bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response of simulated burned area to historical changes in environmental and anthropogenic factors: a comparison of seven fire models
Authors: Teckentrup Lina , Harrison Sandy P. , Hantson Stijn , Heil Angelika , Melton Joe R. , Forrest Matthew , Li Fang , Yue Chao , Arneth Almut , Hickler Thomas , Sitch Stephen , Lasslop Gitta
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Understanding how fire regimes change over time is of major importance for understanding their future impact on the Earth system, including society.
Large differences in simulated burned area between fire models show that there is substantial uncertainty associated with modelling global change impacts on fire regimes. We draw here on sensitivity simulations made by seven global dynamic vegetation models participating in the Fire Model Intercomparison Project (FireMIP) to understand how differences in models translate into differences in fire regime projections. The sensitivity experiments isolate the impact of the individual drivers on simulated burned area, which are prescribed in the simulations. Specifically these drivers are atmospheric CO2 concentration, population density, land-use change, lightning and climate. The seven models capture spatial patterns in burned area. However, they show considerable differences in the burned area trends since 1921.
We analyse the trajectories of differences between the sensitivity and reference simulation to improve our understanding of what drives the global trends in burned area. Where it is possible, we link the inter-model differences to model assumptions. Overall, these analyses reveal that the largest uncertainties in simulating global historical burned area are related to the representation of anthropogenic ignitions and suppression and effects of land use on vegetation and fire. In line with previous studies this highlights the need to improve our understanding and model representation of the relationship between human activities and fire to improve our abilities to model fire within Earth system model applications. Only two models show a strong response to atmospheric CO2 concentration. The effects of changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration on fire are complex and quantitative information of how fuel loads and how flammability changes due to this factor is missing. The response to lightning on global scale is low. The response of burned area to climate is spatially heterogeneous and has a strong inter-annual variation. Climate is therefore likely more important than the other factors for short-term variations and extremes in burned area. This study provides a basis to understand the uncertainties in global fire modelling. Both improvements in process understanding and observational constraints reduce uncertainties in modelling burned area trends.
Earth system data cubes unravel global multivariate dynamics
Authors: Mahecha Miguel D. , Gans Fabian , Brandt Gunnar , Christiansen Rune , Cornell Sarah E. , Fomferra Normann , Kraemer Guido , Peters Jonas , Bodesheim Paul , Camps-Valls Gustau , Donges Jonathan F. , Dorigo Wouter , Estupiñan-Suarez Lina , Gutierrez-Velez Victor H. , Gutwin Martin , Jung Martin , Londoño Maria C. , Miralles Diego G. , Papastefanou Phillip , Reichstein Markus
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Understanding Earth system dynamics in the light of ongoing human intervention and dependency remains a major scientific challenge. The unprecedented availability of data streams describing different facets of the Earth now offers fundamentally new avenues to address this quest. However, several practical hurdles, especially the lack of data interoperability, limit the joint potential of these data streams. Today many initiatives within and beyond the Earth system sciences are exploring new approaches to overcome these hurdles and meet the growing inter-disciplinary need for data-intensive research; using data cubes is one promising avenue. Here, we introduce the concept of Earth system data cubes and how to operate on them in a formal way. The idea is that treating multiple data dimensions, such as spatial, temporal, variable, frequency and other grids alike, allows effective application of user-defined functions to co-interpret Earth observations and/or model-data. An implementation of this concept combines analysis-ready data cubes with a suitable analytic interface. In three case studies we demonstrate how the concept and its implementation facilitate the execution of complex workflows for research across multiple variables, spatial and temporal scales: (1) summary statistics for ecosystem and climate dynamics; (2) intrinsic dimensionality analysis on multiple time-scales; and (3) data-model integration. We discuss the emerging perspectives for investigating global interacting and coupled phenomena in observed or simulated data. Latest developments in machine learning, causal inference, and model data integration can be seamlessly implemented in the proposed framework, supporting rapid progress in data-intensive research across disciplinary boundaries.
Validation of SMAP L2 passive-only soil moisture products using in
situ measurements collected in Twente, The Netherlands
Authors: van der Velde Rogier , Colliander Andreas , Pezij Michiel , Benninga Harm-Jan F. , Bindlish Rajat , Chan Steven K. , Jackson Thomas J. , Hendriks Dimmie M. D. , Augustijn Denie C. M. , Su Zhongbo
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Twente region in the east of the Netherlands has a network with twenty soil monitoring stations that has been utilized for validation of the Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) passive-only soil moisture products. Over the period from April 2015 until December 2018, seven stations covered by the SMAP reference pixels have fairly complete data records. Spatially distributed soil moisture simulations with the Dutch national hydrological model have been utilized for the development of upscaling functions to translate the spatial mean of point measurements to the domain of the SMAP reference pixels. The native and upscaled spatial soil moisture means have been adopted as in situ references to assess the performance of the SMAP i) Single Channel Algorithm at Horizontal Polarization (SCA-H), ii) Single Channel Algorithm at Vertical Polarization (SCA-V), and iii) Dual Channel Algorithm (DCA) soil moisture estimates. In the case of the Twente network it was found that the SCA-V soil moisture retrieved SMAP observations collected in the afternoon had the best agreement with the in situ references leading to an unbiased Root Mean Squared Error (uRMSE) of 0.059 m3 m−3. This is larger than the mission target accuracy of 0.04 m3 m−3, which can be attributed to large over- and underestimation errors (> 0.08 m3 m−3) in particular at the end of dry spells and during freezing, respectively. The strong vertical dielectric gradients associated with rapid soil freezing and wetting causes the disparity in soil depth characterized by SMAP and in situ that leads to the large mismatches. Once filtered for frozen conditions and antecedent rainfall the uRMSE improves to 0.043 m3 m−3.
Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation
Authors: Ma Yu , Ni Guangheng , Chandra Chandrasekar V. , Tian Fuqiang , Chen Haonan
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Raindrop size distribution (DSD) information is fundamental in understanding the precipitation microphysics and quantitative precipitation estimation, especially in complex terrain or urban environments which are known for complicated rainfall mechanism and high spatial and temporal variability. In this study, the DSD characteristics of rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area are extensively investigated using 5-year DSD observations from a Parsivel2 disdrometer located at Tsinghua University. The results show that the DSD samples with rain rate < 1 mm h−1 account for more than half of total observations. The mean values of the normalized intercept parameter (log 10Nw) and the mass-weighted mean diameter (Dm) of convective rain are higher than that of stratiform rain, and there is a clear boundary between the two types of rain in terms of the scattergram of log 10Nw versus Dm. The convective rain in Beijing is neither continental nor maritime, owing to the particular location and local topography. As the rainfall intensity increases, the DSD spectra become higher and wider, but they still have peaks around diameter D∼0.5 mm. The midsize drops contribute most towards accumulated rainwater. The Dm and log 10Nw values exhibit a diurnal cycle and an annual cycle. In addition, at the stage characterized by an abrupt rise of urban heat island (UHI) intensity as well as the stage of strong UHI intensity during the day, DSD shows higher Dm values and lower log 10Nw values. The localized radar reflectivity (Z) and rain rate (R) relations (Z=aRb) show substantial differences compared to the commonly used NEXRAD relationships, and the polarimetric radar algorithms R(Kdp), R(Kdp, ZDR), and R(ZH, ZDR) show greater potential for rainfall estimation.
“Our people are feeling there’s no hope for the future”: Indigenous teenagers and youth culture as a coping strategy in the archive of the Sioux Lookout Zone Hospital, 1969-1996
Authors: De Pencier North , Dhawan Drishti , McKinley Gerald
Published: October 2019

Introduction: To analyze the use of youth culture as a coping mechanism by youth in the Sioux Lookout Zone from 1969 to 1996.

Method: This project employs an archival research method to study the records of the Sioux Lookout Zone Hospital, located at the University of Toronto. The hospital was operated by the federal government for Status Indians. From 1969 to 1996, the hospital’s medical service was provided by the University of Toronto.

Discussion: The period of 1969 to 1996 was a challenging time for teenagers in the Sioux Lookout Zone. They had poor job prospects and often struggled with the loneliness of attending high school in southern communities. They turned to youth culture as a coping mechanism, sometimes in healthier ways such as rock music and fashion, but also in less healthy ways such as substance use and gang membership.

Conclusion: This project serves as a case study of the challenges that faced youth in the Sioux Lookout Zone in order to contribute to our understanding of the historical antecedents of the poor health outcomes of youth in the Sioux Lookout Zone today.
Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and offspring temperament at 3 months
Authors: Mehta Taylor , Krzeczkowski John E , Van Lieshout Ryan
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Pre-pregnancy obesity has been linked to emotional and behavioural problems in offspring, though it remains unclear when the presence of these difficulties first emerges.

Method: We examined the association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and temperament at 3 months of age in the offspring of 16 women residing in Hamilton, Ontario. Infant temperament was measured using the Infant Behaviour Questionnaire Revised, which specifically examined surgency/extraversion, negative affectivity, and orienting/regulation.

Results: A statistically significant association was observed between maternal BMI and infant negative affectivity (B=0.05, 95% CI=0.01-0.08), which remained significant after adjusting for confounding variables (B=0.04, 95% CI=0.01-0.08).

Conclusion: The current study provides evidence that fetal exposure to high maternal BMI during pregnancy is associated with increased negative affectivity in infants at 3 months of age. The results suggest that the intrauterine environment associated with high maternal BMI may influence temperament at a very early stage in development.
Household food waste behaviour: subjective and objective evidence
Authors: Hazuchová Naďa , Tuzová Marcela , Macková Michaela , Stávková Jana
Published: October 2019

This paper is concerned with the issue of quantifying food waste as a basic assumption for an effective measure to achieve the lowering of its volume. From literary sources one can see great differences in the amounts recorded, caused, among other reasons, by the unclear methods of monitoring and the unclear terms used for description of the term food waste. From questionnaire research carried out on the opinions and causes of waste among 1582 respondents it was found that it is regarded as a significant problem by society but the everyday behaviour of the individual does not correspond to this. Changes in the behaviour of the individual occur during their realisation of this waste issue, for instance by means of objective research into wasted food (through the weighing of the individual types of food thrown out). The average value of wasted food reached approximately a quarter of the amount given for EU and corresponds to the amount reported in Finland.
The Call for Higher Education to Develop Diversity Competencies with the Goal of Preparing Business Students for the Global Marketplace
Authors: Helm-Stevens Roxanne , Hunt Linda
Published: October 2019

Institutions of high education must respond to the urgent need that exists for organizations operating in the global marketplace to hire and retain professionals prepared to think critically about multifaceted diversity issues in the workplace. Where do organizations find managers and supervisors equipped to handle the mulifaceted issues of diversity facing global firms? Unfortunately, it seems that they cannot rely on business schools. How can business schools assist future executives and managers to develop diversity competencies necessary to compete in the global marketplace? This paper will explore diversity from an organizational and educational context, looking at the concept of diversity and exploring the value of teaching a diversity curriculum. KEY WORDS Diversity competencies, organic diversity, global marketplace, global organizations
THE BEST ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICE FOR AIRLINE AND AIRPORT BUSINESS
Authors: KUCUK YILMAZ AYSE
Published: October 2019

THE BEST ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICE FOR AIRLINE AND AIRPORT BUSINESS
The Effect of Social Justice Advocacy and Ethical Sensitivity on the Social Entrepreneurial Intention of High School Students
Authors: Kim Joseph , Park Byeonghwa
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of ethical sensitivity and social justice advocacy on social entrepreneurial intention, and also, examined the impact of empathic concern and perspective taking on social justice advocacy and ethical sensitivity respectively. Another objective is to assess these relationships using the high school student population. This study collected the data from 201 high school students in the east coast area in the U.S. The students were randomly selected and invited to the survey. Path analysis was used to test the suggested hypotheses. The results indicated that high school students with a high level of social justice advocacy and ethical sensitivity showed stronger social entrepreneurial intention. Also, empathic concern was significantly related to social justice advocacy, while perspective taking was associated considerably with ethical sensitivity. Our study finds that ethical sensitivity and social justice advocacy will foster SE intention among high school students. Unlike adult groups, high schools students are under development of their ethical system and the value and attitude toward social issues. Education or training can play a critical role in high school students' ethical system or attitudes toward social justice. There should be more emphasis on ethics and social justice in the curriculum of high schools.
Positieve bestuurskunde
Authors: Douglas Scott , Steen Trui , van der Wal Zeger
Published: October 2019

Positive Public Administration: Towards a robust, positive perspective on government

Citizens and scholars excel in identifying and analysing government failure. It is important indeed to understand public sector, but while governments in the Low Countries are doing well on average and very well from an internationally perspective, most attention is focused on the errors and mishaps. This article argues for a robust positive perspective on the public sector as a complement to existing research. From a scientific perspective, public administration must set itself the ambition to connect and aggregate existing positive insights even better. From a social perspective, the discipline must prevent the gap from being filled by a wholesale rejection of democratic government or the use of unproven miracle cures. This article elaborates the starting points for Positive Public Administration, arguing that this perspective should be comprehensive, context related, inter-subjective, learning-oriented, and robustly scientific in nature. The article also introduces the other contributions in this special issue, which together give an initial interpretation of positive public administration.
Der Untergang des Habsburgerreiches aus der Perspektive einer modernen Familiengeschichte (am Beispiel von Jenny Erpenbecks Roman „Aller Tage Abend“)
Authors: Voloshchuk Ievgeniia
Published: October 2019

Since the cultural “rediscovery” of the former eastern outskirts of the Habsburg Monarchy, Galicia has not left being literary fashion. Writers try to explore this significant place of memory (Erinnerungsort) of European cultural history, tending to arrange the literary myth of Galicia as an overarching narrative, in which the force fields of European history are merging. A striking example of such kind of literature is Jenny Erpenbeck’s novel Aller Tage Abend (2012). Praised by the critics, the text tells at the same time an autobiographical and fictional family history during the 20th century.
In the article it is described how all central areas of the family history are influenced by the repressed Galician past, namely the protagonist’s lifestyles, the fate of her family, and, finally, her confrontation with the 20th-century history. The focus is on the basic components of the Galician experience, which was initially constituted by the way of living of Jewish diaspora in Habsburg Galicia and, later on, by the emigration of the family to Vienna. Furthermore, connections between Erpenbeck’s concept of the Galician past and the literary myth of Galicia are examined.
Poland? But which? Jewish Political Attitudes toward the Polish State in Formation during World War I
Authors: Silber Marcos
Published: October 2019

What kind of country are we talking about when we speak of Poland from the perspective of the organized Jewish political leadership in Poland? What should the scope and characteristics of the new Polish state in their view be? What kind of relations should Poland have with neighbouring states, as well as within, among its various populations and societies? The paper explores the changing answers given by different political Jewish leadership in a period of liminality – the interval between two stages and two distinct situations: the imperial order (Austrian and Russian) and the Polish national state. It examines Galicia and the Congress Poland from 1914 to 1918 when the territory was disputed among different empires and nations and its fate was far from clear. The article claims that the different visions of Poland presented by the Jewish leadership were grounded in two assumptions. The first was that the Jews as an integral part of society were legitimately entitled to express their own vision of the future state, the second – that the Jews, as an integral part of society, were entitled to equality on all levels of social life. That is the reason, the article claims, behind the demands for a fair distribution of the state’s resources regardless the mother tongue, religion, or ethno-national identification. The efforts the leaders of the Polish Jewry made to include the Jews as a minority group equal to others in the Polish state took place in the framework of the ethno-national ethos as the constitutive principle of state-building. The changing political circumstances and the growing hegemonic discourse based on the nation and nationality brought, claims the article, to the raising of a new Jewish national leadership during World War I. This leadership became convinced that, in the light of the discriminatory policies and growing anti-Jewish violence, only a mechanism of minority rights could guarantee Jewish existence in Poland.
Medicine in Ancient Mesopotamia
Authors: Supady Jerzy
Published: October 2019

The beginnings of the history of Mesopotamia date back to the mid second millennium before Christ. Various peoples settled down in that region and created more or less stable state organisms which, as the centauries passed, demonstrated and shared common cultural and civilizational heritage. Amongst the nations which made an enormous contribution to the development of medicine in Mesopotamia are Babylonians and Assyrians. The evidence of their achievements in medicine is found in the Code of Hammurabi and on clay tablets covered by cuneiform which were discovered in Nippur. In those days medicine was mainly of magical nature.
The attitude of state authorities to the development of physical culture in the Second Polish Republic
Authors: Sumara Tomasz
Published: October 2019

Physical culture in the Second Polish Republic has taken an important place in the politics of the state. It included physical education, physical recreation along with active forms of tourism, mass sports, high-performance sport and military adoption related programmatically with physical education. The state played a significant role in popularizing sport. They developed, among others infrastructure, building mountain hostels, ski jumps, indoor swimming pools, local playgrounds and modern large stadiums. A great contribution to the development of physical culture in pre-war Poland was made by institutions, unions and sports associations.
The purpose of the article is to outline the attitude of state authorities to physical culture during the interwar period. The text has a problem layout, I present the state's policy in financial, organizational and legal terms.
Extending multimedia languages to support multimodal-multiuser interactions
Authors: Guedes Álan L. V. , Barbosa Simone D. J.
Published: October 2019

Hardware and software technologies have given rise to a new class of human-computer interfaces that both explores multiple modalities and allows for multiple collaborating users. When compared to the development of traditional single-user WIMP (windows, icons, menus, pointer)-based applications, however, applications supporting the seamless integration of multimodal-multiuser interactions bring new specification and runtime requirements. In this thesis, with the aim of assisting the specification of multimedia applications that integrate multimodal-multiuser interactions, we: (1) propose the MMAM (Multimodal-Multiuser Authoring Model); (2) present three different instantiations of it (in NCL, HTML, and a block-based syntax); and (3) evaluate the proposed model through a user study. MMAM enables programmers to design and ponder different solutions for applications with multimodal-multiuser requirements. Its instantiations served as proofs of concept about the feasibility of our model and enabled us to perform the user study. The user study focused on capturing evidence of both the user understanding and the user acceptance of the proposed model. 94.47% of the participants gave positive answers to the block-based representation TAM questions, whereas 75.17% of them gave positive answers to the instantiations-related questions.
A Contextual Data Offloading Service With Privacy Support
Authors: Gomes Francisco , Rocha Lincoln , Trinta Fernando
Published: October 2019

Mobile and context-aware applications are now a reality thanks to the increased capabilities of mobile devices. In the last twenty years, researchers had proposed several software infrastructures to help the development of context-aware applications. We verified that most of them do not store contextual data history and that few of these infrastructures take into account the privacy of contextual data. This article presents a service named COP (Contextual data Offloading service with Privacy support) to mitigate these problems. Its foundations are: (i) a context model; (ii) a privacy policies; and (iii) a list of synchronization policies. The COP aims at storing and processing the contextual data generated from several mobile devices, using the computational power of the cloud. We have implemented one experiment evaluated the impact of contextual filter processing in the mobile device and the remote environment. In this experiment, we measured the processing time and the energy consumption of COP approach. The analysis detected that the migration of data from mobile device to a remote environment is advantageous.
A Mobile Application for motor coordination deficiency users
Authors: Romero Roseli Aparecida Francelin , Leite Tiago Miranda
Published: October 2019

It is not uncommon to find people with manual difficulties due to problems of motor coordination or some physical or neurological deficiency. This can hamper, among other things, the learning of writing digits and letters of the alphabet. In this article, we present a tool, developed in Python, to be used in tablets or phones with Android system. The tool can help users with some kind of hand handicap in the learning of letters or numbers writing, through their interaction with the electronic device. This system uses a CNN for recognizing the letters or digits and to give a feedback positive or negative for the user. Further, it can help users to learn about the corresponding image and sound, for each respective letter or digit. The mobile application is easy to use and has been tested in the learning of autistic children for 4 months. During training, the children demonstrated a good familiarity with the software and improved writing performance.
Linked Data Application for publishing and retrieving data from mammalian collections
Authors: Cosme Helder M. , Medeiros Adriana P. de
Published: October 2019

Several research institutions have collections of mammals, which are biological collections that contain important data about the species present in a given region. However, they face problems related to the management of this data and its dissemination, since in many cases this data is stored in spreadsheets, which makes data access and disclosure difficult. This work presents an application that uses the principles of Linked Data and the Darwin Core standard to publish the data of the mammalian collections. It allows accessing data in a friendly way and obtaining more related data, present in other repositories, in order to enrich the data of the samples of species of a collection.
PVBR-Recog: A YOLOv3-based Brazilian Automatic License Plate Recognition Tool
Authors: Pinto Pedro Ferreira Alves , Busson Antonio José G. , Melo João P. Forny de , Colcher Sérgio , Milidiú Ruy Luiz
Published: October 2019

Vehicle’s license plate detection and recognition is a task with several practical applications. It can be applied, for example, in the security segment, identifying stolen cars and controlling cars entry/exit in private areas. This work presents a Deep Learning based tool that uses the cascaded YOLOv3 to simultaneously detect and recognize vehicle plate. In experiments performed, our tool got a recall of 95% in plate detection and 96.2% accuracy in the recognition of the 7 characters of the license plate.
Libreflix: A Peer-to-Peer On-demand Video Platform for Free Streaming
Authors: Rossi Guilmour , Gomes-Jr Luiz
Published: October 2019

On-demand video streaming platforms are becoming one of the most important means to publish and consume multimedia content on the internet. The platforms are usually owned by corporations that charge for content access and implement restrictive copyright policies. While the platforms are beneficial, in many aspects, to the multimedia industry and consumers, they can be too restrictive for independent content creators and users with limited resources. This paper presents Libreflix, an on-demand video platform for free publication and consumption of content. Libreflix is intended for aggregation of content with permissive licences, fostering collaboration, community engagement and democratization of knowledge in the internet. This paper describes Libreflix’s architecture, the main functionalities implemented in the platform, and discusses important aspects and lessons learned during its ongoing development.
A Proposal of Educational Video Gamification as a Service
Authors: Moraes Daniel de Sousa , Guedes Álan L. V. , Busson Antonio J. G. , Soares Neto Carlos de Salles , Colcher Sérgio
Published: October 2019

Online and hybrid courses are characterized by the use of technologies teaching support and student-centered methodologies. In particular, the use of content authoring, storage, distribution, and presentation technologies has contributed to the emergence of Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs), such as Moodle, and MOOCS (Massive Open Online Course), such as EdX. However, those types of courses still suffers from problems involving student engagement. To improve this engagement, this article discusses the proposal of a Deep Learning as a Service (DLaS) called EVGAS (Educational Video Gamification As a Service). More precisely, EVGAS is a service for recommending and gamifying activities in existing educational VLE videos. First, EVGAS uses Deep Learning techniques to classify videos from an AVA. Then, it accesses repositories of activities, such as Khan Academy and UVA OnlineJudge, in order to select activities according to the topics classified from the videos. Finally, EVGAS adds VLA activities and gamification. It allows the teacher to monitor student progress, including in relation to each topic of the video. As a result, this paper presents high level requirements and an EVGAS Mockup.
Enhancing live editing commands by media content injection
Authors: Moreno Marcelo F.
Published: October 2019

Since its conception, Ginga-NCL supports live editing commands that allows broadcasters and their applications to change the behavior of NCL document presentations. This can be achieved via stream events inserted into the broadcast stream, or via Lua scripts in the same application. Recently, editing commands may be posted via apps running on smart devices in the home network. Considering this last mode, one may imagine a use case where smart devices can be used to change the behavior of Ginga-NCL apps including not only the command itself, but also new media content related to the command, like photos and videos. This contribution proposes the addition of media injection accompanying live editing commands.
NCL: Storing user settings in media node
Authors: Barreto Fabio , Montevecchi Eyre Brasil B. , Abreu Raphael , Santos Joel A. F. dos , Muchaluat-Saade Debora C.
Published: October 2019

This proposal consists of adding one more type of variable storage settings node, called “x-ncl-user-settings,” which stores user information. This information may come from sensors attached to the user, that must update this data periodically. These variables can be used by NCL links or procedural code to drive application behavior based on the perceived user information.
Adaptation of Full-Reference Image Quality Assessment Methods for Automatic Visual Evaluation of the Surface Quality of 3D Prints
Authors: Okarma Krzysztof , Fastowicz Jaroslaw
Published: October 2019

Automatic visual quality assessment of the 3D printed surfaces is currently one of the most demanding challenges in additive manufacturing. Regardless of the applications of the computer vision for the 3D printing process monitoring purposes, a reliable surface quality evaluation during manufacturing may introduce brand new possibilities. The detection of some distortions and their automatic evaluation can be helpful when deciding to stop the process to save time, energy, and filament. In some cases, some further corrections can also be made for relatively small distortions. Since many general-purpose image quality assessment methods have been proposed in recent years, their applications for the quality evaluation in the additive manufacturing are investigated. As most of the metrics are full-reference and require the availability of the original perfect quality image, their direct application is not possible. Therefore, their adaptation is described in the paper together with experimental verification of classification results obtained using various metrics.
Modelling VM Migration in a Fog Computing Environment
Authors: Roig Pedro Juan , Alcaraz Salvador , Gilly Katja , Juiz Carlos
Published: October 2019

Fog Computing is created to efficiently store and access data without the limitations challenging Cloud Computing deployments, such as network latency or bandwidth constraints. This is achieved by performing most of the processing on servers located as close as possible to where data is being collected. When mobile devices are equipped with limited resources and small capabilities, it would be convenient to make their associated computing and network resources follow them as much as possible. In this paper, migration process is studied and an algorithmic model is designed, selecting a generic Fat Tree architecture as the underlying topology, which may be useful to get a list of all devices being traversed through each of the redundant paths available.
Protismluvní doplnění blankosměnky
Authors: Dvořáková Zuzana
Published: October 2019

Pro případ, že se oprávněný při vyplňování blankosměnky odchýlí od dohody o směnečném vyplňovacím právu, má výstavce blankosměnky k dispozici námitku protismluvního doplnění blankosměnky. Příspěvek rozebírá vliv protismluvního doplnění blankosměnky na povinnost zaplatit směnku v závislosti na konkrétních údajích a způsobech jejich doplnění, okruh osob oprávněných namítat protismluvní doplnění blankosměnky a důsledky převodu vyplněné/nevyplněné blankosměnky na námitku protismluvního doplnění.
Teaching Ethics Through an Interactive Multidiscipline Communication Ethics Development Activity
Authors: Fredricks Susan ,   Society for Ethics Across the Curriculum
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to outline an ethics development activity that uses scenarios in university classes to further the knowledge, engagement, and enhancement of the ethical actions of the students. By starting with a brief review of the objective and use of scenarios in ethics research, the paper progresses to explain the activity, debrief the activity, and finally to provide an analysis of the activity with examples. Included in this activity are ways to incorporate a discussion of Kant’s Categorical Imperative Theories, NCA Credo of Ethical Communication (or any professional codes of ethics), and the use of videos for Milgram’s Blind Obedience and Stanford’s Prison studies—thus making this activity useful across all disciplines.
Prospects of leveraging an existing mosquito-borne disease surveillance system to monitor other emerging mosquito-borne diseases: a systematic review of West Nile Virus surveillance in Canada (2000–2016)
Authors: Awuor Luckrezia , Meldrum Richard , Liberda Eric N.
Published: October 2019

The objective of this paper was to characterize the role of the current West Nile Virus (WNV) surveillance in supporting the identification of and public health preparedness for other emerging mosquito-borne diseases in Canada. We systematically reviewed publicly accessible WNV surveillance records published within the federal, provincial (n = 10), territorial (n = 3), and regional health authorities (n = 95) between 2000 and 2016. We describe the strategic approaches and activities to WNV surveillance from 124 websites, four public health databases, and three custom Google search engines. WNV surveillance in Canada can address emerging mosquito-borne diseases. However, surveillance practices are likely to underestimate the true risks. Prioritizing and strengthening WNV surveillance by all levels of the Canadian Government through timely surveillance measures, consistent and representative data for accurate prediction of trends and risks are recommended.
Odus: Filosofia Africana para uma metodologia afrorreferenciada
Authors: Machado Adilbênia Freire
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo apresenta a metodologia filosófica, que também é conteúdo, dos Odus. Trata-se de uma metodologia afrorreferenciada demarcada por nossa origem, nossa ancestralidade, nossos caminhos / experiências / vivências. Alimentaremos, aqui, um diálogo formativo desde as culturas, os modos de ser / estar no mundo, as filosofias e saberes africanos e afrodescendentes. Busca-se delinear um pensamento plural, diverso, numa perspectiva horizontal, circular, que compreende a universalidade desde um lugar, desde nosso próprio chão, onde o corpo é produtor e fonte de conhecimento. Apresentaremos esta metodologia que é tecida por implicações epistemológicas, ativistas, política, ética, em busca de descolonização curricular e do próprio conhecimento, delineada pela escuta sensível, perpassada pelo coletivo, pela memória histórica, pela resistência negra e pela autoformação.
STAVOVI I MIŠLJENJE UČENIKA SREDNJE ŠKOLE O PLIVANJU
Authors: Hadžifejizović Semir
Published: October 2019

Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 30 (16 muških i 14 ženskih) godišta 2000 +6 i – 6 mjeseci, Gimnazije u Prijepolju u periodu maj 2018. godine. Istraživanje se odnosilo na plivanje, odnosno uvođenje plivanja u osnovne, srednje škole, na fakultet i anketi o znanju plivanje 100 m slobodno.Primjenjena je Likertova skala stavova, a koja se sastojala od niza tvrdnji koje izazivaju pozitivan ili negativan stav prema plivanju. Od ispitanika se traži da na ljestvici s neparnim brojem jedinica izrazi svoj stepen slaganja sa svakom tvrdnjom. Ukupan stav ispitanika dobija se sumiranjem sih odgovora. Skala se konstruiše na sledeći način: primjena tvrdnji na grupi procjenivača, koji izražavaju svoje slaganje sa svakom tvrdnjom na skali od 1 do 5.Plivanje treba uvesti kao predmet na fakultet, potvrdno je odgovorilo100% učenika i 85,71%kod učenica, dok plivanje treba uvesti kao predmet u osnovne i srednje škole, 87,5% učenika i 71,42% učenica.
RELACIJE MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI I USPJEHA IZVOĐENJA SPECIFIČNIH TEHNIČKIH ELEMENATA U RUKOMETU
Authors: Žakula Goran , Jovanović Saša
Published: October 2019

Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrđivanje relacija motoričkih sposobnosti i nekih specifičnih tehničkih elemenata u rukometu (slalom sa loptom i bacanje lopte od zid).Uzorak ispitanika sačinjen je od 58 muških ispitanika studenta Fakulteta Fizičkog vaspitanja i sporta Univerziteta u Banjoj Luci, starosti između 21-23 godine. Prediktorske varijable su predstavljene kroz set od 18 motoričkih testova: sklekovi (MRESKL), okretnost na tlu (MAGONT), okretnost u vazduhu (MKTOZ), provlačenje i preskakanje (MBKPOP), osmica sa saginjanjem (MAGOSS), koraci u stranu (MAGKUS), stajanje na jednoj nozi uzdužno na klupici zatvorenih očiju (MBAU1Z), taping nogama o zid (MBFTAZ), taping rukama (MBFTAP), taping nogama (MBFTAPN), iskret palicom (MFLISK), jarbol (MFLPRG), odručenje (MFLONK), skok u dalj iz mjesta (MFESDM), troskok iz mjesta (MFETRO), bacanje medicinke iz ležećeg položaja (MFEBML), zgibovi pothvatom (MRAZGP), podizanje trupa ležeći na stomaku (MRCZTL). Uzorak kriterijumskih varijabli činili su sljedeći elementi: slalom sa loptom (SLALOM) prema Metikoš i saradnici (1989) te bacanje lopte od zid (ORBLZ) prema Rogulj (1995). Generalni rezultati kanoničke analize, ukazuju na vrijednost kanoničke korelacija 0.765, vrijednošću HI kvadrat testa od320.101te statistički značajnu povezanost korištenih varijabli na nivou p .008. Dobijena su 4 kanonička korijena od kojih je samo prvi pokazao statističku značajnost p .008,dok su na pojedinačnom nivou varijable MRCZTL (0.58) i MFEBML (0.56)pokazale najviše projekcije na kanonički faktor, pa prema tome i najviše uslovljavaju dobijene rezultate. Još se ističu varijable MAGKUS(0.55) te MBFTAPi MBAU1Zsa vrijednošću od 0.51. Dobijeni podaci govore o potrebnom visok nivou više motoričkih sposobnosti kako bi se efikasno i prcizno izveli traženi tehnički elementi iz rukometa.
ATTITUDES AND OPINIONS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ABOUT SWIMMING
Authors: Hadžifejizović Semir
Published: October 2019

Sample consisted of 30 (16 male and 14 female) participants born in year 2000 +6 months and -6months who attended Gymnasium in Prijepolje in period May 2018. The research concerned with introductionof swimming into elementary and high schools, as well as universities and the questionnaireon knowledge about 100 m free style swimming.Likert scale was used and it consisted of a number of statements which cause positive ornegative attitude towards swimming. Participants were asked to express the level ofagreement on a scale with odd number of units. Total attitude is obtained by summing up theanswers. Scale is designed in the following manner: application of statements on a group ofassessors who express their level of agreement with every statement on scale 1–5. Statement:Swimming should be introduced as course at universities was assessed affirmativelyby 100% of male students and 85.71% female students, whereas the statement:swimming should be introduced as subject at elementary and high schools was assessedaffirmatively by 87.5% of male students and 71.42% of female students.
TRADE FACILITATION IN CEFTA 2006 REGIONAL INTEGRATION: CASE OF BEVERAGES SECTOR TRADE
Authors: Popović Petrović Ivana , Bjelić Predrag , Brkić Snježana
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is the analysis of the importance of the beverages sector and concrete trade facilitation measures for CEFTA 2006 economies, in general and for their intra-regional trade, in particular. The paper analyses both trade in beverages of CEFTA 2006 economies and heterogeneous group of barriers that exporters and importers are faced with at the CEFTA 2006 beverages market. Additionally, the paper points to possible solutions for elimination of those barriers through the implementation of selected trade facilitation measures. As the most of problems are related to the trade facilitation and marked as problems that could be easily removed, the most recommendations are based on the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement measures.
THE IMPACT OF SUBJECTIVE FACTORS ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS DECISION
Authors: Bašić Dragana , Aleksić Vesna
Published: October 2019

Deciding is a complex process of making many decisions at different levels and in different decision-making places, and it is under the influence of many factors on which the quality of the decisions made depends. In extensive literature in the field of decision-making theory, different authors differ on different classifications of factors that influence decision-making. In spite of the fact that there are some similarities between them, and differences in classifying, it can be said that in general terms, we distinguish objectivity and subjective decision-making factors. This paper will discuss subjective decision-making factors.
Environmental fate of the anti-parasitic ivermectin in an aquatic micro-ecological system after a single oral administration
Authors: Wang Di , Han Bing , Li Shaowu , Cao Yongsheng , Du Xue , Lu Tongyan
Published: October 2019

Background

Ivermectin (IVM) has been widely used in the aquaculture industry since its efficacy against parasites. However, the degradation of IVM was very slow in aquatic environments and the environmental fate of IVM in a complete aquatic system was still not clear. Therefore, comparable studies in a complete aquatic system were merited and helped to elucidate the environmental fate and effects of IVM.

Methods

An aquatic micro-ecological system containing an aquatic environment (water and sediment) and aquatic organisms (invertebrates, aquatic plants and fish) was built to simulate the natural rearing conditions. A single dose of 0.3 mg kg−1 body weight of IVM was given to the fish by oral gavage. Water, sediment, the roots and leaves of the aquatic plants, the soft tissue of the invertebrates and the visceral mass and muscle of fish samples were collected at 0.5 hours, 1 day, 7 days, 15 days, 30 days, 45 days, 60 days and 70 days after the treatment. IVM concentration in each sample was determined using ELISA method.

Results

IVM was quickly and widely distributed into the whole aquatic system in one day, and then was highly accumulated in organisms resulting in long-term residues. IVM was exchanged multiple times between the different media, which caused continuous fluctuations in the concentration of IVM in the water and sediment. It was worth noting that there was a second peak value of IVM in the fish and invertebrates after 30 days. The environmental fate of the IVM in the aquatic micro-ecological system showed that the drug was transferred from the fish to aquatic plants in the first seven days, and then gathered in the water and sediment, finally accumulating in the invertebrates. Our results indicated that an effective aquatic micro-ecological system was successfully established, and it could be applied to the study the environmental fate of IVM, which will aid the scientific use of this anti-parasitic agent during aquaculture.
Single‐Atomic‐Co Electrocatalysts with Self‐Supported Architecture toward Oxygen‐Involved Reaction
Authors: Xie Wenfu , Song Yuke , Li Shijin , Li Jianbo , Yang Yusen , Liu Wei , Shao Mingfei , Wei Min
Published: October 2019

Single‐atomic electrocatalysts (SACs) have shown great promise in electrocatalysis fields owing to their theoretical maximum atom utilization (100%). Yet still, it is far from expectation in practical applications due to entrapping within supports and blocking by aggregation. Herein, self‐supported carbon nanosheet arrays consisting of single‐atomic Co electrocatalyst (SS‐Co‐SAC) toward oxygen‐involved reaction and zinc–air batteries are reported. Impressively, the as‐synthesized SS‐Co‐SAC gives a markedly enhanced utilization of active sites (≈22.3%@2.3 wt%) as a result of single‐atomic dispersion of Co within a unique nanosheet arrays architecture, which is the largest value among other reported results. Benefiting from the high utilization of active sites, the SS‐Co‐SAC electrode exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Notably, the turnover frequency value for ORR is determined to be ≈9.26 s−1, which stands for the highest level among noble metal‐free electrocatalysts reported previously. Moreover, as an air‐cathode for zinc–air batteries with SS‐Co‐SAC, a power density of 195.1 mW cm−2 and a robust durability are achieved. It is believed that this study would guide the future design of highly active and durable single‐atom catalysts for both fundamental research and practical applications.
Magnetically Actuated SiCN‐Based Ceramic Microrobot for Guided Cell Delivery
Authors: Gyak Ki‐Won , Jeon Sungwoong , Ha Laura , Kim Sangwon , Kim Jin‐young , Lee Kwang‐Sup , Choi Hongsoo , Kim Dong‐Pyo
Published: October 2019

A silicon carbonitride (SICN) ceramic microrobot, biocompatible and magnetically activable, is developed for the delivery of viable cells to defective tissue by sequential steps of microstructuring, magnetization, and cell loading. The ceramic carrier of porous cylindrical framework is fabricated by 3D laser lithography using a photocurable preceramic polymer, chemically modified polyvinylsilazane, and subsequent pyrolysis at 600 °C under an inert atmosphere. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are integrated into the surface‐modified ceramic carrier by thiol‐ene click reaction. Finally, the microrobot is loaded with fibroblast cells, which can be guided by a rotating external magnetic field. The proposed ceramic microrobot is mechanically durable, adequately controllable with external magnetic field, and quite compatible with mammalian cells.