bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Severe Proclination and Crowding Using Mini-Screw Anchorage: An IBO Case Report
Authors: Jain Abhishek
Published: April 2022

This case report was presented at the Indian Board of Orthodontics examination under category I in September 2021. It demonstrates fixed orthodontic treatment of a 13-year-old female presenting with Angle’s Class I malocclusion on Class I skeletal base with an average growth pattern. This was complicated by a 7 mm overjet with proclination and crowding of the upper and lower labial segments. She also presented a reduced overbite and a centerline discrepancy of 1.5 mm. Lips were protruded and incompetent at rest with decreased nasolabial angle. Treatment involved extraction of all first premolars followed by fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy with preadjusted edgewise appliance (0.022 × 0.028” slot with MBT–McLaughlin Bennett and Trevisi prescription). Anchorage reinforcement in the upper arch was provided with mini-screw implants.
What are the common areas of risk and their characteristics found in intermediate care from an occupational therapy perspective? A scoping review
Authors: Newman Craig , Whitehead Phillip , Thomson Mary
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Engaging with risk is a certain and unavoidable part of occupational therapy. Intermediate care services are mostly accessed by older people with complex needs, yet little is known in the literature about the extent, type and nature of risk involved in these services.

Method

A scoping review was systematically conducted to map the common areas of risk (risk domains) from an occupational therapy perspective. Thematic analysis was conducted in order to identify the risk characteristics related to the literature reviewed.

Results

25 journal articles were identified and arranged into 10 risk domains: Falls, discharge, practice errors, activities of daily living, pressure care, frailty management, patient handling, loneliness, nutritional care and language barriers. Three risk characteristics were identified: (1) Risk awareness and identifying risk, (2) decision-making under risk and (3) improving safety.

Conclusion

Occupational therapists play a diverse role in migrating risk for older people which is not fully explored beyond addressing deficits in functional ability and hazardous environments. The process of how risk is controlled and reconciled with occupation and how positive risk-taking is facilitated are implicit and not directly addressed within the literature reviewed. The findings reveal gaps in knowledge and provide a foundation for further research.
Prognostic value of high FOXO3a expression in patients with solid tumors: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Chao , Tu Xiaohong , Jiang Yufen , Jiao Panpan , Deng Xiaohong , Xie Yuancai , Zhang Long
Published: April 2022

Background

FOXO3a (previously termed FKHRL1), plays an evolutionarily conserved role in the control of biological process, including DNA damage, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. However, the role of FOXO3a in tumors remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of FOXO3a expression in patients with solid tumors.

Methods

A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Eligible publications on FOXO3a and cancer prognosis were collected and screened according to the eligibility criteria. The combined odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prognostic value of FOXO3a. Stata 12.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 4058 patients from 21 articles on a variety of solid tumors were included. Meta-analysis showed that the increased FOXO3a expression level was associated with longer overall survival (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.46–0.85). The pooled ORs indicated high expression level of FOXO3a in tumors was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.30–0.71), TNM stage (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.25–0.54), tumor differentiation (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26–0.80), distant metastasis (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.32–0.61), and age (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.08–1.51). However, we did not observe a significant correlation between the high expression of FOXO3a and sex or tumor size.

Conclusions

The high expression level of FOXO3a was associated with better clinical outcomes in solid tumors. FOXO3a may therefore serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and a promising molecular target.
Reaction to fire of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinylchloride under reduced oxygen concentrations in a controlled-atmospherecone calorimeter
Authors: Chatenet Sarah , Authier Olivier , Bourbigot Serge , Fontaine Gaëlle
Published: April 2022

Electrical cable sheaths are the most abundant fire load in nuclear power plants, mainly in rooms that are kept in under slight pressure. This configuration leads fires to grow in under-ventilated and vitiated conditions. Assessing fire threat involves characterizing the heat released, responsible for fire growth, and the smoke evolved, which may interact with sensitive components in the area. For that purpose, a revisited controlled-atmosphere cone calorimeter has been designed, set up, and coupled to a Fourier transformed infrared spectrometer and an electrical low-pressure impactor to measure simultaneously the evolved gases and aerosols, respectively. This bench-scale apparatus has been first qualified with polymethylmethacrylate. It has second been used to characterize polyvinylchloride cable sheath representative material reaction to fire in under-ventilated and vitiated conditions. It appeared that vitiation in under-ventilated fires lowers the heat release rate and the fuel mass loss rate.
Is there a g-factor of genderedness? Using a continuous measure of genderedness to assess sex differences in personality, values, cognitive ability, school grades, and educational track
Authors: Ilmarinen Ville-Juhani , Vainikainen Mari-Pauliina , Lönnqvist Jan-Erik
Published: April 2022

Some of the most persistently recurring research questions concern sex differences. Despite much progress, limited research has thus far been undertaken to investigate whether there is one general construct of genderedness that runs through various domains of human individuality. In order to determine whether being gender typical in one way goes together with being gender typical also in other ways, we investigated whether 16-year-old Finnish girls and boys ( N = 4106) differ in their personality, values, cognitive abilities, academic achievement, and educational track. To do this, we updated the prediction-focused gender diagnosticity approach by methods of cross-validation for more accurate estimation. The preregistered analysis shows that sex differences vary across domains ( Ds = 0.15–1.48), that fine-grained measures, such as grade profiles, can be accurate in predicting sex (77.5%), whereas some summary indices, such as general cognitive ability, do not perform above-chance (52.4%), and that the genderedness correlations, despite all being positive, are too weak (average partial correlation, r´ = .09, range .03–.34) to support a general factor of genderedness. Our more exploratory analyses show that more focus on gender typicality could offer important insights into the role of gender in shaping people’s lives.
Implementation of a Pharmacist-Led, Multidisciplinary Naloxone Patient Education Program at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Sze Jennifer , Chan Tsz , Dalpoas Stacy , Kiruthi Catherine , Harris Che Matthew , Gundareddy Venkat , Parker Marlena S , Jacob Elsen
Published: April 2022

Background: Opioid related overdoses are a leading cause of death in the United States (U.S). National, state and local initiatives have been implemented to combat the opioid crisis. However, there is a paucity of initiatives that examine the role of comprehensive naloxone education interventions for hospitalized patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to design a multidisciplinary, pharmacist-driven, standardized, patient and product tailored, inpatient naloxone education program (NEP) at a U.S. academic medical center, targeting patients at high risk of opioid overdose, and to examine patients’ retention of education. Methods: This prospective pilot study targeted hospitalized patients who were considered at high-risk for opioid overdose once discharged. Using daily screening methods and established inclusion criteria, we evaluated the impact of implementing a patient-tailored NEP. The primary outcome measures were patient knowledge and awareness of naloxone use. A paired t-test analysis was conducted to assess for improvement in patient naloxone awareness and knowledge. Results: Of ninety-five patients screened, forty-four patients met inclusion criteria and nineteen patients completed naloxone education along with pre- and post-assessments. Patients more accurately completed the assessment, indicating enhanced knowledge about naloxone use and administration, following the naloxone education (4.68 ± .13 vs 3.42 ± .31 out of 5 questions, mean ± SEM; P = .0016). Conclusion: This study found a positive impact on patient knowledge of naloxone use and administration following implementation of a robust and comprehensive NEP.
A new start-up law of pump turbines with misaligned guide vane devices
Authors: Yang Biao , Zhao Lin , Zhao Wei , Qin Yankui , Wang Renwei , Liu Changyu
Published: April 2022

The frequency of high head pump turbines easily fluctuates under the low head no-load condition, which makes it difficult to achieve the synchronous grid connection. In this study, a new start-up strategy of linkage between misaligned guide vane (MGV) devices and conventional guide vanes is proposed, and the optimal arrangement scheme of MGV devices is selected through experiments. Based on the characteristic method, improved Suter transform and the characteristics of MGV devices, the calculation model of transition process is established. The simulated rotational speed of emergency shutdown process fits well with the field measured data. Under start-up conditions, the newly proposed control law can effectively reduce the fluctuation amplitude of frequency, draft tube inlet pressure and volute inlet pressure, and shorten the synchronization time. Additionally, the newly proposed law can significantly improve the no-load stability of the pump turbine under different head conditions, especially low head conditions.
New-onset lupus nephritis associated with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kazzi Brigitte , Fine Derek , Geetha Duvuru , Chung Melody , Monroy-Trujillo Manny , Timlin Homa
Published: April 2022

A dysregulated immune response plays a critical role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Environmental factors such as viruses, including coronavirus 2 (COVID-19), have been described to play a role in SLE presentation and exacerbation. These viruses trigger a host’s humoral and cellular immunities typically essential in elimination of the viral infection. We present a case of a Hispanic male who developed new-onset lupus nephritis class II after a COVID-19 infection.
Preparation and properties of 4-aminobenzoic acid-modified polyvinyl chloride/titanium dioxide and PVC/TiO2 based nanocomposites membranes
Authors: Ahmad Nafees , Mahmood Tariq
Published: April 2022

In this work, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and 4-aminobenzoic acid (4ABA) modified PVC and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending method. TiO2 was added to PVC (0.5 g) at 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1 g. PVC matrix was modified using 4-aminobenzoic acid (4ABA). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the modification of PVC with 4ABA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images depicted homogeneous morphology of modified PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites. XRD results confirmed the formation of PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites. Moreover, the thermal decomposition temperature T10 (10 Wt. % weight loss) of non-modified PVC was 189°C however, modified PVC nanocomposites membranes had 196°C with similar TiO2 content. Furthermore, modified PVC-TiO2 with 0.05 g loading showed homogenous morphology with higher hydrophilicity as determined by porosity, solvent content, and shrinkage ratio. Modified PVC/TiO2 membrane with a lower contact angle (32°) could be used for water purification purposes. These studies suggest that optimum modifier concentration improved the interaction between PVC and TiO2.
The Super-vision of Autoethnographic Dissertation Studies: Transformative Stories of the Supervisor and the Supervised Revealed
Authors: Tisdell Elizabeth J. , Whalen Gina C. , Johnson Mira
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper is to explore the super-vision of dissertations, from the perspective of the supervisor and two supervisees who did dissertations that had an evocative autoethnographic component. We argue that autoethnography in context of scholarly writing encourages both an inner looking, and an outward looking that results in a super-vision, that is the result of the relationship between the supervisor and the supervisee, which evokes further insights, analysis, and reflexive stories.
The Relationship Between Health Literacy and Quality of Life, Attitudes and Perceptions of Covid-19 and Vaccination Among Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Correa-Rodríguez María , Rueda-Medina Blanca , Callejas-Rubio José-Luis , Ríos-Fernández Raquel , de la Hera-Fernández Javier , Ortego-Centeno Norberto
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to evaluate health literacy in patients ( n=395) with systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD) and analyze their relationships with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), attitudes and beliefs about Covid-19 and vaccination, and perceptions of changes in medical care during the pandemic. This study was cross-sectional and the majority (81%) of particpants resided in Spain. An anonymous online survey was distributed to an online SAD association. Health literacy was measured using the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16) and the SF-36 tool was used to assess HRQoL. More than half of patients (57.7%) have inadequate health literacy and the mean health literacy level was 9.63(5.66). Patients with inadequate health literacy levels presented the lowest HRQoL scores in all SF-36 domains ( p < .001). Health literacy scores were positively correlated with all SF-36 domains ( p < .001). The reservations to get vaccinated against Covid-19 were linked to health literacy level ( p = 0.024). There are high levels of inadequate health literacy among patients with SAD and it is associated with worse HRQoL and risk attitudes about Covid-19 vaccination and medical care during the pandemic.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Breathing Exercises via Telemedicine in Post-Covid-19 Patients: Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Okan Fatih , Okan Sevil , Duran Yücesoy Fadime
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of breathing exercises given by telemedicine in post-Covid-19 dyspneic individuals. Individuals in the intervention group ( n: 26) were asked to perform breathing exercise three times a day for 5 weeks (one session performed via telemedicine each week). Individuals in the control group ( n: 26) were given a brochure explaining the exercises. The St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, Pulmonary function tests, and six-minute-walk-tests were administered to all individuals at the beginning and end of the study. The posttest FEV1, FVC, MVV values were significantly higher than the pretest values in the intervention group (p2 < .001) whereas no significant differences were found in the control group. Six-minute-walk-distance increased by 54.27 m in the intervention group and 4.69 m in the control group. With breathing exercise training applied through telemedicine, improvements were observed in the pulmonary functions, quality of life, and exercise capacities of dyspneic post-Covid-19 individuals.
Multiaxial high-cycle fatigue failure and life prediction based on critical plane method
Authors: Wang Yang , Sun Guo-Qin , Liu Jinfeng , Liu Xiaodong , Shang Deguang
Published: April 2022

Multiaxial high-cycle fatigue failure criterion and life prediction is important for structural components under complex low stress. A new multiaxial high-cycle fatigue damage parameter based on the plane of maximum shear stress is proposed, which includes the maximum shear stress amplitude, normal stress amplitude and maximum equivalent normal stress. The maximum equivalent normal stress is defined in the form of SWT stress function considering the influence of mean stress. The feasibility of the proposed failure criterion and life prediction model is verified by test data of different materials. The predicted results show that the life prediction error of the proposed fatigue model is basically within three times by comparing with McDiarmid, Matake, Crossland and Papadopoulos fatigue models.
The spatial distribution and migration of three typical fungicides in postharvest satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) fruit
Authors: Yang Yajie , Mao Linchun , Zhu Yingjie , Yu Jingxuan , Luo Zisheng , Lin Xingyu
Published: April 2022

Fungicides are often used to extend the storage time of postharvest satsuma mandarin fruit. In recent years, fungicide residue has become an issue of food safety. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and migration of three typical fungicides (imazalil, prochloraz, thiophanate-methyl) in postharvest satsuma mandarins using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Three fungicides could quickly penetrate satsuma mandarins and their gradient concentrations of residues in the fruit were: carpopodium > mesocarp > epicarp > pulp. However, the residues of three fungicides in the edible pulp were obviously lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL = 5.0 mg/kg in China). Residues of the three fungicides decreased in epicarp and carpopodium but increased in mesocarp and pulp during storage. Fungicides could quickly penetrate the fruit, settling primarily in the carpopodium but little in the pulp. Both epicarp and carpopodium were the breakthrough pathways for the fungicides entering the fruit, while epicarp was the main route for the penetration of fungicides. These findings shed new information on the behavior of fungicides and the safety issue of satsuma mandarins.
Effects of teriflunomide treatment on cognitive performance and brain volume in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: Post hoc analysis of the TEMSO core and extension studies
Authors: Sprenger Till , Kappos Ludwig , Sormani Maria Pia , Miller Aaron E , Poole Elizabeth M , Cavalier Steven , Wuerfel Jens
Published: April 2022

Background:

In post hoc analyses of Teriflunomide Multiple Sclerosis Oral study (TEMSO; NCT00134563), teriflunomide 14 mg significantly reduced brain volume loss (BVL) versus placebo in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective:

In this post hoc analysis of TEMSO and its long-term extension (NCT00803049), we examined the relationship between teriflunomide’s effects on BVL and cognition.

Methods:

We analyzed data from 709 patients who received teriflunomide 14 mg in TEMSO or its extension. The change in cognitive performance, assessed using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test 3 (PASAT-3), was measured in subgroups stratified by BVL over 2 years (least BVL: ⩽ 0.52%; intermediate BVL: >0.52%–2.18%; most BVL: >2.18%). BVL, MRI lesions, and relapses over 2 years were evaluated as potential mediators of the effect of teriflunomide on cognition.

Results:

Teriflunomide 14 mg significantly improved PASAT-3 Z-scores versus placebo through year 2. In the least- and intermediate-BVL groups, significant improvements in PASAT-3 Z-score were demonstrated versus the most-BVL group over 3 years in the extension. According to the mediation analysis, 44% of the teriflunomide effect on cognition was due to effects on BVL at year 2.

Conclusion:

Teriflunomide improves cognition largely through its effects on BVL. Accelerated BVL earlier in the disease course may predict cognitive outcomes.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:

NCT00134563, NCT00803049
“I hate that education is a business”: Influence of occupational socialization on sport pedagogy doctoral students’ intended PETE programs
Authors: Brunsdon Jamie Jacob , Curtner-Smith Matthew
Published: April 2022

Research on sport pedagogy doctoral students’ (DSs’) occupational socialization should improve understanding of their beliefs and espoused practices regarding physical education teacher education (PETE), how these beliefs and espoused practices were shaped, and facilitate improvements in graduate education. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to describe the influence of occupational socialization on the PETE programs sport pedagogy DSs intended to deliver once they began life as faculty members in universities and colleges. The specific research questions we sought to answer were as follows: (a) How did DSs intend to conduct PETE? and (b) How had DSs’ views and beliefs regarding PETE been shaped by their occupational socialization? Participants were eight DSs located at four American universities. Data were collected with four interpretive techniques (formal and informal interviews, documents and artifacts, and a written outline of an ideal PETE program) and analyzed using analytic induction and constant comparison. DSs had conservative, liberal, and eclectic beliefs regarding PETE. They favored using elements from the behaviorist, traditional/craft, and critical-inquiry orientations to teacher education. The forces that shaped the DSs’ views and beliefs were mostly similar to those described in previous research, although there were some new and nuanced findings. The study indicates the need for DSs to explore their own views regarding physical education and PETE and the forces that shaped their perspectives.
Locating cultural studies: The limits of translation in knowledge production
Authors: Mohan Sriram , Parameswaran Radhika , Rao Pallavi
Published: April 2022

This article reflects on translation practices engendered by location, disciplinary constraints, and Western hegemonies in the work of cultural studies scholars from the Global South. Focusing on issues of translation beyond language and text, the article tackles cultural translation practices at the levels of theory and analysis, which scholars engage in to render their research legible within academic contexts that continue to pay lip service to stretching the canons of cultural studies curricula and intellectual agendas. How does the labor of cultural translation – often unremarked and invisible – shape the scope and possibilities of cultural studies research that addresses media and technology in the Global South? The article goes behind the frontstage of visible knowledge production to critically examine the directionality and discursive power of specific mechanisms of cultural translation – bridge concept, analogy, and metaphor – which are grounded in historical and geopolitical conditions that constrain the transformational goals of de-Westernizing cultural studies.
Book review: Pramono, S. and Suzuki, Y. 2021: Growth of Islamic Banking in Indonesia: Theory and Practice
Authors: Gungen Ali Riza
Published: April 2022

Pramono, S. and Suzuki, Y. 2021: Growth of Islamic Banking in Indonesia: Theory and Practice. Routledge Islamic Business and Finance Series. London and New York: Routledge. xvi + 128 pp. £120.00 (cloth), £33.29 (ebook). ISBN: 9780367219475 (cloth), 9780429268946 (ebook).
Transient simulation of cavitation evolution process in a diesel engine injector
Authors: Yu Minghao , Qiu Zeyang , Lv Bo , Wang Rui , Liu Kai
Published: April 2022

In this study, a method for simulating the whole transient process of the cavitation evolution in a diesel injector was proposed. Diesel is taken as the fuel. The basic characteristics of partial, local, and super cavitation phenomena inside the injector were reproduced and discussed at different time steps. On the basis of movement features of the injector needle, Firstly, the moving process of the diesel injection such as the upward, suspension, and downward movements were simulated under different injector geometric parameters. The time-dependent movement process of the injector needle were controlled by a user-defined program developed by ourselves. Thereafter, a dynamic grid system and a two-phase flow cavitation numerical model were constructed and adopted to numerically reproduce the two-phase flow and the cavitation inside the injector. It was found that the volume fraction of the gas diesel during the partial cavitation is greater than that during the super-cavitation. The faster the needle valve opens, the earlier super-cavitation forms, but the gas volume fraction of diesel decreases faster in the injection orifice. Increasing the drain orifice diameter is helpful for earlier formation of the super-cavitation.
Reference values for external and internal training intensity monitoring in professional male soccer players: A systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Rafael , Martins Alexandre , Moreno-Villanueva Adrián , P. Brito João , Nalha Matilde , Rico-González Markel , Clemente Filipe Manuel
Published: April 2022

One of the possibilities for organising different studies and providing some reference values or benchmarks is to summarise all information. Such a possibility could help coaches and practitioners identify typical values based on specific conditions and eventually use benchmark values to compare players against The current systematic review was carried out to identify and summarise studies that have examined external and internal training intensity monitoring and to provide references values for the main measures in professional male soccer players. A systematic review of EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From the 2404 studies initially identified, 25 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analysed. From these, the following range intervals by overall team were found: session rated perceived exertion (s-RPE) = 26–936 AU, total distance = 2143–9540 m and distance >14 km/h = 410–1884 m, distance >18 km/h = 7–541 m, distance >24 km/h = 1–190 m, acceleration number >3 m.s−2 = 9–195, deceleration number >-3 m.s−2 = 10–157 and player load = 310–774 AU. Additionally, range intervals for player positions and a match-day minus approach were provided. This study provided reference values of professional male players for the main internal and external intensity measures. Altogether, they can be used by coaches, their staff, or practitioners to achieve desired competitive levels. They can replicate such values or even increase the numbers presented in training sessions.
‘Damn all White Men and Down with Labor’: Race and Genre in Wilkie Collins & Charles Fechter's Black and White
Authors: Gooch Joshua
Published: April 2022

This essay examines Wilkie Collins’s theatrical collaborations with actor-stage manager Charles Albert Fechter from 1867 to 1869, paying particular attention to the ways in which Fechter and Collins focused on questions of race and empire. By historicising their 1869 play Black and White in light of the Morant Bay uprising and its discursive appearances in Britain, the essay argues that Collins and Fechter aimed to reinvent the race melodrama using the model of the imperial melodrama. The failure of this ambivalent play, which presents a critique of racial domination for its all-but-white protagonist alongside racist minstrelsy comedy, affected Collins’s subsequent presentation of racialised characters in his work.
Mucosal healing and quality of life in therapeutic goals of ulcerative colitis: occurrence and related factors of functional bowel disorder-like symptoms
Authors: Lin Lihui , Wang Tianqi , Lu Yaming , Chen Peng , Zhang Yingfan , Zu Xiaoman , Chen Baili , Mao Ren , Feng Rui , Cui Yi , Zhang Shenghong , He Yao
Published: April 2022

Background:

Mucosal healing (MH) is considered the preferred therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis (UC). Impaired quality of life (QoL), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms, and functional bowel symptoms have been reported in several inactive patients with UC. This study aims to assess the occurrence of functional bowel disorders (FBD)-like symptoms and QoL in UC patients with MH, and to explore the factors related to FBD-like symptoms.

Methods:

UC patients with MH (Mayo endoscopic score, MES = 0 or 1) were required to complete the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire, the 32-item version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32), the 36-item short form healthy survey questionnaire (SF-36), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). UC patients who did not achieve MH (MES > 1) completed the IBDQ-32, the SF-36, and the HADS. Community-dwelling healthy controls (HCs) completed the SF-36 and the HADS.

Results:

Among the 119 UC patients with MH recruited, 45.4% reported functional bowel symptoms; functional constipation-like symptom (13.4%) was the most prevalent, followed by IBS-like symptom (10.9%), and functional diarrhea-like symptom (10.0%). The IBDQ-32 and SF-36 scores were significantly lower in MH patients with FBD-like symptoms than in those without FBD-like symptoms. Disease duration [odds ratio (OR): 1.022; p < 0.001], body mass index (BMI; OR: 0.726; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of FBD-like symptoms in UC patients with MH. Combining these two factors could attain area under the curve [0.786; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.701–0.856, p < 0.001] to predict FBD-like symptoms in MH patients.

Conclusion:

A number of UC patients with MH had accompanying FBD-like symptoms and significantly impaired QoL. Disease duration, BMI could predict the occurrence of FBD-like symptoms.
Antireflux mucosal intervention (ARMI) procedures for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yeh Jen-Hao , Lee Ching-Tai , Hsu Min-Hung , Lin Chi-Wen , Hsiao Po-Jen , Chen Chien-Lin , Wang Wen-Lun
Published: April 2022

Background:

Endoscopic treatments are increasingly being offered for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Three procedures have similar concepts and techniques: antireflux mucosectomy (ARMS), antireflux mucosal ablation (ARMA), and antireflux band ligation (ARBL); we have collectively termed them antireflux mucosal intervention (ARMI). Here, we systematically reviewed the clinical outcomes and technical aspects.

Methods:

The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to October 2021. The primary outcome was the clinical success rate. The secondary outcomes were acid exposure time, DeMeester score, need for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), endoscopic findings, and adverse events.

Results:

Fifteen studies were included. The pooled clinical success rate was 73.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 69%–78%) overall, 68.6% (95% CI = 62.2%–74.4%) with ARMS, 86.7% (95% CI = 78.7%–91.9%) with ARMA, and 76.5% (95% CI = 65%–85.1%) with ARBL. ARMI resulted in significantly improved acid exposure time, DeMeester score, and degree of hiatal hernia. Furthermore, 10% of patients had dysphagia requiring endoscopic dilatation after ARMS or ARMA, and ARMS was associated with a 2.2% perforation rate. By contrast, no bleeding, perforation, or severe dysphagia was noted with ARBL. Severe hiatal hernia (Hill grade III) may predict treatment failure with ARMA.

Conclusions:

The three ARMI procedures were efficacious and safe for PPI-refractory GERD. ARMA and ARBL may be preferred over ARMS because of fewer adverse events and similar efficacy. Further studies are necessary to determine the optimal technique and patient selection.
School Nurses on the Front Lines of Health Care: Clinical Presentations Associated With COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Tucker Jacqueline , Schlueter Derika , Olympia Robert P.
Published: April 2022

Over the past 2 years, COVID-19 has swept through the United States and our world, infecting millions of people. Due to the high transmissibility of this communicable disease, school-age children are at a unique risk because of close contact with others throughout the day. Many children who contract COVID-19 will go on to have asymptomatic or mild noncomplicated symptomatic infections. However, some children will develop severe or persistent symptoms. Given the unique position of school nurses in seeing a large volume of children and adolescents, it is important that they are familiar with the variable presentations and complications of COVID-19. Throughout this article, we discuss three cases of students presenting to the school nurse’s office with signs and symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection.
Application of microneedle patches for drug delivery; doorstep to novel therapies
Authors: Nazary Abrbekoh Fateme , Salimi Leila , Saghati Sepideh , Amini Hassan , Fathi Karkan Sonia , Moharamzadeh Keyvan , Sokullu Emel , Rahbarghazi Reza
Published: April 2022

In the past decade, microneedle-based drug delivery systems showed promising approaches to become suitable and alternative for hypodermic injections and can control agent delivery without side effects compared to conventional approaches. Despite these advantages, the procedure of microfabrication is facing some difficulties. For instance, drug loading method, stability of drugs, and retention time are subjects of debate. Besides, the application of novel refining fabrication methods, types of materials, and instruments are other issues that need further attention. Herein, we tried to summarize recent achievements in controllable drug delivery systems (microneedle patches) in vitro and in vivo settings. In addition, we discussed the influence of delivered drugs on the cellular mechanism and immunization molecular signaling pathways through the intradermal delivery route. Understanding the putative efficiency of microneedle patches in human medicine can help us develop and design sophisticated therapeutic modalities.
Covering the Home Nation at Its Home Games: An Analysis of Australian Nationalistic Broadcast Coverage of the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Authors: Scott Olan , Li Bo (Norman)
Published: April 2022

This study explored how nationalism unfolded within the Australian broadcast of the 2018 Commonwealth Games that were held on the Gold Coast, Australia. Applying social-categorization theory, over 31 hours of the total coverage was content analyzed for name mentions, description of success or failure, and personality and physicality of the athletes. Results of this study underscore large differences in the amount of commentary that was provided to Australians and non-Australians during the broadcasts, with Australians being mentioned more than non-Australian athletes. As Australia performed well at the Commonwealth Games, Australians featured highly on both the top most-mentioned athletes list and the overall percentage of name mentions also favored Australians. The Seven Network emphasized Australian athletes to its viewers, as Australian viewers would share many of the group characteristics with athletes who were featured on television. This study contributes to the literature by uncovering how in-group members were portrayed in the Australian sports context while also providing insight into how consumers’ media consumption could potentially affect how the network broadcasts the Commonwealth Games from a nationally partisan perspective.
The Importance of Lumbar Curve Flexibility and Apical Vertebral Rotation for the Prediction of Spontaneous Lumbar Curve Correction in Selective Thoracic Fusion for Lenke Type 1 and 2 C Curves: Retrospective Cohort Study with a Mean Follow-Up of More than 10 years
Authors: Kaya Ozcan , Kara Deniz , Gok Halil , Kahraman Sinan , Sanlı Tunay , Karadereler Selhan , Enercan Meric , Hamzaoglu Azmi
Published: April 2022

Study Design

Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected data.

Objective

Lumbar flexibility(LF) is generally defined with preoperative side bending films;it is not clear what percentage of LF predicts the spontaneous lumbar curve correction (SLCC) at long term follow up. Aim of this study was to find out cut-off value of preoperative LF,apical vertebra rotation(AVR) and apical vertebral translation(AVT);which may predict more than 50%SLCC.

Methods

Patients with Lenke 1C&2C curves,treated with posterior STF,with a minimum 10 years follow up were included.The patients who had more than 50% SLCC(Group A) or less than 50% (Group B) were compared in terms of LF,AVR and AVT to understand a cut-off value of those parameters.Statistically, Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) test was used.

Results

Fifty five AIS patients (54F, 1M) with mean age 14 (11-17) were included to study.Thoracic curve correction rate was 75%;lumbar curve correction rate was 59% at the latest follow up.Group A included 45(82%) patients at the latest follow up.Three patients (5%) showed coronal decompensation at early postop and 2 of them became compensated at f/up.ROC analyses showed 69% flexibility as the cut-off value for SLCC ( P < .01).The difference between groups in terms of preop mean AVRs was significant ( P = .029) (Group A = 1.9; Group B = 2.4).

Conclusion

In Lenke 1C&2C curves,whenever LF on the preoperative bending x-ray is greater than 70% ( P < .01)and AVR is equal or less than grade 2,STF provides satisfactory clinical and radiological SLCC with more than mean 10 years f/up.This flexibility rate and apical vertebral rotation can be helpful in decision making for successful STF.
De-politicising and re-politicising transport infrastructure futures
Authors: Legacy Crystal
Published: April 2022

The planning for future transport and its infrastructure is deeply political. Yet, how we understand re-politicisation, and what those efforts tell us about what is political in the planning for future cities, remains under explored. One lens through which to explore these acts is to consider the role of urban coalitions in drawing attention to the dominant politics of planning and setting the ground for the re-politicisation of transport infrastructure futures. Drawing on the work of post-foundational scholars Mouffe and Rancière, this paper examines the interplay between de-politicisation and re-politicisation and how two urban coalitions negotiated this landscape in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area during a sustained period of contestation surrounding the proposal of new transport infrastructure. Through this analysis, this paper draws on in-depth interviews with coalition members, transport planners, politicians and engaged citizens to illustrate how these urban coalitions produced a ‘collective will’ and a struggle towards a ‘consensus cure’ in their re-politicising actions. This paper reveals how coalition-led re-politicisation establishes the grounds for the politics to shift on contested future transport proposals and offers insight into the incremental and oftentimes incomplete ways re-politicisation nurtures transformational change.
Outcomes in Rural and Urban Settings for Students With Disabilities
Authors: MacSuga-Gage Ashley S. , Kaplan Rachel , Batton Brittany , Ellis Kaci , Gage Nicholas A.
Published: April 2022

Limited quantitative research has examined similarities and differences between the academic achievement and discipline outcomes, including suspensions, of students with disabilities in rural and urban schools. Therefore, we leveraged a statewide longitudinal data set to explore academic achievement and discipline outcomes for students with disabilities in rural schools and compared those outcomes to students with disabilities in urban schools. We then followed up with analyses to evaluate differences by disability category. The full data set of students in urban and rural schools included 1,306,134 observations from 366,529 unique students with disabilities across 11 consecutive years. We used a series of linear mixed-effects models to evaluate academic achievement for students in Grades 3 to 8 and generalized linear mixed-effects models to evaluate two discipline outcomes, in- and out-of-school suspensions. Overall, we found that students with disabilities in rural schools had lower reading scores, fewer in-school suspensions, and more out-of-school suspensions. Unique patterns across disability categories also emerged.
Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children
Authors: van Meel Evelien R. , Mensink-Bout Sara M. , den Dekker Herman T. , Ahluwalia Tarunveer S. , Annesi-Maesano Isabella , Arshad Syed Hasan , Baïz Nour , Barros Henrique , von Berg Andrea , Bisgaard Hans , Bønnelykke Klaus , Carlsson Christian J. , Casas Maribel , Chatzi Leda , Chevrier Cecile , Dalmeijer Geertje , Dezateux Carol , Duchen Karel , Eggesbø Merete , van der Ent Cornelis , Fantini Maria , Flexeder Claudia , Frey Urs , Forastiere Fransesco , Gehring Ulrike , Gori Davide , Granell Raquel , Griffiths Lucy J. , Inskip Hazel , Jerzynska Joanna , Karvonen Anne M. , Keil Thomas , Kelleher Cecily , Kogevinas Manolis , Koppen Gudrun , Kuehni Claudia E. , Lambrechts Nathalie , Lau Susanne , Lehmann Irina , Ludvigsson Johnny , Magnus Maria Christine , Mélen Erik , Mehegan John , Mommers Monique , Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie , Nystad Wenche , Pedersen Eva S.L. , Pekkanen Juha , Peltola Ville , Pike Katharine C. , Pinot de Moira Angela , Pizzi Costanza , Polanska Kinga , Popovic Maja , Porta Daniela , Roberts Graham , Santos Ana Cristina , Schultz Erica S. , Standl Marie , Sunyer Jordi , Thijs Carel , Toivonen Laura , Uphoff Eleonora , Usemann Jakob , Vafeidi Marina , Wright John , de Jongste Johan C. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Duijts Liesbeth
Published: April 2022

Background

Early-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age.

Methods

We used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75%) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4–15) years.

Results

Children with early-life lower, not upper, respiratory tract infections had a lower school-age FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75%(z-score range: −0.09 (95% CI −0.14– −0.04) to −0.30 (95% CI −0.36– −0.24)). Children with early-life lower respiratory tract infections had a higher increased risk of school-age asthma than those with upper respiratory tract infections (OR range: 2.10 (95% CI 1.98–2.22) to 6.30 (95% CI 5.64–7.04) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.18–1.32) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.47–1.65), respectively). Adjustment for preceding respiratory tract infections slightly decreased the strength of the effects. Observed associations were similar for those with and without early-life wheezing as a proxy for early-life asthma.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that early-life respiratory tract infections affect development of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later life, with the strongest effects for lower respiratory tract infections.
Interstitial lung disease incidence and mortality in the UK and the European Union: an observational study, 2001–2017
Authors: Salciccioli Justin D. , Marshall Dominic C. , Goodall Richard , Crowley Conor , Shalhoub Joseph , Patel Preya , Molyneaux Philip L.
Published: April 2022

Objective

To compare the trends in age-standardised incidence and mortality from interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in the UK and the European Union (EU).

Methods

This was an observational study using data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study on residents of the UK and of the 27 EU countries. The main outcome measures were ILD age-standardised incidence rates per 100 000 (ASIR), age-standardised death rates per 100 000 (ASDR) and mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs), which are presented for men and women separately for each country for the years 2001–2017. Trends were analysed using joinpoint regression analysis.

Results

In 2017, the median incidence of ILD was 7.22 (IQR 5.57–8.96) per 100 000 population for men and 4.34 (IQR 3.36–6.29) per 100 000 population for women. In 2017, the median ASDR attributed to ILD was 2.04 (IQR 1.13–2.71) per 100 000 population for men and 1.02 (0.68–1.37) per 100 000 population for women. There was an overall increase in ASDR during the observation period, with a median increase of +20.42% (IQR 5.44–31.40) for men and +15.44% (IQR −1.01–31.52) for women. Despite increases in mortality over the entire observation period, there were decreasing mortality trends in the majority of countries at the end of the observation period (75% for men and 86% for women).

Conclusion

Over the past two decades, there have been increases in the incidence and mortality of ILD in Europe. The most recent trends, however, demonstrate decreases in mortality from ILD in the majority of European countries for both men and women. These data support the ongoing improvements in the diagnosis and management of ILD.
Clinical response to biologicals for severe asthma: any relevance for sex in different age ranges?
Authors: Benoni Roberto , Panunzi Silvia , Batani Veronica , Moretti Francesca , Fuggini Stefano , Todesco Mattia , Senna Gianenrico , Poli Albino , Vianello Andrea , Caminati Marco
Published: April 2022

Background

Whether sex can influence the clinical response to biological treatment in patients with severe asthma has not been fully addressed.

Aims and methods

The aim of this study was to investigate in patients with severe asthma undergoing biological treatment the individual evolution of lung function measurements and patient-reported asthma control scores over a 12-month follow-up period, in relation to patients’ sex, in different age ranges. Second, the change in the administered dose of oral corticosteroids (OCS) before and after 12 months of treatment was investigated.

Results

64 patients (58% female and 42% male) with a median age of 52 years were enrolled in the study. There were no relevant differences between sexes in terms of lung function, patient-reported asthma control, exacerbation rate and daily OCS dose within the study timeframe. A separate sub-analysis by biological treatment confirmed the same finding. Stratifying individuals by age, we showed that older men had lower lung function parameter values (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted and FEV1/forced vital capacity index) than older women, whereas an opposite trend was observed in terms of Asthma Control Test score. No other relevant differences were detected after age stratification.

Conclusion

According to our findings, sex does not act as a determinant of treatment response to biologicals in people with severe asthma. Although to be confirmed in larger studies, our data suggest that neither sex nor age should limit biological treatment prescription, once the eligibility criteria for that therapy are satisfied.