bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Infusion and Ethanol Extract of Tamarindus indica L, Scurrula Sp, Mimosa pudica D of Fresh and Dry as Amylase Enzyme Inhibitor
Authors: Devi. Sy Silvera , Nst Musyirna Rahmah , Jannah Ninuk Rodhiatul
Published: December 2019

α-amilase is one of digestive enzyme that hydrolize starch to maltose by α-glukosidase and degradation to form a glucose and continue with blood adsorption through villi of small intestine. Consomption of acarbose drug is one of ways for diabetic treatment to inhibit the activity of α-amilase. Tamarind leaves (Tamarindus indica L) herbal benalu api (Scurrula Sp) and herbal putri malu (Mimosa pudica D) regularly used as medical plant with activity of antidiabetic medicine. The aims of this studies was to analyze the potency of three medical plant with form of infusa and ethanol extract from fresh or dried plant to inhibit activity of α-amilase and akarbose used as positive control. Inhibition potency of sample against activity of α-amilase were determine base on maltose produced by of starch hydrolysis α-amilase to reduction dinitrosalicylic acid become 3-amino-5-nitrosalicylic acid and the absorbance were measured with spektrofotometer at 530 nm. Resulted of percentage inhibition against activity of α-amilase were herbal infusa from dried benalu api 85.58 ± 2,93%, infusa of fresh putri malu 87.40 ± 1,81%, and the dried 98,85 ± 0,66%. These results did not significancy different with inhibition of akarbose 93.89 + 0,02%. Infusa herbal of dried benalu api, fresh and dried putri malu were potential cover for acarbose to used as alternative medicine.
RACISM IN “THE HELP” MOVIE BY TATE TAYLOR (A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH)
Authors: Adam Mutia R
Published: December 2019

This research discusses the discrimination by white people to black people in “The Help” Movie. Black people and white people are separated by many rules that make black people is intimidating, so racism is still growing up until generations. This research aims to analyze the history, concept or types of racism and the struggle that also does by black people in “The Help” Movie. This research used descriptive qualitative methods. The researcher used the Sociological approach to identify and to find out the types of racism contained in The Help movie. In addition, from the result of the analysis, it was found that there are 4 types or concepts of racism in “The Help” Movie, such as the internalized, interpersonal, institutional and societal types by using Paradies and William’s theory. In the last result of analysis, the researcher also found the Struggle that does by the black people in “The Help” Movie.  Keywords: Movie, Racism, Sociological Approach.
Remedial discretion and dilemmas in Asia
Authors: Yap Po Jen
Published: December 2019

Asian courts have mitigated the individual harms and institutional uncertainties associated with the judicial use of delayed remedies by incentivizing the government to comply with the court’s ruling or putting in place judicial safeguards against any legislative delinquency. Expedited remedies like remedial reinterpretation and judicial directives in certain contexts may also be necessary or desirable, even if the judicially imposed result may not be what the enacting legislature had originally intended. Insofar as the legislature can respond and amend these judicial reinterpretation or directives by ordinary legislation, the judiciary does not have the final word and has merely facilitated a constitutional dialogue on rights with the current legislature.
Implementasi Metode Analytic Hierarchy Process Sebagai Sistem Penentu Keputusan Penentuan Pemilihan Makanan Di Menu
Authors: Syahrial Fajar Ramadhan , Thalib Farid
Published: December 2019

Bisnis kuliner adalah salah satu bisnis yang populer di Indonesia dan kini semakin berkembang dengan berbagai macam jenis dan varian. Dalam bisnis kuliner, semakin berkembangnya bisnis ini, semakin banyak pula menu yang akan disajikan. Namun demikian, dengan semakin banyaknya menu dari makanan yang disediakan, biaya operasional yang dikeluarkan akan semakin meningkat juga. Untuk itu, dalam penelitian ini, diterapkan sistem penunjang keputusan dengan menggunakan metode AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) untuk membantu pembuat keputusan dalam proses pemilihan menu atau jenis makanan yang akan ditaruh ke dalam menu, sehingga memudahkan pelaku bisnis kuliner untuk menjalankan bisnis mereka. Dalam penelitian ini disediakan lima alternatif yang berupa makanan dan lima kriteria yang digunakan sebagai penilaian makanan terbaik, yaitu harga jual, harga produksi, rasa, presentasi, dan waktu pembuatan. Dari hasil contoh penelitian untuk kasus yang spesifik, diperoleh hasil bahwa menu “Udang Asam Manis” adalah makanan yang menjadi pilihan utama di antara alternatif lainnya yang ditawarkan.
Identification of BAP1-associated MicroRNAs and Implications in Cancer Development
Authors: Chand Tikam , Chand Tikam
Published: December 2019

Having role in gene regulation and silencing, miRNAs have been implicated in development and
progression of a number of diseases, including cancer. Herein, I present potential miRNAs associated with
BAP1 gene identified using in-silico tools such as TargetScan and Exiqon miRNA Target Prediction. I
identified fifteen highly conserved miRNA (hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, hsa-miR-4319, hsa-miR125b-5p, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-6893-3p, hsa-miR-200b-3p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-505-3p.1,
hsa-miR-429, hsa-miR-370-3p, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-141-3p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, and hsa-miR-429)
associated with BAP1 gene. We also predicted the differential regulation of these twelve miRNAs in
different cancer types.
Class III malocclusion camouflage treatment in adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bellini-Pereira Silvio , Pinzan Arnaldo , Castillo Aron Aliaga-Del , Janson Guilherme , Sakoda Karine Laskos , Cury Sérgio Elias Neves , Bellini-Pereira Silvio
Published: December 2019

Objective: To evaluate the effects of camouflage treatment of Class III malocclusion in adults.
Methods: An electronic search was performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science,
Google Scholar, Lilacs, and Cochrane databases, without limitations regarding publication year or language.
Studies evaluating nongrowing individuals with Class III malocclusion undergoing orthodontic camouflage
treatment with any orthodontic technique, including extraction and non-extraction approaches, were
considered. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to a modified Downs and
Black checklist were performed by two independent reviewers. A third evaluator was included if
disagreements emerged.
Results: Nine studies were included in the review. Eight presented high risk of bias. Different methods for
Class III malocclusion correction were described and included maxillary and mandibular premolar
extractions, mandibular incisor extraction, Class III elastics and distalization of the mandibular dentition.
Extractions in the mandibular arch resulted in lingual tipping and retrusion of the mandibular incisors, and
labial tipping and protrusion of the maxillary incisors. The use of Class III intermaxillary elastics promoted
proclination of the maxillary incisors, extrusion of the maxillary molars, distal tipping of the mandibular
molars, extrusion of the mandibular incisors, and clockwise rotation of the mandible. Distalization of the
mandibular dentition resulted in distal tipping of the mandibular molars, retroclination and retraction of the
mandibular incisors, and counter clockwise rotation of the mandible.
Conclusions: Treatment changes are influenced by the method used to correct the Class III malocclusion
and are primarily dentoalveolar
ORGANIZATION OF SPECIALISTS EDUCATION AND TREINING IN THE FIELD OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IN UKRAINE: PAST AND PRESENT
Authors: Prodanchuk M. G. , Kalashnikov A. A. , Kurdil N. V.
Published: December 2019

Summary. Changes in many areas of economic activity in Ukraine, the introduction of the latest technologies, the emergence of new objects of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and an increase in the level of environmental hazard pose new challenges in the field of preventive medicine, which requires the improvement of theoretical knowledge and practical training of specialists.

Aim. Theoretical justification of new approaches to postgraduate training of Preventive Medicine Physicians in Ukraine in connection with the transformation of the healthcare system into the Public Health system of Ukraine and the introduction of a new model of postgraduate education – the Continuous Professional Development system.

Materials and methods. Normative legal acts of Ukraine in the field of medical education and in the field of activity of the sanitary-epidemiological service of Ukraine were used. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was made up of the methods: bibliosemantic, logical-structural approach, and content analysis.

Results and discussion. The system of training specialists in preventive medicine, which was created during the years of independence of Ukraine in accordance with the needs of the system of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Ukraine, is considered. The analysis of problematic issues related to the modern undergraduate and postgraduate education of preventive medicine doctors in the new legislation in the field of education and science in Ukraine is carried out. The priority areas of development of the system of postgraduate education and training of specialists in preventive medicine based on the model of Continuing Professional Development are highlighted. A new look at the specialty "toxicology" as a promising area of scientific and practical activity and a key tool of the Public Health system is substantiated. The programs of education and training for toxicologists according to the standards of the European Union countries were presented. The prospect of further research in this direction was reasonable.

Conclusions. Reforming the Ukrainian healthcare system towards the creation of the European Public Health system requires a radical change in the model of undergraduate and postgraduate training of preventive medicine physicians, namely the creation of a new professional Public Health group, where the toxicology specialty should be one of the main ones.
THE IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH ON THE DYNAMICS OF DISABILITY IN UKRAINE AMONG THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE WAR TO DETERMINE VOLUME OF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE AND REHABILITATION
Authors: Havlovsky O. D. , Holovanova I. A. , Khorosh M. V. , Tovstyak M. M.
Published: December 2019

Any armed conflict is accompanied by casualties and injuries both from the civilian population and from military personnel, that is, a group of people is receiving health damage for this reason, which requires the establishment of a sustainable level of disability. As a result of Operation United Forces, many negative economic, political, social and psychological consequences have emerged in society: a significant number of people, after being demobilized, return back to civil society, traumatized physically and mentally, introducing features of militarized consciousness and influencing society. At the same time, it should be remembered that post-traumatic illness in military personnel often ends in the development of adverse effects (medical, psychological, social) that lead to long-term or permanent disability and significant economic damage.

The aim of the study. It was to study the dynamics of the disability of war invalids among all persons with disabilities and to identify and analyze their disability status. Material and methods. The following indicators were examined: number of war invalids, number of war invalids by groups. To study the dynamics of these indicators used data from the Ukrainian State Medical and Social Center of War Veterans. The time frame of the observation was 2016-2018. The statistics were evaluated using the method of dynamic series analysis to determine the absolute level and rate of increase. Ranking method was used to compare indicators in different regions of Ukraine. Results and conclusions. When analyzing the dynamics of disability in Ukraine as a whole, there is a decrease in the number of war invalids (the average rate of decline is 9.5%). This indicator is highest in Kyiv, Kharkiv, Chernihiv and Dnipropetrovsk regions. Analyzing the number of disabled people in groups, it was found that: the number of disabled people in group I tends to decrease throughout Ukraine; the number of disabled people of the second group has a slight tendency to decrease due to Vinnytsia, Donetsk, Zaporizhia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kyiv, Kirovograd, Lviv, Mykolaiv, Rivne, Sumy, Kharkiv, Khmelnytsky, Chernivtsi regions; the number of disabled people of group III is gradually increasing all over Ukraine, except for Transcarpathian region.
RATIONALE, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL-ORGANIZATIONAL MODEL FOR IMPROVEMENT OF SECONDARY PREVENTION OF ACTINIC KERATOSIS
Authors: Оshyvalova О. О. , Zyukov O. L.
Published: December 2019

It is known that effective prevention of skin cancer is to identify individuals with a high level of risk factors for skin cancer, timely diagnosis and active treatment of precancerous skin lesions. Among the diseases that pose an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma are actinic keratosis. Thus, effective prevention of actinic keratosis is one of the crucial factors in justifying cost minimization and improving patients' quality of life.

Aim – to substantiate the improvement of secondary prevention of actinic keratosis by developing a functional-organizational model based on a process approach.

Material and methods.The methods of system and process approach, system and content analysis are applied in the research; medical-statistical, descriptive modeling. Statistical processing of material using EZR v. 1.35.

Results. The proposed model envisages a number of structural elements and functions inherent in them, from the provision of health services at the level of a health care facility to communicative, informational-analytical, educational-methodological and scientific, resource and regulatory support at the territorial and national levels of government. The advantages of the proposed model include its justification based on the results of research, international developments, as well as current regulatory documents, medical standards. The implementation of the model will allow the healthcare provider to select and apply the necessary set of preventive measures in accordance with the medical-technological standards of medical care. The values ​​of the coefficients of variation for all the distinguished advantages of the model, which were evaluated during the examination, did not exceed 10.0%, which indicates a low degree of variability and unanimity of expert estimates.

Conclusions. The proposed functional and organizational model for improving the secondary prevention of actinic keratosis is in line with the principles of comprehensiveness and continuity of medical care and provides patients with quality and affordable medical care while optimizing available resources.
PECULIARITIES OF RISK FACTORS FOR GLAUCOMA PROGRESSION AND THEIR IMPACT ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE DISEASE
Authors: Koshchynets O. B. , Kapechuk V. V. , Krytsun N. U.
Published: December 2019

Objective: To identify factors of glaucoma progression andt heir impact on the development of late-stage glaucoma.

Materials and methods. Analysis of literary sources, sociological and medical-statistic. As part of a special program running at three in-patient ophthalmology departments at district hospitals in Ivano-Frankivsk region. A representative group of  515 people with primary glaucoma, including 347 respondents from I-II (initial) stage of primary glaucoma and 168 patients of III-IV (later) stages of the disease have been surveyed.

Results and discussion. It was proved that the chances of complicated course of glaucoma increase with age, in males, in patients with burdened heredity and concomitant cardiovascular diseases. Poor education, unemployment, loneliness, poor physical and social activity, harmful habits facilitate vision deterioration in glaucoma patients.

Conclusions. It was reported that the development of late-stage glaucoma significantly decreases quality of life by deteriorating health, decreased daily activity, increased anxiety and depression, elevated sense of social insecurity. The chances of late-stage glaucoma development increase with insufficient coverage by ophthalmological screening and low compliance tot reatment. This indicates the potential to prevent complications of glaucoma at the level of primary healthcare.
INFLUENCE OF BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH DYSCIRCULATORY ENCEPHALOPATHY (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Ovodyuk N. M.
Published: December 2019

Goal. To review the literature on the problem of the influence of variability of blood pressure on the cognitive function of patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy after suffering ischemic stroke on the background of hypertension.

Research Methods: Bibliosemantic, Comparative and Systemic Results. In the Recommendations of the European Society of Cardiologists / European Society for Hypertension (European Approach).

Society for Cardiology / European Society of Hypertension - ESC / ESH) 2018 for the treatment of hypertension emphasized that the study of cognitive function (CF) should be mandatory in the list of methods of examination of patients to detect the damage of target organs caused by hypertension, in order refinement of stratification of risk of cardiovascular events, namely stroke (Williams B. et al., 2018). Cognitive impairment in patients with cardiovascular disease is known to be one of the earliest and most sensitive indicators of cerebral vascular injury and is a consequence of chronic cerebral ischemia and / or recurrent acute cerebral circulation disorders. It is proved that the variability of blood pressure has a negative effect on cerebral circulation, is a predictor of chronic brain ischemia, which can result in the appearance or deepening of cognitive impairment. In the ASCOT study on the prognostic significance of variability in daily monitoring of blood pressure, intracutaneous variability, and long-term variability, it was found that visit-to-visit variability is a strong predictor of stroke and coronary events, not independent of the level.

Conclusions. Analysis of the literature on this problem has shown the negative effect of blood pressure variability on the course of chronic brain ischemia, which exacerbates cognitive and emotional-volitional disorders in patients with hypertensive dyscirculatory encephalopathy. The peculiarities of the effect of blood pressure variability on CF in patients with brain stroke are poorly understood and need further investigation.
THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY DOCTOR IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS
Authors: Bevzenko T. B. , Mantula A. A.
Published: December 2019

Psoriasis is a common multifactorial, immunoassociated disease. Approximately one-third of patients have the disease in a recurrent manner and have a moderate or severe course. In addition to dermatological manifestations and lesions of the musculoskeletal system systemic manifestations and certain comorbid conditions are often observed in psoriasis: diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity and others. A patient with psoriasis falls into the professional field of interest of doctors in the following specialties: family doctor, dermatologist, rheumatologist, traumatologist, endocrinologist, cardiologist.

At the present phase of reforming of the health care system, in our opinion, the regulation of medical-diagnostic measures for GPs is especially relevant. The article presents in detail the route and management of a patient with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis. Patients should be consulted annually by their GP, which includes documenting the severity of the disease using the DLQI scale, screening for depression, assessing cardiovascular risk, assessing joint symptoms, optimizing local therapy, evaluating the need for referral to a secondary care facility. Active intervention is needed to improve patients' quality of life and reduce the probability of psychosocial consequences.

The problem of psoriasis is an relevant medical, social and economic challenge in Ukraine. Undoubtedly, сonsidering the systemic nature of psoriatic disease and comorbidities, a personalized and multidisciplinary approach is required. Forehanded diagnostic, treatment measures, as well as collaborations with related professionals by family doctors determine the prognosis for the health and quality of life of a patients with psoriasis.
SEROLOGICAL MONITORING OF POPULATION ANTITOXIC ANTI-DIPHTHERIA IMMUNITY IN RESIDENTS OF DNIPROPETROVSK REGION
Authors: Revenko G. O. , Budayeva I. V. , Mavrutenkov V. V.
Published: December 2019

The goal of the work – to present the analysis of epidemiological monitoring of anti-diphtheria protection of the population of Dnepropetrovsk region, to show the generalizing epidemiological situation of diphtheria, to substantiate the need for the development of tools to improve vaccination and to prove the feasibility of regular epidemiology.
Material and methods. Epidemiological analysis of anti-diphtheria immunity (2016-2017) was performed on the basis of the results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antibody-IgG against diphtheria toxin (RIDASCREEN Diphtherie IgG (Germany)) in 185 residents of the age from 1 year to 60 years, from them 166 people were included into representative group.
Results. An analysis of the results revealed that only 34.05% (n =63) of the population have antitoxic antibody titers of 1.0 IU/ml or more, providing these residents with adequate protection against diphtheria in the next 5-7 years of life. , most of the population (65.95%) requires immediate single booster vaccination (n=91; 49.19%) or immediate baseline vaccination (n=31; 16.76%). Overall, the results suggest that if diphtheria may occur in country: the disease is likely to be epidemiological or epidemic in nature, as 66% (n=122) of the population do not have sufficient immunological anti-diphtheria protection and require immediate baseline or booster vaccination; children under 15 years of age and adults over 27 will be the most vulnerable to diphtheria.
Conclusions. There are the need to develop strategic measures for mass vaccination of the population (children and adults) against diphtheria, mechanisms for government control over the effectiveness of vaccination, mechanisms of civil or legal liability for voluntary refusal of vaccination without medical indications. It is appropriate and necessary to conduct regular epidemiological monitoring of the intensity of post-vaccination protection of the population against vaccine-preventable infections, in general, including diphtheria.
THE IMMUNOMODELING ACTIVITY OF BISMUTH CITRATE IN EXPERIMENT 1-CSTL AND LABORATORY OF INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY
Authors: Hrushka О. I. , Turkina V. A. , Kuzminov B. P.
Published: December 2019

The aim of the study. To investigate in experimental conditions the effect of bismuth citrate on the immune system of laboratory animals.

Material and methods. One-time sensitization of tadpoles (subcutaneously into the ear) was performed according to the method of O.G. Alekseeva, A.I. Petkevich. The degree of sensitization was established after skin tests. Determined the leucocyte blood formula, T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood by the rosette method, immunoglobulins of class A, M, G in serum - by the method of radial immunodiffusion of globulines in agar Difco, circulating and extracellular complexes detection of the response of blood cells to the allergen "in vitro" - by the reaction of specific leukocyte lysis.

Results. Bismuth citrate causes impaired immunological homeostasis in experimental animals. Indicators of nonspecific cellular component of the immune system have changed significantly, characterizing immunocomplex pathology. A decrease in the T-helper subpopulation was observed, indicating a significant immunomodulatory ability of bismuth citrate. At the same time, there was a significant increase in cells capable of rosette formation, which suggests that bismuth citrate is capable of provoking sensitization of the body. In the humoral immunity link, significant differences in the content of circulating immune complexes in sensitized and control animals were observed. Immunoglobulin levels were unchanged relative to control. The analysis of the sensitizing effect indicates that the most probable result of sensitization of the organism in this mode of receipt of bismuth citrate is the formation of type III hypersensitivity.

Conclusions. Bismuth citrate under experimental conditions causes changes in the immune system of experimental animals, which are characteristic of the allergenic response of the organism to the complement-dependent type.
Manajemen Privasi Jemaat Ahmadiyah di Kota Semarang
Authors: Syaoki Muhammad
Published: December 2019

Abstrak:    Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan perilaku komunikasi Jemaat Ahmadiyah dalam posisi mereka sebagai kelompok yang dilarang menyebarkan ajarannya.  Dengan menggunakan teori manajemen privasi komunikasi yang diperkenalkan oleh Sandra Petronio, penelitian ini berusaha menjelaskan proses dialektis yang dilakukan oleh jemaat Ahmadiyah di kota Semarang ketika berinteraksi dengan banyak orang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Jemaat Ahmadiyah melakukan pembukaan informasi privat dengan komunikasi langsung dan tidak langsung. Jemaat Ahmadiyah melakukan pembukaan informasi privat bertujuan untuk mengklarifikasi kesalahpahaman ghair tentang Ahmadiyah. Jemaat Ahmadiyah kota Semarang cenderung menutup informasi privat mereka kepada keluarga dan teman ketika mereka baru berbai’at. Mereka juga menutup informasi privat kepada orang-orang Muhammadiyah, serta kepada kelompok-kelompok Islam garis keras, seperti FPI, LDII, termasuk juga kader PKS. Tetapi mereka membuka informasi mengenai Ahmadiyah kepada orang-orang dari kalangan NU, dan aparatur pemerintah. Abstract :   This research aims to describe the behavior of Ahmadiyyah community in their position as a group that is prohibited from spreading its teachings. Using the communication privacy management theory introduced by Sandra Petronio, this research attempts to explain the dialectical process undertaken by the Ahmadiyah community in the Semarang city while interacting with many people in everyday life. The results of this study indicate that the Ahmadiyyah community conducts the opening of private information with direct and indirect communication. The Ahmadiyah community conducted the opening of private information aimed to clarify misunderstanding about “ghair” of Ahmadiyah. The Ahmadiyah community of Semarang tends to hide their private information from family and friends when they are newly banned. They also hide private informations to Muhammadiyah people, as well as to hard-line Islamic groups, such as FPI, LDII, as well as PKS cadres. But they do not hide information about Ahmadiyyah to people from the NU, and the government apparatus.
Gejala Media Sosial Twitter Sebagai Media Sosial Alternatif
Authors: Zukhrufillah Irfani
Published: December 2019

Abstrak: Kajian ini tertujuan untuk mengetahui sejarah perkembangan teknologi komunikasi hingga memasuki era digital dan social media. Terlebih media social twitter yang perkembangannya pesat dan pengguna di Indonesia pun mengalami kenaikan yang semakin signifikan. Kajian ini menggunakan landasan teori peluru dan agenda setting. Hasilnya dapat dilihat bahwa dari gejala-gejala yang muncul, dapat dikatakan bahwa twitter menjadi media alternative setelah para pendahulunya seperti radio, televisi dan koran. Penyebutan sebagai media alternatif ini bukan tanpa bukti. Para penggunanya yang semakin besar juga diwujudkan dalam keaktifan mereka dalam mentweet kegiatan sehari-hari. Bahkan tidak jarang para follower mengetahui berita tentang seseorang dari twitter. Para pengguna juga semakin berlomba mendapatkan follower demi verifikasi yang dilakukan oleh twitter sendiri. Abstract :   This study aims to know the history of the development of communication technology in arrival of digital and social media era. Moreover social media twitter that has develop faster and users in Indonesia also increase significantly. This study uses a bullet theory and agenda setting. The results can be seen that from the symptoms that appear, it can be said that twitter became an alternative media after its predecessors such as radio, television and newspapers. The mention of this alternative medium is not without evidence. The larger users are also embodied in their activities in tweeting their daily activities. In fact, not infrequently the follower knows news about someone from twitter. The users are also increasingly competing to get follow-up follower by the twitter itself.
Inklusion zwischen Potenzialität und Latenz: Soziale Teilhabe als dispositionelle Eigenschaft
Authors: Behrendt Hauke
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this paper is to defend an understanding of social participation that spells out inclusion as a dispositional property. I assume that an agent must occupy at least one position within a social order so that he is leastways partially included. The fact that a social position
is open to someone means that he has the opportunity to take it. However, disputed is how "having the opportunity" should be understood exactly. My thesis, which I will develop and defend in the context of this article, is: Since the appropriate application context decides whether the role
characteristics of an agent actually become manifest, participation is a dispositional property. Therefore, a role is not open to someone only if he cannot claim a certain status for himself, even though he is in the relevant context. It is thus not a logical or metaphysical modality, but
a normative modality that is relevant in terms of the openness of a role. Hence, social participation consists in a normative status that takes effect when certain conditions occure.
SELF-ACUPRESSURE TO LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE ON OLDER ADULTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Dermawan Agus Citra , Setiawati Santun , Maryam Raden Siti
Published: December 2019

Hypertension is often suffered by older adults, which directly can impact their health and quality of life. One of the non-pharmacological management for patients with hypertension is through acupressure to accelerate blood-flow circulation and to reduce blood pressure.Â  This study aims to determine the self-acupressure effect on the elderly with hypertension in Cilincing Health Center in North Jakarta. This research used a quasi-experimental involving control and intervention group. Thirty-six elderlies were involved in this study divided into two groups. Findings showed that there were significant differences in the intervention group between the results of systolic and diastolic measurements before and after acupressure (p-value=0,000). The findings suggest that families can apply self-acupressure as a support system for older adults with hypertension.
THE ANALYSIS RELATED VARIATION SLICE THICKNESS TO IMAGE INFORMATION RECONSTRUCTION MAXIMUM INTENSITY PROJECTION (MIP) MSCT ABDOMINAL ANGIOGRAPHY IN THE HOSPITAL TELOGOREJO SEMARANG
Authors: Kartikasari Yeti , Baskoro Nurdopo , Erfansyah Muhammad , Setyowati Anik
Published: December 2019

The Research of this study was to determine the relationship of slice thickness to Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) reconstructive image information and determine the exact slice thickness to the MIP processing of MSCT examination of Abdominal Angiography. Type of research is quantitative with an experimental approach, using a sample of 6 patients. Each patient performed a MIP reconstruction of the abdominal artery that is truncus coeliacs artery, gastric artery, hepatic artery, splenic artery, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, renal artery, and communis iliac artery with variations in slice thickness of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mm. Correlation test results produce a P-value= 0.001 smaller than Î±= 0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is a relationship between slice thickness with image information on the MIP processing of abdominal arteries. Correlation coefficient value obtained is 0.593 so that the relationship obtained is moderate. The negative relationship is that the smaller the slice thickness, the diagnostic information on the abdominal artery is clearer, the greater the slice thickness, the diagnostic information generated is increasingly unclear. MIP reconstruction of the abdominal artery can produce clear image information on 5 mm and 10 mm.
LEVELS OF MINERALS, VITAMIN AND POWER RECEIVED IN DRINK INFUSED WATER WITH DIVERSIFICATION
Authors: Surati Surati , Widiyanto SY. Didik , Qomariyah Nurul , Wikandari Ririh Jatmi
Published: December 2019

Infused water is drinking waterÂ that has been given additional pieces of fruit so that the water gives a certain sensation of water. Infused water are consumed by the community because the manufacturing process is easy and use local fruits. To determine the vitamin content (A and C), mineral content (K, Ca, Mg) and acceptability of infused water with sample codes (A, B and C). The benefits of this study are to be able to add to the list of healthy and nutritious drinks that are beneficial for health because infused water contains vitamins and minerals. Experiments with Complete Random Design (CRD), Sample code A, B and C in the analysis of vitamin levels, mineral content and acceptability. Acceptance analysis was carried out FriedmanÂ test andÂ Wilcoxon test. Vitamin and mineral levels were analyzed by ANOVA and LSD statistics. Infused water contains mineral potassium,Â calcium and magnesium and contains vitamins A and C, there are significant differences between the sample code A, B and C. Infused water containing minerals, vitamins, and accepted by the community.
THE EFFECT OF ELDERLY ACADEMIC AND ACUPRESSURE IN THE DECREASE OF HYPERTENSION IN POSYANDU LANSIA SRONDOL BANYUMANIK SEMARANG
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Azizah Aisyah Nur , Kadafi Amirul , Mardiyono Mardiyono
Published: December 2019

Elderly Gymnastics, Acupressure, Hypertension, Elderly. Hypertension is the number one occurrence that causes death. Hypertension is a lifelong disease and treatment can be done using blood and using long-term anti hypertensive agents. The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients could make improvements in hypertensive patients at the Posyandu Srondol Banyumanik elderly. This type of research is quasi experimental design with a sample of 22 respondents, 11 respondents received treatment for elderly gymnastics while 11 respondents received acupressure treatment. The study was conducted once a week for 3 weeks with 60 minutes of elderly gymnastics and 10 minutes of acupressure. The results of this study prove that there were no significant differences in blood pressure before and after treatment. This is evidenced by the value of Ï more than 0.05. In addition from the results of the mean mean difference between acupressure and elderly gymnastics, it can be seen that acupressure is more effective in lowering blood pressure compared to elderly gymnastics. Conclusion: acupressure is more effective in lowering blood pressure than elderly exercise.
DIFFERENCE OF THE IMAGE INFORMATION AXIAL PELVIC MRI USING DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGE SEQUENCE WITH THE VARIATION OF B VALUE IN CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Indrati Rini , Primadita Distyarini , Ferriastuti Widiana , Jannah Marichatul , Mulyati Sri , Daryati Siti
Published: December 2019

Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer worldwide, it is reaching 15% of all kind of cancer in women. There are several ways to diagnose cervical cancer, one of them is an MRI. One of the MRI sequences which can perform the pathology of cervical cancer is Diffusion-Weighted Image. The aim of this research is to find out the anatomical differences between axial slice image of Pelvic MRI which is using DWI sequence with the variation of b value in the case of cervical cancer, and also to reveal the optimal b value to obtain the image of Pelvic MRI which is using DWI sequence in the case of cervical cancer. The method of this research is experimental with the comparison of static groups. Data is 30 images of axial DWI Pelvic MRI from 10 patientsÂ in the case of cervical cancerÂ with 3 different variations of b value, which are 600 s/mm2, 800 s/mm2, and 1000 s/mm2. Assessment of information image data done by the radiologist. Data analysis by Friedman and Wilcoxon Test. The result showed thatÂ there are differences of image information between axial Pelvic MRI which is using the DWI sequence with the variation of b value in the case of cervical cancerÂ with a significant p-value less than 0.001. Differences in image information occur in the tumor, expansion of tumor, parametrium until the pelvic wall and lymph. The optimal use of b value for axial Pelvic MRI with DWI sequence in the case of cervical cancer is 600 s/mm2.
Nutrition by design: a review of biotechnology in functional food
Authors: Reynolds Thomas John , Martirosyan Danik M
Published: December 2019

Background: Medical institutions in industrial and developing countries are increasingly turning to functional foods as intervention in chronic disease. Advances in genetic engineering have provided methods of purposefully designing functional foods and bioactive compound-producing organisms. This literature review examines the recent history of biotechnological applications in functional food, the state of bioagricultural engineering for high-value compound production, and the challenges that developers face in promulgating functional foods from biotechnological sources. Based on the literature reviewed, it is predicted that adding biotechnologically-produced compounds will be more successful in producing novel functional foods.Keywords: Biotechnology; functional food; genetic engineering, golden rice, algae
Black rice as a functional food in Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Rarastoeti , Purwestri Yekti Asih
Published: December 2019

Background: There are many local black rice cultivars in Indonesia, yet only a few of these are formally described in the literature. It has been reported that black rice has many phytochemical variants which may contribute to its use as a functional food, including nutraceuticals and secondary metabolites such as anthocyanin, oryzanol, and more. The purpose of this article was to review literature describing black rice cultivars from Indonesia, with a particular focus on its potential use as a functional food. Our literature search revealed several articles that describe black rice in relation to its nutraceutical properties and its role in reducing non-communicable diseases. Other studies describe the diversity of local pigmented rice and its potential for lowering the risk of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and for cancer prevention. Black rice has been described as a functional food in several countries; however, there is great diversity among cultivars and further research on Indonesian varieties will determine whether local variants are candidates as well for the development of functional foods.  Keywords: black rice cultivar, functional food, non-communicable diseases, nutraceutical, phytochemical
Reduction of blood pressure by aronia berries through inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney
Authors: Yamane Takuya , Kozuka Miyuki , Imai Momoko , Yamamoto Yoshio , Ohkubo Iwao , Sakamoto Tatsuji , Nakagaki Takenori , Nakano Yoshihisa
Published: December 2019

Background: Aronia berries contain many important effects on potential health, with previous studies suggesting that aronia juice is useful for the treatment of hypertension.Objective: To examine whether aronia berries have improvement effects on hypertension through the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity.Method: The normal diet containing 10% freeze-dried aronia berries was administered to five spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) in each group for 28 days, with their body weight, food intake, and systolic blood pressure being measured. At 28 days after administration of aronia berry-containing diets, the serum, lungs, and kidneys were isolated and used for measurement of ACE activity.Results: In this study, we found that blood pressure in SHRs fed freeze-dried aronia berries-containing diet decreased compared with the blood pressure in SHRs fed normal diet. We also discovered that the catalytic activity of ACE was reduced in the kidney of SHRs fed freeze-dried aronia berries-containing diet but not in the lungs of aronia berries-administered rats.Conclusion: Aronia berries have beneficial effects on the amelioration of hypertension through inhibition of the kidney renin-angiotensin system.Key word: aronia, hypertension improvement, kidney renin-angiotensin system, ACE.
Demonstrating the relationship between the phytochemical profile of different teas with relative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities
Authors: Chen Xiu-Min , Kitts David D , Ma Zhili
Published: December 2019

Background: Indigenous or traditional aqueous plant extracts are commonly used by as much as 80% of the world’s population for primary health needs. Teas including Camellia sinensis teas and herbal teas were characterized for phytochemical content and the potential to offer specific bioactivities that could benefit human health by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Context and purpose of this study: In present study, we compared the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of four Camellia sinensis (white, green, oolong, and black) teas and two herbal (Rooibos and Yerba mate) teas that are produce and consumed by different population worldwide. We also studied the impact of Rooibos tea on the production of inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and different cytokines in Raw 264.7 cells, both with or without interferon γ (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.Results: White tea had the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity among these six teas examined, whereas, Rooibos tea has the lowest TPC, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Yerba mate tea had the greatest potential to inhibit NO production in IFN-γ and LPS-induced Raw 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of teas was found to be correlated with antioxidant activity and phytochemical composition. Among the six teas examined, only Rooibos tea was found to induce NO in unstimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Under basal conditions, Rooibos tea induced interleukin (IL)-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α), iNOS and COX-2 production. However, Rooibos tea also showed a dose-dependent inhibition of IL-6, IL-10, iNOS and COX-2 expression in stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Although high concentration Rooibos tea was affective to inhibit induced IL-1α, G-CSF and GM-CSF, low concentration Rooibos tea also can up-regulate the expression of these cytokines. No inhibitory effects of all teas examined were found on mitigation of IL-1β and TNF-α.Conclusions: Rooibos tea can show dual functions on inflammation, by either promoting an inflammatory response to cytokines induction or, alternatively inhibit inflammation on exposure to cytokine treatment, such as tissue injury or a pathogen infection. Rooibos tea also has marked value in mitigating disease states such as hypertension and cardiovascular diseases where induction of NO production is important.Keywords: Camellia sinensis, Rooibos tea, herbal tea, inflammation, cytokine, antioxidant
Magnesium Chloride is an Effective Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Santos Julianna Maria , Hussain Fazle
Published: December 2019

Background: Reduced levels of magnesium can cause several diseases and increase cancer risk. Motivated by magnesium chloride’s (MgCl2) non-toxicity, physiological importance, and beneficial clinical applications, we studied its action mechanism and possible mechanical, molecular, and physiological effects in prostate cancer with different metastatic potentials.Methods: We examined the effects of MgCl2, after 24 and 48 hours, on apoptosis, cell migration, expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and V-H+-ATPase, myosin II (NMII) and the transcription factor NF Kappa B (NFkB) expressions.Results: MgCl2 induces apoptosis, and significantly decreases migration speed in cancer cells with different metastatic potentials.  MgCl2 reduces the expression of V-H+-ATPase and myosin II that facilitates invasion and metastasis, suppresses the expression of vimentin and increases expression of E-cadherin, suggesting a role of MgCl2 in reversing the EMT. MgCl2 also significantly increases the chromatin condensation and decreases NFkB expression.Conclusions: These results suggest a promising preventive and therapeutic role of MgCl2 for prostate cancer. Further studies should explore extending MgCl2 therapy to in vivo studies and other cancer types.Keywords: Magnesium chloride, prostate cancer, migration speed, V-H+-ATPase, and EMT.
L-Carnitine has a liver-protective effect through inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase induction in primary cultured rat hepatocytes
Authors: Nakamura Yusuke , Iida Hiroya , Nakatake Richi , Sakaguchi Tatsuma , Kaibori Masaki , Okumura Tadayoshi , Hamada Yoshinori , Doi Takashi
Published: December 2019

Background: L-Carnitine has protective effects on various injured organs. However, it has not been reported whether L-carnitine influences the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression during inflammation. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by iNOS is an inflammatory indicator in organs which become inflamed, including the liver.Objective: This study aimed to examine whether L-carnitine influences the induction of iNOS gene expression in inflammatory cytokine-stimulated hepatocytes and the mechanisms involved in the action. Methods: L-Carnitine was added into the primary cultures of rat hepatocytes stimulated by interleukin-1β (an in vitro liver injury model). The production of NO and induction of iNOS and its signaling pathway were analyzed.Results: Transfection experiments with iNOS promoter-luciferase constructs revealed how L-carnitine inhibited iNOS mRNA synthesis activity and reduced its stability. In support of this observation, L-carnitine reduced iNOS mRNA and iNOS protein expression levels, resulting in reduced NO production. L-Carnitine blocked two essential pathways for iNOS induction: IκB kinase (IκB degradation/NF-κB activation) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt (type I IL-1 receptor upregulation).Conclusions: L-Carnitine inhibited the induction of inflammatory mediator iNOS, partially through inhibition of NF-κB activation, which demonstrated L-carnitine has protective effects in an in vitro liver injury model. L-Carnitine may have therapeutic potential for organ injuries, including the liver.Keywords: L-carnitine, hepatic encephalopathy, inducible nitric oxide synthase, liver injury, primary cultured hepatocytes, nuclear factor-κB, type I interleukin-1 receptor