bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an antibiotic stewardship intervention to reduce prescription of fluoroquinolones: A human factors analysis in two intensive care units
Authors: Carayon Pascale , Thuemling Teresa , Parmasad Vishala , Bao Songtao , O’Horo John , Bennett Nicholas T , Safdar Nasia
Published: June 2021

Antibiotic use is often the target of interventions in health care organizations that aim to decrease healthcare-associated infections (HAI) such as Clostridioides difficile (CDI); this is particularly important for fluoroquinolones (FQ), which are frequently used in critical care settings. In this study, using a multiple case study research approach, we conduct an in-depth analysis of an intervention aimed at limiting ICU prescriber access to FQ in two ICUs of two hospitals. The data collection and analysis were guided by a human factors engineering approach based on the SEIPS (Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety) model and evidence-based implementation principles. Our results show some differences in the implementation of the FQ intervention between the two ICUs, such as level and method of FQ restriction, and training and communication with physicians and pharmacists. In both ICUs, several organizational learning mechanisms helped to quickly identify problems with the intervention and ensure that changes were made in a just-in-time manner (e.g. just-in-time training, removal of FQ in order set for pneumonia). Despite their organizational differences, both sites developed strategies to successfully implement the FQ intervention.
Identification of the multimorbidity training needs of primary care professionals: Protocol of a survey
Authors: Leiva-Fernández Francisca , González-Hevilla Alba , Prados-Torres Juan Daniel , Casas-Galán Fuensanta , García-Domingo Eva , Ortiz-Suárez Paula , López-Rodríguez Juan Antonio , Pico-Soler Maria Victoria ,   MULTIPAP Group
Published: June 2021

Background:

Current epidemiological situation has prompted the consideration of multimorbility (MM) as a prevalent condition, influenced by age, educational level and social support, related to unfavorable social and health determinants. Primary Care (PC) has a key role in its approach but further training of professionals in MM is required. The evidence on the effectiveness of training interventions in MM is still limited. Knowing the experiences, opinions and training needs of professionals is essential to enhance training interventions. Objectives: Identify perceived training needs by PC health professionals (doctors and nurses) in MM and polypharmacy. Methods: Design: Cross-sectional study based on an online survey (anonymous-ad hoc questionnaire). Participants and recruitment: 384 doctors and nurses working in healthcare centers and out-of-hospital emergencies of the Spanish National Health System. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling via email addressed to Health Institutions, and social networks. Data: Demographic characteristics and professional profile data (close-ended and multiple-choice questions) will be collected. Open-ended questions will be used to identify training needs, difficulties and resources about MM; required skills to care patients with MM will be assessed using a 4-item ordinal scale. Analysis: Coding of data prior to analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis, participation and completion rates of the questionnaire and estimation of absolute and relative frequencies and 95% confidence intervals in close-ended questions. Content analysis with inductive methodology in open-ended questions. Ethics: Ethical approval, Online informed consent. Conclusions: The identification of training needs of health professionals who care for patients with MM will be necessary data for developing highly effective training activities.
Lasmiditan: Acute Migraine Treatment Without Vasoconstriction. A Review
Authors: Beauchene Juliana K , Levien Terri L
Published: June 2021

Objective: To review the efficacy and safety of the newly Food and Drug Administration approved drug lasmiditan, and its place in therapy in the treatment of acute migraine attacks. Data Sources: A literature search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar was preformed (September 1999 to May 2021) using the following search terms: acute migraine treatment, triptans, lasmiditan, Reyvow, Rimegepant, Nurtec, Ubrogepant, Ubrelvy, migraine, vasoconstriction, and cardiovascular risk. Product labeling, https://www.clinicaltriasl.gov , and product monographs were also reviewed. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant English-language studies were considered. Data Synthesis: Lasmiditan is the first in its class approved for acute migraine treatment. Lasmiditan exerts its therapeutic effect through agonism at the 5-HT1F receptor, which has been shown to produce no vasoconstriction in preclinical models. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: It is both scientifically and clinically relevant to review lasmiditan and determine the value of an acute migraine drug that does not induce vasoconstriction. Patients with preexisting cardiovascular conditions for which current migraine therapy is contraindicated may benefit from therapeutic use of lasmiditan. However, the potential cardiovascular benefit needs to be weighed against the increased central nervous system risks observed with lasmiditan. Conclusions: Lasmiditan is an oral tablet drug that is used for acute migraine abortive treatment and data suggest that it does not induce vasoconstriction, a common side effect often observed with the current first-line abortive migraine treatment drug class, triptans. This is especially important in acute migraine patients with cardiovascular risk factors in which triptan use is contraindicated.
The impact of race on postpartum opioid prescribing practices: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: McKinnish Tyler R. , Lewkowitz Adam K. , Carter Ebony B. , Veade Ashley E.
Published: June 2021

Background

To identify the association between inpatient postpartum opioid consumption, race, and amount of opioids prescribed at discharge after vaginal or cesarean delivery.

Methods

A total of 416 women who were prescribed an oral opioid following vaginal or cesarean delivery at a single tertiary academic institution between July 2018 and October 2018 were identified. Women with postoperative wound complications, third and fourth degree lacerations, cesarean hysterectomy, or a history of opioid abuse were excluded. The primary outcome was the number of oxycodone 5 mg tablets prescribed at discharge, stratified by race and mode of delivery. Only “Black” and “White” women were included in analyses due to low absolute numbers of other identities. Black women were compared to white women using multivariable logistic regression. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results

The median number of oxycodone tablets consumed during hospitalization following cesarean delivery was seven (IQR: 2.5–12 tablets) and following vaginal delivery was one (IQR: 0–3). White women were more likely to be older at delivery regardless of route (median 32 vs. 30 years for cesarean delivery, and 29 vs. 27 years for vaginal delivery; p < 0.01 for both). White women undergoing cesarean delivery did so at a lower maternal BMI (31.6 vs. 34.5; p = 0.02). White women were also significantly more likely to have private insurance and to experience perineal lacerations following vaginal delivery. The number of inpatient opioid tablets consumed, as well as the number prescribed at discharge, were not statistically different between Black and White women, regardless of mode of delivery. These findings persisted in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

At our large, academic hospital the number of tablets prescribed at discharge had no association with patient race or inpatient usage regardless of mode of delivery.
Obtaining a faculty position at a primarily undergraduate institution (PUI)
Authors: King-Smith Christina , Lund Dahlberg Caroline , Riggs Blake
Published: June 2021

Scientists who hope to obtain a faculty position at a primarily undergraduate institution (PUI) need a distinct skill set and outlook on their future teaching and research career. To obtain a position at a PUI, candidates should 1) design a strategy for obtaining a faculty position that suits each individual’s career goals and aspirations, 2) prepare for the application process, on-campus interview, and contract negotiations, and 3) plan a strategy for the probationary period leading up to tenure and promotion. Given the different types of PUIs, candidates need to consider whether they seek a position that consists of all or mostly all teaching, or both teaching and research. Candidates should educate themselves on the expectations at PUI’s, including current thought, practice, and aspirations for science pedagogy, and gain teaching experience prior to seeking a suitable position. If the candidate’s goal is a position with both teaching and research, it is important to discuss with the current research mentor what projects the candidate can take with them to their new position. The candidate should also consider what types of projects will be successful with undergraduate student researchers in a PUI research environment. Importantly, candidates should clearly demonstrate a commitment to diversity and inclusion in their teaching, research, and outreach, and application materials should demonstrate this. On interviews, candidates should be knowledgeable about the mission, values, and resources of the institution and how the candidate will contribute to that mission. Once hired, new faculty should discuss a formal or informal mentoring plan during the probationary period that includes peer evaluations on a regular basis, and maintain communication with the department chair or designated mentor regarding teaching, research, and service activities.
CircLRP6 contributes to prostate cancer growth and metastasis by binding to miR-330-5p to up-regulate NRBP1
Authors: Qin Linghui , Sun Xiaosong , Zhou Fei , Liu Cheng
Published: June 2021

Background

Circular RNA low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (circLRP6) is considered as an oncogene in many types of cancers. However, the function and mechanisms of circLRP6 in prostate cancer (PCa) tumorigenesis remain largely undefined.

Methods

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays were conducted to assess the expression of circLRP6, microRNA (miR)-330-5p, and nuclear receptor binding protein 1 (NRBP1). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EDU) incorporation, flow cytometry, transwell, wound healing, and western blot assays were performed to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in vitro. Subcutaneous tumor growth was observed in nude mice to investigate the role of circLRP6 in vivo. The targeting relationship between miR-330-5p and NRBP1 or circLRP6 was verified using dual-luciferase reporter, pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Immunohistochemistry was employed to test relative protein expression.

Results

CircLRP6 was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cells, knockdown of circLRP6 impaired PCa cell growth and metastasis in vitro by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistic studies showed that circLRP6 could competitively bind with miR-330-5p to prevent the degradation of its target gene NRBP1. Rescue assay suggested that miR-330-5p inhibition reversed the inhibitory effects of circLRP6 knockdown on PCa cell growth and metastasis. Moreover, overexpression of miR-330-5p suppressed PCa progression via NRBP1. Notably, tumor formation assay indicated that circLRP6 silencing impeded tumor growth and EMT in vivo.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrated that circLRP6 promoted PCa tumorigenesis and metastasis through miR-330-5p/NRBP1 axis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
Improved naive Bayes classification algorithm for traffic risk management
Authors: Chen Hong , Hu Songhua , Hua Rui , Zhao Xiuju
Published: June 2021

Naive Bayesian classification algorithm is widely used in big data analysis and other fields because of its simple and fast algorithm structure. Aiming at the shortcomings of the naive Bayes classification algorithm, this paper uses feature weighting and Laplace calibration to improve it, and obtains the improved naive Bayes classification algorithm. Through numerical simulation, it is found that when the sample size is large, the accuracy of the improved naive Bayes classification algorithm is more than 99%, and it is very stable; when the sample attribute is less than 400 and the number of categories is less than 24, the accuracy of the improved naive Bayes classification algorithm is more than 95%. Through empirical research, it is found that the improved naive Bayes classification algorithm can greatly improve the correct rate of discrimination analysis from 49.5 to 92%. Through robustness analysis, the improved naive Bayes classification algorithm has higher accuracy.
Peer-to-peer health promotion interventions among African American men: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Wippold Guillermo M. , Frary Sarah Grace , Abshire Demetrius , Wilson Dawn K.
Published: June 2021

Background

Health promotion efforts among African American men have been met with significant challenges and have produced limited results. Interventions that do not align with the values, perspectives, and preferences of African American men often produce less effective results. Research among African American men has provided compelling evidence that these men prefer informal networks of health support. Recent successful health promotion efforts among these men have benefited from peer-to-peer models of implementation. To date, no known scoping or systematic review of peer-to-peer health promotion interventions among African American men has been conducted. The goal of this scoping review is to understand the extent of, design, implementation, and use of peer-to-peer interventions to promote health, improve quality of life, and prevent disease among African American men.

Methods

A review of the literature will be performed in PubMED, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Web of Science. The development of this protocol was guided by the work of Arksey and O’Malley and the PICOS statement. Reporting will be guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Eligible studies include those testing the effects of a peer-to-peer health promotion intervention targeting African American men. A comparison group will not be required. For the purposes of the current review, “peers” will be limited to other African American men. An initial screening of the titles and abstracts of potentially eligible studies will be completed by two independent reviewers. The full text of records that appear to meet the eligibility criteria will be accessed and further screened. Data will then be extracted and collected using a custom Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Extracted data will include authors’ name and publication year, target health issue(s), design of the intervention, components of the intervention, peer-led components of the intervention, peer role, length and type of training for peer leaders, intervention duration, frequency of the intervention, study design and number of participants, and main outcomes. Finally, results will be presented in table format and summarized in text format.

Discussion

Results will have implications for the design, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion interventions among African American men.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42020198664
Peripheral administration of SOD1 aggregates does not transmit pathogenic aggregation to the CNS of SOD1 transgenic mice
Authors: Keskin Isil , Ekhtiari Bidhendi Elaheh , Marklund Matthew , Andersen Peter M. , Brännström Thomas , Marklund Stefan L. , Nordström Ulrika
Published: June 2021

The deposition of aggregated proteins is a common neuropathological denominator for neurodegenerative disorders. Experimental evidence suggests that disease propagation involves prion-like mechanisms that cause the spreading of template-directed aggregation of specific disease-associated proteins. In transgenic (Tg) mouse models of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1)-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), inoculation of minute amounts of human SOD1 (hSOD1) aggregates into the spinal cord or peripheral nerves induces premature ALS-like disease and template-directed hSOD1 aggregation that spreads along the neuroaxis. This infectious nature of spreading pathogenic aggregates might have implications for the safety of laboratory and medical staff, recipients of donated blood or tissue, or possibly close relatives and caregivers. Here we investigate whether transmission of ALS-like disease is unique to the spinal cord and peripheral nerve inoculations or if hSOD1 aggregation might spread from the periphery into the central nervous system (CNS). We inoculated hSOD1 aggregate seeds into the peritoneal cavity, hindlimb skeletal muscle or spinal cord of adult Tg mice expressing mutant hSOD1. Although we used up to 8000 times higher dose—compared to the lowest dose transmitting disease in spinal cord inoculations—the peripheral inoculations did not transmit seeded aggregation to the CNS or premature ALS-like disease in hSOD1 Tg mice. Nor was any hSOD1 aggregation detected in the liver, kidney, skeletal muscle or sciatic nerve. To explore potential reasons for the lack of disease transmission, we examined the stability of hSOD1 aggregates and found them to be highly vulnerable to both proteases and detergent. Our findings suggest that exposed individuals and personnel handling samples from ALS patients are at low risk of any potential transmission of seeded hSOD1 aggregation.
Female (Under) Representation in Exercise Thermoregulation Research
Authors: Hutchins Kate P. , Borg David N. , Bach Aaron J. E. , Bon Joshua J. , Minett Geoffrey M. , Stewart Ian B.
Published: June 2021

Background

Despite an increasing rate of women participating in professional sports, emergency services, and military settings where they are exposed to exertional heat stress, our understanding of female thermoregulation and the detrimental effects of heat on women’s performance, especially regarding the menstrual cycle, is limited. This review aimed to quantify the representation of women in exercise thermoregulation research between 2010 and 2019 and the frequency that these articles reported details pertaining to female participants’ menstrual cycle to determine the volume of novel research that is directly relevant to this growing population.

Methods

Original exercise thermoregulatory studies published in three major sports medicine databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus) between 2010 and 2019 were surveyed. Articles were screened to determine the number of female and male participants in the study and whether studies involving women reported menstrual orientation or phase. Research involving healthy adult participants and an exercise protocol with a thermoregulatory outcome measure were included in the review.

Results

A total of 1407 articles were included in the review, involving 28,030 participants. The annual representation of women ranged from a mean of 11.6% [95% credible interval (CI); 9.2, 14.3] to 17.8% [95% CI; 15.2, 20.6] across the 10 years, indicating studies predominantly included men. Nonetheless, there was a small statistical increase in the overall proportion of women, with a mean overall proportion change of 0.7% [95% CI; 0.2, 1.2] per year. The increase appeared to be driven by a reduction in the number of studies including only men, rather than studies including more women alongside men, or increased women-only studies. Less than one third of articles involving women reported the menstrual orientation of participants and less than one quarter reported both menstrual orientation and phase.

Summary/Conclusion

This study shows that women were proportionally underrepresented in exercise thermoregulation research during the past decade and the majority of studies did not report menstrual cycle details of female participants. Researchers should consider including women in future work where their inclusion could contribute meaningful data that enhance the evidence-based and ultimately improves our comprehension of women’s thermal physiology.
In silico studies of bioactive compounds from selected African plants with inhibitory activity against nitric oxide synthase and arginase implicated in asthma
Authors: Umar Haruna Isiyaku , Saliu Tolulope Peter , Josiah Sunday Solomon , Ajayi Adeola , Danjuma Jamilu Bala
Published: June 2021

Background

It is a known fact that arginine is a common substrate for arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). However, an imbalance between both enzymes could lead to a change in airway responses. Reports suggest that increased activities of both enzymes could lead to airway hyper-responsiveness. Thus, the requests for NOS inhibitors that can also inhibit arginase as the elevated activities of both enzymes have detrimental consequence on airways in asthma. Bioactive compounds fromAzadirachta indica,Crinum glaucum, andMangifera indicaare documented for anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-histaminic, smooth-muscle relaxants, and anti-allergic potentials. However, the mechanisms of action of these bioactive compounds in conferring the aforementioned protections are not well characterized. The objective of this present study is to assess in silico inhibitory potentials of these bioactive compounds against NOS and arginase via binding at their active sites. The crystal structures of NOS and arginase were retrieved from the protein database, while the bioactive compounds were retrieved from PubChem. Drug-likeness of the selected bioactive compounds was assessed using DruLiTo software. The successful compounds were docked with active sites of enzymes using AutoDock Vina docking software, and the docked complexes were analyzed using LigPlot and protein-ligand profiler web server.

Results

The findings of the study revealed that the bioactive compounds fromA.indica,C.glaucum, andM. indicawere able to interact with the active sites of NOS and arginase with the exception of gallic acid (fromM.indica) and nimbandiol (fromA.indica); these compounds showed differential binding energies (kcal/mol) and a number of them had higher binding energies thanl-arginine when docked with NOS.

Conclusion

Conclusively, the in silico analysis proposes that these compounds could prove to be probable anti-asthmatic drugs.
Gender differences in patients presenting with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in the STAR registry
Authors: Kinsara Abdulhalim Jamal , Ismail Yasser M.
Published: June 2021

Background

In most acute coronary artery (ACS) related literature, the female gender constitutes a smaller proportion. This study is based on gender-specific data in the Saudi Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry Program (STARS-1 Program). A prospective multicenter study, conducted with patients diagnosed with ACS in 50 participating hospitals.

Results

In total, 762 (34.12%) patients were diagnosed with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Of this group, only 164 (21.52%) were women. The mean age (64.52 ± 12.56 years) was older and the mean body mass index (BMI) was higher (30.58 ± 6.23). A significantly proportion was diabetic or hypertensive; however, a smaller proportion was smoking. Hyperlipidemia was present in 48%. The history of angina/MI/stroke and revascularization was similar, except for renal impairment. The presentation was atypical as only 70% presented with chest pain, and the rest with shortness of breath or epigastric pain. At presentation, the female group were more tachycardiac, had higher blood pressure, and a higher incidence of being in class 11-111 Killip heart failure. Only 32% had a normal systolic function, and the majority had either mild or moderate systolic dysfunction.

In particular, the rate of percutaneous coronary intervention was similar. The in-hospital mortality was similar (5%), with more women diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and heart failure at follow-up.

Conclusions

Women had a higher prevalence of risk factors affecting the presentation and morbidity but not mortality. Improving these risk factors and the lifestyle is a priority to improve the outcome and decrease morbidity.
Dural carotid-cavernous fistulas: our experience with endovascular management
Authors: Prasad Surya Nandan , Singh Alok Pratap , Kanaujia Vikas , Singh Vivek , Phadke Rajendra Vishnu , Sharma Kumudini
Published: June 2021

Background

Indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) are dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus and generally present with ocular symptoms. High index of clinical suspicion and radiological work up is required for diagnosis, and treatment is primarily endovascular embolization. We present our experience in diagnosis and management of indirect CCF along with technical evolution to perform embolization and different vascular accesses for difficult anatomy.

Results

Among a total of 20 indirect CCF cases who were treated with embolization in our department from 2013 to 2020, five (25%) were type C and 15 (75%) were type D. Seven were treated with trans-arterial access only, 11 were treated by transvenous access only, and two were treated by taking both transvenous and trans-arterial access. No recurrence was seen in angiographically cured patients. Out of seven patients who suffered various grades of visual deficit, five recovered completely and two had fixed visual deficit. Third and sixth cranial nerve palsy persisted in two patients even after CCF embolization.

Conclusion

Indirect CCF is a treatable cause of troublesome ocular symptoms. Endovascular embolization is preferred treatment with excellent short- and long-term outcome. The embolization becomes difficult and challenging in cases where the conventional vascular access to the cavernous sinus is occluded.
Multi-sensor data collection and fusion using autoencoders in condition evaluation of concrete bridge decks
Authors: Pashoutani Sepehr , Zhu Jinying , Sim Chungwook , Won Kwanghee , Mazzeo Brian A. , Guthrie W. Spencer
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a multi-sensor data collection and data fusion procedure for nondestructive evaluation/testing (NDE/NDT) of a concrete bridge deck. Three NDE technologies, vertical electrical impedance (VEI), ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and high-definition imaging (HDI) for surface crack detection, were deployed on the bridge deck. A neural network autoencoder was trained to quantify the relationship between VEI and GPR results using the data collected at common positions. This relationship was then used for fusion of VEI and GPR data to increase the reliability and spatial resolution of the NDE measurements and to generate a data-fused condition map that showed novel characteristics. Threshold values for VEI and GPR tests were obtained and used to determine the color scale in the fused map. Surface cracks identified from HDI show reasonable agreement with the deterioration areas on the data-fused condition map. Chloride concentration measurements on sound and deteriorated areas of the deck were consistent with the NDE results.
Ραδιοφωνική Τέχνη
Authors: Γαλανόπουλος Σπυρίδων
Published: June 2021

Η μελέτη αυτή πραγματεύεται την ανάλυση της αφηγηματικής οργάνωσης των έργων ραδιοφωνικής τέχνης, δηλαδή του τρόπου αφηγηματικής νοηματοδότησης των δομικών στοιχείων ενός ραδιοφωνικού έργου. Ως αφηγηματικότητα και αφηγηματική οργάνωση, εδώ νοείται μια ευρύτερη κατηγορία από αυτήν της λογοτεχνικής αφήγησης. Στόχος της εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη ενός πρωτότυπου συστήματος ανάλυσης της ραδιοφωνικής τέχνης, ως θεωρίας και εφαρμογής, στα πλαίσια της ηχητικής τέχνης και βασισμένου σε μοντέλα από τη θεωρία της ηλεκτροακουστικής μουσικής, τη σημειολογία, και τη μουσική ψυχολογία.Η εργασία αυτή οργανώνεται σε τρία μέρη, το ιστορικό, το θεωρητικό και τις εφαρμογές. Στο ιστορικό μέρος εξετάζονται ιστορικά και θεωρητικά ζητήματα της ραδιοφωνικής τέχνης. Τα θέματα προσεγγίζονται γεωγραφικά και χρονολογικά με μια πρόθεση να συστηματοποιηθεί ο ιστορικός κορμός των ραδιοφωνικών έργων με θεωρητικό τρόπο.Στο θεωρητικό μέρος αναπτύσσεται ένα σύστημα ανάλυσης της αφηγηματικής οργάνωσης του ραδιοφωνικού έργου, το οποίο βασίζεται σε μία σειρά αφηγηματικών-νοηματοδοτικών παραμέτρων. Αυτές οι παράμετροι εξετάζονται και παρουσιάζονται χωριστά και αφορούν τη διάσταση αφηγηματικής δυνατότητας, το ιεραρχικό χρονικό επίπεδο οργάνωσης, το επίπεδο σημασιοδοτικότητας, το συντακτικό, τη γραμμικότητα, την πολλαπλότητα και την υφή.Στο μέρος των εφαρμογών οι παράμετροι συνδυάζονται ως ολοκληρωμένο σύστημα με πρακτικούς τρόπους. Το σύστημα ανάλυσης τίθεται σε εφαρμογή αρχικά μέσα από την ανάλυση 5 έργων. Στη συνέχεια αξιοποιείται στη σύνθεση-διαμόρφωση ενός καινοτόμου πειραματικού ραδιοφωνικού προγράμματος.Η ανάπτυξη του συστήματος ανάλυσης της αφηγηματικής οργάνωσης του ραδιοφωνικού έργου με όλους τους παραπάνω τρόπους συνεισφέρει στη μελέτη και ταξινόμηση των έργων ραδιοφωνικής τέχνης και ανοίγει ένα νέο πεδίο εφαρμογών στις δημιουργικές κατευθύνσεις.
Οι διακυμάνσεις των επιπέδων της μελατονίνης και της κοπεπτίνης, στον ορό σε νεογνά βρέφη και παιδιά κατά τη διάρκεια του χειρουργικού stress
Authors: Δραγούμη Μαρία
Published: June 2021

Εισαγωγή: Είναι γνωστό ότι το χειρουργικό stress συνοδεύει κάθε επέμβαση. Στην απάντηση του οργανισμού σε αυτό ενέχεται η μελατονίνη με τις αντιοξειδωτικές της ιδιότητες και η κοπεπτίνη ως τμήμα της ορμόνης του stress αργινίνης –βαζοπρεσίνης (AVP).Σκοπός: Η μελέτη αποσκοπεί στη διερεύνηση αξιόπιστης διαγνωστικής προσέγγισης και έγκαιρης αντιμετώπισης πιθανών προβλημάτων υγείας περιεγχειρητικά, εκμεταλλευόμενοι τη δυνατότητα της εύκολης και γρήγορης ανίχνευσης τόσο της μελατονίνης όσο και της κοπεπτίνης στους παιδιατρικούς ασθενείς.Μέθοδος: Στη μελέτη χρησιμοποιήθηκαν 56 ασθενείς, παιδιά ηλικίας 5 ημερών έως 13.6 ετών (69.64% άρρενες και 30.36% θήλεα), οι οποίοι υποβλήθηκαν σε χειρουργικές επεμβάσεις μέσης ή μεγάλης βαρύτητας. Τα επίπεδα της μελατονίνης και της κοπεπτίνης προσδιορίστηκαν κατά α) την προεγχειρητική αιμοληψία 24 ώρες πριν την χειρουργική επέμβαση, β) την άμεση μετεγχειρητική αιμοληψία με την ολοκλήρωση της χειρουργικής επέμβασης, πριν την πλήρη αναζωογόνηση και γ) τη μετεγχειρητική αιμοληψία 24 ώρες μετά την χειρουργική επέμβαση. Αποτελέσματα: Δεν διαπιστώθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά των επιπέδων της μελατονίνης και της κοπεπτίνης, μεταξύ των χειρουργικών σταδίων, ανά ζεύγη (προεγχειρητικό, άμεσα μετεγχειρητικό, 24 ώρες μετά την επέμβαση). Η μελατονίνη παρουσιάζει τάση υψηλότερων επιπέδων προεγχειρητικά στα αγόρια συγκριτικά με τα κορίτσια, ενώ στο δείγμα των 24 ωρών μετά το χειρουργείο, στην ομάδα ηλικίας 1-3 ετών διαπιστώθηκαν χαμηλότερες τιμές σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα ηλικίας 6-12 ετών. Επίσης, στα μη προγραμματισμένα επείγοντα χειρουργεία (οξείας κοιλίας), σε σύγκριση με τα προγραμματισμένα, τα επίπεδα της είναι υψηλότερα στο προεγχειρητικό στάδιο και στις 24 ώρες μετά το χειρουργείο. Τέλος, τα επίπεδα της κοπεπτίνης 24 ώρες μετά την επέμβαση είναι υψηλότερα, στα χειρουργεία μεγαλύτερης βαρύτητας. Συμπεράσματα: Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της μελέτης μας, πιστεύουμε ότι μπορούμε να αξιολογήσουμε την προγνωστική αξία της κοπεπτίνης ως προγνωστικού βιοδείκτη καλής ή κακής έκβασης, σε επίπεδο χειρουργικών επεμβάσεων σε παιδιά στα πλαίσια του χειρουργικού stress.
Μελέτη σχηματισμού και κατανομής δευτερογενούς οργανικού αερολύματος στην ατμόσφαιρα
Authors: Κανελλόπουλος Παναγιώτης-Γεώργιος
Published: June 2021

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή έχει ως θέμα τη μελέτη σχηματισμού και κατανομής του δευτερογενούς οργανικού αερολύματος στην ατμόσφαιρα. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, πραγματοποιήθηκε η μελέτη διαφόρων δεικτών-SOA και σχετικών πολικών οργανικών ενώσεων, σε αιωρούμενα σωματίδια σε περιοχές της Ελλάδας και της Κύπρου με διαφορετικά χαρακτηριστικά. Για τη μελέτη αυτή αναπτύχθηκε και επικυρώθηκε μέθοδος τριπλής παραγωγοποίησης για τον προσδιορισμό πολικών οργανικών ενώσεων με την τεχνική της αέριας χρωματογραφίας συζευγμένη με φασματομετρία μαζών, ενώ συντέθηκαν και αναπτύχθηκε μέθοδος προσδιορισμού οργανοθειικών ενώσεων μέσω υγρής χρωματογραφίας συζευγμένης με τετραπολικό φασματόμετρο μαζών με αναλυτή «χρόνου πτήσης». Η μελέτη των ενώσεων SOA σε ΑΣ10 και ΑΣ2,5 σε αστική περιοχή και περιοχή υποβάθρου της Κύπρου, έδειξε τη συσσώρευση της πλειοψηφίας των ενώσεων στα ΑΣ2,5, όμως κατά τη θερμή περίοδο, ενώσεις με αυξημένη πτητικότητα παρουσίασαν υψηλότερες συγκεντρώσεις στα ΑΣ10. Μετεωρολογικές παράμετροι, όπως η ένταση της ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας όσο και η σχετική υγρασία της ατμόσφαιρας έδειξαν να επηρεάζουν σημαντικά το σχηματισμό SOA. Επίσης, τόσο το Ο3 όσο και τα επίπεδα ΝΟx συσχετίσθηκαν σημαντικά με τις διαφορετικές ομάδες SOA, δείχνοντας την επίδρασή τους στον σχηματισμό αυτών. Μεταξύ των δύο περιοχών παρατηρήθηκαν σημαντικές διαφορές ως προς το σχετικό προφίλ των δεικτών-BSOA αλλά και των δικαρβοξυλικών οξέων, που αποδίδεται στα αυξημένα επίπεδα NOx καθώς και στις έντονες εκπομπές της καύσης βιομάζας στην αστική περιοχή. Η μελέτη της κατανομής των δεικτών SOA στα ΑΣ με βάση το μέγεθος κατά τη διάρκεια της μέρας και της νύχτας σε ημιαστική περιοχή της Αθήνας έδειξε τη συσσώρευση της πλειοψηφίας των ενώσεων σε σωματίδια διαμέτρου <1,0 μm, με την αύξηση του ποσοστού υγρασίας των σωματιδίων κατά τη διάρκεια της νύχτας καθώς και με τη συμπύκνωση ενώσεων της αέριας φάσης εξαιτίας των υψηλών τιμών σχετικής υγρασίας να έχουν σημαντικό ρόλο στην κατανομή των ενώσεων. Επίσης, η καύση πλαστικών και βιομάζας, όπως φάνηκε σε αστική/βιομηχανική περιοχή της Αττικής, φάνηκε να ενισχύει σημαντικά τον σχηματισμό των SOA, ενώ παρατηρήθηκαν και υψηλότερα επίπεδα ανθρωπογενών SOA. Τέλος, μελετήθηκε η εποχιακή διακύμανση οργανοθειικών ενώσεων σε ΑΣ2,5 στην Αθήνα και την Πάτρα, με τα προϊόντα του ισοπρενίου να κυριαρχούν και στις δύο περιοχές.
Συστήματα Οργάνωσης Επιχειρησιακών Πόρων (ERP)
Authors: Κουριάτη Ασημίνα
Published: June 2021

Η διατριβή αυτή στοχεύει, αρχικά, στην παρουσίαση των χαρακτηριστικών εφαρμογής ERP (Συστήματα Οργάνωσης Επιχειρησιακών Πόρων) σε ελληνικές επιχειρήσεις επεξεργασίας αγροτικών προϊόντων και στη διερεύνηση των αντίστοιχων κρίσιμων παραγόντων επιτυχίας. Η διερεύνηση αυτή αποτελεί τη βάση για την αξιολόγηση τόσο των κρίσιμων παραγόντων, όσο και της επιτυχίας ERP από εμπλεκομένους με την εφαρμογή του συστήματος στις προαναφερθείσες επιχειρήσεις. Τέλος, μελετώνται και προσδιορίζονται οι σχέσεις των δύο παραμέτρων (κρίσιμοι παράγοντες και επιτυχής εφαρμογή), ώστε να εξαχθούν χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα περί της επιτυχούς εφαρμογής του συστήματος στον τομέα επεξεργασίας αγροτικών προϊόντων. Για την εκπλήρωση του αντικειμενικού σκοπού της παρούσας εργασίας, επιλέχθηκε η σχετική μελέτη σε επιχειρήσεις επεξεργασίας αγροτικών προϊόντων της Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας. Αρχικά, με τη χρήση της ανάλυσης περιεχομένου προσδιορίστηκαν οι κρίσιμοι παράγοντες επιτυχίας, και έπειτα ταξινομήθηκαν σε κατηγορίες σχετικές με τα χαρακτηριστικά της εφαρμογής ERP και τα στάδια ζωής του συστήματος. Στη συνέχεια, συστάθηκε το ερωτηματολόγιο της έρευνας και διεξήχθη η συλλογή των πρωτογενών δεδομένων, τα οποία, με τη χρήση ποικίλων στατιστικών αναλύσεων, εξετάσθηκαν προς εκπλήρωση των υπόλοιπων ερευνητικών σκοπών. Στην προκειμένη περίπτωση, τα χαρακτηριστικά της εφαρμογής των ERP συστημάτων στις αντίστοιχες επιχειρήσεις παρουσιάστηκαν με τη χρήση της περιγραφικής στατιστικής, ενώ η αξιολόγηση των παραγόντων έγινε με τις μεθόδους της Gray Relational Analysis και του ελέγχου Friedman. Η αξιολόγηση της επιτυχούς εφαρμογής έγινε, ομοίως, με τη μέθοδο της περιγραφικής στατιστικής και, τέλος, η σχέση των δύο εξεταζόμενων παραμέτρων (κρίσιμοι παράγοντες και επιτυχής εφαρμογή) μελετήθηκε με τη χρήση της ανάλυσης συσχέτισης (Correlation Analysis) και του μοντέλου δομικών εξισώσεων μερικών ελαχίστων τετραγώνων (PLS-SEM). Από την εφαρμογή των διάφορων στατιστικών αναλύσεων που προαναφέρθηκαν, προέκυψαν διάφορες διαχειριστικές προτάσεις σχετικά με την επίτευξη της επιτυχούς εφαρμογής ERP σε επιχειρήσεις επεξεργασίας αγροτικών προϊόντων της Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας.
Zur Entdeckung eines Faustkeiles und anderen paläolithischen Funden aus Bettingen
Authors: Braun Ingmar M. , Jagher Reto
Published: June 2021

In den letzten Jahren konnten in der Landgemeinde Bettingen dank zahlreicher Feldbegehungen mehrere steinzeitliche Siedlungsstellen lokalisiert werden, die ins Neolithikum datieren. Anlässlich des Baus des neuen Sendeturms auf der St. Chrischona wurde überdies ein Fragment eines Mammutstosszahns gefunden. Dies blieb bis 1990 der einzige paläolithische Fund aus der Gemeinde Bettingen. Damals fand der Verfasser auf einem Feld einen Levallois-Kern und 1998 einen Faustkeil - beides ebenfalls Zeugnisse aus dem Paläolithikum. Vor allem der Faustkeil ist von überregionaler Bedeutung, da er ein sehr seltenes Fundstück darstellt.

Die technologische Beurteilung des Levallois-Kerns von Bettingen konnte ein für die Levallois-Technik unorthodoxes Vorgehen nachweisen. Gut vergleichbare Parallelen zu dem in Bettingen angewandten Produktionsschema sind bis heute keine bekannt.
Zur Entstehung von Gehniveaus in sandig-lehmigen Ablagerungen
Authors: Rentzel Philippe , Narten Gesa-Britt
Published: June 2021

Ausgehend von zwei Experimentalreihen werden zuerst die Auswirkungen menschlicher Begehung auf sandig-lehmige Oberflächen vorgestellt. Die naturwissenschaftliche Auswertung der Versuche gestattet dabei Aussagen über Art, Intensität und Tendenz der Gefügeveränderungen in feuchten und trockenen Sedimenten.

Der zweite Teil der Arbeit behandelt gut konservierte archäologische Gehniveaus, deren Merkmale mit den Resultaten aus den Experimentalreihen verglichen werden.
Zur ehemaligen Michaelskapelle im Basler Münster
Authors: Reicke Daniel
Published: June 2021

Vor dem Einbau der neuen Münsterorgel wurde die Kuhn-Orgel von 1955 demontiert. Die Orgelempore - das Obergeschoss über der Eingangshalle -war in dieser kurzen Phase von März bis Juli 2002 für Unterhalts- und Erneuerungsarbeiten, aber auch für die baugeschichtliche Forschung zugänglich. Es handelt sich um den Bereich der ehemaligen Michaelskapelle.
Locally measured USLE K factor expands sustainable agricultural land in Palau
Authors: Oda Masato , Nwe Yin Yin , Omae Hide
Published: June 2021

From the viewpoint of sustainability, annual soil erosion should be controlled below an erosion level. Palau is an island in the Micronesia region of the western Pacific Ocean. The island receives heavy rainfall and has steep slopes, so 80% of the land is categorized within the most fragile rank (T factor = 1) in soil erosion. We tested several methods of preventing soil erosion on the land, with a slope of 15.4° (13.4°–17.3°), cultivated the land, planted sweet potatoes, and compared the amount of soil erosion. Surprisingly, there was no erosion at all in all plots (including control plots), although 24 rainfall events occurred and the USLE equation predicted 32 tons per ha of soil erosion in the cropping period. For the parameters of the USLE equation used in this study, only the K factor was not measured (cited from a USDA report). Namely, the K factor estimated by soil texture was larger than the actual value. Measuring the K factor in the fields can expand Palau's sustainable agricultural land.
Education and training to support physiotherapists working in dementia care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: O'Sullivan Trish , Foley Tony , McVeigh Joseph G. , Timmons Suzanne
Published: June 2021

Background: The care of people with dementia is of global concern. Physiotherapeutic intervention can be of benefit to patients with dementia. Physiotherapists can play a role in assessment, falls prevention, pain management and gait re-education. Dementia care forms a significant part of the workload of a physiotherapist. However, there is a paucity of evidence on what constitutes effective education and training for physiotherapists working in dementia care.

Objective: This scoping review aims to explore and map the evidence on education and training for physiotherapists working in dementia care.

Inclusion criteria: Studies that explore dementia training and/or education for physiotherapists or for multidisciplinary teams, in which physiotherapists have been included. Studies that explore student physiotherapy training will also be considered. Qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods studies, case studies and observational studies will be included.

Methods: This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched as part of this review include: Medline, SocINDEX, CINAHL and, PsycINFO, with no limitation on publication date. Google Scholar and Open-Grey will be searched for grey literature, limited to the first 100 searches. Titles and abstracts will be screened for inclusion and identified full texts reviewed independently by two reviewers. Data will be extracted using a draft data extraction tool based on the JBI data extraction tool. A chronological narrative synthesis of the data will outline how the results relate to the aims and objective of this scoping review.
Design and dynamics of electric rolling stock
Authors: Evstaf'ev Andrey , Maznev Aleksandr
Published: June 2021

The physical foundations, theory, principles of selection and calculation of the main parameters of spring suspension schemes are presented, the issues of fitting crews into curves, the dynamics of traction drive, the use of coupling weight and vibrations of electric rolling stock, and the design features of modern locomotives are considered.
For students and teachers, as well as anyone interested in this topic.
International Financial Reporting and Auditing Standards
Authors: Suyc Viktor , Vahrushina Mariya
Published: June 2021

The textbook is the basis for a number of courses taught at the Faculty of Economics of the Lomonosov Moscow State University and at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. The textbook reflects the main requirements of international standards for both financial reporting and auditing.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for undergraduates and postgraduates studying the disciplines "International Audit", "Practice of external and internal audit", "International Financial Reporting Standards", "International Financial Reporting Standards: advanced course", "Consolidated reporting: practice of application", "Corporate reporting: Practice of application". It can be used when teaching the course "Audit" in the bachelor's degree, as well as by students of the postgraduate education system who apply for the auditor's qualification certificate and the accountant's qualification certificate, since it meets all the relevant requirements. It will be useful for practical workers — auditors, accountants, financial managers, business leaders, financial consultants and experts.
Forensic economic expertise
Authors: Gadzhiev Nazirhan , Kiseleva Ol'ga , Skripkina Ol'ga , Konovalenko Sergey
Published: June 2021

The textbook contains five chapters that reveal the specifics of the discipline "Forensic Economic Expertise". The study of the material will allow you to master the theoretical and methodological aspects of forensic economic expertise, as well as to master the organization and methodology of certain types of expert research.
Meets the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the specialties 38.05.01 "Economic Security", 40.05.03 "Forensic Examination", as well as for specialists-auditors of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and practitioners in the field of control and audit and expert activities, auditors.
The Beginnings of Security Pedagogy
Authors: Danchenko Sergey
Published: June 2021

The monograph is devoted to the study of the problem of the formation and development of security pedagogy in the context of the philosophical understanding of the phenomenon of security. Based on the analysis of works devoted to the problems of human security, the most general theoretical provisions of this field of knowledge are determined. The actual problems of the science of safety are formulated, the concepts of "danger" and "safety" as philosophical categories are defined. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the scientific direction of life safety and safety pedagogy are presented. The didactic features are defined, the specific principles of safety pedagogy at the level of general education are highlighted. A methodological approach to teaching the basics of security is proposed. The results of the study of the application of the proposed approach are presented.
It is intended for researchers and practitioners in the field of life safety and security education.
Material resource management. Material and technical support (railway transport)
Authors: Cevelev Aleksandr
Published: June 2021

The textbook presents the theoretical and practical issues of the methodology of material and technical support, as well as the developing provisions of the academic disciplines "Material Resource Management" and "Logistics of supply" of railway transport. Such issues as the concept of strategic management, breakthrough transformations in the supply system, quality management, lean manufacturing, process approach, logistics analysis and cybernetics of business technologies, development strategies, management innovations based on the ARIS modeling environment, production inventory management in railway transport, and many others are considered in detail.
It is intended for students studying in the areas of "Management", "Economics", as well as for all those interested in the economics of railway transport and supply logistics. It will be useful for managers and specialists of JSC "Russian Railways".
Bisection of measures on spheres and a fixed point theorem
Authors: Crabb Michael C.
Published: June 2021

We establish a variant for spheres of results obtained in \cite{HK}, \cite{BBK} for affine space. The principal result, that, if $m$ is a power of $2$ and $k\geq 1$, then $km$ continuous densities on the unit sphere in $\mathbb R^{m+1}$ may be simultaneously bisected by a set of at most $k$ hyperplanes through the origin, is essentially equivalent to the main theorem of Hubard and Karasev in \cite{HK}. But the methods used, involving Euler classes of vector bundles over symmetric powers of real projective spaces and an `orbifold' fixed point theorem for involutions, are substantially different from those in \cite{HK}, \cite{BBK}.
Addictive use of digital devices in young children: Associations with delay discounting, self-control and academic performance
Authors: Schulz van Endert Tim
Published: June 2021

The use of smartphones, tablets and laptops/PCs has become ingrained in adults’ and increasingly in children’s lives, which has sparked a debate about the risk of addiction to digital devices. Previous research has linked specific use of digital devices (e.g. online gaming, smartphone screen time) with impulsive behavior in the context of intertemporal choice among adolescents and adults. However, not much is known about children’s addictive behavior towards digital devices and its relationship to personality factors and academic performance. This study investigated the associations between addictive use of digital devices, self-reported usage duration, delay discounting, self-control and academic success in children aged 10 to 13. Addictive use of digital devices was positively related to delay discounting, but self-control confounded the relationship between the two variables. Furthermore, self-control and self-reported usage duration but not the degree of addictive use predicted the most recent grade average. These findings indicate that children’s problematic behavior towards digital devices compares to other maladaptive behaviors (e.g. substance abuse, pathological gambling) in terms of impulsive choice and point towards the key role self-control seems to play in lowering a potential risk of digital addiction.