bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION LEARNING SCHEDULE, FACILITIES, AND MOTIVATON ON LEARNING OUTCOMES OF EIGHTH GRADE STUDENT
Authors: Hariri Bambang , Asmawi Moch , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the effect of physical  education learning. The method in this study used path analysis. The sample included in this study amounted to 80 students. The results of the analysis show that the contribution of the Physical Education Learning Schedule (X1) to Physical Education Learning Outcomes (Y) is significant at 0.761. , Learning Facilities (X2) on Learning Outcomes (Y) which is significant at 0.687, Motivation (X3) on learning outcomes (Y) which is significant at 0.677 , Physical Education Learning Schedule (X1) on Motivation (X3) which is significant at 0.420 , Learning Means (X2) on Motivation (X3) which is significant at 0.401. The conclusion in this study is that physical education learning schedule, learning facilities and motivation both have a direct effect on physical education learning outcomes. Physical education learning schedule, learning facilities have a direct effect on students' motivation.
EVALUATION OF FOOTBALL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM AT ASIOP FOOTBALL ACADEMY IN JAKARTA
Authors: Fitriani  , Dlis Firmansyah , Wasan Aan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to evaluate the context component (program background, vision, and mission, objectives, strategies, organizational structure), and training development programs and management programs, evaluate the Input component (systems for recruiting and coaching trainers, facility support, student recruitment and coaching systems, training program, parental support and views, financial support, and enforcement of rules). To evaluate the components of the process implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the program. To evaluate the components of the product (individual and team results and contributions to Indonesian football). This study uses a qualitative method. The subjects in this study were the overall components of ASIOP Football Academy, namely administrators, coaches, students and parents. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, documents, and data triangulation. The data analysis techniques used are as follows: (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data presentation, and (4) conclusion drawing and verification. This study resulted in (1) Context evaluation of soccer coaching at ASIOP Football Academy being in a good category, (2) Evaluation of Input on soccer coaching at ASIOP Football Academy being in a good category, (3) Evaluation of soccer coaching process at ASIOP Football Academy. ASIOP Football Academy is in a good category, (4) Product evaluation of football coaching at ASIOP Football Academy is in a good category.
EFFECTIVENESS OF ENDURANCE TRAINING BASED ON SMALL-SIDED GAMES MODEL FOR BEGINNER WOMEN FUTSAL
Authors: Wenly Ayu Purnama Wenly , Pelana Ramdan , Wasan Aan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to see the effectiveness of endurance training based on small-sided games models for female futsal begginer players. The subject of the study is 12 beginner female futsal players from Padang Futsal Academy aged 19-23 years. The endurance variables are measured before and after endurance training based on small-sided games program is given. Research instruments using Multi Stage Fitness Test (MSFT). The results of the pre-test analysis were an average value of 28.6 ml/kg/min, the highest value of 31.4 ml/kg/min, the lowest value of 25.2 ml/kg/minute. Furthermore, the results of post-test analysis were the average data value of 37.9 ml/kg/min, the highest value of 41.1 ml/kg/min, the lowest value of 36.2 ml/kg/min. Test paired Sample T-Test through SPSS.26 application obtained Sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, it was concluded that there is an average difference between pre-test and post-test in Padang Futsal academy athletes in Padang City. Then, the mean difference between pre-test and post-test is 7.6417. This finding shows that the endurance training based on small-sided games programs has a significant effect on the performance variables of endurance in Padang Futsal Academy athletes in Padang City.
GAME-BASED BACKHAND TENNIS TECHNIQUE LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Dio Alif Airlangga Daulay  , Iman Sulaiman  , Fatah Nurdin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out a learning model using a game-based tennis backhand skill model. The method used is  Research & Development with mixed methods research approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods. It is intended to be able to reach or process all data or information so that a comprehensive explanation will be obtained. The number of samples as many as 20 respondents.  The steps taken in the trial include: (1) establishing a group of research subjects (2) Carrying out Pretest (3) trying the model that has been developed (4) carrying out  post-test  (5) looking for the average score of pretest  and  posttest and compared between the two (6) looking for the differences between the two averages through statistical methods (t-test) to find out whether or not there is a significant influence of the use of the model.  The conclusion of this study is that  game-based tennis  backhand  learning model can be developed and applied in the process of learning backhand  techniques of tennis effectively and efficiently.
DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE-BASED ARCHERY TRAINING MODELS FOR ATHLETES AGED 13-15 YEARS
Authors: Syahputra Devi Syah Putra , Ramdan Pelana  , Hernawan
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to produce a resistance-based archery training model for athletes aged 13-15 years. The method used in this research is Research and Development. The study was conducted at DSR Archery Club Depok City and the research subjects were athletes aged 13-15 years. This research begins with needs analysis, product planning, development, implementation and evaluation. The instruments used were the 30 M Archery Test in the sport of archery, an analysis of the need for in-depth interviews to coaches at the archery club and an assessment questionnaire to experts to test the validity of variations in the training model. Based on research data consisting of needs analysis, product design, expert validation, small and large group trials, and effectiveness tests. The conclusion is first, resistance-based archery training model for athletes aged 13-15 years can be developed and applied in training archery skills and muscle strength training. Second, the exercise model developed based on research data obtained effective results for athletes aged 13-15 years
Pendistribusian Zakat Dalam Perspektif Amanah Pada BAZNAS Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Pausther Kartika Fatmawati , Niswatin Niswatin , Rasuli La Ode
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the zakat distribution with trust perspective in BAZNAS of Gorontalo Province with qualitative method. Trustworthiness is trustworthy, but several indicators serve as benchmarks for achieving it, including responsibility, keeping promises, and being transparent. The results showed that the BAZNAS of Gorontalo Province had carried out its duties in the distribution of zakat in a trustworthy manner; 1) responsible for overseeing the management of zakat based on legal compliance, Islamic law, trustworthiness, integrity, accountability, and justice; 2) trustworthy, reviewed based on timeliness, object, and implementation; 3) transparent, where all information can be accessed on the official website of BAZNAS. Hopefully, the study results can be a literature review for interested parties.

 

 

Keywords: Distribution; Zakat; Amanah Perspective; BAZNAS of Gorontalo Province
Analisis Penerapan PSAK 109 Dalam Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Lazismu
Authors: Ramadhan Abid , Syamsuddin Sofyan
Published: January 2022

The amil zakat institution is formed by the government, mass organization, or community that functions as a forum for collecting, distributing, and utilizing zakat, infaq, and alms funds. Management of zakat and other funds must be carried out professionally, transparently, and according to PSAK 109 financial reporting standards because the management of these funds will be accounted. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the application of PSAK 109 contained in the financial statements 2020 of Lazismu Palopo city. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the Lazismu of Palopo city had fulfilled the four elements of the report from PSAK 109. Only reports on changes in assets under management aren’t presented.
Apakah Frekuensi Rapat DPS, Profitabilitas dan Surat Berharga Syariah Berpengaruh pada Islamic Social Reporting Index?
Authors: Marefsi Ethika Suri , Kurnia Kurnia , Pratama Febrial
Published: January 2022

This research aims to identify the factors that impact the Islamic Social Reporting of Sharia Banks in Indonesia. The dependent variable used is Islamic Social Reporting disclosure. At the same time, the independent variables are the meeting frequency of the sharia supervisory board, profitability, and the issuance of shariah securities. The population is all Islamic Banks listed on Financial Services Authority in Indonesia during the period 2014-2020. There are 11 companies selected as samples based on the purposive sampling method. This research uses the panel data regression tested by Eviews 11 software. The result found that the issuance of shariah securities had a positive impact. Although, the meeting frequency of shariah supervisory boards and profitability had no impact on Islamic Social Reporting. These results can be used as a reference for further research on the impact meeting frequency of shariah supervisory board, profitability, and the issuance of shariah securities. In addition, it can also be used as knowledge for companies that the issuance of Islamic securities can be a tool for Islamic banks to disclose Islamic Social Reporting fully. It is hoped that the government will make official standard rules regarding social responsibility reporting for Islamic entities.

 

Keywords: Islamic Social Reporting; meeting frequency of shariah supervisory board; profitability; sharia securities issuance
Analisis Komparatif Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) Sebelum dan Saat Implementasi Kebijakan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) di Indonesia
Authors: Citradewi Adelina
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the comparison of the Islamic stock index before and during the implementation of the PPKM policy in Indonesia. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach. The data in this study are secondary data that comes from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The research population is companies that are included in the Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI). The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to test the research hypothesis. The results show that there is an increase in the sharia stock index during the implementation of the PPKM policy and there is a significant difference between the sharia stock index before and during the implementation of the PPKM policy.

Kata kunci: Saham syariah; Indeks saham; PPKM; ISSI
Use of Phosphorylated Chitosan/Alumina Nanoadditives for Polymer Performance Improvement.
Authors: Hatami Mehdi , Rahnama Nima , Karimi-Maleh Hassan , Djafarzadeh Nader , Qandalee Mohammad , Setva Reza , Karimi Fatemeh , Duran-Valle Carlos Javier , López-Coca Ignacio , Sharifi Alireza
Published: January 2022

In this research, a new generation of ternary nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), phosphorylated chitosan and surface modified alumina nanoparticles were fabricated in four steps. The phosphorylation process was targeted for the insertion of elemental phosphorus as a flame retardant agent in the final PET nanocomposite. Likewise, environmentally friendly nano-alumina was used for PET matrix to improve the flame retardant properties of PET in collaboration with elemental phosphorus. Alternatively, the presence of alumina nanoparticles in combination with phosphorylated chitosan improved the antibacterial activity of the PET matrix. Furthermore, the effects of the phosphorylated chitosan and alumina nanoparticles on the morphology and thermal properties of nanocomposites were inspected by different approaches. The structure and distribution of the nanoscale particles in PET were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses were used for the in-depth evaluation of the thermal properties of prepared nanocomposites.
Hsp90 Induces Acsl4-dependent Glioma Ferroptosis via Dephosphorylate Ser637 at Drp1
Authors: Liu Ning , Miao Zong , Tian Wei , Bao Zhongyuan , Sun Guangchi , Xu Lei , Li Chong , Ye Yangfan , Tu Yiming , Chao honglu , Lam Sin Man , Ji Jing
Published: January 2022

Background: Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by the iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, but its exact mechanism in gliomas remains elusive. Acyl–coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase long-chain family member 4 (Acsl4), a pivotal enzyme in the regulation of lipid biosynthesis, has been found to benefit the initiation of ferroptosis, but its role in gliomas likewise needs clarification. Erastin, widely investigated as an inducer of ferroptosis, was recently found to regulate lipid peroxidation by regulating Acsl4 other than glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in ferroptosis. Methods: Relationship between Hsp90, Drp1 and Acsl4 was determined by Co-immunoprecipitation/ Mass spectrometry and western blot assay. The impact of Hsp90 and Drp1 on Acsl4-dependent ferroptosis was examined by lipid peroxidation indicators in patient-derived PL1 and PG7 cells. The morphological changes of mitochondria are observed by confocal-fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscope. Therapeutic efficacy of Erastin-induced ferroptosis in vivo was examined in xenograft mouse models.Results: In this study, we demonstrated that heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) actively regulated Acsl4 expression in erastin-induced ferroptosis in gliomas. Hsp90 overexpression and calcineurin (CN)–mediated Drp1 dephosphorylation at serine 637 (Ser637) promoted ferroptosis by altering mitochondrial morphology and increasing Acsl4-mediated lipid peroxidation. Importantly, the Hsp90–Acsl4 pathway mediated Acsl4-dependent ferroptosis, amplifying the anticancer activity of erastin in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Our study not only uncovered an important role of Hsp90–Drp1–Acsl4 pathway in erastin-induced ferroptosis but also reveals an efficient mechanism of Acsl4 as a potential therapeutic target to ferroptosis-mediated glioma therapy.
Entangling single atoms over 33 km telecom fibre
Authors: Leent Tim van , Bock Matthias , Fertig Florian , Garthoff Robert , Eppelt Sebastian , Zhou Yiru , Malik Pooja , Seubert Matthias , Bauer Tobias , Rosenfeld Wenjamin , Zhang Wei , Becher Christoph , Weinfurter Harald
Published: January 2022

Heralded entanglement between distant quantum memories is the key resource for quantum networks. Based on quantum repeater protocols, these networks will facilitate efficient large-scale quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. However, despite vast efforts, long-distance fibre based network links have not been realized yet. Here we present results demonstrating heralded entanglement between two independent, remote single-atom quantum memories generated over fibre links with a total length up to 33 km. To overcome the attenuation losses in the long optical fibres of photons initially emitted by the Rubidium quantum memories, we employ polarization-preserving quantum frequency conversion to the low loss telecom band. The presented work represents a milestone towards the realization of efficient quantum network links.
Evaluation of the mechanical anisotropy of lacustrine smectite clays by triaxial test analysis
Authors: Jiménez-Camargo Jubier Alonso , Carreon-Freyre Dora
Published: January 2022

This paper describes the role of fabric anisotropy during clayey soil deformation. A set of triaxial tests was performed on vertical and horizontal specimens of undisturbed smectite lake sediments from Jurica, Queretaro in Mexico. The results allowed to analyze the influence of bedding and discontinuities on the mechanical behavior of Jurica clays after failure. Tests with applied low strain rates allowed pore pressure equalization within specimens with different gravimetric water content and degree of saturation. Shear failure results of undrained tests showed that deformation distributes differently in both horizontal and vertical directions and that stress may be dissipated by pore collapses, fractures and particle deformation. The experimental evidence suggests that microfabric is a relevant variable in the overall mechanical response of clayey sediments that depends on the natural fabric (bedding and discontinuities), mineralogy, and water content. A detailed analysis of Young´s Moduli (E) showed the high variability of this parameter from 108 to 409 kg/cm2 (calculated at 30% of σdmax) and its dependence on the orientation of the specimen and the water content. In addition, p’-q’ graphs illustrate the relevance of considering mechanical anisotropy in clays and provide further insights to understand the role of smectites in progressive shear deformation.
Bisphenol-A Exposure Induced Neurotoxicity and Synapse and Cytoskeleton Dysfunction in Neuro-2a Cells
Authors: Wang Xinrui , Yin Zhihong , Chen Lingli , Hua Liushuai , Ren Fei , Wang Siting , Li Rongbo , Ning Hongmei , Ge Yaming
Published: January 2022

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the typical environmental endocrine disruptors. BPA was leached from polycarbonate containers into food and water, and it has been detected in collective samples from humans. Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and Tau maintain microtubule normal function and promote the normal development of the nervous system. Synaptophysin (SYP) and drebrin (Dbn) proteins are involved in regulating synaptic plasticity. This study aimed to determine the adverse effects of BPA on Neuro-2a cells by investigating the synaptic and cytoskeletal damage. Cells were exposed to 0 (Minimum Essential Medium, MEM), 0.01% (v/v) DMSO and 150 µM BPA for 12, 24, or 36 h. Morphological analysis revealed that the cells in the BPA-treated groups shrank, collapsed, and had a reduced number of synapses compared with those in the control groups. CCK-8 and LDH assays showed that the mortality of Neuro-2a cells increased as the BPA treatment time was prolonged. Transmission electron microscopic analysis further revealed that cells demonstrated nucleolar swelling and nuclear membrane and partial mitochondrial dissolution or condensation following BPA exposure. BPA also significantly decreased the relative protein expression levels of MAP2, Tau, and Dbn (P < 0.01). Interestingly, the relative protein expression levels of SYP increased (P < 0.01). These results indicated that BPA damaged the development and proliferation of Neuro-2a cells by disrupting cytoskeleton and synaptic integrity.
Stretchable Printed Device for the Simultaneous Sensing of Temperature and Strain Validated in a Mouse Wound Healing Model
Authors: Deferme Wim , Jose Manoj , Bronckaers Annelies , N Rachith S , Reenaers Dieter , Vandenryt Thijs , Thoelen Ronald
Published: January 2022

Temperature and strain are two vital parameters that play a significant role in wound diagnosis and healing. As periodic temperature measurements with a custom thermometer or strain measurements with conventional metallic gauges became less feasible for the modern competent health monitoring, individual temperature and strain measurement modalities incorporated into wearables and patches were developed. The proposed research in the article shows the development of a single sensor solution which can simultaneously measure both the above mentioned parameters. This work integrates a thermoelectric principle based temperature measurement approach into wearables, ensuring flexibility and bendability properties without affecting its thermo-generated voltage. The modified thermoelectric material helped to achieve stretchability of the sensor, thanks to its superior mechano-transduction properties. Moreover, the stretch-induced resistance changes become an additional marker for strain measurements so that both the parameters can be measured with the same sensor. Due to the independent measurement parameters (open circuit voltage and sensor resistance ), the sensing model is greatly attractive for measurements without cross-sensitivity. The highly resilient temperature and strain sensor show excellent linearity, repeatability and good sensitivity. Besides, due to the compatibility of the fabrication scheme to low temperature processing of the flexible materials and to mass volume production, printed fabrication methodologies were adopted to realize the sensor. This promises low cost production and a disposable nature (single use) of the sensor patch. The temperature-strain dual parameter semi-transparent sensor has been further tested on mice wounds in vivo. The preliminary experiments on mice wounds offer prospects for developing smart, i.e. sensorized, wound dressings for clinical applications.
Stigma and quality of life for patients with facial dystonia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: YI MING , LI Jing , LIU Gang , ZHANG Weixi , WANG Ying , OU Zilin , LIU Yanmei , DANG Chao , LI Jing
Published: January 2022

Background
Facial appearance and expressions influence social interaction. However, few studies have reported on the stigma associated with spasms from facial dystonia. This study investigated the stigma and quality of life for these patients.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 90 patients with facial dystonia (hemifacial spasm [HFS], blepharospasm [BSP], and blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia [BOD]; 30 patients per group) and 30 individuals without dystonia (control group) from October 2019 to November 2020. All participants underwent stigma, quality of life, and mental health evaluations using seven questions related to stigma, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, the 14-item version of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and the 24-item version of the Hamilton Depression Scale.
Results
Nineteen patients (21.11%) felt stigmatized. Patients with BPS and HFS had more difficulty finding a job and were more susceptible to discrimination than healthy individuals. The role-physical and social function scores were significantly lower in the dystonia groups than in the control group. The vitality score of the BPS group and the mental health scores in the BPS and BOD groups were significantly less than those of the control group. The HAMA scores in the BPS and BOD groups were significantly higher than in the control group. Regression analysis demonstrated that the disease course influenced depression.
Conclusion
Enacted stigma from a negative public attitude may be the main factor triggering stigma in patients with facial dystonia, with detrimental effects on psychosocial outcomes, including social rights, quality of life, and mood.
Factors Predicting Successful Suicide Among Adolescents:Multiple Attempts And Index Methods, A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bae G. E , Kim H. J. , Eun S. H. , Yoon S. H. , Kim M. K. , Chung H. S. , Kwon H. E. , Koo C.
Published: January 2022

Background: While suicide among adolescents has emerged as a significant social problem, few studies have examined the relationship between changes in suicide methods and suicide success following multiple attempts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changing suicide methods and successful suicide among adolescents after repeated attempts.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the psychiatric history of patients (n=227) between 10 and 18 years of age who visited a pediatric emergency center between January 2007 and February 2021 for suicide attempts. Results: Out of a total of 227 patients, 80 achieved successful suicide attempts, including emergency hospitalization or death. A significant association was observed between successful suicide in patients with multiple attempts who chose drug intoxication (DI) as the index method (p=0.010) and patients with multiple attempts who chose DI as a suicide method (p=0.001). No statistically significant outcomes for changing methods and number of suicide attempts were evident.Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of identifying index methods as well as suicide methods among adolescent patients with multiple suicide attempts. This study identified predictors affecting the successful suicide of adolescents. Identifying the index method and the changed method among adolescent patients with multiple suicide attempts are significant predictors of successful suicide. Identifying the index method and changed method of suicide is expected to help in interviewing adolescents with multiple suicide attempts.
Avoiding dead ends: the experimental evolution of constraint as adaptation to environmental variation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Raghu Shravan , Smith Myron , Simons Andrew
Published: January 2022

Environmental unpredictability results in the evolution of bet-hedging traits, which maximize long-term fitness but are, by definition, suboptimal over short time scales. However, because suboptimal traits are expected to be purged by selection in the shorter term, the persistence of bet hedging remains perplexing. Here, we test the hypothesis that bet hedging persists through the evolution of constraint on short-term adaptation. We experimentally evolve Saccharomyces cerevisiae across two sequential treatments in which the frequency of extreme heat shocks decreases. We predict that experimental evolution under lower frequency heat shocks will result in greater adaptive constraint, or “purge-resistant” bet hedging. Constraint is assayed as evolutionary persistence of heat shock tolerance (HST) under constant benign conditions. As predicted, we find the retention of HST only in lines evolved under reduced frequency detrimental conditions. Results help explain the evolution of bet hedging, and challenge the traditional view that evolutionary constraint is inherently maladaptive.
Anhydrous Grotthuss mechanism for fast proton transport in a dense oxide-ion array of α-MoO3
Authors: Ma Zihan , Shi Xiang-Mei , Nishimura Shin-ichi , Ko Seongjae , Okubo Masashi , Yamada Atsuo
Published: January 2022

Developing high-power battery chemistry is an urgent task to buffer fluctuating renewable energies and achieve a sustainable and flexible power supply. Owing to the small size of proton and its ultrahigh mobility in water via the Grotthuss mechanism, aqueous proton batteries are an attractive candidate for high-power energy storage devices. Although Grotthuss proton transfer usually occurs in hydrogen-bonded networks of water molecules, in this work, we discover anhydrous Grotthuss-type proton transport in a dense oxide-ion array of solid α-MoO3 even without structural water. The fast proton transfer and accumulation that occurs during (de)intercalation in α-MoO3 is unveiled using both experiments and first-principles calculations. Coupled with a zinc anode and a superconcentrated dual-ion Zn2+/H+ electrolyte, the solid-state anhydrous Grotthuss proton transport mechanism realizes an aqueous MoO3-Zn battery with both high energy and power densities.
Chest Radiographic Findings in High-risk Covid-19 Pneumonia Patients
Authors: Kodikara Iroshani , Galabada Buddhi Anjani , Kurupparachchi Aruni Manjula
Published: January 2022

Background/ objectivesThe severity of Covid-19 pneumonia has shown a positive association with co-existing risk factors. However, the exact nature of lung involvement in high-risk Covid-19 patients is yet to be resolved. Therefore, we evaluated the CXR features, temporal progression, and the factors associated with CXR severity in high-risk patients.MethodsChest X-rays (n=289) of Covid-19 infected high-risk adults (n=228) treated at the Base Hospital Homagama were evaluated to record CXR features, their temporal progression, CXR severity score and the patient outcomes. ResultsThe studies patients (48.2% men) were in mean age(SD) of 59(15) years. The most frequent CXR features were patchy ground-glass opacities (49%; GG) and patchy consolidations (42%; CON). They showed bilateral (100%) involvement, superoinferior gradient (100%) and diffuse (27%), peripheral (18%) or perihilar (10%) distribution. CON was the predominant opacity among the non-survivors and GG among the survivors (χ2=14.73; p=0.001). Right lung predominant (28%) asymmetrical lung involvement was more frequent than bilateral symmetrical (16%) or left lung predominance (7%). Progression into fatal disease was significantly higher when the lung involvement is asymmetrical: right predominance: ODDs:0.502; p=0.023; left predominance: ODDs:0.268; p=0.002. The CXRs were frequently normal in early (66%) and progressive (56%; χ2=36.64; p<0.001) stages than in peak or resolving stages. The predictors of CXR severity included age (β:0.140; 95% CI:0.041–0.233; p=0.004), male gender (β:4.140; 95% CI:1.452–6.481; p=0.003), and disease day (β:0.622; 95% CI:0.301–0.942; p<0.001). ConclusionThis study decoded the CXR features of Covid-19 pneumonia in a high-risk cohort while describing their associations.
Discovery of a New Ozone Hole over the Tropics
Authors: Lu Qing-Bin
Published: January 2022

This paper reveals a new ozone hole that exists in the lower stratosphere over the tropics (30°N-30°S) across the seasons since the 1980s, where an ozone hole is defined as an area of ozone loss larger than 25% compared with the undisturbed atmosphere. The depth of this all-season tropical ozone hole is comparable to that of the well-known springtime ozone hole over Antarctica, while its area is about seven times that of the latter. At the center of the deepest tropical or Antarctic ozone hole, approximately 80% of the normal ozone value is depleted, whereas annual mean ozone depletion in the lower stratosphere over the tropics due to the coldest temperature is about 1.6 times that over Antarctica and is about 7.7 times that over the Arctic. The whole-year ozone hole over the tropics could cause a serious global concern as it can lead to increases in ground-level ultraviolet radiation and affect 50% of Earth's surface area, which is home to approximately 50% of the world's population. Moreover, since ozone loss is well-known to lead to stratospheric cooling, the presence of the all-season tropical ozone hole and the seasonal polar ozone holes is equivalent to the formation of three ‘temperature holes’ in the global lower stratosphere. These findings will play a far-reaching role in understanding fundamental atmospheric processes and global climate change.
Study in subatomic structure as extreme task for quantum mechanics
Authors: Ivantsov Mikhail
Published: January 2022

It is shown that the known task of single-electron atom can be established with its own solution of fine-structure constant. Moreover, this approach may relate to electron transition directly to the proton structure, that with a hyper-fine structure like the Lamb shift of hydrogen atom is specifically associated. Such highlighted result was expanded accordingly for the multiple-charge states, as beyond the existing classification of the Standard Model. Here is possible a certain prediction for the mass values by type the meson- boson particles. In particular, mass value for the Higgs boson has been modeled close enough to the experimental result. In this way a high-energy sequence for the exotic subatomic particles like the Higgs boson may be further revealed.
Research on Water Seepage Detection Technology of Tunnel Asphalt Pavement Based on Deep Learning and Digital Image Processing
Authors: Li Jiaqi , He Zhaoyi , Li Dongxue , Zheng Aichen
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the traffic safety of the tunnel pavement and reduce the impact of water seepage on the pavement structure, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is established based on image detection technology to realize the identification, classification and statistics of pavement seepage. First, compared with the MobileNet network model, the deep learning model EfficientNet network model was built, and the accuracy of the two models was analyzed for pavement seepage recognition. The F1 Score was introduced to evaluate the accuracy and comprehensive performance of the two models for different types of seepage characteristics. Then the three gray processing methods, six threshold segmentation methods, as well as three filtering methods were compared to extract water seepage characteristics of digital image. Finally, based on the processed image, a calculation method of water seepage area was proposed to identify the actual asphalt pavement water seepage. The result shows that the recognition accuracy of the EfficientNet network model in the training set and the validation set are 99.85% and 97.53%, respectively, and the prediction accuracy is 98.00%. The accuracy of pavement water seepage recognition and prediction is better than the MobileNet network model. Using the cvtColor function for gray processing, using THRESH_BINARY for threshold segmentation, and using a combination of median filtering and morphological opening operations for image noise reduction can effectively extract water seepage characteristics. The water seepage area calculated by the proposed method has a small difference with the actual water seepage area, and the effect is agreeable.
Voluminous Storage and Rapid Magma Ascent Beneath La Palma Revealed by Seismic Tomography
Authors: D'Auria Luca , Koulakov Ivan , Prudencio Janire , Cabrera-Perez Ivan , Ibanez Jesus , Martinez Jose Barrancos , Garcia-Hernandez Ruben , Dorth David Martinez van , Hernandez German Padilla , Przeor Monika , Ortega Victor , Perez Pedro Hernandez , Rodriguez Nemesio Perez
Published: January 2022

Seismic tomography provides a window into magmatic plumbing systems; however, obtaining sufficient data for ‘real-time’ imaging is challenging. Until now, syn-eruptive tomography has not been successfully demonstrated. For the first time, we obtained high-resolution images of Earth's interior during an ongoing volcanic eruption. We used data from 11,349 earthquakes, most of which during La Palma eruption (19 September-13 December, 2021), to perform travel-time seismic tomography. We present high-precision earthquake relocations and 3D distributions of P and S-wave velocities highlighting the geometry of magma sources. We identified three distinct structures: (1) a shallow localised region (< 3 km) of hydrothermal alteration; (2) spatially extensive, consolidated, oceanic crust extending to ~10 km depth and; (3) a large (> 400 km3) sub-crustal magma-filled rock volume intrusion extending from ~7 to 25 km depth. Our results suggest that this large magma reservoir feeds the La Palma eruption continuously for almost three months. Prior to eruption onset, magma ascended from ~10 km depth to the surface in < 7 days. In the upper 3 km, melt migration is along the western contact between consolidated oceanic crust and altered hydrothermal material. Similar structural weaknesses along the eastern contact could potentially cause new eruptive centres in the future.
Effect of Cytokinins on Micropropagation of Moringa Oleifera Lam. and Genomic Stability Assessment Using Flow-Cytometry
Authors: Bharati Rohit , Okao Moses , Hamouzová Katerina , Fernandez-Cusimamani Eloy
Published: January 2022

Moringa oleifera Lam. is a multipurpose medicinal plant of the family Moringaceae which has been widely utilized as a pharmaceutical remedy to treat a wide range of diseases. In addition, the tree has several applications in human nutrition as well as livestock feeding. M. oleifera is easily multiplied through epigeal germination (recalcitrant) but seed propagated plants are heterogeneous and take longer to reach fruit-bearing age. As an alternative, branch cuttings have been used but their establishment is erratic and often leads to reduced growth of the mother plant. Thus, to produce superior planting materials, in-vitro propagation has become paramount. As a result, several studies using a limited range of cytokinin have been undertaken to multiply M. oleifera through tissue culture. Otherwise, a study was conducted to examine the effect of five different cytokinins on in-vitro regeneration of this tree species. Results showed that nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and subsequently rooted on basic MS media was the most optimal treatment. Furthermore, acclimatization of plantlets in sterile soil substrate and perlite (1:3;v/v) under transparent polythene sheet for 7 days resulted in survival rate of 100%. Assessment of genetic fidelity using flow cytometry revealed that surface sterilization alongside cytokinin treatments produced plantlets that were genetically stable regardless of the growth regulator used. Thus, the in-vitro protocol developed in this study can be utilized for in-vitro studies and mass propagation of this imperative plant species.
Predicting Prognosis In Primary Pulmonary Sarcoma Using A Clinical Nomogram Based On SEER Database
Authors: Shen Piao , Zheng Yuzhen , Zhu Siyu , Yang Xingping , Tan Jian , Cai Weijie , Liao Hong-Ying
Published: January 2022

Background: Primary pulmonary sarcoma (PPS) accounts for less than 1.1% of all pulmonary tumors. Few data outcomes are reported. This study aims to clarify the predictive value of clinicopathologic features on the overall survival (OS) of PPS patients.Methods: Patients with primary pulmonary sarcoma (PPS) were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (from 2000 to 2015) and divided randomly into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 1:1. Univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were implemented to identify prognostic factors related to overall survival of primary pulmonary sarcoma patients. Then, we performed multivariate Cox regression to establish a prognostic factors signature. The Kaplan- Meier (K-M) survival curves and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to estimate the prognostic power of the signature. In addition, multivariate Cox regression screened out independent prognostic factors and constructed a nomogram. Results: PPS patients with training group were divided into low- and high-risk group based on risk score, and high-risk group had a shorter survival time. The validation group got the same result. (P<0.001). On multivariate analysis of the training cohort, independent factors for survival were marriage, age, sex, grade, operation, metastasis and tumor size, which were all selected into the nomogram. The calibration curve and ROC plots for probability of 3-year and 5-year survival were in accord with prediction by nomogram and actual observation. And the C-index of the nomogram for predicting survival was 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.80, P<0.05), which was statistically significant. Conclusion: We constructed a risk prognosis model based on PPS patients from SEER database. In addition, the construction of nomogram provides one more idea for clinical treatment.
A (GCC) Repeat in the Untranslated Region of Human SBF1 Departs from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in Human and Links to Late-onset Neurocognitive Disorder.
Authors: Ohadi Mina , Khamse Safoura , Alizadeh Samira , Bernhart Stephan H , Afshar Hossein , Delbari Ahmad
Published: January 2022

The human SBF1 (SET binding factor 1) gene, alternatively known as MTMR5, is predominantly expressed in the brain, and its epigenetic dysregulation is linked to late-onset neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease. This gene contains a (GCC)-repeat at the interval between +1 and +60 of the transcription start site (SBF1-202 ENST00000380817.8). Sequencing of the SBF1 (GCC)-repeat in a sample of 542 Iranian individuals, consisting of late-onset NCDs (N=260) and controls (N=282) revealed a predominantly bi-allelic locus for this STR, consisting of 8 and 9 repeats, with allele frequencies ranging from 0.39 to 0.55, and four other alleles with frequencies of <0.03 across the two groups. Overall heterozygosity for the observed alleles was significantly less than expected in the NCD and control groups, at 22.3% and 16.31%, respectively (p=0.000). Specifically, the heterozygous 8/9 genotype was significantly less than expected in both case and control groups (Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium, p=0.000), and significantly enriched in the NCD group (Yates corrected p=0.001). Skewed heterozygous genotypes were also detected for other allele combinations, such as 6/8 vs 6/9 across groups (p=0.000). Bioinformatics studies revealed that the number of (GCC)-repeats may change the RNA secondary structure and interaction sites across human exon 1. This STR was specifically expanded beyond 2-repeats in primates. In conclusion, we report a novel biological phenomenon in which there is indication of purifying selection against heterozygous genotypes at a STR locus in human, and skewed genotype compartment in late-onset NCD vs. controls. In view of the location of this STR in the 5′ UTR, RNA/RNA or RNA/DNA heterodimer formation of the involved genotypes and possible deleterious downstream events should be considered.
Comparison of Relapsing Polychondritis Patients with and Without Respiratory Involvement Based on Chest Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Dong , Guan Lujia , Dong Xin , Zhu Xiaofan , Tong Zhaohui
Published: January 2022

Background

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) patients with tracheal cartilage involvement are different from other patients. The objectives of this study were to compare the clinical features and disease patterns between respiratory involvement subgroup and non-respiratory involvement subgroup according to chest computed tomography.
Method

We performed a retrospective cohort study collected RP patients hospitalized at the Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital between January 2012 - August 2021.
Results

The incident of costochondritis was more frequent in RP patients with respiratory involvement(p=0.03), the incidence of inflammatory eye disease(p=0.001) and auricular chondritis(p=0.001) was less frequent in RP respiratory involvement patients, compared with those of RP patients without respiratory involvement. Correlation analysis showed that a negative correlation between respiratory involvement and auricular chondritis (r=-0.58, p < 0.01), and between respiratory involvement and inflammatory eye disease (r=-0.45, P < 0.01). Auricular chondritis was positively correlated with inflammatory eye disease (r=0.49, P < 0.01). Compared with non-respiratory involvement subgroup, the incidence of pulmonary infection marginally increased in respiratory involvement subgroup(p=0.06). Inflammatory indexes except for CAR were significantly higher in respiratory involvement subgroup, subgroup analysis found that there was no significant relationship between inflammatory indexes and pulmonary infection.
Conclusion

RP patients with respiratory involvement was characterized by higher rate of costochondritis and pulmonary infection, fewer inflammatory eye disease and auricular chondritis compared to non-respiratory involvement. Increase inflammatory indexes may suggested that patients with respiratory involvement had a higher disease activity index of RP. The probability of survival was not significant between two subgroups.
The effect of COVID certificates on vaccine uptake, public health, and the economy
Authors: Oliu-Barton Miquel , Pradel Bary SR , Woloszko Nicolas , Guetta-Jeanrenaud Lionel , Aghion Philippe , Artus Patrick , Fontanet Arnaud , Martin Philippe , Wolff Guntram B
Published: January 2022

In the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have used various interventions,1,2 including COVID certificates as proof of vaccination, recovery, or a recent negative test, required for individuals to access shops, restaurants, and education or workplaces.3 While arguments for and against COVID certificates have focused on reducing transmission and ethical concerns,4,5 the effect of the certificates on vaccine uptake, public health, and the economy requires investigation. We construct counterfactuals based on innovation diffusion theory6 and validate them with econometric methods7 to evaluate the impact of incentives created by COVID certificates in France, Germany, and Italy. We estimate that from their announcement during summer 2021 to the end of the year, the intervention led to increased vaccine uptake in France of 13.0 (95% CI 9.7–14.9) percentage points (p.p.) of the total population, in Germany 6.2 (2.6–6.9) p.p., and in Italy 9.7 (5.4–12.3) p.p.; averted an additional 3,979 (3,453–4,298) deaths in France (i.e., 31.7%), 1,133 (-312–1,358) in Germany (5.6%), and 1,331 (502–1,794) in Italy (14.0%); and prevented gross domestic product (GDP) losses of €6.0 (5.9–6.1) billion in France, €1.4 (1.3–1.5) billion in Germany, and €2.1 (2.0–2.2) billion in Italy. Notably, the application of COVID certificates substantially reduced the pressure on intensive care units (ICUs) and, in France, averted surpassing the occupancy levels where prior lockdowns were instated. Overall, our findings are more substantial than predicted8 and may help to inform decisions about when and how to employ COVID certificates to increase vaccination and thus avoid stringent interventions, such as closures, curfews, and lockdowns, with large social and economic consequences.
Perception of Climate Variability and Its Impact by Smallholders in Pastoral Systems of Abudwak District, Galmudug State, Somalia
Authors: Abdullah Mohamed Yonis , Mohamed Shafii Abdullahi
Published: January 2022

it is true in all the regions of the country; there is no stable and reliable documented meteorological data for reasonable tracking of the climate change and variability. Thus, this study explores the perception of significant variability in climate and related impact on local livestock holders among smallholders in pastoral systems of Abudwak district, Somalia. We drew on empirical data obtained from pastoral communities surveys conducted in 4 villages, 169 pastoral associations. Using this data, this study analyses smallholders' perception of climate variability and its associated impact on local livelihood, and the effect of several household on perception. Respondents interviewed during the study period, however, believed that there has been significant variability in the rainfall and temperature patterns for the last twenty years and considered climate variability as a salient risk to their future livelihoods and economic development. Likewise, the general perception of the people is that both rainfall and temperature have highly been fluctuating for decades now became unpredictable with less rainfall in shorter duration and warmer temperature over year now than usual. Different levels of perception were expressed in terms of climate variability and the impact on traditional rain-fed. Age, education level, livestock holding, access to climate information and extension services significantly affected perception levels.