bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Female Mid-Career Professional Trajectories in Higher Education
Authors: Hayes Catherine , Graham Yitka N. H.
Published: September 2022

This chapter provides an insight into the trinity of pedagogy, research, and knowledge exchange, which now characterises all strategic and operational levels of United Kingdom (UK) higher education institutions (HEIs). All have important implications for the degree of agency women are afforded within their everyday professional practice. By framing issues such as embodiment, political lenses such as neoliberalism, and the national initiatives which influence the sector to such a great deal in the UK, the chapter is used as a means of considering various aspects of professional organisations that afford female mid-career professionals so much, yet at the same time can pose challenges to promotion and developmental progression. It also highlights the broad consideration of the challenges of professional development, being able to refocus female academic careers and personal lives following the global pandemic and the impact on framing professional identity.
Are Indian Higher Education Institutions Doing Their Bit Towards Empowerment of Mid-Career Women?
Authors: Jain Shilpa , Bajaj Bhavna , Singh Aarushi
Published: September 2022

Gender diversity and empowerment of mid-career women in the workplace have rightfully gained importance over the last decade. However, there is a paucity of research pertaining to the position of mid-career women in higher education institutions (HEI) in India. The data suggest that while there has been an increase in the number of women in the academic sphere, yet there is a visible lack of women in the top academic leadership positions across Indian HEIs. This chapter explores the HR practices adopted by top public and private universities to support women's career progression. Using a mixed-method approach, the chapter identifies barriers to women's growth in academia. And finally, the authors make suggestions for promoting female academicians by comparing existing practices to those practised in gender-equal countries across the globe.
Living and Leading Authentically
Authors: Thwaite Sapna Vyas
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores the personal and professional challenges faced by female professors in academia, particularly women at the mid-career stage. It draws upon an authentic leadership framework and provides recommendations for how higher education institutions can support mid-career female academics in their quest to reinvigorate their professional vision and goals in the mid-career space. It also provides suggestions to help mid-career female academics be successful but true to themselves.
Pedagogical Shift in Education
Authors: Singh Amit
Published: September 2022

A combination of social constructivism and critical pedagogy is what is referred to as transformative pedagogy. One industry where pedagogy reform is strongly desired is education. In addition, the COVID-19 curse forced society to choose such options above the demand in order to shore up the aspirants' future. Researchers and industry professionals are looking for automated solution methods to make it more interactive and simple for children and young people to grasp. Artificial intelligence is a technology solution that can be used to equip and improve human relationships and bonding with learning. Along with the beneficial inclusion, there are a few drawbacks that could cause a catastrophe, much like anything in the current educational system. This chapter, therefore, covers both parts of artificial intelligence-based solutions and futuristics with the challenges. The research being done in this area and the solutions that have already been produced are also highlighted. Discussion of the findings and potential future applications in the context of security and privacy follows.
Reinventing HR Practices Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sharma Purnima
Published: September 2022

Artificial intelligence, which is one of the most advanced and growing technologies in today's era, has helped a lot in improving the HR activities like recruitment, staffing, training and development, career planning, and so on. With the changing digitalized scenario, there are many technological advancements that take place in the area of human resources, which helps HR professionals to perform their tasks in a better way within a minimum timeframe. In this chapter, the author focuses on the revolution of AI in the field of human resources. The importance of AI in HR is also an area of concern in this chapter. With the fast-moving scenario, the author also focuses in the developmental areas of AI technology-based programs and applications in the organizations. Ethics in AI also needs to be followed by the organizations, which is also an area which is taken into consideration by the author. Among the applications, AI can shortlist the best possible fits in just the wink of eye and hence reduce human effort.
Quantum Blockchain
Authors: Nimbe Peter , Weyori Benjamin Asubam , Mensah Jacob , Amponsah Anokye Acheampong , Adekoya Adebayo Felix , Adjei Domfeh Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

Quantum blockchain is a distributed database that is decentralized, encrypted, and based on quantum information theory and computation. This comes as a result of the recent progress made in quantum computing and the need for quantum equivalents of classical blockchains. Algorithms, frameworks, models, tools, architectures, and databases, of which quantum blockchain is a part, are still being standardized. Recently, the growth of quantum information theory and computation has resulted in a rise in the number of research ongoing in this domain. This chapter presents an insight into quantum blockchain using the PRISMA technique with results registered and analyzed. The literature is analyzed based on some parameters or categorizations accompanied by graphical and tabular representations.
Introduction to Quantum-Resistant Blockchain
Authors: Unogwu Omega John , Doshi Ruchi , Hiran Kamal Kant , Mijwil Maad M.
Published: September 2022

Quantum-resistant blockchains refer to cryptographic processes that are resistant to attacks via quantum computers. Present public-key algorithms depend on the difficulty of deciphering the discrete log and factorization problem of large prime numbers. Shor's algorithm can be used to break the hash signatures by quantum computers. Therefore, it is necessary for the development of a post-quantum secure signature scheme or quantum-resistant blockchain for post-quantum blockchain security. This chapter will discuss the impact quantum computers are predicted to have on public key cryptography based on the following topics: quantum computers, public key cryptography, quantum threat to PKI, Shor's and Grover's algorithms, post-quantum cryptography, and quantum-resistant blockchain.
A Scrutiny Review of CPS 4.0-Based Blockchain With Quantum Resistance
Authors: Joshi Chandani , Bhole Chitra , Vaswani Naveen
Published: September 2022

Data collection mechanisms have become effectively advanced by leveraging the internet of things and cyber physical systems. The sensors are heavily developed with intricate details to capture data in varied forms which can be stored and used as an information base for knowledge extraction using analytics and statistical prognostication in artificial intelligence sub-branches. Storing this data with a different approach that ensures stringent security measures is done using blockchain. The loopholes that compromise the security of blockchain are quantum computing for which quantum resistant blockchain ideas are discussed. This chapter finally sheds some light on the effective approach to implement the CPS 4.0-based blockchain mechanism with detailed scrutiny.
Advancements in Blockchain Technology With the Use of Quantum Blockchain and Non-Fungible Tokens
Authors: Khan Farhan , Kothari Rakshit , Patel Mayank
Published: September 2022

Blockchain is a new but quickly growing technology in the world, which was developed by a pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009 as the cryptocurrency Bitcoin. Blockchain was un-hackable but now, due to use of quantum computers, it is possible to tamper with blockchain. As a counter to this, the researchers have come up with quantum blockchain using the principles of quantum cryptography. Today we see that the technology has given birth to many new technologies as well. One of its examples is non-fungible tokens (NFTs). These are a new sort of blockchain-based token that is unique and indivisible. They were first created in 2014. These are blockchain-based virtual assets. Since early 2021, the phenomena and its marketplaces have increased dramatically.
Instagramable Tourism and Architectural Reproducibility in Indonesia
Authors: Purwani Ofita , Dandy Alvin Try , Hardiana Ana , Hatmoko Adi Utomo
Published: September 2022

Instagramable tourism flourished in Indonesia in the last five years. This rapid spread is identified with the destinations practicing architectural replication and illusion. This chapter aims to explore 1) the architectural practices involved in Instagramable architecture in Indonesia, 2) to what extent architectural practices are reproduced in Instagramable tourism, 3) how they relate to the social media and the Instagram users' characteristics. The authors explore the Instagramable tourist destinations popularised through Instagram in the last five years by mapping and categorizing them. They then go deeper into each category to see how architectural reproducibility happens in Instagramable tourism. The result shows that the Instagramable tourist destinations in Indonesia use a similar method which is copying previous architectural practices to some degree. The mechanism of the spread of architectural practices in Instagramable tourism is unique to today's culture, with the social media and ‘wallpaper culture'.
A Systematic Review on the Sustainable Development of Museum Cultural and Creative Products
Authors: Liu Hui , Zainal Abidin Siti Norzaini
Published: September 2022

Museum cultural and creative products (MCCP) are critical components of the cultural derivatives market because they exhibit the museum's unique cultural connotation and attraction. Additionally, they provide the museum with significant social and economic benefits. The purpose of this study is to summarize the empirical findings from the state-of-the-art papers on MCCPs. As a result, the authors completed a systematic evaluation of the literature on 20 articles published between 2010 and 2022 in the SCOPUS database. This study identifies the most recent rising trends in MCCP while highlighting the literature gap, obstacles, and opportunities for future research approaches. The findings emphasize the importance of conducting extensive testing on MCCPs from a broader perspective, as well as determining how to achieve the sustainable development of MCCPs. The chapter provides a framework and insight for future researchers.
The Possibility of Integrating Biophilic Design Elements Into School Designs to Enhance Student Well-Being
Authors: Mari TamilSalvi , Hui Ming Lau , Kuppusamy Sivaraman , Gunasagaran Sujatavani
Published: September 2022

The physical environment of the Malaysian schools has remained unchanged for decades, thus not providing a conducive learning environment that promotes the well-being of students. Several studies on biophilic designs have been shown to enhance occupant well-being in living and working environments. Therefore, the study attempts to investigate the possibility of integrating biophilic design in Malaysian primary schools to improve students' well-being. This study determines the biophilic elements that contribute to the development of the students' well-being and investigate the students' preferences for the biophilic environment in their schools. The study employs a quantitative approach using a set survey questionnaire. The findings show to what extent biophilic design elements are currently integrated into primary school designs. Findings would assist designers and authorities in their efforts for the future development of school environment design considering student wellbeing.
Oil Prices, Macroeconomic Performance, and Sustainability
Authors: Kilinc-Ata Nurcan
Published: September 2022

This chapter examines the effect of oil prices on selected macroeconomic variables such as economic growth, inflation, interest rate, unemployment, and import in Turkey. Johansen cointegration and vector error correction model (VECM) were used for yearly data from 1990 to 2020. According to the findings, the rise in oil prices in the short term has a positive impact on unemployment and economic growth, which are among the selected variables. However, it is observed that a rise in oil prices in the long term has an unstable volatile effect on selected macroeconomic variables. It is recommended that Turkey (which is a developing oil-dependent country and where macroeconomic variables are vulnerable to oil shocks) should spread its oil providers, focus on domestic energy resources, develop advanced technology to raise the usage of renewable energy resources, and implement energy-saving policies.
Environmental Finance for a Sustainable Society
Authors: Kiranmai J. , Mishra Ram Kumar , Goud M. Maschendar , Rafay Abdul , Nakitende Marie G.
Published: September 2022

The global environment and climatic systems are heating up due to increased human activities. Making it happen due to technology and the availability of natural resources would be one of the greatest challenges that the cleantech revolution would be facing in the global market. In a short span of time, funding cleantech projects without sacrificing profitability and improving quality of life for a sustainable community has been understood to be a viable solution to the problem. In this context, it may be mentioned that a new stream of finance has emerged called environmental finance. The chapter throws light on the typology of funding agencies engaged in providing environmental finance and the role of governments in formulating relevant policies to promote lending for environmental projects. An array of financing instruments for environmental projects has been discussed to indicate the mobilizing potential for such projects with special reference to India.
Theoretical Perspectives on Understanding Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Kurebwa Jeffrey
Published: September 2022

This study focuses on the various theoretical perspectives that have been developed by various scholars to understand gender-based violence (GBV). These theories are very important as they influence on the interventions that can be taken to reduce GBV. The following nine theoretical perspectives will be discussed in this article: psychological, sociological, feminism, exchange, resources, stress, economic exclusion, intersectional, and ecological. This study will look at the strength and weaknesses of all the theoretical perspectives.
Digital Games and Violence
Authors: Çat Arzu Kalafat
Published: September 2022

Play plays an important role in the child's emotional, cognitive, and physical development. Children play a role in social relations with social behavior, coming from the top of social conflict, social maturation, and self-esteem. The experiences gained while playing games give the child the ability to find solutions to the problems they face in the social environment. The game, which is the main object of amusement, has moved from the social environment to the virtual atmosphere as a result of technological developments. The main theme of this research is violent games, which are often played by children in elementary school age. Many have come up with the fact that violent visual and textual codes are being used. In this context, in regional surveys conducted in Bolu province, digital games played mostly by 8- to 12-year-old children were determined by face-to-face interview with children. Violent elements in these digital games have been discussed within the framework of relevant theoretical approaches through three games that children play most.
Violence Aestheticized in Sports Publications and Broadcasts
Authors: Sirer Esennur
Published: September 2022

The most important thing that human beings enjoy doing is playing games. Maybe the game culture, which is an activity as old as human history, has been going on for centuries. Another activity that has been going on for centuries is the sports shows that are aestheticized. Especially football matches, which are loved and liked by large masses, take the individual away from the stress of daily life and experience some kind of catharsis due to the pleasure obtained while watching or watching by nature. Football matches returning to the mass purification field can also be a charging area of violence. In order to keep this field alive, all actors of football support violence, knowingly or not. Football player, manager, referee, audience, and media are the leading actors. In particular, it offers sports shows and aesthetics on the field to increase the number of television viewers.
Mass Shootings in Rural American Schools
Authors: Barnes Lynn M.
Published: September 2022

Although student homicides have remained consistently low over the past decades, highly publicized lethal incidents in American schools have garnered concern among the public. Mass shootings in primary and secondary schools have impacted the fear of victimization and subsequently affected school policies to prevent and control school violence. While school violence is largely viewed as a problem in urban schools, mass shootings have occurred more often in town and rural schools. This chapter examines the nature, prevalence, and incidence of mass shootings and multiple victim violence in rural schools. The chapter includes a review of contributing factors to mass school shootings and examines perceptions and fear of the problem from students and parents. The chapter concludes with threat assessment, and research on prevention and control strategies.
Challenging Norms Supportive of Violence
Authors: Dodo Obediah
Published: September 2022

Norms have a contribution in determining violence: how it starts, is unleashed, and its effect on the entirety of the society. They are important in moulding the behaviours of the people. However, they may be problematic and instigate violence. Realising an upsurge in violence emanating from some of the norms in Zimbabwean cultures, the study sought to understand all the various forms of norms, their functionalities, and how they influence violence before seeking to craft means of challenging them. The study is guided by the social norms approach. The study found out that social and cultural norms have over a period grown to define most societies' ways of life. However, there are elements that always try to create conflicts. To attend to the disruptive elements, there are interventions that may be applied to challenge some of these norms, usually combined with other methods, legislation and policies, education, adoption of contemporary world standards, communication, and inclusive lobbying and advocacy, among others.
Law Enforcement's Impact on School Violence
Authors: Grant Tanya M. , Fidler Jessica
Published: September 2022

Since the 1980s, school violence has been prominent in society and is gradually increasing in occurrence. In 1999, the Columbine High School shooting shocked the country demonstrating how deadly school violence can be, with a death count of 13 total people, including 12 students and 1 teacher. The next prominent occurrence was in 2005 on the Red Lake Indian Reservation, where 10 people were killed at the hands of a 16-year-old student. Another more recent act of school violence was in 2012 in Newtown, Connecticut, at Sandy Hook Elementary School. There, the shooter killed 28 people including children and teachers inside the school and his mother. And the latest horrific incidence of this kind took place at the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, in February of 2018. The shooter took the lives of 14 students and 3 school employees. As a response to these shootings, law enforcement has collaborated with schools to implement the use of school resource officers, emergency evaluation/reaction drills, and new policies regarding school violence.
Banalising Evil?
Authors: Membrive Veronica
Published: September 2022

2018 was the celebration year of the 20th anniversary of the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, bringing power-sharing and much peace to Northern Ireland. Twenty years seem a fair distance to address the issue from a comical viewpoint. Lisa McGee's television show Derry Girls (2018) released in Channel 4, and recently in Netflix, seems to convey a nostalgic and caustic outlook at the 1990s during the last years of The Troubles and focuses on the lives of a gang of four Irish teenagers growing up in the setting of Catholic Derry. This chapter will interrogate the banalization of evil conveyed by McGee by tackling the representation of evil and violence in Northern Ireland during The Troubles.
“What We Need Is Bullet Control”
Authors: Kerr Selina E.M.
Published: September 2022

Following high-profile mass shootings in the United States, there are policy debates about gun regulation; yet, for the most part, these stall. This chapter suggests that an alternative way to frame this issue would be through “bullet control,” centering on the ammunition used. In order to inflict the greatest degree of damage possible, mass shooters tend to carry large quantities of bullets and large-capacity magazines with them. Harm-inducing bullets, such as hollow-points which penetrate certain parts of the body, have been used in previous mass shootings. Policy proposals could center on these areas to reduce harm in a mass shooting. Another regulation could focus on mandating background checks for ammunition. Interviews were conducted with six participants with knowledge of gun policies and/or gun violence prevention advocacy. Findings from interviews indicate support for these policy proposals. Discussed are ways to increase public support for these proposals via framing strategies. Also deliberated is whether the current political climate is conducive to pass legislation.
Social and Economic Consequences of Violent Armed Conflicts
Authors: Sudan Falendra Kumar
Published: September 2022

Ongoing violent armed conflict in Jammu and Kashmir has resulted in the displacement of thousands of non-Kashmiri households since early 1998. Displacement increases the pressures on young children to work, possibly at the expense of their schooling, and also leads to under-nourishment and malnutrition, which has caused poor physical growth, inability to learn, and poor work performance. The “care and maintenance” assistance and aid received by displaced families was completely undependable, erratic, and inadequate, and given the opportunity, they would like to move out from the camp as quickly as possible. The displaced children have special vulnerabilities and require additional care and protection from disease, hunger, malnutrition, and abuse. There is urgent need to meet the physical needs of displaced families such as water, sanitation, healthcare, shelter, and psycho-social assistance. Education, including literacy training, primary, secondary, tertiary, vocational, life skills, informal, and other age-specific educational opportunities, is needed for young children.
Honor-Related Violence in the Netherlands
Authors: Janssen Janine
Published: September 2022

What has the Dutch police learned about violence in the name of the family honor over the years? In the first paragraph, authors will deal with the question: What is violence in the name of the family honor? And what has the Dutch police done to curb this particular form of violence? The second paragraph addresses the question: What tools do the Dutch police have for dealing with this form of violence and helping vulnerable groups in society? The most important lesson that the Dutch Police have learned is that this form of violence has many faces. It might be a threat or have a lethal outcome. Next to that, ancient honor codes are capable of tapping into modern times: offenses against the honor of the family do not only take place in ‘real life' so to speak, but also online. In the early days in The Netherlands, violence in the name of family honor was often associated with migrants of Turkish decent, but nowadays the police also see cases in other communities.
Violence is as American as Cherry Pie
Authors: Stanko Stephen C. , Crews Gordon A.
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to offer “food for thought” regarding an under researched area of juvenile violence causation: the possible connection between steadily increasing incarceration rates and steadily increasing incidents of school violence. Unfortunately, the negative, and sometimes violent, traits individuals develop while incarcerated are often brought out into their lives in society and personal lives, which often involve the raising of children. Research has documented the impacts that being incarcerated can have upon an individual. There is growing research supporting that these newly developed traits and behaviors can easily be imbedded in the children in which they have contact with upon release. The authors argue that we should not be surprised about the increases in juvenile violence given the constant flow of individuals in and out of American prisons. This is not to say that everyone who has served time will follow this path, but this is one area where actions and patterns of behavior which have been developed in one social environment can saturate another.
Can Terrorism Mold Itself to Outer Space?
Authors: Alshdaifat Shadi A. , Silverburg Sanford R.
Published: September 2022

Benefiting from the progress of technology, terrorism poses a major threat to international peace and security. Terrorist acts might move to other forms and are the culmination of processes that often begin with radicalization, the formation of extremist views, and acceptance of violence as a means through which to attempt change. As with other types of offenses, there is no internationally agreed upon definition of terrorism, but several conducts are universally accepted as expressions thereof. Terrorist-related offenses include the use of violence for political purposes, such as the hijacking of aircraft, targeting of marine vessels, the use of chemical or nuclear weapons against civilians, kidnapping, and other forms of targeting civilians. Terrorism itself is not a new phenomenon, yet the early 21st century is being shaped by a more intense focus on the issue and an increased awareness of terrorist acts and groups. If terrorism in outer space became a reality, then the cause is not different from other forms of terrorism in that violent extremism is often driven by feelings of isolation and exclusion, as well as fear and ignorance. To strengthen a sustainable solution, responses to violent extremism must be implemented in a framework respectful of human rights and the rule of law; otherwise, the exclusion is exacerbated, and the international community will witness another form of chaos.
PIK3CA Mutation is Associated with Poor Response to HER2-Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Kim Ju Won , Lim Ah Reum , You Ji Young , Lee Jung Hyun , Song Sung Eun , Lee Nam Kwon , Jung Seung Pil , Cho Kyu Ran , Kim Cheol Yong , Park Kyong Hwa
Published: September 2022

PurposeMutations in the PIK3CA gene occur frequently in breast cancer patients. Activating PIK3CA mutations confer resistance to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted treatments. In this study, we investigated whether PIK3CA mutations were correlated with treatment response or duration in patients with HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical information of patients with HER2+ breast cancer who received HER2-targeted therapy for early-stage or metastatic cancers. The pathologic complete response (pCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were compared between patients with wild-type PIK3CA (PIK3CAw) and those with mutated PIK3CA (PIK3CAm). Next-generation sequencing was combined with examination of PFS associated with anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment.ResultsData from 90 patients with HER2+ breast cancer were analyzed. Overall, 34 (37.8%) patients had pathogenic PIK3CA mutations. The pCR rate of the PIK3CAm group was lower than that of the PIK3CAw group among patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage cancer. In the metastatic setting, the PIK3CAm group showed a significantly shorter mean PFS (mPFS) with first-line anti-HER2 mAb. The mPFS of second-line T-DM1 was lower in the PIK3CAm group than that in the PIK3CAw group. Sequencing revealed differences in the mutational landscape between PIK3CAm and PIK3CAw tumors.ConclusionPatients with HER2+ breast cancer with activating PIK3CA mutations had lower pCR rates and shorter PFS with palliative HER2-targeted therapy than those with wild-type PIK3CA. Precise targeted-therapy is needed to improve survival of patients with HER2+/PIK3CAm breast cancer.
The impact of government size on economic growth in Algeria: a threshold analysis
Authors: Chekouri Sidi Mohammed , Chibi Abderrahim , Benbouziane Mohamed
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to examine the growth-government spending nexus for Algeria. Our empirical investigation follows the endogenous growth literature by using GDP growth rate as dependent variable and government expenditure as a share of GDP as the main explanatory variable. We then perform the Hansen’s (2317) regression kink model with an unknown threshold to estimate the optimal government size during the period 1973-2020. The obtained results confirm the validity of the Armey curve hypothesis in the case of Algeria, and suggest an estimated government size that maximizes economic growth around 30.4 percent of GDP. Accordingly, since Algeria has attained its optimal level of government size, it seems to be more important for authorities to improve the efficiency of government expenditure.
Jeunes et emploi en Algérie : de l´insertion économique vers l´inclusion sociétale ?
Authors: Musette Mohamed Saib
Published: September 2022

Les jeunes sont confrontés, de nos jours, partout dans le monde, à l´accès à l´emploi. En 60 ans d´indépendance, trois phases historiques sont construites pour cerner l´évolution de la stratégie algérienne en direction des jeunes sur le marché du travail. A chaque phase, des mécanismes sont mis en oeuvre pour agir sur le chômage des jeunes. Ces dispositifs passent progressivement du principe de l´insertion vers celui de l´inclusion sociétale. Le taux de chômage des jeunes est un indicateur puissant du niveau de réussite des stratégies. Avec le principe de l´inclusion, l´autonomie ne s´arrête pas à l´économique, elle est élargie à la participation des jeunes aussi à la sphère décisionnelle.La mise en oeuvre des stratégies impose certes des ajustements aux conjonctures. Avec l´adoption d´un cadre de suivi et d´évaluation pour chaque dispositif, les principes de transparence et de redevabilité deviennent possibles.
Système éducatif et inégalités sociales et spatiales en Algérie soixante-ans après l’indépendance
Authors: Medjoub Razika , Hammouda Nacer-Eddine
Published: September 2022

Ce travail abordera les inégalités des chances dans l’Ecole algérienne et la politique de soutien à la scolarisation, à partir des données des recensements nationaux de la population et de l’habitat (1966, 1977, 1987, 1998, 2008), les données administratives du ministère de l’Education nationale et l’enquête par grappes à indicateurs multiples MICS-6/2019. La politique de démocratisation et de gratuité de l’enseignement, adoptée par l’Etat depuis l’indépendance, a permis en effet un accès massif à l’éducation pour les deux sexes, mais il ne s’est toujours pas généralisé, avec des disparités régionales avérées notamment le retard observé dans les Hauts Plateaux-Centre et le Grand Sud. Les inégalités sociales et spatiales impactent le parcours scolaire des enfants dans les trois paliers, en particulier le niveau secondaire. La politique sociale de l’éducation cible plus les enfants du primaire du milieu rural et moins les deux autres paliers, notamment en termes de couverture et de spécificité de leurs besoins. Bien que le soutien financier ou matériel vise les enfants pauvres, surtout du palier primaire, ce ne sont pas tous les enfants pauvres qui y ont accès. Les autres catégories en bénéficient également.
Diversification économique, qualité des institutions et ressources naturelles : cas de l’Algérie
Authors: Mehibel Samer , Menna Khaled , Boudjana Reda Hamza
Published: September 2022

La diversification fait face à de multiples obstacles dans les pays riches en ressources naturelles. Les tentatives d’amorcer une réelle politique de diversification ont connu des résultats mitigés. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les entraves à la diversification des exportations, à travers l’étude d’un panel de 53 pays sur une période allant de 1996 à 5318 et l’application d’un modèle de données de panel à effet de seuil (PTR). Nos résultats montrent que la variable qualité institutionnelle divise l’échantillon en deux régimes. Le premier avec des effets négatifs de la rente sur la diversification des exportations. Le second enregistre le même effet négatif mais avec un degré moindre. Cela implique que la variable institutionnelle joue un rôle déterminant dans la réussite du processus de diversification des exportations. Ces résultats sont semblables pour l’Algérie auxquels s’ajoute l’importance de trois facteurs, à savoir, l’ouverture commerciale, le capital humain et les IDE.
Extraction of economic variables stimulating the activity of the Algiers stock exchange using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ferahi Fadhila
Published: September 2022

Since two decades of the establishment of Algiers Stock Exchange, it has not yet reached the required addition to the national economy. So, in the context of the reform policies to enhance the pillars of economic recovery, this study came to examine the mechanisms that activate the role of this stock exchange, examining the economic variables that have stimulated its activity, and explore solutions that can be adopted to meet the challenges basing on experiences of other countries and using modern techniques of machine learning such that classification algorithms used in the Python software. Based on economic database on Algeria, during the period 1999-2020, this research reached to extract and classify three variables with positive effect on the performance of the Algiers Stock Exchange, and nominated the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to determine the optimal model which can predict the positive development of this stock exchange with highest accuracy and best recall.
L' investissement privé en Algérie : Chronologie de 60 années de réformes juridiques inachevées (1962 – 2022)
Authors: MOULOUD Abdenour , Lalali Rachid
Published: September 2022

Depuis le 1er code des investissements de 1960 jusqu’à nos jours, le cadre juridique régissant l’investissement privé en Algérie est un perpétuel chantier de réformes. En effet, en soixante ans d’indépendance, l’Algérie en est à son 7ème code des investissements et un 8ème est en cours d’élaboration. Cet article retrace, chronologiquement, les faits marquants de l’évolution de l’investissement privé en Algérie, depuis l’indépendance à nos jours, dans sa dimension juridique. Dans cette optique, une étude descriptive et une analyse chronologique ont été adoptées, consistant à décrire et analyser le cadre juridique régissant l’investissement privé, une démarche méthodologique appuyée bien évidemment, par des données statistiques relatives à la place du secteur privé pour chaque période étudiée. Les résultats obtenus lèvent le voile sur l’instabilité juridique caractérisant l’investissement privé en Algérie et témoignent de l’absence de vision stratégique à long terme du législateur algérien.
Effects of Kenaf Fibre on Fresh Properties of Fibrous Concrete
Authors: Ogunbode E. B. , Garba Y. Y. , Musa B. , Oliver M. , Daniya N. S. , Ekekezie C. U.
Published: September 2022

As a result of global quest for sustainable materials to achieve a bio based economy and low carbon foot print environment, the use of fibre to produce fibrous concrete composite has continuously received significant research attention. While several researches have been conducted on metallic and synthetic fibrous concretes, they exhibit several unavoidable drawbacks and bio fibrous concrete has proven to be a better alternative. Therefore, the effect of fibre volume fraction and fibre length on fresh properties of concrete was investigated. The bio fibrous concrete mix was made of six different fibre volume fractions (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) and corresponding three different fibre lengths of 25 mm, 50 mm and 75 mm. A concrete mix proportion of grade 30 N/mm2 at 28 days target strength was prepared. A total of 19 different concrete mixes comprising of one PC mix was the control for the experiment, and 18 different mixes of Kenaf bio fibrous concrete composite (KBFCC) at varying fibre volume fraction (vf) and fibre length (lf) were tested. These mixes were tested for workability (slump, compacting factor and Vebe test) and fresh density. The slump and Vebe time for KBFCCs were 5–100 mm and 3–79 seconds respectively. The slump and Vebe time for PC were 120 mm and 3 seconds respectively. A significant drop from 0.951 to 0.809 for fibre length of 25 mm, 0.947 to 0.799 for fibre length of 50 mm and 0.931 to 0.793 for fibre length of 75 mm was observed for the compacting factor value. Though, KBFCC with fibre content below 1% was workable in spite of its low slump, its high Vebe time and low compacting factor. For fibre volume of 1% and above, the workability of concrete decreased and became very stiff with balling effect. It was seen that fresh density of PC concrete (2358 kg/m3) was higher compared to those of KBFCC (2105-2339 kg/m3), however, both values were lower than 2400 kg/m3 threshold specified by the BS code of practice. The study therefore recommended that fibre contents lesser than 1% and 50 mm length can be used in order to have good fresh properties performance.
Evaluation of the Water Quality of River Kaduna, Nigeria Using Water Quality Index
Authors: Sadiq Q. , Ezeamaka C. K. , Daful M. G. , Mustafa I. A.
Published: September 2022

Water is a natural resource of fundamental importance and supports all life forms. The study evaluated the water quality of River Kaduna using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Water Quality Index. The study covered both raining and dry seasons in 10 sampling points. Water parameters analysed were turbidity, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, TDS and Ni using standard laboratory techniques. The data obtained were used to develop Water Quality Index (WQI) across the 10 sampling points and results showed that the water quality at Barnawa, Kudenda, Tudun Wada, Makera and Angwan Muazu are poor as their index values ranged between 31.8 – 42 while Kawo, Angwan Dosa, Malali, Kigo and Angwan Rimi are marginal as their index ranged between 45 – 61.3. The study concluded that the variety and level of contaminants in River Kaduna was related to the anthropogenic activities in the various parts of Kaduna Metropolis from where run-off and contaminants were received, hence, the water quality of River Kaduna is deteriorating. There is therefore the need for proper environmental education and discouragement in the use of toxic chemicals for farming so that pollution can be controlled at the source.
Suitability Analysis of Compressed Earth Bricks (CEB) for Sustainable Housing Delivery in Guinea Savannah Zone of Northern Nigeria
Authors: Obaje J. A. , Ciroma F. B. , Obaje S. A.
Published: September 2022

In meeting housing delivery challenges in Nigeria, there is an urgent need to develop materials and technologies that are cost effective, eco-friendly, having good user perception and showcasing cultural heritage. The study evaluated the compressed earth bricks (CEB) and sandcrete blocks sustainability as building materials. Structured questionnaires were administered to professionals (Architects, Structural Engineers and Builders) in Kaduna State to establish the awareness level, application and sustainability qualities of CEB as compared to sandcrete blocks. Laboratory tests were conducted on six soil samples and CEB from three States of Guinea Savannah Zone of Northern Nigeria (Kaduna, Plateau and Niger) to ascertain their suitability for housing development. Findings showed low awareness, acceptability and poor user perception levels of CEB at 12% but high advantage as regard cost, environmental friendliness (energy efficient) and cultural heritage. CEB were manually and dynamically compressed at medium pressure and cured for 7 and 28 days respectively with five different cement ratios. The maximum compressive strength in 28days for Kaduna State was Damashi with 2.67 N/mm2, at 6% stabilisation; Plateau State, both Bassa and Jos South had 2.82 N/mm2 at 6% cement content and Bosso in Niger State was 4.42 N/mm2 at 8% cement content. The bricks from each of the sites indicated appropriate for use at either 2% or 4% but averagely 6% and all at 8% cement stabilisation. CEB has sustainable advantage over sandcrete blocks by approximately 70%. The paper recommends that developers, Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), Governments housing development agencies commence the use of optimised CEB for sustainable large scale housing production in Nigeria.
Influence of Office Layout on Academic Staff Performance in Covenant University, Ota
Authors: Oluwunmi A. O. , Gbarayeghe N. V.
Published: September 2022

Previous research has indicated that it is critical to regularly monitor academic staffperformance in higher  educational institutions. This is because it has an inevitable and continuous impact on both organisational and student academic performance. Taking this into consideration, this study, with a focus on the academic staff of Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, evaluated the influence of office layout on staff performance. The objectives of the study were to investigate staff perception of office layout, examine factors influencing staff performance in an office, and establish the nature of the relationship between office layout and staff performance. One hundred questionnaires were randomly administered to academic staff at the university, and a response rate of 60% was obtained. It was discovered that the academic staff perceived all the ten office layout elements presented to them to be "good". The results also showed that office layout (mean=4.68), reliable internet (mean=4.55) and office furniture (mean=4.40) are among the crucial factors influencing academic staff performance. Finally, the study revealed that office layout has a significant impact on performance. It was recommended, among other things, that the Management of the institution should improve on office layout in order to enhance performance. These findings imply that if the Management of the University is desirous of keeping staff performance high, it must grasp the key factors influencing their performance. In order to achieve the desiredperformance levels, it is necessary for the management to understand what to do to effectively bring about those levels.
Aphrodisiac Plant Pausinystalia yohimbe Induces Myocardiac Histological Normalcy in Wistar Rats
Authors: Ojatula A. O. , Afolabi F. O.
Published: September 2022

The root of Pausinystalia yohimbe (k. Schum.) Pierre ex Beille, is commonly used by traditional herbal practitioners in Nigeria and around the globe without a safe dose regimen to treat erectile dysfunction and other related reproductive disorders. The present study examines some histological indices in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) treated orally with P. yohimbe methanol root using twenty five Wistar rats divided into five groups (n=5) of four treatment groups and one control group. The control group was administered 10 mL/kg distilled water only, while treatment groups received 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w of P. yohimbe root extract by oral cannula for 14 days. On day 15, animals in all group were anaesthetized, their heart were isolated and processed histologically. The results showed normal histological indices of the hearts examined, which were resemblance of, and significantly not different from the control. Therefore, the present study provides support for the safety profile of P. yohimbe herbal preparation in a concentration of doses administered to male Wistar rats. However, further studies may attempt to look at higher doses under similar circumstances.
Adoption of Silvopastoral Agroforestry System for a Sustainable Cattle Production in Nigeria
Authors: Oyelami B. A. , Osikabor B.
Published: September 2022

Silvopastoral systems are agroforestry systems that involves a combination of tree growing with the production of livestock. This type of agroforestry system has the potential to improve hydric  balance, enhances biodiversity conservation, increases organic livestock proximity index, allows  cleaner cattle production, improves cattle production per hectare, improves carbon sequestration, reduce greenhouse gases and significantly reduce /eliminate herder -farmer conflicts in Nigeria .  Hence, this paper reviews and introduces the adoption of silvopastoral agroforestry system for a sustainable cattle production in Nigeria using literatures. Types of silvopastoral systems includes  Fodder bank systems, live fence or boundary systems, hedgerow intercropping systems and tree plantation with animal grazing systems. There is limited information on silvopastoral system in Nigeria, hence the need to carry out more research and studies on its acceptability and sustainability in the future.
Agronomic Response of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F.) to Plant Densities and Fertilizer Application in a Tertiary Institution Experimental Farm in Benin City Nigeria
Authors: Falodun E. J. , Ogbeifun S. O.
Published: September 2022

The objectives of this study was to investigate yield, nutrient concentration and uptake of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F.) in response to plant densities and fertilizer application. Two fluted pumpkin plant densities (10,000 and 20,000 plants ha-1) D1 and D2 were evaluated at three levels of NPK fertilizer (F1, 20 t ha-1 poultry manure, F2, 300 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 and F3, 10 t ha-1 poultry manure + 150 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15) using a factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Leaf length, breadth, number of leaves and stem diameter were significantly increased at both plant densities of 10,000 and 20,000 plants ha -1 while herbage yield increased with higher plant density of 20,000 plants ha -1using 300 kg ha-1 inorganic NPK 15:15:15 or a combination of 10 t ha-1 poultry manure + 150 kg ha-1 inorganic NPK 15:15:15. Potassium (K) concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher at 10,000 plants ha -1 and Iron (Fe) uptake was higher with combine application of organic and inorganic fertilizer (F3). To maximize good herbage yield of fluted pumpkin, farmers in this locality should adopt plant density of 20,000 plants ha -1using 300 kg ha-1 inorganic NPK 15:15:15 (D2F2) or a combination of 10 t ha-1 poultry manure + 150 kg ha-1 inorganic NPK 15:15:15 (D2F3).