bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients
Authors: Yarek-Martynova I. Y , Shestakova M. V
Published: February 2021

The review pays attention to a considerable rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to its association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and events. It is noted that these events may be present much earlier than DM is diagnosed. The paper also discusses in detail a role of hyperglycemia, postprandial one in particular, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, impaired blood rheological properties, lipid metabolic disturbances, and genetic and traditional risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, cerebrovascular diseases, and lower extremity ischemia in DM.
Correction of cardiovascular disorders in diabetic patients with depressive simptoms
Authors: Kolyadich M. I , Shaposhnik I. I
Published: February 2021

We studied the influence of mexidol and a-lipoic acid on cardiovascular and affective disorders' severity in patients with diabetes. 14-day administration of mexidol (300 mg/day) and a-lipoic acid (600 mg/day) had a positive impact on depressive guilt dinamics in association with a decrease in QTn-interval duration. Moreover, mexidol decreased patients' propencity to postural hypotension, and alfa-lipoic acid corrected myocardial diastolic function, pulmonary blood flow and circadian glycemia.
Clinical efficacy of various forms of continuing education of patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Arutyunov G. P , Evzerikhina A. V , Rylova A. K , Lobzeva V. I
Published: February 2021

Data from numerous epidemiological studies indicate that in many developed countries, heart failure is one of the most common, progressive and predictive of adverse complications of diseases of the cardiovascular system. At the moment, that is a rather acute problem of cardiac rehabilitation of such patients. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of various forms of structured learning in special schools for CHF patients on the clinical course and prognosis. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of two phases, including 158 patients with chronic heart failure II–III FC. Evaluated the survival of the knowledge, clinical status, distance of a 6-minute walk, Minnesota QoL questionnaire, adherence to therapy, the frequency of hospital admissions for heart failure decompensation, referral to the clinic, the frequency of deaths, the level of CRP, LV function the results of echocardiography. The results: the use of interactive learning will significantly improve patient compliance to treatment (D=5%), which in turn significantly improved the clinical condition of patients, quality of life, performance test, 6-minute walk, and left ventricular function, as well as reduced the number of hospitalizations with circulatory decompensation (1,6-times), and uptake to the clinic (up to 0,5 times a month). Thus, the use of interactive patient education is an integral part of the cardiorehabilitation events in patients with CHF.
Clinical haracteristik and psychological profile of patients with arterial hypertension with high cardiovascular risk against the background of antihypertensive therapy with inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
Authors: Kaskayeva D. S , Petrova M. M , Kostina V. V , Evsyukov A. A , Tepper E. A
Published: February 2021

The article in comparative aspect presents results of rating of psychological profile of 142 patients (all are men, average age 46,5±0,35 years) with arterial hypertension of stage I–III with high risk of cardiovascular complications having been studied after 6 months of dynamic observation against the background of conducted antihypertensive therapy with inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).
Comprehensive medical rehabilitation program after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction in patients with coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension: efficacy, safety, and the results of remote monitoring
Authors: Bubnova M. G , Aronov D. M , Krasnitskiy V. B , Novikova N. K , Matveeva I. F , Ioseliani D. G
Published: February 2021

Objective. To evaluate the clinical effects and safety of an integrated rehabilitation program, appointed in the early stages of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), the analysis of the results at 1 year and 5 years.Material and methods. The study included men (n=62), acute myocardial infarction and undergone PCI in the period from 1 to 8 weeks after surgery. After initial clinical and instrumental examination, patients were randomized in 2 groups:basic “O” group (n=31), where patients were engaged in the educational program “School for patients after acute myocardial infarction” (hereinafter - School) with the involvement of controlled physical training (PT) and uncontrolled (at home) FT (FTdom);control “K” group (n=31), where patients were only trained in the School of Education with a recommendation to participate inuncontrolled FTdom. The patients were examined at the time of inclusion, 1.5, 4, 6 and 12 months. After 5 years, a telephone survey of patients in order to assess their clinical status.The Results. According to the results of exercise test (FN) at 6 and 12 months in the “O” significantly increased physical performance indicators: the duration of FN, its threshold power and total work performed. In the group of “K” after PCI, these figures also significantly increased, but to a lesser extent than in trained patients. By the 12th month in the “About” FN duration greater than that seen in the group “K” by 1.7 times (p
Patient after myocardial infarction: how to reduce the risk of recurrent ischemic events?
Authors: Barbarash O. L , Karetnikova V. N , Kashtalap V. V
Published: February 2021

The review article highlights concerns related to a low survival rate in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) and factors affecting it. The pivotal role is given to the issue of patient adherence to therapy after acute coronary events. The options to improve it as well as mechanisms to optimize medical therapy for patients after myocardial infarction, particularly the need for prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), have been identified. The rationale for changing the current guidelines for the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is based on the findings of the recently completed international clinical trial PE- GASUS-TIMI 54 with ticagrelor (Brilinta®), utilized as part of a DAPT regimen, that have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of DAPT prolongation after 12-month period in post-MI patients.
Phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at women with arterial hypertension: features of the functional condition of kidneys
Authors: Padyganova A. V
Published: February 2021

The prevalence of concomitant cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases is high. In this article features of a current of an arterial hypertension with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease taking into account a gender factor are surveyed. Results of own analysis of these case histories of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the arterial hypertension (n=133), the level which has taped reliable rising of a cholesterin at patients at association of pathology of respiratory system and circulation organs are presented. Also in article the questions concerning features of a functional condition of kidneys at women with a joint current of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and arterial hypertension are discussed.
Lipotoxicity damage of myocardium in obesity
Authors: Gritsenko O. V , Chumakova G. A , Elchaninova S. A , Veselovskaya N. G , Shevlyakov I. V , Kalugina O. A
Published: February 2021

In this article discusses the main mechanisms of development lipolitic damage of myocardial and morphological and structural changes of the heart in obesity.
Risk factors and psychoemotional features, influencing the development of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk of fatal events among workers of railway transport with arterial hypertension
Authors: Marsalskaya O. A , Nikiforov V. S
Published: February 2021

Purpose - to analyze the risk factors and psychoemotional features influencing the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), to assess the cardiovascular risk of fatal events among workers of railway transport with arterial hypertension (AH). Materials and methods. The study includes the railway workers: 50 patients with AH, 45 with cardiovascular risk factors but without AH and 20 healthy volunteers. We evaluate the level of blood pressure (BP) at home and in the office, anthropometrical indicators, levels of total cholesterol and glucose in blood plasma with an empty stomach, the patient's anamnesis: family history, smoking status, were studied. Estimate of 10-year risk of death from CVD in individuals without clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis 40 years and older is carried out according to the SCORE scale. Assessment of anxiety and depressive disorders is conducted using the scale of personal and situational anxiety Spielberg-Hanina and the scale of depression of Beck. Results. The basic clinical and laboratory data from patients shows a significant (p
Modern advances in endovascular and surgical interventions for patients with carotid artery disease
Authors: Shukurov F. B , Bulgakova E. S , Rudenko B. A , Tvorogova T. V , Shanoyan A. S , Vlasov V. Yu , Feschenko D. A
Published: February 2021

The article provides an overview of the latest achievements in the treatment of carotid artery disease. For a long time, carotid endarterectomy (CEA) was considered the best option in the treatment of patients with this pathology. However, with the advancement of technology and widespread use of endovascular therapies carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS) comes to replace the CEA. The largest study comparing the results of CAS with the CEA, was the CREST trial (Carotid Revascularisation Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial), which did not show any significant differences in the primary composite endpoint (death, myocardial infarction and stroke in a period of 30 days after procedure) during 10 years of follow up (n=2502) between the stenting group (11.8%; 95% confidence interval - CI 9.1 to 14.8) and carotid endarterectomy group (9.9%; 95% CI, 7.9 to 12.2), (hazard ratio 1.10; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.44). However, there are still many unresolved issues. One of the most important is a high frequency of "small" strokes due to intraprocedural cerebral microembolization. It is hoped by solving these issues CAS will be considered the best option in the treatment of patients with carotid artery disease.
Evaluation of the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of moxonidine in the treatment of uncomplicated hypertensive crisis
Authors: Tereshchenko S N , Gaponova N I , Abdrakhmanov V R
Published: February 2021

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the selective imidazoline I1-receptor agonist moxonidine versus the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril in patients with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis (UHC). Subjects and methods. Two hundred and twenty-five patients (125 women, 100 men) aged 56,2±14,4 years with UHC were examined. The patients were randomized to a group of once-daily 0.4 mg moxonidine orally (n=113) and a group of once-daily 25 mg captopril (n=112). Dynamic measurements of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate, electrocardiogram recording, and determinations of blood creatinine, potassium, and glucose levels were made along with general clinical examination. The efficacy indices in patients were time to the onset of antihypertensive action, degree of BP lowering, and duration of antihypertensive effect. duration. 24-hour BP monitoring was used to evaluate the efficacy of the drugs compared. The time course of changes in the parameters was analyzed for 12 hours. Results. Both groups achieved an antihypertensive effect as a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic BP 30 and 60 min after therapy initiation, respectively; at the same time BP decreases did not exceed 25% of the baseline levels. Moxonidine was found to be more effective mainly in the duration of its antihypertensive effect with a steady BP decline throughout the follow-up. There was evidence that moxonidine exerted a positive metabolic effect, particularly in significantly reducing blood creatinine levels. In the moxonidine group, the patients with above satisfactory efficacy were 26,9% significantly more and those with above satisfactory tolerance were 18,8% more. Conclusion. The findings suggest that moxonidine versus captopril is highly effective and well tolerated in patients with UHC. The drug may be successfully used to treat UHC, starting in the prehospital period, especially in patients with concomitant diseases (diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, chronic renal failure).
Iloprost for acute tests in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Belyatko E A , Danilov N M , Matchin Y G , Martynyuk T V , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Objective: in our study, iloprost was used as a drug for acute tests in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Design and Method. We included 7 pts with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): 5 females and 2 males, average age 32,0±12,0 years. All patients underwent right heart catheterization including acute tests with both nitric oxide and Iloprost. In addition to hemodynamic changes the intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) parameters were analyzed. We used parameters such as: intima-media thickness, the pulsatility index (PI), the outer and inner diameter of the vessel, the area of the vascular wall. Results. Compared with the action of nitric oxide, the degree of reduction of medium pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) after Iloprost was 17,2±5 and 25,37±9 mm Hg respectively, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) 251,4±120 and 276±129 dynes×c×cm-5 respectively (p
Antihypertensive efficacy of a fixed full-dose perindopril A-indapamide combination in patients with grades 2–3 arterial hypertension
Authors: Glukhova T V , Solgalova S A , Alferov V V
Published: February 2021

Aim: to study the antihypertensive efficacy of a fixed full-dose perindopril arginine-indapamide combination in patients with grades 2–3 arterial hypertension (AH) who do not receive antihypertensive therapy or those who do not achieve blood pressure (BP) control with other antihypertensive drugs. Subjects and methods. The trial enrolled 30 patients: 20 (66,6%) males and 10 (33,3%) females aged 30 to 60 years (mean age 50,5±7,1 years). Grades 2 and 3 AH was recorded in 28 (93,3%) and 2 (6,6%) patients, respectively. According to office measurements, the baseline BP (systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP) averaged 169±13,3/100,3±6,9 mm Hg in the group. Before included into the trial, 25 (83,4%) patients had taken antihypertensive agents, of them 10 (40%) and 2 (5%) examinees had combination therapy and fixed-dose combinations, respectively. Results. During therapy with a fixed-dosed combination of perindopril arginine 10 mg and indapamide 2,5 mg, there was generally a trend for SBP and DPB to lower at week 2 of therapy and there was a significant reduction in SBP by 42,4±11,2 mm Hg and in DBP by 20,1±9,3 mm Hg by the end of month 3. The goal BP (lower than 140/90 mm Hg) was achieved in 96,6% of the patients. Conclusion. The fixed full-dose perindopril arginine-indapamide combination allows therapeutic efficiency to be enhanced in grades 2–3 AH patients having no target BP values.
Left ventricular hypertrophy and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: AT1-receptor blockers are in the focus
Authors: Barsukov A V , Glukhovskoy D V , Talantseva M S , Bagaeva Z V , Pronina E V , Zobnina M P , Sveklina T S , Korovin A E
Published: February 2021

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the cardio-vascular continuum components, determining the prognosis of patient with essential hypertension (EH). Pathogenesis of LVH has a multifactor character. Important role in development of cardiomyocites hypertrophy, Intracardiac fibrosis, left ventricle cavity dilation belongs to renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system (RAAS). Pharmacologic blockade of RAAS composes the basis of therapy, directed to LVH regress. Application of Telmisartan is considered high-reasonable approach to treatment of EH-patient with LVH.
Modern possibilities of hypertension drug therapy. Candesartan and its place in the therapy
Authors: Barbarash O L , Kashtalap V V
Published: February 2021

Arterial hypertension (AH) remains the one of the major cardiovascular diseases in the adult population and a major factor in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Drug therapy of hypertension leads to a reduction of cardiovascular risk by affecting blood pressure. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a key role in the formation of hypertension, as the drug blockade of its components can significantly improve the prognosis of patients. The principal means of blocking the RAAS are angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists II (ARA II, sartans). Both classes of drugs have shown their high antihypertensive efficacy, with the ARA II having almost perfect portability. Recently, however, sartans’independent rolein the treatment of hypertension has been questioned. Date overview of the evidence base of sartans with a focus on modern antihypertensive drug called candesartan cilexetil was the following work’s objective.
Lercanidipine as a calcium antagonist of the third generation: a review of effectiveness in the hypertension treatment
Authors: Zadionchenko V S , Shekhyan G G , Yalymov A A , Varentsov S I
Published: February 2021

The data from clinical trials that have examined the efficacy and safety of modern third generation calcium antagonist-lercanidipine is presented herein. Results of the following studies demonstrate that treatment with lercanidipine leads to a marked reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure without a significant impact on heart rate. Unique pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug provide its high efficacy and safety, tolerability, convenience, acceptance and high adherence of the said CA in AH patients. Additional lercanidipine properties allow us to recommend the use of this CA in associated pathology cases.
The value of blood pressure variability in clinical practice. Opportunities of amlodipine in reducing blood pressure variability (based on the Russian program «VARIATIONS»)
Authors: Ostroumova O D , Bondarets O V , Guseva T F
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the importance of different types of variability in blood pressure (BP) as an independent risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction in patients with arterial hypertension. The results of the Russian observation program (1500 patients) on the impact of amlodipine show BP variability in real clinical practice. According to the results, amlodipine 5-10 mg after 2 weeks of treatment significantly reduces the variability of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both sexes. His influence on the short-term variability in diastolic blood pressure is dose-dependent.
Aldosterone synthase gene polymorphism in patients with hypertension combined ischemic heart disease with in various left ventricular mass
Authors: Yahontov D A , Derisheva D A , Gulyaeva L F
Published: February 2021

Study purpose - assessment of the relationship of levels of aldosterone and natriuretic peptide plasma aldosterone synthase gene polymorphism variants in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in combination with arterial hypertension (AH) at different left ventricular mass.Materials and methods. The study involved 63 male with hypertension and CHD; there were 32 men with signs of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and 31 men with coronary artery disease with hypertension with a normal index of left ventricular mass. Evaluated the concentrations of aldosterone and plasma natriuretic peptide (NUP) in the relationship with characteristic of aldosterone synthase gene polymorphism.Results. It is established that the genotype CYP11В2 T/С of is associated with increased levels of aldosterone and signs of left ventricular hypertrophy. The level of LVC in the signs of LVH group was 2,1 fold higher than in patients without LVH. For patients with evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by: the genotype of CYP11В2 T/C (62,5% of cases), the identification of the T allele (1,3 times more likely than patients without evidence of LVH) and more rarely than with normal index of left ventricular mass occurs variant CYP11В2 T/Т and more rarely prevalent allele C. Conclusion. In patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension, it is reasonable to implement in practice population genetic analysis to assess the probability the formation of left ventricular hypertrophy in the early stages of the disease.
Place of angiotensin receptor blockers in antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Martynov A I , Urlaeva I V , Akatova E V , Nikolin O P
Published: February 2021

The arterial hypertension takes the basic place among the cardiovascular diseases which are a principal cause of death and invalidity. For today the basic group for treatment of an arterial hypertensia remain angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). However, according to numerous researches, angiotensin II receptor inhibitors by the efficiency are equal with ACEi, but have the best profile of shipping and provide higher adherence to therapy. One of highly effective, well studied, with considerable demonstrative base of preparations irbesartan.
Study of the relationship social and psychological characteristics of hypertensive patients, the frequency of medical emergencies and adherence of patients to treatment
Authors: Chumakova E A , Gaponova N I
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship of psychological and social characteristics of patients with hypertension often seek emergency medical help with their adherence to treatment.Material and methods. Outpatient were examined 300 patients with hypertension (100 men and 200 women) from 35 years and older (mean age 72,1±12,8 years). Duration of hypertension ranged from 4 to 36 years old. We excluded patients with symptomatic arterial hypertension. Using questionnaires, revealed frequency of calls ambulance, the extent to which medical recommendations and regularity of antihypertensive drugs by patients. Also completed questionnaires Spielberg- Hanin for the assessment of emotional status.Results. The study showed that more frequent calls in general are more common in women than men, single patients, compared to unmarried as well as retirees compared to active patients. The proportion of women callers ambulance at least 1 time per year was 29% and was significantly (p
Comparison of the effectiveness of preparations containing moxonidine during emergency antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Ruksin V V , Grishin O V , Onuchin M V
Published: February 2021

In 163 patients we compared the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a single sublingual original moxonidine (Fiziotenz, Abbott) and generic moxonidine (Tenzotran, Actavis Group) in the provision of emergency medical services in the case of high blood pressure. It was found that the original moxonidine (Fiziotenz) and generic moxonidine (Tenzotran) are effective to provide emergency medical services with an increase in blood pressure, especially in patients with hypersympathicotonia. At the same time, generic Tenzotran lowers blood pressure less and later than Fiziotenz, the original drug. Adverse effects after using both drugs were not expressed and rare.
The role of the vegetative part of sympathetic nervous system in development of cardiovascular complications in patients with arterial hypertension: pharmacological aspects
Authors: Gilyarevsky S R
Published: February 2021

Recently, we have determined new interest in studying the role of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system (SANS) in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension (AH), as well as in studying the role of agents, suppressing the activity of SANS, using for AH treatment, including the usage of antihypertensive agents and non-pharmacological methods. This article discusses the changes of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system in patients with AH. The role of these changes in the development of the functional and structured changes of the heart and systemic vessels can be observing during long-standing AH and will lead to the development of adverse clinical outcomes. We have been showing received data, associated with the impact of non-medicated and pharmacological approaches to the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system.
Heart rate in patients with arterial hypertension:a possible marker of high risk or independent therapeutic target?
Authors: Kobalava Zh D , Shavarova E K
Published: February 2021

The article shows the data concerning the effect of lowering the heart rate (HR) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), in case of cardiovascular risk reduction in this category of patients. In the routine practice, the high HR can be considered as a possible cardiovascular risk factor, but HR is not included in the basic risk calculators as part of primary prevention. The European AH experts advise to prescribe the drugs with the effect of lowering the heart rate in people with subjective poor tolerance to the tachycardia. The patients should be informed about the beneficial effects of the regular aerobic physical activity concerning the management of HR and BP. The Achieving target BP levels is remained the main priority in the management of patient with hypertensive disease.
The development of a screening questionnaire to improve the early detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Valieva Z S , Valeeva E G , Glukhova S I , Martynyuk T V , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Objective: development of a questionnaire for the early detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and its further introduction for a broad routine medical practice.Were identified clinical symptoms, allowing differentiate various forms of the disease (IPAH and PAH-CHD), because these forms of PAH most frequent in cardiology practice.Material and methods. The questionnaire includes 6 sections: clinical symptoms, physical examination, anamnestic information, diseases associated with pulmonary hypertension; signs of PAH according to electrocardiography, chest radiography, echocardiography. All sections of the questionnaire filled by physician. Was held a retrospective analysis of the clinical symptoms, physical examination, anamnestic information, methods of instrumental examination of 70 patients with IPAH in comparison with 29 patients with PAH-CHD and the control group - 48 patients with arterial hypertension (AH).Results. The leading complaints in patients with PAH are dyspnea (99%), palpitations (58%), fatigue (59%), syncope (21%), dry cough (28%), peripheral edema (38%). The physical signs of PAH include an accentuated pulmonary component of second heart sound (93%), cyanosis (40%). Most often, the development of pulmonary hypertension precipitated by stress, pregnancy, acute respiratory infections.Conclusion. According to the results we concluded that the developed questionnaire may be offered for wide use in routine clinical practice and recommended not only for screening patients with IPAH, but also with PAH-CHD.
The application of torasemide in patients with arterial hypertension: evidence-based and practical approaches
Authors: Gilyarevsky S R , Kuzmina I M , Golshmid M V
Published: February 2021

The article deals with therole of diuretics in treatment of patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH). We showed evidence-based results of diuretic therapy. We discussed the loop diuretic indications in treatment patients with AH, as well as the possible role of torasemide application in AH patients in certain clinical cases.
Calcium channel blockers: more than 50 years on guard of health
Authors: Chazova I E , Zhernakova Yu V
Published: February 2021

The class of drugs - calcium antagonists (CA), or calcium channel blockers (CCBs) is combined a quite heterogeneous drugs group possessing common vasodilatatory characteristics by disruption of the movement of calcium through the vascular smooth muscle cells and with different degree of impact on myocardium, the sinus node function, atrioventricular conduction, tonus of peripheral vessels and coronary blood flow. The existence of this class of drugs has become one of the great achievements in the field of pharmacology, at the end of the 20th century. Third Generation CCBs takes the special place in hypertensiology because of high bioavailability and tissue selectivity. Modern long-acting CA are widely used in case of arterial hypertension (AH), they can be used especially in patients with diabetes mellitus, peripheral artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma, ischemic heart disease and in elderly patients with systolic AH. These drugs show not only antihypertensive effect and organoprotective characteristics, but also can improve the prognosis in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk.
Restriction of caloric intake is a key to prevention of vascular ageing
Authors: Orlova Ya A
Published: February 2021

Studies in recent decades suggest that slowing down the aging process is now real. We describe a number of physiological processes, which may affect the mortality and age-related deterioration of the functional state. One of the most studied impact is to limit caloric intake, which implies a decrease in daily caloric intake by 30-50% compared with an unlimited meal.Showing the effects of GST on the total risk of developing cardiovascular disease, different biomarkers of aging in people without obesity, blood pressure, and others.
The meaning of hypertensive therapy choice in the correction of cerebral affection: from mild cognitive impairment to dementia
Authors: Shishkova V N
Published: February 2021

Disorders and neuropathy are the leading cause of disability. Their partof total morbidity and disability is increasing due to the global growth of vascular diseases of the brain: the acute and the chronic disorders of cerebral circulation. The clinical characteristics of chronic disorders of cerebral circulation have been forming gradually, and include the development of cognitive impairments, up to dementia. The base for their development can serve thelong-term cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The problem of cognitive impairments in patients with CVD, particularly with arterial hypertension (AH), is a leading one, taking into consideration the fact that these disorders are continuing to grow in the population. There is a real possibility to impact on the cognitive functions condition in patients with AH, using traditional antihypertensive drugs such assartans to achieve the target blood pressure levels. However, there is the additional benefit of special drugs in this group, such as Micardis and Twynsta, in the correction of cognitive function disorders.
Dependence of the efficiency of the initial state of fosinopril structure common carotid arteries, intravascular blood flow and central hemodynamics at patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Melnikova L V , Bartosh L F , Grechishkina O A
Published: February 2021

Aim. To study changes in structural and functional features of the common carotid arteries and central hemodynamic parameters under the influence of fosinopril at hypertensive patients depending on achieving target blood pressure.Material and methods. The study included 116 patients with essential hypertension. All patients underwent a general clinical study, an ultrasound scan of the common carotid arteries (CCA ) with the assessment of the structure and intravascular blood flow, and echocardiography with the definition of the parameters of central hemodynamic and intravascular, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) before the study and after 24 weeks of antihypertensive therapy angiotensin - converting enzyme fosinopril. Two groups of patients: the first group consisted of 74 people with the achievement of the targets of blood pressure (BP), the second 42 people who have not been achieved target BP levels.Results. In the first group there was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of peripheral resistance, increased systolic index, distensibility coefficient of the common carotid arteries peak flow velocity. In the second group specific peripheral resistance was significantly increased, the thickness of the intima-media increased, decreased peak flow velocity.Conclusion. Effectiveness depends on fosinopril initial state total peripheral resistance, cardiac output, structural and functional features elastic arteries.
The role of risk factors and endothelium dysfunction in the pathogenesis of the high normal arterial preassure and clinical signs of the vegetative disturbances in children
Authors: Maksimovich N A
Published: February 2021

As a result of investigation of the children the dysfunction of endothelium at high normal arterial pressure is the cause of the hemodynamic disturbances of children, equal of the arterial hypertension. As a result the children with high normal arterial pressure are the groups of the risk for arterial hypertension wich need the complex of correction of theses disturbances, early diagnostics of the arterial hypertension and its profylaxis. AT high level risk factors and vasoconstrictive properties at children with high normal arterial pressure the more high frequency of headache, the heart pain, both pains and the episodes of high normal pressure.
Association of clinical and genetic factors with left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension among the indigenous population Mountain Shoria
Authors: Mulerova T A , Kuzmina A A , Chigisova A N , Voropaeva E N , Maksimov V N , Voevoda M I , Ogarkov M Yu
Published: February 2021

Objective. To determine the association of clinical and genetic factors with the left ventricular hypertrophy among indigenous patients with hypertension living in Mountain Shoria.Design and methods. A clinical-epidemiological study of Mountain Shoria indigenous populations at isolated regions was undertaken. Continuous method surveyed 547 people, consisted of a sample of the adult population (18 years and older). Studied anthropometric data, lipid spectrum of the blood polymorphisms of genes ADRB1 (Ser49Gly, A/G, rs1801252) ADRA2B (I/D), ACE (I/D), eNOS (4a/4b) and MTHFR (C677T, Ala222Val, rs1801133) and their association with left ventricular hypertrophy.Results. The left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension was detected in 47.3% of the respondents. The odds ratio found among patients with hypertension duration of 5 years with the respondents hypertrophied myocardium 0.5 times lower (38.2%) than people without this disease of the heart - 61.8%, while among those with hypertension long history of more than 10 years, 4.1 times higher: 73.3% vs 26.7%. In a population of Shor hypercholesterolemia and giperbetaholesterinemiya associated with exaggerated myocardial damage. The percentage of smokers in a cohort of patients with hypertensive cardiac disease was (37.8%) and was higher by 2.0 times than in hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (22.0%). With the relative risk of hypertension with myocardial damage in a population Shor associated gene ACE I allele. The odds ratio of hypertension to identify patients with cardiac respondents with heterozygous genotype AG ADRB1 gene was 3.0 times higher compared to the surveyed individuals with homozygous genotypes AA and GG.Conclusion. Among Shor risk of hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy was influenced by factors: prolonged duration of the disease more than 10 years, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, giperbetaholesterinemiya. Installed Association II genotype of ACE gene and gene genotype AG ADRB1s development of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with arterial hypertension in the population of Shor.
Regulatory adaptive status in determining the effectivenessof bisoprololum and sotalolum in patients with hypertensive disease and ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Shubitidze I Z , Tregubov V G , Pokrovsky V M
Published: February 2021

Aim. Compare the effectiveness of treatment with bisoprololum or sotalolum in patients with hypertensive disease (HD) and ventricular arrhythmias (VA) taking into account quantitative evaluation of the regulatory adaptive status (RAS).Materials and methods. 48 patients with HD of stages II-III and VA of grade I-IV based on the В.Lown grading system, II-III groups based on J.Bigger grading system took part in the research, they were randomized into two groups for treatment with bisoprololum (6.2±1.7 mg/day) or sotalolum (159.1±47.4 mg/day). As part of combination therapy, patients were administered lisinoprilum (12.8±4.2 mg/day and 13.7±4.5 mg/day), acetylsalicylic acid when required (93.1±19.0 and 95.0±16.2 mg/day), atorvastatinum (15.9±4.6 mg/day and 15.6±4.9 mg/day), respectively. Initially and 6 months after therapy, the following was done: quantitative assessment of RAS (by cardio-respiratory synchronism test), echocardiography, triplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries, treadmill test, six-minute walk test, all-day monitoring of blood pressure and electrocardiogram, subjective assessment of quality of life.Results. Both drug regimens comparably improved structural and functional condition of the heart, increased exercise tolerance, controlled arterial hypertension, effectively suppressed ventricular arrhythmia, improved the quality of life. At the same time, the use of sotalolum decreased the RAS to a lesser degree than the use of bisoprololum.Conclusion. In patients with HD of stages II-III and VA the use of sotalolum as part of combination therapy may be preferable to bisoprololum due to its less negative impact on the RAS.
Using meldonium to improve adaptation of patients with hypertension and pre-diabetes to influence of heat
Authors: Smirnova M D , Svirida O N , Ageev F T , Fofanova T V , Vitsenya M V , Mikhaylov G V
Published: February 2021

Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of meldonium the state of cardiovascular system and the quality of life of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) combined with pre-diabetes under the summer heat.Materials and methods. 45 hypertensive patients 51-76 years old with pre-diabetes. randomized to active management (M), which in addition to basic therapy received during the 3 summer months meldonium 1000 mg/day, and a control (C). Body mass index, office blood pressure, blood chemistry, HbA1c, pulse wave velocity (PWV), tissue glycation, visual analogue scale (VAS) were performed.Results. The trend to lower heart rate during the heat of the group M. In September, a trend increase in PWV (ΔPWV=1.7 m/s; p =0.056) in group C. Lipid and carbohydrate metabolism do not change. In both groups the trend to an increase in the level of sodium in the heat, in group M it remained until September. Increase sodium during heat greater in group M (Δ2.0 mmol/l vs 1,0 mmol/1); p =0.05. In group C, tendency to decrease VAS scores from 70 to 55 ( p =0.07) in group M trend to increase from 60 to 70 ( p =0.07), the differences between the groups were significant ( p =0.01). In group M trend continued in September.Conclusion. Meldonium can be used as an adaptogen in the period of summer heat in patients with hypertension in combination with pre-diabetes.
Clinical effects of one-year physical training program in arterial hypertension patients of working age who have suffered acute myocardial infarction (Russian randomized controlled trial)
Authors: Aronov D M , Bubnova M G , Krasnitskiy V B , Ioseliani D G , Grinshteyn Yu I , Gulyaeva S F , Efremushkin G G , Lyamina N P
Published: February 2021

Aim. To study the effectiveness of long-term physical training of moderate intensity in patients with arterial hypertension working age who have suffered acute myocardial infarction in the framework of the Russian randomized trial.Materials and methods. The study included 206 patients with arterial hypertension after acute myocardial infarction (not earlier than 3 weeks from the event). Patients were randomized into 2 groups: basic group 102 and control 104. All patients received standard medical therapy. In the main group used physical training in a mode of medium intensity (50-60% power during a load test) 3 times a week for 1 year. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed by clinical data and results of instrumental and laboratory analysis.Results. After a year of physical training in patients with arterial hypertension after acute myocardial infarction, there was a significant increase in physical performance by increasing the load duration (38%; p
MicroRNA in the diagnosis of chronic heart failure: state of the problem and the results of a pilot study
Authors: Zhirov I V , Kochetov A G , Zaseeva A V , Liang O V , Skvortsov A A , Abramov A A , Gimadiev R R , Masenko V P , Tereshchenko S N
Published: February 2021

The article provides information about the class of non-coding RNA (microRNA), their role in the diagnosis of chronic heart failure and the results of a pilot study.
Application of advanced electrovectorcardiographic methods in the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy on the basis of Uryupinsk central district hospital
Authors: Vishnyakova N A , Ryabykina G V , Sakhnova T A , Blinova E V , Kozhemiakina E Sh , Volkov V E
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibilities of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) detection with the use of a complex including a system of remote 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) analysis, orthogonal lead ECG and vectorcardiography (VCG), during the medical examination of the population of Uryupinsk district of the Volgograd region. The work was organized in two rural district hospitals of Uryupinsk district. 180 persons were randomly selected out of the total data bank. Of these, according to ECG and VCG, 54 persons (30%) were considered to be practically healthy, and in 63 cases (35%) automatical analisys of ECG or VCG revealed signs of LVH. In 32 cases (50.7%) left ventricular hypertrophy was revealed for the first time. The most often finding was the increase of the parameters of synthesized orthogonal ECG and VCG: the sum of Rx+Sz and maximal QRS vector (89%, 95%). About 10% of the patients had high blood pressure without electrocardiographic signs of LVH. Introduction of the remote ECG analisys to the work of medical institutions of Uryupinsk district allowed to increase LVH detection.
Effect of renal denervation on the arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Shchelkova G V , Zairova A R , Danilov N M , Rogoza A N , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Aim: to evaluate the effect of renal denervation (RDN) on the stiffness of the aorta and major arteries, central blood pressure and index augmentation in patients with resistant hypertension. Material and methods. We included 20 patients with systolic blood pressure 178 [170; 180] mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure 100 [94; 100] mm Hg on 5.1±0.7 antihypertensive drugs with diuretic, who underwent bilateral RDN. Blood pressure (BP) was studied before intervention, at 7 days and 6 months after RDN by tree methods: office BP, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and aortic BP with applanation tonometry a. radialis (SphygmoCor). All patients were divided into two groups by ABPM in 6 months after RDN: responders (decrease of mean ABPM≥5 mm Hg) and non-responders (decrease of mean ABPM
Control of cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes
Authors: Zhernakova Yu V , Chazova I E
Published: February 2021

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a version of pandemic, in Russia as well, nowadays. Mortality of patients suffering from DM is associated with the development of macrovascular complications and successful prevention of these complications depends on the complex approach to identify and to correct all modifiable risk factors, included in risk indexes. According to many experts’ point of view, key moments in reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with DM are to achieve target blood pressure and target levels of lipid metabolism, including the application of non-drug therapies. However, the appearance of new data concerning the possibility of antihyperglycemic therapy, no doubt, will change our point of view on managing cardiovascular risk in patients with DM, in particular empagliflozin, which can influence on cardiovascular outcomes.
Nephroprotective in patients with metabolic syndrome: approaches to the appointment of antihypertensive drugs
Authors: Ostroumova O D , Zykova A A , Maksimov M L
Published: February 2021

In the article shows the questions of prevalence, diagnosis and prognostic significance of renal damage in metabolic syndrome. Discusses the pathogenetic mechanisms of development and progression of chronic kidney disease in individuals with obesity. Approaches to selection of antihypertensive drugs, advantages and limitations of the major classes of antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension combined with renal disease.
Ethnogenetic aspects of obesity and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism as a risk factor of arterial hypertension
Authors: Mulerova T A , Tsygankova D P , Voropaeva E N , Maksimov V N , Ogarkov M Yu
Published: February 2021

Objective - to explore the association of candidate genes of arterial hypertension ACE, ADRA2B, ADRB1, MTHFR and eNOS with obesity and impaired glucose metabolism based on ethnicity. Materials and methods. Clinical and epidemiological study of compactly living population in the remote areas of the Mountain Shoria (Orton, Ust-Kabyrza, Sheregesh settlements, Kemerovo region). 1178 residents of these settlements were surveyed with the help of continuous sampling method; the sample consisted of adults (18 years and older). Results. In the group of respondents of the indigenous nationality averages Quetelet index, waist circumference and fasting blood glucose, depending on the polymorphism of candidate genes of arterial hypertension ACE, ADRA2B, ADRB1, MTHFR and eNOS were lower than in non-indigenous ethnic group surveyed. In a population of Shor was found a statistically significant relationship with the body mass index of ACE gene genotypes in a population of non-indigenous representatives - with genotypes of ADRA2B gene. In the group of indigenous ethnic group revealed the relationship from ACE gene polymorphism. Regardless of nationality, found associative connection of the indicator polymorphism of ADRA2B gene. The level of plasma glucose levels in a population of non-indigenous ethnic group was correlated with genotypes of ADRA2B gene. Conclusion. Metabolic abnormalities were detected less frequently in indigenous ethnic group compared with the non-indigenous. In Shor group ACE DD genotype and ADRA2B genes associated with obesity, the genotype 4a/4a eNOS gene - with abdominal obesity. In the group of non-indigenous ethnic group CC genotype of the MTHFR gene was associated with abdominal obesity, II genotype of ACE gene and DD ADRA2B gene - with impaired carbohydrate metabolism.