bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI DAN PARTISIPASI ANGGOTA TERHADAP MANAJEMEN KINERJA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM DAN PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH (KSPPS) BMT ARTHA SALAM DI BANJARNEGARA
Authors: Lustono Lustono , Muqoronah Asih
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT

The problem that occurs in KSPPS BMT Artha Salam Sigaluh branch Of Sigaluh is that performance management has not been carried out optimally as indicated by leadership, motivation and member participation. Cooperative performance management has not been carried out optimally or effectively as expected due to the lack of leadership, motivation and member participation. This researcher aims to determine the effect of leadership, motivation and member participation partially and simultaneously on performance management, as well as more dominant variables.

This research is a quantitative research. The data used in this study are primary data with questionnaires. The population in this study were employees of the cooperative member who receive the remaining results of business (SHU) KSPPS BMT Artha Salam Branch Sigaluh. The sampling technique in this study is to use all member of the cooperative who receive the ramainder of the business (SHU), amounting to 64 respondents. Data analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis.

Based on the results of the hypothesis test there is a simultaneous influence between the variables of leadership, motivation and member participation to performance management. Partially shows no significant effect between the leadership variables on performance management variables. The variable motivation influance to performance management. While the member participation variable influences performance management. The variable that has dominant influence on performance management is member participation.
KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POTASSIUM HEXATIONOFERRATE (III) DECOMPOSITION CATALYTIC REACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF COMPOSITE TRACK-ETCHED MEMBRANES
Authors: Altynbaeva L. Sh. , Mendibaeva A. Zh. , Aimanova N. A. , Nurmakhan A. E. , Dzhakupova Zh. E. , Tuleuov B. I. , Mashentseva A. A.
Published: May 2021

The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the decomposition of an inorganic wastewater pollutant such as potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) (PHCF) in the presence of composite catalysts based on polymer track membranes (TeMs) and copper nanoparticles (NPs) was studied. Composite catalysts were prepared by electroless template synthesis using a nontoxic reducing agent - ascorbic acid. A systematic study of the process of electroless plating of copper NPs was carried out depending on pH, deposition time, and the number of activations of the polymer template. The structure of the porous composite catalysts was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The catalytic properties of the obtained composites were examined in the temperature range of 10-25 °C for a series of samples synthesized with different deposition times. It was shown that the kinetics of the decomposition reaction of PHCF corresponds to the pseudo first-order reaction. Such thermodynamic characteristics as energy, entropy and enthalpy of activation are calculated. The stability of the properties of catalysts has been studied.
Enhancement of Virtual Private Network Security Using Machine Learning Technologies
Authors: Nagy Zaman , Wali Mousa
Published: May 2021

Network security concerns and approaches are expanded in the recent days due to the network developments and network user’s expansion. In this paper, virtual private network is suggested for network security after fulfilment of other network performance metrics such as throughput and time delay. Furthermore, in order to prevent any malicious activities with those connections under one virtual private network, artificial intelligence attack predictor is implemented. Using of various machine learning algorithms such as Naïve Bays and Random Forest, attacks can be predicted and then blocked. Another approach is used for attacks prediction called as Artificial Neural Network which represents a deep learning technology to predict any attach by learning the attacks behaviors during the training stage.
Students’ Speaking Anxiety in English Class
Authors: Sinaga Atanasius Gabe Hardional , Syahrial Syahrial , Hati Gita Mutiara
Published: May 2021

This research aimed to find out the level of students’ speaking anxiety students in English class and the most dominant factors that caused students’ speaking anxiety faced by the third grade students of Junior High School in SMPN 15 Bengkulu in English Classroom. This research used descriptive quantitative design with questionnaire as the instrument. The questionnaire of this research was Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) proposed by Horwitz et al. (1983). The data has been analyzed by using SPSS program. The population of this research was the third grade students in SMPN 15 Bengkulu. The total is 7 classes: class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E, Class F, and Class G. The total number of population is 163 students. From 7 classes, the researcher decided to take only 20% of student each. The result of this research showed that the majority of the students of the third-grade were Mildly Anxious level and the most dominant factors causing the student speaking anxiety was the Fear of Negative Evaluation. According to the result, most of the students were already feel anxious about the fact that they had to speak in a group or individually and also being evaluated by the teacher in front of the English class. In conclusion, the researcher found that students are afraid to speak up in front of the class because they always think that other students will laugh at them and judge the student who speaks in front of the class. This might make the student’s speaking anxiety arise and make them to stay silent instead of speaking.
Investigating Pre-Service English Teachers’ Perception on the Use of Multimedia in EFL Teaching and Learning Process: Pedagogical Implication
Authors: Faridah Didih , Irianti Leni , Fachriyani Reska Laila
Published: May 2021

This paper reports on investigating pre-service English teachers’ perceptions on the use of multimedia in  EFL teaching and learning process: pedagogically implication. This research aimed to investigate the pre-service English teachers’ perception toward the use of multimedia in EFL teaching and learning process and to observe kind of multimedia are used by the pre-service English teachers’ in EFL teaching and learning process. The participant of this research was the 63 senior students of English Department Galuh University. The questionnaire and interview were the instruments used in this research to collect the data. Survey monkey application was used in analyzing the questionnaire by displaying it into the figure and data interpretation based on the answer from a close-ended questionnaire, while the data from telephone interviews were analyzed by displaying data interpretation from the interviewees. After having the findings, the research showed that the students had a positive attitude towards multimedia. Most of the participants agreed that they like multimedia because it helped them in the teaching and learning process. In this era, we can easily found multimedia. PowerPoint, YouTube Videos, Podcast, Canva, PowToon, Picture, CALL, MALL, Digital Comic, Song, PowToon, and Movie are some the kinds of multimedia that can be used by pre-service English teachers' as the solution to make the learning process more interesting and enhance the students' language pedagogy. This research concludes that using multimedia in the teaching and learning process was important to improve their achievements, understanding, performances, and to achieve objectives of language pedagogy.
Male and Female Students’ Perception on the Use of Popular Song to Improve Students’ Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Rachmawati Etika , Apollonia Rita , Meila Imelda Ratna
Published: May 2021

This study was aimed to investigate the students’ perception and the teacher’s way to teach popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery. The sample of the study was 32 first year students in Vocasional higt school.A qualitative case study was employed, the data were obtained through the observation and questionnaire. Then, the data from the observations were analyzed by transcribing the whole of the activity in classroom and data from questionnaire were presented into percentage. The researcher described the data of the observation qualitatively. In the present study, the researcher proposed three research questions: (1) How does the teacher use popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery at English club? (2) What are male students’ perceptions on the use of popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery? And (3) What are female students’ perceptions on the use of popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery?  In responding to the first research question, it was found that the teacher  used audio technique such as music in teaching vocabulary. Furthermore, the result of second and third research question found that male and female students agreed that popular song could improve students’ vocabulary mastery, it can be seen from the questionnaire. It showed that students got new vocabularies after listening,  learning and reading popular song because it had many new vocabularies and easy to understand. Based on the conclusion, this study suggests that the teachers who teach English, teaching English need various technique, method, and approach that have to apply in teaching learning process in order to give new atmosphere for the students. Using popular song as one of the solution to solve that problem has to be developed by the teachers because there are some activities that could make teaching learning English more fun and enjoyable especially in improving students’ vocabulary mastery because it is rich with vocabularies. Furthermore, the students have to learn deeply about the component of English and learning vocabulary in order to make them mastering English.
Students’ Problems in Answering Reading Comprehension Question of Descriptive Text in The “Mandiri” Textbook Published by Erlangga at SMPN 1 Kepahiang
Authors: Diana Meri , Syahrial Syahrial , Yunita Wisma
Published: May 2021

This research aimed to find out the students’ problems in answering reading comprehension questions of descriptive text in the “Mandiri” textbook published and the causes of students’ problems in answering reading comprehension questions of descriptive text in the “Mandiri” textbook published by Erlangga at SMPN 1 Kepahiang. The design of this research was a descriptive quantitative research. This research was designed based on the problems identified and arranged to adjust the main purpose of the research, so that the researcher employed descriptive method. The researcher took 50 students as the sample of this research. The instruments of this study were reading test and interview guideline. The researcher used a reading test in multiple choice forms consisted of fourty numbers of questions included in Mandiri textbook published by Erlangga. Another instrument was an interview guideline. The interview guideline was arranged based on the result of the reading test to reconfirm the result of the reading test and to get an indepth data on the causes of students’ difficulties in reading comprehension. The findings of this research were; (1) the students’ problems in answering reading comprehension questions of descriptive text in the “Mandiri” textbook published by Erlangga at SMPN 1 Kepahiang were finding main idea, identifying specific information, inference, and vocabulary; (2) there were four causes of students’ problems in answering reading comprehension questions of descriptive text in the “Mandiri” textbook published by Erlangga at SMPN 1 Kepahiang; (a) finding main idea is rather complicated, the students need to read the text repeatly to find the main idea; (b) the students need to read from the beginning to finish this description so that they can get the information and answer the questions given; (c) to find inferences they must know the text well and clearly; (d) There are some words that they find difficult to understand and they have never met. They answered that there are some words which are not familiar to them.
Stylistic Analysis on William Blake's The Little Boy Lost
Authors: Ardhani Olyvia Vita
Published: May 2021

This research presented the stylistic analysis of a poem by William Blake, The Little Boy Lost. The poem was chosen as it becomes Blake's one of well-known poems in his Song of Innocence. Moreover, this poem uses simple structure and dictions, but it conveys a profound meaning. This research aimed: (1) to discover how the language level in the poem used and (2) to find out the interpretation of the poem. The stylistic analysis aimed at observing the meaning of either literary or non-literary text by the language device used. The researcher conducted a data population method in analyzing the poem. There were four language levels to achieve the goal; they were phonological, graphological, lexical, and syntactic level (Verdonk: 2002). In the phonological level, assonance, consonance, and alliteration were used to emphasize important words. In the graphological level, the comma in the last line of stanza 1 is prominent to distinguish the different speakers. In the lexical level, metaphor was used to voice the little boy's hopes to find enlightenment to get out of his difficulties. Meanwhile, symbolism conveys a deeper meaning than the literal meaning. In the syntactic level, the tenses switching used to emphasize the different speakers and the comma in the graphological level; and the word repetition used to create the little boy's sense of innocence.
The Authentic Assessment Based on Curriculum 2013 Carried by EFL Teacher
Authors: Sari Yeni Novita , Risnawati Risnawati , Afriani Zelvia Liska
Published: May 2021

In 2013 curriculum that is a new technique to students assessment. It is know as called authentic assessment. The purpose of this study is to describe the ability of English teachers at SMAN 04 Kota Bengkulu in applying authentic assessment in classroom learning activities. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Researcher used three instruments, namely interview, observation, and documentation in collecting data. The English teachers at SMAN 04 Kota Bengkulu are already quite good at applying authentic assessment in English learning Activities. Application of authentic, the researcher uses a table equipped with nine indicators to optimize the understanding of the teacher in learning activities in the classroom. The results of observations in the classroom indicate that the authentic assessment carried out by the teacher shows that it is quite successful, which is included in the satisfaying category. It can be said that the two English teachers at SMAN 04 Kota Bengkulu were able to fulfill and implement authentic assessment. Research suggest that authentic assessment measures should take serious care. Then English teachers really need a lot of training to make them understand better in implementing authentic assessment.
An Analysis on English Teacher Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension
Authors: Saputri Yulia Ade , Rizal Syamsul , Afriani Zelvia Liska
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze what strategies the teacher used in teaching reading comprehension and how the teacher applies the strategies used in teaching reading comprehension. The subjects of this study were teacher who taught English at SMAN 10 Kota Bengkulu . This type of research is designed as descriptive qualitative research. To collect data in the study,  researcher used Checklist Observation, Interview as an instrument in collected data and documentation. The procedure of this research is by means of researchers coming and participating in seeing and understanding how the teacher teaches reading comprehension in the classroom. The results of the study found that the two strategies used by the teacher, Scaffolding and QARs (Question Answers Relationship). Scaffolding strategy students can develop ideas that can be read by students and make students confident in reading comprehension. QARs (Question Answer Relationship), the teacher is able to know the extent to which students understand what the teacher has given them and the limits of the students' ability to do assignments after reading the text that has been given. Thus, it can be concluded that the teacher is good enough to implement this strategy in the classroom, but was slightly hindered by its application during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Teacher’s Pedagogic Competence in Teaching English at Secondary School Level
Authors: Purnama Nelza Gita , Risnawati Risnawati , Lismayanti Detti
Published: May 2021

Pedagogical Competence is one kind of competencies that completely need to be mastered by teachers. Pedagogical competence refers to educational and teaching qualifications. One of the qualifications, the teachers should have the ability to manage and run the process of teaching and learning in the classroom. The aims of study are to know how the teacher’s pedagogical competence in teaching English. This study used Descriptive approach using mix method and the data were structured observation, questionnaire, and interview. The subjects of this study are an English teacher and 36 students of SMPN 16 Bengkulu Selatan. The findings of this study showed that the pedagogical competence of student is enough in medium category in can be seen at data interview and observation, and supported with the score of students’ perception on teachers’ pedagogical competence in teaching English were 27.2. The forms include: comprehend the qualities of understudies, this is finished utilizing an individual methodology, learning procedures, learning techniques, and learning materials that suit with students need. For aspects of teacher understanding of learning theory and learning principles which emphasizes very much on manuals, for the parts of educational program advancement educators just comprehend a little about the standards of educational plan improvement. Instructors aggregate schedule and exercise plans dependent on MGP. Based on the results of this study, the researcher suggested to the teachers that they should try to improve their strategy and competence when teaching in the class. The main problem of English Teachers are focusing only on the book instruction, not using English while teaching, and just giving the learners assignments without giving explanation in advance. There are also the solutions of all the problems like joining learning seminar or teacher forum.
Implementation of Character Education in EFL Class
Authors: Hidayat Sandra , Martina Feny , Akbarjono Ali
Published: May 2021

This study aims to explore the implementation of character education values based on the five main values of strengthening character education. The method employed in this study was descriptive qualitative. The sample consisted of two English teachers in SMAN 4 Mukomuko. The researcher used 5 main values of character education as the research limitation in conducting this study.  The technique of data collection were observation, interview, and documentation. The result of this study shows that teachers in SMAN 4 Mukomuko have implemented the 5 main values in strengthening character education, such as religion, nationalism, integrity, independence, and mutual cooperation value. The teachers show and teach the value of character education in the school well. They have been carried out quite well in the teaching and learning process.  Although there were obstacles faced by teachers at SMAN 4 Mukomuko, the school were also constantly looking for solution to overcome the problems by strengthening teachers cooperation and building good relationship between parents of student and SMAN 4 Mukomuko.
Analysis of Supplementary Reading Material Based on Students’ Preference
Authors: Darmayanti Vavia , Syahrial Syahrial , Yunita Wisma
Published: May 2021

The  aims  of  this study were to find out the types of text of supplementary reading material chosen by students based on their preference and to investigate the students’ reasons in choosing the types of text of supplementary reading material at grade VIII of SMPN 1 Kepahiang. This research was categorized as descriptive quantitative and qualitative research. The subjects were the students of grade VIII who are chosen by using semi random sampling. The data was collected by using text types list and open ended questions. The researcher asked the students to choose types of text which were prefered by them, from total 50 texts the students must choose twenty texts. Then, to know the reason why they chose those texts, the researcher did an open ended questions to 20 students randomly.  There were two findings of this research; (1) the type of text for supplementary reading material chosen by mostly students based on their preference at grade VIII of SMPN 1 Kepahiang was narrative text; (2) there were three students’ reasons in choosing the types of text for supplementary reading material at grade VIII of SMPN 1 Kepahiang, they were; the narrative text contains some stories which can entertain them, the narrative text is interesting to read, and the narrative text is easy to understand. Due to the limited sample taken in this research and the situation on Covid-19, it was suggested for further researcher to conduct similar research in more numbers of sample by conducting research in the classroom directly.
A Content Analysis of Character Education Values in the English Students’ Textbooks for Senior High School in Indonesia
Authors: Renette Rutela , Safnil Safnil , Yunita Wisma
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to find out a content analysis of character values in the English students’ textbooks for senior high school 10th grade, 11th grade and 12th grade and the dominant differences of character from all the books. This research employed qualitative method by using content analysis. For this research mainly character values in the textbooks was carried out. The data in this research were all passages that taken from the three English sudents’ textbooks for senior high school. This research used observation check list as the instruments to evaluate coursebooks in an effective and practical way. The researcher has analyzed the data based character values found on the three books. And all of the dominants character values that the researcher were found.
Association of single-­nucleotide polymorphisms rs10867772, rs4700290 with sudden cardiac death
Authors: Ivanova A. A. , Malyutina S. K. , Novoselov V. P. , Rodina I. A. , Khamovich O. V. , Maximov V. N.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the research is to verify the association with sudden cardiac death (SCD) of single nucleotide polymorphisms rs10867772 and rs4700290, identified as new molecular genetic markers of SCD in the own genome-wide pooled allelotyping.

Material and methods. Case-control study. The SCD group is formed using the criteria of the European Society of Cardiology from the DNA bank of suddenly deceased residents of the Oktyabrsky district of Novosibirsk (n = 437, average age—53.1 ± 9.0 years, men — 73.5%, women — 26.5%) The control group (n = 405, average age 53.2 ± 9.2 years, men — 70.0%, women — 30.0%) is formed from the DNA bank of participants of MONICA and HAPIEE projects. DNA was isolated by phenol-­chloroform extraction from myocardial tissue in the SCD group and venous blood in the control group. Genotyping was performed by the PCR-RFLP method.

Results. No statistical significance was found in allele and genotype frequencies of rs10867772 and rs4700290 between groups, even in separating in sex and age (p> 0.05). Conclusion. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs10867772 and rs4700290 are not associated with SCD.
Rupture of right non-communicating horn of bicornuate uterus with twin pregnancy
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, M.L.N Medical College, Allahabad, India, Ruchi Verma , Shweta Patel ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, M.L.N Medical College, Allahabad, India, Neha Mishra ,   Senior Resident, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Veena Gupta ,   Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, M.L.N Medical College, Allahabad, India
Published: May 2021

The rupture of uterus in first and second trimester is very rare and mostly associated with uterine anomalies or cornual pregnancy. Bicornuate uterus (BU) is a uterine anomaly results from incomplete fusion of the two Mullerian ducts during embryogenesis. Here we are presenting a case of primigravida in the second trimester (20 weeks) as ruptured ectopic pregnancy in emergency. Laparotomy showed BU with twin pregnancy in the ruptured non communicating right horn. Right horn excision was done. This case highlights the twin pregnancy in non-communicating horn of uterus and its rupture in early pregnancy. Cases with non-communicating horn are reported but twin pregnancy in noncommunicating horn is a rare one. In asymptomatic women, the presence of bicornuate uterus may not be detected until during pregnancy or delivery. In case of pregnancy in rudimentary horn, early sonographic diagnosis has a major contribution in evaluation and management. Treatment usually involved is resection of the ruptured horn. Since the scar is present on the uterus, it is important to avoid pregnancy for at least 1 year.
Contemporary Medical Practices at National Health Service (NHS)
Authors: Brunet Marisela R.
Published: May 2021

The main aim of this study was to determine the impact of Brexit on the NHS service. Other objectives included an examination of some of the challenges that the NHS system might face while striving to assure better health outcomes in the post-Brexit era, as well as recommend some of the strategies that the institution could implement towards addressing the perceived challenges with which Brexit might be associated. Imperative to note is that the study employed the Games Theory to explain some of the effects that a country’s withdrawal from a continental bloc could have on its public service; including the health sector. It is further notable that this study relied on secondary data to collect and analyze information regarding the current and future impact of Brexit on the NHS. Indeed, most of the findings concurred with the current literature regarding the complexity and mixed outcomes surrounding the debate of Brexit versus NHS. On the one hand, some of the secondary sources consulted acknowledged that Brexit promises positive outcomes in terms of improved funding. Particularly, these studies contended that the £19 billion that the UK has been channeling to the EU could be redirected to other government priorities and public service in the UK, including the NHS. However, studies that argue that Brexit poses a negative impact on NHS suggest that future uncertainties surrounding the immigration status of EU-origin staff account for the mass exit. The studies hold further that the departure might lead to a significant increase in vacancy rates, with the cost of training nurses and doctors to replace the departing groups documented to exceed that which the UK would have incurred to import trained workers. Therefore, lasting solutions lie in the provision of adequate resources, political will, and the involvement of EU staff in feedback provision, cost-effective analyses of response strategies, and regular seminars and conferences that seek to sensitize workforces regarding the criticality of aligning their personal goals to the overall mission and vision of NHS. Whereas Brexit’s uncertainties reflect a looming crisis at the NHS, the manner in which senior leaders and managers will transform challenges into opportunities for improvement will shape the ability of the institution to emerge victorious.
Remote Sensing Image Recognition Based on Multi-attention Residual Fusion Networks
Authors: Cai Weiwei , Wei Zhanguo , Liu Runmin , Zhuang Yuan , Wang Yan , Ning Xin
Published: May 2021

Since each sample in a hyperspectral remote sensing image is made up of high-dimensional features and contains a wealth of remote sensing features, feature selection and mining become more difficult. To address this issue, a multi-attention residual integrated network (MARB-Net) algorithm is proposed, which reduces redundant features while increasing feature fusion and, as a result, improves hyperspectral image recognition. First, assign multiple weights to each feature using multiple attention mechanism models; then, deep mine and integrate the features using the residual network; and finally, perform contextual semantic integration on the deep fusion features using the Bi-LSTM network. The recognition task should be completed by the Softmax classifier. The experimental results on three multi-class public data sets show that the MARB-Net algorithm proposed in this paper is effective.
A Biomimetic Covering Learning Method Based on Principle of Homology Continuity
Authors: Ning Xin , Wang Yuebao , Tian Weijuan , Liu Liang , Cai Weiwei
Published: May 2021

The Principle of Homology Continuity (PHC) based covering learning method is an effective method to solve the pattern recognition problem. However, PHC and the existence of optimal coverage are not mathematical proven. To address this issue, we firstly give the mathematical description and theoretical proof of PHC. On this basis, the theoretical definition of optimal coverage is introduced. Optimal coverage can determine the internal connections among samples as prior knowledge and use covering neurons to learn prior knowledge. Finally, we propose a kind of covering neuron model, and the effectiveness of which is demonstrated through extensive experiments conducted on the CIFAR-10, LFW, and YTF datasets.
Risk Factors Associated With Extended Length of Hospital Stay After Geriatric Hip Fracture
Authors: Schneider Andrew M. , Denyer Steven , Brown Nicholas M.
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Within the geriatric hip fracture population, there exists a subset of patients whose length of inpatient hospital stay is excessive relative to the average. A better understanding of the risk factors associated with this group would be of value so that targeted prevention efforts can be properly directed. The goal of this study was to identify and characterize the risk factors associated with an extended length of hospital stay (eLOS) in the geriatric hip fracture population. In addition, a statistical model was created to predict the probability of eLOS in a geriatric hip fracture patient.

Methods:

The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005 to 2018) was searched for patients aged ≥65 years who underwent hip fracture surgery. Patients with a hospital stay greater than or equal to 14 days were considered to have an eLOS. A multivariate logistic regression model using 24 patient characteristics from two-thirds of the study population was created to determine independent risk factors predictive of having an eLOS; the remaining one-third of the population was used for internal model validation. Regression analyses were performed to determine preoperative and postoperative risk factors for having an eLOS.

Results:

A total of 77,144 patients were included in the study. Preoperatively, male sex, dyspnea, ventilator use, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, American Society of Anesthesiologist class 3 and 4, and increased admission-to-operation time were among the factors associated with higher odds of having an eLOS (all P < 0.001). Postoperatively, patients with acute renal failure had the highest likelihood of eLOS (odds ratio [OR] 7.664), followed by ventilator use >48 hours (OR 4.784) and pneumonia (OR 4.332).

Discussion:

Among geriatric hip fracture patients, particular efforts should be directed toward optimizing those with preoperative risk factors for eLOS. Preemptive measures to target the postoperative complications with the strongest eLOS association may be beneficial for both the patient and the healthcare system as a whole.
Badania poziomu oraz wyznaczenie mechanizmu degradacji wielokrotnie przetwarzanego poliwęglanu
Authors: Kisilewicz Michał , Tomkiewicz Marcin , Szatkowski Piotr
Published: May 2021

Problemy związane z przetwarzaniem termoplastycznych tworzyw sztucznych po zakończeniu okresu ich użytkowania lub odpadów poprodukcyjnych są bardzo istotne, głównie ze względu na ochronę środowiska naturalnego. Corocznie na rynek wprowadzane są olbrzymie ilości nowych termoplastów, w tym poliwęglanu (PC). Znaczna część wprowadzanych na rynek polimerów termoplastycznych po okresie użytkowania trafia na wysypiska śmieci. Dzieje się tak, chociaż istnieją możliwości powtórnego przetwarzania i ponownego wykorzystania termoplastów. Zaobserwowano jednak, że recyklaty z poliwęglanu nie są popularne. W opracowaniu przebadano i przedstawiono zależność i zmiany parametrów właściwości mechanicznych w funkcji wielokrotności przetwarzania poprodukcyjnych odpadów płyt poliwęglanowych. Analizie poddano sposób przetwórstwa oraz metodę otrzymywania granulatu z kolejno przetworzonych próbek poliwęglanu. Uwzględniono wpływ możliwych rodzajów degradacji tworzywa sztucznego w trakcie przetwórstwa i jego wpływ na spadek parametrów mechanicznych.
Cost and Benefit Analysis of Installing Fiber Optics on INDOT Projects
Authors: Iyer Ananth V. , Labi Samuel , Dunlop Steven , Brady Jr. Thomas , Amijaya Eki
Published: May 2021

The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is tasked with the stewardship of billions of dollars’ worth of public invested highway infrastructure. Not only does INDOT continually seek design and operational policies that foster cost effective project delivery and procurement, they also seek opportunities for revenue generation. Due to population growth and the increased demand for online connectivity and global information transmission, the fiber-optic cable industry has experienced rapid growth over the past few years. Information and communication technology (ICT) companies have long sought to achieve higher economic productivity by installing fiber-optic cables in the right of way (ROW) of access-controlled highways. Based on these developments, an experiment was conducted to measure the economic impact in Indiana. To determine this impact, a database was developed by compartmentalizing the analysis into (1) GDP per county per industry type, (2) the natural growth of GDP as a factor, and (3) the extent of contribution of broadband in the growth of GDP. A general formula was developed to incorporate the adjusted median income on both the industry and county levels, along with a broadband contribution factor. This formula was employed to determine policies that can produce optimum economic outcome by leveraging the Pareto method.
Pharmacological Investigation of Genus Pistacia
Authors: Rauf Abdur , S. Al-Awthan Yahya , Muhammad Naveed , Mukarram Shah Muhammad , Mitra Saikat , Bin Emran Talha , Bahattab Omar , S. Mubarak Mohammad
Published: May 2021

Several plants in the genus Pistacia are used in the treatment of various pathogenic and non-pathogenic disorders. Especially important are the major species belonging to this genus such as Pistacia lentiscus, Pistacia atlantica, Pistacia vera, Pistacia terebinthus, and Pistacia khinjuk, among others; these have been reported for their potential benefits both in medical and commercial purposes. In addition, members of this genus exhibit numerous ethnomedicinal uses, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihypertension, antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, and antiasthma. In light of these potential uses, the present chapter aimed to collect and summarize the literature about all of this medicinal information. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on the pharmacological uses and benefits of the genus Pistacia, especially those related to health issues.
The Early Development of the Vaccinia–Rabies Recombinant Vaccine Raboral®
Authors: Lathe Richard , Paule Kieny Marie
Published: May 2021

The recombinant vaccinia–rabies vaccine, now known as Raboral®, has been widely used in Europe and North America to control/eliminate rabies in the principal wildlife vectors, and thus prevent human transmission. The origins of this vaccine are sometimes forgotten, although the formulation has not changed substantially in almost four decades. This groundbreaking vaccine was assembled by a team at a very young (at that time) genetic engineering company, Transgène, in Strasbourg, France. The joint leaders of the rabies vaccine team reflect, 36 years later, on the trials and tribulations that went hand in hand with the construction of the vaccine.
Estimation of Hidden Energy Losses
Authors: Pleskach Borys
Published: May 2021

Most industrial or municipal energy consumers involve the conversion of electricity, either into useful products or into other types of energy. For example, lighting systems, heating systems, air or water supply systems. And in all such systems there are energy losses, which can be divided into open, or technological and hidden, or abnormal. Open losses are inherent in the technological process itself and depend on the principle of energy conversion, flow conditions, the type of equipment received, and so on. Hidden losses in the technological system occur accidentally due to the appearance of defects in the equipment, erroneous actions of personnel, changes in uncontrolled external conditions. The paper considers a method of detecting and estimating hidden energy losses, based on the analysis of energy consumption precedents and building a decision support system aimed at eliminating such energy losses. Models of energy consumption precedents are formed on the basis of controlled technological parameters and their statistical estimates. In the future, local standards of efficient energy consumption are formed from individual precedents. The advantage of this method of estimating latent energy losses is the adaptation of standards of efficient energy consumption to the conditions of the consumer.
Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Supra-scapular Plus Axillary Nerve Block with Interscalene Block for Postoperative Pain Management in Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery; A Double-Blinded Randomized Open-Label Clinical Trial
Authors: Faiz Seyed Hamid Reza , Mohseni Masood , Imani Farnad , Attaee Mohamad Kazem , Movassaghi Shima , Rahimzadeh Poupak
Published: May 2021

Background: Post-arthroscopic shoulder surgery pain is severe enough to interfere with initial recovery and rehabilitation. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the analgesic effects of postoperative ultrasound-guided suprascapular plus axillary nerve blocks superficial subepidermal axon bundles (SSAB) with interscalene block (ISB) in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Methods: In this single-blind randomized, open-label clinical trial, 80 candidates of elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomly allocated to receive either SSAB or ISB at a postoperative care unit. The severity of resting and changing position pain was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 4h, 8h, 12h, 16h, and 24h, postoperatively. Timing of first opioid request, 24h dose requirement, patients' satisfaction rate, and side effects were also recorded. All registered data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 for Windows (SPSS, Chicago, IL). Results: Resting and changing position pain scores were comparable between SSAB and ISB groups in the most time intervals. At 12h, moving and resting pain was significantly lower in ISB than SSAB group, while moving pain was more severe in ISB group at 24h assessment. Patient satisfaction scores were comparable between the two groups except for 12h assessment. Time to first analgesic requirement and total dose of 24h opioid requirement were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Suprascapular plus axillary nerve block could be an effective and safe alternative for interscalene block for pain management after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and Human Herpesvirus Type 8 among Prostate Cancer Patients Compared to Cancer-Free Men
Authors: Ohadian Moghadam Solmaz , Mansori Kamyar , Nowroozi Mohammad Reza , Afshar Davoud , Nowroozi Ali
Published: May 2021

Background: As one of the most prevalent cancers in men, prostate cancer is a condition with multiple causes. Viral infections have been identified as one of the major sources of elevated incidence of prostate cancer. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to assess the association of the risk of prostate cancer and its aggressiveness with seropositivity of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) and/or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Methods: Totally, 103 men with prostate cancer as cases and 81 healthy individuals as controls were included in this case-control analysis and provided a serum sample. The specific IgG antibodies against HSV-2 and HHV-8 were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To determine the association between HSV-2, HHV-8, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and demographic variables with incidence of prostate cancer, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied. Results: The results of the univariate logistic regression model showed a statistically significant association between HSV-2 and HHV-8 seropositivity, PSA level, age, and smoking with prostate cancer incidence (P ≤ 0.20). The multivariate logistic regression model results after adjusting for the potential confounding variables showed a significant statistical association between the mean of PSA level [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.44; 95% CI: 2.15 - 5.51; P < 0.001) and incidence of prostate cancer. Moreover, the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression model showed a significant statistical association between age [adjusted OR: 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81 - 0.95; P = 0.001] and HSV-2 and also significant statistical association was found between PSA (adjusted OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.005 - 1.03; P = 0.006) and HHV-8. Conclusions: Although the seroprevalence of HSV-2 and HHV-8 was higher in patients with prostate cancer than in the control group, it cannot be concluded that there is a significant association between the seropositivity of these viruses and prostate cancer incidence. However, the findings showed a significant statistical association between age and seropositivity of HSV-2 and also a significant statistical association between PSA levels and seropositivity of HHV-8.
Packed Cell Transfusion and Feeding Tolerance in Healthy Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kazemian Mohammad , Fallahi Minoo , Hojat Kashani Saeed , Tajalli Saleheh , Taslimi Taleghani Naeeme
Published: May 2021

Background: Recently, the correlation between necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and packed cell transfusion (PCT) has been identified. Evidence shows that 25 - 35% of NEC cases are associated with PCT. Objectives: this study aimed to determine the association between PCT and feeding tolerance in healthy preterm newborns. Methods: Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed on preterm infants, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Mofid Children's Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2017 to May 2018. A total of 70 healthy premature infants (birth weight < 1500 g and gestational age < 32 weeks) with enteral feeding, who required PCT, were included in this study. The eligible infants were divided into two groups by block randomization. In the intervention group (n = 35), breastfeeding was withheld only during PCT and then continued as usual. On the other hand, in the control group (n = 35), feeding was performed as usual, regardless of PCT. Feeding tolerance within the first 72 hours post-transfusion was compared between the two groups. Sick newborns were excluded from the study. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20. Results: The mean gestational age, birth weight, and postnatal age of the neonates were 30.13 weeks, 1245.71 g, and 17 days in the intervention group and 29.97 weeks, 1169.43 g, and 15.46 days in the control group, respectively; there was no significant difference between the two groups. Except for pre-transfusion hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, other characteristics of the two groups were similar. Feeding tolerance was reported in 32 (91.2%), 33 (94.73%), and 34 (97.1%) newborns at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-transfusion in both groups, without any significant difference. There was no significant difference between neonates with and without feeding tolerance in either of the groups. Conclusions: According to the present results, withholding feeding during PCT is not necessary in healthy preterm neonates with a good general condition, and continued breastfeeding seems to be a safe option.
Review the bamboo-feeding genus Arcofaciella Fennah, 1956 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae) with description of a new species from India
Authors: Li Hong-Xing , Chen Xiang-Sheng , Yang Lin
Published: May 2021

The planthopper genus Arcofaciella Fennah, 1956 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae) is reviewed. Four species are recognized, of which A. obflexa Guo & Liang, 2005 and A. verrucosa Fennah, 1956 are redescribed, and one new species, A. indiana sp. nov., is described. Habitus photos for adults and illustrations of male genitalia (excluding A. penangensis (Muir, 1919)) are given. A key for identifying the species of Arcofaciella is also provided.
Encuesta sobre nación y supranacionalidad
Authors: Aláez Corral Benito , Biglino Campos Paloma , Blanco Valdés Roberto , Castella Andreu Josep M.ª , López Basaguren Alberto , Seijas Villadangos Esther
Published: May 2021

En esta encuesta un grupo de profesores de Derecho Constitucional contestan un conjunto de preguntas sobre el concepto de nación, el papel que ha desempeñado tal concepto en el desarrollo histórico del constitucionalismo y en el desarrollo de los movimientos nacionalistas, y la relación actual que mantiene con la idea de constitución; sobre el significado del término «nación» en la constitución española, y el del término «nacionalidades»; y, finalmente, sobre la idea de supranacionalidad que define el proceso de integración europea y su relación con el concepto de nación.In this academic survey a group of Constitutional Law Professors answer some questions about the concept of nation, its role in the historical evolution of constitutionalism and of nationalist movements, and its relation nowadays with the idea of constitution; about the meaning of the term «nation» in the Spanish constitution and of the term «nationalities»; and finally about the idea of supranationality that defines the European integration process and its relationship with the concept of nation.