bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Problems of Implementation of Assistance for Witnesses
Authors: Yulistyani Novita Irma , Ma'ruf Umar , Witasari Aryani
Published: May 2022

Proof of a crime, the evidence that must be met is at least 2 pieces of evidence. Evidence that must be submitted in proving a crime is evidence in the form of witness statements. Witness testimony will determine whether a crime can be proven or not before the trial. Considering the importance of witness testimony in proving a crime, it should be balanced with legal protection for witnesses, one of which is by providing assistance in the form of medical assistance, psychosocial rehabilitation and/or psychological rehabilitation. This study aims to answer the problems, namely: first, why is assistance needed for witnesses? second, has the implementation of providing assistance for witnesses been effective? Third, what are the problems faced in providing assistance for witnesses and what are the solutions? The research method uses sociological juridical with a legal research approach using secondary data as initial data, which is then followed by primary data in the field or on the community. Primary data was obtained by obtaining directly from the field through unstructured interviews, secondary data obtained through library research consisting of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Qualitative data analysis emphasized the analysis on the process of deductive and inductive inference as well as on the dynamics of the relationship between phenomena that observed using scientific logic. The research problems were analyzed using the theory of legal protection, the theory of legal effectiveness and the theory of justice. The results of the research and discussion of this study can be concluded that the reasons for the need for assistance for witnesses are because witnesses are very decisive evidence in the process of proving criminal cases, witnesses must be free and safe in giving testimony and many witnesses need medical assistance, psychological rehabilitation and/or or psychosocial rehabilitation. Regarding the effectiveness of assistance for witnesses, currently it has not been effective. This is due to the legal factors themselves, law enforcement factors and community factors. This is because there are problems from the lack of knowledge by law enforcement officers, the absence of rules that bind law enforcers, the absence of synergy between law enforcement agencies and the lack of socialization to the public regarding the assistance for witnesses.
The Implementation of Rehabilitation against Narcotics Abuser
Authors: Umaya Noorul , Hanim Latifah , Sugiharto R. Sugiharto
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics abusers, to find out and analyze the obstacles faced by the Public Prosecutor in implementing the rehabilitation of narcotics abusers and their solutions. The research approach method used is the sociological juridical method. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics abusers is carried out entirely by the National Narcotics Agency (BNN). The obstacles faced by the Public Prosecutor in implementing rehabilitation are the absence of juridical qualifications between the types of criminal offenses and violations, the absence of a special rehabilitation center for narcotics abusers, the lack of rehabilitation technicians and the limited rehabilitation budget owned by the National Narcotics Agency (BNN).
The Law Enforcement in Judges' Decisions based on Progressive Law
Authors: Hartoyo Eko , Widayati Widayati , Maerani Ira Alia
Published: May 2022

This study aims to identify and examine law enforcement in judges' decisions based on progressive law. This study uses a normative juridical approach with descriptive analysis. The data used was secondary data obtained through literature study, which was then analyzed qualitatively. Based on the research, it is concluded that law enforcement in fair judge decisions is based on progressive law, namely in making decisions, judges adhere to their conscience. Progressive law is very important to be presented as a philosophical and theoretical basis for judges in handling cases in court. Judges have the freedom of logic to find and create laws that are in accordance with the community's sense of justice, because the law is for humans, not the other way around. The discovery of law in the context of making decisions, is not merely legalistic, does not only fulfill legal formalities or just maintains order, has a vision of foresight (visionary) who has the moral courage to make legal breakthroughs, and takes sides and is sensitive to fate and the state of the nation and state.
The Application of Principle of Mistake as Legal Liability on the Criminal Theft
Authors: Heriyansyah Muhammad , Purnawan Amin , Sulchan Achmad
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the application of the principle of error as legal responsibility for the crime of theft in the Tanjungpinang District Court Decision. By using a normative juridical approach that is descriptive analytical. The results of the study showed that the application of the principle of guilt as absolute liability in criminal law as the basis for imposing a crime, the defendant was proven unlawfully against the law in violating the material elements of Article 363 paragraph (1) 3 and 4 of the Criminal Code. So the form of error committed by the defendant if qualified is intentional. Deliberately can mean deliberately to do something and deliberately not to do something that should be done.
Critical Jugaad Ontologies: Practices for Just Future
Authors: Butoliya Deepa
Published: May 2022

Design, however critical, does not emerge exclusively in closed studios of designers or classrooms. Instead, it happens concurrently at the sites of the everyday struggle to survive, resist, and subvert. Yet, very few designers and researchers have emphasized the importance of designerly practices within socially situated contexts that illustrate the underlying critical and political imperatives. To address such perspectives, the author has investigated critical making practices through a conceptual framework of Critical Jugaad that represents designerly making practices from the Global South. In this article, the author further examines an ontology of Critical Jugaad from a futures perspective, through a conversation with the designer and researcher Ernesto Oroza discussing his theory of Technological Disobedience. This inquiry aims to provoke the imaginaries of how we move beyond a western logic of criticality in design through practices that engage with deeper social, cultural, political, and economic conditions of designerly praxis.
Mixed Media on City: Endogenous Design in Istanbul
Authors: Gürpınar Avşar , Horsanalı Nur
Published: May 2022

Mixed Media on City traces how a multitude of local actors and urban decision-makers formulate peculiar configurations and interventions in the urban spaces of Istanbul. We document how the city is constantly reshaped by, on the one hand, top-down or exogenous strategies of metropolitan authorities and, on the other hand, bottom-up or endogenous tactics, objects, spaces, and systems developed by inhabitants. Putting aside our disciplinary and semiotic biases, we examine and categorise various urban practices and observe how the mixed techniques of everyday actions, design endogeneity, and vernacular knowledge interrelate in Istanbul. Mixed Media on City shows how the apprehension of the city through the lens of Istanbulites is more flexible than design practitioners and not rigidly constrained by definite techniques, rules, and biases.
From Open-Source 3D Printing to Industrial Manufacturing. A Life Cycle Assessment Study on Handy Multitool
Authors: Zallio Matteo , Porfirione Claudia , Burlando Francesco
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic brought a tremendous change in people’s behaviour, particularly with regard to direct contact with contaminated objects. Handy, a multipurpose tool to help prevent the spread of the virus, was designed as a response in 2020. Initially, it was shared as an open-source, 3D-printable device to allow contactless interaction with objects. Later, market demand increased, and the decision was made to manufacture Handy for mass distribution. This paper reports the methodological process for a Life Cycle Assessment aiming to understand the feasibility for mass manufacturing at an affordable cost that would allow people all over the world to use it sustainably.
The CES Granta software was used to benchmark materials for industrial manufacturing and to analyse the LCA, aiming to achieve an optimal trade-off when transitioning from a 3D printing manufacturing process to a mass manufacturing process.
Die Schatten auf der Couch
Authors: Storck Timo
Published: May 2022

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Überlegungen zur TV-Serie En thérapie dazu genutzt, psychoanalytisch auf die Verarbeitung der terroristischen Anschläge in Paris im Jahr 2015 und auf die Rolle der Psychoanalyse im Blick auf Kultur zu blicken. Das umfasst zugleich eine Selbstreflexion des Umgangs der Psychoanalyse mit gesellschaftlicher, »materieller« Realität. Wie wird das Verhältnis des subjektiven Erlebens und der Bedeutung »äußerer« Ereignisse in der Ökonomie von Wunsch und Abwehr auf der einen und die Anerkennung und Deutung konkreter gesellschaftlich-politischer Ereignissen auf der anderen Seite verstanden?
Was ist mit den Lebenden?
Authors: Rittershaus Burkhard
Published: May 2022

Auf dem Weg zum Supervisor lernte ich von Heinz Kersting († 2005), dass die Erfahrung des Todes das Ende aller Konstruktion und die Konstruktion des Endes ist. Ich kann die Gnade des Nullpunktes als Ressource verstehen. Wie gingen die Menschen vorheriger Generationen mit Sterben und Tod in vergleichbaren Situationen wie Corona um? Welche Kräfte können daraus für mich – über Generationen – genommen werden? Vielleicht ist Supervision in Zeiten einer Pandemie Arbeit am Prinzip Hoffnung.
»Vielen Dank für Ihr Vertrauen!«
Authors: Wessel Jürgen
Published: May 2022

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Verabschiedungsphase eine hohe Bedeutung im Supervisionsprozess zugeschrieben. Wie in den vorhergehenden Prozessphasen spiegelt sich auch hier eine tragfähige Arbeitsbeziehung zwischen Supervisor*in und Supervisand*innensystem wider. Zur Vorbereitung und Durchführung des Abschieds wird eine Abfolge von Interventionen vorgeschlagen, deren aktive Gestaltung in der Verantwortung der Supervisor*innen liegt.
Die Metapher der Endlichkeit und die narzisstische Versuchung
Authors: Klessmann Michael
Published: May 2022

Endlichkeit als Metapher betrifft alle Vollzüge menschlichen Lebens, auch die Praxis von Supervision. »Narzisstische Versuchung« meint demgegenüber die »Illusion der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten« (C. Lasch), die sowohl als Gesellschaftsdiagnose wie als Mittel der individuellen Selbstwertregulierung ins Spiel kommt. Auch Supervision unterliegt nicht selten riesigen Erwartungen: Demgegenüber wird hier Supervision als endliche, begrenzte Intervention vorgestellt. Schlüsselwörter: Supervision, Narzissmus, Endlichkeit
Paranoide Störungen im höheren Lebensalter
Authors: Peters Meinolf
Published: May 2022

Paranoide Symptome sind zwar im Alter vergleichsweise selten, stellen aber dennoch ein nicht zu vernachlässigendes Versorgungsproblem dar. Erkrankte werden im Umgang als schwierig erlebt, sodass sich die Umwelt häufig von ihnen zurückzieht, was oftmals ungünstige Entwicklungen zur Folge hat. In der Arbeit wird zunächst auf das Krankheitsbild der paranoiden bzw. wahnhaften Störung eingegangen, sodann wird der Fokus auf neuere Entwicklungen in der Forschung in Hinblick auf Einflussund Risikofaktoren gerichtet. Schließlich werden in einer Kasuistik der Zugang zu diesen Patienten sowie die Möglichkeiten der mentalisierungsbasierten Therapie (MBT) erläutert. Abschließend wird auf die problematische psychosoziale Versorgung dieser Patienten hingewiesen.
Psychopharmakologische Behandlung von psychotischen Störungen im höheren Lebensalter
Authors: Christl Julia , Supprian Tillmann
Published: May 2022

Obwohl in der Mehrzahl der Zulassungsstudien der antipsychotisch wirkenden Psychopharmaka die Gruppe der alten und sehr alten Menschen nicht adäquat repräsentiert war, werden diese Medikamente heute als Standardbehandlung bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen im höheren Lebensalter eingesetzt. Klinisch ist die Wirksamkeit der Antipsychotika bei schizophrenen Psychosen auch im hohen Alter gut belegt. Auch bei älteren Menschen bedarf die antipsychotische Behandlung einer sorgfältigen Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung, bei welcher zunächst der Schweregrad der psychotischen Symptomatik erfasst werden sollte. Das individuelle Risiko einer Behandlung mit Antipsychotika wird im höheren Lebensalter maßgeblich durch komorbide Erkrankungen, insbesondere Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen beeinflusst. Bei multimorbiden Patienten muss eine äußerst kritische Risikobewertung vorgenommen werden, da die Behandlung mit Antipsychotika das Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen erhöhen kann. Im Einzelfall kann daher trotz bestehender psychotischer Symptome der Verzicht auf eine antipsychotische Behandlung angezeigt sein, wenn das Risiko der Behandlung den potenziellen klinischen Nutzen überwiegt. Von zentraler Bedeutung bei der medikamentösen Behandlung älterer psychotischer Patienten ist die fachärztliche Begleitung und Beratung im Hinblick auf die Therapieadhärenz: Die Effektivität einer antipsychotischen Therapie hängt maßgeblich von der korrekten und kontinuierlichen Einnahme des Medikaments in der verordneten Dosierung ab. Von entscheidender Bedeutung für den Erfolg einer medikamentösen Behandlung mit Antipsychotika ist die begleitende, kontinuierliche psychotherapeutische Behandlung.
Psychodynamische Alterspsychotherapie bei Psychosen
Authors: Schwarz Frank
Published: May 2022

Ausgehend von allgemeinen Fragen des Verlaufs bis ins hohe Alter bei an Schizophrenie erkrankten Menschen wird ein jahrzehntelanger Krankheitsverlauf einer psychotischen Patientin bis ins 70. Lebensjahr hinein nachgezeichnet. Während ihrer Erkrankung wurde sie wiederholt und auch längerfristig mit analytischer oder tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie behandelt. Die psychogenetischen Voraussetzungen wurden ausgiebig erfasst und auf der Basis psychodynamischer Erklärungsmodelle mit den konfliktauslösenden Umständen in Verbindung gebracht. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch einige Prinzipien der Behandlungstechnik bei psychotischen Patienten mit produktiven Symptomen wie Wahn und Halluzinationen erörtert. Außerdem wird dargestellt und diskutiert, welchen Nutzen die wiederholt von der Patientin initiierten Psychotherapien langfristig für sie hatten. In den letzten Jahrzehnten sind die Möglichkeiten, psychodynamische Psychosentherapie zu erlernen, deutlich verbessert worden.
Profiling of non-pathogenic bacterial population by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in stone fruits
Authors: BAYMAN Serkan , KAVAK Hamit
Published: May 2022

The study was carried out to investigate the status of non-pathogenic bacteria isolated from infected plant tissues in stone fruit orchards including almonds, apricots, cherries, mahaleb, olives and plums in Adıyaman, Diyarbakır and Mardin provinces of Turkey. Surveys were performed in the mentioned provinces between March and August in 2019-2021. Survey studies showed that, 87 samples with typical bacterial disease symptoms were collected from 34 different stone fruit orchards. Hypersensitivity (HR) and host pathogenicity tests were performed following isolation from diseased plant tissues in the samples. A total of 70 isolates, which were found to be non-pathogenic with negative HR and host pathogenicity tests, were definitively diagnosed by MALDI-TOF analysis method. Finally, it was specified that bacteria of Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera were more densely colonized in different tissues of stone fruits. It was concluded that the most concentrated bacteria in the stone fruits was Stenotrophomonas rhizophila with 13 isolates, followed by respectively Bacillus megaterium with 9 isolates, Pantoea agglomerans with 7 isolates, Bacillus pumilus with 6 isolates, Xanthomonas hortorum with 5 isolates, Bacillus mojavensis and Rahnella aquatilis with 3 isolates
Totoli's Art of Lelegesan: Analyzing Sociocultural Context and Musical Content
Authors: Bracks Christoph , Moss Fabian Claude
Published: May 2022

We present the first musicological analysis of a Lelegesan performance, a form of musical expression of the Totoli people in Central Sulawesi. Our preliminary study of this participatory musical practice of an endangered language community describesthe overall form of the Lelegesan, consisting of two-part stanzas with improvised lyrics but relatively stable melodic patterns. We report characteristics of a performance’s frequency spectrum by drawing on computational methods, enabling us to approximate the underlying musical scale. Our analyses show that different phrase types are clearly distinguishable in terms of their frequency content, and that final tones of opening and closing phrases are generally about a major third apart.
Victims of organized crime, due to discrimination, are continuously failed
Authors: Tabaee Damavandi Pardis
Published: May 2022

Victims of organized crime are becoming more common in science, a couple of cases have been meshed into this article to show how the mechanism of harassment happens, particularly towards foreign scientists when they travel from one place to another, which is required, and it can lead to the next steps as to how to prevent these incidents from happening. This is just an example but these incidents do happen worldwide, modern UK especially is one of the biggest grounds for labor trafficking as is Japan, which has had the same problem for years, particularly in terms of organ trafficking, but the East Asia region is very fertile for human trafficking crimes in general, therefore scientists must be careful not to get catfished online, with "strange" job offers.
Upaya pengembangan hospitalitas Kristen dalam menghadapi pendemo covid-19
Authors: Ambalinggi Dortin Ambalinggi
Published: May 2022

Pandemi Covid -19 telah menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan dunia.WHO resmi menyatakannya sebagai suatu pandemi atau wabah pada 11 maret 2020.dalam usaha pencegahan Covid -19 di pengaruhi pengetahuan masyarakat indonesia. Pemberian pengetahuan yang spesifik, falid, dan tepat sasaran dapat meningkatkan perilaku usaha pencegahan masyarakat terhadap infeksi Covid -19.Hospitalitas merupakan cara seseorang untuk mejalin persahabatan dengan orang lain dan hal tersebut menjadi tanggung jawab setiap orang. Hospitalitas bukan sesuatu yang baru sebab telah diparktikkan dalam gereja perdana dan disepanjang sejarah gereja. Hospitalitas bukanlah sekedar konsep yang harus dimiliki melaikan dipektikkan dalam relasi dengan yang lain. Menurut Miroslav dalam relasi antara aku dengn yang lain, seoarng akan diperhadapkan dengan dua pilihan yaitu mengeluarkan atau melepaskan dan merangkul yang lain.
Caravan - A global community dataset for large-sample hydrology
Authors: Kratzert Frederik , Nearing Grey , Addor Nans , Erickson Tyler , Gauch Martin , Gilon Oren , Gudmundsson Lukas , Hassidim Avinatan , Klotz Daniel , Nevo Sella , Shalev Guy , Matias Yossi
Published: May 2022

High-quality datasets are essential to support hydrological science and modeling. Several CAMELS (Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies) datasets exist for specific countries or regions, however these datasets lack standardization, which makes global studies difficult. This paper introduces a dataset called Caravan (a series of CAMELS) that standardizes and aggregates seven existing large-sample hydrology datasets. Caravan includes meteorological forcing data, streamflow data, and static catchment attributes (e.g., geophysical, sociological, climatological) for 6830 catchments. Most importantly, Caravan is both a dataset and open-source software that allows members of the hydrology community to extend the dataset to new locations by extracting forcing data and catchment attributes in the cloud. Our vision is for Caravan to democratize the creation and use of globally-standardized large-sample hydrology datasets. Caravan is a truly global open-source community resource.
Identifying climate models based on their daily output using machine learning
Authors: Brunner Lukas , Sippel Sebastian
Published: May 2022

Climate models are primary tools for investigating processes in the climate system, projecting future changes, and informing decision makers. The latest generation of models provides increasingly complex and realistic representations of the real climate system, while there is also growing awareness that not all models produce equally plausible or independent simulations. Therefore, many recent studies have investigated how models differ from observed climate and how model dependence affects model output similarity, typically drawing on climatological averages over several decades. Here, we show that temperature maps of individual days drawn from datasets never used in training can be robustly identified as “model” or “observation” using the CMIP6 model archive and four observational products. An important exception is a prototype storm-resolving simulation from ICON-Sapphire which cannot be unambiguously assigned to either category. These results highlight that persistent differences between simulated and observed climate emerge at short timescales already, but very high-resolution modeling efforts may be able to overcome some of these shortcomings. Moreover, temporally out-of-sample test days can be assigned their dataset name with up to 83% accuracy. Misclassifications occur mostly between models developed at the same institution, suggesting that effects of shared code, previously documented only for climatological timescales, already emerge at the level of individual days. Our results thus demonstrate that the use of machine learning classifiers, once trained, can overcome the need for several decades of data to evaluate a given model. This opens up new avenues to test model performance and independence on much shorter timescales.
A Generalized Natural Hazard Risk Modelling Framework for Infrastructure Failure Cascades
Authors: Mühlhofer Evelyn , Koks Elco , Kropf Chahan , Sansavini Giovanni , Bresch David
Published: May 2022

Critical infrastructures are more exposed than ever to natural hazards in a changing climate. To understand and manage risk, failure cascades across large, real-world infrastructure networks, and their impact on people, must be captured. Bridging established methods in both infrastructure and risk modelling communities, we develop an open-source modelling framework which integrates a network-based interdependent infrastructure system model into the globally consistent and spatially explicit natural hazard risk assessment platform CLIMADA. The model captures infrastructure damages, triggers failure cascades and estimates resulting basic service disruptions for the dependent population. It flexibly operates on large areas with publicly available hazard, exposure and vulnerability information, for any set of infrastructure networks, hazards and geographies of interest. In a validated case study for 2018’s Hurricane Michael across three US states, the model reproduced important failure dynamics among six infrastructure networks, and provided a novel spatial map where people were likely to experience disruptions in access to healthcare, loss of power and other vital services. Our generalized approach allows for a view on infrastructure risks and their social impacts also in areas where detailed information and risk assessments are traditionally scarce, informing humanitarian activities through hotspot analyses and policy frameworks alike.
Using Synthetic Data Trained Convolutional Neural Network For Predicting Sub-Resolution Thin Layers From Seismic Data
Authors: Qu Dongfang , Mosegaard Klaus , Feng Runhai , Nielsen Lars
Published: May 2022

Numerous studies have demonstrated the capability of supervised deep learning techniques for predicting geological features of interest from seismic sections, including features that are difficult to identify using traditional interpretation methods. However, successful application of these techniques in practice has been limited by the difficulty of obtaining large training dataset where seismic data and corresponding ground truth labels are well defined. Manually creating large amounts of labels requires a heavy workload, and the uncertainty of the interpretation and labeling process decreases the model’s ability for making accurate predictions. Using the chalk-flint sequence scenario onshore Denmark as an example, we present a novel workflow of generating large quantities of synthetic training data with high-quality labels using stochastic geological modelling, and we investigate the capability of a synthetic data-trained convolutional neural network for predicting sub-resolution thin layers from seismic sections. It is shown that a neural network trained on synthetic data can predict a realistic number of sub-resolution flint layers from real seismic data that have been collected from the Stevns region in Denmark, which has value for understanding of overall geological characteristics of the succession and engineering applications such as construction site evaluation.
Integrating personalized experience sampling in psychotherapy: A case illustration of the Therap-i module
Authors: von Klipstein Lino , Servaas Michelle , Schoevers Robert A. , van der Veen Date C. , Riese Harriette
Published: May 2022

Background: The experience sampling methodology (ESM) is increasingly being suggested as a clinical tool in mental health care, as it offers ecologically valid, microlevel information on psychopathological processes. Patients and clinicians have recommended that applications of ESM should be personalized and integrated into the existing clinical process, but there is still much uncertainty about how implementation may look like. Objective: To provide an example of personalized ESM assessment and feedback being integrated into psychotherapy for depression, specifically looking at the collaborative use of ESM in case conceptualization.Methods: George, a 27-year-old man diagnosed with depression, and his therapist participated in the Therap-i randomized controlled trial, which investigates the efficacy of a personalized ESM module added to psychotherapy. Together, they created a personalized ESM questionnaire, aiming to capture their hypotheses and questions regarding George’s case conceptualization. George then filled out his ESM questionnaire five times per day, for 8 weeks. During this period, ESM data were discussed and interpreted by George, his therapist, and a researcher, in three feedback sessions. In these sessions, data were visualized in a flexible feedback interface that allowed for collaborative exploration of George’s data. Both patient and therapist evaluated the module through questionnaires and George also participated in a semi-structured evaluation interview.Results: George’s ESM questionnaire included personalized items on the topics of self-esteem and open versus withdrawn behavior. He completed 241 (89.3%) assessments. Discussions during the feedback sessions focused on two core themes: First, George’s low energy level, which was further explored with regard to his sleep, medication, and activity patterns. Second, his low sense of self-esteem, which led to an in-depth exploration of his thinking patterns and social interactions. The ESM module was seen as useful and insightful by both George and therapist. Conclusions: This case shows how ESM and ESM-based feedback can stimulate the collaborative exploration of the patient’s complaints, and how it can provide useful insights for treatment. We discuss how our personalized ESM module relates to current clinical principles and practices, and make suggestions for further implementation.
Evolutionary Cognitive Enhancement: Reawakening Adaptive Cognitive-Emotional-Motor Systems
Authors: Malaei Fereidoun , Machado Liana
Published: May 2022

Evolutionary psychology has provided a groundbreaking approach to understanding human cognitive architecture during the last few decades, yet this approach has been overlooked when investigating and designing cognitive enhancement therapies. In this article, we posit that understanding why integrated cognitive, emotional, and motor (CEM) systems evolved in the first place can help researchers develop more effective cognitive enhancement strategies. According to an evolutionary perspective, a wide range of CEM systems was designed by natural selection to deal with adaptive problems and maximize reproductive success. However, CEM systems that evolved with a spectrum of problem-solving capabilities may not be as active in modern times due to the environments and challenges in which they evolved no longer being relevant. In exploring this perspective, we propose a theoretical model that explains the evolution of CEM systems and highlights the selection pressures that shaped cognitive-motor mechanisms in ancestral environments. From this viewpoint, and considered in light of current cognitive enhancement strategies and successes from cognitive training, neurostimulation, and physical exercise, we establish a novel framework for evolutionary cognitive enhancement (ECE) therapy. Moreover, toward applying the ECE approach in both clinical and non-clinical contexts, we put forward principles and guidelines for designing ancestral-like environments and suggest methods for recreating adaptive problems in real-world settings.
Length of Life Inequality in India: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Pal Soumya
Published: May 2022

I examine the trends in inequality in length of life in India and 15 of its selected states during the last three decades. I also estimate the contribution of mortality change in different age groups to the overall change in inequality in length of life in India and selected states of India. I estimate Gini coefficient, life disparity, and threshold age to examine the inequality. Finally, I decompose the change in Gini coefficient into contributions of mortality change in different age groups. In Indian males, the life expectancy at birth increased by about 8 years between 1981 and 2011. The life disparity decreased by 3.6 years and the threshold age increased by 5.5 years during this period. In Indian females, the life expectancy increased by about 12 years, the life disparity reduced by 5.2 years, and the threshold age increased by 7.2 years. Mortality changes in 0-1 contributed most to the decline in Gini between 1981 and 2011 for males, females, and urban residents. Mortality change in 1-4 contributed most to the decline in Gini in rural residents. Changes in various measures of mortality pattern differ markedly between males and females, urban-rural residents, and states of India.
475,106 Mistakes: The Cost of Erroneous Parking Tickets
Authors: Henricks Kasey , Poulos Chris D. , Arenas Iván , Ortiz Ruben , Lewis Amanda E.
Published: May 2022

Tens of thousands of Chicagoans are routinely issued parking tickets under false pretenses each year. After reviewing nearly 3.6 million parking tickets issued between 2012 and 2018, we leveraged multiple sources of administrative data against one another to identify more than one in eight tickets (13.2%) were issued under conditions when restrictions did not apply. More specifically, we narrowed our attention to seven different types of parking violations where compliance is circumstantial according to factors of space, time, and weather.
Community Carbon Footprints and the Climate Transition: An Initial Assessment for Treherbert
Authors: Jones Calvin
Published: May 2022

We estimate the consumption carbon footprint for Treherbert, a small community in South Wales.Our results suggest an annual household footprint of around 47,000 tonnes with a further 11,000 tonnes attributable to industry located within the Ward.The emissions are fairly equally distributed across the range of sources and uses, suggesting there is no single, dominant action to progress to net-zero: wide ranging and I integrated actions are required.Less important in the overall footprint for this community is commuting, and land-based carbon sequestration opportunities will be limited, even though Treherbert is surrounded by extensive treescapes.Actions to move to net-zero must include deep and meaningful engagement, if no co-creation with, communities that have hitherto been largely ignored in the development of public policy
The Right to Rule by Thumb: A Comment on Epistemology in "A Route Map for Successful Applications of Geographically-Weighted Regression"
Authors: Wolf Levi John
Published: May 2022

Comber et al. (2022) provides an important contribution to the future of quantitative geography and geographic analysis. The contribution is chiefly in their development of a "GWR Route Map," a diagram showing the sequence of analytical steps that "successful" specification searches in local modelling tend to follow. Geographically-weighted techniques have been rapidly expanding, both in terms of complexity, users, and disciplinary reach. With geographically-weighted methods now in so many more analysts' hands, any new rule of thumb will have a major imprint. But, by what right does the thumb rule the analysts? That is, what "counts" as valid knowledge about local models in general? In the following comment, I argue that we probably should use theory, not route maps to decide specifications. But, if we're pressed to build route maps, we sorely need better epistemological foundations for them. I discuss a few previous examples of strongly-grounded route maps and offer a few paths to these better grounds as well as two ways to the exit.
Entrepreneurship as the safe option: Evidence from India
Authors: Borchhardt Geoffrey , Sorenson Olav
Published: May 2022

We examine the returns to entrepreneurship in India. We find that entrepreneurs, on average, earn more than they would expect in paid employment. Except among the most highly educated, that positive effect holds for every subgroup of entrepreneurs, from the growth-oriented to the self-employed offering personal services. Further analysis reveals that this positive effect appears to stem almost entirely from the fact that entrepreneurs in India have more stable income streams, they have fewer months with no income. Entrepreneurship may therefore represent a safer option for these individuals.
KEMAJUAN PEMBELAJARAN DI ABAD 21
Authors: Hamidah Siti Wanda
Published: May 2022

Di era sepeti sekarang ini kita manusia sangat bergantung hidupnya pada kecanggihan teknologi. Teknologi ini banyak membuat dampak terhadap pendidikan dan pembelajaran pada siswa dan guru. Guru memiliki tuntutan agar bisa menggunakan teknologi di dalam bidang pendidikan. Tuntutan global menuntut agar dunia pendidikan selalu dapat menyesuaikan diri terhadap teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang ada. Dalam setiap pembelajaran komunikasi dilalukan dengan memakai media komunikasi seperti telepon, komputer, internet, e-mail dan sebagainya. Interkasi antar guru dan siswa tidak hanya dapat dilakukan secara tatap muka. Dikarenakan teknologi yang ada maka guru sekarang ini dapat melakukan pembelajaran secara jarak jauh.
Guru Indonesia dan Tantangan Pembelajaran Abad 21
Authors: Samat Beatris Lusmaria Putri
Published: May 2022

Di era globalisasi saat ini, Indonesia harus mampu meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, sehingga tidak kalah bersaing dengan negara lain. Negara kita harus orang-orang yang berjiwa mandiri dan mampu berkompetisi di tingkat dunia. Saat ini, Indonesia membutuhkan orang-orang yang dapat berfikir secara efektif, efisiendan juga produktif. Hal tersebut dapat diwujudkan jika kita mempunyai tenaga pendidik yang handal dan mampu mencetak generasi bangsa yang pintar dan bermoral. Sebagaimana telah dimaklumi bahwa dalam lingkup pendidikan yang terkecil yaitu sekolah, guru memegang peranan yang amat penting dan strategis. Namun demikian, masih banyak guru yang tidak mau mengembangkan diri untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Apabila hal ini terus berlangsung, maka guru tidak akan mempunyai kompetensi sesuai dengan tuntutan pendidikan di era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Keempat, rekrutmen guru yang belum efektif. Masih banyak calon guru yang direkrut tanpa melalui sistem rekrutmen yang dipersyaratkan.
Practical Partnership in the Nepali TVET System: Some Innovative Initiations
Authors: Shrestha Rajendra Bahadur
Published: May 2022

Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) systems all over the world have realized that there should be joint efforts between government and business and industry to provide and finance training programme. The key then is finding an appropriate and practical balance between government, private and non-government provision for training people in the field of skills development. Working together with the employers and training institutes is the major rising concern in many developing countries like Nepal. Engaging the employers and training providers in (TVET) provision is essential and, like many other South Asian countries, Nepal’s TVET policy 2012 emphasizes the private sector’s role and partnership in skills development. In practice however, joint efforts in the Nepali TVET system have been weak and not extended much beyond the private sector. Thus, adequate partnership among public TEVT training institutions and business/industries should be developed for economic development of the country.
'Confined Dreams' of Informal Skills Learners: Can TVET Widen Their Aspirations?
Authors: Baral Durga Prasad
Published: May 2022

More than eighty percent of youth in Nepal are estimated to be learning their livelihood-skills through work. Generally, those informal skills learners either never visit a school or discontinue their school education and start a career without formal or non-formal skills training. Adopting the qualitative research approach, and underpinned by career development theories, I argue that those people have to confine their aspirations due to unfavorable TVET system. I also use poetic inquiry to analyze and present the information. I also discuss how the country's TVET system can support such a massive number of informal skills learners. The research is based on in-depth interviews conducted with six youth and adults working in three different trades— pottery, fast-food, and motorcycle service mechanics located in Kathmandu Valley. It is concluded that the struggle at school and the path of work faced by those adolescents and youths for getting a job are diverse. It is also found that informal skills learners have aspirations, mainly limited to either establishing or extending the existing enterprise with their competence acquired through workplace learning. The paper concludes that the state should facilitate fulfilling the aspirations of those informal skills learners.
E-Learning Initiatives at CTEVT: An Attempt at Innovation and Paradigm Shift in TVET Pedagogy
Authors: Pangeni Shesha Kanta , Karki Gehendra
Published: May 2022

Information and communication technology (ICT) has brought innovative approaches to teaching and learning introducing pedagogical innovation that leads to paradigm shift in education. However, Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector in Nepal has little exposure to ICT integrated pedagogical practices. In this context, this paper presents lessons from e-learning initiatives at CTEVT based on a study on e-learning pilot projects from three leading technical schools. It uses both qualitative and quantitative data received from 152 survey responses, two focused group discussions and 10 individual interviews. The study reports that e-learning is promising for TVET sector as an innovative ICT integrated alternative pedagogy. However, instructors and schools want additional support for training and ICT infrastructures to design, develop and implement courses for e-learning locally. The study also draws implications to scale up the initiations and interventions of e-learning at institutional level that are meaningful for expansion of similar pilot projects, ICT integration across TVET programs offered by CTEVT, pedagogical innovation, workplace learning opportunity for students, increase access and quality in TVET programs and institutional reform.
Experience of Violence due to COVID-19 among Returnee Migrants of Far-Western Province of Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Ramesh , Bastola Bidur , Timalsina Unnata , K.C. Ranju
Published: May 2022

Migration has been a main pillar of the nation as well as the household economy of Nepal. However, COVID-19 has caused stigma and discrimination and increased risks of violence, disrupting GBV prevention and response mechanisms. The objectives of the study are to examine the prevalence and determinants of experience of violence due to COVID-19 among returnee migrants of the Far-western province of Nepal. Data for this survey were collected through a cross-sectional research design using quantitative methods in the Far-western province of Nepal. A total of 1182 respondents were surveyed to gather quantitative information. Univariate, Bivariate and multivariate analyses were applied to data. In addition, multivariable analysis was used to identify whether independent variables affected the risk of Gender-Based Violence. An overwhelming majority of returnee migrants were male (94.2%), while about 6 percent were female. One-third of respondents were youth aged below 25 years. Thirty-two percent of them had primary or below education. Eighteen percent of returnee migrants do not have food sufficient for a month in their household. Three in five returnee migrants (60%) reported that they had experienced violence. Multivariate analysis shows that female migrants were more likely to experience violence (aOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.02-4.3) than male migrants. Older age migrants were more likely to experience violence than younger migrants aged below 20. Migrants from poor households were more likely to experience violence (aOR=4.5, 95% CI= 3.1-6.7) than rich households. Physically disabled migrants were 4 times more likely (aOR=4.5, 95% CI= 2.6-7.5) than those who are not disabled. Experience of violence is very high among returnee migrants of Sudurpashchim province of Nepal. Our study found that female migrants, physically disabled migrants, who had elderly in their houses, and migrants from poor households were more likely to experience violence. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive awareness program and services that can help to prevent violence among returnee migrants.
Skilling People in Nepal: Reality Vs Dream
Authors: Lamsal Hari Prasad , Bajracharya Anil Muni
Published: May 2022

Skilling people is channeled through formal, informal or non-formal education systems in Nepal. Formal education includes structured curriculum and mode of delivery where knowledge and skills are acquired in a hierarchical layer. Non-formal education includes the skill development activities in a less structured patterns, whereas imparting knowledge and skills from generation to generation falls under the category of informal mode of education. Similarly, skills development in formal system includes four different types of programs in Nepal. These are short-term training program, professional development program, secondary level technical and vocational education program (including diploma level program) and technical higher education program. This paper opens discussion on these programs, uncovers issues and challenges and suggests some measures for the improvement of program design and implementation.

While preparing the paper, secondary documents are analyzed. In some cases, author's experiences are also used. This article is expected to contribute knowledge to the skill development efforts in Nepal.
Book Review: Spectacle and Diversity: Transnational Media and Global Power by Lee Artz
Authors: Ranger Jamie
Published: May 2022

Jamie Ranger reviews Lee Artz’s 2022 book ‘Spectacle and Diversity: Transnational Media and Global Power’.
Holographic confinement of the solitary quark
Authors: De Mesquita Diles Saulo , Martin Contreras Miguel Angel , Vega Alfredo
Published: May 2022

Single quarks moving in the vacuum of confining gauge theories are stopped by a drag force. The holographic description relates the confining scale in the bulk geometry with a range of physical values for the drag force in the vacuum. The vacuum drag force acting on the isolated quark directly manifests quark confinement since it prevents the quark from walking freely in the vacuum. However, analytical expressions for the drag force as a function of the quark velocity were lacking. In the present work, we propose that the vacuum drag force is given by the regularized zero-temperature limit of the corresponding thermal drag force. Within this approach, we obtain the desired analytic expressions in two different holographic models: the quadratic dilaton and the D-instanton. In both cases, we find well-behaved functions belonging to their physical range of values.
COVID-19’UN FİNANSAL RAPORLAMA STANDARTLARI UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: YÜREKLİ Emin , FAYDALI Fatih
Published: May 2022

2020 Mart ayında küresel pandemi ilan edilen Covid-19 salgının sosyal ve ekonomik etkileri olmuştur. Çalışmada muhasebe alanındaki etkileri ile ilgili literatür incelenerek derleyici bulguların ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bulgularla Covid-19 salgının sermaye yapısı zayıf işletmeler ve likidite riski dolayısı ile belli sektörler üzerinde olumsuz etkilerinin daha fazla olacağı ortaya konulmuştur. Bu nedenle kredi erteleme ve yeniden yapılandırma başta olmak üzere bazı önlemlerin alınması gerekebilecektir. Ancak e-ticaret sektöründe olduğu gibi Covid-19 salgını bazı alanlarda büyümenin hızlanmasını da sağlamıştır. Tüm bu gelişmeler ışığında pandemi döneminde mali raporlardaki bilgilerin yeniden gündeme alınması gerekliliği doğmuştur. Ayrıca iç denetim faaliyetlerinin yeni koşullara uygun olarak sürdürülmesi gerekmektedir.
New cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattina) from Baltic Amber, with description of a new genus and species: Stegoblatta irmgardgroehni
Authors: Anisyutkin L.N. , Gröhn C.
Published: May 2022

A new genus and species of cockroaches, Stegoblatta irmgardgroehni gen. et sp. nov. is described from Baltic Amber. The taxonomic position of the new genus is discussed and it is concluded that it belongs to the family Blaberidae. The male of Paraeuthyrrapha groehni (Corydiidae, Euthyrrhaphinae) is described for the first time.
The auricle muscles in the relict rodent Laonastes aenigmamus (Rodentia: Diatomyidae)
Authors: Zherebtsova O.V.
Published: May 2022

The facial muscle complex responsible for auricle mobility in the recently described relict rodent Laonastes aenigmamus Jenkins et al., 2005 (Diatomyidae) was studied for the first time. The members of other high-level rodent taxa that could be closely related to this species according to various hypotheses were also included in the morphological analysis for comparative purposes: Ctenodactylus gundi (Ctenodactylomorphi: Ctenodactylidae) and Chinchilla lanigera (Hystricognathi: Chinchillidae). The results of the study demonstrated the origin of the m. cervico-occipitalis and the mm. cervico-auriculares on the occipital crest and the unusual structure of the m. platysma cervicale, all distinctive features of the examined muscle complex in Laonastes. In Laonastes and Ctenodactylus, a number of common characters in the structure of the auricle muscles were also observed: the topography, interaction and areas of the insertion of the m. interscutularis and the m. cervico-occipitalis; the two-layer condition of the mm. cervico-auriculares. The obtained results do not contradict the available morphological and molecular data supporting the close affinity between Diatomyidae and Ctenodactylidae.