bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural responses underlying extraordinary altruists’ generosity for socially distant others
Authors: Rhoads Shawn A , O'Connell Katherine , Berluti Kathryn , Ploe Montana Lorraine , Elizabeth Hannah S , Amormino Paige , Li Joanna , Dutton Mary Ann , VanMeter Ashley S. , Marsh Abigail
Published: June 2022

People typically sacrifice fewer resources for socially distant others than close others, a bias termed social discounting. But people who engage in extraordinary real-world altruism, such as altruistic kidney donors, show dramatically reduced social discounting. Why they do so is unclear. Some prior research suggests generosity toward strangers requires effortfully overcoming selfishness bias. Alternately, generosity for strangers could reflect genuinely valuing strangers’ welfare more. We tested both hypotheses in this pre-registered study. Extraordinary altruists and demographically matched controls completed a social discounting task during fMRI scanning. In addition, we tested whether an eight-week Metta meditation training would reduce social discounting in typical adults. During fMRI, participants (N=77) chose selfish or generous options benefiting others at varying social distances. Behavioral results replicated altruists’ reduced social discounting relative to controls. Neither behavioral nor imaging analyses yielded support for the possibility that extraordinary altruism reflects effortfully overcoming a selfishness bias. Instead, we identified group differences in a constellation of social brain regions, including amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate, in which activation reflects the subjective valuation of distant others’ welfare. We found no effects of Metta training on behavioral or neural responses. Our results indicate altruists are more generous to strangers because regions involved in social decision-making encode the subjective value of distant others’ welfare differently than controls. As a result, altruists genuinely value distant others’ welfare more. Interventions aimed at promoting generosity for distant others may succeed to the degree they can alter neural processes supporting the subjective valuation of distant others’ welfare.
Outcomes of the Anti-Corruption Movement: The Philippines' Anti-Corruption Movement in 2013 and the conflict inside and outside of the government
Authors: Senaha Eishi
Published: June 2022

This study looks at the anti-corruption movement’s outcome: creating a new conflict inside and outside of the government. The "2013 Anti-Corruption Movement" was a protest movement that began in the wake of a corruption scandal reported by a local newspaper and included online opinion pieces and protests by citizens calling for the ouster of corruption. Some of the movement's participants eventually called for the government to oust corruption by organizing the Million People March/MPM. The movement was mainly composed of the middle class, with nearly 100,000 people attending the protest rallies, as well as civilian groups, and leftist political organizations, both extreme and moderate. Prior studies and various news media outlets praised the protest events for their success in mobilizing a large and diverse population. However, the appearance of the MPM created a new conflict inside the 2013 anti-corruption movement and in the Liberal administration‘s coalition based on whether to criticize the president, which has been overlooked. Therefore, this study will analyze the original dataset of interview data and article materials to determine what kind of new conflict it was and show how should we understand this conflict.
Analysis of the nagnetic properties of core-shell iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Cholico Hernández Francisco Apolinar , Hernández Sámano Alfonso , Castañeda Priego Ramón , Ávila Paz José , Quintero Hernández Luis Héctor , Cano González Mario Eduardo
Published: June 2022

We report on the magnetization of core-shells nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles with a core of magnetite of 13 nm diameter covered with a shell of dopamine (1.1 nm thickness) are studied through vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Monte Carlo (MC) computer simulations, and analytical equations. All parameters involved in the theoretical analysis are experimentally determined, namely, the magnetic moment, temperature, magnetic field, core diameter, shell thickness, magnetic anisotropy, and particle concentration. The dependence of the magnetization with the magnetic field obtained through VSM and MC shows a 1% discrepancy in the magnetic saturation and up to 40% in the initial magnetic susceptibility. However, the dependence of the magnetization with the temperature obtained by MC indicates that the MNPs obey the Curie law above a critical temperature of 100 K, and dipolar interactions play an important role in the interval 20 < T < 100 K. That critical temperature is very close to the blocking temperature measured following the zero-field-cooled and zero-cooled protocols, where the dipolar interactions between MNPs become significant. Further analysis shows a Langevin-like behavior for both experimental and theoretical magnetizations.
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia may exacerbate certain underlying chronic liver diseases
Authors: Dascal Roman , Uhanova Julia , Minuk Gerald Y
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Negative correlations have been described between elevated serum unconjugated bilirubin levels and the prevalence/severity of various chronic inflammatory conditions. Whether a similar association exists for patients with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (UCB) and underlying chronic liver diseases (CLD) has yet to be reported. The aim of this study was to document hepatic necro-inflammatory disease activity and fibrosis in CLD patients with and without UCB and otherwise normal liver function tests (albumin and INR). METHODS: Necro-inflammatory disease activity was assessed by serum aminotransferase levels and fibrosis by APRI and FIB-4 calculations. UCB patients were matched 1:2 by age, gender and underlying CLD to patients with normal bilirubin levels. RESULTS: From a database of 9,745 CLD patients, 208 (2.1%) had UCB and 399 served as matched controls. Overall, UCB patients had significantly higher serum aminotransferase levels, APRI and FIB-4 scores. The differences were driven by patients with underlying chronic viral or immune mediated liver disorders rather than non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol related liver disease, or ‘other’ CLDs. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest UCB is associated with increased rather than decreased hepatic necro-inflammatory disease activity and fibrosis in patients with certain CLDs.
Post-transplant diabetes mellitus in Canadian liver and renal transplant recipients
Authors: Dascal Roman , Wiebe Chris , Niazi Mina , Worobetz Lawrence , Bhanji Rahima A , Knowles Cori , Uhanova Julia , Peretz David , Faisal Nabiha , Minuk Gerald Y
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) occurs in 10%–40% of liver and renal transplant recipients. Whether the risk factors for PTDM in liver and renal transplant recipients are similar and whether Indigenous Canadians, who have a high underlying prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), are at increased risk of developing PTDM have yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare those variables associated with PTDM in adult Canadian liver and renal transplant recipients. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of adult liver and renal transplant recipients attending four transplant follow-up clinics in three Canadian provinces was undertaken. RESULTS: De novo PTDM was diagnosed in 184/905 (20.3%) of liver and 179/390 (45.9%) of renal transplant recipients. Older age, higher pre-transplant BMI, underlying immune-mediated liver disease, lower trough tacrolimus levels and longer duration of follow-up were independently associated with PTDM in liver transplant recipients and non-Caucasian race, higher pre-transplant body mass index (BMI), and incidence of organ rejection in renal transplant recipients. Compared with Caucasians, Indigenous Canadians who had undergone renal transplantation had a significantly increased prevalence of PTDM (56.5% vs 40.0%, p = 0.035). The prevalence of PTDM in liver transplant recipients was similar in Indigenous Canadians and Caucasians (27.9% vs 20.1%, p = 0.215). CONCLUSIONS: The variables associated with PTDM differ in liver and renal transplant recipients. Compared with Caucasians, Indigenous Canadians undergoing renal transplantation are at increased risk of developing PTDM.
DENETÇİ NİTELİKLERİNİN BAĞIMSIZ DENETİM KALİTESİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ: HATAY İLİNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KESTANE Ali
Published: June 2022

Yakın tarihte meydana gelen denetim skandalları, denetim mesleğinin ve denetçilerin ülkelerin ekonomisi üzerindeki sahip oldukları niteliklerini öne çıkarmıştır. Yaşanan ekonomik krizlerin arkasında denetim faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan zafiyetlerin olması denetçilerin önemini göstermiş ve denetim faaliyetlerinin kalitesi merak uyandırmıştır. Özellikle bağımsız denetçilerin gerçekleştirilen denetim faaliyetlerine ilişkin sağladıkları güvence vazgeçilmez bir nitelik kazanmıştır. Denetim tekniklerinin uygulanma biçimlerinde de değişim meydana gelmiş ve teknolojiye bağlı olarak yeni riskler ortaya çıkmıştır. Denetim faaliyetlerinin doğasında meydana gelen değişim karşısında denetçilerin sahip oldukları nitelikler sorgulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de 2020 yılında Hatay ilinde faaliyette bulunan bağımsız denetçilerin niteliklerinin, denetim faaliyetlerinin kalitesi üzerinde ki etkisinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, anket yardımı ile ulaşılan veriler, “Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0” programı aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; denetçilerin özellikle etik anlayış, mesleki yeterlilik ve deneyim sürelerinin denetim kalitesi üzerinde, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etki oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir.
État des lieux des législations sur l’aide active à mourir dans le monde au 31 janvier 2022
Authors: Galmiche P. , Dauchy S.
Published: June 2022

Au 31 janvier 2022, dix pays ont légiféré en faveur de l’aide active à mourir au terme de débats politiques, éthiques et sociaux. Cet article reprend le parcours législatif de ces pays (Suisse, États-Unis, Pays-Bas, Belgique, Luxembourg, Canada, Australie, Nouvelle-Zélande, Espagne et Autriche) et décrit les conditions prescrites par chaque loi pour encadrer et contrôler la pratique de l’euthanasie ou du suicide assisté. L’objectif est de mettre en lumière les arguments indispensables à la mise en place et à la mise en œuvre d’une loi ainsi que les critères d’éligibilité et garde-fous communs, avec une attention particulière portée aux critères relatifs à la maladie psychiatrique.
The Discursive Context of Forest in Land Use Documents
Authors: Asselin Jodie , Asselin Gabriel , Egli Flavia
Published: June 2022

The term forest can signify many different physical realities. However, discourse analysis of Irish National and European Union forestry-related documents indicates ambiguity around this term is often cultivated rather than clarified. We argue here that policy language often embraces the multiple potential affordances within the term forest as a means of discursively bridging contradictions between economic and conservation goals. While this technique increases the readability and acceptability of such documents by diverse user groups and government bodies, it mutes the on-the-ground tensions of what forests mean for locals. Moreover, cultivating ambiguity favors the status quo through circumventing points of contradiction and shifting the work of interpretation and application of such documents to those on-the-ground, therefore perpetuating existing power differentials. As forests are central to resource management and responses to climate change, addressing this tendency is crucial to finding meaningful and place-specific environmental solutions.
Forecasting Financial Valuation Comparing ARIMA and Prophet
Authors: Tchoudi William , Sergeenko Grigory
Published: June 2022

In this study, we limit the forecasting period to one year since the same method is applicable to more than one year. The reason for that is the only five-year historic data we have for Discount Cash Flow (DCF) and six years for Price Earning (P/E) and Price to Sale (P/S) valuation. We use a time series approach for comparison, so we use the last given year, which is 2018, for comparison with the predicted value based on all previous years. So, in this study, we compare the predicted 2018 year Using ARIMA and Prophet Methods with the real 2018 year. Some steps were taken to make forecasting and rebuild time series and apply forecasting methodologies. The errors between real data and the forecasted data for both methods shown almost similar results.
Мовна культура особистості: психолого˗педагогічні засади вивчення і формування
Authors: Лауткіна Світлана Володимирівна
Published: June 2022

У статті представлені результати вивчення мовної культури особистості як психологічного феномена. Описано функції, структурно-змістовні і операціональні характеристики даного явища. Досліджено особливості мовної культури дітей молодшого шкільного віку з мовними порушеннями і нормальним мовним розвитком. Виявлено залежність між  формованістю компонентів мовної культури і успішністю з предметів мовного циклу. Отримані дані можуть використовуватися педагогами і психологами з метою прогнозування схильності до низької мовної культури.
Сутність і змістовна характеристика самореалізації особистості
Authors: Пінська Олена Леонідівна
Published: June 2022

У статті проаналізовано сутність дефініції «самореалізація», розглянуто взаємозв’язок і взаємообумовленність її діяльнісно-цільових, ціннісно-смислових, мотиваційно-потребнісних і оціночно-рефлексивних змістовних характеристик. Акцентовано увагу на структурно-функціональних компонентах самореалізації.
Психологічні особливості тривожності в юнацькому віці
Authors: Філоненко Ю.
Published: June 2022

Стаття присвячена проблемі тривожності в юнацькому віці. Визначено та проаналізовано деякі психологічні детермінанти тривожності юнаків. Представлено результати діагностичного експерименту по виявленню рівня реактивної та особистісної тривожності юнаків.
Розвиток креативного мислення майбутнього педагога як передумова результативної діяльності
Authors: Макаренко Наталя Миколаївна
Published: June 2022

У статті обґрунтовано необхідність розвитку креативного мислення майбутніх працівників сфери освіти як передумови результативної діяльності щодо самоудосконаленню та розвитку компетенцій. Представлено результати діагностики критеріїв креативного мислення (швидкості, гнучкості, оригінальності, розробленості). Визначено рівень розвитку майбутньої професійної діяльності (рецептурний, алгоритмічний, копіювальний). Обгрунтовано необхідность впровадження інноваційних форм навчання.
Рольова позиція особистості сучасного студента-психолога
Authors: Мерва Ірина Святославівна
Published: June 2022

У статі йде мова про рольові позиції особистості сучасно студента психолога. Визначені основні положення щодо теорій та охарактеризовані особливості ролей в соціумі. Було проведено дослідження у виявлені актуальних ролей, та співставлення значущості особистісної та професійної сфери у сучасного студента-психолога.
Комунікативні здібності студента-філолога
Authors: Павлухіна M.O.
Published: June 2022

У статті охарактеризовано комунікативні здібності студента-філолога. Описаний досвід дослідників з даної теми. Проаналізовано психологічні особливості майбутніх студентів на основі експериментального дослідження, виявлено рівень комунікативних здібностей студентів-філологів на сучасному етапі.
Шкільна соціалізація учнів початкових класів як умова єдності навчання і виховання
Authors: Шевченко Олена Миколаївна
Published: June 2022

Стаття присвячена проблемі психолого˗педагогічного супроводу соціалізації молодших школярів у закладах освіти. Розглянуто основні компоненти шкільної соціалізації дітей. Визначено важливість адекватної соціалізації учнів початкової школи у формуванні ситуації успіху в навчанні та вихованні. Досліджено рівень виявлення шкільної тривожності молодшими школярами. Зроблено висновок про необхідність об’єднання зусиль сім’ї та школи у вирішенні задач соціалізації молодших школярів.
Особливості міжособистісних відносин підлітків з однолітками як умова їх особистісного розвитку
Authors: Васильєва А.В.
Published: June 2022

Дана стаття присвячена питанню міжособистісних відносин підлітків з однолітками. В ній представлено результати теоретичного аналізу та емпіричного дослідження особливостей міжособистісних відносин сучасних підлітків з однолітками як умови їх особистісного розвитку.
Особистісна поведінка матерів при їх взаємодії із дітьми
Authors: Сенько Тетяна Володимирівна
Published: June 2022

Стаття присвячена аналізу особистісної поведінки матерів при їх з взаємодії з дітьми – синами і доньками. Структура тексту стандартна – на початку надається вступ і короткий аналіз літератури із проблематики статті, потім описується план і методологія виконаного дослідження, далі наводяться результати якісного і кількісного аналізу отриманих емпіричних даних, їх обговорення та висновки. У вступі автор обґрунтовує актуальність проблеми дослідження. В аналізі літератури основна увага приділяється характеристиці поняття взаємодії матері з дітьми. Акцент ставиться на специфіці даної взаємодії в парах «мати-син» і «мати-донька». Метою дослідження є порівняльний аналіз форм особистісної поведінки матерів і їхніх дітей у перебігу взаємодії. В якості основного методу дослідження виступає авторський метод діагностики особистісної поведінки. У дослідженні брали участь 60 хлопчиків і 60 дівчат підліткового віку та їх матері. Статистичний аналіз форм особистісної поведінки в парах «мати-син» і «мати-донька» показав наявність значущого взаємозв’язку між формами особистісної поведінки матерів і їхніх дітей, як синів, так і дочок.
Проблема розвитку рефлексії в молодшому шкільному віці
Authors: Кириченко О.Ю.
Published: June 2022

Стаття присвячена проблемі розвитку рефлексії в молодшому шкільному віці, та аналізу факторів які на це впливають. Проаналізовано джерела з цієї теми, проведено діагностику рівня розвитку рефлексії в молодшому шкільному віці, графічно наведено результати діагностики, обґрунтовано та пояснено отримані результати на базі оброблених джерел.
City as a Model of the Universe of Afterlife's Space in Russian, Slavic and other Foreign Fantasy
Authors: Kovtun Elena N.
Published: June 2022

The publication is a part of the cycle of our research articles on the Russian and foreign fantasy of the 20th and 21st centuries with the focus on the literary image of the universe of afterlife as a specific locus where the post-mortem human being (the human soul) dwells. In this article we shall concentrate in a more detailed way on the specifics and the role of the urbanistic (and other) landscapes of the universe of afterlife.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGGUNAAN AKUN BELAJAR.ID DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN BUDI PEKERTI
Authors: Sejati Ariana Setyo , Zulfa Laila Ngindana
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe launch of a learning.id account which is expected to help learning activities, but in reality there are still many schools that do not activate a learning.id account and do not use the facility as well as possible. SMPN 1 Mranggen is one of the schools in Demak Regency where most of the educators, teaching staff and students have activated a learning.id account.The formulation of this research is to find out how the preparation, process and results of the Implementation of the Use of Learning Accounts. Id in Distance Learning in Islamic Religion and Moral Education Subjects at SMPN 1 Mranggen. The purpose of this study was to describe the preparation, process and results of the implementation of the Implementation of the Use of Learning Accounts. Id in Distance Learning in Islamic Religion and Character Education Subjects at SMPN 1 Mranggen. This research is a phenomenological qualitative research. The data in this study were obtained from observations, interviews, and documentation.The results of this study indicate that the application of learning accounts. en for distance learning in the subject of Islamic Religious Education and good manners in the subjects of Islamic Religious Education and manners at SMPN Mranggen are (1) the implementation of the learning.id account has been carried out at SMP N 1 Mranggen according to the plan. The plan begins by forming a special team that handles learning.id accounts, (2) In implementing distance learning on Islamic Religious Education subjects, educators and students have taken advantage of the features contained in the learning.id account, (3) Constraints The problem faced in implementing the learning.id account implementation for educators is the lack of mastery of knowledge about the use of information technology, while for students the obstacles are caused by a weak internet signal, limited internet quota, and student mastery in utilizing features. contained in the program. learning.id account and lack of student knowledge in changing settings on cellphones to change personal accounts to learning.id accounts.The conclusion from the research on the implementation of the use of learning.id accounts in distance learning in the subjects of Islamic Religious Education and Morals at SMPN 1 Mranggen shows that they have carried out learning activities by utilizing the learning.id account by using the google classroom, google meet, google form and google features. DriveKata Kunci: Implementation, belajar.Id, Distance Learning, PAI
POLITIK ENERGI RUSIA TERHADAP UNI EROPA MELALUI GAZPROM PADA TAHUN 2013-2015
Authors: Ismiyatun Ismiyatun , Cintia Ely
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTFrom a political point of view, energy is used as a tool in foreign policy in achieving domestic interests and becomes a top priority in the policy agenda. The European Union is a region that is highly dependent on Russian energy, especially natural gas. Gazprom sees the EU as a great opportunity to dominate the EU market and is a leading exporter in the European and world gas markets. This study aims to analyze how Gazprom runs its business by following the energy policy of Russia. This research data was collected through library research techniques. The theory used by the author is energy security and foreign policy in accordance with the current situation in Russia and the European Union. This study finds that the EU's dependence on Gazprom's natural gas is very large, Gazprom's abundant gas ownership and sanctions have made Gazprom diversify its export routes with other potential buyers- China.Keywords: Energy policy, dependency,  Energy security ABSTRAKArtikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi politik energi Rusia atas Uni Eropa melalaui Gazprom, sebagai salah satu perusahaan miliknya. memperlihatkan kekuatan energinya khususnya energi minyak dan gas alam. Dalam sudut pandang politik, energi dijadikan sebagai alat dalam kebijakan luar negeri dalam mencapai kepentingan dalam negeri suatu negara dan menjadi prioritas utama dalam agenda kebijakan. Teori yang digunakan penulis adalah energy security dan kebijakan luar negeri sesuai dengan keadaan yang sedang terjadi oleh Rusia dan Uni Eropa. Dalam penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketergantungan Uni Eropa pada gas alam Gazprom sangat besar, kepemilikan gas yang melimpah oleh Gazprom serta adanya sanksi membuat Gazprom mendiversifikasi rute ekspornya dengan pembeli potensial lainnya, yaitu Tingkok.  Kata kunci: Politik Energi, Ketergantungan,  Keamanan Energi
STRUCTURAL AMBIGUITY ON BBC NEWS INSTAGRAM POST
Authors: Elma Solihati  , Dadan Rusmana  , Erlan Aditya Ardiansyah
Published: June 2022

The arrangement of words in a grammatically correct sentence can sometimes still lead to multiple interpretations. BBC News, in its Instagram posts, contains sentences that are structurally ambiguous. Therefore, this study aims to find out types of structural ambiguity on BBC News’ Instagram posts that are published from February 2021 until July 2022 and the interpretations arise from those ambiguities. This study uses qualitative method with document analysis technique. The analysis is done by some steps: investigating which word or phrase that makes the sentences become ambiguous, categorizing the ambiguities to their each types, finding out meanings that are produced by those ambiguities, parsing the sentences by using tree diagram, and interpreting the actual meaning of the news headlines or sentences by relating it to the context. The result shows that there are fifty posts from BBC News that contain sentences which are structurally ambiguous. Using theory of Hirst, those ambiguities are categorized as attachment and analytical ambiguity. The ambiguities are mostly caused by phrases that are unclear what their functions are in a sentence. From the result, it can be seen that structural ambiguity is a language phenomenon that is still widely found in our surrounding, not to mention the news headlines.

Keywords: structural ambiguity; BBC News; Instagram; headline; sentence
Early Prediction of a Pre-Symptomatic Neurodegeneration Disorder by Measuring Macrophage Inhibitory Factor Level in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Khalil Rania M. , Alaa Shereen , Eissa Hanan , Youssef Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Background: The relationship between diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders has been of great interest. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine in which a variety of signaling cascades are activated through it. MIF has been involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases and can predict early pre-symptomatic stages of neurodegeneration in diabetic patients. Objective: To investigate whether serum MIF could predict brain neurodegeneration at the early pre-symptomatic stages in diabetic patients. Methods: We examined adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and compared with normal control adults using a short form of the IQCODE and biochemical examination, including assessment of HA1C, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and MIF which was measured by ELISA technique. Correlations between parameters were studied. Computational PathLinker bioinformatic tool was used to search for potential pathway reconstructions for the insulin/amyloid-β/MIF signaling. Results: We demonstrated that MIF level was increased in the serum at the early pre-symptomatic stages of neurodegenerative disorder in diabetic patients. In addition, network analysis demonstrates that insulin receptor substrate 1 can ameliorate amyloid-β protein precursor through COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5 that enhances MIF elevation. Conclusion: Diagnosis processes could not be used as routine examinations for still pre-symptomatic neurodegenerative disorders. This may be due to the time constraints and the heavy dependence on the physician’s experience. Therefore, serum MIF level could predict brain neurodegeneration at the early pre-symptomatic stages in diabetic patients which may support its potential utility as a clinically useful biomarker.
A novel model-based reinforcement learning algorithm for solving the problem of unbalanced reward
Authors: Yuan Yinlong , Hua Liang , Cheng Yun , Li Junhong , Sang Xiaohu , Zhang Lei , Wei Wu
Published: June 2022

Reward signal reinforcement learning algorithms can be used to solve sequential learning problems. However, in practice, they still suffer from the problem of reward imbalance, which limits their use in many contexts. To solve this unbalanced reward problem, in this paper, we propose a novel model-based reinforcement learning algorithm called the expected n-step value iteration (EnVI). Unlike traditional model-based reinforcement learning algorithms, the proposed method uses a new return function that changes the discount of future rewards while reducing the influence of the current reward. We evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithm on a Treasure-Hunting game and a Hill-Walking game. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can reduce the negative impact of unbalanced rewards and greatly improve the performance of traditional reinforcement learning algorithms.
Establishing Equivalent Aerobic Exercise Parameters Between Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease and Pink1 Knockout Rats
Authors: Salvatore Michael F. , Soto Isabel , Kasanga Ella A. , James Rachael , Shifflet Marla K. , Doshier Kirby , Little Joel T. , John Joshia , Alphonso Helene M. , Cunningham J. Thomas , Nejtek Vicki A.
Published: June 2022

Background: Rodent Parkinson’s disease (PD) models are valuable to interrogate neurobiological mechanisms of exercise that mitigate motor impairment. Translating these mechanisms to human PD must account for physical capabilities of the patient. Objective: To establish cardiovascular parameters as a common metric for cross-species translation of aerobic exercise impact. Method: We evaluated aerobic exercise impact on heart rate (HR) in 21 early-stage PD subjects (Hoehn Yahr ≤1.5) exercising in non-contact boxing training for ≥3 months, ≥3x/week. In 4-month-old Pink1 knockout (KO) rats exercising in a progressively-increased treadmill speed regimen, we determined a specific treadmill speed that increased HR to an extent similar in human subjects. Results: After completing aerobic exercise for ∼30 min, PD subjects had increased HR∼35% above baseline (∼63% maximum HR). Motor and cognitive test results indicated the exercising subjects completed the timed up and go (TUG) and trail-making test (TMT-A) in significantly less time versus exercise-naïve PD subjects. In KO and age-matched wild-type (WT) rats, treadmill speeds of 8–10 m/min increased HR up to 25% above baseline (∼67% maximum HR), with no further increases up to 16 m/min. Exercised KO, but not WT, rats showed increased locomotor activity compared to an age-matched exercise-naïve cohort at 5 months old. Conclusion: These proof-of-concept results indicate HR is a cross-species translation parameter to evaluate aerobic exercise impact on specific motor or cognitive functions in human subjects and rat PD models. Moreover, a moderate intensity exercise regimen is within the physical abilities of early-stage PD patients and is therefore applicable for interrogating neurobiological mechanisms in rat PD models.
Geographical Differences in Kidney Cancer Outcomes of Patients Treated with Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gonçalves Vinicius Knackfuss , Monteiro Fernando Sabino Marques , Gazola Antonia Angeli , Pizzolo Felipe , Hübner Júlia Elisa , Pellegrini Rodrigo , Borba Alessandra , Fay André P.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown clinical benefit among patients with advanced kidney cancer. Their cost burden hardens its access, especially in low- and middle-income countries. To set solutions, the impact of geographical and socioeconomic differences in the clinical outcomes and survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients needs to be explored.

OBJECTIVE:

This review aimed to understand if geographical differences affected the clinical outcomes of RCC patients receiving immunotherapy.

METHODS:

This study reviewed 45 studies that examined the OS and PFS of RCC patients undergoing ICI (2010–2020) selected from a 3028-study database search conducted on PubMed and grey literature. The selected studies were divided into groups: Asia, multicentric studies, Europe and Anglo-America. The lethality and income of the geographical locations were measured and discussed.

RESULTS:

Weighted average (WAVG) of mPFS and mOS were 8,47 months, and 40,6 months in Asia. The WAVG of mOS were 12.2 months, and 20.22 months in the Anglo-American population (15 studies; 943 patients). In multicentric studies (4 studies; 1834 patients) the WAVG mPFS was 10,06. European group (13 studies; 3143 patients) had 6.1 and 20.24 months mPFS and mOS, respectively. The exploratory analysis on income and RCC lethality has shown an absolute decline of 8.7% (CI 10.1 to 7.3% - p < 0.05) in RCC lethality, when income is raised by 100%.

CONCLUSION:

Clinical benefit from ICI varies across the globe. A wide access to ICI, and evaluation of biological aspects of the disease will allow a better understanding of the impact of geographic regions in the clinical outcome of patients receiving ICI and the etiology of potential differences.
METHODOLOGICAL REGULATION AND ANALYTICAL AND INFORMATION SUPPORT OF PROCESSORIENTED MANAGEMENT IN THE MODERN SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Chupryna Iurii , Petrenko Hanna , Hrynenko Igor , Nikolaeva Marina , Pokolenko Vadim , Savchuk Tetyana
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the formation of theoretical and methodological provisions and applied principles ofprocess-oriented development of construction companies aimed at improving the procedural and instrumental basis for makingeconomic and managerial decisions in a dynamic business environment for investment and construction projects. The constructionindustry has a much higher degree of fragmentation of process characteristics compared to other types of activities, which aredetermined by the extremely high level of economic dynamism, where companies are constantly faced with the need to adapt tomarket transformations. functioning, connections and relations between the components of the economic and production system ofthe enterprise as an object of management). Implementation of the process approach allows to systematically combine functionalareas of activity, to build transparent and understandable for employees of the enterprise schemes for the implementation ofmanagement tasks, evaluate and optimize resources. Methodological and applied business tools for the formation of the budget ofthe construction development project were further developed, which provides for phased and multi-criteria formation of budgetsof contractors and the total budget of the development project on a new calculation and analytical basis.
EVALUATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SHIELDING CHARACTERISTICS OF FACING BUILDING VATERIALS
Authors: Panova Olena , Krasnyansky Grigory , Aznauryan Irina
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of theoretical studies of the protective properties of composite facing materials based on a dielectric matrix with an electrically conductive non-magnetic filler in a wide frequency range of incident electromagnetic radiation. Expressions are got for the values of the transmission, reflection and absorption, and the electromagnetic radiation shielding efficiency calculated on their basis. The dependences of the permittivity and electrical conductivity of the composite on the volume fraction of the electrically conductive additive required for calculations were got based on the hypothesis of similarity, considering the nonzero conductivity of the dielectric matrix. Satisfactory agreement between the calculation results and the measured shielding characteristics of specimens of metal silicate materials based on calcium hydro silicates and copper powder was established. The results presented show the adequacy of the proposed calculation method and indicate that it can be used for preliminary estimates of the shielding characteristics when designing electromagnetic radiation shields based on composite facing materials.
DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOCATALYTIC AND ULTRASONIC EQUIPMENT TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF CORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2. PHOTOCATALYTIC SAMPLE OF SEPARATION STAGE
Authors: Huang Chun Xiang , Liling Xia , Ryzhkov Sergiy
Published: June 2022

The Full-scale experimental photocatalytic sample of separator consists of 5 equal purification modules. Each of the modules consists of separation elements for increasing of purification level. The equipment is designed for air volume G = 50… 150 m3 / hour, should reduce the degree of microbial contamination of the air to the required level (capture particles of 0.1 μm) and help reduce the risk of airborne diseases. Project considers solving an important scientific and technical problem of creating and development of photocatalytic and ultrasonic heat and mass transfer separation equipment for air clean from dust and viruses (coronavirus SARS-COV-2). Filtration is a quite economical and efficient method of improving air-conditioning system, the air filtration systems represent a good solution for the improvement of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), and the Antimicrobial treatments (coronavirus SARS-COV-2 prevention) of filters may be a solution to these problems. It is possible to prevent the accumulation and dispersion of microorganisms by adding anti-microbial agents on the surfaces of filter, which contributes to the improvement of air quality. Purification from dust and viruses and liquid media smaller than 1 μm requires development of air-purifying separation equipment able to capture particles of this size with implementation of resource-saving features base on photocatalytic and ultrasonic equipment. Development of photocatalytic and ultrasonic heat and mass transfer separation equipment for air clean from dust and viruses (coronavirus SARS-COV-2 prevention) is based on multilevel gradient aerosol technologies, as well as research of methods of their control, is their joint use in the presence of substantial gradients of the hydrodynamic and thermophysical parameters (temperature, pressure, velocity, density, etc.).
STUDY ON THE DENSIFICATION OF ALN-TIB2 COMPOSITES BY HOT PRESSED SINTERING
Authors: Li Ming
Published: June 2022

The AlN-TiB2 composites were prepared by hot pressing sintering process and the effects of TiB2 content and sintering process on the densification of AlN-TiB2 composites were studied. The results showed that at 1900℃ for 1h, the relative density reached more than 98.6% and the TiB2 content had no effect on densification of the composites. The phase composition and microstructure of the composites were also studied. Two-phase BN and TiN are newly formed in the sintering process of AlN-TiB2 multiphase material, so the multiphase material is composed of four phases, the primary crystal phase is AlN and TiB2, and the secondary crystal phase is BN and TiN. With the increase of sintering temperature and the extension of holding time, the density of AlN-TiB2 multiphase materials gradually increases. The optimum sintering temperature and holding time were 1900℃ and 1h respectively. The addition of TiB2 does not affect the sintering of multiphase materials.The multiphase materials have achieved high density.
IDENTIFICATION OF NON-STATIONARY DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF DAIRY PRODUCTION
Authors: Kryvoruchko Olena , Kostiuk Yuliia , Tsiutsiura Mykola
Published: June 2022

Technological processes of the food industry are characterized by uncertainty and complexity of the process, which depend on many factors, from the composition of raw materials to the physico-chemical properties of products at all stages of its production. All this increases the possibility of fluctuations in the parameters of the process and the quality of the final product. The efficiency of industrial facilities is closely related to compliance with technological algorithms and functional parameters of these facilities. A very important procedure in their operation is the control of their technological parameters and diagnosing the condition of the nodes, which is achieved by implementing appropriate control and diagnostic systems. In order to solve the problem of visual display of the influence of input parameters on product quality indicators, theoretical research was conducted in the field of identification of non-stationary dynamic technological processes. An important step in the study of real objects is to determine the parameters and structure of the mathematical model that provide the best match between the original coordinates of the model and the object under the same input influences. The choice of mathematical model depends on a number of conditions, the most important of which are: the purpose for which the model should serve; the accuracy of the description of the real process is necessary; criterion of adequacy of model and object; degree of study of the technological process. The transition from the stage of model construction to its application is carried out by checking its adequacy. The condition for the adequacy of the model is the ability to use the resulting model to solve the problem for which it is built. Recently, for the modeling of dynamic systems and processes, methods of analysis of interval data are widely used, which make it possible to obtain guaranteed estimates of the predictive properties of dynamic systems based on a small number of observations of the original variable.
CLASSIFICATION OF ECO-LOGISTICS SYSTEMS PROJECTS
Authors: Kovtun Tetiana
Published: June 2022

Recently, there have been increasing transformational changes in society's attitude to determining the success of economic activities, which require consideration of environmental and social aspects. Purely economic systems are considered to be ecologically oriented, taking into account the eco-destructive impact on the environment. In particular, logistics systems are becoming environmentally friendly. Improving the effectiveness of the creation, operation and development of eco-logistics systems requires the application of modern approaches to the management of complex ecological and economic systems, in particular the project approach, which is based on the use of project management methodology tools. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the classification of eco-logistics systems projects. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to provide a definition of the eco-logistics system project; to propose a classification of eco-logistics systems projects, which takes into account the specific features of this type of projects. The changes that have taken place in eco-logistics have affected the properties of projects in this area, which should be reflected in the classification of eco-logistics systems projects. As a basic classification characteristic, it is proposed to use the reason for the implementation or purpose of the project, namely: the creation, development or operation of an eco-logistics system. Creation projects are classified on the basis of the product formed as a result of the project. Development projects are divided into: projects for the development of the management system of eco-logistics system, projects for the development of eco-logistics system and projects for the development of eco-logistics product, for which a more detailed decomposition is provided depending on the type and object of development. In addition, the projects of eco-logistics system functioning as having all the features of projects are allocated in a separate category. The classification of eco-logistics systems projects carried out in the article allows to define a wide range of projects and further to investigate specific features of development and execution of each category of the defined projects.
USING A VALUE APPROACH TO MANAGE INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Authors: Morozov Victor , Kolomiiets Anna
Published: June 2022

The use of knowledge base for the management of innovative projects and programs, based on a value-based approach to stimulate innovation in Ukraine, is considered. It was found that today there are well-tested and specific methodologies for managing innovation programs based on a project approach, but these schemes of innovation management activities do not consider the financing of innovations. The main vectors of innovation activity of domestic enterprises, the reasons for failure to bring new products to market have been studied and studied. The types of innovations for which innovative activity is carried out at IT enterprises are determined. In terms of innovation, almost complete lack of application of the project approach was revealed. It is emphasized that traditional project management methodologies based on value systems do not fully allow for effective management of innovative projects due to their significant complexity and risk. This necessitates the development of new approaches that take into account the specifics of complex innovative IT projects and development programs, their elements, characteristics and communication parameters. The issues of development and use of new models for management of innovative projects on the basis of the value approach are investigated. To do this, it is proposed to apply a model of scientific cooperation based on a commercial concession (franchise), based on maximizing values for all stakeholders of the project and program using a comprehensive systematic approach to determining the state of activity in an innovative project. A conceptual model of interaction with the external environment in the implementation of innovative projects is proposed. Based on this model and the scheme of innovation association, a mathematical model for determining the values for stakeholders of this project activity is proposed.
EFFECT OF THE COULOMB INTERACTION TO THE PROCESSES OF INELASTIC DEUTERON SCATTERING ON NUCLEI AND THE STRUCTURE OF DEUTERON
Authors: Krivenko-Emetov Yaroslav
Published: June 2022

The available experimental data on the interaction of polarized and unpolarized deuterons with a large deuteron momentum transfer require their theoretical description and interpretation. At the same time, further experimental studies require theoretical predictions in turn. In particular, there is a need to develop a theoretical model that makes it possible to smoothly connect available experimental data obtained at low-energy region, at which the nucleon-meson structure of the deuteron appears, with data obtained at high-energy region. The latter are related to the structure of the deuteron at small distances. Approaches based on the quark description of the deuteron structure are more adequate for their interpretation. The creation of such a model is an urgent task of modern nuclear physics, since it will allow one to reliably compare the asymptotic predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics and other quark approaches with the available experimental data. This will also make it possible to develop the theoretical approaches necessary for planning future experimental studies of elastic and inelastic deuteron scattering at high energies. In the framework of the Glauber–Sitenko model, the contribution of the Coulomb interaction to the reaction cross section A(d,p) at high energies and zero proton angle is calculated. The effect of taking into account the Coulomb interaction for the cross section in a wide inter-nuclear region is evaluated. The present calculations are compared with experiment. One fines that the Coulomb interaction gives a sizable contribution in the observables only at a peak, where the proton momentum is near half of the deuteron momentum in the lab. frame. But it does not change the results in the high momentum region, where quark effects should be taken into account.
Florida 4-H Treasurer's Manual and Record Book
Authors: Jordan Joy , Thomas Mary , Browning Tiffany
Published: June 2022

So, you’ve been elected treasurer of your 4-H club! This revised 36-page record book will help guide you in your duties and responsibilities and will be the official financial record of your club. Written by Joy Jordan and published by the UF Department of 4-H Youth Development, March 2012.
4HGCR02/4H012: Florida 4-H Treasurer's Manual and Record Book (ufl.edu)
Agricultural Management Options for Climate Variability and Change: Conservation Tillage
Authors: Balkcom Kip , Duzy Leah , Dourte Daniel , Fraisse Clyde
Published: June 2022

This 4-page fact sheet focuses on the use of conservation tillage in crop production systems as a strategy to minimize the risks associated with climate variability and change and to improve resource-use efficiency. Written by Kip Balkcom, Leah Duzy, Daniel Dourte, and Clyde Fraisse, and published by the UF Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, June 2012.