bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poeta, jego biografka i kontekst rodzinny biografii
Authors: Bernacka Magdalena
Published: August 2019

The Poet, his Biographer and the Family Context of BiographyThe Barącz family is an Armenian family which originates from Mohylów Podolski (now: Mohyliv-Podilskyi) and which was associated with Lwów since the beginning of the 19th to the middle of the 20th century. Stanisław Barącz, a poet, along with his brothers: Tadeusz, a sculptor, and Roman, a surgeon, were one of the most talented representatives of this family. Blind since childhood, Barącz notonly managed to establish his family but also a literary and artistic salon which was an important hot spot on the cultural map of 20th-century Lwów. Most distinguished artists of the Young Poland period frequented this salon, including those who became famous in the world, such as Karol Szymanowski and Artur Rubinstein. The author also shed light on the history of the sons of the poet (Andrzej, Piotr and Franciszek) as well as Maria Łukasiewicz, a student of the Faculty of Polish Philology at the Jagiellonian University, whose background was also Armenian. In the years 1951-1952 she made a very successful attempt to remind the blind poet who was already forgotten at that time.
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth as an Ideological Foundation of the Unity of Intermarium?
Authors: Nikžentaitis Alvydas
Published: August 2019

The article surveys the question how the past of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Commonwealth of Both Nations is used in region’s cross‑border issues, and the question could it be the ideological basis for the idea of the Intermarium is raised. The analysis of the countries of the region revealed that these themes in Lithuania, Poland and Belarus are basicaly used for the creation of the identity of the societies, however in any country these topics of the past are not dominating, moreover in Ukraine the theme of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Commonwealth of Both Nations is in marginal position. The central position in the memory culture of these societies take the events of the 20th century. Obviously such secondory position of the understanding of the events of the past showed the commemoration of the anniversary of the Union of Lublin in Poland in 2009. The analysis of the historical research demonstrates different view. Evaluations of the historians in four countries do not differ so cardinally as it was before 1990. Such situation is as a signal that probably it is a time to think about the preparation of the general textbook for schoolchildren of four countries, or synthesis of the history.
Historical and Current Geopolitical Positioning of Ukraine: Is It Central or Eastern Europe?
Authors: Romaniuk Anatolii , Lytvyn Vitalii
Published: August 2019

The academic paper is focused on developing historical and current geopolitical positioning of Ukraine in Europe. The scholars have attempted to solve the problem of affiliation of Ukraine to a specific sub‑region of Europe – Central and/or Eastern. It has been reasoned and argued that on the map of the European sub‑regions, Ukraine occupies an extremely specific and mixed position, as its affiliation to any certain sub‑region has always been historically and geopolitically determined, however it largely correlates with some attributes inherent both to Central and Eastern Europe. In conclusion it has been specified that Ukraine, being a boundary country, is characterized by a paradoxical geopolitical position and inconstant nature of its geopolitical projection within the frames of the sub‑regions in Central and Eastern Europe.
Does the Name Matter? Central Europe and Central‑Eastern Europe in Different Variations and Configurations
Authors: Zenderowski Radosław , Janák Dušan
Published: August 2019

This article points at differences and similarities in ways of defining Central Europe and Central‑Eastern Europe found in Polish and Czech academic discourse. The aim of the article is, firstly, to identify these differences and similarities, and secondly, to indicate the probable reasons for their existence. In order to accomplish both goals, the authors analyze selected narratives of Czech and Polish historiography and the terms present in both kinds of discourse under analysis. The analysis is based on a selection of texts considered relevant and influential. The time span covered in the article is the period from the First World War to the present times, with particular emphasis on the period from the 1970s onwards. In spatial terms, the article focuses on influential Polish and Czech authors working either in their home countries or abroad, as émigrés. The object of study is discourse understood as a communication activity in which meanings are continuously constructed. The article takes into consideration the following issues: (1) the popularity of the notions of “Central Europe” and “Central‑Eastern Europe” in both discourses; (2) the evaluation of these concepts – namely the attribution of some positive and negative features to them; (3) the presentation of the topoi of Central Europe and Central‑Eastern Europe in Polish and Czech discourses (the views concerning their spatial extent and borders); (4) political operationalization of these concepts in the form of integration (geopolitical) projects.
How social media and technology are challenging journalists’ perceptions of their role
Authors: Jukes Stephen
Published: August 2019

Professional ideology and newsroom culture have become deeply embedded and codified in Anglo-American journalism since the late nineteenth century. Despite constant questioning by professionals and scholars, they have remained stable, resisting the repeated challenge of technological, societal and cultural changes. The antagonism between professional journalists and the boundaries they are erecting to distinguish themselves from ‘citizen journalists’, or those they regard as ‘amateurs’, is arguably reinforcing existing ideology. But are there other disruptive factors ushered in by the social media revolution that may finally lead to a breakdown of these norms? Using a qualitative research methodology involving semi-structured interviews with journalists from leading established news outlets, this article examines two changes to practice now becoming commonplace in the newsroom. Firstly, it explores the growing requirement for journalists to use Twitter and other social media tools to promote their own news output or their news organization; and secondly it examines the introduction of social media ‘hubs’ in which journalists trawl the Internet for user-generated content to complement their own. To what extent are these two developments changing journalists’ perception of their role and the culture of the newsroom? And is the broadly consensual view of their professional ideology becoming more diffuse?
Towards a new understanding of information effects on discourses and practices: The role of online newspapers in sustainable household changes
Authors: Ferrucci Martina , Petersen Lars Kjerulf
Published: August 2019

Climate change mitigation is one of the most important societal challenges, but it is often inaccessible to direct human experience. Hence, climate change and related issues are largely constituted in the public mind from media narrations, which have the potential to push people towards new sustainable practices. This article identifies how media, in this case online newspapers, can affect pro-environmental practice changes. Firstly, we will outline a conceptual framework connecting mediatisation theories to practice theories. Secondly, we will present empirical findings for establishing connections between online news effects and sustainable practice changes and their respective recurring patterns and models.
Rainbow Flags Over Margaret Court Arena: Commemoration vs. grassroots LGBTQ social activism at the Australian Open tennis championships
Authors: Tredway Kristi
Published: August 2019

At the 2012 Australian Open tennis tournament, fans created a social movement in response to Margaret Court’s stance against marriage equality that she publicly stated in December 2011. ‘Rainbow Flags Over Margaret Court Arena’ was a loosely formed collective of people who used a Facebook page to organize. Court, now a fundamentalist minister with her own church, has, like so many fundamentalist Christians, likened homosexuality with sin. The actions of the ‘Rainbow Flags Over Margaret Court Arena’ group primarily involved being spectators at the Australian Open, in Margaret Court Arena, while waving or being adorned in rainbow flags. The enthusiasm and actions from this group compelled Laura Robson and Martina Navratilova to wear a rainbow headband and rainbow-adorned polo shirt, respectively, during their matches, and compelled Court and Navratilova to post full-page responses in the Melbourne newspaper. The friction between Court, Navratilova and Billie Jean King has its origins in the 1960s. The historical underpinnings of this social movement include the squabbles between Billie Jean King, and later Martina Navratilova, lesbian icons of women’s tennis, and Margaret Court, a top player who was a contemporary of King.
The political message of non-politician presidential candidates: A framework for analysis
Authors: Mjelde Hilmar
Published: August 2019

Donald J. Trump’s unlikely ascension to the US presidency has highlighted the scholarly need to study the political messaging of non-politician presidential candidates, as his successful run seems likely to inspire additional non-politicians to launch presidential bids in the future, both in the United States and in other polities, with unforeseeable consequences for political messaging – particularly the limits of what is permissible political speech, the electoral process and voter representation. This article makes a contribution to filling this gap that exists in the literature by developing a framework for analysing the political message of non-politician presidential candidates. While the article focuses on non-politician presidential candidates in the United States, the theory it develops is general and should be applicable or adaptable to other presidential, and possibly non-presidential, regimes as well.
To be togetheralone
Authors: Buh Maša Radi
Published: August 2019

The review of the Physical Manifestations edition entitled Every Now Is Time, Space, Variation #2 focuses on experiencing this event that was not to be experienced by observing from a fixed sitting position, but by actively co-creating, experiencing, living and exploring. The spatial distribution was composed of various microspaces created by sound coming from speakers that hung from the ceiling, which enabled the experience to be individual. At the same time and paradoxically, the experience was also very collective due to the attention developed from exploring and testing the space, sounds and movement, from adapting and observing others in space.
Regenerating the future without reproducing it: Donna Haraway’s nature-cultural, multi-species kinship
Authors: Čičigoj Katja
Published: August 2019

Departing from questioning the generational character of recent environmental movements, this contribution explores Donna Haraway’s conception of a non-filial, unoedipal, non-blood-related form of kinship. It thus paves the way for questioning – from a feminist and environmental viewpoint – the notion of ‘generation’ understood as the continuation of something akin and ‘proper’ to someone. This contribution is a reworking of the lecture that followed the screening of Fabrizio Terranova’s film Donna Haraway: Story Telling for Earthly Survival (2016) in February 2019, part of the sound exhibition ICEmeltings of the CONA institute. The central concepts of Donna Haraway’s (particularly most recent) thinking are thus addressed in dialogue with the formally experimental strategies of the film.
Penguin Café Orchestra, Malcolm and Mary: The soundtrack of Melbourne’s outcast children
Authors: Sandars Diana
Published: August 2019

The 1970s and 1980s inner suburbs of Melbourne, Australia, in Malcolm (Tass, 1986) and Mary and Max (Elliot, 2010) are places of banality and imprisonment that beg for imaginative escape. This article argues that the distinctive Penguin Café Orchestra (PCO) music on the soundtracks of both films defines, facilitates and celebrates this escape as a product of a child’s imaginary. The shared use of PCO in both films creates a lingua franca between the titular characters of each film and a Melbourne that is redefined in these imaginary spaces by characters it ultimately cannot contain. In contrast to the liberatory and irrational pleasures of child’s play in Malcolm, in Mary and Max PCO connotes a wonderment borne from an entrapment in disappointment and loneliness. The need to contain the imaginary of Melbourne’s outcast daughter, unlike its son, is rendered explicit through the use of Barry Humphries’ voice-over narration.
Mother tongue: Uncanny sound, migrant voice and the home movie
Authors: Dwyer Tessa
Published: August 2019

This article takes a personal journey through a home movie made by my immigrant grandfather. Constituting one of my grandfather’s most complex narratives, the film Confidentially Yours provides a fascinating glimpse into 1950s Melbourne. It also holds deep significance for research into language and accent on-screen. Featuring my mother as narrator, the film is at once deeply familiar, homely and utterly strange – with my mother’s voice almost unrecognizable due to her affected accent that harks back to a time when Britain’s cultural influence in Australia was far more marked than today, with British Received Pronunciation (RP) speech dominating screen and broadcast media. Through the strange sound of my mother’s voice-over in Confidentially Yours, this article reflects upon the significance of screen voice and accent more broadly in order to consider how tongue and tone address the viewer, perform the self and negotiate nation.
Galleria mellonella insektua eta Caenorhabditis elegans nematodoa, infekzio eredu boteretsuak Candida glabrata eta erlazionatutako espezieen birulentzia ikertzeko
Authors: Hernando-Ortiz Ainara , Mateo Estibaliz , Ortega-Riveros Marcelo , De-la-Pinta Iker , Quindós Guillermo , Eraso Elena
Published: August 2019

Kandidiasia Candida generoko espezieek eragindako infekzio mikotikoa da. Candida albicans agente etiologiko nagusia da baina gero eta gehiagotan Candida generoko beste espezie batzuk agertzen ari dira kandidiasiaren eragile bezala eta, hauen artean, Candida glabrata espeziea. Espezie honekin lotuta beste bi espezie daude, Candida bracarensis eta Candida nivariensis, teknika molekularrek ondo desberdindu ditzaketenak. Aldaketa etiologiko hauek ondorio larriak izan ditzakete kandidiasiaren diagnostikoan, tratamenduan edota pronostikoan, besteak beste, bere patogenia edo antifungikoekiko sentikortasuna oso desberdina izan daitezkeelako. Ordezko eredu esperimentalek erabiliz mikroorganismoek eragindako gaixotasunen patogenia eta terapia ezagutzeko ezinbesteko aukera ematen dizkigute, eta hauen artean, Caenorhabditis elegans nematodoa eta Galleria mellonella lepidopteroa ditugu. Ikerketa lan honetan konbentzionalak ez diren bi animalia eredu hauen erabilgarritasuna ebaluatu nahi izan da Candida glabrata, Candida bracarensis eta Candida nivariensis harreman filogenetiko estua duten hiru espezie hauen birulentzia in vivo aztertzeko.
Gene-terapia: Ikuspegi terapeutiko berria begietako gaitzen tratamenduan
Authors: Rodríguez-Castejón Julen , Gómez-Aguado Itziar , Vicente-Pascual Mónica , Rodríguez-Gascón Alicia , Isla Arantxazu , Solinís María Ángeles , Del Pozo-Rodríguez Ana
Published: August 2019

Gene-terapia etorkizun handiko tresna bezala sortu da tratamendurik ez duten asaldurentzat. Azido nukleiko terapeutikoen administrazioan oinarritzen da gaixotasunak tratatzeko. Gene-terapia arrakastatsua izan dadin material genetikoaren askapen eraginkorra bermatu behar da itu-zeluletan. Geneen administrazio-sistemen artean, bektore biralak asko erabili dira ahalbidetzen duten transferentzia genikorako gaitasun onarengatik. Hala ere, horien arrisku nagusien ondorioz (immunogenizitatea eta mutagenesia), bektore ez-biralen diseinua sustatu da. Bektore ez-biralak seguruagoak dira eta ekoizpena errazagoa da, baina hauen muga nagusia transfekzio-eraginkortasun baxua da. Gene-terapiarako organo interesgarri bat begia da, eskuragarria eta aztertzeko erraza baita. Gainera, immunitate-sistematik babestuta dago. Gene-terapia entsegu kliniko guztien % 1,3 bakarrik tratatzen dituzte begietako gaitzak, baina etorkizun handia aurkeztu dute azken urteetan. Izan ere, 2018an Estatu Batuetan eta Europan gene-terapian oinarritutako begirako lehen medikamentuaren komertzializazioa onartu zen, Luxturna®, Sortzetiko Leberren Amaurosiaren tratamendurako. Berrikuspen honetan, begiko administrazio-bideak, gene-terapia estrategiak eta transferentzia geniko eraginkorrerako gainditu behar diren begiko mugak aurkezten dira. Halaber, gene-terapiaren bidez tratatzeko hautagai diren begietako gaitz ezberdinak ere biltzen dira. Gene-terapiaren inguruan egindako ahaleginei eta aurrerapenei esker, begietako gaitzak tratatzeko medikamentu berriak garatu dira. Horietako asko entsegu klinikoetan ebaluatzen ari dira oraindik, baina beste batzuk jada merkatura eta pazienteetara iritsi dira.
Global evolution and paleogeographic distribution of mid-Cretaceous orbitolinids
Authors: BouDagher-Fadel Marcelle , Price Geoffrey David
Published: August 2019

Members of the Larger Benthic Foraminiferal (LBF) family Orbitolinidae occurred from the Cretaceous to the Paleogene, however, they were most diverse during the mid-Cretaceous, and dominated the agglutinated LBF assemblages described from limestones of that period. Various orbitolinid species have been used to zone and date lithologies formed in the shallow, warm waters of the Aptian to the early Cenomanian, and many, sometimes inaccurate, generic and sub-generic nomenclatures have been proposed to differentiate the often-subtle morphological changes that orbitolinids exhibit over time. Also, until now, it has not been possible to develop an effective global overview of their evolution and environmental development because descriptions of specimens from Asia have been relatively rare. Following our recent study of over 1800 orbitolinid-rich thin sections of material from 13 outcrops of Langshan limestone, from the Southern Tibetan Plateau, and from the Barito Basin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, it has been possible to compare the stratigraphic ranges of these orbitolinids with previously described Tethyan and American forms, based on the use of a planktonic zonal (PZ) scheme, itself tied to the most recent chronostratigraphic scale. This has allowed the reconstruction of the phylogenetic and paleogeographic evolution of the orbitolinids from their Valanginian origin in the Tethys. Although the Tethys remained the paleogeographic centre for the orbitolinids, it is inferred here for the first time that a bi-directional paleogeographic migration of some orbitolinid genera occurred from the Tethys to the Americas and also to the Western Pacific region. Our observations and dating suggest that global marine regressions in the Aptian were coincident with, and may well have facilitated, these orbitolinid transoceanic migrations. Migration stopped however after rising sea level in the early Albian appears to have again isolated these provinces from each other. Tectonic forces associated with the subduction of the Farallon Plate and further sea level raises led to the opening of the Western Interior Seaway in North America, which correlates with, and may have been the cause of, the middle Albian (top of PZ Albian 2) extinction of the American orbitolinids. The extinction of the orbitolinids revealed that the Western Pacific province was split into two sub-provinces, with extinction occurring at the end of the early Albian (top of PZ Albian 1) in the Northwest Pacific sub-province, and at the end of the Albian (top of PZ Albian 4) in the subprovince that is today South East Asia (on the margins and west of the Wallace Line). The final near extinction of the orbitolinids occurred at the end of the Cenomanian in the Tethyan province, which coincides with, and may have been caused by, global anoxic oceanic events that correlate with a near-peak Mesozoic eustatic sea level high-stand that led to the overall global collapse of the paleotropical reef ecosystem at that time.
Research priorities for maintaining biodiversity’s contributions to people in Latin America
Authors: Pearson Richard G. , Martínez-Meyer Enrique , Velázquez Mercedes Andrade , Caron Mercedes , Corona-Núñez Rogelio O. , Davis Katrina , Durán América Paz , García-Morales Rodrigo , Hackett Talya D. , Ingram Daniel J. , Díaz Rafael Loyola , Lescano Julián , Lira-Noriega Andrés , López-Maldonado Yolanda , Manuschevich Daniela , Mendoza Alma , Milligan Ben , Mills Simon C. , Moreira-Arce Darío , Nava Luzma F. , Oostra Vicencio , Owen Nathan , Prieto-Torres David , Soto Clarita Rodríguez , Smith Thomas , Suggitt Andrew J. , Haristoy Camila Tejo , Velásquez-Tibatá Jorge , Díaz Sandra , Marquet Pablo A.
Published: August 2019

Maintaining biodiversity is crucial for ensuring human well-being. The authors participated in a workshop held in Palenque, Mexico, in August 2018, that brought together 30 mostly early-career scientists working in different disciplines (natural, social and economic sciences) with the aim of identifying research priorities for studying the contributions of biodiversity to people and how these contributions might be impacted by environmental change. Five main groups of questions emerged: (1) Enhancing the quantity, quality, and availability of biodiversity data; (2) Integrating different knowledge systems; (3) Improved methods for integrating diverse data; (4) Fundamental questions in ecology and evolution; and (5) Multi-level governance across boundaries. We discuss the need for increased capacity building and investment in research programmes to address these challenges.
La irrupción de la política en la escuela secundaria: nuevas figuras de ciudadanía
Authors: Núñez Pedro
Published: August 2019

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de la construcción de ciudadanía en la escuela secundaria argentina. Se aborda la discusión sobre movimientos sociales y se presentan las características del sistema educativo. Luego, se indaga en las demandas y los repertorios de acción del movimiento estudiantil secundario.  Finalmente, presentamos tres figuras de ciudadanía emergentes. Se concluye que existe un desplazamientoen las acciones políticas juveniles hacia la preeminencia de la toma de escuelas y una heterogeneidad de formas de participación con énfasis en los estilos juveniles.
Elegancia y federalismo. Escenas conspirativas y formas de legitimar la politica durante el gobierno de Justo José de Urquiza
Authors: Herrero Fabian José
Published: August 2019

Durante el año 1846 se presenta una iniciativa de tono conspirativo, que, impulsada por el gobierno de Corrientes tiene a Justo José de Urquiza como la cabeza visible de un movimiento contra Rosas. Beatriz Boch ha analizado este episodio con mucha eficiencia, calificándolo de “intento de rebelión”. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar por un lado la escena conspirativa para comprender los argumentos y las estrategias de los principales actores involucrados y, en segundo lugar, examinar cómo trata el tema El Federal Entrerriano, un periódico todavía no estudiado. Interesa hacer ver, de modo particular, las formas y las estrategias que emplea para legitimar las acciones de gobierno de Urquiza.
Explorando «la grieta». Representaciones de la conflictividad social en miembros de la pequeña burguesía urbana
Authors: Artese Matías , Castro Rubel Jorge , Tapia Hernán
Published: August 2019

En este artículo se exploran las nociones existentes sobre conflictividad y divisiones sociales en la Argentina actual, sus causas y consecuencias. Mediante la realización de entrevistas, dichas nociones se trabajaron con 13 pequeños empresarios de la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires. El objetivo es conocer los elementos que dan forma al concepto de «grieta», el cual forma parte de la agenda pública actual, impulsada a través de los medios de comunicación hegemónicos. Intentamos elucidar así un conocimiento que en principio se nos presenta fragmentario y contradictorio.
Natural Polyamines and Their Biological Consequence in Mammals
Authors: Patočka Jiří , Kuehn Glenn D.
Published: August 2019

The polyamines (putrescine, cadaverine, agmatine, spermidine and spermine), wide-spread in all organisms, have been shown to play a role in regulation of growth and differentiation of virtually all types of cells. Their role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes have been studied very intensively during the last two decades. Inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis have potential clinical uses as antitumor and antiparasitic agents. The brief summary with regard to their biological consequences in mammals is discussed in this paper.
Costs and Outcomes of Use of Amitriptyline, Citalopram and Fluoxetine in Major Depression: Exploratory Study
Authors: Hosák Ladislav , Tůma Ivan , Hanuš Herbert , Straka Libor
Published: August 2019

Background: The increasing cost of pharmaceuticals in the Czech Republic has led to the restriction on prescriptions of expensive new antidepressants. The aim of the study was to compare the costs and outcomes of using amitriptyline, citalopram and fluoxetine in the treatment of major depression. Methods: Ninety patients (69 women) with a mean age of 44.5 years (S.D.=14.3) suffering from major depression were treated with amitriptyline (N=31), citalopram (N=29) and fluoxetine (N=30). Direct medical costs and effectiveness (indicated by the number of hospitalization-free days) were assessed in a prospective, open, intent-to-treat study. Results: Neither cost nor effectiveness were significantly different among the treatment groups. Conclusion: Amitriptyline treatment is not less expensive nor more effective than citalopram or fluoxetine therapies. There is no advantage in restricting patients from treatment with SSRIs, which have fewer adverse effects and a decreased risk of a lethal overdosage in comparison with tricyclic antidepressants.
A study case for the analysis of asymptotic expansions beyond the tQSSA for inhibitory mechanisms in enzyme kinetics.
Authors: Bersani A. M. , Borri A. , Milanesi A. , Tomassetti G. , Vellucci P.
Published: August 2019

In this paper we study the model of the chemical reaction of fully competitive inhibition and determine the appropriate parameter∊(related to the chemical constants of the model), for the application of singular perturbation techniques. We determine the inner and the outer solutions up to the first perturbation order and the uniform expansions. Some numerical results are discussed.
The Hydrodynamics Studies on Loop Seal in CFBC Boiler Using CFD Analysis
Authors: Vivekanandan M. , Anantharaman N. , Premalatha M.
Published: August 2019

In a circulating fluidized bed (CFB), the loop seal is an important component which recirculates the solids captured by the cyclone to the bottom of the riser and avoids the direct flow of gas from high-pressure riser to the low-pressure cyclone. Most of the CFBC systems employ a Non-Mechanical valve, and its function has been investigated by many researchers. In this work, the flow of solid particle within the loop seal has been studied elaborately, and various design and operating parameters of the loop seal were analyzed in detail using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The CFD study has handled a loop-seal of dimension 110 mm × 430 mm × 400 mm high. This analysis has been done with a 200 µm sand particle and it is checked for its flow ability through various sizes and by altering the L/H ratio for three solid mass fluxes and for three L/H ratios of loop seal. The rate of solid mass flux depends on the length of the horizontal passage connecting the recycle cycle compartment of the loop seal with the supply chamber and hence the solid flow rate and the pressure difference per unit length are directly proportional to the length of the chamber or passage. Hence, L/H ratio is taken as a driving variable for the optimum performance of loop seal. The CFD analysis results reveal that the aeration of the solid to be used within the loop-seal should be higher than the Minimum Fluidization velocity. Also, keeping the length of the horizontal passage constant and varying the height of the passage will reduce the pressure drop. The pressure drop across the horizontal passage decreases up to a certain L/H ratio after which it increases. By comparing the three L/H ratios, L/H ratio of 2.62 is having a lesser pressure drop for the three mass fluxes. L/H ratio of 2.62 is having a good fluidization phenomenon and also the flow from the recycle chamber is more in comparison to the other L/H ratios. Experimental data from the literature is in good agreement with the CFD results.
Centrally essential rings which are not necessarily unital or associative
Authors: Markov Viktor T. , Tuganbaev Askar A.
Published: August 2019

Centrally essential rings were defined earlier for associative unital rings; in this paper, we define them for rings which are not necessarily associative or unital. In this case, it is proved that centrally essential semiprime rings are commutative. It is proved that all idempotents of a centrally essential alternative ring are central. Several examples of non-commutative centrally essential rings are provided, some properties of centrally essential rings are described.
Limit distributions of the Pearson statistics for nonhomogeneous polynomial scheme
Authors: Savelov Maxim P.
Published: August 2019

For a nonhomogeneous polynomial scheme, conditions are found under which the Pearson statistic distributions converge to the distribution of nonnegative quadratic form of independent random variables with the standard normal distribution.
Eine Institution der Globalisierungskritik?
Authors: Fiedlschuster Micha , Schröder Christian
Published: August 2019

Das Weltsozialforum (WSF) ist das Gipfeltreffen globalisierungskritischer Bewegungen, die gegen die Auswirkungen des globalen Neoliberalismus und anderer Ausbeutungsverhältnisse protestieren. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Relationen des WSF zu (anderen) transnationalen Institutionen und fragt, ob das WSF selbst als eine transnationale Institution der Globalisierungskritik betrachtet werden kann. Basierend auf den empirischen Einsichten zweier abgeschlossener Dissertationen zum WSF, kommen wir zu dem Schluss, dass die seit Beginn andauernde Auseinandersetzung um die eigenen praktizierten Normen und Werte auf den Veranstaltungen als auch im Organisationsprozess selbst als eine Form institutionalisierten Lernprozesses verstanden werden kann, der das WSF als Institution der Globalisierungskritik charakterisiert.
Ein tunesisches Erfolgsmodell? Einflussnahme von Bewegungen auf den tunesischen Staat
Authors: Refle Jan-Erik
Published: August 2019

Dieser Artikel behandelt die Interaktionsmöglichkeiten von Bewegungen mit dem tunesischen Staat. Interviews helfen verschiedene Wege der Einflussnahme durch soziale Bewegungen wie über ehemalige Mitglieder in Ministerien oder institutionalisierte Konsultationen zwischen Zivilgesellschaft und Staat zu identifizieren. Das Beispiel Tunesien zeigt, dass es auf den Zeitpunkt im Gesetzgebungsprozess ankommt. Verschiedene Einflusswege werden hintereinander oder gleichzeitig genutzt, um staatliche Entscheidungen zu beeinflussen. Es wird zwischen Vorschlägen seitens der Zivilgesellschaft, sowie Protest und Widerspruch unterschieden.
Digital Metering of Electrical Power Components Using Adaptive Non-Uniform Discrete Short Time Fourier Transform
Authors: Goswami Soumyajit , Sarkar Arghya , Sengupta Samarjit
Published: August 2019

This paper presents an adaptive Goertzel filter bank based discrete short time Fourier transform (DSTFT) implementation algorithm, called adaptive non-uniform discrete short time Fourier transform (ANDSTFT) for online measurement of electrical power components using IEEE Standard 1459–2010. The proposed ANDSTFT algorithm utilizes effective combination of non-uniform discrete Fourier transform (NDFT) and window method to detect the spectrum of each individual finite short time segment of power signals at distinct, arbitrarily located frequencies. Compared with the well-established technique such as windowed FFT interpreted DSTFT based approaches, the proposed method offers (i) better accuracy (ii) higher degree of immunity and insensitivity to noise, and (iii) reduced computational complexity per sample interval. The simulation results have been given and its response time and accuracy have been compared with the conventional windowed FFT interpreted DSTFT based techniques. Real-time implementation of the proposed approach has also been presented.
Crystal structure of bis(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)-tetrakis(μ2-3-(phenylsulfonamido)propanoato-κ2
O:O′)-bis(3-(phenylsulfonamido)propanoato-κ2
O,O′)digadolinium(III) – 2,2′-bipyridine (1/1), C84H84Gd2N12O24S6
Authors: Deng Tao-Li , Liu Zheng-Jun , Chen Xiao-Miao , Liu Xue-Mei
Published: August 2019

C84H84Gd2N12O24S6, triclinic, P1̄, a = 9.733(2) Å, b = 11.3610(8) Å, c = 21.4970(3) Å, α = 89.635(3)°, β = 82.334(3)°, γ = 69.794(3)°, V = 2208.8(5) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0467, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0925, T = 293(2) K.
Application of metabolomics to characterize environmental pollutant toxicity and disease risks
Authors: Deng Pan , Li Xusheng , Petriello Michael C. , Wang Chunyan , Morris Andrew J. , Hennig Bernhard
Published: August 2019

The increased incidence of non-communicable human diseases may be attributed, at least partially, to exposures to toxic chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), air pollutants and heavy metals. Given the high mortality and morbidity of pollutant exposure associated diseases, a better understanding of the related mechanisms of toxicity and impacts on the endogenous host metabolism are needed. The metabolome represents the collection of the intermediates and end products of cellular processes, and is the most proximal reporter of the body’s response to environmental exposures and pathological processes. Metabolomics is a powerful tool for studying how organisms interact with their environment and how these interactions shape diseases related to pollutant exposure. This mini review discusses potential biological mechanisms that link pollutant exposure to metabolic disturbances and chronic human diseases, with a focus on recent studies that demonstrate the application of metabolomics as a tool to elucidate biochemical modes of actions of various environmental pollutants. In addition, classes of metabolites that have been shown to be modulated by multiple environmental pollutants will be discussed with an emphasis on their use as potential early biomarkers of disease risks. Taken together, metabolomics is a useful and versatile tool for characterizing the disease risks and mechanisms associated with various environmental pollutants.
Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Vortex Generator Locations on Film Cooling Performance
Authors: Zheng Daren , Wang Xinjun , Yuan Qi
Published: August 2019

Described in this paper is a numerical investigation on the concept for enhancing film cooling performance by placing vortex generator (VG) upstream the film hole. Six film cooling configurations with different VG locations are investigated, including the distances for VG upstream the film hole (Upstream Distances) of 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm and the VG gaps of 0, 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm respectively. The effect of VG locations on film cooling performance were conducted. The film cooling performance is evaluated at the density of 0.97 with the blowing ratio of 1.0. Results obtained show that the twisted flow generated by upstream VG rotates in the opposite direction of kidney vortex, producing an adverse effect on kidney vortex. The enhanced adverse effect could dramatically improve the film cooling performance. Moreover, the intensity of twisted flow is greatly related to the VG locations. The film cooling performance improves with the increasing upstream distances. The film cooling performance improves first and then impairs with increasing VG gaps. In this case, the film cooling performance in the case with gap of 4 mm is superior to those in other cases.
Interleukin-6 requires JAK to stimulate inner cell mass expansion in bovine embryos
Authors: Wooldridge Lydia K , Johnson Sally E , Cockrum Rebecca R , Ealy Alan D
Published: August 2019

Supplementing interleukin-6 (IL6) to in vitro-produced bovine embryos increases inner cell mass (ICM) cell numbers in blastocysts. A series of studies were completed to further dissect this effect. Treatment with IL6 increased ICM cell numbers in early, regular and expanded blastocysts but had no effect on morulae total cell number. Treatment with IL6 for 30 min induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in all blastomeres in early morulae and specifically within the ICM in blastocysts. Also, IL6 supplementation increased SOCS3 mRNA abundance, a STAT3-responsive gene, in blastocysts. Chemical inhibition of Janus kinase (JAK) activity from day 5 to day 8 prevented STAT3 activation and the IL6-induced ICM cell number increase. Global transcriptome analysis of blastocysts found that transcripts for IL6 and its receptor subunits (IL6R and IL6ST) were the most abundantly expressed IL6 family ligand and receptors. These results indicate that IL6 increases ICM cell numbers as the ICM lineage emerges at the early blastocyst stage through a STAT3-dependent mechanism. Also, IL6 appears to be the primary IL6 cytokine family member utilized by bovine blastocysts to control ICM cell numbers.
Linkage Analysis and Haplotype Phasing in Experimental Autopolyploid Populations with High Ploidy Level Using Hidden Markov Models
Authors: Mollinari Marcelo , Garcia Antonio Augusto Franco
Published: August 2019

Modern SNP genotyping technologies allow measurement of the relative abundance of different alleles for a given locus and consequently estimation of their allele dosage, opening a new road for genetic studies in autopolyploids. Despite advances in genetic linkage analysis in autotetraploids, there is a lack of statistical models to perform linkage analysis in organisms with higher ploidy levels. In this paper, we present a statistical method to estimate recombination fractions and infer linkage phases in full-sib populations of autopolyploid species with even ploidy levels for a set of SNP markers using hidden Markov models. Our method uses efficient two-point procedures to reduce the search space for the best linkage phase configuration and reestimate the final parameters by maximizing the likelihood of the Markov chain. To evaluate the method, and demonstrate its properties, we rely on simulations of autotetraploid, autohexaploid and autooctaploid populations and on a real tetraploid potato data set. The results show the reliability of our approach, including situations with complex linkage phase scenarios in hexaploid and octaploid populations.
Curtición de pieles bovinas con Caelsalpinia spinosa en combinación con oxazolidina
Authors: Puente Guijarro César Arturo
Published: August 2019

Mineral tanning (chromium III) is the most used tanning method worldwide, causing harmful environmental effects not only during production, but also after the goods have completed their lifespan and are discarded into landfills. There, contact with oxidizing agents may result in the degradation of trivalent chromium into hexavalent chromium, a highly contaminating compound. This study attempts to determine the effect of tanning using Caelsalpinia spinosa (tara) combined with oxazolidine, to create an environmentally friendly tanning method by replacing chromium III. In conclusion, it is determined that the use of Caelsalpinia Spinosa combined with oxazolidine produces tanned hides with high physical strength properties that exceed technical regulatory quality standards, as well as a sensory appreciation that is attractive for the user of both tanned hides and leather goods.
Variación de la resistencia cortante del material de relave por causas meteorológicas y su influencia en la estabilidad física de la presa de relaves N.° 3 Mahr Túnel
Authors: Mendoza Maldonado Fernando
Published: August 2019

Meteorological conditions can produce alterations in the physical and chemical composition of materials stored in a tailings dam, as they modify their properties and the dam’s slope stability conditions. In this study, the shear strength behavior of tailings, as a result of meteorological causes, and its influence on the slope stability of tailings dam No. 3 Mahr Túnel, was assessed. To this end, consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests were conducted on undisturbed samples retrieved from the dam for different periods of weather exposure. The results show that tailings shear strength increases as the weather exposure period increases, which in turn enhance the factors of safety of the tailings dam stability analysis.
La contaminación del aire por el material particulado y su relación con las enfermedades de tipo respiratorio en la población de Cerro de Pasco (2010 y 2016)
Authors: Robles Morales Eder Guido , Medina Escudero Ana María , Medina Escudero Carmen Sofía
Published: August 2019

A partir del siglo XVII, se descubrieron yacimientos mineros de plomo, cobre, zinc y plata en Cerro de Pasco, Perú, lo cual dio inicio a un proceso de explotación minera en aquella zona. Desde ese momento, la población aledaña a las actividades mineras empezó a sufrir principalmente enfermedades respiratorias agudas. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre el material particulado menor a 10 micras, producido en la actividad minera, y las infecciones respiratorias agudas que afectaron a los habitantes de Cerro de Pasco, en 2010 y 2016. Para ello se consideraron los resultados realizados en cuatro estaciones de monitoreo del material particulado, el número de atenciones hospitalarias y el clima seco. Además, la investigación es no experimental y correlacional, se consideró una muestra de 10 029 atenciones hospitalarias de pacientes menores o iguales de 5 años y adultos mayores de 50 años. Para 2010, existió un coeficiente de correlación 0,36, p=0,0415; y para 2016, un coeficiente de correlación 0,60, p=0,00 de confianza al 95%. Finalmente, el resultado demostró que existe una relación significativa entre el material particulado menor a 10 micras producido por las fuentes de contaminación y las enfermedades de tipo infecto respiratorias agudas.
Estudio cinético de la producción de bioetanol a partir de residuos agroindustriales de la cáscara de banano maduro
Authors: Romero Bonilla Hugo , Macías Balón Cinthia , Palacios Moreno Aracelly , Redrovan Pesantez Felipe
Published: August 2019

This research addresses the application of compound polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 1500, whose objective is to degrade the inhibiting compounds present during the enzymatic hydrolysis of Cavendish variety ripe banana peels. Likewise, three experiments were conducted on 60% ground banana peel, to which PEG was added at different concentrations: 0.01; 0.02; and 0.03 g/g biomass. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed with conidia of the Trichoderma viride fungus and its subsequent alcoholic fermentation with commercial active dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was previously activated. The best result corresponds to the PEG3 experiment (0.03 g/g biomass), with which a greater increase of reducing sugars was obtained. In addition, significant differences were found (p<0.5) in the glucose obtained among the three hydrolytic treatments. The results show that bioethanol can be obtained from the lignocellulosic residues of ripe banana peel, whose 7% v/v yield obtained is close to others reported in the same field of study. Finally, the analysis of the variable costs of the pretreatment, applied to the banana peel for the production of the ethanol obtained, makes it possible to estimate that the method proposed in this article is less expensive compared to other procedures, demonstrating a higher bioethanol yield obtained in less time.
Improving Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy
Authors: Thomas George , Kim Jiwon , Lerman Bruce B
Published: August 2019

CRT is a cornerstone of therapy for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. By restoring left ventricular (LV) electrical and mechanical synchrony, CRT can reduce mortality, improve LV function and reduce heart failure symptoms. Since its introduction, many advances have been made that have improved the delivery of and enhanced the response to CRT. Improving CRT outcomes begins with proper patient selection so CRT is delivered to all populations that could benefit from it, and limiting the implantation of CRT in those with a small chance of response. In addition, advancements in LV leads and delivery technologies coupled with multimodality imaging and electrical mapping have enabled operators to place coronary sinus leads in locations that will optimise electrical and mechanical synchrony. Finally, new pacing strategies using LV endocardial pacing or His bundle pacing have allowed for CRT delivery and improved response in patients with poor coronary sinus anatomy or lack of response to traditional CRT.
Mapping and Imaging in Non-paroxysmal AF
Authors: Ghannam Michael , Oral Hakan
Published: August 2019

Despite intense research efforts, maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with non-paroxysmal AF remains challenging with suboptimal outcomes. A major limitation to the success of current ablation-based treatments is that our understanding of AF pathophysiology is incomplete. Advances in imaging and mapping tools have been reported to improve ablation outcomes. However, the role of these new approaches on the clinical care of patients with AF remains to be validated and better understood before wide adoption can occur. This article reviews the current techniques of imaging and mapping that can be applied in the management of patients with non-paroxysmal AF with a focus on their relevance to catheter ablation. Future applications and opportunities for new knowledge are also discussed.
Preventive Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Patients with Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy: Meta-analysis of Randomised Trials
Authors: Tilz Roland R , Eitel Charlotte , Lyan Evgeny , Yalin Kivanc , Liosis Spyridon , Vogler Julia , Brueggemann Ben , Eitel Ingo , Heeger Christian , AlTurki Ahmed , Proietti Riccardo
Published: August 2019

Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) aims to treat the underlying arrhythmia substrate to prevent ICD therapies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the safety and efficacy of VT ablation prior to or at the time of secondary prevention ICD implantation in patients with coronary artery disease, as compared with deferred VT ablation. Based on a systematic literature search, three randomised trials were considered eligible for inclusion in this analysis, and data on the number of patients with appropriate ICD shocks, appropriate ICD therapy, arrhythmic storm, death and major complications were extracted from each study. On pooled analysis, there was a significant reduction of appropriate ICD shocks (OR 2.58; 95% CI [1.54–4.34]; p<0.001) and appropriate ICD therapies (OR 2.04; 95% CI [1.15–3.61]; p=0.015) in patients undergoing VT ablation at the time of ICD implantation without significant differences with respect to complications (OR 1.39; 95% CI [0.43–4.51]; p=0.581). Mortality did not differ between both groups (OR 1.30; 95% CI [0.60–2.45]; p=0.422). Preventive catheter ablation of VT in patients with coronary heart disease at the time of secondary prevention ICD implantation results in a significant reduction of appropriate ICD shocks and any appropriate ICD therapy compared with patients without or with deferred VT ablation. No significant difference with respect to complications or mortality was observed between both treatment strategies.