bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of maternal aflatoxin exposure on growth and morbidity of infants 0 to 3 months
Authors: Obade Mary
Published: June 2024

Aflatoxin exposure has been implicated in adverse human health outcomes in areas where the toxin is prevalent in foods [1]. Consequently, many people may be chronically exposed to large amounts of the toxin worldwide. The effect of aflatoxin exposure is felt more in developing countries and this may be attributed to high levels of malnutrition coupled with chronic exposure to high levels of the toxin in their diets [2]. Consumption of high levels of aflatoxins has been associated with aflatoxicosis resulting in death, while chronic dietary exposure to aflatoxins is associated with liver and other cancers and poor growth outcomes in young children [3]. Exposure of infants to aflatoxins may be detrimental to their normal growth and other aspects of health later in life. Early linear growth retardation is associated with poor cognitive development, reduced physical productivity, a greater risk of poor pregnancy outcomes later in life, including low birth weight babies and a greater risk of obesity, coronary heart disease, diabetes and hypertension later in life [3]. Therefore, protection of fetuses, infants and young children from the effects of aflatoxins through maternal exposure would not only reduce the risk of them not realizing their cognitive potential, but also contribute to reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases whose prevalence is on the rise, not just in developed countries, but also in developing countries.
Profiling culinary properties of East African highland cooking bananas to enhance hybrid selection efficiency
Authors:   Makerere University, Khakasa E , Muyanja C ,   Makerere University, Mugabi R ,   Makerere University, Nowakunda K ,   National Agricultural Research Laboratories
Published: June 2024

In many tropical households, the East African Highland Cooking Bananas (EAHCB) referred to as “Matooke” in Uganda are a staple food. Despite its importance, the crop is faced with numerous challenges such as drought, soil fertility, pests, and diseases that threaten its production and productivity. To curb this, banana breeding was developed as one of the strategies to avert the depletion of these bananas through the development of not only pests and disease resistant cultivars but also drought tolerant and high yielding cultivars. The pressure to satisfy the growing global population is also mounting, hence the need to increase production for food security. Breeding has proven to be an approach by which food production is boosted through the development of high yielding and fast-growing varieties. Unfortunately, not so many cooking banana hybrids that have been developed and released are cultivated by farmers as most are rejected as a result of consumer perception of them. The hybrids sometimes possess culinary properties considered inferior. Consumer demands are pertinent in any product development. This review aimed to determine the key factors that influenced consumer perception and acceptability of improved cooking banana hybrids. The data sources used for this study were Google Scholar, PubMed, AgEcon, Sciencedirect.com, CABI Abstracts, and organizational websites (FAO, RTBFoods, and CGIAR). The keywords and search terms used were “East African Highland cooking bananas”, “consumer acceptability”, “sensory attributes”, “culinary properties,” “hybrid selection”, and “banana breeding”. This article presents a summary of banana production and its challenges, banana breeding and its successes, consumer perception, and acceptability of banana hybrids, and profiles the consumer traits responsible for the acceptance or rejection of new hybrids. Overall, the most important culinary properties for both preference and acceptance of new hybrids were the perceived deep yellow color of the cooked matooke, soft texture, smooth mouthfeel, “matooke” aroma, and non-astringent taste, all summed up as “tookeness”. Attributes for rejection included possession of mixed colors of the cooked matooke, absence of deep yellow color, lack of “matooke” aroma, hard placentas, and hard texture. Knowledge of product attributes that lead to the acceptance of new products is vital for breeders and this information could guide them during the development and selection of hybrids for release. Key words: Consumer acceptability, improved traits, new varieties, perception, quality, sensory attributes
Women empowerment through the home palm sugar industry in Hariang village, Sobang district, Lebak Regency in Banten Indonesia
Authors:   University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Khaerul S
Published: June 2024

Palm sugar is a home industry product that has been passed down from generation to generation in the Hariang village of Indonesia. Besides its unique characteristics, palm sugar is also an icon of an area, because not all regions have palm resources. Most of the palm sugar business actors, who are generally women, still have limitations, especially in product innovation. As a result, this home industry seems stagnant. Empowering women in the palm sugar home industry in Hariang village, Sobang District, Lebak Regency to develop the palm sugar home industry, strengthens the building of capacity of human resources. The objectives of this study were to (1) increase the capacity of palm sugar craftsmen in Hariang village, (2) increase business capacity in production and marketing management, (3) strengthen business group institutions (BGI) by utilizing infrastructure and production technology, to improve the product marketing function, and (4) develop an integrated home industry business system, with the support of local resources. The research was conducted at Hariang village, Sobang District, Lebak Regency in Banten Indonesia. The Miles and Huberman models for the analysis of qualitative data were adopted for this study from data collection, data reduction, data presentation to conclusion/verification. The realization of human resource competence strengthening activities is carried out by changing the mindset of women craftsmen through a broader network of participatory training by strengthening production management and marketing capabilities. The results of this study showed the need for the following from implementing the empowerment model (1) analyzing the needs of business groups, (2) creating training modules and conducting participatory business management training, (3) conducting technical guidance on production and marketing management, (4) strengthening institutions oriented towards the collective business community (socio-business), (5) benchmarking and partnership business, and (6) monitoring and evaluating the implementation and follow-up of assistance. In implementing the strategy to strengthen human resource capacity, women's business groups must be oriented towards producing premium quality home industry products capable of sustainable product innovation, in supporting business independence and building partnerships. Key words: Empowerment, Farmer Group, Home industry, Palm Sugar, Product Innovation, Women
Effect of blanching conditions and solar drying on selected nutritional, anti-nutritional and bioactive components of formulated avocado seed powder
Authors:   Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Nchangwe CC , Kassim N ,   Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Makule E ,   Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology
Published: June 2024

Avocado (Persea americana Mill) seeds are mainly considered as waste by-products of avocado fruit processing in many countries, including Tanzania despite their potential health and economic benefits. The present work investigated the effect of hot water blanching and solar drying treatments on nutritional, bioactive, and cyanogenic glycosides of avocado seed samples in an attempt to develop quality avocado seed powders (ASPs) by using solar drying technology. Results showed that total ash, crude protein, crude fiber, total phenolic, proanthocyanidins, and cyanogenic glycosides contents showed a significant reduction in avocado seed powders with respect to increased blanching temperature and time. On the other hand, crude fat and total carotenoids contents, showed a decline with respect to increased temperature only. Blanching treatment at 85 °C for 10 minutes retained a significant amount of total ash (86.9%), crude fat (100%), crude protein (78.8%), crude fiber (91.6%), total carotenoids (43.6%) and total phenol contents (47.0%) in developed avocado seed powder. Cyanogenic glycosides were highly reduced at 95 °C for 20 minutes (81.1%) than at 85 °C for 10 minutes (58.5%). However, the level of cyanogenic glycosides in all avocado seed powders are far below the lethal dose (36 mg/100 g) of hydrocyanic acid. The significant high losses of nutrients and phytochemicals was observed at a blanching treatment of 95 °C for 20 minutes. This could be due to prolonged leaching of soluble compounds to hot water and degradation of heat-sensitive bioactive compounds. The aforementioned results revealed that, different temperatures and times during hot water blanching significantly influence the quality of formulated avocado seed powder. Therefore, hot water blanching treatment at 85 °C for 10 minutes and solar drying technology could be employed to produce a nutrient-rich and palatable avocado seed powder that can find its use in normal food consumption and food processing industries, particularly in low income settings. Key words: Avocado seed, avocado seed powder, solar drying, hot water blanching, utilization
Dietary diversity among children aged 6-59 months from settled pastoral communities in Marsabit County, Kenya
Authors:   Egerton University, Adongo AO , Matofari JW ,   Egerton University, Mbuthia E ,   Egerton University
Published: June 2024

Settlement among pastoralists is expected to facilitate access to social amenities. However, information on its impact on dietary changes and undernutrition under five children is limited. This study aimed to determine dietary diversity among children aged 6-59 months in settled pastoral households. In a cross sectional survey, 394 households with index child were randomly sampled using multistage technique. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information on population characteristics and dietary diversity. A dietary diversity score and minimum dietary diversity of the children were then calculated by summing the number of food groups from 0 to 7 eaten by the child 24 hours from the previous day. Categorical data was presented as proportions, while continuous variables mean ± standard error. Chi-square and analysis of variance were used to establish population differences. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between population characteristics and dietary diversity. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between food groups and child nutritional status. Results showed that 51.5% of children never met minimum dietary diversity. Cereals, roots and tubers were the most frequently consumed food group at 97%. Distance to market (P<0.05), household head education (p<0.05), caregiver occupation (p<0.05) and income were associated with dietary diversity. Eating legumes (OR= 0.50, 95% C.I (0.30, 0.85); p = 0.010) and vitamin A rich fruits and vegetables (OR= 0.50, 95% C.I (0.30, 0.85); p = 0.010) showed reduced odds of stunting while dairy products reduced the risk of a child becoming underweight [AOR=.2.09, 95% C.I (1.16 - 3.79); p = 0.015]. Overall, the findings highlight significant gaps in meeting dietary diversity recommendations among children in settled pastoral areas. Household head and caregiver attributes were identified as key influencing factors. It is recommended that county governments in northern Kenya promote optimal complementary feeding guidelines among settled pastoral caregivers to improve child nutrition. Key words: Pastoralists, children, under-five, dietary diversity, stunting, wasting, underweight, northern Kenya
Evaluation du potentiel fourrager des residus de recolte dans les exploitations cotonnieres a l’ouest du Burkina Faso
Authors:   Université Nazi Boni, Belem A , Ouédraogo-Koné S ,   Université Nazi Boni, Lankoandé YF ,   Université Nazi Boni, Koulibaly B ,   Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Sakandé F ,   Université Nazi Boni, Bamogo A ,   Université Nazi Boni, Traoré M ,   Université Nazi Boni
Published: June 2024

Dans les exploitations cotonnières à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso, les bovins de trait dont le rôle est capital (énergie, fumure, et d’autres) dans la durabilité du système agricole sont plus affectés au déficit fourrager en saison sèche. Pour y faire face, les résidus de récolte issus des céréales cultivées principalement en rotation avec le cotonnier peuvent jouer un rôle important. Cette étude vise à analyser la disponibilité des résidus de céréales pour leur utilisation optimale dans l’alimentation animale. Elle s’est déroulée dans neuf villages des provinces du Mouhoun et du Tuy de la zone cotonnière Ouest du Burkina Faso et a concerné 72 producteurs de coton constitués d’agriculteurs, d’éleveurs et d’agroéleveurs. La collecte des données a consisté en des enquêtes auprès des ménages et des mesures de biomasse dans les principales parcelles de maïs, mil et sorgho à travers la pose de 522 placettes de 25 m². La valeur nutritive des résidus de récolte a été estimée par la méthode de la spectrométrie dans le proche infrarouge. Les résultats ont montré que les superficies moyennes emblavées pour le maïs, mil et sorgho ont été respectivement de 3,8 ±3,7, 2,9 ±2,3 et de 1,7 ±1,4ha. Les rendements en biomasse ont été respectivement de 3,2 ±1,4, 2,5 ±0,9 et de 4,9 ±2,6 tonnes de matière sèche par hectare, avec des capacités de charge animale respectives de 2,0 ±0,9, 2,0 ±0,9 et 3,0 ±1,6 UBT/ha. Les bilans fourragers saisonniers enregistrés chez les agriculteurs, éleveurs et agroéleveurs ont été respectivement de 0,68, -22,59 et -2,24 UBT. La teneur moyenne en énergie métabolisable (7,55 MJ/kgMS) et la digestibilité in vitro (46,89 ± 2,57%) des résidus de récolte du sorgho ont été supérieures respectivement à celles du mil (6,56 ± 0,35 MJ/kgMS et 41,83 ± 0,88%) et du maïs (7,10 ± 0,58 MJ/kgMS et 44,40 ± 0,86%). Les teneurs en matières azotées totales des tiges de céréales ont été faibles. Elles ont été comprises entre 3,16 ± 0,27 % et 4,64 ± 0,81 % pour respectivement les résidus de récolte de sorgho et du maïs, ce qui met en exergue la nécessité de complémentation avec des sources protéiques dans l’utilisation alimentaire de ces résidus de récolte dans les exploitations cotonnières. Une orientation davantage des producteurs vers le sorgho pourrait améliorer l’offre fourragère et contribuer au renforcement de l’intégration agriculture-élevage et donc de la durabilité du système de production. Mots-clés : Céréales, Mil, Maïs, Sorgho, Valeur nutritive, Rendement, Bilan fourrager, Bovin
Black sapote (Diospyros digyna) as an underutilized ingredient in the preparation of vegan breads for school children in Puebla, Mexico
Authors:   Ciudad Universitaria, Morales Paredes YR , Santiesteban López NA ,   Ciudad Universitaria, Arellano Rios KS , Ramírez Martínez TY , Romero Rodriguez SG
Published: June 2024

The black sapote (Diospyros digyna) is a Mexican endemic fruit cultivated in several states of the country, however, despite its production, it is wasted in different locations specifically in the state of Puebla, including Rafael Lara Grajales municipality. The objective of this article was to identify three different samples of vegan breads for the use of this fruit, to evaluate their acceptability in school children (6-12 years old) living in that location. This was achieved through sensory evaluation with a 5-point hedonic scale. The inclusion of an underutilized ingredient, such as black sapote, in their diet expands the variety of foods available to them. This article is based on a mixed, experimental, cross-sectional methodology with an exploratory and descriptive scope, using a documentary and field technique. The ANOVA statistical test and the Tukey test were carried out to evaluate the attributes of each bread evaluated, using the Minitab software version 18. The results showed that there was no significant difference p < 0.05 between the three samples, that is, all were sensorially accepted by the untrained panelist school children of Valentín Gómez Farías elementary school in the municipality of Rafael Lara Grajales, Puebla. The attributes of taste, aroma, color, shape and texture did not show significant differences in bread preference, despite the presence of sapote, which is not commonly consumed in the region. The texture, shape and taste were the most liked aspects of the hojaldra (traditional bread for the day of the dead in Mexico), while aroma and color were the least favored. The students favored the color, aroma, and taste of the conchas (fluffy bread with butter topping), but did not prefer their texture and shape. Similarly, the rolls were preferred for their aroma and shape, but were not the top choices in terms of taste, texture, and color. The aroma and taste were the variables with a positive correlation in the evaluated breads. Texture and taste had a low 3.9% positive correlation, and texture and color had a 4.1% correlation across all three samples. An interval graph was also made to determine the most acceptable elements of the breads evaluated, as well as, a multiple correlation to determine the sensorial characteristics with the highest correlation. The most popular bread was the concha. Key words: black sapote, bread, veganism, sensorial evaluation, sensory evaluation
Food security governance: taming the endemic starvation for peace and sustainable development in Africa
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Oluoko-Odingo AA , Akukwe TI ,   University of Nigeria, Asaka JO , Mba CL , Mba CC , Okwueze FO , Okonkwo UT , Onyekwelu CA , Ubachukwu NN , Nwodo MN , Nnoli CI
Published: June 2024

This study investigated food security governance in relation to taming the endemic starvation for peace and sustainable development in Africa. Food and nutrition security remain a multi-dimensional concept to ensure sustainability of the food system by 2030. It is a prerequisite to meaningful development as starving people are not capable of learning, innovating, nor prioritizing sustainable development. The COVID-19 preventive measures such as lockdowns and curfews, and persistent conflict in Africa, plunged deteriorating food insecurity into steep descent that necessitates collaborative efforts and partnerships to change the trajectory. The partnerships will restore livelihoods, and eliminate starvation, disease, abject poverty, wars and eventually restore peace. Data for the study were collected through systematic review of scholarly reviewed publications obtained from Access to Global Online Research in Agriculture (AGORA) database, University of Nairobi and Google search engines. The objectives of this paper, therefore, are to analyse underlying causes of persistent starvation in Africa, examine the factors that contribute to food security issues degenerating into conflict, and highlight the role of governance in finding lasting solutions to persistent starvation in the continent. However, it was revealed that, there is congruence that conflict and disease (COVID-19) may require more attention, with unanimous calls for the adoption of multilateralism in food governance as strategy to handle the nexus issues on food, water, energy, climate, economy, conflict and disease. Attention is also required to be focused on innovations supporting small-scale farmers, especially women farmers who are the most vulnerable, to benefit from autonomous measures (such as climate-smart agriculture practices) and adaptation to climate extremes. Conclusions are drawn on the best possible strategies available to mitigate endemic starvation in Africa, the urgent need for joint efforts to eliminate conflict –induced food insecurity, and emphasis on a systems approach to tackle nexus issues (Food-Water-Energy-Climate-Economy-Conflict and Disease) to ensure sustainable development. Key words: Food security, Starvation, Conflict, Peace, Sustainable development, Africa
Only Safe Food is Food
Authors: Oniang'o Ruth
Published: June 2024

The United Nations defines food security as ability to afford and access food that is safe, nutritious, enough and culturally acceptable. For decades we worried about many world citizens going hungry, and we still do. Increasingly, severe weather events are rendering food inaccessible: stored food and crops in the fields are destroyed by severe weather events while livestock dye under scorching heat or are washed away by floods. Food already harvested also goes bad in unfavorable conditions, even before it is stored. Clearly, food safety becomes a challenge here. And then, if food is not safe, it poses health risks. It becomes poisonous to the human body. Sometimes people feed it to domestic animals, which is a bad decision especially if such animals are meant for human consumption. There are more illnesses that are food borne and water borne than is imagined. Many consumers take a lot of chances with food and sellers know this. As consumers, we trust produce suppliers too much. Knowing where your fresh produce is sourced is very important. Vegetables could look good even when they are full of harmful microorganisms. It is also advisable to establish a regular supplier and let them know your expectations. There are also consumers who might self-poison with food which has gone bad in the refrigerator. Such food might not look or smell spoiled. Yet it might cause problems when consumed. I would recommend one reads extensively on food safety, including how to properly store excess food. And if you have no means to store it, just give it away. And the freezer, will it store food forever? Look in your freezer today and comb through it to see what food you forgot about.
Charles Bonnet syndrome following head trauma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wong Georgia , Williams Josef D. , Osuala Uchenna , Bryant Jean-Paul , Nair Nathan
Published: June 2024

Background: Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is a condition characterized by vivid, complex visual hallucinations in individuals with visual impairment. Despite its prevalence among the elderly and those with degenerative eye diseases, CBS remains underdiagnosed and undertreated due to a lack of awareness and misconceptions surrounding its etiology and management.Case Report: A 51-year-old man presented to the emergency room after falling off his bicycle without wearing a helmet. Head imaging revealed a small right frontoparietal traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage with an associated trace subdural hematoma along the right parietal convexity. Subsequently, he developed non-light perceiving vision loss, after which he began experiencing visual hallucinations.Conclusion: CBS is frequently overlooked or left untreated. Research on diagnosing and managing CBS following head trauma is limited. Therefore, clear diagnostic criteria for CBS and a better understanding of its underlying mechanisms are needed to improve diagnosis and management strategies.
Численная модель аэродисперсной среды, содержащей ледяные и саженые частицы, для исследования ослабления лучистой энергии
Authors: Шефер Ольга Владимировна , Сенников Виктор Александрович
Published: June 2024

Представлена физико-математическая модель кристаллического облака, содержащего ледяные кристаллы и сажевые частицы. Численная модель предназначена для расчета фактора ослабления видимого и ИК излучения. В качестве рассеивателей рассмотрены ансамбли сфер и пластинок, а также смеси восьми типов кристаллов симметричных и несимметричных форм. Продемонстрированы особенности спектрального хода ослабления при изменении микрофизических параметров среды, состоящей из совокупностей частиц чистого льда, аморфного углерода и триоксида диалюминия
Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as Influenced by Irrigation Methods and Nano Fertilizers
Authors: Vasuki A. , Paulpandi V.K. , Gurusamy A. , Surya R.
Published: June 2024

Background: Globally rice is cultivated under lowland condition. Increasing water scarcity and imbalanced fertilizer application affects the productivity of rice. Effective as well as efficient irrigation method and proper nutrient management enhance the growth and yield of rice besides increasing the input use efficiency. Methods: A field experiment was carried in Agricultural College and Research Institute at Madurai during Kharif season 2022. Design executed was split plot with three main and seven sub plots. Irrigation methods was assigned to main plot and nutrient management to sub plot. Result: The experiment result revealed that adopting alternate wetting and drying irrigation method coupled with combination of 50 percent N and K given as conventional fertilizer + foliar spray of Nano N and K had significant impact on growth attributes, physiological characters and yield beside with limited use of inputs.
Application of Machine Learning in Drone Technology for Tracking of Tigers
Authors: AlZubi Ahmad Ali , Alkhanifer Abdulrhman
Published: June 2024

Background: Tigers, as iconic apex predators and symbols of biodiversity conservation, face numerous threats to their existence. Effective tracking and monitoring are essential for understanding and preserving these majestic creatures and their habitats. The convergence of machine learning and drone technology has emerged as transformative tools in the field of tiger tracking. Drones, or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), have rapidly become invaluable assets in wildlife conservation. Machine learning algorithms, with their capacity to analyze complex datasets, make predictions and automate decision-making processes, offer a novel approach to processing the massive amounts of data generated by drones, including images, sounds and sensor readings. Methods: This paper explores the historical significance of tiger tracking, the pivotal role of drones in conservation and the transformative capabilities of machine learning in wildlife monitoring. In this work, an accurate framework for tiger detection based on YOLOv8 is utilized. Result: By examining the interplay between machine learning, drone technology and tiger conservation, this paper highlights the potential for innovation and the challenges that lie ahead, promising a brighter future for these iconic creatures and their ecosystems. The fine-tuned YOLOv8 model demonstrates exceptional object detection performance, boasting a mAP50 of 0.9820 and a mAP50-95 of 0.6856, coupled with precise classification (precision 0.9646) and robust instance capture (recall 0.9580).
Bio-Efficacy of Pre-and Post-Emergence Herbicides on Growth, Productivity, Nodulation of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.) under Coastal Plain of Odisha
Authors: Dash Rabiratna , Barik Narmada , Patro Hrushikesh , Rath Bama Shankar , Panda Narayan , Karubakee S. , Alim M.A. , Lenka Subhrashini , Nayak Anshuman
Published: June 2024

Background: Weeds compete with plants for resources during cultivation and the control of weeds during the critical period of crop-weed competition is crucial to avoid yield loss ranging from 50%-90% in black gram. The first 4-5 weeks are critical for black gram crop-weed competition. The composition of weed flora, the duration of crop-weed competition and its intensity significantly impact yield losses in black gram cultivation. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate weed management practices in rabi black gram, with a focus on identifying herbicides that enhance weed control, increase productivity and profitability. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 consecutively at Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar. The field experiment comprised of eight treatments on different herbicide applications as T1- Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 65 g a.i. ha-1, T2- Quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g a.i. ha-1, T3-Cyhalofop-butyl @ 75 g a.i. ha-1, T4-Pendimethalin @ 750 g a.i. ha-1, T5- Oxyflourfen @ 50 g a.i. ha-1, T6- Tembotrione @ 120 g a.i. ha-1, T7- Weed check (control) and T8- Weed free, which was laid under randomised block design. Collected samples were analyzed in the field and laboratory for crop-weed competition, herbicide phytotoxicity and yield attributes. Result: The results revealed that weed-free treatment recorded the lowest weed population (5.27-5.45), weed dry weight (1.35g-2.20 g) and lowest weed index (0.00%) at all growth stages followed by pendimethalin (PE) application. Among yield attributes, weed-free treatment recorded the highest plant height (cm) which was at par with pendimethalin (PE) followed by cyhalofop-butyl (PoE) application. The magnitude of seed yield was increased under weed-free (1035.46 kg ha-1) and pendimethalin (PE) and cyhalofop-butyl (PoE) applications by 53.62% and 48.40%, respectively over the weedy check. Application of tembotrione recorded the highest herbicide phytotoxicity (5.3-7.6) over the rest of the treatments. It can be concluded that the application of pendimethalin 30 EC 750 g ha-1 as PE at 2 DAS followed by cyhalofop-butyl 10 EC 75 g ha-1 can be advisable for better weed control, lower herbicide phytotoxicity and higher yield.
Renal Artery Stenosis: Current Insights and Advances in Management
Authors: Gomez-Coral Maria Isabel
Published: June 2024

Renal artery stenosis (RAS) presents a significant challenge in clinical practice, often leading to treatment-resistant hypertension and renal dysfunction. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current insights and advances in managing RAS, encompassing its pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment strategies, recent research, and future directions. RAS, predominantly caused by atherosclerosis or fibromuscular dysplasia, poses a substantial burden on affected individuals, necessitating early diagnosis and intervention to mitigate its adverse effects on renal function and cardiovascular health. Recent advancements in diagnostic imaging modalities, such as contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) and phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC-MRA), offer enhanced anatomical and functional insights into RAS without requiring invasive procedures. Furthermore, innovative interventional techniques, including drug-eluting stents and minimally invasive surgical approaches, demonstrate promising outcomes in addressing complex RAS cases. Clinical trials, notably the CORAL trial, provide valuable evidence for the efficacy and safety of various management strategies, guiding clinicians in making informed decisions tailored to individual patient needs. Future directions in RAS research may involve further refinement of imaging techniques, exploration of personalized medicine approaches, and the development of targeted therapies to address underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Collaborative efforts between clinicians, researchers, and industry partners are essential in driving innovation and advancing the field toward improved outcomes and quality of life for patients with RAS. Through continued research and innovation, the prognosis for patients with RAS promises enhanced management strategies and improved long-term outcomes.
Colorimetric method to estimate the soil organic matter in karst areas
Authors: García-Ruiz Rafael , Bautista Francisco , Sánchez-Hernández Rufo , Goguitchaichvili Avto
Published: June 2024

The increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) content contributes the mitigation of the effects of global climate change, thus it is important to know its levels. However, the SOC analysis can eventually be expensive and time consuming, as well as generating toxic waste. The measurement of soil color may be an indirect method more effective to estimate the SOC than traditional techniques. The principal aim of the study was to use color parameters through the CIE Lab system and some color indices, such as saturation and redness indices, to estimate the COS in a karst area of the municipality of Chetumal in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. The percentage of COS was measured in 50 soil samples by conventional methods while the soil color was analyzed with the CIE Lab system. Both variables were correlated with the redness index. Based on color, the samples were separated into five groups, ranging from pinkish white to brownish gray. Multiple regression equations (SOC vs soil color parameters) were performed for each group and a medians comparison analysis was applied. The correlation adjustment between the redness index and COS is R2> 0.86. The values of the multiple regression equations were R2> 0.8. We conclude that the soil redness index, now named organic carbon index, can be used as a relatively quick approach to estimate the percentage of SOC in karst areas.
On the Separation of Scientific Activity and the State-owned Corporate Form of Science Management in Contemporary Russia. Part 2
Authors: Krivoruchko Vladimir
Published: June 2024

The article presents the details of ideas and proposals announced by the author in 2021 within the framework of the round table of the “Science Management: Theory and Practice” journal (on the topic “Science in an Innovative Economy”). The proposed measures are considered as increasingly relevant in the face of the long-term confrontation with the ‘collective West’, which is striving for scientific and economic isolation of contemporary Russia, as well as in relation to the national goals and objectives set by the country’s leadership for the period up to 2036.
The second part of the article deals with the structural as well as administrative and legal features of the Russian science and technology complex. It numbers over four thousand organizations that carry out research and development activities in substantially separate sectors of “civil” and “defense” science.
As a result, a proposal is submitted to the readers to integrate research and development that produce new fundamental scientific knowledge, end-to-end high-tech technologies and relevant intellectual activity results in the interests of socio-economic development, the national defense and security of the state in a specialized state corporation by giving it the authority to regulate scientific research and technological activities, including those in relation to the rest of the bulk of Russian research organizations of different branches.
It is proposed to implement a thoroughgoing reform in the field of Russian science by adoption of appropriate new federal laws.
Housing Sociology will become a Thing. Discussing the Book Edited by B.J. Mccabe, E. Rosen Titled “The Sociology of Housing: How Homes Shape our Social Lives”
Authors: Litvintsev Denis
Published: June 2024

Housing sociology is a fairly modern branch of sociology. It originated in the USA in the mid-20th century and continues to gain popularity all around the world. However discussions about its viability as an independent discipline continue to this day. The publication of the book “The Sociology of Housing” in 2023, which was edited by modern sociologists and researchers of the housing industry B.J. McCabe and E. Rosen, actually puts an end to this dispute. The collective work of the authors reveals not only the variety of issues and the methods for studying them that housing sociology addresses, but also demonstrates the problems and prospects for the development of this discipline, the possibilities of interdisciplinary cooperation, and the specifics of sociological imagination and the thought process of people from the industry. This is precisely what the author of this review focuses on. In fact, this book can be considered a manifesto for housing sociology (by analogy with the manifesto of sociology of mobilities by J. Urry), something not mentioned by its authors and editors out of modesty.
SOSIALISASI PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG HORTIKULTURA DI KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO DAN LUMAJANG
Authors: Soeparjono Sigit , Usmadi Usmadi , Harsanti Restiani Sih , Dewanti Parawita , Restanto Didik Pudji , Putri Widya Kristiyanti
Published: June 2024

Probolinggo and Lumajang districts are two regions in East Java that have horticultural villages with the potential to develop fruit and vegetable crops. Efforts to develop horticultural villages in the region need to be made to achieve the realization of horticultural villages that are independent and advanced, more modern and have high competitiveness. This socialization and development activity aims to increase understanding of horticultural farmer groups regarding efforts to develop horticultural villages in both regions in accordance with the standards of horticultural villages that are independent and advanced and have sales value, provide guidance and training to horticultural village farmers regarding the cultivation of horticultural plants and processing of products accordingly. commodities developed in each region, explore several factors that influence the level of success and sustainability of the horticultural village development program in the sampling area, obtain input regarding recommendations for improving programs or activities carried out in each sampling horticultural village using descriptive and quantitative analysis . Horticultural farmers' understanding regarding the development of horticultural villages in the Probolinggo and Lumajang districts is still low and does not meet the standards of horticultural villages that are independent and advanced and have sales value. Efforts to develop horticultural villages in the Probolinggo and Lumajang districts show positive developments in several commodities, while for annual fruit commodities, factors that influence the sustainability indicators of the horticultural village development program. Apart from that, there are factors such as the quality of the farmer group's human resources and the involvement of stakeholders which greatly influences the sustainability of the development of horticulture villages. Efforts to develop horticulture villages require the provision of facilities and assistance with production facilities, infrastructure and guidance on post-harvest handling, processing, market development and the development of farmers' economic institutions.
PELATIHAN AKLIMATISASI ANGGREK Dendrobium BAGI REMAJA MUSALA DARUL IMAN KECAMATAN SUMBERSARI JEMBER
Authors: Restanto Didik , Dewanti Parawita , Handoyo Tri , Soeparjono Sigit , Hartatik Sri , Slameto Slameto , Siswoyo Tri Agus , Widjayanthi Lenny , Avivi Sholeh , Wulanjari Distiana , Saleh Azmi , Hazmi Muhammad
Published: June 2024

The Dendrobium sp orchid is an orchid that is suitable for living in equatorial areas because it requires full light. Acclimatization is a very important stage for future orchid development. The aim of this service is to provide training to member of the Musala Darul Iman to understand orchid acclimatization techniques which can be used as equipment in orchid agribusiness. From the results of this trial, the audience's enthusiasm was obtained in listening to the lecture and practice, both in cultivation and agribusiness. Seedlings to be acclimatized should be healthy and perfect, good technique of transferring to a soft pot must be solid, watering was done after 7 days to give the root system the opportunity to develop well and required high levels of patience.
EFFECTIVE USE OF CRITICAL THINKING TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING FICTION AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Abildayeva Karlygash
Published: June 2024

This article systematically examines the issue of the effective use of critical thinking in teaching students fiction. According to the technology of developing critical thinking, the work of researchers is first reviewed and the significance of this technology is determined on the basis of their opinions. From several methods, strategies of critical thinking that activate students in the classroom, those that are inherent in the nature of the work are selected. From several methods, strategies of critical thinking that activate students in the classroom, those that are inherent in the nature of the work are selected. They are sorted into three stages of critical thinking development technology. An example is taken by Miguel de Cervantes’ novel Don Quixote, which studies the effectiveness of approaches to the complete assimilation of new material by students. The problem of forming a creative person who can critically analyze the fate of the main characters in the work with modern life was also mentioned. It is revealed that the system of tasks given to students leads to success in awakening cognitive activity, understanding new information, discussing and systematizing.
INTERCULTURAL CITIZENSHIP IN THE EFL CLASSROOM: A SURVEY ON KAZAKHSTANI TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS
Authors:   PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of General Education Disciplines, Astana IT University, Astana, Kazakhstan, Gerfanova Elmira , Rudik Zarina ,   PhD student, Senior Lecturer, Department of the English Language and TM, Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to investigate how English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers perceive the concept of intercultural citizenship. The participants for this study were 23 EFL teachers from two universities in Kazakhstan. The primary method of data collection was a structured questionnaire containing open-ended items that asked the participants to express their thoughts and opinions on the qualities, responsibilities, and duties they believe are essential for an intercultural citizen. The obtained data revealed teachers’ perceptions of IC: teachers highlighted the importance of cultural awareness, empathy and intercultural communication skills. Moreover, the findings indicate that EFL teachers have a limited understanding of the concept of intercultural citizenship. The results of this study may provide insights for educators and curriculum developers into EFL teachers’ perceptions of intercultural citizenship, which may help to develop effective strategies and approaches for integrating the IC component into EFL classrooms.
Examinando a relação entre proximidade espacial e integração socioeconômica a partir das articulações entre a população de dois bairros populares e os condomínios fechados de elite em Salvador, Brasil
Authors: Treuke Stephan
Published: June 2024

Neste trabalho, visa-se investigar sob quais condições o efeito-território, acometendo as populações pobres do bairro central Calabar e do bairro periférico Vila Verde, Salvador, Brasil, se vê mitigado pela proximidade a condomínios da classe alta. Com base em entrevistas, evidencia-se que existem tanto mecanismos que prejudicam o indivíduo, como a influência do tráfico de drogas, quanto mecanismos que beneficiam sua vida, como a mobilização coletiva da comunidade. Discute-se que as articulações entre os grupos socialmente distantes sofreram importantes alterações ao longo da trajetória de expansão das classes média e alta, sendo que a relação entre proximidade e integração socioeconômica se vê condicionada pela existência de espaços públicos, pela autonomia funcional do bairro e pelo impacto do crime. Conclui-se que a recente construção do condomínio Alphaville II não ampliou as possibilidades de articulação social com os segmentos mais pobres que moram no bairro Vila Verde, dada sua maior autonomia funcional e seu maior grau de isolamento espacial. Tampouco criou externalidades positivas para a população do seu entorno geográfico em termos de acesso a serviços urbanos e de segurança pública, em contraste com o bairro de Calabar.
Fábrica dos sonhos
Authors: Ramalho Martins Fernando , Lázaro Prado Marcos
Published: June 2024

São várias as possibilidades de estudo quando pensamos sobre a chegada de uma grande fábrica de automóveis em uma pequena cidade sem tradição industrial. Do contexto das estratégias globais de expansão da empresa, passando pelas políticas nacionais de fomento ao setor e chegando ao impacto econômico que ela causa na localidade, tudo pode ser estudado, inclusive o significado simbólico que ela imbui nos diversos sujeitos a ela vinculados. O presente trabalho tem como objeto a fábrica da Mercedes-Benz na cidade de Iracemápolis, interior de São Paulo, Brasil. A pesquisa teve um caráter exploratório, tendo em vista o pouco tempo de funcionamento da unidade. Dados foram coletados em bases de dados de jornais e periódicos científicos, visitas in loco foram realizadas e entrevistas em profundidade foram conduzidas com os seguintes stakeholders: três trabalhadores, dois ex-trabalhadores, dois terceirizados, prefeito municipal e um secretário, um deputado federal, dois representantes trabalhistas locais e um internacional, secretário da IndustriAll e ex-membro do Comitê Diretivo da Mercedes-Benz. A análise de conteúdo, com codificação aberta, foi a forma escolhida para o tratamento dos dados. No desenvolvimento do trabalho, procurou-se reconstruir a curta trajetória da empresa naquela localidade (2016-2020), analisando sua estruturação produtiva, emprego, relações de trabalho e, principalmente, a percepção de trabalhadores acerca de sua presença. Dessa forma, a construção narrativa oferecida pelos entrevistados proporcionou-nos um interessante mergulho em seus imaginários sociais, dentro de um contexto de “vinculação” efêmera de uma multinacional do setor automobilístico, estruturada a partir do modelo CKD (Completely Knock-Down), em uma cidade interiorana.
Noturno do Brasil
Authors: Helayel Karim Abdalla
Published: June 2024

Procurarei aquilatar a inserção de Fernando Henrique Cardoso na ciência política entre os anos 1960-1970, tomando como ponto de partida sua aprovação no concurso da Cadeira de Política da USP, realizado em 1968. Levarei em consideração a relação da perspectiva sociológica histórico-comparada de Cardoso, desenvolvida em seu exílio, com o contexto de institucionalização da ciência política no Brasil, contrastando-a com as formulações de Paula Beiguelman e Wanderley Guilherme dos Santos. A hipótese discutida é a de que a mudança disciplinar de Cardoso, da sociologia à ciência política, além de marcar seu relativo afastamento em relação à Cadeira de Sociologia I da USP, foi efetuada sem deixar de lado uma perspectiva mais próxima do que entendemos como sociologia política. Ainda que Cardoso flerte, nos anos 1970, com uma perspectiva institucionalista, sua vinculação à ciência política se encontra próxima da sociologia política de orientação histórica e comparativa, que se torna perdedora com o predomínio do institucionalismo.
Sobre a semântica de 'sozinho'
Authors: Basso Renato Miguel , Rodrigues Elisa Anju
Published: June 2024

O item ‘sozinho’ do português brasileiro é mais complexo do que parece à primeira vista, e apresenta diversas interpretações diferentes, entre as quais identificamos espaço-temporal, argumental, anti-causal, emocional, comportamental, mereológica e autônoma. Nossa hipótese inicial é que 'sozinho' (e suas variações em gênero e número) é um item anti-comitativo, visto que em todas as suas interpretações há a exclusão de algum tipo de companhia, como, por exemplo, argumentos de um predicado, pessoas no espaço físico e causas de eventos. O presente trabalho também busca identificar e caracterizar todas as interpretações possíveis de ‘sozinho’, utilizando, inicialmente, como ferramenta a possibilidade de interpretação gradual, intensificação, adjuntos locativos e causativos e a combinação com outros modificadores para categorizar os diferentes tipos de ‘sozinho’. Nosso quadro teórico é a semântica e a pragmática formal e, utilizando da metodologia hipotético-dedutiva, procuraremos sempre formular conclusões falseáveis e, portanto, verificáveis, contando também com a intuição de falante nativo para a testagem das hipóteses. Como resultado esperado, teremos uma descrição detalhada de ‘sozinho’ e suas interpretações, bem como do funcionamento da anti-comitatividade no português brasileiro, o que ressalta a originalidade do presente trabalho.