bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Hypothyroidism in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients
Authors: V Sudharsanan , S Prabhu Shankar , V Viknesh
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting over 800 million people worldwide, primarily attributed to diabetes, hypertension, and other risk factors. The progression of CKD leads to significant complications, including cardiovascular disease, anemia, and metabolic bone disorders. Hypothyroidism, a condition marked by deficient thyroid hormone levels, is known to affect patients with CKD through impacts on thyroid metabolism. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over three months in a tertiary care center in South India. The study involved 237 CKD patients who provided informed consent and met inclusion criteria. Patients with medication histories that could influence thyroid function or those with acute kidney injury were excluded. Detailed clinical assessments and laboratory analyses of renal and thyroid functions were performed. Results: The study population had a mean age of 50.6 years, with 61.2% females. Hypothyroidism was observed in 27.4% of the patients, predominantly
subclinical (22.36%) rather than overt hypothyroidism (5.06%). CKD severity correlated significantly with hypothyroidism prevalence, with increased hypothyroidism rates in advanced CKD stages (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and TSH (r = -0.147, p = 0.023), suggesting declining kidney function aligns with thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion: This study highlights a notable correlation between CKD progression and the occurrence of hypothyroidism, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism. Findings suggest a need for routine thyroid evaluation in CKD patients to facilitate early detection and management of thyroidrelated complications, improving patient outcomes.
The circle game
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco. Instituto Biofisika. Dpto. de Bioquímica., Alonso Alicia , Prieto Manuel ,   Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior Técnico. Centro Química-Física Molecular, Goñi Félix M. ,   Universidad del País Vasco. Instituto Biofisika. Dpto. de Bioquímica.
Published: February 2025

This essay is devoted to a multidisciplinary analysis of the circle (and the related figures sphere and cylinder) in Nature, the Arts and the Sciences. The figures are first defined in terms of Euclidean Geometry. Then follows a historical consideration of the shapes of the celestial bodies, and of the Universe itself, and the surprising formal parallelism of the Copernican cosmos and Bohr’s atomic structure. The relevance of the circle in Mysticism, Religion and the para-sciences is discussed. Specific sections are devoted to the circle in Mechanics, Art, Architecture and Biology. Abundant graphical examples are provided. A closing discussion deals with the difficulties in explaining in a rational way the obvious attraction felt by humans along the ages for these deceptively simple shapes.
Evolutionary analysis of human porsociality: an approach based on the study of HPA axis related genes in informative ancient populations
Authors:   University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. Faculty of Science and Technology. Dept. of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Aldasoro-Zabala Aloña , Hervella Montse ,   University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. Faculty of Science and Technology. Dept. of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, De-la-Rúa Concepción ,   University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. Faculty of Science and Technology. Dept. of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology
Published: February 2025

An analysis of genetic variants (SNPs, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) related to behaviors that may have favored the social and biological adaptation of our species in the last ~40,000 years has been carried out. These genetic polymorphisms are related to behaviors regulated by the HPA (Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal) axis and have been analysed in a sample of human genomes collected from different paleogenomic databases. The obtained results show the complexity of the "prosociability" phenotypes, detecting however the existence of possible temporal changes in the allelic frequencies of some genes, such as OXTR (Oxytocin Receptor), which can be related to the development of prosocial behaviors since the end of the Upper Palaeolithic.
Music and numbers
Authors:   Jakiunde, Zientzia, Arte eta Letren Akademia, Marco Tomás
Published: February 2025

The article starts from the mathematical origin of music in Greek culture, underlining the birth of notes, modes and scales, without losing sight of references to other cultures. On this basis, attention is paid to the medieval development of Greek modes and polyphony. Special attention is given to the vertical listening of music, the tempered scale and tonal harmony, and the relationship between music and architecture, illustrated by ancient and modern examples. Finally, it looks at stochastic music, fractals and other music of mathematical origin. The article closes with a projection of the future.
Music & AI: Requiem or Symphony
Authors:   Veridas Digital Authentication Solutions, Olcoz Basarte Iñigo , Eslava Arraiza Sergio , Arbona Puértolas Leire ,   Veridas Digital Authentication Solutions, Morrás Andrés Esteban ,   Veridas Digital Authentication Solutions
Published: February 2025

In the current era where Artificial Intelligence (AI) is leading to the automation of cognitive skills that were previously only imaginable within the capabilities of human intelligence, and where the synthetic generation of art in the field of musical composition is also reaching the general public, we wonder whether the impact of Artificial Intelligence on music will lead to a democratisation of new possibilities for artistic expression or, on the contrary, will result in a trivialization that leads to a progressively lower musical quality. To address this question, this article embarks on a journey through the historical dialectic between music and technology, seeks parallels in disciplines such as chess that have undergone similar processes, explores the inseparability between merit and artistic outcome and between musical and extra-musical factors, analyses the recent and current impact of algorithmics on avant-garde musical composition, reviews the current legal and juridical status regarding musical authorship, and ethically reflects on Artificial Intelligence through the experience of working daily with AI tools. Our conclusion is that music must prevail, because the human being must prevail.
Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Symptom Severity in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A Patient-Centered Survey
Authors: Qaisar Farooq  , Shujaat Hassan
Published: February 2025

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent condition significantly influenced by dietary patterns. Understanding the relationship between diet and GERD symptom severity is crucial for effective management, particularly in populations with unique dietary practices, such as Pakistan. Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between dietary habits and GERD symptom severity in the Pakistani population, focusing on culturally specific dietary triggers and their impact on quality of life. Methods: A patient-centered cross-sectional survey was conducted among 76 participants aged 18 years and above, recruited from outpatient clinics and community settings. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, including demographic information, medical history, dietary habits (assessed via a modified Food Frequency Questionnaire), and GERD symptom severity (evaluated using the GERD-Q tool). Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, were performed using SPSS version 25. Results: Among participants, 65% (n=49) were diagnosed with GERD, and 35% (n=27) reported symptomatic but undiagnosed GERD. Frequent consumption of spicy foods (50%, n=38), fried foods (45%, n=34), and caffeinated beverages (65%, n=49) was strongly associated with increased symptom severity (p < 0.001). Moderate to severe symptoms were reported by 70% (n=53), significantly impacting daily activities and sleep. Despite treatment, 40% (n=30) expressed dissatisfaction with their management plan. Conclusion: Dietary patterns play a critical role in GERD symptom severity and quality of life in the Pakistani population. Culturally tailored dietary interventions and improved management strategies are needed to address this burden effectively.
Awareness and Knowledge of Biosimilars Among Rheumatologists and Patients
Authors: Muhammad Shiraz Niaz  , Sana Suhail  , Usama Mahmood
Published: February 2025

Background: Biosimilars offer cost-effective alternatives to biologics in rheumatology; however, their adoption remains hindered by physician hesitancy and patient misconceptions. Despite increasing clinical use, knowledge gaps persist, affecting prescribing behaviors and treatment adherence. Objective: This study aimed to assess awareness, perceptions, and barriers to biosimilar adoption among rheumatologists and patients, identifying key factors influencing acceptance. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 22 rheumatologists and 66 patients in clinical rheumatology settings. Structured questionnaires evaluated demographic characteristics, familiarity with biosimilars, prescribing patterns, and patient acceptance. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25, employing chi-square tests and t-tests to assess statistical significance, with p-values <0.05 considered significant. Results: Among rheumatologists, 80% (n=18, p=0.021) were very familiar with biosimilars, and 75% (n=16, p=0.017) had received formal education, yet only 70% (n=15, p=0.015) had prescribed them. Among patients, 60% (n=40, p=0.003) rated their biosimilar knowledge as poor, and 55% (n=36, p=0.006) were unsure about their safety and efficacy. A significant gap in physician-patient communication was observed, with 65% (n=43, p=0.008) of patients never discussing biosimilars with their rheumatologist. Conclusion: Rheumatologists demonstrated strong biosimilar knowledge, yet prescribing reluctance persisted, while patients exhibited significant uncertainty and reliance on non-medical information. Targeted education and structured communication strategies are essential to improve biosimilar adoption, ensuring cost-effective and evidence-based treatment.
En studie av lexikalisk variation för PUPPA och KOKONG i 1700-talets tidiga fackordförråd
Authors: Rogström Lena
Published: February 2025

During the 18th century, Sweden gained an important position in the emerging natural sciences, with Carl Linnaeus as a prominent figure. The scientific vocabulary in Swedish began to develop. This article studies how the two entomological concepts PUPPA and KOKONG were established and expressed lexically between 1740–1850. The questions addressed are which words are used, why these particular words were chosen and how the variation can be explained. The study uses cognitive theory, and the material is taken from 86 entomological texts by 13 authors. The results show that the concept PUPPA is rather immediately labelled with puppa. The reason is that Linnaeus saw a strong connection between the pupa’s resemblance to a swadelled baby and the meaning of pupa being ‘little girl’ in Latin. The lexical variation for KOKONG was greater, although puppa dominated, often in compounds such as puppehud. Kokong, however, was not used. Possible explanations might be that kokong was primarily associated with the silkworm and that the development of the pupal stage was not yet fully mapped. Accordingly, the pupa was difficult to distinguish from the cocoon. The study shows that the words used for PUPPA and KOKONG can be linked to different cognitive functions and to the image schema CONTAINER. The development of specialised language is thus based on general language use. As entomology developed, the lexical variation in Swedish was limited, while Latin gained an increasingly strong position.
Bitransitivt bruk av verbet göra
Authors: Valdeson Fredrik
Published: February 2025

The study investigates change in the use of the verb göra ‘make, do’ in the double object construction (DOC) and prepositional object constructions (POCs) with till and åt in Sweden Swed-ish and Finland Swedish prose fiction texts between 1800 and 1999. In both the Sweden Swedish and the Finland Swedish data, the use of göra in the DOC decreases in text frequency and in lexical richness (i.e. the number of nouns available as direct object). In the Sweden Swedish data, the use of POCs increases in the second half of the twentieth century. No such increase was found in the Finland Swedish data. In the nineteenth century, göra occurs mainly in the DOC as a light verb with abstract direct objects in both Sweden Swedish and Finland Swedish, and only occasionally appears as a verb of creation with concrete direct objects. The decrease of göra in the DOC is concomitant with a general decrease in the use of göra as a light verb. In Sweden Swedish, göra in the åt-POC and till-POC is increasingly associated with concrete direct objects. The increase of the POCs in Sweden Swedish indicates that göra is more frequently used as a default verb of creation. The preposition åt is generally considered a “Finland-ism”, being more frequent in Finland Swedish than in Sweden Swedish. The results of the study indicate no such tendency. It is possible that the scarcity of POCs in the late twentieth century Finland Swedish texts is due to the fact that Finland Swedish authors try to avoid Finlandisms.
ԶՈՒՅԳ ԵՎ ԿԵՆՏ ԹՎԵՐԻ ՈՒՍՈՒՄՆԱՍԻՐՄԱՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ ՏԱՐՐԱԿԱՆ ԴԱՍԱՐԱՆՆԵՐՈՒՄ
Authors: Avanesyan Lida , Shakaryan Karine
Published: February 2025

The article presents the pedagogical conditions that are necessary for getting acquainted with even and odd numbers, applying knowledge about them in further topics, and solving problems.
The materials contained in the article can be useful for future and current teachers of elementary grades. parity of numbers in history and culture, the behavior of parity of numbers in action, didactic games, problems, and a mathematical fairy tale.
Attention and interest in even and odd numbers have always been relevant at different stages of the development of society. Consequently, in the school curriculum, the idea of ​​​​these numbers is a cornerstone and accompanies the entire four years of primary school.
ՖԻԶԻԿԱՅԻ ԳՈՐԾՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՇԽԱՏԱՆՔՆԵՐԻ ԿԱԶՄԱԿԵՐՊՈՒՄՆ ՈՒ ԻՐԱԿԱՆԱՑՈՒՄԸ ԴՊՐՈՑՈՒՄ
Authors: Gasparyan Shushanik
Published: February 2025

Practical work is considered to be an important method for organizing the tutorial process in the general education system. The best motivation to awaken interest of pupils towards education is to periodically conduct practical works. Various types of practical works have been discussed. To achieve the best way of teaching, it is necessary to regularly carry out practical works, which will assist in exercising the pupils’ theoretical knowledge in the practical sphere.
CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS IN SOLVING OPEN-ENDED PROBLEMS WITH JUMPING TASKS
Authors: Ummah Bintana
Published: February 2025

The ability to think creatively is one of the abilities that students must have when learning mathematics. Creative thinking ability is a student's thinking ability where students can understand and find solutions to problems in various ways. This study aims to describe students' creative thinking abilities with indicators of fluency, flexibility and novelty in solving open-ended based problems with jumping tasks on two-variable linear equation systems. The type of study used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data is presented in the form of pictures of student work and interview transcripts. The subjects of this study were 25 students in class VIII A of MTs Wahid Hasyim Balung. The instrument used is an open ended based creative thinking ability test with jumping task and interview guidelines. The study results showed that 32% of class 8A students had creative thinking abilities, 40% were quite creative, 16% were less creative and 12% were not creative.
INDUSTRY 5.0 REVOLUTION AND EDUCATION: ACHIEVING EQUALITY THROUGH TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Rahma Icha Aulia , Mia Permata Sari Mia Permata Sari , Saipul Annur
Published: February 2025

The Industrial Revolution 5.0 marks a new era in technological development, focusing on harmonious collaboration between humans and technology to create a balance between advanced technological capabilities and human emotional needs and creativity. In education, it is changing the way teaching and learning is done by integrating technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR), enabling more personalized and adaptive learning and helping teachers focus on character development and critical thinking skills student. This research uses a literature study method, collecting data from relevant books, journals and magazines without a field survey. Literature analysis reveals a significant increase in the use of educational technology, the importance of the role of teachers as facilitators and mentors, curriculum transformation to develop 21st century skills, and gaps in access and quality of education due to uneven technology adoption. Additionally, hybrid learning models that combine face-to-face and online are becoming increasingly popular, offering greater flexibility and accessibility. These findings highlight the challenges and opportunities in education in the Industrial Revolution 5.0 era, such as ensuring equitable access to technology, maintaining the relevance of the teacher's role, and maintaining a balance between technical and human aspects in education. Thus, education must adapt to meet future needs influenced by technological developments, while maintaining essential human values.
THE APPLICATION OF MIMICRY-MEMORIZATION METHOD IN ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING FOR CLASS 2 STUDENTS AT MI AL-IKHLAS ASSUNNIYYAH KENCONG JEMBER
Authors: Furoidah Asni , Johan Indrus Tofaynudin
Published: February 2025

In an effort to improve understanding and mastery of Arabic vocabulary, the application of the mimicry-memorization method is an excellent encouragement for students' Arabic learning so that learning Arabic feels easy and fun. This study aims to make it easier for students to understand Arabic vocabulary at MI Al-Ikhlas Assunniyyah Kencong Jember. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type with data collection through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that the students of MI Al-Ikhlas Assunniyyah Kencong Jember were very enthusiastic and helped in understanding Arabic vocabulary. With this mim-mem method, it is hoped that students at MI Al-Ikhlas Assunniyyah Kencong Jember can understand and master Arabic vocabulary well and correctly.
Pengaruh Strategi Mastery Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa di SD Negeri 4 Lintang Kanan
Authors: Nike Netriani  , Kharisma Pratidina
Published: February 2025

Improving the quality of education, of course, is inseparable from the teaching and learning process as the main activity in schools, Mathematics is one of the very important branches of science that is taught at every level of education starting from elementary school (SD) to high school (SMA), there is also this research carried out at SD Negeri 4 Lintang Kanan in grade 5, The purpose of this study is to have a positive influence by using the Mastery Learning Strategy in Mathematics lessons with measurement materials, time distance and speed, this research was carried out after seeing pre-cycle observations that obtained incomplete score results due to lack of concentration from students who were still less active and playing games in learning, and learning was still monotonous, after cycle 1 and cycle 2 the students' grades became complete With an average score of 78 indigo, this study uses observation sheets, and a written essay test to obtain accurate data.
Tie Dye Reborn : Sebagai Simponi Modern Warna-Warni dalam Konteks Pembelajaran di SD Negeri Desa Salakbrojo, Kedungwuni, Pekalongan
Authors: Ima Rosila  , Umi Mahmudah
Published: February 2025

TIE DYE, a fabric dyeing technique that combines bright colors and unique patterns, which can be integrated into the context of art learning in elementary schools. At SDN Desa Salakbrojo, Kedungwuni, Pekalongan, the existence of the TIE DYE technique has begun to be introduced in the art education process, providing space for exploration of student creativity through a dynamic, colorful approach. This study aims to analyze the use of TIE DYE as an art learning method that can inspire students, improve fine motor skills, and introduce the concept of art in elementary education at SDN Desa Salakbrojo. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews with teachers, and document analysis related to the implementation of the TIE DYE technique in learning. Data sources also include student work produced during the learning process. The results of this study indicate that TIE DYE can be used as an alternative learning method that is fun and effective in improving children's creativity and art skills. The use of this technique also provides new insights into how to integrate batik art into the elementary education curriculum, which can increase students' learning motivation and self-expression. Thus, TIE DYE can be part of the development of innovative art education in elementary schools. Keywords: tie dye reborn, jumputan batik, elementary school
Membangun Pengetahuan Ekonomi Sederhana Sehari-hari untuk Anak-Anak di Desa Gongsol
Authors: M. Naufal Ausaf Assegaf
Published: February 2025

This article is Building Simple Everyday Economic Knowledge for Children in Gongsol Village aims to equip children with basic economic skills that are relevant to everyday life. Teaching concepts such as saving, money management, production, and distribution of goods at an early age provides an important foundation for the development of financial and cooperation skills. Children are involved in practical activities such as making piggy banks from recycled materials and participating in productive activities that teach the values ​​of hard work and economics. In addition to improving understanding of economics, this program also develops character, discipline, responsibility, and interpersonal skills such as negotiation and leadership. Increasing children's motivation to learn is another significant result of this program, with varied learning methods that encourage them to participate more actively. It is hoped that the economic knowledge that is taught from an early age can help children in Gongsol Village to be wiser in managing their resources, building a more independent future, and contributing to the welfare of their village in a sustainable manner.
Sosialisasi Pentingnya Menabung Pada Anak Usia Dini di Desa Gongsol Kecamatan Merdeka Kabupaten Karo
Authors: Mela Carisa  , Adinda Wizurai Siregar  , Amellya Ade Rewina Br Sibarani
Published: February 2025

This community service activity aims to increase awareness and understanding of early childhood children regarding the importance of saving, especially in facing financial challenges in the future. This program is implemented in Gongsol Village, Merdeka District, Karo Regency, and involves children and parents as the main participants. Through an approach that includes socialization, mentoring, and evaluation, this activity focuses on developing savings habits from an early age as part of basic financial literacy. The methods used in this program include initial surveys, interviews, direct socialization, and the creation of educational media in the form of creative piggy banks to motivate children to be more enthusiastic about saving. The results of this activity show a significant increase in children's understanding of the concept of saving, its benefits, and how to do it effectively. In addition, this program also educates parents about the importance of supporting children in forming savings habits from an early age, in order to prepare them for financial challenges in the future. This socialization has been proven to be able to form a more positive mindset regarding financial management in children, teaching them discipline, responsibility, and independence in managing their pocket money. This program is also expected to be integrated into the school curriculum in the village, to strengthen the habit of saving as part of character education and financial literacy. With ongoing support from various parties, including schools and families, the habit of saving from an early age can be the foundation for the financial stability of individuals and society as a whole.
Pengaruh Digital terhadap Minat Masyarakat di Perkotaan tentang Rumah Bergaya Arsitektur Modern Minimalis
Authors: Siti Arum Isnawati  , Mikdad Tauhid
Published: February 2025

Technology is developing very quickly, this makes it easier for people to get information through various media platforms. Architects use these technological developments to simplify and promote their work and educate the public. This article aims to find out how digital influence can influence urban people's interest in modern minimalist architectural style housing. The research data collection method uses library research and the data analysis method used is qualitative. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that architects use digital technology as a tool to simplify, speed up and showcase their work. Residences with a modern minimalist architectural style have become very popular and are in great demand by urban communities because their shape optimizes function and is considered to suit their lifestyle.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Interior Ruang Keluarga dengan Konsep Kontemporer pada Sekolah SMK (BM) Pab 3 Medan Estate
Authors: Rani Hermita  , Juli Atika  , Anggi Ayumi C
Published: February 2025

The design of a family room with a contemporary concept aims to create a comfortable, functional, and aesthetic space according to the needs of the user. The contemporary concept prioritizes a simple, clean, and flexible design by combining modern materials such as glass, metal, and concrete with natural elements such as wood and stone. The selection of neutral colors is combined with bold color accents to give a dynamic impression. The layout of the room is designed to be efficient with comfortable circulation and the use of minimalist and multifunctional furniture. Natural lighting is maximized through the use of large openings, supported by warm artificial lighting to create a comfortable atmosphere. The integration of smart home technology is also applied to increase the comfort and ease of use of the space. The design results are expected to produce a family room that is modern, functional, and supports interaction between family members.
Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk 3M Plus Sebagai Upaya Preventif Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Desa Labuhan Sumbawa Kecamatan Labuhan Sumbawa
Authors: Hamid Abdul , Hamdin Hamdin  , Putri Adekayanti
Published: February 2025

Efforts to control Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) through breaking the chain of DHF transmission, namely preventing Aedes aegypti mosquito bites. This community activity aims to control and prevent DHF through Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) 3M Plus. DHF is still increasing and is a health dilemma. Lack of public enlightenment on preventing DHF through PSN 3M Plus activities is the cause of DHF continuing to increase every year. This Community Service activity was carried out using the Rapid Action method which was followed by the Community and the Family Empowerment and Welfare Group (TIM PKK) of Labuhan Sumbawa Village, Labuhan Badas District along with students of the Public Health Undergraduate Study Program in accelerating the optimization of the implementation of PSN 3M Plus which was carried out on Friday, January 10, 2025. It is hoped that there will be ongoing intervention related to the implementation of PSN 3M Plus in order to continuously strive for the active participation of the community and (TIM PKK) of Labuhan Sumbawa Village, Labuhan Badas District in carrying out PSN 3M Plus independently, especially in the 1 house 1 mosquito larvae movement. The community needs to be reminded of the importance of PSN 3M Plus which is easy, cheap, safe, and effective
CONCEPT OF GOD-CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE RELIGIOUS THOUGHT OF SHAH WALI-ALLAH
Authors:   Department of Islamic Studies, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India, Lone Niyaz Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Shah Wali-Allah occupies a prominent place among the Muslim scholar who evaluated the society as a whole. He was the only Muslim scholar during his times who endeavored to provide the solution for religious, political, social, economic and moral aspects of Muslim society. His time period witnessed religious unawareness, economic exploitation, political downfall and moral degradation of the Muslims. The main reason was carelessness of the Muslims towards Islam. So, accordingly, Shah Wali-Allah initiated his religious activities. He attempted to bring the Muslims close to Qur’an and Sunnah. He resisted against all the innovations, superstitions and un-Islamic elements. He presented a pure concept of all the aspects of Islamic teachings. In the present manuscript we concern ourselves with Shah Wali-Allah’s concept of God-consciousness from his different compilations by applying analytical and critical research method.
ACADEMIC ISSUES OF RESEARCH OF WRITTEN SOURCES IN STUDY OF HISTORIC-ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OF GANJA BASED ON MATERIALS OF THE LATE MIDDLE AGES
Authors:   Ganja Branch of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Ganja, Azerbaijan, Hasanov Elnur
Published: February 2025

In this paper various documents for the Late Middle Ages have been investigated as the important springs in study of historic-cultural and architectural heritage of Ganja city. The official military documents of the former Russian Empire contain detailed historical information about the economy, culture, demography and political history of the city of Ganja and the Khanate. The materials in the funds of different archives, together with other sources of the researched period, allow us to objectively study of the history, also cultural heritage of the Ganja Khanate and this ancient city. Based on various materials also have been investigated the main features of handicrafts during the late Middle Ages.
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of episodic memory formation through hippocampal synaptic plasticity
Authors: Chen Xi
Published: February 2025

Background: Recall of specific events, which is known as episodic memory, relies heavily on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Molecular and cellular processes that mediate this phenomenon are intricate and include neuronal and glial functions, signaling pathways, and synaptic reorganization. Objective: This work will address the molecular and cellular aspects of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and its role in the formation of episodic memories through processes including dendritic spine remodelling, astrocytes and microglia, and epigenetics. Methodology: Literature review of recent findings and theoretical frameworks such as Morris’s neurobiological theory of the hippocampus was done to synthesize the molecular markers, signaling pathways, and neuromodulation. Experimental data regarding the involvement of calcium signaling, synaptic tagging, and protein synthesis dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in memory formation were reviewed. Results: This paper discusses how calcium influx, CaMKII activation and CREB-mediated transcription contribute to the preservation of LTP. Dendritic spine remodeling is highlighted as a key structural process and astrocytes and microglia are identified to regulate synaptic plasticity and neural circuit function. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation, relate synaptic activity to the expression of genes associated with memory. Conclusion: Results of this study explain the molecular and cellular mechanisms of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and the formation of episodic memory. These findings provide a basis for future research on potential treatment for memory related diseases and underscore the significance of molecular biology in cognitive neuroscience.
Examining the Causes of Obesity and Their Effects on the Physical and Psychological Well-Being of Women Leaders in Qatari Society: An Empirical Study
Authors: Alghuwayri Azizah Nouh , El-Gohary Hatem
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify the main factors contributing to the rise in obesity rates among women in Qatari society and to examine its impact on their physical and psychological health. The research follows a positivist approach, using a questionnaire distributed to a random sample of distinguished women in leadership positions. Two hundred twenty-four questionnaires were distributed, and 220 were fully completed, forming the actual sample size. The study employs fundamental statistical analyses, including demographic distributions and percentage frequencies, and statistical tools, such as correlation analysis and regression analysis, to understand relationships between variables like poor dietary habits, physical activity levels, genetic predisposition, and socio-cultural norms. The findings indicate that poor dietary habits, cultural and social factors, genetic predisposition, and lack of physical activity are the main contributors to the high obesity rates among Qatari women. Obesity leads to physical health issues such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease, as well as psychological effects like increased depression and lower self-esteem. This study provides reliable data and statistics for future research, aiding a deeper understanding of obesity in Qatar. It offers practical recommendations for improving the health of women leaders through health education programs and the promotion of physical activity. Additionally, the study contributes to public awareness about obesity risks and encourages an improved quality of life within Qatari society.
The Role of Religiosity and Social Support in Predicting Gratitude Among Adolescents and Adults
Authors: Al-Asmari Abdullah Abdulrahman , Qasem Abdelmureed Abdel Gaber , Al-Zahrany Bandar Alalam , Ismail Ramadan Mohamed
Published: February 2025

This study endeavors to investigate the predictive role of religiosity and social support in fostering   gratitude. It further aims to elucidate the intricate relationships between gratitude, religiosity, and social support. Additionally, the study seeks to identify potential age-related differences in gratitude between adolescents and adults. The study employed a convenience sample of 175 participants from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, specifically Riyadh. The sample comprised two age groups: adolescents (n = 95) and adults (n = 80). The adolescent group consisted of high school students (boys and girls) with an average age of 15.8 years (SD = 0.54). The adult group included teachers from the same schools with an average age of 29 years (SD = 5). participated in this study. Data collection employed validated instruments: the Arabic Multidimensional Social Support Scale (MDSSS) by Dion & Dunn et al. (1987) adapted by Aserssa & Abdel-Maksoud (2001), the Arabic Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6) by McCullough & Emmons (2002) further refined by Southpaw et al. (2005), and a researcher-developed measure of religiosity. Analysis revealed significant positive relationships    between religiosity and social support, with adults exhibiting higher gratitude than adolescents. Importantly, all three variables (religiosity, social support, and peer support) emerged as significant predictors of gratitude.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE O ESPAÇO E O CÂNCER DE BOCA: POR UMA EPIDEMIOLOGIA GEORREFERENCIADA
Authors: Sobrinho Bueno Hugo , Pontim Pistolato Beatriz , Estevam Simonato Luciana
Published: February 2025

Introdução: O câncer de boca, uma neoplasia maligna epitelial comum, representa mais de 90% dos
tumores malignos da região de cabeça e pescoço, com uma taxa de mortalidade elevada. Sua incidência
aumentou em 68% nas últimas duas décadas, com maior prevalência entre homens acima dos 50 anos.
Os principais fatores de risco incluem tabagismo, etilismo, exposição solar crônica e infecção pelo
papilomavírus humano (HPV). Objetivos: O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a distribuição espacial
do câncer de cavidade oral e relacionar essa distribuição com fatores associados à doença. Material e
Métodos: Este estudo consistiu em uma revisão da literatura, com levantamento bibliográfico nas bases
de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e PubMed, abrangendo artigos científicos dos últimos dez
anos sobre o tema. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de uma abordagem temática, composta
por três etapas: pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados. Resultados e Discussão:
A exposição a fatores de risco, como hábitos de vida, condições socioeconômicas, características
topográficas, nível de escolaridade, profissão, saneamento, qualidade da dieta e o tempo entre
diagnóstico e tratamento, influencia o desenvolvimento e o estágio do câncer de boca. A análise da
distribuição espacial é crucial para identificar áreas de risco e vulnerabilidade. Essas áreas revelam
padrões significativos na prevalência da doença e nas disparidades no acesso a serviços de saúde.
Conclusão: Populações em condiçõessocioeconômicas desfavorecidas enfrentam dificuldades no acesso
a serviços de saúde devido à descentralização dos recursos e à falta de percepção sobre a importância da
prevenção. O acesso a serviços odontológicos na atenção primária é fundamental para reduzir
significativamente as taxas de mortalidade por câncer de boca. A análise dos determinantes sociais e
espaciais permite uma intervenção em saúde mais direta e equitativa, adaptada às necessidades
específicas das populações em risco.
IMPACTO DO DIABETES MELLITUS GESTACIONAL NA SAÚDE MATERNA E FETAL
Authors: Petini Passerini Juliana , Capitanio Batista Fabiana , Oliveira Silva Cavalheiro Tharinne , Soares Figueiredo Isadora , Passini de Queiroz Caroline , Bercelli Zanoveli Pedreiro Paula
Published: February 2025

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) é uma patologia que atinge uma parte
considerável das gestantes e frequentemente é associada a inúmeras complicações para mãe e feto. O
DMG é definido por altos níveis de glicose no sangue durante a gestação, que não acomodam os
padrões para diabetes tipo 1 ou tipo 2. A descoberta e manejo do DMG são indispensáveis para reduzir
os efeitos adversos na saúde materna e fetal. Objetivos: A pesquisa visa, de forma ampla, entender
como o DMG afeta a saúde da gestante e do feto. O objetivo específico consiste em identificar e
detalhar os potenciais complicações e riscos relacionados ao DMG, fundamentando- se em uma
análise da literatura científica existente. Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura
nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura LatinoAmericana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Para a
seleção dos artigos relevantes, foram empregados os termos "Diabetes gestacional", "saúde materna",
"complicações do diabetes" e "gravidez". Ao todo, 15 estudos foram identificados e cumpriram os
critérios de inclusão estabelecidos para análise. Resultados e Discussão: A análise realizada indicou
que o Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) está ligado a diversas complicações tanto para a gestante
quanto para o recém-nascido. Gestantes que apresentam DMG enfrentam um risco elevado de
condições como pré-eclâmpsia, partos prematuros e macrossomia fetal. Adicionalmente, há uma
chance maior que essas mulheres desenvolvam diabetes tipo 2 após o parto. Nos fetos as repercussões
incluem aumento na ocorrência de malformações congênitas, hipoglicemia neonatal, icterícia e
síndrome da angústia respiratória. Esses resultados corroboram a literatura atual, apontando que sem
manejo adequado, o DMG pode resultar em complicações significativas. Conclusão: O DMG impacta
consideravelmente a saúde da mãe e do feto. Complicações como pré-eclâmpsia, partos prematuros e
problemas neonatais frequentemente estão ligadas ao DMG. Para melhorar os resultados de saúde, é
crucial uma gestão eficiente da condição e acompanhamento constante. Medidas precoces e
monitoramento rigoroso podem diminuir os riscos associados e aprimorar a qualidade de vida das
gestantes e recém-nascidos. É fundamental que estudos futuros realizem investigação para estratégias
de prevenção e tratamento mais eficazes, visando reduzir os efeitos adversos do DMG.
COVID-19: O QUE JÁ SABEMOS EM 2024
Authors: Petini Passerini Juliana , Amaral Emidio Lucas , Bercelli Zanoveli Pedreiro Paula , Miraveti Tarlau Emidio Franciele , Oliveira Silva Cavalheiro Tharinne
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A Covid-19 é caracterizada como uma infecção respiratória aguda causada por um tipo de
coronavírus – o SARS-CoV-2 – um beta coronavírus descoberto em pacientes com pneumonia de causa
desconhecida na cidade de Wuhan, província de Hubei na China, em dezembro de 2019. Pertencente à
família Coronaviridae, é o sétimo tipo de coronavírus identificado por infectar seres humanos, de
maneira potencialmente grave. Foi declarado com emergência de saúde pública pela OMS em 30 de
janeiro de 2020 e pandemia em meados de março. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é revisar e discutir
as formas de transmissão, manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico e tratamento da COVID-19, destacando
as evidências mais recentes e as estratégias de manejo da doença. Material e Métodos: Este estudo
baseia-se em uma revisão de literatura em que foram reunidas as informações de artigos, periódicos e
outras fontes para uma análise qualitativa, por meio do método exploratório. Como critério de inclusão
foram adotados artigos que correspondiam ao tema proposto, em português e inglês com ano de
publicação entre 2020 e 2024. Resultados e Discussão: A COVID-19 é transmitida por contato,
gotículas e aerossóis e o período de incubação de 1 e 14 dias. A transmissão pode ocorrer antes do
aparecimento dos sintomas, o que destaca a importância de medidas preventivas em toda a população. A
presença de comorbidades preexistentes pode impactar no agravamento da doença. Clinicamente, a
COVID- 19 pode manifestar-se de forma assintomática a formas graves que requerem internação
hospitalar. O diagnóstico é baseado em critérios clínicos e laboratoriais, sendo o RT-PCR padrão ouro.
O diagnóstico clínico é caracterizado como síndrome gripal que pode ser definida como um quadro
respiratório agudo associado a pelo menos dois dos seguintes sinais e sintomas: febre, calafrios, dor de
garganta, cefaleia, tosse, coriza, anosmia e algesia. A tomografia computadorizada também é útil em
casos graves. O tratamento baseia-se no manejo dos sintomas e prevenção de complicações. Seis
medicamentos são aprovados pela ANVISA, apenas dois são de uso domiciliar. Conclusão: O
entendimento das formas de transmissão e manifestações clínicas da COVID-19 são fundamentais para
o manejo eficaz da doença. A prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento adequado são essenciais para
reduzir a mortalidade e morbidade associadas ao SARS-CoV-2. Entender as condições clínicoepidemiológicas relacionadas a doença são importantes no planejamento de estratégias e ações no
enfrentamento da patologia garantindo recuperação da saúde dos doentes e reabilitação para retorno a
vida cotidiana.
ASPECTOS PSICOSSOCIAIS DA SÍNDROME DE TURNER
Authors: Alves de Oliveira Rafael , Regina da Costa Aguiar Alba
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A Síndrome de Turner (ST) é uma anomalia feminina caracterizada pela ausência de um
cromossomo X, que afeta cerca de 1 em 1.500 nascidas vivas, manifestando-se por disgenesia gonadal,
baixa estatura, amenorreia primária, atraso puberal, pescoço alado e tórax alargado. Apesar desses
fenótipos, pouco é descrito sobre as implicações psicossociais para as pacientes com ST. Objetivos:
Investigar o impacto das intervenções psicossociais da Síndrome de Turner na interação social das
portadoras. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma análise de revisão de literatura bibliográfica a respeito
dos aspectos psicológicos e repercussões sociais nas pacientes Turner. Nesta compilação, critérios como
efeito psicossocial da baixa estatura em relacionamentos familiares e amorosos, bem como o
funcionamento sexual, desenvolvimento cognitivo, valorização pessoal, clareza e coerência da fonte,
consistência com objetivos foram empregados como base de inclusão e parâmetros como fontes não
credíveis e redundância foram aplicados como base de exclusão para garantir a qualidade e relevância
dos dados compilados. Utilizaram- se as plataformas PUBMED e Scielo como suporte de buscas. Os
guias do Ministério da Saúde foram igualmente revisados. O levantamento expandiu achados utilizando
os termos de entrada sugeridos na base Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) como descritores
(“Psychosocial Aspects” AND “Turner Syndrome” AND “Monosomy X”). Resultados e Discussão:
Dado que as ações humanas surgem de um intricado conjunto de fatores interpsíquicos, cada pessoa
possui uma sensibilidade única que representa um conjunto de mecanismos. Os elementos adaptativos
psicossociais, desenvolvidos ao longo da evolução, ajudam a lidar com conflitos internos e externos.
Nas pacientes portadoras dessa alteração cromossômica, encontra-se baixa autoestima, conflitos
psicossexuais e sentimento de impotência frente ao diagnóstico. Por se julgarem portadoras de algum
‘defeito’, fecham-se em seu sofrimento, isolando-se das relações humanas. A partir da adolescência, é
possível notar uma tendência crescente a esse isolamento, marcada por participação reduzida em
atividades de grupo e estabelecimento limitado de conexões. Isso indica que mulheres com ST iniciam
relacionamentos amorosos mais tarde, sendo a baixa estatura o principal fator emocional, agravado pela
superproteção dos pais, que reforça dependência e imaturidade. Conclusão: Conclui-se que mulheres
com Síndrome de Turner enfrentam intercorrências físicas e psíquicas, resultando em sofrimento e
dificuldades de integração na comunidade. Recomenda-se suporte socioemocional ambulatorial no
protocolo clínico, além de orientação para o desenvolvimento de sociabilidade, promovendo adaptação
e desmistificando a incapacidade social.