bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discutindo uma atividade sobre o um método histórico e o uso de materiais concretos para o ensino de matemática
Authors: Oliveira Luis Carlos Barbosa , Silva Neto Benjamim Cardoso da , Silva Evanildo Borges da
Published: February 2023

A inserção da História da Matemática na Educação Básica tem sido objeto de estudo em diversas produções acadêmicas, fazendo emergir diversificadas maneiras de trabalhar e conduzir a prática docente com uso de informações históricas matemáticas. Dessa forma, esse artigo tem o objetivo de discutir acerca do desenvolvimento de uma atividade didática em uma turma do 3º ano do Ensino Médio sobre o método de Arquimedes (287 a. C. – 212 a. C) para determinação de medidas do círculo aliado ao uso de materiais concretos. Adota-se a investigação histórica no ensino de Matemática como pressuposto teórico acerca da História para o ensino de Matemática para a elaboração de uma atividade com aspecto investigativo e criativo que possibilite ao aluno a argumentação e a comunicação como atitudes de ordenação de seu conhecimento. A atividade desenvolvida apresenta a reprodução do método da exaustão sistematizado por Arquimedes de Siracusa para determinação de medidas do círculo, para tal utilizou-se três aulas de 50 minutos. Essa pesquisa é qualitativa e bibliográfica se fundamentando na discussão acerca da construção e aplicação da atividade dividida em quatro passos para reprodução em forma de problemática a ser solucionada com auxílio de materiais concretos. Aplicou-se um questionário de forma a sintetizar as apreensões gerais sobre os procedimentos adotados como engajamento de atividades didáticas em salas de aula que por sua vez revelou que os alunos sentiram-se motivados pela metodologia, revelando serem aulas promissoras e atraentes.
Cidadania em Vermelho e Branco: O Bloco e suas experiências em diálogo com a Cultura Popular (2006 – 2021)
Authors:   , Paula Murilo Bandeira de
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo refletir sobre as dinâmicas culturais do grupo percussivo O BLOCO. Discorremos sobre os diálogos com as culturas populares do Maracatu de baque virado e o Congado em Viçosa, Minas Gerais e outros territórios. A partir de sua fundação, desnudamos elementos sensíveis ao grupo, seus integrantes e parcerias estabelecidas em rede cultural. Trabalhamos aspectos das concepções artísticas e políticas de jovens universitários que reproduzem os ritmos percussivos brasileiros. Apresentamos desafios e possibilidades de se fazer da cultura ferramenta de construção de cidadania, respeito à diversidade e autonomia. Como recurso metodológico, trabalhamos com a oralidade, a pesquisa-ação, revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Palavras-chave: Cultura Popular. Cidadania. Territórios.
O impacto da Portaria 315 de abril de 2018 no arquivo do registro escolar da Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Authors:   , Dias Mariza Silva Santos
Published: February 2023

O futuro dos arquivos depende da importância dada a eles no presente. Essa afirmação leva a uma análise do impacto da Portaria 315 do MEC nas instituições de ensino superior no Brasil. Antes de digitalizar, as instituições devem realizar a gestão de documentos pois de acordo com a legislação não é possível guardar tudo. Assim sendo, eleger certas memórias e eliminar outras é uma forma de definir qual tipo de história será transmitida para as futuras gerações. Este trabalho traz considerações a respeito da importância da memória preservada através dos acervos arquivísticos, analisando o impacto da portaria 315 do MEC no arquivo do Registro Escolar da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Para realizar essa investigação nos valemos de análise bibliográfica sobre as mudanças na gestão dos arquivos ao longo do tempo e análise da legislação atual relacionada aos acervos acadêmicos digitais com o objetivo de refletir sobre a gestão de documentos no Registro Escolar da UFV e pensando em sua preservação. Palavras-chave: Portaria 315. Digitalização. Quarta Revolução Industrial. Gestão de Documentos. Lei de Acesso à Informação.
PENGARUH EFIKASI DIRI DAN MANAJEMEN WAKTU TERHADAP PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK DI SMKN 31 JAKARTA
Authors: Salsabila Dafiza , Faslah Roni , Yohana Corry
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah efikasi diri dan manajemen waktu berpengaruh terhadap prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa kelas XI di SMKN 31 Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif, dan despriptif kausalitas. Populasi penelitian ini merupakan siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 31 Jakarta dengan teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan propotional random sampling dengan jumlah 125 siswa sebagai responden. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu terdapat uji persyaratan analisis, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linear berganda, dan uji hipotesis dengan IBM SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri dan manajemen waktu secara bersama-sama berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap prokrastinasi akademik dengan besar pengaruh sebesar 48,7% dan 51,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti.
Awareness and Knowledge of Glaucoma among Selected Population Groups in Aden
Authors: Baabbad Abeer Ahmed Sheikh , Bawazir Rawa Abdullah , Yousuf Seena Abdulla
Published: February 2023

Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the level of glaucoma awareness and knowledge among people in Aden, and to show the effect of age, sex, education level, occupation and residency on the awareness of glaucoma.
Methods: Community–based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Aden Governorate, during the period November 2021 – February2022. Five hundred participants, aged 24 years old and more, were interviewed. A structured questionnaire was used to gather information on person’s demographics, awareness and knowledge of glaucoma. Data were recorded and analyzed using SPSS program-20.
Results: Out of the five hundred participants, 316 were females. Overall; 84% were aware of glaucoma, and showed statistically significant association between awareness and their education, occupation and residency. However, there was no statistically significant association between awareness and the sex or various age groups. The main source of information was the relatives. The highest percentage (67.1%) of the aware group reported that glaucoma can result in blindness. Increased intraocular pressure, increased age and diabetes were the main risk factors chosen by the participants.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a high level of awareness of glaucoma among people in Aden but inadequate knowledge about it. Health education programs should be activated at all levels of health and eye care services to increase knowledge about glaucoma to prevent the irreversible loss of vision due to the second main cause of blindness worldwide.
DIGITAL FINANCIAL TRANSACTION USAGE AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF CUSTOMERS: EVIDENCE FROM GUJARAT
Authors: Parmar Prakashchandra , Sheth Ketaki
Published: February 2023

The digital payments are promoted with the objective of to make seamless digital payments available to for customers in a way that is accessible, easy, affordable, rapid, and secure. Therefor this study is an attempt to know the use of digital financial transaction by customers of Gujarat state. The data is collected from primary sources through digital questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software. This study concludes that majority of customers use digital transactions but still there are some customers who didn’t prefer to use it, therefore it is suggested that the digital payment platforms or banks or researchers should identify the reasons for not using the digital financial transaction.
REVISING REFERENCE LISTS OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS ON USER REQUESTS: EXPERIENCE OF THE CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS
Authors: Dickaya A. A.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with one of the popular paid services of the Central Scientific Library n.a. Y.Kolas of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - the revision of the lists of references for scientific works. The peculiarities of compiling and editing the bibliographic lists, according to the established regulations, are noted.
HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BGUT LIBRARY: TO THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF ITS FOUNDATION
Authors: Sivenkova I. N.
Published: February 2023

The article describes the formation and development of the library of the Belarusian State University of Food and Chemical Technologies: from its foundation to the present day. The main historical milestones of the library in persons, events and dates are presented, and the current stage of the library's activities is described. The key areas of work and indicators for the library's development over a 50-year period were highlighted.
The Influence of Collateral Availability on Access to Credit by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Meru County
Authors: Onkundi Gladys , Munene Halldess Nguta , Walubuka Elijah
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) significantly contribute to both social and economic development of people largely through their roles in job and innovation creation, and revenue generation. Majority of SMEs are undercapitalized due to inaccessibility of credit facilities. This adversely influence their capacity to invest in productive ventures and realize their corporate goals. Factors that influence SMEs’ access to credit are not well known. Thus, the current study sought to establish the influence of collateral availability on access to credit by SMEs in Meru County.

Methodology: The study was guided by the theory of information asymmetry and the pecking order theory. The study was based on the descriptive survey design. The study targeted 204,810 SMEs in Meru County of which 384 SME owners were sampled using stratified sampling. Quantitative data was analyzed using both inferential and descriptive statistics.Qualitative data was analysed thematically.

Findings: The study found that majority of SMEs in Meru County are able to access credit from SACCOs but not from MFIs and Banks without necessarily having to provide collateral since guarantors’ savings act as security for the loans.

Recommendations: The study recommend that SMEs should ensure that they do not have negative listing by CRB to increase their chances of accessing credit. The study also recommend SMEs owners to acquire training on how to prepare and maintain proper financial statements.
Aspecte generale privind evoluția armelor de foc portative în spațiul european
Authors:   Muzeul Etnografic al Transilvaniei, Filip Andrei
Published: February 2023

The goal of this article is to serve as a general presentation or introduction into the history of portable firearms and their evolution over the ages. While we are mostly referring to firearms in general, we do have a small emphasis on the ones that were used for hunting wild game. We start by showcasing the first types of handheld firearm mechanisms such as hand-cannons, culverines and we move towards the end of the 14th century and into the 15th to showcase the rise of the matchlocks and the first wheellocks muskets. Appearing during an age when technological advances were rife, these two particular firearms were the forefathers of the rifle as we know it today. While clumsy to operate they still provided an advantage for the user, being during warfare or hunting for that mat‑ ter. Some examples of such firearms still exist in various museum and private collection around the world. Next we move towards the invention of the flintlock, a firearm that set the standard for about two hundred years. Invented during the 17th century this weapon slowly became the norm of every army, but also every hunter in Europe (given he could afford to own one). Another great innovation for portable firearms was the mechanism that allowed the loading of the powder and eventually of the full metal jacket rounds through the breech of the firearm. This particular kind of mechanism is still in use today on the majority of the hunting rifles. While the progress of portable firearms was at times slow, it was nonetheless steadily advancing alongside the progress regarding ballistics. All of these innovations regarding portable firearms also changed the way men have been hunting for the last few centuries.
Stress Indicators Among 21st Century University Students
Authors: Ashok Kumar Kavitha , Suraya Aina , Jeppu Ashok Kumar , M. Attala Sohayla , R Sakina
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Pursuing higher education has always been considered to be stressful as students need to adapt to new social and academic environment. Higher education in recent years has shifted from teacher centred authoritarian approach to student centred learning with amicable learning environment. In this changing scenario, this study aims to identify the indicators of stress and stress levels among 21st century university students and fathom the demographic factors influencing it. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on students attending a private university in Malaysia using Stress Indicators Questionnaire. The data was analysed with descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: A total of 1050 university students aged between 18-30 years from different faculties voluntarily participated in the study. All respondents reported stress varying from very low to dangerous levels. Among the indicators of stress, sleep and emotional indicators were at dangerous levels, physical indicators and personal habits were at high level and behaviour indicators were perceived at medium level. A significant difference in total stress score between students of different age groups and ethnicity were observed, while no significant difference was noted with regards to gender. Conclusion: This study reveals that various indicators of stress are prevalent among the present-day university students. It may help guide policy makers and teachers in early identification of stress among their pupils and plan effective strategies aimed at balancing a good quality of life and academic achievement for the learners in institutions of higher learning.
Sensitivity and Specificity Tests of Hemoglobin Examination Between Hemoglobinometer and Hematology Analyzer on Pregnant Mothers
Authors: Arbie Nurul Widowaty , Rita Amini Warastuti  , Adnan Malaha
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity test of hemoglobin examination on pregnant women using Hemoglobinometer and Hematology Analyzer devices. The research method used a quantitative approach with the type of research being analytic observational research.

       The type of data used was primary data in the form of research results and secondary data in the form of data obtained from literature, books and documents. The sampling technique in this study was a purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 73 people taken from the Kota Utara Public Health Center and Toto Kabila Regional General Hospital.

       The results showed that the hemoglobinometer has a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 100%, while the hematology analyzer has a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 100%.
Big Data Analytics: A Literature Review Paper
Authors: Miss. Pawar Sakshi  , Mrs. Gauri Malwadkar
Published: February 2023

In the age of information, decision-makers now have access to an enormous amount of data. The term "big data" refers to datasets that are not only large but also extremely diverse and fast, making it challenging to deal with them using conventional methods and tools. In order to handle and extract value and knowledge from these datasets, it is necessary to investigate and provide solutions due to the rapid growth of such data. In addition, decision-makers need to be able to draw useful conclusions from such a wide range of data that is constantly changing, such as data from daily transactions, customer interactions, and social network data. Using big data analytics, which is the application of advanced analytics methods to big data, such value can be provided. The purpose of this paper is to look at some of the various analytics tools and methods that can be used with big data, as well as the opportunities provided by using big data analytics in different decision domains.
Blending of Floating Car Data and Point-Based Sensor Data to Deduce Operating Speeds under Different Traffic Flow Conditions
Authors: Del Serrone Giulia
Published: February 2023

Nowadays, smart mobility can rely on innovative tools for the knowledge of road system conditions, like operating speed data extracted from the so-called Floating Car Data (FCD). Probe vehicles in the traffic flow send to operation centres a large amount of travel information, collected through GPS detection systems, especially with regard to geolocation, date and time, direction and speed. As the sample deriving from these vehicles represents a tiny portion of the entire vehicular fleet, in this paper an analysis and a comparison with data obtained by point-based traffic sensors is proposed. Therefore, the study analyses data collected by inductive loop detectors and microwave radar sensors, that provide information on the entire traffic flow in the time domain, in particular with the aim to identify free flow speed time bands. Afterwards, by means of the fusion between the results obtained from the data coming from these point-based control units and the ones coming from the probe vehicles, a comparison of the operating speeds in the two conditions of constrained and unconstrained traffic flow is performed.
Stress dependent behaviour of unbound layers of unselected construction and demolition waste aggregates by lightweight deflectometer tests
Authors: Tefa Luca
Published: February 2023

The use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) aggregates in unbound road pavement layers is increasing. However, the lack of data on performance in the field has spurred this investigation into their in-situ properties. A lightweight deflectometer (LWD) is a fast and simulative testing device for estimating the elastic modulus of unbound pavement layers. A field test pit was built to run LWD measurements on an unbound subbase layer containing CDW aggregates compacted at different energy levels. To assess their stress-strain non-linear behaviour, several LWD drops were performed on the same location by varying (i) the loading mass, (ii) the drop height, and (iii) the plate diameter. A stress-hardening behaviour of in-situ CDW aggregates was observed, consistent with the stress dependent evolution of resilient modulus of granular material commonly recorded in laboratory tests. The LWD modulus was found to be dependent on the level of compaction energy but also sensitive to the mechanical response of the layer below. The outcomes at this test pit suggest it would be wise to consider the rational evaluation of the in-field stress dependent behaviour of unbound CDW granular materials at both the design stage and when devising quality acceptance procedures. Nonetheless, to have a comprehensive interpretation of LWD results a greater uniformity of material properties and a stronger control of construction procedures will be desired, especially when heterogenous materials such as CDW aggregates are investigated.
Methods for infrastructure planning in areas close to hospitals at the regional level
Authors: Ranieri Vittorio
Published: February 2023

Healthcare emergency management is also an infrastructure problem, in terms of accessibility and safety but nowadays there is lack of consolidated method to solve this issue. Concerning accessibility, the access to the nearest hospital should be guaranteed from each city in the region in an acceptable time. Concerning safety, road arterials travelled by emergency vehicles should have high safety standards, for emergency vehicles and the reduction of congestion due to traffic crashes. This study aims at providing a methodological framework (tested in the case of Apulia, Italy) to conduct accessibility and safety assessments at the regional level, in case of existing and new hospitals. Accessibility and safety were studied setting specific metrics, like time to reach the hospital and accident analysis at macroscopic level to plan safety interventions. The least safe road sites in the ranking obtained by applying the proposed indicators for new and existing hospitals can be improved.
Spatial Distribution and Management of Muturu Cattle in Southwest Nigeria: Implications for genetic conservation
Authors: Ajayi F. T. , Akintayo O. I. , Tiamiyu A. K. , Omodele T. , Omotoso S. O.
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to identify the production locations of the Muturu breed of cattle which is an indigenous breed in Nigeria. The breed is endangered as the population has been reducing with time. To reverse this trend and enhance its conservation and renew production, its distribution and production constraints need to be documented. A survey was conducted in sixteen communities in Southwest Nigeria where sixty-eight Muturu cattle farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using simple statistics. Results revealed that the age range of the rearers was between 31 and 60 years and majority of them are males (88.2%) with over 20 years experience. Many of the farmers had no formal training in cattle rearing and management while 4.4% had training in cattle production. The primary occupation of the rearers (63.9%) is farming while 36.1% had other vocations apart from Muturu cattle farming. The farmers (55.8%) flock-mate their cattle while 27.9% of the farmers tether-mated their cattle. Average herd size was four, a low figure in relation to the few farmers rearing the Muturu breed in Southwest Nigeria. In order for this endangered cattle breed not to go extinct, efforts must be made towards its genetic conservation.

 

 

Cette étude visait à identifier les lieux de production de la race bovine Muturu qui est une race indigène au Nigeria. La race est en voie de disparition car la population a diminué avec le temps. Pour inverser cette tendance et améliorer sa conservation et renouveler sa production, ses contraintes de distribution et de production doivent être documentées. Une enquête a été menée dans seize communautés du sud-ouest du Nigeria où soixante-huit éleveurs de bétail Muturu ont été interrogés à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré. Les données obtenues ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques simples. Les résultats ont révélé que la tranche d'âge des éleveurs se situait entre 31 et 60 ans et que la majorité d'entre eux étaient des hommes (88,2 %) ayant plus de 20 ans d'expérience. Beaucoup d'agriculteurs n'avaient aucune formation formelle en élevage et gestion de bétail tandis que 4,4% avaient une formation en production bovine. L'occupation principale des éleveurs (63,9%) est l'agriculture tandis que 36,1% ont d'autres vocations en dehors de l'élevage bovin Muturu. Les agriculteurs (55,8 %) s'accouplent avec leur bétail tandis que 27,9 % des agriculteurs s'accouplent avec leur bétail. La taille moyenne des troupeaux était de quatre, un chiffre faible par rapport aux quelques agriculteurs élevant la race Muturu dans le sud-ouest du Nigeria. Pour que cette race bovine menacée ne disparaisse pas, des efforts doivent être faits pour sa conservation génétique.
Deep convective cloud system size and structure across the global tropics and subtropics
Authors: Wilcox Eric M. , Yuan Tianle , Song Hua
Published: February 2023

Abstract. A new database is constructed comprising millions of deep convective clouds that spans the global tropics and subtropics for the entire record of the MODIS instruments on the Terra and Aqua satellites. The database is a collection of individual cloud objects ranging from isolated convective cells to mesoscale convective cloud systems spanning hundreds of thousands of square kilometers in cloud area. By matching clouds in the database with the MERRA-2 reanalysis dataset and microwave imager brightness temperatures from the AMSR-E instrument, the database is designed to explore the relationships among the horizontal scale of cloud systems, the thermodynamic environment within which the cloud resides, the amount of aerosol in the environment, and indicators of the microphysical structure of the clouds. We find that the maximum values of convective available potential energy and vertical shear of the horizontal wind associated with a cloud impose a strong constraint on the size attained by convective cloud system, although the relationship varies geographically. The cloud database provides a means of empirical study of the factors that determine the spatial structure and coverage of convective cloud systems, which are strongly related to the overall radiative forcing by cloud systems. The observed relationships between cloud system size and structure from this database can be compared with similar relationships derived from simulated clouds in atmospheric models to evaluate the representation of clouds and convection in weather forecast and climate projection simulations, including whether models exhibit the same relationships between the atmospheric environment and cloud system size and structure. Furthermore, the dataset is designed to probe the impacts of aerosols on the size and structure of deep convective cloud systems.
Scientists as Story-tellers: the explanatory power of stories told about environmental crises
Authors: Barclay Jenni , Robertson Richie , Armijos M. Teresa
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This paper examines how storytelling functions to share and to shape knowledge, particularly when scientific knowledge is uncertain as a consequence of rapid environmental change. Narratives or stories are the descriptive sequencing of events to make a point. In comparison with scientific deduction, the point (plot) of a story can be either implicit or explicit, and causal links between events in the story are interpretative, rendering narrative a looser inferential framework. We explore how storytelling (the process) and stories (or narratives) involving scientists can make sense of environmental crises, where conditions change rapidly and natural, social, and scientific systems collide. We use the example of the Soufrière Hills volcanic eruption (Montserrat), and scientists’ experiences of the events during that time. We used 37 stories generated from seven semi-structured interviews and one focus group (5 scientists). We wanted to understand whether these stories generate or highlight knowledge and information that do not necessarily appear in more conventional scientific literatures relating to an environmental crisis, and how that knowledge explicitly or implicitly shapes future actions and views. In this context storytelling and stories are used in several ways: (1) evidencing the value of robust long-term monitoring strategies during crises; (2) exploring the current limits of scientific rationality, and the role of instinct in a crisis and (3) the examination of the interactions and outcomes of wide-ranging drivers of population risk. More broadly these stories allowed for the emotional intensity of these experiences to be acknowledged and discussed; the actions and outcomes of the storytelling are important. Storytelling frameworks could help scientists and wider society improve how we prepare for and respond to environmental crises.
The weakening AMOC under extreme climate change
Authors: Madan Gaurav , Gjermundsen Ada , Iversen Silje C. , LaCasce Joseph H.
Published: February 2023

We examine changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in the quadrupled CO2 experiments conducted under the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). While the forcing is extreme, the abrupt nature of the transition facilitates diagnosing how the system responds. The increase in CO2 triggers Arctic amplification of warming, causing widespread melting of sea ice. The resulting freshwater enters the ocean, first from the Labrador Sea and then from the Nordic Seas, and proceeds southward along the eastern coast of North America. The freshwater enters the subpolar gyre to the north of the separated Gulf Stream, decreasing the density contrast across the current. The current weakens in response, reducing the inflow to the deepwater production regions. The AMOC cell weakens in response, first in the region of the Gulf Stream and then widening to higher and lower latitudes. The response contrasts  with the present perception that freshwater “caps the convection regions”, stifling deep water production. Changes in surface temperature have a weaker effect and there are no consistent changes in local or remote wind forcing among the models. The results thereby indicate that an increase in freshwater discharge, primarily from the Labrador Sea, is a precursor to AMOC weakening.  
Intensifying Hydrometeorological Extreme Events and Compound Anomalies in a Temperate Region, Germany
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Tuo Ye , Disse Markus
Published: February 2023

Hydrometeorological extremes (HMEs) pose immense challenges and hazards to communities in a warming world, and this is particularly true for compound extremes (CHMEs) associated with deadly wet and dry events. More attention has been paid to extremes happening in arid and wet regions, nonetheless, temperate regions are understood poorly where more and more HMEs are striking fragile social-ecological systems. Therefore, the study shines a light on a proper temperate region of Europe, Germany. Not only the spatial-temporary variation of individual HMEs (IHMEs) but also compound events are fully investigated over the past seven decades. Notably, we propose a new insight to explore the concurrent extreme wet and dry events (CEDWs). A comprehensive framework is devised here, it combines the percentile and standardized index methods to explore compound extremes first. Different time scales are utilized to identify extreme wet (EWs) and dry events (EDs) separately considering their different evolving processes and impacting patterns on human society. The research presents the spatiotemporal distribution of the number, magnitude, and intensity of IHMEs and CHMEs in the wet and dry regions of Germany. Moreover, the changing tendency and spatial clustering of these events are further discussed by Ordinary Least Squares and Moran Index methods. Our study provides an important perspective on the changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of HMEs in the temperate region, especially the novel discussion of compound events. On the other hand, the research results regarding phases and areas of severe extremes facilitate planners and decision-makers to prioritize disaster management with limited resources and produce effective risk-mitigation plans.
Exploring the Dynamics between Tourist Perception and Urban Morphology around Tourist Precincts in India
Authors: Sulina Yarra , Banerjee Ankhi , Sai Priya Nunna Tagore
Published: February 2023

Over the years, the Tourism industry has witnessed a significant increase in tourist numbers, leading to a huge demand for the growth of infrastructure in the destinations. India is one of the largest tourist hubs of the world, offering a wide variety of nature-based, religious and heritage tourist attractions. With the increasing tourist numbers, there has been considerable change in land use around tourist sites. This change in built environment around tourist sites is influenced by the nature of tourism activity, geographical constraints and also the existing development regulations and guidelines. The volumetric growth in destinations impact legibility, accessibility, character and the overall perception of tourism precincts. Unplanned development surrounding tourist sites have a negative impact on the attractiveness of the destination. Therefore, this study aims to explore the pattern of growth of built form and respective changes in urban feature for a decade from 2009 to 2019 through 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimentional analysis, along with tourist perceptions for four popular tourist destinations in India. The destinations include Indian cities namely Agra, Puri, Ooty and Goa selected based on distinguishing tourism activities and geographical characteristics. The primary tourist sites for each destination are picked based on popular choice of tourists around the World. Remote sensing and geographical information system are used for temporal analysis of volumetric growth of built form, where Digital Surface model (DSM) and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) are used to extract factors such as building height, building density etc.  which helps in understanding the morphology of the tourist precincts over the decade 2009 and 2019. Spatial quality assessment is conducted based on the tourists’ perception gathered through primary survey. The findings illustrate a relation between the growth pattern around various tourist sites and respective tourists’ perception.The research will help the policymakers to formulate proper spatial design strategies and regulations that are necessary for a healthy and sustainable built environment around the tourist sites in the destination.
MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT OF FLOOD EVACUATION SITES IN A GEOSPATIAL ENVIRONMENT: A CASE IN LAS NIEVES, AGUSAN DEL NORTE, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Bolanio K. P. , Gagula A. C. , Bermoy M. M. , Jagna J. M. B. , Coquilla S. M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The municipality of Las Nieves is one of the most vulnerable areas prone to flooding, usually caused by tropical cyclones. With these, preparing for an emergency response is relatively significant, and one strategic response is planning for systematic management of evacuation shelters. Hence, this study assessed the spatial exposure to flooding, the spatial capacity and mapped the suitability of evacuation shelters using Geographic Information System and site suitability analysis. This study also developed a web-based application that will address the needs of the Las Nieves LGU, specifically in providing the locality with spatial information and other flood-related data. Weighted Overlay Analysis was performed based on Multi-Criteria Decision Making and weights from related literature to generate a suitability map for flood evacuation shelters. Factors included slope, elevation, land use/land cover, road networks, distance to water sources, distance to electrical supplies, and proximity to fuel stations. The results indicated that 85.1% of the areas were moderately suitable, 0.3% were highly suitable, and 14.6% were low suitable for flood evacuation sites in Las Nieves. From the analysis of 11 existing evacuation centers, there are ten evacuation centers moderately suitable for use during an emergency, while only the Maningalao Evacuation Center was not suitable because the location of the center was affected by the 100-year flood event. Moreover, the web mapping application developed in this study will help the stakeholders and community of Las Nieves to effectively manage evacuation centers and access real-time spatial data regarding evacuation centers' status and spatial capacity.
Decoupling active disturbance rejection trajectory-tracking control strategy for X-by-wire chassis system
Authors: Wu Haixiao , Zhang Yong , Zhao Fengkui , Jiang Pengchang
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Due to the inherent dynamic coupling between mechanical components such as the steering system and suspension system, the vertical external input will affect the lateral movement of the chassis, which makes it difficult to track the ideal trajectory when complex excitation conditions exist. To solve the abovementioned problems, the X-by-wire chassis is taken as the research object in this work, and the coupling dynamic model is established. Then, based on proving the reversibility of the coupling dynamic model, a pseudo-linear composite system is proposed to decouple the lateral and vertical signals of the chassis system. Next, the decoupling active disturbance rejection (DADR) trajectory-tracking control strategy is proposed. And a multi-objective optimization method of the bandwidth parameters of the DADR trajectory-tracking controller is proposed according to its convergence conditions. Experiments show that the proposed control strategy can effectively suppress the vehicle roll and yaw motion caused by the lateral–vertical dynamic coupling in the process of trajectory tracking to realize the accurate tracking of the ideal trajectory.
Construction of the Ukrainian Carpathian wedge from low-temperature thermochronology and tectono-stratigraphic analysis
Authors: Roger Marion , de Leeuw Arjan , van der Beek Peter , Husson Laurent , Sobel Edward R. , Glodny Johannes , Bernet Matthias
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The evolution of orogenic wedges can be determined
through stratigraphic and thermochronological analysis. We used apatite
fission-track (AFT) and apatite and zircon (U–Th–Sm) / He (AHe and ZHe)
low-temperature thermochronology to assess the thermal evolution of the
Ukrainian Carpathians, a prime example of an orogenic wedge forming in a
retreating subduction zone setting. Whereas most of our AHe ages are reset
by burial heating, 8 out of 10 of our AFT ages are partially reset, and
none of the ZHe ages are reset. We inverse-modeled our thermochronology
data to determine the time–temperature paths of six of the eight nappes
composing the wedge. The models were integrated with burial diagrams derived
from the stratigraphy of the individual nappes, which allowed us to
distinguish sedimentary from tectonic burial. This analysis reveals that
accretion of successive nappes and their subsequent exhumation mostly
occurred sequentially, with an apparent increase in exhumation rate towards
the external nappes. Following a phase of tectonic burial, the nappes were
generally exhumed when a new nappe was accreted, whereas, in one case,
duplexing resulted in prolonged burial. An early orogenic wedge formed with
the accretion of the innermost nappe at 34 Ma, leading to an increase in
sediment supply to the remnant basin. Most of the other nappes were accreted
between 28 and 18 Ma. Modeled exhumation of the outermost nappe started at 12 Ma and was accompanied by out-of-sequence thrusting. The latter was linked
to emplacement of the wedge onto the European platform and consequent slab
detachment. The distribution of thermochronological ages across the wedge,
showing non-reset ages in both the inner and outer part of the belt,
suggests that the wedge was unable to reach dynamic equilibrium for a period
long enough to fully reset all thermochronometers. Non-reset ZHe ages
indicate that sediments in the inner part of the Carpathian embayment were
mostly supplied by the Inner Carpathians, while sediments in the outer part
of the basin were derived mostly from the Teisseyre–Tornquist Zone (TTZ) or
the southwestern margin of the East European Platform. Our results suggest
that during the accretionary phase, few sediments were recycled from the
wedge to the foredeep. Most of the sediments derived from the Ukrainian
Carpathian wedge were likely transported directly to the present pro- and
retro-foreland basins.
تنمية الوعي البيئي لأطفال الصفوف الأولية من وجهة نظر المعلمات
Authors:   طالبة ماجستير التربية في الطفولة المبكرة، كلية التربية، جامعة الملك فيصل، الأحساء، المملكة العربية السعودية, الجبيرة رزان
Published: February 2023

هدفت الدراسة الى الكشف عن دور معلمات الصفوف الأولية في تنمية الوعي البيئي من وجهة نظرهن حيث تمثلت عينة البحث في (75) معلمة من معلمات الصفوف الأولية في المدارس الاهلية بمحافظة الاحساء لعام 1444هـ -2023م تم اختيارهم بأسلوب العينة المتاحة وفق المنهج الوصفي المسحي مستخدمة أداة الاستبانة المكونة من (26) فقرة مقسمة على ثلاثة محاور وذلك لقياس دور معلمات الصفوف الأولية في تنمية الوعي البيئي حيث ظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) لاستجابات المشاركات من معلمات الصفوف الأولية في تنمية الوعي البيئي من وجهة نظرهن، تعزى لمتغير سنوات الخبرة حيث كانت مستوى الدلالة لقيمة ف أكبر من (0.05) كما جاء المحور الأول دور المعلمات في تنمية الوعي البيئي بالماء بالمرتبة الأولى بمتوسط حسابي (3.24) وبانحراف معياري (0.641) وبدرجة كبيرة، بينما جاء المحور الثالث دور المعلمات في تنمية الوعي البيئي بالنبات بالمرتبة الثانية بمتوسط حسابي (3.23) وبانحراف معياري (0.760) وبدرجة كبيرة، وبالمرتبة الثالثة جاء المحور الثاني دور المعلمات في تنمية الوعي البيئي بالهواء بمتوسط حسابي (3.23) وبانحراف معياري (0.781) وبدرجة كبيرة، وعلية أوصت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات وهي كالاتي: ضرورة وجود نوع من التعاون والتكامل بين المدرسة والاسرة بهدف تنمية الوعي البيئي لدى أطفال الصفوف الأولية، تقديم بعض المقترحات من قبل المسؤولين في إدارات المدارس بوزارة التعليم للعمل على زيادة مستوى الوعي البيئي للمعلمات وبالتالي اكساب الأطفال الاتجاهات والمعارف والسلوكيات البيئية، اثراء البيئة التربوية المحيطة بالأطفال بما يعمل على تحفيز الفضول وزيادة مستوى الوعي البيئي، واجراء المزيد من الدراسات حول موضوع الوعي البيئي مثل: تحليل محتوى مادة العلوم للصفوف الأولية في ضوء أبعاد الوعي البيئي، دور الأركان التعليمية في تنمية الوعي البيئي لدى أطفال الروضة.
واقع استخدام أدوات التقييم الإرشادية في التعليم التقليدي والتعليم عن بعد لدى عينة من المرشدات الطلابيات بمدينة جدة
Authors:   ماجستير في التوجيه والإرشاد التربوي، كلية الدراسات العليا التربوية، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, الشهري دانه , أكرم هديل ,   أستاذ القياس والتقويم المساعد، كلية الدراسات العليا التربوية، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: February 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع استخدام أدوات التقييم الإرشادية في التعليم التقليدي والتعليم عن بعد لدى عينة من المرشدات الطلابيات بمدينة جدة، واشتملت عينة الدراسة على (106) من المرشدات الطلابيات بمدينة جدة، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج المختلط من خلال التصميم التفسيري المتتابع، وفي المرحلة الأولى الكمية من الدراسة تم استخدام أداة استبانة الكترونية (مغلقة ومفتوحة) لمعرفة أدوات التقييم الإرشادية المستخدمة، أما في المرحلة الثانية النوعية من الدراسة فتم استخدام أداة مجموعة التركيز، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عددًا من النتائج من أبرزها: جاءت أداة المقابلة وأداة الملاحظة وأداة دراسة الحالة في قائمة الأدوات الأكثر استخدامًا خلال فترة التعليم التقليدي، فيما جاءت أداة الاستبانة وأداة المصادر المجتمعية وأداة السير الذاتية في قائمة الأدوات الأكثر استخدامًا خلال فترة التعليم عن بعد، كما توصلت نتائج المرحلة النوعية إلى وجود تحولات في دور المرشدات الطلابيات خلال فترة التعليم عن بعد خاصة في بداية الجائحة أدت إلى تعطيل دورهن الإرشادي، كما افتقرت المرشدات الطلابيات لاستخدام أدوات التقييم الإرشادية خلال فترة التعليم عن بعد ومن أهمها المقابلة والملاحظة ودراسة الحالة، لتحل محلها أداتي الاستبانة الالكترونية والمصادر المجتمعية، بالإضافة إلى استخدام أدوات أخرى مستجدة منها تقديم الدروس الإرشادية وحصر الغياب عن طريقة منصة مدرستي ومراقبة الدردشات والمحادثات الكتابية، بالإضافة إلى وجود اتجاهات إيجابية وسلبية نحو تقديم الإرشاد عن بعد لدى المرشدات الطلابيات، وحاجتهن إلى تخفيف الأعباء الورقية ورقمنتها، ودعم دورهن بوجود الاختصاصي النفسي والمساعد الإداري، بالإضافة إلى تطوير وتحديث البرامج الإرشادية.
Mission Critical ESG and the Scope of Director Oversight Duties
Authors: Shapira Roy
Published: February 2023

Corporations are facing increased scrutiny over how they treat their stakeholders and society at large. Failing to address key environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concerns may generate significant blowback, making it harder for corporations to attract talent, access capital, and sell products. ESG concerns have thus become a major source of reputational and financial risk for companies and their shareholders. One way for shareholders to hold managers personally accountable for being inattentive to critical ESG risks is by filing a derivative action on behalf of the company, claiming that managers breached their oversight duties (Caremark duties). Until recently, corporate legal scholars have dismissed this possibility, reasoning that oversight duties are generally unenforceable. That reasoning is no longer valid. In the past two years, Delaware courts have revamped their Caremark framework. The courts are now increasingly willing to apply heightened scrutiny to directors’ efforts, and increasingly willing to grant shareholders access to internal company documents in order to investigate failure-of-oversight claims. There can no longer be any question about Caremark’s relevance, but there remains a question about Caremark’s scope. Would the courts be as willing to apply heightened scrutiny and provide access to pre-suit discovery when the case concerns nonlegal risks? In other words, do directors face personal liability for how their companies treat the environment, diversity, and privacy, even when such behaviors are not punishable by law?

This Article examines the evolving scope of director oversight duties and makes three contributions. First, the Article synthesizes the caselaw to clarify that the relevant question when determining Caremark’s scope is not whether a risk is “legal” or “reputational,” but rather whether the risk is “critical” to the company’s success. The Article’s second contribution is to build an analytical framework for distinguishing between ESG risks that are critical (and thus subject to a realistic Caremark liability threat) and those that are not. The Article then applies the framework to concrete ESG concerns, such as cybersecurity, climate change, and sexual misconduct. Finally, the Article evaluates the social desirability of extending Caremark to oversight of nonlegal risks. The key disadvantage of doing so is that it increases the costs of judicial hindsight bias, while the key advantage is that it counterbalances the flaws of other ESG enforcement mechanisms. The Article concludes that courts should adopt a more judiciable approach when scrutinizing board oversight of nonlegal risks.
Social media liability exposures
Authors: Merriman Kevin T. , Knapp David M. , Ruesch Meghan E. , Weir Nicole M.
Published: February 2023

This article is the first in a two-part series. Part I discusses the rise of social media use and the corresponding increase in liability exposures for individuals and businesses. Part II discusses coverage issues that arise from such exposures under comprehensive general liability (CGL) and homeowners policies.
İslam Aile Hukuku Bağlamında Çocuk Hakları
Authors: YÜKSEK Ali
Published: February 2023

İslâm hukukunda doğumla başlayan ve ergenlik çağına kadar devam eden döneme “çocukluk” denir. Bu dönemi yaşayan kimseye de “çocuk” denir. Çocukluk döneminin kendi içinde evreleri vardır. Çocuğun anne karnına düşmesinden itibaren ergen oluncaya kadar geçen sürede bir takım hak ve ödevleri vardır. Çocuklara dair hak ve ödevler, İslam hukukunda ve pozitif hukukta garanti altına alınmıştır. Yaşama hakkı, soy isim hakkı, vatandaşlık hakkı gibi kabz gerektirmeyen haklar sağ doğmak şartıyla ceninlik döneminden itibaren başlar. Bunlara ilaveten çocukların, ebeveynlerini, akrabalarını tanıma ve soy isim hakkı, vatandaşlık hakkı, miras ve mülk edinme hakkı, süt emme, iyi beslenme, giyinme, barınma gibi bakım hakları, büyükleri tarafından çocuklara değer verilmesi, sevgi ve merhamet ile himaye edilmesi, kötü kötü alışkanlıklardan korunma hakları, oyun oynama hakkı, terbiye ve iyi eğitim alma haklarını da sayabiliriz. Çocuk haklarının bilinmesi ve bu haklara saygı duyulması onların biyolojik ve psikolojik gelişimine de katkı sağlar. Çocukların her türlü şiddetten, istismardan uzak kalmaları, hayatta başarılı, uyumlu huzurlu olabilmeleri, toplumsal barışa ve güvene katkı sağlayabilen bireyler olabilmeleri için çocuk haklarına riayet etmek gerekir. Toplumdaki ailelerin ve bireylerin çocuk hakları konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi gerekir. İşte biz bu tebliğimizde genel olarak İslam’ın çocuğa bakışını ve çocukların genel haklarını konu edindik.