AB0617 BISPHOSPHONATES DANS L’OSTÉOPOROSE ET LE RISQUE D’OSTÉONÉCROSE DE LA MÂCHOIRE, ENVIRON 896 CAS
Authors: Halidou A. R. , Nassar K. , Janani S. 
Published: May 2021

Background:

Bisphosphonates (BF) are used in the treatment of osteoporosis, Paget’s disease of bone, hypercalcemia and in patients with cancer. When used to treat osteoporosis, the optimal duration of treatment is 3 to 5 years; however, their long-term use has been rarely associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Objectives:

To assess the risk of developing osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients followed for osteoporosis and on bisphosphonates (BP).

Methods:

Type of study: retrospective study conducted at the rheumatology department of the IBN ROCHD CHU in Casablanca.

Duration: from October 2013 to October 2020 (7 years).

Inclusion criteria: all patients followed for osteoporosis in the weakening osteopathies unit of the bone and treated with oral or intravenous bisphosphonates.

Exclusion criteria: patients followed for other than osteoporosis.

Results:

896 patients were treated during this period. The average age was 62.74 years (28 to 90 years), of which 85.16% were women and 14.84% were men, for a sex ratio (F / M) of 5.74. As a history, 18.75% of patients are diabetic, 26.56% followed for breast neoplasm, 14.06% of patients had received long-term corticosteroid therapy for various pathologies such as chronic inflammatory rheumatism. Osteoporosis was postmenopausal in 687 patients, ie 76.67% of cases, 14.06% after long-term corticosteroid therapy, 8.15% following hormone therapy (anti-aromatases) and 6.92% following chemotherapy; note that 18.16% of these patients were found in at least two of the situations. The mean bone mineral density (BMD), T-score pair considered in all [T-score (BMD)] is -3 (0.736) in the lumbar spine (L1-L4), -2.9 (0.658) at the femoral neck, -2.6 (0.804) at the total hip before the start of treatment. 69.97% of the patients were put on Alendronic acid, 12.50% on Residronic acid, 10.93% on Zolidronic acid, 3.46% on Pamidronic acid and 3.14% received Strontium Ranelate, note that before the start of the treatment all the patients benefited from a dental consultation followed by care of any lesions, the bisphosphonates were only introduced after having ruled out all their dental contraindications, the average duration of treatment for all the molecules was 4.71 years (2 to 5 years) and no patient developed osteonecrosis of the jaw. The change in control BMD on average after 2 years of treatment was -2.7 (0.782) at the lumbar spine, -2.6 (0.749) at the femoral neck and -2.4 (0.713) at the hip total, after 5 years -2.4 (0.874) at the spine, -2.1 (0.809) at the femoral neck and -1.93 (861) at the total hip.

Conclusion:

The occurrence of ONJ in the treatment of osteoporosis with the use of BFs is rare, and appears to be unpredictable; but maintaining therapeutic caution, consisting in diagnosing and treating any dental lesions before starting treatment, can considerably reduce or even cancel the risk of occurrence; especially in patients treated with long-term intravenous pamidronate.

References:

[1]Dr Halidou Idrissa Abdoul-Rahamane, Pr Kawtar Nassar, PR Saadia Janani.

[2]Rheumatology department of the IBN ROCHD CHU in CASABLANCA. Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. Hassan II University. Morocco

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared.