bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACÚMULO DE PLACA BACTERIANA E CÁRIE EM TORNO DOS ACESSÓRIOS ORTODÔNTICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: EmilyGomes Francisca Emily da Silva , Carvalho Leyrson Eduardo Silva Gomes de , Verde Giselle Maria Ferreira Lima , Rêgo Isabel Cristina Quaresma , Monte Thiago Lima
Published: October 2024

A placa bacteriana é um conjunto de microrganismos que são encontrados nas faces dos dentes e está associada a uma matriz extracelular. Durante o tratamento com aparelho ortodôntico fixo, os pacientes podem estar sujeitos à alteração na composição da microbiota, uma vez que a forma dos acessórios que constituem o aparelho ortodôntico dificulta a higienização, favorecendo o acúmulo de placa. O presente estudo realizou uma revisão bibliográfica com o intuito de sintetizar na literatura o acúmulo de placa bacteriana e lesões cariosas que possam a vir existir em torno dos acessórios ortodônticos. Para a execução do estudo, foi feito uma revisão bibliográfica onde o levantamento de dados foi realizado em bancos de dados online entre 2002 a 2024: Public Medline (PubMed) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), utilizando-se as seguintes combinações de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS): Orthodontic, brackets, biofilm, treatment; plaque e foi identificado 208 estudos no total. Todos os estudos passaram por uma análise preliminar de títulos e objetivos, seguida dos resumos para a verificação de adequação, resultando na seleção de 15 estudos, haja vista sua vasta relevância, confiança e aplicabilidade na questão proposta. Por meio das pesquisas é possível concluir que o uso do aparelho ortodôntico fixo pode favorecer o acúmulo de placa bacteriana e lesões cariosas, devido aos seus acessórios que estão inseridos nas superfícies dentárias dificultando a higienização e remoção a mecânica de biofilme dentário. Portanto, é indispensável que o cirurgião-dentista faça orientações de higiene bucal ao paciente, orientando-o a usar as escovas interdentais e fio dental, e o acompanhamento periódico para o controle de biofilme com o auxílio de um evidenciador de placa a fim de minimizar esse acúmulo.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL E OBESIDADE: IMPLICAÇÕES E PERSPECTIVAS TERAPÊUTICAS
Authors: Santos Sabrina Oliveira , Carvalho Bruna Fontes de , Lima Bruno José Santos , Mendonça Carolina Monteiro de , Doria Felipe Meireles , Silveira Fernanda Beatriz Santos , Moreira Gabrielle dos Santos , Chaves José Andersands Flauzino , Melo Laís Oliveira , Azevedo Luiz Phillipe Silva , Segundo Nilton Loula Dourado , Mariz Rafael Cruz , Tavares Renata Beatriz Almeida , Melo Vitória Farias de
Published: October 2024

Esse artigo buscou discutir a relação entre a microbiota intestinal e suas implicações na obesidade. Sabe-se que microbiota intestinal refere-se ao conjunto de trilhões de microrganismos que habitam o trato gastrointestinal. A relação desse microbioma com a obesidade é complexa, porém os estudos apontam uma íntima relação com o metabolismo corpóreo, imuno-modulação e inflamação crônica. O objetivo desse estudo é aprofundar as bases dessa relação e analisar o impacto das alterações da microbiota na obesidade. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura a partir das bases de dados do PubMed e BVS utilizando descritores e termos booleanos: Obesity  AND Microbiota. Foram incluídos 23 artigos publicados a partir de 2012 até 2024, em inglês, espanhol e português. Foram excluídos artigos desalinhados com o tema e incompletos. Foi visto que pessoas obesas tendem a ter uma menor diversidade microbiana no intestino em comparação com indivíduos com peso normal, além de alterações na síntese do hormônio da saciedade e mecanismos de armazenamento de tecido adiposo. As evidências apontam para intervenções no âmbito do uso de simbióticos e transplante fecal. Por fim, a microbiota intestinal oferece uma nova perspectiva sobre a obesidade, com potencial para revolucionar as estratégias de prevenção e tratamento.
AMBIENTE DIGITAL E EDUCAÇÃO: BENEFÍCIOS E RISCOS NO MODELO EDUCACIONAL CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Côgo Cláudia Eni , Supeletto Etelvina Freitas Louzada , Mariani Jacqueline Vitor , Andrade Maria Goreth de Almeida , Carlette Maria Lúcia Moreira , Silva Marlúcia Alves da , Lopes Sueli Coleti , Vargas Vera Lúcia Fazolo Caliman
Published: October 2024

Este estudo investigou as vantagens, benefícios e riscos do ambiente digital para a educação, abordando o problema da necessidade de um modelo educacional que integre as tecnologias de forma consciente e responsável. O objetivo geral foi analisar como as tecnologias digitais podem ser utilizadas para melhorar a experiência de aprendizado, ao mesmo tempo em que se reconhecem os desafios associados. A pesquisa, de natureza bibliográfica, revisou literatura relevante sobre o uso de ferramentas digitais no processo educativo, identificando como essas tecnologias facilitam o acesso à informação, promovem a interatividade e personalizam o ensino. No entanto, também foram discutidos os riscos de desinformação, distrações e questões de privacidade que surgem com a digitalização. As considerações finais enfatizaram a importância da formação contínua de educadores e da inclusão digital, além da necessidade de estudos futuros que explorem abordagens pedagógicas eficazes no ambiente digital. Os achados ressaltaram a relevância de desenvolver competências digitais tanto em educadores quanto em alunos, promovendo um aprendizado significativo e seguro.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA A INCLUSÃO DE ALUNOS COM AUTISMO: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES
Authors: Gonçalves Luciana Marinho Soares , Moura Cleberson Cordeiro de , Boechat Gisela Paula Faitanin , Rocha Kaiqui Rezende da , Silva Márcio Rosário da , Lessa Maysara Maracy Côgo , Costa Nilande Mendes Barbosa e , Almeida Renata Bellotti Vargas
Published: October 2024

Este estudo examina os obstáculos e possibilidades na capacitação de docentes para a integração de estudantes com o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) no sistema de ensino convencional do Brasil. A meta principal foi identificar as deficiências nos programas de capacitação de professores, analisar práticas de inclusão bem-sucedidas e sugestões táticas para melhorar a formação dos educadores. A técnica empregada consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, de caráter qualitativo, abrangendo a avaliação de livros, artigos científicos, teses e documentos oficiais. A pesquisa foi conduzida em bases de dados acadêmicos, bibliotecas online e repositórios de instituições. Os resultados demonstraram que, mesmo com o progresso nas políticas públicas direcionadas à inclusão , a execução dessas políticas ainda encontra obstáculos consideráveis, principalmente na capacitação dos docentes. Detectou-se um hiato entre as políticas de inclusão e a prática cotidiana nas salas de aula, destacando a demanda por um treinamento docente mais aprofundado sobre o autismo. O estudo evidenciou a relevância de uma metodologia que combina saberes teóricos com táticas de ensino , além da exigência de uma cooperação multidisciplinar na capacitação de docentes. Também se destacou a importância das tecnologias assistivas e recursos digitais na educação de estudantes com TEA. A conclusão é que é preciso reformular os programas de capacitação de docentes, tanto no início quanto no contínuo, para melhor prepará-los para os desafios da inclusão de estudantes com autismo. Também se destaca a relevância de políticas públicas que proporcionam recursos e apoio adequados para uma implementação eficaz da educação inclusiva.
Design and performance of the Cluster Ion Counter (CIC)
Authors: Mirme Sander , Balbaaki Rima , Manninen Hanna Elina , Koemets Paap , Sommer Eva , Rörup Birte , Wu Yusheng , Almeida Joao , Ehrhart Sebastian , Weber Stefan Karl , Pfeifer Joschka , Kangasluoma Juha , Kulmala Markku , Kirkby Jasper
Published: October 2024

Abstract. A dilute plasma is continuously maintained in the troposphere by ionising particle radiation from galactic cosmic rays and radon decay. Small ions in the 1–2 nm size range play an important role in atmospheric processes such as ion-induced nucleation of aerosol particles. Consequently there is a need for precise and robust instruments to measure small ions both for atmospheric observations and for laboratory experiments that simulate the atmosphere. Here we describe the design and performance of the Cluster Ion Counter (CIC, Airel OÜ), which simultaneously measures the number concentrations of positively- and negatively-charged ions and particles below 5 nm mobility diameter, with low noise and fast time response. The detection efficiency is above 80 % for ions and charged particles between 1.2 and 2.0 nm, and above 90 % between 2.0 and 3.0 nm. The ion concentrations measured by the CIC agree well with reference instruments. The noise level (1 σ of background measurements) is typically between 20 and 30 ions cm-3 at 1 Hz sampling rate and an air flow rate of 7 l min-1 per analyzer. The noise level improves when higher flow rates and longer sampling periods are used. The CIC responds rapidly with 1 s time resolution to pulses of ionisation produced in the CLOUD chamber by a CERN particle beam.
The Centrifugal Differential Mobility Analyser – A new device for determination of two-dimensional property distributions
Authors: Rüther Torben Norbert , Rasche David Benedikt , Schmid Hans-Joachim
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Usually, for the characterisation of nanoparticles an equivalent property is measured, e.g. the mobility equivalent diameter. In the case of non-spherical, complex shaped nanoparticles, one equivalent particle size is not sufficient for a complete characterisation. Most of the methods utilised to gain deeper insight into the morphology of nanoparticles are very time consuming and costly or have bad statistics (such as tandem-setups or SEM/TEM images). To overcome these disadvantages, a prototype of a new compact device, the Centrifugal Differential Mobility Analyser, the CDMA, was built, which can measure the full two-dimensional distribution of mobility and stokes equivalent diameters by classification in a cylinder gap, through electrical and centrifugal forces. An evaluation method to determine the transfer probabilities is developed and used in this work to compare the measurement results with the theory for the pure rotational behaviour (like the Aerodynamic Aerosol Classifier) and the pure electrical behaviour (like the Dynamic Mobility Analyser). In addition, the ideal two-dimensional transfer function was derived using a particle trajectory approach. This two-dimensional transfer function is a prerequisite for obtaining the full two-dimensional particle size distribution from measurements by inversion.
Data-driven emulation of melt ponds on Arctic sea ice
Authors: Driscoll Simon , Carrassi Alberto , Brajard Julien , Bertino Laurent , Ólason Einar , Bocquet Marc , Lawless Amos
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The genesis, development and disappearance of melt ponds on sea ice are complex, insufficiently understood, and driven by metre-scale mechanisms unseen by numerical models. Melt pond formation is thus parametrised with substantial uncertainty. Despite melt ponds playing a major role in sea ice thermodynamics, melt pond parametrisations have traditionally not been included into GCMs, and for instance do not play a role in the IPCC assessments of when sea ice will disappear from the Arctic in summer. Previous research showed it was possible to learn a state-of-the-art physical parametrisation of melt ponds (from model data) using neural networks. The emulator was suitable for use in a thermodynamic sea ice model (the Icepack model) and ran stably for about ten years. In this study, we follow on from that work and develop a novel data-driven parametrisation of melt pond fraction. Using pan-Arctic satellite observations and reanalysis data we show that it is possible to learn and predict to a sufficient degree the melt pond fraction as determined from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) and Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) data, the target in our supervised learning setup, from well chosen observationally based inputs. Our deep learning emulator has been intentionally designed to be pointwise with the perspective of being suitable for incorporation within physical models of sea ice such as Icepack. Our results prove the concept that it is possible to learn parametrisations directly from data for sea ice thermodynamical processes. In doing so our work provides a viable emulator of melt ponds for use in GCMs and demonstrates a route for developing and further refining observationally based data-driven emulators of melt ponds that are ready for implementation in GCMs. We also briefly discuss these future avenues for advancing on this work and further developing data-driven emulators of melt ponds. Furthermore, the results show the difference in modelling melt ponds over different Arctic regions. In particular, it highlights the critical importance and need for better observations and understanding in the marginal ice zone which will be crucial for future impacts.
Radar Equivalent Snowpack: reducing the number of snow layers while retaining its microwave properties and bulk snow mass
Authors: Meloche Julien , Leroux Nicolas R. , Montpetit Benoit , Vionnet Vincent , Derksen Chris
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Snow water equivalent (SWE) retrieval from Ku-band radar measurements is possible with complex retrieval algorithms involving prior information on the snowpack microstructure and a microwave radiative transfer model to link backscatter measurements to snow properties. A key variable in a retrieval is the number of snow layers, with more complex layering yielding richer information but at increased computational cost. Here, we show the capabilities of a new method to simplify a complex multilayered snowpack to less than or equal to 3 layers, while preserving the microwave scattering behavior of the snowpack and conserving the bulk snow water equivalent. The method is based on a K-means clustering algorithm to group the snow layers based on the extinction coefficient and the height of the layer. Then, a weighted average using the extinction coefficient and the thickness was applied to the snow properties. We evaluated our method using snow properties from simulations of the SVS-2/Crocus physical snow model at 11 sites spanning a large variety of climates across the world and the Snow Microwave Radiative Transfer model to calculate backscatter at 17.25 GHz. Grouping and averaging snow stratigraphy into 3 layers effectively reproduced the total snowpack backscatter of multi-layered snowpacks with overall root mean squared error = 0.5 dB and R2 = 0.98. Using this methodology, SWE retrievals can be applied to simplified snowpacks, while maintaining similar scattering behavior, without compromising the modeled snowpack properties. Reduction in the mathematical complexity of SWE retrieval cost functions and reduction in computation of up to 80 % can be gained by using fewer layers in the SWE retrieval.
Seasonal shifts in depth-to-water uptake by young thinned and overstocked lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) forests under drought conditions in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Ellis Emory C. , Guy Robert D. , Wei Xiaohua A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. As drought and prolonged water stress become more prevalent in dry regions under climate change, preserving water resources becomes a focal point for maintaining forest health. Forest regeneration after forest loss or disturbance can lead to overstocked juvenile stands with high water demands and low water-use efficiency. Forest thinning is a common practice with the goal of improving tree health, carbon storage, and water use while decreasing stand demands in arid and semi-arid regions. However, little is known about the impacts of stand density on seasonal variation in depth-to-water uptake or the magnitude of the effect of growing season drought conditions on water availability. Existing reports are highly variable by climatic region, species, and thinning intensity. In this study, stable isotope ratios of deuterium (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) in water collected from various soil depths and from branches of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) under different degrees of thinning (control: 27 000 stems per hectare; moderately thinned: 4500 stems per hectare; heavily thinned: 1100 stems per hectare) over the growing season were analyzed using the MixSIAR Bayesian mixing model to calculate the relative contributions of different water sources in the Okanagan Valley in the interior of British Columbia, Canada. We found that under drought conditions the lodgepole pine trees shifted their depth-to-water uptake through the growing season (June to October) to rely more heavily on older precipitation events that percolated through the soil profile when shallow soil water became less accessible. Decreased forest density subsequent to forest thinning did not cause a significant difference in the isotopic composition of branch water but did cause changes in the timing and relative proportion of water utilized from different depths. Thinned lodgepole pine stands were able to maintain water uptake from 35 cm below the soil profile, whereas the overstocked stands relied on a larger proportion of deep soil water and groundwater towards the end of the growing season. Our results support other findings by indicating that, although lodgepole pines are drought-tolerant and have dimorphic root systems, they do not shift back from deep water sources to shallow soil water when soil water availability increases following precipitation events at the end of the growing season.
Lightning and thunder explanations in encyclopedias – from ancient Greece to Wikipedia
Authors: Schlegel Kristian
Published: October 2024

Abstract. After a brief introduction to encyclopedias, the explanation of lightning and thunder in well-known encyclopedias, from the works of Greek philosophers to encyclopedias of modern physics, is examined. Starting with Aristotle (who is not regarded as an encyclopedist but is very important for our topic), 10 out of more than 200 known encyclopedias are treated in some detail. This selection is certainly somewhat arbitrary, but it an attempt was made to choose encyclopedias which are highlights and which were widely circulated at their time. In antiquity and during the Middle Ages, the explanations of thunderstorms were generally quite different from the modern view, explaining, for instance, lightning as a consequence of thunder. Besides this, strange effects of lightning were often reported. Many authors of those times used the explanations of former encyclopedias, sometimes referring to earlier authors, often just plagiarizing. These ideas, unorthodox by our present understanding, persisted for almost 2 millennia in encyclopedias. From the middle of the 18th century onward, physical explanations began to emerge; these are still valid today. More and more correct details regarding lightning and thunder and the results of experiments have been reported in encyclopedias. It is also attempted in this paper to name the insights of other scientists which the authors of contemporary encyclopedias do not mention but which should have been available at the time. Finally, it is stated that, even today, several details regarding thunderstorms are not well understood.
Association between land use features and changes in walking patterns from pre-pandemic to post-pandemic: A case study of city of Sydney (2013–2023)
Authors: Nourmohammadi Fatemeh , Nourmohammadi Zahra , Lilasathapornkit Tanapon , Saberi Meead
Published: October 2024

While the impact of the pandemic on active mobility patterns is widely studied in several cities, the underlying characteristics that describe the heterogeneity in changes in active mobility are less understood. This is particularly important for post-pandemic active mobility planning. This study aims to investigate and describe the association between urban population and land-use features, as well as changes in the spatio-temporal patterns of walking from pre-pandemic to post-pandemic through a case study of the city of Sydney, Australia, using 11 years of pedestrian count data from 2013 to 2023. The findings indicate that during the pandemic, the average daily pedestrian traffic in Sydney decreased significantly compared to the pre-pandemic period. However, since experiencing the lowest pedestrian traffic in 2020, activities in the study area have shown signs of partial recovery, with a 51% increase observed in 2023. The observed changes in pedestrian activities are, however, spatially heterogeneous. Modeling results reveal that areas with greater commercial land use, more points of interest (POIs), higher population density, and higher network connectivity experienced a significant negative change in the number of walking trips from the pre-pandemic to the pandemic period. Areas with higher percentages of educational and residential use and with higher personal income experienced smaller changes in pedestrian activities during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. During the post-pandemic recovery, the influential features remain mostly unchanged; however, the association direction is the opposite.
Anayasa Yargısının Gerekliliği
Authors: Keser Hayri , Aydın Ali Kemal
Published: October 2024

Anayasa teorisi ve anayasacılık düşüncesi hayatımıza gireli neredeyse üç yüz yıl geçmiş ve bu üç yüz yıl boyunca durmak bilmeyen tartışmaların odağında her zaman devlet, devletin kısıtlanması ve demokrasi olmuştur. İnsanlık tarihi, savaşların, katliamların, soykırımların ve insan hayatının hiçe sayıldığı yüzyıllar geçirmiş, devletler kimi zaman sahip oldukları mutlak güç sayesinde azınlıkları hiçe saymış ve kimi zaman da devlet ile hukuk bütünleşmiştir.
Anayasa mahkemesi, devletin sınırlandırılması felsefesi içinde, devlet güçleri tarafından yapılan işlemlerin, kabul edilen anayasal sınırlara uygunluğunu ve kontrolünü sağlamak için kurulmuştur fakat zamanla anayasa mahkemesinin görevi yalnızca devlet işlemlerinin anayasa uygunluğunun kontrolüyle kalmamış, kişilerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerinin de koruyucusu haline gelmiştir.
Bu yazıda anayasa mahkemesinin gerekliliği anayasacılık, demokrasi ve anayasal demokrasi kuramları üzerinden tartışılacak ve demokrasinin klasik kuramı kapsamında anayasa mahkemesinin “anti demokratik” olduğu tezi eleştirilecektir. Anayasacılık teorisinin tarihinden başlayan bu yazıda anayasacılık kuramı ve demokrasi üzerinden birtakım saptamalar nihayetinde anayasa mahkemesinin gerekliliği hususuna değinilecek ve Doğu Asya’da yaşanmış politik olaylar üzerinden anayasa mahkemesinin “anti demokratik” olduğu iddiasına karşın pratik cevaplar verilecektir.
English as a Medium of Instruction in Pakistan: Equity, inclusion and Social Justice Issues
Authors: Suleman Nazia , Sadiq Uzma , Shehnaz Ambreen
Published: October 2024

The language of education plays a substantial role in the development of a nation. It is not only a means to transfer knowledge to the masses, but it also shapes the feelings and attitudes of individual students. Unfortunately, if the language (s) of education is not chosen carefully or if its status and role are not defined adequately, it may give rise to inequality and injustice. In Pakistan, during General Musharraf’s regime (2001-2008), English was proclaimed as the medium of instruction with the aim of introducing a unified medium of instruction for all, (Asif et al, 2020). English as the medium of instruction (EMI) has always remained controversial in Pakistan. It is often criticized for paving ways for a number of issues of equity, inclusion and social justice. Thus, the studyaims to explore the extent to which English medium instruction (EMI) addresses social equality and social justice issues in the public-school system of Pakistan. Data for the study is collected via interviews with ELT (English Language Teacher) professionals from the public- school system who are facing such issues because of EMI. Additionally, employing a thematic approach to analysis, study provides a critical analysis of inclusion and injustice issues. Finally, it draws implications for teachers, schools, and policymakers, and will make recommendations to address the issues.
Colonial Canal Built Environment of Multan Punjab: An Analysis of Administrative & Residential Structures
Authors: Abdul Basit  , Muhammad Shafique Bhatti
Published: October 2024

Architectural structures are mirrors of society’s standard of living, norms as well as values, especially the old architectural structures, that are not only the tangible realities rather  the providers of the  clues to the patterns of living  and human sense of understanding including the aesthetic sense. This research aims to analyses about the residential and official built structures of colonial era Multan in this perspective. The study also explores the architectural representation, ornamentation patterns, usage of spaces, and usage of material and climatic aspects of built structures of canal department in colonial Multan. Studying the drawings of the built structures (colonial circuit offices and bungalows of Multan), photographs, original and secondary type of documents are used while analyzing the colonial architecture of canal department of Multan. Analyzing the bungalows, the question taken up is: how different styles of architecture were adopted? and why these residential and official structures were built separately away from local populated area of Multan? Although the structure was developed in the sub-continent, both in terms of form and name, yet an indigenous typology of built environment was adapted and adopted by the Europeans and Bungalows as representative element of colonial built environment were restricted to Europeans. The colonial architecture fulfilled represented the social, environmental and political requirements of administrative European and mercantile class. Among the urban centers in India, Multan was one of the most important canal center that was occupied by the British in 1849 CE. It became an important frontier cantonment station in Punjab and very soon the major canal colony district of the British India. Therefore, the study analyses an important section of colonial continuity as Multan Canal Division still is represented as the agricultural center of Pakistani Punjab and Canal built structure is still functional and used residentially, administratively and for communication and irrigation purposes..
Equitable and Transparent Cash Disbursement under the BISP Program: An Analysis
Authors: Madiha Hasan  , Muhammad Muzammil Masood
Published: October 2024

The Government of Pakistan launched BISP program to ensure merit based financial assistance to the deserving persons and at present it covers more than 9.3 million households under kafalat program. 1 The program provides financial assistance on a regular basis to families who are vulnerable to economic shocks and due to financial constraints are unable to support themselves. Based on pre-defined eligibility criteria the applicants are selected for the financial assistance and payments are made from the payment centers as well as from the biometric point of sale franchises of the partner banks. It has been observed that Pakistan has fragmented social protection landscape comprising of weakly coordinated overlapping programs. To address this issue One Window BISP Policy 2021 has been approved by the Prime Minister to ensure availability of all services related to BISP program in one space. However, despite all these efforts BISP program has its transparencies and equitability related challenges such as limited administrative capacity, absence of adequate monitoring and lack of   evidence-based strategies to combat errors, fraud and corruption. To make this program more transparent it is required that safeguards like simple and cashless disbursement mechanisms, proper monitoring and an effective complaint resolution system must be introduced to enhance the effectiveness of the program.
Deep Learning in Computer Vision: A Critical Review
Authors: Pradumn Kumar, Praveen Kumar Shukla
Published: October 2024

Today, a machine learning tool has gained a lot of consideration as a data analysis and image processing tool, with encouraging results. Massive amounts of data are being generated in every field or any domain at a distressing rate. This review paper provides a brief overview of current technologies and a conceptual explanation of the development of computer vision with image processing and the usage of specific regions in their respective fields. Computer vision with deep learning allows researchers to investigate pictures and videos to attain essential facts, recognize facts on occasions, or provide explanations and exquisite patterns. It utilized the approach of diverse-variety utility areas with large-scale data mining. We employed a review to extract and synthesize the techniques and attributes that have been used in different applications of computer vision, like image classification, image localization, object detection, and many more, with their features. So according to computer vision tasks, there are Deep Belief Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Deep Boltzmann Machines (DBN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Stacked Denoising Auto Encoders, and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithms that are some of the most important advanced machine learning (deep learning) algorithms. Lastly, a quick evaluation of future approaches to constructing advanced machine learning algorithms is provided for challenges and issues related to computer vision with improved performance.
Optimizing Company Performance Through Effective Logistics Management
Authors: Shreya Andru
Published: October 2024

In the contemporary business environment, effective supply chain and logistics management are pivotal for minimizing costs, enhancing competitiveness, and optimizing operational efficiency. This study investigates the effects of key logistics practices—transportation, warehousing, packaging, inventory, and information management—on organizational performance. Leveraging a ‘Supply Chain Optimization’ dataset from Kaggle, the research analyzes how cost reductions across these logistics activities influence overall expenses and performance metrics. By categorizing Supply Chain Management (SCM) performance metrics into strategic, tactical, and operational levels, the study reveals how decisions at each level, from location strategy to daily inventory management, interact to impact overall effectiveness. The findings emphasize the critical role of optimizing logistics functions to boost business efficiency, customer satisfaction, and competitive advantage. The study provides actionable insights for logistics managers aiming to enhance performance through improved management practices in various Industries and organizations.
Consumer Engagement with Financial Content: A Review of Media Influence on Mortgage Decision-Making.
Authors: Leo Gertrude David, N. Gayathri, Devika, Clifford
Published: October 2024

This review examines the multifaceted role of media in shaping consumer engagement with financial content, particularly in the realm of mortgage decision-making. Drawing from a diverse array of studies, it is noted that "media can significantly affect how consumers perceive and process financial information" (Lusardi & Mitchell, 2014). This review critically evaluates how various media forms—from traditional print to digital platforms—impact consumer behavior within the mortgage market. The review is thematically organized to elucidate key findings on media’s impact on decision-making, identify significant gaps in existing research, and highlight crucial areas warranting further exploration. Conclusively, it asserts that while media significantly influences mortgage choices, there remains an urgent need for enhanced financial education and critical engagement among consumers. "The implications for practitioners and policymakers are discussed, alongside proposed directions for future research endeavors" (Gathergood & Weber, 2014).
Embryotomy for head last retention: A case report from Thiès, Senegal
Authors: Gueye Lamine , Thiam Ousmane , Thiam Mariétou , Gassama Omar , Abdoulaye Ba Papa , Lamine Cissé Mamadou
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is a pathology of heterogeneous nature and complex pathogenesis. It corresponds to an active distension of the ventricular system. Faced with hydrocephalus with retained head in a dead child, embryotomy by craniotomy is indicated.

Case Report: We report a case of intrapartum fetal death with head-last retention due to hydrocephalus treated with craniotomy performed at the regional hospital of Thiès (CHRT). This was a 21-year-old primigravida patient seen for premature delivery in a pregnancy of 33 weeks 5 days. The ultrasound concluded that the pregnancy had stopped at 33 weeks 5 days with major hydrocephalus. A craniotomy followed by gradual evacuation of the cerebrospinal fluid allowed easy delivery of a fresh stillborn weighing 1950 grams. The afterbirth was simple.

Conclusion: Embryotomy by craniotomy constitutes a good option to complete delivery by natural means in the face of head retention due to hydrocephalus with intrapartum death. It is therefore necessary to master this simple and less morbid technique than a cesarean section in such a situation.
If at First You Don’t Succeed… A Critique of the Australian Human Rights Act Proposal and the Inquiry into Australia’s Human Rights Framework
Authors: Chen Bruce
Published: October 2024

Australia, being rather an outlier, does not have a national Bill of Rights. The Australian Human Rights Commission (‘AHRC’) has recently sought to reinvigorate the issue, recommending the enactment of an Australian Human Rights Act. Its proposed model went before the Commonwealth Parliamentary Joint Committee on Human Rights, as part of the Inquiry into Australia’s Human Rights Framework. This article considers the need and support for an Australian Human Rights Act, incorporating recent developments during the COVID-19 pandemic. It provides a detailed critique of the AHRC’s proposed model and elements for human rights protection. In doing so, the article draws upon the experiences of certain Australian state and territory jurisdictions with Bills of Rights. It concludes by strongly endorsing the AHRC’s proposed model, subject to some reservations (about a participation duty, equal access to justice duty and power to exempt certain public authorities) and suggested clarifications or enhancements.
Robust Watchdogs, Toothless Tigers, or Kangaroo Courts? The Evolution of Anti-corruption Commissions in Australia
Authors: Ng Yee-Fui , Gray Stephen
Published: October 2024

The spotlight has been shone on anti-corruption commissions with the creation of the National Anti-corruption Commission at the federal level in 2023. Despite the importance of these agencies in combating corruption in government, there is relatively little academic research in this area. This article will conduct a historical analysis of the development and evolution of anti-corruption commissions across the Australian federation. It will examine major legislative amendments to Australian anti-corruption commissions from their inception, and the political context in which amendments have occurred, with the goal of determining whether the changes to these bodies are attempts to bolster their function, clip their wings, or protect individual rights. We argue that while principles of independence, accountability and individual protection are important at the level of institutional design, the history and evolution of these bodies reveal the significant and sometimes overwhelming importance of political factors in driving design changes.
Developing Dynamics of Teacher’s Professional Identity
Authors: Abdusamiyev Dilmurod
Published: October 2024

the article describes the main directions of the teacher’s professional activity, their influence on the development of professional identity, the stages of the formation of the self-concept and the scientific-methodical analysis of the development criteria, as well as suggestions and recommendations for the effective organization of professional activity.
Hydrocarbon synthesis using Iron and Ruthenium/SiO2 with FISCHER-TROPSCH catalysis
Authors: Fonseca Yuraima , Fontal Bernardo , Reyes Marisela , Suárez Trino , Bellandi Fernando , Contreras Ricardo , Cancines Pedro , Loaiza Alfonso , Briceño Mauro
Published: October 2024

Fe2(CO)9, Fe3(CO)12 and Ru3(CO)12 clusters were used as precursors for silica supported metals. The impregnated silica solids were obtained in organic solvents under inert atmosphere and the adsorbed complexes and reduced metals characterized by FT-IR, SEM EDX and HRTEM. The catalysts showed good Fischer-Tropsch (FT) activity; the main products were alkanes, alkenes and medium and higher alcohols as analyzed by GCMS. The Ru catalysts showed higher alcohols selectivity. HRTEM showed Ru nanoparticle size.
CUMIL (Card Ibu Hamil): Inovasi Media Edukasi sebagai Upaya Penurunan Prevalensi Stunting Tingkat Desa
Authors: Berliana Revi Anisa , Firdausy Zeany Farra
Published: October 2024

Kecamatan Jelbuk memiliki masalah kesehatan dengan prevalensi balita stunting sebanyak 381 balita atau sekitar 18,47% per Agustus 2023 dan diketahui Desa Panduman merupakan desa yang menyumbang angka stunting terbanyak. Seorang ibu hamil yang berisiko melahirkan bayi dengan berat lahir rendah dapat mempengaruhi sekitar 20% dari kejadian stunting pada anak. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk dilakukan edukasi kesehatan yang erat hubungannya dengan pencegahan stunting bagi ibu hamil. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, tim PPK ORMAWA BEM FKM UNEJ merancang program CUMIL (Card Ibu Hamil), sebuah kartu informasi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ibu hamil melalui kemudahan akses terhadap informasi kesehatan yang relevan mengenai kehamilan dan pencegahan stunting sedini mungkin. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi kepada ibu hamil di Desa Panduman menggunakan media berupa Power Point dan pengukuran tingkat pengetahuan menggunakan metode pre & post test. Sosialisasi ini dihadiri oleh 70 peserta dengan hasil pre post menunjukkan hanya sebesar 28 sasaran (40%) mendapatkan nilai optimal, namun setelah dilaksanakan post test naik dua kali lipat yaitu sebanyak 56 sasaran (80%) mendapatkan nilai optimal. Sosialisasi ini berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman serta menambah pengetahuan baru bagi ibu hamil di Desa Panduman. Kegiatan ini melibatkan partisipasi aktif oleh ibu hamil, kader posyandu, pihak stakeholder desa yang meliputi bidan desa, tenaga kesehatan Polindes, sekretaris desa, dan kepala desa, serta tim PPK ORMAWA BEM FKM UNEJ.
Covid-19, su impacto en los negocios y la sociedad civil. Experiencias de países del hemisferio sur frente a la pandemia
Authors: Prado Meza Claudia M. , Haro Navejas Francisco Javier , Andrade Restrepo Lina María , Escobar Cristiani Adela Beatríz , Hurtado Briceño Alberto José , A. Hussain Imtiaz , Plaza Taucare Exequiel , Ramírez Bonilla Juan José , Reyes Herrera Milton Alfredo , Reyes Lugardo Marco Antonio , Rico Otálora Byron Armando , Sosa de Souza Luciana , Sánchez Bernal Indira Iasel , Tenorio Rosero María Lorena , Veintimilla Almeida Diana Gissela , Ventura Navarrete María del Rayo , Zerpa de Hurtado Sadcidi
Published: October 2024

Este libro presenta la mirada latinoamericana sobre como los gobiernos de Angola, Malí, Marruecos, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Malasia, Brasil, Chile y Ecuador sobrellevaron la crisis por el covid-19. Se brinda así un panorama a otras realidades y paradigmas sobre países que usualmente no son parte de nuestras conversaciones cotidianas, pero al conocer sus esfuerzos para hacer frente a la pandemia es posible identificar retos comunes, preguntas que persisten, y una añoranza a cambios sistemáticos que se creían imposibles a raíz de un acontecimiento de este tipo. En suma, en esta obra se aborda cómo la sociedad respondió a diversas injusticias durante e incluso después de la pandemia, buscando subsistir y cuidar la vida.
Realization of a tracker for a parabolic cylindrical optical concentrator (application on a photovoltaic_thermal window
Authors: Zakaria Bendjellouli , Mohammed Belhadj , Nasri Abdelfatah , Ismail Benlaria , Elhadj Sabouni
Published: October 2024

To produce more electrical energy with the same PV module, the output power of the PV module can be increased by increasing the solar radiation incident on the PV module, because the amount of electricity obtained from PV systems is directly proportional to the intensity of solar radiation projected onto the surface of the solar module. Implementing a solar concentration system can be a good solution to increase the efficiency of the PV module. This study examines the effectiveness of using a movable parabolic reflector in a window containing a photovoltaic array with a heat exchanger containing water circulating in a pipeline, to obtain a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) module. The results demonstrate that using a movable parabolic reflector with a cooling system to absorb excess heat in a building window could increase and improve the performance of the photovoltaic array and enable optimal use of solar panels with more energy produced.
Malandragem, vadiagem e trabalho no Rio de Janeiro do pós-abolição
Authors: Alessandra Tavares
Published: October 2024

A malandragem como prática social foi amplamente abordada na forma de personagens da literatura brasileira, desde o século XIX. Eram tipos populares com características próprias que estariam atravessados pelo binômio ordem/desordem, ou seja, vivendo os desafios morais em seus cotidianos. Com base na ficção é que uma espécie de “sociologia da malandragem” (Rocha) se desenvolve, ao refletir a respeito do conceito e/ou práticas de determinados sujeitos sociais quanto problema. Os debates a respeito da malandragem entram nas pautas de compreensão do povo brasileiro a partir do sujeito malandro, que estaria em algum lugar social “dialético” (Cândido), possuía um “jeitinho” específico de ser (D’ Matta) e que era mestiço e sambista (Matos). A questão que motiva esta pesquisa, no entanto, busca abordar como a malandragem quanto conceito e prática social esteve intimamente ligada com a perseguição da ‘vadiagem’ (Terra) e produziu “imagens de controle” (Collins), que fundamentou o controle e as perseguições aos corpos de pessoas negras, sobretudo, homens negros no pós-abolição. O objetivo é propor uma reflexão a respeito da autodefinição feita por grupos de trabalhadores portuários, categoria muito perseguida pelas leis de vadiagem, como contraponto às generalizações a respeito de seus corpos. Na construção de discursos de si que estavam na inteface entre a crítica social e a construção coletiva de estratégias de se colocarem socialmente.
ANÁLISE DE MERCADO E MARKETING SOCIAL PARA A PROMOÇÃO DE SAÚDE ESCOLAR: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO MARANHÃO
Authors: Sousa Fabrício de Jesus Alves
Published: October 2024

Este estudo de caso analisa a aplicação de um modelo de Análise de Mercado para o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo de saúde escolar, visando verificar o alinhamento com as teorias de Marketing Social para a Promoção de Saúde. A metodologia foi exploratória e descritiva, utilizando revisão de literatura para encontrar artigos que relacionassem Análise de Mercado e Marketing Social com Promoção de Saúde, além de análise documental de uma tese desenvolvida pelo autor. Houve predominância de trabalhos em Administração, com maior uso de ferramentas de Marketing, foco em objetivos mercadológicos e desenvolvimento de produtos práticos voltados para o setor privado em trabalhos resultantes da busca da relação Análise de Mercado-Promoção de Saúde e resultados contrários nos resultados da relação Marketing Social-Promoção de Saúde. Poucos trabalhos apresentaram intenção de mudança de hábitos e pesquisa de mercado aprofundada e nenhum apresentou plano de Marketing Social estruturado e bem fundamentado em pesquisa ou consideração de todos os 4Ps do Marketing, como preconizado pela teoria. A tese destacou-se por produzir resultado prático, ser voltada para o setor público, mostrar maior clareza na intenção de mudança de hábitos e realizar pesquisa de mercado efetiva. Conclui-se que, embora a tese apresente semelhanças com outros trabalhos, diferencia-se por combinar características não encontradas na literatura, reforçando a importância da expansão do conhecimento de Marketing a outras áreas e da boa fundamentação para ações na interface Marketing Social e Promoção de Saúde, visto aumentarem significativamente as chances de impacto positivo.
Strategi Dakwah Bil-Lisan bagi Masyarakat Pedesaan
Authors: Widiyanto Vian , Sarjono Joko , Widoyo Agus Fatuh
Published: October 2024

To achieve happiness in this world and the hereafter, da'wah is an obligation for every Muslim. Islam provides da'wah activists with various methods that they can use according to the circumstances they face during da'wah to realize da'wah work. Da'wah bi al-bahasa is the most important and most effective da'wah method. effective. Descriptive qualitative methods and phenomenological-naturalistic approaches were used in this study. Data collection was done through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis used data preparation, verification, and reduction. The results of the study explain that the An-Nur Mosque in Bakalan Hamlet, Harjosari Village, holds Dakwah Bil Lisan activities led by a Ustad every Friday night after the Maghrib prayer , starting with the reading of the Yasin Letter of the Qur'an, then continuing with the reading of Tahlil, namely the reading of Tasbih, Tahmid, Takbir, Istighfar, and finally prayer. Continued until Isha time filled with lectures with religious strengthening material, the Taklimul Muta'alim Book and also the Aqidatul awam book. Second , this activity is carried out using the Mauidzah Khasanah Method with the help of Qaulan Ma'rufa (kind words), Qaulan Layyina (gentle words), and Qaulan Baligha (words that leave an impression on the heart or soul).
Euschistus heros: Economic injury level and economic threshold of early maturing carioca common bean cultivar
Authors: Oliveira Luciano Mendes de , Bianco Rodolfo , Hoshino Adriano Thibes , Zandonade Regina Mayumi , Souza Danilo Mateus de , Buratto Juliana Sawada , Androcioli Humberto Godoy , Menezes Júnior Ayres de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Early maturing common-bean cultivars lack information referring to Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) feeding damage assessment. This information is pertinent towards establishing economic threshold for an integrated pest management program. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship, between the density of stink bugs and the degree of injuries towards the pod and grain production, quantity and quality, of the IPR Curió cultivar. The experiments were conducted during two seasons at the IDR-Paraná in Londrina, Paraná, in field conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five repetitions. The treatments were: 0 (control); 1; 2; 3; 4; 5 E. heros m-1. The evaluated variables were number of grained and flat pods; healthy, damaged and aborted grain mass; grain yield. The economic injury level (EIL), economic threshold (ET) and spraying efficiency influence on the ET were calculated. The total number of grained pods was not affected. More than three brown stink bugs, during the summer season, significantly increases flat pod output. The rainy season resulted in greater aborted grains. Increasing E. heros densities, during the summer season, significantly reduces the healthy grain output. The damaged grain mass doubles at higher than one E. heros population densities. The total grain mass produced was not affected. During the summer season, each E. heros reduces 11% of healthy grain output, and during the rainy season 6%. During the summer season was 1.50 of E. heros m-1 and for the rainy season 1.00 E. heros m-1. The spraying efficiency should directly affect the EIL, modifying the value, thus better resembling the field conditions.