bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of power loss on the addition of new networks in Malang transmission system
Authors: Wiguna S , Aripriharta A , Fadlika I
Published: August 2020

Power loss problems in Malang transmission line system can occur due to high voltage drops in a long distance transmission lines and can be attributed to large loads resulting to high current flowing in the lines. Not only this setback can contribute to the decrease power transfer in the demand side, but it also can impair the conductor line over time owing to the excessive heats. To mitigate this problem, new networks or current distribution scheme are offered to reduce the excessive power loss and additionally to meet the load demands. This study aims to investigate and calculate the power losses in the transmission system before and after the networks are employed. The mathematical analysis of the power loss is presented in this paper and subsequently verified through simulation. The data used in this study are obtained from the State Electricity Utility (PLN) of Malang Raya. The results of this study indicate that before the addition of the network, Malang Transmission System experienced a significant power loss that is equal to 598.2 kW in six lines, including Bus 1 – LW at 125.5 kW, Bus 1 – PKS 164 kW, PKS – KA 1 kW, LW – KA 12.1 kW, KA – SKL 50 kW, and STM – KA 245.6 kW. After the addition of four new networks, the power loss is considerably reduced to 355.7 kW in 10 lines, including Bus 1 – LW 67.9 kW, Bus 1 – PKS 52.6 kW, PKS – KA 1.6 kW, LW – KA 0.3 kW, SKL – KA 0.1 kW, STM – KA 88.3 kW, LW – SKL 0.4 kW, PKS – LW 0.2 kW, STM – PKS 57.2 kW, and STM – SKL 87.1 kW.
Modelling of adaptive power management circuit with feedback for self-powered IoT
Authors: Aripriharta A , Firmansah A , Yazid M , Wahyono I D , Muladi  , Horng G J
Published: August 2020

In general, self-powered sensor networks/Internet of Things (IoT) are equipped with a power management system and use a timer as a reference for the device’s actives time, both using an internal timer and an external timer. The system is less efficient because it requires that there are parts that continue to function when the device is in sleep mode. In addition, the amount of harvested energy also influenced by many factors with an uncertain amount. An IoT self-powered system that uses a timer as an active interval reference will encounter problems when the amount of system energy demand is greater than the harvested energy. This paper presents an adaptive power management system equipped with feedback for self-powered IoT for room temperature and humidity monitoring applications. The power management system can provide adaptive active intervals based on the harvested energy capacity. Microcontrollers send feedback to the power management circuit at the end of each cycle. The power management circuit immediately disconnects the controller circuit from the energy storage’s component (supercapacitor) so that energy used efficiently. Several methods of minimizing the energy consumption of the device are also applied to provide optimal results. The research method begins with system modelling, including an energy harvester circuit, power management, and controller. The research scenarios include energy harvester performance tests, calculating the energy requirements of the power management and controller circuit, and validating research results. Overall, the system can work well, the active interval/data transmission of 14.41 seconds to 22.34 seconds in a room with a light intensity of 800 lux to 1000 lux.
Performance comparison maximum power point tracking methods using SEPIC converter
Authors: Hidayat A R , Yudaningtyas E , Siwindarto P
Published: August 2020

MPPT Algorithms such as Incremental Conductance (IC) are designed to maintain operation of Photovoltaic (PV) system at Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) while preventing oscillations steady state that contribute to power loss. IC work based on the power curve to voltage characteristic of PV. IC method works based on the power curve gradient to the characteristic voltage of the solar panel. The maximum working point of PV where worked at maximum power called a voltage at maximum power point (VMPP). Adding a PID controller to the MPPT IC can reduce the reading error at the reference voltage. Error reading on reference voltage will have an impact on the value of the power. If the reference voltage reading error can be reduced, the value power will be better. In this research, results of power generated by PV system used two different MPPT methods, Conventional MPPT IC and MPPT IC-PID. The results of the MPPT IC-PID can effectively improve the steady state accuracy and tracking accuracy.
Adaptive backstepping control for Buck DC/DC converter and DC motor
Authors: Ardhenta L , Subroto R K , Hasanah R N
Published: August 2020

DC converter is an important part of DC systems such as hybrid (PV and wind turbine) system. Buck DC/DC converter one of this converter is the main control in DC voltage regulator. The desired performance of this DC converter is following the reference voltage and having a fast response. The use of a DC motor as a load makes the control system has the aim to stabilize the DC bus voltage and DC motor speed. This paper designs controllers based on the principle of backstepping control to operate a DC converter and DC motor. A non-linear control Backstepping have many parameters that need to be determined in order to obtain the desired response. Modification to adaptive backstepping is promised to improve the response generated by conventional backstepping. Fuzzy logic, as an adaptive control, works very well and provides optimal values of backstepping parameters. This tuning process is expected that the controller performances have reliability, quick response, and robust system. The proposed controller is compared by PI controller and other adaptive backstepping controller. Simulation results show no overshoot such that the response given by the proposed controller is better than other controllers. The performance produced by the proposed controller has a simple design and a good response.
Computational simulation of dental implant material using hydroxyapatite from chicken eggshell
Authors: Puspitasari P , Zhorifah H F N , Permanasari A A , Gayatri R W , Pratama M M A , Putra A B N R
Published: August 2020

Teeth are vital parts of the oral cavity. They are easy to damage without proper treatment. A material that can be used to treat damage on a tooth is hydroxyapatite. HA can be used on the metal implant, prosthesis to replace bones and teeth, and to produce biocomposite. This research used Finite Element Method and ANSYS workbench 18.1 to simulate the force on dental implant. The material was designed to resemble a tooth shape then simulated as the implant material to repair the damaged tooth. Based on the simulation, hydroxyapatite could be used as the implant because it had the equivalent stress under 100 MPa, 97.417 MPa to be exact, with the total maximum deformation value of 0.0087 mm.
Fuzzy logic-based tuning of PID controller for zeta converter regulation
Authors: Subroto R K , Ardhenta L , Hasanah R N , Sasminto K
Published: August 2020

In renewable energy, the DC-DC converter plays important roles to convert the electric variables, such as voltage and current. Zeta converter is considered to be widely applied in various applications, includes: power factor correction, photovoltaic generation, and so on. However, the characteristics of the open loop response output voltage from the Zeta converter has quite high overshoot and long settling time. In addition, the input voltage and load variations will affect the Zeta converter’s voltage regulation. To encounter these issues, PID controller based on fuzzy logic tuning is implemented to regulate the output voltage of Zeta converter such that the output voltage can follow the desired voltage. According to simulation results the output voltage with fuzzy-PID controlled is able to track the desired reference voltage. Compared to PID controller, the output voltage controlled with fuzzy-PID controller has a smaller voltage deviation and recovery time. At a significant input voltage change the PID controller output response becomes unstable, while the fuzzy-PID controller still produces a good output response.
Eutrophication and restoration in temperate lakes
Authors: May L , Olszewska J , Gunn I D M , Meis S , Spears B M
Published: August 2020

Eutrophication affects many lakes and reservoirs worldwide. It is caused by excessive amounts of nutrients entering waterbodies from their catchments, mainly due to human activity. The main sources of these nutrients are discharges from industry and wastewater treatment systems, and agricultural runoff. The water quality problems caused by eutrophication, such as harmful algal blooms, affect the sustainable use of lakes for agriculture, fisheries, recreation, tourism and water supply. They also degrade habitat quality and threaten biodiversity. A range of methods for improving lake water quality are explored, including catchment management and in-lake restoration measures. The potential impacts of these on lake biodiversity are explored, including species interactions and ecosystem feedbacks that may confound the recovery process. A particular challenge is the fact that achieving sustainable recovery may take many years, mainly due to the impact of legacy pollution problems. This must be taken into account when planning and implementing eutrophication management options, because these slow recovery periods can exceed the timescales that people are willing to accept. While this review focuses on the many well documented studies of restoration and recovery processes in temperate lakes, it also highlights the need for similar research on tropical and sub-tropical systems.
Integrated multitrophic aquaculture in Maninjau Lake: converting eutrophic water into fish meal
Authors: Said D S S , Chrismadha T , Mayasari N , Badjoeri M
Published: August 2020

Maninjau lake has currently been under eutrophic condition and needs urgent efforts to recover it. Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) has proposed as one among those pointed measures, by using lake water to perform inland aquaculture activity, in which an aquatic plant was employed to carry out double functions, as water phytoremediator and source of natural feed for fish. This research was focused on the ability of the duckweeds to support growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), carried out in IMTA ponds located at Nagari Batang, Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra for 40 days (September-October 2018). IMTA systems have been implemented as an effort to utilize lake water for growth media. It consisted of 3 tilapia ponds of 4×6 m2and 12 duckweed ponds (8 ponds of 4×4 m2and 4 ponds of 4×8 m2). The lake water was lifted up into the fish ponds (265 fishes/pond) and then channeled down into the duckweeds ponds, so as the duckweeds grew while absorbing nutrients content of waste fertile water from the fish ponds. The obtained duckweed biomass was then fed up to the fish. The result showed that the fish average SGR was 0.54 (0.31-0.73)%, the survival rate was 95.26 (92.88-98.12)% and the average FCR was 21.03 (14.02-28.29). Proximatee analysis of the fish showed the protein content was 45.767 (42.17-50.99)% and lipid was 7.923 (4.42-11.79)%. The daily production of duckweed was 48.19 (35.00-72.92) g/m2/day; with SGR 17.57 (3.15-31.43) %, while the protein content of Lemna was 32.896 (29.58-36.22)% and lipid 9.732 (8.47-10.99)%. The duckweed was able to convert eutrophic water into useful biomass for fish feed and can be promoted to support development of inland aquaculture activity nearby the Maninjau Lake.
Macrozoobenthos diversity as a bioindicator for the pollution status of Citarik River, West Java
Authors: Herawati H , Patria E , Hamdani H , Rizal A
Published: August 2020

Citarik River is one of the sub-watersheds of the Citarum River, which flows through to three administrative regions, namely Bandung Regency, Garut Regency, and Sumedang Regency. Citarik River is used for irrigation to support ponds and rice fields, however many industrial wastes and domestic wastes were disposed into Citarik River therefore it causes river water pollution. Macrozoobenthos diversity is an index that can be used to determine the pollution status of the river. The study was conducted between March to April 2019 at four sampling stations for four sampling times. All sampling stations are located in Bandung Regency. Station 1,2,3,4 are located in Mt. Kareumbi, Cicalengka, Haurpugur, and Solokan Jeruk, respectively. The highest value of diversity index of macrozoobenthos was observed at station 1 with the value of 2.01, whereas the lowest was at station 4 with the value of 0.69. The dominant species at station 4 are Pomacea sp. and Filopaludina sp. Both species belong to the class of gastropods. Based on the diversity index of macrozoobenthos, the pollution status of Citarik River at station 1 was an unpolluted category, station 2 was medium polluted, station 3 and 4 have been polluted heavily.
Profiles of Vibrio and heterotrophic bacteria in the intensive Vanamae shrimp culture using bioremediation technique in Karawang
Authors: Widiyanto T , Rusmana I , Febrianti D , Shohihah H , Triana A , Mardiati Y
Published: August 2020

Vibrio sp. group is one of the parameters of the health level of a shrimp culture. The aim of this study is to learn the population of vibrio and heterotrophic bacteria in Vaname shrimps’ cultivation under the use of probiotic bacteria. The profile analysis of the Vibrio sp. and heterotrophic bacteria were done in the Vanname shrimp culture with implementation of selected bacteria as bioremediation agents in Balai Layanan Usaha Budidaya Perikanan, Karawang. The studies were conducted in 110 days using the culture density of 60 shrimps/m2. Three ponds of 2,500 m2 namely A5, A7 and B5 ponds were set up for the observation and sample-taking for nine times. The Vibrio sp. and heterotrophic bacteria were analyzed using a plate-count technique with Thiosulphate Citrate Bile-salt Sucrose (TCBS) agar and Sea-Water Complete (SWC) media respectively. The shrimp’s growth and survival rate, and the water quality parameters were also monitored periodically. The result showed that Vibrio sp. population were fluctuated. The population was between 1.4-29.0 x 102 CFU/mL. The result showed that Vibrio sp. population were fluctuated. The highest Vibrio population was 103 CFU/mL while the highest profile of heterotrophic bacteria around 105 CFU/mL in average. The shrimp weight in final day of culture showed positive increase with the average body weight of 22.34±0.68 g/indv, while the average daily growth rate was 0.31±0.01 % g/day and the average of survival rate in the final experiment was 58.42±1.50%. The water quality was fluctuated by increasing days of culture. The temperature of water during culture periode ranged between 26.46 ± 1.87°C to 26.97 ± 0.87°C, with the pH value ranged from 7.31 ± 0.36 to 7.59 ± 0.28 and the salinity ranged between 24.23 ± 43.87 to 24.61 ± 4.15 ppt.
The use of benthic macroinvertebrate community to evaluate the environment of Cirata Reservoir, in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Imroatushshoolikhah  , Larashati S , Ridwansyah I , Yulianti M
Published: August 2020

Macroinvertebrate community reflects the condition of a freshwater ecosystem. This study examined the community structure of macroinvertebrates and the water quality based on the existence of the Family in the Cirata reservoir. Moreover, to understand its response to several environmental variables. Cirata reservoir is a part of the cascade reservoir which has been known significantly loaded with organic material. The data of Environment variables, macroinvertebrates, and sediment samples were collected in November 2017 from five sites of the reservoir. The sites were chosen between floating net cages and the outlet, which the first site was the nearest and the fifth site was the farthest from the cages. Macroinvertebrates were collected and identified based on standard guidance. Ekman grab was used for collecting the sediment samples from the depth of 1.5 to 5 m with three times repetition in each site. The environmental variables including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, total dissolved solid, oxidation-reduction potential, and conductivity were recorded on the spot using Water Quality Checker. Meanwhile, Total Organic Matter (TOM) of sediment were analysed in Research Center for Limnology LIPI. The relationship between environmental variables and macroinvertebrate were evaluated using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Eighteen taxa comprising four orders were identified. The community is grouped into four categories, Chironomids (81.65%), Non-Chironomids (Culliculidae, Odonata) (1.01%), Gastropods (4.13%), and Annelids (13.21%). The finding shows that polluted-tolerant groups are dominantly found in Cirata which consists of Chironomids and Annelids. Moreover, the diversity of macroinvertebrate was ranged moderate to low between 1.75 to 3.282. While the abundance ranged between 600 to 1889 ind/m2 in each site. However, the ordination of CCA described that TOM tended to be related to the existence of the non-Chironomids group, On the contrary, other parameters such as pH, DO, and temperature influenced the presence of the Chironomids, Annelids (worm), and Gastropods.
Phytoplankton distribution in Ranggeh River and its relationship with physicochemical parameters
Authors: Sulawesty F , Yustiawati  , Syawal M S
Published: August 2020

Ranggeh River, located in Nagari Batang River - Agam Regency, is one of the natural habitats for native fishes of Lake Maninjau. Phytoplankton is a microorganism that has an important role in the aquatic ecosystem, as a primary producer in the food chain and to provide a food source for the higher organisms such as zooplankton and fish. The existence of phytoplankton in the river is influenced by physical and chemical factors. This study was aimed to reveal the correlation of the phytoplankton abundance and physicochemical parameters in Ranggeh River. The observations were conducted in February, March, and April 2019 at the upstream (SR 1, SR 2 and SR 3) and the downstream areas (SR 4 and SR 5) of Ranggeh River. The parameters observed were phytoplankton abundance and some water quality parameters. The phytoplankton community structure was analyzed by the ecological index. The highest and lowest abundance of phytoplankton was found in SR 4 and SR 1, respectively. Bacillaryophyta has been recorded as the most dominant group (98.30% to the total phytoplankton population), followed by Chlorophyta (1.40%), Cyanophyta (0.27%), and Euglenophyta (0.04%). Based on the ecological index, the phytoplankton communities at SR2, SR 3, SR 4 and SR 5 are unstable, and there is a species that dominates namely the Navicula elegans, Navicula pupula and Synedra ulna from the Bacillaryophyta group. According to values of phytoplankton abundance, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and diversity index, Ranggeh River was mesotrophic water.
Spatio-temporal distribution of chlorine in the upper Tondano Watershed North Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Wantasen S , Luntungan J N , Tarore A E
Published: August 2020

Water resources are one of the natural resources that are vital both for the life of organisms on the earth as well as for daily human needs in various sectors of life. Due to limited resources, water management becomes essential. A study in the spatial-temporal of chlorine on the Tondano watershed is important because domestic agricultural waste has the potential to cause residues and affect water quality degradation. This study aims to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of chlorine in the upper Tondano watershed throughout seven years (2013-2019). Water sampling was carried out using the composite sampling method on the river and irrigation channel outlets. Chlorine concentration was measured by UV-VIS Spectrophotometry method, and other water quality parameters such as pH and temperature were measured in the field. The chlorine concentration fluctuated for each month during 2013 – 2019 (0.02 mg/L to 0.59 mg/L, Quality Standard PP 82/2001 chlorine 0.03 mg/L). The highest values were in March, September, and November. The trend showed that chlorine levels were above the quality standard in March and November. The high concentration of chlorine in the Panasen River water bodies is partly due to the application of KCI fertilizers and, pesticides in rice fields and horticultural lands, as well as domestic waste.
Modeling the influence of floating net aquaculture and nutrient loads from catchment on the trophic status of a tropical volcanic lake
Authors: Rustini H A , Harsono E , Ridwansyah I
Published: August 2020

Lake Maninjau in West Sumatra Province of Indonesia is a 10,779 Ha tropical volcanic lake with 12,951 Ha of the catchment area. Having been used as a power plant, tourism, catch fishery, and floating net aquaculture, the lake was said to have become eutrophic since almost two decades ago. Maninjau is one of National Priority Lakes in Indonesia which means that it needs to be revitalized. Many studies mentioned aquaculture and land use change in the catchment as the driver of eutrophication. However, none of these studies could pinpoint which of the two factors give a greater impact on the lake’s eutrophication process. This could lead to an error in determining priorities in revitalization measures. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of aquaculture and catchment load on Lake Maninjau eutrophication by using a combination of catchment and lake model which consists of SWAT model, 2-dimensional multilayers hydrodynamics and water quality model. Results showed that floating net aquaculture generally gives major impact (>97%) on eutrophication not only in the lakeshore area but also in the entire water body. Catchment area gives minor impact and only observed in a relatively shallow area. The results suggest that the important part and higher priority of restoration strategy should be reducing the nutrient load from floating net aquaculture.
Fisheries resources status of Selabung River during pre construction of Komering 2 Dam, Tigadihadji, South Sumatra
Authors: Marini M , Husnah  , Vipen  , Purwoko R M , Prianto E
Published: August 2020

In the period of 2015-2019, 45 dam will be constructed in Indonesia. One of them is a cascade Komering 2 dam constructed in Selabung river, a tributary of Komering river, located in Tiga Dihadji District, South Sumatra. The present Perjaya irrigation dam which was built in 1991 in the down stream of Komering 2 reservoir experienced sedimentation and habitat loss of floodplain fisheries resource. Construction of Komering 2 dam could give negative effects to aquatic and fisheries resource of Selabung and Komering river. The information on the present state of fisheries resources in Selabung prior to the dam construction is important so that the impact of dam construction could be determined. A study in order to get information on the current state of fisheries resource in Komering 2 dam was conducted at three sampling sites in February and September 2018. Parameters observed were habitat characteristics and fish resources. The data was collected through field sampling and structured interview with the fishermen. Results of this study revealed that at the up stream, the riparian area is undisturbed covered by dense conservation forest while at the down stream inhabited by 300 families and 10 % of them are fishermen. Riparian area was covered by agriculture comodity. River bed was covered by peeble stone with most of water quality parameters still fulfil water quality standard of Indonesian regulation. Twenty three (23) fish species were recorded and six of them were dominant. Degradation of fish resources is noticed indicated by loss of 4 fish species, decreasing catch of 5 fish species, two introduced fish species and decreasing individual size of economical fish such as mahseer.
The quality of the shrimp head meal fermented using Bacillus sp. PAS7 isolates at different dosages of inoculum as fish feedstuff
Authors: Mulyasari  , Samsudin R , Makatutu D
Published: August 2020

Shrimp head is a feedstuff that potential to be developed as an alternative source of protein to substitute fish meal. It is because the shrimp head contains a high protein and its availability in Indonesia is quite abundant. However, this protein can not be utilized by fish because it contains high crude fiber (chitin) and ash which is difficult to digest. This study aimed to improve the quality of shrimp head meal by fermentation using Bacillus sp PAS7 at different inoculum doses and evaluate its nutrient content. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) of four treatments and three replications. The treatment was carried out by varying concentrations of 0, 3, 5 and 7% per gram (weight) of shrimp head meal (v / w). Fermentation was done for three days at 28°C. The parameters measured were reducing sugar, soluble protein and proximate analysis (crude protein, crude fiber, ash and crude fat). The results showed that all dosage treatments had crude protein, soluble protein and crude fiber, which were better than control. Where dose of 7% had the highest soluble protein content (6.25 mg mL−1) and the lowest crude fiber content (15.02%) compared to other treatments.
Survival rate and growth rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos, Forsskal 1775 ) seeds in the acclimatization process at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir
Authors: Astuti L P , Warsa A
Published: August 2020

Milkfish is one of the important economical fish species that usually lives and cultivated in estuarine areas. However, milkfish can adapt to habitat with salinity ranging from 0 - 40 ppt. Therefore, milkfish is a potential choice of introduced fish in freshwaters. This study aims to determine the survival rate and growth rate of milkfish seed in the waters of Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir. H. Djuanda. The study was conducted experimentally in November – December 2017, every week for five weeks in floating net cages with a size of 7 x 3 m and depth 0.75 m at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir with three treatments of densities that are 4,000; 6,000 and 10,000 seeds. The size of milkfish seeds used was 3-5 cm because it was able to adapt in freshwaters. The milkfish was cultivated by the extensive system without a commercial feed so they only use natural food. The results showed that the number of dead milkfish increased with increasing density and the highest mortality occurred on the day 7th in 10,000 density treatment. The milkfish seed mortality began to decrease on the day 9th of the trial and the deaths did not occur again on the day 19th-21st. The highest survival rate was 79.21% for 6,000 densities. The highest length growth rate was 0.93 mm/day for 6,000 densities. The smallest estimated investment was 10,000 densities, but it has the largest losses due to seed death. Because the condition was dense, there was competition for food, oxygen, and space. Therefore, seed acclimation is carried out in stages.
Management strategy for sustainable eel farming
Authors: Hadie L E , Kusnendar E
Published: August 2020

The types of eel being farmed by the community are Anguilla bicolor and A. marmorata. A. bicolor eel farming has been developed in several areas in Java, such as Sukabumi, Cilacap, Kebumen and Banyuwangi Districts. The important issues of developing eel farming are high feed costs and water quality which is less favourable to the growth of eel. Therefore, it is necessary to have an economical but effective technology benefitting the eel farmers. The study was conducted through surveys in Cilacap from April - December 2018 and by using primary and secondary data. The respondents were selected using purposive sampling method. The method used was the combination of descriptive research and direct survey. The collected data were analyzed by applying an exponential comparison method. The results of the study showed that the eel feed combined with probiotics produced positive results favouring eel production. The subsidy program to provide probiotics and economical but effective eel feed should be proposed by the local Fisheries Agency in order to reduce the costs of eel production.
List of aquatic plants at several priority lakes for conservation in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan R , Paramita I G A A P
Published: August 2020

According to the national conference of Indonesian Lakes II in Bali in 2009 concerning sustainable lake management, 15 lakes regarded as Indonesia’s priority lakes for conservation in 2010-2014. The ability to control invasive aquatic plants in the ecosystem is the important factor to support ecosystem sustainability. Ecologically, the aquatic plants provide shelters and spawning sites for the fish, purification system, water current stabilizing system, erosion, and turbidity controller. This research aimed to study the diversity of aquatic plants in some of the Indonesian priority lakes, that are Lake Sentarum (West Kalimantan), Rawa Pening (Central Java), Tondano (North Sulawesi), Tempe (South Sulawesi), and Sentani (Papua). The observations were conducted from 2012-2014. As a result, there were 34 identified species categorized within 18 families. The recorded families were Pontederiaceae, Polygonaceae, Convolvulaceae, Onagraceae, Araceae, Lentibulariaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Plantaginaceae, Alismataceae, Salviniaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Leguminosae, Menyanthaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Pandanaceae, and Equisetaceae. Based on its life form, founded 7 species of submerged plants, 18 species of emergent plants, 3 species of free-floating plants, and 6 species of rooted with floating leaves plants. Among the listed species, 27 species were recognized as natives, while 7 species were identified as introduced species (South America, America, Asia, and India).
Forecasting the Number of Passengers from Bakauheni Port during the Sunda Strait Tsunami Period Using Intervention Analysis Approach and Outlier Detection
Authors: Mahkya Dani Al , Anggraini Dian
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to model and predict the number of ferry passengers from the Bakauheni port during the Sunda Strait Tsunami period. The Bakauheni-Merak crossing route is one of the sea crossing nodes serving crossings from Sumatra to Java and vice versa. The cruise line with a route length of 27.75 km serves both passenger and vehicle crossings. This route is the main route of logistics distribution from Java to Sumatra and vice versa. The tsunami that happened in the Sunda Strait on 22 December 2018 indirectly impacted the Sunda Strait sea crossing node especially the Bakauheni-Merak route. Methods that can be used to analyze the external impact of an event that causes changes in data patterns are Intervention Analysis and Outlier Detection. Both approaches are a type of Time Series method based on time series data. Therefore, this method can be used to model and predict the number of ferry passengers from the Bakauheni port during the Sunda Strait Tsunami period. If observed visually based on time series data patterns, the number of passengers from the port of Bakauheni has decreased for 2 days after the Tsunami. However, the number of passengers increased again on the Christmas holiday on December 25, 2018 or 3 days after the Tsunami. The tsunami that happened close to the Christmas holidays 2018 gave the results of initial identification, namely the existence of other events that caused changes in the pattern of passenger data. The event was a Christmas holiday on December 25, 2018. This research is expected to be able to capture and analyse phenomena that happen in a series of data during the Sunda Strait Tsunami period.
Façade Components Optimization of Naturally Ventilated Building in Tropical Climates through Generative Processes. Case study: Sumatera Institute of Technology (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Khidmat Rendy Perdana , Ulum M Shoful , Lestari A Dwi Eva
Published: August 2020

Global warming and climate change have led to the world energy crisis. While it also leads to the crisis of energy consumption, the main reason is still debatable among the researchers. However, the released of carbon emission in construction field is generally believed has triggered the phenomena and become the primary cause of global warming. It is proven that the building sector contributes to the biggest causes of overheating in the environment. Based on previous research, residential and commercial has reached 20% to 40% of the total energy consumption and this growing trend is still happening. Moreover, the electricity consumption in the building and construction process is the main reason for the growth of carbon emission. Therefore, the stakeholder particularly architects and designer should take an early initiative to overcome the problems. One of the approaches is to predict building performance through simulation in the initial design phase. In line with this, rapid technology development has brought to an alarming situation concerning energy consumption. Passive design is considered as one of the strategies to moderate indoor temperature in a tropical climate. Some studies suggest that the use of natural ventilation is potentially reducing operating costs and produce better thermal and indoor air quality. This study will investigate the optimization process of daylight performace condition that driven by façade components such as balcony size, orientation, openings, layout and louver windows using generative and parametric tools through multi-objectives optimization and generative simulation. The methodology used in this research is generative simulation in parametric platform named Grasshopper sith plugin software ladybug + honey bee. From the simulation it is resulted that Preferred individuals have an illuminance value of 211 test points. The properties owned by these individuals are cantilevered as a canopy at the height of 3 meters, a cantilever or canopy length of 2 meters, the building’s orientation angle to the south is 21 °, and has 32% opening of the total façade surface.
Lindu Software: A Free Seismological Data Processing Software For Traveltime Tomography Using Python Framework
Authors: Styawan Yudha , Firdaus Ruhul , Yudistira Tedi , Suhendi Cahli
Published: August 2020

Earthquake data can be used to infer some physical properties for representing the subsurface condition. The 3-Dimensional (3D) seismic velocity structure as a kind of these important properties contains the information of variation in lithology change and fluid saturation. The most common method for inverting from the travel time of seismic event into 3D seismic velocity structure is travel time tomography which is based on the relation between velocity and travel time of P- and S-wave. Based on this concept, we develop a module of Lindu software to infer this seismic velocity structure from travel time data. This module is a part of seismological data processing sequences that have been integrated into Lindu software. The Lindu software uses Python framework, a kind of high-level programming languages. The pseudo-bending raytracing method is employed to calculate the travel time between the event sources and stations and also to build the kernel matrix. The resolution test that relates density of rays and resulted tomogram uses the synthetic Checkerboard Resolution Test (CRT) by using Damped-Least Squares (DLS) method for the inversion. For validating this module, it has been tested by using both synthetic and real data.
Alteration of Bugis Traditional Architecture in Coastal Area in Cungkeng Village, Bandar Lampung
Authors: Dwi A , Lestari Eva , Tamariska Stirena Rossy , Nungky Septania Elisabet , Perdana Khidmat Rendy
Published: August 2020

Cungkeng is a coastal village located in Bandar Lampung. In this area, there are traditional forms of Bugis’ houses arising from the presence of migrants of Bugis people who came from the Bugis tribe in South and Southeast Sulawesi, then forming a new environmental image that is the pattern of the form of the house far from where it came from, but is attached and is closely related to the personality of the Bugis people. Acculturation of Bugis’ houses in the middle of Bandar Lampung city is highly possible and become an interesting research topic, how the Bugis community in Cungkeng village retains its original traditional architectural forms and anticipates different characters from the house forms that still characterize the Bugis architecture. It can be observed from the comparison between the original Bugis’ house form and the existing Bugis’ house in the Cungkeng village settlement. The data processing was done based on qualitative method, through this method found the influence of heterogeneous culture in Bandar Lampung. Even though it is in the form of a house, it still maintains the authenticity of the Bugis’ house in accordance with the standards set by the original Bugis tribe.
The Combination of YAKE and Language Processing for Unsupervised Term Extraction Ontology Learning
Authors: Yunmar Rajif Agung , Setiawan Andika , Tantriawan Hartanto
Published: August 2020

Information that is spread on the internet is available in the form of unstructured texts that can only be understood by humans, but difficult for machines to understand. Ontology learning is a method that can transform information in unstructured forms, into information that can be understood by machines, namely ontology. In ontology learning, the extraction term is one of the stages that must be passed. This stage produces important terms related to a topic before finally being grouped in certain classes. In this study, the term extraction method used is YAKE. The contribution of this research is to investigate the effects of language processing such as stemming and stopword removal when combined with the YAKE method at the term extraction stage. The language processing technique is then applied to the corpus of the test, after that it is as the input to the YAKE term extraction. Testing is conducted with several scenarios, namely: plain YAKE, stemming+YAKE, stopword removal+YAKE, or a combination three of them. These extraction scenario are evaluated by expert for measure the term correctness. The research shows that the combination of stopword removal+YAKE provide the best accuracy of 48%.
The potential application of UV-visible spectroscopy and chemometrics for discrimination of Lampung robusta coffee with different fermentations
Authors: Yulia M , Suhandy D
Published: August 2020

Coffee is one of the important agricultural products in Indonesia. In this present work, we evaluate the potential application of UV-visible spectroscopy and principal component analysis (PCA) to discriminate Lampung robusta coffee with different fermentation. Total of 300 samples was used with three fermentation conditions: 100 samples belong to F0 or ORI (no fermentation), 100 samples belong to F2 (fermented 2 days using special microbial fermentation), and 100 samples belong to F4 (fermented 4 days using special microbial fermentation). A hot distilled water was used to extract the coffee samples. The extraction procedure including dilution was performed based on several previous reported studies. The spectral data acquisition was done by using a UV-visible spectrometer in the range of 190-1100 nm (full-spectrum) with 1 nm of interval. The result showed that using an unsupervised classification of principal component analysis (PCA) using modified spectral data of standard normal variate (SNV) and moving average, the samples can be well clustered into three different groups of fermentation. Our results highlight the potential of UV-visible spectroscopy combined with chemometrics as a green and relatively fast analytical method to discriminate Lampung robusta coffee based on fermentation.
Proximate Analysis Of Maggot Flour Fermentation Results Using Aspergillus niger and Trichodema viride
Authors: Bokau Rietje J M , Indariyanti Nur , Rakhmawati
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional properties of maggot flour fermented microbiologically using Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride fungi at different dosage, especially on increasing protein, decreasing fat and fiber. The maggot used is derived from culture in a mass on the oil palm cake media for 7-10 days, the maggot harvest is dried and then ground and sieved. As a fermentor material, A. niger is inoculated on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) media added with yeast extract 0.3% with a sloping agar method, for propagation using rice as a medium, while for T.viride using PCA (Plate Count Agar) media. Then taken as much as 15% and 20% for the fermentation process of maggot flour. Based on the results of proximate analysis, produced 43.27% crude protein, crude fat to 6.66% and crude fiber 14.11% in A.niger fungi, while T. viride results in protein content of 39.19%, the reduction in fat content is relatively small at 24.21%, the value of fiber content becomes lower that is 11.75. The highest percentage reduction in fat content in A. niger, and crude fiber in T.viride. The difference in dosage does not affect the results of proximate analysis of both A.niger and T.viride.
Coexistance of form and structure in contemporary architecture
Authors: Hameed El-Eqapy Ahmed Hashim , Kassid Al-Zaidy Marwa Mohamed
Published: August 2020

The reality of contemporary architecture refers that the architectural form may not always reflect the structure of the structure. There are two different models in the relationship between the form and the structure: one contradicts the form with the structure while they work separately, and the other in which the form stems from the structure, overlaps and is compatible with it. Developments in structural engineering have profoundly influenced architecture, where the use of new structural materials and new structural systems to define the formal characteristics of contemporary architecture, the emergence of digital programming and parametric design enabled a return to historical tectonic symbols and self-modulation in the natural structures and materials science and analysis to create a contemporary architectural structures. From here came the desire to explore the nature of this coexistance relationship. The main objective of this study was to clarify the relationship of form with the structure by giving a clear vision about one of the types of form correlation with the structure, which is the relationship of coexistance in which the form stems from the structure that the structure reads the form and be the source of its creation. The problem of research is the lack of clarity of the formal and structural harmonic relationship and the ways for achieving this harmony in contemporary architectural products. The main elements are derived from the concepts related to research and analysis of the set of architectural applications that achieved the case of coexistance and the practical application, and then come up with the results and conclusions that related to the case of formal-structural harmony in contemporary architecture which is achieved through a combination of intellectual, symbolic and material factors with digital techniques.
Functional transparency in digital architecture
Authors: Al-Majidi Basim Hasan , Majeed Sara Raed
Published: August 2020

Digital architecture plays an important role within the relationship of form to function or in terms of thought and philosophy where it was able to participate in presenting a new knowledge structure for the limits that the designer formulates in the architectural space, with providing modern technology updates such as smart materials and transparent materials. The transparent materials and transparency became important parts of the formal and functional application, providing new solutions for architectural construction and a feature of contemporary production. Many previous studies and research focused on the role of transparency in formal design but neglected its reflection on the transparency of the function itself, as well as its functional importance to digital architecture and this is the main research problem, the research was divided into two main axes: building a cognitive base by reviewing previous studies that dealt with the concept of transparency in order to extract the theoretical framework indicators, applying them, and choosing the research hypothesis by studying a group of global buildings using modern techniques in the functional solutions, leading to a set of conclusions and recommendations that could make it clear that seek a number of designs that affected the creativity of transparent architectural components by imparting a new concept of transparency, as it repreented a model for the borders that the human drew in the place and the human relationship with those boundaries, the transparency stands out as one of the challenges that has imposed itself on the entire architectural scene by achieving flexibility and responsiveness with the support of humanitarian activities to meet the career program and achieving flexibility through the use of space for multiple functions by manipulating spaces using transparent space to create creative and dynamic borders and thresholds.
Impact of Façade Material of Mass Housing on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Hot-arid Climate
Authors: Abrahem Samah A. , Hassan Susan Abed , Khamees Wurood Adeeb
Published: August 2020

Recent decades witnessed global climate change that effect negatively in all the cities of the world. Many researchers studied the effect of this phenomenon on thermal comfort for cities and buildings in its different sides. But the study of residential projects building’s façade materials effects on thermal comfort in Iraq Hot-aired climate didn’t examined statically. This article comparatively analyzed the impact of five types of the most commonly used materials for building facades for residential projects in Baghdad on outdoor thermal comfort. These materials included, burnt clay bricks, thermo-stone, hollow concrete blocks, glazed panels, and granite panels. The methodological approach relied on ENVI-met software to analyze five factors associated with thermal comfort, temperature, mean radiant temperature, wind speed, specific humidity, and predicted mean vote. The results indicated that façade material of high-rise building had a significant impact on thermal comfort, whilst in the case of low-rise buildings, the impact was minor.