Topical gel of mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium under TNF-α precondition accelerates wound closure healing in full-thickness skin defect animal model
Authors: Putra Agung ,   Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia,   Department of Postgraduate Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia,   Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia,   Agung Putra, Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR) Laboratory, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia. E-mail: dr.agungptr@gmail.com, Ibrahim Sugeng ,   Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata, Semarang, Indonesia,   Doctoral Program of Medical and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia, Muhar Adi Muradi ,   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, Kuntardjo Novalia ,   Student of Postgraduate Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia, Dirja Bayu Tirta ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia, Pasongka Zenitalia ,   Postgraduate Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Indonesia, Tunru Insan Sosiawan ,   Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: November 2022

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) under TNF-α stimulation (MSC-CM-T) can release numerous trophic and survival molecules that have a promising prospect in wound healing acceleration. However, the effective levels of MSC-CM-T in topical gel preparation to accelerate wound healing should be further explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MSC-CM-T in topical gel preparation in accelerating optimal wound healing through analyzing PDGF levels, wound closure rate percentages, and fibroblast density appearances. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were performed a full-thickness excision. The group studies were randomly assigned into four subgroups: control gel, control medium, and two treatment groups: MSC-CM-T topical gel at doses of 100 μL and 200 μL (T1 and T2, respectively). Wound closure rates were measured by standard caliper, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels were analyzed using ELISA on days 3 and 6, whereas the fibroblast density appearances were determined using hematoxylin-eosin staining. This study found a significant increase in PDGF levels in all treatment groups on days 3 and 6. These findings were in line with the increase of wound closure rates in all treatment groups on day 6, in which the high dose of MSC-CM-T was more effective in initiating the increase of wound closure rate. We also found the fibroblast density appearances on day 6 in the T2 group. We conclude that the topical gel of MSC-CM-T is more effective in accelerating wound closure healing through increasing PDGF levels and wound closure percentages and fibroblast density appearances in the skin defect animal models.