bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of a poor ovarian response in assisted reproductive technology programs in patients after surgical interventions on the ovaries
Authors: Dmitrieva M. L. , Petrov I. A. , Tikhonovskaya O. A. , Logvinov S. V. , Duma O. M. , Kosimova Z. O. , Chernyshova M. A. , Yuriev S. Y. , Timofeeva O. S. , Zhdankina A. A. , Gerasimov A. V.
Published: January 2024

The aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical and anamnestic data in women of reproductive age after ovarian cyst surgery and with occult premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) to predict a poor ovarian response to stimulation.

Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of medical records of women (aged 18–40 years) with infertility at the Assisted Reproductive Technology Center of Siberian State Medical University from 2017 to 2020. The main group consisted of 84 patients who underwent ovarian cyst surgery. The comparison group consisted of 33 patients with biochemical signs of POI (follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 10–12 mMU / ml) who did not undergo ovarian cyst surgery. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), FSH, estradiol, the antral follicle count (AFC), and the ovarian response to stimulation were compared.

Results. A correlation was established between AFC and a poor ovarian response both in the main group (r = –0.7; p = 0.004) and in the comparison group (r = –0.620; p = 0.000) in women under 35 years of age. A correlation was found between the concentration of estradiol and a poor ovarian response in the comparison group in women over 35 years of age (r = –0.707; p = 0.001). A moderate negative correlation between AMH and a poor ovarian response was revealed only in the main group of women under the age of 35 years (r = –0.589; p = 0.021). A moderate negative correlation between AMH and a poor ovarian response was revealed in the comparison group in women under the age of 35 years (r = –0.648; p = 0.000), a weak negative correlation was found for women at the age of 35 years (r = –0.500; p = 0.004). In both groups, the level of FSH did not determine the ovarian response to stimulation.

Conclusion. The determination of AFC and AMH is more significant in predicting a poor ovarian response in women after ovarian surgery and in women with occult signs of POI under the age of 35 years, compared with FSH. In the group of women over 35 years with occult signs of POI, the concentration of estradiol may matter in predicting a poor ovarian response, which requires further research.
Epithelial – mesenchymal transition markers, proliferation markers, and cytokine secretion in breast tissue in malignant and benign breast diseases
Authors: Autenshlyus A. I. , Arkhipov S. A. , Mikhaylova E. S. , Arkhipova V. V. , Proskura A. V. , Varaksin N. A. , Lyahovich V. V.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To develop methodological grounds for assessing the probability of breast malignancy in patients with noncancerous breast diseases (NCBD) by the following parameters: expression of markers of epithelial – mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation and production of cytokines by samples of the breast tissue.

Materials and methods. In breast samples (BS) of patients with invasive carcinoma of no special type (ICNT) and patients with NCBD, immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of E-cadherin (CDH1), integrin β1 (CD29), type II collagen (CII), and proliferation of Ki-67. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interferon (IFN)γ, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte – macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 were determined in the supernatant of the cultured breast tissue samples.

Results. It was shown that ICNT and NCBD differ in the expression of E-cadherin, CD29, Ki-67, and the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1Ra, TNFα, IFNγ, and MCP-1. The ROC analysis found that the models characterizing the differences between the ICNT and NCBD samples were formed by the parameters of CD29 and Ki-67 expression and IL-17, IL-18, TNFα, VEGF-A, and MCP1 production. The neural network analysis revealed that CD29, IL-1Ra, TNFα, and VEGF-A had the greatest normalized importance for assessing the differences between the ICNT and NCBD samples. Clustering of the combined database of patients with NCBD and ICNT by the expression of E-cadherin, CD29, Ki-67 and by the production of IL-17, IL-18, TNFα, MCP-1, and VEGF-A resulted in a cluster which includes the parameters of 94.1% of patients with NCBD. The parameters of less than 10% of patients with NCBD who fell into other clusters practically coincided with the studied parameters of the ICNT group, which suggests that these patients may form a risk group with the malignancy probability of more than 90%.

Conclusion. The data obtained made it possible to develop methodological grounds for assessing the likelihood of breast malignancy in patients with NCBD.
Effect of long-term constant irradiation on retinal glia
Authors: Potapov A. V. , Varakuta E. Yu. , Solonsky A. V. , Logvinov S. V. , Gerasimov A. V. , Svetlik M. V. , Zhdankina A. A. , Gereng E. A. , Petrov I. A.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To study the response of retinal glial cells to constant irradiation of various intensity and to develop a mathematical model allowing to evaluate the dynamics of damage to radial glial cells and predict their photodamage depending on the duration and intensity of irradiation.

Materials and methods. Outbred sexually mature white rats (n = 50) weighing 180–200 g were exposed to constant round-the-clock light (200, 3,500 lux, days 1, 2, 7, 14, 30). The control group consisted of 25 non-irradiated animals. Using semi-thin sections stained with toluidine blue, we counted the number of pycnomorphic cells in the radial glial cells. Ultrastructural changes in the glial cells were studied using the JEM-100 CX-II electron microscope.

Results. The study showed that after photodamage, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes were mainly characterized by mitochondrial swelling and expansion of endoplasmic reticulum cisterns. Microglial cells at the late stage of the experiment (day 30) were localized in the inner layers of the retina; their density depended on the intensity of irradiation. The earliest (days 1, 2) changes in the radial glial cells were noted in the subretinal space and were manifested by proliferation of scleral processes and phagocytosis of dead sensorineural cell fragments. The intensification of destructive changes in the radial glial cells led to disturbances in neuron – glia interactions in the retina and a decrease in regeneration of retinal neurons (day 7–14). The developed mathematical model allowed to assess the dynamics of damage to the radial glial cells in the retina and to predict photodamage depending on the duration and intensity of irradiation.

Conclusion. Glial responses in the retina after photodamage depend on the intensity and duration of light exposure. As the duration of irradiation increases, degenerative changes in glial cells intensify and are more pronounced after high (3,500 lux) irradiation intensity.
Early Childhood Education Monitoring Information System (PAUD) Using Design Thinking Approach
Authors: Fiarni Cut , Yoanata Yosi , Maranatha Immanuel Fellita
Published: January 2024

PAUD Permata Tunas Daud is one of the early childhood education schools in East Java. As an early childhood education institution, communication between the school and parents regarding monitoring progress of students is very much needed; that's why Permata Tunas Daud PAUD implements two-way communication with a communication book run every week. However, physical books that frequently change hands carry a risk of loss and damage. In addition, the existing document form contains only some of the information one wishes to receive and convey. Therefore, this study aims to develop a system to help share teachers' knowledge with parents. This research used the waterfall method for software development and design thinking for problem collection. After the analysis, a solution for making an information system is determined with several features, such as an assessment element carried out by the teacher; this feature facilitates the teacher to create information on child development, which will later be displayed to parents. The system also provides an announcement feature for teachers to share knowledge with parents to support children's growth. After the software is developed, the system will be tested with two testing methods, namely black box testing and testing the user with User Acceptance Testing (UAT). Based on the UAT that has been carried out, it is found that each test has produced a value greater than or equal to 80%, so it can be concluded that the system succeeded in getting good scores from all aspects and for each user.
Semantic Communication: A Survey of Its Theoretical Development
Authors: Xin Gangtao , Fan Pingyi , Letaief Khaled B.
Published: January 2024

In recent years, semantic communication has received significant attention from both academia and industry, driven by the growing demands for ultra-low latency and high-throughput capabilities in emerging intelligent services. Nonetheless, a comprehensive and effective theoretical framework for semantic communication has yet to be established. In particular, finding the fundamental limits of semantic communication, exploring the capabilities of semantic-aware networks, or utilizing theoretical guidance for deep learning in semantic communication are very important yet still unresolved issues. In general, the mathematical theory of semantic communication and the mathematical representation of semantics are referred to as semantic information theory. In this paper, we introduce the pertinent advancements in semantic information theory. Grounded in the foundational work of Claude Shannon, we present the latest developments in semantic entropy, semantic rate-distortion, and semantic channel capacity. Additionally, we analyze some open problems in semantic information measurement and semantic coding, providing a theoretical basis for the design of a semantic communication system. Furthermore, we carefully review several mathematical theories and tools and evaluate their applicability in the context of semantic communication. Finally, we shed light on the challenges encountered in both semantic communication and semantic information theory.
Collatz Conjecture
Authors: Durmagambetov Asset , Durmagambetova Aniyar
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an analysis of the number of zeros in the binary representation of natural numbers. The primary method of analysis involves the use of the concept of the fractional part of a number, which naturally emerges in the determination of binary representation. This idea is grounded in the fundamental property of the Riemann zeta function, constructed using the fractional part of a number. Understanding that the ratio between the fractional and integer parts of a number, analogous to the Riemann zeta function, reflects the profound laws of numbers becomes the key insight of this work. The findings suggest a new perspective on the interrelation between elementary properties of numbers and more complex mathematical concepts, potentially opening new directions in number theory and analysis.
Enterococci from Food-producing Animals at a Slaughterhouse: Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity in Turkey
Authors: Cebeci Tugba
Published: January 2024

Enterococci are widely acknowledged as prominent pathogens in hospitals, with the potential to transfer resistance genes, virulence factors, or other characteristics that increase their ability to survive in humans. Healthy cattle, sheep, and goats can be reservoirs for gastrointestinal pathogenic fecal enterococci, some of which could be multidrug-resistant to antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Enterococcus species in healthy sheep, goat, and cattle carcasses, as well as to analyze the antimicrobial resistance phenotype/genotype and the virulence gene content. During 2019–2020, carcass surface samples of 150 ruminants were collected in a slaughterhouse. A total of 90 enterococci, comprising 5 species, were obtained. The overall prevalence of enterococci was found to be 60%, out of which 37.7% were identified as E. hirae, 33.3% as E. casseliflavus, 15.5% as E. faecium, 12.2% as E. faecalis, and 1.1% as E. gallinarum. Virulence-associated genes of efaA (12.2%) were commonly observed in the Enterococcus isolates, followed by gelE (3.3%), asaI (3.3%), and ace (2.2%). Characteristic resistance genes were identified by PCR with an incidence of 6.6%, 2.2%, 1.1%, 1.1%, 1.1%, and 1.1% for the tetM, ermB, ermA, aac(6’)Ie-aph(2")-la VanC1, and VanC2 genes, respectively. The high resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin (28.8%), tetracycline (21.1%), ampisilin (20%), and rifampin (15.5%) was distributed among two, four, four, and five of the five species, respectively. The resistance of Enterococcus isolates to 11 antibiotic groups was determined and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains occupied 18.8% of the Enterococcus isolates. Efflux pump genes causing multidrug resistance were detected in Enterococcus isolates (34.4%). The study's results showed that there were enterococci in the slaughterhouse that were multidrug resistant (MDR) and had a number of genes linked to virulence that could be harmful to human health.
Geometrized Vacuum Physics. Part V: Stable Vacuum Formations
Authors: Batanov-Gaukhman Mikhail
Published: January 2024

This article is the fifth part of a scientific project under the general title "Geometrized vacuum physics based on the Algebra of Signatures". In this article, Einstein's vacuum equations are used as conservation laws, and their solutions as metric-dynamic models of stable vacuum formations. Sets of metrics-solutions of vacuum equations are considered, and methods of extracting information from these metrics based on Algebra of Signature (Alsigna) are proposed. For convenience of perception of intra-vacuum processes, a change in the interpretation of the zero components of the metric tensor was used. Instead of curved space-time continua, “colored” elastoplastic continuous pseudo-mediums are introduced into consideration. In this case, the zero components of the metric tensor determine not the change in the rate of flow of local time, but the speed of flow of intra-vacuum current in the local region of the elastoplastic pseudo-medium. At the end of the article, an extended (third) Einstein vacuum equation is proposed, which allows us to consider metric-dynamic models of a variety of stable corpuscular vacuum formations. Alsigna's infinitely deepening intertwined fabric of space-time continuum, taking into account all 16 signatures (i.e. 16 types of topologies), is in many ways similar to the spin network of loop quantum gravity and to 6-dimensional Calabi-Yau manifolds. In this sense, the Algebra of Signatures can serve as a link that unites different directions in the development of quantum gravity.
PIR Sensor-Based Occupancy Monitoring in Smart Buildings: A Review of Methodologies and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Shokrollahi Azad , Persson Jan , Malekian Reza , Sarkheyli-haegele Arezoo , Karlsson Fredrik
Published: January 2024

Buildings are rapidly becoming more digitized, to a large extent due to developments in IoT. This will provide many opportunities but also a number of challenges. One of the central challenges in the process of digitizing buildings is the ability to monitor the building’s status effectively. This monitoring is essential for various services that rely on information about the presence and activities of individuals within different areas of the building. Occupancy information, including people counting, occupancy detection, location tracking, and activity detection, plays a vital role in the management of smart buildings. In this article, our primary focus is on the use of Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors for gathering occupancy information. PIR sensors are among the most widely used sensors for this purpose due to their consideration of privacy concerns, cost-effectiveness, and low processing complexity compared to many others. Despite numerous literature review articles in the field of occupancy information, there currently isn’t a specialized literature review dedicated to occupancy information derived specifically from PIR sensors.Therefore, this study analyzes articles that specifically explore the application of PIR sensors for occupancy information. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of PIR sensor technology from 2015 to 2023, with a focus on applications in people counting, activity detection, and localization (traking and location). It consolidates findings from a number of articles that have explored and enhanced the capabilities of PIR sensors in these interconnected domains. This review thoroughly examines the application of various techniques, machine learning algorithms, and configurations for PIR sensors in indoor building environments, emphasizing not only the data processing aspects but also their advantages, limitations, and efficacy in producing accurate occupancy information.These developments are crucial for improving building management systems in terms of energy efficiency, security, and user comfort, among other operational aspects.These developments are crucial for improving building management systems in terms of energy efficiency, security, and user comfort, among other operational aspects. The paper seeks to offer a thorough analysis of the present state and potential future advancements of PIR sensor technology in efficiently monitoring and understanding occupancy information by classifying and analyzing improvements in these domains.
Anaerobic Co-digestion of Pre-hydrodynamically Cavitated Aerobic Granular Sludge with Waste Fats – the Importance of Substrate Ratio and Fermentation Temperature
Authors: Dębowski Marcin , Zieliński Marcin , Kazimierowicz Joanna , Nowicka Anna , Dudek Magda
Published: January 2024

The characteristics of excess aerobic granular sludge, related to its structure and chemical composition, limit the efficiency of anaerobic digestion. For this reason, pre-treatment methods and compositions with other organic substrates are used. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of co-digestion of pre-hydrodynamically cavitated aerobic granular sludge with waste fats on the efficiency of methane fermentation under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The addition of waste fats improved the C/N ratio and increased its value to 19. The greatest effects were observed in thermophilic anaerobic digestion at 55°C, where a 15% waste fat content in volatile soilds was ensured. This resulted in the production of 1278.2±40.2 mL/gVS biogas and 889.4±29.7 mL/gVS CH4. The CH4 content of the biogas was 69.6±1.3%. The increase in biogas and CH4 yield compared to pure AGS anaerobic digestion was 34.4% and 40.1%, respectively. An increase in the proportion of waste fats in the substrate had no significant effect on the efficiency of methane fermentation.
A Bibliography Study on Biofilm Research Method
Authors: Ding Yuanzhao
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the multifaceted impact of biofilms, bacterial communities enveloped in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilms play a dual role, acting as environmental champions and health threats. They interact with heavy metals, either causing pollution or aiding environmental remediation. Beneficial biofilms generate electricity and repair concrete cracks, offering sustainable solutions. Conversely, they contribute to infections, posing health risks. The study emphasizes the need for in-depth research, utilizing bibliographic methods to analyze global biofilm research. By identifying keywords, core countries, and pivotal organizations, the paper informs future investigations, offering insights into biofilm research evolution and practical applications.
Assessment of Cementitious Composites for High Temperature Geothermal Wells
Authors: Pyatina Tatiana , Sugama Toshifumi , Moghadam Al , Naumann Marcel , Scorpa Ragnhild , Feneuil Blandine , Saustelle Vincent , Godøy Rune
Published: January 2024

High temperature (HT) geothermal wells can provide green power 24h a day 7 days a week. Harsh environmental and operational conditions, long-term durability requirements of such wells require special cementitious composites for well construction. This paper reports a comprehensive assessment of geothermal cement composites in cyclic pressure function laboratory tests, field exposures in an HT geothermal well (300-350oC) as well as a numerical model to complement the experimental results. Performances of calcium-aluminate-cement (CAC)-based composites and calcium free cement were compared against reference Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)/silica blend. The stability and degradation of the tested materials was characterized by crystalline composition, thermo-gravimetric, and elemental analyses, morphological studies, water-fillable porosity, and mechanical properties measurements. All CAC-based formulations outperformed the reference blend both in the function and exposure tests. The reference OPC/silica lost its mechanical properties during the 9-month well exposure through extensive HT carbonation, while properties of the CAC-based blends improved over that period. The Modified Cam-Clay (MCC) plasticity parameters of several HT cement formulations were extracted from triaxial and Brazilian tests and verified against the experimental results of function cyclic tests. These parameters can be used in well integrity models to predict field-scale behavior of the cement sheath under geothermal well conditions.
Transient Electromagnetic Monitoring of Permafrost:mathematical Modeling Based on Sumudu Integral Transformand Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Glinskikh Viacheslav , Nechaev Oleg , Mikhaylov Igor , Nikitenko Marina , Danilovskiy Kirill
Published: January 2024

Due to the ongoing global warming on the Earth, permafrost degradation has been extensively taking place, which poses a substantial threat to civil and industrial facilities and infrastructure elements, as well as to the utilization of natural resources in the Arctic and high-latitude regions. In order to prevent the negative consequences of permafrost thawing under the foundations of constructions, various geophysical techniques for monitoring permafrost have been proposed and applied so far: temperature, electrical, seismic and many others. At the same time, non-stationary electromagnetic methods seem to have significant potential and a number of important practical advantages. We propose a cross-borehole exploration system for the highest localization of target objects in the cryolithozone. A novel mathematical apparatus for three-dimensional modeling of transient electromagnetic (TEM) signals by the vector finite element method has been developed. The original combination of the latter, the Sumudu integral transform and artificial neural networks makes it possible to examine spatially heterogeneous objects of the cryolithozone with a high contrast of geoelectric parameters, significantly reducing computational costs. We have studied the sensitivity of the TEM signals to the boundary between thawed and frozen rocks depending on the inter-borehole distance and spatial orientations of the transmitters and receivers. Numerical simulation results of the TEM monitoring of industrial facilities located on permafrost are considered. The formation of a talik has been shown to significantly manifest itself in the measured electromagnetic responses, which enables timely prevention of industrial disasters and environmental catastrophes.
Analytical Solution of a Forced Vibrating Tube Transporting Fluid
Authors: Tembely Moussa
Published: January 2024

In this paper is proposed an analytical technique which can be used to obtain the forced response of a cantilevered tube conveying fluid. Considering the pipe subjected to an arbitrary harmonic force either distributed or concentrated, an analytical solution is found using Green’s function method. The solution obtained of the closed form satisfies the differential equations in a classical sense. The presented method giving the exact solutions is more precise than the classical eigenfunction expansion or Galerkin’s method with no need to the eigenfunctions or eigenvalues.
Commodity Market Volatility and Climate Policy Uncertainty: A GARCH-MIDAS Approach
Authors: Lasisi Lukman Abisoye , Ngwu Franklin Nnaemeka , Nnamdi Kelechi Chijindu
Published: January 2024

In this study, we employ the GARCH-MIDAS (Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity variant of Mixed Data Sampling) model to explore the predictability of commodity return volatility in relation to US climate policy uncertainty (CPU). Our analysis utilizes the 20-day annualized realized commodity volatility returns of nine global commodities (Aluminium, Cocoa, Coffee, Copper, Cotton, Rice, Soybean, Sugar, and Wheat) to construct the GARCH-MIDAS model, with Climate Policy Uncertainty (CPU) serving as the predictive variable. The outcomes of our investigation reveal a consistently positive and statistically significant relationship between CPU and the selected commodities. This implies that CPU effectively serves as a robust predictor of volatility in commodity returns. The implications drawn from our results suggest that climate change policies play a pivotal role in influencing economic activities within the commodity market. This underscores the substantial impact of climate change considerations on investment decisions and further emphasizes the integral role of climate change in shaping economic choices.
Artificial Neural Network Approach for Assessing mechanical properties and Impact Performance of Natural-Fiber Composites Exposed to UV Radiation
Authors: Nasri Khaled , Toubal Lotfi
Published: January 2024

Amidst escalating environmental concerns, short natural fiber thermoplastic (SNFT) biocomposites have emerged as sustainable materials for the eco-friendly production of mechanical components. However, their limited durability has prompted research into the experimental evaluation of the deterioration of the mechanical characteristics of SNFT biocomposites, particularly under the influence of ultraviolet rays. However, conducting tests to evaluate the mechanical properties can be time-consuming and expensive. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was employed to predict the mechanical properties (tensile strength) and the impact performance (resistance and absorbed energy) of polypropylene reinforced with 30 wt.% short flax or wood pine fibers (referred to as PP30-F or PP30-P, respectively). Eight parameters were collected from experimental studies. The ANN input parameters comprised nondestructive test results, including mass, hardness, roughness, and natural frequencies, while the output parameters were the tensile strength, the maximum impact load and absorbed energy. The model was developed using the ANN toolbox in MATLAB. The linear coefficient of correlation and mean squared error were selected as the metrics for evaluating the performance function and accuracy of the ANN model. They calculate the relationship and the average squared difference between the predicted and actual values. The data analysis conducted by the models demonstrated exceptional predictive capability, achieving an accuracy rate exceeding 96%, which was deemed satisfactory. For both the PP30-F and PP30-P biocomposites, the ANN predictions deviated from the experimental data by 3, 5, and 6% about the impact load, absorbed energy, and tensile strength, respectively.
The Congestion “Pandemic” in Acute Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Mocan Daniela , Lala Radu Ioan , Puschita Maria , Pilat Luminita , Darabantiu Dan Alexandru , Ronela Sabau , Groza Iulia Silvia , Sulea Bratu Damaris , Balta Diana , Pop-Moldovan Adina
Published: January 2024

Congestion is not only considered a cardinal sign of heart failure but also the main mechanism responsible for heart failure decompensation episodes. It is now accepted that congestion determines the phenotype of heart failure presentation in the acute setting either by volume overload, volume maldistribution or both. Recognizing the mechanism responsible for congestion is paramount, as it implies that different therapeutic strategies are required to achieve decongestion. Although achieving complete decongestion is considered the target, in most cases of acute heart failure episodes, this is hampered by various factors that lead up to residual congestion which is considered one of the strongest predictors of future cardiovascular events and poor outcomes. In this review, by immerging into the pathophysiology mechanisms of congestion, unraveling its phenotypes and discussing new diagnostic tools for targeting therapy, we are trying to acknowledge the importance of “the congestion phenomenon” and its scale among heart failure patients which is of pandemic proportions.
Using Blended Learning in Undergraduate Translation Classes: Translation Undergraduate Program at the University of Jeddah as a Case Study
Authors: Almutairi Eman Suraid
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates the application of blended learning in undergraduate translation classes to enhance the effective incorporation of technology in teaching. Blended learning is the combination of face-to-face instruction with online learning, which provides students with a flexible and diverse learning environment for developing technological proficiency. Using a case study methodology, this research examines the translation undergraduate program at the University of Jeddah, which implemented blended learning as its primary instructional framework starting in 2021. The study aims to explore the advantages and challenges associated with the adoption of blended learning in translation classes while offering practical suggestions that could help in its implementation. The findings show several advantages of integrating blended learning into undergraduate translation classes. Firstly, the students could benefit from a flexible learning environment that accommodates their individual learning preferences and schedules. Secondly, It also helps to promote active engagement and interaction which nurture collaborative learning opportunities among students. Thirdly and lastly, blended learning provides a platform for students to develop their technological skills, which become crucial in today's digital age. Despite this, the study also points out significant challenges that need to be addressed. These important challenges include the required planning and preparation involved in creating effective online components, ensuring equitable access to technology and the internet, and adapting teaching and learning approaches to optimise the blended learning experience.To sum up, this paper contributes to the understanding of blended learning in the context of undergraduate translation classes.
Serum Soluble CD163 Levels as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Kyrtsonis Marie-Christine , Koudouna Aspasia , Gkioka Annita Ioanna , Gkiokas Alexandros , Bartzi Vassiliki , Alexandropoulos Alexandros , Papadatou Mavra , Kafasi Nikolitsa , Tryfou Thomai Marina
Published: January 2024

Soluble CD163 (sCD163) functions as a scavenger receptor for haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes, and is mostly expressed by monocytes and macrophages. The level of soluble CD163 has been used to determine macrophage activation. Our goal was to determine whether the loading of M2 CD163 positive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) through the secretion of sCD163 affects overall survival in patients with DLBCL and eventually discriminates subgroups of patients with different prognosis. sCD163 levels were measured in 40 frozen serum samples from patients diagnosed with DLBCL and 30 healthy individuals (HI) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 28. The results showed that patients who achieved complete response after standard-of-care immuno-chemotherapy and were alive and disease-free after 12 months of follow-up, but had elevated sCD163 levels (above median) at diagnosis, presented a significantly worse overall survival compared to those with initial serum sCD163 levels below median (p=0.03). Consequently, serum sCD163 level in DLBCL patients may constitute a marker of long-term response to chemo-immunotherapy.
Further Delineation of Clinical Phenotype of ZMYND11 Variants in Patients with Neurodevelopmental Dysmorphic Syndrome and Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia
Authors: Bodetko Aleksandra Maria , Chrzanowska Joanna , Rydzanicz Malgorzata , Borys-Iwanicka Agnieszka , Karpinski Pawel , Bladowska Joanna , Ploski Rafal , Smigiel Robert
Published: January 2024

Intellectual disability with speech delay and behavioural abnormalities as well as hypotonia, seizures, feeding difficulties and cra-niofacial dysmorphism are the main symptoms associated with pathogenic variants of ZMYND11 gene. The range of clinical mani-festations of ZMYND phenotype is constantly being expanded by new cases described in the literature. Here, we present 2 previ-ously unreported paediatric patients with neurodevelopmental features diagnosed with missense variants in ZMYND11 gene. It should be noted that one of the individuals manifested with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia (HH), a symptom that was not de-scribed before in published works. Although the reason for the occurrence of HH in our proband is not clear, it is likely that it broadens the spectrum of symptoms characteristic of ZMYND11 syndrome. Thus, this paper contributes to extending the range of possible manifestations of ZMYND disease and further supports its association with neurodevelopmental challenges.
Analysis of the Influence of Fund Allocation and Sustainable Academic Efficiency Based on a Transformation of Public Goods in Higher Education
Authors: Chang Dian-Fu , Chang Angel
Published: January 2024

The allocation of funding for higher education typically focuses on competition in neoliberal mechanisms. Surprisingly, much less attention has been paid to considering the effect of fund locations for sustainable development through public goods purposes in neoliberal contexts. This study aims to examine specific funding schemes and determine the influential factors impacting funding for teaching, research, and public goods transformation. Taking Taiwan's Higher Education Sprout Project (HESP) as an example, we explored the effect of policy initiatives on public goods transformation towards sustainable development. The data were collected from the Ministry of Education and Scopus databases. First, a regression analysis was conducted to determine which factors influence the effect of funding allocations in academic institutes. Second, we used logistic regression to detect the effects of the system and the sector. Third, we used partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to explore the causal effects among the selected impact variables on expected outcomes. Finally, we used the bootstrap method to demonstrate the model’s robustness. Our study found that only diversity was shown in private technology groups receiving less HESP funding. At the same time, it did not widen the differences in the sector and system in the transformation process. Our findings suggest that funding allocations will not affect teaching and research based on sectors and systems. In contrast, this study demonstrates that transforming public goods through special funding can play a critical role in leading sustainable development in higher education.
Electrosurgery for the Gynaecologist: Cutting and Coagulating with One Instrument and One Setting
Authors: Koninckx Philippe R , Ussia Anastasia , Amro Bedayah , Keckstein Jörg , Keckstein Simon , Armando Romeo , Wattiez Arnaud
Published: January 2024

The relationship between tissue effects, intensity (I), and voltage (V) of a high-frequency alternative current seems well known. However, the translation of the settings of the electrosurgical unit and their use during surgery seems not to be unanimously understood by all surgeons. This results in many variations of surgical technique and plenty of specific questions asked during live surgery. Above 200 V, the heat of the sparks results in the explosion of superficial cells and a cutting effect. With higher voltages, the associated coagulation is increasing. Voltage and amount of energy (Watt=I*V) are independent since a similar amount of energy can be obtained with a continuous current or an intermittent current half the time and a double voltage. Below 200 V, tissue is heated until the steam from boiling tissue stops the current. Therefore, slower heating with less energy or a larger contact area permits deeper coagulation. The maximal output (W) of the electrosurgical unit results in versatility of use besides being a safety measure. The current intensity increases with the area of contact. Therefore, when I*V exceeds the preset output, V has to drop. A limited maximal output thus permits using the same instrument for non-contact cutting with >200V and sparks and coagulation when the contact area is much larger. In conclusion, the tissue effects of electrosurgery vary with the device’s voltage setting (often indicated as force) and the maximal output. The sur-geon’s choice to cut or coagulate by changing the contact area adds versatility.
Chemotherapeutic Activity of Dietary Supplementation of Silymarin Combined with Capecitabine and Irinotecan in 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Mouse Colon Carcinogenesis
Authors: Hassani Sepideh , Malekinejad Hassan , Khadem-Ansari Mohammad Hassan , Abbasi Ata , Kheradmand Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

The flavonoid silymarin (SMN) has been widely used in preclinical and clinical studies to treat various types of cancer, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy agents. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of SMN and its combination with capecitabine (CAP) and irinotecan (IRI) in a mouse model of colon cancer. A modified diet supplemented with SMN (2500 ppm) with mono- and combined therapy of CAP and IRI were used following 1, 2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer. The lipid profile, liver function tests, and cytokine levels were measured. Additionally, the lipid peroxidation and inflammation indices as well as the antioxidant activities were examined. Eventually, western blotting analysis for colonic BAX and Bcl-2 levels and histopathological examination of colon sections were carried out. SMN alone and in combination with the chemotherapeutic agents could attenuate the DMH-induced hyperlipidemia and elevated liver function enzyme levels. SMN supplementation with chemotherapy agents could also improve antioxidant activity and reverse the elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and inflammatory markers. Furthermore, significant upregulation of BAX and downregulation of Bcl-2 were observed. Besides, carcinogen-induced polyp multiplicity, dysplastic, and inflammatory changes were ameliorated considerably by treatment regimens. Our results showed that the potential anticancer properties of SMN could enhance the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy agents and reduce hepatotoxicity.
How to Measure Management Skills: Systematic Review
Authors: Andino-González Patricia , Vega-Muñoz Alejandro , Salazar-Sepúlveda Guido
Published: January 2024

This review article seeks to systematically identify appropriate ways to measure managerial skills. The systematic literature review was conducted according to the criteria in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guide, and the eligibility criteria were declared through the PICOS tool (population, interventions, comparators, outcomes and study); a tool based on 6,803 records identified bibliometrically in the Web of Science database. The literature review stages determined a reduced set of articles that presented valid and reliable measurement scales covering some determinant constructs on managerial skills for employability such as fundamental, emotional, managerial, leadership, decision-making, communication and teamwork skills.
The Impact of Training Reaction Times and Accuracy With Motion Controllers in Virtual Reality
Authors: Hawes Jack , Ward Gareth
Published: January 2024

This research hypothesised that the use of Virtual Reality (VR) applications can be used to train people in the ability to acquire targets faster, with greater accuracy when using motion controllers than compared with a traditional pointing device (mouse) on a 2D display. User performance was defined and measured using Reaction Time and Accuracy. The research findings suggests that the use of motion controllers in VR improved Reaction Time but not Accuracy when compared against the traditional pointing device and 2D display. This suggests that VR can be used specifically in training scenarios where Reaction Times are more important than Accuracy. It is recommended that further research is conducted using a wider range of hardware and software configurations with a stratified sample that takes into account age and gender to expand the collective understanding of factors that impact on VR aiming and target acquisition in VR.
Continuous Multi-utility Representations of Preorders and the Chipman Approach
Authors: Bosi Gianni , Daris Roberto , Zuanon Magalì
Published: January 2024

Chipman contends, in stark contrast to the conventional view, that utility is not a real number but a vector and is inherently lexicographic in nature. According to these views, it will be proved that, for every preordered topological space (X,≾,t), the assumption t to be finer than the order topology t≾ on (X,t), i.e. t⊇t≾, and the assumption the quotient topology t∣∼≾ that is defined on the preordered set (X∣∼,≾∣∼) of indifference classes of ≾ to be Hausdorff imply that a cardinal number κ and a (complete) preorder ≲ on {0,1}κ that is coarser than the lexicographical ordering ≤lex on {0,1}κ, i.e. ≤lex⊂≲, can be chosen in such a way that there exists a continuous order-embedding ϑ:(X,≾,t)⟶({0,1}κ,≲,t≤lex). This theorem will be compared with a theorem that, in particular, describes necessary and sufficient conditions for ≾ to have a continuous multi-utility representation.
Cross-sectional Analysis of Infant Diet, Outcomes, Consumer Behavior and Parental Perspectives to Optimize Infant Feeding in Response to the 2022 U.S. Infant Formula Shortage
Authors: Damian-Medina Karla , Cernioglo Karina , Waheed Maha , DiMaggio Dina M. , Porto Anthony F. , Smilowitz Jennifer T.
Published: January 2024

In May of 2022, millions of U.S. parents faced uncertainty in safely feeding their infants due to the infant formula shortage. Methods: An anonymous, electronic, cross-sectional, retrospective survey was used. Results: U.S. parents (n =187) whose infants were 10.2 weeks old during the short-age completed the survey. Eighty-one percent of parents switched formulas during the shortage, 87% switched because they could not find the formula they typically used, 34% switched 3-5 times, 29% of parents visited ≥ 4 stores/24 hours and 26% of parents traveled >20 miles/24 hours to purchase formula. Use of infant formula increased (p< 0.01); in infants requiring specialty for-mula, use of intact cow’s milk formula increased (p < 0.05) and use of premature infant formulas decreased (p < 0.05). Infants relying on specialty formulas experienced at least one undesirable outcome compared with non-specialty users. Parents used social media, relatives/friends, and healthcare providers for support during the shortage, but their helpfulness scores were suboptimal. Parents reported needs for greater infant formula availability, free prenatal lactation education and postpartum lactation support. Conclusions: Government, regulatory and healthcare policy oversight are needed to protect the infant feeding system, including more commercially available products, access to banked donor milk and lactation support.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Game Based Learning Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Peserta Didik Kelas 12 RPL A SMK Negeri 5 Surakarta
Authors: Karim Rifa'i Abdul , Basori Basori , Kurniasari Kurniasari
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan untuk memahami dampak model pembelajaran Game Based Learning terhadap perkembangan motorik peserta didik kelas 12 RPL A di SMK Negeri 5 Surakarta. Maksud dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas model pembelajaran tersebut dalam meningkatkan keterampilan motorik peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif dengan melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui observasi perkembangan motorik dan penerapan Game Based Learning selama periode tertentu. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 34 siswa kelas 12 RPL A. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Game Based Learning memiliki dampak positif signifikan terhadap perkembangan motorik peserta didik kelas 12 RPL A. Mengacu pada hasil tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan Game Based Learning pada mempunyai peluang yang sangat besar terhadap perkembangan motorik peserta didik.
Experimental Investigation Using Low-Frequency Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Two Parallel Propagating Fractures
Authors: Reid T. , Li G. , Zhu D. , Hill A. D.
Published: January 2024

Low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LF-DAS) is a diagnostic tool for hydraulic fracture propagation in the far-field using measured values of strain. To understand subsurface conditions with multiple propagating fractures, a laboratory-scale hydraulic fracture experiment was performed to simulate the LF-DAS response to fracture propagation with embedded distributed optical fiber strain sensors under these conditions. The objectives of this research are to generate two hydraulic fractures of known geometry, measure the strain response along distributed fiber sensors embedded in the sample, and use the results to improve interpretations of field LF-DAS data when multiple fractures are approaching an observation well.

The experiment was performed using a transparent 8-inch cube of epoxy with two-parallel radial initial flaws centered in the cube 2.6-inches apart. Fluid was injected into the sample to generate fractures along the initial flaws. The experiment used distributed high-definition fiber optic strain sensors with tight spatial resolutions. The sensors were embedded at two different locations on opposite sides of the initial flaws, serving as observation/monitoring locations. Pressure and fracture propagation were also recorded. This paper presents a workflow to model fracture geometries, and simulate the resulting strain along a fiber optic sensor. We employed finite element modeling to numerically solve the linear elastic equations of equilibrium continuity and stress-strain relationships. The simulation domain includes one-half of the 8-inch epoxy cube with two radial fractures. The measured strains from the experiment were compared to simulation results from the finite element model.

The experimentally derived strain and strain-rate waterfall plots from this experiment show responses to both fractures propagating, while the fracture below took most of the fluid during the experiment. Interestingly, a fracture first began propagating from the upper of the two flaws, but once the lower fracture was initiated, it grew much more than the upper fracture. Both fibers were intercepted by the lower fracture, further verifying the strain signature as a fracture is approaching and intersecting an offset fiber.

The zero-strain-rate method was applied to both fibers to dynamically estimate the propagation of the fracture fronts as they approached the fibers. The fracture growth behavior interpreted with the zero-strain-rate method compared well to the evolving fracture dimensions obtained from video-recording of the fracture geometries. The results from this work can be used in the field to reveal stress shadowing effects of two fractures and further increase our understanding of how LF-DAS can be used in the field to diagnose fracture propagation when multiple fractures are approaching an observation well.