bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los determinantes de confianza y riesgo percibido sobre los usuarios de bitcoin
Authors: López Zambrano Carlos Roberto , Camberos Castro Mario , Villarreal Peralta Edna María
Published: September 2021

Uno de los posibles determinantes de la intención de usar bitcoin puede ser la confianza de los usuarios, ya que en el poco tiempo de vigencia de la criptomoneda ha demostrado ser una opción real frente al dinero fiduciario. En este aspecto, cabe añadir que existen pocos estudios que consideran a la confianza como un determinante del uso de bitcoin, por lo que el objetivo de este estudio es investigar los factores en los que se basa la confianza y conocer hasta qué punto el riesgo percibido tiene una connotación negativa sobre el uso de la criptomoneda. Para ello se integra un modelo que es analizado bajo la metodología de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM), aplicado a una muestra de 174 usuarios de bitcoin. Los resultados de la evaluación de siete hipótesis teóricas indican que los elementos clave de la confianza son las garantías estructurales y la familiaridad ya que determinan la intención de uso y este a su vez el uso real; a diferencia de la confianza basada en las garantías estructurales y la normalidad situacional que son poco significativas. El riesgo percibido demostró tener poca relación con la intención de uso. Por lo tanto, los proveedores de servicios relacionados con bitcoin deben enfocarse en generar situaciones de confianza para los usuarios basadas en la seguridad y las regulaciones, además de crear entornos que generen familiaridad.
Efecto de la satisfacción laboral y la confianza sobre el clima organizacional, mediante ecuaciones estructurales
Authors: Chiang Vega Margarita , Hidalgo-Ortiz Juan Pablo , Gómez-Fuentealba Nelly
Published: September 2021

En el campo de la salud pública existe la necesidad de alcanzar nuevos logros y realizar mejoras en el cuidado de las personas, no solo para aumentar la satisfacción de los usuarios, sino también para aumentar la satisfacción de los propios trabajadores, con respecto a su productividad como empleados de instituciones de salud pública. La mejora en ámbitos del comportamiento organizacional, puede afectar y beneficiar la productividad de funcionarios del área de la salud, incluyendo una reducción en los índices de ausentismo y mejoras en la calidad de atención otorgada a los usuarios. Esta investigación analizó un hospital de alta complejidad, con el objetivo de determinar si existe una relación de la satisfacción laboral y la confianza interpersonal con el clima organizacional. El estudio es transversal y correlacional. El instrumento de medición es una encuesta que consta de cuatro cuestionarios, la muestra quedó conformada por 344 funcionarios. Se aplicaron modelos de ecuaciones estructurales y se generaron dos modelos: modelo original (Clima organizacional = B1 Satisf. Laboral + B2x Conf. Interpersonal + Error) y modelo alternativo (Clima Organizacional = B1x Satisfacción Laboral + Error). Se concluye que la satisfacción laboral tiene una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa sobre el clima organizacional, aquí se privilegian la satisfacción con el grupo de trabajo y la oportunidad de desarrollo. La percepción de confianza interpersonal no fue estadísticamente relevante en el contexto estudiado.
Association of ulcerative colitis and IgA nephropathy: A case report
Authors: S Boulajaad , M Haida , Ait Errami , S Oubaha , Z Samlani , K Krati
Published: September 2021

The extradigestive manifestations of chronic inflammatory bowel disease most often affect the articulations, skin, eyes, liver and bile ducts. Renal involvement is rare, and manifests as kidney stones, glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, and secondary amyloidosis. In this context of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, in particular ulcerative colitis, renal involvement is very often secondary to nephrotoxicity of the basic treatment of digestive pathology, and very rarely an authentic extradigestive manifestation of intestinal disease. We report a case of IgA nephropathy as an extra-digestive manifestation of ulcerative colitis. The objective of this study is not to neglect the IgA nephtopathy as an extradigestive manifestation of IBD which, even though rare, remains a condition to be looked for by clinicians during the follow-up of IBD.
DNA Extraction from Sterivex Filters v1
Authors: Neil Thornton Christopher , Brazelton William
Published: September 2021

Modified 2015 by the Brazelton Lab from protocols by Rika Anderson, Colleen Kellogg, Julie Huber, and Byron Crump. Incorporated some recommendations from Lever et al. (2015) Frontiers in Microbiology doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00476.
RNA Extraction from Sterivex Filters v1
Authors: Brazelton William , Lizethe Pendleton H
Published: September 2021

Modified 2020 by H. Lizethe Pendleton from the Brazelton Lab DNA extraction protocol.
dagmawit zewdu v1
Authors: Zewdu Dagmawit
Published: September 2021

2021
El maltrato infantil: una aproximación sociohistórica a las prácticas de crianza y maternidad a la luz de las representaciones sociales
Authors: Bedoya-Gallego Diana Marcela , González-Gaviria Maira Alejandra , Jiménez-Pérez Laura Carolina , Correa-Cano Disney Tatiana , Careth-Henao Jhon Anthony , Valencia-Arboleda León Darío
Published: September 2021

El presente es un artículo de reflexión que, a la luz de la teoría de representaciones sociales, aborda analíticamente las concepciones de infancia y maternidad para plantear que, si bien las transformaciones sociohistóricas de la relación entre padres e hijos han dado lugar a una modificación en las formas de manifestación y legitimación del maltrato hacia niños y niñas, no han tenido efecto en la abolición de esta lamentable práctica. Proponemos que, pese a que dichas transformaciones dieron lugar al reconocimiento del niño/a como sujeto de derechos, a la necesaria preservación de estos por parte del Estado y a la emergencia de la función materna relacionada con el afecto y el cuidado, en la sociedad contemporánea persisten creencias arraigadas que legitiman el recurso a prácticas maltratantes en la crianza de los niños y niñas.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF DRUG TRANSPORT IN THE ARTERY
Authors: Bondar Olena
Published: September 2021

The article deals with a parabolic model that describes the transport of drugs into the artery. The problem of existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions of the problem is investigated. Proof of theorems is based on a priori estimates obtained in negative norms. The problem of minimizing the quality functional based on the solutions of the mathematical model equation is solved.
A Nonlinear Site Amplification Model for the Horizontal Component Developed for Ground-Motion Prediction Equations in Japan Using Site Period as the Site-Response Parameter
Authors: Hou Ruibin , Zhao John X.
Published: September 2021

This article presents a nonlinear site amplification model for ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs), using site period as site-effect proxy based on the measured shear-wave velocity profiles of selected KiK-net and K-NET sites in Japan. This model was derived using 1D equivalent-linear site-response analysis for a total of 516 measured soil-site shear-wave velocity profiles subjected to a total of 912 components of rock-site records. The modulus reduction and damping curves for each soil layer were assigned based on the soil-type description for a particular layer. The site period and site impedance ratio affect both the linear and nonlinear parts of this study, and were used as the site parameters in the 1D amplification model. A large impedance ratio enhances the amplification ratios when the site responds elastically and enhances the nonlinear response when the site develops a significant nonlinear response. The effects of moment magnitude and source distance on the linear part of the 1D amplification model were also incorporated in the model. To implement the 1D amplification model into GMPEs, a model adjustment is required to match the GMPE amplification ratio at weak motion and to retain the nonlinear amplification ratio at the strong motion of the 1D model. The two-step adjustment method by Zhao, Hu, et al. (2015) was adopted in this study with significant modifications. It is not possible to obtain a credible second-step adjustment parameter using the GMPEs dataset only. We proposed three methods for calculating the scale factors. Method 1 is a constant angle in a 30°–60° range for all spectral periods; method 2 was based on the GMPE dataset and 1-D model parameters; and method 3 was based on the strong-motion records used for the 1D site modeling. A simple second-step adjustment factor leads to smoothing amplification ratios and soil-site spectrum.
The body waves due to a general seismic source in a layered earth model: 1. Formulation of the theory
Authors: Bache T. C. , Harkrider D. G.
Published: September 2021

abstract

The radiation field exterior to any kind of volume source in a homogeneous medium can be represented in terms of an expansion in spherical harmonics. Such an expansion then provides an equivalent elastic source representation of quite general character in that nearly any proposed seismic source model, whether obtained using analytical or numerical (finite difference or finite element) methods, can be written in this form. The compatibility of this equivalent source with currently used source models, especially numerical models including detailed computations of the nonlinear processes at the source, is discussed. The equivalent source is then embedded in a stack of plane elastic layers representing the near-source crustal geology, and expressions are derived for computing the steeply emergent body waves exiting the base of the model. These displacements can then be combined with transfer functions representing the effect of the remainder of the travel path to compute theoretical seismograms for the body waves recorded in the far-field.
An analysis of tidal strain observations from the United States of America II. The inhomogeneous tide
Authors: Berger Jon , Beaumont Christopher
Published: September 2021

abstract

In Beaumont and Berger (1975), strain observations from seven sites in the continental United States were analyzed and compared with the homogeneous tides predicted for a radially stratified earth including the effects of ocean-tide loading. In this work the effects of lateral inhomogeneities in structure are examined using two- and three-dimensional finite element models. The results demonstrate that the topographic and geologic corrections are as large as ±25 per cent of the homogeneous strain tide for some of the strainmenter sites examined. Cavity effects are normally less than 5 per cent unless the strainmeters are installed transversely in tunnels. Contour plots of the topographic effects show that they may exceed ±50 per cent of the homogeneous strain in extreme cases.

It is concluded from an error analysis that a theoretical model including local perturbations due to lateral inhomogeneities as well as the load and earth tides explains the observations. However, the errors in the observations, and uncertainties in our knowledge of the deep ocean tides in particular, prevent strain observations from providing useful measures of whole earth elastic properties (Love numbers) or anelasticity.

In addition to earth tides, the results demonstrate that secular strain, in situ stress, and seismic strain must all be corrected for site effects.
Aftershocks of the February 21, 1973 Point Mugu, California earthquake
Authors: Stierman Donald J. , Ellsworth William L.
Published: September 2021

abstract

The ML 6.0 Point Mugu, California earthquake of February 21, 1973 and its aftershocks occurred within the complex fault system that bounds the southern front of the Transverse Ranges province of southern California. P-wave fault plane solutions for 51 events include reverse, strike slip and normal faulting mechanisms, indicating complex deformation within the 10-km broad fault zone. Hypocenters of 141 aftershocks fail to delineate any single fault plane clearly associated with the main shock rupture. Most aftershocks cluster in a region 5 km in diameter centered 5 km from the main shock hypocenter and well beyond the extent of fault rupture estimated from analysis of body-wave radiation. Strain release within the imbricate fault zone was controlled by slip on preexisting planes of weakness under the influence of a NE-SW compressive stress.
A catalog of historical earthquakes in China compiled from recent Chinese publications
Authors: Lee W. H. K. , Wu F. T. , Jacobsen Carl
Published: September 2021

abstract

A catalog of historical earthquakes in China from 1177 B.C. to 1899 A.D. has been compiled in a form suitable for computers. The data include the date, epicenter, magnitude, and epicentral intensity of the earthquake as well as the province where the earthquake occurred. The source materials are publications in Chinese of the Institute of Geophysics, Academia Sinica. Some of the historical events are evidently related to large faults that are easily discernible from satellite images. Comparing the historical seismicity map to epicenters located by the World Wide Standardized Seismograph Network stations since 1962, we may see the influence of population distribution on the historical data.
Corruption Risks in the Field of Public-Legal Protection of Animals: Case of Ukraine
Authors: Kolomoyets Tetyana , Makarenkov Oleksii
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the corruption risks in the field of exercising the powers of public-legal protection of animals. It is proved that such risks represent a system of spiritual, cultural, legal, organizational, economic, political and other factors that enable and/or encourage officials of public administration bodies to commit corruption offenses while exercising their authority in the field of animal protection. The essence of these factors is outlined, the specifics of which are determined by the nature of the subject of legal protection, the content and subjects of the implementation of public authority powers, the hierarchical level of their implementation. Wild and domestic (pets and homeless) animals in Ukraine are protected by the structures of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, the state service of Ukraine for Food safety and Consumer Protection, the state Forestry Agency of Ukraine and the state Fisheries Industry Agency of Ukraine, as well as local public authorities and community groups. Corruption risks are specified on examples of these bodies, including those that make use of their discretionary powers or those which are not granted adequate powers. It has been found that these risks are also due to structural deficiencies, a low level of legal culture among officials and their socioeconomic and/or legal insecurity.
Commentary on the Judgement of the Supreme Administrative Court of 20 June 2018 (II OSK 3084/17)
Authors: Ostrowska Anna , Polanowski Jakub
Published: September 2021

On 13 March 2014, the Lublin City Council, acting pursuant to Art. 40(2) point 4 and Art. 41(1) of the local Government Act of 8 March 1990 (lGA), adopted resolution no. 1017/XXXIX/2014 on the introduction of the regulations for the use of the Saxon Garden in Lublin. Th regulations are attached to the resolution. Th purpose of introducing the regulations is to determine up-to-date forms of use of the Garden, taking into account its historical value (§ 2). In § 5 of the Annex no. 1 of the regulations, a provision was introduced, according to which dogs are not allowed in the area of the Saxon Garden in Lublin, with the exception of guide dogs. In the judgement commented herein the Supreme Administrative Court declared § 5 of the Annex no. 1 invalid. The commentary contains arguments against the court’s position.
Protected Areas of Rare Species of Birds` Breeding Ground: Peculiarities of Legal Regulation in Ukraine
Authors: Levina Galyna Mikolayvna
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the changes in the legislation of Ukraine during 2016–2018, which have become the impetus for a new stage of development of legal regulation and practice of creation of protected areas around the breeding ground of wild birds, in particular, with the changes to the Sanitary Rules in forests of Ukraine, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 27 July 1995 no. 555 (in the wording of the Decree no. 756 of 26 October 2016), according to which since 11 november 2016, it is prohibited in Ukraine to implement measures to improve the sanitary state of forests (i.e. selective and continuous forest sanitation, elimination of clogging; prevention of the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases of the forest, combatting them, etc.) around the breeding ground of birds of prey from the Red Book of Ukraine (radius of 500 m), black stork (radius of 1,000 m), the lekking ground of gullers, black grouses (radius of 300 m). The decree of the Ministry of ecology and natural Resources of Ukraine no. 557 “On additional Measures for the Conservation of Rare and endangered Species of animals and Plants” of 29 December 2016, Decree of State agency of Forest Resources of Ukraine no. 17 “On additional Measures for the Protection of Wild animals and Plants Recorded in the Red Book of Ukraine” dated 20 January 2017, and separate local acts (of local councils, national natural parks, forestry enterprises, etc.) are also studied. The conclusions of the study on the peculiarities of the national legal regulation and the practice of creating such preservation zones, their legal regimes and recommendations for the improvement of legislation in this area are presented.
Ethics in the Operation of Banks in the Perspective of the Financial Crisis of 2007–2009
Authors: Komierzyńska-Orlińska Eliza
Published: September 2021

Ethics in bank operations is and should be relevant. Because of their special status – institutions of public trust and the special role they play in the market economy – creating the bloodstream of economic life while being its participants as entrepreneurs – all their actions should have ethical foundations. They staggered tremendously during the financial crisis of 2007–2009 (called the crisis of trust) when as a result of careless actions of banks a problem of so-called toxic assets appeared which have shaken the foundations of banking activity. This resulted in the collapse of the capital markets, partial paralysis of the global financial system and a massive recession. The greed and recklessness of financiers began to be identified with the institution of the bank. Th aim of this study is to draw attention to the fact that banks – despite the turmoil (or rather especially because of) the crisis of 2007–2009 – as institutions of public trust should be guided by the values, standards and principles of ethics in every aspect of its business despite the fact that they are entrepreneurs focused on maximizing profit.
Spectrum of neurological disorders in pregnancy in a neurology clinic in eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Pavan Kumar , Singh Reeta
Published: September 2021

Background: Pregnancy-induced endocrinal and physiological changes increase the risk of neuropathy and musculoskeletal problems in pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive look at the neurological and musculoskeletal disorders occurring during pregnancy.Methods: A total of 202 antenatal women with neurological and musculoskeletal problems were enrolled for study. Their demographic characteristics were noted. Detailed clinical history and neurological examination was done. Radiological investigations including x-ray, CT head, MRI brain, MRA, MR Venography with electrophysiological NCS studies were performed accordingly.Results: Among musculoskeletal symptoms most prevalent was LBA (50%), cramps (15.7 %) followed by pelvic girdle pain (10%) and wrist pain (8,5). Among peripheral neurological disorders most common was CTS (12.37%) followed by bells palsy. Among Central neurological disorders most common was headache (26.23%), seizures (12.37%), eclampsia (2.47%), followed by Cortical venous thrombosis CVT, BIH, PRES.Conclusions: Among musculoskeletal complaints the most frequent symptoms during pregnancy were low back pain, hip joint pain, cramps and wrist pain. Among neuropathies CTS prevalence was relatively higher in pregnant women especially in third trimester and was mostly bilateral. Among central neurological symptoms headache especially migraine without aura and seizures were common while eclampsia, CVT, BIH, PRES were less common.
Profile of congenital defects in foetuses: incidence and risk factors: a prospective observational study
Authors: Jaiswal Parul , Sehgal Alka , Kaur Anupriya , Goel Bharti , Kochhar Suman
Published: September 2021

Background: Perinatal outcome is one of the major indicators of evaluating health care system of a country. Congenital defects form important components of this parameter. The aim of the study was to determine the risk factors associated with congenital malformations in foetuses.Methods: All antenatal mothers whose foetuses were detected to have congenital defects on ultrasonography irrespective of period of gestation were enrolled for the study.Results: Eighty-six pregnant women with prenatally diagnosed fetal anomalies were enrolled for the study, out of which, 87.2% (N=75) belonged to 20-30 years age group. Majority of the subjects were educated till secondary school. Compared to primigravidae, the incidence of malformations was significantly higher in the multigravida group (69.8% vs 30.2% respectively). Thirty-eight (44.2%) mothers with malformed foetuses missed folic acid intake during early pregnancy. Only 40% mothers had prior history of abortions. Smoking was seen in 9% of subjects with malformations. Seven (8.3%) mothers had previous history of malformations and 5 (5.8%) reported a family history of malformations. Consanguineous marriage was observed in 4.7% of couples. Oligohydramnios or anhydramnios was associated with 11.6% foetuses, while polyhydramnios was seen in 53.5%. CNS malformations were seen in 57% of foetus, followed by genitourinary system malformations (9.2%).Conclusions: Tertiary level hospitals need to be upgraded with a dedicated multidisciplinary team of foetal medicine to cater to medical, clinical, surgical, preventive and therapeutic needs of malformed foetuses.
Febrile morbidity post laparoscopic myomectomy for symptomatic large submucous myoma in an adolescent girl
Authors: Agrawal Prabha , Agrawal Rahul , Muthineni Sri Varshini
Published: September 2021

The occurrence of post-operative fever after myomectomy without an apparent infectious cause has been reported in various studies. We here in report a case of an 18-year girl with abnormal uterine bleeding and severe anemia resulting from a large 5 cm submucosal fibroid. She underwent laparoscopic myomectomy. Surgery was uneventful. Post-operative she had fever of 100.4°F which lasted for 48 hours. Antibiotic coverage was continued for 48 hours. Her urine culture and hemogram were negative for infection. Early postoperative fever is most commonly caused by inflammatory changes rather than infectious causes. Large submucous fibroids can be managed by laparoscopy with excellent clinical outcomes and minimal morbidity.
A second trimester live tubal ectopic pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Kunwar Kiran , Punetha Megha , Jain Geeta
Published: September 2021

Ectopic or extra-uterine pregnancy occurs most commonly in fallopian tube. High index of suspicion is key to diagnose ectopic pregnancy in a pregnant-women presenting in first trimester with complains of amenorrhoea, pain in lower abdomen and vaginal bleeding. Such pregnancy can be managed by expectant, medically with methotrexate or surgically via laparoscopy or laparotomy if diagnosed promptly. In this case study, a 36-years-old, G2P1+0 presented in second trimester of pregnancy with pain in lower abdomen and vaginal bleeding. Her vitals were unstable and abdomen tender on palpation. Urgent ultrasound was done suggestive empty uterine cavity, a live 13 weeks 6 days fetus in left adnexa and hemoperitoneum suggestive ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy. The patient’s final diagnosis was live 13 weeks 6 days ruptured left tubal ectopic pregnancy which was managed by emergency laparotomy with a salpingectomy.
Diagnosis and management of iatrogenic ureteral injury in total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Akpak Yaşam Kemal , Kantarcı Sercan , Oral Serkan , Duran Tuğkan
Published: September 2021

Ureteral injury is common in gynecological surgeries due to the proximity to organs. The risk of ureteral injury is higher in laparoscopic hysterectomy operations compared to abdominal or vaginal hysterectomies. Obesity, endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, history of previous surgery, enlarged uterus, and intraoperative hemorrhage are some of the risk factors identified for ureteral injury. Intraoperative cystoscopy and postoperative urinary ultrasonography can be used in the diagnosis of early ureteral injury. Management of ureteral injury differs according to the extent, type, and localization of the injury. In evaluating the ureteral injury, early diagnosis and early repair in appropriate patients are essential in morbidity and medicolegal.
Awareness about government maternal benefit schemes among pregnant women attending Anganawadi centres in North Karnataka
Authors: Mundargi Kausar , Hiregoudar Vandana
Published: September 2021

Background: During pregnancy and child birth women are very much vulnerable to sickness and complications. Maternal morbidity and mortality can be reduced by giving proper preventive and promotive health care specially by promoting early registration, regular antenatal check-ups and institutional deliveries. There is an improvement in care since last decade. Still there is a long way in achieving complete success out of these National programmes.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in six Anganawadi centres in rural field practice area of medical college for a period of 4 months from 1st June 2017 to 30th September 2017. Universal sampling was adopted to include all registered pregnant women. Informed consent was taken. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Appropriate descriptive statistics like proportion and percentage were used describe and to draw the inferences.Results: A total of 104 pregnant women were included. Most of them were in the age group of 20 to 30 years 76 (73.1%). More than half were in third trimester 60 (57.7%), seeking antenatal care from both government and private facilities equally. Awareness about various schemes ranged from minimum of 2 (1.9%) for JSSK to maximum of 102 (98.1%) for ICDS. ASHA workers 96 (92.3%) acted as source of information for majority of pregnant women followed by Anganawadi workers 88 (84.6%).Conclusions: Knowledge was adequate but not sufficient across all schemes hence more efforts should be done to overcome this discrepancy. Health care workers like ASHA and Anganawadi worker have put efforts in creating awareness.
Medical technology intervention in improving the quality of life among the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Doddaiah Sunil Kumar , Shwetha G. , Gopi Arun , Murthy M. R. Narayana , S. Bilimale Anil , Anil Deepak
Published: September 2021

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose with a disruption of fat and protein metabolism. Severe restrictions in diet, daily medications and other complications of diabetes can adversely affect an individual’s health related quality of life. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of educational intervention on quality of life (QOL) among the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Mysuru city.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from 1 November 2019 to 31 May 2020 among 138 diabetes patients at an urban health centre, Mysuru. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics was collected using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Assessment of QOL was done using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23 (licensed to JSS AHER).Results: The overall mean score of pre-test QOL of the study participants was 81.72±8.57 and post-test mean score was 86.43±6.322. It was observed that 68 (49.27%) participants had good total QOL score and 70 (50.72%) had poor total QOL score. Among all the 3 groups, group A showed improvement in QOL when compared to other 2 groups with 52.2% in post-test.Conclusions: Improved QOL was seen in educational intervention using smartphone app when compared to other two groups (handouts and control group). QOL is one of the important factors among T2DM patients and it is important to take effective measures to improve it along with focusing on behavioural changes and health education.
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella species isolated from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital Coimbatore
Authors: V. Vijayashree , D. Saikeerthana , P. Prabha
Published: September 2021

Background: The genus Klebsiella of Enterobacteriaceae family is ubiquitous in nature. They cause many nosocomial infections like pneumonia, urinary tract infections, wound infections, bacteremia and septicemia. Multidrug resistance is seen in Klebsiella which serves as the most common cause of increased morbidity and mortality. This study reveals the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. The primary objectives are as follows: To isolate and characterize Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. To study the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella isolates.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in our tertiary care hospital during the period from August 2019 to October 2019. A total of 3521 samples were tested during this period. The samples include blood, sputum, urine, and pus.Results: Out of the total samples tested,1106 samples were showing the growth of the organisms. Among this,351 were identified as Klebsiella species and the highest rate of isolation of Klebsiella species is from the sputum sample and also the same was reported high in medical wards. The study also shows that the isolation of Klebsiella species shows male preponderance when compared to females. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was done by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method and the sensitivity was noted to be higher to amikacin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions: Thus, this study shows the prevalence rate of Klebsiella species and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella, which may help select appropriate antibiotics and prevent overuse and misuse of antibiotics.
Predictors of recovery from COVID-19: a retrospective study in one of the aspirational district of India
Authors: Katoch Gurmeet , Sharma Ekta , Guleri Rajesh
Published: September 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the third corona virus that has emerged among the human population in last two decades. The main aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and recovery predictors of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients admitted at COVID health facilities.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted from April 2020 to September 2020. The categorical and continuous variables were expressed as frequency, percentages and as mean and standard deviation respectively. Pearson chi square test and multivariable logistic regression were applied to ascertain the associations. Mean recovery time was compared by Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results: The mean age of participants was 36.8±17.54 years with a male preponderance. The age group of 20-39 years was the most affected group (43%). Age and pre-existing co morbidities were found to be significant factors affecting the recovery duration of patients. Mean recovery time with respect to age groups and gender was 15 and 18 days respectively. Mortality rate of 2% was recorded.Conclusions: In conclusion, COVID-19 affects a wide-range of population. Although age was not found to be a significant factor for acquiring the disease, however younger age group was significantly associated with early recovery. Considering our findings, we suggest additional measures to protect the vulnerable population.
Nutritional status of mid-day meal program on government and private school students: a comparative study
Authors: Souza Sunitha H. D. , Shetty Prashanth , Shetty Geetha B.
Published: September 2021

Background: Mid-day meal scheme is a school meal programme of the Government of India, designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children. Malnourished children will not attain optimum potential for growth and development and this affects their physical capacity to work and physiological changes in the later phase of life. The food that we eat affects the nutritional status; hence the study was evaluated to find the nutritional status of the mid-day meal program in school going children.Methods: Total of 100 subjects were selected into 2 groups, 50 students from government schools and another 50 from private schools. Government school groups received mid-day meal scheme and private school students brought their personal lunch. Anthropometric and haemoglobin evaluation was done.Results: The study showed that mid-day meal effects on nutritional status and one meal gives a calorific value of 357.6 and there was a significant difference between the distribution of MUAC (CM) during pre and post nutritious period in government school students. There was no significant difference between the other anthropometric measurements like height, weight and TSFT and hemoglobin values.Conclusions: Study showed that mid-day meal affects nutritional status. A balanced freshly cooked meal in the noon is healthier and nutritious impacting the school children’s academic performance.
Social behavioral change communication - an approach to vaccine hesitancy
Authors: S. Suthanthira Kannan , Rajeshwari Swetha , Ramasamy Aarthy
Published: September 2021

While the proportion of a population needed to be vaccinated against COVID-19 to achieve herd immunity has not yet been established, addressing COVID-19-related vaccine hesitancy is expected to lead to greater numbers of vaccinated individuals, in turn resulting in fewer COVID-19 cases, reduced infection transmission and fewer deaths. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy are influenced by a spectrum of factors from individual belief system to external sources of information. We need to adopt a multi-pronged approach which involves socio demographic domains to achieve herd immunity.
Second wave of COVID-19 pandemic is depressing: is there any hope?
Authors: Govil Gaurav , Tomar Lavindra , Dhawan Pawan
Published: September 2021

We read the article detailing the impact on the mental health amongst the residents of Assam during COVID-19 lockdown with a lot of anguish and concern. The rise of second wave of COVID-19 pandemic is more unforgiving due to the high infectivity of the double mutant variant. The deadly cost of ignorance has compounded the misery aggravating the mental imbalance.Hope seems elusive during the evolving crisis with highly constrained healthcare infrastructure, resources and high fatality.
Globus pharyngeus a diagnostic challenge for otolaryngologist
Authors: Hussain Tanvir , Patil Aishan , Copperthwaite Amy , Fahy Ronan , Keane Emma
Published: September 2021

Background: Globus pharyngeus, also known as globus sensation, can be defined as the sensation of a lump or foreign body in the absence of a mass on examination. The disorder is frequently linked to catarrh, hoarseness, chronic cough and persistent throat clearing. Globus pharyngeus accounts for 4 percent of ENT (ear, nose and throat) referrals. The exact cause of globus pharyngeus is unknown. The presence of lingual tonsil, cricopharyngeal spasm, hiatus hernia, cervical osteophytosis, sinusitis, gastro-oesophageal reflux, goiter post-nasal drip and anxiety have all been shown as associations in the literature. Digestive enzymes and regurgitation of stomach acid are thought to cause persistent inflammation, for example, of the laryngopharynx, which causes symptoms. Reflux has been depicted in 23-68 percent of patients with globus sensation. Notably, some studies claim that asymptomatic control patients have a similar rate.

Methods: We presented our audit study of 50 subsets of patients. It was considered that gastro-oesophageal reflux was the reason; however, it cannot explain all the potential causes.

Results: Barium swallow was found to be a very key diagnostic tool in this group of patients.

Conclusions: Panendoscopy in globus sensation in the throat, looking through the possible causes of globus sensation, current trends and diagnosis as well as methods of treatment.
Challenges in treating patients with foreign bodies in hypopharynx and esophagus: our experience in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sapna S. Nambiar , S. A. Swathilal , K. P. Sunilkumar , Aravind M. V. Soumya
Published: September 2021

Background: Foreign bodies (FBs) of the hypopharynx and esophagus are among the common otolaryngologic emergencies. Every new case poses a clinical challenge with need for optimal treatment strategy. The objective of our study is to highlight a few of the challenges faced while treating these patients.

Methods:  A prospective study was done on all patients who reported to the ENT casualty, Government Medical College Kozhikode with history or suspicion of foreign body throat from January 2020 to January 2021. A total of 160 patients reported of which 48 (30%) patients required further evaluation with rigid endoscopy and foreign body removal in the operative room. A few challenges like migration of foreign bodies, dilemma in diagnosis with FB mimicking ossified cartilages on X-ray, FB removal in mentally challenged patients and treatment of esophageal perforation post rigid endoscopy are discussed.

Results: Only 48 (30%) patients of the total 160 patients required rigid endoscopy and foreign body removal in the operating room. The foreign body was obtained in 42 (87.5%) patients while 6 (12.5%) patients improved post rigid endoscopy though foreign body was not obtained. One patient with denture in the esophagus developed esophageal perforation requiring prolonged hospital stay.

Conclusions: A high index of suspicion among patients presenting with dysphagia, neck pain and sudden decrease in food intake is warranted. Early diagnosis with appropriate imaging modalities is essential for confirmation of diagnosis. Dentures are among FBs that necessitate more caution. Esophageal perforation, a rare but life-threatening complication must be diagnosed timely with appropriate surgical intervention.
Mono-Radicular mandibular canine with complex canal anatomy — A unique case report
Authors: Ghorai Laboni , Dey Rupankar
Published: September 2021

A comprehensive knowledge of the root canal anatomy is essential for successful endodontic treatment. However, presence of anatomic variation in the tooth can be diagnostically and technically challenging and hence may pose difficulties during endodontic therapy. The anatomical variations associated with permanent mandibular canines have been reported by several investigators. Mandibular canines are recognized as usually having one root with one root canal in majority of cases. The occurrence of two root canals in single-rooted mandibular canine is considered unusual in Indian population. This case report describes non-surgical endodontic management of right permanent mandibular canine having one root with two canals and one apical foramen (Vertucci Type II).
An epidemiological study of poisoning trend in sonipat Haryana region-A one year study
Authors: Kumar Vashist Yogesh , Malik Yogender , Sharma Gaurav , Sharma Balraj , Kumar Sunil , Singh Yadav Sangram
Published: September 2021

Poison is a substance that causes damage or injury to the body and endangers one’s life due to its exposure by means of ingestion, inhalation, or contact and it is an important public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Hence, this study was done at tertiary care Hospital in north India (Haryana region) from year 2012 to 2013. 59 cases of acute poisoning in adults due to chemicals were included. Data on age, sex, marital status, occupation, locality, type of poison, were recorded and analyzed by descriptive method. Among 120 postmortem cases, 59 cases were of poisoning. Males (40 cases) outnumbered females (19 cases) and 46 cases were married. Peak occurrence was in the age group of 31-40 years (18 cases). Occupation wise poisoning was commonly found among male laborers (25.4%) and farmers (20.3%) followed by house wives (28.1%) and students (6.8%). Organophosphorus was the commonest agent (42.4%). The incidence of poisoning and its morbidity and mortality can be reduced by developing and implementation of effective prevention strategies.
Mission of Foreign Protestants in Russia on the Eve and during the Great Russian Revolution and the Civil War
Authors: Potapova Natalya
Published: September 2021

Based on the study of a wide range of sources (published and unpublished), the article explores the activities of foreign Protestant missions in Russia on the eve and during the years of the revolution, the Civil War and foreign intervention (1917—1922). The intensification of the bilateral process of interaction between Russian and foreign Protestantism during the years of the revolution, the Civil War and the intervention in Russia under the conditions of the proclaimed freedom of conscience and the absence of legislative restrictions on missionary activity, was associated, both with the global missionary designs of foreign, primarily American missionary and Christian humanitarian organizations, and with the internal trends in the development of the domestic Evangelical-Baptist community, which has set as its goal the large-scale evangelization of Russia. Using the example of the largest denominations — Evangelical Christianity and Baptism, the impact of foreign missionaries and missionary organizations on domestic Protestantism is studied, the main countries-“importers” of the mission, its goals, methods and forms of missionary work, the main directions of interaction with Russian believers are identified.
Investigation of Operation of Coil-Flow Steam Generator of Serpentine Type in Conditions of Low Ambient Temperatures
Authors: Osintsev Konstantin , Aliukov Sergey , Kuskarbekova Sulpan
Published: September 2021

Stationary and mobile steam generators are widely used in low ambient temperatures, for example in areas described by the Köppen world map as subarctic. Such equipment is often used in oil and gas fields. At the moment, the existing standard boiler plants are outdated. The purpose of this work is an experimental study of a coiled-type direct-flow steam generator developed by the authors in the winter period at low ambient temperatures. The tasks to be solved to achieve the goal are associated with obtaining experimental data at different operating modes of the installation, their processing and the development of empirical coefficients of gas movement inside the coaxial cylinders of the steam generator. In addition, another task is to develop a theoretical basis for the obtained experimental data. Based on the results of the work, the dependences of pressure and temperature on fuel consumption in various modes were obtained. Statistical analysis was applied to the data obtained. The authors have developed equations for calculating the convective part in the process of radiant-convective heat transfer in coaxial gas ducts, taking into account the design features of a once-through coil-type steam generator. Finally, promising directions for further improving the efficiency of steam generators of this type are proposed.
Heat Transfer Enhancement of Different Channel Geometries Using Nanofluids and Porous Media
Authors: Azzawi Itimad D.J. , Yahya Samir Gh , Al-Rubaye Layth Abed Hasnawi , Ali Senaa Kh.
Published: September 2021

In this study, natural convection of heat transfer in various channel geometries with a constant surface area under laminar flow condition has been investigated numerically. Various hot surface temperatures (Th = 35-95°C) have been applied on the surfaces of the channels to investigate four different geometries of annular channels (Circular (C), Square (S), Elliptic (E) and Airfoil (F)) on the heat transfer rate. Once the optimum geometry was exhibited, the effect of three nanofluids (Al2O3/water, CuO/water and SiO2/water) is investigated in the analysis and compared to pure water to enhance the convective heat transfer of the base fluid. Moreover, with these nanofluids, analysis has been performed for three different volume concentrations of nanoparticles of Ø = 2%, 4% and 6% along with 0% (pure water). Porous foams (ε = 0.9 to 0.99) were used in addition to nanofluids to see if heat transfer could be improved. Results indicate that the heat transfer rate was greatly increased when the airfoil geometry was used, with a maximum and minimum increase in heat transfer coefficient of 60% and 46%, respectively. Also, higher nanoparticle of Al2O3 dispersion to the base fluid enhances the heat transfer rate by 15% compared to other nanofluids.
A Computational Study on Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Through a Rotating Curved Duct with Rectangular Cross Section
Authors: Mondal Rabindra Nath , Hasan Mohammad Sanjeed , Islam Mohammad S. , Islam Md. Zohurul , Saha Suvash C.
Published: September 2021

The understanding of fluid flow and heat transfer (HT) through a rotating curved duct (RCD) is important for different engineering applications. The available literature improved the understanding of the fluid flow and HT through a large-curvature rotating duct. However, the comprehensive knowledge of fluid flow and HT through an RCD with small curvature is little known. This numerical study aims to perform fluid flow characterization and HT through an RCD with curvature ratio 0.001. The spectral based numerical approach investigates the effects of rotation on fluid flow and HT for the Taylor number −1000≤Tr≤1500. A constant pressure gradient force, the Dean number Dn = 100, and a constant buoyancy force parameter, the Grashof number Gr = 500 are used for the numerical simulation. Fortran code is developed for the numerical computations and Tecplot software is used for the post-processing purpose. The numerical study investigates steady solutions and a structure of two-branches of steady solutions is obtained for positive rotation. The transient solution reports the transitional flow patterns and HT through the rotating duct, and two- to four-vortex solutions are observed. In case of negative rotation, time-dependent solutions show that the Coriolis force exhibits an opposite effect to that of the curvature so that the flow characteristics exhibit various flow instabilities. The numerical result shows that convective HT is increased with the increase of rotation and highly complex secondary flow patterns influence the overall HT from the heated wall to the fluid. To validate the numerical results, a comparison with the experimental data is provided, which shows that a good agreement is attained between the numerical and experimental investigations.