bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the MG828507 lncRNA Located Upstream of the FLT1 Gene as an Etiology for Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Yoshizawa Hikari , Nishizawa Haruki , Inagaki Hidehito , Hitachi Keisuke , Ohwaki Akiko , Sakabe Yoshiko , Ito Mayuko , Tsuchida Kunihiro , Sekiya Takao , Fujii Takuma , Kurahashi Hiroki
Published: August 2022

Background: FLT1 is one of the significantly overexpressed genes found in a pre-eclamptic placenta and is involved with the etiology of this disease. Methods: We conducted genome-wide expression profiling by RNA-seq of placentas from women with pre-eclampsia and those with normotensive pregnancy. Results: We identified a lncRNA gene, MG828507, located ~80 kb upstream of the FLT1 gene in a head-to-head orientation, which was overexpressed in the pre-eclamptic placenta. MG828507 and FLT1 are located within the same topologically associated domain in the genome. The MG828507 mRNA level correlated with that of the FLT1 in placentas from pre-eclamptic women as well as in samples from uncomplicated pregnancies. However, neither the overexpression nor knockdown of MG828507 affected the expression of FLT1. Analysis of pre-eclampsia-linking genetic variants at this locus suggested that the placental genotype of one variant was associated with the expression of MG828507. The MG828507 transcript level was not found to be associated with maternal blood pressure, but showed a relationship with birth and placental weights, suggesting that this lncRNA might be one of the pivotal placental factors in pre-eclampsia. Conclusion: Further characterization of the MG828507 gene may elucidate the etiological roles of the MG828507 and FLT1 genes in pre-eclampsia in a genomic context.
Irish Wave Data—Rogues, Analysis and Continuity
Authors: Nic Guidhir Méabh , Kennedy Donal , Berry Alan , Christy Barry , Clancy Colm , Creamer Columba , Westbrook Guy , Gallagher Sarah
Published: August 2022

The Marine Institute of Ireland operates a network of weather buoys around Ireland. A wave of 32.3 m height (crest–trough) was recorded by one of these buoys, the M6 buoy, off the coast of Ireland in October 2020. In this paper, the technological evolution of this network is explored, with a particular emphasis on this extremely high wave. Raw data and bulk parameters collected during the event are presented, and the wider met-ocean context is outlined. In addition, wave data across the buoy deployment period from dual wave sensors installed on the buoy are analysed. Differences in calculation methods are discussed, rogue incidence rates are calculated, and the sensors are found to be generally in good agreement for key sea state parameters. Considerations specific to this network of buoys are described, including recent advances in technology that may affect continuity of historic records. Wave data from the buoys are found to be robust; the importance of keeping technological changes in mind and using the full raw dataset for analysis purposes are highlighted.
Physicochemical Control of Caribbean Coral Calcification Linked to Host and Symbiont Responses to Varying pCO2 and Temperature
Authors: Eagle Robert A. , Guillermic Maxence , De Corte Illian , Alvarez Caraveo Blanca , Bove Colleen B. , Misra Sambuddha , Cameron Louise P. , Castillo Karl D. , Ries Justin B.
Published: August 2022

It is thought that the active physiological regulation of the chemistry of a parent fluid is an important process in the biomineralization of scleractinian corals. Biological regulation of calcification fluid pH (pHCF) and other carbonate chemistry parameters ([CO32−]CF, DICCF, and ΩCF) may be challenged by CO2 driven acidification and temperature. Here, we examine the combined influence of changing temperature and CO2 on calcifying fluid regulation in four common Caribbean coral species—Porites astreoides, Pseudodiploria strigosa, Undaria tenuifolia, and Siderastrea siderea. We utilize skeletal boron geochemistry (B/Ca and δ11B) to probe the pHCF, [CO32−]CF, and DICCF regulation in these corals, and δ13C to track changes in the sources of carbon for calcification. Temperature was found to not influence pHCF regulation across all pCO2 treatments in these corals, in contrast to recent studies on Indo-Pacific pocilloporid corals. We find that [DIC]CF is significantly lower at higher temperatures in all the corals, and that the higher temperature was associated with depletion of host energy reserves, suggesting [DIC]CF reductions may result from reduced input of respired CO2 to the DIC pool for calcification. In addition, δ13C data suggest that under high temperature and CO2 conditions, algal symbiont photosynthesis continues to influence the calcification pool and is associated with low [DIC]CF in P. strigosa and P. astreoides. In P. astreoides this effect is also associated with an increase in chlorophyll a concentration in coral tissues at higher temperatures. These observations collectively support the assertion that physicochemical control over coral calcifying fluid chemistry is coupled to host and symbiont physiological responses to environmental change, and reveals interspecific differences in the extent and nature of this coupling.
The Dicarboxylate Transporters from the AceTr Family and Dct-02 Oppositely Affect Succinic Acid Production in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Rendulić Toni , Mendonça Bahia Frederico , Soares-Silva Isabel , Nevoigt Elke , Casal Margarida
Published: August 2022

Membrane transporters are important targets in metabolic engineering to establish and improve the production of chemicals such as succinic acid from renewable resources by microbial cell factories. We recently provided a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain able to strongly overproduce succinic acid from glycerol and CO2 in which the Dct-02 transporter from Aspergillus niger, assumed to be an anion channel, was used to export succinic acid from the cells. In a different study, we reported a new group of succinic acid transporters from the AceTr family, which were also described as anion channels. Here, we expressed these transporters in a succinic acid overproducing strain and compared their impact on extracellular succinic acid accumulation with that of the Dct-02 transporter. The results show that the tested transporters of the AceTr family hinder succinic acid accumulation in the extracellular medium at low pH, which is in strong contrast to Dct-02. Data suggests that the AceTr transporters prefer monovalent succinate, whereas Dct-02 prefers divalent succinate anions. In addition, the results provided deeper insights into the characteristics of Dct-02, showing its ability to act as a succinic acid importer (thus being bidirectional) and verifying its capability of exporting malate.
Blastomycosis—Some Progress but Still Much to Learn
Authors: Pullen Matthew F. , Alpern Jonathan D. , Bahr Nathan C.
Published: August 2022

Blastomycosis, caused by Blastomyces spp., is an endemic mycosis capable of causing significant disease throughout the body. Higher rates of infection are seen in the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys, the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, much of Africa, and, to a lesser extent, in India and the Middle East. Limited reporting inhibits our true understanding of the geographic distribution of blastomycosis. An estimated 50% of those infected remain asymptomatic. Of those who present with symptomatic disease, pulmonary involvement is most common, while the most common extrapulmonary sites are the skin, bones, genitourinary system, and central nervous system. Itraconazole is the standard therapy for mild–moderate disease. Data for other azoles are limited. Amphotericin is used for severe disease, and corticosteroids are occasionally used in severe disease, but evidence for this practice is limited. Despite increasing incidence and geographic reach in recent years, there are still significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of blastomycosis. Here, we provide an updated review of the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this infection. We also discuss areas needing further research.
Two Novel Species of Talaromyces Discovered in a Karst Cave in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark of Southern Thailand
Authors: Nuankaew Salilaporn , Chuaseeharonnachai Charuwan , Preedanon Sita , Somrithipol Sayanh , Saengkaewsuk Supicha , Kwantong Papichaya , Phookongchai Sarinya , Srikitikulchai Prasert , Kobmoo Noppol , Wang Xin-Cun , Zhang Zhi-Feng , Cai Lei , Suetrong Satinee , Boonyuen Nattawut
Published: August 2022

Karst caves are oligotrophic environments that appear to support a high diversity of fungi. Studies of fungi in Thailand’s caves are limited. During a 2019 exploration of the mycobiota associated with soil samples from a karst cave, namely, Phu Pha Phet in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark in Satun Province, southern Thailand, two previously undescribed fungi belonging to Talaromyces (Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes) were studied using a polyphasic approach combining phenotypic and molecular data. Based on datasets of four loci (ITS, BenA, CaM, and RPB2), phylogenetic trees of the section Trachyspermi were constructed, and two new species—Talaromyces phuphaphetensis sp. nov. and T. satunensis sp. nov.—phylogenetically related to T. subericola, T. resinae, and T. brasiliensis, are described. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the new species are provided. This study increases the number of cave-dwelling soil fungi discovered in Thailand’s Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, which appears to be a unique environment with a high potential for discovering fungal species previously undescribed.
Plaster Casts vs. Intraoral Scans: Do Different Methods of Determining the Final Occlusion Affect the Simulated Outcome in Orthognathic Surgery?
Authors: Awad Daniel , Häfner Andy , Reinert Siegmar , Kluba Susanne
Published: August 2022

A virtual occlusal adjustment in orthognathic surgery has many advantages; however, the haptic information offered by plaster casts is missing when using intraoral scans. Feeling the interferences may be helpful in defining the best possible occlusion. Whether the use of a virtual occlusal adjustment instead of the conventional approach has a significant effect on the postsurgical position of the jaws is a question that remains unanswered. This study compares a virtual method to the conventional method of defining the final occlusion. Twenty-five orthognathic patients were included. Bimaxillary and single-jaw orthognathic surgery (mandible only) was simulated. The two methods were compared regarding discrepancies in the simulated postsurgical position of the mandible, measured three-dimensionally using MeshLab (MeshLab 2020.12 3D). An analysis using SPSS revealed no significant differences between the tested methods (p-values: 0.580 to 0.713). The mean absolute discrepancies ranged from 0.14 mm to 0.72 mm, laying within the scope of the clinically acceptable inaccuracies of an osteosynthesis in orthognathic surgery. The lack of haptic information in virtual planning had no relevant influence on the definition of the final occlusion and the simulated postsurgical outcome. However, in individual cases, plaster models might still be helpful in finding the adequate occlusion, especially in the sagittal dimension and in cases of patients with an anterior open bite, but this remains to be tested.
Identifying Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease in UK Primary Care: A Case–Control Study and Prediction Model
Authors: Evans William , Akyea Ralph Kwame , Weng Stephen , Kai Joe , Qureshi Nadeem
Published: August 2022

Bicuspid aortic valve disease (BAV) is the most common congenital heart condition, and early detection can improve outcomes for patients. In this case–control study, patients with a diagnosis of BAV were identified from their electronic primary-care records in the UK’s Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Each case was propensity-score matched to up to five controls. The clinical features recorded before diagnosis were compared. The proposed clinical features shown to be associated with BAV (p < 0.05) were incorporated into a multivariable regression model. We identified 2898 cases. The prevalence of BAV in the CPRD was 1 in 5181, significantly lower than expected, suggesting that diagnosis and/or recording could be improved. The following biologically plausible clinical features were associated with a subsequent diagnosis of BAV: palpitations (OR: 2.86 (95% CI: 1.60, 3.16)), atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR: 2.25 (95% CI: 1.60, 3.16)) and hypertension (OR: 1.72 (1.48, 2.00)). The best model had an AUC of 0.669 (95% CI: 0.658 to 0.680), a positive predictive value (PPV) of 5.9% (95% CI: 4.0% to 8.7%) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99% (95% CI: 99% to 99%) at a population prevalence of 1%. This study indicates that palpitations, hypertension and AF should trigger a clinical suspicion of BAV and assessment via echocardiography. It also demonstrates the potential to develop a prediction model for BAV to stratify patients for echocardiography screening.
How Have District-Based House Price Earnings Ratios Evolved in England and Wales?
Authors: Gray David Paul
Published: August 2022

The central aim of this paper is to provide a baseline framework for describing the evolution of an affordability indicator at a district level, before and after the financial crisis of 2008. From the mid-1990s to 2019 house price-earnings ratio for England and Wales appear to have ratcheted-up, with the growth rate more rapid just before and a temporary decline just after the crisis. This masks a significant variation in evolutionary profiles. Following Turok and Mykhnenko in 2007 who set about exploring population trends in European cities, districts are classified into groups. Matching each district against ten stylised profiles, rather than cycles, persistent trends and single turning point paths in ratios are the norm. An asset-price model projects that finance will favour those bright futures so that spatial-sorting of those with high human capital leads to some districts benefitting from lending criteria out of line with others.
Difference of Usage Behavior between Urban Greenway and Suburban Greenway: A Case Study in Beijing, China
Authors: Li Liang , Gao Xinyue , Li Jingni , Meng Lu , Wang Ziyao , Yang Lu
Published: August 2022

Greenway is an important linear public space that meets the diverse needs of the public. With the increasing popularity of greenway construction, the study of different greenway usage behavior in different socio-economic areas is of great value to the detailed design and construction of greenway in the future. Using the theory of environment-behavior studies (EBS), this study selected representative urban greenways and suburban greenways in Beijing, China, and conducted a questionnaire survey. Descriptive statistics and the chi-squared test are used to quantitatively analyze and summarize the behavior of greenway users. It is found that user gender, educational level, and residence (i.e., permanent resident or visitor), as well as season of use, are highly similar for urban greenways and suburban greenways in Beijing. However, due to a close relationship with urban location, modified by temporal, spatial, and personal factors, different behavioral characteristics are evident as follows: (1) Urban greenways are most closely related to daily life, work and education of urban residents, with short travel distances, short single use time, high frequency of use, high social and cultural value, wide distribution of age groups and wide distribution of time periods of use. (2) Suburban greenways are an important choice for residents’ outdoor activities on weekends and holidays. It is mainly used for ecological protection and sightseeing, supplemented by sports and fitness functions. It has the characteristics of low use frequency, high income level, wide distribution of time and distance, mainly used by young and middle-aged people, and used for a single time of more than 1 hour. Natural scenery along the trail is the most important attraction factor, and waterfront space and walking space are the main use behavior characteristics.
Research on the Interactive Coupling Relationship between Land Space Development and Eco-Environment from the Perspective of Symbiosis: A Practical Analysis of Henan, China
Authors: Xie Xiaotong , Li Xiaoshun , Fan Huiping
Published: August 2022

As a key issue in China’s sustainable development, land space development (LSD) creates increasing pressure on the environment. Thus, a better understanding of the relationship between LSD and the eco-environment is necessary for Chinese policymakers to realize sustainable high-quality development. LSD and the eco-environment are closely related and mutually dependent, and the coupling coordination pattern between LSD and the eco-environment has great significance to promoting high-quality development and ecological civilization construction in the region. This study highlights the equilibrium between LSD and ecological protection and introduces symbiosis theory to measure the degree of coordinated and symbiotic development in the Henan province, using data from 2000–2018. The coupling coordination degree model was used to evaluate the coupling coordination relationship of spatial–temporal patterns and development type characteristics. The evaluated results show that there are regional gradient differences in the level of LSD and the eco-environment, and the coupling coordination degree of LSD and the eco-environment in the Henan province are in the bare coordination stage and on the verge of imbalance at present. In addition, the spatial correlation pattern between LSD and the eco-environment was discussed. It is proposed that there is a positive correlation between the coupling coordination degree of LSD and the eco-environment. Moreover, this study suggested implementing a scientific and high-quality development path of land space, reasonably coordinating the social, economic, and eco-environment of the Henan province, then promoting regional sustainable development.
The Embeddedness of Nature-Based Solutions in the Recovery and Resilience Plans as Multifunctional Approaches to Foster the Climate Transition: The Cases of Italy and Portugal
Authors: Di Pirro Elena , Mendes Rúben , Fidélis Teresa , Sallustio Lorenzo , Roebeling Peter , Marchetti Marco , Lasserre Bruno
Published: August 2022

European countries recently prepared recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) to recover from the pandemic crisis and reach climate neutrality. Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) are recognized as crucial drivers to fostering climate transition while addressing other challenges. Accordingly, RRPs offer the opportunity to promote the adoption of NBS. This article assesses the NBS embeddedness in the policy discourse of Italian and Portuguese RRPs and how they are considered to meet climate–and related environmental–targets. We conducted a discourse analysis based on two steps, (i) a quantitative analysis to classify different nature-related terms into four categories—biophysical elements, general environmental concepts, threats and challenges, and NBS—and estimate their frequency in the text; (ii) a qualitative analysis to understand the relationship between the categories of challenges and NBS as well as the dedicated investments. The results show that NBS are barely mentioned, with a frequency in the texts for the NBS category of 0.04% and 0.01%, respectively, in Italian and Portuguese RRPs. Narratives are mainly built around general concepts such as resilience and sustainability with nature scarcely considered as an ex novo solution to meet challenges. Notwithstanding, Italy invests 330 M in the implementation of urban forests, while in Portugal, no specific NBS interventions have been considered so far. To date, both countries are primarily orienting the climate transition toward reducing emissions instead of combining these measures with multifunctional NBS to address environmental and socio-economic challenges.
Effects of Heavy Degradation on Alpine Meadows: Soil N2O Emission Rates and Meta-Analysis in the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: He Huidan , Zhu Jingbin , Du Yangong , Qu Jiapeng , Kelong Chen , Zhou Huakun
Published: August 2022

Heavy grassland degradation is evident across the Tibetan Plateau. However, atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) emission rates and their underlying driving mechanisms in the southeast regions and across the Tibetan Plateau remain unclear. We analyzed the N2O emission rates of heavily degraded and undegraded alpine meadow soil incubation using gas chromatography in three river sources and meta-analysis methods across the Tibetan Plateau. The N2O emission rates of the heavily degraded and control meadows were respectively 4.29 ± 0.64 and 3.27 ± 0.53 g kg−1 h−1 in the southeast Tibetan Plateau (p < 0.01), indicating an increase of 31.16% on the N2O flux of heavy degradation. Heavy degradation increased N2O emission rates by 0.55 ± 0.14 (95% confidence interval: 0.27–0.83) through meta-analysis. High degradation increased by approximately 71.6% compared with that of the control. The water-filled pore space (WFPS) significantly influenced the N2O emission rate based on the moderator test (p < 0.05). The mixed-effect model results revealed that WFPS, soil nitrate, and bulk soil could explain 59.90%, 16.56%, and 15.19% of the variation in the N2O emission rates between the control and heavily degraded meadows, respectively. In addition, the N2O emission rates of heavily degraded meadows can be reduced by increasing WFPS and bulk density, and by reducing the soil nitrate content.
Climate Change, Agriculture, and Biodiversity: How Does Shifting Agriculture Affect Habitat Availability?
Authors: Cunningham Mary Ann
Published: August 2022

Models show that climate change is likely to push agricultural production in the US region known as the Corn Belt northward in coming decades. The economic and social impacts of this northward shift have received extensive attention, but its environmental impacts, such as effects on biodiversity, have received less focus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent and distribution of grassland-type habitat that is vulnerable to a northward-shifting Corn Belt. To analyze this question, geographic shifts in suitable climate conditions for the dominant crop, corn (Zea mays), were modelled. The amount and distribution of uncultivated (potential habitat) land cover classes was then calculated and mapped in current and future (2050) regions suitable for corn. In currently-suitable areas, the degree of climate suitability positively predicted the dominance of corn in the landscape and negatively predicted grasslands. Areas likely to become climatically suited for corn production contained modest amounts of grassland and herbaceous wetland, most of it privately held and lacking protected status. If economic incentives for corn remain strong, pressure to further simplify the landscape and further reduce habitat resources will likely increase in the coming decades. While global concern for biodiversity and habitat conservation is growing, this study raises the question of how wealthy countries are taking action, or not, to reduce further land conversion and habitat losses.
Evaluation and Optimization on Urban Regeneration Sustainability from the Perspective of Multidimensional Welfare of Resettled Resident—Evidence from Resettlement Communities in Xi’an, China
Authors: Zhou Yulin , Wei Lulu , Lan Feng , Li Xiang , Bian Jing
Published: August 2022

Urban regeneration is an important means for building sustainable cities and implementing China’s high-quality development strategy. In this paper, a sustainable regeneration PSR (Pressure-State-Response) model was established, and a state-layer evaluation model was constructed based on the perspective of resettled residents’ multidimensional welfare. Through questionnaire surveys with 210 centralized resettled households in Xi’an, China, the changes in the living conditions of resettled residents before and after the centralized resettlement were measured, the differentiation in individual changes were explored, and the sustainability of urban regeneration was evaluated, so as to optimize the sustainability of urban regeneration. The results show that, before and after urban regeneration, the changes at the state layer are not obvious on the whole. The sharp decline of social dimension welfare indicates that urban regeneration generates some new pressures while alleviating the imbalance of social development, and at the response layer, there is not sufficient attention to the residents’ emotions at the social level. Changes in the state layer are different due to individual characteristics, but there is no matching differentiated response to maintain the stability of the state. The research results are of great significance for optimizing residents’ welfare and solving the problems of sustainable regeneration from the perspective of humanistic welfare.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Urban Land Use Structure in Small Towns in China
Authors: Sun Yongqiang , Li Yan , Gao Jing , Yan Yan
Published: August 2022

This study analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban land use structure of more than 18,000 small towns in China by using the National Urban Land Use Survey Data between 2009 and 2013. It finds that the urban land area of small towns expanded rapidly during the research period. The spatial pattern of urban land use structure in small towns exhibits significant regional differences. Small towns in developed coastal regions, particularly those located in global urban areas, have a higher urban land use scale relative to small towns in central and western regions. However, the urban land use scale of small towns located in less developed inland areas has grown faster. The spatial distribution of urban stock land in small towns is mainly influenced by demographic and socio-economic factors. However, the spatial distribution of new urban land is primarily influenced by the land supply policy, which is tilted toward the central and western regions. In terms of structure, the proportion of production and living land in small towns is high, while the proportion of public services and facilities land is low. This trend is being strengthened, with commercial service land and industrial, mining, and storage land becoming the major drivers for the rapid rise of urban land in small towns. The allocation of construction land quotas should be consistent with the direction of population movement and the demands of socioeconomic development.
Study on the Deformation of Filling Bodies in a Loess Mountainous Area Based on InSAR and Monitoring Equipment
Authors: Wu Yuming , Lan Hengxing
Published: August 2022

Several land-creation projects, such as the Lanzhou New Area (LNA), have been undertaken in China as part of the Belt and Road Initiative to bring more living space to the local people in loess areas. However, undisturbed loess and remolded loess have different mechanical characteristics, which may influence the stability of the filling process. Therefore, we monitored the deformation through InSAR and field monitoring to investigate the deformation characteristics and their causes. We obtained the horizontal and vertical displacements, internal deformation, water content, and pressure, according to the air–space–ground integrated monitoring technique. The results show that stress and deformation increase rapidly during construction. Deformation in different places is different during the winter: (1) for vertical displacement, uplift is present in the cut area, settlement is present in the fill area, and heterogeneity is evident in other areas; (2) for horizontal displacement, the expansion state is present in the filling area and the compression state is present at the boundary. Laboratory tests show that the difference in soil compression properties is one of the reasons for these deformation characteristics. Additionally, the difference in volumetric water content and permeability coefficient may trigger different mechanical properties on both sides of the boundary. All the evidence indicates that the boundary region is critical for filling projects. It is also necessary to install monitoring equipment to observe deformation. When abnormal deformations appear, we should take measures to control them.
A Long Way toward Climate Smart Agriculture: The Importance of Addressing Gender Inequity in the Agricultural Sector of Guatemala
Authors: Mosso Clara , Pons Diego , Beza-Beza Cristian
Published: August 2022

In the context of climate change’s detrimental effects on agricultural production and food security, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) strategies constitute a promising approach to reduce vulnerability and boost adaptation capacity and resilience within farmers. However, CSA strategies should address gender dynamics to reach their full potential. This study analyzed the barriers and opportunities for the implementation of gender-sensitive CSA strategies in rural Guatemala, a low-latitude country with a high gender gap index, through the perceptions of agricultural extensionists. For this purpose, we conducted an online survey among Guatemalan agricultural extensionists who attended a series of Climate Services for Agriculture workshops between May and July 2021 and analyzed the results using a qualitative approach. Results suggest that women in rural Guatemala are frequently excluded from climate information access, agricultural training, and decision-making spaces in which agricultural resource management strategies are defined. We argue that this exclusion represents a barrier to the improvement in adaptation capacity and resilience and that gender inequity should be addressed to implement successful gender-sensitive CSA approaches. Generating gender-sensitive indicators and training extensionists against gender bias could be a starting point, but further research is necessary to understand gender dynamics in rural Guatemala.
Atlas of Nervous System Vascular Malformations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Castillo-Rangel Carlos , Marín Gerardo , Hernandez-Contreras Karla Aketzalli , Zarate-Calderon Cristofer , Vichi-Ramirez Micheel Merari , Cortez-Saldias Wilmar , Rodriguez-Florido Marco Antonio , Riley-Moguel Ámbar Elizabeth , Pichardo Omar , Torres-Pineda Osvaldo , Vega-Quesada Helena G. , Lopez-Elizalde Ramiro , Ordoñez-Granja Jaime , Alvarado-Martinez Hugo Helec , Vega-Quesada Luis Andrés , Aranda-Abreu Gonzalo Emiliano
Published: August 2022

Vascular malformations are frequent in the head and neck region, affecting the nervous system. The wide range of therapeutic approaches demand the correct anatomical, morphological, and functional characterization of these lesions supported by imaging. Using a systematic search protocol in PubMed, Google Scholar, Ebsco, Redalyc, and SciELO, the authors extracted clinical studies, review articles, book chapters, and case reports that provided information about vascular cerebral malformations, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 385,614 articles were grouped; using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, three of the authors independently selected 51 articles about five vascular cerebral malformations: venous malformation, brain capillary telangiectasia, brain cavernous angiomas, arteriovenous malformation, and leptomeningeal angiomatosis as part of Sturge–Weber syndrome. We described the next topics—“definition”, “etiology”, “pathophysiology”, and “treatment”—with a focus on the relationship with the imaging approach. We concluded that the correct anatomical, morphological, and functional characterization of cerebral vascular malformations by means of various imaging studies is highly relevant in determining the therapeutic approach, and that new lines of therapeutic approaches continue to depend on the imaging evaluation of these lesions.
A Stator Slot Wedge Loosening Offline Detection System Based on an Intelligent Maintenance Robot of a Large Hydro Generator
Authors: Xie Xiaoping , Li Can , Li Xuewei , Chen Weidong
Published: August 2022

Hydropower is at the backbone of low-carbon clean energy, while large hydroelectric generators play a key role in hydropower systems. In this paper, the tightness detection of stator trough wedges in the offline state of large hydroelectric generators is mainly studied. The offline state means that the generator stops running but does not need to move the stator and rotor. The traditional detection of generator stator wedges has problems, such as long maintenance intervals and low work efficiency. According to the structural characteristics of the generator, a generator maintenance robot device based on the track mechanism is designed. The device can simultaneously visualize the internal of the generator and detect the tightness of the stator slot wedge, effectively improving the maintenance efficiency. According to the electromagnetic magnitude of the stator rod in the alternating magnetic field, different stator slot wedge models are built for tightening, slightly tightening and loosening. For the conventional slot wedge loosen detection, there is a problem that the characteristic parameter is single, and the state of the slot wedge cannot be fully fed back. In this paper, a method for extracting the Linear Prediction Cepstrum Coefficient (LPCC) and Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) of percussion sound signal is proposed, and the tightness recognition of the stator slot wedge is realized by combining the BP neural network algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively identify stator slot wedges in different states.
Perching and Grasping Mechanism Inspired by a Bird’s Claw
Authors: Zhu Yongqiang , He Xiumin , Zhang Pingxia , Guo Gaozhi , Zhang Xiwan
Published: August 2022

In nature, birds can freely observe and rest on the surface of objects such as tree branches, mainly due to their flexible claws, thus this paper is inspired by bird perching and shows two imitation bird claw perching grasping mechanisms in the shape of “three in front and one at the back”. One is articulated, the other is resilient, the difference being that the former has a pin-articulated claw structure and uses a double fishing line to perform the grasping and resetting action, while the latter uses a resilient linking piece, a single fishing line and resilient linking piece to perform the grasping and resetting action. To verify the grasping effect, experiments were designed to grasp objects of different shapes and maximum grasping weight load. The results show that the two types of perching grasping mechanism can reach a large degree of toe bending, have good passive bending deformation ability, can grasp different types of objects, including the articulated type has a stronger deformation ability, and can grasp branches with a diameter in the range of 12.5–55.8 mm. The elastic reset type is smoother than the articulated type toe bending curve, and the maximum graspable object weight is about three times the overall weight of the grasping mechanism. The maximum gripping weight is about three times the overall weight of the gripping mechanism and the load capacity is about two times that of the articulated type.
SOC Estimation Based on Hysteresis Characteristics of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery
Authors: Zhou Wenlu , Ma Xinyu , Wang Hao , Zheng Yanping
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the estimation accuracy of the state of charge (SOC) of lithium iron phosphate power batteries for vehicles, this paper studies the prominent hysteresis phenomenon in the relationship between the state of charge and the open circuit voltage (OCV) curve of the lithium iron phosphate battery. Through the hysteresis characteristic test of the battery, the corresponding SOC-OCV data when the battery is charged or discharged from different SOC states are analyzed. According to the approximation trend of the hysteresis main loop curve by the data points, a differential equation model for approximately solving the charge or discharge hysteresis small loop curve under any SOC state is established, and the adjustment parameters of the model are analyzed and debugged in sections. Then, based on the second-order Thevenin equivalent circuit model, the forgetting factor recursive least squares method is used to identify the model parameters online. When deriving the relationship between the OCV and SOC, according to the state of charge and discharge and the current SOC value, the approximate model of the real hysteresis small loop curve in the current state is solved in real time, and the extended Kalman recursion algorithm is substituted to correct the corresponding relationship between the OCV and SOC. Finally, the integrated forgetting factor recursive least squares online parameter identification and extended Kalman filter to correct the SOC-OCV hysteresis relationship in real time considering the hysteresis characteristics are used to complete the real-time estimation of the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The synthesis algorithm proposed in this paper and the Kalman filter algorithm without considering the hysteresis characteristics are compared and verified under the Dynamic Stress Test (DST) data. Based on the method proposed in this paper, the maximum error of terminal voltage is 0.86%, the average error of terminal voltage is 0.021%, the root mean square error (RMSE) of terminal voltage is 0.042%, the maximum error of SOC estimation is 1.22%, the average error of SOC estimation is 0.41%, the average error of SOC estimation is 0.41%, and the RMSE of SOC estimation is 0.57%. The results show that the comprehensive algorithm proposed in this paper has higher accuracy in both terminal voltage following and SOC estimation.
A Q-Learning-Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Distributed Three-Stage Assembly Scheduling with Factory Eligibility and Setup Times
Authors: Wang Jing , Lei Deming , Li Mingbo
Published: August 2022

The assembly scheduling problem (ASP) and distributed assembly scheduling problem (DASP) have attracted much attention in recent years; however, the transportation stage is often neglected in previous works. Factory eligibility means that some products cannot be manufactured in all factories. Although it extensively exists in many real-life manufacturing processes, it is hardly considered. In this study, a distributed three-stage ASP with a DPm→1 layout, factory eligibility and setup times is studied, and a Q-learning-based artificial bee colony algorithm (QABC) is proposed to minimize total tardiness. To obtain high quality solutions, a Q-learning algorithm is implemented by using eight states based on population quality evaluation, eight actions defined by global search and neighborhood search, a new reward and an adaptive ε−greedy selection and applied to dynamically select the search operator; two employed bee swarms are obtained by population division, and an employed bee phase with an adaptive migration between them is added; a new scout phase based on a modified restart strategy is also presented. Extensive experiments are conducted. The computational results demonstrate that the new strategies of QABC are effective, and QABC is a competitive algorithm for the considered problem.
Investigation on Dynamic Characteristics of Spur Gear Transmission System with Crack Fault
Authors: Ren Fei , Wang Dexi , Shi Guiqin , Wu Xiaoling
Published: August 2022

To study the dynamic characteristics of spur gears with crack faults, it is essential to establish the meshing stiffness model accurately. In this paper, the time-varying meshing stiffness (TVMS) model and load-sharing ratio (LSR) model of spur gears were established by the potential energy method, and the correctness of the TVMS model was verified by KISSsoft. The influence of gear crack depth and crack angle on TVMS and LSR was analyzed by introducing gear crack into the TVMS model. The multi-degree of freedom dynamics model of spur gears with centralized parameters was established. The time-domain characteristics of vibration of different crack fault systems were discussed, and statistical indicators were introduced to quantitatively evaluate the gear crack faults. The results show that TVMS decreases due to crack propagation, and the vibration impact increases with crack propagation. The sensitivity of crack depth propagation to gear fault characteristics is higher than that of crack angles; the statistical indicators can be used to monitor the propagation of early crack faults. The research results can provide a reference for the research of gearbox dynamic characteristics and fault diagnosis.
SUS: uma revisão bibliografica sobre o Sistema Único De Saúde durante a pandemia da Covid-19 / SUS: a literature review of the Sistema Único De Saúde during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Veiga Thiana Fabiana Silva de Oliveira da , Estrela Martta Neft Ferreira , Sobral Larissa Pereira Faustino , Sousa José Thiago Alves de , De Oliveira Flávia Iuçara Lourenço , Silva Adriana Fernandes da , Vieira André Victor Pereira , Tomaz Péricles Mendes
Published: August 2022

O embate da pandemia da covid-19 pois a prova mais que nunca a efetividade das politicas sociais, assim como as políticas assistenciais a população, como tem ficado mais claro no debate mundial, dentre essas politicas sociais, nitidamente a política de saúde é apontada como uma das áreas da vida coletiva que mais enfrentou dificuldades na maiores crises sanitária da história. As discussões sobre as diversas formas de organização do sistema e dos serviços prestado não se restringiu aos especialistas, mas passando a ocupar as políticas de assistência ao Sistema Único de Saúde. De forma geral, o Sistema de saúde brasileiro se viu em alguns períodos diante uma incapacidade assistencial por falta de verbas, a necessidade emergencial da expansão da quantidade de leitos para atendimentos de acometidos, promoção da capacitação das equipes, além do enfrentamento de uma crise de gestão de recursos e insumos de modo a garantir a assistência integral aos pacientes. Assim também na iniciativa privada, o número de leitos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), embora ampliados, foram passíveis de lotação em curto espaço de tempo, sendo preciso estar alinhado ao SUS para organizar a capacidade de assistência ao paciente. Diante desse problema o presente trabalho tem o propósito de analisar de que maneira o Sistema Único de Saúde tem sido a gestão pública de saúde, considerando as propostas de medidas no enfrentamento à Covid-19.
Bioethics in brazilian dentistry undergraduate courses
Authors: Colodette Renata Maria , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo , Gomes Andréia Patrícia
Published: August 2022

A literature review was conducted with the objective of evaluating the insertion and teaching of bioethics in Brazilian dentistry undergraduate courses, after the publication of the National Curriculum Guidelines of 2002. Twelve articles were selected from the Pubmed, Scielo and Lilacs databases, published between 2002 and 2020. The results showed that many colleges had not yet inserted the discipline of bioethics in their syllabus, in some of those they had inserted, teaching was predominantly theoretical and disjointed from the other disciplines. It was also evidenced that, in institutions where active methodologies were associated with the teaching of bioethics, the results were more positive. It is concluded that the insertion of bioethics can contribute to the ethical and humanistic formation of the students, and more recent studies on the subject are necessary.
Voltammetric determination of vitamin B6 using carbon paste electrode with Cu(II) and intercalated in lamellar crystalline compound
Authors: Rocha Julia Batista , Benetti Marco Antonio Gonçalves , Matsubara Thiago Eiji Andrian , Lazarin Angélica Machi
Published: August 2022

Lamellar crystalline compound calcium phenylphosphonate (CaPP) was synthesized and intercalated with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), resulting in the compound CaPP/PABA. In this lamellar compound, the Cu(II) ion was adsorbed, forming a metallated lamellar complex (CaPP/PABA/Cu(II)). This compound was used for the construction of chemically modified electrodes together with carbon paste. All these compounds were characterized through elemental analysis, spectra in the infrared region, specific surface area and electrochemical study using the cyclic voltammetry technique.
Educação inclusiva no ensino superior: uma análise da acessibilidade na universidade estadual da região Tocantina do Maranhão
Authors: Sousa Helayne Santos de , Sousa José Luis dos Santos , Nova Letícia Eduarda Sousa Vila , Parente Raquel Milhomem , Carmo Vitória da Silva do , Silva Leoilma Moraes , Ferreira Fernando Machado
Published: August 2022

Na perspectiva nacional da educação, a inclusão no ensino superior é prevista por lei. Todavia, apesar da garantia desse direito, observa-se que existem obstáculos que impedem a permanência dos alunos especiais nas universidades públicas e privadas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer as condições de acessibilidade e permanência de alunos deficientes na Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão (UEMASUL) e suas políticas de inclusão. Para isso, aplicou-se um questionário aos alunos devidamente matriculados e auto declarados com deficiência. A partir da análise do questionário foi possível identificar que existem, atualmente, 05 alunos com deficiência matriculados na UEMASUL nos Campus de Imperatriz e Açailândia, e nenhum no Campus de Estreito. Destes alunos, 03 revelaram que estão poucos satisfeitos com os recursos de acessibilidade ofertados pela universidade. Os resultados mostraram ainda que 60% dos entrevistados não tem conhecimento das ações de acessibilidade e inclusão realizadas pela UEMASUL. Os dados indicam a necessidade da universidade de rever as políticas públicas de inclusão, afim de efetivar medidas que atendam a diversidade, garantindo condições o acesso e a permanência ao ensino superior.
Os solos tropicais e sua distribuição: uma visão segundo dados de livre acesso
Authors: Junior Waldir de Carvalho , Filho Braz Calderano , Bhering Sílvio Barge , Pereira Nilsom Rendeiro , Chagas César da Silva , Macedo Jose Ronaldo de
Published: August 2022

Este artigo se concentra nos dados de solos livres e de código aberto do mundo, obtidos dos sites da Internet da FAO e do NCRS e informações provenientes do sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos (SiBCS). O objetivo foi avaliar a região tropical do mundo em relação aos solos e à segurança alimentar e sua distribuição pelo território nacional. A região tropical mundial foi definida pelas regiões entre os trópicos de Câncer e Capricórnio, ou seja, as linhas imaginárias localizadas a 23,4378° de latitude sul e 23,4378° de latitude norte. O mundo tropical é importante porque possui terras para proporcionar o cultivo da agricultura para uma melhor segurança alimentar. O mundo tropical tem aproximadamente 50 milhões de km2, ou 1/3 da superfície terrestre, e em suas terras os ORTHENTS (com 16% da região tropical), o UDOX (com 10% da região tropical) e o USTALFS (com 9% de região tropical) são as subordens de solos mais importantes da Taxonomia do Solo. Avaliando as ordens da taxonomia do solo, os ENTÍSSOLOS e OXÍSSOLOS são os principais com 25% e 19% da região tropical, respectivamente. Na terceira posição estão os ULTISOLS com 15% da região tropical mundial. Avaliando as ordens da taxonomia do solo, com base na classificação nacional vigente, observa-se que as classes de solo de maior ocorrência são dos Latossolos e Argissolos, com 31,49 e 26,84%, respectivamente. Em seguida com 13,18%, aparece a classe dos Neossolos. Estas três classes de solos juntas perfazem 71,51% das terras do pais, segundo os dados consultados. A classe dos Plintossolos aparecem com 6,98%, seguida dos Cambissolos com 5,26% das terras do território nacional. Este trabalho mostra a importância de estudar as principais ordens de solos do mundo tropical para manter a segurança alimentar da população.