrix organization. Analysis of enhancer regions that were linked to differentially expressed genes identified AP-1 family members Jun and Fos as key drivers of these processes and predicted their direct target genes in cardiomyocytes. IsoPE induced marked changes in the gene expression of adrenergic receptors and their downstream signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes that may be related to receptor desensitization. Within two weeks after IsoPE withdrawal, structural remodeling of the heart recovered and ~95 % of genes that were differentially expressed with IsoPE treatment returned to baseline expression.
Conclusion
We demonstrate here that prolonged catecholamine treatment at doses that induce left ventricular hypercontractility, but no overt heart failure, resulted in significant yet reversible cardiac injury. Immediate early transcription factors such as Jun and Fos were identified as main drivers of IsoPE induced pathological gene expression in cardiomyocytes.
Long-term symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH): a real-life study
Authors: Antoni Melania Degli , Maifredi Giovanni , Storti Samuele , Tiecco Giorgio , Gregorio Marco Di , Rossi Benedetta , Gasparotti Cinzia , Focà Emanuele , Castelli Francesco , Quiros-Roldan Eugenia
Published: February 2024

Background
Our Hospital in Northern Italy assists 3817 people living with HIV (PLWH) and has faced the impact of COVID-19. Little is known about the impact of HIV infection on the risk of post-COVID-19 conditions (PCCs) onset. We aim to assess the incidence of PCC in PLWH and the factors associated with its occurrence.
Methods
We performed a retrospective, observational study including all PLWH > 18 years registered in the Brescia Health Protection Agency database, assessing SARS-CoV-2 burden, vaccination status, socio-demographic, and viro-immunological parameters from February 2020 until May 2022. Persistence of self-reported symptoms (clustered into gastrointestinal, respiratory, osteo-muscular, and neuro-behavioral symptoms) was evaluated after 3 months by a telephone-administered questionnaire. We estimated the associations between all variables and outcomes through univariate and multivariable logistic models.
Results
In the study period, 653 PLWH were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection (17.1%). We observed 19 (2.9%) reinfections, 71 (10.9%) hospitalizations, and 3 (0.5%) deaths. We interviewed 510/653 PLWH (78%), and 178 (PCCs prevalence 34.9%; CI95% 30.7–39.2) reported persistent symptoms. Asthenia/fatigue was the most reported symptom (60/178), followed by muscular pain (54/178). In the multivariate regression model, male sex was protective (adjusted OR = 0.64; CI95% 0.99–3.66), while hospitalization during acute infection was associated with an increased the risk of PCCs (adjusted OR = 1.9; CI95% 0.99–3.66). Notably, no viro-immunological variable modified the PCCs risk onset.
Conclusions
Our study highlights a substantial prevalence of PCCs among PLWH, three months post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, independent of viro-immunological features or vaccination status.
Trends in Cervical Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the United States, 1975-2018. A Population-Based Study
Authors: Cheng Xianying , Wang Ping , Cheng Li , Zhao Feng , Liu Jiangang
Published: February 2024

Background: Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined substantially in the U.S. over many years, largely due to the decline in squamous cell carcinoma. However, the trend change in recent years is not clear. This study aimed to explore trends in cervical cancer incidence and mortality stratified by demographic and tumor characteristics during 1975-2018.
Methods: Cervical cancer age-adjusted incidence, incidence-based mortality, and relative survival were calculated using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-9 database. Trends and the calculation of annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were realized by joinpoint software.
Results: A total of 49,658 cases were diagnosed with cervical cancer between 1975-2018 and 17,099 patients died between 1995-2018. Among them, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type (34,169 cases and 11,859 deaths). Cervical cancer incidence rate declined by an average of 1.9% (95% CI, -2.3% to -1.6%) per year over the study period, with the APCs decreased in recent years (-0.5% [95% CI, -1.1% to 0.1%] in 2006-2018). The incidence trend of squamous cell carcinoma was basically consistent with that of the general population, but the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in distant stage was increasing significantly (1.1% [95% CI, 0.4% to 1.8%] in 1990-2018). During 1995-2018, cervical cancer mortality rate decreased by 1.0% (95% CI, -1.2% to -0.8%) per year overall, but increased by 1.2% (95% CI, 0.3% to 2.1%) per year for distant stage squamous cell carcinoma.
Conclusion: For cases diagnosed with cervical cancer in the United States from 1975 to 2018, the overall incidence and mortality rates decreased significantly, with increase in the incidence and mortality of advanced-stage squamous cell carcinoma. These findings will provide a scientific basis for cervical cancer prevention and management.
Proteomic response of Tartary buckwheat under mercury-induced stress
Authors: Pirzadah Tanveer Bilal , Malik Bisma , Rehman Reiaz Ul
Published: February 2024

Mercury (Hg) is severe toxic pollutants that pose a threat to the environment. Its accumulation alters various metabolic pathways by inducing oxidative stress and ultimately affects yield. Present study was conducted to explore how tartary buckwheat modulates its proteome and biomarkers in response to Hg stress. Plants were exposed to Hg (75µM) exposure for 15 days. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) was used for resolving leaf proteome and differential protein expression was studied using PDQuest software. Results showed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) exhibited a concomitant increase under Hg-induced oxidative stress. Proteomic analysis showed that about 213 protein spots were reproducibly detected in control and 174 protein spots were differentially expressed under Hg stress, among which 12 were up-regulated and 19 were down-regulated. The differential protein expression suggests that tartary buckwheat modulates its leaf proteome subjected to Hg which might be an adaptive response mechanism by plants to Hg stress.
Health risk assessment for potentially toxic elements accumulation in Amaranthaceae family cultivars and their correlation with antioxidants and antinutrients
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Mahongnao Sophayo , Gupta Asmita , Nanda Sarita
Published: February 2024

Delhi's agricultural hub, nestled along the Yamuna floodplains, faces soil and water contamination issues. Utilizing organic waste composts is gaining traction to improve soil quality, but uncertainties remain about their efficacy in reducing harmful elements. The study examined three Amaranthaceaecultivars, comparing organic waste composts with chemical fertilizer. It calculated correlations between heavy metals, antioxidants, and antinutrients to assess their bioremediation potential. PTE levels in soil and leaves were measured by ICP-MS, while antioxidants and antinutrients were analyzed with UV-VIS spectroscopy. The study revealed higher PTE levels in floodplain soil, with Cr, Ni, and Cd exceeding safe limits in all soil cultivars. Compost amendments reduced these pollutants by 28% compared to chemical fertilizers, decreasing bioaccumulation by 20%. Health risk assessments showed lower risks in compost-amended cultivars. Additionally, compost-amendment displayed a stronger correlation between PTE and antioxidants, suggesting effective bioremediation. Overall, compost amendments offer promise for mitigating PTE in metropolitan floodplains.
Optimizing Short Video Recommendation: A Multimodal Fusion Approach Leveraging Graph Neural Networks
Authors: McDonough Don L. , Marlon Jennifer , Bond Jonathan
Published: February 2024

In the dynamic landscape of contemporary social media, short videos have emerged as a dominant form of content consumption, prompting intensified research focus on short video recommendation scenarios. Users engaged with short videos exhibit unique characteristics, marked by diverse and multi-level dynamic interests. Addressing the challenges inherent in short video recommendation systems, this paper introduces a hybrid recommendation algorithm model that capitalizes on multimodal information. The model incorporates user-side auxiliary information into its network structure, delving into the profound interests of users. It assesses the significance of each dimension within user and item feature representations during the scoring prediction task. Furthermore, the application of graph neural networks in the recommendation system is enhanced through the integration of an attention mechanism. This mechanism facilitates the fusion of multi-layer state output information, enabling more effective participation of shallow structural features provided by the intermediate layer in the prediction task. Through extensive experimentation on different datasets, the proposed model demonstrates improved recommendation accuracy compared to traditional recommendation algorithms, affirming the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach.
Writing and Power
Authors: Björk Oscar
Published: February 2024

The primary aim of this theoretical and methodological paper is to conceptualise early school writing instruction (with 6 and 7-year-old students) through a critical discourse analytical (CDA; Fairclough, 2003) perspective. By drawing on empirical examples from two L1 classrooms, the paper provides an example of how a CDA analysis may be operationalised, particularly in an educational setting in primary school years. In doing so, the paper unveils how social power permeates the discourse practices of early school writing and how its effects on writing instruction may be understood. The data consists of video-recorded observations of writing instruction in two classrooms and transcribed semi-structured interviews with two teachers. The conceptualisation shows major differences in the effects of power in discourse in the two classrooms, shaping the discourse practice in various ways. It furthermore becomes evident that these classrooms are sites of power struggles with effects on discourse and where discourse practices, in various ways, (re)construe both the social world of the classroom as well as what is being taught. However, rather than reproducing social power structures per se, this paper suggests that the classroom holds potential for contestation and transformation of structural power, not least dependent on the actions of the teacher.
Use of Biochemical Tests and Machine Learning in the Search for Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, and Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Cobre Alexandre , Morais Amiel , Selege Fosfato , Stremel Dile , Wiens Astrid , Ferreira Luana , Tonin Fernanda , Pontarolo Roberto
Published: February 2024

This study aims to develop, validate, and evaluate machine learning algorithms for predicting the diagnosis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and HIV/TB co-infection. We also investigated potential biomarkers associated with the diagnosis. Data from biochemical and hematological tests of infected and controls were collected in a single general hospital, totalizing 6,418 patients. The discriminant analysis by partial least squares (PLS-DA) model had the highest performance in predicting the diagnosis of COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, TB, and HIV/TB co-infection with an accuracy of 94, 97, 95, and 96%, respectively. The biomarkers calcium, lactate dehydrogenase, red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were associated with COVID-19. HIV infection was associated with mean corpuscular volume, platelets, neutrophils, and mean platelet volume. Red blood cell distribution width and urea were associated with infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The following biomarkers were associated with HIV/TB co-infection: lymphocytes, RBC, hematocrit, hemoglobin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and glycemia. The PLS-DA model can optimize COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, TB, and HIV/TB co-infection diagnostics. Some biomarkers were potential diagnostic indicators and could be evaluated during the screening of these diseases.
Intersubjectivity in the Context of Digital Reality: Phenomenological Approach
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy  of Sciences, Patkul Andrei B.
Published: February 2024

The main goal of the article is to find out how traditional phenomenological solutions to the problem of intersubjectivity should be transformed in connection with the formation of digital reality. In order to expose this issue, the author undertakes a reconstruction of the basic ontological properties of digital objects, as well as an analysis of the main phenomenological approaches to the problem of intersubjectivity (basing on the material of the theories of the Other in Husserl and Heidegger). In the course of the study, the author found that, on the one hand, some contemporary phenomenological authors consider the ability to combine the constitutive properties of thing and non-thing as one of the basic features of the digital objects. On the other hand, they believe that the relations are also of very significance for the proper being of digital objects. As a result of the analysis of the theories of the Other in Husserl and Heidegger, the author highlights that Husserl understands the constitution of the Other in the framework of so-called appresentative model. On the contrary, Heidegger believes that the Other is always primarily given from the common-shared world. Finally, the author shows that both considered classical phenomenological models of the constitution of intersubjectivity cannot be fully applicable for investigation of intersubjectivity after the formation of digital reality as a special ontological region. The appresentative model turns out to be unsuitable, since in the digital age the givenness of the body of the Other can become completely mediated by digital representations of this body. The Heideggerian model, which interprets the givenness of the Other from the common-use of available ready-to-hand entities with him, may also not give the desired result, since the secondary ready-to-handiness of digital tools turns out to be capable of interrupting the interconnections of the of the primary ready-to-handiness.
Philosophical Justification of Bonapartism by Napoleon III
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Krotov Artem A.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the leading social and philosophical ideas on which Louis Bonaparte, officially called Napoleon III after the proclamation of the Second Empire in France, relied in his political activity. Key concepts of Bonapartism are considered: stability, independence, equality, unity of all classes in the empire, political leader as an exponent of the people’s will, savior of the fatherland capable of establishing order in society. The article analyzes Napoleon III’s ideas about progress and popular sovereignty. Long before occupying the highest state post, he proposed to base the future constitution of the country on ”three authorities“: the people (to elect the head of state, to authorize his acts), the legislative corps, and the emperor. In criticizing Republican rule, he saw its flaw in defending undeserved privileges as seen throughout history, in his view. He attributed Napoleon I the idea of creating European confederation of free peoples, denying the widespread idea that the emperor sought to establish a worldwide monarchy. Referring to the difference in the characters of peoples, mores, and climatic conditions of different countries, he called for refusing to copy foreign institutions, English and American ones. France, according to Napoleon III, has its own path in history; according to his ideas, it should be at the head of the civilization movement. In an effort to chart this path, he spoke of equality, property, and religion as crucial elements of social being. Progress, in his opinion, requires a periodic revision of the legislation, therefore, the transformation of the empire from authoritarian to liberal could be interpreted not as a forced measure, but as a pre-planned political initiative.
AI and the Metaphor of the Divine
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Bylieva Daria , Nordmann Alfred ,   Technical University of Darmstadt
Published: February 2024

The idea of God is one of the most pervasive in human culture. It used to be considered mostly in metaphysical and ethical discussions, it has become a part of the discourse in the philosophy of technology. The metaphor of God is used by some authors to represent the role of artificial intelligence in the modern world. This paper explores four aspects of the metaphor: creation, omniscience, mystery, theodicy. The creative act shows the resemblance of humans to God, also in the sense that technology created by humans can get out of the control of the creator. The ability of AI to use data flows for analytics and prediction is considered as “omniscience” which looks mysterious due to the inability of people to intellectually grasp the work of AI. The discussion about building ethics into AI technology shows a desire to add one more feature to “omniscient and omnipotent,” namely “benevolent.” The metaphor of God as applied to AI reveals human fears and aspirations both in rational-pragmatic and symbolic terms. The metaphor of God exposes notions of transcendence in modern perceptions of technology. Also it continues the discussion about what should be the technological design of AI. Whether as co-worker or as communicator it is already putting us on a path towards thinking of a subject that is constituted in a superior way.
Brands, pseudo-brands, and quasi-brands in the multi-level macroecosystem of nation branding
Authors:   Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University, Cherenkov Vitally I. , Starov Sergey A. ,   Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University, Stuglev Alexander A. ,   Roscongress Foundation, Gladkikh Igor V. ,   Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2024

Goal: to apply an integral approach to building a model of a multi-level macroecosystem of nation branding based on: analyzing of options for representing the brand phenomenon in the context of the modern international division of labor; applying the brand concept behind the borders of markets for goods/services and relationships between their producers, sellers and consumers. Methodology: the theoretical research was carried out on the basis of a semantic-conceptual analysis of publications relevant to the purposes of the article concerning issues of brand representation, the country-of-origin effect, pseudo-foreign brands and the ecosystem approach in economics. Findings: three aggregated categories of brands were identified, their definitions were developed and relevant examples in various areas of the country’s socio-economic life were considered, as well as the feasibility of an ecosystem approach to country branding was substantiated. Originality and contribution: for the first time, along with the category of true brands of goods/services and corporations, quasi-brands and pseudo-brands are comprehensively considered (with special attention paid to the state and prospects of pseudo-foreign branding in Russia); in addition, an original model of a multi-level macro-ecosystem of country branding and a corresponding definition of the latter are proposed. Besides, the identification of complex connections between brands of these three categories made it possible to propose the author’s model of a centralized multilevel macroecosystem of nation branding and an original definition of the latter.
Russian travel technological startups in 2020–2023: The adaptation to challenges and development perspectives
Authors:   Graduate School of Business, HSE University, Predvoditeleva Marina D. , Reshetnikova Kira V. ,   Graduate School of Business, HSE University, Pustov Leonid Yu. ,   Russian Tour Union, Golubovskaya Polina A. ,   Business Travel Organization of Kaspersky Lab JSC
Published: February 2024

Goal: the analysis of the Russian travel technological startups’ managerial practices during the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical situation of 2022-2023. Methodology: the empirical research was based on the case-study method. Two series of the in-depth interviews with the startups founders focusing on the reaction of the startups on the COVID-19 and geopolitical situation in 2022-2023 were carried. Findings: the results demonstrate the significant changes in the startups behavior in 2023 in comparison to the pandemic COVID-19 period. So far during the pandemic the startups made the deliberated strategic decisions on the products development paying much attention to HR practices aiming at building solid teams. After March 2022, the ad-hoc decision focusing on the markets (including geographical) identification prevail; organization managerial practices moved to the peripheral attention. Originality and contribution of the authors: the information technologies have recently dramatically affected the tourism industry. Despite the fact the Russian travel technological startups, being the notable players of the travel industry, offer a wide range of the technological solutions, there is still a lack of research on the startups’ managerial practices. The current paper is the first one that analyzes the Russian travel technological startups’ managerial practices during the dramatic transformation of the Russian tourism industry caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the geopolitical situation in 2022-2023.
Automatic calibration of SWMM parameters based on multi-objective optimisation model
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Longlong , Zhai Jiaqi , Wang Lizhen , Zhao Yifei , Liu Kuan
Published: February 2024

To address the issue of low accuracy and inefficiency in the traditional parameter calibration methods for the SWMM model, this paper constructs an automatic parameter calibration model based on multi-objective optimisation algorithms. Firstly, the Sobol method and GLUE method are utilised to determine sensitive parameters and their ranges, aiming to narrow down the solution space and expedite the model-solving speed. Secondly, the NSGA-3 multi-objective optimisation algorithm based on the Pareto theory is applied for the optimisation and calibration of sensitive parameter sets. The model is validated in the rainwater drainage system with independent runoff in a residential area in a northwestern city in China. The results show that parameters such as N-Imperv and KSlope are highly sensitive to the model output under the land-use conditions of the study area. The simulation accuracy of the multi-objective continuous optimisation algorithm is significantly better than that of the single-objective genetic algorithm. The simulation results of the SWMM model under multi-objective optimisation demonstrate a certain level of reliability and stability. The research findings can provide technical support for the automatic calibration of SWMM model parameters, accurate model simulation, and application.
Crianças, tecnologias móveis e a mediação parental
Authors: Carvalho Célia Regina de
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo, analisamos a mediação parental quanto às tecnologias móveis e a internet no período da pandemia de Covid-19. Foi desenvolvido um estudo descritivo-analítico amparado na pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dezoito crianças e um membro de suas famílias. Os resultados apontam para a intensificação da utilização de tecnologias móveis (telefones celulares, notebooks e tablets) e da internet durante a pandemia de Covid-19, fato que representou um desafio para a mediação parental. As famílias adotaram diferentes estratégias para mediar as experiências em meios digitais das crianças, desde ações mais restritivas ou as mais ativas, pautadas na orientação e no diálogo, até o acompanhamento ou estar presente durante as atividades das crianças na internet. Por esse motivo, torna-se imprescindível a conscientização das famílias sobre os meios de orientação de seus filhos nas atividades online e da escola em promover a educação midiática das crianças.
Mild and Efficient Preparation of N-Heterocyclic Organic Molecules by Catalyst-free and Solvent-free Methods
Authors: Wu Zhiqiang , Li Xuesong , Li Yueyi , Cao Lin-an , Li Zhenliang , Wang Xuming , Liu Wanyi , Feng Enke
Published: February 2024

Aims:

The small organic molecular compounds with biological activity containing C-C and C-N or C-O bonding were efficiently prepared without catalyst and solvent in the hydrothermal synthesis reactor.

Objectives:

Our goal was to explore new applications for the more environmentally friendly and efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methyl, xanthene, quinazolinone, and N-heterocyclic derivatives in hydrothermal synthesis reactors under solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions.

Methods:

A greener and more efficient method was successfully developed for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methyl, heteroanthracene, quinazolinone, and N-heterocyclic derivatives using a hydrothermal synthesis reactor in a solvent- and catalyst-free manner.

Results:

In a hydrothermal synthesis reactor, bis(indoyl)methyl, xanthene, quinazolinone, and N-heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized without catalysts and solvents.

Conclusion:

Overall, it is proved once again that the catalyst-free and solvent-free synthesis method has universal value and is a more ideal and environmentally friendly new method, especially the hydrothermal reactor for synthesis.
1,3-Diaryl Triazenes Incorporating Disulfonamides Show Both Antiproliferative
Activity and Effective Inhibition of Tumor-associated Carbonic Anhydrases IX and
XII
Authors: Lolak Nebih , Akocak Suleyman , Petreni Andrea , Budak Yakup , Bozgeyik Esra , Gurdere Meliha Burcu , Ceylan Mustafa , Supuran Claudiu Trandafir
Published: February 2024

Aim:

The aim of this study was to synthesize a library of novel di-sulfa drugs containing 1,3- diaryltriazene
derivatives TS (1-13) by conjugation of diazonium salts of primary sulfonamides with sulfa drugs to investigate
the cytotoxic effect of these new compounds in different cancer types and to determine their inhibitory
activity against tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases IX and XII.

Materials and Methods:

A carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity of the obtained compounds was evaluated
against four selected human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII) by a stoppedflow
CO2 hydrase assay. In addition, in vitro, cytotoxicity studies were applied by using A549 (lung cancer),
BEAS-2B (normal lung), MCF-7 (breast cancer), MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer), CRL-4010 (normal breast epithelium),
HT-29 (colon cancer), and HCT -116 (colon cancer) cell lines.

Results:

As a result of the inhibition data, the 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide derivatives were more active than
their 3-aminobenzenesulfonamide counterparts. More specifically, compounds TS-1 and TS-2, both of which
have primary sulfonamides on both sides of the triazene linker, showed the best inhibitory activity against hCA
IX with Ki values of 19.5 and 13.7 nM and also against hCA XII with Ki values of 6.6 and 8.3 nM, respectively.
In addition, in vitro cytotoxic activity on the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 showed that some derivatives
of di-sulfa triazenes, such as TS-5 and TS-13, were more active than SLC-0111.

Conclusion:

With the aim of developing more potent and isoform-selective CA inhibitors, these novel hybrid
molecules containing sulfa drugs, triazene linkers, and the classical primary sulfonamide chemotype may be
considered an interesting example of effective enzyme inhibitors and important anticancer agents.
Analysis of OTC and Prescribed Drugs Working Against COVID-19 Symptoms in the Context of Humans and Surrounding: A Brief Report on Medications Taken by Patients
Authors: Nagpal Kajal , Dhingra Ashwani , Handa Uditi , Deswal Geeta , Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar , Malik Anuj , Jan Fatimah , Dubey Abhilasha
Published: February 2024

Background:

Coronaviruses are the genetic series of RNA viruses that infect both organisms
mammals and birds. Different varieties of illnesses shown in humans as well as in birds are the
most common causes ranging from minor to fatal. Common colds which are included in mild and
SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 are caused by fatal. After cell entry, the release of RNA into the cytoplasm
occurs, which translates viral proteins followed by processed replication.

Objective:

The survey was based on a comparison study between the purchase of OTC and prescribed
drugs for COVID-19 symptoms, including the volume of pharmacies from different zones of
Yamunanagar district, Haryana.

Methods:

The analytical survey involves the different zones of Yamunanagar the pharmacist used in
this report. The numerical data is gathered in a methodical investigation which leads to quantitative
research. The data investigation was performed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 20.

Results:

The north zone area mostly suffered from the COVID-19 pandemic condition from January
2021 to June 2021 in Yamunanagar and found that most of the OTC drugs purchased by consumers
were paracetamol (PCM) and Prescribed drugs (HQCS + Azithromycin) by the public regarding
covid-19 symptoms.

Conclusion:

The outcome of this case report reveals that no statistically significant difference exists
between the population parameter and sample statistics while the comparison retained the null hypothesis
in different zones of Yamunanagar (Haryana), India including the volume of pharmacy and
drug category.