bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum scars of bosons with correlated hopping
Authors: Hudomal Ana , Vasić Ivana , Regnault Nicolas , Papić Zlatko
Published: June 2020

Recent experiments on Rydberg atom arrays have found evidence of anomalously slow thermalization and persistent density oscillations, which have been interpreted as a many-body analog of the phenomenon of quantum scars. Periodic dynamics and atypical scarred eigenstates originate from a “hard” kinetic constraint: the neighboring Rydberg atoms cannot be simultaneously excited. Here we propose a realization of quantum many-body scars in a 1D bosonic lattice model with a “soft” constraint in the form of density-assisted hopping. We discuss the relation of this model to the standard Bose-Hubbard model and possible experimental realizations using ultracold atoms. We find that this model exhibits similar phenomenology to the Rydberg atom chain, including weakly entangled eigenstates at high energy densities and the presence of a large number of exact zero energy states, with distinct algebraic structure.
Entanglement growth in diffusive systems
Authors: Žnidarič Marko
Published: June 2020

Entanglement helps in understanding diverse phenomena, going from quantifying complexity to classifying phases of matter. Here we study the influence of conservation laws on entanglement growth. Focusing on systems with U(1) symmetry, i.e., conservation of charge or magnetization, that exhibits diffusive dynamics, we theoretically predict the growth of entanglement, as quantified by the Rényi  entropy, in lattice systems in any spatial dimension d and for any local Hilbert space dimension q (qudits). We find that the growth depends both on d and q, and is in generic case first linear in time, similarly as for systems without any conservation laws. Exception to this rule are chains of 2-level systems where the dependence is a square-root of time at all times. Predictions are numerically verified by simulations of diffusive Clifford circuits with upto ~ 105 qubits. Such efficiently simulable circuits should be a useful tool for other many-body problems.
Macroscopic matter wave quantum tunnelling
Authors: Shukla Khemendra , Chen Po-Sung , Chen Jun-Ren , Chang Yu-Hsuan , Liu Yi-Wei
Published: June 2020

Quantum tunnelling is a phenomenon of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and its detailed process is largely unexplored. We report the experimental observation of macroscopic quantum tunnelling of Bose–Einstein condensate in a hybrid trap. By exerting a non-adiabatic kick to excite a collective rotation mode of the trapped condensate, a periodic pulse train, which remains as condensate, is then out-coupled by quantum tunnelling. This non-equilibrium dynamics is analogue to tunnelling ionization. The imaged tunnelling process shows the splitting of matter wave packet by the potential barrier. The controversial “tunnelling time" question is found inadequate, from the point of view of wave propagation. The realized matter wave pulse train can also be a passive pulsed atom laser for atom interferometer applications.
Intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconductivity realized in a new MoS2 monolayer
Authors: Deng Xiaohui , Li Zhenyu
Published: June 2020

A new MoS2 monolayer, with intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconductivity, is predicted. Its Curie temperature is 130 K and can be further enhanced through strain engineering.
Materials chemistry for rechargeable zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Ning , Chen Xuyong , Yu Meng , Niu Zhiqiang , Cheng Fangyi , Chen Jun
Published: June 2020

This tutorial review presents an introduction to the fundamentals, challenges, recent advances and prospects of rechargeable zinc-ion batteries.
A review on energy chemistry of fast-charging anodes
Authors: Cai Wenlong , Yao Yu-Xing , Zhu Gao-Long , Yan Chong , Jiang Li-Li , He Chuanxin , Huang Jia-Qi , Zhang Qiang
Published: June 2020

Fundamentals, challenges, and solutions towards fast-charging graphite anodes are summarized in this review, with insights into the future research and development to enable batteries suitable for fast-charging application.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of the antioxidative activity of monascin
Authors: Zhang Xiaowei , Liu Chunhui , Tian Wenhan , Zhang Hui , Li Peirui , Wang Jiahua , He Weiwei
Published: June 2020

The antioxidant activity of monascin characterized by both theoretical prediction and experimental validation via colorimetric and electron spin resonance (ESR) assays.
Balanophora polyandra Griff. prevents dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis via the regulation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Guo Chong , He Yumin , Gai Liyue , Qu Jiayuan , Shi Yue , Xu Wen , Cai Yuxuan , Wang Bei , Zhang Jiali , Zhao Zongyao , Yuan Chengfu
Published: June 2020

Balanophora polyandra Griff. (B. polyandra) is a folk medicine used as an antipyretic, antidote, haemostatic, dressing and haematic tonic, for the treatment of gonorrhea, syphilis, wounds, and the bleeding of the alimentary tract by the local people in China.
Comparative study of femtosecond laser-induced structural colorization in water and air
Authors: Garcell Erik M. , Singh Subhash C. , Li Huiyan , Wang Bin , Jalil Sohail A. , Guo Chunlei
Published: June 2020

The study of femtosecond laser-induced structural coloring has recently attracted a great amount of research interest.
Global calibration model of UV-Vis spectroscopy for COD estimation in the effluent of rural sewage treatment facilities
Authors: Li Peng , Qu Jiangbei , He Yiliang , Bo Zhang , Pei Mengke
Published: June 2020

In recent years, rural sewage treatment facilities have grown rapidly in China, and yet the water quality of the effluent has not been well monitored.
Upconverting ion-selective nanoparticles for the imaging of intracellular calcium ions
Authors: Li Yu , Feng Junjun , Huang Yuchen , Qin Yu , Jiang Dechen , Chen Hong-Yuan
Published: June 2020

Upconverting ion-selective nanoparticles that emit light at the near-infrared region are prepared here.
Binding modes of thioflavin T and Congo red to the fibril structure of amyloid-β(1–42)
Authors: Frieg Benedikt , Gremer Lothar , Heise Henrike , Willbold Dieter , Gohlke Holger
Published: June 2020

Binding modes for the amyloid-β(1–42) fibril fluorescent dyes thioflavin T and Congo red were predicted by molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations.
A novel luminescent Ir(iii) complex for dual mode imaging: synergistic response to hypoxia and acidity of the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Han Zhong , Wang Yanjun , Chen Yuncong , Fang Hongbao , Yuan Hao , Shi Xiangchao , Yang Bai , Chen Zhongyan , He Weijiang , Guo Zijian
Published: June 2020

A novel luminescent Ir(iii) complex with synergistic turn-on response to hypoxia and acidity was constructed, potentially useful for early cancer detection.
High-affinity and undissociated capillary electrophoresis for DNA strand exchange analysis
Authors: Yu Fangzhi , Yuan Zheng , Zhang Dapeng , Liu Yan , Zhao Qiang , Wang Hailin
Published: June 2020

Undissociated binding of SSB to single-stranded DNA facilitates fast gel-free capillary electrophoresis analysis of fundamentally important DNA strand exchange reactions.
Salt nanoconfinement in zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks leads to pore-size and loading-dependent ionic conductivity enhancement
Authors: Shalini Sorout , Vaid Thomas P. , Matzger Adam J.
Published: June 2020

Confinement of the salt [NEt4][TFSI] in metal–organic frameworks leads to a significant enhancement in ionic conductivity, pointing toward a novel method of creating solid ion conductors.
Electron density based analysis of N–H⋯OC hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interaction energies in high-resolution secondary protein structures: insights from quantum crystallographic approaches
Authors: Mandal Suman K. , Guillot Benoît , Munshi Parthapratim
Published: June 2020

Limiting values of the topological parameters and the electrostatic interaction energies to establish the presence of true N–H⋯OC H-bonds in protein main-chain have been identified using quantitative and qualitative analyses of electron densities.
Molecular-level insights into the structures, dynamics, and hydrogen bonds of ethylammonium nitrate protic ionic liquid at the liquid–vacuum interface
Authors: Huang Qin , Huang Yiping , Luo Yi , Li Li , Zhou Guobing , Chen Xiangshu , Yang Zhen
Published: June 2020

Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to systematically explore the structures, dynamics, and hydrogen bonds of ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) protic ionic liquid and their mutual relationship at the liquid–vacuum interface.
Bismuth nanowires: electrochemical fabrication, structural features, and transport properties
Authors: Goncharova Anna S. , Napolskii Kirill S. , Skryabina Olga V. , Stolyarov Vasily S. , Levin Eduard E. , Egorov Sergey V. , Eliseev Andrei A. , Kasumov Yusif A. , Ryazanov Valery V. , Tsirlina Galina A.
Published: June 2020

The prospects of electrodeposited Bi nanostructures for microelectronics are illustrated using quantitative resistivity measurements of highly texturized Bi nanowires.
Single-molecule functionality in electronic components based on orbital resonances
Authors: Perrin Mickael L. , Eelkema Rienk , Thijssen Jos , Grozema Ferdinand C. , van der Zant Herre S. J.
Published: June 2020

A gateable single-molecule diode and resonant tunneling diode are realized using molecular orbital engineering in multi-site molecules.
Dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde with nitrous oxide over the metal–organic framework NU-1000: a density functional theory study
Authors: Paluka Veerachart , Maihom Thana , Probst Michael , Limtrakul Jumras
Published: June 2020

Dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde with nitrous oxide (N2O) on Fe-supported MOF NU-1000 investigated by means of density functional calculations.
Understanding ionic mesophase stabilization by hydration: a solid-state NMR study
Authors: Majhi Debashis , Dai Jing , Komolkin Andrei V. , Dvinskikh Sergey V.
Published: June 2020

Water-enhanced hydrogen-bonding network in ionic sublayer supports the formation of a thermodynamically stable smectic phase of less-ordered molecules.
Gas molecules sandwiched in hydration layers at graphite/water interfaces
Authors: Teshima Hideaki , Li Qin-Yi , Takata Yasuyuki , Takahashi Koji
Published: June 2020

Frequency shift-distance curves reveal that each adsorbed gas layer is sandwiched between hydration layers with high water density.
In cell Gd3+-based site-directed spin labeling and EPR spectroscopy of eGFP
Authors: Kucher Svetlana , Korneev Sergej , Klare Johann P. , Klose Daniel , Steinhoff Heinz-Jürgen
Published: June 2020

A newly synthesized Gd3+ chelate complex allows in cell spin labeling and detection of eGFP by EPR spectroscopy.
Catalytic hydration of cyanamides with phosphinous acid-based ruthenium(ii) and osmium(ii) complexes: scope and mechanistic insights
Authors: González-Fernández Rebeca , Álvarez Daniel , Crochet Pascale , Cadierno Victorio , Menéndez M. Isabel , López Ramón
Published: June 2020

The catalytic hydration of cyanamides to ureas has been accomplished employing, for the first time, homogeneous catalysts,i.e.the phosphinous acid complexes [MCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PMe2OH)] (M = Ru, Os).
Transformation of titanium carbide into mesoporous titania for catalysed HBr oxidation
Authors: Stephens Kyle J. , Zichittella Guido , Saadun Ali J. , Büchele Simon , Puértolas Begoña , Verel René , Krumeich Frank , Willinger Marc-Georg , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: June 2020

TiC oxidises via a combination of spot-oxidation and shrinking core mechanisms, resulting in a mesoporous, high-performance TiO2–TiC composite for bromine production via catalysed HBr oxidation.
New insights into the size and support effects of γ-Al2O3 supported Au catalysts for HCHO oxidation at room temperature
Authors: Chen Bingbing , Zhao Qi , Yu Limei , Chen Ling , Crocker Mark , Shi Chuan
Published: June 2020

The SMSI in Au/γ-Al2O3 not only enhanced the dispersion of the Au NPs but also stabilized the NPs during the reaction.
A novel HCV electrochemical biosensor based on a polyaniline@Ni-MOF nanocomposite
Authors: Sheta Sheta M. , El-Sheikh Said M. , Osman Diaa I. , Salem Aliaa M. , Ali Omnia I. , Harraz Farid A. , Shousha Wafaa Gh , Shoeib Madiha A. , Shawky Sherif M. , Dionysiou Dionysios D.
Published: June 2020

A novel label-free electrochemical biosensor constructed using a polyaniline@nickel metal–organic framework (Ni-MOF) nanocomposite for direct detection of HCV-RNA.
Diversity and uniformity in anion–π complexes of thiocyanate with aromatic, olefinic and quinoidal π-acceptors
Authors: Wilson Joshua , Maxson Tristan , Wright Isabelle , Zeller Matthias , Rosokha Sergiy V.
Published: June 2020

A variety of anion–π complexes of thiocyanate showed common trends in changes of thermodynamic, spectral and structural features with variations in redox- and surface electrostatic potentials of the π-acceptor.
Comparison of the dietary bioavailability of copper sulphate and copper oxide nanomaterials inex vivogut sacs of rainbow trout: effects of low pH and amino acids in the lumen
Authors: Boyle David , Clark Nathaniel J. , Botha Tarryn L. , Handy Richard D.
Published: June 2020

Diet is an important exposure pathway of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in fish, but the long duration ofin vivotoxicity tests is a barrier to hazard assessment.
Introductory lecture: origins and applications of efficient visible photoluminescence from silicon-based nanostructures
Authors: Canham Leigh
Published: June 2020

This review highlights many spectroscopy-based studies and selected phenomenological studies of silicon-based nanostructures that provide insight into their likely PL mechanisms, and also covers six application areas.
Synergic interactions between polyphenols and gut microbiota in mitigating inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Li Hao , Christman Lindsey M. , Li Ruiqi , Gu Liwei
Published: June 2020

Polyphenols and gut microbiota act separately and synergistically to alleviate inflammatory bowel diseases.
Sustainable composites from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) bioplastic and agave natural fibre
Authors: Smith Megan K. M. , Paleri Drupitha M. , Abdelwahab Mohamed , Mielewski Deborah F. , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar Kumar
Published: June 2020

A sustainable composite based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) PHB and agave fibre was produced.
Selective production of bio-based para-xylene over an FeOx-modified Pd/Al2O3 catalyst
Authors: Xiao Yuxue , Meng Qingwei , Pan Xiaoli , Zhang Chao , Fu Zaihui , Li Changzhi
Published: June 2020

Selective production of bio-based para-xylene by catalysis of FeOx-modified Pd/Al2O3 is presented.
Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA): a versatile building block expanding high performance and sustainable bioplastic applications
Authors: Samantaray Paresh Kumar , Little Alastair , Haddleton David M. , McNally Tony , Tan Bowen , Sun Zhaoyang , Huang Weijie , Ji Yang , Wan Chaoying
Published: June 2020

Unique properties of PGA, and its modifications and applications.
Cell adhesion and proliferation on common 3D printing materials used in stereolithography of microfluidic devices
Authors: Piironen Kati , Haapala Markus , Talman Virpi , Järvinen Päivi , Sikanen Tiina
Published: June 2020

This work reveals the material impacts on long-term cell survival and adhesion on 3D printed surfaces manufactured by stereolithography.
4D synchrotron microtomography and pore-network modelling for direct in situ capillary flow visualization in 3D printed microfluidic channels
Authors: Piovesan Agnese , Van De Looverbosch Tim , Verboven Pieter , Achille Clement , Parra Cabrera Cesar , Boller Elodie , Cheng Yin , Ameloot Rob , Nicolai Bart
Published: June 2020

We investigate fluid flow at the pore scale in novel 3D printed microfluidic channels through synchrotron microtomography and pore-network modelling.
Perspectives regarding metal/mineral-incorporating materials for water purification: with special focus on Cr(vi) removal
Authors: Elwakeel Khalid Z. , Elgarahy Ahmed M. , Khan Ziya A. , Almughamisi Muath S. , Al-Bogami Abdullah S.
Published: June 2020

Metal/mineral-incorporating materials for toxic Cr(vi) removal.
KRasG12C inhibitors in clinical trials: a short historical perspective
Authors: Goebel Lisa , Müller Matthias P. , Goody Roger S. , Rauh Daniel
Published: June 2020

Short historical perspective of the development of promising KRasG12C inhibitors that have recently entered clinical trials.
Customizing the reduction of individual graphene oxide flakes for precise work function tuning with meV precision
Authors: Huang Yuefeng , Ma Dengke , Turner Patrick , Donnelly Gavin E. , Katzen Joel M. , Hendren William R. , Gregg J. Marty , Bowman Robert M. , Zhang Lifa , Zhang Gang , Huang Fumin
Published: June 2020

Laser-controlled reduction of individual graphene oxide films provide unprecedented work function tuning with millivolt precision.
The MgB2-catalyzed growth of boron nitride nanotubes using B/MgO as a boron containing precursor
Authors: Zhang Dongfei , Zhang Kai , E Songfeng , Liu Dapeng , Li Chaowei , Yao Yagang
Published: June 2020

In this paper, magnesium boride (MgB2) was directly introduced as an efficient catalyst to grow boron nitride nanotubes with high quality and purity from a B/MgO/MgB2 precursor in a conventional horizontal tubular furnace.
A new [Co21(H2O)4(OH)12]30+ unit-incorporating polyoxotungstate for sensitive detection of dichlorvos
Authors: Shi Dongying , Cui Chao-Jie , Sun Chun-Xiao , Du Jun-Ping , Liu Chun-Sen
Published: June 2020

A new [Co21(H2O)4(OH)12]30+ unit-incorporating polyoxotungstate (denoted as Co25Si6W60) has been hydrothermally synthesized and fully characterized. The unique Co25Si6W60-based biosensing system offers an environmentally-friendly route for detecting dichlorvos.
A zwitterionic polymer containing a hydrophobic group: enhanced rheological properties
Authors: Liu Ling , Gou Shaohua , Zhang Huichao , Zhou Lihua , Tang Lan , Liu Lang
Published: June 2020

A zwitterionic polymer containing a hydrophobic long chain, named MANPS, was independently developed by free radical solution polymerization.
Fast tyrosinase detection in early stage melanoma with nanomolar sensitivity using a naphthalimide-based fluorescent read-out probe
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Biswas Suprakash , Koner Apurba Lal
Published: June 2020

We report an expeditious approach for selective tyrosinase detection in early stage melanoma with nanomolar sensitivity using a napthalimide-based fluorescent probe.
Synthesis, characterization and photoinduced CO-release by manganese(i) complexes
Authors: Amorim André L. , Guerreiro Ana , Glitz Vinícius A. , Coimbra Daniel F. , Bortoluzzi Adailton J. , Caramori Giovanni F. , Braga Antonio L. , Neves Ademir , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. , Peralta Rosely A.
Published: June 2020

Three new photoCORM, two with non two with nonbonding pyridine and one with benzyl group, were synthesised, and their CO-releasing properties evaluated for with regards to their elusive binding mode.
Insights into the morphology and composition effects of one-dimensional CuPt nanostructures on the electrocatalytic activities and methanol oxidation mechanism by in situ FTIR
Authors: Li Ping , Du Cheng , Gao Xiaohui , Zhuang Zhihua , Xiang Dong , Zhang Chunmei , Chen Wei
Published: June 2020

Structure- and composition-optimized CuPt2.22 nanowires show excellent electrocatalytic activities for the oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions.
A RAGE-antagonist peptide potentiates polymeric micelle-mediated intracellular delivery of plasmid DNA for acute lung injury gene therapy
Authors: Piao Chunxian , Zhuang Chuanyu , Choi Myoungjee , Ha Junkyu , Lee Minhyung
Published: June 2020

Pulmonary gene delivery system was developed based on RAGE-antagonist peptide and dexamethasone-conjugated polyamidoamine.
Solution-processed inorganic δ-phase CsPbI3 electronic synapses with short- and long-term plasticity in a crossbar array structure
Authors: Ge Jun , Ma Zelin , Chen Weilong , Cao Xucheng , Yan Jianfeng , Fang Huaheng , Qin Jieli , Liu Zhiyu , Pan Shusheng
Published: June 2020

Electronic synapses based on nonperovskite CsPbI3 demonstrate a variety of synaptic characteristics with superior ambient stability.
Iodide mediated reductive decomposition of diazonium salts: towards mild and efficient covalent functionalization of surface-supported graphene
Authors: Xia Yuanzhi , Martin Cristina , Seibel Johannes , Eyley Samuel , Thielemans Wim , van der Auweraer Mark , Mali Kunal S. , De Feyter Steven
Published: June 2020

We present an efficient and straightforward covalent functionalization protocol for modification of surface supported graphene and graphite using aqueous reagents.
High performance single-molecule magnets, Orbach or Raman relaxation suppression?
Authors: Castro-Alvarez Alejandro , Gil Yolimar , Llanos Leonel , Aravena Daniel
Published: June 2020

Relaxation mechanisms limiting the blocking temperature for high-performance single molecule magnets (SMMs) are investigated. Best SMMs are limited by the exponential regime. Current ab initio methods can yield accurate estimations for this limit.
Aromatization-driven deconstruction/refunctionalization of unstrained rings
Authors: Hu Fangzhi , Wang Liang , Xu Lubin , Li Shuai-Shuai
Published: June 2020

Aromatization-driven ring-opening/functionalization of common unstrained rings has been developed with thein situgeneration of pre-aromatic fused spiro heterocycles as the key step.
Fabrication of black aluminium thin films by magnetron sputtering
Authors: More-Chevalier J. , Novotný M. , Hruška P. , Fekete L. , Fitl P. , Bulíř J. , Pokorný P. , Volfová L. , Havlová Š. , Vondráček M. , Lančok J.
Published: June 2020

A black aluminium film deposited by magnetron sputtering showed a high correlation of diffuse reflectivity with surface morphology and nitrogen content in plasma.
Drug–target affinity prediction using graph neural network and contact maps
Authors: Jiang Mingjian , Li Zhen , Zhang Shugang , Wang Shuang , Wang Xiaofeng , Yuan Qing , Wei Zhiqiang
Published: June 2020

Prediction of drug–target affinity by constructing both molecule and protein graphs.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles obtained by microwave-assisted green synthesis using Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos underbark extract
Authors: Illanes Tormena Renata Pascoal , Rosa Eliane Vieira , Oliveira Mota Bruna de Fátima , Chaker Juliano Alexandre , Fagg Christopher William , Freire Daniel Oliveira , Martins Paula Melo , Rodrigues da Silva Izabel Cristina , Sousa Marcelo Henrique
Published: June 2020

Silver nanoparticles with low toxicity and improved antibacterial activity are obtained by a green route using microwave-assisted synthesis with plant extract.
Magnetite ultrafine particles/porous reduced graphene oxide in situ grown onto Ni foam as a binder-free electrode for supercapacitors
Authors: Mao Yingling , Zhou Benhu , Peng Sen
Published: June 2020

Here, we report a simple and green electrochemical route to deposition of Fe3O4 nanoparticle-porous reduced graphene oxide (p-rGO) nanocomposite onto nickel foam substrate, which is directly used as a binder-free charge storage electrode.
One-pot synthesis of theranostic nanocapsules with lanthanide doped nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Miao , Zhang Yu , Ng Michael , Skripka Artiom , Cheng Ting , Li Xu , Bhakoo Kishore Kumar , Chang Alex Y. , Rosei Federico , Vetrone Fiorenzo
Published: June 2020

One-pot synthesis of theranostic nanocapsules with lanthanide doped nanoparticles via interfacial templating condensation for upconversion based photodynamic therapy.
Carbon-rich materials with three-dimensional ordering at the angstrom level
Authors: Fa Shixin , Yamamoto Masanori , Nishihara Hirotomo , Sakamoto Ryota , Kamiya Kazuhide , Nishina Yuta , Ogoshi Tomoki
Published: June 2020

We discuss the preparation and application of various carbon-rich materials with three-dimensional ordering at the angstrom level.
Correction: Stable group 8 metal porphyrin mono- and bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity
Authors: Wang Hai-Xu , Wan Qingyun , Low Kam-Hung , Zhou Cong-Ying , Huang Jie-Sheng , Zhang Jun-Long , Che Chi-Ming
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘Stable group 8 metal porphyrin mono- and bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity’ by Hai-Xu Wang et al., Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, 2243–2259, DOI: 10.1039/C9SC05432D.
Fabrication of a preferentially [001]-oriented Sb2Se3 thin film on diverse substrates and its application in photoelectrochemical water reduction
Authors: Zhou Hongpeng , Feng Menglei , Li Peiyuan , Gong Xiangnan , Zhang Dingke , Chen Shijian
Published: June 2020

A kinetically controlled growth approach is developed to facilely synthesize preferentially [001]-oriented Sb2Se3 thin-films on diverse substrates.
Trapping, gliding, vaulting: transport of semiflexible polymers in periodic post arrays
Authors: Chakrabarti Brato , Gaillard Charles , Saintillan David
Published: June 2020

We use numerical simulations to investigate the dynamics, conformations, and transport properties of semiflexible polymers flowing through periodic post arrays.
Thermoresponsive hydrogels physically crosslinked with magnetically modified LAPONITE® nanoparticles
Authors: Goncharuk Olena , Samchenko Yurii , Kernosenko Liudmyla , Korotych Olena , Poltoratska Tetiana , Pasmurtseva Natalia , Oranska Olena , Sternik Dariusz , Mamyshev Igor
Published: June 2020

Application of LAPONITE®/magnetite nanoparticles to physically crosslink poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) yields hierarchically structured hydrogel nanocomposites which can be used as magnetically controlled carriers with thermo-induced drug release.
Dopant arrangements in Y-doped BaZrO3 under processing conditions and their impact on proton conduction: a large-scale first-principles thermodynamics study
Authors: Kasamatsu Shusuke , Sugino Osamu , Ogawa Takafumi , Kuwabara Akihide
Published: June 2020

The proton conductivity maximum in doped BaZrO3 is explained by a percolation vs. many-body trapping picture using first-principles thermodynamics calculations.
Development of nanowire-modified electrodes applied in the locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) for water disinfection
Authors: Zhou Jianfeng , Yu Cecilia , Wang Ting , Xie Xing
Published: June 2020

The desired properties, potential synthesis strategies, and an evaluation guideline of the electrodes are discussed with the review of the existing electrodes.
Villus-like nanocomposite hydrogels with a super-high water absorption capacity
Authors: Hu Xiaosai , Wang Qiao , Liu Qing , Li Zongjin , Sun Guoxing
Published: June 2020

Villi-like structure greatly improved the water absorption capability of super water absorbing hydrogels (SAH).
Catalytic activity atlas of ternary Co–Fe–V metal oxides for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Chen Junsheng , Li Hao , Pei Zengxia , Huang Qianwei , Yuan Ziwen , Wang Chaojun , Liao Xiaozhou , Henkelman Graeme , Chen Yuan , Wei Li
Published: June 2020

Accurate composition–oxygen evolution reaction performance atlases have been established for a ternary Co–Fe–V oxide system using Prussian blue analogues as precursors, affording Co : Fe : V = 3 : 4 : 3 as the optimal metal ratio.
Correction: Facile synthesis of ultrathin Pt–Pd nanosheets for enhanced formic acid oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Yang Qian , Shi Lijie , Yu Beibei , Xu Jun , Wei Cong , Wang Yawen , Chen Hongyu
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘Facile synthesis of ultrathin Pt–Pd nanosheets for enhanced formic acid oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction’ by Qian Yang et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, 7, 18846–18851, DOI: 10.1039/C9TA03945G.
Engineering nanoparticles to tackle tumor barriers
Authors: Li Jia-Xian , Huang Qiu-Yue , Zhang Jing-Yang , Du Jin-Zhi
Published: June 2020

Engineering strategies of nanoparticles were elaborated to overcome delivery barriers from the perspectives of trans-vascular transport and interstitial transport.
Colloidal quantum dot hybrids: an emerging class of materials for ambient lighting
Authors: Li Benxuan , Lu Mingxia , Feng Jiangtao , Zhang Jingchao , Smowton Peter M. , Sohn Jung Inn , Park Il-Kyu , Zhong Haizheng , Hou Bo
Published: June 2020

Electroluminescence light-emitting diodes enabled by hybridising colloidal quantum dots is an emerging technology for large-area and foldable ambient lighting. We summerise state-of-the-art scientific challenges and prospect their future development.
Polymer encapsulation and stabilization of molecular gel-based chiroptical information for strong, tunable circularly polarized luminescence film
Authors: Oishi Hisashi , Mashima Sayaka , Kuwahara Yutaka , Takafuji Makoto , Yoshida Kyohei , Oda Reiko , Qiu Hongdeng , Ihara Hirotaka
Published: June 2020

We demonstrate a strategic approach for a completely organic, chiroptical polymer film, exhibiting strong and broad-band CPL that can be realized by the stabilization of self-assembly-driven secondary chirality through polymer encapsulation.
Two-site Cr3+ occupation in the MgTa2O6:Cr3+ phosphor toward broad-band near-infrared emission for vessel visualization
Authors: Liu Gaochao , Molokeev Maxim S. , Lei Bingfu , Xia Zhiguo
Published: June 2020

Cr3+ ions in MgTa2O6 located in the two six-coordinated crystallographic sites of Mg2+ and Ta5+ enable broad-band near-infrared emission.
Hsa-miR-3658 down-regulates OCT4 gene expression followed by suppressing SW480 cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Hosseini Fahimeh , Soltani Bahram M. , Baharvand Hossein , Hosseinkhani Saman
Published: June 2020

The pluripotency factor, OCT4 gene is a stemness marker that is involved in the tumorigenicity of different cancer types and knowing about molecular mechanisms of its regulation is crucially important. To date, a few microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be regulators of OCT4 gene expression. Looking for the novel miRNAs which are capable of regulating OCT4 gene expression, our bioinformatics analysis introduced hsa-miR-3658 (miR-3658) as a bona fide candidate. Then, RT-qPCR results indicated that miR-3658 expression is decreased in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor tissues, compared with normal pairs. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis showed that the OCT4 gene has been down-regulated following the miR-3658 overexpression. Consistently, dual-luciferase assay supported the direct interaction of miR-3658 with the 3′-UTR sequence of OCT4 gene. Unlike in HCT116 cells, overexpression of miR-3658 in SW480 cells brought about growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and reduced cell migration, detected by flow cytometry, and scratch test assay. Overall, these findings demonstrated that miR-3658 as a tumor suppressor miRNA exerts its effect against OCT4 gene expression, and it has the potential of being used as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target against colorectal cancer.
Genome-wide identification of estrogen receptor binding sites reveals novel estrogen-responsive pathways in adult male germ cells
Authors: Raut Sanketa , Kumar Anita V. , Khambata Kushaan , Deshpande Sharvari , Balasinor Nafisa H.
Published: June 2020

Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous epithelium that shows the presence of estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), both of which regulate gene transcription by binding to the DNA. Estrogen responsive phases of spermatogenesis are well documented; however, the genes regulated remain inexplicit. To study the regulation of genes by estrogen in male germ cells, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing for ERα and ERβ under normal physiological conditions. A total of 27 221 DNA binding regions were enriched with ERα and 20 926 binding sites with ERβ. Majority of the peaks were present in the intronic regions and located 20 kb upstream or downstream from the transcription start site (TSS). Pathway analysis of the genes enriched by ChIP-Seq showed involvement in several biological pathways. Genes involved in pathways whose role in spermatogenesis is unexplored were validated; these included prolactin, GnRH, and oxytocin signaling. All the selected genes showed the presence of estrogen response elements (EREs) in their binding region and were also found to be significantly enriched by ChIP-qPCR. Functional validation using seminiferous tubule culture after treatment with estrogen receptor subtype-specific agonist and antagonist confirmed the regulation of these genes by estrogen through its receptors. The genes involved in these pathways were also found to be regulated by the respective receptor subtypes at the testicular level in our in vivo estrogen receptor agonist rat models. Our study provides a genome-wide map of ERα and ERβ binding sites and identifies the genes regulated by them in the male germ cells under normal physiological conditions.
A novel polyubiquitin chain linkage formed by viral Ubiquitin is resistant to host deubiquitinating enzymes
Authors: Negi Hitendra , Reddy Pothula Purushotham , Vengayil Vineeth , Patole Chhaya , Laxman Sunil , Das Ranabir
Published: June 2020

The Baculoviridae family of viruses encode a viral Ubiquitin (vUb) gene. Though the vUb is homologous to the host eukaryotic Ubiquitin (Ub), its preservation in the viral genome indicates unique functions that are not compensated by the host Ub. We report the structural, biophysical, and biochemical properties of the vUb from Autographa californica multiple nucleo-polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV). The packing of central helix α1 to the beta-sheet β1–β5 is different between vUb and Ub. Consequently, its stability is lower compared with Ub. However, the surface properties, ubiquitination activity, and the interaction with Ubiquitin-binding domains are similar between vUb and Ub. Interestingly, vUb forms atypical polyubiquitin chain linked by lysine at the 54th position (K54), and the deubiquitinating enzymes are ineffective against the K54-linked polyubiquitin chains. We propose that the modification of host/viral proteins with the K54-linked chains is an effective way selected by the virus to protect the vUb signal from host DeUbiquitinases.
Colorectal cancer cells promote osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction through regulating EGF/ERK/CCL3 pathway
Authors: Zi-chen Gong , Jin Qian , Yi-na Zhang , Wei Wang , Xia Kang , Wei Xu , Juan Wu , Wei Zheng
Published: June 2020

Bone metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells leads to osteolysis. Aberrant activation of osteoclasts is responsible for bone resorption in tumor. In general, bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) differentiate into osteoclasts, however, how CRC cells interact with BMMs and how to regulate the differentiation is elusive. We here report that CRC cells promote bone resorption in bone metastasis. Transcriptomic profiling revealed CCL3 up-regulated in MC-38 conditional medium treated BMMs. Further investigation demonstrated that CCL3 produced by BMMs facilitated cell infusion and thus promoted the osteoclastogenesis. In addition, CRC cells derived EGF stimulated the production of CCL3 in BMMs through activation of ERK/CREB pathway. Blockage of EGF or CCL3 can efficiently attenuate the osteolysis in bone metastasis of CRC.
Nocturnal pollination: an overlooked ecosystem service vulnerable to environmental change
Authors: Macgregor Callum J. , Scott-Brown Alison S.
Published: June 2020

Existing assessments of the ecosystem service of pollination have been largely restricted to diurnal insects, with a particular focus on generalist foragers such as wild and honey bees. As knowledge of how these plant-pollinator systems function, their relevance to food security and biodiversity, and the fragility of these mutually beneficial interactions increases, attention is diverting to other, less well-studied pollinator groups. One such group are those that forage at night. In this review, we document evidence that nocturnal species are providers of pollination services (including pollination of economically valuable and culturally important crops, as well as wild plants of conservation concern), but highlight how little is known about the scale of such services. We discuss the primary mechanisms involved in night-time communication between plants and insect pollen-vectors, including floral scent, visual cues (and associated specialized visual systems), and thermogenic sensitivity (associated with thermogenic flowers). We highlight that these mechanisms are vulnerable to direct and indirect disruption by a range of anthropogenic drivers of environmental change, including air and soil pollution, artificial light at night, and climate change. Lastly, we highlight a number of directions for future research that will be important if nocturnal pollination services are to be fully understood and ultimately conserved.
Systematic Review of Surgical Technique and Tunnel Target Points and Placement in Anatomical Single-Bundle ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Iriuchishima Takanori , Goto Bunsei
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this systematic review was to reveal the trend in surgical technique and tunnel targets points and placement in anatomical single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement, data collection was performed. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochran Review were searched using the terms “anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,” “anatomic or anatomical,” and “single bundle.” Studies were included when they reported clinical results, surgical technique, and/or tunnel placement evaluation. Laboratory studies, technical reports, case reports, and reviews were excluded from this study. From these full article reviews, graft selection, method of creating the femoral tunnel, and femoral and tibial tunnel target points and placement were evaluated. In the 79 studies included for data evaluation, the selected grafts were: bone patella tendon bone autograft (12%), and hamstring autograft (83%). The reported methods of creating the femoral tunnel were: transportal technique (54%), outside-in technique (15%), and transtibial technique (19%). In the 60 studies reporting tunnel target points, the target point was the center of the femoral footprint (60%), and the center of the anteromedial bundle footprint (22%). In the 23 studies evaluating tunnel placement, the femoral tunnel was placed in a shallow–deep direction (32.3%) and in a high–low direction (30.2%), and the tibial tunnel was placed from the anterior margin of the tibia (38.1%). The results of this systematic review revealed a trend in anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction favoring a hamstring tendon with a transportal technique, and a tunnel target point mainly at the center of the ACL footprint. The level of evidence stated is Systematic review of level-III studies.
Endovascular Coiling in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease—A Challenge for Anesthesiologist
Authors: Samagh Navneh , Singh Nidhi , Jangra Kiran , Kumar Ajay
Published: June 2020

A 41-year-old male patient, a known case of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPCKD), presented to our institute with right middle cerebral artery aneurysm for which balloon-assisted endovascular coiling was planned. The major comorbidities were hypertension and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis, twice weekly. Endovascular coiling was performed under general anesthesia, and special precautions were taken with regard to monitoring, fluid management, use of heparin, and contrast agent. The intraoperative and postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged after 7 days. In this report, various perioperative challenges of patients with chronic renal failure during coiling are discussed along with the measures to prevent the occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy.
COVID-19 and Stroke Risk: A Double Whammy
Authors: Saluja Alvee , Dhamija Rajinder K.
Published: June 2020

The emphasis so far during the COVID-19 pandemic has been on the respiratory manifestations with little attention being given to neurological manifestations. Literature has shown multiple cases of stroke being associated with COVID-19. Thus, there is great interest in the role of the virus in stroke pathogenesis. Regarding hyperacute and acute stroke treatment, the routine guidelines for thrombolysis and thrombectomy are to be followed with emphasis on high suspicion of COVID-19 in stroke cases with respiratory symptoms or with contact/travel history. Secondary risk factor treatment for hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia is a must. We recommend continuing angiotensin converting enzyme 2 inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in those who are taking these medications as per evidence available. Mandatory lockdown has led to delay in presentation to the hospital with a decrease in thrombolysis due to ineligibility and a corresponding increase in primary thrombectomies being performed. Telemedicine could be an important tool to triage cases worthy of tertiary referral from other strokes and must be encouraged.
What do students learn from political simulation games? A mixed-method approach exploring the relation between conceptual and attitudinal changes
Authors: Oberle Monika , Leunig Johanna , Ivens Sven
Published: June 2020

In civic education and political science classes, simulation games are increasingly recognised as a teaching tool to promote active learning, expecting them to enhance participants’ motivations and to convey transferable knowledge and skills. Furthermore, they have been described as a promising teaching approach with regard to the complex multi-level system of the European Union (EU). Empirical studies have underlined positive effects of simulation games; however, they usually either use purely qualitative or very small-Nquantitative approaches. More systematic studies conducted recently didn’t focus on causes of the measured effects and have lacked depth due to a closed items design. The study presented here uses a mixed-method approach, analysing the effects of simulations of European Parliamentarian decision-making conducted with secondary school classes in Germany on students' political knowledge, motivations and attitudes. In addition to a standardised questionnaire with pre- and post-tests (N = 308), qualitative interviews were conducted (n = 12). The paper focuses on the relation between participants' conceptual changes and changes in perceived responsiveness of the EU. The results highlight relevant learning effects students experience in EU simulation games that are not yet captured appropriately by questionnaire studies and can stimulate the development of measurement tools for assessing process-oriented learning outcomes more adequately.
Vulnerability in dynamically driven oscillatory networks and power grids
Authors: Zhang Xiaozhu , Ma Cheng , Timme Marc
Published: June 2020

Vulnerability of networks has so far been quantified mainly for structural properties. In driven systems, however, vulnerability intrinsically relies on the collective response dynamics. As shown recently, dynamic response patterns emerging in driven oscillator networks and AC power grid models are highly heterogeneous and nontrivial, depending jointly on the driving frequency, the interaction topology of the network, and the node or nodes driven. Identifying which nodes are most susceptible to dynamic driving and may thus make the system as a whole vulnerable to external input signals, however, remains a challenge. Here, we propose an easy-to-compute Dynamic Vulnerability Index (DVI) for identifying those nodes that exhibit largest amplitude responses to dynamic driving signals with given power spectra and thus are most vulnerable. The DVI is based on linear response theory, as such generic, and enables robust predictions. It thus shows potential for a wide range of applications across dynamically driven networks, for instance, for identifying the vulnerable nodes in power grids driven by fluctuating inputs from renewable energy sources and fluctuating power output to consumers.
Effects of cation stoichiometry on surface morphology and crystallinity of ZnGeN2 films grown on GaN by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Karim Md Rezaul , Jayatunga Benthara Hewage Dinushi , Zhu Menglin , Lalk Rebecca A. , Licata Olivia , Mazumder Baishakhi , Hwang Jinwoo , Kash Kathleen , Zhao Hongping
Published: June 2020

ZnGeN2 films were grown on GaN-on-sapphire templates via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy was used to estimate the Zn/(Zn + Ge) composition ratio in the films. This ratio decreased with an increase in growth temperature but increased with an increase in total reactor pressure or the Zn/Ge precursor flow rate ratio. Systematic mapping of these key growth parameters has allowed us to identify the growth window to achieve ZnGeN2 with stoichiometric cation composition. Compositional and statistical analyses performed on data acquired from atom probe tomography provided insight into the local compositional homogeneity. The cations Zn and Ge did not demonstrate segregation or clustering at the sub-nanometer level. Based on x-ray diffraction 2θ–ω scan profiles and transmission electron microscope nano-diffraction patterns, the films with near-stoichiometric cation ratios were single crystalline with planar surfaces, whereas zinc-rich or zinc-poor films were polycrystalline with nonplanar surfaces. The growth direction of the single crystalline ZnGeN2 films on GaN templates was along the c-axis. Room temperature Raman spectra showed features associated with the phonon density of states, indicating the presence of cation disorder in the lattice. A cathodoluminescence peak associated with transitions involving deep level defects was observed around 640 nm. The intensity of this peak increased by almost 2.5 times as the temperature was reduced to 77 K from room temperature. A similar peak was observed in the photoluminescence spectra collected at 80 K.
A new perturbative expansion for fermionic functional integrals
Authors: Goswami Abhishek
Published: June 2020

We construct a power series representation of certain functional integrals involving Grassmann variables that appear in Euclidean fermionic quantum field theory on a finite lattice in dimensions greater than or equal to 2. Our expansion has a local structure, is clean, and provides an easy alternative to the decoupling expansion and Mayer-type cluster expansions in any analysis. As an example, we show the exponential decay of the two-point truncated correlation function (uniform in volume) in a massive Gross–Neveu model on a unit lattice.
Contrasting chaotic with stochastic dynamics via ordinal transition networks
Authors: Olivares F. , Zanin M. , Zunino L. , Pérez D. G.
Published: June 2020

We introduce a representation space to contrast chaotic with stochastic dynamics. Following the complex network representation of a time series through ordinal pattern transitions, we propose to assign each system a position in a two-dimensional plane defined by the permutation entropy of the network (global network quantifier) and the minimum value of the permutation entropy of the nodes (local network quantifier). The numerical analysis of representative chaotic maps and stochastic systems shows that the proposed approach is able to distinguish linear from non-linear dynamical systems by different planar locations. Additionally, we show that this characterization is robust when observational noise is considered. Experimental applications allow us to validate the numerical findings and to conclude that this approach is useful in practical contexts.