bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satisfaction in female entrepreneurship
Authors: Castillo Elvis Orozco
Published: April 2024

The present research seeks the categories of women's satisfaction in undertaking an entrepreneurial venture, trying to make a hierarchy of the categories and describing them in a particular way. Therefore, the objective of the research was to identify the categories associated with the satisfaction experienced by women when undertaking an entrepreneurial venture. The methodology was phenomenological and descriptive, with a qualitative approach, where 103 interviews were conducted with women entrepreneurs in the city of Santa Marta, Colombia related to the satisfaction they felt for having carried out their entrepreneurship. It was found that satisfaction is given by achievement, overcoming, doing what they like, and being considered as an example; in addition, satisfaction is expressed in feelings such as joy, happiness, and euphoria. Based on the results and their evaluation, lines to be considered in future studies are offered.
Traffic Flow Optimization for Metropolitan Cities
Authors: Mohammed Amarnath  , Muzammil Baloch  , Maanav Gupta  , Sahil Chaudhari  , Dr. Irfan Landge
Published: April 2024

This research paper presents the design and implementation of an adaptive traffic signal timer system that utilizes real-time traffic density calculation and an intelligent signal switching algorithm to optimize traffic flow at intersections. The proposed system leverages computer vision techniques like object detection to count and classify vehicles, and then dynamically adjusts the green signal durations based on the detected traffic density. A simulation module is also developed to visualize the system's performance and compare it to a static traffic signal implementation. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive approach in reducing vehicle waiting times and improving overall intersection throughput
Passend Packen
Authors: Köhler Nicó
Published: April 2024

Egal ob Handel oder Industrie – nahezu kein Unternehmen kommt heutzutage ohne eine optimierte Intralogistik aus. Doch noch bevor der Versandkarton das Rollenband erreicht, lassen sich mithilfe von individualisierten Verpackungslösungen Kosten und Material sparen.
„Der Algorithmus entscheidet“
Authors: Laux Matthias
Published: April 2024

Den Fulfillment-Prozess zu revolutionieren – das ist das selbsterklärte Ziel von advastore, einem deutschen Anbieter von E-Commerce-Fulfillment-Lösungen für Online-Verkäufer und -Händler verschiedenster Branchen. Co-Founder Maximilian Dhom stand Rede und Antwort.
Streit über die Zukunft von Flaconi
Authors: Müller Annette , Brändlein Philip
Published: April 2024

Die Hauptversammlung des Medienkonzerns ProsiebenSat1 entscheidet kommende Woche über die Zukunft von Flaconi. Egal, wie es ausgeht, einen Käufer für den Beauty-Händler zu finden, ist schwierig.
Nestlé schrumpft in Deutschland
Authors: Lenders Dirk , Fries Tanja , Sachsenröder Delphine , Brück Mario
Published: April 2024

Nestlé-Deutschlandchef Alexander von Maillot setzt die bereits angekündigten Pläne zur Kostensenkung um. Zu den Stellenstreichungen im Außendienst kommen neue Kürzungen in der Zentrale.
Die Basis ist wieder erreicht
Authors: Krost Heidrun
Published: April 2024

Der Markt für Würzmittel rutscht unter die Marke von 1 Milliarde Euro. Nach drei Jahren Sonderkonjunktur ist der Absatzbonus aus der Pandemie aufgebraucht.
Stroetmann rüstet Lager für Zukunft
Authors: Bökamp Lena
Published: April 2024

Edeka-Partner Stroetmann zieht im neuen Frische-Logistikzentrum in Senden ein postives Zwischenfazit. Am Standort trifft er Vorkehrungen für Alternative Antriebe und eine grüne, autarke Energieversorgung. Externen Lkw-Fahrern bietet Stroetmann einen separaten Sozialtrakt.
Abbasîlerde Mutfak Sanatı, Damak Tadı ve Ziyafet Geleneği
Authors: Arifoğlu Yunus
Published: April 2024

Mutfak sanatı bir medeniyetin iktisadi faaliyetlerinin sonucu olduğu gibi o medeniyetin mensuplarının hayat görüşünün ve biçiminin bir tezahürüdür. İslam mutfak tarihini inceleyen pek çok uzman, Müslüman mutfağı olarak bilinen şeyin, Abbasîler döneminde Bağdat’ta ortaya çıkan gastronomi, mutfak ve yemek kültürünün önemli ölçüde devamı niteliğinde olduğunu belirtmekte ve bu dönemdeki yemeklerin basitleştirilmiş ve değiştirilmiş versiyonlarının hala varlığını koruduğunun düşüncesindedir. Abbasîlerde mutfağın bir sanat olduğuna dair bir farkındalığın olduğu görülmektedir. Bu dönemde mutfak sanatı vasfına sahip ve künhüne vakıf olmanın bir şükür sebebi olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Yemek yapma tutkusu, mutfak sanatını doğuran geliştiren etkenlerin başında gelmektedir. Tabi bunu sağlayan şey, Abbasîlerde sahip olunan refahtı. İyi, güzel ve nitelikli yemeğe ulaşmanın yolunun servetten geçtiği, dönem insanlarının da farkında olduğu bir şeydi. Çoğunlukla iyi bir yemeğin sebebi ihtişamlı bir ziyafet sofrası hazırlamaktı. Bu çalışmada Abbasî mutfak sanatının genel hususiyetine dair bir değerlendirme yapılacak ve bu dönemin damak tadı incelenecektir. Ayrıca bu dönemde toplumsal hayatın en önemli veçhesini oluşturan ziyafete ve o çerçevede gelişen muhabbete temas edilecektir.
Karimbada: visualidades e processos da arte em rede
Authors: Gomes de Lucena Eduardo
Published: April 2024

Este artigo busca analisar as visualidades presentes na Revista Karimbada, produção colaborativa editada pelo artista Unhandeijara Lisboa na cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba, no final dos anos 1970. Esta publicação coletiva explora a poética da Arte Correio e o universo dos carimbos, reunindo estampas de artistas de diversas partes do mundo. Pretendemos verificar e refletir sobre as influências da tradição gráfica da região nordeste fazendo um recorrido histórico sobre o contexto local e a consolidação da indústria gráfica na região e sua importância no surgimento de publicações gráficas nas primeiras décadas do século XX e as reverberações dessas ações na produção artística da segunda metade do século XX. Por fim, analisaremos as visualidades e apropriações visuais na construção deste periódico de artista e os desdobramentos surgidos a partir desta proposição.
INTERVENÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA NO TRATAMENTO DE FIBROSE CICATRICIAL NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE CIRURGIA ESTÉTICA
Authors: MACHADO Gleise da Camara , LIMA Thamires Souza
Published: April 2024

Fibrosis is a change that occurs in the postoperative period, it is the formation or excessive development of fibrous tissue that occurs after a trauma, presenting itself as a reparative process. Among the main resources used for treatment, there are: Manual Lymphatic Drainage (DLM) and manual massage, kinesiotherapy, US, therapeutic laser, radiofrequency Objective: To search bibliographic references to show benefits of physical therapy in the treatment of Cicatricial Fibrosis in the postoperative period of plastic surgery. Methodology: This is a literature review. Articles (published between 2008 to 2019) researched in the Google Academic, Lilacs and Scielo virtual libraries were used. Results: Eight articles published between 2008 and 2019 were found where all demonstrated the effectiveness of physiotherapy in modulating the inflammatory and scar response, acting in the treatment of cicatricial fibrosis. Conclusion: A thorough evaluation of the tissue by the physiotherapist was perceived to be extremely important in order to choose the most appropriate method for the case, guaranteeing a quick and efficient surgical recovery.
VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS (VPN): A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF SECURITY PROTOCOLS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN MODERN NETWORKS
Authors: Michael Oladipo Akinsanya  , Cynthia Chizoba Ekechi  , Chukwuekem David Okeke
Published: April 2024

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) play a crucial role in ensuring secure communication over public networks. This concept paper provides a comprehensive review of security protocols used in VPNs and their application in modern networks. The paper begins by defining VPNs and explaining their importance in securing data transmission over untrusted networks. It then discusses the evolution of VPN technology, highlighting the transition from traditional IPSec and SSL/TLS protocols to more modern approaches such as WireGuard and QUIC. The paper also examines the security protocols used in VPNs, including IPSec, SSL/TLS, and the newer protocols like WireGuard and QUIC. Each protocol is analyzed in terms of its security features, performance, and suitability for different use cases. Furthermore, the paper explores the application of VPNs in modern networks, including their use in remote access, site-to-site connectivity, and securing cloud-based services. It also discusses the challenges and considerations involved in deploying and managing VPNs in today's complex network environments. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of VPNs in ensuring secure communication in modern networks. It highlights the need for organizations to carefully evaluate their VPN requirements and choose the appropriate security protocols and technologies to protect their data and networks.
Keywords: VPN, Security, Applications, Network.
AI SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENTAL ECONOMICS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Authors: Temitayo Oluwaseun Jejeniwa  , Noluthando Zamanjomane Mhlongo  , Titilola Olaide Jejeniwa
Published: April 2024

AI presents immense potential in addressing the complex challenges of developmental economics, particularly in the realms of financial inclusion and poverty alleviation. This abstract explores the opportunities and challenges associated with integrating AI solutions in these critical areas. Financial inclusion, essential for sustainable development, remains hampered by barriers such as limited access to banking services, socioeconomic disparities, and regulatory constraints. AI offers innovative approaches through data analytics and prediction models, enabling tailored financial services, risk assessment, and personalized interventions. However, the implementation of AI solutions poses significant challenges, including concerns regarding data privacy, ethical implications such as algorithmic bias, and accessibility issues in underserved regions. Through case studies and best practices, lessons can be gleaned to inform future initiatives, emphasizing the importance of adaptable policy frameworks, collaboration, and impact assessment. Looking ahead, emerging AI technologies like blockchain and enhanced regulatory measures hold promise, necessitating cross-sector partnerships and a concerted effort to harness AI's transformative potential for sustainable development and inclusive growth.
Keywords: Developmental Economics, Financial Inclusion, Poverty Alleviation, AI Solutions, Challenges, Opportunities.
Identification of potential hub genes as biomarkers for breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers
Authors: Atasever Sema
Published: April 2024

Breast cancer (BC) and gynecological cancers have emerged as significant threats to women’s health and are known to be among the primary causes of cancer-related fatalities in women. Innovative treatments and early detection may significantly cut mortality rates for these diseases. In this study, potential hub genes were thoroughly evaluated in the contexts of BC, ovarian cancer (OC), and endometrial cancer (EC). Initially, a total of 374 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified within the microarray datasets. The STRING database and Cytoscape software analyzed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network structure, whereas FunRich found hub genes. The five hub genes that were ultimately discovered are PTEN, SMAD2, FASN, CYCS, and KRAS. As a result, these genes may serve as potential biomarkers for the aforementioned diseases. Importantly, this study offers valuable insights into all three diseases based on recent molecular advancements. However, further investigation is required to precisely measure these biomarkers’ effectiveness.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI FISIK EDIBLE FILM EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) SEBAGAI PENYEGAR MULUT
Authors: Putri Asharzya , Sulistyawati Rini , Widiastuti Rina
Published: April 2024

Bunga Rosela (Hisbiscus sabdariffa L) mengandung flavonoid yang terbukti berkhasiat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme terutama bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Ekstrak etanol bunga rosella dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antibakteri dalam bentuk sediaan edible film yang memiliki bentuk tipis sehingga lebih nyaman digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formulasi dan karakteristik fisik sediaan  edible film ekstrak etanol bunga rosela dengan variasi konsentrasi matriks HPMC. Ekstrak etanol bunga rosella konsentrasi 5% diformulasikan menjadi sediaan edible film dengan variasi konsentrasi matriks HPMC 1%, 1,5% dan 2%. Sediaan edible film yang telah dihasilkan di uji karakteristik fisiknya yang meliputi organoleptis, pH, ketebalan, keseragaman bobot, ketahanan lipatan, waktu melarut dan kerapuhan. Hasil uji organoleptis, edible film memiliki bentuk tipis, berwarna merah kecoklatan, asam dan mint, memiliki pH 5, ketahanan lipatan >100, kelarutan tidak larut hanya menjadi lunak, uji kerapuhan < 1%. Keseragaman bobot dianalisis menggunakan One way Anova dan diketahui terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada bobot edible film pada tiap formula. Ketebalan edible film dianalisis dengan One way Anova dan diketahui tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap ketebalan edible film. Sediaan edible film yang lebih disukai panelis adalah formula I.
PROFIL PENGGUNAAN OBAT TUBERCULOSIS MULTI DRUG RESISTANT (MDR) DI RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Fitri Aulia , Rani Zulmai , Rambe Robiatun , Fauzi Ziza Putri Aisyia
Published: April 2024

Tuberkulosis Multi Drug Resistant (TB MDR) adalah TB yang disebabkan oleh resistensi kuman tuberkulosis terhadap dua jenis obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) lini pertama, isoniazid dan rifampisin, baik bersamaan dengan atau tanpa OAT tambahan. Secara global insiden kasus TB MDR pada tahun 2016 berkisar 153.000 pasien dan diantaranya ada 130.000 pasien baru yang memulai pengobatan TB MDR di tahun tersebut, sedangkan keberhasilan terapi TB MDR terhadap pasien yang memulai pengobatan sejak 2014 sebanyak 54%. Total kasus TB MDR pada tahun tersebut juga diketahui pasien meninggal sebanyak 16% dan 8% lainnya gagal dalam pengobatan. Riset ini menggunakan metode deskriptif non-eksperimenal dengan desain penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan setiap bulan. Data dikumpulkan di Poliklinik TB MDR RSUD dr. Moewardi dari Mei hingga Agustus 2019 melalui penelusuran rekam medis pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin laki-laki, sebanyak 67 orang (57,26 persen), orang di bawah 60 tahun, sebanyak 103 orang (88,03 persen), dan orang dengan berat badan tertinggi 33 hingga 50 kg, sebanyak 61 orang (52,10 persen). Jenis obat yang paling banyak dikonsumsi yaitu <10 adalah 63 orang (53,80%), tanpa komorbiditas sebanyak 76 orang (64,96%), riwayat tuberculosis yang kambuh sebanyak 39 orang (33,33%), riwayat sosial yang merokok sebanyak 32 orang (27,35%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang paling umum adalah pria dan orang di bawah 60 tahun. Pola peresepan obat TB MDR berdasarkan jenis obat yang paling umum digunakan adalah kurang dari 10.
Hubungan Kualitas Hidup Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Penderita Kanker Yang Menjalani Kemoterapi Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta
Authors: Wahyudi Totok , Huwaida Hasna , Ernawati Muzaroah
Published: April 2024

Kanker menjadi salah satu penyakit penyebab kematian kedua di dunia setelah penyakit jantung. Prevelensi kanker pada anak di indonesia sebesar 4%, hal ini menjadi salah satu masalah besar kesehatan anak di indonesia. Pengobatan kemoterapi memberikan dampak terhadap fisiologis dan psikologis berupa kecemasan yang nantinya dapat menimbulkan masalah yang dapat berdampak pada kualitas hidup anak tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas hidup terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak penderita kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi di RSUD DR. Moewardi Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah anak penderita kanker yang menjalani pengobatan kemoterapi di RSUD DR. Moewardi Surakarta. Pengambilan sample dengan metode consecitive sampling dengan jumlah 35 responden. Alat ukur menggunakan kuesioner kualitas hidup dan kecemasan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecemasan dengan kualitas hidup, hasil yang didaptkan adalah ρ = 0,001. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan arah uji korelasi bernilai negatif sebesar –0,551, yang berarti jika tingkat kualitas hidup meningkat maka kecemasan akan menurun. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan kuat antara kualitas hidup terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak penderita kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Penerapan Teknik Komunikasi Efektif SBAR Pada Pelaksanaan Timbang Terima Perawat : Literatur Review
Authors: Madya Nurhuda Puspa , Washilatul Ulfah Lu'lu' , Julliyana Ressa , Putri Damayanti Dita , Diktriadesta Damaiati Winda , Ridwan Heri , Purnama Hudaya Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Timbang terima sangat berkontribusi pada medical error apabila tidak dilaksanakan dengan tepat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan teknik komunikasi yang efektif dalam pelaksanaan timbang terima salah satunya teknik komunikasi SBAR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi teknik komunikasi SBAR pada pelaksanaan timbang terima yang dilakukan oleh perawat. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah literature review. Sumber literatur melalui empat database yaitu Taylor & Francis Online, PubMed, ProQuest dan Sage Journals. Hasil analisis 9 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi menyatakan beberapa pokok bahasan mengenai penerapan teknik komunikasi SBAR dalam pelaksanaan timbang terima perawat. Hambatan dalam handover perawat adalah keakuratan data yang dipengaruhi oleh proses pengkajian, komunikasi asertif, keberlangsungan perawatan dan kerja tim. Timbang terima yang menggunakan SBAR dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan, persepsi dan komunikasi perawat. Manfaat dari proses timbang terima menggunakan teknik komunikasi SBAR yaitu meningkatkan kualitas timbang terima, mengurangi risiko keperawatan, meningkatkan kepuasan pasien, ketepatan waktu, kejelasan informasi yang baik dan lengkap. Selain itu, kualitas asuhan keperawatan meningkat karena penekanan risiko kejadian tidak diinginkan, meningkatkan kepuasan pasien karena ketepatan waktu yang diberikan serta format penulisan informasi yang terstruktur membuka peluang lebih besar agar penyerahan informasi yang disampaikan lebih baik dan jelas.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Pencegahan Fluor Albus Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Remaja Putri Di SMK Kesehatan Haji Sumatera Utara
Authors: Noviyanti Harahap Rizki
Published: April 2024

Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi dari masa anak-anak menuju dewasa, batasan usia remaja ialah 10-24 tahun yang ditandai perubahan fisik, emosi dan psikis. Pada masa remaja terjadi pematangan organ reproduksi manusia dan sering disebut dengan masa pubertas. Keputihan (fluor albus) merupakan cairan putih yang keluar dari vagina secara berlebihan. Keputihan terbagi atas dua, yaitu keputihan normal (fisiologis) dan keputihan abnormal (patologis). Keputihan yang abnormal dan tidak segera diobati mengakibatkan terjadinya infeksi saluran reproduksi, infeksi menular seksual, radang panggul. Wanita yang mengalami keputihan yang disebabkan oleh infeksi yang berulang atau bertahun dapat menyebabkan infertile, tumor dan kanker serviks. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian Pre Eksperiment dengan desain penelitian menggunakan Pre Eksperiment dengan one group Pre-Post test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah outri kelas XI jurusan farmasi dan analis dengan jumlah 27 putri. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai p-value 0,001 < 0,05, mayoritas putri dengan pengetahuan yang tinggi yang sikap yang positif dalam pencegahan fluor albus, artinya ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang pecegahan fluor albus terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja putri di SMK Kesehatan Haji Sumatera Utara Tahun 2023. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang pencegahan fluor albus terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja putri di SMK Kesehatan Haji Sumatera Utara.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Hidup Perempuan Pengidap Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Di Rumah Sakit Haji Medan
Authors: Muchsin Rosanti , Hati Yulis , Putri Ayu Dira
Published: April 2024

Perempuan pengidap HIV pada usia reproduksi merupakan kelompok beresiko karena meningkatnya perlakuan hubungan seksual yang tidak aman dan perempuan HIV dapat menularkan virus HIV kepada anak yang dikandungnya saat dalam kondisi hamil atau menyusui. Menurut SIHA tahun 2022, sebanyak 30% perempuan mengidap HIV berada pada usia 25-49 tahun. Metode penelitian; menggunakan metode deskriptif epidemiologi dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni – Oktober 2023 di RS Haji Medan, jumlah sampel 30 orang perempuan pengidap HIV usia 25-49 tahun dengan metode pengambilan sampel Incidental sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian; 40% responden berusia 20-29 tahun, 80% berpendidikan SMA, 76,7% responden bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga, 100% responden pengidap HIV 1-5 tahun, 73,3% responden mengkonsumsi ART secara teratur dan 96,7% responden tinggal bersama keluarga. Analisis bivariat dengan uji chisquare α=0,05, menunjukkan nilai faktor pendidikan ρvalue = 0.035. Kesimpulan; faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup perempuan pengidap HIV usia 20-49 tahun di RS Haji Medan adalah faktor pendidikan. Perempuan HIV yang memiliki tingkat pendidikan lebih tinggi, lebih mampu menjaga kondisi kesehatannya sehingga memiliki kualitas hidup yang lebih baik.
CONCEPÇÃO DE CONFLITOS: O QUE DIZ UMA PROFESSORA DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Gomes Lisandra , Silva Junior João Batista Araujo da , Mota Lauro Araujo , Silva Dráulio Sales da , Silveira Francisco Fernando , Nunes Rodolfo de Melo , Mota Ana Paula de Araújo
Published: April 2024

Os conflitos são situações que geralmente ocorrem na sala de aula, durante a interação das crianças e no estabelecimento de suas relações. É neste contexto que as concepções e estratégias de resolução dessas situações são estabelecidas. Os conflitos têm sido foco de estudo de diversas áreas do conhecimento, como a sociologia e a psicologia, que contemplam várias pesquisas direcionadas a esse objetivo. Nossa proposta no desenvolvimento deste trabalho é compreender e destacar os entendimentos que foram estabelecidos com base na concepção dos principais mediadores de conflitos que ocorrem na sala de aula, especialmente na educação infantil: os professores. Inicialmente, esta pesquisa tem uma natureza qualitativa, trazendo aspectos metodológicos bibliográficos relacionados aos conflitos de acordo com algumas produções encontradas na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e em outras plataformas. Também conduzimos uma entrevista com uma professora de educação infantil. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os conflitos fazem parte das relações e devem ser considerados pelos educadores como possibilidades de desenvolver habilidades em seus alunos, auxiliando em seu desenvolvimento e estabelecimento de suas relações interpessoais.
A sensitivity study on radiative effects due to the parameterization of dust optical properties in models
Authors: Fountoulakis Ilias , Tsekeri Alexandra , Kazadzis Stelios , Amiridis Vassilis , Nersesian Angelos , Tsichla Maria , Proestakis Emmanouil , Gkikas Antonis , Papachristopoulou Kyriakoula , Barlakas Vasileios , Emde Claudia , Mayer Bernhard
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Most of the dust models underestimate the load of the large dust particles, consider spherical shapes instead of irregular ones, and have to deal with a wide range of the dust refractive index (RI) to be used. This leads to an incomplete assessment of the dust radiative effects and dust-related impacts on climate and weather. The current work aims to provide an assessment, through a sensitivity study, of the limitations of models to calculate the dust direct radiative effect (DRE) due to the underrepresentation of its size, RI, and shape. We show that the main limitations stem from the size and RI, while using a more realistic shape plays only a minor role, with our results agreeing with recent findings in the literature. At the top of the atmosphere (TOA) close to dust sources, the underestimation of size issues an underestimation of the direct warming effect of dust of ∼ 18–25 W m−2, for DOD = 1 (dust optical depth) at 0.5 µm, depending on the solar zenith angle (SZA) and RI. The underestimation of the dust size in models is less above the ocean than above dust sources, resulting in an underestimation of the direct cooling effect of dust above the ocean by up to 3 W m−2, for aerosol optical depth (AOD) of 1 at 0.5 µm. We also show that the RI of dust may change its DRE by 80 W m−2 above the dust sources and by 50 W m−2 at downwind oceanic areas for DOD = 1 at 0.5 µm at TOA. These results indicate the necessity of including more realistic sizes and RIs for dust particles in dust models, in order to derive better estimations of the dust DRE, especially near the dust sources and mostly for studies dealing with local radiation effects of dust aerosols.
Characterization of dust aerosols from ALADIN and CALIOP measurements
Authors: Song Rui , Povey Adam , Grainger Roy G.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols have pronounced effects on climate at both regional and global scales, but the magnitude of these effects is subject to considerable uncertainties. A major contributor to these uncertainties is an incomplete understanding of the vertical structure of aerosol, largely due to observational limitations. Spaceborne lidars can directly observe the vertical distribution of aerosols globally and are increasingly used in atmospheric aerosol remote sensing. As the first spaceborne high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL), the Atmospheric LAser Doppler INstrument (ALADIN) on board the Aeolus satellite was operational from 2018 to 2023. ALADIN data can be used to estimate aerosol extinction and co-polar backscatter coefficients separately without an assumption of the lidar ratio. This study assesses the performance of ALADIN's aerosol retrieval capabilities by comparing them with Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) measurements. A statistical analysis of retrievals from both instruments during the June 2020 Saharan dust event indicates consistency between the observed backscatter and extinction coefficients. During this extreme dust event, CALIOP-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) exhibited large discrepancies with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua measurements. Using collocated ALADIN observations to revise the dust lidar ratio to 63.5 sr, AODs retrieved from CALIOP are increased by 46 %, improving the comparison with MODIS data. The combination of measurements from ALADIN and CALIOP can enhance the tracking of aerosols' vertical transport. This study demonstrates the potential for spaceborne HSRL to retrieve aerosol optical properties. It highlights the benefits of spaceborne HSRL in directly obtaining the lidar ratio, significantly reducing uncertainties in extinction retrievals.
Validation of the coupled physical–biogeochemical ocean model NEMO–SCOBI for the North Sea–Baltic Sea system
Authors: Ruvalcaba Baroni Itzel , Almroth-Rosell Elin , Axell Lars , Fredriksson Sam T. , Hieronymus Jenny , Hieronymus Magnus , Brunnabend Sandra-Esther , Gröger Matthias , Kuznetsov Ivan , Fransner Filippa , Hordoir Robinson , Falahat Saeed , Arneborg Lars
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The North Sea and the Baltic Sea still experience eutrophication and deoxygenation despite large international efforts to mitigate such environmental problems. Due to the highly different oceanographic frameworks of the two seas, existing modelling efforts have mainly focused on only one of the respective seas, making it difficult to study interbasin exchange of mass and energy. Here, we present NEMO–SCOBI, an ocean model (NEMO-Nordic) coupled to the Swedish Coastal and Ocean Biogeochemical model (SCOBI), that covers the North Sea, the Skagerrak–Kattegat transition zone and the Baltic Sea. We address its validity to further investigate biogeochemical changes in the North Sea–Baltic Sea system. The model reproduces the long-term temporal trends, the temporal variability, the yearly averages and the general spatial distribution of all of the assessed biogeochemical parameters. It is particularly suitable for use in future multi-stressor studies, such as the evaluation of combined climate and nutrient forcing scenarios. In particular, the model performance is best for oxygen and phosphate concentrations. However, there are important differences between model results and observations with respect to chlorophyll a and nitrate in coastal areas of the southeastern North Sea, the Skagerrak–Kattegat transition zone, the Gulf of Riga, the Gulf of Finland and the Gulf of Bothnia. These are partially linked to different local processes and biogeochemical forcing that lead to a general overestimation of nitrate. Our model results are validated for individual areas that are in agreement with policy management assessment areas, thereby providing added value with respect to better contributing to international programmes aiming to reduce eutrophication in the North Sea–Baltic Sea system.
The distribution and abundance of planktonic foraminifera under summer sea-ice in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Vermassen Flor , Bird Clare , Weitkamp Tirza M. , Darling Kate F. , Farnelid Hanna , Heuzé Céline , Hsiang Allison Y. , Karam Salar , Stranne Christian , Sundbom Marcus , Coxall Helen K.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Planktonic foraminifera are calcifying protists that represent a minor yet important part of the pelagic microzooplankton. They are found in all of Earth’s ocean basins and are widely studied in sediment records to reconstruct climatic and environmental changes throughout geological time. The Arctic Ocean is currently being transformed in response to modern climate change, yet the effect on planktonic foraminiferal populations is virtually unknown. Here we provide the first systematic sampling of planktonic foraminifera communities in the ‘high’ Arctic Ocean – here defined as areas north of 80° N – in a broad region located between northern Greenland (Lincoln Sea with adjoining fjords and the Morris Jesup Rise), the Yermak Plateau, and the North Pole. Stratified depth tows down to 1000 m using a multinet were performed to reveal the species composition and spatial variability of these communities below the summer sea-ice. The average abundance in the top 200 m ranged between 15–65 ind.m-3 in the central Arctic Ocean and was <0.3 ind.m-3 in the shelf area of the Lincoln Sea. At all stations, except one site at the Yermak Plateau, assemblages consisted solely of the polar specialist Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. It predominated in the top 100 m, where it was likely feeding on phytoplankton below the ice. Near the Yermak Plateau, at the outer edge of the pack ice, rare specimens of Turborotalita quinqueloba occurred that appeared to be associated with the inflowing Atlantic Water layer. Our results indicate that the anticipated turnover from polar to subpolar planktonic species in the Arctic Ocean has not yet occurred, in agreement with recent studies from the Fram Strait. The dataset will be a valuable reference for continued monitoring of the abundance and composition of planktonic foraminifera communities as they respond to the ongoing sea-ice decline and the ‘Atlantification’ of the Arctic Ocean basin. Additionally, the results can be used to assist paleoceanographic interpretations, based on sedimented foraminifera assemblages.
Improving solution availability and temporal consistency of an optimal estimation physical retrieval for ground-based thermodynamic boundary layer profiling
Authors: Adler Bianca , Turner David D. , Bianco Laura , Djalalova Irina V. , Myers Timothy , Wilczak James M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Thermodynamic profiles in the atmospheric boundary layer can be retrieved from ground-based passive remote sensing instruments like infrared spectrometers and microwave radiometers with optimal estimation physical retrievals. With a high temporal resolution on the order of minutes, these thermodynamic profiles are a powerful tool to study the evolution of the boundary layer and to evaluate numerical models. In this study, we present three recent modifications to the Tropospheric Remotely Observed Profiling via Optimal Estimation (TROPoe) retrieval framework, which improve the availability of valid solutions for different atmospheric conditions and increase the temporal consistency of the retrieved profiles. The characterization of the uncertainty of the input and the choice of spectral infrared bands is crucial for retrieval performance and we present methods to enhance the availability of valid solutions retrieved from infrared spectrometers by preventing overfitting and by adding information from an additional spectral band in high moisture environments. Since each profile is retrieved independently from the previous one, the time series of the thermodynamic variables contain random uncorrelated noise, which may hinder the study of diurnal cycles and temporal tendencies. By including a previous retrieved profile as input to the retrieval, we increase the temporal consistency between subsequent profiles without suppressing real mesoscale atmospheric variability. We demonstrate that these modifications work well at mid-latitudes, polar, and tropical sites and for retrievals based on infrared spectrometers and microwave radiometers measurements.
Impact of volcanic eruptions on CMIP6 decadal predictions: a multi-model analysis
Authors: Bilbao Roberto , Ortega Pablo , Swingedouw Didier , Hermanson Leon , Athanasiadis Panos , Eade Rosie , Devilliers Marion , Doblas-Reyes Francisco , Dunstone Nick , Ho An-Chi , Merryfield William , Mignot Juliette , Nicolì Dario , Samsó Margarida , Sospedra-Alfonso Reinel , Wu Xian , Yeager Stephen
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In recent decades, three major volcanic eruptions of different intensity have occurred (Mount Agung in 1963, El Chichón in 1982 and Mount Pinatubo in 1991), with reported climate impacts on seasonal to decadal timescales that could have been potentially predicted with accurate and timely estimates of the associated stratospheric aerosol loads. The Decadal Climate Prediction Project component C (DCPP-C) includes a protocol to investigate the impact of volcanic aerosols on the climate experienced during the years that followed those eruptions through the use of decadal predictions. The interest of conducting this exercise with climate predictions is that, thanks to the initialisation, they start from the observed climate conditions at the time of the eruptions, which helps to disentangle the climatic changes due to the initial conditions and internal variability from the volcanic forcing. The protocol consists of repeating the retrospective predictions that are initialised just before the last three major volcanic eruptions but without the inclusion of their volcanic forcing, which are then compared with the baseline predictions to disentangle the simulated volcanic effects upon climate. We present the results from six Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) decadal prediction systems. These systems show strong agreement in predicting the well-known post-volcanic radiative effects following the three eruptions, which induce a long-lasting cooling in the ocean. Furthermore, the multi-model multi-eruption composite is consistent with previous work reporting an acceleration of the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex and the development of El Niño conditions the first year after the eruption, followed by a strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation the subsequent years. Our analysis reveals that all these dynamical responses are both model- and eruption-dependent. A novel aspect of this study is that we also assess whether the volcanic forcing improves the realism of the predictions. Comparing the predicted surface temperature anomalies in the two sets of hindcasts (with and without volcanic forcing) with observations we show that, overall, including the volcanic forcing results in better predictions. The volcanic forcing is found to be particularly relevant for reproducing the observed sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the North Atlantic Ocean following the 1991 eruption of Pinatubo.
A comprehensive Earth system model (AWI-ESM2.1) with interactive icebergs: effects on surface and deep-ocean characteristics
Authors: Ackermann Lars , Rackow Thomas , Himstedt Kai , Gierz Paul , Knorr Gregor , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The explicit representation of cryospheric components in Earth system models has become more and more important over the last years. However, there are few advanced coupled Earth system models that employ interactive icebergs, and most iceberg model studies focus on iceberg trajectories or ocean surface conditions. Here, we present multi-centennial simulations with a fully coupled Earth system model including interactive icebergs to assess the effects of heat and freshwater fluxes by iceberg melting on deep-ocean characteristics. The icebergs are modeled as Lagrangian point particles and exchange heat and freshwater fluxes with the ocean. They are seeded in the Southern Ocean, following a realistic present-day size distribution. Total calving fluxes and the locations of discharge are derived from an ice sheet model output which allows for implementation in coupled climate–ice sheet models. The simulations show a cooling of up to 0.2 K of deep-ocean water masses in all ocean basins that propagates from the southern high latitudes northward. We also find enhanced deep-water formation in the continental shelf area of the Ross Sea, a process commonly underestimated by current climate models. The vertical stratification is weakened by enhanced sea ice formation and duration due to the cooling effect of iceberg melting, leading to a 10 % reduction of the buoyancy frequency in the Ross Sea. The deep-water formation in this region is increased by up to 10 %. By assessing the effects of heat and freshwater fluxes individually, we find latent heat flux to be the main driver of these water mass changes. The altered freshwater distribution by freshwater fluxes and synergetic effects play only a minor role. Our results emphasize the importance of realistically representing both heat and freshwater fluxes in the high southern latitudes.
Evaluation and development of surface layer scheme representation of temperature inversions over boreal forests in Arctic wintertime conditions
Authors: Maillard Julia , Raut Jean-Christophe , Ravetta François
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In this study, the Noah land surface model used in conjunction with the Mellor–Yamada–Janjić surface layer scheme (hereafter, Noah-MYJ) and the Noah multiphysics scheme (Noah-MP) from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) 4.5.1 mesoscale model are evaluated with regard to their performance in reproducing positive temperature gradients over forested areas in the Arctic winter. First, simplified versions of the WRF schemes, recoded in Python, are compared with conceptual models of the surface layer in order to gain insight into the dependence of the temperature gradient on the wind speed at the top of the surface layer. It is shown that the WRF schemes place strong limits on the turbulent collapse, leading to lower surface temperature gradient at low wind speeds than in the conceptual models. We implemented modifications to the WRF schemes to correct this effect. The original and modified versions of Noah-MYJ and Noah-MP are then evaluated compared to long-term measurements at the Ameriflux Poker Flat Research Range, a forest site in interior Alaska. Noah-MP is found to perform better than Noah-MYJ because the former is a two-layer model which explicitly takes into account the effect of the forest canopy. Indeed, a non-negligible temperature gradient is maintained below the canopy at high wind speeds, leading to overall larger gradients than in the absence of vegetation. Furthermore, the modified versions are found to perform better than the original versions of each scheme because they better reproduce strong temperature gradients at low wind speeds.
Optimal design and experiments of a novel bobbin thread-hooking mechanism with RRSC (revolute–revolute–spherical–cylindrical) spatial four-bar linkage
Authors: Ye Bingliang , Wang Xu , Zheng Mingfeng , Ye Pengbo , Hong Weiwei
Published: April 2024

Abstract. To solve the problem of low supply of bobbin thread and frequent bobbin changes existing in current embroidery machines, a novel bobbin thread-hooking mechanism with an RRSC (revolute–revolute–spherical–cylindrical) spatial four-bar linkage is proposed which can achieve a large number and continuous supply of bobbin thread. Based on the analysis of the chain stitch formation principle, the design requirements for motion trajectory and posture of the hooking mechanism are proposed. The methods of direction cosine matrix and mechanism identity condition are applied in kinematics modeling and analysis of the RRSC mechanism. The optimization design model and computer-aided software are developed, then the human–computer interaction optimization method is used to obtain optimal solutions to meet working requirements. The physical prototype is machined and a test bench is built. The virtual simulation and prototype high-speed camera kinematics tests are conducted. The results verify the correctness of mechanism design and show good application feasibility of the mechanism.
A cold laboratory hyperspectral imaging system to map grain size and ice layer distributions in firn cores
Authors: McDowell Ian E. , Keegan Kaitlin M. , Skiles S. McKenzie , Donahue Christopher P. , Osterberg Erich C. , Hawley Robert L. , Marshall Hans-Peter
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are covered in a layer of porous firn. Knowledge of firn structure improves our understanding of ice sheet mass balance, supra- and englacial hydrology, and ice core paleoclimate records. While macroscale firn properties, such as firn density, are relatively easy to measure in the field or lab, more intensive measurements of microstructural properties are necessary to reduce uncertainty in remote sensing observations of mass balance, model meltwater infiltration, and constrain ice age – gas age differences in ice cores. Additionally, as the duration and extent of surface melting increases, refreezing meltwater will greatly alter firn structure. Field observations of firn grain size and ice layer stratigraphy are required to test and validate physical models that simulate the ice-sheet-wide evolution of the firn layer. However, visually measuring grain size and ice layer distributions is tedious, is time-consuming, and can be subjective depending on the method. Here we demonstrate a method to systematically map firn core grain size and ice layer stratigraphy using a near-infrared hyperspectral imager (NIR-HSI; 900–1700 nm). We scanned 14 firn cores spanning ∼ 1000 km across western Greenland’s percolation zone with the NIR-HSI mounted on a linear translation stage in a cold laboratory. We leverage the relationship between effective grain size, a measure of NIR light absorption by firn grains, and NIR reflectance to produce high-resolution (0.4 mm) maps of effective grain size and ice layer stratigraphy. We show the NIR-HSI reproduces visually identified ice layer stratigraphy and infiltration ice content across all cores. Effective grain sizes change synchronously with traditionally measured grain radii with depth, although effective grains in each core are 1.5× larger on average, which is largely related to the differences in measurement techniques. To demonstrate the utility of the firn stratigraphic maps produced by the NIR-HSI, we track the 2012 melt event across the transect and assess its impact on deep firn structure by quantifying changes to infiltration ice content and grain size. These results indicate that NIR-HSI firn core analysis is a robust technique that can document deep and long-lasting changes to the firn column from meltwater percolation while quickly and accurately providing detailed firn stratigraphy datasets necessary for firn research applications.
Analysis of a 30 GW offshore wind power scenario in Norway using time-series computed from numerical weather model data
Authors: Svendsen Harald Georg , Tande John Olav Giæver
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This article investigates implications of integrating 30 GW offshore wind in Norway. Wind power time series for relevant locations are analysed using 30 years of hourly numerical weather model reanalysis data. The study presents key statistical properties of the wind power time series. The emphasis lies on correlation, geographical smoothing, and variability across different time scales. These findings hold significant relevance for the strategic planning of offshore wind farm development, and for effectively preparing the energy system to accommodate this extensive wind power deployment that would mean a doubling of the Norwegian electricity generation.
Creación, evaluación e implementación de la aplicación para la Educación Superior MoILCaps
Authors: Caballero-Mariscal David , Pinto María , Segura Alicia
Published: April 2024

Objetivo. Crear, evaluar e implementar la eficacia de la aplicación MoILCaps en el contexto de la educación superior. Con fundamento en las teorías cognitiva, constructivista y conectivista, se ha desarrollado una app  con un modelo de diseño instruccional basado en la experiencia del usuario. Está destinada al autoaprendizaje por parte del estudiantado de Ciencias Sociales.
Método.  Con la colaboración tanto del profesorado como del estudiantado se elaboró la aplicación, siguiendo el modelo Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo y Evaluación (ADDIE), por medio de las fases de análisis, diseño, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación. La última fase proporcionó las propuestas de mejora para la optimización de la versión final de la herramienta, una web progresiva de acceso abierto.
Resultados. La aplicación desarrollada se organiza en seis cápsulas que siguen el marco de ACRL (Association of College and Research Libraries) para la alfabetización informacional en educación superior (2015): aprender, buscar, evaluar, crear, investigar y difundir. Incluye recursos multimedia en forma de microcontenidos que ponen en relieve la legibilidad, organización y visualización como características claves. Este modelo de app centrada en la experiencia del usuario constituye un instrumento relevante para fomentar la docencia de ALFIN (Alfabetización Informacional) por parte del profesorado y la biblioteca.
Conclusiones. Los diferentes análisis, seguidos de las propuestas de mejora y las revisiones, conllevaron la consecución de una aplicación de gran utilidad para el estudiantado, el profesorado y la biblioteca. Las bibliotecas, junto al profesorado, juegan un papel crucial como agentes activos en la formación de la alfabetización informacional, que se ha de adaptar a la incorporación de las tecnologías móviles en respuesta a las necesidades de la sociedad actual.