bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación del efecto sobre la estadía hospitalaria a propósito del cambio de tratamiento antibiótico intravenoso a vía oral en pacientes pediátricos apendicectomizados por apendicitis precoz en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell
Authors: Britos Alejandro , Figueredo Emilene , Bonapelch Soledad , Cavalleri Fiorella
Published: November 2024

Objetivos: evaluar el efecto sobre el tiempo de estadía a propósito del cambio de modelo de tratamiento antibiótico en pacientes pediátricos cursando posoperatorio por apendicectomía precoz en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR).Metodología: se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental con grupo de control histórico. La población objetivo estuvo compuesta por niños, niñas y adolescentes cursando posoperatorio por apendicectomía precoz en el Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica.Resultados: se constató una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el tiempo de internación poscirugía entre ambos grupos, diferencia que con una confianza de 95% podría ser por lo menos de 14 horas y como máximo de 33 horas. La magnitud del efecto en el tiempo de internación del grupo que recibió antibiótico vía oral luego de la apendicectomía, respecto de los que recibieron antibiótico por vía intravenosa, fue grande.Conclusiones: la nueva modalidad de tratamiento implementada para el posoperatorio de apendicitis aguda precoz (edematosas y flemonosas) por vía oral se asoció con una menor estancia hospitalaria. Esto conlleva, según los antecedentes existentes, a un menor riesgo de infecciones intrahospitalarias, una menor disrupción del entorno familiar del niño y a un uso más eficiente del recurso cama.
A qualitative study of perceptions and acceptability of unguided internet cognitive behaviour therapy for grieving adolescents
Authors: Egan Sarah Jane , O'Brien Amy , Bills Elizabeth , Pauley-Gadd Sian Belinda , Callgahan Thomas , Raghav Shravan , Payne Nicholas , Myers Bronwyn , Hall Christopher , Wilson Hayden , Eisma Maarten C. , Boelen Paul A. , Smith Kirsten , Wild Jennifer , Duffy michael , Trickey David , Breen Lauren
Published: November 2024

Background. Grief is a common experience in adolescence. Evidence-based therapies are not readily accessible for grieving young people. Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for grief in adolescents has recently been investigated in a pilot randomised controlled trial. Research is required to determine acceptability as this unguided internet intervention incorporates exposure and imagery transformation techniques that are typically delivered by therapists. Aims. The aim of this study was to understand, through qualitative interviews, adolescents’ views about the acceptability of unguided internet CBT for grief. Method. Nine adolescents (M age = 16.44 years, SD = 1.13, age range 14 – 18 years, 55.6% female, 44.4% male) engaged in a post-intervention interview or provided written responses to the interview questions after trial participation. Results. Qualitative content analysis indicated seven themes: positive feedback on the intervention, importance of interactive elements and measuring progress, a broad focus is best, encouraging reflective capacity, facing the loss head on, flexibility and autonomy, and shared experiences to support self-help. Conclusions. The findings suggest that participants experienced the intervention, including exposure and imagery transformation techniques, as an acceptable treatment.
Telephone- and computer-administered instruments in detection of cognitive impairment
Authors: Aaltonen Aino , Saari Toni Tapani , Urjansson Mia , Paajanen Teemu , FinnGen  , Palotie Aarno , Runz Heiko , Kaprio Jaakko , Julkunen Valtteri , Vuoksimaa Eero
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the associations of telephone- and computer-administered cognitive screening instruments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with in-person measurement in a population-based sample of individuals without prior diagnosis of dementia-causing neurodegenerative disease.METHODS: We studied 202 TWINGEN participants (126 women), aged 65–85 years, who had in-person administered Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease neuropsychological battery (CERAD-nb) data. Telephone-administered instruments were telephone assessment for dementia (TELE) and modified version of Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status, and computer-administered instrument was web-based cCOG.RESULTS: Screening instruments exhibited moderate to high correlations with CERAD-nb. In detecting cognitive impairment, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.65 (95% CI [0.53, 0.78]) for TELE to 0.76 (95% CI [0.67, 0.86]) for cCOG. DISCUSSION: Cognitive screening instruments were associated with in-person neuropsychological battery designed for early detection of AD. The results indicate validity of the computerized and telephone-administered tests in population-level.
The Influences of Sensory Quality and Context Congruity on Gaze Perception: Relations with Traits of Psychosis Proneness, Social Anxiety, and Autism in the General Population
Authors: Gu Pan , Blain Scott D. , Lasagna Carly A , Suzuki Takakuni , Burton Cynthia Z. , Thakkar Katharine N. , Kent Jerillyn S. , Tso Ivy Fei
Published: November 2024

The ability to accurately perceive gaze direction is an essential social skill but is impaired across psychopathologies exhibiting social dysfunction (e.g., schizophrenia, social anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder). Disrupted sensory processing and self-referential processing may both lead to aberrant gaze perception, but their respective contributions in different psychopathologies are unclear. A general population sample of 122 participants completed an online psychophysical gaze perception task and a battery of psychopathology traits questionnaires. Participants viewed face images with 9 gaze angles, superimposed with 3 levels (no, low, high) of sensory noise and in 2 (forward, deviated) head orientations, and indicated perceived self-directed gaze (yes/no) to each face. Psychophysical properties of the gaze perception curve (width, threshold) indexed perceptual imprecision and self-referential bias, respectively. Decreased precision was associated with higher autism traits but with lower social anxiety, supporting differential contributions of sensory processing among psychopathology dimensions. Subjects showed decreased precision and increased self-referential bias, when viewing stimuli with added visual noise or incongruent gaze-head directions, resembling the performance observed in patients with schizophrenia in the literature. Additionally, higher levels of social anxiety statistically predicted a greater decrease in precision when sensory noise was added. Experimental findings are discussed in relation to the experimental psychopathology literature and in the context of self-referential gaze perception as an adaptive default in ambiguous contexts. Overall, this work enhances our basic scientific understanding of the cognitive components that contribute to gaze perception, while advancing our knowledge of how these components are disrupted as a function of subclinical psychopathology.
Psychopharmacology and personality disorder: Treatment or enhancement?
Authors: Jerotic Stefan , Kostic Milutin
Published: November 2024

An in-depth examination into the application of psychopharmacology in the treatment of personality disorders highlights the multifaceted debates about using medication for personality enhancement. Proponents argue that underlying biological disturbances might be at the heart of behavioral anomalies, and psychotropics could offer remedies. There's a perspective that positions psychopharmaceuticals as means for self-creation, allowing individuals to align their identities with their aspirations. However, counter-views voice concerns about the potential erasure of one's genuine self and the looming societal push towards medicinal conformity. Additionally, worries about the adverse impacts of medication, including potential long-term detriment, persist. The inclination of society to prioritize personality traits while underestimating situational factors adds another layer of complexity. Central to the discourse is the nuanced relationship between different layers of self—from the intrinsic, embodied experience to the externally influenced narrative identity. Ethical dilemmas, rooted in discussions around personal authenticity versus societal norms and the provocative proposition of perceiving certain personality disorders as moral rather than medical deficiencies, emerge. We emphasize the importance of an individualized, ethically-balanced approach in employing psychotropics for personality disorders.
Is mental effort exertion contagious? A replication study
Authors: Mazza Alessandro , Voorrips Ellen , Hughes Gethin , Desender Kobe , Van den Bussche Eva , Stuyck Hans
Published: November 2024

Daily, we perform activities in the presence of others (e.g., office work). While it's well-established that the mere presence of others can influence our performance, it is less clear whether others' performance, rather than just their presence, influences us. To address this, we performed a replication of Desender et al.’s (2015) study, Is mental effort contagious?, and conducted a second experiment to follow up on our failure to replicate their findings. Desender et al. used a modified joint Simon task where two participants performed side by side. The manipulated participant completed an easy (mostly congruent trials) and a difficult (mostly incongruent trials) block, while the neutral participant completed two neutral blocks (equal proportion of congruent and incongruent trials). They found that the neutral participant mirrored the manipulated participants’ mental effort, exerting more effort when the latter performed a difficult versus an easy task. In both Experiment 1 (exact replication; N = 176) and Experiment 2 (more demanding joint Simon task; N = 120), we failed to replicate this result despite the fact that the manipulated participants adjusted their mental effort as expected. We identified several methodological concerns regarding the original study, such as participants' limited visibility of each other's physiological signs, hindering their ability to infer mental effort. Moreover, the original study’s effect vanished when re-analyzed with a more robust linear mixed model, suggesting their findings may not have been as reliable as initially thought. Our findings underscore the need for rigorous experimental designs and analyses in psychological research.
Authenticity and Social Behavior in Daily Life
Authors: Nielsen Sienna , Vize Colin , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: November 2024

Both self-determination theory (SDT) and contemporary integrative interpersonal theory (CIIT) suggest that state authenticity occurs in social interactions conducive to autonomy and affiliation. However, few studies have investigated associations between state authenticity and interpersonal context. We investigated state authenticity during social interactions as rated on smartphone surveys by a large community sample of adults (N = 493; 21,299 observations). Results from multilevel structural equation models showed that higher state authenticity was associated with higher ratings of one’s own dominance, affiliation, and positive affect, and lower negative affect. Also, higher state authenticity was associated with higher ratings of others’ affiliation and positive affect, lower dominance and negative affect, and higher interpersonal complementarity. Associations between authenticity and interpersonal characteristics held when controlling for affect. Results support SDT and CIIT that state authenticity is associated with social situations in which the individual’s agency and affiliation is complemented by others’ submissive and affiliative behavior.
Scrutinizing the Value and Implementation of Volitional Personality Development at Work
Authors: Hennecke Marie , Ingold Pia V.
Published: November 2024

In this commentary, we discuss Dupré and Wille’s proposal (2024) to consider employees’ personality change goals in the work context. We compare volitional personality development to skill development and call for more evidence to determine the benefits for both employees and organizations in this context. We also put forward that a clearer understanding is required of how job demands influence personality traits and of how these demands interact with and shape the integration of potential complementary personality development training modules. In closing, we provide avenues for future research.
The Urban Land, the Disputed Land: The Land Disputes of Pawirorejo in Surakarta 1982-1985
Authors: Styawan Aris Agus
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The issue of land disputes in urban areas during the New Order era intensified due to the massive use of land for housing needs and to support various development projects. Especially in the late 1970s, land issues had become a major concern in cities at the municipal level. This paper analyzed the causes of land disputes involving the Pawirorejo family in the city of Surakarta. This historical research used archival sources such as trial documents from the Surakarta Court Office, regional statistical data, and newspapers. The study's results suggest that the state-controlled lands in Surakarta, which did not receive full attention, triggered the Pawirorejo land dispute; consequently, the city government's weak control also played a role. Furthermore, land as a commodity with significant value in the city of Surakarta is vulnerable to conflicts, and the adage "land for the people" becomes very difficult to fully realize amidst the strengthening currents of development and the interests of the authorities. Therefore, the use and ownership of land in urban areas, especially state land in Surakarta, require explicit regulation through legal means.
Keywords: The Land Disputes, Pawirorejo, Surakarta, New Order
CATEGORIES OF TEXT LINGUISTICS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS IN STUDYING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Breslavets Nadiia O.
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with the problems of text linguistics as soon as language relations with various aspects of human life, social existence, education, communication, and cultural activity are cognized through the text. The aim of this paper is to establish the regularities of the functioning of the scientific and educational texts with the focus on the study of specific categories of text linguistics. The author considers the issues of text linguistics categorical apparatus united by shared characteristics, the most essential properties, and phenomena of the objective world. The notion ‘category of text linguistics’ as of a meaningful system with the certain structure of the defined category was justified. Insights into such characteristics and properties were provided. Further possibilities for expanding the scope of linguistic research were outlined. They include all linguistic ideas that integrate with interdisciplinary sciences – philosophy, psychology, lexicology, ethics, linguistics, and stylistics. Methods and techniques of research, investigation of the object of the linguistic text: its composition, inner and outer connections, properties and relations, as well as laws of its development were determined. It is emphasized that the specificity of a particular type of activity corresponds to a particular style, which is known through the text and determines the text categories. Scientific and educational texts used in the process of studying a foreign language are characterized with a specific thematic orientation and typical for them logical-syntactic structure. It is this specificity that determines the interest of a certain contingent of students in mastering profession-related types of texts. Important properties of the text – cohesion and coherence – allow establishing connections between the text and its individual structural and semantic components facilitating its perception and understanding. Categories of texts form the students' communication skills and abilities, allowing to interact in the professional sphere and prepare them for realization of own communicative and practical attitudes.
ETIQUETTE VOCATIVES IN FAMILY COMMUNICATION OF RUSSIAN NOBILITY IN THE XIXth CENTURY
Authors: Binbin Shen
Published: November 2024

The article is an analytical research from the standpoint of the latest linguistic knowledge – linguistic pragmatics and cultural linguistics – vocatives as speech etiquette formulas that function in Russian classical prose of the XIXth century. In the article, an attempt was made to comprehensively study such a component of communicative-speech interaction in a family as vocative, or address: considering this category not only as performing a number of important functions in the communication process, but also setting a certain “pattern” of deployment of the entire communicative process, as well as significantly affects the tonality of the latter. Vocatives as components of the process of verbal communication are considered as formulas of speech etiquette, which makes it possible to take into account not only the linguistic characteristics of the category under consideration, but also extremely important semantic increments of social, cultural and other extralinguistic properties. The analyzed fragments of works of art allowed the author to demonstrate that in the noble environment, communication between parents and children took a special place in family communication. The vocatives used in this case almost always have an explicit positive emotional-expressive colouring, which contributes to the formation of the corresponding communication tonality: the tonality of love, tenderness, trust, and the like.
ASSIMILATION OF BORROWINGS IN THE LANGUAGE-RECIPIENT
Authors: Kuvshynova Nataliia M. , Vozniuk Liudmyla A.
Published: November 2024

In the Russian language of the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, the significant part of foreign words were German lexical borrowings. According to the degree of development of the language loanwords recipient traditionally distinguish two main groups of words - assimilated and unassimilated. One of the main bits of  foreign words, allocated according to the degree of assimilation, are actually borrowing assimilated words about the skill that scientists have no disagreements. The only problem in this sense is to hold the line between borrowing and internationalism. Internationalism represented, first of all, in the terminological lexicon. By the terms-internationalism: a) socio-political lexicon: congress, constitution, minister, meeting, party, politics, revolution, republic, resolution, senate, etc.; b) scientific terminology: biology, geography, geodesy, geology, zoology, history, linguistics, mathematics, physics, etc.; c) the technical name: unit, antenna, apparatus, harvester, monoplane, tank, tractor; d) art criticism lexicon: aria, ballet, drama, genre, novella, opera, poetry, tenor, etc. When classifying loanwords must be considered the formal features (assimilation of words in the borrowing language) and functionality (use of words in the borrowing language). According to the degree of adaptation of lexical units in the system of the Russian language-recipient, both full and partial assimilation of the German-language vocabulary is possible. Partially assimilated vocabulary can be divided into the following groups: 1) German vocabulary assimilated at the graphic and grammatical levels; 2) German- language vocabulary assimilated at the grammatical level; 3) German-language vocabulary assimilated at the word-formation level; 4) German-language blotches with preceding and following Russian equivalents. The research is based on actual data obtained by different linguists, and on the results of the author's own observations.
SAVING OF SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES FEATURES IN JOURNALISTIC TEXTS TRANSLATION
Authors: Mozghova Yaroslava O. , Shevchuk Lesya O.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the peculiarities of saving expressive stylistic devices of syntax in the translation of journalistic texts. An overview of the most common ways of rendering expressive stylistic devices in the Ukrainian language is introduced. The connection between the concepts of “expressiveness” and “journalistic text” is clarified, which means that the speaker conveys his / her attitude to both the message and the addressee through the expressiveness of stylistic means. Such syntactic devices of the text expression as rhetorical question, parcelling, parallel constructions, anaphora and epiphora are determined to be the most common in the studied journalistic texts. In addition, the content of the afore-mentioned expressive stylistic means of syntax and the functions, they perform in journalistic texts, are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the features of syntactic stylistic devices rendering in the Ukrainian language. It is noted that in most cases the translation of such stylistic devices of syntax as rhetorical question and parcellation does not cause difficulties; they can be rendered literally. Such a syntactic stylistic device as parallel constructions, used mainly to focus attention on the main idea of the utterance, in most cases, is fully preserved in translated text. However, regarding the stylistic device of anaphora in the target language, used in the source language, there are the cases when its preservation is completely impossible or only partially possible due to the differences in the syntactic organization of English and Ukrainian. The article also reviews the characteristics of the other stylistic devices reproducing, in the translation of which transformations can be quite significant. The prospects for the further research are also outlined.
MUSICAL DIMENSIONS OF QUALITY JUDGEMENTS IN LITURGICAL TRANSLATION
Authors: Shmiher Taras V.
Published: November 2024

The paper is dedicated to the issues of how translation quality assessment can deal with the musical aspects of liturgical praxis. It is not limited to the matters of melody and isosyllabism (which partially overlap with the theory of verse translation), but it has also to cover the issues of functionality, perception and reception (which are integrated in translation sociology and criticism). The study consists of three foci: singability and melody (isosyllabism and local chants, collective and individual creativity), historicism (hidden interpretations, functional censorship) and phonetic and semantic prosody (problems of subjectivist perception, churchly interventions, modulations of poetic texts for liturgical use). The problem of relay translation looks very unusual: although all liturgical texts came from the same language (Patristic Greek), vernacular believers receive their national texts which were translated via the mediating language (Latin or Church Slavonic, or even more languages). The main text of the analysis is the Paschal Troparion (in the Greek, Church Slavonic, Ukrainian, Polish, and English versions), but observations over other various liturgical texts are included. The juxtaposition of the Roman and Byzantine Rites shows how great the role of vocal music is in both rites and how attentively the ecclesiastical authorities cherished the sacred music for the propaganda of ecumenical moral dogmas.
Design as a factor in the development of creative abilities of future journalists in the context of improving the psychological safety of the educational environment of the university
Authors: Doroschuk Elena Sergeevna
Published: November 2024

The design is considered in the context of the formation and maintenance of a psychologically safe educational environment in the preparation of future journalists at the university. Based on the monitoring of the educational process of training journalists and media workers, the peculiarities of the influence of the design process as an educational activity of the student on the formation and development of creative abilities in the humanistic paradigm of education are revealed.
The Impact of acne on the mental health of women and young adults, a case-control multicenter study of 300 patients in Lomé, Togo, West Africa
Authors: Ahloma Lidawouwè
Published: November 2024

Background: This study explores the relationship between acne and anxiety, both common health issues among young adults. Acne, a chronic inflammatory skin condition, can significantly impact an individual's self-esteem and quality of life. Anxiety, characterized by feelings of imminent danger and distress, often exacerbates this impact. While the association between acne and anxiety has been well-studied in developed countries, research in Africa, particularly in Togo, is limited. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted over eight months, from July 2017 to February 2018, in three public dermatology clinics in Lomé, Togo. The study included 300 acne patients, matched with 600 controls based on age (±5 years) and gender. Data were collected through structured interviews, clinical examinations, and validated questionnaires like the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety assessment. Results: Out of 4,126 dermatology patients, 300 (7.3%) consulted for acne, with young adults representing the majority. The study found a significant correlation between acne and anxiety, with a higher prevalence of anxiety among acne patients compared to the control group. Conclusion: The findings highlight the psychological burden and mental health impact of acne in young adults in general and of women, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to acne treatment that includes mental health support integrated in dermatologic treatment. Further research is recommended to explore this relationship in different African cultural contexts.
Hacia una Educación Ambiental Transformadora en un Contexto Rural de Colombia
Authors: Hurtado Loaiza Claudia Viviana
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La educación ambiental ha estado aislada de los contextos locales, al margen de la realidad social de los entornos escolares y comunitarios, muestra vacíos en los contenidos curriculares y una escasa proyección comunitaria.  Metodología: Se ha llevado a cabo una investigación holística de corte cualitativo, permitiendo analizar situaciones complejas con componentes sociales, políticos y humanos. Resultados: Los procesos educativos rurales y el conocimiento local son fundamentales para crear propuestas educativas contextualizadas y conectadas con el entorno. La educación ambiental puede enriquecerse con elementos locales para generar aprendizaje significativo, sugiriendo la integración con las comunidades escolares para mejorar las condiciones de vida y valorar el conocimiento y las prácticas culturales del territorio. Discusión: Es fundamental una educación ambiental transformadora que integre el contexto local y los conocimientos comunitarios, para superar la tradicional desconexión entre la educación formal y la realidad rural, con el fin de fomentar un aprendizaje significativo y contextualizado. Conclusiones: la educación ambiental transformadora enfatiza en los vínculos humanos con su territorio y en prácticas educativas que fomentan la participación ciudadana para la transformación social y la gestión interdisciplinar. Es necesario incluir estrategias metodológicas y pedagógicas en los proyectos educativos institucionales para lograr una educación contextualizada.
Innovación y Resiliencia en la Facultad de Turismo y Mercadotecnia ante la Pandemia: Estrategias y Aprendizajes en la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México
Authors: Ramírez Torres Margarita , Martin Galindo Edith
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, la Facultad de Turismo y Mercadotecnia (FTyM) de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) tuvo que adaptar sus métodos de enseñanza para garantizar la continuidad educativa. Con el respaldo del Centro de Investigación para el Aprendizaje Digital (CIAD), se implementó el Plan de Continuidad Académica (PCA), cuyo objetivo fue mantener la calidad de la educación en un contexto de emergencia sanitaria. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología de enfoque mixto, combinando técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas. La fase cuantitativa consistió en un cuestionario electrónico con 84 registros, dirigido a entender el comportamiento académico de los estudiantes durante la pandemia. La fase cualitativa incluyó observaciones y entrevistas para explorar las percepciones y experiencias del personal docente, administrativo y estudiantil en la modalidad virtual. Ambas fases permitieron realizar una reflexión integral sobre el proceso de adaptación. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las estrategias implementadas, tales como el rediseño de la planeación académica en la plataforma Blackboard, la capacitación intensiva de docentes en competencias digitales, los programas de apoyo a la salud mental y las tutorías para estudiantes, fueron efectivas en la mitigación de los efectos adversos de la pandemia. Además, se ajustaron los procesos administrativos para facilitar la operatividad en modalidad remota. Discusión: La transición hacia la educación en línea representó un desafío significativo para la FTyM. Sin embargo, las estrategias de capacitación y apoyo implementadas, respaldadas por el PCA y el CIAD, demostraron ser efectivas para enfrentar las limitaciones y dificultades que presentó la modalidad virtual. La combinación de estrategias de apoyo académico y administrativo permitió no solo una respuesta a corto plazo, sino también el fortalecimiento de una gestión educativa más resiliente. Conclusiones: La experiencia de la FTyM durante la pandemia subraya la importancia de contar con una infraestructura de apoyo adaptable y flexible. Las medidas implementadas no solo lograron mitigar los efectos de la crisis sanitaria, sino que contribuyeron a fortalecer una gestión educativa proactiva, mejor preparada para enfrentar futuros desafíos similares. La continuidad y expansión de estas estrategias pueden ser clave para una educación más resiliente y eficiente.
Ai solutions for digital diagnostics of diseases of grain crops (using the example of Pyrenophora teres of winter barley)
Authors: Arinichev I. V. , Arinicheva I. V. , Volkova G. V. , Yakhnik Y. V.
Published: November 2024

The aim of the research is to justify the feasibility of using digital intelligent technologies in forecasting the development of spot blotch in winter barley. The AI solution developed is a binary decision tree capable of predicting scenarios of net blotch development: depressive, moderate, and epiphytotic. To configure the algorithm’s parameters from 2021 to 2023, field and laboratory experiments were conducted at the Federal Scientific Center for Biological Plant Protection. The data preparation involved several stages, including setting up field plots to create an artificial infection background, preparing an inoculum, sowing highly susceptible and resistant winter barley varieties, and artificial inoculation. The selected input factors included the observed degree of leaf damage, type of variety resistance, vegetation phase at the time of primary infection, average relative air humidity during the vegetation phase of infection. The total sample size comprised 144 observations. The trained model demonstrated high classification accuracy on both the training and test datasets, with an accuracy rate exceeding 96 %. Based on a statistical assessment of the factors influencing the development of spot blotch in barley, it is shown that the most influential factor is the current degree of leaf infection (74,3 %), followed by the average relative air humidity (11,9 %), the variety’s resistance to the disease (10,4 %), and the stage development during which infection occurred (3,4 %). The proposed solution holds significant practical importance as it provides new opportunities for the diagnostic process of spot blotch in winter barley. Among these are high diagnostic speed, accuracy in forecast predictions, and applicability in field conditions.
Modeling of the exoplanet HAT-P-11b magnetosphere
Authors: Belenkaya E. S. , Alexeev I. I. , Kalegaev V. V.
Published: November 2024

Based on the available data on the magnetic field of the star HAT-P-11 and its closest exoplanet HAT-P-11b, as well as information on the stellar wind in this system, we construct the HAT-P-11b magnetic field magnetospheric model. We show how the value and orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field control the magnetospheric structure. Each component of the stellar wind’s magnetic field creates a specific type of reconnection with the exoplanet’s magnetic field.
Seasonal dynamics of sporophore formation of Myxomycetes in Polistovo-Lovatskaya bog system (Pskov and Novgorod regions, Russia)
Authors: Gmoshinskiy V. I. , Borzov N. I. , Bortnikov F. M. , Matveev А. V.
Published: November 2024

We investigated the seasonality of myxomycete fruiting body formation under natural conditions in the field during four years in the Polistovo-Lovatskaya bog system (Northwestern Russia). It was shown that the species diversity of myxomycetes peaks in mid-summer and gradually decreases afterwards. The species composition of myxomycetes varies depending on the season. There were five phenological groups distinguished: summer, early autumn, late autumn, spring and species without pronounced periods of mass formation of fruiting bodies. It is shown the list of identifiable taxa may significantly vary in different years and there are widespread species that do not form sporophores every year. Thus, when conducting field studies, it is necessary to make observations over several years and throughout the entire snowless period.
Racial composition and variability of the ToxA gene in geographically distant populations of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
Authors: Mironenko N. V. , Orina А. S. , Kovalenko N. М. , Zubko N. G.
Published: November 2024

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis causing the tan spot of wheat produces specific necrotrophic effectors Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB and Ptr ToxC, inducing necrosis and chlorosis on the leaves of susceptible varieties. Based on the ability of P. tritici-repentis strains to produce specific necrotrophic effectors or their combinations, the eight races of the pathogen are distinguished. Monitoring the race composition of P. tritici-repentis populations is necessary to assess the evolutionary potential of the pathogen and develop a methodology for breeding wheat cultivars with long-term resistance. We analyzed 179 monoconidial P. tritici-repentis strains from Kazakhstan and Russia populations in 2020–2022. The widespread distribution of races 2 and 4 was revealed, strains of which were present in each analyzed P. tritici-repentis population with a frequency of 2–36% and 7–82%, respectively. The dominance of avirulent race 4 was noted: the strains of this race accounted for 27% of all analyzed P. tritici-repentis strains. Molecular identification of the ToxA and ToxB genes, as well as toxb, a homolog of the ToxB gene, in 118 P. tritici-repentis strains from six populations revealed the presence of the ToxA gene in 69% of the analyzed strains. The ToxB gene was not detected in any strains, while the toxb gene was found sporadically and was identified in the genome of 18 P. tritici-repentis strains (9%), most of which were avirulent and belonged to race 4. In PCR with specific primers for ToxA gene of ten P. tritici-repentis strains a product of ≈ 800 bp was amplified, which turned out to be significantly larger than expected. This was explained by the presence of an insertion in the amplified region of the ToxA gene. All P. tritici-repentis strains with the ToxAL were assigned to races 4 and 5, which do not form the necrotrophic effector Ptr ToxA. The structure of the ToxAL gene and its protein product is the subject of further research.
Fluctuations of correlation estimations in digital communications on the base of noise random signals with time Window
Authors: Kalinin V. I. , Byshevski-Konopko O. A.
Published: November 2024

A statistical analysis of correlation fluctuations during information transmission using spectrum spreading based on continuous noise signals with spectral modulation was carried out. Discrete information is introduced as a result of the interference of the reference noise signal and the delayed noise signal, which is modulated by binary symbols of opposite sign. A numerical calculation of correlation and spectral characteristics during information transmission in a channel with additive Gaussian white noise was carried out. An asymptotic limitation has been discovered for the deviation of correlation fluctuations due to intra-system interference. The possibility of reducing fluctuations of the correlation effect when transmitting information based on continuous noise signals with time windows is shown.
Method for monitoring background concentration of methane over large areas using solar radiation
Authors: Grigor’evskiy V. I. , Tezadov Ya. A. , Pavel’ev A. A.
Published: November 2024

The results of measurements of the background concentration of methane in the atmosphere using the Sun as a radiation source are presented. It was found that, along with random errors, it is necessary to take into account the systematic error caused by the influence of extraneous factors on measurements of the methane background concentration when sounding at small angles to the horizon, when the length of the path increases noticeably. It is assumed that a possible influence on the magnitude of the systematic error is the scattering of light by aerosols and other impurity particles present in the atmosphere. The proposed method for monitoring the methane background makes it possible to carry out measurements over long periods of time over large areas with a relative accuracy of a few percent.
Cryogenic bipolar low noise dc amplifier for low frequency applications
Authors: Novikov I. L. , Vol’khin D. I. , Vostretsov A. G.
Published: November 2024

A low-noise bipolar differential dc amplifier was studied at temperatures of 300 and 77 K. It was shown that to ensure the best amplifier performance in terms of noise figure when the operating temperature decreases from 300 to 77 K, it is advisable to use the transistor in the mode of low currents not exceeding 2 mA. It has been established that lowering the operating temperature to 77 K leads to a decrease in the input resistance of the amplifier from a value of several kiloohms to 100 Ohms, the dynamic range increases from 80 to 85 dB, and the harmonic coefficient increases from 0.09% to 1%. In addition, lowering the operating temperature to 77 K has a significant effect on the noise properties of the amplifier: the spectral density of voltage noise decreases from 1 to 0.4 nV/Hz1/2, the spectral density of current noise increases from 2.5 to 9 pA/Hz1/2, while also The threshold frequencies of 1/f noise increase: for voltage from (0.1...10) to 20 Hz and for current from (10...100) to 1000 Hz. The possibility of using an amplifier for low-temperature measurements of samples with low input resistance is substantiated.
Effect of Aminophenol and Amino Acids Derivatives on the Level of Nitrosyl Radical and Its Active Forms In Vitro
Authors: Ovsyannikova E. M. , Burko A. A. , Ksendzova G. A. , Sorokin V. L. , Karankevich E. G. , Yurkova I. L.
Published: November 2024

The effect of aminophenol, amino acids and their derivatives on the level of •NO and its intermediates (•NO2, N2O3) in an aqueous aerobic media (pH = 7.4) was studied using nitroprusside as a •NO donor. It was found that the highest NOx scavenging activity is exhibited by 3-aminophenol (IC50 = 0.11 mM), 2-aminophenol (IC50 = 0.195 mM) and 4,6-di-tert-butyl-2-aminophenol (IC50 = 0.12 mM), standards: trolox (IC50 = 0.19 mM) and ascorbate (IC50 = 4.88 mM). Methylation of the OH group reduced the effectiveness of aminophenol. In the studied concentration range (0–70 mM), Tyr-Ala (IC50 = 5.0 mM) and β-Ala-His (IC50 = 35.0 mM) were more active than Phe-Ala (IC50 50 mM) and Gly-Gly (IC50 50 mM). Complexes Cu(Gly)2 and Cu(Gly-Gly)2 at low concentrations (0.05–0.5 mM) are 1.4–1.8 times more effective than Gly and Gly-Gly.
Heteronuclear Glycinate Complexes of Fe(II), Fe(III) and Co(II), Their Model Parameters
Authors: Bobonazarzoda G. B.
Published: November 2024

The system Fe(II)–Fe(III)–Co(II)–Gly–H2O was studied by the Clark–Nikolsky oxidation potential method at a temperature of 298.15 K, ionic strength of the solution [Na(H)CIO4] I = 1.0 mol/l. The formation of mononuclear and heteronuclear compounds of various compositions in the system was found: [FeHL(H2O)5]3+, [Fe(HL)2(H2O)4]3+, [Fe(HL)(OH)(H2O)4]2+, [СoL(H2O)5]+, [FeIIIСoIIL(H2O)11]4+, [FeIIIСoII(L)2(H2O)10]3+, [FeL(H2O)5]+, [Fe(HL)2(H2O)4]2+, [Fe(HL)(OH)(H2O)4]+ and [Fe(HL)(OH)2(H2O)3]0. The stability and model parameters of coordination compounds were calculated by the Yusupov oxidation function iteration method, and their coordination compound distribution diagrams were constructed. It was found that the heteronuclear complex [FeIIIСoIIL(H2O)11]4+ is the most stable, with an accumulation degree of 99.50%, and exists up to pH = 9.5.
Space use and seasonal migrations of the wild forest reindeer (rangifer tarandus fennicus (Lönnb. 1909)) in the republic of Karelia
Authors: Panchenko D. V. , Tirronen K. F. , Danilov P. I.
Published: November 2024

The results of studying the space use and seasonal migrations of the Topozero territorial group of wild forest reindeer females in the Republic of Karelia are presented. Telemetry (GPS-collars) was used to assess the migration of the wild forest reindeer. Individual variations were noted in seasonal migrations: two individuals were relatively sedentary, whereas the third moved long distances during the year, with the distance between the extreme locations amounting to more than 70 km. The timing of the start of seasonal migrations varied between years. The use of the same summer habitats in different years was revealed, but the territories of the rut and winter pastures were different for the same animals. Movements of animals over fairly long distances have been noted, which is probably associated with the disturbance factor on the part of predators and/or humans.
Some traits of ecology and demography in settlements of the common hamster (cricetus cricetus, cricetidae, rodentia) under different levels of environmental comfort in a Simferopol city park
Authors: Zaytseva E. A. , Tsellarius A. Y. , Kuptsov A. V. , Cellarius Th. A. , Surov A. V.
Published: November 2024

The spatial and demographic structure of two common hamster settlements was studied in two adjacent areas in a park of Simferopol City, Crimea, one differing in a lower vegetation storey (protective factor) while the other in the frequency of human visits (disturbance factor). We counted environmental comfort as the sum of scores (on a ten-point scale) of safe conditions (positive value) and disturbance factors (negative value). A strong positive relation was found between environmental comfort and the following characteristics of the settlements: (a) the number of burrows per area unit; (b) a nonrandom number of aggregative burrows; and (c) the percentage of juveniles in the population. The seldom visited places with a dense cover of grass and bushes appear to be the most favorable habitats, yet these are not typical of an urban landscape. However, it is those places that seem to serve as the sources that support the existence of hamster populations in less favorable city territories. Preservation of such places is one of the essential factors determining the survival of urban populations of the hamster.
Spongillidae (Porifera, Spongillidae) in the Subarctic of Western Siberia
Authors: Gerasimova А. А. , Sharapova Т. А. , Gerasimov А. G.
Published: November 2024

When studying the zooperiphyton of reservoirs and watercourses in the Subarctic of Western Siberia, freshwater sponges were identified. The research was carried out in areas of the southern tundra and forested tundra belts, which in turn were conditionally divided into three zones: western, central and eastern. In total, the research covered 40 reservoirs and watercourses. Three species of sponges have been found: Spongilla lacustris, Ephydatia muelleri and Ephydatia fluviatilis. The most common species is S. lacustris, E. muelleri being less common, vs E. fluviatilis which occurs only occasionally. The maximum numbers of species and their occurrence were noted in forested tundra water bodies. Linear measurements and a dimensional analysis both of gemmules and elements of the skeleton of the sponges were carried out. A tendency was revealed to a decrease in size of the skeletal structures of the studied biological material in comparison with literature data.
Morphological, ecological and genetic characteristics of the sandy sculpin (Leocottus kesslerii, Cottidae) from the lakes Baikal, Arakhlei and Gusinoe, Transbaikalia
Authors: Rusinek О. Т. , Mikheev I. Е. , Annenkova N. V. , Sukhanov А. А. , Sideleva V. G.
Published: November 2024

Studies on local forms of the Sandy sculpin, Leocottus kesslerii, in the lakes Baikal, Arakhlei and Gusinoye show that the differences between lake forms in terms of external morphology lie in the head length to width ratio. In the Baikal form, the head is wider than long, vs the opposite in both Apakhlei and Gusinoe forms. In the Baikal and Gusinoe forms, there is a gap between the dorsal fins, a gap being absent from the Arakhlei form and the dorsal fins are in touch with each other. In the Arakhlei form, the anal fin is long (37.4–43%, on average 39.3% SL). In the Baikal form, the length of the A base reaches 32.9% SL (29.0–34.5%). In the Baikal and Arakhlei forms, small and sparse bone prickles are present on the body, these being large and dense in the Gusinoe form. The differences identified show a low level of morphological isolation of the forms. More significant differences are established in ecological features: growth rate, food spectrum, reproductive characteristics, and fecundity values. The differences in ecological features are due to the adaptation of the Sandy sculpin forms to specific conditions of the lakes they inhabit. Studies on genetic differentiation were carried out using the control region (CR) of mtDNA. The study forms of the Sandy sculpin revealed weak genetic isolation. The p-distances between the L. kesslerii forms averaged from 0.33 ± 0.12 to 0.51 ± 0.24%. Such low values of genetic distances clearly lie within the limits of intraspecific variability. The data obtained on the morphological, ecological and genetic differentiation of lake forms of the Sandy sculpin show that fish from the lakes Baikal, Arakhlei and Gusinoe belong to the same nominative subspecies, Leocottus kesslerii kesslerii.