bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of insulin and incretin-based therapies on renal tubular transport
Authors: Rosati Erica , Di Giuseppe Gianfranco , Mezza Teresa , Ferraro Pietro Manuel
Published: August 2024

The tubular function of the kidney is very complex and is finely regulated by many factors. These include a variety of hormonal signaling pathways which are involved in the expression, activation and regulation of renal transporters responsible for the handling of electrolytes. Glucose-lowering drugs such as insulin and incretin-based therapies, exert a well-known renal protective role in diabetic kidney disease, mainly acting at the glomerular level. In the literature, several studies have described the effect of insulin and the incretin hormones on tubular transport. Most of these studies focused on the variations in excretion and clearance of sodium but did not extensively and systematically investigate the possible variations that these hormones may induce in the tubular regulation of all the other electrolytes, urea metabolism, acid–base balance and urinary pH. While insulin action on the kidney is very well-described, the renal tubular impact of incretin-based therapies is less consistent and the results available are scarce. To our knowledge, this is the first review summarizing the effects induced on renal tubules by insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors in both healthy and diabetic human subjects. This is significant because it highlights the existence of a renal-gut and pancreas axis which also has a direct tubular effect and enables a deeper understanding of renal physiology.

Graphical abstract
Mechanical properties of steel–copper multi-material samples built by laser powder bed fusion using a graded energy input
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart , Saber Yassin
Published: August 2024

Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is a well-established additive manufacturing technology for the fabrication of metallic components. Despite being used in different industries with different materials, the L-PBF process is still today predominantly used for mono-material processing only. While combining different materials during processing is not yet extensively researched, it holds great potential for improving current applications, as well as enabling new ones. In this paper, the material combination of the copper alloy CuCr1Zr and the tool steel 1.2344 is investigated. While copper and its alloys offer high electrical and thermal conductivity coupled with good mechanical properties in terms of strength and ductility, steel offers a significantly higher strength and better wear resistance. Multi-material samples from steel 1.2344 and CuCr1Zr are manufactured by L-PBF using three transition zones, enabling a gradual increase in the applied volume energy density. The application of transition zones successfully eliminated hot cracking and facilitated a narrow steel–CuCr1Zr intermixing zone. The mechanical properties of the manufactured samples are investigated by tensile testing with samples tested in the as-built condition and after subsequent heat treatment. Different heat treatments are applied and evaluated. Furthermore, the fracture surfaces of torn tensile samples and the cross-sectional microstructure of untested samples are visualized by optical and scanning electron microscopy. During tensile testing, a number of samples failed in proximity of the material interface. The fracture surfaces show unmolten powder particles indicating insufficient melting, whereas the cross-sectional images display an accumulation of lack of fusion defects in the CuCr1Zr within a distance of approximately 250 µm from the material interface. Tensile testing results indicate that the observed defects have a significant influence on the elongation to fracture, yet do not show a strong correlation to the yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength. This study emphasizes the current difficulty in manufacturing a defect-free microstructure within the multi-material interface.
Eating Point-of-View in ASMR Videos Alters Motivational Outcomes
Authors: Bailey Rachel L. , Kwon Kyeongwon , Grace Wang Tianjiao , Young Park Sun
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is an involuntary tingling sensation that is pleasant and relaxing. Given its rapid growth in popularity and increasing appearance in food advertising and marketing schemes, this study investigated whether certain features of food-related ASMR videos are more positively experienced than others. Participants ( N = 183) took part in an experiment in which they viewed ASMR videos that varied in camera point-of-view (first-person vs. third-person) and food energy density (higher vs. lower). Results indicated that first-person videos of higher energy density foods generated the most positive emotions and evaluations as well as the most identification. Theoretical contributions and implications are discussed. Research replication and extension are suggested.
The different paradigms of NK cell death in patients with severe trauma
Authors: Chang Te-Ding , Chen Deng , Luo Jia-Liu , Wang Yu-Man , Zhang Cong , Chen Shun-Yao , Lin Zhi-Qiang , Zhang Pei-Dong , Tang Ting-Xuan , Li Hui , Dong Li-Ming , Wu Ning , Tang Zhao-Hui
Published: August 2024

Lymphocyte decline, particularly the depletion of NK cells, is a prominent feature of immunosuppression following severe tissue injury, heightening the susceptibility of severe trauma patients to life-threatening infections. Previous research indicates that the reduction in the number of NK cells is closely associated with the process of cell death. Nonetheless, the precise mechanism of NK cell death remains unknown. Here, we discovered that following severe traumatic injury, NK cells undergo several cell death pathways, dominated by apoptosis and pyroptosis with coexistence of necrotic cell death, immunogenic cell death, ferroptosis, and autophagy. These NK cells with different paradigms of death have diverse cytokine expression profiles and diverse interactions with other immune cells. Further exploration revealed that hypoxia was strongly associated with this diverse paradigm of NK cell death. Detailed investigation of paradigms of cell death may help to enhance comprehension of lymphopenia post-severe trauma, to develop new strategy in preventing immunosuppression, and then to improve outcome for severe trauma population.
Raptinal: a powerful tool for rapid induction of apoptotic cell death
Authors: Smith Amanda J. , Hergenrother Paul J.
Published: August 2024

Chemical inducers of apoptosis have been utilized for decades as tools to uncover steps of the apoptotic cascade and to treat various diseases, most notably cancer. While there are several useful compounds available, limitations in potency, universality, or speed of cell death of these pro-apoptotic agents have meant that no single compound is suitable for all (or most) purposes. Raptinal is a recently described small molecule that induces intrinsic pathway apoptosis rapidly and reliably, and consequently, has been utilized in cell culture and whole organisms for a wide range of biological studies. Its distinct mechanism of action complements the current arsenal of cytotoxic compounds, making it useful as a probe for the apoptosis pathway and other cellular processes. The rapid induction of cell death by Raptinal and its widespread commercial availability make it the pro-apoptotic agent of choice for many applications.
Mutual reinforcement of land-based carbon dioxide removal and international emissions trading in deep decarbonization scenarios
Authors: Morris Jennifer , Gurgel Angelo , Mignone Bryan K. , Kheshgi Haroon , Paltsev Sergey
Published: August 2024

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies and international emissions trading are both widely represented in climate change mitigation scenarios, but the interplay among them has not been closely examined. By systematically varying key policy and technology assumptions in a global energy-economic model, we find that CDR and international emissions trading are mutually reinforcing in deep decarbonization scenarios. This occurs because CDR potential is not evenly distributed geographically, allowing trade to unlock this potential, and because trading in a net-zero emissions world requires negative emissions, allowing CDR to enable trade. Since carbon prices change in the opposite direction as the quantity of permits traded and CDR deployed, we find that the total amount spent on emissions trading and the revenue received by CDR producers do not vary strongly with constraints on emissions trading or CDR. However, spending is more efficient and GDP is higher when both CDR and trading are available.
Interference haptic stimulation and consistent quantitative tactility in transparent electrotactile screen with pressure-sensitive transistors
Authors: Lim Kyeonghee , Lee Jakyoung , Kim Sumin , Oh Myoungjae , Koh Chin Su , Seo Hunkyu , Hong Yeon-Mi , Chung Won Gi , Jang Jiuk , Lim Jung Ah , Jung Hyun Ho , Park Jang-Ung
Published: August 2024

Integrating tactile feedback through haptic interfaces enhances experiences in virtual and augmented reality. However, electrotactile systems, which stimulate mechanoreceptors directly, often yield inconsistent tactile results due to variations in pressure between the device and the finger. In this study, we present the integration of a transparent electrotactile screen with pressure-sensitive transistors, ensuring highly consistent quantitative haptic sensations. These transistors effectively calibrate tactile variations caused by touch pressure. Additionally, we explore remote-distance tactile stimulations achieved through the interference of electromagnetic waves. We validated tactile perception using somatosensory evoked potentials, monitoring the somatosensory cortex response. Our haptic screen can stimulate diverse electrotactile sensations and demonstrate various tactile patterns, including Morse code and Braille, when integrated with portable smart devices, delivering a more immersive experience. Furthermore, interference of electric fields allows haptic stimulation to facilitate diverse stimulus positioning at lower current densities, extending the reach beyond direct contact with electrodes of our screen.
Correction: Co-delivery of all-trans-retinoic acid enhances the anti-metastasis effect of albumin-bound paclitaxel nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Hai , Shi Hongdong , Liu Jing , Min Yuanzeng , Wang Yucai , Wang Andrew Z. , Wang Jun , Liu Yangzhong
Published: August 2024

Correction for ‘Co-delivery of all-trans-retinoic acid enhances the anti-metastasis effect of albumin-bound paclitaxel nanoparticles’ by Hai Huang et al., Chem. Commun., 2017, 53, 212–215, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CC08146K.
Field evaluation of a biochar-amended stormwater filtration system for retention of nutrients, metals, and Escherichia coli
Authors: Ulrich Bridget A. , Weelborg Karina , Haile Tadele M. , Singh Udai B. , Magner Joe
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of biochar and iron-enhanced sand (IES) on the comprehensive contaminant retention performance of a field-scale sand filtration system.
Lacticaseibacillus casei- and Bifidobacterium breve-fermented red pitaya promotes beneficial microbial proliferation in the colon
Authors: Cao Li , Wan Mengxi , Xian Zhixing , Zhou Yongqiang , Dong Lihong , Huang Fei , Su Dongxiao
Published: August 2024

The fermentation of red pitaya pulp by Lacticaseibacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve resulted in the increased average molecular weight of oligosaccharides and the augmented abundance of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium.
Sustainable green synthesis of Hedychium coronarium leaf extract-stabilized silver nanoparticles and their applications: colorimetric sensing of Sn2+ and Hg2+ and antifungal and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Sahu Sanjay Kumar , Kushwaha Anjana , Pradhan Umakant , Majhi Purusottam , Shukla Awadesh Kumar , Ghorai Tanmay Kumar
Published: August 2024

Hedychium coronarium (Hc) (commonly known as Gulbakawali) leaf extract was used for the stable and sustainable green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Hc-AgNPs), which were biodegradable and non-toxic.
De novo Cu-MOF@CNS nanocomposite coated on a cotton fibrils framework for sustainable solar-driven desalination
Authors: Jain Geetika , Sanghamitra Sinu , Mukherjee Monalisa , Mandal Mrinal Kanti , Chaudhuri Rajib Ghosh , Chakrabarti Sandip
Published: August 2024

We developed a solar absorber derived from a Cu-MOF and CNS that were coated on cotton fibrils for generating potable water from saline water using solar radiation for efficient water evaporation that offers scalable production and promotes sustainability.
Tunable magnetism in nitride MXenes: consequences of atomic layer stacking
Authors: Sarmah Himangshu Sekhar , Ghosh Subhradip
Published: August 2024

The change in stacking from ABC to ABA causes a change in the magnetic ground state.
A bis-aromatic MOF system constructed with a copper iodine cluster and porphyrinic ligand for enhancing near-infrared photothermal conversion
Authors: Cao Man , Wang Qian-You , Li Run-Meng , Dai Fangfang , Wang Shan , Luo Peng , Hu Jia-Hua , Dong Xi-Yan , Huang Ren-Wu
Published: August 2024

An organic–inorganic bis-aromatic system achieves an NIR-II photothermal efficiency of up to 63.77%.
Regioselective tandem sulfonylation/cyclization of unsaturated N-substituted enamides with sulfonyl chlorides by copper catalysis
Authors: Ding Ran , Wu Tao , Ma Tao , Ji Wen-Chao , Li Zi-Rong , Gao Hui
Published: August 2024

The radical cascade cyclization of vinyl-tethered alkenes has become a promising tool for rapidly assembling nonbenzene-fused cyclic skeletons via the cracking of alkenyl C–H bonds, but this approach has been limited to generate five-membered rings.
Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective alkynylations of 8-pyrrole-appended BODIPYs
Authors: Wang Machongyang , Fan Shuibo , Duan Cong , Shu Hui , Ding Ruiquan , Zhou Mingbo , Xu Ling , Rao Yutao , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin
Published: August 2024

Rhodium-catalyzed C–H alkynylation to synthesize 1- and 1,7-di-alkynylated BODIPYs was reported, where the 8-appended pyrrole moiety acts as a directing group. Furthermore, photoinduced cyclization of alkynylated products has been also explored.
Controlled aggregation of Pt/PtH/Rh/RhH doped silver superatomic nanoclusters into 16-electron supermolecules
Authors: Chiu Tzu-Hao , Pillay Michael N. , Wu Ying-Yann , Niihori Yoshiki , Negishi Yuichi , Chen Jie-Ying , Chen Yuan Jang , Kahlal Samia , Saillard Jean-Yves , Liu C. W.
Published: August 2024

The controlled assembly of superatoms into well-defined supermolecules represents the next evolutionary step in the field of atomically precise nanoclusters.
An endo-functionalized molecular cage for selective potentiometric determination of creatinine
Authors: Lu Yu , Wang Song-Meng , He Sui-Sui , Huang Qicheng , Zhao Cheng-Da , Yu Shan , Jiang Wei , Yao Huan , Wang Li-Li , Yang Liu-Pan
Published: August 2024

An endo-functionalized molecular cage for selective recognition of creatinine was developed and employed as an ionophore, which enables the accurate potentiometric determination of creatinine levels in biological samples.
Fiber-shaped aqueous zinc ion batteries for wearable energy solutions
Authors: Cheng Jiazhe , Jiang Shou-xiang , Jia Hao
Published: August 2024

Fiber-shaped aqueous zinc-ion batteries for smart wearables offer high energy density, safety, and affordability, enabling integration into textiles for flexible, breathable energy solutions with miniaturization potential.
Expression of Concern: Low energy loss (0.42 eV) and efficiency over 15% enabled by non-fullerene acceptors containing N-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylbenzotriazole as the core in binary solar cells
Authors: Privado María , Donoso Beatriz , Khandelwal Kanupriya , Singhal Rahul , Guijarro Fernando G. , Díaz-Ortíz Ángel , Prieto Pilar , de la Cruz Pilar , Sharma Ganesh D. , Langa Fernando
Published: August 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Low energy loss (0.42 eV) and efficiency over 15% enabled by non-fullerene acceptors containing N-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylbenzotriazole as the core in binary solar cells’ by María Privado et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 13174–13182, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TC02289C.
Localization and Speech-in-Noise Performance in a Virtual Reality Test Environment: A Pilot Study of Adults With Single-Sided Deafness Using a Cochlear Implant
Authors: Sladen Douglas P. , Diedesch Anna C. , Zeitler Daniel M.
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this exploratory study was to (a) construct a virtual reality (VR) test environment to measure speech recognition in noise (SIN) and localization, and (b) use the VR test environment to establish degree of binaural hearing benefit among a small number of adults with single-sided deafness (SSD) using a cochlear implant (CI).

Method:

This pilot study included five adults implanted for SSD. The test environment was composed of an eight-speaker array that delivered restaurant noise and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers sentences. VR head-mounted display goggles delivered a video recording of a busy restaurant. Participants completed SIN and localization in two conditions: (a) normal-hearing ear and a CI on the contralateral SSD side (CI-ON) and (b) normal-hearing ear and unaided on the contralateral SSD side (CI-OFF).

Results:

Overall, CI benefits for SIN and localization within the VR test environment were improved for some participants, although not all. CI benefit for SIN and localization was dependent on speaker location.

Conclusions:

VR test environments present new opportunities for studying SIN and localization abilities in participants with CIs. This pilot study shows that, within a VR test environment, degree of CI benefit among SSD participants for SIN and localization varies across speaker location and across participants.
Research Priorities for Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Long View
Authors: McCabe Patricia , Beiting Molly , Hitchcock Elaine R. , Maas Edwin , Meredith Amy , Morgan Angela T. , Potter Nancy L. , Preston Jonathan L. , Moorer Laura , Aggarwal Pooja , Ballard Kirrie , Smith Laura Baskall , Caballero Nicole F. , Cabbage Kathryn , Case Julie , Caspari Susan , Chenausky Karen V. , Cook Shina , Grzelak Ewa , Gomez Maryane , Hagopian Aubrie , Highman Chantelle , Hodits Anne , Iuzzini-Seigel Jenya , LeVos-Carlson Jillian , Lewis Barbara A. , Mayro Patricia , Mehta Jyutika , Miller Gabrielle , Mory Kimberly D. , Murray Elizabeth , Overby Megan S. , Pasquel-Lefebvre Lucia , Peavy Derrick , Raaz Caitlin V. , Rea Brooke , Ford Denise Santos , Smith Lynn , Swartz Michelle T. , Taberski Melissa , Terband Hayo , Thomas Donna C. , Valentine Hannah , Tellingen Mirjam van , Velleman Shelley , Wang Emily , White Sarah , Wong Eddy C. H. , Grigos Maria I.
Published: August 2024

This article introduces the
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Special Issue: Selected Papers From the 2022 Apraxia Kids Research Symposium. The field of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) has developed significantly in the past 15 years, with key improvements in understanding of basic biology including genetics, neuroscience, and computational modelling; development of diagnostic tools and methods; diversity of evidence-based interventions with increasingly rigorous experimental designs; and understanding of impacts beyond impairment-level measures. Papers in this special issue not only review and synthesize the some of the substantial progress to date but also present novel findings addressing critical research gaps and adding to the overall body of knowledge.

A second aim of this prologue is to report the current research needs in CAS, which arose from symposium discussions involving researchers, clinicians, and Apraxia Kids community members (including parents of children with CAS). Four primary areas of need emerged from discussions at the symposium. These were: (a) What questions should we ask? (b) Who should be in the research? (c) How do we conduct the research? and (d) How do we move from research to practice? Across themes, symposium attendees emphasized the need for CAS research to better account for the diversity of people with CAS and improve the timeliness of implementation of high-level evidence-based practice across the lifespan. It is our goal that the articles and prologue discussion in this special issue provide an appreciation of advancements in CAS research and an updated view of the most pressing needs for future research.
Multi‐energy system horizon planning: Early decarbonisation in China avoids stranded assets
Authors: Zhou Xiaowei , Strunz Kai , Brown Tom , Sun Hongbin , Neumann Fabian
Published: August 2024

An appropriate decarbonisation pathway is crucial to achieving carbon neutrality in China before 2060. This paper studies decarbonisation pathways for China's energy system between 2020 and 2060 using an open, provincial, and hourly resolved, networked model within the context of multi‐period planning with myopic investment foresight. Two representative decarbonisation pathways are compared, with particular attention to the synergies of coupling the electricity and heating sectors. An early and steady path in which emissions are strongly reduced in the first decade is more cost‐effective than following a late and rapid path. Early decarbonisation in the electricity sector avoids stranded investments in fossil infrastructure and preserves the carbon budget for later emissions in the difficult‐to‐decarbonise heating sector. Retrofitting the existing coal power plants by adding carbon capture facilities is cost‐effective in both decarbonisation pathways. The hourly and non‐interrupted resolution for a full weather year reveals the balancing strategies of highly renewable, sector‐coupled systems. The significant seasonal variation of heat demand dominates long‐term storage behaviours.
Design of super wide band 3‐way power divider/combiner
Authors: Mungara Nagarakshith , Ray Kamla Prasan
Published: August 2024

A 1:3‐way power divider/combiner has been proposed for much improved bandwidth and isolation between output ports. The matching network for the super wide bandwidth frequency range is designed using a combination of the Klopfenstein taper and the triangular taper. The proposed design yields bandwidth from 1.5 to 20 GHz (18.5 GHz) for return loss better than 15 dB and isolation better than 20 dB. The insertion loss for the entire frequency band is 0.8 dB which is only 0.34 dB for the ultra‐wide bandwidth (3.1–10.6 GHz). The maximum phase imbalance of 3.32° and amplitude imbalance of 0.199 dB between all the output ports have been achieved over the entire bandwidth. The simulated results have been validated experimentally.
Extraversion prediction from EEG coherence during a face-to-face interaction task using machine learning techniques
Authors: Syahirah Roslan Nur , Albashah Nur Lyana Shahfiqa , Faye Ibrahima
Published: August 2024

Researchers have begun investigating personality assessments using brain-imaging techniques, such as electroencephalography (EEG). However, previous studies usually utilised EEG power, resting state, and video stimulus in the extraversion classification study, which could be the factors contributing to insufficient accuracy. Thus, this study proposes to classify extraversion using EEG coherence during a face-to-face interaction task. A total of 32 healthy male individuals were selected for this study based on their scores on the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). Sixteen of the individuals were identified as extraverts, whereas the remaining sixteen were identified as introverts. The study employed the Kruskal-Wallis H test to identify the high-ranking features. For the extraversion classification, optimizable KNN and SVM were utilised, along with leave-one-out cross-validation. The findings indicated that employing 1624 EEG coherence features yielded an accuracy of less than 80%. However, when applying feature selection, the accuracy increased up to 84.4%. Hence, we believe the study offers valuable insights for extraversion classification.
An unsupervised machine learning approach for estimating missing daily rainfall data in peninsular malaysia
Authors: Loh Wing Son , Tan Wei Lun , Chin Ren Jie , Ling Lloyd , Phoon Sheong Wei , Seah Choon Sen
Published: August 2024

Rainfall data plays a vital role in various fields including agriculture, hydrology, climatology, and water resource management. Stakeholders had raised concerns over the issue of missing rainfall data as it presents a huge obstacle in achieving reliable climate forecasts. Therefore, it is necessary to perform accurate estimation for the missing daily rainfall data. Each year, the peninsular Malaysia experiences a significant rainfall event during the monsoon period due to the North-East monsoon (NEM) wind. The intricate spatial rainfall dynamics requires a computational model, capable of generating accurate estimates and deciphering hidden patterns from the missing data. An unsupervised machine learning model known as the Self-Organising Feature Map (SOFM) is developed to estimate the missing daily rainfall across 10 rainfall stations during the NEM period between 2010 and 2020. The SOFM exhibited reliable performance across the percentage of missingness between 10% to 50%. Below 50% missingness, the evaluated statistical metrics, coefficient of determination (R2) is attained above 0.5, ranging between 0.504 and 0.915; root mean square error (RMSE) between 15.9 to 22.7. The feature maps enabled the visualisation of the relationship between the rainfall intensity and studied rainfall stations. The feature maps suggested that the studied rainfall stations are inhomogeneous.
Investigating determinants of innovation performance maturity in Malaysian private universities: A partial least squares structural equation modelling analysis
Authors: Othman Ainin Zakiah , Zainal Abidin Nur Balqishanis
Published: August 2024

In response to the dynamic changes in the contemporary world, innovation has become imperative for Private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to keep pace with evolving institutions. While Total Quality Management (TQM) practices have been extensively examined in the context of determining factors supporting innovation performance, conflicting results from various studies necessitate a fresh perspective. This study adopts the Capability Maturity Model (CMM) to enhance the impact of TQM practices on Innovation Performance, introducing a novel hybrid theory termed TQM-CMM which is a combination of TQM and CMM to enhance the application of TQM practices by assessing its maturity level, addressing the issue of conflicting results observed in previous studies. The objective is to elucidate the interconnected relationships among key factors influencing innovation performance in private higher education institutions (HEIs). A survey conducted at Malaysian private HEIs, yielding 115 valid responses, reveals that two out of seven hypothesized correlates among the constructs were statistically significant at two-tailed tests, evidenced bytvalues exceeding 1.96 calculated from 10,000 bootstrapped samples. This research contributes valuable insights for academics and offers potential enhancements to university performance.
The impact of the pandemic on the retail industry sales in South Africa: A Box-Jenkins approach
Authors: Masena Thabiso Ernest , Shongwe Sandile Charles
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study is to investigate the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the South African retail industry sales using the seasonal autoregressive moving average (SARIMA) from the time series analysis tool pack called Box-Jenkins methodology. The model with the best fit to the total monthly retail sales series is the SARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,0)12 model as it has the lowest values of the model selection and adequacy measures such as the Akaike’s information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, root mean square error and the mean absolute percentage error. This study concludes that the South African retail industry is remarkably resilient sector because while it was unstable during lockdown, the total retail sales recovered to their pre-intervention levels as soon as less strict lockdown levels were implemented.
Zivilrechtliche Haftung von Psychotherapeut*innen – Eine Übersicht
Authors: Bossenmayer Jörg
Published: August 2024

Auch wenn es i. d. R. gutgeht, kommen Fehler von Therapeut*innen bei oder im Zusammenhang mit einer
Therapie vor. Sie können sowohl strafrechtliche und zivilrechtliche als auch berufsrechtliche und – bei
angestellten Therapeut*innen – arbeitsrechtliche Folgen haben.
Use of a slow-release GnRH implant in an adult billy
goat
Authors: Demattio Lukas , Fietz Daniela , Schuler Gerhard , Wehrend Axel
Published: August 2024

A 9.4 mg deslorelin slow-release implant was inserted into an adult, healthy
billy goat to achieve temporary infertility and a reduction in sexual behavior.
The implant was inserted in late autumn. No significant change in testis size
was observed over the following 6 weeks. The endocrine function of the testis,
which was examined by stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin, was also
unchanged after 6 weeks compared to the initial examination. Histological
examination revealed a preserved spermatogenesis.

In conclusion, the application of a GnRH analogue implant in the adult male goat
has no influence on the investigated parameters – and thus probably also on its
fertility.
Developing and Implementing a Clinical Informatics Curriculum
Authors: Spiegelman Lindsey , Rudkin Scott , Portillo Sonia , O'Connell Ryan
Published: August 2024

Objectives We developed and implemented a customized internal clinical informatics (CI) curriculum for the UC Irvine CI Fellowship program. The goal was to transition from an externally sourced curriculum to a more focused, internally developed program, aligning with feedback from early fellows and the evolving practical needs of clinical informatics. By designing this curriculum in-house, we sought to provide a more efficient, cost-effective, and relevant educational experience for fellows.

Methods The curriculum was designed over a one-year period, beginning in July 2021 and launched in July 2022. The development process involved collaboration among core clinical informatics faculty, organizing the content into 13 thematic blocks, each spanning four weeks. Each block included a mix of pre-recorded lectures for asynchronous learning and interactive sessions for applied, synchronous learning. The curriculum was designed to cycle twice over the course of the two-year fellowship, with second-year fellows taking on greater teaching responsibilities to solidify their knowledge. Feedback was gathered from graduating fellows and used to iteratively refine the content and structure.

Results Feedback from fellows during the first year of implementation was overwhelmingly positive, with evaluations indicating high satisfaction regarding the relevance, focus, and practical application of the content. Quantitative and qualitative feedback suggested that fellows found the internal curriculum more aligned with their learning goals compared to the prior external curriculum. Modifications were made based on fellow input to adjust the number and structure of interactive sessions, ensuring high-yield learning.

Conclusion This case study highlights the successful development and implementation of a customized clinical informatics curriculum at UC Irvine. The curriculum offers a more tailored, responsive, and comprehensive educational model, addressing both financial constraints and the need for a practical, focused learning experience. This initiative provides valuable insights and a potential framework for other institutions seeking to transition to an internal informatics curriculum.
Thermal behavior of radiated tetra-nanofluid flow with different parameters
Authors: Adnan  , Abbas Waseem , Mahmood Zafar , Khan Sami Ullah , Mahmoud Emad E. , Khan Yasir , Nasrat Mohammad Khalid
Published: August 2024

This work’s main objective is to investigate the thermal behavior of a tetra-ferrite-based nanofluid model under four physical controls. The tetra-nanofluid contains Fe3O4, CoFe2O4, NiZnFe2O4, and MnZnFe2O4 tetra-nanoparticles over a porous surface using ethylene and water (50%–50%) as the base fluid. The fundamental constitutive models are reduced nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate transformative functions. The resulting set of governing equations are found using the Runge–Kutta algorithm. The impacts of critical quantities on the heat transfer, shear factor, and Nusselt number are illustrated through graphs and numerical data. It is noticed that when the concentration of nanoparticles is from 0.1% to 0.6%, the thermal conductivity varies from 102.661% to 116.706% for nanofluid (NF), 108.893% to 140.384% for hybrid nanofluid, and 117.994% to 195.794% for tetra-nanofluid (Tet.NF), which played a crucial role in the temperature performance of the fluidic system. Furthermore, the velocity depreciated against ϕ1 = 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%. The Forchheimer effects Fr = 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, Q = 0.1, 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, and Rd = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 enhanced the temperature of all types of NFs, while the stretching parameter S = 0.01, 0.08, 0.15, 0.22 reduced it. The results would benefit the researchers about the prediction of the parametric ranges and nanoparticle concentration to acquire the heat transfer results for practical applications, particularly in applied thermal engineering.
Time stretch with continuous-wave lasers
Authors: Zhou Tingyi , Goto Yuta , Makino Takeshi , MacPhee Callen , Zhou Yiming , Madni Asad M. , Furukawa Hideaki , Wada Naoya , Jalali Bahram
Published: August 2024

Ultrafast single-shot measurement techniques with high throughput are needed for capturing rare events that occur over short time scales. Such instruments unveil non-repetitive dynamics in complex systems and enable new types of spectrometers, cameras, light scattering, and lidar systems. Photonic time stretch stands out as the most effective method for such applications. However, practical uses have been challenged by the reliance of current time stretch instruments on costly supercontinuum lasers and their fixed spectrum. The challenge is further exacerbated by such a laser’s rigid self-pulsating characteristic, which offers no ability to control the pulse timing. The latter hinders the synchronization of the optical source with the incoming signal—a crucial requirement for the detection of single-shot events. Here, we report the first demonstration of time stretch using electro-optically modulated continuous wave lasers. We do this using diode lasers and modulators commonly used in wavelength-division-multiplexing optical communication systems. This approach offers more cost-effective and compact time stretch instruments and sensors and enables the synchronization of the laser source with the incoming signal. Limitations of this new approach are also discussed, and applications in time stretch microscopy and light scattering are explored.
The intrinsic ferromagnetic half-metals with high Curie temperature of tetragonal XCrS4 (X=Ti, Zr) monolayer
Authors: Sun Hongtong , Yin Chunhao , Zhao Zihao , Gao Jianing , Wang Xing
Published: August 2024

Two-dimensional intrinsic magnetic materials with a high Curie temperature (TC) and 100% spin-polarization are highly desirable for creating spintronic devices. In this work, the electronic structure and intrinsic magnetism of XCrS4 (X = Ti, Zr) monolayers are predicted by using first-principles calculations. XCrS4 (X = Ti, Zr) monolayer materials exhibit excellent dynamical, thermal, and dynamically stable stability and small binding energy. The band structures show that XCrS4 (X = Ti, Zr) monolayers are intrinsic ferromagnetic (FM) half-metals with wide half-metallic gaps. Monte Carlo simulations based on the Heisenberg model are used to estimate the Curie temperature (TC) of the TiCrS4 (73 K) and ZrCrS4 (216 K) monolayers. The magnetic performances can be significantly modulated by strain; the TiCrS4 monolayer can undergo FM to antiferromagnetic phase transition under certain uniaxial and biaxial strains. The results indicate that the intrinsic half-metals with higher TC and controllable magnetic properties make XCrS4 (X = Ti, Zr) monolayers enrich the application of nanoscale spintronic devices.
Effects of magnetic field topography on the ion thruster discharge chamber performance
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Geng Hai , Meng Wei , Yan Nengwen , Hu Jing , Li Xingda
Published: August 2024

It is the magnetic field topography that determines the ion thruster discharge performance. A three-dimension numerical model of the 20 cm ion thruster discharge chamber was established, and a particle-in-cell method was used to model the discharge process to investigate the effect of the magnetic field topography on the ionization rate and plasma distribution. The results showed that compared with the cylindrical-cusp magnetic field topography, the ring-cusp field made the energetic electrons primarily confined for their increased path length prior to loss to the anode wall and caused the ionization rate to be increased, but the plasma distributed uniformly upstream of the screen grid and the beam flatness was compared to be decreased to 14.8%. When the magnet size was increased and the distance between magnets was changed, the magnetic field contour and the magnetic flux density were modified, and then an improved beam flatness was obtained, from 0.556 to 0.658, by 15.5%.
On the topological number in Kelvin’s circulation of inviscid fluids
Authors: Guo Z B
Published: August 2024

Kelvin’s circulation, as a loop integral of the velocity field, is first shown to be equal to

Γ

C

=
2
π
Δ
n

Γ

1

+
constant

in an inviscid fluid, with Γ1 a unit circulation. The integer Δn is interpreted as the number of net 2π-rotations of the velocity vector in one cyclicality along the circulation loop and hence it is a topological number. Different from the linkage number in the helicity invariant, which only exists in 3D space, the topological number in the circulation invariant is independent of the spatial dimension. A further study reveals that this new topological phase 2πΔn is rooted at the gauge invariance of the circulation and it is a counterpart of the Berry’s phase in the quantum system.
Quantum tomography of a photon-number-resolving detector based on continuous time multiplexing: memory effect
Authors: Avosopiants G V , Katamadze K G , Borshchevskaia N A , Bogdanov Yu I , Kulik S P
Published: August 2024

We address the characterization of a photon-number-resolving detector based on continuous time multiplexing. We develop and verify a mathematical model of this detector and explore various approaches to its quantum tomography. Additionally, we encounter a memory effect and discuss the feasibility of describing this type of detector using a transfer matrix or positive operator-valued measure (POVM) decomposition.
Structural design and analysis of multi-rotor UAV
Authors: Zhang Liangyang , Xi Chao , Li Yihai , Chen Li
Published: August 2024

As an important aircraft branch, multi-rotor UAV is widely used in civil and military fields. In this paper, the overall scheme design of a multi-rotor UAV is proposed and the structural design flow and analysis and calculation process are introduced in detail. With the help of three-dimensional modeling software, the body structure of the multi-rotor UAV is obtained, and the relevant design parameters are determined. In addition, ANSYS software is used for structural finite element analysis, and the strength and stiffness of the body structure are analyzed according to different flight conditions. The analysis results show that the design is reasonable and meets the use requirements, which guides further research.
Deformation control and weight optimization of civil aircraft nose structures
Authors: Zhao Enkang , Yuan Xinhao
Published: August 2024

The airtight load is one of the main loads on civil aircraft fuselage, and the fuselage cross-section will tend to deform in a positive circle under the effect of the airtight load. Deformation varies for structures with different contour curvatures for the same airtight load and structural stiffness, especially in the contraction section of the fuselage. Therefore, the deformation of the structure can be controlled by optimizing the contour curvature without increasing the structure stiffness, resulting in a lighter overall weight for the same deformation, thus achieving weight reduction. In a civil aircraft concept design phase, structural deformation control was carried out by optimizing the nose contour, and the results showed that a structural weight reduction of approximately 4% was achieved with a maximum reduction of 23% in structural deformation.
Aerodynamic shape optimization of aft propulsive fuselage concept using an internal/external integration model
Authors: Liu Xingjian , Lu Yujiang , Wang Xuelin , Zhang Zhihua , Jiang Chen
Published: August 2024

The new turboelectric aircraft with aft propulsion fuselage concept (APFC) utilizes an electrically driven fan powered by main engines that ingest the fuselage boundary layer for increased propulsive efficiency. However, with the high integration of the fuselage and the aft propulsion system, the APFC produces the coupling problem of the internal/external flow field. In this paper, an integration model using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based aerodynamic shape optimization is performed to study the power savings of the APFC to a reference traditional podded configuration. The results show that the power savings of APFC have a better performance compared to a traditional propulsion system.
Impact analysis of design parameters and flow mechanism of ducted fan
Authors: Liu Yulu , Li Weipeng
Published: August 2024

The ducted fan has become one of the most promising electric propulsion devices for aviation electrification due to its high aerodynamic efficiency, excellent safety, and low aerodynamic noise. An accurate numerical calculation method for electrically driven ducted fans is established based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation (RANS) and the multiple reference frame (MRF) method, with validation of the computational results against NASA’s wind tunnel test for ducted fans. Based on the method, the effects of duct lip shape, tip clearance, and inflow velocity on the aerodynamic performance of the ducted fan, as well as the intrinsic mechanism, are investigated. The result shows that the curvature of the duct lip and the vertex position jointly affect the negative pressure area, thus affecting the additional thrust of the duct; the increasing tip clearance weakens the inhibitory effect on the tip vortex, leading to decreased aerodynamic efficiency. The thrust contribution of the duct in the cruise state is significantly lower compared to the hover state. As the inflow velocity increases, the thrust of the ducted fan decreases, while the propulsion efficiency first increases and then decreases.
Performance analysis of CAT III autoland systerm under steady wind interference
Authors: Yang Jianzhong , Hao Yanan , Yang Shibin
Published: August 2024

In view of the certification for the CAT III autoland of Civil aircraft, an analysis method based on Monte Carlo simulation is proposed. First of all, the performance requirements of CAT III autoland of Civil aircraft are analyzed, and then the autoland model of aircraft with six degrees of freedom is established, and the guidance law, autoland control law and steady wind random model are designed, and then the quantitative analysis of the touchdown point, touchdown attitude angle and vertical speed are carried out by Monte Carlo random simulation. The simulation results show that the autoland system satisfy the CAT III Autoland design requirements under steady wind interference, and recognize the factors that have a great influence on the automatic landing performance and the limitations of the CAT III autoland system through Monte Carlo simulation, which provides reference for the subsequent airworthiness compliance verification of civil aircraft.
Numerical study on the duty cycle of a pulsed jet in the combustion flow field
Authors: Wang Yuhan
Published: August 2024

The study of steady fuel injection schemes is becoming more and more mature and has been widely used in the combustion chamber, while the time effect of fuel injection is also worth studying. This paper discusses the effect of pulse jets with different duty cycles on the combustion efficiency of hydrogen gas using the same jet parameters. The combustion flow fields are calculated with Reynold-averaged multi-component N-S equations, based on the finite volume method. The result shows that when the duty cycle is increased, the hydrogen mass flow rate increases, the impulse interference is enhanced, the amount of hydrogen combusted increases, and the total pressure recovery coefficient decreases, which is still larger than the steady jet. At the duty cycle of 0.75, the amount of hydrogen combusted increases by about 14% compared to the steady jet. When the duty cycle is 0.25, the total pressure recovery coefficient of the exit section of the combustion chamber increases by about 9.2% compared with the steady jet.
Disturbance observer-based attitude control for flight vehicle under actuators output deviation disturbance and sensor noise
Authors: Zhang Dafa , Meng Wengong , Gao Xuegang , Zhu Qian , Chai Dingyu , Ma Pengbao , Cui Qiang
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the problem of attitude stabilization control for flight vehicle subject to actuators output deviation disturbance and sensor noise. Firstly, a full order observer is designed which gives an estimation of system state and external disturbances. Furthermore, to ensure attitude error converging to zero, an attitude stabilization control law which is based on output-feedback method is developed. Finally, numerical simulation and semi-physical simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed attitude stabilization control law.
Design and mechanism research of extremely strong anti-corrosion coatings with rapid self-healing capability
Authors: Jiang H , Cheng M , Li C , Sun S Q , Hu S
Published: August 2024

Organic coatings possess great anti-corrosion properties, but they cannot repair themselves after being damaged and thus losing their protective ability. In this article, we designed a new coating capable of self-healing and superior anti-corrosion properties. In the molecular structure, the existence of abundant hydrogen bonds and N elements endows the coating excellent adhesion strength (8.36 MPa) and anti-corrosion property. The dynamic rearrangement of the numerous hydrogen bonds after being damaged can also promotes the self-healing process. After self-healing at 60 °C for 3 h, the toughness of the coating can recover by 89.3% and the anti-corrosion performance is also similar to the original sample. Besides we also performed the self-healing mechanism analysis combining the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experimental methods. According to the change of vdW energy and the number of hydrogen bonds analysis during the self-healing process, the recombination of hydrogen bonds and (van der Waals) vdW interactions promote self-healing. This work offers a valuable strategy for engineering protective coatings that possess both efficient self-healing capabilities and sensitive corrosion reporting functions and a feasible method to perform the mechanism analysis.