bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques for Solving Multi-Objectives on Single Machine Scheduling Problem
Authors: Hameed Alaa Sabah , Chachan Hanan Ali
Published: October 2021

In this paper, two of the local search algorithms are used (genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization), in scheduling number of products (n jobs) on a single machine to minimize a multi-objective function which is denoted as  (total completion time, total tardiness, total earliness and the total late work). A branch and bound (BAB) method is used for comparing the results for (n) jobs starting from (5-18). The results show that the two algorithms have found the optimal and near optimal solutions in an appropriate times.
The Continuous Classical Optimal Control Problems for Triple Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Al-Hawasy J. A. , Jasim Doaa Kateb
Published: October 2021

In this paper the Galerkin method is used to prove the existence and uniqueness theorem for the solution of the state vector of the triple linear elliptic partial differential equations for fixed continuous classical optimal control vector. Also, the existence theorem of a continuous classical optimal control vector related with the triple linear equations of elliptic types is proved. The existence of a unique solution for the triple adjoint equations related with the considered triple of the state equations is studied. The Fréchet derivative of the cost function is derived. Finally the theorem of necessary conditions for optimality of the considered problem is proved.
The Long-term Consequences of Ordeals: Evidence from the Chinese Sent-Down Movement
Authors: Peng Shuhong
Published: October 2021

The Chinese sent-down movement between the mid 1950s to the late 1970s is a suffering period for Chinese sent-down youths. Using the treatment effect model and the ordered probit model, we examine the impact of sent-down experience on sent-down youths’ income and happiness based on the sample of CGSS2003 and CGSS2006. By doing so, we can explore the long-term consequences of one’s suffering experience. The overall sample regression results show that sent-down experience increase 42% of individuals’ income, while reducing 13% of individuals’ happiness. Sub-sample analysis results are robust to the collusion that the sent-down experience makes a positive impact on income and a negative impact on happiness. This study provides objective evidence for the historical evaluation of sent-down movement, new interpretation for the Easterlin paradox from the view of personality latitude, new empirical evidence for supporting the new human capital theory, useful inspiration for the current sent-down policy of college graduates’ employment.
LINFADENECTOMIA EM CARCINOMA DE CÉLULAS DE MERKEL AVANÇADO
Authors:   Universidade Positivo, Johann Gritsch Lucas , Eduarda Turczyn De Lucca Maria , Carvalho Ribeiro Leandro , Sheylla Malta Purim Kátia , Isabel Pedrini Letícia , Hellen Munhos Sue , Karoline Groth Anne , Stadnick Lauth de Almeida Rosângela ,   Hospital Erasto Gaertner
Published: October 2021

Introdução: O Carcinoma de Células de Merkel (CCM), rara neoplasia neuroendócrina de pele, acomete regiões fotoexpostas, com crescimento rápido, caráter agressivo e alta taxa de mortalidade. É diagnosticado por biópsia e imunohistoquímica (IHQ), e o tratamento realizado com cirurgia e terapia adjuvante. Relato do caso: O presente estudo retrata paciente masculino, 74 anos, portador de lesão exuberante em região glútea associada a metástase linfonodal, confirmada por meio de histologia e IHQ de CCM. Submetido a ressecção da lesão, linfadenectomia inguinal aberta e radioterapia (RT). Houve evolução locorregional associada a linfocele, disfunção orgânica múltipla, sepse e desfecho desfavorável. Conclusão: São discutidas a apresentação incomum do caso, sua gravidade, desafios cirúrgicos e complicações.
GESTATIONAL DIAGNOSIS AND FETAL AND NEONATAL SURGERY OF SACROCOCCYGEAL TERATOMA
Authors:   Unimed Vitória, Paula Calazans da Paz Ana , Lucia Barroso dos Reis Helena , Franco da Costa Coridon , Campos Boscaglia Thaissa , Donateli Rosa Lucas , de Oliveira Almeida Márcio , Aparecida Tosato Boldrini Neide , José Goncalves e Leal Antônio , Espinosa Miranda Angelica ,   Federal University of Espirito Santo,   Santa Casa de Misericórdia
Published: October 2021

Introdução: Os teratomas sacrococcígeos (TS) são os tumores congênitos de células germinativas mais comuns, embora raros, com incidência de 1/40.000 nascidos vivos. Descrevemos o diagnóstico intra-uterino de TS por ultrassonografia e tratamento cirúrgico pré e pós-parto durante a epidemia de COVID-19. Relato do caso: Paciente G2P1A0, 16 semanas de gestação, a presença de tumor sólido, de textura heterogênea, vascularizado localizado na região sacrococcígea foi detectado por Doppler colorido no início da epidemia de Covid-19. A paciente apresentou sinais clínicos de amniorrexe prematura com 31 semanas de gestação e foi internada para acompanhamento clínico e com parto programado para 34 semanas de gestação. Recémnascido do sexo feminino, com 3.285 gramas com 990 gramas de tumor sacrococcígeo, foi encaminhado à unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. O tumor foi ressecado três dias após o nascimento. Discussão: A região sacrococcígea é a localização mais comum de teratomas em crianças. A ultrassonografia tem papel fundamental no diagnóstico prénatal precoce. Além disso, a terapia fetal pode reduzir os resultados perinatais ruins como a hidropisia fetal devido à ablação dos vasos sanguíneos. Conclusão: A ressecção completa do tumor associada à retirada do cóccix é o principal objetivo no tratamento curativo do teratoma, independentemente do seu tipo histológico. O diagnóstico e o tratamento devem ser realizados o mais cedo possível para evitar uma possível transformação maligna.
JEJUNO BILIAR: OBSTRUÇÃO INTESTINAL POR CÁLCULO BILIAR EM UM PACIENTE IDOSO COM VÍCIO DE ROTAÇÃO
Authors:   Hospital de Misericórdia da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Henrique Nunes Hirata Bruno , Chiaramelli Pedro , Nasser Mancini Caio , Henrique de Andrade Zanoni Marcos , Moreto Betini Lucas , Cunha Mateus Henrique
Published: October 2021

Introdução: O íleo biliar corresponde de 1 a 4% das causas de obstruções intestinais. Trata-se de uma complicação rara da colelitíase não tratada, decorrente de uma complicação da colecistite aguda: uma fístula biliodigestiva. Anomalias congênitas da rotação intestinal também podem ser causas de obstrução intestinal e, em adultos, sua incidência está descrita em aproximadamente 0,2% dos casos. Relato do caso: Relatamos um caso incomum de um paciente com aerobilia, obstrução intestinal por cálculo biliar (diagnosticados na tomografia de abdome). Na laparotomia exploradora, foi constatada a presença de um vício de rotação com Banda de Ladd. Foi retirado o cálculo do jejuno e não foi abordada a fístula biliar. O paciente evoluiu com uma broncopneumonia e faleceu no terceiro dia pós-operatório. Conclusão: Em suma, o íleo biliar é uma das complicações da colelitíase não tratada que necessita de intervenção de urgência. Seu diagnóstico requer um alto grau de suspeição e seu tratamento cirúrgico deve ser imediato. A Banda de Ladd é uma causa de obstrução duodenal em crianças com vício de rotação intestinal. Seu diagnóstico em adultos é pouco frequente. O paciente supracitado apresentava duas doenças raras simultâneas.
TRATAMENTO VÍDEO ASSISTIDO DE INTUSSUSCEPÇÃO INTESTINAL POR ADENOCARCINOMA DE CECO EM CRIANÇA
Authors:   Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, Entringer Falqueto Loraine , Rubio Vilar Paula , Martins Vissoci Carolina , Antônio Bersani Amado Fernando , Schulz Claudio , de Mattos e Silva Elisângela
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A intussuscepção intestinal é uma das principais causas de obstrução intestinal em crianças. Em pacientes acima de cinco anos, em geral, é secundária a lesões predominantemente benignas, entretanto, os tumores malignos intestinais também podem causar invaginação intestinal. O adenocarcinoma de cólon é um dos cânceres mais frequentes em adultos, porém é raro em pacientes pediátricos. Os pacientes apresentam subtipos mais agressivos e em estágios mais avançados e tem sobrevida média de 26 meses. Relato do caso: Neste trabalho é relatado o caso de um paciente masculino com 12 anos de idade diagnosticado com invaginação íleo-ceco-cólica por adenocarcinoma de ceco. Conclusão: A invaginação intestinal em pacientes acima de cinco anos está fortemente associada a pontos patológicos de invaginação. Causas benignas são mais frequentes, porém, dada a agressividade do adenocarcinoma de cólon nas crianças e nos adolescentes, deve-se estar atento para os sintomas de alarme com alto índice de suspeição, permitindo o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento oncológico adequado.
PECOMA DE COLO UTERINO: UM RARO RELATO DE CASO
Authors:   Universidade de Araraquara, Lombardi Welington , Borges Lombardi Luciana , Abud Ferreira Marina , Vicentin Silva Flávia , Paino Ruas Silvia , Pereira Vanni Fernando , Barbieri Rodrigues Caroline , Albaricci Carreon Fernandes Luana ,   Anatomia Patológica Dr Paino
Published: October 2021

Introdução: Os Pecomas são tumores de células epitelióides, de origem mesenquimal, normalmente benignos e extremamente raros. São encontrados mais frequentemente no retroperitônio, em região abdominopélvica, no trato gastrointestinal e no trato ginecológico, podendo ser encontrada também em tecidos moles e ossos. Recentemente foram publicados aproximadamente 100 casos de Pecoma, e cerca de 30% desses são de origem uterina, sendo o corpo do útero a região mais acometida. Em sua grande maioria possuem comportamento benigno, sendo raro o acometimento de estruturas ou órgãos vizinhos. Relato do caso: Trata-se de uma paciente de 38 anos, que apresentava sangramento uterino persistente, volume uterino aumentado e anemia associada. O ultrassom transvaginal mostrava a presença de vários nódulos sugestivos de leiomiomas. Após tratamento cirúrgico com histerectomia abdominal total, o anatomopatológico confirmou a presença de miomatose uterina, neoplasia intraepitelial cervical grau III e Pecoma de colo uterino. O exame de imunohistoquímica confirmou o diagnóstico de Pecoma, através da positividade para HMB-45, no achado cirúrgico. Conclusão: Portanto, por haver um número pequeno de relatos e estudos sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento do Pecoma, é importante e relevante estudarmos mais sobre essa afecção para melhorar os níveis de evidências e conhecimento sobre tal doença.
DIVERTICULITE AGUDA PERFURADA PARA RETROPERITÔNEO E EXTENSÃO PARA PARTES MOLES
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Sebben Reichardt Gabriel , Gusso Corrêa Gustavo , Aurélio Fonseca Favero Lucas ,   Hospital do Trabalhador
Published: October 2021

Introdução: Um quarto dos pacientes com diverticulite aguda precisarão de um procedimento cirúrgico, 15% por uma perfuração colônica. A perfuração para o retroperitônio, um evento raro, geralmente se apresenta sem sinais de peritonite, sendo relatado na literatura algumas manifestações incomuns como abscesso em quadril, dor na coxa e enfisema em subcutâneo. Relato do caso: Apresentamos o caso de um paciente de 61 anos, do sexo masculino, que chega ao pronto-socorro com rebaixamento do nível de consciência, com informante relatando quadro com inicio há uma semana de edema de membro inferior esquerdo progressivo associado a confusão mental e sonolência há 2 dias. Notava-se importante edema em coxa e pelve esquerdas, com exame abdominal inocente. Os exames laboratoriais mostraram acidose metabólica, além de Proteína C-reativa e Lactato elevados. A tomografia computadorizada realizada na sequência demonstrava múltiplos divertículos colônicos, pneumoperitônio e perfuração do cólon descendente comunicando com retrocavidade, além de extenso enfisema de subcutâneo em parede abdominal que se estendia até a coxa esquerda e região escrotal e inguinal bilateral. O paciente foi prontamente encaminhado ao centro cirúrgico para laparotomia, na qual evidenciou-se grande quantidade de líquido purulento e fezes em cavidade. Durante liberação do cólon descendente, foi identificada perfuração para retroperitônio com grande contaminação para retrocavidade. Optou-se então pela realização de retossigmoidectomia com fechamento de coto distal e colostomia terminal em flanco direito. Após o procedimento cirúrgico, o paciente foi admitido na unidade de tratamento intensivo (UTI) com quadro de choque séptico refratário, evoluindo com parada cardiorrespiratória não responsiva a medidas de ressuscitação. Conclusão: Este trabalho mostra que, frente a um quadro infeccioso sistêmico inespecífico, manifestações em membro inferior e enfisema de parede abdominal, a diverticulite complicada deve entrar no rol de possibilidades diagnósticas.
Usulan Perbaikan Tata Letak Fasilitas Pabrik Tahu dengan Metode Systematic Layout Planning
Authors: Nugeroho Adik Ahmad Unggul
Published: October 2021

Tingkat persaingan yang tinggi dalam industri ini akhirnya mengharuskan untuk menentukan strategi-strategi yang tepat agar dapat menjaga produktivitas sehingga keuntungan yang didapatkan pun dapat terus ditingkatkan. UKM BM adalah salah satu usaha yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan kedelai yaitu memproduksi tahu. Keadaan lantai produksi di UKM BM saat ini masih belum tersusun dengan tepat. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada dari bentuk pola aliran bahan yang ada. Pola aliran yang tidak teratur membuat timbulnya back-tracking dari perpindahan aliran bahan didalam proses produksi yang berdampak pada ongkos material handling. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya suatu pertimbangan bagaimana membuat atau mengubah tata letak fasilitas yang lebih efektif dan efisien, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merekomendasikan suatu rancangan tata letak fasilitas produksi tahu yang baru dengan optimalisasi yang diperoleh dari segi jarak tempuh aliran bahan. Perancangan tata letak menggunakan metode Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) dibuat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang menyangkut berbagai macam permasalahan aliran material produski, transpotasi, pergudangan, supporting, perakitan dan aktivitas kantor adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Jarak material handling pada layout awal yaitu 537.5 meter/ produksi dengan ongkos material handling Rp. 60.000/ produksi. hasil rancangan perbaikan pada layout usulan menunjukan jarak material handling lebih pendek yaitu 424.5 meter/ produksi dengan ongkos material handling Rp. 47.374/ produksi.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA ANIMASI DI TK TAQIFA BANGKINANG KOTA
Authors: Gusman Deddy , Nurmalina Nurmalina
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peningkatan kemampuan sosial emosional anak melalui penggunaan media animasi di TK Taqifa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu untuk menganalisis pada proses penyimpulandeduktif dan induktif mengetahui keadaan yang sebenarnya di lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa dalam meningkatkan kemampuan social Anak guru sudah menggunakan Media Animasi sesuai dengan teori yaitu memilih tema untuk kegiatan yang ingin dicapai, menyiapkan media, memusatkan perhatian anak, menyajikan pembelajaran yang dinamis, berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip psikologi dan tingkah laku dan kognisi, memberikan kegiatan untuk merangsang kemampuan anak dan memberikan evaluasi. Akan tetapi ada beberapa kelemahan guru dalam penggunaan media animasi yaitu sulitnya guru mendapatkan video yang sesuai dengan tema pembelajaran dan kurangnya evaluasi yang diberikan guru setelah menayangkan video animasi.
Features of the interaction of molecular oxygen with the condensation surface in the plasma of a low-pressure arc discharge
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Karpov Igor , Ushakov Anatoly ,   Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedorov Leonid , Goncharova Elena , Brungardt Maxim , Demin Vadim
Published: October 2021

A model has been developed for studying the features of the thermal interaction of molecular oxygen in the near-surface condensation layer in the plasma of a low-pressure arc discharge. It was found that the input power and pressure of the gas mixture exert the main influence on the electron temperature and on the density of positive ions (O_2^+ and O+). It is shown that at a fixed pressure, the ion density increases with an increase in the power of the system, and vice versa.
COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IS IN SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF TEACHER OF INITIAL SCHOOL
Authors:   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Cherezova Iryna , Chumak Viktor ,   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

On the basis of theoretical analysis, the content and structure of the concept of «communicative competence», communicative qualities of the teacher, styles of teachers and students, criteria for the formation of communicative competence of the teacher of elementary classes are clarified. The influence of the style of communication of the teacher to the level of its communicative competence is shown. It has been found that communicative competence is an integrated characteristic of the level of professional preparedness of a teacher based on fundamental psychological and pedagogical knowledge and skills that manifest themselves in unity with personal qualities. It involves the ability of the teacher to perceive and adequately explain the behavior of the disciple; notice changes in its emotional sphere and behavior, analyze and adequately interpret them; Use such mechanisms of interpersonal knowledge as empathy, identification, decentralization. The paper noted that the democratic style of communication contributes to the development of activity and creativity of students, the orientation for independent problem solving is carried out, confidence, independence, sense of emotional proximity is formed, the self-affirmation process takes place, a sense of pleasure and confidence in their power appears. This style carries a call for cooperation and cognitive activity. It was found that the formation of communicative competence is expedient to exercise in two ways: 1) the weapons of future teachers with knowledge of psychology of professional communication and their own peculiarities of communication; 2) Formation and correction of skills and skills of professional communication.
Covid-19 Prevention: Level and Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward WHO Recommended Covid-19 Prevention Measures Among Harar Population, Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alemayehu Astawus , Demissie Abebaw , Yusuf Mohammed , Feleke Dereje , Minsamo Kirubel , Abdullahi Yasin , Lencha Abebe Gemechu , Tola Assefa
Published: October 2021

Result

In
this study, 75.1%, 44.7%, and 52.8% of participants had a good knowledge,
positive attitude and good practice toward COVID-19 prevention, respectively. Occupation
and educational status were found to have significant strong association with
level of knowledge. Occupation, educational status, monthly income and family
size were found to have significant strong association with level of attitude.
Marital status, educational status and family size were found to have
significant strong association with level of practice toward Covid-19 recommended
prevention measures.

Conclusion

Overall,
there is high level of knowledge and medium level of attitude and practice
toward Covid-19 recommended prevention measures. Repeated tailored information
using different media should be provided to the community regarding Covid-19
prevention methods. Existing Covid-19 prevention efforts should be strengthened
and evaluated to improve community preventive practices.
التحميل السكاني لسمهحة التربة وتأثيرها في ظاهرة الترحر في ناحية اإلسحاقي
Authors: أنريف جاسم السذايخي أياد
Published: October 2021

تشاولت ىحه الجراسة ممػحة التخبة وتأثيخىا في تذكيل ضاىخة الترحخ في ناحية اإلسحاقي، وقج تبيغ مغ نتائج ىحا البحث أن مشصقة الج ارسة تعاني مغ أرتفاع في مدتػى ممػحة التخبة، إذ بمغالسعجل العام لسمػحة التخبة في السػاقع السجروسة )ٕ,ٛ مميسػز/سع( وىي ذات ممػحة عالية، ويختمف تأثيخ ممػحة التخبة يختمف مغ مشصقة ألخخى، وأن االرتفاع الحاصل في ممػحة التخبة في مشصقةالج ارسة تعػد أسبابو إلى عجة عػامل مشيا شبيعة الدصح وخرائز السشاخ الدائجة، فزالً عغخرائز السياه الدصحية والجػفية ومذاريع الخي والبدل وما ليا مغ دور في حجوث التسمح عمى سصح التخبة، كسا تبيغ مغ نتائج الجراسة أن ممػحة التخبة أسيست بذكل فعال في تشاقز السداحات السدوعة نتيجة التجىػر الحي أصاب األراضي الدراعية في مشصقة الجراسة
عجائب المخلوقات وغرائبها في تاريخ الدولة الفاطمية (358-567هـ/ 969-1171م)
Authors: . حيدر مزهر عسكر
Published: October 2021

تطرقت هذه الدراسة الى عجائب مخلوقات الله وغرائبها وتركيز المؤرخين لتاريخ الدولة الفاطمية بشكل خاص على احضار الخلفاء الفاطميين للمخلوقات البشرية لمشاهدتها ومحاولة ايجاد العلاج لها ومساعدتها مادياً للتخفيف من معاناتهم ومعاناة ذويهم ، واتضح للباحث تركز هذه الحالات في مدن معينة دون غيرها ، وحرص الخلفاء على مشاهدة الغرائب والعجائب من الحيوانات بعد جلبها الى القاهرة من انحاء الدولة الفاطمية أو خارج حدودها .
الموقف العراقي من إعلان الدولة العثمانية الجهاد في الحرب لعالمية الأولى
Authors: ياسين عبد نادية
Published: October 2021

دخلت الدولة العثمانية الحرب العالمية الأولى إلى جانب دول الوسط في الخامس من تشرين الثاني 1914، وهو تاريخ التحرك الفعلي للقوات البريطانية صوب العراق. ومنذ الأيام الأولى للحرب وبعد إعلان التعبئة العامة سعت الدولة العثمانية إلى إتباع كل السبل الكفيلة بتحقيق الاستفادة من كل إمكانات الولايات التي تحت سلطتها لتعزيز قدراتها العسكرية، وكان إعلان الجهاد احد ابرز تلك السبل. ففي السابع من تشرين الثاني 1914 اصدر شيخ الإسلام خيري أفندي فتوى الجهاد، تبعها إعلان السلطان العثماني، في الحادي عشر من الشهر نفسه، بلاغا حث فيه على الحرب من اجل الدفاع عن الدولة العثمانية والاسلام.

      في الوقت ذاته توجهت الحكومة العثمانية بجهدها نحو علماء الدين وارسلت وفدا من بغداد إلى البارزين منهم لبحث الموقف من الحرب، واستقبل الوفد بحفاوة وأعلن عدد من علماء الدين على المنابر وجوب مشاركة الحكومة المسلمة في "دفع الكفار عن بلاد الإسلام”.

     حاولنا من خلال البحث الإجابة عن مجموعة من التساؤلات الخاصة بالموقف العراقي من اعلان الجهاد. يتقدمها لماذا اتجهت الدولة العثمانية الى اعلان الجهاد؟ هل كان تفاعل علماء الدين العراقيين عن قناعة؟ كيف تفاعل المواطن العراقي البسيط وابن العشيرة مع هذه الدعوة وما هو حجم الاستجابة لها؟ هل كان للمواطن العراقي دور في ساحات القتال؟ وما هو حجم هذا الدور وطبيعته والنتائج التي ترتبت عليه؟ وكيف كان موقف الفئة المثقفة من اعلان الجهاد؟  للخروج بنتيجة عن تأثير كل هذا على الواقع العراقي.
الولايات المتحدة بين الحياد والمشاركة في الحرب العالمية الأولى (1914 -1919)
Authors: جبوري موسى العيساوي رنا
Published: October 2021

تعالج الدراسة سياسة الولايات المتحدة في الحرب العالمية الأولى وتداعياتها بين الحياد او المشاركة ، ودور الرئيس ويلسون في ابعاد شبح الحرب عن دولته باعتماده على موقف الحياد وعدم االمشاركة في الحرب، ويمكن تفسير مصطلح "الحياد" من منطلق أن الولايات المتحدة لم ترسل جنودها إلى أوروبا للمشاركة في الحرب، تطبيقا "لمبدأ مونرو" الذي أقره الرئيس الأمريكي السابق جيمس مونرو. حيث لا تتدخل القارة الاوروبية في الأمريكيين، في حين لا يتدخل الأمريكيون في قضايا الأوروبيين.
التطورات الاقتصادية في العراق (1953-1955)
Authors: حسن بديوي صباح
Published: October 2021

شهد العراق خلال المدة (1953- 1955) حركة اقتصادية قادتها الدولة العراقية آنذاك بغية الوصول الى تقدم البلاد وازدهارها  وان كانت هناك بعض الاخفاقات التي حالت دون التطبيق الكامل لبعض القوانين ، الا انه بوجه عام يمكننا القول ان العراق قد حقق حلال مدة الدراسة نقلة نوعية في الحالات الاقتصادية كافة وهناك رغبة حقيقة من جانب الدولة بإنجاز تقدم اقتصادي في البلاد على الرغم من الظروف السياسية الداخلية المتمثلة بالمعارضة السياسية والظروف الاقليمية وما يشهده الاقليم من تقلبات سياسية كان في مقدمتها احداث ايران عام 1953.
التحليل الجغرافي لظاهرة ترمل النساء في مدينة العمارة
Authors: عبود درجال وسام
Published: October 2021

تعد ظاهرة ترمل النساء من المشكلات الاجتماعية التي تنتشر في المجتمعات التي تكثر فيها الحروب وتفشي الامراض وتدهور الواقع الاقتصادي والصحي والاجتماعي لاسيما في المجتمعات العربية، ولها تداعيات ونتائج سلبية ليس على الأرملة وأطفالها فحسب ، وانما على الأسرة والمجتمع على حد سواء .

     يهدف البحث للكشف عن ظاهرة ترمل النساء في مدينة العمارة خلال عام (2020)، ومعرفة الخصائص الديموغرافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية للنساء الأرامل، أعتمد البحث على الدراسة الميدانية وتوصل الى عدة نتائج أهمها ارتفاع وفيات الازواج عند الفئة العمرية الاكثر من اربعين سنة، وبعدد افراد مرتفع، وانخفاض مستوى دخلها، وتدني مستوى تعليمه، وعدم توفر السكن الملائم لها، وانخفاض فرصة العمل لديها، كذلك اظهر البحث جملة من الأسباب ساهمت في ارتفاع ظاهرة الترمل، ومعرفة أهم الاثار الاقتصادية والصحية والاجتماعية المترتبة على ترمل النساء.
التغير المناخي وتأثيره على الاتجاهات العامة لدرجة حرارة أيام الانقلاب الصيفي في العراق
Authors: ناصر عبود الكاني مالك
Published: October 2021

يواجه العالم اليوم تغيرات كبيرة حاصلة في المناخ والتي أصبح لها تأثيراً واضحاً وعلى العناصر المناخية؛ فإلارتفاع الكبير في درجات الحرارة وانخفاضها أثر بشكل حاد على انتظام حرارة الأرض، ونتيجة التزايد في درجة الحرارة قد يؤثر على بقية عناصر المناخ الأخرى في الغلاف الجوي.

وتهدف الدراسة للكشف عن تأثير التغيير المناخي في الاتجاهات الخصائص الحرارية اليومية العامة في أيام الإنقلاب الصيفي في العراق، وتحليل العلاقة ومعرفة تأثيره على العناصر المناخية، أظهر التباين الزماني والمكاني دوراً واضح في تغيير الاتجاهات العامة لمؤشر القييم اليومية لدرجات الحرارة، إذ أسهم التباين (الانعكاس) واضحاً على الاتجاه العام للعناصر الحرارية وعلى المستوى اليومي والسنوي في أيام الانقلاب الصيفي، ومن خلال تحليل العناصر المناخية محطات الدراسة للمدة (1980-2018)، إذ شهد تغيراً في منطقة الدراسة باتجاه تزايد (موجباً) الحرارة اليومية المتمثلة بالمعدل درجة الحرارة العظمى والصغرى ودرجة الحرارة الاعتيادية، إذ ركزّت الدراسة على المنهج التحليل الوصفي الى جانب استعمال ببرنامج احصائية متمثلة برنامج (EXCEL).
علاقة الرأفة بالذات بالتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: عبدالله الزبيدي رحيم
Published: October 2021

يهدف الباحث الحالي التعرف على العلاقة الارتباطية بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة ، وسعى البحث التعرف على:

1- الرأفة بالذات لدى طلبة الجامعة .

2- التنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة .

3- العلاقة الارتباطية بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة .

4- الفرق في العلاقة بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعا لمتغيري الجنس والتخصص .

وتحدد البحث بطلبة كلية التربية في الجامعة المستنصرية الدراسات الصباحية  ولكلا الجنسين (ذكور- أناث) ولكلا التخصصين (علمي- انساني) للعام الدراسي(2020- 2021) .

       قام الباحث ببناء أداتين لتحقيق أهداف البحث الأولى لمعرفة الرأفة بالذات والثانية لمعرفة التنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة وبعد التطبق الالكتروني على عينة وأجراء الوسائل الإحصاية توصل البحث الى النتائج الآتية :

1- وجود الرأفة بالذات لدى طلبة الجامعة

2- وجود تنظيم اجتماعي لدى طلبة الجامعة

3- وجود علاقة ارتباطية بين الرأفة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى طلبة الجامعة

4- توصلت النتائج الى وجود فروق بين الرافة بالذات والتنظيم الانفعالي بين الجنسين ولصالح الأناث وكذلك وجود فروق بين التخصص ولصالح التخصص الأنساني.
استونيا : تجربة رائدة في الاصلاحات السياسية و الاقتصادية بين تحقيق الاستقرار السياسي ترسيخ مبادئ الاقتصاد الرقمي
Authors: شدهان الزهيري ستار
Published: October 2021

حققت استونيا استقلالها من الاتحاد السوفياتي عام1992 وهي تعد من دول البلطيق . ذات المساحة الصغيرة وعدد السكان المنخفض. دولة ديمقراطية تعددية سياسية نجحت في التحول السياسي و الاقتصادي وحققت نتائج جيدة في خصخصة المشاريع القطاع العام وتطور الاقتصاد و اعتماد مستوى التعليمي متطور جعل استونيا من الدول الرائدة في الاقتصاد الرقمي بفضل استخدام التكنولوجيا والاتصالات و الاقتصاد الرقمية.
Constraints on the ice composition of carbonaceous chondrites from their magnetic mineralogy
Authors: Sridhar Sanjana , Bryson James , King Ashley , Harrison Richard
Published: October 2021

Carbonaceous chondrites experienced varying degrees of aqueous alteration on their parent asteroids, which influenced their mineralogies, textures, and bulk chemical and isotopic compositions. Although this alteration was a crucial event in the history of these meteorites, their various alteration pathways are not well understood. One phase that formed during this alteration was magnetite, and its morphology and abundance vary between and within chondrite groups, providing a means of investigating chondrite aqueous alteration. We measured bulk magnetic properties and first-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams of CM, CI, CO, and ungrouped C2 chondrites to identify the morphology and size range of magnetite present in these meteorites. We identify two predominant pathways of aqueous alteration among these meteorites that can be distinguished by the resultant morphology of magnetite. In WIS 91600, Tagish Lake, and CI chondrites, magnetite forms predominantly from Fe-sulfides as framboids and stacked plaquettes. In CM and CO chondrites, <0.1 μm single-domain (SD) magnetite and 0.1–5 μm vortex (V) state magnetite formed predominantly via the direct replacement of metal and Fe-sulfides. After ruling out differences in temperature, water:rock ratios, terrestrial weathering effects, and starting mineralogy, we hypothesise that the primary factor controlling the pathway of aqueous alteration was the composition of the ice accreted into each chondrite group’s parent body. Nebula condensation sequences predict that the most feasible method of appreciably evolving ice concentrations was the condensation of ammonia, which will have formed a more alkaline hydrous fluid upon melting, leading to fundamentally different conditions that may have caused the formation of different magnetite morphologies. As such, we suggest that WIS 91600, Tagish Lake, and the CI chondrites accreted past the ammonia ice line, supporting a more distal or younger accretion of their parent asteroids.
Fe5S2 identified as a host for sulfur in Earth and planetary cores
Authors: Zurkowski Claire , Lavina Barbara , Case Abigail , Swadba Kellie , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali , Campbell Andrew
Published: October 2021

Cosmochemical considerations suggest that sulfur is a candidate light alloying element in rocky planetary cores, such that the high pressure-temperature (P-T) Fe-S phase relations likely play a key role in planetary core crystallization thermodynamics. The iron-saturated Fe-S phase relations were investigated to 200 GPa and 3250 K using combined powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. Upon heating at 120 GPa, I-4 Fe3S is observed to break down to form iron and a novel hexagonal Fe5S2 sulfide with the Ni5As2 structure (P63cm, Z = 6). To 200 GPa, Fe5S2 and Fe are observed to coexist at high temperatures while Fe2S polymorphs are identified with Fe at lower temperatures. An updated Fe-rich Fe-S phase diagram is presented. As this hexagonal Fe5S2 expresses complex Fe-Fe coordination and atomic positional disorder, crystallization of Fe5S2 may contribute to intricate elastic and electrical properties in Earth and planetary cores as they crystallize over time. Models of a fully crystallized Fe-rich Fe-S liquid in Earth’s and Venus’ core establish that Fe5S2 is likely the only sulfide to crystallize and may deposit in the outer third of the planets’ cores as they cool. Fe5S2 could further serve as a host for Ni and Si as has been observed in the related meteoritic phase perryite, (Fe, Ni)8(P, Si)3, adding intricacies to elemental partitioning during core crystallization. The stability of Fe5S2 presented here is key to understanding the role of sulfur in the crystallization sequences that drive the geodynamics and dictate the structures of Earth and rocky planetary cores.
Pitfalls of Machine Learning based Personnel Selection - Fairness, Transparency and Data Quality
Authors: Goretzko David , Israel Laura
Published: October 2021

In recent years, machine learning (ML) modeling (often referred to as artificial intelligence) has become increasingly popular for personnel selection purposes. Numerous organizations use ML-based procedures for screening large candidate pools, while some companies try to automate the hiring process as far as possible. Since ML models can handle large sets of predictor variables and are therefore able to incorporate many different data sources (often more than common procedures can consider), they promise a higher predictive accuracy and objectivity in selecting the best candidate than traditional personal selection processes. However, there are some pitfalls and challenges that have to be taken into account when using ML for a sensitive issue as personnel selection. In this paper, we address these major challenges - namely the definition of a valid criterion, transparency regarding collected data and decision mechanisms, algorithmic fairness, changing data conditions as well as adequate performance evaluation - and discuss some recommendations for implementing fair, transparent, and accurate ML-based selection algorithms.
The effect of herd immunity thresholds on willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19
Authors: Andersson Per Algot , Tinghög Gustav , Västfjäll Daniel
Published: October 2021

Since the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, media and policy makers have speculated about herd immunity and the threshold for numbers of immune citizens needed for reaching it. What are the effects of such numerical goals on willingness to vaccinate? In a large representative sample of unvaccinated Swedes we find that giving a low (60%) compared to a high (90%) threshold have direct effects on beliefs about reaching herd immunity and beliefs about how many others will get vaccinated. Presenting the high threshold makes people believe that herd immunity is harder to reach, compared to the low threshold, yet at the same time people also believe that a higher number of the population will get vaccinated. Since these beliefs affects willingness to vaccinate in opposite directions, some individuals are encouraged and others discouraged depending on the threshold presented. This has consequences for ongoing COVID-19 vaccination and future vaccination campaigns
Analysis and electronic circuit implementation of an integer-and fractional-order Shimizu-Morioka system
Authors: Kapche Tagne François , KOM Guillaume Honoré , Motchongom Tingue Marceline , Kisito Talla Pierre , Kamdoum Tamba V.
Published: October 2021

The dynamics of an integer-order and fractional-order Lorenz like system called Shimizu-Morioka system is investigated in this paper. It is shown thatinteger-order Shimizu-Morioka system displays bistable chaotic attractors, monostable chaotic attractors and coexistence between bistable and monostable chaotic attractors. For suitable choose of parameters, the fractional-order Shimizu-Morioka system exhibits bistable chaotic attractors, monostable chaotic attractors, metastable chaos (i.e. transient chaos) and spiking oscillations. The bifurcation structures reveal that the fractional-order derivative affects considerably the dynamics of Shimizu-Morioka system. The chain fractance circuit is used to designand implement the integer- and fractional-order Shimizu-Morioka system in Pspice. A close agreement is observed between PSpice based circuit simulations and numerical simulations analysis. The results obtained in this work were not reported previously in the interger as well as in fractional-order Shimizu-Morioka system and thus represent an important contribution which may help us in better understanding of the dynamical behavior of this class of systems.
Effect of Different Process Parameters on the formation of Silver Nanoparticles using Crude and Modified Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Extracts
Authors:   The Open University of Sri Lanka, Vivehananthan Kalaivani , De Silva W.H.
Published: October 2021

In recent times, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles, which has led to significant growth in the field of nanotechnology. The use of plant extracts has become an impetus in this field as it is a simple and eco-friendly method. This study was an attempt to study different parameters in biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf extracts. Four different process parameters such as concentrations of neem leaf extract, types of neem leaf extract, mixing ratios and the reaction time period were investigated on the formation of silver nanoparticles. Initially, the formation of silver nanoparticles was detected by the visual observation. Then, the synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The change of color from yellow to reddish brown color confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles. The silver surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band obtained in the expected visible range of UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of the nanoparticles. SEM images showed that silver nanoparticles are roughly spherical and of uniform particle size, and the average particle size is 100 nm. Further, the maximum absorbance of SPR band was considerably varied with different process parameters used in the present study. The UV-Visible spectra of 2.5 g/100 mL of crude neem leaf extract without any dilution showed maximum absorbance in the expected range with the mixing ratio of (Neem and AgNO3) 1:8. However, the maximum absorbance of modified neem leaf extracts (pH 10) resulted lower in value than the crude extracts in the 20 times diluted sample with the mixing ratio of 1:9. Moreover, modified extract with UV radiation exposure increased the absorbance in the expected visible range. It concludes that fine tuning of the bioprocess parameters would enhance nanoparticle synthesis.
Contribuição a uma história do roteiro
Authors: Heffner Hernani
Published: October 2021

A partir da importância dada a roteiros nas revistas de cinema, como a Cinearte, à relação de cineastas (como Humberto Mauro) com o roteiro, a sinopse e o argumento, o autor procura salientar uma migração de “homens de letras”, na década de 1920, até alcançar o cinema moderno brasileiro.  Por um viés historiográfico são percorridas as obras de roteiristas do período clássico, como Alinor de Azevedo, do cinema moderno, como Eduardo Coutinho e Glauber Rocha, até algumas tendências dos roteiristas brasileiros no cinema dos anos oitenta e de retomada.
O roteiro como "estrutura" que quer ser outra "estrutura"
Authors: Pasolini Pier Paolo
Published: October 2021

Traduzido de:Pier Paolo Pasolini: Saggi sulla letteratura e sull' arte. Dois tomos. Org. Walter Siti & Silvia De Laude. Arnoldo Mondadori editore, Milano, 1999. Pgs. 1489 - 1502.
IDADE, SEXO, RAÇA/ETNIA SÃO FATORES INTRINSECOS ASSOCIADOS À PERDA DE MASSA MUSCULAR: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Schopf Pâmela Pissolato , Allendorf Diego Brum , Schwanke Carla Helena Augustin , Gottlieb Maria Gabriela Valle
Published: October 2021

Fatores intrínsecos podem estar envolvidos com a perda de massa muscular ou com a sarcopenia em humanos, como por exemplo, idade, sexo e raça. O objetivo dessa revisão foi verificar se idade, sexo e raça/etnia estão associados a perda de massa muscular ou sarcopenia. Realizou-se uma busca no mês de agosto de 2015 nas bases de dados Web of Science, Embase, PubMed e LILACS, com o intuito de identificar estudos que investigaram a perda de massa muscular e/ou sarcopenia em amostras compostas por homens e mulheres com idade acima de 18 anos, diferentes grupos étnicos, nos idiomas português e inglês, entre os anos de 2005 e 2015. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram os seguintes: indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos; homens e mulheres de diferentes raças/etnias, onde o desfecho final deveria consistir na associação entre sarcopenia e/ou perda de massa muscular com sexo, idade e raça/etnia. 136 artigos relacionados ao tema foram capturados, porém apenas sete estudos foram incluídos, pois preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados demonstram que mulheres negras apresentam significativamente maior massa livre de gordura e índice de massa livre de gordura do que mulheres brancas, porém essas variáveis são semelhantes entre homens negros e brancos. Homens e mulheres negras apresentam significativamente perda mais precoce de massa muscular quando comparada com brancos. Idosos negros (homens e mulheres) também apresentam uma redução de força muscular quando comparados com idosos brancos. Para ambos os sexos, após o ponto de corte de 27 anos de idade a massa muscular começa a declinar, porém Afro-Americanos apresentaram os maiores valores de massa muscular, seguidos por brancos, hispânicos e asiáticos. Sexo e idade são fatores intrínsecos que podem afetar a massa muscular, no entanto a raça/etnia pode modular de forma diferente essa perda ao longo do processo de envelhecimento.
A TEMPERATURA DOS REPOSITORES HÍDRICOS PODE INFLUENCIAR A CAPACIDADE AERÓBIA?
Authors: De Salles Painelli Vitor , Da Eira Silva Vinicius , Artioli Guilherme Giannini , Lancha Junior Antonio Herbert
Published: October 2021

O aumento da temperatura interna (Ti) é considerado importante causa da fadiga durante exercícios prolongados realizados no calor. Dentre as estratégias empregadas para atenuá-la, a reposição hídrica é a que mais se destaca por sua praticidade e baixo custo. Por outro lado, pouco sabe-se a respeito da influência que a temperatura dos repositores hídricos exerce sobre respostas termorregulatórias e o desempenho aeróbio durante exercícios prolongados em ambientes quentes. Teoricamente, as bebidas em baixa temperatura poderiam conferir vantagem fisiológica, agindo como dissipadores de calor ou proporcionando uma sensação agradável, levando à manutenção da ativação do drive central. Combinados, esses mecanismos podem diminuir os efeitos deletérios da elevação da Ti ao desempenho. Mesmo assim, o número de estudos investigando tal hipótese é escasso. Logo, o objetivo deste Ponto de Vista foi examinar se as evidências existentes apoiam a hipótese de modulação da Ti e melhora do desempenho aeróbio a partir da ingestão de bebidas em baixas temperaturas durante os exercícios prolongados realizados no calor. Encontramos grande heterogeneidade na metodologia dos estudos, sobretudo no que diz respeito 1) ao baixo número amostral; 2) à ausência de soluções controle; 3) à falta de padronização do momento de administração dos repositores hídricos; e 4) ao protocolo de exercício utilizado. Isso dificulta o estabelecimento de conclusões definitivas sobre o assunto, e portanto, mais estudos são necessários. Contudo, evidências oriundas de poucos estudos bem controlados sugerem que repositores hídricos em baixa temperatura podem atenuar o aumento na Ti e melhorar a capacidade aeróbia durante a realização de exercícios prolongados no calor.
INFLUÊNCIA DO TREINAMENTO RESISTIDO E DA MATURAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE FORÇA EM ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Franz Josnei , Souza William Cordeiro de , Lima Valderi Abreu de , Grzelczak Marcos Tadeu , Mascarenhas Luis Paulo Gomes
Published: October 2021

O objetivo o estudo foi verificar a relação entre maturação sexual e o desenvolvimento de força em adolescentes. Amostra foi composta por 22 adolescentes (13 e 15 anos). Foram avaliadas à maturação sexual, massa corporal, estatura, IMC, %G, circunferência da cintura e quadril (RCQ), a flexibilidade e a capacidade aeróbia. A força muscular foi avaliada pelo teste de 1RM, nos membros superiores e inferiores. A intervenção com treinamento resistido a 75% de 1RM foi realizada por 8 semanas. Para as análises utilizou-se a estatística descritiva, o teste t de Student e o teste do tamanho do efeito de Cohen. Para todas as análises utilizou-se nível de significância estipulado em p
ACUTE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WARM-UP INTERVENTIONS ON NEUROMUSCULAR PERFORMANCE OF RECREATIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Ide Bernardo Neme , Moreira Alexandre , Schoenfeld Bradley Jon , Lodo Leandro , Santos Audrei Dos Reis , Lopes Charles Ricardo , Aoki Marcelo Saldanha
Published: October 2021

Pre-exercises interventions are frequently implemented in order to maximize athletic performance. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of three distinct pre-exercise interventions on acute neuromuscular performance in recreational soccer players: 1) parallel squat; 2) static stretching; and 3) ballistic stretching. After all interventions, participants performed a flexibility evaluation (sit-and-reach-test), followed by a squat jump, a counter-movement jump and a 30 meter-sprint test. A one-way analysis of variance revealed: a) a significant decrease in jumping performance was induced by both Stretching conditions when compared to the parallel squat intervention; b) a significant increase in lower limb flexibility after both stretching interventions when compared to parallel squat. In conclusion, it is suggested that a pre-exercise intervention comprised of stretching exercises can acutely increase flexibility, while impairing jump performance in recreational athletes.
FUNCIONALIDADE E INCAPACIDADE EM PACIENTES COMPROMETIMENTO MUSCULOESQUELÉTICO
Authors: Wendt Ariane Dos Santos , Chaves Aline De Oliveira , Urtado Christiano Bertoldo , Macedo Adriana Ribeiro , Reis Felipe José Jandre dos , Nogueira Leandro Alberto Calazans
Published: October 2021

A intensidade da dor é considerada um dos fatores importantes na determinação da incapacidade em pacientes com dor musculoesquelética. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as principais limitações das atividades e analisar o grau de incapacidade de pacientes com dores musculoesqueléticas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 160 pacientes com dores musculoesqueléticas encaminhados ao setor de fisioterapia do Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, Rio de Janeiro. Os participantes preencheram questionários auto-aplicáveis para a identificação das características da dor e do nível de incapacidade por região anatômica no momento da avaliação fisioterapêutica. As atividades mais comprometidas foram permanecer sentado, elevar objetos, elevação do ombro acima da cabeça, carregar objetos pesados, correr, permanecer agachado, ler e dirigir, dependendo da região afetada. Houve discreta correlação entre o nível de incapacidade com a intensidade da dor (Rho=0,29; p
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DO PICO DE FORÇA E CONTROLE MOTOR DO MÚSCULO TIBIAL ANTERIOR APÓS CINESIOTERAPIA E ESTIMULAÇÃO NEUROMUSCULAR
Authors: Dos Santos Alves Daziane , Paschoal Prado Rodrigo , Gustavo Braz Allison , Cunha Figueiredo Machado Euller , Assis Moraes Franciane
Published: October 2021

Introdução: O fortalecimento muscular pode ser realizado por exercícios ativos, ativos resistidos e também, a estimulação elétrica neuromuscular (EENM), são algumas dentre as diversas técnicas terapêuticas utilizadas pelo fisioterapeuta. Objetivo: Analisar se existe diferença entre o fortalecimento muscular ativo somente e com associação de Eletroestimulação Neuromuscular no músculo Tibial Anterior em mulheres sedentárias. Métodos: Participaram 18 voluntárias, selecionadas aleatoriamente, divididas em 3 grupos com a mesma quantidade em cada, sendo que o primeiro grupo foi realizado apenas fortalecimento ativo com carga (Cinesioterapia), o segundo grupo realizou o fortalecimento ativo com carga do músculo tibial anterior associado a estimulação com a corrente FES, e o terceiro grupo, fortalecimento ativo com carga associado a estimulação com a corrente Russa. Para avaliação foram coletados o Pico máximo de força e Controle motor através da célula de carga. Resultados: Com relação ao pico de força, o grupo que obteve um melhor desempenho mantendo a média mais próxima do valor anterior foi o grupo que associou a corrente FES, já no controle motor o grupo que teve menor variação após a terapêutica foi o que associou a corrente Russa, seguida da que associou corrente FES porém, apenas 48 horas depois. Conclusão A partir dos dados encontrados neste estudo, conclui-se que a cinesioterapia isoladamente ou associada a eletroestimulação FES e Russa, em uma única intervenção não apresentou diferenças significativas entre os grupos para o pico de força e controle motor.