bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"مقارنة انجاز بعض مقدرات صف r-(k,d) مع المقدر (PCTP)المستخدمة في تقدير انموذج الانحدار الخطي العام بوجود مشكلتي الارتباط الذاتي والتعدد الخطي في ان واحد*"
Authors: عبد الجبار زينب عبد الستار , حسين سجى محمد
Published: October 2020

في تحليل الانحدار الخطي المتعدد لفتت مشكلة التعدد الخطي والارتباط الذاتي انظار العديد من الباحثين ونظراً لظهور هذه المشكلتين معاً ولتأثيرها  السلبي على عملية التقدير فقد وجد بعض من الباحثين طرائق تقدير جديدة لمعالجة  هاتين المشكلتين معاً في نفس الوقت وفي بحثنا سنقوم بمقارنة اداء مقــــــــدر المركبات الرئيسية ذات المعلمتين  Principal Components Two Parameter  ) PCTP)  و مقـــــدر (r-k)class   و مقـــدر   r-(k,d) class  بأجراء دراسة محاكاة وتحت معيار متوسط مربعات الخطأ  (MSE)لايجاد افضل مقدر في معالجة المشكلتين معا  ولقد بينت النتائج بان مقدر r-(k,d) class  هو افضل  مقدر.
تأثير الدين العام على الاستقرار المالي في العراق
Authors: كاظم اسراء صادق , علوان غفران حاتم
Published: October 2020

واجهت الدول تحديات ارتفاع مستويات الدين العام وتسعى لتحديد حدوده المثلى للحد من المخاطر التي من الممكن ان يتعرض لها النظام المالي وانعكاسه على الاقتصاد ككل، ومن هنا تأتي اهمية البحث في دراسة تأثير مكونات الدين العام الداخلي والخارجي على مؤشرات استقرار النظام المالي  للمدة 2005-2017 لغرض معرفة مدى استجابة مؤشرات الاستقرار المالي لارتفاع مستوى الدين العام عن النسبة المثلى له اذ يتجسد هدف البحث في تقدير وتحليل العلاقة الديناميكية قصيرة وطويلة الامد بين مكونات الدين العام ومؤشرات الاستقرار المالي باستعمال انموذج الانحدار الذاتي ذو الابطاء الموزع (ARDL) التي تشترط سكون السلاسل الزمنية للمتغير التابع عند الفرق الاول، اذ اظهرت نتائج التقدير تأثر الاحتياطي الاجنبي كمؤشر للاقتصاد الكلي بارتفاع الدين الداخلي ولاسيما للاعوام (2014-2017) بعد ان توجهت الحكومة الى مصادر الدين الداخلي لتمويل عجز الموازنة اذ بلغت مساهمة الدين الداخلي في الناتج المحلي الاجمالي 49% عام 2017 بالاضافة الى مساهمة المؤسسات المالية غير المصرفية  في عملية الاقراض الداخلي بعد ان كان مسيطر عليها من قبل المصارف لغاية عام 2010، وتوصل البحث الى تأثر اجمالي رأس المال المصرفي (مؤشر القطاع المصرفي) عكسياً للدين الداخلي والخارجي في الامد القصير ويضعف تأثيرهما عليه في الامد الطويل بسبب ارتفاع كفاية رأس المال الذي يعزى الى التوظيف المتواضع لموارد المصارف، وتوصلت نتائج التقدير الى تأثر حجم تداول الاسهم (مؤشر السوق المالية) عكسياً لارتفاع الدين الداخلي في الامدين القصير والطويل نتيجة انخفاض عدد الاسهم المسجلة وتعطل تقارير الافصاح.
إمكانية تحقيق التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في العراق
Authors: مجيد عمر حميد
Published: October 2020

الغرض: يهدف البحث إلى إدخال التنمية الزراعية المستدامة وإمكانية تطبيقها في القطاع الزراعي العراقي من خلال وضع خطة مقترحة للتغلب على العقبات ومن ثم النهوض بواقع القطاع الزراعي في العراق. ولكون عملية تحقيق التنمية الزراعية في القطاع الزراعي العراقي اليوم أصبحت اكثر تعقيدا واوسع بعدا من السابق، فقد اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المستند على مبادئ النظرية الاقتصادية في توضيح القصور في عملية التناغم بين العناصر الرئيسة الثلاثة للتنمية الزراعية المستدامة وهي المحيط الطبيعي والاجتماعي والمصنوع.

النتائج: تم تحديد اهم المعوقات التي يعاني منها القطاع الزراعي في العراق، كما تم وضع خطة لتجاوز تلك العقبات وتحقيق التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في العراق، وذلك عن طريق تطبيق التكنولوجيا الزراعية الحديثة.

الاثار العملية: استعراض واقع القطاع الزراعي معززا بالبيانات الرسمية لحجم الانتاج والانتاجية وغيرها من المؤشرات المهمة، فضلا عن وضع خطة عملية مستندة على ادخال التكنولوجيا المتطورة في الزراعة.

الاصالة/ القيمة: انفردت الدراسة بعرض التنمية الزراعية المستدامة عن طريق الربط بين عناصرها الثلاث الرئيسة وهي المحيط الطبيعي والاجتماعي والمصنوع، موضحة عملية الترابط والتداخل بين هذه العناصر وانعكاسه الإيجابي على واقع القطاع الزراعي بشكل خاص والاقتصاد الوطني بشكل عام.

المصطلحات الرئيسة للبحث/ التنمية الزراعية المستدامة، التكنولوجيا الزراعية الحديثة، الإنتاج الزراعي، الموارد الطبيعية، الموارد البشرية، الإنتاج النباتي، الإنتاج الحيواني.
PENGLIBATAN WANITA SEBAGAI PENENTU DASAR DARI SUDUT PANDANG AL SIYÄSAH AL-SYARIYYAH: KAJIAN KES SEKTOR PERBANKAN ISLAM DI MALAYSIA
Authors: Hussin Syaryanti
Published: October 2020

Kerajaan Malaysia telah menggubal Dasar Wanita Negara (DWN) dan pelancaran pertamanya adalah pada tahun 1989 sehingga ke tahun 2020. Antara matlamat DWN, ialah perkongsian saksama antara wanita dan lelaki dalam memperoleh dan mengawal sumber dan peluang penyertaan serta menikmati manfaat pembangunan. Ini adalah peluang yang amat baik untuk menampilkan keupayaan wanita dalam semua sektor ekonomi negara. Kertas ini cuba menggariskan keserasian usaha ini dengan prinsip-prinsip al SiyÄsah al Syarciyyah.yang memartabatkan tadbir urus yang baik, penglibatan holistik, keperluan manusia dan kepentingan bersama. Kertas ini mengutarakan satu kajian kes yang meneliti lantikan wanita yang menganggotai lembaga pengarah bank dan badan penasihat Syariah bank di 16 buah institusi bank Islam di Malaysia dari tahun 2012 sehingga tahun 2018, suatu lantikan yang penting dan melibatkan pembuatan keputusan dalam sektor tersebut. Kajian mendapati bahawa sungguhpun tenaga kepakaran Malaysia di dalam sektor perbankan Islam telah diiktiraf di persada antarabangsa, penglibatan wanita sebagai penentu dasar dalam tempoh masih tidak mencapai sasaran minima 30%. Kertas ini mencadangkan peningkatan penglibatan wanita dalam sektor ini. Penglibatan wanita secara umum dalam penentuan dasar juga adalah selari dengan semangat al SiyÄsah al Syarciyyah untuk tadbir urus yang baik, penglibatan menyeluruh dan kelestarian pembangunan.
Implications behind the Covid 19: A Profound Structural Change Out Of Catastrophy?
Authors: Ferdi T. Güçyetmez  , Javaid Ahmad Andrabi  , Muhammad Ridwan
Published: October 2020

Robert Cox has been the most well-known, and prominent intellectual as well, by articulating the building process of historical bloc within the context of the emergence of social forces initially in the nation-state, and his attempt has culminated in the unquestionable power of transnational power in global political economy for those who has vested interest in the identity of hegemony. By the article, we present a tentative attempt in effect by such a hypothetical assumption that the power configurations of social forces, state and world order fell default in their challenge against the unprecedented Virus pandemic while the virus itself has no such configurations as material capability, idea and institutions. The Covid 19 set up its own hegemony literally. The global politics has always been exposed to independent variables not predicted even though collectively or individually measures are taken by states. In this study, we will talk about the emergence of a new hegemonic power with the Covid 19 Pandemic.
Development of Village Applicant Capacity Training Model Based on Village Information System in Village Community Empowerment Department in Langkat District
Authors: Robinson Hutagaol  , Abdul Hasan Saragih  , Sahat Siagian
Published: October 2020

This study aims to: (1) produce an Addcie model for training the capacity of village apparatus based on village information systems, which is suitable for use in training the capacity of village officials (2) to determine the effectiveness of the Addcie model for training the capacity of village officials based on the village information system. This type of research is research and development using the R & D model from Borg and Gall combined with the instructional design model from Dick and Carey. The research method consists of two stages, namely stage I developing a training learning model and conducting trials, and stage II conducting product effectiveness testing. In the development and testing stage the product must go through a series of validation and trial processes. The results showed that (1) the material expert's assessment was very good, (82.94%), (2) the learning design expert's assessment was very good (81.58%), (3) the expert assessment of the learning model was on very good criteria (94.42%), (4) the assessment of media experts is in very good criteria (85%), (5) the assessment of individual trials is in very good criteria (81.03%), (6) assessment of small group trials is also in very good criteria (90.09%), (7) the assessment of limited field trials which are in very good criteria (92.08%).
Medical Disorders of Pregnancy in Patients at Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital
Authors: Pervin Mst Shahana , Begum Mst Monowara , Rahman Jahanara
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders are the commonest complications during pregnancy responsible for maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity. The aim of the study was to determine the magnitude of percentage of disorders in admitted pregnant women. A retrospective study was done to determine the pattern of disorders during pregnancy among the admitted pregnant women National Medical Institute Hospital. This study was done during January 2017 to December 2017 at Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital.

Materials and Methods: 3276 pregnant women admitted had medical disorders (406) with 12.39% at the age of reproduction (20-35 years).

Results: The commonest disorders were hypertensive disease of pregnancy (45.32%), urinary tract infection (14.78%), gestational diabetic mellitus (10.84%), anaemia (7.39%), bronchial asthma (6.40%) respiratory infectious conditions (5.42%), viral infections (3.94%), thyroid disorder (3.45%), and cardiac disease (2.45%).

Conclusion: Hypertensive disorder is the most common medical disorder of pregnancy followed by urinary tract infection, gestational diabetic mellitus, anaemia, bronchial asthma respiratory infectious conditions, viral infections, thyroid disorder and cardiac disease in order.

Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(2): 122-125
Aikuiskasvatuksen kehityspiirteitä
Authors: Tuomisto Jukka
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan lyhyesti alan historiallista kehitystä. Toiminnan laajeneminen ilmenee mm. opiskelijamäärien kasvuna ja uusien alueiden mukaantulona. Ammatillisen aikuiskasvatuksen mukaantulo tapahtui lähinnä 1960- ja -70 -luvuilla. Samaan aikaan lisääntyi myös taide- ym. itseilmaisuaineiden opiskelu. Nykyisin aikuiskasvatukseen arvioidaan osallistuvan reilusti yli miljoona aikuista vuosittain. Päätoimisia aikuiskasvattajia on noin 6000 ja sivutoimisia noin 40 000. Aikuiskasvatus on nyt ilmeisesti sisällöllisesti saavuttanut sen laajuuden, minkä sille voidaan ajatella kuuluvan yhteiskunnan koulutusjärjestelmän osana.
Twitter Comment Predictions on Dues Changes BPJS Health In 2020
Authors: Fahlapi Riza , Rianto Yan
Published: October 2020

The Social Security Administering Body (BPJS) is a facility established by The government in providing services to citizens in The field of health welfare. The Spirit of cooperation in the utilization of health services which is very much currently a constraint in the budget is still insufficient in covering health services as a whole. For this reason, government policy is following with PERPRES No. 75 in 2019, the Government officially raised the BPJS Health contributions for 2020. The increase in BPJS Health contributions certainly caused a lot of comments. Namely Twitter, one of the social media that is used by the public to express disapproval or support for this government policy. This study, testing was carried out related to the prediction of comments from social media on community responses to the increase in BPJS Health contributions taken by the government. In the test carried out 3 (three) input algorithms. For every single algorithm including getting results through the K-NN method with an accuracy of 71.83% and AUC value of 0812, for the Naïve Bayes method produces an accuracy of 81.63% and AUC value of 0586. As for the C 4.5 method, the accuracy is 65.37% and the AUC value is 0628. While testing conducted through the Ensembles Vote method which combines the 3 algorithms above gives the best results with an accuracy of 80.10% and AUC value is 0871 for Twitter comment predictions.
Aplicação dos modelos lineares generalizados na modelagem da produção leiteira no Agreste Meridional pernambucano
Authors: Ferreira Catiane da Silva Barros , Silva Camila Ribeiro , Jesus Elielma Santana de , Santiago Edgo Jackson Pinto , Cunha Filho Moacyr , Souza Marcio Miceli Maciel de
Published: October 2020

O artigo teve o objetivo de avaliar os fatores que podem influenciar a produção de leite de vaca nos municípios que fazem parte da região do Agreste Meridional pernambucano. Inicialmente realizou-se uma análise exploratória das variáveis a fim de observar algumas medidas de posição e dispersão. Em seguida, utilizou-se a classe de Modelos Lineares Generalizados para avaliar de que forma as variáveis influenciam a produção leiteira. Como variável dependente considerou-se a produção de leite de vaca e como variáveis explicativas a precipitação ocorrida nos municípios em 2018, produção de milho, produção de palma forrageira, presença de cooperativa/associação nos municípios e quantidade de empreendimentos que participam da agricultura familiar. Os resultados encontrados evidenciaram que em 2012, ano de extrema seca, a produção média de leite sofreu uma queda de 36% na região. Além disso, verificou-se que o número de estabelecimentos que produzem leite e participam da agricultura familiar foram responsáveis por 61% da produção média de leite no Agreste Meridional. Os municípios que possuem cooperativas e/ou associações de produção de leite apresentaram produção média maior em relação aos municípios que não possuíam cooperativas e/ou associações.
Therapeutic approach for COVID-19: The power of herbal medicine
Authors: Abreu Danilo José Machado de , Barros Hanna Elisia Araújo de , Natarelli Caio Vinicius Lima , Zanzini Alice Pereira , Boas Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas , Piccoli Roberta Hilsdorf , Carvalho Elisângela Elena Nunes
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate whether medicinal plants as active ingredients of herbal, homeopathic and floral medicines marketed in Brazil, had potential use as a therapeutic strategy for prevention, treatment and cure for COVID-19. This study took into account products marketed and regulated by Brazilian legislation with claims such as: immunomodulators, antivirals and improvement of symptoms related to respiratory system deficiency, which were calculated the absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies. In addition, PubMed®, Web of Science® and SciVerse Scopus® databases were used to search the literature in order to obtain the scientific claims of plants found in the formulations of the evaluated products, taking into account the typical symptoms of COVID-19. 113 products were found, of which 65% were herbal medicines, 27% homeopathic medicines and 7% floral. There were 13 medicinal plants with an absolute frequency ≥ 5, in which scientific evidence was found regarding their medicinal use, as a complementary therapy in the treatment of symptoms related to COVID-19.
Sistemas silvipastoris no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Bento Giovana Pittarelli , Schmitt Filho Abdon Luiz , Faita Márcia Regina
Published: October 2020

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar um histórico dos avanços e da diversidade de dispersão dos Sistemas Silvipastoris no Brasil, através de informações disponíveis na literatura científica. Utilizou-se como método de pesquisa a revisão sistemática da literatura, usando a base de dados Web of Science. No total, 63 artigos foram selecionados com base em critérios de inclusão e exclusão, de uma amostragem inicial de 374. A análise dos artigos selecionados permitiu identificar 73 sistemas silvipastoris, distribuídos por todas as regiões geopolíticas brasileiras. Os sistemas foram categorizados de acordo com a região de implantação, a diversidade e os objetivos dos estudos, relacionando os componentes animais, pastagem, arbóreo, econômico e silvipastoril como sistema. Por fim, essa revisão sistemática permitiu o desenvolvimento de um mapa de evidências, demonstrando as lacunas de conhecimento sobre o tema, bem como as necessidades de avanço nos estudos.
Analysis of the introduction of scientific articles published in Brazilian journals with Qualis A2 from the administration area
Authors: Limas Magali Franciane de , Santiago Maria Carolina , Nascimento-e-Silva Daniel
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to analyze whether the structures of introductions of articles published in scientific journals with Qualis A2 in the Administration area present any logical scheme capable of being followed safely. It used the bibliometric method, with a unit of analysis the introductions of texts published in the last 2018 editions of existing journals, whose qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed and interpreted with the aid of semantic, content and comparative analysis techniques. The results showed that the introductions occupy an average of two pages, start with contextualization, justification / motivation / importance and description of the theme / object, continue with the presentation of the objectives and question-problem and end with the presentation of the structure of the article and referencing of other parts (theoretical framework, methodology and results). The conclusion shows that every introduction has initial, central and final elements. The contribution to the Administration area is to provide a safe structure for writing the introductions for these journals.
Estudo bibliométrico e análise de tendências de pesquisa em indicações geográficas
Authors: Silva Fabrício Carvalho da , Silva Wanderson Vasconcelos Rodrigues da , Silva Gislene Vieira da , Cruz Cleide Ane Barbosa da , Oliveira Laercio Ferreira , Silva-Mann Renata , Paixão Ana Eleonora Almeida
Published: October 2020

A Indicação Geográfica (IG) é o reconhecimento utilizado para indicar a origem de produto ou serviço a uma determinada região ou localidade. A proteção para produtos ou serviços, com características específicas atribuíveis ao meio geográfico, vem crescendo ao redor do mundo e as IG, constituídas como instrumento de propriedade intelectual, tornam-se cada vez mais importantes para o desenvolvimento regional e o comércio internacional. Nessa perspectiva, o presente artigo realizou estudo bibliométrico a fim de conhecer o cenário e tendências de pesquisas acerca da temática das IG em âmbito internacional, por meio do levantamento das produções científicas contidas nas bases de pesquisa Scopus e Web of Science, no período compreendido entre 2010 a 2019. Para isso, utilizou-se como método de busca de artigos as palavras-chaves “Geographical Indication” or “Indication of Provenance” or “Indication of origin”, junto aos descritores Article title, Abstract e Keywords das bases consultadas. Após refinamento e adequação dos trabalhos identificados, foram analisadas 374 publicações. Os resultados deste estudo apontam Itália, França e Brasil com as maiores ocorrências de publicações. Ciências Biológicas e Agrícolas (45%), Ciências Sociais (26%), Negócios, Gestão e Contabilidade (12%), Ciência Ambiental (9%) e Economia, Econometria e Finanças (8%) contemplam as áreas de concentração dos estudos sobre IG.  Identificou-se como clusters de produção científica redes de conteúdo relacionados à IG e seus aspectos legais, IG e diferenciação, Governança e desenvolvimento rural.
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a marker of urinary tract infection among febrile children
Authors: Moon Ji Hyun , Yoo Kee Hwan , Yim Hyung Eun
Published: October 2020

Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has emerged as a valuable biomarker of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children.Purpose: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of urinary NGAL (uNGAL) with those of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count for predicting UTI and acute pyelonephritis (APN) in febrile children.Methods: The medical charts of children undergoing uNGAL measurements between November 2017 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with a suspected or diagnosed UTIs were included. The diagnostic accuracies of uNGAL, serum CRP, and WBC count for detecting UTI and APN were investigated. Independent predictors of UTI and APN were investigated using multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: A total of 321 children were enrolled in this study. The uNGAL levels were higher in the UTI group (n=157) than in the non-UTI group (n=164) (P<0.05). Among children with a UTI, uNGAL levels were higher in the APN group (n=70) than, the non-APN group (n=87) (P<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, uNGAL was independently associated with UTI and APN (both P<0.05). Serum CRP and WBC count were not correlated with the presence of UTI and APN. Receiver operating curve analyses showed that the uNGAL level had the highest area under the curve (AUC) for predicting UTI and APN, respectively (AUC, uNGAL vs. CRP vs. WBC count, 0.860 vs. 0.608 vs. 0.669 for UTI; 0.780 vs. 0.680 vs. 0.639 for APN, all P<0.05, respectively). The predictive values and likelihood ratios of uNGAL were superior to those of serum CRP and WBC count for detecting UTI and APN at each cutoff level.Conclusion: UNGAL may be more useful than serum CRP and WBC count for identifying and assessing UTI in febrile children.
Atlantic puffin diet reflects haddock and redfish abundance in the Gulf of Maine
Authors: Depot KM , Scopel LC , Kress SW , Shannon P , Diamond AW , Elliott KH
Published: October 2020

Ecosystem-based fisheries management, which considers the interactions between fisheries, target species, and the physical and biological components of ecosystems, is necessary to ensure that directed fisheries avoid adverse impacts to ecosystems over the long term. The successful implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management requires an understanding of predator-prey relationships and ways to operationalize such relationships to inform fisheries management. Here, we investigated if the diet of a generalist predator, Atlantic puffinFratercula arctica, can be used as an indicator of the abundance of 2 commercially exploited prey species (haddockMelanogrammus aeglefinusand Acadian redfishSebastes fasciatus) in the Gulf of Maine. Because haddock and redfish eaten by puffins are juveniles (age 0), there is potential to use their proportions and lengths in puffin diet to better understand the processes influencing haddock and redfish recruitment. By using principal component analysis to develop measures of diet across multiple puffin colonies, we show both spatial variation and large-scale patterns in the proportions and lengths of haddock and redfish in puffin diet. Spawning stock biomass was a strong predictor of haddock proportion in puffin diet and a moderate predictor of redfish proportion; however, proportions in puffin diet did not predict age-1 recruitment, suggesting that variation in recruitment is caused by processes that occur after the puffin breeding season and which affect the survival of older juveniles. Haddock length on one colony was a moderate predictor of age-1 recruitment. We conclude that puffin diet can be used as an indicator of haddock and redfish abundance.
Creating Joyful Learning within a Democratic Classroom
Authors: Waterworth Peter
Published: October 2020

Learning is enhanced when it occurs within a positive environment where the learners feel a sense of passion and excitement about what they are learning. A joyful learning experience creates new neural pathways in the brain and enhances the acceptance of content. Learners learn more quickly and more deeply when their emotions are touched and the learning experience is accompanied by the positive feelings and reactions of their teacher and other fellow learners. This paper considers the factors and classroom processes that lead to positive learning sentiment and explores the way a teacher can create a suitable collaborative and democratic learning space.
APPLICATION OF POLITE LANGUAGE TO EARLY CHILDHOOD CHARACTER EDUCATION IN PAUD BUAH HATI, CENTRAL ACEH DISTRICT
Authors: Suminah Suminah
Published: October 2020

Early Childhood EducationBuah Hati implements character education which is packaged in polite language. Students who consist of various backgrounds, different age levels and different emotional levels, in their daily life the teacher speaks politely in interacting with students, which according to observations of  the teacher's language has an impact on every child's character. Education is very important for children or adults to get. Language is a very important communication tool, without language friendly communication will not be established. The purpose of this study is to find out how the concept of polite language towards character education and to know the application of polite language to character education for early childhood in PAUD Buah Hati. This research method is descriptive qualitative research that describes and explains facts in the field, primary and secondary data sources. The data collection process uses observation, interviews, documentation, data collection techniques with data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the research on the application of polite language, the categories of building communication are 80%, the type of good listener is 90%, the understanding of children's feelings is 86%, the active listener is 88%. Influence on children's character values in the categories of honesty 78%, 76% discipline, 75% tolerance, 85% confidence, 85% hard work, 79% responsibility and 80% manners. The conclusion in the study of the application of polite language to the character of children in PAUD Buah Hati, Central Aceh District, teachers treat children to build communication with children, become good listeners, understand children's feelings, and stage an active listener which has an impact on honesty, discipline, tolerance, confidence , Hard work, responsibility and courtesy.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON MALAY SIAK SONGKET WEAVING FOR FOURTH GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Guslinda Guslinda , Kurnia Rita , Munjiatun Munjiatun
Published: October 2020

Growing awareness of students to love their own culture is not easy, there needsto be an effort to introduce. Culture-oriented learning supported by relevant teaching materials is an articative to the answer. The purpose of this research is the development of  IPS elementary teaching material  based on  Siak Malay songket weaving. It is expected that with the development of teaching materials students will develop a love for their own culture, especially about the weaving of Malay Siak songket and can also increase learning activities. Teaching material products  can be used in social studies learning for fourth grade elementary school students, especially on the theme of "The beauty of togetherness" with the sub-theme of "cultural diversity of my people". This research used research and development or R&D method with a 4-D model, which consisted of four stages, namely: (1) Define; (2) Design and; (3) Develop, and (4) Disseminate. The results showed that the development of teaching materials that have been developed are feasible to be used and are also practical. This was evidenced by the validity of teaching materials seen from: 1) the feasibility of the contents of 93.7 2) the language convention of 93.7 3) the presentation of 87.5 and 4) the 86 graphics, which obtained an average score of 90.2. while for practicality which was seen from the response of students obtained each statement was in the range of 75 to 93.75 which was included in the category of practical and very practical thus the practicality percentage of 87.5. Then it can be concluded that the development of teaching materials  is feasible and practical to be used for elementary social studies learning in grade IV primary schools.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL OF STRUCTURAL APPROACH NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT IN CLASS VIII.6 SMP NEGERI 16 PEKANBARU
Authors: Abdullah Habib , Murni Atma , Anggraini Rini Dian
Published: October 2020

This research was conducted because there are still many student learning outcomes that score below the value minimum mastery criteria (KBM) with a percentage of 10,34 % who achieve the minimum mastery criteria on the associating build flat side space of learning mathematics of class student VIII.6 SMP Negeri 16 Pekanbaru. This research aims to improve the learning process and mathematics learning outcomes by Cooperative learning structured approach Numbered Heads Together. The Classroom Action Research with two cycle, conducted in class VIII.6 SMP Negeri 16 Pekanbaru in the second semester of the 2018/2019 academic year. Research subject as many as 29 students. The research instrument consists of learning devices and instrument data collectors. The learning device consists of Syllabus, Lesson Plan and Worksheet. While The instrument data collector consists of observation sheet and math achievement test. The observation sheet obtained by qualitative descriptive while the test of mathematics learning outcomes obtained by analyzed statistically. The process of learning mathematics in cycle I to cycle II has increased. Percentage of students that reach KBM increase from the basic score, test I, and test II. The number of students who reach Minimum Mastery Criteria on basic score, daily test I and daily test II are respectively (10,34 %), (17,24%) and (48,27 %). The conclusion of this research is application of the Cooperative learning structured approach Numbered Heads Together can improve learning process and increase mathematics learning outcomes from the students at class VIII.6 SMP Negeri 16 Pekanbaru in the second semester academic years 2018/2019.
METHODOLOGY OF LABOR ORGANIZATION OF METROLOGICAL WORKS
Authors: Schastnykh Alexander V. , Gritskevich Olga V.
Published: October 2020

The article provides all the necessary and fundamental provisions. The problematic organization of labor during metrological work is the increase in efficiency associated with the features of technology. Research work is carried out during metrological work. In the research process, all the methods that were used to assess the effectiveness of metrological work were used. The methods of organizing the work of metrological work are concluded in the mandatory observance of a number of practical recommendations for metrological services. Working methods can improve the quality, accuracy and overall measurement result.
Effects of Vermireactor Modifications on the Welfare of Earthworms Eisenia fetida (Sav.) and Properties of Vermicomposts
Authors: Pączka Grzegorz , Mazur-Pączka Anna , Garczyńska Mariola , Kostecka Joanna , Butt Kevin R.
Published: October 2020

Vermicomposting is a method that allows for the environmentally friendly management of plant organic waste through the activity of concentrated earthworm populations. As a result of an appropriately conducted process, it is possible to obtain a valuable organic fertilizer, abundant in nutrients for plants as well as the development of a favorable (qualitatively and quantitatively) earthworm population structure. This paper presents the results of the vermicomposting process of waste plant mass with the use of vermireactors with different designs. In conventional no protective substrate (NPS) vermireactors, plant waste was the only habitat for earthworms, whilst protective substrate (PS) vermireactors also had a medium to shield the earthworm population in the event of the accidental introduction of toxic waste to these invertebrates. A positive effect of the PS vermireactor construction in the protection of an earthworm population against the potential use of stressful waste was found, as populations of Eisenia fetida were monitored and the development was noted during the vermicomposting with both methods. The largest differences between the populations (PS vs. NPS vermireactors) were demonstrated after 40 and 50 days and related to the number of immature animals (PS > NPS by 30.7%; p < 0.05) and cocoons (PS > NPS by 34.8%; p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the PS and NPS in the biomass of immature E. fetida and cocoons. The vermicomposts obtained were not significantly different form each other but they were characterized by a higher content of C, N, P, K, Ca and Mg compared to the initial waste biomass. Contents of Cu, Mn, Zn, Cd and Pb in vermicomposts did not prevent their use as fertilizers.
Combining Ability of Early-Maturing Yellow Maize Inbreds under Combined Drought and Heat Stress and Well-Watered Environments
Authors: Nasser Laouali M. , Badu-Apraku Baffour , Gracen Vernon E. , Mafouasson Hortense N. A.
Published: October 2020

Grain-yield potential of maize (Zea mays L.) is limited by the harsh climatic conditions during dry seasons in the savanna of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). One hundred and five hybrids derived from diallel crosses involving 15 early-maturing yellow maize inbreds were screened under combined drought and heat stress (CDHS) and well-watered (WW) conditions at four locations representative of the dry savannas of Niger, 2012–2014. The objective of the study was to examine the general combining ability (GCA) effects of the inbred lines and specific combining ability (SCA) of the crosses under CDHS and WW environments, assess yield and stability of the derived hybrids under contrasting environments and investigate inter-relationships among traits of the hybrids under contrasting environments. GCA and SCA effects for grain yield and other measured traits were significant, with preponderance of GCA effects over SCA effects under both the CDHS and WW environments. Inbred ENT 13 possessed positive and significant GCA effects for grain yield under both CDHS and WW environments indicating that the inbred could be used for developing outstanding hybrids with good levels of tolerance to CDHS. This also implied that the inbred line could serve as invaluable genetic resource for introgression of favorable alleles into tropical early-maturing maize populations for accelerated genetic gains from selection for improved grain yield. Hybrids ENT 13 × TZEI 167 and TZEI 157 × ENT 13 were the most stable and among the highest yielding hybrids across research environments. These outstanding hybrids could be tested extensively for commercialization in SSA to improve food security. Plant and ear aspects and days to 50% silking could be combined with grain yield in a selection index for improvement of yield under CDHS without yield penalties under WW environments.
The Influences of Different Methods of Grassland Renovation on the Weight of Post-Harvest Residues and the Abundance of Selected Soil Nutrients
Authors: Gaweł Eliza , Grzelak Mieczysław
Published: October 2020

In Poland, half of the grassland is neglected and requires renovation, which was the reason for starting this research project. The aim of this research was to study the grassland habitat of lowland central Poland that has water-deficient, slightly acidic mineral soil, in the years 2013–2016. Specifically, the impact of three methods of grassland renovation on the dry matter yield and the weight of post-harvest residues, as well as on the content of particular nutrient components in the soil, were determined. Three legume–grass mixtures were used for the renovation. The study shows that the method of renovation (ploughing, harrowing, and herbicide + direct sowing) did not have a significant effect on the dry matter yield nor on the weight of the post-harvest residues or the content in the soil of some nutrients. The highest yield was obtained from the “Original” mixture with 50% of legumes in the seed mix. After the renovation, 5.03–7.17 t·ha−1 of post-harvest residues were obtained (mainly grasses and roots of plants, 68.7–71.1%). After three years from renovation, the soil pH significantly decreased and the content of Ca and Mg increased, while the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and Corg compounds remained at an unchanged level. The concentration of various forms of nitrogen, P2O5, K2O, Ca, and Corg decreased in the deeper soil layer (down to 60 cm).
Conditioned Medium from Canine Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Dog Sperm Post-Thaw Quality-Related Parameters
Authors: Mahiddine Feriel Yasmine , Kim Jin Wook , Qamar Ahmad Yar , Ra Jeong Chan , Kim Soo Hyun , Jung Eun Joong , Kim Min Jung
Published: October 2020

This study investigated the effects of conditioned medium (CM) from canine amniotic membrane-derived MSCs (cAMSCs) on dog sperm cryopreservation. For this purpose, flow cytometry analysis was performed to characterize cAMSCs. The CM prepared from cAMSCs was subjected to proteomic analysis for the identification of proteins present in the medium. Sperm samples were treated with freezing medium supplemented with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the CM, and kinetic parameters were evaluated after 4–6 h of chilling at 4 °C to select the best concentration before proceeding to cryopreservation. Quality-related parameters of frozen–thawed sperm were investigated, including motility; kinetic parameters; viability; integrity of the plasma membrane, chromatin, and acrosome; and mitochondrial activity. The results showed that 10% of the CM significantly enhanced motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, and membrane integrity (p < 0.05); however, the analysis of chromatin and acrosome integrity showed no significant differences between the treatment and control groups. Therefore, we concluded that the addition of 10% CM derived from cAMSC in the freezing medium protected dog sperm during the cryopreservation process.
Large Animal Models of Heart Failure: Reduced vs. Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Charles Christopher J. , Rademaker Miriam T. , Scott Nicola J. A. , Richards A. Mark
Published: October 2020

Heart failure (HF) is the final common end point of multiple metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and imposes a significant health care burden worldwide. Despite significant improvements in clinical management and outcomes, morbidity and mortality remain high and there remains an indisputable need for improved treatment options. The pathophysiology of HF is complex and covers a spectrum of clinical presentations from HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (≤40% EF) through to HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), with HFpEF patients demonstrating a reduced ability of the heart to relax despite an EF maintained above 50%. Prior to the last decade, the majority of clinical trials and animal models addressed HFrEF. Despite growing efforts recently to understand underlying mechanisms of HFpEF and find effective therapies for its treatment, clinical trials in patients with HFpEF have failed to demonstrate improvements in mortality. A significant obstacle to therapeutic innovation in HFpEF is the absence of preclinical models including large animal models which, unlike rodents, permit detailed instrumentation and extensive imaging and sampling protocols. Although several large animal models of HFpEF have been reported, none fulfil all the features present in human disease and few demonstrate progression to frank decompensated HF. This review summarizes well-established models of HFrEF in pigs, dogs and sheep and discusses attempts to date to model HFpEF in these species.
Yellow Mealworm Inclusion in Diets for Heavy-Size Broiler Chickens: Implications for Intestinal Microbiota and Mucin Dynamics
Authors: Biasato Ilaria , Ferrocino Ilario , Grego Elena , Dabbou Sihem , Gai Francesco , Gasco Laura , Cocolin Luca , Capucchio Maria Teresa , Schiavone Achille
Published: October 2020

In the present trial, 160 heavy-size male broiler chickens were allocated to 4 dietary treatments (control feed [C] and 5, 10 and 15% TM meal inclusion, respectively, with 5 replicate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen) to evaluate the influence of TM meal on intestinal microbiota and mucin composition. The broiler chickens fed TM-based diets showed higher beta diversity of their cecal microbiota in comparison with the C birds (p < 0.001). A significant decrease of the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum and lower Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratios (False Discovery Rate [FDR] < 0.05) were also identified in TM15 broiler chickens when compared to the C group. Furthermore, the TM birds showed decreased relative abundance of Clostridium, Coprococcus, L-Ruminococcus and Ruminococcus genera (FDR < 0.05). In relation to the gut mucin composition, higher mucin staining intensity was detected in the intestinal crypts of TM5 birds in comparison with the other TM groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary TM meal inclusion negatively influenced the cecal microbiota of heavy-size broiler chickens in terms of partial alteration of the physiological microbial population and reduction of the potential beneficial bacteria (with slightly more pronounced effects when testing the 10–15% inclusion levels).
Current Trends in Understanding and Managing Equine Rhodococcosis
Authors: Rakowska Alicja , Cywinska Anna , Witkowski Lucjan
Published: October 2020

The aim of this review was to summarize studies on equine rhodococcosis over the last decade. For many years Rhodococcus equi has remained one of the major health challenges in the equine breeding industry worldwide. Recently, many novel approaches and ideas have been described and some of them were initially implemented into the clinical practice. This study reviews a variety of new information about neonatal susceptibility, clinical appearance, considered and applied diagnostic procedures and treatment alternatives, factors limiting accurate prognosis, ideas regarding environmental management and prophylaxis considerations. Although multiple research were conducted, the main problems such as high morbidity and mortality, a lack of reliable prevention strategies and treatment limitations are still unresolved and require further scientific effort.
Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Hematological Parameters, and Hepatic Oxidative Stress Response in Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, Fed Carbohydrates of Different Complexities
Authors: Azaza Mohamed S. , Saidi Saber A. , Dhraief Mohamed N. , EL-feki Abdelfattah
Published: October 2020

A 45-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the capacity of juvenile Nile tilapia (2.12 ± 0.02 g) to utilize different sources of carbohydrate in their diets. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, hematological parameters, and hepatic oxidative stress were evaluated. Four experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (25% crude protein) and isolipidic (10% crude lipid), each containing 20% glucose (GLU-diet), maltose (MAL-diet), dextrin (DEX-diet), and corn starch (CST-diet), respectively. At the end of feeding trial, survival in all groups was above 90% and was not significantly different among groups. The results indicated that fish fed the DEX-diet and CSTA-diet showed significantly (p < 0.05) better specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) compared with those fed the other diets. The dry matter and carbohydrate digestibility were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in groups fed on dextrin and corn starch diets. However, the digestibility of crude protein and energy in diets did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) among groups fed on experimental diets. The activities of analyzed antioxidant enzymes in the liver were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in groups fed on glucose and maltose diets when compared to other groups. Hematological parameters were affected by the dietary carbohydrate sources; there was a significant increase in hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), and mean corpuscular volume (CMV) in the blood of fish fed on dextrin and cornstarch diets compared to other experimental diets. These results indicated that low complexity carbohydrate sources induced oxidative stress and depressed growth performance. Overall, these results indicate that dietary dextrin and starch were more efficiently utilized than glucose as an energy source by juvenile Nile tilapia. This information is of increasing interest in fish nutrition to provide healthy and economically feed formulations.
Post-Release Monitoring of Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) Relocated from an Urban Development Site
Authors: Cowan Mark , Blythman Mark , Angus John , Gibson Lesley
Published: October 2020

The expansion of urban areas and associated clearing of habitat can have severe consequences for native wildlife. One option for managing wildlife in these situations is to relocate them. While there is a general perception that relocation is humane, transparency of outcomes is lacking. Here, we document the outcome of 122 western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) relocated from an urban development site on the edge of Perth, Western Australia. Global Positioning System (GPS) or Very High Frequency (VHF) collars were fitted to 67 kangaroos, and their survival and movement were monitored over 12 months using telemetry, camera traps and spotlighting. Only six collared animals survived for the duration of the study with most dying within a week of the relocation, indicating stress associated with capture as the likely cause. By the completion of the study, 111 kangaroos were predicted to have died based on the proportion of individuals known to have died. Movement patterns of surviving GPS collared kangaroos changed over time from largely exploratory forays, to more repeated movements between focus areas within home ranges. The poor outcome here raises concerns around the viability of relocating a relatively large number of kangaroos as a management option. It also highlights the need for careful planning to limit the stress associated with capture and transport if relocations are to be used for managing kangaroos in urban areas.
Free-Range and Low-Protein Concentrated Diets in Iberian Pigs: Effect on Plasma Insulin and Leptin Concentration, Lipogenic Enzyme Activity, and Fatty Acid Composition of Adipose Tissue
Authors: Tejeda Juan F. , Hernández-Matamoros Alejandro , González Elena
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diets with different protein contents on carcass traits, plasma hormone concentration, lipogenic enzyme activities, and fatty acid (FA) composition in the adipose tissue of Iberian pigs. Twenty-four castrated male Iberian pigs (eight per feeding diet) were fed under free-range conditions with acorns and grass (FR), and in confinement with concentrated diets with standard (SP) and low-protein contents (LP) from 116.0 to 174.2 kg live weight. Backfat thickness was not affected by diet. The plasma leptin concentration was higher (p < 0.001) in the FR group than in the LP and SP groups, while insulin concentration was higher in the SP group than in the LP and FR groups. The lipogenic enzyme activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were lower in the FR group compared to the LP and SP pigs. The activities of these enzymes were adipose-tissue-specific. No differences were found in FA composition of adipose tissue between the SP and LP groups, while the FR pigs had lower proportions of saturated FA and higher proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA than the SP and LP pigs. In conclusion, feeding low-protein diets in Iberian pigs does not seem to affect adipose carcass traits, strengthening previous findings that indicate that this is a good strategy to improve meat and dry-cured product quality.