bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The socio-demographic dimensions of the private transportation emissions
Authors: Besagni Giorgio , Borgarello Marco
Published: December 2020

It is known that the transportation sector accounts for a considerable share of the emissions and the primary energy consumption of the countries as a whole, thus determining an increas-ing attention towards the decarbonisation pathways of the transportation sectors. The energy consumption at the country-scale can be interpreted as the integral of the socio-demographic layer and the behavior spectrum. Thus, ad-hoc policy schemes need to rely on multi-scale ap-proaches, describing the household-scale and, subsequently, scaling-up towards the country-scale. In this long-term aim and perspective, the present communication contributes to the ex-isting discussion regarding relationships between the household/socio-demographic character-istics and the transportation patterns. In particular, focusing on the Italian case study, this communication explores the relationships between the household/socio-demographic variables and the carbon dioxide emissions related to the private transportation sector. To this end, this paper build on micro-data obtained by the Italian Institute of statistics and it applies a four-step statistical method to select suitable variables, explore the significant determinants and perform an household segmentation. It is found that the geographic area (in terms of the macro-scale as well as the micro-scale geographic locations) as well as income-related variables are likely to be factors influencing the carbon dioxide emissions related to the private transportation sector.
Determinants and barriers of PV self-consumption in Spain from the perception of the installers for the promotion of distributed energy systems
Authors: Ángel Gimeno José , Llera Sastresa Eva , Scarpellini Sabina
Published: December 2020

Currently, self-consumption and distributed energy facilities are considered as viable and sustainable solutions in the energy transition scenario within the European Union. In a low carbon society, the exploitation of renewables for self-consumption is closely tied to the energy market at the territorial level, in search of a compromise between competitiveness and the sustainable exploitation of resources. Investments in these facilities are highly sensitive to the existence of favourable conditions at the territorial level, and the energy policies adopted in the European Union have contributed positively to the distributed renewables development and the reduction of their costs in the last decade. However, the number of the installed facilities is uneven in the European Countries and those factors that are more determinant for the investments in self-consumption are still under investigation. In this scenario, this paper presents the main results obtained through the analysis of the determinants in self-consumption investments from a case study in Spain, where the penetration of this type of facilities is being less relevant than in other countries. As a novelty of this study, the main influential drivers and barriers in self-consumption are classified and analysed from the installers' perspective. On the basis of the information obtained from the installers involved in the installation of these facilities, incentives and barriers are analysed within the existing legal framework and the potential specific lines of the promotion for the effective deployment of self-consumption in an energy transition scenario.
Analisi di sensitività al tasso di cambio: un'informazione utile per gli investitori?
Authors: Mattei Marco Maria , Palmucci Fabrizio , Bonetti Pietro
Published: December 2020

Il lavoro analizza gli effetti dell'entrata in vigore dell'IFRS 7, emanato dallo IASB con lo scopo di aumentare l'informazione sull'esposizione delle imprese ai rischi di mercato. La nostra ricerca indaga l'utilità per gli investitori dell'analisi di sensitività al rischio di tasso di cambio fornita dalle società quotate italiane. I risultati mostrano che prima dell'introduzione dell'IFRS 7 il mercato stimava erroneamente l'esposizione al tasso di cambio, mentre successivamente la sensitività dei rendimenti al tasso di cambio sembra allinearsi con le esposizioni dichiarate. Dall'analisi, inoltre, emerge che l'informazione sull'esposizione riduce la sensitività dei volumi al tasso di cambio. I nostri risultati integrano la letteratura statunitense fornendo evidenze di come un'analisi di sensitività anche

sia utile al mercato.
La struttura del Comprehensive Income Statement: le indicazioni del progetto congiunto IASB-FASB Financial Statement Presentation
Authors: Pisani Michele
Published: December 2020

Il progetto congiunto IASB-FASB

si propone di definire l'impostazione di tutti i documenti necessari per formare un bilancio di esercizio che possa definirsi completo, ma grande attenzione è dedicata alla struttura del conto economico e alla rappresentazione del

. Nel momento in cui i due corpi di principi contabili adottano un sistema misto di riconoscimento e di valutazione, fondato in parte sul costo storico e sul principio di realizzazione e in parte sul

e sulla logica delle variazioni patrimoniali, si pone il problema di valutare se la rappresentazione del reddito debba riflettere in modo neutro l'esistenza di questi due diversi paradigmi. Il lavoro esamina le soluzioni proposte nella struttura di conto economico al fine di esprimere su di esse un giudizio di merito alla luce delle indicazioni provenienti dai contributi teorici e dalle indagini empiriche svolte sull'argomento. Le innovazioni presentano indubbi vantaggi ma non risolvono le principali criticità legate alla rappresentazione del

. L'incertezza che emerge dai contributi teorici ed empirici, che non consentono di individuare argomenti decisivi per basare le valutazioni esclusivamente sul reddito tradizionale o sul

, rappresentano il principale argomento a supporto delle scelte conservative avanzate dai due

.
L'efficacia del sistema dei controlli contabili delle società quotate italiane: un'analisi delle impugnative di bilancio effettuate dalla Consob
Authors: Romano Giulia , Guerrini Andrea
Published: December 2020

L'oggetto di indagine del presente lavoro è costituito dal sistema dei controlli sull'informativa contabile diffusa dalle società quotate, con particolare riferimento al bilancio di esercizio e consolidato. Attraverso l'analisi dei casi in cui la Consob ha esercitato il potere di impugnativa sui bilanci, gli Autori effettuano un'indagine sull'efficacia dei principali presidi di controllo previsti dalla normativa vigente, rappresentati dal collegio sindacale1 e dalla società di revisione, nominati entrambi dall'assemblea dei soci. Le evidenze empiriche segnalano alcune criticità rilevanti che caratterizzano le attività di controllo ed i "giudizi" sull'informativa contabile dei due organi.
Professione amministratori: interlocking directorship e qualità degli utili nelle imprese italiane quotate
Authors: Arena Claudia
Published: December 2020

Al fine di aiutare a comprendere il ruolo rivestito dagli interlocking directorship nel contesto istituzionale italiano, il presente contributo ne analizza empiricamente l'influenza sulla qualità degli utili di bilancio. Adottando un campione di imprese italiane quotate tra il 2000 e il 2004, si rinviene che l'incidenza degli interlock nei CdA è negativamente correlata alla sostenibilità e alla value relevance dei valori di reddito. Tali risultati suggeriscono che la presenza di amministratori con incarichi multipli riduce il monitoraggio del CdA sul processo di redazione del bilancio, conducendo a valori contabili che non riflettono al meglio le performance economicofinanziarie dell'impresa. Questo studio contribuisce alla letteratura che annovera le caratteristiche di governance tra le determinanti del livello di trasparenza aziendale, al contempo fornendo evidenze utili per l'emanazione di future prescrizioni regolamentari.
I compensi agli amministratori: analisi della disclosure nei Bilanci delle società italiane quotate
Authors: Giorgino Maria Cleofe , Paris Anna , Paternostro Sergio
Published: December 2020

Il presente contributo intende analizzare la disclosure relativa alla remunerazione percepita dagli amministratori, il cui ruolo di primo piano nel definire le sorti di un'azienda rende l'informativa ad essi correlata di particolare interesse per i diversi stakeholder. Obiettivo degli autori è quello di indagare nei documenti ufficiali (relativi all'esercizio 2009) delle 50 società italiane quotate maggiormente capitalizzate, al fine di verificare il livello di informativa obbligatoria e/o volontaria ivi fornita in merito ai compensi percepiti dai rispettivi amministratori. Le risultanze emerse saranno sintetizzate in un disclosure index di cui sarà valutata l'eventuale correlazione con alcuni parametri, selezionati in base a specifiche ipotesi di ricerca, inerenti alla struttura del board e alla dimensione aziendale.
Il trauma individuale nel trauma collettivo. Stare con il dolore estremo di chi cura
Authors: Vigorelli Marta
Published: December 2020

Dopo una sintetica descrizione del contesto psicosociale di grave emergenza Covid-19 in Lombardia (Italia), il contributo si focalizza su alcuni interrogativi che aprono alla psicoterapia psicoanalitica uno spa-zio di riflessione e di lavoro sul tema di come occuparci di chi si pren-de cura (helping professions), e di come stare con il dolore del soccor-ritore e del terapeuta, immersi in un trauma collettivo. A partire dalla formazione clinica psicoanalitica istituzionale, in dialogo con i contri-buti della psicologia dell'emergenza, si presentano i percorsi psicotera-peutici con due operatori sanitari - una responsabile di una struttura per anziani e un giovane medico specializzando ? che hanno fatto emergere una particolare condensazione traumatica articolata su più li-velli: quello individuale soggettivo che ha colpito i pazienti, ma anche la vita personale della terapeuta, quello legato all'emergenza sanitaria con le drammatiche connessioni sociali e politiche, ma anche il trauma di loro come curanti, e quello dei loro pazienti e delle loro famiglie. Il lavoro clinico, tempestivo e flessibile si intreccia con le vicissitudini del contesto lavorativo di questi operatori coinvolti direttamente con la pandemia, favorendo la loro resilienza individuale e una capacità di intervenire in modo trasformativo su se stessi e sui contesti di cura.
Comparison of the effectiveness of physical training and extract of soursop leaf to histopathology of abdominal aorta foam cells in hipercolesterolemia-diabetes rat
Authors: Nai Tika Hamidah Apriliana , Yulianti Retno , Septiana Wahyunia Likhayati , Setyaningsih Yuni
Published: December 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus has become a public health problem globally. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, caused by lifestyle and high lipid diet, is the most common form. Hypercholesterolemia-diabetes is able to create endothelial injury that results in formation of atherosclerosis, starting with formation of foam cells. 

Objective: This research aimed to see the effectiveness of physical training and soursop (Annona muricata) leaves extract in lowering the amount of foam cells.

Methods: This research was an experimental study which used the post test-only control group design with 35 Wistar strain rats which were randomly divided into 7 groups, each consisting of 5 rats. K1 was given standard diet, K2 was given atherogenic diet and alloxan, while K3, K4, K5, K6, and K7 were given atherogenic diet, alloxan, and different treatments based on designed group. K3 was given simvastatin, K4 was given metformin, K5 was given physical training, K6 was given soursop leaves extract (SLE), and K7 was given both physical training and SLE. The rats were euthanized after three weeks and aorta was taken to be made into histology slides for foam cells observation.

Results: The result of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney Post-Hoc Test showed significant difference (p<0,05) between K2 and K5, K6, K7 while it no significant difference (p>0,05) between K3, K4 and K5, K6, K7.

Conclusion: Physical training, SLE, and the combination of both have a role in lowering formation of foam cells in atherosclerosis.
Inorganic Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Applications Synthesized Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors:   Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia, Elmanovich I. V. ,   Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, str. 2, Moscow, 119991 Russia,   Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 4, str.1, Moscow, 119991 Russia
Published: December 2020

The review briefly outlines some of the main areas of using supercritical carbon dioxide in the synthesis and modification of functional materials for electrochemical applications. The synthesis of supported metal nanoparticles as well as metal oxide nanoparticles/aerogels and modification of polymer electrolyte membranes are considered. This work attempts to highlight the key benefits associated with the supercritical state of the solvent specifically for every listed application.
Promising Routes of Application of Smart Allylborating Reagents
Authors:   Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia, Kuznetsov N. Yu.
Published: December 2020

Among the known allylborating agents, amine adducts of allylic triorganoboranes can be considered as the most advanced smart reagents since they combine high activity with stability and selectivity. The new reactivity profile of these compounds offers additional opportunities for both the laboratory and industrial application of allylboranes. The current review presents a short analysis of the promising routes of application of the amine adducts, which include, for example, the catalytic synthesis of functionalized allylarenes, homoallylamines, and the synthesis of BN isosteres of carbon aromatic systems.
USE OF NEURAL NETWORKS TO MAKE COMPLEX DECISIONS TO OPERATE ELECTRIC TRANSPORT UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Zubenko D. , Zakurdai S. , Donets O.
Published: December 2020

The use of neural networks to solve the problems of insolubility and the solution of complex computational equations becomes a common practice in academic circles and industry. It has been shown that, despite the complexity, these problems can be formulated as a set of equations, and the key is to find zeros from them. Zero Neural Networks (ZNNs), as a class of neural networks specially designed to find zeros of equations, have played an indispensable role in online decision-changing problems over time in recent years, and many fruitful research results have been documented in literature. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of ZNN studies, including ZNN continuous time and discrete time models for solving various problems, and their application in motion planning and superfluous manipulator management, chaotic system tracking, or even population control in mathematical biological sciences. Considering the fact that real-time performance is in demand for time-varying problems in practice, analysis of the stability and convergence of various ZNN models with continuous time is considered in a unified form in detail. In the case of solving the problems of discrete time, procedures are summarized for how to discriminate a continuous ZNN model and methods for obtaining an accuracy decision.
Approaches based on the neural network to address various nodal tasks have attracted considerable attention in many areas. For example, an adaptive fuzzy controller based on a neural network is constructed for a class of nonlinear systems with discrete time with a dead zone with discrete time in. An applied decentralized circuit, based on a neural network, is presented for multiple nonlinear input and multiple output systems (MIMO) using the methods of the reverse step in. Such a scheme guarantees a uniform limiting limit of all signals in a closed system relative to the average square. In order to overcome the structural complexity of the nonlinear feedback structure, uses the method of dividing variables for the decomposition of unknown functions of all state variables into the sum of smooth functions of each dynamic error.
DEVELOPMENT OF A RELIABILITY MODEL THAT TAKES INTO ACCOUNT CHANGES IN THE STATE OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Authors: Shavkun V.
Published: December 2020

Statistic data concerning the trolleybuses operations in Ukraine prove that reliability of traction electric engines has been reduced for subjective and objective reasons over the past 10-15 years. New developments and the use of technologies are therefore needed for more effective use of the known technical equipment, its modernization, reliability improvement and extending the service life.
To determine the effectiveness of trolleybus operation on the route, the modern methods of reliability assessment of the traction electric engines are used, which allow to get adequate characteristics of the structure, functional links of parts and units.
Improving public transport services is linked to the efficient operation of urban electric transport. It depends on the capabilities and quality of individual components and units of rolling stock. In addition, power supply and traffic control systems play an important role.
An important technical and economic indicator of quality for each technical system of electric transport or product is the concept of reliability, which characterizes the level of operating conditions of the main elements and characteristics of traction electric motors.
One of the main criteria for the reliability of traction motors is the reliability of operation during operation.
The conditions of operation of electric machines of trolley buses are analyzed and the main directions of increasing their operational reliability are determined. The nature of the change in the state of structural units of an electric machine during operation has been established. A mathematical model of reliability has been developed that takes into account changes in the state of structural units of an electric machine.
Pregestasyonel Diyabet ve Fetal Programlama
Authors: Aslan Büşra , Caferoğlu Zeynep
Published: December 2020

Pregestasyonel diyabetli gebelerde maternal, fetal ve neonatal komplikasyonların ortaya çıkma riski artmaktadır. İntrauterin çevre; gen ekspresyonundaki değişiklikler, oksidatif stres ve epigenetik modifikasyon gibi yolaklar üzerinden fetal programlanmaya katkıda bulunur. Özellikle fetüsün maternal dönemde hiperglisemi ile karşılaşmış olması intrauterin çevresi için endişe verici bir konudur. Bu nedenle hiperglisemi riski olan bireylerde, gebelik öncesi dönemde glisemik kontrol sağlanana kadar aile planlaması yapılmalıdır. Gestasyonel dönemde ise fetal riskleri ve gebelik komplikasyonlarını en aza indirgeyebilmek için ortalama kan glukoz düzeyi 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) ve HbA1c değeri <%6 seviyelerinde tutulmalıdır. Fetal programlamanın etkisi anne karnındaki olumsuz çevresel koşullara maruziyet süresi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Diyabetik ortam, anne ve fetüs arasında kanal görevi gören plasentada değişikliklere neden olarak erken dönemde gebelik kaybı, büyümenin kısıtlanması, preeklampsi riskinin artışı ve plasentomegaliye yol açabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı, pregestasyonel diyabetli gebelerde fetal programlamanın sonuçları hakkında genel bir bakış açısı sağlamaktır.
KAJIAN PENGEMBANGAN TAMBAK GARAM DI PULAU TANAKEKE KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Jusran Jusran , Kasnir Muhammad , Rauf Abdul
Published: December 2020

Salt is one of the national strategic commodities. But until now the notional needs of salt have not been met by national salt production in the country, one of the efforts to increase salt production in the country is to optimize existing potential salt field. The island of tanakeke in takalar district of southern sulawesi province has a potential salt field, wich is not yet well watered. The reseach’s aims (1) to anayize potential land appropriations for the development of salt pans on tanakeke island (2) to analize the salt-farm development cost (3) to determine salt pond development strategies based on the characteristics of the research area. Research suggetts that the total potential land most suitable for development of salt pond at 1.106,58 ha or about 38,91 % of the total land on Tanakeke islands. Based on the financial analysis of the salt pond with geomembran method on an acre of land on tanakeke islands are feasible to continue. Followed by the investment criteria acquired by NPV>1, Net B/C>1 and IRR>discount rate. Selected combination of strategies (1) Priority strategies; Training in increased human resource capacity and Infrastructure improvements. (2) altenative strategies; salt regulatory improvements.
TINGKAT PENGELOLAAN IKAN TEMBANG (Sardinella gibbosa) YANG TERTANGKAP DENGAN BAGAN TANCAP DI KABUPATEN PANGKEP
Authors: B Handayani Pratiwi , Alwi Muhammad Jamal , Sultan Danial
Published: December 2020

The success of fishing depends on sufficient knowledge of the overall behavior of the fish, which is the basis for the development of existing methods. Utilization of Fishery Potential Activities in Pangkep Regency waters still depends a lot on simple fish catching technology. One of the factors for the success of catching fish with a chart is light. Light is a tool to help collect fish to the fishing area. Toli-toli village, Tekkolabua sub-district, Pangkep district is geographically located between 04º79'07.71 "- 4º79'14.35" LS and 119º43'75.13 "- 119º44'02.01" East Longitude (Figure 4). The administrative area is included in the North Liukang Tupabbiring District, Pangkep Regency. The production of tembang fish (S. gibbosa) caught with fixed-line fishing gear occurred in 2012 as much as 927.70 tons and the lowest was in 2009 as many as 50.30 tons. The level of utilization (TP) and level of cultivation (TPu) of fixed-line fisheries in Pangkep waters according to the Schaefer model for 8 years has exceeded the allowable utilization rate (JTB), namely in 2011, 2012, 2013, and in 2008, 2009 , 2010, 2014 and 2017 are still in an underexploited condition. Based on the analysis of the sustainable potential of tembang fish using the Schaefer model, the allowable amount of tembang fish catch (JTB) is 80% of the MSY value, it is recommended that the number of fish catches allowed in Pangkep Regency is 409.36 tons with a maximum number of fishing effort units of 26 units / year.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA (PRODUKSI) GARAM RAKYAT DI PESISIR KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Pahlawan Rizky Yudha , Asbar Asbar , Ernaningsih Ernaningsih
Published: December 2020

The current global climate change also has an influence on climate or season in Indonesia. Coastal communities in Jeneponto who work as farmers salt still traditional. Dependence of production activities with weather and climate conditions causes the amount of production to fluctuate. This research aims to (1) analyzing climate projections (rainfall and season length), (2) estimating salt production, and (3) knowing the effect of climate change on the business sustainability (production) of salt in the future. Observation rainfall, RCP 4.5 scenario, and salt production data from 2009 to 2018 were regressed and analyzed descriptively and temporally up to 2100. The results showed an increasing in rainfall and dry season are becoming shorter. The estimated percentage of occurrence salt production above average is 51,3%. Climate change gives effect on salt farming time is getting shorter and salt crystallization time is getting longer. Salt production is more affected by rainfall than season length. The business sustainability (production) of salt in the future is still quite good and need for adaptation measures to face climate change.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI PERAIRAN DAERAH LIUKANG TUPPABIRING
Authors: R Tenri A , Sultan Danial , Asbar Asbar
Published: December 2020

Liukang Tuppabiring is a waters with marine biodiversity potential large enough to be developed and managed sustainably. Utilization around the coral reefs in the waters of the Liukang Tuppabiring sub-district currently tends to lead to destructive use, so it is necessary to take damage prevention measures immediately. The results showed the condition of coral cover in the medium and damaged, while at stations 1,2,3,4,6 (25,47-41.07%), while conditions were good at station 5 (56.20%). The number of individual reef fish is 290 individuals from 46 species of 22 genera 11 families. At the research location also identified one type of protected biota namely Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata). Coral damage that occurred at 6 observation stations was more caused by the practice of using destructive and environmentally unfriendly fishing equipment such as bombs, trawls, and the use of poisons. The priority strategies undertaken in the management of coral reefs at the study site are 1) Management of environmentally friendly coral reefs where the community as a manager with strong support from the Government; 2) Making clear rules related to utilization in coral reef areas and establishing a POSMAKWAS institution to avoid more severe coral damage; 3) Improve supervision and law enforcement must be firm in relation to the use of fishing gear that can damage coral reef ecosystems.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR DALAM PENENTUAN LOKASI BUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii) DI KAWASAN TELUK PAREPARE
Authors: Damis Damis , Saenong Muhammad
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine land suitability for seaweed cultivation in the Parepare Bay Region, assessing the feasibility of developing seaweed cultivation; identify factors that influence the development of seaweed cultivation; Conformity evaluation conducted in this study is the actual suitability or suitability of seaweed cultivation land, where the resulting land suitability class is only based on available data, not considering social, economic, financial, and other aspects. The research method used is a direct survey at the research location. The results of the land suitability analysis are based on the suitability matrix: spatial data analysis using the Geogerafis Information System method, to determine the suitability of seaweed cultivation land. The results showed that the area of land suitability for seaweed cultivation based on the land suitability map was appropriate (S) ± 578.57 ha and not suitable (N) ± 759.68 ha
Концептуальні основи оцінювання ефективності видів оборони
Authors: Бут Ю. І. , Ремез А. В.
Published: December 2020

У статті розглянуті питання щодо можливого розвитку воєнно-політичної обстановки на сході нашої держави та зроблено відповідні висновки стосовно підготовки та ведення першої оборонної операції силами оборони. Ураховуючи, що в даний період розвитку воєнного мистецтва існує тенденція широкого впровадження безпілотних літальних апаратів розвідувального й ударного призначення під час ведення бойових дій, авторами обґрунтовані пропозиції щодо доцільності вдосконалення систем побудови оборони шляхом введення до їхнього складу системи боротьби з безпілотними літальними апаратами.На основі оцінювання сучасних воєнних конфліктів та досвіду застосування військ в антитерористичній операції і операції Об’єднаних сил із застосуванням загальнонаукових методів аналізу та синтезу визначені особливості та основні тенденції розвитку видів оборони, а також необхідність застосування відповідної методики щодо оцінювання їхньої ефективності в процесі як завчасного, так і безпосереднього оперативного планування першої оборонної операції. Саме це стало підставою для розроблення авторами статті концептуальних основ оцінювання ефективності видів оборони та запропонування блок-схеми методики оцінювання ефективності видів оборони як інтегральної оцінки ефективності основних систем її побудови. На підставі аналізу воєнно-історичного досвіду та заходів оперативної підготовки запропоновано такий вид оборони, як розосереджена оборона за осередкованим принципом.Сутність розосередженої оборони оперативного (оперативно-стратегічного) угруповання військ становить те, що вона будується на широкому фронті, обмеженими силами і засобами, на окремих напрямках,  шляхом оборони і охорони найважливіших об’єктів комунікацій, промислових центрів, життєво важливих районів у сполученні з маневром військами і вогнем, інженерними загородженнями, десантно-штурмовими, рейдовими та пошуково-ударними діями з метою контролю над значним районом території обмеженими силами та засобами.
Медіаосвітні практики розвитку інформаційного патріотизму молоді
Authors: Cherepovska Nataliya
Published: December 2020

Актуальність дослідження. Обстоюється думка, що в умовах гібридної, ідеологічної війни зростає роль патріотизму як потенційного ресурсу збереження національної ідентичності українців.

Метою статті було сформулювати нове поняття – інформаційний патріотизм» молоді – та окреслити інноваційні напрями його розвитку.

Методологічні засади. Тема патріотизму молоді висвітлюється в контексті теорії кіберсоціалізації. На основі аналізу літератури визначено два напрями, які є дотичними до зазначеної теми: 1) вплив медіа, інтернету на свідомість, світоглядні позиції та соціалізацію молоді; 2) застосування медіаресурсів та нових технологій у вихованні патріотизму молоді.

Результати дослідження. На підставі аналізу джерел запропоновано та обґрунтовано нове поняття – «інформаційний патріотизм», створено медіаосвітню модель його розвитку. Визначено, що в психологічному контексті інформаційний патріотизм особистості полягає в актуалізації емоційно-почуттєвої, ментально-когнітивної, мотиваційно-дієвої складових, які реалізуються в площині медіаінформаційного простору. Інформаційний патріотизм розглянуто як новий вид патріотизму, спрямований на збереження, захист та просування українських цінностей в інформаційному просторі. Створено модель розвитку інформаційного патріотизму молоді, яка визначає інноваційні медіаосвітні практики його оптимізації.

Перспективи практичного застосування результатів дослідження. Запропонована модель розвитку інформаційного патріотизму спрямована на стимуляцію: активності щодо поширення українського медіаконтенту в соціальних мережах; мотивації захисту українського інформаційного простору від ворожої пропаганди в соціальних мережах; медіатворчості як творення оригінального патріотичного медіаконтенту, здатного популяризувати українські цінності у віртуальній реальності. Перспектива подальших досліджень полягає в моніторингу інформаційного патріотизму молоді, розробленні інноваційних медіаосвітніх методик та їх апробації.
Telemedicine in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: December 2020

Abstract Not Available

Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 1-3
Epidemiology and outcome of COVID-19: experience at a private set-up in Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Debasish Kumar , Saha Madhurima , Bala Chandra Shekhar , Sutradhar Pankaj Kanti
Published: December 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has induced a sense of panic around the world. Bangladesh has also reported several hundred thousand COVID-19 patients with several thousands of deaths. SARS-CoV-2 infects people of all ages. This virus is very notorious in terms of varied presentations, severity and outcome. This observational study was done to evaluate the demography, presentation and outcome of COVID-19 patients admitted in a private hospital of Bangladesh.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of six months. All patients in this study were positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and admitted to the hospital with variable presentation ranged from cough and fever to respiratory distress and pneumonia, multiple organ failure. As per the protocol, the patients were regularly evaluated for several parameters of COVID-19 related pathology. The management strategy included standard of care (SoC) and administration of antiviral drugs as per national guideline on clinical management of COVID-19, Bangladesh (Version -7). Patients’ outcome was also measured in term of recovery, transferred to higher center and death.

Results: Out of total 125 patients, 60% were male and 40% female. The average age of study population was 56.8±13.8 years. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was the most common co-morbidity (62.4%). Hypertension (HTN) was present in 57.6% and ischemic heart disease (IHD) in 15.2% cases. Regarding the presenting complaints, fever was the most common (94.4%), followed by cough (84.0%) and dyspnea (43.2%). Majority (43.2%) was moderate cases, followed by severe case (28.0%), mild case (21.6%) and critical case (4.8%). Three (2.4%) asymptomatic patients were also admitted. The minimum duration of hospital stay was 1 day with maximum of 27 days. The mean duration of hospital stay was 9.8±5.4 days. Recovery was observed in 111 (88.8%) patients. Four (4.8%) patients were transferred to higher center and 8 (6.4%) patients died.

Conclusion: It was observed that most of the COVID-19 patients can be adequately managed by SoC management with drug support. However, early diagnosis and hospitalization with adequate care may be important variables for better survival.

Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 12-17
A case report of COVID-19 with multiple comorbidities with a positive outcome in early days of COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammed Asif , Mohammed Sadaf , Tasmin Naila , Afroze Sharmin , Papri Nowshin
Published: December 2020

We present a case of 68-year-old man with diabetes, heart failure, status post-coronary artery bypass grafs, cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator in situ, altered liver function, with corona virus disease 2019. He presented with cough and high grade fever with occasional dyspnea. He was treated at home with favipiravir, methyl prednisolone, enoxaparin and antibiotics and home oxygen therapy. He re-tested positive on 14th and 21st day and later on 31st day he was found RT-PCR negative for SARS-CoV-2. Patient came for a follow-up after 3 months in healthy state with normal D-dimer and other inflammatory markers.

Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 131-134
Sensitivity Study of Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization Schemes for the Simulation of Tropical Cyclone ‘Fani’ Over the Bay of Bengal Using High Resolution Wrf-Arw Model
Authors: Alam MM
Published: December 2020

Comprehensive sensitivity analyses on physical parameterization schemes of WRF-ARW (V3.8.1) model have been carried out for the simulation of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Fani that formed in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and crossed the Bangladesh and Odisha coast of India on 3rd May 2019. Global Forecasting System (GFS) data 1⁰ and 0.25⁰ from National Centre for Environment Prediction (NCEP) is used as initial and lateral boundary conditions. The six different Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) schemes used in this research are YSU, BouLac, TEMF, Shin-Hong, GBM and MRF. The meteorological parameters, which have been studied to identify the effect of PBL during the propagation and movement of TC Fani are Estimated Central Pressure (ECP), Maximum Wind Speed (MWS) at 10m height, average relative humidity (%), temperature (⁰C) and potential temperature (0K) at 2m height, Modified Convective Available Potential Energy (MCAP), average PBL height and average high clouds (%). The area considered for these averages are 82-92 ⁰E and 7-22 ⁰N inside the model domain. The simulated ECP by TEMF scheme are 930, 932, 937, 929, 944 and 932 hPa for the Initial Conditions (ICs) at 0000 UTC of 27, 28, 29, 30 April, and 01 May and 02 May, respectively and observed ECP was 932 hPa. The intensity of pressure fall by the TEMF scheme is similar to that observed up to the time of crossing the land of TC Fani. The MWS simulated by the TEMF scheme is almost similar to that of the observed MWS at 10m height and all other schemes have simulated much lower MWS. The temperature at 2m height is positively correlated with the ECP and MWS at 10m height. The TEMF scheme has simulated maximum high clouds for all ICs and for all through the simulation time. The error was systematic for all PBL schemes for the ICs at 0000 UTC of 30 April at 0.25⁰ and 1⁰ GFS data but the track error was much less for 1⁰ GFS data than that of 0.25⁰ GFS data. The TEMF scheme has simulated the most deviated track and MRF scheme has simulated less deviated track for all through the simulation. The study has shown large variations of track and intensity among the different PBL schemes. The PBL schemes have a major impact on the track and intensity of TC Fani. The intensity simulated by the TEMF scheme is better but the track error is higher than that of other schemes.

Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 1-18
Temporal Trend Analysis of Historical Climatic Data at Northeastern Hilly Region of Bangladesh Using Mann-Kendall Test
Authors: Mondal KK , Akhter Md AE , Mallik MAK
Published: December 2020

An attempt has been implemented to find out the temporal trend of climatic data of average temperature and total rainfall for the study period 1980-2016 at North-Eastern Hilly Region in Bangladesh. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test is used to analyze the trend of climatic data. The objective of the study is to investigate the trend variation in the North-Eastern hilly region. Results show that in monsoon season, both Sylhet and Srimangal meteorological stations experience a positive tendency with a rate of 0.037 and 0.0170C/year, respectively which are statistically significant at 99.9% level of significance. Monthly significant positive changes are found in all months except November, December and January for Sylhet while Srimangal indicates significant positive changes except July, September, October and November. The total rainfall at both the stations reveals decreasing trend during maximum seasons and months but the trend is not significant.

Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 19-25
Different Soft Soil Improvement Techniques of Dhaka Mass Rapid Transit Project
Authors: Hore Ripon , Ansary Mehedi Ahmed
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research is to the analysis of the different soil improvement techniques and the comparable model of these soil improvement techniques. In Bangladesh, different soil improvement techniques were used by different construction firms to improve the soil bearing capacity, but many of them could not verify the techniques after improvement. The verification of the soil improvement techniques is more important than the implementation of the soil improvement techniques. A comparison has been made between results obtained from three soft soil improvement techniques. Analysis of the effectiveness of soft soil improvement technique before and after improvement technique. From analyses, it has been revealed that for Tongi to Uttara along the Project package CP01 soft clay layer is effective for Sand Compaction Pile (SCP) and the sand layer, which is susceptible to liquefaction is effective for Dynamic Compaction (DC) method. After the improvement standard penetration test (SPT) value increases dramatically; this is a significant finding of this research.

Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 37-44
COVID-19 Scenario and Possible Crisis Management Plan in Bangladesh: A Review
Authors: Nitu SK Farjana Faruk , Rahman Atif Aninda , Haque Md Nazmul
Published: December 2020

At present novel corona virus (COVID-19) has affected 213 countries around the world. In the context of both developing and less developed countries, it has proven to be fatal. Bangladesh, being a country of low-middleincome economy is still experiencing daily rise of COVID-19 cases. This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on some important sectors of the country, where the education system is in danger as well as the lion’s share of the inhabitant cascade with poverty. The outcome of the research also states the overall management system has not worked smoothly in the pandemic situation. It focused on the existing emergency crisis response management plan, policy framework and parliamentary organizations of Bangladesh which are not good enough to battle a pandemic such as COVID-19. The secondary data were collected from different credential sources. This research mainly focused on the in-depth analysis of crisis during this time and highlighted the crisis sector management of Bangladesh. Hence, it formulated a proposal on 10 sector-based (education, economic, general public, victim, Government, private sector, defense, medical services, media, social value perception) Crisis Response Management Technique and a committee that would work in post COVID-19 time in Bangladesh. In future, this research and its policy frame work would help the government to allocate the budget for different sectors not only for pandemic situation but also for another crisis and help minimize its catastrophe.

Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 45-60
Pre-Existing Weather Phenomena for Spreading Dengue Fever Over Dhaka in 2019
Authors: Sultana Shahanaj , Mannan Md Abdul , Khan Md Abdur Rahman , Khandaker Ronakey , Md Kamrujjaman -
Published: December 2020

An attempt has been made to investigate the outbreak of dengue fever over Dhaka city by examining the preexisting condition of weather elements over Bangladesh. For the study, the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall, humidity data is analyzed to find the optimum values which trigger the dengue fever over Dhaka city. If the pre-existing weather phenomena are analyzed and compute, it will be possible to settle down which elements are responsible for spreading dengue fever over Dhaka city in 2019. The average minimum and maximum temperature were relatively high in winter season of 2019 than that of the winter of 2018 which may trigger epidemic dengue fever. In June increased temperature and intermittent rainfall (260mm within 17 days) which is also causes of spreading dengue. This is why, Dhaka city, 51,777 dengue cases have occurred from 1st January to 31 December 2019 on the other hand 50,726 dengue cases had occurred during 2000–2018. In the future, due to climate change and its unstable weather phenomena, weak administrator, unplanned urbanization, environmental erosion, and increasing population, dengue risk will be high. If Dhaka city people are not conscious, dengue may increase more upcoming years due to the possibility of increasing temperature, the occurrence of abnormal rainfall, the environmental condition of Dhaka city, and attack trend of previous years.

Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 99-106
Applicability of OCO-2 Solar Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) Data for the Estimation of Photosynthetic Activity in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mohammad Imrul , Habib SM Ahsan , Haque SAM Arif Ul , Sultana Nasrin , Faisal BM Refat , Rahman Hafizur , Sharifee Mohammad Nur Hossain
Published: December 2020

Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) is a new satellite of measuring concentrations of carbon, can also provide comparatively higher resolution Solar Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) data which has the potential to directly estimate the photosynthetic activity or gross primary production (GPP). The aim of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of using OCO-2 derived SIF data for the estimation of photosynthetic activity in Bangladesh. To verify the OCO-2 derived SIF data, the present study analyzes the relationship between OCO-2 derived SIF and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived GPP for different land cover types for the year 2015 using individual day pixel-based analysis. The relationship between SIF and GPP is found to be good for the mixed vegetation for the data accessed on 01 January and 02 February of 2015 and for the evergreen forest for the data accessed on 14 September of 2015. In contrast, the relationship is not found strong between SIF and GPP for most of the cases. The pixel-based spatial dissimilarity between OCO-2 and MODIS, and spatial distortions of OCO-2 footprints might be the possible reason behind the poor correlation between SIF and GPP found in the present study. Unavailability of the homogeneous OCO-2 derived SIF data in terms of spatial and temporal context is another possible reason behind the weak relationship between SIF and GPP. The sparse spatial coverage and poor relationship to the MODIS derived GPP data declines the reliability of OCO-2 derived SIF data for the estimation of photosynthetic activity in Bangladesh or in other local scale application.

Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 133-140
Gestión directiva y Clima organizacional: Herramientas motivacionales en la praxis docente
Authors: Bohorquez Jenny , Andrade María
Published: December 2020

La investigación intenta sostener que una praxis pertinente, asertiva y motivacional de la gestión directiva promueve un clima organizacional que favorece el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes y con ellos la calidad educativa. Se reconoce al docente como primer responsable de estos logros quien debe sentir motivación para desempeñarse mejor cada día, siendo imprescindible la actuación asertiva del directivo quien debe propender un clima organizacional positivo para que los docentes se desenvuelvan en un ambiente motivador que los incentive acompañar en la elaboración e implementación de planes y manuales que fortalezcan la interacción de los actores de la comunidad educativa a través del trabajo colaborativo. En el estudio se aplicaron métodos como el Histórico-Lógico que posibilitó la identificación de teorías sobre la gestión directiva y clima organizacional en entornos educativos; el método Sistémico Estructural-Funcional permitió identificar cómo un docente competente y motivado logra incorporar las leyes de la didáctica en una enseñanza para la vida y la importancia de las relaciones entre la tríada objetivo-contenido-método; el método Mixto permitió a través de encuestas y entrevistas descubrir la realidad del problema y determinar estrategias viables para fortalecer el clima organizacional y su relación con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. En este sentido se establece como objetivo principal de la investigación el de contribuir al fortalecimiento de la gestión directiva a través de un sistema de estrategias motivacionales que fortalezcan el clima organizacional en la Escuela Fiscal Mixta Simón Bolívar de la ciudad de Guayaquil, que permita superar los estándares de calidad educativa, con énfasis el desempeño profesional docente, misma que se pretende se socialice e implemente en la institución donde se realizó la investigación con intenciones que llegue a otras instituciones educativas de la zona.