bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of pressure derivatives of bulk modulus for materials at high compressions
Authors: Anand K.
Published: November 2024

Pressure derivatives of bulk modulus play a central role in describing thermoelastic behaviour and equation of state for materials at high pressures. It is demonstrated here that the relationships between pressure derivative of bulk modulus and volume compression used by earlier workers are not consistent with the thermodynamic constraints based on the second-, and third order pressure derivatives of bulk modulus, and third order Grüneisen parameter in the limit of infinite pressure. It is pointed out that the compatibility of Keane’s equation and the Stacey reciprocal equation of state as considered by Sinha et al. does not hold at high pressures. The Keane equation does not satisfy the thermodynamic constraint according to which the third order Grüneisen parameter must be less than the pressure derivative of bulk modulus at extreme compression. Values of second-, and third order pressure derivatives of bulk modulus for the Earth lower mantle and outer core determined using the K-primed equations reported by Sinha et al. are found to deviate significantly from the results based on the seismic data at finite pressures obtained by fitting the Stacey reciprocal K-primed EOS.
Prediction of elastic deformation and elastic wave velocity of perovskite MgSiO3 with cubic structure at high pressure up to 140 GPa and high temperature up to 4000K from statistical moment method
Authors: Hoc Nguyen Quang , Ngoc Nguyen Thi , Ngoc Bui Lan , Trang Ha Thu , Anh Nguyen Thi Minh , Anh Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Cuong Nguyen Chinh
Published: November 2024

Based on the structural and thermodynamic theory of cubic perovskite built on the SMM published in previous works, we construct the theory of elastic deformation and elastic wave velocity of cubic perovskite. We apply the obtained theory to numerical calculations for MgSiO3 at extreme conditions of temperature up to 4000K and pressure up to 140 GPa. The SMM calculation results for MgSiO3 are consistent with the current calculation and experimental results for CaSiO3. Our results are predictive of the thermodynamic properties of MgSiO3 in the context of scarce data on this material.
Multilevel governance and broadband infrastructure development: Evidence from Canada
Authors: Rajabiun Reza , Middleton Catherine A.
Published: November 2024

 This paper investigates the contributions of digital infrastructure policies of provincial governments in Canada to the development of broadband networks. Using measurements of broadband network speeds between 2007 and 2011, the paper analyzes potential causes for observed differences in network performance growth across the provinces, including geography, Internet use intensity, platform competition, and provincial broadband policies. The analysis suggests provincial policies that employed public sector procurement power to open access to essential facilities and channeled public investments in Internet backbone infrastructure were associated with the emergence of relatively high quality broadband networks. However, a weak essential facilities regime and regulatory barriers to entry at the national level limit the scope for decentralized policy solutions.

 
Taiwan February 28 Incident in Korean Media Reports
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Kim Bong-Jun
Published: November 2024

The 1947 February 28 Incident, which resulted in more than 10,000 casualties, is a seminal event in Taiwan’s modern history. The sharp internal and external divisions that were expressed during the event and its aftermath became the prototype for modern Taiwan’s social conflicts. The Incident also attracted the attention of not only Taiwan but also Korea, which had just been liberated, and Korean media outlets reported the causes and background of the Incident in light of their own experience of colonization. Therefore, an understanding of the narrative and causes of the February 28 Incident can serve as a mirror for understanding the immediate post-liberation situation in East Asian countries with colonial experiences.
To this end, this article focuses on Korean media coverage of the February 28 Incident, analyzing the sources, context of the coverage, and perspectives expressed in the commentary. This article explains that the KMT’s misguided policies and responses played a crucial role in the escalation of the incident to the rest of Taiwan, and that internal conflicts and divisions within the KMT contributed to the difficulties in the negotiation process. As commentary in the Korean and Western media has shown, the February 28 Incident cannot be viewed simply as a result of internal contradictions in Taiwanese society, but also provides clues to understanding the effects of Japanese colonial rule, the state of the KMT, and economic insecurity.
Modern Nation-State, Citizenship, and Mentality : Focusing on the correlation with eugenics
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Kim Ho-Yeon
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between the modern nation-state, national qualifications, and mentality in relation to eugenics. This aims to reveal the significance of human science and biomedical measures in national policy and its implementation, thereby providing a theoretical opportunity to critically examine the general perception of the bio-political characteristics of modern states and the correlation between human abilities and spirituality.
Accordingly, here, first, we will reveal the correlation between the modern state - modern thought - national qualifications - mental capacity - Galton’s eugenics, and second, within this link, examine biometrics and intelligence test as a methodology for determining national qualifications, that is, human mental capacity. Thirdly, we will look at the problem of the feeble-minded who were its direct victims. This will be an opportunity to critically reflect on the tendency to understand national competitiveness or its efficiency in conjunction with meritocracy based on intellectual capabilities.
Chinese Communist Party’s Expansion and Strengthening of Force during the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Ki Se-Chan
Published: November 2024

During the eight-year Sino-Japanese War, China mobilized 14 million people, but more than 3.21 million casualties alone. The casualties and property losses of the general public were incalculable. In particular, the National Government Army, which was the first target of attack during the fighting, faced a situation where it was impossible to respond to new challenges in the postwar era due to enormous material and mental losses. On the other hand, Japan's invasion of China in 1937 provided the CCP with another opportunity to complete the revolution, apart from the suffering the Chinese. This war provided Mao Zedong and the CCP an invaluable time that was difficult to obtain, and enabled them to expand their power and prepare for a true communist revolution. The CCP stimulated the patriotism of numerous Chinese people through anti-Japanese propaganda activities, attracting them to its side and at the same time successfully militarized them. The number of Red Army forces that were only 40,000 at the time of the Second United Front in 1937 increased to more than 1 million by the end of the war in 1945. The CCP army was equipped with the ability as a real frontier of the CCP revolution in terms of scale and combat power through the Sino-Japanese War.
Acute Ischemic Stroke and STEMI in A 78-Year-Old Female: A Case Report of Dual Life-Threatening Events and Complicated Recovery
Authors: AlSaffar Ali , S. AlSahwan Ali , J. Mohamed Ali , H. Albayyat Mansor , Y. Alhebaishi Sawsan , I. Alqebaiti Hadi , A.jalil Zainab
Published: November 2024

Ischemic stroke and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) occurring at the same time, are very rare conditions that cause major difficulties in management and present high mortality rates. This manuscript brings into focus a 78-year-old woman who had known diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia, and ischemic strokes in the past, who presented with focal neurological deficits in the form of sudden onset slurring of speech and facial asymmetry which on investigation revealed a large left middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Few hours later she developed STEMI with ECG changes and raised troponin levels. The patient experienced respiratory difficulty for which the patient was intubated. A percutaneous intervention (PCI) was attempted with moderate results. Complications included heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), and septic shock due to a urinary tract infection (UTI) that delayed her discharge from the hospital. Nevertheless, the effective treatment and cooperation between cardiologists and neurologists, stabilized her condition. This case shows the challenges of managing dual pathology (stroke and STEMI simultaneously); therefore, early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management offer the best prognosis to realize optimal outcomes.
Регіональні особливості та аналіз флори Ківерцівського національного природного парку «Цуманська пуща»
Authors: Безсмертна О.О. , Герасимчук Г.В. , Мерленко Н.О. , Деркач В.В. , Шиндер О.І. , Баранський О.Р. , Данилик І.М.
Published: November 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню сучасного стану флори Ківерцівського національного природного парку «Цуманська пуща», який розташований у Волинській області. За результатами комплексної інвентаризації таксономічного різноманіття флори було встановлено, що на території парку зростає 889 видів і підвидів судинних рослин, що складає понад 59 % спонтанної флори Волинського Полісся і 47,9 % природної флори Українського Полісся. Аборигенна фракція флори налічує 718 видів і підвидів, а адвентивна – 171. Було проаналізовано систематичну, географічну, біоморфологічну та еколого-ценотичну структури флори і ступінь її трансформації. Аборигенна та адвентивна фракції аналізувалися окремо. Систематична структура флори має відповідний для західного Полісся характер: у аборигенній фракції флори переважають представники родин Asteraceae (68 таксони), Rosaceae (52 таксонів), Poaceae (50 таксонів), Cyperaceae (46 таксонів), Lamiaceae (34 таксони), Fabaceae (33 таксони); у адвентивній фракції флори переважають родини Asteraceae (33 таксони), Rosaceae (13 таксонів), Brassicaceae (12 таксонів), Fabaceae і Poaceae (по 11 таксонів). Індекс адвентизації флори складає 19,1 %, є середнім показником, порівняно із іншими важливими природоохоронними територіями. Серед аборигенних рослин переважають таксони із європейським (24,5 %), євразійським (20,3 %), бореальним (14,2 %) та європейсько-субсередземноморським (13,5 %) типами ареалів. На території парку виявлено «острівні» місцезнаходження таких видів, як Blechnum spicant, Genista sagittalis, Osmunda regalis, що може вказувати на реліктовий характер популяцій цих видів і вагоме значення природоохоронних заходів для їх збереження. Адвентивна фракція переважно представлена видами субсередземноморського (44,4 %), американського (24,7 %) та азійського (17,5 %) походження. Деревні біоморфи складають 14,0 % від аборигенної фракції флори, що перевищує подібні показники багатьох інших досліджених територій Полісся і Лісостепу. У адвентивній фракції типово переважають однорічні трави (43,3 %). У еколого-ценотичній структурі аборигенної фракції провідними є групи сильвантів (30,8 %), пратантів (21,2 %) і палюдантів (20,2 %); у адвентивній – синантропні види (66,7 %). У додатку до статті наведено анотований список флори судинних рослин Ківерцівського національного природного парку «Цуманська пуща».
Історія вивчення заплавних лісів України: напрямки, проблеми, перспективи
Authors: Борсукевич Л.М.
Published: November 2024

Висвітлюється сучасний стан досліджень заплавної лісової та чагарникової рослинності України. Зроблено огляд найважливіших робіт флористичного та геоботанічного спрямування. Історію проведення досліджень у регіоні розподілено за напрямами. Самі роботи розглянуті в хронологічному порядку. Дається характеристика результатів досліджень і досягнень українських вчених у флористичному, геоботанічному, екологічному і фітосозологічному напрямках та розглянуті актуальні завдання досліджень на майбутнє. На основі досліджених та згаданих у статті літературних джерел, які надають інформацію щодо флори та рослинності заплавних лісів, можна прослідкувати історію розвитку досліджень від середини ХІХ сторіччя до тепер. При цьому зазначено, що у ХІХ – на початку ХХ століття роботи носили загальний характер. Лише у 30-х роках ХХ століття більша увага починає приділятися різним типам рослинності, а не рослинності окремих регіонів, як це було раніше. Особливу увагу акцентовано на роботах геоботанічного напрямку, які є основою для вивчення усіх типів рослинності, і заплавної, зокрема. Виявлено, що кількість публікацій, в яких міститься інформація про заплавні ліси України, чимала, однак публікацій, які були б присвячені виключно цьому типу рослинності, обмаль, і з’являються вони, за деякими винятками, лише наприкінці ХХ століття, оскільки раніше лісовій рослинності заплав приділялось дуже мало уваги, про що неодноразово зазначали різні вчені. На майбутнє необхідно провести синтаксономічну ревізію класів Alnetea glutinosae та Salicetea purpureae, оскільки кількість асоціацій, яка описана геоботаніками з території України, є непропорційно велика. Важливо дослідити флору заплавних лісів, оскільки до сьогодні немає зведеного списку видів, які трапляються в цьому типі рослинності. Немає розуміння, які адвентивні види і в якій мірі трапляються в цих лісах. Нерозкрита ціла низка питань екологічного напрямку. Було виявлено, що найкраще вивчені заплави великих річок України, таких як Дніпро та Сіверський Донець. Заплави малих річок, особливо Карпат та західних областей України, вивчені дуже мало, тому все ще залишається чимало актуальних завдань із дослідження заплавних лісів на майбутнє.
Determining Factors for Startup Success in Indonesia: Perspective of Young Entrepreneurs
Authors: Lachlan Nicholas , Smith Olivia
Published: November 2024

The entrepreneurial ecosystem in Indonesia is expanding rapidly, driven by the active involvement of young entrepreneurs. However, the factors influencing the success of these startups remain understudied. This research aims to explore the key determinants of startup success from the perspective of young entrepreneurs in Indonesia. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, incorporating both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with startup founders. The quantitative data was analyzed using SmartPLS, while thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative insights. The findings reveal that market adaptability, financial management, mentorship, and innovation are the primary factors contributing to the success of startups. These elements are crucial in shaping the sustainability and growth of startups in the Indonesian context. Understanding these factors can provide valuable insights for aspiring entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers, helping to create a supportive environment for startup development and success.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding sexual and reproductive health rights among married adolescents in urban slums of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Topa Adity Roy , Shiblee Shafayatul Islam , Rashid Md. Harunor
Published: November 2024

Background: Adolescents, especially married adolescents living within urban slum communities, encounter significant difficulties in obtaining and exercising their sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR). This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of SRHR and its associated factors among married adolescents living in urban slums.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 500 married adolescent girls living in slums in Dhaka and Gazipur, Bangladesh, was conducted in the icddr,b Health and Demography Surveillance System areas. We interviewed them using a pretested questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice of SRHR. Data on their sociodemographic variables, such as household asset items and age and education, were collected. Principal component analysis was used to create wealth indices.
Results: Knowledge of self-care during menstruation and the oral contraceptive pill was almost universal, though knowledge of condoms, abortion, danger signs of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections was low. They (70%) agreed that young people should have access to menstruation-related hygiene facilities, contraception and sex education, though there was less agreement regarding abortion being a woman’s right. The use of antenatal care and institutional-level delivery was also low. Age, years of schooling and prior pregnancy were positively associated with their knowledge levels. Important attitudinal and practice variations were noted between regions, Gazipur being the most disadvantaged.
Conclusion: There are important gaps in knowledge and practice in SRH service-seeking in this slum population. Heterogeneity in the slum population must be recognised to design services that reach the most disadvantaged group.
Pathophysiology of Adipose Tissue Macrophages indicating a potential reservoir site for HIV infection that might be troublesome to eradicate HIV-1
Authors: Ahmed Nursarat
Published: November 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) is a condition that affects over 60 million people worldwide. Viral infection can be controlled using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to suppress HIV-1 replication and hinder disease progression, but viremia quickly rebounds following HAART interruption. It is highly likely that the persistence of virus occurs predominantly in latently infected CD4+ T cells, a new strategy to eradicate HIV-1. Previously it has been shown that the viral reservoir is seeded rapidly following the initial infection of rhesus macaques with SIV, even before the establishment of a systemic infection, so destroying this reservoir may be vital to the effective clearance of HIV. We reasoned that long-lived tissue macrophages contribute significantly to the SIV/HIV reservoir, such as those that may be found in adipose tissue.
Mediscope 2024;11(2): 68-72
Pengaruh Media Softbook pada Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Amala Nisael , Lestari Briyantika Puji , Anggraini Denok Dwi
Published: November 2024

This research is motivated by the low cognitive development of group A in Raudhlatul Athfal in Gampengrejo District, Kediri Regency, this is caused using contextual methods with lectures and still utilizing children's worksheets and magazines in learning, so itis less interesting and innovative. This study aims to obtain information about the effect of softbook media on cognitive development in group A children at Raudhlatul Athfal.The research method used is included in the quantitative, namely quasi-experimental with no-equivalent control group design. From a total population of 316 children, the sample in this study were 114 children in two Raudhlatul Athfal in Gampengrejo District who had undergone random sampling, the two RAs selected were RA AL-Hikmah Turus and RA AL-Azhar Ngebrak. Data analysis techniques using observation and documentation. The results obtained are by using softbook media there is a significant difference in average results between the experimental group with greater results than the control group.
Ragam Cara Mengenalkan Ibadah Puasa Ramadhan bagi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rendy Setyowahyudi
Published: November 2024

Fasting is a workshop which becomes a challenge for parents to introduce it to early childhood. The purpose of this study was to find out various ways of introducing Ramadan fasting to early childhood. This research is library research. The data was collected from library documents such as journal articles and the website that contain various ways of introducing Ramadan fasting to early childhood. The data analysis technique used content analysis by analyzing the content of a data message. The results of the study have found that there are four ways ways to introduce fasting to early children in fasting, using animated films and using storytelling methods
Menanamkan Pengetahuan Keagamaan pada Anak Melalui Pembiasaan Membaca Asmaul Husna di TK Masyithoh II Sanansari
Authors: Anam Muhammad Choirul , Wahidin  , Fauziah Nurul
Published: November 2024

The provision of the habit of reading Asmaul Husna aims to instil religious values in children from an early age. The type of research used is field research with descriptive qualitative methods. To obtain credible research, the researchers used triangulation techniques and used interviews, observations and documentation in data collection. The results of this study are educators teach children to read Asmaul Husna by using a screen or projector in front of them, and then the educator points to the letters one by one. Besides that, the educator also teaches children to write Asmaul Husna, and then the results are displayed in a temple in front of the class as a form of reward for the children.
Keterampilan Bertanya Saintifik Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Mulyana Edi Hendri , Qonita Qonita , Elan Elan , Risbon Sianturi  , Sakinah Serfa Az-Zahra , Anggraeni Indri
Published: November 2024

The critical thinking ability of early childhood is the basis of skills that can be developed through various learning so that scientific questioning skills are formed in understanding each learning context. This type of research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research are through observation, interviews, and documentation data collection. The subjects of this research were 20 children in group B. The results of this research showed that the questioning skills of children in group B of the National Plus Joy Kids Kindergarten were very active, demonstrated by the class's activeness during learning using the audio-visual method, namely showing an interactive learning video so that it could generate Children's curiosity is well stimulated.
Pengembangan Buku Cerita Pop Up Berbasis Multikultural Pendidikan Untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ika Sugiarti  , Hariyanto  , Sayati Budi Astuti Kurnia  , Iklimahnatun Anggistiani  , Subaeri  , Khozzaimah
Published: November 2024

This research aims to create a pop-up picture book based on multicultural education for early childhood. Through this picture book, children can understand multicultural education and get used to the diversity around them. In addition, this picture book teaches children how to behave around friends who have different customs and cultures from themselves. This development study refers to the 4-D development design steps. It includes (a) definition, (b) design, (c) development, and (d) dissemination.  Before conducting product trials, validation tests were carried out on three experts. Data were collected by conducting observations which were carried out twice, namely before giving the book and after giving the book. Data analysis was carried out through the gain score of pre-test and post-test scores. The product trial was carried out in two stages, namely a limited test with 12 children and the main test with 31 children of PGRI Silo 01 Kindergarten. The results of the product feasibility assessment of product verification were 3.8 (very feasible) for media experts and 4 (very feasible) for material experts. The effectiveness of illustrated pop-up books in instilling an understanding of multicultural education in early childhood is determined based on the results of the pre-test score of 5.13 and the post-test score of 5.95. From this comparison, it can be concluded that the use of pop-up picture books based on multicultural education is effective in increasing children's understanding of multicultural education.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Practical Life terhadap Keterampilan Merawat Diri Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA Iqra' Sabila Kota Jambi
Authors: Siska Sulistiani  , Tumewa Pangaribun  , Asih Nur Ismiatun
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of practical life activities on self-care skills of children aged 5-6 years at RA Iqra' Sabila Jambi City. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach with a quasi experimental research design. The population amounted to 48 children at RA Iqra' Sabila Jambi City. The sample amounted to 24 children purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was an observation sheet. Data analysis techniques use normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing using independent sample t test with the help of SPSS. The average research results of the experimental class on the prettest 8.41 on the posttest increased 18.00. The average control class on the prettest 8.33 and on the posttest 10.92. The test results show the sig value. (2-tailed) 0.001 <0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The tcount value of 4.005 is higher than the t table 1.1714 so that ho is rejected and ha is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of practical life activities on self-care skills for children aged 5-6 years at RA Iqra' Sabila Jambi City.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Kearifan Lokal dalam Dimensi Mandiri Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada Anak Usia Dini di TKIT Mutiara Hati Kota Jambi
Authors: Auliya Maghribi Annisaa , Hendra Sofyan  , Nyimas Muazzomi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah produk video pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dalam dimensi mandiri Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Responden penelitian terdiri dari ahli materi dan ahli media sebagai validator, tujuh orang Guru TKIT Mutiara Hati, dan enam orang anak kelompok B2. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas dari ahli materi, video pembelajaran mencapai persentase sebesar 89,6% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Uji validitas dari ahli media menunjukkan bahwa video pembelajaran mencapai persentase sebesar 98,5% dengan kriteria sangat baik, sementara uji kelayakan oleh tujuh orang Guru TKIT Mutiara Hati memperoleh persentase sebesar 91,7% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Respons anak kelompok B2 menunjukkan persentase sebesar 74,1% dengan kriteria baik. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan hasil penilaian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk video pembelajaran sudah sesuai dan layak untuk memperkenalkan kearifan lokal daerah Jambi serta mengembangkan dimensi mandiri Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada anak.
Strategi Peningkatan Kreativitas Anak dan Stimulasi Speech Delay Melalui Media Loose Part di PAUD
Authors: Yenny Wardati Arifah  , Togar Siagian  , Siti Rohmah  , Sigit Purnama
Published: November 2024

In the era of globalization, creativity is becoming increasingly important, because it is needed to face increasingly rapid challenges and changes. To increase creativity in early childhood, the right strategy is needed, one of which is using loose part media. At PAUD Fullday Aisyiyah Kasihan uses loose parts as a strategy to increase children's creativity. So the aim of this research is to look at strategies for increasing children's creativity through loose part media at PAUD Fullday Aisyiyah Kasihan. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The research subject is the teacher. The place of research was carried out at the Kasihan Integrated Aisyiyah PAUD, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The validity tester in this research uses credibility with triangulation, namely technical triangulation. Analyzing data from the field through interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique that will be used in the research is Miles and Huberman's data analysis technique, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results of the research show that there are 6 strategies used by teachers to increase children's creativity by using loose part media, namely; 1) giving children freedom to imagine and be creative; 2) providing appropriate direction and supervision by the teacher; 3) getting used to playing activities with loose part media; 4) use of interrogative sentences and provocation sentences to support creativity; 5) increasing vocabulary, articulating word pronunciation and strengthening children's oral speech; 6) assessment of activity results and reflection on learning.
Observing Coworkers’ Violations and Managers’ Discipline: The Effect of Violation and Punishment Severity on Coworkers
Authors: Peterson Jeff
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this two-part study is to understand how disciplinary actions impact coworkers on other coworkers. Study one determines how a coworker’s perception of the severity of a violation is related to desire for retributive justice, attitude towards the violator, and how the severity of a violation impacts perception of appropriate discipline. Study two examined reactions when punishments are too mild, appropriate or severe. Results yielded a complex relationship where the violation’s severity interacted with the punishment’s severity. One finding was that under-punishing has a more pronounced impact on coworkers than over-punishing.
The Role of Organizational Culture in Employee Retention in Kosovar Businesses
Authors: Sylejmani Mimoza , Mesko Maja
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to examine the impact of organizational culture on employee retention, providing insights to enhance long-term engagement and satisfaction. A mixed-methods approach was used, beginning with a comprehensive literature review of organizational culture and employee retention. Surveys were conducted with a representative sample of employees across different sectors in Kosovo. The data were analyzed using regression and correlation techniques to identify quantitative relationships between organizational culture and retention.
The findings reveal that organizational culture plays a significant role in employee retention. Specifically, cultures focused on employee well-being, career development, and transparency are positively associated with higher retention rates. Employees are more likely to stay with organizations that align with their values, offer support, and create a transparent working environment. Conversely, toxic cultures marked by negativity and poor leadership are linked to higher turnover.
The study underscores the importance of fostering a positive, inclusive culture that prioritizes employee growth. Kosovar businesses should invest in employee development, training, and continuous feedback to build a productive environment that supports retention.
Sex Differences in the Response of Postprandial Lipemia to a Change from a Low-Fat Low-Cholesterol Diet to a High-Fat High-Cholesterol Diet
Authors: Kovář J , Poledne R
Published: November 2024

To determine whether a short-term change in dietary habits affects postprandial lipemia in men and women in the same way, postprandial triglyceridemia was measured in age- and BMI-matched young healthy men and women after two weeks on the self-selected low-fat low-cholesterol (LF) diet and after another two weeks on the self-selected high-fat high-cholesterol (HF) diet. After a standardized challenge meal (1.4 g fat/kg of body weight), men had higher postprandial triglyceridemia than women on the HF diet but no such difference was observed on the LF diet. The results of this preliminary study suggest that there may be important sex differences in the mechanisms regulating the postprandial lipemia response to different diets, women being able to adapt better to the HF diet with respect to postprandial lipemia.
Evaluation of Calcium Channel Blockers as Potential Hepatoprotective Agents in Oxidative Stress Injury of Perfused Hepatocytes
Authors: Farghali H , Kmoníčková E , Lotková H , Martínek J
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calcium channel blockers on tertbutyl hydroperoxide (TBH) induced liver injury using isolated perfused rat hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes were immobilized in agarose threads and perfused with Williams E medium. Hepatocyte injury was induced by the addition of tertbutyl hydroperoxide (1 mM) to the perfusion medium 30 min after the addition of either verapamil or diltiazim. Hepatocyte injury was observed by monitoring the functional and metabolic competence of hepatocytes or by ultrastructural morphological examination of hepatocytes. Verapamil (0.5 mM) reduced lactate dehydrogenase leakage in TBH-injured hepatocytes as compared to the controls (154+/-11% vs. 247+/-30%). Lipid peroxides production was reduced after verapamil pretreatment as compared to the controls and oxygen consumption was increased by pretreatment of hepatocytes with verapamil. Verapamil pretreatment increased the protein synthesis activity at both levels of granular endoplasmic reticulum and free polysomes in cytoplasm and decreased ATPase activity. Diltiazem was qualitatively effective as verapamil. It is concluded that in hepatocyte oxidative injury, calcium channel blockers exhibited hepatoprotective properties. The hepatoprotective effect of calcium channel blockers was accompanied by a decrease in ATPase activity, which may implicate a normalization of Ca2+i after TBH intoxication.
Dorsal Rhizotomy Changes the Spontaneous Neuronal Activity of Nuclei in the Medial Thalamus
Authors: Vaculín Š , Franěk M , Rokyta R
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of unilateral dorsal root section at the cervicothoracic level of the spinal cord on the spontaneous neuronal activity of medial thalamic nuclei in the rat. Single unit extracellular recordings from thalamic nuclei, nc. parafascicularis and nc. centralis lateralis, were obtained with glass micropipettes. The abnormal bursting activity of these nuclei following deafferentation was registered, although a correlation between the occurrence of this activity and the degree of autotomy behavior was not found. Such bursts were never observed in the studied thalamic nuclei of control rats.
Form in flux: The development of exceptional degree morphology in Bulgarian and Macedonian
Authors: Chidambaram Vrinda
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on two South Slavic languages, Bulgarian and Macedonian, which are famously exceptional among Slavic languages for having no case declension on non-pronominal nouns or adjectives and for having post-nominal articles. In this paper, I explore a different (and far less recognized) property of these languages that also makes them distinctive, not only among Slavic languages but among most, if not all, natural languages. I trace the historical development of the Bulgarian and Macedonian degree morphemes po- (comparative) and naj- (superlative), which are not only of interest from a traditional philological perspective but furthermore present complex issues with respect to a synchronic analysis of degree adjective morphology. Specifically, I address Bobaljik’s (2012) Containment Hypothesis, which states that superlative degree modifiers are morphologically derived directly from comparative degree modifiers. I investigate the Bulgarian and Macedonian degree quantifier series ‘many-more-most’ – Bg: mnogo-poveče-najmnogo and Mac: mnogu-poveќe-najmnogu – which appear straightforwardly to contradict his claim and provide evidence that this exception arose due to a diachronic shift which may still be underway.
Pitvarfibrilláció során alkalmazott véralvadásgátló kezelés dilemmái krónikus veseelégtelenségben
Authors: Várady Tímea , Mácsai Emília , Dolgos Szilveszter
Published: November 2024

A pitvarfibrilláció (PF) egyre növekvő népegészségügyi problémát jelent. A PF miatti antikoaguláns kezeléssel kapcsolatos nagy klinikai vizsgálatokba előrehaladott krónikus vesebetegségben (CKD) szenvedő betegek nem kerültek bevonásra, éppen ezért a jelenleg elérhető szakirodalmi adatok alapján az antikoagulálási stratégia ezen betegekben nem egységes. CKD-betegekben a tradicionális rizikótényezők mellett speciális kockázati tényezők is szerepet játszanak a pitvarfibrilláció és a megelőzni kívánt thromboemboliás szövődmény, a stroke kialakulásában, ezért az átlagpopulációban használt pontrendszerek (CHA2DS2-VASc és HAS-BLED) nem alkalmasak a pontos rizikóbecslésre ebben a betegcsoportban. Ismert, hogy a veseelégtelenség és a pitvarfibrilláció között kétirányú kapcsolat áll fenn: a CKD progressziója gyorsabb PF fennállásakor, illetve pitvarfibrillálókban nagyobb valószínűséggel alakul ki krónikus veseelégtelenség. A stroke/szisztémás embolisatio megelőzésének kérdése CKD-populációban rendkívül komplex. A direkt orális antikoaguláns (DOAC) szerek a K-vitamin-antagonistákkal (VKA) összehasonlítva enyhe-közepes GFR-csökkenés esetén (CKD 1–3. stádiumában) jobb eredményeket igazoltak a stroke-prevenció és a vesefunkció-progressziót illetően, valamint ritkábbak voltak a major vérzéses epizódok és a cardiovascularis események is a VKA-kezeléshez képest. Azonban CKD 4–5. stádiumban jelenleg nem rendelkezünk kellő evidenciával az optimális antikoaguláns terápiát illetően. Hemodializált betegekben a magas vérzési rizikó miatt általánosságban restriktívebb szemlélet szükséges az antikoaguláns kezelés indikációjában. Ilyenkor minden esetben egyéni mérlegelés, individuális döntéshozatal indokolt. Ugyanakkor ebben a betegcsoportban a magas stroke-rizikójú betegek azonosítása és megfelelő kezelése ugyanilyen fontos. Új terápiás lehetőségként áll rendelkezésünkre a bal pitvari fülcsezárás, illete a XI. faktor inhibitorok megjelenése, amely a magas vérzési rizikójú betegek számára előnyös megoldást jelenthet. Összefoglalónk célja, hogy a pitvarfibrilláló CKD-betegekben felhívjuk a figyelmet az antikoaguláns terápia nehézségeire, hiszen mielőbb szükséges lenne ezen vulnerábilis betegcsoport kezelésére vonatkozó további, gyakorlati javaslatok kidolgozása a jelenlegi magas morbiditás és mortalitás csökkentése céljából.
HDAC Dynamics and GR Signaling: Neurobiological Insights and Antidepressant Potential
Authors: Patel Shashikant , Chakravarty Sumana
Published: November 2024

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling are critical in regulating gene expression and stress responses. Vorinostat, an HDAC inhibitor, shows significant promise in treating depression by modulating these pathways. This commentary explores HDAC inhibitor’s mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and the challenges in clinical application. It compares the effects of various HDAC inhibitors on GR signaling and neuroplasticity, emphasizing the importance of personalized treatment approaches. Future research directions include identifying biomarkers for treatment response, developing selective HDAC inhibitors, and exploring combination therapies. This comprehensive overview aims to enhance understanding of HDAC inhibition’s role in stress resilience and antidepressant mechanisms.
Doctor, Can We Reuse this Brace; Patient Attitudes towards Reuse of Orthopedic Braces
Authors: Jambulingam Raja , Mirza Yusuf , Kemp Mark
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Climate change presents an important threat to human health and wellbeing. Paradoxically, many facets of healthcare provision contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. An important example of this is the use of single use, disposable orthopedic orthotics, widely dispensed in emergency departments and fracture clinics.

This study aimed to understand patients’ attitudes towards climate change, single use plastics, and recycling of orthotics.

Materials and methods: Fracture clinic patients wearing orthotics were invited to complete a questionnaire examining attitudes toward climate change and the recycling of orthotics. Questions explored patient attitudes towards climate change, single use plastics and re-use of orthotics. Free text was also included to identify any patient’s perceived concerns regarding brace re-use.

Results: 93 out of 211 patients in clinic wore orthoses (44.1%). 40 completed the questionnaire giving a 43% response rate. 95% of patients were aware of climate change, attributing an average importance of 7.7 on a Likert scale of 0 (least important) to 10 (most important). 92.5% understood the issue of single use plastics, ascribing an average score of 8 to this. 90% of patients were willing to recycle their orthosis, with 90% also willing to use a recycled orthosis. Free text analysis revealed concerns with infection and brace integrity.

Conclusions: Orthopedic trauma patients recognize the danger of climate change and welcome efforts to address the issue of single use plastic in orthoses by recycling braces. Further research is required to facilitate the production of reusable orthoses and the reprocessing of current orthoses.
Liraglutida. Para niños de 6 a 12 años de edad con obesidad
Authors: Calderón Velasco Rolando
Published: November 2024

Actualmente no hay ninguna medicación aprobada para el tratamiento de la obesidad en niños menores de 12 años. El uso de la liraglutida se ha demostrado que induce la pérdida de peso en adultos y adolescentes con obesidad, pero su seguridad y eficacia no ha sido establecida en niños.
Torsión omental simulando apendicitis aguda. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Manrique-Sila Fátima , Vera-Portilla Angel F. , Velásquez-Farfán Daniela , Manrique-Sila George , Vera-Portilla Walter
Published: November 2024

La torsión del epiplón mayor (TE) es una causa rara de dolor abdominal agudo, con síntomas inespecíficos que imitan frecuentemente a la apendicitis aguda. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 44 años con cuadro compatible de apendicitis aguda. Fue intervenida mediante laparoscopía, observándose epiplón mayor adherido a pared abdominal anterior, desvitalizado, torcido sobre su propio eje, la cual fue resuelta con omentectomía laparoscópica y apendicectomía complementaria. La TE es potencialmente grave, que requiere tratamiento urgente. El estudio tomográfico es útil, pero la mayoría se diagnostican intraoperatoriamente. Por lo tanto, debe incluirse en el diagnóstico diferencial del abdomen agudo. El tratamiento definitivo es el quirúrgico, siendo de elección la omentectomía laparoscopía. Aunque existe un tratamiento conservador si se diagnostica previamente mediante radiología.
Problemas de Salud Mental durante la crisis sociales: Lo que hemos aprendido de la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Rondón Marta B. Rondón
Published: November 2024

La pandemia por COVID-19 precipitó una crisis social que afectó temporalmente a toda la población mundial. Laspredicciones de daño masivo a la salud mental no se han confirmado, pero algunas poblaciones vulnerables han sidodespropor- cionadamente afectadas por la infección y por las medidas sociales implementadas. La salud mental de muchasmujeres ha sufrido un deterioro significativo dada su mayor exposición al riesgo de constituir la mayoría de los llamados“trabajadores esenciales” y por la sobrecarga de responsabilidades que recayó sobre ellas. Las personas en los extremosdel ciclo vital comparten factores biológicos de vulnerabilidad y estuvieron expuestas al aislamiento y la falta deprotección y soporte formal por el cierre de escuelas, servicios de salud y lugares de recreación. Los y las adolescentes,sorprendentemente, han sufrido también un impacto emocional severo que se evidencia en el incremento de ideación yconductas suicidas y que se explica porque la pandemia alteró una etapa de la vida en la que desarrollo neurobiológico ypsicosocial configuran una experiencia sumamente compleja. Las inequidades, debidas a diferencias de género, edad,origen u otros parámetros, se multiplicaron en la pandemia resultando en disparidades claras en mortalidad y prevalenciade síntomas debidos al quiebre de la capacidad para afrontar el estrés.
Covid-19 y Salud Mental Global: Aspectos epidemiológicos
Authors: Vega-Dienstmaier Johann M.
Published: November 2024

Revisión narrativa sobre la epidemiología de los problemas de salud mental relacionados con la pandemia de COVID-19 a nivel mundial, latinoamericano y nacional. Se enfatiza la necesidad de utilizar muestras probabilísticas en los estudios epidemiológicos para tener datos más reales y de usar métodos adecuados y uniformes para la determinación de trastornos mentales. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado de manera importante la salud mental de la población mundial, especialmente a los que han sufrido enfermedad severa, mayor aislamiento, pérdida de algún familiar o de puestos de trabajo.
Atención en Salud Mental por médicos no psiquiatras
Authors: Calderón-Viacava José Luis , Baca-Cabrejos María Edith
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo está orientado a fundamentar la importancia del rol de los médicos no psiquiatras en laintegración de la atención de la salud física con la salud mental, como una unidad en la que ambas muestran un impactorecíproco. A partir de la comprensión de la salud en un contexto globalizado, se examinan las bases conceptuales de laatención en salud desde un enfoque multidimensional que incorpora los desafíos del bienestar identificando los nudoscríticos vigentes cuya superación facilitaría una ruta hacia el cuidado integral postulado por la medicina centrada en lapersona. Este paradigma renovado necesita iniciarse con la detección y el diagnóstico, asociando la salud física y mentalcomo una unidad dinámica. Para lograrlo, se presenta información sobre la situación de salud mental y su manejo en losservicios de salud y se propone, finalmente, un marco de atención adecuada a postulados de la medicina centrada en lapersona.
Effectiveness of Zilgrei Method Towards Labor Output Among Primigravida Mother in Indonesia
Authors: Nurwita Ati , Sumarni Rani
Published: November 2024

Aims : the study aimed to test the effectiveness of the zilgrei methode in primigravida mother with second stage labor of long second stage, incidence laceration, infant condition and the scale pain of labor.
Methods : The study used a queasy experimental design with a control group, collecting primary data through observation, partographs, APGAR score, and pain scale assessment for 6 months.
Result : The result of the bivariate test shows that the mean comparison of the long second stage was different between the two groups (p-value 0,001). No significant difference in the proportion of the incidence laceration (p= 0.370), APGAR score at first, fifth, and ten minutes (p>0.005). There was a significant comparison of pain scale between a group with and without Zilgrei Method (p=0.000).
Conclusions : Based on the results of this study Zilgrei method can be applied as an alternative non-pharmacological method to shorten the second stage and reduce pain on labor. For further research, it is necessary to consider controlling the weight of a born baby and maternal risk factors to determine the effect of applying the Zilgrei method optimally to the laceration of the birth canal and the condition of the baby at birth.
The Effectiveness of Health Education Using Falshback and Video Methods on Balanced Nutrition Knowledge Among Children in Elementary School
Authors: Pratiwi Dhini , Masluroh Masluroh
Published: November 2024

Aims:  This study aims to assess the efficacy of nutrition education using flipcharts and movies in enhancing the knowledge of Balanced Nutrition among elementary school students at SDN 1 Bina Karya Jaya, Putra Rumbia District, Central Lampung Regency in 2023.
Method: The study used the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design methodology to investigate 44 students at SDN 1 Bina Karya Jaya in Putra Rumbia, Central Lampung Regency.
Result: The results showed that there were differences in the effectiveness of health education flipcharts and video methods on knowledge of balanced nutrition in students at SDN 1 Bina Karya Jaya, Putra Rumbia District, Central Lampung with a p-value of 0.000.
Conclusion: To enable teaching staff to collaborate closely with health workers in order to provide frequent health education on proper nutrition for school-age children, therefore preventing nutritional issues in children.