bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On some Semantic Differences between Verbal Forms of the Past Tense in the Albanian Language
Authors: Pinari  (Kallari) Alma
Published: July 2017

In the studies on Albanian verbal system, linguists do not share the same opinion about semantic differences among verbal forms of the past. In some juxtapositions of verbal forms of the past, linguists distinguish aspect meanings or nuances, which, according to them, characterize the action by its feature of finiteness / infiniteness. In the following article efforts argue the view that the distinction among forms of Albanian past has nothing to do with the aspect as a morphologic category, present in the Slavic languages. It elaborates the idea that the meanings or nuances acquired by forms of indicative past interacting with some context elements characterize not only realization of tense categorical meanings, but also several other meanings of aspectual but not aspect character. Aspectual phenomena (meanings) stand out in the functional level by interaction linguistic means of different levels.
The Benefits of Mandatory Health Insurance. The Institutional Approach in Albania
Authors: Memia Fjoralba
Published: July 2017

Albanian health insurance system is currently facing multifaceted challenges, standing in the way of meeting the Government’s commitment to provide basic health care to the entire population. Law no.10383, dated 24.02.2011” On compulsory Health care Insurance in the Republic of Albania”, is a major step in the process of redefining and expanding social health insurance in Albania. The Law establishes a Social Health Insurance Fund as autonomous legal person in charge of financing packages of services for social health insurance beneficiaries. Mandatory health insurance scheme as part of the social protection system has been set up in order to prevent and overcome social risks standing in the way of health care services financing. This research aims to make an analysis of the benefits in context of mandatory health insurance scheme, especially between the Compulsory Healthcare Insurance Fund and health service providers. The research also intends not only to provide a theoretical analyses of legal acts, but also presented some conclusions and concrete practical suggestions in terms of necessary changes.
The impact of Albanian schools in the Nation-building process
Authors: Hoxha Lulzim
Published: July 2017

Education is often perceived as an individual will of citizens to become part of the social edifice, in which they learn the history of their ancestors and their country despite of the political sphere. In this paper I’ll try to argue that not only education isn’t an independent category of knowledge, but also that the whole process of learning is marked and shaped by a given political goal, namely the construction of a solid social space which defines our political identity as members of a community. A further study of the historical contexts in which education gave birth to a unified social community will give an answer to the issue if education is a field deprived of any political argument but only objective truths, or if this field performs specific functions to unify a functionally divided society and its mission comes from outside the education system. This issue will be treated through a comparative analysis between two opposite scholars of nationalism such as Isa Blumi and Denisa Kostovicova. Firstly I’ll try to argue the impact of schools and mass education on the construction of national myths from the perspective of the contemporary theories of nationalism which will be explained in the discussion between the primordialist (learning has always existed and it contains historical truths despite of the political sphere with the final mission of nationally promoting mother tongue) and the instrumentalist (learning is shaped as a political instrument with a specific function) viewpoint.
Development of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Kosovo
Authors: Kupina Qefsere
Published: July 2017

Well functioning microfinance sector can contribute to the creation of the sustainable financial institutions of the country. An improvement in the microfinance institutions (MFIs) seems to have a positive impact in the lives of the people that able to work but is limited to banking service. The role and importance of the microfinance institutions have increased during the last decade. Large numbers of microfinance programs increased significantly in conflict affected environments, and in many cases become successful institutions. Kosovo is a good example, which indicates the role of MFIs in countries emerging from conflict. By the end of the war in Kosovo (1999) brought the emerging necessary needs for capital projects dealing with reconstruction for economic, social and political development. Therefore, financial support from large numbers of international and relief organizations was imperative for the overall situation in Kosovo. Expansion of the microfinance institutions' networks and improvement of their activities are important for the Kosovo financial system. Microfinance sector in Kosovo is well specified and regulated within their constitutional acts. The microfinance institutions’ goal as a development organization is to serve the financial needs of un-served and underserved markets as a means of meeting development objectives. Researching the current situation of MFIs in Kosovo, the aim of this paper is to describe the overall microfinance sector improvement to its establishment, thereby to provide some additional assessment for the studies in the future. It was stated that microfinance in Kosovo has found an adequate environment for development as well network expansion.
Global Crisis Financial Policies
Authors: Nimani Artan , Rezniqi Shpetim , Zeqiraj Valbona , Zogu Nevruz
Published: July 2017

The current crisis has swept the world with special emphasis, most developed countries, those countries which have most gross -product world and you have a high level of living. Even those who are not experts can describe the consequences of the crisis to see the reality that is seen, but how far will it go this crisis is impossible to predict. Even the biggest experts have conjecture and large divergence, but agree on one thing:- The devastating effects of this crisis will be more severe than ever before and can not be predicted. Long time, the world was dominated economic theory of free market laws. With the belief that the market is the regulator of all economic problems. The market, as river water will flow to find the best and will find the necessary solution best. Therefore much less state market barriers, less state intervention and market itself is an economic self regulation.
School Dropout and Socialization
Authors: Tarusha Florinda , Bilali Ornela
Published: July 2017

This research aims to contextualize, understand and deeply analyze school phenomenon and its effects in life and children socializing. The research aims to find out how children understand school dropout, how they interpret situations and which their perspectives for school and socializing are. Based on initial analyses for actual researches for school dropout in other places, it is noticed that most researches have been correlative and long-tongued; some of them have been assertive programs to prevent school dropout. These researches experiences are new for Albania. At the same time, it has been analyzed Albanian researches that are done by foreign and local organizations and it has been noticed that these researches do not go deep to the correlative factors, causes and long term influence of school dropout. On the other hand, at actual researches, it is studied only present factors for school dropout phenomenon, but it is not studied long terms factors for example: influence on socializing, kind of job, employment. All in all, this research is based on a holistic perspective of the phenomenon. The Research methodology used in the study is a qualitative research and it is based on these methods of collecting information: case study; interview; focus group; analysis of documents and materials in the field. There have been five crucial elements in research realizing procedure: Specifying research subjects; determining the sample; choosing instruments; creating the implementation plan; interpreting research findings; To gather information for school dropout and its dimensions, it has been identified pupils' group and interest group located in Elbasan district.
Teachers' Opinions on Teaching and Assessing Methods in the Life Science Curriculum in the Context of Values
Authors: Yaşaroğlu Cihat
Published: July 2017

This research aims to investigate teachers' opinions about teaching and assessing methods that predicted in Life Sciences Course Curriculum (LSCC) in accordance of value education. Survey model was used in this research to achieve this aim. The study population consisted of 155 classroom teachers who serve in city center of Bingöl province, Turkey. An assessment instrument consisting of two chapters and developed by the researcher was used to collect data. The first chapter includes personal information about participants and the second chapter includes items that try to determine recommended teaching and assessing methods in LSSC. Arithmetic means and standard deviation were used for data analysis. It was found that teachers rated teaching and assessing methods proper. It is wished that this study will be useful for teachers, curriculum development specialists and decision makers in education system.
A Breeze' of Cubism at the Reggio Emilia Schools: "Mirror Triangle"
Authors: Tokgöz İffet Aksoy , Tokgöz Akın Cem
Published: July 2017

Education and art movements, which are common development and evolution tools for societies, have been affected by communities as much as they have affected one another. This affection, continues in a supporting way for decades just as in the spring of 1945; Reggio Emilia Schools was started by the natives of the small village, called Villa Cella (located in 50 kilometers northwest of Reggio Emilia region), building a school for the infants, and gone well beyond being a socialist based dream of Malaguzzi becoming common pre-school institutions of the modern day. Just as Cubism which signifies the geometric objects which are able to present the topic with its different aspects simultaneously. The research, aims to reveal 'a breeze' of Cubism at the Reggio Emilia Schools as an example of "mirror triangle". As for the methodology, literature review orientated for the art movement and education; descriptive method of the non-experimental pedagogical research .
The Image and Perceived Quality of Universities as Important Dimensions for Building University Brand Equity -Case Study Involving Albanian Students
Authors: Hysi Vjollca , Shyle Irma
Published: July 2017

Research has shown that the probability of employment for individuals lacking proper qualification is four times smaller than that of those who possess proper qualification. Qualification helps people to occupy a decent job, that is to say a good paying job, with quality working conditions supplied by social and legal benefits and protection. A higher education degree is an investment in human capital however and in our country, the cost of this investment per individual is relatively high compared to the expected income. Since the investment to have a university degree is a rare purchase and for most students can be the first and last purchase, therefore the choice of university must be carefully evaluated which means that the image and the university's perceived quality can be the main selection criteria by students. Studies about brands, describe the impact of brand image through identification with the customer. This includes personal identification, where customers can identify themselves with some brands and therefore develop a level of fondness towards them. Therefore it can be suggested that people can enrich their image through the image of the brands they buy and use. Therefore, university students, as the most important group of interest are likely to identify their own self with the university they choose. Images of the university as a brand can be used by students to enrich their image, for example, students can begin to call themselves "boy / girl of X University". Andreassen and Lindestad (1998) have found that consumer retention is influenced by the image of corporate and consumer satisfaction. Within the context of a higher education, loyalty fostered by students can be furthered by the students' own perceived image of the university, as the observed quality of the university. This paper will attempt to treat the influence of perceived quality and image of the Albanian universities as the choice of study provided to Albanian students as well as the impact that these dimensions of brand equity impress upon Albanian universities.
Spatial Analysis of Adults Involvement in Education in Poland
Authors: Grześkowiak Alicja
Published: July 2017

Knowledge and competences play an important role in the development of the knowledge-based economy. Therefore, the idea of lifelong learning is a crucial element of development strategies. Various forms of learning may be distinguished, e. g. according to ISCED methodology formal, non-formal, informal and random ones. The participation rates in educational activities differ from country to country. Comparative analyses show that an unfavorable situation in this field can be observed in Poland. Despite many incentives and opportunities for continuous education, the percentage of people participating in trainings is one of the lowest in Europe. A vital question arises whether this issue shows spatial relationships when lower-level (regional) data are taken into consideration. The purpose of this paper is to determine if the educational processes in Poland show regional similarities or dissimilarities. The analysis is performed on the basis of variables characterizing lifelong learning activities at the regional level. Statistical methods taking into account the spatial position of the units are used in order to evaluate spatial relations.
The Albanian School Facing the Difficulties for an Education Close to the Needs of the Children with Special Needs
Authors: Duka Ambera , Tati Ermira
Published: July 2017

The inclusion in education, is defined as the most favorable mean that creates the equal opportunities in education for all the children, with or without disabled abilities. The increase of the number of children with special needs and especially with those with autism within the classes, but this is followed with new challenges for the teachers of the inclusive classes in the Albanian schools. The problems of the teaching task of the teachers in these classes are a lot, but to minimize them the teaching process worldwide is paying too much favorable space by analyzing and orientations to make these problems a bit slighter. This research aims to be an empirical survey, while from its nature and condition to be qualitative. For the collection of the datas and statistics are used observations, interviews and focus groups. And as for the target group are considered the classes and the teachers that have in their members students with autism.
Factors Influencing the Appearance of Teaching Anxiety to Student Teachers
Authors: Bilali Ornela , Tarusha Florinda
Published: July 2017

Student teachers who are involved in pedagogical practice during teaching experience anxiety. Anxiety of teaching is influenced by a number of factors that are associated with specific characteristics of learning situations. The aim of the study was to determine the factors that influence the birth of anxiety to student teachers during teaching. Participants in this study were students of the Faculty of Education, "Alexander Xhuvani" University, enrolled in programs of study: "Elementary Teacher" and "Preschool Teacher". Resulted that the teaching anxiety to student teachers influenced by a number of factors that are associated with specific characteristics of learning situations as: teaching planning, ability to analyze problems of learning, class management, assessment of students, public speaking. Teaching observation from mentor teacher, lecturer, students of course, was a factor that intrigued most students.
Rediscovering Nationalism
Authors: Llunji Venera
Published: July 2017

Different events which happened in Europe made not only Europeans but people all over the world think that the efforts for creating a unified Europe, and a global village is threatening national identities and livelihoods. Although globalization is considered as a buzzword of modern era, nationalism, too, is very much alive in its own way. Nationalism is not only expected to persist but also increase and intensify in response to and in opposition to forces of globalization. Thus according to Anthony Giddens, “the revival of local nationalisms, and an accentuating of local identities, is directly bound up with globalizing influences, to which they stand in opposition.”(Giddens, 1994:5).Therefore this paper will try to answer the question: Is there a link between nationalism and globalization? Can these two forces be complementary rather than contradictory? Is their existence a battle of winners and losers? The paper will shortly see the pros and cons and the implications of these forces in modern societies.
Albanian Teachers’ Approaches to Classroom Management
Authors: Aksu Nihat
Published: July 2017

One of the key elements in having an effective teaching and learning atmosphere goes through classroom management. On the other hand, different needs brought different approaches and strategies to solve the broad area of classroom management. The 21st century classroom managements require quite complex approaches. In this article it is aimed to present strategies used by teachers in classroom management. The researcher anonymously surveyed 45 teachers who were teaching in private institute in Tirana were asked to complete the Incredible Years Teacher Strategies Questionnaire (TSQ) section A and section B only to measure classroom management behavior and the frequency of use of five teacher strategies: praise and effectiveness, proactive strategies, limit-setting, total positive approaches, and inappropriate strategies. The variables such as gender, years of experience, and age that may influence teachers’ classroom management strategies and confidence are discussed. After analyzing the data, it was revealed that male and female teachers differ in terms of coaching, praise and incentives, proactive strategies, and social - emotional teaching strategies they employ. The results indicated that there was no relationship between years of experience and coaching, praise and incentives strategies and proactive strategies. Only there was a relationship between years of experience and social - emotional teaching strategies. However, they differed in terms of age, teachers in age group of 45-54 are better at coaching, praise and incentives, proactive strategies, and social - emotional teaching strategies. By analyzing the data, the results indicated that a solid half of the study’s participants were not using positive classroom strategies and lack of these classroom management strategies were also causing use of inappropriate classroom management techniques.
Challenges of Self-Management Techniques in Providing Better Classroom Settings
Authors: Yılmaz Sadullah
Published: July 2017

One of the key elements in having an effective teaching and learning atmosphere goes through classroom management that has gone through series of innovations, from animal leathers used to store data, cave walls used for talents and other purposes; to the alleged digital age, with digital tablets, touchpads, smart boards, special schools with utmost utilities serving both teachers and students spreading all over the world. Moreover, internet oriented education is widening the concept of school to anywhere, anytime. Nevertheless, different needs brought different approaches and strategies to solve the problems of classroom management. The 21st century self-management techniques require quite complex approaches. In today's world technological devices are part of everyday life as our needs brought us to overcome difficulties as well as making life easier. We started education on clay tablets, and had blackboards, then white boards, and now we are getting back to tablets, but this time multitasking digital ones. Smart boards, labs, and multimedia rooms are now serving educational purposes. Thus, in this article, together with aforementioned innovations, it is aimed to present some better ways that may help overcome today's challenges of classroom management in terms of self-management techniques. The set of 10 principles suggested by Thomas J. Zirpoli is dredged up to shed light on the issue or help instructors to develop their own techniques within the process of classroom management. The vitality of students' study skills and secure attachment are perceived in regard with redemption of overwhelming challenges of self-management techniques.
Students’ Educational and Occupational Aspirations Predicted by Parents’ and Adolescents’ Characteristics
Authors: Uka Ana
Published: July 2017

Education plays a significant role in the future of young people. Education is considered as an essential tool that facilitates the decision making process on one’s future career. The objectives of this study were to examine whether there are gender differences on students’ educational and occupational aspirations as well as whether parents’ and young’s characteristics predicted students’ educational and occupational aspirations during their high school studies. The survey was completed by N=160 where (N=64, 40%) were male and (N=96, 60%) were female students studying in private and public high schools in Tirana and Elbasan known as main cities of Albania. Scale reliability was measured which showed that Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is .962. By using a T-test analysis, the results showed that males were not significantly different from females on educational and occupational aspirations (p=.88). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the best linear combination of gender, age, parents’ educational level, and parents’ occupational level for predicting students’ educational and occupational aspirations. Results showed that the combination of these variables did not significantly contribute to the prediction of students’ educational and occupational aspirations, F(4,142)=1.09, p=.36. Among all variables entered in the analysis, it was found that only parental educational level almost significantly contributed to the prediction where p=.056. It is recommended that more research need to be done to explore the impact of other family and child characteristics on students’ educational and occupational aspirations.
State of the art of VET systems in Albania and Kosovo - Observations and Comparisons
Authors: Cullhaj Salian
Published: July 2017

Like many other countries in the world, South East European and Balkan countries are experiencing a changing economic and social context, tinged by the effects of globalization, that includes rapid technological change, economic interdependence, a move towards free market economies, international migration movements, increasing calls for public accountability, and aspirations to active citizenship. More than ever, VET systems are expected to fulfill a dual role in supporting sustainable development. Their economic role is to support growth and competitiveness by providing relevant and high-quality skills; their social role is to contribute to inclusive societies by educating young people and enabling adults to gain additional skills, and by providing them with the key competences and values needed to ensure their employability and active citizenship. The countries selected to be introduced in this document are Albania and Kosovo. We will have a close look in their socio-economic and political backgrounds by sketching their dynamics, good practices as well weaknesses and challenges, priorities and future aspirations. They have both similarities, common aspect and correlations with each other, as well as specific contexts, individual features and differences. For example Albania is a post-communist country and similarities are to be found in terms of former centralization and planned economies with a former Yugoslav country like Kosovo. The last one is consider post-conflict country and despite that, has also inherited several common features from the previous common system yet particular in its national backgrounds. Albania is a candidate country for EU accession, Kosovo have submitted its official request to become such. The common walk that both countries have done or will still do towards the EU Integration and their efforts for enhancing the role and effectiveness of VET remains the main subject unifying them.
Biographical Narratives in Teaching: a Study of Professors on Postgraduate Courses
Authors: Silva Ana Maria Costa , Aparício Miriam
Published: July 2017

Literature and research have shown that professional development constitutes an essential dimension in constructing both work and professional identity. An important aspect in such development is training. In the field of adult education, different authors (Pratt, 1993; Mezirow, 1985; Schön, 1996; Silva, 2007) emphasize the importance of placing trainees at the center of the learning and cognitive processes and within their corresponding social and historical contexts. Training is supported by a comprehensive adult learning theory. Therefore, the acquired knowledge is not only the result of an external and objective reality but also of a complex construction in which the appropriation of experience plays a relevant role. This paper reveals the findings obtained through biographical narratives in a five-year work program with teachers at different levels (from pre-school to higher education) on postgraduate courses. The core issue is the importance of biographical narratives, as an identification strategy for personal experience, knowledge construction and professional identity. This strategy provided the opportunity for recognition of practical experience, as a provider of learning, as well as his/her own authorship, which are important conditions in the understanding of professional identity.
A New Pathway towards Retirement Preparation: Integration of Holistic Life Planning
Authors: Ibrahim Dayang Kartini Abang , Wahat Nor Wahiza Abdul
Published: July 2017

This is a concept paper to review the needs of holistic life planning as a new pathway towards retirement preparation. It is based on the review of literature on the importance of this knowledge to fulfil individual successful planning and preparation for retirement. It includes the review on a planning process theory by Friedman and Scholnick (1997) which provides the basis for generation of retirement preparation. Meanwhile Hansen’s Integrative Live Planning (ILP) theory is embedded within the theoretical framework to help better understanding on the domains of planning and preparation for retirement. The purpose is to develop a theoretical model for measuring employees’ retirement preparation in government organizations. The primary problem in retirement preparation is the lack of theory to show the development of retirement preparation process. Although prior research has theories explained on retirement thoughts, behaviors, attitudes or goals undertaken to fulfill the retirement preparation, none of it measures applied in the studies were established to directly test the theories according to the process and development of retirement. According to the process theory, individuals acquire an understanding of the problem, goals will be set in making a decision to start preparing and finally behaviors is considered necessary to fulfil the goals (Noone et al., 2009). This raises intriguing questions: What factors influence retirement preparation? Which stages in retirement planning and preparation require intervention and support? (Noone et al., 2009) Which domain in life is significant to retirement preparation? The theory is discussed throughout the paper in the context of the needs of retirement preparation. This paper would be useful for policy makers, practitioners and employees in considering their own retirement preparation for future well- being.
The Administration of Corporate Social Responsibility in the District Regulation in Indonesia
Authors: Fajar Mukti
Published: July 2017

In Indonesia, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is corporate activity that is regulated by the law. By means of the Investment Law No.25 year of 2007 and the Limited Liability Company Act No. 40 year of 2007, it is regulated that every company in Indonesia is obliged to implement CSR. However, these regulations are not set technically; therefore some local governments have made guidelines for the implementation of CSR through the District Regulations. The problems of this study are: (1) how is the CSR regulation model in the District Regulation? (2) What are the company’s attitude and the company’s request towards the CSR regulation in the District ? This study uses normative law research method that examines the provisions of the law, as well as empirical legal research method that used to observe the behavior and the attitude of the government and corporate actors. This research took place in several provinces in Indonesia.The results of this research are: First, the CSR regulation in regional area is formulated based on local government authorities. The provisions of these district regulations are customized to the interests of each region, although it still normatively refers to the standard legislation. Second: The Company’s attitudes prefer the self-regulated regulations arranged by their respective companies. Additionally, the setting of CSR can make the arrangement of CSR activities in accordance with the District Government program; as a result it can speed up the community development.
Show Me a Perfect Teacher. Triangulation of Methods: Content Analysis of Focus Interviews and Analysis of Visual Materials Prepared by Students of Public Schools
Authors: Romanowska Ewa Jurczyk , Gandecka Kamila
Published: July 2017

In 1912 Jan W?adys?aw Dawid published his idea of a teacher’s personality in Polish pedeutology in a book titled “O duszy nauczycielstwa” [“On the spirit of teaching”]. Therein he proposed that the decisive factor in the work of a teacher is substantial knowledge of psychology and pedagogics. In his idea of the “spirit of teaching” J.W. Dawid presented an image of a perfect teacher-educator, with the fundamental assumption that “in no occupation does the human factor have as high an importance as in teaching”. On the 100th anniversary of the dissemination of the conception research on the contemporary interpretation of the “spirit of teaching” and the perfect attitude of a teacher-educator was conducted. The research was carried out in Polish state schools, and the research subjects were students concluding a stage in their education (early school education, primary school, gymnasium, lyceum). The scientific investigation was conducted according to the interpretative paradigm and it was based on two methods: qualitative analysis of focus interviews and analysis of visual materials created by the research subjects. The paper presents conclusions drawn from the triangulation of the methods used in this research.
Gender and Social Competence of Younger Students
Authors: Bajer Hewilia Hetmańczyk
Published: July 2017

The author found it interesting to check the level of expression of gender differentiated social competence among students of early school age. In this case, four factors constituting social competence were taken into account, namely learning motivation, antisocial behaviour, social inhibition and socialization. The data was provided by the results of the second part of the "Student Behaviour Sheet" drawn up by B. Markowska. The research was part of an experiment conducted among a group of 36 primary school third grade students, of which there were 19 (53%) boys and 17 (47%) girls.
The Impact of Alkaloids Structures from NaturalCompounds on Public Health
Authors: Cadar Emin , Tomescu Aneta , Erimia Cristina Luiza , Mustafa Alef , Sîrbu Rodica
Published: July 2017

Alkaloids are organic heterocycle substances with nitrogen, of plant origin, with basic character, arising from the secondary metabolism of plants, which give characteristic reactions and exert an effect on animal bodies, most often of a toxic nature. Alkaloids have at least one atom of heterocycle nitrogen, in which case it is often tertiary, less frequently quaternary. The heterocycles can condense among themselves or with other cycles in such a way that alkaloid molecules may become poly- or macro-cycles. Alkaloids are classified on both the criterion of chemical structure, as well as based on their origin. Thus, the known alkaloids are divided into the following categories: derivatives of pyridine, derivatives of pyrolidine, derivatives of tryptophan, derivatives of quinolone and izoquinolone, derivatives of phenetylamine, indole derivatives, derivatives of purine, terpenes, and derivatives of betaine with quaternary nitrogen.This work presents the structures, location in natural compounds, as well as data pertaining to the extraction, identification, metering, and purification for various compounds, such as coniine, nicotine, atropine and cocaine, morphine and codeine, quinine, papaverine, strychnine, and caffeine.The effects these substances have on human health are highlighted.
Health Care Human Resources’ Planning and Programming Act as a Necessary Tool for the Effectiveness and Strengthening of the Health Care Sector
Authors: Saiti Anna , Mylona Vasiliki
Published: July 2017

The efficient planning and programming of human resources has a number of benefits for the organization, such as improved workforce management policies. Indeed, maintaining a healthy population has a positive impact on the productivity and competiveness of a country but it very much depends on the sustainability of the health care system and hence on the efficiency and effectiveness of its health care units. Health workforce planning and programming is a challenge for health care decisions makers as they aim to satisfy the needs of the system and secure a sufficiently sizeable health care workforce (medical doctors and nurses) in every geographical area and type of hospital. In the last five years, due to the severe economic crisis, the public health care sector in Greece has experienced a number of negative implications such as a freeze on the recruitment of health care employees, workforce imbalances, a reduction in health care expenditures and the merging of health care units. Based on the above, this study investigates the level of satisfaction of the health care workforce regarding human resource planning and programming in Greek health care units. Moreover, this study examines whether or not the personal characteristics (such as age, etc.) of medical doctors and nurses have any impact on their attitude. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to policy makers for possible improvements to the system.
"Gender Game" on the Field of Russian Jurisprudence
Authors: Nikolaevna Tarusina Nadezhda , Alexandrovna Isaeva Elena
Published: July 2017

Equality of opportunities is the most important aspect of the general principle of equality, which is currently, received almost universal acclaim. This is one of the most fundamental principles on which democratic society is based. It is enshrined in international instruments, national constitutions and laws. However, despite significant progress in this topic, there is inequality between men and women. The article presents main study areas of the theory and practice of jurisprudence in the context of gender - with an emphasis on gender studies in specific areas of legal science; the importance of gender in the mechanism of legal regulation of social relations in the constitutional, administrative, criminal, labor, and family law, since this factor plays a more active role in these branches of Russian law and legislation. The authors come consider that ideas and solutions concerning the legal regulation of relations with the gender element are contradictory it its basis; complex, not always justified, interaction rules and practices, that include positive discrimination and gender neutralization.
Domestic Crime – A Sociological Analysis
Authors: Muça Valbona
Published: July 2017

After ‘90 years we have often heard and read in social networks for different cases of domestic violence, which in most cases have ended with the murder of one of the couple. Mostly, women are victims of domestic violence. Murder cases have increased, where parents murder their child or the opposite. Different researchers and as a sociologist, psychologist and criminologist or have attempted to study the nature of crime in the Albanian family, have given their opinions to explain the increase of crimes. This article will reflect an explanation of the causes of factors leading to crime to one spouse. It also reflects the way in which treated and protected by law, which in different societies treatments are different laws. Crimes in pairs which can occur because of jealousy, passion or for crimes for honor issues are not peculiar only in Albanian society but are prevalent in all societies.
Touristic Infrastructure Development in the Context of Increasing a Town Space Attractiveness
Authors: Kaźmierczak Bartosz
Published: July 2017

The topic of the paper is an attempt to find a research tool in order to find the answers to questions about the proper directions of development of tourist infrastructure and functions in small towns. How to define the relationship between the existing natural and cultural values and needed touristic infrastructure? Where are the best areas in town for the implementation of tourist infrastructure? With what planning tools it is possible to forecast the possible barriers of development? The students of the Faculty of Architecture at Poznan University of Technology were trying to find the answers to these and other questions were and there is presented the outcome of this research.
Measures to Protect Patient Rights by Monitoring the European Pharmaceutical Market
Authors: Erimia Cristina Luiza , Sîrbu Rodica , Cherim Melat , Paris Stelian
Published: July 2017

The pharmaceutical sector is vital to the health of European citizens, who must have access to innovative, safe and affordable medicinal products. The operation of the pharmaceutical sector at Community level is based on four dimensions: regulation, integration, competition and innovation. Given its importance for health services, the existing regulatory framework in this area should not include unnecessary regulatory constraints restricting and limiting competition. Considering this fact, this article analyzes the existing control in competition law on the pharmaceutical market achieved at EU level. Currently, the free movement of goods is regulated by many policies and harmoniously fits within a responsible domestic market, which guarantees the unimpeded access to high quality products and provides a high degree of protection of other objectives of public interest. Given the fact that medicinal products are commodities, this article examines how, by monitoring the pharmaceutical market, patients are guaranteed the right to high quality medicines. This paper also aims to present the complex mechanisms of the pharmaceutical sector that have undergone a careful and consistent analysis both the European Commission and the Competition Council.
Interpretation of the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy in the Nonproliferation Treaty
Authors: Lecaj Mentor
Published: July 2017

The peaceful use of nuclear program, nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament are the main pillars of the NPT. These three key treaty elements are closely related one to another. The purpose of this article is to explain the necessity of export controls now, who established as international norms, the balance between the use of nuclear material and security from danger activities and noncompliance with international security measure regime. The methodology to be used in this paper, it will be analysis of literature and interpretative methods of international legal acts and declarations of states representatives which are involved in resolving nuclear international issues. Taken in consideration the existing literature on this issue, this paper modestly will fulfill the scientific gap in terms of interpretation of use of nuclear peaceful energy in NPT.
Predictors of School Safety Awareness Among Malaysian Primary School Teachers
Authors: Ssekamanya S.A. , Badzis Mastura , Ismail Khamsiah , Bt Abduludin Dayang Shuzaidah
Published: July 2017

With rising incidents of school violence worldwide, educators and researchers are trying to understand and find ways to enhance the safety of children at school. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which the demographic variables of gender, age, length of service, position, academic qualification, and school location predicted teachers’ awareness about school safety practices in Malaysian primary schools. A stratified random sample of 380 teachers was selected in the central Malaysian states of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. Multiple regression analysis revealed that none of the factors was a good predictor of awareness about school safety training, delivery methods of school safety information, and available school safety programs. Awareness about school safety activities was significantly predicted by school location (whether the school was located in a rural or urban area). While these results may reflect a general lack of awareness about school safety among primary school teachers in the selected locations, a national study needs to be conducted for the whole country.
Physical Activity of Young Persons and Importance of Involvement of Parents to Increase Their Performance
Authors: Elmazi Rovena , Plasa Migena
Published: July 2017

Game and physical activity are the main tools for children to learn because they learn quickly through personal experience and multi-sensor teaching methods which encourage their natural sense of curiosity. Game, in all its forms, presents numerous possibilities for interaction of children with persons and objects in real and imaginary situations. Small children must have a committed specialist to interact even with the parents. In this way children will try hard to improve what they know better by helping and inspiring them as a way promoting interest and will to continue learning. Scholars consider quite positive the involvement of parents in the learning process because parents are constantly informed of the situation and progress of their children. This applies even to the classes of physical education and training sessions in all sports disciplines where teacher- parent cooperation would strongly affect the improvement of their children performance. By knowing better the specifics of sports activities and its role in their psycho-motor development, there have to be used all the possibilities to encourage children to be involved in sports activities and there have to be found all the possibilities to increase their performance. From ower experience as teacher of physical education, trainer of young ages and professional basketballer I have learned that involvement of parents and cooperation with them is extremely useful and this is the reason why I have elaborated further on this topic. An ideal environment for the children is a teaching environment of work flow, high quality and careful programme planning.
Applying Sociological Knowledge to Produce Positive Social Change. - New Forms of Employment and the Case of Flexicurity
Authors: Nagopoulos Nikos , Rontos Kostas
Published: July 2017

This paper considers flexicurity as a potential strategy to improve labour market, especially in times of economic crisis. Flexicurity is defined as a grated strategy aimed at simultaneously improving a) flexibility and security in the labour market b) social cohesion at a time of intense social changes with lack of social protection and instability c) flexible and reliable contractual arrangements (FCA) d) comprehensive lifelong learning (LLL) strategies e) effective active labour market policies (ALMP); and Modern social security systems (MSS). Thereafter, the paper presents a state of the art regarding the typologies of the flexicurity concept. Based on the state-of-the-art, and in order to explain the different levels of flexicurity strategies among EU member states, the authors suggest the criteria of examining and analysing the features of the good examples of flexibility policies at the regional and local level of EU. Based on those criteria, the authors then develop a typology of flexicurity initiatives. The specific characteristics of those initiatives are analysed. Finally, a discussion about the types of regions for application is taking place
Institutional Performance in Albania Regarding Social Protection Policies
Authors: Proda Anisa
Published: July 2017

Albania is often considered ''the most difficult case'' of regime change compared to other ex-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The long way, often too hard and chaotic, towards democracy and market economy put the country into a disadvantageous situation in comparison with other ex-communist countries because of the limited progress in these directions. Structural changes in Albania before and after the 90's are extraordinary. Now Albania is in a European integration phase, which means there's a series of standards to accomplish and political-economic challenges to be faced. In the first part, this paper will give a chronological view of social protection policies in Albanian going through the major historical phases such as communist regime and pluralist regime period. In the second part, our main focus will be the change in political regime and its consequences which dictated the need for new social protection policies. The inclusion policy or the policy of social protection in Albania is a component of a greater general frame named National Strategy for Development and Integration (SKZHI) 2007-2013, which brings in a single document the perspectives of social and economic stable development, in the framework of the integration in the UE and realization of the Millennial Objectives (SKZHI, 2008).The main social groups and social fields treaded by the policy documents such as National Strategy on Development and Integration, National Strategy on Social Protection, National Strategy on Social Inclusion will be explained. In the third part, social security and health care policies and institutions will be treated concluding with some findings from the empirical research.