bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First results of active observation of patients with prostate cancer and low oncological risk
Authors: Gasanov E. N. , Chinenov D. V. , Akopyan G. N. , Shpot’ E. V. , Kodzokov M. A. , Golovnya P. I. , Magomedov A. A. , Karayev D. K. , Chernov Ya. N. , Rapoport L. M.
Published: August 2021

The study objective is to improve results of treatment of patients with prostate cancer (PC) and low oncological risk.

Materials and methods. Since November of 2019 at the Institute of Urology and Human Reproductive Health of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 40 patients with PC and low oncological risk were included in the protocol of active observation. In all patients, the level of prostate-specific antigen was evaluated every 3 months, digital rectal examination was performed every 6 months, magnetic resonance tomography of the pelvis with intravenous contrast was performed every 12 months. Confirming biopsy of the prostate was performed once, 1 year after the beginning of observation. Every 6 months patients' quality of life was evaluated using the SF-36 (Short Form 36 Health Quality Survey), IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function), IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score), EPIC-26 (Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite) questionnaires.

Results. Two (5 %) patients underwent surgical treatment due to PC progression. One (2.5 %) patient preferred treatment due to oncological anxiety. Mean value per the SF-36 questionnaire at the beginning of the study was 63.2 ± 11.5 for psychological component of health and 57.1 ± 9.8 for physical component of health. At the moment, the assessment of the psychological and physical components of health according to SF-36 is 69.5 ± 12.4 and 66.3 ± 8.9 points, respectively. Mean IIEF-5 value at the beginning of the study was 18.8 ± 4.2, currently it is 18.6 ± 3.9. At the beginning of the study mean IPSS value was 9.1 ± 2.1, currently it is 9.4 ± 1.9. For the EPIC-26 questionnaire mean value for all criteria initially was 56.1 ± 5.1, currently it is 68.2 ± 4.6.

Conclusion. First results of active observation of patients with PC and low oncological risk demonstrated that this approach allows to avoid unnecessary treatment of patients who do not require immediate intervention and to start treatment on time in cases where it is required while preserving high quality of life for the patients.
Singularity analysis of differential-algebraic power system models
Authors:   , Ayasun Saffet , Nwankpa Chikaodinaka Okechi Dike
Published: August 2021

Differential-algebraic power system models exhibit singularity induced (SI) bifurcations as the parameters vary. The SI bifurcation point, which occurs when the system equilibria meet the singularity of the algebraic part of the model, belongs to a large set of other singular points called a singular set. At any singular point, the DAE model breaks down; meaning a vector field on a set satisfying algebraic part of the DAE model is not defined. Thus, DAE's cannot be reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) at the singular points. In terms of power system dynamics, at the singular points, relationship between generator angles and load bus variables breaks down and the DAE model cannot predict system behavior. Thus, singular points impose a dynamic constraint to the system model and computational tools are essential to locate them. We propose a novel method to compute singular points of the DAE model for the multi-machine power systems. The identification of the singular points is formulated as a bifurcation problem of a set of algebraic equations whose parameters are the generator angles. The method implements Newton-Raphson (NR)/Newton-Raphson-Seydel (NRS) methods to compute singular points. The proposed method is implemented into Voltage Stability Toolbox (VST) and simulations results are presented for several power system examples. Singular points are depicted together with the system equilibria to visualize static and dynamic limits.
Analisis Spasial Kesesuaian Lahan Sapi Aceh dan Padang Penggembalaan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Samadi Samadi , Rusdi Muhammad , Saputra Ridwan
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK. Analisis kesesuaian lahan terutama bagi ternak ruminansia erat kaitannya dengan penetapan kawasan penyebaran dan pengembangan peternakan. Kabupaten Aceh Besar memiliki salah satu komoditi unggulan yaitu plasma nutfah sapi Aceh sebagai kekayaan sumber daya genetik ternak lokal Indonesia yang perlu dilindungi dan dilestarikan dengan cara mempertahankan populasi ternak hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai kesesuaian fisik lingkungan untuk pengembangan peternakan sapi Aceh yang digembalakan di padang penggembalaan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif dengan penerapan sistem informasi geografis (SIG). Pengolahan data menggunakan aplikasi QGIS 3.10.14 dan analisis data geospasial yang disusun sesuai dengan standar kesesuaian lahan FAO berdasarkan parameter kesesuaian jenis tanah, ketinggian, kemiringan, iklim, curah hujan, suhu dan ph tanah yang dapat diamati dan diukur berdasarkan kebutuhan fisik lingkungan sapi Aceh pada padang penggembalaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua wilayah 95,26% dari total luas wilayah kajian sesuai untuk kawasan peternakan sapi Aceh pada padang penggembalaan, dan hanya 4,74% lahan yang tidak sesuai untuk kawasan peternakan sapi Aceh pada padang penggembalaan.  (Spatial analysis of land and pasture suitability for Aceh cattle in Aceh Besar district) ABSTRACT. Analysis of land suitability for livestock is strongly related to distribution and livestock development Aceh Besar District has one of the leading commodities, namely Aceh cow germplasm as a wealth of genetic resources of Indonesian local livestock that need to be protected and preserved by keeping the number of livestock population the objective of this study is to assess the physical suitability of the environment for the development of Aceh Cows that are grazed in pastures. This research was conducted in the Aceh Besar District area. The method applied in this study was description analysis methods by evaluating the area topography to determine the land suitability for cattle and pasture and its potency as a tool to determine land suitability for livestock production. The focus of the study was based on application of a GIS geographic information system in handling spatial data on soil types, altitude, slope, climate, rainfall, temperature, and soil pH in accordance with FAO land suitability standards. All data were analyzed by using QGIS 3.10.14 software. The results showed that almost all areas of 95.26% of the total area of the study area were suitable for the Aceh cattle breeding area in grazing areas, and only 4.74% of the land was unsuitable for the Aceh cattle breeding area in pastures.
Legacy Asbestos, the Third Wave of Asbestos Disease, and Implications for Domestic Exposure
Authors: Spear Terry
Published: August 2021

Asbestos-containing products have been utilized extensively in home and building construction during the first eight decades of the 20th century. While substantial literature exists regarding occupational asbestos exposure, limited information is available concerning asbestos exposure in residential settings. In addition to asbestos containing building products in homes, exposures to asbestos may also result from the use of products in which asbestos occurs as a contaminant. Despite regulation by EPA and OSHA, ongoing occupational and environmental exposures to asbestos remain a continuing cause for concern. The aim of this paper is to review the scope of legacy asbestos and highlight the implications for domestic exposure.
Acute Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and its association with cardiovascular diseases.
Authors: Elorriaga Guadalupe , Flores-Peralta Maricela , Rey-Pineda Guillermo , Miranda-García Maximino , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo , Salazar-Martínez Eduardo
Published: August 2021

Chronic infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C pneumoniae) has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study evaluates the association of acute C pneumoniae infection and CVD in adult patients. We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 397 patients with a diagnosis of CVD, and 127 without CVD, at the Hospital General de Zona del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) in the state of Morelos, Mexico; the diagnosis was established by the Department of Cardiology. Patients with CVD were divided into 4 groups: I) Cardiac arrhythmia, II) Ischemic heart disease, III) Hypertensive heart disease and, IV) Valvular heart disease. Exposure to C pneumoniae was measured by antibody determination (IgG, IgM e IgA) with the microimmunofluorescence (MIF) technique. Statistical analysis included the determination of prevalence, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results showed that the prevalence of acute C pneumoniae infection in the study population was 21%, and was highest in the groups with CVD versus patients without CVD, and an association was established (OR, 13.93; 95% CI, 3.8-66.1). Likewise, when comparing the Ig titer geometric means, we found that an acute C pneumoniae infection increased the risk of presenting a cardiac arrhythmia and ischemic heart disease by a factor of 18, and increased 12-fold the risk of having hypertensive or valvular heart disease. The prevalence of acute infection + chronic infection was greater in the group with ischemic heart disease (18.4%). Our study reflects the great significance of seroprevalence of acute infection with C pneumoniae among patients with CVD. Further, the seroprevalence of acute infection + chronic infection was greater in patients with ischemic heart disease, suggesting that this combination may be associated with the mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis mediating coronary episodes. It appears that this is the first report on the subject.
A clinical profile of liver function tests in COVID-19 patients at tertiary care centre from north India
Authors: Priyadarshi B. P , Kumar Avdhesh , Singh Vipul , Varma Sanjay Kumar , Yadav Ravi , Pandey Pankaj , Tripathi Sanjeev
Published: August 2021

Background: The coronavirus is a large group of virus, which spread rapidly as an epidemic in china and was named initially as 2019 novel corona virus and subsequently named as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by World Health Organization (WHO). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a dramatic loss of human life globally and manifests a variety of clinical symptoms varying from fever, cough, headache, myalgias, nausea, vomiting to more severe pneumonia, ARDS, septic shock and multiorgan failure. SARS-CoV-2, primarily affect respiratory system but COVID-19 patients also have varying levels of liver injuries or liver dysfunction. This retrospective study was designed to analyze the clinical features, liver function and duration of hospital stay with confirmed cases of covid-19 in a tertiary care centre.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Isolation ward, Level -2 Covid Hospital, Government Medical College, Kannauj, Uttar Pradesh (India), from April to June 2021. A detailed history and examination was carried out as per the pre-designed proforma. The liver function test included alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. Patients were considered with abnormal LFTs when any value of these tests was higher than upper limit of normal.Results: One hundred and ten patients with covid-19 were enrolled during the study period. There were 74 males (67.2%) and 36 (32.7%) females.  The mean age of study population was 49.07±12.05 years. In present study, the mean value of serum bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT and ALP were 0.85±0.47 mg/dl, 74.6±66.9 IU/L, 48.45±36.86 IU/L and 229.25±69.79 IU/L, respectively. In present study, the abnormal liver function was seen in 67.2 % cases with COVID-19 patients. The mean duration of hospital stay among normal LFT and abnormal LFT patients group were 13.33±2.12 and 17.10±2.07 days, respectively.Conclusions: The present study highlighted that abnormal liver function was observed in 67.2% cases with COVID-19 patients. Further research should focus on the cause of liver injury in covid 19 and on treatment and outcome.
Functional and radiological outcome of open reduction and internal fixation in bimalleolar fractures of ankle: a prospective study
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Basit Abdul , Gupta Sanjeev
Published: August 2021

Background: Bimalleolar fractures are commonly encountered fractures in the orthopaedic emergency. The goals in the treatment of these fractures are aimed at perfect anatomical reduction which could be obtained by open reduction and internal fixation.Methods: A prospective study conducted in the department of orthopedics, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir from June 2019 to December 2020 in patients with bimalleolar fracture. Clinical history, socio-demographic profile, and Lauge Hansen classification was noted for all patients. Functional outcome was evaluated 6 months postoperatively using the Baird and Jackson criteria.Results: Mean time for radiological union was 18 weeks. Baired and Jackson scoring was used with excellent results in 21 patients (43.75%), good results in 19 patients (39.58%), fair results in 8 patients (16.66) while no patients had poor outcome.Conclusions: In our study we concluded that open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in bimalleolar fractures with plating for lateral malleolus and cannulated cancellous screw (CCS) for medial malleolus is an effective treatment modality with very good results in experienced hands.
Investigation of clinical parameters associated with COVID-19 in pregnant women
Authors: Sharma Mehak , Kaur Amandeep , Singh Kanwardeep , Sidhu Shailpreet Kaur , Aggarwal Anju , Jairath Mohan
Published: August 2021

Background: Pregnancy is an immune-compromised condition; encompass physiological changes that make the women more vulnerable to infections such as COVID-19. The major concern is about the intrauterine transmission resulting in fetal and neonatal outcomes; therefore, this group of population requires more attention pertaining prevention, management and treatment. Thus, the main aim of the study is to analyze clinical characteristics among pregnant women.Methods: The study was conducted on 17092 samples of pregnant adults whose nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swab samples were received from various districts of Punjab (Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala, Tarn Taran and Pathankot) from the period of March 2020 to December 2020. Confirmation of SAS-CoV-2 was done by RT-PCR.Results: Out of total samples (17092), 374 (2.19%) females exhibited positive results for SARS-CoV-2, and mean age of the pregnant females was 26.37 years. Analysis was performed on 210 (Positive) samples as cases and 210 age matched control females (SARS-CoV-2 negative). Analysis performed demonstrated that SpO2 <96% and co-morbidities such as diabetes and hypertension showed significant association and are common factors in COVID-19. None of the case showed any neonatal and maternal demise.Conclusions: In the present study, saturation level of oxygen (<96%), diabetes and hypertension was found to be significant. All the pregnant women have similar symptoms as that of non pregnant adults.
Effect of Nucart VG (Boswellia serrata in combination with veg glucosamine sulphate) in comparison with glucosamine sulphate to improve quality of life of knee osteoarthritis patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Goni Vijay G. , Mishra Mukesh , Kadam Sailee , Gandhi Sharat S.
Published: August 2021

Background: Boswellia serrata has been proved to be an effective and safe herb for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aims at assessing the synergistic effect of this herb with vegetarian glucosamine sulphate, a nutritional supplement, on knee osteoarthritis using quality of life indicators.

Methods: This was an open label, parallel group randomized trial of 12-week duration. Sixty-six subjects were equally randomized to two treatment arms: Boswellia serrata extract (600 mg) and glucosamine (750 mg) [Nucart VG]; and glucosamine sulphate (market comparator) 750 mg. Patients were administered 1 tablet twice-a-day post-meal for three months. Efficacy of treatment was measured on primary end-points like EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) (health status indicator), visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) scale (pain indicators), while safety was measured in terms of vital parameters. Both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed for comparing scores between the two groups.

Results: The baseline characteristics of patients between two groups were insignificantly different (p>0.05). In ITT analysis, the health status (EQ-5D score) of patients in Nucart VG group improved significantly than the comparator group at follow up 2 (p=0.037) and showed further improvement at follow up 3 (p=0.012). The pain indicators i.e. VAS and WOMAC scores were significantly lower in Nucart VG group right from follow up 1 till follow up 3 (p<0.05). Similar were the observations during PP analysis.

Conclusions: Nucart VG is beneficial for the treatment of mild to moderate knee OA, as inferred from the functional and health status assessment.
A prospective study of retrograde nailing for distal third femoral shaft fractures
Authors: Paramesh Nikil Sanaba , Munirathnaiah Pradeep Kumar
Published: August 2021

Background: To evaluate the postoperative knee range of motion and results of unreamed retrograde nailing for distal third femoral shaft fractures.

Methods: Between June 2019 and June 2021 inclusive, a consecutive series of 20 patients who underwent retrograde nailing were prospectively evaluated. Outcome measures were union time, initiation of weight bearing, deformity and shortening, functional length of the nail, knee function assessed using a modified knee society knee score. Correlations between union time and other variables were also studied.

Results: In these patients 18 (90%) of the 20 fractures achieved union, of which 4 underwent dynamisation; the mean union time for the other 18 fractures was 3.1 months. Angular malalignment was present in 2 patients and shortening in 3 others. There was negligible correlation between union time and variables of nail-canal diameter mismatch, functional length of nail, fracture geometry, or initiation of partial weight bearing ambulation. Knee flexion of more than 100 degrees was achieved in 19 patients. 14 patients had anterior knee pain and 7 had instability in early phases of ambulation. By the end of one year, excellent or good scores for pain and function were recorded in 95% and 86% respectively of the 20 patients.

Conclusions: In view of such favourable union rates and no significant deterioration in overall knee joint function, at best retrograde nailing is a reliable alternative in the management of selected complicated fractures of the distal femoral shaft.
A prospective study of prognostic factors predicting outcome of surgery in chronic pancreatitis at a tertiary care centre in India
Authors: Samantaray Satya Prasad , Dutta Tanmay
Published: August 2021

Identification of factors predicting the outcome of surgery for chronic pancreatitis and preparation of a scoring system to predict the outcome following surgery.

A total number of 76 patients who had undergone surgery for chronic pancreatitis were prospectively followed at Department of General Surgery, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack during the period from 2010-2013. Data on demographic details, pain score, opioid addiction, exocrine and endocrine insufficiency, insulin requirement and morphology of pancreas on imaging were recorded. On follow up, improvement in pain score and exocrine and endocrine insufficiency were recorded. Factors affecting surgical outcome were determined and a scoring system was done.

The mean age of patients was 39.7±7.9 years (range 18-58 years). Chronic alcohol intake was the predominant cause accounting for 56% (n=34) cases. Mean pain score at admission on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was 5.98. Twenty-six patients (43.3%) were found to have endocrine insufficiency and 22 (36.6%) patients had exocrine insufficiency. Forty-two patients underwent Partington-Rochelle procedure, and 18 patients underwent Frey’s procedure. Eighty percent of patients (n=48) had significant pain relief. On logistic regression, preoperative VAS score, number of previous admissions, opioid dependence, main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter, number and site of calcifications were found to be significant in predicting pain relief.

Cohort of patients with chronic pancreatitis likely to get benefit from surgery can be predicted preoperatively.
Cardiorespiratory changes during robotic pelvic surgeries- A prospective observational Study
Authors: Saigal Deepti , Shoaib Mohammad , Kale Suniti
Published: August 2021

Robot assisted pelvic surgeries are associated with cardiorespiratory changes due to conjunction of carboperitoneum and steep Trendelenburg position for prolonged durations.

To determine the changes in cardiovascular and respiratory systems in patients undergoing elective robot assisted pelvic surgeries under general anesthesia.

A prospective observational study was conducted in 35 patients scheduled for elective robot assisted pelvic surgeries. Patients belonging to ASA class I and II were included and their intraoperative hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were noted post induction (baseline), at pneumoperitoneum, at and every 15 minutes after steep Trendelenburg positioning, at resuming supine position, at deflation of pneumoperitoneum and post-deflation. Primary outcome was mean arterial pressure. Secondary outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, central venous pressure, airway pressures (peak, plateau and mean), pulmonary compliance, minute ventilation, end tidal carbondioxide levels and blood gas values.

On assuming steep Trendelenburg position, there was significant increase in systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures. There was significant increase in peak, plateau and mean airway pressures and significant decrease in pulmonary compliance which led to increase in end tidal carbondioxide levels and minute ventilation. On resuming supine position and deflation of pneumoperitoneum, there was significant decrease in mean arterial pressure. Although the pulmonary compliance improved, it continued to be significantly lower than the post-induction baseline value.

Robot-assisted pelvic surgeries are associated with significant changes in hemodynamic and respiratory parameters of patients.
Comparative study of efficacy of platelet rich plasma injection versus corticosteroid injection in conservative management of periarthritis shoulder
Authors: Kumar  Panda Sambit , Soren Surai , Kumar Nayak Ashok , Nayak Rabindra , Swain Sabyasachi
Published: August 2021

Analysis of eighty patients with periarthritis shoulder was done. Patients were thoroughly evaluated and were divided into two groups in a randomized trial. Forty patients were in group-A who received 3doses of injection of PRP (4ml) 2 weeks apart within a duration of 6weeks. Equal number of patients were in group-B. They received 2ml of Injection corticosteroid 2weeks apart within a duration of 6 weeks. All participants were advised to perform a home-based hot fomentation and 15min exercise therapy. One participant from group A and 2 from group B were lost to follow up. There were 35 male and 42 female who completed the study. Analysis of 77 subjects who completed the study was done. Participant were evaluated for range of motion of shoulder as main outcome measure. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and (Quick DASH) was used to measure pain and functions of the shoulder. The evaluation of Participants was done at 0,3,6 and 12 weeks. ANOVA test and Chi-square test, was repeatedly used to measure the differences.

Participants who were given PRP injections showed significant improvements in active and passive range of shoulder motion as measured by VAS and Quick DASH over corticosteroid injection. This was also reflected statistically. No major adverse reactions were observed during 12 weeks of intervention.

In our study, the injection of PRP showed marked improvement in the range of motion of shoulder over corticosteroid injection but it needs other study to be treatment of choice. It emerged as an option for treatment in diabetes patient and condition where steroid is contraindicated.
Alloimmunisation in sickle cell patients of western Odisha: A tertiary care centre study
Authors: Sharma Yespal , Ranjan  Prasad Chitta , Behera Susmita
Published: August 2021

RBC carries numerous protein and carbohydrate antigens on their surface. Out of 347 red cell antigens recognized by international society of blood Transfusion, 308 antigens are clustered in 36 blood Group systems. Except naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B antibodies all others are unexpected. Out of these some like Duffy, Kell, Kidd, MNS, P and certain Rh types are considered clinically significant. Only few studies for prevalence of irregular red cell alloantibody have been done. Those studies were done either in general population or in thalassemia patients. Few studies were done on sickle cell disease patients but all are outside India and those are significant. But no studies have been done till now on prevalence of alloantibody in sickle cell disease patients in India. Again the western part of Odisha is with high patient load of sickle cell disease. This study is very useful for this part of Odisha as complication due to the alloantibody can be managed properly. Both the patients and the clinician will be benefited by this study.
Study on bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility in diabetic foot infection in a teaching hospital, Telangana
Authors: Pothati Divya , Kiran B. Uday
Published: August 2021

Diabetic foot is one of the most significant complications of diabetes, Chronic infections are caused by Enterococci, various Enterobacteriaceae obligate anaerobes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

To study bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility in diabetic foot infection.

Cross sectional study was done in 110 diabetic foot infection cases in the Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagunuru, Karimnagar, Telangana. The grading of diabetic foot ulcers was done according to Wagner’s Classification system. The samples were collected from the exudates and ulcers. Gram stain was done and standard protocol for culture and sensitivity was followed for all the cases.

A total of 110 cases were studied. The patient age ranged from 35 to 75 years and the male to female ratio was 2:1. Out of 110 isolates, 72.7% isolates were Gram negative bacilli with P. aeruginosa 31.8% being the predominant followed by E.coli 27.2%, K.pneumoniae 10%, P.mirabilis 4.5%, S.aureus 12.7% was the predominant isolate followed by Enterococci spp 4.5% and Coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) 4.5% and S. pyogenes were 5.4%.

Both Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli can cause dia­betic foot infections and this study showed a preponderance of Gram negative bacilli. Early culture and sensitivity test of the bacterial isolates helps in guiding the treatment plan
Analysis of a High Andean River's Behavior at Loads of Organic Matter Through the Use of Mathematical Models with Experimentally Determined Kinetic Rates
Authors: Matovelle Carlos
Published: August 2021

Using models of organic matter degradation and dissolved oxygen consumption, the concentrations of these compounds are analyzed in two stretches of a river after a discharge of raw sewage. The analyzed river has low drafts and widths, so the velocity is high and the aeration coefficient kr calculated with the Covar method is high, this indicates a rapid recovery of oxygen from the water consumed by the organic matter degradation processes, the river has been instrumented to measure flows and organic matter at various points to calibrate the model. The hydraulic parameters of the river section are analyzed in three control points, in each one sample are taken to analyze oxygen consumption by organic matter and nitrification through laboratory tests to determine and adjust the kinetics of the processes (kd; knit). This kinetics have been used in the development of a water quality model to verify its adjustment, obtaining higher RMSE results than with kinetics from secondary sources. It is observed that the river has an excellent capacity for self-purification due to the high income of dissolved oxygen, with a kr > 9 d-1.
Development of Superior Plantation Commodities Based on Sustainable Development
Authors: Syahza Almasdi , Bakce Djaimi , Irianti Mitri , Asmit Brilliant , Nasrul Besri
Published: August 2021

Riau is an Indonesian province known for its large plantations. The plantation business makes the most significant contribution to the fiscal revenues of the province. This paper aims to innovate rural economy through the sustainable development of superior commodities in the plantation sub-sector of agriculture. Specifically, multi-criteria analysis (MCA) was performed to determine the superior commodities in each locality. The results show that the superior commodities include palm oil, rubber, coconut, cocoa, coffee, and sago. The development of these commodities could boost farmers’ income with the added value of planation products. On this basis, the fair use of land for all categories was highlighted from social, economic, and environmental perspectives, and recognized as essential to the development of sustainable plantations, which are integral to rural economy and land sustainability. The proposed development strategy for superior commodities in plantation is in line with the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Riau Province, Indonesia.
Development of the Concept of Cybersecurity of the Organization
Authors: A. Loishyn Anatolii , Hohoniants Spartak , Ya.Tkach Mykola , H. Tyshchenko Maksym , M. Tarasenko Nataliya , S. Kyvliuk Volodymyr
Published: August 2021

The article is of interest to managers and scientists at all levels who deal with combating cyber threats. The study analyzed the security environment and confirmed the rapid growth of malware and cyberattacks. The stages of development of cybercrime are analyzed, and the most significant cyberattacks that have taken place in recent years are identified. Statistics on the number of cyberattacks and their devastating impact on economies are presented. A brief description of the available types of malware and the algorithm of unauthorised entry of cyber attackers into the system is given. The article offers a variant of developing the concept of cybersecurity, defines the range of participants in ensuring the organisation's cybersecurity, and formulates an algorithm for its development and operation.
Imitación de diseños de Moda en España
Authors: Fernando Carbajo Cascón
Published: August 2021

El sector de la moda está sujeto constantemente a la presión de la imitación, recurriendo normalmente diseñadores y empresarios a los derechos de propiedad intelectual (diseño industrial y marcas) para evitar la copia, imitación o usurpación de sus creaciones y productos. No obstante el elevado coste que implica el procedimiento de concesión de derechos de propiedad intelectual en una industria en constante renovación, determina que muchas creaciones y prestaciones queden huérfanas de tutela mediante derechos exclusivos, y, por tanto, expuestas a la imitación de los competidores, tras reconocer la legislación el principio de libre imitación en el mercado. El Derecho de competencia desleal sirve como herramienta complementaria para combatir comportamientos que exceden lo razonable, pero su aplicación tiene carácter restrictivo y dependerá siempre de las circunstancias concurrentes en cada caso concreto.
Propiedad Intelectual, herramienta para el emprendedor del siglo XXI
Authors: Sánchez Polanco Juan Sebastián
Published: August 2021

Las exigencias del mercado de la moda y los retos actuales de los diseñadores han llevado a que estos se reinventen dentro de una industria que toma cada vez más fuerza. El conocimiento jurídico de su organización empresarial es vital para su funcionamiento, la elección de un buen modelo societario y la identificación de los recursos son la clave en el momento cero. El aprovechamiento de la Propiedad Intelectual y la tecnología en su negocio dará un sello de distintividad en el mercado que resultará en un mejor posicionamiento. Contar con activos intangibles, de forma exclusiva, y saberlos gestionar dará al emprendedor puntos adicionales en la carrera por conseguir clientes.
Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y el diseño
Authors: Bello Knoll Susy Inés
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza la evolución de la preocupación internacional por la sostenibilidad y los objetivos que se han planteado a nivel global hasta llegar a la Agenda 2030. Analiza los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible desde el diseño destacando el juego armónico entre ellos que permite a los profesionales realizar una contribución para el futuro común planteado por Naciones Unidas.
​Weed Control using Pre-emergence Herbicide Strip Application System Along with Sowing/Planting Devices
Authors: Potdar R.R. , Tiwari P.S. , Singh D. , Shukla Prabhakar , Jyoti Bikram , Parmar B.S.
Published: August 2021

A 6-row pre-emergence herbicide strip-application system was designed and developed at ICAR-CIAE, Bhopal as an attachment to inclined-plate planter to apply herbicide at the time of sowing in widely spaced crops to control weeds along the crop rows, often not possible in mechanical weeding. It consisted of a frame on which 6 flat fan spray nozzles were mounted by means of clamps, a single action piston pump with 9 l/min capacity, pressure regulator valve and pressure gauge and pressure pipes. The spacing between the spray nozzles, angle and height of spray nozzles can be varied by adjusting the clamps. The developed system has ability of strip as well as blanket application of herbicide. The same machine can be used as post-emergence herbicide/pesticide applicator after the removal of furrow openers and increasing the height of nozzles from the ground. The machine was tested and evaluated during Kharif season for soybean and pigeon pea crops. The field capacity of the developed system was found to be 0.4 ha/h. The operating cost of the pre-emergence herbicide applicator with inclined plate planter was worked out as Rs 1350/- per ha. It can save about 40-50% herbicide.
Rooftop Gardening a Modern Approach of Production in Urban Areas: A Review
Authors: Choudhary Mukesh , Rawat Abha
Published: August 2021

In our urbanizing society, urban horticulture is gaining relevance due to its potential to increase resource efficiency, contribute to city food security and enhance associated ecosystem and social services. In cities, however, spaces available for cultivation are limited, thus leading to the need to explore innovative growing solutions, for instance, plant cultivation on building rooftops. While rooftop horticulture experiences are “sprouting” all over the world, scientific evidence on the most suitable growing solutions, policies and potential benefits is growing. The present review will address the main features of rooftop horticulture, providing an interdisciplinary assessment of different approaches for development and the multi-faceted forms that rooftop horticulture may assume in different contexts, bringing together existing experiences as well as suggestions for planning of future sustainable cities.In some urban rooftop gardens mineral fertilizers and pesticides are used.This article work will help to understand rooftop gardening and to conduct future research work on rooftop gardens.
Learning in the Sanitation and Hygiene Sector
Authors: House Sarah
Published: August 2021

This SLH Learning Paper summarises the key learning from a rapid topic exploration on 'Learning in the Sanitation and Hygiene Sector'. The study looked at how people in the WASH sector learn, the processes utilised and what works best, as well as the barriers and challenges to learning. It looks at learning from communities and peer-to-peer and how the learning gets translated into action at scale. How do you think we learn best? What barriers do you see and experience that make it more difficult for us to learn? And what steps should be taking to reduce the barriers and improve how to learn more effectively? This paper shares the lessons from sector and associated actors working in low- and middle-income contexts around the world and makes recommendation on how to strengthen learning and sharing processes, as well as building capacities and confidence for learning, with the ultimate aim of turning that learning into action at scale.
MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA, KEMAMPUAN MEMAHAMI BACAAN, DAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN SUSTAINED SILENT READING (SSR) DAN READING RESPONSE [IMPROVING STUDENTS' READING INTEREST, READING COMPREHENSION, AND CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINED SILENT READING (SSR) AND READING RESPONSE]
Authors: Marmita Listya
Published: August 2021

Reading is one of the many skills which is taught in Indonesian language lessons. During lessons, students are usually asked to read a passage of text and answer comprehension questions. This makes reading activities less interesting. Since students are not able to find enjoyment in reading and they gain limited vocabulary. Consequently, students think that the Indonesian language is hard to master. Students’ reading interest, reading comprehension and critical thinking skills are low. This situation has urged the researcher to apply Sustained Silent Reading (SSR) and Reading Response as an alternative solution to the problem, as an act of improvement. Through the method of class action research, this research aims to describe the process of implementing Sustained Silent Reading (SSR) and Reading Response; analyse the development of students’ reading interest, reading comprehension and critical thinking skills; and also to describe the constrains during the implementation. Data has been collected with field notes, observation and scores of the students’ work using rubrics. The research consists of 3 cycles after which data was processed qualitatively and analysed descriptively. The research showed that students’ reading interest, comprehension and critical thinking skill had improved.
MENINGKATKAN SIKAP TOLERANSI PADA DOMAIN AFEKTIF, KOGINITIF DAN PERILAKU SISWA DALAM INTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DAN BUDI PEKERTI MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE FILMED ROLE-PLAY [INCREASING TOLERANCE IN STUDENTS' AFFECTIVE, COGNITIVE, AND BEHAVIOUR DOMAINS THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF CHRISTIANITY AND MORAL STUDIES USING THE FILMED ROLE-PLAY METHOD]
Authors: Stephanie Stephanie
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is a religion based country. Religion studies should be positioned as school’s curriculum priority, both in public and private school. Integrated Christianity and moral studies might be the solution of conflicts within family, school, community, both national and international societies. One of many values that urgently needs to be promoted is an attitude of tolerance in facing our multicultural society. School as an educational institution has an important role in teaching tolerance skill to students as early age. One of the challenges is finding the right method to deliver the abstract concepts to children who are in the stage of pre-operational concrete. This research has done an introductionary study towards the bullying case that happened earlier in the researchers workplace 4th and 5th graders within 4 months. Therefore, this research address the urgency of an integrated curriculum of Christianity studies with moral studies practices, specifically on multicultural values through experiential learning with filmed role-play. Research was conducted in XYZ School for primary 3, 4 and 5. This instructional strategy resulted in increase of attitude of tolerance both in cognitive and behavior domain, but has no increase in the affective domain. All respondents agree by implementing filmed role-play has contributed to their deeper understanding towards the concept of tolerance.
Heat Stress and its Impact on Plant Function: An Update
Authors: Kumar Anand , Kaushik Prashant
Published: August 2021

An astonishing increase in temperature is posing several harmful impacts on crop plants. Heat stress is an abiotic environmental phenomenon that causes limits, inhibits plant growth, metabolism, and productivity worldwide, resulting in losses in production yields. Heat stress is caused by human activities and global warming,s such as greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapour. There are many pieces of evidence to support that heat stress reduces the crop plants yield worldwide, and the effects of heat stress are challenging to meet nutritional security and global food security for human beings. Heat stress has negative impacts on each developmental stage, including from germination to harvesting. Prevalent approaches for heat adaption is inadequate management that is unable either to increase the crop productivity or sustain ld. Several responses to dissect the relevant knowledge about heat stress mechanism involving morphological phenomena, physiological phenomena, reproductive replies, and molecular responses such as heat shock proteins act as mRNA synthesis, mRNA control (effects of genes during heat stress), the translation process, heat response element. There are such phenomena involving disseminating the knowledge concerning heat stress. In this review, we summarise the effect of heat stress on plant mechanisms, including morphological, biochemical and molecular responses.
Carbon Farming: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Kaushal Rajesh , Kaushik Prashant , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: August 2021

Carbon farming is a capable strategy for more sustainable production of food and other related products. It seeks to produce the diverse array of natural farming methods and marketable products simultaneously. In agroforestry system, carbon sequestration is done by incorporating carbon dioxide (CO2) into plant biomass via photosynthesis. Carbon is, thus, stored in reserves of above-ground biomass, such as timber or branches, and below-ground biomass such as roots, or organic carbon in the soil. In addition to the significance of carbon sequestration in climate change mitigation, soil organic carbon (SOC) is an imperative indicator for the soil health as well as fertility. The change in SOC can explain whether the land use pattern degrades or improves the soil fertility. SOC, found in the soil in the form of soil organic matter (SOM), helps to improve soil health either directly or indirectly. Its direct consequence is related to the process of mineralization. Further, agroforestry is highly capable of generating huge amounts of bio-mass. In fact, agroforestry is believed to be particularly suitable for replenishment of SOC. Therefore, efforts should be made to convince farmers for their resource-use efficiency and soil conserving ability in order to get maximum benefits out of agriculture. According to food and agriculture organization (FAO,) agriculture, forestry, and other land use practices account for 24% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and total global livestock emissions of 7.1 gigatons of CO2-equivalent per year, representing 14.5% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions. Agroforestry system that deliberately integrates trees and crops with livestock in the agricultural production could potentially increase carbon sequestration and decrease GHG emission from the terrestrial ecosystems, thus, helping in global climatic change mitigation. This study, therefore, aimed at clarification about carbon farming, modifications in carbon cycle and carbon sequestration during agricultural development in addition to benefits of agroforestry.
Pengaruh Pendekatan M-APOS Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Tangerang
Authors: Noviana Widyah , Suyono Suyono , Hakim Lukman El
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan M-APOS terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam belajar matematika. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang dan SMP Negeri 4 Tangerang tahun ajaran 2015-2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode quasi experiment. Sampel penelitian diperoleh melalui teknik random sampling sebanyak 100 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 50 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 50 siswa kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian telah diuji cobakan kepada 36 siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang. Setelah melalui proses uji validitas dengan rumus Product Moment didapat 7 soal yang valid dari 7 soal yang ada serta reliabel dengan rumus Alpha Cronbach. Sebelum data di analisis, dilakukan uji prasyarat yaitu uji normalitas menggunakan uji Liliefors dan uji homogenitas menggunakan Levene-Test. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan didapat bahwa data kedua kelompok berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji-t diperoleh  dan 1,6637. Karena  maka  ditolak. Simpulannya adalah terdapat perbedaan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dengan menggunakan pendekatan M-APOS dan pembelajaran ekspositori. Hal ini juga  menyatakan bahwa kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa yang diberi perlakuan pendekatan M-APOS lebih tinggi dibandingkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa yang diberi pendekatan ekspositori.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Core Math Tools Terhadap Kemampuan Visual Thinking Matematik Siswa
Authors: Kustiawati Dedek , Dwirahayu Gelar , Alhadi Mauludin hafiz , Alhadi Mauludin hafiz
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan visual thinking matematik siswa yang diajarkan dengan media aplikasi core math tools dan yang diajarkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional serta menganalisis perbedaan kemampuan visual thinking matematik antar siswa yang diajarkan dengan media aplikasi core math tools dan siswa yang diajar dengan media pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MAN 19 Jakarta Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Randomized Control Group Posttest Only, yang melibatkan 70 siswa sebagai sampel. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kemampuan visual thinking matematik siswa yang diajar dengan media aplikasi core math tools lebih tinggi dari pada siswa yang diajar dengan media pembelajaran kovensional. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata hasil tes kemampuan visual thinking matematik siswa yang diajar dengan media aplikasi core math tools adalah sebesar 60,89 dan nilai rata-rata hasil tes kemampuan visual thinking matematik siswa yang diajar dengan media pembelajaran konvensional adalah sebesar 41,61 (thitung = 5,39 dan ttabel = 2,00). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa pembelajaran matematika pada pokok bahasan Menggambar Grafik Trigonometri dengan menggunakan media aplikasi core math tools berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan visual thinking matematik siswa dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional.
Tahap Preliminary Research Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Komputer pada Materi Transformasi SMA/MA
Authors: Rahmi Arifa , Armiati Armiati , Syarifuddin Hendra
Published: August 2021

The human life aspectâ€™s is concerned with measure activities that geometry context, such as study of plane, space, size and position. Studentsâ€™ faced the difficulty in understanding concept and interpreting of direction of a transformed geometry object. To solved this difficulty studentsâ€™ need mathematics learning media which able to clarify transformation context. The aim of this research to know the characteristics and description of mathematics learning media of based computer on geometry transformation context which is should be preliminary research phase. This research was using Plomp model. This model consist to preliminary research phase. This research found that mathematics learning media of based computer on the geometry transformation context was preliminary research phase.