bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the Main Directions of Activity of Services and Divisions of the Penitentiary System and Internal Affairs Bodies in Countering Extremism and the Terrorist Threat at the Present Stage: Strategies and Methods of Prevention
Authors: Rumyantsev Nikolay V. , Shamsunov Salikh Kh. , Taraso Maxim Yu.
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the need to organize preventive work to counter extremist activities and terrorist threats in the country, implement measures to form the population's anti-terrorist consciousness, improve measures of an informational and propaganda nature and protect the information space of the State from the ideology of extremism and terrorism. The purpose is to find new solutions and to develop a structural and functional model aimed at preventing and countering the spread of religious extremist and terrorist activities on the territory of the State by the services and divisions of the Federal Penitentiary System of Russia (FPSR) and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (MIA of Russia) and other law enforcement agencies, state and public organizations, as well as a closer interaction of these organizations in the fight against destructive associations. The methodological basis of the research is made up of general scientific methods (dialectic and system-structural) and specific scientific methods of cognition (sociological and statistical). The theoretical basis is the work of domestic and foreign authors in the context of the problem being studied. The article presents the directions that can effectively solve the tasks set to law enforcement bodies and the penitentiary system, the goals of which are the prevention and counteraction of religious extremism and the terrorist threat, the need for additional work on training personnel, not only from among the employees of services and divisions of law enforcement agencies, but also state and public organizations, educational institutions responsible for organizing work in this direction, religious figures (clergy) who devoted themselves to church service. In addition, the problems of counteracting the activities of destructive religious organizations are reflected, which are: high level of confidentiality of the organizations; a thorough check by them of new members of the organization; fanaticism of members of a destructive religious organization and, as a result, the denial of any dissent; a high level of mutual distrust of the employees of the penal system, law enforcement agencies and persons serving sentences, as well as the lack of the necessary knowledge of religious norms about the difference between extremist ideologies and traditional religious teachings; insufficient information interaction between law enforcement agencies. It is aimed at the need to focus efforts to intensify the activities of the services and units of the penitentiary system, Internal Affairs bodies and other law enforcement agencies and public organizations on the prevention of extremist and terrorist activities, as well as the training of qualified personnel for work in this direction.
Are the Mechanisms for Assessing the Quality of Training for Graduates of the Russian Penitentiary System Perfect?
Authors: Rumyantsev Nikolay V. , Shamsunov Salikh Kh. , Bondareva Olga A.
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the need to assess the quality of training of graduates of the Russian penitentiary system and the lack of an effective tool to assess the quality and level of training of graduates who have mastered professional educational programs at educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. In this regard, this article is aimed at identifying or disclosing mechanisms for evaluating the quality of educational services by independent experts, representatives of the employer, through professional and public accreditation of educational programs in educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The leading methods to the study of this problem are general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, analogy, generalization, etc.), which to introduce allow a comprehensive review of the procedure for professional and public accreditation of educational programs in the system of the Russian Federation. The article reveals the expected results of introducing the institution of professional public accreditation of educational programs in the Russian penitentiary system: improving the quality of the implemented educational programs, the level of organization of staff training, the quality and relevance of educational services, and the image of departmental services. The materials of the article are of practical value for improving the evaluation system of professional educational programs implemented in educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.
Aplicación de ISO 27001 y su influencia en la seguridad de la información de una empresa privada peruana
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Rodriguez Baca Liset Sulay , Cruzado Puente de la Vega Carlos Francisco ,   Universidad César Vallejo, Mejía Corredor Carolina ,   Universidad EAN, Alarcón Diaz Mitchell Alberto ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: June 2021

El avance de la tecnología en el mundo provoca, entre otros aspectos, el manejo de importante información la misma que puede considerarse como fundamental para los intereses estratégicos de las empresas. La investigación tuvo como objetivo el analizar la influencia de la aplicación del ISO 27001 en la seguridad de la información de una empresa privada de Lima (Perú). A partir de la aplicación de una metodología cuantitativa, se empleó un estudio pre experimental en el que se determinó la influencia de la aplicación del ISO 27001.Para ello se consideró a una muestra de 30 colaboradores de la empresa. La conclusión cuantitativa muestra que si existe una influencia de la aplicación del ISO en la seguridad de la información y en las dimensiones confidencialidad, integridad y disponibilidad.
Comparison of arrogance in Shahnameh and Bahmannameh based on the ancient story of Bahmannameh
Authors: Amiri Zohreh , Ashrafzadeh Reza , Shah Badiezadeh Mohammad
Published: June 2021

One of the most important aspects of the struggle of warriors and warriors in epic works is the arrogance that is called by the comrades before the start of the hand-to-hand battle. It is accompanied by pride in ancestry, race, and ridicule. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is full of unique arrogance that has given its poet a special place with special and various skills, so that these styles have been welcomed and imitated by poets after Ferdowsi. In the meantime, Bahmannameh written by Iranshah Ibn Abi Al-Khair has a special place. In this work, the heroes have boasted in different ways before the battle. This study has selected the examples of boasting of the warriors in the two mentioned works and comparing them to examine their advantages and disadvantages in relation to each other.
Confrontations in the historical part of Shahnameh with the approach of Louis Strauss
Authors: Alavi Maryam , dokht mashhur Parvin , fazeli Mahammad
Published: June 2021

The opposition of the opposites is also reflected in the myth of the nations and one of the main fields of the myth is the struggle of different forces. Myth is the mother of epic, and any nation that does not have a myth is also useless of epic, and the main background of the epic of any nation is its myth. So this fundamental concept has also found its way into the epic; But in the process of materialization of phenomena from myth to epic, mythical concepts are formed differently in the epic, and during this process, the confrontation of human beings or heroes with evil forces, the confrontation of two tribes and clans, The two heroes become one with each other. In general, it can be said that epic is the fruit of man's struggle with anything that is against his dreams and aspirations and in opposition to his will and action. Meanwhile, the contrast between the phenomena of nature such as night and day, darkness and light, drought and wet season, greenery and autumn and the like, had caused the human way of thinking and worldview based on the same contrast. And as a result, human mythology is full of these contradictions. Moreover, even in later periods, such a way of thinking has prevailed in the human mind and historical data have been analyzed and explained based on this approach. Another important factor in the existence of confrontation and contradiction in mythology is the existence of secondary ideas in these works; Because the important principle in the dual thought of the myths of ancient Iran is the conflict between the demonic forces and the Ahura forces, which considers the whole world as the place of these two opposing forces; Influenced by this idea, we always encounter confrontation and war between groups in Shahnameh. One of the important sources and a collection of myths and legends and even valuable historical contents of this region is Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, which is divided into three parts: mythology (from the time of Kiomars to the kingdom of Fereydoun), heroism (from the rise of the blacksmith to The assassination of Rostam and the reign of Bahman, son of Esfandiar) and historical (from the reign of Bahman and the birth of Alexander to the opening of Iran to the Arabs) has been divided.
Investigating the story of the appearance of Fazl Loghman in Masnavi and the kingdom that gave bitter fruit to Chakri in Mantiq al-Tair and Rumi's superiority in the artistic development of the story over Attar
Authors: Mohamad dost Reza , Ashrafzadeh Reza , mahdavi damghani Mahmud
Published: June 2021

In order to critique literary works (comparative literature), the works in question are usually criticized from two different cultures, so according to this type of method, the works created in the same culture can be examined together. He found their commonalities and differences and achieved good results. Although Attar and Sanai have played an important role in determining the intellectual policy and drawing of Rumi's mystical model, Rumi's ability in the art of storytelling and his mystical goals from the results of stories have a high place in literature and educational works, although many stories The works he uses are not in his mind and he has a history in his previous works. (Sanai and Attar) But their goals and final results are different. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the commonalities and differences of the above story from the perspective of storytelling in order to reveal that Rumi has a higher artistic position than Attar in the art of storytelling.
Critique of the category of despair in the poems of the Third Brotherhood with the approach of the Quran and the hadiths of the Imams (peace be upon them)
Authors: Hatami Azra , Badizadeh Beidakhti Mohammad , Ahmadi Vida
Published: June 2021

What we are going to address in this article is the lexical introduction of the word despair, the meaning of the Word. Vocabulary, an introduction to the word from the perspective of etymology or the etymology of illusion. Such is the introduction of the various meanings of this word in terms of Quranic, literary and philosophical. The main purpose is to critique the concepts and works of despair in the poetry of the Third Brotherhood and the Western philosophers Spinoza and Nietzsche. This article emphasizes the critique of the poems of the Third Brotherhood for this purpose from the teachings of the Holy Quran. We have used the hadiths of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) as a solution to critique and study this. Absurd thoughts with the school of nihilism. Undoubtedly, the issues raised in the Qur'an and Hadith can be the main criteria in this critique be us.
Evaluating the performance of modern rural management (Dehyari) in improving social contexts and attracting financial resources for the development of rural entrepreneurship in Khalilabad
Authors: Akherati Ivari Ayoub , Jafari Hamid , Ali Ahmadian Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Entrepreneurship is one of the most important tools for planning and achieving the development of rural communities. Today, due to the problems in these communities, attention and emphasis on rural entrepreneurship is very important; Because entrepreneurship can play an effective role in improving the economic and living conditions of villages by creating new employment and income opportunities, and the present study aims to evaluate the performance of modern rural management (rural) in improving social contexts and attracting financial resources. It has been prepared for the development of rural entrepreneurship in Khalilabad city. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method, which used library and field methods to collect information and a researcher-made questionnaire for field data. The sample population was randomly studied using Cochran's formula including 370 people in 23 villages of the city. The results obtained in the villages of the city show that the performance of rural villagers in Khalilabad city in order to develop rural entrepreneurship has been weak. Villages have not improved the social context and attracted financial resources for the development of rural entrepreneurship and have not been able to achieve the desired goals.
Evaluating the performance of rural areas in improving entrepreneurship infrastructure for the development of rural entrepreneurship in Khalilabad city
Authors: Akherati Ivari Ayoub , Jafari Hamid , Ali Ahmadian Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Entrepreneurship in order to generate income and employment is one of the most important tools for rural development and the present study has been prepared with the same purpose and as the evaluation of rural performance in improving entrepreneurship infrastructure for rural entrepreneurship development in Khalilabad city. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method, which used library and field methods to collect information and a researcher-made questionnaire for field data. The sample population was randomly studied using Cochran's formula including 370 people in 23 villages of the city. The results obtained in the villages of the city show that the performance of rural villagers in Khalilabad city in order to develop rural entrepreneurship has been weak. The villages of the city, except for the development of public infrastructure (water, electricity, etc.) in other areas of entrepreneurial infrastructure have not performed well and have not been able to achieve the desired goals.
Student Attitude to Internet Search Engines: Navigation and Optimization Problems
Authors: Kiryakova Aida V. , Shabalina Liudmila G. , Manakova Olga S. , Mechkovskaya Olga A. , Vodolazhskaya Ekaterina L. , Ostanina Sofia Sh. , Komissarova Larisa F.
Published: June 2021

The article relevance. Currently, the world is rapidly undergoing the process of Informatization of all aspects of society, the development and introduction of new information technologies. This highlights the need for further reflection and research on the development of the Internet and its opening opportunities for people. The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of the attitude of students to search and recommendation services on the Internet. Research methods: as a research method, we used a questionnaire survey as a method of collecting primary information, which allows us to identify various aspects related to the attitude of students to search and recommendation systems on the Internet. Research results: the article examines the specifics of Russian search and recommendation systems, students' attitude to these services, and their place in their lives. The novelty and originality of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the search and recommendation services of the Internet space were studied. It is shown that these services were initially developed in the sphere of culture and gradually began to spread to other spheres of people's life, which attracted e-Commerce figures. It is revealed that those students who discovered search and recommendation services a few years ago still use them to choose leisure activities. It is shown that students still identify some disadvantages of these systems: inaccurate recommendations, a large number of questions to determine preferences. There is some distrust to new Internet technologies among those who are used to relying on their intuition when choosing. It is determined that students often use search and recommendation services, since in most cases gadgets help them spend their free time, have fun: read a book, watch a movie, listen to music. It is revealed that the majority of students trust Internet services, although they are not always satisfied with the recommendations. It is shown that the level of student-user confidence in traditional advertising and marketing decreases simultaneously. It is determined that from the point of view of students, today not only printed versions of Newspapers, traditional radio, but even mass broadcast television are losing ground before the Internet as the most promising communication channel. Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in marketing research, economic Sciences, advertising psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue.
Rebuilding the concept of kaamilah sharia value added with the Qur'anic morals
Authors: Hasanah Naimatul , Triyuwono Iwan , Djamhuri Ali
Published: June 2021

This study aims to build the new concept of sharia value added. Value added is the main concept of measuring income to find out the performance of an entity. Meanwhile, the sharia value added is the economic, mental and spiritual value added. The kaamilah sharia value added with the Qur'anic morals is a construction of the value added concept. This study used a qualitative method with the type of literature study research, namely research in which data collection was carried out by collecting data from various literatures. The results of this study were the concept of kaamilah sharia value added with the Qur'anic morals, namely economic value added (in the form of money), mental and spiritual value added (in the form of altruistic sense, pleasure, brotherhood sense, justice, truth, honesty and trust, preserves nature, and the sense of God's presence) which is obtained, processed, and distributed in a halal manner and in which morals are attached as a vein in all aspects of life to carry out the mandate and responsibility of the intrinsic owner of property, namely God.
Well-being capital and government’s intervention to dam’s affected residents: Pak Mun Dam, Thailand
Authors: Chaiyamart Pattaraphongpan , Gartner William , Nelson Kristen
Published: June 2021

Government plays an important role as a well-being capital provider through policies, strategies, or even direct provision to local residents to improve their livelihoods. Pak Mun Dam is one of the most controversial dams in Thailand, and government intervention is needed to solve the issues the dam has created. This study tests the premise that government intervention will impact overall well-being only through structural means by providing strategy and policies related to social and economic well-being. Government training programs and government services will impact over all well-being through social well-being. A satisfactory solution to the Pak Mun Dam situation will impact overall well-being through economic well-being. In this study a number of items, related to different well-being dimensions, were examined. The findings suggest that appropriate policy must address the four significant items which surfaced in the economic well-being measure and ten items in the social well-being dimension.
Demographic factors and turnover intentions of teachers in public secondary schools in Kenya
Authors: Kamau Onesmus , Muathe Stephen , Wainaina Lawrence
Published: June 2021

This study aims to investigate the effect of demographic factors on the turnover intentions of teachers in public secondary schools in Murang’a county Kenya. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: To investigate the association between age and education and turnover intentions; to establish the association between gender and turnover intentions; to determine the association between tenure and turnover intentions and to establish the association between educational level and turnover intentions. The study was guided by the Social exchange and Organization equilibrium theories.  This study was a cross-sectional study and adopted descriptive and explanatory research designs. The target population was 3752 Teachers Service Commission (TSC) teachers in 304 public secondary schools in Murang’a county Kenya.  The study thus used multi-stage random to select a sample size of 400 teachers and 40 schools. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data. Data were analyzed using cross-tabulation and Pearson Chi-square statistics.   The study findings indicated that age has a significant association with turnover intentions while employee tenure, gender, and educational level have no significant association with turnover intentions.
Garcinia fruit: in the forests and domestic orchards, the prevention of diseases of modernity
Authors: Farinazzi-Machado Flavia Maria Vasques , da Silva André Ribeiro
Published: June 2021

The genus Garcinia has many varieties of fruit trees, which are found in rural and urban backyards, tropical forests and domestic orchards of several tropical countries. Fruits have a great diversity of metabolites, among which phenolic compounds stand out for their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other effects, and which have a preventive action on diseases of modernity. This review aimed to associate studies on the metabolic activities of Garcinia fruits and their numerous effects on health risk factors, such as obesity, hyperglycemia, inflammatory processes and dyslipidemias. Scientific articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish were selected, which carried out studies involving the administration of Garcinia fruits in vitro and in vivo, mainly in the last five years. Sixty relevant articles were included in the study. Studies have shown that the Garcinia fruit species can be used in body weight control and prevention of cardiovascular disorders, cancer and diabetes mellitus, among other diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Analysis of genetic diversity among different Rose (Rosa) genotypes using morphological and molecular markers (ISSR)
Authors: Raina Ravisha , Grewal Anita
Published: June 2021

Rose is a woody perennial of the genus Rosa within the family Rosaceae. In this study, phylogenetic relationship among seven different genotypes of Rose (Rosa) was determined using ISSR primers and morphological parameters. DNA was isolated using CTAB method with 0.5% of CTAB concentration. Out of 50 ISSR primers, 16 primers gave reproducible banding pattern with all the seven genotypes of Rose while others failed to produce polymorphism. A total of 108 bands were obtained with an average polymorphism of 54.69% and an average of 9.06 bands per primer. The average similarity was found to be 0.69 among all the seven genotypes using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient. On basis of polymorphism cluster analysis divided them into two major groups separating one genotype (light pink) from rest of the six genotypes and principle coordinate analysis confirmed the results. A parallel correlation was found between the morphological parameter (flower diameter) and the results of ISSR analysis as both of them divided the seven genotypes into two main groups.
A CONCEPT OF A MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING SYSTEM IN TOURISM, USING MODELS OF SYSTEM DYNAMICS
Authors: Jere Lazanski Tadeja , Kljajić Miroljub , Škraba Andrej
Published: June 2021

Tourism is a type of inter-organisational system with global and local properties. Problems are defined softly and phenomena are uncertain. There are demands for fast and integrated decisions for guest satisfaction as service users and tourism organisations as service providers. There are many different methodologies and methods that master softly structured problems. Here one encounters methods of systems dynamics and systems thinking. These tools were first brought into force in the educational and training area in the form of different computer simulations and later as tools for decision-making and organisational re-engineering. System dynamics models are essentially simple and can serve only as describers of the activity of basic mutual influences among variables. Attention will be paid to the methodology for parameter model values determination and the so-called mental model, which is the basis of causal connections among model variables. Thus, a connection between qualitative and quantitative models will be restored.
CROATIAN BALANCE OF PAYMENT AND TOURISM
Authors: Blažević Branko , Jelušić Adriana
Published: June 2021

External balance is one of the most important goal of the macroeconomic policy for every country. Because of the need for continuing monitoring and analysing of the world economy, there is instrument of balance of payment that use all countries. In the balance of payment there are services and special methodology for collection of income and outcome of tourism. The goal of this paper is to present the methodology of balance of payment with special interest for tourism. Tourism is important activity for external balance in many countries, and this is present for Croatian economy.
M.I.C.E. - SUCCESS FACTORS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Dörfler Christian
Published: June 2021

M.I.C.E economy (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, Event) in Europe plays an important role in the earnings of the hotel industries. Convention guests are favorites of regional managers, as their daily spending greatly exceeds that of holiday guests. A growing number of enterprises, ranging from convention hotels to various event agencies, are striving to gain a footing in this market. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive conceptual definition for the various types of events. It also provides a detailed analysis of the situation of the European and Austrian markets with regard to the Croatian tourist industry.
STUDY RESULTS REGARDING THE IMPLEMENTATION LEVEL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS IN THE ACCOUNTING OF TOURIST ASSOCIATIONS IN THE DESTINATION
Authors: Peršić Milena , Šale Majda
Published: June 2021

The tourist association of the destination represents the fundamental cell within the system of tourist organizations in Croatia, headed by the Tourist Association of Croatia. The task of the association is to create, promote and coordinate the activities linked to the identity, context and quality of the tourist offer of the destination. As the managements of tourist association need to be well-informed in order to make the proper decisions, a survey was carried out regarding the implementation level of information technology systems in accounting. The survey was carried out using questionnaires that were sent to 82 of the largest tourist associations of the cities, municipalities, towns and islands of the following counties: Istria, Primorsko- goranska, Licko-Senjska, Zadarska, Sibensko-Kninska. Splitsko-Dalmatinska, Dubrovacko-Neretvanska, Krapinsko-Zagorska, Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska, Koprivnicko-Krizevacka and the Zagreb County. Answered questionnaires were returned by 42 tourist associations, which constitutes more than 50% of the selected sample, making it a representative sample. The results of the study indicate the need to improve the quality of accounting based information. This calls for the need of making adjustments in the data preparation methods and sources, primarily in the sphere of internal accounting. Also stronger connections are required with other sources of information. Methodologically, this should be coordinated through the phases of planning, controlling and reporting.
THE EVALUATION OF QUESTIONNAIRES BY SURVEY RESPONDENTS-MANAGERS IN TOURISM
Authors: Brajdić Igor
Published: June 2021

Polling by questionnaires is the most frequent, and sometimes the only research instrument used for both scientific and professional analyses of social trends. The polling questionnaire is often an indispensable measurement tool used to obtain input for various analyses, the majority of which have a statistical character. The quality of research based on polling using a questionnaire depends on a range of factors, one of the most significant being the relation of the respondent towards polling questionnaires. This relation is important, as the questionnaire is most often used as a means of investigating an individual's attitude or opinion regarding a given issue. The study of management features in tourism holds a significant place in social studies. The empirical study carried out explored the attitude of managers in Croatian tourism towards questionnaires, both from the viewpoint of frequency of receipt and completion, and from the viewpoint of evaluating the quality of the questionnaire. Although the study has shown that the majority of managers do not consider polling by questionnaire to be a very effective instrument of research, the frequency and accuracy of fulfilling questionnaires reveals nevertheless that it is widely accepted.
LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION: LEADER AS A MOTIVATOR AND AS A MOTIVATED ONE
Authors: Mihailović Dobrivoje , Kovačević Ivana
Published: June 2021

The problem of leadership is a complex and dynamic system of influences and consequences where motivation has an important place in its ambiguous role. Consequently, leader finds himself in the ambiguous role, as an “object” of motivation and as its “subject”. Having in mind that the leadership process consists of leader, followers and their interactions, we can speak about motivation of the leaders for leading and motivation of followers for following. This specific interaction has its own rules that should be discovered.
Cannabinoid receptor type 2 gene is associated with comorbidity of schizophrenia and cannabis dependence and fatty acid amide hydrolase gene is associated with cannabis dependence in the Spanish population
Authors: Arias Horcajadas Francisco , Dávila Piriz José Ramón , Parra González Alba , Sánchez Romero Sergio , Sánchez-Morla Eva , Ampuero Sánchez Israel , Ramos Atance José Antonio
Published: June 2021

The endocannabinoid system has been associated with various psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia or addictive disorders. Recent studies have found that some polymorphisms in the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CNR2), cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CNR1) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) genes could play an important role as risk factors in the etiology of these diseases. We analysed different cannabinoid gene polimorphisms from non-substance using patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 379), schizophrenic patients with cannabis use disorders (n = 124), cannabis users who did not have psychoses (n = 71), and 316 controls from various Spanish hospitals and health centres. We found a statistical association between polymorphisms rs35761398 and rs12744386 in the CNR2 gene and comorbidity of schizophrenia and cannabis dependence, as well as an association between loss of heterozygosity (overdominance) for polymorphism rs324420 in the FAAH gene and cannabis dependence in a Spanish population sample. The rs35761398 and rs12744386 polymorphisms in the CNR2 gene are genetic risk factors for schizophrenia in cannabis-dependent subjects. Loss of heterozygosity for polymorphism rs324420 in the FAAH gene is a genetic risk factor for cannabis dependence in this population.
A novel expressed prostatic secretion (EPS)-urine metabolomic signature for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer
Authors: Drago Denise , Andolfo Annapaola , Mosca Ettore , Orro Alessandro , Nocera Luigi , Cucchiara Vito , Bellone Matteo , Montorsi Francesco , Briganti Alberto
Published: June 2021

Objective: Significant efforts are currently being made to identify novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and risk stratification of prostate cancer (PCa). Metabolomics can be a very useful approach in biomarker discovery because metabolites are an important read-out of the disease when characterized in biological samples. We aimed to determine a metabolomic signature which can accurately distinguish men with clinically significant PCa from those affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: We first performed untargeted metabolomics using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry on expressed prostatic secretion urine (EPS-urine) from 25 patients affected by BPH and 25 men with clinically significant PCa (defined as Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4). Diagnosis was histologically confirmed after surgical treatment. The EPS-urine metabolomic approach was then applied to a larger, prospective cohort of 92 consecutive patients undergoing multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for clinical suspicion of PCa prior to biopsy. Results: We established a novel metabolomic signature capable of accurately distinguishing PCa from benign tissue. A metabolomic signature was associated with clinically significant PCa in all subgroups of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) classification (100% and 89.13% of accuracy when the PI-RADS was in range of 1–2 and 4–5, respectively, and 87.50% in the more critical cases when the PI-RADS was 3). Conclusions: A combination of metabolites and clinical variables can effectively help in identifying PCa patients that might be overlooked by current imaging technologies. Metabolites from EPS-urine should help in defining the diagnostic pathway of PCa, thus improving PCa detection and decreasing the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies.
Axial Canal Regulates the Processes of Coral Branching and Calcareous Transportation in Acropora
Authors: Li Yixin , Han Tingyu , He Chunpeng , Lu Zuhong
Published: June 2021

In Acropora, the complex canals in a coral colony connect all polyps into a holistic network to collaborate in performing biological processes, while axial canal is the largest canal amongst the network and distributes at the center of a coral branch. However, previous studies indicated that, in the non-radial symmetry transport system of Acropora, axial canal do not play a major role in the transport of hydroplasm, and the action of axial canal in coral growth is still obscure. In this study, we reconstructed six Acropora muricata samples by high resolution micro-computed tomography to investigate the growth patterns of axial canals during the processes of new branch forming and truncated branch rebuilding. We found that the axial canal of a new branch is transformed from a calice and the polyps in the new branch are budded from the polyp in the axial canal. Meanwhile, the axial canal can transport the calcareous skeletons to rebuild the tip of a truncated branch, which represents as the change in the diameter of axial canal and calcareous deposition/reduction in it. This work indicate the regulation of axial canal in the growth processes including budding, branching, and mineralising of an Acropora colony.
Beta-elimination of Hyaluronate by Red King Crab Hyaluronidase
Authors: Sliadovskii Dmitrii , Ponomareva Tatyana , Molchanov Maxim , Pozdnyakova-Filatova Irina , Timchenko Maria , Gusev Oleg , Sogorin Evgeny
Published: June 2021

Crustacean hyaluronidases are 1 poorly understood both in terms of their enzymatic properties and in terms of their structural features. In this work, we have shown that the hepatopancreas homogenate of the red king crab has a hyaluronidase activity that is an order of magnitude higher than its commercial counterpart. Zymography revealed the hyaluronidase activity of the protein roughly from40 to 50 kDa relative to the molecular marker used in electrophoresis. Analysis of the hepatopancreas transcriptome revealed a hyaluronidase sequence with an expected molecular weight of 42.5 kDa. It turned out that the reaction of cleavage of hyaluronate in the presence of a homogenate proceeds by the mechanism of b-elimination, which is well known for bacterial hyaluronidases. Thus, a new hyaluronidase of higher eukaryotes was found and described, which is not integrated into the modern classification of hyaluronidases.
Analizing The Importance of Character Education for Millennial Generations in The Digital Era
Authors: Eka Rima , Pandin Moses
Published: June 2021

Character education is essential for the current millennial generation and must be applied in everyday life in the surrounding community. The character of the millennial generation is different from the previous generation, which requires us to pay more attention to character education which is starting to erode along with the times. The Millennial generation is a generation that in everyday life can never be separated from science and technology. In this digital era, the millennial generation has a social function of strength in technology. In this study, there are research questions that will be discussed in this article, namely the first regarding what problems occur in the millennial generation who occupy the digital era?. Second, what is the important role and influence of the digital era on character education for the millennial generation in Indonesia?. Writing this article uses a qualitative research method, namely a literature review study, where researchers use or look for references from journals or books. Samples of respondents were taken randomly from each region, and there were ten respondents. From this research, it is found that the millennial generation in the digital era chooses to use social media to access the latest news and information rather than reading print media that contains education. This article aims to find out the importance of character education for the millennial generation, which is starting to erode with the times in the digital era. Many people underestimate character education, especially for the current millennial generation. Therefore, we must implement educational programs at any level, especially in Indonesia, because the character shows the national identity. This article will discuss the vital role and influence of character education for millennials who live in the digital era to be aware of the importance of character education in citizenship.
Improving the Quality of Life of Paralyzed Dogs and Cats Using Some Devices to Maintain the Anatomical Standing Position
Authors: Henea Madalina Elena , Burtan Liviu Cătălin , Șindilar Eusebiu Viorel , Mihai Iuliana , Grecu Mariana , Solcan Carmen , Solcan Gheorghe
Published: June 2021

Paralyzed patients have always been ideal candidates for physiotherapy due to their body's inability to recover on its own. Regardless of the cause that led to the onset of paralysis (whether localized or generalized), physiotherapy helps these patients with devices and methods designed to restore their proper functioning of the body, as well as quality of life. Obtaining the standing position is the main stage in the therapeutic process, being the indispensable element for the entire protocol. The present study focused on the devices we developed over time, adapting them for each patient, depending on the degree of damage they presented and the possible associated pathologies. At the same time, we wanted these devices to be available for any therapist or even owner, being made of common materials, easy to find, but also affordable.
Intersections between Pneumonia, Lowered Oxygen Saturation Percentage and Immune Activation Mediate Depression, Anxiety and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome-like Symptoms due to COVID-19: A Nomothetic Network Approach
Authors: Al-Jassas Hawraa , Al-Hakeim Hussein , Maes Michael
Published: June 2021

Background: COVID-19 is associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms including increased depressive, anxiety and chronic fatigue-syndrome (CFS)-like physiosomatic (previously known as psychosomatic) symptoms.Aims: To delineate the associations between affective and CFS-like symptoms in COVID-19 and chest CT-scan anomalies (CCTAs), oxygen saturation (SpO2), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), albumin, calcium, magnesium, soluble angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2) and soluble advanced glycation products (sRAGEs).Method: The above biomarkers were assessed in 60 COVID-19 patients and 30 heathy controls who had measurements of the Hamilton Depression (HDRS) and Anxiety (HAM-A) and the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue (FF) Rating Scales. Results: Partial Least Squares-SEM analysis showed that reliable latent vectors could be extracted from a) key depressive and anxiety and physiosomatic symptoms (the physio-affective or PA-core), b) IL-6, IL-10, CRP, albumin, calcium, and sRAGEs (the immune response core); and c) different CCTAs (including ground glass opacities, consolidation, and crazy paving) and lowered SpO2% (lung lesions). PLS showed that 70.0% of the variance in the PA-core was explained by the regression on the immune response and lung lesions latent vectors. Moreover, one common “infection-immune-inflammatory (III) core” underpins pneumonia-associated CCTAs, lowered SpO2 and immune activation, and this III core explains 70% of the variance in the PA core, and a relevant part of the variance in melancholia, insomnia, and neurocognitive symptoms.Discussion: Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection is accompanied by lung lesions and lowered SpO2 which both may cause activated immune-inflammatory pathways, which mediate the effects of the former on the PA-core and other neuropsychiatric symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The Concept of Networked Distributed Engine Control System of Future Air Vehicles
Authors: Slyusar Vadym
Published: June 2021

This report is considered different aspects of the concept of the networked distributed engine control system (DECS) of future air vehicles. These aspects include the following: the structure of multiple networks similar to NATO Generic Vehicle Architecture (NGVA), the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in DECS, and the use Augmented Reality (AR) as Human-Machine Interface between AI and pilots. Deployment of AI solutions for monitoring equipment in on-board infrastructure can be provided on physical or virtual servers and in the clouds. In this case, it is possible to use various methods of alerting the pilot and ground personnel on the basis of AR. The use of AI allows covering an unlimited set of scenarios, to provide an assessment of the likelihood of equipment failure, classification alarm is normal, and recognition of the development of defects. To collect Big Data from sensors and the pre-processing of this data before a machine learning (ML) procedure it is proposed to form data sets with the help of the face-splitting matrix product. To decrease the time of reaction of Neural Networks it has been suggested the implementation of advanced tensor-matrix theory on the basis of penetrating face product of matrices. Other important results of the report are a possible version of the AR data format for DECS and a proposal about the use of non-orthogonal frequency discrete multiplexing (N-OFDM) signals to data transfer via fibre optics.
Parallel Outbreaks of Deadly Pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, H5N8, EVD, Black fungi) around the World in 2021: Priorities for Achieving Control with Socio-Economic and Public Health Impact
Authors: Khan Afroza , Ema Nayeema Talukde , Rakhi Nadira Naznin , Saha Otun , Rahaman Md. Mizanur
Published: June 2021

Concurrent waves of Coronavirus disease, Ebola virus disease, avian influenza A and black fungus are jeopardizing the lives in some parts of Africa and Asia. From this point of view, this review aims to summarize both socio-economic and public health implications of these parallel outbreaks along with their best possible management approaches. Various online databases were used to collect the necessary information regarding these outbreaks. Based on the reports published and analyses done so far, the long-lasting damages caused by these simultaneous outbreaks on global socio-economical and public health status can be conceived from the past experiences of outbreaks, especially the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, prolonged restrictions by the local government may lead to food insecurity, global recession, and an enormous impact on the mental health of people of all ages, specifically in developing countries. Such overwhelming effects already have been reported to be declining national growth of the economy as well as increasing political insecurity and shortage of basic needs. Although various actions have already been taken including vaccination, clinical management, and further research, social distancing, and lockdown, etc. to improve the situation, the emerging variants and associated genetic mutations may make the containment difficult worsening the situation again. Considering the current mutational dynamics of the pathogens and the past experiences, perpetual preparedness along with updated clinical management backed by epidemiological studies and innovating scientific effort are inevitable to combat the simultaneous waves of multiple infectious diseases.
Design of Experimental Approach Biosensor for the Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometry Method for Determination of Thiamine in Biological Samples and Tablet Formulation
Authors: Sharma Hemraj , Sapkota Hari Prasad , Aryal Sushant , Dangi Nim Bahadur , BATIHA Gaber El-Saber , Koirala Niranjan
Published: June 2021

UV-Visible spectroscopy method has been developed for the analysis of Thiamine in biological and pharmaceutical product, based on a chromogenic derivatizing reaction using PDAB (P- dimethyl amino benzaldehyde) reagent. A Central Composite Design (CCD) design with response surface methodology was executed for optimization of experimental conditions of drug with a smaller number of experimental trials. Three independent factors, the concentration of PDAB, the volume of PDAB reagent, and volume of HCl, were used to construct a mathematical model and study the effects of these independent factors on responses as absorbance. The colored complex exhibits a Red shift with absorption maximum λmax at 425 nm, which was selected as the analytical wavelength. The drug seems to be linear, which was established via the regression analysis from 5-30 μgmL-1, with an R2 value of 0.998.The % RSD for intraday and interday precision was < 2%, with good recovery ranging from 95.02 to 101.43% with biological and pharmaceutical samples. LOD and LOQ of the developed method were found to be 1.51 μg mL-1 and 4.57 μg mL-1.This method can be used in routine analysis of pharmaceutical products containing aromatic primary amines along with an estimation of biological samples like urine, blood, sweat, faeces.
AT Homopolymer Strings as a Motif for Self-Recognition and Repair of Genomes in Salmonella enterica Subspecies I
Authors: Guard Jean , Rivers Adam R , Vaughn Justin N , Rothrock, Jr Michael J , Oladeinde Adelumola , Shah Devendra H
Published: June 2021

Adenine and thymine homopolymer strings of at least 8 nucleotides (AT 8+mers) were charac-terized in Salmonella enterica subspecies I and other Eubacteria. Incidence of the motif differed between Eubacteria but not between Salmonella enterica serotypes. Of 481 AT 8+mers loci in serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, and Gallinarum, 35 (12.3%) had mutations. We propose that the AT 8+mer motif identifies genomes with optimal gene content and provides self-recognition that facilitates efficient genome repair. A theory that genome regeneration accounts for both serovar diversity and persistence of predominant Salmonella serovars associated provides a new framework for investigating root causes of foodborne illness.