bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven State of Health Estimation for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Universal Feature Selection
Authors: Li Yimeng , Huang Pingyuan , Gao Li Ting , Zhao Chunwang , Guo Zhan-Sheng
Published: March 2023

A simple yet effective health indicator (HI)-based data-driven model forecasting the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and thus enabling their efficient management is developed. Five HIs with high physical significance and predictive power extracted from voltage, current, and temperature profiles are used as model inputs. The generalizability and robustness of the proposed ridge regression–based linear regularization model are assessed using three NASA datasets containing information on the behavior of batteries over a wide range of temperatures and discharge rates. The maximum mean absolute error, maximum root-mean-square error, and maximum mean absolute percentage error of the SOH for the three groups of batteries are determined as 0.7%, 0.86%, and 2.1%, respectively. Thus, the developed model exhibits high accuracy in estimating the SOH of LIBs under multiworking conditions and is sufficiently robust to be applicable to low-quality datasets obtained under other conditions.
Thin and Homogenous Surface Functionalization of Lithium Metal Anodes by Defined Molecular Treatment
Authors: Krauskopf Bastian , Otto Svenja-Katharina , Moryson Yannik , Hoffmann Florian , Sann Joachim , Janek Jürgen
Published: March 2023

The safe and stable utilization of lithium metal as an anode in rechargeable batteries is still a major challenge. One way to improve the performance of lithium anodes is the modification of its surface. Here we report two possible methods for lithium surface modification using a combination of tris(N,N-tetramethylene)phosphoric acid triamide and an alcohol for dip coating. The coatings lead to a thin and homogenous surface layer on the electrodes which causes diminished cell resistance and enhanced life time in symmetrical transference cells as well as enhanced capacity retention in Li-S batteries. Surface analyses by XPS and SIMS prove the incorporation of phosphorus and nitrogen into the SEI and the presence of highly lithium ion conductive Li3N.
Signal Integrity Assessment of GNRFET-Based Ternary Logic for Multi Layered GNR Interconnects with Dielectric Insertion
Authors: Kumar Mekala Girish , Rajeswari Malothu , Agrawal Yash , Chandel Rajeevan
Published: March 2023

In this paper, signal integrity assessment is carried out for graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor (GNRFET) based ternary logic with dielectric inserted multi-layered GNR (MLGNR) interconnects. The analyses are carried out for crosstalk effects and eye diagrams with and without shielding lines. In this paper firstly, it is observed that the dielectric inserted MLGNR interconnects show better than copper (Cu) and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) interconnects. Secondly, active shield technique is adopted, and observed that it exhibits better performance than without shield and passive shield techniques. Also, the power-delay product performance parameter is evaluated and envisaged that active shield technique outperforms passive technique. Further, the eye diagram analysis is carried out for different bit rates. The different performance analyses in the paper have been carried out for 10 nm technology node.
Isolation of Oral Bacteria, Measurement of the C‐Reactive Protein, and Blood Clinical Parameters in Dogs with Oral Tumor
Authors: Setthawongsin Chanokchon , Khunbutsri Duangdaow , Pisamai Sirinun , Raksajit Wuttinun , Ngamkala Suchanit , Jarudecha Thitichai , Meekhanon Nattakan , Rungsipipat Anudep
Published: March 2023

Canine oral cancers have a poor prognosis and are related to chronic inflammation. This may pose a risk of secondary bacterial infection. This study aimed to compare the bacteria isolated from oral swab samples, values of C‐reactive proteins (CRPs), and clinical blood profiles of dogs with and without oral mass. A total of 36 dogs were divided in three groups: no oral mass (n = 21), oral mass (n = 8), and metastasis groups (n = 7). Significantly, both the clinical groups (the oral mass group and metastasis group) showed anemia, a decrease in the albumin‐to‐globulin ratio (AGR), and an increase in the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), globulin‐to‐albumin ratio (GAR), CRP, and CRP‐to‐albumin ratio (CAR) compared to the normal group. CAR showed an increasing trend in the oral mass and metastasis groups (10 times and 100 times, respectively) compared to the no oral mass group (P < 0.001). Neisseria spp. (20.78%) was the main isolated bacteria in all groups. The main genera in the no oral mass group were Neisseria spp. (28.26%), Pasteurella spp. (19.57%), and Staphylococcus spp. (19.57%). Neisseria spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia spp. were found equally (12.5%) in the oral mass group. Escherichia spp. (26.67%), Pseudomonas spp. (13.33%), and Staphylococcus spp. (13.33%) were the main genera in the metastasis group. Interestingly, Neisseria spp. decreased in the clinical groups (Fisher’s exact = 6.39, P = 0.048), and Escherichia spp. increased in the metastasis group (Fisher’s exact = 14.00, P = 0.002). The difference of oral bacteria in clinical dogs compared to healthy dogs may be related to microbiome alterations, and both the clinical groups showed the increment of inflammatory biomarkers. This suggested that further studies should be conducted on the correlation between the specific bacteria, CRP, blood clinical parameters, and type of canine oral mass.
The Association between Unhealthy Food Consumption and Impaired Glucose Metabolism among Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Indonesian Population
Authors: Pramono Adriyan , Fitranti Deny Y. , Nugroho K. Heri , Sobirin M. Ali , Syauqy Ahmad
Published: March 2023

Background. It has been shown that dietary patterns are associated with glucose control. However, the association between the types of food consumed and blood glucose in overweight or obese individuals is still unclear. The present study aimed to determine the association between unhealthy food consumption and impaired glucose metabolism in adults with overweight or obesity. Methods. The analysis presented in this study was based on the data from a population-based, cross-sectional, nationally representative survey (Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018/RISKESDAS 2018). The body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg)/height squared (m2) and was determined based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for the Asian population. A validated questionnaire and food card were used to assess the diet. Fasting plasma glucose and 2-hpost-prandial glucose were employed to determine blood glucose markers. Results. In total, 8752 adults with overweight or obesity were included in this analysis. We found that consumption of sweet, grilled, and processed foods was associated with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) before and after adjustment (

p
<
0.05

). Consumption of high-fat foods was also associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) for all models tested (

p
<
0.05

). Furthermore, all models showed a link between processed food consumption and combined glucose intolerance (CGI) (

p
≤
0.001

). Conclusions. Differential food group consumption was associated with IFG, IGT, and CGI in Indonesian adults who were overweight or obese.
Pore-Throat Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Tight Sandstones: A Case Study from the Chang 63 Sublayer, Southeast Ordos Basin
Authors: Han Zhuo , Zhou Yanan , Wei Fanrong , Zhang Qian , Fan Pingtian , Deng Chao , Gong Jiantao , Cheng Xin , Ma Erping , Wu Hanning
Published: March 2023

The micropore-throat structure is a controlling factor on the capacity of storage and seepage for the tight sandstone reservoirs. Therefore, quantitatively analyzing the pore-throat structure is crucial for realizing the oil accumulated in the tight reservoirs. To study the micropore-throat, a battery of experiments such as casting thin sections, scanning electron microscopy, high-pressure mercury injection, and the petrophysical characteristics of reservoirs were conducted on ten samples gathered in the Late Triassic Chang 63 sublayer in the Southeast Ordos Basin, China. The main pore types of the samples are intergranular pores, feldspar dissolved pores, and intergranular dissolved pores. Meanwhile, the pore-throat structure of each sample was identified as large pores, medium pores, and small pores by combining the result of HPMI with fractal theory. The corresponding mean values of the fractal dimension

D

for large, medium, and small pores are 2.83, 2.69, and 2.31, respectively, indicating that the complex structure and strong heterogeneity were presented in the large pores according to the maximum fractal dimension. In addition, the fractal dimension of the medium pores (

D

P
−
2

) has a negative correlation with porosity, permeability, median pore-throat radius, maximum mercury saturation, mercury withdrawal efficiency, displacement pressure, and content of quartz, while a positive correlation with feldspar content, sorting coefficient, and coefficient of variation. Thus, the reservoir space and seepage capacity of all samples in this study were determined by the size, complexity, and distribution of the medium pores. Furthermore, the content of quartz contributes to the storage of the reservoir and the homogeneity of the pore-throat structure, thereby the storage capacity improves with the increase of quartz content. Feldspar dissolution pores are developed widely in the study area, leading to various pores with diverse types, sizes, complex structures, and large fractal dimensions. Although the storage capacity of tight sandstone reservoirs was enhanced with increasing feldspar content, the pore-throat structure complexity was also stronger, resulting in the reduction seepage capacity of fluid.
Fast and Accurate Deep Leakage from Gradients Based on Wasserstein Distance
Authors: He Xing , Peng Changgen , Tan Weijie
Published: March 2023

Shared gradients are widely used to protect the private information of training data in distributed machine learning systems. However, Deep Leakage from Gradients (DLG) research has found that private training data can be recovered from shared gradients. The DLG method still has some issues such as the “Exploding Gradient,” low attack success rate, and low fidelity of recovered data. In this study, a Wasserstein DLG method, named WDLG, is proposed; the theoretical analysis shows that under the premise that the output layer of the model has a “bias” term, predicting the “label” of the data by whether the “bias” is “negative” or not is independent of the approximation of the shared gradient, and thus, the label of the data can be recovered with 100% accuracy. In the proposed method, the Wasserstein distance is used to calculate the error loss between the shared gradient and the virtual gradient, which improves model training stability, solves the “Exploding Gradient” phenomenon, and improves the fidelity of the recovered data. Moreover, a large learning rate strategy is designed to improve model training convergence speed in‐depth. Finally, the WDLG method is validated on datasets from MNIST, Fashion MNIST, SVHN, CIFAR‐100, and LFW. Experiments results show that the proposed WDLG method provides more stable updates for virtual data, a higher attack success rate, faster model convergence, higher image fidelity during recovery, and support for designing large learning rate strategies.
Effects of Acetoin on Growth Performance, Digestive Function, Antioxidant Status, and Immune Capacity of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Cai Chunjing , Li Zhe , Lu Junhua , Wang Ying , Wang Chen , Li Pengfei , Wang Hui , Meng Wu , Chu Jie
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary acetoin on Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides). In 45 d of farming, the experimental diets were supplemented with 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.9% of acetoin levels, respectively. Results showed that the activities of lipase (LPS), amylase (AMS), and trypsin in fish fed with acetoin at 0.6% displayed the most obvious improvement compared with the other levels of acetoin (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, the incorporation of acetoin at 0.3% and 0.6% in Micropterus salmoides diet significantly enhanced the number of beneficial bacteria (such as Cetobacterium) and reduced the number of harmful bacteria (such as Proteobacteria) in the gut flora of Micropterus salmoides. Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and catalase (CAT) in the liver of the samples treated with acetoin at 0.6% were significantly higher than the control (

P
<
0.05

), while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the liver notably decreased with the increase of the addition amount of acetoin (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, the contents of IgA, IL-6, and TNF-α and the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) in the serum of the samples added with acetoin exhibited a concentration-dependent decline compared with the control (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, acetoin had potential feeding attraction effects on Micropterus salmoides, and the most suitable dose of dietary application was 0.6% acetoin, which can effectively improve the physiological characteristics and immune activity of Micropterus salmoides.
Real-Time Monitoring and Optimal Resource Allocation for Automated Container Terminals: A Digital Twin Application at the Yangshan Port
Authors: Ding Yi , Zhang Zhichao , Chen Kaimin , Ding Haoyi , Voss Stefan , Heilig Leonard , Chen Yue , Chen Xiazhong
Published: March 2023

Digital twins can facilitate high-fidelity representations of container terminals by applying various technologies and methods to better measure, understand, and improve operations. In this paper, a decision support system (DSS) based on digital twin and big data technologies is designed to demonstrate how real-time monitoring and an integrated decision support can be established. The DSS provides optimal operation plans and the benchmark for vessel delay early warnings through different resource allocation simulations at the planning level. It further enables real-time operational decision making through real-time monitoring and efficiency analyses using big data engines at the operational level. A case study is conducted for the ultralarge Yangshan Deepwater Automated Container Terminal Phase IV (ACT4) in Shanghai (China) and experimental results have revealed that the proposed digital twin-based DSS can help ACT4 operators to evaluate vessel service using optimized resource allocation plans and operations.
The Effects of a Sodium Carbonate Catalyst on Calorific Value, Flash Point, Cetane Index, and pH of Tire Pyrolysis Oil
Authors: Omwoyo Job Bosire , Mengo William
Published: March 2023

The large volume of tire waste generated globally poses a major waste disposal problem. In the natural environment, disposed of tires do not degrade easily, but they can be processed through pyrolysis, to get char, gas, and oil. In this study, tire pyrolysis was done using 0.00%, 1.50%, 2.50%, 5.00%, 7.50%, and 10.00% sodium carbonate catalyst in the feed material to produce oil. An evaluation of the effects of the catalyst on the cetane index, calorific value, pH level, and flash point of tire pyrolytic oil (TPO) was carried out since these are the essential properties in relation to safety in its handling and efficiency in engine performance and operation. There was a decrease in the calorific value by 3.09%, the flash point by 37.25%, and the cetane index by 71.2% with increasing catalyst percentage, while the pH was found to increase by 19.78% (between 0.00 and 5.00% sodium carbonate catalysts) and then decreased when more than 5.00% of the catalyst was employed. These results will provide theoretical information that will guide its handling and usage as fuel.
Deficiency of MicroRNA-23-27-24 Clusters Exhibits the Impairment of Myelination in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Tsuchikawa Yuji , Kamei Naosuke , Sanada Yohei , Nakamae Toshio , Harada Takahiro , Imaizumi Kazunori , Akimoto Takayuki , Miyaki Shigeru , Adachi Nobuo
Published: March 2023

Several microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-23 and miR-27a have been reportedly involved in regulating myelination in the central nervous system. Although miR-23 and miR-27a form clusters in vivo and the clustered miRNAs are known to perform complementary functions, the role of these miRNA clusters in myelination has not been studied. To investigate the role of miR-23-27-24 clusters in myelination, we generated miR-23-27-24 cluster knockout mice and evaluated myelination in the brain and spinal cord. Our results showed that 10-week-old knockout mice had reduced motor function in the hanging wire test compared to the wild-type mice. At 4 weeks, 10 weeks, and 12 months of age, knockout mice showed reduced myelination compared to wild-type mice. The expression levels of myelin basic protein and myelin proteolipid protein were also significantly lower in the knockout mice compared to the wild-type mice. Although differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to oligodendrocytes was not inhibited in the knockout mice, the percentage of oligodendrocytes expressing myelin basic protein was significantly lower in 4-week-old knockout mice than that in wild-type mice. Proteome analysis and western blotting showed increased expression of leucine-zipper-like transcription regulator 1 (LZTR1) and decreased expression of R-RAS and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) in the knockout mice. In summary, loss of miR-23-27-24 clusters reduces myelination and compromises motor functions in mice. Further, LZTR1, which regulates R-RAS upstream of the ERK1/2 pathway, a signal that promotes myelination, has been identified as a novel target of the miR-23-27-24 cluster in this study.
The Diversity of the Brains of Ray-Finned Fishes
Authors: Gebhardt Isabelle C. , Hofmann Michael H.
Published: March 2023

Brains are very plastic, both in response to phenotypic diversity and to larger evolutionary trends. Differences between taxa cannot be easily attributed to either factors. Comparative morphological data on higher taxonomic levels are scarce, especially in ray-finned fishes. Here we show the great diversity of brain areas of more than 150 species of ray-finned fishes by volumetric measurements using block-face imaging. We found that differences among families or orders are more likely due to environmental needs than to systematic position. Most notable changes are present in the brain areas processing sensory input (chemosenses and lateral line vs. visual system) between salt- and freshwater species due to fundamental differences in habitat properties. Further, some patterns of brain volumetry are linked to characteristics of body morphology. There is a positive correlation between cerebellum size and body depth, as well as the presence of a swim bladder. Since body morphology is linked to ecotypes and habitat selection, a complex character space of brain and body morphology and ecological factors together could explain better the differentiation of species into their ecological niches and may lead to a better understanding of how animals adapt to their environment.
Ornithodoros mimon colonizing a residence in Campinas, state of São Paulo, associated with human parasitism
Authors: Oliveira Glauber Meneses Barboza de , Soares Herbert Sousa , Labruna Marcelo Bahia , Martins Thiago Fernandes
Published: March 2023

Ornithodoros mimon is an argasid tick species usually associated with bats and marsupials and occasionally parasitizes humans inside their homes. This paper reports a tick infestation in a residence in the municipality of Campinas, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo (SP). This report increases O. mimon occurrence in SP and corroborates its anthropophilic activity. Further studies are needed to clarify its role as a vector of pathogens. We highlighted the presence of O. mimon in an area with a large human population (Campinas) associated with synanthropic animals.
Quantification of Precipitation and Latent Heating Associated with Northern Hemisphere Winter Extratropical Cyclones Using the GPM KuPR
Authors: Tsuji Hiroki , Takayabu Yukari N. , Tochimoto Eigo
Published: March 2023

The four-dimensional characteristics of precipitation and latent heating associated with Northern Hemisphere winter extratropical cyclones (ETCs) are quantitatively analyzed using over 1000 ETCs observed by the Ku-band radar on board the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory. We find that the maximum precipitation amount is observed before the minimum central pressure of ETCs (developing stage), independent of the deepening ratio. A key finding is that a cyclone in the developing stage has two large precipitation areas with contrasting precipitation characteristics. One is observed on the forward-left side of ETCs, collocating with warm fronts (Area X). The other is identified on the right-hand side of the ETC center in association with the warm sector and cold fronts (Area Y). These areas become unclear in the mature stage and disappear in the decaying stage. Many stratiform precipitation pixels weaker than 5 mm h−1 compose the large precipitation amount in Area X, with a stratiform-to-total precipitation ratio of more than 90%. In contrast, intense convective precipitation pixels of over 20 mm h−1 are observed about 3 times more in Area Y than in Area X, resulting in a stratiform-to-total precipitation ratio of 65%–80%. The most intense precipitation around ETCs is observed in this area. A larger latent heating maximum at 3.5-km altitude and a higher near-surface cooling rate in Area X result in a higher vertical heating gradient compared to Area Y. The contrasting characteristics between the two areas are more pronounced in the rapidly developing ETCs.

Significance Statement

Statistical analyses are conducted to elucidate the four-dimensional structures of precipitation and latent heating associated with more than 1000 Northern Hemisphere winter extratropical cyclones using data observed by the Ku-band radar on board the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory. The horizontal precipitation composite at the developing stage of the cyclones shows two areas with large precipitation amounts. One is characterized by a large amount of weak stratiform precipitation, and a higher vertical heating gradient, collocating with warm fronts. The other is characterized by intense convective precipitation in association with the warm sector and cold fronts. The quantitative information on precipitation and latent heating obtained from the observation of many cyclones is valuable for the validation of numerical simulation results.
Polar Low Motion and Track Characteristics over the North Atlantic
Authors: Yan Ziyu , Wang Zhuo , Peng Melinda , Ge Xuyang
Published: March 2023

Polar lows (PLs) are intense mesoscale cyclones over high-latitude oceans. The PL motion and track characteristics over the North Atlantic in the cold season are examined based on ∼1700 PLs during 1979–2016. Our analysis shows that PL motion is mainly controlled by the environmental flow in the lower troposphere. In particular, the steering flow defined over 950–550 hPa within a 450-km radius best matches the PL motion. Meanwhile, 700 hPa is an optimal single level to assess the steering flow. Cluster analysis based on a linear regression mixture model is utilized to describe the PL tracks. Four distinct clusters are identified, and they are characterized by northeastward motion (NE), eastward motion (E), southward motion (S), and slow motion without a dominating direction (SM), respectively. Although PLs in the four clusters have similar lifespans, SM-type PLs have much shorter tracks than the other clusters, due to their slow translation speeds. Further analysis shows that there are no distinctive geographic differences in genesis locations for the four clusters. The track differences can be largely explained by the associated synoptic-scale environmental circulations. Additionally, the S-type PLs tend to develop in a reverse shear environment, the NE-type and E-type PLs are associated with forward shear and left shear environments, respectively, while the SM-type PLs do not show a preference in the environmental shear. The link between the PL tracks and the North Atlantic weather regimes is also investigated. The NAO+ regime is associated with the most frequent PL occurrence over the North Atlantic, while the Scandinavian blocking regime is associated with lowest PL frequency.

Significance Statement

Polar lows (PLs) are intense mesoscale cyclones and pose hazards to high-latitude coastal areas. A better understanding of polar low motion can help improve polar low forecasts and reduce the hazardous impacts of the storms. Based on a PL track dataset over the North Atlantic basin during 1979–2016, it is found that PL motion is mainly controlled by the environmental flow in the lower troposphere and that the steering flow defined over 950–550 hPa within a 450-km radius best matches the PL motion. In addition, four distinct types of tracks are identified using cluster analysis, and they are characterized by northeastward motion, eastward motion, southward motion, and slow motion without a dominating direction, respectively. The different background flows can largely explain the propagation directions of different track types. Furthermore, the links between the PL motion and the North Atlantic weather regimes are also investigated.
Who Do I Want to Be Now That I’m Here? Refugee Entrepreneurs, Identity, and Acculturation
Authors: Jones Christensen Lisa , Newman Arielle
Published: March 2023

This article focuses on a subset of refugees who engage in entrepreneurship shortly after relocating to a new host community; it explores identity-related antecedents and integration consequences of different entrepreneurship strategies in the new location. It draws from acculturation psychology and founder identity theory to argue that, post-arrival, new refugees consider (a) how to prioritize the identity associated with their former life and (b) the degree of connection they desire in the host community. For some, these preferences drive heterogeneous entrepreneurial behaviors associated with different acculturation outcomes—including marginalization, separation, integration, and assimilation. Specifically, we describe two refugee entrepreneur identity management strategies: reinvention (distance from home country identity) and reinforcement (close connection to home country identity) and propose their different acculturation outcomes. The theory-based arguments emphasize how attending to identity preferences of refugees can improve stakeholder responses. The article also illustrates why refugee integration can remain elusive, as not all refugees with successful ventures integrate.
The New York Times in the face of fascism
Authors: Paniga Massimiliano
Published: March 2023

The aim of this article is to understand how the New York Times, one of the most important US newspapers, explained the events that set off the ascent of fascism to power in Italy. In particular, I will focus on the period between the march on Rome, after which Mussolini became Prime Minister, and 1925–1926, when a dictatorial turning point, a consolidated position not only in Italian historiography, was imposed on the country. In fact, the march on Rome revealed Mussolini for the first time to the American newspapers (he was previously an almost unknown political entity in the United States), before the infamous speech at the House of Deputies on June 3, 1925, following the assassination of Giacomo Matteotti and the fascistissime laws passed shortly after marked the end of freedom and democracy in Italy. How did the New York Times correspondents explain these events? I answer this question analyzing the most significant articles dedicated to the topic and focusing on the political and ideological stand of the newspaper and on the factors that led it to support the fascist regime at least until the late 1930s.
A Retrospective Case Series on Valproic Acid for Early Post-Traumatic Seizure Prophylaxis After Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients With Concomitant Agitation
Authors: Nicole Gilliam Diari , Sarangarm Preeyaporn , Elwood Kirsten
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Early post-traumatic seizures occur within 7 days following a traumatic brain injury and may lead to additional brain damage and poor outcomes. Levetiracetam or phenytoin is often used for seizure prophylaxis in this patient population, but valproic acid may be an appropriate therapeutic alternative in patients with concomitant agitation. Evidence for the use of valproic acid for both early post-traumatic seizure prophylaxis and agitation is limited. The purpose of this study is to examine the safety and efficacy of valproic acid for both early post-traumatic seizure prophylaxis and agitation. Methods: This single-center, retrospective case series includes 18 patients who received valproic acid for both early post-traumatic seizure prophylaxis and agitation. Efficacy for early post-traumatic seizure prophylaxis is assessed by the incidence of seizures within 7 days of injury. Efficacy for agitation is assessed by changes in Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale scores during valproic acid therapy. The safety of valproic acid is defined by the incidence of selected adverse events. Results: Among 18 patients with traumatic brain injuries receiving valproic acid for both early post-traumatic seizures and agitation, one patient experienced a seizure during the period of prophylaxis and thrombocytopenia was the most common adverse event. Conclusion: In this small cohort of patients, valproic acid appears be a potential option to prevent early post-traumatic seizures in patients with traumatic brain injuries and concomitant agitation with minimal adverse effects. Randomized, controlled studies are needed to further investigate the role of valproic acid for this indication, including standards for dosing regimens, serum drug monitoring, and the relationship between valproic acid treatment and mortality.
Investigating the making of organizational social responsibility as a polyphony of voices: A ventriloquial analysis of practitioners’ interactions
Authors: Poroli Alessandro , Cooren François
Published: March 2023

Though studies increasingly suggest nurturing a polyphonic and conflict-centered understanding of organizational social responsibility—referred to as CSR here—little is known about which voices make a difference (how and with what effect) when practitioners discuss CSR matters. Similarly, more work is needed on what and how tensions emerge in CSR planning, and how conflicts are addressed. By analyzing conversations with a ventriloquial framework, this research shows that CSR unfolds as different elements of a situation voice themselves as concerns. As the voices of these elements support seemingly incompatible actions, visibility, coherence, and performance tensions surface in interactions. Given that doing CSR consists in responding to concerns and conflicts originating from them, the needs practitioners experience may prompt them to (re)negotiate alternatives for action, balance diverging requests, and/or silence pressing issues to benefit other interests. This study enriches the understanding of CSR as polyphony by unveiling the centrality of voice inclusion–exclusion dynamics in how practitioners try to respond to the (ethical) value of the many conflict- and uncertainty-causing courses of action that manifest in interactions. It also provides insights on the nature of voice mobilization processes, which boost the ventriloquial perspective on organizing. Ultimately, by identifying the making of CSR as unfolding in interplays of voice invitation, mitigation, and shelving, it enhances CSR research by inviting scholars to spotlight more the variability and poly-dimensionality of doing CSR.
Reflections on Ed Schein's Teachings
Authors: Ayas Karen
Published: March 2023

In this essay I share my reflections on Ed Schein's teachings and his wisdom and insights from a career that spans half a century both as a scholar and a practitioner. I have been fortunate enough to meet Ed 25 years ago and work closely with him in what he considers one of his high spots in his career. Here I share the many lessons learned that have guided my approach to research, consulting and life.
State Mindfulness and Misinformation Susceptibility
Authors: Gordon Leamarie T. , Price Lauren
Published: March 2023

Two experiments examined whether brief mindful meditation exercises and belief in task utility impacted memory in the misinformation paradigm. Participants watched a fictionalized crime video, received post-event misinformation about the video, and completed a cued recall memory test. They were randomly assigned to complete either a brief mindfulness exercise or unrelated task prior to encoding the video (E1) or prior to the final cued recall test (E2). Further, half of the participants in each group were informed that their assigned task was beneficial to memory performance. In Experiment 1, information about task benefits reduced misinformation reports on the final recall test, regardless of the task. The brief mindfulness exercise increased self-reported mindfulness scores in both experiments. While no group differences in memory were found, correlational analyses across the two experiments suggest that individuals who achieve more intense states of mindfulness may have lower susceptibility to misinformation and better event memory when meditation occurs prior to encoding. The results suggest that brief mindfulness exercises can reliably increase state experiences of mindfulness and have potential for use as experimental manipulations. However, the intensity of a self-guided mindfulness experience can vary across individuals, so it is important to consider individual differences when considering the application of the exercises.
Grammatical categorization based on frequent frames in Persian child-directed speech
Authors: Omidkhoda Vajiheh , Alizadeh Ali , Kamyabi Gol Atiyeh
Published: March 2023

Previous research has revealed that distributional information obtained from child-directed speech could be informative for children when they are learning grammatical categories. Frequent frames are distributional units proposed by Mintz and explored by researchers in many languages with different typologies. This study investigated two parent–child corpora from the CHILDES database to determine frequent frames in Persian child-directed speech. To do so, a number of frequent frames in the two corpora and more specifically those which contained complex verbs were analyzed in detail. The results indicate that the accuracy of frequent frames in Persian (0.54) with some specific typological features is lower than that of English (0.91) at the word level due to the flexibility of the basic SOV order at the sentence level in Persian. It was also found that Persian frequent frames mostly included complex verbs. This evidence, along with the results of frames in categorizing words at this level, indicates that the accuracy of the frames is also affected by the fact that the subject position of verbs is mostly left vacant in Persian as a pro-drop language. That is why the non-finite forms of the verbs were taken into account when a verb was a part of the frames. The results also revealed that grammatical categories which mostly appeared in the context of frames were verbs, while the target words were nouns and adjectives.
Mindfulness and Relationships: A Special Issue on Recent Developments
Authors: Leavitt Chelom E. , Karremans Johan C.
Published: March 2023

This article serves as the conclusion of the special issue entitled “Mindfulness and Relationships.” The special issue includes nine research articles with authors and samples from a variety of countries. Romantic relationships between two heterosexual partners were studied most often in the special issue articles, but studies also focused on family relationships, friendships, and relationships between strangers. This article provides a summary of the special issue and the associations between mindfulness and relationships. The article concludes with the special issue editors’ reflections on the current and future direction of research on mindfulness and relationships of all types.
Innovation Salons – Events for dialogical knowledge transfer between civil society and higher education institutions
Authors: Schmidt Suntje , Stadermann Julia
Published: March 2023

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are recognised as generators for innovative solution relevant for shaping socio-economic transformation processes, for which knowledge transfer plays a crucial role. However, innovation studies demonstrate that innovative solutions, for example, in form of social innovation are generated by a wide variety of creative, social, or cultural actors with little or no integration of HEIs. Several regions and countries, therefore, recently set up innovation strategies that foster new forms of collaboration among societal actors and HEIs. The German Ministry for Education and Research developed the ‘Innovative Hochschule’ programme for initiating and testing new knowledge transfer instruments of HEIs to reach out to and interact with a broader society. Within this scope we developed ‘Innovation Salons’ as an instrument for dialogical knowledge transfer that helps regional HEIs to tie in with and unfold agency in ongoing regional (social) innovation processes. This paper introduces a pilot Innovation Salon as a potential approach for how HEIs may reach out to a-typical innovation actors for shaping social and problem-centred regional innovation processes. Key conclusions underline the importance of scouting for ongoing processes of generating novel regional solutions and of curating the interaction between social society actors and HEIs.
Continuous Network Design Using Partial Linearized Subgradient Methods
Authors: Kalantari Navid , Mirzahossein Hamid , Najafi Pooyan , Waller Travis , Zhang Xiang
Published: March 2023

Although demand management has shown to be a vital tool in managing congestion, many metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) and departments of transportation (DOTs) still pursue network modification and capacity increase as a congestion relief and a mitigation measure. The network design problem (NDP) still has, therefore, an essential and significant role in shaping and sizing urban transportation networks. The literature has traditionally treated the NDP as a bi-level mathematical programming problem or a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC). In the bi-level optimization setting, the problem is approached as a leader-follower problem in which the lower level is a user equilibrium (UE) assignment problem as the follower, and the upper level is the network sizing problem as the leader problem. NDP has long been known as a challenging problem, and many solution algorithms have been proposed to solve it. This study proposed an efficient solution algorithm for the continuous network design problem (CNDP). The solution algorithm has been shown empirically to solve the CNDP in a shorter time using partial linearized subgradient methods. The proposed method was applied to a small network that was traditionally used to evaluate the performance of solution algorithms versus Braess’s paradox. It was then applied to the Sioux Falls network as a well-known benchmark network to compare the results with previous studies. The proposed method has been shown to run much faster than all the previous studies reviewed in this paper with minimal degradation of accuracy (0.52% lower than the best solution).
Family Conceptions at the Intersection of Feminism, Public Health, and Nationalism in Czechoslovakia (1918–1939)
Authors: Nešt‘áková Denisa
Published: March 2023

Even the seemingly liberal Czechoslovak political elites were anxious about the notion of depopulation, and feared the death of the nation, which led them to disregard the societal need for modernizing family planning. At the same time, Czechoslovak women experts were significantly involved in debates on conceptions of the family. They fueled debates on the sexual liberation of women in Czechoslovakia not as a matter of ideology or morality, but as a matter of public health, social justice, and reproductive rights. This paper aims to look at these women experts and their active role in academic debates on Czechoslovak policies on family and reproduction. Looking at the case of Czechoslovakia, as a non-Western country, this article then discusses the issues of the marginalization of women's activism and feminism in the East. The article suggests that, by applying a decolonial lens, a broader inclusion of the history of feminism of non-Western women can be achieved.
Long-term arteriovenous fistula prognosis for maintenance hemodialysis patients who accepted PIRRT by using arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Wei Suijiao , Jiao Jing , Yu Yan , Tian Xiujuan , Yang Xiaoxia , Feng Shidong , Li Yajuan , Zhang Peng , Bai Ming
Published: March 2023

Background:

Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are often admitted to the hospital for severe morbidities. Prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) is required during the hospital staying. There are controversial opinions on the use of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as vascular access for PIRRT in MHD patients.

Methods:

Patients with AVF who accepted PIRRT in our center between January 2014 and June 2021 were retrospectively screened. AVF dysfunction and patient mortality were assessed as endpoints. Univariate and multivariate regression models were employed to identify the risk factors of AVF dysfunction.

Results:

About 162 patients were included in our present study. Twenty-six experienced AVF dysfunction, of whom 53.8%, 19.2%, and 27.0% had percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty, surgical revision, and AVF reconstruction, respectively. The accumulated AVF dysfunction rates were 11.8%, 16.2%, and 21.0% in 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that smoking (HR 2.750, 95% CI 1.181–6.402, p = 0.019), higher platelet (PLT, HR 1.009, 95% CI 1.000–1.017, p = 0.047), higher prothrombin activity (PTA, HR 1.039, 95% CI 1.012–1.066, p = 0.004), and lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP, HR 0.963, 95% CI 0.932–0.996, p = 0.026) were independent risk factors for AVF dysfunction. During the follow-up period, 37 patients died.

Conclusions:

Overall, the use of AVF for PIRRT might not dramatically increase the incidence of AVF dysfunction. And, Smoking, lower DBP, higher PLT, and higher PTA were associated with increased AVF dysfunction.
Single Room Maternity Care Versus Traditional Maternity Care: A Cross-Sectional Study Examining Differences in Mothers’ Perceptions of Readiness for Discharge and Satisfaction and Health Outcomes
Authors: Hall Marc , Afzal Arfan , White Deborah E.
Published: March 2023

Background

Single room maternity care (SRMC) includes all aspects of the birth process (labour, delivery, postpartum) in a single room with a consistent team of healthcare providers. Traditional maternity care (TMC) involves having mothers labouring and delivering their baby in one room and then transferring to a room on another unit, which also means a transition in providers. Although many hospitals have transitioned to SRMC, there has been limited evidence to support their development.

Methods

This study was conducted in two large hospitals (one offering SRMC, the other TMC) in Western Canada. A cross-sectional between-subjects design was used to compare differences between SRMC and TMC. New mothers were asked to complete validated questionnaires. Health information was collected from administrative and health databases. The main outcomes included readiness for hospital discharge, mothers’ satisfaction, newborn length of stay, and mother length of stay. Several covariates were examined.

Results

In total, 506 (292 SRMC; 214 TMC) mothers participated. Readiness for discharge and maternal satisfaction were significantly higher in SRMC. Although newborn and mother length of stay were significantly reduced in SRMC compared to TMC for univariate tests, mother length of stay was not significantly different when adjusting for other variables.

Conclusions

There are positive health and psychosocial outcomes for mothers and newborns in the SRMC model of care compared to TMC. Since readiness for discharge and satisfaction are associated with positive maternal-infant interactions and transitions to community, SRMC could be the better approach. Further research should examine healthcare provider outcomes and implementation costs.
Influence of Defatting and Pasteurization on Nutrients and Oxidative Stress Markers in Human Milk
Authors: D’Alessandro Annamaria , Pastore Anna , Amadio Patrizia , D’Agostini Matteo , Terreri Sara , Carsetti Rita , Argentieri Marta , Bernaschi Paola , Onetti Muda Andrea , Porzio Ottavia , Dotta Andrea , Salvatori Guglielmo
Published: March 2023

Background:

It is well known that the best nutritional option for infants is human milk, and that when breastfeeding is not possible, human milk banks are a possible alternative. However, in the case of infants with fat transport disorder like chylothorax, defatting of human milk is mandatory.

Research Aim:

The aim of the study was to reduce milk fat content without reducing other nutrients, increasing oxidative stress, or introducing harmful microorganisms.

Methods:

In this prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, we examined the influence of defatting and pasteurization of 50 donor samples on fat, macro- and micronutrients, as well as on oxidative stress markers.

Results:

Low-temperature centrifugation proved to be very efficient in defatting, reducing the concentration of triglycerides by 85% and cholesterol by 50%. The macronutrients (proteins, albumin, and Immunoglobulin A) did not undergo significant changes due to defatting and pasteurization procedures, while iron decreased by 36%. However, as the majority of iron is retained, this result does not remarkably change the milk composition. Furthermore, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels were unchanged, and the milk result was microbiologically safe.

Conclusions:

Cold milk centrifugation proved to be an effective technique that allows the reduction of human milk lipids. The determination of triglycerides and cholesterol can be used as an indicator of skimming. This procedure is not accompanied by substantial modifications of other components present in the milk.