bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ferroptosis suppressor 1 regulates ferroptosis and mitochondrial function during mouse oocyte maturation
Authors: Ruan Hongzhen , Xiang Huifen , Liu Yajing , Wang Peiwen , Dong Liuliu , Chen Yaxin , Zhang Yingying , Ma Cong , Wang Mengyao , Wu Caiyun , Cao Yunxia , Liang Dan , Ding Zhiming
Published: July 2024

Oocyte quality is critical for fertilization and embryo development. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis may compromise oocyte quality. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) is a ferroptosis inhibitor with an undefined role in oocyte quality regulation during meiotic maturation. Here, we found that FSP1 is expressed throughout all stages of meiotic maturation and localizes to the cytoplasm of mouse oocytes. A decline in FSP1 expression was observed in the ovaries and oocytes of aged mice. Pharmacological inhibition of FSP1 caused a failure in germinal vesicle breakdown and polar body emission, accompanied by spindle abnormalities and chromosome misalignment. Moreover, FSP1 inhibition consistently activated the spindle assembly checkpoint, inducing meiotic arrest. Mechanistically, FSP1 inhibition increased Fe2+ content, elevated dihydroethidium levels, promoted reactive oxygen species buildup, and heightened lipid peroxidation. Additionally, it dysregulated the expression of ferroptosis-related genes, suggesting that oocytes underwent ferroptosis. Furthermore, FSP1 inhibition provoked mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by abnormal mitochondrial localization, reduced ATP levels, and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. In summary, our findings demonstrate that FSP1 participates in oocyte meiotic maturation through its involvement in iron homeostasis and mitochondrial activity, and FSP1 inhibition results in ferroptosis-dependent meiotic failure.
Speeding up hierarchical reinforcement learning using state-independent temporal skills
Authors: Azadkhah Leila , Davoodi Omid , Ghazanfari Mohammad , Mozayani Nasser
Published: July 2024

Hierarchical reinforcement learning has the potential to expedite long-term decision-making by abstracting policies into multiple levels. Encouraging outcomes have been observed in challenging reward environments through the use of skills, defined as sequences of basic actions. While existing methods based on offline data have shown promise, the resulting lower-level policies may suffer from unreliability due to limited demonstration coverage or shifts in distribution. To address this limitation, we propose a novel approach to autonomously identify state-independent temporal skills (SITS) by extracting the most repetitive action sequences from a trained agent. These skills, acquired in a simpler source task, can then be transferred to a more complex target task to enhance the agent’s training efficiency, particularly during the exploration phase. Our method is independent of other hierarchical reinforcement learning techniques and can be used in conjunction with them. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of incorporating SITS in addressing complex RL challenges.
Maedi-visna in Pomeranian Coarsewool sheep in Germany: Seroprevalence, environmental and genetic risk factors
Authors: Frölich Cassandra , Lühken Gesine , Ganter Martin
Published: July 2024

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause maedi-visna (MV), an incurable, wasting disease affecting sheep worldwide. This study evaluated the seroprevalence of the maedi-visna virus (MVV) in the endangered German Pomeranian Coarsewool Sheep (RPL) and identified environmental and genetic risk factors for individual and flock-level seropositivity. A total of 849 samples from 35 farms across 9 German states were analyzed for MVV antibodies. Individual seroprevalence and clinical incidence were 3.5% and 13.3%, respectively. Seropositive sheep were detected in 6 flocks, with prevalences between 5.3% and 37.5%. Eastern German flocks and sheep older than 3 years showed the highest seroprevalence. Purchasing positive ewes was identified as the main risk factor for seropositivity. Serotyping of SRLV in the MVV-positive sheep identified besides genotype A for the first time in Germany genotypes B and E, suggesting multiple routes of virus introduction into this breed. Furthermore, 530 sheep from 54 flocks were genotyped for position 35 of the ovine transmembrane protein 154 (TMEM154) coding region. The putative protective TMEM154 genotype KK and allele K were present in 28% and 53%, respectively. Association analysis between TMEM154 genotypes and MVV seropositivity showed only a tendency towards significance, potentially confounded by the low number of positive sheep and/or different SRLV genotypes. Despite a low MVV seroprevalence in the RPL breed in Germany, regular monitoring is strongly recommended to avoid its spread. Selection of sheep for the less susceptible TMEM154 genotype KK may help to eradicate the disease in affected flocks but requires further investigation.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Vs Chemoradiotherapy for Malignancy of Oesophagus (NAMO Study)
Authors: Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Jain Vishu , Selvakumar B , Soni Subhash , Varshney Peeyush , Agarwal Lokesh , Suman Sunita , Pareek Puneet , Goel Akhil Dhanesh , Hussain Sabir , Elhence Poonam
Published: July 2024

Background
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT) followed by surgery has become the standard of care in the management of oesophageal cancer. This study was intended to compare the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with NACRT for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oesophagus in terms of tolerability and oncological benefit.
Methods
A non-randomised controlled study was conducted from July 2019 to August 2023. Either NACT or NACRT was given to all resectable oesophagus cancer (Clinical staged IB–IIIC) patients based on their choice after counselling and proper consent. Post neoadjuvant therapy, all patients underwent Mckeown’s esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy. Radiological and pathological response, peri-operative morbidity, mortality, recurrence-free and overall survival were compared.
Results
Out of 75 patients enrolled, after exclusion, 30 patients had received NACT, and 33 received NACRT. The pre-operative demographics, clinical tumor & nodal stage and post-neoadjuvant therapy-related adverse events were comparable in the two groups. The median number of LNs retrieved (21 vs 19, p = 0.19), R0 resection rate (100% vs 94%) and perineural invasion were similar (36.7% vs 24.2%, p-value: 0.283) in both. Although the pathological response was significantly better in the NACRT arm at a median follow-up of 32.5 (20.75–48) months, the median recurrence-free survival was higher in the NACT than the NACRT group (57 vs 36 months, p-value – 0.831), and overall survival was yet to reach in both groups.
Conclusions
NACT has non-inferior oncological and survival outcomes vis a-vis patients receiving NACRT. NACT could be a feasible alternative to NACRT in SCC of the oesophagus, especially in situations where radiotherapy is not feasible.
Surgical outcomes of unilateral medial rectus recession for partially accommodative esotropia
Authors: Hwang Jeong-Min , Yang Hee Kyung , Lee Donghun
Published: July 2024

We investigated the long-term outcomes of unilateral medial rectus (UMR) recession surgery inpartially accommodative esotropia (PAET). Children aged ≤ 10 years with PAET who had residual esotropia of ≤ 25 prism diopters (PD) after full hypermetropic correction and underwent UMR recession were included. Medical records of patients who were followed up for at least 1 year postoperatively were retrospectively reviewed. Successful outcome was defined as phoria of ≤ 5 PD. Total of 28 patients were included. The preoperative esodeviation at distance fixation was 15.5 ± 3.7 PD (range, 10–25 PD). The mean dose of UMR recession was 5.64 ± 0.68 mm (range, 4.0–7.0 mm). The average postoperative follow-up time was 4.4 ± 3.1 years. At the last examination, esodeviation significantly decreased to 6.2 ± 13.8 PD and the surgical success rate was 53.6%. In the success group, the age at surgery was older (P = 0.005), the duration of wearing prism glasses was longer (P = 0.030), and the amount of UMR recession was greater (P < 0.001) than in the failure group. Only half of the patients with small to moderate angle PAET achieved successful long-term outcomes through UMR recession. Having sufficient time to wear prism glasses before surgery to achieve good binocularity and receiving a sufficient amount of surgical correction may improve surgical success.
A Privacy Preservation Model for Dynamic Trajectory Datasets
Authors: Riyana Surapon
Published: July 2024

Trajectory datasets are proposed to collect the visited location path of users and their visited times.They are generally used in location-awareness applications.Aside from these applications, they are often released to the data analyst with a suitable business reason.Although they are more beneficial, they have several issues that must be considered when they are utilized, e.g., data privacy and data utility.To achieve data privacy and data utility in trajectory datasets, a well-known privacy preservation model, LKC-Privacy, was proposed. That is, before trajectory datasets are utilized, the at most L-size of unique subsequent paths are suppressed to be at least K indistinguishable tuples.Moreover, the protected sensitive values relate to each group of indistinguishable subsequent paths, they must have the confidence of data re-identification to be at most C. Thus, the trajectory datasets are satisfied by LKC-Privacy constraints, they can guarantee that all at most $L$-size of subsequent paths always have at least K - 1 duplicate tuples and every protected sensitive value has the confidence of successful re-identification to be at most C.However, LKC-Privacy is proposed to address privacy violation issues in trajectory datasets that are focused on performing one-time data releases.To the best of our knowledge about trajectory datasets, some trajectory datasets are dynamic, i.e., they allow change when new data is available.Thus, LKC-Privacy could be insufficient to address privacy violation issues in these trajectory datasets.To rid this vulnerability of LKC-Privacy, a new LKC-Privacy is proposed in this work.Moreover, the proposed model is evaluated by extensive experiments. From the experimental results, they show that the proposed privacy preservation model is more effective than LKC-Privacy.
Serum assisted PD-L1 aptamer screening for improving its stability
Authors: Zhou Yu , Zhang Haozhe , Ding Yujing , Yu Changyuan , Li Hao
Published: July 2024

Aptamers have shown potential for diagnosing clinical markers and targeted treatment of diseases. However, their limited stability and short half-life hinder their broader applications. Here, a real sample assisted capture-SELEX strategy is proposed to enhance the aptamer stability, using the selection of specific aptamer towards PD-L1 as an example. Through this developed selection strategy, the aptamer Apt-S1 with higher binding affinity and specificity towards PD-L1 was obtained as compared to the aptamer Apt-A2 which was screened by the traditional capture-SELEX strategy. Moreover, Apt-S1 exhibited a greater PD-L1 binding associated conformational change than Apt-A2, indicating its suitability as a biorecognition element. These findings highlight the potential of Apt-S1 in clinical applications requiring robust and specific targeting of PD-L1. Significantly, Apt-S1 exhibited a lower degradation rate in 10% diluted serum or pure human serum, under the physiological temperature and pH value, compared to Apt-A2. This observation suggested that Apt-S1 possesses higher stability and is more resistant to damage caused by the serum environmental factors, highlighting the superior stability of Apt-S1 over Apt-A2. Furthermore, defatted and deproteinized serum were used to investigate the potential reasons for the improved stability of Apt-S1. The results hinted that the pre-adaptation to nucleases present in serum during the selection process might have contributed to its higher stability. With its improved stability, higher affinity and specificity, Apt-S1 holds great potential for applications in PD-L1 assisted cancer diagnosis and treatment. Meanwhile, the results obtained in this work provide further evidence of the advantages of the real capture-SELEX strategy in improving aptamer stability compared to the traditional strategy.
ChronoBridge: A Novel Framework for Enhanced Temporal and Relational Reasoning in Temporal Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Liu Qian , Feng Siling , Huang MengXing , Bhatti Uzair Aslam
Published: July 2024

The prediction task of entities and relationships in Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) extrapolation is crucial and extensively studied. Mainstream algorithms like Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models primarily focus on encoding historical factual features within TKGs, often neglecting the importance of incorporating entity and relationship features during decoding. This bias ultimately leads to loss of detail and inadequate prediction accuracy during the inference process .Addressing this issue, a novel ChronoBridge framework is proposed, featuring a dual mechanism of a Chronological node Encoder and a Bridged Feature Fusion Decoder. Specifically, the Temporal Node Encoder employs an advanced recursive neural network with enhanced GRU in an autoregressive manner to model historical KG sequences, thereby accurately capturing entity changes over time and significantly enhancing the model’s ability to identify and encode temporal patterns of facts across the timeline. Meanwhile, the Bridge Feature Fusion Decoder utilizes a new variant of GRU and a multi-layer perceptron mechanism during the prediction phase to extract entity and relationship features and fuse them for inference, thereby strengthening the model’s reasoning capabilities for future events.Test results on three standard datasets demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to existing techniques, with a 25.21% increase in Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR) accuracy for prediction tasks and a 39.38% improvement in relationship inference, thus validating its effectiveness. This breakthrough not only enhances understanding of temporal evolution in knowledge graphs but also paves the way for future research and applications in TKG reasoning.
Digitalisation and Green Strategies: A systematic review of the Textile, Apparel and Fashion Industries
Authors: Orisadare Emmanuel Ayo , Achukwu Okechukwu Emmanuel , Ogunyemi Abiodun Afolayan , Adedeji Deborah Oluwayemisi , Diyaolu Idowu Jamiu , Ugwu Eunice Ifenyinwa , Oluwatope Ayodeji Oludola , Bakare Kudirat Oyebisi , Awoyelu Iyabo Olukemi
Published: July 2024

The Textile, Apparel, and Fashion (TAF) industries significantly contribute to national gross domestic products but also account for 20% of global pollution. The Industry 4.0 (I 4.0) framework, incorporating technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence, and robotics, enables smart and efficient manufacturing production, leading to more significant economic outputs. However, it also brings about issues like automation-related tensions, energy efficiency, and waste management and other sustainable practice demands. The Industry 5.0 (I 5.0) framework addresses the issues created by Industry 4.0 in many areas, especially promoting human-centric sustainable practices, social interaction, and a proper synergy between man and machine. This article examined the issues closely based on a systematic review of 42 peer-reviewed studies from 2013 to 2023 exploring the dynamics between technological advancements and sustainable practices in the TAF industries. The review identified technological implementations, circular economy support, and challenges associated with implementing the I 4.0 and 5.0 frameworks. The article analyses significant research using a descriptive literature review to understand the strategies, impact, and challenges of digitalisation and green transition in TAF industries' production and sustainability. The findings reveal a big dichotomy between the Global North and Global South TAF firms, indicating a more contextualised approach is required to integrate I 4.0 and 5.0 approaches and promote sustainable production practices. This study offers a synthesised overview of the current landscape, providing insights for stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers engaged in navigating the TAF industries towards a sustainable, digitally advanced, circular economy future.
Formation of productivity elements of winter wheat varieties depending on agrotechnical factors in the conditions of the central Forest-­Steppe
Authors: Demydov O. A. , Dubovyk N. S. , Kyrylenko V. V. , Gumeniuk O. V. , Siroshtan A. A. , Sabadyn V. Y. , Kumanska Yu. O. , Los R. M. , Vlasenko I. S. , Lashuk S. O.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To determine the elements of productivity of new winter wheat varieties of the Myronivka breeding in the conditions of the central Ukrainian Forest­Steppe, depending on the predecessors and sowing dates. Methods. The research was conducted in 2019–2021 in a four­factor experiment on the fields of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS (MIW), located in the central part of the Ukrainian Forest­Steppe. The subject of the research was the processes of productivity formation of soft winter wheat; five new varieties of Myronivka breeding (‘MIP Fortuna’, ‘MIP Lada’, ‘MIP Yuvileina’, ‘Avrora Myronivska’, ‘MIP Lakomka’) were compared with the standard (‘Podolianka’). The trials were designed according to two predecessors – the common sunflower and soybean; sowing was carried out on 25 September and 5 October with a deviation of 1–3 days. Results. According to the results of the research, the optimal growth and development of the plants of the soft winter wheat varieties in the corresponding phenological phases, as well as the formation of the ear during the gro­wing season were ensured. The best vegetation period was in 2019, when the length of the central ear was more than 10.00 cm. Taking into account the influence of the sowing date after predecessors such as the common sunflower and soybean, the varieties ‘MIP Lada’ and ‘MIW Fortuna’ proved to be stable in terms of central spike length, providing high plant productivity. An important element of the latter is the number of grains in the spike, which was highest in ‘Avrora Myronivska’ (61 pcs) in 2021 at the second sowing date. Grain weight values from the central ear also depended on variety, sowing date and predecessor. A direct correlation between the studied productivity indicators and yield was found. Conclusions. Following an analysis of the indicators of productivity formation, three valuable winter wheat varie­ties were identified as being suitable for cultivation in the Central Forest­Steppe of Ukraine. These are ‘MIP Fortuna’, ‘MIW Lada’ and ‘MIW Lakomka’.
Critical Thinking Skills (CTS) through Augmented Reality Worksheets using The Inquiry-Scaffolding Models
Authors: Ardhi Saputri Affa , Ellany Mohtar Lilia , Arsini Arsini , Said Prastyo Irman , Surya Fitra Ilham
Published: July 2024

Critical thinking skills (CTS) are important for training in physics. This research aims to train students' CTS through augmented reality worksheets with the inquiry-scaffolding model. The research participants comprised 36 third-semester physics education students at UIN Walisongo Semarang. This research utilized a pre-experimental method employing a one-group pre-test post-test design. The enhanced CTS was assessed using the N-gain test. The analysis of students' CTS yielded four categories: very less critical, less critical, critical, and very critical. Implementing learning through augmented reality worksheets employing an inquiry-scaffolding model enhanced students' CTS by 0.30 with moderate criteria. The breakdown of students' CTS following the augmented reality worksheets with inquiry-scaffolding models showed a distribution of 19.44% less critical, 69.44% critical, and 11.11% very critical. From the research findings, it can be concluded that augmented reality worksheets using the inquiry-scaffolding model effectively train students' CTS in learning physics. Through learning with augmented reality worksheets, students are trained to analyze arguments, consider the validity of various sources, make inferences and general conclusions, and make decisions. Scaffolding procedure: explaining, modeling, and questioning can provide an overview of cause and effect, and abstraction of a concept as a provision to strengthen CTS.
Investigation of neurogenic dysphagia in commonly seen neurological diseases
Authors: Tanrıverdi Müberra , Düzenli Senanur , Sevinç Gündüz Merve , Arslantürk Ayça , Erekdağ Ayşenur
Published: July 2024

Neurological disorders lead to varying degrees of impairment in the functions of vital swallowing structures, such as the cortex, cerebellum, brainstem, cranial nerves, and muscles. Neurogenic dysphagia is observed in approximately 50% of common neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. Although the pathophysiology and course of the disease vary, dysphagia may occur at any stage of swallowing, including oral preparation, oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases. Neurogenic dysphagia ranks among the top symptoms that restrict patients’ independence in daily life activities, reduce their quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality rates. Despite being a prevalent and highly impactful symptom among patients, neurogenic dysphagia can go unnoticed among the multiple symptoms experienced by neurological disorders due to their nature. It is important to be aware of disease-specific risk factors for the early detection of neurogenic dysphagia. Overlooked dysphagia can lead to complications such as aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, malnutrition, and weight loss. Among these complications, aspiration pneumonia is the most common, requiring attention due to its recurrent hospitalizations, inpatient treatment, and high healthcare costs. Many patients exhibit common neurogenic dysphagia symptoms such as drinking liquids in small sips, cutting solid foods into small pieces, decreased appetite, and prolonged meal times. The aim of this study is to examine various aspects of neurogenic dysphagia in different neurological disorders, including its etiology, risk factors, symptoms, and prevalence.
Anesthesia management of a pediatric patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: A case report
Authors: Karaaslan Erol
Published: July 2024

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a rare chromosomal anomaly caused by the deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4. The leading causes of death are aspiration pneumonia, epilepsy, and infection. In this study, we aimed to present our anesthesia experience in a patient with WHS who was scheduled for cleft palate surgery and in whom we performed total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA).
In the clinical examination of our 8-year-old patient with WHS, weighing 13 kg, who was planned to undergo cleft palate surgery. Growth retardation, cleft palate, micrognathia, epicanthus and hyptonia were present. Anesthesia induction was performed with 1 mg/kg i.v lidocaine, 2 mg/kg i.v propofol and 1 mg/kg i.v fentanyl, 0.5 mg/kg i.v rocuronium bromide. TIVA (0.5 µg/kg/min remifentanil and 75 µg/kg/min propofol i.v) was used for maintenance of anesthesia. In the perioperative period, the pulse rate was 170 beats/min for a short time. Extubation was achieved 13 minutes after the end of surgery.
We think that TIVA (Propofol, remifentanil) and C-MAC videolaryngoscope as intubation device is a reliable method in the anesthetic management of children with WHS syndrome.
A Pharmacological Update of Triazole Derivative: A Review
Authors: Parthasarathi Venkatesan , Kanagaraj Hemalatha
Published: July 2024

:

Recently, a large number of novel heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have been synthesized, and studies on their biological functions have been conducted. Even though the triazole moiety of this scaffold appears to be fairly small, many researchers are interested in it be-cause of its biological profile and variety of potential uses. Triazole derivatives have been synthe-sized and published by various researchers as their important characteristic against various dis-eases. Several researchers are interested in this scaffold because of its biological profile and wide variety of potential uses, even if its triazole moiety seems to be somewhat less. The derivative of this heterocyclic ring produced various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticon-vulsant, hypoglycemic, antitubercular, anxiolytic, antimicrobial, antitumor, and anticancer. The current review article focuses on pharmacological profile associated with triazoles and mainly fo-cuses on structural modification done for various targets, along with a brief description of targets.
Immunologic Mechanisms of BCc1 Nanomedicine Synthesized by Nanochelating Technology in Breast Tumor-bearing Mice: Immunomodulation and Tumor Suppression
Authors: Karimi Pegah , Fakharzadeh Saideh , Kalanaky Somayeh , Hafizi Maryam , Hashemi Mehrdad , Mahdavi Mehdi , Nazaran Mohammad Hassan
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

The side effects of anti-cancer chemotherapy remain a concern for patients. So, designing
alternative medications seems inevitable. In this research, the immunological mechanisms of BCc1 nanomedicine
on tumor-bearing mice were investigated.

Methods:

BALB/c mice underwent tumor transplantation and were assigned into four groups. Group 1 was orally
administered with PBS buffer, Group 2 was orally administered BCc1 10 mg/kg, and Group 3 was orally administered
BCc1 40 mg/kg daily, respectively. In addition, a group of mice was administered Cyclophosphamide, 20
mg/kg daily. The weight and tumor volume of mice were evaluated bi-weekly. After 24 days of treatment, cytokines
and CTL assay in the spleen cell and the tumor were assessed. Furthermore, the spleen, liver, kidney, lung,
gut, and uterine tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Finally, the tumor samples were stained and
analyzed for FOXP3. The survival rate of mice was recorded.

Results:

The results confirmed the histological safety of BCc1. This nanomedicine, especially BCc1 10 mg/kg,
led to a strong IFN-γ response and suppressed TGF-β cytokine. The frequency of Treg in the tumor tissue of
BCc1 nanomedicine groups was decreased. In addition, nanomedicine repressed tumor volume and tumor weight
significantly, which was comparable to Cyclophosphamide. These immunologic events increased the survival rate
of BCc1-treated groups. The results indicate that BCc1 nanomedicine can suppress tumor growth and thereby
increase the survival rate of experimental mice.

Conclusion:

It seems a modulation in the tumor microenvironment and polarization toward a Th1 response may
be involved. So, BCc1 nanomedicine is efficient for human cancer therapy.
Neuroprotective Efficacy and Complementary Treatment with Medicinal Herbs: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Therapeutic Approaches in Epilepsy Management
Authors: Anand Amit , Shrivastava Aman , Singh Kuldeep , Barik Rakesh , Gayakwad Devshree , S Jailani , Shamim  , Dwivedi Sumeet
Published: July 2024

Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders affect millions of people worldwide, with a
significant proportion experiencing drug-resistant forms where conventional medications fail to
provide adequate seizure control. This abstract delves into recent advancements and innovative therapies
aimed at addressing the complex challenge of CNS-related drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE)
management. The idea of precision medicine has opened up new avenues for epilepsy treatment.
Herbs such as curcumin, ginkgo biloba, panax ginseng, bacopa monnieri, ashwagandha, and rhodiola
rosea influence the BDNF pathway through various mechanisms. These include the activation of
CREB, inhibition of NF-κB, modulation of neurotransmitters, reduction of oxidative stress, and anti-
inflammatory effects. By promoting BDNF expression and activity, these herbs support neuroplasticity,
cognitive function, and overall neuronal health. Novel antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) with
distinct mechanisms of action demonstrate efficacy in refractory cases where traditional medications
falter. Additionally, repurposing existing drugs for antiepileptic purposes presents a cost-effective
strategy to broaden therapeutic choices. Cannabidiol (CBD), derived from cannabis herbs, has garnered
attention for its anticonvulsant properties, offering a potential adjunctive therapy for refractory
seizures. In conclusion, recent advances and innovative therapies represent a multifaceted approach
to managing drug-resistant epilepsy. Leveraging precision medicine, neurostimulation technologies,
novel pharmaceuticals, and complementary therapies, clinicians can optimize treatment
outcomes and improve the life expectancy of patients living with refractory seizures. Genetic testing
and biomarker identification now allow for personalized therapeutic approaches tailored to individual
patient profiles. Utilizing next-generation sequencing techniques, researchers have elucidated
genetic mutations.
An Efficient Hybrid Spoofing/Spot-jamming Strategy on Unmanned
Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Ballouk Abdo , Chahine Mohamed Khaled , Alhariri Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Background:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) pose significant security risks to critical
infrastructures, potentially leading to accidents, attacks, or illicit surveillance. Robust prevention
measures are essential around strategic facilities. The navigation and control of UAV systems fundamentally
depend on the Global Positioning System (GPS). Consequently, jamming or spoofing
the GPS navigation system can significantly hinder the control and direct UAVs to their specified
destinations. This paper introduces a novel hybrid spoofing/spot jamming system aimed at fortifying
security against UAV threats.

Objective:

This study aims to propose and evaluate the efficiency of a hybrid spoofing/spotjamming
system to bolster security against UAVs.

Methods:

Leveraging a Software-Defined Radio (SDR) and complementary software tools, we
generated spoofing and jamming signals targeting the civilian-use signals of GPS satellites at the L1
frequency (1575.42 MHz), incorporating the Coarse Acquisition (C/A) code. The system enables
flexible timing adjustments within the navigation message to simulate fictitious locations.

Results:

Through comprehensive testing involving multiple commercial UAVs across three distinct
scenarios—reactive spoofing, proactive spoofing, and spot jamming followed by spoofing—the experiments
demonstrated superior efficacy in proactive spoofing and spot jamming followed by GPS
spoofing, compared to reactive spoofing alone.

Conclusion:

Proactive spoofing and spot jamming, followed by GPS spoofing, emerge as more effective
strategies for countering UAV threats, offering enhanced security measures for critical infrastructures
vulnerable to UAV intrusions. This hybrid approach holds promise in augmenting existing
defense mechanisms against evolving UAV-based security risks.
Chemical Composition and Antiparasitic Effects of Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl., Essential Oil against Echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces
Authors: Abidi Hassan , Bakhtiari Mohammadreza , Zoladl Mohammad , Mansourkhani Hossein Sadeghi , Razmjoue Damoun , Bahmani Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Hydatidosis is an infectious disease that occurs in the larval stage of
Echinococcus granulosus. Benzimidazoles are the only official and approved drugs for treatment, but their effectiveness varies among patients. Therefore, safe discoveries are needed for
new and safe herbal medicines and supplements to improve the treatment of this disease. The
current research was carried out to investigate the chemical composition of the plant essential
oil and its protoscolicidal effects on hydatid cyst protoscolex in laboratory conditions.

Methods:

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was performed to identify
the chemical composition of the essential oil EO(s). Hydatid cyst protoscoleces were collected
from infected sheep's liver and then treated with concentrations of EO(s) (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and
10 mg/mL) for 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes in laboratory conditions. Then, using eosin dye, the
viability of protoscolexes was examined.

Results:

According to GC/MS analyses, the main components of the EO(s) were β-Pinene
(27.01%), (+)-3-Carene (24.87%), α-Pinene (18.34%), and Sabinene (17.69%), respectively.
The killing effects of 5 and 10 minutes of exposure to 2.5 mg/ml of this essential oil were 100%
lethal. Statistical results showed that the best time was 5 minutes, with a concentration of 5
mg/mL as the lowest concentration and the shortest incubation time (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

Our findings show the strong protoscolide effects of P. ferulacea plant essential oil
in vitro. However, more studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of this plant as a
promising anti-inflammatory agent in vivo and clinical studies
Periodontal Tissue Homoeostasis, Immunity, the Red Complex Pathogens, and Dysbiosis: Unraveling the microRNA Effect
Authors: Mishra Swastik , Puzhankara Lakshmi
Published: July 2024

:

microRNAs are a family of small, non-coding RNA molecules that can regulate the
translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Numerous miRNAs have been proposed as potential
indicators for periodontal disease, and their regulation might serve as a potent means of restricting
the disease process.

:

MiRNAs act as important immune system regulators that promote the production of many cytokines,
including interferon (IFN), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-1as well as RANK. Investigations
pertaining to the use of specific miRNAs as therapeutic agents are underway. They
can influence a variety of regulatory organs and target several genes. Additionally, distinct components
of the same expression pathway can be controlled by combining miRNAs and their antagonists.
In recent years, many miRNA delivery methods have been created for therapeutic applications.

:

Studies pertaining to the role of miRNAs in periodontal disease pathogenesis may pave the way
for the use of miRNAs as biomarkers of periodontal disease. A complete understanding of the
role of miRNA in periodontal disease and its mechanism of action can pave the way towards
therapeutic strategies that can reduce or even prevent the progression of periodontal diseases.
Hypertension in light of Ayurveda - A Review Article
Authors: Manan Dilipbhai Gajera  , Nikhila Ranjan Nayak  , Aradhana Kande
Published: July 2024

Hypertension is most prevalent lifestyle disease in the world today, hypertension poses a challenge to the medical community because it is incurable yet manageable with continuous medication. India is known as the hypertension capital of the world. Due to its chronic nature and associated elevated risk of cardiovascular illnesses, hypertension presents an important issue for the public. It can be said that hypertension is a silent killer because many of its patients go undetected for a long time or are only discovered by accident. A better understanding of the applied physiology and etiopathogenesis of hypertension in the light of Ayurvedic principles is being attempted to fill this gap. In the mild and moderate levels, hypertension cannot be classified as a disease in Ayurveda if there are no specific symptoms. It seems to be an early stage of pathogenesis and a risk factor for the onset of conditions affecting the kidneys, eyes, heart, brain, and other organs. Although essential hypertension is not directly mentioned in Ayurvedic scriptures, disease can be explained using Ayurvedic principles. The cause of hypertension is Raktadushti, which also involves the Tridosha, with a strong vata and pittadosha influence. Here, a real attempt is undertaken to determine the Ayurvedic etiopathogenesis of essential hypertension. The present article is an attempt to throw some light on clinical understanding of Essential Hypertension (EHT) in terms of Ayurveda based clinical symptomatology of the patient along with insight on pathology as per Ayurveda.
Role of Ahara-Vihara and Rasayana in prevention of disease and maintenance of health
Authors: Ravindra Narayan  , Bhumika Bhardwaj  , Harshika Bhardwaj
Published: July 2024

Ahara and Vihara play very important role in getting these Prayojana. The crucial role of Ahara and Vihara is maintenance of Dhatus i.e., Dhatusamya, by which all physiological activity remain proper e.g. Dahana, Pachana, Chaya-Upachaya Kriya, etc. By Vihara the fitness and constitutional arrangement of body remain well, Jatharagni gets improved and Bala as well Vyadhikshamatva also gets improved. Acharya Charaka says “Aharah Praninam Pranah” and Acharya Sushruta says “Praninam Punarmoolam Aharo Balavarna Ojasam Cha” that is the Ahara is the life of all the Pranis as well as base of Bala, Varna and Oja i.e., life is impossible without Ahara. Thus, Ahara and Vihara are useful for prevention of diseases.  Ayurveda also frequently referred as 'Ashtanga Ayurveda' and Rasayana Chikitsa are the part of the Ashtanga Ayurveda. It helps a person to maintain good health or to establish impaired or lost physical or mental health. Rasayana Chikitsa are said to revitalize all the Sapta Dhatus (body elements), therefore, restores equilibrium and health.
Physiological concept of Vata Dosha in relation to Brain Function
Authors: Shilpa Soni  , Gitanjali Sasmal  , Vinay Bhardwaj
Published: July 2024

Ayurveda is one of the worlds oldest form of holistic medicine and still widely used today. combining physical, psychological and spiritual health, ayurveda focus on whole body healing and states that a persons Dosha is dynamic principle that determines the personality and health. Ayurveda medicines is based on the idea that the world is made up of 5 elements - Aakash, Jala Prithwi, Tej, and Vayu. A combination of each element results in 3 humor or Dosha known as Vata, Pitta and Kapha.[1] These Doshas are believed to be responsible for a persons physiological mental and emotional health. every person unique ratio of Vata, Pitta and Kapha is said to define their Ayurvedic constitution[2] and a blueprint to achieve optimal health. Vata Dosha transports all other Doshas to various location where they produce diseases. Vata Dosha helps to excrete Mala from body thus helps to maintain homeostatic condition within body. moreover Vata Dosha regulate Agni, which is considered to be most important factor responsible for various physiological function like digestion absorption and metabolism, thus Vata Dosha regulates the state of mind and its activity along with the proper functioning of various sensory organ also. To reach the intended organ throughout the body, Vata must pass via the Vatavaha Srotas. These channels are split in two categories based on whether they serve motor or sensory purposes. One of the three basic Humours, Vata, has a significant impact on both health and sickness. The majority of Vata disorders mentioned in Ayurveda are classified by current science as neurological aliments. We must thus comprehend the physiological concept of Vata in this study with particular reference to the neurological system.
Conceptual study of role of Tridosha during Antenatal Period
Authors: Khendkar Jayashree , Gopal M. Jadhav  , Sampada Sant
Published: July 2024

Ayurveda primarily focuses on preventive as well as promotional health. It believes in principles of Tri-dosha (three fundamental bio-energies as well as vitiating factors or pollutants) theory. Tridosha theory is fundamental framework of Ayurveda. These three bio-energies namely Vata, Pitta and Kapha, when in equilibrium support body like tripod and when vitiated cause various diseases. A journey of every living creature starts from womb of mother (Beejanda) and travels towards outer world (Brahmanda). This travel of a cell from womb to universe is nothing but true scenario of life. This mysterious and marvelous starting of life journey has many transformations and adaptations which a living being come across in their life span. Human conception takes place in fallopian tube and then Garbha (fetus) is carried forward in the uterus for further growth and development. Garbhini Avastha (gestational period) is a very complex state of body which involves multiple adaptations necessary for uninterrupted supply of necessary nutrients to support fetal growth and development. Tridosha plays a significant role during Garbhini Avastha to aid woman in accustomed situations. These are responsible for normal growth and development as well as responsible for abnormal entities like congenital malformations. Current study focuses on significance of role of Tridosha during Garbhini Avastha or antenatal period with abnormal clinical conditions.
Role of Pancharavinda Rasayana in enhancement of Intellectual Skills in Children - A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ajay  , Girish Kumar S V
Published: July 2024

Optimal intelligence is a vital essentiality to deal with day-to-day challenges, especially in children who have to build up their life in an apt manner. In the competitive world certain children may experience poor intelligence and cognitive skills resulting in learning disability, scholastic backwardness etc. affecting their school completion, higher education, inter personal relationships, prospects of employment etc. According to meta-analysis study, In India 1-3% of the children are suffering with low Intellectual skills and cognitive skills requiring an early attention in this field. The concept of improving the intellectual skills, academic performance, vocabulary etc. are relatively very new to current modern system of medicine. However, Ayurveda documents the knowledge of various drugs possessing Intellectual enhancing activity under the broad spectrum of Medhya Rasayana. The present study has been taken to analyze the Medhya actions of Pancharavinda Rasayana w.s.r. to Buddhi (Discriminative skills), Medha (Intellectual skills) and Smriti (Memory) based upon Rasapanchaka and mode of action its ingredients. The whole formulation is ideal in enhancement of Medha, Buddhi and Smriti with due consideration of Rasa Panchaka and Prabhavi Karma of its ingredients.
Management of Artava Kshayajanya Vandyatwa with history of Garbhapaata - A Case Study
Authors: Papiya Jana  , Rashmi C
Published: July 2024

Artavakshaya is one of the common presentations in day to day practice. Infertility can be one of the complications due to Artava Kshaya. As Artavakshaya can be a cause of anovulatory cycles along with irregular menstruation. Artavakshaya can result in Vandyatwa if left untreated. Infertility is the inability to conceive in one or more years of regular unprotected coitus. In the present case study 36 year old patient who was anxious to conceive with PCO changes and one history of Garbhapaata is treated with Shodhana and Shamana therapy including Vamana Karma, Virechana Karma followed by Matra Basti with Phala Ghrita.
Successful Management in Unprovoked Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: Case Report
Authors: Noverike Nikhen , Kurnianingsih Novi , Rizal Ardian , Rahimah Anna Fuji
Published: July 2024

Background: One to four percent of all cases of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occur in the upper extremities. Effective thrombolysis for upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) can be achieved with a combination of vascular interventions such as angioplasty, which is continued with catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) and anticoagulant therapy. Case Illustration: We presented the case of a 40-year-old man who developed sudden pain and swelling in his right upper extremity. The thrombus was located in the right subclavian vein, confirmed by duplex ultrasonography. Laboratory results were normal. The patient was diagnosed with unprovoked UEDVT. He underwent venography, which showed an acute-on-chronic lesion at the right subclavian vein. We decided to use double access, tried to inflate the balloon to fragment the thrombus, several times of thrombo-suction, and then continued with Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) using Alteplase. The patient continued oral anticoagulant therapy with Rivaroxaban. After 6 months of follow-up, there wasn’t any complaint. Evaluation of Duplex ultrasonography showed normal results without any recurrent thrombus Conclusion: This case revealed how to treat acute-on-chronic lesions of unprovoked UEDVT with a comprehensive management method not only with balloon fragmentation and CDT but also anticoagulant therapy and showed a good outcome and no signs of bleeding complication. Keyword: Anticoagulant and Thrombolysis, Catheter-directed Thrombolysis, Unprovoked UEDVT; Upper Extermity Deep Vein Thrombosis.
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as A Predictor for Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) in the Emergency Room
Authors: Zunardi Lutfi Hafiz , Anjarwani Setyasih , Prasetya Indra
Published: July 2024

Background: The usefulness of the NLR as an approach to identifying cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) needs to be improved. Objective: This research was designed to determine the effectiveness of the NLR in identifying individuals who presented to the emergency room complaining of anginal due to ACS. Material and Methods: The single-center cross-sectional study was performed at Saiful Anwar General Hospital in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, from July 2020 to December 2023. Patients were involved in this study with complaints of angina suspected of ACS. During further observation in the emergency room, based on the findings of the troponin I analysis, individuals were divided into unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and NSTEMI. Result: Study results were collected from 282 individuals diagnosed with Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (NSTEACS), with 75.9% male and a mean age of 58.39 ± 10.27 years. The NLR threshold was 4.5 (AUC: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.765–0.867, P <.001) assessed during admission, which showed a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 78% in accurately predicting the probability of subsequent troponin positivity. Multivariate analysis revealed that the NLR at hospitalization remained an essential marker of troponin positivity during follow-up. Conclusion: In the end, NLR could be considered an initial test in emergency services to predict the diagnosis of NSTEMI in people experiencing angina. Keyword: Marker Inflammation, NLR, NSTEMI, Troponin I.
Tendências Contemporâneas De Educação Para Ciência
Authors: Dias Kátia , Moura Marilene , Pereira Joicy , Martins José
Published: July 2024

Este estudo é resultado da reflexão sobre a interação entre ciência, sociedade e redes sociais, analisando como as redes sociais impactam a divulgação e a percepção da ciência, além das tendências contemporâneas de educação em ciência nesse contexto. Entende-se que as redes sociais desempenham um papel importante na disseminação do conhecimento científico a um público diversificado. No entanto, essa disseminação não está isenta de desafios, como a proliferação de desinformação científica e a negação científica. Vê-se que a percepção pública da ciência é influenciada pelas redes sociais, que podem resultar em polarização e na formação de bolhas de filtro. No entanto, as redes sociais também oferecem oportunidades para uma maior participação do público na ciência e para a criação de uma comunidade de aprendizado em torno de tópicos científicos. A pesquisa também destacou o papel inovador das redes sociais na educação em ciência, com o uso criativo de plataformas digitais para tornar o ensino da ciência mais atraente e acessível.