bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving alcohol and substance use screening in school-age children: translation, adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the CRAFFT tool for Lumasaaba, Uganda
Authors: Nalugya Joyce Sserunjogi , Engebretsen Ingunn Marie Stadskleiv , Nakasujja Noeline , Ndeezi Grace , Babirye Juliet N. , Bakken Victoria , Skar Ane-Marthe Solheim , Tumwine James K. , Skokauskas Norbert
Published: May 2024

Background

Children at risk of substance use disorders (SUD) should be detected using brief structured tools for early intervention. This study sought to translate and adapt the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Family/Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) tool to determine its diagnostic accuracy, and the optimum cut-point to identify substance use disorders (SUD) risk in Ugandan children aged 6 to 13 years.

Methods

This was a sequential mixed-methods study conducted in two phases. In the first qualitative phase, in Kampala and Mbale, the clinician-administered CRAFFT tool version 2.1 was translated into the local Lumasaaba dialect and culturally adapted through focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews, in collaboration with the tool’s authors. Expert reviews and translations by bilingual experts provided insights on linguistic comprehensibility and cultural appropriateness, while pilot testing with the target population evaluated the tool’s preliminary effectiveness. In the second phase, the CRAFFT tool, adapted to Lumasaaba, was quantitatively validated against the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID) for diagnosing SUD in Mbale district, through a survey. Participants, chosen randomly from schools stratified according to ownership, location, and school size, were assessed for the tool’s reliability and validity, including comparisons to the MINI KID as the Gold Standard for diagnosing SUD. Data were analyzed using STATA-15. Receiver-operating-characteristic analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and criterion validity of the CRAFFT with the MINI-KID.

Results

Of the 470 children enrolled, 2.1% (n = 10) had missing data on key variables, leaving 460 for analysis. The median age and interquartile range (IQR) was 11 (9–12) years and 56.6% were girls. A total of 116 (25.2%) children had consumed alcohol in the last twelve-month period and 7 (1.5%) had used other substances. The mean CRAFFT score for all the children (n = 460) was 0.32 (SD 0.95). The prevalence of any alcohol use disorder (2 or more positive answers on the MINI KID) in the last 12 months was 7.2% (n = 32). The Lumasaaba version of the CRAFFT tool demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.86) and inter-item correlation (Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.84 (p < 0.001). At a cut-off score of 1.00, the CRAFFT had optimal sensitivity (91%) and specificity (92%) (Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.91; 95% CI 0.86–0.97) to screen for SUD. A total of 62 (13.5%) had CRAFFT scores of > 1.

Conclusion

The Lumasaaba version of the CRAFFT tool has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to identify school-age children at risk of SUD.
Application of improved DBN and GRU based on intelligent optimization algorithm in power load identification and prediction
Authors: Wu Jintao , Tang Xiling , Zhou Dongxu , Deng Wenyuan , Cai Qianqian
Published: May 2024

Non intrusive load monitoring belongs to the key technologies of intelligent power management systems, playing a crucial role in smart grids. To achieve accurate identification and prediction of electricity load, intelligent optimization algorithms are introduced into deep learning optimization for improvement. A load recognition model combining sparrow search algorithm and deep confidence network is designed, as well as a gated recurrent network prediction model on the grounds of particle swarm optimization. The relevant results showed that the sparrow search algorithm used in the study performed well on the solution performance evaluation metrics with a minimum value of 0.209 for the inverse generation distance and a maximum value of 0.814 for the hyper-volume. The accuracy and recall values of the optimized load identification model designed in the study were relatively high. When the accuracy was 0.9, the recall rate could reach 0.94. The recognition accuracy of the model on the basis of the test set could reach up to 0.924. The lowest classification error was only 0.05. The maximum F1 value of the harmonic evaluation index of the bidirectional gated recurrent network optimized by particle swarm optimization converged to 90.06%. The loss function had been optimized by particle swarm optimization, and both the convergence value and convergence speed had been markedly enhanced. The average absolute error and root mean square error of the prediction model were both below 0.3. Compared to the bidirectional gated recurrent model before optimization, the particle swarm optimization strategy had a significant improvement effect on prediction details. In addition, the research method had superior recognition response speed and adaptability in real application environments. This study helps to understand the load demand of the power system, optimize the operation of the power grid, and strengthen the reliability, efficiency, and sustainability of the power system.
The Clock and Wavefront Self-Organizing model recreates the dynamics of mouse somitogenesis in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Klepstad Julie , Marcon Luciano
Published: May 2024

During mouse development, presomitic mesoderm cells synchronize Wnt and Notch oscillations, creating sequential phase waves that pattern somites. Traditional somitogenesis models attribute phase waves to a global modulation of the oscillation frequency. However, increasing evidence suggests that they could arise in a self-organizing manner. Here, we introduce the Sevilletor, a novel reaction-diffusion system that serves as a framework to compare different somitogenesis patterning hypotheses. Using this framework, we propose the Clock and Wavefront Self-Organizing model that considers an excitable self-organizing region where phase waves form independent of global frequency gradients. The model recapitulates the change in relative phase of Wnt and Notch observed during mouse somitogenesis and provides a theoretical basis for understanding the excitability of mouse presomitic mesoderm cells in vitro.
Διαχείριση παράκτιας ζώνης σε περιοχές που βρίσκονται υπό την επίδραση γεωδυναμικών φαινομένων
Authors: Τσώκος Ανδρέας
Published: May 2024

Η παράκτια ζώνη είναι ένα δυναμικό περιβάλλον, ευαίσθητο σε μεταβολές, το οποίο επηρεάζεται τόσο από φυσικούς παράγοντες (π.χ. κλιματικούς) όσο και από τις ανθρωπογενείς παρεμβάσεις (π.χ. δόμηση και κατοίκηση κοντά στην ακτή). Η παράκτια διάβρωση είναι ένας από τους σημαντικότερους φυσικούς κινδύνους της παράκτιας ζώνης. Υπάρχουν πολλές μέθοδοι εκτίμησης της τρωτότητας μιας παραλίας στην παράκτια διάβρωση, όπως επίσης και πολλές τεχνικές ποιοτικού και ποσοτικού προσδιορισμού του βαθμού στον οποίον αυτή έχει πραγματοποιηθεί. Το θέμα αυτό πραγματεύεται η παρούσα διδακτορική εργασία. Συγκεκριμένα, έχουν μελετηθεί η παραλία του Μύρτου στην Κεφαλονιά και η παράκτια ζώνη του Ξυλοκάστρου στο Νότιο Κορινθιακό Κόλπο. Η πρώτη περιοχή εξετάσθηκε ως προς τα φαινόμενα διάβρωσης και υποχώρησης της ακτογραμμής, αλλά και ως προς τα φαινόμενα παράκτιων κατολισθήσεων, εξαιτίας των ισχυρών κυμάτων και καταιγίδων που προκλήθηκαν από τον μεσογειακό κυκλώνα «Ιανός», το Σεπτέμβριο του 2020. Η δεύτερη περιοχή εξετάσθηκε ως προς τη διάβρωση της ακτής σε περίοδο 72 ετών λόγω των ανθρωπογενών επεμβάσεων και ειδικότερα της κατοίκησης και της δόμησης στο παράκτιο περιβάλλον. Οι δύο αυτές περιοχές χαρακτηρίζονται από διαφορετικούς παράκτιους κινδύνους. Ο μεν Κορινθιακός Κόλπος χαρακτηρίζεται από έντονη παράκτια διάβρωση και υποχώρηση της ακτογραμμής. Ο δε Μύρτος χαρακτηρίζεται από συχνά φαινόμενα μετακινήσεων μαζών, που συνίστανται σε κατολισθήσεις, καταπτώσεις βράχων, δεβριτικές ροές και λασπορροές.Λόγω της υψηλής σημασίας της παράκτιας ζώνης αυτών των περιοχών, κρίνεται απαραίτητο ένα σχέδιο ολοκληρωμένης διαχείρισής της, που πραγματοποιείται σε προκαταρκτικό στάδιο στην παρούσα διατριβή.
Το θέατρο της επιθεώρησης στην Κύπρο (1938-1960)
Authors: Αναστασίου Ελένη
Published: May 2024

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ανήκει στο πεδίο της Ιστορίας της Τέχνης του Θεάτρου στην Κύπρο. Ειδικότερα πραγματεύεται την εμφάνιση του είδους της επιθεώρησης καθώς και την συμβολή της στις διαδικασίες διαμόρφωσης του επαγγελματικού θεάτρου στο νησί. Η εργασία χωρίζεται σε τρία μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος προτείνεται μια ιστοριογραφική προσέγγιση που θα αναδείξει το βασικό πλαίσιο εντός του οποίου διαμορφώθηκε η κυπριακή επιθεώρηση. Συγκεκριμένα, διαγράφεται το ευρύτερο τοπίο, ιστορικό, πνευματικό και καλλιτεχνικό, ούτως ώστε να γίνει σαφές μέσα σε ποιο περιβάλλον αναδύεται το είδος. Ακολούθως εξετάζονται οι ζυμώσεις των ερασιτεχνών της περιόδου 1918 με 1938 καθώς και οι επιρροές από τους ελλαδικούς περιοδεύοντες θιάσους. Επιπλέον, γίνεται μια πρώτη χρονολογική καταγραφή των θιάσων που παρουσίασαν επιθεωρήσεις (κυπριακοί και ελλαδικοί) στην Κύπρο την περίοδο 1938-1960. Το κυρίως κείμενο συνοδεύουν πίνακες γραφιστικών, στους οποίους αποτυπώνεται αυτή η δραστηριότητα. Στο δεύτερο μέρος επιχειρείται ανάλυση της ταυτότητας που απέκτησε η κυπριακή επιθεώρηση, αναπτύσσοντας ζητήματα περιεχομένου αλλά και γλώσσας, ενώ παράλληλα γίνεται παρουσίαση των εκπροσώπων της και μια πρώτη αποτίμηση του έργου τους. Στο τρίτο και τελευταίο μέρος της εργασίας φιλοδοξώ να αναλύσω συνθετικά το σύνολο του υλικού, με σκοπό να καταλήξω σε ασφαλή συμπεράσματα γύρω από την άνθηση της κυπριακής επιθεώρησης και τη συμβολή της στη διαμόρφωση του επαγγελματικού θεάτρου στην Κύπρο. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό γίνεται εκτενής καταγραφή των ζυμώσεων που προέκυψαν από τη διαμάχη μεταξύ πνευματικού και καλλιτεχνικού κόσμου αναφορικά με το κρίσιμο ερώτημα αν τελικά η επιθεώρηση είναι τέχνη ή όχι. Εξετάζονται επίσης δύο βασικοί πυλώνες οι οποίοι συνέβαλαν στη διαμόρφωση του επαγγελματικού θεάτρου: η είσοδος του σκηνοθέτη αλλά και της γυναίκας ηθοποιού στο σανίδι. Τέλος, γίνεται μια προσπάθεια να διερευνηθούν οι πολιτικές και ιδεολογικές προεκτάσεις που προκύπτουν από την παρακμή του είδους στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του ’50.Στο Παράρτημα της εργασίας ο/η αναγνώστης/-ρια θα βρει: • Κατάλογο τεκμηρίων. • Παραστασιολόγιο Ι [Κυπριακοί θίασοι που ανεβάζουν επιθεωρήσεις την περίοδο 1938-1960]. • Παραστασιολόγιο ΙΙ [Ελλαδικοί περιοδεύοντες θίασοι που ανεβάζουν επιθεωρήσεις την περίοδο 1938-1960]. • Αποδελτίωση του περιοδικού Το θέατρο.
Expletiveness across functional categories
Authors: Τσιακμάκης Ευριπίδης
Published: May 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή υιοθετεί για πρώτη φορά μία ενοποιητική προσέγγιση απέναντι στην πλεοναστικότητα, δηλαδή στην παραδοσιακή γλωσσολογική παραδοχή περί ύπαρξης γλωσσικής μορφής χωρίς σημασία. Συγκεκριμένα, η διατριβή επιδιώκει να απομονώσει τις ιδιότητες που χαρακτηρίζουν τις πλεοναστικές γραμματικές κατηγορίες. Με αναφορά σε πειραματικά δεδομένα, αποδεικνύεται ότι η πλεοναστικότητα προκύπτει συστηματικά κατά τη σύμπτωση των εξής τριών στοιχείων: (i) μίας τοπικής συντακτικής εξάρτησης, (ii) μιας αληθειακής συνεισφοράς περιοριζόμενης στην ταυτοτική συνάρτηση, και (iii) της πιθανής εμφάνισης πρόσθετης πληροφορίας ερμηνεύσιμης στο επίπεδο των προσλεκτικών πράξεων.Η εργασία ξεκινά με τη μελέτη της πλεοναστικής Φωνής που απαντά σε ελληνικά αντιμεταβιβαστικά ρήματα με μη ενεργητική μορφολογία και προβάλλει επιχειρήματα υπέρ της ακόλουθης θέσης: Η πλεοναστική Φωνή δεν μεταβάλλει τις συνθήκες αλήθειας της πρότασης της οποίας αποτελεί μέρος και συγχωνεύεται πάντα σε συντακτικό περιβάλλον που κωδικοποιεί αιτιακή πληροφορία. Στη συνέχεια εξετάζονται οι πλεοναστικοί Προσδιοριστικοί Δείκτες που περιλαμβάνονται στις ελληνικές πολυοριστικές φράσεις. Αποδεικνύεται πειραματικά ότι αυτοί οι Προσδιοριστικοί Δείκτες εμφανίζονται συχνότερα σε περιβάλλοντα περιοριστικής τροποποίησης. Παρατίθενται, επιπλέον, ενδείξεις που συνδέουν τους πλεοναστικούς Προσδιοριστικούς Δείκτες κυρίως με ανεπίσημες επικοινωνιακές περιστάσεις καθώς και με την εμφάνιση εκφραστικής σημασίας. Έπειτα, μελετάται ο πλεοναστικός Πληθυντικός Αριθμός που ενίοτε μαρκάρεται μορφολογικά σε ελληνικά μη μετρήσιμα ουσιαστικά. Τα πειραματικά αποτελέσματα υποστηρίζουν ότι ο πλεοναστικός Πληθυντικός Αριθμός δεν μεταβάλλει τη σωρευτική δήλωση του ουσιαστικού που τροποποιεί αλλά, ομοίως με τους πλεοναστικούς Προσδιοριστικούς Δείκτες, φέρει εκφραστική σημασία. Η εργασία κλείνει με τη μελέτη των ελληνικών πλεοναστικών προτασιακών Αρνητικών Δεικτών «μην» και «δεν». Εμπειρικές και θεωρητικές ενδείξεις οδηγούν στη γενίκευση ότι το πλεοναστικό «μην» εκφράζει θετική επιστημική προτίμηση του ομιλητή όταν εμφανίζεται σε πολικές ερωτήσεις και συμπληρώματα κατηγορημάτων που δηλώνουν φόβο, ενώ το «δεν» δεν έχει πραγματικά πλεοναστικές πραγματώσεις. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη όλα τα παραπάνω, η εργασία καταλήγει στο συμπέρασμα ότι οι πλεοναστικές γραμματικές κατηγορίες δεν αντιστοιχούν σε γλωσσικές μορφές που στερούνται σημασίας. Η βασική συνεισφορά της παρούσας διατριβής έγκειται στη θέση και εμπειρική και θεωρητική τεκμηρίωση της ακόλουθης γενίκευσης: Οι πλεοναστικές κατηγορίες είναι ερμηνεύσιμες στο επίπεδο της Λογικής Μορφής αλλά και πέρα από τον πυρήνα της γραμματικής, στο επίπεδο ερμηνείας πληροφοριών που σχετίζονται με την εκάστοτε επιτελούμενη προσλεκτική πράξη.
Biograficzne uczenie się dorosłych na przykładzie modelu edukacyjnego Coenraada van Houtena
Authors: Czajkowska Agata
Published: May 2024

Celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja modelu „Nowego Ruchu Edukacji Dorosłych” (New Adult Learning Movement – NALM) jako salutogenetycznego podejścia do edukacji dorosłych. Scharakteryzowano podstawy teoretyczne i obszary metodyczne NALM (kształcenie akademickie, doświadczenie życiowe, rozwój du- chowy), które sięgają do założeń antropozoficznych i są ukierunkowane na rozwija- nie poczucia koherencji poprzez wzmacnianie wewnętrznych intencji jednostki do rozwijania woli uczenia się przez całe życie i wspierania zrównoważonego rozwoju integralnej osobowości. Zaprezentowano konteksty uczenia się z własnej biografii i kategorię duchowości w naukach o wychowaniu.
W kierunku odrodzenia grundtvigiańskiej szkoły dla życia w Polsce. Uniwersytety ludowe i program ich wsparcia w latach 2020–2023
Authors: Brzezicki Łukasz , Maliszewski Tomasz
Published: May 2024

Artykuł przybliża wybrane informacje na temat Programu Wspierania Rozwoju Uniwersytetów Ludowych na lata 2020–2030, a także prezentuje próbę zorganizowania badania empirycznego mającego za zadanie określić obecny stan rozwoju uniwersytetów ludowych w Polsce. W szkicu zaprezentowano m.in. podstawowe informacje o samym Programie i jego głównych priorytetach, a także zestawienia zbiorcze, dotyczące zarówno podmiotów zainteresowanych uzyskaniem wsparcia, jak i dotychczasowych beneficjentów, którzy uzyskali wsparcie finansowe na rozwój własnych inicjatyw o nazwie uniwersytet ludowy w latach 2020–2023. W trzeciej części opracowania autorzy omówili założenia własnego projektu badaw- czego nad uniwersytetami ludowymi, wraz z pierwszym komunikatem z przebiegu prac badawczych.
Wolontariusze dla Ukrainy – wsparcie społeczne a motywacja do działań prospołecznych
Authors: Kawula Anna , Domagała-Kręcioch Agnieszka
Published: May 2024

W opracowaniu została podjęta kwestia działań prospołecznych osób dorosłych na rzecz uchodźców z Ukrainy. Zaprezentowano koncepcję motywacji w odniesieniu do istoty wsparcia spostrzeganego i otrzymywanego oraz sieci wsparcia wolontariuszy pracujących na rzecz innych osób. Wieloznaczne funkcje wsparcia społecznego opisano na wybranych koncepcjach teoretycznych (Sęk, Cie- ślak, 2004). Celem podjętych badań było określenie związku pomiędzy motywacją wolontariuszy a wsparciem społecznym jako predyktorem działań prospołecznych. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 170 wolontariuszy (137 kobiet i 33 mężczyzn) zaan- gażowanych w działania pomocowe na rzecz osób przybywających z Ukrainy, kraju ogarniętego działaniami wojennymi. Analizie poddano motywację i zadowolenie z życia oraz wyniki wsparcia społecznego ocenianego za pomocą kwestionariusza MSPSS. W badanej grupie respondenci uzyskali silne wyniki wsparcia społecznego spostrzeganego, natomiast umiarkowane wsparcia dostarczanego. W swoich działaniach wolontaryjnych respondenci najczęściej kierowali się motywacją altruistyczną. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że osoby zaangażowane prospołecznie wysoko oceniają własną sieć wsparcia oraz wsparcie otrzymane, natomiast nie zawsze równie wysoko oceniają wsparcie dostarczane. Ta dysproporcja między wsparciem spostrzeganym a dostarczanym może mieć wpływ na motywację i zaangażowanie prospołeczne w dłuższej perspektywie.
Tożsamość i rozwój w pamiętnikach ugandyjskich nauczycieli, opiekunów i pracowników socjalnych
Authors: Kawula Anna
Published: May 2024

W artykule skupiono się na problematyce kształtowania się tożsamości i rozwoju zawodowego wśród pedagogów z Ugandy. Dokonano analizy tema- tycznej czynników wzajemnie na siebie oddziałujących: osobistego, zawodowego i społecznego. Zwrócono uwagę na konstruowanie tożsamości i rozwoju zawodowego w kategoriach: przynależności do grona pedagogicznego jako do społeczności, związek między systemami wiedzy i przekonań oraz oczekiwaniami zawodowymi przyszłości. W badaniach jakościowych rozpatrywano refleksje zapisane w pamiętnikach kilkunastu pedagogów ugandyjskich zatrudnionych w placówkach szkolno- -wychowawczych prowadzonych przez NGO’s w Ugandzie w dystrykcie Kyenjojo. Dane uzyskane w trakcie badań uwzględniały dwa obszary zrównoważonego rozwoju: indywidualny i instytucjonalny. Doświadczenia wychowawców, nauczycieli, opiekunów i pracowników socjalnych wskazują, że proces budowania tożsamości został konstruowany indywidualnie, a działania negocjowane społecznie. Rozwój zawodowy obejmował nie tylko zdobywanie osobistej wiedzy i doświadczenia, ale również odbywał się pod wpływem społeczności lokalnej, wspólnoty, przynależności do określonej kultury, światopoglądu oraz okoliczności związanych z życiem rodzinnym i pracą.
Risk factors and comorbidities for psoriatic arthritis. Literature review
Authors: Pich-Czekierda Aleksandra , Kotowicz Zuzanna , Proszowska Patrycja , Orzeł Adrianna , Sieniawska Daria , Madoń Magda , Sieniawska Julia
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic disease involving peripheral arthritis, spondylitis, dactylitis (inflammation of the whole digit) and enthesitis. It is a disease equally prevalent in both genders. Psoriatic arthritis coexists with several conditions, including metabolic syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and liver disease. The reciprocal effects of comorbidities with psoriatic arthritis are demonstrated by recent research. There are several risk factors associated with the condition that might hasten or worsen its symptoms.
Aim of the Study:
The purpose of this paper is to present a thorough analysis of the research that has been done on comorbidities and risk factors for psoriatic arthritis. With an emphasis on changeable elements that might impact the disease's progression, the goal is to illustrate the multifaceted nature of psoriatic arthritis. The intention is also to highlight comorbidities that need to be considered while treating a patient with the illness.
Materials and methods:
An analysis  of  papers  available  in  PubMed  and  Google Scholar  was  performed  using  the  following  key  words: psoriatic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and lifestyle, psoriatic arthritis and comorbidities, psoriatic arthritis and cardiovascular risk, psoriatic arthritis and gastrointestinal diseases, psoriatic arthritis and physical activity, psoriatic arthritis and diet, psoriatic arthritis and alcohol, psoriatic arthritis and smoking.
Conclusions:
Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic disease that affects many areas of patients' lives. It is critical to consider the connections that exist between this illness and other comorbidities. In order to provide a patient with this ailment with the best care possible, variables that might exacerbate the illness's progression must also be taken into consideration. Patients' mental health should get particular attention, and lifestyle modifications should be promoted.
Máquinas e inteligencia artificial, una nueva cura contra la tuberculosis
Authors: Orjuela Cañón Alvaro David , Mayorga David
Published: May 2024

Un grupo de médicos e ingenieros emplea modelos de análisis de datos, machine learning (aprendizaje automático) e inteligencia artificial para combatir la tuberculosis pulmonar en los lugares más necesitados de Colombia.
Entre o sonho e o ativismo negro: o teatro religioso, de Júlio Romão da Silva
Authors: Brito Cristina Gomes de
Published: May 2024

Neste artigo revisitamos a dramaturgia de Júlio Romão da Silva, especificamente as duas peças que deram a ele maior visibilidade: A Mensagem do Salmo e José, o Vidente, de modo a compreender que o teatro religioso é ressignificado, uma vez que, numa temática que dialoga com a atualidade, faz emergir valores universais como paz, justiça, liberdade e perdão. Em A Mensagem do Salmo, por exemplo, a busca da liberdade usurpada de povos africanos é evocada em forma de manifestação de militância do Movimento Negro. O objetivo é analisar as peças teatrais sob o prisma da negritude, bem como a atuação do autor enquanto ativista negro no contexto da dramaturgia religiosa.
A representação artística de corpos vulneráveis durante a Ditadura Militar em “Celas - 21”, de Lara de Lemos, e “Situação T/T1”, de Artur Barrio
Authors: Santos Gustavo Oliveira dos
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva analisar se e como o poema “Celas - 21”, de Lara de Lemos, e a arte-performance “Situação T/T1”, de Artur Barrio, compartilham o intuito de representar a corporeidade de sujeitos subalternizados e subversivos oprimidos pela ditadura militar brasileira (1964-1985) e, desse modo, promover o engajamento político a partir de processos de experimentação artística. A metodologia utilizada é o levantamento bibliográfico de, dentre outros textos, Bezerra (2004), Gagnebin (2006), Chagas (2017), Custódio (2021) e Alves et al. (2022). Conclui-se que as duas produções dialogam entre si por representarem corpos vulneráveis, seja por miserabilidade ou por resistência política, interligarem a memória individual do artista a uma luta política e por rejeitarem uma produção artística apartada de responsabilidades éticas.
Ensinar literaturas africanas para quê? Reflexões acerca do ensino das literaturas africanas de língua portuguesa no ensino básico
Authors: Franzini Letícia
Published: May 2024

Mesmo com a proposta da BNCC de “diversificar ao longo do Ensino Médio, [...] produções das culturas juvenis contemporâneas [...] incluindo entre elas a literatura africana de língua portuguesa” (Brasil, 2017, p. 524) e o sancionamento da Lei 10.639/03 que torna obrigatório o ensino da cultura, história e literatura dos povos africanos e indígenas na educação brasileira, o ensino das literaturas africanas de língua portuguesa no ensino básico ainda é quase nulo, muitas vezes nem aparecendo nos livros didáticos oferecidos aos alunos. Assim, a intenção deste artigo é propor uma reflexão acerca da importância do ensino dessas literaturas e todas as problemáticas que o envolvem, trazendo ainda algumas ideias de abordagem educacional a partir da obra A Bicicleta que tinha Bigodes (2011), do autor angolano Ondjaki.
A experiência urbana das mulheres no romance "Clara dos Anjos", de Lima Barreto
Authors: Monteiro Janaína
Published: May 2024

A intenção deste trabalho é fazer uma investigação sobre as diferentes formas de pertencimento e deslocamento de personagens mulheres dentro do espaço narrativo suburbano criado em Clara dos Anjos. Através de diversas cenas literárias, aspectos da vida urbana são apresentados na obra em questão, e assim, Lima Barreto constrói uma narrativa cujas linhas estão entrelaçadas de ficção e de relatos sobre o espaço suburbano de sua época. Pontuaremos como os projetos de políticas públicas acabaram por interferir significativamente na atividade da experiência urbana, para tal nos apoiaremos nos estudos socioculturais que cercam o conjunto sujeito-cidade. A partir da perspectiva de cidade-camada e cidade-texto (GOMES, 2008), veremos que a materialidade é fundamental para os estudos da vivência urbana feminina, criando, de fato, um dinamismo entre camadas, texto, corpo e espaço.
Kehinde fala de um lugar distante: a errância, a crioulização e o letramento da protagonista de "Um defeito de cor"
Authors: Didolich Cristani Vanessa
Published: May 2024

Kehinde nasceu em África e assistiu aos assassinatos da mãe e do irmão. Sequestrada por um navio negreiro desembarca no Brasil sozinha, pois a irmã e a avó morrem durante a travessia. Travessia que se tornou comumente à protagonista do romance histórico Um defeito de cor, da escritora Ana Maria Gonçalves, pois seu circuito itinerante remete às viagens que a narradora necessita fazer, na maioria das vezes em busca do filho perdido, vendido como escravizado pelo pai. A errância, conceito cunhado por Édouard Glissant (2017), são os deslocamentos da personagem, que ajudaram a construir sua identidade, um construto híbrido, característica da qual Glissant (2017) chama de crioulização e que forma a protagonista gonçalviana à medida em que seu letramento rompe com a tradição moderna/colonial e a torna exemplo positivado, levado ao bem comum.
A escrita política de Samir Machado de Machado em "O crime do bom nazista"
Authors: Ferreira Mykaelle de Sousa
Published: May 2024

Publicado em 2023, O crime do bom nazista é o título do romance escrito por Samir Machado de Machado. O livro propõe uma releitura do gênero policial, construindo, assim, um contraponto entre a história política do Brasil, no início do século XX, e a ascensão do nazismo. Apresento uma resenha crítica do livro e proponho breves apontamentos sobre a literatura de entretenimento na ficção brasileira contemporânea.
A expressão de si (e de nós): uma condição humana
Authors: Esteves Isabella Morelli
Published: May 2024

Este artigo investiga a expressão autoral sob uma perspectiva tanto da criação literária quanto da análise de escritos de outros autores que também traçaram jornadas semelhantes – criando ficção e refletindo sobre essa criação. O argumento deste texto é que mesmo uma obra de ficção pode revelar uma verdade sobre seu criador e que, ao escrever a nossa “verdade” (isto é, escrever com sinceridade, ainda que sem nos basear em fatos) enquanto artistas, abrimos portas para a conexão. Como sugerem a filósofa Hannah Arendt e a contista Jane Yolen, expressar a si mesmo é parte da condição humana, e as histórias que contamos refletem essa condição. Em nossa condição compartilhada de humanidade, podemos reconhecer uns aos outros na contação de histórias e revelar até mesmo os fatos que ainda não sabíamos serem verdades.
Apontamentos para uma crítica textual de "O interior da matéria", de Joaquim Cardozo e Roberto Burle Marx
Authors: Torres Yael Fernando Carvalho
Published: May 2024

Apesar do crescente estudo acerca da produção literária de Joaquim Cardozo, O interior da matéria (1975) permanece uma obra pouco explorada pela crítica. Uma possível razão para tal presença escusa talvez resida no fato de que a edição princeps da obra, produzida conjuntamente com Roberto Burle Marx, seja de difícil acesso para os pesquisadores, notadamente por sua escassa circulação e altos valores mercadológicos caudatários de sua configuração artesanal. O presente estudo enseja dar um passo a mais no processo de democratização do acesso à obra, levantando os aspectos paratextuais específicos da primeira edição, que foram preteridos nas reedições subsequentes. Também será feita análise crítica de dois dos vinte poemas, e duas das vinte gravuras que compõem o corpo da obra.
Como lamber a língua de Roland Barthes: uma entrevista com Paloma Vidal
Authors: Vidal Paloma , Fráguas Márcia Cristina , Silva Vinícius Rangel Bertho da
Published: May 2024

Na entrevista internacional para o dossiê Escritos de Artistas, a Palimpsesto – revista discente do Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras da UERJ – teve a oportunidade de conversar com a professora, tradutora e escritora Paloma Vidal. Doutora em Letras pela PUC-Rio, atualmente leciona Teoria Literária na Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Nascida em Buenos Aires, viveu dos 2 aos 25 anos no Rio de Janeiro. A vivência entre Brasil e Argentina se reflete em sua produção teórica e literária. Como pesquisadora, tem se dedicado à literatura latino-americana contemporânea e a questões de teoria da literatura, ligadas, entre outras, a narrativas de exílio, migrações e viagens; à literatura escrita sob ditaduras; às escritas do eu e à performance; aos diários, cadernos e outras formas de anotação; a questões de tradução e do viver entre línguas. Escritora prolífica, publicou diversos ensaios teóricos, romances, contos, poesia entre outros, além de manter o blog “Lugares onde eu não estou” (www.escritosgeograficos.blogspot.com). Nossa conversa partiu da relação de Paloma Vidal com os escritos de Roland Barthes, cuja obra foi objeto de pesquisa da autora e com que ela dialoga em sua obra poética e ensaística. Lançou pela editora Tinta-da-China, no final de 2023, o livro de ensaios Não Escrever [com Roland Barthes].
Literatura e arte: escritos de artistas, expressões de palimpsestos
Authors: Fráguas Márcia Cristina , Silva Vinícius Rangel Bertho da
Published: May 2024

Nesta edição, a Palimpsesto – revista discente do Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – apresenta o Dossiê “Literatura e arte: escritos de Artistas”, volume 23, número 45. Pela primeira vez em sua trajetória, uma edição da revista contou com a organização feita por dois convidados: Márcia Cristina Fráguas – doutoranda em Teoria da Literatura pela UERJ e bolsista pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – e Vinícius Rangel Bertho da Silva – doutorando em Literatura e Crítica Literária pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) – foram os responsáveis por este trabalho.
Optimizing pain management in elderly patients post-knee surgery: A novel collaborative strategy
Authors: Nashwan Abdulqadir J
Published: May 2024

Total knee replacement, a common surgery among the elderly primarily necessitated by osteoarthritis, replaces the damaged knee joint with an artificial one. Given the aging population and the increasing prevalence of such surgeries, the article highlights the critical need for effective postoperative care strategies. This editorial provides an overview of rehabilitation care for pain in elderly knee replacement patients, emphasizing the importance of a multimodal approach to postoperative recovery. Furthermore, the article advocates for a patient-centered, comprehensive rehabilitation regimen that enhances recovery and quality of life in elderly patients undergoing knee replacement surgery.
Mediastinal emphysema in the context of perforated gastric ulcer
Authors: Chowdhury Debkumar
Published: May 2024

In the context of mediastinal emphysema/pneumomediastinum, the main aetiologies are associated with oesophageal perforation, lung pathology or post head and neck surgery related. The main way to differentiate the pathologies would be through Computed Tomographic Imaging of the Thorax and abdomen with oral and intravenous contrast in the context of triple phase imaging. The causes of pneumomediastinum should be differentiated between traumatic and non-traumatic. Oesophageal perforation (Boerhaave syndrome) is associated with Mackler’s triad in upto 50% of patients (severe retrosternal chest pain, pneumomediastinum, mediastinitis). Whereas in cases of lung pathology this can be associated with pneumothorax and pleural effusion.
Recent trends in bone metastasis treatments: A historical comparison using the new Katagiri score system
Authors: Matsuda Kenji , Shimazu Kazuhiro , Shinozaki Hanae , Fukuda Koji , Yoshida Taichi , Taguchi Daiki , Nomura Kyoko , Shibata Hiroyuki
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Bone metastasis has various negative impacts. Activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) can be significantly decreased, survival may be impacted, and medical expenses may increase. It is estimated that at least 5% cancer patients might be suffering from bone metastases. In 2016, we published the Comprehensive Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bone Metastasis. Since then, the therapeutic outcomes for patients have gradually improved. As life expectancy is a major determinant of surgical intervention, the strategy should be modified if the prolongation of survival is to be achieved.

AIM

To monitor how bone metastasis treatment has changed before and after launch of our guidelines for bone metastasis.

METHODS

For advanced cancer patients with bone metastasis who visited the Department of Clinical Oncology at Akita University hospital between 2012 and 2023, parameters including the site and number of bone metastases, laboratory data, and survival time, were extracted from electronic medical records and the Katagiri score was calculated. The association with survival was determined for each factor.

RESULTS

Data from 136 patients were obtained. The 1-year survival rate for the poor prognosis group with a higher Katagiri score was 20.0% in this study, which was 6% and an apparent improvement from 2014 when the scoring system was developed. Other factors significantly affecting survival included five or more bone metastases than less (P = 0.0080), and treatment with chemotherapy (P < 0.001), bone modifying agents (P = 0.0175) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (P = 0.0128). In recent years, advances in various treatment methods have extended the survival period for patients with advanced cancer. It is necessary not only to simply extend survival time, but also to maintain ADL and improve QOL.

CONCLUSION

Various therapeutic interventions including surgical approach for bone metastasis, which is a disorder of locomotor organs, are increasingly required. Guidelines and scoring system for prognosis need to be revised promptly.
Triceps skinfold thickness trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Na , He Li-Yun , Li Zi-Yi , Yang Yu-Cheng , Ping Fan , Xu Ling-Ling , Li Wei , Zhang Hua-Bing , Li Yu-Xiu
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The measurement of triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness serves as a noninvasive metric for evaluating subcutaneous fat distribution. Despite its clinical utility, the TSF thickness trajectories and their correlation with overall mortality have not been thoroughly investigated.

AIM

To explore TSF thickness trajectories of Chinese adults and to examine their associations with all-cause mortality.

METHODS

This study encompassed a cohort of 14747 adults sourced from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Latent class trajectory modeling was employed to identify distinct trajectories of TSF thickness. Subjects were classified into subgroups reflective of their respective TSF thickness trajectory. We utilized multivariate Cox regression analyses and mediation examinations to explore the link between TSF thickness trajectory and overall mortality, including contributory factors.

RESULTS

Upon adjustment for multiple confounding factors, we discerned that males in the ‘Class 2: Thin–stable’ and ‘Class 3: Thin–moderate’ TSF thickness trajectories exhibited a markedly reduced risk of mortality from all causes in comparison to the ‘Class 1: Extremely thin’ subgroup. In the mediation analyses, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index was found to be a partial intermediary in the relationship between TSF thickness trajectories and mortality. For females, a lower TSF thickness pattern was significantly predictive of elevated all-cause mortality risk exclusively within the non-elderly cohort.

CONCLUSION

In males and non-elderly females, lower TSF thickness trajectories are significantly predictive of heightened mortality risk, independent of single-point TSF thickness, body mass index, and waist circumference.
Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension in a patient with primary myelofibrosis: A case report
Authors: Chen Yu , Kong Bing-Bing , Yin He , Liu Hao , Wu Sheng , Xu Ting
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency that has a 10% hospital mortality rate. According to the etiology, this disease can be divided into acute varicose veins and nonvaricose veins. Bleeding from esophageal varices is a life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. Portal hypertension is a clinical syndrome defined as a portal venous pressure that exceeds 10 mmHg. Cirrhosis is the most common cause of portal hypertension, and thrombosis of the portal system not associated with liver cirrhosis is the second most common cause of portal hypertension in the Western world. Primary myeloproliferative disorders are the main cause of portal venous thrombosis, and somatic mutations in the Janus kinase 2 gene (JAK2 V617F ) can be found in approximately 90% of polycythemia vera, 50% of essential thrombocyrosis and 50% of primary myelofibrosis.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a rare case of primary myelofibrosis with gastrointestinal bleeding as the primary manifestation that presented as portal-superior-splenic mesenteric vein thrombosis. Peripheral blood tests revealed the presence of the JAK2 V617F mutation. Bone marrow biopsy ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of myelofibrosis (MF-2 grade).

CONCLUSION

In patients with acute esophageal variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension and vein thrombosis without cirrhosis, the possibility of myeloproliferative neoplasms should be considered, and the JAK2 mutation test should be performed.
Differences between the healthcare systems of Quebec and France for the treatment of pain due to spinal disorders
Authors: Boyer Lea Evangeline , Boudier-Revéret Mathieu , Chang Min Cheol
Published: May 2024

In Quebec, Canada, the public healthcare system offers free medical services. However, patients with spinal pain often encounter long waiting times for specialist appointments and limited physiotherapy coverage. In contrast, private clinics provide expedited care but are relatively scarce and entail out-of-pocket expenses. Once a patient with pain caused by a spinal disorder meets a pain medicine specialist, spinal intervention is quickly performed when indicated, and patients are provided lifestyle advice. Transforaminal epidural steroid injections are frequently administered to patients with radicular pain, and steroid injections are administered on a facet joint to control low back or neck pain. Additionally, medial branch blocks are performed prior to thermocoagulation. France’s universal healthcare system ensures accessibility at controlled costs. It emphasizes physical activity and provides free physical therapy services. However, certain interventions, such as transforaminal and interlaminar epidural injections, are not routinely used in France owing to limited therapeutic efficacy and safety concerns. This underutilization may be a potential cause of chronic pain for many patients. By examining the differences, strengths, and weaknesses of these two systems, valuable insights can be gained for the enhancement of global spinal pain management strategies, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Marketing Culture and the Belizean Nation: Blackness, Indigeneity, and Multicultural Performance
Authors: Ramsey Nicole
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article examines how the Belizean nation and national belonging are constructed in the representational politics of Belizean Belikin Beer campaign advertisements. In 2012, Belikin Beer released a series of commercials showcasing the “culture of Belize,” while addressing themes related to Belizean national identity, labor, heritage, and commemoration. Contrary to national constructions of Belize as a multicultural and plural society, the Belizean identity performed in Belikin’s campaign located Belize within an ambiguous regional geography, portraying it as a unique site within Central America and the broader Circum-Caribbean that provides the space for the reconciliation of diasporic and transnational Black and Indigenous identities. Belize provides a complex framework for the examination of Central American Caribbean identities and the utilization of Blackness and Indigeneity by the tourism industry. In tourism industry-driven cultural projects, competing ideals of Belizean identity, Belizean Blackness(es) and Indigeneities are heightened in new media and cultural productions that draw on the peculiarities of Belizean ethnic relations and ideology of national identity.
Raw Materials in Transition: Narratives Around Water in the Construction of an Industrialized Spain
Authors: Rodríguez De La Rosa Isabel
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, various fascist states in Europe embraced a type of industrial autarky based on the exploitation of natural resources. In these cases, autarky and raw material became two strongly linked concepts. In Spain, from 1939 onward and under the Francoist slogan "produce, produce, and produce," a major autarkic industrialization process was developed defining vast territorial structures. From raw to elaborated materials, the implementation of autarkic policies gave rise to a process of signification of matter based on an anthropocentric vision of nature. In a first stage, this paper analyzes the relationship between the concepts of autarky and raw material, to apply it to the case of the Spanish autarkic industrialization process. In a second stage, the paper observes the case of the use of water as a raw material considered essential for industrialization. For this purpose, it presents two case studies: the first from a perspective based on a territorial analysis, and the second one from a perspective based on the analysis of several aesthetic conditions. Through these cases, the paper examines the connection between the construction of new anthropogenic landscapes and the cultural meanings, both projected and non-projected, associated with the process.
Accelerator development plan in KEK toward realization of High-power EUV-FEL for future lithography
Authors: Kawata Hiroshi , Nakamura Norio , Kato Ryukou , Sakai Hiroshi , Tsuchiya Kimichika , Tanimoto Yasunori , Honda Yosuke , Shimada Miho , Tanikawa Takanori , Tanaka Olga A. , Obina Takashi , Michizono Shinichiro
Published: May 2024

The development of a high-power EUV light source is important to overcome the stochastic effects in future lithography. The EUV-FEL light source is one of the promising candidates. This paper proposes the accelerator development plan.
X-ray Light Sources driven by laser-plasma acceleration for high energy density science applications
Authors: Albert Félicie
Published: May 2024

We present recent experimental developments of x-ray sources based on laser-wakefield acceleration of electrons with high-intensity lasers. They are developed for applications including non-destructive imaging and high energy density science at mid- and large-scale laser facilities.
A Compact Short-Wavelength Free-Electron Laser driven by a Two-Beam Acceleration Scheme
Authors: Piot Philippe , Chen G. , Frame E. , Jing C. , Kuzikov S. , Power J. G.
Published: May 2024

Particle accelerators based on a two-beam acceleration scheme offer a path to high-accelerating fields by p owering the a ccelerating structures using s hort (nanosecond) radiofrequency pulses. In this contribution, we discuss a compact X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) concept based on a ∼ 0.5 GeV accelerator. We present the optimization of the accelerator and FEL process. We also discuss ongoing and planned experiments toward developing an integrated proof-of-principle experiment at Argonne National Laboratory in the vacuum and extreme ultraviolet (V/EUV) regimes.
Compact realization of attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy
Authors: Kretschmar Martin , Svirplys Evaldas , Volkov Mikhail , Witting Tobias , Nagy Tamás , Vrakking Marc J. J. , Schütte Bernd
Published: May 2024

Attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy (APAPS) promises novel insights into extremely fast electronic dynamics. Here we present a compact realization of APAPS at kHz repetition rate, providing a high stability and good statistics.
High-speed, high-resolution, and material-specific coherent EUV imaging using a high-order harmonic source
Authors: Eschen Wilhelm , Liu Chang , Penagos M. Daniel S. , Klas Robert , Limpert Jens , Rothhardt Jan
Published: May 2024

We present a tabletop coherent imaging system at 13.5 nm driven by an ultrafast 75 W fiber laser, achieving a record imaging-speed of 5 Mpix/h, enabling detailed chemical composition mapping for samples from microbiology and the semiconductor industry.
Industrial flexible laser system for ultrafast pulses at multi-10mJ or kW level
Authors: Scharun Michael , Bauer Dominik , Dannecker Benjamin , Höck Helge , Albers Klaus , Killi Alexander
Published: May 2024

We present an industrial flexible laser system utilizing fibre, rod, slab and thin-disk multipass amplifier stages to generate ultrafast pulses with 10 mJ at 1 ps or 40 mJ at 120 ps only depending on seed source.
Terawatt hard X-ray pulses using self-seeded FEL
Authors: Nam Inhyuk , Kim Seongyeol , Sung Chang-Kyu , Moon Kook-Jin
Published: May 2024

We report a terawatt-scale XFEL using an Enhanced Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission scheme (E-SASE) and self-seeded FELs, manipulating electron beams with external laser, which will open new fields in nonlinear X-ray science and single molecular imaging.
Enhancement of Surface High-Harmonic Generation Efficiency through Soliton Dynamics
Authors: Heynck Michael , Grigorova Teodora , Kotsina Nikoleta , Gebhardt Martin , Nordmann Joleik , Brahms Christian , Travers John C.
Published: May 2024

Using numerical simulations we show that the use of soliton dynamics in gas-filled hollow-core capillaries can alter the waveform of a laser pulse and enhance the efficiency of surface high harmonic generation.
Graphene Q-switched Dy-fluoride fiber laser
Authors: Pisani Fedele , Canella Francesco , Giannotti Dario , Laporta Paolo , Galzerano Gianluca
Published: May 2024

Stable graphene Q-switched operation of an in-band pumped Dy-doped fluo- rozirconate fiber laser emitting around 3.1μm is demonstrated. A minimum pulse duration of 591 ns and a highest repetition frequency of 103 kHz are obtained.
Temperature Dependence of Fe:ZnSe Laser Output Characteristics under ~4 μm Radiation Excitation
Authors: Říha A. , Jelínková H. , Doroshenko M. E. , Jelínek M. , Němec M. , Šulc J. , Badikov D. V.
Published: May 2024

Temperature dependences of spectroscopic (absorption, fluorescence, lifetime) and laser output properties (energy, oscillation spectra) of the Fe2+:ZnSe laser under ~4 μm radiation pumping are presented. Wide laser oscillation spectrum of up to ~4.9 μm is demonstrated.
Backward wave optical parametric oscillator (BWOPO) numerical model based on finite differences for frequency transfer and conversion efficiency studies
Authors: Zheng Antoine , Dherbecourt Jean-Baptiste , Raybaut Myriam , Délen Xavier , Melkonian Jean-Michel , Georges Patrick , Pašiškevičius Valdas , Godard Antoine
Published: May 2024

We present 1D and 3D cylindrical symmetry numerical models of the BWOPO. While 1D modeling is sufficient to retrieve most of the spectral properties, 3D modeling is required for quantitative studies of the conversion efficiency.
Pr:Lu2S3 - New Low-phonon Energy Material for Mid-infrared Laser Sources
Authors: Šulc Jan , Fibrich Martin , Havlák Lubomír , Jarý Vítězslav , Král Robert , Vaněček Vojtěch , Vyhlídal David , Jelínkova Helena , Nikl Martin
Published: May 2024

New praseodymium-doped lutetium sesqui-sulfide single crystal Pr:Lu2S3 was grown by micro-pulling-down technique. The highest-energy peak in Raman spectrum corresponds to 312 cm-1. The excitation and fluorescence spectra up to 6 μm are presented.