bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Recommendation System for Video Games: Combining Content-based & Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Manikantan Aditya
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Recommending video games can be trickier than movies. When it comes to selecting a video game, many factors are involved such as its genre, platform on which it’s played, duration of main and side quests, and more. However, recommending games based on just these features won’t suffice as a person who, for example, enjoys a certain genre of game can equally enjoy a vastly different genre. Therefore, a scoring mechanism is required which takes into account both, features of a game (contentbased filtering) and also studies the buying patterns of people playing a particular game (collaborative filtering). In this paper I have proposed a way to take into account both content-based and collaborative filtering into the final recommendation. I have used cosine similarity to quantify the similarity between the features of games. Along with this, I have employed a Deep fullyconnected AutoEncoder (DAE) to generalize the implicit data representation of an user’s buying patterns. Finally, I present a novel approach to combine the scores of these filtering techniques in such a way that it gives equal weightage to both. In other words, they both have equal influence over the final list of the top 10 games recommended to the user. Keywords: Hybrid Recommender, Collaborative filtering, Content-based filtering, Cosine similarity, AutoEncoder.
Lecture 4: Aristotle on Rhetorica
Authors: McCarron Gary
Published: September 2021

After a short biographical summary of Aristotle’s life, this lecture turns to the different ways in which Aristotle and Plato practiced philosophy, identifiable in the different ways they presented their ideas. Through this lecture’s lens we view these philosophers’ texts, Aristotle’s logic, syllogism, Aristotle’s rhetorica, and the distinction he drew between ethos, pathos, and logos, referring to the speaker, the audience, and the discourse.
Suivant un bref sommaire biographique de la vie d’Aristote, ce cours se penche sur les différentes manières dont Aristote et Platon pratiquaient la philosophie, identifiables par les façons divergentes dont ils présentaient leurs idées. Dans ce cours, on passe en revue les textes de ces philosophes, la logique d’Aristote, le syllogisme, la Rhétorique d’Aristote, et la distinction que celui-ci a faite entre ethos, pathos et logos, c’est-à-dire l’orateur, l’auditoire et le discours.
Evaluation of Drug Release from Carboxymethyl Starch-Xanthan Gum-HPMC Matrix
Authors: Verma Amit Kumar , Kumar Arun , Ramasamy Subbiah , Yadav Ajit Kumar , Bijauliya Rohit Kumar
Published: September 2021

The use of hydrophilic polymers from natural origin. Especially the polysaccharides have been the focus of current research activity in the design of matrix device due to their non toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable nature and broad regulatory acceptance. A large number of polysaccharides such as Carboxymethyl starch, Xanthan gum, Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Sodium Alginate etc, have been used as hydrophilic matrices to investigate release behavior of drug. In order to enrich the resources, there is a quest for new polysaccharide owing to their diverse chemical composition and functional groups are amenable to chemical modification and thus tailor made polymeric matrices are obtained which which can be used to modulate oral drug release. The objective of the study is to characterize Verapamil hydrochloride loaded matrix dosage form using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), xanthan gum, corn starch as rate retarding polymer. Dosage forms were prepared using different polymers along with drug Verapamil hydrochloride. Carboxymethylation was performed. Drug release was evaluated in simulated gastric media. Addition of xanthan gum significantly retarded the burse release of drug. The retardation of drug release was found to be dependent upon the concentration. The formulation composed of HPMC K4M and CS (ARI-ARI3) followed super case transport is swelling controlled, purely relaxation controlled drug delivery.

Keywords: Verapamil HCl, Natural gums, xanthan gum, HPMC, sustained release
Quantum-accelerated constraint programming
Authors: Booth Kyle E. C. , O'Gorman Bryan , Marshall Jeffrey , Hadfield Stuart , Rieffel Eleanor
Published: September 2021

Constraint programming (CP) is a paradigm used to model and solve constraint satisfaction and combinatorial optimization problems. In CP, problems are modeled with constraints that describe acceptable solutions and solved with backtracking tree search augmented with logical inference. In this paper, we show how quantum algorithms can accelerate CP, at both the levels of inference and search. Leveraging existing quantum algorithms, we introduce a quantum-accelerated filtering algorithm for thealldifferentglobal constraint and discuss its applicability to a broader family of global constraints with similar structure. We propose frameworks for the integration of quantum filtering algorithms within both classical and quantum backtracking search schemes, including a novel hybrid classical-quantum backtracking search method. This work suggests that CP is a promising candidate application for early fault-tolerant quantum computers and beyond.
Associative field of the concept “fire” in the linguistic consciousness of native Russian speakers at the background of the Latvian linguistic culture
Authors: Isajeva Elvira S. , Vasiljeva Elina G.
Published: September 2021

The research is devoted to one of the modern trends in linguistics - cultural linguistics. The topicality is related to the study of the Russian language functioning as the language of diaspora in the eastern region of Latvia - Latgale. The research aims to characterize the means of expressing the concept fire based on modelling and analyzing its associative field in the aspect of Latvian picture of the world. Theory and practice of the associative experiment were used as a methodological framework for the research. The method of free associative experiment reveals the specific features of different cultures, as well as the functional peculiarities of the linguistic consciousness both of a separate individual - a native speaker, and of a certain ethnic or national group. The word fire (Latvian - uguns) was suggested as a stimulus word. The received reactions were analyzed according to linguistic and cultural-contextual aspects. A comparative analysis of the associative fields revealed both the specific features of the Russian linguistic picture of the world, which combines the characteristics inherent in the Russian language of the metropolis and the ones that indicate the influence of the linguistic and cultural environment, and the features and signs that coincide or are identical in the Russian and the Latvian linguistic picture of the worlds. The data processing and the analysis define the concept fire precisely as a full-fledged concept in the perception of the native speakers of the Russian language in Latgale, since not only the dictionary meaning is actualized in their linguistic picture of the world, but also a multi-level associative field, unique in terms of contextual connotations, is modelled.
Phonetization of teaching Russian as a foreign language in digital humanitarian knowledge: theoretical aspect
Authors: Deryabina Svetlana A. , Liubimova Nina A.
Published: September 2021

The article describes the phonetization potential in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL) to philology students in the context of digitalization of education. The relevance of the topic is due to the connection between the quality of hearing and pronunciation skills formation and the processes of perception, understanding, memorization, programming an utterance in a foreign language, on the one hand, and the methodological capabilities of modern technologies, on the other hand. The purpose of the work is to present the theoretical foundations of phonetization in teaching RFL and methodological techniques to implement it, taking into account the opportunities of the digital educational environment. The material of the research includes the questionnaires of foreign students studying Russian in bachelors, masters and postgraduate programs, aimed at determining the demand for continuing work on hearing and pronunciation skills formation at the basic and advanced levels. The authors used the following methods: analysis of scientific publications on practical phonetics, digitalization of humanitarian knowledge, listening and pronunciation skills formation by means of electronic linguodidactics, observation of the practical use of phonetization in teaching RFL, questioning the recipients. Basing on the results of the questionnaire survey of foreign students, the authors come to the conclusion that it is important to include work on hearing and pronunciation skills formation at the main and advanced stages of teaching the Russian language practical course in bachelors and masters programs. In this regard, the theoretical knowledge necessary for the teacher to phonetize the learning process at the main and advanced stages is described, namely: the basic concepts in the field of the articulatory apparatus, the characteristics of sounds, the phonetic base of the Russian language, stress, rhythm and reduction in the Russian word, phonetic processes within the word and at the junction of words, the intonation form of the syntagma. The potential of the digital educational space for phonetizing the practical course of the Russian language at the main and advanced stages of university education is revealed, where the content of phonetic work is determined by the characteristics of a particular study group, teacher training, and appropriate methodological recommendations are given. The practical significance of the research lies in the student-philologist and the teachers theoretical knowledge generalization, necessary for the phonetization in teaching RFL and their potential application in the context of the educational space digitalization. This study opens prospects for further exploration of the digital educational space potential in order to improve hearing and pronunciation skills and create appropriate teaching materials.
Caracterización neurofisiológica de la función de fibra pequeña en mujeres heterocigotas con enfermedad de Fabry
Authors: Castellar-Leones Sandra Milena , Díaz-Ruiz Jorge Arturo , Ortiz-Corredor Fernando , Ruiz-Ospina Edicson
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN:
La enfermedad de Fabry (EF) es una enfermedad genética, causada por el déficit de la enzima alfa galactosidasa A (?-Gal A), lo que provoca la acumulación de glicoesfingolípidos en los tejidos. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son variables. Estudios en mujeres heterocigotas reportan la existencia de dolor neuropático como manifestación de neuropatía de fibra pequeña.

OBJETIVO:
Determinar la presencia de neuropatía de fibra pequeña en mujeres heterocigotas para la EF, mediante la prueba cuantitativa sensorial.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:
Se evaluaron 33 mujeres heterocigotas para EF y 33 mujeres sanas, con características demográficas similares. A todas se les aplicó la prueba cuantitativa sensorial (Quantitative Sensory Testing por medio de la detección de umbrales de frío (Colà Detection Threshold), calor (Warm Detection Threshold), dolor inducido por calor (Heat-pain Detection Thresholds) y vibración (Vibratory Detection Threshold) en los miembros superior e inferior, utilizando un sistema asistido por computador versión IV (CASE IV, WR Medical Electronics Co., Stillwater, MN). Adicionalmente, al grupo de mujeres heterocigotas para EF, se le evaluó la percepción subjetiva de dolor neuropàtico mediante el cuestionario de síntomas sensitivos neuropáticos positivos (Positive Neuropathic Sensory Symptom). Los resultados de la prueba cuantitativa sensorial se compararon entre los grupos. También se estableció la correlación entre la prueba cuantitativa sensorial y los resultados del cuestionario de síntomas sensitivos neuropáticos positivos.

RESULTADOS:
Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las pruebas de vibración (p = 0,008), calor (p = 0,017) y dolor inducido por calor (p = 0,04) en el miembro inferior en las mujeres heterocigotas para EF, comparado con el grupo control. Se encontró una correlación inversa estadísticamente significativa entre la intensidad del dolor quemante y el dolor inducido por calor en el miembro inferior (p = 0,018, r = -0,48) y entre la intensidad del dolor al ser rozado o tocado y el dolor inducido por calor en el miembro inferior (p = 0,006, r = -0,49).

CONCLUSIÓN:
En las mujeres heterocigotas para EF, las pruebas objetivas para establecer la presencia de neuropatía de fibra pequeña son anormales en miembros inferiores y se correlacionan con los síntomas sensitivos.
Ataque isquémico transitorio por embolia aérea iatrogénica secundaria a inyecciones intracavernosas en procedimiento urológico
Authors: Vélez Leal Juan Luis , Mesa Murillo Juan Pablo , Herrera Saldarriaga Nicolás Alberto , Caicedo Bello Luis Gabriel , Upegui Estrada Santiago , Martínez Guerra Carlos Andrés
Published: September 2021

Se presenta un caso de ataque isquémico transitorio con sintomatología compatible con lesión de la circulación cerebral posterior, secundario a embolia aérea iatrogénica. Se describe la evolución clínica y las consideraciones más relevantes de la atención y el diagnóstico del ataque cerebrovascular de la circulación posterior. En cuanto a la embolia gaseosa, se describen los métodos diagnósticos, las intervenciones clínicas y las opciones de tratamiento disponibles.
Fractional Schrödinger-Poisson systems with indefinite potentials
Authors: Wang Jun , wang li , Zhong Qiao
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to the following fractional Schrödinger-Poisson
systems: \begin{equation*}
\left\{\aligned
&(-\Delta)^{s} u+V(x)u+\phi(x)u=
f(x,u)
\,\,\,&\text{in
} \mathbb{R}^3, \\ &
(-\Delta)^{t} \phi(x)=u^2
\,\,\,&\text{in
} \mathbb{R}^3, \endaligned
\right. \end{equation*} where
$(-\Delta)^{s}$ is the fractional Lapalcian, $s,
t \in (0, 1),$ $V : \R^3
\to \R$ is continuous. In contrast to
most studies, we consider that the potentials $V$ is indefinite. With
the help of Morse theory, the existence of nontrivial solutions for the
above problem is obtained.
The association between procalcitonin, venous blood gas parameters, and clinical prognosis in patients with Crimean--Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Kerget Ferhan , Kerget Buğra , Yılmaz Sibel İba
Published: September 2021

Objective: Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic
infection characterized by fever and hemorrhage that is endemic to
northeastern Turkey. This study aimed to examine the association between
procalcitonin and venous blood gas parameters and clinical course and
prognosis in patients with CCHF. Methods: A total of 96 CCHF patients
who were followed up in the infectious diseases department between March
and September 2020 were included in the study. The patients’ routine
laboratory tests, serum procalcitonin, and results of venous blood gas
analysis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were
statistically significantly differences in serum platelet, aspartate
transaminase, alanine transaminase, creatinine kinase, lactate
dehydrogenase, potassium, C-reactive protein, sedimentation, D-dimer,
activated partial thromboplastin time, ferritin, procalcitonin and
lactate levels, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio among the patients with
mild, moderate and severe disease (p=0.017 for potassium and p=0.001 for
rest of others). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve
analysis of serum lactate for the differentiation of patients with
severe disease and those with mild/moderate disease, the area under the
curve was 0.802 and a cut-off value of 1.9 mmol/L had 77.8% sensitivity
and 76.9% specificity. For serum procalcitonin, the area under the ROC
curve was 0.892 and a cut-off value of 0.61 ng/ml had 83.3% sensitivity
and 89.7% specificity. Conclusion: Serum procalcitonin and lactate
levels may be useful and easily obtained parameters to guide the
evaluation of clinical severity and follow-up in patients with CCHF.
Mucocele in a pneumatized pterygoid process, challenging case managed by endoscopic surgery
Authors: Steffens Younes , Lebon Serge-daniel , rungevics-kiselovs Normunds , Aitichou Jamal , Horoi Mihaela
Published: September 2021

We report the first published case of a mucocele found in a pneumatized
pterygoid process (PPP) managed by endonasal endoscopic surgery. This
case report highlights the difficulties that can arise from PPP during
functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) as the one encountered here
Lipoma Arborescens in a 16-year old male: A case report
Authors: BAIDOO Paa , Tano Emile , Boakye Frank Nketiah , Al-hassan Majeedallahi , Yorke Gaddiel , Awoonor-Williams Ronald , Boakye Ernest
Published: September 2021

Lipoma arborescens is a benign intra-articular tumor characterized by
joint effusions, pain and reduced range of motion. It is rare in adults
and children. We present a case of Lipoma arborescens in a 16 year old
male. The work up involved plain radiographs, MRI, incisional biopsy and
laboratory analysis.
Elliptic- and hyperbolic-function solutions of the nonlocal reverse-time and reverse-space-time nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Li Bo-wen , Xu Tao , Zhang Tian-Li , An Li-cong , Chen Yang
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we obtain the stationary elliptic- and
hyperbolic-function solutions of the nonlocal reverse-time and
reverse-space-time nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations based on their
connection with the standard Weierstrass elliptic equation. The
reverse-time NLS equation possesses the bounded dn-, cn-, sn-, sech-,
and tanh-function solutions. Of special interest, the tanh-function
solution can display both the dark- and antidark-soliton profiles. The
reverse-space-time NLS equation admits the general Jacobian
elliptic-function solutions (which are exponentially growing at one
infinity or display the periodical oscillation in x), the bounded dn-
and cn-function solutions, as well as the K-shifted dn- and sn-function
solutions. At the degeneration, the hyperbolic-function solutions may
exhibit an exponential growth behavior at one infinity, or show the
gray- and bright-soliton profiles.
Impact of Locus of Care on Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults with Osteogenic sarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma treated at Pediatric versus Adult Cancer Centers: An IMPACT Cohort Study
Authors: Mortazavi Mohammadreza , Baxter Nancy , Gupta Sumit , Gupta Abha , Lau Cindy , Nagamuthu Chenthila , Nathan Paul
Published: September 2021

Abstract Background: Location of cancer care (LOC: pediatric versus
adult center) impacts outcomes in adolescents and young adults (AYA)
with some cancer types. Data on impact of LOC on survival in AYA with
osteogenic sarcoma (OGS) and Ewing sarcoma (EWS) are limited.
Objectives: To compare differences in demographics, disease/treatment
characteristics, and survival in a population-based cohort of AYA with
OGS or EWS treated at pediatric versus adult centers Methods: The IMPACT
Cohort captured demographic, disease, and treatment data for all AYA
(15-21 years old) diagnosed with OGS and EWS in Ontario, Canada between
1992-2012. Patients were linked to provincial administrative healthcare
databases. Outcomes were compared between patients treated in pediatric
versus adult centers using appropriate statistical methods. Results: 137
AYA were diagnosed with OGS (LOC: 47 pediatric, 90 adult) and 84 with
EWS (LOC: 38 pediatric, 46 adult). AYA treated at pediatric centers were
more likely to be enrolled in a clinical trial (OGS 55% vs 1%,
[p<0.001]; EWS 53% vs 2%, [p<0.001]) and
received higher cumulative chemotherapy doses. Five-year event-free
survival (EFS ± Standard Error) in OGS and EWS were 47% ± 4 and 43% ±
5, respectively. In multivariable analysis, the impact of LOC (pediatric
vs adult center) on EFS in OGS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.15,
95% CI 0.58-2.27, P=0.69) and EWS (adjusted HR 1.82, 95% CI 0.97-3.43,
P=0.06) were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Outcomes did not
differ by LOC suggesting that AYA with bone tumors can be treated at
either pediatric or adult centers.
Investigating Obesity-related Factors for Childhood Asthma
Authors: Chen Yang-Ching , Su Ming-Wei , Brumpton Ben , Lee Yungling
Published: September 2021

Background: We tested the hypothesis that multiple obesity-related risk
factors (obesity, physical activity, cardiopulmonary physical fitness,
sleep-disorder breathing (SDB), and sleep quality) are associated with
childhood asthma using a Mendelian randomization (MR) design.
Furthermore, we aim to investigate whether these risk factors were
associated with incident asthma prospectively. Methods: In total, 7069
children aged 12 from the Taiwan Children Health Study were enrolled in
the current study. Cross-sectional logistic regression, one-sample MR,
summary-level MR sensitivity analyses, and prospective survival analyses
were used to investigate each causal pathway. Results: In MR analysis,
three of the five risk factors (obesity, SDB, and sleep quality) were
associated with asthma, with the highest effect sizes per interquartile
range (IQR) increase observed for sleep quality (odds ratio [OR]
=1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06 to 1.92) and the lowest
for obesity (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00–1.16). In the prospective
survival analysis, obesity showed the highest risk of incident asthma
per IQR increase (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.56),
followed by SDB (HR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.29) and sleep quality (HR
= 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.17). Conclusion: The most plausible risk
factors for asthma were obesity, SDB, and poor sleep quality. For the
prevention of childhood asthma, relevant stakeholders should prioritize
improving children’s sleep quality and preventing obesity comorbidities
such as SDB.
Evaluating spatial changes of human disturbances and their effects on rivers' environmental quality on The Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Ji Li , Yuan Li , Mi Wujuan , Xie Shulian , Bi Yonghong
Published: September 2021

Global economic development and population increase public concerns
about the sustainable use of water resources. As one of the main drivers
of landscape change, human disturbance is altering rivers’ hydrochemical
indices and trophic states. Studying the relationship between human
disturbances and river’ status is of significance for regional water
conservation and ecosystem safety. In this study, we created a
quantitative model to explore the correlation between human disturbance
and rivers’ status using remote sensing data, measured hydrochemical
indices, and the concept of hemeroby index (HI). The results indicated
that the river’s status including hydrochemical indices and trophic
states both had a significant negative correlation with HI
(p<0.05). The river’s status in regions was relatively
sensitive to the changes of completely disturbed land-use types, such as
urban and industrial land. This paper provides additional spatial
information and evidence for the relationship between anthropogenic
activities and the river environment. The findings may be helpful for
policymakers to make strategic decisions of water resources management
and land-use planning in an arid area of China.
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of One Dimensional Sandwich Transition Metal-Anthracene Molecular Wires
Authors: Yang Guang , Zhang Huiyang , Yang Yijun , Wang Yudi , Xv Xinzi , Zhao Xinli , Meng Lijuan , Yao Xiaojing , Zhang Xiuyun , Liu Yongjun
Published: September 2021

Organometallic sandwich complexes have been attracting tremendous
interest for their potential applications in electronics and
spintronics. Here, we systematically studied the structures, electronic
and magnetic properties of one dimensional (1D) transition metal
(TM)-anthracene (Ant) sandwich molecular wires (SMWs), [TM2Ant]∞ and
[TM3Ant]∞ (TM=Ti, V, Cr, Mn), based on density functional theory
calculations. Our results showed that all the 1D SMWs display normal
sandwich configurations with their binding energies closely related to
the choice of TM atoms. Excepting 1D [Mn2Ant]∞ and [Fe3Ant]∞
favoring antiferromagnetic ordering, most 1D [TM2Ant]∞ and
[TM3Ant]∞ SMWs display robust ferromagnetic feathers. Particularly,
1D [Cr3Ant]∞ SMW is revealed to be ferromagnetic half-metal with
large magnetic moment of 28.0µB per unit cell. Further spintransport
calculations double proved that 1D [Cr3Ant]∞ SMW are good
spintransport molecular devices. Our findings shed light on the
properties of 1D Ant based SMWs and propose a new way to design
potential electronic and spintronic devices.
Genome sequencing demonstrates high diagnostic yield in children with undiagnosed global developmental delay/intellectual disability: a prospective study
Authors: Sun Yu , Peng Jing , Liang Desheng , Ye Xiantao , Xu Na , Chen Linlin , Yan Dan , Zhang Huiwen , Xiao Bing , Qiu Wenjuan , shen yiping , Pang Nan , Liu Yingdi , Liang Chen , Qin Zailong , Luo Jingsi , Chen Fei , Wang Jing-Min , Zhang Zhixin , Wei Haiyan , Du Juan , Yan Huifang , Duan Ruoyu , Wang Junyu , Zhang Yu , Liao Shixiu , Sun Kun , Wu Lingqian , Yu Yongguo
Published: September 2021

Genome sequencing(GS) has been applied in the diagnosis of global
developmental delay(GDD)/intellectual disability(ID). However, the
performance in those with inconclusive results from chromosomal
microarray analysis(CMA) and exome sequencing(ES) is unknown. We
recruited 100 pediatric GDD/ID patients from multiple sites in China
from February 2018 to August 2020 for GS. Patients have received at
least one genomic diagnostic test prior to enrollment. Reanalysis of
CMA/ES data was performed. The yield of GS was calculated and
explanations for missed diagnoses by CMA/ES were investigated. Clinical
utility was assessed by interviewing the parents by phone. The overall
diagnostic yield of GS was 23%. Seven families could have been solved
with reanalysis of ES data. 13 families were missed by previous CMA/ES
due to improper method. Three remained unsolved after ES reanalysis due
to allele dropout, complex variants missed by ES, and a CNV in
untranslated regions. Follow-up of the diagnosed families revealed that
nine families experienced changes in clinical management, including
identification of targeted treatments, cessation of unnecessary
treatment, and considerations for family planning. GS demonstrated high
diagnostic yield and clinical utility in this cohort of undiagnosed
GDD/ID patients, detecting a wide range of variant types of different
sizes in a single workflow.
Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation Regulated by LjRbohD Modulates Nodulation of Lotus japonicus Under Blue Light
Authors: Liao Jinqiu , Liu Li , Liu Xiaoyan , Shang Yukun , Yuan Ming , Ding Chunbang , Jiang Yuanyuan , Wang Long , Yang Ruiwu , Zhou Yonghong , Zhang Li
Published: September 2021

Abstract In many legumes, roots that are exposed to blue light do not
form nodules, and blue light induces the biosynthesis of hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2). The mechanism of blue light restraining nodulation is
poorly understood. Whether H2O2 induced by blue light inhibits
nodulation needs to be further studied. In this work, blue light could
promote the production of H2O2, activate the expression of LjRbohD and
LjRbohE, while inhibit the expression of LjRbohB. After applying
exogenous H2O2 and diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), the results show
H2O2 induced by blue light represses the nodulation of MG20. The
accumulated H2O2 may be generated by LjRbohD, which supported by Q-PCR.
Cryptochrome 1A, a blue light photoreceptor, is high expression under
blue light. However, there seems to be no direct relationship between
LjRbohD and LjCry1A. On the contrary, LjRbohB, a positive governor in
the regulation of nitrogen fixation activity in L. japonicus, may be
negatively regulated by LjCry1A according to the hairy roots
transformation results. Therefore, the mechanisms of regulating the
nodulation in L. japonicus by LjRbohB and LjRbohD are quite different
under blue light. Keywords: Louts japonicus, accumulated H2O2, blue
light, nodulation, LjRbohs.
Ameliorative Effects and Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential of Organic and In-Organic Amendments in Salt-Affected Soils in A Semi-Arid Region of Asia
Authors: Farooqi Zia Ur Rahman , Sabir Mohd , Ahmad Hamaad Raza , Arfan Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Soil salinity is a big concern and main factor which limit crop
productivity. Salt-affected soils can be reclaimed and used for crop
production as well as atmospheric carbon sink. In this study, gypsum
(G), organic amendments and their combinations were used to remediate
marginally salt-affected soils and increasing carbon stocks in three
areas (Dijkot, Uchkera and Jhang). Gypsum along with farmyard manure
(FYM), poultry manure (PM) and green manure (GM) were used in this
study. Except control, treatment 1 received 100% soil gypsum
requirement (SGR), all other 3 treatments received 50% SGR and equal
amounts of FYM, PM and GM, respectively. A 45 day’s incubation study
comprising 0-, 15-, 30- and 45-days intervals resulted that 45 days
interval was more effective in remediation than others. All the
amendments effectively reclaimed the salt-affected soils and increased
soil carbon stocks by increasing carbon sequestration rate through
reduction in soil pH (up to 19%), electrical conductivity (EC) (up to
28%) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) (up to 71.55%). While cation
exchange capacity (CEC) (up to 39%), soil organic matter (SOM) (up to
65%), and total nitrogen (TN) (up to 96%) was increased. SOM increase
and carbon sequestration was best seen (62%- or 12.59-tons ha-1) in
50% G and FYM application as compared to control (4.45-ton ha-1) in
S-1. Results obtained helps in concluding that G and its combinations
with organic amendments can effectively reduce the salt concentration in
salt-affected soils and helps in organic matter build-up to support crop
production and carbon sequestration.
Investigation of oxidation and sensory properties of different forms of fish oil supplements during consumer use
Authors: Yenipazar Hande , Yesilcubuk Nese Sahin
Published: September 2021

Omega-3 fatty acid consumption is getting more and more common due to
their positive impacts on human health. Since consumers cannot get their
omega-3 needs from natural sources, omega-3 supplements play an
essential part of the diet. Omega-3 fatty acids are highly susceptible
to oxidation; thus, storage conditions affect the quality of these fatty
acids. Supplement form is also another factor, which is critical for
stability. In this project, it is aimed to compare the effects of
different forms (capsule, chewable nd syrup) and packaging types of fish
oil supplements on fatty acid composition, oxidative stability and
sensory properties when stored at room temperature and in dark
conditions. Moreover, the effect of consumer behavior regarding the
recommended usage after the bottles are opened were assesed during
storage study. It was observed that, syrup forms are more susceptible to
oxidation than capsule and chewable forms. Moreover, capsule forms
complied more with limit values during storage and better protected
according to the sensory evaluation scores. Fish oil samples belonging
to the same company but provided from different stores showed
significant differences in some of the sensory attributes which is an
indicator of non-standard raw material, ingredient or processing.
Movement ecology of jaguars and predator-prey interactions.
Authors: González Carlos Cruz , Medellin Daniela , Urios Vicente , Zarza Heliot , Ceballos Gerardo
Published: September 2021

Jaguars (Panthera onca) are the largest felids in America, mainly
threatened by habitat and prey density loss and hunting. Jaguars are
mainly nocturnal predators that need large portions of suitable habitat
with abundant prey populations. The aim of this work was to assess both
jaguar and prey activity patterns, their relations and to understand if
the presence/absence of prey and their activity patterns might determine
the movements of jaguars in a spatio-temporal frame. We used data from
camera trapping records of 125 jaguar events of presence from 9,360
camera trap days effort and data from five jaguars with GPS collars, to
analyze: 1) Activity patterns; 2) Speed movement; 3) Traveled distances
and 4) Co-occurrence for jaguars and preys. Differences between sexes
and between seasons were also evaluated. A total of 12,566 segments of
movement were recorded. Two activity peaks were identified between
07:00-08:00 and 22:00-23:00 hours. Average traveled distance was 265.66
m/h (± 390.98 m/h). The maximum hourly distance was 2,760.25 m/h; with
significant differences considering the hour of day (χ2 = 324.51, df 11,
p < 0.001), with higher mean values between 00:00 and 08:00 h.
The average distance covered by males was higher than females
(Z –24.827, p < 0.001): 341.64 ± 440.03 m/h and 146.31 ±
259.04 m/h respectively. Significant differences considering seasons
were found (Z = –16.442, p < 0.001): average distance during
the dry season was 230.35 ± 365.87 m/h and was higher during the rainy
season: 337.082 ± 430.45 m/h. Differences according to season were also
consistent considering males and females separately (males: Z = –6.212,
p < 0.001; females: Z = –15.801, p < 0.001).
Occupation model analysis revealed that two of the five pairs of species
(P. onca and P. tajacu and P. onca and C. paca) occur with more
frequency than if they were independent, while in terms of co-detection,
P. onca and P. tajacu and P. onca and C. paca showed independence
Changes to the gastrointestinal microbiota in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A literature review
Authors: Zakrzewska Zuzanna , Skoczen Szymon , Czogała Małgorzata , Czogała Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The human microbiota, which consists of trillions of microorganisms,
impacts the host’s health and treatment of potential diseases. The role
of the microbiota in the development and treatment of childhood leukemia
is still not clear. This study reviews the current scientific
understanding of the changes in gut microbiota composition during
chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children and
assesses its impact on the treatment process. The findings show
alterations in gut microbiota are obvious at the time of diagnosis of
ALL. During intensive chemotherapy, dysbiosis persists, and after
treatment, the microbiota restores its diversity. However, there are
significant gaps in understanding the impact of gut microbiota on the
severity of treatment complications and overall survival rate.
Interstitial lung disease in an adolescent child associated with a novel STAT5B mutation-a case report
Authors: Gupta Samriti , Mandal Anita , Jat Kana , Kabra Sushil
Published: September 2021

STAT5B protein is an important component of signalling pathway for
growth hormone and IL-2 mediated responses. Mutation in STAT5B gene has
been reported to be associated with growth hormone insensitivity,
immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. Chronic pulmonary involvement is also
one component of the disorder. We describe a case an adolescent girl who
suffered with poor growth and loose stools since 1 year of age and was
subsequently diagnosed with celiac disease and hypothyroidism. She
developed features of interstitial lung disease (ILD) which were
progressively worsening. Common causes of ILD were ruled out on
investigations. She underwent whole exome sequencing and found to be
positive for a novel mutation in STAT5B gene on exon 16. On further
evaluation, she had growth hormone insensitivity and CD8 cell
deficiency. This case highlights that in a child with chronic pulmonary
involvement with features suggestive of growth hormone insensitivity,
immunodeficiency and autoimmunity, evaluation for STAT5B mutation should
be thought of.
Hydrogeological explanation of seepage diseases in stone grottoes: a case study of Maijishan Grottoes, China
Authors: Zhang Huyuan , Yu Rongguang , Sun Bo , Yang Shenqing , Ding Zhinan , Zhu Jianghong , Li Yan , Yue Yongqiang
Published: September 2021

This research studied the seepage diseases (water discharge and salt
precipitation) in Maijishan Grottoes from the perspective of
hydrogeology. Maijishan Grottoes is one of the extent large group of
grottoes in China, where its cliff, on mount Maiji, the carrier of the
grottoes, has been reinforced by concrete cover in a large area. As a
case study, the physical and chemical processes of the seepage are
deduced through the relationships between the flow rate of discharge
water (DW) and precipitation, and through the water chemistry diversity
including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and Ionic composition
between DW and rainwater (RW) and a controlled spring water (SW).
Constructive results are obtained. Firstly, a perched aquifer is
confirmed in the mount. All the RW will gather at the aquifer, and then
discharge through 3 independent routes that connect the aquifer and
grotto site. 3 kinds of water discharge response to precipitation are
defined to correspond to the 3 routs: Immediate Response (I.Resp), Delay
Response (D.Resp), and Stealth Response (S.Resp), these responses make
up the majority of the DW. On the other hand, 2-staged chemical
evolution is also been confirmed during the seepage, where stage I took
place in the aquifer and stage II took place at shallow, the concrete
only participate in the chemical evolution at stage II, resulted in high
pH [7.77, 11.69] and EC [513, 3540] (µS/cm) in DW compared to
the SW and RW.
Adatom defect induced spin polarization of asymmetric structures
Authors: Wang Jia , Liu Xuhui , Wang Chunxu , Zhang Wanyi , Qin Zhengkun
Published: September 2021

The spin polarization of carbon nanomaterials is crucial to design
spintronic devices. In this paper, the first-principles is used to study
the electronic properties of two defect asymmetric structures, Cap-(9,
0)-Def [6, 6] and Cap-(9, 0)-Def [5, 6]. We found that the
ground state of Cap-(9, 0)-Def [6, 6] is sextet and the ground state
of Cap-(9, 0)-Def [5, 6] is quartet, and the former has a lower
energy. In addition, compared with Cap-(9, 0) CNTs, the C adatoms on C30
causes spin polarization phenomenon and Cap- (9, 0)-Def [6, 6] has
more spin electrons than Cap-(9, 0)-Def [5, 6] structure. Moreover,
different adsorb defects reveal different electron accumulation. This
finding shows that spin polarization of the asymmetric structure can be
adjusted by introducing adatom defects.
New insight into the trophic position and ecological role of the European hake (Merluccius merluccius L., 1758) in Central and Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: D'Iglio Claudio , Porcino Nunziatina , Profeta Adriana , Perdichizzi Anna , Milicante Enrico Armeli , Salvati Davide , Soraci Francesco , Rinelli Paola , Giordano Daniela
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to investigate the ecological role of Merlucicius
merluccius, Linnaeus, 1758, in the southern and central Tyrrhenian Sea
(GSA 10, Resolution GFCM/33/2009/2 General Fisheries Commission for the
Mediterranean), analysing ontogenetic diet shift, geographical
variations on prey composition and feeding habits. A sample of 734 hake
specimens between 6 cm and 73 cm of total length (TL) were collected in
2018. To value the ontogenetic shifts in prey composition, five
size-classes were created from the sample and for each class were
calculated quantitative feeding indices. The cluster and MDS analysis,
based on the % IRI, resulted in three trophic groups of hake size
classes. The most abundant preys for small hake (size class I) were the
Euphausiids, Stylocheiron longicorne and Mysidacea, while for hake with
size over 10.5 cm of TL were crustaceans and fish. Engraulis
encrasicolus was the most abundant prey fish for hake, followed by Boops
boops and Myctophids. The mesopelagic fauna had a relevant role in the
European hake diet in the southern zone. The high presence of
Euphausiids, Mysids, Myctophidae and Sternoptychidae in the gut content
of juvenile hakes (6-23 cm) showed the importance of organic matter and
energy flowed from the mesopelagic environment to the epipelagic.
Important is also the presence of decapod crustaceans in hake with size
over 36 cm TL considering that our study area includes an important Gulf
for the fishing of decapod crustacea.
NDSP-12: Atherogenic index of plasma as a useful marker of cardiovascular disease risk among Pakistani individuals; a study from the second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017
Authors: Fawwad Asher , Mahmood Yasir , Askari Saima , Butt Anum , Basit Abdul , Members NDSP
Published: September 2021

Aim To assess the correlation between atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)
and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methodology This is a sub
study of the second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP)
2016–2017, an epidemiological survey including people of >
20 years of age and both genders in all four provinces of Pakistan. Out
of 213 clusters, twenty-seven clusters were selected from all over the
Pakistan. Households were identified and selected members of every 10th
household were counseled to come to the campsite after observing an
overnight fast. Standardized techniques were used for measuring height,
weight, BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Standard methods
were used for analyzing biochemical parameters including oral glucose
tolerance test, lipid profile and various lipid derived parameter/ratios
were calculated. The AIP was calculated by using formula log10 (TG/HDL)
for all survey participants. Statistical analyses were conducted by
using statistical package for social sciences, version 20. Results A
total of 7351 people (2877 males and 4201females) were selected for this
sub-analysis after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Overall AIP score
was calculated as 0.74±0.31 and according to the AIP risk
categorization, the majority 6996 (95.2%) fell in the high-risk
category of developing CVD, whereas 258(3.5%) were in moderate and only
97(1.3%) people were found in low-risk category. Multiple logistic
regression analyses showed male gender and diabetes as risk factor for
developing CVD based on AIP score. Furthermore, various lipid derived
parameters LDL-C and HDL-C, TG and HDL-C, lipoprotein combined index
(LCI) were shown strong correlation with AIP. Conclusion The significant
association between AIP and CVD risk factors exists and high levels of
AIP in Pakistani population may be an alarming sign in developing
cardiovascular disease.
Evaluating the steady-state of twin tunnels of Pirtaghi dam power plant under earthquake loadings
Authors: Zavareh Saeed Jamali , Tayarani Narges Saadat
Published: September 2021

The design of structures for a long time use represents a big challenge
in the rock mechanics and tunneling works. The water supply of the
Pirtaghi Dam reservoir-pumping power plant in Iran is provided by the
twin tunnels. Since the Pirtaghi dam site is located in an
earthquake-prone area, it will probably experience earthquakes in its
lifetime. So, in this project, the steady-state of the support system of
the twin tunnels of the water supply of the Pirtaghi power plant under
likely earthquake and static loading is evaluated by a 3D numerical
modeling. The results show that the system is capable to guarantee
stability against seismic loads.
The structure and function of the rhizosphere microbial communities of Carex praeclara and Leymus secalinus in a Zoige alpine grassland
Authors: Jian TingKun , Xia Yue , He Ruipeng , zhang Jie
Published: September 2021

Rhizosphere microorganisms are thought to play a crucial role in the
promotion of plant growth and health. Carex praeclara and
Leymus secalinus are dominant plant species that have colonized
the desertification land of Alpine wetland grasslands in Zoige. There is
a lack of comprehensive research on their rhizosphere microbes. In this
study, we used deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing to analyze the
microbial community and functional composition of the rhizosphere and
corresponding non-rhizosphere soils of C. praeclara and L.
secalinus. The microbial diversity and structure exhibited a remarkable
difference among the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere samples, and the
predominant taxa included Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria
and Chloroflexi in all the samples. Genes that were over-represented
include those involved in the acquisition of nutrients, stress
responses, transposable elements and plant growth promotion suggest that
the interactions between microbe-plant and microbe-microbe are more
intense in the rhizosphere soil. The relative abundances of pivotal
genes that participate in microbial nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)
transformation were higher in the rhizosphere soil than in the
non-rhizosphere soil, indicating the enhancement of potential soil N-
and P-cycling in the plant rhizosphere. Our findings provide valuable
information on the structure and function of the microbial communities
of the C. praeclara and L. secalinus rhizospheres and lay
a foundation for the further use of C. praeclara and L.
secalinus to increase vegetation coverage, improve soil properties and
restore the ecological function of degraded alpine sandy land.
MASSIVE MURAL AORTIC ARCH THROMBUS.
Authors: Albarrán Ali Ayaon , Rio Jose Ignacio Juarez Del , Sanz María Mercedes Campos , Alcalá Cristina Rodríguez
Published: September 2021

Mural aortic thrombus is a rare pathology that is more frequently seen
in severe atherosclerotic aortic walls, in aneurysms and acute aortic
syndrome(1). However this can be found in patients without aortic
disease, and be responsible for systemic or cerebral emboli. A
54-year-old male was admitted to our institution for syncope and
aphasia, he was found in the street with ethylic intoxication. After
neurological examination mixed type aphasia was observed, cerebral and
supra aortic arteries CT angiography were performed. Cerebral CT showed
focal filling defect of left middle cerebral artery. Supra aortic
arteries CT angiography was completed with toracoabdominal CT because
massive ascending and arch thrombus was found. The thrombus measured 130
x 33 x 15 mm (Figures 1A and 1B and 1C), and covered from mid ascending
aorta to 40 mm distal to the ostium of left subclavian artery. The
patient was referred to our unit for urgent surgical treatment. Surgery
was performed throw median sterntomy, cardiopulmonary bypass with
moderate hypothermic arrest and anterograde cerebral perfusion via right
axillary artery. Longitudinal aortotomy was made and 140 x 30 x 15 mm
thrombus (Figure 2), attached to posterior mid ascending aorta, was
found and resected, the aortic wall did not show any abnormality. The
patient had an eventful recovery and was discharged 9 days later with
oral anticoagulation and aspirin.
ROHMM -- A Flexible Hidden Markov Model Framework To Detect Runs of Homozygosity From Genotyping Data
Authors: Çelik Gökalp , TUNCALI TIMUR
Published: September 2021

Runs of long homozygous stretches (ROH) are considered to be the result
of consanguinity and usually contain recessive deleterious disease
causing mutations (Szpiech et al., 2013). Several algorithms have been
developed to detect ROHs. Here, we developed a simple, alternative
strategy by examining X chromosome non-pseudoautosomal region to detect
the ROHs from next generation sequencing data utilizing the genotype
probabilities and the Hidden Markov Model algorithm as a tool, namely
ROHMM. It is implemented purely in java and contains both command-line
and a graphical user interface. We tested ROHMM on simulated data as
well as real population data from 1000G Project and a clinical sample.
Our results have shown that ROHMM can perform robustly producing highly
accurate homozygosity estimations under all conditions thereby meeting
and even exceeding the performance of its natural competitors.