bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Docência na Educação Básica em tempos de pandemia: ações, estratégias pedagógicas e desafios enfrentados no ano letivo de 2020 da Escola Integral Professora Ana Cristina Rolim Machado
Authors: Oliveira Michelly Queiroga de
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo consiste em relatar a experiência vivenciada pela equipe docente da Escola de Ensino Integral Professora Ana Cristina Rolim Machado, no município de João Pessoa/Paraíba, durante o ensino remoto devido ao isolamento social por conta da pandemia do COVID-19. Sabendo a importância da Educação para o desenvolvimento integral do indivíduo e da necessidade de uma nova adaptação ao contexto, objetivamos com esse trabalho difundir as ações, estratégias pedagógicas, recursos utilizados, a participação das famílias e os desafios enfrentados no ano letivo de 2020. Onde, diante de um ano atípico, essa unidade de ensino conseguiu manter e efetivar a programação de atividades didático-pedagógicas, planejadas no início do ano vigente, realizando as mudanças necessárias para o ensino remoto, através de um trabalho pautado na organização, na observação das realidades e replanejamento de suas ações, garantindo o direito subjetivo inerente às crianças e adolescentes: à educação. Respaldando-nos nos conceitos e teorias relacionados à educação, ao ensino e a relação ensino-aprendizagem, levando em consideração as Resoluções que nortearam o processo de ensino no atual contexto, tais quais as Resoluções: Nº 001/2020 do CME/JP e Nº 002/2020, a Lei nº 14.040/2020, a Constituição Federal e Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) nº 9394/96.
Modernleşmenin Tefsirde İki Komplikasyonu: Kur'ancılık/Meâlcilik ve Tarihselcilik
Authors: BAĞÇİVAN Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Yaklaşık olarak XVII. yüzyılda Avrupa’da ortaya çıkan modernite; Aydınlanma ile birlikte, Batı’nın askerî, ekonomik ve kültürel hâkimiyetine ve siyasî yayılmacılığına paralel olarak tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan değerler sistemi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bilindiği gibi; akılcılık, pozitif bilim, hümanizm, demokrasi, bireycilik ve sekülerizm bu sistem içinde en önde gelen değerlerdir. Batı’nın siyasî, askerî, ekonomik ve kültürel hegemonyası altında tarihinin en büyük krizini yaşayan İslâm dünyası, Avrupa’dan gelen ve yabancısı olduğu bu büyük tehdide karşı çeşitli psikolojik reaksiyonlar göstermiştir. Bu tavırlar genel olarak, apolojik/savunmacı ve adaptasyoncu olmak üzere iki temel kategoride değerlendirilebilir. Bu yazıda; adaptasyoncu, diğer bir deyişle İslâm dünyasının yaşadığı bunalıma Batı’yı taklit ederek ve onun değerler sistemine uyum sağlayarak çözüm bulmaya çalışan modernleşmeci İslâm entelektüelleri ve bu düşüncenin Kur’an yorumunda yol açtığı komplikasyonlar olarak Kur’ancılık ve tarihselcilik yaklaşımları ele alınacaktır. Bu makalede, söz konusu iki yaklaşımın, İslam dünyasının içinde bulunduğu krize çözüm olarak sunulan modernite değerleriyle uzlaşı anlayışının doğurduğu menfi sonuçlardan olduğu örnekleriyle gösterilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Karakteristik Ibu Hamil Berhubungan dengan Pengetahuan dalam Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Pasca Persalinan
Authors: Sari Rita Kartika , Intan Yulice Soraya Nur , PH Livana
Published: December 2020

Pregnancy is a maturation crisis that can be stressful. The maturation crisis can be overcome if the mother is ready to enter a new phase where she is ready to take on the responsibilities of being a parent and a new role so that the mother must take care of her health to prevent complications of pregnancy. Pregnancy complications can be prevented by maintaining the distance of pregnancy between one child with another child through postpartum contraception. The study aimed to determine the characteristics of pregnant women who have sufficient and good knowledge of the use of postpartum contraception. Quantitative research with an exploratory descriptive approach has been carried out on 34 pregnant women who performed antenatal care at the Kedung 2 Jepara Public Health Center. The data collection tool uses a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using test chi-square. The results showed that the average age of pregnant women was 29 years. The majority of pregnant women had the last high school education, work, and the average income was Rp. 1,500,000/month. The majority of pregnant women had one child and when data were collected for pregnant women who were 1st and 2nd pregnant status. The majority of pregnant women had a good level of knowledge about the use of postpartum injection contraception. The results of the chi-square test analysis showed that the characteristics of pregnant women that had a significant relationship with knowledge about the use of postpartum contraception were age (p = 0.027), education (p = 0.004), occupation (p = 0.002), number of children (p = 0.006). Meanwhile, income did not have a significant relation with maternal knowledge in using postpartum contraception (p = 0.923).
Mitigating infectious diseases in Mizoram - A lesson from COVID-19
Authors: Sangthang S. , Lalhruaimawii Irene , Rajesh Radhakrishnan
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has created huge havoc in public health in India and across the world. One among the small states of India, Mizoram lies between Bangladesh and Myanmar compelling a transmission risk of various infectious diseases across the boundary. The responsibilities of the authority to establish a screening and diagnostic laboratory is crucial to identify the infectious etiological agents, control, prevent morbidity, mortality, and burden of the diseases. We aim to discuss the need for an infectious disease surveillance system, the importance and role of advanced diagnostic and research laboratory in Mizoram, learning from SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Муніципальні права особистості: аналіз крізь призму глобалізаційних та інтеграційних процесів
Authors: СТРІЛЬЧУК ВІТАЛІЙ
Published: December 2020

Значний вплив процесів глобалізації та міждержавної інтеграції на сутнісні, інституційні, функціональні, нормативні аспекти існування та розвитку правової матерії зумовлюють необхідність всебічного доктринального осмислення особливостей функціонування, а також тенденцій подальшого поступу не тільки національної системи права загалом, а й її структурних елементів, зокрема галузей права та їхніх складових інститутів. Адже в сучасних умовах процеси глобалізації та міждержавної інтеграції слугують у ролі чи не найсуттєвіших факторів впливу на систему галузей національного права та законодавства. Вони лежать в основі модернізаційних, а подекуди й трансформаційних, тобто сутнісних перетворень, що відбуваються у їхніх межах і безпосередньо стосуються як можливостей, так і зобов’язань, що виникають перед людиною, групою людей (локальною спільнотою), суспільством і державою.
Зважаючи на те, що надто відчутним є вплив процесів глобалізації та міждержавної інтеграції на функціонування та розвиток такої інституційної складової галу зі муніципального права, як муніципальні права особистості, перед муніципально-правовою доктриною постає завдання виявити та охарактеризувати тенденції їх функціонування та розвитку у відповідних умовах.
Метою статті є спроба показати сучасні тенденції розвитку муніципальних прав особистості під безпосереднім впливом процесів глобалізації та міждержавної інтегра ції, охарактеризувати їх особливості, динаміку взаємозв’язку та взаємодії.
Встановлено, що контраверсійні за своєю природою процеси глобалізації та міждержавної інтеграції досить інтенсивно здійснюють вплив на систему муніципальних прав особистості. При цьому такому впливу властиві як позитивні, так і негативні тенденції.
Автор доходить висновку, що система муніципальних прав і свобод, як, влас-не, і механізм їхнього забезпечення, повинні розвиватися та вдосконалюватися насамперед на основі ідей стійкого (збалансованого) розвитку. Адже саме муніципально-правовий вимір концепції стійкого (збалансованого) розвитку створює сприятливі умови для оновленого фокусування як на системі муніципальних прав людини, так і на окремих аспектах їхнього забезпечення та реалізації в умовах глобалізації, відображає діалектику взаємозв’язку між такими елементами, як “стійкий (збалансований) розвиток – інтерес у місцевому самоврядуванні – муніципальні права особистості” відповідно.
6331 Sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu’nda Çalışanın Çalışmaktan Kaçınma Hakkı ve Koronavirüs Salgını
Authors: PEHLİVAN Metin
Published: December 2020

6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu, istisnalar dışında hem kamu hem de özel sektördeki çalışanların tümünü kapsama dahil etmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak da işverenler ve çalışanlar birçok yükümlülük altına girmiştir. İşverenlere de işyerinde yükümlülüklere uygun hareket görevi yüklenmiştir. Kanun, çalışanlara da işverenlerin bu yükümlülüğü uygun hal ve davranışta bulunmaması halinde diğer şartlarında gerçekleşmesiyle çalışmaktan kaçınma hakkı tanımıştır. Eğer işveren iş sağlığı ve güvenliği tedbirlerini almaz, birçok riskin ortaya çıkmasına neden olursa, çalışanın riskli bir ortamda çalışma hususunda zorlayamaz. Bir işyerinde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği yükümlülükleri yerine getirilmemesinden kaynaklı riskler ortaya çıkmışsa işçiler iş sözleşmesini feshedebileceği gibi şartların gerçekleşmesi halinde geçici süreli de olsa çalışmaktan kaçınabilecektir. Koronavirüs salgının çalışma hayatını etkilediği bu dönemde çalışanın çalışmaktan kaçınma hakkının çerçevesi hakkında bilgi sahibi olunması da büyük önem arz etmektedir.
Monitoring of viral potato infections in agrocenoses of Ukraine
Authors: Dmitruk O. , Reshotko L. , Volkova I.
Published: December 2020

In 2016–2020, the spread of viral potato diseases was studied in such economic regions of Ukraine: Prydniprovsky (Zaporizhzhya, Dnipropetrovsk oblasts), North-Eastern (Kharkiv, Sumy oblasts), Stolychny (Kyiv, Zhytomyr and Chernihiv oblasts), NorthWestern (Volyn and Rivne) region), Black Sea (Kherson, Mykolaiv and Odessa regions), Carpathian (Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Transcarpathian, Chernivtsi regions), in which 435 varieties of potatoes of Ukrainian and foreign selection were examined. In agrocenoses with potato growing, the spread of M-, S-, Yviruses of potatoes was determined, both in monoinfection and in pathocomplexes. According to the results of research, the highest level of infection with potato M virus was found in Volyn, Odessa, Rivne, Chernihiv and Ivano-Frankivsk regions 90%, 90%, 90.9%, 92.3% and 100% of the total number of analyzed samples, in accordance. Potato S-virus antigen was most pronounced in Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Rivne oblasts 50%, 50% and 54.5%, respectively. Monitoring surveys showed a high level of Y-virus infection of potatoes in Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Chernivtsi and Mykolayiv regions 50%, 50%, 53.8%, 55.5% and 63.3%, respectively. The spread of viral diseases of potatoes in agrocenoses of Ukraine necessitates careful protection and constant phytovirological control of seed material, detection of viral pathologies, identification of their pathogens using laboratory methods and modern diagnostic tools.
Effect of Cu2+ and Cd2+ on the growth and sulfidogenic activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria under using aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Verkholiak N. , Peretyatko T , Stakhera I.
Published: December 2020

Purification of the aquatic environment from substances of organic and inorganic matter is an urgent problem nowadays. Falling into the water of insufficiently treated effluents significantly impairs water quality and the condition of water bodies in general. Aromatic compounds, in particular toluene and xylene, are quite common pollutants in the aquatic environment. In addition to compounds of organic nature, wastewater contains many inorganic substances and heavy metal ions. Among the common methods of detoxification of the environment, biological ones play a leading role, as they are cost-effective and environmentally safe. One of the promising methods of purification is the usage of microorganisms, in particular sulfate-reducing bacteria. The influence of heavy metal ions on the accumulation of biomass and hydrogen sulfide by Desulfotomaculum sp. AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 bacteria during the growth in a medium with toluene and xylene is studied. The ability of sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum sp. AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 to grow with the simultaneous presence of aromatic compounds and heavy metal ions into the environment indicates their high potential in the usage to purify the aquatic environment from these contaminants. The inhibitory effect of metal ions on the process of reduction of sulfate ions by the studied bacteria, and, as a consequence, the accumulation of less toxic hydrogen sulfide, is shown. The influence of the source of carbon (sodium lactate/xylene/toluene) and heavy metal ions on the growth of bacteria Desulfotomaculum sp. AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 is analysed. It is shown that the accumulation of biomass by bacteria Desulfotomaculum sp. AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 are affected by both the nature of the electron donor and the presence of Cu2+ and/or Cd2+ ions in the medium. Penetrating into living cells, heavy metal ions disrupt their vital functions, but heavy metals are toxic only in the form of ions, but if they are translated into a bound form, they lose their toxic properties. The ability of the studied bacteria to precipitate Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions in the form of insoluble metal sulfides was revealed. Thus, the content of hydrogen sulfide in the aqueous medium can be adjusted, and in turn, it can be purified from heavy metal ions. According to the obtained results, sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum sp. AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 can be considered as promising in the development of methods for purification of the aquatic environment from heavy metal ions, in particular Cu2+ and Cd2+
Agroecological features of technozems micromorphology
Authors: Katsevуch V
Published: December 2020

The pedozems of reclaimed lands of Research Agricultural Station of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economy University (DSAEU) were studied in orderto diagnose their condition taking into account the,cutaneous complex. It is noted that under the influence of environmental factors formation of the initial process of soil formation in the experimental areas is observed. It is established that use of ecological micromorphology and cutaneous complex on technozem is a reliable information tool, which reveals the influence of environmental factors on the soil genesis of reclaimed soils. It was found that in profiles with strong biological influence biogenic microaggregates are formed and the general micromorphological characteristics which define features of profiles of the studied pedoses improve. Peculiarities of micromorphological structure of pedozems of the trial plot of agricultural reclamation are revealed. The agroecological substantiation of the process of soil formation of the studied technosoils is given. It is established that the most characteristic neoplasms of the studied profile are skeletons, clay and iron-claycutanes. This type of neoplasm is of hemogenic origin, and the presence of clay cutanes indicates the development of the process of leaching and in-soil loam. Dominance in the mechanical composition of dust soils of dusty fraction is established. Humus-clay microstructure inthe upper horizons (0–30 cm) and iron-humus-clayin the lower horizons (30–175), well-rounded grainsand their coordinated angles indicate the intensityof the weathering process in the experimental areas.Good aggregation of the upper humus horizons is due to the influence of biogeocenotic cover and indicates the intensity of the structure of the upper horizons. Conducted micromorphological studies allow to diagnose artificially created soils under the influence of crops, in addition to the already available data on the macromorphological structure of the profile and mechanical composition of soils to provide more complete information on the process of soil formation.
Comprehensive economic assessment of land functions for organic production
Authors: Krohtiak O. , Olkhovych S , Grynyk O. , Golovina E.
Published: December 2020

The article evaluates the functions of agriculturalland for organic production on the example of Lvivregion. An analysis of the suitability of land for organic agriculture in terms of humus content; easilyhydrolyzed nitrogen; by the content of mobile phosphorus compounds by the Chirikov method; on the content of mobile potassium compounds by the Chirikov method in Sokal, Kamyanka-Buzka, Sambir,Radekhiv, Pustomyty districts of the region. It isestablished that the area of suitable lands in terms ofhumus content in the studied areas is 12,782,0 hectares; by the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen — 5,790,303; by the content of mobile phosphorus compounds — 7,829,655; on the content of mobile compounds of potassium — 10,342,428 hectares and in these areas it is quite possible to introduce organic agricultural production. This analysis is found to be incomplete. Therefore, we present a scheme-algorithm for identifying factors influencing the formation of the economic assessment of land functions for organic production. According to which the assessment of the functions of land for organic production should be carried out: through the prism of identification of three groups of factors influencing the assessment; at each stage of implementation of this process (preimplementation stage, transition stage, implementation stage); identification of key indicators that will improve the assessment of land functions for organic production, calculation of the integrated assessment indicator. We propose to define this indicator as the sum of the obtained binary characteristics according to the i-th (i = 1/k) characteristic of land function assessment for organic production, which may be due to the nth environmental, economic or social factor influencing the formation of adequate land function assessment management of organic agriculture at a certain stage of implementation of this process. Our proposed approach allows for a detailed analysis of land functions for organic production and to establishthe degree of their impact on the effectiveness of theassessment of land functions.
Еconomic efficiency of implementation of passive solar systems for creation of necessary microclimate in greenhouses
Authors: Toniuk M.
Published: December 2020

The article investigates the mechanism of introduction of renewable energy sources to create the necessary microclimate in greenhouses. The organization of greenhouses and the cultivation of various types of crops is a very profitable business, in addition, useful on all sides. The existing relationship between greenhouses and energy companies is one-sided. Today, companies are asking to sign a contract for energy supply of greenhouses for five years ahead, taking into account the hourly limits of electricity. These requirements put greenhouses in an extremely difficult position, because the energy consumption of greenhouses is highly dependent on ambient temperature and weather, which is impossible to predict even a month aheadwith a high degree of probability. For indoor plants,the use of renewable energy sources is the highest priority. The purpose of the work is to propose a mechanism for the introduction of renewable energy sources to create the necessary microclimate in greenhouses and evaluate the economic efficiency of this mechanism. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the article considers the theoretical foundations of renewable energy sources, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of generating electricity from solar radiation. The probability and validity of the obtained results is due to the use of general scientific and special statistical methods. The study aims to propose and justify the design of a passive solar system with heataccumulators. The model of a greenhouse with closed passive solar systems is substantiated and its economic efficiency is estimated (costs for introduction of the offered complex solar installation for the enterprise of an agro-industrial complex are covered less than for 3 years that confirms economic efficiency of its introduction). To ensure favorable conditions for plant development, the energy supply system of the greenhouse complex must ensure the reliable operation of technical means for microclimate control, lighting and watering of plants. In the process of functioning of the greenhouse complex, it is influenced by environmental factors (wind speed, ambient temperature, intensity of solar radiation, length of daylight), as well as internal factors (multiplicity of air exchange, etc.), depending on which the needs change thermal and electric energy systems. This in turn affects the importance of energy efficiency indicators. The work is a completed study, which examines the scientificand technical solution of an important scientific andtechnical problem of the introduction of renewableenergy sources in greenhouses. The model of a greenhouse with closed passive solar systems is economically advantageous, so it is advisable to implement it to create the necessary microclimate in greenhouses.
STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION OF LAND USE IN THE AGROSPHERE
Authors: Dobriak D , Drebot Oksana , Melnyk Petro , Sakharnatska Lyudmyla
Published: December 2020

The article highlights the essence of the concept of integration in general and land use in the agriсultural sphere in particular. A comprehensive analysis of the ecological and economic state of land use in agricultural production, use and protection of land resources is substantiated, it is emphasized that inthe process of land reform in Ukraine there have been significant transformations in land ownership andmanagement. Land is a productive resource acquired economic, credit and monetary value. Land plots, in addition to state property, have acquired communal and private property. Despite these transformations, the quality of land resources is deteriorating, which is quite clear from the dynamics of humus content(main resource potential) over the past 100 years, the presence of significant spots of degraded land inarable land, which negatively affects the environment, including and life. The essence and structure of theagrosphere in modern conditions are also highlighted, an important component is agrolandscapes, whichdynamically lose ecological stability as a result of irrational use of land resources, without following thecreation of an important phytosanitary measure for their protection. The article pays considerable attention to the formation of independent land use: family farms, farms on private-lease relations and others about their integration in relation to social production. First of all, this applies to small family farms that produce marketable products, but are not competitive due to the full mechanization of production processes, although they make a corresponding contribution to the food supply of the state.
BIOINDICATION «ZERO-MOMENT» SOIL FORMATION
Authors: Bulygin S. , Vitvitsky S. , Kucher L. , Antonyuk D , Chayka M
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the «zero moment» in terms of particle size distribution of different age rock dumps of Donbass mines, their nutritional regime, overgrowth of soil algae. To determine the speciescomposition of soil algae, early samples were taken from 5 different age rock dumps of the following mines:«Pivdenno-Donbaska-1», «Pivdenno-Donbaska-3» (rock storage not more than 45 years); mine managemen№ 5 «Zakhidne», «Trudivska» № 5-bis, «Shchurivka-1» (storage for over 100 years). The species compositionof soil algae and their quantitative accounting were determined according to the determinants and methodsgenerally accepted in soil and algological studies: microscopy of freshly selected soil and culture methods, of which cup cultures with agglomeration glasses on agar medium were preferred. Types of algae were determined by domestic and foreign determinants, life forms — by the classification of E. Shtyna, systematic structure —by the system of I. Kostikov. Agrochemical indicators of the breed were determined by: pH of water — DSTU 26483-85; humus — DSTU 26213-91; nitrate nitrogen — DSTU 4729; mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium — DSTU 4115-2002; particle size distribution — DSTU 4730: 2007. Determination of granulometric fractions of 0-20 cm layer of waste heaps of mines shows a potential increase with age of the heap of small fractions and a decrease in the fraction of stones from 84% on the heap of the mine «Pivdenno-Donbaska -3» to 48,7% on the heap «Shchurivka-1». In terms of content, small fractions almost reach the stone fraction in the dump of the mine management № 5 «Zakhidne» (45,4% and 54,6%), and predominate in the dump of the mine «Schurivka-1». The share of mu-leaf fraction is not high in all dumps and does not exceed 1%, which indicates the beginning of the process of structure formation. Thesupply of rock of the studied dumps with nitrogen is very low, the mobile phosphorus is very low and low(«Shchurivka-1» and mine management № 5 «Zakhidne»), exchangeable potassium is very low (<20). On the surface of the dumps we found 80 species of algae from 5 divisions, 6 classes, 17 orders, 31 families, 45 genera. The least represented algae from the department of Eustigmatophyta — 7 species (8,7%), slightly more — algae from the department of Bacillariophyta — 10 species (12,5%) and Xanthophyta — 12 species (15,0%). In waste heaps, the structure of algal groups is close to the structure of background soils,where the share of blue-green algae is 50 species (39,1%), green — 40 (31,3%), yellow-green — 20 (15,6)%), diatoms — 14 (10,9%), eustigmats — 4 (3,1%). Bracteacoccaceae and Phormidiaceae dominated the families. The dominance of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta indicates a steppe process of soil formation. They are characterized by high resistance to adverse living conditions. The appearance of algae in the mineral rock is the beginning of soil formation.
Predictive processing as a systematic basis for identifying the neural correlates of consciousness
Authors: Hohwy Jakob , Seth Anil
Published: December 2020

The search for the neural correlates of consciousness is in need of a systematic, principled foundation that can endow putative neural correlates with greater predictive and explanatory value. Here, we propose the predictive processing framework for brain function as a promising candidate for providing this systematic foundation. The proposal is motivated by that framework’s ability to address three general challenges to identifying the neural correlates of consciousness, and to satisfy two constraints common to many theories of consciousness. Implementing the search for neural correlates of consciousness through the lens of predictive processing delivers strong potential for predictive and explanatory value through detailed, systematic mappings between neural substrates and phenomenological structure. We conclude that the predictive processing framework, precisely because it at the outset is not itself a theory of consciousness, has significant potential for advancing the neuroscience of consciousness.
A Comparative Study on Biomass Fuel Consumption, Collection and Preference Patterns by Rural Households of Forest and Non-Forest Areas in Northern Bangladesh
Authors: Ador Md. Ahosan Habib , Mantajur Rahman  , Narayan Saha
Published: December 2020

Biomass fuel is the most important form of renewable energy in many parts of the world including Bangladesh. Its extraction is considered as a leading cause of forest degradation of developing countries like Bangladesh. Its consumption, collection and preference patterns are thus very important indicators of overexploitation of forest. On the other hand, forests are meager in mainly northern region of Bangladesh. Reliable data and information are scanty on biomass fuel in Bangladesh, particularly in formulating its proper management plan. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative study on the aforesaid patterns in forest and non-forest areas of northern region of Bangladesh. The study was carried out by adaptive multistage random sampling technique. A total of 90 households (45 from forest area, 45 from non-forest area) were selected randomly and based on the monthly income the households were categorized into rich, medium, poor groups. The consumption of biomass fuel was found to be differed significantly between forest (2.10 kg/capita/day) and non-forest (1.71 kg/capita/day) area. Forest, market, agriculture, homestead and roadside plantation were identified as sources of biomass fuel, and the contribution of each sources varied significantly between the areas except market. In forest area, maximum amount of biomass fuel was collected from nearby forests (44%) and poor households collected 78% of biomass fuels from the same sources. In non-forest area, roadside plantation (31%) and homesteads (24%) were the major sources of biomass fuel, and poor households collected biomass fuel mainly from roadside plantations (75%). Stems, branches, leaves, agricultural residues and cow dung were used as biomass fuel in both areas but the consumption of each biomass fuel types varied significantly except leaves. Women were identified as major biomass fuel collector and most of the biomass fuel was found to be collected during morning to noon in both areas. Most commonly used fuelwood species was Shorea robusta in forest area and Eucalyptus camaldulensis in non-forest area. The findings of this study will help policymakers to take steps in halting deforestation as well as meeting the villager’s needs for biomass fuel.

 

Keywords: Bangladesh, biomass fuel, forest degradation, fuelwood, homesteads, natural forests
An Ethnobotanical Study of Indigenous Leafy Vegetables Among Local Communities in Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Saupi Noorasmah , Saidin Ainul Asyira , Zakaria Muta Harah , Sarbini Shahrul Razid , Yusli Nurul Aisyah
Published: December 2020

The consumption of indigenous leafy vegetables (ILV) is a common practice among local people in Bintulu. It serves as an important food resource for local communities in rural areas. However, these traditional practices were declining in urban areas and among younger generations. Therefore, the study aimed to record the ILV consumed by the local people, and mode of consumption of the ILV. A field survey was carried out with two phases; phase one was the distribution of structured questionnaires and the second phase was the interview session with 20 respondents from each of the three native markets located in Bintulu Division; Bintulu, Tatau, and Sebauh market. The study has identified 20 species of ILV from 18 different families: Agavaceae, Anacardiaceae, Athyriaceae, Blechnaceae, Brassicaceae, Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Gnetaceae, Leguminosae, Limnocharitaceae, Menispermaceae, Myrtaceae, Olacaceae, Ophioglossaceae, Piperaceae, Smilacaceae and Verbenaceae. Identified ILV were consumed in many ways by the natives. The plant parts used also differ from one species to another and had different taste. A further study should be carried out to analyse the plant nutritional values and agronomy factors for commercialization of the potential ILV.

Keywords: Bintulu, consumption method, ethnobotany, ethnobotanical study, indigenous leafy vegetables
Peningkatan Kemandirian Lansia Melalui Okupasi Terapi dan Group Psychotheraphy di PSTW Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin Padang Pariaman
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Renidayati Renidayati
Published: December 2020

The increasing number of the elderly causes complex problems for the elderly, families and communities. Physiological and psychological changes make the elderly feel useless, experience decreased motivation and independence. One of the efforts to increase the independence of the elderly in order to remain qualified is the application of therapeutic modalities in the form of occupational therapy and group psychotherapy. This study aims to determine the changes in the independence of the elderly before and after Ocupasi therapy and Group Psychotherapy at PSTW Sabai Nan Aluih Sic Cincin, Padang Pariaman Regency. The study used a quantitative approach with "Quasi Experimental pre and post test with control group which was held from March to November 2019. The study sample was 63 elderly people who were taken by purposive sampling." The research instrument used the Katz AD Index. Data analysis used Paired sample t-test and Independent t test. The increase in the average independence of the dementia elderly was greater in the elderly who were given Ocupasi therapy and Group Psychotherapy by 18.83 compared to those who received Ocupasi therapy of 7,121. Conclusion The elderly who received occupational therapy and group psychotherapy experienced an increase in independence compared to the elderly who only received occupational therapy. It is recommended that nursing home nurses receive occupational therapy training modified with group psychotherapy and that the training module needs to be improved.
Predicting the Signs of the Links in a Network
Authors: Dang Quang-Vinh
Published: December 2020

It is hard to deny the importance of graph analysis techniques, particularly the problem of link and link-sign prediction, in many real-world applications. Predicting future sign of connections in a network is an important task for online systems such as social networks, e-commerce, scientific research, and others. Several research studies have been presented since the early days of this century to predict either the existence of a link in the future or the property of the link. In this study we present a novel approach that combine both families by using machine learning techniques. Instead of focusing on the established links, we follow a new research approach that focusing on no-link relationship. We aim to understand the move between two states of no-link and link. We evaluate our methods in popular real-world signed networks datasets. We believe that the new approach by understanding the no-link relation has a lot of potential improvement in the future.
The development of a classification model of accounting in the digital economy
Authors: Kovalev Aleksei
Published: December 2020

A multidimensional classification scheme and a semantic multidimensional accounting data model are defined in this article. Instead of accounts, multidimensional accounting uses categories of economic activity. The proposed multidimensional data model is more flexible than the traditional account model and allows you to expand the capabilities of accounting, taking into account the different needs of users of accounting information. The multidimensional data model allows you to expand the capabilities of accounting, taking into account the different needs of users of accounting information. To create a multidimensional accounting system, the categories of economic activity registered in accounting have been determined, the concept of double entry and balance in a multidimensional representation (probalance) has been formulated. The features of planning in a multidimensional accounting system have been described and the implementation of the financial results plan has been considered.
Exploiting the Autozygome to Support Previously Published Mendelian Gene-Disease Associations: An Update
Authors: Maddirevula Sateesh , Shamseldin Hanan E. , Sirr Amy , AlAbdi Lama , Lo Russell S. , Ewida Nour , Al-Qahtani Mashael , Hashem Mais , Abdulwahab Firdous , Aboyousef Omar , Kaya Namik , Monies Dorota , Salem May H. , Al Harbi Naffaa , Aldhalaan Hesham M. , Alzaidan Hamad , Almanea Hadeel M. , Alsalamah Abrar K. , Al Mutairi Fuad , Ismail Samira , Abdel-Salam Ghada M. H. , Alhashem Amal , Asery Ali , Faqeih Eissa , AlQassmi Amal , Al-Hamoudi Waleed , Algoufi Talal , Shagrani Mohammad , Dudley Aimée M. , Alkuraya Fowzan S.
Published: December 2020

There is a growing interest in standardizing gene-disease associations for the purpose of facilitating the proper classification of variants in the context of Mendelian diseases. One key line of evidence is the independent observation of pathogenic variants in unrelated individuals with similar phenotypes. Here, we expand on our previous effort to exploit the power of autozygosity to produce homozygous pathogenic variants that are otherwise very difficult to encounter in the homozygous state due to their rarity. The identification of such variants in genes with only tentative associations to Mendelian diseases can add to the existing evidence when observed in the context of compatible phenotypes. In this study, we report 20 homozygous variants in 18 genes (ADAMTS18, ARNT2, ASTN1, C3, DMBX1, DUT, GABRB3, GM2A, KIF12, LOXL3, NUP160, PTRHD1, RAP1GDS1, RHOBTB2, SIGMAR1, SPAST, TENM3, and WASHC5) that satisfy the ACMG classification for pathogenic/likely pathogenic if the involved genes had confirmed rather than tentative links to diseases. These variants were selected because they were truncating, founder with compelling segregation or supported by robust functional assays as with the DUT variant that we present its validation using yeast model. Our findings support the previously reported disease associations for these genes and represent a step toward their confirmation.
Evidence for a Causal Relationship between the Solar Cycle and Locust Abundance
Authors: Cheke Robert A. , Young Stephen , Wang Xia , Tratalos Jamie A. , Tang Sanyi , Cressman Keith
Published: December 2020

Time series of abundance indices for Desert Locusts Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål 1775) and Oriental Migratory Locusts Locusta migratoriamanilensis (Meyen 1835) were analysed independently and in relation to measures of solar activity and ocean oscillation systems. Data were compiled on the numbers of territories infested with swarms of the Desert Locust from 1860–2015 and an inferred series that compensated for poor reporting in the 1860 to 1925 period. In addition, data for 1930 to 2014, when reports are considered to have been consistently reliable were converted to numbers of 1° grid squares infested with swarms and separated according to four different geographical regions. Spectral analysis to test the hypothesis that there are cycles in the locust dynamics revealed periodicities of 7.5 and 13.5 years for the inferred series that were significant according to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck state-space (OUSS) test. Similar periodicities were evident in the 1° grid square data and in each of the regions but even though these were significantly different from white noise, they were not significant according to the OUSS criterion. There were no significant peaks in the Oriental Migratory Locust results with the OUSS test, but the data were significantly different from white noise. To test hypotheses that long term trends in the locust dynamics are driven by solar activity and/or oceanic oscillation systems (the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)), the original locust data series and their Kalman-filtered low frequency (LF) components were tested for causality using both spectral coherence tests and convergent cross mapping. Statistically significant evidence was found that solar activity measured by numbers of sunspot groups drive the dynamics, especially the LF components, of both species. In addition, causal links were inferred between both the SOI and NAO data and Desert Locust dynamics. Spectral coherence was also found between sunspot groups and the NAO, the IOD and LF SOI data. The data were also analysed showing that the LF SOI had causal links with the LF inferred Desert Locust series. In addition, the LF NAO was causally linked to the LF 1° grid square data, with the NAO for December-March being most influential. The results suggest that solar activity plays a role in driving locust abundance, but that the mechanisms by which this happens, and whether they are mediated by fluctuations in oceanic systems, is unclear. Furthermore, they offer hope that information on these phenomena might enable a better early warning forecasting of Desert Locust upsurges.
Implications of the Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Common Bean under Seasonal Water Stress
Authors: Rodiño Ana P. , Riveiro Manuel , De Ron Antonio M.
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research was to study the performance of 10 common bean genotypes under water deficit stress and how it affects to their symbiotic relationship with 10 Rhizobium strains in both greenhouse and field conditions. PHA-0471, a small seeded genotype had the best yield under irrigation and under water stress. Other genotypes with tolerance to drought were the large-seeded PHA-0432 and PHA-0683. In the Rhizobium inoculation tests it was observed that the increase of dry nodular weight produced less seed yield in beans. PHA-0683 genotype presented a great uniformity on nodule size and an association with yield when it displays the big nodule phenotype. Further research about this would be interesting because this fact could be due to the existence of a plant blocking mechanism for inefficient strain nodules. The inoculated plants were productive in irrigated fields and in drought ones and their productivity was the same or even better than the N supplemented plant control. The genotype-strain relationship was very specific and the local strains achieved the greatest productivity with some genotypes in irrigated and drought conditions that make possible their use as inoculating strains, with relevance for the environmental impact of agriculture.
Simulating the Response of Drought–Tolerant Maize Varieties to Nitrogen Application in Contrasting Environments in the Nigeria Savannas Using the APSIM Model
Authors: Beah Aloysius , Kamara Alpha Y. , Jibrin Jibrin M. , Akinseye Folorunso M. , Tofa Abdullahi I. , Adam Adam. M.
Published: December 2020

This paper assessed the application of the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM)–maize module as a decision support tool for optimizing nitrogen application to determine yield and net return of maize production under current agricultural practices in the Nigeria savannas. The model was calibrated for two maize varieties using data from field experiments conducted under optimum conditions in three locations during the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The model was evaluated using an independent dataset from an experiment conducted under different nitrogen (N) levels in two locations within Southern and Northern Guinea savannas. The results show that model accurately predicted days to 50% anthesis and physiological maturity, leaf area index (LAI), grain yield and total dry matter (TDM) of both varieties with low RMSE and RMSEn (%) values within the range of acceptable statistics indices. Based on 31-year seasonal simulation, optimum mean grain yield of 3941 kg ha−1 for Abuja, and 4549 for Kano was simulated at N rate of 120 kg ha–1 for the early maturing variety 2009EVDT. Meanwhile in Zaria, optimum mean yield of 4173 kg ha–1 was simulated at N rate of 90 kg ha−1. For the intermediate maturing variety, IWDC2SYNF2 mean optimum yields of 5152, 5462, and 4849 kg ha−1, were simulated at N application of 120 kg ha−1 for all the locations. The probability of exceeding attainable mean grain yield of 3000 and 4000 kg ha−1 for 2009EVDT and IWDC2SYNF2, respectively would be expected in 95% of the years with application of 90 kg N ha−1 across the three sites. Following the profitability scenarios analysis, the realistic net incomes of US$ 536 ha–1 for Abuja, and US$ 657 ha−1 for Zaria were estimated at N rate of 90 kg ha−1 and at Kano site, realistic net income of US$ 720 ha–1was estimated at N rate of 120 kg ha−1 for 2009EVDT.For IWDC2SYNF2, realistic net incomes of US$ 870, 974, and 818 ha−1 were estimated at N application of 120 kg ha−1 for Abuja, Zaria, and Kano respectively. The result of this study suggests that 90 kg N ha−1 can be recommended for 2009EVDT and 120 kg N ha–1 for IWDC2SYNF2 in Abuja and Zaria while in Kano, 120 kg N ha−1 should be applied to both varieties to attain optimum yield and profit.
Effect of the Ripening Period and Intravarietal Comparison on Chemical, Textural and Sensorial Characteristics of Palmero (PDO) Goat Cheese
Authors: Álvarez Sergio , Fresno María
Published: December 2020

Palmero cheese is an artisanal dairy product from the Canary Islands (Spain), awarded with the Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) from the European Union. It is made with raw milk from the Palmera dairy goat on La Palma island. The aim of this research covered the physicochemical and sensorial characterization of Palmero cheese along 90 days of ripening. Palmero cheeses from four cheese factories were analysed for basic physicochemical parameters, instrumental texture and colour and sensorial profile. Most of the basic composition and the texture and colour attributes of Palmero cheese changed significantly along maturation. During the 90 days of ripening an increase in hardness, fracturability and gumminess (p < 0.001) occurred while elasticity decreased simultaneously (p < 0.001). The internal lightness value decreased significantly (p < 0.001), while yellowness increased (p < 0.001) during cheese ripening. Ripening time affected six of nine sensorial texture characteristics and the entire odour and flavour parameters analysed (p < 0.001). Regarding to intravarietal comparison, in general, cheeses from the four dairy plants showed similar composition although significant differences were detected on textural, colour and sensorial characteristics.
Garlic Alleviates the Injurious Impact of Cyclosporine-A in Male Rats through Modulation of Fibrogenic and Steroidogenic Genes
Authors: Shukry Mustafa , Alotaibi Saqer S. , Albogami Sarah M. , Fathallah Nora , Farrag Foad , Dawood Mahmoud A. O. , Gewaily Mahmoud S.
Published: December 2020

This work aimed to study the hepato-testicular protective effect of garlic in rats treated with cyclosporine A (CsA). Forty male Westar albino rats were randomly distributed in five groups (8 rats each): control, olive oil, garlic, CsA, and CsA co-treated with garlic. CsA induced an upsurge in the alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels and decreased albumin and total protein levels, expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene, serum testosterone, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine levels compared to the control group. Additionally, there was an increase in the cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels and a substantial reduction in the high-density lipoprotein levels compared to the control groups. Histopathological investigation of the liver showed abnormalities like hepatic cell degeneration, congestion of blood vessels, and highly active Kupffer cells in the CsA group. Histopathological examination of testes showed damaged seminiferous tubules, stoppage of the maturation of spermatogonia, and the presence of cells with irregular dense nuclei in the lumina of some tubules. For the groups treated with garlic, mitigation of the damage caused by CsA in the liver and testes, liver function tests, lipid profiles, and hormones was seen along with improved gene expression of SOD and steroidogenesis genes, and decreased gene expression of collagen I-α1 and transforming growth factor-1β. Conclusively, garlic had a positive impact on CsA-induced hepatic and sperm toxicity. It is recommended that garlic should be supplemented in transplant treatments using CsA to alleviate the cyclosporin-induced oxidative injuries and other harmful effects.