bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Judging Emotions as Good or Bad: Individual Differences and Associations with Psychological Health
Authors: Willroth Emily C , Young Gerald , Tamir Maya , Mauss Iris
Published: January 2023

People differ in their initial emotional responses to events, and we are beginning to understand these responses and their pervasive implications for psychological health. However, people also differ in how they think about and react to their initial emotions (i.e., emotion judgments). In turn, how people judge their emotions – as predominantly positive or negative – may have crucial implications for psychological health. Across five MTurk and undergraduate samples collected between 2017 and 2022 (total N=1,647), we investigated the nature of habitual emotion judgments (Aim 1) and their associations with psychological health (Aim 2). In Aim 1, we found four distinct habitual emotion judgments that differ according to the valence of the judgment (positive or negative) and the valence of the emotion being judged (positive or negative). Individual differences in habitual emotion judgments were moderately stable across time and were associated with, but not redundant with, conceptually related constructs (e.g., affect valuation, emotion preferences, stress mindsets, meta emotions) and broader traits (i.e., extraversion, neuroticism, trait emotions). In Aim 2, positive judgments of positive emotions were uniquely associated with better psychological health and negative judgments of negative emotions were uniquely associated with worse psychological health concurrently and prospectively, above and beyond the other types of emotion judgments, and above and beyond conceptually related constructs and broader traits. This research gives insight into how people judge their emotions, how these judgments relate to other emotion-related constructs, and their implications for psychological health.
Episodic learning-induced representational change is both influenced by and re-sculpts semantic memory
Authors: Walsh Catherine , Rissman Jesse
Published: January 2023

While semantic and episodic memory have been shown to influence each other, uncertainty remains as to how this interplay occurs. We introduce a novel behavioral representational similarity analysis approach to index how semantic space is re-sculpted by episodic learning. Eighty participants learned word pairs that varied in semantic relatedness and whose learning was bolstered via either testing or restudying. Next-day recall was superior for semantically related pairs, but there was a larger benefit of testing for unrelated pairs. Critically, representations of cue words in semantically related pairs were drawn asymmetrically towards their targets, while cue and target representations in unrelated pairs were drawn together symmetrically. Testing additionally repelled semantic representations away from normative semantic space moreso than restudying. Taken together, we show that episodic learning can induce distortions of semantic space to improve later recall by making cues more predictive of targets, reducing interference from potential lures, and establishing elaborative links within pairs.
The Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic Made People Feel Threatened, but had a Limited Impact on Political Attitudes in the United States
Authors: Brandt Mark John , Vallabha Shree , Turner-Zwinkels Felicity Mary
Published: January 2023

We investigated if the COVID-19 pandemic’s onset caused changes in political attitudes. Influential theories predict that the pandemic’s onset will cause people to adopt more conservative attitudes, more culturally conservative attitudes, or more extreme attitudes. We comprehensively tested the external validity of these predictions by estimating the causal effect of the pandemic’s onset on 84 political attitudes and 8 perceived threats using fine-grained repeated cross-sectional data (Study 1, N = 232,684) and panel data (Study 2, N = 552) collected in the United States. Although the pandemic’s onset caused feelings of threat, the onset only caused limited attitude change (6 conservative shifts, 4 extremity shifts, 12 liberal shifts, 62 no change). Prominent theories of threat and politics did not make accurate predictions for this major societal threat. Our results highlight the necessity of testing psychological theories’ predictive powers in real life circumstances.
Parents' views and experiences of the Home Mathematics Environment: A cross-country study
Authors: Simms Victoria , Cahoon Abbie , Estevez Nancy , Benavides Pando Elia Verónica , Jiménez Lira Carolina , García Daniela Paz , Campver Yanet
Published: January 2023

Updated post peer review. Early mathematical skills predict later educational achievement, employment opportunities, and broader health outcomes (Davies-Keane et al., 2020; Duncan et al., 2007; Williams, 2003). Some research suggests that school-entry mathematical skills are better predictors for later academic achievement in mathematics, reading and science than reading skills at school entry (Claessens & Engel, 2013; Napoli & Purpura, 2018). Furthermore, family contexts, not schools, have been identified as a major source of inequality in student performance (Butterworth, 2005). Yet, research on early mathematical experiences outside of the school context is only beginning to expand (e.g., Chernyak, 2020; Hart et al., 2016; Skwarchuk et al., 2014; Purpura et al., 2020) with most of the mathematical development research having focused on cognitive aspects of development (Cragg & Gilmore, 2014; LeFevre et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2014) or school interventions (Arnold et al., 2002; Clement & Samara, 2008; Cohrssen & Niklas, 2019). Attention has now turned to the influence of the home mathematics environment (HME) on the development of individual competencies (i.e., mathematical abilities such as ordering, cardinality etc.; Anders et al., 2012; LeFevre et al., 2010).
Should I Sample or Should I Go? An approximately optimal model for deciding when to stop sampling information
Authors: Turkakin Esin , Verguts Tom , Desender Kobe , Lesage Elise
Published: January 2023

People are often faced with decisions for which they need to sample noisy information from the environment. Sequential sampling models provide valuable insight into how people navigate such decisions, but the actual sampling process usually remains a black box. We propose a computationally light linear model that can elucidate what factors people use during this sampling process, and whether they are optimal in doing so. We simulated agents using our model on expanded judgement tasks with different error cost (Study 1) and sampling cost (Study 2) scenarios to determine the optimal strategies in each condition. We then tested human participants in these scenarios to see if they behave optimally and if our model could capture their sampling decisions. We found that our model fit human data well and that people could shift their sampling strategy in an optimal direction when the cost of making an error changed. When sampling cost was manipulated, however, we observed a non-optimal shift in sampling strategy. This study contributes novel insights into the effects of symmetrically manipulated cost, as well as the optimality and use of dynamic decision boundaries.
Effectiveness of Mobile Learning in Enhancing Saudi English Majors’ Skills in Learning Vowels
Authors: Khalil Safaa Moustafa
Published: January 2023

Learning Phonetics, particularly the transcription of the vowel sounds, is one of the challenges that non-native English majors face. It can be best learned using images and videos as supplementary materials in the phonetics class in addition to the teacher’s live demonstration. Mobile pronunciation applications encompass all these features and provide an affordable and accessible resource for learning. The present study investigates the effect of using a pronunciation application on non-native Saudi students majoring in English at Majmaah University. The study provides insights on how mobile learning can be an effective tool for both English instructors and learners in teaching and learning vowels. A Pretest–posttest design was adopted in the present case study and descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied. The results indicated that short vowels are more challenging to the learners than long vowels and diphthongs. Findings also revealed that there is a significant difference between the learners’ performance before and after using the application which indicated the positive effect of using it in developing non-native learners’ skills in learning Phonetics.
The Influence of Product Gender on Frequency of Code-switching in Online Advertisements: A Study on the Saudi Digital Marketing Platform Maroof
Authors: Almoaily Mohammad
Published: January 2023

Code-switching can be a successful marketing strategy in online advertisements even when the targeted audience is monolingual. Yet, little research was conducted on its frequency or attitudes towards it, especially in the Middle Eastern context. Additionally, most current research on code-switching is on bilingual communities. Such gaps in the literature contribute to the significance of the current study. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to investigate whether gender is a factor influencing both the frequency and the preferences of code-switching in online written advertisements listed on Maroof, a Saudi governmental platform for verifying local online shops. Two questions were formulated to determine if code-switching frequency in advertisements for male and female products is statistically different and to check whether the targeted recipients have different code-choice preferences depending on the gender for which the product is made. A textual analysis and an online questionnaire were employed to answer these research questions. Fifty randomly selected online shops containing products for women were compared with fifty other shops advertising men’s products. The advertisements were mostly Arabic monolingual for both groups (82% in men’s products and 76% in women’s products). However, the group of women’s products had a significantly higher frequency of code-switching, with a p-value of 0.46. A questionnaire completed by 936 Saudi respondents revealed that English monolingual advertisements are favored by a considerable number of respondents, despite their complete absence in the sampled advertisements. The questionnaire also revealed that code-switching preferences seem to be influenced by linguistic constraints.
Active Learning through a Task-Based ESP Syllabus for Algerian Archaeology Students
Authors: Cherifu Nassima Hamza , ELACHACHI Hafida HAMZAOUI-
Published: January 2023

Learning the English language is essential for archaeologists as they need to be good at communicating with an extensive range of audiences. This paper aims to design an English for Specific Purposes syllabus since there is no appropriate English syllabus that fits students’ needs in the field, the researcher looked for the English language needs and the ESP syllabus that would respond to the students’ requirements. This study employed a case study of seven Archaeology Master One students at Tlemcen University (Algeria) to investigate this research . First, these students’ needs were identified and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively through a questionnaire and three structured interviews. The findings in this research permit the researcher to suggest an English course with appropriate syllabus and adequate tasks. The results revealed that in terms of learning needs, archaeology students were highly motivated to learn English, yet they lacked self-confidence. Regarding the target needs, archaeology students needed to develop the four language skills and required to complete appropriate English language tasks to achieve communicative purposes. Therefore, the researcher suggested task-based ESP syllabus to answer students’ English language needs in the field.
Semantic scope of Indus inscriptions comprising taxation, trade and craft licensing, commodity control and access control: archaeological and script-internal evidence
Authors: Ansumali Mukhopadhyay Bahata
Published: January 2023

This article studies the semantic scope of the yet undeciphered Indus inscriptions, which are mostly found on tiny seals, sealings, and tablets. Building on previous structural analyses, which reveal that Indus script was semasiographic or logographic in nature, this study analyses the combinatorial patterns of Indus script signs, and the geographical distribution of the inscriptions, to establish that the inscriptions did not encode any proper noun, such as anthroponyms, toponyms, or names of specific organizations. Analysing various archaeological contexts of the inscribed objects —e.g., seals are found concentrated near city gates (e.g., Harappa), craft-workshops (e.g., Chanhu-daro), and public buildings (e.g., Mohenjo-daro), often along with standardized Indus weights which were used for taxation; sealings were attached to various storage containers and locking systems of “warehouse” chambers as indicated by their reverse side impressions (e.g., the Lothal “warehouse” sealings); inscribed sealing-pendants of Kanmer are conjectured to be passports/gate-passes by archaeologists; seals with identical inscriptions are often found from distant settlements — this study claims that the inscribed stamp-seals were used for enforcing certain rules involving taxation, trade/craft control, commodity-control and access control. Considering typological and functional differences between the seals and tablets, and analysing certain numerical and metrological notations ( , , ) typically found at the reverse-sides of many multi-sided tablets whose obverse-sides contain seal-like inscriptions, this study argues that such tablets were possibly trade/craft/commodity specific licenses issued to tax-collectors, traders, and artisans. These reverse-side tablet-inscriptions possibly encoded certain standardized license-fees for three popular license-slabs, whereas their obverse sides specified the commercial activities licensed to the tablet-bearers. These seals/tablets were possibly issued by certain merchant-guilds or artisan-guilds, and city-based or territorial governments, who collaborated in the integration phase of IVC, to standardize certain taxation-rules and trade-regulations across settlements. The seals/tablet iconographies might have been the emblems of the guilds, rulers, or governing bodies.
The Relationship between Code-switching and the Level of Language Proficiency in the Second Language of Saudi Female Students
Authors: Aldalbahy Kholood Khalid
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the relationship between code-switching and language proficiency. The study also attempted to explain how Saudi bilingual female students view code-switching in relation to language proficiency and deficiency. A questionnaire and an elicited production task were used to collect data. A sample size of 24 Saudi female students from the English department at King Saud University participated in the questionnaire. In addition, six Saudi female students from the same department were taken for the purpose of carrying out the task. The collected data was analyzed by using percentages, a content analysis technique, and a simple frequency count. Findings and results indicated that there is a correlation between the type of code-switching and language proficiency. The results also revealed that the frequency of code-switching was not related to the level of language proficiency of participants. Positive attitudes towards using code-switching were found among the participants. Based on the results, it could be concluded that code-switching is not a sign of language incompetency. Instead, code-switching is a tool that the majority of participants preferred while speaking with bilinguals.
Verbal and Visuospatial Working Memory in Arabic-English Female Bilinguals: Is There an Advantage?
Authors: Alazzaz Lubna Abdullah , Almutrafi Fatimah
Published: January 2023

This study sheds light on the effect of bilingualism on working memory performance. It aims to investigate whether bilingual speakers have an advantage over monolingual speakers in performing visual-spatial working memory tasks. The present study attempts to be a contribution to the discussion of how working memory performance is affected by bilingualism. It tries to find out whether Arabic-English bilingual speakers have advantages over Arabic monolingual speakers in performing visual-spatial working memory tasks. Two experiments were conducted to test the working memory performance of bilinguals and monolinguals by using verbal and non-verbal tasks. The two measures were completed online; the non-verbal measure involved a picture memorization task, whereas the verbal measure involved word retrieval. Eighty female college students voluntarily participated in the study. Half were Arabic-English bilinguals, and the other half were Arabic monolinguals. Both groups were divided into two subgroups; half performed a non-verbal working memory task, and the other half participated in a verbal working memory task. The results showed no advantages for bilinguals in the picture memorization task. However, a bilingual advantage was found in the verbal working memory task in which bilingual speakers performed better in word retrieval compared to monolingual speakers. The findings indicate a positive effect of bilingualism on working memory performance, particularly in the visual-spatial component.
Genre-Based Analysis of Selected Political Debates: A Discourse Analysis Study
Authors: Issa Muruj Basim , Abbas Nawal Fadhil
Published: January 2023

The researchers of the present study have conducted a genre analysis of two political debates between American presidential nominees in the 2016 and 2020 elections. The current study seeks to analyze the cognitive construction of political debates to evaluate the typical moves and strategies politicians use to express their communicative intentions and to reveal the language manifestations of those moves and strategies. To achieve the study’s aims, the researchers adopt Bhatia’s (1993) framework of cognitive construction supported by van Emeren’s (2010) pragma-dialectic framework. The study demonstrates that both presidents adhere to this genre structuring to further their political agendas. For a positive and promising image, presidents focus on highlighting domestic and international issues to reflect leadership. On the other hand, highlighting controversies and defense strategies appear to be prominent in debate in consensus with the contemplative nature of this genre. Discoursal devices like polarized lexicalization and actor description are vital in orienting the controversies and influence with the aid of in-group pronouns, representative speech acts, and national/self-glorification.
Formation of Cross-cultural Competence of Prospective English Teachers
Authors: Bakum Zinaida , Tkachivska Mariya , Palchykova Oleksandra , Dyrda Iryna , Kostiuk Svitlana
Published: January 2023

The article substantiates the importance of forming prospective English teachers’ cross-cultural competence. Nowadays, education focuses on cooperation and establishing cross-cultural relations between the representatives of diverse cultural societies. Therefore, it concentrates on forming a personality capable of absorbing and reproducing verbal and non-verbal information during dialogical communication with foreign negotiators. This paper aims to validate the category “cross-cultural competence of a prospective English teacher,” develop its structure and experimentally verify its effectiveness. The study establishes that cross-cultural competence covers linguistic, sociocultural, activity, and axiologically-emotive components. The authors used the following theoretical research methods: analysis of philosophical, lingua didactic literature and scientific studies, synthesis, comparison, concretization; empiric methods: questionnaire-diagnostic (survey, testing, summative assessment, interview); analysis of speech activity products (spoken replies); lecture attendance and analysis; pedagogical experiment; methods of statistical treatment and experimental results analysis. The research on the training peculiarities of future English teachers based on cross-cultural grounds allowed us to conclude that the experimentally-verified methodology is effective. The practical data analysis points out the rise of forming cross-cultural competence levels in the experimental group. The reason is the cultural enrichment of linguistic material and the revelation of contrastive aspects.
Trade policy and sustainability
Authors: Uehara Thiago Kanashiro , O'Reilly Kate
Published: January 2023

Please refer to https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/2f9da. This article analyses the scope and overall direction of the World Trade Organization and the International Fair-Trade Charter to examine contrasting trade-related institutions with regards to sustainable development. Many institutions have addressed sustainable development in commercial or trade affairs. However, we found that trade-related institutions and frameworks have relied on narrow or obsolete conceptualizations of sustainability, and that equity and sustainability remains marginal or slotted into regimes of exception. In this paper, we combine our knowledge of Sustainability Sciences, Economics, Law, and Development Studies to articulate a principled approach to trade and public policy, which serves to inform debates on civilization transitions required for true sustainability, fairness, planetary health, and a revamped set of global goals that reposition trade in societal formation.
Visual materials of Valeriy N. Chernetsov in the museum collection of Tomsk State University
Authors: Berezovskaya Sofia , Kosheliuk Natalia
Published: January 2023

The article presents an overview of the visual heritage of V.N. Chernetsov, a recognized specialist in the field of Ob-Ugric ethnography. A special place in the structure of the archive named after the researcher, stored at the MAES TSU, is occupied by sketches of the vogul ornament, characterized by a wide variety - animalistic, geometric, symbolic and others.
Dire le réel à travers l’archive : le rapport de la raison graphique à la vérité
Authors: Thollet Maxence Aurélien Julien
Published: January 2023

L’écriture est une « nouvelle mesure de la vérité, une nouvelle conception de l’archive a émergé » déclare Jack Goody. L’article remet en question cette représentation de la raison graphique dans la constitution de la vérité à l’aune du glissement de la société vers une gestionarisation par l’informatique. L’information graphique permet la conception de nouveaux régimes de vérité dans une dimension toujours politique et la logique de l’archive tend à disparaître au gré du développement d’une informatique davantage communicante promouvant une mémoire synchronique. Saurons-nous discerner à travers les traces numériques qui nous sont parvenues, l’information authentique et fiable, celle qui fait sens derrière l’électronasse ?
It's a matter of interest. How adolescents’ gender, social class, and vocational interests prevent the fit between their vocational interests and occupational aspirations.
Authors: Stuth Stefan
Published: January 2023

It is important for adolescents’ future well-being, job satisfaction, and job performance to aspire to occupations that fit their vocational interests. The reason why adolescents do not achieve such a fit might not lie alone in anticipated labor-market barriers or their school achievement but also in their vocational interests. Based on Gottfredson’s (1981) theory on the circumscription of occupational aspirations, I test whether there are vocational interests for which circumscription processes do not leave adolescents with a selection of acceptable occupations they can aspire to that also fit their vocational interests. Descriptive analyses based on the German Microcensus provide information on occupations primary RIASEC code based on Holland (1997) and their gender composition and social class (socio-economic status and educational composition). These analyses show that adolescents with realistic and investigative interests should seldomly be able to aspire to occupations that simultaneously conform to all three aspects of their self-concept, which consists of their gender, social class, and their vocational interests. In such cases the youngest element of the self-concept should be abandoned – the vocational interests. Using a sample of adolescents who were in upper secondary schools, I run a series of logistic regressions that confirmed this assumption.
E-Learning for English Language Teaching in Higher Education Institutions in Saudi Arabia during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Albatti Hamood
Published: January 2023

The study’s main aim is to examine E-Learning for English Language Teaching in Higher Education Institutions in Saudi Arabia during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The significance of the study is to investigate the level of adoption of e-learning for English Language teaching and practice, the impacts of the adoption of e-learning for English Language teaching and training, challenges associated with the adoption of e-learning for English Language teaching and practice, and the future of the use of e-learning for English Language teaching and practice in Higher Education Institutions in Saudi Arabia. The study’s central question is what are the impacts and challenges of E-Learning for English Language Teaching in Higher Education Institutions in Saudi Arabia during the Covid-19 Pandemic? The study used the semi-structured interview to obtain data from six English language lecturers in Saudi Arabia Universities selected using purposive and convenient sampling techniques. The data obtained were analyzed thematically. The study concluded that e-learning is the future of theoretical and practical courses such as English language teaching and practice in Higher Educational Institutions. This technology usage will benefit everyone involved; Higher Educational Institutions can save money and time while encouraging creativity. The study recommended that students and staff should be trained and re-trained on how to use digital technologies. Education institutions and government agencies should support students with computers and adequate software.
Dark Money and Voter Learning
Authors: Schnakenberg Keith , Schumock Collin , Turner Ian R
Published: January 2023

We provide a model of dark money in elections. An ideologically extreme donor with private information about candidate ideology and quality can advertise on behalf of a candidate. Advertising reveals information about candidate quality to voters, who can learn from either donor-funded or neutral advertising. Voters update negatively about candidate ideology when ads are known to be donor-funded. Dark money suppresses source information and allows donors to advertise candidate quality while simultaneously concealing the ideological motivations behind ad funding. However, dark money leads voters to become skeptical of all advertising, which can disadvantage donors.
Investigating Teachers of English Knowledge and Awareness of Dyslexia: A case study in Primary Iraqi Schools
Authors: MOHAMMAD ZENA ABDULAMEER
Published: January 2023

Dyslexia is a learning disability in which people face difficulty reading though they are intelligent and have motivation for reading. Therefore; it impacts the portion of the brain responsible for processing language. Such a condition compromises the learning efficiency of the affected person, which generally gets unnoticed. Even affected children are unaware of their state. The study investigates the knowledge and awareness of dyslexia among teachers of English in Iraqi primary schools. this study has three objectives: (i) To investigate the amount of awareness and knowledge among the primary school teachers of English in Baghdad City about dyslexia.; (ii) To examine how English teachers’ awareness of dyslexia is affected by their age, gender, grade level, length of service, and academic background; and (iii) To determine whether there is a connection between teachers’ total knowledge score and their knowledge and confidence level rating. An exploratory approach was adopted to collect and analyze the data. This study was carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic when very few schools were open and working in online mode with no physical attendance. A total of 34 EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers from governmental and private primary schools in Baghdad – Iraq, were assigned to the survey through online random sampling. The results pertained to the following characteristics: the participants’ demographic data, exploring teachers’ knowledge and awareness regarding dyslexia, and teachers’ observation of dyslexia. Findings revealed that most teachers have little experience but a considerable grasp of the learning disorder. Inductive training is highly recommended for teachers of English to promote their early knowledge and awareness of dyslexia and to support dyslexic children to overcome their difficulties in learning.
The Effect of Online Interaction via Microsoft Teams Private Chat on Enhancing the Communicative Competence of Introverted Students
Authors: Binu P.M.
Published: January 2023

The history of language education has witnessed the emergence of various approaches and methods to circumvent learning difficulties. Some of them were very effective and continue to be popular, whereas others were short-lived and less effective. The latest trend is technology-enhanced language learning, which became necessary during the recent pandemic. As a result, various learning platforms were created and tested to enhance online education. Despite the apparent disadvantages of online learning, it has undoubtedly produced a positive impact on learning styles. A notable change is the possibilities for individualised instruction and self-learning, which can provide additional support to introverted students. The major challenges introverted students face in second language acquisition are low self-esteem, lack of motivation and high anxiety. These negative attitudes often hinder successful language learning. However, one of the latest learning platforms, MS Teams Meeting, offers an additional feature for interaction known as Private Chat, which enables learners to communicate with their teachers and peers without disrupting the regular class. Besides, it helps students regulate the learning process according to their preferred time and pace and get extended one-on-one support from teachers. Moreover, this technology-based interactive tool facilitates asynchronous learning, thus enabling introverted students to overcome learning difficulties that act as affective filters and become independent learners. This small-scale experimental study shows that the use of Microsoft Private Chat for teacher-student interaction significantly contributes to the communicative competence of introverted students as it helps lower anxiety and boosts motivation and self-confidence.
A phylolinguistic classification of the Quechua language family
Authors: Blum Frederic , Barrientos Carlos , Ingunza Adriano , Poirier Zoe
Published: January 2023

We present a computational phylogeny for the internal classification of the Quechua language family. Based on a concept list of 150 lexical items, we manually analyzed data from 39 contemporaneous Quechua varieties for cognacy and computed a family tree using Bayesian phylogenetic methods. The results provide further evidence for the classification of individual varieties and compares the results to the existing hypotheses for the evolution of the Quechua language family.
Factors Influencing Researchers to Publish in Open-Access: Is it a Self-Decision or a Self-Reinforcing Cycle?
Authors: Hadad Shlomit , Aharony Noa
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe current study examined Israeli researchers from various disciplines concerning their perceptions, attitudes, and awareness of scientific publications in OA journals and repositories. Design/methodology/approachA survey instrument was developed and distributed to 202 Israeli researchers from universities, colleges, and research institutions. The study used the united theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model as a tool for mapping the factors known to influence researchers to publish in OA journals and repositories.FindingsThe empirical model confirmed the mediating effect of the association between researchers’ perceptions and the actual publishing in OA, through their behavioral intentions (BI). Furthermore, the BI are mediated by researchers’ self-decision to publish in OA. More specifically, a researcher’s publication level in OA depended not only on the positive attitudes, performance expectancy, and social influence mediated by BI, but also on conditions that support researchers who publish in OA, and disciplinary affiliation to STEM which lead the researcher to voluntarily publish in both green and gold OA. Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributed to the cumulative understanding of OA publishing by formulating and validating an empirical research model of acceptance and use.Practical implicationsThe implications of the findings for scientific publication theory and practices are discussed.Originality/valueThe study suggests an effective framework to understand the researcher’s final decision to publish in OA. This study’s results are an essential step towards the cumulative understanding of OA publicity adoption and use by researchers as a global issue in general and in Israeli academic institutions in particular.
The contribution of partnership contexts of births to cohort fertility rates
Authors: Andersson Linus
Published: January 2023

Partnering behavior is central to understanding fertility. Influential concepts, including singlehood, serial monogamy, and multiple-partner fertility, are frequently used to analyze the interplay between partnering and fertility at the individual level. However, these frameworks are also evoked to understand population-level patterns. One fundamental population-level pattern for gauging the relationship between partnerships and childbearing, we argue, is the enumeration of fertility as the sum of births under various partnership conditions. Surprisingly, demographers rarely measure and have not yet a clear picture of the extent to which childbearing in different partnership contexts contributes to completed fertility. We analyze Finnish register data to decompose the cohort fertility rate (CFR) into births from eight partner contexts, in conjunction with three dimensions: union status, union order, and reproductive partner order. Somewhat contrary to discourse of partnering in the Nordics, we conclude that births within first unions to first reproductive partners account for two-thirds of CFR. Births in higher-order unions to first reproductive partners account for one-fifth. Single births and births with higher-order reproductive partners have a modest impact. This ranking holds across sex and educational level, with substantive relative differences. We argue that these descriptions provide an additional perspective to appraise childbearing and partnering dynamics.
The Effectiveness of Using Advertisements to Enhance Pragmatic Language Skills among EFL Learners
Authors: Alenazi Maryumah H.
Published: January 2023

Pragmatics, a rarely explored area in language teaching, offers the necessary competencies for an understanding and interpretation of the meaning beyond words. The current study aimed to identify the effectiveness of using advertisements in language teaching to enhance students’ pragmatic language skills by exploring their opinions and observing their progress. A descriptive-analytical research method was implemented and the researcher made use of a questionnaire consisting of 14 items to generate the participants views about the effect of advertising in the Department of Languages and Translation, Northern Border University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, to explore the use of advertisements as a tool to enhance the pragmatic language skills of 70 female first-year English as a foreign language student studying language skills. All aspects of this research led us to the usefulness of advertisement in EFL classroom teaching. This study results proved that advertisements can be used as a promising instructional approach with maximum possibilities to enhance the English Language Development and the development of Pragmatic skills. The research recommended paying much attention to the value of advertisement in the teaching and learning process.
Male Students’ Perceptions of Being Taught by Female Teachers under the Backdrop of Saudi Cultures and Traditions in ESL Classrooms
Authors: Abduljawad Samah
Published: January 2023

The study aims to investigate the perceptions of male students of being taught by female English Second Language (ESL) teachers and examine the efficiency of instructors in teaching English to male students under the restrictions of Saudi customs. Teaching male students of the opposite gender to whom they have not been exposed to prepared before in Saudi Arabia might have an impact on their feelings which may deter them from learning ESL successfully. Therefore, the study aims to answer the main research question; what are the male students’ perceptions of being taught by female ESL teachers in Saudi Arabia? The researcher employed a mixed-method design: A quantitative method, which consists of an ESL test and a 20-item questionnaire, which were distributed among ninety male students in Saudi Arabia to determine their language competence and feelings towards the opposite gender, and a qualitative method, which consists of semi-structured interviews with six ESL teachers and six learners. The study highlights the fact; although teaching male students to females in Saudi Arabia has slightly an impact on their feelings, such as feeling shy and not accepting of them, it does not negatively affect the learning of a second language. However, the efficiency of teaching ESL is the most considerable from the student’s perspective. The outcome of the study can essentially contribute to the development of learning ESL in the Saudi context; it demonstrates some barriers that female ESL teachers face in male classes and highlights some strategies to help female teachers easily interact with male students.
Students’ and Instructors’ Attitudes and Perceptions towards Native and Non-native EFL Teachers in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Shay Kamal , Osam Necdet
Published: January 2023

English has evolved into an internationally-used language due to the increase in the number of its learners. With the growing demand for English learing, over the last 30 years, the topic of Native English-Speaking Teachers and Non-Native English-Speaking Teachers has become a topic of debate. Thus, the purpose of the current mixed method study was to find out students’ and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards NESTs and NNESTs in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Since students’ and teachers’ attitudes and perceptions have not been explored about this issue, this study might benefit learners, teachers, stakeholders, and recruiters. In the study, student questionnaires and teacher interviews were administered to answer the following research question: What are students’ and instructors’ perceptions and attitudes towards NESTs and NNESTs, and what strengths and weaknesses do they identify about NESTs and NNESTs? The participants were 345 university students, and 24 EFL teachers. The quantitative data obtained from the student questionnaire were analyzed through SPSS V. 25, and the qualitative data from the teacher interviews were analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings revealed that the students prefer NESTs over NNESTs. However, they also showed positive attitudes towards NNESTs. Similarly, the teachers believed that NESTs and NNESTs have their positives and negatives. The NESTs were preferred for being fluent, natural speakers, and being better at colloquial language. In contrast, NNESTs were thought to excel at having a stronger connection with students, being sympathetic, and understanding students’ needs and difficulties.
Democracia y acuerdos de libre comercio: Una relación más de mercado que democracia
Authors: Cuevas Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo evalúa la pertinencia de considerar el desarrollo democrático con base en la profundidad que alcanzan los acuerdos comerciales. Esta idea, que se revisa a partir de la actualización de categorías analíticas sustentadas por la teoría de la paz democrática, muestra que, si bien los resultados confirmarían este tipo de argumentaciones, tienden a relevar como factor explicativo en el nivel de profundidad alcanzado por un acuerdo comercial, la presencia de capítulos que liberalizan marcos regulatorios y en particular factores contextuales como las décadas de 1990 y 2000. Se utilizó información actualizada sobre 692 acuerdos de libre comercio firmados entre 1948 y 2021 junto con regresiones lineales con ajustes de efectos intervinientes y de estructuras multinivel.
Exploring the Impact of Utilizing Weblogs Platform Technology to Enhance Translation Female Students’ Written Translation Performance at King Khalid University
Authors: Alhaj Ali Albashir Mohammed , Albahiri Mohammed H.
Published: January 2023

In the contemporary information era, we enjoy many innovations and advancements in the domain of digital technology and informatics are manifest. The weblog is one of the innovations that help students find chances to practice written translation outside the lecture hall. Over recent years the facet and the aspect of teaching translation in tertiary and college education have changed. In the knowledge era, the traditional lecture method of teaching translation has been replaced by web 2.0 technology such as weblogs. The current research paper mainly purports to extrapolate the perceptions of written translations of female students toward the effect of utilizing the weblog technology to enhance their written translation performance and to evidence the merits of employing the weblog in translation learning and practice. The critical significance of this study is how perceived weblogs’ effects on improving written translation performance. The main question of this study is: what type of perceptions do translation students have towards the impact of utilizing weblog technology to enhance their written translation performance? Moreover, to accomplish the objective of the study, the two researchers used a descriptive research method. Information gathering was collected by a questionnaire of fifteen items based on a four-point Likert Scale. Fifty students were selected randomly from King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia, majoring in translation. The study evinces that female students of written translation have a positive attitude toward applying weblogs in registered translation classes. The study also shows that there is development in translation for female students’ written translation performance to translate innovatively and artistically. It has been found that utilizing the weblog technology in written translation has many merits. For example, selected translation female students’ translation performance is enhanced,and collaborative learning of written translation is boosted. Based on the findings, the study recommended utilizing the weblog platform in written translation merging it with in-person instruction, i.e., in-person besides synchronous and asynchronous, affected female students’ written translation performance.
MAKNA DASAR DAN MAKNA RELASIONAL PADA KATA AL-BALAD DALAM AL-QUR’AN: KAJIAN SEMANTIK TOSHIHIKO IZUTSU
Authors: Taqiyudin Muh , Supardi Supardi , Huda Ade Nailul
Published: January 2023

Tulisan ini mencoba untuk menelusuri makna al-Balad  dalam al-Qur’an. Kata al-Balad adalah salah satu kosakata dalam Al-Qur’an yang penting untuk dikaji maknanya. Al-Balad yang sering diterjemahkan dengan negeri, negara, tanah, kota, dan wilayah hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa keberadaan balad bagi suatu masyarakat sangat penting bagi keberlangsungan kehidupan dan kesejakteraan suatu masyarakat. Salah satu teori tentang penggalian makna kosakata Al-Qur’an adalah teori semantika yang ditawarkan oleh Toshihiko Izutsu. Salah satu prinsip dari semantik Izutsu adalah pencarian makna dasar dan makna relasional. Jadi, dengan prinsip ini, diharapkan mampu mengungkap penggunaan makna al-balad dan variasi makna serta penggunaanya di dalam al-Qur’an. Tulisan ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan sumber rujukan kitab kamus mufradat al-Qur’an seperti Mu’jam Mufahras li Ma’ani al-Qur’an dan kitab-kitab tafsir seperti Al-Tafsir al-Bayani li al-Qur’an al-Karim. Peneleitian ini menghasilkan bahwa kata al-Balad dan derivasinya tersebar dalam al-Qur’an terulang sembilan belas kali, baik di dalam periode makkah maupun madinah. Terdapat tiga makna dari penggunaan al-balad, yaitu negeri Makkah, negeri secara umum yang dapat disifati baik atau buruk dan dalam bentuk jamak yang berarti negeri-negeri
New Banking Products in the Sphere of Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pryazhentseva E. S. , Chernysheva M. A.
Published: January 2023

General aspects which relate to intensive use of artificial intelligence in banking sector are discussed in this article. Main advantages and risks of implementation of digital products in the practical activities of banks are also indicated. Furthermore, the influence of digitalization and modernization of existing products on this process is shown. The main examples of successful replacement of the previously used programs and methods of work with innovative modern technologies are highlighted.
BEARING CAPACITY OF HINGELESS CIRCULAR ARCHES MADE OF CONCRETE AND FIBER CONCRETE UNDER HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
Authors: Surianinov M. H.  , Neutov S. F.  , Soroka M. M.  , Kirichenko D. O.  , Chuchmai O. M.
Published: January 2023

The authors presented a numerical and experimental study of the bearing capacity of circular concrete and fiber concrete arches The authors made a stand to determine the bearing capacity of arches models under hydrostatic pressure. The hingeless arches were made of C16/20 concrete; one arch was made of unreinforced concrete, and the second arch had 1% steel anchor fiber added to the mix. ANSYS software was used for computer modeling and numerical analysis by the finite element method. When testing the concrete arch, the breaking load was 710 kN, and when testing the fiber concrete arch, it was 810 kN, that is, the bearing capacity of the fiber concrete arch determined experimentally was 1.13 times higher. The results of experimental and numerical investigations agree well with each other and with the results of theoretical calculations. Comparison of normal stresses in the experiment determined at strain gauge points with their theoretical values gives a maximum discrepancy of 9.6 % for the concrete arch and 9.2 % for the fiber concrete one. It is recommended to increase the load-bearing capacity of the structure by means of a more uniform dispersed reinforcement of the arch.