bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
БОЙОВЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВИСОКОМОБІЛЬНИХ ДЕСАНТНИХ ВІЙСЬК ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ (ЗА ВІЙСЬКОВО-ІСТОРИЧНИМ ДОСВІДОМ АНТИТЕРОРИСТИЧНОЇ ОПЕРАЦІЇ 2014–2018 РОКІВ)
Authors: НАШИВОЧНІКОВ Олександр
Published: June 2024

У сучасних реаліях російської збройної агресії існує нагальна потреба звернутися до бойового досвіду антитерористичної операції на Сході України. Саме події 2014–2018 рр. зумовили суттєві перетворення у Збройних Силах України (далі — ЗС України), докорінно змінивши підходи до застосування видів та окремих родів, зокрема Десантно-штурмових військ. Ці зміни дали змогу зупинити російську навалу в перші роки антитерористичної операції та ефективно протистояти російським окупаційним військам протягом останніх років. Цілком зрозуміло, що основою будь-яких змін є, насамперед, аналіз попереднього досвіду. Тому, на погляд автора, вкрай важливо вивчити досвід російсько-українського конфлікту минулих років для підвищення боєготовності ЗС України сьогодні, під час широкомасштабної агресії з боку російської федерації. У статті проведено комплексний огляд операцій ЗС України у період 2014–2018 рр., у яких брали участь підрозділи Десантно-штурмових військ. Визначення як негативних, так і позитивних чинників, що впливали на ведення бойових дій, дасть змогу уникнути зайвих втрат особового складу і військової техніки, підвищити ефективність застосування підрозділів та зміцнити бойові можливості ЗС України у цілому.
ЦІЛІСНІСТЬ ЛЮДИНИ І СВІТУ У КОНТЕКСТІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ ЄДНОСТІ УНІВЕРСУМУ
Authors: Тюріна Тамара
Published: June 2024

У статті автор, ґрунтуючись на концепції біосфери і ноосфери В. Вернадського та сучасній інформаційно-енергетичній парадигмі, аргументовано доводить цілісність людини і світу у контексті глибинної нерозривної інформаційно-енергетичної Єдності Усього Буття (Сущого). Розглянуто людину як космо-земну (духовно-душевно-тілесну) істоту, багаторівневу надскладну систему, яка перебуває у сталих інформаційно-енергетичних взаємозв’язках та взаємодії з усім навколишнім світом: людством, суспільством, Землею, Всесвітом – з усім Універсумом. Представлені думки, міркування видатних мислителів минулого і сучасних дослідників щодо космопланетарної сутності природи людини, всезагального і нерозривного взаємозв`язку людини з космосом, сталого інформаційно-енергетичного обміну між ними. Розглянуто космічний Закон Еволюції, сутність еволюційного та інволюційного напрямів розвитку людини, їх наслідків для людини як космопланетарного феномену. Охарактеризовано завдання життя людини як духовно-душевно-тілесної істоти у контексті її космопланетарного призначення, що включає:‒ самопізнання та самовдосконалення,‒ духовну самореалізацію,‒ усвідомлену співучасть у еволюції Землі і Всесвіту;‒ гармонією з собою і світом,‒ відчуття себе Єдиним Цілим з усім Універсумом, що буде сприяти, на наш погляд, гармонійній цілісності та одухотворенню усього світу в цілому. Обґрунтовано думку, що порушення Всесвітнього Закону Цілісності, гармонії у взаємостосунках людини між людиною і людиною, людиною і природою, людиною і суспільством, людиною і Всесвітом є основною причиною глобальних проблем сучасного людства.
Pelatihan Servis Sepeda Motor Electronic Fuel Injection Bagi Bengkel Fami Motor
Authors: Rohmantoro Didik , Purnomo Bayu gilang , Yoanita Yulia venti , Amiruddin Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Permasalahan yang dialami oleh bengkel Fami Motor saat ini adalah kesulitan dalam melakukan servis mesin kendaraan yang menggunakan sistem electronic fuel injection (EFI). Teknologi sepeda motor banyak yang telah menggunakan teknologi elektronik pada sistem kerja mesin, dan industri usaha kecil bengkel servis motor kesulitan jika terdapat pelanggan yang ingin melakukan servis mesin yang telah menggunakan teknologi elektronik. Selain sistem kerja mesin yang lebih rumit, alat untuk servis mesin EFI juga menggunakan perangkat elektronik sehingga dibutuhkan keahlian khusus. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan dan memberi keterampilan kepada bengkel Fami Motor untuk melakukan servis pada kendaraan berteknolofi EFI. Metode pelatihan yang digunakan adalah berbasis problem solving yaitu peserta pelatihan memperoleh perlakuan berupa permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada sepeda motor berteknologi EFI. Target luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah berupa pengetahuan dan pelatihan keterampilan servis sepeda motor EFI. Hasil dari pelatihan ini yaitu peserta pelatihan memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang servis sepeda motor EFI terutama pada sepeda motor Yamaha.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI WEB PEMBAYARAN SPP SEKOLAH SMK BINA INSANI CIJERUK KAB.TANGERANG
Authors: Zuhri Zuhri , Hidayat Rachmat , Verawati Ellya
Published: June 2024

SMK Bina Insani Cijeruk merupakan salah satu sekolah yang sudah memanfaatkan computer untuk menyelesaikan berbagai tugas, tetapi pemanfaatan masih belum maksimal karena masih ada bagian administrasi yang masih menggunakan metode manual, yaitu pada administrasi pembayaran,Penelitian ini berusaha membuat sebuah aplikasi berteknologi PHP dan MySQL untuk mengelolah data pembayaran sekolah meliputi pembayaran SPP, pembayaran ujian dan pencarian informasi. Metode Waterfall digunakan sebagai acuan perancangan dan pengembangan aplikasi. Alat abstraksi sistem yang digunakan adalah Use Case diagram. Perancangan Basis data dengan menggunakan ERD. Pengujian dilakukan dengan metode Blax box.Pengujian memberikan hasil bahwa aplikasi dapat dijalankan dan fungsi dapat berjalan dengan semestinya.
La Transdisciplinariedad decolonial: un reto para el cual los Estudios Generales no están preparados
Authors: Velez-Cardona Waldemiro , Villanueva Gómez Elías
Published: June 2024

En este artículo proponemos que que para que la transdisciplinariedad se pueda desarrollar a su máximo potencial en los Estudios Generales se deben incorporar en ella diversas epistemologías y cosmovivencias en los procesos de integración del conocimiento que le son inherentes. Ya que los procesos transdisciplinarios requieren trabajo en equipo, tanto en la investigación como en la docencia, deben participar actores científicos y académicos, así como comunitarios, empresariales, gubernamentales, etc., en igualdad de condiciones. Esto representa un reto para el que los Estudios Generales aún no están preparados.
El vacío del corazón
Authors: López Arranz Borja
Published: June 2024

Para llegar al cielo, como diría Julio Cortázar, tan solo se requiere una piedrita y la punta de un zapato; y tal es quizá lo necesario para adentrarse en la espesura de la rayuela que es el pensamiento de María Zambrano. Apenas se ha pensado acerca del carácter musical de este juego, en que se ha de pasar por la escala completa de las casillas para unir tierra y cielo, en que el baile y el canto acompañan a quienes la juegan hasta poder al fin saltar sobre el cielo que se ha hecho presente en el mismo suelo que sostiene sus pasos; en ese lugar de la plaza en que se superponen diariamente distraídas pisadas, pero que, por obra de simples tizas de colores, se convierte repentinamente en el centro del mundo; haciendo quizá de esta manera efectivo el dictum alquímico tan querido por Zambrano que pedía hacer de la tierra cielo y, del cielo, tierra preciosa.
Does the Drain Can Prevent Hematoma After Thyroidectomy?
Authors: Lee Sang Min , Kim Min Seok , Woo Seung Hoon , Lee Sang Joon , Chung Phil-Sang
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives Post-thyroidectomy hematoma is reported in about 0.7%- 2.1% of patients who underwent thyroidectomy. A drain is frequently placed after surgery to prevent swelling and hematoma. This study aims to compare clinical differences and postoperative complications depending on the presence or absence of a drain, and to identify the factors affecting hematoma after thyroidectomy.Subjects and Method This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent conventional thyroidectomy from March 2019 to Jun 2023. We examined patient’s age, gender, underlying diseases, use of antithrombotic drug, surgery type, thyroid volume, length of hospital stay and postoperative complications (hematoma and vocal cord palsy) by examining medical records.Results Of 587 patients enrolled in the study, the drain was placed in 369 (62.9%) patients, and not in 218 (37.1%) patients. The mean age, incidence of hypertension and Grave’s disease comorbidity, antithrombotic drug use, number of patients who underwent neck dissection, thyroid volume, operating time, and length of hospital stay were significantly higher in the drain placed group (p<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the ratio of vocal cord palsy and hematoma occurrence between the two groups. In logistic regression analysis, diabetes, the use of antithrombotic drugs, neck dissection, and larger thyroid volume were identified as risk factors for the occurrence of hematoma (p<0.05).Conclusion Surgeons tended to place the drain in patients with high bleeding tendency after thyroidectomy, but there was no difference in the incidence of hematoma according to drain placement. Rather, patients’ length of hospital stay increased due to the placement of drain.
Aile Hekimlerine Yönelik Şiddet Olgusuna İlişkin Kesitsel Bir Analiz: Ankara İli Örneği
Authors: Güngör Deniz , Yalçın Balçık Pınar
Published: June 2024

Toplumsal yaşamın her alanında varlığını sürdüren şiddet, bireylerin
çalışma hayatında da yoğun bir şekilde gözlemlenmektedir. Neredeyse her iş
yerinde meydana gelen şiddetin bazı çalışma alanlarında yaşanma olasılığı çok
daha yüksektir. Bu alanlardan biri olan sağlık alanında da sağlık çalışanlarına
yönelik şiddet denildiğinde 2. ve 3. basamak sağlık çalışanları akla gelse de
birinci basamak sağlık hizmeti sunan çalışanlar ve özellikle de hekimler çalışma
hayatları boyunca şiddeti deneyimlemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı birinci
basamak sağlık hizmeti sunan aile sağlığı merkezlerindeki aile hekimlerinde
şiddet olgusunu araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın evrenini Ankara Aile Hekimliği
Derneği’ne (ANKAHED) üye olan 1035 aile hekimi oluşturmaktadır.
Çalışmada örneklem seçilmemiş olup evrenin tamamına ulaşılması
hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda veriler, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 416 aile
hekimiyle literatüre dayandırılarak oluşturulan anket formu aracılığıyla
toplanmıştır. Mevcut çalışmada katılımcıların %68’nin çalışma hayatları
boyunca şiddeti deneyimlediği, %57,9’unun sözlü şiddete maruz kaldığı,
%47,4’ünün hasta yakını tarafından şiddete uğradığı ortaya konmuştur.
Hekimlerde sağlıkta şiddete maruz kalma durumunu etkileyen faktörleri
belirlemek üzere geliştirilen ikili lojistik regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır.
Birinci basamak sağlık hizmeti sunan sağlık çalışanları odağında konuyla ilgili
tüm paydaşların katılımıyla politikaların gözden geçirilmesi ve bu çalışmanın
bulgurlarından hareketle sağlıkta şiddete yönelik politikaların oluşturulması
önerilmektedir.
Mapping cognitive function screening instruments for patients with heart failure: A scoping review
Authors: Arseda Astuti , Pahria Tuti , Kurniawan Titis
Published: June 2024

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) often experience cognitive impairment, which negatively affects their quality of life. An effective screening tool is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals to assess cognitive function as part of HF management. Although many instruments exist, none are specifically designed for patients with HF.
Objective: This study aimed to map the instruments for screening cognitive function in patients with HF.
Design: A scoping review.
Data Sources: Articles published between 2019 and 2023 were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, with the last search conducted on 27 January 2024.
Review Methods: The review followed the scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley and adhered to PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews.
Results: Of the 21 articles meeting inclusion criteria, six cognitive function screening instruments were used across various cognitive domains, effectively identifying cognitive impairment in both inpatient and outpatient HF settings. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was the most frequently used tool, covering a broad range of cognitive domains. MoCA showed high efficacy with a kappa coefficient of 0.82, Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.75, sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 87%.
Conclusion: Instruments like MoCA, Mini-Cog, and TICS-m show promise for assessing cognitive function in patients with HF, each with specific strengths and limitations. MoCA is notable for its comprehensive coverage despite being time-consuming and having language barriers. Further research is needed to revalidate and improve the existing instruments. It is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to integrate these tools into regular patient management, highlighting the need for continued research in their application.
Factors predicting self-compassion among patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in Thailand: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Krutchan Nisa , Skulphan Sombat , Thapinta Darawan , Thungjaroenkul Petsunee , Saengthong Songserm
Published: June 2024

Background: Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy. Although chemotherapy is the primary treatment for breast cancer, it frequently has several detrimental side effects. Patients with breast cancer require self-compassion to regulate their emotions in order to cope with their suffering. Factors affecting self-compassion have mostly been investigated in the context of chronic diseases in general, not specifically in relation to patients receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Objective: This cross-sectional study sought to describe the self-compassion level and to examine the predictive ability of self-critical judgment, body image, stress, attachment style, social support, hope, and self-reassuring on self-compassion among patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods: The participants were 210 Thai women with breast cancer who received chemotherapy in northern Thailand and were selected using proportionate random sampling. Data were collected from December 2021 to January 2023 using validated instruments. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis.
Results: Self-compassion was moderate (Mean = 2.91, SD = 0.91). Self-critical judgment (β = 0.487, p <0.001) and hope (β =0.128, p = 0.032) could predict self-compassion in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and explained 40.1% of the variance.
Conclusion: The study’s findings highlight the importance of addressing self-critical judgment and fostering hope in patients with breast cancerundergoing chemotherapy to enhance their self-compassion. Nurses and other healthcare providers can use the findings to provide interventions to promote self-compassion.
An Incidental Finding of Asymptomatic Quadricuspid Pulmonary Valve at Autopsy: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Mattu Pushwant S. , Lee Jamie Chen Yu , Pryma Collin , Martin Spencer D. , Belanger Eric C.
Published: June 2024

A quadricuspid pulmonary valve (QPV) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, mostly identified incidentally during autopsy or imaging examination. The authors report on an autopsy case report describing a case of a QPV recognised incidentally during the autopsy of a 91-year-old male with bilateral pneumonia. All four cusps of the pulmonary valve exhibited approximately equal sizes and showed no degenerative changes, while the remaining heart valves displayed no structural anomalies. There was no clinical or pathological evidence of stenosis or regurgitation. In this report, the authors discuss the clinical presentation, review the existing literature, investigate the diagnostic and clinical implications of QPV, and highlight the key factors involved in QPV embryogenesis.
Karlığın Tepesi (Malatya) Topluluğunun Paleodemografik Analizi
Authors: Alkan Yarenkür
Published: June 2024

Malatya ili, Battalgazi ilçesinde yer alan Karlığın Tepesi nekropolü, TOKİ inşaatı esnasında açığa çıkmış ve Malatya Müze Müdürlüğü tarafından 2020 yılında kazılmıştır. Toplam 17 mezarın kazısı yapılmış ve 259 birey gün ışığına çıkarılmıştır. Mezar sunularına göre MS. 3-6. yy’lar arasında tarihlenen nekropolde iki tip mezar bulunmaktadır: yeraltı kaya mezar odaları ve kayaya oyulmuş tekne formlu mezarlar. Bu çalışmada Karlığın Tepesi nekropolünden çıkarılan bireylerin paleodemografik analizleri yapılmıştır. Bunların 23’ü bebek (0-2,4), 67’si çocuk (2,5 17,9), 84’ü kadın, 65’i erkek bireydir. Ayrıca cinsiyeti belirlenemeyen 20 birey mevcuttur. Bebek ve çocukların popülasyon içerisindeki demografik dağılımı %34,75 ile erişkinlerin demografik dağılımı ise %65,25 ile temsil edilmektedir. Topluluğun yaşları tespit edilebilen 198 bireyden hesaplanan erişkinlerin ortalama ömür uzunluğu 37,75 yıldır. Topluluğun erişkin kadınlarında ortalama ömür uzunluğu 38,45 yıl, erkeklerinde ise 36,87 yıldır. Geç Roma-Erken Bizans Dünya genelinde karışıklıkların başladığı, savaşların, göçlerin, salgın hastalıkların ve kıtlıkların yoğun olduğu bir dönemdir. Dönemin kötü koşullarına karşın Karlığın Tepesi topluluğunda bebek ve çocuk ölüm oranlarının ve erişkin bireylerin ömür uzunluklarının görece daha iyi olması, Karlığın Tepesi insanlarının yaşam koşullarının, beslenme düzenlerinin ve refah seviyesinin daha iyi olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Karlığın Tepesi nekropolünün bağlı olduğu kenti tahmin etmek zor olsa da ele geçen iskelet verileri, mezar sunuları ve mesafe olarak daha yakın olması antik Melitene ihtimalini artırmaktadır. İmparator Vespasianus’un MS 70 yılında Kappadokia’ya yerleştirdiği iki lejyondan biri olan Legio XII Fulminata’nın askeri üssü Melitene, modern Malatya ilinin 10 km kuzeyinde, Fırat Nehri havzasında bulunmaktadır. Lejyonların kurulduğu kentler ticaret kervanlarının Fırat Nehri’ni geçmek için kullandığı rotalar üzerinde yer aldıklarından ekonomik merkezler haline gelerek zenginleşmiş ve şehirlerin sosyal ve kültürel yapısını da etkilemiştir.
2023 Depremleri Sonrasında ‘Birlikte Yaşama Kültürü’ Bağlamında ‘Hataylılık’ Kent Aidiyeti ve Yerellik
Authors: Eraslan Aylin
Published: June 2024

Hatay, Şubat 2023’te gerçekleşen depremlerin ardından hasar almış, kentte çok sayıda can ve mal kaybı yaşanmıştır. Hataylıların bir kısmı kenti terk etmek zorunda kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada amacım, 6 Şubat Kahramanmaraş ve 20 Şubat Hatay depremlerinin, kenti terk etmek zorunda kalan Hataylıların en eski dönemlerden bu yana süreç içerisinde etkileşime bağlı olarak birlikte inşa ettikleri Hataylılık ve birlikte yaşama kültürüne ilişkin duygu ve düşünceleri üzerindeki etkilerini anlamaya ve anlatmaya çalışmaktır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi, derinlemesine mülakat ve katılımcı gözlem teknikleri kullanılmıştır. 10 kadın ve 5 erkek toplam 15 kişiyle Eskişehir’de yüz yüze ve Türkiye’nin birçok iline göç edenlerle ise çevrimiçi görüşülmüştür. Alan araştırması 8-15 Nisan 2024 tarihinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anlatılarda Hataylılığa ve birlikte yaşama kültürüne yönelik duyguları temsil eden ifadelerin yoğunluğu dikkat çekicidir. Elbette bu denli yoğun duyguların açığa çıkmasında yaşanan deprem felaketinin etkisinin olduğu düşünülebilir. Ancak bu kısmen doğrudur. Bu çalışmada, Hataylılığın deprem sonrası yaşanan romantik bir duygu yoğunluğundan çok daha fazlası olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Hatay’ın kadim tarihine bakıldığında kentin, en eski ticaret yollarının kesiştiği noktada yer alması birçok halkı kendine çekmiş, kente ticaret amacıyla gelenler bir süre sonra kente kalıcı olarak yerleşmişledir. Hatay, bir arada yaşayan halkların ortak yaşam alanlarında etkileşime bağlı olarak farklılıklara saygı duyma ve bir arada yaşama kültürü geliştirdikleri ve bugün dünyada medeniyetler şehri olarak ifade edilen örnek bir kente dönüşmüştür. Öte yandan Hatay’ın Atatürk’ün, Tayfur Sökmen’in ve Hataylıların çabalarıyla anavatana katılması, kente olan bağlılığı ve aidiyeti daha da arttırmış ve kenti bu yönüyle özel kılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde deprem sonrasında belirgin bir şekilde ön plana çıkan kent aidiyeti ve bağlılığının tarihsel ve ilişkisel bir süreç içerisinde inşa edilmiş ve yüzyıllardır kuşaklar arasında aktarılan birlikte yaşama kültüründen doğduğu ve deprem sonrasında daha da belirgin bir hale geldiği söylenebilir. Buna ek olarak, anlatılarda mutfak kültürü, yer’e bağlılık ve birlikte yaşama kültürüne yönelik üç ana tema göze çarpmıştır.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF MACHINE LEARNING METHODS IN TURKISH SUPER LEAGUE MATCH RESULT PREDICTIONS
Authors: Topcu Duygu , Vupa Çilengiroğlu Özgül
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to determine, examine, interpret and compare the performances of the models formed by the most effective variables in predicting the results of the matches played in the Turkish Super League, using machine learning methods. For this purpose, 743 matches of 23 teams in the Turkish Football Super League were examined using data from the 2018-2021 seasons. The winning and losing situations of the teams were modeled using machine learning methods such as logistic regression, decision trees and random forest. The performances of the models were compared according to sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and F-score criteria. When the machine learning methods and models were compared, it was determined that the best model with 67.4% accuracy was the classification and regression trees (CART) with the variables "pozitive passing percentage of the opponent team", "offensive power of the home team" and "defensive power of the opponent team".
DETERMINATION OF THE GENETIC PROFILE OF MCT1 (SLC16A1) GENE A/T POLYMORPHISM AND GDF5 GENE T/C POLYMORPHISM RELATED TO CONNECTIVE TISSUE AND MUSCLE INJURY RISK IN YOUNG ATHLETES
Authors: Bektaş Merve , Müniroğlu Recep Sürhat
Published: June 2024

In this study, MCT1 (SLC16A1) gene A/T polymorphism related to muscle injury and GDF5 T/C polymorphism related to connective tissue damage in young athletes were studied and it was investigated whether there was a difference in allele distribution in the athlete group related to connective tissue and muscle injury compared to the control group. Whether the allele distributions of the experimental and control groups were in balance was tested using the Hardy-Weinberg equation. Differences between groups were analyzed with Chi square Test. The confidence interval was determined as 95% (p
Bilişim Sektörü ve Yakın Alanlardaki Çalışanların; Hibrit, Uzaktan ve Yerinde Çalışma Modelleriyle İlgili Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çıplak Zeki , Yıldız Seyit Gazi , Doğan Buket
Published: June 2024

COVID-19 pandemisi ile özellikle bilişim teknolojileri alanında hibrit veya uzaktan çalışma modelleri birçok şirket tarafından benimsenmiştir. Öte yandan yerinde çalışma modeli de birçok şirket tarafından değerli bir model olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma modellerinin, göz ardı edilemez faydaları olduğu gibi, birçok açıdan olumsuz yönleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı çalışma modellerinin, şirket çalışanları ve yapılan işler üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi adına, çevrim içi katılım sağlanarak cevaplanacak şekilde bir anket hazırlanmıştır. 2022 yılının Kasım ve Aralık ayları ile 2023 yılının Ocak ayında gerçekleşen çevrim içi ankete, bilişim alanındaki çeşitli mesleklerden toplam 53 kullanıcı katılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, önemli bir katılımcı kesiminin, hibrit veya uzaktan çalışma yöntemlerini tercih ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Teknolojik altyapı ve iletişimdeki eksikliklerin, söz konusu çalışma yöntemlerinin verimliliğini olumsuz etkilediği ve bu sorunların üstesinden gelinmesi için önlemler alınması gerektiği anlaşılmıştır.
Entelektüel Bir Kişilik Olarak Münif Paşa ve Türk Kütüphaneciliğindeki Yeri
Authors: Güneş Sinan , Yılmaz Bülent
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk dünyası içinde önemli bir “Osmanlı entelektüeli/aydını” olarak bilinen Münif Paşa’nın Türk kütüphaneciliği açısından önemini ve etkilerini yaşamış olduğu dönem koşulları bağlamında ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada betimleme yöntemi ile bir nitel araştırma yöntemi olan literatür incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Münif Paşa’nın yaşamış olduğu dönemle ilgili tarihi kaynaklara ve Türk kütüphaneciliğindeki yerini ve önemini aydınlatacak alan yazın kaynaklarına literatür taraması ile ulaşılmış ve elde edilen kaynaklar analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma bulgularına göre, döneminin en önemli entelektüel kişiliklerinden birisi olan Münif Paşa’nın kütüphanecilik ile ilgili önemli yaklaşım ve düşüncelere sahip olduğu, eğitim ve kültür yaşamı başta olmak üzere birçok entelektüel, hukuksal ve yönetimsel etkinlik ve çaba içinde yer aldığı görülmüştür. Dönemin kültürel yapısı içerisinde toplumun bilimle tanışmasını sağlamak için Cemiyet-i İlmiye-i Osmaniye’yi kurduğu ve cemiyetin yayın organı olan Mecmua-i Fünun dergisini çıkardığı anlaşılmıştır. Günümüz Türk kütüphaneciliği üzerinde önemli tarihsel etkiye sahip olan cemiyetin kütüphane nizamnamesi ve Münif Paşa Layihası, Münif Paşa’nın kütüphanecilik faaliyetleriyle doğrudan ilgilendiğini göstermektedir. Münif Paşa, yaşamış olduğu dönemde Osmanlı Devleti’nin Batılılaşma hareketlerini görme fırsatını yakalamıştır. İlgili dönem içerisinde Osmanlı Devleti’ne ve topluma birçok farklı ünvanda hizmet etmiştir. Bu hizmetleri boyunca halkın her alanda bilinçlenmesi için dergi, gazete, kitap yayınları oluşturma, cemiyet ve kütüphane kurma gibi kültürel etkinlikler içerisinde yer almıştır. Günümüz Türk kütüphaneciliğine temel oluşturacak yaklaşımı, fikirleri ve bu fikirleri uygulama çabaları ile döneminin çok yönlü eğitim-kültür insanı ve entelektüeli/aydını olarak yaşamıştır. Sonuç olarak, Münif Paşa’nın Türk kütüphaneciliğinin gelişiminde entelektüel, yasal ve bilimsel katkılarının olduğu söylenebilir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin Batılılaşma süreci içerisinde döneminin aydınlarından birisi olarak nitelendirilen Münif Paşa’nın eğitim ve kültür konusuna dair yaklaşım, düşünce ve çabalarının Türk kütüphaneciliğinin gelişimi üzerinde son derece önemli etkilerinin olması ve bunun diğer bazı çalışmalardan farklı olarak dönem koşulları ve Münif Paşa’nın genel entelektüel kişiliği bağlamında ortaya konması çalışmanın özgünlüğünü oluşturmaktadır.
The Impacts of Strategic Orientation and Knowledge Management on Firms’ Performance of SMEs in Surabaya
Authors: Sunyoto Hadi Kusuma , Sendy Sendy , Lay Felicia Cheryl
Published: June 2024

The importance of SMEs as the driver of economic growth globally has become more crucial over recent decades because of the constantly changing business environment. SMEs especially in Indonesia have supported the government in fighting the unemployment rate. Nevertheless, the common problem of SMEs is sustaining their businesses because of ineffective operations and exploring competitive advantage. The objective of this study is to identify the performance of SMEs in Surabaya City, Indonesia. Three strategic orientations: market orientation, technology orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, and knowledge management were used to test firms’ performance. This study applies the multiple linear regression analysis, classic assumption test, and purposive sampling technique. The findings of this study encompass that technology orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, and knowledge management variables significantly influence firms’ performance. Only the market orientation variable was found not significant on firms’ performance.
Potential therapeutic effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors on corneal diseases
Authors: Chow Bing Jie , Lee Isabelle Xin Yu , Liu Chang , Liu Yu-Chi
Published: June 2024

The cornea is an avascular tissue in the eye that has multiple functions in the eye to maintain clear vision which can significantly impair one’s vision when subjected to damage. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a family of nuclear receptor proteins comprising three different peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms, namely, PPAR alpha (α), PPAR gamma (γ), and PPAR delta (δ), have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for treating corneal diseases. In this review, we summarised the current literature on the therapeutic effects of PPAR agents on corneal diseases. We discussed the role of PPARs in the modulation of corneal wound healing, suppression of corneal inflammation, neovascularisation, fibrosis, stimulation of corneal nerve regeneration, and amelioration of dry eye by inhibiting oxidative stress within the cornea. We also discussed the underlying mechanisms of these therapeutic effects. Future clinical trials are warranted to further attest to the clinical therapeutic efficacy.
Assessing the performance of large language models in literature screening for pharmacovigilance: a comparative study
Authors: Li Dan , Wu Leihong , Zhang Mingfeng , Shpyleva Svitlana , Lin Ying-Chi , Huang Ho-Yin , Li Ting , Xu Joshua
Published: June 2024

Pharmacovigilance plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of pharmaceutical products. It involves the systematic monitoring of adverse events and the detection of potential safety concerns related to drugs. Manual literature screening for pharmacovigilance related articles is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task, requiring streamlined solutions to cope with the continuous growth of literature. The primary objective of this study is to assess the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automating literature screening for pharmacovigilance, aiming to enhance the process by identifying relevant articles more effectively. This study represents a novel application of LLMs including OpenAI’s GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Anthropic’s Claude2, in the field of pharmacovigilance, evaluating their ability to categorize medical publications as relevant or irrelevant for safety signal reviews. Our analysis encompassed N-shot learning, chain-of-thought reasoning, and evaluating metrics, with a focus on factors impacting accuracy. The findings highlight the promising potential of LLMs in literature screening, achieving a reproducibility of 93%, sensitivity of 97%, and specificity of 67% showcasing notable strengths in terms of reproducibility and sensitivity, although with moderate specificity. Notably, performance improved when models were provided examples consisting of abstracts, labels, and corresponding reasoning explanations. Moreover, our exploration identified several potential contributing factors influencing prediction outcomes. These factors encompassed the choice of key words and prompts, the balance of the examples, and variations in reasoning explanations. By configuring advanced LLMs for efficient screening of extensive literature databases, this study underscores the transformative potential of these models in drug safety monitoring. Furthermore, these insights gained from this study can inform the development of automated systems for pharmacovigilance, contributing to the ongoing efforts to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmacovigilance products.
Experimental study on thermochemical composite flooding mechanism of extra heavy oil reservoirs with erosion channels
Authors: Cao Qiuying , Zheng Haoyu , Yu Jianmei , Xiong Zanfu , Wei Tao , Zhu Shuainan , Liu Ruixin
Published: June 2024

During the steam flooding of extra heavy oil, expansion of steam chamber is difficult and erosion channels appear, which is different from conventional heavy oil. The thermochemical composite system composed of steam, foam and viscosity reducer can effectively improve the development effect of extra heavy oil reservoirs. However, during the thermochemical composite flooding, the rheological characteristics of extra heavy oil and the influence of erosion channels on oil displacement mechanism are not yet researched. Taking the extra heavy oil reservoir in Block X of the Chunfeng Oilfield as an example, experimental research on the rheological properties and thermochemical composite flooding of extra heavy oil model with erosion channel is conducted. Firstly, the influence of thermochemical composite system on the rheological properties of extra heavy oil is evaluated. Then, a one-dimensional (1D) sand-pack model with erosion channel is used to conduct thermochemical composite flooding experiments, comparing the recovery of steam flooding, foam assisted steam flooding, viscosity reducer assisted steam flooding, and composite flooding (foam and viscosity reducer assisted steam flooding). Finally, a two-dimensional (2D) sand-pack model with erosion channel is used to conduct thermochemical composite flooding experiments, comparing the recovery of viscosity reducer assisted flooding and composite flooding. The results show that viscosity reducer reduces the viscosity of extra heavy oil greatly, and the extra heavy oil is not sensitive to the change of temperature after viscosity reduction. When the concentration of viscosity reducer is 0.4% or more, good viscosity reduction effect can be achieved at different oil-water ratio. In the 1D sand-pack model experiments, compared to steam flooding, foam assisted steam flooding, viscosity reducer assisted steam flooding, and composite flooding, the recovery increased by 4.38%, 17.38%, and 30.46%, respectively. In the 2D sand-pack model experiments, compared to steam flooding, the viscosity reducer assisted steam flooding and composite flooding increase the oil recovery by 12.49% and 16.61%, respectively. The thermochemical composite flooding of extra heavy oil is dominated by erosion, supplemented by displacement. There is a synergistic effect between chemicals in the process of composite flooding. At the same time, the purpose of “enhanced erosion and expanded sweep” is achieved.
Analysis of hot research topics on environmental migration
Authors: Shang Yanguang , Liang Bing , Shi Guoqing , Sun Zhonggen , Hua Yinjie , Ye Taotao , Lu Zhongman
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Global environmental issues have become one of the most prominent risk issues in society, and it is of great theoretical and practical importance to study the intrinsic correlation between environmental change and population migration.

Methods: Based on the Web of Science core ensemble database (WOS) and National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI) sources, CiteSpace visual bibliometric software was used to construct a map of research hotspots in the field of environmental migration. The specific research methods included word frequency analysis, cluster analysis, and burst word detection analysis.

Results: The study found that the research hotspots of environmental migration mainly include:migration caused by environmental pollution; migration caused by the construction of environmental protection projects; migration caused by environmental protection activities; migration caused by environmental degradation; migration caused by climate change; migration caused by environmental disasters; and migration caused by environmental improvement activities.

Discussion: Our new insights into the relationship between environmental factors and migration include:non-linear relationships, multi-dimensional vulnerability, livelihood diversification, local context and agency, feedback loops and feedback effects. For future research directions on environmental migration, we can start from the following aspects: (1) Multidisciplinary Approaches; (2) Longitudinal Studies; (3) Regional and Localized Studies; (4) Climate Change Projections; (5) Policy Impact Analysis; (6) Migration and Urbanization; (7) Social and Cultural Adaptation; (8) Technological and Data Advancements; (9) Ethical Considerations; (10) Community-Based Research.
Multiple sclerosis disease activity, a multi-biomarker score of disease activity and response to treatment in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Tatomir Alexandru , Anselmo Freidrich , Boodhoo Dallas , Chen Hegang , Mekala Armugam P. , Nguyen Vinh , Cuevas Jacob , Rus Violeta , Rus Horea
Published: June 2024

Regular assessment of disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is required to optimize clinical outcomes. Biomarkers can be a valuable tool for measuring disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) if they reflect the pathological processes underlying MS pathogenicity. In this pilot study, we combined multiple biomarkers previously analyzed in RRMS patients into an MS disease activity (MSDA) score to evaluate their ability to predict relapses and treatment response to glatiramer acetate (GA). Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32), FasL, IL-21, SIRT1, phosphorylated SIRT1 (p-SIRT1), and JNK1 p54 levels were used to generate cut-off values for each biomarker. Any value below the cutoff for RGC-32, FasL SIRT1, or p-SIRT1 or above the cutoff for IL-21 or JNK1 p54 was given a +1 value, indicating relapse or lack of response to GA. Any value above the cutoff value for RGC-32, FasL, SIRT1, p-SIRT1 or below that for IL-21 or JNK1 p54 was given a -1 value, indicating clinical stability or response to GA. An MSDA score above +1 indicated a relapse or lack of response to treatment. An MSDA score below -1 indicated clinical stability or response to treatment. Our results showed that the MSDA scores generated using either four or six biomarkers had a higher sensitivity and specificity and significantly correlated with the expanded disability status scale. Although these results suggest that the MSDA test can be useful for monitoring therapeutic response to biologic agents and assessing clinically challenging situations, the present findings need to be confirmed in larger studies.
Professional phagocytes are recruited for the clearance of obsolete nonprofessional phagocytes in the Drosophila ovary
Authors: Chasse Alexandra Y. , Bandyadka Shruthi , Wertheimer Max C. , Serizier Sandy B. , McCall Kimberly
Published: June 2024

Cell death is an important process in the body, as it occurs throughout every tissue during development, disease, and tissue regeneration. Phagocytes are responsible for clearing away dying cells and are typically characterized as either professional or nonprofessional phagocytes. Professional phagocytes, such as macrophages, are found in nearly every part of the body while nonprofessional phagocytes, such as epithelial cells, are found in every tissue type. However, there are organs that are considered “immune-privileged” as they have little to no immune surveillance and rely on nonprofessional phagocytes to engulf dying cells. These organs are surrounded by barriers to protect the tissue from viruses, bacteria, and perhaps even immune cells. The Drosophila ovary is considered immune-privileged, however the presence of hemocytes, the macrophages of Drosophila, around the ovary suggests they may have a potential function. Here we analyze hemocyte localization and potential functions in response to starvation-induced cell death in the ovary. Hemocytes were found to accumulate in the oviduct in the vicinity of mature eggs and follicle cell debris. Genetic ablation of hemocytes revealed that the presence of hemocytes affects oogenesis and that they phagocytose ovarian cell debris and in their absence fecundity decreases. Unpaired3, an IL-6 like cytokine, was found to be required for the recruitment of hemocytes to the oviduct to clear away obsolete follicle cells. These findings demonstrate a role for hemocytes in the ovary, providing a more thorough understanding of phagocyte communication and cell clearance in a previously thought immune-privileged organ.
Integrated machine learning identifies a cellular senescence-related prognostic model to improve outcomes in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Wei Changqiang , Lin Shanshan , Huang Yanrong , Wei Yiyun , Mao Jingxin , Fan Jiangtao
Published: June 2024

Background

Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) stands as one of the prevalent malignancies impacting women globally. Given its heterogeneous nature, personalized therapeutic approaches are increasingly significant for optimizing patient outcomes. This study investigated the prognostic potential of cellular senescence genes(CSGs) in UCEC, utilizing machine learning techniques integrated with large-scale genomic data.

Methods

A comprehensive analysis was conducted using transcriptomic and clinical data from 579 endometrial cancer patients sourced from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A subset of 503 CSGs was assessed through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) alongside machine learning algorithms, including Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), support vector machine - recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), Random Forest, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), to identify key differentially expressed cellular senescence genes. These genes underwent further analysis to construct a prognostic model.

Results

Our analysis revealed two distinct molecular clusters of UCEC with significant differences in tumor microenvironment and survival outcomes. Utilizing cellular senescence genes, a prognostic model effectively stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk categories. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited compromised overall survival and presented distinct molecular and immune profiles indicative of tumor progression. Crucially, the prognostic model demonstrated robust predictive performance and underwent validation in an independent patient cohort.

Conclusion

The study emphasized the significance of cellular senescence genes in UCEC progression and underscored the efficacy of machine learning in developing reliable prognostic models. Our findings suggested that targeting cellular senescence holds promise as a strategy in personalized UCEC treatment, thus warranting further clinical investigation.
Impact of in-utero exposure to HIV and latent TB on infant humoral responses
Authors: Hjelmar Kimberly J. S. , de Armas Lesley R. , Goldberg Evan , Pallikkuth Suresh , Mathad Jyoti , Montepiedra Grace , Gupta Amita , Pahwa Savita
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a common coinfection in people living with HIV (PWH). How LTBI and HIV exposure in utero influence the development of infant humoral immunity is not well characterized. To address this question, we assessed the relationship between maternal humoral responses in pregnant women with HIV or with HIV/LTBI on humoral responses in infants to BCG vaccination and TB acquisition.

Methods

Plasma samples were obtained from mother infant pairs during pregnancy (14-34 wks gestation) and in infants at 12 and 44 wks of age from the IMPAACT P1078 clinical trial. LTBI was established by Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). Progression to active TB (ATB) disease was observed in 5 women at various times after giving birth. All infants were BCG vaccinated at birth and tested for IGRA at 44 weeks. Mtb (PPD, ESAT6/CFP10, Ag85A, LAM), HIV (GP120), and Influenza (HA) specific IgG, IgM, and IgA were measured in plasma samples using a bead based Luminex assay with Flexmap 3D.

Results

In maternal plasma there were no differences in Mtb-specific antibodies or viral antibodies in relation to maternal IGRA status. ATB progressors showed increases in Mtb-specific antibodies at diagnosis compared to study entry. However, when compared to the non-progressors at entry, progressors had higher levels of Ag85A IgG and reduced ESAT6/CFP10 IgG and LAM IgG, IgM, and IgA1. All infants showed a decrease in IgG to viral antigens (HIV GP120 and HA) from 12 to 44 weeks attributed to waning of maternally transferred antibody titers. However, Mtb-specific (PPD, ESAT6/CFP10, Ag85A, and LAM) IgG and IgM increased from 12 to 44 weeks. HIV and HA IgG levels in maternal and 12-week infant plasma were highly correlated, and ESAT6/CFP10 IgG and LAM IgG showed a relationship between maternal and infant Abs. Finally, in the subset of infants that tested IGRA positive at 44 weeks, we observed a trend for lower LAM IgM compared to IGRA- infants at 44 weeks.

Discussion

The results from our study raise the possibility that antibodies to LAM are associated with protection from progression to ATB and support further research into the development of humoral immunity against TB through infection or vaccination.
A simple approach for CTAB-free and biofunctionalized gold nanorods to construct photothermal active nanomedicine for potential in vivo applications in cancer cells and scar treatment
Authors: Foti Alice , Clépoint Benjamin , Fraix Aurore , D’Urso Luisa , De Bonis Angela , Satriano Cristina
Published: June 2024

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a surfactant commonly used in the synthesis of gold nanorods (AuNR), presents challenges owing to cytotoxicity in biological applications, limiting their biomedical applicability, particularly in cancer therapy. This study introduces a straightforward methodology for the effective removal of CTAB by utilizing a combination of ligand replacement and surface bioconjugation processes that efficiently eliminates CTAB and simultaneously functionalizes nanorods with hyaluronic acid (HA) to enhance biocompatibility and introduce targeting capabilities toward cancer cells. The surface chemistry modification of CTAB-capped and CTAB-free AuNR, before and after the functionalization with HA, was scrutinized by UV–visible, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies. The surface charge, size, and morphology of the different plasmonic nanoparticles were characterized by zeta potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photothermal response was assessed by laser irradiation and thermal camera measurements. Proof-of-work in vitro cellular experiments of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress were carried out on prostate cancer cells, PC-3, overexpressing the CD44 cell surface receptor specifically recognized by HA, in comparison with the CD44-negative murine fibroblasts (3T3 cell line) by MTT and MitoSOX assays, respectively. Cellular uptake and organelle alteration were scrutinized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM), while the perturbative effects on cell migration were studied by optical microscopy (wound scratch assay). The study’s findings offer a promising pathway to tune the gold nanorod properties in cancer treatment by reducing cytotoxicity and enhancing targeted therapeutic efficacy, as well as in the control of scar tissue formation.
Transmission of mycoviruses: new possibilities
Authors: Buivydaitė Živilė , Winding Anne , Sapkota Rumakanta
Published: June 2024

Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi. In recent years, an increasing number of mycoviruses have been reported in a wide array of fungi. With the growing interest of scientists and society in reducing the use of agrochemicals, the debate about mycoviruses as an effective next-generation biocontrol has regained momentum. Mycoviruses can have profound effects on the host phenotype, although most viruses have neutral or no effect. We speculate that understanding multiple transmission modes of mycoviruses is central to unraveling the viral ecology and their function in regulating fungal populations. Unlike plant virus transmission via vegetative plant parts, seeds, pollen, or vectors, a widely held view is that mycoviruses are transmitted via vertical routes and only under special circumstances horizontally via hyphal contact depending on the vegetative compatibility groups (i.e., the ability of different fungal strains to undergo hyphal fusion). However, this view has been challenged over the past decades, as new possible transmission routes of mycoviruses are beginning to unravel. In this perspective, we discuss emerging studies with evidence suggesting that such novel routes of mycovirus transmission exist and are pertinent to understanding the full picture of mycovirus ecology and evolution.