bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Huxin Formula Inhibits Oxidized low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Foam Cell Formation in THP-1 Macrophages via the LOX-1/NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Zeng Qiaohuang , Ou Xiaomin , Cai Jing , Lan Taohua , Lu Weihui , Jiang Wei
Published: September 2024

Background

Macrophage-derived foam cells are essential in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Based on our previous study, the Huxin Formula (HXF), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, demonstrates potential in anti-atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, it is still unknown how HXF affects the formation of foam cells derived from THP-1 macrophages.

Purpose

This research aims to examine the preventive role of HXF in the development of foam cells and its underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods

THP-1 derived macrophages and THP-1 cells overexpressing LOX-1 (LV-OLR1) were exposed to ox-LDL to establish foam cell models, and then treated with HXF. Meantime, Oil red O staining was used to detect lipid droplet production. ELISA kit was performed to measure intracellular levels of IL-6 and TGF-β. RT-qPCR and Western Blot were then utilized to determine the LOX-1 and NF-κB mRNA/protein levels.

Results

The findings indicated that HXF treatment potently reduced the lipid accumulation, downregulated IL-6 levels and upregulated TGF-β levels. However, this impact was almost reversed when LOX-1 was overexpressed in THP-1 cells stimulated with ox-LDL. Moreover, THP-1 were treated with HXF markedly reduced the levels of LOX-1 and NF-κB mRNA/protein, whereas overexpressing LOX-1 significantly reversed this effect.

Conclusion

HXF reduced the formation of foam cell in ox-LDL-stimulated THP-1 macrophages via inhibiting lipid accumulation and inflammation through regulating the LOX-1/ NF-κB pathway. These present findings further indicate a potential beneficial role of HXF in ameliorating atherosclerosis and foam cell formation, while provide a novel potential therapeutic strategy for preventing atherosclerosis.
Effect of Repetitive Pitching on the Control of Lower Extremity Joints and Center of Mass in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Wang Shiu-Min , Huang Tsun-Shun , Chen Szu-Hua , Wu Yuh-Renn , Hsu Wei-Li
Published: September 2024

Background:

Repetitive motion can alter joint angles and subsequently affect the control of the center of mass (CoM). While the CoM has been studied as a fatigue indicator in various sports, the control of the whole-body CoM during repetitive pitching in baseball pitchers has not been examined. This study aimed to investigate changes in lower-extremity joint angles and CoM control in collegiate baseball pitchers after repetitive pitching.

Hypothesis:

Baseball pitchers would exhibit significant increase in lower-extremity flexion angles, CoM position, and CoM variability after repetitive pitching.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

A total of 23 pitchers from the Collegiate Baseball League were recruited. A motion analysis system was employed to assess lower-extremity joint angles and CoM position during the simulated game, while pitching accuracy and velocity were also recorded.

Results:

The results revealed a significant forward and downward shift in CoM position ( P < 0.05), along with increased CoM variability in all directions ( P < 0.05) after the simulated game. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in flexion angles of the knee and hip ( P < 0.05); however, pitching velocity and accuracy did not demonstrate significant changes.

Conclusion:

Repetitive pitching leads to kinematic changes that should be monitored to prevent sports injuries.

Clinical Relevance:

Baseball pitchers have the ability to modify the control of their CoM and angles of their lower-extremity joints to sustain their pitching performance. It is crucial to monitor compensatory strategies closely to avoid shoulder and elbow injuries among these pitchers.
Associations of Sport Participation and Training Volume With Overuse Injuries in Japanese Male Youth Soccer Players: Implications for Early Sport Specialization
Authors: Nakaichi Naoto , Sugimoto Dai , Numa Daisuke , Kotani Ryosuke , Nakamura Hayato , Akiyama Kei , Hirose Norikazu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Sport specialization is associated with increased risk of overuse injuries. However, the effects of sport specialization on the risk of overuse injury may differ by specific sport and sociocultural parameters. This study aimed to determine the associations of sport participation and training volume with previous overuse injuries in Japanese male youth soccer players.

Hypothesis:

Being highly specialized before the age of 12 years and high training volume relative to participant age would be associated with a history of serious overuse injury.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

Survey data were collected from male youth soccer players (seventh-ninth grade) during midseason of the 2020-2021 academic year. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding their status of sport participation (single- and multisport athletes), weekly sports volume in first- sixth grade and injury history in the previous year. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated to identify associations of specialization and training volume with a history of serious overuse injury.

Results:

A total of 841 players (mean age, 13.7 ± 0.9 years) participated; 11% reported serious overuse injury in the previous year, and 64% participated in other sports before the age of 12 years. Players who participated in other sports at <12 years old (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.09-2.94; P = 0.02) and those who trained for more weekly hours than their age in fifth to sixth grade (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.07-2.72; P = 0.03) had greater odds of reporting serious overuse injuries.

Conclusion:

Multisport athletes and high training volume in fifth-sixth grade were associated with previous serious overuse injuries.

Clinical Relevance:

Coaches and parents of male youth soccer players should be aware of the increased risk of serious overuse injury participating in multiple sports simultaneously, and youth athletes should adhere to age-appropriate volume recommendations.
Effectiveness of Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy for Tendinopathies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Maag Logan , Linder Susan , Hackett Loren , Mitchkash Matthew , Farley Tyler , Lamar Duncan , Fisher Nolan , Burnham Ben
Published: September 2024

Context:

Tendinopathy is a disease state characterized by tendon disorder with pain or decreased function that can cause significant disability. Multiple treatment modalities exist; however, no single treatment is superior. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle tenotomy (PNT) and TENEX are emerging as promising treatment options for tendinopathy.

Objective:

To review the current literature of reported outcomes for PNT, TENEX, and TENJET, for the treatment of tendinopathy, including pain relief, change in function, and patient-reported outcomes.

Data Sources:

A comprehensive search was conducted from database inception to September 2023 in Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, and Cochrane Library.

Study Selection:

Keywords and index terms related to tendon injury, ultrasound, and tenotomy were used in combination to identify relevant literature that included ultrasound-guidance, treatment of tendinopathy, and treatment with PNT, TENEX, or TENJET. Covidence Systematic Review Software used to screen for relevant studies. Only English-language studies were included.

Study Design:

Systematic Review using PICO framework as defined and registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO ID CRD42022321307).

Level of Evidence:

Level 4 (evidence from a systematic review graded to the lowest level of study included).

Data Extraction:

Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Type and region of tendinopathy studied, outcome measures, and complications were recorded. Clinical and self-reported outcomes data were compared across studies.

Results:

A total of 10 studies, representing 11 tendon sites, were included. The studies overall report improvements in pain, function, and quality of life after undergoing PNT or TENEX, with minimal adverse effects. Mean risk of bias assessment scores were 8.35 out of 10 assessing internal and external validity for included studies.

Conclusion:

PNT and TENEX are safe, beneficial, and minimally invasive treatment option for patients, especially for conditions refractory to more conservative treatments options.
High-Intensity Accelerations and Decelerations During Intercounty Camogie Match Play
Authors: Duggan John D. , Byrne Paul J. , Malone Shane , Cooper Stephen-Mark , Moody Jeremy
Published: September 2024

Background:

This study aimed to compare acceleration and deceleration demands of intercounty Camogie players, and differences across playing positions and halves of play.

Hypothesis:

The middle 3 positions will have greatest accelerations and decelerations variables across match play and halves of play.

Study Design:

Nonrandomized, repeated measures design.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

Global positioning systems (GPS) (10 Hz) collected data from 28 participants during 18 competitive matches across 2 seasons; 206 individual player datasets were analyzed.

Results:

Half-backs ( P < 0.05; effect size [ES], -1.75) and midfielders ( P < 0.05; ES, -1.68) covered significantly greater total number of accelerations than full-forwards. In acceleration zone 4, midfielders ( P < 0.05; ES, = -1.67) and half forwards covered a significantly greater number than full-forwards ( P < 0.01; ES, = -1.41). Midfielders accumulated a significantly greater distance in acceleration zone 4 than full-backs ( P < 0.05; ES, = -0.57). Significant decrements were observed between halves in total number of accelerations ( P < 0.01; ES, = 0.49), accelerations in zones 1 to 4 ( P < 0.01; ES, 0.16-0.43), total distance of accelerations, and acceleration distance in zones 2 to 4 ( P < 0.05; ES, 0.25; P < 0.01; ES, 0.45; P < 0.01; ES, 0.38). There were significant decrements in the total number of decelerations ( P < 0.01; ES, 0.43), number of decelerations in zones 2 ( P < 0.05; ES, 0.25), 3 ( P < 0.01; ES, 0.45), and 4 ( P < 0.01; ES, 0.38), and total deceleration distance ( P < 0.01; ES, 0.16).

Conclusion:

Half-backs and midfielders covered significantly greater total number of accelerations than full-forwards. Significant decrements in several acceleration and deceleration variables were observed between halves.

Clinical Relevance:

Players competing in intercounty Camogie should receive progressive exposure to acceleration and deceleration-based movement demands to prepare players for intercounty Camogie match play.
The Prevalence of Shoulder and Elbow Pathology in Major League Baseball Prospects From the Dominican Republic
Authors: Fortney Thomas A. , Luzzi Andrew J. , Tenner Zachary M. , Ma Kevin , Rogalski Brandon L. , Ahmad Christopher S.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Rates of shoulder and elbow pathology are well documented among competitive baseball players in the United States; however, little is known about the prevalence of these pathologies in the Dominican Republic (DR).

Purpose:

To report the epidemiology of shoulder and elbow pathology among participants at a Major League Baseball scouting event in Santo Domingo, DR.

Study Design:

Retrospective descriptive study.

Level of Evidence:

3.

Methods:

All pitchers and position players who attended the 2021 scouting event were reviewed. Those with complete medical history, physical examination, imaging series, and radiology reports were included. All participants underwent shoulder and elbow radiography, while pitchers also underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All pathologic findings on imaging studies were recorded and compared among position players and pitchers.

Results:

Seventy-five participants (average age, 17.9 years) were reviewed (42 position players, 33 pitchers); 72% and 32% had ≥1 abnormal finding on elbow and shoulder radiographs, respectively. Position players had significantly higher numbers of elbow radiographic findings compared with pitchers (81% vs 57.6%, P = 0.03) but similar numbers on shoulder radiograph (28.6% vs 33.3%, P = 0.66). Position players had high numbers of acromioclavicular separation (14.3%) and little leaguer’s shoulder (14.3%) on shoulder radiograph, with olecranon osteophytes (23.8%) and medial epicondyle nonunions (11.9%) prevalent on elbow radiograph. Pitchers had high numbers of rotator cuff pathology (93.9%), labral tears (75.8%), and Bennett lesions (51.5%). On elbow imaging, pitchers had high numbers of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) abnormalities (81.8%), olecranon osteophytes (69.7%), osteochondral lesions (18.2%), and medial epicondyle nonunions (12.1%). Two pitchers had complete UCL disruption (6.1%), while 8 had partial tears (24.2%).

Conclusion:

Dominican baseball prospects had high numbers of asymptomatic shoulder and elbow pathology on imaging studies. Knowledge of the prevalence of these pathologies can guide injury prevention programs in Dominican youth baseball.
Examining Leadership Styles in Academic Leaders: A Case Study of a University in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Pachón-Palacios Martha Lucía
Published: September 2024

Leadership in institutions of higher education (HEIs) is important for the academic environment, educational quality, and student success. This research explored the leadership strategies implemented by a HEI in Bogotá, Colombia. A sample of 162 participants was surveyed, made up of collaborators and teachers of the institution. The results reveal that the leaders simultaneously adopt transactional and transformational leadership behaviors. This combination of leadership styles has characteristics that are directly related to the role of managers in the university institution. Understanding these dynamics can lead to improving educational practices, optimizing operational and academic management, and facilitating the interpretation of behaviors.
Microbiome and Femoral Cartilage Thickness in Knee Osteoarthritis: Is There a Link?
Authors: Elsawy Noha Abdelhalim , Ibrahiem Aya Hanafy , Younis Gihan Abdellatif , Meheissen Marwa Ahmed , Abdel-Fattah Yousra Hisham
Published: September 2024

Objective

To assess the relation between microbiome and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the blood and synovial fluid (SF) with femoral cartilage thickness (FCT) measured by ultrasound (US) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 40 primary KOA patients recruited between September 2022 and June 2023. Age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Patients underwent full clinical examination, standing plain x-ray of the knee joint and knee US examination to measure medial, intercondylar, and lateral FCT. Microbiomes (specific bacterial phyla) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and LPS levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit in the patients’ serum and SF.

Results

The patient’s age ranged from 43 to 72 years. Most patients were females (72.5%), with a mean BMI of 35.8 ± 6.21 kg/m2. The mean medial, intercondylar, and lateral FCT were less than cut-off values. All 40 (100%) patients showed positive bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (16S ribosomal RNA) in both blood and SF samples. Firmicutes was the most abundant in patients’ blood (48.49%) and SF (63.59%). The mean serum LPS level was significantly higher compared to mean SF LPS ( t =4.702, P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between lateral FCT and Firmicutes relative abundance in both patients’ blood and SF.

Conclusion

Microbiome and LPS are present in the blood and SF of primary KOA patients. Microbiome ( Firmicutes) was associated with decreased lateral FCT. This might provide a potential link between both systemic and local microbiomes and cartilage affection in KOA patients.
Exploring Osteoarthritis Dynamics: Patient-Specific Cartilage Samples in an Organ-on-a-Chip Model
Authors: Pasztorek Markus , Fischer Johanna , Otahal Alexander , de Luna Andrea , Nehrer Stefan , Rosser Julie
Published: September 2024

Objective

This study aims to tackle the existing challenges associated with the prediction and optimization of pharmaceutical interventions for osteoarthritis (OA). The primary objective is to develop an innovative tool that provides objective and patient-specific information regarding the most affected tissue in OA, articular cartilage.

Design

We employed an organ-on-a-chip (OoC) approach to replicate the 3D structure of cartilage in an in vitro setup. The study focused on assessing the individual drug responses of common medications using this innovative platform. Additionally, we conducted a biomarker analysis to gain insights into the variability of drug responses across patients.

Results

Our findings reveal that OA articular cartilage demonstrates an individualized response to pharmaceutical interventions. Despite the diverse nature of patient responses, our study indicates that Triamcinolone, a standard-of-care medication, consistently exhibits a robust anti-inflammatory response across patient tests. However, as seen in clinical studies, Triamcinolone was concurrently associated with degeneration. The biomarker analysis further underscores the importance of considering individual drug responses in developing effective treatment plans.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study introduces a valuable tool that not only mimics the 3D structure of cartilage but also provides crucial insights into the individualized responses of patients to various OA treatments. The application of an OoC approach may allow for a more accurate assessment of treatment efficacy. This objective biomarker analysis on patient-specific tissue offers clinicians a means to tailor treatment plans, thereby minimizing joint damage and advancing toward a more personalized approach in OA management.
Vedolizumab for second-line treatment of steroid-refractory gastrointestinal late acute graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Zu Yingling , Gui Ruirui , Li Zhen , Wang Juan , Li Pei , Liu Ying , Dong Xiaofeng , Zhou Jian
Published: September 2024

Background:

Late acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with little data regarding treatment and outcomes. There is no standard treatment for gastrointestinal (GI) late aGVHD, especially for steroid-refractory (SR) GI late aGVHD. Vedolizumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibiting the migration of both naive and activated lymphocytes into the GI endothelium, has been verified to be effective for SR GI aGVHD.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical efficacy and safety of vedolizumab as the second line for SR GI late aGVHD in seven patients after allo-HSCT.

Results:

Four patients received two doses of vedolizumab infusion, while three patients received only one dose of vedolizumab infusion. The complete response and partial response rates were 57.1% (4/7) and 42.9% (3/7), respectively. No patient progressed to chronic GVHD during the period of follow-up. There was no severe adverse event related to vedolizumab.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that vedolizumab is expected to ameliorate SR GI late aGVHD. Further data on the treatment timing, efficacy, and safety of vedolizumab are warranted in prospective clinical trials.
Exploring teachers’ experiences in addressing ADHD during the post-pandemic transition
Authors: Suaybaguio Jessie Martin , Bernardo Jasper , Serra Jerrica Joy , Dimalna Mohammad , Gonzaga Zeniff , Maglana Michael
Published: September 2024

This study delves into how teachers are managing and teaching ADHD students during the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through interviews and observations from throughout the world, it explores the challenges faced and the strategies they have developed. Initial findings reveal heightened difficulties for ADHD students, but also innovative teaching methods and increased collaboration with others in the institution of Mapua Malayan Colleges Mindanao. Teachers emphasize flexible approaches, technological integration, and social-emotional learning. The study underscores the need for ongoing professional development and support systems to effectively address the needs of ADHD students in the post-pandemic time, highlighting the importance of adaptability and inclusivity in education.
General practitioners’ user experience of the nationwide digital decision support system in primary care
Authors: Šteinmiller Jekaterina , Ross Peeter
Published: September 2024

Objectives

The aim of the study is to describe the user experiences of a nationwide digital decision support system (DDSS).

Summary of background data

DDSSs have the potential to improve the quality and safety of healthcare services by supporting clinical decision-making with evidence-based recommendations. Due to a lack of knowledge, it is difficult to assess whether DDSSs are fulfilling their purpose. In Estonia, a nationwide DDSS for general practitioners (GPs) was implemented in 2020. To understand the impact of DDSS on the quality of care in the Estonian context and meet the demands of healthcare, it is necessary to gather information about the experiences of the users. This is the first study that examines the experiences of GPs on the use of DDSS nationwide.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive study was conducted based on snowball sampling. Semi-structured interviews were performed in February–March 2022 with nine GPs. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis. A total of six themes and 16 subthemes emerged from the data.

Results

A total of six themes and 16 subthemes emerged from the data. The following themes were identified: user-friendliness, DDSS use in clinical practice, benefits of the DDSS, and the impact of the DDSS on GPs’ work, barriers to using the DDSS, and suggestions for improving the user experience. The results of the study are important, as they address and contribute to the relevant aspects of digital health in primary care.

Conclusion

GPs shared their individual user experiences, including user-perceived barriers and enabling factors that influence the implementation and use of a decision support system in primary care settings. It is revealed that GPs have different benefits and barriers depending on the topic discussed. Future research should evaluate the functioning of the DDSS and the quality of the decisions it provides by observing and evaluating patient records. Systematic user experiences need to be collected and examined to ensure the usability and sustainability of the DDSS.
Ageing well with tech: Exploring the determinants of e-healthcare services adoption in an emerging economy
Authors: Malarvizhi Chinnasamy Agamudai Nambi , Al Mamun Abdullah , Reza Mohammad Nurul Hassan , Masud Muhammad Mehedi
Published: September 2024

The adoption of e-healthcare services is critical for improving healthcare accessibility and efficiency, particularly in regions with diverse populations, such as Malaysia. Although e-healthcare services offer numerous advantages, their adoption is considerably low and requires a thorough understanding of the key factors that influence their use. This study investigated the determinants and dynamics of e-healthcare adoption among adults over 40 years by extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. We employed a quantitative research approach, specifically a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 393 Malaysian respondents through a structured survey questionnaire, using convenience sampling. They were analyzed using partial least-squares-structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and perceived product value significantly influenced individuals’ intentions to use e-healthcare services. Meanwhile, perceived risk had an insignificant negative effect. Facilitating conditions significantly influenced individuals’ intentions and actual usage of e-healthcare services. Furthermore, individuals’ intentions to use e-healthcare services significantly affected their actual use of these services. Additionally, the intention to use e-healthcare services mediated the relationship between the factors and usage of e-healthcare services, except for perceived risk. Surprisingly, perceived service accuracy had no significant moderating effect on the relationship between individuals’ intention to use and their actual use of e-healthcare services. This study offers valuable insights for educators, practitioners, and policymakers, enriching the scholarly discourse in this field. For education, integrating e-healthcare topics into curricula can enhance digital health literacy. In practice, healthcare providers should focus on improving user experience and addressing barriers to technology adoption. For policy making, developing supportive policies, and infrastructure to facilitate e-healthcare adoption is crucial to enhancing public health outcomes.
A web-based resource for exercise training in children treated for brain tumours to improve cognitive sequelae: Development and usability
Authors: Cox Elizabeth , Kiwan Marium , de Medeiros Cynthia , Chen-Lai Jeanne , Cassiani Celia , Tseng Julie , Johnston Krista , Timmons Brian W , Stinson Jennifer N , Bouffet Eric , Mabbott Donald J
Published: September 2024

Improving cognitive sequelae in children treated for brain tumours (CTBT) requires accessible interventions. While instructor-led exercise in a hospital setting is efficacious, it is not extended to communities.

Objectives

We aimed to (i) develop a website with educational resources/tools for community health and fitness professionals (HFP) to deliver exercise for CTBT in community settings to improve cognition and (ii) assess its usability by community HFP. It was hypothesized that the website would be learnable, clear, satisfactory and efficient to deliver exercise.

Methods

A scoping review determined the state of eHealth resources to support exercise for CTBT and identified knowledge and resource gaps. Three focus groups with HFP who served cancer survivors in hospital or community settings ( n = 13) identified user needs; content analysis identified themes. Gaps from the scoping review and themes from focus groups informed website content. A questionnaire assessed its usability by community HFP ( n = 4). Descriptive statistics inferred the website's learnability, clarity, satisfaction and efficiency. Open-ended responses identified issues.

Results

The scoping review revealed a lack of eHealth resources supporting exercise to improve cognition in CTBT and education for HFP to deliver exercise. Six themes were identified in the focus groups. HFP rated the website as sufficiently learnable, clear, satisfactory and efficient. Two minor issues were reported and addressed.

Conclusion

The website marks one of the first eHealth resources to increase accessibility of intervention to improve cognitive sequelae and ultimately quality of life in CTBT. HFP also gain access to education and tools to deliver exercise in community settings.
Solving variability: Accurately extracting feature components from ballistocardiograms
Authors: Yang Tianyi , Yuan Haihang , Yang Junqi , Zhou Zhongchao , Abe Masayuki , Nakayama Yoshitake , Huang Shao Ying , Yu Wenwei
Published: September 2024

Objective

A ballistocardiogram (BCG) is a vibration signal generated by the ejection of the blood in each cardiac cycle. The BCG has significant variability in amplitude, temporal aspects, and the deficiency of waveform components, attributed to individual differences, instantaneous heart rate, and the posture of the person being measured. This variability may make methods of extracting J-waves, the most distinct components of BCG less generalizable so that the J-waves could not be precisely localized, and further analysis is difficult. This study is dedicated to solving the variability of BCG to achieve accurate feature extraction.

Methods

Inspired by the generation mechanism of the BCG, we proposed an original method based on a profile of second-order derivative of BCG waveform (2ndD-P) to capture the nature of vibration and solve the variability, thereby accurately localizing the components especially when the J-wave is not prominent.

Results

In this study, 51 recordings of resting state and 11 recordings of high-heart-rate from 24 participants were used to validate the algorithm. Each recording lasts about 3 min. For resting state data, the sensitivity and positive predictivity of proposed method are: 98.29% and 98.64%, respectively. For high-heart-rate data, the proposed method achieved a performance comparable to those of low-heart-rate: 97.14% and 99.01% for sensitivity and positive predictivity, respectively.

Conclusion

Our proposed method can detect the peaks of the J-wave more accurately than conventional extraction methods, under the presence of different types of variability. Higher performance was achieved for BCG with non-prominent J-waves, in both low- and high-heart-rate cases.
Strengthening the mental health literacy and self-efficacy of school counsellors using “MDAS” module: A pilot project in Malaysia
Authors: Chow Soon Ken , Hashim Aili Hanim , Kaur Manveen , Azhar Fatin Liyana , Anuar Abdullah , Idris Norhaniza , Hii Sun Sun Winnie , Ng Chong Guan
Published: September 2024

Mental health difficulties affect children and adolescents pervasively. School counsellors serve as frontliners to support the students in need, but often face challenges from the complexity of their cases. This study aims to develop a training module named MDAS (Mental Health disorder, Developmental disorders, Attachment and Self-compassionate) program to improve the school counsellors’ mental health knowledge and counselling self-efficacy. The Module was adapted from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Training Module for Specialist 2009 (Second Edition). The study adopted a one group pre-test/post-test design to assess 28 school counsellors at 0-month and 4-month after the training. The scales used were Counselling Self-Efficacy scale (COSE), Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) and Self-Compassionate Scale – Short Form (SCS-SF). Post-training, there were significant increment of COSE and MHLS scores ( p < .001 and p < .046) with Cohen’s d of 1.01 and 0.58. Four of the COSE subscales (micro skills, counselling process, cultural competence and dealing with difficult clients’ behaviour) significantly increased after MDAS training ( p < .001, p = .006, p = .001 and p = .01). In addition to increasing the counselling capacity of school counsellors, our training module can serve as a promising platform for mental health professionals and counsellors.
Social reintegration of individuals convicted of terrorism in France: From paradox to blind spot?
Authors: Amadio Nicolas , Benbouriche Massil , Domingo Bruno , Sarg Rachel
Published: September 2024

Social reintegration of individuals convicted of terrorism is a major issue of probationary and scientific debate. However, while the issue has made significant strides internationally, it has until now received little attention in France. The aim of this article is to highlight this difference in interest and to provide some insights into the reasons for this. It does this by drawing on a literature review of French scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2012 and 2022. The article first defines the notion of social reintegration. Then, it highlights how, while the question of réinsertion of prisoners is presented as a fundamental objective of probationary practices and is a subject of interest in French research, the same cannot be said for social reintegration. This article concludes that this difference can be explained in terms of the interplay between practical and academic fields, internationalization, and interdisciplinarity.
Association of Suicidal Ideation With Physical Health Conditions, Mental Health Conditions, and Multimorbidity and the Modifying Role of Emotional Social Support: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan
Authors: Tanji Fumiya , Iwasawa Atsushi
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

It is unclear whether the risk of suicide differs among individuals with only physical health condition, those with only mental health conditions, and those with both types of conditions (multimorbidity) and how emotional social support modifies these associations. This study aimed to examine differences in the association of suicidal ideation with the presence of only physical health conditions, only mental health conditions, and multimorbidity and the modifying role of emotional social support in these associations.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2023 in a Japanese rural town to collect data. The exposure variable was the health condition, and it was classified into 4 groups: disease-free, only physical health conditions, only mental health conditions, and multimorbidity. The outcome variable was suicidal ideation. The data collected were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis.

Results:

Suicidal ideation was found to have a significant positive association with the presence of only mental health conditions and multimorbidity. These associations remained unchanged in the absence of emotional social support. However, the odds ratio for the only mental health conditions group decreased in the presence of emotional social support, while the odds ratio for the multimorbidity group remained significantly higher.

Conclusions:

Suicidal ideation is positively associated with the presence of only mental health conditions and multimorbidity, but emotional social support modifies only the association between suicidal ideation and the presence of only mental health conditions. These results suggest that it may be important to identify the type of social support one needs based on one’s health condition to prevent suicide.
Achieving Cancer Equity by Improving Health Insurance Access for All Latinos
Authors: Huguet Nathalie , Holderness Heather , Vasquez Guzman Cirila Estela , Marino Miguel , Heintzman John
Published: September 2024

Cancer is the top leading cause of death among Latino people. Lack of health insurance is a significant contributor to inadequate cancer detection and treatment. Despite healthcare policy expansions such as the Affordable Care Act, Latino people persistently maintain the highest uninsured rate among any ethnic and racial group in the US, especially among Latino individuals who are immigrants or part of a mixed immigration status household. Recognizing that immigration status is a critical factor in the ability of Latino community members to seek health insurance and access healthcare services, a few US states and the District of Columbia have implemented policies that have expanded coverage to children and adults regardless of immigration status. Expansion of Medicaid eligibility regardless of immigration status may significantly benefit Latino communities, however the facilitators and barriers to enrolling in these programs need to be evaluated to ensure reach and achieve health equity across the cancer control continuum for all Latinos.
The World Society for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery: 2024 Update of the World Database for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: St Louis James D. , Collum Craig S. , Pennington John K. , Broser Taylor , Rudraraju Rama , Cleggett Maceo , Love Jeanne Anne , Potter Patricia , Bateson Brian , Juaneda Ignacio , Cervantes Jorge Luis , Lee Cheul , Jacobs Jeffery P. , Austin Erle H. , Kirklin James K.
Published: September 2024

Background

The World Database for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery (WDPCHS), sponsored by the World Society for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery (WSPCHS), provides complex congenital heart surgery outcomes analyses for member programs. This report represents the seven-year descriptive analysis of outcomes from active members of the WDPCHS.

Methods

Individual institutions submit data based on the specific procedure via a password protected platform. The data are collected, stored, and analyzed at Kirklin Solutions Inc., based in Birmingham, Alabama. This report presents a descriptive analysis of these procedures submitted from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2023.

Results

A total of 50,174 procedures were submitted with an overall mortality of 4.6%. The majority of submissions were from Asian countries. The majority of cases submitted from these countries were of STAT mortality category I and II. Repair of a ventricular septal defect (with a mortality of 0.8%) and correction of tetralogy of Fallot (2.0% mortality) were the most common procedures submitted to the database.

Conclusions

The WSPCHS accomplished one of its missions in 2017 when the WDPCHS began accepting data from pediatric and congenital heart surgery programs across the globe. In doing so, it became one of the first organizations to create a platform for the exchange of knowledge and experience, regardless of the socioeconomic status of the particular program or country.
Predictors of Neurologic Complications and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Pastuszko Peter , Katz Michael G. , Ravvin Shana , Hsia Tain-Yen , Raju G. Praveen , Nigam Vishal , Mainwaring Richard D.
Published: September 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as an important intervention for children both preceding and following cardiac surgery. There is a notable lack of comprehensive information regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes. The Norwood procedure and complex biventricular repairs exhibit the highest prevalence of ECMO usage. Examination of the data demonstrates that only 50% of ECMO survivors achieved normative cognitive outcomes, with 40% of those experiencing long-term neurological deficits. It is imperative to conduct robustly designed studies with extended follow-up periods to establish guidelines for neuromonitoring and neuroprotection during ECMO in the field of congenital cardiac surgery.
Dyadic Associations Between Self and Peer Engagement in Online Alcohol-Facilitative Communication and College Student Drinking
Authors: Chase Gregory E. , Hussong Andrea M. , Jensen Michaeline
Published: September 2024

In a sample of 562 college student peer dyads ( M age = 20.47, SD = 1.26; 65.7% female; 68.8% White), this study investigates how college student engagement (both their own and their peer’s) in online alcohol-facilitative communication is associated with frequency of past year drinking. Data were drawn from a study conducted in 2016–2018 in the Southeastern United States. Actor-partner interdependence models suggest that college students who engaged in more alcohol-facilitative communication, and whose peer engaged in more alcohol-facilitative communication, drank more frequently and more heavily than those students who engaged in less alcohol-facilitative communication (even when controlling for their peer's offline drinking). Moreover, college student engagement in online alcohol-facilitative communication was a stronger predictor of their own drinking than their peer's engagement. The hypothesized interaction between self- and peer-reported alcohol-facilitative communication did not emerge overall, though exploratory analyses of specific subdimensions of alcohol-facilitative communication suggested a potential ceiling effect.
Incremental Increase in Hospital Length of Stay Due to Complications of Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Lafage Renaud , Sheehan Connor , Smith Justin S. , Daniels Alan , Diebo Bassel , Ames Christopher , Bess Shay , Eastlack Robert , Gupta Munish , Hostin Richard , Kim Han Jo , Klineberg Eric , Mundis Gregory , Hamilton Kojo , Shaffrey Christopher , Schwab Frank , Lafage Virginie , Burton Douglas ,   On behalf of the International Spine Study Group (ISSG)
Published: September 2024

Study Design

Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives

Length of Stay (LOS) and resource utilization are of primary importance for hospital administration. This study aimed to understand the incremental effect of having a specific complication on LOS among ASD patients.

Methods

A retrospective examination of prospective multicenter data utilized patients without a complication prior to discharge to develop a patient-adjusted and surgery-adjusted predictive model of LOS among ASD patients. The model was later applied to patients with at least 1 complication prior to discharge to investigate incremental effect of each identified complication on LOS vs the expected LOS.

Results

571/1494 (38.2%) patients experienced at least 1 complication before discharge with a median LOS of 7 [IQR 5 to 9]. Univariate analysis demonstrated that LOS was significantly affected by patients’ demographics (age, CCI, sex, disability, deformity) and surgical strategy (invasiveness, fusion length, posterior MIS fusion, direct decompression, osteotomy severity, IBF use, EBL, ASA, ICU stay, day between stages, Date of Sx). Using patients with at least 1 complication prior discharge and compared to the patient-and-surgery adjusted prediction, having a minor complication increased the expected LOS by 0.9 day(s), a major complication by 3.9 days, and a major complication with reoperation by 6.3 days.

Conclusion

Complications following surgery for ASD correction have different, but predictable impact on LOS. Some complications requiring minimal intervention are associated with significant and substantial increases in LOS, while complications with significant impact on patient quality of life may have no influence on LOS.
Provider Perspectives on Rapid Treatment Initiation Among People Newly Diagnosed With HIV: A New Message of “Urgency”?
Authors: Uhrig Castonguay Breana J. , Mancuso Noah , Hatcher Sarah , Watson Sable , Okumu Eunice , Abbott Rica , Golin Carol E. , Mobley Victoria , Samoff Erika , Swygard Heidi , McNeil Candice J. , Gay Cynthia L.
Published: September 2024

Background

Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy improves human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outcomes. However, achieving earlier treatment initiation is challenging for many reasons including provider awareness and clinic barriers; this study sought to understand perceptions of an early initiation program.

Methods

We interviewed 10 providers from 3 HIV clinics in North Carolina (October-November 2020). We asked providers about overall perceptions of early initiation and the pilot program. We developed narrative summaries to understand individual contexts and conducted thematic analysis using NVivo.

Results

Providers believed earlier initiation would signal an “extra sense of urgency” about the importance of antiretroviral therapy—a message not currently reflected in standard of care. Safety was a consistent concern. Cited implementation barriers included transportation assistance, medication sustainability, and guidance to address increased staff time and appointment availability.

Conclusion

Our qualitative findings highlight the need for training on the safety of early initiation and addressing staffing needs to accommodate quicker appointments.
Disclosure of HIV Status in Healthcare Settings: Practices and Considerations among Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thu Trang , Huong Dang Thi , Nguyen Lynn T. , Nguyen Bich Diep , Giang Le Minh , Lin Chunqing
Published: September 2024

Objective

This study investigated women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA)'s practices and decision-making regarding disclosure of HIV status in healthcare settings in Vietnam. Introduction: Disclosure of HIV status in healthcare settings is under-studied.

Methods

We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 WLHA in Hanoi, Vietnam. Thematic analysis was conducted to investigate the patterns, considerations, and consequences of HIV disclosure. Results: Most participants chose a selective disclosure strategy based on the type of procedure and healthcare setting. They considered several factors: concerns about stigma/discrimination, risks of confidentiality breach, relevance to healthcare provision, and altruism towards protecting providers and other patients. Selective disclosure or non-disclosure often prevented participants from accessing comprehensive care. Conclusion: The study underscores the need to prepare WLHA to make informed decisions regarding disclosure and provide them with service navigations and support. It also highlights the necessity of reducing stigma and enhancing confidentiality protection to ensure safe disclosure in healthcare settings.
Association Between Longitudinal Changes in Patellar Tendon Abnormality and Land-Jump Biomechanics in Male Collegiate Basketball Players
Authors: Kraszewski Andrew , Harris Kindred , Argentieri Erin , Toresdahl Brett , Drakos Mark , Hillstrom Howard , Allen Answorth , Nwawka O. Kenechi
Published: September 2024

Background:

The relationship between self-reported symptoms and the severity of patellar tendon abnormality (PTA) as seen on magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound is unclear, but biomechanical testing may resolve this.

Purpose:

To (1) compare land-jump limb biomechanics between pre- and postseason timepoints, (2) assess whether seasonal changes in biomechanics are associated with seasonal changes in PTA and symptom severity, and (3) explore models that identify seasonal changes in PTA and symptoms with seasonal changes in biomechanics in collegiate basketball players.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment Scale – Patellar Tendon (VISA-P) scores and bilateral measurements from 18 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I and II male basketball players (n = 36 limbs) at the preseason (visit 1) and postseason (visit 2) timepoints were collected. PTA was graded with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging morphology measurements proximally and distally, and 3-dimensional lower extremity sagittal kinematics and kinetics were measured during a land-jump test. Multivariate and chi-square analyses assessed timepoint differences. The association of seasonal (Δ = visit 2 - visit 1) biomechanics with seasonal morphology (ΔPTA: no change/worsened) and symptoms (ΔVISA-P: improved/no change/worsened) was tested with multivariate models. Logistic regressions modeled the accuracy of seasonal biomechanics to classify seasonal PTA and symptoms.

Results:

Three athletes (6 limbs) at visit 1 and 2 athletes (4 limbs) at visit 2 were symptomatic. VISA-P scores were not significantly different between preseason and postseason. Regarding PTA, multivariate analyses found differences among grouped ground-reaction force variables ( P < .05); univariate analyses found that worsened PTA was associated with seasonal decreases in peak vertical jumping force and with seasonal increases in knee flexion velocity at contact and maximum knee flexion velocity ( P < .05 for all). Regarding VISA-P scores, multivariate analyses found differences among grouped hip ( P < .01) and ankle ( P < .05) kinematic variables; univariate analyses found that worsened VISA-P was associated with seasonal increases in hip ( P < .01) and knee ( P < .01) flexion velocity at contact and seasonal increases in ankle range of motion ( P < .05).

Conclusion:

The findings demonstrated an association between seasonal changes in dynamic lower extremity biomechanics and seasonal changes in patellar tendon imaging signals as well as self-reported symptoms.