bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wegener-granulomatosis talaján kialakult krónikus gennyes középfülgyulladás komplex kezelése
Authors: Tóth István , Kaszás Bálint , Horváth Gábor , Piski Zalán , Bakó Péter , Lujber László , Gerlinger Imre , Révész Péter
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Wegener’s granulomatosis – or, in other words, granulomatosis with polyangiitis – is an anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated granuloma forming vasculitis, mainly affecting the respiratory tract and the renal system. Otologic manifestations of Wegener’s disease can be otitis media with effusion or chronic silent mastoiditis with conductive hearing loss, but sensorineural hearing loss can also evolve. The diagnosis is based on the clinical appearance as well as the immunoserological and histopathological results. It is of paramount importance to begin a combined immunosuppressive treatment immediately, besides eradicating the otologic manifestations. The intractable cases of chronic otitis media due to Wegener’s granulomatosis are challenging any ear surgeons. Subtotal petrosectomy has proved to be an effective solution in such cases to create a dry ear and to provide a safe surgical field for hearing restoration. The authors reviewed the literature and report a case history to present the modern management of Wegener’s granulomatosis with otologic manifestation. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(4): 151–157.
A diabetes mellitus és a hypertonia lehetséges hatása a Ménière-betegségben szenvedők életminőségére
Authors: Molnár András , Stefani Maihoub , Tamás László , Szirmai Ágnes
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Ménière’s disease is a disorder of the inner ear, characterized by episodic rotational vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, aural pressure and vegetative symptoms. Since the improvement of these symptoms exerts an influence on the patients’ quality of life and the condition seems to be incurable, the symptomatic treatment suggests an important question. Aim: Our study’s aim is to evaluate how hypertension and diabetes exert influence on the patients’ quality of life and how effective conservative pharmacologic treatment is. According to our assumption, both comorbidities have a significant influence on the symptoms and the therapy. Material and method: Complete hospital documentation of 105 (31 men and 74 women, mean ± SD age, 57.4 ± 11.05) patients with definite Ménière’s disease was analysed. The performance of the statistical analysis was completed by using IBM’s SPSS V24 software. Results: The appearance of comorbid patients was more frequent than that of not comorbid patients. The influence of hypertension was supported by the tendency of the vertigo attacks, the higher doses of betahistine, and the larger need for the course of infusions. In the case of hearing loss, the negative effects of diabetes were confirmed by the more frequent appearance of the higher stages of hearing loss and the incidence of the hearing loss’ damage, whereas in the relationship between the hearing loss and hypertension by the negative reply to the conservative therapy. Conclusion: The comorbidities have considerable effect on the condition of MD patients, so internal medical control is essential because of the control of the quality of life. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(4): 144–150.
A számítógépes mélytanulási technológia várható megjelenése a hazai mammográfiában
Authors: Ribli Dezső , Zsuppán Richárd , Pollner Péter , Horváth Anna , Bánsághi Zoltán , Csabai István , Bérczi Viktor , Unger Zsuzsa
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: The technology, named ‘deep learning’ is the promising result of the last two decades of development in computer science. It poses an unavoidable challenge for medicine, how to understand, apply and adopt the – today not fully explored – possibilities that have become available by these new methods. Method: It is a gift and a mission, since the exponentially growing volume of raw data (from imaging, laboratory, therapy diagnostics or therapy interactions, etc.) did not solve until now our wished and aimed goal to treat patients according to their personal status and setting or specific to their tumor and disease. Results: Currently, as a responsible health care provider and financier, we face the problem of supporting suboptimal procedures and protocols either at individual or at community level. The problem roots in the overwhelming amount of data and, at the same time, the lack of targeted information for treatment. We expect from the deep learning technology an aid which helps to reinforce and extend the human–human cooperations in patient–doctor visits. We expect that computers take over the tedious work allowing to revive the core of healing medicine: the insightful meeting and discussion between patients and medical experts. Conclusion: We should learn the revelational possibilities of deep learning techniques that can help to overcome our recognized finite capacities in data processing and integration. If we, doctors and health care providers or decision makers, are able to abandon our fears and prejudices, then we can utilize this new tool not only in imaging diagnostics but also for daily therapies (e.g., immune therapy). The paper aims to make a great mind to do this. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(4): 138–143.
Nagy adatbázisok neurológiai kórképekben: nemzetközi áttekintés a sclerosis multiplex példáján
Authors: Iljicsov Anna , Simó Magdolna , Tegze Nárcisz , Szócska Miklós , Mátyus Péter , Bereczki Dániel
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Vast amounts of data are created during routine patient care which are stored in unstructured digital and hardcopy formats in healthcare institutions. Analysis of large databases help to define the healthcare needs of the population and to organize healthcare services for specific diseases. As a model, we selected multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease with well-defined diagnostic criteria, a usually inpatient initial diagnosis, and a need for regular outpatient check-up. Using multiple sclerosis as an example, we set forth to screen and analyze international and Hungarian databases. In the framework of the initiation of the data lake system of Semmelweis University, we aim to define features of the data system needed for disease-specific databases for future applications. To determine essential data-entry criteria for such a database, we review the most important multiple sclerosis registries. We evaluate the type of registered data, structure of database, privacy issues, the availability and ways of application of the databases. Initially, the MS databases were created locally, aiming for better care of patients. As a further step, data were collected for scientific research by national and international co-operations. Disease-specific databases have become of high priority for national healthcare providers, and long-term information on a population (“real-world” data) is extremely important to assess the effectivity and safety of a treatment at the population level. Our analysis contributes to a project which focuses on the aspects of developing a data lake at a service provider level including clinical, diagnostic and digital healthcare departments of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(4): 123–130.
Sclerosis multiplex a közép-magyarországi régióban: a helyi adatbázisfejlesztés tapasztalatai és jövőbeli lehetőségei
Authors: Iljicsov Anna , Simó Magdolna , Tegze Nárcisz , Szócska Miklós , Mátyus Péter , Bereczki Dániel
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Data during routine patient care are created in multiple digital and paper-based hardcopy systems, therefore their retrieval is cumbersome in the follow-up of patients. Multiple sclerosis is the most prevalent neurological disorder in the young age, with major consequences on health and socio-economic status. Aim: We set forth to create a user-friendly, detailed local database where it is easy to access, register and analyze data. Based on our experiences during building this registry, we develop the model of a modern type of database. Method: First we established a local registry in Excel, then data were transferred to the worldwide used iMed system. Separate pages were used to register basic data, follow-up visits, relapses, accompanying diseases, results of neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid, evoked response and other tests, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Results: The database currently contains data of 316 patients. MRI was performed in 96%, cerebrospinal fluid examination in 45% of the patients. The rate of primary progressive disease at disease onset is 9%. Disease modifying treatments were applied in 82% of the patients. Conclusion: The traditional manual data entry and data export in PDF format is obsolete and time-consuming. The development of local disease-specific databases appropriate for clinical and research purposes requires continuous and mostly automatic data entry. In future local registries the establishment of uniform documentational language and structure, and automatic transfer of information among different digital systems are required. We present the model of such a registry, which is based on a healthcare data lake. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(4): 131–137.
Life Tasks
Authors: Stevens Bruce
Published: January 2019

This article considers the quality of “self-awareness” and how it might be integrated into spiritual care. A unique “life task” model is proposed which includes discovery, testing and integration. A number of experiential exercises are suggested to facilitate the various life tasks. The article draws upon qualitative research to give an example of a person who has made progress on the life tasks and notes theologian Sarah Coakley as an example of a public figure who has engaged in the three life tasks.
Personal Perspective of the Mosaic of Living with Dementia
Authors: Bryden Christine
Published: January 2019

This article is based on a keynote presentation given to the national Spiritual Care Australia Conference in 2017, which had the theme “Engaging a Mosaic of Care”. As a person diagnosed with dementia, it gives a viewpoint from within the confusing mosaic of living with dementia, in which a sense of spirituality at the core of our being can prompt a search for ultimate meaning in life, through relationships with God and with others. This article is a Christian theological reflection, from the unique perspective of the lived experience. Spirituality does not need cognition or language, and the person can be ministered to with sensitivity. Each person with dementia is a unique individual with hopes, dreams and emotions, even if these cannot be expressed, and has been on a journey from diagnosis towards an increasingly confusing mosaic of sights, sounds and feelings. Chaplains can be our faithful companions on this journey of decline and despair.
What Is the Impact of Chaplaincy in Primary Care?
Authors: Snowden Austyn , Gibbon Alan , Grant Rebecca
Published: January 2019

People often attend primary care with sub-clinical or non-medical issues such as bereavement, distress, or loneliness. Often what is needed is someone to listen, but GP appointments are inappropriate for this. Community Chaplaincy Listening (CCL) is a listening service delivered by chaplains in Scotland, developed to help people in primary care with problems like these. Evaluations have shown that recipients of CCL feel more peaceful, less anxious and have a better outlook on life as a consequence. However, the impact from a referring GP perspective is not yet known. This perspective is essential for all stakeholders, but particularly future service commissioners.
Opportunities of Spiritual Support for Hospital Staff in Estonian Health Care Institutions
Authors: Meel Liidia , Linnuste Indrek
Published: January 2019

The current article aims to give an initial qualitative insight into the opportunities to offer spiritual support for hospital staff in Estonian health care institutions. The article addresses the section of pastoral care and the questions about spirituality and spiritual support in a wider survey conducted during 2015-2016 in 19 Estonian hospitals. The results indicated the medical staff's need for information concerning the spiritual and existential questions; the lack of time, work overload and feeling of psychological discomfort were brought out as hindering the discussions about spiritual/religious or existential topics with the patients. The need to deal with the staff members' feelings emerged together with the patient deaths and mentioned also together with the perceived rigidness of the health care system.
Comparison between Reactive and Proactive Chaplaincy Approaches
Authors: Jones Gordon
Published: January 2019

Healthcare chaplains are expected to be competent to address diverse spiritual needs in today’s multicultural society by being compassionate, sensitive, accessible and available. What should availability and accessibility look like? This paper examines the practices of two different chaplaincy teams within the same health board, notes differences in philosophy and practical approach, comments on relative strengths and weaknesses and offers reflective conclusions. It interacts with contemporary literature and the results of original research conducted through interviews. This paper finds that healthcare organisations need to have a full and frank description of its expectations of chaplains to promote uniformity of service provision, equality of workload, and to better enable health board management to grasp the level of resourcing required. It also identifies competing concepts of patient-centred versus person-centred care, and that local expectations of the chaplain’s role can significantly clash with the chaplain’s own sense of identity.
Auditing a Paediatric Chaplaincy Provision
Authors: Nash Paul , Roberts Emma , Nash Sally , Darby Kathryn , Parwaz Aftab
Published: January 2019

Birmingham Children’s Hospital, with permission from Advocate Health Care in Chicago, adapted a taxonomy of chaplaincy activities for a paediatric context. Twelve members of the Chaplaincy team, representing three world faiths, recorded their activities on 80 taxonomy charts and an audit questionnaire. The audit addressed issues outside of the taxonomy chart, including how spiritual needs were assessed, and asked for reflections on the use of the taxonomy. A thematic analysis was carried out on the audit responses by a team of four, including experienced chaplains and researchers. Themes identified for intended effects (why chaplains do what they do) were: initiate/build supportive relationships, engage to assist sense of belonging, mitigate/process feelings, enhance assets; for method (how chaplains do what they do): demonstrate/offer care, empower/enable, explore and process, engender and encourage strengths and emotions, family/community; and for intervention (what chaplains do): religious care, sense/ meaning making, processing, enhance spiritual wellbeing. The audit heightened intentionality and facilitated recording and explaining what chaplains do to multidisciplinary staff. It also helped the team better understand how they work through purposeful articulation of encounters.
Marian Carter, 'Helping Children and Adolescents Think about Death, Dying and Bereavement'
Authors: Watson Katie
Published: January 2019

Marian Carter, Helping Children and Adolescents Think about Death, Dying and Bereavement. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2016, 224 pp. (Pbk). ISBN: 978-1-78592-011-0, £16.99.
Carlo Leget, 'Art of Living, Art of Dying: Spiritual Care for a Good Death'
Authors: MacLaren Duncan
Published: January 2019

Carlo Leget, Art of Living, Art of Dying: Spiritual Care for a Good Death. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2017, 216 pp. (Pbk). ISBN: 978-1-78592-211-4, £14.99.
Karen Murphy and Bob Whorton, eds, 'Chaplaincy in Hospice and Palliative Care'
Authors: Henderson Viv
Published: January 2019

Karen Murphy and Bob Whorton, eds, Chaplaincy in Hospice and Palliative Care. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2017, 206 pp. (Pbk). ISBN: 978-1-78592-068-4, £18.99.
Catherine Seigal, 'Bereaved Parents and Their Continuing Bonds – Love after Death'
Authors: Aiken Carl
Published: January 2019

Catherine Seigal, Bereaved Parents and Their Continuing Bonds – Love after Death. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2017, 141 pp. (Pbk?). ISBN: 978 1 78592 326 5, £12.99.
John Swinton, 'Becoming Friends of Time: Disability, Timefullness and Gentle Discipleship'
Authors: Kerry Martin
Published: January 2019

John Swinton, Becoming Friends of Time: Disability, Timefullness and Gentle Discipleship. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2016, 225 pp. (Pbk). ISBN: 978-1-48130-409-2, $29.95.
Yaroslav Viazovski, 'Image and Hope: John Calvin and Karl Barth on Body, Soul and Everlasting Life'
Authors: Winn Philip
Published: January 2019

Yaroslav Viazovski, Image and Hope: John Calvin and Karl Barth on Body, Soul and Everlasting Life. Cambridge: James Clark & Co Ltd., 2016, 284 pp. (Pbk). ISBN: 978-0-22717-604-7, £21.00.
Comparative analysis of transport modes for regional mobility: a case study
Authors: Taylor Nicholas Beresford
Published: January 2019

Limits to mobility are imposed by geography and the speed, access, energy and ergonomic constraints of travel modes, which cannot be manipulated arbitrarily by design or technology. Achieving ‘sustainable, efficient and sufficient’ regional mobility needs thinking in terms of a ‘nexus’ between transport, human settlement and activity, and geography. A travel mode's characteristics and usefulness are defined by its speed and accessibility in space and time. This paper addresses the practical limits on principal modes of personal and collective land movement in the light of technological advances, urban structure and land and resource constraints. It is concluded that personal road vehicles cannot achieve sufficient connectivity in a city-region like the UK's ‘northern powerhouse’ and conventional and high-speed rail have limitations. However, integrated public transport centred on advanced technology such as magnetic levitation could enable radically improved mobility and, combined with corridor-based intensification, could promote sustainability by avoiding the drawbacks of megacities and car-dependent dispersion.
ALPPS in overcoming small remnant liver volume in alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Voskanyan S. E. , Artemiev A. I. , Naydenov E. V. , Kolyshev Ilya Yurievich , Zabezhinsky D. A. , Shabalin M. V. , Bashkov A. N. , Grigorieva O. O. , Shcherbin V. V. , Zhurbin A. S.
Published: January 2019

Aim.To evaluate the possibilities and indications for ALPPS, immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of alveolar echinococcosis including great vessels invasion in case of small remnant liver volume.

Material and methods. There were 30 ALPPS procedures. Seven patients had small future liver remnant (FLR) — 24.5% (22.4—26.7%). Bile ducts repair with Roux-en-Y procedure for biliodigestive anastomosis during the first surgical stage was performed in 5 patients (71.4%). ALPPS combined with great vessels resection (portal vein or portal vein and left hepatic vein) was required in 4 patients (57.1%). RO-resections were carried out in all patients.

Results.Mean duration of ALPPS stage I was 365 (330—415) min, intraoperative blood loss — 800 (700—1000) ml. Time of stage II was 85 (70—110) min, intraoperative blood loss — 200 (100—300) ml. The second stage of ALPPS was performed in 6—7 days (max 8 days) after preliminary assessment of FLR volume according to CT-volumetry, which was 570 (430—630) ml (37.9% (31.9—52.4%) in relation to FLR volume before the first stage of ALPPS. Augmentation of FLR volume was 200 (150—290) ml (60.9% (48.3—80.6%)). The daily increase of FLR volume was 29 (23—46) ml. Overall postoperative morbidity was 42.9% (complications grade I were noted in 2 patients (28.6%), grade IV — in 1 patient (14.3%). Incidence of post-hepatectomy liver failure grade A (ISGLS, 2011) after ALPPS stage II was 42.9% (n = 3). Bile leakage grade A (ISGLS, 2011) occurred in 28.6% of cases (n = 2). Mortality was absent. Postoperative hospital-stay after stage II was 22 (18—35) days. Maximum follow-up was 50 months. Long-term disease-free survival was 100%, median survival — 29 months.

Conclusion.ALPPS technique is feasible, followed by desired increase of FLR volume and safe hepatectomy. The procedure leads to good immediate and long-term postoperative results in patients with alveolar echinococcosis and small FLR volume regard less invasion of afferent and/or efferent liver vessels.
Observations from SANSA’s geomagnetic network during the Saint Patrick’s Day storm of 17–18 March 2015
Authors: Nahayo Emmanuel , Kotzé Pieter B. , Cilliers Pierre J. , Lotz Stefan
Published: January 2019

Geomagnetic storms are space weather events that result in a temporary disturbance of the earth’s magnetosphere caused by a solar wind that interacts with the earth’s magnetic field. We examined more closely how some southern African magnetic observatories responded to the Saint Patrick’s Day storm using local K-indices. We show how this network of observatories may be utilised to model induced electric field, which is useful for the monitoring of geomagnetically induced anomalous currents capable of damaging power distribution infrastructure. We show an example of the correlation between a modelled induced electric field and measured geomagnetically induced currents in southern Africa. The data show that there are differences between global and local indices, which vary with the phases of the storm. We show the latitude dependence of geomagnetic activity and demonstrate that the direction of the variation is different for the X and Y components.
Significance:

The importance of ground-based data in space weather studies is demonstrated.
We show how SANSA’s geomagnetic network may be utilised to model induced electric field, which is useful for the monitoring of geomagnetically induced anomalous currents capable of damaging power distribution infrastructure.

Open data set: 
http://www.intermagnet.org/data-donnee/download-eng.php
Convergence and Cointegration Analysis under Structural Breaks: Application of Turkey Tourism Markets
Authors: ÇOBAN Berhan , FİRUZAN Esin
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the cointegration structure and to test the convergence hypothesis in Turkey’s tourism markets with monthly data over the period 1996-2016. To check the existence of convergence, we used international tourist arrivals to Turkey from each of Turkey’s 23 major markets. International tourist arrivals data of Turkey may comprise structural changes and volatility. These attributes may negatively affect the reliability of unit root and cointegration tests outcomes. Ignorance of volatility and breaks leads to decrease in the number of convergent tourism markets. Conventional Dickey Fuller unit root test, recently developed Lagrange multiplier (LM) and Residual Augmented Least Squares (RALS-LM) tests are performed to test the existence of convergence in the tourism market. Gregory Hansen and RALS based cointegration tests are used for checking long run relationship of the tourist arrivals data. The study reveals strong evidence that most of the tourism markets for Turkey are converging. This means that tourism policies and strategies are successful for convergent tourism markets. In addition, there is some long run relationship among the different tourism markets in the presence of structural break and volatility.
Güçlü Ekonomiye Geçiş Programı Sonrası Türkiye’de Banka Kârlılığının Belirleyicileri
Authors: Çiftçi Cemil , Durusu-çiftçi Dilek
Published: January 2019

Türkiye’de 2000’li yılların başında yaşanan ekonomik krizler sonrasında uygulamaya konulan Güçlü Ekonomiye Geçiş Programı çerçevesinde bankacılık sektörünün yeniden yapılandırılmasına yönelik adımlar 2000’li yılların ortalarından itibaren kendini göstermeye başlamış ancak sektörün gelişimiyle banka kârlılıklarında azalmalar da meydana gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada sektörün kârlılıklar açısından heterojen bir yapıda olduğu göz önüne alınmış ve sektör düşük kârlı ve yüksek kârlı bankalar şeklinde iki gruba ayrılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda 2006-2016 döneminde Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren bankaların kârlılıklarına bankaya özgü, sektöre özgü ve makroekonomik değişkenlerin etkileri panel GMM tahmini yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Uygulama sonuçları bankacılık sektörü açısından önemli politika çıkarsınımları ortaya koymuştur.
The Relationship between Unemployment and Growth: Evidence from Turkish Manufacturing Industry
Authors: BARIŞ-TÜZEMEN Özge , TÜZEMEN Samet
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study is to examine the short and the long-run relationship between the unemployment and the manufacturing industry in Turkey for the period between 2005:Q and 2017:Q4. For this purpose, firstly the combined cointegration technique, which is developed by Bayer and Hanck (2012), is applied to reveal the long-run relationship. For the short run relationship, on the other hand, the symmetric and the asymmetric causal relationships among the variables are investigated using the Hacker and Hatemi-J (2006) and Hatemi-J (2012) methods. The findings show that the variables are not cointegrated. In other words, there is no long-run relationship between the unemployment rate and the manufacturing industry growth. According to the symmetric causality test of Hacker and Hatemi-J (2006), no causality is detected. However, Hatemi-J (20012) asymmetric causality test suggests that there is only one unidirectional causality. The direction of the causality is from the negative shocks of the unemployment rate to the negative shocks of the manufacturing industry. The results support the jobless growth phenomenon for the manufacturing sector in Turkey.
İslam İktisadında Devletin Temel İşlevleri: İnsan Merkezli İktisadi İlkeler
Authors: ERSOY Arif , ALTUNDERE-DOĞAN Merve Büşra
Published: January 2019

İslâm iktisadı insan merkezli bir ekonomik düzendir. İslâm’da devlet, toplum halinde bir arada yaşayan insanlar arasında işbölümü ve dayanışmayı sağlayan bir hizmet kuruluşu olarak kabul edilir. İslâm iktisadına göre devlet, üretim faktörlerine sahip olanların üretim, tüketim, paylaşım, mübadele ve taşıma gibi iktisadi faaliyetlerini kendi irade ve rızalarıyla düzenlemelerine ortam hazırlayan, alt yapı hizmetlerini yerine getiren ve piyasa kurumunun serbest işlemesini sağlayan bir teşkilattır. Bu makalede, İslâm iktisadında devletin geçmişte üstlendiği ekonomik işlevler özetle anlatılmaya çalışacak ve İslâm iktisadının dayandığı temel ilkelerden hareketle günümüzde devletin temel ekonomik işlevlerine açıklık getirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
İngiltere Kamu İç Denetim Sisteminde Merkezileşme ve Devlet İç Denetim Ajansının Kurulması
Authors: KIRAL Halis , HATİPOĞLU İlhan
Published: January 2019

Son yıllarda İngiltere’de kamu iç denetim alanında büyük bir değişim yaşanmakta ve kamu iç denetim yapılanması, merkezi olmayan iç denetim sisteminden merkezi iç denetim sistemine doğru dönüştürülmektedir. Söz konusu dönüşümün temel sebepleri arasında ise, iç denetim birimleri arasında standart bir metodolojinin olmayışı ve birimler arası uygulamalarda görülen farklılıklar sayılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, Devlet İç Denetim Ajansı kurularak, iç denetim birimleri arasında uyumun ve sunulan hizmet kalitesinin artırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, İngiltere’de kamu iç denetim alanında görülen değişim, bu değişimin temel sebepleri ile bu değişimin sonucu olarak kurulan ve kamu iç denetim alanında merkezi bir yapıyı temsil eden Devlet İç Denetim Ajansı incelenecektir.
Krizden Demokratik Çıkış: İzlanda Siyasetinde 2008-2017 Arası Gelişmeler
Authors: Yıldırım Yavuz
Published: January 2019

İzlanda, bankacılık sisteminin çökmesiyle 2008 ekonomik krizini çok şiddetli biçimde deneyimledi. Ülkede son on yıl içinde yeni anayasa yapım süreci, uzun süredir iktidarda olan partilerin meşruiyet kaybı, yeni partilerin oluşumu, eski küçük partilerin yükselişi, sıklıkla yenilenen seçimler, koalisyon kurma çabaları, kriz ve AB üyeliği konularındaki referandumlar gibi çeşitli gelişmeler yaşandı. Çalışma İzlanda’da demokratik taleplerin ekonomik krizi nasıl yönettiğini ve yerleşik siyasal yelpazeyi nasıl değiştirdiğini açıklamaktadır. Gerek barışçıl sokak gösterilerine gerekse kurumsal açıdan yeni siyasi yapılara olanak tanıyan İzlanda siyaseti, demokrasi anlayışını liberal demokratik işleyişin ötesine taşıyabilmiştir. Bu küçük ada ülkesi, başlangıçta çöküş, patlama, erime olarak duyurulan ekonomik krizin demokratik çerçeve içinde kalarak aşılabileceğine dair somut bir örnek oluşturur.
Social Capital and Turkish-German Academic Linkages
Authors: KUŞTEPELİ Yeşim , AKGÜNGÖR Sedef , GÜLCAN Yaprak
Published: January 2019

This study investigates linking social capital aspect and transnationality of academia through networks via European Framework Programme (FP5, FP6, FP7) ICT projects in which i) Turkey is coordinator and Germany is partner, ii) Germany is coordinator and Turkey is partner, iii) both Turkey and Germany are partners. Social Network Analysis results depict that in European FP ICT projects where Turkey and Germany collaborated, social capital in Turkey increased. Transnational network linkages provided basis and opportunities for knowledge transfer, innovation networks, and formation of social capital. Further research will analyze social capital creation of the institutions in Turkey and Germany individually.
Vergiye Uyum Sürecinde Davranışsal Yaklaşım: Mükellef Davranışları ve Tipolojileri
Authors: ÇİÇEK Serdar , ÇİÇEK Hüseyin Güçlü , ŞAHİN-İPEK Elif Ayşe
Published: January 2019

Mükelleflerin vergi ödeme veya ödememeye ilişkin kararları sadece beklenen ekonomik kazançlar ve maliyetler ile açıklanamaz. Mükellef kararlarını etkileyen pek çok psikolojik, sosyolojik ve demografik değişken söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada, vergi uyumuna ve uyumsuzluğuna etki eden mükellef davranışları ve tipolojileri Mitu (2016)’nın belirlediği sistematik çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Mükellef tipolojileri, düzenli ve belli bir çerçevede davranışlar sergileyen kişilik tipleri olmaları açısından, vergi uyumunun önemli belirleyicilerini oluşturmaktadır. Vergi idaresinin alışılagelmiş uygulamalar ile vergi uyumunu ve tahsilâtını arttırması bir dereceye kadar mümkündür. İdarenin, yasal zorunlulukların ötesinde; gönüllü vergi uyumunu arttırmak ve mükellefi motive etmek için, bireylerin ve toplumun ahlaki-kültürel normlarını ve mükelleflerin davranışlarını analiz etmesi ve buna göre politika üretmesi gerekmektedir.
Mali Alan Ölçümünde Ostry vd. Yaklaşımı’nın Kuramsal Temeli
Authors: AKBAYIR Fatih , YERELİ Ahmet Burçin
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada mali alan ölçüm yöntemlerinden birisi olan Ostry vd. yaklaşımının kuramsal temelinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda yaklaşımın dayandırıldığı varsayımlar başta olmak üzere “mali yorgunluk” ve “borç limiti” kavramları anlatılmaya çalışılmış ve yaklaşımın, ülkelerin mali alanının doğru ölçülebilmesi için gerekli olan bütünsel temele sahip olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak yaklaşımın görece sağlam kuramsal temeller üzerine kurulduğu söylenebilir. Ancak yaklaşımın bu sağlam temellere paralel olarak geçerliliğini ve güncelliğini koruması, literatürdeki yeni teorik gelişmelere ve ülkelerin edindikleri özgün ekonomik tecrübelere ayak uydurabilmesi sonucu mümkün olabilecektir.
Effects of positioning on cough peak flow and muscular electromyographic activation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy v1
Authors: Marques Layana , Augusto de Freitas Fregonezi Guilherme , Priscila Santos Ilsa , Aline Marcelino Ana , Medeiros Jéssica , Emílio Teixeira Dourado-Júnior Mario , Aliverti Andrea , Sarmento Antonio , Regiane Resqueti Vanessa
Published: January 2019

Objective: Assess whether differences in positioning affects CPF and muscular electromyographic activation in patients with DMD and compare with paired healthy subjects. Methods: Total chest wall and compartmental volumes, chest wall vital capacity and inspiratory capacity, CPF, breathing pattern and electromyographic activity of sternocleidomastoid (SCM), scalene (SC), rectus abdominis(RA) and external oblique (EO) muscles during inspiratory and expiratory cough phases were measured in the supine position, supine position with headrest raised at 45°, and sitting with back support at 80° by Optoelectronic Plethysmography and surface electromyographyin 12 patients with DMD and 12 healthy subjects. Results: Patients with DMD had lower CPF (p<.01) in comparison to healthy in all positions; in addition, the Duchenne group presented lower CPF (p=.05) in the supine position versus 80o. Moreover, the relative volume contributions of the ribcage and abdominal compartments to tidal volume modified significantly with posture. The electromyographic activity during inspiratory and expiratory cough phases was lower in DMD when compared with healthy for all evaluated muscles (p<.05), but no significant differences were observed with posture change. Conclusion: In patients with DMD, posture influences CPF as well as the relativecontribution of the ribcage and abdominal compartments to tidal volume. However, electromyographic activity of SCM, SC, EO, and RA are not influenced by posture in patients with DMD and healthy subjects.
A Rare Cause of Inguinal Herniation: Bladder Herniation
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Sefa , BEDEL Cihan
Published: January 2019

Urinary
bladder presenting as an inguinal hernia is an uncommon condition found in
about 1-3% of inguinal hernia. Most
are asymptomatic, but symptoms such as dysuria, urgency, nocturia and
haematuria can be seen.
Computed tomography seems the best imaging choice to outline the details of
herniation. This study aims
to raise awareness for emergency physicians for the  inguinal bladder herniation  and to avoid misdiagnosis.
ACTIVITIES BASED ON BRITISH FEATURE FILMS TO DEVELOP SOCIOCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF LINGUISTICS
Authors: Trykashna Yuliia
Published: January 2019

Background: Authentic British feature films presenting people, places, events, verbal and non-verbal behavior in different sociocultural situations is an important source of sociocultural information for learners of English.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to present the author’s methodology of developing sociocultural competence of prospective philologists with the help of authentic feature films.

Results. Sociocultural competence is viewed as the ability of a person to gain sociocultural knowledge through the analysis of sociocultural information obtained from authentic feature films, to reflect upon a person’s own attitude towards the information received and to be prepared for an intercultural dialogue.

To develop sociocultural competence of 2nd year students of Linguistics we prepared a course book British Culture in Films consisting of sixteen lessons. Every lesson was dedicated to one particular concept or aspect of culture, with activities based on the selected fragments of films that vividly demonstrate sociocultural behaviour. The tasks and exercises were aimed at developing various skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing), they were intended for group/individual and class/independent work and varied in format (oral/written, with/without visual support, role plays, etc.). As the data of the experimental study clearly indicate, the students, who underwent training, raised their cultural awareness, got equipped with an understanding of the basic concepts of culture, developed sociocultural observation as well as critical-thinking skills.

Discussion. Authentic feature films provide invaluable information about the life of contemporary British society. However, before using authentic films in the classroom they should be carefully selected against certain criteria. Attention should be paid to stimulating students’ interest towards the target culture by involving them in various meaningful activities, particularly those aimed at reflection and identifying commonalities and difference of the mother and British cultures, nurturing attitudes, tolerance and enabling them to be culturally adequate speakers of English.
TEACHING PUBLIC SPEAKING TO PHILOLOGY MAJORS: ORGANIZING THE PROCESS
Authors: Bilous Svitlana
Published: January 2019

Background: Developing speaking skills has always occupied a prominent place in foreign languages programmes. But nowadays, mastering public speaking has become an urgent need for Philology majors. It is therefore timely to research the communicative strategies used in public speeches and suggest the model for teaching public speaking to undergraduate students.

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to characterise public speeches as samples of English persuasive speaking and develop the model for teaching public speaking to Philology majors.

Results: Public speaking employs persuasion as a key communication strategy. The persuasive strategy is realized through argumentative techniques (explaining logically the subject matter and encouraging the communication partner to accept necessary ideas), emotional techniques (creating the appropriate atmosphere and affecting the audience emotionally), value-based techniques (used to convince the audience by providing an assessment of the event).

The article differentiates the types of public speeches (inspiring speeches, propaganda, persuasive speeches) in the political and mass media contexts. In the process of training, students are supposed to master effective argumentative, emotive and value techniques as well as relevant verbal, nonverbal and paraverbal communication means to produce public speeches in English.

Discussion: Public speeches have been identified as effective material to teach persuasive speaking to Philology majors. The model of teaching public speaking to undergraduate students has been discussed.
EFFECT OF HEAT-INDUCED ANTIGEN RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE ON DNA FLUORESCENT STAINING QUALITY IN HISTOLOGIC SECTIONS
Authors: Kolos E A , Korzhevskii D E
Published: January 2019

The heat-induced epitope retrieval procedure is an important step in the procedure of immunofluorescent staining of tissues fixed in formalin-containing solutions. Generally, apart from the detection of the examined antigen, the staining of cell nuclei w ith appropriate fluorescent dyes is also carried out during the morphological studies. This procedure is used to identify the cells position and form, the phase of the mitotic cycle, the size of the nucleus and the nucleolus, the chromatin condition. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) procedure on the quality of DNA staining by fluorescent dyes DAPI and 7-Aminoactinomycin D. We have found that the potential effect of the HIER procedure on the stability and intensity of cell nuclei fluorescence staining should be taken into account in selecting a protocol for immunofluorescence antigen identification during a morphological study. Data obtained in the course of this study should be taken into account when carrying out a multicolor fluorescence and confocal laser microscopy.
Células troncales y reprogramación celular
Authors: Martín-López Marta , Marín María C. , Marqués Margarita
Published: January 2019

A partir de diferentes estadios del desarrollo embrionario murino, es posible establecer in vitro cultivos de células troncales que presentan dos rasgos distintivos:su capacidad para proliferar indefinidamente, dando lugar a nuevas células troncales (auto-renovación), y su capacidad de diferenciación a todos los tipos celulares que forman el organismo adulto (pluripotencia). Durante décadas,el tránsito del estado pluripotente al estado de diferenciación terminal fue considerado irreversible; sin embargo, en la actualidad es posible revertir este proceso e inducir la pluripotencia en células somáticas mediante la expresión defactores de transcripción que regulan la identidad de las células troncales embrionarias. Este proceso, denominado reprogramación celular, da lugar a la generaciónde células troncales pluripotentes inducidas (iPSCs), que presentan características moleculares y funcionales similares a las de células troncales embrionarias (ESCs). Por ello, las células reprogramadas son una valiosa herramientaen Biomedicina, y están siendo empleadas para modelar enfermedades humanas o para la búsqueda de nuevos tratamientos en patologías que no respondena los enfoques clínicos tradicionales.
Análisis de características diferenciales entre antocianinas y betacianinas en extractos de plantas mediante pruebas de color
Authors: Martínez Reyes Natalia
Published: January 2019

Las antocianinas y las betacianinas son pigmentos rojos y violetas que, además de dar color a las plantas, poseen una importante función antioxidante, y cada vez más aplicaciones en el ámbito alimentario, médico y bioquímico. Estos pigmentos comparten ciertas similitudes, pero también presentan diferencias útiles a la hora de emplearlos en distintas aplicaciones, o de caracterizar plantas. El objetivode este estudio es realizar pruebas de color sobre extractos crudos que permitan diferenciar entre antocianinas y betacianinas. Se ha observado que las antocianinascambian su color en función del pH,mientras que las betacianinas vagamente varían su color y se degradan en pH alcalino. Un tratamiento corto a 100ºC con HCl también puede degradar las betacianinas, pero no las antocianinas. En metanol ácido, las antocianinas muestran máximos de absorción en el espectro visible más bajos, debido a su viraje hacia tonos rojos. Por último, en cromatografía en papel, y utilizando butanol:acético:agua como fase móvil, lasantocianinas pueden separarse y caracterizarse, mientras que las betacianinas migran, pero pueden separarse de las betaxantinas.
Desarrollo de cepas atenuadas de Rhodococcus equi mediante la obtención de cepas afectadas en los sistemas de oxidación reducción
Authors: Mourenza Flórez Álvaro
Published: January 2019

La idea de esta Tesis surge por la confluencia de varios factores (i) la importancia del microorganismo en estudio, Rhodococcus equi, para la industria equina y para la salud humana; (ii) el incremento en la resistencia de los microorganismos a los diferentes antibióticos; (iii) la experiencia previa del grupo en el estudio de los sistemas de control Redox (oxidación/reducción) en algunos representantes del grupo de las actinobacterias. R. equi es una bacteria Gram positiva perteneciente al grupo de las actinobacterias presente en suelos de diferentesambientes, entre ellos pastizales; la bacteria puede comportarse como un patógeno intracelular, causando bronconeumonía (y muerte) en potros, pero también ocasionalmente en pacientes inmuno-suprimidos.
Knowledge, perception and attitude of under-graduate and post-graduate medical students about antimicrobial use, resistance and stewardship at a tertiary care teaching hospital in rural Telangana, India
Authors: Chundru Jayaram , D. Shailendra , Tirumalareddy Rahul R. , Kumari Harsha , Kovilakonda Vishal P.
Published: January 2019

Background: Inappropriate antimicrobial use contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Assessing knowledge, perception and attitude regarding antimicrobial use serves as a prelude to design and implement educational modules to promote rational antimicrobial use.Methods: An online questionnaire based cross-sectional study involving 338 medical students; under-graduates, interns and post-graduates was conducted in a medical college in south India. Chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used to determine association between variables.Results: Fifty percent of the participants (170/338) responded to the questionnaire. The responses were similar across undergraduates, interns and post-graduates. Majority of the responders had good knowledge regarding use of antimicrobials. Most of the participants (92.35%) expressed that a broad-spectrum antimicrobial should be started to treat a serious infection while awaiting culture and sensitivity reports and 88.82% did not prefer to use antimicrobial agents for common cold. Similarly, most of the respondents (93.56%) were aware of the fact that antimicrobial resistance is a global problem. However, many of them (74.71%) were not aware of antimicrobial stewardship programme in their college.Conclusions: This study revealed that most of the students had good knowledge, fair perception and positive attitude regarding the use of, and resistance to antimicrobial agents but not about stewardship programmes. Proactive measures are required to sensitise medical students on antimicrobial stewardship programmes.
Evaluation of teaching methodologies in pharmacology for undergraduates: a cross-sectional analysis in a medical college of South India
Authors: Ghazala Zainab , Kalshetty Prakash , Vardhamane Shrenik
Published: January 2019

Background: Pharmacology is an important part of medical education. A competent doctor should be able to prescribe rational treatment to the patients to minimise the adverse effects and contribute to the improvement of overall healthcare system. There is a dire need to reform the undergraduate pharmacology curriculum to match up to the rapidly evolving medical field. Feedback system is one of the most successful instruments in improving any system. We have undertaken a similar feedback system to study the advantages and disadvantages of various study methods for teaching theory and practical exercises to the medical undergraduates.Methods: This is a cross sectional questionnaire based study conducted in the department of pharmacology. Students of MBBS 2nd year were enrolled into the study. The purpose of the study was explained to them and clarifications were made if any. The questionnaire included questions on various aspects of teaching methodology and graded by students on internationally accepted ‘Likert’ scale.Results: In our study students favoured teaching by blackboard method (96%) and many preferred a combination of blackboard and power point presentation. Discussing on issues of clinical significance of the topic was favoured by 96% of the students and 67% students responded that stressing on the facts concerned with Post graduate entrance exams is more important. Sixty nine percent and 85% students preferred short essays and MCQs respectively as method of evaluation and 68% of them favoured evaluation by both the methods. Regarding pharmacology practical exercises most of the students preferred clinical problems, dosage calculation, ADR reporting and other problem based learning techniques. Studying pharmacology as an integrated subject with other clinical subjects was preferred by 68% of the students.Conclusions: It is well known that students learn better when they are involved actively in learning process than when they are passive recipients. In our study we realised that undergraduate pharmacology teaching pattern should be modified mostly towards pharmacotherapeutics and clinical pharmacology.