bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance/accuracy trade-offs of floating-point arithmetic on NVidia GPUs : from a characterization to an auto-tuner
Authors:   , Surineni Sruthikesh
Published: April 2021

Floating-point computations produce approximate results, possibly leading to inaccuracy and reproducibility problems. Existing work addresses two issues: first, the design of high precision floating-point representations, and second, the study of methods to support a trade-off between accuracy and performance of central processing unit (CPU) applications. However, a comprehensive study of trade-offs between accuracy and performance on modern graphic processing units (GPUs) is missing. This thesis covers the use of different floating-point precisions (i.e., single and double floating-point precision) in the IEEE 754 standard, the GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library (GMP), and composite floating-point precision on a GPU using a variety of synthetic and real-world benchmark applications. First, we analyze the support for a single and double precision floating-point arithmetic on the considered GPU architectures, and we characterize the latencies of all floating-point instructions on GPU. Second, a study is presented on the performance/accuracy tradeoffs related to the use of different arithmetic precisions on addition, multiplication, division, and natural exponential function. Third, an analysis is given on the combined use of different arithmetic operations on three benchmark applications characterized by different instruction mixes and arithmetic intensities. As a result of this analysis, a novel auto tuner was designed in order to select the arithmetic precision of a GPU program leading to a better performance and accuracy tradeoff depending on the arithmetic operations and math functions used in the program and the degree of multithreading of the code.
Energy-aware mobile edge computing for low-latency visual data processing
Authors:   , Trinh Huy
Published: April 2021

New paradigms such as Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) are becoming feasible for use in e.g., real-time decision-making during disaster incident response to handle the data deluge occurring in the network edge. However, MEC deployments today lack flexible IoT device data handling such as e.g., handling user preferences for real-time versus energy-efficient processing. Moreover, MEC can also benefit from a policy based edge routing to handle sustained performance levels with efficient energy consumption. In this thesis, we study the potential of MEC to address application issues related to energy management on constrained IoT devices with limited power sources, while also providing low-latency processing of visual data being generated at high resolutions. Using a facial recognition application that is important in disaster incident response scenarios, we propose a novel 'offload decision-making' algorithm that analyzes the tradeoffs in computing policies to offload visual data processing (i.e., to an edge cloud or a core cloud) at low-to-high workloads. This algorithm also analyzes the impact on energy consumption in the decision-making under different visual data consumption requirements (i.e., users with thick clients or thin clients). To address the processing-throughput versus energy-efficiency tradeoffs, we propose a â€˜Sustainable Policy-based Intelligence-Driven Edge Routing' (SPIDER) algorithm that uses machine learning within Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). This algorithm improves the geographic routing baseline performance (i.e., minimizes impact of local minima) for performance sustainability, and enables easy/flexible policy specification. We evaluate our proposed algorithms by conducting experiments on a realistic edge and core cloud testbed, and recreate disaster scenes of tornado damages (occurred in Joplin, MO in 2011) within simulations. From our empirical results obtained from experiments with a facial recognition application in the GENI Cloud testbed, we show how MEC can provide flexibility to users who desire energy conservation over low-latency or vice versa in the visual data processing. Our NS-3 based simulation results show that our routing approach is more sustainable in terms of throughput, more energy-efficient and flexible than existing solutions to handle diverse user preferences under high node mobility and severe node failure conditions.
Effects of expressing emotion and altering loco color in organizational crisis responses
Authors:   , Won Jiyoung
Published: April 2021

A crisis is inevitable. Any organization needs crisis communication plans and response strategies to protect themselves from reputational damage. This study examines whether employing sadness-expressive words and black-and-white logos in crisis response messages can be an effective strategy that leads to a more positive organizational reputation in the wake of a crisis. A 2 (emotion: presence of sadness vs. absence) x 2 (logo color: standard vs. black-and-white) within-subject factorial experiment was conducted with 188 participants. The experimental stimuli were crisis response messages in the form of Facebook posts from four existing airline companies, including Air France, Malaysia Airlines, AirAsia, and Germanwings, in response to their real-life crisis incidents. Participants were introduced to each crisis (a total of 4) through a news article developed from a previously published story. Then, after each article reporting on the airline crisis, they were exposed to a response message from the airline. The findings show that when organizations express sadness in their messages, their sad emotion is transferred to the readers and leads to a higher organizational reputation and behavioral intention. Also, the use of a black-and-white logo in the context of sadness-present crisis response messages results in a better organizational reputation.
Semi-automatic exploratory data analytics for actionable discoveries through subgroup mining
Authors:   , Liu Danlu
Published: April 2021

People are born with the curiosity to see differences between groups. These differences are useful for understanding the root causes of certain discrepancies, such as populations and diseases. However, without prior knowledge of the data, it is extremely challenging to identify which groups differ most, let alone to discover what associations contribute to the differences. The challenges are mainly from the large searching space with complex data structure, as well as the lack of efficient quantitative measurements that are closely related to the meaning the differences. To tackle these issues, we developed a novel exploratory data mining method to identify ranked subgroups that are highly contrasted for further in-depth analyses. The underpinning components of this method include (1) a semi-greedy forward floating selection algorithm to reduce the search space, (2) a deep-exploring approach to aggregate a collection of sizable and creditable candidate feature sets for subgroups identification using in-memory computing techniques, (3) a G-index contrast measurement to guide the exploratory process and to evaluate the patterns of subgroup pairs, and (4) a ranking method to provide mined results from highly contrasted subgroups. Computational experiments were conducted on both synthesized and real data. The algorithm performed adequately in recognizing known subgroups and discovering new and unexpected subgroups. This exploratory data analysis method will provide a new paradigm to select data-driven hypotheses that will produce potentially successful actionable outcomes to tailor to subpopulations of individuals, such as consumers in E-commerce and patients in clinical trials.
Computational study of infrared spectra of silica polymorphs via classical mechanics
Authors:   , Guo Jiasen
Published: April 2021

A potential energy model that correctly reflects zeolite framework interactions is the premise for computational studies of the physical and chemical processes occurring inside zeolites, such as catalytic chemical reactions and adsorption. Infrared spectroscopy is a widely-used technique that is sensitive to the accuracy of the potential energy model. This work aims to develop such a potential that reproduces the infrared spectra of zeolites. In the first part of this thesis, the performance of two published potentials is tested in terms of predicting structural and dynamical properties for five silica polymorphs (three siliceous zeolites: siliceous faujasite, sodalite and silicalite; quartz; and cristobalite). Comparison between the silica polymorphs' model-predicted equilibrium angle distributions and infrared spectra shows that the core-shell model [Schroeder and Sauer, J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 11043] predicts a broader Si-O-Si angle distribution and shifts angle-bending infrared modes to lower wavenumbers. The MZHB potential [Sahoo and Nair, J. Comput. Chem. 2015, 36, 1562], on the other hand, predicts angle-bending infrared modes that are consistently shifted to higher wavenumbers. The second part of this thesis presents a new potential via reparameterizing and extending the MZHB potential based on a sensitivity analysis, which investigates the relationships between model parameters and the structural properties of silica polymorphs. Better infrared predictions are achieved by the new potential. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that the lattice parameter might be a possible target for the parameterization of atomic partial charges for crystalline materials.
A STUDY OF ATTITUDE, AWARENESS AND PRACTICE ON FEMALE FETICIDE OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN BIKANER OF RAJASTHAN
Authors: Saxena Medha Mani , Saxena Ruchi
Published: April 2021

Background: Female feticide has been a big social problem in all the states of India. There is a male child preference by pregnant women including their family members. Thus this study aimed to assess attitude and awareness on female feticide.

Methods: The present study was conducted in ANC center of Medical college Hospital, Bikaner of Rajasthan in 500 pregnant women (250 rural and 250 Urban) .

Results: Out of 500 pregnant women 62% had shown no gender preference, 23% preferred male child and 15% had preferred to have female child. Regarding awareness, 88% and 90% women knew that prenatal sex determination and female feticide are illegal respectively.

Conclusions: Being the civilized citizens, it is our duty to raise voice against the declining sex ratio and killing of girl child. Being a woman it is our primary duty as well as concern to come forward to stop this menace.

Keywords: Female feticide, Attitude, Awareness, Practice, Pregnant women
A CROSS SECTION STUDY ON IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS
Authors: Saxena Medha Mani , Saxena Ruchi
Published: April 2021

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia and is one of the leading risk factors for disability and death worldwide, affecting an estimated 2 billion people

Methods: This was cross-sectional study. All the adolescent girls who were given consent to hemoglobin estimation were included in the study.

Results: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls was found as73.6%. Out of 736 anemic girls, 536 girls were suffering from mild degree of anemia and 173 girls were having moderate degree of anemia. Only 27 girl was found severely anemic.

Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls is alarmingly high in India.

Keywords: Prevalence, Anemia, Adolescent.
DETERMINING BASELINE BLOOD PRESSSURE IN PATIENTS FOR ELECTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES AT VARIOUS PRE-ANESTHETIC VISITS
Authors: Kundnani Poonam , Vishandasani Jogesh Kumar , Kabre Jyotsana , Vatsalya Tripti
Published: April 2021

Background: Blood pressure (BP) is volatile in nature and also it affects post-operative outcomes therefore, regular perioperative BP monitoring is essential. Intraoperative variability of BP is permitted in range and proportion to baseline BP according to various guidelines. Pre-operatively BP is measured many times and it is highly variable. In this study we attempt to predict which pre-operative BP can be used as reference during intraoperative monitoring.      

Methods: This observational study was conducted at hamidia hospital, Bhopal. 260 normotensive patients undergoing elective surgery who got clearance during PAC were enrolled. BP was measured by gold standard mercury sphygmomanometer in PAC clinic (PAC1), review PAC one day prior to surgery (PAC2), morning BP in preoperative room (POR) and inside OT room (IOR) before surgery.   

Results: In 260 enrolled patients males were slightly predominant 52.31%. Mean age was 34.68±11.63 years. Mean of Systolic BP (SBP) during PAC1, PAC2, Morning BP in POR and IOR prior surgery were 122.85±8.24, 118.18±8.08, 123.06±8.24 and 135.73±10.24 respectively and was significant (P<0.001). Mean of heart rate (HR/minute) during PAC1, PAC2, Morning BP in POR and IOR prior surgery were 79.77±7.22, 78.90±7.44, 80.40±7.49 and 89.15±7.60 respectively and was significant (P<0.001).

Conclusions: Aaaaaa Due to stress of surgery SBP and HR were significantly higher in IOR just prior surgery. Also, BP of PAC2 at ward was lowest though not significantly lower than BP in PAC1 or POR. Thus, BP of PAC2 can be used as an ideal reference BP but larger study is required for further generalization.

Keywords: Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Mean Blood Pressure
A INFLUÊNCIA DA GEOGRAFIA NAS "VIAGENS EXTRAORDINÁRIAS" DE JÚLIO VERNE (1828 – 1905): A NATUREZA E A PAISAGEM EM ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT (1769 – 1859)
Authors: Barreto Emerson Luiz Felix , Gonçalves Junior Francisco De Assis
Published: April 2021

Júlio Verne (1828 – 1905) foi um escritor francês que escreveu mais de 100 obras durante seus 77 anos de vida, suas histórias ficaram conhecidas como “viagens extraordinárias” e ganharam fama e prestigio pelo mundo. Verne apresentou ao mundo aventuras carregadas de conteúdo científico e geográfico percebido nas relações de seus personagens com a natureza e a sociedade. Considerando que no tempo em que Verne viveu a ciência e a geografia francesa alinhavam-se quase que exclusivamente aos anseios imperialistas da França e que este fato limitava o interpretar geográfico a um plano essencialmente descritivo e de localização cartográfica dos recursos naturais das colônias, entendemos que os escritos de cunho geográfico de Verne representam alguns dos primeiros indícios de uma superação.  Assim, destacamos em nossa pesquisa que Verne se aproxima muito mais de uma geografia alemã de matriz humboldtiana a partir de uma leitura de paisagem que mesclava arte e ciência do que de uma geografia francesa colonialista. Nesse sentido, a partir da hermenêutica filosófica buscamos interpretar os escritos de Júlio Verne, aliando-se também a geosofia para estabelecer uma correlação entre Verne e a epistemologia da geografia. Palavras-chave: Júlio Verne; Literatura; Geografia Moderna; Paisagem Geográfica.
IMPLICAÇÕES SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DO MODERNO AGRONEGÓCIO SUCROENERGÉTICO E VULNERABILIDADE TERRITORIAL NO BRASIL: SUSTENTABILIDADE PARA QUE E PARA QUEM?
Authors: Santos Henrique Faria dos , Drezza Marina Betetto
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as implicações socioambientais provocada pela expansão recente do agronegócio sucroenergético no território brasileiro, tendo como perspectiva que o processo de modernização produtiva não foi capaz de eliminar os impactos historicamente ligados ao setor e, portanto, resultar em plena sustentabilidade socioambiental. Ao contrário do que dizem representantes das empresas e do Estado, o setor continua a gerar vários danos sociais e ambientais nas Regiões Produtivas do Agronegócio Sucroenergético (RPAS), conforme atestam os estudos acadêmicos, notícias e reportagens da imprensa sobre denúncias, investigações, multas e condenações de agentes do setor envolvidos em irregularidades.
A ATUAÇÃO DAS COOPERATIVAS AGROPECUÁRIAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE NEPOMUCENO-MG
Authors: Vilas Boas Lucas Guedes
Published: April 2021

O município de Nepomuceno está localizado na região de planejamento Sul de Minas e sua economia se baseia agricultura, com destaque para o setor cafeeiro. Assim, o objetivo do artigo é discutir a atuação das cooperativas na agropecuária nepomucenense. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica, a análise documental, o trabalho de campo e as entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos cafeicultores locais vende sua produção para as cooperativas atuantes no município, as quais revendem os grãos colhidos pelos agricultores para o Brasil e outros países. Destarte, as cooperativas, por intermédio dos serviços ofertados aos associados, assumem o papel de agentes que promovem a inserção da agricultura familiar no modo de produção capitalista e constituem a expressão do agronegócio em Nepomuceno.
IMPOSIÇÃO DE NOVOS EMPREENDIMENTOS: UMA DESAPROPRIAÇÃO PATRIMONIAL DOS ESPAÇOS - O CASO DA VILA CASONI LONDRINA/PR.
Authors: Oliveira Caroline Santos de , Antonello Ideni Terezinha
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como abordagem principal o modo capitalista de produção dos espaços e a imposição de novos empreendimentos, bem como suas interferências no que se refere ao patrimônio histórico da paisagem cultural e seu valor afetivo para com os habitantes. Enquanto objeto de análise e estudo de caso, tem-se a delimitação inicial do loteamento que originou a Vila Casoni, na cidade de Londrina (PR), a partir de 1936. Entende-se, desta maneira, a formação do bairro como meio através do qual pode se exemplificar a cultura da constituição da cidade, refletindo, assim, costumes, crenças e propriedades socioeconômicas das regiões e de seus habitantes no período de conformação de Londrina. Compreender o surgimento da urbe permeia reconhecer o processo de projeção dos indivíduos no cenário urbano; e consequentemente, entender a paisagem cultural enquanto um perfil antropomórfico do espaço, isto é, a transposição das identidades humanas à composição formal dos lugares. Desta maneira, torna-se de demasiada importância identificar patrimônios a serem preservados e resguardados do meio de produção capitalista e suas consequências impositivas no espaço. Resultados de levantamento de campo e entrevistas demonstram características morfológicas, impregnadas de afetividades e costumes, na paisagem cultural, bem como a interferência de empreendimentos disformes à imaginabilidade do bairro Vila Casoni e seu caráter patrimonial.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ATUAÇÃO DOS INGLESES NO PRELÚDIO DO SURGIMENTO DE LONDRINA PR
Authors: Cunha Fábio César Alves da
Published: April 2021

O estudo foca na atuação dos ingleses antes do início do desbravamento pela Companhia de Terras Norte do Paraná – CTNP na região de Londrina. Evidencia suas relações com as esferas federal e estadual do governo brasileiro, esclarecendo fatos como um forjado convite por parte do governo do Brasil, o objetivo de iniciar um empreendimento imobiliário, as concessões exigidas por parte dos empreendedores ingleses, as expedições iniciais e a verdadeira data da chegada da caravana pioneira em terras da CTNP.
EFEITOS TERRITORIAIS DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DOS ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS PELO INCRA NA DINÂMICA SOCIOECONÔMICA LOCAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAIAPÔNIA-GO
Authors: Da Silva Santiago Soares , Clemente Evandro César
Published: April 2021

A criação dos Assentamentos Rurais no Brasil não deve ser concebida meramente como compensação social, eles também são importantes por trazerem relevantes efeitos no território e, inclusive para a dinamização da economia local, trazendo benefícios econômicos e sociais como ocupação e renda para muitas famílias, além de aquecer o setor de comércio e serviços. Neste sentido, o presente artigo visa estudar os efeitos à dinâmica socioeconômica local do município de Caiapônia – GO. Para a consecução do estudo foram aplicados formulários a 10% das famílias assentadas pelo INCRA em Caiapônia e também foram realizadas entrevistas com comerciantes. Os resultados indicam que os assentamentos geraram oportunidades de ocupação e renda às famílias assentadas, que por sua vez, detectou-se que estas optam por realizar suas compras no comércio do município, inclusive há à percepção dos comerciantes pesquisados que a criação dos assentamentos fomentou a economia local. Todavia, foi verificado que algumas das famílias, em razão de fatores variados, optam por comprar no comércio de municípios vizinhos, seja pela  localização geográfica e/ ou por ser o município de origem da família. Palavras-chave: Assentamentos Rurais.  Efeitos socioeconômicos, transformações territoriais
First distributional record of sixteen Coral associated fish species from Saint Martin’s island, Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Shilpi , Shamsunnahar - , Sehrin Subrina , Sarker Anirban , Habib Kazi Ahsan , Baki Mohammad Abdul
Published: April 2021

The Bangladeshi reef fish species have not been studied thoroughly. An attempt has been made for taxonomic identification of coral-associated fish through morphological studies. Mostly dead and few live fishes were collected from local fishermen, fish landing zone, and fish markets in St. Martin’s Island, Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, from October 2015 to July 2016, visiting seven times. Samples were also obtained from local boys who collected fishes by using hook and line. The study recorded the first occurrence of 16 coral-associated fish species such as Caesio cuning, Lethrinus ornatus, Upeneus suahelicus, Upeneus asymmetricus, Scarus taeniopterus, Scarus zufar, Bodianus neilli, Parapercis clathrata, Parapercis diplospilus, Pomadasys furcatus, Siganus fuscescens, Acanthopagrus berda, Gerres erythrourus, Lagocephalus spadiceus, Psettodes bennettii, and Heteroconger perissodon. Among them, Parapercis clathrata, Parapercis diplospilus belongs to the family Pinguipedidae before, no species was recorded under this family from Bangladesh and a rare and endemic species, Scarus zufar, of the Arabian Sea off Dhofar (Zufar), Oman in the Western Indian Ocean, was recorded for the first time in the Northern Indian Ocean in the northeastern part of Bay of Bengal. This study increased the number of coral-associated fish from 240 to 256 species and the number of families from 54 to 55 in the coral reef ecosystem of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 263-288, 2020
Diversity and population density of birds at the Jahangirnagar University campus, Bangladesh
Authors: Das Delip K , Feeroz Mohammad Mostafa , Begum Sajeda
Published: April 2021

Rapid urbanization is changing the habitats of many wildlife species. Even so, certain species appear to adapt and now have thriving populations within cities. To look at the capacity for these spaces to provide “habitat” we examined population density of bird species using Jahangirnagar University campus close to the Dhaka mega city, Bangladesh. Four strip transects were surveyed from March 2008 to February 2009 (12 times/transect). A total of 101 species were found along the transect areas. The density of Lesser Whistling Duck (Dendrocygna javanica) was the highest 107.02indiv. /ha while Large-tailed Nightjar (Caprimulgus macrurus) was the lowest 0.01indiv. /ha among resident birds of Jahangirnagar University campus. Among the migratory birds, the density of Pintail Snipe (Gallinago stenura) and Common Stonechat (Saxicola torquata) were the highest (1.99indiv. /ha.) and the lowest (0.02indiv. /ha.), of the different available habitats, water bodies contained the highest density (318.59indiv. /ha) and grassland contained the lowest (2.48indiv./ha) of bird population. The percentage of average density of non-passerine and passerine birds was 65% and 35%, respectively. Future studies of avian composition and density is recommended at a regular interval to understand changes in the carrying capacity and avian community of the campus as a function of altering habitat due urbanization.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 289-300, 2020
Occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis in rural areas adjacent to Dhaka city
Authors: Fahria Laila , Begum Aleya , Mukutmoni Mandira
Published: April 2021

The present study was designed to investigate Strongyloides stercoralis infection in rural communities of Savar and Gazipur. A total of 160 stool samples were collected from the inhabitants of the study areas during December 2016 to November 2017. The samples were processed by direct smear, formol-ether concentration technique and Harada-Mori culture. The overall prevalence of S. stercoralis was 10.63%; 11% in Savar and 10% in Gazipur. The elderly people were more prone to S. stercoralis infection. No respondent belonging to age group of 11-20 years was found positive for infection. Poor educational status, inferior financial condition and inadequate hygiene practice were found as potential risk factors (P<0.05). Noticeable prevalence was observed among the respondents living in mud floored house (13.46%), irregular nail clippers (22.73%), bare footers (14.89%) and laborers (27.27%) in Savar. Prevalence was high among the respondents deprived of institutional education (17.86%) in Gazipur.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 313-320, 2020
Urinary tract infection among the outpatients of a diagnostic center in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rustom Sonia , Zaman Rimi Farhana , Barua Priyanka , Khanum Hamida
Published: April 2021

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common bacterial infections occurring in the community and in hospitals of Bangladesh. A total of 300 urine samples were tested for UTI among which 100 were from children (age 1-15 years), 100 from adult female (16-75 years) and 100 from adult male (16-75 years). Out of 300, 126 samples were found positive for UTI (42%). The highest prevalence was observed among adult female (64%) followed by male and children (31% each). According to age groups, the highest prevalence was observed in female aged 16-35 years (70.73%) followed by female of 36-55 years (62.5%) and 56-75 years (52.63%). The highest prevalence for children was observed in age group 11-15 years (33.33%) and for adult male, it was 16-35 years (34.88%). The highest prevalence for adult female and male was observed in summer (66.67% and 38% respectively). The current study confirmed that Bangladeshi women and children are more vulnerable to UTI than Bangladeshi men. Regardless of age, women were more prone to UTI and the prevalence was highest in summer.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 347-356, 2020
Seasonal dynamics of bean aphids and its relationship with the abundance of Lady Bird Beetles
Authors: Sharmin Mohsen Ara , Amin Md Ruhul , Miah Md Ramiz Uddin , Akanda Abdul Mannan
Published: April 2021

The seasonal dynamics of aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on four bean species namely country bean Lablab purpureus, yard long bean Vigna sesquipedalis, hyacinth bean Dolichos lablab and bush bean Phaseolus vulgaris were studied from September to December 2017 in the experimental field of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The study also investigated the relationship between the abundance of aphid and its predatory insect lady bird beetle. Aphid abundance on the bean species showed increasing trend from the 4th week of September and reached to the peak during the 2nd week of November and then declined. Bush bean and yard long bean, respectively depicted the higher and lower abundances of aphid throughout the study. Relationship between the abundance of aphid and lady bird beetle on the bean species were positively correlated. Aphid showed negatively correlation with temperature and rainfall, and positive correlation with relative humidity, and the correlations were not significant. Multiple regression equation showed that temperature had the highest effect which contributed 16.1 - 19.2% role on the population of aphid.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 357-363, 2020
Toxicological effect and behavioral response of a predatory Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to three indigenous plant seed extracts
Authors: Sultana Sadia , Nasiruddin Munira , Azadi MA , Chowdhury MR
Published: April 2021

For the removal of undesired fish species from aquaculture ponds, an alternative to synthetic toxins is the use of botanical toxicants which are biodegradable and environmentally safer. Toxicological effects of distilled water, 50% ethyl alcohol, methanol and acetone extracts of three indigenous plant seeds, Jatropha carcus (Linn.), Hydnocarpus wightianus (Blume) and Aleurites moluccana (Linn. Willd) were studied on the predatory fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) under normal laboratory conditions. Depending upon the type of plants, extracts and concentrations, percentage mortality varied. Behavioral activities increased with increasing concentrations. During exposure, fish exhibited discolouration, gulping for air, erratic swimming, loss of reflex, slow movement and ultimately became motionless before death . The extent of toxicity of extracts for J. carcus, H. wightianus and A. moluccana on H. fossilis could be ranked in the order: Acetone > methanol > 50% ethyl alcohol > distilled water. On the basis of LC50 values the most toxic was acetone extract of J. carcus seeds and least toxic was distilled water extract of A. moluccana seeds. It is suggested that these plant seed extracts would be helpful in aquaculture to remove unwanted fish species from culture ponds.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 379-391, 2020
Molecular identification and life cycle of Black Soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) in laboratory
Authors: Ferdousi Lailatul , Sultana Nahid , Helal MA Al , Momtaz Nasima
Published: April 2021

Molecular identification and life cycle of the Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens were carried out from the Bangladesh bio-geographical area. The sequencing result and phylogenetic analysis of BSF showed 99-100% similarity with H. illucens from GenBank. The average duration of life cycle of male and female were 45.08±4.46d and 46.15± 4.12d respectively. The adult female is 16.3±0.91mm long, whereas the adult male is 14.30±0.19 mm long and smaller than female. The number of eggs per clutch was 537.37±40.21 which hatched in 4.36±0.24 days. The mean duration of the developmental stages were 16.07±2.59, 15.4±2.50, 9.95±1.48 and 10.33±1.89 d for larva, pupa, male and female respectively, when cultured at 29.40±1.77° C, RH 68.25±2.32 %, 14:10 (L: D) photoperiod. The mature larval weight (0.20±0.03 g) was highest among other developmental stages.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 429-440, 2020
Diversity, status and habitat usage of avifauna at sadar upazila, magura, Bangladesh
Authors: Shome Ashikur Rahman , Alam Md Mahabub , Rabbe Md Fazle , Rahman Mohammad Mijanur , Jaman Mohammad Firoj
Published: April 2021

A study on diversity, status, and habitat preference of avifauna was conducted from November 2017 to October 2018 in Magura Sadar upazila, Magura. Data was collected through direct field observations using line-transect method. Field surveys were made for three days per month in both rural and urban sites. A total of 140 species of birds belonged to 18 orders and 48 families were reported. Among the total species, 55% (77 species) were non-passerines and 45% (63 species) passerines with the highest individuals were counted under order Passeriformes. Resident bird species were dominant (106 species, 75.71%) over migratory (34 species, 24.28%) species. Species richness was the highest in the rural areas (124 species, 88.57%) and occurrence was the highest in winter season (97 species, 69.29%). The maximum species were recorded from trees (87 species, 62.14%) as preferred habitat. In this study, in total 4,060 individuals of birds were counted and among them, 51.55% (n=2093) were observed in the rural areas and 48.45% (n=1967) were in the urban areas. The highest number of birds was found in December (10.34%, n=432) and seasonal abundance was the highest in winter (40.15%, n=1630). Abundance was the highest for Common Myna (5.76%, n=234) among all recorded species. Diversity indices showed that the bird species were the most diverse in the rural areas in the winter season and in July. Habitat diversity indices were the highest for trees and birds used different types of habitats at different times for roosting, breeding and feeding. Regarding the observation status, 29.28% species was very common, 4.28% common, 31.42% fairly common, and 35% were few. This baseline data indicate that this study site is significant from the ecological and conservation point of views. Therefore, further research is necessary to understand how this avian diversity is maintained in this ecological setting.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 441-456, 2020
COVID-19 pandemisinde kolostomili hastanın hemşirelik bakımı
Authors: Ödül Özkaya Birgül , Atar Burak
Published: April 2021

COVID-19, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından neredeyse tüm dünyaya yayılması ve binlerce insanın yaşamını yitirmesine neden olmasından dolayı 11 Mart 2020 de pandemi olarak ilan edildi. Tarih boyunca yaşanan savaşlar, afetler ve salgınlarda olduğu gibi COVID-19 pandemisiyle mücadelede hemşireler, sağlık bakım hizmetleri sunumunda ön cephede yer almıştır. Hemşireler, yaşadıkları tüm güçlüklere rağmen COVID-19 tanılı veya hastalık şüphesi bulunan hastalara özverili bir şekilde sağlık bakım hizmeti vermektedirler. COVID-19 hastalığının kontrol altına alınmasında el hijyeni, sosyal mesafe ve yüzey dezenfeksiyonun ve maske kullanılmasının önemli olduğu bu süreçte, hemşirelerin "enfeksiyonları önleme ve kontrol rolü" kritik önem taşımaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda COVID-19 pandemisinde ostomisi olan hastanın bakımının önemine değinilmiştir.
Üniversite öğrencilerinin Akdeniz diyetine uyumu ve beslenme durumunun belirlenmesi
Authors: Sönmez Tülay
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumlarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi’nde eğitim gören, tesadüfi yöntemle belirlenmiş 739 gönüllü öğrenciye yüz yüze görüşme tekniğiyle anket formu uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin Akdeniz diyetine uyumları PREDİMED ölçeğiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam puanı ≤5 puan olanlar kötü, 6-9 puan geliştirilmeli, ≥10 puan alanlar iyi olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan erkek ve kadın bireylerin beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) değeri ortalaması 24.0±3.4 ve 21.8±3.3 kg/m2’dir (p<0.05). Erkeklerin toplam PREDİMED puanı 7.4±1.9 iken kadınların 7.8±1.9’dur (p>0.05). PREDİMED testinden alınan toplam puana göre kötü, orta ve iyi derecede puan alan bireylerin oranı sırasıyla; %11.5, %73.3 ve %15.2’dir. BKİ sınıflaması normal olan bireylerin toplam puan ortalaması zayıf, hafif şişman ve obez olan bireylere göre daha fazladır (p<0.05). Bireylerin vücut ağırlığı, BKİ ve bel çevresi değeri ve ölçek puanı arasında negatif korelasyon bulunmaktadır. Sonuç: Normal vücut ağırlığına sahip bireylerin Akdeniz diyetine uyumları diğer BKİ aralığındaki bireylerden daha yüksektir. PREDİMED testi beslenme durumunun saptanmasında kullanılabilir bir ölçektir.
Malaysian pharmacy students’ perspectives on the virtual objective structured clinical examination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Elnaem Mohamed Hassan , Akkawi Muhammad Eid , Nazar Nor Ilyani Mohamed , Ab Rahman Norny Syafinaz , Mohamed Mohamad Haniki Nik
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study investigated pharmacy students’ perceptions of various aspects of virtual objective structured clinical examinations (vOSCEs) conducted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Malaysia.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved third- and fourth-year pharmacy students at the International Islamic University Malaysia. A validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students who had taken a vOSCE a week before.Results: Out of the 253 students who were approached, 231 (91.3%) completed the questionnaire. More than 75% of the participants agreed that the instructions and preparations were clear and helpful in familiarizing them with the vOSCE flow. It was found that 53.2% of the respondents were satisfied with the flow and conduct of the vOSCE. However, only approximately one-third of the respondents believed that the tasks provided in the vOSCE were more convenient, less stressful, and easier to perform than those in the conventional OSCE. Furthermore, 49.7% of the students favored not having a vOSCE in the future when conducting a conventional OSCE becomes feasible again. Internet connection was reported as a problem hindering the performance of the vOSCE by 51.9% of the participants. Students who were interested in clinical pharmacy courses were more satisfied than other students with the preparation and operation of the vOSCE, the faculty support, and the allocated time.Conclusion: Students were satisfied with the organization and operation of the vOSCE. However, they still preferred the conventional OSCE over the vOSCE. These findings might indicate a further need to expose students to telehealthcare models.
Trabalho e educação profissional: refletindo sobre os conceitos de técnica e tecnologia
Authors: Bernardes Bender Alessandra
Published: April 2021

Este artigo aborda a relação entre a temática do trabalho e a Educação Profissional. O problema de pesquisa advém da necessidade social de se entender os trabalhos manuais como também detentores de saberes complexos. Os objetivos envolvem: (i) diferenciar o entendimento dos conceitos de técnica e tecnologia em seu uso comum e no contexto da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica; e (ii) reconhecer a importância de todos os trabalhos, inclusive os manuais. Por visar a gerar conhecimentos para que possa ocorrer a solução de problemas específicos, a natureza da presente pesquisa é aplicada. Com relação aos procedimentos técnicos, a pesquisa se configura como bibliográfica e documental, envolvendo autores e documentos que partem do pressuposto de que a Educação Profissional se identifica pela formação integral do trabalhador. Os resultados apontam para a primordialidade da formação de trabalhadores como agentes de transformação social.
Uma pandemia para o pandemônio neoliberal: notas críticas sobre direito e sociedade no Brasil e no Chile em tempos de coronavírus
Authors: Varas Villalón Diego , Yamamoto Paulo de Carvalho
Published: April 2021

O trabalho compara como Brasil e Chile, dois países guiados pelo neoliberalismo, atuaram frente à pandemia do coronavírus. De início há uma breve contextualização da conjuntura política e social de ambas as nações. A seguir analisa-se as medidas normativas que cada governo editou diante ao caos social e econômico imposto pela pandemia. O cenário econômico chileno é aprofundado ao discutirmos a herança neoliberal que o país tem de enfrentar. Investigamos mais de perto a estrutura do ordenamento jurídico daquele país, bem como as amarras que a Constituição vigente impõe para seu desenvolvimento, impedindo a proteção social de seus cidadãos. Por fim, perante as recentes mobilizações populares chilenas, refletimos sobre seu significado, identificando caminhos de solidariedade que o povo chileno está construindo.
Inclusão da pessoa com deficiência: análise de empregabilidade
Authors: Reis Anna Beatriz , Brasil Pereira Silva Daiane , Vasconcellos Santos de Andrade Marcela , Dominicheli do Nascimento Basso Monique
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo trata sobre a inclusão da pessoa com deficiência no mercado de trabalho abordando aspectos histórico, legislativo e social, principalmente em relação às discriminações enfrentadas por esses trabalhadores. São importantes os instrumentos normativos internacionais que regem os direitos das pessoas com deficiência, pois reconhecem seu caráter de direitos humanos e não só proíbem que sejam discriminados como asseguram o exercício de todos os direitos de forma plena, equitativa e acessível. O artigo aborda o conceito do que é pessoa com deficiência demonstrando sua constante evolução e o avanço do paradigma da deficiência que não se limita à pessoa, mas sim de sua interação com as barreiras impostas pelo ambiente e sociedade. A Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) destaca que há ao menos 1 bilhão de pessoas com deficiência no mundo e que a taxa mundial de emprego de pessoas com deficiência é de 36% enquanto a de pessoas sem deficiência é de 60% e neste sentido, o artigo também traz dados de outras pesquisas oficiais. Quando se verifica que o primeiro relatório mundial sobre pessoas com deficiência no âmbito das Nações Unidas foi realizado somente em 2018, percebe-se quão importante é tratar do tema, não só por meio de estudos teóricos, mas principalmente buscar a implementação de ações que de fato incluam as pessoas com deficiência na sociedade, sendo o direito ao trabalho importante instrumento de emancipação social e econômica com o fim de que possam exercer seus direitos com sua dignidade.
Possibilities of using fosinopril in treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease in combination with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ebzeeva E. Yu. , Ostroumova O. D. , Batyukina S. V. , Shatalova N. A. , Doldo N. M. , Romanovsky R. R.
Published: April 2021

Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common diseases in general medical practice, due to their secondary damage to the kidneys in arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. The coexistence of hypertension and diabetes increases the likelihood of developing chronic kidney failure tenfold. In turn, chronic kidney disease is an important independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular complications, including fatal ones, due to the direct relationship of the pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiorenal relationships. Approaches to the treatment of chronic kidney disease should be aimed both at preventing the risks of developing renal dysfunction, and at treating existing pathology. The multifactorial nature of the disease and the complex etiopathogenetic relationships determine the need to optimize existing approaches to the treatment of chronic kidney disease in multimorbidity patients with concomitance cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. This is also due to the fact that, unlike other target organs, compensation for background disease does not always prevent further deterioration of kidney function. According to the recommendations of the main scientific communities, in such cases, it is advisable to start therapy with the most effective angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that combine nephro-and cardioprotective effects and have a dual route of elimination from the body, which is especially important in multimorbidity, the aim to prevent polypharmacy, reduce the risk of drug interactions and, consequently, side effects. This article reviews the literature data indicating the high efficacy and safety of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor fosinopril in patients with chronic kidney disease in combination with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
Stroke and COVID‑19
Authors: Ostroumova T. M. , Ostroumova O. D. , Arablinsky N. A. , Golovina O. V.
Published: April 2021

The incidence of all acute cerebrovascular events in COVID-19 patients ranges between 0.2 and 1.3 %, while ischemic stroke (IS) is more common – 1.1 %, the proportion of hemorrhagic stroke is about 0.2 %. The presence of COVID-19 is associated with 3.58 times increased risk of IS and 5.60 times risk of in-hospital mortality. COVID-19 infection increases the risk of different subtypes of IS, especially cryptogenic stroke, which is characterized by the most severe course. The pathogenesis of stroke in COVID-19 is complex and includes a number of pathophysiological mechanisms: coagulopathy, thromboembolism, vasculitis, direct neuronal damage. The main pathophysiological mechanisms in COVID-19 stroke are yet to be established and need further investigation. Strokes in patients with COVID-19 are often characterized by a more severe course and high mortality. The stroke onset in COVID-19 patients is relatively common in younger age groups and in people without any traditional stroke risk factors. Due to the coagulopathy in COVID-19, the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy (thrombolysis and thromboextraction) is potentially reduced. Thus, early initiation of secondary prevention and active rehabilitation, which includes the drugs with cytoprotective and neuroprotective properties, are needed. When choosing a specific neuroprotective drug, special attention should be paid to the drug’s evidence base confirming its efficacy and safety, especially in stroke, it is equally important that the drug has a multimodal mechanism of action to affect the maximum possible diverse pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke development in patients with COVID-19. Citicoline appears to be a promising drug for stroke patients with COVID-19, since its effectiveness in acute ischemia is due to several mechanisms of action, in addition, the drug has a large evidence base in the treatment of stroke.
Prevalence of comorbidity in chronic HCV‑infection
Authors: Esaulenko E. V. , Novak K. E. , Basina V. V. , Dzemova A. A. , Ganchenko R. A.
Published: April 2021

The effect of the comorbid background on the course of the infectious process in chronic HCV infection requires study due to the existence of a risk of progression of liver fibrosis even after the eradication of the virus against the background of concomitant diseases.Material and methods. The article analyzes the prevalence of various comorbid conditions in 700 patients with chronic HCV infection, who were observed in the hospital of the Botkin in St. Petersburg, an assessment of the mutual influence of the comorbid background and the progression of liver fibrosis in HCV infection was given. To determine the contribution of comorbidity to the course of HCV infection, the odds ratio (OR) parameters were calculated.Results. HCV-infected individuals have higher prevalence of comorbidity (63 %) and multimorbidity (50 %). In patients with severe fibrosis or cirrhosis, the presence of the comorbidity factor increased to 85 %. In the examined group of patients, diseases of the biliary tract and pancreas prevailed (30.0 %), occult Hepatitis B Infection was revealed in 19.0 %, in 15.4 % – cardiovascular diseases, in 13.7 % – diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Diabetes mellitus was found in 4.6 % of patients, and obesity – in 5.9 %, kidney disease – 3.0 %. The remaining concomitant diseases occurred in less than 2.0 % of the observed patients. It has been established that diseases of the biliary tract and pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular diseases are risk factors for the development of liver fibrosis in chronic HCV infection.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the need for a more personalized approach to monitoring patients and the need to create integrated models of medical care for patients with chronic hepatitis C.