bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Medical Image Segmentation Models Using Augmentation
Authors: Sayed Mattin , Saba-Sadiya Sari , Wichtlhuber Benedikt , Dietz Julia , Neitzel Matthias , Keller Leopold , Roig Gemma , Bucher Andreas
Published: December 2024

Background: Medical image segmentation is an essential step in both clinical and research applications, and automated segmentation models—such as TotalSegmentator—have become ubiquitous. However, robust methods for validating the accuracy of these models remain limited, and manual inspection is often necessary before the segmentation masks produced by these models can be used. Methods: To address this gap, we have developed a novel validation framework for segmentation models, leveraging data augmentation to assess model consistency. We produced segmentation masks for both the original and augmented scans, and we calculated the alignment metrics between these segmentation masks. Results: Our results demonstrate strong correlation between the segmentation quality of the original scan and the average alignment between the masks of the original and augmented CT scans. These results were further validated by supporting metrics, including the coefficient of variance and the average symmetric surface distance, indicating that agreement with augmented-scan segmentation masks is a valid proxy for segmentation quality. Conclusions: Overall, our framework offers a pipeline for evaluating segmentation performance without relying on manually labeled ground truth data, establishing a foundation for future advancements in automated medical image analysis.
Community Support and Socioeconomic Impacts of Cultural Tourism Development in Western Kenya
Authors: Odunga Sebastian , Szente Viktória , Szabó Kinga
Published: December 2024

Cultural tourism has emerged as a vital alternative in rural areas, particularly in Kenya. However, its socioeconomic impacts on local communities are not fully understood. This paper examines how community attitudes and involvement assist the growth of sustainable tourism in Bungoma County, rural Western Kenya. Using a sample of 320 respondents and partial least square-structured equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study examined key socioeconomic indicators, including employment opportunities, income generation, and community engagement. The economic and cultural importance of tourism for rural development is demonstrated by these metrics. Our results show that support from tourism is strongly influenced by favorable community perception. This study recommends tailored socioeconomic strategies, such as promoting cultural entrepreneurship, enhancing local infrastructure, and fostering collaborative efforts between stakeholders, to diversify rural economies. The novel approach of this research provides critical insights into community-based tourism and presents significant results, contributing to the broader literature on rural socioeconomic development.
Probable New Species of Bacteria of the Genus Pseudomonas Accelerates and Enhances the Destruction of Perfluorocarboxylic Acids
Authors: Chetverikov Sergey , Hkudaigulov Gaisar , Sharipov Danil , Starikov Sergey
Published: December 2024

Bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas are the most studied microorganisms that biodegrade persistent perfluoroorganic pollutants, and the research of their application for the remediation of environmental sites using biotechnological approaches remains relevant. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of a known destructor of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid from the genus Pseudomonas to accelerate and enhance the destruction of long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), specifically perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorononanoic acid, in water and soil in association with the strain P. mosselii 5(3), which has previously confirmed genetic potential for the degrading of PFCAs. The complete genome (5.86 million base pairs) of the strain 2,4-D, probably belonging to a new species of Pseudomonas, was sequenced, assembled, and analyzed. The genomes of both strains contain genes involved in the defluorination of fluorinated compounds, including haloacetate dehalogenase H-1 (dehH1) and haloalkane dehalogenase (dhaA). The strain 2,4-D also has a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of a dioxygenase component, an electron carrier, and 2-halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase (CbdA) with a preference for fluorides. The strain 2,4-D was able to defluorinate PFCAs in an aqueous cultivation system within 7 days, using them as the sole source of carbon and energy and converting them to perfluorheptanoic acid. It assisted strain 5(3) to convert PFCAs to perfluoropentanoic acid, accelerating the process by 24 h. In a model experiment for the bioaugmentation of microorganisms in artificially contaminated soil, the degradation of PFCAs by the association of pseudomonads also occurred faster and deeper than by the individual strains, achieving a degree of biodestruction of 75% over 60 days, with the perfluoropentanoic acid as the main metabolite. These results are of great importance for the development of methods for the biological recultivation of fluorinated organic pollutants for environmental protection and for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of bacterial interactions with these compounds.
An Integrated Testing Strategy and Online Tool for Assessing Skin Sensitization of Agrochemical Formulations
Authors: Kan Hung-Lin , Wang Shan-Shan , Liao Chun-Lin , Tsai Wei-Ren , Wang Chia-Chi , Tung Chun-Wei
Published: December 2024

Non-animal assessment of skin sensitization is a global trend. Recently, scientific efforts have been focused on the integration of multiple evidence for decision making with the publication of OECD Guideline No. 497 for defined approaches to skin sensitization. The integrated testing strategy (ITS) methods reported by the guideline integrates in chemico, in vitro, and in silico testing to assess both hazard and potency of skin sensitization. The incorporation of in silico methods achieved comparable performance with fewer experiments compared to the traditional two-out-of-three (2o3) method. However, the direct application of current ITSs to agrochemicals can be problematic due to the lack of agrochemicals in the training data of the incorporated in silico methods. To address the issue, we present ITS-SkinSensPred 2.0 for agrochemicals and agrochemical formulations using a reconfigured in silico model SkinSensPred for pesticides. Compared to ITSv2, the proposed ITS-SkinSensPred 2.0 achieved an 11% and 16% improvement in the accuracy and correct classification rate for hazard identification and potency classification, respectively. In addition, an online ITS tool was implemented and available on the SkinSensDB website. The tool is expected to be useful for evaluating skin sensitization of substances.
Assessment of Bacterial Community Structure, Associated Functional Role, and Water Health in Full-Scale Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Tyagi Inderjeet , Tyagi Kaomud , Ahamad Faheem , Bhutiani Rakesh , Kumar Vikas
Published: December 2024

The present study collected wastewater samples from fourteen (14) full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) at different treatment stages, namely, primary, secondary, and tertiary, to understand the impact of WWTP processes on the bacterial community structure, their role, and their correlation with environmental variables (water quality parameters). The findings showed that the bacterial communities in the primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment stages are more or less similar. They are made up of 42 phyla, 84 classes, 154 orders, 212 families, and 268 genera. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cloacimonetes, Firmicutes, Euryarchaeota, Verrucomicrobia, Cyanobacteria, Desulfomicrobium, Thauera, Zavarzinia, and Nitrospirae, among others, dominated the bacterial community structure in all treatment stages. The biochemical oxygen demand was 7–12 times, chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 6 times, and total suspended solids (TSS) was 3.5 times higher in the wastewater than what the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in New Delhi, India, allows as standard discharge. The correlation analysis using the Pearson r matrix and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) also confirmed the fact that these water quality parameters (especially BOD and COD) play a pivotal role in deciphering the community structure in WWTPs.
The Global Secondary Metabolite Regulator AcLaeA Modulates Aspergillus carbonarius Virulence, Ochratoxin Biosynthesis, and the Mode of Action of Biopesticides and Essential Oils
Authors: Iliadi Maria K. , Varveri Maria , Kapetanakou Anastasia E. , Skandamis Panagiotis N. , Tsitsigiannis Dimitrios I.
Published: December 2024

Aspergillus carbonarius is considered one of the main fungi responsible for black and sour rot in grapes, as well as the production of the carcinogenic mycotoxin ochratoxin A. The global regulatory methyltransferase protein LaeA controls the production of various secondary metabolites in Aspergillus species, as well as influences sexual and asexual reproduction and morphology. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of the regulatory gene AclaeA in physiology, virulence, and ochratoxin A (OTA) production by deleting this gene from the genome of a wild-type A. carbonarius strain. The evaluation data on the morphological characteristics, virulence experiments in three different grape varieties, and OTA analysis of ΔAclaeA mutants showed that the growth and the OTA production by ΔAclaeA strains were significantly reduced. The mutant strains were also less virulent, producing 40–50% less conidia in three different cultivars of grape berries. Additionally, the gene AclaeA was considerably repressed after the application of three commercial biopesticides (Trianum-P®, Vacciplant®, and Serenade® Max) and the essential oils (EOs) cinnamon, geranium, and thyme, which were also shown to inhibit OTA biosynthesis in A. carbonarius. The study of the regulatory gene AclaeA can contribute to a broader understanding of the role of secondary metabolites during A. carbonarius—grape interactions, as well as the discovery of the mode of action of biological plant protection products and EOs against this mycotoxigenic fungus.
Accuracy of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Equations in Potential Vietnamese Living Kidney Donors
Authors: Diep Thang , Tran Tam Thai Thanh , Hoang Chuan Khac , Thai Sam Minh
Published: December 2024

Background: The accurate assessment of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in potential living kidney donors (PLKDs) is essential for successful transplantation and safeguarding kidney donation practice. Scintigraphy-measured GFR (mGFR) is widely regarded as the clinical reference standard. Various estimated GFR (eGFR) equations, such as the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Cockcroft–Gault (CG), and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations, have been developed; however, none have been specifically validated for Vietnamese PLKDs. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of eGFR formulas compared to mGFR in PLKDs. Methods: This convenience retrospective study analyzed 189 PLKDs at Cho Ray Hospital in Vietnam from January 2014 to December 2020. The eGFR was calculated using various formulas and compared to the mGFR assessed using 99mTechnetium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. Bias, accuracy, and Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the significance of the eGFR values. Results: The median mGFR was 94.20 mL/min/1.73 m2 (interquartile range [IQR]: 88.40–100.50). The eGFR values were as follows: 77.52 mL/min/1.73 m2 (IQR: 70.50–86.33) for CG; 76.14 mL/min/1.73 m2 (IQR: 68.05–83.37) for MDRD; 106.80 ± 15.24 mL/min/1.73 m2 for CKD-EPI cystatin C 2012; 96.44 ± 13.40 mL/min/1.73 m2 for CKD-EPI creatinine cystatin C 2012; 88.74 ± 13.27 mL/min/1.73 m2 for CKD-EPI creatinine 2021; and 101.32 ± 12.82 mL/min/1.73 m2 for CKD-EPI creatinine cystatin C 2021. Among these formulas, the CKD-EPI creatinine cystatin C 2012 (P30 = 98.96%) and 2021 (P30 = 97.92%) showed the best consistency with the mGFR, owing to their high accuracy, low bias, and narrow limits of agreement in the Bland–Altman plots. Conclusions: The CKD-EPI equations based on creatinine and cystatin C are reliable tools for donor screening.
Antimicrobial Resistance Associated with Mass Gatherings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pao Linda Tong , Tashani Mohamed , King Catherine , Rashid Harunor , Khatami Ameneh
Published: December 2024

Mass gatherings are associated with the spread of communicable diseases. Some studies have suggested that acquisition of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) may be associated with attendance at specific mass gatherings. This systematic review aimed to synthesise evidence on the association between attendance at mass gatherings and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and assess the prevalence of AMR at mass gatherings. A literature search of the Cochrane, Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases was performed. Studies were included if they reported original data, involved mass gatherings, and reported AMR results. Of 5559 titles screened, 44 studies met the inclusion criteria, most of which (n = 40) involved religious mass gatherings. The heterogeneity of the studies precluded a meta-analysis, hence a narrative synthesis by organism was conducted. A significant increase in antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was reported following Hajj, as was a rise in gastrointestinal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenemase genes. Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates non-susceptible to one or more antibiotics was also shown to increase from pre-Hajj to post-Hajj. There appears to be an association between attendance at mass gatherings and the acquisition of some AMR phenotypes and genotypes in some significant human pathogens, including E. coli and S. pneumoniae.
Mapping Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Hunan Province, China
Authors: Akalu Temesgen Yihunie , Clements Archie C. A. , Xu Zuhui , Bai Liqiong , Alene Kefyalew Addis
Published: December 2024

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in China, with varying treatment outcomes across different regions. Understanding the spatial distribution of DR-TB treatment outcomes is crucial for targeted interventions to improve treatment success in high-burden areas such as Hunan Province. This study aimed to map the spatial distribution of DR-TB treatment outcomes at a local level and identify sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with poor treatment outcomes in Hunan Province, China. Methods: A spatial analysis was conducted using DR-TB data from the Tuberculosis Control Institute of Hunan Province, covering the years 2013 to 2018. The outcome variable, the proportion of poor treatment outcomes, was defined as a composite measure of treatment failure, death, and loss to follow-up. Sociodemographic, economic, healthcare, and environmental variables were obtained from various sources, including the WorldClim database, the Malaria Atlas Project, and the Hunan Bureau of Statistics. These covariates were linked to a map of Hunan Province and DR-TB notification data using R software version 4.4.0. The spatial clustering of poor treatment outcomes was analyzed using the local Moran’s I and Getis–Ord statistics. A Bayesian logistic regression model was fitted, with the posterior parameters estimated using integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA). Results: In total, 1381 DR-TB patients were included in the analysis. An overall upward trend in poor DR-TB treatment outcomes was observed, peaking at 14.75% in 2018. Deaths and treatment failures fluctuated over the years, with a notable increase in deaths from 2016 to 2018, while the proportion of patients lost to follow-up significantly declined from 2014 to 2018. The overall proportion of poor treatment outcomes was 9.99% (95% credible interval (CI): 8.46% to 11.70%), with substantial spatial clustering, particularly in Anxiang (50%), Anren (50%), and Chaling (42.86%) counties. The proportion of city-level indicators was significantly associated with higher proportions of poor treatment outcomes (odds ratio (OR): 1.011; 95% CRI: 1.20 December 2024 001–1.035). Conclusions: This study found a concerning increase in poor DR-TB treatment outcomes in Hunan Province, particularly in certain high-risk areas. Targeted public health interventions, including enhanced surveillance, focused healthcare initiatives, and treatment programs, are essential to improve treatment success.
Animal Models, Therapeutics, and Vaccine Approaches to Emerging and Re-Emerging Flaviviruses
Authors: Baric Thomas J. , Reneer Z. Beau
Published: December 2024

Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses primarily transmitted through the mosquito Aedes aegypti or Culex genus of mosquitos. These viruses are predominantly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world with their geographical spread predicted to increase as global temperatures continue to rise. These viruses cause a variety of diseases in humans with the most prevalent being caused by dengue, resulting in hemorrhagic fever and associated sequala. Current approaches for therapeutic control of flavivirus infections are limited, and despite recent advances, there are no approved drugs. Vaccines, available for a few circulating flaviviruses, still have limited potential for controlling contemporary and future outbreaks. Mouse models provide us with a valuable tool to test the effectiveness of drugs and vaccines, yet for many flaviviruses, well-established mouse models are lacking. In this review, we highlight the current state of flavivirus vaccines and therapeutics, as well as our current understanding of mouse models for various flaviviruses.
Viral Transcript and Tumor Immune Microenvironment-Based Transcriptomic Profiling of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies Subtypes Associated with Prognosis
Authors: Nikitina Anastasiia , Kiriy Daria , Tyshevich Andrey , Tychinin Dmitry , Antysheva Zoya , Sobol Anastasya , Kushnarev Vladimir , Shin Nara , Brown Jessica H. , Lewis James , Lang Kuhs Krystle A. , Ferris Robert , Wirth Lori , Kotlov Nikita , Faden Daniel L.
Published: December 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-positive HNSCC) has distinct biological characteristics from HPV-negative HNSCC. Using an AI-based analytical platform on meta cohorts, we profiled expression patterns of viral transcripts and HPV viral genome integration, and classified the tumor microenvironment (TME). Unsupervised clustering analysis revealed five distinct and novel TME subtypes across patients (immune-enriched, highly immune and B-cell enriched, fibrotic, immune-desert, and immune-enriched luminal). These TME subtypes were highly correlated with patient prognosis. In order to understand specific factors associated with prognosis, we used the unsupervised clustering of an HPV-positive HNSCC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 53) based on HPV transcript expression, and identified four HPV-related subtypes (E2/E5, E6/E7, E1/E4 and L1/L2). Utilizing both viral transcript and TME subtypes, we found that the E2/E5 HPV subtype was associated with an immune-enriched TME and had a higher overall survival rate compared to other subtypes. The E2/E5 subtype was also enriched for samples without HPV-genome integration, suggesting that the episomal HPV status and E2/E5 expression pattern may be associated with an inflamed microenvironment and improved prognosis. In contrast, E6/E7 subtype samples were associated with the fibrotic and immune-desert TME subtypes, with lower values of T-cell and B-cell gene expression signatures and lower overall survival. Both E1/E4 and L1/L2 subtypes were associated with the immune-enriched luminal subtype. Our results suggest that HPV-transcript expression patterns may drive the modulation of the TME, and thereby impact prognosis.
Identifying Allosteric Small-Molecule Binding Sites of Inactive NS2B-NS3 Proteases of Pathogenic Flaviviridae
Authors: Grabski Hovakim , Grabska Siranuysh , Abagyan Ruben
Published: December 2024

Dengue, West Nile, Zika, Yellow fever, and Japanese encephalitis viruses persist as significant global health threats. The development of new therapeutic strategies based on inhibiting essential viral enzymes or viral–host protein interactions is problematic due to the fast mutation rate and rapid emergence of drug resistance. This study focuses on the NS2B-NS3 protease as a promising target for antiviral drug development. Promising allosteric binding sites were identified in two conformationally distinct inactive states and characterized for five flaviviruses and four Dengue virus subtypes. Their shapes, druggability, inter-viral similarity, sequence variation, and susceptibility to drug-resistant mutations have been studied. Two identified allosteric inactive state pockets appear to be feasible alternatives to a larger closed pocket near the active site, and they can be targeted with specific drug-like small-molecule inhibitors. Virus-specific sequence and structure implications and the feasibility of multi-viral inhibitors are discussed.
Decoding NAD+ Metabolism in COVID-19: Implications for Immune Modulation and Therapy
Authors: Song Shixu , Gan Jialing , Long Qiuyue , Gao Zhancheng , Zheng Yali
Published: December 2024

The persistent threat of COVID-19, particularly with the emergence of new variants, underscores the urgency for innovative therapeutic strategies beyond conventional antiviral treatments. Current immunotherapies, including IL-6/IL-6R monoclonal antibodies and JAK inhibitors, exhibit suboptimal efficacy, necessitating alternative approaches. Our review delves into the significance of NAD+ metabolism in COVID-19 pathology, marked by decreased NAD+ levels and upregulated NAD+-consuming enzymes such as CD38 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Recognizing NAD+’s pivotal role in energy metabolism and immune modulation, we propose modulating NAD+ homeostasis could bolster the host’s defensive capabilities against the virus. The article reviews the scientific rationale behind targeting NAD+ pathways for therapeutic benefit, utilizing strategies such as NAD+ precursor supplementation and enzyme inhibition to modulate immune function. While preliminary data are encouraging, the challenge lies in optimizing these interventions for clinical use. Future research should aim to unravel the intricate roles of key metabolites and enzymes in NAD+ metabolism and to elucidate their specific mechanisms of action. This will be essential for developing targeted NAD+ therapies, potentially transforming the management of COVID-19 and setting a precedent for addressing other infectious diseases.
Wastewater Treatment Technology for Sustainable Tourism: Sunny Beach, Ravda WWTP Case Study
Authors: Bogdanova Magdalena , Yotinov Ivaylo , Topalova Yana , Lyubomirova Valentina
Published: December 2024

The sustainable management of water resources is crucial for maintaining high-quality tourism, as it ensures the availability and reuse of water through effective wastewater treatment processes. This requires the implementation of technologies and circular measures for managing water resources. In this context, the present study focuses on the Ravda Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), which treats the wastewater of the largest coastal resort in Bulgaria, Sunny Beach. Data from seven consecutive years (2018–2024), including the years of COVID-19 measures, have been analyzed. Particular attention has been paid to analysis during the last two years of this study. For the period 2018–2022, hydrochemical parameters (total nitrogen and total phosphorus, volumetric load of activated sludge/volumetric organic load) and technological parameters (treatment efficiency, COD/BOD5) were examined. In 2023 and 2024, additional parameters such as the SVI, comparative microscopic analysis of activated sludge, dynamics and quantities of aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, the abundance of genera Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter, and the elemental composition of the water at the inlet and outlet of the treatment plant, were studied. Samples were taken from five critical control points in the course of the treatment process during the off-season, in April and November, when the plant operates with a reduced number of facilities. The aim of this study is to determine the efficiency of water treatment during the off-season and the possibility of its enlargement and improvement to meet the needs during the high season. Overall, the results of the comprehensive analyses show that the biotechnological system has significant biodegradation potential but requires improvement due to large fluctuations in the number of residents. The socio-economic and environmental situation in the area is extremely dynamic, necessitating the introduction of innovative wastewater treatment measures to balance the negative impact on the environment and ensure the sustainability of high-quality tourism.
The role of physical factors in the rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthrosis and after endoprosthetics of large joints of the lower extremities
Authors:   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery Moscow, Russia, Vasilyeva E. S. , Al-Zamil M. H. ,   Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia., Nichoga O. I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «United Sanatorium «Sochi» of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Sochi, Russia
Published: December 2024

This article presents an analytical review of the literature devoted to the use of physiotherapeutic factors in the rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthrosis and after endoprosthetics of large joints of the lower extremities. The relevance of the problem under study in medical rehabilitation is beyond doubt. Modern physiotherapeutic approaches to the rehabilitation of patients who have undergone reconstructive endoprosthetics of the lower extremity joints are considered in detail.
Comprehensive programs of physical rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors:   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Sechenov University, SC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia,, Shamilina E. A. , Koneva E. S. ,   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Sechenov University, SC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia,, Zhumanova E. N. ,   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Sechenov University, SC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia,, Lyadov K. V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of increasing functional capabilities in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and moderate spastic hemiparesis as a result of a course of specialized training using the «Neurac» method.
Material and methods. The study involved 20 patients who were divided into two groups. The first group (main) — 10 patients who
underwent exercises on the Redcord suspension system using the «Neurac» («Neuromuscular Activation») method against the background of a basic rehabilitation course (therapeutic gymnastics with an exercise therapy instructor, mechanotherapy on a cyclic simulator, medical massage);
the second group (control) — 10 patients who underwent exercises according to the basic rehabilitation course. The duration of the rehabilitation
course was 14 days. Efficiency was assessed using the Berg balance test, the Barthel index, a 10‑minute test and the average walking speed on a treadmill with BFB C-mill (km / h).
Results and discussion. A comparative assessment of the obtained results revealed that in both groups, compared with the initial data
(44.4±0.5 points in the first group and 43.6±0.8 points in the second group), there was an improvement in balance (Berg balance test) to 48±0.3 points and to 45.3±0.5 points, respectively (p≤0.05). When assessing the Barthel index, a significant improvement in the indicators of daily activity was revealed in patients of the main group — 86.9 ± 0.5 points with initial parameters of 80.1 ± 0.7 points, which is significantly higher than in the control group (p ≤ 0.05) and when assessing the 10‑minute test — 16.82 ± 5.4 points compared to 26.3 ± 5.01 points in the control group (p ≤ 0.05), with initial parameters of 22.6 ± 3.33 and 28.3 ± 3.51 points, respectively. When assessing walking on the treadmill with BFB C-mill, the average speed (km/h) upon completion of the course was 0.90±0.1 (main group) and 0.84±0.3 (control group) (p≤0.05), compared with the initial data of 0.80±0.2 and 0.84±0.3, respectively.
Conclusion. The obtained data indicate the high efficiency of the «Neurac» method in the rehabilitation of patients with MS, contributing to
the improvement of balance in statics and in movement (in particular in walking), acceleration of walking, increase in functional capabilities, as well as the patient’s level of independence in everyday life.
Portrait of an ischemic heart disease patient with low rehabilitation potential after coronary artery bypass grafting from the perspective of the international classification of functioning: focus on rehabilitation potential
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, Irkutsk, Russia, Abramovich S. G. , Knyazyuk O. O. ,   JSC «Clinical resort Angara», Irkutsk, Russia, Mikhalevich I. M. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, Irkutsk, Russia, Drobyshev V. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Novosibirsk State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: December 2024

Objective. Exploring the possibility of an international classification of functioning (ICF) to assess the entire complex of impaired functions in patients with coronary heart disease with low rehabilitation potential (RP) who underwent CABG.
Material and methods. The screening of discharge epicrisis of the medical histories of 118 patients with coronary heart disease aged 36 to 85 years (average age 63.3+2.0 years) was carried out. The main reason for the referral of patients to CABG was a multivessel lesion and significant stenosis of the coronary artery bed. The RP assessment was carried out in the way developed by the authors using a computer software product. It was revealed that high RP was detected in 27 patients, medium RP in 50 and low RP in 41 patients. To achieve the goal of the study, data from patients with low RP (main group; 41 people) and patients with high RP (comparison group; 27 people) were compared.
Results. The analysis of domain categories in patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary bypass surgery, depending on the
rehabilitation potential, showed that patients with RP deficiency have significant functional disorders in the ICF domains characterizing heart rate (b4101), myocardial contractility (b4102), coronary blood supply (b4103), general physical endurance (b4550), exercise tolerance (b460) and lipid metabolism (b5403).
Conclusion. ICF categories are an important element of effective comprehensive rehabilitation and allow you to focus not only on the key problems of the disease, but also on human functioning and global components of his health. At the same time, it is not advisable to use ICF to quantify the effectiveness of rehabilitation technologies as the only diagnostic tool. The optimal and rational approach should be considered the integrated use of both traditional methods of scientific medical statistical analysis and ICF domains. The basic set of ICF categories for cardiac patients proposed by us should be subjected to a comprehensive analysis in various clinical situations, which requires subsequent scientific research.
The impact of comprehensive rehabilitation programs developed according to the biopsychoemotional model of formation on the quality of life of disabled children with cerebral palsy
Authors:   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, JSC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia, Yeloeva O. A. , Koneva E. S. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, Zhumanova E. N. ,   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, JSC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia, Lyadov K. V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, Smekalkina L.V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

Objective. To study the effectiveness of a comprehensive rehabilitation program that includes therapeutic exercise, psychotherapy, occupational therapy, massage, and physiotherapy (oxyteplochromovibrotherapy using the Alpha Capsule device) in a complex of rehabilitation
measures for disabled children with cerebral palsy.
Material and methods. The study included 20 disabled children aged 10 to 16 years, with level II damage according to GMFCS. Patients were divided into two groups according to the rehabilitation treatment they received. The first group (n=10 patients) underwent rehabilitation treatment in the form of therapeutic exercise, massage, and physiotherapy. In the second group (n=10 patients), psychotherapy and occupational
therapy procedures were added to the complex of basic measures.
Results. The inclusion of psychotherapy and occupational therapy in the rehabilitation complex for disabled children with cerebral palsy contributed to an increase in tolerance to physical activity, a decrease in anxiety and depression, and an improvement in the quality of life of patients.
Fútbol Sala, un deporte que integra a toda la comunidad: Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Champi Huaman Percy , Ccapira Dalens Nely
Published: December 2024

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los principales temas asociados con el fútbol sala para analizar su impacto en el desarrollo integral de las personas. La metodología empleada fue descriptiva, basada en una revisión bibliográfica de 30 artículos que exploraron el fútbol sala en diversos contextos, como el proceso educativo, el rendimiento, la gestión de emociones, el estatus social, el género y el entrenamiento. Los datos se recopilaron de bases de datos académicas como Redalyc, Scielo y Dialnet. Los hallazgos resaltan la relevancia del liderazgo en el fútbol sala, el cual contribuye al aprendizaje de las reglas del juego y fomenta la participación inclusiva de personas de distintas edades, géneros y niveles de rendimiento. Además, se subraya su papel en la mejora de la eficiencia y eficacia en las organizaciones deportivas.
Gamificación como estrategia para mejorar la motivación en estudiantes universitarios: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Laca Olivos Chang Luis José Martín , Díaz García Magaly de Lourdes , Piscoche Botello César Augusto
Published: December 2024

El desafío que enfrenta el sistema educativo actual es introducir enfoques basados en juegos para estimular a mejorar el rendimiento de estudiantes. Se llevó a cabo un análisis exhaustivo sobre la implementación de la gamificación con el objetivo de explorar en detalle cómo la gamificación se empleó para aumentar la motivación en estudiantes universitarios de América Latina-período 2020 a 2023. El estudio se enmarca en un enfoque descriptivo, realizando una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos de revistas indexadas en Scopus y WOS, aplicando fórmulas de búsqueda con conectores boléanos, además los criterios de inclusión: estudios en América Latina del 2020 al 2023 y como criterios de exclusión artículos que no relacionen gamificación con la motivación de universitarios. Se encontraron 1140 artículos, seleccionando 37 artículos que cumplían con los criterios indicados. Los hallazgos revelan que el uso de gamificación como estrategia de enseñanza, logra motivar y mejorar el aprendizaje de estudiantes.
Factores motivacionales para el logro de aprendizajes: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Zevallos Apaza Juan , Chuquimia Castillo Marcos Josef , Vilca Jove Nelly Epifania , Dávila Rojas Oscar Melanio
Published: December 2024

Los resultados de aprendizaje dependen significativamente del grado de motivación en los discentes. Los estímulos provenientes de padres de familia y docentes contribuyen al éxito académico y al desarrollo personal de los estudiantes. En este contexto, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar de qué manera la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca favorece el aprendizaje. La investigación se desarrolló bajo el paradigma interpretativo, con un enfoque cualitativo, diseño documental y alcance explicativo. La revisión sistemática incluyó una muestra final de 19 artículos que reportan resultados sobre la importancia de la motivación, obtenidos de las bases de datos Scopus, Ebsco, Scielo y Latindex. Se concluyó que la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca, cuando son fomentadas adecuadamente por docentes y padres de familia, interactúan de manera complementaria, generan un efecto positivo en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes y deben acompañarse de estrategias didácticas apropiadas en el aula para afrontar los retos del aprendizaje.
Adaptación Curricular: Un puente para fomentar el liderazgo en estudiantes con habilidades diferentes
Authors: Espinoza Nuñez Clara , Simangas Villalobos Aram Roosell
Published: December 2024

Las adaptaciones curriculares desempeñan un papel fundamental en la promoción del liderazgo en estudiantes con habilidades diferentes, destacándose como una herramienta clave para garantizar la equidad educativa. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar cómo estas adaptaciones fomentan habilidades de liderazgo en contextos educativos diversos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo la Declaración PRISMA, analizando 18 estudios publicados en los últimos años. Los resultados mostraron que las estrategias implementadas, como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, el uso de tecnologías asistivas y las actividades extracurriculares, fomentaron significativamente la autoconfianza, la autonomía y el liderazgo. Estas adaptaciones se aplicaron exitosamente en niveles educativos primario, secundario, especial y superior, con impactos positivos en el desarrollo de roles activos en los estudiantes. Se concluye que las adaptaciones curriculares, diseñadas estratégicamente, no solo promueven la inclusión, sino que también fortalecen el liderazgo en estudiantes con habilidades diferentes, contribuyendo a entornos educativos más inclusivos y equitativos.
Las habilidades socioemocionales en los estudiantes de educación básica: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Pinedo Paz Mónica Araceli , Rojas Espinoza Betty Iris , Salas Flores Luis Orlando II , Carpio Mendoza Janet
Published: December 2024

Las habilidades socioemocionales juegan un papel crucial en el desarrollo educativo de los individuos. Una de las razones es que inciden en la forma en que los estudiantes interactúan con su entorno escolar, manejan los desafíos académicos, emocionales y se comprometen con el proceso de aprendizaje. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las habilidades socioemocionales en los estudiantes de educación básica. La metodología se dio mediante una revisión sistemática de diversas fuentes de las bases de datos de Google Scholar, ProQuest, EbscoHost publicados entre el 2021 y el 2023. La búsqueda se dio a partir de la utilización de boleanos AND y OR; es así que, de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 12 artículos para el análisis. Como resultado del estudio se comprende que las habilidades socioemocionales optimizan las competencias de los estudiantes generando una calidad educativa que le permite un desenvolvimiento adecuado.
Aprendizaje y enseñanza de la competencia matemática en educación inicial: Una Revisión sistemática
Authors: Salas Urquizo Yngrit Paola
Published: December 2024

El nivel de educación inicial constituye la base esencial para la adquisición de conocimientos fundamentales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el desarrollo de estrategias para el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de la competencia matemática en educación inicial. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática siguiendo el método PRISMA. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Scopus, Science Direct y Scielo, utilizando las variables "Aprendizaje de matemáticas en inicial", "Enseñanza de matemáticas en inicial" y "Competencia matemática en educación inicial", combinadas con operadores booleanos OR y AND, para el periodo 2018-2023. Se seleccionaron 18 investigaciones para el análisis. Los resultados concluyen que es crucial facilitar la exploración del significado de los números, permitiendo que los niños construyan sobre su conocimiento previo y amplíen su comprensión de los mismos.
Contesting Transactions in the Context of Various Competitive Contesting Theories
Authors: Kalugin Vladimir
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of contesting transactions in bankruptcy cases, theories of competitive contesting, protection of bona fide participants in civil transactions from unreasonable claims of invalidity of transactions they have made. The author examines the effectiveness of bankruptcy procedures in general and consideration of applications for challenging transactions in particular. There has been an increase in the overall performance of the procedures used in bankruptcy cases over the past decade. At the same time, the quality of analysis of transactions made by debtors on the eve of bankruptcy remains consistently low, which entails a relatively low percentage of satisfaction of applications for invalidity of transactions considered in bankruptcy cases. The problems of invalidity of transactions have been studied from the point of view of various theories of competitive contestation. Taking into account the subjectivist tendencies in Russian law, the author concludes, that tort and quazi-tort theories dominate in law enforcement practice. Practical recommendations are given on analyzing suspicious transactions conducted during bankruptcy procedures in order to increase the effectiveness of competitive challenging. In preparing the article, the works of pre-revolutionary and modern Russian scientists, as well as the works of foreign authors specializing in bankruptcy issues, were used.
On the Requirements for Court Judgments of Public Interest and on the Types of Judgments
Authors: Tumanov Dmitrii
Published: December 2024

The article raises the question of how relevant the Soviet requirements to court judgments are to current court judgments in cases involving the public interest protection. The environmental protection cases show that sometimes it is appropriate to deviate from the requirement of unconditional judgment, in particular, when deciding on such cases. In this regard, so-called conditional judgments should be allowed, as this may contribute to the effective protection of both the public interest and various other interests, including those of the defendant. The author also concludes that in such cases it should be allowed to issue so-called partial and intermediate judgments, the necessity of which was denied by the Soviet doctrine, but is recognized by some researchers nowadays. Although the author’s conclusions are based on environmental cases as an example, the court judgments in such cases are quite appropriate for many other public interest cases that are either already before the courts or are expected to be before them in the future (with the expansion of judicial competence). However, it does not mean that such a derogation, in particular from the requirements for a judgment (e. g. the unconditionality requirement), should become the general rule. It should be considered possible primarily in cases where such protection would be equally achieved by applying different means of protection, which at the same time do not have the same impact on the interests of the defendant, whose activities may also be of public importance.
«Federalism, the Rule of Law and Human Rights»: A Monograph Overview
Authors: Bendyurin Svetlana
Published: December 2024

Monograph on «Federalism, the Rule of Law and Human Rights» (ed. by M. S. Salikov. Ekaterinburg: Publishing House of UMTS UPI, 2020. 192 p.) reveals the main approaches to understanding the principle of the rule of law, the correlation of this principle with the form of
a federal state structure and ensuring the effective implementation of human rights, using the example of various federal states, including Russia. The authors analyzed various institutions for the protection of human rights in the context of federalism, investigated the dependence and effectiveness of these institutions, identified the features of the ombudsman institution and mechanisms for ensuring the protection of citizens’ rights through justice, identified patterns of their further development, and gave a scientific assessment of the current state of the rule of law, taking into account the federal structure, which assumes the division of competence between federal and regional bodies in the field of human rights protection.
Controle de qualidade em soluções de Minoxidil de farmácia magistral
Authors: Guareschi Reicieri Marcelo , Bertasso Ricardo Benites , Andrade Rafaella Lemes de , Souza Esdras Melo de , Nascimento Bruno de Morais
Published: December 2024

A alopecia, uma condição que impacta significativamente a autoestima e a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos, tem despertado crescente interesse na busca por tratamentos eficazes. Entre as opções terapêuticas disponíveis, o Minoxidil a 5% destaca-se como uma das soluções mais populares para estimular o crescimento capilar. No entanto, diante da ampla utilização de formulações magistrais e industrializadas desse medicamento, torna-se imprescindível avaliar e garantir a qualidade, eficácia e segurança dessas preparações.. Objetiva-se neste estudo avaliar a qualidade de amostras de Minoxidil 5%, tanto magistrais quanto industrializadas, através de ensaios físico-químicos, como pH, densidade, resistência à centrifugação e dosagem por espectrofotometria UV-Vis. Para tanto, procede-se à análise de quatro amostras, sendo três manipuladas em farmácias e uma industrializada, adquiridas em um município do interior de Goiás. Utilizou-se espectrofotometria UV-Vis para quantificar o teor de Minoxidil nas soluções e comparar os resultados entre as amostras. Desse modo, observa-se que apenas uma das amostras magistrais estava dentro dos limites de aceitação estabelecidos pela Farmacopeia Brasileira, enquanto outras apresentaram resultados abaixo do esperado, indicando possíveis falhas na pesagem ou na qualidade das matérias-primas. O que permite concluir que há necessidade de maior rigor no controle de qualidade das farmácias de manipulação para assegurar a eficácia terapêutica dessas formulações.