bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new nemertean with a branched proboscis,
Authors: Hookabe Natsumi , Xu Cong-Mei , Tsuyuki Aoi , Jimi Naoto , Sun Shi-Chun , Kajihara Hiroshi
Published: March 2021

Among ~1300 species of world nemerteans, seven species in five genera of lineid heteronemerteans have been known to possess a branched proboscis. In this paper, we describe the eighth branched-proboscis species: Gorgonorhynchus citrinus sp. nov. from Okinawa, Japan. We also report Gorgonorhynchus cf. repens Dakin & Fordham, 1931 with uniformly orange body, as a new member for the Japanese nemertean fauna. We infer the phylogenetic relationships between these forms and other members of Lineidae McIntosh, 1874 for which partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and the nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3 genes are available in public databases, along with newly sequenced data of another branched-proboscis heteronemertean, Polydendrorhynchus zhanjiangensis (Yin & Zheng, 1984) from China. In the resulting tree, Gorgonorhychus Dakin & Fordham, 1931 was sister group to non-branched-proboscis Dushia Corrêa, 1963, whereas P. zhanjiangensis was sister group to likewise non-branched-proboscis Cerebratulus lacteus (Leidy, 1851). http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:685992C5-F595-4C28-9178-256D945E595A
Equine early pregnancy endocrine profiles and ipsilateral endometrial immune cell, gene expression and protein localisation response
Authors: Kalpokas Irene , Martínez María Noel , Cavestany Daniel , Perdigón Fernando , Mattos Rodrigo Costa , Meikle Ana
Published: March 2021

We investigated the early effects of the equine embryo on maternal serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), leptin and adiponectin, uterine immune cells and genes and proteins related to embryo development and the maintenance of pregnancy. Ipsilateral endometrial expression was assessed on Days 7 and 13 after ovulation for the following transcripts: oestrogen receptor ERα (ESR1), progesterone receptor (PGR), progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 5 (PAQR5), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), raf-1 proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (RAF1), p21-activated kinase 6 (PAK6), fibroblast growth factor family member 9 (FGF9), IGF1 and its receptor (IGF1R), mucin 1 (MUC1), osteopontin (OPN), leptin receptor (LEPR) and adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2). Ipsilateral endometrial immunological cell infiltration and immunohistochemical protein localisation were evaluated on Days 7, 10 and 13 after ovulation for ERα, PGR, OXTR, PTGS2, IGF1, IGF1R, IGF2 and MUC1. Serum hormone concentrations were not affected by reproductive status. Pregnancy downregulated ESR1 and PGR mRNA levels, upregulated the expression of all other genes and affected the expression of all genes, except PGR, on Day 7 (compared with eight genes affected at Day 13). Proteins were affected by pregnancy or by its interaction with other variables (day of extraction and endometrial compartment). Pregnant mares had a higher lymphocyte count, which decreased towards Day 13. The effect of pregnancy on leucocytes and proteins was more evident in superficial endometrial compartments. The results of this study suggest that the equine embryo exerts prompt paracrine regulation of critical biological processes.
Flow-mediated olfactory communication in honeybee swarms
Authors: Nguyen Dieu My T. , Iuzzolino Michael L. , Mankel Aaron , Bozek Katarzyna , Stephens Greg J. , Peleg Orit
Published: March 2021

Significance

We show that bees locate their queen by performing a cascade of “scenting” events, where individual bees direct their pheromone signals by fanning their wings. The bees create a dynamic spatiotemporal network that recruits new broadcasting bees over time, as the pheromones travel a distance that is orders of magnitude the length of an individual. We develop high-throughput machine learning tools to identify the locations and timings of scenting events, and demonstrate that these events integrate into a global “map” that leads to the queen. We use these results to build an agent-based model that illustrates the advantage of the directional signaling in amplifying the pheromones, thus leading to an effective search and aggregation process.
Frontrunning the signals: As arbitrage between sophisticates
Authors: Akerlof George A. , Tong Hui
Published: March 2021

Significance

This paper adds another dimension to the analysis of equilibria in markets with sophisticated traders. There is a rat race between sophisticated investors, who purchase assets in advance of receiving information. Thereby they avoid the loss due to waiting too long if the information turns out positive, as they also take advantage of the opportunity to dump if the information is negative. The rat race results in a special result: All of the transaction costs of the extra frontrunning are borne by the unsophisticated traders, with no gain to the sophisticates. This paper hence provides a specific instance of inefficient financial transactions and excessive rent seeking with gains to no one.
Mixing Sport and Religion in Les Landes (France)
Authors: Lamothe Mathilde
Published: March 2021

Les Landes is a ‘Département’ of south-western France, famous for its pine forests and endless beaches, part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its identity is reflected in the importance given to sports such as rugby, cycling, basketball and the ‘Course Landaise’: a relatively non-violent form of bullfighting or bull-running. The value given to these sports is reflected in local chapels that celebrate the sports, through their décor, their sports trophies and their stained-glass windows.

Information

Adapted from ‘Chapter 10 Mixing Sport and Religion in the Landes Area of France’. In: Giacalone, F., Griffin, K. Local Identities and Transnational Cults within Europe. CABI, pp. 87-98.

© CAB International 2018
The dynamic instability of actin filament barbed ends
Authors: Romet-Lemonne Guillaume , Jégou Antoine
Published: March 2021

The turnover of actin filament networks in cells has long been considered to reflect the treadmilling behavior of pure actin filaments in vitro, where only the pointed ends depolymerize. Newly discovered molecular mechanisms challenge this notion, as they provide evidence of situations in which growing and depolymerizing barbed ends coexist.
Spectral polarization-encoding of broadband laser pulses by optical rotatory dispersion and its applications in spectral manipulation*
Authors: Lu Xiaowei , Wang Congying , Zeng Xuanke , Lin Jiahe , Cai Yi , Lin Qinggang , Shangguan Huangcheng , Chen Zhenkuan , Xu Shixiang , Li Jingzhen
Published: March 2021

We propose a kind of spectral polarization-encoding (SPE) for broadband light pulses, which is realized by inducing optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), and decoded by compensating ORD. Combining with polarization-sensitive devices, SPE can not only work to control polarization-dependent transmission for central wavelength or bandwidth-tunable filtering, but also can be used for broadband regenerative or multi-pass amplification with a polarization-dependent gain medium to improve output bandwidth. SPE is entirely passive thus very simple to be designed and aligned. By using an ORD crystal with a good transmission beyond 3-μm mid-infrared region, e.g., AgGaS2, SPE promises to be applied for the wavelength tuning lasers in mid-infrared region, where the tunning devices are rather under developed compared with those in visible and near-infrared region.
Calculations of dynamic multipolar polarizabilities of the Cd clock transition levels*
Authors: Zhou Mi , Tang Li-Yan
Published: March 2021

The pursuit of a systematic frequency uncertainty beyond 10−18 clock has triggered a multitude of investigations on the multipolar and higher-order lattice light shifts. The Cd atom has been proposed as a new candidate for the development of a lattice clock because of its smaller blackbody radiation shift at room temperature. Here, we apply an improved combined method of the Dirac–Fock plus core polarization and relativistic configuration interaction methods to calculate the dynamic multipolar polarizabilities of the Cd clock states. The effects of the high-order core-polarization potentials on the energies, reduced matrix elements, and multipolar polarizabilities have been evaluated systematically. The detailed comparison with available literature demonstrates that taking into account of the high-order core-polarization potentials is a simple and effective approach to improve the results of atomic properties for heavy atoms.
Discharge characteristic of very high frequency capacitively coupled argon plasma*
Authors: Yin Gui-Qin , Wang Jing-Jing , Gao Shan-Shan , Jiang Yong-Bo , Yuan Qiang-Hua
Published: March 2021

The discharge characteristics of capacitively coupled argon plasmas driven by very high frequency discharge are studied. The mean electron temperature and electron density are calculated by using the Ar spectral lines at different values of power (20 W–70 W) and four different frequencies (13.56 MHz, 40.68 MHz, 94.92 MHz, and 100 MHz). The mean electron temperature decreases with the increase of power at a fixed frequency. The mean electron temperature varies non-linearly with frequency increasing at constant power. At 40.68 MHz, the mean electron temperature is the largest. The electron density increases with the increase of power at a fixed frequency. In the cases of driving frequencies of 94.92 MHz and 100 MHz, the obtained electron temperatures are almost the same, so are the electron densities. Particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) method developed within the Vsim 8.0 simulation package is used to simulate the electron density, the potential distribution, and the electron energy probability function (EEPF) under the experimental condition. The sheath width increases with the power increasing. The EEPF of 13.56 MHz and 40.68 MHz are both bi-Maxwellian with a large population of low-energy electrons. The EEPF of 94.92 MHz and 100 MHz are almost the same and both are nearly Maxwellian.
Effect of Joule heating on the electroosmotic microvortex and dielectrophoretic particle separation controlled by local electric field*
Authors: Yan Bing , Chen Bo , Xiong Yongliang , Peng Zerui
Published: March 2021

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) technology has become important application of microfluidic technology to manipulate particles. By using a local modulating electric field to control the combination of electroosmotic microvortices and DEP, our group proposed a device using a direct current (DC) electric field to achieve continuous particle separation. In this paper, the influence of the Joule heating effect on the continuous separation of particles is analyzed. Results show that the Joule heating effect is caused by the local electric field, and the Joule heating effect caused by adjusting the modulating voltage is more significant than that by driving voltage. Moreover, a non-uniform temperature distribution exists in the channel due to the Joule heating effect, and the temperature is the highest at the midpoint of the modulating electrodes. The channel flux can be enhanced, and the enhancement of both the channel flux and temperature is more obvious for a stronger Joule heating effect. In addition, the ability of the vortices to trap particles is enhanced since a larger DEP force is exerted on the particles with the Joule heating effect; and the ability of the vortex to capture particles is stronger with a stronger Joule heating effect. The separation efficiency can also be increased because perfect separation is achieved at a higher channel flux. Parameter optimization of the separation device, such as the convective heat transfer coefficient of the channel wall, the length of modulating electrode, and the width of the channel, is performed.
Influence of temperature and alloying elements on the threshold displacement energies in concentrated Ni–Fe–Cr alloys*
Authors: Zhao Shijun
Published: March 2021

Concentrated solid-solution alloys (CSAs) have demonstrated promising irradiation resistance depending on their compositions. Under irradiation, various defects can be produced. One of the most important parameters characterizing the defect production and the resulting defect number is the threshold displacement energies (E
d). In this work, we report the results of E
d values in a series of Ni–Fe–Cr concentrated solid solution alloys through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Based on several different empirical potentials, we show that the differences in the E
d values and its angular dependence are mainly due to the stiffness of the potential in the intermediate regime. The influences of different alloying elements and temperatures on E
d values in different CSAs are further evaluated by calculating the defect production probabilities. Our results suggest a limited influence of alloying elements and temperature on E
d values in concentrated alloys. Finally, we discuss the relationship between the primary damage and E
d values in different alloys. Overall, this work presents a thorough study on the E
d values in concentrated alloys, including the influence of empirical potentials, their angular dependence, temperature dependence, and effects on primary defect production.
The effect of pulsed electric field on the intercellular structure of biological substances
Authors: Dróżdż T , Kiełbasa P , Nawara P , Miernik A
Published: March 2021

The article presents the effect of using pulsed electric field (PEF) to change the structure of selected biological substances. The process analysis was performed based on the micro, meso and macroscale effects. The effect of exposure of organic matter to the above-mentioned conditions is electroporation of the cell membrane, i.e. the formation or growth of native, already existing membrane pores. A biological cell behaves in a similar manner to a capacitor with a low dielectric constant. Therefore, when it is placed in the area under the influence of the electric field, the ions which are inside and outside the cell will begin to move in the direction of the applied electric field. Consequently, this leads to the accumulation of free, oppositely charged electric charges on both sides of the cell membrane. These charges can interact mutually and cause local pressure increases, which lead to changes in the thickness of the cell membrane and, consequently, to disruption of its continuity [1].
Analysis of the actual shape of the ESD generator pulse in relation to the normative requirements
Authors: Dróżdż T , Kiełbasa P , Nawara P , Miernik A
Published: March 2021

The article presents a new method of verification of ESD generators that meets the requirements of the standard. A new solution of dependent generators was taken into account on the basis of the obtained measurement result of the actual operation of the current generator at its output from the mathematical model. In the shaping created for the needs of simulation work integrated with the required reservations of the standard and the required errors counted and accuracy of operations.
Model and simulation of temperature changes in the buffer tank cooperating with the greenhouse heating system
Authors: Kurpaska S , Krakowiak-Bal A , Religa A
Published: March 2021

The paper presents a mathematical model describing the water temperature change in a buffer tank. The buffer tank is an integral part of modern greenhouse heating systems. The model includes heat fluxes from the heating boiler, heat fluxes transferred to the greenhouse interior and heat losses from the system (tank, pipes connecting the tank with the heating system). The differential method was used to determine the temperature value in the tank. Verification tests carried out in a real facility showed that the mean square error is 0.14K.
Optical properties of a polymer film substrate after laser ablation of transparent conductors
Authors: Pawlak R , Tomczyk M , Tabaka P , Walczak M
Published: March 2021

In the article some aspects of laser processing of conductive and transparent film of ITO (indium tin oxide) layer on PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate are discussed. The optical properties of polymeric substrates after laser ablation of an ITO layer was the main subject of these studies. Determination of conditions of the laser treatment without damage of polymer substrate was the purpose of presented investigation. The influence of a scanning speed, duration and energy of laser pulses on the results of interaction of nanosecond fiber laser on ITO film have been presented. Optical properties of PET substrate after laser ablation of ITO layer have been estimated by measurements of a spectral transmission coefficient and microscopic examinations. The process parameters window for completely ablation of ITO layer without damage of the polymer substrate was established.
Microwave defectoscopy – detection of composite delamination
Authors: Sobkiewicz P , Bieńkowski P , Błażejewski W
Published: March 2021

This paper is a short description of microwave non-destructive testing methods for composite material and presentation of a simple broadband microwave test method with an open-ended waveguide antenna for the purpose of non-destructive testing and quality evaluation of layered composite materials. Low-complexity experimental setup is shown. Research is aimed to determine the physical state of layered composite material especially in industrial pipelines. The overall applicability of the proposed system for detection purpose is demonstrated with use of experimental results. Suggestions for future researches is the need to develop more sophisticated waveguides systems to increase the scan resolution.
Spatial analysis of the electrical conductivity of the subsoil in various production technologies
Authors: Zagórda M , Kiełbasa P , Finduraand P , Korenko M
Published: March 2021

The cultivation technology that is used has a very large impact on changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Depending on the machines used and doses of added fertilizers, the changes may concern shallow or deep soil layers. The most commonly used method to quickly determine spatial variability is the measurement of the electrical properties of the soil using the EM38 conductivity meter. The aim of the study was to analyse the spatial variability of the electrical conductivity of the subsoil in fields where traditional cultivation technology and precision farming technology were used. The research consisted of scanning the soil with the EM38 probe at 4 experimental sites and subjecting the results to spatial analysis in the GIS software. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the soil electromagnetic conductivity variability testing method identifies the actual soil variability very well. It should be noted, however, that the lack of additional classical validation measurements may lead to erroneous conclusions. Even with similar soils in the fields, there may be significant differences in mean values (103 - 190 mS · m−1) and variability (18 - 41%).
Performance improvement of biomass combustion-basedstove byimplementing internally air-distribution
Authors: Simanjuntak J P , Daryanto E , Baharuddin  , Tambunan B H
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to enhance the performance of biomass combustion-based stove. Thermal performances were assessed in terms of power output (Pout), specific fuel consumption (SFC), thermal efficiency (ηth), and burning rate (BR). These performances were expected to meet the minimum standards established by the Indonesian biomass stove alliance regarding the use of a healthy and energy-saving of biomass stove in Indonesia. The stove tested was an improved stove with an advantage on the air distributor by adding a component to administrate air combustion needed placed on the centre of the combustion zones. This is a very effective way to distribute air for combustion required where the air could reach all the fuel and the combustion product that occupy entire the combustion zones to ensure high combustion zone temperature. Coconut shell was used as feedstock. This biomass was found abundant in Indonesia and was widely used as heat source by burning it directly. The coconut shell was sized uniformly about 5 cm x 5 cm, dried by utilizing sun energy. To estimate the stove performances, several combustion tests was carried out where the air flow rate into the stove (Qa) and the amount of biomass fuel (mb) referred as the air–fuel ratio (A/F) were considered. The Water Boiling Test (WBT) was performed to assess this improved stove. Parameter required such as initial mass of coconut shell, the mass of residual ash, the initial mass of water, mass of water after boiling, and the time required to boil as well as combustion flame temperature were recorded and used to determine the performance of the improved stove studied.
Calculation and Analysis of Critical Heat Flux at LWR Passive Safety Design
Authors: Sudarmono
Published: March 2021

Critical heat flux (MDNBR) is one parameter for safe nuclear reactor operation. The magnitude of MDNBR is determined by local heat flux. When it is sufficiently high, it will cause a change in heat equilibrium and deteriorate nuclear fuel structure. To obtain assurance for nuclear reactor safety in safe criteria, Calculation and analysis of Critical heat flux of 630 MWe passive LWR was carried out at steady state and transient condition. The study used COBRA IV-I sub channel program coupled with critical heat flux correlation of EPRI-Columbia and W-3. The program models the core into 1/8 sections, each of which is divided into 83 sub-channels in radial direction and 40 nodes in axial direction, including 8 sub-channels of the hottest assembly. Normalized coast down flow and reactor power decay at initial phase is 10 second after loss of flow accident (LOFA) caused by anticipated primary pump failure. The effects of all input parameters, such as radial nodes, axial nodes, mix coefficient, velocity of coolant mass entering the core and power variation, have been identified. Evaluation of the results of safety calculation indicates that MDNBR, cladding temperature, and hot channel temperature are 1.83, 349°C and 2033°C, respectively. As the licensing limits for those parameters are 1.3, 1850°C, and 2840°C, it is concluded that the design of 630 MWe passive LWR has met the licensing criteria of safety. Modelling for safety analysis of passive LWR employs COBRA IV-I program. The results show that this program can be used to calculate hydraulic safety parameters with sub-channel model.
Analysis of Mixing Oil (Diala B with S2-ZUI) for Cooling Systems Used in Power Transformers
Authors: Hs Syafruddin , Supriyadi  , Pinem Maksum
Published: March 2021

The Diala B oil used as a cooling system for transformers is an old product from the manufacturer and is no longer being reproduced. To maintain the oil level in the transformer under normal conditions, S2-ZUI oil is added which is a new product from the manufacturer. Before being mixed with old oil, new oil is tested in the laboratory to meet the test parameters in the IEC 60296 standard. In this paper, several important parameters are measured such as viscosity, breakdown voltage, water content, acidity, density, flash point, pour point, corrosive sulfur, interfacial tension, dielectric dissipation factor, total acidity, and sludge. Besides, the properties of mixed oil are also tested in the laboratory before mixing them in the transformer. The results showed that the new oil (100% S2-ZUI) and the mixture of Diala B with S2-ZUI (50%: 50%) tested in the laboratory still meet the quality requirements according to IEC 60296 standards. Laboratory test results indicate that this new oil can be used as an addition to Diala B oil in transformers for cooling and insulation systems.
A study of the optical transmission spectra of polyester resin-based glass fabricated by open mold cast technique
Authors: Wahyuni F , Santjojo D J D H , Juswono U P , Santoso D R , Sakti S P
Published: March 2021

Polyester resin is a thermoset resin commonly used in the production of polymer composites. Polyester resin is a polymer matrix that is easily available and widely used by the general public and industry. Besides, this resin is cheap, has unique characteristics, namely that it can be made rigid and flexible. This research aimed to investigate the optical transmission spectra of polyester resin-based glass fabricated by open mold casting technique with different MEKPO or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide concentrations in the visible region. This research used Yukalac C 108B polyester resin. Catalyst MEKPO was added with three variations, 1%, 2%, and 5%. The prepared mixture was then set at 30 Celsius degree and 1000 RPM for five minutes by a magnetic stirrer. The optical transmission spectra of the glass were measured using optical emission spectroscopy. The result shows that the optical spectra of this polyester resin-based glass possess higher transmission in the region at 650 nm to 700 nm and the amount of catalyst that can produce polyester resin glass material by open mold cast technique with higher optical properties at 1% catalyst composition.
Shallow One-Dimensional Shear Wave Velocity Structure in Lhokseumawe, Aceh-Indonesia
Authors: Banyunegoro V. H. , Firdausi R. , Muksin U. , Idris Y.
Published: March 2021

A series of microtremor array measurements, consisted by thirty-one sites, has been designed and conducted in Lhokseumawe. There were three lines of microtremor measurement consisting triangular seismic array for each point to study shear wave velocity model. A Spatial Auto Correlation method was applied in order to reveal the 1D velocity structure beneath the three lines at each measurement point. The analysis successfully revealed one dimensional shear wave velocity model down to 30 meters depth. The results show that the highest shear wave velocity of 639 m/s at depth of 30 m while the lowest value of 45 m/s at depth of 5 m. The results indicate that 12 out of 13 sites have low shear wave velocity with a range between 100 to 200 m/s. Low velocity structures are mainly located in Banda Sakti subdistrict. The areas with low shear wave velocity are associated with less compact sediment material which are mostly located in paddy field and ponds areas.
The Development of High School Physics Textbooks Based on Batak Culture
Authors: Lubis Syarief Saadillah , Sahyar Sahyar , Derlina
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop High School physics Textbook based on Batak Culture with valid, practical and effective categories. This study is Research and Development (R&D) using 4-D models covering the define, design, develop, and stages disseminate. Physics Textbook developed in the form of teacher’s book, student’s books, study test results. Batak Cultural aspects are integrated into the phases of the Cooperative Learning Model. The student discussion activities were conducted with batak cultural interaction pattern, namely Dalihan Natolu as batak socio-cultural system in solving problems raised from batak cultural illustration. Validity criteria were obtained through expert assessment of Textbook, practicality and effectiveness obtained through small group trials and limited class trials. The subjects in the study were students of grade XI MIA I SMA Negeri 1 Kotanopan. The results showed that High School Physics Textbook based on Batak Culture have met valid, practical and effective criteria.
The Effect of Road Network and the Freight Transport Operation to the Development of the Region and Welfare of the Society in Langkat Regency
Authors: Tarigan Harimin , Rahim Matondang A. , Lubis Suwardi , Sirojuzilam
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the road network and the implementation of freight transportation on regional development and the community welfare in Langkat Regency. This type of research is associative and explanatory research whose data are obtained through surveys. The study population was drivers of motor vehicles transporting goods in Langkat Regency. The number of samples is 305 respondents by means of probability sampling and data analysis techniques using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results showed that the road network variables did not significantly influence the community welfare, but the road network had a significant and positive effect on the community welfare through the development of the Langkat Regency. The implementation of freight transportation has a significant and positive effect on the community welfare partially, directly and through the development of the Langkat Regency. Regional development has a significant and positive effect on the community welfare of Langkat Regency.
The Analysis of Natural Science Virtual Laboratory Media
Authors: Adawiyah R , Simorangkir M , Nurfajriani
Published: March 2021

This research was aimed to analyzed the virtual labroratory media which take a part as supporting the natural science learning in Junior High School. The data analyze techniques which used in small research were both descriptive analyze and presentation. Instrument which used were media instrument analysis questionnaire based on BSNP (National Education Standards Board) which consists of material aspect, view aspect, programming aspect, and language aspect. The result of analysis based on BSNP Virtual Laboratory Media in Junior High School showed : material aspect 54,28% (good enough), View aspect 55,55% (good enough), Programming aspect 50% (good enough) and language aspect 60% (good enough )
Detection of the cooking oil aroma by using a gas sensor in an electronic nose system
Authors: Sihombing Yuan Alfinsyah , Alfarandi Ritonga M
Published: March 2021

Cooking oil is a food ingredient that is widely used for frying food. When cooking oil is used over and over again, cooking oil becomes dangerous for consumption. In general, cooking oil that is widely used by the community is simple-packaged cooking oil and bulk cooking oil. The design of a cooking oil aroma detector is conducted to distinguish the aromas of cooking oil that is consumed by the community. This tool is made by using the TGS2611 gas sensor as an electronic nose system. The electronic nose system can detect the aroma of cooking oil through the air. The aroma from the sample room to the sensor room is flowed by using a fan. The aroma stimulus captured by the sensor array is a signal response that increases the electric voltage. The average output voltage of the gas sensor produced is 172.3 mV, 204.8 mV, and 181.4 mV for samples of simple-packaged cooking oil, bulk cooking oil, and used cooking oil, respectively. These results indicate that bulk cooking oil has the highest response. While the simple-packaged cooking oil has the lowest one.
Knowledge, Awareness, and Resilience of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction in Coastal Area
Authors: Retno Susilorini Rr M I , Febrina Rina , Fitra Helmia Adita , Rajagukguk Juniastel , Wardhani Dhiyan Krishna , Arya Wastanimpuna B Y , Nola Prameswari Laurel Lia
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is earthquake and tsunami prone areas, included Sumatera Island. Bandar Lampung is also vulnerable to earthquake and tsunami, especially Kangkung fishing village in Lampung Bay. Disaster risk reduction is very important to be implemented in the cases of earthquake and tsunami, which can save more life and build resilience in facing the hazard. This research aimed to study how the knowledge, awareness, and resilience of people in Kangkung fishing village can strengthen the earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. This research conducted by quantitative methods. Survey and interview of 53 respondents were conducted as well as data collecting approached by purposive sampling. The results found that there is little knowledge and awareness of people in Kangkung fishing village of the hazard of earthquake and tsunami. Therefore, this research proposed a model of “Community-Based Resilience Strategy” Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. It is a comprehensive and sustainable model of how people take a part in disaster risk reduction by intensive participatory. Conclusion of this research emphasized that disaster risk reduction is a big matter in marginalized society such as people in Kangkung fishing village. The “Community-Based Resilience Strategy” Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction that may increase the knowledge and awareness to become more resilience.
Alert and Response of Earthquake and Tsunami for Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction
Authors: Retno Susilorini Rr M I , Pamudji Andre Kurniawan , Sanjaya Ridwan , Ismail Amrizarois , Amasto Ardhito Hayyu
Published: March 2021

Indonesia had been suffered by earthquake and tsunami for many centuries. Since many lives have taken by tsunami strikes, alert and response system are very important as important part of Disaster Risk Reduction, especially in area with high population density. This research conducted in Kangkung fishing village in Bandar Lampung coastal area which is an earthquake and tsunami prone area. The aim of the research is to study alert and response of Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction. The research conducted by qualitative method and purposive-descriptive approach. There were 53 respondents which participated in the survey and interview. It is reported that “Smart Resilient City” model suitable for community needs of alert and response of earthquake and tsunami disaster. This research meets conclusion that “Smart Resilient City” model may become a great solution in Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction to cope with the hazard of earthquake and tsunami comprehensively and sustainably.
Modeling of Spin-Polarized Currents in Zinc Blende-based Magnetic Tunnel Junctions Featuring the Dresselhaus Effect
Authors: Noor F A , Mardianti H , Khairurrijal
Published: March 2021

In this study, the spin-polarized currents in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) with a Fe/GaAs/Fe structure were calculated by considering the Dresselhaus effect. The spin-polarized current was calculated using the Airy wavefunction approach and then compared to the transfer matrix method (TMM) to check the accuracy. It was shown that the total spin-polarized current density evaluated via the Airy-wavefunction approach matches that obtained with the TMM. It was also shown that the current density increases as the barrier width decreases. In addition, the temperature and the incident angle of the electrons affect the current density, where the maximum current density is obtained when the electrons come in a direction perpendicular to the barrier. We herein determined analytically that a high device performance of the MTJ could be achieved by simply controlling the device parameters of barrier width, temperature and incident angle of the electron.
Development of Exercise Program Application
Authors: Ibrahim  , Mesnan  , Manik Syahputra
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research is to create a sports training program application so that it can make it easier for sports coaches to create a structured and systematic exercise program. In addition, this application is also a student media to improve skills in making and planning sports training programs, so that FIK UNIMED graduates can compete in the world of coaching, especially in North Sumatra. The research method used is research and development (R & D) with a development research design proposed by; Borg and Gall. The instruments used in this research and development is form review the experts (expert judgment). The resulting application in this study is named “SIPRENPOL”. This application can be accessed through the page http://siprenpol.ilmukeolahragaan.com. Validation from material experts shows the results of the assessment of 81% and 87% which means that the application development is feasible. Validation from material experts showed the results of the assessment were 77% and 83%, which means it is feasible. The results of the research on the development of exercise program application is feasible to be used as a means to make it easier for trainers to create and compile training programs.
Bandgap control in ZnO with Na and Cl adatom: DFT Calculations
Authors: Pamungkas Mauludi Ariesto , Irwansyah  , Putra Setiawan Ade , Abdurrouf  , Nurhuda Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The Zinc oxide is well known as a direct wide bandgap semiconductor material with many promising properties for blue/UV optoelectronics, transparent electronics, spintronic devices and sensor applications. Controllable bandgap tuning is important to widen its possible applications. In the present work, we applied density functional theory to study bandgap tuning of ZnO by introducing Na atom and Cl atom. Sodium acts as p-type doping, while chlorine acts as n-type doping for ZnO. The effect of Na and Cl doping in the study was calculated using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. The results indicate that ZnO, which is a natural n type semiconductor when doped with p type, has an increase in bandgap, on the contrary, doping with n type decreased its bandgap
Renewable and environmentally friendly of “red shoots” leaves biomass-based carbon electrode materials for supercapacitor energy storage
Authors: Taer Erman , Susanti Aprilia , Taslim Rika , Apriwandi
Published: March 2021

Porous activated carbon monolith derived from renewable and environmentally friendly biomass of “red shoots” leaves (Syzygium oleana) was prepared for electrode material of supercapacitors. The raw materials were converted into biochar by using ZnCl2 impregnated and one-stage integrated pyrolysis. The samples were chemically activated using the 1 M ZnCl2, which was then converted into monolith/pellet by using a hydraulic press. The carbon monolith were then one-stage integrated pyrolysis both carbonization and physical activation. This study is focused in different carbonization temperature including 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C. The reduction of density in the activated carbon monoliths have been reviewed as physical properties. In addition, the XRD and FTIR characterization also reviewed. Based on this, the activated carbon monolith from “red shoots” leaves biomass for supercapacitors deliver a high specific capacitance of 138.5 F g−1 in 1 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte at low scanning rate of 1 mVs−1. This results demonstrate the successfully conversion “red shoots” leaves (Syzygium oleana) biomass into renewable and environmentally friendly electrode supercapacitor energy storage.
Strong rainbow connection numbers of helm graphs and amalgamation of lollipop graphs
Authors: Fauziah G R , Purwanto  , Rahmadani D
Published: March 2021

An edge coloring of a graph is called rainbow coloring if any pair of vertices are connected by a path with different colors of edges. Let G be a simple connected graph. A rainbow u — v geodesic in G is a path between two vertices u and v in G of length d(u,v), where d(u,v) is the distance of those vertices, and all of its edges are colored by different colors. If G contains a rainbow u — v geodesic for every pair of distinct vertices u and v in this graph, then G is called strongly rainbow connected graph. The strong rainbow connection number of G, denoted by src(G), is the least number of colors needed to make Gstrongly rainbow connected graph. In this paper, we prove that helm graphs and amalgamation of lollipop graphs are strongly rainbow connected graphs.
On the locating chromatic number of some Buckminsterfullerene-type graphs
Authors: Putri Y S , Yulianti L , Yanita
Published: March 2021

Let G = (V, E) be a nontrivial graph and k be a positive integer. Let c : V(G) → {1,2,3,…,k} be a vertex coloring of G such that if uv ∈ E(G) then c(u) ≠ c(v). For 1 ≤ i ≤ k, let Si be the ith set of vertices given color i and define Π = {S1
,S2
,…,Sk
}. The color code of a vertex v ∈ V (G), denoted by cπ(v), is defined as the ordered k-tuple cπ(v) = (d(v, S1
), d(v, S2), … , d(v, S
k)), where d(v, Si) = min{d(v, x) | x ∈ Si} for 1 ≤ i ≤ k. If every two vertices u and v in G have different color codes, then c is defined as the locating k-coloring of G. The minimum number of color used in the locating k-coloring of G is defined as the locating chromatic number of G, denoted by XL(G). This paper determined the locating chromatic number of some Buckminsterfullerene-type graph and some (4, 6)-fullerene graphs.
Local antimagic vertex total coloring on fan graph and graph resulting from comb product operation
Authors: Amalia R , Masruroh
Published: March 2021

Let G = (V,E) be a connected graph with |V|=n and |E|=m. A bijection f: V(G) U E(G) → {1,2,3, …,n + m} is called local antimagic vertex total coloring if for any two adjacent vertices u and v, wt(u)≠ wt(v), where wt(u) = ∑e∈E(u)
f(e) + f(u), and E (u) is a set of edges incident to u. Thus any local antimagic vertex total labeling induces a proper vertex coloring of G where the vertex v is assigned the color wt (v). The local antimagic vertex total chromatic number χ1να
t(G) is the minimum number of colors taken over all colorings induced by local antimagic vertex total. In this paper we investigate local antimagic vertex total coloring on fan graph (Fn) and graph resulting from comb product operation of Fn
and F3
which denoted by Fnt> F3. We get two theorems related to the local antimagic vertex total chromatic number. First, χ1να
t(Fn) = 3 where n> 3. Second, 3 < χ1ναt(Fn > F3) < 5 where n > 3.
On the sigma value and sigma range of the join of a finite number of even cycles of the same order
Authors: Bulay-og M C A , Garciano A D , Marcelo R M
Published: March 2021

Let c : V(G) → N be a vertex coloring of a simple, connected graph G. For a vertex v of G, the color sum of v, denoted by σ(ν), is the sum of the colors of the neighbors of v. If σ(ω) = σ(ν) for any two adjacent vertices u and v of G, then c is called a sigma coloring of G. The sigma chromatic number of G, denoted by σ(G), is the minimum number of colors required in a sigma coloring of G. Let max(c) be the largest color assigned to a vertex of G by a coloring c. The sigma value of G, denoted by v(G), is the minimum value of max(c) over all sigma k—colorings c of G for which ρ(G) = k. On the other hand, the sigma range of G, denoted by ρ(G), is the minimum value of max(c) over all sigma colorings c of G. In this paper, we determine the sigma value and the sigma range of the join of a finite number of even cycles of the same order. In particular, if n > 4 and n is even, then we will show that ρ(kCn
) = v(kCn) = 2 if and only if (i)

k
≤

[

n
6

]

+
1

, whenever n = 0 (mod 4), and (ii)

k
≤

[

n
−
2

6

]

+
1

, whenever n = 2 (mod 4).
A tutorial of boomerang attack on SMALLPRESENT-[4]
Authors: Hutahaean I W , Lestari A A , Susanti B H
Published: March 2021

In 2010, Leander proposed a new version of the block cipher PRESENT with smaller block size, namely SMALLPRESENT-[n]. This algorithm is designed to deepen understanding of how the running time of the algorithm and the vulnerability of attack during the round increase with the number of rounds and s-boxes not determined on the algorithm. The boomerang attack is a variation of the differential attack introduced by Wagner in 1999. This attack uses two differential characteristics that are mutually independent in short rounds with high probability. This paper intends to present a lucid explanation of the boomerang attack. We illustrate the practical application of the boomerang attacks on two rounds of the SMALLPRESENT-[4], that includes the steps to find differential characteristic until key recovery, and explain the concept of attack for novice cryptanalysis. Based on experiments conducted, we found a boomerang differential characteristic on two rounds of SMALLPRESENT-[4] with a probability 2-10 and 4-bit subkey in the first round of the algorithm.
The relationship between internet growth and implementation of the internet of things
Authors: Sardjono W , Selviyanti E , Hobri  , Azizah R
Published: March 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) is actually not new in the world of information technology. Indonesia became the second largest country in terms of IoT implementation in Southeast Asia, Indonesia only lost to Thailand. The implementation of IoT has been carried out by several local companies such as Blue Bird, Pertamina Patra Niaga and Gojek. The IoT application has also been developed by several children of the nation such as Spekun and Qlue who are currently in the stage of business development. In the implementation of IoT several things become important to pay special attention to, including security systems, platforms, operating systems, communication standards and data analytics. Seeing the rapid development of IoT around the world, the Indonesian government is expected to be able to drive the development of IoT in Indonesia by assisting the development of information technology infrastructure and standardization in the implementation of IoT. In addition, the government is expected to be able to encourage the development of human resources that have capabilities not only as workers’ resources but also as creators of new technologies for the development of IoT. In the end, cooperation between the government, the private sector and the support of the Indonesian people is expected to make Indonesia have competitive advantages in the development of IoT, so that it can attract investors to enter Indonesia.
Optimizing Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) parameters using Cuckoo Search (Case study of world crude oil price estimation)
Authors: Anshori M Y , Rahmalia D , Herlambang T , Karya D F
Published: March 2021

There are some methods that have found for estimating data and one of them is Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). In estimation using ANFIS, there are some initial parameters such as premise parameters (nonlinear) and consequent parameters (linear) which should be fixed to be trained forward and backward by gradient descent. In this research with case study of world crude oil price estimation, initial ANFIS parameters will be optimized by Cuckoo Search method. Cuckoo Search uses reproduction strategy i.e. laying their eggs in the other bird’s nest. When the eggs are hatched, their chicks are fed by other birds. In Cuckoo Search method, initial ANFIS parameters is represented as bird nest position. Based on simulation, Cuckoo Search method can optimize initial ANFIS parameters giving the best estimation both of training data and testing data in world crude oil price estimation.