bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bentuk Penyajian Kesenian Senjang dalam Konteks Acara Seremonial di Kota Sekayu
Authors: Kurniawan Irfan
Published: March 2021

This research is a descriptive study of the phenomenon of Senjang art performance in the context of ceremonial events in the community of Sekayu city. This study used a qualitative approach, with data collection carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation, and data presentation techniques in the form of analytical descriptive writing. The results of this study are in the form of descriptions of the development of Senjang art in the city of Sekayu, and textual descriptions of the presentation of Senjang performances which include; the composition of the presentation of Senjang art, aspects of Senjang literary text, transcription of vocal music melodies, transcription of the main melody form of the musical instruments of Senjang, aspects of the players, the audience, and the place of the performance. Senjang is one of the traditional arts that has developed in Musi Banyuasin district, especially the city of Sekayu. Senjang is an oral literature of the type of pantun and talibun which in its presentation is combined with music and dance. This art has been inherited from generation to generation for a long time by the Musi Banyuasin community, especially the city of Sekayu. Senjang art initially only developed in Sungai Keruh sub-district, but over time this art began to develop in other areas around it, including in Babat Toman sub-district, Sanga Desa sub-district, and Sekayu district. In terms of the performance, Senjang is presented by telling rhymes spontaneously either singly (one person) or spoken by two people (usually in pairs) in an integrated manner, and accompanied by music. The accompaniment music in Senjang presentation usually uses a single organ, and there are some who use a single guitar, with the playing of short melodies that are repeated. In its presentation, the Senjang vocal music speech with accompanying musical instruments is not played simultaneously, but is played alternately.

Keyword : Presentation Form, Senjang, Sekayu City
Efektivitas Penerapan Guided Imagery terhadap Penurunan Rasa Nyeri Pasien Gastritis
Authors: Sumariadi Sumariadi , Simamora Dewi , Nasution Loni Yanasari , Hidayat Rahmad , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: March 2021

Gastritis merupakan peradangan pada dinding mukosa lambung dengan  tanda dan gejala nyeri. Gastritis atau sering disebut penyakit maag adalah penyakit yang sangat mengganggu aktifitas sehari-hari jika tidak ditangani akan bersifat fatal. Biasanya penyakit gastritis dapat terjadi pada orang-orang yang mempunyai pola makan yang tidak teratur dan sering memakan makanan yang memproduksi asam lambung. Asam lambung yang meningkat akan menyebabkan nyeri pada ulu hati yang dapat ditangani dengan manajemen nyeri, salah satunya adalah guide imagery. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh guide imagery terhadap penurunan rasa nyeri pada pasien gastritis. Desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan survey analitik yang melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien gastritis yang di rawat inap di RSU Royal Prima Medan . Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 85 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Pasien akan dilakukan pemeriksaan skala nyeri dengan menggunakan tools numeric sebelum dan sesudah tindakan guide imagery. Analisa data menggunakan paired t test di dapat p-value 0,000. Kesimpulan: Guided imagery berpengaruh terhadap penurunan rasa nyeri pada pasien gastritis.
EFEK WAKTU HENTI PENDARAHAN (BLEEDING TIME) DAUN BANDOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides L.) PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus)
Authors: Sidrotullah M Sidrotullah
Published: March 2021

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) merupakan tanaman yang berfungsi sebagai agen hemostatik eksternal Bleeding time merupakan waktu saat mulai terjadinya perdarahan hingga terbentuk sumbat trombosit dan vasokontriksi pembuluh darah sehingga darah berhenti mengalir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) dalam menghentikan pendarahan pada mencit jantan dengan menggunakan penelitian eksperimental. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode Duke. Ekstraksi daun bandotan dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% kemudian diuji skrining fitokimia. Hasil skrining menyatakan positif mengandung flavonoid dan tannin. Hewan uji yang digunakan sebanyak 25 ekor mencit, dibagi dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1 diberi Aquadest, Kelompok 2 diberi obat Epinefrin 1mg/1ml, Kelompok 3 diberikan ekstrak etanol daun bandotan 10%, Kelompok 4 diberikan ekstrak etanol daun bandotan 20%, dan kelompok 5 diberikan ekstrak etanol daun bandotan 40%. %. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistik ANNOVA (p0,01) Hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan waktu henti pendarahan dari setiap kelompok perlakuan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD (Least Significant Different). Konsentrasi ekstrak daun bandotan yang memiliki efektivitas dalam menghentikan pendarahan terbaik adalah konsentrasi 40%.
PENDAMPINGAN USAHA KREATIF KRIPIK KELAPA PADA MASYARAKAT DESA WATUSIPI KECAMATAN ENDE UTARA KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Nona Reyna Virginia , Sudrajad Aji
Published: March 2021

The implementation of community service activities in Watusipi Village was motivated by decreased community income during the pandemic period and the absence of creative efforts by the community to utilize the potential of human and natural resources in the village. It is hoped that the implementation of the KKN Mandiri for a month will provide assistance and build togetherness with village officials and the community to build creative business opportunities that can be done to improve the economic life of the community. One of the superior products of Watusipi village is coconut, so this service activity will be divided into two sub-activities, namely assistance in making coconut chips and assistance in marketing of coconut chips products. This assistance was carried out for three weeks with the target being mothers who are members of the Dasawisma. In the fourth week a survey was conducted to determine the market response to coconut chips products. The achievement of this mentoring activity is quite good because of the active involvement of the participants and the full support of the Village Government, and also from BUMDes, is a seller coconut chip.
El papel de la biopolítica en "Sangre en el ojo", de Lina Meruane
Authors: Adrada de la Torre Javier
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo estudiamos la dialéctica que se establece entre Lina, ciega por una patología ocular, y la biopolítica desarrollada por Michel Foucault y por Roberto Esposito. Defendemos que la enfermedad de la protagonista tiene una proyección social y política, pues el Estado ejerce poder sobre los cuerpos de la población y regula sus vidas en aras de la productividad. Lina tratará de resistir a este biopoder durante gran parte de la novela y se enfrentará al sistema médico, pero más tarde se percatará de que cualquier decisión sobre su cuerpo y su identidad estaba ya prevista e integrada en las dinámicas biopolíticas
engaño de la piel: la transmutación alquímica del sujeto transexual en "La piel que habito"
Authors: Delgado-Poust Antonia L.
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo considera el proceso creativo y transformativo por el que pasa el protagonista transexual de La piel que habito (2011) y lo equipara al proceso antiguo de la alquimia, pues ambos tienen como objetivo el perfeccionamiento, la imitación y la adulteración, o falsificación, de la naturaleza. El propósito principal del ensayo, aparte de delinear los elementos alquímicos presentes en el filme, es explorar la (con)fusión de ciertos binarios, como lo auténtico y lo artificial, lo masculino y lo femenino y el Yo y el Otro. Se plantea que, como en la alquimia, Almodóvar presenta a la figura del transexual –o del hermafrodita– como el ser perfecto, o la Piedra Filosofal, ya que encarna tanto lo femenino como lo masculino en un solo cuerpo. Además, a semejanza del oro alquímico y de las obras de arte, se propone que el protagonista, Vicente/Vera, representa una copia más perfecta de su referente original, lo cual subraya su nebulosa autenticidad existencial. Al final de este estudio, se establece un vínculo entre la transformación física y ontológica de Vicente/Vera y la mise-en-scène que este realiza para poder sobrevivir. Se concluye que el carácter transformativo e ilusorio de lo teatral concuerda con el aspecto experimental y artificioso de la alquimia.
Wie der CAD-Arbeitsplatz heute aussehen sollte
Authors: Richter Simone
Published: March 2021

Weit mehr als einfach nur ein großer Bürotisch – das sollte ein CAD-Arbeitsplatz sein. Der Hersteller Krieg Arbeitsplatzsysteme schickt seine zertifizierten Ergonomie-Experten in Unternehmen und Betriebe, um zu sichten, zu prüfen und zu beraten. Worauf genau ist in Sachen Büromöbel, Tischflächen, Ablagen, Beleuchtung usw. zu achten?
Rundschaltteller für mechatronische Auto-Teile
Authors: Schulz Norman
Published: March 2021

Der Rundschaltteller von Gaedigk baut mit seinen zwölf Stationen komplette mechatronische Bauteile automatisch zusammen. Angetrieben werden die unterschiedlichen Konstruktionsschritte von leistungsstarken pneumatischen Technologien.
Innovativer Werkstoff Beton
Authors: Sagmeister Bernhard
Published: March 2021

Fortschritte in der Betontechnologie haben die Materialeigenschaften soweit gesteigert, dass Hochleistungsbeton erfolgreich bei Werkzeugmaschinen, Prüftischen und Automatisationslösungen eingesetzt wird. So kommt Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) für schwingungsdämpfende Maschinengestelle zum Einsatz.
Feine Metallstäube kein Problem
Authors: Wolf Matthias , Schwab Stefan
Published: March 2021

Als führender Hersteller von Laserschneidemaschinen setzt Trumpf auf induktive Wegmessung und vermeidet so typische Probleme von Glasmaßstäben. Das integrierte Messsystem von Bosch Rexroth bringt nicht nur mehr Dynamik und Verfügbarkeit, sondern vereinfacht auch die Prozesskette – von der Konstruktion über Montage und Fertigung bis hin zum Service.
Messdaten drahtlos erfassen
Authors: Sammer Peter
Published: March 2021

Mit Drahtlostechnologie in der Messdatenerfassung ist es möglich, durch einfachen Einbau am Versuchsträger und schnellere Auswertung der Daten Kosten zu reduzieren. An diesem Punkt setzt das Messgerät „Data.Beam“ an. Es berücksichtigt Neuentwicklungen im Bereich der zuverlässigen Sensornetzwerke sowie der drahtlosen Zeitsynchronisation und ermöglicht durch eine hohe Flexibilität der erfassbaren Messgrößen die Erfassung komplexer Szenarien. Eine Programmierschnittstelle erlaubt neben einem Webinterface die Integration in bestehende Systeme, Prüfstände und Arbeitsabläufe – wobei die Basisfunktionalität als Stand-Alone Lösung immer gegeben ist.
Einfluss der Modellierung auf die Austauschqualität von CAD-Modellen/Influence of the Modelling on the Exchange Quality of CAD Models
Authors: Kleinschrodt Claudia
Published: March 2021

Inhalt Ein funktionierender Austausch qualitativ hoch- wertiger Daten ist die Grundvoraussetzung für eine durchgängige digitale Prozesskette. Bei der modellbasierten virtuellen Prozesskette ist die Qualität der in CAD-Systemen erzeugten 3D-Modelle von großer Bedeutung. Da die Art der Modellierungsmethode bereits großen Einfluss auf das spätere Übertragungsergebnis hat, werden verschiedene Modellierungs- varianten eines Schaftfräsers nach DIN 4003–82 untersucht, ihr Einfluss auf die Austauschdatei betrachtet und über Kompati-bilitätstests das Austauschergebnis bewertet.
Auslegung von Gewindehülsen in massiven Maschinenbetten aus UHPC/Design of Threaded Sleeves in Solid Machine Elements Made of UHPC
Authors: Sagmeister Bernhard
Published: March 2021

INHALT Maschinenbetten und -gestelle werden vorwiegend aus Grauguss und als Stahlschweißkonstruktion gefertigt. Aufgrund technischer und wirtschaftlicher Vorteile hat sich seit den 1980er-Jahren zusätzlich Mineralguss oder epoxidharzgebundener Polymerbeton durchgesetzt. Seit mehreren Jahren wird Ultra High Performance Concrete – UHPC – erfolgreich bei Werkzeugmaschinen eingesetzt und hat sich mit mehreren tausend Tonnen pro Jahr erfolgreich etabliert. Auf diesen Grundgestellen aus zementgebundenem Beton werden neben Gehäusen, Getrieben, Werkzeughaltern, Trafos usw. vor allem die beweglichen Teile der Maschine befestigt. Gängige Praxis hierfür ist die Verwendung von Linearführungsschienen. Diese Arbeit untersucht die vorgespannte, geschraubte Befestigung der Linearführung auf präzisionsgeschliffener Betonoberfläche mithilfe von speziellen Gewindehülsen. Untersucht wurde der im Maschinenbau marktführende UHPC mit dem Bindemittel Nanodur. Mittels rechnerischer Überlegungen, Versuchen und theoretischen Ansätzen aus der Bemessung von Dübeln im Bauwesen wurde ein Bemessungskonzept entwickelt und Dimensionierungstabellen entworfen.
Shiken: Past and future
Authors: Allen David
Published: March 2021

This article presents a history of Shiken since it was first published in 1997 until 2019, followed by suggestions for areas of future research in assessment to which the publication may be well suited to contribute. In the historical overview, data is presented about the following: the origins, titles, editors, and distribution; the article types; the contents of research articles and the design and methodologies they have employed. Regarding research article content, four prominent themes were identified: mass market tests, entrance exams, statistics, and validity/reliability. Regarding design and methods, research articles have tended to focus on English language tests with university students in Japan, while utilizing test and/or instrument data and quantitative methods of analysis. Recommendations for future research areas include investigations into the validity of test interpretations and uses of four-skills, vocabulary and other tests used in Japan, and language assessment literacy. Recommendations for future research design and methods include focusing more on a range of test stakeholders; various contexts, such as pre-tertiary education; and the use of qualitative and mixed methods.
Fractional Order Fuzzy PID Controller for Automatic Generation Control of Power Systems
Authors: Sahoo Dillip Kumar , Sahu Rabindra Kumar , Panda Sidharth
Published: March 2021

In this study, a Hybrid Adaptive Differential Evolution and Pattern Search (hADE-PS) tuned Fractional Order Fuzzy PID (FOFPID) structure is suggested for AGC of power systems. At first, a non-reheat type two-area thermal system is considered and the improvement of the proposed approach over Bacteria Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA), Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), Jaya Algorithm (JA), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Hybrid BFOA and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (hBFOA-PSO) for the identical test systems has been demonstrated. The analysis was then extended to interconnected thermal power system of reheat type and two-area six-unit system. The results are compared with Firefly Algorithm (FA), Symbiotic Organism Search Algorithm (SOSA) and Artificial Bee colony (ABC) for second test system and TLBO, Hybrid Stochastic Fractal Search and Local Unimodal Sampling (hSFS-LUS), ADE and hADE-PS tuned PID for third test system. Finally, robustness of the suggested controller is examined under varied conditions.
Simulation of the joint processing of pyrrhotite concentrate and nickeliferous oxidized ore
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Klyushnikov Alexander M. , Selivanov Evgeny N. ,   Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2021

In this paper the issues of improving the efficiency of processing of pyrrhotite concentrates and magnesia-silicate nickeliferous ores are reviewed. An original technology is proposed, its basic stages are partial oxidative roasting of the concentrate and joint contractile melting the calcine with nickel ores to gain matte. Roasting of the pyrrhotite concentrate allows to extract 70-80% of sulfur from the concentrate into gases riched with SO2, reduce desulfurization during melting and extract nickel, copper, cobalt and precious metals from both raw materials into the matte. The implementation of fluxing potential of nickel ore completely eliminates the use of fluxes during smelting and increases the specific productivity of metallurgical units in concern of raw materials. On the laboratory scale, the modeling of the main technological operations is performed to justify the technology. The possibility of separation of slag and matte with joint reagent-free melting (1400 ºC) of the product of partial oxidative roasting and oxidized nickel ore, taken in equal quantities, is theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed. Parameters of the roasting of the pyrrhotite concentrate: temperature 800 ºС, desulfurization degree 71.7%. Pyrrhotite concentrate contained (% wt.) 1.9 Ni, 0.2 Cu, and 0.06 Co. Oxidized nickel ore contained (%wt.) 1.2 Ni, and 0.06 Co. The slag basicity module (about 1) provides relatively low content of non-ferrous metals in the slag (% wt.): 0.24 Ni, 0.08 Co, and 0.04 Cu. Matte contained (%wt.) 8.9 Ni, 0.22 Co, 0.5 Cu, 58.7 Fe, 25.0 S, and 6.6 O. Extraction level in the matte was 87.8% nickel, 48.0% cobalt, and 73.3% copper from their content in the initial mixture. High levels of matte enrichment degree with respect to the charge were achieved; their values were 5.5 for nickel, 5.7 for cobalt, and 4.5 for copper. Desulfurization degree during melting and metallization degree of matte were close to zero. The matte was suitable for processing with known routes. The results are expected to be used in the development of technologies aimed to resumption of processing of oxidized nickeliferous ores from the Ural deposits.
Methodical aspects of quantitative elemental analysis of organic compounds using automated CHNS-analyzers
Authors:   Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Fitsev Igor M. , Vakhitova Maria Yu. ,   Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Babaev Vasily M. ,   Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Bulygina Ksenia S. ,   Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Rizvanov Ildar Kh. ,   Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Fitseva Evgenia I. ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Published: March 2021

In this article the methodical aspects of quantitative elemental analysis of organic compounds on the automatic CHNS-analyzers, combining the method of Dumas-Pregl and gas chromatographic separation of analytic forms elements (N2, CO2, H2O, SO2) recorded by the thermal conductivity detector are explored. Also there are shown methods of calibration of the thermal conductivity detector, including the traditional way that uses one standard sample and the way that uses three standard samples with different quantitative content determined elements. Besides, attached the methodical approach, which is used in quantitative elemental analysis of organic compounds and their mixtures on the automatic CHNS-analyzers made on local and abroad plants, is based on operative control of calibration characteristics that we get from the thermal conductivity detector (characteristics and results of a standard sample of known composition before and after elemental analysis of unknown compound).
Thin-layer chromatography of L-carnitine in micellar and cyclodextrin mobile phases
Authors:   N.G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University, Ustyugova Anna O. , Sumina Elena G. ,   N.G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University, Uglanova Varsenia Z. ,   N.G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University, Novozhilova Olga N. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky under Ministry of Health  of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

L-carnitine (lat. Levocarnitinum, eng. Levocarnitine) is a natural substance akin to B vitamins. Normalizing metabolic processes in the human body and having a wide range of therapeutic actions, L-carnitine is widely used in cardiology, neurology, gastroenterology, and sports medicine. Currently, modern analytical techniques, such as mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, radiation methods, etc., are used to analyze L-carnitine. Most of them are rather expensive and time consuming. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), which is notable for its simplicity, feasibility of analysis, separation efficiency and low cost, has received much less use. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to reveal the analytical capabilities of water-organic, micellar and cyclodextrin mobile phases for the analysis of L-carnitine by means of TLC. Initial L-carnitine solutions with a concentration of 20 mg/ml were prepared by diluting solutions for injections. Their chromatography was carried out by ascending thin-layer chromatography on plates of various polarities (Sorbfil, Plasmachrom, and RP-18) with a fixed sorbent layer. Aqueous solutions of surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100), of cyclodextrins (-cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin), hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin) were used as mobile phases. The zone of the main substance (L-carnitine) was identified by treating the plate with a mixture of freshly prepared 0.1N solution of potassium permanganate and 2.0 N acetic acid (the zone was colored in a light yellow color). Main features of the chromatographic behavior of L-carnitine were revealed. Based on the calculation of the number of theoretical plates and the height equivalent to one theoretical plate, it was shown that aqueous micellar and cyclodextrin mobile phases allow one to improve the chromatographic process efficiency and the shape of the chromatographic zones of L-carnitine as compared to water-organic eluents; cheaper Sorbfil plates (Russia) can be used for practical purposes. Optimal chromatographic systems and conditions for their use in the thin-layer chromatography of pharmaceuticals and food products have been selected and substantiated.
Aplicación de nuevas tecnologías para la cosecha asistida de café en el departamento del Tolima
Authors: Sanz-Uribe Juan Rodrigo , Hincapié Betancur Julián David
Published: March 2021

Se determinó identificar el tiempo máximo para extender los pases de cosecha en las diferentes regiones del departamento, evaluar el desempeño de las lonas para la cosecha, Manual de café, el desempeño de la derribadora selectiva de café, analizar la calidad física y sensorial de lo recolectado y socializar a los caficultores sobre estos métodos de recolección por medio de la realización de demostraciones de métodos, reuniones y días de campo.
Candidate Auroral Observations Indicating a Major Solar–Terrestrial Storm in 1680: Implication for Space Weather Events during the Maunder Minimum
Authors: Hayakawa Hisashi , Schlegel Kristian , Besser Bruno P. , Ebihara Yusuke
Published: March 2021

The Maunder Minimum (MM; 1645–1715) is currently considered the only grand minimum within telescopic sunspot observations since 1610. During this epoch, the Sun was extremely quiet and unusually free from sunspots. However, despite a reduced frequency, candidate aurorae were reported in the mid-European sector during this period and have been associated with occurrences of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), although some of them have been identified as misinterpretations. Here, we have analyzed reports of candidate aurorae on 1680 June 1 with simultaneous observations in central Europe, and compared their descriptions with visual accounts of early modern aurorae. Contemporary sunspot drawings on 1680 May 22, 24, and 27 have shown a sunspot. This sunspot may have been a source of ICMEs, which caused the reported candidate aurorae. On the other hand, its intensity estimate shows that the geomagnetic storm during this candidate aurora was probably within the capability of the storms derived from the corotating interaction region (CIR). Therefore, we accommodate both ICMEs and CIRs as its possible origin. This interpretation is probably applicable to a number of candidate aurorae in the oft-cited Hungarian catalog, on the basis of the reconstructed margin of their equatorward auroral boundary. Moreover, this catalog itself has clarified that the considerable candidates during the MM were probably misinterpretations. Therefore, the frequency of the auroral visibility in Hungary was probably lower than previously considered and agrees more with the generally slow solar wind in the existing reconstructions, whereas sporadic occurrences of sunspots and coronal holes still caused occasional geomagnetic storms.
Illuminating the Dark Side of Cosmic Star Formation Two Billion Years after the Big Bang
Authors: Talia Margherita , Cimatti Andrea , Giulietti Marika , Zamorani Gianni , Bethermin Matthieu , Faisst Andreas , Le Fèvre Olivier , Smolçić Vernesa
Published: March 2021

How and when did galaxies form and assemble their stars and stellar mass? The answer to these questions, so crucial to astrophysics and cosmology, requires the full reconstruction of the so-called cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD), i.e., the evolution of the average star formation rate per unit volume of the universe. While the SFRD has been reliably traced back to 10–11 billion years ago, its evolution is still poorly constrained at earlier cosmic epochs, and its estimate is mainly based on galaxies luminous in the ultraviolet and with low obscuration by dust. This limited knowledge is largely due to the lack of an unbiased census of all types of star-forming galaxies in the early universe. We present a new approach to finding dust-obscured star-forming galaxies based on their emission at radio wavelengths coupled with the lack of optical counterparts. Here, we present a sample of 197 galaxies selected with this method. These systems were missed by previous surveys at optical and near-infrared wavelengths, and 22 of them are at very high redshift (i.e., z > 4.5). The contribution of these elusive systems to the SFRD is substantial and can be as high as 40% of the previously known SFRD based on UV-luminous galaxies. The mere existence of such heavily obscured galaxies in the first two billion years after the Big Bang opens new avenues to investigate the early phases of galaxy formation and evolution, and to understand the links between these systems and the massive galaxies that ceased their star formation at later cosmic times.
Reverberation Mapping of Changing-look Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 3516
Authors: Feng Hai-Cheng , Hu Chen , Li Sha-Sha , Liu H. T. , Bai J. M. , Xing Li-Feng , Wang Wei-Yang , Yang Zi-Xu , Xiao Ming , Lu Kai-Xing
Published: March 2021

The changes of broad emission lines should be a crucial issue in understanding the physical properties of changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs). Here we present the results of an intensive and homogeneous 6 month long reverberation mapping (RM) monitoring campaign during a low-activity state of the CL-AGN Seyfert galaxy NGC 3516. Photometric and spectroscopic monitoring was carried out during 2018–2019 with the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope. The sampling is 2 days in most nights, and the average sampling is ∼3 days. The rest-frame time lags of Hα and Hβ are

and

days, respectively. From an rms Hβ line dispersion of σ
line = 1713.3 ± 46.7 km s−1 and a virial factor of f

σ
= 5.5, the central black hole mass of NGC 3516 is estimated to be

, which is in agreement with previous estimates. The velocity-resolved delays show that the time lags increase toward negative velocity for both Hα and Hβ. The velocity-resolved RM of Hα is done for the first time. These RM results are consistent with other observations before the spectral-type change, indicating a basically constant broad-line region structure during the CL process. The CL model of changes of accretion rate seems to be favored by long-term Hβ variability and RM observations of NGC 3516.
The FIP and Inverse-FIP Effects in Solar Flares
Authors: Laming J. Martin
Published: March 2021

The inverse first ionization potential (FIP) effect, the depletion in the coronal abundance of elements like Fe, Mg, and Si that are ionized in the solar chromosphere relative to those that are neutral, has been identified in several solar flares. We give a more detailed discussion of the mechanism of fractionation by the ponderomotive force associated with magnetohydrodynamic waves, paying special attention to the conditions in which inverse-FIP fractionation arises in order to better understand its relation to the usual FIP effect, i.e., the enhancement of the coronal abundance of Fe, Mg, Si, etc. The FIP effect is generated by parallel propagating Alfvén waves, with either photospheric, or more likely coronal, origins. The inverse-FIP effect arises as upward-propagating fast-mode waves with an origin in the photosphere or below refract back downwards in the chromosphere where the Alfvén speed is increasing with altitude. We give a more physically motivated picture of the FIP fractionation, based on the wave refraction around inhomogeneities in the solar atmosphere, and inspired by previous discussions of analogous phenomena in the optical trapping of particles by laser beams. We apply these insights to modeling the fractionation and find good agreement with the observations of Katsuda et al. and Dennis et al.
The Ion Transition Range of Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere: Parker Solar Probe Observations
Authors: Huang S. Y. , Sahraoui F. , Andrés N. , Hadid L. Z. , Yuan Z. G. , He J. S. , Zhao J. S. , Galtier S. , Zhang J. , Deng X. H. , Jiang K. , Yu L. , Xu S. B. , Xiong Q. Y. , Wei Y. Y. , Dudok de Wit T. , Bale S. D. , Kasper J. C.
Published: March 2021

The scaling of the turbulent spectra provides a key measurement that allows us to discriminate between different theoretical predictions of turbulence. In the solar wind, this has driven a large number of studies dedicated to this issue using in situ data from various orbiting spacecraft. While a semblance of consensus exists regarding the scaling in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and dispersive ranges, the precise scaling in the transition range and the actual physical mechanisms that control it remain open questions. Using the high-resolution data in the inner heliosphere from the Parker Solar Probe mission, we find that the sub-ion scales (i.e., at the frequency f ∼ [2, 9] Hz) follow a power-law spectrum f

α
with a spectral index α varying between −3 and −5.7. Our results also show that there is a trend toward an anticorrelation between the spectral slopes and the power amplitudes at the MHD scales, in agreement with previous studies: the higher the power amplitude the steeper the spectrum at sub-ion scales. A similar trend toward an anticorrelation between steep spectra and increasing normalized cross helicity is found, in agreement with previous theoretical predictions about the imbalanced solar wind. We discuss the ubiquitous nature of the ion transition range in solar wind turbulence in the inner heliosphere.
Local and regional patterns of fish assemblages in coastal lagoons surrounded by mangroves, Gulf of Tehuantepec in the south Pacific of Mexico
Authors: Romero-Berny Emilio I. , Schmitter-Soto Juan J. , Velázquez-Velázquez Ernesto , Gómez-González Adán E.
Published: March 2021

We analyzed the local variation of fish assemblages in four coastal lagoon systems surrounded by mangroves, draining into the Gulf of Tehuantepec (Pacific versant of Mexico), and determined the spatial patterns of alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. Fish were sampled between 2004 and 2016 at 63 sites using cast nets. The collected data were supplemented with information obtained from published works for three other coastal lagoons for the regional analysis. Local richness was high (89 species in a total of 19,017 specimens in four systems). Locally, dissolved oxygen, depth, and distance to mangrove were variables that significantly affected richness and abundance of fish in one or more systems. The Chantuto-Panzacola system showed the highest richness, significantly different from the other systems, although the trophic groups were similar. Regionally, two, Istmo and Soconusco complexes were identified, whose turnover rate (0.36) and gamma diversity (176) increased from north to south. Fish species richness and abundance increased with growing mangrove area, both locally and regionally, making this a highly explanatory variable. The Gulf of Tehuantepec is an environmentally heterogeneous region, with ecological patterns defined according to the spatiotemporal scale, which should be considered in the delineation of ecoregions and coastal management planning.
Reproductive cycles of the southern banded guitarfish Zapteryx xyster and the Velez ray Raja velezi caught as bycatch in a bottom-trawl fishery
Authors: Azofeifa-Solano Juan Carlos , Clarke Tayler M. , Espinoza Mario , Wehrtmann Ingo S.
Published: March 2021

The southern banded guitarfish, Zapteryx xyster, and the Velez ray, Raja velezi, are two endemic elasmobranchs in the eastern Tropical Pacific that are commonly caught by the bottom-trawl fishery. Reproductive cycles of these batoids were inferred from the hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indexes (males and females) and the oviductal gland width and the yolk follicle diameter (females) of mature specimens collected along the Pacific of Costa Rica between 2010 and 2011. Z. xyster females have a partially defined annual cycle with one reproductive peak in June and July, with most neonates and gravid females occurring during December and January (beginning of the dry season). The gestation period of Z. xyster can range between four and six months; males are probably capable of mating continuously throughout the year. Females and males of R. velezi have a continuous reproductive cycle with no clear peaks. Management and conservation measures of these batoids should consider their reproductive ecology, which may be linked to the degree of vulnerability to fishing. Based on our findings, we recommend reducing fishing pressure when mating (June-July) and pupping (December-January) of Z. xyster occur. In contrast, a reduction of fishing pressure on previously identified nursery grounds of R. velezi in the southern Pacific of Costa Rica may benefit their population.
The role of contractile reserve by stress test echocardiography for predicting cardiac resynchronization therapy responder: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lefi Achmad , Dewi Ivana Purnama , Dewi Kristin Purnama , Mulia Eka Prasetya Budi , Subagjo Agus , Dharmadjati Budi
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Up to one-third of patients who received resynchronization devices do not experience full benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Echocardiography plays an important role in heart failure patients treated with CRT. Contractile reserved is a strong prognostic factor to predict positive response to CRT (CRT responder).
Objective: We perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data to assess the relationship between contractile reserve (CR) and response to CRT.
Methods: We conduct a systematic search from major medical databases on all clinical trials published up to June 2020, written in English, full-text availability, and human subject. We used Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to measure the quality of evidence. We employed the Mantel–Haenszel random-effects meta-analysis of using RevMan 5.4.
Results: We identified 17 studies involving 1399 patients. The type of stress was either dobutamine (n=15) or exercise (n=2). The presence of CR was associated with a higher chance of CRT responder (OR 7.68, 95%CI 4.27–13.82, p<0.001) using a random-effects model. The ORs slightly differed when studies were analyzed separately based on the stress test type and definition of CR. Contractile reserve, assessed with dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE), defined as an increase in LVEF (OR 5.10, 95% CI 2.29–11.32, P <0.00001) was numerically lower than defined as increased LV contractility (OR 6.86, 95% CI 3.36–12.88, P <0.00001). The presence of CR assessed with exercise stress test are associated with higher chance of CRT responder (OR 49.11, 95% CI 15.04–160.36, P <0.00001). From our meta-analysis, we found non-ischemic has better respond to CRT compare to patient with ischemic etiology (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.31-0.55, P <0.01).
Conclusion: The presence of CR during stress test echocardiography with either dobutamine or exercise stress test is associated with a higher chance of CRT responder.
Filling distribution gaps: Two new species of the catfish genus Cambeva from southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae)
Authors: Costa Wilson J. E. M. , Feltrin Caio R. M. , Katz Axel M.
Published: March 2021

The fauna and flora of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest have been intensively inventoried since the 19thcentury, but some components of this rich biota are still poorly known, and some areas have been poorly sampled. Recent studies on a rich collection of mountain catfishes of the genusCambevahave revealed a high diversity of species still undescribed in the region. Here we provide formal descriptions for two of these species, found in areas inserted in a broad gap of the presently known genus distribution. The first one is endemic to small coastal river basins of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil; it is tentatively placed in an intrageneric clade, also includingC. castroi,C. davisi,C. guareiensisandC. zonata, by all sharing the presence of a flat small process on the dorsal margin of the quadrate, laterally overlapping metapterygoid and situated just posterior to the syncondrial joint between the metapterygoid and the quadrate. Phylogenetic relationships of the second new species, endemic to the Rio Itajaí-Mirim basin, are still obscure, but it shares a derived morphology of the mesethmoid with some species of theC. baliosgroup. Although species ofCambevahave little external morphological variation when compared to other trichomycterine groups, the present study once more shows the importance of recording and using osteological characters to diagnose externally similar trichomycterine species.
Probabilistic analysis of linear-quadratic logistic-type models with hybrid uncertainties via probability density functions
Authors: Burgos Clara ,   Instituto Universitario de Matemática Multidisciplinar, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain, Cortés Juan Carlos , López-Navarro Elena , Villanueva Rafael Jacinto
Published: March 2021

We provide a full stochastic description, via the first probability density function, of the solution of linear-quadratic logistic-type differential equation whose parameters involve both continuous and discrete random variables with arbitrary distributions. For the sake of generality, the initial condition is assumed to be a random variable too. We use the Dirac delta function to unify the treatment of hybrid (discrete-continuous) uncertainty. Under general hypotheses, we also compute the density of time until a certain value (usually representing the population) of the linear-quadratic logistic model is reached. The theoretical results are illustrated by means of several examples, including an application to modelling the number of users of Spotify using real data. We apply the Principle Maximum Entropy to assign plausible distributions to model parameters.
Electronic Dance Music Festivals in Riyadh: Pop Culture as a Space of Cooptation and Contestation
Authors: Derbal Nora
Published: March 2021

Within the course of a decade, electronic dance music (EDM) grew from an underground subculture into one of the most popular music genres among youth in Saudi Arabia. EDM parties developed from an intimate, semi-legal pastime practice of cosmopolitan youth into state-sponsored mass parties. In this article, I discuss the effects of the state’s embrace of pop culture as a strategy of the new Saudi nationalism, heralded by Vision 2030. In the name of the diversification of the economy, today the Saudi state invests in local music festivals. Yet, rather than understanding Saudi youth as mere objects of state policy, I suggest that Saudi youth navigate, reject, and appropriate these new cultural spaces, and turn them into an arena, where all kinds of subversive practices can become possible.
Analysis and Design of a Parallel Switched-Inductor DC-DC Converter
Authors: Kumar Prabhat , Kumar Amritesh
Published: March 2021

This chapter proposes a switched inductor configuration-based non-isolated DC-DC converter with high voltage gain. The proposed converter has two output capacitors instead of a single output capacitor for voltage boosting capabilities. Enhancement of the output voltage with the addition of more number of switched inductor cells is also possible in this configuration. The most advantageous factor of this proposed converter is the use of low-voltage semiconductor devices as they don't require large heat sinks. The converter operation in the steady state is fully analyzed. In addition to that, for the purpose of stability analysis, the small signal model for the proposed converter has also been developed. The frequency response using the small-scale transfer function of the converter has also been done by employing MATLAB. A suitable controller with suitable parameters has also been designed to improve the overall stability of the DC-DC converter in consideration. The results obtained after simulation verifies the feasibility of the converter.
Reliability of Smart Grid Including Cyber Impact
Authors: Popat Janavi , Kakadiya Harsh , Tak Lalit , Singh Neeraj Kumar , Majeed Mahshooq Abdul , Mahajan Vasundhara
Published: March 2021

Smart grid has changed power systems and their reliability concerns. Along with that, cyber security issues are also introduced due to the use of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), wireless sensory network (WSN), and internet of things (IoT) for two-way communication. This chapter presents a review of different methods used from 2010 to 2020 focusing on citation as the main criteria for reliability assessment of smart grids and proposals to improve reliability when it comes to assessing a practical transmission system. It shows that evolutionary techniques are the latest trend for smart grid security.
Proposal Intervention Based on the Classroom Project
Authors: Zepeda Hurtado María Elena , Benítez Pérez Alma Alicia , Contreras Domínguez Betsabé Adalia
Published: March 2021

The objective of the chapter is the elaboration of an intervention proposal based on the STEAM Integrator Project that from mathematics addresses the issues related to the 2030 Agenda proposed by the United Nations. The central element of the proposal is to consider the context and interest of the student for the selection of a topic related to science to explain it, argue it, and describe it in order to model it from different disciplines of the physical-mathematical area in the Upper Middle Level of the Instituto Politécnico Nacional.
Integrated Business Strategies for Transnational Digital Entrepreneurship
Authors: Duan Carson , Kotey Bernice , Sandhu Kamaljeet
Published: March 2021

This chapter examines the business strategies adopted by transnational digital entrepreneurship (TDE) through the lens of immigrant, transnational, digital entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial ecosystem theories and practices. The chapter focuses on how transnational digital entrepreneurs deploy integrated strategies in the TDE process. The chapter argues proactive growth strategies and ecosystem strategies play critical structural roles in the TDE. This case study interviewed 12 Chinese transnational digital entrepreneurs in New Zealand and Australia. The results of qualitative data analysis show that transnational digital entrepreneurs rely on the resources and opportunities provided by both host and home country entrepreneurial ecosystems, and digital entrepreneurial ecosystem plays a transnational bridging role for these entrepreneurs. The results also demonstrate that the traditional immigrant entrepreneurial strategies, transnational strategies, and digital strategies have been integrated and adopted by these transnational digital entrepreneurs.
Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Digital Education
Authors: Patterson Nicholas , Thiruvady Dhananjay , Wood-Bradley Guy
Published: March 2021

This chapter explores the impact that artificial intelligence will make in the education sector and how it will transform the way in which both educators and students interact in the classrooms of the future. The chapter begins with an introduction into the digital education space as well as where artificial intelligence currently sits. When it comes to the transformation of education, the authors explore the educator and student perspectives to ensure both sides requirements are portrayed. Both stakeholders have an equally large learning curve and require more digital literacy than in the past; however, the transformation that artificial intelligence will bring to the table is that educators and students will likely not be trapped with repetitive tasks and can focus on being creative, learning, and teaching. The three elements they explore in this chapter will give insight into work previously completed, research being conducted, and future insights and observations.
Transformational Strategies and Implications for Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Authors: Yılmaz Mustafa , Polat Volkan
Published: March 2021

Entrepreneurship has an effective position in the economic context. The positive impact of entrepreneurship on economic development, employment, and welfare in societies has increased the interest of different disciplines in the concept of entrepreneurship. The concept of digital entrepreneurship has emerged as a result of developments in digital technologies, especially internet technology. The increasing volume of electronic commerce has increased the interest in digital entrepreneurship because of the increased use of the internet and the impact of social media platforms. Digital entrepreneurship ecosystem encompasses all the elements that support the development of this field. In line with this information, the conceptual framework of digital entrepreneurship will be explained, and the technological applications within the digital entrepreneur ecosystem and how these applications support digital entrepreneurship will be explained.
Banking Perspective of E-Commerce and Digital Enterprise Transformation
Authors: Rehman Tansif Ur
Published: March 2021

Digital enterprise transformation facilitates financial services organizations via enabling them to be more secure, compliant, as well as being digital. It modifies the experience of employees, partners, customers, and stakeholders. The contemporary world is changing very rapidly as information technology has redefined e-commerce. In its simplest sense, a baseline definition of e-commerce can be the performing of business by engaging computer networks and telecommunication aspects. In a narrow sense, e-commerce is pertinent to the commercial sphere involving transactions and people relate it to buying and selling via the internet. On a broader spectrum, it has a wider range of multiple activities. The specific definition thus used in this research curtails it as being an activity performed via a telecommunication network or the internet, which is a component of business model that generates profits and also involves selling. It might be any one of the following: information, products (physical or digital), and services.