bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tunable triple plasmon-induced transparency in E-type graphene metamaterials
Authors: Lei Pengliang , Nie Guozheng , Li Huilin , Liu Nanliu , Zonglin Li , Peng Liang , Tang Xiaofang , Gao Enduo
Published: June 2024

Enhancing light-matter interaction is crucial for boosting the performance of nanophotonic devices, which can be achieved via plasmon-induced transparency (PIT). This study introduces what we believe to be a novel E-type metamaterial structure crafted from a single graphene layer. The structure, comprising a longitudinal graphene ribbon and three horizontal graphene strips, leverages destructive interference at terahertz frequencies to manifest triple plasmon-induced transparency (triple-PIT). Through a comparison of simulations using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and theoretical coupled-mode calculations, we elucidate the physical mechanism behind triple-PIT. Our analysis shows that the PIT effect arises from the interplay between two single-PITs phenomena, further explored through field distribution studies. Additionally, we investigate the impact of varying Fermi levels and carrier mobility on the transmission spectrum, achieving amplitude modulation in photoelectric switches of 85.5%, 99.2%, and 93.8% at a carrier mobility of 2 m2/(V·s). Moreover, we explore the relationship between Fermi levels and carrier mobility concerning the slow light effect, discovering a potential group index of up to 1021 for the structure. These insights underscore the significant potential of this graphene-based metamaterial structure in enhancing optical switches, modulators, and slow light devices.
Four-core fiber-based multi-tapered WaveFlex biosensor for rapid detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus using nanoparticles-enhanced probes
Authors: Fu Qianqian , Xie Yiyan , Gao Feilong , Singh Ragini , Zhou Xinlong , Zhang Bingyuan , Kumar Santosh
Published: June 2024

Infections caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) can be highly fatal, making rapid and sensitive detection of them is essential. A new optical fiber biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon is developed in this paper. A tapered-in-tapered fiber structure based on MFM is constructed by using four-core fiber (FCF) and multi-mode fiber (MMF) to qualitatively detect different concentrations of V. parahaemolyticus. The sensor successfully excites the LSPR phenomenon and increases the attachment point of biomolecules on the probe surface by fixing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles (MoS2-NPs) and cerium dioxide nanorods (CeO2-NRs). The functionalization of polyclonal antibodies on the probe surface can improve the specificity of the sensor. The linear detection range of the developed sensor was 1 × 100-1 × 107 CFU/mL, the sensitivity was 1.61 nm/[CFU/mL], and the detection limit was 0.14 CFU/mL. In addition, the reusability, reproducibility, stability, and selectivity of the sensor probe are also tested, which shows that the sensor has great application prospects.
iSCAT microscopy and particle tracking with tailored spatial coherence
Authors: Mazaheri Mahdi , Kasaian Kiarash , Albrecht David , Renger Jan , Utikal Tobias , Holler Cornelia , Sandoghdar Vahid
Published: June 2024

Interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy has demonstrated
unparalleled performance among label-free optical methods for
detecting and imaging isolated nanoparticles and molecules. However,
when imaging complex structures such as biological cells, the
superposition of the scattering fields from different locations of the
sample leads to a speckle-like background, posing a significant
challenge in deciphering fine features. Here, we show that by
controlling the spatial coherence of the illumination, one can
eliminate the spurious speckle without sacrificing sensitivity. We
demonstrate this approach by positioning a rotating diffuser coupled
with an adjustable lens and an iris in the illumination path. We
report on imaging at a high frame rate of 25 kHz and across a
large field of view of 100µm×100µm, while maintaining
diffraction-limited resolution. We showcase the advantages of these
features by three-dimensional (3D) tracking over 1000 vesicles in a
single COS-7 cell and by imaging the dynamics of the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) network. Our approach opens the door to the combination
of label-free imaging, sensitive detection, and 3D high-speed tracking
using wide-field iSCAT microscopy.
Integrated photonic structures for photon-mediated entanglement of trapped ions
Authors: Knollmann F. W. , Clements E. , Callahan P. T. , Gehl M. , Hunker J. D. , Mahony T. , McConnell R. , Swint R. , Sorace-Agaskar C. , Chuang I. L. , Chiaverini J. , Stick D.
Published: June 2024

Trapped atomic ions are natural candidates for quantum information processing and have the potential to realize or improve quantum computing, sensing, and networking. These applications often require the collection of individual photons emitted from ions into guided optical modes, in some cases for the production of entanglement between separated ions. Proof-of-principle demonstrations of such photon collection from trapped ions have been performed using high-numerical-aperture lenses or cavities and single-mode fibers, but integrated photonic elements in ion-trap structures offer advantages in scalability and manufacturability over traditional optics. In this paper we analyze structures monolithically fabricated with an ion trap for collecting ion-emitted photons, coupling them into waveguides, and manipulating them via interference. We calculate geometric limitations on collection efficiency for this scheme, simulate a single-layer grating that shows performance comparable to demonstrated free-space optics, and discuss practical fabrication and fidelity considerations. Based on this analysis, we conclude that integrated photonics can support scalable systems of trapped ions that can distribute quantum information via photon-mediated entanglement.
Integrated interferometers’ system for in situ real-time optical signal modulation
Authors: Chatterjee Kalipada , Nedoma Jan , Arumuru Venugopal , Sahu Subrat , Marques Carlos , Jha Rajan
Published: June 2024

Improving the functionality of an optical sensor on a prefabricated platform relies heavily on an optical signal conditioning method that actively modulates optical signals. In this work, we present a method for active modulation of an optical sensor response that uses fiber modal interferometers integrated in parallel. Over a broad frequency range of 1 Hz to 1 kHz, the interferometers’ technology allows for adjustable amplification, attenuation, and filtering of dynamic signals. The suggested method is also used to enhance the real-time response of an optical fluid flowmeter. In order to keep tabs on different physical fields, the suggested approach promotes the creation of self-conditioning sensing systems.
Remote sensing estimation of sugar beet SPAD based on un-manned aerial vehicle multispectral imagery
Authors: Gao Weishi , Zeng WanYing , Li Sizhong , Zhang Liming , Wang Wei , Song Jikun , Wu Hao
Published: June 2024

Accurate, non-destructive and cost-effective estimation of crop canopy Soil Plant Analysis De-velopment(SPAD) is crucial for precision agriculture and cultivation management. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms have shown tremendous potential in predicting crop canopy SPAD. This was because they can rapidly and accurately acquire remote sensing spectral data of the crop canopy in real-time. In this study, a UAV equipped with a five-channel multispectral camera (Blue, Green, Red, Red_edge, Nir) was used to acquire multispectral images of sugar beets. These images were then combined with five machine learning models, namely K-Nearest Neighbor, Lasso, Random Forest, RidgeCV and Support Vector Machine (SVM), as well as ground measurement data to predict the canopy SPAD of sugar beets. The results showed that under both normal irrigation and drought stress conditions, the SPAD values in the normal ir-rigation treatment were higher than those in the water-limited treatment. Multiple vegetation indices showed a significant correlation with SPAD, with the highest correlation coefficient reaching 0.60. Among the SPAD prediction models, different models showed high estimation accuracy under both normal irrigation and water-limited conditions. The SVM model demon-strated a good performance with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.635, root mean square error (Rmse) of 2.13, and relative error (Re) of 0.80% for the prediction and testing values under normal irrigation. Similarly, for the prediction and testing values under drought stress, the SVM model exhibited a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.609, root mean square error (Rmse) of 2.71, and rela-tive error (Re) of 0.10%. Overall, the SVM model showed good accuracy and stability in the pre-diction model, greatly facilitating high-throughput phenotyping research of sugar beet canopy SPAD.
Morbidity transition at the national and sub-national level and their determinants over the past and contemporary period in India
Authors: Bramhankar Mahadev , Dhar Murali
Published: June 2024

The study delves into the epidemiological transition, examining the intricate changes in health status patterns and their connection to morbidities. Specifically, it assesses morbidity transition at both national and subnational levels in India and their determinants from 1995 to 2018. This study examines self-reported morbidities in India by utilising four rounds of National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) data (52nd, 60th, 71st, and 75th) from 1995–2018. We estimated prevalence by conducting descriptive analysis on socio-demographic determinants and morbidities such as: Infectious and Communicable Diseases (In&CDs), Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), Disability and other diseases. Moreover, we employed pooled regression analysis to explore morbidity risk transitions over the past decades. The study revealed a steady upsurge in morbidity prevalence in India, doubling from 56 (per thousand) in 1995 to 106 in 2014. However, a considerable decline was observed in the most recent round in 2018 (79 per thousand). From 1995 to 2018, NCDs gained a prominent share in morbidity trends. Kerala in the southern region reported the highest rates, followed by states like Lakshadweep, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal, Punjab, and others. Age, sex, residence, education, caste, religion, and wealth are pivotal factors in determining the severity of different disease burdens in different sections of the population in India. Over the study period (1995, 2004, 2014, and 2018), the odds of reported morbidities risk transition significantly increased over successive decades: 1.81 times in 2004 (95% CI: 1.78–1.84), 2.16 times in 2014 (95% CI: 2.12–2.2), and 1.44 times in 2018 (95% CI: 1.41–1.46), compared to 1995 (52nd round). The study reveals significant disparities in morbidity reporting across Indian states from 1995 to 2018, attributed to distinct demographic, social, and economic determinants. India continues to grapple with the dual burden of diseases, but the NCDs burden is mounting at a faster pace than CDs.
Soccer Game Turned Bloody: A Case of Exercise-Induced Ischemic Colitis
Authors: Zaffar Duha , Rivera Eliesther , Schwartz Stephen , Ali Osman , Greenwald Bruce D.
Published: June 2024

Ischemic colitis (IC) should be considered as a cause for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with recent vigorous physical activity. Vasoconstriction driven by increased sympathetic tone during exercise is believed to mediate exercise-induced IC. In this report, a 21-year-old man with no medical history developed self-resolving, sudden-onset hematochezia and abdominal pain after playing in a collegiate soccer match for 90 minutes. Colonoscopy with biopsy showed changes consistent with IC. He improved without further treatment. In most cases, exercise-induced IC resolves completely with supportive care and correction of hypovolemia. Careful monitoring is appropriate before pursuing further evaluation.
Dancing with Uncertainty: Unraveling Firm Investment Inefficiencies in the Asia Pacific Region
Authors: Juliana Rita , Handoko Liza , Lee Nicholas
Published: June 2024

This study explores the intricate relationship between uncertainty and corporate investment inefficiencies in the Asia-Pacific region, utilizing data from non-financial firms between 2008 and 2021. The method used in the study is fixed effect regression with Driscoll-Kraay robust standard error. The empirical analysis unveils that uncertainty leads to overinvestment. This phenomenon is more pronounced in middle and low-income economies, while high-income countries display a distinct trend of less susceptibility to uncertainty-induced suboptimal investment choices. The study’s implications extend to policymakers and industry stakeholders, urging a closer examination of firms’ risk management strategies, particularly considering the strategic potential of overinvestment as a buffer against uncertainty’s adverse effects. This holds particular significance in the dynamic economic landscape of the Asia-Pacific countries, where the study contributes to a deeper understanding of the interplay between uncertainty and inefficiency of investment decisions across diverse economic settings.
Chemokines Induced in Human Respiratory Epithelial Cells by IL-1 Family of Cytokines
Authors: Brabcová Eva , Kolesár L. , Thorburn E. , Stříž I.
Published: June 2024

IL-1-related cytokines share similarities in their receptor distribution and signalling pathways; however, overlapping actions of these cytokines have not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of our study was to compare the capacity of different IL-1-related cytokines to stimulate production and release of multiple CC and CXC chemokines by epithelial cells. The chemokine gene expression was studied using a cDNA array system in human alveolar type-II like cells A549 stimulated by IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33. The chemokine levels in culture supernatants were measured using multiplex immunoluminometric assay or by ELISA. In repetitive experiments, in response to IL-1β epithelial cells expressed mRNA for CCL2, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL8, and CXCL11. In contrast, induction of epithelial cells by IL-33 and IL-18 resulted only in moderate up-regulation of a few CC or CXC chemokines compared to the potent effect of IL-1β stimulation. We conclude from our data that individual members of the IL-1 family, although related in molecular structure and signalling pathways, widely differ in their capacity to stimulate epithelial production of both CXC and CC chemokines.
DNA Damage in Wistar Rats Exposed to Dithiocarbamate Pesticide Mancozeb
Authors: Goldoni A. , Klauck C. R. , Da Silva S. T. , Da Silva M. D. , Ardenghi P. G. , Da Silva Luciano Basso
Published: June 2024

Pesticides are used in large amounts in agriculture and the evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to public and environmental health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genotoxic potential of a commercial formulation of the fungicide mancozeb by the micronucleus test in bone marrow and the comet assay in total blood of Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats were treated with a solution of mancozeb at a concentration of 40 mg/kg/day, administered intraperitoneally for 18 consecutive days, and compared to a control group. The results indicate that mancozeb induced significantly higher DNA damage as detected by the comet assay and increased the frequency of micronuclei. The results show that mancozeb is genotoxic and may adversely affect the DNA integrity of exposed organisms.
Does Erodium trifolium (Cav.) Guitt exhibit medicinal properties? Response elements from phytochemical profiling, enzyme-inhibiting, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Bouhedda Amina , Laouer Hocine , Souilah Nabila , Çakır Cansel , Bouriah Nacéra , Abu-Elsaoud Abdelghafar M. , Selamoglu Zeliha , Ben Hamadi Naoufel , Alomran Maryam M. , Özdemir Sadin , Öztürk Mehmet , Boufahja Fehmi , Bendif Hamdi
Published: June 2024

Geraniaceae are typically used as diuretic, anti-diarrhoeal, stomachic, and anti-hemorrhagic drugs. This study examined the phytochemicals and bioactivities in methanolic extract (ME) and petroleum ether extract (PEE) of the Erodium trifolium aerial part. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to assess the mineral profiles, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) were used to assess the phenolic content of ME, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to assess the fatty acid and volatile composition of the PEEs. In addition, the bioactivities of extracts were evaluated by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays, including enzyme inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-amylase, α-glucosidase activities, and antibacterial properties. HPLC-MS identified eight compounds in ME: rutin, catechin, and caffeine were the major phenolic compounds detected. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that 11 compounds detected among epicatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and gallic acid were predominant. GC-MS analysis revealed 30 fatty acids in PEE, with palmitic acid and oleic acid being predominant. The mineral content showed that Fe was the abundant microelement, and Ca and K were the abundant macroelements. The ME exhibited the highest activity compared to the PEE in all tests regarding antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Furthermore, all the extracts showed moderate inhibition against AChE, BChE, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. In conclusion, E. trifolium may be employed to separate novel bioactive metabolites with potential pharmaceutical activities.
Entrepreneurship Trainings and Human Capital Endowment: When Learning from External Sources Does (Not) Increase Performance
Authors: Storz Cornelia , Amoncio Egbert , Ramachandran Rajesh
Published: June 2024

Bottom-of-the-pyramid (BoP) entrepreneurs have few resources to draw on besides their human capital. We analyze the effects of a training program teaching lean management to BoP entrepreneurs in Zambia by comparing its performance effects across individuals with high and low levels of specific human capital. We find that participation in the entrepreneurship training program positively affects management practices related to lean management as well as cost reduction for all training participants. The program, however, has no uniform effect on profits. The effect is positive only for entrepreneurs equipped with specific human capital. Moreover, we observe that this effect is in particular strong for entrepreneurs with vocational education compared to work experience. This suggests that the value of entrepreneurship training programs is contingent on human-capital endowment and calls into question existing notions of what it means to offer such programs.
A systematic review of manual therapy modalities and anxiety
Authors: West Kayla L. , Huzij Teodor
Published: June 2024

Context

Anxiety disorders have a far-reaching impact on society, with profound implications on both mental and physical health. In response, there is growing interest in manual therapy modalities, with emerging research suggesting their potential to alleviate related symptoms.

Objectives

To establish a consensus regarding manual therapy modalities for addressing anxiety symptoms, a systematic review of current literature was conducted.

Methods

A literature search was conducted between May and August 2023, utilizing a systematic search on both PubMed and Google Scholar, adhering to the defined inclusion criteria. In addition, information was gathered utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Both authors (KLW and TH) conducted the literature review. The inclusion criteria include articles written in English, peer-reviewed, anxiety conditions documented, and manual therapy delivered by a respectfully qualified professional. Manual therapy modalities include massage therapy, osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), foot reflexology, acupressure, manual therapy, healing touch, therapeutic touch, and gentle touch. After initial data collection, both researchers independently screened articles utilizing two metrics: a level of evidence (LOE) table and a screening criterion incorporating unique elements from the search process. The quality of the included articles was assessed utilizing Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT). When reviewer discrepancies arose, authors reread full-text studies and discussed the inclusion and exclusion criteria to achieve consensus.

Results

The data searches identified 8,979 articles, with 239 articles remaining after duplicates and nonapplicable articles were removed. A total of 42 articles met the inclusion criteria, with only 40 articles able to be obtained for full-article review. After full review and the exclusion of articles with invalid author conclusions, meta-analysis, or systematic reviews, 34 articles were included in the review. All articles received an LOE rating of 2 or better and aligned with our specific screening criteria. Based on SORT, each modality was assigned a “B” rating. Among the included articles, n=27 demonstrated statistical significance in favor of manual therapy modalities as an anxiety treatment. The positive results for the aforementioned manual therapies on anxiety symptom improvement are shown: 15/18 (83 %) massage therapy, 2/6 (33 %) OMT, 5/5 (100 %) foot reflexology, 1/1 (100 %) acupressure, 1/1 (100 %) manual therapy, 0/2 (0 %) healing touch, 1/1 (100 %) therapeutic touch, and 1/1 (100 %) gentle touch.

Conclusions

A pattern emerged, wherein individuals receiving manual therapy interventions displayed a statistically significant reduction in anxiety intensity. Considering the positive results, manual therapy should be considered an effective strategy for anxiety management.
Mental disorders in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the DPV registry
Authors: Müller-Godeffroy Esther , Schmid Stefanie , Reinauer Christina , Galler Angela , Hilgard Dörte , Marshall Louise , Kapellen Thomas , Lilienthal Eggert , Mönkemöller Kirsten , Brosig Burkhard , Prchla Christine , Holl Reinhard W.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of children and adolescents in the general population, yet its impact on those with chronic conditions is relatively unknown. This study aimed to compare the incidences of comorbid mental disorders and substance misuse in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes before and during the pandemic.

Methods

A total of 42,975 patients aged 6–18 years from the multicentre DPV (Diabetes Prospective Follow-up) registry were included. Multivariable regression models were applied to compare newly diagnosed comorbid mental disorders, adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, among them the number of medical visits, during the pre-pandemic period (09/2017–02/2020) and the COVID-19 pandemic period (03/2020–08/2022).

Results

Analysing both sexes together, there were no differences in the incidence rates of overall mental disorders between the pandemic and the pre-pandemic period. However, girls showed an increased incidence rate (odds ratio 1.2, CI 1.1–1.3) during the pandemic. Adolescent girls also displayed higher incidence rates of depression, eating disorders, and self-harm. Substance misuse declined overall during the pandemic (odds ratio 0.8, CI 0.7–0.9).

Conclusions

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we found higher incidence rates of overall mental disorders in girls, but not in boys and not in the total study population of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Adolescent girls displayed increased incidence rates of depression, eating disorders, and self-harm. Substance misuse declined substantially. Clinicians should be aware of the high-risk group of adolescent girls during times of increased strain.
Encoding politeness in African urban youth languages: evidence from Southern Africa
Authors: Gibson Hannah , Marten Lutz , Ndlovu Sambulo
Published: June 2024

African urban youth languages (AUYLs) often function as languages of resistance and “anti-languages”, establishing alternative semiotic spaces. In this paper, we analyse the encoding of politeness and respect in AUYLs, drawing on examples from Southern Africa, and show that they have complex systems of politeness marking, comparable to the matrix languages on which they draw. This includes different types of address forms, polite reference forms, and the use of avoidance language. There are lexical and morphological strategies to achieve politeness in AUYLs and these can be used to express both negative and positive politeness. The picture that emerges from this study is consistent with previous findings showing the structural complexity of AUYLs. However, the paper suggests that the presence of complex politeness marking in AUYLs may reflect the complex, and at times ambiguous, relation of AUYLs with established, mainstream norms.
Clinical efficacy of dexamethasone combined with isoniazid in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis and its effect on peripheral blood T cell subsets
Authors: Hou TianYong , Wang JianWei , Shi Liang , Fan ShuHui , Li JingYing , Wang QuanHong
Published: June 2024

Objective

To investigate the clinical efficacy of dexamethasone (Dex) combined with isoniazid in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and its effect on peripheral blood T cell subsets.

Methods

A total of 235 patients with TBM were divided into the control group (117 cases) and the observation group (118 cases). Both groups were given conventional treatment, the control group was further given isoniazid, and the observation group was further given Dex combined with isoniazid. The therapeutic effect and improvement of clinical symptoms were evaluated, peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and neurological function were observed, and patients’ prognosis was evaluated.

Results

The total effective rate of the observation group was higher. The recovery time of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, CSF protein content, CSF cell count, and hospital stays in the observation group were shorter. The duration of cervicogenic headache, fever, vomiting, and coma in the observation group was shorter. CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ proportions in the observation group were higher, and CD8+ proportion was lower. The NIHSS score and MRS score of the observation group were lower, as well as the incidence of adverse reactions.

Conclusion

Dex combined with isoniazid alleviates clinical symptoms and neurological abnormalities and regulates peripheral blood T cell subsets in TBM.
Numerical and experimental study on the critical geometric variation based on sensitivity analysis on a compressor rotor
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhu Mingmin , Zhang Songan , Qiang Xiaoqing , Zheng Biaojie , Teng Jinfang
Published: June 2024

Different types of geometric variations often appear coupledly in manufactured blades. It is desired to identify the ones that have the strongest impact on the performance. In this paper, the influence of multiple geometric variations on the compressor rotor blade at the design point is studied. Two hundred and nine varied blades are constructed by adding variation data to the design-intent blade and assessed using steady-state Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations. It is shown that the region near the lower and upper end of the blade is more sensitive to geometric variations. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient is used to measure the sensitivity of rotor performance to geometric variations. The results show that the stagger angle variation is the most influencing variation. Local sensitivity analysis at different spans also shows that the stagger angle variation is an important geometric variation that needs more attention during blade manufacturing. Also, the influence of geometric variations can reach further than nearby regions. Consequently, experiments on linear cascades at different spans of the rotor are carried out to study the effect of stagger angle on flow characteristics. Results show that the stagger angle variation could lead to different changes in performance depending on the specific cascade profile.
On Altıncı Yüzyıl Asker Şairlerinden Sipâhî Bey’in Koca Sinanpaşazâde Mehmed Paşa Hicviyyesi
Authors: Öztürk Uğur
Published: June 2024

Bu makalede Osmanlı-Avusturya savaşları sırasında Rumeli beylerbeyi olan Koca Sinanpaşazâde Mehmed Paşa’nın Estergon kalesini düşmana bırakıp savaş alanından firar etmesi üzerine, savaşın canlı tanığı olan Sipâhî Bey tarafından Mehmed Paşa hakkında yazılmış hicviyyenin metni sunulup incelenmektedir. Tezkirelerde zeamet sahibi bir şair olarak zikredilen Sipâhî Bey’in bahsi geçen hicviyye dışında şiir mecmualarında birçok şiiri bulunmakta ve bu mecmualarda onun şairliğinden de övgüyle bahsedilmektedir. Sipâhî Bey tarafından Koca Sinanpaşazâde Mehmed Paşa hakkında yazılan mesnevi biçimindeki 39 beyitlik hicviyye aynı zamanda dönemin sultanı III. Mehmed’e arz edilen bir tür şikâyetnamedir. On altıncı yüzyılın sonunda baş gösteren Celâlî isyanları ve ‘uzun’ Batı seferlerinin etkisinde yazılan şiirde, Bosna sancağı ve çevresinde tımar sisteminin bozulmasından, kanûn-ı kadîme aykırı işlemlerden, küçük yaştaki kişilerin zaîm olmasından, zeamet sistemindeki olumsuz değişikliklerden bahsedilmiş ve yapılan usulsüzlükler dönemin padişahına şikâyet edilmiştir. Tüm bunlara ek olarak orduyu bırakıp kaçan Mehmed Paşa gibi kişiler bahsi geçen sorunlara neden olarak gösterilmiştir. Mehmed Paşa’ya karşı ağır ithamlardan bulanan Sipâhî Bey, onun yerine, hâmisi konumunda olan Sokolluzâde Hasan Paşa’nın orduya serdarlık etmesini istemiş ve Hasan Paşa övgüsüyle şiirini bitirmiştir. Yazıda genel olarak III. Mehmed dönemi batı seferlerine, hicviyye şairi Sipâhî Bey’in hayatına ve şiirinde ismini zikrettiği kişilere değinilecek ve ardından hicviyye metninin aslı ile incelemesine yer verilecektir.
Toplum Dil Bilimi Gözlüğüyle Necâtî Bey’in Bir Gazelini Okuma Denemesi
Authors: Tanyıldız Ahmet
Published: June 2024

İnsanlar yığınını bir arada tutan ve onların toplum hâline gelmesini sağlayan unsurların başında dil gelmektedir. Dilin toplumsal işlevini anlama gayretinde olan bilim insanları “toplum dil bilimi” adını verdikleri sahada çeşitli araştırmalar yapmışlardır. Bu çalışma da benzer bir çabanın ürünü olup divan şiirinin gündelik hayata ve topluma bakan yönünü vurgulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Söz konusu çerçevede Osmanlı şiirinin en güçlü seslerinden olan Necâtî Bey’in bir gazeli toplum dil bilimi unsurlarıyla yorumlanmaya çalışılacaktır.
Çalışmamız iki fikir üzerinden ilerleyecektir. İlki, edebî açıdan divan şiiri dilinin bir tür “lingua Franca” yahut “lingua Ottomanica” sayılması gerektiğidir. Zira ırkı, dili ve inancı birbirinden farklı yüzlerce sanatkâr, ortak kültür dili olan Osmanlı Türkçesi ile eserlerini kaleme almışlardır. İkincisi de konformist sanat çevrelerindeki yerleşik kanaatin aksine divan şairinin toplumun içinde ve toplumun bir ferdi olarak sanatını icra ettiğidir. Nitekim Necâtî Bey’in birçok şiiri bu iddianın karakteristik örnekleri sayılabilir.
Beş yüz yılı aşkın bir zaman önce söylenmiş olan bir gazelin endamına modern dönemde dikilmiş bir teori gömleğini giydirmeye çalışmak zordur. Buna rağmen “metin” ile “teori”nin bağdaşan yönlerini yakalamanın anlamlı bir çaba olacağı kanaatindeyiz.
Koçhisârîzâde Süleymân Tâlib’in Manzum Kasîde-i Bürde Tercümesi
Authors: Yazar Sadık , Erbil Esma
Published: June 2024

Osmanlı kültür ve edebiyat geleneğinde etkisi oldukça derin ve yoğun olan metinlerden biri Bûsîrî’nin nazmettiği ve Kasîde-i Bürde diye meşhur olan kasidedir. Farklı biçim ve içerikte tezahür eden bu etkinin önemli bir görünüm biçimi de kasidenin Türkçe şerh ve tercümeleridir. Son yirmi yılda tedrici olarak artan bilimsel çalışmalar sayesinde, bu şerh ve tercümelerin literatürü büyük oranda ortaya çıkarılmış olsa da bu literatürü oluşturan metinlerin neşri konusundaki çalışmalar devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada da Kasîde-i Bürde’ye yazılan manzum tercümelerden biri olarak 18. yüzyılda yaşadığı tespit edilen Koçhisârizâde Süleymân Tâlib’in yaptığı manzum tercüme ele alınacaktır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle tercümenin nazımı/yazarına dair bir tashih yapılarak konuyla ilgili birkaç çalışmada tercümenin Sükûtî mahlaslı Mehmed b. Şeyh Mustafâ’ya aidiyetinin hatalı olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Akabinde, neredeyse sadece Zeyl-i Siyer-i Veysî isimli eseri ile ancak son bir iki yılda gündeme gelen Koçhisârizâde Süleymân Tâlib’in biyografisi oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Klasik biyografik kaynaklarda yer almadığı için onun biyografisi için temel olarak bu çalışma ile birlikte tespit edilen eserleri, oluşturduğu mecmuası ve sahip olduğu kitaplar ile bunlardaki kayıtlar kaynak alınmıştır. Yazarın tespit edilen eserlerine dair bilgiler verildikten sonra çalışmanın asıl konusu olan manzum Bürde tercümesi ayrıntılı olarak tanıtılıp üç nüshası üzerinden kurulan çeviri yazı metni sunulacaktır.
AGEs induce MMP-9 promoter demethylation through the GADD45α-mediated BER pathway to promote breast cancer metastasis in patients with diabetes
Authors: Zhou Liyan , Bai Guiying , Song Yue , Liu Xiaohui , Li Xiaoqing , Deng Yilin , Si Yiran , Shi Yehui , Li Hongli
Published: June 2024

Scientific evidence has linked diabetes to a higher incidence and increased aggressiveness of breast cancer; however, mechanistic studies of the numerous regulators involved in this process are insufficiently thorough. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the chronic complications of diabetes, but the mechanisms of AGEs in breast cancer are largely unexplored. In this study, we first demonstrate that high AGE levels in breast cancer tissues are associated with the diabetic state and poor patient outcomes. Furthermore, AGEs interact with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) to promote breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis, we reveal that growth arrest and DNA damage gene 45α (GADD45α) is a vital protein upregulated by AGEs through a P53-dependent pathway. Next, GADD45α recruits thymine DNA glycosylase for base excision repair to form the demethylation complex at the promoter region of MMP-9 and enhance MMP-9 transactivation through DNA demethylation. Overall, our results indicate a critical regulatory role of AGEs in patients with breast cancer and diabetes and reveal a novel mechanism of epigenetic modification in promoting breast cancer metastasis.
Morphological and immunological characterization of primary cultured chicken caecal epithelial cells
Authors: Willer Thomas , Kaiser Annette , Smith Adrian , Rautenschlein Silke
Published: June 2024

Cell cultures are models in biological and medical research to understand physiological and pathological processes. Cell lines are not always available depending on cell type and required species. In addition, the immortalization process often affects cell biology. Primary cells generally maintain a greater degree of similarity in short-term culture to the cells in tissue. Goal of this study was to verify the suitability of chicken primary epithelial caecal cells (PECCs) for in vitro investigations of host‒pathogen interactions. Epithelial nature of PECCs was confirmed by detection of tight and adherens junctions and cobblestone-like cell morphology. Sialic acids distribution was similar to that in caecal cyrosections. To understand the capacity of PECCs to respond to microbial challenges, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) repertoire was determined. Exposure of PECCs to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) led to upregulation of type I and III interferon (IFN) as well as interleukin (IL-) 1β, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression. Overall, the PECCs showed properties of polarized epithelial cells. The presence of TLRs, their differential expression, as well as pattern recognition receptor dependent immune responses enable PECCs to act as suitable in vitro model for host‒pathogen interaction studies, which are difficult to conduct under in vivo conditions.
Mammals of protected area “La Poligonal” and neighborhood areas in Tandilia hills, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Velasco Melina Alicia , Lutz María Ayelén , Berkunsky Igor , Kacoliris Federico Pablo , López-Santoro María Silvia
Published: June 2024

The information about richness and distribution of the mammals that inhabit the highland grasslands of the Tandilia hills is scarce. The main objective of this work was to provide a list of the mammal species that inhabiting the protected area “La Poligonal” in the Tandilia hills. We report species of confirmed presence and also species of potential presence. We also identified the conservation status of each one. Our results showed a total of 39 mammal species, with 32 native species and seven exotic species. These species represent 35 genera, and are grouped in 17 families and seven orders. The most diverse order was Rodentia represented for 15 species. Two species in Argentina are catalogued as Near Threatened, one is vulnerable and the rest are catalogued as Least Concern. We hope this work lead to further research aimed at deeper understanding of the biodiversity of mammals of the Tandilia hills.
Czarownicy, łowcy i prorocy – mężczyźni w opowieściach o wiedźmach gatunku YA fantasy
Authors:   Szkoła Doktorska Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Matuszko Kinga
Published: June 2024

The article analyses the creations of masculinity in young adult stories about witches. The following novels were analysed: Extasia by Claire Legrand, The Year of Witching by Alexis Henderson and the duology These Witches Don't Burn, This Coven Won't Break by Isabel Sterling, and the TV series Chilling Adventures of Sabrina. It was pointed out that in the discussed texts, on the one hand, we are dealing with a ”typical” representation of men, i.e. hegemonic, patriarchal, oppressive masculinity – heroes of this type are either fanatical religious leaders or witch hunters. On the other hand, these stories often present a ”new” model of a man – a feminist ally of women who wants to destroy the patriarchal order and build a new equality reality.
Polityka papiestwa w Europie Środkowej i na Bałkanach w okresie działalności Konstantyna i Metodego w państwie morawskim oraz misjonarzy łacińskich w Bułgarii
Authors:   em. prof. UKEN, Kraków, Polek Krzysztof
Published: June 2024

The subject of the article is the policy of the Holy See during the pontificates of Nicholas I, Hadrian II and John VIII with regard to countries in Central Europe and the Balkans. It was the result of the complex relations between the papacy and the Carolingians, the Byzantine Empire as well as the Slavic states. The Moravian rulers (Rostislav and Sviatopluk) and, Boris-Michael, the Khan of Bulgaria, used the interest of the Holy Sees diplomacy in these regions to implement their own ecclesiastical and political plans. An analysis of mutual diplomatic contacts shows more interest in Boris-Michaels state in the diplomatic activity of the papacy than in the Moravian state. The change in the policy of the Holy See took place after the fiasco of making the Bulgarian state dependent on the Church, as well as with the deterioration of relations with the East Frankish monarchy (in ecclesiastical and political matters). This contributed to the growing importance of the Moravian state in the diplomatic activities of Rome in Central Europe (the Gloria in excelsis Deo papal bull).
Księżnej Anny z Zamoyskich Sapieżyny żywot pracowity. Działalność księżnej Anny w dobrach sapieżyńskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski, Szpak Jacek
Published: June 2024

The article concerns certain aspects of economic activities of Anna Sapieżyna, with special emphasis placed on the territories of Congress Poland and Taken Lands on the east of the Bug river. The author focuses on the financial situation of the landed properties and how the duchess managed them. Anna Sapieżyna (1772–1858) was married to Aleksander Sapieha in 1794. In 1799, she gave birth to her daughter Anna, and in 1803 to her son Leon. In 1817, the daughter married A.J. Czartoryski. After the fall of the November Uprising in 1831, the duchess strived to save the family fortune from confiscation by the tsar as punishment for her son and son in laws participation in the Uprising. The duchess managed the rescued properties by herself, and was the sole decision-maker, with the employees only following her instructions. In the landed properties, an early version of crop rotation was implemented. The duchess had a good understanding of the mechanisms of the financial market. The money from the agricultural activities was invested in banks and exchange offices, various European markets as well as bonds issued by Congress Poland, Prussia and Russia. The returns were then invested into land properties in France, the Grand Duchy of Posen and Galicia.
Działalność społeczno-gospodarcza i polityczna Polaków na Wołyniu, Podolu i Kijowszczyźnie w latach 1864–1914. Wprowadzenie do problematyki
Authors:   UMCS, Korzeniowski Mariusz
Published: June 2024

This study revolves around selected aspects of the activity of the Polish community in the Kiev, Podolia and Volyn governorates in 1864–1914. Questions have been asked about the activities nature, scope, directions and conditions, as well as the numbers and social background of the Poles involved in work for the benefit of the country. The extent of Polish socio-economic and political work in Russia at the time largely depended on the policy of the Tsarist authorities towards the local Poles. The efforts made were indicative of their real aspirations and served not only to save Polish property, but also to maintain the national awareness of the Polish community in Russia. After the October Manifesto was proclaimed, the efforts resulted in a number of cultural, educational and publishing initiatives, coupled with the establishment of organisations and associations, and the pursuit of political activity. Interestingly, they were a consequence of the sometimes isolated efforts for the benefit of the country before 1905. After the First Russian Revolution, on the other hand, they evolved into an arena for Ukrainian Poles to express their aspirations. Their elites sought, among other things, to restore their due position in the social hierarchy based on their status and economic power.
Niemieckie „dzieci państwowe” (Staatskinder) wyznania ewangelickiego w kolonizacji wschodnich prowincji państwa pruskiego. Sierociniec w Ruchocinie/Mielżynie 1899–1918
Authors:   UAM, Ziółkiewicz Wojciech
Published: June 2024

The article presents the mechanism of the Prussian authorities using „state children” [Staatskinder] in the process of colonization of the eastern Prussian provinces, and combining charity activity with the program of Germanization of the area in question. The actions taken by the Prussian authorities in the late 19 and the early 20th century were in reaction to the internal migration movements, which directly affected the eastern Prussian provinces, from Berlins perspective negatively influencing their national structure. In 1895, Ernst Hasse presented a plan to colonize the eastern Prussian provinces by bringing „state children”, i.e. orphans and illegitimate children from the metropolitan areas of central and western Germany, and placing them in orphanages established in the East. The article describes, among others, one of such orphanages which operated between 1899 and 1918 and was supervised by the Protestant Association for the Care of Orphans in the Province of Poznań [Evangelischer Verein für Waisenpflege in der Provinz Posen].
The image of Dmytro Vyshnevetsky in Ukrainian historiography
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Zymnytska Svitlana
Published: June 2024

The image of Dmytro Vyshnevetsky in Ukrainian historiography has followed the changes in history as an academic discipline. At the time when the Cossack myth was created, historians’ romantic views of the Cossack past resulted in an image of the prince as a noble knight, the Cossack father-hetman, and the founder of the first Zaporozhian Sich. Once positivism made its way to historiography, the activities of the prince were subjected to a more critical analysis, and historians began to question his role of the founder of the first Sich. However, it was not denied that the fortress built by the prince could have served as a prototype for the Cossack Sich. During the Soviet era, three currents in Ukrainian historiography emerged: Soviet, Galician from the Interwar period, and foreign. An ideological confrontation took place between Soviet and foreign historiography, in relation to the assessment of the prince’s activities and the view of the Cossacks. In the 1990s, censorship was liftem and Ukrainian historians gained access to archives. This resulted in a large number of works on the Cossacks. Again, just like 70 years before, there was a need for the emergence of national awareness (based on the Cossack myth), so in addition to purely academic investigations with a critical attitude towards the work of the predecessors and the involvement of new source material, amateur researchers produced a number of works. By the mid-1990s, the prince had been somewhat idealized in Ukrainian history which stemmed from a search for heroic figures among representatives of the Ukrainian elite in the young Ukrainian state. Since the early 2000s, Ukrainian researchers have been trying to assess Dmytro Vyshnevetsky’s activities in a pan-European context, relying on newly available sources, particularly abroad.
The Problem of Management in Conditions of Contingent Historical Temporality
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kalinin V. R.
Published: June 2024

The author makes an attempt to explicate the changes in the historical context of managerial activity. The philosophy of history serves as a basis that shapes the meaning-making and goal-setting of managerialism. Progressist schemes were clearly manifested in management in the XIX–XX centuries, but in the XXI century progress is no longer the dominant philosophy of historical time. It is being replaced by other versions of temporality, thus forming new problems for managerial theories and practices. The author aims at identifying the conditions of changes in historical forms of temporality as the basis of management goal-setting, at problematizing the meaning and forms of management in the context of contingency. The text traces the transformation of anagerial forms caused by the changing contexts of historical temporality. It has been noted that the loss of trategic vision of the future in managerial activity changes both management practices and the tasks that are presented to management. At the same time, managerial forms of knowledge (modernist sciences), previously dominant within the framework of progressist schemes of history, show their unsuitability in the context of contingent temporality. The spread of contingency as a historical scheme of perception of historical time forms the problem of the meaning of management; the horizon of the future, which previously served as a reference point in management and motivated qualitative changes in the social order through managerial actions (planning), disappears. The main task of philosophy of management, therefore, is to form answers to the challenges posed to it by the new version of the philosophy of history.