bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Ni & Cu Surface Status in a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide into a Microemulsion Using QCM
Authors: Kang Sesik , Ju Minsu , Kim Junghun
Published: January 2016

A set of Quartz Crystal Microbalances (QCM's) was used to observe the film removal characteristics of three different CO2-nitric acid microemulsions. QCM's electroplated with nickel or copper were used as specimens. F-AOT, NP-4 and the synthesized Proline Surfactant-1 were used as surfactants to create microemulsions. While the F-AOT microemulsion yielded a relatively low removal rate, that of the Proline Surfactant-1 completely removed the Cu metal film within a short period of time. The NP-4 microemulsion removed the metal surface. However, removal rate measurements per QCM were not possible due to the instability of the microemulsion when Cu ions were present in the nitric solution. The reaction kinetics and metal removal capabilities of microemulsion formed by the different surfactants are explained along with the characteristics of reverse micelles.
Cognitive Bare Bones Particle Swarm Optimisation with Jumps
Authors: al-Rifaie Mohammad Majid , Blackwell Tim
Published: January 2016

The ‘bare bones' (BB) formulation of particle swarm optimisation (PSO) was originally advanced as a model of PSO dynamics. The idea was to model the forces between particles with sampling from a probability distribution in the hope of understanding swarm behaviour with a conceptually simpler particle update rule. ‘Bare bones with jumps' (BBJ) proposes three significant extensions to the BB algorithm: (i) two social neighbourhoods, (ii) a tuneable parameter that can advantageously bring the swarm to the ‘edge of collapse' and (iii) a component-by-component probabilistic jump to anywhere in the search space. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of jumping within a specific BBJ algorithm, cognitive BBJ (cBBJ). After confirming the effectiveness of cBBJ, this paper finds that: jumping in one component only is optimal over the 30 dimensional benchmarks of this study; that a small per particle jump probability of 1/30 works well for these benchmarks; jumps are chiefly beneficial during the early stages of optimisation and finally this work supplies evidence that jumping provides escape from regions surrounding sub-optimal minima.
Factors Explaining IS Managers Attitudes toward Cloud Computing Adoption
Authors: Mezghani Karim , Ayadi Faouzi
Published: January 2016

This research aims to study factors that explain the negative attitude toward cloud computing adoption. More precisely, through a literature review and then a survey study, this research tries to develop and test a research model that present factors which may explain the attitude toward cloud adoption. From these factors, the authors expect to present some 'best practices' required in cloud adoption. Indeed, as an emerging technology, cloud computing adoption and deployment need to be studied empirically to provide advises for practitioners. In this paper, the authors use a quantitative approach based on questionnaire addressed to IS Managers in Saudi enterprises that operate in the financial sector. Data collected from 74 firms are used to test the research hypotheses. They are analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling. Among the main results, the authors have found that risks factors are not determinants to study such attitudes. Rather, they found that the “positive” perceptions (perceived benefits, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) are the most determinants. Such perceptions are favored when IS managers are frequently exposed to cloud computing related information. In light of these results, the authors proposed some recommendations for decision makers in this area.
Sealing One's Online Wall Off From Outsiders
Authors: Beldad Ardion
Published: January 2016

Pieces of personal information (e.g. contact details, photos, thoughts and opinions on issues and things) on online social network sites are susceptible to third-party surveillance. While users are provided with the possibility to prevent unwarranted access using available privacy settings, such settings may not often be adequately used. This research investigated the factors influencing the use of Facebook's privacy settings among young Dutch users based on the premises of Protection Motivation Theory and Technology Acceptance Model. A paper-based survey was implemented with 295 students in a vocational school in the eastern part of the Netherlands. Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicate that privacy valuation, self-efficacy, and respondents' age positively influenced the use of Facebook's privacy settings. Furthermore, the size of Facebook users' network negatively influences the use of those settings. Important results and points for future research are discussed in the paper.
Factors Influencing the Adoption of Video Games in Late Adulthood
Authors: Costa Liliana Vale , Veloso Ana Isabel
Published: January 2016

In the video game industry, older adults tend to be avid consumers. Although considerable research has been devoted to the positive cognitive effects of video games, less attention has been paid to the older adult gamer profile. The aim of this paper is to describe a survey conducted from November 2012 until May 2013, which includes 245 gamers aged 50 and over, about their game preferences. Specifically, the authors examined: (a) what types of video games are played and (b) what leads these players to be engaged by video games. The results indicate that adventure games with problem-solving are preferred, suggesting the skills that participants would like to practise. The study provides insight into a new video gamer profile.
Determinants of Internet Use by Senior Generation
Authors: Bouzaabia Olfa , Bouzaabia Rym , Capatina Alexandru
Published: January 2016

The aim of this paper is to investigate and compare the determinants of Internet use by senior generation among Tunisian and Romanian context that have different economic and cultural backgrounds. Research data were taken from a survey carried out on 400 online senior citizens (200 Tunisian and 200 Romanian). Data were analyzed by using confirmatory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results show that cognitive age, Familial Loneliness and Social Anxiety have a significant effect on internet use for surfing and seeking information and not for buying. It was also found in the Romania sample the most determinant of internet use was Familial loneliness, while, social Anxiety was the most determinant of internet use, in the Tunisian sample.
Evolving symbioses between insects and fungi that kill trees in Canada: new threats associated with invasive organisms
Authors: Ramsfield Tod D.
Published: January 2016

Symbiotic relationships between insects and fungi are known to cause tree mortality either through direct damage by larval feeding that can be facilitated by symbiotic fungi, or through insects vectoring pathogens directly to healthy trees. Within their native ranges, the impacts of many insect-fungus symbioses are restricted to weakened and declining trees; however, within the last century tree mortality caused by globally invasive insect–fungus associations has had a devastating impact on trees in both urban and natural forest ecosystems. Unfortunately, Canadian forests have been seriously affected by invasive organisms and an emerging threat is the expansion of a native bark beetle into the boreal forest of Alberta. This paper reviews the symbiotic relationships between selected invasive insects and pathogens that cause tree mortality within the urban and forested landscapes of Canada; it uses these case studies to illustrate potentially damaging new evolutionary trajectories.
Unilateral renal sympathetic denervation may reduce blood pressure in patients with refractory hypertension
Authors: Negro Aurelio , Santi Rosaria , Manari Antonio , Perazzoli Franco
Published: January 2016

A 52-year-old Caucasian woman with essential resistant and refractory hypertension despite optimal medical therapy, including 6 different antihypertensive drugs was referred for the catheter-based renal denervation. Due to unfavourable anatomy because of non-critical fibromuscular dysplasia on the right renal artery, renal denervation of only the left renal artery was performed. Before and after the renal denervation, the patient’s blood pressure was monitored by office measurements and ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM). Before the procedure, the mean office blood pressure was 157/98 mmHg; at ABPM, the mean blood pressure values were 145/94 mmHg. At 6 months of follow-up, the mean office blood pressure was 134/90 mmHg and 121/76 mmHg at ABPM. In latest 12 months of follow-up, office and ABPM blood pressure were 125/80 and 127/80 mmHg respectively. This unique case suggests that unilateral renal denervation may be effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with refractory hypertension and unfavorable renal arteries anatomy.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure: research and clinical practice in primary care
Authors: Chiumeo Francesco , Folloni Stefania
Published: January 2016

The treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and comorbidities, increasing with age, is the challenge that nowadays health care systems are facing to better care treat these patients. For this reason a clinical trial was conducted in the province of Trento by a group of 30 volunteer general practitioners members of SNAMID (Scientific Society for Continuing Medical Education of General Practitioners). The objectives were to identify: i) prevalence of COPD in patients (65-98 years) in the province of Trento; ii) presence and incidence of heart failure (HF) in COPD patients; iii) early detection of other chronic diseases; and iv) improving electronic medical records (EMR) as an innovation way of professional care management. From May 2011 to October 2013, 17 doctors completed the two-year work using the EMR. The studied patients were men and women (65-98 years), suffering from COPD; the considered data included: anthropometric information, smoking status, International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 diagnosis of COPD, HF and chronic diseases, specific blood and instrumental tests. The extracted results were then linked with data of sentinel therapies, collected by the EMR. The database obtained identified patients with COPD or HF not previously recognized with ICD-9 diagnosis. The study identified the sentinel drugs chosen for COPD and HF, excluding other drugs not selective for the study or confusing for a proper statistical evaluation.
Acute pneumonitis or vasculitis? A severe case with multiple organ involvement
Authors: Laura Balzarini , Mancini Chiara , Uccelli Mario , Betri Enrico , Marvisi Maurizio
Published: January 2016

This report describes a case of a 37-year-old man affected by weakness, cough, fever and arthralgia for three months and a single episode of arthritis affecting the left ankle. The symptoms worsened and he was admitted to our hospital. First level blood tests showed an increase in inflammatory proteins, leukocytosis with eosinophilia, positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) and PR-3 ANCA antibodies, initial renal failure with elevation of creatinine and microscopic hematuria and initial proteinuria in the urine tests. As the chest x-ray revealed a perihilar pneumonitis with a well-defined margin area in the right lung, we started antibiotic therapy. The lung was studied with high-resolution chest computed tomography, which showed interstitial lung disease with more consolidative areas, some of which had a reverse halo sign. As clinical and laboratory data suggested a multiple organ involvement, second level tests were performed to look for the presence of systemic vasculitis.
Certificated clinical competencies are required for Internist career, not only impact factor score
Authors: Stefani Ilario , Mazzone Antonino
Published: January 2016

Not required
The FADOI (Federation of Associations of Hospital Doctors on Internal Medicine) position paper on cardiovascular prevention in the higher risk complex patients
Authors: Campanini Mauro , Pinna Giuliano , Nardi Roberto
Published: January 2016

Prevention is a very topical issue that any modern health system cannot ignore. The discussion about the concept of cardiovascular (CV) prevention is very wide and has been lasting for a long time. In this context, the research has never been stopped. A schematic classification of different types of prevention, as well as raised by the literature, implies some limitations, not always suitable to our complex patients. According to evidence-based medicine we should refer to the best available guidelines. Unfortunately the quality of evidence-based guidelines is far from optimal. The Federation of Associations of Hospital Doctors on Internal Medicine (FADOI) faced the problem of CV prevention in the higher risk complex patients with its experts in ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, chronic kidney disease, peripheral arterial disease and diabetes mellitus, by asking the following questions: i) which are the methods of risk assessment and prognostic stratification (also with respect to the existing comorbidities)?; ii) which are the tailored actions to implement for the individual patient? For the purposes of a CV risk evaluation in complex patient we cannot be satisfied with a single high baseline risk strategy: we should resize our assessment parameters to the real world, implementing a high multidimensional CV complexity risk assessment strategy, in respect of an anthropological approach to the complexity of our patients. Essentially, hospital internists are called to exercise a proactive role of experts for each single complex patient, also in CV prevention.
Electrochemical Behavior and Voltammetric Determination of a Manganese(II) Complex at a Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Karastogianni Sophia , Girousi Stella
Published: January 2016

Investigation of the electrochemical behavior using cyclic voltammetry and detection of [Mn2+(thiophenyl-2-carboxylic acid)2 (triethanolamine)] with adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry. The electrochemical behavior of a manganese(II) complex [Mn2+(thiophenyl-2-carboxylic acid)2(triethanolamine)] (A) was investigated using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry in an acetate buffer of pH 4.6 at a carbon paste electrode. Further, an oxidation-reduction mechanism was proposed. Meanwhile, an adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetric method was developed for the determination of manganese(II) complex.
Bioinformatics Resources for MicroRNA Discovery
Authors: Moore Alyssa C. , Winkjer Jonathan S. , Tseng Tsai-Tien
Published: January 2016

Biomarker identification is often associated with the diagnosis and evaluation of various diseases. Recently, the role of microRNA (miRNA) has been implicated in the development of diseases, particularly cancer. With the advent of next-generation sequencing, the amount of data on miRNA has increased tremendously in the last decade, requiring new bioinformatics approaches for processing and storing new information. New strategies have been developed in mining these sequencing datasets to allow better understanding toward the actions of miRNAs. As a result, many databases have also been established to disseminate these findings. This review focuses on several curated databases of miRNAs and their targets from both predicted and validated sources.
“Pinstripe Pattern” in an Achalasia Patient
Authors: Imagawa Atsushi , Takeuchi Keiko , Suto Kozue
Published: January 2016

Endoscopic image of achalasia usually shows dilated esophageal cavity with retained liquids and foods. Recently, “pinstripe pattern” (PSP) in the case of achalasia patient was reported as an endoscopic image of the indicator for early detection of achalasia. The typical endoscopic image of PSP can be recognized in this case.
A Case Report: A Third/Fourth Branchial Pouch Anomaly Presented by Solid Thyroid and Lateral Cervical Neck Masses
Authors: Nasreldin Magda H. A. , Ibrahim Eman A. , El-Din Somaia A. Saad
Published: January 2016

Branchial pouch-derived anomalies may arise from remnants of the first, second, or third/fourth branchial arches. Branchial pouch-related structures are found within the thyroid gland in the form of solid cell rests, epithelial lined cyst with or without an associated lymphoid component, thymic and/or parathyroid tissue, and less commonly in the form of heterotopic cartilage. We present a rare case of left solid thyroid swelling nearby two cervical nodules in a seven-year-old female with a clinical diagnosis suggestive of malignant thyroid tumor with metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. Histopathological examination revealed that it was compatible with third/fourth branchial pouch-derived anomaly composed of mature cartilage and thymic and parathyroid tissues for clinical and radiological correlations.
Gene Tree Affects Inference of Sites under Selection by the Branch-Site Test of Positive Selection
Authors: Diekmann Yoan , Pereira-Leal José B.
Published: January 2016

The branch-site test of positive selection is a standard approach to detect past episodic positive selection in a priori-specified branches of a gene phylogeny. Here, we ask if differences in the topology of the gene tree have any influence on the ability to infer positively selected sites. Using simulated sequences, we compare the results obtained for true and rearranged topologies. We find a strong relationship between “conflicting branch length,” which occurs when the set of sequences that experiences selection for a given topology and foreground is changed, and the ability to predict positively selected sites. Moreover, by reanalyzing a previously published data set, we show that the choice of a gene tree also affects the results obtained for real-world sequences. This is the first study to demonstrate that tree topology has a clear effect on the inference of positive selection. We conclude that the choice of a gene tree is an important factor for the branch-site analysis of positive selection.
Biofilm Cohesive Strength as a Basis for Biofilm Recalcitrance: Are Bacterial Biofilms Overdesigned?
Authors: Aggarwal Srijan , Stewart Philip S. , Hozalski Raymond M.
Published: January 2016

Bacterial biofilms are highly resistant to common antibacterial treatments, and several physiological explanations have been offered to explain the recalcitrant nature of bacterial biofilms. Herein, a biophysical aspect of biofilm recalcitrance is being reported on. While engineering structures are often overdesigned with a factor of safety (FOS) usually under 10, experimental measurements of biofilm cohesive strength suggest that the FOS is on the order of thousands. In other words, bacterial biofilms appear to be designed to withstand extreme forces rather than typical or average loads. In scenarios requiring the removal or control of unwanted biofilms, this emphasizes the importance of considering strategies for structurally weakening the biofilms in conjunction with bacterial inactivation.
Social network analysis and supply chain management
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Raúl , Leon Ramona D.
Published: January 2016

This paper deals with social network analysis and how it could be integrated within supply chain management from a decision-making point of view. Even though the benefits of using social analysis have are widely accepted at both academic and industry/services context, there is still a lack of solid frameworks that allow decision-makers to connect the usage and obtained results of social network analysis – mainly both information and knowledge flows and derived results- with supply chain management objectives and goals. This paper gives an overview of social network analysis, the main social network analysis metrics, supply chain performance and, finally, it identifies how future frameworks could close the gap and link the results of social network analysis with the supply chain management decision-making processes. 
Community Relocation in Very Old Age: Changes in Housing Accessibility
Authors: Granbom Marianne , Slaug Björn , Löfqvist Charlotte , Oswald Frank , Iwarsson Susanne
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to compare environmental barriers, housing accessibility, and usability before and after relocation of very old, single-living people in the community. It also examined whether accessibility improved after relocation compared with a simulated scenario in which participants would have remained in their former dwellings.

METHOD. Data from the Swedish part of the longitudinal Enabling Autonomy, Participation, and Well-Being in Old Age: The Home Environment as a Determinant for Healthy Ageing database were analyzed with a before-and-after design (N = 29). Mean time from before to after data collection was 2.6 yr.

RESULTS. The number of environmental barriers was significantly reduced after relocation, especially barriers at entrances and in bathrooms. In addition, usability was stable and accessibility improved compared with the simulated scenario of remaining in the former dwelling.

CONCLUSION. Community-based moves to new dwellings may lead to fewer environmental barriers and stable levels of usability and accessibility. This relocation is a positive outcome, considering the expected functional decline in old age.
Comparing and Exploring the Sensory Processing Patterns of Higher Education Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Clince Maria , Connolly Laura , Nolan Clodagh
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE. Research regarding sensory processing and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is limited. This study aimed to compare sensory processing patterns of groups of higher education students with ADHD or ASD and to explore the implications of these disorders for their college life.

METHOD.The Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile was administered to 28 students with ADHD and 27 students with ASD. Students and professionals were interviewed.

RESULTS. The majority of students received scores that differed from those of the general population. Students with ADHD received significantly higher scores than students with ASD in relation to sensation seeking; however, there were no other major differences.

CONCLUSION. Few differences exist between the sensory processing patterns of students with ADHD and ASD; however, both groups differ significantly from the general population. Occupational therapists should consider sensory processing patterns when designing supports for these groups.
Effect of Occupational Therapy–Led Playgroups in Early Intervention on Child Playfulness and Caregiver Responsiveness: A Repeated-Measures Design
Authors: Fabrizi Sarah E. , Ito Max A. , Winston Kristin
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE. This study's objective was to investigate the effects of a community playgroup on the playfulness of children with special needs ages 15 mo to 3 yr and the responsiveness of their caregivers.

METHOD. Using a pretest–posttest, repeated-measures design, we evaluated 8 child–caregiver dyads participating in an 8-wk occupational therapist–led community playgroup recruited from a purposive sample enrolled in early intervention. Video recordings from four time points over 4 mo were used to determine playfulness (Test of Playfulness) of the child and the responsiveness of the caregiver.

RESULTS. Blinded raters assessed playfulness and responsiveness outcomes. A repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated that participation in the playgroup significantly increased child playfulness (ηp2 = .89, p < .01). Analysis did not detect a change in caregiver responsiveness.

CONCLUSION. The results of this study have implications for the use of playgroups in comprehensive occupational therapy practice in early intervention.
Single-Case-Design Study of Finger-to-Axilla Compression Bandaging for Edema of the Hemiplegic Upper Limb
Authors: Gustafsson Louise , Lunnon Jessica , Hoyle Melanie , Marshall Kathryn , Bower Kylie
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE. This single-case study investigated the effectiveness of compression bandaging from the finger to the axilla in reducing poststroke edema in the upper limb.

METHOD. Repeated circumferential measurements were recorded at five points along the participants’ hand and forearm. Analysis of the data included the generation of graphs, celeration lines, and visual analysis.

RESULTS. Five participants with edema (mean 38 days poststroke) were recruited to the study. Fluctuations in edema were observed in all three study phases, with an increasing to decreasing trend in edema between the baseline and intervention phases. There was no clear trend from the intervention to second baseline phase.

CONCLUSION. Bandaging from the fingers to the axilla appears to be effective in reducing edema in the hand and forearm. However, return of edema after removal of the bandaging suggest that a greater understanding of underlying mechanisms and the appropriate intervention protocols is warranted.
La inevitable inconsistencia del Zeus/Júpiter épico
Authors: Criado Cecilia
Published: January 2016

Durante años la investigación literaria ha encontrado fruición en buscar y encontrar inconsistencias narrativas en la Tebaida de Estacio. Concretamente, hay cierto grado de consenso respecto a que las incongruencias en que incurre Júpiter son debidas a negligencia o incuria por parte del poeta. De hecho, no se puede negar que el soberano del cielo se contradice en las ocasiones en que alude a su relación con el Destino. No obstante, no será únicamente el poeta flavio el objeto de mi atención en este artículo. Hoy día se continúa acudiendo a la autoridad filosófica de Séneca (fundamentalmente a Dial. 1.5.8) siempre que el Zeus/Júpiter poshomérico (también el virgiliano) incurre en lo que hemos dado en considerar «incoherencias». Sin embargo, excepción hecha de las composiciones hesiódicas, el estatuto teológico de Zeus/Júpiter es altamente inestable en toda la tradición literaria griega y romana. Quizá deberíamos aceptar, entonces, que durante siglos los que estudiamos literatura antigua hemos tendido a prescindir de la voz autorial y de su autoridad omnímoda para manipular el material literario preexistente con el objeto de generar nuevos significados y nuevas cosmovisiones. En definitiva, nos hemos mostrado proclives a calificar de inconsistencias todo aquello que no se adecua a nuestras expectativas o prejuicios.
La imagen de Barbación en las "Res Gestae" de Amiano Marcelino1
Authors: Garcia Ruiz Mª del Pilar
Published: January 2016

Este artículo analiza uno de los personajes secundarios más relevantes de las Res Gestae (RG) de Amiano Marcelino, el magister peditum Barbación. El historiador presenta a Barbación como un ser infame: colaborador en la muerte de Galo, cobarde, arrogante y desleal con Juliano durante la campaña militar del 357, delator de falsedades ante Constancio, merecedor de una muerte indigna. Sin embargo, un estudio de conjunto de los pasajes de Res Gestae, tomando como apoyo metodológico las técnicas de argumentación aplicadas al retrato y el concepto de ‘argumentación implícita’ de Sabbah 1978 y los métodos de caracterización de personajes de Pauw 1977, corrige esta visión comúnmente aceptada y demuestra la parcialidad del historiador. Así mismo se pone de manifiesto que el personaje, como otros actantes secundarios en las RG, es una réplica del carácter de Constancio II.
Juan Antonio González Iglesias: la recepción clásica en un poeta alejandrino posmoderno
Authors: Mariscal de Gante Centeno Carlos
Published: January 2016

Este artículo estudia los elementos clásicos presentes en la poesía de Juan Antonio González Iglesias, poeta y latinista salmantino, en sus poemarios publicados hasta el año 2007. Se estudiará la forma tan peculiar que toma la literatura grecolatina en nuestro poeta, ya que en la posmodernidad la herencia clásica se ve abocada a adoptar nuevas formas, estableciendo así un diálogo con la Antigüedad, de la que se recrean selectivamente algunos elementos. Además, podremos comprobar cómo los elementos clásicos conviven con otros, antiguos y modernos, que se mencionarán cuando se unan a los clásicos.
From Entrepreneurship to Entrepreneurial Education in Lower Secondary School: Pedagogising by Means of the Pedagogic Device
Authors: Diehl Monika
Published: January 2016

This study is part of a school improvement programme on entrepreneurial education and investigates teachers’ understanding and transmission of entrepreneurial education in two Swedish lower secondary schools, through interviews and observations. Entrepreneurship is a well-established concept within capitalist society, but the interest here is to investigate the transmission of it into pedagogic discourse and communication. Bernstein’s concept of the pedagogic device is used to reason on the process of what happens, and why, when the concept of entrepreneurship is transformed into entrepreneurial education. The results indicate different understandings and connotations on a deeper level, and also show that transmission to colleagues and pupils faces a series of challenges. In practise, the findings show different approaches to entrepreneurial education among individual teachers, but also between schools. This can be explained by gaps in the transmitting process, but also by different school cultures and diverse forms of collegial collaboration, which may affect transmission among colleagues and thus the transmission to pupils. Pupils’ backgrounds may also have an impact on the differences.
Assessment of English language Students' Preferences of the Methods of Teaching English in a Private Jordanian University
Authors: Qasaimeh Mohammad A. , Gasaymeh Al-Mothana
Published: January 2016

For effective language learning and teaching, both learners' skills and assumptions should gain enough interest from their teachers. For the sake of that idea, students should have the opportunity to express their preferences regarding the ways of teaching and learning English language. Having in mind the idea that learners' preferences of the ways of teaching English language are vital importance their learning, we asked students at an English language department in a Jordanian private university to state their views on how they prefer to learn English. As a further step, teachers working at the same department with the same students were also asked to express their views regarding the extent of their awareness of their students' learning preferences. The data obtained uncovered significant results suggesting a need for a closer cooperation and collaboration among students and their teachers concerning how English language learning activities should be re-arranged and implemented in the classroom.
Validation of a School-Based Amblyopia Screening Protocol in a Kindergarten Population
Authors: Casas-Llera Pilar , Ortega Paula , Rubio Inmaculada , Santos Verónica , Prieto María J. , Alio Jorge L.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

To validate a school-based amblyopia screening program model by comparing its outcomes to those of a state-of-the-art conventional ophthalmic clinic examination in a kindergarten population of children between the ages of 4 and 5 years.

Methods

An amblyopia screening protocol, which consisted of visual acuity measurement using Lea charts, ocular alignment test, ocular motility assessment, and stereoacuity with TNO random-dot test, was performed at school in a pediatric 4- to 5-year-old population by qualified healthcare professionals. The outcomes were validated in a selected group by a conventional ophthalmologic examination performed in a fully equipped ophthalmologic center. The ophthalmologic evaluation was used to confirm whether or not children were correctly classified by the screening protocol. The sensitivity and specificity of the test model to detect amblyopia were established.

Results

A total of 18,587 4- to 5-year-old children were subjected to the amblyopia screening program during the 2010-2011 school year. A population of 100 children were selected for the ophthalmologic validation screening. A sensitivity of 89.3%, specificity of 93.1%, positive predictive value of 83.3%, negative predictive value of 95.7%, positive likelihood ratio of 12.86, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.12 was obtained for the amblyopia screening validation model.

Conclusions

The amblyopia screening protocol model tested in this investigation shows high sensitivity and specificity in detecting high-risk cases of amblyopia compared to the standard ophthalmologic examination. This screening program may be highly relevant for amblyopia screening at schools.
Recommendations for the Appropriate Management of Diabetic Macular Edema: Light on DME Survey and Consensus Document by an Expert Panel
Authors: Bandello Francesco , Midena Edoardo , Menchini Ugo , Lanzetta Paolo
Published: January 2016

Purpose

The Light on DME survey was designed to address several issues concerning the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) with the objective of producing practical recommendations for the appropriate treatment of this condition.

Methods

The recommendations considered aspects of DME treatment that are controversial and insufficiently supported by the evidence and were based on a consensus reached by an expert panel. Consensus was achieved by means of the Delphi method. Thirty-one Italian retinologists were asked to rate the appropriateness of a comprehensive set of scenarios typically encountered in the management of DME in clinical practice. The results of the appropriateness evaluation were analyzed by the study panel and a second assessment round was conducted for those scenarios on which no consensus was reached.

Results

Consensus was reached on several relevant aspects of current DME management, namely the initiation and course of treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, assessment of the outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy based on both functional and morphologic outcomes, combination of anti-VEGF with laser therapy, and management of nonresponders to anti-VEGFs. A few issues, including the definition of DME based on novel diagnostic tools, the need for stable metabolic parameters before initiating anti-VEGF therapy, and the use of a second anti-VEFG after failure of the first anti-VEGF, proved controversial.

Conclusions

A clear consensus among DME experts was reached on several relevant aspects of DME management. Based on this consensus, detailed and practical recommendations to guide ophthalmologists in the use of novel approaches to DME could be developed.
Characteristics of Women with Endometriosis from the USA and Puerto Rico
Authors: Fourquet Jessica , Sinaii Ninet , Stratton Pamela , Khayel Fareed , Alvarez-Garriga Carolina , Bayona Manuel , Ballweg Mary Lou , Flores Idhaliz
Published: January 2016

Purpose

To describe lifetime differences in clinical characteristics of women with endometriosis between the USA and Puerto Rico.

Methods

A descriptive study using self-administered demographic and clinical questionnaires was undertaken. Women with self-reported surgically diagnosed endometriosis who completed questionnaires from the Endometriosis Association (EA), Wisconsin, USA (n = 4358) and the Endometriosis Research Program (ERP) in Puerto Rico (n = 878), were included in this study. We compared demographic, gynecological and clinical history, frequency of endometriosis-associated symptoms and co-morbidities.

Results

Although both groups have similar symptomatology, EA respondents had significantly higher rates of chronic pelvic pain and incapacitating pain than ERP participants. EA respondents were significantly more likely to report a history of problems getting pregnant, heavy bleeding, and hysterectomy than ERP respondents. Miscarriages were more frequently reported by the ERP group. Co-morbidities such as allergies, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia were more prevalent in EA respondents, whereas asthma was significantly more frequent in participants from ERP.

Conclusions

Overall, women with endometriosis from the USA and Puerto Rico reported high rates of pain and infertility and a similar spectrum of symptoms. Those from the EA reported longer time to diagnosis, and diagnostic delays than those from the ERP, which may explain the observed increased in rates of endometriosis-related symptoms and co-morbidities in EA as compared to ERP.
Impact of A Short-Term, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on the Well-Being of Infertile Women: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Paiva Sara P.C. , Nery Simone F. , Magalhães Estefânia B. , Couto Bráulio G.M. , Amaral Clara A.V. , Campos Fernanda M.F. , Camargos Aroldo F. , Reis Fernando M.
Published: January 2016

Background

Mind-body skills groups represent an experiential approach to teaching antistress techniques that can enable a person to achieve mindfulness, self-awareness and self-reflection, to engage in self-care. This study examined whether a short-term mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program improved the well-being of infertile women.

Methods

A cohort of 25 women was enrolled at a public academic center of reproductive medicine, while on the waiting list for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The MBSR intervention consisted of 12 weekly sessions of mindfulness meditation, relaxation, autogenic training, biofeedback and guided imagery. The participants completed a qualitative, open-ended questionnaire and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) questionnaire to assess anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health and vitality, before and after the intervention period. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and by 95% confidence interval.

Results

The qualitative analysis revealed 5 central themes in patients’ responses to the questionnaires: connections, self-discovery, stress relief, learning and consciousness. Total PGWBI score increased by 17% (mean difference 14.1 ± 3.9 points, p<0.01), and all subscales improved after the intervention course compared with the preintervention values.

Conclusions

Both qualitative and quantitative assessment suggest that a 12-week MBSR program may improve the general well-being of infertile women awaiting IVF.
Animal Models in Endometriosis Research
Authors: Asally Razan , Markham Robert , Manconi Frank
Published: January 2016

The initiation of endometriosis in women is difficult to investigate, because there is usually a delay of several years from the onset of lesion development to the clinical diagnosis. Animal models of endometriosis, on the other hand, provide an important contribution to the investigation of the disease pathogenesis and the efficacy of therapeutic intervention strategies.
Dienogest Treatment Improves Quality of Life in Women with Endometriosis
Authors: Luisi Stefano , Parazzini Fabio , Angioni Stefano , Arena Saverio , Berretta Paolo , Candiani Massimo , Cela Vito , Fedele Luigi , Litta Pietro , Maiorana Antonio , Nappi Luigi , Porpora Maria Grazia , Rosati Maurizio , Zullo Fulvio , Tosti Claudia , Petraglia Felice
Published: January 2016

Background

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of dienogest treatment in improving quality of life in women with endometriosis.

Methods

This was a prospective observational multicenter study at the universities of Siena, Milano, Cagliari, Perugia, Busto Arstizio, Pisa, Padova, Palermo, Foggia, Roma, Pescara and Catanzaro, including 142 patients with a diagnosis of endometriosis who received dienogest 2 mg once daily, for up to 90 days. Each patient underwent an evaluation of pelvic pain measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 points, and of quality of life measured by a mental and physical index before and after treatment.

Results

The mean ± SD of VAS was 8.2 ± 1.6 in women with endometriosis, and this progressively and significantly decreased to 5.9 ± 2.6 at the end of the study. Mental index score values increased from 39.0 ± 9.8 to 46.0 ± 9.1 (p<0.001); likewise, the physical index increased from 39.6 ± 9.6 to 47.7 ± 8.5 (p<0.001). During the treatment period, the most frequent adverse events (AEs) were headache (30.8%), followed by bleeding (29.4%), depression (26.6%), breast tenderness (23.8%) and acne (2.0%), but these were transitory, and none led to withdrawal from the study.

Conclusions

The present prospective study showed that dienogest is an effective and well-tolerated treatment improving the quality of life in endometriotic women.
Associations between thrombophilic risk factors and determinants of atherosclerosis and inflammation in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Finger C. , Zotz R. B. , Scharf R. E. , Unsöld R.
Published: January 2016

Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is caused by ischaemia of the optic nerve head. The pathophysiology of NAION is unclear, and no proven effective treatment exists. Patients, methods: We analyzed thrombophilic risk factors and determinants of atherosclerosis and inflammation in 109 consecutive patients and 109 age- and sex-matched volunteers using a case-control design. Results: High levels of fibrinogen (>384 mg/dl; OR 3.2, p = 0.003), factors VIII:C (>183%; OR 2.6, p = 0.02), IX (>153%; OR 2.6, p = 0.026), XI (>142%; OR 3.4, p = 0.006), von Willebrand factor (activity >205%; OR 3.1, p = 0.005; antigen >194%; OR 3.5, p = 0.002), and triglycerides (>228 mg/dl; OR 2.8, p = 0.026), higher platelet counts (>294 000/[uni03BC]l; OR 2.5, p = 0.04), low levels of HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dl; OR 2.7, p = 0.032), and an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (>20 mm/h; OR 4.4, p = 0.003) were associated with NAION. Conclusion: Our findings support the contention of a complex pathogenesis of NAION resulting from the coincidence of proatherogenic, prothrombotic and proinflammatory processes. The alterations described could be causative, side effects, or just coincidental findings.
Stakeholder Perspectives on CLIL in a Monolingual Context
Authors: Lancaster Nina K.
Published: January 2016

This article documents the findings of a study concerning the perspectives on Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in the monolingual context of Jaén. The research has involved the design, validation and administration of two sets of questionnaires to 745 informants (692 students and 53 teachers) within eight secondary schools with a view to identifying student and teacher attitudes towards Andalusian CLIL in the province of Jaén. Perceptions are outlined in terms of students’ use, competence and development of English in class; methodology; materials and resources and ICT; evaluation; teachers’ use, competence and development of English in class; teacher training; mobility; improvement and motivation towards English; and coordination and organisation. The article begins with an overview of prior research, subsequently reports on the research design of the study and concludes with the presentation of the main findings of the investigation. An extensive evaluation of stakeholder perspectives on CLIL in the province of Jaén reveals a predominantly positive outlook on behalf of the student and teacher cohorts with regard to the implementation of a bilingual programme within the Andalusian region of Spain.
Influence of Songs in Primary School Students' Motivation for Learning English in Lima, Peru
Authors: Aguirre Diego , Bustinza Daisy , Garvich Mijail
Published: January 2016

Many studies have shown that using music and songs while learning a new language can be of great benefit to students in aspects such as grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary. However, the use of songs in class as motivation to learn English is a subject that has not been explored thoroughly. The purpose of this study is to explore how the use of songs in English helps motivating students while learning English as a Second Language (ESL). The participants were primary school students at a private school located in the Lima Metropolitan Area. This study used a mixed-method design that included observations carried out by the research team and questionnaires completed by students. The results show that students are motivated to participate and become more engaged in classroom activities when songs are used in their English classes. This result was more strongly confirmed with the observations than with the questionnaires.
Environmental Soil Quality Research as Prediction for Sustainable Orchards Cultivation in Southern Serbia
Authors: Markovic Jelena , Stevovic Svetlana
Published: January 2016

Soil quality is one of the main environmental conditions for successful and sustainable orchards cultivation. The main role of the soil is reflected in its production activities or productivity. Soil fertility implies content available nutrients, such as individual elements, pH and humus. The research of soil quality leads to certain conclusions about which soil is suitable for growing crops. The investigation of soil quality for Pcinja District in southern Serbia is performed, with the goal to complete environmental conditions for cultivation of the most suitable crops. The methods that were used for the analysis of the soil in the laboratory are: chemical and Al-methods and calibration and potentiometric, spectrophotometric, photometric. For potentiometric method pH meter, spectrophotometer classic which is determined by phosphorus and Flame Photometar device that determines potassium are used. The results in this paper show high quality land for sustainable growing fruit crops.
Genetic Relationships between Elite Oil Palms from Nigeria and Selected Breeding and Germplasm Materials from Malaysia via Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers
Authors: Okoye M. N. , Bakoumé C. , Uguru M. I. , Singh R. , Okwuagwu C. O.
Published: January 2016

Nine SSR markers were used to study the genetic relationships among 26 elite oil palm materials from Nigeria and Malaysia. The Nigerian elite materials comprised 15 Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) oil palm parental genotypes. The 11 Malaysian genotypes included 2 dura and 2 pisifera advanced breeding lines, 3 palms from natural populations of Nigeria, and 2 from each of the Angola, and Madagascar natural oil palm collections maintained at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB). The results revealed a high percentage of polymorphic loci (83.3%) in the entire materials with average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.7325. Two SSR markers showed relatively high PIC namely sMg00016 and sMg00179 (0.8018 and 0.8509, respectively). The mean number of alleles varied from 1.333 in Madagascar germplasm material to 4.889 in NIFOR tenera materials (mean = 2.958). The observed heterozygosity varied from 0.167 in Madagascar material to 0.778 in Nigeria germplasm materials (mean = 0.575) and the expected heterozygosity from 0.153 to 0.643. The various oil palm provenances showed significant genetic differentiation (FST = 0.177, P = 0.001) indicating the existence of a genetic structure among the materials used. UPGMA analysis based on Rogers’ dissimilarity coefficient matrix displayed two main clusters, one separating Madagascar accessions from the rest. PCoA showed that the NIFOR breeding parents clustered closely with MPOB’s Nigeria and Angola-derived materials suggesting a common origin of mainland genotypes. The high genetic diversity observed among the MPOB’s germplasm materials highlights the need for proper characterization of entire NIFOR oil palm germplasm with SSR markers to facilitate effective utilization in the breeding programme.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 8, No. 2
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: January 2016

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2016.