bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Аspects of the question on matter in the Byzantine thinker George Pachymeres
Authors: Terezis Christos , Petridou Lydia
Published: May 2019

In this study, focusing our attention on the Paraphrase of Dionysius the Areopagite’s De divinis nominibus, we investigate whether matter is in George Pachymeres (1242-1310) a passive condition, which constantly receives the divine intervention, or expresses sensibly the productive projections of the divine energies. Raising a number of questions, we approach, on the one hand, the concept of causality as a relation between God and the creation and as a relation among the created beings and, on the other hand, the meaning of the concepts of corruption and death, in the sense that all of them are related to the forms of matter. The most important conclusions of ours are that matter is for G. Pachymeres absolutely related to the concept of causality and that corruption is just a microcosmic scale fact. Regarding whether G. Pachymeres tends to adopt materialist theories, we conclude that he accepts matter as a main component of the created world, in the sense of the projection of the divine creative action, without ever ignoring metaphysics of transcendence.
Democritus on Being and Ought: Some Remarks on the Existential Side of Early Greek Atomism
Authors: Freter Björn
Published: May 2019

According to Democritus' anthropogeny is a microcosmic consequence within the process of cosmogony. However, the case of man is a peculiarity: man, this atom complex, is well aware of himself, yet is not aware of what he must do. Man does not naturally do that which promotes the harmonious ordering of his atoms. We must create a second nature. Now it becomes possible for us to be as we must be according to our first nature. Democritus is the is first thinker who explains to us what our nature is and who, from our being, derives an ought: he who wishes to do the right thing for both himself and others finds himself subject to the ought requirement to do that which brings the most calm to the atoms. This is a direct connection between being and ought, an extravagant mechanical existentialism.
Quantitative Structure-Property Study on Pyrazines with Bell Pepper Flavor
Authors: Klein Ch. Th. , Pircher H. , Wailzer B. , Buchbauer G. , Wolschann P.
Published: May 2019

A quantitative structure-property (QSPR) study on pyrazines with bell pepper aroma is performed by means of different statistical methods, which correlate appropriate molecular descriptors with the biological activity. The different methods lead to consistent results, indicating which of the molecular properties of the compounds under consideration are significant for bell pepper flavor. These results are compared with other models.
Preparation of MFP Microspheres Using Polyacrylate Resins for the Therapy of Osteoporosis
Authors: Janka A. , Korsatko-Wabnegg B. , Korsatko W.
Published: May 2019

Disodium Monofluorophoshate (MFP), a highly water soluble drug, was incorporated in polyacrylate resin microspheres by using the solvent-evaporation technique. The process is based on dispersing the acetone solution of the drug and the polymer in liquid paraffin. Eudragit RS 100/S 100 in a 3:1 ratio turned out as the best coating material. The influence of the main manufacturing factors, namely polymer-drug ratio, addition of magnesium stearate, size of the beads, production temperature and speed of stirring, on the technological characteristics of the microspheres, like release rate of the drug, shape, drug-loading and size of the particle were investigated. The findings resulted in a formulation, which obtains the desired controlled release of the drug in a convenient oral system.
The Use of Charge-Transfer Complexation in The Spectrophotometric Determination of Amlodipine Besylate
Authors: Gölcü Ayșegül (Yardımcı) , Yücesoy Cem , Serin Selahattin
Published: May 2019

A simple and sensitive analytical method has been developed for the spectrophotometric assay of amlodipine besylate (ADB) in pure forms and tablets have been described. The method is based on the formation of a charge-transfer complex between the drug and tetrachloquinone (TCQ). This complex exhibit intense absorption bands in the electronic spectrum. The molecular ratio of the reactant in the complex was established and the experimental conditions leading to maximum charge-transfer band was also studied. The reaction proceeds quantitatively at pH 9 and 55°C for 10 min, the absorbance was measured at 346 nm. The method was applied to commercially available tablets and the results were statistically compared wrth those obtained by UV spectrophotometric method, using Newman-Keuls tests. In our method, Beer's Law limits to 5-25 µg/ml. The optimum experimental parameters for colour production with reagent were studied and incorporated into procedure.
Colorimetric and Titrimetric Methods for Determination of Some Cephalosporins in their Pure and Dosage Forms.
Authors: Abdellatef Hisham E. , Shalaby Abdalla A. , Elsaid Heba M. , Ayad Magda M.
Published: May 2019

Two colorimetric and titrimetric procedures are developed for determination of some cephalosporins, namely, cefotaxime sodium (CFT), cehroxime sodium (CFU) and ceftazidime pentahydrate (CFZ). The first method, a colorimetric method, was based on the reaction of these cited drugs with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl), in the presence of 5x10-3 M borax, with the formation of stable colored chromogens with maximum absorbance in the range of 409 - 414 nm. All variables affecting the development of the colour have been investigated and the conditions were optimized. The method obeys Beer's law over concentration ranges of 19.09 - 95.49, 17.85 - 124.98 and 63.66 - 254.66 µg ml-1 of CFT, CFU and CFZ, respectively. Obedience to Beer's law permitted the successful application of the proposed method for the assay of cefuran, cefumax and fortum vials. The results obtained reveal good percentage recoveries, which are in good agreement with those obtained by the official methods. In the second method, the titrimetric method, the conditions for the oxidimetric titration of cephalosporins have been studied. The titration takes place because of catalytic quantities of KBr, which give rise to an intermediate that can be hydrolyzed to the sulfoxide. The operating conditions are described and a hypothesis is put forward concerning the mechanism of the reaction.
Derivative UV Spectrophotometric Analysis of Some Pharmaceutically Important Halogenated 8-Hdroxyquinoline Derivatives via Their Pd (II)-Complexes
Authors: M. Rizk , F. Belal , F. Ibrahim , S. Ahmed , Z.A. Sheribah
Published: May 2019

A derivative UV-spectrophotometric method was developed for the analysis of two halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives; iodochlorohyroxyquin (I) (Clioquinol) and diiodohydroxyquin (II) (iodoquinol). The proposed method depends on the formation of Pd II-ligand complexes in methanol-acetonitrile mixture, which exhibits an UV-spectra with an appreciable value of ε. Zero order (0D), first order (1D) and fourth order (4D) derivative measurements were applied for the quantitative analysis of the drugs. A linear correlation was established between absorbance and concentration for the 0D mode in the range 2-14µg ml-1 and 2-18 µg ml-1 for (I) and (II) with average % recoveries of 99.83 ± 1.04 and 99.9 ± 0.64 respectively. Also a linear correlation was obtained between the trough of the peak and concentration for 1D mode in the range of 0.16-0.8 µgml-1 for both dmgs with average % recoveries of 100.23 ± 1.04 and 100.18 ± 1.14 for (I) and (II) respectively. Besides, the 1D mode was successfully applied for the analysis of binary mixture containing both (II) and metronidazole (III) in tablet formulations. The average % recoveries were 99.42 ± 0.358 and 98.81 ± 0.973 for (II) and (III) respectively. In the 4D mode, a linear correlation was attained between the amplitude of the peak and concentration in the range 0.1-0.8 µgml-1 for (I) and (II), with average % recoveries of 99.6 ± 0.84 and 100.06 ± 0.98. The limit of detection (LOD) was 2.1 µg ml-1 and 2.3 µg ml-1 for (I) and (II) respectively. The suggested method was successfully applied for accurate, sensitive and selective analysis of the studied drugs in bulk and single or combined dosage forms with average % recoveries of 99.74 ± 0.480–99.84 ± 0.515 and 99.44 ± 0.71–100.58 ± 1.06 for (1D) and (4D) respectively. The results obtained were favorably compared to those given by a reference method.
Zur Elementbestimmung in Solanaceen
Authors: Lahl H. , Riße D. , Unterhalt B.
Published: May 2019

The Contents of Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Sr, and Zn in Atropa belladonna, Datura stramonium, and Hyoscyamus niger are measured by ICP-AES. Enrichment of these elements in the leaves is observed.
TABLET FORMULATIONS OF VIABLE LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
Authors: Stadler M. , Viernstein H.
Published: May 2019

The aim of this work was to develop a gastric juice-resistant tablet formulation of viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB). As excipients, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) and sodium alginate were applied to enhance gastric juice-resistance, and Avicel® as used to modifytablet disintegration in the intestine. The formulation was optimized using statistical experimentaldesign methodology. The influence of the relevant process variables (amounts of excipients applied and compaction force) on the loss of viable cells during the tablet production, on acid stability, and on tablet disintegration time was investigated. It was found that the content of HPMCAS and the compaction force were the most important test variables for tablet preparation. They influence theloss of bacteria during the tableting process, gastric juice resistance, and the disintegration time of tablets after incubation in artificial intestinal fluid. Avicel® had little influence on all three test parameters, while sodium alginate only affected disintegration time in phosphate buffer pH 6.8.
Synthese von einigen potentiellen NO-Synthase-Inhibitoren mit Thieno[2,3-b] [1,4l thiazin-Grundgerüst
Authors: Galanski M. , Böhler N. , Erker T.
Published: May 2019

The synthesis of thiolactime 4 and first studies on the syntheses of other thiolactimes with different substituted thieno[2,3-b][1,4]thiazine moieties are described as well as the syntheses of structurally modified amidines 10 - 14 with the same basic structure. The thieno[2,3-b][1,4]thiazine derivatives were prepared by reacting methyl 5-chloro-4-nitro-2-thiophencarboxylate with ethyl thioglycolate followed by reductive cyclisation to 6, which was either first saponified and then treated with Lawesson reagent to obtain thiolactame 8 or directly reacted to thiolactame 9. Reaction of 9 with various amines led to the desired products 10 - 14. which will undergo pharmacological testing on NO synthase inhibiting activities.
Synthesis, Selective Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Profile and Antihyperglycaemic Potential of Certain Parabanic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Aboul-Enein M. , EI-Azzouny A. , Maklad Y. , Attia M.
Published: May 2019

Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory profile of certain parabanic acid derivatives 1a-p is described. Also, the antihyperglycaemic potential of these compounds was studied. The most active inhibitors in this series were compounds 1g, 1p, and 10 which showed inhibitory activity, 36.6,90 and 91% respectively, at concentration 1 x 1 0−4. Their IC50 were 2 x 10−6, 7.5 x 1 0-8 and 5 x 10-8, respectively. Compound 10 exhibited pronounced antihyperglycaemic effect.
16th Scientific Congress of the Austrian Pharmaceutical Society/Oral presentations
Authors:   Osterreichische Pharmazeutische Gesellschaft
Published: May 2019

Diclofenac Sodium (Fig. 1) is one of the most popular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which is commonly used in different dosage forms, such as tables, ointments or injectabilia. [...]
Substituierte I-Isochromenyl-essigsäureethylester, verbrückte Stilbene
Authors: B. Unterhalt , M. Fahrig
Published: May 2019

Substituted ethyl 1-methyl-3-phenyl-1-isochromenyl-acetates 4-6 are synthesized by reacting the earbonitriles 1-3 with Reformatzky reagent [...]
Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of the essential oils of Plectranthus glandulosus and Cinnumomum zeylrrnicum from Cameroon
Authors: Leopold Jirovetz , Gerhard Buchbauer , Martin B. Ngassoum , Jean J. Essia-Ngang , Leopold N. Tatsadjieu , Ousman Adjoudji
Published: May 2019

Two aromatic plants have been selected for chemical investigation on account of their antibacterial activities, Plectranthus glandulosus (fresh leaves) and Cinnamomum zeylunicum (dried leaves). P. glandulosus is used as a medicinal plant, while Cinnamomum zeylunicum is used as a common spice in many recipes in Cameroon. The essential oils of the plants have been obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger type apparatus, the yields of oils are about 0.3% and 2.0% respectively.The essential oil of P. glandulosus contains mainly β-thujone (about 31%), p-cymen-8-01 (about 25%) and neral (about 10%) and the essential oil of C. zcylcinicum is characterised by a high percentage of eugenol (85%).These essential oils have been tested against three strains of bacteria, namely Pseudornonas fluorescens. Escherichiu coli and Staphylococcus aureus; qualitative tests (diffusion through solid medium) and quantitative tests (dilution method) have been carried out. P. fluorescens shows a higher resistance to the two oils (MIC values not less than 5000 ppm). E. coli is more sensitive to these oils, while against S uureus the essential oil of C. zcylcinicum still shows a high activity (3500 ppm).The antibacterial activities of the essential oils could be attributed to the components eugenol as the active component of C. zcylcinicum and β-thujone and p-cymen-4-01 of the essential oil of P. glandulosus.
Oxidative Cyclisierungsreaktionen von 1-(3-Nitro-3-phenylpropyl)piperidin
Authors: H. Möhrle , W. Vetter
Published: May 2019

The title compound 2 - prepared by Komblum reaction - reacted with Hg(II)-edta in a two electron withdrawal to a bicyclic compound 6, which showed in solution an equilibrium of two species probably of diastereomers, which was deduced from NMR-measurements. Additionally, resulting of an threefold dehydrogenation two diastereomeric bicyclic lactams 11A and 11B were isolated.
Effects Of 2-Methvl-3-propvnvlauinazolin-4-(3H)-one On Vascular Reactivitv In Isolated Porcine Tail Arteries
Authors: Ojeikere Odafenkhoa , Usifoh Cyril , Ebeigbe Anthony
Published: May 2019

The vascular effects of 2-methyl-3-propynylquinazolin-4-(3H)-one (QUIN) have been studied on isolated porcine tail arteries. QUlN had no effect on resting tension but relaxed, dose-dependently, arteries precontracted with noradrenaline or high-K+ in the order: NA > high-K+. Also, QUlN inhibited both intracellular (ICD) and extracellular (ECD) Ca2+-dependent contractions in the order: ICD > ECD The results suggest that QUlN interferes with vascular Ca2+ mobilization.
Anodic Polaroqraphic Determination of lsradipine in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Belal F. , Al-Majed A. A. , Julkhuf S.
Published: May 2019

The anodic behaviour of isradipine was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), direct current (DCt) and differential-pulse (DPP) polarography. lsradipine exhibited well-defined anodic polarographic waves over the pH range of 4–8 in Britton-Robinson buffer (BRb). At pH 6, the analytical pH, the diffusion-current constant (Id) was 2.12 ± 0.42 (n = 4). The oxidation potential is −0.10 V vs AgIAgCl reference electrode with correlation coefficients of 0.9977 and 0.9948 in the DCt and DPP modes, respectively. The current-concentration plots were rectilinear over the ranges 5–14 µg/ml and 2.4–12 µg/ml using the DCt and DPP modes, respectively. The lower detection limit was 1.12 µg/ml (3.02 x 10−6 M) adopting the DPP mode. The proposed method was applied to commercial tablets and capsules, the % recoveries were 100.52 ± 1.267 and 99.4 ± 0.87 (n = 6) for the tablets and 101.3 ± 1.57 and 100.7 ± 2.10 (n = 6) for the capsules adopting both DCt and DPP modes, respectively. The number of electrons involved in the electrode process was accomplished and a proposal of the electrode reaction was presented.
Equisetum Crude Drugs: Epidermal Characters for Identification
Authors: Ölzant S. , Gerngross F. , Länger R.
Published: May 2019

Epidermal characters of nine of the Central European Equisetum species were documented using both scanning electron and light microscopy. The arrangement of silica pilulae on the subsidiary cells of stomata as well as the type and the arrangement of papillae on the ridges of main stems and branches allow an unambiguous identification of the species even in the powdered state. A key for the identification is presented, and recommendations for an improved text for the monograph in the European Pharmacopeia are given.
Microbial metabolic rates in the Ross Sea: the ABIOCLEAR Project
Authors: Azzaro Maurizio , Packard Theodore T. , Monticelli Luis Salvador , Maimone Giovanna , Rappazzo Alessandro Ciro , Azzaro Filippo , Grilli Federica , Crisafi Ermanno , La Ferla Rosabruna
Published: May 2019

The Ross Sea is one of the most productive areas of the Southern Ocean and includes several functionally different marine ecosystems. With the aim of identifying signs and patterns of microbial response to current climate change, seawater microbial populations were sampled at different depths, from surface to the bottom, at two Ross Sea mooring areas southeast of Victoria Land in Antarctica. This oceanographic experiment, the XX Italian Antarctic Expedition, 2004-05, was carried out in the framework of the ABIOCLEAR project as part of LTER-Italy. Here, microbial biogeochemical rates of respiration, carbon dioxide production, total community heterotrophic energy production, prokaryotic heterotrophic activity, production (by3H-leucine uptake) and prokaryotic biomass (by image analysis) were determined throughout the water column. As ancillary parameters, chlorophylla, adenosine-triphosphate concentrations, temperature and salinity were measured and reported. Microbial metabolism was highly variable amongst stations and depths. In epi- and mesopelagic zones, respiratory rates varied between 52.4–437.0 and 6.3–271.5 nanol O2l-1h-1; prokaryotic heterotrophic production varied between 0.46–29.5 and 0.3–6.11 nanog C l-1h-1; and prokaryotic biomass varied between 0.8–24.5 and 1.1–9.0 µg C l-1, respectively. The average heterotrophic energy production ranged between 570 and 103 mJ l-1h-1in upper and deeper layers, respectively. In the epipelagic layer, the Prokaryotic Carbon Demand and Prokaryotic Growth Efficiency averaged 9 times higher and 2 times lower, respectively, than in the mesopelagic one. The distribution of plankton metabolism and organic matter degradation was mainly related to the different hydrological and trophic conditions. In comparison with previous research, the Ross Sea results, here, evidenced a relatively impoverished oligotrophic microbial community, throughout the water column.
Ecological niche differentiation between Acanthodactylus micropholis and A. khamirensis (Sauria: Lacertidae) in southern Iran
Authors: Heidari Nastaran
Published: May 2019

Acanthodactylusmicropholis Heidari, Rastegar-Pouyani, Rastegar-Pouyani & Rajabizadeh, 2013 and A.khamirensis Blanford, 1874 are genetically and morphologically distinct, but their ecological differentiation has not previously been evaluated. The ecological niche models of these two sister species Acanthodactylus were reconstructed using climate and geographical data. Species distribution modeling for A.micropholis and A.khamirensis was used to make predictions and showed that most parts of southern and southeastern Iran are suitable for the distribution of both species. Habitat suitability was mostly dependent upon minimum temperature of the coldest month and seasonal precipitation for A.micropholis and A.khamirensis, respectively. Niche similarity tests (niche overlap and identity tests) were performed to evaluate species differentiation based on the ecological species criterion. Our results indicate that both species have different ecological niches and are significantly separated from each other. Therefore, our study corroborates previous analyses based on molecular and morphological evidences that suggested that A.micropholis and A.khamirensis were valid species.
Réflexions sur la typologie des tombes à inhumation : restitution des dispositifs et interprétations chrono-culturelles
Authors: Blaizot Frédérique
Published: May 2019

Les méthodes d’analyse en anthropologie de terrain constituent un outil fondamental pour la restitution des architectures funéraires (identification, morphologie et modalités de construction des contenants de bois et des aménagements de la fosse, modalités de dépôt du corps et de son contenant éventuel, etc). Correctement employées, elles contribuent à enrichir les typochronologies régionales, en révélant des dispositifs extrêmement variés. L’objectif des études de cas développées ici est de réfléchir à la notion de typologie dans le cas d’une sépulture, et plus particulièrement de s’interroger sur le potentiel de nos outils d’analyse. Il convient notamment d’en évaluer les ambiguïtés et de rappeler que ceux-ci permettent avant tout un classement des distorsions taphonomiques qui ne se rapportent pas directement à une réalité architecturale donnée. Les difficultés rencontrées lors du passage à la restitution du dispositif funéraire nous invitent à faire de cette réflexion la priorité actuelle de l’anthropologie de terrain et à soutenir les interventions en contexte documenté.
Un panneau de sarcophage de plâtre orné provenant de la nécropole mérovingienne de Créteil (Val-de-Marne)
Authors: Ardouin Stéphane , Galmiche Thierry
Published: May 2019

Le relevé du xixe siècle d’un panneau de sarcophage de plâtre orné, provenant de l’église Saint-Christophe de Créteil, a été redécouvert récemment. L’analyse du décor permet de restituer un sarcophage mérovingien réalisé avec le même moule qu’un exemplaire parisien découvert au xixe siècle dans la nécropole de Saint-Germain-des-Prés. L’église, dont les parties les plus anciennes remontent au xiie siècle, est mentionnée pour la première fois au début du xe siècle et comporte une crypte renfermant les reliques de martyrs cités au ixe siècle. La nécropole de Créteil est en usage depuis la fin du ve siècle ou le début du vie siècle. La présence de ce sarcophage orné d’un décor parisien au sein de l’église médiévale pourrait suggérer l’existence d’un édifice antérieur, présent dès la période mérovingienne.
Les peignes de toilette en bois à double endenture du xe au xviie siècle en Europe occidentale : un marqueur chronologique exceptionnel
Authors: Mille Pierre
Published: May 2019

Le corpus des peignes de toilette en bois à double endenture a été constitué à partir de 37 sites archéologiques français et étrangers. Il s’étend du xe au xviie siècle et montre une dynamique typochronologique exceptionnelle. Le peigne constitue en fait le meilleur marqueur chronologique de tous les objets de bois. Fabriqué en série sur le domaine français, cet artefact a largement été exporté depuis le xiie siècle, vers l’Angleterre, la Flandre, le Saint-Empire germanique qui ne possèdent pas les buis requis à leur fabrication. Si la chaîne opératoire de fabrication et l’outillage ne connaissent pas de changement notoire au cours de ces huit siècles malgré plusieurs améliorations techniques perceptibles, la succession dans le temps des types de peignes est a contrario rapide, comme rythmée par l’évolution de l’expression artistique médiévale et moderne.
Les formes circulaires de l’espace bâti et agricole au Moyen Âge : tracé, mesure et partage
Authors: Querrien Armelle
Published: May 2019

Dans les traités de Bertran Boysset (fin xive-début xve siècle), plusieurs chapitres sont consacrés au calcul et au partage des pièces de terre circulaires. L’analyse de leur contenu est illustrée par des exemples concrets de mesures issus de la documentation écrite et archéologique depuis la fin du xe jusqu’au xve siècle. Les processus intellectuels et techniques mis en œuvre pour tracer des pièces de terre circulaires, en mesurer la circonférence et la superficie, les partager suivant un schéma rayonnant sont reconstitués. L’importance de la construction rayonnante de l’espace au cours du Moyen Âge est mise en évidence par des analyses morphologiques de parcellaires radioconcentriques de villages et de territoires ordonnés autour de leur agglomération centrale ; elle est confirmée par des textes divers, notamment sur l’établissement de ressorts de banlieues. Les données du terrain, celles des textes et des traités se complètent pour éclairer des pratiques fonctionnelles et efficaces, étrangères à la mathématique savante non par incapacité intellectuelle ou méconnaissance, comme cela est souvent supposé, mais par réalisme pragmatique.
Idade como fator de risco para diabetes mellitus gestacional/ Age as a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Barros Grasiela Martins , Guimarães Thais Medeiros Lima , Figueiredo Lyvia Da Silva , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Ferreira Helen Campos , Cavalcanti Ana Carla Dantas
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: Investigar o ponto de corte da idade para detecção de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG). Método: Estudo caso-controle com 416 gestantes acompanhadas no ambulatório de pré-natal de uma maternidade no Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. A análise da curva receiver operating characteristic foi aplicada aos dados para evidenciar valores com otimização da sensibilidade em função da especificidade. Resultados: Estima-se que a razão de chance de uma mulher com idade ≥25 anos desenvolver diabetes mellitus gestacional é 2,3 vezes maior. A idade ≥22,5 anos foi identificada como ponto que maximiza a chance para a diabetes mellitus gestacional. A chance de uma mulher com idade maior ou igual a 22,5 anos apresentar esta doença é 3,0 vezes maior do que em outra mulher com idade menor. Conclusão: O ponto de corte de idade que sugere necessidade de maior monitoramento de glicemia em gestantes é de 22,5 anos.
Interview with Allyson Criner Brown, Associate Director of Teaching for Change
Authors: Chen Eric
Published: May 2019

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Pyoderma Gangrenosum Following Initiation of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Welborn Macartney E , Kubicki Shelby L , Patel Anisha B
Published: May 2019

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an ulcerating neutrophilic dermatosis that is often associated with the underlying systemic disease. For example, PG is often a common presenting symptom in patients with hematologic malignancies, most commonly myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Here, we present the case of a patient who developed PG and a lichenoid drug eruption after the initiation of ipilimumab and nivolumab immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) therapy. Lichenoid drug eruptions are well known to be associated with ICPI therapy, particularly nivolumab. However, only one case of PG has been reported in association with ipilimumab and no cases have ever been reported with nivolumab. Awareness that PG can be associated with ICPI therapy in patients with MDS can allow physicians to be better prepared to help in early recognition and early treatment to prevent the spread of disease.
The Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Adverse Events and Their Immunosuppressive Treatment on Patients’ Outcomes
Authors: Abu-Sbeih Hamzah , Tang Tenglong , Ali Faisal Shaukat , Johnson Daniel Hartman , Qiao Wei , Diab Adi , Wang Yinghong
Published: May 2019

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are gaining more popularity as a treatment for advanced cancers. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) limit their use. We aimed to assess the impact of irAEs and their treatment on clinical and survival outcomes. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of the patients who received ICPIs between 2011 and 2017. Descriptive analyses were employed to compare different groups. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to estimate and compare overall survival durations. Results: Of 427 identified patients, 202 (47.3%) had one or more irAEs. Overall, the patients who developed irAEs had better overall survival than did patients with no-irAEs, regardless of immunosuppressant treatment (P < 0.01). Patients with mild irAEs who did not require immunosuppressive treatment had longer overall survival duration than did patients without irAEs (P < 0.01). Patients with three or more irAEs had longer median overall survival compared to patients with two or less irAEs (P = 0.01). Infliximab was associated with shorter duration of steroid use as compared to steroid treatment only (2 months [standard deviation (SD), 8] vs. 4 months [SD, 4]). Steroid treatment for >30 days was associated with higher rate of infections compared to shorter duration (P = 0.03). Conclusion: IrAEs are associated with favorable overall survival, regardless of immunosuppression treatment requirement. IrAEs involving multiple organs appeared to be beneficial for overall survival. Early infliximab use shortens the duration of steroid treatment and therefore balances better cancer outcomes with decreased risk of infection.
Ground subsidence effects on simulating dynamic high latitude surface inundation under permafrost thaw using CLM5
Authors: Ekici Altug , Lee Hanna , Lawrence David M. , Swenson Sean C. , Prigent Catherine
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Simulating surface inundation is particularly challenging for the high latitude permafrost regions. Ice-rich permafrost thaw can create expanding thermokarst lakes as well as shrinking large wetlands. Such processes can have major biogeochemical implications and feedbacks to the climate system by altering the pathways and rates of permafrost carbon release. However, the processes associated with it have not yet been properly represented in Earth system models. We show a new model parameterization that allows direct representation of surface water dynamics in CLM (Community Land Model), the land surface model of several Earth System Models. Specifically, we coupled permafrost-thaw induced ground subsidence and surface microtopography distribution to represent surface water dynamics in the high latitudes. Our results show increased surface water fractions around western Siberian plains and northeastern territories of Canada. Additionally, localized drainage events correspond well to severe ground subsidence events. Our parameterization is one of the first steps towards a process-oriented representation of surface hydrology, which is crucial to assess the biogeochemical feedbacks between land and the atmosphere under changing climate.
Reactive transport with wellbore storages in a single-well push–pull test
Authors: Wang Quanrong , Zhan Hongbin
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Using the single-well
push–pull (SWPP) test to determine the in situ biogeochemical reaction
kinetics, a chase phase and a rest phase were recommended to increase the
duration of reaction, besides the injection and extraction phases. In this
study, we presented multi-species reactive models of the four-phase SWPP test
considering the wellbore storages for both groundwater flow and solute
transport and a finite aquifer hydraulic diffusivity, which were ignored in
previous studies. The models of the wellbore storage for solute transport
were proposed based on the mass balance, and the sensitivity analysis and
uniqueness analysis were employed to investigate the assumptions used in
previous studies on the parameter estimation. The results showed that
ignoring it might produce great errors in the SWPP test. In the injection and
chase phases, the influence of the wellbore storage increased with the
decreasing aquifer hydraulic diffusivity. The peak values of the breakthrough
curves (BTCs) increased with the increasing aquifer hydraulic diffusivity in
the extraction phase, and the arrival time of the peak value became shorter
with a greater aquifer hydraulic diffusivity. Meanwhile, the Robin condition
performed well at the rest phase only when the chase concentration was zero
and the solute in the injection phase was completely flushed out of the
borehole into the aquifer. The Danckwerts condition was better than the Robin
condition even when the chase concentration was not zero. The reaction
parameters could be determined by directly best fitting the observed data
when the nonlinear reactions were described by piece-wise linear functions,
while such an approach might not work if one attempted to use nonlinear
functions to describe such nonlinear reactions. The field application
demonstrated that the new model of this study performed well in interpreting
BTCs of a SWPP test.
Atletas de diferentes modalidades esportivas com cor da pele preta tem menor autoestima independentemente de seu status de atleta
Authors: Goulart Victor Rodrigues , Da Silva Walan Robert , Medeiros Thiago Emannuel , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: May 2019

O presente estudo verificou possíveis diferenças na percepção da autoestima em atletas com diferentes cores de pele auto relatadas. Participaram 256 atletas com 22,1(dp:4,5) anos de diferentes modalidades esportivas. Utilizou-se um “Questionário de Caracterização dos Atletas” e a “Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg”. Para verificar diferenças nas variáveis foi utilizada ANOVA e Bonferroni. A maioria dos atletas eram brancos, homens, com escolaridade média completa, oriundos do futebol de campo e competiam em nível nacional e internacional. A autoestima foi significativamente menor nos atletas de cor de pele preta. Conclui-se que esses atletas sofrem maior influência depreciativa em sua autoestima, não sendo atenuada pelo seu status positivo de atleta.
Análise do nível de disclosure quanto à aplicação do Pronunciamento Técnico CPC27: Um estudo aplicado nas empresas de capital aberto do Brasil, Argentina e Chile
Authors: Macedo Fabrício De , Silva Lucas Anderson da
Published: May 2019

As normas internacionais de contabilidade proporcionaram a harmonização e padronização dos procedimentos e das normas contábeis aplicadas nas organizações. Visando atender a necessidade do Brasil em se adequar aos padrões internacionais, foi criado o Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis – CPC através da resolução CFC nº 1.055/05, que possui o objetivo de traduzir as normas emitidas pelo International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Dentre os pronunciamentos emitidos pelo CPC, se encontra o CPC 27, que expõe sobre os assuntos pertinentes ao ativo imobilizado, e como instrumento deste estudo nele consta o tópico de divulgação. O objetivo do estudo é conhecer o nível de disclosure das empresas brasileiras, argentinas e chilenas de capital aberto em relação ao atendimento dos requisitos de divulgação do pronunciamento técnico CPC 27. A pesquisa é de caráter descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, e utilização de procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais. De maneia geral, conclui-se que em nenhum dos três países analisados foi possível obter 100% de aderência em todos os quesitos aplicados. Em relação ao total de quesitos evidenciados, o Chile atingiu o INDCOMB de 83,53%, em 2015, e 82,94%, em 2016, representando superioridade na evidenciação, conforme comparação com o Brasil, que alcançou 78,75% para 2015 e 2016, e a Argentina, que auferiu 80,00% para os mesmos períodos.
Desempenho Econômico-Financeiro e o Grau de Internacionalização de Empresas Listadas no Novo Mercado da B3
Authors: Marcos Cleyson , Nascimento Juliana Constâncio , Nez Evandro De , Kroenke Adriana
Published: May 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a relação entre o grau de internacionalização e o desempenho econômico-financeiro das empresas listadas no Novo Mercado da B3. Para atendimento ao objetivo deste estudo, será estabelecido um ranking das empresas conforme seu grau de internacionalização por meio do Índice de Transnacionalização da Unctad (1995) e, outro ranking do desempenho econômico-financeiro baseado na seleção de 12 indicadores, por meio do método TOPSIS. Este estudo retrata que as empresas listadas no Novo Mercado estão sujeitas a um maior nível de exigência de governança corporativa e, adicionalmente, traz à tona o avanço da diversidade em investimentos no exterior que resulta na experiência de mercado, sobretudo internacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, documental e quantitativa. Foram coletados dados históricos do conjunto das demonstrações contábeis publicadas, referente aos períodos de 2010 a 2014. Este estudo proporcionou análise de empresas que estabelecem melhores práticas de gestão, congregam experiência no mercado internacional e uma propensão de vantagem competitiva. No entanto, os resultados obtidos por meio da correlação de Kendall, entre os dois rankings, indicam que não há relação entre o grau de internacionalização com o desempenho econômico-financeiro no período analisado. Ainda assim, constata-se que empresas com maior grau de internacionalização não apresentam, necessariamente, maior desempenho sobre as demais e que, organizações não internacionalizadas ou com baixo grau de internacionalização, tenham desempenho satisfatório ou até maior em relação as outras. Dentre as 3 variáveis que determinaram o grau de internacionalização das empresas, a saber: a proporção de empregados no exterior, receitas de exportação e ativos no exterior, esta última foi a mais significativa nesta pesquisa.
A FAMÍLIA ARECACEAE NA ARBORIZAÇÃO VIÁRIA DE ITANHAÉM - SÃO PAULO
Authors: Ribeiro Botelho de Carvalho Maria Tamara , Biondi Daniela
Published: May 2019

As palmeiras são plantas pertencentes à família Arecaceae que tem como característica o grande valor ornamental. As espécies desta família são responsáveis por cerca de 25% da arborização viária de Itanhaém, sendo bastante utilizada na composição da floresta urbana no Brasil e no Mundo. Entretanto, informações quanto a adaptação e qualidade destas plantas no meio urbano ainda são restritas. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um inventário qualitativo da família Arecaceae presente na arborização viária de Itanhaém –SP, por meio de amostragem estratificada. Foram analisados padrões de qualidade física e fitossanitária, além do índice de performance da espécie. A família apresentou 317 indivíduos distribuídos em 9 espécies e 7 gêneros. A maioria dos indivíduos apresentou porte médio, de 3 a 6 metros (52%), boas condições físicas e fitossanitárias (82%), sistema radicial profundo (81%).  No entanto, para as palmeiras Dypsis lutescens recomenda-se o aumento dos canteiros que apresentaram maior quantidade de afloramento de raízes. Quanto ao índice de performance, a maioria (88%) das palmeiras apresentam um bom desenvolvimento no município. A abundância de palmeiras na arborização dá ao município uma característica própria, entretanto, a quantidade de espécies exóticas pode descaracterizar o bioma local.
SUBSÍDIOS PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO DE ÁRVORES E PALMEIRAS NOTÁVEIS DO CENTRO DE JABOTICABAL (SP)
Authors: Estellita Mauricio , Demattê Maria Esmeralda Soares Payão
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho teve os objetivos de avaliar o valor paisagístico de árvores e palmeiras localizadas em áreas públicas do centro de Jaboticabal (SP), de recomendar procedimentos para sua conservação e recuperação, e de identificar de forma gráfica e virtual os indivíduos mais notáveis. Foram escolhidos 81 espécimes, isolados ou agrupados, merecedores de avaliação para eventual classificação como indivíduos imunes ao corte. A avaliação foi feita com base em um indicador anteriormente proposto, o Índice de Valor Paisagístico (IVP): IVP = [(4 Ve) + (2 Vc) + (3 VL) + (5 Vbm) + Vec + (10 Vhc)] / Abr, em que: IVP= Índice de Valor Paisagístico; Ve = valor da espécie (raridade, origem, velocidade de crescimento, presença ou não de princípios tóxicos ou alergênicos, disponibilidade e adaptação); Vc = valor de condição (estado sanitário geral); VL = valor de localização (adequação do indivíduo ao local onde se encontra); Vbm = valor biométrico (relacionado com as dimensões do indivíduo); Vec = valor ecológico (benefícios ecológicos); Vhc = valor histórico e cultural; Abr = abundância relativa da espécie (número de indivíduos da espécie em relação ao número total de indivíduos arbóreos na cidade). Todos os indivíduos avaliados, pertencentes a 20 espécies, atingiram valor de IVP que os classificou como árvores e palmeiras que deveriam ser protegidas por lei. Para cada indivíduo, foi elaborada ficha de identificação e caracterização, incluindo recomendações de procedimentos para sua conservação. No tocante a árvores e palmeiras, constatou-se que o centro de Jaboticabal conta com um patrimônio paisagístico valioso.
OCORRÊNCIA DO CANCRO DE TRONCO EM ÁRVORES DE ACOMPANHAMENTO VIÁRIO NA CIDADE DE MARINGÁ, PARANÁ
Authors: Luiz Domingos De Angelis Bruno , Miranda de Castro Rosana , De Angelis Neto Generoso
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho foi realizado na Cidade de Maringá, Paraná, em duas áreas distintas - Zona 1 e Zona 2. A Zona 1 representa a área mais central da cidade, caracterizada por intenso movimento de pessoas e automóveis, enquanto a Zona 2 caracteriza-se por ser uma área residencial de menor trânsito. Como primeira etapa do trabalho realizou-se o censo total da arborização encontrada nas duas áreas, identificando-se os indivíduos e cadastrando-os. Em uma segunda etapa identificou-se as árvores que apresentavam manifestação da doença. Das árvores com manifestação do cancro colheram-se os seguintes dados: DAP, altura, diâmetro da copa, área livre de permeabilização, comportamento do sistema radicular, área do cancro e situação de poda da parte aérea. Estabeleceu-se 5 graus de severidade com relação à área total da doença. Foram reconhecidos no campo sintomas da doença que se manifestam ocupando área do tronco que vai desde 4 cm 2 a 20.000 cm 2 . De um total de 4.446 árvores distribuídas em 34 diferentes espécies, os dados mostram que 17,31 % das árvores da Zona 1 apresentam manifestação do cancro, enquanto na Zona 2 essa freqüência é da ordem de 11,88 %. A princípio tem-se que esta diferença possa ser creditada ao fato da Zona 1 estar localizada na região central da cidade onde as situações de estresse são maiores.
APLICAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE VEGETAÇÃO NDVI (NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX) EM IMAGENS DE ALTA RESOLUÇÃO NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO E SUAS LIMITAÇÕES
Authors: Del Nero Velasco Giuliana , Lordello Polizel Jefferson , Pereira Coltri Priscila , Liner Pereira Lima Ana Maria , Ferreira da Silva Filho Demóstenes
Published: May 2019

O objetivo do trabalho foi testar a aplicação do índice de vegetação NDVI em imagens de alta resolução, em toda a área do município de São Paulo. Foram utilizadas imagens do satélite IKONOS II. O programa de geoprocessamento utilizado foi o TNT Mips 6.8, da MicroImages. O índice aplicado foi o NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), que tem como variáveis as bandas do vermelho e infravermelho próximo. Notou-se, com a obtenção do índice, uma desigualdade de cores, sendo nítida a presença de faixas que não deveriam ter ocorrido. Tal fato demonstrou a ocorrência de algum tipo de erro, o que impedia a obtenção de um índice que representasse, fielmente, todo o município. Isso ainda é reforçado pelo fato do NDVI ser interpretado por tonalidade de cores, ou seja, a variação na presença de vegetação deve ser representada por uma diferença de cor; um erro gerado no índice, resultando em diferentes faixas de tonalidade, poderia prejudicar a correta interpretação do mesmo. Concluiu-se que, para o Município de São Paulo, com as imagens supracitadas, deve-se atentar quando da aplicação do índice de vegetação NDVI, não sendo possível analisá-lo em toda a extensão do município, mas sim, apenas dentro das faixas específicas geradas.
PARTICIPAÇÃO COMUNITÁRIA NO PLANEJAMENTO VIÁRIO DE ALGUNS BAIRROS DA CIDADE DE AMERICANA/SP
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Luzia , Volpe-Filik Andrea , Liner Pereira Lima Ana Maria , Ferreira da Silva Filho Demóstenes
Published: May 2019

O envolvimento da comunidade é um elemento fundamental para maior êxito no planejamento da arborização urbana. O presente trabalho teve os objetivos de, junto à população local, escolher espécies para plantio nas calçadas e colaborar no envolvimento das pessoas em solucionar os freqüentes problemas relacionados à educação ambiental. Na primeira fase constataram-se 2.551 indivíduos plantados, 76 espécies e 1.314 locais com potenciais para plantio; com base nos dados estudados, foram selecionadas 26 espécies potenciais a serem votadas pela população dos bairros. Na segunda fase realizaram-se entrevistas, com aplicação de questionário aos moradores, que não tinham plantas nas calçadas. O questionário era acompanhado de pranchas com fotos das espécies selecionadas e características da rua em questão. Dos moradores entrevistados, 70,04% já tiveram uma árvore plantada na calçada e, 79,76% rejeitaram o plantio em frente às suas casas. Mais da metade dos moradores entrevistados (61,13%) desconhece o responsável pela arborização urbana e a maioria (67,21%) não reconhece os benefícios que a calçada verde pode fornecer. A ordem de preferência foi de 54,49% para arbustos, 29,55% para árvores, sendo que 8,91% não opinaram e 4,05% disseram não gostar de planta alguma. As espécies, Stifftia crysantha Mikan e, Lagerstroemia indica L. foram as mais votadas pelos moradores.
PRAÇA ERNESTO TOCHETTO: IMPORTÂNCIA DA SUA PRESERVAÇÃO HISTÓRICA E ASPECTOS DE SUA ARBORIZAÇÃO
Authors: Fatima Reginato Quevedo Melo Evanisa , Romanini Anicoli
Published: May 2019

A imagem da cidade não se traduz apenas nas vias, prédios e serviços, ela se diferencia por todo o repertório de sua memória. Assim, a integração das praças na malha urbana e sua apropriação pela comunidade são reflexos do grau de visibilidade imposto pelo entorno diretamente à praça e vice-versa, o qual é conseqüência direta das estruturas vegetais empregadas. Este trabalho, portanto, tem por objetivo fazer uma análise da Praça Ernesto Tochetto, em Passo Fundo/RS, originada em meados de 1963, em homenagem ao emérito educador Ernesto Tochetto, conta com sua imagem preservada até hoje na representação da sua sala de aula. A Praça Tochetto, com uma posição privilegiada se constitui em um espaço público multifuncional de grande importância no contexto urbano local. Os resultados do estudo apontam por melhoramento dos bancos, aumento de árvores com flores, iluminação e passeios, e conclui que a praça procura resgatar a memória de seus antepassados com suas características originais, mas esbarra no desinteresse dos usuários quanto a sua história. Por evocar o ambiente natural, a praça requer um tratamento paisagístico especial, para se tornar ainda mais um espaço agradável para contemplação, leitura, conversas com os amigos ou simplesmente o descanso.
LEGISLAÇÕES MUNICIPAIS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL REFERENTES À ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA – ESTUDO DE CASOS
Authors: Gizele König Brun Flávia , Hardok Fuchs Regina , José Brun Eleandro , Ernani Bonesso de Araújo Luiz
Published: May 2019

Estudaram-se as legislações municipais relacionadas à arborização urbana em dez municípios do Rio Grande do Sul (RS): Santa Cruz do Sul, Caxias do Sul, São Borja, Pelotas, Giruá, Nonoai, Santo Ângelo, Quinze de Novembro, São Paulo das Missões e Uruguaiana, e sua relação com aspectos do Código Florestal Federal, Código Florestal Estadual/RS, Lei de Crimes Ambientais, Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente, Código do Consumidor e Estatuto das Cidades. Além disso, observaram-se aspectos técnicos recomendados nas legislações municipais quanto à indicação de espécies, implantação, manutenção, avaliação, entre outros aspectos. Dos 10 municípios analisados, 6 apresentavam leis próprias para a arborização urbana e os demais têm a temática inserida na sua política de meio ambiente. Somente um município tem lei incentivando a conservação de áreas verdes particulares. Em poucos, menciona-se a necessidade de programas educativos na arborização. Nos aspectos técnicos, muitas leis municipais apresentam equívocos quanto ao corte, poda, substituição, reposição e espécies exóticas com princípios tóxicos. O direito de acesso à informação pela população também não é garantido em boa parte das leis. Recomenda-se, a nível Federal, a inclusão de um capítulo dentro do Estatuto das Cidades, sobre a arborização urbana, como balizador na elaboração de leis municipais relacionadas.