bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The benefits of collaborative Content Representation (CoRe) design with experts for early career secondary teachers in science and technology
Authors: Hume Anne , Earnes Chris , Williams John
Published: July 2020

This article reports on a study, funded by the Teaching and Learning Research Initiative (TLRI), which addressed the key area of early career teacher education. The study researched the construction and use of a CoRe (Content Representation) as a planning tool to develop the professional knowledge bases of early career secondary teachers in science and technology. The study was designed to examine whether a CoRe, co-designed by a team of early career teachers and content and teaching specialists, can support and accelerate the professional learning of early career science and technology secondary teachers, and enhance student learning outcomes in schools.
The challenge and value of learning and teaching in the arts
Authors: Fraser Deborah
Published: July 2020

Literacy and numeracy are high-stakes, and we do our students a disservice if we do not grow their capabilities in these areas. However, we also do them an immense disservice if we ignore their creative, imaginative, and artistic abilities. Not only do the arts contribute to student learning in other areas of the curriculum, they have innate benefits and teach us things that cannot be learnt from other disciplines. How we teach the arts is also significant. Too much emphasis on narrow skills perpetuates a dull, instrumental outcome and erodes quality. The arts require the purposeful teaching used in effective pedagogy with attention to the scaffolding of skills, exploratory play, idea development, honing of precision, and imaginative expression. The arts also offer inclusive contexts for engaging all students given the embodied ways of knowing privileged in the arts. Moreover, the arts readily engage the wider school community and are enriched by community involvement. The contribution of the arts to our students places beauty, imagination, and creativity at the centre of education.
How do teachers use picture books to draw on the cultural and linguistic diversity in their classrooms?
Authors: Blakeney-Williams Marilyn , Daly Nicola
Published: July 2020

Picture books are ubiquitous in Western early childhood and primary settings. This article explores how picture books are being used in culturally and linguistically diverse settings, by describing and exploring the practice of two New Zealand teachers who use picture books extensively in their classrooms. Findings from interviews, observations, reflections, and collaborative workshops indicate the power of picture books within a diverse classroom population and the importance of several factors: the personal resonance of picture book selection, exploration of language structures and vocabulary, and the importance of using group work in activities across the curriculum in response to picture books.
BUILDING INSTITUTIONAL SYNERGICITY ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN ACEH
Authors: Syahputra Hendra , Nivada Aryos
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: This study attempted to discuss and develop concepts for the Aceh Disaster Management Agency (BPBA) to maximize their capacity in performing their function and task in any disaster management activities in Aceh Province.

Methodology: In this study, literature reviews and semi-structured interviews were adopted to obtain information regarding the implementation of disaster management in Aceh and the performance of BPBA. In total, there are 26 interviewees, consisting of top management elements in BPBA and its main stakeholders, such as the government of Aceh, research centers, search and rescue team (SAR), the military, etc.

Main Findings: This paper revealed that the implementation of disaster management activities in Aceh is still weak especially concerning the management structure of BPBA and coordination that have to be carried out with related stakeholders.

Applications of this study: The proposed concepts in this paper are expected to be fruitful inputs for BPBA in performing and synergizing their risk reduction activities with other related parties for a better disaster management implementation in Aceh Province.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Even though Aceh is one of the most disaster-prone areas in Indonesia, to the best of the author's knowledge, there are no researchers who discuss and study the importance of building institutional synergy for disaster management so far.
Finding Minimum Distance on Birkhoff-James Orthogonality in Banach Space
Authors: Hariyanto Susilo , Udjiani Titi , Sagala Yuri C , Fadil Muhammad Rafid
Published: July 2020

In this paper we define orthogonality concept on Banach space. That is called Birkhoff-Jamesorthogonality. Some new problem about the correlation of orthogonality between Hilbert space and Birkhoff-James were discussed. Correlation investigated by using particular norm. In other side, correlation of minimum distance in Banach space and Birkhoff-James orthogonality also discussed, by generalizing minimum distance in Hilbert space
Experiência Vivida
Authors: Garbuio Maria Emília Martins da Silva
Published: July 2020

O processo de pesquisa de uma tese de doutorado demanda esforços significativos por parte do pesquisador, que precisa aplicar seus conhecimentos com criatividade, inovação e sistematização, ponto crucial da ciência. De outro lado, o objeto de estudo deve instigá-lo a ampliar seu campo de análise e também, de percepção. Isso se conquista, dentre outras possibilidades, com o envolvimento da comunidade na investigação, em sua participação ativa e, por meio de incursões profundas acerca do fenômeno social analisado. Por fim, sustenta-se e reafirma-se o papel proeminente da academia, que é contribuir para a qualidade de vida das pessoas, e por isso, todo conhecimento gerado com sua participação deve, involuntariamente, retornar na forma de diagnóstico, soluções e co-criações. É o que se apresenta neste relato de experiência.
Enabling Accurate Indoor Localization Using a Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Abbas Haidar Abdulrahman , Ghafoor Kayhan Zrar
Published: July 2020

In this paper, fingerprint referencing methods based on wireless fidelity Wi-Fi received signal strength (RSS) have used for indoor positioning. More precisely, Naïve Bayes, decision tree (DT), and support vector machine (SVM) one-to-one multi-classes and error-correcting-output-codes classifier are to enable accurate indoor positioning. Then, normalization is used to reduce positioning error by reducing the fluctuation and diverse distribution of the RSS values. Different devices are used in this experiment; the training dataset is not included in the main dataset. Nonetheless, the learned model by the SVM algorithm cannot be affected by the elimination of train datasets of the test device. The efficiency of DT is lower than the other machine learning algorithms, because it performs by Boolean function, and it provides the low accuracy of prediction for dataset than the algorithms. Naïve Bayes technique based on Bayes Theorem is better than DT and close to SVM for positioning approves that 1–1.5 m positioning accuracy for indoor environments can be achieved by the proposed approach which is an excellent result than traditional protocol.
Nonprofessional Peer Support to Improve Mental Health: Randomized Trial of a Scalable Web-Based Peer Counseling Course
Authors: Bernecker Samantha L , Williams Joseph Jay , Caporale-Berkowitz Norian A , Wasil Akash R , Constantino Michael J
Published: July 2020

Background

Millions of people worldwide are underserved by the mental health care system. Indeed, most mental health problems go untreated, often because of resource constraints (eg, limited provider availability and cost) or lack of interest or faith in professional help. Furthermore, subclinical symptoms and chronic stress in the absence of a mental illness diagnosis often go unaddressed, despite their substantial health impact. Innovative and scalable treatment delivery methods are needed to supplement traditional therapies to fill these gaps in the mental health care system.

Objective

This study aims to investigate whether a self-guided web-based course can teach pairs of nonprofessional peers to deliver psychological support to each other.

Methods

In this experimental study, a community sample of 30 dyads (60 participants, mostly friends), many of whom presented with mild to moderate psychological distress, were recruited to complete a web-based counseling skills course. Dyads were randomized to either immediate or delayed access to training. Before and after training, dyads were recorded taking turns discussing stressors. Participants’ skills in the helper role were assessed before and after taking the course: the first author and a team of trained research assistants coded recordings for the presence of specific counseling behaviors. When in the client role, participants rated the session on helpfulness in resolving their stressors and supportiveness of their peers. We hypothesized that participants would increase the use of skills taught by the course and decrease the use of skills discouraged by the course, would increase their overall adherence to the guidelines taught in the course, and would perceive posttraining counseling sessions as more helpful and their peers as more supportive.

Results

The course had large effects on most helper-role speech behaviors: helpers decreased total speaking time, used more restatements, made fewer efforts to influence the speaker, and decreased self-focused and off-topic utterances (ds=0.8-1.6). When rating the portion of the session in which they served as clients, participants indicated that they made more progress in addressing their stressors during posttraining counseling sessions compared with pretraining sessions (d=1.1), but they did not report substantive changes in feelings of closeness and supportiveness of their peers (d=0.3).

Conclusions

The results provide proof of concept that nonprofessionals can learn basic counseling skills from a scalable web-based course. The course serves as a promising model for the development of web-based counseling skills training, which could provide accessible mental health support to some of those underserved by traditional psychotherapy.
Measuring Heart Rate Variability in Free-Living Conditions Using Consumer-Grade Photoplethysmography: Validation Study
Authors: Lam Emily , Aratia Shahrose , Wang Julian , Tung James
Published: July 2020

Background

Heart rate variability (HRV) is used to assess cardiac health and autonomic nervous system capabilities. With the growing popularity of commercially available wearable technologies, the opportunity to unobtrusively measure HRV via photoplethysmography (PPG) is an attractive alternative to electrocardiogram (ECG), which serves as the gold standard. PPG measures blood flow within the vasculature using color intensity. However, PPG does not directly measure HRV; it measures pulse rate variability (PRV). Previous studies comparing consumer-grade PRV with HRV have demonstrated mixed results in short durations of activity under controlled conditions. Further research is required to determine the efficacy of PRV to estimate HRV under free-living conditions.

Objective

This study aims to compare PRV estimates obtained from a consumer-grade PPG sensor with HRV measurements from a portable ECG during unsupervised free-living conditions, including sleep, and examine factors influencing estimation, including measurement conditions and simple editing methods to limit motion artifacts.

Methods

A total of 10 healthy adults were recruited. Data from a Microsoft Band 2 and a Shimmer3 ECG unit were recorded simultaneously using a smartphone. Participants wore the devices for >90 min during typical day-to-day activities and while sleeping. After filtering, ECG data were processed using a combination of discrete wavelet transforms and peak-finding methods to identify R-R intervals. P-P intervals were edited for deletion using methods based on outlier detection and by removing sections affected by motion artifacts. Common HRV metrics were compared, including mean N-N, SD of N-N intervals, percentage of subsequent differences >50 ms (pNN50), root mean square of successive differences, low-frequency power (LF), and high-frequency power. Validity was assessed using root mean square error (RMSE) and Pearson correlation coefficient (R2).

Results

Data sets for 10 days and 9 corresponding nights were acquired. The mean RMSE was 182 ms (SD 48) during the day and 158 ms (SD 67) at night. R2 ranged from 0.00 to 0.66, with 2 of 19 (2 nights) trials considered moderate, 7 of 19 (2 days, 5 nights) fair, and 10 of 19 (8 days, 2 nights) poor. Deleting sections thought to be affected by motion artifacts had a minimal impact on the accuracy of PRV measures. Significant HRV and PRV differences were found for LF during the day and R-R, SDNN, pNN50, and LF at night. For 8 of the 9 matched day and night data sets, R2 values were higher at night (P=.08). P-P intervals were less sensitive to rapid R-R interval changes.

Conclusions

Owing to overall poor concurrent validity and inconsistency among participant data, PRV was found to be a poor surrogate for HRV under free-living conditions. These findings suggest that free-living HRV measurements would benefit from examining alternate sensing methods, such as multiwavelength PPG and wearable ECG.
Experiences of Serving and Ex-Serving Members With the PTSD Coach Australia App: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Shakespeare-Finch Jane , Alichniewicz Karolina K , Strodl Esben , Brown Kelly , Quinn Catherine , Hides Leanne , White Angela , Gossage Gabrial , Poerio Loretta , Batras Dimitri , Jackson Samantha , Styles Jess , Kavanagh David
Published: July 2020

Background

PTSD Coach Australia is an app for serving and ex-serving defense members and was adapted for the Australian context in 2013 from PTSD Coach, which was created in the United States.

Objective

This study aimed to provide a user-centered evaluation of the app from the perspective of serving and ex-serving members of the Australian Defence Force.

Methods

Qualitative data were collected in response to questions to participants in 1 of 5 workshops (n=29) or in telephone interviews (n=24). Quantitative data were collected using the user version of Mobile Apps Rating Scale (uMARS).

Results

Analysis of the qualitative data demonstrated mixed support for the app. While some people found it extremely useful, especially as an adjunct to therapy, others pointed out limitations and cautioned against the app potentially triggering symptoms in people with PTSD. This perceived risk was usually found to stem from frustration with the app’s functionality rather than its content. Participants spoke about the helpful and unhelpful aspects of the app and barriers to its use and made suggestions for improvement. Many participants encouraged its continued use and highlighted the need for it to be promoted more broadly, as many were not aware of it until they were invited to participate in this research.

Conclusions

PTSD Coach Australia was seen in a positive light by some participants, but others thought it had too much text and the potential to trigger a traumatic response in users with PTSD. A need to update the app was also a common comment as was the need to increase awareness of the app’s existence.
A Digital Health Intervention for Weight Management for Latino Families Living in Rural Communities: Perspectives and Lessons Learned During Development
Authors: Yin Zenong , Errisuriz Vanessa L , Evans Martin , Inupakutika Devasena , Kaghyan Sahak , Li Shiyu , Esparza Laura , Akopian David , Parra-Medina Deborah
Published: July 2020

Rural residents face numerous challenges in accessing quality health care for management of chronic diseases (eg, obesity, diabetes), including scarcity of health care services and insufficient public transport. Digital health interventions, which include modalities such as internet, smartphones, and monitoring sensors, may help increase rural residents’ access to health care. While digital health interventions have become an increasingly popular intervention strategy to address obesity, research examining the use of technological tools for obesity management among rural Latino populations is limited. In this paper, we share our experience developing a culturally tailored, interactive health intervention using digital technologies for a family-oriented, weight management program in a rural, primarily Latino community. We describe the formative research that guided the development of the intervention, discuss the process of developing the intervention technologies including issues of privacy and data security, examine the results of a pilot study, and share lessons learned. Our experience can help others design user-centered digital health interventions to engage underserved populations in the uptake of healthy lifestyle and disease management skills.
COVID-19 Mortality Underreporting in Brazil: Analysis of Data From Government Internet Portals
Authors: Veiga e Silva Lena , de Andrade Abi Harb Maria Da Penha , Teixeira Barbosa dos Santos Aurea Milene , de Mattos Teixeira Carlos André , Macedo Gomes Vitor Hugo , Silva Cardoso Evelin Helena , S da Silva Marcelino , Vijaykumar N L , Venâncio Carvalho Solon , Ponce de Leon Ferreira de Carvalho André , Lisboa Frances Carlos Renato
Published: July 2020

Background

In Brazil, a substantial number of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and deaths have been reported. It has become the second most affected country worldwide, as of June 9, 2020. Official Brazilian government sources present contradictory data on the impact of the disease; thus, it is possible that the actual number of infected individuals and deaths in Brazil is far larger than those officially reported. It is very likely that the actual spread of the disease has been underestimated.

Objective

This study investigates the underreporting of cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in the most affected cities in Brazil, based on public data available from official Brazilian government internet portals, to identify the actual impact of the pandemic.

Methods

We used data from historical deaths due to respiratory problems and other natural causes from two public portals: DATASUS (Department of Informatics of the Unified Healthcare System) (2010-2018) and the Brazilian Transparency Portal of Civil Registry (2019-2020). These data were used to build time-series models (modular regressions) to predict the expected mortality patterns for 2020. The forecasts were used to estimate the possible number of deaths that were incorrectly registered during the pandemic and posted on government internet portals in the most affected cities in the country.

Results

Our model found a significant difference between the real and expected values. The number of deaths due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was considerably higher in all cities, with increases between 493% and 5820%. This sudden increase may be associated with errors in reporting. An average underreporting of 40.68% (range 25.9%-62.7%) is estimated for COVID-19–related deaths.

Conclusions

The significant rates of underreporting of deaths analyzed in our study demonstrate that officially released numbers are much lower than actual numbers, making it impossible for the authorities to implement a more effective pandemic response. Based on analyses carried out using different fatality rates, it can be inferred that Brazil’s epidemic is worsening, and the actual number of infectees could already be between 1 to 5.4 million.
Impact of Implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) System on Improving Performance at the Cooperative of State Employees (CSE) in Lebanon
Authors: Ayash Abbass M. , El-Mousawi Prof. Hasan , Younis Dr. Joumana
Published: July 2020

The Total Quality Management System (TQM) is an integrated management approach that aims to continuously improve the performance of services and exceed the expectations of associates. The study aimed at determining the impact of the application of the Total Quality Management (TQM) system in improving performance in the Cooperative of State Employees (CSE) in Lebanon. The study also aimed at building a conceptual framework that can be used as a guide in formulating an effective approach that enables high management in the Cooperative of State Employees (CSE) to successfully implement a Total Quality Management (TQM) system. The study sample consisted of employees in the Cooperative of State Employees (CSE). To verify the study hypotheses, a five-point Likert style questionnaire was constructed and distributed among the sample to measure and reveal the impact of implementing the TQM system on improving the performance of the CSE. The results of the study showed that implementing the TQM system has a critical role in improving the financial performance of the CSE, while it has no impact of significance on improving managerial performance at the CSE.
Production response in dairy cows milked two or three times a day: A meta-analysis
Authors: Sanchez-Duarte Juan Isidro , Garcia Alvaro , Rodríguez-Hernández Karla , Reta-Sánchez David G. , Salinas-Gonzalez Homero , Ochoa-Martínez Esmeralda , Reyes-González Arturo
Published: July 2020

The objective was to evaluate the effects of two (2×) vs three (3×) times per day milking on milk production and milk composition in dairy cows. Fourteen scientific papers, containing production data from 16 trials, where dairy cows were milked 2× or 3×, were analysed using meta-analysis with fixed and random-effects with the R statistical program. The degree of heterogeneity and publication bias were measured with the I2 statistic and Begg’s test, respectively. In addition, the meta-regression analysis explored other sources of heterogeneity for the response. The estimated effect size of 2× and 3× milkings was calculated for dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, and milk composition. Dry matter intake, milk production, and milk fat and protein yields showed substantial heterogeneity (I2>50%). Whereas milk fat-percentage had moderate heterogeneity (I2<50%), and milk protein had no (I2=0%)heterogeneity. The year of publication, trial duration, and cattle breed did not influence production response parameters to milking frequency. We found no evidence of publication bias for the parameters evaluated (Begg’s test; P>.05). Cows milked 2× produced less milk (2.23 kg/d), less milk fat (0.06kg/d), and less milk protein (0.05 kg/d). In contrast, the fat percentage was lower (0.07 units) in 3×, compared with 2× milking frequency. There was no effect of milking frequency on DMI and milk protein percentage. In conclusion, milk production and milk fat and protein yields improves as milking frequency increase from 2× to 3× daily, without affecting DMI. The implementation of 3× milking frequency must consider dairy cow management, labor, and milking parlour infrastructure, particular to each dairy farm.
Blood cell morphometry of wild Gopherus flavomarginatus (Bolson tortoises) in the Chihuahuan desert
Authors: García-De la Peña Cristina , Rodríguez-Vivas Roger Ivan , Zegbe-Domínguez Jorge A. , Valenzuela-Núñez Luis M , Meza-Herrera Cesar A. , Siller-Rodríguez Quetzaly Karmy
Published: July 2020

Morphometric characteristics of blood cells were examined in 44 (16 males, 28 females) Bolson tortoises (Gopherus flavomarginatus) in Mapimí, Mexico. Blood samples were drawn from the subcarapacial vein, and smear stains were used to differentiate and measure the diameter and surface area of cells. Mature and polychromatophilic erythrocytes were identified, as well as five types of leukocytes (lymphocytes, heterophils, eosinophils, basophils and monocytes), and thrombocytes. The shape and color of G. flavomarginatus blood cells were similar to those reported for the G. agassizii, and G. polyphemus species. Blood cell sizes fitted related data from other reptile species. The information generated in this study can help monitor the health status of G. flavomarginatus individuals in the wild, thus advancing efforts to protect this endangered species.
Implementation of laparoscopy and thoracoscopy in small animal practice following an intensive training course
Authors: Enciso Silvia , Díaz-Güemes Idoia , Fernández-Tomé Blanca , Moreno-Naranjo Belén , Sánchez-Hurtado Miguel ángel , Correa-Martín Laura , Sánchez-Fernández Javier , Pérez-Merino Eva M. , Usón-Casaús Jesús M , Sánchez-Margallo Francisco M
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to assess trainee perceptions regarding the usefulness of an intensive hands-on minimally invasive surgery (MIS) training, as well as the subsequent implementation experience. An online questionnaire was emailed to 110 small animal veterinarians who attended the course between 2007 and 2017. The questionnaire comprised three sections: general attendee information, questions pertaining to the received laparoscopic and thoracoscopic training, and finally enquiries on cumulative post-training and current MIS practice. Forty-five veterinarians answered the questionnaire. Most respondents had prior laparoscopy and/or thoracoscopy experience (95.2 %), but close to half (46.7 %), modified their clinical practice as a result of the training. Seventy-five percent of the totally inexperienced participants started practicing MIS within two years of attending the course. A large proportion of respondents indicated their need for additional training for more advanced laparoscopy (71.1%) and thoracoscopy (77.8%) procedures. Accordingly, the main difficulty found by respondents regarding MIS implementation was insufficient training (37.8%). The most frequently encountered difficulty during procedures was bleeding (46.7%), while the most feared complication was related to anesthesia (31.1%). Ovariectomy and ovariohysterectomy were the most frequently performed minimally invasive procedures in trainee working centers. MIS training promotes the introduction of laparoscopy and thoracoscopy into clinical practice and expands the type of surgeries performed with these approaches. Nonetheless, a single intensive program does not comply with the diverse training needs of small animal practitioners.
Aprendizagem do diálogo nas tecituras entre vida, formação e trabalho docente
Authors: Costa Elisangela André da Silva , Lima Maria Socorro Lucena
Published: July 2020

No contexto da sociedade contemporânea, de onde emergem políticas educacionais pautadas no neoliberalismo, tornam-se comuns práticas educativas assentadas numa racionalidade técnica que reduz os horizontes formativos à perspectiva bancária, visando resultados quantitativos. Neste cenário, surgem desafios políticos, epistemológicos e pedagógicos que afetam diretamente a formação, a vida e o trabalho dos professores, sobretudo no que se refere ao diálogo que tem se tornado, cada vez mais difícil e necessário. Este estudo objetiva discutir fundamentos, temas e desafios da dialogicidade na formação docente. Metodologicamente utiliza a abordagem qualitativa, analisando relatos autobiográficos produzidos por professores de uma escola pública cearense. Foram identificados desafios de aprendizagem do diálogo e o reconhecimento deste como possibilidade de construção de uma educação crítica e emancipatória que oportunize ao docente reconhecer-se como autor de sua história e de sua profissão.
Research on Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali in the Russian Federation at the End of the 20th Century and the Beginning of the 21th Century
Authors: Nasyrov I. R.
Published: July 2020

This part completes the exposition of the state of research on the thought of Abu Hamid al- Ghazali (1058–1111), the greatest Islamic jurist and theologian, which started in the first part of the present paper. This part describes the main approaches to al- Ghazali’s heritage, developed by Russian scholars at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21th century. The author demonstrates that Russian scholars during the aforementioned period conducted a comprehensive analysis of some important parts of al- Ghazali’s philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology and ethics. The author summaries the results of their studies on al- Ghazali’s social and political thought. Moreover, this part of the article examines studies on al- Ghazali’s logic carried out by Russian scholars. The author outlines specific directions for future research on al- Ghazali’s philosophy and theology.
The Islamic Factor in the Development of Modern Scotland: Political and Socio-Cultural Aspects
Authors: Tyurin E. A. , Savinova E. N. , Agababov A. R.
Published: July 2020

The subject field of this article, devoted to the manifestation of the Islamic factor in the socio- political life of the Great Britain, is localized within the borders of Scotland. The authors emphasize the special (different from other regions of the UK) nature of the interaction of the Muslim ethno- confessional minority with the indigenous population of Scotland. Most attention is paid to the identity of Scottish Muslims. The article highlights that Scotland demonstrates its winning position for Muslims through the development of an inclusive identity. The authors make a prognostic conclusion that Scotland will maintain a policy of affirming common civic values that ensure the pluralism of various socio- cultural communities. According to the authors, the future of Scotland is a post-ethnic, transcultural socio- political state- organized space in which British-wide tensions between Muslims and non- Muslims will gradually decrease, and the Scottish tradition of equality and social justice will be strengthened.
Information and Communication Technologies Concerning the Online Education Course “Islam: History, Culture, Practice”
Authors: Matochkina A. I. , Ulanova D. V.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the use of information and communication technologies in the training of specialists with in-depth knowledge of the history and culture of Islam at the Faculty of Asian and African Studies of St. Petersburg State University using the example of the online course “Islam: history, culture, practice”. It is used both by students to consolidate and deepen their knowledge in the framework of the educational process, and by a wide audience to get acquainted with the basics of Islam and understand the peculiarities of the existence of this religion. In addition, the article touches on the prospects of using massive open online courses in the Russian education system, since distance and e-learning are gradually becoming an addition to traditional forms of teaching. The active production of online courses allows to talk about their use in order to increase the competence of the student, modernize the educational process, popularizing scientific knowledge and increasing the target audience.
“Mother of the Faithful” and “Lion of Allah” in the Prophetic Tradition and Early History of the Caliphate or Why the Islamic Jama at Disintegrated?
Authors: Asadullin F. A.
Published: July 2020

The problem of disintegration of the Islamic Ummah a long time ago became the one of the most important for the Islamic world and worldview. The wave of violence in the Near and Middle East sharpened some regional conflicts, which have already taken place before. The paper deals with the roots of this conflict atmosphere in the Early Islamic period. As the tradition affirms, the Prophet Muhammad predicted the Ummah to split in 73 sects. Today there exist in any case not less than 73 different Islamic schools, movements and organizations, which mutually and constantly contest their doctrinal authenticity. Moreover, the activity of quasi- Islamic extremist organisations like the ISIS, which is forbidden inside as well as outside the Russian Federation, is quite remarkable. All these factors demonstrate, that from the academic point of view it is actual to critically research the nature of fragmentation and disintegration of Islamic communities through the prism of prophetic legends. This paper is to consider as an attempt to resolve this multidimensional problem.
Humanistic Qurʼanic Studies of Fazlur Rahman
Authors: Mukhetdinov D. V.
Published: July 2020

The present article focuses on explaining F. Rahman’s humanist and historical approach to the Quran. Pakistani thinker criticizes the concept of Quran as “uncreated” as it was established in the Islamic world after the rejection of Mu‘tazila. He states that in this view Quran is separated from the actual history and lives of people and thus cannot become the spiritual guidance it is supposed to be. The author demonstrates that F. Rahman continues the Neomodernist tendency in Islam and creatively employs the ideas of his predecessors. In particular, he does not argue with the revelationist idea of the Quran, but he urges to analyze it in context of historical revelation and consider the situational nature of particular physical articulation of ayahs performed by the Prophet. Author also notes that in order to perform a novel interpretation of Quran F. Rahman has to rethink the traditionalist legalistic ordinances for believers as they are set to regulate life only externally. Rahman also criticizes atomistic method, which implies separation of the Quran and its meaning from all the other Quranic ideas, and strives for holistic method in hermeneutics of Quran. Historical critique applied to the Quran by F. Rahman serves to understand it in its historicity, and in doing so clarifies the embodiment of universal ethical concepts in particular instances.
Penerapan Pendidikan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Melalui Metode Inkuiri Terhadap Sikap Dan Perilaku Siswa Pada Materi Pencemaran Dan Kerusakan Lingkungan Di SMP Negeri 6 Banda Aceh
Authors: Elsa Femilia , Khairil Khairil , Yunus Yuswar
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dan sikap siswa serta hubungan sikap siswa dan hasil belajar siswa dengan penerapan pendidikan karakter peduli lingkungan melalui metode inkuiri pada materi pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan di SMP Negeri 6 Banda Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan jumlah sampel 25 siswa, untuk mengetahui aspek pemahaman (kognitif) menggunakan Ngain dan uji t, sedangkan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemahaman dan sikap, serta sikap dan perilaku digunakan uji korelasi Product Moment pada taraf nyata= 0,05. Hasil penelitian pada kelas eksperimen diketahui bahwa pada aspek kemampuan kognitif siswa (nilai) dalam pemahaman konsep terjadi peningkatan Korelasi pemahaman dan sikap siswa memiliki hubungan yang cukup. Korelasi sikap dan perilaku memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan pendidikan karakter peduli lingkungan dengan menggunakan metode inkuiri dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan menyebabkan perubahan sikap dan perilaku siswa sehingga menjadi sadar dan peduli lingkungan pada konsep pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan di SMP Negeri 6 Banda Aceh.

Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Metode Inkuiri, Sikap dan Perilaku

This study aims at determining the increase of studentsâ€™ learning outcomes and attitudes, and also the relations between studentsâ€™ attitudes and studentsâ€™ learning outcomes after implementating environmental care character education through inquiry method in the concept of pollution and environmental damage at SMPN 6 Banda Aceh. This study used experimental method with the sample of 25 students. The improvement analysis was using N-gain and t-test, To determine the relationship between understanding and attitudes, and the attitudes and behavior of the students, the researcher analyzed the data by using product moment correlation on the level of significant 0.05. The results obtained by the experimental class students noted that the aspect of cognitive ability of students (grades) in understanding the concept was increased. The correlation between understanding and attitudes of the students have enough relationship. Meanwhile, the correlation between attitudes and behaviors have a very strong relationship. The conclusion of this research were the implementation of environmental care character education through inquiry methods can improve the understanding of students toward the concept and lead to changes in attitudes and behavior. Students become aware of and concerned about the environment in the concept of pollution and environmental damage.

Keywords: Character Education; Inquiry Method; Student Attitudes; Behavior
Jenis Jamur Kayu Makroskopis Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Biologi (Studi di TNGL Blangjerango Kabupaten Gayo Lues)
Authors: Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis-jenis jamur makroskopis yang terdapat di kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Kecamatan Blangjerango Gayo Lues. Metode yang digunakan observasi dan jelajah yaitu melakukan pengamatan langsung ke lokasi penelitian. Luas daerah penelitian adalah 5 Ha yang dibagi menjadi 5 stasiun dan pada masing-masing stasiun dibuat 10 transek sehingga jumlah transek 50 dengan panjang 100 m, lebar kiri dan kanan 20 m. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 28 spesies jamur terdiri dari 18 genus yaitu Ganoderma, Grifola, Hexagonia, Hirchioporus, Pycnoporus, Tremella, Auricularia, Collybia, Coriolus, Hypholoma, Pleurotus, Phylloporus, Marasmius , Clavaria, Clitocybe, Crepidotus, Rigidoporus, Tremidis, Coriolus, Lactarius, Mycena, Clitocybe, Clitocybula, Pluteus, Pleurotus. Anggota genus yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah genus ganoderma 3 spesies. Dari hasil tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa jamur makroskopis tersebut layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran biologi di sekolah.

Kata Kunci: Identifikasi, Jamur Makroskopis dan Media Pembelajaran biologi.

This research was conducted to investigate the species of wood macroscopic fungi in National Park of Gunung Leuser, Blangjerango Gayo Lues. The methods used were direct observation and survey. The area of research was 5 Ha, divided into 5 stations with 10 transect stations for each. So, the number of transects were 50 transect stations with the length of 100 m, the width of the left and right was 20 m. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The result showed that there were 28 species from 18 genera, namely Ganoderma, Grifola, Hexagonia, Hirchioporus, Pycnoporus, Tremella, Auricularia, Collybia, Coriolus, Hypholoma, Pleurotus, Phylloporus, Marasmius, Clavaria, Clitocybe, Crepidotus, Rigidoporus, Tremidis, Coriolus, Lactarius, Mycena, Clitocybe, Clitocybula, Pluteus, Pleurotus. The most common genera found in the location was 3 species from Ganoderma. It can be concluded that the wood macroscopic fungi in National Park of Gunung Leuser, Blangjerango Gayo Lues is suitable to be used for media in learning biology at school.

Keywords: Macroscopic Fungi, Biology Learning and Media
Penerapan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Pada Konsep Sistem Pernapasan Manusia
Authors: Palestina Siti Maryam Fadhilah , Samingan Samingan , Apriana Evi
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa setelah pembelajaran antara penerapan berbasis masalah dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 4 Bireuen. Metode penelitian adalah metode eksperimen. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 2 kelas yang ditentukan secara cluster random sampling terdiri dari kelas kelas eksperimen (pembelajaran berbasis masalah) dan kelas sebagai kelas kontrol (pembelajaran konvensional). Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan uji-t. Kesimpulan penelitian ini terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis secara signifikan antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran melalui pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pembelajaran konvensional.

Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah, Berpikir Kritis, Sistem Pernapasan Manusia

This research aimed at knowing the difference of studentsâ€™critical thinking ability after learning process by using problem-based learning and conventional learning. This is done at SMAN 4 Bireuen. This research used experimental method. The sample of the research was 2 classess determined by cluster random sampling. The data were analyzed by using t-test. The result showed that there was significant different of studentsâ€™ critical thinking ability between the students taught by using problem-based learning and students taught by using conventional learning.

Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Critical Thinking, Human System Respiratory
Teknologi Daur Ulang Limbah Tekstil Padat yang Dikoleksi dari Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Gampong Jawa Banda Aceh
Authors: Novita Novita
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to recycle a number of textiles solid wastes into a variety of handycrafts. Material of this research were collected from from landfill at Gampong Java in Banda Aceh. A number of selected textile wasteconverted into benefical products by adopted Patchwork technigues at Department of Education and Family Walfare, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Syiah Kuala University. Accuracy for selecting and designing are the most determine aspects for better quality of the products. This recycling program not only reduced environmental pollution by textile solid waste but also and increase incomes of the society as well.
Penggunaan Model Tipe STAD dalam Materi Ajar Sistem Reproduksi di Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim
Published: July 2020

The teacher ability to use instructional model is one of efforts to ease the teaching learning process. Teacher activity to use cooperative learning model with STAD type (students Achievement Division) engage students to participate actively in the classroom. Teacher acts as a facilitator to help students to achieve instructional goals in the concept of human reproductive system. Teachers need to use teaching strategies that facilitate students in following the teaching materials as well as get full information from various sources. Each teacher can manage the classroom as a solid team among students by selecting a heterogenous members of the group from different category such as low level, clever, very clever to work together and to enable them to participate actively in their group. Therefore the model of Cooperative Learning Team Achievement Division can help students and teachers to conduct an active teaching and learning process in the classroom. In the end, it is expected that a heterogenous cooperative group can result to a better learning outcomes in the concept of human reproductive system.
Analisis Kesesuaian Materi Kuliah dengan Materi Praktikum Biologi Bidang Tumbuhan pada Prodi Pendidikan Biologi UIN Ar-Raniry
Authors: Agustina Elita
Published: July 2020

The appropriacy of course content with practicum contents is an effort to reach an optimum instructional goal. The level of appropriacy also reflects the implementation of practicum in the laboratory. Nevertheless, there were still some weaknesses in the practicum implementation such as the practicum was not fully conducted under lecturerâ€™s guidance and direction; The practicum content was irrelevant with the course content; Evaluation and revision was rarely made to the course content and practicum content; the sequence of course content was not suitable with the sequence of practicum content. The aims of this study were to find out the level of appropriacy of course content with the content of biology practicum in the field of plant at biology education department. The methods used in this study were document analysis and descriptive method. The lesson plan of plant course content and also the content of practicum guidance in the field of plant were analyzed by the researcher. The result showed that 1) the level of appropriacy between the plant course content and the content of practicum was 50% and categorized as â€œappropriateâ€; 2) The other plant course content was considered â€œvery appropriateâ€ in terms of course content appropriacy with practicum content in the level of 50%. 3) The level of appropriacy between the sequences of course content with practicum content was 50% and categorized as â€œappropriateâ€. While another 50% was categorized as â€œvery appropriateâ€. It can be concluded that the level of appropriacy of course content with the content of biology practicum in the field of plant at biology education department of UIN Ar-Raniry was categorized by â€œvery appropriateâ€ and â€œappropriateâ€.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa pada Konsep Pencemaran Lingkungan di SMP
Authors: Umara Cut Zaitun , Nurmaliah Cut , Khairil Khairil
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to improve science processing skills of students of SMPN 8 Banda Aceh in the concept of pollution and environmental degradation by using project-based learning. An experimental method with pretest-posttest control group design was used in this study. The population was all students of class VII SMPN 8 Banda Aceh which consisted of 5 classes with total number was 130 students. The samples were selected by using simple random sampling technique. There were 44 students from VII-1 acted as control group and class VII-2 acted as experimental group. The data were gathered by using pre-test and post-test. The research instruments used were essay questions to measure science processing skills, studentâ€™s work sheet, and work assessmentâ€™s rubrics based on science processing skills. The data then analyzed by calculating the post-test and pre-test gain and t-test to compare between the experimental class and control class. They were analyzed by using independent sample t-test. The results showed that there were improvement in the average of science processing skills of students in project-based learningâ€™s class for about 51.86 (high) and conventional learning class for about 38.02 (medium). T-test results obtained as follows: tvalue was 2.680 and ttable was 2.021, so tvalue>ttable. The conclusion was the implementation of project-based learning in the concept of pollution and environmental degradation improved the science processing skills of student of SMPN 8 Banda Aceh.
Kadar Air dan Vitamin C pada Proses Pembuatan Tepung Cabai (Capsium annuum L)
Authors: Sebayang Nico Syahputra
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted to determine the level of water and Vitamin C in the process of making chilli flour. The research used randomized completely design (RCD) with two factors, drying temperature (50 Â° C , 60 Â° C , 70 Â° C , 80 Â° C) and long drying (12 hours , 14 hours , 16 hours , 18 hours) , The results showed that the drying temperature had highly significant effect on the level of water and vitamin C; Long drying had a highly significant effect on the level of water and vitamin C; and the interaction of temperature and length of drying showed a significant different influence on the level of water and vitamin C.
JENIS LICHENES DI KAWASAN GUGOP PULO BREUH KECAMATAN PULO ACEH KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to know the type of Lichens in the Gugop Pulo Breuh area, Pulo Aceh District, Aceh Besar. The subjects of this study are all types of Lichens found in the Gugop Pulo Breuh area, Pulo Aceh District, Aceh Besar. This research uses Random sampling technique with combination of line transect and quadratic method. Line transect measuring 100 m x 20 m as many as 3 stations with details of length 100 m and width 20 m. Square plot is determined systematically on each station with a size of 10 m x 10 m, as much as 3 plots to obtain 9 plot of squares. The results of the study found 2300 individu lichens samples covering 10 family of 15 species. Lichens found in the study sites consisted of two types of morphology of the talus namely Crustose and Foliose.