bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prototype Aplikasi SI-Warga Sebagai Penunjang Administrasi Surat Pengantar dan Iuran Warga pada Rukun Tetangga
Authors:   Universitas Nusa Mandiri, Sari Ani Oktarini , Kholil Ishak ,   Universitas Nusa Mandiri
Published: July 2022

The use of information technology to support administrative activities in the neighborhood makes it easier for administrators to provide administrative services for community members. The service of making rt cover letters and paying residents' mandatory contributions at RT08 / RW10 Perum Ambar Cibinong Residence Bogor still uses conventional methods, namely by recording manually. This process is considered inefficient in the process of waiting for the process of checking and making letters. And for the payment process that is still carried out by paying directly to the public relations and then handed over to the Treasurer of the RT. For this reason, an information system is needed that can facilitate these problems. The service of requesting a letter of introduction and payment of mandatory dues can be facilitated through the SI-Warga application. The creation of a SI-Warga application using a prototype model, where the flow and stages used include identifying users and developing prototypes. With this web-based application, it is hoped that the documentation of the cover letter archive and reports on the payment of mandatory contributions for residents will be more organized and well stored and can be accessed anywhere when needed with an internet connection.
Implementasi Perbandingan Deteksi Tepi Pada Citra Digital Menggunakan Metode Roberst, Sobel, Prewitt dan Canny
Authors:   Universitas Nusa Mandiri, Panggalih Kukuh , Kurniawan Wawan ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Gata Windu ,   Universitas Nusa Mandiri
Published: July 2022

The field of digital image processing, such as segmentation, has become a widely discussed topic. Segmentation aims to divide the image into parts or regions so that there is no overlap with similar characteristics, such as color, shape, texture, and intensity. The segmentation process is generally divided into three groups of segmentation, including segmentation based on classification (classification based segmentation), segmentation based on edges (edge based segmentation), and segmentation based on region (region based segmentation). Edge detection is a systematic process used to detect pixels in digital images that are not fixed or always changing their brightness level in a line or curve. The purpose of this study is to compare edge detection methods using image objects. This research was conducted using the method of Robert, Prewitt, Sobel and Canny to detect the number of white pixels in each image. The tool used in this research is Simulink Matlab, where the parameters of each algorithm will be compared. Then the total number of white pixels is calculated from each edge detection method.
Optimal control strategy for the effectiveness of TB treatment taking into account the influence of HIV/AIDS and diabetes
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, Moya Erick Manuel Delgado , Pietrus Alain ,   University of Antilles, Department of Mathematic and Computer Sciences, LAMIA (EA 4540), BP 250, 97159, Pointe-a-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France, Filho Sergio Muniz Oliva ,   Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Published: August 2022

The aim of this paper is to present an optimal control problem to reduce the MDR-TB (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis) and XDR-TB (extensively drug-resistant TB) cases, using controls in these compartments and controlling reinfection/reactivation of the bacteria. The model used studies the efficacy of the tuberculosis treatment taking into account the influence of HIV/AIDS and diabetes, and we prove the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium point based on the behavior of the basic reproduction number. Various control strategies are proposed with the combinations of controls. We show the existence of optimal control using Pontryagin’s maximum principle. We solve the optimality system numerically with an algorithm based on forward/backward Runge-Kutta method of the fourth-order. The numerical results indicate that the implementation of the strategy that activates all controls and of type I (starting with the highest controls) is the most cost-effective of the strategies studied. This strategy reduces significantly the number of MDR-TB and XDR-TB cases in all sub-populations, which is an important factor in combating tuberculosis and its resistant strains.
Fibonacci type sequences and integer multiples of periodic continued fractions
Authors:   School of Mathematics Maseno University P.O. Box 333, Maseno, Kenya, Oyengo Michael O.
Published: August 2022

We construct a class of quadratic irrationals having continued fractions of period \(n\geq2\) with `small' partial quotients for which specific integer multiples have periodic continued fractions with the length of the period being \(1\), \(2\) or \(4\), and with 'large' partial quotients. We then show that numbers in the period of the new continued fraction are functions of the numbers in the periods of the original continued fraction. We also show how polynomials arising from generalizations of these continued fractions are related to Chebyshev and Fibonacci polynomials and, in some cases, have hyperbolic root distribution.
Discrete Dirichlet forms as traces of Feller’s one-dimensional diffusions
Authors:   Department of Applied Mathematics, Higher school of science and technology of Hammam Sousse. University of Sousse, Tunisia. Analysis, Probability and Fractals Laboratory LR18ES17, Moussa Rafed
Published: August 2022

Our primary purpose is to compute explicitly traces of the Dirichlet forms related to Feller's one-dimensional diffusions on countable sets via Fukushima's method. For discrete measures, the obtained trace form can be described as a Dirichlet form on the graph.
Stability result for a class of weakly dissipative second-order systems with infinite memory
Authors:   The Preparatory Year Program, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia, Al-Mahdi Adel M. , Al-Gharabli Mohammad M. ,   The Interdisciplinary Research Center in Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2022

In this paper we consider the following abstract class of weakly dissipative second-order systems with infinite memory, \(u''(t)+Au(t)-\displaystyle\int_{0}^{\infty} g(s)A^\alpha u(t-s)ds=0,~t>0,\) and establish a general stability result with a very general assumption on the behavior of \(g\) at infinity; that is \(g'(t) \leq - \xi(t) G \left(g(t)\right),~~t \geq 0.\) where \(\xi\) and \(G\) are two functions satisfying some specific conditions. Our result generalizes and improves many earlier results in the literature. Moreover, we obtain our result with imposing a weaker restrictive assumption on the boundedness of initial data used in many earlier papers in the literature such as the one in [1,2,3,4,5]. The proof is based on the energy method together with convexity arguments.
Nas margens da sociedade educativa. Perfis sociais, práticas e atitudes perante a aprendizagem ao longo da vida em Portugal dos adultos que não participam em atividades de educação e formação
Authors:   Iscte — Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIES — Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia., Carvalho da Silva Vanessa , Ávila Patrícia ,   Iscte — Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Departamento de Métodos de Pesquisa Social, CIES — Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia.
Published: August 2022

Nas sociedades atuais, marcadas pela centralidade do conhecimento, da informação e da educação, uma parte da população adulta tem ainda níveis de escolaridade muito baixos e persiste arredada das dinâmicas da chamada Aprendizagem ao Longo da Vida (ALV). Tratando-se de um segmento da população que, do ponto de vista da análise sociológica e da incidência das políticas públicas, tem sido deixado para trás e sobre o qual pouco se conhece, pretende-se contribuir para o conhecimento e visibilidade do fenómeno dos indivíduos pouco escolarizados que, apesar das iniciativas implementadas no âmbito da educação e formação de adultos e da aprendizagem ao longo da vida, permaneceram nas margens da sociedade educativa. Na ausência de estudos extensivos especificamente centrados neste segmento da população, foi mobilizada a edição de 2016 do Inquérito à Educação e Formação de Adultos para tentar mapear o fenómeno em Portugal. Com uma presença transversal na sociedade portuguesa é um grupo de dimensão expressiva, cuja diversidade se captou através da identificação de diferentes perfis. Os mesmos dados permitiram ainda retratar as práticas e atitudes, perante a ALV, da população com baixa escolaridade em Portugal.
Energi Listrik pada Industri Kecil Teh Celup Herbal Daun Urokep
Authors: Salam Deby Mipa , Fernandes Andrian , Maharani Rizki
Published: August 2022

Urokep leaf or Chinese Ketepeng (Senna alata) is one of the most commonly found medicinal plants and can be used as raw material for herbal tea bags. An essential process in making herbal tea on a household scale is the chopping of dried leaves into a powder that is ready to be put into teabags and pressing the teabags. The leaf shredder process can use a chopper and a blender, while the teabag pressing process uses an impulse sealer. This study aims to compare the energy needed by choppers and blenders in making urokep leaf teabag powder, as well as the use of impulse sealers with element lengths of 20 cm and 30 cm. The research was divided into two stages, i.e. chopping the dried leaves into the powder stage and pressing the teabags stage. The chopping dry leaf into the powder stage was counted by calculating the time for the chopper and blender to powder 1 kg of dry leaves. The pressing of the teabags was carried out by calculating the pressing time of 1000 teabags using an impulse sealer with 20 cm and 30 cm element length. The amount of electrical energy is used by multiplying the electric power by the time of each tool.The results showed that the electrical energy used by the chopper to shredder 1 kg of dry Urokep leaves was 0.10833 KwH, while the blender required more energy, which was 0.27833 KwH. The electrical energy to press 1000 teabags used by the impulse sealer 20 cm is lower at 0.310 KwH than the impulse sealer 30 cm 0.633 KwH. The combination of a chopper and impulse sealer 20 cm is highly recommended for household-scale industries.
Analysis of the Effect of Profitability, Liquidity, and Firm Size on the Timeliness of Financial Report Submission
Authors: Nasihin Ihsan , Purwandari Dian
Published: August 2022

This research aims to analyze the factors that affect the timeliness of financial reports submitted to Indonesia Stock Exchange-listed manufacturing companies in the various industrial sectors. Profitability, liquidity, and firm size are the independent variable in this research, whereas the timeliness of financial report submission is the dependent variable. The population in this research were various industrial sector manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2012 to 2016. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method to obtain 14 sample companies. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the IDX website. The analytical method used is logistic regression analysis. Based on the results of logistic regression analysis with a significance level of 5%, the results of this research suggest that profitability (ROI) has no significant effect on the timeliness of financial report submission, while liquidity (CR), and company size (TA) have a significant effect on the timeliness of financial report submission.
Strategi Implementasi Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) di Indonesia
Authors: Daniswara Andhika , Raydiska Genta , Timotius Yori
Published: August 2022

Pemerintah Indonesia telah mencanangkan Kebijakan Energi Nasional (KEN) yang menargetkan Indonesia menambah energi campuran yang berasal dari Energi Baru dan Terbarukan (EBT) pada tahun 2025 sebesar 23% dan pada tahun 2050 sebesar 31%. Dengan sumber energi surya yang melimpah di sekitar garis khatulistiwa, Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) menjadi salah satu peluang alternatif EBT yang menjanjikan. Sayangnya, biaya investasi pemasangan panel surya konvensional berbahan baku silikon dengan tingkat kemurnian tinggi belum kompetitif. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) diprediksi akan menggantikan panel surya konvensional karena lebih ekonomis, mudah dibuat, serta lebih ramah lingkungan sehingga dapat meningkatkan target pemenuhan kebutuhan EBT berbasis tenaga surya. Berbeda dengan sistem konvensional di mana semikonduktor (Si) berperan sebagai penyerap cahaya sekaligus penghantar arus, kedua fungsi tersebut dijalankan oleh dua komponen berbeda pada DSSC, yakni sensitizer dan semikonduktor (TiO2). Cahaya diabsorbsi oleh lapisan sensitizer yang terikat pada semikonduktor TiO2. Arus dari elektron tereksitasi kemudian diinjeksi dari sensitizer ke pita konduksi padatan.  Penulis menggunakan studi literatur untuk mengulas beberapa strategi meningkatkan Photo Conversion Efficiency (PCE) berupa pemilihan material penyusun komponen DSSC dengan memanfaatkan material yang menghasilkan PCE yang tinggi, seperti N719 (11,18%), LD4 (10,06%), dan D149 (9%) sebagai penyusun fotoanoda, counter electrode, serta pewarna sensitizer secara berturut-turut. Setelah desain ditentukan, penulis menentukan langkah implementasi DSSC secara masif di Indonesia. 

Kata Kunci: DSSC, PCE, Fotoanoda, Sensitizer, Counter electrode
Learner Profiles and Attitudes Towards Accent in the Foreign Language
The Role of Language Backgrounds
Authors: Jamet Marie-Christine
Published: August 2022

This paper is part of collaborative research investigating the attitudes of first-year university students in Italy towards foreign accents. It examines the first part of the survey which aims to define the students’ identity and language profile. The analysis focuses on the characteristics of the group which are hypothesised to correlate with students' attitudes towards foreign accents examined in the other sections of the questionnaire. Factors that could have an impact are gender, motivation for studying languages, bi-/plurilingualism, the nature of the languages studied, the language repertoire and the background of its acquisition.
Effect of nigella sativa oil on bisphenol a-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar albino rats: histopathological and biochemical investigation
Authors: ATEŞ Mehmet Burak , HATİPOĞLU Durmuş
Published: August 2022

Bisphenol A (or BPA) is a toxic endocrine disruptor that is emitted into the environment as a result of industrial manufacturing methods. In this research, we focused on investigating the protective effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on the liver in rats treated with hepatotoxic BPA. For this purpose, 30 Wistar Albino rats were divided into 4 groups: Control (1 ml olive oil); NSO (5 ml/kg NSO); BPA (100mg/kg); BPA+ NSO (100 mg/kg BPA + 5 ml/kg NSO). All applications were done by oral gavage. At the end of the 30-day study period, blood samples of the anesthetized rats were collected and euthanized under appropriate conditions. After removing the serum of the collected blood samples, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, which have a key role in liver toxicity, were measured. At the same time, liver samples that were dissected and removed from the cadaver were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution for histopathological examination and scoring, and hematoxylin - eosin staining were performed. BPA caused degeneration and necrosis in hepatocytes, Kuffper activation, bile duct hyperplasia, congestion, and hepatic cord dissociation, causing serious increases in total liver lesion scores. In parallel, BPA-induced increases were detected in ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT levels. The histological architecture and liver function tests were significantly improved with the addition of NSO to the diet. These findings provided that NSO has a hepatoprotective effect by improving BPA-induced liver damage.
The worst graph layout algorithm ever
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Sara , Lang Matt , Dunne Cody
Published: August 2022

Graph layout algorithms strive to improve the utility of node-link visualizations or graph drawings by optimizing for readability criteria. One such criteria that has been widely used is to count edge crossings. Prior work has focused solely on minimizing the number of edge crossings, including provably-optimal layout algorithms for layered graphs. The research community has completely ignored the other side of the coin — can we optimally maximize edge crossings? This paper answers this question in the affirmative. Our WORSTisfimal layout algorithm produces the most unreadable layered graph drawing. It does so by using linear programming to produce a provably-optimally-awful solution. We hope that this groundbreaking result opens up an entirely new field of inquiry for graph drawing researchers — optimally-worst layout algorithms.
External Airbag
Authors: Ardiyanto Muhamad Farid
Published: July 2022

External Airbag adalah sistem pra-tabrakan dengan airbag yang dipasang di bagian luar kendaraanuntuk membantu meningkatkan pelindungan penumpang dalam kasus tabrakan sisi samping.Sebelumnya teknologi airbag dimulai pada tahun 1952, yang mana telah mengalami banyakperkembangan hingga sekarang, pemasangan airbag tersebut berada di dalam ruang kemudi danpenumpang mobil. Salah satu pengembang perangkat ini ialah produsen komponen fitur keselamatan asalJerman, bernama ZF Friedrichshafen AG. Yang telah mengembangkan teknologi external airbag selama10 tahun. ZF mengembangkan sistem radar berupa sensor, kamera dan LiDAR untuk mendeteksikemungkinan terjadinya benturan. Pada versi ini, peletakkan external airbag berada di sampingkendaraan. Airbag tersebut akan mengembang dalam waktu kurang dari 100 milidetik sebelum terjadinyabenturan. Tujuan utama dari external airbag ini adalah mengurangi daya tumbuk pada semua sisi luarkendaraan saat terjadi tabrakan. Sehingga efek tabrakan dapat dikurangi secara signifikan, dan memberijaminan keselamatan penumpang makin besar. Pada external airbag ini mirip dengan airbag padaumumnya, ketika mobil mengalami benturan maka crush sensor akan mengirim sinyal agar inflator dapatsegera mengembangkan kantung udaranya. Namun kantung udara berada di luar bodi mobil danmemiliki cara kerja tiga fase, yakni fase pra-kecelakaan, fase tabrakan, dan fase pasca-tabrakan. ExternalAirbag akan mengembang setelah Crash Sensor mengirim sinyal ke Airbag Module, ketika terdapatkemungkinan terjadinya tabrakan maupun benturan. Dengan demikian Inflator External Airbagmendapat perintah dari Airbag Module untuk segera mengembangkan kantung udara dengan volume danwaktu tertentu. External Airbag mempunyai 7 komponen utama dan sangat penting, yaitu sensor jarak,kamera, LiDAR, External Airbag Inflator, kantung udara, crash sensor, dan Airbag Module. Keywords:External Airbag, sensor, tabrakan, keselamatan.
Perancangan Pintu Air Kerucut Berongga dengan Sistem Hidrolik di Bendungan Karangkates
Authors: Waranugraha Satria Yudha
Published: August 2022

Sistem pintu air pada bendungan adalah untuk mengontrol aliran air. Ini juga mengontrol elevasi permukaan air yang disimpan atau dialihkan. Jenis kerucut berongga dirancang karena memiliki energi disipasi yang paling efisien. Ini juga memiliki konstruksi yang sederhana, biaya yang relatif terjangkau, dan dapat dioperasikan secara elektromagnetik atau dalam sistem hidrolik. Desain kerucut berongga memberikan koefisien debit yang stabil dan dapat diimplementasikan dalam skala besar. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan ini adalah pengumpulan data dan perhitungan skala dimensi dan kapasitas pintu air. Hasil perhitungan ditentukan kemampuan pintu air kerucut berongga untuk mengontrol debit maksimum sebesar 5,9251 m³/s, beban operasi sebesar 2,875,92 kg, tegangan tarik di sekitar katup 2,0108 kg/mm2. Perancangan sistem kerucut berongga menggunakan mur M20 SC30C.
Evaluasi dan Analisis Beton Ringan (LWC) Manufaktur dan Aplikasi
Authors: mahardika agil
Published: August 2022

Para peneliti mempertimbangkan teknik baru untuk menghasilkan material lebih tahan dalam kondisi proyek konstruksi. beton adalah sebuah bahan bangunan komposit yang terbuat dari kombinasi aggregat dan pengikat semen. Beton ringan adalah beton dengan bahan dari campuran agregat ringan kasar dan pasir dengan ketentuan tidak melebihi batas yaitu1840 kg/m3 (Suarnita, 2010). Sebagai material komposit, sifat beton sangat tergantung pada sifat unsur masing-masing serta interaksi merek (Nurmaidah, 2015). Penelitian perbandingan sebelumnya jenis beton antara lain beton fly ash, AAS, CLC(Bella et al., 2017). beton ringan aerasi ini dianggap sempurna, termasuk material bangunan yang ramah lingkungan, karena dibuat dari sumber daya alam(Mulyana, 2020)
DAMPAK ACARA DAKWAH DI TELEVISI TERHADAP KEBERAGAMAAN WARGA KAMPUNG NAGA
Authors: Suryana Yayan , Triwijayanti Yani
Published: August 2022

Studi ini mengkaji tentang pengaruh media televisi teradap keberagamaan warga Kampung Naga yang berada di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa, kendati televisi sudah masuk dalam kehidupan warga Kampiung Naga, namun pengaruhnya sangat sedikit. meningat intensitas menonton televisi warga Kampung Naga sangat rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan kuatnya berpegang pada adat istiadat. Misalnya saja, dalam hal perayaan hari besar keagamaan, mereka tetap berpegang pada ketentuan adat. Hari raya keagamaan yang bertepatan dengan hari larangan, yakni selasa, rabu, dan sabtu, perayaannya akan ditunda hingga hari yang bukan hari larangan.
Comparison of land suitability class for endemic Coffea liberica Pinogu HP. acquired using different methods
Authors: Nurdin
Published: July 2022

Coffee is a national strategic commodity that contributes to Indonesia’s foreign exchange, but its productivity remains low due to cultivation on low potential land. This study aimed to determine the land suitability of endemic liberica coffee using two different methods and formulate recommendations for land management in Pinogu Plateau. Thirteen land units were surveyed, and soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory to identify the land characteristics. Land suitability classes (LSCs) were compared by limiting factor and parametric methods. Analysis using the limiting factor method showed that the actual LSCs for liberica coffee consisted of moderately suitable (S2) and marginally suitable (S3) classes. Efforts for improvement could increase the potential of LSC to became very suitable (S1) and S2 classes. Meanwhile, the assessment with the parametric method indicated that the LSC consisted of S1, S2, and S3 classes. These results revealed that the parametric method provides more realistic land characteristics than the limiting factor method. Land management II or the land that had a little limiting factor turned out to be more dominant with the recommendation of adding P and organic fertilizer.
Chương 8 Truyền thông marketing tích hợp (integrated marketing communication strategy).pdf
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: August 2022

The specific blend of integrated marketing communication tools that the company uses to persuasively communicate customer value and build customer relationships
“Pengaruh Rasio Tapper terhadap Performa Spoiler Belakang Mobil
Authors: granandatama muhammad barqi rizko
Published: August 2022

Perkembangan modifikasi mobil yang meningkat serta kurangnya pemahaman tentang fungsi menggunakan spoiler atau sayap belakang pada kendaraan, mendasari penelitian tentang gaya aerodinamis yang bekerja pada mobil. Pengaruh perangkat aerodinamis ini akan menghasilkan gaya tekan ke bagian bawah kendaraan atau disebut downforce, dimana gaya ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh nilai CL (lift coefficient). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi rasio tapper terhadap nilai downforce dan drag force pada spoiler tipe elemen tunggal yang dibuat menggunakan airfoil NACA 6412. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamic menggunakan software ANSYS Fluent dengan steady state pressure based solver. Pada penelitian ini digunakan lima variasi rasio tapper, yaitu: 1:1; 1:0.5; 1:0.7; 0.5:1; dan 0.7:1. Sifat fluida yang digunakan disesuaikan dengan iklim dan cuaca pada kondisi udara umum dan pada kecepatan aliran udara 100 km/jam. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai koefisien angkat tertinggi dicapai dalam variasi rasio tapper 1:1 yang sama dengan CL = -0,2275 dan CD = 0,0195. Nilai downforce tertinggi dicapai dalam variasi rasio tapper 1:1 yang sama dengan L = -107.529 N dan nilai drag force terbesar juga dicapai dalam variasi rasio tapper 1: 1 yang sama dengan D = 9,2269 N. Hasil CL/CD terbaik diperoleh pada variasi rasio tapper 1:05 dengan nilai 12,82
仮：社会主義的近代化と梅棹『文明の生態史観』
Authors: Tahara Hiroki
Published: July 2022

本稿は、大学講義において簡易課題として提出されたものであり、正式な論文ではない。
Unpacking Motivational Culture: Diverging Emphasis on Communality and Agency Across STEM Domains
Authors: JOSHI MANSI , Benson-Greenwald Tessa , Diekman Amanda
Published: August 2022

The current research examined whether life sciences vs. engineering/physical sciences vary in the visibility and value of communality and agency. Overall, we find an emphasis on agency in engineering/physical sciences and a greater balance between communality and agency in the life sciences. We examine motivational culture as represented in environmental structures (Study 1), in signals sent and received in academic displays (Studies 2A-B), and in individual-level motives and cognitions (Studies 3-4). Study 1 analyzed archival course data to find that courses (N=11,222) in engineering/physical sciences included fewer collaborative assignments than courses in life sciences. Study 2A’s content analysis documented that bulletin boards (N=68) in engineering/physical sciences academic buildings conveyed less communal purpose, and Study 2B found that participants (N=44) perceived greater communal purpose when viewing novel bulletin boards experimentally manipulated to include the cues identified in Study 2A. In Studies 3 (N=326) and 4 (N=110), engineering/physical science majors reported a strong agentic focus, compared to life science majors’ more balanced focus. Further, the strong agentic focus of engineering/physical science students waned over time. This investigation of motivational cultures highlights the daily practices and institutional contexts that can shape individual-level motives and cognition related to engagement in STEM, both within and across different STEM pathways.
Positive Illusions and Forecasting Errors in Mutual Fund Investment Decisions
Authors: Moore Don A , Kurtzberg Terri R. , Fox Craig R. , bazerman max
Published: July 2022

This study examines the portfolio allocation decisions of 80 business students in a computer-based investing simulation. Our goal was to better understand why investors spend so much time and money on actively managed mutual funds despite the fact that the vast majority of these funds are outperformed by passively managed index funds. Participants' judgments and decisions provided evidence for a number of biases. First, most participants consistently overestimated both the future performance and past performance of their investments. Second, participants overestimated the intertemporal consistency of portfolio performance. Third, participants were more likely to shift their portfolio allocation following poorer performance than following better performance, and this tendency had a negative impact on portfolio returns. We speculate that these biases in investor behavior may contribute to suboptimal investment decisions in real financial markets.
Model Fit is a Fallible Indicator of Model Quality in Quantitative Psychopathology Research: A Reply to Bader and Moshagen
Authors: Greene Ashley Lauren , Eaton Nicholas R , Forbes Miriam K. , Fried Eiko I , Watts Ashley L. , Kotov Roman , Krueger Robert
Published: July 2022

We review the limitations of model fit indices, which limit the validity of inferences that are based on them. In doing so, we encourage psychopathology researchers to think about model selection more broadly, and to approach model fit assessments more cautiously.
Probabilistic causal reasoning under time pressure
Authors: Kolvoort Ivar , Fisher Elizabeth L , van Rooij Robert , Schulz Katrin , van Maanen Leendert
Published: August 2022

Causal reasoning is a core facet of our cognitive abilities. However, the time-course of causal reasoning is not studied to its fullest. The duration of reasoning, including those that yield a reasoning error, might prove crucial in understanding the cognitive processes underlying causal reasoning. In two experiments we asked participants to make probabilistic causal inferences while manipulating external time pressure and measuring response times. We found that participants are less accurate under time pressure, which can be interpreted as a speed-accuracy-tradeoff. In addition, we found that conservative responding increased under time pressure. Surprisingly, we found that two other persistent reasoning errors - Markov violations and failures to explain away - appear insensitive to the time pressure we employed. These observations seemed related to the confidence that participants expressed in their causal judgment: Conservatism was associated with low confidence, whereas Markov violations and failures to explain were not. These findings shed doubt on existing explanations of causal reasoning that predict an association between time pressure and all reasoning errors. Our findings suggest that these errors should not be attributed to a single cognitive mechanism and emphasize the need for an understanding of causal judgements as the result of multiple processes.
Error and Bias in Comparative Judgment: On Being Both Better and Worse Than We Think We Are
Authors: Moore Don A , Small Deborah
Published: July 2022

People believe that they are better than others on easy tasks and worse than others on difficult tasks. Previous attempts to explain these better-than-average and worse-than-average effects have invoked bias and motivation as causes. This paper develops a more parsimonious account, the differential information explanation, which assumes only that people typically have better information about themselves than they do about others. When one’s own performance is exceptional (either good or bad), it is often reasonable to assume others’ will be less so. Consequently, people estimate the performance of others as less extreme (more regressive) than their own. The result is that people believe they are above average on easy tasks and below average on difficult tasks. These effects are exacerbated when people have accurate information about their performances, increasing the natural discrepancy between knowledge of self and others. The effects are attenuated when people obtain accurate information about the performances of others.
What predicts resource provision in college mentoring relationships?
Authors: Jarvis Shoshana N , Engel Jordan , Dao My , Mendoza-Denton Rodolfo , Brady Shannon Therese
Published: July 2022

Disclosure—the sharing of personal information—has long been appreciated as a key element of strong, close relationships. But its exploration in educational contexts has been limited. In the present study, we examine whether disclosure in mentoring relationships between a college student and a school-based “adult” is associated with benefits, controlling for the student’s achievement and assessments of their potential. Using data from a selective university that includes both mentor and mentee reports (N=143 pairs), we find that mentoring relationships characterized by greater personal disclosure provide mentees with more resources and continue to a greater extent after mentees graduate.
Using final deadlines strategically in negotiation
Authors: Gino Francesca , Moore Don A
Published: July 2022

Many practitioner-oriented negotiation texts advise negotiators who are under time pressure to keep their final deadlines secret, especially if they are in a weak position. While this advice is consistent with intuition, recent research on the effects of revealing deadlines in negotiation has proven it to be incorrect. This is a useful lesson for students of negotiation, who often find themselves under time pressure at the bargaining table. The article discusses ways in which this lesson can be successfully taught in the classroom. In doing so, the present work reviews prior studies that investigated the effects of revealing final deadlines on negotiation outcomes and explains why negotiators mistakenly believe they ought to keep their deadlines secret.
Extensive Networks of Megalithic Monuments at the North Bank of the Mouth of the Amazon River
Authors: de Moura Saldanha João Darcy
Published: July 2022

Ritual practices and landscape modifications have long been central themes in the study of the late pre-colonial Amazonian occupation. The debate focused on how, on the one hand, the intensification of rituals and, on the other hand, the increase in landscape changes are related to increases in socio-political inequalities, population growth, territoriality and ideology. Such changes are often correlated with evidence of the transformation of small-scale societies into more complex social formations, sometimes referred to as “chiefdoms”.The coastal region of Amapá was the site of the development of archaeological cultures characterized not only by highly decorated ceramics (often with the plastic representation of humans and animals), but also by the construction of megalithic structures.New prospections and excavations carried out in these structures give us a very good opportunity to understand the relationship between ritual practices, monument construction and cultural change in this region of the Amazon during late prehistory.This article presents a synthesis of practices related to the construction and use of megalithic monuments in the region. I try to show the extreme complexity of ritual practices, adding new information about social formations in the late prehistoric period in the region.
Within-group differentiation of the Early Iron Age Bolshaya rechka culture population (Novosibirsk Ob river region)
Authors:   Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kishkurno Maria
Published: August 2022

In the article the results of the within-group analysis of the Early Iron age Bolshaya rechka culture population from the Novosibirsk Ob river area are presented. The maximum available database of craniological measurements, including individual data published by a number of other researchers was analyzed. Thus, data on individuals from 11 burial grounds, namely Verkh-Suzun-5, Bystrovka-1, -2, -3, «26 iyunya», Milovanovo-2, -3, -8, Novy Sharap-1, -2, Ordynskoye-1 became the basis of the study. The craniometric measurements were carried out in accordance with the standard protocol of V.P. Alekseev and G.F. Debets. Statistical analysis includes methods of univariate (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, Fisher tests, frequency histograms and box plots) and multivariate (principal components analysis) statistics. Certain level of heterogeneity in the anthropological composition of the studying population of the Novosibirsk Ob region, which was not the result of a recent mixing of Mongoloid and Caucasoid groups, was revealed. Apparently, both the male and female Bolshaya rechka groups were related to the autochthonous Siberian component associated with the ancient population of Altai-Sayan Highlands. In addition, some skulls have a specific combination of metric characteristics. It can result from infrequent contacts with either European populations, or another ancient protomorphic groups. Also, few skulls display another specific combination of traits, which is usually associated with the taiga West Siberian populations.
Meson and glueball spectroscopy within the graviton soft-wall model
Authors: Rinaldi Matteo
Published: August 2022

In this contribution we present results of the calculations of several hadronic spectra within the holographic graviton soft-wall (GSW) model. In particular, we studied and compared with data for the ground state and excitations of: glueballs, scalar, vector, axial and pseudo-scalar mesons. The GSW model is found to be capable to describe these observable with only few parameters.
Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Patients’ Rights Among Nurses in Two Selected Teaching Hospitals in Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors: Mapatunage T.K.  , Seneviratne S.M.K.S.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Patients’ rights are one of the major components of human rights. As health professionals, nurses are bound to care for patients while safeguarding their rights. This study aimed to describe the knowledge and attitudes towards patients’ rights among nurses in two selected teaching hospitals in Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses from two selected teaching hospitals in Sri Lanka, using a pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 26.0. Results: The response rate was 71.0% and 300 nurses participated in the study. The majority of the participants were from surgical wards (71.0%) and had less than six years of service (44.3%). Their mean overall knowledge regarding patients’ rights was 81.90±12.48. When considering the levels of knowledge, 67.7% had good (>75%), 31.7% had moderate (50-75%), and 1.0% had poor (<50%) levels. A good level of knowledge was evident by the responses received on the right to have respectful care (89.3%), right to maintain privacy (91.7%), and right to receive good quality health services (91.0%). However, 19.9% showed a poor level of knowledge regarding the right to obtain prior consent. The mean attitude score on patients’ rights was 31.21±0.25, and only 48.3% showed positive attitudes towards patients’ rights. Nurses’ overall knowledge levels were significantly associated with the current working unit in the hospital (p=0.015). Conclusion: A majority of the nurses had a good level of knowledge but showed negative attitudes towards patients’ rights. Therefore, continuing education programs for nurses should focus on improving their knowledge and attitudes towards patients’ rights to enhance the quality of care for patients.

Keywords: Attitudes, Knowledge, Nurses, Patients’ rights, Sri Lanka
Relationship of Serum Cholesterol and Triglycerides Levels with the Body Mass Index in a Group of Healthy Undergraduates
Authors: Dharmapriya W.L.G.U.B.N.  , Bandara W.V.R.T.D.G
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Knowledge about the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and serum lipid levels is important in detecting the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The present study assessed the correlations of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels with BMI in a group of healthy undergraduates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 students of the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna. Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of fasting blood samples were measured using enzymatic kits. Students’ heights and weights were measured, and BMI values were calculated. Information regarding students’ dietary habits, lifestyle and family history of diseases related to dyslipidemia was collected using a pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20.0. Results: Mean (±SD) serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of the samples were 191.34±36.13 mg/dL and 116.25±59.9 mg/dL, respectively. The mean BMI was 22.48±3.59kg/m2. The total population had significant positive correlations between; BMI and total cholesterol level (r=0.23, p=0.017), and BMI and triglyceride level (r=0.42, p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between BMI and cholesterol levels in male students (p=0.800) but, a significant positive correlation was found between triglyceride levels and BMI of them (p=0.017). Among female students, significant positive correlations with BMI were observed for both cholesterol (p=0.005) and triglyceride (p=0.002) levels. Family history of dyslipidemia related disease conditions showed a significant effect on the elevation of serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels of the students. Although there was no significant difference, the highest serum lipid levels were detected among students who consumed eggs more than once a day. Conclusions: Significant positive correlations were found between BMI and both serum total cholesterol and triglycerides levels in female students. Among the male students, there was a significant positive correlation between BMI and triglycerides, and no correlation between BMI and cholesterol levels.

Keywords: Body mass index, Cholesterol, Correlation, Triglyceride, Undergraduates
Knowledge Regarding Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and its Prevention Among Nurses Working at Intensive Care Units of Two Teaching Hospitals in Sri Lanka
Authors: Muralitharan P.  , Seneviratne S.M.K.S.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) is the commonest hospital-acquired infection among mechanically ventilated patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Previous studies on ICU nurses report poor practice on VAP and preventive measures. The study aimed to assess knowledge on VAP and its prevention among ICU nurses from two teaching hospitals in Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 127 nurses from adult ICUs. Data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 20. Knowledge levels were categorized as good (above 75%), average (50-75%) and poor (below 50%). Results: Overall results showed that 62.2% had average, 33.1% had good, and 4.7% had poor knowledge on VAP and its prevention. The mean knowledge score was 70.15±10.5. Most participants had good knowledge on the meaning of VAP (68.5%), upper respiratory tract functions (84.3%), causative microorganisms (56.7%) and mode of transmission (78.7%). The majority had an average knowledge on standard precautions (48.8%) for VAP and poor knowledge on signs of VAP (52%). Regarding prevention of VAP, most of them had good knowledge on natural preventive mechanisms (92.1%), using of suction catheters (96.9%) and reducing microbial colonization in the oropharynx (93.7%). In contrast, poor knowledge was evident on minimum endotracheal (ET) suction pressure (69.3%), minimum ET cuff pressure (64.6%), early weaning from ventilator (72.4%), and disinfection of ventilator parts (53.5%). Conclusions: Overall knowledge of ICU nurses on VAP and its preventive measures was average. Knowledge deficiencies were identified in preventive strategies in maintaining airways and disinfection.

Keywords: Nurses, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Intensive care unit, Knowledge, Prevention
Analysis of structural and functional central nervous system abnormalities associated with prenatal exposure to ethanol in children of primary school age
Authors: Fadeeva E. V. , Lanovaya A. M. , Nenastieva A. Yu. , Korchagina G. A.
Published: July 2022

The article is presenting results of the third stage of the examination of primary school students for the identification and assessment of the severity of structural and functional abnormalities of the central nervous system (CNS) that arose in connection with perinatal exposure to ethanol — 77 children with previously identified delayed physical development of various degrees and characteristic dysmorphological disorders were examined. The identification of structural abnormalities to the CNS was carried out on the basis of assessing the correspondence of the occipital frontal circumference of the child’s head with the normative values for a specific sex and age, determination of functional abnormalities was carried out on the basis of an assessment of intellectual development based on the results of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and behavioral characteristics according to the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales.

The presence of structural abnormalities to the CNS, manifested by a decrease in the occipital frontal circumference 2 or more standard deviations below the mean for the age norm, was revealed in 59 patients (77%). A serious functional disorder of the CNS, manifested by mild and moderate mental retardation, was found in 23 children (30%). Mild or moderate functional impairment of the CNS in the form of delayed cognitive development was found in 21 children (27%).

Assessment of behavior and adaptive skills revealed a significant number of children (72%), whose adaptive behaviors were unfavorably different from the norm. The most common ones were: low concentration of attention — in 77%, increased anxiety and fear — in 65%, hyperactivity — in 60%, impulsivity — in 44%, outbursts of anger — in 43%, deceit and theft — in 40%, excessive dependence or codependency — in 38%, deliberate destruction of one’s own or someone else’s property — in 14% of children.

Statistically significant inverse correlations of a high level of significance (p≤0.01) between indicators of nonverbal intelligence and maladaptive behavior were obtained. Inverse correlations between structural abnormalities of the CNS and nonverbal intelligence are presented at the tendency level.
ENERGY PRODUCTIVITY OF SORGO GRAIN AND SORIZE DEPENDING ON THE TIME OF SOWING SEEDS
Authors:   Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet, Kiev, Pravdyva A.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the results of research on the influence of seed sowing dates on the energy productivity of grain sorghum and sorghum. Goal. Investigate the influence of seed sowing dates on the energy productivity of grain sorghum and varieties of Dniprovsky 39 and Samaran 6 varieties in the conditions of the eastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The field method was used in the study, which includes the study of biological and ecological features of growth and development, productivity and quality of the studied crop; laboratory method used to study the relationship between plant and environment; mathematical and statistical methods included the processing of experimental data to increase the validity of conclusions. Results. High yields of sorghum grain and biomass were obtained during sowing of seeds in the first decade of May (second sowing period), when the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm was 12-14 оС. In grain sorghum of Dniprovskyi 39 and Samaran 6, grain yield was 7.1 and 6.4 t/ha, biomass – 37.4 and 35.9 t/ha. The highest yield of bioethanol and solid fuel was obtained in the same variant of the experiment. The highest energy yield was obtained for sowing seeds in the first decade of May and was equal to 199.3 GJ/ha in the variety Dniprovsky 39 and 187.9 GJ/ha in the variety Samaran 6. About 71.0-72.0 % are concentrated in solid fuel (140,8 and 135.2 GJ/ha) of this energy and in bioethanol only 28-29 % (51.1 and 52.7 GJ/ha). Conclusions. It was studied that the grain yield and biomass of sorghum and sorghum mostly depend on the terms of sowing seeds – 29.2 %, the degree of influence of varieties was much lower and amounted to 8.1%. It is established that in comparison with the optimal sowing dates – the first and second decades of May, sowing seeds in the third decade of April (I sowing period) reduces grain yield by 4.2-12.6 % in the variety Dniprovsky 39 and 4.7-9,4 % in the variety Samaran 6; aboveground mass by 4.8-9.6 % and 6.4-10.6 %, respectively. Correlation-regression analysis of the data shows a close relationship between yield and biofuel yield. The correlation coefficient was R = 1, the coefficient of determination R2 = 1. There is also a strong correlation between yield and energy yield where R = 1, the coefficient of determination R2 = 1. Key words: varieties, yield, yield of biethanol and solid fuel, energy yield.