bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative aspects of veterinary and medical Pharmacy
Authors: Chernykh T. F. , Bogdanova O. Yu. , Baryshev V. A.
Published: February 2025

The development of veterinary science is unthinkable without the development of veterinary pharmacy. Due to the withdrawal from the market of a number of foreign companies producing veterinary drugs, on the one hand, there is tension in the quality of provision of some veterinary drugs, and on the other hand, there is an opportunity to increase their competence in this area themselves. We have analyzed scientific publications, educational publications and the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation in order to compare the aspect of veterinary and medical pharmacy. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the development of formulas, and then the use of the same medicinal, preventive and disinfecting substances in veterinary and medical practice has an undoubted advantage in terms of saving financial investments in the production and testing of the drug. Nevertheless, the difference in the clinical trial of drugs for medical and veterinary use is significant. To expand the production of veterinary drugs, specialists with pharmaceutical veterinary education are currently required.
Assessment of acute inhalation toxicity of Low-temperature SMOG insect® smoke generators
Authors: Sokolov I. V. , Tokarev A. N. , Engashev S. V. , Engasheva E. S.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this work is to calculate the parameters of acute inhalation toxicity of the low-temperature insecticide smoke generator SMOK insect®, as well as to establish its hazard class. The active ingredient in the generator is the synthetic pyrethroid cyflutrin.

The research was conducted on the basis of the vivarium and the Department of Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine.

The object of the study was 5 groups of laboratory rats of the Wistar line (4 experimental and 1 control). There were 6 animals in each group (3 females and 3 males).

The animals were inhaled with the active substance of low-temperature SMOK insect® generators. Each of the four experimental groups received the following doses of the drug according to DV: 1 – 0.5 mg / l, 2 – 2 mg/ l, 3 – 10 mg/ l, 4 – 20 mg/ l, respectively. The control group did not receive the drug.

As a result of the experiment, no dead animals were identified in group 1. In the 2nd group, 1 rat died, in the 3rd - 2, in the 4th all animals died.

During the experiment, respiratory depression and asphyxia were noted in animals. The irritating effect of the drug on the mucous membranes was revealed.

As a result of the conducted research, it was revealed that the drug SMOK insect® belongs to the 3rd hazard group (moderately dangerous substances) in accordance with State Standard 32646-2014.
Dynamics of age population variability in interior parameters of British breed cats
Authors: Orlova G. R. , Khodova P. D. , Ukolov P. I.
Published: February 2025

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the health of companion animals, particularly cats. The British cat breed, due to its interior and behavioral characteristics, is a popular choice as a pet. According to the CFA (Cat Fanciers’ Association is an international organization for the breeding and development of new breeds of cats. It is one of the nine members of the WCC - World Felinological Congress), the British cat breed is in third place in the list of the most popular breeds in the world, which makes the study of the dynamics of age-related population variability in the interior parameters of this breed especially relevant in the field of veterinary medicine for the timely detection of possible diseases, the occurrence of pathologies and the provision of necessary veterinary care.

Biochemical indicators, such as the concentration of albumin, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, calcium and blood glucose levels, play a key role in assessing the health of animals, reflecting the condition of the internal organs and body systems as a whole. Using these parameters, one can judge the quality of the functional activity of the kidneys, liver, hematopoietic and cardiovascular systems.

Age-related changes in these indicators often are not taken into account by veterinary specialists when analyzing the results of the study and subsequent diagnosis, which often leads to an erroneous conclusion about the health of the animal and, as a result, to the appointment of treatment that is not necessary. In this regard, there is a need to understand the differences between pathological changes in these biochemical parameters in the blood and physiological ones associated with the age of the animal.

This article presents the results of a study that describes the features of the age-related dynamics of biochemical blood parameters in British breed cats from St. Petersburg felinological clubs in the post-analytical stage of biochemical studies, which is an integral part of the anamnesis and is important in making a diagnosis and monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment.
Analysis of the technology of growing gherkin chickens - a new direction in meat poultry farming
Authors: Vinokhodov O. V. , Sukhinin A. A.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses a new direction in poultry farming - the production of gherkin chickens in comparison with the raising of broiler chickens on private farms. It has been established that the production of gherkins is more profitable in terms of economic indicators. Gherkins are also less susceptible to the development of infectious avian diseases due to their short growing period and often do not require the use of vaccines and therapeutic drugs to correct their condition. That is, gherkin meat is a dietary product for people.

Observations of several batches of gherkin chickens, numbering 0.5 - 2 thousand birds, raised in private farms in the Leningrad, Pskov and Novgorod regions showed that many of them were raised without the use of vaccines and medications. However, there is practically no guarantee of success in such production. Therefore, the development of a set of veterinary measures for raising gherkin chickens is an urgent task.
Microbiocenosis of the intestines of broiler chickens when using different doses of L-asparginates in diets
Authors: Zhilochkina T. I.
Published: February 2025

In 2021, an experiment was conducted in the vivarium of the FNC VNITIP RAS on three groups of broiler chickens of the Smena 8 cross with the use of a mineral supplement in the form of L-asparaginates in the amount of 10% and 20% of the accepted OMEC standards in the diets. At the end of the experiment, at the age of 35 days, poultry was slaughtered and intestinal samples were taken for research. According to the data obtained, a rich variety of lactobacilli was noted in the intestinal microbiome of broilers of all experimental groups, but their total proportion, along with bifidobacteria and bacilli, was small. At the same time, in the microbial community of the intestines of chickens of the third group, which received 20% of the mineral supplement from the accepted norms of OMEC in the diet, in comparison with the first and second groups, there was a confident tendency to increase the listed representatives of the normoflora. The proportion of cellulolytic bacteria in the microbial community of the intestines of chickens of all groups was high (72.78% - 95.12%), which compensates for the lack of representatives of the normoflora, is an indicator of the actively occurring processes of fiber breakdown and improved digestion.
The complex use of probiotics effect on the ecological condition of the cowshed and the physiological animal state
Authors: Ovchinnikova E. K. , Maksimiuk N. N. , Morozov M. V. , Butylev A. V.
Published: February 2025

Violations of animals keeping and feeding conditions, especially dairy cows, lead to decrease in their productivity and deterioration in the quality of milk. The study of the complex use of probiotics effect on the microbiocenosis state of the cowshed and on the physiological state of black-and-white dairy cow organism. Against the background of the cowshed premises treating with the "Multi-25" complex containing thermophilic bacteria, a complex of bacteria of the genus Bacillus was fed to lactating cows at a concentration of 1×1010 CFU/gram, as well as mineral complex of natural origin and fermented soybean meal. As a result, the absence of a group of E. coli bacteria (coliform bacteria) was established in the places where flushes were taken in the room where cows of the experimental group were kept, as well as an average daily increase in milk productivity by 2.65 liters and obtaining better quality milk: the fat content was 0.8%, and protein 5.97% higher in comparison with the control group. Protein and mineral metabolism improvement was noted in the body of the experimental group cows.
Influence of complex feed additive on the microstructure of the spleen of white rats
Authors: Simeiko A. V. , Mkrtchyan M. E. , Grinyuk E. S. , Safronov D. I.
Published: February 2025

When assessing the impact of various drugs (including feed additives), information on their effect on the proliferation of cells in the immunogenesis organs is very important. The feed additive was administered orally using an atraumatic probe in the form of a powder suspension for 90 days: the first group of rats served as a control, they were given tap water and compound feed; animals of the second experimental group received tap water with a feed additive in the form of fish meal at a dose of 800 mg / kg; and the third group - at a dose of 600 mg / kg. It was found that when using a complex feed additive (fish meal) in different doses, no significant changes in the clinical status of white rats are observed. Evaluation of the linear values of the rat spleen (length, width, thickness, diameter) showed that they were at the level of control animals. The average body weight of animals in the experimental groups was almost at the level of control rats. It was also found that the change in spleen weight was parallel to the increase in body weight of rats. This characterized their proportional growth and development. According to the results of the study of the histological picture of the spleen, it can be concluded that, despite the different doses of the feed additive, there are no visual changes in the organ at the microstructure level. The studies were conducted as part of the scientific work on the topic "Hygiene of processing biological waste by microbial synthesis."
Anatomical and topographic features of parotid gland vascularization in companion animals
Authors: Shchipakin M. V. , Melnikov S. I.
Published: February 2025

Special attention is paid to the digestive system when keeping companion animals. The digestive system consists of a large number of organs that occupy a certain niche in the chain of capture, digestion and excretion of food. As a rule, the oral cavity is the first department, which is responsible for the capture of food and the formation of a food coma. Among the digestive glands involved in the process, one of the important roles is assigned to the salivary glands. There are many works devoted to the act of salivation, but as a rule, these works are of a physiological nature. Scientific works related to salivary glands on anatomical and functional features in animals, in particular agricultural ones, are fragmentary. Not knowing the issues of anatomical topography, structure, and vascularization in companion animals, it is difficult to carry out various medical therapeutic and surgical manipulations. The aim of the study was to study the anatomical and topographic features of the vascularization of the parotid gland of companion animals and to carry out morphometry of the arterial vessels feeding it. Companion animals, in particular dogs and cats, served as the object of the study. The methods used for the study were fine anatomical dissection, morphometry using a ruler and calipers, vasorentgenography, computed tomography. The study established anatomical and topographic features of the parotid gland vascularization of companion animals, as well as morphometric measurements of arterial vessels. The main source of nutrition of the parotid gland in companion animals is the artery of the parotid gland and branches of the parotid gland. Arterial sources feeding the parotid gland are repeatedly divided according to the main type up to the vessels of the third order. All vessels of the gland have a branching pattern, namely, it passes from the periphery to the center. The course of branching of vessels in this gland is loop–shaped.
On Counteracting the Sale of Counterfeit Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use
Authors: Poyarkova T. V. , Zakhodnova D. V. , Shershneva I. I.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the data on the activities of the North-West Interregional Administration of Rosselkhoznadzor in the implementation of licensing of pharmaceutical activities in the field of circulation of medicines for veterinary use. The decision-making powers and results of work on blocking websites containing offers for the retail sale of medicinal products for veterinary use, including remotely, the retail sale of which is limited or prohibited, are considered.

The requirements for mandatory labeling of medicinal products for veterinary use were studied. The regulatory legal documents governing powers in the assigned area of activity and risk indicators of violation of mandatory requirements in the implementation of state control (supervision) in the field of circulation of medicinal products for veterinary use were studied.
Development of a molecular biological method for diagnosing hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys
Authors: Kraskov D. A. , Dzhavadov E. D. , Veretennikov V. V. , Tarlavin N. V.
Published: February 2025

Due to the intensive development of industrial poultry farming, timely monitoring of infectious diseases of birds is an integral part of a set of measures that provides for the introduction into practice of diagnostic studies that meet the current level of scientific development.

The most relevant for industrial turkey breeding is the monitoring of particularly dangerous diseases (OIE list): Newcastle disease (ND), avian influenza (AI) and economically significant diseases of turkeys - hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys (HET), infectious encephalomyelitis of birds (IEB), respiratory mycoplasmosis and mycoplasmic synovitis caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma meleagridis (MM).

An analysis of the current state of research on this topic has shown that the development of diagnostic methods for immunosuppressive diseases of birds (hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys) is an urgent area in the Russian Federation [1]. In order to prevent an outbreak of this disease, which is from an economic and epizootological point of view one of the most dangerous for the turkey breeding industry, it is necessary to carry out diagnostic monitoring of livestock on a planned basis in order to monitor the well-being of the farm for this disease, and in case of early detection of hemorrhagic enteritis, take all necessary measures to prevent further spread and reduce damage which she could have inflicted.

That is why the purpose of our study is to develop a molecular biological method for diagnosing HET using the example of PCR in the classical version.

In the course of the work carried out, the least variable GEI protein was selected, as well as the correct primers, amplification stages and the composition of the PCR mixture for this protein. When setting up the reaction, a positive result was obtained. All delivered samples reacted in accordance with the expected results.
Content of Ceruloplasmin and Fibrinogen in cattle with catarrhal mastitis
Authors: Kryachko O. V. , Chartoriiskaia A. V.
Published: February 2025

Acute phase proteins are the main tool for assessing the nature of the inflammatory process, monitoring treatment and part of the indicator of the internal state of animals in diseases of various origins. One of the most famous in diagnostic practice is the determination of the content of fibrinogen in the blood. Determination of the level of ceruloplasmin in veterinary medicine for diagnostic purposes is not so common, but it is an important marker of inflammation in the body. The aim of the study is to determine the content of ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen in cattle with catarrhal mastitis. Studies were conducted in Holstein cows divided into two groups: 1st - clinically healthy animals (n = 20) and 2nd - with signs of catarrhal mastitis (n = 20). The amount of ceruloplasmin was determined by Ravin's method. Fibrinogen concentration was determined by the Rutberg method. As a result of studies, a significant increase in ceruloplasmin was found in animals of the second group 694.75 ± 98.88 mg/l compared to clinically healthy animals 426.56 ± 25.59 mg/l. The level of ceruloplasmin in mastitis was increased due to the fact that the mammary gland is one of the sources of ceruloplasmin production in the body, and leukocytes migrating to the focus of inflammation are also the source of this protein. Fibrinogen content in patients was 6.77 ± 0.9 g/l versus 3.55 ± 0.6 g/l in healthy patients. An increase of the fibrinogen in animals with catarrhal mastitis confirms that inflammation make disorders in the coagulation and anticoagulation systems of the blood towards an increased tendency to thrombosis. Thus, the determination of the contents of the acute phase proteins in blood, such as ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen, is an important diagnostic tool for assessing the state of the body, and also indicates the nature of the process in the body.
The importance of therapeutic and preventive measures in the elimination of non-communicable diseases of cattle
Authors: Golodyaeva M. S. , Prusakov A. V. , Berezkin V. A.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to establish the importance of therapeutic and preventive measures in the elimination of non –communicable diseases of cattle, based on the data of summary reports on their detection and explanatory notes to them for 2022-2023, provided by the State Budgetary Institution "St. Petersburg Mining Station". In the process of conducting research using empirical (internal qualitative and quantitative analyses) and theoretical (classification, specification, analogy, generalization and comparison) methods, an analysis of statistical reporting on form No. 2-vet "Information on non-communicable animal diseases" covering agricultural organizations of St. Petersburg was carried out. It has been established that an increase in the volume of therapeutic and preventive measures carried out by veterinary specialists can significantly reduce the incidence of animal pathologies of non-infectious origin. First of all, this concerns medical examination, which allows timely identification and elimination of etiological factors that cause their occurrence.
Influence of the drug Toxo-bond on hematological and biochemical blood indicators of chickens infected with Fusariotoxicosis
Authors: Salimov Kh. S. , Berdiev Kh. R.
Published: February 2025

The article presents studies on the effect of the adsorbent preparation "Toxo-bond" on some hematological and biochemical indices of the blood of broiler chickens infected with fusariotoxicosis. In particular, as a result of hematological, biochemical and microbiological studies conducted by researchers in fusariotoxicosis of chickens, a significant therapeutic effect of the adsorbent preparation "Toxo-bond" was noted. An increase in the amount of hemoglobin, leukocytes. An increase in the level of glucose and total protein in the body of chickens receiving the drug, compared with birds of the sick and control groups. It was found that the hematological and biochemical indices of the blood of chickens in the experimental group were higher than in the control group of patients, and lower than the control level of healthy chickens, which also indicates the hematopoietic effect of the drug.
Application of Inelastic Nonlinear Buckling Analysis with Stiffness Reduction Factors to Web Tapered I Sections
Authors: Togay Oğuzhan
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the application of Inelastic Nonlinear Buckling Analysis (INBA) with Stiffness Reduction Factors (SRFs) in the analysis of web-tapered I sections, a structural configuration known for its non-uniform geometry. Leveraging the advanced capabilities of the SABRE2-V2 software, the study investigates the direct load capacity of members and frames, focusing on the implications for structural efficiency and steel material utilization. The inclusion of fixed brace conditions at the midpoint of the beam member, with non-uniform bending, expandsthe applicability of INBA to complex configurations. The research validates the analytical methods through comparison with Finite Element Analysis (FEA)with four cases that includes different taper angle, achieving an average 98.6% consistency. The study unveils a characteristic S-shaped buckling pattern influenced by strategically placed braces, providing valuable insights into stability and performance optimization. Furthermore, INBA coupled with SRFs elucidates yielding patterns within the member, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of load-carrying behavior and potential failure mechanisms. The findings support the broader adoption of INBA for web-tapered I sections, offering engineers reliable tools for enhanced structural analysis and design. The paper concludes with implications for future research, suggesting exploration of varied taper angles, loading conditions, and material properties.
Solution of the Single Degree of Freedom System Using Bernoulli Collocation Method
Authors: Biçer Kübra Erdem
Published: February 2025

The fundamental subject of a single degree of freedom system's free vibration is essential in the field of mechanical vibrations, with applications in a wide range of engineering fields. This paper presents a novel numerical method for solving this problem based on Bernoulli polynomials in matrix form. The method is simple to implement and requires only basic linear algebra operations. The method is also very efficient; and can be used to solve problems with the single degree of freedom system. The proposed method isillustrated by a numerical example, and the results are compared with those of the exact solution. The results show that the proposed method is highly accurate and efficient.
Les araignées de la réserve naturelle nationale du Rocher de la Jaquette (Puy-de-Dôme)
Authors: Courtial Cyril
Published: February 2025

Nous présentons ici les résultats d’un inventaire des araignées réalisé sur la réserve naturelle nationale du Rocher de la Jaquette après une première étude datant de 2004. 5 stations d’échantillonnage ont été définies : lande à Genêt purgatif, fourré à prunellier, pelouse sèche, prairie mésophile et boisement. À cela, il faut ajouter l’étude de deux pierriers sur les lesquels des pièges Owen disposés durant un an ont servi à inventorier la faune de ces derniers. Cet inventaire a permis d’identifier 251 araignées. En y ajoutant les taxons non revus du précédent inventaire, ce chiffre monte à 275 espèces, faisant de cette réserve l’une des plus riches d’Auvergne concernant l’aranéofaune. 11 espèces sont citées pour la première fois d’Auvergne et 5 de la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. La synthèse met en évidence la présence de 5 espèces quasi-menacées, 3 espèces très rares (Xysticus ibex (Thomisidae), Diplocephalus lusiscus (Linyphiidae) et Bolyphantes kolosvaryi (Linyphiidae)) et 24 espèces non revues. Plusieurs d’entre-elles sont des espèces septentrionales qui pourraient avoir subi les effets du changement climatique. Des cortèges caractéristiques ont été mis en évidence sur les pelouses et landes à genêt ; les prairies et fourrés à prunellier et enfin sur les forêts. L’étude des pierriers a permis l’identification d’au moins 8 espèces troglophiles et 3 associées à la surface de ces derniers. La complémentarité des méthodes d’échantillonnage et l’intérêt de la conservation des échantillons issus de programmes d’inventaires par tente Malaise sont aussi démontrés.
Correlação entre os atributos físico-químicos e caseinomacropeptídeo (CMP) do leite cru refrigerado proveniente de produtores rurais no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Ströher Jeferson Aloísio , Nunes Isaac dos Santos , Severo Joseana , Michelotti Adrriana Aparecida Hansall
Published: February 2025

O setor lácteo brasileiro desempenha um papel essencial na economia, sendo impulsionado por pequenos produtores que contribuem para o desenvolvimento regional. Entretanto, desafios relacionados à qualidade e à adulteração do leite reforçam a necessidade de medidas rigorosas de controle. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de 300 amostras de leite cru refrigerado provenientes de produtores do Rio Grande do Sul, entre 2021 e 2023, explorando a correlação entre o índice de caseinomacropeptídeo (CMP) e os parâmetros físico-químicos do leite. A análise de CMP foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), enquanto as demais análises físico-químicas seguiram os protocolos estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária (MAPA), com amostras coletadas e analisadas in loco. Os resultados revelaram correlações significativas entre o CMP e atributos como acidez (-0,881), temperatura (0,754) e redutase (-0,668), sugerindo que a elevação do CMP está associada à ação proteolítica no leite. Os achados deste estudo destacam a importância de a indústria de laticínios manter um controle rigoroso dos parâmetros de qualidade em todas as etapas da cadeia produtiva, desde a produção na propriedade rural até o processamento industrial, a fim de assegurar os padrões estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira e a qualidade dos produtos.
Perfil sensorial de análogo de hambúrguer vegetal à base de coprodutos de babaçu e proteínas vegetais
Authors: Santos Vitor Soares do Amaral , Sousa Paulo Henrique Machado de , Nunes Guilhermina Maria Vieira Cayres , Benevides Selene Daiha
Published: February 2025

A crescente preocupação com o impacto ambiental e a busca por alternativas alimentares sustentáveis têm impulsionado o desenvolvimento de produtos plant-based. Este estudo objetivou elaborar hambúrgueres vegetais utilizando resíduos de coco babaçu e outros ingredientes regionais, explorando seu perfil sensorial e aceitação. Quatro formulações foram desenvolvidas com diferentes proporções de fibra de coco babaçu e óleo de coco. Os hambúrgueres foram avaliados por análises sensoriais, incluindo os métodos Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) e Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA), e submetidos a testes de aceitação e intenção de compra. Os resultados demonstraram que a coloração e o sabor foram significativamente influenciados pelas proporções de fibra e óleo de coco. A formulação com maior teor de óleo (15F25G) foi associada a atributos como "maciez" e "suculência", enquanto a formulação com maior teor de fibra (35F5G) apresentou características mais densas e fibrosas. O "aroma de coco" foi unanimemente identificado e bem aceito em todas as formulações. O "sabor picante" destacou-se em formulações intermediárias, como 20F20G e 30F10G, indicando o impacto positivo do equilíbrio entre fibra e óleo de coco nos atributos sensoriais. A análise de intenção de compra revelou maior preferência pelas formulações 35F5G e 15F25G, sugerindo que tanto a textura firme quanto a maciez podem atrair diferentes perfis de consumidores. Conclui-se que o aproveitamento de resíduos de coco babaçu em hambúrgueres vegetais não apenas promove inovação e sustentabilidade, mas também atende às expectativas sensoriais e de mercado, demonstrando seu potencial para fortalecer a economia circular e valorizar recursos regionais.
Protecting Vulnerable Populations: Informed Consent, Indigenous Gatekeepers of Deities, and Ethical Research Practices
Authors: A. Adegbite,
Published: February 2025

The history of human subjects' research is fraught with instances of exploitation, particularly of vulnerable populations, under the guise of scientific progress. Notably, the Nazi experiments on prisoners during World War II and the U.S. Public Health Service Study of untreated syphilis in African American men in Macon County, Alabama (the Tuskegee syphilis study) stand out. These cases reflect a broader issue where vulnerable populations, unable to safeguard their interests, were exploited for others' benefit. Such abuses led to the establishment of ethical guidelines, codes of conduct, and regulations designed to protect human participants, especially those in vulnerable situations. Vulnerable populations in the course of research have hence been defined as communities or groups that face heightened risks of exploitation due to social, economic, environmental, or historical inequities. Among these are indigenous people who often bear the brunt of marginalisation. This work centres on Indigenous knowledge keepers, highlighting their resilience and invaluable contributions to preserving ancestral wisdom while addressing the unique challenges they face. This paper delves into the ethical principles guiding research, identifies vulnerable populations for research purposes, and instances where they can be breached. While other researchers have espoused issues on several groups of vulnerability, this researcher projects and focuses only on Indigenous gatekeepers of deities as vulnerable groups within Indigenous communities. They hold the responsibility of safeguarding spiritual practices, sacred knowledge, rituals, and sites associated with their deities or spiritual entities and whose cultural and spiritual properties can be appropriated or misused in research. The concept of informed consent is extended beyond individuals to encompass the protection of communities and their cultural heritage. , ensuring cultural integrity and safeguarding against exploitation in the research process. This research employs a qualitative approach, using a literature review, Laws and case studies to explore the ethical guidelines and historical instances of exploitation in human subjects’ research. It examines contemporary research ethics, with a focus on informed consent and the role of indigenous gatekeepers of deities, to propose ethical, legal frameworks that protect both individuals and communities, particularly in research involving indigenous populations.
The Usage of Swear Words Among Generations X, Y and Z in Rivers State University
Authors: E. A. Tikile, , I. E. Ngulube,
Published: February 2025

This paper examined the use of swear words among individuals from three generations in Rivers State University. It specifically explored the frequency of usage of specific swear words, contexts of use, and communication platforms. Data was gotten through questionnaires, which were analysed through quantitative methods and presented in their frequency and simple percentages. The analysis of the data revealed that there are significant generational differences in the use of profanities. Generation Z uses swear words more often and with a more positive attitude, incorporating them into everyday conversations face-to-face and even on social networks, to a greater extent than older generations. In contrast, Generation X uses swear words less frequently and typically reserves them for more private situations. The findings indicate possible changing attitudes towards profanity and a greater tolerance for and acceptance of its use, especially among younger generations.
The Medication used in the treatment of Mucormycosis infection
Authors: Bhoknal Mayuri Rajesh
Published: February 2025

Mucormycosis is a life threating infection caused by mucorales. The mucormycosis is an opportunistic angina fungal infection that occurs in recent pandemic situation, in that patient who are administered the immunosuppressive drugs or in weekend immune system patients mostly. The Ayurveda plays vital role in mucormycosis with maintaining the diet, regular exercise, also maintaining the personnel hygiene. The amphotericin B is the primary therapy and mostly prescribed drug drugs in fungal infection. The mucormycosis is spread through the burn cut, or through the injury entered into the body. The mucormycosis also known as the black fungus or zygomycosis.
Unlocking the potential: SLU-PP-332 and the future of exercise Enhancement and Metabolic health
Authors: Mahale Bhupendra M. , Girase Akshata M. , Mahale Maheshwari M.
Published: February 2025

The synthetic oestrogen receptor-related orphan receptor (ERR) agonist SLU-PP-332 exhibits promising potential in revolutionizing fitness and weight loss strategies. Through its activation of ERRs, SLU-PP-332 enhances energy expenditure, increases fatty acid oxidation, and reduces fat mass buildup. Studies indicate its ability to mimic exercise-induced metabolic pathways, resulting in improved endurance and weight loss in mice. While long-term implications are yet to be fully understood, initial trials show no significant adverse effects. SLU-PP-332 targets ERRs found in various human organs, influencing vital metabolic processes. With implications for treating metabolic disorders like obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart failure, SLU-PP-332 emerges as a novel therapeutic agent. Its biological activity, structure, and solubility data support its potential as a small molecule drug in endocrinology and metabolic diseases. Further research is warranted to elucidate its long-term effects and refine its structure for future clinical applications
Assessment of the non-technical skills of the nursing officers in the operating theatres of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka
Authors: M. S. Samarawickrama , Dissanayake D. M. A. K.
Published: February 2025

Non-technical skills are social and cognitive skills that complement technical skills. As they contribute to safety and efficiency at the point of service delivery, their importance is increasing over technical skills. Operating theatres are high-risk settings in hospitals where the work depends heavily on the non-technical skills of the theatre team. This study aimed to assess the level of non-technical skills of the nursing officers in the operating theatres of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The study explored three non-technical skills categories (i.e., communication and teamwork, task management, and situation awareness) under which there were nine elements based on the "Scrub Practitioners’ List of Intraoperative Non-Technical Skills (SPLINTS)” system. All the eligible operating theater nursing officers were included. Their level of knowledge and practices of the non-technical skills were assessed quantitatively using a self-administered questionnaire and a self-administered checklist with a scoring system with predetermined cutoff values on the expected level of knowledge (>60% of knowledge score) and level of practice (>3 practice score). Data were analyzed using “SPSS version-26 software”. A ‘satisfactory’ level of knowledge of non-technical skills with a knowledge score of 90.19% was observed. A ‘marginal’ level of practice with a practice score of 2.99 was observed. This denoted a practice gap in non-technical skills among the operating theatre nursing officers. A non-technical skills gap was evident in the practices of the operating theatre nursing officers of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. This study provided new knowledge on the existing non-technical skills gap in operating theatre nursing officers of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. It would be beneficial to explore the non-technical skills of nursing officers working in all settings, as non-technical skills are important not only in high-risk settings but also in routine work conditions.
Assessment of Mother’s Knowledge on Malnutrition among Under-Five Children in selected Rural Areas: A Descriptive Survey
Authors: Devi Priyanaka
Published: February 2025

The causes of childhood malnutrition are diverse, multidimensional, and interrelated. An analytical framework suggested by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) categorizes the causes into (a) immediate causes: inadequate dietary intake and illness, (b) underlying causes: insufficient access to food in a household; inadequate health services and unhealthy environment; and inadequate care for children and women at the household level, and (c) basic causes: insufficient current and potential resources at societal level. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported hunger and related malnutrition as the greatest single threat to the world's public health. So, this study aim is to find out mother’s knowledge on malnutrition can help to improve the conditions related to malnutrition among the children as to improve the health status. In this study Quantitative research approach applied. In the present study an descriptive research design used. The research variable in the present study Mother’s knowledge. The research areas for the research study were 10 selected rural areas of himachal pradesh. The population comprises of under-five children and their mothers from rural areas of himachal pradesh who fulfills the inclusion criteria. Under-five children and their mothers residing in selected rural areas of himachal pradesh. The sample of study was under five children and their mother. In this study purposive sampling technique used. Study shows that 24% mothers had average knowledge, 76% had poor level of knowledge and 0 % mothers had good level of knowledge.
A Study to Assess the Cognitive Impairment among Elderly People
Authors: Jayakumar Archana , A.P. Bincy
Published: February 2025

A descriptive study was conducted among 62 elderly people living in Tholur Panchayath, Thrissur to assess the cognitive impairment among elderly people. The objectives of the study were to assess the cognitive impairment among elderly people and to find the association between the cognitive impairment among elderly people with selected socio demographic variables. Total 62 samples were selected using a convenient sampling technique. The data was collected using self-structured sociodemographic questionnaire and Montreal cognitive assessment scale. The statistical analysis of the data shows that Majority of the subjects (45.2%) have severe cognitive impairment, 30.6% have moderate cognitive impairment and 24.2% had mild cognitive impairment and there is a significant association between cognitive impairment among elderly people with age (p=0.006) and literacy (p=0.0001) at p<0.05.
Occupational Stress - A Trash to Daily Life and A Chaos in Work Life Balance
Authors: KK Ajith , Nair Vijayasree. V.
Published: February 2025

Most of our friend’s reaction to a casual call asking about how is your job ends up like “it’s like a hell”. And most of us might have gone through such a situation at least once in our life. Every job has its own difficulty and it can somehow alter the mental peace of we and you in any ways. At present days stress at the work-place has become a major cause of concern. Stress at workplace reduces workers satisfaction, productivity, increase absenteeism and turnover and organizations suffer a huge financial loss. At a certain level of stress is desirable and positively motivate individual. On the other hand, too much stress affects physical and mental states of person. Materials And Methods: Several electronic databases, including PubMed, Wiley, Springer, Google Scholar, Web of Science, WHO, Wikipedia, Research Gate, Forbes, Medline, Healthline were searched for this article.
ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ И ОБРЕТЕНИЕ БОГАТЫРСКОЙ СИЛЫ В ЭПИЧЕСКИХ ПОВЕСТВОВАНИЯХ ХАКАСОВ
Authors: Чистобаева Н.С.
Published: February 2025

В данной статье выявлены и описаны волшебные предметы и средства с семантикой «восстановления и обретения богатырской силы», способствующие развитию определенного сюжета и мотивов в эпическом повествовании хакасов. Реализация поставленной цели предусматривает решение следующих задач: выявление и описание устойчивых поэтических описаний на примере волшебных предметов и средств с семантикой «восстановления и обретения богатырской силы», при детальном анализе конкретных волшебных атрибутов, сходства и различия в текстах разных сказителей, определение степени привязки к эпическому сюжету и мотивам. К рассматриваемой категории волшебных предметов относятся: платок (белый/ черный), перо, складной нож, белое яйцо, сырок, таволожник, молочное озеро. Введение волшебных предметов с данной семантикой в поэтическую ткань эпоса способствует в дальнейшем раскрытию мотивов, связанных с испытаниями и подвигами богатыря / богатырки, мотивировкой выезда из дома, богатырским поединком. Несмотря на то, что анализируемые волшебные предметы не являются обязательными атрибутами, они способствуют развитию определенного сюжета в эпическом произведении, соединению различных отрезков текста, обеспечении их семантической связности.

This article identifies and describes magic objects and tools with the semantics of “recovering and getting heroic power” contributing to the development of a certain plot and motifs in the Khakass’ epic narrative. Realization of this goal requires solving the following tasks: identification and description of stable poetic descriptions using the example of magic objects and means with the semantics of “recovering and getting heroic power”, with the detailed analysis of specific magic attributes, similarities and differences in texts of different storytellers, determining the degree of reference to the epic plot and motifs. The category of magic objects under consideration includes: a handkerchief (white/ black), a pen, a jackknife, a white egg, cheese, tavolozhnik, a milk lake. The introduction of magic objects with this semantics into the poetic fabric contributes to the further disclosure of the motifs associated with the trials and exploits of the hero / hero-woman, the motivation for leaving home, the heroic duel. Despite the fact that the analyzed magic objects are not mandatory attributes, they contribute to the development of a certain plot in an epic piece of work, the connection of various parts of the text, ensuring their semantic coherence.
Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Anshul Chaudhary
Published: February 2025

Electric car sales have surged sixfold in the last five years, totalling more than 40 million. These vehicles are environmentally beneficial, have minimal operating and maintenance costs, and account for almost 11% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. They could be a critical technology in combating climate change and global pollution. Switching from traditional petrol or gas cars to electric vehicles (EVs) presents major hurdles in decreasing emissions, reducing operational expenses, and enhancing energy storage capabilities. Wireless charging electric vehicles provide hopeful answers to the drawbacks of wired charging like limited range and long charging times. This article outlines a thorough strategy to tackle the obstacles of wireless power transfer (WPT) for electric vehicles (EVs) through optimizing coupling frequency and coil design to improve efficiency, while reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and heat production. A new coil design and adaptive hardware are suggested to enhance power transfer efficiency (PTE) by determining the best magnetic resonant coupling WPT and reducing coil misalignment, a major obstacle to the widespread use of WPT for EVs. An innovative approach to creating and organizing lanes and amenities along roadsides for dynamic wireless charging (DWC) of electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. This involves enhancing transmitter coils (TCs), receiver coils (RCs), and compensation circuits. Dynamic Wireless Charging utilizes Resonant Inductive Coupling to transfer electrical power wirelessly between two coils. An alternating current in the primary coil creates a magnetic field, inducing a voltage in the secondary coil. This system is used for dynamic charging of Electric Vehicles, with primary coils installed beneath the road and secondary coils mounted on the EV. Efficiency is dependent on high-frequency AC and compensation network tuning. The manuscript introduced a novel method for dynamically charging electric vehicles demonstrating its potential for sustainable and cost-effective EV infrastructure. Future research will focus on enhancing system efficiency and extending the charging lane distance.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.1502
The Determining of the New IMF and Incision Location in Breast Augmentation Using Ergonomix Model Implants
Authors: Kul Zekeriya
Published: February 2025

This study presents a geometric formula to optimize the location of the Inframammary Fold (IMF) and incision site in breast augmentation with Ergonomix model implants. Traditional volumetric planning can lead to complications, including poor implant positioning and visible scars. By applying a semicircular arc length formula, 30 patients undergoing primary breast augmentation were evaluated between 2018 and 2021. Results showed accurate IMF and incision placement for 29 patients, achieving the desired 45% upper pole and 55% lower pole ratio. The proposed method simplifies surgical planning, improves outcomes, and enhances long-term stability, offering a practical, effective alternative to subjective techniques.
Synchronous Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Oropharyngeal Carcinoma: Diagnosis And Management In A 45-Year-Old Patient
Authors:   Radiation Oncology Department, Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi, Iasi, Romania, Răzniceanu Mara , Calancea Ioana-Maria ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi, Iasi, Romania, Buzemurgă Monica ,   Radiation Oncology Department, Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi, Iasi, Romania
Published: February 2025

The occurrence of multiple primary cancers in patients is common. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) may be associated with a second head and neck primary malignancy (HNSPM), which worsens prognosis. We describe here the case of a 54-year-old male with ESCC presenting as a tumor in the middle third of the thoracic esophagus, accompanied by progressive dysphagia and significant weight loss. A subsequent PET-CT revealed an oropharingeal mass that was confirmed by videofibroscopy and biopsy as a base of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Staging for both tumors after complete evaluation was as following: oropharyngeal tumor cT3N3bM0 and esophageal tumor cT4aN0M0. Treatment included neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel, in combination with 54 Gy radiotherapy targeting the esophageal tumor. Post-treatment imaging demonstrated regression of the esophageal tumor, but there was no clinical or imaging response of the oropharyngeal tumor. Definitive radiotherapy with concurrent Cetuximab was initiated for the oropharyngeal SCC, but due to skin toxicity (grade 3 radioepithelitis), the treatment needed interruption for a week. Follow-up CT imaging revealed a favorable response of the oropharyngeal tumor. Prospective studies are needed to identify the optimal treatment for synchronous cancers, and the multidisciplinary team (MDT) plays an important role to decide the adapted approach for these patients.
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy, “Microbeam” Boost, “Overtreatment”, and “Limited Life Expectancy”: Flawed Terminology in an Increasingly Precise Field of Prostate Cancer
Authors:   Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
2 William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA, Sodji Quaovi H. , Roach III Mack ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
Corresponding author
Published: February 2025

Technological advancements have firmly established radiation therapy as a cornerstone of cancer treatment. This is particularly true for prostate cancer, where radiation therapy is often employed with curative intent. These innovations have given rise to terminologies that have sparked debates and differing opinions. In this context, we explore some of these terms and address the challenges they present. Finally, we propose clarifications that we believe can guide these debates toward more constructive and meaningful discussions.