bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visualization of potential gait performance change during test-retest using a tri-axial accelerometer
Authors: Fujiwara Shunrou , Sugawara Atsushi , Oikawa Kohki , Sato Shinpei , Koji Takahiro , Nishikawa Yasumasa , Nishimura Yukihide , Ogasawara Kuniaki
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to clarify whether a potential variation in the gait parameters of healthy participants exists during multiple gait performances using a tri-axial accelerometer. Among 44 participants, 36 completed the gait assessments twice, which comprised a 10 m walk test performed six times for each assessment, while wearing a tri-axial accelerometer fixed at the third lumbar vertebra of the backbone. Eight gait parameters (assessment time, number of steps, stride time, cadence, ground reaction force, step time, velocity, and step length) were automatically calculated from the wave dataset of each 10 m walk test wave. In the first assessment, a significant variation in six values of five gait parameters was observed except for stride time, cadence, and step time. In the second assessment, however, the changes disappeared in terms of the number of steps, ground reaction force, and stride length, whereas it appeared in the three parameters that showed no change in the first assessment. The existence and nonexistence of variations observed in the gait parameters may indicate the learning effect of the repeated gait performances.
ZSWIM4 regulates early embryonic patterning and BMP signaling pathway by promoting nuclear Smad1 degradation
Authors: Wang Chengdong , Liu Ziran , Zeng Yelin , Zhou Liangji , Long Qi , Ul Hassan Imtiaz , Zhang Yuanliang , Qi Xu-Feng , Cai Dongqing , Mao Bingyu , Lu Gang , Sun Jianmin , Yao Yong-Gang , Deng Yi , Zhao Qian , Feng Bo , Zhou Qin , Chan Wai Yee , Zhao Hui
Published: July 2022

The dorsoventral gradient of BMP signaling plays an essential role in embryonic patterning. We found that Zinc Finger SWIM-Type Containing 4 (zswim4) is expressed in the Spemann-Mangold organizer at the onset of Xenopus gastrulation and then enriched in the developing neuroectoderm at the mid-gastrula stages. Knockdown or knockout of zswim4 caused ventralization. Overexpression of zswim4 decreased, whereas knockdown of zswim4 increased, the expression levels of ventrolateral mesoderm marker genes. Mechanistically Zswim4 attenuates the BMP signal by decreasing the protein stability of Smad1 in the nucleus. Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) identifies Elongin B (ELOB) and Elongin C (ELOC) as the interaction partners of Zswim4. Indeed, Zswim4 forms a complex with the Cul2-RING ubiquitin ligase and ELOB and ELOC, promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of Smad1 in the nucleus. Our study identified a novel mechanism that restricts BMP signaling in the nucleus.
Analysis of morphology and phase transition in EDM for 8YSZ thermal barrier coating on Inconel 718 surperalloy
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Li , Guo Yongfeng , Feng Yerui , Du Yunlong
Published: July 2022

In present research, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out to analyze the experimental phenomena, the element composition, the phase transitions during electrical discharge machining (EDM) drilling process for 8 wt% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (8YSZ) thermal barrier coating (TBC) on Inconel 718 superalloy. The observation of microscopic morphology and EDS analysis for the machined 8YSZ surface showed that there were four kinds of debris particles deposited: molten brass particle, the vaporized brass particle, molten 8YSZ particle and the vaporized 8YSZ particle. The debris particles are produced by physical deposition and chemical adsorption of molten and vaporized electrode and workpiece materials. In addition, the chemical reactions in the discharge gap were analyzed. The analysis results indicated that not only the adsorption of pyrolytic carbon, but also the deposition of brass and the chemistry of 8YSZ promote the formation of the conductive layer on the 8YSZ TBC. Furthermore, the effects of the phase transitions on machining quality were studied. The XRD analysis illustrated that 8YSZ existed on the machined surface in cubic and tetragonal phases. The brittle fracture and delamination occur on the surface of thermal-barrier-coated superalloys (TBCs) by thermoelastic stress and transformation stress of phase. Finally, based on the characteristics of each processing stage and the phase transitions occur at 8YSZ coating, the 8 forming stages of conductive layer during EDM drilling process for TBCs were proposed.
A Novel Feature Selection Method Based on Bio-inspired Artificial Intelligence for The Feature Selection of Bio-metric Data
Authors: Ghoualmi Lamis , Benkechakche Mohamed-El-Amine , Draa Amer
Published: July 2022

Recently, both industry and academics are paying increasingly more attention to bio-metric authentication using palm vein patterns due to the benefits it provides over traditional methods, like those that rely on a fingerprint, iris, or face. However, feature extraction of the palm vein feature, which seeks to collect the most distinctive features that uniquely identify individuals might have redundant and useless features, which would reduce the performance of the bio-metric system and cause a dimension issue. This paper presents an improved feature selection technique based on a bio-inspired artificial intelligence algorithm called Discrete Artificial Bee Colony (DABC) for palm vein bio-metric authen-tication. The best set of features from those offered by Gabor feature extractor are selected using the DABC algorithm. In attempt to grant additional diversity and effectively explore the solution space, a variant of Opposition Based Learning (OBL) notion is implemented. The proposed approach, termed Modified Opposition based DABC (MODABC), has been evaluated using the CASIA palm vein database in comparison to a number of feature selection algorithms based on bio-inspired artificial intelligence. The experimental findings demonstrate that the presented method perform better that the literature in a number of areas, including accuracy, FRR, FAR, feature vector size, and fitness values. The method being proposed enables providing a suitable balance between the feature vector size and the authentication rate.
A study of Cu and As containing pigments in Zhejiang architecture polychrome paintings
Authors: Shen Ling , Wang Chenya , Zhang Jiachen , Cui Biao , Zhu Suimin , Mao Jianqiang
Published: July 2022

The analysis of pigments’ elemental composition and molecular structure is an important method to explore the pigment production process, trading and ageing progress. The green pigments containing copper (Cu) and arsenate (As) in paintings are usually recognized as emerald green or Scheele’s green and are also rarely reported as cornwallite and lavendulan. Recent studies point out that lavendulan may be the degradation product of emerald green. Overall, there are still relatively few cases of current studies on green pigment with Cu and As. The elemental composition and molecular structure of green minerals containing Cu and As are similar, so it is difficult to identify by Raman spectroscopy. In this study, the green pigment specimens containing Cu and As are obtained from Ziweishan traditional dwellings and Wenchang palace architectural paintings. The paint samples’ composition was investigated comprehensively by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope observation, micro-X-ray diffraction (µ-XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis. From the results of elemental distribution, the pigments mainly contain Ca, Cu, As, and Cl. The morphological results illustrated that the particles at these three pigments are rounded and granular, indicating the synthetic pigment is possibly emerald green. The characteristic vibrational peaks of As-O, Cu-O, and Cu-Cl bond were detected by Raman spectroscopy, and the infrared spectroscopy found the presence of oxalate salt. The XPS and XANES analysis results show that As valence is + 5. This study found that the green pigment samples are a degradation product of emerald green. The formation of this product is related to the preservation environment. The results of this work will provide information to understand the degradation processes of emerald green and be a reference for the identification of pigments containing Cu and As elements.
Traffic-Net: 3D Traffic Monitoring Using a Single Camera
Authors: Rezaei Mahdi , Azarmi Mohsen , Mir Farzam Mohammad Pour
Published: July 2022

Computer Vision has played a major role in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and traffic surveillance. Along with the rapidly growing automated vehicles and crowded cities, the automated and advanced traffic management systems (ATMS) using video surveillance infrastructures have been evolved by the implementation of Deep Neural Networks. In this research, we provide a practical platform for real-time traffic monitoring, including 3D vehicle/pedestrian detection, speed detection, trajectory estimation, congestion detection, as well as monitoring the interaction of vehicles and pedestrians, all using a single CCTV traffic camera. We adapt a custom YOLOv5 deep neural network model for vehicle/pedestrian detection and an enhanced SORT tracking algorithm. For the first time, a hybrid satellite-ground based inverse perspective mapping (SG-IPM) method for camera auto-calibration is also developed which leads to an accurate 3D object detection and visualisation. We also develop a hierarchical traffic modelling solution based on short- and long-term temporal video data streams to understand the traffic flow, bottlenecks, and risky spots for vulnerable road users. Several experiments on real-world scenarios and comparisons with state-of-the-art are conducted using various traffic monitoring datasets, including MIO-TCD, UA-DETRAC and GRAM-RTM collected from highways, intersections, and urban areas under different lighting and weather conditions.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia with intermediate-risk - results of the randomized ETAL-1 trial
Authors: Bornhauser Martin , Schliemann Christoph , Schetelig Johannes , Röllig Christoph , Kramer Michael , Glass Bertram , Platzbecker Uwe , Burchert Andreas , Hänel Mathias , Muller Lutz , Klein Stefan , Bug Gesine , Beelen Dietrich , Rösler Wolf , Schäfer-Eckart Kerstin , Schmid Christoph , Jost Edgar , Lenz Georg , Tischer Johanna , Spiekermann Karsten , Pfirrmann Markus , Serve Hubert , Stölzel Friedrich , Alakel Nael , Middeke Jan Moritz , Thiede Christian , Ehninger Gerhard , Berdel Wolfgang , Stelljes Matthias
Published: July 2022

The ideal post-remission strategy in patients with intermediate-risk (IR) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR) has been a matter of debate. To address this question, one hundred and forty-three patients with AML, IR cytogenetics in first CR or CRi, aged ≤ 60 years with an available HLA-matched sibling or unrelated donor were randomized 1:1 to either receive allogeneic HCT or high-dose cytarabine for consolidation and salvage HCT only in case of relapse. According to the intent-to-treat analysis, the probability of survival at 2 years was 71% (95%-CI 60-81%) and 84% (95%.CI 73-92%) in Arm A (Primary allogeneic HCT) and Arm B (Chemo-consolidation), respectively (p=.120). Disease-free survival after HCT in CR1 at 2 years was 69% (95%-CI 57-80%) compared to 41% (95%-CI 29-54%; p=.001). The cumulative incidence of relapse was 20% (95% CI 13-31%) and 57% (95%-CI 46-71%; p<.001), respectively. Non-relapse mortality at 2 years after primary allogeneic HCT was below 10% in both arms. No significant differences in health-related quality of life measures were observed. In summary, delayed allogeneic HCT in case of relapse may be a reasonable approach to patients ≤ 60 years of age with intermediate-risk AML in CR1 with an available donor.
LSTM-based short-term ionospheric TEC forecast model and position accuracy analysis
Authors: Ting Xie , Dai Zhiqiang , Zhu Xiangwei , Chen Biyan , Ran Chengxin
Published: July 2022

Ionospheric delay is one of the major error sources in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) single point positioning (SPP). Some empirical models have been proposed to correct ionospheric delay, which, however, are limited by the low accuracy. The single-point time-series-based ionospheric total electron content (TEC) forecast method theoretically introduces model error and the accumulation of forecast error increases during a day. Therefore, based on the regular variation characteristics of the ionosphere, to improve the forecast accuracy of the ionosphere, we propose a long short-term memory (LSTM) short-term forecast model using discrete GNSS data and ionospheric space environment data in the same period of multiple days. The LSTM ionospheric forecast model is constructed based on the 2014 single-site GNSS data from different regions (low, mid, and high latitude regions) of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC). The results are compared with the Klobuchar model, CMONOC regional ionosphere maps (RIM) data, and GNSS derived TEC measurements. The performance of each model in the SPP is also compared and analyzed to further examine the feasibility of the LSTM ionospheric forecast model. The comprehensive statistical analysis shows that: i) LSTM forecast model is consistent with GNSS-TEC observations at high, mid, and low latitudes, and the forecast error is less than 3 TECu, which is much better than that of the Klobuchar model and RIM model, and is robust to anomalous values. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the LSTM forecast model decrease with increasing latitude. ii) When being used in SPP, the LSTM forecast model brings significant improvement to position accuracy, which is overall better than the RIM and Klobuchar models. The RMSE of 3D position error is 2–4 m for the LSTM forecast model, 2–5 m for the RIM model, and 4–5 m for the Klobuchar model. iii) In terms of geographic location, for 3D position accuracy, it is highest at mid-latitudes followed by high latitudes and worst at low latitudes. For the percentage of 3D position corrections relative to the reference, it is highest at high latitudes followed by mid-latitudes, and lowest at low latitudes. The percentage of LSTM forecast model is 85%-90% at low latitudes, which is better than Klobuchar's 40%-80% and RIM's 75%-85%. Such percentage is over 90% at mid-latitudes, which is comparable to the RIM and about 50% better than the Klobuchar model. It is noteworthy that the LSTM performs even better than the reference data at high latitudes.
Apocrine epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma with phyllodes-like morphology of the parotid gland: A case report of an unusual histology with immunohistochemical and genetic analyses using next-generation sequencing
Authors: Kusafuka Kimihide , Rupp Niels J. , Freiberger Sandra N. , Skálová Alena , Vaněček Tomáš , Nakaguro Masato , Baba Satoshi , Kubota Aki , Takahashi Koji , Murakami Akinori , Muramatsu Aya , Arai Kazumori , Suzuki Makoto
Published: July 2022

Background
Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a relatively common tumor of the breast; however, it is known that it rarely occurs in other organs. We report a unique case of salivary PT-like carcinoma.
Case presentation:
A 79-year-old Japanese man noticed an elastic-hard mass in the right parotid region and consecutively underwent right superficial lobectomy. Histologically, the tumor was circumscribed with a fibrous capsule, and showed a cystic space and leaf-like architectures in the subcapsular area. The glandular epithelium showed fused glands with atypia and covered the spindle cell component with the leaf-like structures. Spindle cells harbored cellular atypia and overgrowth with a fascicular pattern. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial component was diffusely positive for cytokeratin (CK)7, androgen receptor, and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15, whereas the spindle cells were diffusely positive for vimentin, p63, SOX10, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and RAS Q61R. The latter was also partially positive for CK7 and CK14. The Ki-67 labeling index was 20.6%. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) indicated a missense mutation in HRAS (c.182A > G) and KRAS (c.35G > A,).
Conclusions
We diagnosed apocrine epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) with overgrowth of the myoepithelial carcinoma component and a PT-like morphology of the salivary gland. NGS is a very powerful tool for the diagnosis of unusual histology, like EMC.
Motion analysis of magnetic spring pendulum
Authors: Meng Yong
Published: July 2022

In order to analyze the motion characteristics of spring pendulum under the action of magnetic force, the motion of spring pendulum after applying a uniform magnetic field in a straight direction is considered. The first order approximate solution is given by studying the micro-vibration near the equilibrium point. The approximate solutions similar to Foucault's pendulum are also obtained considering the large weight of the pendulum ball and the soft spring. Then, a new internal resonance phenomenon of magnetic spring pendulum is found by harmonic balance method, and the conclusion is that the energy is transmitted in three modes of respiration, swing and deflection in sequence. Finally, the influence of magnetic field on the stability of spring pendulum is investigated, and the bifurcation phenomenon at its equilibrium point is found.
The Understandability of Diagnostic Criteria Towards the Latest Version of ICD: A National Participatory Research For a More Democratic Approach In The Conceptualization of the Term “Schizophrenia” Among Service Users In Greece
Authors: Skourteli Marina C. , Vasilopoulos Fotis , Kouroglou Vasiliki , Angelou Virginia E. , Kalpaxi Penny , Mavreas Venetsanos , Stylianidis Stelios
Published: July 2022

The present study was conducted in the framework of the wider international research of WHO for the revision of the ICD with regards to the understandability and relevance of the diagnostic terms of “schizophrenia”. Fifteen service users with a formal diagnosis of “schizophrenia” were recruited from an outpatient service in Athens, Greece. The results showed that most of the commonly encountered symptoms of the diagnosis were understood, but did not necessarily reflect with accuracy the lived experience of the participants. Preliminary correlations of the understandability and need for renaming with regards to socioeconomic factors emerged. Overall, the findings aim to initiate a dialogue on the understandability of diagnostic terms, the way they impact the lives of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, and possible ways of re-conceptualizing medical terminology with the active involvement of service users.
The efficacy of novel heterocyclic activators showed potential activity against mercuric chloride-induced acute renal failure in rats
Authors: El-kady Dina S. , Elmegeed Gamal A. , El-kassaby Mahitab I. , Farrag Abdel-Razik H. , Abdelhalim Mervat M. , Ali Naglaa A.
Published: July 2022

Synthesizing new heterocyclic steroids using some chemical strategies could be predictable to have promising efficiency against mercuric chloride-induced acute renal failure. Analytical and spectral data affirmed the structure of the unprecedented heterocyclic steroids. To assess their biological activities for 30 days, Group1: Healthy animals. Group2: Acute kidney injury were intraperitoneally injected with HgCl2 (5 mg/kg b.wt), Group3: divided into five subgroups were given one of the tested compounds (5. 6, 9 and 4 respectively) (50 mg/kg b.wt), Group4: Subjected to HgCl2 and divided into five subgroups and simultaneously treated with one of the tested compounds (5. 6, 9 and 4 respectively) (50 mg/kg b.wt.), Group5: Administered HgCl2 and treated orally at the same time with losartan in a dose of (30 mg/kg). At the end of the experimental period, synthesized compounds significantly prevented increased serum levels of creatinine, urea, renal lipid peroxidation, NO levels, decreasing serum AST, ALT, ALP, TNF-α, and IL-1 β levels and lipid profile concentration. and showed a significant increase in HDL and CAT levels. They moreover, upregulated levels of Nephrin-2 and KIM-1 Genes Expression. Histopathological results supported our biochemical findings. Noteworthy, compounds 6 and 9 in particular, have more antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than compounds 4 and 5 and play a salutary role against HgCl2 toxicity
The Utility of serial Echocardiography parameters in the Management of newborns with Congenital `Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) and predictors of Mortality
Authors: Soni Roopali , Soni Naharmal , Chakkarapani Aravanan , Gupta Samir , Yajamanyam Phani Kiran , Ali Sanoj KM , Anbari Mohammed El , Alhamad Moath , Anand Dhullipala , More Kiran
Published: July 2022

Objective: Ventricular dysfunction may be found in 40% of newborns with CDH. Ventricular performance is not only a predictor of disease severity but also mortality and need for ECMO. We studied the utility of serial echocardiography in the management of newborns with CDH and on survival outcomes.Study Design: This is a retrospective study wherein the demographic, clinical and echocardiographic data were retrieved from the local CDH registry and hospital clinical database. We studied the correlation of timed echocardiographic findings with mortality and other outcomes.Results: Fourty-two newborns with CDH were admitted during the study period (M/F:19/23), with median gestation of 38 weeks (IQR:36-39) and birth weight of 2.83 kg (IQR 2.45-3.17). Thirty-one were left-sided, seven right, one central, and three bilateral hernias. Twelve infants (28%) died in early infancy. Three infants were excluded from our analysis due to either palliation at birth or significant cardiac anomaly, resulting in a total of 137 echos from 39 infants being included in the analysis. Seventy percent of newborns who died and had an echo in first 72 hours, suffered from moderate to severe PH. Birth weight <2.8Kg, RVSP> 45.5 in the first 72 hours and postoperative VIS >23.5 and RSS >4.3 were good predictors of mortality in our cohort. Markers of elevated pulmonary pressures and cardiac function were useful in guiding therapy.Conclusions: Serial timed functional echocardiography (f-Echo) monitoring allows targeted therapy of patients with CDH. Birth weight, initial severity of pulmonary hypertension and postop RSS and VIS may be useful in predicting mortality.
Theoretical Model and Computer Simulation of Power Utility Matrix for the Integrated Distributed Energy Resources
Authors: Jin A.J. , SU J. , Liu D.
Published: July 2022

In this article, the authors methodically study the optimized distributed energy resources (DER)/ systems in terms of energy generation, consumption, transaction, and scheduling. They discovered a mathematical model that allows the users/ prosumers to arrive at the optimal trade-off among the three critical output functions including the output power, the energy benefit/cost, and its carbon footprint in operation. Systematic characterization in the given scenarios was discussed. Math model is classified into three or more eigenstates of the power utility matrix (PUM) model which is, in the linear algebra, also called the eigenstates approach [in Eigen space]. Mathematical model is a major discovery that has PUM and renders a transformation framework. This article investigates a type of so-called 3i3o model transforming three input variables/ parameters [or 3i parameters in the present case] into three output functions [or 3o functions]. Eigenstates approach of PUM may conveniently decouple the three critical outputs from one another; i.e., within a specified range, the user can increase the power output without affecting the amount of carbon by-product (output for DER, and with renewable energies). Furthermore, computer modeling is employed to resolve the optimal scheduling of energy within/ among the energy sources. Energy blockchain (EBC) approach further studies the values of several design rules. Theoretical model leads to a value dependency law that helps the users/ prosumers to benefit financially from DER. Finally, a carbon emission law of PUM is discovered within the DER design and is investigated in detail.
GBP2 acts as a member of the interferon signaling pathway in lupus nephritis
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Liao Yinping , Hang Qing , Sun Dong , Liu Ya
Published: July 2022

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the pathogenesis of LN is not fully understood. The currently available treatments do not cure the disease and appear to have a variety of side effects in the long term. The purpose of this study was to search for key molecules involved in the immune response during the development of LN through bioinformatics techniques to provide a reference for LN-specific targeted therapy. The GSE112943 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and 20 of the samples were selected for analysis. In, total 2330 differentially expressed genes were screened. These differentially expressed genes were intersected with a list of immune genes obtained from the IMMPORT immune database to obtain a total of 128 differentially expressed immune-related genes. Enrichment analysis showed that most of these genes were enriched in the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that the overall expression information of the sample was also significantly enriched in the interferon signaling pathway. Further analysis of the core gene cluster showed that nine genes, GBP2, VCAM1, ADAR, IFITM1, BST2, MX2, IRF5, OAS1 and TRIM22, were involved in the interferon signaling pathway. According to our analysis, the guanylate binding protein 2 (GBP2), interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) and 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) genes are involved in three interferon signaling pathways. At present, we do not know whether GBP2 is associated with LN. Therefore, this study focuses on the relationship between GBP2 and LN pathogenesis. We speculate that GBP2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of LN as a member of the interferon signaling pathway. Further immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of GBP2 was increased in the renal tissues of LN patients compared with the control group, confirming this conjecture. In conclusion, according to our study, GBP2 is a member of the interferon signaling pathway that may have implications for the pathogenesis of LN and serves as a potential biomarker for LN.
Fumonisin B1 aggravates inflammatory injury via mTORC1/pyroptosis, while promotes viral replication via mTORC1/apoptosis in Canine influenza virus-infected mice and A549 cells
Authors: He Wenmiao , Liu Dandan , Zhang Ping , Qu Jie , Yuan Xin , Li Xin , Chen Xingxiang , Huang Kehe
Published: July 2022

Canine influenza virus (CIV) has spread across the world and been a risk to canine and human. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin in feed and food, its pollution is low-level but very common. The co-occurrence of FB1 exposure and CIV infection is unavoidable. Here, we investigated the effects of low-dose FB1 exposure on CIV-induced inflammatory injury, viral replication and the underlying mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In CIV-infected mice, low-dose FB1 (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg p.i.) treatment promoted systemic and lung inflammatory injury, as demonstrated by increased expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and lung, increased occurrence of hemophagocytosis in spleen, promoted macrophage aggregation in lung, aggravated barrier damage and pathological injury of lung. In CIV-infected pulmonary epithelial model A549 cells, low-dose FB1 treatment significantly promoted the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines expressions and the decrease in tight junction proteins expressions. Meanwhile, FB1 treatment promoted viral replication in mice and A549. Importantly, FB1 promoted CIV-inhibited mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway and CIV-induced NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis, and inhibited CIV-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin blocked FB1-promoted pyroptosis, promoted FB1-inhibited apoptosis, and reversed FB1-promoted inflammatory injury and viral replication. NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 attenuated FB1-aggravated inflammatory injury rather than viral replication, and apoptosis activator LY294002 reversed FB1-promoted viral replication rather than inflammatory injury. Summarily, low-dose FB1 exposure aggravated CIV-induced inflammatory injury and viral replication in vivo and in vitro via mTORC1-triggered apoptosis-pyroptosis shift. Our study provided new sights into the influence of mycotoxin on the virus-host interaction and the CIV control.
Analysis of drug resistance and virulence of new sequence type methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST6905
Authors: Wan Jiahong , Ou Yangxue , Liu Xin , Yu Ting , Guo Shihui , Ren Jingjing , Zuo Qianfei , Wang Ning
Published: July 2022

Object: To reveal the drug resistance and virulence of new ST HA-MRSA ST6905 in Chongqing, we explore its drug resistance genotype and virulence characteristics, and provide basis for clinical treatment of patients. Methods: We applied the disc diffusion method to conduct antimicrobial susceptibility tests on a clinical isolated HA-MRSA. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), whole genome sequencing, growth curve analysis, mouse survival rate analysis and invasiveness test were perfomed to the isolate. Results: The results of disc diffusion showed that the isolate was resistant to fourteen kinds of antibacterial drugs to varying degrees. Thirteen kinds of antibacterial drugs were completely resistant. MLST analysis suggested that the isolate belonged to the newly described sequence type (ST) 6905. Whole genome sequencing analysis results showed that HA-MRSA ST6905 carries twenty-six types of drug resistance genes and twelve types of virulence genes related to adhesion, host immune escape, secretion, extracellular enzyme encoding, iron uptake and other functions. The gene island prediction results showed that there are sixteen gene islands in HA-MRSA ST6905 which carry multiple drug resistance genes and virulence. Predictive analysis of HA-MRSA ST6905 prophage and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) showed that 4 prophage and 29 CRISPR were found. Collectively, the results of growth curve test, survival analysis and invasiveness test showed that HA-MRSA ST6905 had strong growth ability and virulence. Conclusions: The new sequence type HA-MRSA ST6905 in Chongqing has a high level of virulence and drug resistance, which may have a stronger ability to acquire foreign genes. In addition, the results of this study also revealed genetic diversity of MRSA in Chongqing, among which the number of new sequence types is constantly increasing.
Characterization of CAPA Peptide and Its Receptor in Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Thakur Sudeshna , Jindal Vikas
Published: July 2022

The diuresis process in insects is under the regulation of CAPA neuropeptides, which activate the specific cognate receptor i.e CAPAr. In this study, we characterized the CAPAr gene (BtabCAPAr) in whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Asia II 1 for the first time. The two splicing isoforms of the BtabCAPAr gene i.e BtabCAPAr-1 and BtabCAPAr-2 which included six (421 aa) and five (355 aa) exons, respectively were recorded. The third exon was missing in the BtabCAPAr-2 isoform as compared to the BtabCAPAr-1 isoform. The transmembrane topology depicted the presence of seven and five transmembrane regions in BtabCAPAr-1 and BtabCAPAr-2, respectively. The relative BtabCAPAr gene expression in different whitefly life stages revealed the highest (3.76 folds) expression level of the BtabCAPAr gene in the adult stage as compared to the egg stage. The expression of the BtabCAPAr gene in the nymphal and pupal stage was found to be on a par with each other as well as egg stage. Two CAPA peptides, CAPA-PVK1 and CAPA-PVK2 were identified through a functional luminescence assay, which strongly activated the BtabCAPAr-1 receptor with very low EC50 values of 0.067 nM and 0.053 nM, respectively. The basic information generated in the study will help develop biostable peptides, which can be tested further and may lead to the development of new generation insecticides.
Effect of stocking density and feeding regimes on haematology, stress and histological recovery in stunted Lebeo rohita fingerlings reared in cage culture
Authors: Paswan Vinod Kumar , Rawat Kiran Dube , Srivast Prem Prakash , Prakash Chandra , Aklakur M. D. , R Somu Sunder Lingam , Sangavi Sivan , Kumar Munish , Poojari Nalini
Published: July 2022

A 330-day field trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of stocking density and feeding ration on stunted Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerling reared in floating net cages. The stunted fingerling of L. rohita with an average body weight 38.23 ± 1.90 g were stocked in cages (3 × 3 × 3 m) at different densities viz. T1 (10), T2 (15), T3 (20) and T4 (25) fish/m3 and fed with varying levels of feeding rations at 3, 4, 5 and 6% at each stocking density. The 4×4 factorial design was used, and each density and feeding level kept in triplicate, and fed with commercial pellet feed (crude protein 28% and fat 5%) twice in a day. The significant recovery was observed in the T1 (10*5 and 10*6) treatment groups, which showed highest Hb, RBC, PCV and lowest WBC content at the end of experiment. Similarly, significant changes were observed in glucose, cortisol and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which were highest in higher stocking density (T4), and normalized in lower stocking T1 (10*5 and 10*6) treatment groups. Histological examination showed, almost complete recovery of structural changes such as swelling/ edema primary lamellae, hyperplasia of basal epithelium between the secondary lamellae of gill and necrosis in liver of lower stocking densities (10 and 15 fish/m3). In contrast, greater structural changes in both the organs were observed in the higher stocking density groups (20 and fish nos/m3). Based on the results, it can be concluded that maximum growth and complete recovery (in term of haematology, stress and histological changes) were observed in lower stocking density (10 fish/m3) fed with 5 to 6% feeding levels. Hence, in an Indian reservoir cage-based cultures, 10 fish/m3 fed with 5 to 6% feeding rations can be recommended at commercial scale to get maximum and sustainable profit by using the stunted L. rohita fingerling.
Twenty-four-month interim results from a prospective clinical trial evaluating the performance and safety of a cellular bone allograft in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion
Authors: Park Daniel , Wind Joshua , Lansford Todd
Published: July 2022

Autologous bone grafts are the gold standard for spinal fusion, however harvesting autologous bone can result in donor site infection, haematomas, increased operative time, and prolonged pain. Cellular bone allografts (CBAs) are an alternative that avoids the need for bone harvesting, and may increase fusion success. The present study examined the efficacy and safety of CBA when used as an adjunct to lumbar arthrodesis. A prospective multicenter clinical trial was conducted in adult patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion with CBA. Radiographic fusion status was assessed by an independent review of dynamic radiographs and CT scans. Clinical outcomes were assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and visual analog scales (VAS) for back and leg pain. Adverse events were assessed through the 24-month follow-up. The presented data represents an analysis of available patients (N = 86) at 24-months follow-up. Successful fusion was achieved in 95.3% of patients. Clinical outcomes showed statistically significant improvements from baseline in ODI, VAS-Back, and VAS-Leg outcome measures. No patient characteristics or surgical factors were associated with pseudoarthrosis. The use of CBA resulted in a high rate of successful lumbar arthrodesis. Clinical outcomes demonstrated significant improvements in pain and disability.
Four-dimensional computed tomographic images evaluation of change of condylar movement with and without implant-supported removable prostheses in the fibular mandible: a pilot case series report
Authors: Yamashita Junya , Hashikawa Kazunobu , Kakei Yasumasa , Takeda Daisuke , Negi Noriyuki , Sekitani Toshinori , Sakakibara Akiko , Kimoto Akira , Hasegawa Takumi , Akashi Masaya
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Although it is believed that implant-supported removable prostheses (ISrP) improve the quality of life of patients who undergo mandibular reconstruction, few studies have focused on the effect of ISrP in the fibular mandible on the function of the temporomandibular joint. This pilot case series aimed to determine whether four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) images allow for the evaluation of changes in condylar movements with and without ISrP.Methods: Three patients who underwent ISrP following segmental mandibulectomy and free-flap reconstruction were evaluated. The participants were instructed to masticate a cookie during the 4DCT scan. The distance between the most anterior and posterior positions of the condyles on the sagittal view of the 4DCT images during chewing of the cookies was measured and compared with and without ISrP. Ethical approval was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Kobe University on 25 May, 2020 (No. B200052).Results: Although 4DCT revealed changes in the distances of condylar protrusion with and without wearing ISrP, there were no obvious differences among the three patients.Conclusion: The 4DCT motion analysis allows for the evaluation of the effect of wearing ISrP on condylar movements during mastication in patients with mandibular reconstruction and may become a useful objective evaluation method for the functional evaluation of ISrP.
Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bilinski Jaroslaw , Qiao Xiaoying , Wang Leyi , Yang Tianyu , Luo Rongmu , Yang Guibin
Published: July 2022

This article evaluates the efficacy and safety of FMT in the treatment of GVHD after HSCT using a systematic literature search to conduct a meta-analysis constructed of studies involving GVHD patients treated with FMT. 23 studies were included, among which 2 prospective cohort studies, 10 prospective single arm studies, 2 retrospective single arm studies, 2 case series and 7 case reports, comprise a total of 242 patients with steroid-resistant or steroid-dependent GVHD secondary to HSCT who were treated with FMT. 100 cases achieved complete responses, while 61 cases showed partial responses, and 81 cases presented no effect after FMT treatment. The estimate of clinical remission odds ratio was 5.51 (95% CI 1.49-20.35) in cohort studies, and the pooled clinical remission rate is 64% (51%-77%) in prospective single arm studies and 81% (62%-95%) in retrospective studies, case series and case reports. Five (2.1%) patients had FMT-related infection events, but all recovered after treatment. Other adverse effects were mild and acceptable. Microbiota diversity and composition, donor type, and other related issues were also analyzed. The data proves that FMT is a promising treatment modality of GVHD, but further validation of its safety and efficacy is still needed with prospective control studies.
Extreme-ultraviolet wave and accompanying loop oscillations
Authors: Devi Pooja , Chandra Ramesh , Awasthi Arun Kumar , Schmieder Brigitte , Joshi Reetika
Published: July 2022

In this article, we present the observations of an Extreme-Ultraviolet (EUV) wave, which originated from the active region (AR) NOAA 12887 on 28 October 2021 and its impact on neighbouring loops. The event was observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite at various wavebands and by the Solar TErrestrial RElationsObservatory-Ahead (STEREO–A), EUVI and COR1 instruments with a different view angle than SDO. We show that the EUV wave consists of severalwaves as well as non-wave phenomena. The wave–nature component includes:fast–mode part of the EUV wave, creation of oscillations in nearby loops andthe appearance of wave trains. The non-wave component consists of stationary fronts. We perform the analysis of selected oscillating loops and find the periods of these oscillation ranges from 230 – 549 s. Further, we compute the density ratio inside and outside the loops and the magnetic field strength. The computed density ratio and magnetic field are found in the range of 1.08 – 2.92 and 5.75 –8.79 G, respectively. Finally using the 3D point of view of the satellites we found that the EUV wave propagates ahead of the CME leading edge.
High-density Integrated Photonic Tensor Processing Unit with a Matrix Multiply Compiler
Authors: Ma Xiaoxuan , Peserico Nicola , Khaled Ahmed , Guo Zhimo , Nouri Behrouz , Dalir Hamed , Shastri Bhavin , Sorger Volker
Published: July 2022

Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a ubiquitous technology of the looming industry-4.0 era. However, progress of adopting intelligent automation of systems is limited by hardware overhead such as throughput, power consumption, and latency. At a conceptual level, electronics is at the end of its scaling law and alternative accelerators are sought after. Optical co-processors offer a high-degree of algorithmic homomorphism to implement general matrix-matrix multiplication operations via on-the-fly multiplication performed by electro-optic components, and accumulation operations performed by photodetectors. However, recent emerging photonic AI engines are cumbersome to program, follow overhead-heavy scaling laws, or rely on discretely-packaged photonic components, all reducing performance. Here we introduce a photonic tensor core processor featuring a complete chip-integrated multiply-accumulate engine on the photonic circuits, signal parallelism via wavelength division multiplexing, and tunable 5-bit electronic programmable weights, all integrated into a small-formfactor silicon photonics platform. This approach shows a high throughput-efficiency AI engine (0.21 TOPS/W). Using this stand-alone hybrid photonic-electronic machine learning accelerator, we demonstrate versatile applications including low-error image filtering and edge detection, augmented reality, and high-accuracy machine learning image classification tasks. This hybrid electronic-photonic tensor processor offers a versatile low-overhead and compact formfactor solution for extreme edge AI applications, but also can be utilized for in-cloud machine learning training tasks.
Computing Education Research in Social Media, News, Blogs, Patents And Blogs: Capturing The Impact And The Chatter with Altmetrics
Authors: Saqr Mohammed , López-Pernas Sonsoles , Apiola Mikko
Published: July 2022

Research impact goes beyond academia and exists in the multiplicity of digital platforms that we use to read, share, and discuss knowledge. Computing education research (CER) is no exception: it is created in academia and typical research institutions but is talked about widely on social media, blogs, and news websites. The aim of this study is to have a comprehensive analysis of how research in CER has been received, talked about in social media, discussed on blogs, and spread to the news and media. In addition to common analysis of trends of growth, we analyze trends of usage of social media and quantitative analysis of platforms, articles, and venues. The analysis also includes which articles in which subfields had a wide impact, and for whom (i.e, which platforms had more impact). The results show that Altmetrics adoption is weak, yet increasingly growing fast. Gender and diversity issues made it to popular news sites e.g., Scientific American, Los Angeles Times and Christian Science Monitor. While articles about ethics, programming education, introductory courses as well as computational thinking and inclusion have captured the attention of social media users. There was weak –or no correlation between article, author or topic impact and the traditional impact measures e.g., citation count.
Agro-food greenhouse gas emissions are increasingly driven by foreign demand
Authors: Pinero Pablo , Aguilera Eduardo , Travieso Emiliano , Infante-Amate Juan , Bruckner Martin , Gerber James , Lassaletta Luis , Mueller Nathaniel , Sanz-Cobena Alberto
Published: July 2022

Greenhouse gas emissions embodied in international trade have risen sharply over the last few decades because of the globalization of economies and countries’ productive specialization. We have built a model able to trace all agro-food emissions along global value chains for 1986–2013. The results show that while the domestic fraction of food emissions has slightly decreased, the foreign fraction has grown by 75%, accounting for 24% of all agro-food emissions today. A few supply chains concentrate most of this increase, with consumption of animal products explaining 70% of all embodied emissions in trade. It was also found that higher incomes resulted in higher percentages of foreign agro-food emissions, and that increasing the proportion of imports in these footprints can be associated with lower per capita emissions. Because trade increasingly redistributes agro-food emissions around the world, national mitigation efforts should be complemented with strong international and coordinated cooperation actions.
Genetic and clinical profiles in a large cohort of Chinese individuals with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1
Authors: Shao Ya-Ru , Dong Yi , Du Yi-Chu , Ma Yin , Wu Zhi-Ying
Published: July 2022

Background
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is the third most common type of spinocerebellar ataxia in China. However, data about Chinese SCA1 patients are limited. This study aims to provide a detailed description of the phenotype and genotype of Chinese SCA1 individuals and guide the clinical practice.
Methods
A total of 110 SCA1 individuals from 79 pedigrees and 123 unrelated normal controls were recruited. Sanger sequencing, SfaNI restriction and TA cloning were used for the determination of the CAG repeat size and the intrinsic structure. Clinical data including scale scores, magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography were collected.
Results
Interrupted pathogenic alleles occurred in 5.5% of the SCA1 individuals and caused later disease onset (p < 0.0001). The average age at onset (AAO) was 38.1 ± 10.1 years, inversely correlated with the expanded CAG repeats (expCAGs), best fitted with exponential models. The mean ± SD of the longest uninterrupted expCAG repeat number was 48.3 ± 4.6 and could explain 65.4% of the AAO variance, making an increasement of 28.0% compared to the total CAG repeats. Longer disease duration and larger expCAG size were associated with higher scale scores and smaller brainstem relative volumes.
Conclusions
This study described the genetic and clinical profiles of Chinese SCA1 individuals, revealed the impact of interruptions in expCAGs to AAO and made an inter-population comparison.