bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING UNDERSTANDING OF GENETIC SUBSTANCES THROUGH GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING METHODS
Authors: Zunaidah Evi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes on genetic substances by applying the Guided Discovery Learning Method. The subjects of this study were students of class XII MIPA 1 who collected 40 students. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of two cycles, and each process includes the planning, implementation, and reflection stages. The data collection techniques are test techniques, observations, and field notes. The data analysis technique used is reflective, meaning that it is always reflected in the learning process. The research result is that the Guided Discovery learning method can improve student learning outcomes in understanding genetic material.
Auxins seem promising as a tuning method for balancing sugars with acidity in grape musts from cv. Tempranillo, but not defoliation or application of magnesium to leaves
Authors: Olego Miguel Ángel , Quiroga Miguel Javier , Cuesta Lasso Mateo D. , Visconti Reluy Fernando , Garzón-Jimeno Enrique
Published: May 2023

Global warming boosted by climate change affects grape quality, with increasing total soluble solids (TSS) content and decreasing total acidity (TA). However, current wine preferences increasingly include moderate alcohol content, higher acidity and the preservation of primary aromas reminiscent of grapes. Therefore, we hypothesised that applying phytohormones or mineral nutrients to leaves or carrying out defoliation can improve grape must properties in the face of climate warming and in accordance with current oenological trends. The effects of these three viticultural strategies were assessed independently from one another during three growing seasons in a Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo vineyard in northern Spain. Specifically, three 1-naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) treatments, two early defoliations (ED; moderate and severe) and two foliar fertilisations with magnesium (Mg) were applied. Treatment with NAA was the most encouraging strategy for decreasing must TSS while increasing TA: it had slight effects on TSS in general and also slight effects on TA when applied close to veraison. The effects of the Mg treatments and moderate ED had null to slightly adverse effects. Finally, severe ED was clearly counter-productive. This study contributes to understanding the effects of both auxin and early defoliation treatments on grape must TSS, acidity and even yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) at harvest time. The favourable effects of NAA application are shown to be consistent though slight. Therefore, according to these results, the application of auxins may be an adequate choice for balancing sugars with acidity in grape musts. However, the results also suggest that more research needs to be undertaken to better characterise the effects of auxin treatments on grape must properties at harvest. In particular, different types of auxins, rates, concentrations and number of applications should be tested in the quest for more marked effects.
Prema interpretativnom pristupu političkoj kulturi:
Authors: Vučković Juroš Tanja
Published: May 2023

Ovaj rad koristi interpretativni pristup političkoj kulturi kako bi razmotrio ‎pitanje utjelovljenosti demokratskih načela i praksi u institucijama, pogotovo ‎u onima koje ne spadaju izričito u područje političkog procesa te koje stoga‎ mogu lakše sakriti manjkavosti demokratskog sustava koje se ne mogu lako‎ mjeriti na osnovi formalnih mjera demokratizacije. Tom istraživačkom problem u‎rad pristupa analizom institucionalnog okvira nastave povijesti u Hrvatskoj‎u 1990-ima i 2000-tima te prikazom kontroverzne teme socijalističke ‎Jugoslavije u udžbenicima povijesti kao kritičnog slučaja. Analizom su obuhvaćena‎34 udžbenika povijesti 20. stoljeća koja su objavljena između 1991.‎i 2007. godine za korištenje u osnovnim školama, srednjim strukovnim školama‎i gimnazijama. Nalazi ove analize razmatraju se kao indikatori razvoja‎ demokratske političke kulture. Zaključci ukazuju, na temelju toga kritičnog‎ slučaja, da je Hrvatska, unatoč napretku u vezi s mjerama formalne demokratizacije‎2000-tih, ipak pala na testu institucionalno utjelovljenih demokratskih ‎pretpostavki i normi.‎
Independent fledglings of Forty-spotted Pardalotes Pardalotus quadragintus stay in their natal territory: Implications for translocations
Authors:   School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia, Hingston Andrew
Published: May 2023

The Endangered Forty-spotted Pardalote Pardalotus quadragintus is restricted to a small proportion of its former range, with the vast majority of birds occurring on two small Tasmanian islands. As such, the species is threatened by landscape-scale fires that could severely impact these populations. This has led to interest in reintroducing the species to parts of its former range that are now beyond its natural dispersal capabilities. One potential way of doing this is to transfer fledglings from their natal territories to unoccupied habitat. However, it is not known when fledglings are able to survive without their parents. This study found that fledglings first appeared independent of their parents for food 11 days after leaving the nest, and remained within the natal territory for several weeks thereafter. This finding could help guide options for future translocation planning.
New Method of Vaccination Against Anthrax
Authors: Shevtsov A. N. , Permyakov S. A. , Khapaev N. G. , Ziganshin R. Sh.
Published: May 2023

The aim of this work was to develop an oral method of vaccination against anthrax, since wide vaccination campaigns using this method require no special conditions, equipment, and instruments. Also, minimum number of medical personnel is sufficient to ensure control over the intake of the drug. Materials and methods. Domestic raw materials, consumables and reagents that passed the incoming inspection and met the requirements of State and industry standards, technical specifications, and the articles of the Pharmacopoeia were used for the work. Batches of anthrax vaccines based on Bacillus anthracis strain STI-1, manufactured at the Research Center (Kirov) of the “48th Central Research Institute” of the Ministry of Defense of Russia were put to the test. Results and discussion. The immunization schemes have been tested on animals, taking into account the features of the antigen. One of the crucial factors that determine the effectiveness of oral vaccination is the correct choice of the type and form of the oral anthrax vaccine administered enterally. It has been shown that in contrast to oral vaccines, the vaccine strain in enteral vaccines must be protected from the harmful effects of stomach contents. Thus, enteric-coated capsules coated with a shell that is resistant to the action of stomach acid were used for the study. The presented experimental data indicate that a single administration of the capsules with oral anthrax vaccine STI protects at least 70 % of laboratory animals from a highly virulent strain of the anthrax microbe and confirm the safety and non-reactogenicity of the drug. The developed laboratory technology makes it possible to obtain a finished product containing one inoculation dose of an oral vaccine for laboratory animals. So, a new method of vaccination has been designed. It is necessary to conduct preclinical and clinical trials to promptly introduce the oral administration of anthrax vaccine into medical practice as the simplest method for mass vaccination of humans.
Rancang bangun sistem monitoring dan kontrol pH air untuk budidaya ikan lele
Authors: Rahayuningtyas Ari , Sagita Diang , Susanti Novita Dwi
Published: May 2023

One of the water quality parameters that are important to consider in fish farming is pH. Unstable pH conditions can cause a decrease in water quality and cause fish to harvest less than optimal yields. Under certain conditions, there is an extreme change in the pH value, so it needs to be normalized again. This study aims to design a monitoring and control system of pH for catfish farming. The control system consisted of an SKU SEN0161 type pH sensor, equipped with two pumps to automatically flow alkaline and acidic pH solutions. The design method used was the prototyping method, i.e. Listen to Customer (Design criteria collection), Design and Build Prototype, and Test Drive and Evaluation. Based on the static characteristic test on the pH sensor, it was found that the pH sensor reading error was 0.11 with a deviation of 0.03. A small error value indicates that the sensor has high accuracy and a little deviation value indicates that the sensor has a high level of precision. For the repeatability test with an interval measurement of 5 minutes, the sensor measurement had a deviation of 0.01. The performance test of the pH control system showed that the system had been able to control the pH according to the set point (6 and 7.5), both under acidic conditions (pH 5.4) and under alkaline conditions (pH 8). The system had also been able to store and display data on Android devices in real-time (24 hours non-stop) via an internet connection, making it easier to monitor by users. It was also found that catfish can grow well at pH 6.5-8.
The Effect of Shipbuilding Material Type on Biofouling Growth at Boom Marina, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sakinah Wazirotus , Kusnadi Ramli Firdaus , Prasetiaji Dwi Bagus , Aji Pandu Prasetya , Widityo R. Puranggo Ganjar , Kristianta Franciscus Xaverius
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe presence of biofouling has an impact on the ship’s performance, which is reduced to require more fuel, in the end, it contributes significantly to cost increases. Biofilms provide a suitable substrate for the growth of microorganisms. Ship hull as a substrate for biofilms has many kinds of material. Steel, wood, laminated bamboo, and fiber are often used for ship hulls. Different material makes different characteristics of substrate for biofilms. The aim of this research is to determine the growth rate of biofouling in each shipbuilding material and to find out which vessel material is suitable for use in the Bali Strait. The experiment was located in Boom Marina, Banyuwangi. The materials used in this research are wood, laminated bamboo, and fiber. The daily growth rate (DGR) is calculated every week of observation. Wood had the most biofouling with a DGR of 2,646 g/day. Laminated bamboo had the least biofouling in this research after 2 months of immersion with a DGR of 0,086 g/day. Keywords: Biofouling, shipbuilding material, daily growth rate.
SWOT Analysis And Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) To Determine A Sustainable Development Strategy In Indonesia's National Defense Industry
Authors: Mashudi Ali , Moeljadi Moeljadi , S. Herman , Wanto Alfi Haris
Published: May 2023

Improving national defense can be done by strengthening the national defense industry. A strong defense industry will produce modern and sophisticated military equipment according to user needs. The large number of military equipment imported from abroad requires efforts to increase the domestic defense industry to meet the needs of military equipment to increase defense capabilities. The purpose of this study is to analyze strategies and programs for the development of the defense industry and to analyze several factors that play a role in the development of the national defense industry. The collection technique in this research is through Focus Group Discussion, the results of which are input for SWOT and AHP analysis. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the defense industry has a strong category of competitiveness, and has a high opportunity to be developed because it has its own market. The three main factors for the sustainability of the defense industry are: the capability of the defense industry, the quality of its human resources, and the accuracy of delivery.
Jaran Mbako
Authors: Wiswalendya Laras , Pamardi Silvester
Published: May 2023

Jaran Mbako is on a journey, a form of survival and enthusiasm to maintain tobacco farming amid the problems experienced by tobacco farmers in Temanggung. rising tobacco prices, restrictions on supply in factories, uncertain seasons, fraudulent collectors, and anti-smoking advertisements that continue to be broadcast everywhere. The problems that arose made them more aggressive in fighting and maintaining tobacco farming. Because with tobacco, they can live. Tobacco is their breath. This study aims to determine the importance of tobacco farming among the people of Temanggung. The method used is the creation method with the principles of re-visiting, re-questioning, and re-interpreting with data collection techniques using an ethnographic approach. The results of this study are dance films based on motion, which are strengthened by editing and camera and audio details. Jaran movement as an inspiration and a symbol of strength and life Horses will live under any circumstances, just like tobacco farmers will live under any circumstances
Regulation And Institutional Arrangement Of Village-Owned Enterprises After The Work Creation Era Applied
Authors: Gobel Rahmat Teguh Santoso , Muhtar Mohamad Hidayat , Putri Viorizza Suciani
Published: May 2023

The management of BUMDesa is not yet optimal because many BUMDesa administrators still need to understand BUMDesa regulations and institutions. Seeing these problems, there needs to be capacity building preceded by legal reasons as a guideline for regulating BUMDesa management signs. Increasing the capacity of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa) as an organ driving the village economy can be carried out through the Job Creation Era, which has become a momentum for structuring BUMDesa regulations and institutions. The era of work creation referred to is the birth of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation which is now declared invalid with the presence of Government Regulation  (Perpu) Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation. This study uses normative legal research methods(normative legal research). The author uses this legal research because the focus is on studying literature and laws and regulations related to the object of research. The results of the research show that the Job Creation Perpu needs to be pushed into law so that it can become a legal umbrella for the establishment and management of BUMDesa institutions because, in fact, the spirit that is carried out in the Job Creation Era, namely improving the investment ecosystem and business activities, one of them through the institutional arrangement of BUM Desa.
Juridical Analysis of the Implementation of Islamic Criminal Law in Aceh from the Perspective of Legal Hermeneutics
Authors: Suryani Irma
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the concept of the application of Islamic criminal law in Aceh and to analyze it using the perspective of legal hermeneutics. The research method used is a normative legal research method with statutory approaches (Statute Approach) and case approaches (Case Approach). The study shows that enforcing Islamic criminal law in Aceh is in the context of maintaining the five basic human needs, namely the maintenance of religion, soul, mind, lineage, and property. These five basic needs are necessary for humans. This is determined nothing but to maintain the existence of the five basic human needs, or in other words, the punishments are prescribed solely for the benefit of humans. The current implementation of Islamic law in Aceh is still within the corridor of the trilogy of religious harmony, namely inter-religious harmony, internal religious harmony, and inter-religious harmony with the Government. So if viewed through a hermeneutic lens, Islamic criminal law is basically to achieve harmonious and ideal societal conditions. In implementing Islamic criminal law, the role of all parties is needed, one of which plays an important role is the role of the family. The role is the primary milestone for providing education about Islamic law so as not to become a person who violates Islamic law.
The Effect Of Smart Tourism Technologies, Memorable Tourism Experiences, And Tourist Satisfactions On Traveller Loyalty (Study On Traveller Users Of The Tiket.Com App)
Authors: Safitri Liza Ria , Abdurrahman Agus
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out whether smart tourism technologies have an influence on tourist loyalty, to find out whether memorable tourism experiences have an influence on tourist loyalty, to find out whether tourist stratification has an influence on tourist loyalty, and to find out whether smart tourism technologies, memorable tourism experiences, and tourist stratification together affect loyalty  tourist. The methods used in this study are descriptive types of research and quantitative approaches. The data collection technique is to distribute questionnaires to 100 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results obtained in this study are that there is a positive and significant influence between Smart Tourism Technologies on Tourist Loyalty of Tiket.Com App Users. There is a positive and significant impact between the Memorable Tourism Experience and the Traveller Loyalty of Tiket.Com App Users. There is a positive and significant impact between Tourist Satisfactions and Traveller Loyalty of Tiket.Com App Users. And simultaneously there is a positive and significant influence between smart tourism technologies (X1), memorable tourism experience (X2), and tourist satisfactions (X3) on the Loyalty of Tiket.Com App User Travellers. The level of relationship between the variables of smart tourism technologies (X1), memorable tourism experience (X2), and tourist satisfactions (X3) with the variable of tourist loyalty (Y) has a fairly strong level of relationship.
Extraction of Δ4 steroids from tooth dentin for LC-MS/MS
Authors: Cherney Michael , Auchus Richard
Published: May 2023

Tooth dentin provides a currently underutilized resource for investigating long-term steroid concentrations, and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provides a precise and reliable technique for measuring them. This protocol details a procedure developed for extracting Δ4 steroids from dentin, but it may be used for other solid media as well. Methanol is used to dissolve steroids from powdered dentin samples. After evaporation and reconstitution, supported liquid extraction is used to isolate dissolved Δ4 steroids for LC-MS/MS analysis. This protocol enables efficient, controlled processing of many samples, and uses readily available materials and supplies. A batch of samples can be processed in about 7 hours. This method requires access to LC-MS/MS and other lab equipment.
Impact of disturbance index on spring ecosystem and its policy implementation
Authors: Barman Prabir , Ghosh Jayanta , Deb Sourabh
Published: May 2023

Spring water acts as sources of fresh water for the people Northeastern states. With increasing human population and intensity of human interventions at the vicinity of the springs, both the quality and quantity of springs has been affected. The water quality, socioeconomic and disturbance status of three springsviz. Longtharai spring, Binoy Kumar spring and Larai Kappa spring of Tripura, Northeast India were investigated. The Water Quality Index value ranged from 28.9 to 54.6 and Human Disturbance Index varied from 32.75 to 44.30. The recorded temperature range was 29.7–30.7°C and turbidity value was above the standard value for Larai Kappa spring only i.e., 7.51 NTU. The poor water quality in Larai kappa spring might be due to higher disturbance index and also influence by the location of the spring, population and the sum of activities surrounding the springs. The result clearly shows the impact of human activities on spring ecosystem and suggested strategies and policy intervention for sustainable spring management.
Ecofeminism or Techno-centrism? Analysing the Gender-Environment concoction in the Anthropocene: A Study of OECD countries
Authors: Wani Inayat Ullah , Khanday Ishfaq Nazir , Haseen Shaukat
Published: May 2023

Women’s participation and technological innovation have a crucial role in ensuring ecological stability and environmental sustainability in the long-run. However, their relationship with environmental sustainability is an ongoing debate with diverse opinions across the continuum. The present study focuses on the empirical relevance of this debate based on the theoretical underpinnings of ecofeminism and techno-centrism, using panel data on 37 OECD countries for the period 1990–2019. The paper employs the Pedroni test to check for cointegration among the variables, Pooled Mean Group (PMG) to estimate the model, and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin test to investigate the pairwise causality among the variables. The study constructs two models, based on ecofeminism and techno-centrism and finds that both gender employment equality and R&D expenditure, which represent the ecofeminist and techno-centric arguments respectively, have a negative and significant impact on environmental degradation measured by the ecological footprint. This suggests that equality of women in the labour markets and technological innovation through R&D expenditure are both potential tools for ensuring environmental sustainability. The empirical estimation also confirms the existence of an N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve between economic growth and environmental degradation in the case of selected OECD countries in both ecofeminist and techno-centric models.
The 2023 Mw7.8 Kahramanmaraş, Turkey Earthquake: A Multi-segment Rupture in A Millennium Supercycle
Authors: Meng Lingsen , Xu Liuwei , Mohanna Saeed , Ji Chen , Ampuero Jean-Paul , Yunjun Zhang , Hasnain Masooma , Chu Risheng
Published: May 2023

An Mw 7.8 earthquake occurred on the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and the secondary Narlı Fault (NF) on Feb 6, 2023, closely followed by an Mw 7.5 event on the Sürgü Fault 9 hours later. We analyze the distant and local seismic data, high-rate GPS recordings, and radar satellite images by Slowness Enhanced Back-Projection and joint Finite Fault Inversion for the Mw 7.8 event to resolve its rupture process. The rupture first initiates and propagates on the NF. After reaching the junction with the EAF, it propagates bilaterally on the EAF, extending 120 km to the northeast at 3.05 km/s and 200 km to the southwest at 3.11 km/s. The southwest speed is further verified by local seismic recordings and the absence of Mach surface wave characteristics. Compared with the EAF, the NF features denser seismic activity in recent decades, suggesting that it was more favorable for rupture nucleation. The EAF segments where the largest coseismic slip occurred have been relatively quiescent since the late 1800s. But the coseismic slip is much larger than the slip deficit accumulated during this period, which could be attributed to an ~900-year supercycle. The EAF geometry is similar to other active fault systems, such as the San Andreas Fault (SAF) and San Jacinto Fault (SJF). Considering high slip rates, resemblant supercycle mode, and the lack of large earthquakes on the southern SAF and SJF since 1857, an M8 earthquake could potentially occur there if most moment accumulation is released at once.
Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 along the Evolution of Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Yuan , You Chong , Gai Xin , Zhang Hao , Lydeamore Michael , Yin Peng , Qi Jinlei , Zhou Maigeng , Liu Jianhua , Zhou Xiao-Hua
Published: May 2023

Over the past three years, we have gained some understanding of the transmission mechanisms of COVID-19. One of the key findings that experts have agreed on is that household transmission is an important pathway for the pandemic. However, most studies on the transmission patterns of COVID-19 focus on the community transmission only, while the equally important study on household transmission has lagged behind. We developed a stochastic dynamic model motivated by the cluster growth algorithm in Erdös–Rényi Random Graph to differentiate the COVID-19 transmission within households from that in the community by noting only a small fraction of the total susceptible population, replenished dynamically by the community transmission events, are indeed vulnerable to household transmission. Thus the model allowed us to the role and characteristics of household transmission within the full framework of virus transmission, beyond the intrinsic characteristics of household transmission. It was then applied to a comprehensive individual-level pandemic dataset collected in Yichang, China. Our findings showed that household transmission accounted for 25.1% and 38.5% of total infections before and during the lockdown, respectively, and that 80.9% of infections were unavoidable. Our model suggests that household-level contact tracing could have reduced the number of infections by over 50% and advanced the clearance date of active infection by 72 days. This model can be used to fit COVID-19 data outside Yichang or other infectious diseases, though modifications might be needed.
Microfluidic Devices for Precise Measurements of Cell Directionality Reveal a Role for Glutamine during Cell Migration
Authors: Gural Nil , Irimia Daniel
Published: May 2023

Cancer cells that migrate from tumors into surrounding tissues are responsible for cancer dissemination through the body. Microfluidic devices have been instrumental in discovering unexpected features of cancer cell migration, including the migration in self-generated gradients and the contributions of cell-cell contact during collective migration. Here, we design microfluidic channels with five successive bifurcations to characterize the directionality of cancer cell migration with high precision. We find that the directional decisions of cancer cells moving through bifurcating channels in response to self-generated epidermal growth factor (EGF) gradients require the presence of glutamine in the culture media. A biophysical model helps quantify the contribution of glucose and glutamine to cancer cell orientation during migration in self-generated gradients. Our study uncovers an unexpected interplay between cancer cell metabolism and cancer cell migration studies and may eventually lead to new ways to delay cancer cell invasion.
The influence of gender and age in driving ability: an analysis of average and extreme behaviours.
Authors: Baione Fabio , Biancalana Davide , Menzietti Massimiliano
Published: May 2023

In 2012 the European Court of Justice introduced the ban on differentiating car
insurance premiums for gender to avoid gender inequality. This paper deals with a
gender analysis of driving ability by investigating the relationship between gender
and the relative total claim amount in Motor Third Party Liability insurance, also
considering the effect of age. Leveraging on a two-part model based on parametric
quantile regression, we want to investigate the average behaviour of drivers and
the tail behaviour in order to highlight the importance of dispersion and largest
claims. As a consequence, the purpose of our contribution is to study how gender
and age can influence the entire probability distribution of the insurance claim
with a particular focus on the quantiles with high probability levels, which are
very important indicators to determine the effective riskiness of an insured. We
apply our model to an Australian insurance dataset; our results suggest that man
are in general riskier in terms of both average and extreme behaviour.
Australian, Irish, and Swedish women’s comfort levels when breastfeeding in public
Authors: Gallagher Louise , Brady Vivienne , Kuliukas Lesley , Dykes Charlotta , Rubertsson Christine , Hauck Yvonne
Published: May 2023

Background Despite a flux of global initiatives to increase breastfeeding, disparate rates persist. The decision to commence and sustain breastfeeding is influenced by a myriad of variables, not least by the prospect of breastfeeding in public. Feelings of social embarrassment, shame, fear of judgement, and lack of confidence when breastfeeding in public, compound women’s decisions to breastfeed, and may result in formula feeding or early cessation of breastfeeding. A greater understanding of where and how women feel most comfortable when breastfeeding in public may assist in designing interventions to support the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding.Methods A cross-sectional survey was undertaken with women living in Ireland, Australia, or Sweden who were currently breastfeeding or who had breastfed within the previous two years. Our objective was to explore where, and how often women breastfeed in public and to compare women’s levels of comfort when breastfeeding in public. Data were collected in 2018 using an anonymous online survey over a four-week period in Ireland, Australia, or Sweden and were analysed using SPSS Version 25.Results Most respondents were well educated and the largest groups of respondents in each country were first time mothers. Seeing women breastfeed in public did vary and was more common in Sweden and Australia compared to Ireland. Most women in the participating countries breastfed in public whenever their baby needed feeding and very few women never or rarely breastfed in public. In terms of location, coffee shops/cafes, restaurants and parks were most popular. In all three countries, partners reported as supportive of breastfeeding in public and this added to breastfeeding women’s comfort levels. Comfort levels were very consistent across the three countries with women reporting higher levels of comfort when feeding with strangers than with those known to them.Conclusion This research offers important insights into the experiences and comfort levels of women breastfeeding in public. Limitations include the anonymous nature of the surveys, thus preventing follow-up, in addition to the variances in terminology used to describe locations across the three settings. Recommendations are made for research to determine the relationships between the frequency of breastfeeding in public and breastfeeding women’s perceived comfort levels, the influence of family members’ perceptions of breast feeding in public and women’s experiences, and the experience of women who feel uncomfortable while breastfeeding in public with a view to developing support measures.
Dose-response associations of maternal prenatal noise exposure duration with antepartum depression status
Authors: Hu Jiajin , Liu Borui , Liu Yilin , Wan Ningyu , Li Lin , Zheng Lu , Wang Xiaochuan , Yang Zhe , Ma Yanan , Liu Caixia , Qiao Chong , Wen Deliang
Published: May 2023

Background Antepartum depression has been reported to be associated with the intensity of maternal prenatal noise exposure; however, the association between noise exposure duration and the development of antepartum depression has not been established. This study aimed to determine the total and trimester-specific association of prenatal noise exposure duration with the development of antepartum depression.Methods In a prospective pre-birth cohort study, we repeatedly assessed pregnant women’s noise exposure and antepartum depression status during each of the three trimesters. We calculated a cumulative noise exposure score ranging from 0 to 3, with a higher score reflecting higher frequency and longer duration of noise exposure during pregnancy.Results Women who were exposed to noise for ≥ 15 minutes per day had an increased risk of antepartum depression compared with women who were not exposed to noise during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.03, 95%CI:1.35, 3.05]. Noise exposure in a specific trimester was associated with higher risk of depression in the same trimester and subsequent trimesters. We observed positive monotonic increases in antepartum depression risk with increasing cumulative noise exposure scores (P for trend < 0.001 for all). Pregnant women with the highest scores had the highest risk of antepartum depression during the first (OR = 1.38, 95%CI:1.10, 1.72), second (OR = 1.66, 95%CI:1.20, 2.30) and third trimesters (OR = 1.89, 95%CI:1.27, 2.81), as well as during the whole pregnancy (OR = 2.12, 95%CI:1.37, 3.28).Conclusions Maternal prenatal noise exposure duration was positively associated with antepartum depression risk in a dose-response manner. It is necessary to develop strategies by which pregnant women can avoid excessive exposure to noise to prevent antepartum depression.
Reproductive potentials of task-shifting workers in a queenless ant
Authors: Tanaka Yasunari , Oguchi Kohei , Miyazaki Satoshi , Maekawa Kiyoto , Shimoji Hiroyuki
Published: May 2023

Eusocial insects, such as ants and honeybees, are characterized by the sophisticated division of labor among workers. In addition to age polyethism, under fluctuating environmental conditions, division of labor is maintained by task shifting of workers from one task to another if there are insufficient workers performing a certain task. Although several studies show that workers can perform task-shifting in many hymenopteran species, the physiological state of task-shifted workers is largely unknown without a few species. In this study, we examined the relationship between the ovarian development of workers and their task shifting using the queenless ant Diacamma cf. indicum from Japan. Our results showed that most of the nurses maintained their reproductive potential—as evidenced by their well-developed ovaries—even when they had shifted to the foraging task. In contrast, the foragers—whether they had shifted to the nursing task or not—had regressed ovaries. Combined with our previous study, the reproductive potential of workers mediates different effect of task experience on task shifting between nurses and foragers. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of physiological heterogeneity underlying self-organized systems in insect societies.
A nomogram predicting pneumonia after cardiovascular surgery: A retrospective modeling study
Authors: Wang Kuo , Zhang Hai-Tao , Chen Wei , Fan Fu-Dong , Pan Jun , Zhou Qing , Pan Tuo , Wang Dong-Jin
Published: May 2023

Background:
Postoperative pneumonia (PoP) is the most prevalent of all nosocomial infections in patients underwent cardiovascular surgery. The aim of this study was to identify independent risk factors for pneumonia after cardiovascular surgery, from which we attempted to construct a nomogram for prediction.
Methods:
Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for PoP in patients underwent cardiovascular surgery. We constructed a nomogram based on these independent risk factors. Model discrimination was assessed via area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration was assessed via calibration plot.
Results:
A total of 105 events occurred in the 1188 cases. Age (>55 years) (OR: 1.83, P=0.0225), preoperative malnutrition (OR: 3.71, P<0.0001), diabetes with insulin (OR: 2.33, P=0.0036), CPB > 135 min (OR: 2.80, P<0.0001), moderate to severe ARDS (OR: 1.79, P=0.0148), use of ECMO or IABP or CRRT (OR: 2.60, P=0.0057) and MV > 20 hours (OR: 3.11, P<0.0001) were independent risk factors for PoP. Based on those independent risk factors, we constructed a simple nomogram with an AUC of 0.82. Calibration plots showed good agreement between predicted probabilities and actual probabilities.
Conclusion:
We constructed a facile nomogram for predicting pneumonia after cardiovascular surgery with good discrimination and calibration
Order Scheduling Optimization in Manufacturing Enterprises Based on MDP and Dynamic Programming
Authors: wulan qiqige
Published: May 2023

In the era of Industry 4.0, order scheduling is a crucial link in the production of manufacturing enterprises. In view of order scheduling in manufacturing enterprises, a finite horizon MDP (Markov decision process) model is proposed in this work based on two sets of equipment and three types of orders with different production lead times to maximize the revenue in manufacturing production systems. Then, the dynamic programming model is incorporated into the optimal order scheduling strategy. Python is employed to simulate the order scheduling in manufacturing enterprises. Based on survey data, the superiority of the proposed model compared to traditional FCFS (first come, first served) order scheduling is verified by experimental cases. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted on the longest service hours of the devices and the order completion rate to explore the applicability of the proposed order scheduling strategy.
Assessing different hydroponic subsystems for Batavia lettuce growth under different planting density treatments
Authors: Çekin Demet , El-Gabry Hamis , Lothmann Ricarda , Hassan Nayira , Hassanen Mariam , Hassanen Mostafa , Sewilam Hani
Published: May 2023

Hydroponic systems have the potential for being one of the most promising sustainable alternative methods of food production, where they confer the advantages of producing higher yields with better control over plant growth. The main purpose of this study is to determine differences in growth rates, sensory attributes and nutrient uptake upon growing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in various hydroponic subsystems at two different plant spacings. We investigated the interaction of different effects on lettuce growth in four hydroponic subsystems, Deep Water Culture ((DWC), Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), Media- Bed system (MB) and Sandponic (SP), at two different plant densities, at narrow planting spacings (20 x25 cm), and larger planting spacings (24 x 25 cm). Our findings show that cultivation methods and planting spacing greatly influence lettuce growth. Overall, the present study provides direct evidence that DWC and NFTs subsystems at both planting spacings performed the best in terms of giving higher yield production, higher plant growth parameters, and better sensory attributes compared to other cultivation systems. Lettuces grown in the DWC system had higher chlorophyll B (29.13 ± 0.82 mg/100 g), and carotene content (32.40 ± 1.27 mg/100 g) in narrow planting spacing and were the most preferred lettuces according to taste tests (52.4%).
Construction of the Chinese Route of Industrial Heritage based on spatial and temporal distribution analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Sun Hao , Zhuo Lingchen , Jiang Lan , Wei Hanbin , Xu Subin , Aoki Nobuo
Published: May 2023

Industrial heritage conservation is an important aspect of regional sustainable development. This study considers the industrial heritage of China built between 1840 and 1978 to establish the Chinese Industrial Heritage GIS Database. Changes spatial distribution , status of spatial distribution and status of conservation and reuse of Chinese industrial heritage are analyzed. The results reveal that in the temporal dimension, China’s industrial heritage shows a pattern of development from accumulation along the coast to dispersal into the interior; in the spatial dimension, the existing industrial heritage forms three key regions, 14 key cities, and important railway and water systems located in eastern China. Regarding the status of conservation, fewer heritage sites are included in the conservation system and there is a greater potential for reuse. This study proposes the development of a Chinese Route of Industrial Heritage (CRIH), consisting of industrial heritage key sites (point elements); industrial heritage key regions and cities (surface elements); and industrial heritage key routes (line elements), as well as different thematic heritage series to extend the system dimensions. The CRIH is of great significance in promoting the overall conservation of China’s industrial heritage and regional tourism.
Burden of cerebral small vessel disease and changes of diastolic blood pressure affect clinical outcome after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Gunkel Sarah , Schötzau Andreas , Fluri Felix
Published: May 2023

Elevated and low blood pressure (BP) may lead to poor functional outcome after ischemic stroke, which is conflicting. Hence, there must be “confounders” - such as cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) -interacting with BP and thus, affecting outcome. Here, we investigate the relationship between BP and cSVD regarding outcome after stroke. Data of 423/503 stroke patients were prospectively analyzed. Diastolic (DBP) and systolic BP (SBP) were collected on hospital admission (BPad) and over the first 72 hours (BP72h). cSVD-burden was determined on MR-scans. Good functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2 at hospital discharge and 12 months thereafter. cSVD was a predictor of poor outcome (OR 2.8; p < 0.001). SBPad, DBPad and SBP72h were not significantly associated with outcome at any time. A significant relationship was found between DBP72h, (p < 0.01), cSVD (p = 0.013) and outcome at discharge. At 12 months, we found a relationship between outcome and DBP72h (p = 0.018) and a statistical tendency regarding cSVD (p = 0.08). Changes in DBP72h were significantly related with outcome. There was a U-shaped relationship between DBP and outcome at discharge. Our results suggest an individualized stroke care by either lowering or elevating DBP depending on cSVD-burden in order to influence functional outcome.
5G network education and smart campus based on heterogeneous distributed platform and multi-scheduling optimization
Authors: Yu Liu , Enzheng Wang
Published: May 2023

In order to build a high-efficiency intelligent education system, this paper combines the current hottest 5G network de-networking construction model, uses 5G network to improve the system's operating speed, and uses a multi-installment scheduling optimization algorithm to construct an intelligent education model. Moreover, this paper establishes a new multi-installment scheduling optimization model. Given the server scheduling sequence, the optimal number of multi-installment scheduling and the optimal task allocation plan are derived. In addition, this paper designs a new global optimization algorithm, obtains the optimal server scheduling sequence, and establishes a new multi-installment scheduling optimization model with the shortest task completion time as the goal. Simultaneously, this paper fixes the server's scheduling sequence to the ascending order of transmission rate, and derives the optimal number of scheduling and the optimal task allocation plan for multi-installment scheduling in non-blocking communication mode. In addition, this paper verifies the performance of the model after constructing the model. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has better performance.
A First Look at Childhood Abuse in Women with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Pal Amrita , Martinez Fernando , Wagman Jennifer , Aysola Ravi S. , Shechter Ari , Mysliwiec Vincent , Martin Jennifer , Macey Paul M.
Published: May 2023

Study objectives. Women who experienced childhood sexual abuse have higher rates of obesity, a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We assessed if prior childhood sexual abuse was more common in women with OSA vs. control, with possible mediation by obesity.
Methods. We studied 21 women with OSA (age mean±s.d. 59±12 years, body mass index (BMI) 33±8 kg/m2, respiratory event index [REI] 25±16 events/hour, Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] 8±5) and 21 women without OSA (age 53±9 years, BMI 25±5 kg/m2, REI (in 7/21 women) 1±1 events/hour, ESS 5±3). We evaluated four categories of trauma (general trauma, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse) with the early trauma inventory self-report-short form (ETISR-SF). We assessed group differences in trauma scores with independent samples t-tests and multiple regressions. Parametric Sobel tests were used to model BMI as a mediator for individual trauma scores predicting OSA in women.
Results. Early childhood sexual abuse reported on the ETISR-SF was 2.4 times more common in women with vs. without OSA (p=0.02 for group difference). Other trauma scores were not significantly different between women with and without OSA. However, BMI was a significant mediator (p=0.02) in predicting OSA in women who experienced childhood physical abuse.
Conclusions. Childhood sexual abuse was more common in a group of women with OSA than those without OSA. Additionally, BMI was a mediator for OSA of childhood physical but not sexual abuse. There may be physiological impacts of childhood trauma in women that predispose them to OSA.
Effect of Genetic Variants, Gender, and Co-treatment on Olanzapine Plasma Concentration in Chinese patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Chen Binbin , Xu Xiangzhen , Lyu Haiyan , Cheng Gang
Published: May 2023

Purpose Given the inter-individual variability in dose-corrected concentrations observed in olanzapine used, this study aimed to find factors that may have contributed to the variation in patients.Methods The trough plasma concentrations of olanzapine were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). All the patients enrolled were on steady olanzapine doses for at least two weeks. Our study simultaneously investigated the association of gender, co-treatment, kidney function, body weight, and UGT1A4, UGT2B7, UGT2B15, CYP1A2, CYP2D6 variants on olanzapine dose-corrected concentrations (C/DOLZ) in 117 Chinese patients with schizophrenia.Results Multiple linear regression analyses suggested that gender, co-treatment with sodium valproate, and UGT1A4 variants had significantly affected C/DOLZ in inpatients with schizophrenia (P༜0.05). Females showed higher C/DOLZ levels compared to males, co-treatment with VPA exhibited lower C/DOLZ levels, UGT1A4 variants showed its significance (P = 0.005) in the multiple linear regression,Conclusions The results revealed that gender, co-treatment with VPA, and UGT1A4 variants significantly influenced C/DOLZ levels. This study provided some combined effects, especially genotype and co-treatment information, for clinicians to remind them when prescribing OLZ. The variability of C/DOLZ levels suggests that TDM could be a helpful tool in addition to a thorough clinical follow-up.
Changes in dry spell durations associated with temperature warming and precipitation variations over the Indo-China Peninsula
Authors: Wu Xinqu , Luo Xian , Wang Fen , Yang Kaicheng , Wang Pengxiang
Published: May 2023

Dry spells have negative implications for water security and agriculture. Climate changes associated with increasing temperature and precipitation variations lead to changes in dry spell durations. The variability of the dry spell duration during the rainy season (May–October) over the Indo-China Peninsula (ICP) was analyzed, and the contributions of the temperature and precipitation changes with respect to the trend in the total duration of dry spells (TDDS) were quantified using linear regression methods. The results indicate increasing trend in the with a rate of 0.9 days/10 year over the entire ICP. Nevertheless, the trends presented great spatial variability, and 37.4% and 10.7% of the peninsula presented significant increasing and decreasing trends at the 95% confidence level, respectively. Climate warming has led to a considerable elongation of the dry spells during the rainy season at a rate of 5.3 days/°C, and areas with precipitation less than 1000 mm and higher than 2000 mm generally show faster increases. The change rates are clearly asymmetrically distributed with the dry spell duration, with hotter rainy seasons witnessing more frequent long-duration dry spells. On the other hand, considerable increasing precipitation shortens the dry spells, while decreasing precipitation facilitates the dry spell extension caused by rising temperatures. As the climate continues to warm, hotter rainy seasons will favor more frequent and prolonged dry spells, which will further exacerbate drought and heat waves over the ICP. These research results are expected to provide reference for agricultural activities, water resources management, and disaster prevention over the ICP.