bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Long-Lasting Static Stretching Intervention on Functional and Morphological Parameters in the Plantar Flexors: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Warneke Konstantin , Keiner Michael , Wohlann Tim , Lohmann Lars H. , Schmitt Tina , Hillebrecht Martin , Brinkmann Anna , Hein Andreas , Wirth Klaus , Schiemann Stephan
Published: June 2023

Warneke, K, Keiner, M, Wohlann, T, Lohmann, LH, Schmitt, T, Hillebrecht, M, Brinkmann, A, Hein, A, Wirth, K, and Schiemann, S. Influence of long-lasting static stretching intervention on functional and morphological parameters in the plantar flexors: a randomised controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1993–2001, 2023—Animal studies show that long-lasting stretching training can lead to significant hypertrophy and increases in maximal strength. Accordingly, previous human studies found significant improvements in maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), flexibility, and muscle thickness (MTh) using constant angle long-lasting stretching. It was hypothesized that long-lasting stretching with high intensity will lead to sufficient mechanical tension to induce muscle hypertrophy and maximal strength gains. This study examined muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, 45 well-trained subjects (f: 17, m: 28, age: 27.7 ± 3.0 years, height: 180.8 ± 4.9 cm, mass: 80.4 ± 7.2 kg) were assigned to an intervention group (IG) that stretched the plantar flexors 6 × 10 minutes per day for 6 weeks or a control group (CG). Data analysis was performed using 2-way ANOVA. There was a significant Time × Group interaction in MVC (p < 0.001–0.019, ƞ2 = 0.158–0.223), flexibility (p < 0.001, ƞ2 = 0.338–0.446), MTh (p = 0.002–0.013, ƞ2 = 0.125–0.172), and MCSA (p = 0.003–0.014, ƞ2 = 0.143–0.197). Post hoc analysis showed significant increases in MVC (d = 0.64–0.76), flexibility (d = 0.85–1.12), MTh (d = 0.53–0.6), and MCSA (d = 0.16–0.3) in IG compared with CG, thus confirming previous results in well-trained subjects. Furthermore, this study improved the quality for the morphological examination by investigating both heads of the gastrocnemius with MRI and sonography. Because stretching can be used passively, an application in rehabilitation settings seems plausible, especially if no commonly used alternatives such as strength training are applicable.
Feasibility Study of an ASTM Standard in Determining the Mixed-Mode I-II Fracture Toughness of Asphalt Concrete Materials
Authors: Erarslan Nazife
Published: June 2023

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has proposed ASTM D8044, Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Asphalt Mixture Cracking Resistance Using the Semi-circular Bend Test (SCB) at Intermediate Temperatures, to test the tensile fracture toughness (mode I) of asphalt concrete materials using semicircular disk bend specimens. However, one of the main objectives of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the ASTM D8044 standard for analyzing the mixed-mode I-II (tensile and shear) fracturing of asphalt concrete materials. This study is a comparative evaluation of experimental, analytical, and numerical analysis. The stress distribution and cohesive crack growth analysis were performed using the fracture mechanics program FRANC2D. Experimental results showed that the notched cracks opened at a 30° inclination angle (β) and kept opening up to β of 45°. The mode I fracture toughness (KIC) of asphalt concrete specimens was found to be 0.37 MPa√m. The KIC value, on the other hand, was determined to be 0.44 MPa√m for the 30° inclined crack and 0.40 MPa√m for the 45° inclined notch crack. The critical crack length was found to be 2–2.5 mm using critical crack threshold analysis. On the other hand, the critical crack length was found between 8 mm and 10 mm for the mixed-mode (I-II) loading. It is believed that this study could be considered an initial research on the use of semicircular disk bend geometry for asphalt concrete materials, not only for mode I test but also for mixed-mode loading tests and for the establishment of an international standard test.
Analysis of Hydrothermal Coupling Effect of Asphalt Pavement between Tunnels in Seasonally Frozen Area
Authors: Yang Enhui , Pang Chenxi , Luo Lei , Zhang Haopeng , Di Haibo , Yuan Feiyun , Qiu Yanjun
Published: June 2023

At present, research on the icing process of asphalt pavement between tunnels in seasonally frozen areas still relies on historical weather or laboratory simulation data to predict the occurrence of icing. However, these methods are time-consuming and the experimental data are discrete. In this article, according to the phase-change heat transfer, moisture migration, and stress-strain equations, the hydro-thermal-mechanical coupling models of asphalt pavement in seasonal frozen area under saturated water conditions were constructed through the secondary development of general finite element software. Additionally, an indoor icing experimental system was independently developed to verify the effectiveness of prediction model. The results show that the rutting plate temperatures of indoor experiment are close to the simulated results of prediction model. The influence level of ice-water phase transition on temperature field at the road surface becomes smaller as the water film freezes gradually, and the temperature change of road surface tends to be smooth after the water film is completely frozen. The moisture inside the SMA-13 subgrade surface section between the tunnels first freezes, then melts, and finally freezes again. The times when the ice content reaches maximum and minimum coincide with the times when the temperatures reach minimum and maximum. The stress variation amplitudes of the road surface and the top surface of the middle, lower, base, and sub-base layers are weakened in turn. The subgrade section between tunnels basically does not produce vertical displacements when the soil foundation is not subject to frost heave. Interestingly, the relatively obvious vertical displacements have occurred above soil foundation when the frost heave of soil foundation is considered, and the vertical displacement of the surface and base layers are relatively consistent. Therefore, the hydro-thermal-mechanical coupling models proposed in this article are effective for predicting the occurrence of icing for asphalt pavement.
The Role of Social Research in Opposing Injustice
Authors: Murakami Saori
Published: June 2023

This study uses a post-disciplinary and synthetic methodology to explore how social research can contribute to helping those struggling against injustice. First, it reviews recent initiatives that have emerged from sociology and moral and political philosophy to reconnect normative inquiry with empirical social science. Second, applying Amartya Sen’s nonideal theory of justice, it brings these diverse initiatives together and develops a systematic proposal for social justice. It proposes that (1) injustice can be reduced through public reasoning in which people exercise practical reason on what constitutes injustice and what actions should be taken to remedy it; (2) all of us are agents of change whose reasoning and action have leverage in reducing injustice; and (3) theoretical concepts invented by academics can move public reasoning towards the reduction of injustice by affording people, including those struggling against injustice, with critical perspectives and discursive resources. Third, to increase the effectiveness of the proposal, it delineates three routes through which academics can contribute to making public reasoning more inclusive, interactive, and iterative: (1) as public intellectuals, academics can disseminate their normative and empirical research to the general public and make public reasoning more interactive; (2) through coalition-building, academics can help marginalised people come up with solutions to the injustices they face and help magnify marginalised people’s voices to influence public reasoning; and (3) through teaching, academics can cultivate normative consciousness amongst students coupled with their habit of developing refined opinions, using impartial spectators, and acknowledging the human rights of different others, all while working towards making universities more inclusive.
Relationships between summertime surface albedo and melt pond fraction in the central Arctic Ocean: The aggregate scale of albedo obtained on the MOSAiC floe
Authors: Calmer Radiance , de Boer Gijs , Hamilton Jonathan , Lawrence Dale , Webster Melinda A. , Wright Nicholas , Shupe Matthew D. , Cox Christopher J. , Cassano John J.
Published: June 2023

As part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), the HELiX uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) was deployed over the sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean during summer 2020. Albedo measurements were obtained with stabilized pyranometers, and melt pond fraction was calculated from orthomosaic imagery from a surface-imaging multispectral camera. This study analyzed HELiX flight data to provide insights on the temporal and spatial evolution of albedo and melt pond fraction of the MOSAiC floe during the melt season as it drifted south through Fram Strait. The surface albedo distributions showed peak values changing from high albedo (0.55–0.6) to lower values (0.3) as the season advanced. Inspired by methods developed for satellite data, an algorithm was established to retrieve melt pond fraction from the orthomosaic images. We demonstrate that the near-surface observations of melt pond fraction were highly dependent on sample area, offering insight into the influence of subgrid scale features and spatial heterogeneity in satellite observations. Vertical observations conducted with the HELiX were used to quantify the influence of melt pond scales on observed surface albedo as a function of sensor footprint. These scaling results were used to link surface-based measurements collected during MOSAiC to broader-scale satellite data to investigate the influence of surface features on observed albedo. Albedo values blend underlying features within the sensor footprint, as determined by the melt pond size and concentration. This study framed the downscaling (upscaling) problem related to the airborne (surface) observations of surface albedo across a variety of spatial scales.
Diş Çekiminden Sonra Gelişen Alveolit Vakalarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKKURT Oğulcan , TOPAL Olgun
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, diş çekimi sonrası gelişen en sık komplikasyonlardan biri olan alveolar osteitis (alveolit) olgularının farklı parametreler kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2019 ile 2022 tarihleri arasında Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalına başvuran ve diş çekimi yapıldıktan sonra klinikte alveolit teşhisi konan 71 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, diş çekimi yapılan bölge, sistemik hastalık varlığı, sigara kullanımı ve mevsim değişkenlerine göre alveolit görülmesi retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın istatistiksel analizleri SPSS paket programı ile yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Alveolit olgusu gelişen hastaların % 62’sinin kadın, % 38’inin erkek olduğu bulunmuş, cinsiyetler arasındaki dağılım anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Genç ve orta yaş gruplarında (21-60) alveolitin daha fazla görüldüğü bulunmuştur (p
Aplicaciones de la caja de Edgeworth: análisis contable de la economía española
Authors: Pérez Benedito Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2023

Presentar visualmente el resultado alcanzado por la economía española a todos aquellos que participan en el desarrollo de un proyecto comun, forma parte de los objetivos perseguidos en esta investigación. La representación de los resutados de la economía española en una caja de Edgeworth requiere la transformación de las variables de las cuentas de transacciones del sistema nacional de cuentas para obtener un equilibrio contable. El ahorro nacional, las variaciones de capital, el ahorro monetario y las transacciones financieras netas forman una identidad contable susceptible de ser representada en una caja de Edgeworth. Cada identidad contable es una posicion de riesgo medida en sentido económico y financiero a través de los respectivos indicadores. Contrastando su evolución con la del empleo, se validan las conclusiones alcanzadas en la invetigación. El manuscrito analiza la actividad de los cuatro sectores institucionales y justifica que cualquier clase de entidad pueda ser evaluda a través de una misma metodología.
Retos de la potestad tributaria en México respecto al impuesto sobre la renta en la economía digital
Authors: Haro Ruiz Miguel Ángel , Rivera Lima Lizette , Cruz Magallanes Armando Gerardo
Published: June 2023

La economía digital ha tenido un profundo impacto en la tributación, pues la deslocalización de los establecimientos y la rapidez de su evolución han propiciado la erosión de las bases y traslado de beneficios de las grandes multinacionales, siendo esta una de las cuestiones más relevantes en la fiscalidad internacional. El presente artículo analiza el proyecto de “erosión de la base imponible y traslado de beneficios” o bien identificadas en inglés como “Base Erosion and Profit Shifting” (BEPS), en consideración a su alcance en la Acción 1 BEPS que concierne a la economía digital en su implementación respecto al Impuesto Sobre la Renta en México de 2020 a 2022. La investigación fue cualitativa, con enfoque descriptivo, para lo cual se utilizó la metodología jurídica a través de los métodos analítico sintético, histórico, comparativo y deductivo, a través de la técnica de investigación documental. Se concluye el establecimiento de un criterio sobre los retos de la potestad tributaria doméstica en el cual los negocios virtuales deben estar sujetos a la tributación de algún tipo y deben pagarlos impuestos en el país en donde se genera valor con el objetivo de tener una tributación justa y razonable
[spa] VALORANDO LA IMPORTANCIA DEL COLEGIO DE LA COMPAÑÍA DE JESÚS DE SEGOVIA EN CLAVE CORTESANA // EVALUATING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SEGOVIA COLLEGE OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS IN COURTLY KEY
Authors: García Oviedo Cristina
Published: June 2023

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[spa] ENTRE FRANCESES Y ESPAÑOLES: EL CARDENALATO DEL PRÍNCIPE JUAN CASIMIRO VASA Y LA DIPLOMACIA HISPANA EN ITALIA (1643-1648) // BETWEEN FRANCE AND SPAIN: CARDINAL PRINCE JOHN CASIMIR VASA AND THE SPANISH DIPLOMACY IN ITALY (1643-1648)
Authors: Conde Pazos Miguel
Published: June 2023

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[spa] SENTIDO DEL DEBER, PATRONAZGO Y LEALTAD DEL CONDE DE GONDOMAR EN LONDRES // DUTY, PATRONAGE AND LOYALTY OF COUNT OF GONDOMAR IN LONDON
Authors: Sanz Camañes Porfirio
Published: June 2023

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[ita] TENSIONI E LEALTÀ MULTIPLE DEL GRANDUCA DI TOSCANA E DEI SUOI EMISSARI ALLA CORTE DI SPAGNA (FINE SECOLO XVI-INIZIO SECOLO XVII) // TENSION AND MULTIPLE LOYALTY OF THE GRAN DUKE OF TUSCANY AND HIS EMISSARIES AT THE SPANISH COURT (END OF 16TH CENTURY
Authors: Volpini Paola
Published: June 2023

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[spa] ENMARCACIÓN Y MUSEOGRAFÍA EN EL MUSEO DEL PRADO EN LAS ÚLTIMAS DÉCADAS DEL SIGLO XIX // FRAMING AND MUSEOGRAPHY AT THE PRADO MUSEUM DURING THE FINAL DECADES OF 19th CENTURY
Authors: Ladrero Caballero Tomás
Published: June 2023

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[SPA] LA HIGIENE EN EL BUENOS AIRES DEL SIGLO XVIII // THE HYGIENE IN BUENOS AIRES OF XVIII CENTURY
Authors: González Fasani Ana Mónica
Published: June 2023

El setecientos fue una etapa de gran efervescencia intelectual en la que se destacó la construcción de una ciencia vinculada con el desarrollo de la burguesía urbana que proclamaba el progreso en todos los aspectos, también en la vida práctica. Entre los actores de cambio encontramos a científicos reputados, a toda una corte de figuras de indudable resonancia política y cultural, a las instituciones que favorecieron los estudios y a la difusión de las ideas que fueron alentadas por los Borbones. Este estudio se centrará en la ciudad de Buenos Aires desde mediados del siglo XVIII y hasta los primeros años de la centuria siguiente y tendrá como objeto el examinar las medidas de higiene tomadas con respecto al manejo de alimentos y otros bienes muebles. Para ello se consultaron los bandos de buen gobierno y las actas del cabildo de la ciudad.----------------The 1700’s were a time of great intellectual effervescence. It stood out the establishing of a science linked to the development of the urban bourgeoisie, which proclaimed progress in all its aspects, including everyday life. Among the actors of change, it was to find renowned scientists, a retinue of prominent figures of the political and cultural sphere, institutions that fostered studies, and the spread of ideas supported by the Bourbons. The present study will consider the city of Buenos Aires from midst of the XVIII century until the beginning of the next century, with the purpose of examining the hygienic measures taken regarding handling of food and other consumable items. To that end, law enforcement edicts and minutes of the town council were consulted.
[EN] CONTINUITY AND IDENTITY AT THE COURT OF FRANCE: PARTIES AROUND QUEEN MARIE DE MEDICI AND QUEEN ANNE OF AUSTRIA // CONTINUIDAD E IDENTIDAD EN LA CORTE DE FRANCIA: PARTIDOS ALREDEDOR DE LA REINA MARIA DE MEDICI Y LA REINA ANA DE AUSTRIA
Authors: Sicard Frédérique
Published: June 2023

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[SPA] ESTAMPAS Y MODELOS: COPIA, PROCESO Y ORIGINALIDAD EN EL ARTE HISPANOAMERICANO Y ESPAÑOL DEL SIGLO XVIII // PRINTS AND MODELS: COPIES, PROCESS AND ORIGINALITY IN SPANISH AMERICAN AND SPANISH ART OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
Authors: Mues Orts Paula
Published: June 2023

En la tradicional historiografía sobre arte novohispano, las influencias artísticassolían interpretarse como un proceso unidireccional, de Europa a la Nueva España,donde se recibían tardía y pasivamente. Este texto cuestiona esta visión y explorados casos principales de circulación de modelos artísticos: la influencia de tiposiconográficos y estilísticos italianos, en particular de Carlo Maratta, Carlo Dolce y IlSassoferrato; y en segundo, la de modelos franceses de Charles Le Brun, tanto delas estampas de las batallas de Alejandro Magno como de su teoría de lasexpresiones del alma. Se aborda la posibilidad de que estos modelos se compartieranen fechas muy próximas en los dos lados del océano, tomado como ejemplo la obrade pintores novohispanos de la capital virreinal, así como la del escultor murcianoFrancisco Salzillo.PALABRAS CLAVE: pintura novohispana, siglo XVIII, influencia italiana, influencia francesa, Francisco Salzillo, circulación de modelos ** The historiography of New Spanish art has traditionally analyzed influence asa one-directional process, from Europe to New Spain, and has worked on theassumption that models arrived late and were received passively. This articlequestions this view through the exploration of two major examples of circulation: in thefirst place, the influence of iconographic and stylistic typologies from Italy, especiallythrough the work of Carlo Maratta, Carlo Dolce, and Il Sassoferrato; and in the secondplace, the French models of Charles Le Brun, both through the series of prints of the Battles of Alexander the Great and his artistic theories of human expressions. The possibility that these sources were used early on both sides of the Atlantic is raised through an analysis of examples of the works of New Spanish painters from the viceregal capital and of the sculptor from Murcia, Francisco Salzillo.KEYWORDS: New Spanish painting, eighteenth century, Italian influence, Frenchinfluence, Francisco Salzillo, circulation
Benchmark for Hyperspectral Unmixing Algorithm Evaluation
Authors: Paura Vytautas , Marcinkevičius Virginijus
Published: June 2023

Over the past decades, many methods have been proposed to solve the linear or nonlinear mixing of spectra inside the hyperspectral data. Due to a relatively low spatial resolution of hyperspectral imaging, each image pixel may contain spectra from multiple materials. In turn, hyperspectral unmixing is finding these materials and their abundances. A few main approaches to performing hyperspectral unmixing have emerged, such as nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), linear mixture modelling (LMM), and, most recently, autoencoder networks. These methods use different approaches in finding the endmember and abundance of information from hyperspectral images. However, due to the huge variation of hyperspectral data being used, it is difficult to determine which methods perform sufficiently on which datasets and if they can generalize on any input data to solve hyperspectral unmixing problems. By trying to mitigate this problem, we propose a hyperspectral unmixing algorithm testing methodology and create a standard benchmark to test already available and newly created algorithms. A few different experiments were created, and a variety of hyperspectral datasets in this benchmark were used to compare openly available algorithms and to determine the best-performing ones.
РОЗВИТОК ЕЛЕКТРОННОЇ КОМЕРЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО ТА ПІСЛЯВОЄННОГО ПЕРІОДІВ
Authors: Ільчук M. , Кириченко А. , Водніцький М.
Published: June 2023

Вступ. В умовах воєнного періоду, коли дистанційна робота набуває ще більшої актуальності, надзвичайно важливим завданням є розширення та підвищення ефективності вітчизняної електронної комерції.Проблематика. Українська електронна комерція як інноваційний вид підприємницької діяльності вимагає комплексного підходу щодо підвищення її ефективності, особливо в умовах надзвичайного стану.Мета. Дослідити тренди української електронної комерції та створити дескриптивну модель її розширення й підвищення ефективності у ситуації невизначеності, спричиненої військовим станом.Матеріали й методи. Інформаційною базою дослідження стали статистичні дані Statista, UNCTAD, Promodo. Використано методи теоретичного узагальнення інформації, прогнозування на основі тренду, порівняльного аналізу, економіко-статистичного аналізу, побудова дескриптивної моделі.Результати. Досліджено динаміку розвитку світової та української електронної комерції в період до пандеміїCOVID-19, при коронакризі та під час російської агресії. Підкреслено, що загрози для розвитку під час обох несприятливих станів в Україні є схожими: зниження ділової активності, зростання безробіття, спад доходів, загроза життю. Визначено, що найточніший прогноз з вірогідністю 97,69% демонструє поліноміальна функція. Запропоновано основні напрями розширення та підвищення ефективності української електронної комерції, які об’єднано в три групи та спрямовано на зміцнення позицій України на міжнародному ринку електронної комерції, ефективне функціонування українських підприємств та захищеність споживачів товарів та послуг у сфері української електронної комерції.Висновки. Запропонована дескриптивна модель перспектив розширення та підвищення ефективності української електронної комерції дозволяє комплексно оцінити тренди досліджуваного явища у ситуації підвищених ризиків.
ІННОВАТИВНА ЕМПІРИКА КАУЗАЛЬНОСТІ «МІГРАЦІЯ — ЕКОНОМІЧНА БЕЗПЕКА»
Authors: Мульска О. , Васильців Т. , Куницька-Іляш М. , Бараняк І.
Published: June 2023

Вступ. В умовах поширення динамічних глобалізаційних процесів міграція як природний феномен і екзистенційна ознака розвитку України набула критичних обсягів, що негативно позначається на ресурсному забезпеченні економічного зростання країни.Проблематика. Міграція (інтелектуальна, освітня, трудова, стаціонарна) поглиблює соціально-демографічні проблеми (депопуляція поселень, зменшення трудового потенціалу, декапіталізація детермінант людського розвитку, зникнення середнього класу), є загрозою послаблення економічної безпеки через втрату інтелектуально-кадрових, фінансово-інвестиційних, інноваційно-технологічних ресурсів.Мета. Визначення зв’язку різних видів міграції та економічної безпеки країни, виявлення критичних рівнів і моделювання впливу міграційних процесів на економічну безпеку України.Матеріали й методи. Критичні обсяги міграційних процесів (внутрішніх, міжнародних, трудових і освітніх), їх характер їхнього впливу на параметри економічної безпеки України розраховано на основі нелінійних економетричних моделей із застосуванням темпорально-просторового підходу.Результати. Визначено критичні обсяги міграції (50 тис. осіб — освітня еміграція, 120—150 і 218—235 переміщеньу розрахунку на 100 тис. населення — внутрішня міграція, 0,501—0,575 — зовнішня міграція), що негативно впливають на всі параметри економічної безпеки країни. Встановлено, що в Україні поточні обсяги міграції перевищують критичні, а це свідчить про низький рівень керованості міграційних процесів і недовикористання потенціалу міграції для розвитку економіки та її безпеки.Висновки. Структурні зміни міграційних процесів негативно позначаються на стійкості економічної системи, сприяють появі нових і поширенню існуючих загроз безпеці національної економіки.
Export Potential of Fruit Products in Agricultural Business
Authors: NOVIKOVA V. , ZVIAHINTSEVA K.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The present-day market of fruit products in Ukraine and in the European Union has been growing now and has a great potential. In this context, the problem of planting and preserving fresh fruit products in Ukraine is relevant, as the demand for them increases every year both in our country and abroad.Problem Statement. Fast freezing, controlled atmosphere and special containers as well as pre-treatment of fruits with chemicals are the priority technologies for the storage of fruit products. These methods extend the shelf life, however they require high financial costs, are harmful to human health and do not address the problem of biological decay.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to assess the agro-industrial potential of Ukraine and to determine the social and economic effect of production of high-quality plums and apricots with extended shelf life due to processing them with film-forming compositions of medicinal plant materials.Material and Methods. The methods of critical and economic analysis have been used to achieve the purpose of this research. The economic effect from the application of the developed method of fruit processing has been analyzed by the efficiency estimate algorithm.Results. The current state of fruit exports has been analyzed. The world trade has benn determined to steadily grow over the last decade. Processing of medicinal and plant raw materials of plum and apricot fruits with filmforming compositions is safe and complies with the rules of European Environmental Safety Directives. The results of calculations have confirmed the improvement of fruit quality and extension of their shelf life.Conclusions. The economic effect is: an increase in the sales by 3,432 thousand tons leads to augmented consumption of these fruit products by 0.20 kg per person annually. The social effect is the availability of highquality environment friendly products at estimated prices and the increase in their consumption.
The role of public authorities of the Republic of Moldova in supporting transnational families and children left behind by labor migration
Authors:   Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova 61, Bănulescu Bodoni Str., Chisinau, MD-2005, Republic of Moldova, Vaculovschi D.
Published: June 2023

Labour migration from the Republic of Moldova, which registers a new intensification after the COVID-19 pandemic, increased the number of transnational families and children left behind. During the last 20 years, international labour migration from the Republic of Moldova has reached an impressive level. Thus, in 2017, according to the Labor Force Survey, the number of persons who went abroad searching for a job was about 319 thousand or about 18% of the inactive population aged 15 and over. Men constituted 66,4%, while women – 33,6% of the total number of migrants. The share of people who left rural areas was 70,5%. Unofficial sources estimate the extent of labour migration from the Republic of Moldova at 1 million people. The problems of transnational families and children left behind due to labour migration have already been studied in the Republic of Moldova. Several field studies have been dedicated to this issue, and public authorities have developed policies and intervention tools to manage this problem as efficiently as possible. Current research on the left behind children’s conditions becomes increasingly important in the situation where transnational families and children left behind to take on new forms of manifestation and generate new social risks. This research aims to study the needs of transnational families and children left behind after migration and to improve the legislative and institutional framework in correlation with similar legal practices and norms of the European Union. The research aims to reveal the potential positive or negative impact of policies on the protection of children in the Republic of Moldova and inform transnational families and representatives of public authorities about the realities and practical aspects of labour migration. This article reflects the opinions of representatives of public, central, and local authorities participating in the CASTLE research project (mayors, social workers, specialists of government institutions, etc.) on the situation in the Republic of Moldova regarding transnational families and children left behind. The article comes with a series of conclusions and recommendations regarding minimising the negative effects of labour migration, such as the development of social services necessary to prevent these effects.
Children’s opinion about the migration of their parents (the case of the Republic of Moldova)
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cheianu-Andrei D.
Published: June 2023

To develop effective social policies and social services for children left behind by migration in the communities, it is necessary to know the specific needs of children affected by migration and deprived of their family members’ care. The article offers the opinion of children left behind from the Republic of Moldova about their parents’ migration and, indirectly, how international migration influences modern families. Also, the article presents the impact of parents’ migration on children and children’s opinions on how to mitigate negative consequences. To do this, the author used the primary data collected from children left behind migration in the European Union project CASTLE (Children left behind as a result of labour migration: supporting Moldovan and Ukrainian transnational families in the European Union), coordinated by the Babeș-Bolyai University and the Terre des hommes Romania Foundation in collaboration with Terre des hommes Moldova and the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova. The data were collected through individual in-depth interviews (4 interviews conducted by child researchers and two by adult researchers) and focus group discussions (2 discussions moderated by adult researchers). The research results highlight children’s perception of migration, including their attitude towards parents’ migration, the communication with their absent parents, the psychosocial effects, and the migration impact on children’s physical and mental health, suggestions of children left behind by migration to peers in a similar situation, including authorities of the Republic of Moldova. The research reveals that peers and sometimes teachers do not understand children left behind. A support network for these children is less developed, proving the necessity to undertake new measures within the educational institution to reduce the negative impact.
Spouses of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants: coping strategies and social capital resource
Authors:   Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine” 23, Lvivska Str., Kyiv, 03115, Ukraine, Bataeva Е. V. , Artemenko A. B. ,   Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine” 23, Lvivska Str., Kyiv, 03115, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

The article considers the coping strategies used by the wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants during their husbands’ deployment, combined with various forms of social capital. We used the research methodology of coping strategies by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman and the theory of social capital by P. Bourdieu, R. Putnam, and D. Coleman. The empirical part of the article is based on the study’s results, which was conducted from January to February 2023 by the method of in-depth semi-structured interviews with ten wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants. Most of the wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants emphasized the importance of social support from family members (especially children) and friends, which correlates with the bonding social capital. All study participants reported a lack of institutionalized social support from any organizations that correlates with the linking of social capital. Volunteering is one of the most important coping strategies that helps the wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants cope with anxiety. The following coping strategies are important for the research participants: “communication with the husband”; “acceptance of the problem” and positive reframing of the husband’s deployment; “learning about a problem”; “keeping busy”; “staying strong”; “venting”; “daydreaming”; “managing personal needs”. The wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants rarely use the strategy of “religiosity” and “self-blame”.
International experience of post-war reconstruction of the housing fund and solving the housing problems of IDPs
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Gorin N. O.
Published: June 2023

The article analyses the international experience of solving the housing problems of forcibly displaced persons during the post-war recovery of the economy and socio-humanitarian space. The author characterises the role of the state in developing strategies, determining priorities, consolidating efforts, and institutionally ensuring the process of restoring living space, rebuilding housing and social infrastructure, as well as ensuring control over the use of funds, residential premises, and structures, the use of technologies and standards of construction and reconstruction. National priorities have been determined in the organisation of measures to provide housing for victims of hostilities and forced migrants, prioritisation of reconstruction, and new construction tasks. The necessity of accumulation and optimal use of internal resources, as well as the expediency of attracting foreign investments and the use of external financial assistance for the reconstruction of living space, industrial and social infrastructure with observance of systematicity and compliance with the trends of structural, technological and social development, are argued. The paper clarifies the mechanisms of interaction between the government and private investors, stimulation of entrepreneurial activity, encouragement and support of citizens in their actions regarding the independent restoration of housing, and arrangement of adjacent territories. It was found that the excessive bureaucratisation of assessing the damage caused and drawing up an application for assistance significantly slowed down the process of restoring damaged housing, which caused additional budget costs for providing IDPs with temporary housing. Ignoring the historical and cultural differences of the inhabitants of different territories and the accumulation of socially vulnerable and marginal elements led to an increase in social tension at the local level, and people affected by the war formed a permanent dependence on state aid. The need to consider positive and negative foreign experiences in the state management of the post-war reconstruction of the country’s housing stock is substantiated.
Digest of U-Report surveys: 1st quarter of 2023 (mental health, use of plastic, and mine safety)
Authors:   NGO “YouthUp” 29/6, Shota Rustaveli Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine, Demchuk V. S.
Published: June 2023

The results of surveys of the innovative youth project U-Report for February are presented – March 2023: mental health, use of plastic, and mine safety.
Covariation in Shapes Between the Sternum and Pelvis in Aquatic Birds with Different Locomotor Modes
Authors: Shatkovska O. V. , Ghazali M.
Published: June 2023

Birds associated with aquatic environments have diverse locomotor and foraging strategies. We hypothesize that aquatic birds have different covariation patterns in the shapes of the sternum and pelvis depending on the locomotor mode and the predominant use of wings or hind limbs when moving through the water. The study was conducted on 26 bird species, among which we identified three ecological categories: surface swimmers, wing- and foot-propelled divers. The last two categories included only species that dive from the water surface. Geometric morphometric methods were applied to analyze shapes, and covariance was investigated with two-block PLS analysis. We show that wing- and foot-propelled divers have different patterns of covariation between sternum and pelvis shapes. A narrower, elongated and flattened sternum correlates with a shortened postacetabular region of a pelvis in wing-propelled divers. A widened and shortened sternum with a deep keel correlates with an elongated post-acetabular region of a pelvis in foot-propelled divers. Surface swimmers have a wide variety of combinations of sternum and pelvis shapes, which is apparently explained by their lower specialization for specific aquatic locomotion, and by the influence of diverse ecological factors.
New Records of Poemeniinae and Xoridinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from Ukraine and Poland, with Corrections to the Ukrainian Checklist
Authors: Varga O. , Kostro-Ambroziak A.
Published: June 2023

New distribution data and taxonomic changes to the checklists of two Darwin wasp subfamilies, Poemeniinae and Xoridinae, in Poland and Ukraine are provided. Two poemeniine species, Neoxorides montanus Oehlke, 1966 and N. striatus Johansson, 2020, are added on the Ukrainian list. Another species, Neoxorides opacus (Kokujev, 1903), with its first authenticated host record, Xylotrechus rusticus (Linnaeus, 1758), is a new species record for Poland and Ukraine. Two species of the Xoridinae, Odontocolon styx Johansson, 2020 and Xorides stepposus Kasparyan, 1981, are the first records for Poland and two species, X. depressus (Holmgren, 1860) and X. sordator (Thunberg, 1824), for Ukraine. In addition, Xorides rusticus (Desvignes, 1856) should be excluded and two species, X. fuligator (Thunberg, 1822) and X. sapporensis (Uchida, 1928), should be added on the Ukrainian checklist instead of the recently synonymised X. niger (Pfeffer, 1913) and X. hedwigi Clement, 1938, respectively. The possible synonymy of Xorides annulator (Fabricius, 1804), X. propinquus (Tschek, 1869) and X. corcyrensis (Kriechbaumer, 1894) is discussed.
HPV16/18 Antibody Responses After a Single Dose of Nonavalent HPV Vaccine
Authors: Zeng Yi , Moscicki Anna-Barbara , Woo Heide , Hsu Chiu-Hsieh , Kemp Troy J. , Pinto Ligia A. , Szabo Eva , Dimond Eileen , Bauman Julie , Sahasrabuddhe Vikrant V. , Chow H-H Sherry
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES

A single dose of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine would simplify logistics and reduce costs of vaccination programs worldwide. We conducted a phase IIa trial to determine the stability of HPV type-specific antibody responses after a single dose of the nonavalent HPV vaccine, Gardasil9.

METHODS

Two hundred-and-one healthy 9 to 11-year-old girls and boys were enrolled at 2 centers in the United States to receive a prime dose of the nonavalent vaccine at baseline, a delayed dose at month 24, and an optional third dose at month 30. Blood samples were collected to measure HPV type-specific antibodies at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after the prime dose. The primary outcomes were serum HPV16 and HPV18 antibody responses.

RESULTS

In both girls and boys, geometric mean concentrations of HPV16 and HPV18 antibodies increased at 6 months, declined between months 6 to 12, and then remained stable and high (at 20- and 10-times those at baseline for HPV16 and HPV18, respectively) throughout months 12, 18, and 24 (prebooster) visits. Both HPV16 and HPV18 antibody responses demonstrated anamnestic boosting effect at 30-months after the delayed (24-month) booster dose.

CONCLUSIONS

A single dose of the nonavalent HPV vaccine induced persistent and stable HPV16 and HPV18 antibody responses up to 24 months. This study contributes important immunogenicity data to inform feasibility of the single dose HPV vaccination paradigm. Further research is needed to assess the long-term antibody stability and individual clinical and public health benefit of the single dose schedule.
Comparative Analysis of Professional-Value Attitudes of the Youth in Russia and Kazakhstan in Education
Authors: Shnarbekova Meruert K. , Vasileva Elena I. , Zerchaninova Tatiana E. , Nikitina Alena S.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. In the modern world, there is a global transition to a new value paradigm of education, upbringing, and professional self-determination. Therefore, the study of educational and professional attitudes of young people gains prominence. The aim of the research is to identify the factors influencing the formation of a system of value trajectories and attitudes of young people in Russia and Kazakhstan and to predict social scenarios for their development.
Materials and Methods. To study the educational and professional value trajectories and attitudes of young people in Russia and Kazakhstan, the authors conducted an international empirical sociological study in 2021. The data collection method is a survey of young people aged 14–35 years living in Russia and Kazakhstan.
Results. The analysis revealed a high level of socio-cultural, value potential of young people in Russia and Kazakhstan in the educational space. Young people from both countries point out the importance of higher education in personal and professional career growth and self-realization. The professional attitudes and desired professional orientations of the Russian and Kazakh youth are heterogeneous. The main factors in choosing a profession are the interest of the profession, it`s financially rewarding, and prestige of the educational institution. Risk factors include low demand for the profession in the labor market, lack of personal interest in the profession, and low income. As a possible scenario have been identified the demand for IT competencies in the Russian and Kazakhstan labor markets, the transformation of value-professional attitudes towards greater freedom and creativity, socio-professional mobility and flexibility of young people.
Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained data and recommendations can be used by educational organizations, authorities implementing state policy in the field of education to improve the work on the formation and development of value trajectories and attitudes of young people in Russia and Kazakhstan in the educational space and in the field of professional self-determination.
LEHNER, ULRICH L., Innovation in Early Modern Catholicism, Routledge, London – New York, 2021, 201 pp.
Authors: Ramis-Barceló Rafael
Published: June 2023

Book Review
Retablos escogidos de Teodoro Ramírez Peña: comentario de hechos históricos. Reflexiones
Authors:   Departamento de Estudios Latinoamericanos y Comparados Universidad de Lodz, Hebisz Maria Eleonora
Published: June 2023

This article is dedicated to the work of Peruvian artist Teodoro Ramírez Peña. A native of Ayacucho, he now lives in Huaycán, a town about 15 kilometers east of Lima, and at the Academy of Fine Arts there he teaches practical classes with students devoted to creating retablos ayacuchanos. Before the war, the artist worked in a traditional family workshop, and the subject matter of his retablos was not unlike other similar artworks. However, the experience of war was so strong for him that the themes of armed conflict and the visualization of violence begin to dominate his works. Peru’s civil war ended in 2000, but its effects are still visible in society today, and this has not escaped the artist’s attention. Through his works, he not only commented on the events of the war, but also addressed current social problems that are a consequence of the now historic armed actions.
Uprawnienia obrońcy w procesie karnym – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Wierzbicka Katarzyna
Published: June 2023

The right of defence is one of the fundamental human rights. In criminal proceedings, its implementation may translate into defendant’s right of undertaking his defence on his own, as well as of having recourse to a professional defender. In this regard, the defender (an attorney or a legal counsel) has been given a certain set of entitlements which, on one hand, can aid in performing his own duties and, on the other hand, provides a legal framework for the execution of these duties. The way in which the defender’s activities are conducted depends on the will and the contribution of the defendant himself. At the meeting point of the defender-defendant relationship there may appear certain occurrences, and some of them prohibited by penal legislation, which imply a number of issues and thus need to be clarified. Those issues include, inter alia, the scope of the right of defence as well as defender’s competences, the lawfulness of the activities being undertaken, the question of the scope and framework of defender’s legal privilege with regard to his knowledge on the crime.
Tempus et locus otwarcia testamentu w prawie rzymskim
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny w Warszawie, Kursa Sławomir
Published: June 2023

Like all official activities, also the opening of a will was carried out in the time and place provided by law. They were the resultant of various factors, such as the place and circumstances of the death of the testator, the time of funeral, as well as the accessibility of the will itself, witnesses to its preparation and physical presence of the official for whom the procedure of opening the will had to be carried out. In each case, there were widely available places, because the opening of a will was public. This article considers the regulations regarding the time of legal opening of a will, in particular the precedence of the funeral of the deceased testator. Next explains the factors determining the place of the opening of the will, among others, the territorial competence of state officials in this respect, the availability of the witnesses of the will and the place of its storage.