bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Evolution in Formula Electric and Hybrid Italy
Authors: Giampiero Brusaglino
Published: May 2018

Formula Electric and Hybrid Italy is an annual international competition among student teams of University and Technical Institutes students, exhibiting and demonstrating vehicles developed by themselves, incorporating innovative technological concepts and solutions for Battery electric, Hybrid and Fuel cell vehicles.The aims are:The competitive events offer an overview of the advanced technology and trends in the field of electrically propelled road vehicles.From the beginning in 2005 the technology achievements in the field of battery, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles have been progressively enriched and contributed to introduce new concepts, solution validation, for hint to industrial development and market indication.The results, achieved with the contribution of student teams of various European, American and Asian Countries, concern innovations and validation in the field of: - Hybrid propulsion technology, including “plug-in” operation - Electric power train, including multiple motors drive and new regenerative braking concept - Application and management of advanced storage systems, Lithium Batteries and Supercapacitors - Fuel cell vehicle operation The operation in team by students on engineering projects, oriented to competition, is a stimulating factor to the innovation and an important element for their technical and cultural formation, in view of their future integration in the industrial world.
Delivering a primary care-based social prescribing initiative: a qualitative study of the benefits and challenges
Authors: Skivington Kathryn , Smith Mathew , Chng Nai Rui , Mackenzie Mhairi , Wyke Sally , Mercer Stewart W
Published: May 2018

Background

Social prescribing is a collaborative approach to improve inter-sectoral working between primary health care and community organisations. The Links Worker Programme (LWP) is a social prescribing initiative in areas of high deprivation in Glasgow, Scotland, that is designed to mitigate the negative impacts of the social determinants of health.

Aim

To investigate issues relevant to implementing a social prescribing programme to improve inter-sectoral working to achieve public health goals.

Design and setting

Qualitative interview study with community organisation representatives and community links practitioners (CLPs) in LWP areas.

Method

Audiorecordings of semi-structured interviews with 30 community organisation representatives and six CLPs were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.

Results

Participants identified some benefits of collaborative working, particularly the CLPs’ ability to act as a case manager for patients, and their position in GP practices, which operated as a bridge between organisations. However, benefits were seen to flow from new relationships between individuals in community organisations and CLPs, rather than more generally with the practice as a whole. Challenges to the LWP were related to capacity and funding for community organisations in the context of austerity. The capacity of CLPs was also an issue given that their role involved time-consuming, intensive case management.

Conclusion

Although the LWP appears to be a fruitful approach to collaborative case management, integration initiatives such as social prescribing cannot be seen as ‘magic bullets’. In the context of economic austerity, such approaches may not achieve their potential unless funding is available for community organisations to continue to provide services and make and maintain their links with primary care.
OPTIMISING THE SMOOTHNESS AND ACCURACY OF MOVING AVERAGE FOR STOCK PRICE DATA
Authors: RAUDYS Aistis , PABARŠKAITĖ Židrina
Published: May 2018

Smoothing time series allows removing noise. Moving averages are used in finance to smooth stock price series and forecast trend direction. We propose optimised custom moving average that is the most suitable for stock time series smoothing. Suitability criteria are defined by smoothness and accuracy. Previous research focused only on one of the two criteria in isolation. We define this as multi-criteria Pareto optimisation problem and compare the proposed method to the five most popular moving average methods on synthetic and real world stock data. The comparison was performed using unseen data. The new method outperforms other methods in 99.5% of cases on synthetic and in 91% on real world data. The method allows better time series smoothing with the same level of accuracy as traditional methods, or better accuracy with the same smoothness. Weights optimised on one stock are very similar to weights optimised for any other stock and can be used interchangeably. Traders can use the new method to detect trends earlier and increase the profitability of their strategies. The concept is also applicable to sensors, weather forecasting, and traffic prediction where both the smoothness and accuracy of the filtered signal are important.
EVALUATION OF NATURAL GAS STRATEGIES OF TURKEY IN EAST MEDITERRANEAN REGION: A STRENGTHS-WEAKNESSES-OPPORTUNITIES-THREATS AND ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS APPROACH
Authors: GENÇ Tolga , KABAK Mehmet , ÖZCEYLAN Eren , ÇETINKAYA Cihan
Published: May 2018

Demand for natural gas has severely challenged the world supply among other types of energy sources such as coal, geothermal, nuclear and etc. Natural gas is the most important form of energy because it is clean, abundant, reliable and versatile. Due to the limited and transportable characterizes of natural gas, sharing pipelines for natural gas with other nations can either bring peace and stability or create chaos. To avoid insoluble strategies, it is very explicit to decide scientifically for these kinds of global issues. To do so, a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) – ANP (Analytic Network Process) integrated approach is presented to evaluate natural gas policies for Turkey in terms of East Mediterranean Region. In the first step, the appropriate strategies, SO (strengths-opportunities), ST (strengths-threats), WO (weaknesses-opportunities) and WT (weaknesses-threats) are determined via SWOT analysis including four criteria, 20 sub-criteria and seven strategies. Due to inability of SWOT analysis to prioritize the criteria and rank the strategies, ANP approach which also considers the dependency between criteria is applied in the second step. Finally, the proposed SWOT-ANP approach is compared with other multi criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques to represent the effectiveness and applicability of the model.
The Dual Role of Starbursts and Active Galactic Nuclei in Driving Extreme Molecular Outflows
Authors: Gowardhan Avani , Spoon Henrik , Riechers Dominik A. , González-Alfonso Eduardo , Farrah Duncan , Fischer Jacqueline , Darling Jeremy , Fergulio Chiara , Afonso Jose , Bizzocchi Luca
Published: May 2018

We report molecular gas observations of IRAS 20100−4156 and IRAS 03158+4227, two local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) hosting some of the fastest and most massive molecular outflows known. Using Atacama Large Millimeter Array and Plateau de Bure Interferometer observations, we spatially resolve the CO (1−0) emission from the outflowing molecular gas in both and find maximum outflow velocities of v
max ∼ 1600 and ∼1700 km s−1 for IRAS 20100−4156 and IRAS 03158+4227, respectively. We find total gas mass outflow rates of

and ∼350 M
⊙ yr−1, respectively, corresponding to molecular gas depletion timescales

and ∼16 Myr. This is nearly 3 times shorter than the depletion timescales implied by star formation,

and ∼46 Myr, respectively. To determine the outflow driving mechanism, we compare the starburst luminosity (L
*) and active galactic nucleus (AGN) luminosity (L
AGN) to the outflowing energy and momentum fluxes, using mid-infrared spectral decomposition to discern L
AGN. Comparison to other molecular outflows in ULIRGs reveals that outflow properties correlate similarly with L
* and L
IR as with L
AGN, indicating that AGN luminosity alone may not be a good tracer of feedback strength and that a combination of AGN and starburst activity may be driving the most powerful molecular outflows. We also detect the OH 1.667 GHz maser line from both sources and demonstrate its utility in detecting molecular outflows.
The Gould's Belt Distances Survey (GOBELINS). IV. Distance, Depth, and Kinematics of the Taurus Star-forming Region
Authors: Galli Phillip A. B. , Loinard Laurent , Ortiz-Léon Gisela N. , Kounkel Marina , Dzib Sergio A. , Mioduszewski Amy J. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Hartmann Lee , Teixeira Ramachrisna , Torres Rosa M. , Rivera Juana L. , Boden Andrew F. , Evans II Neal J. , Briceño Cesar , Tobin John J. , Heyer Mark
Published: May 2018

We present new trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of young stellar objects in the Taurus molecular cloud complex from observations collected with the Very Long Baseline Array as part of the Gould’s Belt Distances Survey. We detected 26 young stellar objects and derived trigonometric parallaxes for 18 stars with an accuracy of 0.3% to a few percent. We modeled the orbits of six binaries and determined the dynamical masses of the individual components in four of these systems (V1023 Tau, T Tau S, V807 Tau, and V1000 Tau). Our results are consistent with the first trigonometric parallaxes delivered by the Gaia satellite and reveal the existence of significant depth effects. We find that the central portion of the dark cloud Lynds 1495 is located at d =129.5 ± 0.3 pc, while the B216 clump in the filamentary structure connected to it is at d = 158.1 ± 1.2 pc. The closest and remotest stars in our sample are located at d = 126.6 ± 1.7 pc and d = 162.7 ± 0.8 pc, yielding a distance difference of about 36 pc. We also provide a new distance estimate for HL Tau that was recently imaged. Finally, we compute the spatial velocity of the stars with published radial velocity and investigate the kinematic properties of the various clouds and gas structures in this region.
The Sun's Seismic Radius as Measured from the Fundamental Modes of Oscillations and Its Implications for the TSI Variations
Authors: Jain Kiran , Tripathy S. C. , Hill F.
Published: May 2018

In this Letter we explore the relationship between the solar seismic radius and total solar irradiance (TSI) during the last two solar cycles using the uninterrupted data from space-borne instruments on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The seismic radius is calculated from the fundamental (f) modes of solar oscillations utilizing the observations from SoHO/Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) and SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI), and the TSI measurements are obtained from SoHO/VIRGO. Our study suggests that the major contribution to the TSI variation arises from the changes in magnetic field, while the radius variation plays a secondary role. We find that the solar irradiance increases with decreasing seismic radius; however, the anti-correlation between them is moderately weak. The estimated maximum change in seismic radius during a solar cycle is about 5 km, and is consistent in both solar cycles 23 and 24. Previous studies ;suggest a radius change at the surface of the order of 0.06 arcsec to explain the 0.1% variation in the TSI values during the solar cycle; however, our inferred seismic radius change is significantly smaller, hence the TSI variations cannot be fully explained by the temporal changes in seismic radius.
Crowdsourcing, is it a good option for your collection digitization?
Authors: Groom Quentin , Bogaerts Ann , De Smedt Sofie , Phillips Sarah
Published: May 2018

Globally there are a number of citizen science portals to support digitisation of biodiversity collections. Digitisation not only involves imaging of the specimen itself, but also includes the digital transcription of label and ledger data, georeferencing and linking to other digital resources. Making use of the skills and enthusiasm of volunteers is potentially a good way to reduce the great backlog of specimens to be digitised.

These citizen science portals engage the public and are liberating data that would otherwise remain on paper. There is also considerable scope for expansion into other countries and languages. Therefore, should we continue to expand? Volunteers give their time for free, but the creation and maintenance of the platform is not without costs. Given a finite budget, what can you get for your money? How does the quality compare with other methods? Is crowdsourcing of label transcription faster, better and cheaper than other forms of transcription system?

We will summarize the use of volunteer transcription from our own experience and the reports of other projects. We will make our evaluation based on the costs, speed and quality of the systems and reach conclusions on why you should or should not use this method.
Setting the Stage – The Life Cycle of Bio-logging Data: Origin, Mobilization and Data Exchange
Authors: Dettki Holger , Newman Peggy , Davidson Sarah , Cagnacci Francesca
Published: May 2018

In recent years, bio-logging data, automatically gathered by sensors deployed on animals, has become one of the fastest growing sources of biodiversity data. This is largely due to the steadily declining mass, size and costs of sensors, continuously opening new opportunities to monitor new species. While previously ‘tracking data’—data from spatially enabled sensors such as GPS sensors—was most prominent, currently almost 70% of all bio-logging data is comprised of non-spatial data as e.g., physiological data. In contrast to the biodiversity data community, where standards to mobilize and exchange data are relatively well established, the bio-logging community is still lacking standards to transport data from sensors into repositories, or to mobilize data in a standardized format from different repositories to enable cooperation between users, shared software tools, data aggregation for meta-analysis, or a consistent format for long-term archiving.

To set the stage for a discussion about standards for bio-logging data to be developed or adapted, we present a mind map describing the different pathways of bio-logging data during its life cycle, and the opportunities for standardization within this cycle. As an example we present the use of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) ‘SensorML’ and ‘Observations & Measurements’ standards to transfer bio-logging data from a sensor to a repository and ultimately to a user for subsequent analysis. These standards provide machine-readable methods for describing bio-logging sensors and the measurements they collect, offering a standardized structure that can be customized by the bio-logging community (e.g. with standardized vocabularies) to achieve interoperability.
The Living Atlases Community in Action: Sharing Species Pages through the Atlas of Living Costa Rica
Authors: Vargas Manuel , Mora María , Ulate William , Cuadra José
Published: May 2018

The Atlas of Living Costa Rica (http://www.crbio.cr/) is a biodiversity data portal, based on the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), which provides integrated, free, and open access to data and information about Costa Rican biodiversity in order to support science, education, and conservation. It is managed by the Biodiversity Informatics Research Center (CRBio) and the National Biodiversity Institute (INBio).

Currently, the Atlas of Living Costa Rica includes nearly 8 million georeferenced species occurrence records, mediated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), which come from more than 900 databases and have been published by research centers in 36 countries. Half of those records are published by Costa Rican institutions. In addition, CRBio is making a special effort to enrich and share more than 5000 species pages, developed by INBio, about Costa Rican vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs, nematodes, plants and fungi. These pages contain information elements pertaining to, for instance, morphological descriptions, distribution, habitat, conservation status, management, nomenclature and multimedia. This effort is aligned with collaboration established by Costa Rica with other countries such as Spain, Mexico, Colombia and Brazil to standarize this type of information through Plinian Core (https://github.com/PlinianCore), a set of vocabulary terms that can be used to describe different aspects of biological species.

The Biodiversity Information Explorer (BIE) is one of the modules made available by ALA which indexes taxonomic and species content and provides a search interface for it. We will present how CRBio is implementing BIE as part of the Atlas of Living Costa Rica in order to share all the information elements contained in the Costa Rican species pages.
Climbers of the Estação Ecológica de Assis, State of São Paulo, Brazil: floristics and identification keys
Authors: Neto Nicácio Ribeiro , Ronqui Raquel Aparecida , Seidinger Letícia Chedid , Udulutsch Renata Giassi
Published: May 2018

Climbers are an important life form in the understory and canopy of tropical forests. They are characterised by constant root connection to the ground and use of other species, mainly trees, as support in their search for higher light. In addition, they have an important role in ecological succession in forest clearings, as they are able to develop rapidly in these environments. Climbers can have high species richness in the biomes in which they are present. Since climbers are of little economic importance, they are usually cut down without regard for their contribution to maintenance of biodiversity and to the structure of the forest. Floristic studies of climbers in Brazil are still scarce and more research is needed. The goal of our research was to develop a floristic survey and identification keys for the climbers of the Estação Ecológica de Assis (EEA) in the cerrado biome of São Paulo state, Brazil. Sampling was carried out every two weeks over ten months, along trails and edges of forest within the EEA. Identification keys were built based on vegetative characters. Thirty-two climber species, belonging to 24 genera and 13 families were recorded. The families with the largest number of species were Bignoniaceae (8 species), Malpighiaceae (5), Apocynaceae (3) and Smilacaceae (3). The richest genera were Fridericia (4 species), Banisteriopsis (3) and Smilax (3). The number of species recorded for the forest fragment reveals the important role of climbers in the diversity of forested savannahs (“cerradões”) in the State of São Paulo.
Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n., a new Pantepui species of the Anomaloglossus beebei group (Anura, Aromobatidae)
Authors: Kok Philippe J.R. , Nicolaï Michaël P.J. , Lathrop Amy , MacCulloch Ross D.
Published: May 2018

Recent extinctions and drastic population declines have been documented in the Guiana Shield endemic frog genusAnomaloglossus, hence the importance to resolve its alpha-taxonomy. Based on molecular phylogenies, the literature has long reported the occurrence of an undescribed species in the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana in the Pantepui region. We here describe this new taxon and demonstrate that in addition to divergence at the molecular level the new species differs from congeners by a unique combination of morphological characters, notably a small size (maximum SVL in males 18.86 mm, maximum SVL in females 21.26 mm), Finger I = Finger II when fingers adpressed, Finger III swollen in breeding males, fringes on fingers absent, toes basally webbed but lacking fringes, in life presence of a thin dorsolateral stripe from tip of snout to tip of urostyle, and a black throat in preserved males (immaculate cream in females). Virtually nothing is known about the ecology of the new species. We suggest the new species to be considered as Data Deficient according to IUCN standards.
The inland water macro-invertebrate occurrences in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Vannevel Rudy , Brosens Dimitri , De Cooman Ward , Gabriels Wim , Lavens Frank , Mertens Joost , Vervaeke Bart
Published: May 2018

The Flanders Environment Agency (VMM) has been performing biological water quality assessments on inland waters in Flanders (Belgium) since 1989 and sediment quality assessments since 2000. The water quality monitoring network is a combined physico-chemical and biological network, the biological component focusing on macro-invertebrates. The sediment monitoring programme produces biological data to assess the sediment quality. Both monitoring programmes aim to provide index values, applying a similar conceptual methodology based on the presence of macro-invertebrates. The biological data obtained from both monitoring networks are consolidated in the VMM macro-invertebrates database and include identifications at family and genus level of the freshwater phyla Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, and Arthropoda. This paper discusses the content of this database, and the dataset published thereof: 282,309 records of 210 observed taxa from 4,140 monitoring sites located on 657 different water bodies, collected during 22,663 events. This paper provides some background information on the methodology, temporal and spatial coverage, and taxonomy, and describes the content of the dataset. The data are distributed as open data under the Creative Commons CC-BY license.
Taxonomic study of the leafmining genus Liocrobyla Meyrick, 1916 from China (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) with a description of one new species
Authors: Liu Tengteng , Wang Encui , Wang Shuxia
Published: May 2018

Three species of the leafmining genusLiocrobylaMeyrick, 1916 from China are treated.Liocrobylaindigoferasp. n.feeding on the plant genusIndigoferais described as new to science.LiocrobylalobataKuroko, 1960 feeding on Puerariamontanavar.lobata is newly recorded in China.Lespedezabicoloris documented as a new host plant forL.desmodiellaKuroko, 1982. Photographs of adult habitus, male and female genitalia, as well as host plants, leaf mines and biology are provided.
Workshop on Educational Innovation in Architecture: JIDA’17 5th Edition
Authors: Bardí-Milà Berta , García-Escudero Daniel , Amante García Beatriz , Martínez Martínez María
Published: May 2018

Workshop on Educational Innovation in Architecture (JIDA, http://revistes.upc.edu/ojs/index.php/JIDA) are a meeting point for professionals in teaching innovation in the field of Architecture. Its main aim is to present and share teaching experiences within several architecture disciplines. In this sense, the conference becomes a forum to discuss issues related to the daily pedagogical practice from a wide range of views both from national and international schools of Architecture.JIDA’17 goal is to improve the quality of learning in this specific field of knowledge and, more precisely, in the general training of architects. The five editions so far (2013-2017) have been developed under the initiative and coordination of the Grup per la Innovació i la Logística Docent en Arquitectura (GILDA), in cooperation with the Institut de Ciències de l’Educació (ICE-UPC). In the current monograph, we have included four communications which were presented in JIDA’S fifth edition (2017), and a preface by the Conference directors in which we discuss the global panorama of education in architecture in terms of teaching experiences collected in all previous JIDA’s proceedings.
SLC15A2 and SLC15A4 Mediate the Transport of Bacterially Derived Di/Tripeptides To Enhance the Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain–Dependent Immune Response in Mouse Bone Marrow–Derived Macrophages
Authors: Hu Yongjun , Song Feifeng , Jiang Huidi , Nuñez Gabriel , Smith David E.
Published: May 2018

There is increasing evidence that proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters (POTs) can transport bacterially derived chemotactic peptides and therefore reside at the critical interface of innate immune responses and regulation. However, there is substantial contention regarding how these bacterial peptides access the cytosol to exert their effects and which POTs are involved in facilitating this process. Thus, the current study proposed to determine the (sub)cellular expression and functional activity of POTs in macrophages derived from mouse bone marrow and to evaluate the effect of specific POT deletion on the production of inflammatory cytokines in wild-type, Pept2 knockout and Pht1 knockout mice. We found that PEPT2 and PHT1 were highly expressed and functionally active in mouse macrophages, but PEPT1 was absent. The fluorescent imaging of muramyl dipeptide–rhodamine clearly demonstrated that PEPT2 was expressed on the plasma membrane of macrophages, whereas PHT1 was expressed on endosomal membranes. Moreover, both transporters could significantly influence the effect of bacterially derived peptide ligands on cytokine stimulation, as shown by the reduced responses in Pept2 knockout and Pht1 knockout mice as compared with wild-type animals. Taken as a whole, our results point to PEPT2 (at plasma membranes) and PHT1 (at endosomal membranes) working in concert to optimize the uptake of bacterial ligands into the cytosol of macrophages, thereby enhancing the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This new paradigm offers significant insight into potential drug development strategies along with transporter-targeted therapies for endocrine, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases.
Formation of the Intrathymic Dendritic Cell Pool Requires CCL21-Mediated Recruitment of CCR7+ Progenitors to the Thymus
Authors: Cosway Emilie J. , Ohigashi Izumi , Schauble Karin , Parnell Sonia M. , Jenkinson William E. , Luther Sanjiv , Takahama Yousuke , Anderson Graham
Published: May 2018

During αβ T cell development in the thymus, migration of newly selected CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes into medullary areas enables tolerance mechanisms to purge the newly selected αβ TCR repertoire of autoreactive specificities. Thymic dendritic cells (DC) play key roles in this process and consist of three distinct subsets that differ in their developmental origins. Thus, plasmacytoid DC and Sirpα+ conventional DC type 2 are extrathymically derived and enter into the thymus via their respective expression of the chemokine receptors CCR9 and CCR2. In contrast, although Sirpα− conventional DC type 1 (cDC1) are known to arise intrathymically from immature progenitors, the precise nature of such thymus-colonizing progenitors and the mechanisms controlling their thymus entry are unclear. In this article, we report a selective reduction in thymic cDC1 in mice lacking the chemokine receptor CCR7. In addition, we show that the thymus contains a CD11c+MHC class II−Sirpα−Flt3+ cDC progenitor population that expresses CCR7, and that migration of these cells to the thymus is impaired in Ccr7−/− mice. Moreover, thymic cDC1 defects in Ccr7−/− mice are mirrored in plt/plt mice, with further analysis of mice individually lacking the CCR7 ligands CCL21Ser (Ccl21a−/−) or CCL19 (Ccl19−/−) demonstrating an essential role for CCR7-CCL21Ser during intrathymic cDC1 development. Collectively, our data support a mechanism in which CCR7-CCL21Ser interactions guide the migration of cDC progenitors to the thymus for correct formation of the intrathymic cDC1 pool.
The impact of global warming on lake surface water temperature in Poland - the application of empirical-statistical downscaling, 1971-2100
Authors: Czernecki Bartosz , Ptak Mariusz
Published: May 2018

The paper presents historical (1971-2015) and scenario-based (2006-2100) changes in surface water temperatures in 10 lakes of Poland. The analysis of historical measurement (1971-2015) showed that mean annual lake surface water temperature (LSWT) was characterised by an increasing tendency by 0.37°C∙dec-1 on average, and was higher by 0.01°C∙dec-1 than air temperature in the analogical period. The highest increase in LSWT was recorded in spring months (April, May) and in summer (July). The future changes in LSWT was based on simulations of 33 AOGCMs available in the scope of CMIP5 project for RCPs: 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5. The developed empirical-statistical downscaling models (ESD) use the air temperature field as predictors, with consideration of autocorrelation for two preceding months. ESD models are characterised by high quality of reconstruction of water temperatures in the historical period, with correlation from 0.82 (December, February) to 0.93 (July). The future CMIP5 scenarios for the period 2006-2100 assume an increase in air temperature at the end of the 21st century from +1.8°C (RCP 2.6) to +5.1°C (RCP 8.5) in reference to the period 1971-2005. According to the downscaling models, this corresponds to an increase in water temperature in the analysed lakes ranging from +1.4°C (RCP 2.6) to +4.2°C (RCP 8.5) in the years 2081-2100, respectively, with evident variability between the adopted emission paths beginning from the period 2041-2060. At a monthly scale, water temperature will increase the slowest in February (2081-2100: RCP 2.6 = +0.5°C, RCP 8.5 = +1.8°C). The highest increase in temperature will occur from May to August (RCP 8.5 = +6°C in June).Substantial effects of transformations of the thermal regime are already observed today, e,g. in the reduction of the ice season length. According to developed scenarios, a further considerable increase in water temperature will be the primary factor determining the transformation of lake ecosystems. The obtained results provide a theoretical basis for further research conducted in the scope of many disciplines, among others hydrology, hydrobiology, ecology, water management, energy production, etc. In the case of Poland, issues related to low water resources per capita are particularly important. Contemporary studies concerning changes in water resources showed that the natural factor playing the key role in their reduction is temperature increase and therefore it should constitute for the possibly fast development of multidisciplinary concepts of mitigation policy to potential impact of climate change.
Leaf traits of Brazilian semiarid species as regulatory factors for associated aquatic invertebrates
Authors: Medeiros Cavalcanti Júnior Marcos , Hepp Luiz U. , Molozzi Joseline , Trovão Dilma M. de Brito Melo
Published: May 2018

The input of leaf litter is an important energy source for the riparian vegetation of aquatic ecosystems, and the chemical composition of leaf litter is decisive for colonization by invertebrates in streams. Plant species of the semiarid regions present different morphophysiological characteristics to combat the effects of drought, including tough leaves that have less nutritional quality. However, although concern regarding the decomposition of organic matter in aquatic ecosystems in semiarid regions is increasing, no information exists on the influence of leaf traits (e.g., N, C:N ratio and toughness) before the colonization of invertebrates and the decomposition of leaf litter. We hypothesized that: i) leaves with greater toughness, higher C:N ratio and lower amount of N present low density and biomass of associated invertebrates; ii) greater density and biomass of associated invertebrates results in increased decomposition rates; and iii) leaf traits influences the structure and composition of functional feeding groups of associated invertebrates. We incubated senescent leaves of Tabebuia aurea and Aspidosperma pyrifolium in a Brazilian semiarid stream using litter bags, and after 3, 7, 15 and 30 days, four litter bags were withdrawn for laboratory washing of the remaining leaf sediment and for collection of associated invertebrates. A. pyrifolium leaves presented higher nutritional quality (low C:N ratio, lower toughness), and the decomposition rate was higher than T. aurea leaves. Invertebrate density and biomass varied among litter, being higher in T. aurea and A. pyrifolium, respectively. The leaf litter quality also altered the composition of functional feeding groups. We observed a higher density of filters on T. aurea and collectors on A. pyrifolium. Both T. aurea and A. pyrifolium presented higher biomass of collectors, however T. aurea showed higher biomass of filters than A. pyrifolium. In the absence of shredders, leaf litter may have been used by invertebrates as a substrate, for shelter against predators and current, and sporadically as a food resource. Thus, differences in the leaf traits were important structures of the streams invertebrate. These are the first results of the influence of leaf traits on invertebrate colonization in the streams of semiarid regions, and reinforce the need for studies to verify the contribution of organic matter as well as the feeding preferences of invertebrates.
Isoniazid preventative therapy uptake for child household contacts of TB index cases, Kisumu County, Kenya, 2014-2015
Authors: Burmen Barbara , Mutai Kennedy , Malika Timothy
Published: May 2018

Background Isoniazid Preventative Therapy (IPT) is recommended for children aged less than 5 years that have been in contact with an open case of TB and screen negative for TB to prevent the risk of TB progression. We examined IPT uptake among child household contacts of TB index cases within a TB case detection study in a high TB burden region. Methods A cross-sectional study involving all IPT eligible children drawn from a TB case detection study was done in Kisumu County, Kenya between 2014 and 2015. By linking a subset study database to the TB program IPT register, we described Child contacts as ‘initiated on IPT’ and TB index cases as ‘having child contacts initiated on IPT’ based on whether their names or their child contacts names respectively, were found in the IPT register. Logistic regression analysis was used to describe index and contact characteristics associated with IPT initiation Results Of 555 TB index cases into the study, 243 (44%) had a total of 337 IPT-eligible child household contacts. Forty-seven (19%) index cases that had child contacts initiated on IPT; they were more likely to have been diagnosed with smear positive TB compared to those who were diagnosed with smear negative TB (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.1-23.2; p=0.03) and to reside in rural Kisumu compared to those in urban Kisumu (OR 3.3, 05% CI 1.6-6.8; p<0.01). The 51 (15%) child contacts that were initiated on IPT were more likely to be were first degree relatives of the index case compared to those who were not (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.5; p=0.02) and to reside in rural Kisumu compared to those in urban Kisumu (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.1; p<0.01). Conclusion IPT initiation, which is influenced by index and contact characteristics, is suboptimal. The TB program should provide health worker training, avail appropriate pediatric TB diagnostic tools and continuous supply of medication, and job aids and monitoring tools to facilitate IPT implementation. Additionally, targeted health education interventions should be formulated to reach those who are unlikely to accept IPT.
Antiretroviral initiation of pregnant women and antenatal care booking practices in eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Nozulu Nomonde , Gaede Bernard M.
Published: May 2018

Background: The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa began as part of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme. For significant reduction of vertical transmission, early antenatal care booking and ART initiation are necessary.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate ART initiation and booking practices of women attending antenatal care in eThekwini district during financial years (FY) 2010/2011 and 2013/2014.Methods: An observational study used a retrospective chart review at four eThekwini district community health centres (CHC). From these CHCs, records of women that initiated ART in FY10/11 and FY13/14 were reviewed and compared for ART initiation delays and booking practices.Results: A total of 2749 pregnant women who attended antenatal care (ANC) at the study sites were found eligible for ART; of these, 49% (n = 1334) attended ANC in FY10/11 while 51% (n = 1414) attended in FY13/14. In FY10/11, 46% (n = 610) and 60 % (n = 855) of the womenwere initiated on ART during pregnancy. The mean gestational age at booking for FY10/11 was 20.88 (standard deviation [s.d.] = 5.6) and 18.40 (s.d. = 6.2) in FY13/14. The mean gestational age at ART initiation for women who initiated ART in FY10/11 was 26.30 (s.d. = 6.02) and in FY13/14 it was 19.06 (s.d. = 6.86).Conclusion: In FY13/14 ART initiations occurred within 4 days after booking. ANC booking before 20 weeks was found to have improved between the two years from 39% to 58%;however, on average, in both years women booked during the second trimester.
Highly Accelerated Failure Test (HAFT) for Automotive Lamps with LED Assembly
Authors:   Test Methods and Equipment Stds Committee
Published: May 2018

This SAE Recommended Practice provides test procedures, requirements, and equipment recommendations for the methods of the measurement that characterizes potential design failures by utilizing a step stress approach to subject a device under test to thermal, vibration, and electrical stresses of types and levels beyond what it may see in actual use, but which will rapidly induce failure modes, allowing them to be detected and corrected.
Occupational Therapy Interventions Addressing Sleep for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Smallfield Stacy , Molitor Whitney Lucas
Published: May 2018

Because of age-related changes in sleep patterns, older adults may get less sleep than the recommended amount and experience decreased performance in daytime activities as a result. This article examines the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy addressing sleep. Thirteen Level I studies met inclusion criteria and were categorized into three themes: (1) one-to-one single-component interventions, (2) one-to-one multicomponent interventions, and (3) group multicomponent interventions. Strong evidence supports cognitive–behavioral intervention strategies for older adults that include relaxation, sleep hygiene education, problem solving, and physical exercise, among others, delivered one to one or in a group. Routine use of these interventions is recommended.
A TRAJETÓRIA DO MONSENHOR LUIGI PESCARMONA E AS LUTAS PELA REFORMA AGRÁRIA NA DIOCESE DE GUARABIRA/PB
Authors: De Paiva Neto Francisco Fagundes
Published: May 2018

RESUMO

Através de fontes diversificadas, procuramos responder a questão de como seu deu a trajetória religiosa-política do padre italiano Luigi Pescarmona. A opção de Luigi Pescarmona em tornar-se padre sofreu a influência da experiência de sacerdotes italianos opositores do regime fascista, além de ser pertencente a uma família de inclinação socialista e católica. A trajetória do religioso decorreu em meio a duas grandes transições no campo religioso católico: o Concílio do Vaticano e a crise da Teologia da Libertação, a partir da década de 1980. Durante a fase compreendida entre 1960 e fins da década de 1990, analisamos como ocorreu uma experiência religiosa-política do padre Luigi Pescarmona, por meio de um habitus partisão, ligado à Teologia da Libertação, cuja relação se deu com as demandas pela reforma agrária, sobretudo no estado da Paraíba. Os aportes de Pierre Bourdieu fomentaram a nossa percepção sobre a dinâmica do campo político, as disputas simbólicas, os conflitos entre classes e de representações, que demonstram diversos níveis de conflitividade no campo de força societal. Quanto à contribuição micro histórica, recorremos ao uso das escalas, que nos permitiu perscrutar as fontes disponíveis. Utilizamos fontes orais, bibliográficas, primárias, artigos de jornais e documentos oriundos de arquivos judiciais.
O MODERNISMO ITALIANO ENTRE HISTÓRIA E HISTORIOGRAFIA
Authors: Saresella Daniela
Published: May 2018

Na passagem entre o Oitocentos e o Novecentos, o mundo católico europeu viveu uma profunda crise: a aversão pela modernidade, que se enraizara nos ambientes eclesiásticos a partir da Revolução Francesa, tinha empobrecido a cultura da Igreja e, com o novo século, muitos intelectuais católicos acharam oportuno abrir-se ao confronto com os desafios da contemporaneidade. Na Itália, o Modernismo, além de concentrar-se em questões teológicas e exegetas, assumiu uma conotação social e se caracterizou por um forte interesse pelas condições dos ‘últimos’. No início do Novecentos nasciam, de fato, os primeiros grupos de católicos democráticos, em constante diálogo e confronto com o mundo socialista.
Um Conto tão Antigo como o Tempo. Construção do Passado e Ideologia Imperial na Pérsia Sassânida
Authors: Vieira Pinto Otávio Luiz
Published: May 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo, em primeiro lugar, elaborar uma introdução e uma apresentação de como a história e o passado eram concebidos, compreendidos, estruturados, registrados e utilizados na Pérsia Sassânida (séculos III ao VII). Em segundo lugar, investigar-se-á – partindo das informações expostas – como a construção do passado e sua instrumentalização, juntamente com as perspectivas religiosas e culturais do zoroastrismo, foram fundamentais para a manutenção de uma ideologia imperial e para a criação de uma certa unidade cultural para um vasto e heterogêneo potentado como a Pérsia, unidade essa incorporada no termo Ērānšahr – “império dos iranianos”. Assim, conclui-se que a “construção do passado” era vista como uma prerrogativa imperial e que a escrita da história, portanto, era flexível e dependente de contingências de seu tempo.
Expressões da liberdade e do seu cerceamento na poesia de Charles d’Orléans (1394-1465)
Authors: Guimarães Marcella Lopes
Published: May 2018

Charles d’Orléans era filho de Luís d’Orléans e Valentina Visconti, sobrinho do rei Carlos VI de França. Muito cedo, foi convocado ao proscênio do cenário político da época, na vingança contra o assassinato de seu pai (em 1407). Entretanto, o evento mais marcante de sua vida seria vivenciado a partir da Batalha de Azincourt (1415), quando foi feito prisioneiro. O poeta viveria 25 anos no cativeiro. A condição de cativo para um nobre na Idade Média era bastante variada. Há momentos em que era tratado como um hóspede e, em outros, as condições eram menos simpáticas. Sabemos, porém, que o Duque de Orléans pôde se dedicar à leitura e à escrita no período. Essa comunicação tem por objetivo analisar as expressões poéticas da liberdade e do seu cerceamento a partir de dois poemas: La Retenue d’Amour, de antes da experiência da prisão, em 1414, e Songe en complainte, de 1437, bem como propor uma tradução das obras.
SECUNDUM STATUTA CANONUM: PODER E MEMÓRIA NOS CONCÍLIOS DO SUL DA GÁLIA (524-529)
Authors: Silva Paulo Duarte
Published: May 2018

Do século III em diante, com a expansão do cristianismo e o aumento do poder local e regional do episcopado, os concílios suplantaram os debates e consultas epistolares como principal ambiente decisório dos assuntos eclesiásticos. O estudo dos cânones conciliares tradicionalmente deu à historiografia fundamentos para avaliar a crescente consolidação institucional da Igreja, especialmente no que se refere às decisões de cunho teológico, disciplinar e litúrgico, como no caso dos concílios ditos ecumênicos. A partir da contribuição de pesquisas mais recentes, neste artigo exploramos os concílios valorizando não somente sua inserção na tradicional história institucional da Igreja mas visando, em especial, suas disputas, os atritos e omissões, bem como a preocupação dos bispos com a produção de uma memória conciliar, a partir das referências da sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu. Para tal, enfocamo-nos nos concílios regionais do sul da Gália (524-529), sob a presidência de Cesário, bispo de Arles (502-542)
A circulação reticular da informação em meio rural: Historiografia e pistas de reflexão
Authors: Boisselier Stéphane
Published: May 2018

Este texto propõe uma reflexão acerca da maneira que a informação circulava em áreas rurais no periodo medieval. Este campo de estudos permanece pouco explorado, sendo a maioria dos estudos relativos à formulação dos testemunhos em processos judiciais e livros de milagres. O rumor está no coração de nossa reflexão, na medida em que representa um conhecimento coletivo e impessoal, de que os próprios atores estavam conscientes; Podemos sugerir que a adesão em valores morais não se funda principalmente na autoridade desses que as expressam, ou na veracidade do enunciado (caso da palavra clerical), mas, sobretudo, na suposta generalidade dessa adesão, pelo menos no seio das comunidades: é assim uma forma de integração, baseada no conformismo. Para terminar, analisamos as fontes de informação invocadas por beneficiários de milagres em duas coleções portuguesas do fim do séc. XII, e do começo do século XIV.
Adaptação à universidade e transtornos mentais comuns em graduandos de enfermagem
Authors: Carleto Cíntia Tavares , Moura Raysa Cristina Dias de , Santos Virgínia Souza , Pedrosa Leila Aparecida Kauchakje
Published: May 2018

Objetivou-se avaliar a adaptação à universidade e a sua relação com a ocorrência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) em graduandos de enfermagem. Estudo analítico, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados, realizado com 92 graduandos de enfermagem de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior de Minas Gerais. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico e acadêmico, o Questionário de Vivências Acadêmicas-reduzido (QVA-r) e o Self-Reporting Questionnaire(SRQ-20). Observou-sebom nível de adaptação entre os participantes, commelhores escores nadimensão Carreira e escores inferiores na dimensão Pessoal. Encontrou-se um indicativo de TMC de 43,5% e uma correlação inversa com adaptação à universidade, indicando que quanto melhor a adaptação, menor a probabilidade de TMC. Os achados evidenciaram que o processo de adaptação à universidade está relacionado à saúde mental dos graduandos e indicam a necessidade de intervenções direcionadas à adaptação acadêmica como estratégia de promoção da saúde.
Reflections on researching transnational migrants and the fieldwork challenges of studying co-nationals abroad
Authors: Jr. Angelo Martins , Knowles Caroline
Published: May 2018

This article offers reflections on the process of researchingtransnational migration, and particularly the fieldworkchallenges and difficulties that can emerge when studyingco-nationals abroad. Based on two distinct research projectson transnational migration (one on Brazilians in Londonand the other on Britons in Beijing), which used similarmethodological tools and faced similar challenges, we arguethatcombining a mobile ethnographic methodologicaltool (documenting journeys) with in-depth biographicalinterviews and historical and contextual analyses, makes ourdata open to analyse migration as a translocal process at thesame time that provides a connection between both macroand micro scales of analysis. Our methodological tools allowedus to understand how people speak of, engage with andnegotiate mobile experiences in their everyday lives, in themacro political and social structures organising immigrationand emigration.We conclude by reflecting on the challengesof researching co-nationals abroad,our own positionalityin relation to our fieldwork and the multi-layered powerrelations involved in our respective research process.
Refugiados e migrantes na Luanda contemporânea
Authors: Fonseca Dagoberto José , Fonseca Simone De Loiola Ferreira
Published: May 2018

O artigo, ao abordar o debate acerca dos refugiados e das migrações, demonstra os deslocamentos populacionais presentes em Angola. Lançamos o nosso olhar para Luanda, considerada a capital mais cara do mundo, tendo sido projetada pelos conquistadores portugueses para ser uma cidade de veraneio e ter no máximo 500 mil habitantes, entretanto, atualmente possui mais de seis milhões de pessoas. A maioria é de migrantes internos, oriundos das áreas rurais, refugiados das guerras de independência e civil, falantes de seis grandes línguas nativas e mais de trinta variantes linguísticas originárias do território nacional. Nesse sentido, a língua portuguesa torna-se também um desafio e uma conquista para os refugiados que não a dominam e necessitam dela em Luanda. Essa capital que, ainda, tem recebido estrangeiros africanos de línguas francesa e inglesa, tais como os namibianos, congoleses, zambianos, senegaleses e de outras regiões do mundo, especialmente brasileiros, portugueses, cubanos e chineses.