bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Workflow for Transforming Infrastructure Projects Data into the Metaverse
Authors: Al-Shaheen Mohammed Amer Younus , Sundaram Raj Mukta , Ramalingam Thirunavukkarsu
Published: October 2023

The infrastructure construction industry is typically characterized by large-scale, complex technologies, long completion times, and challenging collaborations. The provisioning of digital representations in 3D by combining physical properties with geospatial data would assist in addressing some of these challenging issues. These technologies would also provide a fundamental basis for the creation of Metaverse to support sustainable, innovative infrastructure design and construction. Hitherto most studies were focused primarily on integration techniques rather than providing comprehensive workflow for exploiting projects data to support engineers. This study aims to help engineers and decision makers better understand the opportunities and implications of the virtual 3D environment or Metaverse by examining the key emerging trends driving and enabling the development of data workflows for a selected infrastructure project. To build possible levels of workflow, the methodology involved incorporating 3D geometric data acquired from Building Information Models (BIM) and processed with geospatial location. The optimum data workflow and associated advantages for the construction industry have been determined. This paper also describes the concept and workflow approach, including specific data structures, data conversion, and a prototype solution. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the concept's robustness and both in terms of technical implementation and adoption for expediting business processes.
Challenges and Perspectives on Resilient Collaboration for Building Information Modelling (BIM) Education in the GCC Context
Authors: Atour Raya , Ahmad Ahmad Mohammad
Published: October 2023

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is revolutionizing the construction industry and education through digitization. The construction industry expects higher institutions to create graduate students that are BIM-aware and enabled through the understanding of BIM. There are four pillars of BIM, which are people, process, policy, and technology. Less focus is given to the people dimension, as BIM is perceived as 90% technology and 10% sociology, while in reality, it is 90% sociology and 10% technology. This study would embed its focus on people, which are students in the context of the educational implementation, and on female students in the GCC region. This paper aims to identify the complexity of collaboration in BIM education for female students in the GCC region, as many educational institutions create specific atmospheres for female students aligned with the local customs of the region. The investigation focuses on identifying the challenges in BIM collaboration in education in this specific context through a multifaceted theoretical investigation with a comprehensive literature review. The findings of this paper include identifying the multivariate factors involved in the collaboration of BIM education. The recommendations involve the inclusion of resilient strategies to integrate the long-lost 'soft' attributes of people in technology in the realm of optimization and efficiency. This study would be a significant milestone in the region and a promising approach to utilizing local and indigenous tools, approaches, and contexts to meet educational excellence.
System analytics of data redundancy of corporate information systems using the theory of symmetry
Authors: Kopnova O. L. , Aitymova A. M. , Abildinova G. M.
Published: October 2023

In this article, we will consider an example of the analysis of a corporate information system in order to eliminate the data redundancy of a corporate information system using the symmetry method. The proposed analysis may be of interest to both analysts of universities and large enterprises whose corporate information system consists of several integrated systems. The main types of information systems integration are described. The methodology presents an algorithm for analyzing the redundancy of information systems data in the outline of a corporate information system. The given example describes what problems there may be when merging information systems. The presented data analysis algorithm can be scaled to the corporate information system of any enterprise or organization.
RESUMO DE TCC: VIABILIDADE DE USO DA TAIPA DE PILÃO EM RESIDÊNCIAS CONTEMPOR NEAS EM BELO HORIZONTE
Authors: Vimieiro Jhade Cunha , Bessa Sofia Araújo Lima
Published: October 2023

A partir da década de 1970, com o debate acerca dos problemas ambientais no mundo, houve um aumento da discussão sobre a prática da sustentabilidade em diversos ramos de atividades, inclusive a construção civil. O uso de sistemas construtivos sustentáveis apontam como uma das soluções para os problemas ambientais. A arquitetura de terra engloba técnicas construtivas sustentáveis milenares que empregam material do próprio ambiente no qual a edificação será construída. Este trabalho propôs, portanto, o uso da taipa de pilão como técnica construtiva em residências contemporâneas para classe média na cidade de Belo Horizonte, situada na região Sudeste do Brasil. A partir de estudos de caso, obras análogas foram analisadas para auxiliar na proposta de projeto. Buscou-se compreender a técnica e analisar, por meio de diagnósticos de padrões, a tendência construtiva nos bairros da cidade, além da viabilidade de uma construção com tipologias semelhantes na cidade de estudo. Para assegurar a exequibilidade do sistema construtivo com taipa de pilão, foram coletadas amostras de solo, do terreno escolhido, e realizou-se a caracterização física por meio de ensaios de granulometria, limite de plasticidade e limite de liquidez. Aliado a estratégias bioclimáticas, componentes construtivos sustentáveis e equipamentos de fonte alternativas de energia, foi proposto um projeto habitacional em consonância com as características climáticas da cidade. Como resultado, pode-se analisar que o solo foi adequado para a técnica, o que viabiliza a construção. Além do mais, pode-se analisar a viabilidade construtiva da taipa de pilão em habitações contemporâneas situadas em cidades brasileiras.
THE CONSTRUCTIVE/ DETERMINATIVE POWER OF DEATH: AN EVALUATION ON DEATH BASED ON J. SARAMAGO'S
Authors: KOÇ Emel
Published: October 2023

Ölüme ilişkin farkındalık insan adına sarsıcı ve kaygı vericidir. İnsan bu kaygının üstesinden gelebilmek için her hâlükârda hayatta kalabilmenin yollarını aramış, hatta ölümsüzlük arayışına girişmiştir. Bu arayışa rağmen her insan,
her ne kadar istemese de ölmek zorunda olduğunu bilir. Ölüm tüm trajikliğine rağmen iyi ve anlamlı bir yaşamın itici gücü olma özelliğine sahiptir. İnsanın ölüm realitesiyle yüzleşmesi hayatı ve varoluşu inşa edebilmesi açısından
önemlidir. İnsanları ölümsüz eserler yaratmaya yönlendiren şey ölümlü oldukları gerçeğidir. Ölüm olmasaydı muhtemelen tarih, kültür, yaratıcı etkinlikler de olmayacaktı. Saramago Ölüm Bir Varmış Bir Yokmuş eserini 2005 yılında
yayımlamıştır. Eserde ölüm hem başlı başına bir karakter hem de konu olarak ele alınmıştır. Saramago romanın ilk bölümünde ölümün olmadığı bir toplumun içinde bulunduğu sosyo-ekonomik, siyasi, dini, ahlaki vb. sorunları ele alırken
ikinci bölümde ölümün olduğu bir dünyada yaşanan sorunları dile getirmiştir. Bu makale J. Saramago Ölüm Bir Varmış Bir Yokmuş adlı eserinden hareketle ölümün toplumsal/kültürel ve bireysel/ varoluşsal açıdan belirleyici/ inşa edici
rolünü vurgulamak ve geleneksel dönemden moderne doğru değişen ölüm algısına dikkat çekmek amacındadır.
HERMENEUTIC AND SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF BANKSY’S “GIRL WITH BALLOON” ARTWORK
Authors: IŞIK Yusuf Emre
Published: October 2023

Bu makale; sanatçı, sanat eseri, izleyici ve toplumsal zemin arasındaki korelasyona odaklanarak, sanat yapıtlarını semiyotik açıdan anlayıp hermeneutik bir anlayışla, biçimsel analizden sosyo-kültürel yorumlamaya kadar uzanan çeşitli
içerik ve yaklaşımlarla değerlendirip, anlamlandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, sanat eleştirisini tanımlanıp, analitik çözümleme, yorumlama ve yargı yöntemlerini belirli başlıklar çerçevesinde ele almaya çalışılacaktır.
Bu yaklaşımla, resmi yorumlama ve yaratma dinamik bir süreç olarak ele alınıp eğitimcilerin ve araştırmacıların sanat ve tasarım eğitimine daha derinlemesine bağlantılar kurmasına, teori ile pratik arasındaki ilişkiyi geliştirmesine
ve geleneksel öğrenme ortamlarının sınırlarını genişletmesine yardımcı olabilecek örneklem oluşturmaya çalışılacaktır. Teorik tartışma bağlamında “resim” kültürel pratiklerini etiketlemek yerine, resmi hermeneutik olarak işleyebileceği
konusundaki pratiklik ve somut öğrenme durumlarına atıfta bulunarak bazı yolları belirlemeye yönelik bir çaba olarak tasarlanmıştır. Resmin yorumlanması için öne çıkan yaklaşımlar ve süreçler semiyolojik ve hermeneutik çerçeve
içinde öğrenciler için sanata ilgi duyan izleyiciler için de sorgulama deneyimi sunar. Resmi geleneksel eğitim bağlamının ötesine taşıyan bir uygulamayla ilgili bir perspektif sunarken bir sanat yapıtı karşısında farklı sujelerle
dinamik bir etkileşim içerebileceği fikrini kapsar. Ayrıca eserin süje ile arasındaki etkileşim, sadece eğitim içinde resmin dönüştürücü potansiyelini açığa çıkarmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda yaratıcı uygulamaların daha geniş kültürel
ve kişisel bağlamlarla nasıl kesişebileceği şeklinde keşfetmeyi destekler. Burada kullanılan hermeneutik perspektif, eğitimcileri ve araştırmacıları, sanatsal süreçlerde eserlerden ortaya çıkabilecek anlam katmanlarını ve yorumları
dikkate almak konusunda yönlendirir.
COSMIC HARMONY: AN ANTIQUE/RENNAISSANCE CONCEPT IN THE OTTOMAN TEXTS OF MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURE
Authors: YILMAZ Nazende
Published: October 2023

This study discusses texts dealing with the common ontological and cosmological infrastructure of music and architecture, especially in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth-century Ottoman Empire, to present the prevailing perspective
of this period. This research adopts an interdisciplinary hermeneutic approach to architectural and musical texts. Ottoman architecture's ontological and cosmological background is based on Sufi ontology and ancient philosophy.
Pythagoreanism, on the other hand, had an impact on the systematic school of Ottoman music. When all this information is evaluated, we encounter the cosmic harmony, stages of creation, celestial layers above the earth, planets,
and numbers associated with them that are considered sacred, music theory is formulated, and architectural examples are interpreted according to this hierarchy. When Ottoman culture is examined with an interdisciplinary hermeneutic
approach, it is revealed that a perception of ontology and cosmology from ancient sources has been adopted.
THE USE OF INSTAGRAM İN THE CONTEXT OF CONSUMPTİON CULTURE: AN INVESTİGATİON ON PHENOMENES
Authors: Dilan Özcan ARAÇ Rojda , ÜLKEN Filiz BİLGİN
Published: October 2023

Sosyal medya platformlarının ara yüz özellikleri işletmelerin/markaların ürün ve hizmet tanıtımlarını gerçekleştirmesi doğrultusunda oldukça önemlidir. Çalışma temel olarak, günümüzde birçok kullanıcı tarafından aktif bir şekilde kullanılan
Instagram platformu üzerinden, işletmelerin/markaların ürün ve hizmet tanıtımlarını daha geniş kitlelere duyurmak için, Instagram’ın gücü doğrultusunda Instagram fenomenleriyle gerçekleştirdikleri iş birliği sonucu Instagram fenomenlerinin
kişisel hesaplarından yaptıkları ürün ve hizmet tanıtım paylaşımlarını tüketim kültürüyle ilişkisi bağlamında incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nitel içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, Instagram fenomenleri
Danla Biliç ve Duygu Özaslan’ın ürün ve hizmet tanıtımlarını kişisel hesaplarından nasıl ele aldıkları ve takipçi kitlelerinin tüketim anlayışına nasıl yön verdikleri incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, işletmelerin/markaların Instagram’ın
gücünden yararlanarak, iş birliği gerçekleştirdikleri fenomenler aracılığıyla ürün ve hizmetlerini daha geniş kitlelere iletebilme imkânını yakaladığı ve bu noktada Danla Biliç ve Duygu Özaslan’ın sıklıkla gerçekleştirdikleri ürün
ve hizmet tanıtımlarını takipçi kitlelerine oldukça güvenilir ve ikna edici bir şekilde aktararak söz konusu ürün ve hizmetlerin büyük oranda tüketimine yönlendirdikleri gözlemlenmiştir.
THE PHENOMENON OF PROBLEMATIC TEXTS OF HADITH: AN APPLIED STUDY
Authors: KİRAZ Alaaddin
Published: October 2023

جاءت الدراسة؛ لتتناول الأسباب والعوامل التي تؤدي إلى ظاهرة الاستشكال في فهم الحديث، مثل تنوع دلالات النصوص الحديثيَّة ما بين ظنِّي وقطعي، وحمل العام على الخاص، ورواية الحديث بالمعنى، والاختصار في رواية الحديث الشريف. هذا التباين في
الاستشكال يمكن أن يُؤدي إلى تفسيرات متعددة لنفس الحديث، ممَّا يؤدي في بعض الأحيان إلى الانحراف عن المعاني الأصلية للنصوص الحديثية. وبهذا تتأكد حاجتنا إلى العناية بلغة الحديث، ومعرفة غريبه، وفهمه حسب سياقه، وفقًا لمقاصد الشريعة
حتى يتأنَّى فهمه على الوجه الصّحيح، وفي حال تعارض النَّص النَّبوي مع المقاصد، يُمكن أن يكون ذلك بسبب عدم صحَّة الحديث أو المقصد المفترض أو لأسباب أخرى. تكمن أهداف الدراسة في بيان الأسباب التي تُوقع في الاختلاف في فهم الحديث، ثمَّ
أُجرِيتْ دراسة تطبيقية على بعض الأحاديث البارزة التي شهدتْ تباينًا في فهمها. اتّبعتِ الدّراسةُ المنهج التحليلي، فشرحتُ أسباب الاختلاف في فهم الحديث، ودلَّلتُ على ذلك بمجموعة من الأحاديث التي وقع الاختلاف في فهمها، وتمَّتْ مناقشة
الاختلاف بأسلوب علمي مدعمًّا بأقوال العلماء، وخُتمتْ الدراسة بتقديم أهم الاستنتاجات التي توصَّلَ إليها الباحث في هذا المجال.
Rasio Daun per Buah dan Indeks Luas Daun Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) di Kebun Percobaan Tajur dan Pasirkuda, Bogor
Authors: Bhaskara Sandhi Yoga , Efendi Darda
Published: October 2023

Rasio daun per buah dan indeks luas daun merupakan metode yang umum digunakan untuk menentukan standar pemangkasan dalam produksi buah pohon. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan karakter morfologi antar populasi manggis serta mengetahui nilai rasio daun-buah dan indeks luas daun (ILD) tanaman manggis di dua lokasi yaitu Tajur dan Pasirkuda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari November 2018 sampai Mei 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Tajur dan Pasirkuda. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan faktor tunggal dan sepuluh ulangan. Faktor yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah lokasi, yaitu Tajur dan Pasirkuda. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan uji t-student pada taraf α=1% dan α=5%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang nyata pada sebagian besar karakter morfologi yang diamati di kedua populasi. Nilai rasio daun-buah di Tajur dan Pasirkuda adalah berturut-turut 34.98 dan 60.85. Nilai ILD antar kedua populasi tidak berbeda nyata dengan rentang antara 5.7 – 14.1.

Kata kunci: karakter morfologi, pemangkasan, perbandingan, produksi
Increasing the Duration of Eye Contact in Children with Autism Through the Look and Say Technique
Authors: Panggoa Semi Tarappak , Sulasminah Dwiyatmi , Mappincara A. , Meidina Tatiana
Published: October 2023

The main problem taken to conduct this research is children with autism who experience low ability to make eye contact. This study aims to determine whether extended eye contact can be achieved by autistic individuals using the look technique. The purpose of this study is to learn how to improve the capacity of grade 4 autistic students to make eye contact. This study employs experimental research methods and a Subject Research Strategy (SSR) using an A-B-A design. The collected data will then be subjected to quantitative statistical processing before being displayed as percentages, graphs, and means. According to the study's findings, kids have a poor capacity to create eye contact before using the Look technique. (1) There was relatively little eye contact with the NA participant prior to using the Look method. (2) The NA participant had eye contact for a longer period of time after receiving the gaze method, reaching the high category. (3) For autistic children who have received treatment utilizing the Look approach, the amount of eye contact is sufficient. (4) While the value attained by NA individuals was higher than before receiving treatment, the capacity of NA subjects to extend contact time in baseline 1 (A1) settings in baseline 2 (A2) after receiving therapy declined from a high category to an adequate category in intervention condition B. This demonstrates how the Gaze method encourages extended eye contact in autistic kids. This is a result of the intervention's effect
Effect of Different Energy Sources on Silage of Dwarf Elephant Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Cv. Mott) on Digestibility and Rumen Fluid Fermentation Parameters
Authors: Sangadji Insun , Patty Christian W. , Sitorus Jojor Desi , Kilmanun Nicodemus Gidion
Published: October 2023

The development of mini elephant grass is an alternative in providing forage because this grass is a superior type of grass. This paper informs about the morphological characteristics and their advantages as a source of feed and their processing to meet the needs of ruminant feed from mini elephant grass. Mini elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) is easily distinguished from elephant grass (P. purpureum) in terms of its morphology. Mini elephant grass has several advantages compared to elephant grass in terms of fast growth and regrowth, ratio of leaves to stems, protein content and high production of dry matter. This grass can be used in grazing and cut and carry systems. In addition, this grass can be given in the form of silage or dry (hay). Processing mini elephant grass through fermentation technology is recommended when production is abundant, so that it can be utilized during the dry season when forage availability is limited. The use of energy sources of 5% such as rice bran, cassava and sago pulp in odot grass silage results in a better quality of the chemical composition of odot grass silage and can increase KcBK, KcBO, VFA, and rumen fluid pH. While the use of rice bran as an energy source can increase the parameters of NH₃ fermentation
Formulasi dan uji aktivitas sediaan lotion tabir surya ekstrak etanol 96% bekatul beras merah (Oryza nivara)
Authors: Listiani Putu Ayu Ratih , Indraswari Putu Ika Indah , Ferrandani Ni Putu
Published: October 2023

Brown Rice Bran (Oryza nivara) contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, or terpenoids that can function as an antioxidant activity that can protect the skin from the adverse effects of UV rays of the sun. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. The viscous extract obtained was then subjected to phytochemical screening and SPF test and made into three different concentrations, 5%, 10%, and 15%, which would then be formulated into a sunscreen lotion dosage form. The resulting preparations evaluated the physical quality of lotion preparations in the form of organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, dispersibility tests, and SPF tests of preparations. The results of the SPF test extract with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% showed that the protection produced was in the ultra-category with SPF values respectively 31.1, 40.1, and 45.1. The results of the physical evaluation of the preparation of sunscreen lotion with brown rice bran extract showed that the lotion produced was not homogeneous, and the results of the pH test and dispersion test still met the requirements. Testing the SPF value of lotion preparations showed that the protection produced by each formula was in the maximum to ultra-category with SPF values of 11.7, 14.1, and 16.4, respectively.
Drug resistant typhoid fever; its clinical spectrum and management in different age groups.
Authors: Sobia Ashfaq  , Asif Manzoor Basra  , Ammara Kaleem  , Samreen Ashraf  , Syed Mujtaba Azhar Bokhari  , Muhammad Raheem
Published: October 2023

Objective: To describe the clinical spectrum of MDR and XDR typhoid fever in different age groups of pediatric population as the disease is generally more common in children with higher rates of complications and mortality. Study Design: Prospective Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric, Government Teaching Hospital Shahdara, Lahore. Period: July 2020 to July 2021. Material & Methods: 211 patients with suspected/confirmed enteric fever between 6 months to 5 years were initially enrolled. Blood culture was performed in all cases. Only culture confirmed cases (143/211) were included. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Quantitative variables like age group, fever defervescence time and duration of hospital stay were calculated as mean and standard deviations while qualitative variables like gender, clinical symptoms and signs, types of typhoid and response to antibiotics were calculated as percentages. Chi-square test was used taking P value <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Mean age of study population was 6.8 ± 3.1 years. Majority (44.1%) of patients belonged to age group >5-10 years and were males (54.5%). Anorexia, coated tongue and hepatomegaly was prevalent among all age groups. High grade fever, loose motions and splenomegaly were common in children <5 years as were anemia, leukocytosis and enteric hepatitis. Children >5-10 years of age had more frequency of abdominal pain (P value <0.03), toxic look (P value <0.04) and leucopenia. While vomiting and thrombocytopenia were common in children >10-15 years of age. MDR typhoid was common in young children (<5 years) while XDR typhoid was common in children of >5-15 years. All MDR patients responded to ceftriaxone while XDR patients responded to either monotherapy or a combination of drugs. Age and gender did not affect antibiotic resistance in both MDR and XDR typhoid (P value >0.05). Fever defervescence time (FDT) was 3-5 days in both MDR and XDR typhoid and it was not significantly different with either monotherapy or a combination of drugs (P value 0.40). Conclusion: There are age related differences in clinical spectrum and lab parameters of drug resistant typhoid fever (MDR & XDR). Resistance to antibiotics in both MDR and XDR typhoid was not significantly affected by age and gender.
Factors linked with the delayed diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. A single center experience from a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan.
Authors: Veena Kumari  , Muhammad Asif Khan  , Ram Chand  , Aliya Kemal Ahsan  , Rajab Ali Khokhar  , Abdul Sattar Shaikh  , Fazal ur Rehman
Published: October 2023

Objective: To note the factors linked with delayed diagnosis of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) among children. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: September 2022 to February 2023. Material & Methods: We analyzed children aged up to 15 years who presented for the first time with echocardiographic evidence for the diagnosis of CHDs. Socio-demographic data along with clinical information like gender, age, residential status, maternal education status, history of maternal fetal echocardiography and the frequency of delayed diagnosis of CHDs were noted on a specially made proforma. Parent or guardians were asked for possible reasons of delayed diagnosis for CHDs. Results: In a total of 250 children, the mean age was 2.33±3.81 years while 162 (64.8%) children were aged below 2 years. There were 138 (55.2%) boys. Residential status of 159 (63.6%) children was rural while maternal educational status of 99 (39.6%) was illiterate. There were 164 (65.6%) children who were diagnosed to have cyanotic CHDs while 86 (34.4%) had acyanotic CHDs. Frequency of delayed diagnosis was noted among 182 (72.8%) children. In these 182 cases, delayed first consultation was the commonest factor behind delayed diagnosis noted in 78 (42.9%) children while missed diagnosis by the pediatrician was the 2nd most common factors linked with the delayed diagnosis of CHDs as described by 62 (34.1%) parents. Conclusion: Almost 3/4th of the studied children had delayed diagnosis of CHDs while cyanotic CHDs were the most common CHD types. Delayed first consultant and missed diagnosis by the pediatrician were the most common factors linked with delayed diagnosis of CHDs.
PREVALÊNCIA DE ÓBITOS POR INFARTO CEREBRAL NO BRASIL ENTRE OS IDOSOS DE 2013 A 2022.
Authors: Melo Thiago Santos de
Published: October 2023

Introdução: O Infarto Cerebral (IC) é uma condição clínica manifestada a partir de uma obstrução ou ruptura dos vasos sanguíneos responsáveis pelo transporte de sangue ao cérebro. No Brasil, o IC, ent
Study on Mechanical Behaviour of Al-15Si-10Zn/x ZrO2 Composites Synthesized by Stir Cast Method
Authors: Chavan Vijaykumar , Goudar Dayanand , V. Kuppast Vinay , V. Kurahatti Rajashekar , M. Naik Mangalppa
Published: October 2023

In this research, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-15Si-10Zn-xZrO2 (x = 5, 7 and 10 wt.%) composites synthesized by the stir-casting process have been investigated. The matrix and composite samples were characterized using an X-ray diffraction test (XRD) and their microstructures were studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microstructure of different phases was analyzed using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The microstructure of the Al-15Si-10Zn/ZrO2 composites consisted of coarse primary Si, needlelike eutectic Si, and Zn-rich phases, with ZrO2 reinforcement particles distributed homogeneously in the composites. The micro-hardness and tensile properties of the matrix and composites were determined at room temperature. The results show significant improvements in the micro-hardness and tensile strength of the composites compared to the matrix alloy. The micro-hardness of the stir-cast composites increased by 24%, 44%, and 58% in the 5, 7, and 10 wt% ZrO2 reinforcement composites, respectively. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the 5, 7, and 10 wt% ZrO2 composites increased by 17%, 30%, and 44%, respectively, compared to the matrix alloy. The increased content of ZrO2 resulted in an increase in hardness, ultimate tensile and yield strengths and a decrease in ductility.
Predicting the Potential Invasion Hotspots of Chromolaena odorata under Current and Future Climate Change Scenarios in Heterogeneous Ecological Landscapes of Mizoram, India
Authors: Sengupta Rabishankar , Dash Sudhansu Sekhar
Published: October 2023

Recent trends in globalization, human mobility surge and global trade aggravated the expansion of alien species introduction leading to invasion by alien plants compounded by climate change. The ability to predict the spread of invasive species within the context of climate change holds significance for accurately identifying vulnerable regions and formulating strategies to contain their wide proliferation and invasion. Anthropogenic activities and recent climate change scenarios increased the risk of Chromolaena odorata invasion and habitat expansion in Mizoram. To forecast its current distribution and habitat suitability amidst climatic alterations in Mizoram, a MaxEnt-driven habitat suitability model was deployed using the default parameters. The resultant model exhibited that the current spatial range of C. odorata occupies 15.37% of geographical areas deemed suitable for varying degrees of invasion. Projections for 2050 and 2070 anticipated an expansion of suitable habitats up to 34.37% of the geographical area of Mizoram, specifically under RCP 2.6 in 2070 in comparison with its present distribution. Currently, the distributional range of C. odorata in Mizoram spans from lower (450 m) to mid elevational ranges up to 1700 meters, with limited presence at higher altitudes. However, the habitat suitability model extrapolates that climate changes will elevate the invasion risk posed by C. odorata across Mizoram, particularly in the North-Western and Central regions. The projection of further territorial expansion and an upward shift in altitudinal range in the future underscores the urgency of instating robust management measures to pre-empt the impact of C. odorata invasion. This study recommends the imperative nature of effective C. odorata management, particularly during the initial stages of invasion.
INVENTORY OF MACROFUNGI DIVERSITY ON THE CANOPY TRACK AND CIPADARANTEN 1 TRACK IN THE PPKA BODOGOL AREA, SUKABUMI, WEST JAVA
Authors: Amlimny Aniza Fitria , Ningrum Novalia Widya , Jannah Jamil Aisyah Wardatul , Maryana Kamilia Fadhilah , Naufananda Demas Athallah , Utami Annisa Wulan Agus , Miarsyah Mieke
Published: October 2023

The inventory of macrofungi diversity on two routes, namely the Kanopi route and the Cipadaranten 1 route at the Bodogol Nature Conservation and Education Center (PPKA), aims to determine the diversity of macrofungi species that live in the area. The research method used is direct observation in the Canopy and Cipadaranten 1 route areas. With the condition of the trees on both routes which are still quite dense and the soil area is still damp due to the cover of the trees, there is great potential for the growth of various types of macrofungi. The results obtained during research on both routes and identification produced 24 species of macrofungi Microporus sp. 1, Microporus sp. 2, Microporus sp. 3, Trametes sp.1, Lenzites sp, Ganoderma sp., Ganoderma boninense, Trametes sp.2, Microporus xanthopus, Hexagonia sp, Trametes parvispora, Microporus sp. 4, Hygrocybe aurantiosplendens, Hygrocybe sp., Marasmius sp. 1, Collybia aurea, Crepidotus sp., Volvariella sp., Marasmius sp. 2, Lycoperdon sp., Marasmiellus sp. , Coprinus sp. , Stereum sp., Auricularia sp. The results obtained prove that the diversity of macrofungi types on the Kanopi and Cipadaranten 1 routes in PPKA Bodogol, West Java is very diverse and varied.
Tilalliset käytännöt muistisairaiden henkilöiden ympärivuorokautisessa hoivassa
Authors: Repo Virve
Published: October 2023

The article examines the long-term care of older individuals with dementia from a spatial perspective. The research combines the theoretical approaches of geographical gerontology with carceral geography. The study was carried out in the Netherlands at Reigershoeve care facility, which emphasizes freedom and the sense of being at home. Geographical gerontology recognizes the interaction between older people and space and the factors that influence how the space is experienced. The carceral can be seen as a detrimental factor produced in certain spaces. Using Reigershoeve as an example, I contemplate the spatial solutions that could reduce the carceralities in the care of older individuals. Research shows that care facilities for people with dementia cannot function without control, but aspects of the carceral can be dismantled. The transition from home to long-term care is part of the geographical processes of human life. The significance of spatial practices must be considered in this transition.
BRIC ÜLKELERİNDE BİTCOİN İLE EKONOMİK POLİTİKA BELİRSİZLİK ENDEKSİ, ENFLASYON VE GENİŞ PARA ARZI(M3) ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: KILIÇ Meltem , GÜRBÜZ Aydın , BEKERECİ Nur Esra
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada, Bitcoin fiyatları ile ekonomik politika belirsizlik endeksi (EPU), geniş para arzı (M3) ve enflasyon arasındaki ilişki ARDL sınır testi ve Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testleri kullanarak araştırılmak istenmiştir. Bu bağlamda söz konusu değişkenler arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönem ilişkisi BRIC (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan ve Çin) ülkeleri açısından Ağustos 2010-Aralık 2021 arası aylık veriler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ampirik analizler sonucunda Çin’nin EPU endeksinin uzun ve kısa dönemde Bitcoin’i negatif etkilediğine ulaşılmıştır. Hindistan için EPU endeksinin uzun dönemde Bitcoin fiyatı üzerindeki etkisi negatif iken; kısa dönemli etkiye rastlanılamadığı görülmüştür. Rusya ve Brezilya içinse EPU endeksi Bitcoin üzerinde etkili bulunamamıştır. BRIC ülkelerinde enflasyonun Bitcoin üzerindeki etkisi uzun dönemde pozitiftir. M3’ün Bitcoin üzerindeki etkisi Hindistan için kısa dönemde pozitif, Brezilya için uzun dönemde negatif yönlü çıkmıştır. Son olarak nedensellik sonuçlarına göre Hindistan ve Brezilya’da enflasyondan Bitcoin’e doğru tek yönlü nedensellik mevcuttur. Çin içinse enflasyondan Bitcoin’e; Bitcoin’den de ekonomik politika belirsizliğine doğru nedensellik ilişkisi söz konusudur. Elde edilen bulgular Bitcoin yatırımcılarının ve politika yapıcıların M3, enflasyon ve EPU’nun etkilerini göz önünde bulundurarak girişimde bulunmalarına ve Bitcoin’le ilgili düzenlemeler geliştirmelerine katkıda bulunacaktır.
Effects of Deslorelin on Testosterone Secretion and Testicular Volume in Male Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Tran Helena D , Carroll Kelsey E , Mackiewicz Alexis L , Ardeshir Amir , Stockinger Diane , De Lucena Thiago , Christe Kari L
Published: October 2023

Sterility in male NHP has long been achieved through surgical castration or vasectomy. However, these techniques are irreversible, require a surgical procedure, and have potential consequences such as sperm granulomas and long recovery time. Deslorelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone
agonist that temporarily and reversibly suppresses sex hormone secretion. Our goal in this study was to investigate the effects of deslorelin on testosterone secretion and testicular volume in male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Male macaques (n = 4) each received two, 4.7-mg
deslorelin implants subcutaneously in the interscapular region. Serum testosterone and testicular volume were then monitored at specific time points until 10 mo after treatment. Testosterone suppression was defined as testosterone levels lower than 0.6 ng/mL for a sustained period of at least
30 d. After implantation, mean testicular volume was significantly reduced by day 121. Testosterone suppression was observed in all subjects. However, the time from implantation to testosterone suppression and duration of suppression varied. Two macaques were hormonally suppressed by day 26
after implantation and remained suppressed for at least 6 mo. The other 2 macaques were hormonally suppressed by 2 mo after implantation; of these two, one remained suppressed for 70 days while the other was suppressed for at least 245 days. We conclude that deslorelin can safely suppress
testosterone secretion in male rhesus macaques, but individual variation in onset and duration of action should be considered when establishing reimplantation time points and potential return to reproductive activity.
A Study on the Difficulties of Pre-service Mathematics Teachers in the Discrete Mathematics Learning
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Rim Haemee , Jeon Youngju
Published: October 2023

This study aims to help improve teacher education by investigating and analyzing the causes and backgrounds of learning difficulties experienced by pre-service mathematics teachers in discrete mathematics. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire and evaluation of them on discrete mathematics, and the data obtained were analyzed. As a result, first, pre-service mathematics teachers need to share their perceptions of the need for discrete mathematics education. Second, a review of the adequacy of the discrete mathematical content and its the credits are required. Third, The causes of their learning difficulties needs to be looked at from a different perspective than the learning factors. And two implications were obtained. One is necessary to study the systematicity and sequence of content elements of discrete mathematics in the aspect of its continuity of curriculum of secondary school and university. The other is required consideration for adjusting the ratio of discrete mathematics to secondary teachers’ employment examination.
Students' Problem Solving Based on their Construction of Image about Problem Contexts
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Koo Dae Hwan , Shin Jaehong
Published: October 2023

In this study, we presented two geometric tasks to three 11th grade students to identify the characteristics of the images that the students had at the beginning of problem solving in the problem situations, and investigated how their images changed during problem solving and effected their problem solving behaviors. In the first task, student A had a static image (type 1) at the beginning of his problem-solving process, but later developed into a dynamic image of type 3 and recognized the invariant relationship between the quantities in the problem situation. Student B and student C were identified as type 3 students throughout their problem solving process. No differences were found in the student B’s and student C's images of the problem context in the first task, but obvious differences appeared in the second task. In the second task, both student B and student C demonstrated a dynamic image of the problem context, but student B did not recognize the invariant relationship between the related quantities, whereas student C constructed a robust quantitative structure, which seemed to support him to perceive the invariant relationship. The results of this study also show that the success of solving the task 1 was determined by whether the students had reached the level of theoretical generalization with a dynamic image of the related quantities in the problem situation. In the case of task 2, the level of covariational reasoning with the two varing quantities in the problem situation brought forth differences between the two students.
Exploration of Instructional Design Changes of Pre-service Mathematics Teachers by Restructuring the Lesson Plan
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Choi Heesun
Published: October 2023

In mathematics education, in order to enhance the teaching expertise of teachers who determine the quality of school instruction, they have been interested in the teacher's ability to design lessons and have conducted various studies related to them. So, this study explored the change of instructional design through the lesson reflection of pre-service mathematics teachers who participated in practicum settings. As a result, in the lesson plan prepared by pre-service mathematics teachers, the motivation to induce learning in the introduction stage, to present the learning contents in the development stage, and to reconstruct the formative evaluation of the closing stage was the highest rate. And the categories of the reconstructed contents appeared intensively in terms of curriculum contents and teaching and learning methods. This result can be attributed to the lack of experience in designing and performing lessons by pre-service mathematics teachers, so it suggests that the opportunity to design and conduct classes that take into account the practical aspects of education should be provided in the preparation process for pre-service mathematics teachers.
A Didactical Analysis on the Degree of Freedom
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Kim Changil , Jeon Youngju
Published: October 2023

This study aims to help statistical education in the statistical curriculum and in school mathematics through the didactical discussion on degree of freedom. To this end, the degree of freedom to academic knowledge, the degree of freedom in the curriculum centered on textbooks, and students' understanding of degree of freedom were analyzed. The results show that (1) discussions on whether to include degree of freedom in the curriculum are required; (2) we need to reconsider the current way textbooks are described; (3) there should be didactical analysis to help understand the concept of degree of freedom; (4) the current textbook learning environment is found to have limitations in learning the concept of degree of freedom; (5) a didactical check of sampling distribution such as sample mean, sample variance, and sample standard deviation is required. And two implications were obtained. First, It is the emphasis on inference statistics education in the curriculum. Second, careful consideration is needed for the introduction of t-distribution curriculum.
A Study on Changes of the Textbooks due to the shift of Pythagorean Theorem
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Ku Nayoung , Song Eunyoung , Choi Eunjeong , Lee Kyeong-Hwa
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to understand how the shift of the Pythagorean theorem influenced the representation of irrational numbers in the 3rd grade textbook of 2015 revised mathematics curriculum by irrational representation analysis. Specifically, the changes in the representation of irrational numbers were examined in two aspects based on the historical context of irrational numbers and the teaching and learning methods of the 2015 revised mathematics curriculum. First, we analyzed the learning opportunities related to the existence of irrational numbers that are potentially provided by treating irrational numbers as geometric representations in textbooks, and confirmed that Pythagorean theorem is used when geometric representations are used. Next, we analyzed opportunities to recognize the necessity of irrational numbers provided by numerical representations of irrational numbers. This study has significance in that it confirmed the possibility and limitation of learning opportunities related to the existence and necessity of irrational numbers that are potentially provided by changes in irrational number representations in the 2015 revised textbooks.
An Analysis on the Statistical Literacy of Secondary Mathematics Teachers and Adults: Focused on the Level of Understanding in a Poll Results
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, So Jaehong , Badamjav Gundegmaa , Jeon Youngju
Published: October 2023

Statistical literacy is a key ability expected of citizens in information-laden societies, and is often revealed as an expected outcome of schooling and as a necessary component of adults’ numeracy and literacy. Knowing how important statistical literacy is, the purpose of this research was to measure statistical literacy of adults and secondary mathematics teachers. This study analyzed the data through semi-structured interviews of 20 secondary mathematics teachers and 20 adults. To find out the level of statistical literacy research was based on the understanding of a poll results. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained: First, there were few secondary mathematics teachers and adults who correctly recognized the meaning of statistical terms and expressions included in the poll results. Second, 70% of research participants did not reach the statistical literacy level of 3 or 4. Third, the statistical literacy level of secondary mathematics teachers was higher than that of adults.
Analysis of  Textbooks on Statistical Problem-Solving Process and Statistical Literacy
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Lee Jiyeon , Rim Haemee
Published: October 2023

This study analyzes how statistical literacy is implemented along with the statistical problem-solving process as described in the Statistical Estimation Unit of the  textbook by the 2015 revised mathematics curriculum. The analytical framework was developed from the literature, and consists of ‘context’, ‘variability’, ‘mathematical and statistical knowledge’, ‘using of technological instruments’, ‘critical attitude’, and ‘communication’. From the perspective of the statistical problem-solving process, the analysis revealed that many tasks equivalent to ‘Analyzing Data’ but lacked tasks related to ‘Interpreting Results’ and ‘Formulating Questions’. As a result of analyzing the reflection of each element of statistical literacy, ‘mathematical and statistical knowledge’ was the most common task, but ‘critical attitude’ and ‘using of technological instruments’ were rarely dealt with. Based on the results of this textbook analysis, it was intended to provide implications for improving the curriculum and the development of textbooks for the growth of statistical literacy.
The Effects of Graphics Representation of Trigonometry Modelling on Question Generating and Idea Sharing
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Yoon Jae yeon , Shin Hyun sung
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to qualitatively examine the effects of graphics representation of trigonometry modelling concerning question generating and idea sharing. The experimental setting(Experiment Group) was one class (N=26) at a public high school. The modelling process was designed as a process-oriented conceptualization divided into three steps i.e., (1) game with idea sharing and question generating, (2) graphic representation, and (3) symbolization in the mathematical applied tasks related to trigonometry function. The result indicates that Graphic Representation with Game Activity increases the opportunity of question generating and idea sharing during experimental work. Also, the results show that the introduction of computer graphics enhances the teaching of mathematical quantity in highschool classrooms.
A Study on the Teaching and Learning Method in General Lecture Class
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Jang Cheong Hee , Seo Jong Jin
Published: October 2023

From the past to the present, general mathematics classes have pursued changes in the educational environment. However, due to the actual college education conditions, general lecture classes are taking place. In this study, we wanted to find teaching and learning methods that would help students in general lecture classes. As a result, one group that took notes about class content and provided feedback on individual tasks was more effective in math achievement than the group that provided feedback on the same task. In addition, one group who took notes on class content and provided feedback on individual assignments was more effective in math achievement than the group who took notes on class content and provided feedback on the same task.
A Content Analysis of Storytelling in High School Mathematics Textbooks According to Changes in the Curriculum
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Go Jung Lang , Son Hong Chan
Published: October 2023

This study explored the changes in storytelling styles in high school first-year textbooks between the 2007 Revised National Curriculum of Mathematics and the 2015 Revised National Curriculum of Mathematics. The results are indicated as follows. First, the quantitative aspect of storytelling gradually increased in the textbook aligned with the 2015 Revised National Curriculum of Mathematics. Second, as for types of storytelling, the real-life connection and academic convergence types appeared most frequently, followed by mathematical history inquiry types, decision-making types, and tool utilization types. Third, storytelling appeared most frequently in 'main-body' of a lesson in terms of textbook content composition, followed by 'introduction', 'lesson materials', and 'evaluation'. This study implies that more diverse stories need to be developed; including the mathematical history inquiry types, the decision-making types and the tool use types. Textbooks should be organized not that the piecemeal storytelling presented in ‘introduction’ of a lesson but that a coherent story penetrates the entire unit to be utilized until the end of the lesson.
An Analysis of the Statistics Curricula for the High School in Korea and New Zealand
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Shin Woo Jin , Ko Ho Kyoung , Noh Jihwa
Published: October 2023

This study aims to find ways to improve the statistics education policy in Korea for the future based on the results from examining the high school statistics curricula in Korea and New Zealand. The statistics curriculum in New Zealand was analyzed comparatively with the corresponding contents of the probability and statistics domain in the Korea 2015 revised national mathematics curriculum. The analysis centered around achievement goals and key ideas of each of the two curricula. This comparative analysis provides implications on finding a direction in line with the global trend in the curriculum for statistics education and ultimately for Korea’s statistics education for the future.