bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAINTENANCE OF FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN SCHOOL
Authors: Ahmad Masduki
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to discover and obtain information about the upkeep of educational facilities and infrastructure at Vocational High School 2 Cikarang Barat. The analysis method used is descriptive qualitative. The study took place at Vocational High School 2 Cikarang Barat from July 2020 to December 2020. The school principal, deputy headmaster in charge of facilities and infrastructure, maintenance support staff, and students of Vocational High School 2 Cikarang Barat served as research informants. Interviews, observation, and reporting studies are all used to collect data. After that, the data is analyzed by reducing it, presenting it, and drawing conclusions. The triangulation of sources, techniques, and hypotheses is a validity technique. The study's findings indicate that: (1) Vocational High School 2 Cikarang Barat maintenance preparation starts with a work meeting, and then maintenance is divided into two categories: normal and routine maintenance. A one-year budget is generated after deciding maintenance tasks based on their categories. Following that, representatives from the facilities and infrastructure sector specifically select the structure of facility and infrastructure maintenance, as well as their respective job desks in each division, which are known to the school principal. The final move is to socialize students at school. (2) School maintenance processes and techniques begin with frequent and routine maintenance. Routine maintenance includes the upkeep of classrooms, teacher's offices, and special rooms such as libraries, computer laboratories, and science labs. The school also performs routine maintenance on air conditioners, printers, and photocopiers, as well as computer program upgrades. (3) Obstacles faced by schools in preparing facility and infrastructure repairs, including, among other problems, things that arise unexpectedly and need urgent repair at the facility. The lack of knowledge of users of school facilities and infrastructure, partners with outsiders who are often less sensitive, and cultural differences among individuals in the use of facilities and infrastructure are among the process and technological obstacles encountered.
THE EFFECT OF GOAL SETTING AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION ON TEACHER WORK PERFORMANCE
Authors: Fitriah Ania , Ahmad Masduki , Matin Matin
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research was to study the impact of goal setting and intrinsic motivation on the work performance of teachers in the Sub-District of North Bekasi State Junior High School. This research was conducted using a survey method with path analysis techniques. The population in this study were the civil servant teachers of the State Junior High Schools in North Bekasi District totaling 221 teachers, while the sample in this study was 69 teachers who were randomly selected. The results of this study are as follows; (1) there is a positive direct effect of goal setting on teacher work performance; (2) there is a positive direct effect of intrinsic motivation on teacher work performance, and (3) there is a positive direct effect of goal setting on intrinsic motivation. Therefore, increased work performance can be increased through increased goal setting and strengthening intrinsic motivation in school teachers.

 

 

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari tentang pengaruh penetapan tujuan dan motivasi intrinsik terhadap prestasi kerja guru SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Bekasi Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik analisis jalur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru PNS SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Bekasi Utara yang berjumlah 221 guru, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 69 guru yang dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut; (1) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif penetapan tujuan terhadap prestasi kerja guru; (2) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif motivasi intrinsik terhadap prestasi kerja guru, dan (3) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif penetapan tujuan terhadap motivasi intrinsik. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan prestasi kerja dapat ditingkatkan melalui ketepatan dalam penerapan penetapan kerja dan penguatan motivasi intrinsik pada guru dan standar kerja di sekolah.
SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PERSEDIAAN BARANG DAGANG PADA PT TASLY WORLD INDONESIA CABANG BANDUNG
Authors: Yulianto Hery Dwi , Fauziah Sifa , Widilestariningtyas Ony
Published: June 2021

PT Tasly World Indonesia Branch Bandung is addressed in Jl. Abdul Rachman Saleh 9 City Square A-3 Bandung. At the time of recording supplies, PT Tasly World Indonesia Branch Bandung is already using the computer by using Microsoft Office Excel 2003, which is often in error recording. On the problems the writer took the title "Accounting Information Systems Inventory Trade at PT Tasly World Indonesia Branch Bandung".

Research type which writer applies is base research, data type which writer applies is qualitative data and quantitative data, research design type which writer applies is research design with primary data and secondary data, research method which writer applies is research of eksploratoris and descriptive research, data collecting technique which writer applies is field researcher what consisted of interview and observation and bibliography research system development method which writer applies is methodologies orienting at process, data and output. System development structure applied is Waterfall. Scheme of information system applied is context diagram, data flow diagram, and flowchart

With writer makes scheme of trade stock accounting information system, expected data processing, record-keeping of supply data at PT Tasly World Indonesia Cabang Bandung becomes more effective, computerized and efficient as according to financial accounting standard and, output yielded consisted of supply card, supply report, sale report, report retur goods, report retur sale, financial statement, Balance Sheet.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI LAPORAN KEUANGAN (STUDI KASUS PADA YPM SALMAN ITB)
Authors: Yunanto Rio , Munayah M , Widilestariningtyas Ony
Published: June 2021

Yayasan Pembina masjid (YPM) Salman ITB is the foundation that manages the activities of religious service. The process of recording transactions in both of revenue and expenditure on the ledgers are still using Microsoft Office Excel as a tool for data processing. Financial statements prepared by the YPM Salman ITB is not fully using the islamic principles. For these problem the writer take the title "Design Of Financial Statement Accounting Information System Using Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 Software and MySQL Based Client Server" with islamic principles.
Design of Accounting Information System Raw Material Inventory At PT Warung Pasta With Software Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 And SQL Server 2000 Bases Of Client Server
Authors: Purfini Apriani Puti , Nurjannah Nuri , Firdaus Dony Waluya
Published: June 2021

PT Warung Pasta located at Ganesha No. 04 Bandung, Phone. 022-2500416 is a manufacturing company moving on the culinary area. At the time of implementing the accounting records and updating the inventory of raw material to the company's use Microsoft Office Excel software. These problems result in ineffective and optimal performance of all divions of the company contained in the provider of information and reports required. From the matter above, the writer take the title "Design of Accounting information System Raw Material Inventory at PT warung Pasta with Software Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and MySQL Server 2000 Bases of Client Server".
Model Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Laporan Keuangan Pondok Pesantren Berbasis SAK ETAP
Authors: Supriyati S , Bahri Ramadhan Syaeful
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membuat Model Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Laporan Keuangan Pondok Pesantren berbasis SAK ETAP agar memudahkan Pondok Pesantren dalam mengolah keuangan secara cepat dan tepat dan berbasis SAK ETAP agar Laporan Keuangan dan Pencatatan Keuangan yang dilakukan sesuai dengan acuan yang dikeluarkan IAI dalam Buku Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren. Ini menjadi penting karena tujuan pembuatan buku pedoman akuntansi pesantren adalah bagian dari upaya pemberdayaan ekonomi pondok pesantren sehingga pondok pesantren mampu menyusun laporan keuangan berdasarkan standar akuntansi keuangan yang berlaku umum di Indonesia dan ditunjang dengan sistem informasi agar pencatatan keuangan dapat dilakukan dengan mudah. Unit analisis yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 Pondok Pesantren di Kota Bandung yaitu Pondok Pesantren Nurul Amanah Cisaranten Kulon, Pondok Pesantren Al Falah Dago, dan Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan Cigadung. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode penelitian deskriptif, eksploratif, dan survei. Populasi yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah pembukuan keuangan dan catatan transaksi Pondok Pesantren Nurul Amanah tahun 2009 sampai tahun 2018, pembukuan keuangan Pondok Pesantren Al Falah tahun 1950 sampai tahun 2018, pembukuan keuangan Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan tahun 1950 sampai tahun 2018. Sampel yang digunakan adalah pembukuan keuangan dan catatan transaksi Pondok Pesantren Nurul Amanah tahun 2017 sampai tahun 2018, pembukuan keuangan Pondok Pesantren Al Falah dan Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan tahun 2017 sampai tahun 2018. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Laporan Keuangan dengan Model Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, ERD.
Elemen Smart Library pada Interior Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Wulandari Ratri , Haristianti Vika , Syahida Arifah Nur
Published: May 2021

Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi merupakan pendukung kegiatan akademik yang untuk pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran, pengorganisasian pembelajaran bagi tiap program studinya, koleksi mengenai strategi pembelajaran dan materi pendukung untuk evaluasi belajar. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi dan informasi yang semakin maju, masyarakat lebih memilih untuk mencari informasi melalui media online tanpa harus mencari buku ke perpustakaan. Maka dari itu, perlu adanya peningkatan fasilitas perpustakaan melalui konsep Smart Library yang memiliki 4 konsep yang diantaranya smart service, smart place, smart governance, dan smart people. Dengan mengacu pada 4 konsep tersebut diharapkan Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia khususnya di Kota Bandung dapat menjadi unggul dan dapat meningkatkan pendidikan bagi masyarakat luas.
Desain Interior Coffee Shop di Denpasar dan Loyalitas Konsumennya : Generasi Y dan Z
Authors: Susanti Ardina , Triana Dewi Putu Surya , Adnyana Putra I Wayan Yogik
Published: May 2021

Banyak brand coffee shop lokal turut hadir meramaikan pasar coffee shop di Bali khususnya Kota Denpasar. Hal ini justru menghadirkan fenomena baru yang mempengaruhi desain interior dari coffee shop yang tidak lagi mementingkan luas ruang coffee shop, tapi menghadirkan karakter desain interior yang lebih sederhana dengan tema yang unik. Variasi ini pun juga memiliki segmentasi konsumen tersendiri. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menilai korelasi nilai sensualitas dari brand coffee shop dengan tingkat loyalitas konsumen terhadap brand coffee shop tersebut. Hal tersebut penting untuk diteliti lebih lanjut, karena dapat melihat secara detail peran dari desain interior terhadap suatu brand coffee shop dan juga terhadap pola konsumsi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sequential mixed-method menggunakan metode pendataan kuisioner untuk generasi Y dan Z, observasi dan wawancara langsung kepada konsumen dan pemilik coffee shop. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa elemen-elemen interior coffee shop yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap tingkat loyalitas konsumen adalah faktor fisik lingkungan seperti furniture, pencahayaan, kombinasi warna, dekorasi interior, suara, temperatur, kualitas kopi yang baik, yang akan berpengaruh pada aroma yang menyenangkan pada coffee shop, serta faktor non fisik lingkungan seperti interaksi sosial yang dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan seperti di rumah sendiri, pada coffee shop.
Strategi Pencahayaan Buatan Dalam Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru; Studi Kasus Rumah Tinggal HUNI
Authors: Abdulhadi Reza Hambali Wilman , S Annisa Bella
Published: May 2021

During COVID-19 pandemic, a house is no longer just a place to live, but also used for various activities; a place to protect from potential transmission of the corona virus. To prevent virus spreading, we need to stay at home as much as possible. During pandemic people are advised to stay at home, but there are times when residents need to leave the house. From the activities carried outside the house, possibilities of bacteria and viruses which brought into the house through items used or carried is emminent. To overcome this, a strategy is needed to reduce exposure of bacteria and viruses from outside the house. One way that can be done is through artificial lighting strategies to disinfect items. Artificial lighting is any source of light that does not come from nature and consumes energy. In relation to the prevention and spread of the corona virus, it is known that UVC rays are a type of light wave that can be used to kill the corona virus. This research was conducted through a data driven method, to see what possibilities could be done to prevent the spread of the virus at home. The object of study used in this case is the HUNI residence, which is a modular residential concept and can be easily configured to allow zoning in the house to be replaced as needed. Through this research, the concept of a sterilizer using UVC light was formed that could meet the needs of the new normal. With the presence of a sterilizer, it is hoped that it can be a way to prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses into the home.
Kriteria Ruang Sekolah Khusus Penyandang Autisme
Authors: Martana Salmon Priaji , Hafilda Hafilda
Published: May 2021

Autism is a condition of children with developmental disorders. This condition encourages the establishment of special schools to accommodate children with autism. This special school must have specific standards and criteria so that children with autism can learn at school as well as in turn have adequate therapeutic facilities. This paper aims to describe the criteria of those special schools for children with autism, in particular the design criteria that can be applied to the interior of a building. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach using a literature survey method with a review of government regulations and design standards for spaces of children at special schools recommended for persons with autism. It is hoped that with an understanding of these design criteria, spaces for persons with autism in special schools can be designed more effective and efficient.
Origami Folding by Multifingered Hands with Motion Primitives
Authors: Namiki Akio , Yokosawa Shuichi
Published: May 2021

Origami, a traditional Japanese art, is an example of superior handwork produced by human hands. Achieving such extreme dexterity is one of the goals of robotic technology. In the work described in this paper, we developed a new general-purpose robot system with sufficient capabilities for performingOrigami. We decomposed the complex folding motions into simple primitives and generated the overall motion as a combination of these primitives. Also, to measure the paper deformation in real-time, we built an estimator using a physical simulator and a depth camera. As a result, our experimental system achieved consecutive valley folds and a squash fold.
THE 2020 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC FROM A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Horváth Peter , Urc Erik
Published: June 2021

The subject of this article is the analysis of the 2020 parliamentary elections in the Slovak Republic from the point of view of the regional success of individual political entities. The authors refer the strong and weak areas of support for individual political parties, which gained more than five percent of the votes on a nationwide scale. As the Slovak Republic is considered as single constituency in the parliamentary elections, the results themselves do not literally indicate the areas with the strongest or weakest voter support. It is interesting to observe the extent of influence of the residence of the electoral leader, the ethnic composition of the population or the religiosity on the electoral behaviour. Equally interesting is the observation of the stability of electoral preferences, as we have witnessed largely different results in the 2020 parliamentary elections compared to the 2019 elections (presidential elections, as well as the European Parliament elections).

Key words: parliamentary elections, Slovak Republic, electoral gain, National Council of the Slovak Republic, regions.
THE WORK – LIFE BALANCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION WITH FOCUS ON PARENTAL AND PATERNITY LEAVE
Authors: Horváthová Zuzana , Fischerová Iva , Abrahám Josef
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with the social policy of the European Union, specifically the directive (EU) 2019/1158 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on work-life balance for parents and carers and repealing Council Directive 2010/18/EU. And it is considering the changes that need to be made in the area of labour law, especially concerning the Labour Code, and partially in social security in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic, in connection with the requirement to transpose this directive. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the valid legislation of the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic in the monitored area.

Key words: social policy, European Union, work-life balance, directive, parental leave, paternity leave, carers ́ leave, social security.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE MACROENVIRONMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRICE OF SHARED AIRBNB ACCOMMODATION
Authors: Kóňa Jakub
Published: June 2021

The shared economy occupies through shared accommodation a full-featured position in many economies of the world and the extent of its impact can be expressed in various ways. In addition, the price of accommodation appears to be a sufficiently objective, measurable, and comparable element to other statistical instruments of the economic environment. In the article, we use statistical methods of correlation and regression analysis to express the relationships between the dependent variable in the form of the price of shared accommodation in European Union countries and other economic indicators of the macroenvironment and the tourism industry, which thus represent an independent variable. The results signal that shared accommodation prices shows a higher degree of correlation with other indicators of the tourism sector than with other macroeconomic indicators in individual countries.

Key words: Shared Economy. Shared Accommodation Prices, Airbnb, Regression and Correlation
Beskrivelse til Geologisk Kort over Danmark (i Maalestok 1: 100,000). Kortbladet Samsø
Authors: Madsen Victor
Published: June 2021

Kortbladet Samsø omfatter:l) I Holbæk Amt, Samsø Herred: Øerne Samsø med Sognene Besser, Tranebjerg, Kolby, Onsbjerg og Nordby; Tunø, Tunø Sogn; Bosserne, Vejrø, Lindholm og Kydholm i Kattegat; Hjortholm, Mejlsholm, Yderste Holm, Æskholm, Sværm og flere mindre Øer i Stavns Fjord.2) I Randers Amt, Mols Herred: Halvøen Helgenæs, Helgenæs Sogn; Sydspidsen af den Halvø, hvorpaa Æbeltoft ligger, og Øen Hjelm, begge hørende til Æbeltoft Landdistrikt.
Socio-demographic factors and divorce among young married couples - A socio-cultural perspective
Authors: Ravindran Anuja
Published: May 2021

Divorce leads to many conflicts as women being single at an early age. This study aimed to determine the rate and socio-demographic associations of Divorce in Sri Lanka. A larger range of remarriages have conjointly additional to the increased numbers of marriages per annum. The data were gathered through an in-depth interview method and Questionnaire from 60 divorced young couples, to ignore the data duplication, data were collected from one of the divorced young couples who live in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. The research findings demonstrated that to reverse this trend, elders of the couple recommend and instruct them about the realities of life. Compromises and sacrifices are important aspects that the couple ought to have a secure married life.
The Role of Education in Combating Violent Extremism in Developing Countries with an Emphasis on Afghanistan
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Education as a pervasive process has affected all aspects of individual and group life, and today, almost all those seeking development and reform start from all over the world. Preventing radicalization and violent extremism is one of the most controversial issues in the world in this century. In addition, it was found that some extremist groups are recruiting in educational settings. These findings led to a new approach to the education sector as a prominent partner in preventing and combating the radicalization of young people. Education faces many challenges in developing countries, including Afghanistan. With the change of world views, cultures and different beliefs of human beings, the goals of education have also changed and according to this, there is a direct relationship and coordination between society and education. The inefficiency of the education system in different sections of the society will have adverse effects and dangerous consequences, as can be seen from the findings, lack of inclusive education, lack of quality in education and lack of job opportunities after graduation are recommended to strengthen the role of education for sustainable development in developing countries, especially Afghanistan because education is the cornerstone of development. One of the most important and influential institutions, investing in equal education and creating a safe environment for students at different levels (primary, secondary and tertiary) and adopting sensible strategies can be in the process. Integration, convergence, peaceful coexistence and the elimination of violence between peoples and nations have brought about many effects and changes.
‘The Indian Express’ Investigation of India’s Toppers: Seven ‘Takeaways’ for Betterment of Education System
Authors: Misra Pradeep
Published: June 2021

The Indian Express, an English Daily, investigated the progression of 86 national school Board toppers (51 men and 35 women) during the two-decade of 1996-2015. The investigation consisted of toppers of Class X and XII (from the Central Board of Secondary Education and the Council for Indian School Certificate Examinations). It was published in three parts (The Indian Express, December 27-28-29, 2020). As a follow-up of the major findings of the investigation, this article proposes seven ‘takeaways’ for the betterment of India’s education system.
Revisiting Gandhian Philosophy: A Critical Study of R K Narayan’s Waiting for the Mahatma
Authors: Hasan Sheikh Mehedi , Munni Benazir Elahee
Published: June 2021

R K Narayan’s novel Waiting for the Mahatma covers in considerable detail the years of political turmoil preceding the Partition of India, taking Mahatma Gandhi as one of its leading characters. The article attempts to analyse how the novel illustrates the role of Gandhi as a political leader and philosophical guide and the influence of his ideology and philosophy on other characters during the Indian independence movement. First, it pinpoints Gandhi’s philosophical thoughts as documented in his own writings and activities and then points out how those are integrated into the novel. The article also investigates the attitudes of Gandhi’s followers (as the characters of the novel) as well as those of the common people towards his thoughts and activities. Thus, the study aims to offer a textual analysis of the novel by revisiting Gandhian philosophy focusing, especially, on values of ahimsa, Satyagraha and non-violent resistance.
Understanding the Possible Impact of Exotic Parrots on Human Health
Authors: PER Esra
Published: June 2021

Parrots are birds that live in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. International trade of parrots is carried out according to the CITES Convention. A total of 135 parrot species were imported and 40 parrot species re-exported between 1982 and 2016 in Turkey. Exotic parrots have started to spread and established breeding populations only in and around city centres of Turkey. Introduction and establishment of alien species in the country is unwanted situation because alien species can have adverse effects on ecosystem, economic, human health and social factors in countries. Therefore, alien species should be monitored. The impact of exotic parrots to human health is assessed in this study. The alien Rose ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri) (RRP) and Alexandrine parakeet (Psittacula eupatria) (AP) do not have any impact on human health until now in Turkey, but various microorganisms and vectors may be carried with exotic parrot species in future. RRP and AP live in the wild as a result of intentional or accidental introductions. Besides, pet trade on these species continues in Turkey. This is a problem in terms of biosecurity. Biosecurity measures should be increased in Turkey. Incorrect scientific researches should not be considered in the management of these species.
Japon Bıldırcını Diyetlerinde Betain kullanımının Büyüme Performansı, karkas ve Duodenum Villus Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖLMEZ Mükremin
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışma bıldırcın diyetlerine ilave edilen betainin performans, karkas randımanı ve bazı iç organ ağırlıkları ile duodenum villus uzunlukları üzerine etkilerini incelemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Deneme 1 günlük yaştaki 150 adet japon bıldırcını ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada hayvanlar 1 kontrol ve 2 deneme grubu olmak üzere toplam 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Gruplar her birinde 10 civciv bulunan 5 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Denemede kontrol grubu sadece bazal diyetle beslenirken, deneme gruplarına sırasıyla; %0.3 ve %0.8 betain HCL eklenmiştir. Deneme rasyonları izokalorik ve izonitrojenik olarak hazırlanmıştır. Hayvanlara yem ve su ad-libitum verilmiştir. Çalışma 35 gün sürdürülmüştür. Elde edilen verilere göre betainin bıldırcın diyetlerine ilavesiyle canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ile duodenum villus uzunluğu üzerine istatistiksel olarak olumlu etkiler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P0,05). Sonuç olarak; bıldırcın diyetlerine %0.8 düzeyinde betain ilavesinin büyüme performansı ve bağırsak sağlığını iyileştirdiği ve güvenle kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Pengukuran Beban Kerja Mental di Bagian Perawatan di PT. XYZ Menggunakan Metode NASA-TLX
Authors: Rahdiana Nana , Arifin Riski , Hakim Afif
Published: May 2021

Dalam persaingan industri sekarang ini, tidak sedikit perusahaan yang menggunakan pola produksi berkelanjutan dengan bekerja selama 24 jam untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Agar proses produksi tidak mengalami masalah, diperlukan perawatan yang teratur terhadap mesin produksi. PT XYZ memiliki bagian perawatan yang dibagi menjadi tiga subbagian, yaitu Mekanik, Elektrikal, dan Method. Hasil observasi menunjukkan adanya keluhan para pekerja di bagian perawatan yang harus bekerja dengan performa yang maksimal sehingga membuat beban kerja mental meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur beban kerja mental pada bagian perawatan PT XYZ. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah NASA-TLX untuk mengukur beban kerja mental berdasarkan enam dimensi yaitu Mental, Fisik, Waktu, Kinerja, Usaha, dan Frustasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 73% pekerja masuk dalam kategori beban kerja mental “tinggi” dan 27% masuk dalam kategori beban kerja mental “sangat tinggi”. Hasil pengujian statistik menunjukkan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,369 yang berarti lebih besar dari P-value 0,05 dan dapat dinyatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan beban kerja mental di setiap subbagian perawatan.
Analisis Pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri pada Tenaga Kerja Antar-Shift Kerja di Unit Produksi PT. XYZ sebagai Upaya Mengendalikan Risiko di Tempat Kerja
Authors: Oktriyawan Yusuf , Purnomo Hari , Oktyajati Nancy
Published: May 2021

Alat pelindung diri (APD) adalah alat yang dipakai oleh tenaga kerja dengan tujuan sebagai pelindung sebagian atau seluruh anggota tubuh dari potensi bahaya yang ada. Meskipun APD berada di tahap paling akhir pada urutan pengendalian risiko tetapi keberadaannya sangat berpengaruh pada keselamatan pekerja. Sistem pengendalian risiko kecelakaan yang bersifat permanen tetap menjadi pilihan utama untuk mencegah timbulnya kecelakaan di tempat kerja. Namun banyak kendala pada setiap perusahaan untuk menerapkannya, mungkin karena sistem permanen belum optimal atau karena faktor biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketaatan tenaga kerja shift pada unit produksi di PT XYZ terhadap aturan penggunaan APD. PT. XYZ merupakan pabrik yang bergerak di industri beton pra-cetak. Data penelitian diambil melalui pengamatan langsung dan wawancara kemudian di analisa dengan menggunakan diagram fishbone. Pengamatan dilakukan kepada 151 personil lini produksi. Dari hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan, persentase penggunaan APD pada shift pagi 89%, sementara shift malam 87%. Penggunaan APD dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu shift kerja, kenyamanan APD, perawatan APD, kesesuaian penggunaan, ketegasan pengawasan, sosialisasi, dan kelengkapan penilaian risiko yang ada.
Penentuan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja pada Departemen Produksi di PT. XYZ dengan Metode Programa Dinamis untuk Meminimasi Biaya Tenaga Kerja
Authors: Rahmawati Sinta , Nasution Andri Rachmat Kumalasian , Nurholik Muhamad Bagus
Published: May 2021

PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan perakitan komponen elektronika berupa transformator dengan tipe TLF, TLV, TU dan DRB. Kondisi yang terjadi saat ini yaitu perusahaan tidak bisa memenuhi permintaan secara regular time dan harus mengambil keputusan untuk melakukan overtime dan subcontract. Keputusan ini diambil karena seringnya tenaga kerja multi skill dipindahkan dari stasiun kerja satu ke stasiun kerja lain serta dari departemen satu ke departemen lain untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen. Dampak yang diperoleh dari kondisi tersebut adalah biaya tenaga kerja yang dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan menjadi lebih tinggi. Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut maka diperlukan perhitungan jumlah tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan di setiap stasiun kerja pada keseluruhan departemen. Penentuan jumlah tenaga kerja usulan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode programa dinamis. Langkah awal pada penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi varibel input, variabel keputusan dan kendala yang ada, selanjutnya membuat fungsi tujuan dan menyelesaikan masalah dengan metode programa dinamis. Pada penelitian ini, output berupa jumlah tenaga kerja yang dipilih berdasarkan biaya yang paling minimal akan menjadi input pada periode selanjutnya. Dengan mengimplementasikan metode usulan, perusahaan dapat menghemat biaya tenaga kerja yang dikeluarkan dengan selisih dari metode aktual dan usulan sebesar Rp 2.811.651 (dalam satuan ribuan) pada periode April.
Penentuan Prioritas Supplier Bahan Baku di Pabrik Boneka X Menggunakan Analytic Network Process
Authors: Djingga Charly , Heryanto Rainisa Maini
Published: May 2021

Supplier merupakan suatu entitas dalam rantai pasok yang memegang peranan penting untuk menjaga ketersediaan bahan baku sebuah industri manufaktur. Pada bagian pengadaan, aktivitas pemilihan supplier akan mempengaruhi kinerja perusahaan dan kepuasan konsumen. Pabrik X merupakan salah satu perusahaan pembuat boneka yang menggunakan kain acrylic sebagai bahan baku utama dan memiliki 6 supplier yang dapat memasok bahan baku tersebut. Saat ini, supplier yang memasok bahan baku tidak memenuhi standar kualitas perusahaan dan sering tidak dapat memenuhi jumlah bahan baku yang diinginkan perusahaan. Pabrik X ingin menentukan ulang prioritas supplier yang memasok kain acrylic. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan adalah Analytic Network Process. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner dalam penentuan kriteria dan sub-kriteria. Proses pengolahan data menggunakan software Superdecisions yang telah divalidasi. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kriteria tidak mengalami perubahan yaitu 5 kriteria dengan urutan kualitas, harga, pelayanan, pengiriman, dan respon dengan bobot berturut sebesar 0,309; 0,254; 0,226; 0,152; dan 0,057. Jumlah sub-kriteria bertambah dari 10 subkriteria menjadi 16 sub-kriteria dengan urutan yang memiliki pengaruh yang besar adalah kualitas bahan baku, kecepatan menanggapi pesanan, kemampuan memenuhi pesanan, moda pengiriman, dan harga bahan baku. Prioritas utama supplier mengalami perubahan menjadi PT QLL.
Analisis Penerapan Kaizen pada Divisi Perawatan dan Perbaikan Kendaraan di AHASS 9648 PT. Cahaya Sakti Motor Surakarta untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Karyawan
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad , Purnomo Hari , Oktyajati Nancy
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui feedback karyawan tentang penerapan Kaizen pada divisiperawatan dan perbaikan kendaraan. Analisis penerapan Kaizen dilakukan dengan mengetahui respon dari 66 karyawan yang terlibat dalam organisasi Kaizen. Respon karyawan dilakukan dengan membagi kuesioner yang berisi poin pertanyaan terkait Kaizen. Data hasil kuesioner diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS 20. Uji validitas digunakan untuk mengetahui kelayakan butir-butir pertanyaan dengan r hitung dibandingkan dengan r tabel dimana df=n-2 dengan sigma 0,05 (jika r hitung > r tabel maka valid). Penelitian ini menggunakan jumlah sampel sebesar 66 responden, maka df=66-2=64 sehingga dengan df=66 dan alpha=0,05 dapat r tabel = 0,2423. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas dapat diketahui bahwa semua butir pertanyaan memiliki r hitung > r tabel, sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa semua butir pertanyaan valid. Dari hasil uji reliabilitas dapat diketahui bahwa nilai Cronbach’s alpha pada masing-masing variabel lebih besar dari 0,6 sehingga semua instrumen yang digunakan memenuhi syarat reliabilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil dari uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas dapat diketahui bahwa nilai masing-masing variabel lebih besar maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan Kaizen pada Divisi Perawatan dan Perbaikan Kendaraan di AHASS 9648 PT Cahaya akti Motor Surakarta untuk meningkatkan produktivitas karyawan berpengaruh signifikan.
Analisis Usaha Tote Bag Ramah Lingkungan sebagai Solusi Guna Mengurangi Sampah Plastik
Authors: Yusvita Gita , Rinjani Ida , Arum Suminar Lintangjati , Resa Andira Eoudia , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Puspa Sari Rianita
Published: May 2021

Tote bag ramah lingkungan merupakan ide usaha yang timbul dari permasalahan sosial, yaitu maraknya penggunaan plastik yang mencemari lingkungan. Dari permasalahan tersebut, muncullah ide untuk membuat produk pengganti plastik berbahan ramah lingkungan, tujuannya untuk menciptakan produk pengganti yang tidak menggantikan fungsi utamanya. Tote bag ramah lingkungan berbahan kain kanvas dengan desain yang memiliki nilai tambah dan dapat dilipat menjadi pocket bag, dengan tambahan unsur kain batik sebagai media pelestarian budaya Indonesia. Pemecahan masalah dilakukan melalui penelitian pustaka untuk mengumpulkan data terkait, serta analisis bisnis menggunakan metode analisis PESTEL dan STP (Segmentation, Targeting, dan Positioning). Berdasarkan metode yang telah dirancang, rencana usaha tote bag ramah lingkungan telah dilaksanakan sejak tanggal 10 Agustus 2020. Penjualan dan pemasaran dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan konsep digital marketing. Target konsumen adalah remaja, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, pada rentang usia 15–24 tahun. Pada tanggal 20–22 Oktober 2020 telah dilaksanakan launching produk, pre-order, dan telah dipesan sebanyak 10 unit dengan total pendapatan sebesar Rp.357.000.
The COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Tachin Philip
Published: June 2021

KEYWORDS:
Empati yang Rasional dan Relasional
Authors: Pranata Adrianus Yoga
Published: June 2021

Dalam artikel ini saya ingin membandingkan empati dari sudut pandang fenomenologi dan Immanuel Kant. Artikel ini menawarkan cara pandang secara filosofis-etis. Fenomenologi menekankan pengalaman sebagai dasar untuk berempati. Sementara itu, Kant lebih menitikberatkan pada aspek rasio. Bogdan dan Taylor, sebagaimana dikatakan oleh Armada,  mencetuskan gagasan one of them. Konsep one of them ini juga terkait dengan terminologi sorge dari Heidegger yang dijelaskan secara mendalam oleh Schutz sebagai kesadaran di sini-sekarang-kemudian (here-now-then). One of them dan sorge mendapat kepenuhannya dalam pengalaman. Namun di sisi lain Kant menolak pengalaman sebagai dasar etika. Pengalaman seringkali menampakkan partikularitasnya sehingga etika menjadi relatif dan bias. Dari pro-kontra dua pandangan ini timbul pertanyaan, apakah mungkin empati itu bertolak dari pengalaman dan terjadi secara rasional? Pertalian antara pengalaman dan rasio nantinya akan terlihat dalam pemaknaan yang mendalam atas relasi.

 

In this article I will compare the value of empathy from the phenomenology’s and Immanuel Kant’s point of views. Phenomenology emphasizes empirical aspect as empathy basis. Whilst Kant counts heavily on rational aspect. Armada, citing Bogdan an Taylor, triggers a concept ‘one of them’. The concept relates to sorge described by Heidegger and elaborated by Schutz as a conciousness and cognition of here-now-then.  The concepts of one of them and sorge have their completeness in empirical experience. In other hand, Kant rejects empirical experience as ethical base. Experiences are often observed in their particularity, hence ethics will be biased and relative. The disagreement between Kant and phenomenology arises a very question, is empirical and rational empathy posible? The interwoven connection of them is in deep import of relation.
OSTEOARTHRITIS – А MODERN CONCEPT OF ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
Authors: Sapundzhiev L. , Sapundzhieva Tanya , Klinkanov K.
Published: May 2021

Osteoarthritis (ОА) is a disease of synovial joints, damaging all the structures of the articular apparatus with a chronic progressive course, resulting in an articular dysfunction. The modern concepts present OA as a “disease of the entire organism”  – an active disease process, determined by a group of factors –systemic (genetic, neuro-humoral, hormonal) and local ( biomechanical. These factors are “general” for the  development of OA, but of different extent of significance in the different articular locations. In the descriptive review are presented the modern concepts of the role and the interaction between the different factors, concerning the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease. Also a lot of data, referring to the incidence and prevalence of OA all over the world and in our region are pointed out.
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND IMMUNITY
Authors: Momcheva Irina , Kazmin I. , Hristova S. , Madjova V.
Published: May 2021

Abstract

        Low-grade inflammation is part of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) from its earliest stages and contributes to the acceleration of the degenerative process. Innate immunity has a leading role in it.

       Activation of the innate immune response is initiated by stimulation of the receptors on the cell membrane to recognize the secreted PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns). However, PAMPs can also be activated by endogenous damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs). The group of DAMPs also includes toll-like receptors (TLRs).The disruption of matrix homeostasis in the course of OA is an example of activation of these receptors in chronic damage.

     The complement system is a key element of the innate immune system. It is one of the serum enzyme systems whose function is to opsonize antigens. The complement receptors on the surface of the cell membranes adhere to the targets for phagocytosis. The C3R fraction activates the complement cascade itself, as well as the oxygen metabolism of the cell, which is essential for the phagocytosis. The cartilage damage products released during joint damage are a separate class of potent complement modulators.     Complement fractions bind to complement receptors on the surface of the chondrocyte and the synoviocyte cell membranes by TLR. The complement system is involved in many processes in the course of osteoarthritis: chondrocyte degeneration, ECM degradation, low-grade inflammation in the osteoarthritis, cell lysis, unbalanced bone remodeling, osteophyte formation, and neoangiogenesis. Whether drug control of complement activation may be a future therapeutic strategy in the treatment of OA and prevent its progression is a subject of future studies.
MRI brain findings in Rheumatoid Arthritis: a review of the literature
Authors: Zdravkova Tina Yaroslavova , Tsvetkova S. , Zlatareva D.
Published: May 2021

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that

mainly attacks the joints and leads to early disability. Despite aggressive anti-inflammatory therapy, the risk of systemic complications remains high. Moreover, the rate of premature cardiovascular disease mortality in patients with active RA, as well as the risk for development of non-fatal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications is also high.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is one of the main components of extra-articular manifestations of RA. Brain changes might be caused by systemic inflammatory response or by the drugs used for treatment.

Assessment of brain involvement and its relationship to the characteristics of the disease in patients with RA are particularly useful. Early detection of changes without cerebral symptoms and rapid response in acute events are of particular importance.

With the increasing use of more imaging modalities magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become highly specific, safe and non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection and monitoring of different pathological processes involving the brain in patients with RA.

Understanding MRI imaging findings in brain involvement is important for selecting appropriate treatment and control of disease progression.

The aim of this review is to summarize literature data of brain changes in RA and their relationship with systemic inflammation as well as to demonstrate the role of MRI in their assessment.
Methods for assessment of microcirculation
Authors: Boyadzhieva Vladimira , Stoilov Nikolay
Published: May 2021

To date, many methods have entered rheumatological practice in order to evaluate more accurately the microcirculation. Most of them are non-invasive or minimally invasive, easily accessible, providing different information depending on the specifics of the study.

Over the years, some of them (such as chromametry and volumetry) have lost their routine application and have acquired rather historical significance, while others have become an integral part of the rheumatological armentarium. An example of this is video capillaroscopy, which, through its dynamic development over the last 20 years, has evolved in the knowledge of changes in microcirculation in systemic sclerosis, as well as in other systemic connective tissue diseases. The expansion of knowledge in this area has led to the updating of the classification criteria for systemic sclerosis, allowing the addition of capillaroscopic changes as recognized by the European League against Rheumatism (EULAR).

Another important indication for performing video capillaroscopy is the differentiation of primary from secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging is also used to detect secondary Raynaud's phenomenon in order to distinguish whether reduced blood flow is due to systemic autoimmune disease. Thermography also has a helpful role in diagnosing Raynaud's phenomenon, but unlike the other two methods, it has a much more limited application due to the lack of discriminative ability to distinguish nutritional from thermoregulatory blood flow, which leads to erroneous conclusions in pathological conditions.

Venous occlusive plethysmography is one of the "gold standards" in the assessment of vascular function in health and disease and is an accurate, reproducible and convenient method to assess the effect of new vasoactive drugs. However, its application in everyday rheumatological practice is quite limited.
Feasibility and surgical technique of percutaneous transforaminal discectomy for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Ferdinandov D.
Published: May 2021

Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) is an alternative minimally invasive technique for the treatment of lumbosacral radicular syndrome resulting from lumbar disc herniation. The latter is performed with the help of local anesthesia and sedation in an awake patient with the advantage of direct feedback. Access to the target is lateral and follows a safe trajectory through the Kambin triangle. The main advantages of this surgical technique are the possibility of early discharge within 2 hours after its completion, negligible blood loss, lower risk of infectious complications, convenience in patients with obesity, reduced risk of epidural fibrosis. There are currently no large randomized trials of good quality demonstrating the advantage of PTED over open interlaminar access established in practice. In the worst case, endoscopic discectomy is not known to pose additional risks to patients. The operative technique with a clinical case and a discussion about the applicability of the new approach for the treatment of lumbar disc herniations are presented.
The Imperial Russian Navy in the Epoch of Turbomachinery: On the history of the arms industry
Authors: Поликарпов В.В.
Published: May 2021

Восстановление надводного флота Российской империи в 1906–1917 гг. происходило в условиях революционных сдвигов в мировой кораблестроительной технике. Произошел переход от традиционных поршневых паровых машин в качестве главного двигателя к турбинным механизмам. Для самостоятельного изготовления судовых турбин машиностроительным заводам в империи не хватало мощного металлургического оборудования и технологического опыта. В условиях спешной подготовки к войне правительство пожертвовало традиционным официальным принципом — строить все у себя, из отечественных материалов, своими силами. Турбинные двигатели для всех классов кораблей царский флот получал из Германии, Англии, Швейцарии и США. В России же производство турбин в основном сводилось к механической обработке стальных заготовок, полученных от зарубежных поставщиков, и последующей сборки под руководством специалистов из авторитетных в данной области западных фирм. В историографии вопроса наблюдается систематическое противоречие: достоверное фактически описание кораблестроительной практики, как правило, опровергает обобщения, основанные на преувеличенных представлениях о достигнутом заводской техникой России научно-производственном уровне.

The restoration of the Imperial Russian surface fleet in 1900–1917 took place during major technological shifts in world shipbuilding. It was the time of transition from traditional reciprocating steam engines to turbine mechanisms. The Empire’s machine-building plants lacked powerful metallurgical equipment and technological experience required for production of ship turbines. Within the circumstances of rapid war preparations, the government shifted from traditional principles of self-production, towards using international resources and powers.
The Imperial Russian Navy was supplied by turbine engines for all classes of ships by Germany, England, Switzerland and the USA. Turbine engines in Russia were manufactured by processing steel templates provided by foreign suppliers. Further construction of the engines took place under the supervision of experienced western entities.
A systematic contradiction in the historiography on this issue can be seen. The author reveals a verified factually based descriptions of the shipmanufacturing process, and disapproves past general conclusions, which were based on the exaggerated notions about the level of Russian scientific and technological development.