bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public-private partnership in the Russian Federation at the present stage: Trends and problems of development
Authors: Afanas’eva N. V. , Orlov P. E.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To generalize the trends and problems of public-private partnership (PPP) development in the Russian Federation (RF) at the present stage.

Objectives. To perform a brief review of the history of PPP development in Russia; to disclose the essence of theoretical provisions regarding the features and principles of PPP; to analyze the data characterizing the development of PPP in 2018–2022 in terms of the number and types of projects, the amount of financing raised, the levels of their implementation (federal, regional, municipal); to study the features of the implementation of the concept of “PPP for the benefit of people” in modern Russian practice.

Methods. With the help of general methods of scientific cognition in various aspects, the authors have considered the features, trends and problems of PPP development in Russia, characteristic of the current state, as well as determined the general directions of their solution.

Results. PPP is a modern method of attracting private capital to solve socio-economic problems of development of industries and territories. Its features are revealed through economic, social, financial, legal, managerial, political sides. The actual set of principles includes expediency, efficiency, legality, priority of public interests, responsibility of the parties to obligations, information transparency. The world practice has accumulated experience in the use of various PPP projects. The modern trend is the inclusion of sustainable development goals in the PPP development concept, which significantly modernizes approaches to the selection of PPP projects. The main trends of PPP development in Russia include the predominance of PPP projects implemented by type (concession agreements), number (municipal level projects), financing volumes (regional level projects), specific financial capacity (federal level projects); expansion of the range of sectors, objects, introduction of new measures, tools and mechanisms for the development and modernization of social infrastructure, ensuring technological sovereignty. The multiplicity of problems of PPP development in Russia is caused by legal, macroeconomic, personnel, political, managerial factors, which determines the need for continuous improvement of organizational, legal, financial and economic mechanisms.

Conclusions. The study of trends and problems of PPP development in Russia allows not only to identify the national specifics of attracting private capital to solve problems of socio-economic development, but also to identify ways, directions of improving the welfare of the population, the growth of competitiveness of individual territories on the basis of a fuller use of entrepreneurial potential of regions.
Improving the institutional environment for pilot testing of innovative technologies in Russia and abroad
Authors: Abzalilova L. R. , Bagaveeva A. R.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To propose scientifically substantiated approaches to improving and accelerating the development of the institutional environment of pilot testing of new technologies in Russia.

Objectives. To analyze the current state and highlight the main problems of the experimental-industrial infrastructure of innovation activity in Russia and abroad; to present tools for improvement taking into account international experience and geopolitical challenges.

Methods. The study uses the methods of analysis and synthesis of state programs to support the development of experimental-industrial infrastructure, the method of causal analysis of barriers to the formation of experimental-industrial infrastructure, as well as methods of tabular and graphical structuring and interpretation of data.

Results. By analyzing the limiting factors of the development of pilot industrial infrastructure on the example of China, India and Western countries the general barriers inherent in these territories and specific barriers formed by geographical, political or cultural peculiarities are revealed. The analysis of tools for the development of pilot industrial infrastructure in Russia is presented, taking into account which the necessary measures of state support and its main beneficiaries are proposed and justified.

Conclusions. In Russia in the last few years there has been a decrease in the number of research, design, engineering, design and survey organizations, pilot plants. The existing practice of functioning and development of experimental activities, weak dynamics of its development in the conditions of realization of the course on technological sovereignty in the country speak about the insufficient volume of state instruments of stimulation of experimental-industrial tests and development of experimental-industrial infrastructure. There is a need for a transition from the implementation of private initiatives to a systematic approach to the development of this activity with the involvement of the state, science, small and medium-sized businesses. In order to scale up the developed domestic practices and obtain tangible results for the economy, it is advisable to increase the financing of pilot industrial activities in comparable amounts with international practices.
Sulla simulazione e l’azione di revocazione di un trust istituito a tutela di soggetto disabile (Trib. Bari, 3 luglio 2023)
Authors: Gruppuso Maria Cristina
Published: December 2023

Massima
La simulazione del trust non può essere provata dimostrando che il disponente intendeva sottrarre i beni conferiti in trust alla garanzia generica dei creditori, né tramite le circostanze che il disponente si sia riservato alcuni poteri e facoltà e che il trust sia maturato nel contesto familiare.
È utilmente esperita l’azione revocatoria ex art. 2901 cod. civ. diretta sia verso l’atto istitutivo che verso gli atti dispositivi di un trust posto in essere dal disponente successivamente alla commissione di fatti per i quali è stato condannato al risarcimento dei danni in favore degli agenti in revocatoria: l’eventus damni sussiste in quanto il disponente è titolare di un patrimonio residuo assolutamente insufficiente in relazione alle pretese creditorie; la scientia damni in capo al disponente (requisito soggettivo richiesto solo in capo al debitore in considerazione della natura gratuita del trust) sussiste in quanto questi era a conoscenza della consistenza del proprio patrimonio.
Il trust istituito al fine di provvedere ai bisogni di un soggetto disabile costituisce un atto di natura gratuita poiché determina un sacrificio patrimoniale da parte del disponente, che non trova contropartita in una attribuzione in suo favore; pertanto, in presenza dei presupposti richiesti dall’art. 2901 cod. civ., è revocabile.
Beneficiari non litisconsorti necessari perchè il loro stato soggettivo non rileva (App. Milano, 15 giugno 2023)
Authors: Lo Sardo Ottavia
Published: December 2023

Massima
I beneficiari di un trust istituito per far fronte ai bisogni della famiglia del disponente non sono litisconsorti necessari nel giudizio per la revocatoria del conferimento nel trust, in quanto, essendo il conferimento a titolo gratuito, lo stato soggettivo del beneficiario non è elemento costitutivo della fattispecie.
L’azione revocatoria ex art. 2901 cod. civ. avverso il conferimento in trust è utilmente esperita qualora l’attore produca in giudizio il solo atto di conferimento e non anche l’atto istitutivo.
Sul sequestro preventivo nonostante l’adempimento dell’obbligazione tributaria (Cass., 22 marzo 2023, n. 12084)
Authors: Consoli Martha
Published: December 2023

Massima
Non sono assoggettabili a sequestro preventivo i beni conferiti in un trust istituito al fine di sottrarsi fraudolentemente al pagamento delle imposte qualora il debito tributario venga adempiuto, in quanto, ferma restando la sussistenza del reato, viene meno l’esigenza di salvaguardare la garanzia patrimoniale del debitore tramite la misura cautelare reale.
Derivative claim e finalità ESG (ClientEarth v Shell Plc, 12 maggio 2023)
Authors: Buffoni Marta
Published: December 2023

Tesi
Nell’ordinamento giuridico inglese, il socio di minoranza (come ClientEarth in questo caso) può agire in giudizio quale sostituto processuale della Società in ipotesi di inadempimento, da parte degli amministratori, del dovere di valutare l’impatto del rischio climatico ai fini della definizione della strategia societaria. Ciò è possibile perché l’art. 172 del Companies Act contempla espressamente (anche) il rischio climatico tra le variabili che gli amministratori devono considerare al fine di adempiere il dovere di promuovere il successo della Società. Per far ciò il socio deve, prima di tutto, introdurre una fase cautelare (prima facie case) per ottenere il permesso del Tribunale alla prosecuzione nel merito.
Questo tipo di cause solleva nuove istanze di tutela relative alle responsabilità degli amministratori societari nella gestione dell’impatto ambientale.
Nel sistema italiano non esiste una norma equivalente all’art. 172; sono operative, però, delle regole di soft law, allo scopo di muovere gli amministratori ad orientare le proprie decisioni anche in base al rischio climatico. L’attuazione della direttiva CSDD, a cui il Parlamento europeo sta lavorando, probabilmente cambierà questo contesto promuovendo una riforma del diritto societario.
The author’s view
In the English legal system, the minority shareholder (such as ClientEarth in this case) can take legal action as the Company's litigation surrogate in the event of a breach by the directors of their duty to assess the impact of climate risk for the purpose of setting corporate strategy. This is possible because Section 172 of the Companies Act expressly contemplates (also) climate risk among the variables that directors must consider in order to fulfill the duty to promote the Company's success. To do so, the shareholder must, first of all, introduce an interlocutory phase (prima facie case) in order to obtain the Court's permission to proceed on the merits.
This type of case raises new instances of protection related to the responsibilities of corporate directors in managing environmental impact.
In the Italian system, there is no rule equivalent to Article 172; however, soft law rules are operative, with the aim of moving directors to guide their decisions also on the basis of climate risk. The implementation of the CSDD directive, which the European Parliament is working on, is likely to change this context by promoting a reform of corporate law.
Cessazione anticipata del trust (Shriners Hos for Children v First Northern Bank of Wyoming , 18 maggio 2016)
Authors: Capicchioni Amos
Published: December 2023

Tesi
Il diritto incondizionato dei beneficiari di porre fine anticipatamente al trust, generalmente fatto discendere dal precedente inglese Saunders v Vautier, non trova applicazione nel diritto statunitense. Infatti l’esigenza primaria di garantire il perseguimento del material purpose del trust, che si desume dalle intenzioni del disponente, può essere legittimamente opposta all’esercizio di tale facoltà da parte dei beneficiari. Tale regola discende direttamente dall’equity e dal principio cardine del diritto successorio americano del freedom of disposition.
Un’interessante controversia decisa dalla Corte Suprema del Wyoming è l’occasione per analizzare l’applicazione di tali postulati inerenti alla durata dei trust statunitensi.
The author’s view
The unconditional right of beneficiaries to terminate the trust early,generally derived from the English leading case Saunders v Vautier, does not apply in U.S. law. In fact the primary need to ensure the pursuit of the material purpose of the trust, which can be deduced from the intentions of the settlor, it may legitimately be opposed to the exercise of that right by the beneficiaries. This rule comes directly from the equity and from the cardinal principle of American inheritance law called “freedom of disposition”.
An interesting court case decided by the Supreme Court of Wyoming represents the occasionto analyze the application of these postulates relating to the duration of US trusts.
Trust familiare, accordi di separazione e azione revocatoria (App. Firenze, 20 febbraio 2023)
Authors: Giunchedi Diletta
Published: December 2023

Tesi
È condivisibile il principio di diritto espresso dalla Corte d’appello di Firenze, in linea con l’orientamento maggioritario, che sostiene la revocabilità del trust familiare istituito in ottemperanza degli accordi assunti nella fase patologica della relazione coniugale, anche se finalizzati all’adempimento dell’obbligo di mantenimento del figlio. Si propone però un correttivo: l’istituzione di un trust destinato al mantenimento della prole, in esecuzione di un accordo omologato, può assumere un carattere oneroso, in quanto non potrebbe ritenersi privo di controprestazione, almeno nei confronti dell’ex coniuge. Pertanto, potrebbe essere assoggettato alla più stringente disciplina dell’art. 2901, comma 1, n. 2, cod. civ..
The author’s view
The principle of law expressed by the Court of Appeal of Florence, in line with the majority orientation, is to be shared: it upholds the revocability of the trust set up in compliance with the agreements made in the pathological phase of the marital relationship, even if aimed at the fulfilment of the child support obligation. However, a corrective perspective can be proposed: the institution of a trust intended for the maintenance of children, in execution of an approved agreement of dissolution of a marriage, may take on an onerous character. It could not be deemed to be without consideration, at least in regard to the former spouse. It could therefore be subject to the stricter rules of Article 2901, par. 2, no. 2, of the Civil Code.
Una possibile applicazione del tracing nel nostro ordinamento? (Trib. Roma, 22 novembre 2022)
Authors: Masturzi Sabrina
Published: December 2023

Tesi
La nullità del contratto di cessione di quota di s.r.l. origina, in capo al cedente, il diritto alla restituzione della stessa benché, nelle more, sia stata oggetto di diversi trasferimenti, l’ultimo dei quali in favore di un trust, e il capitale, del quale rappresenta una frazione ideale, abbia subito plurimi azzeramenti e contestuali ricostituzioni, per perdite. Nessuno degli eventi nominati, a cominciare da quelli che hanno riguardato il nominale, è infatti idoneo - di per sé - ad incidere sulla partecipazione, provocandone il perimento, id est l’annullamento; né, negli atti di causa e nel provvedimento in esame, sono emersi accadimenti utili a farne emergere il deterioramento, in senso tecnico: eventualità, tutte, che, in ossequio alla disciplina della restituzione di indebito di cui agli artt. 2037, comma 2, e 2038 cod. civ., avrebbero piuttosto legittimato il cedente alla restituzione, non già della quota, bensì del suo controvalore.
L’obbligo restitutorio sancito a carico degli aventi causa del cessionario, coerentemente alla disciplina degli effetti della dichiarata nullità del contratto di cessione, permette pertanto al cedente di recuperare la quota pur se, nel frattempo, passata di mano; sia pure implicitamente, sottende il disconoscimento alle nominate operazioni dell’idoneità a trasformare, o addirittura a novare, la quota originaria, in altra avente nuova e diversa identità.
The author’s view
The nullity of the contract of transfer of a share in a s.r.l. originates, in the hands of the transferor, the right to the restitution of the same although, in the meantime, it has been the subject of several transfers, the last of which in favor of a trust, and the capital, of which it represents an ideal fraction, has undergone several write-offs and contextual reconstitutions, due to losses. None of the named events, beginning with those that have affected the nominal, is in fact suitable - in itself - to affect the shareholding, causing its perishment, id est the annulment; nor, in the deeds of the case and in the measure under examination, have any events emerged that would be useful to bring out its deterioration, in the technical sense: eventualities, all of which, in deference to the discipline of the restitution of undue payments in Articles 2037, paragraph 2, and 2038 Civil Code, would rather have legitimized the assignor to restitution, not of the share, but of its countervalue.
The restitutory obligation sanctioned against the assignee's successors in title, consistent with the regulation of the effects of the declared nullity of the assignment contract, therefore allows the assignor to recover the share even though, in the meantime, it has changed hands; albeit implicitly, it implies the disavowal of the aforementioned operations of the suitability to transform, or even novate, the original share, into another having a new and different identity.
Joint Learning of Nonlinear Representation and Projection for Fast Constrained MRSI Reconstruction
Authors: Li Yahang , Ruhm Loreen , Wang Zepeng , Zhao Ruiyang , Anderson Aaron , Arnold Paul , Huesmann Graham , Henning Anke , Lam Fan
Published: December 2023

Learning and utilizing low-dimensional representations for high-dimensional imaging problems is an active research area. We present here a novel method for computationally efficient reconstruction from noisy MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data, a unique high-dimensional molecular imaging modality. The proposed method features (a) a novel strategy that jointly learns a nonlinear low-dimensional representation of high-dimensional spectroscopic signals and a neural-network-based projector to recover the low-dimensional embeddings from noisy/limited data; (b) a joint formulation that integrates the forward encoding model, a regularizer exploiting the learned representation, and a complementary spatial constraint; and (c) a highly efficient algorithm enabled by the learned projector within an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework, circumventing the computationally expensive network inversion subproblem. The proposed method has been evaluated using simulations and different types of in vivo MRSI data, demonstrating robust improved performance over state-of-the-art methods. Computational complexity and algorithm convergence analysis have been performed to offer further insights into the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Freestyle Object Localization
Authors: Liu Jia
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we define the freestyle object localization problem where a model is expected to autonomically learn and locate an arbitrarily specified object given only the name. However, learning the semantic features of an object requires corresponding training data which are not always available in existing datasets. Obviously, Internet provides massive off-the-rack data for learning given only the keyword while few existing methods are able to directly use them. To directly use them, a localization model should firstly overcome two difficulties: (1) learning from single-class annotated images and (2) from images with unpredictable sizes. For single-class annotation, we establish a novel probabilistic model to capture the distribution of the object in the background data space. Based on a deep hierarchical architecture with alterable depth that is designed for unpredictable sizes, we propose an association module and design an energy function to drive the probabilistic model. By maximizing the log-likelihood, the proposed model is able to highlight the semantic features of object that has the highest probability in training images, i.e., the specified object. In experiments, the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance among weakly-supervised localization methods on public datasets and freestyle localization of objects that are rare in public datasets.
A Geospatial Approach to Wild fire Risk Modeling using Machine Learning and Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Gupta Riya , Kim Hudson
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the likelihood of wildfire occurrence has increased in many North American communities as changes in climate have led to longer, more deadly fire seasons.  Many Americans, especially those living in Western states, have reported frequent drought and wildfire conditions, leading to an increased need for a modeling program to assess wildfire risk at a low computational cost. The research objective of this paper was to develop a machine learning model capable of producing real-time wildfire risk assessments using five geospatial datasets: Land Fire Mean Return, Annual Precipitation, Sentinel-2 Imagery, Land Cover, and Moisture Deficit & Surplus. To create the model, three separate machine learning architectures were implemented (U-Net, DeepLabV3, and the Pyramid Scene Parsing Network) and then applied to the study area of San Bernardino County, CA for the year 2020. In addition, this study demonstrated a proof of concept for further inquiry into combining artificial intelligence and geospatial datasets to create useful insights.  
Exploding AI-Generated Deepfakes and Misinformation: A Threat to Global Concern in the 21st Century
Authors: Singh Dr. Pawan , Dhiman Dr. Bharat
Published: December 2023

Deepfakes the term was coined in 2018 by a Reddit user who created a Reddit forum dedicated to the creation and use of deep learning software for synthetically face swapping female celebrities into pornographic videos. According to Sumsub's research in 2023, the top-5 identity fraud types in 2023 are AI-powered fraud, money muling networks, fake IDs, account takeovers, and forced verification. The country most attacked by deepfakes is Spain; the most forged document worldwide is the UAE passport, whereas Latin America is the region where fraud has increased in every country. On November 24, 2023, the Union Government of India issued an advisory to social media intermediaries to identify misinformation and deepfakes.

A deepfake refers to a specific kind of synthetic media where a person in an image or video is swapped with another person's likeness. AI-generated deepfakes have emerged as a complex and pervasive challenge in today's digital landscape, enabling the creation of remarkably convincing yet falsified multimedia content. This review paper examines the multifaceted landscape of deepfakes, encompassing their technological underpinnings, societal implications, detection methodologies, and ethical considerations.

The review aggregates and synthesizes a broad array of scholarly articles, studies, and reports to elucidate the diverse typologies of deepfakes, including face-swapping, voice cloning, and synthetic media, while delineating the intricate methodologies employed in their fabrication. This review culminates in an overview of future directions and recommendations, advocating for proactive measures to counter the escalating threat posed by AI-generated deepfakes.
Towards Attestable Wallets for Tokenized Assets
Authors: Hardjono Thomas , Lipton Alexander , Pentland Alex
Published: December 2023

If tokenized assets are to be a reality in the future decentralized Web3 then transaction keys need to be distributed and under the control of the asset-owners. This requires a careful design of wallet systems based on trusted hardware. A core feature needed for wallet systems is the attestation of the state of the transaction keys in the wallet without disclosure of the keys. This feature is relevant for relying parties such as insurance providers who need to perform risk assessment based on the security quality of the environment inside the wallet system that is protecting the transaction keys. In the longer term, all key-bearing devices that participate in a decentralized tokenized asset network will need to be hardened using trusted hardware, with attestation capabilities for detecting and countering cyberattacks.
Thin-film Rotating Coaxial Reactor for Microwave-assisted Rapid Chemistry
Authors: Kouzaev Guennadi
Published: December 2023

This paper considers a prototype novel rotating reactor for microwave-assisted heating and chemistry. It consists of a coaxial waveguide with a dielectric hollow mixer turning around the length of the central conductor of this coaxial waveguide. A heating liquid flows in a narrow gap between the rotor and the outer conductor of the coaxial waveguide fed by microwaves. It is supposed that the acceleration of the conversation rate of chemical reactions is due to the excitation of Kolmogorov micro-vortices and the application of microwaves. This contribution studies theinitial results of microwave liquid heating, hydrodynamics, and mechanics in these reactors.
Harnessing FPGA Technology for Enhanced Biomedical Computation
Authors: Alici Nisanur
Published: December 2023

This research delves into sophisticated neural network frameworks like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs), and Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) for improved analysis of ECG signals via Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).  The main purpose of this study is to see the advantage of FPGA in biomedical computation.  
Blunt weapons in the roman imperial army. A multidisciplinary approach to the clava from experimental archaeology to forensic anthropology
Authors: Marchiaro Stefano , Borrini Matteo , Bongioanni Gianfranco
Published: December 2023

The wooden club (clava) is rarely associated with the image of Roman soldiers, perhaps because it was considered an unconventional weapon with ethnic attributes and/or specific combat roles. Nonetheless, it is attested in the archaeological record and some ancient texts. The panoply and the military career of the soldiers represented on the tombstones of Catavignus son of Ivomagus (1st century AD) and Marcus Aurelius Alexis (early 3rd century AD) offered us the possibility to reconsider the use of the club as an offensive weapon within the Imperial Roman army. The authors made a replica of the clava using historical tools and manufacturing techniques. A series of tests have then been performed to investigate the use of the club in combat. The possible traumas on human targets were also evaluated with a forensic anthropological approach. The results suggest the essential role of flexion and rotation of the kinetic chain «hip/shoulder/ arm» in wielding the clava. This movement requires a much more mobile combat style that can prove very effective against heavily armoured targets due to the weapon's high-impact force and a more extended reach than more conventional Roman sidearms.
Abitare lo spazio del corpo. Una riflessione empirica e uno sguardo antropologico sulle pratiche artistico-performative come dispositivo di risignificazione dello spazio pubblico
Authors: Calderone Gloria
Published: December 2023

Starting from the idea that the body is not sufficiently taken into account in spatial design practices and that indeed the theory of corporeality lacks exactitude in the field of spatial design, this research discusses the role of the body in Western design culture and develops the proposal of a collaboration between urban design and the performing arts. The centrality given to the body by the latter, together with the possibility of re-inhabiting urban spaces in a synaesthetic and kinaesthetic way, as well as the possibility of involving citizens within participatory projects, lead to a collaboration between the two disciplines in order to build a sensitive method, a performative urbanism operating in urban public spaces. The case study examined, in the residential district of Isolotto in Florence, verifies the usefulness of such a collaboration, which stands as an alternative to the usual disembodied practices of urban planning. The possibility of using the body as a device for reading and measuring space through bodily-artistic-performative actions can become an opportunity yet to be explored for urban design for spaces composition and re-signification.
Attush, abiti tradizionali degli Ainu di Hokkaido. Analisi e studio degli attush della collezione Fosco Maraini del Museo di Antropologia di Firenze
Authors: Roselli Maria Gloria
Published: December 2023

This article reports on vegetable fiber garments, variously embroidered, made by the Ainu of Hokkaido ‒ Japan. These garments, generically called attush, were decorated by women with the embroidery technique and by adding fabric tapes. The final effect was a harmony of original geometric shapes and symmetries that are immediately recognizable as belonging to this people. The same decorations are also reproduced in many objects of their daily and spiritual life. These observations were based on the study of the attush present in the collection of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnology in Florence, donated by the famous scholar Fosco Maraini in 1948, and were the result of his collection and research conducted in Hokkaido from 1938 to 1941.
“Weighed, not counted”: territorial (mis)representation in Italian metropolitan council elections
Authors: Gasperoni Giancarlo
Published: December 2023

Metropolitan cities were established by Italian Law no. 56/2014 (commonly known as the “Delrio Law”) as a new level of government, replacing and redefining functions previously performed by provinces in selected major urban areas. One of their three key governing bodies is the metropolitan council, a representative assembly the members of which are elected via an indirect, second-level, proportional, list-based system in which the electorate comprises all sitting mayors and councillors from metropolitan city municipalities. The election mechanism applies a differential weighting scheme that reflects the population size of the municipalities in which voters serve as mayors or councillors. Using the outcomes of the metropolitan council elections held in the years 2021 and 2022 in eight metropolitan cities, this study highlights the variety of ways (many of which appear to be largely unintended) in which demographic weighting bestows significantly greater (and, arguably, unwarranted) power to larger cities’ representatives, essentially disrupting the principles of territorial representation that the weighting scheme intended to embody. The study also focuses on how the legal framework for metropolitan council elections generates institutional instability via mandatory forfeitures and ensuing substitutions of seat vacancies. Finally, the author identifies potential adjustments to the electoral system – especially a proposal for the attenuation of disproportionate territorial representation via demographic weighting based on the so-called “square-root method”.
POTENSI KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF SUMBER DAYA KELAUTAN INDONESIA
Authors: Ramadhani Azzahra Alifa
Published: December 2023

Dua per tiga wilayah Indonesia merupakan lautan, sehingga Indonesia memiliki potensi sumber daya laut yang tinggi. Potensi sumberdaya laut, bukan hanya ikan atau rumput laut saja, namun termasuk ekosistem laut yang beragam, energi, dan mineral. Potensi pembangunan ekonomi kelautan Indonesia dapat menjadi salah satu sumber modal utama pembangunan, dan dapat memberikan manfaat yang maksimal bagi negara dan masyarakat Indonesia apabila dikelola dengan inovatif dan baik Indonesia memiliki potensi ekonomi kelautan yang sangat melimpah. Keunggulan komparatif Indonesia dalam memiliki keanekaragaman hayati membuat Indonesia menjadi salah satu Negara importir hasil laut terbesar di dunia salah satunya perikanan. Meski demikian, keunggulan komparatif saja tidak cukup untuk menghadapi perekonomian dunia yang semakin kompetitif sehingga keunggulan komparatif kelautan secara bertahap bertransformasi menjadi keunggulan kompetitif. Artinya, kebijakan mengelola dan membangun sumber daya kelautan harus secara sistemik melalui pengembangan teknologi dan peningkatan mutu sumber daya manusia.
PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS DENGAN RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH PERIODE 2017-2021
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Alwi , Ridwan M. , Tambunan Khairina
Published: December 2023

Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Profitabilitas yang diintervening melalui Variabel Pembiayaan Bermasalah. penelitian merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 14 Bank Umum Syariah. Yang menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel Purpose Sampling, diambil sampel berjumlah 10 Bank umum syariah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian data panel dengan menggunakan teknik analisis jalur (path analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial, Good Corporate Governance tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Risiko Pembiayaan yang diprosikan dengan Non Performing Financing (NPF) Dan Profitabilitas yang diprosikan dengan Return On Assets (ROA). Risiko Pembiayaan yang diprosikan dengan Non Performing Financing(NPF) secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas yang diprosikan dengan Return On Assets (ROA). Dan secara tidak langsung Good Corporate Governance berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Risiko Pembiayaan yang diprosikan dengan Non Performing Financing(NPF) melalui Profitabilitas yang diprosikan dengan Return On Assets (ROA).
School Partnership Management with the Community SDN in the District Wetlands North Banjarmasin
Authors: Suhaimi Suhaimi , Amberansyah Amberansyah
Published: December 2023

This research describes the management of school partnerships with the Banjarmasin City Elementary School community which is located in a wetland environment to improve student achievement, in line with the ULM Vision, namely the realization of a leading and competitive university in the wetland environment, especially in the field of education, with the dissemination of higher education science and technology. This research method is qualitative by exploring school and community partnership management data, including: (1) implementation of school and community partnership management, (2) the concept of the school partnership program, (3) obstacles to implementing the partnership program. The research setting was taken from two elementary schools in the wetland environment of North Banjarmasin, namely SDN Antasan Kecil Timur 1 and SDN Sungai Andai 4 Banjarmasin. These two schools have a number of advantages in the school partnership program. The research data source is the operationalization of management functions. The research results show that the implementation of school and community partnership management at SDN Banjarmasin Utara has been implemented by the principal together with the school community and has succeeded in overcoming obstacles that arise such as school funding, parent participation and the principal's managerial weaknesses. These obstacles are transformed into a superior school product, so that ultimately the quality of education can be improved by producing graduates who are superior and competitive. Principals of North Banjarmasin District Elementary Schools are expected to optimize the implementation of partnership management so that school goals can be achieved effectively and efficiently. Teachers can carry out tasks in line with the school's goals, making the school's vision, mission, goals and strategies the basis for action. It is hoped that future researchers will be able to research in more depth regarding partnership management in school institutions, so that schools gradually implement partnership management effectively and efficiently.
Molecular Docking, Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 4-[(3 hydroxybenzalidene)amino]antipyrine and its Copper Complex
Authors: Ifeanyichukwu Ilonwa , Eunice Ekpunobi Uche , Ajoko Imomotimi Timipa , Jim-Halliday Tarinimi Tamunosa
Published: December 2023

The synthesis and characterization of Schiff base-containing transition metal complexes have gained increasing importance due to their catalytic roles in various reactions and their biological activities. These metal complexes have become crucial in drug design, leading to a growing interest in metal-based drugs. The study aimed to synthesize copper metal complex with a new Schiff base ligand 4-[(3-hydroxybenzalidene)amino]antipyrine derived from 4-aminoantipyrine and 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, as well as evaluate their antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. The ligand and its copper complex were assessed for antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative strains utilizing disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. Spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, and EDXRF), solubility tests, and elemental analysis were employed to investigate the ligand and copper complex. The ligand displayed high insolubility in various solvents but had limited solubility in chloroform and methyl chloride. The FTIR spectrum of the Schiff base reveals the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons, imine (C=N), hydroxyl (-OH), secondary amine (C-N), carbonyl (C=O), and vibrations associated with C-O and C-C bonds, reflecting its molecular structure. In the EDXRF analysis, a prominent peak at 7.80 keV corresponding to copper was detected, indicating that copper is the most abundant element found in the ligand. XRD analysis demonstrated distinct crystal structures for both the ligand and its copper complex. The UV-Vis spectra of the ligand exhibited an absorption peak at a UV lambda max of 220 nm, indicating a π→π* transition. In contrast, the absorption peaks observed in the copper complex indicated different transitions compared to the Schiff base. The MIC results indicated the copper complex's stronger antimicrobial activity than the Schiff base against tested bacteria. Molecular docking studies showed that the interaction energies of the synthesized compounds, particularly the ligand and copper complex, surpassed that of the well-known anti-diabetic drug, metformin.
Drivers of Manufacturing Export Performance in Nigeria: An Application of the GMM Estimation Approach
Authors: Wahab Bashir Adelowo
Published: December 2023

Manufacturing is an industrial component that is widely regarded as the cornerstone of both social and economic development. This study investigates the drivers of manufacturing export performance in Nigeria for the period 1981-2019. Given the existence of endogeneity problem in the model, the study under a dynamic time series estimation employed GMM estimator. Manufacturing exports performance was measured using growth rate of manufactured exports, percentage of manufacturing export in GDP and manufactured export as percentage of total export. The results show that improvement in the degree of trade openness, increasing manufacturing value added, access to financial services, relative prices and increasing investment level through FDI were found to be the determinant factors that have tendency to enhance manufacturing exports performance in Nigeria. Based on these findings, policy implications include providing adequate financing and increasing credit allocation to the manufacturing sector, as well as implementing policies aimed at promoting access to financial services in order to ensure efficient distribution to the preferred sector. The Nigerian government should implement trade barriers-removal policies while also promoting policies that lead to the country's exceptional advancement. Other policy recommendations derived from the empirical findings are thoroughly discussed in the concluding part of the paper.
The Conclusion of Diabetes Mellitus on Endodontic Treatment Result: A New Appraisal
Authors: Bamanie Ahmed A. , Alturaiki Sami A , Alsilah Saad Dhaifallah , Alshahir Mohammed Abdullah , Alghamdi Fayez Hassan M , Waznah Ahmad Mohammed Abdullah , Alghamdi Ahmed Misfer , Aljarw Bijad Rakan Al
Published: December 2023

Background- The writers used a custom-built electronic utmost agreement to examine endodontic analytical and management consequence measurements in patients with and without diabetes. Methods- The medical histories and endodontic management statistics for nonsurgical endodontic patients treated in predoctoral and postgraduate specialty clinics were entered into an electronic record system. A entire of 5,134 cases (including 284 cases in patients with diabetes) were treated, and 150 cases (including 63 cases in patients with diabetes) had follow-up data two years or additional postoperatively. The writers applied and multivariate evaluates to control significant issues touching endodontic analysis and treatment. Results- Patients with diabetes had enlarged periodontal infection of teeth with endodontic connection associated with patients who did not have diabetes. There was a movement near enlarged suggestive peri-radicular illness in patients with diabetes who conventional insulin, as well as flare ups in all patients with diabetes. Two years or longer post-operatively, 58 percent of cases surveyed were effective. Older age, the absence of preoperative lesions, the presence of permanent restorations and longer postoperative evaluation phases all were supplementary with an effective outcome. A multivariate examination displayed that in cases with preoperative peri-radicular lesions, a history of diabetes was supplementary with a meaningfully complete successful outcome. Conclusions- Patients with diabetes have enlarged periodontal disease in teeth involved endodontically and have a reduced likelihood of success of endodontic treatment in cases with preoperative peri-radicular lesions. Clinical Implications- Patients with diabetes who are preserved endodonticaly should be evaluated carefully and be preserved with operative antimicrobial root canal regimens, mainly in cases with preoperative lesions.
Incidental Finding of Leishmania Donovani Bodies in Bonemarrow Aspiration in a Case of Pancytopenia
Authors: V Bhargavi , Swaroopa Jyothi
Published: December 2023

Leishmaniasis is a tropical infection transmitted to humans by the female sandfly (Phlebotomus argentipes). Leishmaniasis is widely prevalent in the Eastern states of India namely Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal having a hot and humid climate.
Management of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Bloodstream Infections: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre in Oman
Authors: Al-Owaisi Rahma Said , Jayaraj Dhanya , Malviya Manoj N. , Al-Jabri Amal
Published: December 2023

The emergence of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)is a public health concern worldwide. It is associated with increased mortality due to limited antibiotics available to treat CRE infections. The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiology of CRE infections, associated mortality, and available treatment options. All patients with CRE isolated in blood culture were identified between December 2011 and October 2019. Risk factors and mortality associated with each risk factor at 14 and 30 days were determined.55 cases of CRE bloodstream infections were isolated, with a median age of 56 years. Eighty-four percent of patients received treatment in the ICU. All cases were caused by Klebsiella pneumonia. The rate of resistance to the tested antibiotics was as follows: meropenem 92% (50/54), imipenem 75% (40/53), etrapenam 95% (19/20), Amikacin 71% (37/52), cotrimoxazole 73% (40/53), Gentamicin 47% (25/53) and colistin 7% (3/41). Major risk factors associated were the presence of a urinary catheter (84%), central venous catheter (78%), mechanical ventilation (74%) and post-surgery (67%). Mortality at 14 days and 30 days was 41%, and 52%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that 14 days mortality was higher in patients with central venous catheter (P=0.01). Charlson's comorbidity index was associated with an increased risk of death at 30 days (P=0.04). There was no statistically increased survival in those treated with combination therapy at 30 days (P=0.5). The mortality of CRE infections seems to be high and optimal therapy is not yet well defined. Combination therapy is not associated with increased survival in this cohort of patients.
Intensity of Preoperative Pain is a Predictive Factor of Postoperative Pain Following Root Canal Treatment
Authors: A Lecor, P. , M Diagne, , G Diene, M. , S Dieng, , O Niang, S. , B Toure,
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to determine whether the intensity of preoperative pain was a predictive factor for the prevalence and intensity of postoperative pain, considering demographic and clinical variables. The study involved́ 80 teeth with pulpal or periapical pathologies. Root canal treatment was performed in one or two sessions. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale before treatment and then 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h and one week after root canal treatment. The sample consisted of 46 women and 34 men. This study showed́ that postoperative pain was statistically associated with female gender (p=0.05), tooth types (p=0.006), and its location on the mandibular arch (p=0.03). The main finding was that patients with a higher intensity of pre-operative pain had a higher incidence of post-operative pain (p<0.05). In the group of patients who had no pre-operative pain, 63% (17/27) of patients remained asymptomatic after root canal treatment, while only 7.4% (2/27) had severe post-operative pain with a significant difference (p<0.05). However, in the group with severe pre-operative pain, 100% of patients had post-operative pain, of which 75% (15/20) of patients had high levels of pain requiring analgesics.
Comparison between the Old and New Philips Imaging System in the Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: ALQahtani Faleh , Alshammari Majed Battah , Alduhaim Turki Saleh , Alanazi Najla Awadh , Alshehri Jaber Ali , Almasoudi Fatimah Twaileh , Alanazi Abdullah M. , Shahrani Ali Al , Kopadre Uttam , Harbi Nawaf Al , Harbi Yazeed Al , Moutiri Waleed Al , Yousef Mohammed Al , Drim Ibrahim Al , Harbi Abdulrahman Al , AlOtaib Azzam , Algarni Abdulrahman Ayedh dhafer , Barnawi Mustafa Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Background: X-ray systems in the cardiac catheterization laboratory are essential to helping and treating patients best. However, they come at the cost of harming the patients and health workers through unnecessary high exposure to radiation particles. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and the radiation doses of the recent Philips imaging systems Azurion Hybrid OR and the older Philips systems Allura Xper FD 10 and Allura clarity FD 10 in the cardiac catheterization laboratories. Method: A descriptive, comparative research design was utilized, 480 procedures were assessed retrospectively, and all met predetermined inclusion criteria from January 2014 until May 2023. Dose area product, Air Kerma, and Fluoroscopy time (Fluro time) were compared between the three Philips systems, which are Allura Xper FD10/10 R 7.2 and Allura Clarity FD10 R8.2 (old system) and Hybrid Azurion new Philips system. Result: Allura clarity FD 10 and Azurion Hybrid OR were superior to Allura Xper FD 10 in Dose Area Product and Air Kerma (p<0.5). However, fluro time was statistically non-significant among the systems. Conclusion: The latest X-ray imaging systems significantly manage Dose Area Product and Air Kerma levels during medical procedures. Employing these advanced technologies in a cardiac catheterization lab can yield optimal outcomes while minimizing radiation exposure for patients and healthcare personnel.