bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fenomen brexitu w rozważaniach szkoły prawa i ekonomii
Authors: Niedźwiecki Artur
Published: July 2020

The Phenomenon of Brexit in the Considerations of the School of Law and Economics The article addresses the issue of Brexit in the context of economic analysis of law using a qualitative method, namely the textual analysis of selected papers devoted to both the process of secession of Great Britain from the European Union and the aforementioned research school. The hypothesis of this work is as follows: economic analysis of law reveals limited applicability to the exegesis of the Community disintegration mechanisms, including Brexit, which is one of the symptoms of these processes. According to the author, it reveals certain shortcomings in the research procedures regarding the phenomenon of EU decomposition, although, on the other hand, some of its components still remain valid.
Syndrom efektu Lucyfera w polityce międzykulturowej – wnioski dla Europy
Authors: Milczanowski Maciej
Published: July 2020

Lucifer Effect Syndrome in the Intercultural Politics – Conclusions for Europe

Lucifer Effect is a process which progress gradually, slowly usually in mostly imperceptible way. That makes it especially dangerous because the society has just a little ability to identify its symptoms and phases. That is why, even if academics verify their concepts empirically it is always a crucial problem to warn the society of destructive conflict approaching. The paradox of conflict is that it is the fundamental for democracy (different opinions, minority rights etc.) and at the same time can be disastrous for this system and people living in. That paradox makes the “events horizon” very hard to determine and be aware of it. When society pass it, it can be too late to reconstruct the stability and security in short term, and even worst disasters happen. The aim of this text is to present the Lucifer Effect as the example realizing to the society the threats arising from the negative intercultural conflicts.
Stan polskiej demokracji lokalnej w świetle standardów Rady Europy i mechanizmu kontroli przestrzegania Europejskiej Konwencji Samorządu Terytorialnego – aspekty polityczne
Authors: Natanek Mirosław
Published: July 2020

The Condition of Local Democracy in Poland in Light of the Council of Europe’s Standards and the European Charter of Local Self-Government Compliance Monitoring Mechanism. A Political Dimension

In the article, I will discuss a model and a mechanism of the Council of Europe member states’ compliance with the European Charter of Local Self- Government, which was developed by the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe (CLRA). A case study analysis will be based upon investigation of three monitoring procedures launched on Poland so far. The main aim of my analysis is to examine a changing condition of local democracy in Poland as evidenced in periodical assessments carried out by CLRA’s Monitoring Committee. The conclusions resulting from both audit reports and recommendations of relevant Council of Europe bodies addressed to subsequent governments of the Republic of Poland will be assessed.
Ochrona praw konsumenta w Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej w latach 1952‑1989
Authors: Malczyńska‑Biały Mira
Published: July 2020

The Protection of Consumer Rights in the Polish People’s Republic in 1952‑1989

The article, based on the analysis of legal acts and literature on the subject, aims to present the protection of consumer rights in a communist state on the example of the Polish People’s Republic. Selected legal regulations in force in 1952‑1989, whose subjects were consumers, were discussed. The article indicates the dangers faced by consumers shopping in the then Polish state. Attention was also paid to the rights of consumers (including warranty) as well as the real threats to their rights resulting from the properties of the centrally planned economy. The last part of the article fulfills the role of conclusion. It contains considerations on the actual safety of consumers who, in the absence of availability of consumer goods, purchased products and services at inflated prices and of reduced quality.
Interseccions entre imatge, art i tecnologia per a la construcció de coneixements sensibles.
Authors: Ramon Ricard
Published: July 2020

This article analyses the historical connections and repercussions of the photographic image and the growth of new information and communication technologies. It explores the ability of artistic photography to promote thought and knowledge, and to position itself as one of the most important educational media in contemporary culture. It establishes the positions of humanist thinking regarding these technological developments and the role of artistic photography as a trigger of critical thinking, and an alternative to textual discourse. Focusing on this recent groundbreaking evolution, the article also studies the importance of photography in the advancement of technology itself and the possible impact on contemporary culture and on the configuration of thought and collective creativity in the world. Finally, it analyses the importance and the connection that photography, in relation to technology, has with the arts and aesthetics and the role of technology as a driving force behind processes of knowledge creation via images.
«Tristia» (Nostalgia de la muntanya).
Authors: Fullat Octavi
Published: July 2020

In this text, which was started in February 2016 and concluded at the end of summer 2017, professor Octavi Fullat i Genís (Alforja, 1928) emulates Ovid, who during his exile beside the Black Sea wrote a text with the same title of Tristia, sad thoughts and feelings. The piece is offered to readers as a kind of easing of the conscience or testamentary memoir to account for the development and systematics of Fullat’s anthropological, philosophical and pedagogical thought. In fact, the author’s mental universe is marked by three years during the Civil War (1936–1939) when he lived in direct contact with nature. This natural world collided with the technical and scientific civilisation of modern society. As an alternative, he opted for a culturalist solution inspired by biblical tradition and classical culture. According to Fullat, the human being in the abstract does not exist; we can only talk about the historical human, the human who walks through time. Therefore, Fullat’s world view is informed by historicism (Dilthey), phenomenology (Husserl), existentialism (Heidegger), hermeneutics (Gadamer, Ricoeur) and the philosophy of language (Wittgenstein), as well as other sources such as Catholic and Lutheran theology. The text complements Fullat’s book Impertinentes. El desgarro de pensar (Barcelona, 2016), published by the University of Barcelona, and establishes an opening in hermeneutics to negotiate a trail that can take us beyond death without hope. Meanwhile, and during his own wait for the black widow, professor Fullat seeks refuge and solace in reading the Latin classics (Cicero, Seneca) and the bible stories, particularly the books of Job and Ecclesiastes.
Dual-band terahertz polarization converter with high-efficiency asymmetric transmission
Authors: Li Jiu-Sheng , Bai Feng-Qing
Published: July 2020

We present a terahertz wave dual-band polarization converter with near-perfect asymmetric transmission (AT) performance based on anisotropic metamaterial that is composed of a bi-layered subwavelength metal grating sandwiched with symmetrical dual radar structure array. It can achieve high efficiency dual-band polarization conversion and high efficiency AT performance in terahertz region. The results show that the polarization conversion rate (PCR) of the terahertz wave exceeds 99% under the forward (-z)/backward (+z) direction incidence in two terahertz bands from 0.38 THz to 1.34 THz and from 1.40 THz to 2.23 THz with a relative bandwidth of 111.63% and 45.73% respectively. The corresponding AT performance in excess of 0.8 is from 0.60 THz to 1.12 THz and from 1.61 THz to 1.98 THz with a relative bandwidth of 60.47% and 20.61% respectively. Due to the excellent charming performance, the proposed structure has great application potential in terahertz isolator.
Corrientes teóricas en Sociología que han contribuido a la formación de trabajadores/as sociales. El caso de la Escuela de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Barcelona
Authors: López Rodríguez José Antonio , Torralba Roselló Josep Maria
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo expone los principales resultados de una investigación que pretende evidenciar las principales corrientes teóricas provenientes de la Sociología, que han contribuido a la formación de trabajadores sociales, acotado a un estudio de casos, por lo que los resultados que se exponen no pueden ser extrapolables a otras situaciones análogas. Como aportación innovadora se identifican las dimensiones más significativas asociadas a cada una de las corrientes teóricas, lo que permite profundizar en los elementos de la teoría que han sido nucleares en la formación de los trabajadores sociales, en la Escuela de Trabajos Social de la Universidad de Barcelona durante el período de 1955 al 2013. El artículo consta de cuatro apartados: en el primer apartado se expone la pretensión de la investigación, los antecedentes del objeto de estudio y la posición investigadora de la que se parte; en la segunda parte se expone la metodología utilizada, que ha sido la mixta secuencial, se ha elaborado un instrumento métrico multidimensional para el análisis y representación gráfica del contenido de las fuentes primarias y secundarias; en la tercera parte se presentan algunos de los resultados más destacados de la investigación, evidenciando las tendencias teóricas en contextos socialmente indexados y las dimensiones asociadas; para finalizar en el último apartado se exponen las conclusiones.
Assessing the therapeutic potential of APPs⍺ in a tau transgenic mouse model of Alzheimers disease
Authors: Bold Charlotte , Baltissen Danny , Ludewig Susann , Spilger Roman , Rohr Karl , Korte Martin , Müller Ulrike
Published: July 2020

A large body of evidence indicates a neuroprotective and neurotrophic function for APPs⍺ not only in vitro, but also when expressed by AAV vectors in vivo such as in APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice with Aβ-induced pathology. Previously, we could show that APPs⍺ rescued deficits of APP/PS1 in synaptic plasticity and spine density and also reduced plaque deposition. Thus, it is crucial to test a more general applicability of APPs⍺ as a treatment for AD and to assess whether APPs⍺ is also beneficial in mice with tau-induced pathology.
Quality of Work Life of the Administrative Technical Servants in Education: Analysis of a Brazilian Federal University
Authors: Siqueira Paulo Henrique de Lima , Teodoro Bernardo Cintra , Bertassi André Luiz
Published: July 2020

The New Public Management has incorporating private business administration precepts that aim to optimize the public service provision. This model has done the stability of public office more flexible through performance evaluation. So the objective of this study was to know and to evaluate the Quality of Work Life perceptions of the administrative technical servants in education in a Brazilian Federal University. The target population was 540 activity administrative technical servants in education at the Federal University of São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais. Of the 176 respondents, 62.50% were married or in a stable relationship, 93.85% have at least completed Higher Education, totaling 168 individuals, what justify the health services, social assistance and extra benefits dissatisfied by the interviews because they need to support and afford personal and family health. Neutrality / dissatisfaction trends were found in the aspects like personal and professional development, task variety and growth opportunity. It happened because 92% of the respondents have a higher level of education than the job requirement. For the university, it is suggested to include measures to improve people management that involve working methods, autonomy in the execution of tasks, access to commissioned functions and greater participation in decisions regarding tasks.
Private production of a public good in the information age
Authors: Zweifel Peter , XU Xian
Published: July 2020

The objective of this contribution is to model the behaviour of IT specialists who engage in open source activity while on the job thus privately provide a public good.

Both the regular and the social types are assumed to be interested in income and leisure; however, for the social types effective leisure is enhanced by the number of external users, which enhances their intrinsic motivation because the ‘good deed’ can be made known to millions worldwide.

The core finding is that contrary to the regular ones, social type may defy the threat of the employer (higher probability of detection, size of the sanction if detected) by engaging in more rather than less open source work, provided the number of external user is high enough.

This finding suggests that the information age may facilitate the private production of a public good.

The originality of this contribution lies in the prediction that certain type of workers may act against contractual incentives – a rare event in economics.
Employment–Growth Nexus in Uganda
Authors: TURYAREEBA DICKSON
Published: July 2020

Purpose–The purpose of the study is to examine the link between economic growth and employment growth in Uganda.

Methodology–The study adopts the causal relationship research design. Times series quarterly data for the period 2001-2018 are used to study the underlying relationship. Descriptive statistics are generated to describe data behavior and econometric models are developed to estimate short run and long run national employment intensities of economic growth.  A single-equation based Engel-Granger two-step Error Correction Mechanism is used to estimate the coefficients of the empirical model.

Findings– Estimates reveal that whereas employment growth and economic growth show no causal link in the short run, the two variables show a positive and statistically significant causal link in the long run. The long run employment intensity of economic growth is however less than unity, suggesting that Uganda’s long run economic growth is not employment intensive. 

Originality/value-The study results provide empirical evidence on the role of economic growth on employment creation in Uganda while unveiling evidence of jobless growth.

Practical implications- Results suggest that adopting pro-poor and growth inclusive interventions may be prudent for job creation for the Ugandan labour force.
Amount of Vocabulary Required to Grasp Comprehension in a Text
Authors: Albaqshi Jalal H.
Published: July 2020

This study addresses the relationship between vocabulary and reading comprehension and Showing some other factors which affect the comprehension beside vocabulary. A descriptive analysis and correlation test were applied to show why some L2 learners cannot understand a gist of a text though they are familiar to many vocabulary. The sample group in this study consisted of 64 male Saudi learners. They were between the ages of 18 to 22 years old and had been studying English in formal settings for six years in the form of moderate doses of input but not intensive English. This study highlights the percentage coverage of vocabulary in a text rather than the whole learners ‘reservoir of vocabulary in order to understand the general ideas of a text. Results show that L2 learners need to be familiar at least with 62% to 71% of vocabulary in a text to grasp the gist of whole passage. This result helps to write down several implications for researchers and teachers of English as a second and foreign language.
Application of a grey-box modelling approach for the online monitoring of batch production in the chemical industry
Authors: Bouaswaig Ala E. F. , Rahimi-Adli Keivan , Roth Matthias , Hosseini Alireza , Vale Hugo , Engell Sebastian , Birk Joachim
Published: July 2020

Model-based solutions for monitoring and control of chemical batch processes have been of interest in research for many decades. However, unlike in continuous processes, in which model-based tools such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) have become a standard in the industry, the reported use of models for batch processes, either for monitoring or control, is rather scarce. This limited use is attributed partly to the inherent complexity of the batch processes (e. g., dynamic, nonlinear, multipurpose) and partly to the lack of appropriate commercial tools in the past. In recent years, algorithms and commercial tools for model-based monitoring and control of batch processes have become more mature and in the era of Industry 4.0 and digitalization they are slowly but steadily gaining more interest in real-word batch applications. This contribution provides a practical example in this application field. Specifically, the use of a grey-box modeling approach, in which a multiway Projection to Latent Structure (PLS) model is combined with a first-principles model, to monitor the evolution of a batch polymerization process and predict in real-time the final batch quality is reported. The modeling approach is described, and the experimental results obtained from an industrial batch laboratory reactor are presented.
Dissipativer Backstepping-basierter Beobachterentwurf für semilineare Diffusions-Reaktionssysteme
Authors: Schaum Alexander , Meurer Thomas
Published: July 2020

Für gekoppelte semilineare Diffusions-Reaktionssysteme wird die Kombination der Backstepping-Methodik mit Dissipativitätskonzepten im Rahmen des Beobachterentwurfs vorgestellt. Dazu werden hinreichende Bedingungen für die Konvergenz des Beobachters unter Zuhilfenahme des intrinsischen Zusammenhangs zwischen Dissipativität und Lyapunovs direkter Methode hergeleitet. Numerische Simulationen für ein Beispiel nichtlinear gekoppelter, instabiler Diffusions-Reakti-onsgleichungen bestätigen die exponentielle Konvergenz der vorgestellten Verallgemeinerung des Backstepping-Konzepts für verteilt-parametrische Systeme.
Trends and constraints in the production and utilization of cowpea leaves in the arid and semi-arid lands of Kenya
Authors: Owade Joshua Ombaka , Abong’ George Ooko , Okoth Michael Wandayi , Mwang’ombe Agnes Wakesho
Published: July 2020

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) leaves are nutritious indigenous vegetables that are produced and consumed among local communities in Kenya. However, seasonal production limits their utilization. The study investigated the changing trends in the consumption and utilization of cowpea leaves among cowpea producing households in arid and semi-arid land (ASAL) areas. A cross-sectional survey of randomly selected households producing and consuming cowpea leaves was carried out in Eastern and Coastal ASALs of Kenya to determine the trends and constraints in the production and utilization of the vegetable, thus evaluating its efficiency as a food security crop. The average household production in a season was found to be 3.03 ± 0.9 of 90 kg bags. Lesser severity of the constraints, poor soils, drought, lack of access to seeds and massive spoilage with an odds ratio of 0.4, 0.9, 2.0 and 2.3, respectively, significantly (p < 0.05) predicted the production quantities among households, R
2 = 0.21. The study also found that the reliance on own production among households for sourcing the leaves in-season and off-season was 97.5% and 24.9%, respectively. The households consumed the leaves in boiled (87.5%), sundried (27.5%) or blanched (13.6%) forms. Households in the coastal ASALs significantly (p < 0.05) consumed more of dried forms (odds ratio: 3.3) but less of boiled ones (odds ratio: 0.1) than those in the Eastern parts. Households that had more members or a female deciding the food to be bought had significantly (p < 0.05) higher frequency of consumption of cowpea leaves. Marketing challenges, lack of access to inputs and inadequate postharvest technologies for preservation of the vegetables constrained the production and utilization of cowpea leaves. In order to promote the availability and utilization of cowpea leaves both in and out of season, accessibility of good quality seeds and postharvest management are necessary.
A new method to predict anomaly in brain network based on graph deep learning
Authors: Mirakhorli Jalal , Amindavar Hamidreza , Mirakhorli Mojgan
Published: July 2020

Functional magnetic resonance imaging a neuroimaging technique which is used in brain disorders and dysfunction studies, has been improved in recent years by mapping the topology of the brain connections, named connectopic mapping. Based on the fact that healthy and unhealthy brain regions and functions differ slightly, studying the complex topology of the functional and structural networks in the human brain is too complicated considering the growth of evaluation measures. One of the applications of irregular graph deep learning is to analyze the human cognitive functions related to the gene expression and related distributed spatial patterns. Since a variety of brain solutions can be dynamically held in the neuronal networks of the brain with different activity patterns and functional connectivity, both node-centric and graph-centric tasks are involved in this application. In this study, we used an individual generative model and high order graph analysis for the region of interest recognition areas of the brain with abnormal connection during performing certain tasks and resting-state or decompose irregular observations. Accordingly, a high order framework of Variational Graph Autoencoder with a Gaussian distributer was proposed in the paper to analyze the functional data in brain imaging studies in which Generative Adversarial Network is employed for optimizing the latent space in the process of learning strong non-rigid graphs among large scale data. Furthermore, the possible modes of correlations were distinguished in abnormal brain connections. Our goal was to find the degree of correlation between the affected regions and their simultaneous occurrence over time. We can take advantage of this to diagnose brain diseases or show the ability of the nervous system to modify brain topology at all angles and brain plasticity according to input stimuli. In this study, we particularly focused on Alzheimer’s disease.
Assembling Petra's rural landscapes
Authors: Rojas Felipe , Newman Sarah , Nicosia Cristiano , Plekhov Daniel
Published: July 2020

A multidisciplinary project challenges traditional approaches to the rural landscape of Petra in order to understand its agricultural systems and the quantitative and qualitative aspects of a lived landscape.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi (TI) di Taman Kanak-Kanak Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi
Authors: Nadar Wahyuni
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted to describe the results of the analysis of the implementation of IT-based learning at the Bunga Bangsa Islamic Kindergarten Bekasi. The analysis includes the understanding concept of IT-based learning implemented in Bunga Bangsa Islamic Kindergarten, knowing the obstacles in the implementation of IT-based learning there, and describing the strategies carried out in implementing IT learning there. This research was conducted for 3 months with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection is done by interviews, observation, analysis of documents in the form of curriculum documents, lesson plan (RPPH), assessment of children's learning outcomes and documentation of the usege of IT tools in learning there. Data analysis begins by describing the findings of the study and then conducts an objective discussion with a theoretical approach. In this study the learning process was described in the Bunga Bangsa Islamic Kindergarten and the usage of technological tools in various aspects of learning components such as media, learning resources and also as learning support. The learning process is more interesting and not monotonous, thus creating a fun and interactive atmosphere. The constraints found were that there was still lack of teacher references for using IT tools for learning in some activities in specific theme and the lack of teachers' skills in using existing IT tools. Current efforts to overcome these obstacles are by providing various references in the form of videos, books and workshops on the use of IT in learning.
The anxious expectation of man in an era of turbulence
Authors: Panchenko Oleg , Kabantseva Anastasiіa , Serdyuk Irina
Published: July 2020

The modern information space is essentially the main source of information for a person, has a direct impact on his mental activity, on the formation of his social behavior. A person is forced to live in this environment, adequately perceive its realities, taking into account information threats on its part. Awareness of these threats has brought close attention to information security and how to ensure it. It is noted that the problem of psychological security of a person acquires special urgency during social changes, the rapid development of information technology, and the possibility of using various means of influencing the human mind.Scientists examined the issues of psychological safety of an individual in an era of turbulence. In the study of ways to overcome turbulence through the prism of personality traits, the following definition is formulated: "information-psychological turbulence". This unstable state of the human psyche, caused by informational influences, occurs in sudden tides of anger, sadness or despair, a feeling of anxiety, irritation, fear or sadness. The psychological safety of the individual is manifested in its ability to maintain stability in the information environment with certain parameters, as well as with various psycho-traumatic effects, in support of destructive internal and external influences. On the other hand, in emotional expressiveness, intellectual, behavioral variability, the optimal position of the subject in the conditions of the information environment.It has been established that the relevance and necessity of ensuring the information-psychological security of the individual requires an understanding of the role of the concept of "turbulence" in the normal functioning of the human psyche, as well as in the development of pathological processes. Information-psychological security of a person in a causal relationship with turbulence correlates with anxiety phenomena.
Historical principles of the state's establishment and development
Authors: Shkurat Ivan
Published: July 2020

The issue of disclosing the historical foundations of state formation and development constantly needs attention from domestic researchers, which is the purpose of this article.The article is devoted to explaining the historical foundations of state formation and development. The basic theories of the origin of the state, including patriarchal, theological, contractual, organic, theory of violence and materialistic (class) theory, are presented. Based on the analysis of all theories of the origin of the state, it becomes clear that the emergence and development of the state are based on human needs, and its main purpose as a socio-political institute and public administration as an activity is precisely to meet the needs of people. It is found that common to all theories of the origin of the state is that they all recognize the existence of a powerful, organizing power, only different in origin: parental, divine, contractual, organic, violent, power of private property. The main purpose of the state, as a socio-political institute and public administration as an activity that is precisely to meet people's needs, is outlined. The class and general social nature of the state are revealed.The article describes the theory of "stages of economic growth" by Rostow, according to which it can be argued that at the present stage of development, Ukraine is at the third stage of a society that is undergoing a process of shifts and will become a maturing society in the future.The main features of the state as the central institute of the political system are given. It is established that the concept of "state" should be understood as a sovereign political organization that officially represents and covers all the population within a certain territory, has its own tax and monetary system, national legislation, official symbols and has a special apparatus of management and coercion.
Intercultural model of the development of modern cities: a conceptual analysis
Authors: Horpynych Olha , Ibrahimova Zarema
Published: July 2020

The article presents a conceptual analysis of the intercultural model of development of modern cities, with an emphasis on the selection strategy and activity of axiological approach to developing models of modernization of a modern city, marked specific features of urban culture - multicultural, multipolarity interests, values, needs and opportunities for groups. Revealed that about the virtualization of the social space and the introduction of information and communication technologies, which express a qualitative difference between the interaction of the urban population as a unit of sociocultural stratification of the culture of a particular regional community, are determined by particularly significant factors influencing the formation of the modern sociocultural space of a multi-ethnic city. The tendencies of participation in the formation of the sociocultural space of Ukrainian cities by wide circles of the public with the active and consistent participation of citizens in exercising control over cultural policy are characterized and organizational conditions for sustained feedback from the public and authorities. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the practice of sociological support of the development processes of multi-ethnic Ukrainian urban communities in the context of the implementation of the European intercultural strategy are considered. The emphasis is on solving the problems of a sociological study of the needs of the urban community in the information environment and the complication of sociocultural relationships between the subjects of the processes of modernization of the cultural urban environment. The need for a systematic combination of sociological approaches based on the integration of the concepts of the city’s public space, the resource concept of the city, the concept of socialization, the socio-cultural capital of the city, the concepts of sociocultural identification and urban identity is stated. The author 's case was the conclusion that the processes of maintenance practices for the development of multi-ethnic Ukrainian urban communities in the context of the European strategy for intercultural indicate significant prospects of sociological studies of social and cultural development of the Ukrainian regional multicultural cities. The article emphasizes that the following areas are relevant: the development of research criteria for potentially productive sectors of the development of the sociocultural urban environment and the factors of activation of interested social groups in the context of the implementation of strategies and objectives of the concept of interculturalism.
Ashkenazi jews in Azerbaijan: on some problems of ethnic identity in a foreign ethnic environment
Authors: Nazaraliyeva Aygun
Published: July 2020

The article established that the formation and becoming of the ethnic identity of the ashkenazi jews of Azerbaijan is influenced by a number of traditional factors, in particular, family, upbringing and cultural traditions. In particular, the special role of traditions in the formation of ethnic identity among jews is associated with the essential role of judaism in this process. The article also notes that one of the most important elements of ethnic culture and the sustainability of ethnic identity is the mother tongue. The mother tongue of ashkenazi jews is yiddish. It is established that at present the functional significance of yiddish has significantly decreased. The almost complete oblivion of yiddish and the transition of the vast majority of ashkenazi jews of Azerbaijan to the russian language created favorable conditions for the transition of this community to hebrew. In addition to the desire to revive historical memory, the revival of traditional culture and religion, the strengthening of the dominant position of hebrew among ashkenazi jews was also associated with an increase in migration sentiments, the desire of many of them to leave for their historical homeland in Israel. The desire to study hebrew, characteristic of many ashkenazi in Azerbaijan, especially middle and young age, does not mean that this language has become functionally significant for intra-community and everyday communication. For these purposes, the russian language continues to be widely used. For example, while an older generation of ashkenazi jews owned yiddish, the middle generation speaks mainly russian, and the relatively young generation already speaks three languages – azerbaijani, russian and hebrew. In the article, summing up some results of the study of ethnic identity among ashkenazi jews of Azerbaijan, it is stated that, despite the unspoken, and sometimes vowed anti-semitism of the rulers of tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union, ashkenazi jews of Azerbaijan have largely preserved their ethnic identity, traditional holidays and rituals. Moreover, the activity of various jewish schools in Azerbaijan, the education of jewish children in hebrew determines the stability of ethnic identity among various age groups of the jewish population. The stability of the ethnic identity of ashkenazi jews in Azerbaijan is also influenced by such traditional factors as family, upbringing and cultural traditions. It is likely that this is due to the fact that for most jews, following the customs and traditions in everyday life is an important element of the national mentality. Moreover, judaism plays a major role in maintaining ethnic identity among ashkenazi jews.
Metaphorics of "critique of pure reason"
Authors: Yeremenko Oleksandr , Okorokov Viktor
Published: July 2020

An attempt is made to apply metaphorical analysis to certain aspects of the Kant’s work. In other words, can we look at the transcendental teaching of the German thinker using the same method that he himself proposed (or at least used in his work)? A metaphorical reading of Kant's transcendental teaching made it possible to reveal some patterns and trace the linguistic boundaries of his work. With great caution, we only tried to express the idea that Kant's metaphorics is a well-thought-out semantic boundary of its transcendental logic. First of all, we are interested in the field that usually eludes philosophical research – the military metaphor of «Critics of Pure Reason». In our opinion, the metaphorical series is most representative in this work. It was important for us to show that Kant's transcendental method is a fundamental metaphor that stands over arguing philosophers (skeptics, relativists and dogmatists) and makes it possible to give precise and clear laws (boundaries) to a chaotic philosophizing mind. In this approach, the reflexivity of Kantian discourse is revealed (as the eternal debate between the logic of discourse and the metaphysics (metaphorics) of dialectics). That is, in essence, we tried to discover that the transcendental criticism of the mind is just another metaphorical approach that allows us to go beyond the classical (dogmatic and skeptical) mind to find a place for a new (deeper, in par-ticular, phenomenological) the method of immersion in the mind (through the awakening of classical consciousness from "sleep"). It was also important for us to reveal that the metaphorical approach leads to an understanding of the new semantic boundaries of the thinker's creativity, to the understanding that Kant turned out to be not only a outstanding logician, metaphysician and fine connoisseur of dialectics, but also a thinker who perfectly felt the semantic series of formation concepts and was close to the linguistic interpretation of pure reason. Also we seek to show that the metaphorical approach used by Kant allowed him to weigh (foresee) many of the philosophical events of XX century culture. In this context, Kant was not only a critic, but also a visionary of many modern philosophical events.
Characteristics and Numerical Runout Modeling Analysis of the Xinmo Landslide in Sichuan, China
Authors: Yang Longwei , Wang Wenpei , Zhang Nan , Wei Yunjie
Published: July 2020

A catastrophic landslide hit Mount Fugui, Diexi Township, Mao County, Sichuan Province at 05:38:58 on June 24, 2017. This landslide buried Xinmo village, caused 83 deaths and resulted in enormous loss to people’s lives and properties. The Xinmo landslide was an earthquake-induced shattered mountain formed in the epicenter zone of the 1933 Ms7.5 Diexi earthquake (with an intensity of level X) and the strong motion zone of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake (with an intensity of level IX).The landslide mass cut out and slid from a high position, loaded continuously and accumulated at the top of the slope body. Subsequently, the landslide mass was transformed into avalanche debris, which clogged Songpinggou and thus formed a landslide dam, indicating a typical chain disaster of avalanche debris triggered by a ridge-top landslide. The total volume, elevation difference and horizontal distance of the landslide were 1637.6×104m3, 1200 m and 2800m, respectively. The authors of this study identified the disaster-formation mechanism of the Xinmo Landslide based on a field geological survey, remote sensing satellites and the other means. The authors analyzed the disaster characteristics of the landslide source zone, avalanche debris zone and accumulation zone, numerically simulated and comparatively studied the whole process of the Xinmo Landslide movement using DAN-W, i.e., dynamic landslide software, and multiple groups of rheological models. The research findings indicated that the friction model was able to favorably simulate the movement characteristics of various phases of the Xinmo Landslide; this landslide lasted approximately 120 s and had a maximum velocity of movement of 74 m/s. As a result, the friction model and its parameters can be used in similar studies on dynamic disaster effects of ridge-top rock landslides.
LA-ICP-MS Zircon U-Pb dating of Early Jurassic granite basement in Chagan Area of the Northest Guangdong and its geological implications
Authors: Tang Jinhui , Lou Feng
Published: July 2020

Rencha basin is one of the typical Mesozoic-Cenozoic volcanic fault basins in northeastern Guangdong. The borehole data indicate that the basement is mainly composed of Paleozoic metamorphic rocks and Wenxiang granite. At present, the basement granite has been lacking in precise years. In order to discuss its formation age and improve the understanding of the geological evolution of the area, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic dating of Wenxiang granite cores from two boreholes in the Chagan area of the basin is carried out, and the two harmonic ages are 179+1 Ma and 186 Ma, respectively. The results show that the basement Wenxiang granite in Rencha Basin was formed in late Early Jurassic, which is the product of the first volcanic activity of Yanshan. This age not only deepens the understanding of the formation and evolution of Rencha Basin, but also provides new chronological data for the lack of magmatic activity in the Early Jurassic in northeastern Guangdong, China.
Amelias 3, la vida en un asentamiento informal a través de la mirada de cuatro jefas de hogar
Authors: De Sárraga Montoya Alejandro
Published: July 2020

La vida en los asentamientos informales; conlleva una serie de factores que se diferencian de otras formas de convivencia. Algunos son físicos, como la autoconstrucción de vivienda y el uso ilegal de los servicios básicos, otros contienen un carácter social, como el manejo de los conflictos y los actos de solidaridad. Saber cómo es normalmente un día en un asentamiento informal permite comprender las prácticas que se desarrollan en este espacio, las dificultades que afrontan, cuáles son las motivaciones para establecerse en precarios2 y también cómo es su estructura organizacional. A través de la entrevista a cuatro jefas de hogar del asentamiento Amelias 3, se abordarán estos temas.
CONFLICTOS SOCIALES EN EL CAMPO COSTARRICENSE: UNA MIRADA DESDE LA PROTESTA SOCIAL (2014-2018)
Authors: Alvarado Alcázar Alejandro , Martínez Sánchez Gloriana , Fernández Vásquez Daniel
Published: July 2020

En el presente artículo se propone estudiar la dinámica de la conflictualidad sociopolítica en el campo costarricense durante el período 2014-2018. Para esto se utilizan los datos recolectados por la base de datos de acciones colectivas protestas y se concluye que durante el período de estudio, este tipo de conflictualidad se ha articulado alrededor de cuatro ejes: 1) la producción agropecuaria y pesquera; 2) la relación capital-trabajo; 3) el medio ambiente y los recursos naturales; y 4) la tierra-territorio.
Modelado de la cinética de hidratación del frijol Matambú (Phaseolus vulgaris) utilizando un sistema automático basado en análisis de imágenes digitales
Authors: Cubillo Ovidio Valerio , Vargas Elías Guilllermo , Barboza Barquero Luis
Published: July 2020

El frijol común es uno de los cultivos más consumidos en todo el mundo, y de gran importancia para la seguridad alimentaria en América Central. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la velocidad a la cual el frijol Matambú (Phaseolus vulgaris) se expande después del remojo del grano. Se desarrollo un sistema de procesamiento de imágenes digitales automatizado para medir el volumen de grano individual y reteniendo su integridad. La expansión volumétrica se evaluó con modelos Peleg y sigmoides para temperaturas de agua de 20-70 oC. Las ecuaciones de los parámetros cinéticos se describieron como funciones de temperatura utilizando la ecuación de Arrhenius con una energía de activación de 22.410 kJ mol-1. Los resultados obtenidos son potencialmente útiles para futuros estudios sobre propiedades de alimentos, procesos y diseño de envases.
Uso de anclajes FRP en vigas de concreto armado reforzados externamente con bandas CFRP sometidas a cargas cíclicas
Authors: Bazán Jorge L. , Fernández-Dávila Víctor I , Samaniego Juan
Published: July 2020

En Perú existe una demanda creciente de mejorar, ampliar o remodelar la infraestructura existente, que generalmente ha sido diseñada con estándares estructurales menos exigentes que los actuales. Es por esta razón que se utilizan diversas técnicas entre las que se destaca el reforzamiento mediante sistemas FRP (fiber reinforced polymer).

Entre las aplicaciones predominantes de este sistema se tiene el refuerzo a flexión de elementos de concreto armado (CA) tales como muros, losas y en especial las vigas. Durante la aplicación del FRP se pueden presentar diversas interferencias o limitaciones constructivas, lo que ha dado lugar al planteamiento de soluciones prácticas y modernas como el uso de sistemas de bandas de FRP, platinas y barras de FRP, sistemas FRP del tipo NSM, y el uso de anclajes de FRP. Estos procedimientos están contemplados en la guía ACI 440.2R (ACI, 2017), utilizada para la construcción y el diseño de refuerzo externo con FRP.

El presente artículo muestra los resultados sobre la experiencia en laboratorio de cuatro vigas de CA, considerando que solamente tres fueron externamente reforzadas a flexión, además incluye el uso de anclajes hechos de FRP, para desarrollar el comportamiento a tracción de la banda FRP de refuerzo externo.

Los especímenes se sometieron a cargas cíclicas mediante un ensayo cuasi-estático. Los resultados indican que estos elementos, reforzados con bandas y anclajes FRP, poseen una capacidad de resistencia superior a la capacidad nominal a flexión. Además, el comportamiento exhibido durante el ensayo fue estable y sin anomalías inesperadas que se hayan observado.
Toxoplasma gondii infections in pigs from south Benin and assessment of breeders’ knowledge about toxoplasmosis
Authors: Tonouhewa A. B. N. , Akpo Y. , Sessou P. , Salanon C. , Aplogan G. L. , Assogba M. N. , Youssao I. A. K. , Farougou S.
Published: July 2020

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous apicomplexan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, a cosmopolitan zoonosis responsible for abortion and congenital malformation in animals and humans. Pigs can be a reservoir for T. gondii and act as one of the sources for parasite transmission to humans. Currently, there are no data about T. gondii infection in any animal in Benin. After the report of several cases of abortions and reproductive problems in pigs in several livestock farms in the southern region of Benin, this study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of this zoonotic parasite in pigs. A total of 184 pig serum samples have been collected in two municipalities and sent to the laboratory for the detection of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies by ELISA indirect method. The results showed the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG in 23% (IC95 = 22.56–23.44) of pigs (42/184). Age, sex, and race did not seem to affect the frequency of this infection. Moreover, reproductive failure has been reported on many farms. These were cases of stillbirths in 40% of farms followed by neonatal mortality (36%) and abortion cases which were frequently observed in 27% of farms. T. gondii is present in pigs from south Benin and could be responsible for reported abortions in the areas. In addition, the raw and undercook meat of pigs could be important source of Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans from south Benin
Effects of nano-selenium and sodium selenite on SelP, GPx4 and SelW genes expression in testes of broiler breeder roosters
Authors: Jafarzadeh H. , Allymehr M. , Talebi A. , Asri Rezaei S. , Soleimanzadeh A.
Published: July 2020

Fertility is the main element affecting hatchability as an important indicator in breeder flocks’ performance. Roosters’ aging reduces their fertility. Using additives such as selenium helps to delay this reduction through antioxidant properties of Se. Replacing inorganic Se by the nano form in poultry diet improves fertility. The aim of this study was to assess effects of different amount of nano-Se on SelP, GPx4 and SelW gene expression in broiler breeder rooster’s testis. A total of 30 fifty-weeks-old broiler breeder males were randomly divided into five groups including a control group (fed basal diet) and four treatments containing basal diet plus 0.3 mg/kg sodium selenite (1), 0.15 mg/kg nano-Se (2) 0.3 mg/kg nano-Se (3) and 0.6 mg/kg nano-Se (4). The results indicated that mRNA expression levels of SelP, GPx4 and SelW genes increased significantly (p<0.05) after dietary supplementation of nano-Se compared to control and sodium selenite groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of nano-Se was more effective than sodium selenite on mRNA expression level of tested genes.
Improved performance of calcareous sand subgrade reinforced by soilbags under traffic load
Authors: Ding Guangya , Zhou Yijie , Wu Ming , Wang Jun
Published: July 2020

The performance of a subgrade composed of layered soilbags fabricated from polypropylene (PP) woven geotextiles filled with calcareous sands was investigated. Dynamic load tests were performed in an indoor model groove. The vibration acceleration, soil pressure and vertical deformation were analysed, and a vibration attenuation coefficient and deformation reduction ratio were developed. The results showed that the common quartz sand subgrade was softer than the calcareous sand subgrade subjected to traffic loads. The calcareous sand filling subgrade showed different acceleration attenuation features and the soilbag reinforcement reduced the cumulative deformation. Through the combined effects of a woven PP bag and expandable polyethylene foam, the subgrade reinforced with soilbags made from the composite material showed the best performance.