bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La inexistencia de finalidad medioambiental en el Impuesto sobre el Valor de la Producción de Energía Eléctrica (IVPEE) y sus consecuencias jurídicas
Authors: Leiva López Alejandro D.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we examine the legitimacy of the Tax on the Value of Electricity Generation, from the perspective of its constitutionality and its compatibility with the European Union Law. In particular, we examine the environmental goal that the Law 15/2012 attributes to the Tax on the Value of Electricity Generation, and its important legal implications. On this point, at the present time, we are waiting for the pronouncement of the Court of Justice of the European Union, in relation to a preliminary ruling raised by the High Court of Justice of Valencia, because it has appreciated the mismatch between this state tax and the European Union Law. This expected pronouncement is going to have important legal implications, because if the Court of Justice of the European Union concludes that there is no environmental goals in the elements of the tax, the electricity generators may initiate state liability proceedings, on the occasion of damages caused by a state law in conflict with the European Union Law. In this way, they could recover the undue income paid to the Spanish Tax Agency.
La protección ambiental como norma y uso del territorio: el ejemplo del Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservación de la Naturaleza (SNUC) en Brasil
Authors: Freitas André Vieira , Pereira Mirlei Fachini Vicente
Published: January 2021

The National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC) is a set of regulatory mechanisms for creation and management of protected areas in Brazil based on integrated action of the different political-administrative spheres of the State. Its legal design foresees a series of conservation units that seek to guarantee conservation and environmental preservation. In addition to presenting the structuration of SNUC and its materialization in the Brazilian territory, this paper reflects on its objectives as territorial uses and norms. The main contribution sought is to encourage a comprehensive understanding of protected areas as inherent elements of the dynamics of land use in Brazil.
Las multas coercitivas por incumplimiento de las decisiones del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea en materia medioambiental
Authors: Gascón Marcén Ana
Published: January 2021

This paper analyzes the repercussions for the States of the non-enforcement of the decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union in environmental matters. The mechanism of article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is examined, that is, the sanctions (penalty payments and lump sums) that can be dictated when a judgment of an infringement proceeding is not respected. The possibility of imposing periodic penalty payments when a State does not comply with interim measures ordered by the Court (as it happened for the first time in the Białowieża case) is also studied.
The Socioenvironmental Function of Rural Property: Building a New Proposal for the Resolution of Land Disputes in the South of the State Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Rabbani Roberto Muhájir Rahnemay , Narezi Gabriela , Rabbani Allívia Rouse Carregosa , Kohlman Rabbani Emilia Rahnemay
Published: January 2021

Rich in natural resources, Brazil is a country of continental proportions facing major social problems, many of which linked to the unequal distribution of land. In this regard, much land in Brazil fails to meet the principles of rational and adequate use, in terms of productivity, preservation of the environment, and labor relations. This article outlines the legal framework governing the socioenvironmental function of property in Brazil and examines how the interested parties in land disputes in the south of the State of Bahia have reached a peaceful consensual solution to conflict. Based on this analysis, we present a model that can be applied to similar disputes. We conducted a review of relevant laws and judicial decisions and analyzed documents relating to disputes between the forestry company Veracel Celulose S.A. and family farmer associations between 2009 and 2016. Our findings show that, despite the fact that the normative base of the settlements is effectively grounded in the notion of the social function of property, absolutely no mention of the principle was made by the parties and legal actors during the process or in the agreements: the solution came about as the result of a consensus reached by two interested parties. This could therefore be said to be a case of “judicial redundancy”, whereby the key underlying legal principles relating to the social function of property were fulfilled without resorting to the courts.
The Need for Legal Improvement of Civil Liability for the Guarantee of the Human Right to Access to Water as an Essential Public Service in Brazil: An Analysis based on the São Paulo Water Crisis (2014-2016)
Authors: Ferraço André Augusto Giuriatto , Moraes Gabriela Garcia Batista Lima
Published: January 2021

The management of the water crisis faces great complexity due to its causes and repercussions on the environment and individual rights. In Brazil, water supply can be understood as an essential service, insofar as it guarantees the right of access to water resources. To better clarify the public water supply service during the crisis and its effects on individual compensation claims, the study proposes an analysis considering the Brazilian legal context in the water crisis in São Paulo, between 2014 and 2016, to investigate what should be improved in water supply and legal liability in this case. The article aims to reinforce the legal structure of water management, to obtain better legal responses to cope with water crises. As a result, it is argued that transparency and coherence in public water regulation are key aspects for managing the water crisis and measuring legal liability. Compliance with these aspects ensures the safeguarding of the principles of continuity of essential services and the supremacy of the public interest in water services.
De la sopa verde al mar de cristal: una propuesta tributaria para la eutrofización del Mar Menor en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Salassa Boix Rodolfo
Published: January 2021

Considering that the eutrophication of the Mar Menor has health, environmental and economic consequences for the Region of Murcia, which promise to worsen with Covid-19; that one of its main causes lies in the excessive use of artificial fertilizers for agricultural activity and that Tax Law can be an effective mechanism to modify human behavior, our purpose is to determine how the regional tax system can help to reverse the eutrophic situation of the Mar Menor. For these purposes we will see the link between tax measures and the protection of the environment; we will analyze the way in which other countries have implemented these measures to tax artificial fertilizers and, finally, we will evaluate the different alternatives in the Region of Murcia for applying measures to modify current agricultural practices and the role that Environmental Taxation plays.
Business Improvement Districts y sostenibilidad urbana. A propósito de la regulación de las áreas de promoción de la actividad económica urbana en Cataluña
Authors: Araguàs Galcerà Irene
Published: January 2021

This paper analyzes environmental problems caused by commercial activities in the dispersed city model, and the contribution of the Business Improvement Districts (BID) in this matter. A Business Improvement District is a public-private partnership in which business of a defined area decide to pay a levy in order to provide supplemental services to those provided by the municipality. BID’s action contributes to urban generation and helps to fight against decentralization. The first BID was established in Canada but nowadays there are so many European countries with BIDs, and it is expected that Spain will have a complete regulation of BIDs very soon. Catalan trade legislation has been the first to contemplate an equivalent figure –the Urban Economic Activity Promotion Areas- and, currently, the Parlament of Catalonia is currently considering a Bill.
La contratación pública como herramienta para promover la responsabilidad ambiental
Authors: Dopazo Fraguío María Pilar
Published: January 2021

The current Public Sector Contract Law has reinforced the consideration and assessment of compliance with qualitative, environmental and social budgets. This, without a doubt, represents an outstanding advance in terms of the positive integration of these aspects and promoting their effective demand in practice. In accordance with this motivation, this text reflects on the opportunity offered by the current configuration of the instrument of public procurement; and the added functionality that it can provide as a useful means of action for the aforementioned effects is especially highlighted. Which is observed from a preventive, strategic and operational approach, also in order to reinforce environmental responsibility.
Extractivismo, pandemias y derechos colectivos: el caso de los pueblos indígenas del Yasuní (Amazonía ecuatoriana)
Authors: Cevallos Sofia
Published: January 2021

Through the case study of the Kichwa and Waorani indigenous communities of the Yasuní Park, this article will point out some elements of the particular situation that the Amazonian peoples are going through, as a result of the advance of the pandemic linked to the expansion of COVID-19 in territories threatened by extractive activities. While at the national level, the COVID-19 has placed Ecuador on the list of Latin American countries with the highest number of infections and deaths, in the Ecuadorian Amazon the statistics are alarming, revealing on the ineffectiveness, not to say the absence, of State policies necessary to prevent its propagation. On the other hand, taking advantage of the vulnerability caused by the pandemic, the Ecuadorian government has intensified oil activities in the Yasuní, which has represented a double threat to the life and rights of indigenous peoples. The historically exclusionary nature of virus and disease prevention measures in indigenous territories is intertwined with the arbitrary nature of extractivist processes, however, influencing the reinforcement of political strategies of community organization to face the racist matrix that persists in the structures of the Ecuadorian State.
Derecho y políticas ambientales en Asturias (segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Boto Álvarez Alejandra
Published: January 2021

Derecho y políticas ambientales en Asturias (segundo semestres 2020)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Castilla y León (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Sanz Rubiales Iñigo
Published: January 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Castilla y León (Segundo semestre 2020)
Jurisprudencia constitucional en materia de protección del medio ambiente (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Esteve Jordà Clara
Published: January 2021

Jurisprudencia constitucional en materia de protección del medio ambiente (Segundo semestre 2020)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Asturias (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Boto Álvarez Alejandra
Published: January 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Asturias (Segundo semestre 2020)
Derecho y políticas ambientales en Aragón (segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Herraiz Serrano Olga
Published: January 2021

Derecho y políticas ambientales en Aragón (segundo semestre 2020)
El autogobierno P’URHÉPECHA de Cherán y las estrategias comunitarias frente a la pandemia
Authors: Diaz Antonio Fuentes , Moreno Badajoz Rocio del Pilar , Rivero Borrell Zermeño Luis Eduardo
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the reaction to Covid-19 in the P’urhépecha community of San Francisco Cherán, Michoacán, Mexico. It argues that this reaction was articulated based on the practices and institutions that emerged in the struggle for the recognition of collective rights, self-determination processes and self-government that began in 2011, detonated in the context of defense of the communal forest. against illegal logging allowed by the link between government and organized crime. Long-term health memories are intertwined in community strategies to face Covid-19 through the use of traditional medicine and midwifery, with hygiene measures and clinical health surveillance.
La autonomía Guaraní Charagua Iyambae (Bolivia) en tiempos de emergencia sanitaria y excepción política
Authors: Morell i Torra Pere
Published: January 2021

This research analyzes the impacts, responses and perceptions around the Covid-19 pandemic in the Guaraní Charagua Iyambae Autonomy, the first indigenous autonomy of the Plurinational State of Bolivia, formed in January 2017 after a complex autonomic construction process initiated in 2009. The study proposes to analyze a phenomenon of global scope, the Covid-19 pandemic, from a local perspective, with the aim of providing a situated understanding of the effects of the pandemic on indigenous peoples, as well as of its response capacity through the exercise of indigenous self-government. Through an in-depth analysis of the main socio-environmental dynamics of a territory subjected to multiple processes of ecological pressure and socio-economic transformation, we will understand structural and internal limitations to the exercise of autonomy and indigenous territorial sovereignty that condition the capacity to response to the pandemic from this new indigenous autonomy of the Plurinational State of Bolivia.
Derecho y políticas ambientales en La Rioja (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Muñoz Benito Lucía
Published: January 2021

Derecho y políticas ambientales en La Rioja (Segundo semestre 2020)
El pueblo indígena Inkal Awá en Colombia: Ante las armas, la palabra
Authors: Durán Castellanos Maria Alejandra
Published: January 2021

This note addresses the situation of the indigenous group Inkal Awá from Nariño (Colombia) in the current framework of the Covid-19 pandemic. The text focuses especially on the current context of the Telembí subregion, a strategic corridor and ecological enclave where a multiplicity of armed actors are present and where there are 6 of the 32 indigenous reservations that the Awá People's Indigenous Unit (UNIPA) represents. The Awás inhabit a historically contested territory by economical, military and political interests. Nevertheless, with the signing of the Peace Agreement in 2016, new actors, factors and opportunities to guarantee the physical and cultural survival of this Indigenous People have come into play.
Jurisprudencia ambiental en las Islas Canarias (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Jiménez Jaén Adolfo Domingo
Published: January 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en las Islas Canarias (Segundo semestre 2020)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en la Comunidad de Madrid (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Entrena Ruiz Daniel Bruno
Published: January 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en la Comunidad de Madrid (Segundo semestre 2020)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Castilla la Mancha (Segundo semestre 2020)
Authors: Garrido Cuenca Nuria Maria
Published: January 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Castilla la Mancha (Segundo semestre 2020)
Gesture as part of Second Language Acquisition for Turkish Learners (A Cross-cultural Repertoire of Gestures from Turkish, Russian, Spanish and Brazilian Cultures)
Authors: Murias Román Ruth
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar, clasificar y comparar los diversos gestos emblemáticos característicos de la cultura turca para su potencial utilización en el aula de turco como lengua extranjera. Con la finalidad de identificar los gestos específicos empleados y reconocidos en la sociedad turca se llevó a cabo un cuestionario a 54 informantes. Los hallazgos de la investigación revelan que existen gestos emblemáticos resultantes de las 151 funciones comunicativas más habituales de la lengua, de los cuales, nueve son exponencialmente únicos de la cultura turca. A continuación, con el propósito de establecer la existencia de gestos propios de la cultura turca, esto es, gestos vacíos, se ha realizado una comparativa con los signos no verbales de la cultura española, brasileña y rusa. El glosario resultante de estos gestos confirma la necesidad imperiosa de incluir elementos propios de la comunicación no verbal en el proceso de adquisición del turco como segunda lengua o lengua extranjera.
La enseñanza de la cortesía en ELE: actos de habla y tendencias en investigación
Authors: Brodersen Lucas
Published: January 2021

Learners of a foreign language need to develop competences that exceed the formal aspects of a language in order to communicate in a successful way. Due to this, pragmatic competence plays an essential role and, in this sense, the inclusion of contents related to politeness has become indispensable in course programs, syllabi and teaching materials. This article offers the current status of research on the production of many research papers that have addressed, in the last years, how politeness (especially speech acts) is approached in Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL) textbooks. In addition, we study various teaching units that have been designed to practise speech acts in specific contexts. We consider that this panorama makes substantial contributions to the teaching and learning area of SFL and helps as a reference for researchers focused on politeness. Moreover, we aim to encourage proposals and define methodological lines that promote advances in material design.
Single cell dissociation of intestinal gut tissue for scRNAseq of all cell types v1
Authors: McIntyre Rebecca
Published: January 2021

This protocol was developed for scRNAseq of intestinal biopsies. For our study, we needed to preserve all cell types and minimise changes to gene expression, while keeping all cells healthy in order to detect small genotype-associated changes in gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci). To achieve this, we use the Bacillus Licheniformis Protease (BLP) which digests intestinal biopsies on ice. BLP does not release mesenchymal cells very well, and so Collagenase IV is used at RT for 10 min to release more of those. We add two inhibitors of anoikis - Rocki and a pan caspase inhibitor - at the start of the digest. No digests are performed at 37oC to avoid anoikis and minimise gene expression changes. Finally, cells are incubated in a hypotonic solution to remove low quality cells that are pro-apoptotic. Expected results: Trypan blue staining shows cell viability of F1 (largely immune cells) and fraction F2 (largely epithelial cells) is comparable to Collagenase digests (90%). It takes another ~1 h for cells to pass through the Chromium. After 10X, we see a substantial increase in the viability of epithelial cells compared to warm collagenase digest methods. The digest supports the isolation of healthy intestinal epithelial cells, which are usually of low quality as they are prone to anoikis during standard EDTA incubation or warm collagenase digests. All major cell types are identified, including rare tuft cells and enteroendocrine cells. Although detectable, mesenchymal cells are not as abundant as they are after warm collagenase digests.
Thyroid profile in patients of thalassemia with multiple blood transfusions and high serum ferritin: a cross-sectional study
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Khandelwal Dr. Rohit , Gundluru Dr. Muralidhar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Mehta K. Dr. Leeni ,   Consultant Physician, Apollo Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Beta-thalassemia major patients undergo regular blood transfusion resulting ingrowth faltering and various endocrine problems including thyroid dysfunction due to iron overloadin the body. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in childrenpresenting with Beta-thalassemia major on regular blood transfusions. Materials and methods:Sixty children were included with proven beta-thalassemia major who reported to the Department ofPediatrics, VIMS, and RC, Bangalore. Inclusion criteria: 1.Children 4 to 18 years age group .2.Thechild received transfusions for more than 2 years. 3.Children with serum ferritin level >700.Results: In this study, four patients(6.8%) had overt hypothyroidism, eight patients(13.6%) hadsubclinical hypothyroidism and 47 patients(79.7%) had euthyroid status. There was a positivecorrelation between Ferritin and T4, TSH levels. i.e., with an increase in Ferritin level, there was anincrease in T4, TSH levels, and vice versa. However, the correlation was significant with TSH. Therewas a significant negative correlation between Ferritin and T3 levels. i.e with an increase in Ferritinlevel, there was a decrease in T3 levels and vice versa. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction can exist inthalassemia patients on multiple transfusions and chelation therapy with high serum ferritin levels.Detection of hypothyroidism is important as inexpensive oral replacement therapy is readilyavailable. Hence regular screening of beta-thalassemia major patients for Serum T3, Serum T4,Serum TSH for early detection and timely treatment could improve the life expectancy and quality oflife of these patients.
Eye donation awareness and willingness among patients attending ophthalmology OPD at Goa medical college and hospital
Authors:   Consultant Eye Surgeon, Department Of Ophthalmology, Goa Medical College, Goa, India, Gaunekar Dr. Ankita
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Significant cause of corneal blindness in India is due to trauma and corneal ulcers.India needs 2.5lakh donated corneas every year, the country’s eye banks manage to collect onlyabout 44806, out of these only some are utilized for sight restoration as the others do not meet thestandard for transplantation. The present study aimed to evaluate the awareness regarding eyedonation among the patients and their relatives attending the outpatient department (OPD) at GoaMedical College and hospital, giving them the knowledge and thus encouraging them to pledge theireyes for donation, which is the need of the hour. Material and Methods: This study was conductedon 300 patients who attended ophthalmology OPD (outpatient department) at Goa medical collegeand hospital. This is a closed-end type of study wherein the patients who were willing to participatein the study were requested to fill the form and answer 10 questions related to the awareness of eyedonation and willingness to donate eyes. The questionnaire had the first few questions regardingbrief details about each participant followed by 10 questions which had multiple options andparticipants were requested to answer as per their choice. It was a pretested questionnaire thatincluded questions on eye donation awareness, knowledge regarding the subject, and willingness todonate eyes. All participants were well informed about the study type and written informed consentwas taken for the same. No patients were harmed during the study. Results: The results showedthat 252 (84%)among 300 patients were aware of eye donation. Awareness was maximum throughmass media and hospitals. 68% of responders were not aware that there is an eye bank in Goa.79% of responders were not aware that only cornea is removed from the donor’s eye. Only about32% of the patients were willing to donate their eyes.
Issues in Regional Linguistics and Tools of Modern Linguistic Research: Introduction to the Linguistic Edition of the Journal of Siberian Federal University
Authors: Muchkina Ekaterina S. , Magirovskaya Oksana V.
Published: January 2021

The 21st century linguistic research is becoming different. It is due to both new challenges and strivings for wider coverage of the language map of the world. The latter manifests itself in an unprecedented interest in indigenous languages that are in urgent need of analysis as they show the paths to deeper penetration into regional cultures and greater awareness of their representatives’ mentality. No less important are new linguistic descriptions of Oriental and European discourse practices that currently develop and reveal the nations’ mentality as well as their patterns of verbal and nonverbal behaviour. Present-day linguistics also focuses on the issues that have previously been beyond its scope. It has become collaboratively expansive with other fields of knowledge, providing significant scientific ground for the analysis of sign languages and speech disorders. Rich methodological basis, a variety of approaches and tools, well developed theories and conceptions form a profound theoretical and empirical foundation for modern linguistic research and largely facilitate its further development
Trifluridine / tipiracil (FTd / TPI, TAS-102) in the treatment of patients with metastatic colon cancer: from preclinical experiments to routine clinical practice
Authors: Fedyanin M. Yu.
Published: January 2021

The development of new treatment options gradually brings metastatic colon cancer closer to a chronic disease that can last for years. One of such options is trifluridine / tipiracil (FTD / TPI, TAS-102), a new chemotherapeutic agent, which has already been registered in more than 60 countries. It increases patients’ survival and has an acceptable toxicity profile (adverse events primarily include hematological complications). This literature review aims to cover various aspects related to this new drug, including its pharmacokinetics, maximum tole rated dose, possibility of its use in patients with liver disorders, results of its simultaneous use with targeted therapy, comparison with other therapeutic approaches in patients with chemorefractory metastatic rectal cancer, etc.
Combination therapy for patients with advanced forms of distal rectal cancer during neoadjuvant thermoradiotherapy
Authors: Barsukov Yu. A. , Tkachev S. I. , Mamedli Z. Z. , Perevoshchikov A. G. , Vlasov O. A. , Kulushev V. M. , Aliev V. A. , Goncharov S. V.
Published: January 2021

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy in patients with stage сT3N0M0 and сT2–3N1–2M0 distal rectal cancer during a short course of neoadjuvant thermoradiotherapy compared to radiotherapy or surgical treatment alone.

Materials and methods. A total of 166 patients received 3 sessions of local microwave hyperthermia (LMH) at a temperature of 43–45 °C for 60 minutes during a short course of radiotherapy (LMH + CT); 138 patients received combination treatment (CT) using preoperative radiotherapy alone; 197 patients received surgical treatment (ST) only.

Results. In patients receiving LMH + CT, overall incidence of complications was 38.6 % and did not significantly differ from that in patients receiving ST (p = 0.8464) and CT (p = 0.5383). We observed no significant differences in the severity of postoperative complications (according to the Clavien–Dindo classification) between the three groups of study participants treated using different regimens. The incidence of relapses was 6 % in the LMH + CT group vs 17.3 % in the ST group (p <0.0011) and 10.9 % in the CT group (p = 0.1258). Relapse-free survival rates were significantly higher in patients receiving LMH + CT than in patients who had ST alone: 59.4 % vs 51 % (p = 0.04). Difference in relapse-free survival between the CT and ST groups was not significant (56.5 % vs 51 %, respectively, p = 0.07). The frequency of therapeutic pathomorphosis was significantly higher (p <0.00001) in the LMH + CT group than in the CT group (14.9 % and 1.5 %, respectively).

Conclusions. LMH has a universal radiosensitizing potential that can increase tumor radiosensitivity and improve treatment outcomes.
Features of metastasis and recurrence in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors
Authors: Beyshembaev A. M. , Temirova M. Sh. , Zhordania K. I. , Kashurnikov A. Yu.
Published: January 2021

Objective:a retrospective analysis of association of the tumor stage of stromal cell ovarian tumors with the frequency of recurrence and development of metastases in lymph nodes.

Materials and methods.473 patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors with various histological types were examined, and long-term treatment results were evaluated.

Results.The highest recurrence rate (more than 80 %) was observed in stages II, III and IV. The frequency of development of metastases in the lymph nodes was highest in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors of III–IV stages (50 %); however, in more than 40 % of cases of metastases in the lymph nodes was developed in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors of IА, IВ, IС stages. The remaining 10 % of cases were in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors of II stage. In patients with I stage without lymphadenectomy, metastases in the lymph nodes was developed in 21 % cases.

Conclusions.The high frequency of lymph node metastasis in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors is a risk factor, which had to be evaluated to develop surgical treatment tactics.
Artificial Intelligence in surgical practice
Authors: Melnikov P. V. , Dovedov V. N. , Kanner D. Yu. , Chernikovskiy I. L.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this literature review was to a highlight the basic concepts of artificial intelligence in medicine, focusing on the application of this area of technological development in changes of surgery. PubMed and Google searches were performed using the key words “artificial intelligence”, “surgery”. Further references were obtained by cross-referencing the key articles.

The integration of artificial intelligence into surgical practice will take place in the field of education, storage and processing of medical data and the speed of implementation will be in direct proportion to the cost of labor and the need for “transparency” of statistical data.
Social and psychological phenomena and factors associated with body modifications in adolescents and young people
Authors: Kozhukhar G.S.
Published: January 2021

The article presents a theoretical analysis of modern foreign ideas about socio-psychological phenomena and factors associated with tattooing and abandonment among adolescents and young people, as well as the role of body modifications in the development of personality. Based on the analysis done, body modifications are interpreted as symptoms of deformations of the formation of adolescent identity, distorted ideas about spirituality and self-expression. The article discusses the role of such socio-psychological phenomena in the lives of people with tattoos as social identity, social adaptation, discrimination, social biases, temporary perspective, alienation and stigmatization. It also shows the specific interplay between tattooing and socio-psychological factors: inclusion in certain social groups, and their reference, the importance of the quality of contacts and close relationships in which young people enter, significant family influence, significant others, culture and religion.
Attachment quality in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury
Authors: Snegireva T.V. , Volikova S.V.
Published: January 2021

Foreign studies reveal a connection between attachment disorders and the occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents. Domestic studies, for all the relevance and importance of this topic, are few. It remains unclear which attachment disorders have the greatest impact on the emergence of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior: there are studies that have shown that the occurrence of NSSI is influenced by an attachment disorder to both parents, but there are studies that have revealed that attachment disorders to the father play a more significant role. It also discusses whether attachment to parents or peers has the greatest impact on the occurrence of NSSI and mental well-being in adolescence. The degree of influence of attachment to parents and peers is debated. Described are the targets and methods of psychological treatmentof adolescents with NSSI and their families.
Priorities of psychological and educational work with generation Z (foreign experience)
Authors: Ermolova Т.V. , Litvinov A.V. , Savitskaya N.V. , Logvinova O.K.
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes foreign data on the characteristics of the psychological profile of the digital generation and counter-actions of employers, as representatives of previous generations, in order to understand and develop a common language in contacts. The authors consider this multi-level interconnectedness in a space-time structure that combines the educational system and the labour market. For the first time, it is proposed to apply the term of the forward request to the interpretation of the work of this design on the principle of feedback. The material proposed for discussion is differentiated into blocks: a general idea of the psychological portrait of teenagers and youth of the generation; forwarding requests to the educational system from employers and professionals (in the sought-after areas of professional sports, business, tourism, medical and social services); resources to shape the competencies of the generation Z; certain aspects of the topic. The article reveals a number of topical points (assistant ego, prenosological diagnostics, status assessment tools). In conclusion, it is intended to recognize the need to "refine" personal socio-psychological deficits in order to alleviate the difficulties of integrating young people into the workforce.
Role of vasoactive drugs in the OAB complex treatment
Authors: Al-Shukri Salman Kh. , Kuzmin Igor V. , Boriskin Anton G. , Slesarevskaya Margarita N.
Published: January 2021

Aim of the study.To investigate the vasoactive drugs for urinary bladder wall ischemia correction, based on its role in OAB pathogenesis.
Patients and methods.OAB treatment in 150 women was performed. In addition to the standard anticholinergic therapy microcirculation corrector was prescribed to some patients with insufficient treatment efficacy.
Results.The combination of simultaneous prescription of anticholinergic and vasoactive drugs was effective for OAB treatment. The treatment resulted in significant decrease of the OAB symptoms.
Conclusion.Low efficacy of M-cholinolytic therapy of the OAB patients is determined by the blood flow disturbances in the urinary bladder wall. It is reasonable to include the vasoactive drugs in complex OAB therapy.
Peculiarities of hemostasis in transurethral resection of prostatic gland using fybrinolysis inhibitor
Authors: Goloshchapov Evgenii T. , Lukichev Georgiy B.
Published: January 2021

Tissue plasminogen activator being the most important component part of fybrinolysis is producing and accumulating in the prostatic gland. In surgical treatment of prostate an increased bleeding often occurs during the surgical operations on the prostate during as well as in post-operative period. General and local fybrino- lysis increase is in case among the reasons of haemor-ragy as a result of mechanical action on prostatic gland tissue in the process of an operation. It is suggested the use of Tranexam a tranexamic acid drug to neutralize an increasing fybrinolysis. In 83 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia, which underwent by transurethral resection of prostate, significantly positive effect of Tranexam was found, prescribed in therapeutic doses before operation, during operation and in early postoperative period.
Kaplan classes of a certain family of functions
Authors: Ignaciuk Szymon , Parol Maciej
Published: January 2021

We give the complete characterization of members of Kaplan classes of products of power functions with all zeros symmetrically distributed in \(\mathbb{T} := \{z \in\mathbb{C} : |z| = 1\}\) and weakly monotonic sequence of powers. In this way we extend Sheil-Small’s theorem. We apply the obtained result to study univalence of antiderivative of these products of power functions.
Selected Aspects of Ecological Dimensions of Ecotourism Development in the Networks of National Natural and Regional Landscape Parks of Ukraine
Authors: Tsaryk Lyubomyr , Kuzyshyn Andrii , Tsaryk Petro
Published: January 2021

Przeprowadzone badania miały na celu uzasadnienie roli i znaczenia ekoturystyki dla zrównoważonego wykorzystania naturalnych zasobów rekreacyjnych na przykładzie Ukrainy. W artykule opisano zaopatrzenie terenów administracyjnych w środki ekoturystyczne (w obrębie istniejących narodowych i regionalnych parków krajobrazowych) oraz wpływ skutków kryzysu i niedoszacowania czynnika środowiskowego na warunki wypoczynku ludzi. Postępujący rozwój sfery turystyczno-rekreacyjnej wymaga opracowania specjalnej strategii rozwoju terytorialnego. Mechanizmem jej realizacji powinna być procedura planowania krajobrazu. W toku badań: dokonano typologii regionów administracyjnych ze względu na stopień dostępności rekreacyjnych zasobów obszarów chronionych dla ekoturystyki oraz opracowano kartograficzne wsparcie dla tego problemu; udowodniono wpływ czynnika ekologicznego na stan i efektywne wykorzystanie potencjału przyrodniczego obszarów chronionych w celach przyrodniczych i rekreacyjnych; stworzono mapę narodowych parków krajobrazowych Ukrainy dedykowaną obszarom o różnym stopniu zanieczyszczenia; przeprowadzono analizę korelacyjną. Zebrane dane świadczą o braku efektywnego systemu zarządzania środowiskowego na poziomie zjednoczonej wspólnoty terytorialnej wiejskiej oraz na poziomie powiatu, a także o braku stabilnych powiązań zarządczych między regionalnymi wydziałami ekologii i zasobów naturalnych oraz powiatami i zjednoczonymi wspólnotami terytorialnymi. Ta okoliczność nie przyczynia się do skoordynowanego i terminowego rozwiązywania złożonych problemów geoekologicznych, lecz działa jak hamulec dla zrównoważonego rozwoju ekologicznego, społeczno-gospodarczego i turystyki ekologicznej.
The early history of the Roman Catholic parish in Bibrka
Authors: Ivashko Roman
Published: January 2021

Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza pierwszych zapisów dotyczących historii rzymskokatolickiej parafii w Bóbrce. Aby to osiągnąć, autor zapoznał się z tablicą pamiątkową, treścią niedawno znalezionego dokumentu dotyczącego historii parafii oraz odpowiednimi zapisami Metryki Koronnej. Wyjawiono, że najwcześniejsze znane udokumentowane dowody darowizn na rzecz miejscowej parafii Najświętszej Maryi Panny pochodzą z czasu panowania króla Kazimierza IV Jagiellończyka.
Staropolskie ekshorty (ekscytarze) – geneza, cechy i odmiany (zapowiedź monografii)
Authors: Kuran Michał
Published: January 2021

Celem studium jest określenie w oparciu o dotychczasowy stan badań zakresu problemowego przyszłej monografii, która poświęcona byłaby staropolskim ekshortacjom i pokazywała węzłowe dla niej zagadnieia. Przedmiotem refleksji jest literatura polska XVI i XVII wieku: epika bohaterska, poezja i proza okolicznościowa, oratorstwo. Punkt wyjścia dla rozważań stanowi antyczna geneza ekshortacji jako formy spotykanej w epice bohaterskiej i dziełach historycznych. W dalszej części rozważań przedstawia się stanowiska polskich badaczy, którzy pisali o ekshortacjach, między innymi: Juliusza Nowaka-Dłużewskiego, Alojzego Sajkowskiego, Jadwigi Kuczyńskiej, Romana Krzywego i Renaty Gałaj-Dempniak. W oparciu o ustalenia Teresy Michałowskiej z zakresu genologii stawia się tezę, iż ekshortacja jest osobnym gatunkiem literackim posługującym się zespołem toposów. Przyszła monografia ma ukazać funkcjonowanie ekshortacji w traktatach z zakresu poetyki i retoryki, jako osobnego gatunku literackiego, jej obecność w liryce, epice i oratorstwie, jako wypowiedź samoistną i niesamoistną poligraficznie i treściowo, jak też zmienną swoistość topiki ekshortacyjnej, która służyć miała skutecznemu formowaniu rzeczywistości w ramach parentezy.
Паэтычны свет Надзеі Артымовіч і Міры Лукшы: агульнае і адрознае
Authors: Twaranowicz Halina
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie fenomenu twórczości członków Białoruskiego Stowarzyszenia Literackiego „Białowieża”, które powstało w 1958 roku w Białymstoku i od pewnego czasu znalazło się w kręgu zainteresowań badaczy literatury, a wpisuje się w nurt białoruskiej literatury Polski. W ostatnim czasie znaczne zainteresowanie wywołuje wielopokoleniowa poezja „kobieca” (Alena Aniszewska, Maryla Bazyluk, Żenia Martyniuk, Lidia Malinowska, Justyna Korolko, Wioleta Nikiciuk, Katarzyna Sienkiewicz). W artykule analizowana jest twórczość dwóch najbardziej wyrazistych a zarazem przeciwstawnych poetyk oraz światów poetyckich – Nadziei Artymowicz oraz Miry Łukszy. Analizie poddano problem tradycji i nowatorstwa, kierunki odmiennego rozwoju tematyki i motywów w ich poezji, co pozwoliło wyodrębnić te elementy, które są dla obu poetek wspólne, a także te które charakteryzują ich warsztat literacki w sposób niepowtarzalny. W procesie badawczym wykorzystano metodę komparatywistyczną oraz opisowo-analityczną.
Réécritures des mythes : Les figures féminines dans le théâtre français et francophone au tournant du siècle (1980-2020).
Authors: Leontaridou Dora
Published: January 2021

W interpretacjach mitów antycznych w teatrze francuskim i frankofońskim z przełomu XX i XXI wieku postaci kobiece zyskują na znaczeniu w stosunku do ich pierwowzorów z hipotekstów. Dzieje się tak dzięki wykorzystaniu różnorodnych zabiegów. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą przybliżenia tego zagadnienia, a przede wszystkim zbadania, w jaki sposób nadaje się większą wagę postaciom kobiecym w tragediach: Enchaîné autorstwa Oliviera Py, Iphigénie ou le péché des dieux Michela Azamy, Jocasta reine Nancy Huston oraz Médée, poème enragé Jean-René Lemoine’a. Utwory te wybrano między innymi z uwagi na ich reprezentatywny charakter w ukazywaniu waloryzacji roli postaci kobiecych wywodzących się z mitologii.
O czym milczy syrena Kraszewskiego?
Authors: Rudkowska Magdalena
Published: January 2021

Artykuł dotyczy powieści Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego, opublikowanej pierwotnie pod tytułem Syrena w warszawskiej „Gazecie Codziennej” z 1859 roku, a następnie w wersji książkowej pod tytułem Piękna pani we Lwowie w 1871 roku. Powieść została negatywnie oceniona przez krytykę literacką, co miało związek przede wszystkim z trudną do zaakceptowania przez recenzentów rolą, jaką odgrywała w powieści silna, demoniczna postać kobieca zagrażająca światu męskiemu. Biorąc pod uwagę konteksty innych powieści Kraszewskiego (np. powieść Orbeka, 1867), prezentujących wizerunek femme fatale oraz feminocentryczne wątki mitologiczne, w artykule przedstawiono propozycję lektury tego utworu jako dzieła otwartego, wieloznacznego, wywołującego kontrowersje, a tym samym twórczo zapisanego w historii literatury i krytyki XIX wieku. Tytułowe milczenie syreny staje się metaforą tego, co w powieści nie zostało wypowiedziane wprost, a co wiąże się z doświadczeniem kobiecości – niepokojącym, trudnym, bolesnym, przekładającą się również na polskie doświadczenie zbiorowe.
Iniuria Suffered by a Slave?
Authors: Nowicka Dobromiła
Published: January 2021

The dissonance between the perception of edictum de iniuriis quae servis fiunt on Ulpian’s and Gaius’ part is so significant that it can lead to a conclusion that a deed done to a slave – even if not always, what seems the most probable, certainly in most cases – qualified only as an insult harming the slave’s owner, whereas a would-be actio servi nomine was de facto not in use. As an infringement of a slave could additionally give rise to an owner’s entitlement to plead for damages according to the Aquilian regime, it seems that practical use of the edictal clause with regard to actio servi nomine, even if possible to take place at a certain level of legal development of the delict, was of minor importance. However, recognizing the main role of the edict in providing a modern and flexible basis for bringing praetorial actio iniuriarum suo nomine in a case of iniuria suffered through one’s slave, not limited to decemviral instances of os fractum and membrum ruptum, appears to be the most probable interpretation.
Geneza i ewolucja parlamentu finlandzkiego Eduskunty
Authors: Serzhanova Viktoriya
Published: January 2021

The hereby paper undertakes the analysis of the genesis and evolution of the Finland’s Parliament Eduskunta from the moment of its establishment till nowadays, including the characteristics of its present constitutional position, being a result of its development during the centuries, with paying special attention to the current normative state and made on the basis of the hitherto constitutional practice. The article aims at deriving the origin and presenting the development of this organ in Finland, which in consequence leads to reliable conclusions in the field of determining its current constitutional position in the system of the supreme state authorities of Finland. The subject of the paper particularly focuses mostly on the analysis of the beginnings of Eduskunta’s formation and Finnish parliamentarianism, as well as its further evolution during different periods of its history, i.e. the time when Finland was included into the Kingdom of Sweden, the period when it was incorporated into the Russian Imperium and after it gained independence in 1917. The work also concentrates on the analysis of Eduskunta’s current constitutional position, its composition, internal structure, functions and competences presented on the basis of the exegesis of the provisions of the binding Basic Law of 1999 and the Parliament’s Rules of Procedure. The constitutional principles referring to the Parliament also seem to be of particular significance in this context, for they contribute to a more precise definition of Eduskunta’s constitutional position, as well as to pointing out its originality and dissimilarity regarding parliaments of other contemporary democratic states.
Zmiana składu zarządu województwa jako skutek zmiany statutu województwa w kontekście zachowania zasad polskiego ustrojowego prawa administracyjnego
Authors: Czerw Jarosław , Świerczyński Piotr
Published: January 2021

 This article presents the issues of changing the composition of the voivodeship board in the Republic of Poland as a result of the change in the voivodeship statute. As part of the legal analysis of the institution in question, the authors paid special attention to practical issues and nodal problems that may be encountered when interpreting the provisions of the Act of 5 June 1998 on Voivodeship Self-Government. The issues raised refer to the actual state of affairs in the Sejmik of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The article is of a scientific and research nature. The authors put forward three hypotheses and attempted to prove them in the framework of the conducted analysis. Firstly, a change in the composition of the voivodeship board as a result of the change in the voivodeship statute is possible in the light of the principles of the Polish systemic administrative law without the need to dismiss the entire voivodeship board. Secondly, in a situation where the resolution amending the articles of association did not include any adjusting provisions, it is necessary to adjust the make-up of the management board to the requirements of the amended articles as soon as possible. Thirdly, the solution according to which the dismissal or acceptance of a resignation of a board member by the voivodeship parliament and the election of a deputy marshal in his place within one resolution should be rejected. The results of the research carried out in the course of the analysis are original and innovative, as such studies have not been conducted so far. As a result, this article is a valuable source of knowledge for representatives of science and practice.
A Stabilized Fourier Spectral Method for the Fractional Cahn-Hilliard Equation
Authors: Mei Liquan
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the second order accurate (in time) energy stable numerical schemes are presented for the Fractional Cahn-Hilliard (CH) equation. Combining the stabilized technique, we apply the implicit Crank-Nicolson formula (CN) to derive second order temporal accuracy, and we use the Fourier spectral method for space discrete to obtain the fully discretization schemes. It is shown that the schemes are unconditionally energy stable. A few numerical experiments are presented to conclude the article.