bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR DOS DADOS PLUVIOMÉTRICOS E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE RISCO À ENCHENTE, INUNDAÇÃO E ALAGAMENTO NA CIDADE DE CAPINÓPOLIS/MG
Authors: Costa Húrbio Rodrigues de Oliveira , Pedro Miyazaki Leda Correia
Published: May 2016

O Córrego do Capim é um dos principais cursos d’água que passa pelo trecho urbano da cidade de Capinópolis/MG e encontra-se bastante modificado pelo processo de ocupação em suas margens. Atualmente o córrego apresenta um estado de degradação ambiental bastante preocupante, pois tanto o leito menor, quanto o leito maior do trecho urbano estão ocupados por residências que abrigam várias famílias. A ocupação da planície de inundação, associada a impermeabilização das áreas de topo e vertentes do relevo provocou uma alteração na dinâmica natural de infiltração e escoamento do curso d’água, já que grande parte das águas pluviais não infiltram mais, o que contribui para o aumento do escoamento superficial concentrado. Dessa forma, objetivo principal deste estudo foi identificar e descrever os principais pontos de ocorrência de enchentes e inundações atrelados ao Córrego do Capim na cidade de Capinópolis-MG, além da caracterização das áreas de risco, pois devido ao processo de ocupação inadequada, da planície de inundação, passou a provocar impactos socioambientais que estão atingindo a população que vivem nas margens do córrego, além disso, buscou-se destacar por meio dos dados de pluviosidade e histórico de ocupação, relacionar os eventos ocorridos nas últimas décadas. Dessa maneira, utilizou-se como procedimentos metodológicos: a) levantamento bibliográfico sobre a temática pesquisada em bibliotecas e sites; b) trabalhos de campo para identificação das áreas de risco à enchentes e inundações e os principais impactos identificados; c) análise dos dados de pluviosidade de 1984 à 2014, dados adquiridos no site do INMET. Assim, como resultado parcial da pesquisa foi possível identificar que o fundo de vale, onde se encontra o córrego estudado, apresenta uma concentração de moradias que ocupam quase toda planície de inundação do trecho urbano, interferindo na dinâmica natural de escoamento do córrego, já que o mesmo possui muitas áreas impermeabilizadas, o que contribui para o aumento do escoamento superficial e consequente instalação de erosões, solapamento das margens do curso d’ água, assoreamento, despejo de esgoto clandestino e de resíduos sólidos.
FORMAÇÃO DA FRENTE DE EXPANSÃO, FRENTE PIONEIRA E FRONTEIRA AGRÍCOLA NO OESTE DA BAHIA
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Crisliane Aparecida , Sano Edson Eyji
Published: May 2016

A Frente de Expansão é tratada como sendo o primeiro momento de ocupação do espaço, enquanto que a Frente Pioneira constitui o ambiente oposto ao das regiões antigas, tradicionais e esvaziadas de população. A Fronteira Agrícola pode ser entendida como uma área potencial para expansão das ocupações agropecuárias, acompanhada por sucessivas aplicações de capital e tecnologia. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a formação da fronteira mediante a unificação da Frente de Expansão, Frente Pioneira e a Fronteira Agrícola como forma de explicação do processo de ocupação do Oeste da Bahia. Os resultados apontaram que a baixa densidade populacional em 1985 revelou um vazio demográfico existente na época e que as mudanças do perfil de produção, tanto das lavouras agrícolas quanto da atividade pecuária, são reflexos dos investimentos em capital e tecnologia no campo. Além do que, observou-se uma falta de uniformidade no grau de modernização entre as distintas microrregiões, como também entre os municípios de cada microrregião.
Polyploidy Induction of Moth Orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume) by Colchicine Treatment on Pollinated Flowers
Authors: Azmi T.K.K. , Sukma D. , Aziz S.A. , Syukur M.
Published: May 2016

The effectiveness of colchicine treatment at inducing polyploidy in Phalaenopsis amabilis (2n=2x=38) was investigated. Colchicine was applied on P. amabilis pollinated flowers and the development of the pods (fruit) was examined. Colchicine concentration in the experiment were 0, 50, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg L-1, with three and five days duration. The result showed that higher colchicine concentration decreased pod length and pod number. Visual screening of the seedlings obtained from colchicines treatments were classified into normal seedlings (NS), i.e. those having similar morphology to control, and putative polyploidy mutant seedlings (PMS). All colchicine-treated PMS were significantly different compared to control in the basal organ of the protocorm (BOP) length and width, leaf length, and root length and diameter. The PMS chromosome number analysis revealed that 50 mg L-1 for three or five days colchicine application and 500 mg L-1 for five days colchicine application produced 60 and 100% tetraploid mutant seedlings, respectively.
Effects of Climate on Chicken Production in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Olanrewaju R.M. , Tilakasiri S.L. , Adeleke E.A.
Published: May 2016

This paper explores the role which climate plays on the severity of diseases and seasonal mortality rate of chicken in the guinea savanna ecological zone of Kwara State, Nigeria. Data on climate and mortality rate of chicken collected over a period of 23 years (1991-2013) were partitioned according to characteristics weather types. Correlation and simple regression methods were used to analyse the data. The results of the analyses showed that weather types of each season affect outbreak of various diseases and mortality rate differently. In the dry season weather types outbreak of Newcastle and Gumboro diseases prevailed mostly during harmattan when mortality rate of chicken exhibited a strong positive relationship of 0.711 with rainfall and a strong negative relationship of 0.604 with maximum temperature. The last two months of dry season (March-April) witnessed the reverse of the above but with Newcastle disease and heat stress plaguing chicken production. The most prevalent chicken disease of rainy season in the study area is Coccidiosis. During the first weather type of wet season (two months before August break) mortality rate of chicken exhibited a strong positive relationship of 0.861 and 0.845 before August break, 0.775 and 0.894 during August break with both rain fall and relative humidity. However the relationship was negative with both maximum and minimum temperatures. Suggestions are made on how to manage both major weather types and poultry operation for efficient poultry farm development in the tropics.
Toxicity Bioassay of some Essential Oil Vapour on Various Life Stages of Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Tasnin M. Shahrima , Khalequzzaman M.
Published: May 2016

A comparative efficacy of five essential oils (EOs) of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), and Jasmine (Jasminum spp.) was assessed against two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae. The mites were reared under laboratory conditions and oils were procured from market. Fumigation experiment was done in a glass jar making it airtight. The mortality of mites was recorded after 48 hours of treatment. The result showed that the most potent fumigant was cardamom with highest LC50 values 180.57nlcm-3, 199.45 nlcm-3 and 395.36 nlcm-3 for protonymph, deutonymph and adult respectively. Jasmine (354.05 nlcm-3), cinnamon (659.13nlcm-3) and eucalyptus (1033.7 nlcm-3) were least effective oils for protonymh, deutonymph and adult stages accordingly. All the oils used in the current study have a variable degree of toxicity on different stages of TSSM life cycle. In case of all tested oils, protonymph showed 50% mortality at lower doses(range of value was 180.57 to 354.05 nlcm-3) but adult needed two to three fold higher doses (range of value was 395.36 to 1033.7 nlcm-3) than protonymh. The result has revealed that, all these oils have great potentiality to be used as an acaricide in pests control program.
Welcome to Ozone Therapy
Authors: Franzini Marianno
Published: May 2016

I’m proud and excited to announce the launch of the brand new journal Ozone Therapy, dedicated to the ozone-therapy practitioners worldwide...
Oxygen-ozone therapy: paradoxical stimulation of ozone
Authors: Valdenassi Luigi , Franzini Marianno , Simonetti Vincenzo , Ricevuti Giovanni
Published: May 2016

After several years of scientific research and accurate clinical practice, the oxygen-ozone therapy continues to represent a method full of prospects and new opportunities. On this basis we present an updated review on basic mechanisms through which the ozone acts. Ozone, a molecule notable for its heterodoxy and atypicalness, has been regarded with suspicious for a long time since it was a possible generator of free radicals and correlated pathologies, but it is important distinguishing between the oxidative damage from free radicals, characterized by irreversible chemical modifications of the molecular target, and the physiological effects from free radicals (redox signaling), characterized on the other hand, by reversible chemical and selective alterations, which are potentially suitable to become an active part in the various metabolic regulation mechanisms, with positive effects on several pathologies.
Irrepressible pain treatment in a subject treated with posterior vertebral arthrodesis for a chest lumbar idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Chierchia Marianna , Baiano Carolina , Romeo Alfredo , Ronca Dante
Published: May 2016

We present a case of a 56-year old woman with chest lumbar idiopathic scoliosis treated with an oxygen-ozone therapy cycle (10-μg paravertebral and 3-μg subcutaneous infiltrations) for irrepressible pain, as a consequence of a vertebral posterior arthrosis surgery.
Oxygen-ozone therapy effects on PaO2 value in a diabetic patient suffering from chronic peripheral obliterative arteriopathy
Authors: Rosato Maria Laura , Schiaffino Luca , Luongo Margherita , Mascolo Luigi , Mattera Silvana , Mainini Marco
Published: May 2016

We define chronic occlusive arterial disease of the extremities (COAD) as the aging process of the arterial vessel wall, characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Patients suffering from COAD often refer induced pain exercise. Previous studies described benefic effects of oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) therapy in treatment of COAD. We describe a case of a 69-year old man, suffering from COAD, treated with O2-O3 therapy. The aim of our report was to evaluate not only the effects of the oxygen-ozone therapy on the patient, but also the influence of this method on the arterial partial pressure of oxygen value.
The Centennial of a Landmark Case in Obstetric and Gynecologic Law and Ethics: Retelling the Story of Schloendorff vs New York Hospital
Authors: McCullough Laurence B , Chervenak Frank A , Chervenak Judith
Published: May 2016

This paper honors the centennial of a case, Schloendorff vs Society of New York Hospital, that became a landmark in the history of consent for clinical care. For a century, Schloendorff has been understood as a case of surgery done without consent on an anesthetized patient when a pelvic mass was discovered. We honor the centennial of this case by retelling the story of what actually was a case that illustrates the clinical ethical errors that occur when physicians fail to communicate with each other and with their patient. To retell this story, we review the original medical and surgical records, letters of key participants in the case, and the trial-court record. Contrary to what is commonly thought, Ms Schloendorff actually lost her legal case and, indeed, her surgery might not have been performed at all, had her clinicians known, communicated, documented, and reaffirmed what the patient actually wanted. This new perspective on Schloendorff is important for obstetric and gynecologic care, because it vividly documents the perils of the medical errors of implicit consent, delegating the obtaining of consent, and miscommunication among clinicians. In the context of Schloendorff, the modern culture of patient safety and quality that has come to define excellent obstetric and gynecologic care, including ultrasound, should be understood as a powerful preventive to the clinical ethical perils of miscommunication that reduce the quality of patient care and unnecessarily compromise professional obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound.

How to cite this article

Chervenak J, McCullough LB, Chervenak FA. The Centennial of a Landmark Case in Obstetric and Gynecologic Law and Ethics: Retelling the Story of Schloendorff vs New York Hospital. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):3-8.
Benefits and Limitations with Ultrasound Imaging in the First Trimester
Authors: Rayburn William F , Izquierdo Luis A
Published: May 2016

Widespread use of home pregnancy tests and the availability of first trimester genetic screening many ultrasound imaging studies being performed before 14 weeks gestation. While these scans are believed to be safe, the additional time and expense has led to questioning about its value unless indicated by vaginal bleeding, persistent nausea, potential teratogen exposure, medical complications associated with early reproductive loss or an congenital anomalies, repetitive early pregnancy loss, or desire for genetic testing. A scan at or beyond 7 weeks allows for confirmation of viability and accuracy of gestational dating by crown rump measurement. The observation of either a subchorionic hematoma or an abnormal configuration of the uterine cavity alerts the provider to the greater risk of a spontaneous abortion, placental abruption, preterm delivery, or fetal growth restriction. Gestational trophoblastic disease can be diagnosed earlier with subsequent performance of an ultrasound-directed suction curettage before morbid conditions worsen. Certain congenital anomalies can be diagnosed as early as the 11 to 14th week. Multifetal gestations can be diagnosed early with chorionicity determined between the 6th and 12th week. Nearly all maternal adnexal masses are small and require no follow-up imaging by the 15th week unless large (> 5 cm), complex, or discomfort ensues. Experience of the sonographer, resolution capabilities of the imaging machinery, maternal obesity, and fetal positioning limit interpretation capabilities. Technological refinements with three-dimensional (3D) imaging and higher definition resolution hold promise for improved accuracy in anatomic and blood flow studies.

How to cite this article

Rayburn WF, Izquierdo LA. Benefits and Limitations with Ultrasound Imaging in the First Trimester. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):9-13.
Obstetric Ultrasound: Balancing Recommendations with Expectations
Authors: Bartholomew Marguerite Lisa
Published: May 2016

Obstetric ultrasound is unlike any other form of medical imaging. The expectations of the provider performing the ultrasound are dramatically different from those of the woman receiving the ultrasound. Ultrasound providers are often put into situations where the practice of medicine is superseded by expectations of a pregnant woman and her family who see themselves as consumers of ‘medictainment’ rather than patients. Women come to obstetric ultrasound with the primary expectation to hear the simple news that their baby is normal and most wish to know the fetal sex as a secondary piece of information. They would also like to have information ahead of time about what to expect from an ultrasound examination experience. Ultrasound physicians are charged with the task of identifying something wrong, providing a definitive diagnosis, and communicating it in a balanced and relatively unemotional manner, while at the same time being beneficent and respectful of patient autonomy. Patients may not want to find out that something is wrong, but when there is, they want direct, compassionate communication, and a plan of action.

How to cite this article

Bartholomew ML. Obstetric Ultrasound: Balancing Recommendations with Expectations. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):14-22.
Fetal Ultrasound as a Window into Maternal Health
Authors: Yamasato Kelly , Burlingame Janet
Published: May 2016

Healthcare providers commonly use obstetric ultrasound to assess fetal well-being. However, the potential for fetal findings to manifest maternal disease is often underappreciated. This article will review the relationships between obstetric ultrasound findings and underlying maternal medical conditions in three settings: (1) fetal growth abnormalities related to underlying maternal disease, (2) congenital malformations secondary to diabetes and maternal exposure to chemical and infectious teratogens, and (3) congenital heart block due to maternal autoimmune disease. The obstetric ultrasound should be a tool used for the care and evaluation of the maternal as well as the fetal patient.

How to cite this article

Yamasato K, Burlingame J. Fetal Ultrasound as a Window into Maternal Health. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):37-41.
Just Images: Gynecology
Authors: Lum Jennifer , Hiraoka Mark
Published: May 2016

Diagnostic ultrasound is the primary imaging modality utilized to detect abnormalities of the female reproductive tract. The following cases represent some of the interesting cases imaged at our institution.

Objectives

Interpret ultrasound images of the female reproductive tract. Assimilate the interpretation of sonographic images into a differential diagnosis. Correlate sonographic imaging with clinical outcomes.

How to cite this article

Lum J, Hiraoka M. Just Images: Gynecology. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):42-49.
Placental Blood Flow by Three-dimensional Doppler Ultrasound
Authors: Zalud Ivica
Published: May 2016

This review aims to provide the reader with an overview of the potential clinical applications in three-dimensional (3D) Doppler ultrasound for the evaluation of vascularity and blood flow within the placenta. Significant innovations have recently occurred, improving the visualization and evaluation of placental vascularity, resulting from enhancements in delineation of tissue detail through electronic compounding and harmonics, as well as enhancements in signal processing of frequencyand/ or amplitude-based color Doppler ultrasound. Spatial representation of vascularity can be improved by utilizing 3D processing. Greater sensitivity of 3D Doppler ultrasound to macro- and microvascular flow has provided improved anatomical and physiologic assessment throughout pregnancy. The rapid development of these new sonographic techniques will continue to enlarge the scope of clinical applications in placental studies. Three-dimensional Doppler sonography is a unique ultrasound technique that enables assessment of vascular signals within the whole investigated area. Homodynamic changes included in the process of placentation are one of the most exciting topics in the investigation of early human development.

How to cite this article

Zalud I. Placental Blood Flow by Threedimensional Doppler Ultrasound. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):55-62.
Antenatal Detection of Fetal Syndromes by Ultrasound: From a Single Piece to a Complete Puzzle
Authors: Pooh Ritsuko K , Barisic Lara Spalldi , Delic Taib
Published: May 2016

There are hundreds of known fetal syndromes and their variant yet, the real occurrence for most of them is not quite known, only estimated. The real incidence is probably much higher, but many of them are lost due to natural selection early, in the first few weeks of existence. Novel technology, enables us also to exchange information and improve the team's cumulative knowledge. Detection of dysmorphic features and recognizable patterns of fetal malformations and diagnosing syndromes is still big challenge in prenatal as well as postnatal period.

How to cite this article

Barisic LS, Kurjak A, Pooh RK, Delic T, Stanojevic M, Porovic S. Antenatal Detection of Fetal Syndromes by Ultrasound: From a Single Piece to a Complete Puzzle. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):63-77.
Assessment of Tubal Patency with Tridimensional Coded Contrast Imaging Hysterosalpingo-Contrast- Sonography Compared with Conventional HyCoSy: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Alcázar Juan Luis , Manuela Moya , Maria Caparros , Aina Salas , Tania Errasti , Alvaro Ruiz-Zambrana
Published: May 2016

Objective

The aim of this preliminary study is to analyze and compare tridimensional coded contrast imaging hysterosalpingocontrast- sonography (3D-CCI HyCoSy) with conventional hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HyCoSy) with saline serum for the evaluation of tubal patency in women with sterility.

Materials and methods

This was a prospective preliminary observational study performed in the Clinica Universidad de Navarra. Intending to compare 3D-CCI HyCoSy with conventional HyCoSy, we decided and perform conventional HyCoSy between 1st of January 2015 and 15th of February 2015 and 3D-CCI HyCoSy between 16th of February and 15th of April 2015, in different sets of patients. Exclusion criteria were: recent vaginal infection, previous pelvic inflammatory disease, previous salpingectomy or hidrosalpinx diagnosed previously or while performing the ultrasound examination.

Results

Total number of cases was 22 (12 women underwent conventional HyCoSy and 10 a 3D-CCI HyCoSy). The mean age of patients was 33.8 years (SD: 3.2 range: 23–40 years). Three cases (100%) of Fallopian tube obstruction were detected by 3D-CCI HyCoSy and confirmed by laparoscopic tubal chromopertubation (LTC). Four of the six cases (67%) of obstruction detected by conventional HyCoSy were confirmed by hysterosalpingography/LTC (HSG/LTC). Two cases of severe post-procedure pain were reported in women who underwent conventional HyCoSy.

Conclusion

The results of the study show that 3D-CCI HyCoSy was better to visualize the entire Fallopian tube and evaluate its patency

How to cite this article

Alcázar JL, Moya M, Caparros M, Salas A, Errasti T, Ruiz-Zambrana A. Assessment of Tubal Patency with Tridimensional Coded Contrast Imaging Hysterosalpingo-Contrast-Sonography Compared with Conventional HyCoSy: A Preliminary Study. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):103-106.
Obstetric Ultrasound Challenge
Authors: Broady Autumn , Taylor Sherri K
Published: May 2016

Obstetric ultrasound is the primary modality for detecting fetal anomalies that affect antepartum care of the mother and care of the neonate after delivery. The following cases represent the challenging cases imaged in our Fetal Diagnostic Center.

Objectives

Determine the fetal anomaly. Understand the workup for the associated fetal anomaly

How to cite this article

Broady A, Taylor SK. Obstetric Ultrasound Challenge. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):107-110.
Clinical Experience with Osteosynthesis of Subcondylar Fractures of the Mandible using Delta Plate
Authors: Kokal Shailesh Nareshkumar , Ahuja Suraj Arjun , Kokal Nareshkumar T , Baonerkar Haemant A
Published: May 2016

Mandibular condyle fractures are one of the most frequent injuries of the facial skeleton. The option for open treatment of mandibular condyle fractures has become more favorable since osteosynthesis materials were developed in the past few decades. However, the rigid fixation techniques of treating condyle fractures remain one of the controversial issues in maxillofacial trauma. Several techniques and plate types such as adaption miniplates, minidynamic compression plates, resorbable plates, and double plates have been evaluated biomechanically in various experimental and clinical studies. The present case report is to evaluate the clinical use of indigenously developed titanium delta-shaped miniplate in open reduction and internal fixation of subcondylar fracture.

How to cite this article

Kokal SN, Ahuja SA, Kokal NT, Baonerkar HA. Clinical Experience with Osteosynthesis of Subcondylar Fractures of the Mandible using Delta Plate. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):63-66.
Osteosarcoma of Mandible
Authors: Bhatt Shikha Satish
Published: May 2016

Osteosarcomas (OS) are malignant neoplasms of the bone that commonly affect the long bones with rare presentation in jaws. Osteosarcomas of jaws represent about 6 to 8% of all OS, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 1.5 million persons per year. Although the exact cause of OS is still unknown, defects in the retinoblastoma (RB) and p53 genes play an important role in the process. It is characterized histologically by anaplastic stroma with direct osteoid production. Here, we report a case of OS in a 30-year-old female, who came with a massive bony swelling in the right mandibular region.

How to cite this article

Bhatt SS, Patel S, Pathak J, Swain N. Osteosarcoma of Mandible. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):70-74.
Parameterising Cloud Condensation Nuclei concentrations during HOPE
Authors: Hande Luke B. , Engler Christa , Hoose Corinna , Tegen Ina
Published: May 2016

Abstract. An aerosol model was used to simulate the generation and transportation of aerosols over Germany during the HD(CP)2 Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) field campaign of 2013. The aerosol number concentrations and size distributions were evaluated against observations, which shows satisfactory agreement in the magnitude and temporal variability of the main aerosol contributors to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations. From the modelled aerosol number concentrations, number concentrations of CCN were calculated as a function of vertical velocity using a comprehensive aerosol activation scheme which takes into account the influence of aerosol chemical and physical properties on CCN formation. There is a large amount of spatial variability in aerosol concentrations, however the resulting CCN concentrations vary significantly less over the domain. Temporal variability is large in both aerosols and CCN. A parameterisation of the CCN number concentrations is developed for use in models. The technique involves defining a number of best fit functions to capture the dependence of CCN on vertical velocity at different pressure levels. In this way, aerosol chemical and physical properties as well as thermodynamic conditions are taken into account in the new CCN parameterisation. A comparison between the parameterisation and the CCN estimates from the model data shows excellent agreement. This parameterisation may be used in other regions and time periods with a similar aerosol load, and furthermore, this technique demonstrated here may be employed in regions dominated by different aerosol species.
From Memorising to Visualising: The Effect of Using Visualisation Strategies to Improve Students’ Spelling Skills
Authors: Nahari Amnah Ahmad , Alfadda Hind Abdulaziz
Published: May 2016

Spelling is an essential literacy skill and an important language component that can have a significant effect on L2 students’ future education and occupational status. However, many students struggle to master this skill, and most L2 teachers are limited to traditional approaches when teaching spelling. Therefore, this study aims to investigate both the effect of using visualisation strategies to improve the L2 students’ spelling skills and student’s attitudes towards the use of those strategies. I adopted an experimental approach, whereby the experimental group was trained to use visualisation strategies to study the spelling of new words, while the control group received no special tuition and was required to study the spelling of new words using the methods they normally use. The sample for the study consisted of 42 female sixth graders from Al-Manahej Private Elementary School in Riyadh; they were divided into two groups: 21 students in the experimental group and 21 students in the control group. In order to collect data and achieve the goal of the study, three tools were used: pre-achievement and post-achievement tests to measure the differences between the experimental and control groups’ scores. The students undertook five weekly tests to measure the effectiveness of the visualisation strategies to improve their spelling skills, and a social validity questionnaire to assess their attitudes towards the strategies. The findings were anticipated to promote the use of visualisation strategies in the field of education, to encourage curriculum designers, decision makers, and language teachers to employ them when teaching spelling.
The Revenue Impact of VAT in Madhya Pradesh: Empirical Evidence from India
Authors: Pant Abhay
Published: May 2016

Taxation is an important tool of fiscal policy which fills the revenue needs of the government. The introduction of different forms of tax worldwide has rekindled the research in the domain of public finance. The introduction of Value Added Tax has attracted a lot of research in the recent past. The comprehensive review of indirect taxation particularly VAT reveals that Value Added Tax had been mostly studied at national level. While the Value Added Tax has been implemented at both national and sub national level, worldwide research on sub national level is limited. This paper fills this void and tries to examine the revenue impact of Value Added Tax in Indian context particularly for the state of Madhya Pradesh. Using regression technique on data collected for Madhya Pradesh public finances, we try to examine the revenue performance of Value Added Tax in Madhya Pradesh. Madhya Pradesh implemented Value Added Tax in April 2006. Our analysis shows that not only Value Added Tax has performed better than the sales tax which it replaced, but also it has been successful in contributing to MP’s own revenue performance.
Profitability and Institutional Constraints to the Adoption of Fertilizer Microdosing in Northwest Benin
Authors: Bachmann Erika , Natcher David , Kulshreshtha Suren , Baco Mohamed Nasser , Akponikpe P. B. I. , Peak Derek
Published: May 2016

Various agricultural techniques have been developed as components of food security interventions, but their effectiveness in addressing food insecurity in part depends upon the effectiveness of these techniques in fulfilling farmers’ objectives. This paper presents the results of research that examined the constraints that limit the adoption of microdosing by farmers in northwest Benin. The results of farmer field trials indicate that on average, microdosing produced lower yields and proved less profitable than recommended levels. In addition to reduced profitability, numerous institutional constraints were identified that further limit adoption. These constraints include poorly functioning input markets, inefficient distribution systems, limited affordability and credit constraints, liquidity constraints, and government policies that limit cross-border access to inputs as well as the prioritization of fertilizer for cotton production over food crops.
Image database indexing: Emotional impact assessing
Authors: Gbèhounou Syntyche
Published: May 2016

The goal of my PhD was to propose an efficient approach for emotional impact recognition based on CBIR techniques (descriptors, image representation). The main idea relies in classifying images according to their emotion which can be "Negative", "Neutral" or "Positive". Emotion is related to the image content and also to the personal feelings. To achieve our goal we firstly need a correct assessed image database. Our first contribution is about this aspect. We proposed a set of 350 diversifed images rated by people around the world. Added to our choice to use CBIR methods, we studied the impact of visual saliency for the subjective evaluations and interest region segmentation for classification. The results are really interesting and prove that the CBIR methods are useful for emotion recognition. The chosen desciptors are complementary and their performance is consistent on the database we have built and on IAPS, reference database for the analysis of the image emotional impact.
Integrated Registration, Segmentation, and Interpolation for 3D/4D Sparse Data
Authors: Paiement Adeline
Published: May 2016

We address the problem of object modelling from 3D and 4D sparse data acquired as different sequences which are misaligned with respect to each other. Such data may result from various imaging modalities and can therefore present very diverse spatial configurations and appearances. We focus on medical tomographic data, made up of sets of 2D slices having arbitrary positions and orientations, and which may have different gains and contrasts even within the same dataset. The analysis of such tomographic data is essential for establishing a diagnosis or planning surgery.Modelling from sparse and misaligned data requires solving the three inherently related problems of registration, segmentation, and interpolation. We propose a new method to integrate these stages in a level set framework. Registration is particularly challenging by the limited number of intersections present in a sparse dataset, and interpolation has to handle images that may have very different appearances. Hence, registration and interpolation exploit segmentation information, rather than pixel intensities, for increased robustness and accuracy. We achieve this by first introducing a new level set scheme based on the interpolation of the level set function by radial basis functions. This new scheme can inherently handle sparse data, and is more numerically stable and robust to noise than the classical level set. We also present a new registration algorithm based on the level set method, which is robust to local minima and can handle sparse data that have only a limited number of intersections. Then, we integrate these two methods into the same level set framework.The proposed method is validated quantitatively and subjectively on artificial data and MRI and CT scans. It is compared against a state-of-the-art, sequential method comprising traditional mutual information based registration, image interpolation, and 3D or 4D segmentation of the registered and interpolated volume. In our experiments, the proposed framework yields similar segmentation results to the sequential approach, but provides a more robust and accurate registration and interpolation. In particular, the registration is more robust to limited intersections in the data and to local minima. The interpolation is more satisfactory in cases of large gaps, due to the method taking into account the global shape of the object, and it recovers better topologies at the extremities of the shapes where the objects disappear from the image slices. As a result, the complete integrated framework provides more satisfactory shape reconstructions than the sequential approach.
DROP: A Data Reduction and Organization Paradigm and its Application in Image Analysis
Authors: Saito Priscila T. M.
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we deal with the problem of the annotation process in image analysis. This problem refers to the trade-off, wherein the human knowledge is indispensable for the success of the process and human's time and effort are precious resources. Can the human annotate a minimum number of images and the classifier label the remaining ones with high accuracy? Active learning techniques have been investigated to answer this question. However, these techniques very often ignore the need for interactive response times during the active learning process. They usually adopt a common paradigm which is impractical considering large datasets. We propose an effective and efficient Data Reduction and Organization Paradigm for image analysis. In our paradigm, the proposed active learning methods should be able to reduce and/or organize the large dataset such that sample selection does not require to reprocess it entirely at each learning iteration. Moreover, it can be interrupted as soon as a desired number of samples from the reduced and organized dataset is identified. These methods show an increasing progress, first with data reduction only, and then with subsequent organization of the reduced dataset. Experimental results have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed paradigm using datasets from distinct applications and baseline approaches.
Generalized Stacked Sequential Learning
Authors: Puertas Eloi
Published: May 2016

In many supervised learning problems, it is assumed that data is independent and identically distributed. This assumption does not hold true in many real cases, where a neighboring pair of examples and their labels exhibit some kind of relationship. Sequential learning algorithms take benefit of these relationships in order to improve generalization. In the literature, there are different approaches that try to capture and exploit this correlation by means of different methodologies. In this thesis we focus on meta-learning strategies and, in particular, the stacked sequential learning (SSL) framework.The main contribution of this thesis is to generalize the SSL highlighting the key role of how to model theneighborhood interactions. We propose an effective and efficient way of capturing and exploiting sequentialcorrelations that take into account long-range interactions. We tested our method on several tasks: text lineclassification, image pixel classification, multi-class classification problems and human pose segmentation.Results on these tasks clearly show that our approach outperforms the standard stacked sequential learning as well as off-the-shelf graphical models such conditional random fields.
Modeling the environment with egocentric vision systems
Authors: Rituerto Alejandro
Published: May 2016

More and more intelligent systems, such as robots or wearable systems, are present in our everyday life. This kind of systems interact with the environment so they need suitable models of their surrounding. Depending on the tasks that they have to perform, the information required in those models changes: fromhighly detailed 3D models for autonomous navigation systems, to semantic models including important information for the user. These models are created using the sensory data provided by the system (Fig. 1). Cameras are an important sensor included in most intelligent systems thanks to their small size, cheap prices and the great amount of information that they provide. This thesis studies and develops new methods to create models of the environment with different levels of precision and semantic information. There are two coomon key-points in the subsequent presented approaches:- The use of egocentric vision systems. All the vision systems and image sequences used in this thesis characterize for a first-person (egocentric) point of view.- The use of omnidirectional vision. This kind of vision systems provide much more information that conventional cameras thanks to their wide field of view.This thesis studies how computer vision can be used to create different models of the environment. To test our proposals, different cameras have been used, both in robotic and wearable platforms.
A Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization with Affine Transformation Approach for Cloud Free Multi-Temporal Image Registration
Authors: RM Swarna Priya , S Prabu , V.S Dharun
Published: May 2016

An image registration is the major part of the image categorization and cluster formation in multi temporal image processing. The images are affected by the different factors such as cloud shadow, water level, building shadows etc. In this paper, an enhanced registration process and the cloud removal technique is proposed for image enhancement. The Daemons, Combined Registration and Segmentation (CRS) approach, Markov Random Field (MRF) approach and Mutual Information (MI) based approaches results in more computational complexity, minimum edge preservation measure (QAB/F) and Mutual Information in image registration. In order to maximize the quality of edge preservation measure and MI with minimum computational time, this paper proposes Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based affine transformation technique. The proposed techniques measure and compare the computation time against the number of pixels of an image with the existing methods of CRS and MRF for the number of images. The comparative analysis of QAB/F and MI with the traditional methods of Clock Point –Least Square (CP-LS) and the Multi-Focus Image Fusion (MFIF) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is presented to confirm the effective performance. The simulation results of the proposed transformation for registration process confirms the effective image registration in the multi-temporal image processing.
A Survey on Human Emotion Recognition Approaches, Databases and Applications
Authors: Vinola C. , Vimaladevi K.
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the various emotion classification and recognition systems which implement methods aiming at improving Human Machine Interaction. The modalities and approaches used for affect detection vary and contribute to accuracy and efficacy in detecting emotions of human beings. This paper discovers them in a comparison and descriptive manner. Various applications that use the methodologies in different contexts to address the challenges in real time are discussed. This survey also describes the databases that can be used as standard data sets in the process of emotion identification. Thus an integrated discussion of methods, databases used and applications pertaining to the emerging field of Affective Computing (AC) is done and surveyed.This paper presents the various emotion classification and recognition systems which implement methods aiming at improving Human Machine Interaction. The modalities and approaches used for affect detection vary and contribute to accuracy and efficacy in detecting emotions of human beings. This paper discovers them in a comparison and descriptive manner. Various applications that use the methodologies in different contexts to address the challenges in real time are discussed. This survey also describes the databases that can be used as standard data sets in the process of emotion identification. Thus an integrated discussion of methods, databases used and applications pertaining to the emerging field of Affective Computing (AC) is done and surveyed.
Edge-aware wedgelet estimation for depth maps compression
Authors: Sebai Dorsaf , Chaieb Faten , Ghorbel Faouzi
Published: May 2016

In recent years, Multi-view Video plus Depth (MVD) compression has received much attention thanks to its relevance to free viewpoint applications needs. An efficient compression, that causes the least distortion without excessive rate and complexity increase, becomes a must particularly for depth maps. These latter can be compressed efficiently by the 3D extension of High Efficiency Video Coding (3D-HEVC), which has explored wedgelets. Such functions lead to significant Rate-Distortion tradeoffs. However, they require a very large computational complexity involved by the exhaustive search used for the estimation of the wedgelet subdivision line. In this paper, we propose a rapid localization of this latter using an edge detection approach. The experimental results show that the proposed approach allows an important gain in terms of encoding delay, while providing better depth maps and synthesized views quality compared to the exhaustive search approach.
Musikkens betydning på en større gård i mellemkrigstiden
Authors: Koudal Jens Henrik
Published: May 2016

The meaning of music at a large farm during the inter-war periodThis article investigates music as culture from a historical, ethno-musicological perspective. Jens Henrik Koudal bases his work on the preserved music collection and large private archives of Christian Olsen (1881–1968), who was born and spent most of his life on the farm Torpelund in Zealand, Denmark. From Olsen’s collection, it is possible to make a historical reconstruction of the  rich musical life that took place on the farm, and the purpose of the article is to examine what the musical activities meant to the Olsen family’s social and cultural identity; i.e., both their self-conceptualisation and their marking of identity towards their surroundings. The article’s method is rooted in a ‘broad’ concept of culture, along with Christopher Small’s concept ‘musicking’ and new musicology’s tendency to focus on the practice of music-making rather than on ‘great’ composers and books of music. Torpelund is compared to similar settings in England (e.g., East Suffolk around 1900, according to Carole Pegg) and Western concert halls (around 1980, according to Christopher Small).During the inter-war period, the Olsen family gathered together a circle of diverse people, including relatives, friends, business connections and other musicians, who all participated in the  “musicking” as equals. Their repertoire consisted of classical and  romantic art music from c. 1780–1890, plus the family’s old folk-dancing music (arranged by members of the family). In its  own opinion, the circle’s music-making was a ‘higher’ kind of music that established clear distinctions towards lower social classes, towards other races (e.g., blacks with their ragtime and jazz) and towards modern music (e.g., art music and popular music). Specific to Torpelund are three concepts, which also characterise the social and cultural identity of the Olsen family: conservatism, privacy and exclusivity. The musical practices of the Olsens at Torpelund indicate that, during the inter-war period, the family represented a particular amalgamation of the peasant family, the part of the country (northwestern Zealand) and an international, middle-class education.
At designe danskhed: Forestillinger om nationen på danske pengesedler
Authors: Sørensen Anders Ravn
Published: May 2016

To design Danishness: performances of the nation on Danish banknotes   In this article, I analyse four different banknote-design competitions that were hosted by Denmark’s National Bank (Nationalbanken) between 1908 and 2007. The proposals for new banknotes have evoked different narratives about the national community, and I describe how these proposals were characterised by two opposing trends: one style alluded to a romantic national narrative by using ancient relics, barrows and classical landscapes to highlight a common history of origin; the other included more popular and commonplace motifs, such as foodstuff, industry and leisure activities. Historically, Nationalbanken has struggled to balance these different trends while preserving the notes’ legitimacy, and it has endeavoured to make the notes reflect contemporary Danish values. However, as the design processes unfolded over 100 years, the bank’s governors seemed to reconsider such ideas and, despite being given different suggestions, they have always chosen the most conservative iconography. I suggest that decision-makers within the bank have been reluctant to innovate banknote designs and make the notes reflect contemporary values, out of fear that such motives might jeopardise the trustworthiness of Danish paper currency. In maintaining this attitude, Nationalbanken has ultimately reinforced a romanticist narrative about the Danish nation.
Mindeord: Bjarne Stoklund 1928-2013
Authors: Københavns Universitet De ansatte ved afdeling for etnologi,
Published: May 2016

Obituary: Bjarne Stoklund 1928-2013
Købmanden, skipperne og hollandsfarten. Varer fra Holland til Jylland i 1700-tallet
Authors: Guldberg Mette
Published: May 2016

Holland var i 1600- og 1700-tallet et nordeuropæisk centrum for handelen med varer fra de oversøiske kolonier, og mange jyske købmænd fik varer direkte fra Holland via havnene på den sydvestjyske kyst. Toldregnskaberne fra 1700-tallet er en glimrende kilde til visse aspekter af denne handel, mens andre spørgsmål lades åbne. Her kan man i stedet hente hjælp i de sjældne personlige beretninger, der findes fra tiden. En af dem er den østjyske købmand Rasmus Toxens optegnelser, som i denne artikel tages som udgangspunkt for en skildring af kontakten mellem den jyske provins og et af verdenshandelens centre.