bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF GEODIVERSITY AS TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED NATURE AREAS IN SOUTH-EASTERN LATVIA
Authors: Soms Juris
Published: June 2017

The environmental management and nature protection policy in Latvia is mainly focused on biodiversity and protected species, while a geodiversity is ‘forgotten side’ of nature conservation work. Such situation is associated with an absence of a unified methodology for assessment of geodiversity, which is a shortened version of the term ‘geological and geomorphological diversity’. The concept of geodiversity, as well the quantitative assessment of abiotic nature values is successfully used in the last decade. However, it has not yet been applied in Latvia for purposes of environmental management. Considering that the aim of this study was to apply the methodology described in the scientific literature for the assessment of geodiversity index in the GIS environment. The estimating of geodiversity was performed in two protected nature areas in south-eastern Latvia, i.e. nature reserve “Pilskalnes Siguldiņa” and geological nature monument “Adamovas krauja”. The calculations of geodiversity index were done based on the components as geological data, landform units, morphogenetic processes, hydrological features and terrain roughness. The input data were processed, and numerical methods that analyze spatial data in regular grid format were applied in ArcGIS. The output data on the spatial variability of geodiversity index were reclassified in three classes in order to identify areas with low, medium and high geodiversity respectively. The assessment of geodiversity by quantifying the spatial distribution of geodiversity index can be used as a tool for environmental management of protected nature areas and spatial planning, allowing to identify places with high potential value and to prevent their transformations.
INDICATORS AFFECTING VIDZEME REGION SMART DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Rozentale Sarmite , Andersons Aigars
Published: June 2017

The study aims to determine the main indicators of rural smart development concept for territorial development analysis and decision-making in Vidzeme region (Latvia). In the framework of the study the theoretical literature and planning documents were analysed, focusing on the indicators of rural areas and sustainable development. For a long time the development was associated primarily with the economic growth - GDP, employment and income growth. In recent years, the economic dimension is supplemented with social, environmental, cultural and political aspects. A holistic approach interprets close relations and balanced integration between the economic, social, political, ecological and cultural dimensions of local and regional development. Such approach requires the search for new indicators that describe the development of rural areas and are directly relevant to each individual area. The results present that in the development of Vidzeme smart specialization, the local governments and the state has the greatest impact. It is most affected by the local government's capacity to develop cooperation with residents and entrepreneurs, and a stable and sustainable economic situation in the country.
ANALYSING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS AS A RESULT OF SYZRAN SHALE-PROCESSING REFINERY WORK
Authors: Chumachenko N. G. , Turnikov V. V. , Petrova E. V.
Published: June 2017

Extraction and primary processing of natural minerals have a direct human impact on the lithosphere in the following way: the area of excavation and the area covered by rock dumps of overburden and substandard rocks increase; the landscape also changes. This problem occurs on all operated deposits and exists in out-of-operation deposits. This paper performs a critical analysis of environmental implications of anthropogenic impacts as a result of Syzran shale-processing refinery work Rock dumps parameters № 1 of Mine 3 and № 2 of Mine 5/6 of ZAO "Kashpirskaya Mine" are investigated. Rock dumps depth and surface ares, conservation volume and utilization capacity are considered to be landscape modifying parametres. The research demonstrates rock dumps parameters change in the period from 1950 to 2002. The paper evaluates the degree of anthropogenic impact of dumps territories and burnt rocks burials which were formed during the extraction of oil shale at Syzran shale-processing refinery. Those rock dumps resulted in the following transformation and change of the natural system and landscape: curvature of the slopes altered, soil and vegetation cover was dislocated. The only industry capable of reducing ecological tension in the region is building industry.
ODOUR STUDY WITH QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS IN VARIOUS DISTRICTS OF RIGA
Authors: Mužniece-Treija Evita
Published: June 2017

Different emission sources of odours become increasingly important environmental problem which may have a negative impact on human health and quality of life. Human odour perception may be subjective, however on odour perception threshold is considered to be the odorant concentration where at least half of odour assessor’s group members confirm the existence of odour, and then it is 1 OUE /m3. Nowadays more and more advanced technologies are used to measure odour concentration. Olfactometer Scentroid SM100 allows users to accurately quantify ambient odour concentration in field. Also this equipment allows to collect source samples and analyze odour in a laboratory. Odour study in 2016 and 2017 with field olfactometer Scentroid SM100 and gas analyzer Gasmet DX-4030 in districts of Riga indicates that the highest concentrations of odour are in Bolderaja, Sarkandaugava, Kundzinsala, Mangalsala, Milgravis and Vecmilgravis. Study indicates that the highest odour concentrations, especially among producing companies can reach up to 6-7 odour units (OUE/m3), however gas analyzer Gasmet DX-4030 indicates oil products or carbon dioxide.
PEDAGOGICAL POSSIBILITIES OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF ETHNIC AND CULTURAL AWARENESS AMONG YOUNGER CHILDREN
Authors: Gubanihina Elena , Klyueva Elena , Kudakova Natalya , Naumova Tatyana , Zhestkova Elena
Published: June 2017

For modern social and cultural environment of educational institutions are characterized by multi-ethnicity, as well as the ambiguous attitude of one social group to the members of different cultural and ethnic communities.Therefore, one of the important task is to bring up children in the spirit of peace and respect for all nationalities and peoples; the formation of children communication skills ability to interact with representatives of various peoples and faiths.The achievement of this goal is possible through focused multicultural education, the targets of which are defined in strategy of the state in ensuring ethnic harmony and harmonization of interethnic relations.In the article the authors focus on the formation of ethnic and cultural awareness among younger children: reveal the essence and structure of ethnic awareness, present the results of diagnostics of level of formation at children of primary school, consider the possibility of using information and communication technologies in the classroom and in extracurricular activities.The article reveals the pedagogical potential of using Internet resources in the creation ofpresentations, movies, virtual tours, virtual museums, thematic projects and Web-based quests, virtual newspapers.The article discusses the features of the organization of individual and group work of children, collaboration with teachers and parents.
STUDY WEAR TOOL WITH HIGH-SPEED MILLING
Authors: Kaldashev Tsvetan , Hadzhiyski Petar , Nikolcheva Galina
Published: June 2017

This report examined tool wear in high-speed machining of tool steel with a hardness of HRC 63. Wear monitored periodically using the device for automatic geometric correction tool (length and radius) situated in the working area of the machine. The study was conducted on milling machine RAIS M400 with CNC Heidenhain iTNC 530i.
ANALYSIS AND COUNTERMEASURE OF VOCS SOURCE IN AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION PROCESS IN CHINA
Authors: Cheng Tingting , Chen Jun , Wu Ke , Liu Jianguo , Lu Siheng , Hu Shouchuang
Published: June 2017

This article describes the hazards and causes of VOCs as well as the state of VOCs. It is the main culprit in the production of VOCs, which is the main culprit of the production of VOCs source materials in automobile, and analyzes the production of VOCs in the raw material production process from the source. Finally, proposed reduction measures from three aspects of the raw materials, production, management.
STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON WITH NANOSIZED ADDITIVES
Authors: Kaleicheva Julieta , Mishev Valentin , Karaguiozova Zdravka , Nikolcheva Galina
Published: June 2017

The microstructure and properties of spheroidal graphite cast irons and austempered ductile irons with nanosized additives of titanium carbonitride and titanium nitride (TiCN+TiN), titanium nitride TiN and cubic boron nitride cBN are investigated. The microstructure of the patterns is observed by optical metallography, quantity metallographic analysis, X-Ray analysis, SEM analysis and EDX analysis. Hardness measurement, impact strength and abrasion wear test on fixed abrasive are performed. The influence of the nanosized additives on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of the cast irons are examined.
NONWOVEN DEVELOPMENT BY THE MULTILAYER STRUCTURE
Authors: Seile Arta , Beļakova Dana
Published: June 2017

The main two directives of the European Commission (EC) has been regulating the automotive industry. The aforementioned directives and education of residents on environmental issues has created the need for new materials that have been produced from renewable resources and should be recycled at the end of product life cycle.

The objective of this project is to develop a nonwoven materials (NWM) that would incorporate fibers of plants, which could be grown in Latvia because of suitable local climate conditions, for the use in automotive industry. Furthermore, inclusion of polymer fibers in the NWM will expand the areas of use of such material – the NWM can be transformed into a composite material by means of a thermal press.

Manufacturing process of NWM consist of structure modelling and material samples manufacturing. NWM samples production process to be carried out by fibers preparation, fibers mixing, formation by airlaid method, preparation of fiber webs for fixation with a mechanical needle punching method, mechanical fixation of fiber webs, preparation of fixed fiber webs for NWM manufacturing and manufacturing of NWM by mechanical needle punching method.

This article reflects the comparison of two compositions NMW (Polylactid (PLA) (60 wt%) and long flax fibres (40 wt%), and PLA (60 wt%) and technical hemp fibres (40 wt%)) with the same structure by visual appearance, geometrical parameters and tensile strength. The average surface density of hemp NWM varies in the range of 792.09 to 958,71 g•m−2 , thickness varies from 6.91 to 9.23 mm. Flax NWM average surface density is higher than hemp NWM and varies in range of 1,064 to 1,260 g•m−2, thickness of the material varies from 12.62 to 15.54 mm. For comparison, the surface density of NWM currently used in automotive industry, depending on the use of the material, varies from 100 to 1,400 g•m−2.
SCIENTIFICALLY SUBSTANTIATED GUIDELINES FOR PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF LASER SURFACE-TREATMENT OF WEAR-RESISTANT IMPLANTS FOR HUMAN JOINT REPLACEMENTS
Authors: Zaimis Uldis , Guseynov Sharif E.
Published: June 2017

This paper presents the main results from a set of guidelines on the physico-mathematical modelling of laser surface-treatment of wear-resistant implants for human joint replacements. These guidelines contain synthesized and documented procedure, theoretical and practical recommendations, which are provided by researchers in the Nanomaterials Laboratory under the Institute of Fundamental Science and Innovative Technologies, Liepaja University. The present paper does not attempt to cover all aspects of physical and mathematical modelling, but draws together many key aspects concerning theoretical and practical difficulties, in the overcoming of what researchers of the Nanomaterials Laboratory, in particular, the authors of the present paper, have sufficient skills.
AGING, FATIGUE AND DURABILITY OF RUBBER VIBRATION ISOLATION ELEMENTS
Authors: Polukoshko Svetlana , Martinovs Andris , Sokolova Svetlana
Published: June 2017

This paper deal with shock and vibration insulators, which usually are performed from the elastomeric (rubber-like) materials. Elastomeric materials give many engineering advantages due to their capability of absorbing input energy much better than engineering materials, high elasticity, good dynamic properties, low volume compressibility, a linear relationship between stress and strain up to strain of 15% ÷ 20%, resistance to aggressive environmental factors. Elastomeric materials are widely used in machine building, shipbuilding, civil engineering, aviation and aerospace as compensation devices, vibration dampers, shock absorbers. Laminated elastomers, consisting of interleaved thin layers of elastomer and rigid reinforcing layers are also successfully used as bearing, joints, dampers, compensating devices, shock-absorbers. Such structures have many advantages: ability to endure high stress (>200 MPa), ease of maintenance, non- necessity for lubrication, vibration and noise reduction, ability to work in a very dirty, dusty, abrasive environment. The disadvantage of elastomeric material are aging, i.e. changing its properties over time. In this paper the influence of aging of elastomeric materials on the damping properties of shock absorbers is considered based on the mechanical models of elastomers - Maxwell and Burgers modes. Fatigue endurance, i.e. the ability to withstand mechanical actions for a long time is studied based on experiments on dynamic shear with laminated rubber-metal structures. The experiments show that such structures have a very high fatigue life - up to 100 million cycles.
El neutro de materia en asturiano: Un acercamiento sintáctico al fenómeno en cuanto a la especificidad, genericidad y la posición del adjetivo
Authors: Burner Matthew
Published: June 2017

La lengua asturiana muestra el fenómeno llamado neutro de materia, que se genera cuando un sustantivo incontable precede a un adjetivo neutro, el cual es representado por la terminación -o. Esta estructura crea una lectura genérica; y así, ‘l’arroz blanco’ se refiere a cualquier arroz de ese color. Este adjetivo neutro no se puede manifestar en posición prenominal, porque el resultado sería agramatical. Es decir que el adjetivo prepuesto tiene que concordar en género con el sustantivo, en general para los masculinos la terminación -u, y -a para los femeninos. El ejemplo‘el blancu arroz’ muestra esta concordancia completa del adjetivo prepuesto. Además, el adjetivo pospuesto tiene la opción de generar el neutro, o también concordar con el género del sustantivo que lo precede. Se ve lo segundo en el ejemplo ‘l’arroz blancu’. Los adjetivos antepuesto y pospuesto, los cuales tienen una concordancia completa, conllevan una lectura específica, por la que el hablante se refiere a la realidad que tiene ante sí. Este trabajo pretende examinar la posibilidad de un DegP (Degree Phrase) presente en la estructura sintáctica del asturiano con posibles rasgos de [EPP] y [+ESP(ecificidad)] o solo los de [+ESP(ecificidad)], enconjunción con movimiento adjetival o sin él, para explicar los contextos en los cuales el neutro de materia no se puede generar gramaticalmente.The Asturian language demonstrates a phenomena so called the mass neuter. This characteristic of the language contains a mass noun that precedes a neuter adjective, which is represented by the morphological ending -o. This structure creates a generic reading, as the example ‘l’arroz blanco’ is semantically interpreted as any rice that is white. This neuter adjective cannot be in a prenominal position, as this would be ungrammatical. It is to say, that the prenominal adjective must agree in gender with the noun. The adjective is therefore generally marked by themorphological ending -u and the morphological ending -a is for the feminine one. For example, ‘el blancu arroz’ shows this agreement of the prenominal adjective. In addition to the previously mentioned, the postnominal adjective has the option of either taking on the neuter gender or agreeing with the gender of the noun that precedes it. This is shown with the example ‘l’arroz blancu’. Both the prenominal and postnominal adjective, which have complete gender agreement, cause a specific reading. That is to say that the speaker has the white rice in frontof him. This work aims to examine the possibility of a DegP (Degree Phrase) that is present in the syntactic structure of Asturian, which can contain possible [EPP] and [+ESP(ecificity)] features or only [+ESP(ecificity)] features, in conjunction with adjectival movement or lack thereof, in order to explain the contexts in which the mass neuter cannot appear grammatically.
On the asymmetry between subject and object relative clauses in discourse context
Authors: Forster Renê , Corrêa Letícia Maria Sicuro
Published: June 2017

Abstract: This paper investigates the possibility of an effect of contextual information during the processing of sentences containing subject relative clauses (SRCs) and object relative clauses (ORCs) in Brazilian Portuguese. The predictions from one-stage models and from syntaxoriented approaches to sentence processing are outlined. An eye-tracking experiment is reported in which SRCs and ORC were presented when preceded by narrative contexts that could either favor a subject or an object relative clause analysis. The results suggest that ORCs are harder to process when compared to SRCs, no matter what discourse contexts they are inserted in. The contextual effect obtained here can be ascribed to a pre-syntactic priming, ie. a priming effect which arises during lexical access. The possibility of pre- and post-syntactic contextual effects in the processing of RCs is discussed.Keywords: relative clauses; sentence-processing; eye-tracking.Resumo: Este trabalho investiga, no Português Brasileiro, a possibilidade de um efeito de informação contextual no processamento de sentenças contendo orações relativas de sujeito (RS) e de objeto (RO), considerando os possíveis impactos dessa integração para a assimetria de custo entre RSs e ROs. Previsões de modelos de base estrutural e de modelos interativos são comparadas. Um experimento de rastreamento ocular é relatado em que relativas de sujeito e de objeto foram apresentadas em contextos narrativos que favoreceriam o processamento, ou de uma relativa de sujeito, ou de uma relativa de objeto. Os resultados sugerem que ROs têm maior custo quando comparadas a relativas de sujeito, independentemente do contexto discursivo no qual estão inseridas. O efeito de informação contextual obtido pode ser atribuído a um efeito de priming pré-sintático, ou seja, um efeito de priming durante o acesso lexical. Discute-se a possibilidade de efeitos contextuais pré e póssintáticos no processamento de orações relativas.Palavras-chave: orações relativas; compreensão da linguagem; rastreamento ocular.
A influência da referencialidade no processamento de orações relativas em português brasileiro / The influence of referentiality on relative clause processing in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Bezerra Gitanna Brito , Leitão Márcio Martins , Medeiros Lorrane da Silva Neves
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Neste artigo apresentamos dois experimentos que foram conduzidos para investigar, no português brasileiro, o papel da referencialidade no processamento de orações relativas associadas a Sintagmas Nominais complexos (SNs complexos) do tipo substância (como “a bolsa de (do) couro”). O experimento de leitura automonitorada revelou uma preferência imediata pela aposição não local, evidenciando uma forte influência da referencialidade do N1 no processamento da oração relativa. O experimento de rastreamento ocular, por sua vez, revelou um efeito imediato da referencialidade do N2: uma aposição local é favorecida quando o N2 é referencial e uma aposição não local é preferida quando o N2 não é referencial. Nossos dados vão na direção do que é proposto pela Hipótese de Construal (FRAZIER; CLIFTON, 1996).Palavras-chave: processamento; orações relativas; referencialidade.Abstract: In this paper we report two experiments that were conducted to investigate the influence of referentiality on the processing of relative clauses associated with complex noun phrases of substance reading (like “the bag of (the) leather”). The self-paced reading task showed an immediate preference for high-attachment, revealing a strong influence of N1 referentiality on relative clause processing. The eyetracking study, in turn, revealed an immediate effect of N2 referentiality: low attachment is favored when the N2 is referential and high attachment is preferred when the N2 is non-referential. Our data are in tune with the general proposal of the Construal Hypothesis (FRAZIER; CLIFTON, 1996).Keywords: processing; relative clauses; referentiality.
Aquisição de estruturas possessivas inalienáveis: o caso dos nomes de parte do corpo em inglês americano e português brasileiro / Acquisition of inalienable possessive structures: the case of body-part names in American English and Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Mendes Fernanda
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Este estudo testa a aquisição de estruturas de posse inalienável em português brasileiro e inglês americano, assumindo que crianças falantes nativas de inglês americano teriam disponível, num primeiro momento, a mesma gramática disponível para crianças falantes nativas de português brasileiro, em que a leitura inalienável poderia ser vinculada tanto na presença de pronomes possessivos quanto na presença de determinantes definidos com nomes de parte do corpo. Aplicando a Tarefa de Julgamento de Valor de Verdade observou-se que a distinção entre as gramáticas das duas línguas apareceu por volta dos seis anos de idade, quando crianças falantes de inglês americano restringiram o uso do determinante definido de acordo com a gramática alvo, não permitindo o seu uso nas estruturas contendo nomes de partes do corpo, quando foi veiculada a interpretação inalienável. Neste caso, o determinante definido foi substituído pelo pronome possessivo.Palavras-chave: posse; inalienável; aquisição.Abstract: The current study tests the acquisition of inalienable possessive structures in Brazilian Portuguese and American English, assuming that American English-speaking children start with the same grammar as Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children do. This first grammar would allow inalienable interpretation being carried by possessive pronouns as well as definite determiners introducing body-parts names. Using Truth Value Judgement Task method it is noticed that the difference between Brazilian Portuguese grammar and American English grammar appeared around the age of six, when American English-speaking children approach the target grammar, in which the presence of the possessive pronoun is what allows the inalienable interpretation and the use of definite determiners is restricted to alienable possession constructions with body-parts names.Keywords: possession; inalienable; acquisition.
O processamento do numeral reduplicado sohoji-sohoji em Karajá: uma averiguação de ERP durante a compreensão de sentenças / The processing of the reduplicated numeral sohoji-sohoji in Karajá: An ERP investigation during sentence comprehension
Authors: Silva Cristiane Oliveira da
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo averiguar o processamento do numeral distributivo sohoji-sohoji, formado pela reduplicação do numeral um em Karajá, sob uma perspectiva transdisciplinar aproximando os campos da linguística teórica e da neurobiologia. O experimento de neurociência da linguagem contribui para elucidar a complexidade do processamento de sentenças com sohoji-sohoji quando pareado com diferentes cenários quantitativos. Utiliza-se a técnica de extração de ERP (potenciais bioelétricos relacionados a eventos) para observação e extração dos dados de latência visando a análise estatística dos dados cronométricos monitorados on-line por um eletroencefalograma (EEG). Os resultados das análises de variância e teste t demonstraram que a leitura evento-distributiva é a default porque a violação de exaustividade dos itens dos eventos apresentou maior complexidade de processamento do que a violação de exaustividade de participantes. Pluralidade, cardinalidade e diferenciação de eventos também apresentaram efeitos significativos durante a compreensão de sentenças com sohoji-sohoji.Palavras-chave: Karajá; distributividade; ERP; processamento quantificacional.Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate the processing of the reduplicated numeral sohoji-sohoji formed by the reduplication of the numeral one in Karajá, under a transdisciplinary approach, bringing together formal linguistic and neurobiology. The neuroscience of language experiment conducted sheds new light into the quantification processing complexity of sohoji-sohoji when different quantitative scenarios were previously presented. We use the ERPs extraction technique (Event-Related Brain Potential) to observe and to extract the wave’s amplitude in order to conduct statistical analysis from the chronometric data monitored online by the electroencephalogram (EEG). The results from statistical analysis conducted (ANOVA and t test) suggest that the event-distributive interpretation is the first activated because the violation of event items exhaustiveness was more complex than violation of subject exhaustiveness. Plurality, cardinality and event differentiation also displayed significant effects during Karaja distributive sentence comprehension.Keywords: Karaja; distributivity; ERP; quantification processing.
O teste de Cloze como instrumento de medida da proficiência em leitura: fatores linguísticos e não linguísticos / Cloze test as an instrument to measure reading proficiency: linguistic and non-linguistic factors
Authors: Abreu Kátia Nazareth Moura de , Garcia Daniela Cid de , Hora Katharine da , Souza Cristiane Ramos de
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivos apresentar uma revisão da literatura do uso do teste de Cloze como ferramenta para medir o desempenho em leitura, discutindo seus limites e possibilidades, verificar a sensibilidade do teste para variáveis de natureza linguística e não linguística, e apresentar uma agenda de pesquisa que considere o uso de desenhos qualitativos originais para acessar diferentes aspectos da leitura. Para verificar a sensibilidade do teste, manipularam-se as variáveis tipo de palavra (lexical e funcional), tamanho de texto (curto e longo) e experiência leitora (medida em termos de nível de escolaridade). Observou-se o desempenho de alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio. Os resultados demonstraram que os alunos do Ensino Fundamental apresentaram mais dificuldade com palavras funcionais e com os textos longos, indicando que o teste é sensível a fatores linguísticos e não linguísticos. A partir dos resultados e das análises, discute-se como esse teste pode ser útil para avaliar diferentes processos cognitivos envolvidos na leitura.Palavras-chave: compreensão leitora; teste de Cloze; ensino; palavras lexicais; palavras funcionais.Abstract: The aims of this article are to present a review of the literature concerning the use of the Cloze test as a tool to measure reading performance, discussing its limits and possibilities, access the sensibility of the test for linguistic and non linguistic variables, and present a research agenda that considers the use of original qualitative designs to access different aspects of reading. To verify the sensibility of the test, we manipulated the variables word type (function words and content words), text length (short and long) and reading experience (measured in terms of level of schooling). We observed the performance of students from Elementary level and from High School. The results show that Elementary-level students had more difficulty with function words and with long texts, which indicates that the test is sensible to linguistic and non-linguistic factors. From the results and analyses, we draw a discussion of how the cloze test can be useful to evaluate different cognitive processes involved in reading.Keywords: reading comprehension; Cloze test; education; content words; function words.
Panorama da Linguística Experimental no Brasil
Authors: Maia Marcus
Published: June 2017

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A escolha de software e hardware na psicolinguística: revisão e opinião / The choice of software and hardware in psycholinguistics: review and opinion
Authors: Sampaio Thiago Oliveira da Motta
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Nos últimos anos, diversos softwares foram criados para auxiliar a elaboração de experimentos em ciências cognitivas. A oferta de softwares de simples utilização deveria facilitar o trabalho dos iniciantes, porém, acabou trazendo novos problemas e dúvidas. Que software usar? Qual deles é o mais adequado ao meu estudo e por quê? Através de uma revisão sobre computação, linguagem de programação e técnicas de apresentação de estímulos visuais,1 este artigo pretende fomentar a discussão a respeito (i) dos diversos tipos de softwares para estimulação, (ii) da importância de conhecer os detalhes técnicos do hardware utilizado e (iii) da compatibilização hardware-software-método como uma variável a ser controlada durante o desenvolvimento do protocolo experimental.Palavras-chave: psicolinguística; ciências cognitivas; linguagens de programação; métodos.Abstract: In the last few years, several softwares have been designed to help the development of experiments in cognitive sciences. The offer of user friendly software would help beginners in their first tests. However, it brought new problems and questions. Which software should one use? Which one is more adequate for my research and why? The present paper brings a quick and panoramic review on computer science, programming languages and on the presentation of visual stimuli. Through these three topics, I intend to promote a discussion (i) on the main types of software for stimulation in cognitive sciences, (ii) on the importance of being attentive to the hardware specifications and (iii) on some compatibility issues between software-hardware-method as independent variables in our experiments.Keywords: psycholinguistics; cognitive sciences; programming languages; methods.
Euphemism and Dysphemism during the War of the Spanish Succession (1710-1713): George Ridpath
Authors: Sánchez Ruiz Raquel
Published: June 2017

Euphemism and dysphemism are common within political communication as the former is a linguistic make-up leading to deception and distortion of reality (Rodríguez González 1991: 90) whereas the latter highlights the most pejorative traits of the taboo with an offensive aim (Crespo-Fernández 2015: 2). Considering this, I have analysed euphemism and dysphemism in George Ridpath’s political writings during the War of the Spanish Succession (1710-1713), in a corpus comprising two journals (The Observator and The Flying Post), and examined how this author used language to shape and manipulate Great Britain’s public opinion during the Stuart period. To this end, I have followed Taboada and Grieve’s (2004) approach of Appraisal Theory (Martin and White 2005) as well as Politeness Theory (Brown and Levinson 1987), Face Theory (Goffman 1967), Charteris-Black’s Critical Metaphor Analysis (2005: 45) and Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Gibbs 2011). The findings show that Ridpath used x-phemistic language to positively self-present the ingroup and negatively other-present the outgroup.
The study of serum c-reactive protein and its diagnostic importance in reducing the rate of negative appendectomy
Authors: Kumari Bandana , Kumar Pawan , Chaudhary Neha , Kumar Anil , Roy Achal Narain
Published: June 2017

Background: Introduction-Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency and appendectomy is one of the most frequently performed abdominal operation but the diagnosis of acute appendicitis remains an enigmatic challenge, plagued by high rate of negative exploration. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of CRP over TLC in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Methods: Total 200 patients who had been diagnosed as a case of acute appendicitis based on WBC count and clinical diagnosis and were planned for appendectomy were selected for purposive sampling. Serum CRP was estimated in these patients before operation but was not considered in decision making process of appendectomy. All 200 removed appendixes were sent for histopathological examination.Results: Result-Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of serum CRP were much greater than WBC count. Mean and standard deviation of serum CRP was 41.92±26.28 with p=<0.0001 which is highly significant.Conclusions: Conclusion-CRP should be added along with clinical diagnosis and other laboratory test in diagnosis of acute appendicitis to reduce the rate of negative appendectomy.
MARCAS IDENTITÁRIAS DO SUJEITO SURDO NA ESCRITA DE ARTIGOS DE OPINIÃO: UMA POSIÇÃO MARCADA OU REFLEXO DA CULTURA OUVINTE?
Authors: Ferreira Zoni do Nascimento Martha Christina
Published: June 2017

Resumo: este trabalho é parte do resultado da pesquisa intitulada O Português escrito de surdos no Amapá: do processo de interlíngua à língua-alvo e objetivou analisar a posição do sujeito surdo na produção do gênero Artigo de Opinião. Tomou-se, como temática para a análise, a questão do uso de celulares, smartphones e tablets em sala de aula. Nesse sentido, optou-se por verificar de que forma os surdos se colocavam perante essa temática; quais argumentos utilizavam para defender ou refutar uma tese. A base teórica discute conceitos como os de sujeito e de discurso (ALTHUSSER, 1996; PÊCHEUX, 1996; BRANDÃO, 1991; FOUCAULT, 1997), multiculturalidade/interculturalidade (CANDAU, 2008; PAVAN, 2010; PIERUCCI, 1999) e novas tecnologias na educação de surdos (STUMPF, 2010; VAZ, 2012). A metodologia de pesquisa lança mão do dispositivo teórico-metodológico da Análise do Discurso Francesa (FOUCAULT, 1997; ORLANDI, 1999). Foram analisados 18 textos de redações do Processo Seletivo Especial Letras Libras-Português 2015. Os resultados demonstraram que, em seus textos, ainda aparecem refletidos muitos conceitos próprios de uma cultura majoritária oral, apesar de se saber que tecnologias educacionais são instrumentos importantes no processo de ensino do surdo nas escolas.

Palavras-Chave: Sujeito e discurso. Multiculturalidade/interculturalidade.Novas tecnologias na educação de surdos.
Mers Coronavirus in Dromedary Herd in South Morocco
Authors: Elaatoul , K Dafir , Zouhair S. Kamouni Y. El, Arsalane L., B. Jouabri , Beddou G.4 , N.
Published: June 2017

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a zoonotic viral disease that can be transmitted from dromedaries to human beings. Up to December 2016, a total of 1841 cases of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection were reported to the World Health Organization, with an overall case fatality rate of 35% [1]. The current status of knowledge around MERS-CoV in dromedaries in Morocco still unknow. This article is a prospective study in dromedary herd during one year 2016 in the south of morocco. Faecal samples and nasal swabs of camels were analyzed for identification of viral sequences using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.
Post Operative Sore Throat : Incidence after nebulization with Ketamine, Lidocaine and Budesonide
Authors: , Dr. S.S. Bist Dr. Shreesh Mehrotra , Dr. Nidhi Kumar , Dr. Gurjeet Khurana
Published: June 2017

Post operative sore throat and hoarseness are common complications after endotracheal intubation. We conducted an experimental, randomized, double- blind study to compare the effectiveness of preoperative nebulisation with ketamine, budesonide and lignocaine in reducing the incidence and severity of post operative sore throat. MATERIAL & METHODS 120 patients (aged 20-60 years) scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia were enrolled. Preoperatively , patients were nebulized with ketamine (Group 1) , Budesonide (Group 2 ) , Lignocaine (Group 3 ) and distilled water (Group 4). Number of attempts required for intubation, duration of laryngoscopy and anaesthesia were recorded. Patients were evaluated post operatively at various time intervals for sore throat, hoarseness and cough, pain and signs of mucositis in laryngopharynx. RESULTS The incidence of sore throat at different time intervals was found to be least in ketamine group at 1 hr, by lignocaine at 24 hrs and budesonide at 48 hrs.. Lignocaine reduced cough at 1 and 24 hrs. Incidence of hoarseness was comparable in all the groups. CONCLUSION Nebulisation with lignocaine was efficacious in reducing cough , and ketamine reduced sore throat in early post operative period , whereas long term outcome was better with budesonide.
Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries among Preschool Children in Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia
Authors: (BDS, MDS, PhD) Faris Alotaibi  (BDS), Ahmed Sher (BDS), Rita Khounganian ,
Published: June 2017

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in Dawadmi city, Riyadh province, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on 224 children from pre-school nurseries in Dawadmi city. Clinical examination was performed and dmft index scores were recorded using WHO diagnostic criteria. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and descriptive statistics was applied. The frequency and percentage of all the nominal variables were calculated. T-test was utilized to compare the dmft among groups of teeth. The level of statistical significant difference was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: 224 children were examined, 56.7% were males and 43.3% were females, they were divided into two age groups; three – four years old and five – six years old. ECC was diagnosed in 163 children (72.77%), where 92 males and 71 females were only affected. The mean decayed missing filled tooth (dmft) was 3.69 (± 3.850). The mean of the decay component (d) was 3.22 (±3.552); the lower second molars had the highest prevalence of caries (d = 0.73) followed by the upper second molars (d = 0.70) and lower first molars (d = 0.60) respectively. The most affected caries group were the females aged three – four years (dmft = 5.57). Conclusion: Starting preschool dental services is mandatory since the ECC prevalence was 72.77% among preschool children in Dawadmi city. There is an urgent need for a call to focus on preschoolers’ oral health and parental education for prevention and early detection of ECC.
Anatomical and Orthopaedic Perspective of a Block Cervical Vertebra Anatomic, Embryological and Orthopedic Perspective
Authors: Dr Shifan Khanday , Faisal Naseer Dr Ashfaq ul Hassan , Dr Saba ,
Published: June 2017

The vertebral column can have many anatomic defects. One of the rarer vertebral defect is the block vertebrae in which two adjacent vertebrae can be fused. This is a classic example of metamerism in human body. These two vertebrae appear as Anatomically one vertebrae. The fusion can be right from the birth or can be acquired defect. There may be associated Myelopathy, Muscular weakness, Klippel Feil Deformity, Rheumatoid arthritis, Tuberculosis, scoliosis or trauma, ankylosing spondylitis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, fibrous dysplasias , rickets.
Ensino médio na rede estadual de Pernambuco: educação integral e pacto de gestão por resultados
Authors: Neto Ruy Mello , Medeiros Hugo Augusto , Mello Fernanda Maria , De Oliveira Flávia Manuella , Lira Maria Helena , Paiva Fábio
Published: June 2017

Nos últimos anos, os indicadores do ensino médio estadual em Pernambuco têm apresentado avanços. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever e analisar as políticas públicas de ensino médio da Secretaria de Educação de Pernambuco tendo em vista o papel que essas políticas podem exercer para melhorar a qualidade da educação e reduzir inequidades educacionais. Conforme apontam os dados quantitativos e as entrevistas com gestores, docentes e alunos, dois elementos centrais dessas políticas foram identificados: a educação integral e a gestão por resultados. A análise apresentada ainda não permite estabelecer se a política de educação integral pode ter contribuído para a melhoria da qualidade e da equidade quanto aspectos que sugerem o contrário.
Ensino médio, educação profissional e desigualdades socioespaciais no estado de São Paulo
Authors: Grosbaum Marta Wolak , Falsarella Ana Maria
Published: June 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma síntese dos achados relativos ao estado de São Paulo da pesquisa “Políticas para o ensino médio: o caso de quatro estados”. O texto é pautado pela seguinte problemática: há escolas de ensino médio que, apesar de localizadas em territórios de alta vulnerabilidade social e econômica, alcançam bons resultados? A pesquisa constatou fatores que contribuem para o bom aproveitamento dos alunos nas escolas investigadas, como: o bom relacionamento dos gestores com a equipe escolar e com os alunos; o trabalho em equipe; os espaços para o protagonismo juvenil na escola; a estabilidade da equipe escolar; e o apoio da equipe da Diretoria de Ensino
Condição jovem: juventude e ensino médio no Brasil
Authors: Grosbaum Marta Wolak , Falsarella Ana Maria
Published: June 2017

O artigo trata do tema “condição jovem”, um dos aspectos abordados na pesquisa “Políticas para o ensino médio: o caso de quatro estados”, desenvolvida pelo Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação, Cultura e Ação Comunitária (Cenpec) e a Fundação Tide Setubal entre 2015 e 2016 em escolas estaduais de ensino médio nos estados do Ceará, Goiás, Pernambuco e São Paulo. O texto parte da exploração teórica e legal sobre juventude e sobre ensino médio para analisar o discurso e representações dos estudantes sobre escola, juventude e futuro, levantadas por meio de entrevistas coletivas. Concluiu-se que o jovem recebe influências culturais e sociais não passivamente, mas interpretando-as à luz dos valores dos grupos aos quais pertence. Isso possibilita diferentes modos de construção identitária, o que confirma ser mais adequado falar em “juventudes”, já que inexiste um só perfil do jovem brasileiro que frequenta o ensino médio. 
Funções, estruturação e evolução das crenças (e conhecimentos) dos professores
Authors: Crahay Marcel , Wanlin Philippe , Issaieva Élisabeth , Laduron Isabelle
Published: June 2017

Sintetizando as principais contribuições dos estudos sobre as crenças e os conhecimentos dos professores, este artigo aborda uma das problemáticas ligadas à formação docente: as crenças e conhecimentos dos professores evoluem? De que maneira? Em quais condições? Para responder a essas perguntas, apresentamos diversas correntes de pesquisa: as que tratam das mudanças ditas “naturais”; aquelas sobre as fases de desenvolvimento do docente; os estudos que verificam os efeitos dos programas de formação de professores; as pesquisas que evidenciam o desenvolvimento da equipe, além dos estudos sobre as crenças dos professores iniciantes. Após a apresentação das pesquisas existentes, discutimos a constatação da dificuldade da evolução das crenças dos professores, levantando várias hipóteses para explicar a impermeabilidade relativa dessas crenças aos processos formativos.
Juventude(s) e ensino médio: relação dos estudantes com a escola, o saber e as expectativas de futuro em territórios de vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Freitas Pâmela Félix , Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes , Mello Hivy Damasio Araújo
Published: June 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para uma maior compreensão e enfrentamento dos problemas e desafios encontrados pelos jovens na sua relação com a escola e com o saber, em particular em territórios mais vulneráveis. Analisou-se um questionário aplicado a 669 estudantes da 2ª série do ensino médio de 24 escolas estaduais em 17 municípios do Ceará, Goiás, Pernambuco e São Paulo. Foram identificadas diferenças entre o perfil dos alunos dos períodos parcial e integral e como as condições escolares – e a diferenciação das oportunidades educacionais – tendem a afetar e conformar a relação dos jovens com a própria a escola e com o saber, bem como o modo como eles encaram o mundo do trabalho e a continuidade dos estudos. Por fim, aborda-se a problemática da diversificação da oferta do ensino médio e seus riscos na acentuação das desigualdades, questão mais uma vez reacendida na comparação das expectativas dos alunos do tempo integral e do parcial.
Drivers of Customer Brand Engagement and Value Co-Creation in China: A Prioritization Approach
Authors: Gueye Mane Allan , Alioune Diop Pape
Published: June 2017

Engaging customers in co-creation activities and making them active partners in the value creation and innovation processes as a new marketing perspective has become a widely accepted approach in today’s highly competitive business environment. However, research on the subject has mainly focused on the factors that motivate the customers to participate in co-creation. Little is known about the firm-based factors that can have impacts on the customers’ motivations. Using a prioritization approach with Analytical Hierarchy Process, the aim of this paper is to analyze the relative importance of perceived brand innovativeness, customer-based brand equity, relationship equity and brand literacy compared to each other in customers’ willingness to engage in co-creation. The results show that when deciding to engage in co-creation customers first consider the ability of the brand to innovate (brand innovativeness), followed by the relationship equity, customer-based brand equity and brand literacy. The present study is one of the first to empirically examine drivers of customer engagement in co-creation from the perspectives of innovativeness and customer equity drivers in an emerging market like China.
A Country Study of Côte d’Ivoire in relation to its banking sector
Authors: Yannick Gahe Zimy Samuel , Hongzhong Zhao , Belinga Thierry
Published: June 2017

The objective of this paper is to analyze the external environment of the Ivorian banking sector to identify relevant factors that may affect it somehow. To do so, we use the Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological and Legal (PESTL) basic framework as inspiration to implement our analytical process. We conduct our analysis by looking at factual elements and secondary data collected from trustworthy institutions. On the one hand, it appears that Côte d’Ivoire is a well-positioned country with numerous endowments, important investments opportunities, and a relatively open market. Banks can take advantage of the country’s development trend by managing and channeling the inflow of money. On the other hand, socio-political unrests, regional issues, and corruption are threats. Moreover, the strategic role of this country seems to be a significant factor to consider in relation to competition, political actions, and bank regulation.