bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The conceptual interpretation of S. King`s literary heritage
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dillər Universiteti, Majidova Ilaha Adil
Published: February 2021

S.King is a modern American writer of supernatural, horror fiction, science fiction and fantasy. His works are powerful because he integrates his life experiences and observations into idiosyncratic stories. He uses a free style of writing. Generally By the help of supernatural beings, vampire, demon, insubstantial events he mystifies and shocks readers, confuses their minds. The writer’s psycho-emotional situation, inner world rebound his works. This article is devoted to the conceptual interpretation of S.King’s creativity. In his works he tries to show the depth of his imagination. Key words: modern American literature, fantasy, horror fiction, psycho-emotional creativity, mystical elements
CHINA'S POST-CORONAVIRUS ECONOMIC SITUATION
Authors:   Baku State University, Asgarov Sirus Rafig
Published: February 2021

In modern times, the United States, Russia, and China are among the world's economic giants. However, China is now moving towards becoming the most economically developed country. As a result of state reforms in 1979, China's economic development was marked by the prospect of free trade, and thus China became one of the hegemons of our time. However, every rise has a decline, and this decline has manifested itself in the Chinese economy. Due to the COVID19 virus in Wuhan, China, the country suddenly became the center of a pandemic. Educational institutions have shut down, companies have gone online, tourists have been given limited access to the country, and even travel to China from most countries has been suspended. Another country that was hit by a second pandemic after China was Italy, and just two months later, after China, Italy, then the United States, then Russia, and Brazil fell into the pandemic. The first country affected by the pandemic, of course, was China. Because the entrances and exits of a country with great economic development were suddenly stopped and ticket offices were closed. Buddha stopped the inflow of foreign currency into the country. However, if we look at developed countries such as Italy and France, China has suffered less from the pandemic than Italy, France, and Russia. China prevented the spread of the pandemic, took a number of measures at the state level, and thus there was almost no infection with COVID19 in China in March. China, albeit partially, has re-entered the country and resumed life. As a result of these measures taken by China, economic development within the country has already resumed. Key words: China, COVID19, economics, crisis, changes
History of development of commercial secrets in the Azerbaijan legal system
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Univeristeti, Ibrahimov Natig Elmaddin
Published: February 2021

The process of gaining the importance of commercially important information in civil circulation has come a long way. The protection and disclosure of commercial secrets, which are among the objects of intellectual property, are becoming increasingly important for the legislation of Azerbaijan. The historical development of commercial secrets in Azerbaijan is closely related to the legislation of the Russian Empire. This was due to historical events. The history of the development of commercial secrets in Azerbaijan can be divided into several stages. The first stage is the feudal period, state structure and legal regulation of this period. The second period covers the period from 1861 to 1917. The third period covers the period from 1917 to 1991. The fourth period covers the period after 1991, the "restoration of capitalism". Nowdays, the protection of commercial secrets comes to the fore in connection with the relevance of globalization, integration and dynamic development of information resources, as well as the emergence of new obstacles and difficulties in legal regulation. Key words: commercial secrets, intellectual property law, Azerbaijani legislation, civil law, Tsarist Russia (Russian Empire), USSR, Azerbaijan SSR
The structure and main features of social management
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Univeristeti, Nabili Mukhtar Tahir
Published: February 2021

The article studies the structure of social management and examines the main features in detail. Sociology of management is a specific field of sociological knowledge; It studies the social bases, dynamic system, processes of management, their social functions and principles, features of management decisions, social aspects of management activities, their degree of effectiveness in organizations and society, relations in the field of management. Sociology focuses on the management of social systems, in other words, social management. Key words: Management, social structure, government, society, sociology
VALUE ADDED TAX IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Baku State University, Shahgaldiyeva Nigar Yadulla
Published: February 2021

Value-added tax is an indirect tax based on the sale value of goods, production and non-manufactured goods as an object of taxation. According to the mechanism and procedures for the calculation and payment of value added tax, this tax is not directly imposed by a particular person, but applies to consumers in the process of return. In this case, the value added tax is neutral for securities. In addition, value added tax is universal and is characterized by the difference between purchases at each stage of production and turnover. In connection with the calculation of value added tax, the taxpayer's tax liability to the budget consists of the difference between the amount of tax assessed on taxable turnover and the amount of tax to be deducted in accordance with the documents. Key words: European Union, value Added Tax, tax, tax system
On the methods and organizational forms of music education of students in the special piano class
Authors:   Академия музыки, театра и изобразительных искусств  (Кишинев, Молдова, Alimovna Khatipova Inna Alimovna
Published: February 2021

In the article, the author analyzes a synthesis of the most important methods and organizational forms of music education of students in the special piano class. Verbal, visual, and illustrative methods, which are successfully used in the process of pianists’ training, are described. Among the organizational forms of teaching process, a special emphasis is made on the teacher’s class recital. This creative pedagogical activity is presented basing on the personal experience of the author who studied piano in the class of L. Oxinoit, one of the leading Moldavian piano pedagogues. A conclusion is drawn that the efficacy of educational process depends on the teacher–student creative contact, as well as on the pedagogue’s personality, human and professional qualities. Key words: music education methods, organizational forms of teaching process, creative contact, teacher, pupil
History and development of baxshi traditions in Khorezm oasis
Authors:   Урганч давлат университети мустақил изланувчиси Ўзбекистон Республикаси, Sabirova Nasiba Ergashevna
Published: February 2021

When did Bakhshi’s performance appear, of course, has to be associated with the formation of the epic genre. This article deals with the formation of the epic genre, the formation and development of art in Khorezm, one of the centers of ancient culture. Also, in the Khorezm oasis there is a very reliable information about the oldest bakhshi, in turn, the piri of bakhshis Oshik Aydin, and related epics, scientific information about their history. In Khorezm, boat and boat drivers on lakes and rivers recognize the Prophet Noah as their piri. When the blacksmiths start work, they remember the prophet David. Khorezm bakhshis respect Oshik Aydin as their spiritual teacher. This sacred person is also a piri of Turkmen bakhshis. Key words: Bakhshi performance, epic genre, the sacred book of Zoroastrianism "Avesto", the oldest bakhshi, Ashiq Aydin piri, ashiq bakhshis, "Kitabi dadam Korkut", Korkut ota
METHODS OF PLANNING AND CONTROLLING THE TIMING AND COST OF R&D IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Deputy Head of Department, JSC “Russian Space Systems”, Moscow, Russia, CHURSIN R. A.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the methods of the critical path and the evaluation and analysis of projects when planning their implementation.
METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING THE DEPENDENCE BETWEEN WORKING CAPITAL AND PROFITS OF SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Economic Relations and Foreign Economic Relations named after N. N. Liventsev, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, FILKEVICH I. A. ,   Professor of the Department of Economic Theory and Management, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, NGUYEN Dieu Linh ,   Postgraduate Student, Department of Economic Theory and Management, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

This article proposes a methodology for assessing the relationship between the turnover of working capital and the profit of organizations, as well as a method for increasing the efficiency of its use. The proposed methodology will help stabilize the cash flow of the business, provide high liquidity, manage working capital well, help companies be proactive in spending, in short and medium term financial planning. As a result of the study, we can conclude that there is a deep relationship between turnover and financial results: the higher the rate of capital movement, the greater the financial result the organization will receive.
METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE STANDARD REQUIREMENTS OF NON-REDUCED STOCKS OF COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS IN THE WAREHOUSES OF A PRODUCTION ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Senior Lecture of Department of Applied Economy, Peoples' friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, GROSHEVA P. Yu. , NOVOSELOV A. S. ,   Graduate Student of the Department of Applied Economics, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, YUDIN A. V. ,   Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Applied Economics, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

In the context of dynamic changes in environmental factors, the development and implementation of tools that allow for effective management of all work processes and ensure its competitiveness are of significant importance for production organizations. It is especially important to properly manage the organization's resources, including the irreducible stocks of materials and components in warehouses, to ensure uninterrupted production activities. The author's methodology presented in the article allows us to calculate the normative need of an organization for non-reduced stocks of components and materials in warehouses, allowing us to organize effective management of the organization's resources and their timely replenishment.
MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS AS THE BASIS OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT IN THE ECONOMY
Authors:   Student of Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, BELYAKOVA A. I.
Published: February 2021

Any management system is subject to change, and each time requires research and management decisionmaking in accordance with the changes. Decision-making in complex systems is carried out by a technical device or a person and is based on the comparison and evaluation of options for action. The study of decision-making procedures and the appropriate organization of the system is an urgent problem in the creation and operation of complex systems. Making such decisions is impossible without system analysis. This is due to the relevance of the article.
EXHISTING APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT OF SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS FROM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS PROJECTS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Logistics and Marketing, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, KULAKOV A. D. , DMITRIEV V. A. ,   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Basic Department of Public-Private Partnership, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, SALOGUBOVA E. V. ,   Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the Basic Department of Public-Private Partnership, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

The article presents the existing approaches to assessing of the socio-economic effects that arise during the implementation of transport and logistics investment projects. In this aspect, the mechanisms for assessing socioeconomic effects that are used in international practice, in Russian practice are considered. The author proposes an improvement that will help to strengthen the mechanism for assessing the socio-economic effects of the implementation of transport and logistics infrastructure projects.
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF RUSSIAN BANKS OPERATING IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, TROFIMOVА V. V.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the pros and cons of large credit institutions operating not only in Russia, but also outside the national market.
FEATURES OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE VALUATION OF ART OBJECTS
Authors:   Postgraduate of Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance Department of the Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, GREBEN’KOVA D. V.
Published: February 2021

The article provides a classification of the types of value of arts most relevant in modern realities and applicability degree of types for the valuation purposes. The article highlights theoretical approaches to defining the concept of value of arts; the definition of the concept of “investment value” of arts is proposed. In this aspect, the issue related to the basics of investment value of arts.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE VALUE ADDED TAX ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL REALTY
Authors:   Doctor of Economic Sciences of the Department of Accounting, Audit and Taxation, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia, KIROVA E. A.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the problems of transformation of the administration of value added tax (VAT)in the digital reality. The analysis of tax revenues to the budget is carried out and the role of this tax as a budget-forming one is shown. The article describes the schemes of VAT minimization with the use of "disputed" counterparties, increasing the real cost of products. The methods of the system approach, analysis and synthesis, as well as abstraction and generalization are used. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of tax authorities by using modern information technologies and automated systems to effectively identify schemes for avoiding VAT taxation.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CORPORATE TAX PLANNING STRATEGY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE FACTOR OF FAIR PAYMENT OF TAXES
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, TER-AKOPOV S. G.
Published: February 2021

The article focuses on corporate tax planning in the context of business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The increased public scrutiny of corporate tax planning practices and the moral aspect of taxation points to the need for corporations to apply good tax administration when they claim to be socially responsible. Making ethical decisions in the context of tax planning requires corporations to develop tax codes of conduct and adhere to transparency standards. This article aims to show why and how tax planning can be integrated into CSR.
ANALYSIS OF LABOR RESOURCES AND INCENTIVE SYSTEM FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor in the Departments of Finance and Credit, Economics and Management, Leninogorsk branch of Kazan National Research Technical University n.a. A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Leninogorsk, Russia, POLYUSHKO Yu. N.
Published: February 2021

The scientific article substantiates the importance of the analysis of labor resources for a modern enterprise. In the article the author conducts a comparative analysis of working time, qualitative analysis of the workforce composition and job categories, in addition, the role of material incentives as one of the most important factors of productivity growth.
THE MAIN PROVISIONS OF THE US ENERGY DOCTRINE: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Authors:   Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, TSORIEVA Z. Kh.
Published: February 2021

The article examines the chronology of the development of the energy doctrine of the United States, which for many years has been focused on reducing the country's dependence on foreign energy imports. And while the United States does not currently need to import foreign energy on a huge scale, to effectively ensure energy security, a number of factors must be taken into account, both from a domestic and international point of view.
Pole-weapons in the Sagas of Icelanders
Authors: Orkisz Jan H.
Published: February 2021

The Icelandic sagas are a major source of information on the Vikings and their fighting prowess. In these stories, several mysterious pole-weapons appear, which are often called “halberds”, for lack of a better word. In order to better identify what these weapons could have been, and to provide a better understanding of how the sagas relate to the Viking-age events they describe, we confront textual and archaeological evidence for several of these weapons (the höggspjót, the atgeirr, the kesja, the krókspjót, the bryntroll and the fleinn), keeping in mind the contextualisation of their appearances in sagas. The description of the use of each weapon allows to pick several candidates likely to correspond to the studied word. Without a perfect knowledge of what context the authors of the sagas wanted to describe, it appears to be impossible to give a final answer. However, we show that some specific types of spears are good candidates for some of the studied weapons.
Biosensory – nowoczesne narzędzia analityczne do detekcji patogenów roślinnych
Authors: Łabańska Małgorzata , Przewodowski Włodzimierz
Published: February 2021

Ochrona upraw przed chorobami pełni kluczową rolę w zwiększaniu efektywności produkcji roślinnej. Do tej pory opracowano szereg metod dedykowanych identyfikacji patogenów roślinnych. Najważniejsze z nich to metody molekularne wykorzystujące reakcję łańcuchowej polimerazy DNA – PCR (ang. Polymerase Chain Reaction) oraz metody immunologiczne bazujące na specyficznych oddziaływaniach przeciwciał z odpowiadającymi im antygenami. Jednak wiele z konwencjonalnych metod są czaso- i kosztochłonne, wymagają złożonych urządzeń laboratoryjnych oraz nie są dostosowane do przeprowadzania analiz w warunkach polowych. Z tego względu poszukiwane są, szybsze, tańsze metody detekcji patogenów roślinnych, które pozwoliłby na diagnostykę zarówno w warunkach laboratoryjnych jak i środowiskowych. Od wielu lat biosensory cieszą się niesłabnącym zainteresowaniem jako urządzenia o szerokim potencjale aplikacyjnym. Wysoka czułość i selektywność, możliwość pomiarów w czasie rzeczywistym, a także często niewielkie rozmiary czynią je niezwykle atrakcyjnymi narzędziami analitycznymi. W pracy przedstawiono rutynowe metody identyfikacji patogenów roślinnych, a także budowę, zasadę działania oraz szeroki zakres zastosowań biosensorów. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono elektrochemicznym oraz optycznym biosensorom zawierającym w warstwie receptorowej przeciwciała – immunosensory lub fragmenty kwasów nukleinowych – sensory DNA zaprojektowanym do detekcji patogenów roślinnych.
Sistemas de Gestión de Calidad (SGC) en instituciones educativas
Authors: Espinosa Beltrán Pedro Luis , Prieto Galindo William Andrés
Published: February 2021

Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de una tesis doctoral cuyo objetivo fue analizar el rol del liderazgo de los directores docentes en los procesos del Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad (SGC) para el logro de la calidad del servicio educativo en dos instituciones educativas en Colombia. . La percepción del plantel docente sobre los procesos de la SGC, además del fundamento teórico de la investigación, posibilitó una reflexión crítica sobre la importancia de la calidad de la educación en el contexto de un Estado Social de Derecho y la construcción de justicia.
Education Professionals' Knowledge And Needs Regarding Bullying
Authors: Lojo Novo Amaia , Shelton Brett , Azevedo Katie Bubak
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze teachers' and other education professionals' needs and knowledge when dealing with bullying situations. Data collection was carried out in two different sessions of a bullying prevention one-day symposium at a four-year state university. The participants were 53 educational professionals from several elementary and middle schools. Qualitative analysis of session artifacts revealed that participants had a basic understanding of bullying; however, they doubt its definition and how to identify when it occurs. Participants in the case study were interested in being change agents when it comes to addressing bullying problems. However, they lacked self-confidence and access to appropriate resources to overcome their fears and diminished self- efficacy for proper intervention.
Dependence of Demographic Indicators upon Government Expenditure on Health: A Study of the Indian States
Authors: Bandita Deka
Published: February 2021

Investment in health care is becoming more and more significant day by day because of an economicenvironment where resources are extremely scarce. As a result, there is a growing interest among economistsin applying the economic skills to the health issue. As government health services are primarily meant forcatering to the needs of the under served population, it will continue to play a significant role as a serviceprovider. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand how demographic indicators vary in response tothe changes in government health care expenditure or alternatively what effect does public health careexpenditure have upon the demographic indicators (measured in terms of health outcomes).
Increasing Learning Efficiency Using Adaptive Testing Technology
Authors:   Senior Teacher, Andijan Mechanical Engineering Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan, Halimovich Yuldashev Abdusamat , Baxtiyorjon Ogli Ermatov Axror ,   Assistant, Andijan Mechanical Engineering Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The article describes a set of software developed for adaptive testing technology in the implementation of an objective assessment of students' knowledge. There is also information about the possibility of computerizing education, reducing the unproductive live work of teachers, preserving the methodological potential of experienced professors, installing computer software for management. Methods: It is noted that the experiments were carried out by 2nd year students of the Andijan Machine-Building Institute in the direction of "Ground transport systems and their operation." Results: The research results are presented in the form of some data by means of mathematical statistical processing. The Pearson, Kolmagorov and Romanovsky criteria were also used to check the accuracy of the study results. Conclusion: it is stated that a software package aimed at creating a technology for remote and adaptive testing without the participation of the human factor will allow processing the results of experiments in educational and research centers and achieving them in practice.
Deoxygenative C2-heteroarylation of quinoline N-oxides: facile access to α-triazolylquinolines
Authors: Sontakke Geetanjali S , Shukla Rahul K , Volla Chandra M R
Published: February 2021

A metal- and additive-free, highly efficient, step-economical deoxygenative C2-heteroarylation of quinolines and isoquinolines was achieved from readily available N-oxides and N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. A variety of α-triazolylquinoline derivatives were synthesized with good regioselectivity and in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Further, a gram-scale and one-pot synthesis illustrated the efficacy and simplicity of the developed protocol. The current transformation was also found to be compatible for the late-stage modification of natural products.
Metal reduction by hydrogen from the B2O3-СaO-Ni(Zn, Pb, Cu)O melts thermodynamic modeling
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vusikhis Alexander S. , Selivanov Evgeny N. ,   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyushnyakov Stanislav N. ,   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chentsov Viktor P. ,   Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2021

Thermodynamic modeling is used to describe the metal reduction processes by hydrogen from oxide melt in the B2O3-CaO- MeO (Me – Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) system. Open systems approximation with periodic removal of metal particles and gases from the working melt composition is used in the method. By this work we present the thermodynamic modeling results of metal reduction processes (Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn) by Hydrogen. The reducible metals oxides content in the all melts was 3 mass %, and the mass ratio of B2O3/CaO was taken as 3 to be close to eutectic composition. The calculations made it possible to determine such parameters as oxide melt compositions and elements reduction degree depending on the induced gas quantity. of the Nickel, Copper, Lead and Zinc reduction process simulation from B2O3-CaO-MeO melts proved the reduction process by Hydrogen is similar to that which was earlier established when Carbon monoxide was used as the reducing agent. When Copper is reduced from CuO, the process occurs with intermediate Cu2O oxide formation (CuO → Cu2O → Cu). The Nickel (NiO → Ni), Lead (PbO → Pbs + Pbg) and Zinc (ZnO → Zng) recovery have been realized by one stage. The non-ferrous metals change content in the oxide melt and the degrees of its reduction depending on temperature and reducing agent quantity introduced are described by the second-order polynomial functional equations. Comparison of the Carbon monoxide and Hydrogen used for Nickel, Copper, Lead, and Zinc reducing to 90% metallization degree proved much less Hydrogen consumption.
Application of atomic absorption spectroscopy for the analysis of chemical composition of Brassica rapa
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Eliseeva Olga V.
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the study of the chemical composition of Petrovskaya variety of turnip after the non-root treatment of vegetating plants with the solution of trivalent chromium. The treatment has been performed with the solutions of chromic potassium sulphate with chromium concentrations of 0.002% and 0.005%. The experiment has been conducted according to the following scheme: 1. NPK (background) – control version; 2. NPK + HO Cr 0.002%; 3. NPK + HO Cr 0.005%. Nitroammophoska was used as the background macro fertiliser during the sowing at the rate of 30 g/m2. In the control versions plants have been treated with the distilled water. The content of chromium in root vegetables has been assessed using the method of atomic absorption spectroscopy. It is shown that after the treatment with the solution of chromic potassium sulphate the average content of chromium in root vegetables increased by 31.3% in NPK + Cr 0.002% version and by 55.6% in NPK + Cr 0.005% version in comparison with the control version. At the chromium concentration of 0.002% the content of dry matter in turnip remained at the level of control version, the content of dry soluble matters and ascorbic acid decreased down to 5.9% and 28.60 mg/100 g, the level of nitrates in root vegetables increased up to 286.0 mg/kg of wet mass. At the chromium concentration of 0.005% the content of dry matter in turnip decreased down to 10.4%, the content of dry soluble matters increased up to 7.3%, the content of ascorbic acid and nitrates decreased down to 27.81 mg/100 g and 210.2 mg/kg of wet mass, respectively.
A büntethetőség akadályai a gazdasági bűncselekmények körében az új Btk. szerint
Authors: Kondorosi András
Published: February 2021

The author provides an overivew of how criminal responsibility for economic crimes canbe excluded under the new Hungarian Criminal Code.
Music as a Tool for Shaping the Growing Individual: A Review
Authors: Amparbin Ernest Francis
Published: February 2021

The paper is directed at contributing to the awareness of the need to emphasize the need for music education in schools. Music has largely been touted as a tool for training, however, it is practically being employed as a source of entertainment and a means of engaging learners in the classroom, thereby paying less attention to its evolving effect on the individual. Consequently, a number of literature emphasizing the importance of music as an instrument for the total development of the learner, has been thoroughly reviewed in this paper. This is to expose stakeholders of education particularly educators, policymakers, parents and heads of educational institutions to the inseparable benefits of music in the general education of the learner. It is therefore crucial for teachers and heads of schools to liaise with Parent-teacher associations, non-governmental organizations, School management boards and the Ministry of Education to help furnish schools with appropriate musical instruments and facilities such as sound laboratories, secluded rooms for audio-visuals to aid teachers and learners in the teaching and learning endeavour.

Keywords: Music education, Philosophy of music, Interpretation of music education
Monitoring of adult emergence in the pine processionary moth between 1970 and 1984 in Mont Ventoux, France
Authors: Martin Jean-Claude , Rossi Jean-Pierre , Buradino Maurane , Kerdelhué Carole
Published: February 2021

The current climate change has marked impacts on the phenology of species, i.e. the timing of the various stages of their life cycle. Yet, to fully understand how phenological patterns can be modified according to changes in temperature regimes, it is of prime importance to rely on high quality historical data. Here, we propose a very valuable dataset including individual monitoring from pupation to adult emergence of 46 479 individuals of pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) surveyed between 1970 and 1984 in southern France along an altitudinal gradient. As optional prolonged diapause occurs in this species, i.e. some individuals experience one or more years of diapause before emerging, the caterpillars sampled in any given year were monitored during up to 5 years. The goal was to give precise information about phenology in this species to further analyse its temporal patterns of variation.

This dataset is unique by its richness and the type of data it contains. Phenology in the pine processionary moth is often monitored by the use of pheromone traps in the field, which does not provide all the necessary information, because it is then not possible to trace back the exact origin of the moth trapped, nor to characterise other steps of the life cycle. Moreover, as it corresponds to historical data dating back to the 70s and the 80s, the dataset provides a historical baseline of trends in the pre-warming period.
Distance culturelle et entrepreneuriat institutionnel dans le contexte des joint-ventures internationales
Authors: Bahri Korbi Fadia
Published: February 2021

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier comment les partenaires d’une « joint-venture internationale » (JVI) issus d’univers culturels différents peuvent agir en tant qu’entrepreneurs institutionnels et façonner leur environnement institutionnel. A partir du cas d’une JVI formée entre une entreprise tunisienne locale et une multinationale étrangère dans le secteur agroalimentaire, nous montrons que les deux partenaires développent des stratégies susceptibles de façonner les « règles du jeu » en leur faveur. Le succès de l’opération dépend du dynamisme d’un entrepreneur institutionnel mais aussi de l’implication d’une pluralité d’acteurs issus de la JVI. Dans ce contexte, la distance culturelle entre les deux partenaires semble jouer un rôle important dans le développement de ces nouvelles stratégies.
Entreprise et management : formes culturelles et/ou enjeux communicationnels ?
Authors: Eyriès Alexandre
Published: February 2021

Cet article se propose d’analyser les entreprises (organisations) et leurs pratiques managériales à la faveur d’une approche inspirée de l’interactionnisme symbolique qui perçoit dans les interactions (les communications) développées au sein de l’entreprise les fondements de son identité collective et de sa légitimité, au même titre que les rites, les mythes et les valeurs qui en constituent le soubassement symbolique, et lui donnent forme et sens.
Pratique éthique et sensible de la réponse incarnée : la contribution de Merleau-Ponty à l’éthique corporelle dans les organisations
Authors: Kuepers Wendelin , Aroles Jeremy
Published: February 2021

Cet article explore l’éthique corporelle en tant que pratique dans les organisations. Selon la phénoménologie mise en avant par Merleau-Ponty, le corps et l’incarnation peuvent être interprétés comme des médias et des sphères de réflexion éthiques, de mise en œuvre et de sensibilité morale, et donc de responsabilité dans les relations avec les autres dans les organisations. Cet article esquisse tout d’abord les bases d’une phénoménologie de l’éthique du sensible et de la réponse, ce qui ouvre la voie à une compréhension élargie de l’éthique incarnée comme pratique responsable dans les organisations. Cela conduit ensuite à une discussion sur des formes spécifiques de pratiques sensibles et “responsives”, ainsi que sur la pertinence éthique des organes au travail dans les organisations. L’article amène en conclusion quelques implications pratiques, politiques, théoriques et méthodologiques, ainsi que des perspectives d’investigation et d’intégration des pratiques éthiques dans les organisations.
Proposition d’une typologie des stratégies de comportements managériaux en présence de faits religieux au travail. Résultats d’une étude exploratoire dans le contexte français
Authors: Guillet Olivier
Published: February 2021

Le fait religieux – bien qu’étant une problématique ancienne en France – est devenu une question intéressant de plus en plus la recherche académique en GRH. Cette recrudescence des recherches portant sur cet objet de recherche ne doit d’une part pas masquer l’absence d’une définition stabilisée du fait religieux et de sa manifestation. De nombreuses définitions et typologies du fait religieux ressortent en effet de la littérature. De même, l’analyse de la littérature permet de ressortir 6 comportements possibles du manager face au fait religieux au travail pouvant être regroupés par type de management. Le recueil de données a été réalisé par entretiens semi-directifs (16 entretiens) et l’analyse de contenu avec le logiciel NVivo. Nous complétons ainsi la littérature à travers la prise en compte de l’intention du manager qui implique en effet de distinguer plusieurs comportements s’exprimant pourtant de la même manière. Cette recherche vise ainsi à produire une grille d’intelligibilité permettant une meilleure compréhension des comportements, et ainsi permettre aux managers d’élargir leur éventail d’options comportementales face au fait religieux et de mieux en saisir les ressorts. Il va ici s’agir de se positionner sur les faits religieux non transgressifs – ces derniers permettant au manager d’avoir une certaine marge de manœuvre dans son action. Cette recherche peut contribuer à la formation des managers et au développement de leurs compétences pour faire face à ces problématiques nouvelles pour l’entreprise. Elle s’inscrit alors dans l’une des fonctions de l’enseignement supérieur : l’identification puis la diffusion des pratiques de management inclusives.
Dos monument , manifestations monstres / dos monumental , manifestations gigantesques : quelques remarques à propos de la synonymie entre substantifs épithètes de qualification et adjectifs qualificatifs
Authors: Salles Mathilde
Published: February 2021

Dans leurs emplois comme épithètes qualificatives, des substantifs tels que monument ou monstre semblent s’affranchir de la plupart des traits sémantiques qui les caractérisent habituellement pour n’exprimer qu’une propriété, à la manière d’un adjectif. Des synonymes adjectivaux peuvent même être proposés dans les dictionnaires (c’est le cas pour monstre ) et se pose alors la question de l’appartenance catégorielle du « substantif » : monstre synonyme des adjectifs phénoménal , gigantesque est-il encore un substantif ou est-il devenu un adjectif ? L’étude de quelques-uns de ces substantifs nous permettra de souligner que, en dépit d’affinités parfois importantes avec les adjectifs qualificatifs, la synonymie avec ces derniers reste très partielle, le substantif épithète ne s’affranchissant finalement pas si souvent de tous ses traits sémantiques pour n’exprimer qu’une propriété.
Synonymie à travers la traduction : mesurer l’attraction et la répulsion translangagières
Authors: Gu Xiaoyi
Published: February 2021

Dans cette contribution nous présentons une possibilité de décrire les synonymes à travers leurs traductions. Le processus de traduction intégrant l’identification et la différenciation interlangues, les équivalents de traduction permettent de représenter le degré de synonymie par rapport à la langue d’arrivée, et d’analyser la plurivocité d’un énoncé original rendu avec différentes focalisations dans une autre langue. Dans une approche descriptive, l’unité lexicale d’un corpus doit être considérée comme inséparable de son contexte afin de combler le fossé entre l’équivalence textuelle et la correspondance lexicale. La distance entre deux expressions en langue source par rapport à la langue cible est appréhendée en termes de forces d’attraction et de répulsion de traduction. À l’aide d’un corpus parallèle ainsi que d’un corpus comparable, ces dernières se mesurent par une cote Z traductionnelle, introduite pour mettre en évidence les traductions abusives ou sur-employées, souvent négligées dans le traitement statistique d’une lexicographie bilingue. Une brève démonstration sur l’alternance du type décider de + inf. /  se décider à + inf. est présentée pour valider les réflexions méthodologiques et théoriques préalables.
Quelle « synonymie » pour les pseudo-clivées en what , all + that et all + Ø ?
Authors: Delorme Benjamin
Published: February 2021

S’il existe une littérature abondante (Bolinger 1972 ; Delahunty 1984 ; Collins 1991 ; Fichtner 1993 ; Kim 2007 ; Traugott 2008 ; Patten 2010) sur les types « classiques » de clivées, c’est-à-dire les clivées en it , les pseudo-clivées standard et inversées, les pseudo-clivées en all sont singulièrement peu étudiées en regard de leur fréquence étonnamment élevée dans les corpus en ligne. Nous proposons ici de montrer en quoi les trois structures pseudo-clivées « synonymes » en what , all +  that et all + Ø, qui utilisent régulièrement les mêmes verbes (notamment know , need , take , want et do ) dans leur partie présupposante, constituent un micro-système qui reflète et / ou révèle les étapes successives de la construction du sens et dont la construction en all + Ø constitue le point d’aboutissement. L’étude de la dérivation des pseudo-clivées en all révèle par ailleurs que ce quantifieur dit « universel », qui y prend une valeur restrictive (ou spécificationnelle), est absent de l’énoncé originel sur lequel se fonde le réaménagement syntaxique et n’intervient qu’en fin de structuration. Enfin, nous interprétons l’emploi de all dans cette structure (où le quantifieur parasynonyme everything est exclu) à la lumière de ses propriétés syntaxiques, i. e. sa compatibilité avec les référents continus.
How students of primary school understand large scale energy systems: The case of thermal power plant
Authors: Sissamperi Niki , Koliopoulos Dimitris
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a constructivist teaching intervention on 6th grade students' cognitive progress on large-scale Energy Generation Systems (EGS), specifically on a Thermal Power Plant (TPP). This intervention was designed according to the constructivist approach for teaching and learning science, and it can be described as an autonomous teaching module appropriate for an elementary science curriculum. With the application of this intervention in real classroom settings, the majority of students were able to construct sufficient technological and scientific knowledge in order to describe and explain the operation of a TPP in qualitative energy terms, as our research data ascertained.
Confessions and boundaries in the Holy Roman Empire: The Brandenburg, Minden, and the Calendar in 1668
Authors: Duhamelle Christophe
Published: February 2021

Between 1583 and 1700, there were two calendars in use in the Holy Empire, with a gap of ten days between them. It is generally said that one of the calendars, the Gregorian, was Catholic, and the other, the old Julian calendar, was Protestant. There is no theological reason for this division, nor is it absolute, a fact demonstrated by the case studied in this article. In 1668, the Elector of Brandenburg (Protestant) imposed a transition to the (supposedly Catholic) Gregorian calendar on his subjects of the principality of Minden in Westphalia (with a Protestant majority). The arguments of the various protagonists in this decision and the debates it engendered reveal synergies and shifts between the religious and other domains (including economic), warping these categories that are often reified in historiography. Moreover, the debate shows that Minden’s border was embedded in the variety of scales that were mobilized according to their particular interests by various actors. This case study thus permits us to re-situate spatial and category-specific boundaries – which seem consubstantial with the notion of the territorial State in the Empire – in a complex social game that can only be understood through a wide range of sources.
Virus economics: an American tragedy
Authors: Guttmann Robert
Published: February 2021

The global pandemic forces every country in the world into a complex set of balancing acts between virus spread containment, public health capacity, macro-economic stabilization measures, and business survival amidst depressed levels of activity. Irrespective of how countries perform under these unprecedented conditions of “virus economics”, they face a “Great Interruption” which accelerates trends and causes ruptures to the point of deepening crisis conditions. Nowhere among the richer OECD countries is this crisis process of the pandemic playing out more dramatically than in the United States where the virus is causing particular havoc. Virus economics has proven an American tragedy. Using the analytical concepts and methodological tools of Regulation Theory, notably with regard to the varieties of capitalism and on the nature of structural crises, invites the conclusion that the pandemic has caused a crisis of the accumulation regime which may alter capitalism for the better in the direction of sustainable development goals.
Capture réglementaire en temps de pandémie
Authors: Guennif Samira
Published: February 2021

En pleine pandémie de covid-19, la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accordait, en mars dernier, le statut de médicament orphelin au remdesivir, molécule brevetée par Gilead comme traitement contre le nouveau coronavirus. Ce faisant, l’entreprise obtenait une exclusivité commerciale de sept ans pour l’exploitation de son médicament sur le marché américain. Aussitôt, cette décision fut dénoncée comme un dévoiement en règle de l’Orphan Drug Act (ODA), administré par l’agence américaine du médicament sous l’influence de l’industrie pharmaceutique ; somme toute un cas type de capture réglementaire. Cet article se propose d’explorer le concept de capture réglementaire, en prenant appui sur les travaux développés dans le champ des sciences politiques et de l’économie politique (internationale), et en se fondant sur l’étude de cas du remdesivir. On y démontre qu’il existe de multiples captures autour d’un bien public : captures à la fois d’agence, statutaire, corrosive ou encore culturelle, pour puiser dans les travaux de Carpenter (2014) développés en rupture avec ceux de la théorie de la réglementation économique. Finalement, des recommandations sont formulées pour renforcer l’ODA et limiter sa vulnérabilité à la capture.
Par-delà les temps qui courent : comment la pandémie de covid-19 nous invite à refonder notre rapport au temps
Authors: Ruwet Coline
Published: February 2021

La mise en perspective de l’urgence sanitaire et de l’urgence écologique a suscité de nombreux commentaires. Cette comparaison est féconde car elle nous permet d’interroger la métaphysique du temps qui constitue un impensé de l’économie standard. Le temps, pourtant largement abordé en sciences sociales depuis des décennies et au cœur de la définition institutionnelle du « développement durable », constitue rarement un objet d’analyse en tant que tel quand il s’agit d’étudier l’entremêlement des temporalités dans nos interactions avec le vivant. Les bouleversements socio-environnementaux sont caractérisés par des attributs temporels inédits et difficiles à appréhender. La pandémie de covid-19 nous a conduits à expérimenter concrètement quelques-uns de ces attributs, en particulier l’exponentialité et l’incertitude radicale des phénomènes. Par ailleurs, nombreuses sont les propositions pour le « jour d’après » marquées par une dimension temporelle, que ce soit la nécessité d’anticiper ou l’invitation à ralentir. Ces propositions n’intègrent cependant pas d’autres bouleversements temporels fondamentaux des catastrophes écologiques tels que l’irréversibilité et l’invisibilité des phénomènes ainsi que les chocs brutaux engendrés par les points de bascule. La prise au sérieux des enjeux de soutenabilité n’implique pas seulement une grande transformation dans le temps mais, peut-être, plus important encore, une grande transformation métaphysique du temps. Sortir de l’idéal de contrôle et de maîtrise au cœur de la conception dominante du temps dans les sociétés modernes contemporaines nous invite ainsi à nous décentrer et transformer notre rapport au temps pour enfin prendre en compte la polychronie des temporalités du vivant. Une approche réaliste et pluridisciplinaire pourrait servir de base à une réflexion plus systématique et inspirer une refondation de notre rapport au temps.