bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamified Virtual Environment and Interaction Design for Activities of Daily Living Training
Authors: Siqueira da Silva Isabel Cristina , Nesi Luan Carlos , Machado Viviane da Silva
Published: November 2021

Ludic games and gamification processes can extend functional skills in players as they integrate different intelligences and stimulate the cognitive, perceptual, and motor activities. Play can facilitate the work of occupational therapist since provides better cooperation of the patient, besides helping in its development, increasing its behavioral repertoire, mainly in the accomplishment of activities of daily living. This chapter addresses these issues, discussing the design of a gamified virtual environment that helps occupational therapists to develop the potential of children and adolescents with mild, moderate, and severe neuropsychomotor disorder. For that, the authors present an investigation of the use of a gamified virtual environment and interaction devices in the training of activities of daily living. As result, they note that games as assistive technology can encourage the integration of education, rehabilitation, and habilitation of people in situations of vulnerability and social risk, providing access and inclusion through playful and challenging activities.
Using Augmented and Virtual Reality to Improve Social, Vocational, and Academic Outcomes of Students With Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Kellems Ryan O. , Yakubova Gulnoza , Morris Jared R. , Wheatley Alex , Baer Chen Briella
Published: November 2021

Some individuals with disabilities are unable to work independently and often require additional instruction to complete basic tasks. To prepare students with disabilities for life after school, practitioners need to help them learn the skills necessary to live a happy, productive, and fulfilling life. Two technologies showing promise for such learning are augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applications. This chapter will discuss how AR and VR can successfully be used to teach academic, social, and vocational skills to students with disabilities, including research that has been conducted to date. Additionally, guidance is provided for teachers seeking to use AR and VR in classroom and community learning environments. The chapter will conclude with directions for further research and future applications of AR and VR with students with disabilities.
Advanced Applications on Bilingual Document Analysis and Processing Systems
Authors: Puri Shalini , Singh Satya Prakash
Published: November 2021

Today, rapid digitization requires efficient bilingual non-image and image document classification systems. Although many bilingual NLP and image-based systems provide solutions for real-world problems, they primarily focus on text extraction, identification, and recognition tasks with limited document types. This article discusses a journey of these systems and provides an overview of their methods, feature extraction techniques, document sets, classifiers, and accuracy for English-Hindi and other language pairs. The gaps found lead toward the idea of a generic and integrated bilingual English-Hindi document classification system, which classifies heterogeneous documents using a dual class feeder and two character corpora. Its non-image and image modules include pre- and post-processing stages and pre-and post-segmentation stages to classify documents into predefined classes. This article discusses many real-life applications on societal and commercial issues. The analytical results show important findings of existing and proposed systems.
The Language Use of a Bilingual Korean Teacher and Bilingual Korean Students in a Korean Heritage Classroom
Authors: Lee Chaehyun
Published: November 2021

Many Korean parents in the U.S. send their children to heritage Korean language schools so that they maintain and further develop Korean as they acquire English. It is, thus, worthwhile to investigate how a Korean teacher and Korean students (as emergent bilinguals) used Korean and English in a Korean heritage classroom. The chapter addresses two research questions: (1) How did the teacher use Korean and English to make her instruction comprehensible during discussions about multicultural children's literature? (2) To what extent were there differences in the two groups of students' (Korean-American and Korean immigrant) use of translanguaging in their oral responses? The findings show that the teacher uses both Korean and English to make her instruction comprehensible and to facilitate her students' participation in class discussions. The findings further reveal differences in the two groups of students' use of language in their oral responses to multicultural texts.
The Adventure of Raising Kids in Spanish and English as Non-Native Anglophone Families in Spain
Authors: Álvarez-Sotomayor Alberto , Hidalgo-Clérico Isabel
Published: November 2021

This chapter focuses on a minority childhood education-related phenomenon that is gaining presence in Spain: that of non-native Anglophone parents who decide to raise their children in both Spanish and English. The authors analyze these families' perceptions as regards the development of such linguistic raising model both before they started to implement it and during the process. Qualitative information gathered through in-depth interviews is analyzed. The narratives of the studied families (combining aspirations, desires and motivating rewards, on the one hand, and uncertainties, fears and obstacles, on the other) denote a profound sense of adventure in the way they live this educational process. Such sense of adventure must be understood in a context of a certain vacuum for these families as regards referents, guides, or models for them.
The Mirage of Truth
Authors: Díez-Garrido María , Calvo Dafne , Cano-Orón Lorena
Published: November 2021

Fact-checkers have grown recently, facing the decline of journalism and the acceleration of disinformation flows on the internet. Due to the recent scholarly attention to these journalistic outlets, some authors have pointed to diverse critics such as the political bias and the low impact of fact-checking initiatives. In line with the research approaching the weaponization of disinformation in politics, this chapter reflects on the instrumentalization of verifying practices as a fact to consider when studying fact-checking. The investigation applies a combined methodology to compare Bendita and Maldita initiatives. While the latter is internationally recognized as an entity of fact-checking, the second one arises as an imitation of it and lacks recognition and scholarly attention. Conclusions suggest that fact-checking implies more complex activities than refuting specific facts, while alt-right positions can instrumentalize fact-checking for political objectives. The authors call for the importance of definitions that exclude this type of misuse of verification.
ICT and PB Learning Combined for the Advancement of Intercultural Education
Authors: Pascoal Sara Cerqueira , Tallone Laura , Furtado Marco
Published: November 2021

This chapter intends to describe the case of the MIEC virtual exhibition as well as reflect upon the relevance of ICT, namely Google Arts and Culture, for the promotion of cultural heritage tourism. In this vein, the authors will first approach the issues of cultural tourism and ICT, exploring how virtual exhibitions and digitization have become an important tool to empower institutions and audiences. Secondly, the authors will present, discuss, and assess the project-based learning (PBL) activities, starting with the presentation of the platform, its advantages and disadvantages for learning and teaching. Then, the authors will analyze some of the results obtained from a pedagogical perspective by scrutinizing students' surveys and opinions. These results will also report on the research outcomes of the project, and an accountability of its marketing purposes will be proposed. The chapter will finally put forward the limitations of this ongoing project and intended future research, suggesting how similar projects can be implemented, managed, and assessed.
From Crisis to Vision
Authors: Bruce Alan
Published: November 2021

Higher education now faces the critical role of partnerships, linkage, and strategic joint ventures to achieve shared goals in a transformed external environment. This environment is itself shaped not only by the pressures of neo-liberal competition, but by a set of crises emerging from the contradictions that is producing greater levels of inequity and social division. It is in this context that the chapter evaluates the importance of global learning as a critical tool to understand, engage with, and potentially transform a globalized socio-economic environment and engage proactively with existing multiple crises. Academics and educators are now intimately connected to the need to articulate and demonstrate globalized learning models and reflective practice founded on explicitly international perspectives. Given the urgency, internationalization alone is insufficient to achieve transformation. A re-appropriation of purpose and values is also required within an emancipatory and social justice model that asserts human needs, not corporate efficiency.
Strategic Management of Higher Education Institutions in a European Context
Authors: Kuusisto-Ek Helena
Published: November 2021

This chapter explores the strategic management of European universities and aims to provide an overall picture of the focus of contemporary strategic research. Twenty-five articles are examined using the public sector strategic research framework. The review provides a fragmented and multidimensional picture of the strategic management and leadership of universities. It can be viewed from several different perspectives, and therefore, the emphases are also different. Additionally, this is a challenge for strategic leadership when considering strategic choices in the higher education sector. This literature review suggests that the changing environment of the higher education sector highlights the need for new processes and frameworks for universities. Despite comprehensive strategy work, higher education institutions have been unable to meet the challenges related to change. A more comprehensive understanding of strategic management theories, frameworks, and tools would give universities a stronger understanding of strategic leadership and its implications for future success.
A Post-Pandemic Strategy to Support Lifelong and Work-Integrated Learning
Authors: Mozelius Peter
Published: November 2021

Lifelong work-integrated learning is a key challenge in the growing knowledge society, with the Corona pandemic as a catalyst for technology enhancement. This chapter argues for the need of a post-pandemic strategy that rethinks not only the pedagogical aspect but also the technology enhanced and collaborative aspects of lifelong and work-integrated learning. The strategy that is presented in this chapter is based on the author's experience from the BUFFL initiative, a pilot project for industry development at banks and insurance companies through technology-enhanced lifelong learning. The recommendation is a strategy tailored for the target group that supports the work-integrated learning aim of academia providing useful theories for real-world tasks in the industry. Some important components in the strategy are 1) to extend pedagogy with andragogy and heutagogy, 2) the design of user-friendly hybrid environments, and 3) blended communities of practice.
Weapons of Mass Instruction
Authors: Okuyucu Aras , Yıldız Mete
Published: November 2021

This chapter reviews the literature on using movies/films for teaching public administration. Such a review is necessary due to the changing demographics of both the student body and the instructors, which necessitates the use of new pedagogical methods and the ubiquitous accessibility of the teaching materials via mobile computers on the internet. To this end, the chapter first reviews the literature then provides a few detailed specific examples of using movies/movie clips for instructional purposes in teaching public administration. Then, a general list of movies that can be used in public administration teaching is provided with a reference to the concepts that can be showcased by these films. Third, limitations of the existing literature on teaching public administration with movies are presented. And finally, areas for further research are discussed.
Communication and Social Dissonance
Authors: Trif Victorița
Published: November 2021

This chapter aims to identify the new patterns of communication generated by the COVID-19 crisis and to explain the mechanisms involved within remote communication. In this chronic crisis, the social context is distorted, and the communication map based on interpersonal relationships has been transformed in an imprecise mirror of conflicts without the possibility to solve the gaps of communication by the oldest tactics, principles, or communication techniques from the literature in the fieldwork.
Understanding Persuasion Mechanisms for Effective Communication in Online Educational Environments
Authors: Radulescu Camelia Marinela
Published: November 2021

This chapter aims at explaining the mechanisms of persuasion for effective communication in online educational environments. It starts by bringing awareness on the particularities of online educational environments and the psychological prerequisites of online studying. It tackles issues of digital skills as well as emotional intelligence abilities for online teaching, specific mindset and digital readiness, result expectations and assessment. Moreover, principles of microlearning and hybrid learning are explained as major approaches in online education. It then addresses issues related to technology-mediated communication with young ages vs. adults. It makes a brief analysis of mediated communication vs. direct communication in terms of adopted strategies according to age, adaptation of message, and feedback according to the online channel of factors affecting communication in online environments vs. face-to-face communication. Particular attention will be given to digital stress.
Authenticity in Literary Tourism Places
Authors: Çevik Samet
Published: November 2021

Author-related literary tourism places can create attractive elements for visitors who have an inner interest in the life stories of authors. Literary pilgrims place particular emphasis on authenticity level in literary sites. One of the attractive literary places in terms of authenticity, which is also Turkey's first literary museum, is Asiyan Museum where Tevfik Fikret lived between the years 1906-1915. In 2010, the museum underwent a comprehensive restoration. During this restoration, serious archive research was carried out and the house approached the original condition in the period of the 1910s. This study aims to examine the relationships between the authenticity of the place and the museum management mentality, research, and tourists' expectations by pointing out the prominence of authenticity in literary places. Using the interview technique, data were collected from the museum official in March 2018 on subjects such as the history of the museum, interpretation techniques, restoration works.
Perspectives on the Women Literary Travelers
Authors: Oliveira Ana Carolina Mendonça , Elicher Maria Jaqueline , Moreira Márcia C.
Published: November 2021

This chapter aims to analyze the novels Mrs, Dalloway (1925) and Quarenta Dias (2014) in the perspective of elucidating the view of the woman writer-character-traveller on the city, showing continuities and ruptures between the modern city and the contemporary city. Therefore, three paths of analysis are proposed: (1) the understanding of urban territories as a way of elaborating subjectivities and experiences; (2) the link between city and memory, place and identity; (3) the link between city and memory, place, identity, and gender. It was possible to verify that both in Mrs. Dalloway and in Forty Days, women have a central role in the construction of narratives about the city and that this is placed in a centrality-character.
Could Television Streaming Sites Lead the Charge for Film-Induced Tourism Post COVID?
Authors: Stewart Jennifer
Published: November 2021

By focusing on television film-induced tourists, this chapter will contribute to a better understanding of tourist behaviour in relation to motivations for travel to filming locations. The chapter combines, analyses, and critiques the main debates raised by key authors in relation to identifying the motivational factors that prompt site-specific film tourism as well as providing contributions from this author's 2016 research on television film-induced tourism in Ireland. The chapter is divided into the following sections: a brief history of film and television and a review and discussion on film tourism, a breakdown of the different categories of film tourist and a summation of the various motivations for television induced film tourism, followed by an insight into the concept of authenticity in film tourism studies and the use of technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality as a means to provide a more immersive experience post COVID-19.
Redesigning GE Language
Authors: Cronovich Paula , Mitchell Jacqueline
Published: November 2021

This case study delineates changes enacted in the cultural program for beginning-level Spanish language students at a private, faith-based university. Given the restrictions of the pandemic insofar as virtual teaching and learning, as well as the national and international context of racial strife and inequities, the instructors took the opportunity to utilize antiracist pedagogy in order to reach the goals of meaningful content and measurable student outcomes. One of the General Education learning outcomes demonstrates how well students understand the “complex issues faced by diverse groups in global and/or cross-cultural contexts.” Within the context of Latin America and the Latina/Latino experience in the United States, the assignments focus on the intersections of race and gender as they relate to cultural expressions, ensuring that the approach does not obfuscate contributions nor realities of people of color.
Spatial Justice
Authors: Lindquist Salvador
Published: November 2021

Marginalized communities around the world are disproportionately impacted by the distribution of unjust infrastructure and environmental conditions. However, through distributive, procedural, and restorative frameworks, it is possible to teach spatial designers to challenge, inform, and reshape the world toward a more just and equitable future. This chapter delves into the various themes developed as part of the “Spatial Justice” professional elective at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, which offers an interdisciplinary perspective on urban studies, urban design, and the roles that social, environmental, and ecological justice play in designing a more just and equitable urbanity. In this course, students explore critical urban theory, justice, counter cartographies, design activism, participatory systems, and spatial agency using alternative mapping methodologies to render legible latent sociospatial asymmetries.
Implementing a Critical Community of Practice Within a University-Based Teacher Induction Program
Authors: Hamilton Erica , Cain-Sanschagrin Ebony , Crawford Jenifer
Published: November 2021

This chapter describes the initial stage of implementing a critical community of practice within a university-based teacher induction program in Southern California. This case highlights how novice critical teachers work together to support one another, engage in problem-solving, and bridge theories to action to address challenges they face in their teaching. Implications for using critical community of practice in academic programs and professional programs to bridge critical theories to equitable practice are presented.
Toward the Promise
Authors: C. Latunde Yvette
Published: November 2021

Those in higher education stand on the cusp of an opportunity—an opportunity to fulfill the promise that higher education will provide access to liberty, freedom, resources, respect, ownership, and the ability to pursue happiness. The dominance of Eurocentric and Western knowledge, practices, beliefs, and perspectives in organizational leadership programs has yet to be disrupted. Consequently, many doctoral programs reinforce colonialism and White superiority instead of affirming and preparing students to work in a diverse and pluralistic society. This chapter presents some practical ways structural racism in higher education can be interrupted through a program overhaul and redesign to center justice and equity in all aspects of the program.
Beyond the Statement
Authors: Rivera Seema , Hoffman Claudia , Manierre Matthew , Boolani Ali
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to share the experiences, motivations, and reflections of the authors' efforts of establishing an antiracism institute at a predominantly white STEM university in a small, rural county in Northern New York. To accompany their perspectives, the authors interviewed faculty members involved in this process to identify their motivations and hopes for the institute, along with the challenges and difficulties. This chapter traces the trajectory, motivations, expectations, and challenges of establishing an antiracism institute in a predominately white STEM institution.
Cultural Humility as a Path to Equity in Higher Education
Authors: Keiffer-Lewis Veronica A.
Published: November 2021

Achieving equity in higher education involves more than just closing achievement gaps and mitigating the impact of historic oppression and underrepresentation. In this chapter, the author presents a framework for cultural humility as a pathway to equity for institutions of education, as well as an approach for the professional development of cultural humility practitioners. The cultural humility framework comprises four core principles as well as five transformational skills (i.e., dialogue, inquiry, self-reflection, conflict transformation, and identity negotiation). The chapter concludes with a discussion about how to implement this framework at both the classroom and institutional levels, as well as the implications of such training for achieving greater equity in higher education.
Patient-Telemonitoring After Revascularization Procedures in the Lower Extremities
Authors: Gumzej Roman , Fošnarič Lidija
Published: November 2021

Multidisciplinary cooperation of participating healthcare professionals, use of common standards in diagnostics, and clinical pathways in the treatment of vascular patients should provide for a higher-quality clinical practice. Using telemedicine, a more efficient way of obtaining specialist treatment is achievable. However, its introduction may raise safety and security issues, which originate from its enabling information technology. In this chapter, a model of patient-telemonitoring after revascularization procedures in the lower extremities is presented. A protocol for proper authentication and authorization to access medical equipment and patient medical records has been introduced. The associated clinical study has shown that most post-operative follow-up examinations can successfully be performed by trained nurses. Hence, improvements to healthcare logistics, mainly due to shortening waiting times for specialist treatment and the reduction of follow-up examinations on the secondary healthcare level, can be achieved using telemedicine.
Contemporary Perspective on Supply Chain Management Regarding Drug Sourcing Shortages
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: November 2021

Safeguarding the supply of drugs and satisfying the needs of patients is a strategic priority of any healthcare system especially in these pandemic times. The pharmaceutical supply chain is subject to many pressures including non-availability and shortage of requisite drugs. A drug shortage is a deficiency in the supply of medicines or products that affects the ability of a patient to get the required treatment in due time. The roots of drug shortages are multifaceted, varied, and the issue can be due to supply or demand. However, the situation affects almost every stakeholder in the healthcare system, which is why collaboration is a must to deal with drug shortages. Hence, adopting an exploratory and single-case approach of the largest public hospital in the context of Namibia, the objective of this chapter is to provide a contemporary perspective of supply chain management re drug sourcing shortages, analyze the causes of drug shortages, recommend measures to minimize the crisis, and suggest strategies for enhanced efficiency in drug supply.
Applying Total Costs of Ownership (TCO) to Examine the Best Logistics Providers
Authors: Subiyanto Effnu , Effnandya Annisa Farahmei
Published: November 2021

Further scientifically finding of total logistics costs model during execution the cement projects in Indonesia, the consecutive further tasks are how to examine the best logistics' provider to perform the logistics' works. This is the ultimate goal of this chapter. The methodology developed is by case study, elaborate techniques of focus group discussion (FGD), expert judgment (EJ), and enriched by the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) to obtain the best decision. The finding is the total costs of ownership (TCO) as the best tool to examine several considerations to select the best provider's candidates can be applied. Data as sources of this chapter are consolidated from the cement projects in Indonesia from 2010 to 2018. During the period, cement projects in Indonesia were rampant, and certainly, it demanded logistics providers. The TCO in practical fits during procurement-processes, it is also valuable during the selection of the logistics' providers. The TCO is fair enough as the best tool to build governance during procurement to avoid miss-discrimination-treated.
How accurately can you suspect endometrial carcinoma in PMB?
Authors: Ilukpitiya I. G. D. C.
Published: November 2021

Endometlial carcmoma is the second commonest gynaecological carcinoma worldwide, which is more frequently present as postmenopausal bleeding in early stages. Evaluation of endometrial thickness by 2D and 3D transvaginal ultrasonography, saline infusion sonography, MRI, blind and hysteroscopic guided endometiial biopsy are the investigations available to evaluate postmenopausal bleeding. Many studies has been conducted to assess and compare the accuracy of each investigation and found to have differences in sensitivity, specificity and predictive values on diagnosing endometrial malignancies. Therefore, systematic analysis of symptoms, risk factors and supportive investigations will give a better prediction of endometrial carcinoma in women presenting with postmenopausal bleeding.
Continuing professional development: reflective practice
Authors: Ekanayake C.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Laparoscopic transhiatal oesophageal diverticulectomy
Authors: Rodha Mahaveer Singh , Meena Satya Prakash , Soni Subhash Chandra , Sharma Naveen
Published: November 2021

Epiphrenic diverticulum is a rare abnormality of the distal oesophagus. Both thoracic and abdominal approaches are suitable for this diverticulum. A 46-year-old male presented with complaints of regurgitation and chest pain for 2 years. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the neck, thorax, abdomen and oesophageal endoscopy revealed 12 cm × 10 cm size large intrathoracic oesophageal diverticulum. He underwent an elective laparoscopic transabdominal oesophageal diverticulectomy. Gastrograffin study on the first post-operative day did not reveal any leak. In this case report, we are sharing our experience in the management of large epiphrenic oesophageal diverticulum through a laparoscopic approach. The benefits of the laparoscopic approach include decreased morbidity because we can avoid large thoracotomy or laparotomy incision.
Management of a huge intrathoracic goitre in a rural specialist hospital in Nigeria–Case report and review of literature
Authors: Okomayin AA , Dongo A , Tagar E , Odion C , Akerele M , Omosofe F
Published: November 2021

Retrosternal goiter is expectedly a common presentation in rural African communities due to long periods of neglect. The treatment of choice is surgical – commonly via a trans-cervical incision. A few require an extra-cervical surgical approach and multidisciplinary management as reported in this case performed in a rural specialist hospital in Nigeria.
Comparison of stapled versus stapleless sleeve gastrectomy with natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE)
Authors: Kirmizi Serdar , Kayaalp Cuneyt , Karagul Servet , Tardu Ali , Ertugrul Ismail , Sumer Fatih
Published: November 2021

Background:

Sleeve gastrectomy is a stapler dependent bariatric procedure. A stapleless sleeve gastrectomy can be necessary for certain circumstances.

Aims:

Here, we aimed to show whether laparoscopic stapleless sleeve gastrectomy with natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) can be an alternative procedure to stapled sleeve gastrectomy.

Patients and Methods:

In the stapleless group (n = 6), no staplers were used and after vertical resection of the stomach by energy devices, the stomach remnant was closed by two rows of intracorporeal sutures. The resected specimen was removed through the mouth using an endoscopic snare. In the stapler group (n = 7), sleeve gastrectomy was carried out with linear stapler under the guidance of 36 Fr bougie. The specimens were extracted from the left upper quadrant trocar site.

Results:

A total of 13 patients were compared (stapleless = 6 and stapled group = 7). All the sleeve gastrectomies were completed laparoscopically. The operative time was longer at 200 minutes (range 120-300) versus 120 minutes, (range 90-200) p = 0.07) and the amount of bleeding was higher at 100 ml (range 50-200) versus 30 ml (range 10-50) (p = 0.004) in the stapleless group. Leakage and gastrointestinal bleeding were seen in the stapleless group but no complications were found in the stapler group. No statistically significant difference was found between the metabolic outcomes of the two groups after the operation (p > 0.05). Decrease in BMI at similar rates was observed in 5 postoperative year (stapleless group: 35 kg/m2 (range 31-39) versus stapled group: 36.5 kg/m2 (range 31-39), p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic stapleless sleeve gastrectomy with natural orifice specimen extraction has longer procedure time, more blood loss and complications.
Etiology, pattern, and treatment of nose fractures
Authors: Juncar M , Tent PA , Juncar RI , Harangus A , Rivis M
Published: November 2021

Background:

Determining the etiology, epidemiology, pattern, and treatment of nasal bone fractures and the associated soft tissue injuries in a population will be beneficial for the prevention, rapid and correct diagnosis, and adequate management of this pathology in order to minimize postoperative complications.

Patients and Methods:

This study retrospectively evaluated the patients admitted and treated for nasal bone fractures in a university clinic of oral and maxillofacial surgery in Romania over a 10-year period. Following statistical analysis, evaluation and correlation of the monitored variables, a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Nasal bone fractures had the highest incidence among men (88.30%), aged 20–29 years (33.33%), with no education (33.33%), interpersonal violence being the main cause in this category of patients (P = 0.004; P = 0.005; P = 0.005). In urban environment (55.9%), nasal bone fractures through aggression and road traffic accidents were predominant, while in rural areas (44.10%), those caused by domestic accidents and animal attacks prevailed (P = 0.551). Nondisplaced (81.10%), closed (85.60%) and involving the nasal septum fractures (51.35%) were preponderant. Hematoma was the most frequent associated soft tissue injury (86.49%), its incidence being increased in the case of displaced (P = 1.000) and open fractures (P = 0.692). The most frequent treatment method was close nasal reduction (CNR) + closed septoplasty (51.35%). The most frequent complication was malunion (7.2%), secondary to CNR without septoplasty (P = 0.037).

Conclusions:

The main etiology of nasal bone fractures was interpersonal violence, which mainly affected men, aged 20–39 years, with a low level of education, living in urban areas. Implementing laws to fight interpersonal aggression and increase the education level of the population would lead to a considerable reduction in the incidence of this pathology. Patients treated by CNR + closed septoplasty and ORIF had the best postoperative evolution. Immediate septoplasty in the case of associated septal fractures significantly decreased the rate of postoperative complications.
Comparison of histopathological findings of the colon adenomas and adenocarcinomas with cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression
Authors: Ayerden D , Tayfur M , Balci MG
Published: November 2021

Background:

Cancer is one of the biggest health problems in the world. Colon adenocarcinoma is the third most common cancer and is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths. The majority of colon adenocarcinomas originate from a previous adenoma. Cyclin D1 expression and Ki-67 proliferation index increase as the risk of malignancy transformation increases in adenomas.

Aims:

This study aims to share the results of the Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 studies we performed in colon adenoma and colon adenocarcinoma cases in our hospital with the literature and contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of patients.

Materials and Methods:

Surgical materials of 40 colon adenocarcinomas and 40 colon adenomas were histopathologically re-evaluated. Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining were applied to these materials. Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 staining rates were compared in colon adenocarcinomas and adenomas.

Results:

Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 staining rates were increased in colon adenocarcinoma cases compared to colon adenoma. There was a significant difference between the colon adenocarcinoma and colon adenoma case groups in terms of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 staining scores.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, immunohistochemical markers such as Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 will be helpful in differential diagnosis when there is difficulty in evaluating routine Hematoxylin-Eosin stained preparations between adenocarcinomas and adenomas.
Comparison of anthropometric and conic beam computed tomography measurements of patients with and without difficult intubation risk according to modified mallampati score
Authors: Çenol D , Ö;zbag D , Dedeoğlu N , Çevirgen F , Toy Ş , Ö;getürk M , Köse E
Published: November 2021

Background:

The aim of this study was to compare the anthropometric and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements taken from risk-free and risky groups by using the modified Mallampati score (MMS).

Patients and Methods:

A total of 176 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 65 in four different MMS classes were included in the study. The patients in classes MMS I and MMS II were accepted as risk-free and the patients in classes MMS III and MMS IV were accepted as risky for intubation. The Mann–Whitney U test was performed on the data to compare the anthropometric and radiological measurements taken from the risk-free and risky groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to the parameters that had a statistically significant difference.

Results:

According to the analysis results, statistically significant differences were found in the neck circumference (NC), maximum interincisal distance (MID), thyromental distance (TMD) and sternomental distance (SMD) of the anthropometric measurements of men and women between the risk-free and risky groups (P < 0.05). In terms of CBCT measurements, the thickness of the tongue (TT), distance between the uvula and posterior wall of pharynx (U-Ph), distance between posterior nasal spine and nasopharynx (Snp-Nph) and length of the epiglottis (LE) were found to have statistically significant differences between the risk-free and risky groups of men and women (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The NC, MID, TMD and SMD anthropometric measurements and TT, U-Ph, Snp-Nph and LE radiologic measurements were found to support MMS, which is one of the most widely used bedside intubation prediction tests. In addition to the inclusion of CBCT for intubation prediction, U-Ph and Snp-Nph radiologic measurements were added as difficult intubation markers.
Clinicopathologic implication of PD-L1 gene alteration in primary adrenal diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Lee Ki Rim , Koh Jiwon , Jeon Yoon Kyung , Kwon Hyun Jung , Lee Jeong-Ok , Paik Jin Ho
Published: November 2021

Background: Primary adrenal (PA) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was previously reported as an aggressive subset of DLBCL, but its genetic features were not sufficiently characterized. From our previous study of DLBCL with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) gene alterations, we focused on PD-L1 gene alterations in PA-DLBCL with clinicopathologic implications. Methods: We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization for PD-L1 gene translocation and amplification in PA-DLBCL (n = 18) and comparatively analyzed clinicopathologic characteristics with systemic non-adrenal (NA)-DLBCL (n = 90). Results: PA-DLBCL harbored distinctive features (vs. NADLBCL), including high international prognostic index score (3–5) (72% [13/18] vs. 38% [34/90], p = .007), poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (≥ 2) (47% [7/15] vs. 11% [10/90], p = .003), elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (78% [14/18] vs. 51% [44/87], p = .035) and MUM1 expression (87% [13/15] vs. 60% [54/90], p = .047). Moreover, PA-DLBCL showed frequent PD-L1 gene alterations (vs. NA-DLBCL) (39% [7/18] vs. 6% [5/86], p = .001), including translocation (22% [4/18] vs. 3% [3/87], p = .016) and amplification (17% [3/18] vs. 2% [2/87], p = .034). Within the PA-DLBCL group, PD-L1 gene–altered cases (vs. non-altered cases) tended to have B symptoms (p = .145) and elevated LDH (p = .119) but less frequent bulky disease (≥ 10 cm) (p = .119). In the survival analysis, PA-DLBCL had a poor prognosis for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (vs. NA-DLBCL; p = .014 and p = .004). Within the PA-DLBCL group, PD-L1 translocation was associated with shorter OS and PFS (p < .001 and p = .012). Conclusions: PA-DLBCL is a clinically aggressive and distinct subset of DLBCL with frequent PD-L1 gene alterations. PD-L1 gene translocation was associated with poor prognosis in PA-DLBCL.
Polo-like kinase 4 as a potential predictive biomarker of chemoradioresistance in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Oh Hyunseung , Kim Soon Gu , Bae Sung Uk , Byun Sang Jun , Kim Shin , Lee Jae-Ho , Hwang Ilseon , Kwon Sun Young , Lee Hye Won
Published: November 2021

Background: Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) is a serine/threonine protein kinase located in the centriole of the chromosome during the cell cycle. PLK4 overexpression has been described in a variety of many common human epithelial tumors. Conversely, PLK4 acts as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor in some situations, highlighting the importance of strict regulation of PLK4 expression, activity, and function. Meanwhile, the importance of chemoradiation resistance in rectal cancer is being emphasized more than ever. We aimed to analyze PLK4 expression and the tumor regression grade (TRG) in patients with rectal cancer, treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT).Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 102 patients with rectal cancer who received preoperative CRT. Immunohistochemistry for PLK4 in paraffin-embedded tissue was performed from the biopsy and surgical specimens. Results: We found significant association between high expression of PLK4 and poor response to neoadjuvant CRT (according to both Mandard and The Korean Society of Pathologists TRG systems) in the pre-CRT specimens. Other clinicopathologic parameters did not reveal any correlation with PLK4 expression. Conclusions: This study revealed an association between high expression of PLK4 in the pre-CRT specimens and TRG. Our results indicated that PLK4 could potentially be a new predictor for CRT effect in patients with rectal cancer.
Effectiveness and Community Acceptance of Extending Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention to Children 5 to 14 Years of Age in Dangassa, Mali
Authors: Konaté Drissa , Diawara Sory Ibrahim , Keita Bourama , Sogoba Nafomon , Fayiçal Mahamadou , Guindo Agnès , Thiam Sibe , Traoré Sékou Fantamady , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Doumbia Seydou , Diakité Mahamadou
Published: November 2021

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) was adopted in Mali in 2012 for preventing malaria in children younger than 5 years. Although this strategy has been highly effective in reducing childhood malaria, an uptick in malaria occurrence has occurred in children 5 to 15 years of age. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of providing SMC to older children. A cohort of 350 children age 5 to 14 years were monitored during the 2019 transmission season in Dangassa, Mali. The intervention group received five monthly rounds of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine, whereas the control group consisted of untreated children. Community acceptance for extending SMC was assessed during the final round. Logistic regression models were applied to compare the risk of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection, anemia, and fever between the intervention and control groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to compare the time to P. falciparum parasitemia infection between the groups. The community acceptance rate was 96.5% (139 of 144). Significant declines were observed in the prevalence of P. falciparum parasitemia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.11–0.42) and anemia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.07–0.28) in the intervention group compared with the control group. The cumulative incidence of P. falciparum infections was significantly greater (75.4%, 104 of 138) in the control group compared with the intervention group (40.7%, 61 of 143, P = 0.001). This study reveals that expanding SMC to older children is likely feasible, has high community acceptance, and is in reducing uncomplicated malaria and anemia in older children.
Trastorno Depresivo Persistente y Trastornos de Ansiedad Generalizada Proveniente de un Estrés Post Traumático Crónico: Presentación de un Caso Clínico
Authors: Arredondo-Aldana Karina , Mera-Posligua Mauro Julio , Ponce-Alencastro Jhon Alexander
Published: November 2021

El trastorno depresivo persistente, es un trastorno afectivo crónico que permanece al menos por dos años en adultos y un año en niños y adolescentes. Los pacientes con este diagnóstico se pueden mostrar pesimistas, regularmente negativos, con bajo o nada sentido del humor, muy pasivos, retraídos, muy críticos hacia sí mismos y también hacia los otros. Los pacientes con este trastorno tienen probabilidades de presentar trastornos de ansiedad generalizada, el cual se caracteriza por presentar preocupación excesiva y continua por asuntos que son desproporcionados a lo que realmente se vive, se percibe constantemente un futuro amenazante, esto es difícil de controlar por la persona e interfiriere en su rutina diaria. Muchas veces estos trastornos pueden ser provenientes de otros enfermedades o trastornos, como, por ejemplo, del estrés post traumático que se desarrolla a raíz de haber vivido o presenciado un acontecimiento traumático como lo es una agresión sexual, estos pacientes a lo largo del tiempo no se sienten mejor, sino más bien estresados o asustados después de que la situación traumática haya concluido, en el siguiente caso clínico se presume que la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva fue desarrollada a raíz de un trastorno de estrés post traumático cronificado.

Palabras clave: trastorno depresivo persistente, ansiedad generalizada, estrés post traumático, terapia cognitivo-conductual.
Niveles de ansiedad en los ancianos durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19
Authors: Mera-Posligua Mauro Julio , Márquez-Fernández Luis
Published: November 2021

La ansiedad es una reacción fisiológica y psíquica que altera el estado mental al responder a estímulos externos o internos, manifestando intranquilidad, incertidumbre y excitación. Esta cumple un rol adaptativo en el ser humano, no obstante, cuando la reacción del individuo se desborda y no es proporcional a la intensidad del estímulo, se convierte en un trastorno psicológico. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad inferir los niveles de ansiedad presentes en la población de ancianos ecuatoriana, durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 causada por el virus del SARS CoV -2. El método utilizado para validar la investigación es el análisis estadístico descriptivo. Se identificaron los niveles de ansiedad presentes en los jubilados de la mancomunidad de Manta, Montecristi y Jaramijó durante esta pandemia mundial. Se utilizó el inventario de ansiedad de Beck para la detección de los niveles de ansiedad, el cual se fundamentó en un estudio de campo realizado de manera virtual. Los resultados reflejaron niveles de ansiedad leve y un considerable porcentaje de ansiedad moderada y grave. Por otra parte, se observó una mayor afectación en los niveles de ansiedad en el sexo femenino respecto a su opuesto.

Palabras clave: Ansiedad, pandemia, ancianos, vulnerabilidad.
Manifestaciones de ansiedad en docentes debido a confinamiento por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Monge-Cedeño Diana María , García-Cedeño María Leonila
Published: November 2021

Los docentes de la Unidad Educativa Fiscomisional Juan Montalvo, a raíz de la suspensión de clases presenciales por la pandemia del Sars- Cov-2, han continuado labores de manera virtual, y al igual que el resto de las personas, han tenido que afrontar acontecimientos vitales estresantes; tales como contagio por covid-19, pérdidas familiares y dificultades económicas. Situación que ha traído consigo la expresión de ciertas manifestaciones de angustia. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo cuantificar los niveles de ansiedad en la población descrita mediante el uso del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) y una encuesta sobre datos demográficos; instrumentos aplicados a 16 docentes del subnivel básica elemental y media de la mencionada institución educativa. Se hizo uso de una investigación no experimental de tipo descriptiva, obteniendo como resultado que, pese a las diversas calamidades presentadas por la población docente durante la pandemia, se evidencia en un alto porcentaje niveles de ansiedad que oscilan entre la categoría normal y moderada y dentro de los rangos en mención, una leve prevalencia de síntomas subjetivos sobre los síntomas somáticos. Se concluye que la baja incidencia de niveles de ansiedad en los docentes podría responder a varios factores protectores grupales que se implementaron desde el inicio de la pandemia; sin embargo, se recomienda implementar otro tipo de instrumentos tales como entrevistas individuales y otras escalas que permita conocer la particularidad de la sintomatología en los sujetos de estudio.

Palabras clave: Ansiedad; Sars- Cov-2; docentes.
Economic Analysis of a Pumped Storage Project for Iran Generating System Based on a Dynamic Modeling
Authors: Sohrabi A.R.
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a dynamic model for evaluation of a Pumped Storage Project (PSP) . The optimal expansion policy is determined by considering different alternatives (Types of units: Rodbar PSP(RPSP), Steam Turbine , 2 types of Gas Turbine and a Combined Cycle) . Based on this model dynamic assessment of different alternatives (over a 20 years period and with a target Loss Of Load Probability (LOLP)) provides economic justification for RPSP.