bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reseña de la obra: CORPAS PASTOR, G. y SEGHIRI DOMÍNGUEZ, M. (eds.) (2016). Corpus-based Approaches to Translation and Interpreting: From Theory to Applications. (Studien zur romanischen Sprachwissenschaft und interkulturellen Kommunikation, 106). Frankfurt: Peter Lang. ISBN 9783631609569 / E-ISBN 9783653060553. DOI 10.3726/9783653060553.
Authors: Hidalgo Ternero Carlos Manuel
Published: December 2018

Reseña de la obra: CORPAS PASTOR, G. y SEGHIRI DOMÍNGUEZ, M. (eds.) (2016). Corpus-based Approaches to Translation and Interpreting: From Theory to Applications. (Studien zur romanischen Sprachwissenschaft und interkulturellen Kommunikation, 106). Frankfurt: Peter Lang. ISBN 9783631609569 / E-ISBN 9783653060553. DOI 10.3726/9783653060553.
Application of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technique to Estimate Genetic Distance among Some Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Different Iraqi Hospitals
Authors: Mohammed H Alyaa , Ali Maysaa Adil , Alnasari Mohammed Saad , Al-Hadban Wedean
Published: December 2018

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the principal nosocomial causative agents. This bacterium has the capability to resist wide range of antibiotics and it is responsible for many diseases like skin, nose and wounds infection. In this study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR was applied with ten random primers to examine the molecular diversity among methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in the hospitals and to investigate the genetic distance between them. 90 Isolates were collected from clinical specimens from Iraqi hospitals for a total of 90 isolates. Only 10 strains (11.11%) were found to be MRSA. From these 10 primers, only 9 gave clear amplification products. 91 fragment lines were generated from these primers across all isolates with an average of 10 fragment lines per primer. Of these, 90 (99%) were polymorphic. The size of the amplified bands ranged between 145-2109 bp. The polymorphism percentage for all primers was 100% except OP-X17 primer which gave 86% polymorphism. The genetic distances revealed from Jaccard similarity index was calculated for the 90 RAPD polymorphic fragment lines. The highest genetic distance value 0.959 was between isolate number (1) and (5) and between isolate number (3) and (10), while the lowest genetic distance value 0.218 was between isolate number (6) and (7). This study shows that RAPD-PCR technique assayed with nine primers can be successfully applied to reveal the genetic distances among methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from different hospitals.
Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Clinical Samples Using PCR Targeting ETA and gyrB Genes
Authors: Hassan Khulod Ibraheem , Abdullah Saman Rafeeq
Published: December 2018

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has variety of virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity. Therefore, rapid detection with high accuracy and specificity is very important in the control of this pathogenic bacterium. To evaluate the accuracy and specificity of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay, ETA and gyrB genes were targeted to detect pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa. Seventy swab samples were taken from patients with infected wounds and burns in two hospitals in Erbil and Koya cities in Iraq. The isolates were traditionally identified using phenotypic methods, and DNA was extracted from the positive samples, to apply PCR using the species specific primers targeting ETA, the gene encoding for exotoxin A, and gyrB gene. The results of this study indicate that 100% of P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the gyrB gene, whereas 74% of these isolates harbored ETA gene. However, the specificity of PCR for detection of P. aeruginosa based on the both genes was 100%, since no amplified product obtained using DNA extracted from other bacterial species. Hence by considering the importance of rapid detection of this bacterium due to the presence of problems in biochemical methods, PCR targeting multiple virulence genes is suggested in identification of pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from some infections which should speed diagnosis of an antimicrobial therapy.
Anticorrosion Behavior of Deposited Magnetite on Galvanized Steel in Saline Water Using RF-Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Kadhim Nafeesa J. , Farhan Ahlam M. , Jaafer Harith I.
Published: December 2018

Thin films of Magnetite have been deposited on Galvanized Steel (G-S) alloy using RF-reactive magnetron sputtering technique and protection efficiency of the corrosion of G-S. A Three-Electrodes Cell was used in saline water (3.5 % NaCl) solution at different temperatures (298, 308, 318 & 328K) using potentiostatic techniques with. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and fitting impedance data via Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) were applied to G-S alloy with Fe3O4 and tested in 3.5 % NaCl solution at 298K.Results taken from Nyquist and Bode plots were analyzed using software provided with the instrument. The results obtained show that the rate of corrosion of G.S alloy increased with increasing the temperatures from 298 to 323K; and showed that deposition of Fe3O4 caused protection efficiency to reach 79.76% for G-S in 318K. In addition the enthalpy & entropy of activation were evaluated. Apparent energies of activation have been calculated for the corrosion process of uncoated and coated G.S alloy by sputtering technique in saline water (3.5 % NaCl). The morphological analysis was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique.
Comparison of vocal cord view between neutral and sniffing position during orotracheal intubation using fiberoptic bronchoscope: A prospective, randomized cross over study
Authors: Park Sanghee , Lee Hyung Gon , Choi Jeong Il , Lee Seongheon , Jang Eun-A , Bae Hong-Beom , Rhee Jeeyun , Yang Hyung Chae , Jeong Seongtae
Published: December 2018

Background: In intubation using fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB), partial or complete obstruction of upper airway makes the FOB insertion difficult. Thus, maneuvers to relieve such obstructions are recommended. There have been no studies to determine whether the sniffing or neutral position is superior for this purpose. Therefore, this study was performed to examine the effects of these two positions including vocal cord view.
Methods: Fifty-four patients scheduled to receive general anesthesia by orotracheal intubation were eligible for inclusion in the study with informed consent. After confirmation of proper head positioning depending on the group, the view of the vocal cord was acquired in each position. Images were reviewed using the percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score.
Results: A total of 106 images of vocal cords from 53 patients were obtained. The mean of difference of POGO score was 11.09, higher for the neutral position and standard deviation was 23.73 (p = 0.002). Neutral position increased POGO score in 31 patients and decreased POGO score in 13 patients compare to sniffing position (p = 0.017). There were no significant differences between the two head positions with regard to intubation time or degree of convenience during intubation.
Conclusions: Neutral position improved the view of glottic opening than sniffing position during oral fiberoptic intubation. However, there was no difference in the difficulty of tube insertion between the two positions.
Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT02931019, registered on October 12, 2016
Evaluation of Anterior Segment Parameters of First-Time Acute Primary Angle Closure Eye and the Fellow Eye: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Di , Zhang Shunhua , Bian Ailing , Zhang Yang , Zhao Jialiang
Published: December 2018

Background: To evaluate the anterior segment parameters of first-time acute primary angle closure(APAC) eye and the fellow eye (primary angle closure suspect, PACS) with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and analyze the possible factors associated with the attack of APAC.
Methods: Thirty patients with first-time unilateral APAC (APAC 30eyes, PACS 30eyes) were collected from August 2013 to August 2014 in the ophthalmology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Central cornea thickness (CCT), pupil diameter (PD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens vault (LV), anterior chamber width (ACW), angle open distance at 500μmand 750μm from the sclera spur (AOD500, AOD750), trabecular iris area at 500μmand 750μm from the sclera spur(TISA500, TISA750), sclera spur angle (SSA) of both eyes were measured by AS-OCT. Paired t-test was applied to find the differences and conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to ﬁnd the associatedfactors with the prediction of APAC.
Results: Compared with the fellow PACS eyes, first-time APAC eyes showed significantlarger CCT (522.7±31.3vs557.3±42.7mm,P=0.000), PD (2.90±1.19vs3.78±1.29mm, P=0.000) and LV (1.08±0.36vs1.24±0.42mm, P=0.006),smaller ACD (1.81±0.45vs1.64±0.44mm,P=0.001), AOD500 (0.097±0.065vs0.059±0.039,P=0.004), AOD750 (0.157±0.10vs0.120±0.068mm,P=0.017), TISA500 (0.036±0.021vs0.020±0.016mm2, P=0.001), TISA750 (0.065and 0.041mm2, P=0.018) and SSA (11.13±6.92and 6.68±4.43°, P=0.001). The results of conditional logistic regression analysisshowed greater LV(OR=40.259[1.021,1779.193],P=0.014) hadthe strongest correlation with the attack of APAC.
Conclusions: Greater LV is the most significant factor associated withfirst-time APACcompared with the fellow PACS eye and may play a critical role in the progression of PACS to APAC.
Impact of simulation-based anesthesiology training using an anesthetized porcine model for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block
Authors: Park Sang Jun , Kim Hyun Joo , Yang Hun-Mu , Yoon Kyung Bong , Lee Ki-Young , Ha Taehoon , Jang Hun , Kim Shin Hyung
Published: December 2018

Background: Anesthetized pigs may be useful for training with regional anesthesia techniques. This model animal was used to assess the impact of simulation-based training for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block.
Methods: In this prospective study, 23 participating residents (10 in their second year, 13 in their third year) underwent simulation-based training for ultrasound-guided TAP block. The residents completed standard questionnaires comprising ten multiple-choice questions regarding essential general knowledge of abdominal ultrasound and TAP block before and after the training session. On a five-point Likert scale, they reported their levels of comfort with the use of ultrasound and block equipment, subject/operator positioning, proper block technique, image documentation, needle handling, and anxiety, as well as their overall confidence with the procedure.
Results: Compared with those before training, the comfort levels of the residents significantly improved for all measures, except needle handling (all P < 0.05). The participants also indicated significantly reduced anxiety for performing the TAP block technique (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The use of anesthetized pigs in simulation-based training for the ultrasound-guided TAP block procedure improves the procedural knowledge and confidence while reducing the associated anxiety in anesthesiology trainees.
Keywords: Porcine; simulation-based training; transversus abdominis plane block
Multivariate Bayesian Analysis of On‐Farm Trials with Multiple‐Trait and Multiple‐Environment Data
Authors: Montesinos‐López Osval A. , Montesinos‐López Abelardo , Hernández Mateo Vargas , Ortiz‐Monasterio Iván , Pérez‐Rodríguez Paulino , Burgueño Juan , Crossa José
Published: December 2018

Multivariate analysis is preferred over univariate analysis in plant breeding studies because it can exploit correlated traits and environments, whereas Bayesian analysis provides a natural way to incorporate prior knowledge and inferences that are conditional on the observed data. The objective of this paper is to show how to use multivariate Bayesian analysis for estimating random effects of genotype × environment and genotype × environment × trait combinations, and for computing genotypic and phenotypic correlations among traits and environments. Data were collected from on‐farm trials conducted by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) to evaluate bread and durum wheat lines in the Yaqui Valley of southern Sonora, México, during three crop seasons (2012, 2013, and 2015). The Bayesian multi‐trait and multi‐environment model with Gibbs sampler provides an analytic solution that can be used as an alternative for analyzing on‐farm multiple‐trait and multiple‐environment data because it allows making parsimonious, precise and simultaneous estimations of random effects, genetic correlations (of traits and environments) and residual correlations of traits. The multivariate Bayesian model successfully fitted three of the four data sets (2012, 2015, and combined cropping seasons), but did not fit well the data of crop season 2013. For three out of five traits under study in this crop season, the correlations between the observed and predicted phenotypic values were lower than 0.6, suggesting that the predicted values were not very close to the observed values.

Core Ideas

In agronomy and plant breeding multi‐traits multi‐environment trails are important but complex to dissect.

Bayesian estimation is useful for modelling multi‐trait and multi‐environment simultaneously.

Correlations between traits and environments offer an opportunity to increase prediction power.
Catchment‐scale Phosphorus Export through Surface and Drainage Pathways
Authors: Brendel Conrad E. , Soupir Michelle L. , Long Leigh Ann M. , Helmers Matthew J. , Ikenberry Charles D. , Kaleita Amy L.
Published: December 2018

The site‐specific nature of P fate and transport in drained areas exemplifies the need for additional data to guide implementation of conservation practices at the catchment scale. Total P (TP), dissolved reactive P (DRP), and total suspended solids (TSS) were monitored at five sites—two streams, two tile outlets, and a grassed waterway—in three agricultural subwatersheds (221.2–822.5 ha) draining to Black Hawk Lake in western Iowa. Median TP concentrations ranged from 0.034 to 1.490 and 0.008 to 0.055 mg P L−1 for event and baseflow samples, respectively. The majority of P and TSS export occurred during precipitation events and high‐flow conditions with greater than 75% of DRP, 66% of TP, and 59% of TSS export occurring during the top 25% of flows from all sites. In one subwatershed, a single event (annual recurrence interval < 1 yr) was responsible for 46.6, 84.0, and 81.0% of the annual export of TP, DRP, and TSS, respectively, indicating that frequent, small storms have the potential to result in extreme losses. Isolated monitoring of surface and drainage transport pathways indicated significant P and TSS losses occurring through drainage; over the 2‐yr study period, the drainage pathway was responsible for 69.8, 59.2, and 82.6% of the cumulative TP, DRP, and TSS export, respectively. Finally, the results provided evidence that particulate P losses in drainage were greater than dissolved P losses. Understanding relationships between flow, precipitation, transport pathway, and P fraction at the catchment scale is needed for effective conservation practice implementation.

Core Ideas

Single events accounted for the vast majority of annual P and total suspended solids export.

Frequent, low‐depth events resulted in extreme P and total suspended solids losses.

Particulate P losses in drainage waters can exceed dissolved P losses.
X‐Ray Spectroscopic Quantification of Struvite and Dittmarite Recovered from Wastewater
Authors: Massey Michael S.
Published: December 2018

Phosphorus recovery from wastewater as struvite (MgNH4PO4⋅6H2O) or dittmarite (MgNH4PO4⋅H2O) can decrease water pollution risk, as well as produce a P‐rich material suitable as fertilizer. However, most studies to date have focused on the removal of P from wastewater, rather than on characterization of the recovered P materials. The objective of this work was to apply microfocused X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, and both bulk and microfused X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, to provide insight into the speciation of recovered P in various struvite‐containing and struvite‐like materials. Three materials were investigated: homogeneous crystalline struvite on apatite seed, homogeneous dittmarite, and heterogeneous struvite with sand contamination (referred to as the “sandy” material). The struvite materials were recovered from dairy wastewater, whereas the dittmarite was from a cheese processing plant. Phosphorus speciation in the crystalline struvite on apatite seed material was ∼17% apatite and 83% struvite; in the “sandy” material, P was ∼24% apatite and ∼76% struvite, with an uncertainty of approximately ±15%. The P K‐edge XANES spectra of recovered dittmarite appeared pure. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of recovered P materials and underscore the importance of P speciation to understand P release behavior and bioavailability from recovered phosphates.

Core Ideas

Multiple methods should be used to corroborate spectroscopic estimates of P speciation.

Dittmarite P K‐edge XANES spectra are distinct from spectra of chemically similar struvite.

Phosphorus K‐edge XANES spectroscopy can quantify Mg‐associated P >15 atom% P.
Moral dimensions of resilience in integrated urban systems: surprised by the expected
Authors: Brown Paul R. , Trussell R. Shane
Published: December 2018

This paper is a qualitative inquiry into ethical questions raised by (1) the limitations of traditional probability-based decision tools given hydrological non-stationarity and the consequent unpredictable frequency and severity of extreme events and (2) the potential for management and operational failures during extreme events as a result of increasingly complex, integrated, and interdependent infrastructure systems-of-systems. It discusses the limitations of traditional engineering reliability analysis in an increasingly unstable environment, with case study examples, and concludes with a discussion of its application to implementation measures designed to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Fecal coliform concentrations in effluent from ultraviolet disinfection units installed in onsite wastewater treatment systems
Authors: Jackson Meagan R. , Meschke John Scott , Simmons Jeremy , Isaksen Tania Busch
Published: December 2018

Ultraviolet disinfection (UVD) units enhance onsite sewage systems (OSSs) in areas where conventional treatment is limited by site characteristics. Although UVD units are efficacious under testing conditions, few studies have considered their effectiveness when installed. This study used a mixed-methods approach to examine UVD unit effluent quality and determine the association between UV bulb status and fecal coliform levels. Samples from UVD units and pump chambers were tested for bacterial and physiochemical parameters. Field data were supplemented with data from retrospective compliance samples. A multivariate Tobit regression model predicted that the geometric mean (GM) fecal coliform concentration was 122% higher when the UV bulb was deficient than when it was not deficient, adjusted for other OSS deficiencies (95% CI: 36–428, p-value <0.001). The predicted GM fecal coliform concentration in malfunctioning UVD unit effluent (745 CFU/100 mL) exceeded field compliance standards (400 CFU/100 mL), and the odds of exceedance were 7.48 times higher when the UV bulb was deficient, adjusted for other OSS deficiencies (95% CI: 4.03–13.9, p-value <0.001). Despite limitations in the characterization of UV dose, the results validate the importance of UVD units to reduce bacterial loads and the need for further research into their field effectiveness.
Protealysin is not Secreted Constitutively
Authors: Chukhontseva Ksenia N. , Salnikov Vadim V. , Morenkov Oleg S. , Kostrov Sergey V. , Demidyuk Ilya V.
Published: December 2018

Background:

Protealysin, a zinc metalloprotease of Serratia proteamaculans, is the prototype of a new group within the peptidase family M4. Protealysin-like proteases (PLPs) are widely spread in bacteria but are also found in fungi and archaea. The biological functions of PLPs have not been well studied, but published data showed the involvement of enzymes of this group in the interaction of bacteria with higher organisms, and most likely in the pathogenesis. Such functionality requires the release of the proteases from bacterial cells; however, the data on the cellular localization of PLPs are contradictory and no direct data of this kind have been published.  Objective: Here, the protealysin cellular localization was studied for the first time using immunochemical methods.  Methods and Results: We have produced polyclonal rabbit antibodies against the protealysin precursor. The enzyme was evaluated in cells and medium of periodic culture of S. proteamaculans 94 using Western blotting as well as the enzyme localization was analysed by immunoelectron microscopy. It was shown that more than 99% of the enzyme is in a cell-associated form. Protealysin is accumulated in cells as an inactive precursor. It matures only after the release from cells (after their lysis). Immunoelectron microscopy analysis of bacterial cells has revealed no specific localization of protealysin; it was evenly distributed in the cytoplasm.

Conclusion:

The data obtained suggest that S. proteamaculans protealysin and supposedly other protealysin-like proteases are not secreted constitutively and their release from bacteria is likely induced by a certain stimulus such as a contact with a eukaryotic cell. This finding is critical for further studies of the involvement of these enzymes in pathogenesis.
Chemical Generation of Hydroxyl Radical for Oxidative ‘Footprinting’
Authors: Leser Micheal , Chapman Jessica R. , Khine Michelle , Pegan Jonathan , Law Matt , Makkaoui Mohammed El , Ueberheide Beatrix M. , Brenowitz Michael
Published: December 2018

Background:

For almost four decades, hydroxyl radical chemically generated by Fenton chemistry has been a mainstay for the oxidative ‘footprinting’ of macromolecules.

Objective:

In this article, we start by reviewing the application of chemical generation of hydroxyl radical to the development of oxidative footprinting of DNA and RNA and the subsequent application of the method to oxidative footprinting of proteins. We next discuss a novel strategy for generating hydroxyl radicals by Fenton chemistry that immobilizes catalytic iron on a solid surface (Pyrite Shrink Wrap laminate) for the application of nucleic acid and protein footprinting.

Method:

Pyrite Shrink-Wrap Laminate is fabricated by depositing pyrite (Fe-S2, aka ‘fool’s gold’) nanocrystals onto thermolabile plastic (Shrinky Dink). The laminate can be thermoformed into a microtiter plate format into which samples are deposited for oxidation.

Results:

We demonstrate the utility of the Pyrite Shrink-Wrap Laminate for the chemical generation of hydroxyl radicals by mapping the surface of the T-cell co-stimulatory protein Programmed Death – 1 (PD-1) and the interface of the complex with its ligand PD-L1.

Conclusion:

We have developed and validated an affordable and reliable benchtop method of hydroxyl radical generation that will broaden the application of protein oxidative footprinting. Due to the minimal equipment required to implement this method, it should be easily adaptable by many laboratories with access to mass spectrometry.
Unlocking the Potential of HK2 in Cancer Metabolism and Therapeutics
Authors: Garcia Sara N. , Guedes Rita C. , Marques M. Matilde
Published: December 2018

:

Glycolysis is a tightly regulated process in which several enzymes, such as Hexokinases (HKs), play crucial roles. Cancer cells are characterized by specific expression levels of several isoenzymes in different metabolic pathways and these features offer possibilities for therapeutic interventions. Overexpression of HKs (mostly of the HK2 isoform) have been consistently reported in numerous types of cancer. Moreover, deletion of HK2 has been shown to decrease cancer cell proliferation without explicit side effects in animal models, which suggests that targeting HK2 is a viable strategy for cancer therapy. HK2 inhibition causes a substantial decrease of glycolysis that affects multiple pathways of central metabolism and also destabilizes the mitochondrial outer membrane, ultimately enhancing cell death. Although glycolysis inhibition has met limited success, partly due to low selectivity for specific isoforms and excessive side effects of the reported HK inhibitors, there is ample ground for progress.

:

The current review is focused on HK2 inhibition, envisaging the development of potent and selective anticancer agents. The information on function, expression, and activity of HKs is presented, along with their structures, known inhibitors, and reported effects of HK2 ablation/inhibition. The structural features of the different isozymes are discussed, aiming to stimulate a more rational approach to the design of selective HK2 inhibitors with appropriate drug-like properties. Particular attention is dedicated to a structural and sequence comparison of the structurally similar HK1 and HK2 isoforms, aiming to unveil differences that could be explored therapeutically. Finally, several additional catalytic- and non-catalytic roles on different pathways and diseases, recently attributed to HK2, are reviewed and their implications briefly discussed.
Gene-based Therapeutic Tools in the Treatment of Cornea Disease
Authors: Lu Xiao-Xiao , Zhao Shao-Zhen
Published: December 2018

Background:

As one of the main blinding ocular diseases, corneal blindness resulted from neovascularization that disrupts the angiogenic privilege of corneal avascularity. Following neovascularization, inflammatory cells are infiltrating into cornea to strengthen corneal injury. How to maintain corneal angiogenic privilege to treat corneal disease has been investigated for decades.

Methodology:

Local administration of viral and non-viral-mediated anti-angiogenic factors reduces angiogenic protein expression in situ with limited or free of off-target effects upon gene delivery. Recently, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have been studied to treat corneal diseases. Once MSCs are manipulated to express certain genes of interest, they could achieve superior therapeutic efficacy after transplantation.

Discussion:

In the text, we first introduce the pathological development of corneal disease in the aspects of neovascularization and inflammation. We summarize how MSCs become an ideal candidate in cell therapy for treating injured cornea, focusing on cell biology, property and features. We provide an updated review of gene-based therapies in animals and preclinical studies in the aspects of controlling target gene expression, safety and efficacy. Gene transfer vectors are potent to induce candidate protein expression. Delivered by vectors, MSCs are equipped with certain characters by expressing a protein of interest, which facilitates better for MSC-mediated therapeutic intervention for the treatment of corneal disease.

Conclusion:

As the core of this review, we discuss how MSCs could be engineered to be vector system to achieve enhanced therapeutic efficiency after injection.
Down-Regulation of Mir-107 Worsen Spatial Memory by Suppressing SYK Expression and Inactivating NF-ΚB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Hu Wenjie , Wen Lin , Cao Fang , Wang Yexin
Published: December 2018

Background:

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder
in a central nervous system seen.

Objective:

We aimed to study the miR-107 in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology through regulating
SYK and NF-κB signaling pathway.

Method: Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen NF-κB signaling pathway and differentially
expressed genes. The target relationship between miR-107 and SYK was verified by dual luciferase assay.
QRT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to verify the expression level of miR-107, SYK and NF-
κB signaling pathway related proteins of hippocampus primary neurons. BAY61-3606 and BAY11-7082
were purchased for functional examination. Morris water maze tests were performed to access spatial
memory of AD mice with SYK and NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition. Fluorescence microscope dyeing
experiment investigated the neurons nuclear form and apoptosis.

Results:

MiR-107 was lowly expressed while SYK was highly expressed in Tg19959 mouse model. Luciferase
Assay confirmed the target relationship in miR-107 and SYK. With the inhibition of miR-107,
SYK was up-regulated and the increase of p-p65 and the decrease of p-IκB-α suggested that NF-κB signaling
pathway was activated in vitro. Morris water maze test indicated that the spatial memory of
Tg19959 mice was increased with the treatment. The result of DAPI staining indicated that the inhibition
of SYK or NF-κB signaling pathway reduced the apoptosis of Tg19959 mice neuron cell.

Conclusion:

MiR-107 exerts its effects through suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway and SYK,
the inhibition of SYK and NF-κB signaling pathway can improve spatial memory and suppress cell apoptosis.
Noninvasive Cerebellar Stimulation as a Complement Tool to Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Ferrucci Roberta , Bocci Tommaso , Cortese Francesca , Ruggiero Fabiana , Priori Alberto
Published: December 2018

Background:

Cerebellar ataxias represent a wide and heterogeneous group of diseases
characterized by balance and coordination disturbance, dysarthria, dyssynergia and adyadococinesia,
caused by a dysfunction in the cerebellum. In recent years there has been growing interest in
discovering therapeutical strategy for specific forms of cerebellar ataxia. Together with pharmacological
studies, there has been growing interest in non-invasive cerebellar stimulation techniques to
improve ataxia and limb coordination. Both transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial
direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive techniques to modulate cerebro and cerebellar
cortex excitability using magnetic or electric fields.

Methods: Here we aim to review the most relevant studies regarding the application of TMS and
tDCS for the treatment of cerebellar ataxia.

Conclusion:

As pharmacological strategies were shown to be effective in specific forms of cerebellar
ataxia and are not devoid of collateral effects, non-invasive stimulation may represent a promising
strategy to improve residual cerebellar circuits functioning and a complement tool to pharmacotherapy.
Ultrasound Promoted Green Synthesis, Docking Study of Indole Spliced Thiadiazole, α-amino Phosphonates as Anticancer Agents and Antityrosinase Agents
Authors: Nikalje Annapratima G. , Gawhane Pramod A. , Tiwari Shailee V. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Damale Manoj G.
Published: December 2018

Background:

Regardless of recent advances in the development of clinically authorized anticancer
agents the number of deaths due to cancer is increasing day by day all over the world. The aim of this research
work is to synthesis novel anticancer agents.

Method:

In this work, a new series of diethyl ((1H-indole-3-yl)((5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)amino)
methyl)phosphonate derivatives 6(a-j) were designed and synthesized in Ultrasound by green protocol using
Kabachnik-Fields reaction. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral analysis
such as elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 31P NMR and mass spectra. The synthesized compounds
6(a-j) were appraised for their in vitro anticancer activity against human cancer cell lines such as SK-MEL-2
(melanoma), IMR-32 (Neuroblastoma), HT-29(Colon) and also on normal murine embryonic fibroblast
NIH/3T3 by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, using Adriamycin as a standard drug.

Result:

The treatment of SK-MEL-2 cancer cells with 6i showed apoptosis and morphological changes like
cell shrinkage, cell wall deformation and reduced number of viable cells. The synthesized derivatives were also
evaluated for their anti-tyrosinase effect. Nearly all the tested derivatives have been found to be potent
tyrosinase inhibitors.

Conclusion:

Nearly all the compounds were tested, the docking study was performed and indicates that the
compounds have good binding interactions with tyrosine kinase enzyme. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism
and Elimination (ADME) properties of the synthesized compounds were also analyzed which manifested their
potentiality to thrive as good oral drug candidates.
Let-7a Could Serve as A Biomarker for Chemo-Responsiveness to Docetaxel in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Shekari Najibeh , Asghari Faezeh , Haghnavaz Navideh , Shanehbandi Dariush , Khaze Vahid , Baradaran Behzad , Kazemi Tohid
Published: December 2018

Background:

MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs which play critical roles in response to anti-cancer agents. Let-7a and miR-21 are well-known tumor-suppressor and oncomiR miRNAs, respectively. They are involved in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer and have potential to be used as markers in response to the therapy. Objective: We aimed to study alterations in the expression of Let-7a and miR-21, and their targets in gastric cancer cell lines after treatment with docetaxel.

Methods:

In order to determine the IC50 of docetaxel, MTT assay was performed in AGS, MKN45 and KATO III gastric cancer cell lines. The expression levels of Let-7a and miR-21 and their target genes, HMGA2 and PDCD4, were determined by reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR for both treated and untreated cell lines.

Results:

MTT assay showed higher IC50 concentration of docetaxel in KATO III in comparison with AGS and MKN45, indicating KATO III`s higher resistance to docetaxel. Following the treatment, the expression level of Let-7a was significantly increased in AGS and MKN45, while decreased in KATO III. Expression level of miR- 21 in the three treated cell lines was increased significantly. Not only Let-7a, but also expression level of HMGA2 and PDCD4 genes showed different patterns in KATO III in comparison with AGS and MKN45.

Conclusion:

Down-regulation and up-regulation of Let-7a in docetaxel-resistant and sensitive cell lines, respectively indicates its potential usefulness as biomarker for responsiveness of gastric cancer to the therapy with docetaxel and also for predicting patient`s outcome.
Comunicação e Política: mapeando autores/as e teorias mobilizados no Brasil
Authors: França Vera , Simões Paula Guimarães , Oliveira Ana Karina , Lima Laura , Barroso Lívia , Afonso Maria Lúcia , Lopes Suzana , Bontempo Clara , Pereira Samuel
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar os primeiros  resultados de uma pesquisa que busca mapear as teorias e os/as autores/as que alicerçam as pesquisas no campo da Comunicação no Brasil. De forma específica, o artigo enfoca o mapeamento realizado acerca da área Comunicação e Política, tendo em vista os textos apresentados no grupo de trabalho homônimo do evento anual da Compós, em um período de dez anos (2006-2015). A partir dos 99 textos que compõem o corpus, identificamos: os/as autores/as (nacionais e estrangeiros/as) de destaque; os eixos teóricos e conceituais que constituem a perspectiva de cada um/a; e como tais autores/as e abordagens são acionados pelos/as pesquisadores/as do GT.
Equação da política provisória: a comunicação na disputa de afetos e votos
Authors: Weber Maria Helena , Luz Ana Javes , De Barreras Sandra Bitencourt
Published: December 2018

O texto analisa as condições políticas e dispositivos comunicacionais que incidiram na disputa entre os candidatos a governador do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) no 2o Turno das eleições de 2014: o candidato vencedor, José Ivo Sartori (PMDB), e seu adversário, Tarso Genro (PT), que pretendia a reeleição. A premissa é de que, em períodos eleitorais, a política se submete a quaisquer estratégias de marketing e propaganda, desde que sem danos à imagem pública dos candidatos e capazes de capturar e fidelizar o eleitor até a urna. Trata-se de um exercício sobre a o processo de construção do candidato ideal, do inimigo e do projeto político, a partir das competências do Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral (HGPE), para experimentar a hipótese de que o tempo delimitado e a urgência de mecanismos de persuasão constituem a equação da política provisória, determinada pela combinação entre a síntese política, a síntese pessoal e a síntese comunicacional que traduzem o projeto e o candidato.
Genetic Diversity of Local Maize Germplasm of Tana Toraja South Sulawesi Using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) Markers
Authors: Ramlah Ramlah , Aziz Isna Rasdianah , Muthiadin Cut , Masri Mashuri , Mustami Muhammad Khalifah , Pabendon Marcia Bunga
Published: December 2018

Plant genetic diversity is an emerging variation in a crop group caused by its genetic factors. Local corn germplasm as a source of plant genes that are able to adapt to the local environment. The purpose of this research is to obtain information on genetic variation of Tana Toraja local maize germ plasm using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) marker. This research was conducted at Balitsereal Molecular Biology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Agency in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi. A total of 4 local maize populations were analyzed by laboratory experimental method with observation with NTSYS pc 2.1 program. The results showed that the average number of alleles was 3.72 alleles per locus and the polymorphism rate of 0.53 with the genetic similarity coefficient was in the range of 0.47 to 0.85. 2 main clusters formed in the genetic similarity coefficient 0.47. Klaster I is Local DallePondan and Local Purple. Klaster II is Local Bebo and Kandora. The genetic distance is in the range of 0.15 to 0.74 with an average genetic distance of 0.46. From the data obtained shows that the 4th germplasm of the population of Tana Toraja Local maize diteleti has a very informative level of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity of local maize germplasm of Tana Toraja, can be used as a source of genes in the assembly of improved varieties in the future.
Nacionālo partizānu grupu veidošanās un darbība Ziemeļrietumvidzemē 1944. gada rudenī – 1945. gadā
Authors: Ratnieks Reinis
Published: December 2018

Līdzīgi kā citviet Latvijā, arī Ziemeļrietumvidzemē1 pēc padomju okupācijas režīma veiktās mobilizācijas Sarkanajā armijā un represijām veidojās bruņotas pretošanās grupas mežos, lai cīnītos pret PSRS okupāciju. Atšķirībā no citiem Latvijas reģioniem, tur neizveidojās spēcīga pretošanās kustība un nedaudzās partizānu grupas lielākoties ieturēja nogaidošu taktiku, cerot uz Rietumvalstu militāru atbalstu.
European Dimension in Latvia’s Independence Movement (1988–1991)
Authors: Taurēns Jānis
Published: December 2018

Accession of Latvia into the European Union and its successful functioning in this unique international organisation has created new themes for historical research. The concept and idea of Europe should be studied as a historical issue during different periods of Latvia’s complicated and difficult history. The period of the movement for national independence (1988–1991) or the so called “Third Awakening” laid foundations for the modernization and westernization of Latvia. European integration is one of the most important aspects of westernization. The current article is ­devoted to foreign policy and value aspects of Latvia’s Europeanization during the Third Awakening. Therefore, by analysing the existing sources of history new aspects can be identified.
Stāvoklis Latvijā 1919. gada jūlijā: Lielbritānijas pārstāvju viedoklis
Authors: Jēkabsons Ēriks
Published: December 2018

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Baltijas jautājums lielvalstu politikā
Authors: Deksnis Eduards Bruno
Published: December 2018

Recenzija par grāmatu: Kaarel Piirimäe. Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Baltic Question. Allied Relations during the Second World War. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, 256 p. ISBN 978-113-7442-36-9
KAJIAN POTENSI SUMBER DAYA PERKEBUNAN KABUPATEN BATANGHARI
Authors: Artis Dearmi , Zulfanetti Zulfanetti
Published: December 2018

Salah   satu   kebijakan   ekonomi   yang   sangat   strategis   dalam   rangka   mempercepat   laju pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah adalah melalui peningkatan investasi. Peningkatan investasi yang diharapkan dalam menentukan target pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak terlepas dari potensi dan peluang investasi yang dimiliki oleh Kabupaten Batang Hari, diantaranya dibidang perkebunan. Analisis tentang produk atau komoditas unggulan daerah menjadi penting untuk diketahui dan dikaji. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengungkap  berbagai  potensi  sumberdaya perkebunan  Kabupaten  Batanghari  yang dapat diandalkan sebagai produk atau komoditas unggulan daerah. Kajian tentang ungulan daerah dalam studi ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan LQ, ARC dan IKP. Penelitian ini diharapkan berguna bagi pengambil kebijakan ataupun bagi kalangan pelaku usaha sebagai salah satu instrumen dalam menentukan langkah investasi terutama dalam sub-sektor perkebunan di Kabupaten Batanghari. Pada akhirnya hasil studi ini diharapkan juga dapat menjadi salah satu pendukung guna percepatan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah. Hasil  penelitian  ini  menyimpulkan  bahwa  Kabapaten  Batanghari  merupakan  salah  satu kabupaten yang secara ekonomi sangat potensial dalam pengembangan subsektor perkebunan, terutama komoditas Karet dan Kelapa Sawit. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa dua komoditas ini merupakan komoditas perkebunan andalan dan masih dapat diharapkan menjadi komoditas unggulan perkebunan di Provinsi  Jambi.  Beberapa masalah  dapat  menjadi  faktor  kendala  dalam  upaya  pengembangan  dua komoditas ini di masa mendatang, namun tidak dipungkiri bahwa faktor-faktor yang dapat diandalkan menjadi domain pendorong untuk komoditas ini berkembang secara ekonomi di masa yang akan datang tetap akan menjadi variabel yang menguntungkan. Apalagi kalau para pemangku kepentingan di daerah ini dapat menjawab dan menyelesaikan beberapa hal yang potensial menjadi faktor penghambat tumbuh kembangnya sektor perkebunan di wilayah ini.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN SOSIAL EKONOMI PERJALANAN WISATA PENDUDUK DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PARIWISATA DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Amril Amril , Yulmardi Yulmardi , Hardiani Hardiani
Published: December 2018

Provinsi Jambi adalah satu daerah di Indonesia dengan potensi kepariwisataan yang relatif beragam. Agar potensi kepariwisataan tersebut dapat berkembang menjadi industri pariwisata yang mampu mendukung pembangunan daerah, maka pemerintah daerah dan stakeholder kepariwisataan terkait perlu memahami berbagai aspek baik karakteristik wisatawan maupun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perjalanan wisata dari masyarakat. Hal ini bertujuan agar dalam menyusun strategi kepariwisataannya dapat lebih efektif menarik wisatawan melakukan perjalanan ke objek-objek wisata di Provinsi Jambi. Untuk menganalisis karakteristik  perjalanan penduduk, dan karakteristik individu wisatawan dilakukan secara deskriptif melalui pengolahan “raw data” Susenas Provinsi Jambi Tahun 2015. Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perjalanan wisata penduduk digunakan model regresi binary logistik. Hasil penelitian menemukan: 1). Secara umum, aktivitas perjalanan penduduk di Provinsi Jambi masih relatif rendah. Hanya 14,14 persen dari total penduduk yang pernah melakukan perjalanan dalam enam bulan terakhir dari saat pencacahan SUSENAS 2016; 2)  Selain rendahnya aktivitas perjalanan tersebut, aktivitas perjalanan untuk wisata juga masih relatif terbatas. Hanya 17,79 persen dari total penduduk yang melakukan perjalanan, yang maksud utamanya untuk berwisata; 3) Objek tujuan wisata penduduk Provinsi Jambi didominasi oleh objek wisata yang ada di Provinsi Jambi sendiri, selain objek wisata yang ada di provinsi-provinsi yang berdekatan yaitu Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Barat dan Bengkulu; 4). Karakteristik perjalanan wisata penduduk di Provinsi Jambi adalah perjalanan wisata keluarga, sehingga dari karakteristiknya terlihat bahwa relatif dominannya anak-anak dan orang tua dalam melakukan perjalanan wisata. Sebaliknya, relatif sedikitnya penduduk pada usia puncak produksi (20 – 39 tahun) yang melakukan perjalanan wisata; 5) Faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap perjalanan wisata penduduk di Provinsi Jambi adalah umur, pendidikan dan status dalam keluarga. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan probabilita perjalanan penduduk untuk wisata antara kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jambi.
OPTIMALISASI MODEL EFISIENSI ENERGI DAN BIAYA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDAPATAN DENGAN CLUSTERISASI NELAYAN TANGKAP DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Lubis Tona Aurora , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Safri Muhammad
Published: December 2018

This research is important and interesting, especially for Jambi province since studies first year will be able to classify the fishermen catch with the system clusterisasi, able to identify and analyze the impact of energy efficiency and cost to the level of income of fishermen fishing, formulate a model of the development of energy efficiency and cost against income level with clusterisasi fishermen catch, as well as the first study of formulating a development model of energy efficiency and cost to the level of income by fishermen catch clusterisasi This study uses a combination of research methods (mixed method), which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. The type of research used is a combination of Exploratory Sequential Design, which is in the early stages of research using qualitative methods and the next phase using quantitative methods. The conclusion of this study is clusterisasi fishermen in Jambi Province can be classified into three categories: full of fishermen, and fishermen main sideline, as well as additional odd fisherman. The impact of energy efficiency and cost to the level of fishing income generating variable Energy Efficiency and Cost (EEB) to four (4) indicators reflective namely: the type of vessel (JK), speed boat (KK), operation of a ship (OK), the pattern of arrests (PP) and variable Fishermen performance Capture (KNT) with (a) a reflective indicator is the level of income (TP). A model of energy efficiency and cost against pendatan with clusterisasi fishermen fishing in the province of Jambi is that energy efficiency and cost (EEB) which is reflected by speed boat (KK) and ship operations (OK) has a significant influence on the performance of the fishermen catch (KNT) reflected income level (TP). This study is important and interesting in order to get funding for this research study second year (2017), so it can answer Fator factors internal and external that affect the welfare of fishermen fishing in the province of Jambi.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK SISTEM AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN DESENTRALISASI DAN LOCUS OF CONTROL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Friyani Rita
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh Karakteristik sistem akuntansi manajemen terhadap Kinerja Manajerial dengan Desentralisasi dan Locus of Control sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Variabel pemoderasi adalah variabel yang memperlemah atau memperkuat hubungan lansugn antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei pada perusahaan manufaktur yang ada di Kota Jambi. Metode survei yang digunakan adalah dengan memberikan kueioner kepada perusahaan manufaktur yang ada di Kota Jambi tersebut. Hasil kuesioner tersebut akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dan uji nilai selisih untuk variabel pemoderasi dengan bantuan komputer melalui program SPSS 19.00 for window.