bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical and Pharmacology Effect of Calotropis gigantea as Anti-Cancer Therapy: Systematic Review
Authors: Mutiah Roihatul , Ramzi Humaira , Bustami Jesi Aulia
Published: March 2023

The high prevalence of cancer in the world makes many researchers look for alternative therapies that can be used to treat cancer. One of them is by using traditional plants, namely Calotropis gigantea R.Br. This is due to alkaloids, glycosides, and tannins in plants that function as anticancer. The purpose of this study was to dig deeper into information related to the phytochemistry and pharmacology effect of Calotropis gigantea as an anticancer therapy and can be used as a reference for the development of traditional medicines. The method used is PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses), with inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles were selected for review. The results showed that Calotropis Gigantea contains Calotropin, Calotroposide A, oxypregnane oligoglycoside compounds, which inhibit cancer cell growth through the mechanism of apoptosis induction and ROS inhibition. From this systematic review, it can be recommended that the plant Calotropis gigantea can be further developed into standardized herbal medicine and phytopharmaceuticals.
Drug Utilization Study of Diuretics in Children with Hydrocephalus
Authors: Indrawijaya Yen Yen Ari , Sumarno Sumarno , Suryaningtyas Wihasto , Husna Nuril Auliya
Published: March 2023

Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by a dynamic imbalance between formation and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid that increases the size of intracranial space of the brain and, in some situations, an extension of the outer space of the brain with or without increased ventricular size. This study aimed to examine the use of diuretics and identify drug therapy problems in hospitalized children with hydrocephalus through the medical record. The study design is observational retrospective with time-limited sampling based on data in medical records at 2010-2013 periods, found 17 of 70 patients using diuretics therapy. There are three categories of diuretic which are used were mannitol (70.6%), acetazolamide (23.5%), and a combination of mannitol and acetazolamide (5.9%). Diuretics can be used for pre-op, post-op, and pre & post-op on all types of hydrocephalus. Still, the specific use of diuretics may be caused by variations in comorbid diagnoses, clinical data, and laboratory data for each patient. Adverse drug reactions are potentially dominant in DTP analysis, and these are 7 of 17 patients. Monitoring of serum electrolytes such as sodium and potassium is needed because it decreases are potential adverse drug reactions of diuretics.
Scoping Review: Analysis of Alcohol Levels in Food and Beverages Using Gas Chromatography
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto , Muslikh Faisal Akhmal , Purwitasari Neny , Ma’arif Burhan
Published: March 2023

Islamic teachings explain that food or beverage should not be consumed with more than 0.5% alcohol because it is categorized as khamr, which is unlawful. In determining the levels of foods or beverages that contain alcohol, one of which is the gas chromatography method with several aspects of the method validation used. So that it can be seen how halal food or beverage is. The purpose of this scoping review is to map the available evidence related to the optimum conditions of analysis of alcohol content in a food product by gas chromatography and obtain a method of analyzing alcohol content in food products with several parameters validation methods, including selectivity, linearity, the limit of detection, precision, and accuracy. This scoping review has followed the framework of Arksey and O'Malley, which consists of identifying the problem formulation from the literature review; seeking relevant evidence; completing studies of relevant scientific articles; mapping data; conclude and reporting results. PRISMA flowchart diagram is used for the flow of evidence search. The results of this review show that there are 6 research articles obtained from the database. This review shows that the analysis of alcohol content using the gas chromatography method has high sensitivity, accuracy, validity, and recovery. It is hoped that this scoping review can be used as a reference and theoretical basis in analyzing food products using the gas chromatography method with several aspects of validity.
Analysis of Antidiabetic Potential of Palmitic Acid Compounds Through In Silico Activation
Authors: Salsabila Ardellya Elfidaa , Susanti Nurlaili , Ulhaq Zulvikar Syambani
Published: March 2023

Diabetes Mellitus is a condition where the body's sugar level exceeds the blood's normal limit. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is the most common type of diabetes and is a chronic disease caused by insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity. The management of diabetes Mellitus is in the form of oral hypoglycemic drugs. Still, these drugs have side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances, nausea, vomiting, hypoglycemia, macrovascular disorders, microvascular disorders, etc. So, it is necessary to seek alternative drugs to increase insulin sensitivity to lower blood sugar levels which are safer using herbal plants. One of the suspected plants that can be an alternative medicine to reduce excess blood sugar levels is the dandang gendis plant (Clinacanthus nutans). The dandang gendis plant (Clinacanthus nutans) contains palmitic acid, which can reduce excess blood sugar levels in the blood. This study aims to determine the potential of palmitic acid compounds from the Dandang gendis plant as an in silico AMPK protein activator. Methods: Qualitative descriptive method using molecular docking in silico method to determine the affinity and interaction with palmitic acid compounds in the dandang gendis plant in activating AMPK protein. Docking between palmitic acid and AMPK produces an energy value (∆Gbind) of -5.3 kcal/mol. docking of metformin resulted in the lowest energy value (∆Gbind) of 5.1 kcal/mol. The bond produced by palmitic acid docking has a fairly strong affinity for the AMPK protein of -5.3 kcal/mol. So palmitic acid, an ingredient in the dandang gendis plant (Clinacanthus nutans) has the potential as an antidiabetic.
The Role of the European Union in Palestinian State-Building
Authors: Seidner Marton
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the role of the European Union (EU) in creating a Palestinian state and whether there is a coherent unity among EU Member States regarding its recognition. The research hypothesis is that EU Member States do not unanimously recognize the legitimacy of a Palestinian state, despite the EU's collective belief in creating a two-state solution. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative research involves understanding political processes and analyzing relevant scientific studies and documents. The quantitative research involves statistical analysis of voting outcomes of EU Member States in the UN General Assembly (UNGA). The analysis of UNGA resolutions between 2012 and 2022 found that there is no coherent unity among EU Member States regarding the recognition of a Palestinian state. Although the EU collectively supports a two-state solution, the foreign policy used has been insufficient to overcome the deep-rooted conflicts. In conclusion, the research suggests that a more effective approach is required to overcome the deep-rooted conflicts and achieve a common ground concerning the recognition of a Palestinian state. There is a need for a shift in the political and legal framework, which may be influenced by potential geopolitical reorganization in the Middle East.
La tesis: mitos y errores
Authors: Arias Chávez Dennis , Cangalaya Sevillano Luis Miguel
Published: March 2023

En La tesis: mitos y errores, se enumeran y desarrollan los principales mitos y errores presentes en el proceso de elaboración del proyecto de tesis y de la tesis. Cuenta con una explicación razonada, científica y práctica de una amplitud de casos. Asimismo, se exponen los aspectos esenciales de la elaboración de la tesis, los tipos de trabajos científicos, los pasos para revisar la calidad de los trabajos de investigación, y las cualidades del tesista y del asesor. Este libro ofrece al lector las verdades sobre la tesis. Busca ser la herramienta imprescindible para los docentes y la guía definitiva para el tesista.
Campeonas. Cambiando las reglas del juego
Authors: Castro Bernardini María José
Published: March 2023

En Campeonas se presentan los perfiles de Angélica Espinoza, Carmela de la Barra, Ana Ricci, Marisa Matsuda, María Isabel Barragán, Luisa Villar, Alexia Sotomayor, McKenna de Bever Elliot, Alexandra Grande, Adriana Lúcar, Marina Montes y Flor Cuenca. Estas atletas, entrenadoras y dirigentes son las caras femeninas del deporte peruano y dignas herederas de Choco de Vivanco, la nadadora peruana que marcó historia en 1964 al convertirse en la primera en participar en una Olimpiada. Este es un libro imperdible que reconoce el ascenso imparable de las mujeres en el deporte nacional.
Keterkaitan Antara El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Dengan Variabilitas Curah Hujan Bojonegoro
Authors: Mulyanti Heri
Published: March 2023

Indonesian climate, especially Java Island have been associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The research using rainfall station at Bojonegoro District from 1979 – 2009 to detect rainfall variability and its linkages with ENSO phenomenom. ENSO’s indexes then used to predict rainfall in Bojonegoro. Rainfall station was clustered using cluster analysis and then Mann-Kendall test used to predict rainfall trend of each cluster. There are 16 rainfall station that passed the rainfall test that can be conduct in the rainfall anomaly analysis. All stations have experienced both dry and wet anomalies during observation. Positive ENSO years have associated with more stations experienced dry anomalies; in other hand wet anomalies occurred more when negative ENSO. The stronger ENSO caused more extrem anomalies. There are obtained 5 clusters rainfall area over Bojonegoro District used HCA Ward method. Largest rainfall variations was experienced by cluster 5, Gondang and Jatiblimbing. Trend in rainfall only experienced by cluster 2 (Sumberejo and Mekuris) for December – January but another clusters didn’t experience such significant rainfall pattern change. October and November have been the most influenced month caused by ENSO; and positive ENSO anomaly caused prolonged dry season up to November. October and November’s rainfall can be predicted using SSTA Nino 3.4 index 3 months before.
SUCESSÃO NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NA PERSPECTIVA DE GÊNERO EM IPORÁ-GO E MUNICÍPIOS VIZINHOS:
Authors: Furquim Maria Gláucia Dourado , Oliveira Letícia Arruda de , Abdala Klaus de Oliveira , Sousa Júnior José Carlos de , Oliveira Daniela Cabral de
Published: February 2023

A sucessão na agricultura familiar consiste no processo de transferência de terra, poder e capital do patriarca para a próxima geração, considerando o fator continuidade das atividades e valores familiares, frente aos atrativos da vida urbana. Verifica-se uma tendência de migração dos jovens rurais para a cidade, fruto de um conjunto de elementos como oportunidades profissionais e ascensão social, penosidade das atividades rurais, em relação ao baixo retorno financeiro dentre outros fatores que norteiam a tomada de decisão acerca do permanecer ou partir do ambiente rural. Todavia, quais são as perspectivas para a mulher em termos de sucessão familiar no ambiente rural? Quais os gargalos? Neste sentido o presente estudo buscou identificar a dinâmica da sucessão geracional na perspectiva de gênero na agricultura familiar, no município de Iporá-GO e cidades vizinhas, por meio da aplicação de questionários para possíveis sucessoras, para criar um cenário local acerca do tema. Os municípios analisados estão localizados na região Oeste do estado de Goiás, tendo as atividades agropecuárias relevante papel na geração de renda e por possuir predominantemente pequenas propriedades conforme classificação do imóvel rural. Os resultados sinalizam na identificação de 72% em interessadas a participar do processo, com a perspectiva de continuar e potencializar o que vem sendo desenvolvido e 28% não se interessam pois já possuem outras fontes de renda que exigem menos fisicamente, ou por possuir outros sucessores ou por serem casadas e residirem na cidade.
FINANCIAMENTOS EXTERNOS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL:
Authors: Borsatto Catiane , Fonseca de Andrade Klein Simone , Paese Giacomello Cintia
Published: February 2023

A atuação internacional depende de recursos humanos, produtivos, tecnológicos e financeiros, além da competitividade de empresas e setores econômicos. Diante disso, existem organizações internacionais que concedem financiamentos para estimular o desenvolvimento econômico e social de setores. Esse é o caso do setor Moveleiro da Serra Gaúcha, que de 2012 a 2016 obteve recursos provenientes do Grupo Banco Mundial. A partir disso, este estudo tratou de analisar a importância do financiamento internacional concedido pelo Banco Mundial, através do Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social do Rio Grande do Sul para o desenvolvimento regional e do APL Moveleiro da Serra Gaúcha. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar as condições de repasse, os projetos desenvolvidos a partir de tal financiamento, suas características, e a importância destes na percepção do órgão gestor. Em termos metodológicos, esta pesquisa possui natureza qualitativa através da análise documental de ações desenvolvidas e entrevistas com os representantes do órgão gestor do APL e do Governo do Estado do RS. Concluiu-se que o financiamento incentivou a união de empresas com atores setoriais ligados a ensino e pesquisa, ocasionando pontos positivos com ênfase no compartilhamento de conhecimentos, durante a realização de ações sociais, econômicas e ambientais.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectualy Repetition (AIR) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa di SMP Muhammadiyah 50 Jakarta
Authors: Muhammad Rizki Ramadhan
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant effect of applying the structured Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) learning model on students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. This research was conducted on class VII students of SMP Muhammadiyah 50 Jakarta in the odd semester of the 2022/2023 school year on numbers. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design (pseudo-experiment). Sampling using cluster random sampling technique, namely the random selection of two classes that are normally distributed, homogeneous, and have the same mean. The sample selected in this study was class VII-1 as the experimental class and class VII-2 as the control class. The research instrument used was a test of the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts in the matter of numbers as many as seven essay questions. Based on the calculation of the research data, the data for both classes come from populations that are normally distributed and have the same or homogeneous variance. Therefore, statistical hypothesis testing was carried out using the t-test with the same variance. Based on the results of testing the hypothesis, the value of  which means reject H_0 at the significance level
Development and Interrelation of Pain, Depression, and Anxiety in Music Students: Does Successful Treatment of Pain Have an Impact on Mental Health?
Authors: Kallusky Nicolas , Assel Carolin , Großbach Michael , Sturm Christian , Ioannou Christos I , Fassnacht-Lenz Stefan , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Altenmüller Eckart
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE: Musculoskeletal pain is a common problem among professional musicians as well as music students. Studies have emphasized the effectiveness of music-specific physiotherapy for affected musicians. This study was designed to evaluate if physiotherapy treatment of pain-affected
music students had an impact on pain perception as well as psychological well-being. To explore the possible development of musculoskeletal pain, depression, and anxiety, a second sample of pain-free music students, matched for age and gender, was examined twice at identical time intervals.
METHODS: A convenience sample of 31 university music students with moderate to severe musculoskeletal pain and 31 pain-free music students, matched in age and gender, were included in the study. Both groups were examined physically and completed biographical, music-related, and psychological
questionnaires. Perceived pain intensity was assessed with a visual-analogue scale (VAS), and depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). Music students with pain received a series of 12 sessions
of musician-specific physiotherapy, while controls waited for the same amount of time for retesting. RESULTS: On the 10-cm VAS, music students with pain reported an average improvement in pain intensity from a baseline of 6.25 (SD 1.95) to 2.7 (2.03) after the intervention, while the controls
(music students without pain) did not change. Furthermore, music students with pain indicated higher depression and anxiety scores as compared to the control group before and after therapy. After intervention, music students with pain with higher BDI-II scores demonstrated clinical improvement
concerning depression, but no significant improvement in mental health was found in the pain group taken as a whole. CONCLUSION: Physiotherapy was effective in reducing pain symptoms in music students affected by chronic musculoskeletal pain. However, physiotherapy did not improve mental health
in pain-affected music students. Additional psychotherapeutic interventions may be needed to support music students with psychological comorbidities such as depression and anxiety.
Morality in Minimally Deceptive Environments
Authors: Mitkidis Panagiotis , Gerlach Philipp , Nichols Aaron , Elbaek Christian , Perkovic Sonja , Ariely Dan
Published: March 2023

Psychologists, economists, and philosophers have long argued that in environments where deception is normative, moral behavior is harmed. In this article, we show that individuals making decisions within minimally deceptive environments do not behave more dishonestly than in nondeceptive environments. We demonstrate the latter using an example of experimental deception within established institutions, such as laboratories and institutional review boards. We experimentally manipulated whether participants received information about their deception. Across three well-powered studies, we empirically demonstrate that minimally deceptive environments do not affect downstream dishonest behavior. Only when participants were in a minimally deceptive environment and aware of being observed, their dishonest behavior decreased. Our results show that the relationship between deception and dishonesty might be more complicated than previous interpretations have suggested and expand the understanding how deception might affect (im)moral behavior. We discuss possible limitations and future directions as well as the applied nature of these findings.
Asymmetrical Group Key Management Based on NTRU
Authors: Jian Zhou , Sun Liyan , Wu Yue
Published: March 2023

Shared key protocol is an important research issue in distributed networks security. The most existing shared key protocols are based on the discrete logarithm or large number decomposition problem. Those protocols’ cost is related to the network scale, and has the problem of high computation cost and message overhead. To solve the question, this paper proposes a shared key agreement protocol based on the lattice key mechanism (sNTRU). All network members share the key material via public channel, after execution those members has a shared encryption key and a number of different decryption keys satisfying the key independence. Compared with the traditional shared key agreement protocol based on DLP or RSA problem, this scheme only needs one round of interaction, and it is more efficient in calculation cost. In security aspect, its security proof can be reduced to the shortest vector difficulty problem, and it can resist the chosen plaintext attack, forwards security and backwards security are guaranteed.
Gene based Disease Prediction and Medicine Providence Through Consortium Reliant Visage Prognostication Model for Iot Health Monitoring
Authors: Narasimhaiah Narahari , Sam Rachapudi Praveen
Published: March 2023

Identifying genes associated with disease plays an extremely important role in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.However, prevailing research carries out only the topological structure of gene that declines the genome frequency and can disclose the inherent properties of disease-genes could increase more computational complexity.In addition, it reduces the population diversity hence those are slow down the classification which leads to overfitting of gene molecules that achieve very low accuracy during prediction.Hence, in this paper efficiently proposed a Disease-Gene Reliant Visage Prognostication (DG-RVP) Model,in order to predict the diseasewhich contains Double Two Extrication (DTE) to extracts the features that are weighted by the homogeneity scores it strengthens the genome frequency. Once feature extraction completed Quantum Coyote Diacritic (QCD) Algorithm needs to improve feature selection through each subset of features represented the quantized individual search position in the region. To optimize a selected featureCatenation-Adore Emissary based Genetic Algorithm (CAE-GA)is implemented, which avoids the early convergence with familiarizing the genetic operators.Based on thepredicted disease Mutual Filtering Algorithmis included that provide the medicine through taking account of noise and bias from gene expression.The outcome shows the proposed model can predict gene-disease-drug association’s superior to futuristic.
Ferroptosis-related lncRNA NRAV affects the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Zong Ke , Lin Caifeng , Luo Kai , Deng Yilei , Wang Hongfei , Hu Jianfei , Chen Shi , Li Renfeng
Published: March 2023

Ferroptosis has essential value in cancer treatment. It is significant to explore the new ferroptosis-related lncRNAs(FRLs) prediction model in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential molecular mechanism of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. Using differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with ferroptosis, we developed A multi-lncRNA prognostic signature in HCC. We used qRT-PCR to detect lncRNA in HCC cells. We performed functional experiments in vitro and in vivo to determine the biological role of NRAV. Interaction between NRAV and miR-375-3P was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and dual luciferase reporter. We observe 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs related to the progression of HCC. According to Kaplan-Meier analyses, HCC with a high-risk lncRNAs signature has a poor prognosis. In addition, AUC values confirmed the utility of lncRNAs signature for predicting HCC prognosis. Further functional experiments show that the high expression of NRAV can strengthen the viciousness of HCC. Interestingly, we found that NRAV can enhance iron export and ferroptosis resistance. Further studies showed that NRAV attenuated the inhibition of SLC7A11 by miR-375-3P through competitive binding to miR-375-3P, influencing the prognosis of HCC patients. In conclusion, We developed a novel FRLs prognostic model with crucial predictive value for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma. NRAV is essential in ferroptosis induction through the miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis.
Taiyuanostachya: An Abominable Angiosperm from the Early Permian of China
Authors: Wang Xin , Fu Qiang
Published: March 2023

Although angiosperms are clearly and strictly defined by their enclosed seeds and enclosed ovules, how old angiosperms are remains controversial. To solve this problem, the only reliable way is digging fossils. The currently widely accepted age for angiosperms is the Early Cretaceous, although this view is facing increasing challenges from pre-Cretaceous fossil evidence of angiosperms as well as molecular clock estimates. Here we report a Palaeozoic angiosperm, Taiyuanostachya gen. nov. This fossil plant has both enclosed ovules and enclosed seeds, features characteristic of angiosperms. Especially, enclosed ovules are idiosyncratic of angiosperms. The occurrences of both characters in Taiyuanostachya declare that angiosperms, the single most diversified plant group on the Earth, have occurred in the Palaeozoic, and the origination of angiosperm appears to be much earlier than assumed previously. Although appearing astonishing, this conclusion is in line with the outcomes of molecular clock estimates done decades ago. The discovery of Taiyuanostachya gen. nov is an abominable challenge for botanists who believe groundlessly that angiosperms cannot exist before the Cretaceous.
An approach to improve the quality of services using a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm in fog computing
Authors: Mehraghaei Leila , rafie mahnaz
Published: March 2023

With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, a vast amount of the IoT data is generated by mobile applications from mobile devices. Cloudlets provide a paradigm that allows the mobile applications and the generated IoT data to be offloaded from the mobile devices to the cloudlets for processing and storage through the access points (APs) in the Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs). However, achieving the goal of optimizing resource utilization, latency, and reliability for WMAN with cloudlet Usability is still a challenge, which in this dissertation aims to optimize these targets with cloudlet Usability. In this dissertation, load unloading strategy in wireless networks of urban areas is analyzed and modeled as a multi-objective optimization problem. Multi-objective problem solving is optimized by the NSDE (Nondominated Sorting Differential Evolution) algorithm and the diversity and convergence of the population are ensured through the mutation and crossover operations. In the individual selection phase, NSDE uses the fast nondominated sorting approach and the crowded-comparison operator to ensure that individuals with the relatively best fitness values in the current population can be preserved for the next generation. Finally, the results of the proposed method were compared and evaluated based on the three criteria of resource utilization, latency and reliability with the results obtained from the genetic algorithm and particle swarm accumulation and Hungarian Algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and efficient. The accuracy of the proposed method compared to the Hungarian algorithm with the criteria of resource utilization and latency and reliability are 23.2%, 26.6% and 21.8%, respectively, and compared to the genetic algorithm is 5.8%, 12.4% and 11.3%, respectively.
An observational study: clinical manifestations and prognosis of left atrial thrombosis in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yang Qian , Liu Shuang , Wang Jiang , Guo Yulong
Published: March 2023

Background: We did this study to find out the clinical manifestation and prognosis of left atrial thrombosis and its relationship with systemic thromboembolism, hoping to find a better therapy strategy.
Methods: A single-centre retrospective study enrolled patients with definite diagnosis of atrial fibrillation complicated with left atrial thrombosis. Data of general clinical information, anticoagulation medications, thromboembolism events and thrombosis prognosis were recorded and analyzed.
Results: 103 patients were enrolled. Compared with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), thrombosis outside the left atrial appendage (LAA) was much more common in valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF) with p=0.003. Total prevalence of systemic thromboembolism was 33.0%. Thrombi disappeared in 78 cases (75.7%) under anticoagulation treatment within two years. There was no significant difference between warfarin, dabigatran and rivaroxaban on thromboembolism events and thrombosis prognosis in NVAF, with p=0.740 and 0.493, respectively.
Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation patients with severe LA remodeling have really high risks of LA thrombosis and systemic thromboembolism. Compared with NVAF, Patients with VAF are more likely to develop the whole LA dysfunction rather than the only LAA dysfunction, manifested as more thrombosis outside the LAA were found. Standard stroke preventing dose of anticoagulants couldn’t deplete all LA thrombi.
Sea ice and oxygen
Authors: Hambler Clive
Published: March 2023

1) Atmospheric oxygen cycles on a seasonal basis, as does carbon dioxide.
2) Photosynthesis is likely contributing to these cycles, but the dominant spatial regions are unknown and the contribution of marine plankton has been assumed to be small.
3) I test and confirm the prediction that seasonal sea ice and oxygen rates are highly coherent at high latitudes, with peak oxygen emission in months of peak rates of sea ice loss within each Hemisphere.
4) The similarity of oxygen dynamics in Northern and Southern Hemispheres is consistent with the dominant seasonal fluxes of oxygen and carbon dioxide being marine.
5) The similar dynamics of oxygen and argon are also consistent with the dominant seasonal fluxes of oxygen being marine.
6) No stronger similarity has yet been found between seasonal changes in oxygen and terrestrial productivity (NDVI), but much more detailed comparison is required.
7) Air temperature near the Poles is very closely synchronized with the seasonal rate of change of oxygen at high latitudes.
8) These results are consistent with a hypothesised major influence of Arctic plankton in the seasonality of 'global' oxygen levels.
9) Determining causality requires far more observations and experimentation.
10) These results provide further evidence that polar phenomena have been neglected in studies of the oxygen and carbon cycles and are consistent with a proposed major role of high latitudes in these cycles.
Evolutionary analysis of the mTOR pathway provide insights into lifespan extension across mammals
Authors: Yang Fei , Liu Xing , Li Yi , Yu Zhenpeng , Huang Xin , Yang Guang , Xu Shixia
Published: March 2023

Background: Lifespan extension has independently evolved several times during mammalian evolution, leading to the emergence of a group of long-lived animals. Though mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is shown as a central regulator of lifespan and aging, the underlying influence of mTOR pathway on the evolution of lifespan in mammals is not well understood.
Results: Here, we performed evolution analyses of 72 genes involved in the mTOR network across 48 mammals to explore the underlying mechanism of lifespan extension. We identified a total of 20 genes with significant evolution signals unique to long-lived species, including 12 positively selected genes, four convergent evolution genes, and five longevity associated genes whose evolution rate related to the maximum lifespan (MLS). Of these genes, four positively selected genes, two convergent evolution genes and one longevity-associated gene were involved in the autophagy response and aging-related diseases, while eight genes were known as cancer genes, indicating the long-lived species might have evolved effective regulation mechanisms of autophagy and cancer to extend lifespan.
Conclusion: Our study revealed genes with significant evolutionary signals unique to long-lived species, which provided new insight into the lifespan extension of mammals and might bring new strategies to extend human lifespan.
Sucrose substitution in cake systems: not a piece of cake
Authors: Delcour Jan , Godefroidt Thibault , Riley Isabella , Ooms Nand , Bosmans Geertrui , Brijs Kristof
Published: March 2023

Successful sucrose replacement in cake recipes requires thorough understanding of its functionalities and those of potential substitutes during cake production. We show that effective sucrose substitutes provide sufficient aqueous cake batter phase (i.e. batter liquor) with low proton mobility (assessed with time-domain 1H NMR relaxometry) and high viscosity, and ensure sufficient air incorporation during batter mixing, along with appropriate timings of starch and protein transitions during baking. Maltitol and oligofructose are very soluble and, like sucrose, provide adequate batter liquor quantities with low water mobility and high viscosity, while poorly soluble mannitol does not. However, differential scanning calorimetry and rapid viscosity analyses show that oligofructose fails to provide appropriate timings of starch gelatinisation and protein denaturation, leading to poor cake texture. That the shortcomings of mannitol (in terms of solubility) and oligofructose (in terms of biopolymer transitions) can be overcome by using mixtures thereof is relevant for the baking industry.
3D Simulation Model for IoD-to-Vehicles Communication in IoD-assisted VANET
Authors: AHMED GAMIL ABDULLAH , Sheltami Tarek Rahil Omar , Mahmoud Ashraf S , Yasar Ansar
Published: March 2023

Vehicle ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have gradually emerged to enhance transportation information, entertainment, safety, and other services. However, such infrastructures have certain limitations, causing intermittent network disconnection. Further, in urban areas, terrain heights act as obstacles and hinder or attenuate transmitted signals. In this study, we propose a dynamic 3D internet of drones (IoD) collaborative communication approach for efficient VANET-assistance (3DIoDAV) by integrating the IoD network and VANET to support terrestrial communication. We model IoD locations as an optimization problem to optimize the IoD nodes in three-dimensional terrain. Improved particle swarm optimization is used to optimally deploy IoD nodes in 3D terrain for minimizing the number of isolated vehicles. The proposed approach considers the terrain profile influence on communication. Therefore, we propose a 3D propagation model for efficient IoD-to-vehicle (IoD2V) communication in 3D space. Experiments are performed based on the received signal from ground vehicles to examine the performance of the proposed model and the 3DIoDAV approach. Simulation results show different behaviors of IoD nodes in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D scenarios. Comparison with 2D VANET-assisted and IoDAV approaches demonstrates the proposed 3DIoDAV approach’s ability to detect terrain obstacles, which guarantees the dispatching of IoD nodes into the most appropriate locations in 3D space, thereby minimizing the impact of terrain obstacles on communication.
Development and psychometric validation of substance abuse prevention Questionnaire based on the multi-theory model: construct validity and reliability
Authors: Afshani Alireza , Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed Mazloomy , Ardian Nahid , Pourmovahed Zahra , Yoshany Nooshin , Goodarzi-Khoigani Masoomeh
Published: March 2023

Background
The present study determined the validity and reliability of the substance abuse prevention questionnaire based on the multi-theory model among the people of Yazd, central Iran.
Methods
This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical psychometric research was conducted on 391 Akramiyeh, Yazd residents using a systematic sampling method in 2021. First, a questionnaire was prepared based on the results of a qualitative study and the constructs of a multi-theory model, and its face validity was confirmed. Having collected the data, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined with SPSS using factor analysis, internal consistency, convergent validity, and Cronbach's α.
Results
The factor loading of all items was more than 0.5 and was in the desired range. The results obtained from confirmatory factor analysis based on parameter estimation showed that in all seven constructs of the questionnaire, the relevant items had a significant relationship with each latent variable (P < 0.001). All factor loadings were higher than 0.4 and Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated as 0.940 for the entire questionnaire. The highest factor loading (27%) was related to the construct of change in the social environment. Regarding substance abuse prevention behavior, the construct of participatory dialogue played a role by 9.58%, the constructs of emotional transformation by 7.98%, change in the physical environment by 5.95%, behavioral confidence by 3.3%, and practicing for change by 3.16%.
Conclusion
The substance abuse prevention questionnaire based on the multi-theory model has acceptable validity and reliability and can be effective in predicting factors and designing interventions aimed at preventing substance abuse among young people.
A Unique case of Bilateral Nanophthalmos and Pigmentary Retinal Abnormality with Unilateral Angle closure glaucoma and Optic Disc Pit
Authors: Garg Prerna , Kumar Brajesh , Dubey Suneeta
Published: March 2023

Background
Microophthalmos or ‘dwarf eye’ is characterized by an axial length 2 standard deviation less than age-matched controls. It is classified into nanophthalmos, relative anterior microphthalmos, and posterior microphthalmos based on the anterior segment: posterior segment ratio. Nanophthalmos classically occurs in association with optic disc drusen, foveoschisis, and retinitis pigmentosa, as an autosomal recessive syndrome linked to s mutations in the MFRP gene. We report a sporadic case of bilateral nanophthalmos and pigmentary retinopathy with angle closure glaucoma and optic disc pit in one eye. We believe this to be the first case presenting with optic disc pit in association with nanophthalmos.
Case presentation
A 56-year-old female presented with bilateral small eyes, high hypermetropia, shallow anterior chamber depth, increased lens thickness, mid-peripheral retinal flecks, and macular edema. She also had high intraocular pressure in the right eye, with a disc cupping of 0.9 with an Optic disc pit. The macular edema in the right eye was found to occur in association with the Optic disc pit, whereas, in the left eye, it was associated with intra-retinal hemorrhages and diagnosed as macular branch retinal vein occlusion secondary to hypertension. She was started on anti-glaucoma medications in both eyes and planned for Anti-VEGF injection in the left eye.
Conclusion
This case report is unique as it reports an association of Nanophthalmos with Optic Disc pit, with an associated angle closure glaucoma in the same eye, an association which has never been previously reported in the literature.
Analysis of core stability and rehabilitation intervention of traditional exercise therapy on patients with CLBP
Authors: Xu Fei
Published: March 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the test results of traditional exercise therapy before and after training, to observe the functional changes of core stability of patients with CLBP, and to provide a reference for the analysis of the core stability function and the evaluation of rehabilitation efficacy for CLBP.
Methods: 72 patients with CLBP (CNLBP) were recruited and screened, with 36 patients (17 males and 19 females) as the experimental group (CLBP), and 36 patients (13 males and 23 females) as the control group (Non group). Two groups of subjects completed the Y-balance test. The CNLBP group participated in a 12-week intervention training, and after the training, the Y-balance test was performed again. The Y balance test on the left and right sides includes 10 indicators, which were A/Limb, PM/Limb, PL/Limb, SUM, and COMPOSITE. The differences between the CLBP group and the Non group, the left and right bilateral differences within the group, and the differences before and after the intervention training in the CLBP group were compared and analyzed.
Results: (1) Before the intervention training, there was no difference between the CLBP group and the Non group, and there was no difference between the left and right sides in each group. There was a difference in the left and right bilateral indicators in the two groups which showed an imbalance; (2) After 12 weeks of training, the test values in all directions in the CLBP group were significantly improved (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001); (3) After 12 weeks of training, the difference between the left and right bilateral tests in the CLBP group decreased.
Conclusion: 12 weeks of intervention training can improve all-round dynamic core stability and improve bilateral imbalance in patients with CLBP.
Improving nurses’ competencies in disaster risk management in a specialized trauma hospital in Iran: Outcome of an online training program
Authors: Farokhzadian Jamileh , Farahmandnia Hojjat , Tavan Asghar , Eskici Gülcan Taskiran , Goki Faezeh Soltani
Published: March 2023

Background
Nurses’ incompetency in disaster risk management can have many negative consequences during disasters, so it is important to prepare nurses and improve their competencies in disaster risk management. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an online training program on nurses' competencies disaster risk management.
Method
This interventional study was conducted on nurses working in a specialized trauma hospital affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in southeastern Iran in 2022. Eighty-one nurses were randomly assigned into two interventions (n = 42) and control groups (n = 39). The intervention group received an online training program in four sessions, and both groups electronically completed the demographic questionnaire and the nurses’ perceptions of disaster core competencies scale (NPDCC) before and one month after the intervention.
Results
The study results showed no significant difference in disaster competency scores between the two groups before the intervention (p < 0.51), but the NPDCC score in the intervention group was statistically significant after the intervention compared to before the intervention (p < 0.02) and no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups after the intervention (p < 0.16).
Conclusion
The study results indicated that the online training program improved nurses’ competencies in the intervention group, so we suggest continuous practical exercises and maneuvers in addition to online training to improve their competencies in disaster risk management.
The underestimation and overestimation accuracy in MRI and SWE compare with the radical prostatectomy, Validation technique using tissue-mimicking phantom
Authors: Alshomrani Faisal , Alsaedi Basim , Wei Cheng , Gandy Stephen , Szewczyk-Bieda Magdalena , Wilson Jennifer , Huang Zhihong , Nabi Ghulam
Published: March 2023

Over the last few years, a number of studies have quantified the limitation of the MRI in quantifying the prostate lesion compared with radical prostatectomy; therefore, the aim of this paper was to assess the size measurements of the prostate cancer lesions by MRI, and SWE compared with radical prostatectomy and to validate the findings by a tissue mimicking phantoms. This study used 16 prostate cancer tissue-mimicking phantoms to obtain preclinical data. We then focused on 31 patients who have undergone mpMRI, SWE, and radical prostatectomy between September 2016 and December 2017. The T-test was used to assess how the significant difference between the imaging modalities MRI, SWE, and the gold standard in clinical and preclinical. Statistically, there was a significant difference between the size measurement of MRI and SWE compared with radical prostatectomy. However, there was no significant difference in pre-clinical when these modalities were compared with the phantom. SWE evidenced a higher detection of prostate cancer compared with MRI since out of the 102 tumours reported by the pathologist, only 57 tumours were reported by the radiologists through MRI, and 72 tumours were reported by the SWE. Both MRI and SWE showed significant differences in the size measurements of the prostate cancer lesions compared with the radical prostatectomy, but SWE showed a higher detection of smaller lesions (less than 10 mm) compared with MRI.
Risk Factors of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Postpartum Period: a Cross-Section Study
Authors: Jing Xinyu , Gong Jie , Yang Biru , Wang Yaozheng , Wang Minjia
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is most commonly dysfunctions in women, it has been reported to affect 23% to 49% of women according to an epidemiological report. PFDs have many consequences, such as pain, embarrassment, social isolation, and a decreased quality of life (QOL). Thus, this study aims to understand which factors are associated with the development of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction and determine the degree of such dysfunctions to provide theoretical and data support for clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.
Method: Puerperal women were recruited between September to November of 2021 by an online survey platform called WenjuanXing. And the demographic characteristics and PFDs related questionnaire were be collected and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors of postpartum PFDs in postpartum women.
Result: A total of 1226 participants were included, the incidence of urinary incontinence (UI), pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and anal incontinence (AI) was 79.6%, 70.7% and 67.4%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses shown that body mass index (BMI) more than 28 (OR: 2.591, 95% CI: 1.016-6.607), gestational diabetes (OR: 1.541, 95% CI: 1.011-2.348, P=0.044), prenatal incontinence (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 0.405-0.982), vaginal delivery (OR: 1.521, 95% CI: 0.35-0.774), episiotomy (OR: 1.595, 95% CI: 1.093-2.326) were the risk factors of postpartum UI. BMI more than 28 (OR: 2.337, 95% CI: 1.086-5.029), smoking in pregnancy (OR: 1.434, 95% CI: 0.241-0.78), vaginal delivery (OR: 1.663, 95% CI: 0.473-0.93) were the risk factors of the POP, however, BMI less than 18.5(OR: 546, 95% CI: 0.337-0.885) was considered as a protective factor for POP in statistical methods. BMI less than 18.5 (OR: 0.555, 95% CI: 0.344-0.895) was only the protective factor of Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory (CRADI).
Conclusion: According to our data, we conclude that the BMI >28, gestational diabetes, prenatal incontinence, vaginal delivery, and episiotomy are risk factors for postpartum UI. In addition to the above risk factors, smoking has also been found to be a risk factor for POP. However, we found no risk factors for AI. Additionally, we found that BMI <18.5 is a protective factor of AI and POP.
The 21-gene recurrence score assay improved MDT compliance in HR+/ HER2- breast cancer patients：An analysis of 2323 patients
Authors: Li Liangqiang , Yu Jing , Shen Kunwei , Chen Xiaosong
Published: March 2023

The 21-gene Recurrence Score (RS) could guide adjuvant chemotherapy decisions in multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) of early breast cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the 21-gene RS assay on patients’ compliance with MDT and its association with disease outcome. Patients diagnosed with pN0-1, hormonal receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer between January 2013 and June 2019 were enrolled. The logistic regression model was used to identify the parameters associated with treatment adherence. Prognostic indicators were evaluated by using cox proportional hazard models. After the assay, patients were less likely to violate the treatment plan (14.9% vs. 23.1%, P <0.001), and higher compliance rates were observed for chemotherapy (P = 0.042), radiotherapy (P = 0.012), and endocrine therapy (P <0.001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the 21-gene RS assay (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.09-1.88, P = 0.009) was independently associated with MDT compliance. Moreover, compliance to MDT was independently associated with better disease-free survival (HR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.29-0.64, P < 0.001), regardless of 21-gene RS assay (interaction P = 0.842).The 21-gene RS assay improved the MDT compliance rate in early breast cancer patients. Adherence to MDT was associated with a better prognosis.