bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skolämnet hembygdskunskap 1919–1980: Tillkomst och karriär i läroplanshistoriskt perspektiv
Authors: Larsson Anna
Published: June 2022

”Hembygdskunskap” [Heimatkunde] 1919–1980: Creation and career from a curriculum history perspective. Between 1919 and 1980 ”hembygdskunskap” [Heimatkunde] was a mandatory school subject in the first three years of schooling in Sweden. The subject was composed to comprise the introductory study of the natural and social environments, but also to train the children’s perceptional and expressional skills. This article follows the career of the subject through the Swedish curriculum history based on curriculum documents and official school investigations. The article shows how the creation of the subject was influenced by international progressive educational ideas about reality based teaching, curriculum concentration and student activity. Over time, the educational implications of the concept ”hembygd” changed. In the beginning of the period, the concept ”hembygd” offered a fruitful way to focus and delimit the primary study of the environments. In the end of the period, however, the concept was abandoned, as it no longer had the capacity of gathering the teaching content. Accordingly, the era of this school subject was over.
Analisis Pengaruh Ekspor Migas dan Non Migas terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Salsabila Dinda Risa Naura
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekspor migas dan nonmigas terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan Kementerian Perdagangan (Kemendag) berupa data triwulan time series periode 2013 - 2020. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan Eviews 10. program. Hasil studi uji t menunjukkan bahwa ekspor migas berpengaruh. positif untuk Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dengan nilai signifikansi 0,007 <0,05 dan Ekspor Non Migas tidak berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi sebesar 0,511> 0,05. Secara simultan Ekspor Migas dan Non Migas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dimana proporsi pengaruh kedua variabel terikat dilihat dari R2 sebesar 23,1%.
Proposta de um indicador de corrupção no Brasil baseado em dados do Tribunal de Contas da União
Authors: Garcia Gilson Piqueras
Published: June 2022

: O objetivo deste trabalho é propor e construir um indicador brasileiro, objetivo e regional de corrupção com base no cadastro de contas julgadas irregulares do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU). Para isto, inicialmente é feita uma revisão da literatura sobre o conceito de corrupção. O estudo é qualitativo e quantitativo, e utiliza a Jurimetria, que é a Estatística aplicada ao Direito. A pesquisa usa técnica documental, sendo que os documentos eletrônicos foram coletados no sítio eletrônico do TCU e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). O trabalho se justifica na medida em que é necessário ter um indicador brasileiro, regional e objetivo para permitir comparações entre estados e ao longo do tempo, para planejar, analisar e controlar políticas públicas de combate à corrupção. Ao final é proposto o CIPM (contas irregulares por milhão de habitantes) como indicador de corrução que atende as características almejadas.
Acceso a información como derecho instrumental:
Authors: Moncayo Vives Guido
Published: June 2022

El presente documento pretende hacer un análisis de la incidencia a favor del ejercicio del derecho humanos de acceso a la información pública por parte de la Defensoría del Pueblo de Ecuador durante el 2020, en medio de la más grave crisis sanitaria, económica y social del último siglo, causada por la pandemia del covid-19. Para esto, el texto arranca haciendo un recuento del derecho al acceso a la información, como un derecho humano fundamental y que debe ser garantizado en pleno siglo XXI como un derecho instrumental a otros derechos. Luego, se revisan los pronunciamientos expedidos por la Defensoría del Pueblo de Ecuador (DPE) y, de manera especial, los relacionados al acceso a la información pública, para finalizar con una serie de conclusiones y recomendaciones al respecto. Ka metodología de estudio es cualitativa, realizada a partir del análisis del contenido de los pronunciamientos defensoriales emitidos durante el 2020. Las limitaciones de la investigación están dadas por que la fuente de información fue única, con lo cual se recomienda para futuros estudios el poder contar con las demás acciones defensoriales y, de ser el caso, desde otros actores relevantes.
Implementação dos programas de integridade nas organizações da sociedade civil do Distrito Federal: um de teste adaptabilidade
Authors: Morgan Beatriz Fátima , Morais de Barcellos Tatyane
Published: June 2022

A Lei nº 6.112/2018 do Distrito Federal estabelece a obrigatoriedade da implementação de um programa de integridade nas instituições que celebram contratos com a administração pública, incluídas as Organizações da Sociedade Civil. Entretanto, o objetivo não lucrativo dessas instituições requer mais parcimônia na utilização de seus recursos financeiros em atividades-meio. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa busca compreender o processo de implementação de um programa de integridade em entidades sem fins lucrativos. Esta pesquisa é qualitativa, exploratória, e utiliza entrevistas para a coleta dos dados em seis entidades. Os entrevistados consideraram o programa de integridade como algo benéfico para a reputação das instituições e um aliado na captação de recursos com o setor privado. Contudo, observaram a onerosidade de sua implementação como um obstáculo. Há interesse na implementação, entretanto há algumas disformidades quanto a execução de seus elementos que podem ser explicadas pelas características orgânicas presentes em instituições sem fins lucrativos. As instituições ainda não conseguem responder completamente às demandas da legislação.
Transparência e acesso à informação de dados relativos a incentivos fiscais
Authors: Lolli Eduardo Henrique
Published: June 2022

este artigo tem por objetivo conhecer os principais desafios e avanços à transparência de informações sobre incentivos fiscais, inclusive em nível de contribuintes beneficiários. Inicialmente, são apresentados referenciais teóricos referentes a políticas públicas, extrafiscalidade, incentivos fiscais e renúncia de receitas tributárias; após, disserta-se sobre os principais desafios à transparência nessa questão, principalmente de dados individualizados em nível de contribuintes nessa matéria; e, por fim, abordam-se os principais avanços normativos e legislativos com o potencial de ampliar o nível de transparência quanto àquelas informações e dados, tanto aos órgãos de controle como à sociedade em geral. As hipóteses ventiladas são: a) os principais óbices à transparência nessa matéria consistem na falta de metodologia uniforme para o cálculo de renúncia de receitas entre os diferentes entes federados e a interpretação de que informações individualizadas em nível de contribuinte sobre incentivos fiscais por ele fruídos são protegidas por sigilo fiscal; b) no que tange ao óbice do sigilo fiscal, recentes e importantes avanços normativos e legislativos foram produzidos para permitir maior transparência nessa questão. Ambas as hipóteses são confirmadas ao final do artigo. Utiliza-se o método de pesquisa hipotético-dedutivo, baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica, revisão de literatura, dados oriundos de pedidos de acesso à informação junto a órgãos públicos e consulta à legislação sobre o tema.
Transparência para uma “virada sociológica”
Authors: David Pozen  , Flávia Lemos Sampaio Xavier  , Marcus Vinicius de Azevedo Braga
Published: June 2022

A Revista da CGU abre seu dossiê comemorativo dos 10 anos da LAI no Brasil com uma seção de entrevistas. A entrevista é um instrumento de comunicação científica que proporciona a oportunidade de envolvimento da sociedade em discussões atuais, relevantes e densas, em um formato mais dinâmico e aberto do que tradicionais artigos acadêmicos.

 

Os editores da Revista da CGU, Flavia Xavier e Marcus Vinicius Braga, propuseram as perguntas e trabalharam o direito à informação a partir de uma perspectiva social. A provocação é pensar criticamente, além das estruturas existentes. Aproveite as discussões!

 

É uma grande honra abrir este dossiê com o Prof. David Pozen, Vice-Reitor para a Vida Intelectual e Professor da Escola Charles Keller Beekman de Direito na Universidade de Columbia, nos Estados Unidos da América.

 

Acadêmico com uma ampla gama de experiências práticas no Departamento de Estado, na Suprema Corte e no Senado dos Estados Unidos, o Prof. Pozen escreveu inúmeros artigos e ensaios sobre transparência e outros temas relacionados.

 

Em 2018, o Prof. Pozen e o Prof. Michael Schudson publicaram o livro Troubling Transparency: The History and Future of Freedom of Information [Transparência Preocupante: A História e o Futuro da Liberdade de Informação, tradução livre], que reuniu ilustres estudiosos para avaliar a história e o futuro dos EUA. Em 2020, ele publicou o livro The Perilous Public Square: Structural Threats to Free Expression Today [A Perigosa Praça Pública: Ameaças Estruturais à Liberdade de Expressão Hoje, tradução livre], que identifica e avalia ameaças à liberdade de expressão representadas pela ascensão do populismo autoritário, da mudança tecnológica e de outras forças.
Women and Leadership: Lessons from Some of the World’s Most Powerful Women (Julia Gillard and Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala)
Authors: Motsage Lesego
Published: June 2022

Women are often described as the pillars of society and the pioneers in political, economic and cultural life. Therefore, it is important that women are given the platform and equal opportunities to be able to lead in the workplace, to participate in the economy and have a say when it comes to politics. However, the above is not always the case, as women in this day and age and across the world are still not treated equal to men. Some societies and industries appear to have a hard time accepting that a women’s role in society is changing. But many 21st century women have realised their full potential. Women are no longer just staying at home and raising children whilst looking after the household. Instead they are taking up space and cementing themselves in what is considered male dominated space, politics; both international and domestic. However, it is a bit hard for them to unleash their true potential because there are obstacles that are put in place to intentionally make it hard for women to excel. In response to this, Julia Gillard and Ngozi Okonjo-lweala saw a need to write a book on women and leadership.
TO THE QUESTION OF INTEGRATION DIPLOMACY ON THE SILK ROAD
Authors: Akmal Yusupov
Published: June 2022

The article considers the trends in the development of diplomatic processes and trade and economic relations in the countries of Central Asia in the context of the Great Silk Road. Besides, the importance of the Great Silk Road in establishing and maintaining diplomatic relations between the centers of political life, the major states of Europe and Asia was invaluable was investigated.
KEYWORDS: Great Silk Road, diplomatic relations, communication, trade, embassy, civilization, trade.
RURAL SOCIETY: ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN CURRENT SCENARIO
Authors: Dr.Swati D.Girase
Published: June 2022

Rural society is a main society in India. India is well-known in world due to Indian culture, village society and rural lifestyle. In India, six lakhs villages are scattered. All villages show the unique qualities and feathers.
The development of agriculture greatly altered the social structure and institutions. The new form of economy made possible a more rapid growth in population. It also meant a more settled abode. Man founded villages and thereby created the need for new forms of social structure and social control. Family and marriage institutions have remarkable, special characteristics in the rural society.
Lack of access to credit is one of the most pressing issues that find in India. India’s rural population is mainly concern towards the Indian society.
Farmer’s suicide within the agricultural sector does not occur as a shocking matter as the farmers are deprived of monetary assistance. When they are most in need a farmer cries for help have been ignored as the damaging effects from the absence of credit loans tickles down the population. Apart from the healthcare of a farmer, the lack of access to credit also highly important as almost 80% the farmers own less than a hectare of land. The availability of credit alloys farmer’s to be protected from inflated costs faced in agriculture and also, improve the quality of fertilizers and hence the output. Should the distribution of credit loans improve the Indian government would also find it easily to meet production targets and have a better control over prices of grains.
Perbandingan Pidana Mati dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Pidana Indonesia
Authors: Saharuddin Saharuddin , Rasyid Muh. Fadli Faisal
Published: June 2022

We are all aware that death awaits us, the problem here is when and how we are picked up by death itself. For most humans, death is a very scary event, but there are also those who are picked up by death in a state of calm and peace. What about those whose deaths are decided by fellow human beings, this has always been a difference between society in general and scholars in particular. From year to year and even now, discussions about the pros and cons of imposing the death penalty continue to be an endless discussion. On the one hand, the death penalty is considered to be effective in deterring perpetrators, but on the other hand, the implementation of the death penalty is like usurping the author's authority. Indeed there is no statistical evidence that crime will decrease if the death penalty is applied in a country. On the other hand, if it is not applied, it has not been proven that in a country crime is increasing.
Professional Ethics of Legal Advisors or Advocates when Proceeding in Court
Authors: Permata Chusnul Qotimah Nita , Haidarrani Ananda , Sumbowo Eri Bambang Budi
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the professional ethics of a legal advisor or advocate when proceeding in court. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data were collected using the document study method conducted by the author. The conclusion can be stated that the advocate profession, in which the concept of an advocate is an officer of the court or in the language of Law Number 18 of 2003 concerning Advocates, an advocate is a law enforcer. As a law enforcer, upholding ethics from the perspective of the advocate profession is very contextual and therefore the next discussion will be followed on how the position and role of the advocate professional organization in upholding the ethics. Professional organizations have a Code of Ethics that imposes obligations and at the same time provides legal protection to each of its members in carrying out their profession. Advocates as a respectable profession who in carrying out their profession are under the protection of the law, the law and the Code of Ethics must maintain the image and dignity of the honor of the profession, as well as be loyal and uphold the Code of Ethics and Professional Oath, whose implementation is supervised by the Honorary Council. The Indonesian Advocate Code of Ethics is the highest law in carrying out the profession, which guarantees and protects but imposes an obligation on every advocate to be honest and responsible in carrying out their profession, especially when proceeding in court.
Az online terrorista tartalmak elleni fellépést támogató uniós és magyarországi intézkedések
Authors: Eck Gábor
Published: June 2022

Az online térben rejlő lehetőségek megkönnyítik a terroristák kommunikációját, felerősítik a propagandájuk hangját, segítik a szélsőséges gondolataik és terveik mind szélesebb körben való terjedését Az online terrorista tartalmak terjedésének megakadályozása – a véleménynyilvánítás, valamint az információk és eszmék megismerése és közlése szabadságának maradéktalan szem előtt tartásával – korunk egyik legnagyobb biztonsági kihívásának tekinthető. Célom az online terrorista tartalmak fogalmi körül határolása, az azokkal szembeni uniós és hazai intézkedések ismertetése, valamint online terrorizmus ellen fellépő szervezetek ezirányú tevékenységének bemutatása rávilágítva arra, terrorizmus elleni küzdelem komplexitása csak akkor garantálható, ha a digitális térben megjelenő terrorista tartalmak ellen összehangolt és szabályozott fellépések történnek uniós és nemzeti szinteken egyaránt.
A tálibok második hatalomátvételének történeti előzményei
Authors: Katona Magda Nasrin
Published: June 2022

Több évtizedes háború után az afganisztáni tálibok gyors katonai sikereket követően, 2021. augusztus 15-én, csaknem húsz évvel kiűzésük után ismét bevonultak az afgán fővárosba, Kabulba, miután a kormányhatalom összeomlott és a nemzetközi erők utolsó katonái is kivonulásra készültek. Nem Blizkriegről van szó, hanem hosszú folyamatról, amelynek eredményeként a tálibok kezére jutott egy ország anélkül, hogy kormányzásához kidolgozott politikával rendelkeztek volna. A szövetséges erők háborús kudarcának és a Ghání-rezsim gyors összeomlása okainak megértéséhez néhány történeti tényezőt érdemes megvizsgálnunk. Az ENSZ a szovjet csapatkivonulást (1989) követően tervet dolgozott ki a békés hatalommegosztásra a Nadzsíbullah-rezsim iskolázott szakemberei, a sah és Daúd Khán idejének technokratái, valamint az ellenzéki pártok és a mérsékelt mudzsáhid szervezetek képviselői között. Ezt azonban az Egyesült Államok kormánya és a jelcini orosz kormányzat meghiúsították. Az 1992-ben Kabulba bevonuló mudzsáhidok nem tudtak kormányozni. Belharcaiknak egy új erő, a tálibok vetettek véget. Ezeket a kormányzásra alkalmatlan mudzsáhidokat hozta vissza a hatalomba a nemzetközi koalíciós erőknek a tálib rezsim megdöntését célzó hadműveleteit lezáró, az új politikai rendet felvázoló 2001. december 3-5-i bonni konferencia, amelybe az afgán népnek nem volt beleszólása. Ezáltal eleve kudarcra volt ítélve a kormányzás, és a háború nem ért véget. A 2020. február 29-én aláírt megállapodás a tálibok és az Amerikai Egyesült Államok kormánya között nem hatalommegosztásról, békéről szólt, hanem a szövetséges erők kivonásának biztosításáról, és felgyorsította a Ghání-kormány bukását, a fegyveres erők összeomlását. Jelen dolgozatban pusztán az összeomlás közvetlen történelmi okait, az eredménytelen tárgyalások következményeit vizsgáljuk, a történelmi előzmények teljességének vizsgálata nélkül, valamint a tálib mozgalom történetét és felépítését mint széleskörű támogatottságuk és azon képességük lehetséges okait, hogy országszerte közbiztonságot teremtettek. A tálibok újból hatalomra kerülésének politikai és katonai okait egy másik tanulmányunkban vettük górcső alá. Áttekintjük továbbá a tálibok nemzetközi kapcsolatait, amelyek hivatalos diplomáciai elszigetelődésük ellenére kiterjedtek. A többpólusúvá váló világban, a megújult geopolitikai vetélkedés kereszttüzében levő ország továbbra is a nemzetközi érdeklődés középpontjában marad.
Teachers' Instructional Approaches in Teaching Literary Texts in an ESL Classroom: Learners' Impressions at Core
Authors: Benonguil John Achileeus , Barnido Jeremy
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to examine the challenges of the learners on the instructional approaches employed by their English teachers in teaching literary texts. It also sought the impressions of the learners towards these instructional approaches and practices. The study employed qualitative realistic phenomenology as design and utilized researcher-made probing questions to elicit responses from the participants. Using In-Depth Interviews (IDI) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) among the learners with Framework Method as the unit of analysis on the responses, the researcher found several themes that emerged and were categorically charted respectively. The challenges hindered learners from learning and appreciating literary texts. It also revealed the favorable impressions of the learners on the instructional approaches and practices of the teachers upon evaluating the teachers' approaches. With the study's limitations, it was recommended to investigate other lived realities of the learners to bank new knowledge and practices in literature education.
The Peculiarities of Foreign Exchange and Insurance Markets
Authors: Khatuna Shalamberidze Khatuna Shalamberidze , Nana Benidze Nana Benidze
Published: June 2022

Foreign exchange risk is one of the most important components of the financial market. Like any other financial risk, it can be managed or avoided. Financial risk management requires the relevant knowledge and resources and only specialized financial institutions are engaged in doing so. Thee commercial banks do not accept foreign exchange risks, their assets and liabilities are denominated in the same currency. Therefore, it is recommended for households and businesses to avoid the currency risk.
People's behavior is different during the sharp fluctuations of exchange rates. There is no ideal tactic for behavior. However, we would like to share some basic tips to help you reduce your expected financial risks; At the same time, the undesirable attitude characteristic of the period of strong fluctuations in the course will become clearer and more preventive. We hope that the information presented in such circumstances will help you to make the right decision.
Keywords: Foreign exchange and insurance market efficiency; Exchange rate risk insurance; Involvement of financial instruments.
Kemampuan Fonetik dalam Perkembangan Bahasa pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sihombing Lasdame Srydevi Octavia , Siagian Irwan
Published: June 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan fonetik dalam meningkatkan perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pengolahan data menggunakan studi dokumentasi dan pustakaan. Subjek penelitian adalah anak-anak usia 0-6 tahun. Perkembangan fonetik pada anak secara umum dapat dilihat dari kemampuan bahasa reseptif dan produksi bahasa. Ketika seorang anak telah mampu memproduksi bunyi dalam bahasa (fonetik) dengan tepat, mulai mencoba untuk mengaitkannya dengan makna yang hendak disampaikan dan menggunakan susunan kata-kata yang tepat dalam ungkapannya, anak tersebut sudah mampu untuk menggunakan bentuk bahasa ekspresifnya dalam menyampaikan gagasan. Dengan digunakannya bahasa ekspresif untuk menyatakan kehendak kepada pihak lain, anak tersebut mampu menerima respons dari lawan bicaranya dengan menggunakan kemampuan reseptifnya. Satu pihak menggunakan bahasa ekspresif dan pihak lain menggunakan bahasa reseptif dan sebaliknya merupakan suatu timbal balik yang sering disebut dengan komunikasi. Proses perkembangan pengetahuan fonetik pada anak usia dini dimulai dari tahap bayi, batita, prasekolah dan teman kanak-kanak. Perkembangan bahasa pada anak menunjukkan karakter yang spesifik di setiap tahap perkembangannya. Perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia dini mungkin berbeda-beda, namun secara alamiah perkembangan bahasa pada anak cenderung memiliki tahap yang sama. Perkembangan tersebut  harus seimbang  untuk memperoleh hasil yang optimal. Ada anak yang berusia 10-14 bulan sudah dapat mengucapkan satu kata sementara ada anak yang belum dapat mengucapkan satu kata dengan jelas. Di sisi lain, ada anak jenjang usia 3 tahun yang belum dapat memahami instruksi sederhana dari orang tuanya sementara di sisi lain ada anak yang sudah mampu memahami bahasa yang di ucapkan sesuai instruksi orang tuanya.
Makna berhadapan dengan notaris pada akta risalah Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham yang diselenggarakan secara elektronik dalam Perspektif Peraturan Perundang-undangan
Authors: Pratama Yogha Octhanio , Yetniwati Yetniwati , Suryahartati Dwi
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk menganalisis, mengetahui dan kemudian menjelaskan mengenai Konsep berhadapan dalam pembuatan akta risalah Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham yang diselenggarakan secara elektronik. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Hasil Penelitian ini yaitu Perbedaan pandangan para ahli dalam memandang terkait perluasan makna “berhadapan dengan Notaris” yang secara fisik apakah dapat diselenggarakan melalui media elektronik di dalam UUJN, Hal ini menimbulkan keragu-raguan di kalangan Notaris dalam menyelenggarakan Tugas dan Kewenangannya dalam menjalankan tugasnya, karena dapat berakibat kekuatan pembuktian dari produk akta risalah E-RUPS yang dibuatnya. Secara hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan POJK tidak serta merta dapat menggeser ketentuan di dalam UUJN yang berstatus Undang-Undang dan memiliki kedudukan yang lebih tinggi. Idealnya mekanisme E-RUPS diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) yang dasar pengaturannya adalah Undang – Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas Sehingga dalam posisi seperti di atas, perlu ada penegasan terkait pengaturan perundang-undangan, sehingga dapat menjadi Lex Specialis dan UUJN sebagai Lex Generalis.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INCREASING THE BATTLE (FIRE) EFFICIENCY OF FRAGMENTAL EFFECT MEANS
Authors: Malishkin Olexiy , Bosyi Оlexandr , Grigorenko Sergiy , Ivanov Tymofіі , Galkin Andriy
Published: June 2022

The article considers the main characteristics of the existing means of fragmentation. It is confirmed that the means of destruction of fragmentation action hit the target when triggered within the target, by creating a field of striking elements, the impact of which can have a mechanical destructive, inflammatory or initiating effect. Trends in the development of modern means include both improved samples of existing types of artillery fire and their elements, and qualitatively new high-precision ammunition. The trend in the development of fragmentation munitions involves the transition to directed fragmentation flows, more precisely, to the flows of striking elements. The article proposes ways to improve the characteristics of fragmentation of the means of destruction by improving the characteristics of the fragmentation field of the lesion, by changing the chemical composition of steels and their mechanical properties in the production of high-explosive shells. Also, the direction of improving the characteristics of the fragmentation field of the lesion by changing the configuration of the fragmentation field, or the flow of striking elements per unit area of the affected target, which is at an arbitrary angle to the axis of the main ammunition. The article proposes to provide a holistic and systematic picture, prospects and trends in the development of means of fragmentation, with all the variety of related scientific and technical, design and technical, design and technology and operational problems. Thus, the trends of improvement of modern means of defeating fragmentation are aimed at both the modernization of existing and the creation of technically new systems that meet the requirements of modern all-out combat.
Keywords: sample of armament and military equipment, means of destruction, ammunition, striking elements, fragmentation beam projectile, fragmentation field characteristic, structural element, fragmentation effect of damage, planar damage.
DEVELOPMENT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS FOR ROCKETS AND AMMUNITION WITH USING PLASTIC RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Maksymchuk Dmytro , Bordyian Viacheslav , Bordyian Pavlo , Budur Oleh , Chuba Yevhenii
Published: June 2022

In this article, an analysis was made of those containers which are used in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Among the latter, it should be noted military packaging, as a specialized type of protection for R&A by various types and complexity, where every detail in the design of a container packaging is an important factor on which a number of characteristics responsible for storing ammunition depend. The need to introduce new types of containers for ammunition storage has been one of the most important over the past 15 years. The operation of wooden containers with a low resource is a temporary measure that has negative consequences in the arsenals system of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. The solution to this problem requires immediate intervention and the commissioning of fundamentally new types of containers for ammunition.
The article shows the importance of organizing the production of basalt-fiber materials with additives in the form of plastic-containing materials, the prospects of their use for solving the economic problems of Ukraine in the process of manufacturing container-type containers. The properties of continuous basalt fibers are analyzed in comparison with glass fibers of the E-type and high-modulus fibers of the UM-31A type. The basic block diagrams of methods for the formation of basalt fibers are given and the areas of their use for the manufacture of composites based on polymer and inorganic binders are determined.
A unified container made of glass-basalt composites for storing and transporting ammunition is presented. The technical and economic advantages of this container in comparison with standard wooden containers are shown. It has been determined that basalt fiber materials, composites and products based on them are commercial objects that require scientific and technical support through fundamental and applied research.
Keywords: packaging, transportation, requirements, ammunition, plastic, storage.
FROM IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD OF ESTIMATING EFFICIENCY OF DELIVERY AND EVACUATION MATERIAIS IN SEPARATE MECHANIZED BRIGADE DURING THE CONDUCT OF BATTLE ACTIONS
Authors: Levchenko Igor , Kuzenko Yuri , Kindrat Victor
Published: June 2022

The article proposes an improved methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the material transportation and evacuation subsystem in a separate mechanized brigade, which can be used to assess the effectiveness of the rear power system of a separate mechanized brigade during combat operations. The efficiency of completing tasks related to the transportation and evacuation of material assets is mainly influenced by the degree of staffing of automobile units and the condition of vehicles, which is indicated by the coefficient of technical readiness. Also taken into account is the degree of use of carrying capacity and number of flights of vehicles, physical and geographical conditions of the combat area, season and time of the day. All this can significantly affect the daily mileage of vehicles and the fulfillment of tasks related to the transportation and evacuation of material assets. An improved methodology is provided for assessing the effectiveness of the material supply subsystem in a separate mechanized brigade, which can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the rear support system of a separate mechanized brigade during combat operations.
During the study of the process of rear support of troops, an important theoretical and practical task is to evaluate the effectiveness of the material resources (MR) transportation and evacuation subsystems in a separate mechanized brigade (smbri) during combat operations. Certain approaches to solving this problem have been developed in a number of sources. However, the experience of the Anti-Terrorist operation in the territory of Donetsk and Lugansk regions and other armed conflicts of recent decades indicates the need to improve the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the subsystem of transporting and evacuation MR, which would take into account changes in the requirements for the subsystem of transporting and evacuation MR to the separate mechanized brigade, and increase the efficiency of the logistics support system as a whole.
Keywords: separate mechanized brigade, rear support, system efficiency, material resources transportation and evacuation, vehicles, automobile units, transportation of material resources.
USE OF MODERN POLYMER MATERIALS IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS, BOATS AND SUBMARINES
Authors: Savinok Oksana , Marinicheva Kateryna , Kobzar Tetyana
Published: June 2022

Today forces scientists to actively seek, create, research and implement new materials that would meet the needs of the time. Metal structures have been replaced by polycomposite, which, in addition to corrosion resistance, reduce magnetic, radar and infrared signatures, improve thermal and sound insulation characteristics of ships, boats, submarines and marine apparatus. Given the versatility of CM, they are widely used in shipbuilding in the creation of surface and internal structures. The fluidity of the requirements for the technical characteristics of modern surface and underwater vehicles, encourages the use of new synthetic materials, so the analysis of the experience of using polymers in the field of shipbuilding - is relevant. To determine the promising areas of use of PCM, the experience of leading shipyards and the main classes of water vehicles on which these materials are implemented are analyzed.
To reduce the effect of pressure on the object when diving to the depth, the design of the submarine and deep-sea devices have a spherical or hemispherical shape. Therefore, usually the initial studies of the strength characteristics of structural materials are carried out for similar forms. Technical characteristics of structures with PCM are determined by many factors, important are - the method of formation, the chemical composition of the materials used, the shape of the reinforcing elements.
According to the analyzed experience of using PCM, it is established that the new synthetic materials allow to expand the functional properties and capabilities of ships, boats, submarines and marine apparatus. The world's leading maritime countries use PCM in the field of surface and submarine shipbuilding, which can significantly improve the tactical and technical characteristics of not only military vehicles but also civilian ones.
Keywords: polycomposite materials, spherical shapes of submarines, ships, submarines, vessels.
METHODICAL APPROACH TO SUBSTANTIATION OF REQUIREMENTS TO THE LOGISTICS SYSTEM OF OPERATIONAL GROUPING OF TROOPS
Authors: Kozachuk Vyacheslav , Popichenko Aleksandr , Tymkiv Oleg , Khavrych Grigoriy
Published: June 2022

The article proposes a methodical approach to justifying the requirements for the logistics system of the operational grouping of troops, which should include the following stages:
– the formation of a motorcade of functions (appointments) of the logistics system (including the shape of the motorcade, i.e. the sequences in it), in accordance with external factors affecting the functioning (military actions) of the military administration. An expert survey should be considered one of the most appropriate ways to do this procedure. The results of the survey calculate the value of the concordation factor. If the concordation ratio is low, the composition of the experts either changes or the task is clarified;
– formation of a set of parameters that characterize each of the functions in the relevant conditions of the operation (hostilities) of the military administration body. Operations at this stage are also carried out using the survey, in a sequence similar to the first stage;
– determination of the limit values of each of the parameters that characterize each of the functions in the appropriate conditions of the operation of the military administration body;
– assessment of compliance of certain requirements to the logistics support system (i.e. potential capability of the system) to the real needs of troops (forces) of the military management body;
– military-economic analysis of the implementation of measures to achieve certain requirements of the logistics system of the military administration body. This approach allows minimizing subjectivism when justifying requirements and thereby increasing the objectivity of their values. The prospects for further research can be considered the justification of requirements for the system of logistical support of the tactical link of troops.
Keywords: logistics support, operational grouping of troops, logistics means, military management body.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE QUALITY OF SPECIAL (COMBAT) TRAINING OF TERRITORIAL DEFENSE UNITS BASED ON THE RESULTS OF TRAINING
Authors: Barhilevych Anatolii , Huliak Oleh , Yefimov Hennadii , Minasov Volodimir
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of new approaches to determining the factors that significantly influence the organization of special (combat) training of separate brigades of territorial defense of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to perform assigned tasks taking into account the specifics of their formation and training.
The influence of conditions and factors on the level of compliance of the military forces system with the designated tasks, as well as the organization of effective training of its components to carry out the tasks for the purpose changes depending on the changes in the military-political situation, level of development of the state economy and military forces of the opposing parties, state of infrastructure, operational equipment of the territory of the country, etc.
Considering the significant variability in the definition of conditions and factors that in general affect the organization of training and combat readiness of military units and troops of the armed forces, We can agree with the above-mentioned researchers and conditionally group these diverse conditions into two groups of factors - external (objective) and internal (sub-individual), which are characterized by certain indicators.
Therefore, in contrast to the proposed approach, we propose to divide the objective and subjective factors into general, basic, the primary and indirect influence factors, which exert varying degrees of influence, both on the training of the armed forces and on the performance of designated special (combat) tasks.
In order to identify the essence and importance of the influence of external and internal factors on the organization of special (combat) training of the special forces and combat service units, it is necessary to carry out their all-round analysis.
Mechanically transferring the experience of other countries to national realities will be ineffective, but the implementation of certain areas of organization of training of military personnel and reservists can lead to an increase in efficiency of the training system for the mobilization contingent of territorial defense units.
The identified objective factors and their indicators are general and only indirectly influence the quality of training of the special forces and military units and their further performance of the tasks assigned to them.
Keywords: territorial defense, territorial defense units, factors of influence on special (combat) training.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC OFFERS OF THEORETICAL POSSIBILITY OF RE-EQUIPMENT OF THE COAL GAS GENERATOR INSTALLATION FOR THE PYROLYSIS OF USED RUBBER PRODUCTS
Authors: Zdanevich Vladimir , Malikov Valery , Nesterov Oleg
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the work is a conduction of complex research of developing recommendations for environmental safety of low-temperature pyrolysis of used rubber products, as well as the production of quality secondary raw materials and it`s using for needs. It is necessary to determine the optimal parameters of the technological process of destructive processing of various used rubber products, to ensure environmental safety, energy efficiency and resource conservation of the technological process of processing used rubber products by pyrolysis. Determination of qualitative and quantitative indicators of products produced by pyrolysis of used rubber products. Important meaning in the process of pyrolysis of used tires has the development of a technological complex in order to create safe processing conditions in the municipal economy. It is necessary to substantiate the ecological and economic efficiency of practical application in the process of pyrolysis of tires of the existing coal gas generation unit.
In recent years, road transport has become one of the factors which significantly affecting on the ecology of the state. A large number of environmental pressures on the environment occurs not only due to carbon monoxide, but also due to the large volumes of used rubber products. In world practice, there are a number of ways to handle this type of waste, the main of which are incineration, regeneration, crushing, recovery, liquefaction, use of tires without prior preparation, pyrolysis. The decommissioned tire is a valuable secondary raw material containing 60-75% rubber, 10-20% carbon black, 5-10% metal, so its effective recycling) can solve not only environmental problems, but also provide high profitability of processing industries. Pyrolysis is a very common chemical method of disposing of decommissioned tires, which produces a solid carbon residue, liquid, and gas phase. From an environmental point of view, it has undeniable advantages and allows you to save valuable hydrocarbons for further secondary using. However, for nowdays, the parameters of the pyrolysis modes of rubber products are insufficiently studied,, as well as the qualitative and quantitative composition of secondary products obtained with his help.. In this regard, there is a necessity of developing recommendations for environmentally friendly application of the technology of processing worn and discarded tires using a potentially promising method of low-temperature pyrolysis.
Keywords: environmental safety. Pyrolysis. Industrial rubber goods, energy efficientcy, economic efficiency.
SOME REQUIREMENTS FOR A PROSPECTIVE ARMORED WHEEL PLATFORM
Authors: Manzhai Oleh , Remin Vadym , Kulyk Mykhailo , Sukhorukov Volodymyr , Shtogrin Ivan
Published: June 2022

The article contains material that significantly affects the further formation of operational and tactical requirements for the chasm of the armored wheeled platform (BKP) designed for the needs of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, taking into account modern needs and in accordance with NATO standards. The basis in the writing of this article is the result of joint work of personnel of the Department of Armored Vehicles and the Scientific Center of the Military Academy (Odessa) on the development of operational and tactical requirements for an armored wheeled platform in order to further form informed decisions.
In the article, the authors did not consider or compare the prospective sample on the tracked course, but consider a promising line of BKP for the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the requirements for which are significantly different from the purpose of tracked machines. In turn, the wheel platform, compared with the tracked move, has significant advantages in moving outside the areas of hostilities. And the troops still adhere to the tactics of constant stay in motion. The wheel stroke, unlike the tracked one, is a larger travel resource and high technical reliability, the ability to use standard units and aggregates of civilian wheeled machines simplifies maintenance and repair.
The positive result of using the local industrial base was felt in March-April 2014 by the AFU units, who were one of the first to put forward their full-time equipment to restore the constitutional order in the east of the state. The design of the BTR, which are in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine, allowed them to be used on the way of nomination of forces and means of civil service stations, local enterprises, agricultural fleets, etc., in particular spare parts for the KAMAZ 740 engine.
Keywords: armored wheeled platform, operational and tactical requirements, armored weapons and equipment.
APPLICATION OF MOBILE ROBOTS SQUAD IN COMBAT
Authors: Zinko Roman , Bojko Oleg , Cherevko Yurij , Berezenskyi Ruslan , Chereushenko Bogdan
Published: June 2022

Nowadays mobile robots are becoming one of the most important areas of military robotics. Their effective use is an urgent problem that should take into account the features of robots design, the tactics of their use and assessment of the effectiveness of their application. In military affairs, two goals can be distinguished when using military robots: increasing the efficiency of performing combat missions and reducing losses of military personnel; providing the main forces that carry out combat missions with the necessary material and information resources. In case of replacement of servicemen in combat actions with mobile combat robots (MCR), it becomes necessary to use them effectively.
The purpose of the article is to develop tactics for the use of mobile robots in the military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The following tasks were solved for this purpose: a definition of the squad of mobile strike robots was given, its armament, the distribution of duties of military personnel who ensure the operation of mobile combat robots, the actions of squad in the main types of combined arms combat: defense and offensive, an assessment of the effectiveness of using combat robots. The article gives the definition of the squad of combat (strike) robots, defines its composition and weapons. The squad includes mobile combat robots: a support robot, two strike robots, observer-robot, router-robot, Kesentai mines robots. The availability of delivery (transportation) vehicles with a control center is important for the squad of strike robots. The squad includes military personnel: squad leader, operators of MCR 1 and MCR 3, (weapons control), operators of MCR 2, MCR 4 (traffic control), driver of delivery vehicles, observer, guard. Each of them has its own responsibilities, designed to comprehensively solve the task assigned to the squad.
Keywords: combat (strike) robot, defense, offensive, the effectiveness of the use of a squad of combat (strike) robots.
Verbindungslinien
Authors: Sattler Julia
Published: June 2022

[Dieser Beitrag erscheint in der Reihe „City Scripts trifft Pixelprojekt_Ruhrgebiet“, einer Kooperation des KWI-Blogs, dem Leiter des „Pixelprojekt_Ruhrgebiet“ Peter Liedtke (DGPh) und Autor*innen des Forschungskollegs City Scripts, die sich künstlerisch oder wissenschaftlich mit Bildserien des Pixelprojekt_Ruhrgebiet auseinandersetzen.]
Peer-coaching and inclusive collaborative learning using ICT
Authors: Huber Susanne , Lupschina Rainer , Schwarz Melanie , Krey Katja
Published: June 2022

The professional dilemmas teachers are facing tend to be complex and unpredictable. Consequently, teacher trainees need a collaborative professional learning area that acknowledges those  multifaceted challenges (Beaton et al. 2020). Peer coaching and collaborative learning structures using ICT have been implemented in teacher training with the aim to advance the development of positive attitudes towards inclusion and diversity. In addition, collaborative online learning has been implemented in a school so that teacher trainees and teachers alike learn how to guide pupils to support each other in inclusive settings.
Optimization of Zeesan SARS-COV-2 Test Kit for Porcine DNA Detection Tests on Processed Meat Products and Complex Processed Product
Authors: Bhakti Tirta Setya
Published: June 2022

Various brands of covid 19 RNA detection kits are widely used by covid 19 testing laboratories. One of these kits is the Zeesan SARS COV-2 Test Kit. The Zeesan kit cannot be used to detect porcine DNA. There has been no official research on the use of optimized covid 19 detection kits for porcine DNA detection, thus the optimization of the Zeesan SARS COV-2 Test Kit used to detect porcine DNA is a new innovation in molecular testing. The purpose of this study was to find the right combination between the Zeesan SARS COV-2 Test Kit detection kit and the porcine primer-probe. Then look for the appropriate temperature setting for the amplification process for porcine DNA testing. Analysis using Liferiver brand real-time PCR with hydrolysis probe method. The study was conducted by running 3 types of positive porcine samples with 3 different concentrations. The research sample used sausage, ham, and noodles. The results showed that the combination detection kit of Zeesan SARS COV-2 Test Kit-primary probe porcine successfully detected porcine DNA in 3 positive samples of porcine with a concentration of 10 ng and 5 ng. Meanwhile, at a concentration of 1 ng, it could only be detected in 2 positive samples. In addition, this study showed a relatively faster detection time of porcine DNA than several previous studies.