bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in the Central Adriatic Sea: Are They Connected to Urban Wastewater Inputs?
Authors: Fonti Viviana , Di Cesare Andrea , Šangulin Jadranka , Del Negro Paola , Celussi Mauro
Published: December 2021

Despite last decades’ interventions within local and communitarian programs, the Mediterranean Sea still receives poorly treated urban wastewater (sewage). Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) performing primary sewage treatments have poor efficiency in removing microbial pollutants, including fecal indicator bacteria, pathogens, and mobile genetic elements conferring resistance to antimicrobials. Using a combination of molecular tools, we investigated four urban WWTPs (i.e., two performing only mechanical treatments and two performing a subsequent conventional secondary treatment by activated sludge) as continuous sources of microbial pollution for marine coastal waters. Sewage that underwent only primary treatments was characterized by a higher content of traditional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria, as well as potentially pathogenic bacteria (especially Acinetobacter, Coxiella, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Empedobacter, Paracoccus, and Leptotrichia), than those subjected to secondary treatment. However, seawater samples collected next to the discharging points of all the WWTPs investigated here revealed a marked fecal signature, despite significantly lower values in the presence of secondary treatment of the sewage. WWTPs in this study represented continuous sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) ermB, qnrS, sul2, tetA, and blaTEM (the latter only for three WWTPs out of four). Still, no clear effects of the two depuration strategies investigated here were detected. Some marine samples were identified as positive to the colistin-resistance gene mcr-1, an ARG that threatens colistin antibiotics’ clinical utility in treating infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study provides evidence that the use of sole primary treatments in urban wastewater management results in pronounced inputs of microbial pollution into marine coastal waters. At the same time, the use of conventional treatments does not fully eliminate ARGs in treated wastewater. The complementary use of molecular techniques could successfully improve the evaluation of the depuration efficiency and help develop novel solutions for the treatment of urban wastewater.
Controlling Eutrophication via Surface Aerators in Irregular-Shaped Urban Ponds
Authors: Hao Aimin , Kobayashi Sohei , Xia Dong , Mi Qi , Yan Ning , Su Mengyao , Lin Aishou , Zhao Min , Iseri Yasushi
Published: December 2021

Surface aerators have often been introduced in urban ponds for esthetics, but their roles in remediating water quality are less understood. Effects of surface aerators on controlling eutrophication were examined in two urban ponds, in which anaerobic odors and cyanobacterial blooms had occurred and several aerators had been installed. In one of the ponds, a dramatic improvement in dissolved oxygen (DO) (from 1.8 to 8.1 mg L−1) and total phosphorus (TP) (from 1.6 to 0.4 mg L−1) was evident based on the comparison before and after the aeration. Although cyano-bloom did not occur, phytoplankton was dominated by cyanobacteria Microcystis species in both periods. Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) increased (from 29 to 51 μg L−1) and water transparency decreased (from 81 to 27 cm) after the aeration. In the other pond with an irregular shape, water quality was monitored two years after the installation to examine seasonal variation in trophic state and its spatial variation associated with aerator distribution. The water was mixed vertically well for the whole pond, as indicated by small surface-to-bottom differences in temperature. DO decreased in summer after rainfall but was always >5.7 mg L−1. Total nitrogen (TN) and TP were 0.8–2.3 and 0.03–0.07 mg L−1, respectively, and no cyano-blooms were observed across sites throughout the year. Phytoplankton was dominated by green algae and diatom species, which may be favored by the lower phosphorus level of the pond. Chl-a was higher and transparency was lower in the north side, which had more aerators and less shade from trees and buildings. These results suggest that surface aerators increased DO by vertical and horizontal mixing of water, reduced phosphorus release from sediment, and prevented cyano-bloom occurrence, but they did not improve Chl-a level and transparency. Rather, aeration can promote algal growth, and thus, additional purifying measures such as filtration and contact oxidation are required to further improve the trophic state of these ponds.
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Discharge Prediction of Multipurpose Dam
Authors: Hong Jiyeong , Lee Seoro , Lee Gwanjae , Yang Dongseok , Bae Joo Hyun , Kim Jonggun , Kim Kisung , Lim Kyoung Jae
Published: December 2021

For effective water management in the downstream area of a dam, it is necessary to estimate the amount of discharge from the dam to quantify the flow downstream of the dam. In this study, a machine learning model was constructed to predict the amount of discharge from Soyang River Dam using precipitation and dam inflow/discharge data from 1980 to 2020. Decision tree, multilayer perceptron, random forest, gradient boosting, RNN-LSTM, and CNN-LSTM were used as algorithms. The RNN-LSTM model achieved a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.796, root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 48.996 m3/s, mean absolute error (MAE) of 10.024 m3/s, R of 0.898, and R2 of 0.807, showing the best results in dam discharge prediction. The prediction of dam discharge using machine learning algorithms showed that it is possible to predict the amount of discharge, addressing limitations of physical models, such as the difficulty in applying human activity schedules and the need for various input data.
Sediment Yield and Reservoir Sedimentation in Highly Dynamic Watersheds: The Case of Koga Reservoir, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Gebiaw T. , Kuriqi Alban , Jemberrie Mengistu A. , Saia Sheila M. , Seka Ayalkibet M. , Teshale Engidasew Z. , Daba Mekonnen H. , Ahmad Bhat Shakeel , Demissie Solomon S. , Jeong Jaehak , Melesse Assefa M.
Published: December 2021

Soil erosion is exacerbated by unsustainable land-use activities and poor management practices, undermining reservoir storage capacity. To this effect, appropriate estimation of sediment would help to adopt sustainable land-use activities and best management practices that lead to efficient reservoir operations. This paper aims to investigate the spatial variability of sediment yield, amount of sediment delivery into the reservoir, and reservoir sedimentation in the Koga Reservoir using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Sediment yield and the amount entered into the reservoir were also estimated using a rating curve, providing an alternative approach to spatially referenced SWAT generated suspended sediment load. SWAT was calibrated from 1991 to 2000 and validated from 2002 to 2007 using monthly observations. Model performance indicators showed acceptable values using Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) correlation coefficient (R2), and percent bias (PBIAS) for flow (NSE = 0.75, R2 = 0.78, and PBIAS = 11.83%). There was also good agreement between measured and simulated sediment yields, with NSE, R2, and PBIAS validation values of 0.80, 0.79, and 6.4%, respectively. The measured rating curve and SWAT predictions showed comparable mean annual sediment values of 62,610.08 ton/yr and 58,012.87 ton/yr, respectively. This study provides an implication for the extent of management interventions required to meet sediment load targets to a receiving reservoir, providing a better understanding of catchment processes and responses to anthropogenic and natural stressors in mixed land use temperate climate catchments. Findings would benefit policymakers towards land and water management decisions and serve as a prototype for other catchments where management interventions may be implemented. Specifically, validating SWAT for the Koga Reservoir is a first step to support policymakers, who are faced with implementing land and water management decisions.
The Identification of Risks for Drinking Water Intakes in Urbanized Area: The Case Study of Toruń (Central Poland)
Authors: Kubiak-Wójcicka Katarzyna , Jamorska Izabela , Górski Łukasz
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the problem of natural hazards connected with climatic changes and their influence on water safety. A medium-sized town in central Poland which is supplied with consumption water from both underground water intakes and surface water resources was selected as a case study. Natural hazards, such as droughts or floods, were identified and the risk of the occurrence of natural hazards concerning water supply systems assessed. The findings of the archived data analysis for the period 1971–2020 helped to identify extreme circumstances, the occurrence of which had an impact on secure water supplies in terms of quantity. Moreover, the results obtained indicate that the greatest influence had all the situations connected with the Drwęca low water discharge, which in the long term could lead to temporary water shortages. In the analyzed period, there was a significant increase in the number of days without precipitation, together with a statistically significant increase in the average annual air temperature. Meteorological hazards related to days without precipitation far outweighed the occurrence of days with intense precipitation. The analysis of water table fluctuations observed at the Jedwabno infiltration intake showed a high sensitivity of the aquifer to atmospheric conditions.
Simulation of an Oxic-Settling-Anaerobic Pilot Plant Operated under Real Conditions Using the Activated Sludge Model No.2d
Authors: Vitanza Rosa , Cortesi Angelo , Gallo Vittorino , De Arana Maria E. , Vasiliadou Ioanna A.
Published: December 2021

Oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process has been introduced into the treatment line of wastewater in order to upgrade activated sludge processes and to reduce the production of excess sludge. The aim of the present study was to simulate the performance of an OSA pilot plant by implementing the Activated Sludge Model No.2d (ASM2d) into a mathematical modelling software (BioWin). The stepwise calibration, performed both by off-line experiments and software dynamic calibration, was carried out in a heuristic way, adjusting the parameters values that showed a major influence to the effluent and internal concentrations. All the reduction factors introduced into ASM2d to simulate the processes occurring in anoxic and anaerobic conditions were lowered in order to reproduce the concentrations of interest. In addition, the values of parameters of the PAOs (polyphosphate accumulating organisms)-related process (namely qPHA and YPO4) were found lower than those usually adopted. In general, theoretical results were in good agreement with the experimental data obtained from plant’s operation, showing an accurate predictive capacity of the model. Good performance was achieved considering the phosphorus removal related process, while some failures were detected in COD and ammonia simulations.
The Influence of Internal Erosion in Earthen Dams on the Potential Difference Response to Applied Voltage
Authors: Zhao Mingjie , Liu Pan , Jiang Li , Wang Kui
Published: December 2021

Internal erosion is widely perceived as contributing to the failure of earthen dams. To reduce the failure risk, timely monitoring of internal erosion is an effective method in observing their internal structure evolution. A set of earthen dam model experiments were conducted. Under an applied voltage, the response potential differences (PD) at the slope of the dam models were collected before and after the impoundment of the upstream reservoir. The discrepancy among the four dam models, the influence of soil moisture content on PD, and the impact of internal erosion on PD were studied. The results show that it is acceptable to employ different dam models to simulate the development of internal erosion, although the discrepancy among the models is inevitable. The moisture content of the soil significantly affects the PD response to applied voltage. The PD increases with an increase in soil moisture content until the soil is saturated. The change in PD is correlated with the development of internal erosion. With the progression of internal erosion, the starting position for the steep increase in PD distribution continues to move toward the dam toe. In addition, the electrode stability is noted to have an effect on measured PD, which requires further studies to be clarified. This study sets the stage for the PD-based monitoring method in observing the evolution of internal erosion in earthen dams.
Zoonotic Significance and Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella in Poultry in Bangladesh for the Period of 2011–2021
Authors: Hossain Md. Jannat , Attia Youssef , Ballah Fatimah Muhammad , Islam Md. Saiful , Sobur Md. Abdus , Islam Md. Amirul , Ievy Samina , Rahman Asadur , Nishiyama Akira , Islam Md. Shafiqul , Hassan Jayedul , Rahman Md. Tanvir
Published: December 2021

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella in poultry poses a serious human health threat as it has zoonotic importance. Poultry is often linked with outbreaks of Salmonella-associated foodborne illness. Since antimicrobials are heavily used in poultry in Bangladesh, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella is quite frequently found there. MDR Salmonella is challenging to treat with antimicrobials and often causes a severe economic loss in the poultry sector. By horizontal gene transfer and/or evolutionary mutations, antimicrobials primarily exert selection pressure that contributes to antimicrobials resistance. In addition, resistance patterns can vary with variations in time and space. Without having prior knowledge of resistance patterns, no effective drugs could be prescribed. Therefore, it is crucial to have updated knowledge on the status of AMR in Salmonella in Bangladesh for effective treatment and management of the flocks against salmonellosis. There are several review articles on AMR in Salmonella in poultry in Bangladesh; they lack the whole scenario of the country and particularly do not have enough data on the poultry environment. Considering this scenario, in this review, we have focused on AMR in Salmonella in poultry in Bangladesh (2011–2021), with particular emphasis on data from the poultry and farm environments on a divisional zone basis.
Cost accounting and cost calculation of dairy cattle products taking into account the requirements (IAS) 41 «Agriculture»
Authors: Khoruzhy L. I. , Tryashtsina N. Yu. , Katkov Yu. N. , Gupalova T. N. , Katkova E. A.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of accounting for the production costs of agricultural organizations and calculating the cost of milk and fruit using the provisions (IAS) 41 «Agriculture». The scope of application of the standard (IAS) 41 «Agriculture» is indicated, and its application is justified by agro-formations, taking into account costs and calculating the cost of milk and fruit. The author’s system of subaccounts to accounts on accounting of biological assets and results of their biotransformation is described. The method of calculating the cost of production of the main herd in dairy cattle breeding based on the requirements (IAS) 41 «Agriculture» is disclosed. The obtained results can be used by organizations of the agro-industrial complex to take into account costs and calculate costs in dairy cattle breeding, formulate accounting policies, business plans and substantiate management decisions.
Monitoria ambiental e suas contribuições na gestão dos Parques Estaduais Caverna do Diabo, Ilha do Cardoso e Turístico do Alto Ribeira (Vale do Ribeira, SP)
Authors: Mira Luciano Festa , Marinho Maurício de Alcântara , Lobo Heros Augusto Santos
Published: December 2021

A condução de visitantes em Unidades de Conservação no Estado de São Paulo é regulamentada desde 1998, com a chancela legal do profissional denominado como “monitor ambiental”. A sua atuação se justificou, inicialmente, para preencher uma lacuna que o Estado não conseguia atender, de ter profissionais acompanhando visitantes em roteiros turísticos nos territórios sob sua gestão. Neste contexto, a monitoria ambiental ganhou força em regiões como o Vale do Ribeira, um território afetado por diversas áreas naturais protegidas e com precarização na oferta de empregos e oportunidades de geração de renda nos moldes da economia tradicional. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida no contexto de três Parques Estaduais da referida região e buscou avaliar a visão dos monitores ambientais sobre sua contribuição na gestão das Unidades de Conservação. Para tanto, foram feitas entrevistas com monitores ambientais, de modo a obter sua visão sobre sua atuação, tanto enquanto condutores de visitantes, como em outras atividades que porventura desenvolvam. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os monitores ambientais possuem uma compreensão clara sobre o significado teórico e prático de gestão participativa, bem como de sua ampla atuação e dos problemas desta relação com o Estado.
Educação Ambiental como fator estruturante da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos: um estudo a partir de experiências práticas
Authors: Leite Carlos Henrique Pereira , Moita Neto José Machado , Bezerra Ana Keuly Luz
Published: December 2021

O estudo tem como finalidade evidenciar como a Educação Ambiental pode atuar na consolidação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, apresentando, de forma sistêmica os aspectos que circundam a matéria (sociais, ambientais, econômicos) de forma adequada. Para tanto, procedeu-se à análise de três artigos, na qual buscou-se traçar criticamente a rede sistêmica entre os temas abordados, mormente no que diz respeito à relação com a Educação Ambiental. Verificou-se, ao final, a imprescindibilidade da educação ambiental como fator estruturante e unificador das mais diversas políticas ambientais, inclusive para a temática relativa à destinação dos resíduos sólidos e, consequentemente, ao desenvolvimento sustentável.
Produção de uma cartilha educacional sobre fossas sépticas
Authors: Martins Amarildo Otávio , Ricardo Elisângela Silva Lopes , Sousa Hélvio Silvester Andrade de , Lemke Priscila , Souza Vanessa de
Published: December 2021

O sistema de fossa séptica-filtro é um tratamento de esgoto doméstico que ocorre pela ação de microrganismos, que são responsáveis pela decomposição da matéria orgânica. Foi desenvolvido uma cartilha educacional com relação ao conceito, funcionamento e manutenção das fossas sépticas e filtros anaeróbios, elaborada por estudantes do IFC, utilizando um programa de design gráfico. A cartilha complementa as políticas públicas de saneamento na cidade de Pomerode (SC), que através de um Diagnóstico Amostral identificou que 91,70% da população utiliza o tratamento unifamiliar de esgoto doméstico através do sistema de Fossa Séptica e filtro anaeróbio; ressaltando a importância da elaboração da cartilha educacional.
Integração entre as dimensões da sustentabilidade e a atividade-fim das IES brasileiras
Authors: Bedin Érika Pena , Faria Luiz Carlos de
Published: December 2021

Muitos estudos exploraram como as universidades podem aprimorar seu papel na sociedade, desenvolvendo novas abordagens e conteúdos educacionais e fornecendo apoio à pesquisa para objetivos de sustentabilidade. Porém, consideram a atividade-fim das IES quase sempre como estanque. Deste modo, o presente estudo visou integrar as dimensões da sustentabilidade com atividade-fim das IES brasileiras. Utilizou-se de métodos como revisão bibliográfica e documental para a análise de estudos científicos relacionados à indicadores de sustentabilidade em IES. Os resultados mostraram que embora existam constantes esforços tantos das IES públicas como privadas, a sustentabilidade ainda atinge baixos níveis de integração à atividade-fim.
Práticas pedagógicas de Educação Ambiental na Escola Estadual Indígena Tupinambá do Acuípe de Baixo em Ilhéus (BA)
Authors: Oliveira Matheus Bezerra de , Costa-Pinto Alessandra Buonavoglia , Maria Garcia Angela
Published: December 2021

O objetivo maior da Educação Ambiental (EA) é fomentar a conservação da biodiversidade, considerando também a autorrealização individual, social e comunitária. Com a pesquisa que resultou nesse trabalho, objetivou-se identificar como se dão as práticas pedagógicas de Educação Ambiental no Colégio Estadual Indígena Tupinambá de Acuípe de Baixo em Ilhéus (BA). Aplicou-se uma metodologia qualitativa, através de pesquisa bibliográfica e coleta de dados, por meio da Matriz de Indicadores de Educação Ambiental para Avaliação da Sustentabilidade Socioambiental na Escola, no intento de produzir um estudo de caso da Educação Ambiental Indígena na escola Destaque-se que no decorrer da pesquisa percebeu-se que a EA existente na escola possui importantes saberes e práticas que precisam ser valorizadas e que podem inclusive serem replicadas em outras escolas e assim contribuir para implementação de uma EA crítica, transversal e continuada.
Mujeres del circo de fines del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX en Argentina. La vida de carpa entre la libertad y la resistencia.
Authors: Losada Camila
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo se propone analizar las representaciones sobre las mujeres artistas circenses entre finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX en Argentina focalizando en las tensiones que configuraban sus identidades y corporalidades sexo-genéricas y en sus modos disonantes de actuar la feminidad, asimismo, recuperando y poniendo en valor saberes y prácticas circenses que han sido históricamente invisibilizados desde una perspectiva de género. A partir de material de archivo, testimonios y entrevistas reflexiono sobre el entrecruzamiento paradójico entre los mandatos patriarcales y los espacios de libertad y resistencia que el circo habilitó para las mujeres, convirtiéndose en modelos desafiantes para la época, en una coyuntura en la que operaba una moral conservadora que reprimía la sexualidad y los cuerpos y que comenzaba a ser disputada por las mujeres y los primeros pasos del feminismo.
Hablar de los 90. Variaciones de una comunidad
Authors: Lamanna Guiñazú Damián
Published: December 2021

El artículo analiza producciones actuales que abordan la generación argentina de poetas de los 90, algunas de ellas elaboradas por los propios integrantes de dicho grupo poético: el último número de la revista La Trompa de Falopo, publicado en 2020 tras la muerte de Ricardo “Circo” Cerqueiro; el documental de Mario Varela La vida que te agenciaste (2018); y otros dos textos de los últimos años: Hierba sobre el mundo castigado, del Colectivo poético involuntario (2017) y La poesía en estado de pregunta, entrevistas realizadas por el poeta Osvaldo Aguirre (2014). Algunas preguntas que organizan el recorrido del artículo son: ¿existe acaso algún deslizamiento entre la idea de generación y la idea de comunidad?, ¿hay una deuda común que pueda condensarse como una estética o una política?, ¿por qué el afán de estos poetas de representarse a sí mismos una vez más? Por último, ¿por qué ese pasado insiste con volver reconvertido?, ¿una nueva revista reemplaza a un cuerpo para que no quede nada por saldar?
“Timbre de gloria”. José Eleuterio González: primer editor de las Memorias de fray Servando Teresa de Mier y forjador de un heterodoxo canon literario regional
Authors: Barrera Enderle Víctor
Published: December 2021

En 1876, de las prensas oficiales del palacio de gobierno del estado mexicano de Nuevo León salió impreso un libro inusual, que habría de sustentar las bases para la conformación de una identidad regional: se trataba de las dos primeras partes del corpus textual que conformaría las Memorias de fray Servando Teresa de Mier. Su editor era el médico, humanista e historiador José Eleuterio González. Con este libro, González resucitaba la escritura de fray Servando, que había caído en el olvido desde su muerte en 1827 (salvo algunos fragmentos publicados, al despuntar la década de 1860, por el escritor Manuel Payno), y lo colocaría como modelo de conducta pública y política. El trabajo editorial de González implicó el rastreo de las fuentes y la arqueología textual, así como la conformación del corpus textual para dar coherencia al relato autobiográfico. En este ensayo, me propongo describir el proceso de confección de esta edición, desde una perspectiva múltiple: como parte de la historia literaria y cultural del México decimonónico, así como desde la articulación de un discurso identitario regional que, en muchos aspectos contrastaba y se oponía al modelo nacional.
Dos espacios discursivos de La Guerra de Tres Años
Authors: Martínez Carrizales Leonardo , Martínez Luna Esther
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo aborda la novela La Guerra de Tres Años de Emilio Rabasa, quien no solo fue un novelista destacado sino un servidor público y un jurista que participó en la confección de documentos del derecho constitucional en México. La obra corresponde al discurso letrado de los liberales y fue publicada por vez primera en el periódico El Universal en 1891, bajo la dirección de Rafael Reyes Spíndola, personaje muy ligado al régimen de Porfirio Díaz.

El artículo tiene como propósito contrastar el espacio discursivo original de la novela (propio de un periódico liberal comprometido en las luchas ideológicas del Porfiriato tardío) con el espacio correspondiente a la segunda edición realizada en 1931 por la editorial Cvltura, cuyo prólogo estuvo a cargo de Victoriano Salado Álvarez. Esta segunda edición se ha convertido en el testimonio textual de referencia para la historiografía literaria mexicana. La consagración editorial de este testimonio, sin embargo, ha pasado por alto las operaciones de sentido que se implican en la incorporación de la obra de un escritor liberal decimonónico en pleno auge del giro populista del México revolucionario, transformando hacia los años treinta las convicciones más preciadas del liberalismo. En este último aspecto estriba el foco de nuestro estudio.
Evaluating the presence of deregulated tumoral onco-microRNAs in serum-derived exosomes of gastric cancer patients as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers
Authors: Kahroba Houman , Samadi Nasser , Mostafazadeh Mostafa , Hejazi Mohamad Saied , Sadeghi Mohammad Reza , Hashemzadeh Shahryar , Eftekhar Sadat Amir Taher , Karimi Abbas
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging diagnostic biomarkers for different types of cancers. We aim to detect gastric cancer (GC)-specific miRNAs in serum exosomes with diagnostic potential. Methods: A pair of 43 tumor and tumor-adjacent tissue biopsies obtained from GC patients, also 5 mL peripheral blood (following 12h fasting) were collected from the same patients and healthy controls (HCs). QIAGEN miRCURY LNA miRNA Focus PCR Panel applied to screen differentially expressed onco-miRNAs. The candidate miRNAs with the highest fold changes proceeded for validation by qRT-PCR in individuals. Results: We identified that exosomal miR-10a-5p, miR-19b-3p, miR-215-5p, and miR-18a-5p were significantly upregulated in GC patient’s exosomes in contrast to HCs exosomes, Roc curve analysis indicated area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.801, 0.721, 0.780 and 0.736 respectively. The Roc curve analysis for the combined signature of four exosomal miRNAs indicated AUC of 0.813. Also, Spearman's correlation coefficients indicated that the miRNA expression is highly correlated between tumor and exosome. Conclusion: Herein, we specifically identified four miRNAs in serum exosomes of GC patients for a diagnostic purpose which are directly associated with tumoral miRNA expression profile.
miR-1290 contributes to oncogenesis and angiogenesis via targeting of THBS1, DKK3 and, SCAI
Authors: Soheilifar Mohammad Hasan , Pornour Majid , Saidijam Massoud , Najafi Rezvan , Azizi Jalilian Farid , Keshmiri Neghab Hoda , Amini Razieh
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world with high mortality, hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the tumor progression are important for CRC diagnosis and treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene expression regulators that can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in tumor cells, and modulate angiogenesis as a critical process in tumor metastasis. MiR-1290 has been demonstrated as an onco-miRNA in various types of cancer, however, the role of miR-1290 in CRC is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic and angiogenic potential of miR-1290 in CRC. Methods: Lenti-miR-1290 was transduced into HCT116, SW480, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). By bioinformatics analysis, we identified thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) as a novel predicted target for miR-1290. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and luciferase reporter assay were used to demonstrate suppression of miR-1290 target genes including THBS1, Dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 3 (DKK3), and suppressor of cancer cell invasion (SCAI) in HCT116 and HUVECs. Cell cycle analysis, proliferation, migration and, tube formation were determined by flow cytometry, MTT, wound healing, and tube formation assays, respectively. Results: MiR-1290 significantly decreased the expression of THBS1, DKK3, and SCAI. We demonstrated that miR-1290 enhanced proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis partially through suppression of THBS1, DKK3, and SCAI in CRC. Conclusion: These results suggest a novel function of miR-1290 which may contribute to tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in CRC.
Association between Ag-RP, alpha-MSH and cardiovascular risk factors regarding adherence to diet quality index-international (DQI-I) among obese individuals
Authors: Mahmoudinezhad Mahsa , Abbasalizad Farhangi Mahdieh
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Obesity is a strong promoter of cardiometabolic risk factors and is associated with several chronic comorbidities. Recently, the role of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and agouti related peptide (Ag-RP) in regulation of energy balance has attracted much attention. In current study, we evaluated the association between α-MSH and Ag-RP with cardiometabolic factors among obese individuals with different adherence to Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) values. Methods: In this research, 188 obese adults aged between 20 and 50 years old and body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 40 kg/m2 were recruited. Dietary intakes of participants and DQI-I calculation was performed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 132 food items. Serum glucose, lipids, insulin, and plasma α-MSH and Ag-RP levels were measured using ELISA kits. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were also calculated. Results: Among those with the lowest adherence to DQI-I, Ag-RP was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.03) among males, which was associated with waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.01). Moreover, among males with low and moderate adherence to DQI-I, α-MSH was positively associated with insulin (P = 0.04), weight (P = 0.03), WC (P < 0.01), SDP (P = 0.02) and DBP (P = 0.01). Also, Ag-RP showed a positive association with BMI values (R2 = 0.03; P = 0.03). Conclusion: According to our findings, in obese subjects with poor to moderate adherence to DQI-I, Ag-RP and α-MSH were in positive correlation with cardiometabolic risk factors. These findings further clarify the clinical importance of these parameters as prognostic factors of cardiometabolic abnormalities.
The association between end-tidal carbon dioxide and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide after cardiopulmonary bypass pumping in cyanotic children
Authors: Nooralishahi Behrang , Faroughi Rozhin , Naghashian Hooman , Taghizadeh Ashkan , Mehrabanian Mohammadjavad , Dehghani Firoozabadi Mehdi
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Evidence suggests the high capability of non-invasive assessment of the End-tidal carbondioxide (ETCO2) in predicting changes in arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2) following major surgeries in children. We aimed to compare EtCO2 values measured by capnography with mainstream device and EtCO2 values assessed by arterial blood gas analysis before and after cardiopulmonary bypass pumping in cyanotic children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 32 children aged less than 12 years with ASA II suffering cyanotic heart diseases and undergoing elective cardiopulmonary bypass pumping. Arterial blood sample was prepared through arterial line before and after pumping and arterial blood gas (ABG)was analyzed. Simultaneously, the value of EtCO2 was measured by capnography with mainstream device. Results: A significant direct relationship was found between the changes in ETCO2 and arterialPCO2 (r = 0.529, P = 0.029) postoperatively. According to significant linear association between postoperative change in ETCO2 and arterial PCO2, we revealed a new linear formula between the two indices: ΔPCO2 = 0.89× ETCO2-0.54. The association between arterial PCO2 and ETCO2 remained significant adjusted for gender, age, and body weight. Conclusion: the value of ETCO2 can reliability estimate postoperative changes in arterial PCO2 in cyanotic children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass pumping.
Safety and effectiveness of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) in refractory angina patients: A systematic reviews and meta-analysis
Authors: Rayegani Seyed Mansoor , Heidari Saeed , Maleki Majid , Seyed-Nezhad Maryam , Heidari Maryam , Parhizgar Seyed Ehsan , Moradi-Joo Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is believed to be a non-invasive treatment for coronary artery disease and angina. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of EECP in refractory angina patients through a systematic reviews and meta-analysis. We conducted a comprehensive search of the literature published on PubMed, Cochrane library, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Trip Database and Google Scholar databases using appropriate keywords and specific strategy with no time limit. Having selected and screened the studies based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluating their quality based on the Cochrane checklist. For the meta-analysis,the Mantel-Haenszel method or the generic Inverse Variance was used. Analyses were done with Review Manager 5.2 software. A number of 299 studies were initially reviewed and finally, seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Also, thirteen outcomes were analyzed and the results of meta-analysis in twelve outcomes including (Systolic Blood Pressure (7 studies), Diastolic Blood Pressure (7 studies), Pulse Pressure (4 studies), Mean Arterial Pressures (4 studies), Heart Rate (6 studies), Angina episodes (7 studies), Walking distance (2 studies),Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification (6 studies), Flow-Mediated Dilation (3 studies), Daily Nitrate Usage (4 studies), Exercise Treadmill Test-Time (2 studies), ST-segment depression (2 studies)demonstrated a significant clinical advantage in the EECP treatment effectiveness in patients with angina. No significant difference was observed regarding EECP usefulness (P = 0.18) in the outcome of brachial artery diameter (2 studies). Based on the meta-analysis, the results indicate the safety and effectiveness of EECP in patients with angina pectoris and indicate the usefulness of this treatment in these patients. In general, the authors believe that the general conclusion in this regard requires some studies with a large sample size and a control group assignment.
Clinical Efficacy of the 940-nm Diode Laser in the Treatment of Recurrent Pockets in the Periodontal Maintenance Phase
Authors: Alizadeh Tabari Zahra , Pournasir Leila , Mohammadreza Sadegh , Anbari Fahimeh
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The basis of periodontal treatments is the mechanical removal of bacterial biofilm, which is often not sufficient. Therefore, laser therapy can be effective as an adjunct treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the 940-nm diode laser in the treatment of recurrent pockets of patients in the periodontal maintenance phase. Methods: The present clinical trial study was performed on 20 patients. Clinical indices, including bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) of the studied teeth were recorded before the test. The different quadrants were randomly divided into two experimental (scaling and root planing (SRP)+Laser) and control groups (SRP alone). Both groups were matched in terms of plaque index (PI). Clinical indices were re-recorded using therapeutic methods 30 and 90 days after the treatment, and data analysis was carried out using the t test and LSD. Results: There were no significant differences in PI, PPD, CAL, and BI in both groups before the treatment (P>0.05). However, there were significant differences in PPD, CAL, and BI in the two groups one month after the treatment (P<0.05); it means that improvements were more significant in the experimental group than in the control group. Comparing experimental and control groups, we found that there were no significant differences in PPD and CAL indices three months after the treatment (P>0.05); however, there were significant improvements in the BI index in both groups (P<0.05), so that the improvement was better in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: Both SRP+Laser and SRP alone improved clinical indices in patients. In short-term follow-up, the effect of SRP+Laser treatment on BI, CAL, PPD was significantly superior to SRP treatment alone, but in long-term follow-up, SRP+laser was more effective than SRP alone in improving the BI index.
Diagnostic Evaluation of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT in Parkinsonism
Authors: Babaei Aghdam Zahra , Najmi Tabrizi Safa , Arasteh Amin , Khalafi Mohammad , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Mahmoudian Babak
Published: December 2021

Background Parkinsonism as a group of movement disorders, exhibit similar clinical presentation. Therefore, clinically differentiating these diseases is difficult. We investigated the diagnostic value of 99m Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT in this setting. Due to the fact that this modality has some limitations in imaging small organs like the sub-regions of basal ganglia, we also evaluated the use of anatomical MR imaging along with functional SPECT imaging in parkinsonism. Methods This follow-up diagnostic test evaluation study was performed with 40 patients with the clinical presentation of parkinsonism, and 10 healthy subjects as controls. After administration of the radiopharmaceutical, SPECT images were acquired, then co-registered on MRI. Uptake values were evaluated in basal ganglia semi-quantitatively. Results In this study, 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT was able to differentiate essential tremor and healthy subjects from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) with a sensitivity of 76.47% and specificity of 100% at a cut-off of 0.53; however, findings were not significant in differentiation of PD from PSP (p ˃0.05), and the results were similar in SPECT and co-registered MRI/SPECT images. In evaluation of the uptake pattern in basal ganglia, the lateralization of decreased uptake was only seen in PD; and in PSP, the dysfunction was bilateral in all patients. Conclusion 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT is sensitive and specific in diagnosing basal ganglia dysfunction; however, 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT alone or co-registration on MRI are not adequate in differentiation of the etiologies of basal ganglia dysfunction.
Outcome and early complications of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP): a cross-sectional study on 626 Patients
Authors: Bafandeh Yousef
Published: December 2021

Background. ERCP is the gold standard procedure for diagnosis and potential treatment of biliary-pancreatic disorders with various distributions in different areas of the world. The study aimed to evaluate the findings, outcome, complications and technical experiences of ERCP, also by considering the correlation of findings with liver function tests (LFT) and imaging. Methods. In this descriptive – cross sectional data-based study for 12 years from 2007, 626 (43.9% male and 56.1%female; mean age 60 Ys) consecutive patients were subjected with therapeutic purpose at two referral hospitals. Results. Epigastric pain (40%), jaundice (39.4%) and pruritus (38.1%) were the most common indications. CBD was cannulated by optimal wire- guided sphincterotomy in 486(77.6%) patients. Precut was performed in 65(10.6%) with successful cannulation in 61 cases (93.8%) and 7.7% of complications, including perforation. A total success rate of 98% was obtained. The most common diagnoses were CBD stone(s) in 322 (51.4%) and biliary-pancreatic cancers in 114 (18.2%) of cases. No LFT (ALT, ALP and Bilirubin) predicted the diagnoses. The higher concordance rate of imaging studies in comparison with ERCP was 75% for stone(s) and the lower rate of 11.1% for tumors. Metallic stents were used in 15(2.4%) of inoperable malignant cases with life expectancy of more than 6 months. Complications occurred in 29 cases (4.6%) including duodenal perforation (0.8%), pancreatitis (1.6%) and bleeding (1.2%). Mortality rate was 0.4%. Conclusion. Although no single laboratory or imaging can exactly predict the finding or outcome, but by considering judicious case selection, appropriate use of available tools and standard techniques, the procedure could be safe with a few complications and higher success rates.
Frequency of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 6-11 years old in the city of Piranshahr
Authors: Piroti Abdolkarim , Amiri Shahrokh , Tabatabaei Seyed Mahmoud
Published: December 2021

Background. One of the most common childhood disorders is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ADHD in children aged 6-11 years in Piranshahr city (Iran). Methods. This descriptive-analytical study involved six hundred primary school students (300 girls and 300 boys) in Piranshahr city who were enrolled in the study using stratified random sampling. The frequency of ADHD was assessed using the short form of the Conners Teacher and Parent Rating Scale. Results. The frequency of inattention and hyperactivity indices in girls were respectively 13% and 15%, per Conners Parents Rating Scale, and 14.6% and 16.6% per Conners Teacher Rating Scale, while the frequency of ADHD index was 6.33% and 8.66%, respectively. The frequency of inattention and hyperactivity indexes in boys were respectively 11% and 17% per Conners Teacher Rating Scale, and 20.6% and 24.6%, respectively, per Conners Parents Rating scale, whereas the frequency of ADHD index was based on parents and teacher was 5.6% and 18.3%, respectively. Conclusion. This study showed that the prevalence of children prone to ADHD in the Piranshahr region is relatively high in comparison with other regions of the country. Therefore, it is necessary to study this disorder in the identity card of children at the entrance to kindergartens and schools to identify the patients, so through timely and appropriate intervention, its important complications in adolescence and adulthood can be prevented.
Laparoscopic repair of retro-caval ureter: report of two cases
Authors: Farshi Alireza , Jafarlou Denial
Published: December 2021

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital disorder and surgery is necessary when the patient is symptomatic or having significant functional obstructions. The two cases referred to our center with severe hydronephrosis on their right sides. In both cases further evaluation with CT scan showed the diagnosis of retrocaval ureter. The retrocaval segment of the both ureters were isolated and after the excision of the narrow segments, end to end anastomosis have been done with transperitoneal laparoscopic technique. The laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure and should be considered as a standard treatment for retrocaval ureter.
Temel Eğitim Öğretmenlerinin Değer Eğitimine Yönelik Görüşleri
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Yusuf , MERCAN UZUN Elif , BÜTÜN Eda
Published: December 2021

Temel eğitimde görev yapan öğretmenler, değer gelişimi için önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu nedenle araştırmada temel eğitim öğretmenlerinin değer eğitimine ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesine göre belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2020-2021 öğretim yılında görev yapan 33 okul öncesi ve sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Görüşme sorularını belirlemek için alanyazın taraması yapılmış, öğretmenlerle görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Oluşturulan sorular hakkında uzman görüşü alındıktan sonra öğretmenlerle görüşmeler gerçekleştirilerek sorulara son hali verilmiştir. Böylece 13 yapılandırılmış sorudan oluşan bir görüşme formu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada değer eğitiminin gerekli görüldüğü ancak akademik odaklı anlayışın, eğitimin programındaki yetersizliğin ve uygulamaların öğretmen inisiyatifine bırakılmasının değer eğitimini olumsuz etkilediği belirtilmektedir. Araştırmada ayrıca değer gelişiminde ailenin önemli bir unsur olduğu, aile ve okul dışında değer eğitiminde medyanın, sosyal medyanın, arkadaş çevresinin etkili olduğu, değer öğretiminde genellikle telkin yaklaşımının kullanıldığı, değer gelişiminin takibi ve değerlendirilmesinde zorluk çekildiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda değer eğitiminin programın temelinde yer alması, yaşantı temelli etkinliklerin düzenlenmesi, aile-okul-çevre birlikteliğinin sağlanması, çağdaş değer öğretim yöntemlerinin kullanılması gibi önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Palm leaf catechins improved insulin-related pathways in diabetic rats
Authors: Rohimi Nordanial , Roslan Tan Rosalina Tan , Abu Bakar Nurul'Ain , Mohamed Suhaila
Published: December 2021

Catechin-rich oil-palm leaf extract (OPLE) (Elaeis guineensis) was previously demonstrated to possess benefits for diabetes and cardio metabolic health (vasodilation, antioxidant, cardiovascular, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective properties) in animal models. For insights into OPLE anti-diabetic mode-of-action and possible toxicity, the effects of dietary OPLE on insulin-signaling pathways mRNA expressions in the liver, kidney, pancreas, and spleen of normal and diabetic rats were examined. Type-2-Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were induced by chronic high-fat diet and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection. The OPLE (100 mg/kg body weight) were fed daily to normal and T2DM-induced rats. The OPLE suppressed hyperglycaemia and excessive weight gain in the T2DM rats, and appeared harmless to normal rats. The OPLE supplementation significantly (p<0.05) modulated the mRNA expressions of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PIK3R1); insulin signaling receptor (INSR); insulin-receptor substrates 1 and 2; and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase-1 (ENPP1) especially in the livers of normal rats and the spleen of diabetic rats. Results suggested the OPLE probably help prevent diabetes in healthy mammals and ameliorate the immune functions of diabetic mammals. The OPLE improved the antioxidant defence responses, insulin-pathways mRNA expressions in the normal and diabetic rats; suppressed hyperglycaemia and excessive weight gain in T2DM rodents without observable liver or kidney toxicity at the dose used.