bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conceptual framework for land use and metro infrastructure
Authors: Darroch Nathan , Beecroft Mark , Nelson John D.
Published: November 2016

The continued urbanisation of the world’s population generates pressures for the greater use of urban space. Where underground metro infrastructure is present within the urban environment, interfaces with private property at the surface and subsurface levels can raise issues from both engineering and legal perspectives. This paper introduces a conceptual framework for describing three principal interfaces identified as presence, property and protection. These three interfaces are interconnected and interdependent, each having three subinterfaces. The conceptual framework provides a way to determine these interfaces. The paper presents a proof-of-concept case study based on the Glasgow subway. It concludes that while the three overriding principal interfaces within the conceptual framework are applicable to any one metro system, not all subinterfaces may be.
Condições e modificações no processo de trabalho: concepções de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde
Authors: Bender Karin Gabriele , Dos Santos Amanda Corrêa , Dutra Bruno Dittberner , Alves Luciane Maria Schmidt , Assunção Ari Nunes , Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz
Published: November 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar as condições de trabalho do Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) e as modificações necessárias para o aprimoramento das mesmas. Estudo transversal, descritivo do tipo quantitativo-qualitativo, com 251 ACS de 34 equipes de Estratégias de Saúde da Família e de 5 Estratégias de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde dos 13 municípios da 13ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde/RS. Os dados foram coletados com o formulário "Inventário de Trabalho e Risco de Adoecimento" e analisados obtendo-se o escore fatorial dos fatores com o cálculo da média dos itens. Para o estudo qualitativo, cujos dados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, 16 sujeitos participaram de entrevistas, em uma amostragem intencional por município e tipo de estratégia de saúde. Evidenciou-se uma avaliação moderada/crítica no fator condições de trabalho. Os ACS desejam a modificação do ambiente físico do local de trabalho, apontaram a falta de material de apoio e educativo para realização das atividades, de auxílio financeiro e de transporte para as visitas domiciliares. Infere-se que os fatores citados podem ser considerados como dificultadores para a execução do trabalho dos ACS na região estudada.
Unidade piloto em regime de batelada com sistema de reatores anaeróbios + microalgas + wetlands construídos em fluxo vertical
Authors: Wink Matheus , Ribeiro Wilian , Pommerehn Sabine , Radtke Julia Fernanda , Silveira Elizandro , Machado Ênio Leandro
Published: November 2016

Três configurações para operar em batelada sistemas integrados que evoluíram para Reatores Anaeróbios + Microalgas + Wetlands Construídos de Fluxo Vertical (RA + MA + WCFV) foram investigadas neste trabalho, tendo as configurações as seguintes características: combinação de tanque de MA com 90L de volume útil, dotado de recirculação interna em cone de acrílico e externa com tanque de 20L, também em acrílico, sendo integrado com WCFV com tempo de detenção hidráulico (TDH) de 3 dias com a macrófita Hymenachne grumosa. A configuração do sistema RAs +MA + WCFV vem em operação nos últimos 8 meses, mostrando reduções totais de N-NH4+ (com concentração inicial de 68 mg L-1) , associando 50% de redução de DQO e 70% de fósforo total. Melhorias para o controle de remoção de algas residuais devem ser feitas para aplicação do WCFV, especialmente quanto a carga volumétrica, que deverá ser com até 20 cm dia-1. Para continuidade da evolução foram considerados que devem ser pesquisados os seguintes aspectos: impossibilidade de operação do sistema em fluxo contínuo; drenagem do sistema de lodo não permite sua remoção completa nos Reatores Anaeróbios (RAs) e impossibilidade de recarga simultânea dos sistemas.
Análise Econômica de um Sistema de Gestão Compartilhada de Resíduos Sólidos Oriundos de uma Indústria de Alimentos
Authors: Lima Laine Rodrigues , Cruz Jéssica Vilela da , Hazoff Junior Waldemar , Soto Francisco Rafael Martins
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho tem como objetivo a análise econômica de um sistema de gestão compartilhada de resíduo de massa seca (RMS) produzido em uma indústria de alimentos e a sua reciclagem em uma granja de suínos do Estado de São Paulo. Secundariamente foi avaliado o impacto sanitário e ambiental da gestão do RMS. A investigação foi efetuada mediante a coleta de dados produzidos na indústria de alimentos e na granja de suínos no ano de 2013. Foi analisada a relação do investimento e retorno no processo de reciclagem, a segurança ambiental e sanitária do RMS desde a sua produção até sua inclusão como ingrediente para ração animal. Os resultados mostraram que a gestão compartilhada no aspecto econômico foi capaz de reduzir em média 13,42% os custos das rações dos suínos e o tempo médio de retorno de investimento foi de nove meses. No aspecto ambiental, houve uma efetividade de 95,52% de reciclagem e reaproveitamento do RMS. Na análise do impacto sanitário, a gestão compartilhada permitiu a promoção da segurança sanitária em todas as etapas de reciclagem do RMS.
Estudio De La Brecha Empresario-Investigador. La Percepción Del Investigador
Authors: Méndez-Peón Carlos Ángel , Herrera-Avilés Margarita , Toriz-Palacios Alfredo , González-Pérez Manuel
Published: November 2016

Technological innovation drives competitiveness and productivity of nations. The university-enterprise relationship (RUE) is determinant for the generation of an efficient innovation. The entrepreneur-researcher binomial (E-R) is the core process research and development (R & D) and technology transfer and knowledge (TTK). Despite efforts to improve RUE, little has been done to strengthen the relationship between E-R. This study confirms the existence of a gap between entrepreneur and researcher (ERG), it allows us to understand the importance of empathy in collaboration and identify factors affecting the relationship. The data were obtained by the exploratory and transversal approach, through interviews and questionnaires Likert. The sample consisted of expert researchers who have participated in joint innovation projects with entrepreneurs. The results indicate that 75% of researchers surveyed perceive the existence of an ERG under collaborative R & D and TTK. 78% of scientists see empathy as a significant variable for joint projects. The study revealed that only 16% of the factors affecting RUE influence the relationship of the binomial E-I significantly.
Diseño De Instrumento Para Evaluar Clima Organizacional De Universidades Públicas En México
Authors: Vela Hortensia Hernández , Garrido Norma Patricia , Rico Pérez Ma. Concepción
Published: November 2016

The measuring of organizational climate aims to obtain feedback that can inform an organization on ways in which to make improvements; not only in the work environment, but also in the quality of it; hence, it is important to possess instruments that provide reliable information of what is intended to be measured. Describing the building process of an organizational climate instrument is the objective of the present article, in which, after having established the relevance of the topic in the introduction; the stages developed for the elaboration and validation of the measuring instrument of the organizational climate perceived by professors of Higher Education Institution are presented. The result of this process is an instrument with four factors and nineteen dimensions.
Prescolarisation Et Developpement Des Apprentissages Fondamentaux A L’ecole Primaire Ivoirienne. Une Analyse Comparee D’enfants De Milieux Differents
Authors: Thierry Seka Yapi Arsène
Published: November 2016

Pre schooling is an institutionalized period of pre learning where child coordinates his sense, to adjust his actions to reach to read and write in teaching language; French. But although an unequal repartition of schools garden, and mostly not having attended these schools, some children reach to read and write as well as possible in French language. This research gave the occasion to compare oral and written productions of children according their status (pre scolarised and not pre scolarised). The aim is to evaluate the two children group’s performance on oral and written knowing that one group live in town so has attended garden school and the other group live in campaign where there is no garden. The hypothesis according which, there is a bound between attending garden and developing of children’s performance shows that there is a deep difference between the two groups of children. The one who attended garden school are talented in reading whereas they who are in campaigns succeed more in writing.
The Effect of Indirect Written Corrective Feedback to Arabic Language Intermediate Students’ in Kuwait
Authors: Alhumidi Hamed A. , Uba Sani Yantandu
Published: November 2016

This study investigates the effect of indirect written corrective feedback to Arabic intermediate students in Kuwait. There are 20 participants altogether in this study, ten male and ten female. They each wrote two assignments on the same topic. No feedback was received on the first assignment, and the second was conducted after indirect feedback was offered to them on the first task. The results show that indirect feedback is effective in improving their writing and language skills. The results also indicated a higher number of spelling errors than any other errors. The findings of this study suggest some teaching implications which include raising students’ awareness of the need to avoid many writing errors. Teachers should not correct all students’ errors, but should only correct those errors which are deemed necessary to correct. Teachers should also focus their attention on teaching and learning tasks, which concentrate on indirect written feedback rather than direct feedback. Again, as the leaners seem to have more problems with spelling errors rather than any other errors, teachers should devise strategies which concentrate on improving such errors, and writing correct words. This study advocates a large scale of studies which cover the wider context of Kuwaiti intermediate students.
The Pedagogical Concept of Student-Centred Learning in the Context of European Higher Education Reforms
Authors: Hoidn Sabine
Published: November 2016

The increasing gap between the demand and supply of graduates with high-level qualifications, i.e. tertiary attainment levels, has been a central driver for curricular higher education reforms in Europe. In the last decade, the Bologna Process has established curricular reforms; however, progress toward the implementation of the pedagogical concept of student-centred learning in European higher education has been rather slow. This paper reviews the current educational policy context within which European higher education institutions operate. Societal developments and trends as well as curricular reform efforts to facilitate a paradigm and culture shift from teacher-centred learning to student-centred learning are discussed. The paper further outlines major obstacles from the perspectives of faculty and students that continue to hinder the successful and widespread implementation of a student-centred learning approach in higher education practice.
Development of a Framework for More Effective Implementation of Total Quality Management Principles in Apparel Manufacturing
Authors: Setu S.M. Rashadur Rahaman , Hossain Md. Helal , Hossain Md. Tanjim , Sarkar Jahid
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this paper is to develop a model or framework of total quality management (TQM) implementation in Textile and RMG industry. Textile and RMG Industry is an important sector for Bangladesh in terms of industrial expansion of the country, earning foreign currency and creating job opportunities. However, it faces subtle problems due to labor unrest, political instability and owner’s ignorance. TQM is an approach that focuses on customer satisfaction. Therefore, implementation of TQM is a challenging task. Through a self-administrative survey from 50 Industries of textile and RMG industry in Bangladesh data have been collected. This paper identifies ten key factors of TQM implementation in the Textile and RMG Industry in Bangladesh. These are Leadership, Communication, Strategic Quality Planning, Training, Customer Satisfaction, Continuous Improvement, Employee Involvement & Satisfaction, Culture, Supplier Satisfaction and Teamwork.
Impact of Business Intelligence on Technical Creativity: A Case Study on AlHekma Pharmaceutical Company
Authors: Irtaimeh Hani J. , Obeidat Abdallah Mishael , Abualloush Shadi. H , Khaddam Amineh. A
Published: November 2016

Business Intelligence, through its dimensions (data warehousing, data mining, direct analytical processing), helps the members of an organization to perceive and interpret their role in the organization’s creativity. For this reason, we may assume that Business Intelligence has an impact on Technical Creativity, and that matching of Business Intelligence and Technical Creativity will improve and achieve excellence in an organization. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of business intelligence dimensions (data warehousing, data mining, direct analytical processing) on Technical Creativity in AlHekma Pharmaceutical Company as a case study. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed to collect data from the study population which consists of 50 employees. This is aimed at testing the hypotheses and achieving the objectives of the study. The most important results that the study achieved were that there was a statistically significant impact of business intelligence with its dimensions (data warehousing, data mining, and direct analytical processing) in technical creativity. The most important recommendations of the study were the necessity of organizations dependence on modern technology in order to develop their works. Thus, this is because this technology is recognized by its high accuracy on a completion of the work, as well as deepening the concept of technical creativity which gives them a competitive advantage in the marke
A urbanização de Campinas/SP e a produção de informação nas maiores ocupações da cidade
Authors: Rizzatti Helena
Published: November 2016

Este artigo apresenta a urbanização corporativa de Campinas/SP no período contemporâneo através da análise da produção de informação, variável-chave na atualidade, do saber local e da densidade comunicacional. Para tal, analisamos a produção de informações descendentes, através das notícias do jornal local Correio Popular, sobre a maior ocupação urbana da cidade: a região do Jardim Campo Belo. Debatemos ainda a produção de informações ascendentes, produzidas no lugar e sobre o lugar, que ocorrem naquela ocupação e na região do Parque Oziel. Tratam-se das duas maiores ocupações de terras urbanas instaladas na cidade. Buscamos, assim, auxiliar na compreensão das periferias pobres urbanas brasileiras em meio ao processo de globalização
O estigma da ameaça ao emprego pelos periféricos na periferia: crise e imigração no Brasil
Authors: Villen Patricia
Published: November 2016

Discute-se as razões pelas quais, mesmo com o percentual baixíssimo de população estrangeira atualmente no Brasil, num contexto de crise – com bruscos aumentos das taxas de desemprego – a figura do imigrante e do refugiado continua, como no passado, a representar um estigma da ameaça ao emprego. A especial ênfase dada à dimensão do trabalho elucida questões de fundo para se compreender as atuais manifestações de violência, racismo, xenofobia contra esses grupos. Procurou-se trazer em discussão as características históricas da base social da imigração de proveniência de países periféricos para o Brasil, sua ligação com a manifestação mais ampla desses fluxos em escala internacional, mostrando em que medida o país entra, hoje, como destino desses movimentos migratórios e as problemáticas derivadas.
Atividade comercial na Zona Norte de Natal: análise das ruas de comércio tradicional
Authors: Gomes Rita de Cássia da Conceição , Costa Soneide Moura da , Costa Joabio Alekson Cortez
Published: November 2016

O artigo objetiva analisar as ruas de comércio nas ruas Pompéia, Chegança e Boa Sorte, localizadas na Zona Norte de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte (RN), enquanto constituintes de um novo momento na dinâmica urbana da cidade do Natal, e seu desdobramento na Zona Norte. Os procedimentos metodológicos compreenderam levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa de campo no objeto em questão. As ruas de comércio em tela representam um padrão de atividade comercial de segmento popular classificado como comércio tradicional. A atividade comercial nesses espaços dinamiza a economia urbana da Zona Norte, e permite a reprodução do capital, ao mesmo tempo em que incorpora elementos do cotidiano local
Effect of Self Employment on Poverty Reduction in Nalgonda and Warangal District of Telangana
Authors: Jayasree K.
Published: November 2016

Economic growth is essential for poverty reduction. The paper evaluates the percentage decline of poor impact on Nalgonda and Warangal districts. The paper evaluates the National Rural Livelihood Mission in Nalgonda and Warangal Districts of Telangana. These two districts are selected as the Simple Random Sampling method was used to select 100 women beneficiaries (swarojgaris/ self-employment seekers) from each district. The swarojgaris who are also Members of grassroot SHGs, were interviewed to collect information on employment and income in particular. The success of Self Help Groups in Nalgonda and Warangal districts is active involvement in the NRLM programme. Andhra Pradesh in 2009-10 was Rs. 693.00 per month. Using the poverty line of AP, poverty ratios were calculated for the three study districts. The percentage of Beneficiaries households, who had crossed the poverty line after enrolment into NRLM, was estimated by using per capita per month poverty line of Rs.433.43 (before joining NRLM) for 2004-05 in the State. In Nalgonda district Before Joining NRLM, 98 percent of Beneficiaries were poor in Nalgonda district. After joining NRLM the 63 percent Beneficiaries became non-poor which means that still 37 percent of sample households continued to be in utter poverty in Nalgonda district. The details are shown in Table XI. Before Joining NRLM, 100 percent of Beneficiaries were poor in Warangal district. After joining NRLM the 57 percent Beneficiaries became non-poor which means that still 43 percent of sample households continued to be in utter poverty in Warangal district. Both district poverty has declined it is a positive sign.
Influence of the Human Body Mass in the Open-air MRI on Acoustic Noise Spectrum
Authors: Pribil Jiri , Pribilová Anna , Frollo Ivan
Published: November 2016

The paper analyses changes in spectral properties of the acoustic noise when the examined person lies in the scanning area of the open-air magnetic resonance imager (MRI) and consequently the holder of the lower gradient coils is loaded with the mechanical mass represented by the person’s weight. The acoustic noise pressure level is mapped in the MRI neighborhood, too. Obtained results of spectral analysis will be used for design of a correction filter to suppress the noise in the simultaneously recorded speech signal for 3D modelling of the human vocal tract.
The probability in throwing dices and in measurement
Authors: Pavese Franco
Published: November 2016

The paper summarises the main differences between the process of throwing dices and the measurement process, and draws some of the consequences on the meaning and use of the probability concept in the two case.
Traumatic Inferior Dislocation (Luxatio Erecta) of the Hip: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Vijayababu Arunmozhimaran
Published: November 2016

Case:

Inferior dislocation of the hip is rare, and very few cases have been reported in the English-language literature. This case report describes a patient who presented with an acutely flexed hip, with the thigh almost parallel to the long axis of the trunk, the knee flexed with slight abduction of the hip, and the patella facing upward and slightly laterally. The dislocation was treated successfully with closed reduction. Follow-up after 6, 12, and 18 months revealed no postreduction complications.

Conclusion:

Inferior dislocation of the hip is rare and can be treated successfully with closed reduction. Orthopaedic surgeons must be able to diagnose this type of dislocation and provide optimal management.
Drilling Wells Ever Faster May Not Be the Measure of Success
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: November 2016

The standard for progress in shale development has been the drastic reduction in the number of days needed to drill a well, from more than 20 to less than 5 in some unconventional plays. But some question whether it has become a misleading metric for an industry needing more productive wells.

“The human tendency is to optimize within a given constraint. Right now, it is reaching the total depth in the shortest time,” said Robello Samuel, technology fellow, drilling, at Halliburton. “If all you care about is that quantification, you do not worry about tool damage or wellbore quality, or what it is like to complete it.” Maximizing drilling performance and efficiency is not the same as optimizing it, he said.

“Everyone needs to remember why they are drilling the hole. As much oil and gas needs to come out as possible,” said Bart Critser, geosteering manager for Terra Guidance. “Otherwise it’s just a multimillion dollar, fancy hole in the ground.”

The payoff for drilling faster has largely been realized. While further time savings are possible, the discounts now offered by service companies hungry for work have slashed the potential savings. In September, the day rate for a typical rig in the Permian Basin was USD 18,000, according to Hart Energy Market Intelligence. That is equivalent to only 360 bbl of oil at USD 50/bbl.

Saving a day of drilling is a bad trade if the hole quality suffers. The downsides of a badly drilled well can range from casing damage and pump breakdowns, to missed sweet spots and accumulations of sand in low spots slowing the flow, according to drilling experts at the recent SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) held in Houston, and in interviews since.

One of them, Moray Laing, oil and gas lead for the SAS Americas Energy Practice, raised a seemingly simple question: “Having good directional control gives you better wellbore quality. I wonder why we are not measuring that systematically?”

The Search for Measures of Drilling Imperfection
Q&A with Mikhail Chertenkov, Deputy CEO of Field Development Technology, Lukoil-Engineering
Authors: Henni Abdelghani , Chertenkov Mikhail
Published: November 2016

Q&A

The Yarega heavy oil field is an example of Russia’s technical advancements in heavy oil and bitumen production. Describe the technologies deployed in the field and their effects on production.

Due to the requirements for high oil production rates and final oil recovery factors, we applied a counterflow steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology in Yarega, which resulted in even reservoir coverage by thermal exposure, higher oil production rates, and lower steam/oil ratio values. Modeling results also had shown higher expected final oil recovery factors.

A surface/underground thermal oil mining field development method is in common use in the Yarega field. The oil production performance indices of the oil mining method were significantly improved by the following measures:

The lengths of horizontal wells drilled from underground mines were tripled due to new directional drilling systems, thus oil rates from new wells were increased.

An upgrade of a surface steam generation unit raised the steam pumping pressure.

By implementing counterflow SAGD technology, we increased horizontal well length, reduced operational expenses, eliminated adverse working conditions from the processes, and significantly improved workplace health and safety protection. The counterflow SAGD also allowed us to develop new areas in the Yarega field that were not prepared by functioning mines.

What are the benefits of using thermal production technologies?

In the Yarega field, there is no alternative to thermal methods for oil production. The majority of the nonthermal development technologies for heavy oil fields are known to be economically inefficient. Lukoil is working on improving thermal methods for production in its heavy oil fields. We have set a goal to increase oil production rates by 40% and final recovery factors by 10% by developing the currently employed methods and applying new approaches and technologies in pilot project programs.
Chance of Development: Definition, Estimation, and Use
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 170747, “Chance of Development: What Is It? Can We Estimate It? How Should We Use It?,” by Doug Peacock, SPE, and Tracey Jennings, SPE, Gaffney, Cline & Associates, prepared for the 2014 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Amsterdam, 27–29 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Chance of Development (CoD) is commonly used as an input to economic assessments and valuations where it is often quoted with little explanation of the framework used. In such circumstances, it may be misleading and overly simplistic to multiply the project net present value (NPV) by a single CoD factor to derive a risked NPV as a proxy for value. This paper will examine ways in which CoD can be defined better, methods for its estimation, and its appropriate application along with common misuses.

Introduction

The Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS) is an international standard petroleum-reserves-and-resources classification system based on industry best practices and is described in detail in the complete paper. The PRMS encourages the use of subclasses that provide some qualitative assessment of CoD. These subclasses include

Development Pending, where project activities are ongoing to justify commercial development in the foreseeable future.

Development Unclarified or On Hold, where project activities are on hold or where justification as a commercial development may be subject to a significant delay. This subclass refers to quite different situations; Unclarified typically refers to internal decisions, whereas On Hold is more related to external factors.

Development Not Viable, where there are no current plans to acquire additional data because of limited production potential.

The PRMS also allows Contingent Resources to be further divided according to economic status.

Marginal Contingent Resources are technically feasible projects that are either currently economic or projected to be economic under reasonably forecasted improvements in commercial conditions but are not currently committed for development because of one or more contingencies.

Sub-Marginal Contingent Resources are those associated with discoveries for which analysis indicates that technically feasible development projects would not be economic or other contingencies would not be satisfied under current or reasonably forecasted improvements in commercial conditions. If evaluations are incomplete, it may also be possible for economic status to be undetermined. Thus, Marginal Contingent Resources would typically have a higher CoD than Sub-Marginal Contingent Resources.
A Technical-Limits Approach Applied To Maximizing Gasfield Recovery
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 175004, “The Reservoir-Technical-Limits Approach Applied To Maximizing Recovery From Volumetric and Aquifer-Drive Gas Fields,” by Abdelmadjid Alane, Peter J. Lumsden, P. Craig Smalley, Richard Hallam, Peter A. Salino, SPE, Steven J. Wells, and Tim J. Primmer, BP, prepared for the 2015 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, 28–30 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Maximizing recovery of hydrocarbons from oil and gas fields represents responsible asset management and is extremely valuable to both the operator and the host country. Successful pursuit of this goal involves a complex combination of technical, commercial, organizational, and human factors. This paper describes recent progress in developing a proprietary recovery-factor-evaluation process.

Introduction

In 2002, a root-cause analysis was carried out on the basis of both externally published and internally held data to identify key success factors for increasing recovery factor in both gas and oil fields. This root-cause analysis led to the development of a robust and systematic approach to identify and describe opportunities called the Reservoir Technical Limits (RTL) system. Since its first application, this process has provided a systematic framework to identify new recovery-improving activities across a portfolio of fields, generate clear ownership of the activities by field teams and individuals, and identify technology requirements (existing or new) to progress the opportunities. This process has proved highly effective in identifying and evaluating the practical recovery potential within these fields.

The process hinges on breaking the overall recovery factor into separate-component efficiency factors so that targeted recovery-enhancing methods can be evaluated.

System Concept

The system is used to evaluate the life-of- field recovery potential of oil and gas fields, and the steps required to achieve this potential, on the basis of the following key factors:

Depth of technical knowledge across multiple functions

Innovation, creativity, and awareness of latest technologies

Understanding field specificity, so that identified opportunities are properly applicable to the field under review
Designing and Testing of New Rotary-Steerable System for Use Onshore
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: November 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 173093, “Designing and Testing a New Rotary-Steerable System (RSS) for the Onshore Drilling Market,” by Andrew Gorrara, SPE, Shona Grant, Tore Kvalvik, SPE, and Stig Bakke, 2TD Drilling, and Peter Clark, SPE, Chevron, prepared for the 2015 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition, London, 17–19 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

While rotary-steerable systems (RSSs) dominate the offshore directional-drilling markets, the land-based markets are still dominated by conventional directional-drilling tools. This paper presents a new RSS that is being designed and tested specifically for the onshore markets. The new tool is a short RSS that is designed to deliver a buildup rate of 15°/100 ft. It achieves this by the movement of two eccentric shafts relative to one another within the tool.

Introduction

For directional drilling to be successful, it is important that the drillers have information on the orientation of the tool while they are drilling so they can best align the wellbore orientation to the reservoir target. Commonly, this is achieved with a measurement-while-drilling (MWD) tool that is typically 50 ft or more behind the drill bit. In some cases, these measurements are supplemented with some form of near-bit inclination reading. A further improvement would be to have both inclination and azimuth measured close to the bit and integrated into the drilling tool’s directional response, thereby enabling precise well placement without the need to project and correct continually from the MWD tool that lags considerably behind the drilling tool. This is the method adopted by the RSS described in this paper.

In many cases, a downhole positive-displacement motor will be used with the RSS to increase rate of penetration (ROP) and reduce casing wear by minimizing string rotation. The RSS described in this paper was designed to be driven directly by the topdrive or with a mud motor.

Three prototypes of the new RSS have been designed and tested so far. The first prototype (Prototype A) successfully demonstrated dogleg-severity capability of 15°/100 ft. The second prototype (Prototype B) was designed to evaluate the efficiency of the selected motor-gear design in moving the eccentric shafts when applying significant side loads. The third prototype (Prototype C) was a complete rotary-steerable tool that verified all aspects of the design, culminating in the drilling of directional holes in concrete blocks. This paper describes the development of Prototype C, covering design, manufacture, and the drill tests that verified the 15°/100 ft dogleg performance through concrete-block drilling. The paper also covers the subsequent design improvements made before manufacture of the field-test prototypes (Prototype D) and the planned environmental and endurance testing of Prototype D before field testing.
The Romantic Jealousy as Multidimensional Construct: A Study on the Italian Short Form of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale
Authors: Tani Franca , Ponti Lucia
Published: November 2016

Background:

Romantic jealousy is a complex construct composed of several dimensions. Given the multidimensional nature of romantic jealousy, it would be useful to have a measurement scale that would take into account its several components.

Objective:

The aims of the present study were to provide the Italian adaptation of the Short Form of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale (SF-MJS - Elphinson, Feeney & Noller, 2011) verifying its factorial structure, reliability, and predictive validity. Finally, gender differences in the tree main dimensions of romantic jealousy- cognitive, emotional and behavioral- were explored.

Method:

361 participants (168 males and 193 females), aged 20 to 40 (M = 26.50; SD = 4.99) were recruited. A confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) was performed to test the multidimensional structure of the scale. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to verify the reliability. The predictive validity was assessed examining associations between different dimensions of the romantic jealousy and insecure romantic attachment. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was implemented in order to verify gender differences.

Results:

Confirmatory factor analyses verified the three-factor structure, supporting the presence of these distinct latent constructs, assessing cognitive, emotional and behavioral components of romantic jealousy. The internal consistency coefficients were satisfactory for all the three factors of the scale, and ranged from .80 to .85. Consistent evidence supported the predictive validity of the ISF-MJS. Significant gender differences were registered.

Conclusion:

The ISF-MJS constitutes a reliable instrument for measuring romantic jealousy in the Italian context. Limitations, strengths, and further development of the present study are discussed.
Optimal Designs of Well Pattern for the Development of Tight Gas Reservoirs (TGRs)
Authors: Yuwei Jiao , Jing Xia , Jianye Yan , Daicai Xu
Published: November 2016

Both horizontal well and fractured-horizontal well have been widely used to develop TGRs. However, the costs of horizontal well and fractured-horizontal well are much higher than the vertical well. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the reservoir conditions for evaluating the potential benefit when choosing well pattern or designing well parameters. In this paper, a simulator of simulating the development of TGRs including slippage flow and stress dependence in matrix, and high-velocity non-Darcy flow and stress effect in hydraulic fractures was firstly developed. Then, it was used to study the development effects of different TGRs using different well patterns and well parameters. Based on the simulation results, the incremental ratio models of horizontal well to vertical well and fractured-horizontal well to horizontal well were achieved. These models can be used to predict the incremental production using horizontal well or fractured-horizontal well. We also obtained the plates of choosing well pattern and designing the corresponding parameters to achieve a good profit in the field.
Effect of Hyperglycemia on the Excretory Ducts of the Submandibular Gland (Histologic Study)
Authors: Ersteniuk Hanna , Kotyk Taras , Dey Nilanjan , Yurakh Omelian , Popadynets Oksana
Published: November 2016

The paper highlights the peculiarities of histological changes in different subdivisions of the intralobular duct of the submandibular gland in rats in case of experimental hyperglycemia.Materials and methods. The study included 40 male Wistar rats weighing 230 to 250g. Experimental hyperglycemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. Biochemical and morphological investigations were conducted; the morphometric analysis was carried out.Results. Since the 28th day of the experiment, on the background of dynamic increase in the levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin in the blood, there was observed the development of dystrophic changes in epithelial cells of the granular and striated ducts being accompanied by a gradual decrease in epithelial cell height by 10.28 – 29.46% and 10.77 – 28.28%, respectively. Morphological changes in the intercalated ducts were detected later – since the 42nd day of the experiment and the decrease in their epithelial cell height – by 15.60%, was seen on the 70th day only.Conclusions. Morphological changes in different subdivisions of the intralobular duct are of dystrophic nature and can be histologically detected since the 28th day of the experiment; they depend on the duration of hyperglycemia and are accompanied by a dynamic decrease in epithelial cell height.
Political Memoirs, Myth, Policy, and the Wars of Yugoslav Secession
Authors: Whitehead Cameron
Published: November 2016

An outpouring of academic interest in the collapse of Yugoslavia and the subsequent wars of secession has developed key areas of critical analysis to approach the subject. While much of this recent work has emphasized the importance of persistent myths about the region and its people, little work has conclusively demonstrated the correlation between these misconceptions and policy formation. The use of popular, political memoirs as historical sources has been lightly treated in recent historiography, suggesting a reluctance to critically engage with the genre or accept these texts as valid sources of information. This case study argues that the political memoirs surrounding the collapse of Yugoslavia and the subsequent wars of secession complicate the assumed relationship between widespread myths of the region and the formation of policy at the military and diplomatic level.
Homo Viator: Itineraries of Exile, Displacement and Writings in Renaissance Europe
Authors: Aebel Ian J
Published: November 2016

Homo Viator: Itineraries of Exile, Displacement and Writing in Renaissance Europe. By Tucker, George Hugo. Geneve: Librairie Droz S.A., 2003: Pp. xix, 396. $95.00 US Cloth.
The Case of Goa: History, Rhetoric and Nationalism
Authors: Bravo Philip
Published: November 2016

The Indian armed forces "liberation" of the small Portuguese colony of Goa in 1961 put an end to a fruitless diplomatic contest between New Delhi and Lisbon. The arguments used by each government to defend its right to Goa provide an interesting case study of how history can be used in an attempt to define a "people." Since few Goans were persuaded to make a stand on either side of this debate, this case indicates the limited power of nationalist rhetoric, and therefore the need for historians to look beyond such rhetoric to understand the formation of national identity.
Reconsiderations of Frameworks of Ethnic History: A Comparison of Metis and Ukrainian-Canadian HistoriographiesEthnic historians in Canada have tended to use ethnicity as a
Authors: Fujiwara Aya
Published: November 2016

Ethnic historians in Canada have tended to use ethnicity as a methodological framework without defining it or questioning the origins of ethnic consciousness. Many tend to conceptualize ethnicity strictly in terms of a place of origin, despite the fact that ethnic boundaries and consciousness are often transformed in the host nation. Taking the history of Ukrainian-Canadians as an example, this article argues that definitions of ethnicity based on the national and/or racial origins of immigrants must be reconsidered. It suggests that scholars of Metis history, focusing on factors that shape ethnogenesis such as economy, gender, religion, and settlement patterns, provide certain theoretical insights useful for ethnic historians. Yet the categorical division between ethnic and Native histories has hitherto hindered communication between these fields.
Texts and Artifacts: A Spatial Analysis of Papyri at Karanis
Authors: Stephan Robert P
Published: November 2016

This paper takes a quantitative and spatial analytical approach to the papyri excavated from the Graco-Roman Egyptian town of Karanis. It attempts to accomplish two things. Firstly, it breaks down the descriptive attributes of the papyrological assemblage as a whole, giving a sense of the types of texts, authors, dates and languages involved. The goal of this part of the paper is to overcome the past tendency of publishing individual texts or small archives without their larger context. Secondly, the paper plots the proveniences of papyri from Karanis using a Geographic Information System or GIS. Papyri are used as proxies for socio-economic status and literacy. Plotting the proveniences shows a distinct lack of a single cluster of papyri, revealing instead either several clusters or an even distribution. This suggests the lack of a single wealth or literate center within the town of Karanis. Future studies hope to include both archaeological artifacts and more stratigraphic layers in the GIS spatial analysis.
Good Intentions, Debatable Results: Catholic Missionaries and Indian Schooling in Hobbema, 1891-1914
Authors: Taljit Gary
Published: November 2016

Oblate missionaries played a large role in educating and "civilizing" natives in the Canadian Northwest in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The missionaries' goals were to gain converts and to prepare the Indians to cope with the new, white-dominated society. Under the aegis of a Dominion government that sought an inexpensive means of assimilating the Indians, the missionaries built schools where native children could be inculcated with "Canadian" values and mores. This essay looks at missionary education at the Hobbema residential school from 1891 to 1914 as a case study. The writer argues that for a variety of reasons, Indians often resisted the educational efforts of the Oblates and the sisters who taught at the school. Indians questioned the motives of the missionaries, the health conditions at the schools, and the benefits of the education. However, some Indians believed education could help them adjust to the new society. Nevertheless, the ethnocentrism, paternalism, and strict discipline that characterized the residential school experience often made it an unhappy one for children, although the situation for students at Hobbema was probably not as bad as it was for Indian students at other localities.
Pat Carney and the Dismantling of the National Energy Program
Authors: Nemeth Tammy
Published: November 2016

The Progressive Conservative energy policy initiative of 1984-1985 represented a distinct change not only in how policy was formulated but also in the party's vision of Canada. The Tories endeavoured to decentralize government, encourage cooperative federal-provincial relations, and develop an energy policy outside the bureaucracy through consultation with the oil industry. Patricia Carney played a vital role first as opposition energy critic and then as minister of Energy, Mines and Resources. She emphasized consultation and cooperation with industry and the provinces and accepted most of their input uncritically. These developments are explored through an examination of the policy-making process developed by the Conservatives in opposition, and then put into practice after they took power in 1984.
Labouring to Choose, Choosing to Labour: Coercion and Choice in the Potosi Mita
Authors: Smith Matthew
Published: November 2016

The Spanish colonial labour regime in Latin America was known as the mita, and provided the Indian workers needed for numerous Spanish enterprises. The best known of the mita institutions was the Potosi mita, which lasted from 1573 to 1825. It drafted male Indians from the Viceroyalty of Peru to work in the huge Spanish silver mines at Potosi. The mita placed a heavy burden on the backs of Indian peasants, and adversely affected village life, since many Indians migrated to escape the harsh conditions of the mines. Yet while the Indians suffered as a result of Spanish colonial oppression, it would be a mistake to see them simply as passive victims; in fact, they exercised personal agency in a number of significant ways. One of these hots was by choosing whether to go to the mines or to migrate. Another way was by deciding either to leave Potosi after serving their time of forced labour or to stay on as voluntary workers, which had considerable economic benefits; and indeed, many of them elected to stay. Ironically, in giving the Indians this latter choice, the coercion of the Potosi mita ended up creating the voluntary long-term labour force that the Spanish had hoped for from the start.
Public Attitudes in Canada Toward Unmarried Mothers, 1950-1996
Authors: Crawford Susan
Published: November 2016

Has the social stigma and shame once attached to unwed motherhood disappeared? A review of the Canadian popular press from 1950 to the present suggests that the stigma is now an economic one. This paper traces public attitudes toward unmarried mothers as viewed primarily through the pages of Maclean's and Chatelaine and concludes that, while the stigma now is mainly an economic one, the sense of shame surrounding unwed motherhood has not disappeared completely.
Spiritual and Secular Transculturation in Russian America, 1821-1867
Authors: Atkins Sean
Published: November 2016

The focus of this essay is to reveal the secular and spiritual transculturation that shaped the relationship between the indigenous Aleut and Alutiiq with colonial Russian America from the time of the second charter of the Russian-America Company (RAC) in 1821 until the end of the colony in 1867. This period was marked by a systematic attempt on the part of the Russian imperial elite to codify (and classify) the offspring and cultural identity of mixed Russian-Native parentage (creole). The syncretism of Orthodoxy and indigenous spirituality, however, simultaneously challenged any attempt by the centre to “Russify” or “Christianize” the local inhabitants. The result of this latter era in the history of Russian America was an alternative model for Empire that eschewed the acculturation/assimilation paradigms inherent in Native-Newcomer relations associated with contemporary European settler societies.
From Budgeting to Buying: Canadian Consumerism in the Post War Era
Authors: Liverant Bettina
Published: November 2016

From the late 1940s to the early 1960s Canadians shifted from a predilection for careful budgeting and "making do" to consumers in training, and later, full-fledged participants in the buy now, pay later mode of North American consumption prevalent from the sixties to the present. Using three "typical" Canadian families featured by Chatelaine Magazine in 1949, 1954 and 1962 as the hub of analysis, this article examines the transformation in attitudes toward domestic spending, the use of credit, and the manner in which new patterns of spending and consumption were simultaneously reflected in and authorized by the magazine.