bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antihyperglycemic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Tetraclinis articulata in
Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats and Acute Toxicity Analysis
Authors: Eddouks Mohamed , Bouadid Ismail , Akdad Mourad
Published: September 2022

Aims:

The study aimed to evaluate the glucose-lowering effect of Tetraclinis articulata.

Background:

Tetraclinis articulata is commonly used for the treatment of diabetes characterized by chronic hyperglycemia.

Objective:

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Tetraclinis articulata (T. articulata) aqueous extract (TAAE) on glycaemia and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, its acute toxicity, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant capacity were assessed.

Methods:

To highlight the effect of TAAE on plasma glucose levels and lipid metabolism, blood glucose levels were measured at 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours of treatment for the acute test and on days 2, 4 and 7 over the daily oral administration for the subchronic test at two selected doses (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg). Furthermore, Triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), and High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were measured after the treatment. The rats' liver, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and soleus muscle were isolated from diabetic rats treated with TAAE at a dose of 20 mg/kg at the end of the experiment to measure glycogen content using a standard method. The acute toxicity of TAAE was examined according to the OECD guideline. In addition, body weight, signs of toxicity, and/or mortality were observed for 14 days. Besides, a preliminary phytochemical screening, quantification of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents as well as the antioxidant activity were evaluated.

Results:

The results showed that TAAE at the doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg possesses a potent antihyperglycemic effect in STZ-treated diabetic rats and an acute hypoglycemic effect in normal rats, as well as, the extract provoked a decrease of blood glucose levels after glucose loading in the glucose tolerance test in a dose-dependent manner. TAAE at a dose of 20 mg/kg revealed a significant improvement of the lipid profile. However, treatment with TAAE at a dose of 20 mg/kg did not significantly modify the glycogen content. In the same way, the acute toxicity analysis revealed no death or signs of toxicity in rats, and the LD50 value was more than 2 g/kg. In addition, preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that TAAE revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, saponins, quinones, sterols and terpenoids. Furthermore, TAAE exhibited a potent antioxidant activity which may be due to the richness in polyphenol content (756.21±6.72 mg GAE/1 g of extract).

Conclusion:

The current study demonstrates for the first time that aqueous Tetraclinis articulata extract has a potent the glucose-lowering effect.
Tert-butylhydroquinone Mitigates Renal Dysfunction in Pregnant Diabetic
Rats via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Modulation of the iNOs/
NFkB/TNF Alpha Signalling Pathway
Authors: Li Jia , Liu Haiying , Shang Li
Published: September 2022

Aim:

To determine the effect of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) supplementation on some biochemical parameters in pregnant diabetic rats and the foetus.

Background:

The global incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been on the increase despite current interventional therapies, underscoring the need for alternative or complementary therapeutic approaches.

Objective:

To determine the effect of tBHQ on blood glucose, insulin resistance, body weights, relative liver and kidney weights, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol), liver function (albumin, aspartate and alanine amino transaminases) and kidney function markers (urea, creatinine and uric acid) in the sera, maternal and foetal renal levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, foetal weights and histology of the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ) induced GDM in rats was studied.

Methods:

Twenty female pregnant rats were used and they were divided into four groups of five rats each made up of control (normal pregnancy), disease (diabetic untreated), metformin (received 200 mg/kg metformin dissolved in distilled water) and tBHQ groups (received 25 mg/kg tBHQ in 1% corn oil) respectively. GDM was induced in the disease and treated groups by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg in sodium citrate buffer, pH 4.5).

Results:

STZ induction in the disease group, significantly increased their blood glucose levels (P<0.05), altered their body and foetal weights, relative liver and kidney weights, serum lipid profile, liver and kidney function markers in the sera (relative to the control), inducing oxidative stress and inflammation to the maternal and foetal kidneys and altered the maternal kidney histology which was improved following supplementation with tBHQ in a manner akin to or ever better than metformin.

Conclusion:

tBHQ was found beneficial in protecting the foetal kidneys against oxidative stress and the foetus against mortality arising from maternal hyperglycaemia. Finally, the study showed the potentials of tBHQ in mitigating histological changes in the maternal kidney arising from STZ induced hyperglycemia in rats.
Solvatochromic, Photophysical and DFT Studies of Newer 1-(2-
oxo-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)ethyl)pyridin-1-ium Bromide and
1-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)ethyl)-1H-imidazol-
3-ium Bromide Synthesized under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Mahulikar Pramod P. , Patil Atul S. , Patil Raosaheb S. , Patil Vikas S.
Published: September 2022

Aim:

The aim of the study was to design and develop a greener, efficient protocol towards
newer pyridinium and imidazolium compounds, and investigate optical, solvatochromic,
thermal, and theoretical properties.

Background:

Pyridinium and imidazolium based compounds show diverse application compounds with these basic skeleton designs in respect to get improved optical and thermal behavior.

Objectives:

The purpose is to study the optical properties of pyridinium and imidazolium
compounds, for which we illustrate the solvent polarity effect on the absorption and emission
behavior as a function of orientation polarizability and ET(30) solvent parameters. The
study focuses on thermal stability and computes the molecular orbital orientation and HOMO-
LUMO energies using theoretical simulation by the DFT approach.

Methods:

The structures were confirmed by FT-IR, Mass, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and optical
properties were investigated using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer and fluorometer.
The thermal behavior was investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis, and molecular
orbital orientation and energies were determined using GAUSSIAN 16 software.

Results:

The newer compounds with good thermal stability and optical behavior have been
synthesized and characterized. The study interprets the intermolecular electron transfer
amongst the molecules and the effect of solvents on their excitation and emission properties.
The experimental and theoretical study illustrates the optical, thermal, and electronic
properties of both compounds.

Conclusion:

The present work describes the solvatochromic optical behavior of pyridinium
bromide and imidazolium bromide synthesized by a microwave-assisted, greener and efficient
strategy. The solvatochromic study interprets the presence of non-specific solutesolvent
interactions. The photophysical, thermal, and DFT study revealed that both pyridinium
and imidazolium compounds are used for optoelectronic applications. Moreover, the
work could be helpful to researchers for developing new skeletons for optoelectronic applications.
The mathematical model of thermoelastic stresses in the Carpathian region
Authors: Bakhova Natalia
Published: September 2022

The two-dimensional thermoelastic model of the Carpathian region is constructed using the finite element method. The physical-mathematical model is as close as possible to the real environment. A~high-precision detailed distribution of temperatures, heat flow, thermoelastic stresses and displacements is obtained. It is shown that inhomogeneous heating of rocks and structural heterogeneities lead to significant changes in stress and displacement fields in the Carpathian region.
Estimasi Simpanan Karbon di Atas Permukaan Tanah pada Hutan Rakyat di Kawasan Perkotaan, Kota Bandar Lampung, Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Arianasari Vita , Kaskoyo Hari
Published: September 2022

Hutan rakyat memegang peranan yang tak kalah penting dalam aspek ekologis jika dibandingkan hutan jenis lainnya, salah satunya sebagai penyimpan karbon yang membantu dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim global. Keberadaan hutan rakyat yang termasuk bagian dari wilayah perkotaan cukup jarang ditemukan, sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan mengingat lokasinya yang cukup istimewa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi simpanan karbon yang terdapat pada hutan rakyat di kawasan perkotaan Kota Bandar Lampung, Provinsi Lampung. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode destruktif dan non-destruktif. Pengukuran simpanan karbon dilakukan pada tiga carbon pool yakni biomasa di atas tanah; nekromasa; serasah dan tumbuhan bawah. Pengukuran tersebut dilakukan dengan melakukan inventarisasi vegetasi pada 15 klaster plot yang berlokasi di hutan rakyat Kelurahan Pinang Jaya tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata simpanan karbon berkisar 54,59 tC/ha dengan interval nilai 48,93 tC/ha sampai 60,26 tC/ha. Biomasa di atas tanah memegang persentase terbesar sebagai penyumbang simpanan karbon yaitu sebesar 95,71%, diikuti dengan nekromasa 4,23%, serasah dan tumbuhan bawah 0,05%.
Sifat Papan Laminasi Kayu Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn) dengan Variasi Pola Gergajian Lamina dan Arah Lapisan
Authors: Rofii Muhammad Navis , Prasetyo Prasetyo , Listyanto Tomy , Primaningtyas Annisa , Suranto Yustinus , Prayitno T.A. , Widyorini Ragil
Published: September 2022

Kayu randu (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn) merupakan salah satu jenis kayu berkerapatan rendah yang potensial dimanfaatkan sebagai produk konstruksi ringan dalam bentuk produk laminasi kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat-sifat papan laminasi kayu randu dengan variasi pola gergajian dan arah serat lapisan tengah. Bahan penelitian berupa kayu randu yang diperoleh dari hutan rakyat dan bahan perekat PVAc (Polyvinyl Acetate). Papan laminasi dibuat dengan menyusun lamina yang telah dikeringkan dan diketam berukuran 100 x 9,5 x 1,7 cm (p, l, t) dan merekatnya dengan perekat PVAc dengan berat labur 280 g/m² kemudian diklem dan dikempa sebesar 1 MPa selama 12 jam. Ukuran papan yang dibuat adalah 100 x 38 x 5 cm (p, l, t). Setelah pengempaan, papan laminasi kemudian dikondisikan pada suhu dan kelembaban ruangan selama satu pekan sebelum dipotong menjadi contoh uji sifat fisika dan mekanika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi kedua faktor dan faktor pola gergajian lamina tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata pada sifat papan laminasi kayu randu, sedangkan arah serat lapisan tengah memberikan pengaruh nyata pada nilai kerapatan dan MOR. Secara umum papan laminasi kayu randu dengan penyusunan arah serat lapisan tengah sejajar menghasilkan nilai keteguhan lengkung statik dan keteguhan rekat yang lebih tinggi daripada arah serat...
Discretion and Interpretation of Indonesia Social Forestry by Local Forest Bureaucrats: Evidence from Yogyakarta Special Region Province
Authors: Permadi Dwiko Budi , Yuwono Teguh , Rohman
Published: September 2022

Social forestry policies can be effectively implemented if lower forestry bureaucrats can translate these policies on an operational scale. In the Street Level Bureaucracy theory, the discretion of front-line bureaucrats also colors the course of public policy implementation. This study aims to explore the discretion and interpretation of Indonesia social forestry policies by local forestry bureaucrats. This research uses a documentary study, using policy documents issued by the Provincial Government of Yogyakarta and interview materials of 14 source persons from the local forestry bureaucrats and forest farmer group collected by Lutviah (2019). The results show some policy instruments regulate the mechanism and profit-sharing of social forestry management. The discretion prove the local forestry bureaucrats prefer forestry partnership cooperation schemes to the licensing schemes (i.e., community forestry or Hutan Kemasyarakatn). Ecotourism environmental services are also preferred to the timber forest products due to the complexity and complicated procedures for timber harvesting. This study indicates that there is a creative discretion of local forestry bureaucrats in implementing Indonesia social forestry with the motive of obtaining local revenue from social forestry schemes, but some policy recommendation should be improved by the central government to accelerate the adoption of social forestry nationally.
The Foraging preference of stingless beekeeping in three types of land use at Lombok Island
Authors: Riendriasari Septiantina
Published: September 2022

The success of stingless beekeeping was supported by site suitability and the availability of floral sources. Bee feed is an important requirement for the sustainability of stingless beekeeping because it determines the qualities and quantities of bee products. The study aimed to examine the level of feed preference for stingless bees. The research location was divided into three types, i.e., agroecosystems, forests, and settlements. Acetolysis of the pollen where came from the hive was used to examine the foraging preferences of stingless bees. The results of the study were four species of stingless bee were identified, i.e., Tetragonula fuscobalteata, Tetragonula laeviceps, Tetragonula clypearis, and Heterotrigona erythrogastra. Based on the results of the data analysis, T. fuscobalteata was mostly cultivated in the settlement areas, T. laeviceps and T. clypearis were mostly found at the sites that were close to the agroecosystems, while H. erythrogastra was cultivated near the forest areas. The pollen that be favorite feed plants of Tetragonula was Bromeliaceae and Cyperaceae, while for H. erythrogastra, Rubiaceae was the preference of forage plants. However, the PCA showed that the preference of forage plants for the beekeeping of stingless bees was influenced by the availability of feed sources around their hives.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF TERNARY HYDROTROPIC SOLID DISPERSIONS OF ACECLOFENAC
Authors: SARKAR PRASENJIT , BISWAS MAJEE SUTAPA
Published: September 2022

Objective: Among the various strategies employed to enhance solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs in vivo, formulation of solid dispersion (SD) using hydrophilic and/or water-soluble carriers with varying physicochemical characteristics seems to be a developable, economically viable and easy option. The goal of the present study was to explore the possibilities of skimmed milk (SKM)-urea (U)-crospovidone (CP) as a novel ternary mixture of carrier-hydrotrope-superdisintegrant in SD of poorly water-soluble aceclofenac (ACF). Methods: Compatibility of ACF and ternary mixture of SKM-U-CP was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopic analysis. SDs of ACF-SKM, ACF-SKM-U and ternary hydrotropic SD, and ACF-SKM-U-CP were prepared in varying ratios of 1:1–1: 5 for ACF-SKM; 1:5:0.5, 1:5:0.75, and 1:5:1 for ACF-SKM-U and 1:5:0.75:0.25–1:5:0.75:1 for ACF-SKM-U-CP by solvent evaporation technique and were characterized by their solubility enhancement (compared to pure drug) at 25°C and drug dissolution profiles in double-distilled water and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). Results: Based on solubility enhancement data (82.10% and 44.06%) and maximum cumulative percentage drug release data (88.45% in 9 min and 76.18% in 60 s) in double-distilled water and phosphate buffer, respectively, ACF-SKM-U(1:5:0.75) was found to the best among ACF-SKM and ACF-SKM-U SDs which were used for studying the effect of adding CP as superdisintigrant. ACF: SKM: U: CP (1: 5: 0.75: 0.50) exhibited maximum solubility enhancement of 83.92% and 49.69% and cumulative percentage release of 98.55 % in 9 min and 85.67 % in 60 s in double-distilled water and buffer, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, the novel ternary mixture of SKM-U-CP has demonstrated marginal superiority over SKM as carrier for from hydrotropic SDs of ACF.
Novel and existing flexible survival methods for network meta-analyses
Authors: Heeg Bart , Garcia Andrea , Beekhuizen Sophie van , Verhoek Andre , Oostrum Ilse van , Roychoudhury Satrajit , Cappelleri Joseph Christopher , Postma Maarten Jacobus , Nicolaas Martinus Ouwens Mario Johannes
Published: September 2022

Aim:Technical Support Document 21 discusses trial-based, flexible relative survival models. The authors generalized flexible relative survival models to the network meta-analysis (NMA) setting while accounting for different treatment-effect specifications.Methods:The authors compared the standard parametric model with mixture, mixture cure and nonmixture cure, piecewise, splines and fractional polynomial models. The optimal treatment-effect parametrization was defined in two steps. First, all models were run with treatment effects on all parameters and subsequently the optimal model was defined by removing uncertain treatment effects, for which the parameter was smaller than its standard deviation. The authors used a network in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.Results:Flexible model-based NMAs impact fit and incremental mean survival and they increase corresponding uncertainty. Treatment-effect specification impacts incremental survival, reduces uncertainty and improves the fit statistic.Conclusion:Extrapolation techniques already available for individual trials can now be used for NMAs to ensure that the most plausible extrapolations are being used for health technology assessment submissions.
Implications of some types of pairwise closed graphs
Authors: Bouseliana Hend M. , Kılıçman Adem
Published: September 2022

The main goal of this paper is to introduce and look into some of the fundamental properties of pairwise strongly closed, pairwise strongly α-closed and pairwise quasi α-closed graphs. Some characterizations and several properties concerning these graphs are obtained. We also investigate relationships between (i, j)- strongly α-closed graph G(f) and (i, j)- weakly α-continuous. We study relationships between (i, j)- strongly α-closed (i, j)-quasi α-closed graphs with covering properties. The concepts of pairwise S∗-closed and pairwise quasi H-closed relatively are stated.
Future Price Prediction of Pulses Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sangale Shashank , Chauhan Gaurav , Luktuke Varad , Pande Nilay , Gaikwad Prof. P. S.
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Price is the key factor in financial activities. Insta- bility in the market is indicated by unexpected price fluctuations. Machine learning offers a wide range of strategies for predicting product prices in order to deal with market volatility.In this study, we investigate the use of a machine learning approach to forecast moong dal prices.A system which makes use of various machine learning algorithms like SVR, Random Forest, XGBoost and ARIMA is proposed. Based on a comparative study of the results given by these algorithms, the most optimal algorithmcan be chosen for further predictions.
Image Cryptography Design Based on Nano AES Security Algorithm
Authors: P Varsha. , Nanammal Dr. V.
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a specification for electronic data encryption. This standard has become one of the most widely used encryption methodand has been implemented in both software and hardware. A high-secure symmetric cryptography algorithm, implementation on field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The proposed architecture includes 8-bit data path and five main blocks. We design two specified register banks, Key-Register and State-Register, for storing the plain text, keys, and intermediate data. To reduce the area, Shift-Rows is embedded inside the State- Register. To optimize Sub-Bytes, we merge and simplify some parts of the Sub-Bytes. To reduce power consumption, we apply the clock gating technique to the design. This paper presents an Image Cryptography based 128-bit AES design. This Design is implemented in FPGA XC3S 200 TQ-144 using Verilog HDL and simulated by Modelsim 6.4 c and Synthesized by Xilinx tool.
Value-Added Products of Rice Husk in Various Disciplines
Authors: , Anamika , Ahmad Syed A. R. , Jatawa Suresh , Selvi V. A. , Tiwari Archana
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Oryza sativa is a highly produced crop for human consumption and survival so as the most ever waste-generating crop in Asian parts of the world, this creates problems due to its ancient disposal system that occupies large spaces and harms the environment in many ways. Thus, in order to present this waste as a golden opportunity for economic development and sustainable development, this review aims to mention different value-added products like bioadsorbent, biofertilizers, bioinsulators, and superhydrophobic coatings that would show a great utilization of agricultural waste. One of the most studied products is bioadsorbant showing a very high absorbing capacity towards methylene blue and As (V) in the groups of dyes and metals respectively. Biofertilizers are found to be a good and better alternative to chemical fertilizers by having higher shelf life and a good carrier of microbes. Due to very high silica content, Rice Husk was found to be a better bioinsulators on the basis of lower thermal conductivity properties. This presence of silica which gives sufficient roughness also made it possible to produce superhydrophobic coatings better than other coatings. All four products have been thoroughly reviewed, which still require further research for other value value-added products. This review can give a most important direction towards lignocellulosic biomass utilization in different applications rather than just using it in the production of biofuel.
Z.N. Gippius’ Poetry in A.F. Losev’s Heritage
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tacho-Godi Elena A.
Published: September 2022

The article for the first time raises the question of the attitude of the great Russian philosopher A.F. Losev to Z.N. Gippius’ poetry, summarizes all the accumulated factual material. The analysis shows that throughout his life A.F. Losev turns to Z.N. Gippius’ poetry. It is shown that the poem “Pereboi” [Heart Failure] had a special meaning for the thinker; it is quoted in philosophical works, epistolary and artistic heritage of the thinker, in whose mind this text was interfaced with concepts that were fundamentally important for him: Science, Music, Love, Faith, and the Heavenly homeland.
Forgotten Feuilleton by Anton Krainy about Korney Chukovsky (The First Republishing)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedotova Svetlana V.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the history of the writing of the feuilleton by A. Krayny The Non-Adult Critic (1914) in the context of the relationship between Z. Gippius and K. Chukovsky. Variants of the title, functions of the subtitle, citation strategies of the author, the main motives and ideas of the feuilleton are analyzed. The atypical style of this text for the pre-revolutionary newspaper and magazine issue of Gippius (stylistic and genre originality, literary and game character) is revealed. It is proved that the feuilleton is the only published opinion of Gippius on Chukovsky’s books, parodying his critical techniques and his favorite genre of literary portrait.
Other and Space of Meaning in the Emigration Prose of Zinaida Gippius
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Cymborska-Leboda Maria
Published: September 2022

The article reviews estimations of the “intellectual acuity” and literary qualities of Zinaida Gippius’s emigration prose and its links with European philosophy of the first half of the Twentieth Century (Martin Buber, 232 Gabriel Marcel). The article offers an examination of models exemplifying relationships with the Other, and discusses the concept of the Other in Gippius’s fiction. The analysis applied focuses on the following issues: (1) the projection of an idealized (utopian) relationship with the Other (the concept of “Tenderness”), and the perception of the feminine as an expression of particular Otherness; (2) plot situations highlighting the opposition Thou- It; (3) a model enabling the tracking of the transition from the ontology of human relationships, and the separation expressed in I-He/She, to the ethic of responsibility for the Other or sympathetic participation in His/Her being.
The Features of Zinaida Gippius’ Poetic Poetry
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Orlitsky Yuri B.
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes the metrics and stanza repertoire of Z.N. Gippius` poetry. The main individual features of the repertoire are determined, allowing to talk about the special place of Gippius poetry in Russian poetry of the Silver Age. The most interesting poetic phenomena characteristic of Gippius poetry are examined in detail: the combination of syllabotonics and tonics in one text, a free verse, experiments with rhyme, a tendency towards the most rigorous sonnet form.
Two Confidants of Zinaida Gippius: D.V. Filosofov and G.V. Adamovich
Authors:   А.М. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korostelev Oleg A.
Published: September 2022

The report deals with the relationship of Z. Gippius with D. Filosofov and G. Adamovich. Relations with D. Filosofov began with mutual hostility, having gone through the stages of secular acquaintance and literary alliance and at its highest point led to the triple alliance of Z. Gippius, D. Merezhkovsky and D. Filosofov — one of the central phenomena in the history of Russian modernism, that had an unprecedented influence on various sides of the literary, social, philosophical and religious process of the early twentieth century. Echoes of the disputes between G. Adamovich and Z. Gippius, partially captured in their correspondence, can be found in the articles and verses of both poets and critics. G. Adamovich continued to consider Z. Gippius an outstanding person to the end.
Board responsibilities for company climate plans
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn , Xu Tracy
Published: September 2022

The major research question of this paper is: “What are boards’ responsibilities for the climate plans of their companies?” There is no current consensus on how to do so. This paper explores the challenges of boards to assess annual meeting proposals concerning “Say on Climate” by both their own corporations and activist investors (Eccles, 2021; McDonnell, 2022). The guidance for board self-assessment for climate governance is provided. Next guidelines for boards to assess company climate plans are offered, and finally, conclusions are given. The major recommendation in this paper is that boards use six of the ten areas of the Climate Action 100+ Net Zero Company Benchmark Initiative to assess company climate plans. These key areas are climate governance, decarbonization strategy, net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 (or sooner) ambition, long-term, medium-term, and short-term GHG reduction targets. It is critical for boards to develop an effective climate governance structure and ensure that a company takes appropriate strategic decisions to manage climate-related risks and opportunities. And the most important role for investors is to ensure board of directors’ accountability.
London Series and Landscapes
Authors: Ed Crooks
Published: September 2022

I shot the short film Landscapes early in 1997. Starting in 1996 and continuing into 1998 I took series of photographs with a similar method and aesthetic to the film. Both the film and the photographs, which are featured in this documentation, are based on walks through areas of central London.
Mitral Valve Repair and Old Age: a Possible and Useful Combination.
Authors: Dato Guglielmo Actis , Dato Giulia Actis
Published: September 2022

Over the last few years cardiac changed radically and so has the average
age of the heart disease population progressively increased. Mitral
valve surgery has a significant margin for progress in conservative vs
replacement strategy. Mitral disease due to insufficiency in the elderly
population has historically suffered from lower repair rates but
deficiency alone should not limit repair operations in a specialized
environment ensuring good survival.
Uterine rupture in the third trimester of a pregnancy subsequent to a cesarean section by transverse uterine fundal incision: A case report and literature review
Authors: Koshimizu Kei , Kakogawa Jun , Murata Shuko , Suzuki Masato , Suzuki Takashi , Masaoka Naoki
Published: September 2022

Cesarean section by a transverse uterine fundal incision is applied for
patients with placenta previa to reduce blood loss. We describe a case
of uterine rupture in a pregnant women with previous cesarean section by
its procedure who had recovered from cardiac arrest by multidisciplinary
management.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Glomerular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Pyroptosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zheng Fengfan , Ma Linqiang , Li Xuan , Wang Zhihong , Gao Rufei , Peng Chuan , Kang Bing , Wang Yue , Luo Ting , Wu Jinshan , Yang Yi , Gong Lilin , Li Qifu , Yang Shumin , Hu Jinbo
Published: September 2022

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a network structure composed of loose chromatin and embedded with multiple proteins. Here, we observed increased NETs deposition in the glomeruli of DKD patients and diabetic mice (streptozotocin-induced or db/db mice). After NETs were degraded with DNase I, diabetic mice exhibited attenuated glomerulopathy and glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) injury. We also observed alleviated glomerulopathy and GECs injury in peptidylarginine deiminase 4–knockout mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. In vitro, NETs-induced GECs pyroptosis was characterized by pore formation in the cell membrane, dysregulation of multiple genes involved in cell membrane function, and increased expression of pyroptosis-related proteins. Strengthening the GECs surface charge by oleylamine significantly inhibited NETs-induced GECs pyroptosis. These findings suggest that the GECs charge-related pyroptosis is involved in DKD progression, which is promoted by NETs.
Endotrophin as a Marker of Complications in a Type 2 Diabetes Cohort
Authors: Tougaard Ninna Hahn , Møller Alexandra Louise , Rønn Pernille Falberg , Hansen Tine Willum , Genovese Federica , Karsdal Morten Asser , Rasmussen Daniel Guldager Kring , Rossing Peter
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

We investigated endotrophin, a profibrotic signaling molecule reflecting collagen VI formation, in serum and urine as risk marker for complications to type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Endotrophin was measured in 774 individuals with type 2 diabetes. Outcomes included a composite kidney end point, first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), mortality, progression of albuminuria, incident heart failure, and sight-threatening eye disease. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were applied.

RESULTS

Doubling of serum endotrophin was associated with the kidney end point (n = 49; hazard ratio 1.80 [95% CI 1.13–2.87]), first MACE (n = 66; 1.54 [1.04–2.28]), mortality (n = 156; 1.69 (1.31–2.19]), and incident heart failure (n = 42; 1.63 [1.02–2.60]). A doubling of urine endotrophin was associated with progression of albuminuria (n = 85; 1.20 [1.04–1.39]).

CONCLUSIONS

Serum endotrophin was a risk marker for mortality and kidney and cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Urine endotrophin was a marker for albuminuria progression.
Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prior to 26 Weeks is Related to The Presence of Mediobasal Hypothalamic Gliosis in Children
Authors: Chandrasekaran Suchitra , Melhorn Susan , Olerich Kelsey LW , Angelo Brendan , Chow Ting , Xiang Anny , Schur Ellen A. , Page Kathleen A.
Published: September 2022

Intrauterine exposure to metabolic dysfunction leads to offspring metabolic dysfunction in human and rodent models, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. The mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) is involved in energy homeostasis and weight regulation, and MBH gliosis associates with obesity and insulin resistance. We tested the hypothesis that offspring exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in utero vs those unexposed would demonstrate evidence of MBH gliosis. Participants in the BrainChild Study (age 7-11 years, with confirmed GDM exposure or no GDM exposure) underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging to acquire T2 weighted images. By using the amygdala (AMY) and white matter (WM) as reference regions, MBH:AMY and MBH:WM T2 signal ratios were calculated as a radiologic measure of MBH gliosis. Linear regressions examined associations between GDM exposure (GDM overall, and by timing of GDM exposure (£26 weeks or >26 weeks) and MBH gliosis. Secondary analyses examined associations between pre-pregnancy BMI and child MBH gliosis. There were no differences in T2 signal ratios in children exposed vs unexposed to GDM overall, but children exposed to early GDM (<26 weeks gestation) had higher MBH:WM ratios compared to unexposed (β=0.147, SE 0.06; p=0.03), adjusting for child’s age, sex, BMI z-score and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI; whereas no associations were seen for the control ratio. Pre-pregnancy BMI was not associated with evidence of MBH gliosis. Early exposure to GDM was associated with radiologic evidence of MBH gliosis in children.  These data provide mechanistic insight into brain pathways by which exposure to GDM may increase risk for metabolic dysfunction. 
The Prognostic Value of the Geriatric Index of Comorbidity for Predicting an Outcome in Patients Over 60 Years of Age With Polytrauma. Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Valieva R. I. , Zadneprovskiy N. N. , Ivanov P. A.
Published: September 2022

Background Nowadays, since the older people are keeping and increasing their professional and social activity, the risk of injury in these patients is escalating. However, the results of polytrauma treatment among patients over 60 years old are worse than in the group of younger patients. This may be associated with the presence of concomitant somatic pathology, which worsens the prognosis of for survival among elderly and senile patients. In the modern literature, there is no description of effective tools for assessing the comorbid status in elderly and senile patients with polytrauma. Nevertheless, there are scales and indices of comorbidity developed for non-surgical patients. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients over 60 years of age with polytrauma and a several concomitant diseases, it is necessary to develop new or adapt one of the already created tools for assessing comorbid status.

Purpose of the study To assess the dependence of the mortality rate in a group of patients with polytrauma over 60 years of age on the presence of concomitant somatic pathology and its severity, calculated by the geriatric index of comorbidity.

Materia l and methods During the period from 2005 to 2020, 116 patients with polytrauma and chronic somatic pathology were treated at the Sklifosovsky Institute. The inclusion criteria for the study were the following: patients aged over 60 years old; или patients’ age over 60 years old; the Injury Severity Score over 17, the presence of concomitant somatic pathology in patients. The exclusion criteria were the lack of complete necessary information in the medical history, patients’ age being less than 60 years old. The Geriatric Index of Comorbidity was calculated for each patient. A retrospective analysis was conducted.

Results A Geriatric Index of Comorbidity of 3 or more in the elderly patients with polytrauma was found prognostically unfavorable for survival (p=0.005). When implementing the Geriatric Index of Comorbidity rating system, the presence of concomitant somatic pathology was found to have the greatest impact on elderly and senile patients with polytrauma and Injury Severity Score 18–24 (p=0.001).

Conclusion The system of calculating the Geriatric Index of Comorbidity is advisable to use for assessing the risk of mortality from concomitant somatic pathology and its severity in patients with polytrauma over 60 years of age.
Etiology, Pathogenesis and Outcomes of Patients Treated at the Burn Center of N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine
Authors: Sachkov A. V. , Spiridonova T. G. , Zhirkova E. A. , Brygin P. A. , Smirnov K. S.
Published: September 2022

Background We identified patients treated at our Burn Center over a 14-year period.

Material and methods The following data were studied: the annual and total number of patients, the number of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the Burn Unit (BU), gender and age of the patients, the epidemiology of burn injury, percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) burned, percentage of inhalation injury, percentage of full thickness burns, mortality.

Results It was revealed that the annual number of patients averaged 730 (692; 747). The proportion of those hospitalized to the ICU was 35–49%, and 51–65% to the BU. These figures did not differ significantly (all p>0.05; Fisher exact test [FET]). The male to female ratio was 2.3-1.6:1. The age of the patients increased from 44 (31; 59) to 48 (33; 62) years (p=0.003; M–W test). The percentage of the etiological factors changed: flame burns accounted for 60% of cases in 2006 and 34% of cases in 2019 (p<0.001; FET). The number of patients with scalds increased from 18% in 2006 to 33% in 2019 (p=0.023; FET). The proportion of patients with inhalation injury without burns did not exceed 15% for the entire study period. Median burn area among all hospitalized decreased by almost twice from 2006 to 2019: total area from 12% to 7% TBSA (p<0.001; M–W test); superficial, from 10 to 6% TBSA (p<0.001; M–W); deep burns, from 9 to 3% TBSA (p<0.001; M–W). In patients in the ICU, the median of the total burned area was 20–25% TBSA, the area of superficial burns prevailed without a statistically significant difference between 2006 and 2019. (p=0.285; M–W test). The median area of deep burns gradually decreased by more than twice: from 15% TBSA in 2006 to 7% TBSA in 2019 (p<0.001; M–W test). For the period from 2006 to 2019 overall mortality in the burn center decreased from 16.7% to 7.4% due to a 2.4-fold decrease of mortality from 16.3% to 6.9% in the ICU (p<0.001; FET). In the BU, for the entire period it was 0.4-1.6%. In 2019, the highest mortality of 27% was observed in combined burns and inhalation injury (InI) followed by InI without burns (13.6%), and then came electrical injury (11.8%).

Conclusion For 14 years, mortality has decreased by more than twice. The highest number of deaths was observed among patients with skin burns and InI, InI without burns and electrical injury. Annual number of admissions in ICU and BU, gender ratio remained steady. The median area of total burns decreased by 2-3 times, the median area of deep burns in patients in the ICU decreased by 2 times. The median age of burn patients increased by 4 years and began to refer to the middle age group according to the WHO classification.
Predicting the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis Using Ultrasound Markers and Clinical Scales
Authors: Rudenko V. A. , Kakaulina L. N. , Verzakova I. V. , Karamova I. M.
Published: September 2022

Abstract For the timely determination of the tactics of treatment of acute pancreatitis, it is necessary to predict the severity when the patient enters the hospital.

Aim of the study To assess the possibility of predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis using ultrasound markers, clinical scales.

Material and methods A retrospective analysis of the diagnostic results of 84 patients who were hospitalized for acute pancreatitis was carried out. The results of clinical-laboratory and morphological diagnostic methods obtained upon admission of a patient to a hospital in patients with varying degrees of severity of ap were analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed using prognostic scales — marshall, ranson, sofa, bisap. The analysis of morphological changes in the pancreas during ultrasound and computed tomography was performed using the balthazar classification.

Results The sensitivity of clinical scales for determining the severity of ap was 67% on the sofa scale, 87.5% on the bisap scale, and 100% on the ranson and marshall scales. All patients (22) who had signs corresponding to the balthazar stage d and e upon ultrasound examination subsequently had a moderate and severe course of the disease.

Conclusion The use of ultrasonic markers of acute pancreatitis in conjunction with the data of clinical and laboratory scales makes it possible to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis.
The Effect of the Enteral Homeostasis Correction Program on the Hemorheological Pattern in Acute Poisoning With Corrosive Substances
Authors: Potskhveriya M. M. , Ilyashenko K. K. , Belova M. V. , Bitkova E. E. , Simonova A. Yu.
Published: September 2022

Background poisonings with corrosive substances in russia retains a high proportion among acute exotoxemias. They are accompanied by severe homeostasis disorders with changes in hemorheological pattern in particular.

Aim of study To evaluate the effect of the enteral correction of homeostasis (ech) on the hemorheological patterns in patients with acute poisoning with corrosive substances.

Material and methods Patients with chemical burns of the mucous membrane of the esophagus of the 2nd-3rd degree and stomach of the 2nd-3rd degree who were treated at the n.v. sklifosovsky research institute for emergency medicine in 2017–2021 were examined. In 73 patients, ech was performed (study group), and 35 patients received standard treatment (comparison group). Indicators of hemorheological status were examined on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days in the course of ongoing therapy, as well as before and after intestinal lavage in patients of the study group. Statistical data analysis was carried out using the statistica 10 software package (statsoft, inc., usa).

Results The first stage of ech, characterized by the use of intestinal lavage, has no negative effect on hematocrit, plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation indices.

The use of a glucosated enteral solution led to a decrease in plasma viscosity under normal hematocrit conditions at all follow-up periods. In patients of both groups, there was a decrease in blood viscoelasticity under conditions of high shear potential at all stages of the study, which indicates violations of the deformability of red blood cells. This process is more significant in individuals of the comparison group. The conducted studies have shown that standard treatment and ech for poisoning with corrosive substances have a corrective effect on the hemorheological profile aimed at stabilizing blood circulation, however, according to a number of indicators, the effect of ech is more pronounced.

Conclusion The program of enteral correction of homeostasis and standard treatment for poisoning with corrosive substances have a unidirectional effect on the indicators of the hemorheological pattern. In cases of application of the enteral homeostasis correction program, the outstripping improvement of the majority of the studied hemorheological parameters is seen.
Parameters Predicting Poor Blood Pressure Control among Male Hypertensives in A Primary Care Setting, Kwara State Nigeria
Authors: Ademola Christy O. , Obalowu Ismail A. , Bamidele Tolulope O. , Ayadi Adewale O. , Mohammed Abdulkadri , Yusuf Ramat A.
Published: September 2022

Background: Poor blood pressure control is a global challenge and male hypertensives constitute an important group of patients that should be treated with utmost priority because previous studies have associated male gender with high prevalence of hypertension and poor blood control. Aim: This was to determine the level of blood pressure (BP) control and to find the relationship between the demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters that can predict uncontrolled BP among male hypertensives. Material and Method: This study was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional descriptive study done in Family Medicine department of the University of Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The study population was male hypertensives. Interviewers’ questionnaires were used to obtain information and clinical measurements such as BP and body mass index were taken with appropriate instruments. Laboratory measurement including fasting blood glucose and fasting lipid profile were also carried out. Data was collected using the Version 20 software packages of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-20). Result: About half (48%) of the respondents had control atBP ≤140/90 mmHg, 34.9% at ≤130/80 and only 15.7% had optimum BP control. The diastolic BP control 154(67.2%) was higher than those with systolic BP control 107(46.2%). Multiple regression analysis shows that only increasing age (P value = 0.003) and low level of education (P value = 0.009) can predict the development of uncontrolled hypertension. Conclusion: This study shows that there is poor BP control among male hypertensives and increasing age and low level of education can predict uncontrolled hypertension.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis pada Pembelajaran PPKn Melalui Model Belajar Mind Mapping
Authors: Adi Panggih Nur , Rahma Indah Fitria , Anjar Agus , Toni Toni , Siregar Zunaidy Abdullah
Published: September 2022

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa melalui model belajar Mind Mapping. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Bilah Hulu, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas menggunakan prasiklus, siklus I, dan siklus II untuk mencari perbandingan peningkatan melalui observasi dan tes soal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan yang sangat signifikan; pada kegiatan prasiklus hanya tujuh orang mendapatkan kategori Sangat Kreatif dengan skor 28,06%, kemudian meningkat pada kegiatan Siklus I yakni 8 orang mendapatkan kategori Sangat Kreatif dengan skor 33,3%, kemudia pada kegiatan Siklus II jumlah siswa yang mendapatkan kategori Sangat Kreatif melonjak dengan skor 61,09%. Berdasarkan kenaikan pada hasil tes maupun observasi, dapat dianalisa bahwa model belajar atau teknik Mind Mappng dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam aspek mengkomunikasikan serta mengumpulkan fakta yang diamati oleh observer pada pembuatan peta konsep.
The Role of Social Media and Community Culture and Their Effect on Community Participation in Village Development in Jambi Province
Authors: Anderson Irzal , Kuswanto Kuswanto , Apipah Apipah
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the role of social and cultural media on community participation in village development in Jambi Province. This research is quantitative research with multiple regression analysis conducted in Jambi Province in general. The data collection technique used a questionnaire distributed to all respondents. Based on data analysis conducted using SPSS version 21, it is evident that the variables of the role of social media (X1) and Culture (X2) simultaneously affect community participation. This can be seen from the basis of decision making, namely if the p-value < sig alpha (5%) is 0.000 <0.05, it means that the independent variable has an influence on the dependent variable. The effect of the variables of the role of social and cultural media on the community participation variable is 0.576 or 57.6%, while the remaining 42.4% (100% - 57.6%). This means that the role of social media (X1) and culture (X2) together has an effect on community participation (Y) by 57.6% and while the remaining 42.4% is influenced by other variables outside this study.