bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A path to clarity
Authors: Dooley Vanessa
Published: December 2024

Following the Government's announcement in September 2024 that single-word judgements were to be scrapped from Ofsted's inspection reports, Vanessa Dooley, founder and creator of JigsawEYC, discusses what impact this will have on settings and the opportunities it brings for early years education and care.
Federated Learning for Energy Efficiency in 6G
Authors: Bashir Satwat , Dagiuklas Tasos , Kassai Kasra , Iqbal Muddesar
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a multi-tier Federated Learning (FL) architecture designed to optimize energy efficiency in 6G, with particular emphasis on compliance with the Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) standards defined by 3GPP. Unlike existing FL architectures that often overlook energy efficiency and lack full integration with network functions like NWDAF, our proposed architecture integrates AI-driven strategies across multi layers. This multi-tier approach dynamically adjusts computation and communication rounds, reducing energy consumption while maintaining high model accuracy and network performance. By addressing challenges such as data heterogeneity and personalisation through adaptive training, intelligent routing, and advanced model aggregation, the architecture significantly enhances energy efficiency. Initial simulations, aligned with NWDAF processing requirements, underscore the architecture’s suitability for deployment in 6G , offering a scalable, energy-efficient, and privacy-preserving solution that aligns with industry standards and addresses key challenges in distributed learning.
Multi-disciplinary Approach to 6G
Authors: Matinmikko-Blue Marja , Yrjölä Seppo , Ahokangas Petri , Basaure Arturo
Published: December 2024

6G aims to address a number of societal challenges, while promising performance improvements over prior generations of international mobile communication technology. This calls for going beyond a traditional technology-driven approach in mobile communication system development and considering a wider set of values that are particularly driven by sustainability principles. In this 6G era, multi-disciplinarity, covering disciplines beyond telecommunications engineering, becomes an increasingly important approach to develop future-proof mobile communication technologies and services. This paper introduces a multi-disciplinary approach to 6G research and development (R&D) considering technology, business, regulation, and sustainability perspectives. Key topics and tools are introduced together with two case examples that illustrate how multi-disciplinarity, considering the proposed four perspectives, can bring new insights into practical topics relevant for 6G R&D.
Characterizing Automatically Maintained Self-Injury With the Aberrant Behavior Checklist
Authors: King Hunter C. , Kurtz Patricia F. , Chin Michelle D. , Falligant John Michael
Published: December 2024

Multidimensional variables linked to repetitive behavior, hyperactivity, and mood dysregulation are correlated with the prevalence and severity of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine differences in Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) subscales between individuals with socially maintained SIB and automatically maintained SIB (ASIB). Overall, there were not significant differences in ABC subscale elevations between the SIB and ASIB groups. However, when ASIB was stratified into distinct subtypes, notable differences in subscale elevations were observed. Our results indicate the ABC may have utility for further characterizing the neurobehavioral divergence among individuals with IDD who engage in self-injury.
Simulation study on ultra-wideband and ultra-narrowband switchable terahertz metamaterial absorbers based on deep neural networks
Authors: Yan Rui , Wang Kai , Luo Qi , Li Jing
Published: December 2024

Supported by deep neural networks (DNNs), a simulation study on an ultra-wideband (UWB) to ultra-narrowband (UNB) switchable terahertz metamaterial absorbers (THz MAs) was designed and optimized. By leveraging the phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2), the device achieves nearly perfect absorption, switching between UWB and UNB modes. Finite element analysis was used to simulate and analyze the constructed model. Simulation results indicate that when VO2 is in its metallic state, the device functions as a UWB absorber with an absorption bandwidth of 11.54 THz over the 3.88–15.42 THz range, achieving an absorption rate exceeding 90% and a relative bandwidth (RBW) of 119.6%. When VO2 is in its insulating state, the device switches to a UNB absorber, reaching an absorption rate close to 100% at 13.927 THz. In this state, material detection was conducted, revealing that the device has a maximum refractive index sensitivity (S) of 0.33 THz/RIU and a corresponding quality factor (Q) of up to 515.8, enabling high sensing functionality. Its absorption performance is insensitive to TE and TM polarizations. Additionally, the effects of incident and polarization angles on the operating characteristics were studied. The proposed absorber demonstrates excellent polarization insensitivity, angle stability, and UWB and UNB advantages, offering valuable insights for new multifunctional THz device research. It holds significant application potential in short-range wireless THz communication, ultra-fast optical switching, sensing, transient spectroscopy, and electromagnetic stealth.
Self-Supervised, Experiment-Free Neural Network for Hologram Reconstruction Using Physics Consistency
Authors: Huang Luzhe , Chen Hanlong , Liu Tairan , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: December 2024

We presented a self-supervised learning framework that leverages sythetic artificial training data and physics consistency loss, eliminating the need for capturing experimental data, and demonstrated its superior generalization to unseen real-world samples than competitve methods.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Low-loss dispersion compensation of high-speed data with integrated, concatenated gratings
Authors: Ong Kenny Y. K. , Aadhi A. , Chen George F. R. , Tan Dawn T. H.
Published: December 2024

Optical transceivers serve as the backbone of high-speed data transmission over optical fiber in communication systems and there is a constant challenge to keep cost and power consumption low while increasing data capacities. However, dispersion impairments introduced by the transmission of data over optical fiber, limit the baud rates and fiber reach. In this paper, we demonstrate a low loss, transmission-based grating device to compensate for dispersion up to 20 km by the concatenation of gratings where the operation occurs outside of the stopband in the region where transmissivity is high, and the normal dispersion magnitude is large. High-speed measurements with 28.05GBd/s PAM4 data show a significant improvement of >14 dB improvement in the transmitter dispersion eye closure quaternary after 10 km, and improvement in the dispersion penalty up to 20 km when dispersion compensation is applied without digital signal processing (DSP) methods. Further analysis by scanning the carrier wavelength across the grating stopband while simultaneously measuring the bit-error rate (BER) reveal that improvements in the BERs correspond with the nonlinear group delay curve and low BERs can be realized with vestigial filtering of the modulated data. The presented integrated optical system provides a low-loss, CMOS-compatible solution for the effective management of dispersion and may enable augmented fiber reaches and data rates in transceivers.
Lensless imaging through the Fourier-ADMM network with a cost-effective and easily fabricated phase mask
Authors: Xiong Zhencong , He Wenjun , Chen Yijie , Xu Yifei , Wang Wenbo , Fu Yuegang
Published: December 2024

In this Letter, we introduce the Fourier-ADMM (alternating direction
method of multipliers) network, improving the Fourier-ADMM algorithm
by integrating it with an additional backpropagation process.
Simultaneously, we develop a cost-effective and easily fabricated
phase mask for lensless imaging systems. While the simplified phase
mask may challenge the image quality for its faults such as low
contrast and a suboptimal signal-to-noise ratio, the capabilities of
the Fourier-ADMM network effectively mitigate these issues. The
fabrication of the phase mask requires inexpensive and readily
available raw materials and tools, and the process itself does not
necessitate any highly specialized or precision operations. Our
experimental results demonstrate that, with the backing of this
advanced decoding network, the camera equipped with the simplified
phase mask is capable of delivering high-quality imaging and rapid
response times.
Performance of phenomic selection in rice: Effects of population size and genotype-environment interactions on predictive ability
Authors: de Verdal Hugues , Segura Vincent , Pot David , Salas Niclolas , Garin Vincent , Rakotoson Tatiana , Raboin Louis-Marie , VomBrocke Kirsten , Dusserre Julie , Castro Pacheco Sergio Antonion , Grenier Cecile
Published: December 2024

Phenomic prediction (PP), a novel approach utilizing Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) data, offers an alternative to genomic prediction (GP) for breeding applications. In PP, a hyperspectral relationship matrix replaces the genomic relationship matrix, potentially capturing both additive and non-additive genetic effects. While PP boasts advantages in cost and throughput compared to GP, the factors influencing its accuracy remain unclear and need to be defined. This study investigated the impact of various factors, namely the training population size, the multi-environment information integration, and the incorporations of genotype x environment (GxE) effects, on PP compared to GP. We evaluated the prediction accuracies for several agronomically important traits (days to flowering, plant height, yield, harvest index, thousand-grain weight, and grain nitrogen content) in a rice diversity panel grown in four distinct environments. Training population size and GxE effects inclusion had minimal influence on PP accuracy. The key factor impacting the accuracy of PP was the number of environments included. Using data from a single environment, GP generally outperformed PP. However, with data from multiple environments, using genotypic random effect and relationship matrix per environment, PP achieved comparable accuracies to GP. Combining PP and GP information did not significantly improve predictions compared to the best model using a single source of information (e.g., average predictive ability of GP, PP, and combined GP and PP for grain yield were of 0.44, 0.42, and 0.44, respectively). Our findings suggest that PP can be as accurate as GP when all genotypes have at least one NIRS measurement, potentially offering significant advantages for rice breeding programs, reducing the breeding cycles and lowering program costs.
Research on multi-objective hierarchical site selection coverage of fire station
Authors: He Junjie , Guan Xin , Lu Houjun , Yang Juntao
Published: December 2024

The fire station location has essential theoretical and practical values, not only in terms of maintaining the safety of life and property, but also enriching the optimization theory of site selection problems. To study the multi-objective siting problem of fire stations, we firstly divided demand areas and fire stations into three levels to form a comprehensive hierarchical emergency coverage network covering fire risk areas. Secondly, the nodes of the original location of the fire station were added to the set of nodes of the planned construction of the fire station. By introducing the coverage attenuation function, the multi-objective level fire station location model covering the maximum fire risk value and the minimum construction cost of the fire station was established. Then, the epsilon constraint method was used to address the multi-objective model, followed by designing the genetic algorithm based on the problem characteristics for solutions. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm, numerical experiments were performed, which took an urban area in China as an example. The solutions indicated that although retaining more of the original fire stations reduced the siting costs, most strategies tended to fail to cover higher values of fire risk, and the service coverage increases with the number of new fire stations. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore the effect of different parameters on the maximum fire risk value that can be covered by a fire station. A compromise coordinated siting scheme with a hierarchy of fire stations can be obtained by solving the proposed model. It can provide decision support for related departments to develop optimal siting configurations.
Gender relations and women’s empowerment in small-scale irrigated forage production in Ethiopia
Authors: Omondi Immaculate , Njuguna-Mungai Esther , Derseh Melkamu Bezabih , Teufel Nils , Galiè Alessandra , Njiru Nelly , Kariuki Eunice , Mulema Annet Abenakyo , Baltenweck Isabelle , Jones Chris Stephen
Published: December 2024

Small-scale cultivation and irrigation of planted forages can increase the availability of good-quality animal feed in smallholder farms. However, low adoption rates of improved forage technologies in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa have been observed and are partly attributed to limited understanding of gender dynamics in the context of production and utilization of planted forages. The introduction of small-scale cultivation and irrigation of planted forages is likely to interlink gender relations in the mixed crop–livestock farming system given the differences in contributions, benefits and challenges men and women farmers face. Efforts to transform livestock systems through improving adoption, scaling, and sustainability forage interventions can benefit from empirical evidence on gender relations in feed-related activities. We aim to highlight the linkage between gender relations and women’s empowerment in the production and utilization of feed resources smallholder settings. We used mixed methods, drawing on quantitative data obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 250 men and 250 women, and qualitative data obtained from eight focus group discussions in smallholder settings of the Amhara and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People’s regions of Ethiopia, where small-scale irrigation was introduced to boost the production of cultivated forages by households. We used the Women’s Empowerment in Livestock Index tool to elicit data and analyze the empowerment of the sampled men and women. Women’s empowerment differed significantly with different dimensions of gender relations, types of forages grown, and small-scale irrigation practice. Moreover, women in households practicing small-scale irrigation of planted forages were significantly more empowered and most (80%) achieved the adequate threshold in “work balance”. The study findings point to the positive link between empowerment and the likely shifts in gender relations from the practice of small-scale production and irrigation of forages.
Unveiling the intricate interplay: Exploring biological bridges between renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and T cell-mediated immune rejection in kidney transplantation
Authors: Xia Xinyi , Fan Xinrui , Jiang Shan , Liao Yuhan , Sun Yang
Published: December 2024

Although the link between ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) in kidney transplantation (KT) is well known, the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated essential genes and biological processes involved in interactions between IRI and TCMR. Methods: Renal IRI and TCMR datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. IRI and TCMR co-expression networks were built using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and essential modules were identified to acquire shared genes and conduct functional enrichment analysis. Shared genes were used for TCMR consensus clustering, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted. Three machine learning algorithms screened for hub genes, which underwent miRNA prediction and transcription factor analysis. Hub gene expression was verified, and survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Results: IRI and TCMR shared 84 genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that inflammation played a significant role. Based on shared genes, TCMR was divided into two clusters. GSEA revealed that graft rejection-related pathways varied between the two clusters. TCMR hub genes, guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) and CD69, showed increased expression. Decreased survival rates were found in patients who had undergone KT and had high GBP1 and CD69 levels. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that renal IRI has a potential role in renal TCMR and the pathogenic pathways are potentially inflammation-related.
Second-line systemic treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis based on RCT
Authors: Sun Chengyu , Fan Enguo , Huang Luqiao , Zhang Zhengguo
Published: December 2024

Background

The optimal second-line systemic treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is inconclusive.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for RCTs comparing second-line systemic treatments for mCRC from the inception of each database up to February 3, 2024. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique was used in this network meta-analysis (NMA) to generate the direct and indirect comparison results among multiple treatments in progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), grade 3 and above adverse events (Grade ≥ 3AE), and any adverse events (Any AE). The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was adopted to evaluate the probability of each treatment being the optimum intervention. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the RAS gene status.

Results

A total of 47 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 16,925 patients and 44 second-line systemic treatments. In improving OS, FOLFOX + Bevacizumab + Erlotinib exhibited significant superiority (SUCRA:92.7%). In improving PFS, Irinotecan + CMAB009 (SUCRA:86.4%) had advantages over other treatments. FOLFIRI + Trebananib (SUCRA:88.1%) had a significant advantage in improving ORR. Among multiple second-line treatments, the SUCRA values of FOLFOX + Bevacizumab in PFS, OS, ORR, and PR were 83.4%, 74.0%, 81.1%, and 86.1%, respectively, and the safety was not significantly different from other interventions. Subgroup analyses showed that FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab + panitumumab ranked among the top in survival outcomes in the RAS-mutant population (OS SUCRA: 87.9%; PFS SUCRA: 70.2%); whereas in the RAS-wild-type population, FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab significantly improved survival outcomes (OS SUCRA: 73.2%; PFS SUCRA: 65.1%).

Conclusion

For most people, FOLFOX + Bevacizumab may be the best second-line systemic treatment regimen for mCRC. For RAS-mutant populations, FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab + Panitumumab is recommended. However, the therapeutic effect may be affected by the patient’s physiological state, and clinicians should apply it based on actual conditions.
Comparative analysis of patient-reported outcomes in joint arthroplasty surgeries
Authors: Äärimaa Ville , Kohtala Karita , Mäkelä Keijo , Karvonen Mikko , Arimaa Anssi , Ryösä Anssi , Kostensalo Joel , Kaivonen Fanny , Laaksonen Inari
Published: December 2024

Background

This study aims to report and analyze disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) effect size (ES) variations, in patients undergoing major arthroplasty surgery.

Material and methods

All institution-based data of primary knee, hip, or shoulder arthroplasty patients at Turku University hospital (Finland) between January 2020 –December 2022 were collected, and treatment outcome assessed as a PROM difference between baseline and one-year follow-up. PROM ES were calculated for each patient and patient group separately, and patients with ES >0.5, were considered responders. Factors contributing to patient outcome and differences between patient groups were investigated using linear models and non-parametric methods.

Results

2580 patients were operated (complete follow-up data on 1828 patients). 1110 (61%) of the patients were female, and mean age was 69 years (SD 10). The mean ES across all patient groups was 2.64 (SD 1.29) and the biggest ES was observed in shoulder patients and the smallest in knee patients. Smaller ES was statistically significantly associated with higher preoperative PROM, higher ASA class, and old age. The percentage of responders was highest for shoulder patients (97.7%), followed by hip patients (96.8%), and lowest for knee patients (92.5%).

Conclusion

The observed ES for joint arthroplasty surgeries is high. However, there are significant disparities among patients with primary knee, hip, and shoulder joint arthroplasty surgery. These variations are mainly due to differences in preoperative PROM score and may be attributed to differences in patient selection. We recommend that prior to shared decision-making, preoperative scores are thoroughly reviewed with the patient, along with other patient specific factors that may influence the end result of the treatment.
The role of digital inclusive finance in green innovation
Authors: Chen Cheng , Fan Min , Fan Yaojun
Published: December 2024

As environmental issues become more acute, green innovation has become a key driver in advancing environmental sustainability and a comprehensive green transition, paving the way towards a future of ’clear waters and blue skies’ and enhanced environmental quality. In this vein, financial support is deemed an important facilitator of green innovation. Nonetheless, traditional financial institutions often restrict investment in such projects due to biases surrounding the returns of green projects and difficulties in risk assessment. The rise of digital inclusive finance offers new insights into addressing this challenge. Drawing on data from Chinese A-share listed companies between 2014 and 2019 and employing a multidimensional fixed-effect model, this paper systematically investigates the impact and mechanisms of action of digital inclusive finance on corporate green innovation. The study finds that digital inclusive finance significantly spurs green innovation within enterprises; this finding remains robust following a series of robustness checks and the addressing of endogeneity concerns. The facilitative effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and areas with stricter environmental regulations. Digital inclusive finance supports green innovation mainly through two pathways: ’funding effects,’ related to easing financing constraints and reducing transaction costs, and ’responsibility effects,’ pertaining to the enhancement of corporate social responsibility. Additionally, green innovation driven by digital inclusive finance further improves the quality of the ecological environment, leading to increased total factor productivity and overall corporate performance. This paper enriches the externalities research of digital inclusive finance, providing theoretical foundations and practical insights to foster the synergistic development of digital inclusive finance and green innovation.
Performance of the VITEK® MS system for the identification of filamentous fungi in a microbiological laboratory in Chile
Authors: Porte Lorena , Cruz Rodrigo , Pérez Inia , Varela Carmen , Díaz Cristina , García Patricia , Legarraga Paulette , Valdivieso Francisca , Weitzel Thomas
Published: December 2024

Filamentous fungi are an emergent cause of severe infections in immunocompromised patients. Timely and accurate identification is crucial to initiate appropriate therapy. Traditional identification methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and operator-dependent. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is a rapid and easy-to-perform identification method. The effectiveness of a commercial MALDI-TOF MS platform to identify filamentous fungi in a clinical laboratory was evaluated. The study included 67 fungal isolates from 35 species/species complexes, which were identified and confirmed in mycology reference laboratories; 32 derived from clinical samples, 34 from strain collections and one was an ATCC strain. The study used the VITEK® MS system (v3.2.0 database), after sample extraction by VITEK® MS Mould Kit. Results were classified as “correct species”, “correct species complex”, “correct genus”and “no identification”. VITEK® MS correctly identified 91.0% of isolates (58.2% to species, 29.9% to species complex, and 1.5% to genus level only). In 82%, the result matched the species/species complex identified by reference methods. No misidentifications were observed. The kit was rapid and easy to use. In conclusion, the VITEK® MS system showed a high capability to accurately identify filamentous fungi in a clinical laboratory.
Stakeholders’ awareness and perception of food design in the Netherlands
Authors: Schifferstein Hendrik N. J.
Published: December 2024

The first designers specialized in food design in the Netherlands about 25 years ago. Since then, more and more designers have joined them and presented their work at exhibitions and events. In addition, specialized food design courses and curricula have been developed. However, interviews with professionals and scientists in the field of nutrition and public health show that the term food design is still largely unknown and often interpreted negatively, pointing to how food marketing manipulates consumers and seduces them into buying unhealthy products. Nevertheless, participants see opportunities for designers to support healthy and sustainable food choices by presenting them in a more attractive way or in more prominent locations. In addition, designers could improve food or optimize its packaging, improve nutrition education, redesign food environments and facilitate collaboration between stakeholders to achieve systemic change. However, to create impact, the public should better understand what food design is and how it can contribute, and designers should demonstrate that their interventions are effective.
Case Report: Effects of Diet on Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Ferruzzi Katherine , Hodges Romilly , Stello Noelle , Zwickey Heather
Published: December 2024

A 57-year-old White female was diagnosed with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). By manipulating her diet, she was able to reduce her LDL-C from its highest level of 262 mg/dL to 138 mg/dL and her total cholesterol from 317 to 229 mg/dL. This approximately 50% reduction was achieved within a 6-month period. By researching the biochemical processes of foods that lower cholesterol, we were able to identify the ideal combinations of food types, consumption frequencies, and amounts that led to the decreased LDL-C. We found the effects of these foods on cholesterol have already been researched and established for years. The subject kept daily diet logs for an entire year, through which we could approximately quantify the consumption of saturated fat and cholesterol, foods with phytosterols, and overall calorie intake. This case implies that diet prescription alone may reduce LDL-C for some individuals. The consideration of cholesterol-lowering medications should not overshadow the importance of the well-researched effects that certain foods have on lowering LDL-C and the benefit they have for an individual’s overall health.
Climate Change Education and Secondary School Students: A Meta-Synthesis (1993-2017)
Authors: García-Vinuesa Antonio , Meira-Cartea Pablo Á. , Caride-Gómez José A.
Published: December 2024

Interest in climate change education has grown increasingly in educational research over the last two decades, during which there have been numerous studies and reviews. This paper synthesizes knowledge focusing on secondary school students and climate change education. A meta-synthesis was conducted over 76 papers, identified by a systematic literature review approach, involving students from 26 nationalities. The multiple methodologies used and the variety of sociocultural student profiles made it challenging to generalize the findings. This meta-synthesis allows us to establish the background for this population concerning the following areas: general knowledge, levels of awareness and responsibility ratings related to the phenomenon, concern and perception of risk, pro-environmental attitudes, and perceived self-efficacy. Generally, secondary school students demonstrate similar knowledge about the issue and share common misconceptions. The dimension of perceptions and attitudes is more diverse.
historia de la Patagonia en el diseño curricular de la Escuela Secundaria Rionegrina desde una perspectiva intercultural
Authors: Portela Daniel Tomás , Remolcoy Sergio , Jara Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2024

La Escuela Secundaria de Río Negro (ESRN) propone, en su nuevo diseño curricular del año 2017, el desarrollo de la enseñanza de saberes propios de Historia escolar de manera interdisciplinar, en dialogo con las especificidades de otras disciplinas del campo social. En este trabajo tomamos la propuesta del enfoque intercultural para indagar en la presentación de los saberes en la enseñanza de la Historia en la ESRN, el cual es objeto de nuestra investigación. Las preguntas que nos formulamos en el recorrido del análisis del documento curricular giran en torno a qué contenidos de la historia de la Patagonia aparecen y cómo se relacionan con enfoques y perspectivas interculturales. Una aproximación a la lectura crítica de los enunciados desde esta perspectiva permite conocer sobre los posibles alcances de la historia de la Patagonia que se puede construir en diálogo con otras disciplinas desde el tratamiento de problemas socialmente vivos.
Puertas de entrada a la enseñanza del ferrocarril en Argentina. Propuestas didácticas para su abordaje
Authors: Guida Bria Fernando , Agostini Luisina
Published: December 2024

El conjunto de propuestas didácticas que presentamos son el resultado del curso de capacitación docente “Puertas de entrada al estudio del ferrocarril en Argentina. Entre el progreso, el desarrollo, el déficit y el patrimonio” que dictamos en el sindicato de docentes e investigadores de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina (COAD). Nos animó la intención de ofrecer a lxs participantes, docentes (en los diferentes niveles del sistema educativo) y estudiantes de institutos terciarios y universitarios temas y problemas que pueden ser abordados en las aulas y relacionados con contenidos generales de la currícula oficial que el Ministerio de Educación de la Provincia de Santa Fe establece como obligatorio para las materias Historia, Geografía y aquellas afines a las ciencias sociales para la escuela secundaria.
Starch-based nanoformulation of rhizobium enhancing growth, nodulation, and yield in black gram
Authors: Lokesh T , Gomathi V , Senthilkumar M , Moorthy PS , Subramanian KS , Sharmila DJS , Marry JK , Navinkumar T
Published: December 2024

Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) is a significant pulse crop due to its nutritional value and productivity within the Indian subcontinent. Pulses possess the inherent ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil through a symbiotic association with the Rhizobium, a genus of essential soil microorganisms that facilitate nitrogen fixation in legumes. However, conventional biofertilizers encounter challenges related to limited shelf life, reduced cellular viability, and inefficacy of carriers. This research investigates the encapsulation of Rhizobium using starch nanoparticles and sodium alginate to mitigate these drawbacks. The nanoformulations was assessed, with a mean droplet size and polydispersity index of 292 nm and 0.056, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of all functional components. SEM imaging illustrated a uniform distribution of the formulation over the seed coat. Release kinetics displayed an initial burst release, followed by controlled and sustained release phases. The nanoformulations effectively protects the cells from adverse conditions in soil with different pH levels. A pot culture experiment with Black gram was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the nanoformulations. The findings indicated significant enhancements in growth parameters, nodulation, and yield characteristics compared to the control and conventional treatments. The highest dosage of nanoformulation at the rate of 15ml/8Kg (T6) consistently surpassed other treatments, demonstrating improved shoot and root lengths, chlorophyll content, soluble protein, and enzyme activities. Treatment T6 gains the highest nodule count (approx. 100/plant) and maximized yield parameters. This investigation highlights the potential of Rhizobium nanoformulations in promoting plant growth, nodulation, and yield in black gram. It offers a promising strategy for sustainable agricultural practices and addresses the limitations of traditional biofertilizers.
Sport, Disability and Social Integration
Authors:   Department of Neuro-Rehabilitation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Fizzotti Gabriella , Tsampas Nikolas ,   Department of Neuro-Rehabilitation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Vigorelli Vanessa ,   Department of Neuro-Rehabilitation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Published: December 2024

Introduction: One of the most relevant disabilities is caused by Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Typical causes of spinal cord damage are trauma, disease, or congenital disorders. In most cases SCI leads to paraplegia or quadriplegia. Sports activities are implemented during and after the rehabilitation of SCI people in order to improve strength, aerobic fitness, and physical functioning; in addition, sports activities have positive effects on psychological well-being. The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate the contribution of sporting activity to the individual rehabilitation project and to compare the personal experiences of professional agonist athletes. Material and Methods: A total of twenty-one individuals: twelve males, nine females were recruited currently participating in wheelchair handbike (11), wheelchair archery (2),wheelchair tennis (1), wheelchair ski (1), canoe (1), bicycle (5) were recruited. Their ages ranged between 23 and 56. A handcycle is a type of vehicle powered by the arms rather than the legs, as on a bicycle. An informational interview is planned with the goal of gaining specific information and making better comparison. Questions concern: individual medical history, rehabilitation program, sport and athletic individual results, final considerations. Results: In eleven handbikers it has been possible confirmed the tangible increase in muscle strength of the upper limbs, the main motor of propulsion in hand bikes. From the psychological point of view to begin this new sport has given them a concrete goal to follow. This new activity has allowed them to constantly improve and to meet new people who share them own difficulties and mostly the same passion. Conclusions: The contribution of sport in rehabilitation program is important because it can be used as a tool to improve the body’s compromised motor functions. Emerging evidence indicates that exercise and sports can have significant physical and psychosocial health benefits for people with SCI.
Capacity-Development as Correlate of Access to Healthcare Services and Satisfaction among Health Care Workers and their Clients in Osun and Ogun States in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Guyana, Ekpo Helen U. , Atulomah Nnodimele O. ,   Department of Public Health, Babcock University, Ogun State
Published: December 2024

Nigeria is considered to have one of the lowest health indices in the world and contributes to 10 % of global maternal deaths. Households and individuals bear the burden of a dysfunctional and inequitable health system characterized by delayed or absence of seeking health care and having to pay out-of-pocket for health care services that are not affordable. Nigeria’s commitment to improvement of maternal and child health indices and Universal Health Coverage was symbolised by the passage of the National Health Act of 2014, section 11, which mandated the establishment of Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) to expand the fiscal space by deploying financial resources for primary health care services [1]. Despite the introduction of the scheme, many states have not obliged to adopt the scheme. The study was Ex-post Facto cross-sectional design undertaken in Osun and Ogun States, to explore the relationship between capacity-development of health care workers in BHCPF supported facilities and quality of the services provided defined by satisfaction of services rendered and received by clients seeking health care and to demonstrate that these parameters are better in state that have adopted the BHCPF scheme for achieving UHC. Data collected were coded and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23, providing summaries which were used to derive test of significance of hypothesis. Clients in Osun State had significantly higher levels of satisfaction to the services received in BHCPF supported facilities when compared to those of clients accessing services in PHCs in Ogun state where the BHCPF had not commenced. The study findings provided some evidence to show that there is need for states governments in Nigeria to buy into the BHCPF program which is a veritable scheme that will contribute to provision of equitable health care services to all Nigerians and will contribute ultimately to achievement to universal health coverage to all Nigerians in the nearest future.
Second Century Trauma to The Eye
Authors:   University of New Mexico, Department of Neurology and Medicine, Appenzeller Otto
Published: December 2024

We scrutinized a number of mummy portraits and found one with evidence of trauma to the left eye. This is the first evidence from the second century AD to show that children were beaten perhaps for disciplinary reasons then and also now. Why the trauma to the eye occurred in this girl will for ever remain a mystery.
Diabetic Foot Ulcers Treated with Nanotherapy: A Short Communication
Authors:   Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Health Care, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Xochimilco, Mexico City, 04960, Mexico, Lopez-Goerne Tessy
Published: December 2024

The current study proposes an innovative approach: the development of a nanotherapeutic particles designed to encompass all the desired functionalities outlined by previous researchers. These include: a) bactericidal properties, b) the ability to generate ROS species from lactic acid when the Krebs cycle deviates to the Cori cycle, c) promotion of angiogenesis and oxygenation of wounds, and d) acting as a catalyst for cell regeneration, thereby facilitating the closure of diabetic foot ulcers. These nanotherapeutic particles are synthesized from an organometallic compound integrated into a polymeric amorphous matrix. Crucially, it is superficially coated with a variety of functional groups, exhibiting a particle size ranging from 1 to 5 nanometers as determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with a specific surface area exceeding 700 m2/g. Preliminary preclinical findings have been documented, and we present additional promising outcomes in this report.
PMA Induction to Prostate Cancer Cell Lines: DU145 and LNCAP
Authors:   Ege Univ. Pharmacy Fac. Pharmacology Dept. Bornova, Izmir, Turkiye, Gonen Ceren
Published: December 2024

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in men in the Western World. The effects of androgens are mediated by the Androgen Receptor (AR). Therefore, studies focus on the identification of AR-regulated genes that are also highly expressed in the prostate. STAMP family genes STAMP1/STEAP2 and STAMP2/STEAP4 have only expressed in androgen receptor-positive cells, the role of AR in STAMP family gene expression is an important question Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, NF-κB Activator, PMA, TPA PMA is used at 100nM final concentration after transfection of Hismax vector and Hismax STAMP1 to DU145-brain metastases of prostate cancer cell line. DU145 cell line kinetics were shown. PMA induction to LNCaP cells.was done. In summary, the data presented show that STAMP1 is involved in a signaling pathway that is linked to cell cycle progression as well as inhibition of apoptosis. Consistent with its increased expression in prostate cancer, these data suggest that STAMP1 may play important roles in prostate cancer development and progression.
Segmental Mesenteric Thrombosis as the Initial Manifestation of Primary Thrombophilia: Clinical Case
Authors:   General Surgery Resident/Mérida Issste Hospital Clinic–Faculty of Medicine of the Autonomous University of Yucatan, Solís-Reyna Víctor Hugo
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Acute mesenteric ischemia is caused by interruption of the blood supply to the intestine, leading to cell damage, intestinal necrosis, and often death of the patient if untreated. AMI can be occlusive or non-occlusive, with primary etiology defined as mesenteric arterial embolism (50%), mesenteric arterial thrombosis (15-25%) or venous thrombosis (5-15%). Clinical case: A 54-year-old male presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain, vomiting, and hypotension. Important history: Systemic arterial hypertension 2 years after diagnosis, without pharmacological treatment, without other important history upon admission. His Current Condition begins: 24 hours prior to admission, with diffuse abdominal pain, of moderate intensity that partially subsides to the administration of NSAIDs, subsequently he presents fever and general malaise, vomiting of gastro-alimentary content is added and he goes to a rural clinic where he is evaluated and referred to a second level hospital. Exploratory Laparotomy reported the following findings: necrotic area of ​​5 cm that covers the entire circumference located at 20 cm from the Angle of Treitz, Total necrosis of the small intestine that involves approximately 70 cm located at 40 cm of the ileocecal valve. Generalized Peritonitis; Resection and manual anastomosis were performed in two planes, resection of 70 cm of terminal ileum, closure of the ileal stump and terminal ileostomy. He had an adequate post-surgical evolution and was discharged due to improvement. Discussion: Surgical intervention aims to evaluate and remove any unsalvageable intestine, prevent further intestinal infarctions with urgent revascularization, and preserve the small intestine. This often involves a midline laparotomy, which allows direct visualization of the intestine to evaluate blood flow through the mesenteric vessels, observe abnormalities of color or appearance of the intestinal serosa, and monitor peristalsis. Additional techniques such as intravenous fluorescein, Doppler, or intraoperative laser angiography may also be used. used to evaluate perfusion.
Laryngeal Perforation by Projectile by Firearm
Authors:   Specialist in Surgery, Department of Surgery, General Hospital "Dr. Rubén Leñero," Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico. Graduated from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Carrillo Carol Atzimba Zepeda
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Neck trauma represents from 5 to 10% of aggressions and with a mortality rate of up to 7%. Laryngeal trauma is fatal, with mortality of up to 80%. Objective: Presentation of a case and review of the literature. Method: A 21-year-old male is in the emergency department with a gunshot wound to the neck. Surgical exploration of the neck was performed, with injury to the larynx at the level of the thyroid cartilage on the anterior and superior aspect with destruction in 30%, 2 x 3 cm multifragmented involving the upper notch and 2% the thyroid membrane. Discussion: In the diagnosis of laryngeal trauma, acute injuries and chronic injuries should be sought, since the functions of the larynx as an anatomical structure and with the function of being the critical intersection for breathing, swallowing and expression, where neuropathies that affect the movement of the vocal cords can significantly affect quality of life. Conclusion: it is essential to have an infrastructure for effective or correct diagnosis and treatment. The trauma surgeon must make decisions regarding the approach, procedure and follow-up, which with his experience and knowledge may be an option to resolve as assertively as possible for the benefit of the patient. Tracheostomy is not currently a strict or forceful indication.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Integrated Care Models for Managing Mental Health Issues
Authors:   School of Allied and Public Health, University of Chester, United Kingdom, Adindu Kelechi Nelson
Published: December 2024

The global rise in mental health issues has exposed limitations in conventional healthcare systems' ability to deliver comprehensive and integrated care for individuals with complex mental disorders. In response, integrated care models have emerged as promising solutions, combining primary healthcare, specialized mental health services, and social support networks. This research investigates the efficacy of these integrated approaches in addressing mental health concerns, with a particular focus on their capacity to enhance care accessibility, improve patient outcomes, and elevate overall service quality. The study examines various integration models, such as collaborative care and patient-centered medical homes, to assess their impact on reducing healthcare fragmentation, enhancing care continuity, and promoting holistic treatment strategies. Research methods include systematic reviews of existing literature, case studies, and interviews with both healthcare professionals and patients. Conclusively, the study's findings aim to consolidate insights from contemporary research and practical examples to determine optimal practices and obstacles in deploying integrated care for mental health treatment. Furthermore, it delves into the prospects of cutting-edge technologies and cross-disciplinary partnerships to boost the effectiveness of these frameworks. Ultimately, this research seeks to contribute to the development of more effective, person-centered mental health care systems.
Report of a Case of Cowper’s Gland Syringocele in an Adult Male Patient
Authors:   Clinical Imaging Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, Abdulmajeed Hatem Abdulkareem , Mahajan Parag Suresh ,   Clinical Imaging Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, Chinnakaruppan Shanmugavel ,   Clinical Imaging Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, Al Maslamani Nasser Jassim ,   Clinical Imaging Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Published: December 2024

Cowper’s gland syringocele is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition characterized by cystic dilatation of the Cowper’s gland ducts, presenting with various radiological patterns. This report details a unique case of a giant Cowper’s gland syringocele in an adult male, highlighting the MRI findings and management outcomes.