bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
#arquitectura: ciberespacio y estéticas de des-composición en la autoedición virtual.
Authors: Muñoz Carabias Francisco Felipe
Published: May 2023

La proliferación de las redes sociales ha supuesto un cambio radical en las formas y modos de comunicación de las artes y la arquitectura en particular. La autoedición digital de imágenes planteada por muchas de estas plataformas supone un replanteamiento en la experimentación estética contemporánea donde los límites entre autor y espectador se diluyen en una amalgama exponencial de información recombinada y retocada cuyo único patrón posible es el dominio de lo expresivo, lo sentimental frente a lo representativo, dictado en este enjambre digital por la dictadura del like como argumento validador dentro de una lógica consumista propia del capitalismo tardío. Desde esta perspectiva, la afectación al proyecto como futurible conceptual se aplana en una des-composición insustancial y horizontal de imágenes que destruye cualquier organización plausible. La idea generadora se traslada del todo a las partes, ahora convertidas en un collage de encuadres retocado como única estructura configuradora de la obra legitimado por el consumo compulsivo individualizado. De un modo inconsciente se infiere en un espacio virtual en construcción, ámbito de todo lo posible e imaginado, cuyas reglas de juego paradójicamente nacen precisamente de la negación de las mismas. Una unidad fragmentada que deja entrever las múltiples capas de una metarrealidad a la que estamos convocados. Como indica Roy Ascott, “re-pensar las posibilidades de la arquitectura de los nuevos mundos” (Ascott, R: 1994) es construir un futuro que por abierto e impredecible no debemos olvidar que también sigue siendo manipulable.
Making Inclusive Product Design a Reality: How Company Culture and Research Bias Impact Investment
Authors: Shulman Jeffrey D. , Gu Zheyin (Jane)
Published: May 2023

This research shows when, why, and how a research bias during the product development process can lead to increased or decreased likelihood of investing in inclusive product design.
Breaking it Down: Economic Consequences of Disaggregated Cost Disclosures
Authors: Berger Philip G. , Choi Jung Ho , Tomar Sorabh
Published: May 2023

Motivated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s project on the disaggregation of income statement expenses, we study a Korean rule change that allowed firms to withhold a previously mandated disaggregation of cost of sales (CoS). We find that after withholding, firms’ profitability increases by 1.6 percentage points. Our industry-focused results suggest that withholding affects profitability by reducing the transfer of competitive information to peer firms. We then document a range of evidence consistent with the idea that firms withhold disaggregated CoS to protect cost innovations from rivals. First, we construct a novel measure of firms’ cost-innovative potential and show that it predicts withholding and subsequent profitability gains under the voluntary disclosure regime. Second, we document efficiency gains following the withholding of disaggregated CoS. Third, our survey experiment of 1,257 U.S. public firm managers shows that they would reduce investments in process/cost innovations if they were required to disaggregate CoS. Our study highlights to standard setters and academics that CoS disaggregation entails operational consequences for firms.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.

Funding: The authors acknowledge financial support from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, the Stanford Graduate School of Business, and the Southern Methodist University Cox School of Business.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4780 .
The Influence of Short Selling on Negative Press Coverage of Firms
Authors: Bushman Robert , Pinto Jedson
Published: May 2023

We hypothesize that after a relaxation of short selling constraints, an escalation in short selling activity will heighten incentives for short sellers to accelerate price discovery by revealing their negative information. Consistent with this conjecture, we find that the overall sentiment of media coverage tilts significantly more negative for pilot relative to control firms following exogenous relief of short sale constraints. We find a more pronounced effect for media-initiated articles relative to firm-initiated press releases. Further, following abnormal increases in short interest, there is a significantly greater increase in negative news flow for pilot relative to nonpilot firms. Finally, we find that stock returns of firms with lower short selling constraints become significantly more sensitive to negative news reports.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Funding: The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Kenan-Flagler Business School and the Naveen Jindal School of Management.

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4783 .
Examination of the Bi-LSTM Based 5G-OFDM Wireless Network Over Rayleigh Fading Channel Conditions
Authors: Sarangi Sanjaya Kumar , Lenka Rasmita , Shankar Ravi , Mehraj Haider , Krishnan V. Gokula
Published: May 2023

Fifth generation (5G) wireless networks’ system performance is dependent on having perfect knowledge of the channel state information (CSI). Deep learning (DL) has helped improve both the end-to-end reliability of 5G and beyond fifth generation (B5G) networks and the computational complexity of these networks. This work uses the Bi-linear long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) scheme to examine the overall performance of the 5G orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. The least squares (LS) channel estimation scheme is a famous scheme employed to estimate the fading channel coefficients due to their lower complexity without the prior CSI. However, this scheme has an exceedingly high CSI error. Using pilot symbols (PS) and loss functions, this work has proposed the Bi-LSTM 5G OFDM estimators to improve the channel estimation obtained by the LS approach. All simulation analysis uses convex optimization (CO) software (CVX software) and stochastic gradient descent (SGD). When combined with many PS (72) and a cross-entropy loss function, the proposed Bi-LSTM outperforms the long-short-term memory (LSTM) cross-entropy, LS, and minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimators in low, medium, and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes. The computational and training times of Bi-LSTM and LSTM DL estimators are also compared. Because of its DNN design, it can evaluate massive datasets, find hidden statistical patterns and characteristics, establish underlying relationships, and transfer what it has learnt to other contexts. Statistical analysis of the bit error rate (BER) reveals that Bi-LSTM outperforms the MMSE in terms of accurate channel prediction.
Virtual reality enabled asynchronous learning modules for fiber optic
preform manufacturing education
Authors: Upadhyay Bhargav , Madathil Kapil Chalil , Bertrand Jeffrey , Rosopa Elenah , Ballato John , Verlage Erik , Saini Sajan , Kimerling Lionel C. , Gramopadhye Anand
Published: May 2023

The demand for skilled workers and novel manufacturing training
solutions has increased with the growing demand for fiber optic
cables. Web-based simulations can be used for training, and this paper
presents an approach for developing a fiber preform manufacturing
browser-based VR simulation. Subsequently, a study was conducted to
evaluate the effectiveness of the simulation based on learning gains
and learner perception of ease of use, usefulness, intention of use,
learning outcomes, and workload. A mixed-methods between-subjects
study with 63 participants found that the combination of lecture and
simulation was significantly better for perceived usefulness and
learning outcomes compared to lecture-only or lecture-and-video
conditions.
Measurement of rat and human tissue optical properties for improving the optical detection and visualization of peripheral nerves
Authors: Haugen Ezekiel J. , Throckmorton Graham A. , Walter Alec B. , Mahadevan-Jansen Anita , Baba Justin S.
Published: May 2023

Peripheral nerve damage frequently occurs in challenging surgical cases resulting in high costs and morbidity. Various optical techniques have proven effective in detecting and visually enhancing nerves, demonstrating their translational potential for assisting in nerve-sparing medical procedures. However, there is limited data characterizing the optical properties of nerves in comparison to surrounding tissues, thus limiting the optimization of optical nerve detection systems. To address this gap, the absorption and scattering properties of rat and human nerve, muscle, fat, and tendon were determined from 352-2500 nm. The optical properties highlighted an ideal region in the shortwave infrared for detecting embedded nerves, which remains a significant challenge for optical approaches. A 1000-1700 nm hyperspectral diffuse reflectance imaging system was used to confirm these results and identify optimal wavelengths for nerve imaging contrast in an in vivo rat model. Optimal nerve visualization contrast was achieved using 1190/1100 nm ratiometric imaging and was sustained for nerves embedded under ≥600 µm of fat and muscle. Overall, the results provide valuable insights for optimizing the optical contrast of nerves, including those embedded in tissue, which could lead to improved surgical guidance and nerve-sparing outcomes.
Photonic-assisted multi-format dual-band microwave signal generator without background noise
Authors: Fan Xiaojie , Jin Ya , Cao Xuhua , Chen Yinfang , Wang Xin , Li Ming , Zhu Ninghua , Li Wei
Published: May 2023

We report a photonic approach to generate background-free multi-format dual-band microwave signals based on a single modulator, which is suitable for high-precision and fast detection of radars in complex electromagnetic environments. By applying different radio-frequency signals and electrical coding signals to the polarization-division multiplexing Mach-Zehnder modulator (PDM-MZM), the generation of dual-band dual-chirp signals or dual-band phase-coded pulse signals centered at 10 and 15.5 GHz is experimentally demonstrated. Furthermore, by choosing an appropriate fiber length, we verified that the generated dual-band dual-chirp signals are not affected by chromatic-dispersion induced-power fading (CDIP); meanwhile, by autocorrelation calculations, we got high pulse compression ratios (PCRs) of 13 of the generated dual-band phase-encoded signals, showing that the generated phase-encoded signals can be emitted directly without extra pulse truncation operation. The proposed system features a compact structure, reconfigurability and polarization independence, which is promising for multi-functional dual-band radar systems.
Electron acceleration by exponentially-chirped laser pulses
Authors: Salamin Yousef , Carbajo Sergio
Published: May 2023

Single-electron acceleration in vacuum by exponentially-chirped plane-wave and tightly-focused Gaussian laser pulses is investigated. Numerical simulations employing the chirped fields lead to GeV net energy gain from PW-class femtosecond laser pulses.
Target-agnostic drug prediction integrated with medical record analysis uncovers differential associations of statins with increased survival in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Sperry Megan M. , Oskotsky Tomiko T. , Marić Ivana , Kaushal Shruti , Takeda Takako , Horvath Viktor , Powers Rani K. , Rodas Melissa , Furlong Brooke , Soong Mercy , Prabhala Pranav , Goyal Girija , Carlson Kenneth E. , Wong Ronald J. , Kosti Idit , Le Brian L. , Logue James , Hammond Holly , Frieman Matthew , Stevenson David K. , Ingber Donald E. , Sirota Marina , Novak Richard
Published: May 2023

Drug repurposing requires distinguishing established drug class targets from novel molecule-specific mechanisms and rapidly derisking their therapeutic potential in a time-critical manner, particularly in a pandemic scenario. In response to the challenge to rapidly identify treatment options for COVID-19, several studies reported that statins, as a drug class, reduce mortality in these patients. However, it is unknown if different statins exhibit consistent function or may have varying therapeutic benefit. A Bayesian network tool was used to predict drugs that shift the host transcriptomic response to SARS-CoV-2 infection towards a healthy state. Drugs were predicted using 14 RNA-sequencing datasets from 72 autopsy tissues and 465 COVID-19 patient samples or from cultured human cells and organoids infected with SARS-CoV-2. Top drug predictions included statins, which were then assessed using electronic medical records containing over 4,000 COVID-19 patients on statins to determine mortality risk in patients prescribed specific statins versus untreated matched controls. The same drugs were tested in Vero E6 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 and human endothelial cells infected with a related OC43 coronavirus. Simvastatin was among the most highly predicted compounds (14/14 datasets) and five other statins, including atorvastatin, were predicted to be active in > 50% of analyses. Analysis of the clinical database revealed that reduced mortality risk was only observed in COVID-19 patients prescribed a subset of statins, including simvastatin and atorvastatin. In vitro testing of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells revealed simvastatin to be a potent direct inhibitor whereas most other statins were less effective. Simvastatin also inhibited OC43 infection and reduced cytokine production in endothelial cells. Statins may differ in their ability to sustain the lives of COVID-19 patients despite having a shared drug target and lipid-modifying mechanism of action. These findings highlight the value of target-agnostic drug prediction coupled with patient databases to identify and clinically evaluate non-obvious mechanisms and derisk and accelerate drug repurposing opportunities.
Prevalence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and impact on child health in Cap-Haitien, Haiti
Authors: Diaz Jenna N. , Iannotti Lora L. , Louis Dulience Sherlie Jean , Vie Sydney , Jiang Xuntian , Grigura Vadim , Boncy Jacques , Pierre Francesca J. Marhône , Kuhlmann F. Matthew
Published: May 2023

Background

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are common pathogens infecting children during their growth and development. Determining the epidemiology and the impact of DEC on child anthropometric measures informs prioritization of prevention efforts. These relationships were evaluated in a novel setting, Cap-Haitien, Haiti.

Methods

We performed pre-specified secondary analysis of a case-control study of community-dwelling children, 6–36 months of age, enrolled 96 cases with diarrhea and 99 asymptomatic controls. Assessments were performed at enrollment and one month later at follow-up. Established endpoint PCR methodologies targeted DEC gDNA isolated from fecal swabs. The association between DEC and anthropometric z-scores at enrollment was determined using multivariate linear regression. Lastly, we assessed the association between specific biomarkers, choline and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and diarrheal burden.

Results

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was identified in 21.9% of cases vs. 16.1% of controls with heat-stable producing ETEC significantly associated with symptomatic disease. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) was found in 30.2% of cases vs. 27.3% of controls, and typical enteropathogenic E. coli in 6.3% vs. 4.0% of cases and controls, respectively. Multivariate linear regression, controlled for case or control status, demonstrated ETEC and EAEC were significantly associated with reduced weight-age z-score (WAZ) and height-age z-score (HAZ) after adjusting for confounders. An interaction between ETEC and EAEC was observed. Choline and DHA were not associated with diarrheal burden.

Conclusions

DEC are prevalent in north Haitian children. ETEC, EAEC, household environment, and diet are associated with unfavorable anthropometric measures, with possible synergistic interactions between ETEC and EAEC. Further studies with longer follow up may quantify the contribution of individual pathogens to adverse health outcomes.
Automated control for investigation of the insufflation-ventilation interaction in experimental laparoscopy
Authors: van Weteringen Willem , Sterke Frank , Vlot John , Wijnen René M. H. , Dankelman Jenny
Published: May 2023

In laparoscopic surgery the abdominal cavity is insufflated with pressurized carbon dioxide gas to create workspace. This pressure is exerted through the diaphragm onto the lungs, competing with ventilation and hampering it. In clinical practice the difficulty of optimizing this balance can lead to the application of harmfully high pressures. This study set out to create a research platform for the investigation of the complex interaction between insufflation and ventilation in an animal model. The research platform was constructed to incorporate insufflation, ventilation and relevant hemodynamic monitoring devices, controlling insufflation and ventilation from a central computer. The core of the applied methodology is the fixation of physiological parameters by applying closed-loop control of specific ventilation parameters. For accurate volumetric measurements the research platform can be used in a CT scanner. An algorithm was designed to keep blood carbon dioxide and oxygen values stable, minimizing the effect of fluctuations on vascular tone and hemodynamics. This design allowed stepwise adjustment of insufflation pressure to measure the effects on ventilation and circulation. A pilot experiment in a porcine model demonstrated adequate platform performance. The developed research platform and protocol automation have the potential to increase translatability and repeatability of animal experiments on the biomechanical interactions between insufflation and ventilation.
Barriers in accessing family planning services in Nepal during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Sigdel Anil , Bista Anu , Sapkota Hardik , Teijlingen Edwin van
Published: May 2023

Background

The COVID-19 virus is still with us, and in resource-limited countries, like Nepal, resurgence of a new variant is still a threat. In this pandemic, low-income countries struggle to provide essential public health services, including family planning. This study was conducted to explore what sorts of barriers are faced by women needing family planning services in Nepal during the pandemic.

Methods

This qualitative study was conducted in five districts of Nepal. Telephonic in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 women of reproductive age (18–49 years) who were the regular clients of family planning services. Data were coded deductively using the preexisting themes based on a socio-ecological model (e.g., individual, family, community, and health-facility levels).

Results

Individual level barriers included low self-confidence, inadequate knowledge on COVID-19, myths and misconception related to COVID-19, limited access to FP services low priority to SRH services, low autonomy in family and limited financial ability. Family level barriers comprised of partner’s support, social stigma, increased time at home with husbands or parents, un-acceptance of family planning services as essential health services, financial hardship due to loss of jobs, and communication with in-laws. Movement restrictions and transportation hindering access, unsecured feeling, violation of privacy, and obstacles from security personnel were the community level barriers and unavailability of preferred choice of contraception, increased waiting time, limited outreach services by community health workers, limited physical infrastructures, the behavior of health workers, stock out of commodities, and absence of health workers were health facility level barriers.

Conclusion

This study highlighted key barriers faced by women in seeking family planning services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nepal. Policymakers and program managers should consider strategies to ensure continued availability of the full method mix during emergency, particularly since disruptions may go unnoticed and strengthen the provision of services through alternative service delivery channels to ensure sustained uptake of such services in this sort of pandemic.
Crystalline silica-exposed human lung epithelial cells presented enhanced anchorage-independent growth with upregulated expression of BRD4 and EZH2 in autocrine and paracrine manners
Authors: Katabami Motoo , Kinoshita Ichiro , Ariga Shin , Shimizu Yasushi , Dosaka-Akita Hirotoshi
Published: May 2023

Crystalline silica-induced inflammation possibly facilitates carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated its effect on lung epithelium damage. We prepared conditioned media of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell lines (hereinafter bronchial cell lines) NL20, BEAS-2B, and 16HBE14o- pre-exposed to crystalline silica (autocrine crystalline silica conditioned medium), a phorbol myristate acetate-differentiated THP-1 macrophage line, and VA13 fibroblast line pre-exposed to crystalline silica (paracrine crystalline silica conditioned medium). As cigarette smoking imposes a combined effect on crystalline silica-induced carcinogenesis, a conditioned medium was also prepared using the tobacco carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide. Crystalline silica-exposed and growth-suppressed bronchial cell lines exhibited enhanced anchorage-independent growth in autocrine crystalline silica and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide conditioned medium compared with that in unexposed control conditioned medium. Crystalline silica-exposed nonadherent bronchial cell lines in autocrine crystalline silica and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide conditioned medium showed increased expression of cyclin A2, cdc2, and c-Myc, and of epigenetic regulators and enhancers, BRD4 and EZH2. Paracrine crystalline silica and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide conditioned medium also accelerated the growth of crystalline silica-exposed nonadherent bronchial cell lines. Culture supernatants of nonadherent NL20 and BEAS-2B in crystalline silica and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide conditioned medium had higher EGF concentrations, whereas those of nonadherent 16HBE14o- had higher TNF-α levels. Recombinant human EGF and TNF-α promoted anchorage-independent growth in all lines. Treatment with EGF and TNF-α neutralizing antibodies inhibited cell growth in crystalline silica conditioned medium. Recombinant human TNF-α induced BRD4 and EZH2 expression in nonadherent 16HBE14o-. The expression of γH2AX occasionally increased despite PARP1 upregulation in crystalline silica-exposed nonadherent lines with crystalline silica and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide conditioned medium. Collectively, crystalline silica- and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-induced inflammatory microenvironments comprising upregulated EGF or TNF-α expression may promote crystalline silica-damaged nonadherent bronchial cell proliferation and oncogenic protein expression despite occasional γH2AX upregulation. Thus, carcinogenesis may be cooperatively aggravated by crystalline silica-induced inflammation and genotoxicity.
Analyzing the sensitivity of quantitative 3D MRI of longitudinal relaxation at very low field in Gd-doped phantoms
Authors: de Iure Danilo , Conti Allegra , Galante Angelo , Spadone Sara , Hilschenz Ingo , Caulo Massimo , Sensi Stefano , Del Gratta Cosimo , Della Penna Stefania
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Recently, new MRI systems working at magnetic field below 10 mT (Very and Ultra Low Field regime) have been developed, showing improved T1-contrast in projected 2D maps (i.e. images without slice selection). Moving from projected 2D to 3D maps is not trivial due to the low SNR of such devices. This work aimed to demonstrate the ability and the sensitivity of a VLF-MRI scanner operating at 8.9 mT in quantitatively obtaining 3D longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) maps and distinguishing between voxels intensities. We used phantoms consisting of vessels doped with different Gadolinium (Gd)-based Contrast Agent (CA) concentrations, providing a set of various R1 values. As CA, we used a commercial compound (MultiHance®, gadobenate dimeglumine) routinely used in clinical MRI.

Methods

3D R1 maps and T1-weighted MR images were analysed to identify each vessel. R1 maps were further processed by an automatic clustering analysis to evaluate the sensitivity at the single-voxel level. Results obtained at 8.9 mT were compared with commercial scanners operating at 0.2 T, 1.5 T, and 3 T.

Results

VLF R1 maps offered a higher sensitivity in distinguishing the different CA concentrations and an improved contrast compared to higher fields. Moreover, the high sensitivity of 3D quantitative VLF-MRI allowed an effective clustering of the 3D map values, assessing their reliability at the single voxel level. Conversely, in all fields, T1-weighted images were less reliable, even at higher CA concentrations.

Conclusion

In summary, with few excitations and an isotropic voxel size of 3 mm, VLF-MRI 3D quantitative mapping showed a sensitivity better than 2.7 s-1 corresponding to a concentration difference of 0.17 mM of MultiHance in copper sulfate doped water, and improved contrast compared to higher fields. Based on these results, future studies should characterize R1 contrast at VLF, also with other CA, in the living tissues.
Is online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic associated with increased burnout in medical learners?: A medical school’s experience
Authors: Hunt Sarah , Simpson Jenna , Letwin Lyndon , MacLeod Bryan
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift to virtual curriculum delivery at Canadian medical schools. At the NOSM University, some learners transitioned to entirely online learning, while others continued in-person, in-clinic learning. This study aimed to show that medical learners who transitioned to exclusively online learning exhibited higher levels of burnout compared to their peers who continued in-person, clinical learning. Analysis of factors that protect against burnout including resilience, mindfulness, and self-compassion exhibited by online and in-person learners at NOSM University during this curriculum shift were also explored.

Methods

As part of a pilot wellness initiative, a cross-sectional online survey-based study of learner wellness was conducted at NOSM University during the 2020–2021 academic year. Seventy-four learners responded. The survey utilized the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Brief Resilience Scale, Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale–Revised, and the Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form. T-tests were utilized to compare these parameters in those who studied exclusively online and those who continued learning in-person in a clinical setting.

Results

Medical learners who engaged in online learning exhibited significantly higher levels of burnout when compared with learners who continued in-person learning in a clinical setting, despite scoring equally on protective factors such as resilience, mindfulness, and self-compassion.

Conclusion

The results discussed in this paper suggest that the increased time spent in a virtual learning environment during the COVID-19 pandemic might be associated with burnout among exclusively online learners, as compared to learners who were educated in clinical, in-person settings. Further inquiry should investigate causality and any protective factors that could mitigate negative effects of the virtual learning environment.
How does industrial intelligence affect regional innovation efficiency? Evidence from panel data of China’s provinces
Authors: Wu Kedong , Yang Tianshan , Zhu Mengchun
Published: May 2023

Innovation efficiency is an important manifestation of regional innovation capacity, and how to improve regional innovation efficiency is crucial to regional development. This study empirically explores the impact of industrial intelligence on regional innovation efficiency and the possible influence of approaches and mechanisms. The empirical results revealed the following. First, the development level of industrial intelligence can positively affect regional innovation efficiency, while beyond a certain level, its role in promoting regional innovation efficiency will weaken, exhibiting an inverted U-shaped effect. Second, compared with the application research by enterprises, industrial intelligence plays a stronger role in promoting the innovation efficiency of basic research by scientific research institutes. Third, human capital situation, financial development level, and industrial structure upgrading are three significant channels for industrial intelligence to promote regional innovation efficiency. Therefore, accelerating the development of industrial intelligence, formulating individualized policies for different innovative entities, and rationally allocating resources related to the development of industrial intelligence are needed to be taken to improve regional innovation.
Estimated reduction of nitrogen in streams of the Chesapeake Bay in areas with agricultural conservation practices
Authors: Sekellick Andrew J. , Ator Scott W. , Devereux Olivia H. , Keisman Jeni L.
Published: May 2023

Spatial data provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Resource Conservation Service representing implementation at the field-level for a selection of agricultural conservation practices were incorporated within a spatially referenced regression model to estimate their effects on nitrogen loads in streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Conservation practices classified as “high-impact” were estimated to be effective (p = 0.017) at reducing contemporary nitrogen loads to streams of the Chesapeake Bay watershed in areas where groundwater ages are estimated to be less than 14-years old. Watershed-wide, high-impact practices were estimated to reduce nitrogen loads to streams by 1.45%, with up to 60% reductions in areas with shorter groundwater ages and larger amounts of implementation. Effects of “other-impact” practices and practices in areas with groundwater ages of 14 years or more showed less evidence of effectiveness. That the discernable impact of high-impact practices was limited to areas with a median groundwater age of less than 14 years does not imply that conservation practices are not effective in areas with older groundwater ages. A model recalibrated using high-impact agricultural conservation practice data summarized by county suggests effects may also be detectable using implementation data available at such coarser resolution. Despite increasing investment, effects of agricultural conservation practices on regional water quality remain difficult to quantify due to factors such as groundwater travel times, varying modes-of-action, and the general lack of high-quality spatial datasets representing practice implementation.
Geologia 1-Fisika 1: duela 65 milioi urte Lurraren aurkako meteorito baten inpaktuaren afera
Authors: Plazaola Fernando
Published: May 2023

Artikulu hau «Geologia 1-Fisika 0» artikuluaren jarraipena da, non xx. mendeko, eta bereziki mendearen lehen erdiko fisikaren nagusitasuna, ez zela arlo guztietara heldu erakutsi zen. Izan ere, Lurraren adinaren ezagutzan Geologiak gol galanta sartu zion Fisikari. Bigarren artikulu honetan, berriz, azalduko dut, xx. mendearen laugarren laurdenean, Fisikaren arrakasta hain handia ez zenean Fisikak partidua berdintzea lortu zuela, 1968ko Fisikako Nobel Saria jaso zuen Luis Walter Alvarezen eskutik bereziki. Hein handi batean bera izan baitzen Lurrak meteorito baten inpaktua duela 65 milioi urte jaso zuela proposatu zuena. Azken iraungipen/suntsipen masiboak adin hori du eta adin hori erabiltzen da Kretazeoaren eta Paleogenoaren arteko muga ezartzeko. Hipotesi hori azken suntsipen masiboaren kausa bezala 1980. urtean Science aldizkarian argitaratu ostean komunitate zientifikoan sortu zuen zirraraz, egonezinaz eta diziplina arteko eztabaida zientifiko aberatsaz arituko da artikulua. Artikuluak bide emango digu, baita ere, ikerketa zientifikoaren munduan maiz gertatzen den «migrantearen efektua» deitu dudana azaleratzeko, arazoei aurre egiteko bide desberdinak erakusteko, kuriositate zabaleko pertsonen garrantzia, komunitate zientifiko desberdinetan, eta baita bakoitzean ere, gerta daitezkeen jeloskeriak, parekideen berrikuspena prozesuan gerta daitezkeen «subjektibotasunak» eta, halaber, ikerketa arloaren adituen ezinegona eta erreakzioak hipotesi iraultzaile baten aurrean, hipotesia eremutik kanpoko zientzialariek egina bada.
Las auditorías sociolaborales para un mundo cada vez más global-local. Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, beneficios, aportaciones y dificultades
Authors: Rodríguez-Del Pino Juan Antonio , Aguado-Hernández Juli Antoni
Published: May 2023

El desarrollo sostenible no es una posibilidad sino una necesidad. Por ello, son imprescindibles técnicas que faciliten, de manera directa o indirecta, articular estrategias y actuaciones adecuadas a cada organización acordes con los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS). Sobre esta base, en el trabajo se presenta una iniciativa docente consistente en la introducción de la sostenibilidad y los ODS en la asignatura de Técnicas de Auditoría del Grado en Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humanos de la Universitat de València. En una asignatura que contribuye a la formación integral que deben tener los profesionales de la disciplina para saber hacer, pero también para conocer el medio social en el que trabajan y poder analizarlo críticamente, el proceso desarrollado pone de manifiesto el interés de utilizar este espacio educativo y los instrumentos que se enseñan para posibilitar la mejora de la sostenibilidad en el espacio laboral de las organizaciones.
Construcción de interculturalidad en el contexto educativo: el caso de una maestra mapuche en La Araucanía, Chile
Authors: Monroy Flores Verel Elvira , Reyes Cordero Karina Alejandra
Published: May 2023

Este artículo ha tenido como propósito comprender cómo se construye la interculturalidad a partir de los significados que una maestra mapuche otorga a su experiencia de vida en el contexto educativo rural. La recolección de información se ha realizado a través de una entrevista narrativa, a partir de cuyo corpus se ha formulado un modelo de análisis del discurso. Los estudios sobre la interculturalidad, desde esta perspectiva, dan valor a las experiencias encarnadas como fuente de agencia, empoderamiento y ejercicio político.
Legisladores y aborto en América Latina: entendiendo la tríada género, religión e ideología
Authors: Márquez Romo Cristian , Montaño Reyes Mónica
Published: May 2023

El género es clave para predecir la posición de los individuos frente al aborto, pero sabemos poco sobre cómo interactúa con sus preferencias ideológicas y posiciones religiosas. El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar en qué medida la ideología y la religión moderan el efecto del género sobre la posición frente al aborto, utilizando datos de encuesta a cerca de 8.000 legisladores de 18 parlamentos latinoamericanos entre 1994 y 2018.
Interculturación y multiterritorialidad: estrategias de resistencia y resiliencia de personas migrantes venezolanas asentadas en Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Herrera Leal Martha Lucia , Mojica Acevedo Eliana Caterine , Espinel Rubio Gladys Adriana
Published: May 2023

Este artículo tiene como propósito identificar las interacciones socioculturales que tejen las personas migrantes venezolanas en su proceso de asentamiento en Cúcuta, Colombia, principal ciudad fronteriza receptora. Es una investigación con enfoque fenomenológico; se utilizan la observación no participante, el análisis de contenido de notas de prensa y las historias de vida. El trabajo muestra que la migración es asumida como una oportunidad, configurando estrategias de resistencia y de resiliencia, basadas en la interculturación y la multiterritorialidad, dada la proximidad de su país.
Enfoques de política exterior norteamericanos vs. latinoamericanos: niveles y unidades de análisis
Authors: Urueña Sánchez Mario , Olasolo Héctor , Hernández Cortés Clara
Published: May 2023

Este artículo contrasta el entendimiento de la academia latinoamericana de la interacción de niveles y unidades de análisis de política exterior con el de sus homólogos norteamericanos. La metodología para dar alcance a este objetivo se soportará en análisis documental de fuentes académicas. Se concluye que la actualización en los debates contemporáneos y la reconstrucción de redes académicas son pasos deseables a seguir de parte de los estudiosos latinoamericanos en busca de ofrecer propuestas innovadoras.
Um Sistema de Simulação de Epidemias Utilizando Sistemas Multiagentes
Authors: Silva Custódio Marcelo , Matias Jhennifer , Leopoldo Gonçalves Alexandre , Panisson Alison
Published: May 2023

RESUMOThe virus SARS-CoV-2 caused a pandemic that started in 2019, ithas crowded hospitals, and caused millions of deaths around theworld. This disease has promoted an immeasurable impact on people’slives. One of the most important aspects of combating anepidemic is to understand how the virus is transmitted, and howfast it propagates through the environment, considering the largenumber of variables involved that can be observed by scientificmethods. Aiming to provide this understanding, in this work, wepropose an epidemic simulation system, focusing on the COVID-19scenario, implemented using multi-agent systems. The epidemicsimulation system is based on the well-known SIR transmissionmodel. Also, to evaluate the proposed simulation system, we tookinto consideration the main causes pointed out by the MundialHealth Organization about the transmission of COVID-19, simulatingdifferent scenarios related to the pandemic, validating theimplementation of the simulation system.
Controlador neural para um motor CC: aspectos de projeto e simulação
Authors: Arins Gustavo , Grando Moreira Benjamin
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThiswork presents the development of a neural controller to controlthe speed of a CC motor, applying as a priority the response time,the overshoot percentage, and the required precision of the system.We developed a simulation of two alternatives for control: a PIDcontroller and a controller using Artificial Neural Networks. Toselect the network architeture quantitative and qualitative analyzeswere carried out to interpret the phenomena and the behavior ofeach proposed network architecture.
Remote Teaching of Scrum in Practice: an analysis of participants' perception
Authors: Rocha Marina , Dias Gabriela , Andrade Mateus , Luiz Sousa Jorge , C. Chaaban Pedro , Ramalho Giovana , Rabelo Jacilane
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe use of agile methods in companies is becoming more common,such as the Scrum method. So, students reported the need to acquirepractical knowledge of agile methods. Due to the COVID-19pandemic, remote teaching has become the most practical andefficient way of imparting knowledge through courses andworkshops. Based on the needs of the project's target audience, thisstudy presents a proposal for teaching a practical approach usingthe Scrum method to college students. This paper presents themethodology used, describing the students' perceptions of thestrategies, didactics, and the resources used. Also, we describe thereal examples of hands-on activities and Kahoot, and the results ofa questionnaire applied to collect feedback. The data obtained wereanalyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. According to the resultsthe satisfaction level with the course was high, given thecontribution of students to the practice of Scrum roles. Regardingthe methodology, 100% of the students considered it easy and 85%were satisfied with the course, in general. In addition, most of theparticipants stated that they enjoyed the hands-on activities and feltquite competent after completing them. Moreover, students statethat they enjoyed the course due to (a) the teaching methodology,(b) the use of real examples, and (c) the content approach. Thus, therelevance of good results obtained leads us to discussions aboutfuture actions.
Análise Comparativa de Plataformas de Mídias Sociais Turísticas: um Estudo de Caso de Booking e TripAdvisor para o Município de Santarém, Pará
Authors: Jean Amaral Aleixo Marlisson , De Sousa Araujo Gabriele , Almeida do Carmo Fernando , Fernando Lavareda Jacob Junior Antonio , Manoel França Lobato Fábio
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe tourism industry is one of the most prominent sectors in analyzinguser-generated content, considering the amount of data onsocial media platforms dedicated to this subject. The analysis ofthis data can provide insights to better understand customer opinionsabout companies’ products and services, supporting decisionmakingprocesses. This work presents a study on the Booking andTripAdvisor platforms. To this end, a comparative analysis of usergeneratedcontent on tourism social media was conducted, focusingon hotel data from Santarém, Pará, Brazil, an important touristcity in the Amazon region. The collected data went through thepre-processing stage for adaptation and cleaning, where exploratoryanalysis, gender analysis, and topic modeling and sentimentanalysis techniques were applied. The results show no significantdifference in the genres that most comment on TripAdvisor andthat both platforms have similar topics. The insights obtained canguide the public sector towards better governance and improvingbusiness processes.
O trabalho pedagógico com estudante com deficiência intelectual (DI) mediado por tecnologias digitais
Authors: Prata Danilo , Barros de Sales André
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThis article presents an experience report of a teacher from thepublic education network of the Federal District on theorganization of pedagogical work mediated by DigitalInformation and Communication Technologies with a studentwith intellectual disabilities, after the pandemic period, in thereturn to face-to-face pedagogical activities. The type ofresearch was qualitative in nature of the case study type,taking the observation and recording of facts as an instrumentof data production for six months. The results indicate aconsiderable improvement in cognitive and social aspects ofthe student under observation, and point to changes in thepedagogical practice of the teacher. The main considerationsindicate that pedagogical mediation using digital resources hasmodified the processes of teaching-learning and humandevelopment, using new interactional and pedagogicalpractices.
Diversidade de Gênero em Projetos Open Source no GitHub: um Estudo sobre a Relevância Temática dos Comentários das Issues
Authors: Miranda Batista Estela , Braga e Silva Gláucia , Regina de Moura Braga Silva Thais
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThis work presents a comparative study of gender diversity onGitHub issue tracking based on metrics such as thematic relevanceof comments, developer reputation, plataform participation timeand number of reported issues. Data were extracted and mined from5 open source and 5 dedicated to women communities. The resultsshow that, on average, the relevance of comments made by womenis similar to those made by men. In connection with previous workfrom literature, the study also shows under-representation andlow participation of women in software projects, with only 22% ofcomments posted by women and 16% of issues reported by them.Finally, the data showed a discrepancy between women and menplatform participation time, being 2 to 9 years to the former, and4 to 10 years or more to the latter, with a direct impact on thewomen’s reputation.
Integração de Dados de Publicações Científicas usando uma Abordagem baseada em Ontologias
Authors: Paulo Andrade João , Cesar Nardi Julio , Borges Ruy Fabiano
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTData integration has gained increasing importance with the growingvolume of available data (so-called Big Data). It allows to putdata from different sources together in an aligned way, so meaningfulinformation can be extracted. Scientific publications are availablein several data sources along the Internet. Integrating data fromthese distributed sources faces a challenge, mainly if we considerthe heterogeneous aspects inherent to the structure/schema andthe semantics of data. This paper presents a semantic integrationinitiative for integrating data from three distinct scientific publicationsources into a shared repository. The integration processis conducted by a systematic approach that creates and applies awell-founded domain ontology to address the semantic aspects andto map concepts, relations, and data between the different datasources. As a final result, a web tool was built over the integratedrepository to support some final user queries.
Developing an automatic classifier of different plant genera of the subspecies Acer Palmatum
Authors: de Oliveira Schultz Ascari Rúbia Eliza , Casanova Dalcimar , Maria De Bortoli Fávero Eliane , De Souza Sagioratto Patrick , Caron Braun Vinicius
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTPlant species identification is a task of interdisciplinary interest,desirable in many contexts, such as gardening, botanical research,and agriculture. For some plant species such as the Acer Palmatum,the characteristics of leaves, petioles, and trunks can drasticallyvary among the different genera of the same subspecies. ComputerVision and Machine Learning research areas made possible thecreation of different classifiers trained to assist in species plantrecognition based on digital images. However, the success of thetraining of a classification model is directly linked to the qualityand adequacy of the dataset used. For the classification of AcerPalmatum plants, datasets composed of samples regarding the differentvarieties within this genus were not identified. Thus, in thispaper, we proposed the creation of a new dataset and of a classifierto support the identification of distinct plant genera of the subspeciesAcer Palmatum. We believe that our proposal aggregatesrelevant information not currently available, and will encouragefurther work aimed at automatically classifying between genera ofsome plant species which task is considered non-trivial even forexperienced growers.
Um Sistema baseado em IoT para Monitoramento da Saúde de Idosos e Detecção de Quedas
Authors: Nunes Siqueira Giseli , Max Amaro Amaral Eduardo , Resendo Colombi Leandro , Mutz Filipe
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe advancement of the internet to the paradigm of the Internetof Things (IoT) has brought to society new ways of generating,sharing and using information. The evolution of computing capacityand energy savings in IoT equipament combined with bettersoftware can enabled several new applications, among which wecan highlight the monitoring of people’s health through pervasivedevices connected to the body. In view of this, this work proposesan algorithm to detect atypical situations such as falls in the elderlyand other groups that need health care using accelerometerscontained in wearable devices, particularly smartwatches. For theexperimental evaluation of the proposed algorithm, a database thatcontains data from wearable sensors, environmental sensors, andvisual devices was employed. The metrics used in the evaluationwere accuracy, precision, recall and f1-score, with recall being themost relevant metric in the context. Results show that the bestconfiguration of the algorithm is able to identify falls with 96%recall and F1-score of 90%.