bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Interventional IBD in Management of Ulcerative Colitis(UC)-Associated Neoplasia and Post-Operative Pouch Complications in UC: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pal Partha , Banerjee Rupa , Ramchandani Mohan , Nabi Zaheer , Nageshwar Reddy Duvvuru , Tandan Manu
Published: September 2022

Interventional inflammatory bowel disease (IIBD) is going to play a major role in complex IBD including ulcerative-colitis associated neoplasia (UCAN) and postoperative complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in ulcerative colitis (UC). We performed a literature search in PubMed using keywords such as “UCAN” and “endoscopic management of pouch complications,” After screening 1221 citations, finally, 91 relevant citations were identified for the systematic review. Endoscopic recognition of dysplasia should be done by high-definition white light endoscopy (HD-WLE) or dye-based/virtual chromoendoscopy (CE) especially in known dysplasia or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Endoscopically visible lesions without deep submucosal invasion can be resected endoscopically with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or using full-thickness resection device (FTRD). Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) and IIBD have an emerging role in screening, diagnosis, and management of colitis-associated neoplasia in UC and can avoid colectomy. IIBD can manage a significant proportion of post-IPAA complications. Pouch strictures can be treated with endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) or stricturotomy, whereas acute and chronic anastomotic leak or sinuses can be managed with through the scope (TTS)/over the scope clips (OTSC) and endoscopic fistulotomy/sinusotomy.
Cardiac Arrest Following Central Neuraxial Block
Authors: S. Kulkarni Sadhana , S. Futane Savani
Published: September 2022

Central neuraxial blocks (CNB) are used worldwide in anesthesia practice. They are safe, however, not devoid of untoward complications. Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the major devastating complications. The anesthesiologists are concerned about CA as it can occur unexpectedly and suddenly even in a young ASA grade I patient, undergoing elective surgery, at any time during and after administration of CNB in spite of continuous vigilance. A better understanding of the physiology of CNB, availability of monitoring devices, and safer local anesthetic drugs contribute to reduced mortality, yet cases of CA are reported even recently. These case reports provide information relevant to particular incidents and may be inadequate to provide comprehensive information to explain the overall clinically important aspects related to CA following CNB. This chapter would provide a summary and analysis of the current recommendations about etiology, predisposing factors, preventive measures, and various measures tried for the treatment of cardiac arrest, although the exact etiology and predisposing factors are still not known. The comprehensive information would be helpful for anesthesiologists during day-to-day practice and to increase the safety of patients undergoing CNB. Proper patient selection, pre-/co-loading of fluids, the modifying technique of CNB as per patient’s need, early use of epinephrine during bradycardia refractory to atropine, continuous monitoring, vigilance during intra- and postoperative period would help in prevention, early detection, and prompt treatment of CA. Challenges faced by anesthesiologists during CNB practice and newer modalities used for the treatment of refractory CA are also discussed. The mystery of sudden unexpected CA is yet to be solved and research in this direction is warranted. Electronic medical record keeping and reporting untoward incidence to the national board will also help to improve patient safety in the future.
Research on the Design of Interactive Games of Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on HTML5
Authors: Zhou Jie , Kong Ziyi
Published: September 2022

In the context of digitalization, it is particularly effective to export and disseminate cultural content in the way of game interaction. In particular, the emergence of HTML5 new communication carrier is favored by the digital display and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage in a more lightweight way and accepted easily by users. It can not only show difficult and old content, but also add interest and audio-visual interaction through small games. This chapter discusses this topic. Firstly, this chapter analyzes the interactive characteristics of the current functional intangible cultural heritage games applet based on HTML5,and summarizes its technical characteristics. Secondly, it makes a case analysis about the interactive framework of intangible cultural heritage games based on HTML5. Finally, it refines and summarizes the main art design process of HTML5. The chapter is committed to giving full play to the advantages of HTML5-based large user base, convenient communication, and open operation mode, so as to meet the users’ experience of intangible cultural heritage and game interactive experience, so as to promote the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.
Malaria Diagnostics
Authors: Mhlanga Nikiwe , Van der Walt Hendriëtte
Published: September 2022

The imminent scenario of malaria burden on endemic regions burdens healthcare and is a threat to non-endemic regions. Microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) remain the gold standard for malaria detection in resource-constrained regions. They still present low sensitivity at low parasite density, however, with microscopy also requiring trained personnel, expensive and time consuming. Affordable, rapid, specific, sensitive and simple malaria diagnostics remain elusive. Molecular-based diagnostics, polymerase chain reaction and loop-mediated isothermal amplification, although highly sensitive even at low parasitemia, still have challenges hindering their use in resource-constrained regions. This chapter discusses the conventional microscopy, spectroscopy, RDTs and molecular platforms in malaria detection. It also highlights current interventions on mitigations of their existing hurdles and adaptability to developing regions. Such inventions include the amalgamation of different techniques, nanotechnology and artificial intelligence.
Emerging CRISPR Technologies
Authors: Cassidy Annelise , Pelletier Stephane
Published: September 2022

The discovery and implementation of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR associated (Cas) systems for genome editing has revolutionized biomedical research and holds great promise for the treatment of human genetic disorders. In addition to the popular CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cpf1 systems for genome editing, several additional Class I and Class 2 CRISPR-Cas effectors have been identified and adapted for genome editing and transcriptome modulation. Here we discuss current and emerging CRISPR-based technologies such as Cascade-Cas3, CRISPR-associated transposases (CAST), CRISPR-Cas7–11, and CRISPR-Cas13 for genome and transcriptome modification. These technologies allow for the removal or insertion of large DNA elements, the modulation of gene expression at the transcriptional level, and the editing of RNA transcripts, expanding the capabilities of current technologies.
Computationally Efficient Kalman Filter Approaches for Fitting Smoothing Splines
Authors: Parker Joel , Zhang Yifan , J. Lafleur Bonnie , Sun Xiaoxiao
Published: September 2022

Smoothing spline models have shown to be effective in various fields (e.g., engineering and biomedical sciences) for understanding complex signals from noisy data. As nonparametric models, smoothing spline ANOVA (Analysis Of variance) models do not fix the structure of the regression function, leading to more flexible model estimates (e.g., linear or nonlinear estimates). The functional ANOVA decomposition of the regression function estimates offers interpretable results that describe the relationship between the outcome variable, and the main and interaction effects of different covariates/predictors. However, smoothing spline ANOVA (SS-ANOVA) models suffer from high computational costs, with a computational complexity of ON3 for N observations. Various numerical approaches can address this problem. In this chapter, we focus on the introduction to a state space representation of SS-ANOVA models. The estimation algorithms based on the Kalman filter are implemented within the SS-ANOVA framework using the state space representation, reducing the computational costs significantly.
On an Approach to Knowledge Management and the Development of the Knowledge-Вased Multi-Agent System
Authors: Zaytsev Evgeniy , Nurmatova Elena
Published: September 2022

The chapter discusses the architecture of the Knowledge-Вased Multi-Agent System (KBMAS) and describes the software agent models. The purpose and functional organization of the system software agents used for planning and management of computing resources of the KBMAS are considered. An approach to the applied software agent’s development that integrates knowledge-based reasoning mechanisms with neural network models is proposed. The structure of the problem-oriented Multi-Agent Solver, including groups of reactive and cognitive software agents used to solve complex ill-formalized problems, is considered. The interaction diagram of reactive agents and the states and transitions diagram of cognitive agent of the computing node are given. The control scheme is shown that includes methods for determining the availability of microservices used by agents, reliability assurances and coordinated operation of the system’s computing nodes. The method of reinforcement learning, the system of rules (productions), and the queries to the knowledge base are described. Methods of distribution of software agents in the KBMAS computing nodes, as well as construction of an optimal logical structure of the Distributed Knowledge Base, which has minimal information connectivity and ensures effective operation of the system on multicomputers, are proposed.
The Japan Obstetric Compensation System for Cerebral Palsy: Novel System to Improve Quality and Safety in Perinatal Care and Mitigate Conflict
Authors: Ushiro Shin
Published: September 2022

The Japan Obstetric Compensation System for Cerebral Palsy was launched in 2009 in response to a shortage of obstetricians and a surge in disputes. The system is characterized by the provision of no-fault compensation, investigation, and prevention. We have certified more than 3000 cerebral palsy cases for compensation and have delivered investigative reports, prevention reports, and educative media for professionals and expectant mothers. We have also produced recapitulation of individual investigative report to be uploaded on the webpage of the system to enhance transparency. The disclosure is reviewed to be consistent with lately revised Personal Information Protection Law in 2020. In order to expand the system by revising eligibility criteria, the system was and will be reviewed in 2015 and 2022. The new criteria that were crafted in ad-hoc committee in 2019–2020 will be applied in 2022 and later. As such, the system has been a significant part of perinatal care delivery system in Japan.
Measuring Well-Being in School and University: Approaches and Challenges
Authors: Kanonire Tatjana , Kulikova Alena , Orel Ekaterina
Published: September 2022

Measurement of students’ well-being has become a significant issue as the paradigm of education outcomes has switched from just academic achievement to a holistic personal development. Nowadays different approaches to assess and to describe well-being in different age groups and contexts exist. All of them have some strengths and limitations that will be discussed in the following chapter. There are some major challenges that researchers and practitioners are facing: the amount of information that could be provided by existing instruments, the possibility to compare results in well-being dynamics, and the ways of presenting results to the participants and institutions for practice improvement. Addressing these approaches and challenges, we are going to discuss international research and practices as well as our own experience of well-being large-scale assessment. Some decisions for research and practice will be provided.
The Challenge of Sustainability: A New Covenant for Humanity
Authors: Ben Pazi Hanoch
Published: September 2022

Never has humanity experienced so palpably and unambiguously a feeling of collective fate. The common experience of facing danger and suffering disrupts our faith in life and evokes questions of meaning and existence. Humanity facing the challenge of sustainability: global warming, climate change, new viruses, pandemics, and the new technology – Artificial Intelligence. From East to West, people find themselves in fear and exposed to the questions of their fate and real suffering. Nature demands that humankind join hands in the battle against ecological problems. The awareness of the collective fate that has been forced upon us, has the potential to mark a new kind of partnership for humanity as a whole. Jewish tradition tried to teach human beings that their mission in life is to turn fate into destiny, to turn a passive existence into an active one – to move from being an object dictated to by powers greater than he or she, to a subject who determines his or her own path and meaning in the world. The readiness of humanity to enter into the covenant of fate—the willpower of individuals to take responsibility for the community, to join together in times of distress, out of a sense of obligation and responsibility—is worthy of honor and recognition.
ECMO for Respiratory Failure in the Patient with Advance Lung Disease: A Bridge to Recovery or Decision
Authors: M. Crespo Maria , A. Bermudez Christian
Published: September 2022

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has clear benefits in patients with acute cardiopulmonary failure. However, selecting patients who will benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can be a challenge and remains a hurdle for clinicians today. An increased concern when considering ECMO therapy is whether the patient will recover enough function and be able to be weaned from ECMO support and survive to discharge or undergo lung transplantation and specially on whether to extend extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to recovery in those with concerns of a meaningful recovery or as a bridge-to-decision (BTD) for patients whose criteria for lung transplantation are unknown. In addition, ECMO is a resource-intensive form of lung support that requires significant institutional commitment and a well-trained team to ensure good outcomes. The critical factors in the decision-making process when there are concerns regarding the initiation, continuation, or withdrawal of ECMO include early transfer to a specialized lung transplant center and a multidisciplinary consensus among lung transplant pulmonologists, lung transplant surgeons, and ECMO critical care intensivists to expedited transplant evaluation and to clearly defined the goals of care and selecting the appropriate candidates who will benefit from ECMO as a BTD for patients not listed yet for lung transplantation.
Gas Slippage in Tight Formations
Authors: Fakher Sherif , Khlaifat Abdelaziz
Published: September 2022

In order to address the gas slippage for flow through tight formation, with a very low porosity (less than 10%) and permeability in micro-Darcy range, a series of single-phase gas flow experiments were conducted. Two different gases (N2 and He) were used to carry out many single-phase experiments at different overburden and pressure drops and were compared with carbon dioxide (CO2) flow types. The pore size distribution measurements showed the existence of a wide range of pore size distribution. Also, the single-phase gas flow experiments through the core plug, mostly at low pressure, showed Knudsen diffusion type, which is an indication of gas molecules’ slippage at the wall of the pores.
Etiology of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Preda Carmen-Monica , Istrătescu Doina
Published: September 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the colon, related to a complex contribution of environmental and host factors that increase the susceptibility of individuals. Genetics, environmental factors, dysbiosis, and dysregulated immune system: all these components together are necessary to trigger IBD. The temporal sequence of events leading to UC is unknown. UC is not a classically transmitted genetic affliction. The risk of developing the disease is increased in first-degree relatives but there is no evidence that it is related to genetics or environmental factors exposure early in childhood. The environmental factors associated with ulcerative colitis development are diet, smoking, breastfeeding, use of antibiotics or NSAIDs, urban location, pollution exposure, appendectomy, and hypoxia. In normal intestinal homeostasis environment, both innate and adaptive immune systems are integrated with various mediators and immune cells to maintain tolerance to commensal organisms. In UC patients, the innate immune system is responsible for inducing inflammatory reactions, while the adaptive immune system is crucial in the evolution of chronic inflammatory events. With the shifting global burden of ulcerative colitis, more research is needed to better understand the illness’s etiology in order to prevent and find potential novel therapeutic targets or predictors of disease burden in the future.
Seed Filling
Authors: Önder Sercan , Erbaş Sabri , Önder Damla , Tonguç Muhammet , Mutlucan Murat
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of seed storage reserves occurs during seed filling, and many seeds contain large and characteristic levels of polymeric reserves. Storage reserves are found in the endosperm of cereal seeds and in the endosperm and/or cotyledons of dicot seeds depending of the plant crop species. Recently progress has been made in understanding the complex network of genetic regulation associated with seed filling. These advances in storage reserve quantity and nutrient quality contribute to a comprehensive understanding of reserve composition, synthesis, and regulation. Phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinin, gibberellic acid, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene and their interactions play critical roles in seed filling and development. At different stages of seed development, the levels of different hormones such as ABA, IAA zeatin and zeatin riboside changes gradually from the beginning of the process to maturity. In addition, the quality and yield of seed storage reserves are significantly affected by the environmental conditions before and during the synthesis of the reserves. Given the fateful importance of seed storage reserves for food and feed and their use as sustainable industrial feedstock to replace dwindling fossil reserves, understanding the metabolic and developmental control of seed filling will be an important focus of plant research.
Harmful Diptera Pests in Garlic and Onion and Their Management
Authors: Erdogan Pervin , Mustafa Zemran
Published: September 2022

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a hardy perennial member of the onion family presumably native to Central Asia; however, it has long been naturalized in southern Europe and throughout the world. Onion, on the other hand, is used all over the world, and its consumption depends mostly on the income level of consumers. It is an indispensable vegetable in the kitchen of many homes. Onions take third place in vegetable production after potato and tomato in Turkey. Mites, nematodes, and insect species cause damage to these plants, reducing considerably their yield. Among these pests, the most destructive are Delia platura Meigen (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and Delia antiqua Meigen (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). The crop losses can sometimes reach up to 100%, depending on the crop and density of the pest. There are different methods to control these pests that vary by the pest type and the crop being applied. D. platura eat the contents of newly planted seeds, leaving empty seed shells and preventing germination. Also, D. antiqua. Young onions are particularly vulnerable. When the hide and bulb become entangled in the damaged plant, development stops, the plant turns yellow, and it breaks. Both pests are controlled using biological and chemical methods.
Data Ethics in Catholic Health Systems
Authors: Barina Rachelle , Gremmels Becket , Miller Michael , Kockler Nicholas , Repenshek Mark , Ostertag Christopher ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: September 2022

The Catholic moral tradition has a rich foundation that applies broadly to encompass all areas of human experience. Yet, there is comparatively little in Catholic thought on the ethics of the collection and use of data, especially in healthcare. We provide here a brief overview of terminology, concepts, and applications of data in the context of healthcare, summarize relevant theological principles and themes (including the Vatican’s Rome Call for AI Ethics), and offer key questions for ethicists and data managers to consider as they analyze ethical implications pertinent to data governance and data management.
Democracy and the All-Affected Principle
Authors: Lagerspetz Eerik
Published: September 2022

The All-Affected Principle has an important status in recent theoretical discussions on democracy. According to the principle, all who are affected by a decision should have a right to participate into making it. The principle is supposed to ground the right or optimal boundaries of democratic decision-making units. This paper is basically a critique of the principle. In the first parts of the paper, the All-Affected Principle is distinguished from some related principles. However, even a more precise version of the principle is still troubled by ambiguities. It is argued that Robert Goodin’s expansive reading is the only coherent one. However, if it is accepted, the principle cannot be used for its original purpose. The last parts focus on some largely unexamined aspects of the principle. First, the principle also works as a means of exclusion, not only of inclusion. Second, if, as the principle says, participation rights are based on interests, it is by no means obvious that these rights should be equal. Third, the principle cannot provide us with a non-institutional starting point. Nevertheless, a much weaker form of the principle may be plausible.
Democratic Deliberation and Impartial Justice
Authors: Herne Kaisa , Setälä Maija
Published: September 2022

Theories of deliberative democracy maintain that outcomes of democratic deliberation are fairer than outcomes of mere aggregation of preferences. Theorists of impartial justice, especially Rawls and Sen, emphasize the role of deliberative processes for making just decisions. Democratic deliberation seems therefore to provide a model of impartial decision-making applicable in the real world. However, various types of cognitive and affective biases limit individual capacity to see things from others’ perspectives. In this paper, two strategies of enhancing impartiality in real world decision-making are discussed. The first involves decision-making processes which detach decision-makers from their particular interests, whereas the second aims to enhance the quality of democratic deliberation and empathetic reasoning. We conclude that new forms of democratic deliberation may be necessary if we hold on to the aspiration of making decisions which are both democratic (responsive) and impartial.
Heraklits flammende daimoner
Authors: Grimm Jon Auring
Published: September 2022

Heraklit bød mennesket at søge sig selv, lytte til et flammende logos, der fordrer tanken selv at blive til ild. Jeg vil i nedenstående nuancere forståelsen af centrale begreber i Heraklits tænkning, såsom phusis, ethos og daimon, for derved at påpege et eudaimonisk potentiale, der ikke søger transcendens, men derimod immanens. Det vil jeg gøre ved at kvalificere en læsning af de processuelle og dynamiske aspekter af phusis og hvorledes disse også er knyttet til fødsel og død, hvilket leder frem til en forståelse af legement, livet og buen, som værende konstitueret af en immanent strid, hvor fødsels og død er parret som hinandens raffinement. Dette anvendes til at nuancere forståelsen af ethos og daimon, karakter og skæbne, hvilket skitserer en daimonologi, der fordrer, den der søger sig selv, at blive flammende1.
Was heißt „Der freie Mensch allein weiß, dass eine Welt außer ihm ist“?
Authors: Dietzsch Steffen
Published: September 2022

Der Beitrag analysiert ein methodisches Problem der Schellingschen Naturphilosophie: wie das transzendentalphilosophische Prinzip der Freiheit mit der Natur in Verbindung steht. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die Neue Naturphilosophie (in Jena 1798-1803) eine Verifikation des Idealismus entfaltet: Der Idealismus hat methodisch Recht, wenn er die Vernunft zum ‚Selbstschöpfer’ (Autopoiesis) von allem macht, denn dies ist in der Natur selbst begründet. Damit kann der Idealismus – modern – eine analytische Dimension für den Bau der Welt entfalten.
The Nature of Freedom - on the ethical potential of the knowledge of the non-human origins of human being
Authors: Hauberg-Lund Martin
Published: September 2022

Many ways there are to articulate the objective conditions of human subjectivity. If poetry is regarded as one way, philosophy ought to be regarded as another. Whereas young Danish poet Theis Ørntoft (1984-) in his Poems 2014invokes a host of metaphors inorder to stage and address the fluctuating and at most semi-stable foundations of human being, American philosopher Graham Harman (1968-) in his The Quadruple Objectexpounds the structural components of a metaphysics that uncovers the ontological relativity of the objectively secured stability of human subjectivity. The implications of Harman's so-called 'object-oriented ontology' for the ethically significant construal of the relation between nature and freedom will be spelled out towards the end of my article.
Beginning with the Unlimited: Badiou and Plotinus on What Comes First
Authors: Ploug Anna Cornelia
Published: September 2022

The philosophical system of L'être et l'événement is launched with the explicit denial of ‘The One’ as grounding principle, because any philosophy that begins by positing an original unity (whether a unique, absolute being or an atom) will, according to Alain Badiou, inevitably turn out to be nothing but disguised theology. This denial, captured in the formula ”l'un, en effet, n'est pas" (Badiou 1988, 47), constitutes the precursory decision taken by Badiou in order to develop an ontological architecture, which permits pure multiplicity as its base.         Who would be a more obvious counterpart for this announcement than Plotinus, the ultimate thinker of The One? While Badiou is not concerned specifically with reading or criticising neither Plotinus nor Neoplatonism as such, all the necessary aspects that he seeks to escape are present in the latter: The One of the Enneads is a transcendent unity, inaccessible to thought and beyond being. Badiou, on his part, insists that since The One is not, what originally is rather amounts to ‘inconsistent’ multiplicity, the pur multiple. Furthermore, he points to the process of ‘structuring situations’, i.e. arranging utter differentiation into consistent wholes, as the only place for unity: unity is nothing more than the operation of unifying, the compte-pour-un. However, I will argue that our understanding can benefit from subjecting certain schemes in the two authors to reconciliation instead of merely accepting the seeming antagonism. More specifically, I will show that there can be found a decisive resemblance in their perspectives on what comes first.
Løgstrup's Ontological Ethics - An analysis of human interdependent existence
Authors: Rabjerg Bjørn
Published: September 2022

This article explores K. E. Løgstrup’s1 ontological ethics, understood as an ethics rooted in interdependence. Interdependence, the fact that human beings always hold power over each other, has two very different aspects, which I will call negative and positive, each of them in turn leading to different aspects of ontological ethics. By negative and positive I mean the two opposing possibilities of all human interaction that we can either destroy the other person’s life (to a greater or smaller degree) or cause the other person’s life to flourish. We can either be a blessing in the other person’s life or a destroyer, as Løgstrup sometimes puts it. The focus of this article is to explore the positive aspect of interdependence. This is done for two connected reasons. Firstly, the positive aspect of Løgstrup’s analysis of interdependence seems to be largely overlooked because the work done on interdependence has tended to focus on the negative aspect, i.e. the threatening side of interdependence, which leads to his work on the ethical demand. Secondly, the positive aspect of interdependence actually provides the origin and foundation of Løgstrup’s so-called sovereign expressions of life. The overall aim is to provide a coherent exposition of Løgstrup’s ethics. However, the result is not a normative ethics upon which we may act, but rather a descriptive diagnosis of interdependence as the basic ontological condition of human social life, where the sovereign expressions of life may enable us to act.
The literary representation of reality
Authors: Davidsen Helle Munkholm
Published: September 2022

This article presents a reflection of the epistemological question of literary representation of reality. The epistemological status of literature is not obvious, because literature is fictional. Therefore, it is not evident in what way literature represents reality and to what degree the literary representation is true in the corresponding sense of the word. Through an exploration of Proust and his reflections on the same question in A la recherche du temp perdu, this article will analyse the representational question. This analysis will focus on a conflict between an essential understanding of truth, detached from the temporal reality, and a superficial referential realism. It will present an alternative phenomenological and semiotic realism, which connects the specific description in literature with a general conceptual level. In addition, the relationship between the perceptual and conceptual level will further be linked to cognitive semantics and Lakoff’s concept of cognitive models.
Literary Experience as (Visual) Experience of Literary Worlds. Imagination’s Bearing on Literary Reality and Phantasy’s Bearing on Literary Existence
Authors: Bellini Bianca
Published: September 2022

While reading literary works, what do readers experience? Do they experience only the words they listen to or read? How can we describe the experience of reading literary works? Do phantasy and imagination play any role during such experiences? These kinds of questions usually give rise to a twofold kind of research: on the one hand, a philosophical effort of combing through literature itself as a philosophical object of study, and — on the other hand — an attempt to argue for a cognitive portrait of those processes triggered by reading or listening to words (cf. Dehaene, 2007). Nevertheless, if we put aside these two sets of studies, which are plenty widespread and partly related to scientific branches, three new and interwoven ways of broaching the issue of literary experience come to light: 1) readers’ experiences of literary worlds; 2) readers’ visual involvement in literary experiences; 3) phantasy’s and imagination’s involvement in such experiences. These issues are strongly interwoven since each of them deals with the experience of reading literary works from slightly different perspectives: the first concerns the objects of literary experiences, the second focuses on a specific component of literary experiences, while the third aims at comprehending what role is up to phantasy and imagination during such experiences. The following research purports to answer the aforementioned questions and, in so doing, it develops and argues for the following thesis, which is the heart of the matter: reading literary works means experiencing literary worlds and, consequently, describing literary experiences means describing the literary worlds we experience while reading literary works.
La responsabilidad social corporativa en las titulaciones de empresa y marketing ofertadas por las universidades españolas
Authors: Larrán Jorge Manuel , Andrades Peña Francisco Javier , Muriel de los Reyes María Jose
Published: September 2022

En líneas generales, el éxito futuro de la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) dependerá de la actitud de las futuras generaciones, dado que ellas influirán tanto en las relaciones entre empresa y sociedad, como ciudadanos, clientes o directivos. Es por lo anterior que cada vez existe una mayor preocupación sobre el papel que debieran asumir las universidades con relación a la formación aportada a aquellos estudiantes de titulaciones fundamentalmente relacionadas con la gestión empresarial así como con el área del marketing. El presente trabajo analiza comparativamente la presencia de asignaturas de RSC entre las titulaciones del ámbito empresarial y las titulaciones relacionadas con el marketing ofertadas por las universidades españolas durante el curso académico 2011/2012. Adicionalmente, se pretende determinar la influencia que tiene en la presencia de asignaturas de RSC la naturaleza pública o privada de las universidades españolas así como si las titulaciones son de grado o postgrado. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto el mayor énfasis en las titulaciones de marketing hacia la oferta de asignaturas relacionadas con la ética empresarial mientras que las titulaciones del ámbito empresarial se orientan hacia la responsabilidad social y la sostenibilidad medioambiental. Por su parte los resultados infieren la mayor presencia de asignaturas de RSC en las titulaciones de grado así como la mayor inclinación de las universidades privadas por ofertar asignaturas de RSC.
Factores Determinantes para el Desarrollo de la Actividad Emprendedora: Un Estudio Correlacional
Authors: Berríos Lugo José E. , Espina Maritza I.
Published: September 2022

El emprendimiento se caracteriza por la transformación de innovación, conocimientos, oportunidades o ideas para la creación de nuevas empresas con el fin de obtener ganancias y estimular cambios sociales y económicos. Según la literatura, para que surjan estos cambios es necesario tener altos niveles de actividad emprendedora regional. Esta investigación propone un modelo integrado de factores determinantes que estimulen la actividad emprendedora y el desarrollo económico. Este modelo se compone de los determinantes institucionales, los determinantes económicos y los determinantes sociales. Se recopilaron datos mediante 189 cuestionarios a empresarios futuros y en desarrollo. Se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre los determinantes del modelo y la actividad emprendedora. Los resultados de esta investigación proveen herramientas útiles para diseñar políticas públicas dirigidas a estimular la actividad emprendedora. También provee a los investigadores una base para continuar estudios que determinen la efectividad de la integración de elementos que estimulen la actividad emprendedora.
El impacto de la reputación en el desempeño de la organización en la perspectiva de los miembros de las cooperativas
Authors: Casimiro Almeida Maria da Graça , Matos Coelho Arnaldo
Published: September 2022

Reputación Cooperativa (CR) es muchas veces un importante activo intangible en una empresa. Este estudio investiga el papel de la CR sobre el comportamiento de los cooperativistas en el desempeño organizacional, considerándose la lealtad, la satisfacción, la confianza y la imagen. El estudio tiene como objetivo verificar los efectos de la comunicación, de la cultura y de la satisfacción con la gestión como antecedentes de la CR. Para alcanzar los objetivos de la investigación y con base en una revisión de la literatura, el estudio propone un cuadro conceptual y testa la estructura usando el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Para ello, fueron recogidos 263 cuestionarios validos a partir de una muestra de investigación compuesta por miembros de tres organizaciones cooperativas, accionistas de la mayor empresa de productos lácteos de la Península Ibérica. Los resultados muestran que la comunicación tiene un impacto en la CR, así como la cultura y la satisfacción con la gestión. CR tiene un impacto significativo en la lealtad y en el desempeño de los miembros de las cooperativas. El modelo proporciona una comprensión más amplia del concepto CR y presenta tanto los antecedentes como los impactos en la reputación.
El uso y la elección de las alianzas multipartner: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Castiglioni Marco , Castro Abancéns Ignacio , Galán González José Luis
Published: September 2022

Los estudios sobre las alianzas multipartner (AMP) con pocos socios son todavía esporádicos porque la literatura ha centrado principalmente su atención en las redes de alianzas y en los consorcios de empresas. El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo intentar cubrir parcialmente esta laguna de investigación, profundizando tanto en las características de las AMP con pocos socios como en los factores que determinan su formación. Utilizando un enfoque multiteórico, este estudio supone un avance en la comprensión y definición de los principales factores que influyen en la elección entre una alianza diádica y una AMP. Los resultados empíricos se han obtenido a través de un estudio exploratorio en el sector de la obra pública española. Esta elección permite la evaluación del comportamiento de las empresas y los factores que influyen en sus decisiones. Los resultados muestran que el importe de la adjudicación y el tipo de obra ejecutado influyen tanto en la formación de alianzas diadas como en la formación de AMPs, pero los resultados indican que en las AMPs este efecto es más intenso, y la búsqueda de una masa crítica a través de un comportamiento cooperativo es más visible.
Impacto de la importancia percibida de la responsabilidad corporativa del Hotel sobre el comportamiento de quejas del turista
Authors: Palacios Florencio Beatriz , Revilla Camacho Mª Ángeles , Cossío Silva Francisco José
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de la Responsabilidad Corporativa (RC) de la empresa hotelera y su incidencia en el comportamiento de queja del turista. La metodología del estudio empírico, realizado entre 629 clientes alojados en hoteles de la ciudad de Sevilla, está basada en los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (PLS). Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto la existencia de una relación significativa entre la importancia percibida de la RC y la propensión a presentar quejas, afectando esta última, de forma también significativa, al número de quejas realizadas por un individuo. Asimismo, se detecta un efecto significativo y negativo de la satisfacción del turista sobre las quejas presentadas. Las principales contribuciones se derivan de un mejor conocimiento sobre los antecedentes del comportamiento de queja, al incorporar una variable, la importancia de la responsabilidad corporativa, no estudiada con anterioridad. Por otra parte, intenta ofrecer una aportación en el campo de la investigación de la RC ya que, a pesar del creciente interés por el tema, los efectos de este constructo sobre los clientes son aún poco conocidos.
Complementariedad entre tipos de innovación: un oasis en el medio del desierto
Authors: Guisado-González Manuel , Coca Pérez José Luís
Published: September 2022

Las relaciones entre los diferentes tipos de innovación han sido analizadas desde dos grandes corrientes enfrentadas. Por un lado, la visión distintiva, que asume que los determinantes de cada tipo de innovación son diferentes y que por tanto cada tipo de innovación contribuye de modo diferente al desempeño de la empresa; por otro, la visión integrativa, que considera que los diferentes tipos de innovación son interdependientes y que su implementación simultánea genera un efecto sinérgico sobre el desempeño de la empresa. Utilizando datos de España procedentes del Panel de Innovación Tecnológica (PITEC) de los años 2008, 2009, 2010 y 2011 analizamos cuál de los dos enfoques resulta predominante. Para la realización de los test de hipótesis utilizamos el denominado enfoque de complementariedad, y para la interpretación de estos test el enfoque exploración-explotación. De las seis restricciones no triviales testadas encontramos que solamente una es complementaria. Por consiguiente, estos resultados confirman el predominio de la visión distintiva, corriente mayoritaria en el ámbito de la literatura sobre innovación.
Elementary school students’ attitudes towards comparison as a method of teaching geography
Authors: Grmuša Milka , Musa Snježana , Drobac Pavićević Milica
Published: September 2022

The importance of comparison in geography education is undoubtedly immense. Comparison as a process of thinking represents the oldest method for deriving geographical evidence and it is often used in teaching geography. It can be argued that this method is the most characteristic method for geography as a school subject. In addition to the development of the students’ ability to analyze, synthetize, generalize, and distinguish between the relevant and the irrelevant, this method can also contribute to the development of critical thinking, problem-solving and facilitate conclusion-reaching. With respect to the importance of comparison in geography education, the aim of the research in this paper was set: to determine the attitudes of elementary school students towards comparison as a method of teaching. The attitudes of the students towards comparison in teaching geography and the acquisition of geographical knowledge, as well as in the increase of the students’ interest, motivation and activation in the process were examined. It was also investigated whether there is a difference in students’ attitudes towards the method of comparison in relation to gender, Geography grade and the grade they attend. The surveying method was used. The results of the research show that the students expressed mostly positive attitudes towards the use of the comparison method in teaching geography. The results are also indicative of the importance of a geographical map in the application of the comparison method.
Samoprocjena studenata učiteljskih studija o kreativnosti i emocijama u nastavi muzičke kulture
Authors: Stanković-Janković Tanja , Bjelobrk Babić Ozrenka , Čaušević Merima
Published: September 2022

Kreativnost i emocije studenata u univerzitetskoj nastavi, kao dva posebno značajna fenomena, sve više zaokupljaju pažnju savremenih istraživača. Stoga, cilj ovog istraživanja je ustanoviti samoprocjenom studenata učiteljskih studija u kojoj mjeri postoji povezanost između njihove kreativnosti i emocija na univerzitetskoj nastavi muzike. Na uzorku od 183 studenta iz četiri univerzitetska centra u Bosni i Hercegovini istraživački nalazi ukazuju da među studentima učiteljskih studija koji studiraju u različitim univerzitetskim centrima BiH postoje određene razlike u samoprocjeni emocija, kreativnosti i preferencija o muzičkim žanrovima prema njihovom mjestu studiranja, zatim da viši nivo kognitivnog animiranja muzike i veće uživanje u muzici prati viši nivo muzičke kreativnosti, te da je najsnažniji prediktor muzičke kreativnosti pop muzika, dok su preferencije povezane sa novokomponovanom muzikom isključene. Na osnovu navedenog autorke preporučuju savremenije strategije u kreiranju programa univerzitetske nastave muzičke kulture, te sadržaje koji će metodički biti usmjereni na promociju ugodnih emocija i s ciljem podsticanja kreativnosti na učiteljskim studijama.
From Data to Quanta: Niels Bohr’s Vision of Physics
Authors: Nurkić Petar
Published: September 2022

Nils Bor [Niels Bohr] je bio fizičar danskog porekla i jedan od najistaknutijih naučnika 20. veka. Čitajući Borova dela možemo da primetimo da su pojmovi kojima se koristi često neispolirani i obmanjujući za mnoge fizičare, istoričare i filozofe nauke. Slobodan Perović1 kreće upravo od ove konceptualne zagonetke; kako to da je Bor postao jedan od najprominentnijih fizičara 20. veka uprkos konfuziji koju je proizveo, kako među svojim savremenicima tako i u današnjoj naučnoj zajednici? Motiv za pisanje knjige, From data to quanta, Perović pronalazi u odgonetavanju kontroverzne zagonetke koju lik i delo Nilsa Bora predstavljaju. To čini kroz usredsređivanje na ključne aspekte Borovih doprinosa i na recepciju njegovih dela kod najistaknutijih figura moderne fizike. Ova knjiga razvija novi pristup Borovom razumevanju fizike i istraživačkih metoda kroz eksploratornu simbiozu istorijske i filozofske analize koja najbolje osvetljuje kontekst Borove naučne prakse.
Minimizing features while maintaining performance in data classification problems
Authors: Matharaarachchi Surani , Domaratzki Mike , Muthukumarana Saman
Published: September 2022

High dimensional classification problems have gained increasing attention in machine learning, and feature selection has become essential in executing machine learning algorithms. In general, most feature selection methods compare the scores of several feature subsets and select the one that gives the maximum score. There may be other selections of a lower number of features with a lower score, yet the difference is negligible. This article proposes and applies an extended version of such feature selection methods, which selects a smaller feature subset with similar performance to the original subset under a pre-defined threshold. It further validates the suggested extended version of the Principal Component Loading Feature Selection (PCLFS-ext) results by simulating data for several practical scenarios with different numbers of features and different imbalance rates on several classification methods. Our simulated results show that the proposed method outperforms the original PCLFS and existing Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) by giving reasonable feature reduction on various data sets, which is important in some applications.
The emergence of spiraling tracheary element bundles in incompatible grafts
Authors: Wu Huiyan , Deng Zhuying , Wang Xue , Liang Dacheng
Published: September 2022

In distantly-related plant grafting, incompatibility often occurs between scion and rootstock, resulting in growth stagnation, and eventually graft failure. In this study, we found that an emergent structure, or the spiraling tracheary element (TE) bundles consisting of TE masses occurring at the graft interface, was extensively present in the highly incompatible interfamilial graft of Brassica napus/Portulaca oleracea (Bn/Po) and Nicotiana benthamiana/Portulaca oleracea (Nb/Po). This special structure mostly appeared in the local area near the grafting union, and the frequency and quantity of the spiraling tracheary element bundles were much higher in the scion than in the rootstock. Nevertheless, only a small portion of Arabidopsis thaliana/Portulaca oleracea (At/Po) interfamilial grafts showed a less spiraled TEs at the grafting union (usually a circular TE), which is consistent with its growth performance. This study consolidated that spiraling TE bundles were an important indicator for graft incompatibility. The possible reason for the formation of spiraling TE bundles in interfamilial grafts was discussed.