bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association of a Geographically Wide Social Media Network on Depression: County-Level Ecological Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Beauchamp Alaina M , Lehmann Christoph U , Medford Richard J , Hughes Amy E
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Social connectedness decreases human mortality, improves cancer survival, cardiovascular health, and body mass, results in better-controlled glucose levels, and strengthens mental health. However, few public health studies have leveraged large social media data sets to classify user network structure and geographic reach rather than the sole use of social media platforms.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to determine the association between population-level digital social connectedness and reach and depression in the population across geographies of the United States.

METHODS

Our study used an ecological assessment of aggregated, cross-sectional population measures of social connectedness, and self-reported depression across all counties in the United States. This study included all 3142 counties in the contiguous United States. We used measures obtained between 2018 and 2020 for adult residents in the study area. The study’s main exposure of interest is the Social Connectedness Index (SCI), a pair-wise composite index describing the “strength of connectedness between 2 geographic areas as represented by Facebook friendship ties.” This measure describes the density and geographical reach of average county residents’ social network using Facebook friendships and can differentiate between local and long-distance Facebook connections. The study’s outcome of interest is self-reported depressive disorder as published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

RESULTS

On average, 21% (21/100) of all adult residents in the United States reported a depressive disorder. Depression frequency was the lowest for counties in the Northeast (18.6%) and was highest for southern counties (22.4%). Social networks in northeastern counties involved moderately local connections (SCI 5-10 the 20th percentile for n=70, 36% of counties), whereas social networks in Midwest, southern, and western counties contained mostly local connections (SCI 1-2 the 20th percentile for n=598, 56.7%, n=401, 28.2%, and n=159, 38.4%, respectively). As the quantity and distance that social connections span (ie, SCI) increased, the prevalence of depressive disorders decreased by 0.3% (SE 0.1%) per rank.

CONCLUSIONS

Social connectedness and depression showed, after adjusting for confounding factors such as income, education, cohabitation, natural resources, employment categories, accessibility, and urbanicity, that a greater social connectedness score is associated with a decreased prevalence of depression.

CLINICALTRIAL
Use of Multiple-Select Multiple-Choice Items in a Dental Undergraduate Curriculum: Retrospective Study Involving the Application of Different Scoring Methods (Preprint)
Authors: Kanzow Philipp , Schmidt Dennis , Herrmann Manfred , Wassmann Torsten , Wiegand Annette , Raupach Tobias
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Scoring and awarding credit are more complex for multiple-select items than for single-choice items. Forty-one different scoring methods were retrospectively applied to 2 multiple-select multiple-choice item types (Pick-N and Multiple-True-False [MTF]) from existing examination data.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to calculate and compare the mean scores for both item types by applying different scoring methods, and to investigate the effect of item quality on mean raw scores and the likelihood of resulting scores at or above the pass level (≥0.6).

METHODS

Items and responses from examinees (ie, marking events) were retrieved from previous examinations. Different scoring methods were retrospectively applied to the existing examination data to calculate corresponding examination scores. In addition, item quality was assessed using a validated checklist. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and multiple logistic regression analysis (P<.05).

RESULTS

We analyzed 1931 marking events of 48 Pick-N items and 828 marking events of 18 MTF items. For both item types, scoring results widely differed between scoring methods (minimum: 0.02, maximum: 0.98; P<.001). Both the use of an inappropriate item type (34 items) and the presence of cues (30 items) impacted the scoring results. Inappropriately used Pick-N items resulted in lower mean raw scores (0.88 vs 0.93; P<.001), while inappropriately used MTF items resulted in higher mean raw scores (0.88 vs 0.85; P=.001). Mean raw scores were higher for MTF items with cues than for those without cues (0.91 vs 0.8; P<.001), while mean raw scores for Pick-N items with and without cues did not differ (0.89 vs 0.90; P=.09). Item quality also impacted the likelihood of resulting scores at or above the pass level (odds ratio ≤6.977).

CONCLUSIONS

Educators should pay attention when using multiple-select multiple-choice items and select the most appropriate item type. Different item types, different scoring methods, and presence of cues are likely to impact examinees’ scores and overall examination results.
Correction: Emotional Distress During COVID-19 by Mental Health Conditions and Economic Vulnerability: Retrospective Analysis of Survey-Linked Twitter Data With a Semisupervised Machine Learning Algorithm (Preprint)
Authors: Ueda Michiko , Watanabe Kohei , Sueki Hajime
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Not applicable
The Effect of Molasses and Probiotic as Additive on the Physical Quality, Chemical and Microbial Composition of Napier Silages
Authors: Eslabra Princess , Florendo Perla , Andialan Monina , Pineda Federico , Garcia Nomer , Salazar Apolinario, Jr.
Published: March 2023

The effect of molasses and probiotic on physical quality, chemical and microbial composition of 40 days ensilage of napier variety, Pakchong 1 was evaluated using wilted napier grass with 10% molasses as silage additive and combination of 5%, 10%, and 15% molasses with 1% probiotic/kg DM. Physical quality of silages showed similarities in color, smell texture, and acidity while viable concentrations of lactic acid bacteria did not vary significantly (p>0.05) among treatments. The concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid were significantly higher (p<0.05) in silage using molasses alone as additive compared to different levels of additive molasses with probiotics. On the other hand, proximate chemical composition of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among treatments. Species of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus were isolated from Pakchong 1 and from the probiotic used in this study. In conclusion, physical, chemical and microbial composition of Napier silages can be influenced by the type of additives used. In particular, molasses was observe to be a potential source of soluble carbohydrates needed by natural lactic acid bacteria in napier. Likewise, probiotic produces high concentrations of lactic acids with subsequent preservation of the silage at a given duration of ensiling.
The Value of Combining Wu Ling San Plus and Minus with Repaglinide in the Treatment of Obese Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wang Mingxuan , Yin Huijie , Li Haitao , Fang Penghua , Wu Wenxuan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To investigate the clinical value and practical effects of the treatment of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with Wu Ling San plus and minus combined with Repaglinide. Methods: Twenty-two obese type 2 diabetic patients attending the outpatient clinic of Yixing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from September 2020 to March 2022 were randomly selected as the subjects of this study, and all of them were divided into treatment group (n=11, Wu Ling San plus and minus + Repaglinide) and control group (n=11, single Repaglinide) according to the computerized random series grouping method. The clinical data and overall efficacy of the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the treatment group had better blood glucose, blood lipids and other basic indicators than the control group (P<0.05); all Chinese medicine symptoms scores and complication rates of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with Wu Ling San plus reduction + Repaglinide has significant efficacy and high drug safety, and can stabilize many indicators of blood glucose and blood lipids, reduce the risk of complications and control their body weight, which can be promoted and used in the treatment of related clinical conditions.
My Philosophy of Education—The Success of Education Stems From Persistence and Reflection
Authors: Pan Jiaolan
Published: March 2023

It is well-known that education plays an extreme important role in all people’s life. However, different educational ideas usually make different results on people. On education, on the same problem, noting that it is probably natural for people to have their own opinion. Some people with lots of knowledge think that people having got good education can make them have more choices or have larger stages to perform in the future. While most Chinese parents think that “good education can help make children live a better life in the future or find a better job with a high salary”. But some great people have the deeper insight on education. They often urge young people to study hard for their countries or national revitalization. Over 10 years ago, I read that American former-president, Obama (2009) ever made a speech to all the students in the US called “Why to Learn”. In his speech, he said to all the children in the US and told them that “you write your destiny, you make your future. So never give up yourself, because when you give up yourself, you will really give up your country”. In his speech, education means ready for the future of the country and all that people learn is for their national future purpose. While in my mind, “Good education is often to make people enjoy themselves in teaching practice, not suffering lots of pain from it. Lots of teaching practice proved, in reality, that young children getting good education is to keep their life in a right situation in their proper periods when they grow up, young people having to get education is also necessary for all of their life or work, not only for their future. The famous educator, Tao Xingzhi thought that education is to learn in practice. Another American famous educator, who was called Dewey also mentioned “Three Centers-Children’s Center, Activity Center and Experience Center”. Seeing the above, my finding that Dewey and Tao Xingzhi had the surprising similar educational thoughts called “Learning in practice”. In my opinion, I think “life is education, education is everywhere”. I believe that success of education comes from “Persistence + Reflection”. I also think all the teaching practice that we need to do is to keep on teaching, thinking over and over and adjustment. This paper mainly will aim to talk about the above my views on my school education and classroom teaching, including my understanding on school education and classroom teaching. I hope it will be able to give some helpful suggestions to the newcomers who are interested in language teaching and language research. That will be very meaningful to all that will read it.
The Effect of Addition of AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) and Yomari Liquid Organic Fertilizer Concentration on the Growth of Agarwood Production Plants (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.) on Ex-Lime Mining Soil
Authors: Satria Benni , Martinsyah Rachmad Hersi , Armansyah Armansyah , Hervani Dini , Warnita dan
Published: March 2023

This plant has a very large opportunity to be developed on ex-mining land, considering that this plant is an adaptive non-timber forest product plant that grows and produces naturally without inoculation (injection) on ex-mining land: limestone, nickel, rocky sand, tin and coal. and added witharbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and liquid organic fertilizer such as Yomari on Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. AMF is able to increase root growth, root range, so that it can facilitate roots to absorb water and nutrients through external hyphae and later obtained quality seeds which have many and strong roots. Yomari liquid organic fertilizer has high organic and nutrient content, can increase soil organisms and improve soil pH and. This study aimed to obtain the best interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of Yomari liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in the ex-limestone mine soil, the best dose of AMF was obtained on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in limestone ex- mining soil and the best concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. in the former limestone quarry. This research was conducted from June to November 2022 in the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. This study used a factorial experimental method in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the first factor was the administration of the AMF dose which consisted of 5 levels: 0.0 grams (C0); 15 grams (C2); 30 grams (C3) and 45 grams (C4) and the second factor concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer consisted of 5 levels: 0.00 ppm (Y0); 25.00 ppm (Y1); 50.00 (Y2); 75.00 ppm (Y3) and 100.00 ppm (Y4), each treatment level consisted of 4 replications. Observational data in the form of qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using the F-test at a significance level of 5%. The different effects on the treatment were analyzed by further test of LSD at 5% level. Observations were made including: percentage of live seedlings, increase in seedling height, increase in number of leaves, widest leaf width, root weight, and percentage of roots infected by AMF on lime-mined soil media. There is an interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of agarwood-producing plant seeds (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.)) on the ex-limestone mining soil. Giving a dose of AMF 45 grams with a concentration of 100 ppm liquid organic fertilizer was the best in increasing the percentage of life, increasing the number leaves, increase in plant seed height, widest leaf width, percentage of agarwood-producing plant seeds infected with AMF.
Content Analysis of Tourism Section of Davao Oriental Official Websites
Authors: Pastolero Nelson P. , Tarusan Mary Ann E.
Published: March 2023

This study identified the extent of language use in the tourism pages of the official websites of the province. The text and images of six tourism pages were subjected to qualitative content analysis, and data were coded to identify the linguistic features and discursive techniques employed by the tourism officers in promoting and motivating potential clients to visit tourism destinations in the province. The common lexical features were positive adjectives and use of proper nouns for descriptions while the syntactic features were declaratives in active voice, imperatives in the form of commands and requests, and interrogatives in the form of wh-questions. In addition, modality includes brightness, color contrast, and perspective; while the salience composes of perspective, relative size, and sharpness of objects in focus. The use of collage features three to six photos with descriptive texts and participants such as people captured in photos. On the discursive techniques, the tourism administrators employed the techniques to inform such practical necessities for decision-making like cognitive necessities, to persuade through manipulation, and to direct in the form of directives.
On approximation of double Fourier series and its conjugate series for functions in mixed Lebesgue space
Authors: Patel Yogeshkumar K. , Vyas Rajendra G.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we study the approximation of double Fourier series and its conjugate series for functions in mixed Lebesgue space Lp, p ∈ [1,∞]2 using double Karamata Kλ,μ means.
Automatic Attendance Base Web Server College Website
Authors: Singh Vedant , Pawar Ashish , Shelke Vivek , Hussain Momin , Zade Sandip
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Authentication will perform a vital role in the computer based communication. The usual approach for the attendance is the professor calls the student name and records the attendance. This leads to the wastage of time for the parents to check the regular presence of the students to the college and also college administrative people. To avoid this we are going to use the automatic system which is based on face recognition technique. This project informing the parent about the presence of the student for the college through GSM SMS will give the automatic solution. In this GSM based automatic attendance system we are going to use the webcam, zigbee, GSM. The working of this project is identifying the face and marks the attendance for the corresponding person as in the database.
A Deep Learning Framework for Recognizing Developmental Disorders
Authors: P. P. Liya Krishna , K. S. Suramya , Mohan Nimitha
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Machine learning, which is a subcategory of artificial intelligence, contains deep learning. A method called artificial intelligence allows a computer to mimic human behaviour. Machine learning is a method to develop Intelligence by using trained algorithms data. A form of machine learning called "deep learning" was influenced by the way the human brain is organized.
Advancement Study in Jumbo Beam-Column Connection Using Tubular Flange Cut and Web Cut Reduced Beam Section
Authors: Febin Rinsa , R Anjusha
Published: March 2023

Abstract: There is an increasing demand for jumbo shapes in the construction of high-rise buildings. Super jumbos are very heavy rolled wide flange sections with up to 140 mm flange thickness and weigh up to 1377 kg/m. However, there is a lack of knowledge of the behavior of these types of construction, especially under seismic loading. In this paper, a tubular reduced section (RBS) is designed. A tubular reduced beam section (RBS) is made by replacing a part beam with a steel tube at a suitable location of the beam plastic hinge.
Síndrome nefrótico secundario a podocitopatía en infección por SARS-COV2
Authors: Aroca-Martínez Gustavo , Cadena-Bonfanti Andrés , Avendaño-Echavez Lil , Conde-Manotas Juan C , Perez Rafael , Garcia Raúl , Orozco Carlos , Musso Carlos G.
Published: March 2023

Introducción: el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo inducido por coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) se caracteriza por la instalación de una afectación pulmonar. Sin embargo, existen reportes de afectación renal concomitante, con manifestaciones clínicas como hematuria, proteinuria y daño renal agudo.
Objetivo: presentamos dos casos clínicos de síndrome nefrótico asociado a enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19).
Presentación del caso: un paciente presentó evidencia histológica de cambios mínimos y fusión de pedicelos de podocitos en muestras histológicas evaluadas por microscopía electrónica.
Discusión: la proteinuria en  COVID-19 puede ser secundaria a lesiones glomerulares y tubulares agudas, con un origen multifactorial: factores hemodinámicos, tormentas de citocinas, infecciones secundarias, nefrotoxicidad inducida por fármacos e infección viral directa de las células del túbulo proximal y podocitos. Esta última podría deberse a una infección directa por el virus debido al mayor tropismo renal de este.
Conclusión: el presente informe presenta dos casos de síndrome nefrótico secundario a podocitopatía en pacientes con infección aguda por COVID-19.
CHANGES IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIETY
Authors:   Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University, Petrovna Svetlana , Myasoedov Alexey ,   Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

The high penetration of the Internet and the increased level of use of digital devices create conditions for the development of the digital economy and society. Understanding and managing this model is extremely important when striving to compete in the global market and ensure a high standard of living for citizens. The purpose of this study is to assess the progress of countries in the development of the digital economy and society and to identify areas requiring priority investments and actions. The digital economy remains a widely discussed topic; However, the lack of a unanimous scientific definition and detailed studies of this economic model makes it difficult to understand digital technologies. It is important for each government to analyze the model and focus on improving the digital economy to ensure that the country remains digitally competitive in the world.
CORPORATE CULTURE AS A MECHANISM FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN AN ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University, Gostenina Valentina , Timofeeva Victoria ,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski Universit
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the actual problem of modernity associated with the conflictological paradigm of sociological knowledge. The views of various scientists on the nature of the conflict are analyzed. Various interpretations of the concept of «conflict», its origin are considered, and the concept of «organization» is also touched upon. The authors have identified the definition of the concept of «organizational conflict», described the types and functions of labor conflict and studied the concept of «corporate culture» as a way to resolve the conflict at the enterprise. The authors conclude that the conditions for the effective settlement of the conflict are the degree of settlement of the disagreement, which is the basis of the conflict, and the victory of one of the opponents in it. The more thoroughly the disagreement is analyzed, the greater the likelihood of normalization of relations between the participating parties.
CULTURE AS A RESOURCE ELEMENT OF SOCIETY'S LIFE
Authors:   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University, Kazorina Zhanna , Shchegolyutin Alexey ,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the actual problem of modernity, related to the preservation of cultural values, historical heritage. The authors trace the cultural development of man through the prism of epochs. The article reflects the results of a sociological study of students' attitudes to cultural values as an important component of society. The reference points of this problem are analyzed. The connection of the preservation of cultural values with the upbringing of important personality qualities in the younger generation: patriotism, respect for the past, pride in the deeds of ancestors is shown. Conclusions are drawn about the need for culture in human life, as well as the preservation of cultural heritage monuments.
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEFINITION FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
Authors:   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University, Starodubtseva Natalia , Solodkova Alina ,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the problem of defining the concept of «family life cycle», analyzes the main stages of the cycle, and also pays great attention to the method of social design as a way of modeling social reality. The moments connected with the transformation of traditional values corresponding to the family way of life are determined, the necessity of referring to the historical origins of the institution of the family is justified. The conclusion is made about the importance of the family as a small social group for strengthening the foundations of statehood, because it is in the family that the moral guidelines with which a person enters life are laid.
The Concept of International Criminal Law and Its Relationship With Transnational Criminal Law and Conflict of Laws
Authors: Clark Roger
Published: March 2023

Adapted from a recent lecture, this paper provides an historical and analytical overview of the development of the discipline of International Criminal Law identifying links and points of distinction from the cognate disciplines of Transnational Criminal Law and Conflict of Laws.
Stages of plastic surgery’s development
Authors: Subotyalov Mikhail A.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main stages in the development of the history of plastic surgery as one of the important sections of surgery that deals with aesthetic aspects of human health and has always been an integral part of medicine. The purpose of the article is to identify and characterize the main periods of the formation and development of plastic surgery. While writing the article, comparative historical and analytical methods of historical and medical research were used. The main results consist in presenting the stages of development of plastic surgery, starting from the era of the Ancient World, and ending with Modern times. A description of the contribution to plastic surgery of the most prominent representatives of this field is presented. In conclusion, it is concluded that there are three periods of plastic surgery development: the empirical period (II century BC - mid-XIX century), the period of formation of the foundations of plastic surgery (mid-XIX century - 1950s), the modern period (1960s - present).
Morphological features of various variants of the course of scleroatrophic lichen of the vulva
Authors: Kolesnikova Ekaterina V. , Zharov Alexander V. , Todorov Sergey S. , Penzhoyan Gregoriy A. , Mingaleva Natalya V.
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Most of the scientific papers presented in the literature indicate morphological features of the stages of development of sclerotic lichen of the vulva, or in comparison with other vulvar skin lesions. At the same time, data on the features of morphological examination of vulvar biopsies, depending on the clinical variants of the course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva, is currently insufficient. The aim of the study - to determine the presence or absence of distinctive morphological features of the sclerotic lichen of the vulva, depending on the clinical variants of its course. Materials and Methods. The study included 292 patients with sclerotic lichen of the vulva (20-70 years old). Based on the scale of assessment of objective and subjective clinical signs of sclerotic lichen of the vulva developed by us, 3 clinical groups: 101 patients with an atrophic variant of the course, 154 with a sclerosing variant and 37 patients with a scleroatrophic variant of the course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva. In addition to clinical laboratory, instrumental and immunological studies, all patients underwent incisional biopsy of the vulva followed by morphological examination of biopsies. Results and Discussion. The features of the results of morphological examination of various clinical variants of the course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva are described and presented in the form of images. The characteristic morphological signs for each clinical group, as well as common signs characteristic of all variants of the course of this pathology, were revealed. Morphological examination of vulvar tissues is informative only to confirm the diagnosis of «Sclerotic lichen of the vulva», to determine the stage of the disease, as well as to exclude the malignant process, while for a clear differentiation of variants of the clinical course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva, conventional morphological examination is not enough, which requires further studies using immunohistochemical and molecular genetic methods. Conclusion. The revealed differences in morphological parameters of various variants of the course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva are insufficiently specific, which excludes the possibility of accurate morphological verification of the variants of the course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva and confirms the expediency of using clinical classification of variants of the course of sclerotic lichen of the vulva based on objective and subjective clinical signs.
Pelvic floor muscle training as a method of prevention and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction and genital prolapse
Authors: Samsonova Irina A. , Gaifulin Rustam F. , Toktar Liliya R. , Orazov Mekan R. , Kamarova Zarina N. , Li Kseniya I. , Pak Veronika E.
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Pelvic floor dysfunction and pelvic organ prolapse are a significant problem today - even the initial manifestations of pelvic floor dysfunction can lead to reduced quality of sexual life, decreased activity, and then to social isolation and decreased self-esteem of women. Due to the growth of general life expectancy, the incidence rate is also increasing. One of the most popular conservative treatments for pelvic floor dysfunction is pelvic floor muscle training. The aim of this literature review is to consolidate the scattered information about the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training as a prevention and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Materials and Methods. In writing the review, publications from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from January 2019 were analyzed and systematized. Results and Discussion. Pelvic floor muscle training is one of the most prospective methods of non-invasive treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. It can take many forms and is represented by a range of different techniques: from the simple short-term muscle contraction and Kegel exercises to more complex and high-tech methods using electromyostimulation and biofeedback. However, timing of introduction and method for pelvic floor muscle training must be carefully considered in order to gain the maximum result. Conclusion. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the introduction of pelvic floor muscle training as part of prenatal care and in the antenatal period is the most appropriate way to prevent pelvic floor failure and genital prolapse. Further research is required to confirm the hypothesis.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat percentage in young adults
Authors: Soni Harsha , Kacker Sudhanshu , Sorout Jitender , Saboo Neha
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum amount of oxygen an individual can breathe in and utilize it to produce energy aerobically. The global epidemic of overweight and obesity -’globesity’ is emerging as a public health problem in many parts of the world. Almost 30-65 % of adult urban Indians is either overweight or obese or has abdominal obesity. Recently, cardiovascular ailments are increasing in the younger generation. Low levels of cardiovascular fitness and unfavorable cardiovascular risk profiles are detected in them. Total body fatness and aerobic capacity are frequently used in association with each other and it is often implied that these parameters are strongly inter-related. Both body fatness and status aerobic fitness have been shown to be risk factors for future health outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of cardio-respiratory fitness with body fat percentage in young adults. Materials and Methods. This was a pilot study conducted in a group of 100 subjects of age group 18 to 25 years. Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical committee and written informed consent were taken from all subjects participated in the study. Following parameters were taken (a) anthropometric parameters, (b) body fat percentage, (c) physical activity level and (d) VO2max. Results and Discussion. The mean ± SD for age, height, weight, global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ score) and VO2max was found to be higher in male participants as compared to female participants while BMI was almost equal in both the genders but body fat percentage was higher in female participants. There was positive non-significant correlation of VO2max with body mass index and global physical activity in female subjects but positive significant in male subjects. And moderate negative correlation between body fat percentage and VO2max in male and female subjects but not significant (p 0.05). Conclusion. Body fat percentage was negatively correlated with maximum oxygenconsumption (VO2 max).
Toleransi: Peran Tokoh Agama sebagai Perekat Kerukunan Umat Beragama
Authors: Samuel Samuel , Tumonglo Esther Epin
Published: March 2023

Religious Figures As Adhesives for Inter-religious Harmony in Toraja, starting from the phenomenon that the Toraja people, specifically the southern Toraja bordering the Enrekang area, which is predominantly Muslim, is a plural society from generation to generation while maintaining harmony between religious communities, especially Christian Muslims. This harmony has never been shaken by sara issues like in some other places. One of the glues is the religious leaders themselves. As the focus of this research, a research question was formulated, namely how religious figures play a role in gluing harmony between religious communities. These problems are studied using the theory of pluralism. Meanwhile, for field data, qualitative research methods were used, namely by observing with the aim of obtaining information about how the role of religious leaders in gluing inter-religious harmony. As a research finding, the role of religious leaders in gluing tolerance between religious communities, especially Christian Muslims in Toraja, is that religious leaders are able to act as role models or role models, coaches and are able to act as leaders for every community.ABSTRAKTokoh Agama Sebagai Perekat Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama di Toraja, bertitik tolak dari fenomena bahwa masyarakat Toraja secara khusus Toraja bagian selatan yang berbatasan dengan daerah Enrekang yang mayoritas muslim adalah masyarakat majemuk dari turun temurun tetap memelihara kerukunan antar umat beragama khususnya Islam Kristen. Kerukunan tersebut tidak pernah tergoyahkan oleh isu-isu sara seperti di beberapa tempat lainnya. Salah satu perekat adalah tokoh agama sendiri. Sebagai focus penelitian ini dirumuskan question research yaitu bagaimana Tokoh Agama berperan dalam merekatkan kerukunan antar umat beragama. Permasalahan tersebut dikaji dengan menggunakan teori pluralisme. Sementara untuk data lapangan digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yaitu dengan mengamati dan juga melalui wawancara bersama informan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang peran tokoh agama dalam merekatkan kerukunan antar umat beragama. Sebagai temuan penelitian bahwa peran tokoh agama dalam merekatkan toleransi antar umat beragama khususnya Kristen Islam di Toraja adalah tokoh agama mampu berperan sebagai teladan atau panutan, Pembina serta mampu berperan sebagai pemimpin bagi setiap uma
Interaksi Sosial Muslim dan Kristen Pasca Pembakaran Gereja di Pasar Sibuhuan Padang Lawas Sumatera Utara
Authors: Harahap Evi Rahmadani , Irwansyah Irwansyah , Susanti Neila
Published: March 2023

This study discusses the social interaction of Muslim and Christian communities after the burning of a church in Pasar Sibuhuan Village. The purpose of this study was to find out how the social interaction between Muslim and Christian communities after the burning of a church occurred in Pasar Sibuhuan Village, Padang Lawas Regency. The research method in this research is descriptive qualitative, that is, this research intends to reveal the events that occurred in the field with the actual conditions experienced by the research subjects, for example the social interaction of Muslim and Christian communities in Pasar Sibuhuan Village, Padang Lawas Regency. Furthermore, data collection methods in this study were in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. In the research, the informants were Muslim and Christian communities in Pasar Sibuhuan Village. The results of this study show that the social interaction of Muslim and Christian communities in Pasar Sibuhuan Village leads to forms of associative interaction consisting of cooperation (gotong royong, mutual assistance, attending invitations) even though there has been an incident of burning a church in neighborhood VI of Sibuhuan Market. But there are still interactions that lead to dissociative ones consisting of conventions (loss of night patrols, loss of the culture of visiting neighbors on holidays, limited interaction).ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas tentang Interaksi sosial masyarakat Islam dan Kristen pasca terjadi peristiwa pembakaran Gereja di Kelurahan Pasar Sibuhuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana interaksi sosial antara masyarakat Islam dan Kristen pasca terjadi pembakaran gereja di Kelurahan Pasar Sibuhuan, Kabupaten Padang Lawas. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yaitu penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengungkapkan peristiwa yang terjadi di lapangan dengan keadaan yang sebenarnya yang dialami oleh subyek penelitian misalnya interaksi sosial masyarakat Islam dan Kristen di Kelurahan Pasar Sibuhuan Kabupaten Padang Lawas. Selanjutnya metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian yang menjadi informan yaitu masyarakat Islam dan Kristen di Kelurahan Pasar Sibuhuan. Hasil Penelitian ini bahwa interaksi sosial masyarakat Islam dan Kristen di Kelurahan Pasar Sibuhuan mengarah kepada bentuk-bentuk interaksi asosiatif  terdiri dari  keja sama (gotong royong, saling membantu, menghadiri undangan) meskipun telah terjadi peristiwa pembakaran gereja yang berada di lingkungan VI Pasar Sibuhuan. Tetapi masih ada interaksi yang mengarah kepada yang disosiatif terdiri dari konravensi (hilangnya kegiatan ronda malam, hilangnya budaya mengunjungi tetangga pada saat hari-hari besar, interaksi terbatas).
Yeşilırmak Havzasının Yüksek Rakımlı, Küçük ve Derin Göllerinde Fitoplankton İndeksleri ve Trofik Durumun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çetin Tolga , Coşkun Tolga , Demir Nilsun
Published: March 2023

Özet: Yeşilırmak havzası 36,114 km2 yüzölçümü ile Türkiye'nin beşinci büyük yağış alanına sahip nehir havzasıdır. Nüfus artışı, plansız kentleşme, endüstriyel ve hayvansal atıklar, gübre ve zirai ilaç kullanımı havzada kirliliğe neden olan başlıca faktörlerdir. Bu çalışmada, Yeşilırmak Havzasında bulunan yüksek rakımlı, yüzey alanı küçük ve derin özellik gösteren beş göl (Boraboy, Büyük, Dipsiz, Düden ve Zinav Gölü) fitoplankton indeksleri (PTI ve Q) ve trofik durum indeksi (TSI) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Göllerden fitoplankton ve su örnekleri Mayıs, Temmuz ve Eylül 2018’de toplanmış ve fitoplanktondan 85 tür teşhis edilmiştir. Toplam fosfor, toplam azot, klorofil a ve Secchi derinliği parametreleri ile göllerin trofik durumu tahmin edilmiştir. PTI ve Q indeksleri ile göllerde sınırlayıcı element olan toplam fosfor arasında ayrı ayrı lineer regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Q indeksi PTI indeksine göre toplam fosfor ile daha yüksek (r2=0,75) ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Q indeksine göre belirlenen kalite TSI indeksi ile benzer sonuçlar vermiştir. Sonuçlar fitoplankton kompozisyonu ve trofik durum açısından birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, Boraboy Gölü “iyi/oligotrofik”, Büyük Göl “orta/oligotrofik”, Düden ve Zinav Gölleri “orta/mezotrofik”, Dipsiz Göl ise “orta/ötrofik” olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Boraboy ve Büyük Gölün kalite durumlarının korunması gerekirken Dipsiz, Düden ve Zinav Göllerinde kalitenin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla tedbirler alınmalıdır.
Autecologyof Strychnos potatorum L.f.: An Endangered And VulnerableTaxa of Peninsular India.
Authors: Chaudhary Rupali
Published: March 2023

The present study though preliminary in nature but the generated
baseline information will be helpful to design conservation planning for
the endangered plant species Strychnos potatorum and its associated
species as these diversified vegetation patches are connective corridors
of flora and fuana. In addition, soil samples were collected from 0-20
cm depth and analyzed physically and chemically. Keywords: Strychnos
potatorum , Soil analysis, Associated species, Conservation
The Maximum Principle with Terminal State Constraints for Optimal Control of Mean-Field FBSDE Driving by Teugels Martingales
Authors: Huang Zhen , Wang Ying , Lin Xiangyun
Published: March 2023

This paper studies the problem of optimal control with state constraints
for mean-field type stochastic systems, which is governed by fully
coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations(FBSDE) with
Teugels martingales. In this system, the coefficients contain not only
the state processes but also its marginal distribution, and the cost
function is of mean-field type as well. We use an equivalent backward
formulation to deal with the terminal state constraint, and then we
obtain a stochastic maximum principle by Ekeland’s variational
principle. In addition, we discuss a stochastic LQ control problem with
state constraints.
Ecological stoichiometry of plant-litter-soil and stoichiometric homeostasis of plant tissues under three restoration modes for desertified grasslands in southern Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China
Authors: yuan ji , Peng Mingchun , Taang Guoyong , Wang Yun
Published: March 2023

Afforestation is the primary ecosystem measure to address the issue of
ecosystem degradation in in the Horqin sandy region of northern China.
However , It is yet unclear how afforestation may affect the recovery of
sandy grassland. This study took the ecological stoichiometry as
indicators, and conducted a field investigation and indoor analysis to
assess the afforestation strategies of three indigenous tree species for
the restoration of sandy grassland , three restoration strategies were:
(1) grasslands were enclosed via a Populus × beijingensis
shelterbelt (FG); (2) Pinussylvestris var. mongolica was used for
the afforestation of small, well-distributed grassland patches (MG); (3)
Ulmus pumila was used for the afforestation of small,
well-distributed patches (UG). Our result showed that the C, N, and P
contents as well as the C: N: P ratio in plants, litters, and soils
varied significantly between FG, MG, and UG. All three treatments were
found to significantly impact the soil ratios of C:N, N:P, and C:P
relative to CK treatment after more than 20 years of recovery. The
results of N : P in different tissues showed that FG , MG and UG
vegetation restorations were N-limited. N and P homeostasis was present
in trees, especially Ulmus pumila, while the degree of
homeostasis was significantly impacted by afforestation species and
plant tissues. The N:P results suggested that lower N deficiency stress
may have been experienced by three experimental plants. We concluded
that UG was better suited to the dry climate in Horqin Sandy Land.
Investigation for stress–strain curves of the plastic damage model for concrete
Authors: BAKHTI Rachid , BENAHMED Baizid , LAIB Abdelghani
Published: March 2023

The Barcelona model is one of the most widespread models used in the nonlinear finite element method for simulating the real behavior of concrete. The strong robustness of this model can be attributed to two main reasons, the first one being its ability to account for the elastic stiffness degradation induced by plastic straining and the second one the aptness of considering the stiffness recovery effects under cyclic loading. This model was examined in the paper by comparing the generated stress–strain diagrams with several analytical solutions from the literature. The comparing process in the compression and tension cases with the closed-form solutions of Desayi, Krätzig, Lubliner and Thorenfeldt proved that the Barcelona model provided identical outcomes with Lubliner’s formula, which was used as the hardening function in the finite element implementation of this model. What is more, this model provided the same curves in case of the others in the ascending branches, and for the descending branch, this study proved that the outcomes of the Barcelona model are completely different from the ones of Desayi in the compression case and slightly similar to Thorenfeldt’s curves in the tension case.
Effects of incorporating granite powder in the mechanical properties of concrete
Authors: MUÑOZ PÉREZ Socrates Pedro , ATOCHE ZAMORA Jorge Junior
Published: March 2023

This study analyzes the effects of the incorporation of the granite powder (GP) as a partial replacement of the sand in the concrete in percentages of 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% to carry out a mix design of 210 kg·cm–2. Seeking to find an optimal proportion to increase its mechanical properties where the geotechnical characteristics of the aggregates were identified, workability, temperature, beams and concrete specimens were elaborated. The results of bending and compression tests were compared after 7, 14 and 28 days from setting between the standard concrete and the concrete incorporated with the GP. It is concluded that the optimal result was at 20% GP with 268.6 kg·cm–2, where the compressive strength increases by 13%, while its flexural property rupture modulus of 35 kg·cm–2 and workability are in an optimal range according to the stipulated parameters, thus allowing an important application for this waste in the construction industry, therefore contributing to recycling, environmental quality and the development of the usage of new materials.
Experimental investigation for the local scour around V-shaped spur-dikes
Authors: ALASADI Layth Abdul Rasool , KHLIF Tagreed Hameed , HASSAN Fadhel Abdulabbas
Published: March 2023

Spur-dikes are efficient hydraulic structures that are made for numerous purposes. They have one end on the stream bank and another extending into the current. As a result of the existing spur-dikes in the stream course, the local scour phenomena usually occur around them, leading to several predicaments which have been of great concern to the hydraulic engineers. For the present work, laboratory experiments were carried out to measure the scour depths around several spur-dikes located at different distances for the V-shaped one. The experiments were conducted using physical models installed in a non-curved flume with a bed with uniform cohesion-less sediment of a medium particle size (d50 = 0.7 mm). All the models were operated under the subcritical flow of clear-water conditions. The investigations include three spur-dikes (1, 2 and 3) and three distances between them (1, 1.5 and 2 of spur-dike length) as two countermeasures to minimize the local scour depths. The results showed that an increasing number of spur-dikes and the distances between them would decrease the scour depths within the limit of the present study. The experimental data were used to create a new formula of R2 = 0.954 that reflects a good agreement with the experimentally observed results.
Commutative neutrix convolution product of generalized Fresnel sine integrals and applications
Authors: Lazarova Limonka , Miteva Marija , Jusufi-Zenku Teuta
Published: March 2023

The generalized Fresnel sine integral Sk(x) and its associated functions Sk+(x) and Sk?(x) are defined as locally summable functions on the real line. The generalized Fresnel sine integrals have huge applications in physics, specially in optics and electromaghetics. In many diffraction problems the generalized Fresnel integrals plays an important role. In this paper are calculated the commutative neutrix convolutions of the generalized Fresnel sine integral and its associated functions with xr, r = 0,1,2,...
Oscillation criteria for first-order nonlinear differential equations with several delays
Authors: Dix Julio , Kılıç Nurten , Öcalan Özkan
Published: March 2023

In this article, we study a first order nonlinear delay differential equation x?(t) + ?m i=1 pi(t) fi(x(?i(t))) = 0, t ? t0, where pi(t) and ?i(t) are the functions of nonnegative of real numbers and ?i(t) are not necessarily monotone for 1 ? i ? m. Also, we present new sufficient conditions for the oscillatory solutions of this equation. Our results essentially improve the conditions in the literature. Finally, we give examples to illustrate our results.