bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prospective study on limberg flap procedure for pilonidal sinus
Authors: Satpathy Samarendra , Nayak Ashok Kumar , Mahapatra Sanjay Kumar , Unnikrishnan Akhil
Published: August 2021

Pilonidal sinus is a blind ending track containing hair follicles within it and is primarily a disease involving sacrococcygeal region. The exact etiology of this disease process is unknown and is still controversial. There are various treatment methods for pilonidal sinus and the preferred method is Limberg flap reconstruction surgery due to its less complications and less recurrence.

Our study was a prospective study including 28 patients who were admitted for pilonidal sinus and operated by Limberg flap reconstruction surgery at Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences And Research from January 2018 to June 2020.

Our study included 28 patients, and the female to male ratio is 1:13. Duration of symptoms had a range from 1-4 months and the mean age of the study population was 28.5 year. Patients underwent Limberg flap reconstruction surgery and 89.28% followed a normal course after surgery , 7.14% developed seroma and 3.57% developed surgical site infection in their post-operative period.

Limberg flap reconstruction surgery is the most preferred method of treatment for pilonidal sinus because of its low infection and recurrence rates, better aesthetic results after surgery and short duration of hospital stay.
Clinico-Etiological profile of congestive heart failure (CHF) in children
Authors: Kumar Agarwalla Sunil , Prasanna Pradhan Sarada
Published: August 2021

Congestive heart failure (CHF) occurs when the heart doesn’t pump blood to meet the oxygen demand of the various organs. Usually congenital heart disease (CHD) like VSD, PDA, CoA, TGA physiology, ECD, Ebstein anomaly present with CHF before U5 age. In India most common cause of CHF from 5 to 15 yrs. age is due to Rheumatic Fever / RHD. We also get cases like pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis, DCM, AR in rheumatic disease, iron overload causing myocardial failure in Thalassemia and anemia presenting as CHF as in more than 5-year children. CHF cases contribute to about 10% of mortality in children.

We conducted a Hospital based descriptive and cross-sectional study from November 2018 to October 2020 at Pediatric department of M.K.C.G Medical College Hospital, Berhampur. All pediatric patients with signs and symptoms of CHF as per clinical diagnosis in the age group of 1 month to 14 year were included in our study. The study population was 136. Out of the total cardiac cases, 57% were CHD, 43% were acquired. Among the total 105 cardiac cases of CHF, CHD were 60(57.2%). Out of the total CHD, acyanotic heart diseases were 46.7% and acquired heart diseases constituted 42.8%. Out of total 136 cases 87(63.2%) were discharged, 23(17.6%) died, 19 cases (14%) were referred to higher centre. After data collection detail analysis was made by SPSS software. An initiative regarding addressing the problematic Congestive heart failure along with its clinical management will definitely help the future generation and researchers.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 3, no. 5, junio 1976
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Unplanned Settlement Enclave Amidst Private City Developments
Authors: Purwanto Edi , Sjarief Rachman , Dawan Anil , Tafridj Issa Samichat Ismail , Ardana Mochammad Veldian , Oktiara Dhini Nur
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to discover the factors which create the bonding social capital strengthening the relationship amongst Lengkong Kyai residents, Tangerang Regency, Banten, Indonesia. This research employs the qualitative method by triangulating primary data collected from in-depth interviews with local community leaders and public figures, field observation, and secondary data in the form of video recording, journalistic publications, and scientific journals from previous researches. The result shows that historical legacy, maintenance strategy, implantation of cultural, religious, and spiritual beliefs values, shared identity, as well as a relationship based on mutual trust are the factors contributing to the bonding social capital amongst Lengkong Kyai Residents. The novelty of this research is pointing out that policymakers, developers, even capitalist-oriented academicians often neglect the existence of bonding social capital in the development of urban settlements. This neglect often creates tension between kampong enclave’s residents and housing developers. Coexisting and mutual respect becomes important in building bridging and linking social capital between kampong residents, housing developers, local government, and private city dwellers.
La inscripción de una marca de moda internacional vía OMPI
Authors: Adansa Reggiani Lucio J.
Published: August 2021

El proceso de Internacionalización de una marca de moda requiere una estrategia previa en la que se valoren los recursos monetarios disponibles para destinar al registro, la urgencia de presentar solicitudes en mercados donde ya se está comercializando la marca, así como la intención de ampliar la exportación del producto en el futuro, aumentándose en consecuencia los países en los que habrá de solicitarse protección. El Sistema de Madrid es una alternativa útil y ventajosa para los titulares de marcas que cuentan con un presupuesto limitado y requieren de una protección amplia de su marca, brindándoles además la posibilidad de agregar designaciones en una etapa posterior.
Medidas aduaneras contra el tráfico de productos de Moda y falsificados en Argentina
Authors: Alais Horacio Félix
Published: August 2021

La moda como expresión cultural involucra a una gran cantidad de mercaderías que circulan internacionalmente. Los diseños, formas, utilidades son el fruto de un trabajo creativo de personas, equipos interdisciplinarios, investigadores, y de empresas. El fruto obtenido en esa actividad tiene tutela en virtud del Acuerdo de la OMC sobre los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionados con el Comercio (ADPIC). Los derechos intangibles son una parte integrante del valor de las mercaderías y por tal motivo tiene impacto en el Derecho Aduanero ya que integran la base de valoración a los fines de la aplicación de los tributos al comercio exterior. La tutela de respetar los derechos de autor y el uso correcto de las marcas comerciales e industriales se ha presentado como una actividad de control propia de las aduanas y en esa misión la Organización Mundial de Aduanas realizó recomendaciones para optimizar el control y de esta manera impedir el flujo de mercaderías en infracción. En la Argentina conforme a estos parámetros ha implementado un mecanismo de prohibición de circulación de mercaderías en fraude marcario o copia pirata o no autorizada.
Przemiany sieci osadniczej w regionie Starohorských vrchov w Słowacji
Authors: Čuka Peter
Published: August 2021

W artykule autor przedstawia warunki powstania i rozwoju sieci osadniczej w regionie górskim. Analizuje procesy asymilacji i kolonizacji turystycznej na terenach Starohorskych vrchov wskazując na procesy oddziaływania przestrzeni górskiej (gminy i osady) na przestrzeń kotlin (miasta).
​Strategic Role of Indian State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) in Rural Development: A Review
Authors: Lalitha A. , Purnima K.S. , Reddy K. Gurava , Babu Suresh , Sambaiah A.
Published: August 2021

State Agricultural Universities (SAUs), in India, have adopted the U.S. land-grant model to meet its goals. They are autonomous organisations with state-wide responsibility for agricultural education, research and extension education. Through teaching, research and extension activities the 64 SAUs across 28 states of India are significantly contributing to agricultural production and productivity of their respective states directly and therefore to the rural development. SAUs rural development strategies include technologies and innovations, extension and human resource development. Regional Agricultural Research Stations in various agro-climatic zones have strengthened research-extension-farmer (REF) linkages. KVKs under administrative control of SAUs serve as farm science centres of their respective districts. In this paper, the rural development approaches of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur Andhra Pradesh is detailed. Furthermore, strategic planning by the SAUs to increase their effectiveness for direct rural development should be sustained.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Active Knowledge Sharing t terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematik Siswa
Authors: Satriawati Gusni , Musyrifah Eva , Purwanto Sigit
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 3 Tangerang Selatan Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh strategi pembelajaran Active Knowledge Sharing terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Post Test Only Control Group Design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes essay sebanyak 6 soal untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasi matematik. Untuk teknik analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji perbandingan satu arah dengan uji â€œtâ€. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji hipotesis diperoleh  nilai thitung sebesar 1,92 dan ttabel sebesar 1,671, karena thitung lebih besar dari ttabel  (1,92 > 1,67) maka Ha diterima. Artinya rata- rata kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa yang diajarkan dengan strategi Active Knowledge Sharing  lebih tinggi dari rata- rata kemampuan komunikasi matematik siswa yang diajarkan dengan metode konvensional.
Studi Literatur: Digitalisasi Dunia Pendidikan dengan Menggunakan Teknologi Augmented Reality pada Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Khairunnisa Shafa , Aziz Tian Abdul
Published: August 2021

Abstrak

Pandemi COVID-19 ini memberikan dampak negatif maupun positif bagi dunia pendidikan. Namun, dibalik dampak-dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan, terdapat dampak positif bagi dunia pendidikan, yaitu membangun lingkungan belajar digital di mana hal tersebut merupakan salah satu ciri dari era revolusi industri 4.0. Menanggapi era industri 4.0 dan masa pandemi ini, sudah saatnya bidang pendidikan memanfaatkan teknologi yang nantinya akan menjadikan kegiatan pembelajaran lebih efektif dan efisien, sehingga dapat menarik minat dan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Salah satu cara untuk membangun pendidikan di era industri 4.0 ini adalah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai media pembelajaran, salah satu teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah teknologi Augmented Reality (AR). Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan, yaitu berusaha untuk menjelaskan apa dan bagaimana penggunaan teknologi AR, serta dampaknya dalam meningkatkan motivasi peserta didik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan menerapkan metode penelitian studi kepustakaan atau biasa disebut dengan studi literatur (library research). Pada artikel ini diambil sumber-sumber berupa artikel yang berasal dari jurnal yang sudah terakreditasi Sinta, peneliti hanya membatasi dari Sinta 1 s.d. Sinta 4 dan jurnal yang sudah terakreditasi Scopus (Q1 s.d. Q3). Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa sistem teknologi Augmented Reality memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan minat, motivasi, dan hasil dari suatu proses pembelajaran, khususnya pada pembelajaran matematika. Sistem pembelajaran yang ada di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai suatu media pembelajaran, maka diperlukan upaya untuk membangun sistem pembelajaran dengan menggunakan teknologi, salah satu teknologi yang dapat digunakan adalah AR. Dengan menggunakan AR diharapkan motivasi belajar peserta didik akan semakin meningkat.
Oil Saturation Index in Hydrophobic Carbonate Reservoir: Evaluation Aspects
Authors: Khanbikova Regina , Bazarevskaya Venera , Sotnikov Oleg , Bachkov Albert
Published: August 2021

Hydrocarbon reserves in carbonate reservoirs account for 38% - 60% of total world reserves, according to different estimates. In Tatarstan, carbonate reservoirs are found, mostly, in the eastern slope of the Melekess Depression and the South-Tatarian Arch. The carbonate reservoirs are confined to the Middle and Lower Carboniferous sediments, the Upper Devonian (including the domanik sediments), and the Upper Permian (the Kazanian heavy oil accumulations). Considering an extensive geographic and stratigraphic range and differing tectonic and sedimentation environments, the carbonate rocks are characterized by a variety of reservoir properties.

In contrast to terrigenous rocks, the carbonate void space is complicated by secondary processes that took place much later than the sedimentogenesis-lithogenesis stage. Numerous fissures, caves, sutures, and stylolites form the void space of the reservoir rock matrix containing commercial hydrocarbon reserves. In addition to fracturing and vugginess contributing to increase of void space of carbonate rocks, the secondary processes include sulphatisation and secondary dolomitization (in limestones), adding to deterioration of reservoir properties. The secondary processes impede understanding and evaluation of reservoir properties and saturation potential, in particular, determination of the oil and gas saturation factors (Dyakonova T.F. et al, 2019, Akhmetov R.T. et al, 2017)/

In the western slope of the South-Tatarian Arch, carbonate reservoirs are confined to the Middle and Lower Carboniferous sediments. Numerous RCAL and SCAL investigations provided valuable insight into these targets. In this paper, we used data from the laboratory experiments and studies of core and oil samples from the six neighbor fields on the western slope of the South-Tatarian Arch. Because of common sedimentological and tectonic sedimentation environments and lithological similarity of rocks within the stratigraphic referencing, the six fields under analysis were considered as analogous, and the results of the laboratory studies of the samples were reviewed collectively.
Discovery of a New Virus of the Family Tymoviridae Isolated from Mosquitoes of the Genus Mansonia in Brazil
Authors: Miranda Keissy Karoline Pinheiro , Galvão Glennda Juscely Pereira , Araújo Pedro Arthur da Silva , Ribeiro Ana Claudia da Silva , Lemos Poliana da Silva , Silva Sandro Patroca da , Martins Lívia Carício , Nunes Márcio Roberto Teixeira , Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando da Costa , Ferreira Vânia da Costa , Costa Fábio Medeiros da , Tadei Wanderli Pedro , Roque Rosemary Aparecida , CRUZ ANA CECILIA RIBEIRO , Carvalho Valeria Lima
Published: August 2021

A new virus, named Mutum virus, of the Family Tymoviridae was isolated from mosquitoes (Mansonia spp.). This virus was isolated in clone C6/36 cells. After complete sequencing, it presented a genome with 6,494 nt. The isolated virus is phylogenetically more related to two viruses isolated from Culex spp. mosquitoes: Ek Balam virus, isolated from Mexico, and Culex-originated Tymoviridae-like virus, isolated from China. Owing to the similarity of the protein coding domains, genomic organization, and phylogenetic analysis, we suggest that this virus belongs to a new genus, family Tymoviridae
Research on Anomalous Behavior Detection and Dangerousness Assessment among Civil Aviation Passengers at Checkpoints
Authors: Shen Haibin , Zhang yan
Published: August 2021

Traditional civil aviation security check measures are focused on baggage rather than passengers. The goal of this study is to enhance the level and effectiveness of security measures. We propose an anomalous behavior detection technique for civil aviation passengers and a passenger risk-assessment method based on a neural network method. A large number of real cases were analyzed and summarized to extract indicators of anomalous behavior of civil aviation passengers, and an index system was developed to detect anomalous behavior of passengers at checkpoints. A neural network method was used to evaluate the passengers and classify the risk level to detect potentially dangerous personnel, monitor people, and create an emergency warning system. The synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), the conjugate gradient method, and a multilayer perceptron neural network were used to classify the risk level of passengers at checkpoints. The results demonstrated that the proposed index system and evaluation method were well suited to deal with the ambiguity and uncertainty in the recognition process. The anomalous behavior of civil aviation passengers at checkpoints and the associated threat level were accurately identified.
Temporally Dynamic Interaction between Drug Cue Reactivity and Response Inhibition: An fMRI Study among People with Methamphetamine Use Disorder
Authors: Jafakesh Sara , Sangchooli Arshiya , Aarabi Ardalan , Helfroush Mohammad Sadegh , Dakhili Amirhossein , Oghabian Mohammad Ali , Kazemi Kamran , Ekhtiari Hamed
Published: August 2021

Cue-induced drug craving and disinhibition are two essential components of continued drug use and relapse in substance use disorders. While these two phenomena develop and interact across time, the temporal dynamics of their underlying neural activity and their interaction remain under-investigated. To explore these dynamics, an analysis of time-varying activation was applied to fMRI data from 62 men with methamphetamine use disorder in their first weeks of recovery in abstinence-based treatment program. Using a mixed block-event, factorial cue-reactivity/Go-NoGo task, and a sliding window across the task duration, dynamically-activated regions were identified in linear mixed effects models (LMEs). Habituation to drug cues across time was observed in the superior temporal gyri, amygdalae, left hippocampus, and right precuneus, while response-inhibition was associated with the sensitization of temporally-dynamic activations across many regions of the inhibitory frontoparietal network. Cue-reactivity and response-inhibition dynamically interact in the parahippocampal gyri and right precuneus (corrected p-value < 0.001) regions, which show a declining cue-reactivity contrast and an increasing response-inhibition contrast. Overall, the declining craving-related activations (habituation) and increasing inhibition-associated activations (sensitization) along the task duration suggest the gradual recruitment of response-inhibition process and the concurrent habituation to drug cues in areas with significant dynamic interaction. This exploratory study demonstrates the time-variance of the neural activations undergirding cue-reactivity, response-inhibition, and their interaction, and suggests potentials to assess this dynamic interaction. This preliminary evidence provides justifications for new avenues in biomarker development and interventions using cue exposure paradigms, which could promote habituation to drug cues and sensitization in inhibitory control regions.
Regionalization of Hydroclimate Variables
Authors: Carbone Gregory J. , Gao Peng , Lu Junyu
Published: August 2021

We apply a regionalization method to hydroclimate variables using the Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) temperature and precipitation database. Resulting regions make intuitive sense from the perspective of driving influences on temperature and precipitation averages and anomalies, and are compatible with results from another empirically derived clustering scheme. Regions selected for individual variables show high similarity across different time frames. There is slightly less similarity when comparing regions created for different monthly or daily hydroclimate variables, and relatively low similarity between monthly vs. daily measures. It is unlikely that any one regionalization solution could summarize hydroclimate extremes given the wide range of variables used to describe them, but geographically sensitive datasets like PRISM and flexible algorithms provide useful methods for regionalization that can aid in drought monitoring and forecasting, and with impacts and planning associated with heavy precipitation.
GC-MS Analysis of the Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils From Five Species of Lamiaceae in Iran
Authors: ghavam mansureh
Published: August 2021

Essential oils (EOs) separated from Lamiaceae species attract more attention due to their abundant use in the preservation of natural foods and pharmaceutics and have gained considerable interester in research and industrial. The aim of this study was to evaluate composition and antimicrobial activity of EOs obtained from five species Lamiaceae in Iran. After extraction of EOs by Clevenger, their composition was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antimicrobial properties were assayed by measuring inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that the effects of species, on yield and predominant compounds amount of EOs of five species were significant with a probability of error of 1 %. The yield of oils were varied from ~ 0.02 to ~ 1.88%. About 66 components were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the dominant compounds were included thymol (67.71%), oleic acid (0.49–62.09%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (0.41–24.81%), α-pinene (1.09–19.41%), 1,8-cineole (0.22–15.40%), palmitic acid (0.32–13.28%), (+)spathulenol (11.16%), and germacrene D (0.30-10.26%) in different species. The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of the inhibition zone obtained treating the different microorganisms with the essential oil of five species (P ≤ 0.01). The highest inhibition zone belonged to TDEO (39.33 ± 0.58 and 25.00 ± 0.00 mm) against Gram-positive S. aureus and A. brasiliensis. The Gram-negative P. aeruginosa showed the lowest inhibitory resistance to HIEO, SIEO, and ROEO (with a MIC value of 31.25 µg/mL), which was very significant compared to rifampin. Therefore, EOs of five species have potential applications in the control of various bacteria and fungi and can be a natural alternative to some antibiotics.
Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Woldeyes Esubalew , Mulatu Hailu Abera , Ephrem Abiy , Benti Henok , Alem Mehari Wale , Ahmed Ahmed Ibrahim , Fisseha Henok
Published: August 2021

Background: Non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular diseases are becoming an important part of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) care. Echocardiography is a useful non-invasive tool to assess for cardiac disease and different echocardiographic abnormalities have been seen previously. Available evidence on the echocardiographic abnormalities in Ethiopia is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the echocardiographic abnormalities in HIV infected patients and factors associated with the findings.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 285 patients with HIV infection including collection of clinical and echocardiographic data. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and associated factors with variables with a p-value of < 0.05 in the multivariate model considered statistically significant.Results: Diastolic dysfunction was the most common abnormality seen in 30.1% of the participants followed by regional wall motion abnormality (22.2%), left ventricular hypertrophy (10.3%), enlarged left atrium (8.1%), pulmonary hypertension (3.5%) and pericardial effusion (2.1%). Almost all patients had normal left ventricle systolic function. Diastolic dysfunction was independently associated with increasing age, elevated blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy while regional wall motion abnormality was associated with male gender, increasing age and abnormal fasting blood glucose. Left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with increasing age and blood pressure and the later was associated with left atrial enlargement. The level of immunosuppression did not affect echocardiography findings. Conclusions: A high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities was found and included diastolic dysfunction, regional wall motion abnormality, left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement. Male gender, age above 50 years, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting blood glucose were associated with echocardiographic abnormalities. Appropriate screening and treatment of echocardiographic abnormalities is needed.
Texture Analysis Based on Pi-Rads 4/5-Scored MRI Images Combined with Machine Learning to Distinguish Benign Lesions from Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ma Lu , Zhou Qi , Yin Huming , Ang Xiaojie , Li Yu , Xie Gansheng , Li Gang
Published: August 2021

Background: To extract the texture features of ﻿Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) images in Mp-MRI and build a machine learning model based on radiomics texture analysis to determine its ability to distinguish benign from prostate cancer (PCa) lesions using PI-RADS 4/5 score.Materials and methods: First, use ImageJ software to obtain texture feature parameters based on ADC images; use R language to standardize texture feature parameters, and use Lasso regression to reduce the dimensionality of multiple feature parameters; then, use the feature parameters after dimensionality reduction to construct image-based groups. Learn R-Logistic, R-SVM, R-AdaBoost to identify the machine learning classification model of prostate benign and malignant nodules. Secondly, the clinical indicators of the patients were statistically analyzed, and the three clinical indicators with the largest AUC values were selected to establish a classification model based on clinical indicators of benign and malignant prostate nodules. Finally, compare the performance of the model based on radiomics texture features and clinical indicators to identify benign and malignant prostate nodules in PI-RADS 4/5.Results: The experimental results show that the AUC of the R-Logistic model test set is 0.838, which is higher than the R-SVM and R-AdaBoost classification models. At this time, the corresponding R-Logistic classification model formula is: Y_radiomics=9.396-7.464*median ADC-0.584 *kurtosis+0.627*skewness+0.576*MRI lesions volume; analysis of clinical indicators shows that the 3 indicators with the highest discrimination efficiency are PSA, Fib, LDL-C, and the corresponding C-Logistic classification model formula is: Y_clinical =-2.608 +0.324*PSA-3.045*Fib+4.147*LDL-C, the AUC value of the model training set is 0.860, which is smaller than the training set R-Logistic classification model AUC value of 0.936.Conclusion: The machine learning classifier model is established based on the texture features of radiomics. It has a good classification performance in identifying benign and malignant nodules of the prostate in PI-RADS 4/5. This has certain potential and clinical value for patients with prostate cancer to adopt different treatment methods and prognosis.
Health Care Transition From Pediatric to Adult Care: an Evidence Based Guideline
Authors: Pape Lars , Ernst Gundula
Published: August 2021

PurposeFor consistent quality of treatment of young people with chronic health care needs, a structured transition from pediatric medicine to adult medical care is essential. Currently, most countries have no guidelines on health care transition (HCT) based on systematic evidence research. To close this gap guidance to support the transition was developed in Germany.MethodsTwenty-five experts in the management of adolescents and young adults with different chronic conditions were invited to take part in the guideline group. Based on a systematic literature search recommendations for transition were drafted. Where evidence was lacking, recommendations were developed using collective expert consensus. The consensus process was independently moderated using a Delphi approach. The final draft was reviewed and endorsed by all major German medical societies.ResultsThe clinical recommendations provide guidance for all chronic somatic diseases. After assessment of transition readiness, an individualized plan for transition should be drawn up. Key elements here are a responsible coordinator, age-adapted patient education, involvement of parents, web-based interventions, joint visits and a structured summary for the receiving physician. The aim is the gradual transfer of responsibility for disease management to the young person themselves.ConclusionAs only a few randomized controlled studies on HCT are available, evidence-based statements are possible for some but not all areas of transition. However, this guideline may help to develop globally accepted standards. These standards should be established, implemented and financed by individual national health systems to allow appropriate support for young people.
Investigation On The Optimal Tunable Bi-Stable Clustered Energy Conversion Inspired Dynamic Vibration Absorbers: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Huang Xingbao , Zhang Xiao , Yang Bintang
Published: August 2021

This paper introduces an energy conversion inspired vibration control methodology and presents a representative prototype of tunable bi-stable energy converters. This work is concerned on improving the vibration absorption and energy conversion performance of tunable bi-stable clustered energy conversion inspired dynamic vibration absorbers (EC-DVAs). The deterministic parametric analysis of the energy transfer performance of clustered EC-DVAs is conducted. Firstly, nonlinear vibration behaviors including transient energy transfer and snap-through motions are studied, and then effects of EC-DVA number on vibration control is investigated. Furthermore, the optimal computation based on adjusting the length ratio (namely bi-stable potential barrier height) is developed to obtain the maximum energy conversion efficiency of clustered EC-DVAs and the minimum residual kinetic energy of the primary system considering different number of clustered EC-DVAs. Moreover, the optimal calculation based on optimal EC-DVA number is also developed to achieve the most excellent vibration absorption and energy conversion performance. Finally, the optimal calculation based on optimal mass ratio is conducted. Numerical simulations show that when the total mass ratio is constant the snap-through motions of each EC-DVA depend remarkably on EC-DVA number; the energy conversion efficiency and residual kinetic energy after dynamic length ratio optimization is independent on ambient input energy and EC-DVA number; The energy conversion efficiency and vibration absorption performance based on optimal EC-DVA number maintain high efficiency and stable when the ambient input energy or the potential energy of clustered EC-DVAs varies. The optimal mass ratio is large when the system’s potential barrier is too large and the ambient input energy is small. Therefore, the presented tunable bi-stable system of clustered EC-DVAs with appropriate bi-stable potential function and proposed optimization strategies is a potential alternative for vibration control of mechanical components exposed to varying impulses.
Cu1.94S Nanocrystal Superstructure for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhu Lian , Liu Jin , Wang Liguang , Dai Alvin , Jin Huile , Chao Hsiu-Yi , Jiang Long , Wu Tianpin , Qiao Zheng-Ping
Published: August 2021

Ordered nonstoichiometric Cu1.94S nano superstructure are constructed and provide notably improved catalytic H2 evolution reaction performance at 2482.00 µmol g‒1 h‒1. Careful selection of metal organic framework precursors with long range metal ion alignments impact performance, as well-ordered superstructures give rise to uniform electromagnetic fields and organized interparticle interactions that facilitate charge carrier transport. These close packed nanoparticles with negatively charged carboxylate surfaces inhibit large [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 and triethanolamine transport outwards, but allow smaller H2O particles to enter superstructure interiors. In this case, separation happens not only between electrons and holes but also between reduction and oxidation zones. Abundant dangling bonds also form from the complex nonstoichiometric Cu1.94S structure and bulk aggregation of close packed Cu1.94S, up to hundreds of nanometers, provides abundant catalytic active sites.
Numerical Optimisation of The Diffuser In a Typical Turbocharger Compressor Using The Adjoint Method.
Authors: Hazizi Kristaq , Ramezanpour Ahad , Costall Aaron
Published: August 2021

In the automotive industry, the demand for fuel economy and emission reduction has led to the downsizing of engines and turbochargers play a leading role in compensating for the performance loss. In complex flow modelling of the compressor, effective determination of the mesh resolution is not a priori due to variation of local flow and turbulence variables. In this study, the compressible flow of a centrifugal turbocharger compressor was numerically modelled. The accuracy of the models is discussed with respect to boundary layer adaptivity for the k-w SST turbulence model. The numerical models are investigated and verified against pick efficiency, extracted experimental points at 150,000 (rpm), along with other points of partial load at 80,000 (rpm) speed lines. The TD025-05T4 compressor of the 1.2 Litre engine Renault Megane passenger car was designed, constructed and provided experimental data (compressor map) by Mitsubishi Turbocharger and Engine Europe (MTEE). In addition, a numerical and mathematical study has been developed on the aerodynamic optimisation of the turbocharger compressor diffuser geometry. The optimisation of the single-target problem (efficiency) of the axial flow compressor outlet stage is carried out using a new smart evolutionary optimisation technique named adjoint solver. The Adjoint solver usually produces a surface vector field that shows how and where the geometry can be changed for optimisation based on a defined objective, efficiency in this study. Such irregular and non-parametric changes could be manufactured using recent advances in 3D printing technology.The expected result of optimisation of the diffuser geometry started with the design point, central area, 150,000 (rpm) speed line, shows a gradual development of efficiency to an uttermost of 2.5% and the process of optimisation has been enlarged and completed on all design operating areas selected previously. The development of an optimised geometry diffuser accomplishes a wider operating range, high efficiency and robust performance due to changes in engine operating conditions in the high-pressure area. Therefore, the optimal diffuser geometry leads to an impact on the engine’s efficiency and overall performance of a passenger car for real-world drive cycles, increasing power output and improving thermal efficiency.
Car-Car Analogy on Neural Network Science
Authors: Hsu Weichi , Liu Zi-Chia , Liu Yu-Xian
Published: August 2021

We present a commonly used conceptual tool which is the "car analogy" to integrate many of the neural network science concepts. The purpose of this article is to show that using this car-car analogy allows us to have a unified framework for the entire discipline. We use this understanding framework to present the phenomena of "emergence" and "self-organization" in complex systems approaches toward neural network science. Meanwhile, we point out the reasons why the nervous system cannot be fully described from the network structure alone, and provide a potential candidate for a well-understood framework. The mathematical description is also discussed as a supplementary material.
Impact of Serum Albumin Concentration and Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Score on Gastric Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Costa T. , Nogueiro J. , Ribeiro D. , Viegas P. , Santos-Sousa H.
Published: August 2021

Introduction/AimSerum albumin concentration (COA) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could reflect immunological and nutritional status. We aim to evaluate the impact of COA-NLR score on the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). Material and methodsWe perform a retrospective analysis on a database of 637 GC cases, between January 2010 and December 2017. In 396 patients the inclusion criteria for this study were met (non-resectional or palliative surgery were excluded). Analytic data was only available in 203 patients. COA-NLR score was defined as: COA under 35 g/L and NLR value of 2.585 or higher – score 2; one of these conditions – score 1; and neither – score 0. ResultsIn our population (n=203), 87 patients were classified as score 0, 82 as score 1 and 34 as score 2. COA-NLR score was significantly associated with DFS [HR 1,674; CI95% 1,115 – 2,513; p=0,013) and with OS [HR 2,072; CI95% 1,531 – 2,805; p<0,001]. Kaplan-Meier curves analysis (log-rank test) revealed that a higher score of COA-NLR predicted a worse OS (p<0,001) and DFS (p=0,03). COA-NLR was an independent prognostic factor for OS when adjusted to pStage and age [adjusted HR 1,566; CI95% 1,145 – 2,143; p=0,005]. Conclusions﻿Preoperative COA-NLR score was significantly associated with worse OS and DFS and, in this way, with worse prognosis on GC patients submitted to curative-intent resectional surgery.
Reasons Not to Discuss and Challenges of Parent-young Communication and Associated Factors on Sexual and Reproductive Health Among Parents and Students in North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021, Mixed Qualitative Study
Authors: Wondimhunegn Yohannes Wobie , Tegegne Alemnew Wale , Gidafie Aychew Kassie , Mamo Desalegn Girma , Zewdu Abinet Abebe , Mengie Zinie Abita , Zelalem Bezie Kebede
Published: August 2021

IntroductionParent - young communication on sexual and reproductive health is one potential source of sexual and reproductive health information for young people. Lack of parent - young people communication was a serious problem in developing countries that resulted in emotional distress, lower self-esteem, school problems, drug use, and sexual risk behaviors. Assessing the the reasons and challenges of parents to young people communication about a sexual and reproductive health issue is the most effective way to prevent preexisting misbehavior in young people. ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess reason not to discuss and challenges of parent-young communication, and associated factors on sexual and reproductive health among parent living with young in North Gondar zone, northwest Ethiopia 2021. MethodsA Community based cross-sectional mixed qualitative study was conducted on 1000 parents of youngs for quantitative and 2FGD and 25 in-depth interviews were included with a diversity of parents and students. Data were collected using a pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews, FGD, and in-depth interviews. A bivariate and a multivariable logistics regression model was fitted for the quantitative part and individual in-depth interview and focus group discussion will be tape-recorded after verbal consent will be granted and finally translated and transcribed by the data collectors. Thematic analysis will be used to analyze the qualitative data based on emerging themes and sub-themes in line with the study objectives. ResultAccording to this study parent to young communication was found to be11.4 %( 95% CI:9.5,13). Multivariable analysis revealed that, residence (AOR=2.1 95%CI 1.15,9.34), sex (AOR=2.4,95% CI2.11,4.33), knowledge (AOR =3.8, 95% CI2.7,6.34),attitude(AOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.44,4.32) Father’s educational status (AOR=4.3, 95%CI 1.8, 4.56), mother educational status (AOR=2.4,95% CI 1.23, 4.12) number of children (AOR=3,95% CI 2.6,4.74) and age (AOR=3.22,95%CI 2.8, 4.9) were statistically significant associated factors on parent to young people communication.Conclusion and recommendationparent to young communication was low in this study as compared to other studies done in different pockets of Ethiopia. Successively, promotion of parent to young people communication and addressing the importance of parent to young people communication to all parents along with HEW was recommended
Using AGREE II Reporting Checklist to Evaluate the Quality of Tuina Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Huang Fan , Zhang Yue , Huang Chuyu , Qiu Mingwang , Zhao Siyi , Liang Junquan , Guo Rusong , Tian Qiang , Fan Zhiyong , Wu Shan
Published: August 2021

Objective To evaluate the methodological quality of Tuina clinical practice guidelines. Methods Computer searches of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and other databases were conducted to search for published guidelines on Tuina, with a search time frame from database creation to March 2021. Four evaluators independently used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument to evaluate the quality of the included guidelines.Results Eight guidelines related to Tuina were included in this study. The quality of reporting was low in all included guidelines. The highest quality report had a total score of 404 and was rated as "highly recommended". The worst guideline had a final score of 241 and was rated as "not recommended". Overall, 25% of the included guidelines were recommended for clinical use, 37.5% were recommended after revision, and 37.5% were not recommended for use.Conclusion The number of existing Tuina clinical practice guidelines is limited. The methodological quality is low, far from the internationally accepted norms of clinical practice guideline development and reporting. In the future development of Tuina guidelines, emphasis should be placed on the reporting specifications of guidelines and the methodology of guideline development, including the rigor of the guideline development process, the clarity, application, and independence of reporting, to improve the quality and applicability of clinical practice guidelines, to guide and standardize the clinical practice of Tuina.
7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-fangchinoline-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle With Improved Anti-lung Cancer Activity in Vivo and in Vitro
Authors: Lv Xu-tao , Zhang Yu-kai , Wang Mu-xuan , Chen Jia-shu , Guo Xu , Wang Qing , Chen Ying-ying , Sun Jin-yue , Li Ning-yang , Liu Yu-fa , Liu CHAO
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPresently, the number of patients with lung cancer ranks second among all different cancers in the world. As a natural derivative, 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan has good anti-lung cancer activity but poor aqueous solubility. Thus, 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles [7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN] were prepared, and their anti-lung cancer activity in vivo and in vitro was evaluated.Results7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN was prepared using low-temperature curing methods. TEM images indicated that 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN was quasi-circular. The average size of the prepared nanoparticles was 45.3 ± 4.8 nm, the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.16, the zeta potential was -21.6 ± 2.4 mV, and the particles had high stability for at least 35 days at room temperature. IR, XRD, and DSC results showed that 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan was successfully encapsulated in lipid materials with a high entrapment efficiency of 87.98% and a drug loading of 5.18%. The IC50 value of 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN against A549 cells was more than 2.37 times lower than that of unloaded 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan after treatment for 48 h. Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptosis rate of A549 cells was 39.61% after treatment with 2 µg/mL 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN. A nude mouse model was also used to evaluate the anticancer activities of 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN, and the results indicated that the loaded particles had an obvious anti-lung cancer effect with an inhibitory rate of 71.12% at 5 mg/kg. Moreover, western blot results showed that 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN could induce tumor cell apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in nude mice.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the prepared solid lipid 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan nanoparticles show obvious anti-lung cancer activities and have promising prospects as potential carriers for lung cancer treatment.
miR-6780-5p-Enriched Exosomes Derived From Butylidenephthalide-Pre-Conditioned Human Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Via Autophagy Improve Motor Coordination and Balance in a SCA3/MJD Mouse Model
Authors: Chen Yu-shuan , Harn Horng-Jyh , Hong Zhen-Xiang , Huang Yi-Chen , Lin Yi-Tung , Zheng Hui-Xuan , Chen Pei-Yu , Yang Hsueh-Hui , Chen Peir-Rong , Tsai Hsieh-Chih , Lin Shinn-Zong , Ho Tsung-Jung , Chiou Tzyy-Wen
Published: August 2021

Background The development of acellular products is a new trend for regeneration medicine. To provide an acellular product exhibiting characteristics of cells and usefulness as a therapeutic agent, exosomes were employed in the current studies. Method and Result The therapeutic agent hsa-miRNA-6780-5p was enriched up to 98 folds in exosomes derived from butylidenephthalide (bdph)-pre-conditioned human olfactory ensheathing cells (hOECs) compared to naïve hOECs exosomes. The particle size of exosomes derived hOECs and exosomes derived hOECs pre-conditioned bdph were around 124.17 nm and 117.47 nm, respectively. The role of hsa-miRNA-6780-5p was first demonstrated in our studies using a liposome system, showing that it enhances autophagy and inhibits spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) disease proteins of polyglutamine (polyQ) tract expression. At the same time, the exosomes with enriched hsa-miRNA-6780-5p were further applied to HEK-293-84Q, thus resulting in decreased expressions of polyQ and increased autophagy in the cells. In contrast, the results were reversed when the autophagy inhibitor, 3MA, was added to the cells treated with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p enriched exosomes, indicating that the decreased polyQ expression was modulated via autophagy. The SCA3 mice showed improved motor coordination behavior when they received intracranially injected exosomes enriched with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p. The SCA3 mouse cerebellum tissue having received hsa-miRNA6780-5p enriched exosomes also showed a decreased expression of polyQ and increased expression of autophagy marker. Conclusions Together, our findings provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for SCA3 disease treatment, using miRNA enriched exosomes derived from chemically pre-conditioned cells.