bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONDITIONINGS OF SUMMER TOURISM OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE FOR THE PURPOSE OF ADVENTURE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: WŁASTOWSKI ŁUKASZ , GÓRSKA-WARSEWICZ HANNA
Published: November 2022

Development of summer tourism of children and young people is determined by various factors including economic, pedagogical, educational and legal conditionings. The objective of this study is to present selected aspects related with summer tourism of children and young people including frequency of trips, preferred destinations as well as importance of features for evaluation of summer trip. The special attention was given to selection of preferred summer trip including leisure trip, thematic trip with interests developing, film trip, sport trip as well as tourism trip with sightseeing.
BRAND AND EMPLOYER BRANDING
Authors: WOŹNIAK JACEK , ŁUBIEŃSKA KATARZYNA
Published: November 2022

In consumer goods theory, we often find the assertion that producers of recognizable brands may receive a price 40% higher for their product than producers of analogous unknown brands. The goal of the text is to analyze how the effect of various kinds of information about a company can balance its lower prestige. Configurations of two factors – opportunities for promotion and remuneration levels – were researched.Data from a questionnaire study was collected from two demographically similar samples of ca. 50 potential employees in Poland, one group working for Coca Cola HBC and the second for “no-name” companies. The open questions showed that both groups of subjects declare they are influenced by similar groups of factors in choosing employers. Prestige of the employing company was not indicated by either group as a significant criterion for choosing a place of work.The forced-choice questions showed that one of several criteria has to be met for over 50% of the respondents to choose to work for a “no-name” company: promotion opportunities must increase by at least 1/3; a managerial post with a 1000 zloty higher salary is on offer; or the salary offered must be at least 1000 zloty higher. As anticipated, Coca Cola employees expected more from a “no-name” company, if they were to start work for it. Finally, the study showed that Coca Cola employees would choose work for a less well-known company on condition that they are paid 54% more than their current salary, while subjects working for average (“no-name”) companies – 44% more. The study therefore confirms the suggestion that companies with recognizable brands can pay their employees and offer their candidates less than companies with less well-known brands. The study also showed that how the question is formulated is of significance for assessing whether candidates take a given criterion into consideration when choosing their place of work.
THE SWOT ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR STRATEGIC CHOICES – THE CASE STUDY
Authors: MIERZWA DANUTA , GOLISZEK BARTOSZ
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article was to show the interaction of a construction industry company with the surrounding environment. The main research tool was the SWOT and TAWS analysis, which allowed to carry out the selection of development strategies under certain conditions. The results of the analysis clearly showed that the research firm should change its strategy & become more aggressive. It has the potential and the opportunity to develop further, provided the entrepreneur demonstrates a more entrepreneurial and risk-taking attitude.
INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT AS A DETERMINANT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURA 2000 AREAS IN THE OPINION OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: PALUCH ŁUKASZ , PŁONKA ALEKSANDRA
Published: November 2022

The paper attempt to depict the opinion and expectations of the local communities in the context of the need was made at establishing the new institution in order to prepare residents to active participation (enhanced social participation) in steps taken by the authorities and the institutional environment to foster sustainable growth of local government units in Poland which are characterized by high proportions of environmentally sensitive areas. An interview questionnaire was the tool used to acquire information and empirical data, with a set of questions divided into categories. A survey with the use of the questionnaire was conducted among 400 respondents representing four local population groups. The geographic range of the research project covered four communes located in Małopolskie Voivodeship, namely: Krynica Zdrój, Łabowa, Muszyna and Piwniczna Zdrój. The studies carried out during 2014-2015 and analysis of their results constitute one of the stages that provide grounds for attempting at development of a management model based on the objectives and rules of sustainable development that would serve the purpose of mitigating existing and future social issues or conflicts between socio-economic growth and environmental protection in environmentally sensitive areas.
EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN FUNDS ON THE MULTIFUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF FARMS AND RURAL AREAS IN NORTHERN-EAST POLAND
Authors: RUDNICKI ROMAN , WIŚNIEWSKI ŁUKASZ , DUBOWNIK ANNA , KLUBA MIECZYSŁAW
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article is to evaluate spatial diversification in the use of resources as well as the impact of the resources in measure "Diversification into non-agricultural activities" RDP 2007-2013 on the development of farms and rural areas. The basis of the research was 205 rural and urban-rural communes in Podlaskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeships. The results were regarded to external conditioning of the agricultural development: natural, historical and the level of socio-economic development. The data from ARMA, NAC 2010, and LDB [Central Statistical Office] were used.The research proved very strong spatial diversification in the use of resources as well as influence of resources in discussed measure. The positive assessments concern mainly southern-east parts of the analyzed voivodeships. There were not any projects realized in 12 communes. The distinct leader in usage of the funds turned out to be Janowiec Kościelny commune.
TEAM LEADER STYLE AS A FACTOR FACILITATING E-LEARNING ACCEPTANCE IN A MANDATORY ENVIRONMENT
Authors: WOŹNIAK JACEK
Published: November 2022

E-learning usage – understood as the adaptation of a new (specific, i.e. learning-related) technology – is usually analyses by TAM model (or its versions) in environments where it is voluntary. A different set of rules and problems in the full adaptation of the technology should be expected in conditions where the use of these tools is mandatory. Specifically, in the case of organizations in which e-learning courses are obligatory and passing he final test of the course is monitored by supervisors, the typical approach to research into adapting technologies by humans –leading from beliefs, through attitudes, to intention to apply, up to apply the technology to fullest extend and in a permanent manner – is insufficient. The article analyses the influence of managerial activities on satisfaction of mandatory users on individual and team level, based on 104 responses for e-questionnaire from 10 teams in a financial company in Poland, where specific type of e-learning courses (short technical knowledge courses employees participate in every day) are obligatory. The results shows importance of managerial support for e-learning as a factor influencing declaration of it voluntary adaptation on individual and team level.
ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL SITUATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS GROUPS (CASE STUDY)
Authors: GOSZKA WITOLD , PRUS PIOTR
Published: November 2022

This article discusses the economic and financial situation of a selected group of agricultural producers from the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodship “Kujawsko-Pomorski Tytoń” Spółka z o. o. (LLC). Based on the collected data a multi-faceted analysis and assessment of the financial condition of the group in 2011-2015 was conducted. Authors noted the dynamics of changes in basic economic and financial parameters of the company and made calculations of selected indicators.
SUPPLY OF FARM INPUTS ON FARMS IN MAZOWIECKIE VOIVODSHIP
Authors: OLEWNICKI DAWID , SOBCZAK ANNA
Published: November 2022

The aim of research was to evaluate the supply of farm inputs in agricultural farms from the Mazowieckie Voivodeship. The research shows that farmers most often choose agricultural stores and wholesalers. On the other hand, in the case of fixed assets, the most common place of purchase are wholesalers. The most common form of purchase is also contact with a salesrepresentative. In the Internet era, an increasingly popular form of procurement is online ordering. Research also indicated that in the past three years, the most frequently purchased fixed assets were agricultural tractors, which acquired as much as 40% of the farms surveyed.
INTERNET EXPERIENCE AS A TRUST ACENDANCE IN M-COMMERCE
Authors: WOŹNIAK JACEK
Published: November 2022

Literature stress, that different m-markets have specific dynamics and pattern, and there is lack of research based on central European experiences. The article presents discussions about m-commerce in Poland and presents results of a questionnaire study of opinion of 155Poles about their readiness to give personal data for free of charge download of attractive mobile smartphone application. More Internet experienced respondents more frequent then less internet experience respondents resign from transaction, as well as situational context plays role in frequency of mpurchase among of more and less experienced respondents, but safety signals (hard or soft) does not. Discussion of these results are presented and some recommendation formulated, as well as future research agenda.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY RESPOND TO THE PRINCIPLES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - FASHION OR OBLIGATION
Authors: OZIMEK IRENA , BOBOLA AGNIESZKA , SZLACHCIUK JULITA
Published: November 2022

The objective of the present work was to analyze the knowledge and recognition of the responsible business strategy among Polish consumers and entrepreneurs and to quantify the selected initiatives evaluating CSR activities of enterprises. It is important to note that the idea of corporate social responsibility is appreciated both by consumers and by entrepreneurs. The number of reported good practices is increasing year by year, with more and more companies reporting socially, and the number of companies participating in the ranking of responsible companies and those qualified by the WSE to Respect Index are still stable.
SOME ISSUES OF AIC AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: SAIGANOV ANATOLI , ZAPRUDSKAYA TATSIANA
Published: November 2022

The modern state, an assessment of the prevailing trends in the developmentof agricultural production and to develop concrete recommendations for improving thefunctioning of agro-industrial complex.
IMPLICATIONS OF LIBERALIZING THE ISO 9001:2015 STANDARD REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING DOCUMENTING THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: SZKIEL AGATA
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is an attempt to determine and assess the impact of changing theISO 9001:2015 standard requirements concerning the quality management system’s documentationon the efficiency of the systems implemented in organizations, but also the process of assessingthem in terms of internal and external audits. The first part of the article discusses the changes in therequirements concerning documenting the quality management system in terms of specific editionsof the ISO 9001 standard. Then what is discussed are the advantages possible to be achieved byorganizations due to increasing the flexibility of the requirements concerning documenting thesystem. The following part discusses the impact which the changes made to the requirementsconcerning documenting the system have on the processes of their assessment, in terms of whatcompetences are expected of auditors, and collecting by the auditors evidence confirming meetingthe requirements.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND
Authors: ŁĄCKA IRENA
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the problem of social exclusion in rural areas in Poland as well as theuse of social entrepreneurship to limit it. The purposes of this paper is to present theoretical aspects ofsocial and economic exclusion (especially in the countryside) as well as social entrepreneurship.In addition, the study discusses the socio-economic situation in rural areas of WestPomerania and social cooperatives operating there. The article also presents the conditions for theircreation and an example of such an enterprise in the Choszczno powiat. While working on theresearch problem, national and foreign literature as well as public statistics data were used. Amongthe applied research methods are: literature study, comparative analysis and descriptive method.
SUSTAINABILITY AS A STRATEGIC TREND IN SUPPLY CHAIN DEVELOPMENT
Authors: KAWECKA AGNIESZKA
Published: November 2022

The idea of sustainable development translates into all branches of the economy, including logistics.Activities in the supply chain such as: raw materials acquisition, production, distribution,transportation and storage have an impact on the environment and society. Supply ChainManagement is a concept of managing relationships with suppliers, clients, and consumers toprovide the highest customer value at the lowest cost of the entire chain. This value can be differentlyunderstood by different clients, depending on their awareness, such value can also be valueassociated with the goals of sustainable development.There are concepts that can be used for strategic management in companies to improve theirperformance in achieving sustainable development goals, the most appropriate ones are CorporateSocial Responsibility and Sustainable Supply Chain Management.
UNCONVENTIONAL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF TREATMENT IN ORGANIC FARMING AND PROCESSING THE EFFECTS OF SONICATION ON THE HARDNESS OF SHORTCAKES
Authors: WESOŁOWSKI ANDRZEJ , SIEMIANOWSKA EWA
Published: November 2022

This study analyzed the effects of the action of ultrasounds with various frequencies onhardness of shortcakes originating from organic raw materials and processing. Theshortcakes were made from white and wholemeal flours obtained from ancient einkornwheat, enriched with 10%, 20% or 30% additions of strawberry pomace. Prior to baking,the dough was subjected for 20 minutes to the action of ultrasounds with frequencies of20 or 100 kHz by 20 min. The hardness of shortcakes was measured using a Multitest 1-itensile and compression test system.

It has been found that the sonication of the dough changed the hardness of shortcakesbaked from einkorn flour with the addition of strawberry pomace. The direction andmagnitude of changes of the shortcakes hardness depended on both the frequency ofapplied ultrasounds and the quantity of added pomace. In most cases, the 20 kHzsonication lowered the shortcakes hardness in comparison to the control sample i.e.shortcakes baked from dough not treated with ultrasounds. The 100 kHz ultrasoundssignificantly lowered the hardness of shortcakes with a 30% addition of fruit pomace.
ETA AND FTA METHODS AS AN TOOL IMPROVING OF SAFETY MENAGMENT SYSTEMS IN THE COMPANY
Authors: IGNAC-NOWICKA JOLANTA
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the impact of the selection of the hazard identification method on the accuracy of the occupational risk assessment. This leads to more effective security management in the enterprise. Explained examples of explosive gas explosions and overheating of the machine show the relationship between the identified different types of hazards (causes) leading to adverse events occurring in industrial conditions. This analysis was made using two selected methods: FTA (fault tree analysis) and ETA (event tree analysis). Both the analyzed examples take into account technical hazards and human errors (human factor). The cause-effect relationships of hazards are presented in the form of diagrams in the drawings. In addition, the methods of hazard identification used for the analysis were compared with their scope of use.
DIRECT SALES IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: BORUSIEWICZ ANDRZEJ , ŻUCHOWSKI IRENEUSZ
Published: November 2022

This paper is an attempt to analyze the conditions of direct sales in agriculture. The scope of the survey included surveys conducted on 54 agricultural producers in 2016 from the territory of three voivodships: Mazowieckie, Podlaskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie. On the basis of the conducted research, the factors determining direct sales in agricultural enterprises and their influence on the analysed process were identified. Farmers are increasingly looking for alternative forms of sale to sell agricultural products. The main reasons why agricultural producers do not engage in activities in the form of direct sales are poor regulation for farmers, a lack of knowledge and ability to interpret the rules, and high transport costs. Nearly 40% of respondents indicated direct sales as the main source of income in agriculture. The importance of direct sales is growing and represents a fairly important source of revenue. In the future, with appropriate legal conditions and a slightly changed form, it may become more important for the development of agriculture and rural entrepreneurship, as well as an additional or in some cases the basic source of income for agricultural producers.
CHANGES IN MANAGING ACCREDITED LABORATORIES WITH RESPECT TO THE RISK-BASED APPROACH
Authors: WIERZOWIECKA JOANNA
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is to specify the actions which accredited laboratories must take in order to comply with the requirements of the amended ISO/IEC 17025 standard with respect to the risk-based approach. The direction of development of the management system standards which are in the process of being amended and the major changes in the requirements for accredited laboratories have been presented. In addition to that, the requirements of the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard with respect to risk management have been analysed. Laboratories should plan and implement actions related to risks and opportunities. The ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard does not, however, impose formal requirements to apply risk management methods or to document the risk management process. Nonetheless, accredited laboratories are certain to establish various formalised approaches in this area. The main elements of the risk management system have been presented and examples of risks which occur in laboratories have been given.
IMMIGRATION OF THE UKRAINIAN EMPLOYEES TO POLAND – DYNAMICS AND SPECIFICITY OF PODKAPRACKIE LABOUR MARKET CHANGES
Authors: BARWIŃSKA-MAŁAJOWICZ ANNA , TĘCZA KAMILA
Published: November 2022

In 2013-2017 Polish labour market was characterized by an intensive growth of the amount of declarations on entrusting work to a foreigner (filed by the employers) and work permits issued by Voivodes. Over 95% of all declarations registered in poviat labour offices and around 80% of all work permits, refered to Ukrainian workers. One of the voivodeships with the largest inflow of workforce from Ukraine was Podkaprackie Voivodeship. The aim of this study is to present the selected issues refer to dynamics and specificity of the Podkaprackie labour market changes caused by the mentioned Ukrainian workers inflow. Not only the dynamics of changes were analyzed, but also the efforts were made to examine in which sectors and groups of employees, the Ukrainians are employed and what is their correlation with the demand of the Podkarpackie labour market. The regional level situation analysis was presented on the analogous considerations in coutrywide background. The methods of desk research and statistical-descriptive analysis were used in this article. The statistical data used in this study are based on the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy database and show the effect of implementation of the Act of 20th April 2004 on the promotion of employment and labour market institutions (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 1065) by public administration bodies. They include the number of declarations on entrusting work to a foreigner and work permits registred in 2011-2017 in Poland and Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The analysis of empirical data was placed in the theory of the dual labour market and push-pull concept.
THE ROLE OF THE REGIONAL FUND FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND WATER MANAGEMENT IN SZCZECIN INTHE FINANCING OF THE SYSTEM OF INFRASTRUCTURAL WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT INVESTMENTS IN THE REGION
Authors: SOBOLEWSKA AGNIESZKA SOBOLEWSKA
Published: November 2022

The Regional Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management in Szczecin is an element of financing the environmental projects in the region. On the basis of public funding, sourced from environmental charges and penalties for environmental offences within the framework of statutory distribution, in order to meet the requirements of the beneficiaries, a set of financial tools has been developed which contribute to the implementation of environmental projects. On the basis of analytical-descriptive method, an evaluation of the functioning of the Fund was carried out, in relation to the basic budget categories within the years 2009-2016. In particular, the role the Fund played in regulating water and sewage management in the West-Pomeranian Voivodeship, also as the Implementing Authority for environmental axles of the Infrastructure and Environment Operational Program, has been addressed.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL TRAINER – 2 ROLES, SIMMILAR COMPETENCIES?
Authors: WOŹNIAK JACEK , ANCZARSKA ILONA
Published: November 2022

Training as a developmental tool could be realized by internal or external trainers. The article describes these two roles and analyses the competencies for them. As the transfer research is blooming in XXI century, the study analyses the knowledge of Polish internal and external trainers in this area. Based on two article – meta-analysis from 2010 and assessment of transfer knowledge of US trainers - the questionnaire for this research was constructed, and objective and subjective measures of competencies were used. The questionnaire study, based on c.200 responses from internal and external trainers has showed relatively similar competencies level of both groups, contrary to literature. Practical advises and conclusions are provided.
LOCATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THEORY OF ECONOMY
Authors: KRAJEWSKA ANNA
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article is the evaluation of changes in the theoretical literature describing locational determinants of foreign direct investment. The choice of the right location of economic entity outside of the home country is a complex process, which requires a throughout analysis of a set of various determinants affecting i.a. the competitiveness of economic entity. The complex nature of the analyzed area effected in the emergence of various theories trying to explain the determinants of firms’ internationalization. The number of factors, as well as their contribution in the locational process has evolved in time. Thanks to the technological progress and economic development of the societies, new factors affecting FDI’s locational decisions emerged.
CONDITIONS AND PERSPECTIVES OF BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN UKRAINIAN AND POLISH ENTERPRISES
Authors: STRUK NATALIYA
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is presentation of the conditions and perspectives of business partnership development between Ukrainian and Polish enterprises. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: an analysis of the relations’ types between business units and a comparative analysis of institutional environment of the Ukrainian and Polish business based on the statistical data analysis by taking into account the competitiveness of economy. According to the results, the main problems of Ukrainian economy on the path to development and bilateral cooperation were determined; the importance of introducing the integrated reporting in Ukraine was defined and the main EU projects supporting the development of business partnership between Ukraine and Poland were presented. The results of the research allow stating the mutual connection between improving the countries’ competitiveness and bilateral cooperation. The main priorities of Ukraine’s economic development as a basis for improving the business partnership and increasing its competitiveness on foreign markets are the development of institutions and the business environment, as well as stimulating scientific and technological growth. The main priorities for the Polish economy are: increasing the efficiency of the labor market, improving institutions, reducing bureaucracy, stimulating scientific and technological development, cooperation between private companies and government structures.
THE CONSUMPTIONAL DIMENSION OF AGEING IN SOCIETY
Authors: DOCZYK KAROLINA BARBARA , KUŚMIERZ KATARZYNA ELŻBIETA
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article: The aim of this article is to present the impact of demographic change (with special regard to the ageing of the population) in Poland and its influence on buying decisions and market demand.Main conclusions: The assessment of seniors with regard to their attractiveness as new consumers, often leads to the foregone conclusion about their low purchase probabilities. However, during the analysis of the seniors' buying behaviour, it should be taken into consideration that they constitute the diverse market segment in terms of their income, lifestyle, preferences and needs. What follows, the consumptional dimension of ageing in society should be carefully analysed by enterprises. Despite the fact that the general perception of the senior market is constantly improving, there are still the enterprises that seem to tend to underestimate the mature consumer.Practical and social implications: In future, the research should focus on the analysis of income and expenses for each particular type of product. It is essential to determine the level and the direction of expenses including the expenditures on services. It will help to identify the typical consumer behaviour of older people and to follow the evolving trend in the product and service sector of the senior market.The article's category: A theoretical overview.
DIFFERSITY OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LEVEL IN SUBREGIONS OF POLAND
Authors: BĄK IWONA
Published: November 2022

The aim of the research carried out in the article is to identify the state of diversification of the socio-economic level in Polish subregions in 2016. Linear ordering and establishing typological groups similar in terms of the studied phenomenon was carried out using a taxonomic measure of development (TMR) based on standardized sums. On the basis of a synthetic measure, the examined objects were discriminated and four typological groups were distinguished, including objects with a similar level of development of the studied phenomenon. The construction of synthetic indicators was made using two separate sets of diagnostic features characterizing the social and economic aspects of studied subregions. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be concluded that Polish subregions, both in social and economic terms, constitute a heterogeneous group. Often, subregions well developed in economic terms are characterized by unfavorable indicators regarding the social situation. Monitoring the diversity of the socio-economic level is very important, as too large disproportions in the level of development of individual subregions may have a negative impact on the socio-economic development of the entire country. A helpful tool used to assess the degree of diversification of objects are quantitative methods that allow the objectivity of the research results.
ASSESSMENT OF THE DIFFERENCES OF DEVELOPMENT OF BORDER VOIVODESHIPS IN SOUTHRN POLAND IN THE BACKGROUND OF COUNTRY
Authors: MALKOWSKA AGNIESZKA , MALKOWSKI ARKADIUSZ
Published: November 2022

The article presents theproblem of development of border regions. They are widely recognized as peripheral and less developed. Peripherality is a complex concept. It is important to identify the factors of development of peripheral areas in the context of building their competitiveness in national and international approach. The purpose of this paper is to assess the socioeconomic development of Poland’s southern borderland. The borderland encompasses three regions, or voivodeships: Dolnośląskie, Opolskie, Śląskie, Małopolskie and Podkarpackie. Perkal’s Index was used to assess the level of their socioeconomic development. The data to build the model on was derived from the Central Statistical Office. The analysis was carried out for 2008 and 2016 for all the 16 voivodeships of Poland, which allowed for comparisons to be made between them. The research showed that the level of socioeconomic development differed between the regions.
LIMITATION AND PROHIBITION OF TRADING ON SUNDAYS IN THE OPINION OF CONSUMERS
Authors: JĘKOT ALEKSANDRA
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the problem of limiting the operation of commercial establishments on selected Sundays. These restrictions are imposed by top-down administrative regulations. The aim of the study was to try to identify opinions and assess consumers on a new legal regulation concerning the restriction and prohibition of trading on Sundays. The work involved the use of a diagnostic survey method in the field of which survey research was used, in which 120 respondents took part. Due to the divisiveness of the sentences of the discussed problem, it is difficult to clearly answer the question about the acceptance of the new legal regulation by consumers. Nevertheless, the presented research results showed that there are no good prospects for the future exclusion of additional commercial Sunday, as respondents mostly responded that trade should not be forbidden on Sundays.
DETERMINANTS AND RESTRICTIONS ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: OLESZCZYK NATALIA ALEKSANDRA
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is to identify determinants that contribute to regional development and barriers encountered, limiting the region's development. To a large extent, the focus was on defining the essence and characterizing regional development as a process. The next step was to identify the factors and barriers to regional development. To achieve the set goal, the literature analysis concerning regional development and local government was carried out. As a result of the literature analysis carried out, the most common groups of factors and barriers to regional development in the publications and textbooks were written and discussed.
WHAT A MANAGEMENT MODEL DO EMPLOYEES OF POLISH LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT PREFER: EASTERN OR EUROPEAN?
Authors: OKULICZ-KOZARYN WALERY
Published: November 2022

The main idea of the study is: the employees of Polish Local Self-Government, as citizens of Europe, prefer the European management model.The main research methods were literature review, questionnaire survey, statistical processing of questionnaires, verification of statistical hypotheses. It was asked three general populations of poles (151 respondents, three voivodships). The study was based on the statistical analysis of preferences of the employees of Polish Local Self-Government. The verification of two pairs of statistical hypotheses was performed. It's been proven, that employees of Polish Local Self-Government prefer the Eastern management model. The purpose of the study was achieved as a very strong result, because empirical results are highly statistically significant (0,01). The results can be useful for the countries of the Central and Eastern Europe.
DISCIPLINARY RESPONSIBILITY OF POLISH HUNTING ASSOCIATION MEMBERS AS A RESULT OF THE AMENDMENT OF THE HUNTING LAW FROM 12 DECEMBER 2013
Authors: SZWEJKOWSKA MAŁGORZATA , TRUSZKOWSKI WOJCIECH
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study is to present and analyze the rules of disciplinary responsibility in the Polish Hunting Association as an instrument supporting the implementation of statutory objectives. In particular to incorporate PZŁ into the environmental management system and the protection of animals in Poland. Members of the Polish Hunting Association are assigned a special role in environmental protection. There are two types of sanctions: basic sanctions and additional penalties. Disciplinary proceedings consist of: proceedings conducted by the spokesman, proceedings at hunting courts and enforcement proceedings. The catalog of penalties should be presented in Hunting Law instead of in the Statutes of the Polish Hunting Association.
HOW (NOT) TO CHANGE THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE - CASE STUDY
Authors: GERAGA MAGDALENA
Published: November 2022

Organizational culture is a pillar of the workplace. Its modifications should be thought out, tailored to the capabilities and needs of employees. The presented case study shows what problems arise from hasty introduction of changes in the field of organizational culture and management style.
HOMELESSNESS AS A PROBLEM OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS
Authors: MIKLEWSKA AGNIESZKA
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on selected psychosocial aspects of homelessness - related to socio-economic development. Homelessness is a social problem of an extreme, and the consequences – pathological. This social phenomenon of a global nature requires effective programs out of homelessness. They should be designed to help the unit in awareness of their own powerlessness and lack of skills, understanding the need to ask for help, winning trust and confidence, experience a sense of security resulting from their own actions and restoring hope. A good example of integrated actions aimed at improving the situation of homeless people is the Communal Standards Model for Homelessness.
SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION AND A SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: PACZKA EDYTA
Published: November 2022

The primary impediment on the road to sustainable growth are, developed above actual needs, patterns of production and consumption, realized at the expense of pollution of natural environment, depletion of natural resources and deterioration of the quality of life of current and future generations. The concept of balanced and sustainable consumption is an alternative to abusive consumption. It takes into account environmental requirements as well as the rules of social responsibility. Sustainable consumption allows for continuous reproduction of the object of consumption and reaching durable, relatively equally distributed individual and social wealth in a long period of time. Durable consumption, being an interpretation of sustainable development in the sphere of consumption, assumes increase of buyers’ awareness, as they make responsible decisions and limit their material needs. The article describes the essence of sustainable development and sustainable consumption and presents consumer trends and movements related to it.
LOCAL GROUPS OF ACTION IN LOWER SILESIAN VOIVODESHIP
Authors: BORKOWSKA MAŁGORZATA , SZYMAŃSKA ELŻBIETA
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to illustrate the idea of the LEADER / CLLD approach implemented under RDP 2014-2020 in Poland, with particular emphasis on local action groups operating in the Lower Silesia Voivodship. The study takes into account the role of local community-led local development in the implementation of the LEADER initiative. The source of data for analysis was available literature on the subject of research, national and international law acts and resolutions of the board of the Lower Silesia Voivodship, the National Network of Rural Areas and local action groups. The amounts allocated to a particular partnership give great opportunities for social initiatives. The impact of local action groups covers large areas and affects many people in rural areas. There is a problem in the area of shaping the structure of local partnerships. The sectoral structure of local action groups should be dominated by the social sector supplemented by the inhabitants.
DETERMINATION OF FAMILY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND AT EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES PERSPECTIVE
Authors: KRUPA MARIAN
Published: November 2022

Family business development in Poland, as much as in EU countries, represents true phenomenon that requires systematic research and analysis. In spite of all family business fall within to the same economic rules as others, they are very often covered by the idealistic imagination. There is no doubt, one of the most important value that appears and develops within family business is related to mutual help and altruism. On the other hand, family business management has to be related both to social and economic values. It often leads to all kinds of internal and external conflicts. It is necessary to remember that family businesses globally represent 90% of all entrepreneurships.
CHANGES OF EU COUNTRIES POSITIONS IN THE INTERNATIONAL FOOD TRADE IN 2007-2017
Authors: STASZCZAK DARIUSZ ELIGIUSZ
Published: November 2022

This paper analyzes changes of EU countries positions in the international food trade in 2007-2017. All EU member countries are considered and segregated as food net exporters and food net importers and merchandise net exporters and merchandise net importers. There were 10 net exporters and 18 net importers of food in 2017 and 11 net exporters and 17 net importers of food in 2007. European Union as a whole was net exporter of food in 2013-2017 and net importer of food till 2012. Netherlands were the first food net exporter in the whole analyzed period. France dropped from the second position to the fourth position of the food net exporters. Poland rose from the sixth to the third position and Spain rose from the eight to the second position of the food net exporters. Great Britain was the first one and Germany was the second food net importer in the whole analyzed period. Whereas, Italy dropped from the third net importer in 2007 to a little important net importer 2017. The systematically dropping Italian food trade deficit lets to forecast that this country will be the EU food net exporter in the near future.
BUSINESS MODEL AND BUSINESS STRATEGY
Authors: BEYER KAROLINA
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article is to present the essence of business model concept as well as discussion about its position in relation to the company's strategy. To this end, a review of the subject literature was conducted, based on which different approaches to the category of the business model were highlighted. The article presents selected definitions of the discussed concept, indicating the lack of unanimity in the definition. In the following part of the article, the analysis of the position and role of the business model to the company's strategy was undertaken. Various approaches have been pointed out, but they assume the view that the business model and enterprise strategy are different concepts but are significantly related to each other. These concepts complement each other and are nowadays complementary tools for planning and strategic management in enterprises.
SECURITISATION AND IT’S MARKET IN EUROPE AND THE US IN 2018
Authors: ZABIELSKI JAROSŁAW
Published: November 2022

The aim of the paper was to present one of the techniques of capital raising - securitization. The principles of operation of this method, participants and benefits of its application were discussed. An analysis of the securitization securities market in Europe and the USA in 2018 and the years 2007-18 was also made.
The analysis shows that since the crisis in 2008, the value of the European securitization market has remained low. It also shows no signs of recovery. In contrast, the US market returned to its size before 2018.
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN COMPUTERISATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF OPOLE CITY HALL
Authors: BOHDAN ANNA
Published: November 2022

Commune authorities take measures aiming at ensuring development of e-administration at the municipal level in accordance with the requirements of the fast-changing legal environment and on an ongoing basis. In contacts with petitioners of commune offices, it especially concerns ensuring smooth and effective service provision via electronic means and communicating by electronic means of communication.

The subject matter of this article is an answer to the question about the level of computerisation of the Opole City Hall in contacts with petitioners and city residents. The analysis covers solutions within the scope of providing services via electronic means and electronic form of one-way communication between the City Hall and residents: the public information bulletin website and the city website. This allows for presenting the adopted model of e-administration within the scope of providing e-services and communicating with petitioners of the office and city residents.
Filming Nature
Authors: Whittaker Nicholas ,   Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts
Published: November 2022

Much theorizing on the aesthetics of nature focuses on its uniqueness qua nature. An overly-inflated sense of the ethical and aesthetic normative force of this focus has resulted in a general paucity of philosophical investigation into artified nature. The investigations that do exist typically refuse to or are unable to marshall the theoretical resources of nature aesthetics, which are taken to only apply to live nature. Here, I resist such wing-clipping by taking artified nature–specifically, filmed nature–to deserve its own discrete theorizing while nonetheless insisting upon, and taking full advantage of, a robust connection between filmed and live nature. I do so by arguing that cinema can successfully remediate an important, and unique, element of the aesthetic experience of live nature: namely, its engaged environmental character.
Charles Mills, Before, Now, and Later
Authors: Zack Naomi ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2022

In memoriam and ongoing engagement, I begin with my earlier critical interpretation and a reinterpretation that shows how Mills was prescient, given the recrudescence of white supremacy now daily evident in the United States. This leads to an historical analysis of the racial contract as the racist contract and of the racist contract as the racist compact. The racist compact endures in society, outside of government, but protected by democracy. This creates backlash and obstruction to progress that progressives often fail to predict. Influenced by Mills and through a shift in his emphases, I propose humanitarianism. Global ideas of humanitarianism bypass nonwhite racial identities are more general than them, and they bypass the white supremacist racial conceptual scheme of hierarchical races.
The Dietary Intake of Children Aged 6 to 59 Months and their Hemoglobin Concentration, Central Highland Ethiopia, Community Based Baseline Data
Authors: Ferede Abebe , Belachew Tefera , Abera Muluemebet
Published: November 2022

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in young children has lacked attention and priority in developing countries where illiteracy is the greatest encumbrance in the community. This study aimed to assess the hemoglobin level (Hgb) and linear growth of children for baseline data for optional intervention.

Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among women and their paired children. A multistage sampling method was involved in selecting the study area and 1012 mothers/caregivers and their paired children. Interviewed, blood samples, and anthropometry data were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Statistical significance was declared at P<0.05

Results: All mothers with their paired children participated in the study. A high proportion (76.7%, n=776) of women aged 20 to 35 years and 505 (59.9%) of women had an awareness of IDA. The mean Hgb concentration of children was 128.23g/L (+ 17.3), and 184 (18.4 %) of the children had anemia, which was higher (24.1%) among age groups 6 -23 months. The highest proportion (42.1%, n = 426) of the children had stunted growth (Height for Age [HFA] Z score < -2 Standard Division [SD]) and a very high prevalence (24.6%, n = 251) of wasting (Weight for Height [WFH] Z score >-1SD) verified among children. The age of children is positively associated with Hgb level (β = 0.172, CI=0.01, 0.33). For a one-month increase in age, Hgb concentration increased by 0.170 mg/del.

Conclusions: A very high growth defect and moderate IDA were observed among study subjects. Attentive intervention approaches are important in self-monitoring and a routine modification of used household foods in complementary feed with efficient iron nutrients to reduce growth defects.
Nye køer på gammelt græs
Authors: Brieghel Signe , Brichet Nathalia , Eriksson Kari , Nielsen Camilla , Rosenbaum Nielsen Liza , Overstreet Katy , Hastrup Frida
Published: November 2022

Med afsæt i feltarbejde på græsbaserede danske malkekvægbrug undersøger denne artikel relationer mellem køer og græs. Nedslag i græssets rolle i skiftende produktionslandskaber fra etableringen af det moderne husdyrbrug til nu viser, hvordan drømme om høj mælkeydelse og rationel fodring har bidraget til at reducere koens foder til et proteinregnskab, med store klima- og miljømæssige konsekvenser til følge. Ved at tilgå græsset som ’gammelt’ i betydningen historisk situeret og lokalt, argumenterer artiklen for, at græs ikke blot indeholder næringsstoffer, men også muligheden for at skabe et landbrug med jordforbindelse, hvor produktionen nødvendigvis må lade sig begrænse af landskabets bæreevne.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HOLISTIC DIESEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TO REDUCE WASTAGE IN OPEN-CAST GOLD MINING
Authors: Ngwaku Refilwe , Pascoe Janine , Pelser Wiehan , van Laar Jean
Published: November 2022

Fuel prices in South Africa are variable and steadily rising. Diesel accounts for a large portion of operational expenditures in open-cast mining, placing pressure on fleet managers to address fuel theft and wastage. Raw data is often obtained in a variety of formats (handwritten or digital) in this environment. A need therefore exists to capture, interpret, and utilise raw diesel data to gain insights for decision-making. It is critical to develop a diesel management system that can monitor and track fuel usage to increase performance, lower operational and maintenance costs, and eliminate misappropriation. Mining companies could benefit from a comprehensive diesel management system that enabled them to control, report, and track usage. The ‘data-information-knowledge-wisdom’ hierarchy is used in this study to capture and utilise raw diesel data for wastage reduction, business intelligence insights, and data visualisation to assist with faster decision-making. Keywords open-cast mining; diesel management; business intelligence; DIKW; diesel management dashboard; decision making
INVESTIGATING THE LINK BETWEEN COMPRESSED AIR WASTAGE AND VENTILATION SHORTFALLS IN DEEP-LEVEL MINES
Authors: van Gruting U , Schutte Corne , Pelser WA , van Laar Jean
Published: November 2022

As part of mining development, mines are constantly increasing in size and depth, resulting in a dynamic environment. There is often a recurring shortfall in ventilation adequacy in these mines, as mine planning and design are primarily driven by production considerations. As a result, compressed air is often misappropriated for underground ‘self-ventilation’. Instrumentation, simulations, and physical examinations are three commonly used methods for ventilation assessment, each with its own shortcomings and limitations. There is a need for an alternative method to identify ventilation shortfalls in underground mines. This study investigates the hypothesis that a link exists between compressed air wastage and ventilation shortfalls. Both the compressed air and the ventilation network were benchmarked, which showcased a direct link, thus proving the hypothesis true. Using this premise, a methodology could be further developed to investigate compressed air wastage as a metric for identifying ventilation shortfalls. Keywords Ventilation shortfalls; compressed air; zero-wastage; hypothesis testing