bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposta de elemento de integração para a interface entre alvenaria estrutural e esquadria
Authors: Zucchetti Lais , Azambuja José Alberto , Bonin Luis Carlos , Masuero João Ricardo , Morsch Inácio Benvegnu , Masuero Angela Borges , Molin Denise Carpena Coitinho Dal
Published: April 2012

A utilização de sistemas modulares na indústria da construção tem crescido de forma acentuada nos últimos anos no Brasil, sendo que, dentre estes, se destaca o sistema construtivo de alvenaria estrutural. Entretanto, diversos estudos apontam uma alta incidência de manifestações patológicas relacionadas a este sistema. A interface entre alvenaria e esquadria é um dos locais de maior incidência de problemas, além de representar um gargalo construtivo, pela necessidade de realização de inúmeras atividades que dependentes da mesma. O presente artigo apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento de uma nova solução para este problema, denominada elemento de integração, incluindo sua definição geométrica, funcional e conceitual, bem como a produção de protótipos virtuais e físicos (com diferentes materiais). Ao longo do desenvolvimento de diferentes modelos, foram realizadas avaliações pela equipe de projeto, a partir das quais foram introduzidas melhorias. Ao todo, foram produzidos 4 modelos virtuais, 3 modelos físicos na escala 1:1, e uma parede experimental. Os principais resultados apontam para a viabilidade e adequação da proposta ao sistema construtivo, bem como identificam o possível aumento de construtibilidade do sistema como um todo a partir da aplicação do elemento desenvolvido.
Produto interno bruto, emprego e renda do macrossetor da construção civil paranaense em 2006
Authors: Kureski Ricardo
Published: April 2012

Este artigo apresenta os multiplicadores de emprego e renda, direto, indireto e induzido para a economia do estado do Paraná, dando ênfase à indústria da Construção Civil. O primeiro passo para a realização do trabalho foi estimar a matriz de insumo-produto do estado do Paraná para 2006, por meio do método RAS. Na sequência, obteve-se o Produto Interno Bruto do macro-setor da Construção Civil ─ cerca de 8,07% do PIB do estado. Também foram estimados os volumes de emprego e renda direto e indireto induzido. Os resultados apontaram que o consumo final da indústria da Construção Civil gera 423,5 mil empregos, no valor de 2.418 milhões de reais de renda do trabalho.
Land use interpretation for cellular automata models with socioeconomic heterogeneity
Authors: Furtado Bernardo Alves
Published: April 2012

Cellular automata models for simulation of urban development usually lack the social heterogeneity that is typical of urban environments. In order to handle this shortcoming, this paper proposes the use of supervised clustering analysis to provide socioeconomic intra-urban land use classification at different levels to be applied to cellular automata models. An empirical test in a highly diverse context in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Belo Horizonte (RMBH) in Brazil is provided. The results show that a reliable division into different socioeconomic land-use classes at large scale enable detailed urban dynamic analysis. Furthermore, the results also allow the quantification of the proportion of urban space occupation for different levels of income; (2) and their pattern in relation to the city centre.
FDR's Near-Assassination in Miami's Bay Front Park
Authors: Smith Harold Ivan
Published: April 2012

On February 15, 1933, President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt survived an assassination attempt in Miami. FDR's death would have provoked a constitutional crisis and heightened the nation's financial depression. In a global society, death anxiety may be heightened when a head of state is assassinated, incapacitated by, or survives an assassination attempt. Given the migration disporia of a nation, especially due to political and financial conditions, a leader's assassination may have immediate implications for neighbors or colleagues in other countries. Terror management theory suggests that following threatening events, individuals must defuse heightened death anxiety. Some individuals become more conservatively religious or frame incidents in religious-defined interpretations. Thus, many concluded that God “spared” Roosevelt.
Evaluation of leaching behavior and immobilization of zinc in cement-based solidified products
Authors: Barbir Damir , Dabic Pero , Krolo Petar
Published: April 2012

This study has examined leaching behavior of monolithic stabilized/solidified
products contaminated with zinc by performing modified dynamic leaching test.
The effectiveness of cement-based stabilization/solidification treatment was
evaluated by determining the cumulative release of Zn and diffusion
coefficients, De. The experimental results indicated that the cumulative
release of Zn decreases as the addition of binder increases. The values of
the Zn diffusion coefficients for all samples ranged from 1.210-8 to
1.1610-12 cm2 s-1. The samples with higher amounts of binder had lower De
values. The test results showed that cement-based
stabilization/solidification treatment was effective in immobilization of
electroplating sludge and waste zeolite. A model developed by de Groot and
van der Sloot was used to clarify the controlling mechanisms. The controlling
leaching mechanism was found to be diffusion for samples with small amounts
of waste material, and dissolution for higher waste contents.
Inventory model of deteriorating items with two-warehouse and stock dependent demand using genetic algorithm in fuzzy environment
Authors: Yadav Dharmendra , Singh S.R. , Kumari Rachna
Published: April 2012

Multi-item inventory model for deteriorating items with stock dependent
demand under two-warehouse system is developed in fuzzy environment
(purchase cost, investment amount and storehouse capacity are imprecise )
under inflation and time value of money. For display and storage, the
retailers hire one warehouse of finite capacity at market place, treated as
their own warehouse (OW), and another warehouse of imprecise capacity which
may be required at some place distant from the market, treated as a rented
warehouse (RW). Joint replenishment and simultaneous transfer of items from
one warehouse to another is proposed using basic period (BP) policy. As some
parameters are fuzzy in nature, objective (average profit) functions as well
as some constraints are imprecise in nature, too. The model is formulated so
to optimize the possibility/necessity measure of the fuzzy goal of the
objective functions, and the constraints satisfy some pre-defined necessity.
A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the model, which is illustrated on
a numerical example.
How Are Physical Activity, Fitness, and Sedentary Behavior Associated With Insulin Sensitivity in Children?
Authors: Henderson Mélanie , Gray-Donald Katherine , Mathieu Marie-Eve , Barnett Tracie A. , Hanley James A. , O’Loughlin Jennifer , Tremblay Angelo , Lambert Marie
Published: April 2012

OBJECTIVE

To describe the associations among moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fitness, sedentary behavior (SB), and insulin sensitivity (IS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data were drawn from the baseline assessment of the QUALITY cohort, which included 630 white youth (aged 8–10 years at recruitment), with at least one obese biological parent. IS was measured by two fasting indices (insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)–based index (Matsuda IS index [Matsuda-ISI]). Fitness was measured by Vo2peak; percent fat mass (PFM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; 7-day MVPA was measured with accelerometry. SB indicators included average hours daily of self-report screen time (SBst), and average minutes daily at <100 counts/min from accelerometry (SBacc). Multivariable linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, season, and puberty.

RESULTS

MVPA and SBacc were independently associated with IS, but this was no longer statistically significant after accounting for PFM. SBst was negatively associated with IS in girls only, even after controlling for physical activity (PA), fitness, and adiposity; for each additional hour of SBst daily, IS decreased by 4.6–5.6% across all IS indices. Fitness was positively associated with IS (measured by Matsuda-ISI) after accounting for PA, SB, and PFM; for every 1 unit increase in Vo2peak, Matsuda-ISI increased by approximately 1.0% (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

In children with an obese parent, PA and SBacc are associated with IS, but this association is mediated by adiposity. SBst is negatively associated with IS in girls, beyond its known impact on adiposity. Finally, fitness is independently associated with better IS measured by OGTT.
Bilateral Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Adrenal Leiomyomas in a Child without an Established Immunodeficiency
Authors: Sathe Pragati A. , Shah Hardik U. , Kothari Kanchan S. , Ranganathan Sarangarajan , Kandalkar Bhuvaneshwari M.
Published: April 2012

Adrenal leiomyomas are rare, bilateral ones being rarer. Literature available on these rare tumors documents only 4 cases in children less than 12 years of age. Each case has been associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome or some other immunodeficiency state. Here we present a rare case of large, bilateral, adrenal leiomyomas in a child with no known immunodeficiency. An 11-year-old girl with a past history of herpes zoster (1 year before the present complaints) was admitted with abdominal pain of 2 months' duration. Radiology revealed bilateral adrenal neoplasms, probably bilateral pheochromocytoma. Histology showed bilateral adrenal leiomyomas that were Epstein-Barr virus associated. We report this case to draw attention to the occurrence of a common pathologic entity at an uncommon site in a setting of no definite known immunodeficiency.
Immunohistochemical Expression of GLUT1 and its Correlation with Unfavorable Histology and TP53 Codon 72 Polymorphism in Wilms Tumors
Authors: Rakheja Dinesh , Khokhar Shama , Mitui Midori , Cost Nicholas G.
Published: April 2012

Reprogramming of energy metabolism, such as increased glycolysis, is a hallmark of cancer cells. One mechanism by which cancer cells fuel glycolysis is through increased uptake of glucose across cell membranes via the glucose transporter GLUT1. One of the transcriptional repressors of GLUT1 is wild-type TP53, and cancer-associated loss of function mutations within the DNA-binding domain of TP53 impairs the repressive effect of TP53 on transcriptional activity of the GLUT1 gene promoter. Because TP53 mutations are associated with unfavorable histology (diffuse anaplasia) in Wilms tumors, we hypothesized increased expression of GLUT1 in these tumors. To evaluate this hypothesis, we performed tissue microarray–based immunohistochemistry for GLUT1 in a set of 50 Wilms tumors, including 5 with unfavorable histology. In a subset of 16 favorable histology Wilms tumors, we compared the GLUT1 immunoexpression with TP53 codon 72 polymorphism status. We found consistently stronger immunoexpression of GLUT1 in unfavorable histology Wilms tumors compared to favorable histology Wilms tumors ( P = 0.04). We noted that the favorable histology Wilms tumors with a proline residue at position 72 of TP53 tended to have higher immunoexpression of GLUT1, although this immunoexpression did not reach statistical significance in this small set of cases. In summary, our finding of strong GLUT1 immunoexpression in unfavorable histology Wilms tumors indicates that these tumors are likely to be 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-D-glucose avid and that GLUT1 should be evaluated as a therapeutic target for these tumors that otherwise show resistance to conventional therapy.
Uniformly bounded composition operators in the banach space of bounded (p, k)-variation in the sense of Riesz-Popoviciu
Authors: Armao Francy , Głazowska Dorota , Rivas Sergio , Rojas Jessica
Published: April 2012

We prove that if the composition operator F generated by a function f: [a, b] × ℝ → ℝ maps the space of bounded (p, k)-variation in the sense of Riesz-Popoviciu, p ≥ 1, k an integer, denoted by RV(p,k)[a, b], into itself and is uniformly bounded then RV(p,k)[a, b] satisfies the Matkowski condition.
One and two soliton solutions for seventh-order Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon and Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-KP equations
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid
Published: April 2012

In this work, we explore more applications of the simplified form of the bilinear method to the seventhorder Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon (CDG) and the Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-KP (CDG-KP) equation. We formally derive one and two soliton solutions for each equation. We also show that the two equations do not show resonance.
Resonance states in an effective chiral hadronic model
Authors: Rau Philip , Steinheimer Jan , Schramm Stefan , Stöcker Horst
Published: April 2012

With an effective chiral flavour SU(3) model we show the effect of hadronic resonances on the QCD phase diagram. We state that varying the resonance couplings to the scalar and vector fields affects the order and location of the phase transition, the possible existence of a critical end point (CEP), and the thermodynamic properties. We present (strange) quark number susceptibilities at zero baryochemical potential and at three different points at the phase transition. Comparing results to lattice QCD, we state that reasonable large vector couplings limit the phase transition to a smooth crossover ruling out a CEP.
Successful experience with Levitronix PediVAS for management of acute heart failure after Fontan surgery
Authors: Bezuska Laurynas , Lebetkevicius Virgilijus , Lankutis Kestutis , Tarutis Virgilijus
Published: April 2012

An extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was long a golden standard in the pediatric population with acute cardiac failure for short-term mechanical circulatory support. It gives the limited availability of pediatric-sized pumps and the outcomes remain disproportionately poor. The Levitronix PediVAS system (Levitronix LLC, Waltham, MA) offers expanded options for short-term support for this population. We report our experience with the successful use of the PediVAS (left heart bypass) in the 3-year-old male patient as a bridge to recovery after Fontan surgery in acute heart failure. Short-term circulatory support with the Levitronix PediVAS has proven to be a less invasive, safe, and effective for our pediatric patient.
Suitability of different tissue fixatives for subsequent PCR analysis of Cysticercus ovis
Authors: Kolesárová M. , Herich R. , Levkut M. , Čurlík J. , Levkut M.
Published: April 2012

PCR amplification of specific DNA regions is a powerful tool for retrospective studies, but not all preservation or fixation methods render DNA that is suitable for subsequent amplification. Several factors affect sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. There were reported the effects of commonly used fixation solutions — 10 % neutral buffered formalin, 20 % neutral buffered formalin and Carnoy’s solution and the efficiency of PCR amplification in fresh tissue and paraffin (or wax) embedded samples of Cysticercus ovis. DNA from samples was isolated and PCR product of 1300 bp was amplified. Results indicated that the samples fixed in Carnoy’s solution produced reliable amplification of desired fragments. The samples that were fixed in 10 % and 20 % neutral buffered formalin brought negative results.
Lepus corsicanus gastro-intestinal helminths: first report
Authors: Usai F. , Rinnovati R. , Trocchi V. , Stancampiano L.
Published: April 2012

Italian hare Lepus corsicanus De Winton, 1898, is a true species living in simpatry with Lepus europaeus in mainland Italy and with Oryctolagus cuniculus in Sicily, where L. europaeus is absent. Up to date, nobody has studied the helminths of this endemic Italian Mammal. Therefore, in order to describe Italian hare gastro-intestinal helminths, gastro-intestinal tract of 29 Italian hares, coming from mainland Italy (#14) and from Sicily (#15) were collected between 1997 and 2009. Twentyfive hares were positive for at least one parasite (86 %). Six parasite species were isolated, 2 cestodes (Cittotaenia pectinata, prevalence 3 %) and Paranoplocephala sp., 3 %) and 4 nematodes (Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, 86 %, Graphidium strigosum, 14 %, Trichuris sp., 10 % and Teladorsagia circumcincta, 7 %). Both Teladorsagia circumcincta circumcincta and Teladorsagia circumcincta trifurcata morphotypes were identified. Comparison with available data regarding L. europaeus and O. cuniculus in Italy is provided. Being not T. circumcincta and Paranoplocephala sp. typical parasites of leporids, a description of the observed specimens is given.
Black grouse in Czech Republic and its parasites
Authors: Jankovska I. , Bejcek V. , Langrova I. , Válek P. , Vadlejch J. , Čadková Z.
Published: April 2012

According to the newest data (2010), the state of the black grouse is in decline in the Czech Republic. One of the reasons for this decline is the parasitic infection. The examination of 170 faecal specimens disclosed 6 species of parasites. Helminth eggs were found in 50 % of the examined faecal specimens. The following eggs were found: cestode Hymenolepis spp. (28 %), with the highest prevalence (84 %) and mean intensity (1076 EPG) in spring; nematodes Trichostrongylus tenuis (24 %), and Ascaridia compar (3 %) with a mean intensity of 11 and 12 EPG, respectively. Coccidia infections were present in 1 % of faecal specimens only in spring, with an intensity of 35 OPG. However, in the following year, Eimeria lyruri was the most abundant parasite in the faecal specimens. During the second year of our research, the prevalence of E. lyruri was 28 %; the highest prevalence (67 %) was in summer with an intensity of up to 9433 OPG.
Contact blepharoconjunctivitis due to black henna — A case report
Authors: Pas-Wyroślak Alicja , Wiszniewska Marta , Kręcisz Beata , Świerczyńska-Machura Dominika , Pałczyński Cezary , Walusiak-Skorupa Jolanta
Published: April 2012

Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) can induce immediate or — more often — delayed hypersensitivity. We report the case of 48-year old female admitted to the out-patient allergy clinic a day after her visit in a beauty parlour, where she had her eyelashes and eyebrows dyed with henna. Physical examination revealed prominent edema of the upper part of the face including forehead, cheeks and eyes causing severe narrowing of the palpebral chink. Skin prick tests (SPT) with common allergens were positive for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae and moulds, while the SPT with PPD was negative. Patch test to PPD was positive. Further investigations revealed eosinophilia in the tear fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first case of PPD-induced contact blepharoconjunctivitis (CB) with concomitant increased eosinophilia in the tear fluid.
A facile fabrication of Cu2O nanowire arrays on Cu substrates
Authors: Xu Zhichuan , Bi Zhuanfang , Shen Chengmin
Published: April 2012

Nanomaterials play an important role in modern science and engineering. The ability to fabricate nanomaterials with high quality and low cost is a primary stage for further discovering their applications. This research article presents a facile fabrication of Cu2O nanowires on Cu substrate. It was found that simply heating Cu in air leads to the growth of Cu2O nanowires. The Cu2O nanowires are aligned in one direction and vertically grown on the Cu substrate. The growth process of nanowires was tracked by SEM and the root at the initial stage was observed by HRTEM. The access to oxygen is critical to the growth of Cu2O nanowires and the patterned nanowire arrays can be readily fabricated by using a mask. The method reported here offers a great potential route toward a large scale manufacture of Cu2O nanowires.
Involuntary discharge from medication-assisted treatment for people with heroin addiction – patients’ experiences and interpretations
Authors: Svensson Bengt , Andersson Magnus
Published: April 2012

Aims

To examine what happens to patients who have been involuntarily discharged from medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with methadone or buprenorphine in Malmö, Sweden.

Material And Method

A total of 35 people, with a long history of heroin addiction, were interviewed, including ten women. Most interviewees were recruited among visitors with discharge experiences at the local needle exchange programme. The article focuses on these informants’ experiences and interpretations of being discharged.

Results

Discharge had little legitimacy and was perceived as unfair. Several of the interviewees went back to heroin abuse while others tried to create their own maintenance programmes by buying methadone or buprenorphine on the black market. Many resorted to crime or prostitution to make ends meet.

Conclusions

According to National Board of Health and Welfare regulations, discharge and a three-month exclusion from all MAT is an appropriate response to violation of rules. Exclusion nevertheless led to harsh consequences. The interviewees’ living conditions were consistently impaired, as were their physical and mental health and contacts with family members, since they soon returned to a lifestyle and drug abuse similar to that before treatment.
A Global Microarray Expression Profile of Grapevine miRNAs Isolated from Cell Suspensions Pre-Treated with Apoptosis Activators
Authors: Repka Vladimír , Čarná Mária
Published: April 2012

A Global Microarray Expression Profile of Grapevine miRNAs Isolated from Cell Suspensions Pre-Treated with Apoptosis Activators

In an attempt to identify novel and apoptosis/pathogen-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs, we performed a robust microarray screening of small RNA population from Vitis vinifera L. cv. Limberger cell suspension exposed to apoptosis activators (e.g. methyl jasmonate) or elicitors (botrycin and cinerein) derived from necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. et Fries. Using a microarray expression profiling approach, we identified 22 miRNAs. We found that a majority of these miRNAs were predicted to target stress/defense-related genes of plants. Of the 22 V. vinifera miRNAs, 11 have sequence conservation in Arabidopsis thaliana but exhibited species-specific developmental and/or stress/defense-related expression patterns. Ten of the miRNAs are highly conserved in other plant species, suggesting that even conserved miRNAs may have different regulatory roles in various species. Our results show that these grapevine miRNAs can be also induced by various apoptosis inducers. Fifty-one potential targets were predicted to the newly identified miRNAs based on sequence complementarity. In addition to miRNAs, we identified 102 other novel endogenous small RNAs in Vitis, indicating that a large number of miRNAs and other small regulatory RNAs are encoded by the Vitis vinifera genome.
Standardizing Foot-Type Classification Using Arch Index Values
Authors: Wong Christopher Kevin , Weil Rich , de Boer Emily
Published: April 2012

Purpose: The lack of a reliable classification standard for foot type makes drawing conclusions from existing research and clinical decisions difficult, since different foot types may move and respond to treatment differently. The purpose of this study was to determine interrater agreement for foot-type classification based on photo-box-derived arch index values. Method: For this correlational study with two raters, a sample of 11 healthy volunteers with normal to obese body mass indices was recruited from both a community weight-loss programme and a programme in physical therapy. Arch index was calculated using AutoCAD software from footprint photographs obtained via mirrored photo-box. Classification as high-arched, normal, or low-arched foot type was based on arch index values. Reliability of the arch index was determined with intra-class correlations; agreement on foot-type classification was determined using quadratic weighted kappa (κw). Results: Average arch index was 0.215 for one tester and 0.219 for the second tester, with an overall range of 0.017 to 0.370. Both testers classified 6 feet as low-arched, 9 feet as normal, and 7 feet as high-arched. Interrater reliability for the arch index was ICC=0.90; interrater agreement for foot-type classification was κw=0.923. Conclusions: Classification of foot type based on arch index values derived from plantar footprint photographs obtained via mirrored photo-box showed excellent reliability in people with varying BMI. Foot-type classification may help clinicians and researchers subdivide sample populations to better differentiate mobility, gait, or treatment effects among foot types.
Why Did You Choose This Pet?: Adopters and Pet Selection Preferences in Five Animal Shelters in the United States
Authors: Weiss Emily , Miller Katherine , Mohan-Gibbons Heather , Vela Carla
Published: April 2012

Responses from an adopter survey (n = 1,491) determined reasons for pet selection, type of information received by the adopter, and the context in which the animal’s behavior was observed. Appearance of the animal, social behavior with adopter, and personality were the top reasons for adoption across species and age groups. Most adopters stated that information about the animal from a staff member or volunteer was more important than information on cage cards, and health and behavior information was particularly important. Adopters found greater importance in interacting with the animal rather than viewing it in its kennel. The results of this study can be used by shelters to create better adoption matches, prioritize shelter resources and staff training, and potentially increase adoptions. Additionally, some simple training techniques are suggested to facilitate adopter-friendly behaviors from sheltered dogs and cats.
Magnetic Nanoparticles Aggregation in Magnetic Gel Studied by Electron Magnetic Resonance (EMR)
Authors: Sorokina Olga N. , Kovarski Alexander L. , Lagutina Marina A. , Dubrovskii Sergey A. , Dzheparov Fridrikh S.
Published: April 2012

Aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles immobilized in polymer gels was studied by ferromagnetic resonance and paramagnetic sensor techniques. Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of magnetic gels prepared in the presence of external magnetic field of 1.5 kG were compared to the spectra of gels synthesized in the absence of a magnetic field. Application of a magnetic field led to formation of linear aggregates of magnetic particles in the polymer matrix. The aggregates did not come apart after the field was switched off. The fraction of aggregated particles (of 62(6)%) and aspect ratio (elongation) of the aggregates (12.6(1.3)) was determined using paramagnetic sensor technique.
Comparative Experimental Analysis of the Thermal Performance of Evacuated Tube Solar Water Heater Systems With and Without a Mini-Compound Parabolic Concentrating (CPC) Reflector(C < 1)
Authors: Pei Gang , Li Guiqiang , Zhou Xi , Ji Jie , Su Yuehong
Published: April 2012

Evacuated tube solar water heater systems are widely used in China due to their high thermal efficiency, simple construction requirements, and low manufacturing costs. CPC evacuated tube solar water heaters with a geometrical concentration ratio C of less than one are rare. A comparison of the experimental rig of evacuated tube solar water heater systems with and without a mini-CPC reflector was set up, with a series of experiments done in Hefei (31°53'N, 117°15'E), China. The first and second laws of thermodynamics were used to analyze and contrast their thermal performance. The water in the tank was heated from 26.9 to 55, 65, 75, 85, and 95 °C. Two types of solar water heater systems were used, and the data gathered for two days were compared. The results show that when attaining low temperature water, the evacuated tube solar water heater system without a mini-CPC reflector has higher thermal and exergy efficiencies than the system with a mini-CPC reflector, including the average and immediate values. On the other hand, when attaining high temperature water, the system with a mini-CPC reflector has higher thermal and exergy efficiencies than the other one. The comparison presents the advantages of evacuated tube solar water heater systems with and without a mini-CPC reflector, which can be offered as a reference when choosing which solar water system to use for actual applications.
High Genetic Diversity and Low Differentiation of Michelia coriacea (Magnoliaceae), a Critically Endangered Endemic in Southeast Yunnan, China
Authors: Zhao Xingfeng , Ma Yongpeng , Sun Weibang , Wen Xiangying , Milne Richard
Published: April 2012

Michelia coriacea, a critically endangered tree, has a restricted and fragmented distribution in Southeast Yunnan Province, China. The genetic diversity, genetic structure and gene flow in the three extant populations of this species were detected by 10 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers and 11 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Examination of genetic diversity revealed that the species maintained a relatively high level of genetic diversity at the species level (percentage of polymorphic bands) PPB = 96.36% from ISSRs; PPL (percentage of polymorphic loci) = 95.56% from SSRs, despite several fragmental populations. Low levels of genetic differentiation among the populations of M. coriacea were detected by Nei’s Gst = 0.187 for ISSR and Wright’s Fst = 0.090 for SSR markers, which is further confirmed by Bayesian model-based STRUCTURE and PCoA analysis that could not reveal a clear separation between populations, although YKP was differentiated to other two populations by ISSR markers. Meanwhile, AMOVA analysis also indicated that 22.84% and 13.90% of genetic variation existed among populations for ISSRs and SSRs, respectively. The high level of genetic diversity, low genetic differentiation, and the population, structure imply that the fragmented habitat and the isolated population of M. coriacea may be due to recent over-exploitation. Conservation and management of M. coriacea should concentrate on maintaining the high level of genetic variability through both in and ex-situ conservation actions.
Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Dendrocalamus membranaceus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a Declining Bamboo Species in Yunnan, China, as Based on Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Analysis
Authors: Yang Han-Qi , An Man-Yun , Gu Zhi-Jia , Tian Bo
Published: April 2012

Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro is a woody bamboo with a high economic and ecological value that often occurs as natural stands, such as in the large-scale forested areas of China’s Yunnan Province. Due to its overexploitation, the habitat of D. membranaceus in Yunnan has been dramatically reduced, and the quality of the stands has declined. As a preliminary analysis in considering the effective protection for these germplasm resources, we assessed the genetic diversity of 12 natural populations in Yunnan, using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. From 10 ISSR primers, we generated 155 bands, of which 153 were polymorphic (98.71%). Compared with other species in the genus, this species demonstrated a greater genetic diversity (S = 0.349) and lower genetic differentiation (GST = 0.252). Our analysis of molecular variance revealed that the genetic differentiation among the populations is significant. A large proportion of the genetic variation (78.95%) resides among the individuals within populations, whereas only 21.05% are found among populations. Mantel tests indicated no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances among the populations. Given the low sexual reproducibility and characteristics of monocarpic plants, we recommend implementing in situ conservation measures for all of the D. membranaceus populations in Yunnan and collecting sufficient samples for ex situ conservation. Furthermore, the conservation area should be extended to its main natural habitats, the Lancang-Mekong River Valley.
Biochemistry of Bacterial Multidrug Efflux Pumps
Authors: Kumar Sanath , Varela Manuel F.
Published: April 2012

Bacterial pathogens that are multi-drug resistant compromise the effectiveness of treatment when they are the causative agents of infectious disease. These multi-drug resistance mechanisms allow bacteria to survive in the presence of clinically useful antimicrobial agents, thus reducing the efficacy of chemotherapy towards infectious disease. Importantly, active multi-drug efflux is a major mechanism for bacterial pathogen drug resistance. Therefore, because of their overwhelming presence in bacterial pathogens, these active multi-drug efflux mechanisms remain a major area of intense study, so that ultimately measures may be discovered to inhibit these active multi-drug efflux pumps.
Long-Period Fiber Grating Sensors for the Measurement of Liquid Level and Fluid-Flow Velocity
Authors: Wang Jian-Neng , Luo Ching-Ying
Published: April 2012

This paper presents the development and assessment of two types of Long Period Fiber Grating (LPFG)-based sensors including a mobile liquid level sensor and a reflective sensor for the measurement of liquid level and fluid-flow velocity. Shewhart control charts were used to assess the liquid level sensing capacity and reliability of the mobile CO2-laser engraved LPFG sensor. There were ten groups of different liquid level experiment and each group underwent ten repeated wavelength shift measurements. The results showed that all measurands were within the control limits; thus, this mobile sensor was reliable and exhibited at least 100-cm liquid level measurement capacity. In addition, a reflective sensor consisting of five LPFGs in series with a reflective end has been developed to evaluate the liquid level and fluid-flow velocity. These five LPFGs were fabricated by the electrical arc discharge method and the reflective end was coated with silver by Tollen’s test. After each liquid level experiment was performed five times, the average values of the resonance wavelength shifts for LPFG Nos. 1–5 were in the range of 1.35–9.14 nm. The experimental findings showed that the reflective sensor could be used to automatically monitor five fixed liquid levels. This reflective sensor also exhibited at least 100-cm liquid level measurement capacity. The mechanism of the fluid-flow velocity sensor was based on analyzing the relationship among the optical power, time, and the LPFG’s length. There were two types of fluid-flow velocity measurements: inflow and drainage processes. The differences between the LPFG-based fluid-flow velocities and the measured average fluid-flow velocities were found in the range of 8.7–12.6%. For the first time to our knowledge, we have demonstrated the feasibility of liquid level and fluid-flow velocity sensing with a reflective LPFG-based sensor without modifying LPFGs or coating chemical compounds.
Branching out at C-2 of septanosides. Synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-C-alkyl/aryl septanosides from a bromo-oxepine
Authors: Dey Supriya , Jayaraman Narayanaswamy
Published: April 2012

This paper deals with the synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-C-alkyl/aryl septanosides. A range of such septanoside derivatives was synthesized by using a common bromo-oxepine intermediate, involving C–C bond forming organometallic reactions. Unsaturated, seven-membered septanoside vinyl bromides or bromo-oxepines, obtained through a ring expansion methodology of the cyclopropane derivatives of oxyglycals, displayed a good reactivity towards several acceptor moieties in C–C bond forming Heck, Suzuki and Sonogashira coupling reactions, thus affording 2-deoxy-2-C-alkyl/aryl septanosides. Whereas Heck and Sonogashira coupling reactions afforded 2-deoxy-2-C-alkenyl and -alkynyl derivatives, respectively, the Suzuki reaction afforded 2-deoxy-2-C-aryl septanosides. Deprotection and reduction of the 2-deoxy-2-alkenyl derivative afforded the corresponding 2-deoxy-2-C-alkyl septanoside free of protecting groups. The present study illustrates the reactivity of bromo-oxepine in the synthesis of hitherto unknown septanosides, branching out at C-2, through C–C bond formation with alkyl and aryl substituents.
ADDRESSING SERVICE QUALITY ISSUES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT EVALUATION FROM THE STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Stukalina Yulia
Published: April 2012

Concern about the quality of higher education is on the rise in Europe. To provide quality enhancement of the educational environment higher education institutions should create and implement a strategy for their higher school improvement - a long-term action plan aimed at achieving organisational goals, which includes a) the management of the organisational units as interconnected and interdependent entities; b) the engagement of students in quality assurance activities as enthusiastic and responsible academic community members. This paper discusses the importance of using regular educational environment evaluation, which involves students' indirect participation in decision-making, as one of the most essential quality assurance activities associated with higher school improvement. It also emphasizes the significance of measuring student satisfaction in education, student satisfaction and student motivation being the result of student interactions with the educational environment in the form of students' perceptions of the educational services.
INFLUENCE OF LIPSCHITZ BOUNDS ON THE SPEED OF GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Paulavičius Remigijus , Žilinskas Julius
Published: April 2012

Global optimization methods based on Lipschitz bounds have been analyzed and applied widely to solve various optimization problems. In this paper a bound for Lipschitz function is proposed, which is computed using function values at the vertices of a simplex and the radius of the circumscribed sphere. The efficiency of a branch and bound algorithm with proposed bound and combinations of bounds is evaluated experimentally while solving a number of multidimensional test problems for global optimization. The influence of different bounds on the performance of a branch and bound algorithm has been investigated.
MULTI-OBJECTIVE STOCHASTIC SIMULATION-BASED OPTIMISATION APPLIED TO SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING
Authors: Napalkova Liana , Merkuryeva Galina
Published: April 2012

The paper discusses the optimisation of complex management processes, which allows the reduction of investment costs by setting the optimal balance between product demand and supply. The systematisation of existing methods and algorithms that are used to optimise complex processes by linking stochastic discrete-event simulation and multi-objective optimisation is given. The two-phase optimisation method is developed based on hybrid combination of compromise programming, evolutionary computation and response surface-based methods. Approbation of the proposed method is performed on the multi-echelon supply chain planning problem that is widely distributed in industry and its solution plays a vital role in increasing the competitiveness of a company. Three scenarios are implemented to optimise supply chain tactical planning processes at the chemical manufacturing company based on using different optimisation methods and software. The numerical results prove the competitive advantages of the developed two-phase optimisation method.
Métodos de análisis proscrítico de vigas metálicas de alma llena según el Eurocódigo 3/84
Authors: Ortiz Herrera Jesús , Sancho Aznal José Mª
Published: April 2012

El presente artículo expone el estado actual de los principales métodos de comprobación del estado límite de pandeo local de las vigas metálicas de alma llena, actualmente disponibles para su aplicación en fase de proyecto.
Se efectúa un estudio comparado de los métodos propuestos al respecto por diversas normas y recomendaciones, tomando como referencia principal la actual redacción del Eurocódigo número 3, "Reglas unificadas comunes para las construcciones de acero" (referencia 1, 1984). De entre los diversos métodos prácticos disponibles, los autores recomiendan el método de la sección eficaz, por considerar que dicho método logra el máximo aprovechamiento del material y permite, a la vez, expresiones simplificadas de uso sencillo para las secciones doble T. Y, de entre los diversos métodos basados en el concepto de sección eficaz, se efectúa, asimismo, una comparación y propuesta selectiva.
La optimización de las secciones de cantos considerables requiere forzar la esbeltez de las almas, y en este campo los métodos de análisis poscrítico brindan la posibilidad de reducir al mínimo las exigencias de rigidización, con las consiguientes ventajas económicas y constructivas. No obstante, ello requiere por parte del Proyectista un conocimiento adecuado de estos métodos, y un mayor esfuerzo de cálculo que el exigido por las secciones denominadas "semicompactas", a las que también se pasa revista en el presente artículo.
Construcción de un radiofaro (DVOR/DME) para la navegación aérea en Arta, Mallorca, España
Authors: Duque Renilla Miguel Ángel , Ceballos Díaz Carlos , Ríos Berrazueta Víctor , De Casas Luis , Ruiz de la Torre Antonio
Published: April 2012

Un radiofaro es sencillamente un punto de referencia, que mediante la emisión de señales eléctricas, sitúa y ayuda a la navegación aérea, principalmente en su orientación hacia los aeropuertos.
Para ello, se requiere la construcción de una plataforma circular de 40 metros de diámetro, que se sitúa generalmente en cimas de montaña o puntos suficientemente despejados de interferencias.
En este artículo se describe el radiofaro recientemente construido en Arta, extremo Noreste de la isla de Mallorca, por Dragados y Construcciones S. A. haciendo especial desarrollo de los aspectos más representativos de la construcción de la obra, como son la ejecución de la estructura de hormigón y el montaje de la estructura metálica, dadas las características tan singulares, en cuanto a forma y dimensiones, de la misma.
La agresividad ambiental y la durabilidad de las estructuras de hormigón
Authors: Perepérez Ventura B. , Barbera Ortega E. , Andrade Carmen
Published: April 2012

El deterioro de las estructuras de hormigón es el resultado de la interacción entre ellas y el medio ambiente. En el presente trabajo se comentan los factores ambientales más determinantes y sus interacciones, con especial referencia a la corrosión de las armaduras, así como diferentes propuestas de clasificación de la agresividad.
Diseño de estructuras de pisos en hormigón armado: parámetros y costes
Authors: Aroca R. , Cervera J.
Published: April 2012

Una estructura de hormigón armado puede cumplir los requerimientos de estabilidad, resistencia y deformación con una cierta flexibilidad de sus diferentes dimensiones geométricas. En algunos edificios, las distancias entre soportes o muros en una o las dos direcciones admiten diferentes valores compatibles con el diseño arquitectónico.
Para adoptar las decisiones que definan por completo la estructura tenemos que acudir al coste que implican. Una teoría del diseño estructural debe buscar los parámetros en juego, estudiar la influencia de sus valores en el coste de la estructura y, de este modo, dar criterios para su elección en los diferentes casos que se presenten.
A modo de preámbulo
Authors: De Castro López-Villarino Fernando
Published: April 2012

No disponible
El proceso conservador
Authors: Perea Andrés
Published: April 2012

No disponible
Sonido
Authors: Recuero Manuel
Published: April 2012

No disponible
Los hormigones con polímeros en la construcción: propiedades y aplicaciones
Authors: Aguado A. , Salla J. M.
Published: April 2012

Las resinas en la construcción son conocidas desde hace años si bien aún hoy en día resultan poco comprendidas para el usuario. Esto se hace aún más patente en los hormigones con resinas, en las que éstas son un material constituyente más del hormigón.
El presente artículo tiene por objeto mostrar los tipos de hormigones con resinas existentes en el campo de la construcción señalando las propiedades que le confieren unas ventajas frente a determinados tipos de aplicaciones (reparaciones, prefabricados, otras). Con este artículo se pretende, de forma sucinta, facilitar al técnico la comprensión de estos materiales así como mostrarle los campos idóneos de aplicación donde son competitivos.
La estereotomía como fundamento constructivo del Renacimiento español
Authors: Palacio González José Carlos
Published: April 2012

Es en el Renacimiento cuando la estereotomía cobra su máxima dimensión, una de las técnicas más asombrosas de la construcción. En este artículo se hace una breve exposición de algunas de las pautas fundamentales que nos permitan acercarnos a una interpretación del arte de la cantería tal y como fuera conocido en el siglo XVI.
Al acercarnos al Renacimiento español conviene, en primer lugar, llamar la atención sobre dos puntos de gran interés:
— la construcción, durante el mismo, y
— los tratados del arte de la cantería a través de los siglos.
Elementos de garantía de calidad en construcción
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Luis
Published: April 2012

La Garantía de Calidad en la construcción ya está aplicándose en nuestro país en el diseño, construcción y explotación de centrales nucleares, y está comenzando a implantarse, o querer implantarse, en obras de menor entidad más convencionales. Su consideración va en aumento, y se crea la necesidad de estudiarla en profundidad analizando los factores que van a permitir establecerla. Estos factores son los elementos de Garantía de Calidad.
Este artículo pretende ser una guía en cuanto a las publicaciones existentes más importantes relacionadas con la Garantía de Calidad (G.C.). En él se exponen los conceptos más relevantes en relación con la G.C. de forma breve y esquemática, dando una visión intuitiva y amplia del asunto. El aspecto capital de todo el escrito son los elementos de G.C., que se definen de forma general y se analizan por separado. Entre ellos merece especial mención el factor humano, que está empezando a tenerse en cuenta en los procesos productivos, pues diversos y continuos estudios están demostrando que la mayoría de los fallos que se producen en la construcción se deben a errores humanos más o menos "groseros".
Población, urbanización y equilibrio espacial
Authors: Ramachandran Arcot
Published: April 2012

No disponible
Conferencia de clausura del MTEC
Authors: Biau Daniel
Published: April 2012

No disponible
De la resistencia a fuego en los edificios
Authors: De Miguel Rodríguez José Luis
Published: April 2012

Se presenta una introducción al fenómeno del fuego, y las variables que definen su severidad, tanto desde el punto de vista del edificio, como del espacio en el que se desarrolla y de los materiales constitutivos de los elementos críticos a fuego: los de sectorización y la estructura. Se define solicitación a fuego y resistencia a fuego. Tras una descripción del modelo de análisis y de las opciones aconsejables en los tipos más frecuentes de edificios, se cuestiona tanto el método de adoptar como significativo un valor de solicitación independientemente del material, como el denominado de tiempo equivalente, que expresa la solicitación en términos de tiempo de la curva normalizada de ensayo, aunque se estima mejor enfocado el segundo, apuntándose mejoras que se podrían introducir para eliminar algunos de sus inconvenientes.
Por una arquitectura apropiada y apropiable
Authors: González Lobo C.
Published: April 2012

Se exponen en el presente artículo ideas y métodos de construcción que pueden ser fácilmente aplicables en los países en vías de desarrollo. Se realiza una pormenorizada exposición de distintos sistemas de autoconstrucción de cubiertas que resuelven algunos de los problemas más frecuentes en las viviendas.
Diseño óptimo de pórticos formados por perfiles laminados rectos de sección constante
Authors: Quintas Ripoll Valentín
Published: April 2012

En este artículo se obtienen las formas que dan el mínimo material para estructuras formadas por vigas rectas metálicas de sección constante, bajo una carga uniforme. Las variables de forma que se pueden manejar son, para este caso, la esbeltez —relación entre luz y canto— y la relación entre luces. Dado que el mínimo de material se obtiene dimensionando las vigas con criterio plástico, el objeto final del diseño mínimo es definir con qué valores de las variables citadas puede dimensionarse con criterio plástico, sin que haya un sobredimensionamiento por flecha.