bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF KERNEL SECURITY MECHANISMS IN PREVENTING ATTACKS AT THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM LEVEL
Authors: Meyramov I. Zh.
Published: February 2025

Security is a critically important aspect of modern Linux operating systems, with the kernel playing a central role in its provision. Acting as an intermediary between hardware resources and application software, the kernel controls access to system resources and manages process execution. One of its key functions is to protect the system from various cyber threats and attacks aimed at exploiting vulnerabilities at the operating system level. This paper examines the main security mechanisms implemented in the Linux kernel, including access control (SELinux, AppArmor), address space randomization (ASLR), memory protection (DEP, Stack Guard), and privilege restrictions. It discusses how these mechanisms prevent or mitigate the impact of attacks such as buffer overflows, malicious code injection, and privilege escalation. The effectiveness of these methods and their role in the overall cybersecurity strategy for Linux-based systems are analyzed.Additionally, the paper highlights current trends and future prospects for the development of kernel security mechanisms, including the integration of hardware security tools and the use of machine learning technologies to detect threats. The importance of timely kernel and system component updates, as well as the active role of users and administrators in maintaining high-security standards, is emphasized. Thus, the article provides a comprehensive overview of how the Linux kernel contributes to preventing attacks at the operating system level and outlines measures that can be taken to enhance security in the future.
EFFECTIVE WAYS TO PREVENT HIDDEN HACKING OF WEBCAMS
Authors: Zakenova A. O. , Alimzhanova Zh. M.
Published: February 2025

This article discusses effective ways to prevent the intrusion of webcams into the civil and public sectors. In addition, several high-profile attacks on webcams, as well as high-profile cases of covert breaches of webcams in the civilian and government sectors, were discussed in an effort to raise awareness of webcam security issues. Hacking a webcam is a violation of privacy and security of users. This article discusses the causes and consequences of webcam hacking, as well as their impact on victims and society at large.Reasons for hacking a webcam include encouraging hackers, the desire to access personal information, espionage, or even threats and blackmail. These attacks may be motivated by financial gain, invasion of privacy, or simply for fun. The article examines the various methods attackers use to compromise webcams, including exploiting vulnerabilities, phishing attacks, malware, and remote access tools. The consequences of hacking a webcam can be devastating. Victims face loss of privacy, violation of confidentiality, as well as possible damage to their reputation. It can also lead to psychological and emotional problems such as stress and anxiety.The impact of webcam hacks on society raises questions about cybersecurity and the need to strengthen the protection of personal devices and data. It also highlights the importance of educating users about network security rules and the use of strong passwords.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF APPLE JUICES FOR CIDER PRODUCTION
Authors: Yesenkulova N. A. , Abdigaliyeva T. B.
Published: February 2025

The study focuses on the comparative analysis of the physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of fresh apple juices from various varieties for cider production. Juices were prepared from three apple varieties: sample 1 – «Antonovka», sample 2 – «Grushovka Vernenskaya», and sample 3 – «Golden Delicious». Key indicators such as acidity, sugar content, and phenolic compounds were examined.The results showed that the dry matter content in the first sample was 14,3±1,12%, which is 1,1% higher than the second sample but 0,6% lower than the third. The highest sugar content was found in the third sample, while the lowest was in the first. Vitamin C concentration was highest in the second sample (21,1±1,63 mg/100 ml), whereas the other varieties ranged from 14,2 to 15,6±2,21 mg/100 ml. The biochemical composition of the juices was largely similar; however, glucose and fructose levels in the second sample were 15,6% and 8,4% lower than in the first, and 22,8% and 20,5% lower than in the third. Total nitrogen was highest in the first sample, while amine nitrogen levels were consistent across all samples. Organoleptic parameters met standard requirements.These findings highlight significant differences in the physicochemical and biochemical properties of juices from different apple varieties, underscoring the importance of careful selection for cider production. The choice of apple variety significantly affects the product's quality, taste, aroma, and chemical composition. For sweeter cider, «Golden Delicious» is recommended, while «Grushovka Vernenskaya» is suggested for higher vitamin C and beneficial compounds.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF PLUM DRYING PARAMETERS ON THE CONTENT OF POLYPHENOLIC SUBSTANCES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN PRUNES
Authors: Murzabaev B. A. , Kantureyeva G. O.
Published: February 2025

Contemporary prune production is largely driven by industry and market demands. Uniform dimensions and color, balanced taste and attractive flavor are appreciated by consumers. In addition, dried plum is considered a rich source of the essential phytochemicals, mainly polyphenolic compounds. Drying is an effective method of fruit preservation. Drying can maintain the quality of the finished product, but the decisive factor in this process is the method chosen, the equipment and the parameters of the thermal agent. In this work, drying in an infrared cabinet was used as an effective and progressive method that reduces the drying time while preserving the bioactive substances of the initial raw material. To produce a prune authors used the plum species (Prunus domestica L. – domestic plum) of the genus Prunus, the variety «Vengerka domashnya», cultivated in the south of Kazakhstan and as the most suitable variety for obtaining prunes. The results of the study showed that despite the shorter drying time at higher temperature (80°C), drying carried out at 60°C for 10 hours was more effective in terms of polyphenol preservation. Although drying fresh plums causes significant chemical changes, prunes dried in an infrared dryer at temperature 60°C can be considered a functional food due to the high levels of antioxidants: polyphenolic substances in amount 169.51±0.58 mg GAE/100 g DW and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in amount 64.27±0.65 mg equivalents of α-tocopherol/ g extract.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BISCUIT SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS WITH BUCKWHEAT FLOUR
Authors: Kobjasarova Z. I. , Nurseitova Z. T. , Kassymova M. K. , Orymbetova G. E. , Yeshimbetova B. T.
Published: February 2025

The article describes the preparation of a biscuit with the replacement of wheat flour with buckwheat flour. The purpose of the general work is to enrich the composition of the biscuit product using buckwheat flour. The problem of the ability to eat properly directly concerns food producers from many countries of the world. Buckwheat flour is the basis of gluten-free production, and the improvement of confectionery production technology allows to expand the range of gluten-free food products of domestic production and makes it available to a large number of consumers. The technology of biscuit production, obtained as a result of experimental studies using raw materials from local plants, will be very important and useful for the human body. A recipe and technology for the production of semi-finished biscuit with the addition of buckwheat flour have been developed. The qualitative indicators of the developed biscuit semi-finished product are investigated. To obtain a biscuit semi-finished product, various ratios of buckwheat and wheat flour were considered. Technological parameters of biscuit production have been developed, since wheat flour, traditionally used for biscuit production, has been replaced by buckwheat flour. The influence of flour made from buckwheat on the quality of the biscuit product has been studied. The optimal amounts of the main raw materials and non-traditional types of enriched mixtures are justified, which allow improving the quality indicators of biscuit products, including organoleptic and physicochemical indicators. The issues of improving the assortment of biscuit semi-finished products are considered. In the review of biscuit semi-finished products, replacing wheat flour with non-traditional flour improves the quality of products and increases their nutritional value.
APPLICATION OF THE LAGRANGE MULTIPLIER METHOD IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE THE CENTRIFUGATION PROCESS
Authors: Shayakhmetova M. , Kassenov A. , Lobasenko B. , Abdilova G. , Ibragimov N.
Published: February 2025

For the EAEU countries and, in particular, for the Republic of Kazakhstan, the use of wastefree processing of raw materials is extremely relevant. Such industries include medium and small meat processing plants. In the waste-free technology of meat products, the production of dry feed has a high nutritional value compared to other feed products. In the production of dry feed at large enterprises, continuously operating high-performance equipment is widely used to separate liquid heterogeneous systems.However, for small and medium-sized enterprises, the development course of which is carried out in the republic, the same continuously operating equipment of low productivity is necessary. In this regard, the development of such equipment is a very urgent task. At the same time, numerous previous studies were mainly aimed at studying the technological and dynamic side of the centrifugation process of high-performance machines used in related industries, in particular, chemical, whereas such studies were not carried out for small and medium-sized machines. This is especially true for the meat industry, where the processes of cetrifugation of liquid systems are insufficiently studied. This is due to the fact that meat products are a complex colloidal-dispersed system consisting of tightly adjacent moisture and dry residue, which has a high adsorption capacity. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of centrifugation have not been fully studied. Insufficient attention was paid to the technological features of production along with the design features of the equipment. In this regard, the production of dry feed is in demand, since the latter have a high nutritional value superior to other feed products. In the production of dry animal feed, the centrifugation process is used to separate fat from flakes. The use of the centrifugation process in the separation of fat from the flakes ensures high quality of the resulting fat. Moreover, this quality is much higher than that of fat obtained in the processes of pressing and extraction of raw materials.As a result, significant energy savings in small and medium-sized production with scaling to the entire meat processing industry contribute to improving the overall environmental situation. In this regard, the importance of further development of «green» energy is increasing.
ANALYSIS OF THE BURNING ENVIRONMENT OF A BOILER UNIT DURING THE COMBUSTION OF NON-DESIGN COAL
Authors: Khazhidinova A. , Stepanova O. , Yermolenko M. , Kassymov A. , Umyrzhan T.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the results of a study of the temperature fields of combustion products of nondesign coal from the Karazhyra open pit in the combustion space of a boiler unit. The purpose of the work is to establish operating conditions for the combustion chamber of the KV-T-116.3-150 boiler unit, ensuring the absence of slagging of radiation heating surfaces, reliable circulation in the boiler and minimal heat loss when burning off-design fuel.Experimental studies were carried out to determine the temperature of combustion products of nondesign fuel, which made it possible to construct gas isotherms and evaluate the operation of the boiler combustion chamber. Laboratory tests were also carried out on samples of non-design fuel, and its qualitative composition was determined. Heat losses during combustion of non-design fuel have been determined. Data on the efficiency of the boiler installation with variable heating output were obtained, and the optimal operating mode of the boiler unit was established.The subject of this work is of particular interest due to the need to control and reduce the intensity of slagging and contamination of heating surfaces, reduce the level of harmful emissions, and intensify heat exchange processes in the flues of boiler plants when burning modern fuels.To examine the heat exchange processes in the boiler, the method of pyrometric study of the combustion space was used at different heat outputs.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE REFRIGERATION UNIT IN THE HEATING AND COOLING MODE
Authors: Manulenko A. , Elistratov S. , Yermolenko M.
Published: February 2025

The article presents a study of a refrigeration unit operating in two modes – heating and cooling. The study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the system for each mode.In the process of efficiency analysis, heat flows passing through key components of the installation, such as a condenser and an evaporator, were taken into account.The analytical dependences of the heat load on the evaporator and the compressor power, the refrigeration coefficient and the transformation coefficient relative to the temperature of the coolant at the inlet to the heat exchanger are given, comparative cycles of a heat pump with an intermediate heat exchanger for steady-state cooling and heating modes were constructed, and their nodal points were analyzed.The results showed differences in characteristics depending on the operating mode of the system, which made it possible to identify optimal conditions for increasing the overall efficiency of the installation.The balance points for the heating and cooling mode were identified, where the thermal load on the evaporator is equalized with the compressor power.Analytical dependences of the installation characteristics for both the cooling and heating modes were obtained.The accuracy of the approximation of all the obtained lines was more than 0,95.As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the refrigeration system works more efficiently in heating mode, and the optimal temperature of the coolant for cooling and heating modes was 5,5°С и 9°С respectively.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTROFRICTIONAL TREATMENT PARAMETERS ON THE MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL STEELS
Authors: Sagdoldina Zh. B. , Ermolenco M. V. , Nurgaliyev D. N. , Bolatov S. D. , Alibekova B. A.
Published: February 2025

This work examines the influence of parameters of electrofrictional processing (current, processing speed) on the mechanical-tribological properties of construction steels 65G and 40Kh. Electrofrictional processing is based on the simultaneous melting of the surfaces of a cast iron electrode and a soil-processing tool blade, achieved by introducing energy through low-voltage electric arcs and cooling with water. The results of the study showed that during electrofrictional processing, the speed of sample movement relative to the rotating electrode affects the thickness of the processed layer.High-speed processing forms a relatively shallow hardening depth and large dimensions of the transition zone (about 1 mm) with a smooth decrease in microhardness. Low-speed processing can result in the formation of microcracks in the deposited layer. Electrofrictional processing of 65G steel with a current of 300 A increases the microhardness of the surface layer three times, while for 40Kh steel, it increases four times, compared to the initial values of 297 HV0.1 and 238 HV0.1, respectively. The wear intensity of 40Kh and 65G steels, hardened by electrofrictional processing with current values of 100 A, 200 A, and 300 A, is 2-3 times lower than that of non-hardened steels, indicating the significant effectiveness of this hardening method in abrasive wear.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE ELECTRONIC POWER OF ORE-THERMAL FURNACES BASED ON PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLERS
Authors: Mailykhanova B. A. , Koshimbayev Sh. K.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the development of an intelligent control system for the electric power of oresmelting furnaces based on programmable logic controllers (PLC). Control of electric power in ore-smelting furnaces is a complex task associated with the need to optimize energy consumption and increase productivity while minimizing equipment wear. The proposed control system is based on the use of PLCs in combination with artificial intelligence algorithms, which allows for monitoring and automatic regulation of furnace operating parameters in real time.The purpose of this work is to create a control system that can adapt to changing furnace operating conditions, optimizing the energy consumption process and improving the stability of the system. The article also presents methods for integrating PLCs with sensors that provide data collection, as well as analysis and forecasting algorithms based on neural network technologies. The study shows that the implementation of such a control system can significantly reduce energy consumption, reduce the load on electrical equipment and improve the overall efficiency of the ore-smelting furnace.Experimental data and a comparative analysis of the furnace operation before and after the implementation of the intelligent control system are presented. The results show that the intelligent control system using PLC can improve process stability, reduce operating costs and extend the service life of equipment.
EFFECT OF VARYING THE PULSE-PLASMA TREATMENT DISTANCE ON THE PROPERTIES OF CR3C2-NICR DETONATION COATINGS
Authors: Kakimzhanov D. N. , Dautbekov M. K. , Turabekov E. S. , Quanyshbay R. M. , Rustemov A. S.
Published: February 2025

One of the most promising methods to improve the operational properties and increase the service life of products is the application of functional coatings using various sputtering technologies. Considering the high resistance to wear and corrosion of Cr3C2-NiCr metal-ceramic composition, such coatings have started to be actively used to protect steel elements in hot parts of boilers designed for waste incineration, as well as in electric furnaces and equipment operating on natural gas.This study examines the effect of pulse-plasma treatment distance on the structural characteristics of the surface layer of Cr3C2-NiCr detonation coatings. We study a process involving the deposition of such coatings using a detonation device and then their treatment by pulse plasma. The results show that after such treatment, melting and levelling of the structural components of the coatings occurs without leading to their destruction by the plasma pulses. The microstructure of the coatings is a molten Cr3C2-NiCr based metal-ceramic material. After pulse plasma treatment, Cr2O3 chromium oxide phases are found on the surface, the intensity of Cr3C2 peaks increases and new Cr3C2 reflections appear, indicating an increase in the Cr3C2 phase content. It is also observed that the microstructure becomes more homogeneous after this treatment, which leads to the densification of the Cr3C2-NiCr-based detonation coating.
INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF DETONATION COATINGS BASED ON CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS
Authors: Sagdoldina Zh. B. , Baizhan D. R.
Published: February 2025

The process of osseointegration largely depends on the surface roughness, structure, chemical composition and mechanical characteristics of the coating. In this regard, an important direction in the development of medical materials is the development of new technologies for surface modification and the creation of bioactive ceramic coatings. Calcium phosphate materials based on hydroxyapatite are offered as bioactive ceramic coatings on titanium implants to effectively accelerate bone healing. The article discusses the results of a study of the formation of a hydroxyapatite coating on a titanium substrate during detonation spraying. The powders for spraying and the resulting coatings from hydroxyapatite were studied by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was determined that the appearance of α-Ca3(PO4)2 phases is typical for a coating of pure hydroxyapatite obtained by detonation spraying, but the hydroxyapatite phase remains in the coating composition. The results obtained using Raman spectroscopy indicate that hydroxyapatite is the main phase in coatings. The morphology of the sprayed coatings was characterized using SEM, and the elemental composition of the coatings was analyzed using EDS. The EDS analysis showed that the elemental composition of the obtained coatings is similar to the elemental composition of the initial powder, which is very important for the characteristics of biocompatibility and preservation of the service life of coatings.
AGROCHEMICAL STUDY OF SOIL FERTILITY TO OPTIMIZE AGRICULTURE IN AGROBIOLABORATORY
Authors: Kassymova Zh. , Yevlampiyeva Y. , Klivenko A. , Sadykova R.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of a study of agrochemical indicators of fertility of the arable layer (0-20 CM) of purple soil of the agrobiolaboratory of NPJSC «Shakarim University of Semey». Mechanical, elemental and gravimetric analysis of 40 soil samples from 7 shares of cereals, legumes and vegetable crops was carried out. Of organic substances (4,49%), macronutrients (total nitrogen – 71,81 kg/ha; mobile phosphorus – from 0.37 to 0.88 mg/g; mobile potassium – from 0,26 to 0,47 mg/g; Na – 0,16-0,54 mg/g; Ca – 2,29-3,57 mg / g; Mg – 0,43-1,64 mg/g; Al – 0,82-2,41 mg/g) and trace elements (Mn – 0,12-0,39 mg/g; Cr – 0,10-0,11 mg/g; Fe – 0,43-0,80 mg/g), pH of the soil solution (рН 7,7, рН 6,7) optimal performance indicators. According to the results of the study, the limiting factors of soil fertility are humidity and mechanical composition. Currently, it is necessary to develop reclamation measures to improve the low moisture content of the soil (11,72%,) and poor structure (aggregates from 1 to 5 mm by 10-30%). The results of agrochemical analysis of soil samples made it possible to create a soil database of the agrobiolaboratory for further monitoring studies.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF ROAD BITUMEN OBTAINED FROM HEAVY OIL WASTE
Authors: Nessipbayeva N. N. , Akkazin E. A. , Ongarbaev E. K.
Published: February 2025

Oil and refined petroleum products are widely used as raw materials and reagents in various industries – energy, automotive oil production, chemical, paint and varnish products, coal flotation enrichment processes, etc. Іn addіtion, oіl bіtumen іs usеd in the сonstruction оf buildіng mаterials and highwаys, as well as in thе repair of aіrfіelds. Petroleum products, including bitumen, consist of organic compounds of various structures and compositions, including paraffin-naphthenic, alkyl-exchange, mono and bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, unsaturated and heteroatomic compounds. Saving materials for modern road construction and improving their quality is becoming one of the main problems of modern production technologies. In order to process oil waste and reduce the impact of heavy oil waste on the environment, they must be used as secondary mineral raw materials. In addition, the issue of high-quality coatings for laying highways has long been relevant in various regions of Kazakhstan. The article discusses problems of oil ozonation and an assessment of the effect of products on the chemical composition is proposed. To this end, an analytical review of the research work of the leading researchers of the country and foreign countries was conducted.
THE USE OF NATURAL ZEOLITES IN THE PRODUCTION OF DIELECTRIC MATS
Authors: Khassankhojayeva B. , Sagitova G. , Sidikov A. , Sakibayeva S.
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the possibility of using natural zeolite from the Changkanai deposit as a filler for rubber compounds. Numerous studies devoted to the study of the effects of mineral fillers on the characteristics of rubber indicate the prospects and possibilities for the development of this field.When filling rubbers with mineral components under standard conditions, a number of positive effects are observed. In particular, this leads to a reduction in the cost of the material, improvement of its elasticstrength characteristics and optimization of the technological properties of the composition. These changes are important for the industry, where cost and material quality control plays a key role.The urgent task of this work is to replace expensive fillers with more affordable alternatives, in order to preserve all the required characteristics of rubber compounds. Therefore, the new ingredients must provide the same or improved properties so that the finished product meets the standards and operational requirements. Maintaining strength, elasticity, wear resistance and other key indicators becomes a top priority in the search and implementation of substitutes, which reduces costs without loss of product quality.Within the framework of the study, the objects of study are zeolites of the Changkanai deposit and rubbers used for the production of dielectric mats, which must have high electrical insulating properties and mechanical strength.To analyze the physico-chemical properties of zeolites, studies using IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were carried out. These methods provide detailed information about the structure and composition of zeolite powders, which is critically important for assessing their potential as fillers for rubber.As a result of experimental studies, it was found that the rubber mixture obtained with partial replacement of white soot with zeolite from the Changkanai deposit demonstrates satisfactory physical and mechanical properties. This opens up new prospects for the use of natural zeolites in the rubber industry, contributing to both cost reduction and improvement of the quality of the final product.Thus, the results of the work emphasize the importance of further research in this area aimed at optimizing the compositions of rubber compounds using affordable and environmentally friendly materials such as natural zeolites.
INNOVATIVE ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS AND INTERDISCIPLINARY IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BULT CLOUD PLATFORM FOR WEB APPLICATION ORCHESTRATION
Authors: Shaikhanova A. K. , Bermukhambetov Zh. A. , Kim V. V. , Tleubayeva A. O.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the creation of the BULT cloud platform, which implements an interdisciplinary approach to the development and orchestration of web applications. The main goal of this work is to develop a platform that provides flexibility, scalability and integration of various technologies. Architectural solutions including microservice architecture and containerization are described, which simplifies the deployment and management of applications. HashiCorp's Nomad is used as the basis for container orchestration, which allows you to dynamically manage the distribution of tasks and resources, ensuring the efficiency and stability of applications. The data management system is implemented on the basis of PostgreSQL and JuiceFS, which ensures high performance and reliability of data storage. To ensure security, Wireguard and Let's Encrypt are used, which provide encryption of network traffic and automatic updating of SSL certificates. Monitoring and analysis of the system are carried out using Grafana and Loki, which allow you to visualize metrics and logs in real time. The implementation of DevOps principles and automation of development, testing and deployment processes are achieved using CI/CD tools, which allows you to quickly and safely implement changes and new features. The application of an interdisciplinary approach allows us to take into account various aspects of system development and operation, which makes the BULT platform a competitive solution in the modern cloud technology market, providing high performance, reliability and ease of use of web applications. Examples of the practical application of the platform and its advantages in comparison with traditional approaches are given.
USING AI TO PREVENT EMAIL PHISHING ATTACKS
Authors: Kakenova A. B. , Abduraimova B. K. , Santeeva S. A.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the current problems and the devastating effects of phishing email attacks. The importance of preventive measures to protect organizations from data leakage and potential catastrophic consequences is emphasized. The main types of phishing attacks and the need to implement solutions based on artificial intelligence (AI) to effectively reduce risks are described. The work used methods for recognizing early signs of phishing using artificial intelligence and machine learning. Python and Google Colab were used for development, which made it possible to effectively analyze data and train models. Special attention was paid to the development of unique methods and the use of modern software. As a result of the study, data were obtained confirming the high effectiveness of AI tools in recognizing phishing attacks. Artificial intelligence technologies have significantly improved the accuracy of phishing detection and supported adaptation to new cyber threats. The analysis shows that the use of AI allows not only to detect attacks in a timely manner, but also to develop prevention strategies. The practical significance of the results lies in the possibility of integrating the developed methods into existing security systems. The work offers a strategic approach combining technological advances and organizational practices to create sustainable information security.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF NANO FILLERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF EPOXY COMPOSITES
Authors: Tastanova L. K. , Bekeshev A. Z. , Mostovoy A. S. , Orynbasar R. O.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to study the influence of nanofiller (aluminum nitride and nanoalmases) on the structure and physical and chemical properties of epoxy polymer composites and surface functionality of these nanoparticles with amino acetic acid. In the course of the study, the optimal concentrations of 5% and 7.5% of the amino acetic acid required to ensure uniform distribution of nanoalmases (NA) and aluminum nitride (AlN) particles in the polymer matrix. It was found that the listed concentrations of the functionalizing agent lead to a significant increase in the mechanical properties of composites: as a result of the introduction of functionalized nanofillers with nano-fillers, an increase in bending strength, modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, impact resistance and heat resistance of epoxy composites was observed. The maximum increase was 6-50%. 0.1 drunk. HA and 0.05 drunk.H. With the introduction of AlN, the greatest mechanical and thermal characteristics were achieved, that is, this led to an increase in heat resistance from 100-110°C to 132-168°C. Pure and functional nanoparticles have also increased fire resistance by reducing mass loss and increasing the oxygen index. In general, these nanocomposite materials have exceptional mechanical, thermal and refractory properties, which is very important for modern applications with stable strength and fire resistance.
Morphology and properties of hollow fiber membrane prepared under different air gap lengths
Authors: MOHAMAD IDRIS AIDA ISMA , Iqbal Syeda Hina , Omar Rozita , Mansor Hazmin
Published: February 2025

The fabrication of hollow fibre membrane modules is affected by many spinning variables, including polymer composition, bath temperature, bore fluid ratio, fibre take-up velocity, and air gap length, resulting in varying properties. This study uses a dry-jet wet-spinning process to investigate the morphology and characteristics of PVDF hollow fibre membranes prepared at 10 cm (P10) and 20 cm (P20) air gap lengths. Polypropylene glycol was used as an additive. The dope extrusion rate, coagulation bath temperature, bore fluid ratio, and take-up velocity were set at 4 rpm, 30°C, 1.5 ml/hr, and 2 m/min, respectively. Atomic force microscopy determined the pore size distribution, roughness, and membrane thickness. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analyzed membrane morphology. Membrane performance was tested using 10 mg/L of synthetic protein solution. The results showed that the diameters of the fibers as well as the inner and outer lumens were significantly influenced by the air gap. Membrane dimensions decreased with the increased air gap distance with the outer and inner diameter by 5% at a 10 cm air gap. FESEM images verified that the thickness of the skin layer increases with the increase in air gap distance. The resulting roughness of the membrane layer was found to be dependent on the pore size of the support layer. The protein separation test achieved the best rejection of 98 % using the P20 membrane. Thus, selecting an optimum air gap distance for hollow fibre membrane fabrication was discovered to be a viable strategy for improving separation performance in membrane filtration and improving solute separation in wastewater.
Investigation of Layer Thickness Effects on Mechanical Properties of PLA Using FDM Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Alhuzaim Abdullah F.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the influence of layer thickness on the mechanical properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) fab- ricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing. By systematically varying the layer thickness, the aim to understand how these changes affect tensile strength, elasticity, and overall structural integrity of the printed components. The research employs a series of controlled experiments, utilizing standardized testing procedures to mea- sure and analyze the mechanical performance of PLA specimens. Results indicate significant variations in mechanical properties correlating with different layer thicknesses, providing valuable insights for optimizing print parameters in FDM processes. These findings contribute to the broader knowledge base, guiding the design and manufacturing of more robust and reliable 3D-printed objects.
Kasabach–Merritt syndrome, not only a pediatric condition: An autopsy case report and review of literature
Authors: Hossein-Zadeh Zarrin , J Rivero-Soto Roberto , Date C Hon Jane
Published: February 2025

Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS), also known as hemangioma with thrombocytopenia, is a rare vascular disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, anemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and vascular lesions. It often occurs during infancy and the neonatal period and rarely in adults. The syndrome presents with consumptive coagulopathy initiated within a vascular tumor, mainly tufted angiomas or Kaposiform hemangioendotheliomas, and less commonly, hepatic and/or biliary hemangiomas. We report a case of a 41-year-old female with a recent diagnosis of biopsy proven biliary-type hemangioma of the liver, undergoing fertility treatment, who developed consumptive coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation shortly following a liver biopsy procedure, and ultimately demised. Based on the review of the literature, we present the first adult case of KMS where the diagnosis was made post-mortem. Given the rarity of this condition, particularly in the adult population, we believe our case adds value to the field of critical care medicine, coagulopathies, and forensic medicine.
Spontaneous Cosmic Consciousness Experience: A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Hilton Andy
Published: February 2025

The term 'cosmic consciousness' is mostly used either as an ontological fundamental in metaphysics or to name a mystical experience (event). It was first popularized as a psychological state, an evolutionary attainment following the event, while extension of the mystical experience
over time comprises another state, for which the term is also used. Drawing on a personal journey of discovery involving six people's reports of spontaneous cosmic consciousness, including the author's own, this article starts with first-person accounts of the mystical event and state. Then,
it reviews the origin of the event–state conflation, and goes on to consider some aspects of the experience and category as used. This includes comments on the phenomenology and conceptual structure of spontaneous cosmic consciousness experience, with the suggestion of a paradigm form
along with consideration of 'enlightenment' and the place of psi.
The Bounds of Experience: Representationalism and the Laws of Appearance
Authors: Masciari Christopher F.
Published: February 2025

Here I defend representationalism against an important objection: the laws of appearance. The problem is that the laws seem necessary, but representationalist explanations of the laws give us no reason to think that they are. In the first part, I argue that the laws only seem necessary
but are not. I argue that the laws seem necessary because we cannot imagine violations of them, and we cannot explain this inability. Since we have an explanation of why the laws seem necessary, we have no reason to posit a modal fact. In the second part, I argue that even if one establishes
the metaphysical necessity of the laws by restricting them to normal humans, representationalism is not undermined either since the metaphysical necessity of the laws will be explained by contingent facts about normal human vision.
Delay Coordinate Embedding as Neuronally Implemented Information Processing: The State Space Theory of Consciousness
Authors: O'Reilly-Shah Vikas N.
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces the state space theory of consciousness, positing that the cortex processes information through delay coordinate embedding operationalized by recurrent neural network engines. This leverages the power of Takens' theorem, giving rise to representations of reality
as points within state space. Consciousness is posited to arise at the highest order engines amongst hierarchical and parallel engine pathways. Consciousness is cast as a dynamic process rather than as a neuronal state, reconciling dualist intuitions with a monist perspective. Neuronal representations
develop uniquely in each individual due to history-dependent training of these engines, accounting for the privacy of qualia while also addressing cortical plasticity and the heuristic nature of cortical processing. Posited engines exhibit non-linear dynamics that are sensitive to initial
conditions, explaining phenomena such as ambiguous figure interpretation and offering a pathway to explaining free will. The state space theory aligns with and expands upon major theories (e.g.higher-order theories, global workspace theories, integrated information theory), essentially providing
a computational mechanism that unifies elements of these theories. Future work will explore neural mechanisms and validate predictions.
Selective Optimism about Mind-Uploading
Authors: Weber Clas
Published: February 2025

Optimists about mind-uploading believe that we can survive uploading. Pessimists about mind-uploading, on the other hand, believe that we cannot survive uploading. An under-explored middle ground between the two is a selective form of optimism, which claims that we can survive some
forms of uploading, such as gradual replacement uploading, but not others, such as scan-and-copy uploading. Is selective optimism about uploading a rational stance? In this paper I argue that the answer is yes. The paper has a negative and a positive part. First, I defuse an objection against
selective optimism from Wiley and Koene (2016). Wiley and Koene argue that gradual replacement uploading is metaphysically equivalent to scanand-copy uploading, and hence optimism about the former and pessimism about the latter is unfounded. I show that Wiley and Koene's case for the supposed
metaphysical equivalence fails, since there is a significant metaphysical contrast between the two types of uploading involving immanent causation. In the second part of the paper, I present a positive case for selective optimism about gradual uploading building on this contrast in immanent
causation.
What makes a face memorable: Islands of expertise?
Authors: Hancock Peter
Published: February 2025

An overview of my career in face memory research. How do people recognise faces? I propose the islands of expertise model, which suggests that growing expertise bootstraps our abilities.
How do individual differences in openness to experience and analytic thinking moderate the impact of insightful experiences on the modification or reinforcement of beliefs?
Authors: Velinskiy Iuliana
Published: February 2025

This study investigates individual differences in openness to experience and analytic thinking and their impact on belief reinforcement through insightful experiences. Participants are presented with anagrams as cognitive stimuli, with correctness and relevance varied across conditions. Results indicate that the relevance and correctness of cognitive stimuli significantly influences belief endorsement, and that openness moderates the influence of cognitive stimuli on belief endorsement, suggesting
A primer on open science for cognitive psychologists
Authors: Pennington Charlotte R.
Published: February 2025

Psychological science is said to be facing a ‘replication crisis’ with widespread concerns regarding the replicability, reproducibility, and transparency of its findings. This crisis has led to the fastpaced advancement of open science, with a series of new practices proposed to mitigate these issues and improve the research landscape. In this primer, I explain how cognitive psychologists can implement preprints, preregistration, Registered Reports, and open materials, code, and data into their research workflow. I also outline how such training can be embedded into the higher education curriculum to facilitate these skills in students who represent the future of our discipline.
Powerful and supported: How Gorilla Experiment Builder makes your research easier
Authors: Tomczak Johanna , Adams Jamie , Beale Hollie , Evershed Jo K.
Published: February 2025

Are you a psychology researcher looking into taking your study online? In this article, we explain how Gorilla Experiment Builder can help you build your online study without the stress of coding. Learn more about the tools Gorilla offers, different research projects that can be done online, our grant scheme, and much more!
Reflections on ECR Fellowships
Authors: Hardy Alex , Mair Ali , Mileva Mila
Published: February 2025

Alex Hardy, Ali Mair and Mila Mileva write about their experiences as ECR fellows, reflecting on benefits, challenges, and offering some advice to prospective applicants. Alex is completing an internally funded five-year fellowship at Nottingham Trent University, while Ali and Mila received funding from the British Academy to complete three-year fellowships at the University of York and Plymouth respectively.
Two reflections on the PhD thesis: Thesis by monograph, thesis by publication, and the viva process
Authors: Ford Samantha , Callaghan David
Published: February 2025

This paper provides two reflections on the authors’ experiences of writing a PhD thesis by monograph, and a PhD thesis by publication, and discusses the advantages and challenges facing students and supervisors approaching these formats. It concludes with reflections on how to prepare for the viva process. This paper is aimed at prospective and current PhD students, and supervisors, who may find these insights useful to inform students’ choice of thesis format.
‘Time flies! - A brief insight into being a full-time PhD student’
Authors: Sutandi Leonardo
Published: February 2025

Deciding to do a full-time PhD is a major decision. Most people who have taken this path would say that it takes a lot of effort and sacrifice to cross that finish line on time. However, there are also many ways in which pursuing a full-time PhD can be thoroughly enjoyable. In this article I discuss some of the pros and cons of full-time study.
Diverticulitis aguda complicada con fístula al músculo psoas y formación de absceso. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Gómez Bolívar Ana María , Castilla Muñoz Vilmar Javier , Larrañaga Victor Nebil
Published: February 2025

La diverticulitis aguda (DA) es una entidad común predominantemente en la población adulta. Se puede complicar con absceso en un 30 % de los casos o con el desarrollo de una fístula hasta en un 14 % de los casos; la afectación del músculo psoas es poco frecuente. En este trabajo se presenta el caso de un paciente joven en quien se identificó un trayecto fistuloso entre el colon y el músculo psoas con formación de absceso, como  consecuencia de un cuadro de DA. Se revisó la literatura disponible, en la que se destaca la importancia de la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) en la evaluación de esta entidad y sus diferentes complicaciones.
Hernia de hiato de Winslow por divertículo de Meckel: una causa infrecuente de una hernia infrecuente
Authors: Garcia Ibañez Diana Carolina , Tregea María Candelaria , De Vedia María , Roccatagliata Nicolás , Larrañaga Victor Nebil , Ferrarotti Carlos Federico
Published: February 2025

Las hernias internas representan una causa infrecuente de obstrucción intestinal. De estas, el 8 % corresponden a hernias de hiato de Winslow. De los cuatro tipos de hernia de hiato de Winslow (HHW) descritas, según el órgano afectado, el divertículo de Meckel es poco frecuente. Es una entidad de difícil diagnóstico, su tratamiento es quirúrgico y los pacientes pueden presentar una alta morbimortalidad, superior al 50 %, cuando está asociada a estrangulación vascular. El objetivo de este manuscrito es presentar un caso de hernia de hiato de Winslow por una causa infrecuente. Su diagnóstico preoperatorio certero o de sospecha solo se logra en un 10 % de los casos y la conducta quirúrgica urgente es el único factor que disminuye su morbimortalidad. La tomografíacomputarizada multidetector (TCMD), es de gran utilidad para la sospecha diagnóstica precoz.
Síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers asociado a obstrucción intestinal por intususcepción: una rara enfermedad con una complicación frecuente. Presentación de caso
Authors: Manrique Salas Juan Pablo , Gutiérrez González Hugo César , Arévalo Orjuela William Ernesto , Quintero Díaz Lina Marcela , Lemus Velázquez Mario
Published: February 2025

El Peutz-Jeghers es un síndrome neoplásico autosómico dominante que se caracteriza por formar pólipos hamartomatosos a lo largo del tracto gastrointestinal, pigmentaciones mucocutáneas típicas y un riesgo elevado de cáncer de por vida. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 21 años de edad con historia conocida de síndrome Peutz-Jeghers, sin seguimiento, quien presenta clínica de dolor abdominal, náuseas y emesis con intolerancia a la vía oral, con estudio tomográfico y serie gastroduodenal que llevan al diagnóstico de obstrucción intestinal con intususcepción en la segunda porción del duodeno. En el presente artículo se revisan la bibliografía y las características radiológicas del síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers.
Causa inesperada de abdomen agudo: tricobezoar atascado en sitio de diverticulitis sigmoidea
Authors: Lazcano Soliz Jhisel Carolina , Robledo Lina Maria , Espil Germán , Kozima Shigeru , Nebil Larrañaga Victor
Published: February 2025

La obstrucción en el colon es mucho menos frecuente que en el intestino delgado. Entre sus diversas causas se destacan por su frecuencia la neoplasia maligna, el vólvulo y la diverticulitis; a diferencia de estas, los bezoares raramente son los responsables. La tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) representa el método de imagen de referencia para la evaluación de la obstrucción intestinal, por su elevada sensibilidad y especificidad, lo que permite definir principalmente ubicación, causa y complicaciones. Se expone un caso particular, no descrito en la literatura, de un abdomen agudo en un hombre de 56 años de edad, sin antecedentes psiquiátricos, con hallazgos radiológicos característicos en TAC de un tricobezoar atascado en un sector de diverticulitis aguda, que desencadenó un cuadro de oclusión intestinal. Este caso concluyó en la resección del segmento afectado y extracción de la masa intraluminal. Los hallazgos fueron confirmados por histopatología.