bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of a novel DNA aptamer against OFA/iLRP for targeted delivery of doxorubicin to AML cells
Authors: An Yacong , Hu Yan , Li Xundou , Li Zhaoyi , Duan Jinhong , Yang Xian-Da
Published: May 2019

The standard treatment for most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is chemotherapy, which is often associated with severe adverse effects. One strategy to reduce the adverse effects is targeted therapy that can selectively deliver anticancer drugs to tumor cells. Immature laminin receptor protein (OFA/iLRP) is a potential target for AML treatment, because it is over-expressed on the surface of AML cells but under-expressed in normal tissue. In this study, we developed the first aptamer for OFA/iLRP and explored its potential as a targeting ligand for delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) to AML cells in vitro. The selected aptamer (AB3) was a 59-base DNA oligonucleotides. It bound to OFA/iLRP structure with a Kd of 101 nM and had minimal cross-reactivity to albumin, trypsin, or ovalbumin. Moreover, AB3 could bind to OFA/iLRP-positive AML cells but not the OFA/iLRP-negative control cells. An aptamer-doxorubicin (Apt-Dox) complex was formed by intercalating doxorubicin into the DNA structure of AB3. Apt-Dox selectively delivered Dox to OFA/iLRP-positive AML cells but notably decreased the drug intake by OFA/iLRP-negative control cells. In addition, cytotoxicity study revealed that Apt-Dox efficaciously destroyed the OFA/iLRP-positive AML cells, but significantly reduced the damage to control cells. The results indicate that the OFA/iLRP aptamer AB3 may have application potential in targeted therapy against AML.
Plastic leachates impair growth and oxygen production in Prochlorococcus, the ocean’s most abundant photosynthetic bacteria
Authors: Tetu Sasha G. , Sarker Indrani , Schrameyer Verena , Pickford Russell , Elbourne Liam D. H. , Moore Lisa R. , Paulsen Ian T.
Published: May 2019

Plastic pollution is a global threat to marine ecosystems. Plastic litter can leach a variety of substances into marine environments; however, virtually nothing is known regarding how this affects photosynthetic bacteria at the base of the marine food web. To address this, we investigated the effect of plastic leachate exposure on marine Prochlorococcus, widely considered the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth and vital contributors to global primary production and carbon cycling. Two strains of Prochlorococcus representing distinct ecotypes were exposed to leachate from common plastic items: high-density polyethylene bags and polyvinyl chloride matting. We show leachate exposure strongly impairs Prochlorococcus in vitro growth and photosynthetic capacity and results in genome-wide transcriptional changes. The strains showed distinct differences in the extent and timing of their response to each leachate. Consequently, plastic leachate exposure could influence marine Prochlorococcus community composition and potentially the broader composition and productivity of ocean phytoplankton communities.
Hybrid MIL-101(Cr)@MIL-53(Al) composite for carbon dioxide capture from biogas
Authors: Taheri Armin , Ganji Babakhani Ensieh , Towfighi Darian Jafar , Pakseresht Saeed
Published: May 2019

In this study, hybrids of nanoporous MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-53(Al) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method for various time periods, ranging from 8 to 40 h.
An excellent pH-controlled resistive switching memory device based on self-colored (C7H7O4N)n extracted from a lichen plant
Authors: Zhu Shouhui , Sun Bai , Chen Yuanzheng , Li Tao , Zhou Guangdong , Zhao Hongbin , Mao Weiwei , Zhao Yong
Published: May 2019

A pH-controlled RS behavior is observed in a bio-memristive device based on (C7H7O4N)n extracted from a lichen plant.
Volatomic pattern of breast cancer and cancer-free tissues as a powerful strategy to identify potential biomarkers
Authors: Silva Catarina , Perestrelo Rosa , Silva Pedro , Capelinha Filipa , Tomás Helena , Câmara José S.
Published: May 2019

Breast cancer (BC), ranked as the fifth amongst all cancers, remains at the top of women's cancers worldwide.
Strategy for stabilizing noble metal nanoparticles without sacrificing active sites
Authors: Ji Weikang , Wang Xuyu , Tang Minni , Yang Le , Rui Zebao , Tong Yexiang , Lin Jerry Y. S.
Published: May 2019

We report a facile surface fluorination strategy for restricting Pt nanoparticle sintering through providing anchoring sites on the TiO2 support and enhancing metal–support interaction via improved electronic interaction without sacrificing the active sites.
What accounts for the different functions in photolyases and cryptochromes: a computational study of proton transfers to FAD
Authors: Holub Daniel , Kubař Tomáš , Mast Thilo , Elstner Marcus , Gillet Natacha
Published: May 2019

The structure–function relationship around the FAD protonation within the cryptochrome–photolyase protein family.
Adiabatic deprotonation as an important competing pathway to ESIPT in photoacidic 2-phenylphenols
Authors: Mena Leandro D. , Vera D. M. A. , Baumgartner Maria T. , Jimenez Liliana B.
Published: May 2019

ESIPT vs. ESPT: an adequate choice of the substitution pattern can take ESIPT to C-atom to another level.
Advantageous crystalline–amorphous phase boundary for enhanced electrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Han HyukSu , Choi Heechae , Mhin Sungwook , Hong Yu-Rim , Kim Kang Min , Kwon Jiseok , Ali Ghulam , Chung Kyung Yoon , Je Minyeong , Umh Ha Nee , Lim Dong-Ha , Davey Kenneth , Qiao Shi-Zhang , Paik Ungyu , Song Taeseup
Published: May 2019

Crystalline–amorphous phase boundary engineering can be an effective strategy to develop cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting.
Electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer between methylene blue and Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles and its application in the “turn-on” detection of glucose
Authors: Fu Yuling , Qi Wenjing , He Hongkun , Zhao Maoyu , Wu Di , Qi Lin , Li Rong
Published: May 2019

The ECL donor Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles and acceptor methylene blue were applied in the electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer-based detection of glucose.
Theoretical investigations of the reactivity of neutral molecules that feature an MM (M = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl) double bond
Authors: Yang Ming-Chung , Su Ming-Der
Published: May 2019

The geometry, the electronic structure and the reactivity of compounds that feature a central MM (M = group 13 element) double bond with two sterically bulky ligands (L1=tBu2MeSi and L2= NHCiPr), L1L2MML1L2(Rea-MM) are studied at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/def2-SVP level of theory.
Correction: Controllable fabrication of nickel sulfides with enhanced electrochemical performance
Authors: Gou Jianxia
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Controllable fabrication of nickel sulfides with enhanced electrochemical performance’ by Jianxia Gou, New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 7138–7143.
Planarized B,N-phenylated dibenzoazaborine with a carbazole substructure: electronic impact of the structural constraint
Authors: Ando Mikinori , Sakai Mika , Ando Naoki , Hirai Masato , Yamaguchi Shigehiro
Published: May 2019

Structural constraint in B,N-phenylated dibenzoazaborine alters the π-conjugation mode and furnishes intense deep-blue emission and intriguing electrochemical properties.
Identification of resistance to cobweb disease caused byCladobotryum mycophilumin wild and cultivated strains ofAgaricus bisporusand screening for bioactive botanicals
Authors: Muhammad Idrees , Sossah Frederick Leo , Yang Yang , Li Dan , Li Shoujian , Fu Yongping , Li Yu
Published: May 2019

Outbreaks of cobweb disease are becoming increasingly prevalent globally, severely affecting the quality and yield ofAgaricus bisporus.
Preparation of lysozyme-imprinted nanoparticles on polydopamine-modified titanium dioxide using ionic liquid as a stabilizer
Authors: Zhao Zhongliang , Zhu Caihong , Guo Qianping , Cai Yan , Zhu Xuesong , Li Bin
Published: May 2019

Molecular imprinting of proteins has evolved into an efficient approach for protein recognition and separation.
In situ growth of carbon dots on TiO2 nanotube arrays for PEC enzyme biosensors with visible light response
Authors: He Cheng , Peng Linkai , Lv Linzhe , Cao Yang , Tu Jinchun , Huang Wei , Zhang Kexi
Published: May 2019

Carbon dots (CDs) were grown in situ on secondary anodized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTAs) via a hydrothermal method.
Enhanced water splitting performance of GaN nanowires fabricated using anode aluminum oxide templates
Authors: Xi Xin , Li Jing , Ma Zhanhong , Li Xiaodong , Zhao Lixia
Published: May 2019

Highly ordered GaN nanowires were fabricated using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template.
Superior performance and mechanism of chlorobenzene degradation by a novel bacterium
Authors: Zhang Shihan , Ying Zanyun , You Juping , Ye Jiexu , Cheng Zhuowei , Chen Dongzhi , Chen Jianmeng
Published: May 2019

A newly isolated strain was identified as Ochrobactrum sp. by 16S rRNA sequence analysis and named as ZJUTCB-1.
Adsorption and anticorrosive behavior of aromatic epoxy monomers on carbon steel corrosion in acidic solution: computational studies and sustained experimental studies
Authors: Dagdag Omar , Safi Zaki , Erramli Hamid , Cherkaoui Omar , Wazzan Nuha , Guo Lei , Verma Chandrabhan , Ebenso E. E. , El Harfi Ahmed
Published: May 2019

Herein, the synthesis, characterization and corrosion inhibition effectiveness of two aromatic epoxy monomers (AEMs) in carbon steel corrosive dissolution in 1 M HCl solution was investigated using computational and experimental techniques.
A molecular dynamics study on the resilience of Sec61 channel from open to closed state
Authors: Sun Sujuan , Wang Shuangshuang , Tong Zhangfa , Yao Xingdong , Gao Jian
Published: May 2019

The lateral gate of Sec61 is able to recover its partially-closed state rapidly after the nascent chain segment enters the bilayer, which triggers subsequent motions of the pore ring and plug.
Removal of metallic coatings from rare-earth permanent magnets by solutions of bromine in organic solvents
Authors: Orefice Martina , Eldosouky Anas , Škulj Irena , Binnemans Koen
Published: May 2019

Rare-earth permanent magnets were treated with Br2 in organic solvents to remove the Ni–Cu–Ni coating prior to direct magnet recycling by hydrogen decrepitation.
Activated Luffa derived biowaste carbon for enhanced desalination performance in brackish water
Authors: Sriramulu Deepa , Vafakhah Sareh , Yang Hui Ying
Published: May 2019

Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) is an effective process to remove salt ions from brackish water.
Investigation on methane hydrate formation in silica gel particles below the freezing point
Authors: Liu Jun , Liang Deqing
Published: May 2019

Herein, methane hydrate formation in silica gel was studied in the temperature and pressure range of 253.1–268.1 K and 4.0–6.0 MPa, respectively.
Photoinduced electron transfer in novel CdSe–Cu2Se type II core–shell quantum dots
Authors: Simi N. J. , Vinayakan R. , Ison V. V.
Published: May 2019

Herein we report the synthesis, characterisation and electron transfer studies of CdSe–Cu2Se QDs, a novel type II core–shell system.
Inhibition effect of ethanol in naproxen degradation by catalytic ozonation with NiO
Authors: Aguilar Claudia Marissa , Chairez Isaac , Rodríguez Julia Liliana , Tiznado Hugo , Santillán Ricardo , Arrieta Daniel , Poznyak Tatiana
Published: May 2019

Ethanol concentration as organic matter delayed the NAP elimination and O3–NiO increased the mineralization degree and oxidation state of byproducts.
Four new Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) coordination polymers using two amide-like aromatic multi-carboxylate ligands: synthesis, structures and lithium–selenium batteries application
Authors: Cheng Qiuxia , Qin Luzhu , Ke Chunxian , Zhou Jianen , Lin Jia , Lin Xiaoming , Zhang Gang , Cai Yuepeng
Published: May 2019

Four new coordination polymers were constructed and compound 2 was used as a host to active selenium for Li–Se batteries.
Repair of dentine-related lesions without a drill or injection
Authors: Zhang Yu Yuan , Wong Hai Ming , McGrath Colman P. J. , Li Quan Li
Published: May 2019

For covering the shortages of traditional treatments, a novel and non-invasive system was developed with the simple adaption of nature's own repair process, while an extrinsic electric field was introduced to improve its remineralization kinetics.
Molecular interaction of silicon quantum dot micelles with plasma proteins: hemoglobin and thrombin
Authors: Chinnathambi Shanmugavel , Karthikeyan Subramani , Hanagata Nobutaka , Shirahata Naoto
Published: May 2019

Overall graphical representation of 1-decene, F-127, and crystal structures of hemoglobin and thrombin.
Multidimensional dynamic experiments for data-rich process development of reactions in flow
Authors: Wyvratt Brian M. , McMullen Jonathan P. , Grosser Shane T.
Published: May 2019

The use of multidimensional dynamic flow experiments for reaction profiling and generation of an empirical surface response model for a Knoevenagel condensation reaction is described.
Defective metal–organic framework derivative by room-temperature exfoliation and reduction for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zou Zehua , Cai Minmin , Zhao Xiaohua , Huang Junfeng , Du Jing , Xu Cailing
Published: May 2019

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been considered attractive precursors to fabricate functional MOF derivatives for oxygen evolution reactions (OER).
A phenanthroline-based porous organic polymer for the iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formate
Authors: Gunasekar Gunniya Hariyanandam , Yoon Sungho
Published: May 2019

A novel phenanthroline-functionalized porous organic polymer (phen-POP) has been designed, and prepared for the first time without other reactive functional groups in the polymer skeleton. Post-synthetic metalation of phen-POP with IrCl3 afforded a single-site, highly active and selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 to formate.
Dual-channel fluorescent probe bearing two-photon activity for cell viability monitoring
Authors: Zhao Yanqian , Zhang Chengkai , Liu Jiejie , Li Dandan , Tian Xiaohe , Wang Aidong , Li Shengli , Wu Jieying , Tian Yupeng
Published: May 2019

We developed a dual-channel two-photon fluorescence probe to monitor cell viability.
Recent advances in gold nanoparticles for biomedical applications: from hybrid structures to multi-functionality
Authors: Jeong Hyeon-Ho , Choi Eunjin , Ellis Elizabeth , Lee Tung-Chun
Published: May 2019

Hybrid gold nanoparticles for biomedical applications are reviewed in the context of a novel classification framework and illustrated by recent examples.
Gold nanoparticle decorated bismuth sulfide nanorods for enhanced photoelectrochemical hydrogen production
Authors: Subramanyam Palyam , Vinodkumar T. , Deepa Melepurath , Subrahmanyam Ch.
Published: May 2019

The design of photo-electrodes with good light absorption, effective photo-generated charge carrier separation and fast charge transportation are key parameters for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation.
Postnatal inflammation following intrauterine inflammation exacerbates the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice
Authors: Bekkering Siroon , Limawan Albert P. , Nguyen Maria U. , Widiasmoko Lisa K. , Lu Hui , Pepe Salvatore , Cheung Michael M. , Menheniott Trevelyan R. , Wallace Megan J. , Burgner David P. , Moss Timothy J.
Published: May 2019

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has its origins in early life. Postnatal inflammation exacerbates atherosclerosis, but the possible effect of intrauterine inflammation is largely unexplored. Exposure to inflammation in utero is common, especially in infants born preterm, who have increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. We hypothesised that exposure to inflammation before birth would accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, with the most severe atherosclerosis following exposure to both pre- and postnatal inflammation. Here we studied the effect of prenatal and postnatal inflammation on the development of atherosclerosis by combining established techniques for modelling histological chorioamnionitis and atherosclerosis using apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice. A single intra-amniotic (IA) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused intrauterine inflammation, and increased atherosclerosis at 13 weeks of postnatal age. In mice exposed to postnatal LPS, chorioamnionitis modulated subsequent responses; atherosclerotic lesion size, number and severity were greatest for mice exposed to both intrauterine and postnatal inflammation, with a concomitant decrease in collagen content and increased inflammation of the atherosclerotic plaque. In conclusion, pre- and postnatal inflammation have additive and deleterious effects on the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice. The findings are particularly relevant to preterm human infants, whose gestations are frequently complicated by chorioamnionitis and who are particularly susceptible to repeated postnatal infections. Human and mechanistic studies are warranted to guide preventative strategies.
Uncovering complex molecular networks in host–pathogen interactions using systems biology
Authors: Peters Joshua M. , Solomon Sydney L. , Itoh Christopher Y. , Bryson Bryan D.
Published: May 2019

Interactions between pathogens and their hosts can induce complex changes in both host and pathogen states to privilege pathogen survival or host clearance of the pathogen. To determine the consequences of specific host–pathogen interactions, a variety of techniques in microbiology, cell biology, and immunology are available to researchers. Systems biology that enables unbiased measurements of transcriptomes, proteomes, and other biomolecules has become increasingly common in the study of host–pathogen interactions. These approaches can be used to generate novel hypotheses or to characterize the effects of particular perturbations across an entire biomolecular network. With proper experimental design and complementary data analysis tools, high-throughput omics techniques can provide novel insights into the mechanisms that underlie processes from phagocytosis to pathogen immune evasion. Here, we provide an overview of the suite of biochemical approaches for high-throughput analyses of host–pathogen interactions, analytical frameworks for understanding the resulting datasets, and a vision for the future of this exciting field.
The Viability of Media Interviews as Materials for Auditory Training
Authors: Casserly Elizabeth D. , Krizmanich Thea , Drews Hunter
Published: May 2019

Purpose

Rehabilitative auditory training for people with hearing loss faces 2 primary challenges: generalization of learning to novel contexts and user adherence to training goals. We hypothesized that using interview excerpts from popular media as training materials would have the potential to positively influence both of these areas. Interviews contain predictable, structured complexity that promotes perceptual generalization and are also designed to be engaging for consumers. This study tested the viability of such popular media interviews as training materials, comparing their effectiveness to that obtained with sentence transcription training.

Method

Young adults with normal hearing (
N
= 60) completed 1 hr of transcription training using noise-vocoded materials, simulating acoustic perception through an 8-channel cochlear implant. Participants completed pre- and posttraining assessments of vocoded speech perception in quiet and in noise, along with posttraining high-variability sentence recognition and cued isolated word recognition. Scores on all tests were compared across 4 randomly assigned groups differing in training materials: audiovisual interviews, audio-only interviews, isolated sentences, and undegraded isolated sentences (providing an untrained control comparison group).

Results

Recognition in quiet and in noise improved with both types of interview-based training, and interview training groups outperformed the control group on all generalization tests. Participants in the audiovisual interview group also reported significantly higher, more sustained engagement in a retrospective survey.

Conclusions

Media interviews appear to be at least as effective as isolated sentences for transcription-based auditory training in simulated hearing loss settings with young adults and may improve engagement and generalization of benefit in auditory training applications.
Unified probabilistic energy flow analysis for electricity–gas coupled systems with integrated demand response
Authors: Zeng Bo , Zhu Xi , Chen Chen , Hu Qiang , Zhao Dongbo , Liu Jiaomin
Published: May 2019

Under a multi‐energy environment, the conventional demand response programmes in smart‐grid will be evolving to the concept of integrated demand response (IDR). In order to examine such an effect, this study presents a new methodological framework to conduct the probabilistic energy flow (PEF) analysis of integrated energy systems, while considering the potential effects of IDR. For this aim, a new price‐elasticity‐based IDR model is developed. As distinct from existing works, this study explicitly focuses on the stochastic characteristics of IDR programme and a novel Z‐number‐based technique is introduced to handle the relevant uncertainties that involved. The proposed Z‐number model can not only capture the inherent randomness in demand‐side performance but also account for the potential impact of information availability/reliability on the representation of IDR. Since the presence of Z‐numbers makes the authors model include different types of uncertain representations, the fuzzy expectation technique and centroid method are jointly used to make them manageable under the same framework. A comprehensive algorithm based on the cumulant method and an optimisation scheme is employed to solve this PEF problem with consideration of IDR. The proposed framework is illustrated through numerical studies and simulation results confirm its effectiveness in actual implementations.
Partial discharge of cable termination on electric multiple unit of China high‐speed railway below zero‐degree centigrade
Authors: Bai Longlei , Zhou Lijun , Li Lini , Chen Yuanhu , Che Yuxuan , Yu Yang , Guo Lei
Published: May 2019

Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) cable terminations have great potential in improving the operational reliability of electric multiple units, for their high elasticity and low loss. However, the breakdown of EPR cable terminations frequently occurred in northwestern China during winters. In this study, tests were conducted to investigate the effect of temperature (−40 to 20°C) on partial discharges (PDs) characteristics, characteristic transition temperature, and breakdown process of cable termination. In samples with no artificial defects, it was found that the average PD inception voltage (PDIV) decreased obviously by 45% when temperature reduced from 20°C to −40°C. Meanwhile, the PD amplitude increased rapidly with decreasing temperature. The symmetric phase resolved PD pattern also changed from ‘turtle‐like’ to ‘wing‐like’ shape with decreasing temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry results indicated that the decrease of mechanical mismatching between EPR and stress control tube (SCT) at low temperature led to decreasing PDIV. A physical model of electric field (EF) distribution within cracks on EPR/SCT interface inside the termination was designed. Distortion of the EF by simulation was consistent with the discharge channel in the test. These results showed that the decreasing temperature had significant influences on the PD initiation of EPR cable termination.
Dossier : Perspectives franco-brésiliennes autour de l’agroécologie – Accords de coopération entre le Brésil et la France dans le domaine de la sociologie rurale et environnementale : le chemin de la parité
Authors: Padilha Douglas Ochiai , Brandenburg Alfio , Billaud Jean-Paul
Published: May 2019

La coopération universitaire entre la France et le Brésil a été mise en place dans les années 1970. On suit ici celle qui s’est nouée plus particulièrement dans le domaine de la sociologie rurale et de l’environnement, au travers d’un accord initial entre un laboratoire CNRS de l’Université Paris Nanterre et une université de la Paraíba au Brésil. Au rythme d’accords successifs allant jusqu’à aujourd’hui, le réseau des coopérations s’est étendu aussi bien en France en impliquant en particulier des institutions liées à l’agronomie qu’au Brésil où des universités du Sud ont rejoint la coopération au gré des divers accords. En retraçant une collaboration remarquable par sa continuité, nous montrons comment elle a évolué vers plus de parité entre partenaires et en quoi elle fut en prise avec les courants d’idées irriguant les milieux académiques certes, mais aussi les mouvements sociaux, loin d’être à la traîne de ces derniers.
Exzessive Gewichtszunahme und Adipositas in der
Schwangerschaft: Zusammenhänge zur psychischen Gesundheit der Mutter nach der
Entbindung
Authors: Nagl Michaela , Lehnig Franziska , Stepan Holger , Wagner Birgit , Kersting Anette
Published: May 2019

Ziel der Studie Adipositas, eine exzessive Gewichtszunahme und psychische
Belastungen während der Schwangerschaft sind mit erheblichen gesundheitlichen
Risiken für die Mutter und das ungeborene Kind verbunden. Ziel der Studie war
die Erfassung der Prävalenz von Adipositas und einer exzessiven Gewichtszunahme
sowie von Zusammenhängen zur psychischen Gesundheit der Mutter nach der
Entbindung.

Methodik In die Studie eingeschlossen wurden 774 Frauen im Alter zwischen
18 und 43 Jahren. Die postpartale psychische Gesundheit wurde mithilfe des
BDI-II und der SCL-90-R erfasst.

Ergebnisse 47,3 % der Frauen wiesen eine exzessive Gewichtszunahme auf.
Die Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas betrug 15,4 % bzw. 7,6 %.
Übergewicht und Adipositas waren relativ zum Normalgewicht mit einem höheren
Risiko für eine exzessive Gewichtszunahme assoziiert (2,92 ≤ OR ≤ 3,75;
p < 0,001; p = 0,008). Eine exzessive Gewichtszunahme war mit einem höheren
Risiko für Makrosomie assoziiert (OR = 2,06; 95 % CI: 1,21–3,50). Für Adipositas
zeigte sich eine Tendenz für ein erhöhtes Risiko für eine klinisch relevante
postpartale depressive Symptomatik (OR = 2,16; 95 % CI: 0,99–4,69;
p = 0,052).

Schlussfolgerung Adipositas und exzessive Gewichtszunahme in der
Schwangerschaft stellen auch in unserer Stichprobe ein häufiges und
ernstzunehmendes Problem dar. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit
effektiver Präventionsprogramme sowie der Berücksichtigung der mütterlichen
psychischen Gesundheit.
Soft-power, culturalism and developing economies: the case of Global Ibsen
Authors: Huq Sabiha
Published: May 2019

This paper on soft-power connected with culturalism vis-à-vis Henrik Ibsen, draws its essence from the term ‘soft power’ coined and defined by Joseph S Nye Jr. and read in contiguity with ‘culturalism’ that Arjun Appadurai connotes as “identity politics mobilised at the level of the nation-state”. On these terms, the present author perceives ‘soft power’ as a force that affects or is expected to affect not just few specially endowed individuals in any given society; rather as one that works upon the mindscapes of the commoner, or in the collective unconscious. The quintessential social critic that inheres Ibsen the playwright, is here looked upon as such a reservoir of soft-power, whose dramatic oeuvre and its subsequent global reception have ignited ideas of social reform and thus have become part of Norwegian culturalism and soft power. While the Norwegian Government has funded projects and encouraged institutional collaborations in this connection, individuals too have taken up vital roles in establishing intercultural links using Ibsen as their ambassador. At present Ibsen is part of cultural exchange between Norway and many developing countries of Asia and Africa. What happens to the targeted receivers of such soft power is a valid question and this paper explores soft power from the perspective of the third world marginalised subject position. Dwelling upon specific channels of Norwegian soft-power that have proven world-wide currency, and the indefatigable ways in which Ibsen has been a major tool in such soft diplomacy, this paper attempts to analyse how Ibsen the dramatist has eventually become a significant part of Norwegian culturalism as soft power whose outreach is aimed at the egalitarian ideal, hence imbued with enormous potential to function as a strong influence in intercultural affairs.
Ejecta velocities in twice-shocked liquid metals under extreme conditions: A hydrodynamic approach
Authors: Karkhanis V. , Ramaprabhu P.
Published: May 2019

We apply a hydrodynamic approach to analyze ejecta emanating from doubly shocked liquid metals. In particular, we are interested in characterizing ejecta velocities in such situations by treating the problem as a limiting case of the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability. We find existing models for ejecta velocities do not adequately capture all the relevant physics, including compressibility, nonlinearities, and nonstandard shapes. We propose an empirical model that is capable of describing ejecta behavior across the entire parameter range of interest. We then suggest a protocol to apply this model when the donor material is shocked twice in rapid succession. Finally, the model and the suggested approach are validated using detailed continuum hydrodynamic simulations. The results provide a baseline understanding of the hydrodynamic aspects of ejecta, which can then be used to interpret experimental data from target experiments.
Shock induced phase transition in SiC polytypes
Authors: Gorai S. , Bhattacharya C.
Published: May 2019

The effect of shock on 3C and 6H phases of silicon carbide was investigated within our earlier developed scaled binding energy based Debye–Gru¨neisen model. Required input parameters for the equation of state (EOS) model were obtained from density functional theory calculations using PBE-GGA functional as well as a nonlocal exchange-correlation functional B3LYP. In our earlier calculations using PBE-GGA functional, we predicted the phase transition from 3C to B1 phase at about 68 GPa, which deviated significantly from the experimental value of about 100 GPa. An empirical energy correction was applied in that case to obtain the experimental transition pressure. However, in the present work, we observed that if hybrid B3LYP functional is employed to calculate EOS parameters, shock induced phase transitions from 3C to B1 and 6H to B1 phases occur at about 102 GPa and 105 GPa, respectively, in close agreement with experiments without invoking any empirical correction. We obtained good agreement of our predictions with experimental shock data using a simple model of metastability and the hybrid B3LYP functional, which accounts for exchange-correlation effects better than the PBE-GGA functional in the case of SiC.
Factors affecting nestling condition and timing of egg-laying in the endangered Carnaby’s cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus
latirostris
Authors: Saunders Denis A. , Dawson Rick , Mawson Peter R. , Nicholls A. O.
Published: May 2019

Carnaby’s cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus latirostris, is endemic to south-western Australia. It has undergone a major decline in range and abundance as a result of extensive removal of breeding and foraging habitat. It is now classified as endangered by the State of Western Australia, the Australian government, and internationally. In order to plan effective conservation management for the species it is important to assess the success of breeding populations throughout its range. In this paper we examine the efficacy of using the relationship between growth in the length of a nestling’s folded left wing and body mass to assess nestling condition, and examine known breeding failure in relation to nestling condition in two breeding populations: one at Coomallo Creek (studied from 1970–2017), and the other at Manmanning (1969–76). Results demonstrated that the lighter the nestlings, the higher the rate of breeding failure. Data from the Coomallo Creek population were used to prepare a table of nestling folded left wing length and body mass as a benchmark for assessing nestling condition in 10 other breeding populations, based on data collected from 1970 to the present. Following extensive clearing that removed foraging and breeding habitat, two of the 10 populations produced nestlings that were significantly lighter than the benchmark, and both populations subsequently declined to extinction. The commencement of egg-laying each season at Coomallo Creek was strongly influenced by total rainfall in the first half of autumn. The length of the egg-laying period between 1970–76 and 2009–17 increased by 5.2 weeks (40%). This increase was related to changes in rainfall and temperature over more than four decades. Despite the lengthening of the egg-laying period, nestling condition was unaffected, suggesting that, at least in the short term, the Carnaby’s cockatoo population at Coomallo Creek is coping with the effects of climate change.
The contribution of the pastoral industry to a diversified land sector economy in northern Australia
Authors: McLean Ian , Holmes Phil
Published: May 2019

The paper ‘Emerging opportunities for developing a diversified land sector economy in Australia’s northern savannas’ (Russell-Smith and Sangha 2018: The Rangeland Journal 40, 315–330. doi:10.1071/RJ18005) draws heavily on work by the present authors. We are of the opinion that the use of our data is incomplete, and in some cases incorrect. We conclude that their analysis does not accurately portray the economic performance and contribution of the pastoral sector in northern Australia, nor justify the conclusion that fundamental land sector change is required. The present work details the concerns that we have with the Russell-Smith and Sangha paper.
sGC stimulator praliciguat suppresses stellate cell fibrotic transformation and inhibits fibrosis and inflammation in models of NASH
Authors: Hall Katherine C. , Bernier Sylvie G. , Jacobson Sarah , Liu Guang , Zhang Ping Y. , Sarno Renee , Catanzano Victoria , Currie Mark G. , Masferrer Jaime L.
Published: May 2019

Significance

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an increasingly common disease characterized by liver steatosis and inflammation—with fibrosis being an important indicator of disease progression and severity—and is associated with reduced endothelial function and NO–soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) signaling. Signaling downstream of NO can be restored using praliciguat, an sGC stimulator. Within the liver, stellate cells and myofibroblasts express sGC (unlike hepatocytes) and thus can be stimulated by praliciguat. Increased sGC activity inhibits fibrotic transformation and inflammatory responses in stellate cells potentially through AMPK and SMAD7. The effects on isolated stellate cells translate to human microtissues and in vivo models where treatment with praliciguat reduces inflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis. These preclinical results support further investigation of praliciguat as a potential therapy for NASH/fibrosis.
Contributions of semantic richness to the processing of idioms
Authors: Findlay Holly , Carrol Gareth
Published: May 2019

Idiom studies typically consider variables such as familiarity, decomposability and literal plausibility, and the contributions of these to how figurative phrases are processed are well established. In this study we consider the effect of a previously untested variable: semantic richness. Semantic richness refers broadly to the range of semantic information denoted by a lexical item, and reflects features such as imageability, number of senses, semantic neighbourhood, etc. This has generally been restricted to single words and sometimes to metaphors, so here we investigate how some aspects of this measure – specifically those reflecting perceptual characteristics – contribute to the processing of idiomatic expressions. Results show that aspects of semantic richness affect idiom processing in different ways, with some (emotional valence) contributing to faster processing of figuratively related words, and others (those that highlight physical and literal aspects of the idiom) showing an inhibitory effect. We also show that for some of the dimensions of semantic richness considered here, there is a significant correlation between a measure constructed from the ratings of component words, and one gathered from ratings for the phrase as a whole, suggesting a straightforward way to operationalise semantic richness at a multiword level.
Semantic neighbourhoods
Authors: Lutfallah Susan , Fast Candice , Rangan Chitra , Buchanan Lori
Published: May 2019

The contributions of semantic processing have come under increasing attention in recent years (Yap, Pexman, Wellsby, Hargreaves, & Huff, 2012), and variables that measure the
semantic content of words are a requirement of this increased experimental attention. The density and size of semantic
neighborhoods derived from computational models have been shown to predict reaction times across a range of psycholinguistic tasks
(e.g., Danguecan & Buchanan, 2016), and the distance between two words in semantic
space has been shown to predict priming (Kenett, Levi, Anaki & Faust, 2017). The
data to support the construction of stimulus sets that use these variables are complicated to obtain. The app that we describe
here makes these measures of semantics available for 100,000 English words.
Imageability, familiarity, and age of acquisition ratings for
Arabic abstract nouns, abstract verbs and adjectives
Authors: Khwaileh Tariq , Mustafawi Eiman , Howard David , Herbert Ruth
Published: May 2019

To date, normative psycholinguistics research has mainly focused
on establishing norms for producing databases for concrete words using
standardized pictures, while abstract words have been subject to much less
attention. Understandably, the fact that the first can be represented visually
helps in formulating picture-naming tasks to elicit verbal identification for
pictures representing nouns and verbs, which greatly contributes to language
experiments in both theoretical and clinical studies. The present study argues
for the equal importance of studies that aim to develop databases for abstract
words, as language use is not restricted to picturable/concrete concepts. We
provide norms for a set of 165 abstract nouns, 56 abstract verbs and 109
abstract adjectives, collected from healthy speakers of Arabic. Using rating
tasks, norms for imageability, age of acquisition, and familiarity are
established. Linguistic factors such as syllable length and phoneme length are
also accounted for. We also include orthographic frequency values (extracted
from AraLex; Boudelaa and Marslen-Wilson,
2010). The norms for the processing of abstract words collected in
the current study present a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians
working with speakers of Arabic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first
dataset of abstract words for the Arabic language.
ARF GTPases and their GEFs and GAPs: concepts and challenges
Authors: Sztul Elizabeth , Chen Pei-Wen , Casanova James E. , Cherfils Jacqueline , Dacks Joel B. , Lambright David G. , Lee Fang-Jen S. , Randazzo Paul A. , Santy Lorraine C. , Schürmann Annette , Wilhelmi Ilka , Yohe Marielle E. , Kahn Richard A.
Published: May 2019

Detailed structural, biochemical, cell biological, and genetic studies of any gene/protein are required to develop models of its actions in cells. Studying a protein family in the aggregate yields additional information, as one can include analyses of their coevolution, acquisition or loss of functionalities, structural pliability, and the emergence of shared or variations in molecular mechanisms. An even richer understanding of cell biology can be achieved through evaluating functionally linked protein families. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of three protein families: the ARF GTPases, the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (ARF GEFs) that activate them, and the GTPase-activating proteins (ARF GAPs) that have the ability to both propagate and terminate signaling. However, despite decades of scrutiny, our understanding of how these essential proteins function in cells remains fragmentary. We believe that the inherent complexity of ARF signaling and its regulation by GEFs and GAPs will require the concerted effort of many laboratories working together, ideally within a consortium to optimally pool information and resources. The collaborative study of these three functionally connected families (≥70 mammalian genes) will yield transformative insights into regulation of cell signaling.
Assessment of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology
Authors: Sauter Jennifer L , Lehrke Heidi , Zhang Xiaotun , Al Badri Osamah T , Rodriguez-Gutierrez Rene , Delivanis Danae A , Singh Ospina Naykky , Donegan Diane , Hamidi Oksana , Iñiguez-Ariza Nicole , Sharma Anu , Kittah Nana Esi N , Tamhane Shrikant U , Hurtado Andrade Maria D , Kotwal Anupam , Jenkins Sarah M , Spears Grant , Rivera Michael , Dean Diana S , Henry Michael R
Published: May 2019

Objectives

Long-term follow-up is important for determining performance characteristics of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods

Histologic or 3 or more years of clinical follow-up was used to calculate performance characteristics of thyroid FNA before and after implementation of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). The impact of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) classification was also investigated.

Results

Follow-up was obtained for 1,277/1,134 and 1,616/1,393 aspirates/patients (median clinical follow-up, 9.9 and 4.4 years, pre- and post-TBSRTC, respectively). Nondiagnostic, suspicious for follicular neoplasm, and suspicious for malignancy (SFM) diagnoses decreased and benign diagnoses increased post-TBSRTC, while atypical rate remained less than 1%. Negative predictive value for benign nodules and positive predictive value (PPV) for SFM increased significantly. Eleven nodules were reclassified as NIFTP, slightly decreasing PPV/risk of malignancy (ROM).

Conclusions

Appropriate ROM for thyroid FNA can be achieved through application of TBSRTC terminology with minimal use of atypical category.
HyAsP, a greedy tool for plasmids identification
Authors: Müller Robert , Chauve Cedric
Published: May 2019

Motivation

Plasmids are ubiquituous in bacterial genomes, and have been shown to be involved in important evolutionary processes, in particular the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance. However separating chromosomal contigs from plasmid contigs and assembling the later is a challenging problem.

Results

We introduce HyAsP, a tool that identifies, bins and assembles plasmid contigs following a hybrid approach based on a database of known plasmids genes and a greedy assembly algorithm. We test HyAsP on a large sample of bacterial datasets and observe that it generally outperforms other tools.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/cchauve/HyAsP.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Thirty years after the fall: An academic perspective
Authors: Ginsburg Tom
Published: May 2019

How has academia understood the massive changes in the world since 1989? This article emphasizes the important role of institutional analysis and empirical scholarship of various kinds. There has also been new attention to issues of identity. Finally, there have been monumental changes in the way scholarship is produced and consumed, and these too have consequences for the field.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Lung Cancer Screening Accounting for the Effect of Indeterminate Findings
Authors: Toumazis Iakovos , Tsai Emily B , Erdogan S Ayca , Han Summer S , Wan Wenshuai , Leung Ann , Plevritis Sylvia K
Published: May 2019

Background

Numerous health policy organizations recommend lung cancer screening, but no consensus exists on the optimal policy. Moreover, the impact of the Lung CT screening reporting and data system guidelines to manage small pulmonary nodules of unknown significance (a.k.a. indeterminate nodules) on the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening is not well established.

Methods

We assess the cost-effectiveness of 199 screening strategies that vary in terms of age and smoking eligibility criteria, using a microsimulation model. We simulate lung cancer-related events throughout the lifetime of US-representative current and former smokers. We conduct sensitivity analyses to test key model inputs and assumptions.

Results

The cost-effectiveness efficiency frontier consists of both annual and biennial screening strategies. Current guidelines are not on the frontier. Assuming 4% disutility associated with indeterminate findings, biennial screening for smokers aged 50–70 years with at least 40 pack-years and less than 10 years since smoking cessation is the cost-effective strategy using $100 000 willingness-to-pay threshold yielding the highest health benefit. Among all health utilities, the cost-effectiveness of screening is most sensitive to changes in the disutility of indeterminate findings. As the disutility of indeterminate findings decreases, screening eligibility criteria become less stringent and eventually annual screening for smokers aged 50–70 years with at least 30 pack-years and less than 10 years since smoking cessation is the cost-effective strategy yielding the highest health benefit.

Conclusions

The disutility associated with indeterminate findings impacts the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening. Efforts to quantify and better understand the impact of indeterminate findings on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening are warranted.
Applicable Law Provisions in Investment Treaties: Forever Midnight Clauses?
Authors: Atanasova Dafina
Published: May 2019

Building on the growing awareness that applicable law determinations are one of the places where the balance between investor and state interests is struck in investment disputes, the article probes the capacity of applicable law provisions (ALPs) in investment treaties to contribute to its regulation. Based on a large scale survey of treaty texts (1000+ treaties), the article argues that there is a misunderstanding of ALPs by negotiators despite greater engagement with these provisions. The article uncovers a mismatch between the questions of choosing among different potentially applicable laws and their proper interpretation, which are salient in investment arbitration, and the focus of ALP drafting. Even recent ALPs seem primarily used as tools to circumscribe tribunals’ jurisdiction, which leads to their redundancy. To bridge this gap, the article argues for a structural change bringing ALPs in investment treaties closer to choice of law provisions proper.
What They Expect Is What You Get: The Role of Interviewer Expectations in Nonresponse to Income and Asset Questions
Authors: Friedel Sabine
Published: May 2019

Personal income and assets are sensitive topics to discuss. This phenomenon is reflected in high rates of nonresponse to financial questions in surveys. In face-to-face surveys, item nonresponse is influenced by interviewers. Although interviewers are trained to conduct standardized interviews, some obtain a higher number of item nonresponses than others. This study examines interviewer effects on nonresponse to questions about household income, bank balances, and interest and dividend income in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). It first investigates the extent to which interviewers affect nonresponse to income and asset questions and second whether interviewers’ prior expectations regarding respondents’ likelihood to provide information about their income predict actual nonresponse rates. Results of multilevel modeling show that interviewer influence on nonresponse to the income and asset questions was significant at the five percent level. In addition, interviewer expectations were significantly correlated with “don’t know” responses and “refusals.” These results indicate that interviewer expectations matter in the context of income and asset questions and that survey practitioners should take this into account when designing interviewer training.