bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extração e gerenciamento de incidentes em SIEM
Authors: Neu Charles , Trebien Evandro , Bertoglio Daniel , Lunardi Roben , Zorzo Avelino
Published: May 2021

Atualmente, o número e a diversidade de dispositivos conectados à internet continua aumentando. Consequentemente, o gerenciamento de segurança se tornou um grande desafio. Desta forma, o Gerenciamento de Eventos e Segurança da Informação (SIEM) pode ajudar a coletar e analisar eventos gerados por diferentes ferramentas de gerenciamento. No entanto, muitas vezes, estas ferramentas, dependem de uma força-tarefa humana especializada para analisar cada evento e fornecer uma decisão de acordo com o incidente. Além disso, o gerenciamento de alertas gerado geralmente não é eficiente nas soluções atuais. A fim de ajudar a lidar com essas questões, este artigo apresenta uma abordagem para gerenciar incidentes através de tickets relacionados a eventos crítico de segurança, seguindo o processo de Gerenciamento de Incidentes da Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL).
BUC: Beneficiador de Usuários Conscientes em Grades
Authors: Corrêa Geremias , A. Pillon Maurício
Published: May 2021

Com o crescimento da computação em grade, possuindo prioridades que variam conforme o contexto e, portanto, nos algoritmos de escalonamento que nela atuam, elaborar otimizações que maximizem a qualidade da disposição dos recursos e minimizem os gastos indesejados é essencial. Com isso, é construído um modelo baseado no nível de confiança do usuário, a partir de um algoritmo que reposiciona as filas de acordo com essa informação, ajudando os usuários precisos em detrimento dos não precisos. Busca-se também, através disso, conscientizar os usuários no envio de informações mais acertadas. Os resultados obtidos tem um retorno positivo de redução do tempo de espera desses usuários mais precisos em até 93%
Análise de requisitos de identificação e autorização para dispositivos e gateways de borda em IIoT
Authors: Silva Sergio Henrique , C. Miers Charles
Published: May 2021

O uso de dispositivos inteligentes para as mais diversas atividades humanas fez emergir o conceito como IoT e também de IIoT quando estes dispositivos são aplicados a indústria. A gestão de identidades e segurança em ambientes IIoT tem limitações e especificidades que resultam em complexidade. O trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e estabelecer critérios que podem mensurar a aplicabilidade de uma abordagem de gestão de identidades em dispositivos aos cenários IIoT. Propõe-se uma análise de requisitos e da arquitetura em IIoT para a identificação de critérios, que posteriormente serão avaliados por experimentos para serem então estabelecidos como válidos.
Classificação do tráfego de rede do serviço de mensageria do OpenStack
Authors: W. Donatti Adnei , C. Miers Charles , P. Koslovski Guilherme
Published: May 2021

As nuvens computacionais usualmente são estudadas sobre aspectos que afetam diretamente seus usuários, deixando de lado o levantamento de informações sobre a operacionalização e funcionamento interno dos provedores de nuvem. Neste sentido, o presente artigo traz uma proposta de caracterização do tráfego de rede do serviço de mensageria do OpenStack. O conhecimento e entendimento desta tecnologia e de seu impacto em implantações de nuvens OpenStack é parte fundamental no planejamento da infraestrutura da nuvem. Além disso, a caracterização do tráfego produzido pelo serviço de mensageria do OpenStack ajuda a identificar aplicações e serviços em execução no momento em que são realizadas tarefas específicas na nuvem, e.g., criar uma instância de máquina virtual (MV).
Análise de segurança entre contêineres Docker implementados em Linux e Windows
Authors: M. Pennacchi Raphael , C. Miers Charles
Published: May 2021

O uso do contêineres recebeu uma maior atenção por ser uma solução baseada em virtualização alternativa às máquinas virtuais, realizando o encapsulamento de processos visando uma relação melhor de consumo de recursos computacionais e desempenho. Entre as soluções disponíveis de virtualização conteinerizadas, o Docker obteve uma maior preferência de uso. O Docker foi inicialmente um software de soluções de contêineres desenvolvido para o sistema operacional GNU/Linux. A Microsoft adentrou no mercado disponibilizando a o Docker Windows para as versões de servidores e as versões de uso pessoal do seu sistema operacional. Nas versões específicas para servidores há a possibilidade de execução do Docker Windows nativamente na plataforma. Neste sentido, este artigo apresenta os resultados iniciais de uma análise de alguns aspectos de controle de recursos, segurança de imagem de contêineres e segurança na comunicação entre contêineres.
Estudo de caso sobre a implementação de técnicas de blindagem em servidores Linux baseada na detecção de vulnerabilidades e tentativas de intrusão
Authors: Sousa Álisson Wegner , Vaz Gabriel Marvel , Röpke Vinícius , Dias Lucas Vargas , Rizzetti Tiago Antonio
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo é apresentado um estudo de caso baseado na detecção de vulnerabilidades e tentativas de intrusão em uma infraestrutura de rede composta por servidores Linux, seguido do emprego de técnicas de blindagem para mitigar as ameaças existentes. Para realizar as detecções foram utilizados o scanner OpenVAS e o Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Suricata. Com a implementação das técnicas de blindagem foi possível tornar a rede mais segura, mitigando as vulnerabilidades existentes e tentativas de intrusão. Ademais, concluiu-se que o processo de identificar, compreender, solucionar e testar as soluções dessas ameaças pode ser custoso em relação ao tempo empregado. Devido a isso, há necessidade de maior automação para que o tratamento de questões relacionadas à segurança das organizações e indivíduos se torne mais rápido e eficiente.
Uma ferramenta baseada em containers Docker para experimentação em Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Barbosa Renan , Rego Paulo , Stancanelli Elvis , Maia Marcio , De Souza José
Published: May 2021

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) destina-se a melhorar a execução de aplicações em dispositivos móveis através do poder de processamento fornecido pela computação em nuvem. Diversos trabalhos da área analisam a inﬂuência das condições da rede junto à realização do ofﬂoading de processamento; porém, muitos se limitam a cenários com apenas um usuário, que não condizem com um ambiente clássico de computação em nuvem, em que múltiplos usuários interagem simultaneamente com um serviço e a demanda muda constantemente. Este trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta que utiliza containers Docker para criação de ambientes de experimentação MCC com múltiplos dispositivos móveis e cloudlets.
Autenticação Federada para IoT Aplicada a um Sistema Automático de Estacionamento
Authors: Santos Maria , Carneiro Jéssica , Franco Antônio , Teixeira Fernando , Henriques Marco , Oliveira Leonardo
Published: May 2021

Um dos grandes desaﬁos em IoT é fornecer autenticação para os dispositivos, especialmente considerando suas restrições de recursos e sua potencial mobilidade entre diferentes domínios. Apresentamos uma demonstração do FLAT, nossa solução de autenticação federada especialmente modelada para IoT. Em nossa demonstração, aplicamos o FLAT a um cenário real de aplicação: um sistema automático de estacionamento. O uso de apenas criptograﬁa simétrica no Cliente IoT e de certiﬁcados implícitos tornam o FLAT uma ferramenta leve, fornecendo segurança e privacidade na autenticação de dispositivos IoT. Esta demonstração acompanha o artigo "FLAT: Um Protocolo de Autenticação Federada para a Internet das Coisas", publicado no SBRC 2018.
Despachador de Simulações Tolerante a Falhas
Authors: Sarmento Matheus , Costa Lucas , Silva Kaio , Drummond André
Published: May 2021

Aplicações cientíﬁcas podem exigir bastante recurso computacional para que os resultados sejam alcançados. Compreender e comprovar resultados cientíﬁcos implicam na realização de análises estatísticas apropriadas. Para isso, pesquisadores normalmente necessitam realizar diversas simulações, analisando corretamente as diferenças obtidas em cada replicação. Em alguns cenários, esta situação torna a realização da pesquisa um processo oneroso. A automação deste processo implica na economia do tempo gasto tanto em conﬁguração, quanto em possíveis erros humanos na análise dos dados. Como forma de superar tais desaﬁos, este trabalho propõe um sistema de automação para o despacho de simulações com análises estatísticas dos dados. Além disso, o sistema proposto disponibiliza os recursos computacionais de forma distribuída e auxilia a organização de tarefas em um sistema distribuído, com o balanceamento de carga e com tolerância a falhas. São apresentados exemplos de execução do despachador através de uma interface intuitiva para gerenciamento do sistema e a exibição e exportação dos resultados.
BAMSDN: Uma Ferramenta para a Exploração Dinâmica e Flexível de Recursos Baseada em Modelo de Alocação de Banda e SDN/OpenFlow
Authors: Torres Eliseu , Reale Rafael , Sampaio Leobino , Martins Joberto
Published: May 2021

Modelos de alocação de banda (BAM) oferecem um mecanismo eﬁciente e prático para a alocação dinâmica e ﬂexível de recursos numa rede para classes de aplicações. Este artigo apresenta BAMSDN, uma ferramenta que, através de BAMs, aloca o recurso "banda" dinamicamente para uma rede MPLS através do paradigma SDN e protocolo OpenFlow. A ferramenta apresenta uma solução modular e de baixo custo que permite um controlador SDN gerenciar, de forma dinâmica, a alocação de LSPs (Label Switched Paths) e suas respectivas larguras de banda nas portas de saída de switches OpenFlow, sem a necessidade do desenvolvimento de uma inteligência ou engenharia de tráfego. O ambiente suporta a inclusão de múltiplos BAMs e outros módulos de engenharia de tráfego. A BAMSDN foi desenvolvida na linguagem Python e pode ser reutilizada em qualquer ambiente Linux com Mininet, OpenVswitch, OpenFlow e controlador POX para diferentes cenários de rede.
O Poder dos Caminhos Quase Mais Curtos e o Impacto da Mobilidade dos Nós em Redes Dinâmicas
Authors: Medeiros Dianne , Campista Miguel
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho investiga o impacto da mobilidade dos nós na transferência de dados em múltiplos saltos, o efeito do uso de caminhos um pouco maiores do que os mais curtos na importância relativa dos nós e o desempenho da rede na presença de falha em nós centrais. Para analisar o primeiro aspecto, propõe-se a (κ, λ)-vizinhança, que estende o conceito de vizinhança para incluir nós a múltiplos saltos, restringindo o estabelecimento de enlaces de acordo com a velocidade relativa entre os nós. Os resultados obtidos são usados no desenvolvimento de três estratégias de encaminhamento, que resultam em uma redução signiﬁcativa do consumo de recursos, sem provocar grande impacto na taxa média de entrega de pacotes. O segundo aspecto é analisado através da intermediação ρ-geodésica, uma métrica de centralidade proposta neste trabalho, que usa outros caminhos além dos mais curtos para quantiﬁcar a importância relativa dos nós. O custo desses caminhos é limitado por um fator de espalhamento ρ. O terceiro aspecto é analisado através de simulações nas quais são provocadas falhas em nós centrais. Esses nós, quando classiﬁcados segundo a métrica proposta, estão em posições menos críticas em relação à conectividade da rede. Logo, os nós mais centrais de acordo com a intermediação ρ-geodésica são mais resilientes a falhas de outros nós. Isso é essencial para determinar o papel que cada nó deve exercer para a rede.
Multipath Routing for Dual-Radio Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Ribeiro Júnior Nildo , Vieira Marcos , Vieira Luiz
Published: May 2021

The design of a Wireless Sensor Network depends signiﬁcantly on the application. For the traditional applications, such as environmental monitoring, smart buildings or agriculture, the design prioritized reducing the cost, the energy expenditure and memory usage at the expense of not having a higher throughput. Modern applications, such as surveillance or trafﬁc monitoring, usually require using cameras and transmitting video data through the network. For such applications, dual-radio platforms were developed where their design prioritizes achieving higher throughput and conserve the energy efﬁciency of In this work, we propose a multipath routing algorithm to ﬁnd the network. two disjoint paths with the same parity between a pair of nodes in the network. The new routing algorithm, combined with a forwarding scheme that alternates the radios throughout the paths, allows all nodes in the paths to use both radios in parallel all the time, doubling the throughput in comparison with a single path routing scheme. We evaluated our algorithm and forwarding scheme in a real world testbed with 100 nodes of the Opal dual-radio platform. Our scheme were able to double the throughput when compared with FastForward, the state-of-the-art protocol for dual-radio platforms, and achieve up to 96% of the theoretical limit.
Segurança em Redes Definidas por Software: Autenticação, Controle de Acesso e Consistência com Plano de Controle Eficientemente Distribuído
Authors: Mattos Diogo , Duarte Otto Carlos , Pujolle Guy
Published: May 2021

A distribuição do controle em Redes Deﬁnidas por Software melhora a segurança, o desempenho e a escalabilidade da rede ao custo de novos desaﬁos para a consistência da visão global da rede. Este trabalho apresenta as principais ameaças de segurança às redes deﬁnidas por software, propõe um mecanismo de autenticação e controle de acesso de estações ﬁnais baseado na credencial da estação, propõe uma arquitetura eﬁciente de distribuição de controladores e esquemas consistentes para a atualização de políticas em redes com controle centralizado ou distribuído. A avaliação das propostas é realizada através de protótipos, modelos formais e simulações. Os resultados demonstram que a proposta de controlador distribuído é eﬁciente na instalação e localização das instâncias dos controladores. As simulações dos esquemas de atualização de políticas mostram que o desempenho das propostas são superiores aos literatura nos cenários tanto com controle centralizado como distribuído.
Gerenciamento de IaaS utilizando um Dashboard Inteligente baseado em Ontologia e Feedbacks
Authors: Polachini Allan , Andreazi Gabriel , Estrella Júlio , Nakamura Luis H.
Published: May 2021

O crescimento acelerado da quantidade de serviços em nuvem fez com que seus usuários desenvolvessem maiores expectativas em relação à qualidade do serviço adquirido. Considerando esse fato, a ﬁnalidade deste artigo é de aprimorar a satisfação dos clientes ainda insatisfeitos com o provedor de serviços, desenvolvendo um módulo recomendador baseado no feedback de usuário. Então, neste artigo foi desenvolvida uma plataforma Web (Dashboard) que manipula a ontologia IaaSOnt, responsável por reﬂetir todo o contexto do gerenciamento de um infraestrutura como serviço (IaaS).
Klassen und Klassenkonflikte – Anmerkungen zu Andreas Reckwitz
Authors: Nachtwey Oliver
Published: May 2021

In dem Beitrag wird die kultursoziologische Klassenkonzeption von Andreas Reckwitz diskutiert. Es werden drei Kritikpunkte vorgebracht. Der erste bezieht sich auf die Gruppe prekärer Akademiker. Ihre Stellung in Reckwitz’ Klassenschema bleibt unklar. Zweitens wird argumentiert, dass eine moderne Klassentheorie neben kulturellen Faktoren nach wie vor die gesellschaftliche Struktur von Positionen und Lebenschancen berücksichtigen muss. Drittens wird für eine stärker handlungstheoretische Fundierung der Klassenanalyse plädiert, die politische Konflikte an Formen der politischen Repräsentation im politischen Feld und politische Mobilisierungen koppelt. Schließlich wird diskutiert, dass man zur Erklärung der gegenwärtigen politischen Spannungen diese nicht nur als kulturelle Konflikte, sondern auch als Konflikte um Autorität begreifen muss.
»Große Transformation« oder »Nachhaltige Nicht-Nachhaltigkeit«? Wider die Beliebigkeit sozialwissenschaftlicher Nachhaltigkeits- und Transformationstheorien
Authors: Brand Karl-Werner
Published: May 2021

Die Nachhaltigkeitsdebatte hat sich in den vergangenen zehn Jahren in eine radikalere Transformationsdebatte verwandelt. Die Sozialwissenschaften haben wenige elaborierte Theorien zum Verständnis dieses neuen Typus strukturellen Wandels und der Möglichkeiten seiner »nachhaltigen« Gestaltung. Hinzu kommt, dass Nachhaltigkeitsdiagnosen eine hohe Beliebigkeit ihrer jeweiligen Grundannahmen aufweisen. Der Beitrag versucht dem durch die Entwicklung eines analytischen Vergleichsrasters entgegenzuwirken, das die Transparenz von Nachhaltigkeitsdiagnosen erhöhen und konstruktivere Transformationsdebatten ermöglichen soll.
Zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement in der (Corona-)Krise
Authors: Springer Cornelia
Published: May 2021

Wie »systemrelevant« zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement ist, führt uns die Corona-Pandemie sehr deutlich vor Augen. Der vorliegende Beitrag nimmt die gravierenden Herausforderungen in den Blick, mit denen sich Dritte-Sektor-Organisationen seit Beginn der Corona-Krise konfrontiert sehen, aber auch mögliche Chancen, die sich in dieser Krisensituation für Ehrenamt und Engagement abzeichnen.
Zugang zur transkulturellen Blackbox: Implikationen der transkulturellen Perspektive für die Praxis Sozialer Professionen
Authors: Brizay Ulrike
Published: May 2021

Wolfgang Welsch forcierte in den 1990er Jahren mit dem Konzept der Transkulturalität ein konstruktivistisches Kulturverständnis. Obwohl dieses Konzept Chancen für die Praxis Sozialer Professionen beinhaltet, wurde es in den letzten Jahrzehnten nicht hinreichend rezipiert. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie die transkulturelle Perspektive in der Arbeit mit Klient*innen umgesetzt werden kann.
Soziale Arbeit nach traumatischen Erfahrungen
Authors: Gebrande Julia
Published: May 2021

You may be faced with the consequences of traumatic events in many fields of social work: child maltreatment, physical, psychic or sexual abuse, accidents, natural disasters, wars and fleeings and many other shattering events are shaping the experiences of many clients. In this textbook the basics of psychotraumatology, concepts of trauma-related counselling and pedagogy as well as ideas of self-care are provided in a clearly arranged and comprehensible way. It presents helpful suggestions to students and social workers on how to interact with people after traumatic experiences. If you like to learn methods and get to know materials for stabilisation that improves the coping and recovery for kids, youth and adults in the daily life, this book is written for you.

Julia Gebrande is professor for social work studies after she gained a varied experience in dealing with trauma as a social worker.
Informationsrepertoires von Menschen mit Beeinträchtigungen
Authors: Haage Anne
Published: May 2021

This study examines the participation of people with disabilities in public communication from a user's perspective. To this end, research instruments from two disciplines were combined: the ICF classification system from inclusion research and the scope of information approach from media studies. On the one hand, this approach enables the author to measure the diversity of media use in a user-centred way and, on the other hand, to include the entire range of context factors in the search for barriers to and facilitators of participation in public communication, not just barriers in the media. With the help of a cluster analysis of typical ranges of information, the author is able to identify constellations that particularly enable or disable such participation.
55-year-old Male with Fatigue
Authors: Nichols Jennifer , Guyther Jennifer , Bontempo Laura , Dezman Zachary
Published: May 2021

This clinicopathological case presentation from the University of Maryland details the initial assessment and management of a 55-year-old, dialysis-dependent man with fatigue. We present how one of our emergency medicine faculty develops her differential when faced with this complaint. She describes how she arrives at the suspected diagnosis and the test she believes is needed to prove her hypothesis. The final surprising diagnosis is then revealed.
Adolescent Male with Severe Groin Pain Due to Traumatic Injury
Authors: Ohno Hirofumi , Takeda Shinsuke , Mitsuya So , Yamauchi Ken-ichi
Published: May 2021

Case Presentation: A 14-year-old boy presented to the emergency department complaining of severe groin pain on the right side following a minor fall. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hematoma in his right iliacus muscle. He was diagnosed with a traumatic iliacus hematoma, and he recovered spontaneously with short-term oral analgesics.

Discussion: Traumatic iliacus hematomas are rare entities and subside with conservative management in most cases. However, this condition may be associated with femoral nerve palsy, and surgery is indicated in severe cases. Traumatic iliacus hematoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of severe groin pain.
A Young Boy with Neck Pain
Authors: Ohno Hirofumi , Takeda Shinsuke , Mitsuya So , Yoshihara Hisatake , Yamauchi Ken-ichi
Published: May 2021

Case Presentation: A five-year-old boy presented to our emergency department with severe posterior neck pain that was exacerbated upon neck movement. Cervical spine radiography revealed calcification in the cervical intervertebral disk 3-4.

Discussion: Pediatric idiopathic intervertebral disk calcification is a benign, rare condition that might be complicated by associated severe neurological symptoms. In this case, the symptoms gradually subsided with conservative management alone.
Profound Weakness and Blurry Vision in a Pandemic: A Case Report
Authors: O’Keefe Jacy , Grall Kristi
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Neuro-Behçet’s disease (NBD) is a manifestation of Behçet’s disease, a relapsing inflammatory multisystem disease. Data on patients with autoimmune disease in the setting of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is limited.

Case Report: We discuss the case of a 22-year-old male with SARS-CoV-2 who presented to the emergency department with weakness and vision changes. Brain imaging showed enhancing lesions. History revealed possible autoimmune disease. A diagnosis of NBD exacerbated by SARS-CoV-2 was made.

Conclusion: Patients with SARS-CoV-2 are presenting with exacerbations of systemic illnesses. Although NBD is uncommon, medical professionals need to consider this in the differential of central nervous system disorders, as it is a potentially treatable condition.
Chloroquine Ingestion to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Graff Jonathan , Thompson Michelle , Berriochoa Zachary , Kuhn Bryan , Ruha Anne-Michelle , Lipinski Christopher
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Amid the global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were being studied as agents to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019. Information about these agents and their effects circulated throughout the general public media, raising the concern for self-directed consumption of both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical products.

Case Report: We present two cases of chloroquine toxicity that occurred after ingestion of an aquarium disinfectant that contained chloroquine phosphate in a misguided attempt to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2. One patient had repeated emesis and survived, while the other was unable to vomit, despite attempts, and suffered fatal cardiac dysrhythmias.

Conclusion: These cases illustrate the spectrum of toxicity, varied presentations, and importance of early recognition and management of chloroquine poisoning. In addition, we can see the importance of sound medical guidance in an era of social confusion compounded by the extremes of public and social media.
Young Woman with Leg Lesions
Authors: Finnin Daniel
Published: May 2021

Case Presentation: The patient was a 33-year-old woman with inflammatory bowel disease presenting for worsening lower leg lesions with significant pain recalcitrant to oral doxycycline.

Discussion: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare ulcerative skin condition with significant pain that is often associated with other systemic diseases typically treated with immunosuppressive medications aimed at the underlying cause.
“One Note Higher”: A Unique Pediatric Hand Fracture
Authors: Szymanski Scott , Zylstra Michael , Hull Aicha
Published: May 2021

Case Presentation: An otherwise healthy, 12-year-old male presented to the emergency department after a fall down the stairs in which he landed on his right hand. Radiographs demonstrated a Salter-Harris II fracture at the base of the proximal phalanx of the fifth digit with ulnar deviation, also known as an “extra-octave“ fracture. Orthopedic surgery was consulted and the fracture was reduced and placed in a short-arm cast. The patient was discharged and scheduled for orthopedic follow-up.

Discussion: A Salter-Harris II fracture at the base of the proximal phalanx of the fifth digit with ulnar deviation is referred to as an “extra-octave” fracture due to the advantage a pianist would gain in reach of their fifth phalanx if not reduced. However, reduction is needed if the fracture is displaced and can be achieved by several described methods including the “90-90” or “pencil” methods followed by cast or splint application. Percutaneous pinning is rarely needed. Complications include flexor tendon entrapment, collateral ligament disruption, and malunion leading to a “pseudo-claw” deformity. We recommend that all extra-octave fractures receive orthopedic follow-up in one to two weeks or sooner if severely displaced.
Salmonella Aortitis in an Elderly Male, a Rare but Deadly Cause of Abdominal Pain: A Case Report
Authors: Yanushefski Kevin , Kaur Sukhdip , Eberhardt Mary
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Infectious aortitis is a rare condition with mortality rates approaching 100% without surgical intervention. Symptoms and findings may be vague. Computed tomography (CT) with intravenous (IV) contrast, once the gold standard of diagnosis, may only show subtle findings. More recently, CT angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography have become the diagnostic modalities of choice.

Case Report: A 58-year-old diabetic male presented to our emergency department with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fevers, and abdominal pain of two weeks duration. The patient had been seen just days before at another facility with the same complaints. He received an abdominal CT with IV contrast that was reported as negative and discharged with the diagnosis of gastroenteritis. He failed to improve and presented to our facility. On presentation, the patient was diaphoretic and uncomfortable. A repeat abdominal CT with IV contrast revealed a mantle of low density around the aorta. The patient was started on IV antibiotics, and a follow-up CTA of the abdomen and pelvis showed an irregular saccular aneurysm. Vascular surgery was consulted, and the patient underwent vascular reconstruction.

Conclusion: Because of the high level of mortality seen in infectious aortitis and improvement in patient outcomes with surgical intervention, a high index of suspicion needs to be maintained in patients presenting with fever and chest, abdominal, and back pain, especially in the setting of risk factors and bacteremia. The clinician should be aware that the usual modality for the evaluation of abdominal pain, CT with IV contrast, may not be adequate to make the diagnosis.
Physician and Pharmacist Liability: Medicolegal Cases That are Tough Pills to Swallow
Authors: Schupbach John , Kaisler Maria , Moore Gregory , Sandefur Benjamin
Published: May 2021

We present four medicolegal cases involving medication errors, which led to patient harm and subsequent settlements or jury awards to patients. These cases each involved scenarios in which a medication was inappropriately prescribed and/or inappropriately dispensed. In such cases, it is often not obvious whether the physician or pharmacist is at fault. These cases highlight the importance of understanding the roles and responsibilities of the physician and pharmacist in medication prescription and dispensation.
A Report of Incontinentia Pigmenti in an 11-year-old Girl
Authors: Azarbayjani Zahra , Enshaei Zahra , Eshghi Alireza
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rarely diagnosed x-linked dominant disease affecting tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origin such as cutaneous tissues, teeth, eyes, hair, and the central nervous system. Dermatologic manifestations are often the first signs observed in patients diagnosed with IP and are present in nearly all the subjects, but they are less harmful and do not require treatment. Oral manifestations in patients diagnosed with IP might affect both the deciduous and permanent teeth, with tooth shape anomalies and hypodontia, delayed tooth eruption, cleft palate, and high arched palate. These oral abnormalities influence feeding, quality of life (QoL), and self-esteem of the patient but can be successfully corrected by oral rehabilitation. Case Presentation: Here, we report the case of a female patient, aged 11 years, presenting with dental manifestations such as hypodontia, conical teeth, delayed tooth eruption, narrow and atrophic dental ridge, and also some non-dental findings of IP. Her dental ‎management included oral hygiene instructions, extraction of all unrestorable primary molars, and composite filling of all primary canines. Conclusions: A removable space maintainer was constructed for the patient, which resulted in favorable esthetic outcomes, proper re-establishment of mastication, and improved self-esteem.
OCORRÊNCIA DE LESÃO POR PRESSÃO EM PACIENTES INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Santos Séphora Juliana dos , Oliveira Jussiely Cunha , Almeida Carla Passos , Magalhães Fernanda Barbosa , Pinheiro Fernanda Gomes de Magalhães Soares , Vieira Rita de Cássia Almeida , Vasconcellos Geferson Messias Teles , Jesus Victor Miguel Campos de , Santos Eduesley Santana
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os fatores associados à ocorrência de lesão por pressão em pacientes críticos, adultos em unidade de terapia intensiva. Método: estudo transversal realizado na unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital de ensino no estado de Sergipe, entre agosto/2018 e julho/2019. Foram incluídos pacientes internados com idade maior ou igual a 18 anos e tempo de permanência mínima de 24 horas. Aos pacientes elegíveis e conscientes foram feitos convites para participar de forma voluntária e oferecidos esclarecimentos quanto ao consentimento. No caso dos pacientes inconscientes a autorização foi solicitada ao familiar ou representante legal. E para ambos os casos foi aplicado o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Para a análise dos fatores de risco associados à lesão por pressão utilizaram-se os testes exato de Fisher, qui-quadrado, Shapiro-Wilks, Mann-Whitney, regressão linear e logística, com significância de 5%. Resultados: a casuística foi composta de 99 pacientes. Destes, 30 (30,3%) desenvolveram lesão por pressão. A maioria era do sexo feminino, com idade média 65±14 anos e comorbidades prévias como diabetes, infarto agudo do miocárdio e acidente vascular encefálico. Quando avaliados os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão, observou-se que a lesão renal aguda aumentou 3,5 vezes essa chance (p=0,036) e para cada dia a mais de internação o paciente apresentou 3,5 vezes mais chances de desenvolver uma nova lesão por pressão (p=0,038). Conclusão: a lesão renal aguda e o tempo de internação na unidade intensiva foram fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão.
Applications of Relational Geometric Synthesis in Sailing Yacht Design
Authors: Letcher John S. , Shook D. Michael
Published: May 2021

Relational Geometric Synthesis (RGS) is a new logical framework for building up precise definitions of complex geometric models from point! , curves, surfaces and solids. RGS achieves unprecedented design flexibility by supporting a rich, variety of useful curve and surface entities. During the design process, many qualitative and quantitative relationships between elementary objects may be captured and retained, such that they can be utilized for automatically updating the complete model geometry following changes in the sha Je or location of an underlying object. Capture of relationships enables many new possibilities for parametric variations and optimization. Examples are given of many potential applications in sailing: yacht design: hull designs; deck and cabin models; interior partitioning and planning; keel model with bulbs and winglets; hull and keel paneling for flow analysis; plating layout for metal hulls; mast and rigging models; white sails and spinnakers.
Numerical Approach to Aeroelastic Responses of Three-Dimensional Flexible Sails
Authors: Fukasawa Toichi , Katori Masanobu
Published: May 2021

Aeroelastic responses of 3-dimensional flexible sails are investigated by means of numerical simulations. An incremental finite displacement theory using the Finite Element Method is adopted to describe the structural behavior of the sail. A modified Vortex Lattice Method is used to calculate the aerodynamic pressures on the sail. Combining these two methods, the structural and aerodynamic responses of the sail are solved simultaneously. Numerical simulations are performed for actual 3- dimensional sails. Deformations and stresses of the sail in steady flow are calculated. Unsteady sail dynamics are also investigated in the case where the sailing vessel is pitching and rolling in a seaway. The effects of the flexibility of the sail upon the lift, induced drag and the center of effort are clarified.
The Nippon Challenge America's Cup 1992 - Progress in Hull Development
Authors: Nagami Yoshihiro
Published: May 2021

In 1992, the class rule for the America's Cup was changed to the IACC. The Nippon Challenge decided that in order to build a successful challenger to a new class rule, the design would have to rely heavily on the results of a systematic series of tank and wind tunnel testing. The results of these simulations would then be used to build full scale boats which would be tested. The results of the full scale trials would be used to adjust the simulation techniques to fine tune the final design.

The data from the model tests were used to develop the input parameters for a Velocity Prediction Program (VPP). The VPP was used to determine the specifications for the design of the first two boats. After full scale testing, the VPP was compared to the results for about 6 months. After this verification and refinement of the VPP, a final boat was built. Finally the results of the race were evaluated and confirm that the basic design development process was correct.
Hazards and Challenges of Cruising the Northeast Coast of North America
Authors: Jordan Edwin C. , Jordan Mary K.
Published: May 2021

This paper is not intended to cover the basics of cruising or even the basics of long distance cruising. We hope it is a more advanced discussion of strategies and equipment which we have found useful in meeting the challenges of our trips. These cruises have been from the Chesapeake Bay to Massachusetts, Maine, Nova Scotia and, this past summer, to Newfoundland. The paper is not about racing, nor is it concerned with any type of racing/cruising. we will be concerned not only with the hazards and challenges of cruising and what works in meeting these challenges, but also how to have a good time in addition to being safe. Both offshore sailing and harbor hopping will be included, seen from the perspective of a couple and their friends who have accompanied them on selected legs of seven different trips north.
A fine romance? Developing a Transformational School-University Partnership
Authors: Goriss-Hunter Anitra , Sellings Peter , Lenk Karen , Scash Melinda
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the complexities involved in a school-university partnership between a secondary school, Highview College and Federation University, both located in Australia. The authors argue that Federation University and Highview College have worked together to develop a
transformational partnership in a Community of Practice (CoP) that has benefits for both parties. The authors report the findings through the analogy of a relationship unfolding.Using a qualitative methodology, it was found that through the development of a transformational partnership,
a number of benefits had eventuated. These benefits include authentic learning experiences and the raising of university aspirations for school students.
Asymmetric localization of the cell division machinery during Bacillus subtilis sporulation
Authors: Khanna Kanika , Lopez-Garrido Javier , Sugie Joseph , Pogliano Kit , Villa Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis can divide via two modes. During vegetative growth, the division septum is formed at the midcell to produce two equal daughter cells. However, during sporulation, the division septum is formed closer to one pole to yield a smaller forespore and a larger mother cell. Using cryo-electron tomography, genetics and fluorescence microscopy, we found that the organization of the division machinery is different in the two septa. While FtsAZ filaments, the major orchestrators of bacterial cell division, are present uniformly around the leading edge of the invaginating vegetative septa, they are only present on the mother cell side of the invaginating sporulation septa. We provide evidence suggesting that the different distribution and number of FtsAZ filaments impact septal thickness, causing vegetative septa to be thicker than sporulation septa already during constriction. Finally, we show that a sporulation-specific protein, SpoIIE, regulates asymmetric divisome localization and septal thickness during sporulation.
Symmetry breaking meets multisite modification
Authors: Ramesh Vaidhiswaran , Krishnan J
Published: May 2021

Multisite modification is a basic way of conferring functionality to proteins and a key component of post-translational modification networks. Additional interest in multisite modification stems from its capability of acting as complex information processors. In this paper, we connect two seemingly disparate themes: symmetry and multisite modification. We examine different classes of random modification networks of substrates involving separate or common enzymes. We demonstrate that under different instances of symmetry of the modification network (invoked explicitly or implicitly and discussed in the literature), the biochemistry of multisite modification can lead to the symmetry being broken. This is shown computationally and consolidated analytically, revealing parameter regions where this can (and in fact does) happen, and characteristics of the symmetry-broken state. We discuss the relevance of these results in situations where exact symmetry is not present. Overall, through our study we show how symmetry breaking (i) can confer new capabilities to protein networks, including concentration robustness of different combinations of species (in conjunction with multiple steady states); (ii) could have been the basis for ordering of multisite modification, which is widely observed in cells; (iii) can significantly impact information processing in multisite modification and in cell signalling networks/pathways where multisite modification is present; and (iv) can be a fruitful new angle for engineering in synthetic biology and chemistry. All in all, the emerging conceptual synthesis provides a new vantage point for the elucidation and the engineering of molecular systems at the junction of chemical and biological systems.
Perturbation of amygdala-cortical projections reduces ensemble coherence of palatability coding in gustatory cortex
Authors: Lin Jian-You , Mukherjee Narendra , Bernstein Max J , Katz Donald B
Published: May 2021

Taste palatability is centrally involved in consumption decisions—we ingest foods that taste good and reject those that don't. Gustatory cortex (GC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) almost certainly work together to mediate palatability-driven behavior, but the precise nature of their interplay during taste decision-making is still unknown. To probe this issue, we discretely perturbed (with optogenetics) activity in rats’ BLA→GC axons during taste deliveries. This perturbation strongly altered GC taste responses, but while the perturbation itself was tonic (2.5 s), the alterations were not—changes preferentially aligned with the onset times of previously-described taste response epochs, and reduced evidence of palatability-related activity in the ‘late-epoch’ of the responses without reducing the amount of taste identity information available in the ‘middle epoch.’ Finally, BLA→GC perturbations changed behavior-linked taste response dynamics themselves, distinctively diminishing the abruptness of ensemble transitions into the late epoch. These results suggest that BLA ‘organizes’ behavior-related GC taste dynamics.
Cross-species analysis defines the conservation of anatomically segregated VMH neuron populations
Authors: Affinati Alison H , Sabatini Paul V , True Cadence , Tomlinson Abigail J , Kirigiti Melissa , Lindsley Sarah R , Li Chien , Olson David P , Kievit Paul , Myers Martin G , Rupp Alan C
Published: May 2021

The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) controls diverse behaviors and physiologic functions, suggesting the existence of multiple VMH neural subtypes with distinct functions. Combing translating ribosome affinity purification with RNA-sequencing (TRAP-seq) data with single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) data, we identified 24 mouse VMH neuron clusters. Further analysis, including snRNA-seq data from macaque tissue, defined a more tractable VMH parceling scheme consisting of six major genetically and anatomically differentiated VMH neuron classes with good cross-species conservation. In addition to two major ventrolateral classes, we identified three distinct classes of dorsomedial VMH neurons. Consistent with previously suggested unique roles for leptin receptor (Lepr)-expressing VMH neurons, Lepr expression marked a single dorsomedial class. We also identified a class of glutamatergic VMH neurons that resides in the tuberal region, anterolateral to the neuroanatomical core of the VMH. This atlas of conserved VMH neuron populations provides an unbiased starting point for the analysis of VMH circuitry and function.
C-kit-negative Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Originating in the Mesentery Misdiagnosed as an Ovarian Tumor before Surgery
Authors: Lim Jongryeul , Baeg Myong Ki , Ahn Sangjeong , Ha Man Ho , Ko Sun-Hye , Kwon Hyuki , Han Jaeho
Published: May 2021

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare digestive system malignancies with extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) being even less. Diagnosing GISTs usually requires the identification of c-kit (CD117) expression by immunohistochemical staining. A 53-year-old woman complaining of dyspepsia was referred for the evaluation of a 1.5-cm extrinsic compression at the greater curvature of the proximal antrum. EUS revealed a multiseptated mass with positive Doppler findings. Abdominal CT showed that she harbored a large, 20-cm mass in her abdominal cavity, most likely arising from the right ovary. Surgery revealed a hypervascular tumor arising from the mesentery and attached to the gastric lesser curvature. Pathological examination revealed negativity for c-kit, but positivity for the protein “Discovered on GIST-1” (DOG1), confirming the EGIST diagnosis. Herein, we report this rare case of a c-kit-negative EGIST originating in the mesentery, which was diagnosed based on staining for DOG1.
Acute Anisakiasis at the Esophagogastric Junction Mimicking Angina Pectoris
Authors: Joo Dong Chan , Kim Gwang Ha , Lee Moon Won
Published: May 2021

Anisakiasis is a fish-borne zoonotic disease caused in humans by the ingestion of raw or undercooked seafood infected by anisakid larvae. Anisakiasis usually causes abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. However, other symptoms, including dysphagia, heartburn, and chest pain, are rare. A 55-year-old woman presented to the emergency department for the evaluation of sudden-onset chest pain. The findings of the cardiology work-up were all normal. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a nematode at the esophagogastric junction, which was successfully removed. The chest pain immediately subsided thereafter. Herein, we report a rare case of anisakiasis at the esophagogastric junction, which caused chest pain mimicking angina pectoris and was treated with endoscopic removal.
ProkEvo: an automated, reproducible, and scalable framework for high-throughput bacterial population genomics analyses
Authors: Pavlovikj Natasha , Gomes-Neto Joao Carlos , Deogun Jitender S. , Benson Andrew K.
Published: May 2021

Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) data from bacterial species is used for a variety of applications ranging from basic microbiological research, diagnostics, and epidemiological surveillance. The availability of WGS data from hundreds of thousands of individual isolates of individual microbial species poses a tremendous opportunity for discovery and hypothesis-generating research into ecology and evolution of these microorganisms. Flexibility, scalability, and user-friendliness of existing pipelines for population-scale inquiry, however, limit applications of systematic, population-scale approaches. Here, we present ProkEvo, an automated, scalable, reproducible, and open-source framework for bacterial population genomics analyses using WGS data. ProkEvo was specifically developed to achieve the following goals: (1) Automation and scaling of complex combinations of computational analyses for many thousands of bacterial genomes from inputs of raw Illumina paired-end sequence reads; (2) Use of workflow management systems (WMS) such as Pegasus WMS to ensure reproducibility, scalability, modularity, fault-tolerance, and robust file management throughout the process; (3) Use of high-performance and high-throughput computational platforms; (4) Generation of hierarchical-based population structure analysis based on combinations of multi-locus and Bayesian statistical approaches for classification for ecological and epidemiological inquiries; (5) Association of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, putative virulence factors, and plasmids from curated databases with the hierarchically-related genotypic classifications; and (6) Production of pan-genome annotations and data compilation that can be utilized for downstream analysis such as identification of population-specific genomic signatures. The scalability of ProkEvo was measured with two datasets comprising significantly different numbers of input genomes (one with ~2,400 genomes, and the second with ~23,000 genomes). Depending on the dataset and the computational platform used, the running time of ProkEvo varied from ~3-26 days. ProkEvo can be used with virtually any bacterial species, and the Pegasus WMS uniquely facilitates addition or removal of programs from the workflow or modification of options within them. To demonstrate versatility of the ProkEvo platform, we performed a hierarchical-based population structure analyses from available genomes of three distinct pathogenic bacterial species as individual case studies. The specific case studies illustrate how hierarchical analyses of population structures, genotype frequencies, and distribution of specific gene functions can be integrated into an analysis. Collectively, our study shows that ProkEvo presents a practical viable option for scalable, automated analyses of bacterial populations with direct applications for basic microbiology research, clinical microbiological diagnostics, and epidemiological surveillance.