bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment with methotrexate, rituximab, and cytosine arabinoside followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Atilla Pinar Ataca , Atilla Erden , Bozdag Sinem Civriz , Yuksel Meltem Kurt , Toprak Selami Kocak , Topcuoglu Pervin , Demirer Taner , Ilhan Osman , Arslan Onder , Gurman Gunhan , Ozcan Muhit
Published: June 2017

Objective/Background:

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is associated with worst prognosis compared with other aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. However, recent trials have demonstrated that long-term progression-free survival can be achieved by immunochemotherapy. Our goal is to present our experience in aggressive PCNSL in this study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical features and management of 13 PCNSL patients who were diagnosed and treated between 2006 and 2015.

Results:

Nine patients received rituximab (R) 375mg/m2/day on Day 1, methotrexate (MTX) 3.5g/m2/day and cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) 4.4g/m2/day on Day 2, as well as ARA-C 4.4g/m2/day on Day 3 every 28 days, and underwent autologous stem cell transplantation. Two patients received procarbazine instead of ARA-C. One patient relapsed, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed. All nine patients are followed in complete remission. Two of 13 patients received one course of MTX and 36–45 Gy radiotherapy and died. One patient with renal transplantation had progressive disease and died. Grade 3–4 hematological toxicity was detected in 11 (85%), Grade 3–4 mucositis in 11 (85%), and febrile neutropenia in 12 (92%) patients. The median overall survival in the R–MTX–ARA-C/procarba zine group was 28 ± 16 months.

Conclusion:

R–MTX–ARA-C followed by autologous stem cell transplantation seems a promising strategy with high response rates in PCNSL.
Disc battery ingestion; a single event with different outcomes
Authors: Sindi E. , Bahadur A. , AlRajhi H. , Yousef Y.
Published: June 2017

Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common problem especially in children below the age of 5 years. This is fueled by their curiosity to explore their surroundings. The ingested foreign body finds its way out of the gastrointestinal tract without any serious consequences most of the time. On the other hand, disc battery ingestion has been reported to cause serious harm when ingested including death. We report two patients who had ingested disc batteries and their respective outcomes.
Deformation of a compliant wall in a turbulent channel flow
Authors: Zhang Cao , Wang Jin , Blake William , Katz Joseph
Published: June 2017

Interaction of a compliant wall with a turbulent channel flow is investigated experimentally by simultaneously measuring the time-resolved, three-dimensional (3D) flow field and the two-dimensional (2D) surface deformation. The optical set-up integrates tomographic particle image velocimetry to measure the flow with Mach–Zehnder interferometry to map the deformation. The Reynolds number is $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}=2300$, and the Young’s modulus of the wall is 0.93 MPa, resulting in a ratio of shear speed to the centreline velocity ($U_{0}$) of 6.8. The wavenumber–frequency spectra of deformation show the surface motions consist of a non-advected low-frequency component and advected modes, some travelling downstream at approximately $U_{0}$ and others at ${\sim}0.72U_{0}$. The r.m.s. values of the advected and non-advected modes are $0.04~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$$(0.004\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}})$ and $0.2~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ ($0.02\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}}$), respectively, much smaller than the wall unit ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}}$), hence they do not affect the flow. Trends in the wall dynamics are elucidated by correlating the deformation with flow variables, including the 3D pressure distribution calculated by spatially integrating the material acceleration. Predictions by the Chase [J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 89 (6), pp. 2589–2596] linear model are also calculated and compared to the measured trends. The spatial deformation–pressure correlations peak at $y/h\approx 0.12$ ($h$ is half channel height), the elevation of Reynolds shear stress maximum in the log-layer. Streamwise lagging of the deformation behind the pressure is caused in part by phase lag of the pressure with decreasing distance from the wall, and in part by material damping. Positive deformations (bumps) caused by negative pressure fluctuations are preferentially associated with ejections involving spanwise vortices located downstream and quasi-streamwise vortices with spanwise offset. Results of conditional correlations are consistent with the presence of hairpin-like structures. The negative deformations (dimples) are preferentially associated with positive pressure fluctuations at the transition between an upstream sweep to a downstream ejection.
Inklusion versus Exklusion: Schulsetting und Lese-Rechtschreibentwicklung von Kindern mit Förderschwerpunkt Lernen
Authors: Stranghöner Daniela , Hollmann Jelena , Otterpohl Nantje , Wild Elke , Lütje-Klose Birgit , Schwinger Malte
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Lese-Rechtschreibentwicklung von Grundschülern mit Förderschwerpunkt Lernen im inklusiven und exklusiven Schulsetting. Des Weiteren wird die Bedeutung potenzieller Einflussfaktoren wie Intelligenz, Geschlecht und sozioökonomischer Status berücksichtigt. Die Analysen basieren auf Daten der Bielefelder Längsschnittstudie zum Lernen in inklusiven und exklusiven Förderarrangements (BiLieF), in der N = 410 Schüler zu drei Messzeitpunkten teilnahmen. Multiple Group Latent Growth Curve Models ergaben höhere Ausgangswerte für inklusiv beschulte Kinder im Lesen und Schreiben. Alle Kinder konnten ihre Leistungen über die Zeit steigern, wobei der Leistungszuwachs im Lesen bei den inklusiv beschulten Kindern und der Leistungszuwachs im Rechtschreiben bei den exklusiv beschulten Kindern höher ausfiel. Nur für die inklusiv beschulten Kinder ging eine höhere Intelligenz mit höheren Ausgangswerten im Lesen einher. Darüber hinaus waren Vorteile der inklusiv beschulten Mädchen in Bezug auf die Ausgangsleistung im Lesen und Rechtschreiben sowie die Entwicklung der Rechtschreibleistung nachweisbar.
Umgebungs- und Herkunftssprache: Der Einfluss des elterlichen Sprachengebrauchs auf den Zweitspracherwerb der Kinder
Authors: Troesch Larissa Maria , Keller Karin , Loher Sarah , Grob Alexander
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung. Ein zunehmend größerer Anteil an mehrsprachig aufwachsenden Kindern und gleichzeitig ein auf der Umgebungssprache basierendes Schulsystem betonen die Wichtigkeit eines erfolgreichen Zweitspracherwerbs. Mit dem elterlichen Sprachengebrauch – d.h. der in Interaktion mit dem Kind verwendeten Sprache – beleuchtet die vorliegende Studie einen Bereich des Zweitspracherwerbs von Kindern, der bisher kaum Beachtung fand. Anhand einer Längsschnittstichprobe von 431 Vorschulkindern mit Migrationshintergrund (M = 42.5 Monate) wurde untersucht, welche Faktoren den elterlichen Sprachengebrauch vorhersagen und ob der elterliche Sprachengebrauch einen Einfluss auf den Zweitspracherwerb der Kinder ausübt. Der elterliche Sprachengebrauch war assoziiert mit den elterlichen Deutschkenntnissen sowie ihrem Bildungsniveau, jedoch nicht mit der Aufenthaltsdauer der Eltern in der Schweiz, dem Einkommen, dem Geschlecht des Kindes, dem Vorhandensein eines älteren Geschwisters und dem Besuch einer Bildungsinstitution. Es zeigte sich, dass das Verwenden von Deutsch zusätzlich zur Herkunftssprache auch bei guten elterlichen Deutschkenntnissen keinen positiven Effekt auf den Zweitspracherwerb (Deutsch) der Kinder hatte.
A niche for cyanobacteria producing chlorophyll f within a microbial mat
Authors: Ohkubo Satoshi , Miyashita Hideaki
Published: June 2017

Acquisition of additional photosynthetic pigments enables photosynthetic organisms to survive in particular niches. To reveal the ecological significance of chlorophyll (Chl) f, we investigated the distribution of Chl and cyanobacteria within two microbial mats. In a 7-mm-thick microbial mat beneath the running water of the Nakabusa hot spring, Japan, Chl f was only distributed 4.0–6.5 mm below the surface, where the intensity of far-red light (FR) was higher than that of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). In the same mat, two ecotypes of Synechococcus and two ecotypes of Chl f-producing Leptolyngbya were detected in the upper and deeper layers, respectively. Only the Leptolyngbya strains could grow when FR was the sole light source. These results suggest that the deeper layer of the microbial mat was a habitat for Chl f-producing cyanobacteria, and Chl f enabled them to survive in a habitat with little PAR.
Correction: Corrigendum: Adenylate kinase hCINAP determines self-renewal of colorectal cancer stem cells by facilitating LDHA phosphorylation
Authors: Ji Yapeng , Yang Chuanzhen , Tang Zefang , Yang Yongfeng , Tian Yonglu , Yao Hongwei , Zhu Xi , Zhang Zemin , Ji Jiafu , Zheng Xiaofeng
Published: June 2017

Nature Communications 8: Article number:15308 (2017); Published: 18 May 2017; Updated: 16 June 2017 The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Zemin Zhang, which was incorrectly given as Zeming Zhang. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Metal vapor micro-jet controls material redistribution in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Ly Sonny , Rubenchik Alexander M. , Khairallah Saad A. , Guss Gabe , Matthews Manyalibo J.
Published: June 2017

The results of detailed experiments and finite element modeling of metal micro-droplet motion associated with metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes are presented. Ultra high speed imaging of melt pool dynamics reveals that the dominant mechanism leading to micro-droplet ejection in a laser powder bed fusion AM is not from laser induced recoil pressure as is widely believed and found in laser welding processes, but rather from vapor driven entrainment of micro-particles by an ambient gas flow. The physics of droplet ejection under strong evaporative flow is described using simulations of the laser powder bed interactions to elucidate the experimental results. Hydrodynamic drag analysis is used to augment the single phase flow model and explain the entrainment phenomenon for 316 L stainless steel and Ti-6Al-4V powder layers. The relevance of vapor driven entrainment of metal micro-particles to similar fluid dynamic studies in other fields of science will be discussed.
Interactive effects of plant neighbourhood and ontogeny on insect herbivory and plant defensive traits
Authors: Moreira Xoaquín , Glauser Gaétan , Abdala-Roberts Luis
Published: June 2017

Plant ontogenetic stage and features of surrounding plant neighbourhoods can strongly influence herbivory and defences on focal plants. However, the effects of both factors have been assessed independently in previous studies. Here we tested for the independent and interactive effects of neighbourhood type (low vs. high frequency of our focal plant species in heterospecific stands) and ontogeny on leaf herbivory, physical traits and chemical defences of the English oak Quercus robur. We further tested whether plant traits were associated with neighbourhood and ontogenetic effects on herbivory. We found that leaf herbivory decreased in stands with a low frequency of Q. robur, and that saplings received less herbivory than adult trees. Interestingly, we also found interactive effects of these factors where a difference in damage between saplings and adult trees was only observed in stands with a high frequency of Q. robur. We also found strong ontogenetic differences in leaf traits where saplings had more defended leaves than adult trees, and this difference in turn explained ontogenetic differences in herbivory. Plant trait variation did not explain the neighbourhood effect on herbivory. This study builds towards a better understanding of the concurrent effects of plant individual- and community-level characteristics influencing plant-herbivore interactions.
Biomimetic Molecular Signaling using DNA Walkers on Microparticles
Authors: Damase Tulsi Ram , Spencer Adam , Samuel Bamidele , Allen Peter B.
Published: June 2017

We report the release of catalytic DNA walkers from hydrogel microparticles and the detection of those walkers by substrate-coated microparticles. This might be considered a synthetic biology analog of molecular signal release and reception. One type of particles was coated with components of a DNA one-step strand displacement (OSD) reaction to release the walker. A second type of particle was coated with substrate (or “track”) for the molecular walker. We distinguish these particle types using fluorescence barcoding: we synthesized and distinguished multiple particle types with multicolor fluorescence microscopy and automated image analysis software. This represents a step toward amplified, multiplex, and microscopically localized detection based on DNA nanotechnology.
Podoplanin enhances lung cancer cell growth in vivo by inducing platelet aggregation
Authors: Miyata Kenichi , Takemoto Ai , Okumura Sakae , Nishio Makoto , Fujita Naoya
Published: June 2017

Podoplanin/Aggrus, known as a platelet aggregation-inducing factor, is frequently overexpressed in lung squamous cell carcinomas (LSCC) and glioblastomas among other tumours, and its expression has been reported to be correlated with poor prognosis. However, the contribution of podoplanin to malignant progression has been elusive. Here we demonstrate that in podoplanin-positive LSCC cells, their growth was abrogated by podoplanin knockout in vivo but not in vitro. Conversely, ectopic expression of podoplanin promoted cell growth in vivo and facilitated intratumoral platelet activation. Consistently, LSCC cells evoked podoplanin-mediated platelet aggregation (PMPA), and the releasates from platelets during PMPA promoted the growth of LSCC cells in vitro. Phospho-receptor-tyrosine-kinase array analysis revealed that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation of LSCC cells was responsible for the growth promotion induced by platelet releasates. Treatment with an antiplatelet agent or podoplanin-neutralizing antibody depressed the growth of an LSCC tumour xenograft via suppression of EGFR phosphorylation. These results suggested that podoplanin in LSCC enhanced cell growth by inducing PMPA in vivo and contributed to malignant progression.
Ambient effects on electrical characteristics of CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors
Authors: Ahn Jae-Hyuk , Parkin William M. , Naylor Carl H. , Johnson A. T. Charlie , Drndić Marija
Published: June 2017

Monolayer materials are sensitive to their environment because all of the atoms are at their surface. We investigate how exposure to the environment affects the electrical properties of CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 by monitoring electrical parameters of MoS2 field-effect transistors as their environment is changed from atmosphere to high vacuum. The mobility increases and contact resistance decreases simultaneously as either the pressure is reduced or the sample is annealed in vacuum. We see a previously unobserved, non-monotonic change in threshold voltage with decreasing pressure. This result could be explained by charge transfer on the MoS2 channel and Schottky contact formation due to adsorbates at the interface between the gold contacts and MoS2. Additionally, from our electrical measurements it is plausible to infer that at room temperature and pressure water and oxygen molecules adsorbed on the surface act as interface traps and scattering centers with a density of several 1012 cm−2 eV−1, degrading the electrical properties of monolayer MoS2.
Prevention of long-term memory loss after retrieval by an endogenous CaMKII inhibitor
Authors: Vigil Fabio Antonio , Mizuno Keiko , Lucchesi Walter , Valls-Comamala Victoria , Giese Karl Peter
Published: June 2017

CaMK2N1 and CaMK2N2 are endogenous inhibitors of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a key synaptic signaling molecule for learning and memory. Here, we investigated the learning and memory function of CaMK2N1 by knocking-down its expression in dorsal hippocampus of mice. We found that reduced CaMK2N1 expression does not affect contextual fear long-term memory (LTM) formation. However, we show that it impairs maintenance of established LTM, but only if retrieval occurs. CaMK2N1 knockdown prevents a decrease of threonine-286 (T286) autophosphorylation of αCaMKII and increases GluA1 levels in hippocampal synapses after retrieval of contextual fear LTM. CaMK2N1 knockdown can also increase CaMK2N2 expression, but we show that such increased expression does not affect LTM after retrieval. We also found that substantial overexpression of CaMK2N2 in dorsal hippocampus impairs LTM formation, but not LTM maintenance, suggesting that CaMKII activity is not required for LTM storage. Taken together, we propose a specific function for CaMK2N1; enabling LTM maintenance after retrieval by inhibiting T286 autophosphorylation of αCaMKII.
Toughening Fe-based Amorphous Coatings by Reinforcement of Amorphous Carbon
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Zhi-Wei , Li Yi-Cheng , Yasir Muhammad , Wang Hai-Tao , Liu Lin
Published: June 2017

Toughening of Fe-based amorphous coatings meanwhile maintaining a good corrosion resistance remains challenging. This work reports a novel approach to improve the toughness of a FeCrMoCBY amorphous coating throughin-situformation of amorphous carbon reinforcement without reducing the corrosion resistance. The Fe-based composite coating was prepared by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying using a pre-mixed Fe-based amorphous/nylon-11 polymer feedstock powders. The nylon-11 powders werein-situcarbonized to amorphous carbon phase during thermal spraying process, which homogeneously distributed in the amorphous matrix leading to significant enhancement of toughness of the coating. The mechanical properties, including hardness, impact resistance, bending and fatigue strength, were extensively studied by using a series of mechanical testing techniques. The results revealed that the composite coating reinforced by amorphous carbon phase exhibited enhanced impact resistance and nearly twice-higher fatigue strength than that of the monolithic amorphous coating. The enhancement of impact toughness and fatigue properties is owed to the dumping effect of the soft amorphous carbon phase, which alleviated stress concentration and decreased crack propagation driving force.
Erratum: SWIM: a computational tool to unveiling crucial nodes in complex biological networks
Authors: Paci Paola , Colombo Teresa , Fiscon Giulia , Gurtner Aymone , Pavesi Giulio , Farina Lorenzo
Published: June 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 44797; published online: 20 March 2017; updated: 16 June 2017. In the HTML version of this Article, Figure 6 was incorrect. The correct Figure 6 appears below as Figure 1. This error has been corrected in the HTML version of the Article; the PDF version was correct at the time of publication.
Quantitation of fentanyl analogs in dried blood spots by flow-through desorption coupled to online solid phase extraction tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Shaner Rebecca L. , Schulze Nicholas D. , Seymour Craig , Hamelin Elizabeth I. , Thomas Jerry D. , Johnson Rudolph C.
Published: June 2017

An automated dried blood spot (DBS) elution coupled with solid phase extraction and tandem mass spectrometric analysis for multiple fentanyl analogs was developed and assessed.
Computational design of cephradine synthase in a new scaffold identified from structural databases
Authors: Huang Xiaoqiang , Xue Jing , Zhu Yushan
Published: June 2017

A new protein scaffold was identified and redesigned to catalyze the synthesis of β-lactam antibiotic cephradine.
Orthogonal electronic coupling in multicentre arylamine mixed-valence compounds based on a dibenzofulvene–thiophene conjugated bridge
Authors: Beneduci A. , Corrente G. A. , Fabiano E. , Maltese V. , Cospito S. , Ciccarella G. , Chidichimo G. , Gigli G. , Capodilupo A.-L.
Published: June 2017

Novel H-shaped tetrarylamine mixed valence compounds showing orthogonal electronic coupling generate voltage-dependent electro-optical modulation in the near infrared region.
Record-high thermal barrier of the relaxation of magnetization in the nitride clusterfullerene Dy2ScN@C80-Ih
Authors: Krylov D. S. , Liu F. , Avdoshenko S. M. , Spree L. , Weise B. , Waske A. , Wolter A. U. B. , Büchner B. , Popov A. A.
Published: June 2017

Thermally-activated relaxation of the magnetization in the Dy-Sc nitride clusterfullerene Dy2ScN@C80-Ih proceeds via the fifth-excited Kramers doublet with the energy barrier of 1735 K.
Templated and self-limiting calcite formation directed by coccolith organic macromolecules
Authors: Gal Assaf , Wirth Richard , Barkay Zahava , Eliaz Noam , Scheffel André , Faivre Damien
Published: June 2017

Soluble macromolecules and insoluble organic templates of biological origin facilitate a two-step crystallization process that results in thin, single-crystalline films of calcite.
Gram-scale production of nitrogen doped graphene using a 1,3-dipolar organic precursor and its utilisation as a stable, metal free oxygen evolution reaction catalyst
Authors: Bayazit Mustafa K. , Moniz Savio J. A. , Coleman Karl S.
Published: June 2017

For the first time, a one-step scalable synthesis of a few-layer ∼10% nitrogen doped (N-doped) graphene nanosheets (GNSs) from a stable but highly reactive 1,3-dipolar organic precursor is reported.
Surface restructuring of Cu-based single-atom alloy catalysts under reaction conditions: the essential role of adsorbates
Authors: Yang Kunran , Yang Bo
Published: June 2017

The stabilities and catalytic performances of single-atom alloy (SAA) structures under the reaction conditions of acetylene hydrogenation are thoroughly examined utilizing density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
CoN3 embedded graphene, a potential catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction from a theoretical perspective
Authors: Sun Xiaoxu , Li Kai , Yin Cong , Wang Ying , He Feng , Tang Hao , Wu Zhijian
Published: June 2017

Non-precious metal catalysts have attracted particular interest in recent years due to their promising ORR (oxygen reduction reaction) activity in fuel cells.
Dye-sensitized lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Xindong , Valiev Rashid R. , Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y. , Ågren Hans , Yang Chunhui , Chen Guanying
Published: June 2017

Dye sensitized lanthanide upconversion entails optical upconversion with unprecedented luminescence brightness and broadband excitation wavelength.
Comparison studies of hybrid lead halide [MPb2X7]2− (M = Cu, Ag; X = Br, I) chains: band structures and visible light driven photocatalytic properties
Authors: Yue Cheng-Yang , Lei Xiao-Wu , Lu Xin-Xiu , Li Yan , Wei Jun-Chao , Wang Wei , Yin Yun-Dong , Wang Ning
Published: June 2017

A series of inorganic–organic hybrid heterometallic halides of [TM(2,2-bipy)3]MPb2X7 (M = Ag/Cu, X = Br, I) have been solvothermally prepared with visible light driven photocatalytic properties.
Sterically encumbered metalla-diphosphines: unlocking alkyne rotation by PtII coordination
Authors: Helmdach Kai , Dörk Stephan , Villinger Alexander , Seidel Wolfram W.
Published: June 2017

Chelate coordination of a redoxactive metalla-diphosphine at PtCl2 changes the electronic structure at the alkyne complex moiety significantly, which is reflected in the onset of rotational isomerism.
Evaluation of a compact VUV spectrometer for elemental imaging by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: application to mine core characterization
Authors: Trichard F. , Moncayo S. , Devismes D. , Pelascini F. , Maurelli J. , Feugier A. , Sasseville C. , Surma F. , Motto-Ros V.
Published: June 2017

This work introduces a new approach to perform LIBS elemental imaging in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) wavelength range by using an argon purged probe coupled to a compact spectrometer.
Porous PDMS structures for the storage and release of aqueous solutions into fluidic environments
Authors: Thurgood Peter , Baratchi Sara , Szydzik Crispin , Mitchell Arnan , Khoshmanesh Khashayar
Published: June 2017

This work introduces a highly porous PDMS sponge for the storage and passive release of aqueous solutions, acting as a building block for self-sufficient microfluidic systems.
One-pot synthesis of Co/N-doped mesoporous graphene with embedded Co/CoOx nanoparticles for efficient oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Niu Yanli , Huang Xiaoqin , Wu Xiaoshuai , Zhao Lei , Hu Weihua , Ming Li Chang
Published: June 2017

Exploration of sustainable electrocatalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with high catalytic activity remains a key challenge in the development of metal–air batteries and fuel cells.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel acyclic and cyclic glyoxamide based derivatives as bacterial quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitors
Authors: Nizalapur Shashidhar , Kimyon Onder , Yee Eugene , Bhadbhade Mohan M. , Manefield Mike , Willcox Mark , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh
Published: June 2017

Novel acyclic and cyclic glyoxamides that inhibited quorum sensing mechanism and biofilm formation in Gram-negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa and E. coli.
Photo-reversible bonding and cleavage of block copolymers
Authors: Telitel Siham , Blasco Eva , Bangert Lukas D. , Schacher Felix H. , Goldmann Anja S. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: June 2017

We introduce a synthetic avenue for the completely photoreversible formation of block copolymers based on anthracene chemistry.
Chemical tuning of dynamic cation off-centering in the cubic phases of hybrid tin and lead halide perovskites
Authors: Laurita Geneva , Fabini Douglas H. , Stoumpos Constantinos C. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Seshadri Ram
Published: June 2017

We reveal here a key aspect of the inorganic framework of hybrid halide perovskites that potentially impacts the electronic, thermal, and dielectric properties.
Mono-N-protected amino acid ligands stabilize dimeric palladium(ii) complexes of importance to C–H functionalization
Authors: Gair Joseph J. , Haines Brandon E. , Filatov Alexander S. , Musaev Djamaladdin G. , Lewis Jared C.
Published: June 2017

C–H activation, C–H functionalization, cyclopalladation, mono-protected amino acid, dimeric Pd amino acid complexes, MPAA coordination, relay of stereochemistry.
Correction: Simple mono-halogenated perylene diimides as non-fullerene electron transporting materials in inverted perovskite solar cells with ZnO nanoparticle cathode buffer layers
Authors: Wu Jhao-lin , Huang Wen-Kuan , Chang Yu-Chia , Tsai Bo-Chou , Hsiao Yu-Cheng , Chang Chih-Yu , Chen Chin-Ti , Chen Chao-Tsen
Published: June 2017

Correction for ‘Simple mono-halogenated perylene diimides as non-fullerene electron transporting materials in inverted perovskite solar cells with ZnO nanoparticle cathode buffer layers’ by Jhao-lin Wu et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7ta02617j.
Tripartite motif containing 25 promotes proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells through TGF-β signaling
Authors: Sun Nianfeng , Xue Yu , Dai Ting , Li Xiding , Zheng Nanxiang
Published: June 2017

Tripartite motif containing 25 (TRIM25) is a member of TRIM proteins and functions as an E3 (ubiquitin ligase). It has been found to act as an oncogene in gastric cancer cells and is abnormally expressed in cancers in female reproductive system. Here, we investigated the function of TRIM25 in colorectal cancer. TRIM25 was found to be significantly up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues and cancer cell lines through real-time PCR assay. Colorectal cancer cells (CRCs) overexpressing TRIM25 exhibited a two-fold higher proliferation and migration rate compared with their parental lines in vitro. Moreover, TRIM25 also promoted tumor progression in vivo. Further study indicated that TRIM25 worked through positively regulating transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway to regulate the proliferation and invasion of CRCs. In summary, our results indicate that TRIM25 also acts as an oncogene in colorectal cancer and it functions through TGF-β signaling pathway. Thus, TRIM25 represents potential targets for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Free Tissue Transfers for Head and Neck Reconstruction in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease on Dialysis: Analysis of Outcomes Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Sharaf Basel , Martinez-Jorge Jorys , Moran Steven , Mardini Samir , Chen Hung-Chi , Bite Uldis , Cheng Hsu-Tang , Manrique Oscar
Published: June 2017

Background Patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are increasing at around 5% annually. Some of these patients will require free tissue transfers to reconstruct their body after trauma or cancer resection. Comorbidities can increase the level of complexity during reconstruction.

Aim Our goal is to describe the outcomes of ESRD patients under dialysis who underwent free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction.

Methods Two cohorts were analyzed: ESRD group on dialysis and a non-ESRD control group after free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction. Postoperative complications and mortality were recorded. For coexisting comorbidities, we determine the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD).

Results In this study, 85 cases with ESRD on dialysis and 841 controls were analyzed. Most patients were aged ≤ 65 years (82.5%) and nearly 92.9% of them were men. Types of head and neck cancer were neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of the mouth followed by neoplasm of tongue, the gingiva, hypopharynx, and floor of mouth. Patients with ESRD tended to have higher rates of DM and PVD (p < 0.001) and were significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke and increased risk of 30-day mortality. However, there was no significant difference regarding flap failure among groups.

Conclusion Despite greater preoperative risk factors, patients with renal failure on hemodialysis do not appear to have a higher rate of free flap failure following head and neck reconstruction. However, other complications can be minimized by optimizing patient's medical condition to succeed with this reconstructive effort.
Impact of Pregnancy on Maternal Cardiac Atria
Authors: Nelson David , Stewart Robert , Matulevicius Susan , McIntire Donald , Cunningham F. , Martin Robert
Published: June 2017

Objective The aim of this study was to assess atrial changes across pregnancy and postpartum using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) to measure atrial end-diastolic volume (EDV).

Study Design This was a 2-year prospective observational study of healthy nulliparous women. Each underwent serial cMRI in both maternal left lateral and supine positions at five epochs: 12 to 16 weeks, 26 to 30 weeks, 32 to 36 weeks, within 48 hours after delivery, and 12 weeks postpartum. EDV was calculated and compared with 12-week postpartum values.

Results A total of 24 women completed the study. One woman developed preeclampsia, and her data were excluded. Mean age was 27 ± 2.8 years, and mean body mass index was 25.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2. Left atrial EDV increased by 12 weeks (p = 0.045) and remained significantly elevated through 32 to 36 (p < 0.0001) weeks. Maternal lateral positioning was associated with larger left atrial EDV after 12 weeks. Right atrial EDV was significantly elevated at 26 to 30 (p = 0.04) and 32 to 36 (p = 0.02) weeks in the lateral position, though there was no difference in the supine position.

Conclusion We documented a significant increase in EDV for both atria during pregnancy. Volume changes were greater in the lateral compared with the supine position, with the most dramatic changes in left atrium at 32 to 36 weeks.
First principles study of 2D layered organohalide tin perovskites
Authors: Fraccarollo Alberto , Canti Lorenzo , Marchese Leonardo , Cossi Maurizio
Published: June 2017

This article describes the structure and the electronic properties of a series of layered perovskites of a general formula (A+)2(SnX4)−2 where X = I, Br and A+ is an organic cation, either formamidinium, 1-methylimidazolium, or phenylethylammonium. For each system, two conformations are considered, with eclipsed or staggered stacking of the adjacent inorganic layers. Geometry optimizations are performed at the density functional theory level with generalized gradient approximation (GGA) functional and semiempirical correction for dispersion energies; band profiles and bandgaps are computed including both spin orbit coupling (SOC) and correlation (GW) effects through an additive scheme. The theoretical procedures are validated by reproducing the experimental data of a well known 3D tin iodide perovskite. The results, combined with the calculations previously reported on PbI4 analogues, allow us to discuss the effect of cation, metal, and halide substitution in these systems and in particular to explore the possibility of changing the electronic bandgap as required by different applications. The balance of SOC and GW effects depends on the chemical nature of the studied perovskites and strongly influences the value of the simulated bandgap.
The impact of cell regeneration on the dynamics of viral coinfection
Authors: Pinky Lubna , Dobrovolny Hana M.
Published: June 2017

Many mathematical models of respiratory viral infections do not include regeneration of cells within the respiratory tract, arguing that the infection is resolved before there is significant cellular regeneration. However, recent studies have found that ∼40% of patients hospitalized with influenza-like illness are infected with at least two different viruses, which could potentially lead to longer-lasting infections. In these longer infections, cell regeneration might affect the infection dynamics, in particular, allowing for the possibility of chronic coinfections. Several mathematical models have been used to describe cell regeneration in infection models, though the effect of model choice on the predicted time course of viral coinfections is not clear. We investigate four mathematical models incorporating different mechanisms of cell regeneration during respiratory viral coinfection to determine the effect of cell regeneration on infection dynamics. We perform linear stability analysis for each of the models and find the steady states analytically. The analysis suggests that chronic illness is possible but only with one viral species; chronic coexistence of two different viral species is not possible with the regeneration models considered here.
Surface passivation and aging of InGaAs/InP heterojunction phototransistors
Authors: Park Min-Su , Razaei Mohsen , Barnhart Katie , Tan Chee Leong , Mohseni Hooman
Published: June 2017

We report the effect of different surface treatment and passivation techniques on the stability of InGaAs/InP heterojunction phototransistors (HPTs). An In0.53Ga0.47As surface passivated with aqueous ammonium sulfide ((NH4)2S), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and their combination is evaluated by using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All samples were kept in the air ambient, and their performances were periodically measured to investigate their long-term stability. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the peak intensity of the GaAs-like longitudinal optical phonon of all passivated samples is decreased compared with that of the control sample. This is attributable to the diminution of the carriers near the passivated surfaces, which was proven by extracted surface potential (Vs). The Vs of all passivated samples was decreased to less than half of that for the control sample. XPS evaluation of As3d spectra showed that arsenic oxides (As2O3 and As2O5) on the surfaces of the samples can be removed by passivation. However, both Raman and XPS spectra show that the (NH4)2S passivated sample reverts back over time and will resemble the untreated control sample. When capped with ALD-grown Al2O3, passivated samples irrespective of the pretreatment show no degradation over the measured time of 4 weeks. Similar conclusions are made from our experimental measurement of the performance of differently passivated HPTs. The ALD-grown Al2O3 passivated devices show an improved optical gain at low optical powers and long-term stability.
Acclimation to light and avoidance of photoinhibition in Typha latifolia is associated with high photosynthetic capacity and xanthophyll pigment content
Authors: Jespersen Emil , Brix Hans , Sorrell Brian K.
Published: June 2017

Tall monocots with long, linear leaves have lower canopy light attenuation than plants with horizontal leaves, yet little is known about their light acclimation and sun–shade responses. The genus Typha, common in nutrient-rich wetlands, is highly productive with dense canopies of such leaves. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate photosynthetic acclimation and pigment content in linear leaves of Typha latifolia L. in response to light availability. This was done in a growth experiment with two light intensities and in the field. In the laboratory, T. latifolia exhibited typical morphological, anatomical and gas exchange sun–shade responses. Net photosynthesis rates in high light were very high for a C3 plant (>40 µmol CO2 m–2 s–1) in both laboratory and field studies, and this was associated with stomatal conductances that were correspondingly high (maximum values >1.0 mol H2O m–2 s–1). The size of the xanthophyll (violaxanthin, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin; VAZ) pool was also among the top 0.5% of all species. In the field, T. latifolia was able to maintain high net photosynthetic rates (26–41 µmol CO2 m–2 s–1) throughout its canopy and could avoid photoinhibition through high investment in the VAZ pool (0.7–1.3 µmol g–1 DW total VAZ pigments). This pattern of acclimation is likely to be adaptive, explaining why this species is so successful and dominant in high-light, high-nutrient wetland environments.
Uptake, prevalence and predictors of first-time use for the 75+ Health Assessment Scheme
Authors: Dolja-Gore Xenia , Tavener Meredith , Majeed Tazeen , Nair Balakrishnan R. , Byles Julie E.
Published: June 2017

In 1999, the Australian Federal Government introduced Medicare items for Health Assessments for people aged 75 years and older (75+ health assessments). This research examined uptake of these assessments and identified predictors of use by women from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH). Assessments were identified for each year from 1999 to 2013 using linked Medicare data. Time to first assessment was examined, as well as social and health factors associated with having an assessment. From 1999 to 2013, 61.8% of women had at least one assessment. Almost one-third had an assessment within 2 years of their introduction, 25% of women died before having an assessment and 13% survived but did not have an assessment. Factors associated with assessment included being widowed, private health insurance, marital status, education, having arthritis and urinary incontinence, and less difficulty managing on income. Many women never received an assessment, and many only received one. Promotion of the 75+ health assessments is necessary among older women to increase uptake.
Comparative effects of crop residue incorporation and inorganic potassium fertilisation on apparent potassium balance and soil potassium pools under a wheat–cotton system
Authors: Sui Ning , Yu Chaoran , Song Guanglei , Zhang Fan , Liu Ruixian , Yang Changqin , Meng Yali , Zhou Zhiguo
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of consecutive crop residue incorporation and potassium (K) fertilisation on plant–soil K balance, K forms, K release and K fixation capacity under wheat–cotton rotation at Nanjing and Dafeng in China. Six treatments were evaluated: control (without K input), wheat straw at 0.9tha–1, cotton residue at 0.7tha–1, wheat straw and cotton residue at the aforementioned rates, and 150 and 300kg ha–1 fertiliser K. Treatments in each rotation year had an identical rate of nitrogen and phosphate fertiliser application. The initial soil K content was higher in Dafeng than Nanjing. In the low K content soil of Nanjing, crop K uptake with double crop straw was significantly higher than that under single crop straw return or inorganic fertiliser, and K uptake increased with increasing K inputs. Only double crop straw or 300kg ha–1 fertiliser K treatments reached apparent K balance in Nanjing, but not in Dafeng. The high negative K balance resulted from the elevated K removal by crops in Dafeng. Incorporation of double crop residues favoured accumulation of different forms of K. Application of K fertiliser tended to increase soil water-soluble K, and crop residue incorporation greatly improved non-exchangeable K at a depth of 0–20cm. Similar to K fertiliser, crop residue incorporation significantly increased soil K release and decreased K fixation at both sites. In summary, in a 3-year field experiment, crop residue incorporation and inorganic K fertilisation had similar effects on soil K pools and balance depending on initial soil K level and actual K input.
Vitamin E effects on paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - mini review.
Authors: Papandreou D.
Published: June 2017

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease among children. One of the features of fatty liver disease is high level of serum aminotransferases, which indicates liver cells damage. Antioxidants, reduce the effect of oxidant chemicals, which are produced in liver cells during the disease process. It has been suggested that vitamin E may have a therapeutic effect on fatty liver. The results of the research about the effects of vitamin E in fatty liver disease are controversial. This review will discuss the most updated information on the role and effects of vitamin E on NAFLD.
Negotiating meaning through costume and social media in Bulgarian Muslims’ communities of practice
Authors: Olson Laura J.
Published: June 2017

This paper shows how contemporary believers are negotiating a new identity of Islamic piety in Bulgarian Muslim communities. Driven by communal memory of repression and contemporary Islamophobia, Bulgarian Muslims have created communities of practice (Wenger 1998), participatory groups that share a common interest in learning more about their faith. Communities function on multiple levels: there are small pockets of Islamic activity at the local level, and at a broader level, an imagined community of Bulgarian-speaking Muslims connected to an imagined global Islamic community, the ummah. The practices examined here include face-to-face activities, such as learning to read the Qur'an and prayers in Arabic, learning Islamic principles and practice, and talking about faith in mosques and homes in Bulgaria. This paper also examines virtual practices, such as discussing faith on social media. The article focuses on women's and girls’ Qur'an reading groups and discussions about wearing hijab, and it examines an online mixed-gender discussion of daily prayers. Such grassroots practice of Islam fosters a newly articulate and participatory version of religion, embracing and encouraging believers’ literacy and knowledge, activism, and agency. The mutual goals, repertoires, and activities of this community of practice create a sense of commonality and cohesiveness, while leaving room for some diversity of focus.
Energy Drinks and Alcohol-Related Risk among Young Adults
Authors: Caviness Celeste M. , Anderson Bradley J. , Stein Michael D.
Published: June 2017

Background

Energy drink consumption, with or without concurrent alcohol use, is common among young adults. This study sought to clarify risk for negative alcohol outcomes related to the timing of energy drink use.

Methods

The authors interviewed a community sample of 481 young adults, aged 18–25, who drank alcohol in the last month. Past-30-day energy drink use was operationalized as no-use, use without concurrent alcohol, and concurrent use of energy drinks with alcohol (“within a couple of hours”). Negative alcohol outcomes included past-30-day binge drinking, past-30-day alcohol use disorder, and drinking-related consequences.

Results

Just over half (50.5%) reported no use of energy drinks,18.3% reported using energy drinks without concurrent alcohol use, and 31.2% reported concurrent use of energy drinks and alcohol. Relative to those who reported concurrent use of energy drinks with alcohol, and controlling for background characteristics and frequency of alcohol consumption, those who didn't use energy drinks and those who used without concurrent alcohol use had significantly lower binge drinking, negative consequences, and rates of alcohol use disorder ( P < .05 for all outcomes). There were no significant differences between the no-use and energy drink without concurrent alcohol groups on any alcohol-related measure ( P > .10 for all outcomes).

Conclusions

Concurrent energy drink and alcohol use is associated with increased risk for negative alcohol consequences in young adults. Clinicians providing care to young adults could consider asking patients about concurrent energy drink and alcohol use as a way to begin a conversation about risky alcohol consumption while addressing 2 substances commonly used by this population.
Differences in glucose yield of residues from among varieties of rice, wheat, and sorghum after dilute acid pretreatment
Authors: Teramura Hiroshi , Sasaki Kengo , Kawaguchi Hideo , Matsuda Fumio , Kikuchi Jun , Shirai Tomokazu , Sazuka Takashi , Yamasaki Masanori , Takumi Shigeo , Ogino Chiaki , Kondo Akihiko
Published: June 2017

Bio-refinery processes require use of the most suitable lignocellulosic biomass for enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation. Glucose yield from biomass solid fractions obtained after dilute sulfuric acid (1%) pretreatment (at 180 °C) was investigated using 14, 8, and 16 varieties of rice, wheat, and sorghum, respectively. Biomass solid fractions of each crop showed similar cellulose content. However, glucose yield after enzymatic hydrolysis (cellulase loading at 6.6 filter paper unit/g-biomass) was different among the varieties of each crop, indicating genotypic differences for rice, wheat, and sorghum. Nuclear magnetic resonance method revealed that the high residual level of lignin aromatic regions decreased glucose yield from solid fraction of sorghum.
Exogenous proline enhances the sensitivity of Tobacco BY-2 cells to arsenate
Authors: Nahar Mst Nur-E-Nazmun , Islam Mohammad Muzahidul , Hoque Md Anamul , Yonezawa Anna , Prodhan Md Yeasin , Nakamura Toshiyuki , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Munemasa Shintaro , Murata Yoshiyuki
Published: June 2017

Arsenic causes physiological and structural disorders in plants. Proline is accumulated as a compatible solute in plants under various stress conditions and mitigates stresses. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous proline on tobacco Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cultured cells under stress. Arsenate did not inhibit BY-2 cell growth at 40 and 50 μM but did it at 60 μM. Proline at 0.5 to 10 mM did not affect the cell growth but delayed it at 20 mM. At 40 μM , neither 0.5 mM nor 1 mM proline affected the cell growth but 10 mM proline inhibited it. In the presence of , 10 mM proline increased the number of Evans Blue-stained (dead) cells and decreased the number of total cells. Together, our results suggest that exogenous proline does not alleviate arsenate toxicity but enhances the sensitivity of BY-2 cells to arsenate.
Andrea Ventura: Decrypting noncoding RNAs
Authors: Casadio Melina
Published: June 2017

Ventura explores the biological functions of noncoding RNAs in cancer and development.