bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big data Performance Evalution of Map-Reduce Pig and Hive
Authors:   Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at K.S.School of Engineering and Management, Bangalore., J* Santosh Kumar , S. Dr. Raghavendra ,   Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at CHRIST DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY, Bangalore., B.K Dr.Raghavendra ,   Department of Research Institute is an institution deemed to be university located in Chennai and Masters from Bengaluru, Meenakshi  ,   assistant professor at Jain University Bengaluru India,
Published: August 2019

Big data is nothing but unstructured and structured data which is not possible to process by our traditional system its not only have the volume of data also velocity and verity of data, Processing means ( store and analyze for knowledge information to take decision), Every living, non living and each and every device generates tremendous amount of data every fraction of seconds, Hadoop is a software frame work to process big data to get knowledge out of stored data and enhance the business and solve the societal problems, Hadoop basically have two important components HDFS and Map Reduce HDFS for store and mapreduce to process. HDFS includes name node and data nodes for storage, Map-Reduce includes frame works of Job tracker and Task tracker. Whenever client request Hadoop to store name node responds with available free memory data nodes then client will write data to respective data nodes then replication factor of hadoop copies the blocks of data with other data nodes to overcome fault tolerance Name node stores the meta of data nodes. Replication is for back-up as hadoop HDFS uses commodity hardware for storage, also name node have back-up secondary name node as only point of failure the hadoop. Whenever clients want to process the data, client request the name node Job tracker then Name node communicate to Task tracker for task done. All the above components of hadoop are frame works on-top of OS for efficient utilization and manage the system recourses for big data processing. Big data processing performance is measured with bench marks programs in our research work we compared the processing i.e. execution time of bench mark program word count with Hadoop Map-Reduce python Jar code, PIG script and Hive query with same input file big.txt. and we can say that Hive is much faster than PIG and Map-reduce Python jar code Map-reduce execution time is 1m, 29sec Pig Execution time is 57 sec Hive execution time is 31 sec.
Dehumidification Performance of LiCl in Falling Film Type Liquid Desiccant Dehumidifier
Authors:   Assistant professor in SRM university Chennai., Ahmed* M. Ijas , Nagadeepak M.V.S ,   Student, Thermal Science from NIT Calicut, Kerala, India., Vignesh R. ,   Pursuing M.tech, Thermal Science in NIT Calicut, Kerala, India., Kumar L Gangadhara Kiran ,   Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology - Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
Published: August 2019

In the present study, CFD analysis of falling film type liquid desiccant dehumidifier is carried out to predict its performance In these simulations it is studied how the flow pattern of liquid desiccant effects the interaction between the moist air and the liquid desiccant.Two dimensional model was simulated by using the software ANSYS (FLUENT). The volume of fluid (VOF) was selected as the multiphase method for the simulation process. The water vapor/humidity content in the air is given by using species transport model and the variation of amount of water hold by the air is simulated. The liquid desiccant considered for study is LiCl with 30% concentration and the mass fraction of water vapor used in air is varied from 0.01 to 0.02. The properties of LiCl at 30% concentration were calculated and inlet parameters of air and desiccant are fed to the software as input. The model was subjected to different inlet mass fractions and determined the dehumidification effectiveness.
Semantic Web Services: An Empirical Methodology to Security
Authors:   Computer Applications, Integral University, Lucknow, India., Nayak* Sandeep Kumar , Singh Nagendra Kumar ,   Computer Applications, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
Published: August 2019

In today's modern era, the Semantic Web is progressing at a tremendous speed. The Semantic Web services have opened new possibilities through which any one can avail various services. But if these technologies are not properly protected, then their use can put users in danger. Many people have to face difficulty in assessing the security hazards allied with Semantic Web services. Many Web services such as e-commerce stores various types of data on their database servers. These database servers are distributed across the globe. The e-commerce may use the unalike assortments of database for storing different information. Web services such as e-commerce have to handle assorted types of data. Unalike Web services like e-commerce have to handle assorted types of data. A single database program will not be suitable for storing and processing mixed types of data as it will increase the processing overhead and ultimately reduce the performance of the web service. So there is need arises to define an apposite subclass of databases for each document type.This paper insinuates a set of databases for each type of documents stored on an e-commerce platform. An exertion has been made to define a proper set of database programs for a web service such as e-commerce that adequately manages the requirements of a particular type of data. The tryouts have been steered for an e-commerce Web service for weighing the efficacy of the proposed approach. The results shows that if well-structured database has been used for a Web service such as e-commerce then response can be very quick and chances of packet loss will also be very low. If network attacks such as DoS and man-in-the-middle attack exist within the request, the performance of the Web service severely affected. A network attack may lead to the more chances of packet loss. The paper also delineates the impact of network attacks on web service performance.
Assessing Leanness of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry with Fuzzy Logic
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of science and technology, Murthal, India., Kumar* Narender , Jarial Dr. S. K. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of science and technology, Murthal, India., Narwal Dr. M. S. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of science and technology, Murthal, India.
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study is to calculate the leanness of FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) industry. For this a questionnaire was prepared on the basis on enablers and criteria. Interviews were conducted with the Manager (Admin), Production Manager, Quality Officer, Sale and Purchase officer, Lab Chemist, Engineers based on the questionnaire. The case industry is availing benefits of Lean concept since three year and six months. However, there is room for further improvement.
A Security Architecture for Reallocation in Data Grid Environment
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech University, Chennai (Tamil Nadu), India., Sivasubramanian R. , Arthi Dr. K. ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech University, Chennai (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: August 2019

The grid is one of the eminent technologies which are used for the efficient storing of the data, whereas the data processing in the grid remained difficult until the reallocation strategy was proposed and designated. The data reallocation process which remains an ultimate methodology for the reusability of the grid server, but the grid servers remains unstable and vulnerable in the point of the security architecture. This paper proposes a unique methodology to provide the security to the data that is available in the grid and also to the grid environment. The Sec-Grid algorithm which is proposed for the providing of the efficient security to the grid environment which achieves the greater security for the environment. The two distinct homomorphic algorithms which maintains the proper way of security to the system and the environment. The Experimental Simulation shows the higher achievement of the security to the grid.
ESCOLA RURAL NO SÉCULO XXI: RESPEITO AOS ELEMENTOS DA NATUREZA ATRAVÉS DO AMBIENTE VIVIDO
Authors: Soares Danúbia Zanotelli , Silva Maria das Graças Silva Nascimento
Published: September 2019

O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar as percepções subjetivas acerca do ambiente vivenciado por 20 estudantes do ensino fundamental da zona rural da escola municipal 22 de Abril, localizada no Município de Monte Negro, Rondônia-Brasil. Na paisagem rural encontramos não somente as características físicas dos lugares onde os educandos vivem, mas também a história da comunidade através das modificações empreendidas sobre o lugar, as atividades econômicas resultantes desse processo e as relações sociais entre os sujeitos que ocupam o espaço geográfico. Diante disso, a partir da metodologia de história oral proposto por Meihy (2005) e do método fenomenológico proposto por Gaston Bachelard (1993) buscamos analisar o espaço que os discentes habitam, levando em consideração os problemas ambientais presentes nesses meios e o respeito aos elementos da natureza, resultante do entendimento do meio ambiente como essencial a sobrevivência humana. A escolha pela entidade de ensino municipal se deve pelos projetos que visam à melhoria do ambiente físico escolar, que por meio de ações conciliam reutilização de materiais recicláveis e a construção de áreas de lazer e estudo, demonstrando respeito à natureza e seus recursos, apontando para a necessidade da preservação e uso sustentável do meio ambiente, promovendo educação ambiental. Salutar refletir sobre a educação rural que proporcione aprendizagem voltada as necessidades da população em que atende para além dos conteúdos programados em cada componente curricular, o que nos permite afirmar a premência da observação dos anseios da população onde a unidade de ensino está inserida.
TRAJETÓRIAS MIGRATÓRIAS, PROJETOS ARTÍSTICOS E PRÁTICAS INTELECTUAIS DE HAITIANOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Jordão Roziane Da Silva , Da Silva Sidney Antônio , Cotinguiba Marília Lima Pimentel
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo dialogar sobre a criação artística e intelectual de imigrantes haitianos no Brasil. A partir das letras das músicas “Eu gosto do Brasil” e “Quando eu cheguei aqui”, dos cantores haitianos Alix Georges e  Guerby Cherry, bem como a partir do livro “(Re)construindo um sonho” escrito pelo imigrante haitiano Jac-SSone Alerte, analisamos a atuação do sujeito imigrante intelectual e artista sob a perspectiva do engajamento para a manutenção dos laços culturais que se estabelecem entre os imigrantes haitianos com sua terra natal. Para tanto, além da teoria da migração transnacional e reflexões sobre o conceito de intelectual proposto por Gramsci, recorremos aos teóricos pós-coloniais, tal como Bhabha (1998) no sentido de realizar uma análise sobre a subalternidade e representação do sujeito imigrante. Embora este artigo não seja o resultado final de uma pesquisa- e sim os primeiros achados de uma tese em construção- consideramos que esse campo que delimitamos para estudo é promissor e tem muito a contribuir para os estudos migratórios no Brasil, o que nos motiva a continuar o trabalho. Há muitas produções artísticas e intelectuais de imigrantes haitianos que foram (e são) produzidas no Brasil. Nessas obras, são nítidos o hibridismo cultural e a pluralidade. Em nossa análise sobre as músicas “Eu Gosto do Brasil” e “Quando eu Cheguei aqui”, percebemos e dialogamos sobre as relações sociais que são estabelecidas pelos imigrantes no processo de inserção na sociedade brasileira. As produções artísticas e intelectuais dos imigrantes haitianos estão vinculadas à realização do projeto migratório que estabeleceram para si mesmos.
IMPLICAÇÕES LINGUÍSTICAS NO ACESSO DE IMIGRANTES NA REDE PÚBLICA ESCOLAR DE PORTO VELHO
Authors: Pereira Gabriel Costa , Cotinguiba Laura Aires , Souza Pâmela Melo
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir como o conhecimento da língua portuguesa interfere na permanência e no êxito dos alunos e alunas imigrantes. A partir de estudos já realizados desde 2014, no âmbito do grupo de pesquisa MIMCAB e, a partir de 2016 do projeto temático “Observatório das Migrações em Rondônia – OBMIGRON”, ambos da Universidade Federal de Rondônia, percebeu-se as dificuldades do acesso de crianças imigrantes, especialmente, em virtude das questões linguísticas. Passados oito anos da chegada dos primeiros haitianos e haitianas em Porto Velho, as escolas de ensino básico ainda encontram dificuldades de ordem linguística e cultural com as crianças imigrantes. Trata-se de uma pesquisa em andamento que visa realizar um levantamento das principais dificuldades de comunicação em língua portuguesa entre os alunos, os professores e o corpo técnico de escolas em Porto Velho. Os pressupostos teóricos que norteiam o estudo são os conceitos da Linguística Aplicada, sobretudo, a possibilidade de análise da linguagem em uso, das reflexões sobre os aspectos socioculturais da língua. Os primeiros resultados apontam que muitas crianças imigrantes conseguiram se matricular e estudar nas escolas, mas a inserção é lenta e relativa, pois há ainda muitos desafios, principalmente em relação aos aspectos sociolinguísticos.
A EDUCAÇÃO NA TERRA INDÍGENA RIO GUAPORÉ: PERCEPÇÃO, AVALIAÇÃO E DESAFIOS VIVENCIADOS
Authors: Alves Hellen Virginia da Silva , Silva Maria das Graças Silva Nascimento
Published: September 2019

Este estudo apresenta a percepção das mulheres, alunos e alunas da Terra Indígena Rio Guaporé (TIRG) em relação à educação ofertada nas escolas do território indígena. O objetivo foi identificar como a comunidade avalia aspectos como qualidade e contextualização do material didático ofertado aos alunos, ensino e aprendizagem da língua materna e do português e perfil dos docentes, bem como mapear as principais reivindicações da comunidade para melhoria da qualidade da educação ofertada na TIRG. O estudo desenvolvido se fundamentou na Geografia Fenomenológica e de Gênero. Utilizamos os conceitos de Merleau-Ponty (2015) e Kozel (2007) para analisar a percepção da comunidade. Para pontuar os aspectos culturais e de gênero que envolvem a percepção e avaliação coletiva foram empregados conceitos de Nascimento Silva e Silva (2014), Nascimento Silva e Alves (2017), Freire (2010), Maldi (1991), Caspar (1953; 1955) e Brah (2006). Os instrumentais de pesquisa utilizados foram rodas de conversa, entrevistas e questionários semi-estruturados aplicados às mulheres, alunos e alunas da TIRG. Através das pesquisas realizadas, identificamos a existências de variadas demandas em relação à qualidade da educação que é ofertada em território indígena, dentre as quais destacam-se a necessidade de material didático contextualizado ao  cotidiano e à cultura local, a contratação de professores indígenas e merendeiras, o desenvolvimento de projetos que estimulem a integração e o intercambio de saberes tradicionais entre jovens e idosos, a necessidade de transporte escolar, de elaboração de cardápio adequado à dieta dos povos que habitam a TIRG e de efetiva orientação ou acompanhamento pedagógico por parte da SEDUC aos professores locais, dentre outras. No contexto da educação indígena é primordial que a comunidade de acesso e condições de permanência na escola e a formação e contratação de professores indígenas, bem como a oferta de material didático adequado ao contexto vivenciado pelos alunos e alunas são aspectos fundamentais para que o ensino-aprendizagem tenha êxito.
Penelusuran Persepsi Mahasiswa Atas Program Studi Akuntansi dan Minat Studi Lanjut
Authors: Pramiudi Udi , Setiawan Budi
Published: September 2019

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengukur persepsi mahasiswa tentang kualitas program studi D3 Akuntansi dan S1 Akuntansi STIE Kesatuan serta minat melakukan studi lanjut ke jenjang S2 Akuntansi. Penelitian dilakukan di Agustus 2018 dengan 150 orang mahasiswa sebagai responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode Analisis Deskriptif dan Uji beda Persepsi (uji statistik Wilcoxon). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden memiliki persepsi awal bahwa penyelenggaraan program D3 Akuntansi STIE Kesatuan, dipersepsikan telah memiliki kualitas yang baik. Pemberian informasi akan keunggulan D3 Akuntansi STIE Kesatuan mampu meningkatkan persepsi positif masyarakat akan kualitas D3 Akuntansi STIE Kesatuan. Mayoritas responden menyatakan berminat untuk studi lanjut pada jenjang magister. Keinginan responden untuk dapat meningkatkan kompetensi diri sesuai dengan tuntutan pekerjaan, menjadi faktor stimulus terkuat dalam membentuk minat studi lanjut.

 

Kata Kunci: program studi akuntansi, minat studi lanjut
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Common Posterior Fossa Brain Tumors in Children: A Preliminary Vietnamese Study
Authors: Duc Nguyen Minh , Huy Huynh Quang
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) nowadays plays an important role in the evaluation of posterior fossa brain tumours in children for appropriate diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up.
AIM: To assess the MRI features of common posterior fossa brain tumours including medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and pilocytic astrocytomas along with the postoperative parameters to contribute the local knowledge to the neuroradiology and neurosurgery fields.
METHODS: The study was performed at Children's Hospital 02 from January 2016 to June 2019. In this study, all pediatric patients adopted MRI to evaluate the posterior fossa brain tumours’ characteristics and then underwent surgery to eradicate the posterior fossa tumours. We retrospectively compared the baseline parameters, MRI parameters, and postoperative parameters among medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and pilocytic astrocytomas.
RESULTS: There were 62 patients (27 medulloblastomas, 20 ependymomas, and 15 pilocytic astrocytomas) in this research. The main structure of medulloblastomas and ependymomas was predominantly solid, whereas the main structure of pilocytic astrocytomas was superiorly cystic (p < 0.05). Ependymoma tended to extend tumour through foramina of Luschka and Magendie (p < 0.05). Medulloblastomas chiefly showed iso intensity on T2W and FLAIR images meanwhile ependymomas and pilocytic astrocytomas predominantly appeared hyperintensity on T2W and FLAIR images. Medulloblastomas and ependymomas were mostly high intensity on DWI, and low intensity on ADC whereas pilocytic astrocytomas were usually low intensity on DWI and high intensity on ADC. After injecting CE, pilocytic astrocytomas showed a mixed intensity whereas the signal intensity of medulloblastoma and ependymoma on T1CE was generally strong. There were positive correlations between FH diameter and estimated blood loss (r = 0.289, p < 0.05); and surgical time (r = 0.312, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: MRI plays a crucial role in demonstrating the features of posterior fossa brain tumours for appropriate diagnosis of medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and pilocytic astrocytomas. Medulloblastomas are problematic tumours and the clinicians should also take into consideration in cases of larger feet-to-head diameter of tumours to ensure the efficacy and safety surgery for patients.
Racial Differences in Clinical Features and Comorbidities in Ankylosing Spondylitis in the United States
Authors: Singh Dilpreet Kaur , Magrey Marina N.
Published: September 2019

Objective.

To examine racial differences of clinical features, medication usage, and comorbidities of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the United States.

Methods.

In the Explorys database, 28,520 patients with AS were identified. Data were stratified by 2 rheumatology visits, race, sex, clinical characteristics, medication use, and comorbidities. Datasets were recorded as proportions, which were compared using chi-square test (p < 0.05).

Results.

Of the 10,990 patients with AS, 8% were African Americans and had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, and high frequency of anterior uveitis, hypertension, diabetes, depression, and heart disease.

Conclusion.

African Americans with AS in the United States have high disease activity and comorbidities compared to whites.
The Relationship Between Physical Examination and Ultrasonography of Large Entheses of the Achilles Tendon and Patellar Tendon Origin
Authors: Aydin Sibel Zehra , Bakirci Sibel , Kasapoglu Esen , Castillo-Gallego Concepcion , Alhussain Fatıma Arslan , Ash Zoe R. , Kurum Esra , McGonagle Dennis , Marzo-Ortega Helena , Gladman Dafna , Eder Lihi
Published: September 2019

Objective.

To investigate the relationship between physical examination (PE) and sonographic features of enthesitis, based on anatomical sites.

Methods.

The analysis was done using merged raw data of 3 studies on 2298 entheses.

Results.

Patients with clinical Achilles enthesitis had more abnormalities on ultrasound (US): hypoechogenicity, p < 0.001; thickening, p = 0.001; Doppler signals, p = 0.002; and erosions, p = 0.02. The patellar tendon origin also correlated with PE but distal patellar tendon insertion and plantar aponeurosis were uncoupled from the US.

Conclusion.

The relationship between clinical and sonographic findings for large entheses is dependent on the anatomical site. For the patellar tendon origin and Achilles entheses, PE is significantly linked to US findings.
The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Chile: A Nationwide Study Performed as Part of the National Health Survey
Authors: Durán Josefina , Massardo Loreto , Llanos Carolina , Iacobelli Sergio , Burgos Paula I. , Cisternas Marcela , Iruretagoyena Mirentxu , Armstrong Macarena , Aguilera Raquel , Radrigán Francisco , Martinez María Eugenia , Passi-Solar Alvaro , Riedemann Pablo , Crisóstomo Natalia , Cifuentes Camila , Hagedorn Lucero , Cisternas Alvaro , Vasquez Nancy , Margozzini Paula ,   the ENS2017 Study Group
Published: September 2019

Objective.

Genetic and environmental backgrounds influence the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In Latin America, epidemiologic data are scarce. We aimed to determine the prevalence of RA in Chile in a population-based study.

Methods.

The National Health Survey was a cross-sectional household survey with a stratified multistage probability sample of 6233 participants performed between August 2016 and March 2017. A screening instrument for RA was applied to a random sample of 3847 subjects > 30 years old. Positive screening was defined by at least 1 of the following: 2 swollen joints for at least 4 consecutive weeks (past/present), and/or a diagnosis of arthritis in the past. Individuals with positive screening had rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies, and C-reactive protein measured, as well as clinical examination performed by a rheumatologist. Self-report of doctor-diagnosed RA was also performed.

Results.

The screening questionnaire was applied to 2998 subjects. A positive screening was found for 783 (22.1%). Among subjects with positive screening, 493 (66%) had a clinical evaluation performed by a rheumatologist. Using the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2010 classification criteria, prevalence was 0.6% (95% CI 0.3–1.2). Prevalence was higher in women, and 3.3% of subjects self-reported having RA.

Conclusion.

According to this national population-based study, RA prevalence in Chile is 0.6% (0.3–1.2), a value similar to what has been found in developed countries and slightly lower than some Latin American countries. Self-reporting leads to overestimating RA.
Special Issue. Towards Global Green Criminological Dialogues: Voices from the Americas and Europe. Guest Editors' Introduction
Authors: Goyes David Rodríguez , Sollund Ragnhild , South Nigel
Published: August 2019

The aim of this dual special issue project—simultaneously published in two languages in two distinguished international journals (International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy and Critica Penal y Poder) —is to support the goal of Southern criminology to level inequalities in the valuing of criminological knowledge in the Global North and the Global South (Carrington, Dixon et al. 2019; Carrington, Hogg et al. 2019; Carrington, Hogg and Sozzo 2016). In opening ‘dialogues’ and collaborations between South and North, we aim to highlight the important contributions made by writers on the environment, justice and good ways of living to the democratisation of knowledge and pursuit of cognitive justice (Santos 2009, 2014, 2018).
Between ‘Conservation’ and ‘Development’: The Construction of ‘Protected Nature’ and the Environmental Disenfranchisement of Indigenous Communities
Authors: Goyes David Rodríguez , South Nigel
Published: August 2019

Conservation and development discourses are the two main frameworks in which global debates on how to relate to nature occur. These discourses are considered as opposed; while conservation discourses argue for the maintenance of nature in its pristine state, development discourses seek to justify re-engineering spaces to give place to cities, monocultures and roads. However, both discourses have one practical consequence in common: the environmental disfranchisement of Indigenous communities. This article uses the case of the Ecuadorian Yasuní Park to show how the implementation of both conservation and development discourses ultimately disempower Indigenous communities. We use media reports and governmental statements to document the Yasuní case. A critical analysis of the dynamics behind this and other cases allows us to expose the misleading messages, the ironic consequences and the false motives involved in some conservation projects.
Elites and foreign actors among the alt-right: The Gab social media platform
Authors: Zhou Yuchen , Dredze Mark , Broniatowski David A. , Adler William D.
Published: September 2019

Content regulation and censorship of social media platforms is increasingly discussed by governments and the platforms themselves. To date, there has been little data-driven analysis of the effects of regulated content deemed inappropriate on online user behavior. We therefore compared Twitter — a popular social media platform that occasionally removes content in violation of its Terms of Service — to Gab — a platform that markets itself as completely unregulated. Launched in mid-2016, Gab is, in practice, dominated by individuals who associate with the “alt-right” political movement in the United States. Despite its billing as “The Free Speech Social Network,” Gab users display more extreme social hierarchy and elitism when compared to Twitter. Although the framing of the site welcomes all people, Gab users’ content is more homogeneous, preferentially sharing material from sites traditionally associated with the extremes of American political discourse, especially the far right. Furthermore, many of these sites are associated with state-sponsored propaganda from foreign governments. Finally, we discovered a significant presence of German language posts on Gab, with several topics focusing on German domestic politics, yet sharing significant amounts of content from U.S. and Russian sources. These results indicate possible emergent linkages between domestic politics in European and American far right political movements. Implications for regulation of social media platforms are discussed.
Ubiquitous tools, connected things and intelligent agents: Disentangling the terminology and revealing underlying theoretical dimensions
Authors: Etzrodt Katrin , Engesser Sven
Published: September 2019

Research on the social implications of technological developments is highly relevant. However, a broader comprehension of current innovations and their underlying theoretical frameworks is limited by their rapid evolution, as well as a plethora of different terms and definitions. The terminology used to describe current innovations varies significantly among disciplines, such as social sciences and computer sciences. This article contributes to systematic and cross-disciplinary research on current technological applications in everyday life by identifying the most relevant concepts (i.e., Ubiquitous Computing, Internet of Things, Smart Objects and Environments, Ambient Environments and Artificial Intelligence) and relating them to each other. Key questions, core aspects, similarities and differences are identified. Theoretically disentangling terminology results in four distinct analytical dimensions (connectivity, invisibility, awareness, and agency) that facilitate and address social implications. This article provides a basis for a deeper understanding, precise operationalisations, and an increased anticipation of impending developments.
Steel structures damage from the Christchurch earthquake series of 2010 and 2011
Authors: Clifton Charles , Bruneau Michel , MacRae Greg , Leon Roberto , Fussell Alistair
Published: September 2019

This paper presents preliminary field observations on the performance of selected steel structures in Christchurch during the earthquake series of 2010 to 2011. This comprises 6 damaging earthquakes, on 4 September and 26 December 2010, February 22, June 6 and two on June 13, 2011. Most notable of these was the 4 September event, at Ms7.1 and MM7 (MM as observed in the Christchurch CBD) and most intense was the 22 February event at Ms6.3 and MM9-10 within the CBD. Focus is on performance of concentrically braced frames, eccentrically braced frames, moment resisting frames and industrial storage racks. With a few notable exceptions, steel structures performed well during this earthquake series, to the extent that inelastic deformations were less than what would have been expected given the severity of the recorded strong motions. Some hypotheses are formulated to explain this satisfactory performance.
Building and bridge pounding damage observed in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake
Authors: Cole Gregory , Chouw Nawawi , Dhakal Rajesh
Published: September 2019

This paper describes pounding damage sustained by buildings and bridges in the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Approximately 6% of buildings in Christchurch CBD were observed to have suffered some form of serious pounding damage. Almost all of this pounding damage occurred in masonry buildings, further highlighting their vulnerability to this phenomenon. Modern buildings were found to be vulnerable to pounding damage where overly stiff and strong ‘flashing’ components were installed in existing building separations. Soil variability is identified as a key aspect that amplifies the relative movement of buildings, and hence increases the likelihood of pounding damage. Pounding damage in bridges was found to be relatively minor and infrequent in the Christchurch earthquake.
Observed performance of industrial pallet rack storage systems in the Canterbury earthquakes
Authors: Uma S. R. , Beattie Graeme
Published: August 2019

In Christchurch, the industrial sectors with storage facilities incurred heavy economic loss due to the collapse of pallet rack systems and loss of contents during the recent the Darfield (2010) and Lyttleton (2011) earthquakes. The failure of such systems could be attributed to various reasons including inadequate design, inappropriate operational conditions, improper installation and lack of maintenance. This paper describes possible sources of damage in pallet racks due to earthquake action, which eventually could trigger the collapse failure mode of the storage system during a severe aftershock.

Various racking manufacturers and retail owners were consulted to establish the pre-event condition and loading of the systems and the response of the systems in both ‘publicly accessible’ and ‘industrial’ situations. Investigations by the authors highlighted an apparent lack of consistent national control over the design and construction of racking systems. Progress towards the publication of a revised and extended Design Guide is also described.
Performance of engineered timber structures in the Canterbury earthquakes
Authors: Buchanan Andrew , Carradine David , Jordan Justin
Published: September 2019

The September 2010 and February 2011 earthquakes in Canterbury, New Zealand resulted in significant ground excitations that caused severe geotechnical effects and widespread structural damage. This paper outlines the various forms of damage to different types of engineered timber structures, including timber water tanks. Most of the damage resulted from lateral spreading and high levels of horizontal and vertical ground acceleration. The response of these building types is discussed. Engineered timber structures generally performed well both for life safety and serviceability, with most buildings ready for occupation within a short time following the events.
Comparison between standards for seismic design of liquid storage tanks with respect to soil-foundation-structure interaction and uplift
Authors: Ormeño Miguel , Larkin Tam , Chouw Nawawi
Published: September 2019

Field evidence has established that strong earthquakes can cause severe damage or even collapse of liquid storage tanks. Many tanks worldwide are built near the coast on soft soils of marginal quality. Because of the difference in stiffness between the tank (rigid), foundation (rigid) and the soil (flexible), soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI) has an important effect on the seismic response, often causing an elongation of the period of the impulsive mode. This elongation is likely to produce a significant change in the seismic response of the tank and will affect the loading on the structure. An issue not well understood, in the case of unanchored tanks, is uplift of the tank base that usually occurs under anything more than moderate dynamic loading. This paper presents a comparison of the loads obtained using “Appendix E of API STANDARD 650” of the American Petroleum Institute and the “Seismic Design of Storage Tanks” produced by the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering. The seismic response assessed using both codes is presented for a range of tanks incorporating a range of the most relevant parameters in design. The results obtained from the analyses showed that both standards provide similar base shear and overturning moment; however, the results given for the anchorage requirement and uplift are different.
Design and testing of reinforced concrete frames incorporating the slotted beam detail
Authors: Byrne J.D.R. , Bull D.K.
Published: August 2019

Shortcomings of modern seismic design in reinforced concrete have necessitated the development of new systems capable of addressing these issues. Able to be constructed using existing industry techniques, the slotted beam is one such practicable, economic solution. While earlier research by Au (2010) showed promising results for this system, it also highlighted issues with bond of beam reinforcement within interior joints and understanding of the joint shear mechanism. This paper explains and addresses these issues through a summary of the desktop and experimental research undertaken. The results were encouraging with 2 specimens successfully tested without bar slip and minimal beam elongation.
Using seismic isolation and energy dissipation to create earthquake-resilient buildings
Authors: Mayes R. L. , Brown A. G. , Pietra D.
Published: August 2019

Seismic isolation with energy dissipation is a technology that has been used in New Zealand since 1978 for bridges and buildings. During this period it has seen limited use, tending to be applied mainly to historically significant buildings, or buildings that have special functional requirements.

Seismic isolation has the ability to significantly improve the seismic performance of existing buildings through a seismic retrofit, or to create new earthquake-resilient buildings. Both of these applications are of greater relevance throughout New Zealand following the Canterbury earthquakes. Consequently, the consideration of seismic isolation is no longer limited to those buildings at the top end of the Importance Level spectrum.

This paper examines the broad technical issues associated with isolation and energy dissipation. It discusses the benefits and costs of seismic isolation, and presents guidelines for cost estimation at the feasibility stage of projects. We will explore the cost-benefits for building owners, and discuss whether base isolation can replace earthquake insurance for the building and its contents, and business interruption insurance.
Reality-check and renewed challenges in earthquake engineering
Authors: Pampanin Stefano
Published: August 2019

Earthquake Engineering is facing an extraordinarily challenging era, the ultimate target being set at increasingly higher levels by the demanding expectations of our modern society. The renewed challenge is to be able to provide low-cost, thus more widely affordable, high-seismic-performance structures capable of sustaining a design level earthquake with limited or negligible damage, minimum disruption of business (downtime) or, in more general terms, controllable socio-economical losses. The Canterbury earthquakes sequence in 2010-2011 has represented a tough reality check, confirming the current mismatch between societal expectations over the reality of seismic performance of modern buildings. In general, albeit with some unfortunate exceptions, modern multi-storey buildings performed as expected from a technical point of view, in particular when considering the intensity of the shaking (higher than new code design) they were subjected to. As per capacity design principles, plastic hinges formed in discrete regions, allowing the buildings to sway and stand and people to evacuate. Nevertheless, in many cases, these buildings were deemed too expensive to be repaired and were consequently demolished. Targeting life-safety is arguably not enough for our modern society, at least when dealing with new building construction. A paradigm shift towards damage-control design philosophy and technologies is urgently required. This paper and the associated presentation will discuss motivations, issues and, more importantly, cost-effective engineering solutions to design buildings capable of sustaining low-level of damage and thus limited business interruption after a design level earthquake. Focus will be given to the extensive research and developments in jointed ductile connections based upon controlled rocking & dissipating mechanisms for either reinforced concrete and, more recently, laminated timber structures. An overview of recent on-site applications of such systems, featuring some of the latest technical solutions developed in the laboratory and including proposals for the rebuild of Christchurch, will be provided as successful examples of practical implementation of performance-based seismic design theory and technology.
Seismic testing of model-scale geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls
Authors: Jackson Perry , Bowman Elisabeth T. , Cubrinovski Misko
Published: August 2019

This paper presents an experimental study on a series of reduced-scale model GRS walls with Full-Height-Rigid facings conducted on a shake-table at the University of Canterbury. Each model was 900 mm high, reinforced by five layers of stiff Microgrid reinforcement and constructed of dry dense Albany sand. The ratio of geogrid length L to wall height H, L/H, was varied from 0.6 to 0.9, while the wall inclination was generally vertical (90° to horizontal) with 70° for one test. During sinusoidal shaking, facing displacements and accelerations within the backfill were recorded. Failure for all models was predominantly by overturning, with some small sliding component generated in the final shaking step. An increase in L/H resulted in a decrease in wall displacement, while a decrease in wall inclination from the vertical resulted in similar benefits. Detailed analysis of the deformation of one of the tests is presented. During testing, global and local deformations within the backfill were investigated using two methods: the first utilised coloured horizontal and vertical sand markers placed within the backfill; the second utilised high-speed camera imaging for subsequent analysis using Geotechnical Particle Image Velocimetry (GeoPIV) software. GeoPIV enabled strains to be identified within the soil at far smaller strain levels than that rendered visible using the coloured sand markers. These complementary methods allowed the spatial and temporal progressive development of deformation within the reinforced and retained backfill to be examined.
Seeking Identities Across the Worlds---A Critical Analysis of Ang Lee’s Film The Wedding Banquet
Authors: Yu Jiefei
Published: August 2019

Up till the present, most researches on Ang Lee’s films focused on cultural difference and cultural clash in the area of cultural studies. The identity problems facing by the Asian diasporas are neglected by past researchers. Based on the exploration of cultural identity from the perspective of diaspora in cross-cultural world, this paper picks up the Chinese English film The Wedding Banquet as an exemplification to interpret cultural identity politics of the immigrants in America. In the film The Wedding Banquet, the protagonists' identities are fragmented as the coming of the joyous parents comes from Taiwan for the wedding. This exploration of identity can help us to understand the exilic essence of the immigrants’ identity. For the immigrants, identity is always floating and travelling, without a final destination, except some temporary location. The happy ending of the film could be viewed as the “hybridization” of cultural recognition and as the ultimate solution to the identity problem and the Chinese-American cultural confrontation.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 15, No. 9
Authors: Zhang Jenny
Published: August 2019

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 15, No. 9 2019.
Individual, Pair and Group Writing Activity: A Case Study of Undergraduate EFL Student Writing
Authors: Kaweera Chittima , Yawiloeng Rattana , Tachom Khomkrit
Published: September 2019

The present study aimed to compare between individual and collaborative writing (pair and group of four) activities of 72 EFL students. The subjects of the study were assigned to produce their tasks by these three activities. Qualitative method was employed by using interview of nine students drawn from students with different levels of English proficiency (low, fair and high). It was focused on their perspectives towards skills practiced during working on written tasks: writing, thinking, participation, communication as well as their satisfaction of these activities. The results from content analysis demonstrated that overall the students practiced participation skills when doing individual and pair work. The students practiced writing skills when joining group work. With regard to the students’ satisfaction, low proficiency students in low group were likely to enjoy coauthoring activity either pair or group work. Their satisfaction seemed to increase according to the number of group members. This is important for writing teachers to provide this activity for low proficiency students as this may lower the students’ anxiety and foster their self-confidence, compared with completing tasks individually. On the contrary high proficiency students seemed to enjoy writing alone and were fairly satisfied group work. These students were likely to be more confident when performing the tasks individually or experienced some problems that might impede working collaboratively.
Constitutional Grounds for Questioning Elections in Nigeria: An Overview
Authors: Osadolor F. O.
Published: August 2019

Periodic elections are major planks of democracy that has its attendant grievance procedure which ensures that the real consent of the governed is sort and obtained. The origination process in Nigeria is through election petitions, which is sui generis. The appropriate electoral statute and the constitution prescribe the grounds for questioning elections in Nigeria. The essence of this paper therefore is to resolve the apparent conflict as to where to predicate the grounds for questioning elections in Nigeria. Is it the Electoral Act, the Constitution or both in pursuit of electoral justice: Quo vadis?
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 12, No. 3
Authors: Tai William
Published: August 2019

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 12, No. 3, 2019.
The Qing Policy of Self-Isolation in China
Authors: Khusnutdinova Elvina Albertovna , Martynov Dmitry Evgenyevich , Martynova Yulia Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2019

This article discusses the difficult period of the XVII - XIX century in China's development. As a result of Manchu taking over China, the Qing empire was formed, and historiographers differ in evaluating the results of its rule. On the one hand, the Qing dynasty inherited the sinocentric view of the world from its predecessors - China was declared as the center of the universe, and all other states as sidelined vassals, who should not be subject to equal treatment. Manchu attempted to apply this doctrine in practice, which resulted in a significant expansion of the state, the annexation of Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang, and border wars with Russia, Vietnam and Burma. The self-isolation policy led to economic stagnation while the population was growing strongly. These problems could not have been resolved within the bounds of the traditional society.
Right to Life: Improvements in the Legislation of the Russian Federation Concerning Palliative Care
Authors: Khurmatullina Alsu Machmutovna , Amirova Rimma Rashitovna , Smirnova Olga Mikhailovna
Published: August 2019

This article raises the issues of organizing palliative care as one of the forms of implementing the right to life. The authors identify and describe the principles of palliative care. International law regulating palliative care is reviewed, along with a brief overview of the development of Russian law concerning palliative care and a list of patients who may be subject to palliative care. Special attention is given to the issue of decision-making by the patient's family. In connection with that, examples are cited for foreign models of communication between palliative care and decision science researchers, theorists, and clinicians, patients and their families for the purpose of exchanging information and studying the patients' health issues, discussing treatment options and making coordinated decisions during the life-limiting illness of patients.

The results of this research are based on using the following methods: universal dialectical method of scientific cognition, as well as general scientific methods based on it (description, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, analogy, generalization) and specific scientific methods (comparative law method, systematic structural method and formal law method).