bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Smart Speaker Technology for Health and Well-being in an Older Adult Population: Pre-Post Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: McCloud Rachel , Perez Carly , Bekalu Mesfin Awoke , Viswanath K
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Although smart speaker technology is poised to help improve the health and well-being of older adults by offering services such as music, medication reminders, and connection to others, more research is needed to determine how older adults from lower socioeconomic position (SEP) accept and use this technology.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using smart speakers to improve the health and well-being of low-SEP older adults.

METHODS

A total of 39 adults aged between 65 and 85 years who lived in a subsidized housing community were recruited to participate in a 3-month study. The participants had a smart speaker at their home and were given a brief orientation on its use. Over the course of the study, participants were given weekly check-in calls to help assist with any problems and newsletters with tips on how to use the speaker. Participants received a pretest and posttest to gauge comfort with technology, well-being, and perceptions and use of the speaker. The study staff also maintained detailed process notes of interactions with the participants over the course of the study, including a log of all issues reported.

RESULTS

At the end of the study period, 38% (15/39) of the participants indicated using the speaker daily, and 38% (15/39) of the participants reported using it several times per week. In addition, 72% (28/39) of the participants indicated that they wanted to continue using the speaker after the end of the study. Most participants (24/39, 62%) indicated that the speaker was useful, and approximately half of the participants felt that the speaker gave them another voice to talk to (19/39, 49%) and connected them with the outside world (18/39, 46%). Although common uses were using the speaker for weather, music, and news, fewer participants reported using it for health-related questions. Despite the initial challenges participants experienced with framing questions to the speaker, additional explanations by the study staff addressed these issues in the early weeks of the study.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study indicate that there is promise for smart speaker technology for low-SEP older adults, particularly to connect them to music, news, and reminders. Future studies will need to provide more upfront training on query formation as well as develop and promote more specific options for older adults, particularly in the area of health and well-being.
Chronic Tinnitus and the Positive Effects of Sound Treatment via a Smartphone App: Mixed-Design Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kutyba Justyna Jolanta , Jędrzejczak W Wiktor , Gos Elżbieta , Raj-Koziak Danuta , Skarzynski Piotr Henryk
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Tinnitus is a phantom auditory sensation in the absence of an external stimulus. It is accompanied by a broad range of negative emotional symptoms and a significantly lower quality of life. So far, there is no cure for tinnitus, although various treatment options have been tried. One of them is mobile technology employing dedicated apps based on sound therapy. The apps can be managed by the patient and tailored according to their needs.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to assess the effect of a mobile app that generates background sounds on the severity of tinnitus.

METHODS

The study involved 68 adults who had chronic tinnitus. Participants were divided into a study group (44 patients) and a control group (24 patients). For 6 months those in the study group used a free mobile app that enriched the sound environment with a background sound. Participants were instructed to use the app for at least 30 minutes a day using their preferred sound. The participants in the control group did not use the app. Subjective changes in the day-to-day functioning of both groups were evaluated using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire, a visual analog scale, and a user survey.

RESULTS

After 3 months of using the app, the THI global score significantly decreased (P<.001) in the study group, decreasing again at 6 months (P<.001). The largest improvements were observed in the emotional and catastrophic reactions subscales. A clinically important change in the THI was reported by 39% of the study group (17/44). Almost 90% of the study participants (39/44) chose environmental sounds to listen to, the most popular being rain and ocean waves. In the control group, tinnitus severity did not change over 3 or 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the participants still experienced limitations caused by tinnitus, the advantage of the app was that it led to lower negative emotions and thus reduced overall tinnitus severity. It is worth considering whether a mobile app might be incorporated into the management of tinnitus in a professional setting.
La Conquista de Tenochtitlan:
Authors: Battcock Clementina , Zavala López Jhonnatan Alejandro
Published: September 2021

Las crónicas del siglo XVI de la guerra de conquista se insertan en la práctica de una escritura que buscaba la distinción social y la formación de un corpus de registros que legitiman el ejercicio de determinadas dinámicas sociales en estos desconocidos territorios. Este artículo explora algunos de los elementos que configuran los trazos de poder político del virreinato de la Nueva España, así como los métodos que son utilizados para su crítica historiográfica.
La pandemia como crisis sistémica y ecosocietal
Authors: Enríquez Pérez Isaac
Published: September 2021

El artículo postula fundamentos epistemológicos para la construcción de una teoría y política de la pandemia, pues la crisis es un fenómeno inédito y no coyuntural ni efímero; es un hecho social total dotado de sistemas complejos entrelazados. La pandemia es una totalidad cruzada por relaciones orgánicas y una manifestación de la crisis sistémica y ecosocietal de larga gestación y duración, así como del colapso civilizatorio contemporáneo que amalgama distintas crisis acumuladas a lo largo de las últimas cuatro décadas. Se cuestionan las formas convencionales de construir conocimiento científico ante el vértigo de la incertidumbre y la crisis de sentido.
A real world cost-minimization analysis comparing the use of different endoscopic staplers in video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy procedures
Authors: Gu Wei , Wang Tao , Wang Wenting , Tong Guixian , Wu Shuqing , Han Yi
Published: September 2021

Aim:
China’s cost-containment measures increasingly focus solely on the prices of consumable medical supplies without taking a broader perspective on differences in features and overall costs. This study compared two types of endoscopic staplers in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy.
Materials & methods:
Electronic medical records for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery from 2016 to 2017 were collected from a hospital in Anhui province. Two cohorts were retroactively defined based on stapler type. Total costs were compared using a cost-minimization analysis model. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed.
Results:
In the base case, the group using more expensive staplers achieved overall cost savings of about $300 per procedure. Sensitivity analysis confirmed this result in 86.5% of cases.
Conclusion:
A price-only supply selection strategy may have unintended cost consequences.
Hälsinglands inredningskultur – teori och empiri
Authors: Knutsson Johan , Nyström Ingalill , Palmsköld Anneli
Published: September 2021

Studien utgår från kulturvetenskapligt grundade forskningsfrågor. Likaså hör den övergripande historiesyn och de förklaringsmodeller som varit vägledande för tolkningarna av analysresultaten hemma inom det humanistiska fältet. Artikeln inleds med en beskrivning av studiens teoretiska ramverk och övergår sedan till att diskutera forskningsfältets tidigare inriktningar och prioriteringar. Därefter ges en redogörelse för i vilka sammanhang och i vilken kontext som inredningskulturen i Hälsingland skapades samt vilka föremål som ingick. Artikeln avslutas med en redogörelse för de olika hantverkskategorierna och hantverkarna.
Möbelmåleri i Järvsö och Forsa 1780–1850
Authors: Assis Anders , Nylander Lars , Nyström Ingalill
Published: September 2021

Artikeln behandlar möbelmåleriet i två socknar i Norra Hälsingland, Järvsö och Forsa. Från båda orter finns ett stort föremålsbestånd från perioden 1780–1850, som till stor del består av målade möbler, friargåvor, dekorerade redskap, dräkt- och bäddtextil samt inredningsmåleri. Dessa föremål har med vissa få undantag framställts lokalt. Studien fokuserar på tre målare: Mats Dahlström, Jöns Månsson och Bäck Erik Andersson. Genom dessa hantverkares arbeten studeras möbelmåleriet med utgångspunkt i följande frågor: Vad är specifikt i möbelmåleriet i de båda socknarna? Hur har måleriet växt fram? Hur kommer det sig att möbelmåleriet skiljer sig åt i de båda socknarna?
PREVENTION OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES USE AMOUNG SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kirpichenka A.A.
Published: September 2021

The article describes the relevance and necessity of primary prevention of psychoactive substances use among schoolchildren, considers the need for scientific substantiation and evidence of the effectiveness of the use of programs for the prevention of psychoactive substances use in different countries. A short literature review of the experience of primary prevention of the use of psychoactive substances in Belarus, Russia and the non-CIS countries has been made. The elaborated, tested and implemented in practice curriculum of optional classes aimed at the formation of students’ skills of responsible and safe behavior «We are ourselves» for grades 5-8 of general secondary education establishments is presented in detail. The goals of the extracurricular program as well as its structure are described, and its tasks are detailed. The organizational and methodological work that was carried out for the successful implementation of the cycle is highlighted (seminars with educational psychologists, individual consultations on request, summing up intermediate results after 5 lessons and a seminar on the final stage of testing methodological materials and definitive results). The primary results on the program effectiveness are given, that were obtained with the help of a survey of students, their parents and teachers, as well as the results concerning the distribution and implementation of monitoring the curriculum «We are ourselves» in Vitebsk region, which demonstrated its relevance and the prospects for its use. Based on the results of the article, the conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of prophylactic work with schoolchildren to prevent the use of psychoactive substances and methods of its improvement.
THE SURFACTANT SYSTEM OF THE LUNGS. A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Ishutsina O.V.
Published: September 2021

This article contains the information about the structure, functioning, and regeneration of type 2 pneumocytes. The composition of the surfactant, the processes of its synthesis, formation, secretion, distribution and redistribution of its components, as well as the biological role of the surfactant in the functioning of the lungs are described in detail. The information about the development of the surfactant system of the lungs during embryogenesis is also included. Objectives. To review modern literature on the structure and functions of the surfactant system of the lungs, the organization and structure of the surfactant, the mechanism of surfactant formation, the embryogenesis of the respiratory section, to characterize the structure and processes of the functioning of type 2 pneumocytes, as well as the processes of synthesis and secretion of the surfactant, its biological role in the functioning of the lungs. The relevance of the chosen topic is connected with a high level of the respiratory system pathology including a high incidence of respiratory system organs diseases in early childhood, associated with an insufficient level of the surfactant maturity. The problem of pulmonary pathology in newborns, including premature babies, largely determines the level of infant morbidity and mortality.
EVALUATION OF THE SLIMMING EFFECTS OF DIET TEA IN BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR MEANING
Authors: EYUPOGLU Ozan Emre , ARMAN Buket Su
Published: September 2021

The replacement of consumed with foods containing high carbohydrates, fats and proteins exceed that the daily needs of body, causes many health problems, especially obesity. Complicated health problems have been trying to be solved with drugs, but it is not possible to control diseases if obesity is not resolved. Obesity causes inflammation, insulin resistance, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) increase. There are very few weight loss drugs with acceptable side effects, and these drugs are not given to people who are not considered obese according to their body mass index. For this reason, people seek the remedy in over the counter (OTC) (mostly products with active ingredients derived from plants) products or herbal teas. These products, which do not have direct effects, have mechanisms that can help and can be supportive with diet and sports. However, these products and teas that cannot be dosed by a knowledgeable healthcare professional can disrupt the balance of the body and cause various diseases. In this study, the effect levels with the mechanisms supporting weight loss on the biochemical parameters of the active substances in the herbal forms sold and consumed as diet tea, were evaluated.
                 
Peer Review History:
Received: 4 July 2021; Revised: 11 August; Accepted: 6 September, Available online: 15 September 2021
Academic Editor:  Dr. Jennifer Audu-Peter, University of Jos, Nigeria, drambia44@gmail.com
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. 
Received file:                Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, gehankandeel9@yahoo.com 
Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, maafayed@gmail.com
Prevalencia del virus de la leucosis bovina en búfalos de agua en la región centro occidental de Colombia
Authors: Rincón Flórez Juan Carlos , Peláez Peláez Edgar Antonio , Trejos Marín Nathaly , Echeverry López Juan Carlos , González Corrales Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

La leucosis viral bovina (LVB) es una enfermedad de alta morbilidad y baja mortalidad. Existen reportes de la infección natural en algunas especies de bóvidos; sin embargo, en búfalos es poco estudiado. En Colombia la producción de búfalos crece rápidamente y hasta el momento no hay reportes de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la producción bufalina en el eje cafetero y determinar la prevalencia de LVB por PCR en búfalos y la presencia en humanos, bovinos y ovejas en cercanías. Se tomaron muestras de sangre de 140 búfalos, 10 de leche de búfala y 58 muestras de bovinos, 35 de ovejas y 9 de humanos en contacto con los búfalos. Se realizaron análisis hematológicos. Posteriormente, extracción de ADN para evaluación por PCR. Se recolectó información productiva y los resultados fueron procesados y analizados mediante el software R. La mayoría de animales fueron hembras de la raza mediterránea, con peso al nacimiento de 33.39 kg, peso al destete 202.93 kg, intervalo entre partos 491.77 días, tiempo al pico 67.26 días y 381.59 L de leche (ajustada a 305 días a dos tetas). Se encontró una prevalencia de 33.6 % en búfalos y 3.4 % en bovinos; ninguna muestra de leche, oveja o humano resultó positiva. No se encontraron factores de riesgo asociados a la infección, ni una alteración significativa del cuadro hemático, ni de los factores productivos. Estos resultados se constituyen en el primer reporte molecular del VLB en América y una de las primeras en el mundo.
Optimización de un protocolo de extracción de ADN a partir de sangre bovina hemolizada y coagulada para la detección molecular de Anaplasma spp.
Authors: Landázuri Rafael Tomas Humberto , Carrazco Andrés , León Renato , Vinueza Lenin , Barragan Veronica
Published: September 2021

La anaplasmosis es una enfermedad que puede afectar de manera significativa a la producción en el sector pecuario. Para la detección molecular por PCR de Anaplasma spp., se requiere de una extracción eficiente de ADN a partir de sangre completa, lo que a su vez depende de la calidad de la muestra de sangre. Fallas en los procedimientos de muestreo o conservación de las muestras pueden ocasionar hemolisis y coagulación de la sangre, lo que a su vez puede obstaculizar el diagnóstico.  El objetivo de esta investigación fue optimizar un protocolo casero de bajo costo que utiliza resina de Chelex® 100 y permite detectar de manera eficiente a Anaplasma spp. en 30 muestras de sangre bovina hemolizada y coagulada. La eficiencia del protocolo optimizado se comparó con dos kits comerciales de extracción de ADN mostrando una alta concordancia (Kappa de Cohen = 0.72) en la detección molecular de Anaplasma spp. por PCR. Se recomienda esta metodología para superar las limitaciones de investigación que pueden surgir al extraer ADN a partir de muestras de sangre complejas.
Análisis de la rentabilidad apícola por estratos en Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Zavala Beltrán José Inés , López Santiago Marco Andrés , Valdivia Alcalá Ramón , Montiel Batalla Blanca Margarita
Published: September 2021

La presente investigación se enfocó en analizar la estructura de costos y la rentabilidad en el proceso de producción de la apicultura. A través de técnicas de muestreo, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 56 apicultores de un padrón de 230, mismos que se agruparon en tres estratos: productores de 20 a 50 colmenas (pequeños), 51 a 200 colmenas (medianos) y más de 200 colmenas (grandes).  Se encontró que el costo económico de producción total se compone principalmente por el costo variable, con una participación promedio relativa de 55.4 % en los tres estratos. El gasto en alimentación es el concepto primordial, considerando que, para sostener la colmena, el 90.0 % de los apicultores alimentan con azúcar o fructosa cuando no hay floración. El costo fijo representa el 14.0 % respecto al total, la mayor erogación fue en el rubro de la depreciación en maquinaria y material de campo. Los costos de oportunidad representan el 30.6 % en promedio para los tres estratos. El rendimiento promedio por colmena fue de 25.4 kg/año. En conclusión, considerando el análisis económico, para el estrato I la actividad no es viable, ya que no considera el valor de todos los recursos en el proceso productivo (costos de oportunidad), así mismo en este estrato el ingreso principal proviene de otras actividades. En términos financieros, la actividad es viable en los tres estratos, lo que indica que se tiene la capacidad de cubrir costos fijos y costos variables. Al incluir los costos de oportunidad, los costos fijos y variables disminuyen.
A coleção de livros textos e o currículo acadêmico: relacionamento quantitativo
Authors: Rosa Malvina Vianna , Levy Lilia Conceição Knewitz
Published: September 2021

The importance of the knowledge of the basic bibliography concerned to graduation course is emphazised. lt establishes a "ratio" that results of the relation between the enrolled students number and the book copies number existent in library. This "ratio" determines neessities under guantitative view-point and shows priorities in the acquisition process.
Activation of HIF1α Rescues the Hypoxic Response and Reverses Metabolic Dysfunction in the Diabetic Heart
Authors: Fialho Maria da Luz Sousa , Purnama Ujang , Dennis Kaitlyn MJH , Aparicio Claudia N Montes , Castro-Guarda Marcos , Massourides Emmanuelle , Tyler Damian J , Carr Carolyn A , Heather Lisa C
Published: September 2021

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) impairs Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)1α
activation, a master transcription factor that drives cellular
adaptation to hypoxia. Reduced activation of HIF1α contributes to the
impaired post-ischaemic remodelling observed following myocardial
infarction in T2D. Molidustat is a HIF stabiliser currently undergoing
clinical trials for the treatment of renal anaemia associated with
chronic kidney disease, however, it may provide a route to
pharmacologically activate HIF1α in the T2D heart.

In human cardiomyocytes, molidustat stabilised HIF1α and downstream
HIF target genes, promoting anaerobic glucose metabolism. In hypoxia,
insulin resistance blunted HIF1α activation and downstream signalling,
but this was reversed by molidustat. In T2D rats, oral treatment with
molidustat rescued the cardiac metabolic dysfunction caused by T2D,
promoting glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function, whilst
suppressing fatty acid oxidation and lipid accumulation. This resulted
in beneficial effects on post-ischemic cardiac function, with the
impaired contractile recovery in T2D heart reversed by molidustat
treatment.

In conclusion, pharmacological HIF1α stabilisation can overcome the
blunted hypoxic response induced by insulin resistance. In vivo this
corrected the abnormal metabolic phenotype and impaired post-ischaemic
recovery of the diabetic heart. Therefore, molidustat may be an
effective compound to further explore the clinical translatability of
HIF1α activation in the diabetic heart.
Representação do gênio e do homem de gosto:
Authors: FAÇANHA LUCIANO DA SILVA
Published: September 2021

Na história da filosofia, é perceptível a existência de uma dificuldade em relação ao indivíduo criador daquilo que deu-se o nome de representação artística. Da antiguidade clássica até a modernidade, determinou-se, sob a luz de algumas correntes de pensamento, conceitos relacionados às características do artista. Entre a representação de um Gênio divinamente inspirado e a representação de um Homem de Gosto apurado por sua formação educacional, transitaram estes conceitos. Propõe-se examinar e expor o pensamento de alguns autores da antiguidade grega ao filósofo genebrino Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Etnocentrismo e justiça:
Authors: MARTINS BARREIRA MARCELO , SANSON JUNIOR JACIR SILVIO
Published: September 2021

O artigo debate um caso narrado por Clifford Geertz. Um índio padecia de enfermidade renal, mas não largou seu tratamento mesmo depois de a equipe médica descobrir que ele era alcoólatra. Essa situação expõe um conflito entre identidades multiculturais em sociedades ocidentais modernas. Ponderamos as dificuldades dos agentes de saúde envolvidos em reconhecerem, de modo recíproco, seus valores com aqueles indígenas, no caso. Analisamos o quanto se caracteriza de “etnocêntrica” a tradição liberal que pode garantir, segundo Richard Rorty, o direito do povo indígena à assistência médica. Relacionamos o conceito bimodal de justiça que, segundo Nancy Fraser, é indispensável para tratar questões de reconhecimento sem eclipsar os problemas de redistribuição.
Descartes e a história
Authors: MENEZES EDMILSON
Published: September 2021

O objetivo do trabalho é recompor a abordagem cartesiana acerca da história, para identificar e discutir as consequências da sua exclusão do projeto de reformulação do conhecimento pretendido pelo autor do Discurso do Método, especialmente os efeitos para um pensamento posterior, que irá se contrapor à ideia de história como simples fato natural.
Biomecânica e Traumatologia na Natação
Authors:   Aluno do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina na Faculdade Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra (FMUC), Martins Farinha Pedro , Lino Moura Diogo ,   Faculdade Medicina da Universidade Coimbra; Serviço de Ortopedia do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra - Portugal
Published: September 2021

A prática desportiva da natação é frequente em todo o mundo, sobretudo na época do verão. Alguns dos praticantes são nadadores profissionais, estando estes mais suscetíveis à ocorrência de lesões. Um nadador de competição realiza mais de um milhão de movimentos de rotação do ombro por semana, estando por isso sujeito a lesões por sobreuso, fundamentalmente da articulação glenoumeral. O principal fator de risco é o elevado volume de treino que potencia a fadiga muscular precoce e consequentemente o risco de lesão do ombro por erros t cnicos. O conhecimento da biomecânica da natação permite identificar eventuais erros técnicos nos seus movimentos típicos, abrindo a porta para elaborar estratégias eficazes de prevenção de lesões relacionadas especificamente com os exercícios técnicos do nadador.
Limitar o Cabeceamento da Bola no Jovem Futebolista
Authors:   Rio Ave F C. Vila Nova de Gaia - Portugal, Ribeiro Basil
Published: September 2021

...De acordo com American Academy of Pediatrics (2000) a taxa de lesão da cabeça varia entre 4,9% e 22% das lesões do futebol ocorridas em adolescentes, num universo de cerca de 13 milhões de praticantes com menos de 18 anos de idade... Associação Inglesa de Futebol (AIF) publicou as novas orientações sobre o cabecear da bola durante os treinos dos jovens futebolistas (até aos 18 anos de idade), ... Os últimos resultados do FIELD study (Football’s Influence on Lifelong health and Dementia risk) foram publicados em 2 de agosto último... Trata-se do maior estudo (retrospetivo de coorte) até agora realizado, que investigou com detalhe o risco de doença neurodegenerativa (DND) no desporto em geral, ... Entretanto, a FIFA, através do seu porta-voz, veio informar que “saúda a investigação realizada (FIELD study) e assume a sua responsabilidade muito seriamente sobre este tópico acerca da saúde dos jogadores e que continuará a ser uma prioridade no desenvolvimento do jogo...
Mechanical Sound Flux Amplifier for Diagnostics by the Auscultation Methods
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, Murzinov V.L. , Murzinov P.V. ,   Voronezh State Technical University, Murzinov Yu.V. ,   Voronezh State Technical University
Published: September 2021

The article notes that occupational safety in industry largely depends on the working equipment reliability. Among the various methods of maintaining equipment operability, there is a diagnostic method that helps to identify hidden defects before they appear. Thanks to equipment diagnostics, it is possible to increase safety, avoid accidents, catastrophes, and minimize repair and operation costs. There are two types of diagnostic methods: contact and non-contact. The most efficient non-contact methods are acoustic methods that are not associated with the destruction of the equipment under study. The possibility of applying the methods of auscultation used in medicine for diagnosing the state of industrial equipment is shown. Various methods and devices of auscultation are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of currently existing auscultation devices are noted. The design of an auscultation device with a mechanical sound flux seal is presented. Mechanical sealing of the sound flux is based on the parabolic reflectors use. The efficiency of using parabolic reflective surfaces is shown. A relationship is obtained that relates the magnitude of the amplification of the sound flux with the dimensions of the auscultation device. The results of calculations of the increase in the sound level in the auscultation device show that even with a sufficiently small ratio of the diameter of the inlet for the sound flux to the diameter of the outlet cross section of the sound flux and the diameter of the reduced parabolic reflector, a noticeable increase in the sound level is obtained when using a mechanical amplifier of the sound flux in the auscultation device.
Problems of Improving Working Capacity of the Operators at High-Tech Industries
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Vishnevskaya N.L. , Plakhova L.V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Liskova M.Yu. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: September 2021

Modern high-tech industry intensifies the production load on operators. The problem of maintaining a high level of working capacity and error-free work is growing. Earlier studies revealed that the work of operators in hermetically sealed rooms is characterized by the following: monotony, hypokinesia, lack of psychological and industrial contacts, static muscle tension, as well as a lot of frequently repeated small movements caused by the fact that the technical system is controlled indirectly — through the remote control. The operator is affected by the factors of a closed production environment (microclimate) and the labor process (work and rest mode, long working shifts), which together form a general status called fatigue. The main factor that causes fatigue is the integral extensive intensity of the activity. The dynamics of physiological processes characterizing fatigue and the possibility of erroneous actions were evaluated. It is established that low-intensity factors, which form the working conditions of operators of high-tech industrial complexes, provoke persistent fatigue, a decrease in the functional reserves of the body, the development and aggravation of professionally caused diseases. The degree of fatigue was assessed by the indicators of the latent time of sensorimotor reactions, the stability of attention and the error of actions. The obtained data confirm the need in developing effective ways and means of maintaining working capacity. In particular, the regulated breaks and pauses filled with the specially developed schemes of isometric exercises, should be introduced (according to a special schedule) into the work and rest mode with a 12-hour schedule. The study substantiates the need for further making recommendations on the development of preventive measures to optimize the working conditions of the operators in high-tech industries.
Improving the Geodynamic Safety of the Developed Hydrocarbon Fields in the Oil and Gas Bearing Basin
Authors:   OFRC UrO RAN, Vladov Yu.R. ,   NOTs, Orenburg State University, Nesterenko M.Yu. ,   Orenburg Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nesterenko Yu.M. ,   Orenburg Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladova A.Yu. ,   ICS RAS,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The predominant area of application of the developed methodology is the construction of the distribution of the geodynamic state of the developed hydrocarbon fields in oil and gas basin, and the identification of the corresponding distribution law. A number of the hydrocarbon deposits in terms of geological conditions of occurrence, structure and other parameters are geodynamically hazardous during their development. The Federal Law «On Subsurface Resources» (Article 24) requires conducting a complex of geological, surveying, and other observations sufficient for ensuring a normal technological cycle of work, and the prediction of hazardous situations. The developed methodology based on the construction of aggregated additive models for each reservoir and field is presented. It includes four sequential stages (24 operations): first — prepare geodynamic data; second — determine the geodynamic state of productive strata; third — find the geodynamic state of the developed deposits subsoil; fourth — build the distribution of the bowels geodynamic state of these fields for the entire oil and gas basin and identify the relevant distribution law. Oil and gas basin in the west of the Orenburg Region (Volga — Ural and Caspian oil and gas provinces) is considered as an example of implementation. Unique data of twenty geodynamic parameters of 320 productive strata (56 fields) were used. It is revealed that in accordance with the Pearson criterion, the theoretical data with a high confidence probability (95 %) correspond to the law of normal distribution. Developed methodology has significant technical and economic advantages, since it allows to identify the geodynamic state of productive strata and subsoil of the fields being developed, to identify hazardous geodynamic processes and to choose rational modes for the development of hydrocarbon deposits.
Development of the Potential for the Cheap Explosives in Russia
Authors:   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Viktorov S.D. , Frantov A.E. ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lapikov I.N. ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

The most accessible and popular means of destruction of rocks, which are used in the extraction of ores, non-metallic minerals, mining and chemical raw materials, are the cheap explosives, in the Russian technical literature called granulites or AS-DT, in the foreign — ANFO. The article presents the research carried out to improve the formulation and explosive properties of granulites A6, Igdanit, Igdanit-P, A3. They are aimed at using the modern raw material base, increasing the efficiency of blasting, the safety of manufacturing and loading drill holes and boreholes, maintaining a balanced composition, and preserving physical stability, providing energy potential with secondary aluminum additives. Further development of granulites is aimed at creating a line of formulations using saltpeter with variable technical parameters, mixed fuels in the form of liquid (waste oil products, fuel mixtures, diesel fuel) and solid (coal powder, coke fines, rubber crumbs) phases. Based on the use of the cheap explosives in the formulation of recycling materials formed at the mining enterprises, blasting technologies are being improved, and mixing and charging equipment is being developed. The proposed approaches are aimed at maintaining high technical and economic indicators of the use of explosives, ensuring the stationarity of the explosive process and the completeness of detonation of granulites reducing the sensitivity to mechanical and thermal influences, and maintaining susceptibility to initiation by practical means of an explosive pulse. When compiling the new formulations of granulites to reduce production costs, it is proposed to use the most economical types of oxidants and fuels with ensuring quality control of mixing components with different technological properties and conditioning the temperature-viscosity properties of the waste oil products.
Strategi Sekolah Dalam Membentuk Sikap Disiplin Peserta Didik di SD Negeri 01 Kinali
Authors: Noviana Risna , Rahman Rini
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini untuk melihat strategi kepala sekolah dan pendidik dalam membentuk sikap disiplin peserta didik, kendala yang ditemukan pendidik dalam membentuk sikap disiplin peserta didik, selanjutnya bagaimana solusi dalam menghadapi kendala tersebut. peneltian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data diambil dari sembilan orang informan melalui wawancara langsung ke lapangan yang terdiri dari kepala sekolah, wali kelas, guru Pendidikan Agama Islam, dan peserta didik. Untuk memperkuat data penelitian, penulis juga mengambil data melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Seluruh data wawancara dianalis dengan cara pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian dan diakhiri dengan pengambilan kesimpulan. Secara keseluruhan hasil penelitian mendapati bahwa, pertama, pada aspek strategi terdapat lima langkah yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dan pendidik dalam membentuk sikap disiplin yaitu keteladanan, pembiasaan, mensosialisasikan peraturan, memberikan hukuman serta memberikan reward atau hadiah bagi peserta didik yang memiliki sikap disiplin yang baik. Kedua, kendala yang ditemukan yaitu kurangnya kesadaran peserta didik akan pentingnya memilki sikap disiplin, minimnya pengetahuan peserta didik terhadap peraturan atau tata tertib sekolah, dan peserta didik terpengaruh oleh lingkungan pergaulannya. Ketiga, solusi yang dilakukan yaitu kerja sama antara elemen-elemen sekolah dan kerja sama antara guru dan orang tua peserta didik.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Demokratis Orang Tua terhadap Kedisiplinan Ibadah Siswa Kelas XI IPS 4 di SMA N 1 Luhak Nan Duo
Authors: Hayati Rahmah , Murniyetti Murniyetti
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya kedisiplinan ibadah siswa kelas XI IPS 4 dalam melaksanakan ibadah shalat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola asuh demokratis orang tua dan kedisiplinan ibadah siswa, serta menguji hubungan pola asuh demokratis orang tua terhadap kedisiplinan ibadah siswa kelas XI IPS 4 di SMA N 1 Luhak Nan Duo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pedekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis deskriptif korelasional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistic deskriptif dengan teknik presentase. Untuk menguji normalitas, linearitas dan hubungan antarvariabel menggunakan analisis statistic produk momen pearson dibantu program SPSS 20. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara keseluruhan gambaran pola asuh demokratis orang tua dan kedisiplinan ibadah siswa berada pada kategori sedang. Hasil perhitungan analisis korelasional product moment antara pola asuh demokratis orang tua terhadap kedisiplinan ibadah siswa di SMA N 1 Luhak Nan Duo diperoleh sebesar 0,285. Hal ini menunjukkan tidak terdapatnya hubungan antara pola asuh demokratis orang tua dengan kedisiplinan ibadah siswa.
A REVIEW ON AN EMERGIN TREND BILAYER FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors:   Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies, Ujjain, 456664 (M.P.) India, CHOURASIYA ANJALI , GEHALOT NARENDRA ,   Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies, Ujjain, 456664 (M.P.) India, MAHAJAN SURESH CHANDRA ,   Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies, Ujjain, 456664 (M.P.) India
Published: September 2021

NDDS is advanced drug delivery system which improves drug potency, control drug release to give a sustained therapeutic effect, provide greater safety, finally it is to target a drug specifically to a desired tissue. Novel drug delivery system have been developed to overcome the limitation of conventional drug delivery systems, such as of gastric retention by decreasing fluctuations in the concentration of the drug in blood,resulting in the reduction in unwanted toxicity and poor efficiency. As compared to traditional dosage forms bilayer tablets are more efficient for sequential release of two drugs that can be different or identical. Bilayer tablet is also capable of separating two incompatible substances and also for sustained release. Gastro retentive drug delivery system retains the period of dosage forms in the stomach or upper gastro intes-tinal tract ,as to improve bioavailability and the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs. Mainly the bilayer drug delivery system is suitable for drugs whose therapethic windows are narrow in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and also they have low elimination half life: 3-4 h. The purpose of this review is to disclose the challenges faced during the formulation of bilayer tablets. Finally, the whole article is firmly analyzed in a concluding paragraph. KEYWORDS: Conventional drug delivery systems, Bilayer tablet, Gastro retentive, Bioavailability
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF LANSOPRAZOLE BY SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies, Ujjain, 456664 (M.P.) India, CHOURSIYA ARTI , PANDIT DEEPIKA ,   Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies, Ujjain, 456664 (M.P.) India
Published: September 2021

The present study was focused on preparation and evaluation of Lanzoprazole fast dissolving tablets. Lansoprazole (LAN) is a proton pump inhibitor drug and used for the treatment of gastric ulcer. Lansoprazole is acid labile drug and to avoid the acidic pH of the stomach LAN is formulated as oral fast dissolving tablets. Lansoprazole is the class II drug of the BCS classification and has a low aqueous solubility. Hence, to improve the solubility of the drug we have prepared Lansoprazole solid dispersion with poly ethylene glycol and complex with β cyclodextrin. Fast Dissolving tablets of LAN were formulated using different superdisintegrants like Sodium Starch Glycolate, Cross Povidone, Cross Carmellose Sodium by direct compression method. The prepared fast dissolving tablets were evaluated for various parameters like weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, drug content, wetting time, in-vitro drug release and short term stability studies. Percentage weight variation, hardness, friability and drug content uniformity were found to be within the approved range for all the formulations. The in-vitro release studies showed that 99.6% of LAN within 90 sec. Overall, in the formulations prepared by the direct compression method, F3, which contains 6% CCS as super disintegrants release 99% of (LAN) in 2 min was found to be the best formulation. The results concluded that fast dissolving tablets of LAN showing enhanced dissolution might lead to improved bioavailability and effective therapy for gastric ulcer. KEYWORDS: β cyclodextrin, Cross Povidone, Fast dissolving tablets, Gastric ulcer, Lanzoprazole, Solid dispersion
New Zealand School Journals, 1960s-70s
Authors: White Tina
Published: September 2021

In this commentary, Tina White draws on her collection of the New Zealand School Journal to illustrate how by the 1960s and 1970s the Journal commissioned content from some of the country’s best writers, illustrators and photographers. Founded in 1907 with the high-minded aim to develop among New Zealand schoolchildren an “appreciation of the higher literature”, it is believed to be the longest running serial publication for children in the world with around 750,000 copies published annually in four parts. Athol McCredie, who writes on the New Zealand photobook in this issue, once described the New Zealand School Journal as an element of New Zealanders’ cultural consciousness – “remembered as evocatively as the smell of stale school milk, the feel of chalk and finger paint, and the steamy atmosphere of a classroom of wet bodies on a rainy day”.
New Zealand Music in the Popular Imagination 1988-2010: Revisiting a Moment for ‘Our Music’.
Authors: Mollgaard Matt
Published: September 2021

From the late 1980s until around 2010 a new type of national conversation arose around music created in Aotearoa/ New Zealand. This conversation was played out in popular literature, public forums, academic research and ultimately in government policy outputs. This period of energy and enthusiasm for claiming a unique musical heritage and in developing the cultural, social and economic potential of this music was brief, but notable. Looking back, we can clean interesting insights into a period of real enthusiasm for New Zealand music as an important signifier of what it meant to be ‘from New Zealand’ through books about New Zealand music aimed at mainstream audiences. This interest in discussing New Zealand music in new ways was also reflected in the academy, with attempts to deconstruct the popularity of New Zealand music and government involvement in it being published around the same time. This article is by no means an exhaustive history of this period in New Zealand music literature, but a review of key books and the common themes that strung them together in what represents not a canon, but a moment in New Zealand music that captured the popular imagination and was celebrated in print as well as discussed in broader academic forums too. This moment can be critiqued as gendered – dominated by male writers and therefore male perspectives, but that is not the purpose of this article. This flurry of publishing is cast here as a reaction to popular culture that was very much of its time and the wider contexts of New Zealand’s socio-political culture during that period. It is argued that ultimately, this rash of books about New Zealand music reflected an energy around trying to connect New Zealand music to the wider work of identifying and celebrating a maturing and definitive understanding of what it meant to be from New Zealand. This fed a wider interest in New Zealand music as significant inside the academy andalso within government agencies charged with supporting cultural work.
Ballerinas and Band Aids: The Performances of Urban Art in Post-Earthquake Christchurch
Authors: Woods Reuben
Published: September 2021

While graffiti and street art span generations and all corners of the globe, it was still unexpected when Christchurch,a New Zealand city identified by many as a colonial English transplant with a perceived conservative air, was positionedas an urban art ‘destination’ in the wake of the devastating cluster of earthquakes in 2010 and 2011.1 Historically lacking a strong sense of street culture, such as that in New Orleans (which suffered similar devastation after Hurricane Katrina, 2005), Christchurch's post-quake landscape encouraged public discourses and as such required new approaches to shared space.2 As public expressions with do-it-yourself qualities already predisposed to make use of the post-quake landscape, graffiti and street art proved fitting additions to this terrain. They signified life and rebirth, while also engaging with loss and change, revealing the structures of urban and suburban existence, and creating political discourses.
The cover of Herbs’ first Pacific reggae album: Perusing the paratext
Authors: Turner Elizabeth
Published: September 2021

The cover of Herbs’ award-winning EP What’s Be Happen? is dominated by an image of the final day of the Bastion Point occupation in Ōrākei, Auckland on 25 May, 1978. Released in 1981, the album has been recognised in a number of music industry awards for its important contribution to cultural life in Aotearoa New Zealand, and for the musician’s brave political stance in a period of activism that achieved significant social change. This article presents an analysis of the ways in which the record cover acts as a visual and textual introduction to the songs it encloses. Drawing on theorisations of features of paratext such as the title and images on a record sleeve as thresholding devices and as textual extensions of the records they enclose, the paper explores Herbs’ album title, the typographic forms of the title and the band’s name, and the use of colour, as well as the textual organisation of the songs on the two sides of the record. With reference to the social and political context at the time of the album’s release, the article offers an interpretation of the identifications and values signified by these elements of the cover, as carriers of meaning.
Peter Peryer (1941–2018)
Authors: Van Dyk Sian
Published: September 2021

On his fridge, Peter Peryer kept a quote by Ansell Adams that read: “You don’t make a photograph just with a camera. You bring to the act of photography all the pictures you have seen, the books that you have read, the music you have heard, the people you have loved”. This photographic essay considers how Peryer’s personal experiences and passions became intertwined with his practice, and how his understanding of the photographic image saw him create enduring images that will continue to test our own observations of everyday life.