bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organ-specific heterogeneity in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cancer antigen expression in primary and autologous metastatic lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Restle David , Dux Joseph , Li Xiaoyu , Byun Alexander J , Choe Jennie K , Li Yan , Vaghjiani Raj G , Thomas Carlos , Misawa Kyohei , Tan Kay See , Jones David R , Chintala Navin K , Adusumilli Prasad S
Published: June 2023

Background

Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and cancer antigen expression, key factors for the development of immunotherapies, are usually based on the data from primary tumors due to availability of tissue for analysis; data from metastatic sites and their concordance with primary tumor are lacking. Although of the same origin from primary tumor, organ-specific differences in the TIME in metastases may contribute to discordant responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor agents. In immunologically ‘cold’ tumors, cancer antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy can promote tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; however, data on distribution and intensity of cancer antigen expression in primary tumor and matched metastases are unavailable.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of patients who had undergone curative resection of pathological stage I–III primary lung adenocarcinoma from January 1995 to December 2012 followed by metastatic recurrence and resection of metastatic tumor (n=87). We investigated the relationship between the primary tumor and metastasis TIME (ie, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor-associated macrophages, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)) and cancer antigen expression (ie, mesothelin, CA125, and CEACAM6) using multiplex immunofluorescence.

Results

Brain metastases (n=36) were observed to have fewer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and greater PD-L1-negative tumor-associated macrophages compared with the primary tumor (p<0.0001); this relatively inhibitory TIME was not observed in other metastatic sites. In one in three patients, expression of PD-L1 is discordant between primary and metastases. Effector-to-suppressor (E:S) cell ratio, median effector cells (CD20+ and CD3+) to suppressor cells (CD68/CD163+) ratio, in metastases was not significantly different between patients with varying E:S ratios in primary tumors. Cancer antigen distribution was comparable between primary and metastases; among patients with mesothelin, cancer antigen 125, or carcinoembryonic antigen adhesion molecule 6 expression in the primary tumor, the majority (51%–75%) had antigen expression in the metastases; however, antigen-expression intensity was heterogenous.

Conclusions

In patients with lung adenocarcinoma, brain metastases, but not other sites of metastases, exhibited a relatively immune-suppressive TIME; this should be considered in the context of differential response to immunotherapy in brain metastases. Among patients with cancer antigen expression in the primary tumor, the majority had antigen expression in metastases; these data can inform the selection of antigen-targeted CARs to treat patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.
Associations of subcutaneous fat area and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index with survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade
Authors: He Meng , Chen Zi-Fan , Zhang Li , Gao Xiangyu , Chong Xiaoyi , Li Hao-shen , Shen Lin , Ji Jiafu , Zhang Xiaotian , Dong Bin , Li Zi-Yu , Lei Tang
Published: June 2023

Background

Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) and body composition parameters are easily assessed, and can predict overall survival (OS) in various cancers, allowing early intervention. This study aimed to assess the correlation between CT-derived body composition parameters and SII and OS in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving dual programmed death-1 (PD-1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade.

Materials and methods

This retrospective study enrolled patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade from March 2019 to June 2022. We developed a deep learning model based on nnU-Net to automatically segment skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat and visceral fat at the third lumbar level, and calculated the corresponding Skeletal Muscle Index, skeletal muscle density, subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and visceral fat area. SII was computed using the formula that total peripheral platelet count×neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to determine the associations between SII, body composition parameters and OS.

Results

The automatic segmentation deep learning model was developed to efficiently segment body composition in 158 patients (0.23 s/image). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that high SII (HR=2.49 (95% CI 1.54 to 4.01), p<0.001) and high SFA (HR=0.42 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.73), p=0.002) were independently associated with OS, whereas sarcopenia was not an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR=1.41 (95% CI 0.86 to 2.31), p=0.173). In further analysis, patients with high SII and low SFA had worse long-term prognosis compared with those with low SII and high SFA (HR=8.19 (95% CI 3.91 to 17.16), p<0.001).

Conclusion

Pretreatment SFA and SII were significantly associated with OS in patients with advanced gastric cancer. A comprehensive analysis of SII and SFA may improve the prognostic stratification of patients with gastric cancer receiving dual PD-1 and HER2 blockade.
Concurrent immune checkpoint inhibition and selective immunosuppressive therapy in patients with immune-related enterocolitis
Authors: Badran Yousef R , Zou Fangwen , Durbin Sienna M , Dutra Barbara E , Abu-Sbeih Hamzah , Thomas Anusha S , Altan Mehmet , Thompson John A , Qiao Wei , Leet Donna E , Lai Po-Ying , Horick Nora K , Postow Michael A , Faleck David M , Wang Yinghong , Dougan Michael
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is often suspended because of immune-related enterocolitis (irEC). We examined the effect of resumption of ICIs with or without concurrent selective immunosuppressive therapy (SIT) on rates of symptom recurrence and survival outcomes.

Methods

This retrospective, multicenter study examined patients who were treated with ICI and developed irEC requiring SIT (infliximab or vedolizumab) for initial symptom control or to facilitate steroid tapering between May 2015 and June 2020. After symptom resolution, patients were restarted either on ICI alone or on concurrent ICI and SIT at the discretion of the treating physicians. The associations between irEC recurrence and treatment group were assessed via univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression. Cox proportional hazards model was used for survival analysis.

Results

Of the 138 included patients who required SIT for initial irEC symptom control, 61 (44.2%) patients resumed ICI without concurrent SIT (control group) and 77 (55.8%) patients resumed ICI therapy with concurrent SIT: 33 with infliximab and 44 with vedolizumab. After symptom resolution, patients in the control group were more commonly restarted on a different ICI regimen (65.6%) compared with those receiving SIT (31.2%) (p<0.001). The total number of ICI doses administered after irEC resolution and ICI resumption was similar in both groups (four to five doses). Recurrence of severe colitis or diarrhea after ICI resumption was seen in 34.4% of controls compared with 20.8% of patients receiving concurrent SIT. Concurrent SIT was associated with reduced risk of severe irEC recurrence after ICI resumption in a multivariate logistic regression model (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.92; p=0.034). There was no difference in survival outcomes between patients in the control group and patients concurrently treated with SIT.

Conclusion

After resolution of irEC symptoms, reinitiation of ICI with concurrent SIT is safe, reduces severe irEC recurrence, and has no negative impact on survival outcomes.
Drugless and radiographer led: the start of a new era for CT coronary angiography
Authors: Morgan-Hughes Gareth , McNally Rebecca , Gibbs Christopher Gibbs , Iacovides Stelios , Kirat-Rai Prabesh , Thiriphoo Nang , Powell Alison , Stuckey Colin , Thorpe Ross , Mayo Louisa , Roobottom Carl
Published: June 2023

Objective

Since inception CT coronary angiography (CTCA) has required facilitating beta blockers (BB). However, CT technology has improved rapidly as has radiographer and reporter expertise. Using these factors, we instituted a radiographer led cardiac CT service (RLCCTS), without routine BB, which we studied for quality control (QC).

Methods

RLCCTS started October 2021 using a wide detector array CT system, with 20 min slots. QC study was registered with the clinical audit team, University Hospitals Plymouth, CA_2020-21-118. Uniform reporting was agreed including indication, BB administration, demographics, dose length product (DLP) and the coronary artery disease—reporting and data system (CAD-RADS) score. Uncertain CAD-RADS meant a non-diagnostic scan (NDS). Six months of data were collected; stable chest pain (SCP) patients, who have national CTCA QC comparators, were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results

Of 1475 patients, 447 were not SCP patients—known CAD (157); valves (286); removed (4, data incomplete) leaving 1028 SCP patients CTCA for analysis. Demographics—mean age 63 years, body mass index 29, 50.4% women. BB therapy—four patients (two recalls). Overall, 36/1024 or 3.5% were NDS; median DLP 173mGy×cm; mean heart rate (HR) 70 bpm, 99/1024 or 9.7% HR >90 bpm (45% not sinus rhythm).

Conclusions

Quality for RLCCTS was judged by NDS rate and DLP. National QC comparators suggest 4% NDS rate; median DLP for SCPP CTCA 209 mGy×cm. RLCCTS compares favourably. With modern cardiac CT, experienced radiographers and reporters, ‘drugless’ RLCCTS can deliver 20 min slot CTCA with satisfactory QC indicators.
Changes in body weight and body composition in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis aged 65+ treated with 2-year low-dose add-on prednisolone in the randomised double-blind placebo-controlled GLORIA trial
Authors: Güler-Yüksel Melek , Kuijper Martijn , Bos Reinhard , Molenaar Esmeralda , Emmering Jasper , Eshuis Sylvia , Human Adams , Reimann Floor , Boers Maarten , Kok Marc R
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To investigate the effect of 2 years of add-on prednisolone 5 mg/day on body weight and composition in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) aged 65+ and the relation with disease activity.

Methods

The Glucocorticoid Low-dose Outcome in RheumatoId Arthritis trial, a pragmatic, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised controlled trial investigated the balance of benefit and harm of 2 years of prednisolone 5 mg/day added to standard care in 451 patients with active RA aged 65+. In the current study, 449 patients were included, and body weight and Disease Activity Score of 28 Joints were measured at baseline and after 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. In 57 patients, body composition was assessed at baseline and after 2 years with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Data were analysed with longitudinal mixed models.

Results

The mean (95% CI) change in body weight was 0.9 (0.3 to 1.6) kg in the prednisolone group and –0.4 (–1.1 to 0.2) kg in the placebo group (difference 1.3 (0.5–2.2), (p<0.01)). The treatment effect was independent of disease activity suppression and comprised mostly increase in (appendicular) lean mass after 2 years. There was no significant increase in total fat mass, nor redistribution of fat mass from peripheral to central tissues.

Conclusions

Patients with active RA aged 65+ treated with prednisolone 5 mg/day for 2 years gained about 1 kg in weight, compared with minimal—non-significant—weight loss on placebo. Our data suggest that the small increase in weight is mostly lean mass, rather than increase or redistribution of fat mass traditionally associated with glucocorticoid treatment.
Characterisation of prodromal and very early psoriatic arthritis: a systematic literature review informing a EULAR taskforce
Authors: De Marco Gabriele , Zabotti Alen , Baraliakos Xenofon , Iagnocco Annamaria , Aletaha Daniel , Gisondi Paulo , Emmel Jenny , Smolen Josef S , McGonagle Dennis G , Gossec Laure
Published: June 2023

Background

Identifying subjects at risk of imminent psoriatic arthritis (PsA) would allow these subjects to participate in therapeutic interventions to delay or prevent PsA development.

Methods

A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted in 2021 in Medline, Embase, PubMed, Central databases and international congress abstracts (PROSPERO CRD42022255102). All articles reporting the characteristics of patients transitioning from psoriasis (PsO) to PsA and from undifferentiated arthritis (UA) to PsA were included. Clinical and imaging characteristics were collated before PsA onset and at time of PsA diagnosis.

Results

Eighteen of 23 576 references evaluated for PsO/PsA transition were analysed; 14 were cohort studies, 2 case-control studies. Two SLRs were used to enrich the project but were not analysed per se. Of 7873 references focusing on UA to PsA, 3 studies were included. Meta-analysis was not possible due to excessive data heterogeneity. Patients with PsO who developed PsA often reported joint pain, joint tenderness and functional limitations. Arthralgia (PsO, n=669; incident PsA, n=99) was associated with subsequent PsA development. On imaging, subclinical enthesopathy (PsO=325; Incident PsA=39) appeared linked to later PsA development. At the time of PsA onset (incident PsA, N=214), peripheral arthritis, mainly oligo-arthritis (ie, the mean number of swollen joints ranged from 1.5 to 3.2), was the most frequent pattern of clinical presentation.

Conclusions

Joint pain, arthralgia and entheseal involvement detected by imaging were frequent in individuals with PsO at risk for imminent PsA. Very early PsA was mainly oligoarticular. This review informed a EULAR taskforce on transition to PsA.
Measuring treatment outcomes and change in disease activity in giant cell arteritis: a systematic literature review informing the development of the EULAR-ACR response criteria on behalf of the EULAR-ACR response criteria in giant cell arteritis task force
Authors: Sanchez-Alvarez Catalina , Bond Milena , Soowamber Medha , Camellino Dario , Anderson Melanie , Langford Carol A , Dejaco Christian , Touma Zahi , Ramiro Sofia
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To identify criteria and descriptors used to measure response to treatment and change in disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Methods

A systematic literature review (SLR) to retrieve randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal observational studies (LOS). Criteria and descriptors of active disease, remission, response, improvement, worsening and relapse were extracted. RCTs, LOS with >20 subjects, and qualitative research studies were included.

Results

10 593 studies were retrieved, of which 116 were included (11 RCTs, 104 LOS, 1 qualitative study). No unified definition of response to therapy was found. Most RCTs used composite endpoints to assess treatment outcomes. Active disease was described in all RCTs and 19% of LOS; and was largely defined by a combination of clinical and laboratory components. Remission was reported in 73% of RCTs and 42% of LOS; It was predominantly defined as the combination of clinical and laboratory components. One LOS reported response with a definition resembling the definition of remission from other studies. Improvement was rarely used as an endpoint and it was mostly a surrogate of remission. No study specifically defined worsening. Relapse was reported in all RCTs and 86% of LOS. It was predominantly defined as the combination of clinical, laboratory and treatment components.

Conclusions

The results of this SLR demonstrate that definitions of response used in clinical studies of GCA are scant and heterogeneous. RCTs and LOS mainly used remission and relapse as treatment outcomes. The descriptors identified will inform the development of the future European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology-American College of Rheumatology response criteria for GCA.
Does the climate influence the variance of residual in litter traits of Taiwan Landrace sows?
Authors: Lin Kai-Hsiang , Wu Ruei-Syuan , Lin En-Chung
Published: June 2023

Heat stress adversely affects the litter traits of Landrace, the primary dam breed in Taiwan. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of heat stress during sow pregnancy with homogeneous and heterogeneous residuals to estimate the genetic parameters of the Taiwan Landrace. Performance records for 11 657 litters and weather data from 2008 to 2021 were collected. The climate effect was defined proportionally from cool to hot for climates 1 to 5. The homogeneous residual analysis showed that the heritabilities of the total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA) were 0.164 ± 0.014 and 0.111 ± 0.014 with residual variances of 10.338 and 9.164, respectively. The heterogeneous residual analysis showed that the residual variances for TNB and NBA were 8.934–11.113 and 8.196–9.810, respectively. For TNB, the residual variance in the herd–year–climate effect differed significantly in climate 1 from climates 3 to 5 ( p < 0.01). In NBA, the residual variance was significantly lower in climates 1 and 2 than in climates 3 and 5 ( p < 0.01). In conclusion, heritability was estimated for TNB and NBA. In addition, residual variances could interact with the climate effect in heterogeneous residual analysis.
An assessment of contaminants in bison (Bison bison athabascae) in the Peace-Athabasca region
Authors: Wilcox Alana A. E. , Jurasek Megan , Mallory Conor D. , Shury Todd K. , Thomas Philippe J. , Soos Catherine , Provencher Jennifer F.
Published: June 2023

Oil production activities have remained contentious in Canada due to the risk of contaminant exposure and environmental impacts. However, despite recent advances in monitoring, there is a lack of information on contaminant exposure and its associated impacts for many species at risk. The threat from contaminants to wood bison ( Bison bison athabascae) in the Peace-Athabasca region, located principally in northeastern Alberta, is of particular concern, given the small size of the at-risk herds and the potential combined impacts of various stressors, including contaminants, disease, and climate change. Here, we review the available literature on contaminants in wood bison in the Peace-Athabasca region, extracting information on objectives, study design, location, contaminants, and analytic methods. We found six articles that assessed contaminants in wood bison and showed that, in the oil sands region, the species is exposed to a multitude of chemical contaminants. In particular, heavy metals, including arsenic, cadmium, lead, and inorganic mercury, were analyzed most often in bison kidney, liver, and muscle tissue. We also provide a comparison of the type and levels of heavy metals in wood bison and moose ( Alces alces). We found that articles on wood bison were dated relative to moose (i.e., mostly pre-1990s) and that fewer heavy metals and tissue types were assessed. Lastly, we discuss the gaps in knowledge on select heavy metals in these species and the known effects on human health. Overall, our results suggest that more research and monitoring are needed to understand the threats to wood bison, interacting and cumulative effects, and potential concerns related to human health and well-being for communities that rely on wood bison as a traditional food source.
Structural transformations and non-equilibrium phenomena in multicomponent disordered systems
Authors: Toropova Liubov V. , Nizovtseva Irina G.
Published: June 2023

The issue is devoted to theoretical, computational, and experimental studies of phase and structural transitions and non-equilibrium phenomena (phase transformations, heat generation, rheology, and relaxation phenomena) in disordered systems, e.g., composite and metastable materials, biological tissues and systems; polymer and other soft materials; amorphous and glass-forming systems, as well as multicomponent melts. Special attention is paid to the detailed microscopical study of various phenomena in the aforementioned systems.
Peeling for tensorial wave equations on Schwarzschild spacetime
Authors: Pham Truong Xuan
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we establish the asymptotic behavior along outgoing and incoming radial geodesics, i.e. the peeling property for the tensorial Fackerell–Ipser and spin [Formula: see text] Teukolsky equations on Schwarzschild spacetime. Our method combines a conformal compactification with vector field techniques to prove the two-side estimates of the energies of tensorial fields through the future and past null infinity [Formula: see text] and the initial Cauchy hypersurface [Formula: see text] in a neighborhood of spacelike infinity [Formula: see text] far away from the horizon and future timelike infinity. Our results obtain the optimal initial data which guarantees the peeling at all orders.
Universal magnetoresistance of a quasi-two-dimensional conductor in perpendicular electric and parallel magnetic fields
Authors: Lebed Andrei G.
Published: June 2023

Some times ago, in the framework of the Boltzmann kinetic equation in the so-called [Formula: see text]-approximation, it was shown that perpendicular resistivity in quasi-two-dimensional (Q2D) conductors can be impurity independent in a broad range of high parallel magnetic fields [A. G. Lebed and N. N. Bagmet, Phys. Rev. B 55 (1997) R8654]. In this paper, we demonstrate that this result is much more general than the Boltzmann kinetic equation in the [Formula: see text]-approximation and is valid in a pure Q2D metal at low frequencies of the electric field. The above-mentioned statement open possibilities to test the above discussed phenomenon in a number of Q2D organic, high-Tc, and some other Q2D superconductors in their metallic phases and gives a method to extract some important information about their Q2D Fermi surfaces.
Towards Exogenous Coordination of Concurrent Cloud Applications
Authors: Le-Khanh Trinh , Nguyen Hoang-Gia , Bliudze Simon , Merle Philippe
Published: June 2023

Cloud computing offers opportunities to increase productivity and reduce costs. Quickly adapting to changing needs is key to maintaining cloud applications. In traditional development, coordination is implemented in computational code. Although change impact analyses are studied, adjusting the implementation is time-consuming and error-prone when the coordination strategy changes. Exogenous coordination separates the implemented coordination and computational code to cope with this problem. This separation improves the reusability of components. Additionally, other applications with similar interaction patterns can reuse the coordination specification. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a methodology to develop and maintain cloud applications following the exogenous approach. To illustrate the idea, we introduce a new framework named OCCIwareBIP, which integrates JavaBIP — a framework for the exogenous coordination of concurrent Java components into OCCIware — a framework for designing cloud applications. We also leverage the coordination model to verify the deadlock-freedom of the cloud application. Finally, we present an application to show the ability of our approach to guarantee the safety and benefits of modularization in developing concurrent cloud applications.
WEAR, CORROSION AND HARDNESS ANALYSIS OF WC10Co4Cr AND WC10Co4Cr+GNPs COATING ON ASTM-A479 STEEL
Authors: KUMAR VIJAY , VERMA RAJEEV
Published: June 2023

In this study, WC10Co4Cr (particle size [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m) and WC10Co4Cr+Graphen nano-platelets (GNPs) of particle size [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m cermet coatings were deposited on an ASTM A479 steel substrate utilising the High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) technique. The wear and corrosion of coated and uncoated surfaces were studied using the pin-on-disc and salt spray testing methods, respectively, and the micro-hardness of the cross-sections was tested using a Vickers micro-hardness testing machine at an applied force of 10[Formula: see text]N. Further, surface morphology of coated and uncoated substrate was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microscopic images. The analysis revealed that WC-10Co-[Formula: see text]-coated (C2) surfaces outperformed WC10Co4Cr coated (C1) surfaces in terms of wear resistance.
PEDIATRIC KYPHOSIS
Authors: Chang Ting-Kuo , Huang Yu-Ching , Tzeng Shiau-Tzu
Published: June 2023

Pediatric kyphosis is a specific disease entity of sagittal plane back deformity in pediatric and adolescent patients. Smooth round kyphosis is frequently encountered in this age and it can be differentiated as posture kyphosis and Scheuermann’s disease. Other types of kyphosis include syndromic kyphosis, congenital kyphosis and miscellaneous causes. In this paper, we will discuss the diagnosis and evaluation methods, treatment options and surgery for pediatric kyphosis. The doctors should be familiar with different surgical approach and osteotomy methods to facilitate prognosis, minimize complications and improve patient’s quality of life.
NEURAL NETWORK PREDICTIVE MODELS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF BLOOD COMPOSITION ON THE PATIENT-SPECIFIC ANEURYSM
Authors: QUADROS JAIMON DENNIS , PAHLAVANI HAMED , OZDEMIR I. BEDII , MOGUL YAKUB IQBAL
Published: June 2023

Using the data obtained from the computational fluid dynamics simulations, a back-propagation neural network model was developed to predict the velocity magnitudes and the instantaneous wall shear stresses in two patient-specific aneurysms. The models were also used to determine the effect of the blood composition on the rapture risk of the aneurysms. Based on the possible combination, five back propagation models were developed. The architecture of five models is determined based on number of neurons in the hidden layer. All the models in each algorithm were trained and tested. The accuracy of the developed models was evaluated through statistical analysis of the network output in terms of mean absolute error, root mean squared error, mean squared error, and error deviation. According to the results obtained, all BPA effectively predicted velocity magnitude and instantaneous wall shear stress. Model 1 was, however, less accurate when compared to the other five models, as it had one neuron in its hidden layer. The analysis confirms that the neuron number in the hidden layer play a definitive role in predicting the respective outputs. The performance assessment all of the back-propagation models revealed that the error incurred was acceptable. The algorithms’ training and testing in this study were satisfactory, since the network output was in reasonably good conformity with the target computational fluid dynamics result.
Compact and robust dual-color linearly polarized illumination source for three-photon fluorescence imaging
Authors: Song Jiazheng , Zhang Yanyan , Liu Yuanshan
Published: June 2023

The miniaturized femtosecond laser in near infrared-II region is the core equipment of three-photon microscopy. In this paper, we design a compact and robust illumination source that emits dual-color linearly polarized light for three-photon microscopy. Based on an all-polarization-maintaining passive mode-locked fiber laser, we shift the center wavelength of the pulses to the 1.7[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m band utilizing cascade Raman effect, thereby generate dual-wavelength pulses. To enhance clarity, the two wavelengths are separated through the graded-index multimode fiber. Then we obtain the dual-pulse sequences with 1639.4[Formula: see text]nm and 1683.7[Formula: see text]nm wavelengths, 920[Formula: see text]fs pulse duration, and 23.75[Formula: see text]MHz pulse repetition rate. The average power of the signal is 53.64[Formula: see text]mW, corresponding to a single pulse energy of 2.25[Formula: see text]nJ. This illumination source can be further amplified and compressed for three-photon fluorescence imaging, especially dual-color three-photon fluorescence imaging, making it an ideal option for biomedical applications.
Burning number of Jahangir graphs
Authors: Torun Nilay , Akyar Emrah
Published: June 2023

In this study, graph burning, a deterministic discrete time graph process that can be interpreted as a model for spreading influence in social networks, is considered. The minimum number of steps in a graph-burning process is called the burning number of that graph. Intrinsically, the burning number of the Jahangir graph was examined, and then the path forests whose vertices are already burned were studied. As a result, the burning numbers of cycles with a single chord and theta graphs were obtained.
On discrete properties of monotone mappings
Authors: Halušková Emília
Published: June 2023

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be a partial order on [Formula: see text]. We deal with properties of oriented graphs which correspond to the algebra [Formula: see text] in the case that [Formula: see text] is monotone with respect to [Formula: see text]. We derive that every mono-unary algebra except connected one with a cycle of odd length has the property that there exists a nontrivial partial order such that [Formula: see text] is monotone with respect to it. All mono-unary algebras such that there exists a linear order such that [Formula: see text] is monotone with respect to this order will be described; if the number of components of [Formula: see text] is infinite, then the number of such orders is equal to the cardinality of the power set of [Formula: see text].
Isotopic and geochemical characteristics of mid- to-late-Miocene continental and oceanic arc volcanic and intrusive rocks, central North Island and offshore, New Zealand
Authors: Cousens Brian L. , Timm Christian , Abraham Ashley , Trenkler Matthew , Boame Michael M. , Papanicolaou Euri , Spencer Joey , Lacoursiere Anique , Emon Quinn
Published: June 2023

Mid- to late-Miocene continental arc volcanism on the North Island of New Zealand is found in the Coromandel Peninsula, the Kiwitahi volcanic chain and the Taranaki Basin (Kora Volcano) offshore the western margin of the North Island. Coeval oceanic arc volcanism is also found along the offshore Colville Ridge/Kermadec Ridge north of New Zealand. This Pb–Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic study aims to evaluate mantle sources and potential crustal contaminants along these sections of the Miocene arc system. The Colville/Kermadec Ridge and Kora lavas have the lowest Sr (0.7029–0.7045) and highest Nd (0.51305–0.51292) ratios; the Coromandel and Kiwitahi lavas overlap (Sr = 0.704–0.706; Nd = 0.51268–0.51296). The Colville/Kermadec Ridge, Kora, and Coromandel/Kiwitahi rocks form three distinct arrays on Pb–Pb plots, all above the Northern Hemisphere Reference Line, but none trend towards local Mesozoic basement greywackes. Isotopic and trace element ratio variations suggest that subducted sediments are a component in Coromandel/Kiwitahi mafic lava sources. The younger, southern Kiwitahi lavas have a more depleted mantle source than that for the older, northern Kiwitahi chain. Evolved lavas commonly have interacted with Waipapa basement rocks. Kora rocks have compositions similar to those of back-arc lavas and have been emplaced as sills in a rift environment above a distinct subduction-modified mantle.
Multi-modal Chinese Text Emotion Metaphor Computation Based on Mutual Information and Information Entropy
Authors: Zeng Zhifa , Li Yuhang
Published: June 2023

Metaphor is to express another thing through one thing, it is not only a rhetorical means, but also embodies a kind of analogical cognition and way of thinking of people. In recent years, metaphors have made more and more progress in Chinese language recognition, so their status has gradually risen. Chinese language sentiment analysis is a relatively difficult problem in language processing. Chinese language semantics is ambiguous and complex, so it is a great challenge to construct Chinese Emotion structure. In this paper, Chinese nouns and Chinese verbs are used as test samples to conduct metaphor test calculation. The test results of mutual information and information entropy show that for the sample metaphor calculation, the correct rate of individual words is less than 70%. The ratio between the macro-average of gerund words and the baseline fluctuates relatively large. The metaphor recognition of nouns is about 20% higher than the original test results and about 10% higher for verbs. It shows that under the action of mutual information and information entropy, the metaphor recognition performance of the basic structure of Chinese Emotion constructed from the perspective of metaphor is improved, and further illustrates the feasibility of mutual information and information entropy algorithm for building the basic structure.
Kaki: Efficient Concurrent Update Synthesis for SDN
Authors: Johansen Nicklas S. , Kær Lasse B. , Madsen Andreas L. , Nielsen Kristian Ø. , Srba Jiří , Tollund Rasmus G.
Published: June 2023

Modern computer networks based on the software-defined networking (SDN) paradigm are becoming increasingly complex and often require frequent configuration changes in order to react to traffic fluctuations. It is essential that forwarding policies are preserved not only before and after the configuration update but also at any moment during the inherently distributed execution of such an update. We present Kaki, a Petri game based tool for automatic synthesis of switch batches which can be updated in parallel without violating a given (regular) forwarding policy like waypointing or service chaining. Kaki guarantees to find the minimum number of concurrent batches and supports both splittable and nonsplittable flow forwarding. In order to achieve optimal performance, we introduce two novel optimisation techniques based on static analysis: decomposition into independent subproblems and identification of switches that can be collectively updated in the same batch. These techniques considerably improve the performance of our tool Kaki, relying on TAPAAL’s verification engine for Petri games as its backend. Experiments on a large benchmark of real networks from the Internet Topology Zoo database demonstrate that Kaki outperforms the state-of-the-art tools Netstack and FLIP. Kaki computes concurrent update synthesis significantly faster than Netstack and compared to FLIP, it provides shorter (and provably optimal) concurrent update sequences at similar runtimes.
Exposure to unmethylated CpG oligonucleotides disrupts blood pressure circadian rhythms and placental clock gene network in pregnant rats
Authors: Bradshaw Jessica L. , Cushen Spencer C. , Ricci Contessa A. , Tucker Selina M. , Gardner Jennifer J. , Little Joel T. , Osikoya Oluwatobiloba , Goulopoulou Styliani
Published: June 2023

Gestational exposure to unmethylated CpG ODN dysregulates placental molecular clock network and fetoplacental growth dynamics and disrupts blood pressure circadian rhythms. These findings provide novel insights into the relationship between circadian rhythms and immune responses in pregnancy and propose new mechanisms by which maternal responses to immune triggers could dictate circadian rhythms of cardiovascular processes and placental clock machinery function to determine fetal growth trajectories.
Detection of Surface Defects of Magnetic Tiles Based on Improved YOLOv5
Authors: Li Yan , Fang Juanyan
Published: June 2023

The typical defect detection algorithm is ineffective due to the contrast between the magnetic tile defect and the various defect features. An improved YOLOv5‐based algorithm, for detecting magnetic tile defects with varying defect features, is suggested. The procedure begins by incorporating the CBAM into feature extraction network of YOLOv5. It improves the feature of network learning capabilities for the target region by filtering and weighting the feature vectors in such a way that the processing of network is dominated by the essential target characteristics. A new loss function of detection model is then proposed according to the properties of the magnetic tile picture, and the confidence of prediction box is increased. Data augmentation technologies are introduced to increase the number of data samples. Based on magnetic tile defect datasets, the evaluation results have shown that the precision of the proposed approach is 98.56%, 3.21%, and 7.22% greater than the original YOLOv5 and Faster R‐CNN, respectively, all of which demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method.
The Spliceosome Factor EFTUD2 Promotes IFN Anti-HBV Effect through mRNA Splicing
Authors: Hu Pingping , Li Yuwen , Zhang Wen , Liu Rui , Peng Linya , Xu Ruirui , Cai Jinyuan , Yuan Hui , Feng Tiantong , Tian Anran , Yue Ming , Li Jun , Li Wenting , Zhu Chuanlong
Published: June 2023

Background/Aims. The underlying mechanisms of differential responsiveness to IFN remain poorly understood. The elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain-containing protein 2 (EFTUD2), involved in RNA splicing and pre-mRNA processing, was recognized as a novel innate immune regulator of the IFN antihepatitis C virus (HCV) effect. The aim of this study is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying EFTUD2’s involvement in IFN-mediated anti-HBV responses. Methods. Using a CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system, EFTUD2 single allele knockout HepG2.2.15 cells were constructed. Subsequently, the HBV biomarkers in EFTUD2+/– HepG2.2.15 cells and wild-type (WT) cells with or without IFN-α treatment were detected. And the EFTUD2-regulated genes were then identified using mRNA sequence. Selected gene mRNA variants and their proteins were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. To confirm the effects of EFTUD2 on HBV replication and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, a rescue experiment in EFTUD2+/– HepG2.2.15 cells was performed by EFTUD2 overexpression. Results. IFN-induced anti-HBV activity was found to be restricted in EFTUD2+/– HepG2.2.15 cells. The mRNA sequence showed that EFTUD2 could regulate classical IFN and virus response genes. Mechanistically, EFTUD2 single allele knockout decreased the expression of ISG-encoded proteins, comprising Mx1, OAS1, and PKR (EIF2AK2), through mediated gene splicing. However, EFTUD2 did not affect the expression of Jak-STAT pathway genes. Furthermore, EFTUD2 overexpression could restore the attenuation of IFN anti-HBV activity and the reduction of ISG resulting from EFTUD2 single allele knockout. Conclusion. EFTUD2, the spliceosome factor, is not IFN-inducible but is an IFN effector gene. EFTUD2 mediates IFN anti-HBV effect through regulation of gene splicing for certain ISGs, including Mx1, OAS1, and PKR. EFTUD2 does not affect IFN receptors or canonical signal transduction components. Therefore, it can be concluded that EFTUD2 regulates ISGs using a novel, nonclassical mechanism.
Management of Impacted Maxillary Canine with Immediate Implant and Sticky Bone Auto Tooth Graft
Authors: Albatal Wajeha , Qasem Tarek , Jaalouk Jihad , Khaddour Ghaidaa , Alsayed Tolibah Yasser
Published: June 2023

The management of the upper impacted canines includes a range of options, including orthodontic options in their various forms, up to extraction and replacing the tooth with a dental implant. Auto tooth graft (ATG) has achieved good clinical efficacy and was recently used as a grafting material for its bone induction and conduction properties. The use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is highly effective in regenerative dentistry, and its use with bone grafts has improved tissue healing. This case report shows for the first time managing impacted canine with extraction and converting it into ATG and mixing it with injectable PRF to obtain sticky bone ATG and insertion of an immediate implant in a female patient who complains about a missing upper left canine. The results show the good bone formation and satisfactory clinical aspects.
Diabetes-Related Quality of Life Assessment in Children following Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplantation
Authors: Redel Jacob M. , Hornung Lindsey , Elder Deborah , Nathan Jaimie D. , Corathers Sarah , Rich Kristin L. , Abu-El-Haija Maisam
Published: June 2023

Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) can improve pain and reduce functional impairment associated with acute recurrent or chronic pancreatitis. However, long-term glucose monitoring and insulin therapy are often required, which can adversely affect the quality of life. We sought to evaluate diabetes-related quality of life (DR-QOL) in youth who underwent TPIAT and compare it to the youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 3.2 Diabetes Module (PedsQL™ DM) was used to assess DR-QOL in 46 youth (<20 years old) who underwent TPIAT. The PedsQL™ DM scores were analyzed for statistically significant changes and minimally important clinical differences (MCID) over time post-TPIAT. Scores at 12 months (n = 29) and 24 months (n = 16) were then compared to PedsQL™ DM scores from a historical cohort of demographically similar (age and sex) youth with a 12 months (n = 52) and 24 months (n = 58) after diagnosis of T1D. The diabetes symptoms summary score (mean 65 to 57 and

p
=
0.03

) and the total score (mean 74 to 68 and

p
<
0.05

) decreased (worsened) during the first 24 months post-TPIAT and met the MCID threshold, suggesting the decrease in these scores was clinically significant. Post-TPIAT PedsQL™ DM scores were not significantly different than youth new diagnosis of T1D after 24 months (all

p
>
0.2

). In youth who underwent TPIAT, DR-QOL worsened over the first two years, mostly attributable to the diabetes symptoms score. Compared to children with T1D, post-TPIAT DR-QOL was similar two years after diabetes onset.
Exponential and Polynomial Decay Rates of a Porous Elastic System with Thermal Damping
Authors: Li Haiyan , Feng Baowei
Published: June 2023

This paper concerns a linear porous thermoelastic system, where the heat conduction is given by Cattaneo’s law. By using the theory of the semigroup of the linear operator, the well-posedness is proven. By constructing some suitable multipliers, we establish exponential and polynomial decay rates of the system depending on a stability number

π

. In addition, we remove the assumption that the constant

b

is positive in the previous works, which extends some existing results in the literature.
Research and Application of Rock Burst Hazard Assessment of the Working Face Based on the CF-TOPSIS Method
Authors: Zhu Feng , Song Haowei , Huang Bingxiang , Hu Binxin , Li Siqi , Song Guangdong , Zhang Hua , Liu Tongyu , Ma Fuwu
Published: June 2023

Coal mining activities have intensified, and underground mining depths have increased, posing significant challenges for mitigating rock burst hazard. To address this issue, this paper proposes an improved comprehensive weighting prediction (CF-TOPSIS) method that predicts weight and grade indices for rock burst evaluation. The study introduces a novel variable coefficient method to optimize the conflict response problem and employs correlation forward and other techniques to minimize errors caused by large data differences. Based on these, the CRITIC objective weight algorithm model is established, and FAHP is used to optimize weighting factors to make the index weight of rock burst more reasonable, thus enhancing the accuracy of hazard assessment for working faces. Results from engineering examples show that the prediction results combined with field drill cutting methods and microseismic monitoring data verify the accuracy of the proposed method, indicating its feasibility and effectiveness in predicting rock burst hazard in underground coal mines.
Galectin-3 Plays an Important Role in BMP7-Induced Cementoblastic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells by Interacting with Extracellular Components
Authors: Choi Min-Jeong , You Tae Min , Jang Young-Joo
Published: June 2023

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) contain multipotent postnatal stem cells that differentiate into PDL progenitors, osteoblasts, and cementoblasts. Previously, we obtained cementoblast-like cells from hPDLSCs using bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) treatment. Differentiation into appropriate progenitor cells requires interactions and changes between stem or progenitor cells and their so-called environment niches, and cell surface markers play an important role. However, cementoblast-specific cell surface markers have not yet been fully studied. Through decoy immunization with intact cementoblasts, we developed a series of monoclonal antibodies against cementoblast-specific membrane/extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. One of these antibodies, the anti-CM3 antibody, recognized an approximate 30 kDa protein in a mouse cementoblast cell line, and the CM3 antigenic molecule accumulated in the cementum region of human tooth roots. Using mass spectrometric analysis, we found that the antigenic molecules recognized by the anti-CM3 antibody were galectin-3. As cementoblastic differentiation progressed, the expression of galectin-3 increased, and it localized at the cell surface. Inhibition of galectin-3 via siRNA and a specific inhibitor showed the complete blockage of cementoblastic differentiation and mineralization. In contrast, ectopic expression of galectin-3 induced cementoblastic differentiation. Galectin-3 interacted with laminin α2 and BMP7, and these interactions were diminished by galectin-3 inhibitors. These results suggested that galectin-3 participates in binding to the ECM component and trapping BMP7 to induce, in a sustained fashion, the upregulation of cementoblastic differentiation. Finally, galectin-3 could be a potential cementoblast-specific cell surface marker, with functional importance in cell-to-ECM interactions.
Halloysite@polydopamine/ZIF-8 Nanocomposites for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Jiao Linhong , Feng Huixia , Chen Nali
Published: June 2023

In this study, polymeric nanocomposites of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) were synthesized by assembly of a biomimetic polymer-polydopamine (PDA)onto halloysite nanotubes (HNTs@PDA), followed by the in situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) on the surface of HNTs@PDA. The obtained nanocomposites (HNTs@PDA/ZIF-8) prevented agglomeration of ZIFs and increased the number of active sites derived from PDA. The factors influencing heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+) adsorption by HNTs@PDA/ZIF-8 were discussed. The Langmuir model was able to well describe the adsorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity of HNTs@PDA/ZIF-8 was calculated to be 285.00 mg/g for Cu2+, 515.00 mg/g for Pb2+, 185 mg/g for Cd2+ and 112.5 mg/g for Ni2+. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption was exothermic and spontaneous. Moreover, HNTs@PDA/ZIF-8 has good regenerability, which is very important in practical applications. The adsorption mechanism study showed that electrostatic attraction, coordination reactions and ion-exchange were the main mechanisms between the adsorbents and heavy metal ions. Hence, HNTs@PDA/ZIF-8 is a promising candidate for removing heavy metal ions from wastewater.