bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Représentations interculturelles dans le discours touristique des Blogs de voyages français: une vision de l'Andalousie stéréotypée?
Authors: Cantón Rodríguez María Loreto
Published: December 2021

El desarrollo del discurso turístico en Internet ha cambiado la manera de diseñar y vender el producto turístico.En una decena de años hemos pasamos de hablar del turismo 2.0 al turismo 4.0. Este nuevo discurso integra el oral y el escrito para persuadir y convencer al turista internauta que ahora es emisor y receptor de un mismo producto.Esta nueva visión del Otro a partir de la práctica digital de los blogs de viaje será el objeto de esta contribución.

Ofreceremos, en primer lugar, una visión general teórica de este nuevo discurso turístico, que ha renovado la manera de concebir la imagen de un país y sus identidades, a partir de la opinión de estos blogueros-turistas. Nuestro análisis se centrará, posteriormente, en la visión de Andalucía que estos viajeros dibujan diariamente en los blogs para verificar si la imagen que se traslada es engañosa, estereotipada o realza aspectos desconocidos de esta región para el potencial turista.

The development of tourism discourse on the Internet has changed the way to design and sell the tourist product. In ten years, we have gone from talking about tourism 2.0 to tourism 4.0. This new discourse integrates oral and written discourse to persuade and convince the Internet tourist, who is now both transmitter and receiver of the same product. This new vision of the Other considered from the digital practice of travel blogs will be the subject of this contribution.

Firstly, we will offer a theoretical overview of this new tourism discourse, which has renewed the way of conceiving the image of a country and its identities, based on the opinion of these blogger-tourists. Our analysis will then focus on the vision of Andalusia drawn daily by these travelers in blogs, to verify whether the image conveyed is misleading, stereotyped or enhances unknown aspects of this region for the potential tourist.

Le développement du discours touristique sur Internet a changé la manière de concevoir et de vendre le produit touristique.En une dizaine d’années, nous sommes passés du tourisme 2.0 au tourisme 4.0. Ce nouveau discours intègre l’oral et l’écrit pour persuader et convaincre le touriste internaute qu’il est maintenant l’émetteur et le récepteur d’un même produit.Cette nouvelle vision de l’Autre à partir de la pratique numérique des blogs de voyage fera l’objet de cette contribution.Nous offrirons, en premier lieu, un aperçu théorique de ce nouveau discours touristique, qui a renouvelé la manière de concevoir l’image d’un pays et ses identités, à partir de l’avis de ces blogueurs-touristes. Notre analyse se concentrera ensuite sur la vision de l’Andalousie que ces voyageurs dessinent quotidiennement dans les blogs pour vérifier si l’image qui se déplace est trompeuse, stéréotypée ou met en valeur des aspects inconnus de cette région pour le touriste potentiel.
Historical Trauma, Race-Based Trauma, and Resilience of Indigenous Peoples: A Literature Review1
Authors: Fast Elizabeth , Collin-Vézina Delphine
Published: December 2021

This literature review examines the various responses to trauma suffered by Indigenous peoples as a result of governmental policies geared toward assimilation. Both traumatic and resilient responses are demonstrated at the individual, family, and community levels. Much of the research that has been done in the United States to develop theories around historical trauma and race-based traumatic stress may also be applied to Canada’s First Nations due to similar histories of oppression and colonization. Overall, the research finds that self-government and a connection to culture and spirituality result in better outcomes for Indigenous peoples.
Capturing the experiences of FASD prevention workers through quilting
Authors: Atkinson Erin , Job Jenelle , Pei Jacqueline , Poth Cheryl , O’Riordan Teresa , Taylor Lin
Published: December 2021

Visual data collection methods are gaining momentum in the field of qualitative research because of their ability to document the social world and experiences of participants (Banks, 2001; Rose, 2001. This study employed quilting as a data collection method to capture the experiences of 47 Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) prevention workers in the Parent Child Assistance Program (PCAP) across Alberta. Specifically, this article focuses on the process of creating the quilt, the impact that this data collection method has had on participants and researchers, as well as a discussion of our next steps and suggestions for future opportunities to use quilting methods in community-based research.
Psychometrics in Parenting Capacity Assessments: A problem for Aboriginal parents
Authors: Choate Peter W. , McKenzie Amber
Published: December 2021

Parenting Capacity Assessments (PCA) are used by child protection workers to assist in determining the ability of a parent to care for their children. They may be used at various stages of the case management process but these assessments serve as powerful tools for decision making by these workers. They can also be introduced in court as part of expert testimony. Most PCAs utilize psychometric assessment measures to elicit data in respect to personality, parenting knowledge, as well as mental health and addiction issues. The authors argue that the norming of these measures has insufficient inclusion of Aboriginal peoples to be used for assessments with this population. They further argue that different approaches need to be developed as current approaches, including assessment measures, are based upon the constructs of the dominant culture, which is individualistic as opposed to the Aboriginal collectivistic approaches to parenting.
Life as a clock
Authors: Harder Hayley
Published: December 2021

This slam poem is a reflection on 150-plus years of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada and how this has affected Indigenous and non-Indigenous children, youth, and families.
Fair
Authors: Hussain Hamza , Kowlessur Yuktha
Published: December 2021

The grade 3/4 and grade 7 class at Ross Drive Public School worked together to learn about treaties, Shannen Koostachin, and Shannen’s Dream. The students were asked to think about what a safe and comfy education might look like and why it is unfair that Shannen Koostachin had to fight for this right. This poem reflects what two students, Hamza and Yuktha, learnt.
Youth and reconciliation
Authors: Samant Erin , Rhead1 Daxton
Published: December 2021

On Monday, March 6, 2017, students from Glebe Collegiate organized a demonstration on the steps of Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. The students called on the Prime Minister and other elected officials to treat Indigenous peoples with dignity and respect and to immediately cease discriminatory practices. The students named this event Youth and Reconciliation. Erin Samant and Daxton Rhead helped organize and lead Youth and Reconciliation. What follows is a transcript of their statements to fellow students, allies, Members of Parliament, and Indigenous organizations that were present during the event.
Understanding Innu normativity in matters of customary “adoption” and custody1
Authors: Grammond2 Sébastien , Guay3 Christiane
Published: December 2021

This article presents the preliminary results of a research project on customary custody and “adoption” in the Innu community of Uashat mak Mani-Utenam in northeastern Québec. From a legal pluralist perspective, the authors used a biographical method to understand the workings of the ne kupaniem/ne kupanishkuem Innu legal institution, which can be compared in certain respects to adoption in Western legal systems. The authors present certain characteristics of this institution in order to expose the limits of bills that seek to recognize “indigenous customary adoption” in Québec law. Innu “adoption” stems from an agreement between the concerned persons, which can crystallize gradually, which never breaks the original filial link, and which does not immediately create a new filial link. In theory, this type of adoption is not permanent. As such, a Québec law that only recognizes indigenous adoptions that create a new filial link runs the risk of either being ineffective, or of distorting the Innu legal order.
Why?
Authors: Ridley Kenya-Sean , Sodhi Ria
Published: December 2021

The grade 3/4 and grade 7 class at Ross Drive Public School worked together to learn about treaties, Shannen Koostachin, and Shannen’s Dream. The students were asked to think about what a safe and comfy education might look like and why it is unfair that Shannen Koostachin had to fight for this right. To learn more, visit www.shannensdream.ca.
NONUNIVERSAL PROPERTIES OF SELF-INTERACTING POLYMER IN NON-HOMOGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT MODELED BY 3-SIMPLEX FRACTAL LATTICE
Authors: Marčetić Dušanka , Elezović Hadžić Sunčica , Živić Ivan
Published: December 2021

We have studied lattice self-avoiding polygons with attractive interaction between contacts which are nonconsecutively visited nearest neighboring sites. The lattice of choice is 3-simplex fractal lattice and the model represents a ring polymer in non-homogeneous solution whose quality depends on the interaction parameter. It has already been shown, by the renormalization group approach, that polymer on this lattice at any nonzero temperature can exist only in the extended phase. Universal critical exponents, which do not depend on the interaction strength, have also been determined. In this paper we are concerned with two nonuniversal quantities: the connectivity constant related with the free energy of the model and the mean number of contacts related with the internal energy. We have shown that the connectivity constant is an unboundedly increasing function of the interaction strength, while the mean number of contacts is an increasing function asymptotically approaching a limiting value equal to one half, which is the mean number of contacts in the case of Hamiltonian walks on the same lattice. This limiting value is expected, since in the limit of infinite interaction (or zero temperature) each self-avoiding walk on 3-simplex lattice becomes maximally compact and occupies all lattice points, i.e. becomes Hamiltonian walk.
ИДЕАЛИСТИЧКИ ПОЈАМ ПРАВА Преливање природног у позитивно право: пример правде и правичности
Authors: Митровић Драган М. , Вукадиновић Гордана
Published: December 2021

Право је веома тешко тачно одредити. То нарочито важи за иде-алистичке правне теорије које истражују слојеве права иза или изнад уочљиве стварности и уместо корисности предност дају правди или другим вредностима. Могу се разврстати на природноправне, апри-ористичко-феноменолошке, егзистенцијалистичке, културалистичке или на неки други начин. У њих би могла да се уврсти и понека савремена мултидисциплинарна теорија. Упркос бројности или модерности, ниједна идеалистичка теорија не може да пружи поуздан, а камоли коначан одговор на питање шта је право. Због тога, треба разликовати идеалистички од идеализованог и идеалног појма права. Невоља је у томе што идеалистички појам права није оперативан, идеализовани појам права није тачан, док је идеални појам права људски недостижан. Може се запитати како је право уоп-ште могуће одредити идеалистички? Одговор на то питање може се пронаћи довођењем права у везу са правдом или неком другом вредношћу, као и коришћењем учења о три света права. Помоћу учења о метаправном, правном и свету физичких појава и правној заповести, која у правном свету једина спаја оно што јесте и оно што треба, могуће је превазићи дуализам и повезати природно са позитивним правом. Најтеже је објаснити начин преливања природног у позитивно право. На трагу Дворкиновог учења, то је могуће учинити коришћењем једне или неколико природноправних вредности као начела или пресуђу-јућих мерила за избор општих правних принципа преко којих се природно право улива у позитивно и постаје његов део. Правда је најважније такво начело. Она је у исто време мерило свих других вредности и ме-рила. Невоља је у томе што у Дворкиновом учењу избор општих правних принципа зависи од претходног ауторитативног избора неког правног начела које не мора бити засновано на ауторитету правде већ на неком пожељном добру које не мора бити праведно. Може се закључити како произвољан избор пожељног добра од стране неког људског аутори-тета одређује начин и меру преливања природног у позитивно право. Али, тако не мора да буде ако се таквим ауторитетима сматрају пар-ламент или суд, и то само када се као неоспорни легитимни носиоци државне власти надахњују вредностима правде, а не корисности. Ко-рисност је тренутна и пролазна, док су правда и на њој засноване одлуке односних органа трајне и вечне. Веза правде и правичности представља згодан пример који показује како се природноправне вредности операционализују у позитивном праву. То дозвољава да се закључи како и природно право може да буде корисно, барем у делу у коме се прелива у позитивно право. Ни природно право није настало из доколице, већ из преке потребе да се одржи са-постојање појединаца у друштву које омогућује усавршавање. Из доколице су настала само идеализована идеалистичка (и реалистичка) учења о праву.
(НЕ)УСТАВНОСТ И (НЕ)ЗАКОНИТОСТ УРЕДБЕ О МИНИМУМУ ПРОЦЕСА РАДА У ОБРАЗОВНИМ УСТАНОВАМА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
Authors: Марковић Горан , Ћеранић Димитрије
Published: December 2021

Влада Републике Српске је у децембру 2012. године донијела Уредбу о минимуму процеса рада и начину његовог обезбјеђивања у образовним установама и установама ученичког и студентског смјештаја. Овом уредбом предвиђено је да се у образовним институцијама, у случају штрајка, мора обезбиједити тзв. минимум процеса рада. Аутори оспо-равају постојање уставног и законског основа за доношење ове уредбе, тврдећи да је Влада тиме прекршила Устав Републике Српске и Закон о штрајку. У раду се полемише са аргументима које је Влада Републике Српске изнијела покушавајући да докаже постојање правног основа за доношење Уредбе. Оспоравајући ове аргументе, аутори истичу да пос-тоји правни основ за покретање поступка оцјене уставности и закони-тости Уредбе пред Уставним судом Републике Српске, како би се ова уредба прогласила неуставном и незаконитом. Овим радом, први пут се у нашој правној теорији разматра однос права на штрајк и права на образовање, као уставом загарантованих права. Притом, аутори су се користили нормативним, упоредноправним и историјскоправним мето-дом.
ОСОБЕНОСТИ ПОЛИТИЧКИХ ИНСТИТУЦИЈА БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
Authors: Митровић Велимир , Вукичевић Ивана
Published: December 2021

Принцип конститутивности народа и федерални облик државног уређења стварају јединствен политички систем Босне и Херцеговине. Аутори су у раду покушали да укажу на најважније особености политичких институција Босне и Херцеговине које је тај систем изњедрио, да их образложе те предоче њихове посљедице које су се јавиле како у теорији, тако и у пракси. Жаришта у којима су се испољиле те специфичности су изборни систем, састав институција и начин одлучивања у њима, као и њихове надлежности. Избор и састав политичких институција Босне и Херцеговине почива на принципу једнакости конститутивних народа, при чему су занемарена људска права и слободе „Осталих“.
НЕПОДОБАН ПОКУШАЈ У САВРЕМЕНОМ КРИВИЧНОМ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВУ
Authors: Симовић Марина М. , Јовашевић Драган
Published: December 2021

Правило је да се предузимањем једне или више дјелатности које су у закону одређене као елеменат бића кривичног дјела оствари посљедица у смислу проузроковане промјене или стања у спољном свијету. Ипак, у животу су честе ситуације када усљед предузете радње неподобним средством или према неподобном објекту (предмету) посљедица кривич-ног дјела ипак изостаје. У таквим случајевима постоји неподобан покушај кривичног дјела гдје посљедица никако није могла да наступи. Међутим, могуће је да се за предузимање радње извршења захтијева претходно стварање услова и претпоставки, кроз предузимање припремних радњи, којима се омогућује или олакшава кривично дјело. Реална опасност угрожавања заштићеног добра, као и обим и интензитет испољене криминалне воље за проузроковање посљедице предузетом радњом извршења – чини суштину неподобног покушаја и основ кажњивости његовог учиниоца. У овом раду, говори се о појму и карактеристикама, садржају и природи неподобног покушаја у упоредном кривичном законодавству и њиховом упоређивању са рјешењима у кривичном за-конодавству Републике Србије.
ЗАКОНОДАВНИ ЕКПРЕСИОНИЗАМ ИЛИ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛИЗАМ (ОД РЕФОРМЕ КРИВИЧНОГ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА 2003. ГОДИНЕ ДО ДАНАС)
Authors: Петковић Игор
Published: December 2021

У раду се разматрају крупније измјене Кривичног закона Републике Српске извршене у периоду од његовог доношења 2003. године до августа 2013. године. Чиме се руководио законодавац и у коликој мјери је његовом активношћу у протеклој деценији створена основа за остварење сврхе кривичног права? Покушаји да се измијени друштвена стварност учесталим законским измјенама највидљивија je управо у овој области. Нарастајућа очекивања ефеката кривичног права своје задовољење упорно траже у његовој формалној страни, док се занемарује његова материјална, суштинска природа, његов карактер и принципи на којима почива, а којима је на директан начин условљена његова ефикасност. Првобитни законски текст претрпио је шест измјена и допуна. Измјене су у најмањем обиму биле техничке или козметичке природе, напротив већим дијелом дотицале су се веома важних интитута кривичног права. Управо неки од најкрупнијих захвата у законски текст једним измјенама су уношени, а наредним избацивани из текста Закона (напомене ради: овдје се не ради о законима са ограниченим временским трајањем) тако да није претјерано у наслову овог рада задржати ријеч „експериментализам“. Нема сумње да су извијесним измјенама и допунама унапријеђена дотадашња законска рјешења. Фактор који не иде у прилог правној сигурности је и чињеница да, упркос броју, обиму и карактеру ових измјена и допуна, законодавац није усвојио њихов пречишћен текст.
НАСИЉЕ НАД ЖЕНАМА
Authors: Рељић Драгољуб
Published: December 2021

Институт насиља, а посебно насиља у породици, у посљедњих десе-так година представља веома актуелну тему не само у Републици Српској и Босни и Херцеговини, већ и у окружењу. Ради се о веома сложеној теми која се може разматрати са правног, економског, социолошког, психолошког, културолошког и других аспеката. Основни предмет разматрања овог рада јесте насиље над женама, извори правне заштите, како на међународном, тако и на националном нивоу, затим узроци и посљедице насиља. У раду се покушава указати на положај жене која трпи насиље кроз све фазе свог живота, од дјетињ-ства до старости, како у браку, тако и у ванбрачној заједници. Износе се подаци који треба да покрену правничку научно-стручну јавност да се овој теми озбиљније посвети и да дâ одговарајуће приједлоге како би се у будућности понудила боља рјешења заштите жена од насиља.
Pojedini aspekti samoreferentne prirode osnovnih principa saznanja u Fihteovoj i Kantovoj transcendentalnoj koncepciji
Authors: Laketa Saša
Published: December 2021

U radu ćemo, vodeći se promišljanjima vezanim za pojedine aspekte samoreferentne prirode osnovnih principa saznanja koje zatičemo u Fihteovoj i Kantovoj transcendentalnoj koncepciji, pokušati pokazati da problem samoreferentnosti možemo iskoristiti i kao dobru polaznu poziciju za temeljnije promišljanje transcendentalne pozicije uopšte, ali i kao mjesto na kojemu se kritici pojedinih, samorazumljivih, polazišta tradicionalne, dokantovske, filozofije, može pristupiti na jedan drugačiji i efikasniji način. Nasuprot suspstancijalističkim filozofskim koncepcijama, koje su, bilo da polaze iz empirističkog bilo iz racionalističkog filozofskog okolišta, pretpostavljale zajedničko ontološko izvorište u kojemu je, sa manjom ili većom izvjesnošću, trebalo iznaći odgovore na najveći dio filozofskih zapitanosti, transcendentalisti tvrde da osnovni principi saznanja mogu da se iskažu kao principi samo u slučaju kada se njihova uporišna ili referenta tačka neupitno ispostavi kao bitno njihova, autonomna i neodvojiva, odlika i kada se datost predmeta saznanja ispostavi kao njihov konstitutivni/konstruktivni rezultat. Na tom tragu, pozabavićemo se problemom apofatičke prirode samoreferentnosti i sa njim bitno povezanim problemom praktičkog karaktera transcendentalnih principa saznanja, ali i pitanjem opravdanja teorijskosaznajne prednosti samoreferentnih principa. Posljednje pitanje pokušaćemo razriješiti pozivajući se na nekoliko osnovnih motiva koje možemo iznaći u Kantovoj kritici Hjumovog psihologizma.
Concomitant activation of GLI1 and Notch1 contributes to racial disparity of human triple negative breast cancer progression
Authors: Siddharth Sumit , Parida Sheetal , Muniraj Nethaji , Hercules Shawn , Lim David , Nagalingam Arumugam , Wang Chenguang , Gyorffy Balazs , Daniel Juliet M , Sharma Dipali
Published: December 2021

Mortality from triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is significantly higher in African American (AA) women compared to White American (WA) women emphasizing ethnicity as a major risk factor; however, the molecular determinants that drive aggressive progression of AA-TNBC remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that AA-TNBC cells are inherently aggressive, exhibiting elevated growth, migration, and cancer stem-like phenotype compared to WA-TNBC cells. Meta-analysis of RNA-sequencing data of multiple AA- and WA-TNBC cell lines shows enrichment of GLI1 and Notch1 pathways in AA-TNBC cells. Enrichment of GLI1 and Notch1 pathway genes was observed in AA-TNBC. In line with this observation, analysis of TCGA dataset reveals a positive correlation between GLI1 and Notch1 in AA-TNBC and a negative correlation in WA-TNBC. Increased nuclear localization and interaction between GLI1 and Notch1 is observed in AA-TNBC cells. Of importance, inhibition of GLI1 and Notch1 synergistically improves the efficacy of chemotherapy in AA-TNBC cells. Combined treatment of AA-TNBC-derived tumors with GANT61, DAPT, and doxorubicin/carboplatin results in significant tumor regression, and tumor-dissociated cells show mitigated migration, invasion, mammosphere formation, and CD44+/CD24- population. Indeed, secondary tumors derived from triple-therapy-treated AA-TNBC tumors show diminished stem-like phenotype. Finally, we show that TNBC tumors from AA women express significantly higher level of GLI1 and Notch1 expression in comparison to TNBC tumors from WA women. This work sheds light on the racial disparity in TNBC, implicates the GLI1 and Notch1 axis as its functional mediators, and proposes a triple-combination therapy that can prove beneficial for AA-TNBC.
Current freezing and thawing scenarios employed by North Atlantic fisheries: their potential role in Newfoundland and Labrador’s northern cod (Gadus morhua) fishery
Authors: Brown Pete , Dave Deepika
Published: December 2021

Seafood is very perishable and can quickly spoil due to three mechanisms: autolysis, microbial degradation, and oxidation. Primary commercial sectors within the North Atlantic fisheries include demersal, pelagic, and shellfish fisheries. The preservation techniques employed across each sector can be relatively consistent; however, some key differences exist across species and regions to maintain product freshness. Freezing has long been employed as a preservation technique to maintain product quality for extended periods. Freezing allows seafood to be held until demand improves and shipped long distances using lower-cost ground transportation while maintaining organoleptic properties and product quality. Thawing is the opposite of freezing and can be applied before additional processing or the final sale point. However, all preservation techniques have limitations, and a properly frozen and thawed fish will still suffer from drip loss. This review summarizes the general introduction of spoilage and seafood spoilage mechanisms and the latest preservation techniques in the seafood industry, focusing on freezing and thawing processes and technologies. This review also considers the concept of global value chains (GVC) and the points to freeze and thaw seafood along the GVC to improve its quality with the intention of helping Newfoundland and Labrador’s emerging Northern cod (Gadus morhua) fisheries enhance product quality, meet market demands and increase stakeholder value.
Машинное обучение на основе задач математического программирования
Authors: Чернавин Н.П. , Чернавин Ф.П. , Панкращенко В.Н. , Гайнанов Д.Н. , Чернавин П.Ф.
Published: December 2021

Монография написана на стыке двух больших научных направлений: математического программирования и машинного обучения. Авторами предлагается подход к решению ряда практических задач регрессии и классификации на основе математического программирования. Речь идет о задачах, решаемых медицинскими работниками, металлургами, специалистами по неразрушающему контролю, финансистами, банковскими работниками, маркетологами и др. На основе предлагаемого подхода можно решать задачи большой размерности стандартными «солверами» без глубокого изучения математических методов. Помимо узкоутилитарного взгляда на проблемы решения задач машинного обучения обосновывается необходимость философского осмысления самого машинного обучения и адекватности получаемых решений целям исследований. Книга рассчитана на специалистов различных областей, решающих практические задачи, которые требуют осмысленной интерпретации найденных решений.
ТУННЕЛЬНЫЙ ПРОБОЙ P-N-ПЕРЕХОДОВ С ДЕФЕКТАМИ СТРУКТУРЫ, "Электронная техника. Серия 3. Микроэлектроника"
Authors: Скорняков С.П.
Published: December 2021

Обсуждается влияние структурных дефектов при высококонцентрационной диффузии в сильнолегированный кремний на распределение тока по площади и электрические параметры р-n-переходов с лавинным и туннельным механизмами пробоя. Показано, что абсолютно регулярная экспериментальная зависимость напряжения пробоя от площади р-n-перехода с туннельным пробоем подтверждает основные положения теории туннельного пробоя о независимости процесса туннельного пробоя от наличия в р-n-переходе структурных дефектов.
O LUGAR DA PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL EM GEORG SIMMEL
Authors: Visser Ricardo , Rocha Emerson
Published: December 2021

O artigo pretende trazer a discussão acerca do lugar da psicologia social na obra de Georg Simmel. O texto abordará a problemática a partir dos seguintes ângulos: a) a reconstrução geral do lugar da psicologia social na obra simmeliana; b) a apreciação do elo entre a emergência da cultura moderna e o adensamento psicológico da experiência individual; c) reconstruir como direções teóricas semelhantes são tomadas em sua teoria do valor, na qual sujeito e objeto se diferenciam por meio da distância entre o gozo e seu objeto; e, por fim, d) traçaremos como Simmel esteve preocupado em compreender a dialética entre sujeito e objeto a partir de uma ótica capaz de relacionar cognição e pulsão. Espera-se que este debate esclareça o significado sociológico do interesse de Simmel pela psicologia por meio da teoria do desenvolvimento cultural, da gênese dos valores e da personalidade.
AS IDEIAS VOLTARAM AO LUGAR? temporalidades não lineares no neoliberalismo autoritário brasileiro e sua infraestrutura digital
Authors: Cesarino Letícia
Published: December 2021

O artigo aborda como a inflexão populista-autoritária do neoliberalismo global tem ganhado tração no Brasil ao se friccionar com sua densidade histórica pós-colonial, marcada pela disjunção entre ideais liberais, igualitários e universalistas, e uma realidade social desigual e particularista. Volta-se especialmente à convergência infraestrutural entre neoliberalização e plataformização, que, ao consolidar uma temporalidade paradoxal de crise permanente, abre espaço para ressonâncias com “forças e poderes” que também operam de forma não linear, segundo a metafísica da desordem, como os diversos modos de nostalgia, milenarismoe tradicionalismo que acompanham a ascensão da direita radical pelo mundo. Argumento a partir de dois momentos do bolsonarismo: o messianismo populista nas eleições de 2018 e sua rotinização paradoxal enquanto governo parasítico na pandemia da Covid-19, que opera numa temporalidade de exceção. Sugere-se que, diante da deriva iliberal do neoliberalismo contemporâneo, o bolsonarismo lança o Brasil à vanguarda, colocando as ideias “de volta no lugar”.
TERCERIZACIÓN LABORAL EN LA ERA DIGITAL: viejos problemas y nuevos desafios
Authors: Del Bono Andrea , Bulloni María Noel
Published: December 2021

O artigo retoma os debates dos estudos latino-americanos do trabalho sobre terceirização de mão de obra com o intuito de demonstrar certas linhas de continuidade em relação ao desenvolvimento que adquiriram nos últimos anos novas formas de trabalho mediadas pelas tecnologias digitais. Em particular, pretende-se argumentar que a irrupção das plataformas de trabalho é resultado de dinâmicas de reconfiguração organizacional mediadas pelos avanços tecnológicos e pelos processos de digitalização da economia que podem ser disruptivos em certos aspectos, mas também supõem uma continuidade e aprofundamento das evoluções já existentes nos termos de flexibilidade e terceirização de mão de obra. Nesse sentido, salientam-se algumas chaves de interpretação da literatura especializada para enquadrar a compreensão do novo fenômeno (suas lógicas, a complexidade, a variabilidade), bem como suasimplicações e efeitos no campo social-trabalhista (precariedade, ambivalência, heterogeneidade).
Naloxone: Why it's necessary but not a solution to the opioid overdose epidemic
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: December 2021

Naloxone — trade name Narcan — can save the life of someone who is overdosing on opioids. The rescue is almost immediate. What could have been death becomes hope for the future. These are accepted facts and the reason for the support from the federal government and others for wider distribution of naloxone.
Boosting Continuous‐Wave Laser‐Driven Nonlinear Photothermal White Light Generation by Nanoscale Porosity
Authors: Zheng Guojun , Liu Xiaofeng , Wu Jianhong , Zhang Dao , Zhang Duoduo , Xu Zhousu , Cui Yanxia , Qiu Jianrong , Strek Wieslaw
Published: December 2021

The irradiation of an optically absorptive medium by a continuous‐wave (CW) near‐infrared (NIR) laser can result in a spectral continuum emission covering both the visible and NIR regions, which is attractive for applications as continuum light sources in diverse fields. It is shown here that this NIR‐laser‐driven light emission can be effectively modulated with nanoscale architecture in the medium. By using porous silica as the model matrix and Yb3+ ions as the photothermally active centers, up to 100 folds increment in NIR‐laser‐induced emission intensity and dramatic decrease in threshold excitation density are demonstrated. It is observed that the emission intensity exhibits a strong nonlinear dependence on the power of the NIR excitation laser, featuring clear excitation power thresholds. Based on combined numerical simulation and spectral and temperature measurements, the improved broadband emission and photothermal nonlinearity are interpreted by enhanced optical energy localization around the laser spot that results in boosting the photon‐to‐photon conversion efficiency. The use of the nonlinear photothermal emission process as a broadband NIR light source, which could be exploited for applications including NIR spectroscopy, imaging, and sensing, is further demonstrated as a proof‐of‐concept.
Sleep problems in fragile X syndrome: Cross‐sectional analysis of a large clinic‐based cohort
Authors: Budimirovic Dejan B. , Protic Dragana D. , Delahunty Carol M. , Andrews Howard F. , Choo Tse‐Hwei , Xu Qing , Berry‐Kravis Elizabeth , Kaufmann Walter E. ,   for the FORWARD Consortium
Published: December 2021

Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the leading cause of inherited intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, is associated with multiple neurobehavioral abnormalities including sleep difficulties. Nonetheless, frequency, severity, and consequences of sleep problems are still unclear. The Fragile X Online Registry with Accessible Research Database (FORWARD‐version‐3), including Clinician Report and Parent Report forms, was analyzed for frequency, severity, relationship with behavioral problems, and impact of sleep difficulties in a mainly pediatric cohort. A focused evaluation of sleep apnea was also conducted. Six surveyed sleep difficulties were moderately frequent (~23%–46%), relatively mild, affected predominantly younger males, and considered a problem for 7%–20% of families. Snoring was more prevalent in older individuals. All sleep difficulties were associated with irritability/aggression and most also to hyperactivity. Only severe snoring was correlated with sleep apnea (loud snoring: 30%; sleep apnea: 2%–3%). Sleep difficulties are prevalent in children with FXS and, although they tend to be mild, they are associated with behavioral problems and negative impact to families. Because of its cross‐sectional nature, clinic‐origin, use of ad hoc data collection forms, and lack of treatment data, the present study should be considered foundational for future research aiming at better recognition and management of sleep problems in FXS.
Functional characterization and potential therapeutic avenues for variants in the NTRK2 gene causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathies
Authors: Long Ashlee , Crouse Andrew , Kesterson Robert A. , Might Matthew , Wallis Deeann
Published: December 2021

Variants within the Neurotrophic Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Type 2 (NTRK2) gene have been discovered to play a role in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, a group of debilitating conditions for which little is known about cause or treatment. Here, we determine the functional consequences of two variants: p.Tyr434Cys (Y434C) (located in the transmembrane domain) and p.Thr720Ile (T720I) (located in the catalytic domain). Wild‐type and variant cDNAs were constructed and transfected into HEK293 cells. In cell culture, variant Y434C exhibited ligand‐independent activation of tropomyosin‐related kinase B (TRKB) signaling with an associated abnormal response to brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) stimulation and increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and ETS like‐1 protein (ELK1) activity. Expression of variant T720I resulted in decreased TRKB signaling with reduced mTor activity as determined by decreased levels of phosphorylated S6. With the deleterious mechanisms characterized, we utilized mediKanren (a novel artificial intelligence tool) to identify therapeutics to compensate for the pathological effects. Downregulation of TRKB through inhibition with mediKanren‐predicted compound 1NM‐PP1 led to decreased MEK activity. Upregulation of TRKB signaling by mediKanren‐predicted valproic acid led to subsequent increase of mTor activity. Overall, our results provide further characterization of the pathogenicity of these two variants in the NTRK2 gene. Indeed, Y434C is the first patient‐specific NTRK2 variant with demonstrated hypermorphic activity. Furthermore, we observed that variants Y434C and T720I result in distinct functional consequences that require distinct therapeutic strategies. These data suggest the possibility that unique mutations within different regions of the NTRK2 gene results in separate clinical presentations, representing distinct genetic disorders requiring unique therapeutics.
Modelling the effects of variation in growth, recruitment, and harvest on lake sturgeon population viability and recovery
Authors: Nelson Patrick A. , McDougall Craig A. , Koops Marten A. , Barth Cameron C.
Published: December 2021

Regulatory agencies and fisheries managers tasked with implementing recovery plans for endangered species must frequently make decisions based on limited data, while also considering general uncertainty associated with prediction. Population viability analysis (PVA) is a modelling tool that is particularly useful for long‐lived species and can be applied even in the absence of robust estimates of life history parameters. As empirical data are accumulated over time, PVA inputs, model structure, and parameter estimates can be refined to increase model realism and accuracy.

Since the first iterations of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) PVA were run, approximately 15 years ago, based on conservative inputs for Canadian population units, important empirical data have accumulated from a variety of river systems that the species inhabits. Erratic recruitment patterns have been revealed, juvenile survival has been determined to be higher than initially believed, and growth rates have been found to vary by habitat (river) type.

Exploiting an improved biological understanding of the species, somatic growth models derived from three well‐studied lake sturgeon populations were used to examine the effects of recruitment variability and incremental levels of adult harvest (mortality) on the probability of population recovery and risk of population decline. A total of 110 PVA scenarios (with 1,000 replicates per scenario) were run for each of the three somatic growth models (slow, medium, and fast).

The PVA results suggest that the recovery potential for lake sturgeon populations may be higher than previous models, based on conservative inputs, have indicated. A few scenarios resulted in recovery after 100 years, and nearly half of the scenarios resulted in recovery after 250 years. Similarly, the probability of decline for small populations was most sensitive to adult harvest, with little change in the number of scenarios resulting in decline at the time points of 100, 250, and 500 years. A worked example highlights how the targeted monitoring of both juvenile and adult life stages can be used to evaluate the recovery potential of more than one population and prioritize management initiatives, such as harvest reduction and stocking.
Electrodeposition of Cu onto Au(111) from Deep Eutectic Solvents: Molar Ratio of Salt and Hydrogen Bond Donor
Authors: Geng Tanja , Zeller Sven J. , Kibler Ludwig A. , Ceblin Maximilian U. , Jacob Timo
Published: December 2021

The electrodeposition of copper onto Au(111) from Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) type III has been studied by cyclic voltammetry. Investigations were carried out with mixtures of choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG) or trifluoroacetamide (TFA). The eutectic compositions and temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the ChCl/EG DES, a eutectic ratio of 16 : 84 (ChCl:EG) was found instead of the previously reported ratio of 33 : 67. The electrodeposition of copper was studied for electrolytes with different ratios of ChCl to hydrogen bond donor (HBD) to resolve the influence of the composition on the deposition behavior. Both CuCl and CuCl2 were used as Cu salts. Underpotential deposition (UPD) is followed by bulk deposition with the diffusion rate of Cu species being dependent on the ratio of ChCl to HBD. With CuCl2, both Cu+ and Cu2+ species are reduced and deposited, whereby the two‐electron reduction is more dominant with higher chloride content and presence of EG. However, the properties of the Cu electrodeposition do not result from the freezing‐point depression of the DESs, but from the high concentration of ions.
Intracellular Delivery of Antibodies for Selective Cell Signaling Interference
Authors: Hershman Rebecca L. , Li Yamin , Ma Feihe , Xu Qioabing , Van Deventer James A.
Published: December 2021

Many intracellular signaling events remain poorly characterized due to a general lack of tools to interfere with “undruggable” targets. Antibodies have the potential to elucidate intracellular mechanisms via targeted disruption of cell signaling cascades because of their ability to bind to a target with high specificity and affinity. However, due to their size and chemical composition, antibodies cannot innately cross the cell membrane, and thus access to the cytosol with these macromolecules has been limited. Herein we describe strategies for accessing the intracellular space with recombinant antibodies mediated by cationic lipid nanoparticles to selectively disrupt intracellular signaling events. Together, our results demonstrate the use of recombinantly produced antibodies, delivered at concentrations of 10 nM, to selectively interfere with signaling driven by a single posttranslational modification. Efficient intracellular delivery of engineered antibodies opens up possibilities for modulation of previously “undruggable” targets, including for potential therapeutic applications.
Timo: In‐memory temporal query processing for big temporal data
Authors: Zheng Xiao , Liu Houkai , Wang Xiujun , Wu Xuangou , Yu Feng
Published: December 2021

Today's internet applications generate massive temporal data anywhere and anytime. Although some disk‐based temporal systems are currently available, they suffer from poor I/O performance, especially when applied in intelligent applications deployed in the cloud and edge environments. Therefore, how to process temporal operations with low latency and high throughput becomes a crucial problem for efficient data processing. This paper proposes Timo, a distributed in‐memory temporal query and analytic model for big temporal data. Firstly, a space‐efficient temporal index is proposed to support more efficiently query performance with less memory space than the state‐of‐art methods. Secondly, based on the temporal locality feature of temporal queries, Timo proposes a partitioner mechanism, which utilizes forward scan algorithm, to improve query throughput. Thirdly, some optimal strategies are proposed to improve the execution process of temporal query and analysis, which reduce intermediate result data size and improve the throughput much further. Lastly, we implement the Timo system on the Apache Spark platform, which extends Spark dataset API with temporal query and analysis API functions for users. Extensive experimental results show that the Timo system outperforms other Spark‐based temporal systems in terms of both query latency and throughput.
Pyridine‐Containing Donor‐Acceptor Diarylnitroxides: Noncovalent Stabilization of the Redox States
Authors: Levitskiy Oleg A. , Bogdanov Alexey V. , Klimchuk Ivan A. , Magdesieva Tatiana V.
Published: December 2021

A series of new pyridyl‐ or 2‐pyridyloxide‐containing donor‐acceptor diarylnitroxides was obtained and characterized; high stability of the ortho‐2‐pyridyl‐containing diarylnitroxides was determined by kinetic measurements (τ1/2=1733 h in benzene). Comparative voltammetric study of new nitroxides and their analog in which the Py replaces the Ph group revealed both through‐bond and through‐space stabilization of the NO redox states with the pyridyl/ 2‐pyridyloxide moiety, providing reversibility of both oxidation and reduction processes. Adaptive conformational behavior of new pyridyl/pyridyloxide containing nitroxides upon one‐electron oxidation and reduction was confirmed by DFT calculations. Stimuli‐responsive conformational changes allow switching on/off dispersion and electrostatic interactions within the molecule and increase stability of the redox states. Spectroelectrochemical measurements provided experimental evidence for reversibility of the through‐space stabilization of the oxidized state of the nitroxides with the neighboring pyridine lone pair.
Using social values in the prioritization of research: Quantitative examples and generalizations
Authors: Falcy Matthew R.
Published: December 2021

Identifying critical uncertainties about ecological systems can help prioritize research efforts intended to inform management decisions. However, exclusively focusing on the ecological system neglects the objectives of natural resource managers and the associated social values tied to risks and rewards of actions.

I demonstrate how to prioritize research efforts for a harvested population by applying expected value of perfect information (EVPI) to harvest decisions made with a density‐independent matrix population model. Research priorities identified by EVPI diverge from priorities identified by matrix elasticity analyses that ignore social utility.

Using a density‐dependent harvest model, the value of information about the intrinsic productivity of a population is shown to be sensitive to the socially determined penalty for implementing a harvest rate that deviates from the goal because of imperfection in estimation.

Synthesis and applications. The effect of including social values into harvest decision‐making depends on the assumed population model, uncertainty in population vital rates, and the particular form of the utility function used to represent risk/reward of harvest. EVPI analyses that include perceived utility of different outcomes can be used by managers seeking to optimize monitoring and research spending. Collaboration between applied ecologists and social scientists that quantitatively measure peoples' values is needed in many structured decision‐making processes.
Phenotype analysis of cultivation processes via unsupervised machine learning: Demonstration for Clostridium pasteurianum
Authors: Hong Yaeseong , Nguyen Tom , Arbter Philipp , Utesch Tyll , Zeng An‐Ping
Published: December 2021

A novel approach of phenotype analysis of fermentation‐based bioprocesses based on unsupervised learning (clustering) is presented. As a prior identification of phenotypes and conditional interrelations is desired to control fermentation performance, an automated learning method to output reference phenotypes (defined as vector of biomass‐specific rates) was developed and the necessary computing process and parameters were assessed. For its demonstration, time series data of 90 Clostridium pasteurianum cultivations were used which feature a broad spectrum of solventogenic and acidogenic phenotypes, while 14 clusters of phenotypic manifestations were identified. The analysis of reference phenotypes showed distinct differences, where potential conditionalities were exemplary isolated. Further, cluster‐based balancing of carbon and ATP or the use of reference phenotypes as indicator for bioprocess monitoring were demonstrated to highlight the perks of this approach. Overall, such analysis depends strongly on the quality of the data and experimental validations will be required before conclusions. However, the automated, streamlined and abstracted approach diminishes the need of individual evaluation of all noisy dataset and showed promising results, which could be transferred to strains with comparably wide‐ranging phenotypic manifestations or as indicators for repeated bioprocesses with clearly defined target.
The Connection between flow pattern evolution and vibration in 90‐degree pipeline: Bidirectional fluid‐structure interaction
Authors: Liang Zejun , Guo Chunyu , Wang Chunsheng
Published: December 2021

Fluid‐structure coupling is the main cause for the vibration of fluid‐conveying pipelines, and fluid‐solid coupling vibration of fluid‐conveying pipelines is a “typical dynamic problem.” The present paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics and dynamic response of the elbow with simultaneous dual‐thread analysis, aiming to clarify the dynamic change law of pipe vibration induced by gas‐liquid two‐phase flow in the elbow. It can be concluded that the characteristics of the slug flow developed from the interphase instability mechanism have been captured in the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The dynamic evolution information of different two‐phase flow patterns is often accompanied by complex self‐similarity, but has different complex structures, chaotic characteristics, and dynamic behaviors. The unique modal frequencies of each order are applied to the elbow to obtain different exclusive mode shapes. The evolution of the flow pattern is related to the increase in the wave height, and the wave amplitude often depends on the gas‐liquid superficial velocity. The superficial liquid velocity is more sensitive to the influence of flow pattern formation and vibration than that of gas.