bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One size doesn’t fit all: framework and resources for individualized interventions for struggling medical students
Authors: Clemmons Karina R. , Vuk Jasna , Sullivan Nicole
Published: November 2021

When helping struggling medical students, a “one size fits all” approach is often ineffective, as many different factors affect academic success. In our experience, these factors may overlap or be distinct for each student, and thus require individualized interventions based on student needs. We recommend an individualized model of academic support includes an intake interview, assessment, individualized interventions, and follow up to assess progress. This paper provides a recommended framework of resources for medical school faculty and staff who work with struggling students. Different issues that lead students to struggle are categorized in the main domains of Bloom’s taxonomy: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. A discussion of the impact of the factors in each domain includes detailed tables with corresponding manifestations, assessments, and support strategies literature for each issue. An application of a proposed framework is presented on a case example. Individualized approaches to improving medical student success are presented to address the complex and interrelated areas of academic success, wellbeing, quality of life, career potential, and satisfaction with medical school.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THERMOPLASTIC WELDED STIFFENED PANELS IN POST-BUCKLING
Authors: VAN DOOREN KEVIN S. , BISAGNI CHIARA
Published: November 2021

The Clean Sky 2 “SmarT mUlti-fuNctioNal and INtegrated TP fuselaGe" STUNNING project focusses on the next generation composite fuselage with emphasis on manufacturing techniques such as thermoplastic welding. Welded multi-stringer panels are investigated in this paper, with emphasis on the buckling and skin-stringer separation behavior. The multi-stringer panels are designed to approximate the structural behavior of the lower half of the MultiFunctional Fuselage Demonstrator of the STUNNING project. In particular, a section of the fuselage is analyzed using Abaqus with a dynamic implicit analysis, and the results of this analysis are used for the design of the multi-stringer panels, taking manufacturing considerations also into account. The panels have three omega stringers and a length of 500 mm. The three stringer configuration allows to study the middle stringer in pristine and damaged configuration with minimal influence of the free edges and boundary conditions. It is seen that the multi-stringer test panels show very similar buckling and skin-stringer separation behavior compared to the fuselage section. The first panels have been manufactured by project partners NLR and GKN Aerospace Fokker and will be tested at the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering at Delft University of Technology.
IT SOLUTIONS, PLC.: INTRODUCING A BIG DATA CASE INTO THE ACCOUNTING CURRICULUM
Authors: Stancheva-Todorova Eleonora , Dimitrova Mirella
Published: November 2021

By bridging the accounting and data science domains, this paper introduces an interdisciplinary Big Data case study for accounting students that implements a specific methodology framework. It is supported by clear learning objectives and detailed instructor’s implementation guidance that complement a fascinating scenario, representing a real-world situation in the data-led world of business. The participants’ assignment is to propose a strategy for improving financial position and performance of a particular company by attracting new customers selected among companies, listed on the London Stock Exchange. The data sources of the proposed case study are publicly available and comprise of historical financial and non-financial data, disclosed in companies’ annual reports. By performing their assigned roles under the case study scenario, future graduates will build upon their technological competences as well as raise their awareness on the new roles and job tasks of the future accountant. They will also gain understanding on the new advisory function of the accounting specialists and their responsibilities as management consultants in the data-let business world. From a research perspective, this interdisciplinary work demonstrates how expertise in text mining and financial reporting might be combined for revealing new investment opportunities and enhancing management decisions.
TO DEVELOP FORENSIC CRITERIA FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE OF TRAUMATIC AND NON-TRAUMATIC ORIGIN USING MUELLER-MATRIX MICROSCOPY OF LINEAR DICHROISM
Authors: Garazdiuk Marta , Bachynskyі Viktor , Nechytailo Olena , Garazdiuk Oleksandr
Published: November 2021

Differential diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage due to traumatic and non-traumatic origin is a challenging issue, especially in the absence of visible body injuries and other signs of violence. For a forensic expert-practitioner, the main thing is objectivity, accuracy, and speed of obtaining the result, which could fully satisfy the methods of laser polarimetry in the case of differential diagnosis of hemorrhages of traumatic and non-traumatic origin in the human brain matter.

The purpose: To develop forensic criteria for the differential diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage of traumatic and non-traumatic origin using Mueller-matrix microscopy of linear dichroism.

Materials and methods: The object of the study was brain matter samples, collected in 115 corpses of both sexes aged 22 to 86 years with accurately known causes of death. The causes of death included coronary artery disease, traumatic brain hemorrhage, ischemic brain infarction, and non-traumatic brain hemorrhages. Brain matter samples have been frozen rapidly, and histological sections have been made using a freezing microtome. The slices have been evaluated using the method of azimuthal-invariant Mueller-matrix microscopy, followed by mathematical and statistical processing of the results. 

Results: significant topographic heterogeneity of Mueller-matrix invariants of brain matter samples linear dichroism maps among all research groups have been found. Individual and significant variations of dispersion, asymmetry, and kurtosis magnitude have confirmed the heterogeneity of Mueller-matrix invariants. The difference of images and histograms among groups is explained by the presence of necrotic changes in the case of ischemic brain necrosis and blood cells in the brain matter samples. For the set of central statistical moments of the 1st, 3rd, and 4th orders, which characterize the distributions of circular dichroism, the method of MM-microscopy in the differentiation of samples of non-hemorrhage and hemorrhage groups reaches a satisfactory level - 78% - 84%.

Conclusions: Brain matter samples Muller-matrix microscopy of linear dichroism is effective for solving diagnostic problems of forensic medicine related to evaluating the cause of death from intracerebral hemorrhage of various origins. Diagnostic efficiency of Mueller-matrix mapping of polarization manifestations of linear dichroism method for intergroup differentiation of samples of deaths from traumatic hemorrhage (Group 2) and ischemic cerebral infarction (Group 3) reaches a satisfactory level of 79 - 84%.
PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF LEMNA MINOR L. IN CHRONIC BLEOMYCIN–INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION
Authors: Karamalakova Yanka , Koleva Iliana , Georgiev Tzvetelin , Akram Muhammad , Nikolova Galina
Published: November 2021

This research investigates the probable effects of induced chronic (28 days) lung inflammations by Bleomycin (BLM) and its oxidative-toxicity protection by the aquatic extract of Lemna minor L. (LME). Balb/c male mice were  in every two days exposed to: (1) a controlled normal diet, (2) an LME treatment (120 mg/kg bwt, i.p.), (3) a BLM treatment (0.34 U/kg bwt, i.p.), and (4) an LME (120 mg/kg bwt, i.p.) administered two hours prior to the BLM. At the 30 experimental days of chronic BLM administration, the mice were sacrificed and fresh lung tissue was collected for biochemical determination and EPR analysis. The BLM treatment significantly increased the biochemical indices two-fold (SOD, CAT, MDA, TC) than controls. Furthermore, lung/alveolar cell experiments were performed to investigate the LME modulative and oxidative-protection effect. The results revealed that LME alone and in combination (LME + BLM) inhibited BLM expression by significantly reducing EPR-ascorbate (p < 0.05), ROS production (p < 0.05), and by enhancing enzymatic antioxidants. As a conclusion, our results indicated that chronic BLM toxicity and lung inflammation could be neutralized by long-term LME treatment. Therefore, LME + BLM prevented the detrimental impacts of BLM and have proved to have a potential therapeutic effect on the oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes and alleviation of lung inflammations.
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO IMPROVE HOME OFFICE ERGONOMICS – RESULTS FROM A STUDY ON THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN LATVIA
Authors: Matisāne Linda , Paegle Linda , Vanadziņš Ivars , Anna Linde Asnate , Rozentāle Sarmīte , Grīntāle Ieva , Mietule Iveta , Lonska Jeļena , Litavniece Lienīte , Arbidāne Iluta
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Telework, also known as remote work, distance work, telecommuting, was gaining popularity already before the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite benefits, telework can also cause workers' mental and physical health, and forced telework during the COVID-19 pandemic has promoted the onset of these problems.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyze the management of ergonomics in teleworking workplaces and the association between pain longer than three days and preventive measures provided by employers in Latvia during the 1st emergency restrictions, which were in force between 12 March and 9 June 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Web-survey was used to gather information from respondents – workers. In total, 1006 workers fully filled in the questionnaire in October 2020. Four hundred eighty-three teleworkers of both genders were identified.

Results: 35.7% of respondents reported pain longer than three days. The odds of pain were increased in case of lack of all analyzed preventive measures. For those who reported not being provided with a computer and other IT equipment OR for pain was 1.50 (CI 0.95-2.37). Even higher OR was observed in case of not receiving advice on how to arrange an ergonomic workstation (OR= 2.37, CI 1.32-4.25) and not having identified working conditions (OR= 2.61, CI 1.43-4.77). The highest risk was observed if the employer had not provided an office table and office chair (OR=5.46, CI 1.78-16.80).

Conclusion: Teleworkers not receiving support from the employer on the arrangement of home offices have an increased risk of having pain for longer than three days. Provision of an office worktable, an office chair, advice on how to arrange an ergonomic workplace and provision of workplace risk assessment are key measures to be taken by the employer to improve home office ergonomics of their workers.
IMPACT OF SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE COMMUNICATIVE DESIGN IN GALICIA
Authors: Borysenko Olha , Mygal Stanislav
Published: November 2021

The development of information and communication technologies has determined their spreading in the design of the visual information environment of human activity. This was the main reason for this research — the search for the starting points of the communicative design in Galicia as the phenomenon of artistic-project culture and examining it. The methodological basis of the paper includes interdisciplinary and system approaches in solving the assigned tasks.

The comparative historical analysis and the culturological method has been used to analyze socio-cultural processes in Galicia. This paper analyzes the historical and socio-cultural preconditions for the formation and development of design in Galicia. This paper observed that public organizations, industrial committees, associations, educational and cultural societies have a salience role in improving the design of industrial products. The graphic design of printing products, advertising style, photo, and film productions models the communication characteristics and identity of the graphic design objects.

The result of the probability of design in Galicia was obvious due to the activity of artists, whose graphic design works created harmonious communicative encirclement of human activity.

The complexity of the language of European aesthetics and the sources of national creativity of the Galician masters constituted the paradigmatic basis of communication design. An integral communicative and multifaceted process in the context of socio-cultural transformation consolidated the phenomenon of formation and development of design in Galicia..
VERBAL REPRESENTATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL AUTHOR'S EMOTIONAL CONCEPT JOY
Authors: A. Chuksina Evgeniya , V. Babina Liudmila
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the role the individual author's emotional concept JOY plays in the plot formation of the literary work. The aim of the paper is to determine how the representation of the joy concept reflects the key conflict in the novels "White Fang" and "The Call of the Wild" by Jack London and in the novels "Of Human Bondage" and "The Moon and Sixpence" by W. Somerset Maugham. In order to reach the aim, we use the following methods: conceptual, contextual, definitional analyses, and cognitive modeling method. The methodology for conducting the study involves 1) the identification of the conflict of the literary works reviewed; 2) the analysis of the primary, secondary and implicit representation of the JOY concept in these works; 3) the determination of what plot element and in what way is expressed in the language and what hidden information is given by the verbal representation of the joy concept. Thus, the research results manifest themselves in the detection of two similar oppositions: the North-South opposition is found in the novels by Jack London and the Genius-Philistine opposition is in the novels by W. Somerset Maugham. We come to the conclusion that the verbal representation of the JOY concept illustrates the similarities and differences between the categories "North", "Genius", "South", "Philistine" which are based on the characters` attitude towards the key elements of the conflict formation, which are freedom, love, religion, success, self-expression, new experience, welfare.
EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE RETURN OF BULGARIAN MIGRANTS IN RESPONSE TO THE GROWING NEED FOR SPECIALIZED STAFF IN SOFIA
Authors: Dragneva Joanna , Popova-Hristova Maria
Published: November 2021

This article examines the issues related to Bulgarian migration after the country acceded to the EU in 2007 and focuses its research on the phenomenon of “brain drain” – the process of mass emigration during which specialists, scientists and skilled workers leave. Today, this phenomenon is quite typical for Bulgaria as part of the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe. The problems associated with the “brain drain” are very relevant as the country suffers significant economic and cultural losses while the host countries acquire large and inexpensive intellectual capital.

During the years of transition, Bulgaria strives to be a full member of the EU and provide opportunities for development and realization of specialists, scientists, and researchers. This requires the adoption of measures and initiatives to establish sustainable development in the capital and in the country and meet the need for highly skilled labor in the industrial sphere.

The article aims to explore the possibilities for the return of Bulgarian migrants in response to the growing need for specialized staff in Sofia. The quantitative study involved more than 500 Bulgarian migrants residing in different host countries, selected randomly and responded voluntarily.

The article defends the thesis that if Bulgaria provides opportunities to develop specialized staff through the undertaking of specific initiatives, this can be an attraction and a motive for the return of Bulgarian migrants.

The study methodology utilizes the quantitative studies model (and, more specifically, the questionnaire method). To obtain more reliable results, their interpretation also includes additional statistical tools. The question whether a correlation exists between the age and the degree of settlement of Bulgarians abroad is of special interest and has been investigated using the Cramér V.

The results show that in recent years the need for specialized staff is constantly growing. In response to this need, the initiatives that are undertaken are aimed at innovations in science and education. The study also takes into account the readiness of Bulgarian migrants to return home.
ACTIVE LEARNING THROUGH TECHNOLOGICALLY-BASED DECISIONS
Authors: Ivanova Tsvetelina
Published: November 2021

The fourth industrial revolution determined Education 4.0, which brings out both the clear presence of technology in the educational process and connects electronic devices in the real and virtual world during learning, and during activities of interest, according to personal preferences and experience. However, the requirements and conditions for the use of technologies to increase learning outcomes are much more important. The objective of the study is the construct "technology-based decision making". The research aims to study the influence of the technology-based decisions for the active learning of the students from the higher educational institutions /HEIs/. A scientific study was conducted with 74 students from HEIs. The results show that technology-based decision-making increases learning activity and provides opportunities for learning to be a constructive and active process. Technology-based decisions of university students are defined as a specific motivator for their active learning.
APPLE TREE MODEL OF EMOTION-INVOLVED PROCESSING
Authors: Kamenická Jana
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to summarize the findings of research done in the field of foreign language pedagogy, neuroscience, and psychology with regard to the emotion-cognition relationship. Several studies of qualitative and quantitative nature, which were conducted on teenage and university students, suggest that cognition is strongly affected by emotional experience. Especially positive emotionally competent stimuli experienced when learning a foreign language can contribute to deeper processing and better long-term retention, and at the same time, it is suggested that they have the power to alleviate foreign language anxiety and enhance foreign language enjoyment and the motivation of learners. With regard to these research findings and several cognitive theories, the Apple Tree Model of Emotion-Involved Processing in Foreign Language Learning is proposed and discussed – as well as several ideas on how to emotionally stimulate foreign language learners, which are applicable not only in foreign language classes but also out of the class. Their addictive nature ensures that learners can and do learn the foreign language every day at any time of the day in an authentic language environment – even without realizing it – doing it as a hobby.
FAMILY LIFE CRISIS – A COMBINATION OF TRADITIONAL AND POSTMODERN VALUES AND FORMS OF LIFE
Authors: Mareková Hermína
Published: November 2021

In the recent times, we are witnessing turbulent changes in society which cannot be avoided, even by families. These changes began to manifest themselves most markedly at the end of World War I and became more pronounced in the second half of the 20th century. A diverse range of cohabitation forms has emerged. Discussions about these forms have multiplied, with new questions arising. There is still a debate among experts about what form of cohabitation is called "family". Is the family still considered the foundation of the state, the basic building block of society? Despite these shifts in cohabitation, we still consider the family the most stable institution in society. The older functions that the family has fulfilled so far are gradually changing as a result of the current societal changes, and divisions exist only in theoretical considerations. When examining crisis in the family, the position of women in the family is also an important aspect, especially when regarding gender equality. Few studies address the issue that "women's thinking" about the family depends on the myriad of external and internal conditions that women encounter in childhood and during their upbringing. We later transfer these "inner truths" into our behavior when we are adults.

We cannot ignore the importance of mass media, such as TV, the Internet, the various world communication networks, which are regarded by contemporary sociology as the third factor of socialization, alongside the family and school. Unfortunately, these may be regarded as rather as a factor of negative socialization.
Lung Nodule Detection of CT and Image-Based GLCM and RLM CT Scan Using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method
Authors: Permatasari Zaimah , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery , Purnama I Ketut Eddy
Published: November 2021

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death globally. Early detection of lung cancer will greatly beneficial to save the patient. This study focused on the detection of lung cancer using classification with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method based on the features of Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) and Run Length Matrix (RLM). The lung data used were obtained from the Cancer imaging archive Database, consisting of 500 CT images. CT images were grouped into 2 clusters, including normal and lung cancer. The research steps include: image processing, region of interest segmentation, and feature extraction. The results indicate that the system can detect the CT-image of SVM classification where the default parameter only provides an accuracy of 85.63%. It is expected that the results will be useful to help medical personnel and researchers to detect the status of lung cancer. These results provide information that detection of lung nodules based on GLCM and RLM features that can be detected is better. Furthermore, selecting parameters C and γ on SVM. Keywords: cancer, nodule, support vector machine (SVM).
Optimising chronic wound care: a human and financial necessity
Authors: Penfold Julie
Published: November 2021

Julie Penfold highlights the importance of evidence-based practice in wound care to reduce the burden on patients and healthcare services.
Aperture design for a dark-field wafer defect inspection system
Authors: Liu Chao , Xu Shuang , Liu Yufei , Xiao Zainan
Published: November 2021

The dark-field defect inspection system occupies 70% of the market in the field of unpatterned wafer inspection. But the detection limit is still restrained by the haze signals. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement could effectively decrease the detection limit by decreasing the influence of the haze signals on the defect signals. The existing method of optimizing the inspection conditions, including beam path and collection channel, can enhance the SNR, but the effect is restrained by the system structure. The empirically designed aperture has been attempted to be used by blocking the scattering signals in a certain azimuth angle range. However, the performance is restrained, as a signal with a large SNR exists in the blocked scattering signals. In this paper, we propose a novel (we believe) aperture design method in the light of scattering field analysis to reduce the influence of the haze signals caused by the wafer surface roughness on the particle signals. On the basis of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function, apertures are designed according to the ratio field of the particle signal to haze and verified by the scattering model developed based on the tools of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Additionally, incident conditions are optimized according to their influence on the SNR. It is noteworthy that the aperture designed under specific conditions cannot be used for all particles. Three aperture combination schemes are proposed in this paper, which can ensure the scattering characteristics such as intensity and sensitivity to meet the system requirements while improving the contrast. Simulation results verify that the detection limit decreases from 48 to 22 nm by introducing a well-designed aperture, with the case of

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-polarized incident light when the threshold is 3 and the incident angle is 72°. Multiaperture schemes have better performance over others, especially the one-to-one scheme.
Fiber-optic airflow velocity sensing method based on a 45° tilt fiber grating combined with a single-walled carbon nanotube coated fiber
Authors: Li Hongwei , Zhang Jinling , Yan Zhijun , Lyu Guohui
Published: November 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an airflow velocity sensing method based on a 45° tilt fiber grating (TFG) that is combined with a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) coated fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The principle behind which is to produce a dynamic thermal equilibrium between the light heating and the airflow cooling. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a 45°-TFG is used as the heating element for the hot-wire anemometer. By diagnosing the Bragg wavelength of the SWCNT coated FBG, the temperature variations of the sensing fiber are measured with respect to the airflow velocities, which vary from 0 to 1 m/s. Moreover, under low light power consumption of 20 mW, the proposed sensor is shown to have good performance. Experimental results reveal that the sensitivity of the sensor increases with the heating pump. Due to the advantages of its simplicity and reliability, alongside its high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, this technique has excellent potential for future use in remote monitoring with airflow velocity sensing.
Hybrid WDM-MDM transmitter with an integrated Si modulator array and a micro-resonator comb source
Authors: Li Can , Zhang Hongyi , Zhou Gangqiang , Lu Liangjun , Jin Minhui , Dong Jianji , Zhou Linjie , Chen Jianping
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate a multi-channel silicon photonic transmitter based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and mode division multiplexing (MDM). The light source is realized by a silicon nitride (Si3N4) Kerr frequency comb and optical modulation is realized by silicon electro-optic modulators. Three wavelengths and two modes are employed to increase the optical transmission capacity. The accumulated data rate reaches 150 Gb/s. The dense integration of WDM and MDM components with a compact optical comb source opens new avenues for the future high-capacity multi-dimensional optical transmission.
Single photon multiclock lock-in detection by picosecond timestamping
Authors: Jakob Lukas A. , Deacon William M. , Hicks Oliver , Manyakin Ilya , Ojambati Oluwafemi S. , Traxler Michael , Baumberg Jeremy J.
Published: November 2021

Extracting signals at low single-photon count rates from large backgrounds is a challenge in many optical experiments and technologies. Here, we demonstrate a single-photon lock-in detection scheme based on continuous photon timestamping to improve the SNR by more than two orders of magnitude. Through time-resolving the signal modulation induced by periodic perturbations, 98% of dark counts are filtered out and the

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contributions from several different nonlinear processes identified. As a proof-of-concept, coherent anti-Stokes Raman measurements are used to determine the vibrational lifetime of few molecules in a plasmonic nanocavity. This detection scheme can be applied to all single-photon counting experiments with any number of simultaneous modulation frequencies, greatly increasing SNR and resolving physical processes with picosecond time resolution while keeping the photon dosage small. The open instrumentation package provided here enables low-cost implementation.
Noise-resistant quantum communications using hyperentanglement
Authors: Kim Jin-Hun , Kim Yosep , Im Dong-Gil , Lee Chung-Hyun , Chae Jin-Woo , Scarcelli Giuliano , Kim Yoon-Ho
Published: November 2021

Quantum information protocols are being deployed in increasingly practical scenarios, via optical fibers or free space, alongside classical communications channels. However, entanglement, the most critical resource to deploy to the communicating parties, is also the most fragile to the noise-induced degradations. Here we show that polarization-frequency hyperentanglement of photons can be effectively employed to enable noise-resistant distribution of polarization entanglement through noisy quantum channels. In particular, we demonstrate that our hyperentanglement-based scheme results in an orders-of-magnitude increase in the SNR for distribution of polarization-entangled qubit pairs, enabling quantum communications even in the presence of strong noise that would otherwise preclude quantum operations due to noise-induced entanglement sudden death. While recent years have witnessed tremendous interest and progress in long-distance quantum communications, previous attempts to deal with the noise have mostly been focused on passive noise suppression in quantum channels. Here, via the use of hyperentangled degrees of freedom, we pave the way toward a universally adoptable strategy to enable entanglement-based quantum communications via strongly noisy quantum channels.
Proteomic Distributions in CD34+ Microvascular Niche Patterns of Glioblastoma
Authors: Chen Jintao , Mao Sifeng , He Ziyi , Yang Lijuan , Zhang Jinfeng , Lin Jin-Ming , Lin Zhi-Xiong
Published: November 2021

The poor clinical prognosis and microvascular patterns of glioblastoma (GBM) are of serious concern to many clinicians and researchers. However, very few studies have examined the correlation between microvascular niche patterns (MVNPs) and proteomic distribution. In this study, CD34 immunofluorescence staining and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-IMS) technology were used to investigate the protein distributions in MVNPs. CD34+ microvascular phenotype could be divided into four types: microvascular sprouting (MS), vascular cluster (VC), vascular garland (VG), and glomeruloid vascular proliferation (GVP). Based on such characteristics, MVNPs were divided into two types by cluster analysis, namely, type I, comprising primarily MS and VC, and type II, comprising many VGs and GVPs. Survival analysis indicated the type of MVNPs to be an independent prognostic factor for progression-free and overall survival in GBM. MALDI-IMS results showed the peaks at m/z 1037 and 8960 to exhibit stronger ion signals in type II, while those at m/z 3240 and 3265 exhibited stronger ion signals in type I. The findings may assist future research on therapy and help predict prognosis in GBM. However, due to the limited number of studies, more well-designed studies are warranted to further verify our results.
Transcriptional differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei during in vitro acquisition of resistance to acoziborole
Authors: Steketee Pieter C. , Giordani Federica , Vincent Isabel M. , Crouch Kathryn , Achcar Fiona , Dickens Nicholas J. , Morrison Liam J. , MacLeod Annette , Barrett Michael P.
Published: November 2021

Subspecies of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei are the causative agents of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), a debilitating neglected tropical disease prevalent across sub-Saharan Africa. HAT case numbers have steadily decreased since the start of the century, and sustainable elimination of one form of the disease is in sight. However, key to this is the development of novel drugs to combat the disease. Acoziborole is a recently developed benzoxaborole, currently in advanced clinical trials, for treatment of stage 1 and stage 2 HAT. Importantly, acoziborole is orally bioavailable, and curative with one dose. Recent studies have made significant progress in determining the molecular mode of action of acoziborole. However, less is known about the potential mechanisms leading to acoziborole resistance in trypanosomes. In this study, an in vitro-derived acoziborole-resistant cell line was generated and characterised. The AcoR line exhibited significant cross-resistance with the methyltransferase inhibitor sinefungin as well as hypersensitisation to known trypanocides. Interestingly, transcriptomics analysis of AcoR cells indicated the parasites had obtained a procyclic- or stumpy-like transcriptome profile, with upregulation of procyclin surface proteins as well as differential regulation of key metabolic genes known to be expressed in a life cycle-specific manner, even in the absence of major morphological changes. However, no changes were observed in transcripts encoding CPSF3, the recently identified protein target of acoziborole. The results suggest that generation of resistance to this novel compound in vitro can be accompanied by transcriptomic switches resembling a procyclic- or stumpy-type phenotype.
Network percolation reveals adaptive bridges of the mobility network response to COVID-19
Authors: Deng Hengfang , Du Jing , Gao Jianxi , Wang Qi
Published: November 2021

Human mobility is crucial to understand the transmission pattern of COVID-19 on spatially embedded geographic networks. This pattern seems unpredictable, and the propagation appears unstoppable, resulting in over 350,000 death tolls in the U.S. by the end of 2020. Here, we create the spatiotemporal inter-county mobility network using 10 TB (Terabytes) trajectory data of 30 million smart devices in the U.S. in the first six months of 2020. We investigate the bond percolation process by removing the weakly connected edges. As we increase the threshold, the mobility network nodes become less interconnected and thus experience surprisingly abrupt phase transitions. Despite the complex behaviors of the mobility network, we devised a novel approach to identify a small, manageable set of recurrent critical bridges, connecting the giant component and the second-largest component. These adaptive links, located across the United States, played a key role as valves connecting components in divisions and regions during the pandemic. Beyond, our numerical results unveil that network characteristics determine the critical thresholds and the bridge locations. The findings provide new insights into managing and controlling the connectivity of mobility networks during unprecedented disruptions. The work can also potentially offer practical future infectious diseases both globally and locally.
Using moral foundations in government communication to reduce vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Heine Florian , Wolters Ennie
Published: November 2021

Having a vaccine available does not necessarily imply that it will be used. Indeed, uptake rates for existing vaccines against infectious diseases have been fluctuating in recent years. Literature suggests that vaccine hesitancy may be grounded in deeply rooted intuitions or values, which can be modelled using Moral Foundations Theory (MFT). We examine the respective prominence of the MFT dimensions in government communication regarding childhood vaccinations and explore its effect on parents’ vaccine hesitancy. We measure the MFT dimension loading of the vaccination information brochures from the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) between 2011-2019 and connect this information with the electronic national immunisation register to investigate if the use of moral foundations in government communication has a measurable effect on vaccination uptake. We find the largest positive effect for the dimensions Authority/Subversion and Liberty/Oppression and suggestive evidence in favour of a small positive effect for Purity/Degradation. Conversely, Loyalty/Betrayal actually has a negative effect on vaccination rates. For the dimension Harm/Care, we find no significant effect. While Purity/Degradation and Harm/Care appear to be the two most frequently used moral foundations by RIVM, these dimensions have in fact no or only a minor effect on parents’ vaccine hesitancy. Reducing the use of these moral foundations may be the first step towards optimising government communication in this context. Instead, formulations activating the moral foundations Authority/Subversion and Liberty/Oppression appear to have positive effects on vaccination uptake.
Effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with vaginal laxity: A study protocol
Authors: Pereira Gláucia Miranda Varella , Juliato Cássia Raquel Teatin , de Almeida Cristiane Martins , de Andrade Kleber Cursino , Fante Júlia Ferreira , Martinho Natália , Jales Rodrigo Menezes , Pinto e Silva Marcela Ponzio , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira
Published: November 2021

Background

Vaginal laxity is an underreported condition that negatively affects women’s sexual function and their relationships. Evidence-based studies are needed to better understand this complaint and to discuss its treatment options. Thus, we present a study protocol to compare the effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with complaints of vaginal laxity.

Methods/Design

This is a prospective, parallel-group, two-arm, randomized clinical trial (Registry: RBR-2zdvfp–REBEC). Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups of intervention (Radiofrequency or Pelvic Floor Muscle Training). The study will be performed in the Urogynecology outpatient clinic and in the physiotherapy outpatient clinic at the State University of Campinas–UNICAMP and will include women aged ≥ 18 years and with self-reported complaints of vaginal laxity. Participants will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention period) and will be followed up in two periods: first follow-up (30 days after intervention) and second follow-up (six months after intervention).

Expected results

The results of this randomized clinical trial will have a positive impact on the participants’ quality of life, as well as add value to the development of treatment options for women with complaints of vaginal laxity.

Trial registration

Registry: RBR-2zdvfp–Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos–REBEC (19/02/2020).
A clinical specific BERT developed using a huge Japanese clinical text corpus
Authors: Kawazoe Yoshimasa , Shibata Daisaku , Shinohara Emiko , Aramaki Eiji , Ohe Kazuhiko
Published: November 2021

Generalized language models that are pre-trained with a large corpus have achieved great performance on natural language tasks. While many pre-trained transformers for English are published, few models are available for Japanese text, especially in clinical medicine. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a clinical specific BERT model with a huge amount of Japanese clinical text and evaluate it on the NTCIR-13 MedWeb that has fake Twitter messages regarding medical concerns with eight labels. Approximately 120 million clinical texts stored at the University of Tokyo Hospital were used as our dataset. The BERT-base was pre-trained using the entire dataset and a vocabulary including 25,000 tokens. The pre-training was almost saturated at about 4 epochs, and the accuracies of Masked-LM and Next Sentence Prediction were 0.773 and 0.975, respectively. The developed BERT did not show significantly higher performance on the MedWeb task than the other BERT models that were pre-trained with Japanese Wikipedia text. The advantage of pre-training on clinical text may become apparent in more complex tasks on actual clinical text, and such an evaluation set needs to be developed.
The Mother of Invention
Authors: Cline Thomas
Published: November 2021

This chapter speculates on the historical and philosophical origins of design practices as a means of situating design education within contemporary educational discourse. It builds from Plato’s assertion that 'Necessity is the mother of invention', a proverb that can be thought of as foundational to the creation of those design artifacts that assist in mediating our human relationships with and in the physical world. In returning to practices in design education that emphasize the concepts of invention and innovation as fundamental necessities, educators and students may come to understand design as a realm of knowledge existing outside the binaries of both the contingent and the universal.
Informed Forms and Matters
Authors: Kalantar Negar , Borhani Alireza
Published: November 2021

After sufficient consideration for the proper balance between material and formal constraints, this chapter describes a pedagogical approach that transforms the education of future architects through a 'form-finding' method, allowing the material to accommodate itself to form and celebrate its own nature. To enhance pedagogical improvement of foundational studies in architecture and further explore this pedagogy based on form-finding in early design education, this chapter also presents the challenges to integrating materiality within the design process, as derived from the incorporation of experimental form-finding methods into early-stage design.
Estudos ibéricos em Portugal: um longo, desafiante e compensador caminho
Authors: C. Fernandes Maria de Lurdes
Published: November 2021

Quando, nos inícios dos anos 80 e por desafio do meu orientador, o Prof. José Adriano de Carvalho, iniciei a minha investigação na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, primeiro para me submeter às “provas de aptidão pedagógica e capacidade científica” que teria de realizar na qualidade de “assistente estagiária”, depois para a preparação do doutoramento sobre “o tema do casamento na literatura e cultura portuguesas da Época Moderna”, estava longe de imaginar a vastidão e o potencial deste desafio. Sobretudo, não intuía então, nos meus vinte e poucos anos, que essa investigação me conduziria, muito rapidamente, para uma irreversível perspetiva de reconhecimento e valorização da força dialogante e complementar das culturas e literaturas ibéricas, particularmente naquele período histórico-literário.
Textos fundamentales sobre Portugal. Miguel De Unamuno Ángel Marcos de Dios (Ed.) & Saudades de Portugal. Ramón Gómez de la Serna Antonio Sáez Delgado e Pablo Javier Pérez López (Ed.)
Authors: Lourenço António Apolinário
Published: November 2021

Miguel de Unamuno e Ramón Gómez de la Serna são duas figuras centrais da cena literária espanhola novecentista, que têm em comum um invulgar interesse por Portugal numa época em que o nosso país e a sua cultura passavam bastante ao lado do interesse das elites espanholas, a não ser como eventual lugar de refúgio no caso de alguma aventura política ou militar malsucedida.
O triângulo mágico. Uma biografia de Mário Cesariny. António Cândido Franco. Lisboa: Quetzal Editores, 2019 508 páginas. ISBN 9789897225598
Authors: Marques Ana
Published: November 2021

António Cândido Franco tem dedicado ao surrealismo uma parte substancial do seu trabalho de investigação e divulgação, sobretudo através d’A Ideia – Revista de Cultura Libertária, publicação que reúne um verdadeiro arquivo do surrealismo português e na qual Mário Cesariny chegou a colaborar.
Deep Learning for Anthracnose Diagnosis in Turnip Leaves
Authors: Suresh Tarun
Published: November 2021

Fungal diseases in plants are extremely pressing issues in the agricultural industry, threatening global food security by reducing crop yields and quality. Traditional approaches to disease diagnosis and management have failed to recognize symptoms when they first appear. Leaves of the turnip, a plant of high agricultural value, has been especially affected by the fungal disease Anthracnose. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a novel convolutional neural network that can identify turnip leaves with early symptoms of Anathrosce blight. The model had 4 convolutional blocks and was trained on a custom dataset of 1,470 images, randomly split into 60% train, 20% validation, and 20% test. To compare how the CNN model fared with other machine learning algorithms, a support vector machine(SVM) model was developed and trained with the same image dataset. The CNN model’s accuracy 98.75% compared to the SVM model’s 80.50% accuracy. These results validate the efficacy of the CNN model to accurately identify infected turnip leaves and demonstrate that it can be implemented into a practical disease diagnosis system. Future studies are warranted to improve the model through means such as k-fold cross validation as well as apply the model architecture to other crops and diseases.
BUILD THE SOUL ENTREPRENEUR FROM AN EARLY AGE AS A MEANS OF CREATING A GENERATION KHOIRU UMMAH WITH THE EXISTENCE OF A SUPERIOR HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: Rangga Anas
Published: November 2021

In the face of the current era and the next era, challenges that currently applies is the readiness of human resources in relation to how the progress of this land to the future. Khairu ummah in the language means the best people, in the current context of the generation that capable to manage themselves and able to resolve the matter of life to support life akherat. Conceptually, "superior human resources” is one inside compartment. This paper is a review of the  literature based research. Therein will be examined how to build a generation of khairu ummah namely superior human resources, with the planting of the soul entrepreneur from an early age. The purpose of this study is to know the efforts that need to be done in the building of the soul entrepreneur on the early childhood. So if the effort done, it is expected that the children will grow and develop into the quality of human resources as well as the generation of khairu ummah, which is part of the khalifatullah to manage the wealth of natural resources in the earth and promote this nation.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF MIN 1 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nasrin Nabila
Published: November 2021

This study examines strategies for improving the quality of schools in MIN 1 Jogja. The focus of discussion in this research is what is meant by the quality of education, what is the quality standard of education in Indonesia, and how is the quality improvement strategy in MIN 1 Yogyakarta. This research uses a qualitative research approach, with research methods in the field study. The results of this study indicate that the strategy of improving quality in MIN 1 Yogyakarta as a whole is trying as much as possible to carry out all the process activities in MIN 1 Yogyakarta in accordance with UU No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System in Chapter IX, namely 8 quality standards of education and additional programs in the form of five achievements, wherein the quality improvement will be carried out gradually but continuously
Quasiconformal Jordan Domains
Authors: Ikonen Toni
Published: November 2021

We extend the classical Carathéodory extension theorem to quasiconformal Jordan domains (Y,dY). We say that a metric space (Y,dY) is aquasiconformal Jordan domainif the completion ̄Yof (Y,dY) has finite Hausdorff 2-measure, theboundary∂Y= ̄Y\Yis homeomorphic to 𝕊1, and there exists a homeomorphismϕ: 𝔻 →(Y,dY) that is quasiconformal in the geometric sense.

We show thatϕhas a continuous, monotone, and surjective extension Φ: 𝔻 ̄ →Ȳ. This result is best possible in this generality. In addition, we find a necessary and sufficient condition forΦto be a quasiconformal homeomorphism. We provide sufficient conditions for the restriction ofΦto 𝕊1being a quasisymmetry and to∂Ybeing bi-Lipschitz equivalent to a quasicircle in the plane.