bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Miniature Sorbent-Coated Capillary Device for Efficient Breath VOC Capture and Analysis
Authors: Abdel-Rehim Abbi , Abdel-Rehim Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Non-invasive breath analysis holds immense potential for early-stage cancer detection due to its ease of sample collection and the presence of disease-specific volatile organic compound (VOC) markers. Existing methods often face limitations in portability, sample-to-analysis speed, or capture efficiency. Here, we present a novel miniaturized device utilizing a sorbent-coated capillary for rapid and efficient capture of diverse VOCs directly from exhaled breath. Utilizing a liquid polymer-based sorbent, the device successfully captured four VOCs from real breath samples, demonstrating its potential for broader VOC detection and disease-specific analysis.
Odd-even Effects Leading to Alternating Polymerization and Macrocyclization in Nitroaldol Reaction Systems
Authors: Qi Yunchuan , Ayinla Mubarak , Yang Zhen , Ramstrom Olof
Published: December 2024

Alternating macrocyclization and polymerization was observed in dynamic nitroaldol reaction systems. The reaction of an aromatic dialdehyde reacting with linear α,ω-dinitroalkanes with even numbers of carbon atoms favored the formation of lowellane macrocycles, while the reactions involving dinitrocompounds consisted of odd numbers of carbon atoms promoted polymerization. The folding patterns of the alkyl chains played an important factor in determining the outcome of the reactions.
LlaMa meets Cheburashka: impact of cultural background for LLM quiz reasoning
Authors: Lifar Mikhail , Protsenko Bogdan , Kupriianenko Daniil , Chubkov Nazar , Kulaev Kirill , Guda Alexander , Soldatov Alexander , Piontkovskaya Irina
Published: December 2024

Quiz games is the type of intellectual competition which are well suited for testing LLMs reasoning and problem solving skills. Indeed, a good quiz puzzle requires not only factual knowledge, but also the ability to analyze clues given in question, generate hypothesis, and choose the best one using logical reasoning and subtle hints. Recently, modern LLMs have made significant progress in general reasoning tasks, making this kind of evaluation extremely interesting. In this paper, we address a major limitation in the current LLMs' assessment: the models are usually evaluated on English language, or on the multi-lingual benchmarks reflecting English-centric culture, obtained by the translation from the English originals. In the contrary, we test the ability of the modern LLM to deal with the questions of real human quiz games from non-English-speaking society. Namely, we apply LlaMa3-405B to solve the quiz tasks created by the "What?Where?When?" Russian-speaking intellectual gaming community. First, we show, that although the LLM demonstrates strong reasoning and linguistic proficiency in Russian language, the performance diminishes significantly because of the poor knowledge of culture-specific facts. Second, we show the importance of the reasoning strategy choice for answering medium-difficulty questions, for which the model "posses" the necessary knowledge, but the correct answer cannot be given immediately. Evaluating several single- and multi-agent approaches, we obtain 6\% improvement in the overall accuracy comparing to the baseline step-by-step reasoning.
Methodological aspects of analysis of production costs of an industrial enterprise
Authors: Nesterenko O. , Khudiakova D.
Published: December 2024

The article is aimed at substantiating the methodological and organisational provisions of the analysis of costs of production of industrial products and developing recommendations for their use at industrial enterprises to improve their competitiveness. The article substantiates that in order to achieve efficiency and sustainability of production processes, it is important for industrial enterprises to systematically improve their cost management strategies. The theoretical provisions of cost analysis are substantiated. Approaches to organising and conducting cost analysis are systematised. A conceptual model for analysing production costs of an industrial enterprise has been developed, which includes the purpose of production cost analysis, its tasks, subjects, objects, principles, and methodological tools. The priority tasks of analysing the production costs of an industrial enterprise include: efficiency of the production process; determination of the cost of production; planning and control of budgets; and managerial decision-making. It is substantiated that the costs of production of industrial products are closely interrelated with some indicators of production efficiency, such as: indicators of profitability, liquidity, financial stability of enterprise. The analysis of production efficiency indicators is carried out on the example of the activities of the production and trading enterprise "PTC "ECMI" LLC. To analyse liquidity, the following indicators are used: total liquidity ratio, intermediate liquidity ratio and absolute liquidity ratio. The following indicators were used to analyse financial stability: autonomy ratio, financial stability ratio and financial risk ratio. To analyse profitability, the following indicators were used: return on assets (total), return on operating expenses, and return on sales. In order to assess changes in the structure of production costs, the article analyses the cost by cost elements, estimates their total volume, structural changes, and traces the dynamics of changes in the period from 2020 to 2022. The results of the analysis show that the company has optimised its costs, which has led to their reduction and increase in profitability. It is substantiated that an efficiently established analytical system enables the enterprise to timely monitor changes in production and prevent cost overruns, theft and inefficient use of raw materials, which is especially relevant during the period of military aggression in our country.
Features of formation and accounting of registered (share) capital for enterprises of various organizational and legal forms
Authors: Kosata I. , Diahileva O. , Peredera A.
Published: December 2024

The accounting of registered capital is a crucial aspect of the financial activities of any company. It determines its financial potential, influences its creditworthiness, and attractiveness to investors. A profound understanding of the processes of formation and accounting of registered (equity) capital not only ensures the reliability of financial reporting but also serves as a factor in managerial resources, strategic planning, and attracting investments for further development. This article discusses the peculiarities of forming registered (equity) capital by components according to the characteristics of different legal entities and forms of ownership. It reflects the definition of registered (equity) capital according to IFRS and other legislative documents. A detailed description of the subaccounts of account 40 "Registered (Equity) Capital" is provided, including statutory, payment, and other registered capital. Various types of economic entities are identified and characterized: joint-stock company, limited liability company, additional liability company, general partnership, and limited partnership. The difference between the concepts of statutory, registered, equity, and other registered capital is outlined. Legislative regulation of the creation and amendments to registered capital is highlighted. Founding documents, minimum initial contribution size, minimum statutory capital size, line for initial external capital injection, and maximum term for forming statutory capital are reflected for each organizational and legal form. Special attention is paid to the accounting of registered (equity) capital, considering its components in the context of the formation of economic entities with all organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership. The article thoroughly analyzes the principles and methodology of accounting for registered capital for different types of organizations and provides examples of the most common transactions related to the creation and accounting of registered capital. Clear definitions of requirements and standards regulating this process are also provided.
ILIBERALISMO NO BRASIL? REFLEXÕES SOBRE AS PROPOSTAS DE GOVERNO BOLSONARISTAS NAS ELEIÇÕES DE 2018 E SUA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira De Sá Mariana
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as propostas de governo apresentadas por Jair Bolsonaro nas eleições presidenciais no Brasil no ano de 2018, e sua implementação durante o mandato, de modo a identificar características de um projeto de governo iliberal. O problema que guia a investigação é saber se é possível identificar características de um governo iliberal nas propostas apresentadas por Jair Bolsonaro, e quais seriam os principais traços do iliberalismo. Buscou-se apresentar o núcleo ideacional do iliberalismo e correlacioná-lo com o plano de governo de Bolsonaro. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa exploratória, conciliando a análise bibliográfica com a experimentação social do contexto brasileiro nas eleições de 2018, com as propostas de governo do presidente Jair Messias Bolsonaro. Com os resultados alcançados, foi possível verificar que as características do iliberalismo encontram-se presente, em alguma medida, no movimento bolsonarista, e que tais propostas colocam em risco a integridade do Estado de Direito.
Numerical and Experimental Study on the Wave-Attenuation Effect According to the Height of a Two-Row Submerged Rectangular Structure
Authors: Yu Seonghee , Lee Sanghun , Heo Sanghwan , Koo Weoncheol
Published: December 2024

Coastal erosion, exacerbated by climate change and coastal development, presents increasing challenges for shoreline protection. This study investigates the effectiveness of submerged structures, specifically underwater breakwaters, in mitigating wave energy while supporting coastal ecosystems. The reflection and transmission coefficients of a two-row submerged rectangular structure at various heights were evaluated. Numerical simulations utilized the boundary element method (BEM) for potential flow analysis and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for viscous flow assessment. Experimental validation was conducted in a two-dimensional wave tank at Inha University, measuring wave heights before and after interaction with the submerged structures. Results revealed that increasing structure height led to higher reflection coefficients and lower transmission coefficients. When the front structure was higher, the dissipation coefficient reached a maximum of 0.17. Maximum reflection and minimum transmission coefficients were observed under Bragg reflection conditions when the spacing matched half the incident wavelength. Discrepancies between CFD and BEM results were attributed to fluid viscosity effects. These findings underscore the potential of submerged structures to enhance wave attenuation, demonstrating that carefully optimized designs can significantly improve coastal protection.
Metadata Forensic Analysis as Support for Digital Investigation Process by Utilizing Metadata-Extractor
Authors: Arizona Nanda Diaz , Nugroho Muhammad Agung , Syujak Ahmad Rois , Saputra Rizqi Kurniawan , Sulistyowati Istri
Published: December 2024

Abstract — The rapid development of technology in the current era, in addition to providing positive impacts, certainly also has negative impacts. In Indonesia, based on data from the Cyber Crime Directorate (Dittipidsiber) website, the crime rate related to the ITE Law (Information and Electronic Transactions) is increasing day by day. This encourages digital forensic investigators to be able to develop a concept or method that can be adjusted to digital cases, for example cases of digital data manipulation such as photos or documents. Metadata is an information structure that describes, explains, places in a place or makes it easier to find something, use or manage and sources of information. Metadata can also be interpreted as data about data or information about information. One method or approach that can be done in cases of digital files (photos, videos or documents) can be done using forensic metadata analysis. This is because metadata stores information related to a file. By developing a library from java (metadata-extractor) based on open source and developed in the Netbeans 8.0 application, it will make it easier for an investigator or forensic investigator to conduct a forensic metadata approach, which is expected from the results can be used as valid evidence in the digital forensic investigation process. Keywords – Metadata, Digital Forensics, Cyber Crime, Metadata Analysis, Digital Evidence
Intellectual Property in Relation to Translations from a Spanish Legal Perspective
Authors: Ribera Blanes Begoña
Published: December 2024

In Spain, it is quite common for translators to see their intellectual property rights infringed by publishers without the infringement reaching the courts, let alone the high court, our Supreme Court. In the case discussed here, a publisher incorporated the complete translation of a short story into an anthology of Japanese literature without the author’s permission; such use is not covered as an example of quotation or by any of the exceptions to copyright provided for in current Spanish legislation. The incorporation of another’s copyrighted work, however brief it may be, and its subsequent publication in an anthology of texts without the author’s permission constitute an infringement of the copyright on the translation.
Intellectual Property Challenges for Works Created by Generative Artificial Intelligence Systems from a Spanish Perspective
Authors: Węgrzak Małgorzata , Saiz García Concepción
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the field of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), raises complex questions about data use and copyright protection. This article explores the significant transition from AI models relying on human influence to achieving near-complete autonomy, presenting formidable challenges to existing copyright laws. As AI-generated creations gain widespread use, debates about copyright eligibility and the recognition of AI as a creator emerge. This article also argues against granting copyright to AI creators because their products lack human influence. The nature of GenAI is discussed, distinguishing it from other AI models, assessing the extent of human input required and questioning the application of current intellectual property laws. The article also follows the evolution of AI in creativity, outlining three phases marked by technological advances. The diminishing role of human intervention in the creative process is highlighted, a diminution particularly evident in contemporary models such as ChatGPT. Unlike human creators, algorithms lack awareness and influence, undermining the need for copyright protection. Ongoing legal discourse focuses on ownership and data protection, and market solutions can cause confusion. The changing landscape prompts a reassessment of the adequacy of copyright law to protect the rights of creators and maintain the human-centric foundation of copyright law, a foundation that is absent in the outcomes generated by AI. The article additionally considers recent case law that could potentially offer insights into addressing the legal issues at hand. In conclusion, the article emphasizes ongoing questions regarding the necessity of protecting AI-generated outcomes and the difficulties these outcomes present within the existing legal framework, as seen from a Spanish perspective.
Contemporary Approaches to IP Protection: Developments in the US Art Market
Authors: Quiñones Vilá Claudia S.
Published: December 2024

This article examines recent developments in United States (US) intellectual property (IP) law that directly affect the art market, namely: 1) the judicial interpretation of fair use and the use of copyrighted material to train AI systems; 2) the US Copyright Office’s refusal to register certain AI-generated works; and 3) the application of trademark law to NFTs (Non-fungible tokens). The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the constantly evolving legal landscape in this field while highlighting controversies that will likely continue to arise in the near future. As a jurisdiction where new technologies, the art market, and IP case law overlap, the US is in a unique position to reflect ongoing changes as well as in-depth interpretations of existing provisions.
Obligations Imposed on Online Content-Sharing Service Providers and Freedom of Expression and Information
Authors: Górska-Jankowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

The subject of the commentary is related to the judgment of the CJEU of 26 April 2022 in case C-401/19 Republic of Poland v. European Parliament and Council of the European Union, in which the court addressed one of the more widely discussed regulations in the doctrine of copyright law in the European Union, namely the new liability rules for providers of online content sharing service providers. In essence, the issue concerns the relationship between intellectual property protection and Internet users’ right to freedom of expression and information. The CJEU upheld Article 17 of Directive 2019/790, emphasizing that it contains the necessary safeguards to maintain a fair balance between the right to freedom of expression of information of the users of online content-sharing services, and the right to intellectual property.
DEPHRASEOLOGIZATION OF DIALOGIC CLICHÉ AS A WAY TO GRAMMATICALIZATION
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kulpina Valentina G.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the current problematic of dialogic cliché.
Such type of phraseological language units is a sort of syntactic phraseologisms –
so called phraseological schemes, the undivided communicative units. Their
peculiarity of dialogic clichés of that type lies in the pronoun inclusions they
contain, which stipulate certain specificity of such units. These language units
are nowаdays subjects of lexicographical, dictionaries’ description. In the article
the attention is paid to the parts of such phraseological units, e. g. the forms
of Dativus Ethicus) in Slavic languages which succeed the Latin tradition,
so that they are included into morphologic paradigms of pronouns. Such way
they gain the status of grammar units, but not dictionary ones. On the base
of the analysis it is asserted that apparent contradiction in the interpretation
and qualification of such structures as objects of dictionary description and,
at the same time, elements of grammar is caused by practical convenience and
the existing pragmatics of their grammatical and linguodidactic description as
the members of morphologic paradigms. In the central position are the issues
of interpretation and qualification of such structures, differences of their types,
the degree of their phraseological and grammatical content. In the article the
material of Russian and some other Slavic languages is used.
GENDER STEREOTYPES: A REAL MAN
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Albey Elizaveta O.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the connotative meanings of the gender
stereotype “a real man” and the pragmatic peculiarities of its usage. The work
reflects the definition issue of “gender,” “stereotype”, and “gender stereotypes”.
The key gender and stereotype points in discourse are considered in linguistic
literature of the 20th and 21st centuries. The article presents an analysis of
examples for the use of the real man stereotype in monolog and dialogic speech,
collected in the National Corpus of Russian Language Formula. The examples of
monolog speech reveal the stereotypical representation of native speakers of the
Russian language about what qualities an ideal man, a “male standard” possesses.
Research on dialogic speech contexts revealed that the gender stereotype “a real
man” is used as an argument for praise, reproach, or condemnation.
The analysis of dialogic examples revealed that the gender factor
in communication is not always determinant, gender differences are manifested
in the strategies of expressing approval or disapproval of men’s qualities
पारमार्थिक सत् विषयक तत्त्वचिन्तन (अद्वैतवेदान्त की विशिष्ट दृष्टि)
Authors: Shekhawat Ishvar Singh
Published: December 2024

आत्मत्तत्व के यथार्थ स्वरूप विषयक चिन्तन के अन्तर्गत विभिन्न मतभेद हमारे सम्मुख उपस्थित होते है । उन सभी मतभेदों का निराकरण करते है उपनिषद्; वही आगे आकर ब्रह्मसूत्रों का मार्ग उपदिष्ट कर सभी के मतभेदों में सामञ्जस्य स्थापित करने का प्रयास करते है । भारतीय दर्शन की गहन चिन्तन परम्परा में पारमार्थिक तत्त्व चिन्तन के बीज, जिसे विभिन्न स्थानों पर ब्रह्म रूप संज्ञा से जानने का प्रयत्न किया जाता है पर निरन्तर विचार प्रस्तुत किया जाता है । उन सभी विचारों की स्पष्टता अद्वैतवेदान्त में होती है । वहां सभी के विचारों के संशय स्पष्ट होते है कि ‘सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म’ की जो स्थिति है वही वास्तविक है जो कि जीवन की अनवरत तपस्या के अनन्तर हम सभी के समक्ष उपस्थित होती है । वैदान्तिक ऋषियों ने इसे अपनी वास्तविक अनुभव के आधार पर बताया कि यह मनुष्य स्वयं अनुभूत करके ही जान सकता है । केवल विचारों के आधार पर इसे नहीं बताया जा सकता ।
RELATIVISTIC GRAVITATIONAL FORCE BETWEEN BLACK HOLES AND VISIBLE PART OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM IN AGN
Authors: Mahto Dipo , Kumari Bharti , Singh Ramesh Kumar , Kumari Niharika , Mahto Janardan Prasad
Published: December 2024

In the present paper, we have applied the model for the relativistic gravitational force of super massive spinning black holes trapping the electromagnetic spectrum of visible region towards itin AGN as proposed by Mahto et al. (2023) and concluded that this force attains the maximum values for the lower masses and minimum value for higher masses. The spinning velocity is mainly responsible to increase or decrease the relativistic gravitational force of black holes.
Educational Leadership: Systematic Review
Authors: Ahmadova Elnara , Şimşek Yücel
Published: December 2024

Çalışma kapsamında 1986-2021 yılları arasında Türkiye’de bulunan üniversitelerde eğitim liderliğine ilişkin yürütülen lisansüstü tezler incelenmiştir. Toplam 829 çalışmadan oluşan örneklem, sistematik inceleme ile çok boyutlu olarak
analiz edilmiş ve raporlanmıştır. Yürütülen çalışmaların mevcut durumda çoğunlukla liderlik türleri ve liderlik uygulamalarının eğitim alanındaki diğer değişkenler ile ilişkilerinin incelenmeye yönelik tasarlandığı görülmektedir.
Yapılan çalışma; geniş bir örneklem doğrultusunda yürütülmüş ve çıktıları ile analiz edilmiş bir değerlendirme çalışmasıdır. Bu bakımdan hem çalışma alanına yeni dahil olacak araştırmacılar hem de sahada bulunan uygulamacılar için
önemli bir fayda yaratma potansiyeline sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir.
The “Who” Pronoun as an Element of Content and Form in Turgay Kantürk’s İlk Gibi Son Book
Authors: Şen Can
Published: December 2024

Şair, oyuncu ve yönetmen Turgay Kantürk, 1980 kuşağı Türk şiirinin önemli isimlerinden birisidir. 1991 yılında yayımlanan ilk şiir kitabı İlk Gibi Son ile Behçet Necatigil Şiir Ödülü’nü alan Kantürk, bu kitabında biçime gösterdiği
özen ve şiirlerinin içeriğinde görülen Baudelaire etkisiyle kendisine özgün bir yer edinmiştir. İlk Gibi Son’da şairin dikkat çeken kullanımlarından birisi “kim” zamiridir. Kantürk, kitabındaki şiirlerde “kim” zamirini doğrudan
ve bu kelimeden türetilmiş başka kelimeler şeklinde kullanmıştır. İlk Gibi Son’daki şiirlerde “kim” zamirinin hem içerik unsuru olarak hem de kâfiye yapmak için bir biçim unsuru olarak kullanılması dikkat çekmektedir. Makalemizde
Turgay Kantürk’ün bu kitabında “kim” zamirini nasıl kullandığını örnekler üzerinden irdeleyeceğiz.
Narrator and Narrative Techniques in Tezer Özlü’s Zaman Dışı Yaşam Scenario
Authors: İŞSEVER Ali Rıza
Published: December 2024

Tezer Özlü (1943-1986) Türk edebiyatında farklı türde eserleriyle kendisine önemli bir yer edinmiş yazarlardandır. 1998’de yayımlanan Zaman Dışı Yaşam, Özlü’nün tek senaryo kitabıdır. Eski Yugoslavya’nın güneyinde bir kent olan Niş’ten
İtalya’nın S. Stefano Belbo kentine kadar tren yolculuğunun anlatıldığı eserde Özlü’nün hayatından izler bulmak mümkündür. Özlü, Zaman Dışı Yaşam’da eseriyle kendi hayatı arasında bir bağ/lam kurarak bireyin iç dünyasını yansıtan
zaman kavramının ötesinde bir eser ortaya koymuştur. Bu tutumun bir yansıması olarak Özlü, Zaman Dışı Yaşam’da çeşitli anlatım tekniklerini kullanmış böylelikle eserine derinlik katmıştır. Makalemizde Tezer Özlü’nün Zaman Dışı
Yaşam adlı senaryosu anlatıcı ve anlatım teknikleri bağlamında incelenecektir. Böylelikle hem Tezer Özlü’nün senaryo yazarlığı yönüne eğilerek yazar hakkındaki çalışmalara hem de senaryo metinlerinin edebî olarak incelenmesine
katkıda bulunmaya çalışacağız.
Improving Critical Thinking Skills of Physics Teacher Prospectives Through Case Based Learning Models
Authors: Busyairi Ahmad , Hikmawati Hikmawati
Published: December 2024

In the complex information era, critical thinking skills become very important for educators to be able to analyze and solve problems effectively. This research aims to improve the critical thinking skills of prospective physics teachers through the application of the Case Based Learning (CBL) model. The CBL model is implemented by exposing students to realistic and relevant case studies, which encourage them to carry out in-depth analysis of limited information. This research is Action Research. The research subjects consisted of 29 prospective physics teacher students who were taking professional education courses. The results of the research show that there has been an increase in students' critical thinking skills, with the average score in cycle 1 being 80.04 to 88.792 in cycle 2. This increase reflects students' ability to provide basic explanations, and further explanations, make conclusions, and plan appropriate actions. The more effective it is based on the problem analysis that has been carried out the better. These findings confirm that the CBL model is empirically proven to be used to improve students' critical thinking skills.
The Implementation of Technology in School Learning Over the Last 50 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Scopus Database
Authors: Istiawanto Yoel , Hamdi Syukrul , Zafrullah Zafrullah , Sembiring Yanti Kumala
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze research trends in the field of technology use in the school environment. Using predetermined keywords, researchers selected documents using the PRISMA method and obtained 599 final documents which were analyzed using the R Program Biblioshiny, Publish or Perish 8, and VOSviewer to map trends in research results with bibliometric analysis. From this analysis it can be concluded that research on the use of technology in the school environment began in 1974 until 2024 with peak publications in 2023 and peak citations in 2018. The United States is the most productive country in the field of most productive countries. Nanyang Technological University is the most productive affiliate, recording the highest number of publications. Journal Q1 "Computers and Education" is the most productive journal with the highest h-index. Hyuksoo Kwon from the Republic of Korea is the writer with the highest h-index. The publication with the highest citations. There are 11 keyword clusters, with the keywords "Artificial Intelligence", “Programming”, “Digitization”, “Online Learning”, “Augmented Reality”, and “Cloud Computing” being the next recommended keywords if you want to do research in the field of use technology in the school environment.
The Effect of Prenatal Exercise and Effleurage Massage Techniques on the Perception of Back Pain in Third Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Khairiah Rahayu , Maulida Intan , Nisrina  , Nurdiana Nana , Suminah  , Romdoningsih Sri , S Syifa Nurul
Published: December 2024

The perception of back pain is a common discomfort experienced by women in the third trimester of pregnancy. This pain occurs due to the release of the hormones progesterone and relaxin, which loosen the pelvic ligaments, and due to changes in body posture adapting to fetal development. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of reducing pain before and after implementing prenatal exercises and effleurage massage in third-trimester pregnant women. This research used a quasi-experimental design with only one experimental group and no control group. The study population consisted of all third-trimester pregnant women experiencing back pain, with sampling conducted using accidental sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed with the SPSS program, employing both univariate and bivariate tests. The results of the Paired Sample T-Test showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test values, with a significance value (2-tailed) of p = 0.000, < 0.05. The null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, indicating a notable difference between the effects of prenatal exercise and effleurage massage before and after treatment in 180 third-trimester pregnant. There is a significant impact of prenatal exercise and effleurage massage on reducing back pain.
Pengaruh Durasi Penyimpanan Terhadap Karakteristik Frozen Pulp Kakao
Authors: Hajizah Rihul Jannah , Warkoyo Warkoyo , Siskawardani Devi Dwi
Published: December 2024

Pulp kakao merupakan substrat yang kaya akan nutrisi albuminoid yang dapat digunakan dalam proses industri untuk menghasilkan produk sampingan berupa pulp kakao beku. Lama penyimpanan harus ditetapkan untuk memastikan bahwa produk frozen pulp kakao yang dihasilkan berkualitas tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama penyimpanan frozen pulp kakao beku terhadap karakteristik bahan yang digunakan dan untuk mengetahui perlakuan terbaik terhadap kualitas frozen pulp kakao. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan lama penyimpanan, yaitu (0 jam, 2 jam, 4 jam, 6 jam), masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Setiap data yang diperoleh diolah dengan menggunakan analisis sidik ragam pada α = 5%. Apabila berpengaruh nyata, data yang diperoleh dilanjutkan dengan uji pembeda menggunakan uji DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). Parameter yang diamati pada pulp kakao yaitu pH, suhu, intensitas warna dan organoleptik (aroma, rasa dan warna). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pH pada pulp kakao berkisar antara 3-3,4 setelah proses sterilisasi dan dinyatakan bahwa tingkat keasaman mulai berubah setelah 4 jam perlakuan. Pengaruh suhu pada sampel juga mempengaruhi perubahan komponen umur simpan pulp kakao. Uji tingkat intensitas warna pada sampel memiliki warna yang relatif lebih gelap setelah proses sterilisasi. Pada uji organoleptik, tingkat kesukaan tertinggi diperoleh dari uji aroma, rasa, dan warna pada setiap perlakuan yaitu pada durasi 0-4 jam.
A BIOPOLÍTICA DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL DOS GOVERNOS FHC A DILMA E A NECROPOLÍTICA DO RETORNO AO MAPA DA FOME SOB TEMER E BOLSONARO
Authors: Fidelis Maria Clara dos Santos Batista , Mozine Augusto Cesar Salomão
Published: December 2024

Este estudo consiste em uma análise histórica dos programas de combate à fome no Brasil no período de 1995 a 2022, compreendendo sua formação nos governos FHC e Lula e o seu desmonte a partir da transição entre os governos Dilma e Michel Temer e a gestão de Bolsonaro. Assim, a pesquisa apresenta um estado da arte sobre a situação de crise de segurança alimentar e nutricional e agravamento da pobreza no Brasil contemporâneo, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e dados oficiais do estado Brasileiro. A análise toma como base as perspectivas da biopolítica (Foucault, 2000) e necropolítica (Mbembe, 2018), buscando entender os efeitos relacionais da fome sobre a sociedade. Nesse sentido, trata do combate à insegurança alimentar grave em perspectiva histórica; de como os governos Temer e Bolsonaro atuaram nas políticas de combate à fome e de como as relações de poder, através dos mecanismos de controle, contribuíram para o retorno do Brasil ao Mapa da Fome.
The Lechaion Harbor and Settlement Land Project: Preliminary Report, 2016–2018
Authors: Scotton Paul D. , Kissas Konstantin , Ziskowski Angela , Fallu Daniel , Ierardi Michael , Radloff Lana , Reynolds Paul , Sarris Apostolos , White Chantel
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Lechaion Harbor was the primary port of ancient Corinth, serving as a major economic and commercial hub in the Mediterranean for ca. 1,300 years. The Lechaion Harbor and Settlement Land Project began investigations in 2016 as an integrated archaeological program of geophysical survey, mapping, GIS studies, scientific analyses, and excavation. Our initial three seasons of fieldwork have revealed the scale and size of the harbor’s settlement, the active use of the site by the 8th century bce and perhaps the Late Bronze Age, a significant early Roman basilica, and a large circular structure that may be a lighthouse; they have also provided a better understanding of the settlement’s general abandonment in the 6th century ce.
Arap Dili Belâgati’nin Temel İlkeleri
Authors: Uçar Hasan
Published: December 2024

Her ilmin ilkeleri olduğu gibi Arap dili belâgatinin de kendine özgü ilkeleri vardır. Belâgat ilmi, başlangıçta yazılı olmayan bu ilkeler üzerine inşa edilmiştir. İlkesel düşünme, doğası gereği metinlere hâkim olmuş ve belâgat ilminin gelişim süreci içerisinde bu günlere aktarılmıştır. Lügate ve gramere dair esasların teşekkülü, yoğun çabalar gerektirmiş; dile dair illetlerin tespitinde veri toplamak, külli kaidelerin oluşumunda nirengi noktası olmuştur. Arap dilinin nazari olan bu yönü, İslâmiyet’le kendisini korumaya alacağı ilâhî bir metne kavuşmuştur. Zira Allah’ın kelâmını anlama gayreti bağlamında üretilen teorilerden, sanatların uygulanmasına kadar, doğuşu ve gelişimi kendisinden bağımsız düşünülemeyecek olan belâgatin, temel müracaat kaynağı Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’dir. Bu çalışma, kendi sınırları çerçevesinde Arap dili ve belâgatinin temel ilkelerini tespit etmeyi ve bunları Kur’ân-ı Kerîm özelinde açıklamayı hedeflemektedir. Külliyatımızda var olan bu ilkelerin daha önce derlenip incelendiği bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Belâgatin temelini teşkil ettiği ve tamamına bir çalışmada yer vermek mümkün olmayacağı için özellikle Meânî ilmi kapsamında yer alan ilkeler öncelenmiş ve bu minvalde on beş madde ele alınmıştır. Bu ilkelerin tespiti, üzerine inşa edilecek yapıların tesisi için önem arz etmektedir. Mecelle’nin küllî kaidelerinin İslâm hukukundaki konumuna öykünen bu çalışma ile belâgatin temel ilkeleri, eğitim-öğretimde kullanılabilecek prensipler hüviyetine sahip olacaktır. Klasik kaynakların tetkik ve analizi yöntemi ile belirlenen bu ilkeler, ezberlemesi zor olmayan nitelikleri ile öğretimde teysîr çalışmalarına, cümle kalıplarının ve şablonların sağladığı faydaya eş bir kolaylık kazandıracaktır.
Temsilî Anlatım Bağlamında Kur’an’da Yağmur
Authors: Karataş Şuayip
Published: December 2024

Kur’an dil üslûbunun belirgin niteliklerinden biri, mücerred kavram ve konuların duyulara hitap eden müşahhas temsil ve mesellerle anlatılmasıdır. Kur’an’da, özellikle gaybî konular, bir düşünceyi sembolik bir dil ve örneklendirmelerle açıklama anlamına gelen temsil üslûbuyla anlatılmıştır. Cennet, cehennem ve ahiret gibi soyut gerçekler, gerçek hayattan alınan somut örneklerle temsil edilerek, canlı tablolar halinde betimlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, doğal bir olay olan yağmur, bazı soyut olgu ve olayların anlaşılmasında temsil aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Kur’an’da temsil sanatı kullanılarak yağmurla ilgili örnekleri içeren âyetleri tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesiyle veriler elde edilerek, yağmur içerikli Kur’ân âyetleri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın kuram/teori oluşturma aşaması, tümevarım metoduyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin tahlili ise içerik analizi yöntemiyle yorumlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede, önce temsil kavramı ve Kur’an’daki temsilî anlatım ele alınmış; ardından yağmurun temsil aracı olarak kullanıldığı âyetler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, dünya hayatının geçiciliği, öldükten sonra tekrar dirilme, hak-bâtıl ayrımı, münafıkların ve malını Allah yolunda harcayanların durumu gibi konularda, yağmurla yapılan teşbih ve temsillerle, ilâhî mesajların muhataplar için daha anlaşılır kılındığı tespit edilmiştir.
İslam Hukukunda Kadınlara Tanınan Muafiyetler: Hac Örneği
Authors: Atcı İsa
Published: December 2024

İslâm dini, temel anlamda birbirlerine karşılık gelen hak ve sorumluluk düzleminde erkek ve kadın arasında bir ayırım gözetmemiştir. Yaşam hakkı başta olmak üzere, eğitim, sağlık ve âdil yargılanma gibi birçok hakka kadın da erkek kadar sahiptir. Ancak ibadât, muamelât ve ukûbât gibi hak ve sorumlulukların farklı olduğu bazı konular da bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte İslâm, üstünlüğü hak ve sorumluluklara değil sadece takvâya bağlayarak kadının gerçek değerini takdir etmiştir. İslâm hukukçuları da naslar ekseninde gerçekleştirdikleri içtihatlarında kadınlara ihtiyaç haline göre kolaylaştırma prensibini devreye koymuşlardır. Bu bağlamda hayız veya nifas halindeki kadınlara bu durumları devam ettiği müddetçe namaz, oruç ve hac gibi ibadetlerde bazı ruhsatlar sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada hac ibadetinde kadın için tanınan muafiyetler konu edinmiştir. Böylece İslâm’ın kadınlara hak ettikleri değeri vermediği iddiasının hac ibadeti özelinde çürütülmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında klasik ve güncel kaynaklar taranarak konuyla ilgili veriler toplanmış ve değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Araştırma neticesinde İslâm hukukunun kadınlara gereken değeri verdiği ve diğer ibadetlerde olduğu gibi hac ibadeti esnasında da kolaylıklar sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Applying the Parallelism Approach to the Experience of Aging in the Arabic Andalusian and Spanish Poetry
Authors: Abedalkareem Ababneh Imad
Published: December 2024

This paper conducts a comparison between the image of aging in works of Arabic Andalusian literature and models from Spanish literature by adopting the approach of parallelism, as identified in the American school in the field of comparative literature. Since there are no clear historical links between the two that might indicate the civilizational-literary influence and impact, parallelism as a method is implemented throughout the study. The framework of the image of aging along with its all artistic and literary manifestations remains the common fiber between them. The Poetic models targeted in this paper are considered fertile ground for unveiling similarities and differences relevant to the imagery of aging. By analyzing the extracts qualitatively from Andalusian and Spanish poetries, the study addresses the existential dilemma of aging in poetic expression highlighting the notion of mortality aesthetically, culturally, and imaginatively via poetic representation and symbolism. Two groups of extracts are addressed belonging to two groups of poets in which a pair from Arabic and Spanish literature respectively is categorized based on form of parallelism. The pairs of poets are given as follows: Bendetti with Ibn Zuhr, José Martí with Al-Ghazal, León with Ibn Kafaja, and Rosalía de Castro with Ibn Arabi. These pairs are classified based on the most prevalent element of intertextuality within each pair including imagery, style, representation, theme, or symbolism.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Collaborative Strategic Reading on EFL Female University Students' Reading Comprehension
Authors: Aldossary Khaled
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) in improving reading comprehension among second-year female English as a Foreign Language university students. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving quantitative pretest and posttest assessments and qualitative feedback from students and teachers. The study included 61 participants divided into three groups, with each group undergoing CSR sessions over eight weeks. Pretest and posttest scores were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests and regression analysis to determine the statistical significance of the changes in participants’ reading comprehension. This study found that CSR significantly contributed to reading comprehension. Additionally, the regression analysis showed that CSR intervention significantly predicted posttest scores, confirming the substantial positive impact of CSR on reading comprehension. The findings from the semi-structured interviews revealed that most students found the CSR sessions to be useful and enjoyed working in groups. Teachers reported significant improvements in students' reading skills and engagement with enhanced classroom dynamics. However, challenges such as resource allocation and the need for continuous teacher training were also identified. Thus, CSR is an effective and feasible instructional strategy for enhancing reading comprehension among English as a Foreign Language students. The findings of the current study highlight CSR's potential to improve academic performance and foster a collaborative learning environment, as well as have implications for reading instruction and learning. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of CSR and its applicability in different educational settings.
The radiologic perspective of pulmonary tuberculosis seasonality in south-south Nigeria
Authors: Robinson Ebbi Donald  , Ijeruh Olukumni Yetunde  , Amadi Mary-Jane O
Published: December 2024

Background: The periodic variation in the occurrence of disease within a calendar period is relatively common among many diseases, especially infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB).
Objective: The study is to radiologically evaluate the seasonality of pulmonary tuberculosis in our environment.
Materials and Method: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of 6 years (2017-2022) with one thousand, three hundred and fifty (1350) chest radiographs diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis. The chest radiographs were reviewed by three Radiologists with certification from the Faculty of Radiology of the West African College of Surgeons or the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria. The data was analyzed descriptively using the statistical package for social science, SPSS version 23.0.
Result: The monthly time series distribution of the radiologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis showed the lowest occurrences in the year 2020. The monthly average Seasonal Index of the radiologic occurrence of pulmonary TB shows that the months of June (1.29), July (1.95), and August (2.09) demonstrated the highest average seasonal index. The monthly averages from January to December over the 6 years of the study showed the highest occurrences in the month of August, and the lowest occurrences in the month of October.
Conclusion: Although there were inconsistencies in the monthly pattern over the six year period, the highest incidence was in the month of August, followed by the month of July. Thus the study concludes that there exist seasonal variations in the radiologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
DWDM 100G ring for backbone Network using dark Fiber
Authors: Himmat Rathore
Published: December 2024

This paper focuses on designing and analyzing a 100G DWDM backbone communication network under dark fiber for the ring topology. It aims to explore how organizations can leverage available dark fiber assets to deliver a multiprotocol label-switching-enabled optical transport network as bandwidth requirements for data transmission increase. The performance evaluation approach demonstrated is based on network design, simulation, and case study analysis. Measures like the ones discussed earlier, including throughput, latency, and fault tolerance, are discussed. The outcomes yield that a 100G DWDM ring greatly upgrades the bandwidth capability with low latency and network dependability. Dark fiber is economical, flexible, and can be added to future system requirements. It is also compared with other network architectures and designs to illustrate the benefits of the proposed system in terms of its performance and costs. The paper makes recommendations on the application of DWDM 100G networks in metros and regional backhaul, and directions for future studies are provided in the conclusion.
Dexamethasone: A simple solution for post-thyroidectomy pain and nausea
Authors: Hamza Najout  , Ilyass Masad  , Mohammed Alioui  , Mustapha Bensghir
Published: December 2024

Postoperative pain and nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications following thyroidectomy. This prospective, double-blind study evaluated the efficacy of a single dose of dexamethasone in mitigating these postoperative adverse effects. Sixty patients undergoing thyroidectomy were randomized into two groups: a dexamethasone group and a control group. The dexamethasone group received a single dose of 8 mg intravenously, while the control group received saline. Postoperative pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), and PONV was recorded. The results demonstrated that dexamethasone significantly reduced both postoperative pain and the incidence of PONV. These findings suggest that a single dose of dexamethasone is a simple, safe, and effective strategy for improving postoperative outcomes in thyroidectomy patients.
Ordine pubblico europeo e arbitrato extra-UE: il paradigma dell’arbitrato sportivo
Authors: Zucconi Galli Fonseca Elenza
Published: December 2024

The Court of Justice of the European Union has long recognized that the compliance of arbitral awards with European public order rests on two pillars: a) the oversight of the award by a State judge, particularly during judicial recourse for the setting aside, and b) the possibility for the reviewing judge to refer the matter to the European Court for a preliminary ruling. This system can face challenges when arbitration takes place in a non-EU state. The author uses the arbitration of the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) in Lausanne as a paradigm, examining cases such as the Royal Football Club Seraing case, where the Belgian judge questioned whether a CAS award could have effect within the EU if it violates public order, and the ISU case, which similarly highlights the vulnerabilities of CAS arbitration, particularly with regard to the judicial review of the award.
La giustizia sportiva e le riforme CONI che hanno inciso sul processo disciplinare sportivo. La nuova fisionomia della Procura federale
Authors: De Michele Angela
Published: December 2024

The article reviews the historical genesis of C.O.N.I. and the Sports Federations’ role and prerogatives outlined by the national legislator. Then, it illustrates the reforms that have affected the sports justice system and, especially, the federal prosecutor’s office, to identify the ratio of the current sports disciplinary proceedings’ physiognomy. The depicted historical and regulatory excursus shows an evolutionary framework, in which CONI, the FIGC, and certainly for what concerns the competence of the state legislator, have been (and are) protagonists, and proves how the profound metamorphosis of the domestic justice sector, just like the great reforms of the general legal system, has started following and due to phenomena occurred in the sports world’s social and historical fabric, which has determined the need for change, progressively translated into the politicization of the new rules in the sector’s system.
Longevity: il Chinesiologo delle attività motorie preventive e adattate come figura di riferimento delle attività motorie
Authors: Maietta Lastessa Pasqualino , Belli Guido
Published: December 2024

The contribution aims to emphasize the concept of well-being and health, understood not only as an increase in life expectancy but as an enhancement of all the factors that can improve the quality of aging. This commitment has been taken on by science, research, and institutions as a duty toward an increasingly long-lived population, such as the Italian one. In particular, it highlights the role of physical activity in this context, with a special focus on adapted physical activity for individuals with varying degrees of risk factors. The current management of these strategies is considered, especially the role of a highly specialized professional figure trained in the academic setting:the Chinesiologo of Preventive and Adapted Motor Activities (LM-67).