bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing aberrant response pattern in mathematics achievement test
Authors: Opesemowo Titilope Rachael
Published: December 2024

This study examined the prevalence of aberrant response patterns in mathematics achievement tests among secondary school students in Southwestern Nigeria. The study used a multi-stage sampling technique to select 1800 Senior Secondary School students for its survey research sample. From the six states in Southwestern Nigeria, three states, one senatorial district, and three Local Government Areas were selected from each state using a simple random sampling technique. Using a stratified sampling technique, four secondary schools, and fifty senior secondary school students were selected. The mathematics achievement test was used to collect data for the study. Data collected were analyzed using MATLAB to compute aberrance indices and SPSS. The results showed that there is a high prevalence of aberrant response patterns with W* (x ̅ = 2.07, sd = 1.71) had a lower value of mean and standard deviation than the B* (x ̅= 3.61, sd = 3.34). The study also revealed that there was a significant difference between the aberrant and non-aberrant students for W* (t =-13.91, df =1693, p<0.05) and B* (t = -14.79, df =1693, p< 0.05). The study further revealed that sex (p-value= 0.026, R-squared= 0.003, Adjusted R-squared=0.002), age (p-value = 0.035, R-squared = 0.001, Adjusted R-squared= 0.001), and school type (p-value= 0.044, R-squared= 0.004, Adjusted R-squared= 0.003) have significant effects on students’ aberrant response pattern. The study concluded that there is a high prevalence of aberrant response patterns among secondary school students in Southwestern Nigeria
What drives citizens’ dissatisfaction with the police when crime is reported? A survey of Mthatha policing precinct in South Africa
Authors: Mbewu Ithandile , Obioha Emeka E , Mugari Ishmael
Published: December 2024

Citizens’ satisfaction with the police has a significant influence on their crime reporting behavior. This study explored the citizens’ dissatisfaction with the South African Police Service (SAPS) after reporting crime in the Mthatha policing precinct of the Eastern Cape Province. A total of 120 respondents were invited to participate in the study through stratified random sampling technique. Quantitative methodology was adopted, wherein a closed-ended questionnaire was used to gather data from the respondents. An analysis of the data gathered was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to reveal descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that citizens’ dissatisfaction with the police emanates from the discriminatory manner, in which the police treat citizens, failure to follow procedure and unfair treatment during contact with citizens. A regression analysis on the impact of the socio-demographic variables on citizens’ dissatisfaction with the police revealed the location of the respondents, socio-economic status and religion as significant predictors of citizens’ dissatisfaction with the police. In order to improve citizens’ satisfaction with the police, the study recommends strict adherence to the procedural justice theory. There is also a need for fairness and unbiased treatment of citizens, coupled with respect, courtesy and observance of citizens’ fundamental human rights
MANDİBULA ANTERİOR BÖLGEDEKİ İZOLE DİŞETİ ÇEKİLMESİNİN PINHOLE CERRAHİ TEKNİĞİ VE LATERAL TÜNEL TEKNİĞİ KOMBİNASYONUYLA TEDAVİSİ: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: Akbudak Merve , Özçelik Nihal , Çolak Resül
Published: December 2024

Öz
Diş eti çekilmesi, diş eti kenarının apikal yönde migrasyonu sonucu, kök yüzeyinin açığa çıkmasına neden olur. Diş eti çekilmesi tedavisine karar vermeden önce etiyolojik faktörleri belirlemek önemlidir. Etiyolojisi kesin olmamakla beraber, çene arkı içindeki diş konumu, kemik kaybı, alveoler mukoza kalınlığı, yanlış diş fırçalama, hatalı diş ipi kullanımı, ortodontik tedavi ve periodontal hastalık dahil olmak üzere birçok faktörden oluşabilir. Tedavi planlamasındaki öncelik diş eti çekilmesine neden olan etkenleri elimine etmek olmalıdır. Diş eti çekilmesi estetik bir komplikasyon olmanın yanı sıra diş hassasiyetine de neden olduğundan birden fazla prosedür mevcut diş eti çekilmelerinin tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Minimal invaziv cerrahinin kullanıma sunulmasıyla birlikte, diş eti çekilmesini tedavi etmek için önerilen çeşitli teknikler hasta morbiditesini en aza indirmeyi, cerrahi sonuçları ve hasta konforunu en üst düzeye çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Olgu sunumu derin ve izole diş eti çekilmesi bulunan alt keser dişin minimal invaziv yaklaşım ile tedavisini içermektedir. Çekilme bölgesi Lateral Tünel Tekniği (LTT) ve Pinhole Cerrahi Tekniği (PST) kombinasyonu bağ dokusu greftiyle birlikte tedavi edildi. Operasyon sonrası kısa dönemde % 75 oranında kök kapanması elde edilip alt anterior bölgede yapışık diş eti genişliğinde artış görüldü. Mevcut vaka raporu, derin ve izole diş eti çekilmesinin tedavisinde iki minimal invaziv tekniğin kombine edilmesiyle elde edilen estetik ve periodontal başarıyı vurgulamaktadır.
Evaluation of Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Jaw: A Case Series with Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images
Authors:   Deparment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kirikkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, 71450 Kirikkale, Turkey, Aydogdu Merve , Ertas Gulsah ,   Deparment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kirikkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, 71450 Kirikkale, Turkey, Adisen Mehmet Zahit ,   Deparment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kirikkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, 71450 Kirikkale, Turkey
Published: December 2024

Fibro-osseous lesions (FOLs) of the jaws are a group of lesions characterized by the replacement of normal bone by fibrous tissue. In this study, four cases of FOLs with different characteristics will be evaluated with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Focal osseous dysplasia and florid osseous dysplasia were incidentally detected in patients and diagnosed based on clinical and radiographic features. In cases of fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma, patients applied to with complaints of swelling in the jaws. The wide spreads of the pathologies were determined by CBCT images and the diagnosis was made by histopathological examination. While two-dimensional conventional imaging is sufficient for asymptomatic and small-sized cases, CBCT is necessary for large lesions to assess their relations with surrounding tissues. It is important to interpret the CBCT images of these lesions correctly and to bring the cases with various clinical, radiographic and demographic features into the literature.
Differential Gene Expression Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Sequencing Data from Male Patients with and without Lymph Node Metastasis in Tongue Cancer
Authors:   Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 652 Nguyen Trai, Ward 11, District 5, 749000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Huynh Nam C-N , Pham Anh Lan ,   Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 652 Nguyen Trai, Ward 11, District 5, 749000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Pham Nguyen V-T ,   Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 652 Nguyen Trai, Ward 11, District 5, 749000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Phuong H-N ,   Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 652 Nguyen Trai, Ward 11, District 5, 749000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

Gene expression plays a crucial role in progression, invasion, and metastasis in many groups of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Based on extensive patient data, no research has been done so far on the differences in gene expression between groups of male patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma who drink alcohol and those who do not, about lymph node metastasis. Our study analysed differential gene expression in male patients with and without lymph node metastasis in tongue cancer, utilising messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program. Analysis was performed using R and bioinformatics tools to process mRNA sequencing data, compare differential gene expression, and examine functional signaling pathways and survival analysis. After screening the database, 38 out of 74 cases with metastasis were selected for the analysis. The computational analysis identified a significant increase in cancer invasion transcription factors, such as GATA2, SP1 and MYC in the metastatic group, whereas CREB1 was more associated with the nonmetastatic group. Functional analysis suggested new prognostic biomarkers for unfavourable outcomes (TRIML2 and EXOSC4) and favourable outcomes (HS3ST4 and SFTPA1). New suggested markers for oral and tongue cancer such as TRIML2, EXOSC4 are known for their role in non-oral cancer including lung and liver cancer. Especially head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) survival analysis and protein atlas investigation confirmed the indirect biological roles of found markers. The study indicates that TRIML2 and EXOSC4 could serve as biological markers for predicting lymph node metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma among male patients who consume alcohol. These findings suggest that gene expression profiles may play a role in the progression and metastasis of tongue cancer. Further research is needed to validate these results and to develop targeted therapies for patients with tongue cancer.
Advertising the Tooth: An Analysis of Content and Compliance of Malaysian Dental Clinics’ Facebook and Instagram Posts
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Zakaria Nor Nadia , Ong Violette XinHui ,   Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Peh Wei Ying ,   General Dental Practitioner, Chan Dental Clinic, 43300 Selangor, Malaysia, Holden Alexander C L ,   The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Surry Hills NSW 2010, Australia, Kamarudin Yasmin ,   Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2024

Social media has quickly become a popular method for dental clinics to advertise their services broadly and economically. Information disseminated to the public via social media must conform to guidelines set by local regulatory bodies. This study aimed to investigate the types of Facebook and Instagram posts produced by dental practices in Malaysia and their compliance with guidelines set by the Malaysian Dental Council (MDC). This was a cross-sectional analysis of Facebook and Instagram posts by private dental clinics in Malaysia. Data were extracted from posts uploaded over a six-month period between 1st October 2021 and 1st April 2022. Information available, frequency of posts and type of posts were recorded. Each post was then categorised as being compliant or non-compliant mapping to the MDC guidelines. Data was tabulated to generate descriptive statistics with frequency tables. In total, 243 accounts (11,780 posts) were analysed. The most common types of posts were advertisements. Although only 15% of posts were noncompliant, more than half of the investigated social media accounts had one or more noncompliant posts on their platform. Majority of dental clinics are posting advertisements or clinical photos but not all posts are compliant with MDC guidelines.
Influence of Upper Incisor Inclination on Smiling Profile Aesthetics in Skeletal Class III
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Punyaardhansakun Wipawee , Jearanai Tanapat ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Samruajbenjakun Bancha ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Chanmanee Pannapat ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to assess the influence of upper incisor inclinations on smiling profile aesthetics in skeletal Class III patients, considering the effects of skeletal simulations, the assessor’s expertise, and the assessor’s gender. A smiling profile photograph of a Thai female with normal skeletal, dental, and soft tissue features was digitally adjusted to represent 16 images with 4 skeletal simulations and 4 upper incisor inclinations. The number of assessors was 180, which included orthodontists, general dentists, and laypersons. They were asked to evaluate the smiling profile aesthetics of each image using a numerical rating scale. The aesthetic scores were analysed using a mixed between-within-subjects ANOVA (p < 0.05). The results showed that the interaction effect between orthodontic expertise and upper incisor inclinations was not observed in the skeletal Class III groups. Normal upper incisor inclination had the highest aesthetic score. Proclination of the upper incisors by 3° significantly decreases the aesthetic score, except in the skeletal Class III with prognathic mandible group. The assessor’s gender did not affect the aesthetics score of the smiling profile. In conclusion, upper incisor inclinations and skeletal simulations significantly influenced smiling profile aesthetics in the skeletal Class III simulations. The assessor’s expertise and gender did not affect the evaluations.
Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) Removable Partial Dentures: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Centre of Studies for Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdul Hamid Nor Faharina , Ahmad Rohana ,   Centre of Studies for Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia,   Integrative Pharmacogenomic Institute (iPromise), Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Ariffin Farha ,   Centre of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Shuib Solehudin ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: December 2024

This scoping review aims to comprehensively assess the existing evidence from both clinical and in vitro studies concerning removable partial dentures (RPD) made from poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) to identify current research gaps and enhance the understanding of PEEK’s viability as a material for RPD. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews was applied. A search was made using PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier’s Scopus, ProQuest and Springer Link databases for articles in the English language up to November 2023, focusing on case reports, clinical, and in vitro studies. A total of 33 studies were included in the analysis, which consisted of 4 case reports, 6 clinical studies, and 23 in vitro studies. Clinical studies predominantly examined patient satisfaction post-PEEK RPD insertion, framework accuracy, dimensional changes in residual ridges, and fungal/bacterial adhesion to PEEK. In vitro studies emphasised retentive force clasps (12 studies), accuracy and fitness (5 studies), material staining effects (3 studies), and diverse surface treatments (3 studies). The current body of evidence reveals a scarcity of clinical studies investigating PEEK as an RPD framework. In vitro studies primarily focused on assessing material retentive forces, with limited attention given to accuracy, surface treatment, and staining of denture base materials. Future research should address these gaps, exploring aspects such as adhesion and biofilm formation (e.g. Candida albicans) on RPD surfaces. Rigorous, well-designed clinical trials and expanded in vitro investigations are essential to establish PEEK RPD as definitive prostheses for partially edentulous patients.
Reflecting on Progress of the Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences: 2023–2024
Authors:   Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Ismail Siti Nor Qamariah , Abdullah Jafri Malin ,   Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: December 2024

This editorial reviews the Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences’ performance over 2023–2024, highlighting key achievements and challenges. It aims to provide a detailed analysis of the journal’s processes and identify areas for improvement.
ROLE OF HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1? IN LYMPH NODE METASTASIS OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Widowati Galuh
Published: December 2024

Background: Lymph node metastasis in breast cancer is a clinical parameter used to predict a patient’s prognosis. Lymph node metastasis is affected by numerous factors, one of which is hypoxic conditions that trigger the expression of HIF-1?, a transcription factor expressed by cells in hypoxia. To date, the role of HIF-1? in lymph node metastasis in breast cancer requires further research.
Objective: This review aimed to describe the possible role of HIF-1? in breast cancer lymph node metastasis.
Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles using Boolean operations with keywords related to HIF-1? expression and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. We have limited the 10 years of publication to be included in this review.
Results: HIF-1? has the potential to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix invasion, matrix degradation, and lymphangiogenesis through various target gene expression and signaling pathways, leading to lymph node metastasis of breast cancer cells.
An Analysis of Cohesive Devices in EFL Students' Essay Writing
Authors: Siregar Jumaini , Nurlela Nurlela , Zein T. Thyrhaya
Published: December 2024

Students need to be able to make effective use of cohesive devices in order to produce high-quality essays. This research aimed to investigate the use of cohesive devices in EFL studentsâ€™ essay writing in the 2nd Semester of the English Language Department at a State University in North Sumatera. The data sources of this research were essays and transcripts of interviews. The method used in this research was qualitative content analysis and case study. The model used in data analysis were frequency count and content analysis by applying interactive models such as data collection, data condensation, data display, and conclusion. The research finding showed that Reference (59%) was the predominant grammatical cohesive device used by EFL students in essay writing compared to other types. Meanwhile, Ellipsis (0.3%) was the lowest. Moreover, compared to lexical cohesive devices, EFL students used Repetition at the highest rate (89%) in their essay writing whereas the percentage of Hyponyms used was the lowest (0.3%), however, Meronyms did not appear in this research. Furthermore, the students had adequate knowledge to apply grammatical cohesive devices appropriately (990 data), as opposed to the incohesive use acquired (105 data). Whereas in terms of lexical cohesive devices, all the phrases are cohesive. In this regard, the reasons for incohesive writing by students are interference from their native language and overgeneralization whereas the interference of the learning context is not found in this study. In conclusion, the understanding of cohesive devices can improve and embellish the knowledge in building a good and true sentence. This is also useful in avoid students from writing inappropriate sentences. Therefore, English writing lecturers are expected to help students facing obstacles such as the use of cohesive devices by applying explicit teaching and increasing their performance in terms of cohesive devices in essay writing.
Unlocking Phonological Proficiency: Exploring Allophonic Variation Using ELSA Speak App in Early Semester EFL Students at Mulawarman University
Authors: Rusmawaty Desy , Limbong Effendi , Ahada Ichi , Hafizh M. Indra F. , Rahmatullah Achmad. N.
Published: December 2024

Phonological proficiency is crucial for language growth in current English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. The research aims to identify and analyze the proficiency of allophonic variations in students' phonetics using the advanced language learning tool ELSA Speak. It provides insights into their phonological development. This study employs a pre-experimental design methodology. A cohort of 31 EFL students from Mulawarman University participated in structured phonetic exercises using the ELSA Speak app around the beginning of the semester. Data was collected using pre-and post-tests, recording students' phonetic outputs, and entering detailed records of their engagement with the ELSA Speak app. The pre-experiment design enabled the evaluation of improvements in identifying allophonic variance and phonological competence before and after the intervention. The findings demonstrate a significant improvement in students' ability to detect and produce different variations of sounds, especially concerning allophones. The ELSA Speak app succeeded by offering immediate feedback, facilitating a more advanced understanding of phonetic distinctions. Based on the data, students demonstrated increased confidence and precision in their pronunciation, reassuring the students about the positive impact of the study. Additionally, they made significant progress in differentiating between challenging allophones for Indonesian and English. This study has highlighted the effective use of the ELSA Speak app in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) setting, establishing its value as a beneficial tool for teaching pronunciation. The empirical data on the effectiveness of digital tools in improving the phonological competence of EFL students in the early stages of the semester can inspire and motivate educators, researchers, and professionals in English language education and linguistics to integrate such tools into their teaching practices.
Gjuro Arnold i njegov udžbenik Psihologija za srednja učilišta iz 1916. godine
Authors: Skuhala Karasman Ivana
Published: December 2024

U ovom tekstu daje se pregled petog izdanja udžbenika Psihologija za srednja učilišta iz 1916. godine. Taj je udžbenik napisao hrvatski filozof, sveučilišni profesor, pedagog i književnik Gjuro Arnold (Ivanec, 1853. – Zagreb, 1941.). Udžbenik je, po nalogu visoke vlade, prvi put objavljen 1893. te potom još 1895., 1898., 1905., 1916., 1920. i 1923. godine. U udžbeniku je Arnold, kako je sam zapisao, sabrao iskustva koja je stekao kada je radio kao učitelj u “gimnaziji zagrebačkoj”. Udžbenik se, osim “Uvoda”, “Dodataka“ i “Literature”, sastoji od četiri dijela: “Pojave duši i tijelu zajedničke”, “Niže duševne tvorevine”, “Više duševne tvorevine” i “Pojave ljudske volje”. Iz popisa literature koji s nalazi na kraju udžbenika može se vidjeti da je Arnold bio upoznat s onodobnim kretanjima u psihologiji. U popisu, osim djela Wilhelma Wundta, navodi i djela sljedećih psihologa: Theodora Lippsa, Alfreda Bineta, Oswalda Külpea, Herberta Spencera, Édouarda Claparèdea, Gabriela Compayréa, Hansa Grossa, Bernarda Pereza, Williama Preyera i Williama Sterna. Ovaj udžbenik, koji je jedan je od prvih udžbenik za psihologiju u nas, dragocjeno je svjedočanstvo o promjenama koje su se početkom 20. stoljeća događale unutar psihologije, koja je tada još uvijek bila nova znanost te o tomu kako su se te promjene inkorporirale u obrazovni sustav na našem prostoru. U peto izdanje udžbenika Arnold je uveo neke novine i upotpunio neke paragrafe.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HYBRID LARVAE AND NYMPHS OF THE SHEEP (IXODES RICINUS L., 1758) AND TAIGA (IXODES PERSULCATUS SCH., 1930) TICKS (ACARI: IXODIDAE)
Authors: Grigoryeva Ludmila A. , Shatrov Andrey B. , Zaytseva Anastasya V.
Published: December 2024

The external morphology of the larvae and nymphs of the interspecific hybrids of the European forest and taiga ticks (Ixodes ricinus (L., 1758) and I. persulcatus Sch., 1930, respectively), taken from laboratory culture, was examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our article presents a comparative diagnosis of the hybrids and lists their differences from the parent species. Our analysis is based on the size and the number of marginal, premarginal and median setae on the dorsal body side; epimeral and adanal setae on the ventral body side in nymphs; and marginal setae in larvae. The ecological characteristics of the larvae and nymphs of the interspecific hybrids in the natural inserts were also observed. The results show that the lifespan of larvae F1 ♀ I. persulcatus × ♂ I. ricinus is 14–16 months, F1 ♀ I. ricinus × ♂ I. persulcatus—12–15 months; for the nymphs, the life expectancy in F1 ♀ I. persulcatus × ♂ I. ricinus is 14–16 months, F1 ♀ I. ricinus × ♂ I. persulcatus—12–15 months.
A. P. Chekhov’s The Duel and Three Sisters in the aspect of the author’s myth about a doctor-protagonist
Authors: Komarov Sergey A. , Shukst Nikita S.
Published: December 2024

Given the diversity of Chekhov’s characters, it seems to be of the utmost importance for scholarly reflection on the Russian literary experience to study the matter of Chekhov’s protagonists’ types in regards to the protagonist typology in the Russian classical works of the 19th c. The doctor-protagonist type has already been outlined in Chekhov studies, yet, its description is dominated by biographical and static aspects, unlike the problems of genesis, dynamics, and structure of this protagonist type in Chekhov’s works. This article examines the typological changes in the doctor-protagonist within Chekhov’s works of the 1890s–1900s, which provides a new look at the matter at hand. The authors analyze the conditions of including the doctor-protagonist type in the writer’s mythopoetic system; additionally, they investigate the transformation of the author’s doctor myth and the associated changes in this protagonist type’s structure, manifested at the emblematic and functional levels. This paper examines the novella The Duel through the prism of Friedrich Nietzsche’s sign system. The authors show the presence of Socratic protagonist type in the drama Three Sisters and the novella The Duel in connection with the doctor-protagonist, while describing the convergence mechanisms of these two types. Additionally, the authors explain the reasons for such mythopoetic constructions emerging in Chekhov’s works. The comparative analysis of the texts results in characterizing structural and moral changes of the protagonist type under consideration.
Modeling bending of wall panel multilayer structures
Authors: Yakubovskiy Yuriy E. , Donkova Irina A.
Published: December 2024

Precast-monolithic frame house building, use of stay-in-place formwork technology, improvement of concrete quality by means of additives and introduction of new materials are all innovations in the scope of high-rise construction. Thin wall panels formed by outer layers of structural steel sections and inner layers of concrete are used as structural elements of frame structures. The solution of structure elements strength problems is related to a stress-strain state analysis. Significant difficulties arise in calculation of structures having a complex geometric shape with different combinations of loads; such structures include thin wall composite systems. Reinforcing structural elements in composite plates and shells, such as stiffeners and rebars, makes the structure piecewise inhomogeneous. Constructive heterogeneity occurs in anchor connection of layers. Mathematical modeling of multilayer structures follows the methodo­logy of the composite plates and shells theory. The nonlinear straining mathematical model takes into account shear stresses in joints. The problem was solved as the force functions using trigonometric Fourier series. A composite structure formed by three plates with anchor connections of layers has been calculated. The outer layers are steel, and the material of the inner layer is concrete filler. The variation effect of the forces that fall on each individual anchor depending on the stiffness of the anchor connections has been studied. The stress-strain state of the steel-concrete structure has also been studied. The effects associated with variations in the stress state due to the relationship of the steps between the anchors in two orthogonal directions, or the number of anchor connections in the joints has been revealed. Anchor connections ensure compatibility of different layers of a composite construction, but there are problems of strength of the anchor due to shear forces in the anchor areas where the loads are concentrated.
Modernization of the hydrogen production unit by pressure swing adsorption to improve product quality
Authors: Ibragimova Anastasiya T.
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is a hydrogen production unit with methane steam reforming technology. The article discusses modern trends in the development of hydrogen technologies, methods of hydrogen production, and purification. The main problem in hydrogen production is insufficient purification of the product from contaminants — CO, CO2, and CH4. The authors propose a method for deep purification of hydrogen by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and the introduction of this technology to improve the whole unit. The results show that the method of methane steam reforming is an effective and cost-effective way to produce hydrogen, and the introduction of an adsorption unit significantly increases the purity of the hydrogen obtained to 99.9% mol. Meanwhile, the technical and economic analysis of the proposed option showed a positive net present value (NPV) in the amount of 45 conventional units, which indicates great potential for implementation. This study can be valuable for enterprises of hydrogen technologies development and for assessing the potential benefits of using PSA.
Mathematical model of free vibrations in above-ground pipelines sections transporting multiphase fluid
Authors: Cherentsov Dmitry A. , Pirogov Sergey P.
Published: December 2024

In construction areas with prevailing permafrost, above-ground pipeline installation is often used. Regulatory documents determine the span between supports; however, this value’s correction should be possible to account for the vortex excitation caused by the wind load. This paper proposes a method for finding the length of the section between supports depending on the wind load that causes vibrations of the pipeline. Its implementation requires determining the frequency of the external voltage. The article describes a coupling that allows one to determine the natural vibrations of above-ground pipelines, accounting at stationary flow conditions for the internal pressure and phase velocity of the pumped multiphase liquid. A mathematical model developed on the rod theory accounting for a transporting multiphase fluid is presented. A numerical solution was carried out using the Bubnov–Galerkin method, and enough members were found that require preservation in an approximate state.
Групповая идентичность населения Западно-Сибирского региона России: этнокультурный и региональный аспекты
Authors: Фарахутдинов Шамиль Фаритович , Клюева Вера Павловна
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена особенностям этноконфессиональной и региональной идентичности населения Тюменской области. Актуальность данного исследования связана с необходимостью иметь научно обоснованные представления об установках многонационального населения региона в условиях интенсификации миграционных процессов, нестабильной внутри- и внешнеполитической ситуации в стране. В работе анализируются результаты социологического опроса, реализованного авторами в мае-июле 2022 г. в Тюменской области. Эмпирический материал представлен в сопоставлении ответов на вопросы анкеты студентов и основного населения. Представлен анализ двух основных тематических блоков исследования. В первом, посвященном гражданской и региональной идентичности, рассмотрены такие аспекты, как ощущение общности с гражданами России, терминологические проявления этнических/политических аспектов этого самоощущения, а также консолидирующие факторы и их ценностная основа, территориальная специфика восприятия понятия «родина», важность региональной идентичности и «малой родины». Второй блок раскрывает вопросы, связанные с этнической идентичностью респондентов. Здесь рассмотрены такие аспекты, как этническая идентичность, факторы и оценка важности принадлежности к своему этносу, этнообъединяющие признаки, влияние этноса на различные сферы жизни, историческая память, межэтнические отношения и проявления бытового национализма. Частично затронуты языковые и конфессиональные аспекты. По результатам работы сделан вывод о положительной валентности этнической ценностно-нормативной структуры и отсутствии в межличностной коммуникации населения региона существенных преград, связанных со сложившимися моделями идентичности.
Экономическое поведение региональных сельхозпроизводителей сквозь призму финансового анализа
Authors: Данилова Елена Павловна , Худякова Юлия
Published: December 2024

В статье представлена модель поведения современного крестьянина, которая отражает долгосрочную институциональную ситуацию сельскохозяйственных организаций в контексте в целом положительной макродинамики агропромышленного комплекса последних двух десятилетий. Цель работы — анализ экономического поведения сельскохозяйственных организаций (СХО) в контексте регулирующих и конструирующих функций современных институтов, представляемых в двух стандартных форматах: через «неформальную социологическую призму» нарративов и практик и через «экономическую призму» бухгалтерской отчетности и финансовых показателей. Статья выполнена в традициях неоинституционального анализа в предметных областях экономики и социологии сельского хозяйства. Для изучения поведенческих характеристик СХО методологически применялись стандартные приемы экономического анализа параллельно с качественными методами социологического исследования. Как показало наше исследование, динамика различных по размерам СХО в целом гомогенна и постоянна. Институциональная формальная динамика нивелирует возможные отрицательные «непредвиденные последствия» тех или иных сильно рискованных неформальных действий руководителей СХО, просто «глупых» решений. Институциональная формальная динамика также воспроизводит рутины динамики занятости рабочей силы СХО и в итоге тем самым воспроизводит сельские территории «в прежнем виде». Авторы этой статьи склонны считать, что аналитика трудного различения ожидаемых и непредвиденных последствий приводит нас к простой научной метафоре: крестьянин всё делает рационально, не осознавая свой калькулятор в голове. Этому его учат практика СХО, практика его жизни и деятельности на селе и тот его «хабитус» (система установок на правильное действие), который не позволяет ему «пропасть бесцельно». Иными словами, люди на селе делают вывод о мотивах своего экономического поведения постфактум (post hoc), не обращая внимания на меню законных учётных записей, которые ему дают форматы долгосрочной бухгалтерской и финансовой отчётности. Особо подчеркнём, что для многих директоров СХО показанная им отчётность была «просто в диковинку», они о ней никогда и не думали, а просто делали своё дело.
Первые «Лапинские чтения» как продолжение традиций конференций проекта «Социокультурные портреты регионов России»
Authors: Когай Евгения Анатольевна , Ромашкина Гульнара Фатыховна
Published: December 2024

Данная статья освещает проведение и основные итоги первой конференции «Лапинские чтения», организованной 17-18 ноября 2022 г. в институте философии РАН совместно с Институтом социально-экономического развития территорий Вологодского научного центра РАН. Конференция стала идейным развитием более чем 20-летнего периода научных мероприятий участников программы «Проблемы социокультурной эволюции России и ее регионов», которые реализовывалась под руководством члена-корреспондента РАН, Н. И. Лапина. Актуальность обеспечена тематикой конференции «Консолидация российского общества в новых геополитических реалиях». Особую ценность представляет единая идейная и методологическая рамка теоретических и эмпирических исследований, проводимых в разных регионах России, позволяющая обобщать, опираясь на сравнительный анализ, предметно отвечать на злободневные вопросы. Среди таких вопросов выступали проблемы российского федерализма, взаимосвязи между понятиями локальности и цивилизации, возможности и препятствия для сохранения баланса федерального централизма и регионального (политического, экономического и социокультурного) разнообразия, принципиальном значении для настоящего времени идей всесубъектности и консолидации человеческого потенциала, на укрепление которого должна быть направлена духовная культура, важность обращения к отечественной философской мысли в поисках ответов на цивилизационные вызовы России. Основные результаты конференции включают направления будущих исследований участников программы, сформулированные задачи и проблемы, артикулированные также через потребность обновления инструментария сетевых социологических исследований.
Маркеры аудитории «облачных» сообществ на примере коммуникации пользователей в каналах «Телеграм»
Authors: Едаменко Елена Петровна , Головацкий Евгений Васильевич
Published: December 2024

В статье осуществляется попытка анализа масштаба распространения современной информации с помощью коммуникационных технологий. Рассматривается платформа Телеграм — мобильное приложение, которое работает по принципу «облачных» технологий. Исследователями изучаются возможности облачного Телеграм, с помощью которого создаются Телеграм-каналы, в которых публикуются новости о жизни общества. Выявляется аудитория пользователей мессенджера Телеграм, описываются маркеры участников облачного сообщества. Авторами уделяется внимание фальшивой информации, которая формируется и запускается целенаправленно для искаженного представления у пользователей интернета текущего положения дел в муниципалитетах, регионе и стране. Отмечается важность участия политических СМИ, органов власти в формировании достоверной новостной повестки. Ложная информация может приводить к процессам отчуждения в обществе, тревожным ожиданиям, к утрате социального оптимизма, запуску механизма деконструкции государственных структур и социальных связей. Перечисленные факторы, безусловно, негативно сказываются на социальной стабильности общества. Для представителей органов власти обозначается возможность использовать современные коммуникационные облачные технологии и их инструмент — мобильное приложение Телеграм. Авторами рассматриваются преимущества данной платформы. Внимание исследователей фокусируется на немодерируемых Телеграм-каналах, где зачастую отсутствуют какие-либо нормы по распространению новостного контента. У исследователей появились опасения, что на просторах данной площадки действуют и процветают экстремистские группы, особенно это актуально для текущей мировой ситуации. Авторы статьи рассматривают специфику широкой аудитории Телеграм и предлагают модераторам Телеграм-каналов адаптировать новостные ленты под запросы современных пользователей, для которых Телеграм образует облачное сообщество интернет-сервиса. В этой связи были рассмотрены региональные официальные Телеграм-каналы. Предполагается, что использование знаний специфики, потребностей и запросов аудитории Телеграм, поможет модераторам (в т.ч. органам власти) привлекать в свои Телеграм-каналы жителей региона, которые будут потреблять информацию из «первых рук». При написании статьи авторы использовали вторичный анализ исследований компаний: ВЦИОМ и Mediascope. С целью изучения аудитории облачного сообщества были рассмотрены пять крупных Телеграм-каналов регионального уровня: «А может: Кузбасс», «Инцидент Кузбасс», «Кузбасс сейчас», «Кемерово * Кемеровская область», «Новокузнецк * Кемеровская область».
Управление event-деятельностью в современном обществе
Authors: Кох Иван Адамович , Шелгинская Виктория Алексеевна
Published: December 2024

Пандемия коронавируса и последующие за ней события внешней и внутренней политики обусловили локальный кризис, с которым столкнулась сфера организации мероприятий в последние годы. Это стало бифуркационной точкой новых возможностей и дополнительных угроз, обусловленных ускорением процессов цифровизации всех сфер жизни, снижением экономических возможностей населения, рядом деструктивных социальных процессов. Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что, находясь в таких условиях, субъект управления event-деятельностью поставлен перед необходимостью выбора наиболее целесообразной в долгосрочной перспективе стратегии управления. Цель исследования состоит в определении оптимальной для устойчивого развития стратегии управления организацией, осуществляющей event-деятельность в малом и среднем масштабе. Был использован системный подход, включающий элементы теории социальной синергетики, позволяющий учесть социальные факторы в качестве элемента самоорганизации событийной системы. Также была использована модель И. Ансоффа для сравнительного анализа возможных стратегий, при этом каждой позиции традиционной матрицы были присвоены соответствующие значения элементов социально-синергетического подхода. Это позволило нам разработать расширенную матрицу И. Ансоффа с учетом социального фактора в качестве методологической основы исследования. Было установлено, что эффективной стратегией при учете фактора аудитории является стратегия непримиримости, которая подразумевает сохранение элементов традиционного подхода к организации мероприятий в очном формате. Это позволит event-деятельности дифференцироваться среди растущего сегмента сферы виртуального досуга, а также укрепить свои позиции в качестве феномена социокультурной среды. Однако, поскольку не все компании могут себе позволить сохранять принцип непримиримости в полной мере, сделан вывод, что включение онлайн технологий в организацию и цифровых программных решений в управление повысит гибкость организации в нестабильных условиях.
The Reduction of Post-harvest Losses is Crucial for a Successful Cassava Value Chain and Food Security in Africa
Authors: Vutula Noncedo
Published: December 2024

Introduction

This research paper examines the impact of post-harvest losses (PHLs) on the cassava value chain in Africa and provides potential methods to reduce post-harvest losses.

Methods

Cassava has the potential to address food insecurity and poverty in Africa. It can serve as a sustainable food source, animal feed, and an industrial product for manufacturing starch, alcohol, and fermented beverages. Cassava is highly perishable once harvested due to post-harvest physiological deterioration (PDD). PDD causes high post-harvest losses within 1-3 days of harvesting, making cassava unsuitable for consumption or trade.

Results

Previous studies showed that cassava has the potential to mitigate climate change and establish sustainable food systems in Africa. However, post-harvest losses in the cassava value chain remain a major challenge to food security in Africa.

Conclusion

Investing in post-harvest loss mechanisms can increase the shelf life of cassava yields and contribute towards food security.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Chronic Energy Deficiency among Adolescent Girls and Young Mothers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Sawadogo Pengdewendé Maurice , Ugwu Nebechukwu Henry , Phiri Million , Arnaldo Carlos
Published: December 2024

Background

Adolescent girls and young mothers (AGYM) have high nutritional needs, which puts them at risk of malnutrition. In particular, little is known about the prevalence and determinants of chronic energy deficiency (CED) of AGYM, which received less attention among researchers in sub-Saharan Africa.

Objective

The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence and associated factors of CED among AGYM in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods

Data from the latest demographic and health surveys in four countries were used for this study: Gabon, Kenya, Malawi and Nigeria. Chronic energy deficiency, the outcome variable referred to as Body Mass Index (BMI), is classified as underweight for AGYM, whose BMI is less than 18.5kg/m2 according to the global standards established by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) . Data analysis was done in three stages: descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable.

Results

The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency among AGYM was 7.2% in Malawi, 13.4% in Gabon, 14.9% in Kenya and 15.4% in Nigeria. The extent of chronic energy deficiency was particularly high among adolescent girls aged 15-19 in Gabon, AGYMs with no education in Nigeria and Kenya, and AGYMs from poor households in Nigeria, suggesting the necessity to provide systematic food rations to AGYMs of these specific groups. Finally, multivariable analysis shows that there are reduced odds of suffering from chronic energy deficiency among AGYM aged 20-24 years in Gabon and Kenya, compared with 15-19-year-olds. It is also revealed that education was negatively associated with chronic energy deficiency of AGYM in Nigeria and Kenya.

Conclusion

Mothers, particularly girls and young mothers, need more economic programmes to safeguard their reproductive rights through the promotion of nutritional information. This information is key for their nutritional protection, particularly for teenage girls (aged 15-19), the uneducated, and those living in poor households.
Analysis of Air Samples from the Cities of Mysuru and Madikeri
Authors: Marilingappa Jamuna , Servesh Anushka
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Air pollution is a major health hazard. This study aims to investigate
the concentration of the pollutants nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and respirable
Particulate Matter (PM10) generated from various sources like automobiles and industries
near the center of the cities in Mysuru and Madikeri.

Methods:

The major pollutants, as suggested by the Karnataka State Pollution Control
Board (KSPCB) in industrial areas include oxides of nitrogen (NOX), sulfur dioxide, and
respirable particulate matter (PM10). The concentration of these gases in the ambient air
was studied for about three months, from February to April 2017.

Results:

The results showed that the concentration of emissions of the above-cited gaseous
and suspended solid pollutants is higher than that of permissible concentrations as per
the standards provided by KSPCB for an industrial area.

Conclusion:

The major precautions can be taken to reduce the concentration level of these
pollutants.
Nanoparticle Carriers for Drug Delivery: An Updated Review
Authors: Hajipour Somayeh , Ghiasvand Alireza
Published: December 2024

The drug was initially administrated relying on pills, eye drops, ointments, and intravenous
solutions. In the last decades, several novel technologies have emerged to overcome significant
challenges including poor solubility, drug aggregation, low bioavailability, limited biodistribution,
poor absorption in the body, lack of selectivity, or to minimize the adverse effects of therapeutic
drugs. Drug delivery systems (DDS) can be designed to the technologies that carry drugs into or
throughout the body of humans or animals to enhance therapeutic efficacy. DDS can also be considered
for in vivo delivery, particularly for their use in peptide and protein therapeutics. Continued research
may show the trends and perspectives of how drugs are delivered. In addition, this article includes
comprehensive information regarding the trends and perspectives in DDS technologies.