bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fenómeno de Lázaro : retorno de la circulación espontánea después del cese de reanimación cardiopulmonar prolongada en paciente con covid-19.
Authors: Oyola Yepes Antonio José , Martínez Ávila María Cristina , Almanza Hurtado Amilkar José , Trespalacios Sierra Alvano David , Rodríguez Yánez Tomás , Dueñas Castell Carmelo
Published: October 2021

Introducción: la pandemia por la infección del SARS-CoV-2 o COVID-19 ha impactado de manera inimaginable los sistemas de salud a nivel mundial. La parada cardiorrespiratoria sigue siendo una emergencia médica potencialmente reversible que requiere la realización de un conjunto de maniobras destinadas a sustituir y restaurar la respiración y la circulación espontánea. Suspender una reanimación cardiopulmonar corresponde usualmente a un dilema ético-clínico que debe asumir el profesional de salud a cargo. El “fenómeno de Lázaro” es un síndrome inusual y de difícil explicación fisiopatológica definido como el retorno espontáneo de la circulación en ausencia de cualquier técnica de soporte vital o tras el cese de las maniobras de reanimación cardiopulmonar fallidas. Caso clínico: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 79 años hospitalizada en unidad de cuidados intensivos por choque séptico de origen pulmonar asociado a infección por COVID-19 quien presenta parada cardiorrespiratoria que requirió maniobras de reanimación durante 40 minutos no exitosas, declarada fallecida. Tras 20 minutos del fallecimiento presenta retorno a la circulación espontánea. Conclusión: los cambios fisiopatológicos del fenómeno de Lázaro nos recuerdan las limitaciones que tenemos para determinar cuándo finalizar la reanimación cardiopulmonar y su interrupción debe abordarse con más cuidado, especialmente en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19.
Vacunas en el derecho a la salud.
Authors: Olivera Diaz Álvaro
Published: October 2021

Para las actuales generaciones del planeta la presente pandemia es algo inédito, salvo excepciones. Antaño, como hoy, prevalece el interés primario de la ciencia centrado en el bienestar humano; aunque las investigaciones conducentes a innovación y desarrollo de vacunas estén mediadas por intereses comerciales; lo relevante es la financiación de las multinacionales farmacéuticas que lo hacen posible, porque los presupuestos oficiales para investigación académica son limitados frente a las exigencias económicas y costos de los ensayos clínicos, método que valida la evidencia científica con el rigor que lo fundamenta y sustenta. Declarada la pandemia, hasta ahora incontrolable, las investigaciones en los campos de diagnóstico, prevención y terapéuticos son permanentes. Y por supuesto, las expectativas de la gente que reclama derechos a la salud y a la asistencia sanitaria. El primero, en el sentido de no ser sujetos de la acción lesiva de otros, incluido el Estado. El segundo, consistente en el derecho positivo estipulado en normas como la Ley Estatutaria en salud de 2015 en Colombia, que consagra instrumentos jurídicos para garantizarlo. En ese escenario existen preocupaciones porque el orden internacional privilegia el poder de las naciones desarrolladas, que deriva en riesgos éticos para distribuir las vacunas cuando se adolece de inequidad, a sabiendas de la declaración de los derechos humanos universales que conlleva interpretaciones y trasfondos de obviedad, por lo que recientemente el director de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha advertido sobre el fracaso moral en que subyace el abismo de la inequidad.
Granuloma piógeno gigante : reporte de caso.
Authors: Orozco Sebá Beatríz Elena , Meléndez Ramírez Esperanza , Rodríguez Safi Juan Sebastián , Maraby Martínez Samia Zulema
Published: October 2021

Introducción: el granuloma piógeno es un tumor vascular benigno de la piel o de membranas mucosas que se produce probablemente debido a una respuesta hiperplásica reactiva a un estímulo angiogénico desequilibrado. Clínicamente suelen ser pápulas solitarias que suelen crecer con rapidez hacia un tumor pediculado de superficie ulcerada y sangrantes en el transcurso de semanas a meses, el tamaño puede variar desde milímetros hasta unos centímetros en las lesiones más grandes. Es muy raro que adquiera un tamaño mayor de 1 centímetro y puede persistir indefinidamente si no se extirpa. Caso clínico: paciente femenina de 29 años de edad que presentaba lesión tumoral pediculada color parduzco de aproximadamente 2 meses de evolución con rápido crecimiento. Inició con una pápula eritematosa asintomática que posteriormente se torna dolorosa, sin antecedente de trauma previo. Al examen físico se apreciaba lesión tumoral lobulada, con zonas ulceradas y fragilidad capilar. Se llevó a cabo la extirpación de la lesión y esta fue enviada a patología, reportando que los hallazgos microscópicos eran concordantes con un hemangioma lobular capilar. En el control realizado cuarenta y cinco días después de la resección no se encontró recidiva de la lesión. Conclusión: el granuloma piógeno es una lesión tumoral benigna que es relativamente frecuente, sin embargo, el granuloma piógeno gigante es rara de observar, ya que estas lesiones con poca frecuencia sobrepasan 1 centímetro de diámetro. Su tratamiento por lo general es la resección quirúrgica, acompañada también de la evasión de factores que puedan provocar su recurrencia.
Development of national payment systems: problems and prospects
Authors: Polishchuk Nataliia , Golda Nadiya
Published: October 2021

The article presents the theoretical aspects of the payment system, clarifies the definition of the national payment system of a complex and interconnected set of payment and technical elements, each of which contributes to the efficient functioning of both the financial sector and the national economy as a whole. The classification features according to which payment systems are classified are generalized and their types are given. The main tasks of payment systems functioning are outlined. The components of the payment system of Ukraine are considered. The modern basic requirements to payment systems are defined. The current payment systems in Ukraine are analyzed, among which: the national electronic payment system (EPS), created by the National Bank of Ukraine, the National Payment System "Ukrainian Payment Space", 10 intrabank payment systems, 2 money transfer systems, 11 money transfer systems, 1 system settlements and 1 card system created by non-banking institutions, as well as 8 money transfer systems and 4 card payment systems created by non-residents, as well as international payment systems, which include 5 money transfer systems created by Ukrainian banks and 4 money transfer systems created by non-banking institutions . The current state of operations of Ukrainian banks with electronic money is studied. The basic requirements for national payment systems are given. Measures to increase the level of security of the national payment system of Ukraine are outlined. Recommendations for the development of the electronic payment system of Ukraine are presented. Special attention needs to be paid to the development of the national payment system of Ukraine, which depends on the effectively implemented innovations, which consist in the application and expansion of non-cash forms of payment and guarantee of the electronic payment system.
Estado actual del consumo de alcohol en una institución de educación superior en estudiantes universitarios durante el 2017 en Bogotá
Authors: Buriticá Quinceno María Johana , Ramírez Ayde Lorena
Published: October 2021

Considerando que el alcohol es la primera sustancia psicoactiva de uso lícito que causa mayor morbilidad y mortalidad debido al alto nivel de dependencia. Los universitarios caracterizan por manifestaciones de independencia y deseos de experimentar nuevos comportamientos como “adultos” que pueden llegar a ser promotores para del consumo de alcohol. El consumo de alcohol es un problema de salud pública en especial identificado en los universitarios de acuerdo al estudio de: consumo de alcohol en universitarios en el 2005 de la Universidad Católica de Colombia. Describir el consumo de alcohol en una institución de educación superior en estudiantes universitarios durante el 2017 en Bogotá. El estudio es de corte descriptivo–transversal con una muestra de estudiantes universitarios, obtenida por muestreo aleatorio estratificado con una muestra de 3360 estudiantes distribuidos por facultades y programas. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó un cuestionario para caracterizar el consumo de alcohol y los factores sociodemográficos y se aplicó el test de AUDIT, para medir el consumo de alcohol. El análisis de la información incluyó estadísticos descriptivos de las características sociodemográficos y patrones de consumo sin asociaciones de variables. Se encontró una prevalencia de consumo de alcohol de 62,8 %, la mayoría de estudiantes reportan consumir alcohol con su grupo de amigos (49,6 %), La frecuencia de consumo de alcohol se da principalmente cada mes (62 %) y frente al sexo, las mujeres son quienes mayor consumen con un (68,5 %), la edad de inicio de consumo alcohol se sitúa a los 15 años. Los niveles de consumo de alcohol en la comunidad universitaria se encuentran por encima del 50 % y es necesario que las universidades desarrollen acciones de control diferenciales.
Всихання клена гостролистого (Acer platanoides L.) в Україні та причини погіршення його стану в Харківській області
Authors: Ustsky I. M. , Mikhaylichenko O. A. , Zhadan I. V.
Published: October 2021

Розвиток патологічних процесів у насадженнях клена гостролистого (Acer platanoides L.) за період 1994–2018 рр. викликаний кліматичними змінами. Наслідком цих змін є хвороби, площа осередків яких суттєво збільшилася починаючи з 2009 р. і станом на 2018 р. досягли максимуму. Основною причиною всихання клена у Харківській області є відхилення від норми кліматичних показників періоду кінця 2015 та початку 2016 років. Цей період характеризувався посухою у серпні – жовтні 2015 р. (22 мм опадів) та перевищенням середніх багаторічних показників температури та опадів (у 3 та 2 рази відповідно) у листопаді. Тривале зниження температури наприкінці грудня спричинило обмерзання пагонів, а потепління в третій декаді лютого 2016 р. було перерване зниженням температури до -4°С, під час якого обмерзали бруньки та пагони, коли вже почався сокорух. Найбільшу втрату крон (до 90 %) мали насадження на важкосуглинистих чорноземах. На ґрунтах із легшим механічним складом рівень дефоліації був суттєво меншим.
Adsorption performance of anionic textile dye (Nylosan Red N-2RBL) onto raw, sodic and fractionated sodic inorganic clay material
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mohamed BOUDIAf -M’Sila, Bp 166, 28000 M’sila, Algeria, TERCHI Smail , LADJAL Naziha ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mohamed BOUDIAf -M’Sila, Bp 166, 28000 M’sila, Algeria, ZIDELKHEIR Belkacem ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mohamed BOUDIAf -M’Sila, Bp 166, 28000 M’sila, Algeria
Published: October 2021

The inorganic montmorillonitic clay material in raw and modified forms (sodic and fractionated, sodic materials) was evaluated as adsorbent for anionic textile dye (Nylosan Red N-2RBL). A various characterization using XRD, XRF, AFM, FTIR, TG, adsorption of methylene blue and pHPCN of the considered samples was realized. The experimental results show that, the adsorption was pH dependent with a high adsorption capacity of NR dye in acidic range. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the experimental data for the adsorption of dye by clay materials. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The best fit of experimental data was obtained by the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of the raw clay calculated by the latest isotherm model is 62.05 mg/g. It is increased in modified forms (170.11 and 201 mg/g for sodic clay and fractionated sodified clay materials, respectively). Increasing solution ionic strength (NaCl, KCl, NaNO3, and Na2SO4) increased significantly the adsorption of dye.
Ultrasound-assisted synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some novel benzoxanonyhyldrazone derivatives
Authors:   Laboratory of Synthesis and Organic Biocatalysis (LSBO), Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry Group, BADJI Mokhtar-Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria, CHETTIBI Naouel , BENTOUMI Houria ,   Laboratory of Synthesis and Organic Biocatalysis (LSBO), Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry Group, BADJI Mokhtar-Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria, LIACHA Messaoud ,   Laboratory of Synthesis and Organic Biocatalysis (LSBO), Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry Group, BADJI Mokhtar-Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria
Published: October 2021

Some new benzoxazinonylhydrazone analogs derived from substituted benzaldehydes and benzoxazin-3(4H)-one pharmacophore have been synthesized by simple and efficient methods, using ultrasound (US) irradiations as well as conventional thermal heating (CTH). The treatment of the benzoxazinonylhydrazide (3) with the corresponding aromatic aldehyde, resulted in the formation of benzoxazinonylhydrazones (4a–4f) in good yields and short reaction times. The proposed structures of the obtained hydrazone compounds were identified and elucidated on the basis of FT-IR and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were screened in vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against three types of bacteria (S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa) and one type of fungi (C. albicans), respectively, by disc diffusion method. All of these hydrazone compounds exhibited remarkable antifungal activity and very moderate antibacterial activity.
Estimation of biocidal activity of some imidazoline derivatives by using pathogenic bacterial and yeast strains
Authors:   „Gheorghe Asachi “ Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, Iaşi, Roumania, MOCANU Anca Mihaela , DIACONU Mariana ,   „Gheorghe Asachi“ Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Iaşi, Roumania, BULGARIU Laura ,   „Gheorghe Asachi“ Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Iaşi, Roumania
Published: October 2021

The present study is aimed to estimate the biocidal activity of some imidazoline derivatives with potential biological activities such as cardiovascular, analgesic, vasodilating, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, herbicidal and plant growth regulatory properties The newly obtained compounds were studied for their biocidal activities on two pathogenic bacterial species (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and also on an yeast strain (Candida albicans), in vitro, when their efficiency was estimated by means of the submerged cultivation method and the biomass determination. The compounds under study showed a variable bacterial growth inhibitory activity.
Predicted single point mutations in ganglioside-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 S and recognition by 9-O-acetylated sialic acid and hydroxychloroquine
Authors:   Center for Biophysical and Chemical Research, Belgrade Institute of Science and Technology, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia, MITRASINOVIC Petar M.
Published: October 2021

The infectious disease CoViD-19 is caused by a new severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). A possible infection mechanism includes dual host receptor recognitions by the SARS-CoV-2 transmembrane spike (S) glycoproteins. SARS-CoV-2 S contains two different domains, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD), which interact with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the ganglioside-rich domain of the plasma membrane at the surface of respiratory cell, respectively. NTD amino acids (111-162) form a functional ganglioside-binding domain (GBD) that is conserved in all clinical isolates. Herein, the single point mutations (SPMs) of GBD residues to which the virus is prone during genetic adaptation are predicted using an in silico protein engineering approach. Consequently, their effects on the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 S to the ganglioside-linked 9-O-acetylated sialic acid (9-O-Ac-Sia) are explored using molecular docking simulations. Val120Tyr and Asn122Trp are found to be the most likely SPMs in the GBD of SARS-CoV-2 S being involved in very specific recognition with 9-O-Ac-Sia through electrostatic interactions. Val120Tyr and Asn122Trp are also found to be the most likely SPMs in the GBD of SARS-CoV-2 S that is involved in conspicuously hydrophobic recognition with hidroxychloroquine (Hcq), thereby indicating the ability of Hcq to competitively inhibit GBD interactions with lipid rafts. However, the considerably non-specific binding of Hcq and the micromolar range of the dissociation constants of the SARS-CoV-2 S/Hcq complexes do not support the proposal of treating Hcq as a drug candidate. A usable guideline for the structure-based design of anti-CoViD-19 drugs is given.
Non-covalent interactions evidenced by EPR spectroscopy in cyclodextrin complexes
Authors:   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania, MATEI Iulia , POPESCU Elena Irina ,   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania, MOCANU Sorin ,   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania, HRISTEA Elena Nuşa ,   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania, SAVONEA Florenţa ,   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania, BĂRĂŢOIU Rodica ,   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania, IONIŢĂ Gabriela ,   Roumanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest, 060021, Roumania
Published: October 2021

In this review are summarized studies, performed by researchers from the “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, involving electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy on non-covalent interactions. The review examines interactions between paramagnetic hosts and diamagnetic guests, diamagnetic hosts and paramagnetic guests, diamagnetic hosts and dual paramagnetic-fluorescent guests, interactions that accompany the formation of gel systems and interactions of fatty acid-like spin probes with proteins.
Stereochemistry – key role in the rearrangements of dibenzo-C8 and -C9 derivatives
Authors:   “C. D. Nenitzescu” Center of Organic Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Roumania, HIRTOPEANU Anca , FLOREA Cristina ,   “C. D. Nenitzescu” Center of Organic Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Roumania, STANESCU Michaela Dina ,   “Aurel Vlaicu”  University, Elena Dragoi str. 2-4, 310330 Arad, Roumania
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the pioneer research being initiated and conducted by the late Acad. C. D. Nenitzescu and Acad. E. Cioranescu in the Department of Organic Chemistry of the University POLITEHNICA Bucharest, and the Center of Organic Chemistry of the Romanian Academy,. A review of these works seems necessary in order to emphasize the importance of the described researches in their theoretical and practical aspects. The dibenzo-cycloalkanes are compounds with interesting behavior, giving different rearranged products, difficult to obtain by other type of syntheses. The modification of the product stability given by adding a carbon atom is also of interest, the steric factor changing radically the behavior of homologue compounds. The potential biological activity of some of these compounds is important for practical applications. The studied compounds were the subject of several PhD theses of the members of Acad. Cioranescu’s research team. It should also be mentioned that the obtained bridged compounds are raw materials for interesting heterocyclic compounds like the tryptycene analogue prepared in collaboration with Acad. A. T. Balaban.
On degree- and -distance-based topological indices
Authors:   Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, P. O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac Serbia, GUTMAN Ivan
Published: October 2021

In addition to a great variety of degree-based and distance-based molecular structure descriptors, there are a few degree-and-distance-based topological indices. Two main such indices are the degree distance (DD) and the Gutman index (ZZ). Their mutual relations are analyzed and several new such relations established. It is shown that by conveniently chosen linear combinations of DD, ZZ and the Wiener index, it is possible to calculate several chemically interesting structural properties of molecular graphs.
1H NMR and conformational analysis of diastereotopic methylene protons in achiral flexible molecules
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, One Washington Square, San José State University, San José, CA 95192-0101, USA, GHEORGHIU Mircea D. , VALDEZ Carlos A. ,   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA, RACOVEANU Ana ,   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
Published: October 2021

Unlike diastereotopic -CH2- protons from chiral compounds, the diastereotopic protons from achiral compounds may not be easily predictable. For molecules with flexible chain this task is even more problematic. Additionally, the assignment from the experimental 1H NMR spectrum of chemical shifts and coupling constants is very frequently uncertain. Nevertheless, computationally, for both chiral and achiral molecules the -CH2- protons diastereotopic nature is evident as well as NMR parameters assignments. In the present paper we examine the NMR parameters calculated as a sum of Boltzmann weighted average of the lowest conformations that fits a window less than 10 kJ/mole. A Spartan20 six steps protocol was chosen to select the lower energy conformations. The NMR conformationally averaged parameters obtained for 2-ethyl-2-hyroxybutanoic acid (EHB) and citric acid (CA), both achiral molecules, and the chiral malic acid (MA) fit acceptable well with the experimental data, although the calculation is done for gas phase (conformations dominated by intermolecular hydrogen bonding) and the experiment was carried out in D2O (conformations controlled by intermolecular hydrogen bonding of highly decorated molecules with OH and COOH that can interact with the solvent). In addition, in the present paper we have examined EHB, CA and MA the lowest energy conformer geometry, Atom in Molecules (AIM) and Natural Bond Orbital protocols to identify the intramolecular hydrogen bonds.
Thermal behavior of Cu-doped TiO2 gels synthesized by the sol-gel method
Authors:   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Roumania, PANDELE-CUSU Jeanina , ATKINSON Irina ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Roumania, RUSU Adriana ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Roumania, APOSTOL Nicoleta ,   National Institute of Materials Physics, 405 bis Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Roumania, TEODORESCU Valentin ,   National Institute of Materials Physics, 405 bis Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Roumania, PREDOANA Luminita ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Roumania, SZILÁGYI Imre M. ,   Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary, POKOL György ,   Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary, ZAHARESCU Maria ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

The thermal behavior of Cu-doped TiO2 gels obtained by the sol-gel method was investigated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTG/DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The comparative investigation of the structure and morphology of the as-prepared gels and of the nanopowders obtained by annealing them was realized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Significant differences were noticed depending on the amount of dopant (0.5 or 2.0 mol % CuO). A higher dopant concentration resulted in a more complex decomposition of the sample. This behavior was associated with the formation of various molecular species in the sol-gel solutions before gelation, determined by the different amount of the dopant used.
Ti-SBA-15 mesoporous photocatalysts modified with lanthanides for degradation of dyes in aqueous solution
Authors:   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021, Bucharest, Roumania, NEGOESCU Daniela , CULITA Daniela Cristina ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021, Bucharest, Roumania, ATKINSON Irina ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021, Bucharest, Roumania, BRATAN Veronica ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021, Bucharest, Roumania, PETRESCU Simona ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021, Bucharest, Roumania, PARVULESCU Viorica ,   ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021, Bucharest, Roumania
Published: October 2021

New bimetallic LnTi-SBA-15 (where Ln is Eu or Pr) photocatalysts were obtained by immobilization of the lanthanide ions on Ti-SBA-15 supports synthesized by direct- and post-synthesis methods. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The obtained results evidenced an insignificant effect of Eu and Pr on support ordered mesoporous structure and optical properties of titania dispersed species. The activity of these photocatalysts was evaluated in the photocatalytic degradation, under UV light (254 nm), of Brilliant blue FCF from aqueous solutions. A higher activity was obtained for samples with lower loading of lanthanide. The best results were obtained for samples with lowest Eu oxide loading (2.5%).
Circulating Tumour DNA for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Syarif Ayu Hutami
Published: October 2021

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been deathly cancer arising from pancreatic cells. Despite the improvement in the standard of diagnosis, most patients seek medical care in the late stage. Due to the aggressiveness of the disease, it is therefore imperative to detect the early lesion for a better outcome.Methods: We identified 416 articles relevant to circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and PDAC using predefined keywords in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2011, to January 1, 2021 (10 years). Firstly, we screened the titles and abstracts, and 63 articles were included. Then, we screened those articles for the full-text version and included only 8 articles fulfilling our inclusion criteria. All steps were reviewed by the author.Results: The presence of ctDNA in the blood reflects the occurrence of the pancreatic cancerspecific mutation in the primary tumor. The detection of KRAS mutation in ctDNA and tumor samples is highly consistent. The number of positive findings in early-stage patients is low, in line with the low ctDNA concentration measured. However, the combination of KRAS detected in ctDNA and other biomarkers showed prominent results with higher sensitivity and specificity.Conclusions: ctDNA is a promising tool for early detection of PDAC. Despite its low positivity rate in certain studies, it is considerably concordant with the primary tumor. Future improvement in the technique application is required to overcome the issue of low DNA concentration in circulation.
Sanayi Üretimi ile Yük Taşımacılığı Arasındaki Eş-Bütünleşme ve Nedensellik İlişkisi
Authors: DİNÇEL İlknur Yeşim
Published: October 2021

Sanayi üretimindeki gelişmeler pek çok sektöre ivme kazandırırken, ulaşım modları üzerinde de etkili olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, sanayi üretimi ve taşımacılık yöntemleri arasındaki ilişkiye dikkat çekerek, karayolu ve demiryolu altyapısının uzun dönemli planlamalarda iktisadi etkinlik açısından önemini ampirik olarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Buna yönelik olarak, Türkiye’de 1986-2019 yılları arasında, sanayi üretimi ile karayolu ve demiryolu yük taşımacılığı ilişkisi zaman serisi analizi ile incelenmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişki eş-bütünleşme ve nedensellik testine tabi tutularak, ilişkinin varlığı ve yönü araştırılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, karayolu ve demiryolu yük taşımacılığı ile sanayi üretimi arasında çok kuvvetli bir ilişkiye ulaşılmıştır. Sanayi üretimi ile demiryolu yük taşımacılığı arasında hem kısa hem uzun dönemde karşılıklı ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu iki unsur arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi de bulunmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, sanayi üretimi ile karayolu yük taşımacılığı arasında kısa dönemde anlamlı bir ilişkiye ulaşılamazken, yalnızca uzun dönemde anlamlı bir ilişkinin varlığı saptanmıştır. Karayolu yük taşımacılığı-sanayi üretimi arasında, sanayi üretimi-demiryolu yük taşımacılığındaki nedenselliğe benzer bir ilişkiye ise ulaşılamamıştır.
Three-Dimensional Printing Assisted Preoperative Surgical Planning for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Uzunoglu Inan , Kızmazoglu Ceren , Husemoglu Resit Buğra , Gurkan Gokhan , Uzunoglu Cansu , Atar Murat , Cakır Volkan , Aydın Hasan Emre , Sayın Murat , Yuceer Nurullah
Published: October 2021

Objective : The aim of this study to investigate the benefits of patient-based 3-dimensional (3D) cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) models for preoperative surgical planning and education.Methods : Fifteen patients were operated on for AVMs between 2015 and 2019 with patient-based 3D models. Ten patients’ preoperative cranial angiogram screenings were evaluated preoperatively or perioperatively via patient-based 3D models. Two patients needed emergent surgical intervention; their models were solely designed based on their AVMs and used during the operation. However, the other patients who underwent elective surgery had the modeling starting from the skull base. These models were used both preoperatively and perioperatively. The benefits of patients arising from treatment with these models were evaluated via patient files and radiological data.Results : Fifteen patients (10 males and five females) between 16 and 66 years underwent surgery. The mean age of the patients was 40.0±14.72. The most frequent symptom patients observed were headaches. Four patients had intracranial bleeding; the symptom of admission was a loss of consciousness. Two patients (13.3%) belonged to Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade I, four (26.7%) belonged to SM grade II, eight (53.3%) belonged to SM grade III, and one (6.7%) belonged to SM grade IV. The mean operation duration was 3.44±0.47 hours. Three patients (20%) developed transient neurologic deficits postoperatively, whereas three other patients died (20%).Conclusion : Several technological innovations have emerged in recent years to reduce undesired outcomes and support the surgical team. For example, 3D models have been employed in various surgical procedures in the last decade. The routine usage of patient-based 3D models will not only support better surgical planning and practice, but it will also be useful in educating assistants and explaining the situation to the patient as well.
The Tumor Control According to Radiation Dose of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Small and Medium-Sized Brain Metastases from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Park Sue Jee , Lim Sa-Hoe , Kim Young-Jin , Moon Kyung-Sub , Kim In-Young , Jung Shin , Kim Seul-Kee , Oh In-Jae , Hong Jong-Hwan , Jung Tae-Young
Published: October 2021

Objective : The effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) in the treatment of brain metastases is well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of maximizing the radiation dose in GKR and the factors influencing tumor control in cases of small and medium-sized brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods : We analyzed 230 metastatic brain tumors less than 5 mL in volume in 146 patients with NSCLC who underwent GKR. The patients had no previous radiation therapy for brain metastases. The pathologies of the tumors were adenocarcinoma (n=207), squamous cell carcinoma (n=18), and others (n=5). The radiation doses were classified as 18, 20, 22, and 24 Gy, and based on the tumor volume, the tumors were categorized as follows : small-sized (less than 1 mL) and medium-sized (1–3 and 3–5 mL). The progression-free survival (PFS) of the individual 230 tumors and 146 brain metastases was evaluated after GKR depending on the pathology, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score (PS), tumor volume, radiation dose, and anti-cancer regimens. The radiotoxicity after GKR was also evaluated.Results : After GKR, the restricted mean PFS of individual 230 tumors at 24 months was 15.6 months (14.0–17.1). In small-sized tumors, as the dose of radiation increased, the tumor control rates tended to increase (p=0.072). In medium-sized tumors, there was no statistically difference in PFS with an increase of radiation dose (p=0.783). On univariate analyses, a statistically significant increase in PFS was associated with adenocarcinomas (p=0.001), tumors with ECOG PS 0 (p=0.005), small-sized tumors (p=0.003), radiation dose of 24 Gy (p=0.014), synchronous lesions (p=0.002), and targeted therapy (p=0.004). On multivariate analyses, an improved PFS was seen with targeted therapy (hazard ratio, 0.356; 95% confidence interval, 0.150–0.842; p=0.019). After GKR, the restricted mean PFS of brain at 24 months was 9.8 months (8.5–11.1) in 146 patients, and the pattern of recurrence was mostly distant within the brain (66.4%). The small and medium-sized tumors treated with GKR showed radiotoxicitiy in five out of 230 tumors (2.2%), which were controlled with medical treatment.Conclusion : The small-sized tumors were effectively controlled without symptomatic radiation necrosis as the radiation dose was increased up to 24 Gy. The medium-sized tumors showed potential for symptomatic radiation necrosis without signifcant tumor control rate, when greater than 18 Gy. GKR combined targeted therapy improved the tumor control of GKR-treated tumors.
Flow Diverter Devices for the Treatment of Unruptured Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysm
Authors: Kim Chang Hyeun , Lee Chi Hyung , Kim Young Ha , Sung Soon Ki , Son Dong Wuk , Lee Sang Weon , Song Geun Sung
Published: October 2021

Objective : Vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm (VADA) is a very rare subtype of intracranial aneurysms; when ruptured, it is associated with significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite several discussions and debates, the optimal treatment for VADA has not yet been established. In the last 10 years, flow diverter devices (FDD) have emerged as a challenging and new treatment method, and various clinical and radiological results have been reported about their safety and effectiveness. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results with the use of FDD in the treatment of unruptured VADA.Methods : We retrospectively evaluated the data of all patients with unruptured VADA treated with FDD between January 2018 and February 2021 at our hybrid operating room. Nine patients with unruptured VADA, deemed hemodynamically unstable, were treated with FDD. Among other parameters, the technical feasibility of the procedure, procedure-related complications, angiographic results, and clinical outcomes were evaluated.Results : Successful FDD deployment was achieved in all cases, and the immediate follow-up angiography showed intra-aneurysmal contrast stasis with parent artery preservation. A temporary episode of facial numbness and palsy was noted in one patient; however, the symptoms had completely disappeared when followed up at the outpatient clinic 2 weeks after the procedure. The 3–6 months follow-up angiography (n=9) demonstrated complete/near-complete obliteration of the aneurysm in seven patients, and partial obliteration and segmental occlusion in one patient each. In the patient who achieved only partial obliteration, there was a sac 13 mm in size, and there was no change in the 1-year follow-up angiography. In the patient with segmental occlusion, the cause could not be determined. The clinical outcome was modified Rankin Scale 0 in all patients.Conclusion : Our preliminary study using FDD to treat hemodynamically unstable unruptured VADA showed that FDD is safe and effective. Our study has limitations in that the number of cases is small, and it is not a prospective study. However, we believe that the study contributes to evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of FDD in the treatment of unruptured VADA.
A Profile of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Variants and Deficiency of Multicultural Families in Korea
Authors: Bahk Young Yil , Ahn Seong Kyu , Lee Jinyoung , Im Jae Hyoung , Yeom Joon-Sup , Park Sookkyung , Kwon Jeongran , Kan Hyesu , Kim Miyoung , Jang Woori , Kim Tong-Soo
Published: October 2021

Vivax malaria incidence in Korea is now decreased and showing a low plateau. Nowadays, vivax malaria in Korea is expected to be successfully eliminated with anti-malaria chemotherapy, primaquine, and vector control. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is associated with potential hemolytic anemia after primaquine administration. This inborn disorder has a pivotal polymorphism with genetic variants and is the most prevalent X-chromosome-linked disorder. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency was previously reported negligible in Korea. As the population of multicultural families pertaining marriage immigrants and their adolescents increases, it is necessary to check G6PD deficiency for them prior to primaquine treatment for vivax malaria. The prevalence of G6PD variants and G6PD deficiency in multicultural families was performed in 7 counties and 2 cities of Jeollanam-do (Province), Gyeonggi-do, and Gangwon-do. A total of 733 blood samples of multicultural family participants were subjected to test the phenotypic and genetic G6PD deficiency status using G6PD enzyme activity quantitation kit and PCR-based G6PD genotyping kit. The G6PD phenotypic deficiency was observed in 7.8% of male adolescent participants and 3.2% of materfamilias population. Based on the PCR-based genotyping, we observed total 35 participants carrying the mutated alleles. It is proposed that primaquine prescription should seriously be considered prior to malaria treatment.
Extermination Speed of an Imidacloprid and Flumethrin Polymer Matrix Collar against Larvae, Nymphs and Adults of Haemaphysalis longicornis
Authors: Ahn Kyu-Sung , Ahn Ah-Jin , Kim Ha-Jung , Lee Chang-Min , Suh Guk-Hyun , Won Eun Jeong , Shin SungShik
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an imidacloprid 10% and flumethrin 4.5% polymer matrix collar against the developmental stages of Haemaphysalis longicornis infesting dogs using the hair from treated dogs in a semi-in-vitro assay set. When incubated with 0.5 g of the hair collected from the dogs installed with the drug-embedded collar after 10 days, average death rate of the larval, nymphal, and adult H. longicornis was 21.5%, 77.9%, and 100% at 30 min, 1 hr, and 2 hr, respectively. This study showed the larval stages as well as the nymphal and adult stages of H. longicornis ticks are killed upon contact with the hair from dogs treated with the collar within 2 hr.
The role of intellectual property in security defense capacity of the state
Authors: Zaikivskyi Oleksandr , Onistrat Oleksandr
Published: October 2021

Keywords: defense capability, intellectual property, regulatory support

The conceptual issues of the legislation of Ukraine,which determine the state policy in the field of national security and defence, regardingthe settlement of issues related to ensuring the state defence capabilities are considered.The scientific publications on actual questions in this sphere concerningproblems and prospects of increase of defence capability of Ukraine are analysed.The role of intellectual property in all components of Ukraine's defence system hasbeen studied, and it has been noted that unresolved problems in the field of intellectualproperty management pose an increasing threat to Ukraine's national security.The importance of ensuring the protection of intellectual property in the process ofimplementing measures to improve the defence capabilities of the state and the needto improve legislation in this area is defined.Recommendations for improving the regulatory framework for national securityand defence in order to address the problematic issues of intellectual property in thisarea are submitted.State defence capability is the ability of state to defend itself in the event of armedaggression or armed conflict. It consists of material and immaterial elements and is aset of military, economic, social and moral and political potential in the field of defenceand appropriate conditions for its implementation.Resolving the issues of reforming not only the Armed Forces of Ukraine, but firstthe entire state, modernization and rearmament of the Ukrainian army has become avital necessity. Only the solution of this issue will allow to raise the defence capabilityof our state to the proper level for the preservation of independent Ukraine.Ensuring the military security of Ukraine largely depends on equipping the ArmedForces of Ukraine with modern types and models of weapons and military equipment,developed on the basis of intellectual property rights.It is the military-technical sphere where the objects of intellectual property rightsbelonging to the sphere of national security and defence are created, and the state isobliged to ensure their protection. This will increase the competitiveness of the domesticdefence industry and make claims impossible for anyone in the mass productionof weapons and military equipment for their own needs and for exports, which directlyaffects defence capabilities.And this requires proper protection of intellectual property rights both in theprocess of own production of weapons and military equipment, as well as in militarytechnicalcooperation.
Mitochondrial Translocator Protein (TSPO) Expression in the Brain After Whole Body Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Betlazar Calina , Middleton Ryan J. , Howell Nicholas , Storer Ben , Davis Emma , Davies Justin , Banati Richard , Liu Guo-Jun
Published: October 2021

The brain’s early response to low dose ionizing radiation, as may be encountered during diagnostic procedures and space exploration, is not yet fully characterized. In the brain parenchyma, the mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) is constitutively expressed at low levels by endothelial cells, and can therefore be used to assess the integrity of the brain’s vasculature. At the same time, the inducible expression of TSPO in activated microglia, the brain’s intrinsic immune cells, is a regularly observed early indicator of subtle or incipient brain pathology. Here, we explored the use of TSPO as a biomarker of brain tissue injury following whole body irradiation. Post-radiation responses were measured in C57BL/6 wild type (Tspo+/+) and TSPO knockout (Tspo–/–) mice 48 h after single whole body gamma irradiations with low doses 0, 0.01, and 0.1 Gy and a high dose of 2 Gy. Additionally, post-radiation responses of primary microglial cell cultures were measured at 1, 4, 24, and 48 h at an irradiation dose range of 0 Gy-2 Gy. TSPO mRNA and protein expression in the brain showed a decreased trend after 0.01 Gy relative to sham-irradiated controls, but remained unchanged after higher doses. Immunohistochemistry confirmed subtle decreases in TSPO expression after 0.01 Gy in vascular endothelial cells of the hippocampal region and in ependymal cells, with no detectable changes following higher doses. Cytokine concentrations in plasma after whole body irradiation showed differential changes in IL-6 and IL-10 with some variations between Tspo–/– and Tspo+/+ animals. The in vitro measurements of TSPO in primary microglial cell cultures showed a significant reduction 1 h after low dose irradiation (0.01 Gy). In summary, acute low and high doses of gamma irradiation up to 2 Gy reduced TSPO expression in the brain’s vascular compartment without de novo induction of TSPO expression in parenchymal microglia, while TSPO expression in directly irradiated, isolated, and thus highly activated microglia, too, was reduced after low dose irradiation. The potential link between TSPO, its role in mitochondrial energy metabolism and the selective radiation sensitivity, notably of cells with constitutive TSPO expression such as vascular endothelial cells, merits further exploration.
Loss of Function Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Variants Are Associated With Alterations in BMI, Bone Strength and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Kizilkaya Hüsün Sheyma , Sørensen Kimmie Vestergaard , Kibsgaard Camilla J. , Gasbjerg Laerke Smidt , Hauser Alexander S. , Sparre-Ulrich Alexander Hovard , Grarup Niels , Rosenkilde Mette M.
Published: October 2021

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and its receptor (GIPR) are involved in multiple physiological systems related to glucose metabolism, bone homeostasis and fat deposition. Recent research has surprisingly indicated that both agonists and antagonists of GIPR may be useful in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes, as both result in weight loss when combined with GLP-1 receptor activation. To understand the receptor signaling related with weight loss, we examined the pharmacological properties of two rare missense GIPR variants, R190Q (rs139215588) and E288G (rs143430880) linked to lower body mass index (BMI) in carriers. At the molecular and cellular level, both variants displayed reduced G protein coupling, impaired arrestin recruitment and internalization, despite maintained high GIP affinity. The physiological phenotyping revealed an overall impaired bone strength, increased systolic blood pressure, altered lipid profile, altered fat distribution combined with increased body impedance in human carriers, thereby substantiating the role of GIP in these physiological processes.