bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on the atmospheric and environmental impacts of aerosol, cloud and precipitation interaction.
Authors:   , Yakubu Abdulaziz Tunde
Published: February 2024

Understanding the mechanisms and processes of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions (ACPI) is essential in the determination of the specific role of aerosols in modulating extreme weather events and climate change in the long run. Atmospheric aerosols are mainly of various types and are emitted from differing sources. Considering they commonly exist in the heterogeneous forms in most environments, they significantly influence the incoming solar energy and the general perturbation of the clouds depending on their constituents. Thus, a systemic identification and characterisation of these particles are essential for proper representation in climate models. To better understand the process of climate change, this research explores the climate diversity of South Africa to examine aerosol sources and types concerning the atmospheric aerosol suspension over the region and their role in clouds and precipitation formation. The study further provided answers to the cause of extreme precipitation events, including drought and occasional flooding experienced over the region. Also, an insightful explanation of the process of ACPI is provided in the context of climate change. Furthermore, the research found that the effective radiative forcing (RF) over South Africa as monitored in Cape Town and Pretoria is negative (i.e., cooling effect) and provided an analysis of the cause. Similarly, the validation of some satellite datasets from MISR (Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instruments against AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) is conducted over the region. Although a significant level of agreement is observed for the two instruments, intense improvements are needed, especially regarding measurements over water surfaces. Finally, the study demonstrated the proficiency of effective rainfall prediction from satellite instrument cloud datasets using machine learning algorithms.
Design and fabrication of tissue-like phantoms for use in biomedical imaging.
Authors:   , Ntombela Lindokuhle Charles
Published: February 2024

The continuous need for tissue-like samples to understand biological systems and the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic applications has led to the adoption of tissue models using potential materials. This work presents a low-cost method for manufacturing PVAslime glue-based phantoms to replicate diseased and healthy biological tissues’ optical, mechanical, and structural properties. The deformable phantoms with complex geometries are vital to model tissues’ anatomic shapes and chemical composition. Absorption and scattering properties were set by adding black India ink and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) particles in varying quantities to obtain slime phantom tissues with optical properties of the brain, malignant brain tumour, lung carcinoma, and post-menopausal uterus. The phantom properties were characterized and validated using a He-Ne laser emitting at 532 nm and 630 nm wavelengths propagated through various thicknesses of the fabricated phantom. The incident and transmitted intensity were measured to determine the absorption coefficient (a) and scattering coefficient (s). Furthermore, the effective attenuation coefficient (eff ) and penetration depth () were deduced from the reduced scattering coefficient (0s) and the anisotropy factor (g) obtained through the scattering phase function and Wolfram Mathematica. The anisotropy factor demonstrated a forward scatter, typical of strongly scattering media as real tissues. Such geometrically and optically realistic phantoms would function as effective tools for developing techniques in diagnostic and therapeutic applications such as laser ablation and PDT cancer treatment.
Modelling of quantum phase transitions in Dirac materials
Authors:   , Hussien Musa Alnour Musa
Published: February 2024

In this thesis, first-principles computations of the electronic ground state are used to investigate the underlying nature of the quantum phase transitions in selected Dirac materials and their associated hybrid materials. Various methods are used to break the symmetry of the ground state electronic structure and to tune the emergent phases. These involve the application of an external electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields, and the manipulation of the internal intrinsic fields of materials, such as the introduction of strong spin orbit coupling, electron (or hole) doping, including a strong short-ranged disorder potential. The findings show that applying a perpendicular electric or magnetic field with a staggered potential in the underlying lattice allows for a tunable electronic transition between trivial and nontrivial quantum states. Signatures of the near-field electrodynamics of carriers in nanoclusters reveal the appearance of a quantum fluid phase at the distinct energies where topological quantum phase transitions occur. Emergence of the field-induced carrier density wave phase shows that the collective excitation mode is a distinct potential for carrier transmission in spintronic, optoelectronic, and photonic technologies. Furthermore, two types of insulating Dirac material are used as the tunnel barrier region of the perpendicular tunnel junction architecture. The resulting heterostructure is an artificially assembled metal-insulator-metal multilayer, and this serves as a generic platform for characterizing spin transport properties in spintronic devices. The dependence of the emergent phenomenon of proximity induced magneto-electronic coupling on the tunnel barrier material is unraveled. By analyzing the effect of the changes in the electronic structure on the spin transmission properties, it is found that the metal-insulator-metal platform exhibits a quantum phase transition by responding sensitively to both the tunnel barrier material and the applied perpendicular electric field during in-service operation of a spintronic device. The results show that when the electric field approaches its critical amplitude, the spin density of states exhibits a discontinuous change from half-metallic to metallic transport character in the presence of monolayer hexagonal boron nitride as a tunnel barrier material, contrary to when the monolayer molybdenum disulphide is inserted in the tunnel barrier region. The role of the applied electric field in the phase transition is characterized in terms of a spin-flip transition and an induced interfacial charge transfer. It is also found that the abrupt discontinuity in the changes in the spin-flip energy with increase in applied electric field provides the necessary and sufficient evidence of a first-order quantum phase transition in the spin transport phase. These findings show that the material of the tunnel barrier layer creates a non-trivial function in defining the magnetoelectric couplings that occur dynamically during spin tunneling.
Evaluation of soil moisture estimates from satellite based and reanalysis products over two network regions.
Authors:   , Naidoo Kivana
Published: February 2024

The soil is an important variable of the hydrological cycle. It plays a key role in the distribution of water and energy fluxes between the surface and atmosphere. Soil moisture data can be used to develop early warning systems for flood and drought monitoring, improve weather and climate forecasting and provide an indication of crop water requirements. Therefore, the regular monitoring of this variable can prove to be beneficial to various management applications. One of the main issues associated with estimating soil moisture is to adequately account for its spatial and temporal variability as it is influenced by factors such as climate, topography, soil properties and land cover. There are different methods available to derive soil moisture estimations such as in-situ, remote sensing and modelling-based approaches. In-situ methods generally produce reliable soil moisture estimates, however, are only suitable for small scale studies. Alternatively, remote sensing and modelled reanalysis methods can provide soil moisture estimates over a large spatial extent, however, they are generally limited by their coarse spatial resolutions and may not be suitable for localised applications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to implement and evaluate a downscaling technique across two regions (South Africa and USA) to ultimately produce finer scale soil moisture and address the scale mismatch between in-situ methods and coarse resolution products. This procedure was facilitated by two data processing platforms, Google Earth Engine (GEE) and R, which showed significant potential for data processing and analysis. Additionally, satellite-based and reanalysis products were also evaluated to determine which of these methods are more suitable for soil moisture estimation. The soil moisture products and the downscaled products were validated against the CRNS instrument, which was particularly chosen for its performance at an intermediate spatial resolution. The SMAP_25 km product performed best at the Two Streams site and was selected for downscaling, whilst the CFSV2 product performed best at the Mead CSP3 and York Benny catchments and was chosen to be downscaled at both these sites. The results from the study indicated that the downscaled products for the Two Streams and Mead CSP3 sites performed better than the original products when compared to the CRNS data. The data acquired for the York Benny site revealed that the downscaled product performed similarly to the CFSV2 product. Therefore, downscaling does not always result in an improved outcome. However, from the results acquired for the Two Streams and Mead CSP3 study sites, it is evident that downscaling shows significant potential in producing better soil moisture estimates, which could be used to improve planning and management operations for various purposes.
The evaluation and quantification of the drought propagation process using satellite earth observation products.
Authors:   , Sukhdeo Trisha
Published: February 2024

Droughts can be categorized in four types namely, meteorological, agricultural, hydrological and socio-economic drought. Droughts have the potential to occur either as an isolated event, mutually exclusive event or through the progression from one form to another. The use of drought indices were recognized as an approach capable evaluating and monitoring the characteristics of the different drought types. The aim of this study is to evaluate and quantify drought characteristics as it evolves and propagates form meteorological to agricultural drought, within two climatically different regions within South Africa, namely the uMngeni Catchment and the Breede-Overberg Catchment. These areas generally have insufficient networks of ground-based observations to provide continuous and long-term data. Therefore, Satellite Earth Observation (SEO) data and Google Earth Engine (GEE) were utilized. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was selected to quantify meteorological drought, whilst the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) was chosen to assess agricultural drought at both of the selected sites. The methodology undertaken firstly involved validating the SEO data against in-situ data. Thereafter, historical droughts were calculated by the SPI and SPEI indices at various timescales. Assessments were then conducted to determine the applicability of satellite based drought index VHI on quantifying agricultural drought conditions. The final assessment involved conducting propagation analysis between the drought indices. The findings of this study indicated that SEO have the potential to be utilized in the collection and monitoring of drought conditions. VHI was recognized to be scale dependent index, especially when considering averaging values. The findings of this study further suggested that the uMngeni region was more susceptible to the impacts associated with meteorological droughts characteristics whilst the Breede-Overberg region was more susceptible to the impacts associated with agricultural drought characteristics. Understanding the impacts and characteristics associated with the drought propagation process may further provide theoretical knowledge that can be used to facilitate more informed disaster, water and agricultural management and mitigation strategies to be implemented. If decision makers were to only consider drought using meteorological assessments for management decisions, the resulting strategies produced may be misleading as the impacts of an agricultural drought event may still be persistent.
Increasing L2 Learners’ well-being: An EMPATHICS intervention study
Authors: Stewart Glen
Published: February 2024

This article reports on an intervention related to L2 learner well-being based on Oxford’s (2016) EMPATHICS theoretical framework. The intervention was conducted at a women’s university in Tokyo in three of the researcher’s own first-year, compulsory, four-skills English-language classes. Forty-six learners agreed to take part in the study. To operationalize Oxford’s (2016) framework, the author drew on several areas of the literature, including grit, trait-EI, self-efficacy, L2 motivation, L2 learner autonomy, mindsets, and language-learning strategies. Data collection instruments used consisted of a forty-five item self-assessment tool, a six-item mini-survey to indicate learners’ pre-existing levels of L2 well-being, a self-report homework handout to facilitate learners’ overall reflective process, and an End-of-intervention Evaluation Report. The ten-week intervention consisted of: (1) having the learners self-assess their use of strategy-related tactics in class one and completing the L2 well-being mini-survey; (2) learners providing a written reflection and/or taking action and providing a written report about their actions after class five times across the term related to tactics in the self-assessment with the help of written advice from the researcher; and (3) the researcher providing guidance about multiple tactics in class and having the learners focus on those tactics when completing relevant activities in class. It was hoped that the overall intervention would encourage positive change in learners’ L2 well-being. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed, and avenues for future research are suggested.
Modern trends and innovative development areas of biological science in Belarus (To the 95th anniversary of the foundation of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus)
Authors: Baranov О. Yu. , Rassadina V. V. , Anisova Zh. M.
Published: February 2024

An analysis of scientific publications and information materials on the main areas of academic biological scientific school activity is presented (for the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus). The principles, structure and system of fundamental and applied research design in the field of biology is shown. The obtained results, their implementation and significance for various economy sectors are discussed. Promising areas for innovative development of biological science based on interdisciplinary interaction have been identified.
Assessment of the efficiency of grain production and use based on modern biotechnologies in the Minsk region
Authors: Korolevich N. G. , Oganezov I. A. , Buga A. V.
Published: February 2024

Information is provided on the current state of the grain subcomplex in Belarus, in particular the Minsk region. The necessity of further development of high-tech agroindustrial production of a full cycle of in-depth processing of key grain crops on the basis of the Belarusian National Biotechnology Corporation is substantiated. This can help to increase the profitability of the main farms of the Minsk region.
About the distinction ancient and medieval education
Authors: Piletsky V. A.
Published: February 2024

On the basis of documentary sources and specialized literature, a historical and comparative study of the transformation of education in the transition from antiquity to the Middle Ages in Europe was carried out. The essential content of the term “education” is analyzed as a kind of “picture of the world” of a certain person with his own understanding and perception of the environment.

The political, ideological and cultural conditions that determined the specifics of the educational process, which influenced the nature of the education of the population, are traced. The destruction of the ancient Roman state and the achievement by Christianity of the status of the main religious ideology in Europe are named as the main (defining) prerequisites. It is shown that during the existence of the Roman Empire, an educated person was considered to have special knowledge, skills and abilities to replace (if necessary) one of the positions in the governing apparatus of the slave state. And in the education of a medieval person (especially at the initial stage), scientific and rational components were completely absent. Its level was directly connected with the religious and ideological worldview of the individual. The inviolability of faith in Christ (as the Son of God and the Savior of mankind) and knowledge of the essence of the most important Christian worldview values. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that the most important indicators of influence that determined the specifics of a person’s education in the period of antiquity and the Middle Ages were the “content richness” of upbringing and education, the “form of organization” of the educational process, and, of course, the direction (“purpose”) social training of the younger generation during the transition to adulthood.
Wife Seeking Family Support in the Maqashid Syari'ah Perspective (Case Study of Panorama Market Traders in Bengkulu City)
Authors: Mimilia Mimilia , Yusmita Yusmita
Published: February 2024

The formulation of this research is how Maqashid Syari'ah's review of the breadwinner's wife at the Panorama Market Bengkulu City vegetable seller? This type of research is field research (field research) with a descriptive qualitative method approach. Data collection through in-depth interviews. The data collection instruments were observation and interviews and presented in a narrative description. The results of the study show that the wife earns a living because her husband is sick and elderly, and the husband's income is small in the perspective of Maqashid Syari'ah to maintain the soul and the survival of humans (offspring). guarding the soul, offspring and mind and the reason the wife makes a living is because it adds to the family income in the perspective of Maqashid Shari'ah is an effort to protect wealth and offspring. The conclusion from the results of the study is that the reason the wife earns the main income for the family in the perspective of Maqashid Syari'ah is to protect and care for the soul, offspring and mind, while the reason for the wife to earn an additional income for the family is to protect or maintain property and offspring.
Tourism Village Development Based on Participatory Planning
Authors: Fardani Irland , Verry Damayanti  , Ernady Syaodih  , Hani Burhanudin
Published: February 2024

The Bandung Regency Government plans to develop 100 tourist villages with the aim of accelerating the economic growth of the surrounding community. One of the potential tourist villages in Bandung Regency is Baros Village. Baros village has good potential to be developed, but there is no tourism planning for the village. In this study a participatory approach was used or in tourism it is better known as Community Based Tourism Development. The analysis used in this study is the 4A and SWOT analysis. From the results of the analysis carried out, it was found that the village of Baros has strengths in terms of various natural conditions and cultural values. The development of the tourism area is divided into 3 zones, namely the core zone, buffer zone and service zone.
The Effect Of Tollroad Development On Land-Use Change In Exit Tollroad, Batang District
Authors: Brian Pradana  , Ade Pugara  , Bagus Nuari Priambudi
Published: February 2024

Development of tollroad infrastructure is the government's priority to increase the mobility of goods and economy in the region. But be aware that there will be changes in land use, especially in the exit toll, It will trigger a new growth centre and land-use changes have occurred in the areas from agricultural land use changed to be non-agriculture land use. This research was located in the Batang Toll exit, Batang Regency with the objective is to determine the dynamics of tollroad development on land-use change. This research will use the GIS method in analyzing land-use change. Result this research in 2016 – 2022, built-up land increased 43,51 Ha and cropland decreased 41,68 Ha. The construction of toll exits has significantly changed in the area on the main route. The positive thing that is obtained is that accessibility between regions becomes easy, both in mobilizing service goods and community connectivity
Enhancing Digital Literacy Through Instructional Videos and Social Media Engagement
Authors: Rizka Estisia Pratiwi  , Mochamad Malik Akbar Rohandi  , Rezi Muhamad Taufik Permana  , Nadia Meirani
Published: February 2024

Digital literacy is an important factor in supporting the implementation of more optimal learning activities in Early Childhood Education (PAUD), more than that digital literacy can have a good influence on the development of early childhood. The purpose of this research is to provide a further understanding of digital literacy and social media interactions in the PAUD Education environment. As well as providing complete counseling on techniques and materials for making interactive learning videos. This service program uses participatory techniques through mentoring and training methods with comprehensive teaching media based on learning videos to meet learning needs in PAUD. Teachers will be given training on various digital applications that can support learning. Teachers and parents will have the ability to make teaching videos for students and children, which will indirectly direct them to become content creators in the field of education.
O Risco Do Uso Indevido De Medicamentos “Emagrecedores” Condicionado Pela Pressão Estética: Uma Perspectiva De Gênero
Authors:   , Sirtoli Rafaela
Published: February 2024

A busca pelos ideais de beleza está presente ao longo da história da humanidade, e hoje em dia para se chegar no tão desejado padrão de beleza são utilizados inúmeros recursos, como por exemplo o uso de medicamentos com finalidade estética. Isso
acarreta em risco de problemas relacionados a medicamentos, visto que essas drogas apresentam potencial de intoxicação ou eventos adversos advindos do seu uso. Esse estudo objetivou discutir as principais questões que levam a população ao consumo
de substâncias para o emagrecimento, através de um recorte de gênero; focando na farmacologia das drogas usadas, como os inibidores de apetite e drogas usadas de modo off-label, entendendo o risco latente que acompanha esses fármacos. O
presente trabalho se trata de uma revisão de literatura, que buscou em base de dados científicos virtuais materiais publicados entre os anos de 2012 e 2022. Verificou-se que os inibidores de apetite são drogas regulamentadas para o tratamento da
obesidade, porém seu acesso é bem restrito para evitar o uso inadequado, nesse intento, na busca pelo “peso ideal”, comumente as pessoas recorrem a outros meios mais fáceis de serem acessados, usando assim medicamentos destinados a outro fim para a perda de peso. As mídias sociais por meio da intensa propagação de imagens irreais sobre o corpo feminino contribuem indiretamente para o uso de medicamentos com fins estéticos, bem como o sistema em vigência na sociedade, o que acarreta em danos à saúde e a persistência da insatisfação com a própria imagem.
Toxicological study of “Mendim me zõn”: A traditional tea made with Solanum aethiopicum Shum berries
Authors: Valentin Desire Guiama  , Juliette Koube  , Esther Ngah
Published: February 2024

Mendim me zõn is a traditional tea made with Solanum aethiopicum Shum berries; a plant belonging to the Solanaceae family. It is a Bantu beverage consumed for its revitalizing properties. Powdered berries of this plant are now distributed and consumed in many countries around the world. Bioactive substances such as glycoalkaloids, galactosamine and fucose, among others which are potentially toxic, can be found in Mendim me zõn. However, very few studies have looked in the safety of this increasingly popular beverage. The present work aimed therefore to carry out a toxicological study of this drink, focusing on acute and sub-chronic toxicity. To do this, 50 g of powdered berries obtained in the locality of Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region of Cameroon. They were infused in 10 L of boiling water for 10 min. The extract was used to study acute and subchronic toxicity using rats as animal model, during 14 and 42 days respectively. Clinical, biochemical and histopathological analyses were carried out on male and female rats given progressive doses of the extract. The results showed that there was no death at any dose. Signs of toxicity including vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, self-mutilation, apathy, agitation, continuous grooming, drowsiness, stupor, tremors, hair erection, difficulty in breathing and anorexia were not observed in rats. Repeated intake of Mendim me zõn increased appetite and proved to be laxative. Microscopic sections of the liver and kidney showed normal architecture. Blood parameters remained within normal ranges. However, at high doses (1000 mg/kg/day), extract increased erythrocytes while white blood cells decreased in males. In female platelets and mean corpuscular volume increased. With the exception of bilirubin, consumption of extract statistically reduced the parameters linked to renal and hepatic function. These results might suggest that Mendim me zõn is safe beverage.
Association of ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders among school teachers
Authors: Sanya Kundra  , Niharika Jha  , Sapna Dhiman
Published: February 2024

Objective: To find the association between ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among school teachers. Methods: 40 subjects were selected for the study, to assess the prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) with the standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) and evaluate for ergonomics in class and while working on computers/smart phones, and awareness of the same was noted with the help of checklists and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Rapid Upper limb Assessment (RULA) tools. Results: REBA scores revealed that majorly, teachers were at medium risk levels of getting MSDs, with 72.72% of primary teachers, and 75.86% of secondary teachers for tasks performed, whereas RULA scores concluded that 48.27% of secondary teachers and 45.45% of primary teachers were in the medium risk level of getting MSDs. Conclusions: The research revealed an association between ergonomics and the prevalence of MSDs in school teachers, and demonstrated the sites involved in the MSDs.
Interative effects of trade openness and foreign direct investment on economic growth in Nigeria
Authors: Oriaku Christiana Eberechukwu  , Iduma Modesta Chinyere  , Egede Dickon Ihenchukwukwu
Published: February 2024

The study examined the interactive effects of trade openness and foreign direct investment on economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 1982 to 2021. Specifically, the study sought to: determine the effects of trade openness on the economic growth in Nigeria and ascertain the effects of foreign direct investment on the economic growth in Nigeria. These variables consist of real gross domestic product (RGDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), trade openness (TRAOPEN), inflation rate (INFLA), exchange rate (EXR) and trade tariff (TRADE). The variables used in the model were foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness (TRAOPEN), and trade tariff (TRADE). The methods of data analysis was Autoregressive distributive lag Model. The following findings were stipulated; trade openness (TRAOPEN) has positive and significant impact on real gross domestic product (RGDP) its probability value of 0.0001 was less than 0.05 but it was positive and significant impact on real gross domestic product (RGDP) its probability value of 0.0027 was less than 0.05 in long run; foreign direct investment (FDI) has positive and significant impact on real gross domestic product (RGDP) its probability value of 0.0001 was less than 0.05 but it was positive and significant impact on real gross domestic product (RGDP) its probability value of 0.0027 was less than 0.05 in long run. The study recommends that policymakers of Nigeria government should consistently formulate and implement policies that would increase their annual inflows of FDI and their degree of trade openness.
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of Solid Herbal Medicine sold in Makurdi Metropolis
Authors: Diana Adar Dabo  , Kwasen Isaac Zechariah  , Goewam Pauline  , Musa Nanre Naomi  , Solomon Panshak Dawal  , Anna Sylvanus Vwamkat
Published: February 2024

The consumption of herbal medicines is a common practice in many parts of the world, including Nigeria. However, the safety and quality of these products have been a concern due to the potential contamination with pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to isolate and identify microorganisms from powdered herbal medicines sold in Makurdi and Adikpo towns in Nigeria. A total of 30 samples were collected from various herbal medicine vendors and subjected to microbiological analysis. The samples were processed using standard microbiological techniques, including culture, microscopy, mycological identification and biochemical identification. The results showed that samples from both towns were contaminated with microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Bacteria species isolated include Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. the most occurring bacterium was Escherichia coli with the occurrence of 19 representing 25 %, while the most common fungal species include Aspergillus niger which had the occurrence of 143(29.61 %) respectively. This was followed by Trichosporon mucoides 116(24.02 %), Aspergillus ochraceus 92(19.05 %), Aspergillus flavus 70(14.49 %) and Rhizopus stolonifer 16(12.84 %) which had the least occurrence. The study also revealed that the contamination levels were higher in samples from Adikpo town compared to Makurdi town. These findings suggest that there is a need for improved quality control measures in the production and sale of herbal medicines to minimize the risk of microbial contamination and ensure consumer safety.
Pituitary microadenoma in children and adolescents: Minireview of literature and symptomatic case series
Authors: Ashraf Soliman  , Fawzia Alyafei  , Vincenzo De Sanctis  , Nada Alaaraj  , Noor Hamed  , Shayma Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Pituitary microadenomas in children and adolescents represent a rare yet clinically significant entity, with a prevalence of up to 1 per million children and constituting only a small fraction of pediatric intracranial neoplasms. This minireview synthesizes current literature to provide an insightful overview of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of these tumors. Pituitary microadenomas are categorized as either functioning or nonfunctioning, with the former being less common in children than adults. Functioning microadenomas, such as prolactinomas, growth hormone-secreting adenomas, and ACTH-secreting adenomas, present with symptoms linked to hormonal overproduction, while nonfunctioning adenomas are often asymptomatic. Clinical presentations vary with tumor type, with common symptoms including amenorrhea, galactorrhea, gynecomastia, and headaches. Diagnosis relies heavily on hormonal assessments and MRI, with stable courses often observed in non-functioning microadenomas. We report 6 cases which were presented with variable endocrine abnormalities. Management strategies are tailored based on the tumor’s functionality and size. Medical therapy, primarily dopamine agonists, is preferred for functioning adenomas, while transsphenoidal surgery is reserved for symptomatic or non-responsive cases. Radiotherapy is considered as a third-line option. Outcomes are generally favorable, with high response rates to medical therapy and successful surgical resections. However, recurrence and long-term hormonal imbalances pose challenges, necessitating vigilant long-term follow-up. Current research is oriented towards enhancing diagnostic accuracy, understanding genetic contributions, and optimizing treatment to minimize long-term developmental impacts. This review underscores the necessity for a nuanced approach in the diagnosis and management of pediatric pituitary microadenomas, highlighting the importance of ongoing research and follow-up for optimal patient care.
Reviewing the impact of LNG technology advancements on global energy markets
Authors: Olushola Babatunde Ayorinde  , Cosmas Dominic Daudu  , Chinelo Emilia Okoli  , Adedayo Adefemi  , Oladipo Olugbenga Adekoya  , Chidera Victoria Ibeh
Published: February 2024

Rapid technological advancements in Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) have catalyzed a transformative shift in global energy markets. This review delves into the profound impact of LNG technology advancements, exploring their multifaceted consequences on the dynamics of the energy landscape. The evolution of LNG technologies, spanning liquefaction, transportation, and regasification processes, has ushered in a new era of energy accessibility, sustainability, and market competitiveness. The burgeoning role of LNG as a cleaner and more versatile fuel source is examined against the backdrop of global efforts to address climate change. Environmental considerations, carbon reduction goals, and the burgeoning demand for cleaner energy sources are driving the increasing adoption of LNG in the global energy transition. Government initiatives supporting LNG adoption and renewable energy policies influencing its utilization are dissected to comprehend the intricate policy factors shaping global LNG consumption. Economic drivers, including cost competitiveness and market dynamics, play a pivotal role in shaping the global LNG landscape. The review assesses the economic growth and industrial demand for LNG, providing insights into the intricate relationship between economic factors and the surge in LNG consumption. Additionally, the expansion of global LNG production capacity, exploration of unconventional gas resources, and geopolitical influences on LNG supply patterns are thoroughly scrutinized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the forces steering LNG trade dynamics. The regional dynamics in LNG trade are elucidated with a focus on major economies such as Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. The rising demand from these regions, coupled with infrastructure developments and regulatory frameworks, underscores the intricate interplay of factors shaping LNG trade dynamics on a regional scale. Furthermore, the review delves into the geopolitical implications of recent events on LNG markets, scrutinizing trade agreements and geopolitical risks to provide a holistic view of the broader geopolitical landscape impacting LNG stakeholders. In summation, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of LNG technology advancements and their far-reaching impact on global energy markets. As technological innovations continue to reshape the LNG landscape, this review serves as a roadmap for understanding the intricate interplay of environmental, economic, regional, and geopolitical factors that collectively define the contemporary dynamics of the LNG industry.
Reviewing the economic viability of LNG projects in African Nations
Authors: Cosmas Dominic Daudu  , Chinelo Emilia Okoli  , Adedayo Adefemi  , Olushola Babatunde Ayorinde  , Oladipo Olugbenga Adekoya  , Andrew Ifesinachi Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

The economic viability of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) projects in African nations stands as a pivotal subject in the global energy landscape. This Review encapsulates a comprehensive review, shedding light on the multifaceted aspects that determine the success and sustainability of LNG initiatives across the African continent. The analysis encompasses key elements such as investment frameworks, regulatory environments, and socio-economic considerations, providing a nuanced understanding of the economic dynamics shaping LNG projects. Examining case studies and regional variations, the review delves into the challenges and opportunities that characterize LNG ventures in Africa. The study identifies the critical factors influencing economic viability, including infrastructure development, market dynamics, and governmental policies. It explores the impact of global energy trends on the African LNG market and scrutinizes the role of international collaborations in fostering economic success. Additionally, the review assesses the potential socio-economic benefits, job creation, and local community engagement stemming from LNG projects, adding a socio-economic dimension to the economic evaluation. Furthermore, the Review emphasizes the need for adaptive strategies that acknowledge the unique challenges faced by African nations, from political stability concerns to the varying levels of technological infrastructure. The economic viability of LNG projects is inherently linked to the alignment of national goals, industry interests, and environmental sustainability. In summary, this Review provides a succinct overview of the comprehensive review on the economic viability of LNG projects in African nations. It sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of the economic intricacies, offering valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers vested in the sustainable development of LNG projects across the African continent.
Telemedicine in rural Africa: A review of accessibility and impact
Authors: Toritsemogba Tosanbami Omaghomi  , Jeremiah Olawumi Arowoogun  , Opeoluwa Akomolafe  , Ifeoma Pamela Odilibe  , Oluwafunmi Adijat Elufioye
Published: February 2024

Telemedicine has emerged as a transformative solution to bridge the healthcare gap in rural Africa, where access to medical services is often hindered by geographical remoteness and inadequate infrastructure. This paper delves into the current landscape of telemedicine in rural Africa, focusing on its accessibility and the profound impact it has on healthcare delivery. Accessibility remains a critical challenge in rural Africa, where vast distances and limited transportation infrastructure contribute to the isolation of many communities from healthcare facilities. Telemedicine, leveraging digital communication technologies, offers a promising avenue to overcome these barriers. The review examines the deployment of telemedicine infrastructure, including the availability of internet connectivity and the proliferation of mobile devices, as key factors influencing its accessibility in remote areas. Additionally, the study assesses the integration of telemedicine into existing healthcare systems, exploring the extent to which regulatory frameworks and policies support its implementation. The impact of telemedicine in rural Africa is multifaceted, encompassing improved healthcare access, enhanced diagnostic capabilities, and cost-effective interventions. The paper highlights how teleconsultations facilitate timely medical advice, reducing the need for patients to travel long distances for routine care. Moreover, the review scrutinizes the role of telemedicine in enabling remote diagnostic services, such as teleimaging and telepathology, which have proven instrumental in early disease detection and intervention. The socioeconomic impact of telemedicine is another dimension explored in this review. By alleviating the burden of healthcare-related travel expenses and reducing productivity losses due to illness, telemedicine contributes to the economic well-being of rural communities. The study investigates the potential of telemedicine to empower local healthcare workers through training programs, thereby enhancing the overall healthcare infrastructure in underserved regions. This review sheds light on the evolving landscape of telemedicine in rural Africa, emphasizing the critical need for improved accessibility and the far-reaching impact it has on healthcare delivery. As telemedicine continues to evolve, understanding its challenges and successes in the unique context of rural Africa will be instrumental in shaping effective strategies for the future.
Health apps and patient engagement: A review of effectiveness and user experience
Authors: Toritsemogba Tosanbami Omaghomi  , Oluwafunmi Adijat Elufioye  , Opeoluwa Akomolafe  , Evangel Chinyere Anyanwu  , Andrew Ifesinachi Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

This paper reviews the effectiveness of health apps and their impact on patient engagement, focusing on the role of user experience (UX) in enhancing engagement and healthcare outcomes. A comprehensive literature analysis categorizes types of health apps and evaluates their effectiveness in improving patient engagement and health outcomes. Key UX principles essential for health app design are outlined, and the influence of UX on patient engagement is analyzed. The review identifies technological and ethical challenges in health app development, including privacy concerns and the need for inclusive design. Future research directions are suggested, highlighting areas for further exploration in health app effectiveness and user engagement. The findings emphasize the importance of effective health apps and superior UX design in fostering patient engagement, with implications for healthcare providers, patients, and app developers in leveraging digital health technologies to enhance healthcare delivery and patient well-being.
Learning action cell sessions on shared pedagogical practices of seasoned and Millennial teachers: Strengthening 21st century learning
Authors: Hervie Cruz Eroles
Published: February 2024

The study determined the improvement of the seasoned and millennial teachers to strengthen 21st century learning using LAC sessions on shared pedagogical practices at Malinao Elementary School and Pulong Duhat Primary School in San Miguel, Bulacan during the School Year 2019-2020. COT-RPMS tools were used to describe the pedagogical practices of both seasoned and millennial teachers and it is also used to determine their pedagogical needs to be developed. LAC sessions on shared pedagogical practices were implemented to improve their practices. The self- Reflection method was used on every LAC session to know their learnings. Interview guide questions were also used to determine the teachers’ experiences on LAC sessions on shared pedagogical practices. Using the qualitative method of research with 9 teacher-participants as subjects of the study, findings showed that teachers obtained low ratings on the third quarter classroom observations and obtained high ratings on the fourth quarter classroom observations. High ratings were found between the third and fourth observations on the teachers’ pedagogical practices. Moreover, these teachers agreed that they had positive feedback on LAC sessions on shared pedagogical practices. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the use of LAC sessions on shared pedagogical practices of seasoned and millennial teachers could really strengthen 21st century learning.
Sejarah 6 Tokoh Muhammadiyah Di Kalimantan Barat Yang Menginspirasi
Authors: Mukhlishin Hamdil , Rianawati Rianawati , Nugraha Muhamad Tisna
Published: February 2024

Tulisan ini berlatar belakang dari betapa pentinggnya sejarah itu sendiri, khususnya sejarah berkembangnya organisasi Muhammadiyah di Kalimantan Barat. Beberapa tokoh penting yang berperan diantaranya, H. Ahmad Mawardi Dja’far, H. A. Rahim Dja’far, Chatib Syarbaini, H. Ishaq Saleh, Muhammad bin Djaie, dan H. Yusuf Haris. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejarah hidup dan peran yang diberikan oleh keenam tokoh tersebut terhadap perkembangan oreganisasi Muhammadiyah di Kalimantan Barat. Sumber referensi diperoleh melalui literatur berupa buku-buku dan artikel penelitian. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini bahwa keenam tokoh tesebut memiliki peran yang besar tehadap perkembangan organisasi Muhammadiyah di Kalimantan Barat. Adapun peran yang dilakukan oleh H. Ahmad Mawardi Dja’far sebagai Ketua Pimpinan Wilayah Muhamamdiyah Kalimantan Barat Periode 1968-1971, dan mendirikan Kepanduan Hizbul Wathan Muhammadiyah. Peran H. A. Rahim Dja’far sebagai Ketua Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah selama 4 periode dari tahun 1978-1995, mendirikan 2 Perguruan Tinggi Muhamamdiyah yaitu Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak pada tahun 1990 dan STIK Muhammadiyah tahun 1992. Peran Chatib Syarbaini sebagai salah satu Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah periode 1978-1982, menjadi Wakil Ketua Majelis P & K (sekatang Dikdasmen) Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Barat. Peran H. Ishaq Saleh menjadi Aktivis Ikatan Mahasiswa Muhammadiyah (IMM) Kalimantan Barat pada tahun 1967-1977, menjadi salah satu Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah (PWM) Kalimantan Barat  selama 4 periode dari tahun 1978-2000, berperan dalam berdirinya Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Keperawatan (STIK) Muhammadiyah Pontianak, dan menjadi penasehat PWM Kalinatan Barat periode 2015-2020. Peran Muhammad bin Djaie pendiri Muhammadiyah Ranting Setapuk Besar, dan aktif membina organisasi otonom Muhammadiyah seperti Aisyiyah dan Pemuda Muhammadiyah di Setapuk Besar. Peran H. Yusuf Haris mendirikan Muhammadiyah di Kabupaten Sintang, sekaligus menjadi ketua Pimpinan Daerah Muhammadiyah (PDM) Kabupaten Sintang dari tahun 1963-1985. Berperan dalam pendirian SMP dan SMA Muhammadiyah Sintang, SMP dan SMA Muhammadiyah di Nanga Pinoh.
Profetik Integrasi Islam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto: Konsep Komunikasi Efektif Empati Dokter Muslim
Authors: Kusumawinakhyu Titik , Darodjat Darodjat , Makhful Makhful , Hasan Ibnu , Zubaedah Siti
Published: February 2024

Komunikasi efektif empati antara dokter sangat penting khususnya mahasiswa Fakutas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto yang mempunyai visi mencetak dokter yang Unggul, Modern dan Islami. Upaya menghasilkan lulusan berkompeten sesuai dengan Standar Karakter & Kompetensi Dokter Muslim (SKKDM), Standar Kompetensi Dokter Indonesia (SKDI) dan Standar Nasional Pendidikan Profesi Dokter Indonesia (SNPPDI). Komunikasi merupakam ketrampilan yang terintegrasi dengan nilai-nilai tauladan Rasulullah Muhammad. Komunikasi empati sebagai karakter dokter muslim diberikan di perkuliahan integrasi Islam, tutorial, skills lab dan field lab di Blok Bioetik dan Humaniora. Komunikasi efektif empati melibatkan kemampuan afektif, intelektual, psikomotor, verbal dan spiritual. Tujuan untuk mengatahui konsep teoritis komunikasi efektif empati dokter pasien bersumber dari keteladanan Rasulullah dalam berkomunikasi interpersonal dan intrapersonal. Metode menggunakan library research, data diperoleh melalui google sholar dan pencarian di internet menggunakan kata kunci profetik komunikasi, integrasi islam, empati, komunikasi dokter pasien, komunikasi Islam, dokter muslim, SKKDM. Hasil didapatkan konsep yang jelas tentang komunikasi dalam tinjauan profetik integrasi Islam, adanya teladan dari Rasulullah berkata baik, jujur, tidak kasar, pilihan bahasa sehingga dapat disampaiakan, dimengerti, efektif, dan menumbuhkan empati. Komunikasi melibatkan komunikasi intrapersonal dan interpersonal dengan mengutamakan sumber rujukan utama berasal dari Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunah. Komunikasi intrapersonal dapat diintegrasikan melalui doa untuk kesembuhan pasien, mawas diri dan melafazkan basmallah. Komunikasi interpersonal merupakan habluminanaas, disesuaikan dengan situasi dan kondisi lawan bicara. Komunikasi efektif empati dokter dan pasien merupakam dasar ilmu menggali anamnesis, diagnosis, dan dapat diterapkan dalam penyampaikan berita baik maupun berita buruk.