bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Masculinity and Depression: A Longitudinal Investigation of Multidimensional Masculine Norms Among College Men
Authors: Iwamoto Derek K. , Brady Jennifer , Kaya Aylin , Park Athena
Published: July 2018

The transition from high school to college represents a pivotal developmental period that may result in significant maladjustment for first-year college men. Men may feel pressured to “prove” their masculinity by engaging in traditional masculine behaviors that could be negative for their overall well-being. Although adherence to multidimensional masculine norms has been associated with poorer mental health, no studies have examined the role of masculine norms on prospective depressive symptoms among first-year college men. Examining college men’s adherence to multidimensional masculine norms longitudinally can offer a promising theoretical framework to explain within-group variability in depression symptomatology. The sample included 322 men from the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Masculine norms were assessed during the beginning of their first year of college. Depressive symptomatology was assessed 6 months after the first wave of data collection. Masculine norms were positively and negatively related to prospective depression scores, such that men who endorsed the masculine norms of Self-Reliance, Playboy (i.e., desire to have multiple sexual partners), and Violence, had heightened risk, whereas men who endorsed Winning and Power Over Women were less likely to report depressive symptomatology. Distinct masculine norms appear to confer risk for depression while other norms appear to be protective. This study was the first to examine the role of multidimensional masculine norms on prospective depressive symptomatology among college men. The results suggest that practitioners working with men should consider assessing their clients’ adherence to distinct masculine norms and explore how these might be impacting their current mental health.
Numerical study of heat transfer enhancement in the entrance region for low-pressure gaseous laminar pipe flows using Al2O3–air nanofluid
Authors: Al-Kouz Wael , Al-Waked Rafat , Sari Ma’en , Owhaib Wahib , Atieh Anas
Published: July 2018

The gaseous low-pressure nanofluid flow of a steady-state two-dimensional laminar forced convection heat transfer in the entrance region of pipes is numerically investigated. Such flows are of interest for many engineering applications like the nuclear reactor and electronic equipment cooling, heat exchangers, and many others. Physical parameters considered in this study are Reynolds number ( Re), Prandtl number ( Pr), nanosolid particles volume fraction [Formula: see text], Knudsen number ( Kn), and the aspect ratio ( AR). These parameters ranges are as follows: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. The outcome of this study shows that by increasing Kn, velocity slip and temperature jump at the solid boundaries increase. In addition, heat transfer is enhanced by dispersing Al2O3 nanoparticles in the base low-pressure gaseous flow. Results show that there is no effect of the nanoparticles volume fraction with values below 0.03 on the average Nusselt number. The average Nusselt number increases [Formula: see text] as the value of the nanoparticles volume fraction exceeds 0.03. For instance, at Re = 1000, results show that when dispersing Al2O3 nanosolid particles with volume fractions of 0.3 and 0.5; there is an enhancement in the average Nusselt number of 30.35% and 136.74%, respectively, when compared to the case of dispersing Al2O3 nanosolid particles of 0.03 volume fraction.. Moreover, it is concluded that the average Nusselt number [Formula: see text] depends directly on Reynolds ( Re), Prandtl ( Pr) numbers, and the nanoparticles volume fraction [Formula: see text] and inversely on Knudsen number ( Kn) and the aspect ratio ( AR) for the investigated range of parameters considered in this study. Finally, a correlation of Nusselt number among all the investigated parameters in this study is proposed as [Formula: see text].
That “Vaulty Night”: Trials, Testimonies, and Critiques of Justice in Beckett’s Panopticon Prison-stage
Authors: Diver Alice
Published: July 2018

Beckettian justice avoids the usual scripts of judicial processes: his trials and punishments merge, as his captive characters lock themselves into eerily repetitive, self-questioning loops of semi-existence. His prison-cell courtrooms critique the wider socio-cultural symbolism associated with indefinite incarceration and unduly harsh sentences, questioning whether retributive sanctions have the power to redeem, or to spark atonement. By turning vague but terrifying recollections into accusatory witness statements, Beckett crafts purgatories grounded in endless perception. Audiences must therefore act as jurors and gaolers: by witnessing the various “crimes” of omission (neglect, abandonment, unintentional cruelty) we are perhaps better placed to judge our own failings and frailties and capacity for resilience.
Female and male youth sport coaches’ perceptions of teaching sportspersonship to female and male athletes
Authors: Bolter Nicole D , Lucas Shelley M
Published: July 2018

According to the positive youth development framework, sportspersonship and character development is an expected outcome from participation in youth sport. Previous studies have shown mixed results in terms of how gender affects young athletes’ sportspersonship, suggesting it is important to explore how boys and girls are taught about sportspersonship by their coaches. In this study, we interviewed six female and six male youth sport coaches who had coached both girls’ and boys’ teams at recreational and competitive levels to examine coaches’ expectations regarding sportspersonship, with a specific focus on those beliefs associated with gender. Our analysis indicated that gender does matter, as represented in the two emergent higher-order themes—(a) Observations of Athletes’ Sportspersonship Behaviors and (b) Teaching Sportspersonship to Girls and Boys—representative of two and four lower-order themes, respectively. Results showed that gender mattered in terms of coaches’ reported strategies for teaching about sportspersonship, suggesting that youth sport participation builds gendered character.
Documentation of social determinants in electronic health records with and without standardized terminologies: A comparative study
Authors: Monsen Karen A , Rudenick Joyce M , Kapinos Nicole , Warmbold Kathryn , McMahon Siobhan K , Schorr Erica N
Published: July 2018

Background:

Electronic health records (EHRs) are a promising new source of population health data that may improve health outcomes. However, little is known about the extent to which social and behavioral determinants of health (SBDH) are currently documented in EHRs, including how SBDH are documented, and by whom. Standardized nursing terminologies have been developed to assess and document SBDH.

Objective:

We examined the documentation of SBDH in EHRs with and without standardized nursing terminologies.

Methods:

We carried out a review of the literature for SBDH phrases organized by topic, which were used for analyses. Key informant interviews were conducted regarding SBDH phrases.

Results:

In nine EHRs (six acute care, three community care) 107 SBDH phrases were documented using free text, structured text, and standardized terminologies in diverse screens and by multiple clinicians, admitting personnel, and other staff. SBDH phrases were documented using one of three standardized terminologies ( N = average number of phrases per terminology per EHR): ICD-9/10 ( N = 1); SNOMED CT ( N = 1); Omaha System ( N = 79). Most often, standardized terminology data were documented by nurses or other clinical staff versus receptionists or other non-clinical personnel. Documentation ‘unknown’ differed significantly between EHRs with and without the Omaha System (mean = 26.0 (standard deviation (SD) = 8.7) versus mean = 74.5 (SD = 16.5)) ( p = .005). SBDH documentation in EHRs differed based on the presence of a nursing terminology.

Conclusions:

The Omaha System enabled a more comprehensive, holistic assessment and documentation of interoperable SBDH data. Further research is needed to determine SBDH data elements that are needed across settings, the uses of SBDH data in practice, and to examine patient perspectives related to SBDH assessments.
A mixed methods evaluation of medical tattooing for people who have experienced a burn injury
Authors: Yeates Rebecca , Rospigliosi Ezinna , Thompson Andrew R
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

There are no existing studies examining the psychological merits of using facial medical tattooing (MT) following burn injury. This study evaluated an MT service supported by The Katie Piper Foundation. It examined accessibility, satisfaction and whether there were improvements in quality of life (QoL).

Methods:

Thirty-five service-users were invited to participate in a cross-sectional online survey. Twenty-five (71%) responded (24 women; age range = 21–64 years), and of these five (4 women; age range = 26–59 years) also participated in telephone interviews, which were analysed using descriptive thematic analysis.

Findings:

The service was largely considered easy to access (22/25) and convenient (25/25). Most service-users (22/25) were satisfied with the results of MT. Some areas of dissatisfaction were described, by a minority of service-users, including: the procedure being painful (1/25); the tattoo being below expectation or fading over time (3/25). The majority reported that MT had improved confidence (22/25); mood (19/25); and ability to socialise (19/25). The procedure improved some service-users’ ability to carry out essential activities (14/25) and enjoyable activities (16/25). The qualitative responses provided during interview, indicated that all respondents found the procedure useful to their adjustment, although a minority (3/5) found it painful and also commented on fading (1/5). All described MT as contributing to a sense of increased normality.

Conclusions:

MT had the largest impact on emotional wellbeing and interpersonal domains of QoL. MT services should now improve awareness of the procedure, lobby for further support to provide wider access to the procedure, and routinely use measures assessing psychosocial outcomes.
The Effect of the 2008 Recession on Gifted Education Funding Across the State of Texas
Authors: Hodges Jaret , Tay Juliana , Desmet Ophélie , Ozturk Emine , Pereira Nielsen
Published: July 2018

The effect of the 2008 Recession has reverberated throughout public education in the United States. This paper examines how the gifted education funding in the state of Texas changed following the Great Recession. The framework of a generalized longitudinal mixed effect model was used to explore this topic. Data acquired from the Texas Education Association included financial and demographic information on Texas School districts (n = 1,025) between the 1999–2000 and 2014–2015 academic school years. The primary finding was that the Great Recession adversely affected suburban school districts. These districts saw a greater percentage point reduction of budget allocated toward gifted programming (–.24) than rural (–.08), town (–.05), or urban (–.08) school districts (t = 2.72, p < .01).
Effect of 1 month of zopiclone on obstructive sleep apnoea severity and symptoms: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Carter Sophie G. , Carberry Jayne C. , Cho Garry , Fisher Lauren P. , Rollo Charlotte M. , Stevens David J. , D'Rozario Angela L. , McKenzie David K. , Grunstein Ronald R. , Eckert Danny J.
Published: July 2018

Hypnotic use in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is contraindicated due to safety concerns. Recent studies indicate that single-night hypnotic use worsens hypoxaemia in some and reduces OSA severity in others depending on differences in pathophysiology. However, longer clinical trial data are lacking. This study aimed to determine the effects of 1 month of zopiclone on OSA severity, sleepiness and alertness in patients with low–moderate respiratory arousal thresholds without major overnight hypoxaemia.

69 participants completed a physiology screening night with an epiglottic catheter to quantify arousal threshold. 30 eligible patients (apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) 22±11 events·h−1) then completed standard in-laboratory polysomnography (baseline) and returned for two additional overnight sleep studies (nights 1 and 30) after receiving either nightly zopiclone (7.5 mg) or placebo during a 1-month, double-blind, randomised, parallel trial (ANZCTRidentifier ANZCTRN12613001106729).

The change in AHI from baseline to night 30 was not different between zopicloneversusplacebo groups (−5.9±10.2versus−2.4±5.5 events·h−1; p=0.24). Similarly, hypoxaemia, next-day sleepiness and driving simulator performance were not different.

1 month of zopiclone does not worsen OSA severity, sleepiness or alertness in selected patients without major overnight hypoxaemia. As the first study to assess the effect of a hypnotic on OSA severity and sleepiness beyond single-night studies, these findings provide important safety data and insight into OSA pathophysiology.
Pharmacists and medication adherence in asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mes Marissa Ayano , Katzer Caroline Brigitte , Chan Amy Hai Yan , Wileman Vari , Taylor Stephanie Jane Caroline , Horne Rob
Published: July 2018

The Lancet Asthma Commission highlighted that non-adherence remains a persistent barrier within asthma care. Medical consultations remain pivotal in addressing non-adherence, but interest in additional adherence support from pharmacists is increasing. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate how effective pharmacist-led interventions are in improving medication adherence in adults with asthma.

Studies were included if they had adult participants with asthma, pharmacist-led or collaborative care interventions, randomised controlled trial designs comparing interventions with usual pharmacist care, and a medication adherence outcome. We analysed adherence data using the standardised mean difference (d) and the remaining data were synthesised narratively.

From 1159 records, 11 were included in the narrative synthesis and nine in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis for adherence produced a medium effect size ofd=0.49 (se=0.08, 95% CI 0.35–0.64, p<0.0001) with low statistical heterogeneity.

In line with the Perceptions and Practicalities Approach, interventions targeted to address both the perceptions and practicalities that influence individual motivation and ability to adhere were more effective. Contextual factors (country and healthcare setting) were also influential. Our findings suggest that with adequate remuneration and integration into asthma care, pharmacists can help improve adherence in asthma.
Role of C1q-binding anti-HLA antibodies as a predictor of lung allograft outcome
Authors: Brugière Olivier , Roux Antoine , Le Pavec Jerome , Sroussi Deborah , Parquin François , Pradère Pauline , Dupin Clairelyne , Bunel Vincent , Mourin Gisele , Jebrak Gilles , Dauriat Gaëlle , Castier Yves , Mordant Pierre , Lortat-Jacob Brice , Jean-Baptiste Sylvain , Mal Herve , Suberbielle Caroline , Gautreau Chantal , Caillat-Zucman Sophie , Cazes Aurélie , Thabut Gabriel , Taupin Jean-Luc
Published: July 2018

Presence of anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) is associated with poor outcome after lung transplantation. Currently, DSAs are detected using the Luminex technique, which may be overly sensitive. The new C1q assay allows for the exclusive detection of complement (C1q)-binding antibodies, involved in antibody-mediated rejection. We investigated whether early detection of complement-binding DSAs is associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and survival.

From 2009 to 2012, lung transplant recipients from three transplantation centres were screened for the presence of DSA and their complement-binding capacity during the 6–12 months post-transplantation in a stable condition.

The analysis included 168 patients. The 3-year rates of freedom from CLAD and graft survival were lower for patients with complement-binding DSAs (33.6% and 53.7%, respectively), as compared with patients with non-complement-binding DSAs (61.9% and 77.4%, respectively) and patients without DSA (70% and 84.9%, respectively) (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Detection of complement-binding DSA was associated with a risk of graft loss that was nearly tripled after adjustment for clinical, functional, histological and immunological factors (hazard ratio 2.98, 95% CI 1.33–6.66; p=0.008).

Assessment of the C1q-binding capacity of DSA appears to be useful in identifying stable lung transplant recipients at high risk of lung allograft loss.
Characteristics of footwear worn by people with systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison with age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls: a pilot study
Authors: Stewart Sarah , Keys Monique , Brenton‐Rule Angela , Aiyer Ashok , Dalbeth Nicola , Rome Keith
Published: July 2018

Background

To determine characteristics of footwear worn by people with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

Twenty‐two people with SLE and twenty matched healthy controls participated in a cross‐sectional study. Objective assessments of footwear included: fit, style, structure, motion control, cushioning, and wear. Footwear was classified as poor, average or good based on a standardised tool. Participants completed 100mm visual analogue scales for foot pain and footwear comfort and suitability. Participants with SLE were asked to indicate which footwear features were important to them using a validated checklist.

Results

No differences were observed between groups for footwear fit, age, style, heel height, forefoot flexion or cushioning (all P>0.05). Compared to controls, a greater number of participants with SLE wore shoes with worn tread (65% vs. 91%, P=0.041), wore shoes with a lower motion control scale (median: 5.0 vs. 1.0, P=0.003), and rated their footwear as less comfortable (median: 90mm vs. 78mm, P=0.024) and less suitable (median: 88mm vs. 76mm, P=0.030). Participants with SLE experienced greater foot pain than controls (median: 17mm vs. 0mm, P=0.038). Comfort (95%), fit (95%) and style (86%) were identified as the most important footwear features by people with SLE.

Conclusions

Compared to control participants, people with SLE wear shoes that are more worn and lack motion control. They also report greater foot pain and report their shoes to be less comfortable and suitable. These findings highlight the need for a further focus on the role of footwear in the management of foot problems in people with SLE.
DDIT4 promotes gastric cancer proliferation and tumorigenesis through the p53 and MAPK pathways
Authors: Du Feng , Sun Lina , Chu Yi , Li Tingyu , Lei Chao , Wang Xin , Jiang Mingzuo , Min Yali , Lu Yuanyuan , Zhao Xiaodi , Nie Yongzhan , Fan Daiming
Published: July 2018

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, particularly in China. DNA damage‐inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) is a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor and is induced by various cellular stresses; however, its critical role in GC remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the potential relationship and the underlying mechanism between DDIT4 and GC development.

Methods

We used western blotting, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemical or immunofluorescence to determine DDIT4 expression in GC cells and tissues. High‐content screening, cell counting kit‐8 assays, colony formation, and in vivo tumorigenesis assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to investigate cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution.

Results

DDIT4 was upregulated in GC cells and tissue. Furthermore, downregulating DDIT4 in GC cells inhibited proliferation both in vitro and in vivo and increased 5‐fluorouracil‐induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In contrast, ectopic expression of DDIT4 in normal gastric epithelial cells promoted proliferation and attenuated chemosensitivity. Further analysis indicated that the mitogen‐activated protein kinase and p53 signaling pathways were involved in the suppression of proliferation, and increased chemosensitivity upon DDIT4 downregulation.

Conclusion

DDIT4 promotes GC proliferation and tumorigenesis, providing new insights into the role of DDIT4 in the tumorigenesis of human GC.
Current understanding of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder
Authors: Yakeley Jessica
Published: July 2018

This article reviews historical contributions to the conceptualisation of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), including its evolution as a clinical diagnosis within the DSM classification of mental disorders. It discusses the epidemiology and aetiology of NPD, noting that empirical studies of both are limited. The challenges of managing patients with prominent narcissistic traits are presented, and the psychological therapies specifically designed for the treatment of patients with NPD are summarised.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•

Understand different models of narcissism

•

Understand the epidemiology, comorbidity and theories of aetiology of NPD

•

Know how to manage and treat patients with pathological narcissism and NPD

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

None.
Detection of Somatic Structural Variants Enables Quantification and Characterization of Circulating Tumor DNA in Children With Solid Tumors
Authors: Klega Kelly , Imamovic-Tuco Alma , Ha Gavin , Clapp Andrea N. , Meyer Stephanie , Ward Abigail , Clinton Catherine , Nag Anwesha , Van Allen Eliezer , Mullen Elizabeth , DuBois Steven G. , Janeway Katherine , Meyerson Matthew , Thorner Aaron R. , Crompton Brian D.
Published: July 2018

Objective

Liquid biopsies are being rapidly used in adult cancers as new biomarkers of disease. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels have been reported to be proportional to disease burden, correlate with treatment response, and predict relapse. However, little is known about how frequently ctDNA is detectable in pediatric patients with solid tumors. Therefore, we developed a next-generation sequencing approach to detect and quantify ctDNA in the blood of patients with the most common pediatric solid tumors.

Methods

Detection of ctDNA requires assays sensitive to somatic events typically observed in the cancer type being studied. In pediatric solid tumors, structural variants are more common than recurrent point mutations. We adapted an ultralow passage whole-genome sequencing approach to capture copy number variants and a hybrid capture sequencing assay to detect translocations in liquid biopsy samples from pediatric patients.

Results

Copy number changes seen by ultralow passage whole-genome sequencing enabled detection of ctDNA in patients with osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and Wilms tumor. In Ewing sarcoma, detection of the EWSR1 translocation was a more sensitive approach. For patients with samples collected at multiple time points, changes in ctDNA levels corresponded to treatment response. We also found that disease-specific genomic biomarkers of prognosis were detectable in ctDNA.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that liquid biopsy approaches that detect somatic structural variants are well suited to pediatric solid tumors. We show that children with the most common solid tumor malignancies have detectable levels of ctDNA, which may be used to track disease response and identify genomic subclassifiers of disease. Efforts to profile larger collections of clinically annotated specimens are under way to validate the clinical use of these assays.
Use of Low-Frequency Driver Mutations Detected by Cell-Free Circulating Tumor DNA to Guide Targeted Therapy in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Case Series
Authors: Jacobs Miriam T. , Mohindra Nisha A. , Shantzer Lindsey , Chen Ingrid L. , Phull Hardeep , Mitchell William , Raymond Victoria M. , Banks Kimberly C. , Nagy Rebecca J. , Lanman Richard B. , Christensen James , Patel Jyoti D. , Clarke Jeffrey , Patel Sandip P.
Published: July 2018

Purpose

To evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer treated by targeting low variant allelic frequency (VAF) driver mutations identified through cell-free DNA (cfDNA) next-generation sequencing (NGS). Detection of driver mutations in cancer is critically important in the age of targeted therapy, where both tumor-based as well as cfDNA sequencing methods have been used for therapeutic decision making. We hypothesized that VAF should not be predictive of response and that low VAF alterations detected by cfDNA NGS can respond to targeted therapy.

Patients and Methods

A multicenter retrospective case review was performed to identify patients with non–small-cell lung cancer who received targeted molecular therapy on the basis of findings of low VAF alterations in cfDNA NGS. Mutations at low VAF were defined as < 0.2% mutated cfDNA molecules in a background of wild-type cfDNA.

Results

One hundred seventy-two patients underwent cfDNA NGS testing. Of the 172 patients, 12 were identified as having low VAF driver alterations and were considered for targeted therapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 52 weeks (range, 17 to 88 weeks). For patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion (n = 7), the median PFS was 52 weeks (range, 17 to 60.5 weeks). For patients with EML4-ALK fusions (n = 3), the median PFS was 60 weeks (range, 18 to 88 weeks). The median overall survival for all patients after diagnosis was 57.6 weeks.

Conclusion

Targeted treatment response for driver mutations detected by cfDNA may be independent of VAF, even in relation to other higher VAF aberrations in plasma, and directly dependent on the underlying disease biology and ability to treat the patient with appropriate targeted therapy.
Clinical application and technical considerations of T
1 & T
2(*) mapping in cardiac, liver, and renal imaging
Authors: Dekkers Ilona A , Lamb Hildo J
Published: July 2018

Pathological tissue alterations due to disease processes such as fibrosis, edema and infiltrative disease can be non-invasively visualized and quantified by MRI using T  1 and T  2 relaxation properties. Pixel-wise mapping of T  1 and T  2 image sequences enable direct quantification of T  1, T  2(*), and extracellular volume values of the target organ of interest. Tissue characterization based on T  1 and T  2(*) mapping is currently making the transition from a research tool to a clinical modality, as clinical usefulness has been established for several diseases such as myocarditis, amyloidosis, Anderson-Fabry and iron deposition. Other potential clinical applications besides the heart include, quantification of steatosis, cirrhosis, hepatic siderosis and renal fibrosis. Here, we provide an overview of potential clinical applications of T  1 andT  2(*) mapping for imaging of cardiac, liver and renal disease. Furthermore, we give an overview of important technical considerations necessary for clinical implementation of quantitative parametric imaging, involving data acquisition, data analysis, quality assessment, and interpretation. In order to achieve clinical implementation of these techniques, standardization of T  1 and T  2(*) mapping methodology and validation of impact on clinical decision making is needed.
The Knowledge Basis of Development of Economic Systems in the Conditions of New Economy Formation
Authors: Каленов Олег , Kalenov Oleg
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the role of knowledge in the development of micro- and macroeconomic systems in the new economic realities. The author examines the forms of knowledge in the organization, gives a detailed description of them. It is emphasized that knowledge can be formed not only in knowledge-intensive and high-tech industries. At the same time, there is a two-way dependence: knowledge acts as both a resource and a product with its specific properties. The article describes 4 stages of knowledge circulation, gives the characteristics of the conditions without which the circulation cannot be fully implemented. The author highlights the main tool of knowledge formation-the national innovation system and indicates the balance of its basic elements: the state, science, education and business. In conclusion, the importance of knowledge in the processes of economic development is emphasized.
Inferring the Economics of Store Density from Closures: The Starbucks Case
Authors: Guler Ali Umut
Published: July 2018

This paper proposes a method that makes use of firms’ mass store closures to measure the store network effects of cannibalization and density economies. I calculate each store’s contribution to chain-level profits via one-store perturbations on the set of retained stores, and map these onto the firm’s closure choices. To separate the demand- and supply-side store network effects, I exploit the fact that the business-stealing effect intensifies with local network density, whereas the supply-side disadvantage prevails at sparse regions of the network. I apply the method to study the Starbucks chain. The average rate of cannibalization imposed by a neighbor outlet is 1.2% within one mile and 0.4% within one to three miles. For remote outlets, operation costs increase by 0.3% of revenues for each mile of distance from the network. Counterfactual analyses suggest that income level is a more important determinant of demand than population count at low levels of store penetration, whereas high-population regions can sustain denser store networks because of the softening of the cannibalization effect.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1078 .
THE DISABLED POPULATION AND THEIR EDUCATIONAL STATUS IN INDIA
Authors: Lakshmana C M , Maruthi I
Published: July 2018

De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), os deficientes são privados de todas as oportunidades de desenvolvimento social e econômico. Cerca de 400 milhões de pessoas com deficiência vivem no mundo em desenvolvimento. As instalações básicas, como saúde, educação e emprego são negadas a essa parte vulnerável da população. Cerca de 70%  dos deficientes estão desempregados. De acordo com o Censo de 2011, a população total da Índia é de 1,23 bilhão de habitantes, na qual cerca de 2,1% (mais de 21 milhões de pessoas) sofrem de um ou outro tipo de deficiência. No entanto, o presente artigo enfoca a questão da deficiência e seu status educacional na Índia. Uma análise de estado-sábio foi feita para o estudo para entender a variação regional. Em todos os estados, o maior número de pessoas com deficiência é relatado em  Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Bengala Ocidental e Madhya Pradesh. Os dados do censo disponíveis foram usados para examinar a proporção de incapacidade e seu status educacional na Índia nas duas últimas décadas. O estudo constatou que, em um período de tempo, entre pessoas com deficiência, não apenas o status educacional da população com deficiência melhorou durante a década em análise, mas também aumentou o percentual de alfabetizados entre a população deficiente femininae masculina e o seu status, em níveis educacionais mais altos, também melhorou consequentemente.
O Contrato Animal
Authors: Calloni Humberto , Sanchez Karine Ferreira
Published: July 2018

Resenha da obra "O Contrato Animal" de Desmond Morris. Trata-se de alertar a humanidade para o grave risco que corre em "utilizar-se" da natureza não mais como meio de sobrevivência necessária, mas de destruí-la e degradá-la a ponto de romper com o contrato tácito entre homem-animal selvagem/domesticado, ou seja, de não respeitar os limites de um acordo milenar instituído pelos nossos antepassados históricos e assim valer-se dos outros animais como objetos a seu dispor. É uma obra que convida à reflexão da nossa arrogância antropocêntrica que ignora, ainda que com certos avanços, a "simbiose" entre todos os elementos vitais, a importância dos animais e sua preservação com dignidade e respeito. Finalmente, a superpopulação humana do planeta Terra força os animais selvagens a serem destituídos de seus habitas naturais, além de serem barbaramente massacrados pelos humanos em eventos lúdicos ainda existentes e outros expedientes inenarráveis.
Sociedades Sustentáveis: em defesa dos diálogos entre gerações. Um olhar crítico ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Patronis Dominguez Isabel Georgina
Published: July 2018

Este artigo é um extrato da pesquisa na área da Educação Ambiental Crítica, a qual propõe uma reflexão sobre a importância das relações coeducativas entre gerações para sociedades mais sustentáveis. Haveria indicadores de que esses diálogos podem influenciar e, de algum modo, contribuir para a Sustentabilidade? A investigação envolveu 60 pessoas entre oito e setenta anos, no âmbito de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família, com o uso de metodologias ativas e participativas, em 30 interações educativas. O que resultou na identificação de elementos que podem influenciar a qualidade dessas relações, oferecendo contribuições para novas práticas coeducativas, além de eventualmente estimular novos estudos e interações dialógicas, levando em conta a relevância temática da intergeracionalidade e da sustentabilidade.
Educação Ambiental e saberes socioambientais: experiências com os visitantes do projeto tamar da ilha do papagaio, Vitória – ES
Authors: Fardim Lorena Moreira , Gonzalez Soler
Published: July 2018

Esse artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa realizada para a obtenção do grau de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Nos movimentos da pesquisa chegamos à base do Tamar, na Ilha do Papagaio, emergindo algumas problematizações: como as práticas de educação ambiental do Tamar atravessam os cotidianos escolares? Quais são as singularidades dos grupos e as potencialidades das visitas? Os objetivos dessa pesquisa foram problematizar e acompanhar os movimentos de educações ambientais que acontecem na vida cotidiana com as visitas no Projeto Tamar. Nossas aproximações metodológicas se inspiram nas pesquisas com os cotidianos. Apostamos em educações ambientais como educação política, que se constituem a cada dia. Assim esse trabalho foi uma tentativa de nos aproximar das educações ambientais que acontecem no Tamar.
Educação Ambiental e Água: os diferentes olhares e perspectivas dentro da gestão pública
Authors: Trujillo Souza Jessica Prudencio , Bagnolo Carolina Messora
Published: July 2018

Atualmente vivemos um cenário de crise ambiental, tendo destaque o elemento água. O diálogo sobre seus diversos usos é realizado por meio dos Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas (CBH) no qual se insere o CBH dos rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiaí (Comitês PCJ). Nesse contexto, existe a Câmara Técnica de Educação Ambiental (CT-EA) que discute questões socioambientais relacionadas à água. Sendo assim, a questão orientadora deste artigo é: quais concepções de EA são abordadas na CT-EA no âmbito dos Comitês PCJ? Para elucidar essa questão analisamos documentos, reuniões e entrevistas da CT-EA. Nossos resultados apontam para diversas concepções de EA presentes na CT-EA dos Comitês PCJ, demonstrando esse espaço público é formado por pessoas com diversos olhares, vivências e expectativas sobre o campo da EA.
Políticas públicas de Educação AmbIental da Secretaria Estadual de educação de Santa Catarina : uma análise crítica
Authors: Moraes Adriana Lima , Loureiro Carlos Frederico Bernardo
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo analisa o processo de construção das políticas públicas de educação ambiental da Secretaria de Educação de Santa Catarina, tomando como ponto de partida o ano 1991, quando da elaboração de sua primeira proposta curricular. Para tanto, a pesquisa utilizou como procedimento metodológico a análise documental. O argumento orientador parte do entendimento das políticas públicas de educação ambiental enquanto constitutivas e constituídas pelas políticas de educação que são configuradas sob certa conformação do Estado. O artigo conclui que as políticas de educação ambiental, em termos discursivos, aglutinam, sem mediação crítica, princípios educacionais de diferentes matrizes de pensamento (histórico-crítica, sistêmica, pragmática etc.), e são promovidas sob os preceitos do Estado gerencial e da ideologia da Terceira Via.
COMO NASCEM OS BEBÉS E COMO VÃO PARAR DENTRO DA BARRIGA DAS MÃES?
Authors: Gomes Gonçalves Letícia , Simões Costa Renata Raquel , Teixeira Filomena , Teles Cardoso Ana Cristina
Published: July 2018

O projeto que se apresenta surgiu do interesse e curiosidade de uma criança que ia ter um irmão. Foi realizado em contexto de estágio num Jardim de Infância de uma Instituição Particular de Solidariedade Social (IPSS) que se rege pelo modelo pedagógico do Movimento da Escola Moderna (MEM).
Educação como Prática da Liberdade para Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais: saberes, vivências e (re)leituras em Paulo Freire
Authors: Pereira Cleyton Feitosa , Lage Allene Carvalho
Published: July 2018

Resumo: Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com foco nas obras “Educação como Prática da Liberdade” e “Pedagogia do Oprimido”, tecemos reflexões e conexões entre o pensamento freireano e a luta cotidiana do Movimento LGBT. As análises apontaram perspectivas de existir e estar no mundo - a integração ou a acomodação - e a relação que a população LGBT estabelece com o enfrentamento à heteronormatividade remetendo-nos à contradição opressor-oprimido. Entendemos essa complexa conjuntura violadora de direitos por aquilo que Freire chamou de “inexperiência democrática” como sendo parte da realidade construída historicamente por meio da colonização de povos latinoamericanos. Mas compreendemos também que a emancipação pode se dar através de uma educação horizontal, dialógica, plural e conscientizadora. Uma educação como prática da liberdade.Palavras-Chave: Educação. Diversidade sexual. Emancipação. Paulo Freire. Resumen: A través de una investigación bibliográfica, con foco en las obras "Educación como Práctica de la Libertad" y "Pedagogía del Oprimido", tejemos reflexiones y conexiones entre el pensamiento freireano y la lucha cotidiana del Movimiento LGBT. Los análisis apuntaron perspectivas de existir y estar en el mundo - la integración o el acomodamento - y la relación que la población LGBT establece con el enfrentamiento a la heteronormatividad remitiéndonos a la contradicción opresor-oprimido. Entendemos esa compleja coyuntura violadora de derechos por lo que Freire llamó "inexperiencia democrática" como parte de la realidad construida históricamente por medio de la colonización de pueblos latinoamericanos. Pero comprendemos también que la emancipación puede darse a través de una educación horizontal, dialógica, plural y concientizadora. Una educación como práctica de la libertad.Palabras clave: Educación. Diversidad sexual. Emancipación. Paulo Freire. Abstract: Through a bibliographical research, focusing on the works "Education as a Practice of Freedom" and "Pedagogy of the Oppressed", we weave reflections and connections between Freirean thinking and the daily struggle of the LGBT Movement. The analysis pointed to perspectives of existence and being in the world - integration or accommodation - and the relationship that the LGBT population establishes with the confrontation with heteronormativity, referring to the oppressive-oppressed contradiction. We understand this complex situation violating rights by what Freire called "democratic inexperience" as part of the reality historically built through the colonization of Latin American peoples. But we also understand that emancipation can take place through a horizontal, dialogical, pluralistic and conscientious education. An education as a practice of freedom.Keywords: Education. Sexual diversity. Emancipation. Paulo Freire.
Sonhos & medos - O que guardo na bolsa amarela? - um relato de experiência
Authors: Martins Luciane Botelho
Published: July 2018

A educação é feita de desafios. Hoje, mais do que nunca, se faz necessário não só pensar/refletir, mas também agir em prol de um ensino que ultrapasse os limites do aprendizado formal. É necessário formar sujeitos humanos capazes de sonhar e de vencer o medo, sujeitos capazes de transformar a sociedade machista, homofóbica e intolerante, na qual vivemos, em uma sociedade que preze pelo respeito e pela igualdade de gênero. Movida por esse desejo, comecei a participar do GESE, em 2017. Ao longo do ano, instigada pelas reflexões que o grupo proporciona e pela brilhante obra de Lygia Bojunga – A bolsa Amarela –, desenvolvi com alunos do 5o ano da rede pública municipal de ensino um trabalho que alia leitura, reflexão, tomada de posição e produção escrita. Trabalho esse que passo a descrever neste espaço, como um relato de experiência que faz valer a profissão que escolhi: “ser educadora”.
El programa de Historia para la educación básica 2018 en México. Concepciones sobre el aprendizaje, las estrategias y las actividades didácticas
Authors: Abellán Fernández Jordi
Published: July 2018

Las reformas educativas se sustentan en promesas de innovación y mejora del aprendizaje. En muchos países, el currículum de historia oscila entre la continuidad del código disciplinar y las pretensiones de cambio, una disputa que por lo general se decanta a favor de la tradición. En México, la renovación curricular se produce sin disponer de un diagnóstico como referencia y después de transitar durante siete años con el plan de estudios 2011. En este artículo, en lugar de indagar en las finalidades, su correspondencia con el resto de dimensiones curriculares o en las condiciones formativas que se requieren para modificar la práctica, se someten a análisis las estrategias, las actividades y la función del alumnado que se sugieren en el programa de historia. En el texto se demuestra que la propuesta didáctica y la concepción sobre el aprendizaje son homogéneas, canónicas, contradictorias, ingenuas y teóricas.
Enseñar Historia en la carrera de Nutrición
Authors: Cammarota Adrián , Faccia Karina
Published: July 2018

El trabajo tiene como objetivo describir y reflexionar sobre la importancia de las Ciencias Sociales en el campo de las ciencias médicas, tomando como experiencia nuestra labor en la materia Historia Argentina y Latinoamericana de las Ciencias de la Salud en la Universidad Nacional de La Matanza y, específicamente, en la carrera de grado de la Licenciatura en Nutrición. Nuestra labor se ve potentada por el desarrollo de los estudios sobre salud/enfermedad y en consonancia con un incipiente proceso en el cual, los parámetros de las ciencias sociales han permeado de manera incipiente la formación de los futuros profesionales de la salud.
Herrera, M. y Pertuz, C. (2016). Educación y políticas de la memoria en América Latina. Por una pedagogía más allá del paradigma del sujeto víctima.
Authors: Arias Gómez Diego Hernán
Published: July 2018

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Las creencias involuntarias en Sexto Empírico y Hume
Authors: Aguirre Lisandro
Published: July 2018

El objeto de estudio de este trabajo es la creencia. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar cómo a través de ese concepto el escepticismo moderno de Hume y el antiguo de Pirrón pueden llegar a converger en una posición bastante similar. Ambas actitudes teóricas y a la vez prácticas consideran que es lícito dar “asentimiento a aquello que se presenta al hombre de modo inevitable e independientemente de nuestra voluntad. Sabemos que tanto para Sexto como para Hume hay algo, independientemente del nombre que le demos (“phainómenon”, “perceptions”), que nos “induce” o nos “exige” asentimiento, término fundamental que parece indicar un concepto común al escepticismo antiguo y al pensamiento de Hume. ¿Será entonces legítimo o justificado seguir apoyando el juicio de la historia que calificó en un principio a Hume de “empirista” o posteriormente de “naturalista”? ¿No será más exacto rastrear cierto pirronismo, aunque sea inconsciente, en las ideas del escocés? Nuestra respuesta parte de la interpretación no tradicional de Michael Frede que fundamentó con cierta solidez la idea de que el escéptico no renuncia a tener creencias o, al menos, puede tenerlas sin infringir con ello la epoché. La cuestión central será entonces determinar qué significado habría que atribuir al término “creencia”.
La construcción social de las normas morales
Authors: Heler Mario
Published: July 2018

En nuestro presente, los cambios sociales afectan a nuestro ethos, así como abundan los cuestionamientos y disputas sobre las concepciones éticas tradiciona­les y también sobre las actuales propuestas que intentan dar respuestas éticas a las nuevas situaciones. Con el objeto de explorar una posibilidad de pensar nuestra actualidad, trataré aquí de precisar la matriz de interpretación con la que se ha articulado el ethos moderno y que perdura con modificaciones hasta nuestros días. A partir de tal precisión, avanzaré por un camino de indagación que se abre cuando no nos ubicamos en la perspectiva del “ojo de Dios”, esto es, cuando dejamos de centrar la reflexión en el que he llamado problema teológico de la modernidad, para ocuparnos del problema de la construcción social de las normas morales. El intento por dar cuenta de una moral secular que no quede lastrada con presupuestos de los inicios de la modernidad, llevará a diferenciar entre la moral, entendida como los usos y costumbres de un grupo humano, y la ética como crítica de la moral establecida. En la tensión entre moral y ética sostendré que se juega la construcción de las normas morales.
Génesis teórica del Estado
Authors: Martínez Barrera Jorge
Published: July 2018

El trabajo rastrea el origen del término Estado, la evolución de su concepto y su relación con el derecho en la Filosofía antigua y medieval, para centrarse luego en Maquiavello y en los clásicos de la Filosofía política de la modernidad. Estudia luego la aparición del concepto de soberanía especialmente en Bodino y en Hobbes, el cual, junto con el aparato legal, son los que caracterizan al Estado moderno. La exposición concluye con la introducción, a partir de Locke, de la idea de que la primera fuente de donde emana la soberanía es el pueblo. Y si esto es así, está claro que la cabeza del Estado es un representante del pueblo o un mandatario. La soberanía del que preside el Estado es una soberanía por fideicomiso. El camino está así definitivamente abierto para la teoría de la soberanía popular, la cual no implica de ningún modo una puesta en tela de juicio de la soberanía del Estado. Ambas son perfectamente complementarias e incluso, una no puede expresarse sin la otra.
THE ANALYSIS OF TOPICS AND TOPIC BOUNDARY MARKERS IN IONESCO’S ABSURD PLAY THE LESSON
Authors: Wijaya Henny Putri Saking
Published: July 2018

People sometimes experience miscommunication when they have a conversation. It may happen because they fail to recognize the topic of discussion and the topic shift markers. A conversation has a clear structure that is not realized by the speakers. In this study, the writer chose The Lesson, one of the most famous absurd plays by Ionesco, as the data. In this play, the structure of conversation is difficult to understand, especially in the conversation between the Professor and the Young Pupil. Based on this condition, the writer investigates the structure of the conversation between the Professor and the Young Pupil in order to find the main topics and the topic boundary markers occurred in the topic shift in the conversation. The data were analyzed using the theories of topic shift by Coulthard (2014) and topic boundary markers by Stenstrom (2014). The findings show that there were four topics in the conversations between the Professor and the Young Pupil and ‘let’s’ is the topic boundary marker often used to open a new topic and to close a topic. In conclusion, even in an absurd play where the structure is difficult to understand, there is a clear structure of the conversation.