bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KORELASI ANTARA ASPEK PSIKOSOSIAL DAN SPIRITUAL DENGAN PENYAPIHAN DINI PADA ANAK USIA BADUTA
Authors: Manullang Ayu Lestari , Sinaga Sumiati , Rahayu Anik Puji
Published: April 2021

Latar Belakang : Pemutusan pemberian ASI secara dini sangat mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang dan status kesehatan anak di masa depan. Ada kemungkinan proses penyapihan dini akan berpengaruh terhadap sistem cerna bayi yang belum siap, penyerapan nutrisi yang lebih sedikit, peningkatan berat badan berlebih dan resiko infeksi. Belum ada yang tahu kapan waktu yang tepat untuk mulai berhenti menyusui, namun ada baiknya dalam menekan turunnya angka kesakitan dan kematian bayi pemberian ASI eksklusif hingga usia 6 bulan dan dilanjutkan hingga usia 2 tahun dilakukan. Ibu yang berhenti memberikan ASI sebelum waktunya, dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, seperti kesehatan fisik ibu dan bayi, psikologis, sosial dan spiritual. Hal ini membuat peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui aspek psikososial dan spiritual ibu yang melakukan penyapihan dini pada anak usia baduta Tujuan : untuk mengetahui korelasi antara aspek psikososial dan spiritual dengan penyapihan dini pada anak usia baduta. Metode : penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan deskriptif analitik dan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 122 responden yang didapatkan menggunakan Simple Random Sampling dan pemberian kuesioner yang datanya di analisis dengan menggunakan uji Korelasi Pearson. Hasil : penelitian ini menunjukkan Ada korelasi yang bermakna (pvalue ­=0.000) dan sangat kuat (r=0.912) antara aspek psikososial dengan penyapihan dini pada anak usia baduta, sedangkan korelasi antara aspek spiritual dengan penyapihan dini ada korelasi bermakna (pvalue ­=0.009) namun berkekuatan lemah (r=0.236). Kesimpulan : semakin baik nilai aspek psikososial dan spiritual seorang ibu saat menyusui maka akan semakin menurunkan tingkat penyapihan dini pada anak usia baduta.
PHILOSOPHICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE THEORY OF PUBLIC FINANCE
Authors: DERLYTSIA Andrii
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The theory of public finance is based on deep philosophical questions, on the achievements of political economy, political science, and especially on the dominant philo sophical doctrines that explain the processes of existence, consciousness and patterns of their development.

The purpose of the article is to investigate the peculiarities of the philosophical foundations of the western theory of public finance in comparison with modern domestic financial science, which still partially adheres to the worldview approaches of the Soviet financial school.

Methods. The methods of comparison, logical analysis and abstraction are used in the work.

Results. The article considers the key philosophical problems and their impact on the theory of public finance. The role of material and ideal principles for public finances is clarified. The differences between metaphysical and dialectical approaches to the interpretation of financial phenomena are established. The consequences of the confrontation between rationalism and empiricism for financial science are outlined. The advantages and limitations of the inductive and hypothetical-deductive method are revealed. The role of verification and falsification as ways to verify the truth of scientific knowledge has been studied. The differences of ontological and epistemological accents of the western and domestic theory of public finances are revealed. A certain alternative of dialectics and formal logic as research paradigms has been established. The shortcomings of the excessive orientation of domestic science to attempts to formulate concepts and categories in the style of philosophical essentialism, generally rejected in the West, are pointed out. The advantages and limitations of the historical approach in the study of public finance are shown.

Conclusions. It is proved that the research basis of the theory of public finance should be the observance of a clear sequence in the philosophical triad: dialectics – logic – metaphysics. It is noted that the prospects for the development of domestic financial science lie in the plane of implementation of the philosophical and methodological achievements of western science while preserving the national identity.
Features of Proof in Criminal Cases Against Minors
Authors: Borzunova N. Yu. , Maksimova K. L. , Matorina O. S.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the specific features of the procedure of legal proceedings in cases involving minors. Thus, one of the grounds for differentiating criminal proceedings according to this criterion of cases is the underage age of persons who have committed a socially dangerous act. This is primarily due to the age characteristics of these individuals, who are characterized by great impressionability, lack of sufficient life experience and solid knowledge, immaturity of thinking, instability of the psyche and increased emotionality, increased suggestibility and auto-suggestion, a tendency to fantasy and imitation. Their will is not yet strong enough, and their character is not yet fully formed. In connection with the above, there is a specific nature of the circumstances to be proved in this category of criminal cases, which is analyzed in the article. The authors ‘opinions on the expanded subject of evidence in criminal cases against minors are presented. Proposals were made to improve the legislation.
Violations of Building Laws: Problems of Prosecution
Authors: Kravchenko Ya. A.
Published: April 2021

The article explores the problems associated with holding accountable in cases of violation of legislation in the field of construction. The author claims that the bulk of the violations that are identified in the construction industry are accounted for by the facts of the construction without the necessary legal documents for land and permits for the construction. It is noted that the main reason entailing violation of construction legislation is the presence of gaps in the law. In conclusion, the author suggests fixing the obligation of the authorized body on the personal official website to display a register of multiapartment buildings that are being built on its territory. In such a register you must specify certain information.
Problems of Mass Media and Society Interactions
Authors: Torgunakov E. A. , Torgunakova E. V.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the role of the mass media in the life of the modern information society, examines the features and functions of mass communication as a form of social interaction. The author analyses the theories of foreign scientists who study the means of influence of mass media and the problems of modern mass media.
Digital Social Communications of Migrants and Diaspora on the Example of the Global Armenian Community
Authors: Snisarenko S. O. , Hayrapetyan E. M. , Khashkovsky A. V.
Published: April 2021

Sociocultural analysis of migratory behavior, socio-economic and political studies of the Diaspora and the study of social communications as the basis for building social networks of migrants form a holistic view of the content of the migration choice being made. Social communication research focuses on knowledge transfer and building sustainable trusting relationships. Based on the analysis of the level of education of migrants and interviews with Armenian migrants on the role of the network of family and friendly relations, conclusions are drawn about the importance of network interactions and communications based on trust, which are based on the motives for making a decision to migrate. In the context of the knowledge economy, the educational level of human capital plays a key role for the competitive advantages of business and the region, innovative economic growth requires building effective relationships, which, in the context of social isolation and the development of digital contacts, have received new tools for expansion. Global digital social communications make it possible to maintain a richness and intensity of contacts, including the exchange of information and the maintenance of an ethnic cultural identity, regardless of location.
Administrative and Legal Impact on Persons Suspected of Extremism
Authors: Borodin V. V. , Furman F. Р.
Published: April 2021

The article examines topical issues of prosecution for committing extremist offenses provided for by the provisions of Federal Law No. 114. A detailed analysis of the practice of law enforcement of the border normлиц s of Art. 280 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to extend the institution of compulsory administrative precedence to the norm of Art. 280 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Workers’ Control: the Leninist Model
Authors: Shabalina E. I. , Frolova N. Yu.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the study of Lenin’s model of working control. According to Lenin’s model, «work control» can be considered both as a state and as an activity. It also defines approaches to understanding control and identifies types of control. The grounds for classification of control types are established. The ways of organizing control are noted, which were the collection and analysis of information, including in the form of complaints and appeals from workers, by type of control.
Protection Issues of Labor Rights of Citizens Obtaining a Second Higher Education and Combining Work and Training
Authors: Kurmashev S. M. , Chernykh A. B.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the fact that retraining and a second higher education are increasingly in demand among working citizens. According to the authors, obtaining a second higher education, as well as obtaining a new professional qualification, for a working person is associated with difficulties that arise when combining work and training. At the same time, obtaining higher education while working is also associated with the solution of regulatory and law enforcement issues of compliance with labor rights, which have an ambiguous interpretation by lawyers and an ambiguous law enforcement practice. In addition to the main guarantees in the field of obtaining a second higher education, the authors of the article investigate the issues of the ratio of vocational education and vocational retraining, as well as some difficulties associated with the confirmation of higher education. There is an attempt to summarize the materials available in this area and formulate some recommendations for those who are just thinking about this issue or are already being trained.
An analysis of content-based image retrieval
Authors: KOYUNCU Hakan , DİXİT Manish , KOYUNCU Baki
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, working on digital images is gaining much popularity in multimedia systems, due to the rapid increase in the utilization of large image databases. Thus, the Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) method has become the most valuable method for these databases. This study mainly focuses on content-based image retrieval; which uses image features like color, shape, texture, etc. by searching the user query image from a large image database based on user request. CBIR is the most widely used technique as its searching capability is faster than the other traditional methods, and it works well in retrieving images automatically. It is also a big alternative approach to traditional methods. The CBIR techniques are used in many applications like surveillance detection, crime avoidance, fingerprint identification, E-library, medical, historical monument and biodiversity information systems, and many more. A total of 38 CBIR articles were comparatively analyzed.
Mechanical characterization of pack-boronized AISI 4140 and AISI H13 steels
Authors: ARSLAN Dilek , AKGÜN Selda
Published: April 2021

Wear losses have a great importance in the world machinery industry. They cause billions of dollars in financial losses every year. Studies on surface treatments are increasing day by day in order to minimize the wear losses of materials. In this study, the pack boronizing process was applied to AISI 4140 and AISI H13 steels, which are frequently used in the manufacturing and molding industry, by using Ekabor II powder at 900 °C and 950 °C for 4 and 6 hours. Microstructural examinations of the samples subjected to metallographic processes were carried out. Afterwards, microhardness measurements were performed by applying 50 gf load for 10 seconds. Wear tests were carried out using pin-on-disk tribotests in a dry environment under 2 N and 5 N loads on the CSM Tribometer device. Wear losses were measured as volumetric loss. Thanks to the boronizing process, surface quality, surface hardness, and wear resistance of both steel materials were increased at a high rate.
Machine Learning calibration of Angle of Arrival methods based on different experimental Unified Linear and Rectified Array measurements
Authors: Merk Timon , Abou Nasa Mohamad , Rezai Farshid , Karlsson Peter , Mahlig Matthias
Published: April 2021

Generic Angle of Arrival methods for indoor positioning are highly affected by specific antenna and environment scenarios through design impurities or multipathcomponent propagations. Here we acquired a large dataset of four different antenna designs in three different measurement environments with >140000 snapshots obtained from Bluetooth 5.1 receiver. Using the spatial power spectral densities of the PDDA angle of arrival algorithm as feature set for a small Random Forest model, we could show that angle estimation performances for all antennas in all measured environments were significantly improved (PDDA MAE >16 vs RF MAE < 3). Based on the small model size the proposed architecture can be implemented in microcontroller applications for super resolution angle of arrival applications.
Dynamic Biasing for Improved On-Orbit Total-Dose Lifetimes of Commercial Electronic Devices
Authors: Holliday Maximillian , Heuser Thomas , Manchester Zachary , Senesky Debbie
Published: April 2021

The survivability of microelectronic devices in ionizing radiation environments drives spacecraft design, capability, mission scope, and cost. This work exploits the periodic nature of many space radiation environments to extend device lifetimes without additional shielding or modifications to the semiconductor architecture. We propose a technique for improving component lifetimes through reduced total-dose accumulation by modulating device bias during periods of intense irradiation. Simulation of this ``dynamic biasing" technique applied to single-transistor devices in a typical low-Earth orbit results in an increase of component life from 114 days to 477 days (318% improvement) at the expense of 5% down time (95% duty cycle). The biasing technique is also experimentally demonstrated using gamma radiation to study three commercial devices spanning a range of integrated circuit complexity in 109 rad/min and 256 rad/min dose rate conditions. The demonstrated improvements in device lifetimes using the proposed dynamic biasing technique lays a foundation for more effective use of modern microelectronics for space applications. Analogous to the role real-time temperature monitoring plays in maximizing modern processor performance, the proposed dynamic biasing technique is a means of intelligently responding to the radiation environment and capable of becoming an integral tool in optimizing component lifetimes in space.
Dynamic Biasing for Improved On-Orbit Total-Dose Lifetimes of Commercial Semiconductor Devices
Authors: Holliday Maximillian , Heuser Thomas , Manchester Zachary , Senesky Debbie
Published: April 2021

This work proposes a "dynamic biasing" technique and uses on-orbit simulations with experimental testing to demonstrate up to a 16x improvement in total-dose lifetimes for COTS devices without additional shielding or modifications to the chip. Building upon this foundation, the dynamic biasing technique offers a unique opportunity for microelectronic systems to begin intelligently responding in real-time to their radiation environment. We believe this fundamental technique can become an integral tool to countless future electronic systems in space.
Towards the non-zero field cesium magnetic sensor array for magnetoencephalography
Authors: Petrenko Mikhail , Dmitriev Sergei , Pazgalev Anatoly , Ossadtchi Alex , Vershovskii Anton
Published: April 2021

Magnetic sensors developed for application in magnetoencephalography must meet a number of requirements; the main ones are compactness, sensitivity and response speed. We present a quantum optically pumped atomic sensor with cell volume of 0.5cm3 that meets these requirements and is operable in nonzero magnetic fields. The ultimate sensitivity of the sensor was estimated as (using the criteria of the ratio of the slope of the magnetic resonance signal to the shot noise spectral density) to be better than 5 fT/Hz1/2. The actual sensitivity, measured in a gradiometric scheme, reaches 13 fT/Hz1/2 per sensor. We also present a novel and fast algorithm for optimization of the geometric properties of non-zero field sensor array with respect to maximization of the information transfer rate for cortical sources.
Pentingnya Seleksi Calon Misionaris dan Implementasinya dalam Pekerjaan Misi di Indonesia
Authors: Saptorini Sari , Karnawati Karnawati
Published: April 2021

Pengutusan misionaris diperlukan untuk menjangkau suku terabaikan di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu diperlukan misionaris yang siap menghadapi segala situasi dan kondisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali pentingnya seleksi calon misionaris. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa seleksi calon misionaris penting untuk dilakukan bagi pekerjaan misi di Indonesia. Tahapan dalam proses seleksi, yaitu: pendafaran atau perekrutan, wawancara, penilaian atau tes, keputusan hasil seleksi. Proses seleksi memeriksa calon secara menyeluruh yang meliputi hal latar belakang, motivasi, kompetensi, karakter dan kepribadian. Proses ini dapat menolong gereja dan lembaga misi untuk mengutus misionaris yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan yang ada di ladang misi.
Misi Kristus di Bumi Jawa
Authors: Haryono Timotius
Published: April 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara multietnis dan salah satu suku yang besar adalah suku Jawa. Orang Jawa pada masa kini memiliki kencenderungan pola hidup yang berbeda dengan orang Jawa pada masa lalu. Melihat hal ini perlu upaya mengimplementasikan misi Yesus kepada orang Jawa melalui pemuridan pada masa kini, sehingga mengalami kehidupan rohani yang sejati. Langkah yang penting yaitu dengan memikirkan ulang bagaimana misi Yesus di bumi Jawa pada masa kini. Penelitian ini memakai pendekatan kualitatif, sedangkan cara untuk mengumpulkan data memakai metode studi literatur. Analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan analisis interaktif melalui tiga tahap yaitu penyajian data, reduksi data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Model Misi Kreatif-Holistik di Bumi Jawa Pada Masa Kini.
Mendialogkan Rancangan Undang-Undang Pesantren dan Pendidikan Keagamaan
Authors: Baruno Yosef Heristyo Endro , Hutapea Rinto Hasiholan , Kawangung Yudhi
Published: April 2021

Berdialog adalah sebuah upaya menyampaikan informasi dan pendapat untuk mempertimbangkan agar bisa saling memahami. Berkaitan polemik Rancangan Undang-Undang Pesantren dan Pendidikan Keagamaan khususnya pasal 69 dan 70 yang telah disusun oleh DPR bersama pemerintah selaku pembuat Undang-Undang di Indonesia, telah direspons oleh masyarakat luas, terutama lembaga keagamaan Katolik dan Kristen Protestan yang sebagian besar menolak Rancangan Undang-Undang tersebut. Polemik itu berkaitan dengan niat DPR dan pemerintah yang hendak memberi payung hukum bagi penyelenggaraan kegiatan-kegiatan keagamaan yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menekankan analisis pada proses penyimpulan deduktif atau induktif, serta analisis terhadap dinamika hubungan fenomena yang diteliti dengan menggunakan logika ilmiah. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Undang-Undang tersebut mendapat tanggapan secara luas dari masyarakat dan lembaga keagamaan, khususnya pasal yang ditujukan bagi pelaksanaan kegiatan keagamaan umat Katolik dan Kristen Protestan. Polemik tersebut membuat berbagai pihak, baik pemerintah maupun lembaga keagamaan mengoreksi isi Rancangan Undang-Undang tersebut dan sementara dihentikan proses pengesahannya.
Pemuridan Model Epafras Sebagai Upaya Pendewasaan Iman Bagi Warga Gereja
Authors: Nggebu Sostenis
Published: April 2021

Tinjauan artikel ini membahas pemuridan sebagai implementasi dari Amanat Agung untuk mendewasakan warga gereja menjadi serupa dengan Yesus Kristus. Untuk maksud itu penulis membahas konsep pemuridan yang dikerjakan oleh Epafras bagi jemaat Kolose. Dalam teks Kolose 1:3-11, Epafras memuridkan orang-orang Kristen Kolose agar memiliki karakter Kristus sekaligus memperlengkapi mereka ambil bagian sebagai pekerja Kristus (Kol. 1:28, 29). Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik, penulis berusaha menjelaskan pemuridan yang digunakan oleh Epafras. Dari studi ini tampak bahwa Epafras memuridkan orang-orang Kristen Kolose supaya mereka memiliki kedewasaan rohani dalam Kristus; memperlengkapi mereka untuk melanjutkan tugas pemuridan tersebut; juga mereka memiliki pemahaman yang benar tentang kehidupan dalam Kristus untuk menangkal ajaran-ajaran palsu yang merebak di tengah jemaat. Dengan demikian, maka umat Kristen Kolose dapat berdiri teguh dalam iman mereka kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus.
Pelatihan Teknologi Budidaya Udang Sistem Polikultur pada Kelompok Tani Pembudidaya Udang Di Desa Tamarupa Kecamatan Mandalle Kabupaten Pangkep, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Harlina Harlina , Saenong Muhammad , Hamdillah Andi
Published: April 2021

One of the villages in Pangkajene and Islands District is Tamarupa Village, Mandalle District, which is a coastal area. Most of the population are fish farmers. In this village, there is a shrimp farmer group "Sipakaenre II". The main problem faced by farmer group is the low production of shrimp because the technology used is still traditional, relying on natural food and using the monoculture method. Shrimp production can be increased by improving aquaculture technology. For this reason, the purpose of this community partnership program (CPP) was to provide a better understanding and skill to shrimp farmer groups about how to cultivate good shrimp through training activities of polyculture shrimp farming techniques based on Best Aquaculture Practice (BAP). The approach method used to achieve the objectives of the community partnership program was a participatory method. After this activity, there was an increase in the knowledge and skills of farmer group partners about shrimp aquaculture technology with BAP-based on polyculture systems.
Sosialisasi Perbaikan Metode Kerja Dengan Prinsip 5S Berdasarkan Identifikasi Hazard Di CV. Epen Garage X Azizskip
Authors: Sari Tri Novita , Pradipto Masri , Hartini Sri
Published: April 2021

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a safe and healthy condition when doing work. This safe and healthy condition are useful for both workers, companies or organizations and for the environment around the workplace. OSH is an important aspect in workshop, including CV. Epen Garage X Azizskip which is a motorbike repair workshop located in Citeuteup area, Bogor City, West Java. OSH will be created if there is no potential danger or hazard, therefore it is necessary to identify hazards in the workshop. This study aims to identify hazards using Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) method and work improvement using Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu dan Shitsuke (5S) method. The types of hazards, risk levels and sources of hazards will be identified by the HAZOP method. Generally the hazards in the workshop are because workers do not use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as work clothes, gloves, safety shoes, safety goggles and also messy workshop condition. After identifying the types of hazards, a work improvement method is needed to prevent accidents in workshop, using the 5S method.
Implementasi Revolusi Industri (4.0) Pada Ukm Ayam Broiler Melalui Mesin Pakan Ayam Otomatis Berbasis Internet Of Things (IoT)
Authors: Padillah Raup
Published: April 2021

Small and medium enterprise (SME) of boiler chicken own by Mr Sugiran, had been pionered since 2015 was one of SME in Desa Jambewangi Banyuwangi that has been operationally effected by the corona virus desease. Some government policies on Corona desease in preventing the virus spread made this small bussiness threathen out of bussiness. Layoffs made by the company caused on the threatment and feeding process of the livestock that made mortality on the livestock were rising. The fall of chicken livestock prices made this bussiness threaten to be bankruptcy. As a result of problem identification faced by the partner, offered solution by team is by implementing technology on automatic chicken feeding base on internet of things (IoT) and its applied on pos franchise system. The result of using this application are rising on chicken livestock, decreasing in livestock mortality till harvesting period, economically cut the cost of feeding process, rising on income (omzet) for the partner in harvesting period of broiler chicken.
Pendampingan Dan Pelatihan Desain Grafis Untuk Kewirausahaan Bagi Siswa SMK Muhammadiyah 9 Wagir
Authors: Khusna Arif Hidayatul , Dintarini Mayang
Published: April 2021

The problem faced by students is at the production stage, namely the problem of product labeling. Until now labeling was done simply or without labeling. If students can design their own product labels, of course this will add to the selling value of the product. The existence of labels and brochures also add value to the promotion of student products. The aim of this mentoring activity is to provide training and graphic design assistance to students of SMK. The steps of this community service activities are observations, socialization, graphic design training, assistance in making labels and brochures for student entrepreneurial products, as well as evaluating and reflecting on service activities. The result of this service activity was in the form of training and graphic design assistance for students. All of the activities was well done . This can be seen from the number of students who participated in training and mentoring for three days. In addition, there are positive responses from teachers and students that have an impact on the success of this graphic design training and assistance. This can be seen from the results of student designs that are attractive and can be used as a commercial tool.
Changed Diabetic Treatment from Multiple Daily Injection (MDI), Dulaglutide to Xultophy
Authors: H Bando , Y Kato , Y Kato , S Matsuzaki , S Waka , K Ogura
Published: April 2021

The patient is a 56-year old (yo) female with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Medical histories include persisting T2DM from 35yo, renal stone at 43yo, hypertension from 45yo, photocoagulation for retinopathy on 54yo. An incidentaloma was found in the left adrenal gland, where endocrinological exams were negative for functional tumor. Her diabetic control situation became worse with HbA1c > 10%, then the treatment has been changed from multiple daily injection (MDI), Dulaglutide to Xultophy which is combined agents of degludec and liraglutide (IDegLira). It was provided 10-18 doses daily, and then glucose variability profile was improved satisfactory, suggesting the dual synergistic effects.
Renovation features of powder high-speed steels broaches with plazma hardening
Authors: Politov A.S. , Latypov R.R.
Published: April 2021

The comparative studies results of the durability of cutting properties of new and restored by regrinding and repeated plasma hardening with the application of multi-layer Si—O—C—N nanocoating system (PECVD by cold atmospheric plasma) powder high — speed steels broaches teeth for the processing of hard-to-process materials profilecomposite gas-turbine engines components are presented.
Pulse methods of strengthening nanocrystalline carbon coatings deposition
Authors: Panfilov Yu.V.
Published: April 2021

The most known methods of pulsed thin strengthening nanostructured film deposition such as magnetron sputtering HiPIMS, pulsed laser deposition PLD, vacuum arc pulsed deposition, high-intensity pulsed ion beams deposition HIPIB, as well, were described and analysed. It was shown that the stream of material, generated by means of a pulsed action, impacts to substrate and creates preconditions for nanocrystalline amorphous coating manufacture with superhigh hardness.
“THE DEATH” OF CONTRACTS AS A RESULT OF VOIDING: VOID OR VOIDABLE?
Authors:   Baku State University, Intigam Garayeva Aysel
Published: April 2021

Parties conclude a contract for creation and termination of contractual rights and obligations as the existence of a contract ensures parties to face unexpected situations. A valid contract means it is legally binding and enforceable and the formation of a legally binding contract must entail some essential and basic elements. But in some cases, even though the contract meets all basic elements for its validation it can be invalid. If a contract is invalid, it will be annulled from the very beginning, therefore the invalidity has a retroactive effect. Some defects render a contract void, while others make it voidable. This article clarifies types of invalid contracts on the basis of the element of dispute, main characteristic features of void and voidable contracts, dispute period in invalid transactions and grounds that lead to voiding a contract. Key words: defects, the death of contracts, void contracts, voidable contracts, invalidity, grounds for voiding
Phytomelioration of the south-eastern layer of the Great Caucasus, ruptured-broken mountain brown soils (on the example of the Shamakhinsky district)
Authors:   AMEA Torpaqşünaslıq və Aqrokimya İnstitutu, Cəlal oğlu Xəlilov Fərrux , Fərahim qızı Süleymanova Fəridə ,   MEA Torpaqşünaslıq və Aqrokimya İnstitutu
Published: April 2021

The article describes the southeastern slope of the Greater Caucasus - Shemakhan region, The results of field and laboratory analysis of soil samples taken from "less disturbed" and "moderately eroded" areas of pastures and pastures in the village of Gizmeidan were discussed, and accurate information on their physiccochemical characteristics was given. After studying the current state of the soil and vegetation of these territories, phyto-reclamation measures were carried out using perennial grasses and mineral fertilizers in the "moderately eroded" territories. Depending on the results of the various options, the farm was given appropriate recommendations. Therefore, it is very important to study ways to increase the productivity of arable land provided to legal entities and individuals using this territory, to provide them with scientific, scientific and methodological assistance in applying the necessary agrotechnical and phytomeliorative control measures. Key words:landscape, land, forest, degradation, erosion, climate, relief, anthropogenic factor, hashtag, fertilizer, pasture, humus, food elements, productivity
THE POSİTION OF WOMEN IN THE WORLD
Authors:   Baku State University, Sadaqat Aliyeva Mammadova Gunel
Published: April 2021

It is no secret today that gender development and the empowerment of women are important aspects for women in decision-making, as well as for their presence in leadership positions. Unfortunately, no country in the world has yet managed to achieve full equality between the sexes. Iceland came closest to this, closing 88% of the gender gap. At the present stage a woman's task is to achieve success in work, career growth, material independence, and only then the status of a wife and mother. Thus, there is a so-called reassessment of values, which in turn leads to a rethinking of the meaning of the family and marital relations in the life of the weaker sex. Women around the world are more at risk of poverty than men and, on average, are less protected and also receive lower wages. The study of this topic is important in the world. Key words: gender, woman, man, stereotypes, world, Islamic, Christian, Jewish, emancipation
Social-epidemiological prerequisites for dysbacteriosises formation of tunica mucosa of mouth
Authors:   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti, Rafael qızı Yusubova Şəhla , Həsən qızı Zeynalova Jalə ,   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti, Əlif qızı Məmmədova Şəfəq ,   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti, İradə qızı İsmayılova Həcər ,   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the study was an exposure of social-epydemiological prerequisites for the dysbacteriosis of mouth's tunica mucosa. It was observed 195 patients, selected according to preventive measures and dental health service appealability. The assay samples (biomaterials) from miscellaneous biotopes of all patients were inspected during the microbiology study by system BMSB (WHO, 1984). As a result of researches it was revealed that most proportion of dysbacterioses accounts for patients living in city centre - 44,7±4,5%. The given index amongst patients with normal microflora was 18,1±4,6%. There was the decrease of sickness rate in pericentre - 30.1±4,2%, in uptowns - 16,3±3,3% and in villages - 8,9±2,6%. For dysbacteriosis formation of a mucous membrane of oral cavity (MMOC) the following social-epidemiological prerequisites had vital importance: a material trouble, unsatisfactory living conditions, residence in polluted by exhausts city centre and the certain social-occupational adaptation. Realization of measures for reduction of activity of the aboved mentioned social-epidemiological prerequisites permits to confine the risk of dysbacteriosis formation of MMOC. Key words: oral cavity, mucous membrane, dysbacteriosis
The issues of style and stylistics in general and Azerbaijani linguistics
Authors:   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti, İbniyəmin qızı Məhərrəmova Xuraman
Published: April 2021

With the development and rise of literary language, different styles emerge. Our literary language operates on the basis of a system of styles and fulfills its social function. In this process, different styles emerge and language influences society through this means. Functional styles, which are a historical category, arose out of historical necessity. They do not stay in one state, they develop and change. Language is a social phenomenon and meaning, and performs certain functions, which also cover various areas of human activity. The diversity of existing ideas and thoughts about the term stylistics also confirms once again that stylistics is a fairly broad field of language. Keywords: literary language, norm, style, functional styles, linguistics
Physical education secondary schools, relations sports, preschool military and biology
Authors:   Gəncə Dövlət Universiteti, İsfəndiyar qızı Sadıqova Günay , Əlixan qızı Quliyeva İlhamə ,   Gəncə Dövlət Universiteti
Published: April 2021

Sport not only makes us healthier, but also gives us a sense of self-confidence. In general, we become more energetic with an active lifestyle, which affects the rejuvenation of cells and metabolism. While some people consider sports to be a duty to protect their health, there are also people who believe that sport is a form of entertainment, because there are many sports that do not require much physical effort. There are no barriers to exercise for a person who is really worried about his health. Healthy upbringing of young people, equipping schoolchildren with medical knowledge has not lost its relevance today as the main task of pedagogical staff. Because our independent republic must be governed by healthy, well-developed and ready young people. By conducting research on the teaching of sports knowledge to students in the teaching of biology, it is to study its content, possibilities, directions, forms and methods, optimal forms of organization, ways and effective work system. Key words: sports lessons, health, anatomy, teaching process, extracurricular, interest, favorable conditions, application of new learning technologies, quality of education, family, educational institutions, secondary schools, universities
The effect of family and environment on the students' acquisition of reading habits
Authors:   Mingəçevir Dövlət Universiteti, Mirzəli qızı Məmmədova Rahilə
Published: April 2021

Kitab elə bir zəmidir ki, ondan hamı yesə də qurtarmaz Nizami Gəncəvi Reading plays an important role in the development of everyone as a person. Thus, through reading, people can further increase their worldview, life experience, morality, knowledge and skills, and the ability to speak. It is important for an individual to understand himself, his surroundings and the world, and to acquire the habit of reading. The child sees the world in the family, so the environment in which the child is first brought up is the family and parents. Since families are the first collective to influence the mental and physical development of children, their spiritual, cultural and moral qualities are also formed here for the first time. Along with all this, the child's acquisition of reading skills is closely related, first of all, to the efforts of teachers and the media, followed by the family. Since fiction books also give children a broader understanding of the world, they can be linked to a variety of topics in textbooks. Keywords: family, environment, student, reading, reading habits
Analysis of political and legal aspects of international protection of refugees and internally displaced persons
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Universiteti, Fuad qızı Nəsirova Kəmalə
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of political aspects of international protection of refugees and internally displaced persons in the system of international relations. If we look at our recent history, we can see that in fact, in the modern system of international relations, the factors that determine the international protection of refugees and internally displaced persons are political elements, political causes and threats, as well as international political and military security. Therefore, the article touches on the issue of ensuring both the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan and the violated rights of refugees and internally displaced persons through counter-attack operations of Azerbaijan in September-November 2020. Key words: refugees and IDPs, international protection of refugees and IDPs, migration
A LOOK AT THE HEROES OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE'S "HAMLET" TRAGEDY
Authors:   Agjabadi branch of ADPU, Musa Rzayeva Leyla
Published: April 2021

William Shakespeare is the most famous writer in England. He was a great poet and playwright. In his works, he wrote about the eternal problems that afflict people: life and death, love, loyalty and betrayal. Therefore, Shakespeare's works, especially tragedies, are popular today. In the tragedy Hamlet, William Shakespeare reworked the plot of a medieval legend and an old English legend about Prince Hamlet, describing in depth the tragedy of humanism in the modern world. Prince Hamlet of Denmark is a humanist figure facing a world hostile to humanism. The spread of evil in society has a negative effect on Hamlet, causing him to become frustrated with his lack of strength. Man and the world are not accepted as they used to be. Thus, Hamlet faces a random crime, not a single enemy, but an entire hostile society, and it is his far-sighted philosophical thinking that makes him feel powerless in the fight against evil. The content of the "Hamlet" tragedy was inspired by the social conditions of England at that time, but its significance went far beyond the borders of one country and one historical period. The picture of oppression and lies, especially oppression, has long been true. This is the interest of Hamlet, who has been fighting alone against evil and injustice for centuries. Key words: Shakespeare, Hamlet, tragedy, murder, love, romance, cruelty, nobility, life, death
NOTES ON THE LIFE AND WORK OF ERNEST HEMINGWAY
Authors:   Agjabadi branch of ADPU, Musa Jafarova Sevil
Published: April 2021

Ernest Hemingway was an American novelist and short story writer and journalist. His real name is Ernest Miller Hemingway. He is a Nobel and Pulitzer Prize-winning writer. He wrote his first articles in the school newspaper. In 1917, America was slowly joining World War I.Heminquey immediately enlisted in the army, but was not accepted because his left eye was weak. A year later, he entered the Red Crescent and volunteered to drive an ambulance. He was wounded in an explosion near the war, carrying an Italian soldier on his shoulder while he was wounded, and was wounded in the leg. After that, he was declared a hero in Italy and received the "Silver Medal of Honor". While in treatment in Milan, he fell in love with a nurse, and this love led him to write a masterpiece - "Goodbye, guns." Heminquey wrote mainly about his life experiences. This can be seen in "Goodbye, weapons". The writer, who reached the peak of his career with "Who the bells are ringing for", continued his life by participating in wars. Key words: famous writer, Chicago, Nobel laureate, author of short stories, story, old man, sea
Miniature art and its development characteristics in Azerbaijan
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət Mədəniyyət və İncəsənət Universiteti, Batil qızı Sadıqova Aytac
Published: April 2021

The history of miniature art dates back to ancient times. This art in itself combines many fields of art. One of the main characteristics of miniature art is the ability to describe the events in the books in the form of plots. In this field, more Tabriz artists have managed to create unique pearls of art. The unique specimens created by the masters of Tabriz are now kept in various museums and private collections around the world. Each of these preserved specimens has its own aesthetic and artistic value. The article thoroughly analyzes their general artistic characteristics. Key words: Miniature, development, formation, color, shape, effect, composition
İssues of assessing the investment climate in Azerbaijan
Authors:   Azərbaycan Turizm və Menecment Universiteti, Rövşən qızı Baxşəliyeva Aysel
Published: April 2021

Our country, which is constantly developing economically and carrying out political reforms in parallel, thereby achieving a further increase in its international prestige. One of the important factors contributing to the regular strengthening of Azerbaijan's position in the international arena is the growing role of our country in the field of energy security, as well as its active investment policy. At present, our country is becoming one of the most advanced potential investors in the world. The number of foreign countries expecting to invest in Azerbaijan is constantly growing. Azerbaijan, which has great financial resources, has been investing in various foreign countries in recent years, provided that its interests are ensured. Key words: investment activity, economic assessment, dynamic indicators, economic indicators
International criminal court as an international judical body acting on a complementary basis
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universiteti, Fərhad oğlu Qəyayev Nihad
Published: April 2021

The functioning of the International Criminal Court is carried out on the basis of the principle of complementarity. Thus, in the Preamble and Article 1 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court explicitly states that “the International Criminal Court….complements the national criminal justice authorities”. The principle of complementarity is revealed in Art. 17-20 of the Statute. This article discusses the algorithm and the criteria for evaluating the performance of the complementarity based on the analysis of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Statute), the Rules of Procedure and Evidence (2000), the Policy Paper on Case Selection and Prioritisations of 2016, the Policy Paper Preliminary Examinations of 2013. Key words: International Criminal Court, principle of complementarity, Rome Statute, international crime, state sovereignty, criminal law jurisdiction, international criminal law, principles of criminal procedure
Arabic at the Landmark of al-Irsyad Educational Institution (Competence, Cultural Identity & Religious Attitude)
Authors: Umam Mustolikh Khabibul
Published: April 2021

The paper focused on the educational institution of al-Irsyad Tengaran which emphasizes the learning process in Arabic. It is among Arabic competence, social identity and religious attitudes become the reason why Pesantren educational institutions are still existing and developing in some parts of Indonesia. As Islamic pesantren they also prioritize teachings based on purification of Islam free from heresy, superstition and khurafat. This research is a qualitative research method, that can be expected to produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from a number of people and observable behavior. While the approach used is a communicative approach that is an approach with the aim of making communicative competencies as the goal of language learning. In the process of data analysis, there are three main components that must be understood and understood by each researcher. The three components are data reduction, data presentation, and inference or verification. The first step is to standardize arabic competencies that are needed as an evaluation material for their teachers to see how far the students have mastered the Arabic language material that has been taught. it will continue with the development of their way of thinking in the community through the implementation of da'wah training spread in the community as a place to prove their identity as santri al-Irsyad who uphold their educational institutions. The cultural identity that is built will shape their religious attitudes in the society since has been the beginning of Islam echo that is free from religious rituals containing heresy, superstition and khurafat. From these components will form a reason why Arabic is particularly important in the progress and development of educational institutions that have the slogan of restoring the glory of Islam through Arabic.
Al-Khalīlayn dalam Romantisme Sastra Arab
Authors: Haikal Yusuf
Published: April 2021

This article aims to provide an overview of romanticism in Arabic literature, in particular through two important figures in this school. important in the foundation and development of romanticism in Arabic literature. The method used in this article is descriptive qualitative and literature study. This study also uses the technique of observing and taking notes in data collection. From the discussion it can be concluded that the flow of romanticism is one of the popular streams that first appeared in the 18th century in Europe and entered the Arab region at the beginning of the 20th century. The entry of romanticism into the Arab world was pioneered by Khalīl Muthran. Apart from Khalīl Muthran, there is another Arabic literary figure who popularized this romanticism, namely Khalīl Gibran. These two Khalīls were important figures in the emergence and development of romanticism in Arabic literature. This can be seen from the life history of both of them who both studied literature in western countries. In addition, the works produced by these two figures show a strong romantic style, which strengthens the character of the two in Arabic literary romanticism