bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oscillatory Flow of Couple Stress Fluid Flow over a Contaminated Fluid Sphere with Slip Condition
Authors: Parasa Naga Lakshmi Devi  , Phani Kumar Meduri
Published: July 2023

This research paper aims at finding the analytic solution for an oscillatory flow of couple stress fluid flow over a contaminated fluid sphere, filled with a couple stress fluid which is considered with interfacial slip on the boundary. The stream functions and drags related to the findings were analytically obtained. The special cases as a result of this are deduced for drag force which satisfies with the available data mentioned in the literature. The numerical values that were obtained are represented in both tabular and graphical forms for ease of representation. It has also been observed that in the case of viscous fluid, there is an inverse relation between real drag, slip parameter and viscosity ratio. It was also found that, there is a direct relation between imaginary drag, slip parameter and viscosity ratio respectively. For instance, in the case of the couple stress fluid, at lower values of the couple stress parameter there is a reduction in real drag, and an increase in imaginary drag respectively. These findings can result in future research considering body forces and other non-Newtonian fluids
MHD Radiative Casson Fluid Flow through Forchheimer Permeable Medium with Joule Heating Influence
Authors: Shaik Jaffrullah  , Wuriti Sridhar  , G Raghavendra Ganesh
Published: July 2023

In the current study, Casson fluid flow over an inclined non-linear surface through Darcy-Forchhiemer permeable medium is analysed numerically with the influences of effects viscous dissipation, MHD, radiation, chemical reaction, and Joule heating. The governed PDE of the problem are converted to non-linear ODE using suitable similarity conversions. The ODE are solved using the Keller Box method. The influence of parameters is analysed by constructing velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. The velocity profile decreases for raising values of the Casson parameter and Magnetic parameter and increases for the permeability parameter. Temperature increases for progressive values of the radiation parameter, Dofour parameter, and Concentration profile decreases for the chemical reaction parameter. Also, to validate the numerical method local parameters are also computed and compared with existing work
The effect of irrigating solutions on the hydration of tricalcium silicate cements: an in vitrostudy
Authors: Shreya K. Shivani , G. Deepthi  , Moinuddin Md Khwaja , R. Pallavi  , Reddy Asha , Reddy Amulya
Published: July 2023

Background:Calcium silicate cements are hydraulic cements, routinely used for perforation repairs. During such repairs, these cements are invariably exposed to irrigating solutions.Aim:This study aimed to understand the effect of irrigating solutions on the hydration of calcium silicate cements. Materials and Methods:Sixty extracted teeth were taken and horizontal sections of 2mm were obtained. These samples were randomly divided into two groups viz. Biodentine and BioMTA Plus groups later these cements were condensed into the canal spaces and allowed to set until their setting time. These samples were further subdivided and allowed to encounter three irrigating solutions viz. Normal saline, 17% EDTA, and 2% Chlorhexidine for 5 minutes. These were allowed to mature in an incubatorfor seven days and subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis.Results: The SEM analysis of the Biodentine/control group displayed a petal-like appearance, with a Ca/Si ratio of 2. Whereas, the Biodentine/Normal saline,Biodentine/17% EDTA and Biodentine/2% Chlorhexidine group displayed crumbled paper-like appearance. The Ca/Si ratios for the Biodentine/Normal saline, Biodentine/17% EDTA and Biodentine/2% Chlorhexidine were 2.72, 1.6, and 4.21,respectively. In the BioMTA Plus group, all the SEM analyses displayed round crystalline structures in all groups. The Ca/Si ratio of BioMTA Plus/Control,BioMTA Plus/17% EDTA and BioMTA Plus/2% Chlorhexidine were25.5, 17.42, 24.1, and 39.4, respectively.Conclusion:The study concluded that the irrigating solutions did not affect the hydration mechanism of Biodentine and BioMTA Plus despite the variations in the Ca/Si ratios and surface morphology.
MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN MODEL JEMBATAN KELEDAI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Purwitri Heni
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the increase in and learning outcomes after the implementation of learning model Donkey Bridge dan Contextual Teaching and Learning. This research is classroom action research (PTK) is conducted in two cycles. The subjects were students of class V MIN 1 Kota Tasikmalaya totaling 20 pupils. Collecting data using observation method for learning activities and methods of testing for learning outcomes. Data were analyzed to determine the mean percentage. The results showed that an increase in the percentage of learning activities and learning outcomes. At the first cycle average percentage of students learning outcomes in action I amounted to 70,95 (low category) and action II amounted to 75,95 (middle category) with learning activities amounted to 50% (low category). At the second cycle the average percentage of students learning outcomes amounted to 87,90 (high category) and action II amounted to 92,75 (high category) with learning activities amounted to 90% (high category). The implementation of Donkey Bridge dan Contextual Teaching and Learning prove to increase the level of learning outcomes significantly and be able to improve students’s activities.
MENGANALISIS KESIAPAN MADRASAH MENGHADAPI ASESSMEN KOMPETENSI MADRASAH INDONESIA
Authors: Oktaviani Eka
Published: July 2023

Indonesia's education system has changed and developed for the better. In the Ministry of Religious Affairs, this was marked by the existence of the Indonesian Madrasah Competency Assessment (AKMI). The assessments given include reading literacy, numeracy literacy, science literacy, socio-cultural literacy, and character surveys. MTSN 2 Bekasi City in 2022 got the first opportunity to implement the assessment. The researcher used the field research to qualitatively analyze the readiness of MTSN 2 Bekasi City in facing AKMI, such as the readiness of facilities and infrastructure, teacher readiness, and student readiness, as well as the obstacles faced in implementing the assessment. From this research, the readiness of facing AKMI was about 80%. This is also evidenced by the AKMI’s report card which is on average of capable and developing. The rest 20% are obstacles faced by the madrasah in terms of inadequate rooms, computers, as well as other technical obstacles. The results are also evaluation material for the madrasah so that in the future AKMI will be prepared very carefully to minimize existing obstacles. This includes serving as a resource for teachers to provide additional stimulation and mentoring to students who are still at a fundamental level, so that they may become more capable and skilled by providing a space for creativity.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Sutrisna Dindin
Published: July 2023

Mathematical instruction at MTsN 5 continues to employ traditional methods, in which the dominant teacher actively imparts knowledge via the lecture method. Students are not actively engaged, they listen, write, and take notes, so that learning mathematics becomes monotonous and makes them difficult to comprehend the material. Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted using a mathematically realistic approach. How are the activities and learning outcomes using a realistic mathematics approach? This research method employs classroom action research which consists of a series of stages beginning with planning, action, observation, and reflection. Observation guidelines, field notes, interview sheets, final evaluation, and student worksheets were utilized for data collection. The data were analyzed and reflected using qualitative methods, whereas numerical data were processed using quantitative methods. Students who were initially less enthusiastic and less active were able to alter their attitude patterns and become enthusiastic, active, and full of confidence. The findings can be seen from student learning activities, particularly in discussions that are quite good. There is cooperation, exchanging ideas, explaining to each other (peer tutors), mutual support and task sharing in groups, responsibility in problem-solving, and critical thinking. They are not awkward to argue with group members or with other groups as well. To sum up, student achievement in learning Mathematics using a realistic mathematics approach has increased significantly in each cycle.
SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN ISLAMIC STUDIES (Concepts and Relevance in Society)
Authors: Malik Muh Syauqi , Maulida Arina Zulva , Maslahah Maslahah
Published: July 2023

Diversity does not always get a positive response from the community because diversity often conflicts with developing cultures. This article aims to discover the sociological approach in Islamic studies. The library research method is used with a variety of relevant sources. The study results indicate that the sociological characteristics of Islamic studies emphasize muamalah worship rather than ubudiyah. Theories in the sociological approach include functional theory, interactional theory, and conflict theory. Sociological methods in Islamic studies include descriptive, comparative, and experimental methods. Islamic sociology pays attention to problems developed in society, such as the prohibition of usury, reducing the divorce rate, and socio-political comparability. This article also contains a case analysis of society's sociological approach.Keywords: Sociological Approach; Sociology; Islamic Studies
MENAKAR EFEKTIVITAS PENYULUH INFORMASI PUBLIK DI WILAYAH 3T
Authors: Hendriani Sri , Kusumadewi Angki
Published: July 2023

This study seeks to describe the significance of public information extension officers in remote, underprivileged, and frontier areas. Counseling's competency, method, means, content, and outcomes will be discussed in light of Laswell's communication theory. Through surveys of 399 respondents and conversations with 180 selected opinion leaders, information was gathered. The analysis was conducted using a combination of techniques. Results indicated that public information extension workers performed effectively, and the program's efficacy indicated that it was effective as well. Key words: extension officer; competences; communication; information disclosure
How to Study Early Popular Engagement with Nationalism: Sources, Strategies, Research Traditions
Authors: Berecz Ágoston
Published: July 2023

The article combines methodological considerations with an overview of the literature on early popular nationalism, in which studies on Central and Eastern Europe occupy pride of place. Within these thematic confines, my aim is to give a broad sense of the methodological challenges of writing history from below. After a brief sketch of the problem area, I pass to the question of demarcating and contextualizing modern nationalism and discuss a few conventionally used indicators of national allegiances (tax discipline, draft evasion, turnout at national festivals, abidance by linguistic standards). Subsequently, the major part of the paper is organized according to the source types that historians have utilized to explore the relationship of the lower classes to the national paradigm: archival sources, folklore and ethnographic material, various kinds of egodocuments, press reportage, readers’ columns, and non-narrative sources. I address the interpretive issues that each source type raises, citing abundant examples from the literature, including my own research.
Linguistic Decolonization in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s Decolonizing the Mind
Authors: Rani Mamta
Published: July 2023

Decolonizing the Mind by Ngugi Wa Thiong’o is a seminal work that highlights the importance of language in the process of decolonization. Thiong’o argues that colonization is not just a political and economic phenomenon but also a linguistic one. He asserts that colonizers imposed their languages on the colonized peoples, which led to the loss of cultural identity and self-esteem for the colonized. He refers to this as linguistic imperialism. He believes that decolonization must involve a rejection of the imposed languages and a return to native languages to reclaim cultural autonomy. He emphasizes the importance of linguistic decolonization as a necessary step in the broader process of decolonization. He asserts that language is the most potent vehicle of culture, and any attack on language is an attack on culture. Therefore, decolonization must involve the reassertion of the linguistic heritage of the colonized people. He argues that education plays a crucial role in promoting linguistic decolonization. Education should be restructured to reflect the linguistic and cultural diversity of the colonized people. The imposition of the colonizers’ languages in the education system is detrimental to the cultural identity of the colonized. This paper highlights Thiong’o strong rejection of European languages from Africa’s educational, cultural and political sphere to decolonize the very thought process.
The Impact of Star-formation-rate Surface Density on the Electron Density and Ionization Parameter of High-redshift Galaxies*
Authors: Reddy Naveen A. , Sanders Ryan L. , Shapley Alice E. , Topping Michael W. , Kriek Mariska , Coil Alison L. , Mobasher Bahram , Siana Brian , Rezaee Saeed
Published: July 2023

We use the large spectroscopic data set of the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey to investigate some of the key factors responsible for the elevated ionization parameters (U) inferred for high-redshift galaxies, focusing in particular on the role of star-formation-rate surface density (ΣSFR). Using a sample of 317 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts z
spec ≃ 1.9–3.7, we construct composite rest-frame optical spectra in bins of ΣSFR and infer electron densities, n
e, using the ratio of the [O ii] λ
λ3727, 3730 doublet. Our analysis suggests a significant (≃3σ) correlation between n
e and ΣSFR. We further find significant correlations between U and ΣSFR for composite spectra of a subsample of 113 galaxies, and for a smaller sample of 25 individual galaxies with inferences of U. The increase in n
e—and possibly also the volume filling factor of dense clumps in H ii regions—with ΣSFR appear to be important factors in explaining the relationship between U and ΣSFR. Further, the increase in n
e and SFR with redshift at a fixed stellar mass can account for most of the redshift evolution of U. These results suggest that the gas density, which sets n
e and the overall level of star formation activity, may play a more important role than metallicity evolution in explaining the elevated ionization parameters of high-redshift galaxies.
Rotation in Event Horizon Telescope Movies
Authors: Conroy Nicholas S. , Bauböck Michi , Dhruv Vedant , Lee Daeyoung , Broderick Avery E. , Chan Chi-kwan , Georgiev Boris , Joshi Abhishek V. , Prather Ben , Gammie Charles F.
Published: July 2023

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has produced images of M87* and Sagittarius A*, and will soon produce time sequences of images, or movies. In anticipation of this, we describe a technique to measure the rotation rate, or pattern speed Ω
p
, from movies using an autocorrelation technique. We validate the technique on Gaussian random field models with a known rotation rate and apply it to a library of synthetic images of Sgr A* based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations. We predict that EHT movies will have Ω
p
≈ 1° per GMc
−3, which is of order 15% of the Keplerian orbital frequency in the emitting region. We can plausibly attribute the slow rotation seen in our models to the pattern speed of inward-propagating spiral shocks. We also find that Ω
p
depends strongly on inclination. Application of this technique will enable us to compare future EHT movies with the clockwise rotation of Sgr A* seen in near-infrared flares by GRAVITY. Pattern speed analysis of future EHT observations of M87* and Sgr A* may also provide novel constraints on black hole inclination and spin, as well as an independent measurement of black hole mass.
Marine pollution between gyres: plastic debris in marine turtles and dolphins in French Guiana, Equatorial Atlantic
Authors: Emmonot Flore , Siegrist Blandine , Bordin Amandine , Dos Reis Virginie , Chevallier Damien , Estevez Yannick , De Thoisy Benoit
Published: July 2023

Plastic pollution has not raised much attention until the 2000s, despite being manufactured for about a century. It is now considered one of the most substantial environmental issues. Here we investigate the presence of plastic contamination in 34 stranded animals on the coast of French Guiana, South America. Here we present information highlighting the magnitude of plastic contamination in marine coastal and pelagic tropical marine vertebrates on the Equatorial Atlantic coast of South America. All four species studied here are protected and emblematic vertebrates of the region, with a fragile conservation status, including the olive ridley turtle Lepidochelys olivacea, the green turtle Chelonia mydas and the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea, and a small cetacean, the Guiana dolphin Sotalia guianensis. Macroplastics (polypropylene, polyethylene, terephthalate, and polystyrene) were detected in four juvenile green turtles. Microplastics (polypropylene, polyethylene, terephthalate, polystyrene, nylon, acrylates, polycarbonates) were found in 13 individuals (two dolphins, six olive ridleys, four green turtles, and the leatherback turtle). The sampled species have different diets, distribution patterns, and ages, suggesting widespread plastic pollution. The study area is located far from the oceanic gyres. However, they are influenced by the North Brazilian Current, the Amazon River, and other rivers of the Guianas.
Heavy metals in crevalle jack, Caranx hippos, and their non-intestinal parasitic helminths from Playa las Barrancas, Alvarado, Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Montoya-Mendoza Jesús , González-González Elizabeth , Castañeda-Chávez María Del Refugio , Lango-Reynoso Fabiola , Moran-Silva Ángel
Published: July 2023

In nine Caranx hippos specimens, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu concentration was determined in tissues (muscle and gonad) and parasites (nematodes and cestodes). The fish were caught from February to June 2019 in Las Barrancas, Alvarado Beach, Veracruz, Mexico. Heavy metals were quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results of the average concentration of pollutants were, Cr = 0.18 ± 0.05 mg kg-1 dry weight (dw); Cu = 0.2 ± 0.1 mg kg-1 dw; Pb = 0.022 ± 0.01 mg kg-1 dw; Cd = <0.003 mg kg-1 dw. Among the tissues, Cu was the one with the highest concentration in nematodes vs. cestodes (2.2:1); vs. gonad (2.5:1); vs. muscle (2.7:1). Due to the concentration registered in Caranginema americanum nematodes could be identified as a bioindicator species for Cu pollutant. The values generally do not exceed the limits established in the Mexican National Standard (NOM-242-SSA1-2009) for Cd and Pb (0.5 mg kg-1). Records of heavy metals do not represent a health risk from consuming C. hippos.
New national and regional Annex I Habitat records: from #60 to #82
Authors: Morabito Antonio , Allegrezza Marina , Angiolini Claudia , Bagella Simonetta , Bazan Giuseppe , Bonini Federica , Camilletti Mattia , Cannucci Silvia , Caria Maria Carmela , Crisafulli Alessandro , de Simone Leopoldo , Esposito Assunta , Fanfarillo Emanuele , Farris Emmanuele , Fiaschi Tiberio , Gianguzzi Lorenzo , Gigante Daniela , Guarino Riccardo , Ilardi Vincenzo , Mascia Francesco , Mei Giacomo , Musarella Carmelo Maria , Patera Glauco , Ravo Maria , Sciandrello Saverio , Spampinato Giovanni , Stinca Adriano , Tavilla Gianmarco , Tesei Giulio , Rivieccio Giovanni
Published: July 2023

New Italian data on the distribution of the Annex I Habitats are reported in this contribution. Specifically, 8 new occurrences in Natura 2000 sites are presented and 49 new cells are added in the EEA 10 km × 10 km reference grid. The new data refer to the Italian administrative regions of Campania, Calabria, Marche, Piedmont, Sardinia, Sicily, Tuscany and Umbria. Relevés and figures are provided as Supplementary material respectively 1 and 2.
Habitats Directive in northern Italy: a series of proposals for habitat definition improvement
Authors: Bonari Gianmaria , Fratte Michele Dalle , Lonati Michele , Caccianiga Marco , Lasen Cesare , Armiraglio Stefano , Barcella Matteo , Buffa Gabriella , Cerabolini Bruno Enrico Leone , Mainetti Andrea , Miserere Luca , Oriolo Giuseppe , Selvaggi Alberto
Published: July 2023

Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) is the cornerstone of nature conservation in Europe and is at the core of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. There is room, however, for its improvement, at least for northern Italy, where ambiguities in the definition of habitat types of Annex I of the Habitats Directive are not novel and interpretation difficulties have been highlighted. Sharpening the characterization of habitat types represents an opportunity for lowering classification uncertainties and improving conservation success. With the aim to refine the definitions of habitat types and associated typical species of the Habitats Directive, a group of vegetation scientists of the Italian Society of Vegetation Science based in northern Italy made the exercise of finding viable proposals for those habitat types having a problematic interpretation in the Alpine biogeographical region of Italy. Such proposals arise from group discussions among scientists, and professionals, thus offering a shared view. We prepared 9 habitat proposals important for this geographic area. They include new habitat types at the European level, new subtypes within pre-existing habitat types, including some adjustments of the recently proposed subtypes with respect to northern Italy, and recognition of priority criteria for a pre-existing habitat type. With a vision of tailored conservation, our proposals represent a starting point in view of a future update of Annex I. Furthermore, the list of typical species could be useful for preparing expert systems for automatic classification. Irrespective of legally binding solutions in place, we caution these proposals represent relevant baseline conservation indications that local and regional administrations of the Alpine Arch should consider.
Digital transformation of high-performing teams
Authors: Zolotina Olga A. , Razumova Tatiana O. , Sotnikov Yaroslav A. , Nastavnyuk Anton V. , Frerichs Hergen
Published: July 2023

The paper studies the impact of the covid-19 pandemic and shift to remote work on team productivity. The purpose of the article is to analyze changes in agile team performance in a virtual format of work and to analyze risks and opportunities for management solutions to maintain or improve their work productivity. The study provides a literature review and empirical analysis of high-performing teams in the Russian companies. In the empirical part, the authors first conduct interviews with heads of HR-departments to collect general information on high-performing teams and risks, appeared after transition to remote work, and then study opinions of high-performing teams’ members to assess their own attitude to changes in work productivity in 2019-2021. In the result section the authors show changes in the management views and recognition of the hybrid and virtual team capabilities and demonstrate that recent agile team concepts are based more on partially-remote work and focus on individual rather than collaborative work and face-to-face work periods for innovative activities and team-building of agile project members as the way to maintain their high productivity.
Measuring What Matters: A Qualitative Study of the Relevance and Clinical Utility of PROMIS Surveys in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kasturi Shanthini , Ahearn Emily L. , Batterman Adena , Horton Roberta , Kleinman Juliette , Rose-Smith Jillian , LeClair Amy M. , Mandl Lisa A.
Published: July 2023

Objective

To evaluate the relevance and clinical utility of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) surveys in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

Adults with SLE receiving routine outpatient care at a tertiary care academic medical center participated in a qualitative study. Patients completed PROMIS computerized adaptive tests (CATs) in 12 selected domains and rated the relevance of each domain to their experience with SLE. Focus groups and interviews were conducted to elucidate the relevance of the PROMIS surveys, identify additional domains of importance, and explore the utility of the surveys in clinical care. Focus group and interview transcripts were coded, and a thematic analysis was performed using an iterative inductive process.

Results

Twenty-eight women and 4 men participated in 4 focus groups and 4 interviews, respectively. Participants endorsed the relevance and comprehensiveness of the selected PROMIS domains in capturing the effect of SLE on their lives. They ranked fatigue, pain interference, sleep disturbance, physical function, and applied cognition abilities as the most salient health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains. They suggested that the disease-agnostic PROMIS questions holistically captured their lived experience of SLE and its common comorbidities. Participants were enthusiastic about using PROMIS surveys in clinical care and described potential benefits in enabling disease monitoring and management, facilitating communication, and empowering patients.

Conclusion

PROMIS includes the HRQOL domains that are of most importance to individuals with SLE. Patients suggest that these universal tools can holistically capture the impact of SLE and enhance routine clinical care.
Vivienda, patrimonio e identidad en el artesanado de la Valencia bajomedieval: la casa-obrador del maestro carpintero
Authors: Izquierdo Aranda Teresa
Published: July 2023

Este artículo explora la forma en que la vivienda del artesanado en el periodo bajomedieval funcionó como espacio doméstico y productivo, siendo un entorno vital complejo y fluido. Se pregunta sobre el régimen de propiedad de la misma prevalente entre el artesanado, así como sobre las dinámicas que se desarrollaron en este espacio en el que discurría la vida familiar, con todo el cúmulo de experiencias que comportaba. Se centra en el ejemplo del maestro carpintero, ya que la corporación de carpinteros de Valencia abarcaba tanto a carpinteros en sentido estricto, como a maestros de obras, pintores e imagineros. La metodología de análisis se basa en la exploración de fuentes documentales, en particular de protocolos notariales y procesos judiciales, que contienen los registros de los bienes muebles de la casa. Paralelamente, la inspección desvela indicios sobre la estructura del domicilio y su dotación, que nos ayudan a entender el funcionamiento interno de los hogares medievales, cómo fueron amueblados y habitados por los maestros, sus esposas e hijos, sus parientes, sirvientes y aprendices. El artículo considera además las nociones ideologías que se proyectaron a través de la cultura material y el tipo de espiritualidad que se desarrolló en la ciudad medieval tardía.
La Inquisición romana entre reformas, cambios dinásticos y aboliciones: los casos de Nápoles y Toscana (1746-1754)
Authors: Cicerchia Andrea
Published: July 2023

Este artículo se propone analizar paralelamente las reformas inquisitoriales impulsadas por el papa Benedicto XIV dentro de su estado territorial y el enfrentamiento que la Santa Sede sostuvo contemporáneamente con los estados italianos de Nápoles y Toscana, donde tras el cambio dinástico se decretaron una serie de medidas jurisdiccionalistas dirigidas a acabar con la presencia de una realidad extranjera —como fue la Inquisición romana— dentro de sus territorios. Del análisis conjunto de ambos hechos se dibuja una realidad compleja de la que se observa cómo si bien, por una parte, el papa Lambertini promulgó medidas reformistas tendentes a revitalizar el funcionamiento del tribunal inquisitorial dentro su estado, por otra parte, tuvo que acomodarse a los cambios y las estrategias políticas que dictaron ambos estados vecinos.
Reflexionar sobre estas coyunturas en el contexto político y eclesiástico italiano, busca argumentar nuestra hipótesis de que el pontificado de Benedicto XIV representó un hito fundamental —como punto de no retorno— en el largo proceso histórico que, desde mediados del siglo XVIII y hasta las primeras décadas del XIX, condicionó todo el sistema inquisitorial moderno hasta su progresiva abolición.
Campesinado y paisaje en la Edad Media: Modos de ver, modos de habitar
Authors: Carvajal Castro Álvaro
Published: July 2023

Este estudio crítico analiza dos libros recientemente publicados sobre la percepción campesina del paisaje en la Inglaterra medieval. Se trata de dos obras que ensayan nuevas metodologías para el estudio de los paisajes medievales. Combinan el análisis de los registros escrito y material, con particular atención al análisis de la toponimia, con el fin de recuperar la visión que el campesinado tenía sobre los entornos que habitaba y cómo esa visión, y las formas en la que se expresaba, se fueron transformando con el paso del tiempo. Después de presentar sus marcos teóricos, el estudio hace un breve recorrido por las ideas fundamentales de uno y otro trabajo para, a continuación, considerar de qué manera contribuyen este tipo de aproximaciones a valorar la agencia del campesinado medieval. Finalmente, se realiza una breve reflexión crítica sobre la relevancia de esta línea de investigación.
Opportunities and Challenges in Educator Development
Authors: Nicolaou Constantinos
Published: July 2023

This chapter presents and highlights the potential opportunities and challenges that arise in educator development in the visual-centric and modern lifestyle of the 21st century. More specifically, it seeks to explore this position through the lenses of audiovisual media communications and multiple-multimodal skills. The purpose of this chapter is to awaken the educators in order to re-approach their role and adapt their teaching style. Furthermore, its latent objective is to present the role of technology-enhanced learning in facilitating the internal education quality assurance process. Finally, this chapter also addresses issues of teaching methodology, aiming at quality and efficient teaching in education.
Hydrogen Economy and Fuel Cell Technology
Authors: Ngqalakwezi Athule
Published: July 2023

The improvement in the standard of living due to urbanization and industrialization can without a doubt be accredited to the discovery and use of fossil fuels over the centuries. Although this energy source has had a huge positive impact on the human population, the negatives are just as huge. The continuous use of fossil has been detrimental to the environment and has pushed the world into a paradigm shift where green technology has to be implemented. Hydrogen as an alternative source has intrigued many researchers due to its zero emission characteristic and higher energy content compared to traditional energy sources. Fuel cells which use hydrogen as a fuel source, are the fastest growing clean technologies. Fuel cells are used in both stationary and on-board applications. In this chapter, the hydrogen economy and fuel cell technology are discussed in the South African context and whether or not the complete replacement of fossil fuel with hydrogen is feasible or not.
Hydrogen Technology Integration for Energy Support of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
Authors: Raboaca Maria-Simona , Mihaltan Traian Candin
Published: July 2023

In a case study, this chapter presents scenarios developed with the aim of analyzing two types of energy management strategies dedicated to charging stations for electric vehicles based on photovoltaic energy, having the power reserve provided with or without hydrogen energy support and its associated technologies (fuel cell and electrolyser). The proposed solution, to solve the problem between the amount of available energy and the number of parking spaces for the electric vehicle charging station, works according to the following principle: the system management is designed to work with one to five electric vehicle charging stations. It can be installed from one to five electric vehicle charging stations with a power of 22 kW. In this research, the state of charge of electric vehicles and the management of distributed energy for electric vehicles were monitored.
Hydrogen Safety Issues
Authors: Aydın Ayşenur Öztürk , Yurtcan Ayşe Bayrakçeken
Published: July 2023

Hydrogen energy is a promising source to meet the global energy demand. The adoption of hydrogen energy by society is possible with the installation and operation of reliable hydrogen infrastructures. Hydrogen has some risk factors inherently. The wide flammability range in air, high flame speed, and low minimum ignition energy cause fire and explosion accidents. In addition, hydrogen embrittlement in metals leads to ruptures in equipment and the formation of leakages. Hydrogen refueling stations, commercial hydrogen facilities, nuclear power plants, and laboratories are places that are open to accidents caused by hydrogen equipment failure or wrong human interventions. Determination of standards for safe operation and making quantitative risk analysis assessments help eliminate accidents or mitigate their damaging consequences. This chapter aims to raise awareness about the safety of hydrogen energy by addressing the risks of hydrogen, past accidents, the lessons learned, and the applicable precautions and recommendations against hazards.
Shifting of Paradigm in Buying Behaviour of Digital Natives
Authors: Yong Shee Mun
Published: July 2023

Digital natives are Millennials and Gen Zs who grew up under the ubiquitous influence of the internet and digital technologies. As these generations come of age, they represent the largest group of consumers with spending power on the rise, commanding $360 billion in disposable income, and are expected to take the lead in global market growth on online retail sales. As that figure increases, it raises a question in the business community on ways to market to these digital natives as their spending habits differ drastically from the previous generations. The focus of this chapter is to undertake a more in-depth study on the predictors of their buying behaviour and the relationship between the predictors and their determinants.
Gig Economy Worker
Authors: Haba Herman Fassou
Published: July 2023

This chapter explores gig workers' opinions in terms of the adoption of online platforms for their work. Based on a qualitative research method, this research study has collected secondary data for the purpose of analyzing them with thematic analysis. A total review of 127 were selected using simple random sampling method. The findings identified four main themes to be considered. The first theme is work, concerning the way gig workers find their job and how interesting it is. The second theme is flexibility, showing how the flexibility the share economy brings to gig workers, the third theme is great, demonstrating how great the online platforms are in terms of earning extra income, and last theme is people, because everything turns around people. The significance of this study is essential in terms of understanding the gig economy and gig workers because it can help in terms of the adoption of share economy platforms around the world.
Market Orientation
Authors: Khan Mustafa Rehman , Khan Naveed R. , Rafique Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Market orientation is one of the most widely researched topics in the marketing domain, and has matured over time. The purpose of this chapter is to understand its concept and its gradual growth. The authors put light on the work of four research influencers of this filed, who works in team. First, they proposed a firm base market orientation theory. Second, they view the utile perspective of market orientation. Third, they bring customer perspective of market orientation. And fourth, they introduce the term customer-defined market orientation. Though researchers have conceptualized market orientation differently and bring new contextual factors in the concept, however, all researchers have consensus on the three dimensions of customer-defined market orientation which includes, customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional orientation. Research in this domain reported that a firm who understands and use market orientation makes good profit and remain competitive in the industry in long run.
Study on Sentence and Question Formation Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Venkateswaran N. , Vidhya R. , Naik Darshana A. , Michael Raj T. F. , Munjal Neha , Boopathi Sampath
Published: July 2023

Natural language techniques require less personal information to communicate between computers and people. Generative models can create text for machine translation, summarization, and captioning without the need for dataset labelling. Markov chains and hidden Markov models can also be employed. A language model that can produce sentences word by word was created using RNNs (recurrent neural networks), LSTMs (long short-term memory model), and GRUs (gated recurrent unit). The suggested method compares RNN, LSTM, and GRU networks to see which produces the most realistic text and how training loss varies with iterations. Cloze questions feature alternative responses with distractors, whereas open-cloze questions include instructive phrases with one or more gaps. This chapter provides two novel ways to generate distractors for computer-aided exams that are simple and dependable.
Simplified Systems Thinking
Authors: Eppler Ericka Kathleen , Dash Monalisa , Meador Matthew
Published: July 2023

This chapter explores the people, process, and environment (PPE) approach within post-pandemic online education systems, beginning with foundational systems thinking concepts. It compares multiple systems thinking models, presenting the PPE model's straightforward way. PPE is a “back to the basics” prescriptive model that simplifies systems thinking and defines it as an optimization tool in online education. The study used the PPE approach and Quality Matters concepts as guidelines to analyze three case studies: a preK-12 online school, a degree college, and a corporate learning setting. Using open coding, the results identified commonalities across these reports, showing relationships between established associations to systems thinking principles and the need for more technological awareness, acceptance, and preparedness; improved readiness and adaptability of online systems; and increased learning management system utilization. The PPE model needs further grounded theory development to validate its application in diverse educational landscapes.
University Growth
Authors: Storey Valerie A.
Published: July 2023

This chapter aims to conceptualize e-learning and artificial intelligence as a progression in the geo-historical process of university evolution and expansion in an increasingly globalizing world. Perkin identified five historical periods in university growth: the emergence of the medieval universities and their spread in the feudal order, the demands posed to universities by nation-states and the Enlightenment during the early modern period, the impact of the political and industrial revolutions, and the crisis of mass higher education since 1918. This chapter adds a sixth digital technologies: the role of artificial intelligence and cloud applications. Knowing and reflecting on the history of higher education is essential. Why universities emerged in societies and how they spread globally is relevant to understanding contemporary challenges facing higher education. To this end, the first locations, purposes, organizational structures, and legal frameworks are discussed.
Balancing the Scales
Authors: Storey Valerie A. , Beeman Thomas E.
Published: July 2023

Contemporary literature approaches the role of adjunct faculty in higher education institutions from a deficit perspective. Adjunct faculty have reached a tipping point as they are now indispensable in doctoral program development and delivery. Crossing the tipping point requires the adjunct narrative to transition to an asset perspective in order to balance the scales. The consequences and implications of tipping the scales in favor of adjuncts as opposed to tenured faculty are explored in relation to university quality of education, governance, and leveraging the silent voice of adjuncts for the institutional strategy. Recommendations are presented to inform Higher Education Institution leaders and governance boards.
Initiatives and Innovation in Community and Technical Colleges
Authors: Young-Babb Tonia
Published: July 2023

This chapter explores the relationship between higher education leadership and organizational innovation. Through their actions, leaders can guide organizations toward becoming more innovative. Visionary leaders initiate and implement changes that help a higher education institution adapt to the rapidly changing higher education market. The chapter specifically focuses on how leaders are in a key position to drive organizational innovation through their leadership behavior. It also delves into how higher education leaders support innovation by influencing strategic decisions, policies, and procedures. Leaders in higher education who support innovation and flexibility can be seen as key agents for promoting changes by displaying commitment to it and effectively communicating with employees at all levels of the hierarchical structure. Finally, the chapter explores varying leadership styles to enhance an evolving understanding of how change occurs in higher education.
Reimagining Teacher Education in the United States
Authors: Ceglie Robert John , Thornburg Amy W. , Abernathy Dixie F. , Conway Cassandra Sligh
Published: July 2023

The preparation of highly qualified teachers is one of the most important factors when considering the education of our children. Teacher preparation programs are largely responsible for teacher training and are therefore in a key position to lead the profession to ensure teachers are equipped with the best, most relevant and effective theory, practices, and strategies. In this chapter, it is argued that we are at an important juncture in the training of future teachers. As such, the chapter presents several areas that a reimagined teacher preparation program should focus on. It explores the important roles in teacher licensure, focuses on teaching for diversity, explores new recruitment and retention practices for teachers and changes needed in curriculum as well as how all of these can have a positive impact future of teacher education programs.
Improving Tunisian Higher Education Through Revising Language Policies
Authors: Rahal Aicha
Published: July 2023

This chapter explores and analyzes publications on language policies in Tunisia and compares Tunisian research to the international scenario. The comparison is based on Ricento's book Language Policy: Theory and Method and Johnson's book Language Policy. The study discussed in the chapter aims to contribute to the limited literature on language policy in Tunisia. It may provide Tunisian scholars, educators, and policymakers insight into the current state of language policy implementation in higher education.
Insulator Fault Detection From UAV Images Using YOLOv5
Authors: Suryanarayana S. Venkata , Koushik Katakam , Sevugan Prabu
Published: July 2023

Identification of insulator defects is one of the most important goals of an intelligent examination of high-voltage transmission lines. Because they provide mechanical support for electric transmission lines as well as electrical insulation, insulators are essential to the secure and reliable operation of power networks. A fresh dataset is first built by collecting aerial pictures in various scenes that have one or more defects. A feature pyramid network and an enhanced loss function are used by the CSPD-YOLO model to increase the precision of insulator failure detection. The insulator defective data set, which has two classes (insulator, defect), is used by the suggested technique to train and test the model using the YOLOv5 object detection algorithm. The authors evaluate how well the YOLOv3, YOLOv5, and related families perform when trained on the insulator defective dataset. Practitioners can use this information to choose the appropriate technique based on the insulator defective dataset.
Intrusion Detection on NF-BoT-IoT Dataset Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Aarthi G. , Sharon Priya S. , Aisha Banu W.
Published: July 2023

The rapid development of internet of things (IoT) applications has created enormous possibilities, increased our productivity, and made our daily life easier. However, because of resource limitations and processing, IoT networks are open to number of threats. The network instruction detection system (NIDS) aims to provide a variety of methods for identifying the increasingly common cyberattacks (such as distributed denial of service [DDoS], denial of service [DoS], theft, etc.) and to prevent hazardous activities. In order to determine which algorithm is more effective in detecting network threats, multiple public datasets and different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are evaluated. Some of the learning algorithms like logistic regression, random forest, decision tree, naive bayes, auto-encoder, and artificial neural network were analysed and concluded on the NF-BoT-IoT dataset using various evaluation metrics. In order to train the model for future anomaly detection prediction and analysis, the feature extraction and pre-processing data were then supplied into NIDS as data.
Accuracy Determination
Authors: Raagav Rithun , Kalyanaraman P. , Megala G.
Published: July 2023

The internet of things (IoT) links several intelligent gadgets, providing consumers with a range of advantages. Utilizing an intrusion detection system (IDS) is crucial to resolving this issue and ensuring information security and reliable operations. Deep convolutional network (DCN), a specific IDS, has been developed, but it has significant limitations. It learns slowly and might not categorise correctly. These restrictions can be addressed with the aid of deep learning (DL) techniques, which are frequently utilised in secure data management, imaging, and signal processing. They provide capabilities including reuse, weak transfer learning, and module integration. The proposed method increases the effectiveness of training and the accuracy of detection. Utilising pertinent datasets, experimental investigations have been carried out to assess the proposed system. The outcomes show that the system's performance is respectable and within the bounds of accepted practises. The system exhibits a 97.51% detection ability, a 96.28% reliability, and a 94.41% accuracy.
Blockchain-Based Messaging System for Secure and Private Communication
Authors: Bollipelly Shiva Chaithanya Goud , Sevugan Prabu , Venkatesan R. , Sharmila L.
Published: July 2023

In recent years, concerns about privacy and security in online communication have become increasingly prominent. To address these concerns, the authors propose a blockchain-based messaging system that provides secure and private communication using double AES encryption. The system utilizes the decentralized and tamper-resistant nature of the blockchain to ensure that messages are not modified or deleted by unauthorized parties. Additionally, they employ double AES encryption to ensure that the content of messages remains confidential even if the blockchain itself is compromised. They evaluate the performance of the system and show that it is scalable and efficient. The system provides a secure and private messaging solution that can be used by individuals and organizations alike.