bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autopercepção negativa da audição e depressão em idosos: um estudo de base populacional
Authors: Paiva Karina Mary de , Samelli Alessandra Giannella , Oliveira Pamela Lopes de , Hillesheim Danúbia , Haas Patrícia , Medeiros Paulo Adão de , d’Orsi Eleonora
Published: April 2023

OBJETIVO: Estimar a associação entre a autopercepção negativa da audição e a depressão em idosos do sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com dados da terceira onda do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso 2017/19, de coorte de base populacional de idosos (60+). Participaram desta onda 1.335 idosos. A variável dependente foi a depressão autorreferida e a exposição principal foi a autopercepção auditiva (negativa; positiva). Tanto para a análise bruta (bivariada) quanto para a ajustada, a odds ratio (OR) foi utilizada como medida de associação e estimada por meio da análise de Regressão Logística Binária. A variável de exposição foi ajustada pelas covariáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Adotou-se o valor de p < 0,05 como estatisticamente significativo. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da autopercepção negativa da audição e depressão foi de 26,0% e 21,8%, respectivamente. Na análise ajustada, idosos com autopercepção negativa da audição apresentaram 1,96 vezes mais chance de referirem depressão quando comparados aos idosos com autopercepção positiva da audição (p = 0,002). CONCLUSÃO: A associação encontrada entre a autopercepção negativa auditiva e a depressão reflete a importância de rever as ações de atenção à saúde do idoso, incorporando questões relacionadas à audição para a garantia da atenção integral a esta parcela crescente da população.
Mechano-Redox Control of Mac-1 De-Adhesion by PDI Promotes Directional Movement Under Flow
Authors: Dupuy Alexander , Aponte-Santamaría Camilo , Yeheskel Adva , Hortle Elinor , Oehlers Stefan H. , Gräter Frauke , Hogg Philip J. , Passam Freda H. , Chiu Joyce
Published: April 2023

Background:

Neutrophil migration is critical to the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1; CD11b/CD18, αMβ2) is a leukocyte integrin essential for firm adhesion to endothelial ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) and migration of neutrophils in the shear forces of the circulation. PDI (protein disulfide isomerase) has been reported to influence neutrophil adhesion and migration. We aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of PDI control of Mac-1 affinity for ICAM-1 during neutrophil migration under fluid shear.

Methods:

Neutrophils isolated from whole blood were perfused over microfluidic chips coated with ICAM-1. Colocalization of Mac-1 and PDI on neutrophils was visualized by fluorescently labeled antibodies and confocal microscopy. The redox state of Mac-1 disulfide bonds was mapped by differential cysteine alkylation and mass spectrometry. Wild-type or disulfide mutant Mac-1 was expressed recombinantly in Baby Hamster Kidney cells to measure ligand affinity. Mac-1 conformations were measured by conformation-specific antibodies and molecular dynamics simulations. Neutrophils crawling on immobilized ICAM-1 were measured in presence of oxidized or reduced PDI, and the effect of PDI inhibition using isoquercetin on neutrophil crawling on inflamed endothelial cells was examined. Migration indices in the X- and Y-direction were determined and the crawling speed was calculated.

Results:

PDI colocalized with high-affinity Mac-1 at the trailing edge of stimulated neutrophils when crawling on ICAM-1 under fluid shear. PDI cleaved 2 allosteric disulfide bonds, C169-C176 and C224-C264, in the βI domain of the β2 subunit, and cleavage of the C224-C264 disulfide bond selectively controls Mac-1 disengagement from ICAM-1 under fluid shear. Molecular dynamics simulations and conformation-specific antibodies reveal that cleavage of the C224-C264 bond induces conformational change and mechanical stress in the βI domain. This allosterically alters the exposure of an αI domain epitope associated with a shift of Mac-1 to a lower-affinity state. These molecular events promote neutrophil motility in the direction of flow at high shear stress. Inhibition of PDI by isoquercetin reduces neutrophil migration in the direction of flow on endothelial cells during inflammation.

Conclusions:

Shear-dependent PDI cleavage of the neutrophil Mac-1 C224-C264 disulfide bond triggers Mac-1 de-adherence from ICAM-1 at the trailing edge of the cell and enables directional movement of neutrophils during inflammation.
Effect of COVID-19 on Acute Ischemic Stroke Severity and Mortality in 2020: Results From the 2020 National Inpatient Sample
Authors: de Havenon Adam , Zhou Lily W. , Yaghi Shadi , Frontera Jennifer A. , Sheth Kevin N.
Published: April 2023

Background:

There is a paucity of nationally representative data regarding the impact of COVID-19 on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcome.

Methods:

We created a cross-sectional cohort of nationally weighted National Inpatient Sample nonelective hospital discharges aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke from 2016 to 2020. The outcome was in-hospital mortality and exposure was COVID-19 status. To understand the effect of COVID-19 on AIS severity, we report National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale by exposure status. In a final analysis, we used a nationally weighted logistic regression and marginal effects to compare April to December 2020 to the same period in 2019 to understand how the pandemic modified the effect of race and ethnicity and median household income on in-hospital AIS mortality.

Results:

We observed significantly higher AIS mortality in 2020 than prior years (2020 versus 2016-19, 7.3% versus 6.3%,
P
<0.001) and higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in those with COVID-19 than those without (mean: 9.7±9.1 versus 6.6±7.4,
P
<0.001), but patients with AIS without COVID in 2020 had only marginally higher mortality (2020 versus 2016–2019, 6.6% versus 6.3%,
P
=0.001). Comparing April to December 2020 to 2019, the adjusted risk of in-hospital AIS mortality was most notably increased in Hispanics (2020 versus 2019: 9.2% versus 5.8%,
P
<0.001) and the lowest quartile of income (2020 versus 2019: 8.0% versus 6.0%,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

In-hospital stroke mortality increased in 2020 in the United States because of comorbid AIS and COVID-19, which had higher stroke severity. The increase in AIS mortality during April-December 2020 was significantly more pronounced in Hispanics and those in the lowest quartile of household income.
Theoretical Analyses of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms on Multimodal Objectives*
Authors: Zheng Weijie , Doerr Benjamin
Published: April 2023

Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms are successfully applied in many real-world multiobjective optimization problems. As for many other AI methods, the theoretical understanding of these algorithms is lagging far behind their success in practice. In particular, previous theory work considers mostly easy problems that are composed of unimodal objectives.

As a first step towards a deeper understanding of how evolutionary algorithms solve multimodal multiobjective problems, we propose the OneJumpZeroJump problem, a bi-objective problem composed of two objectives isomorphic to the classic jump function benchmark. We prove that the simple evolutionary multiobjective optimizer (SEMO) with probability one does not compute the full Pareto front, regardless of the runtime. In contrast, for all problem sizes n and all jump sizes k∈[4..n2-1], the global SEMO (GSEMO) covers the Pareto front in an expected number of Θ((n-2k)nk) iterations. For k=o(n), we also show the tighter bound 32enk+1±o(nk+1), which might be the first runtime bound for an MOEA that is tight apart from lower-order terms. We also combine the GSEMO with two approaches that showed advantages in single-objective multimodal problems. When using the GSEMO with a heavy-tailed mutation operator, the expected runtime improves by a factor of at least kΩ(k). When adapting the recent stagnation-detection strategy of Rajabi and Witt (2022) to the GSEMO, the expected runtime also improves by a factor of at least kΩ(k) and surpasses the heavy-tailed GSEMO by a small polynomial factor in k. Via an experimental analysis, we show that these asymptotic differences are visible already for small problem sizes: A factor-5 speed-up from heavy-tailed mutation and a factor-10 speed-up from stagnation detection can be observed already for jump size 4 and problem sizes between 10 and 50. Overall, our results show that the ideas recently developed to aid single-objective evolutionary algorithms to cope with local optima can be effectively employed also in multiobjective optimization.
Virtual Reality for Telecollaboration Among Teachers of an Additional Language: Insights from the Multimodal (Inter)action Analysis
Authors: Liaw Meei-Ling
Published: April 2023

As digital communication technologies advance, newer and more sophisticated cutting-edge ICT tools are being used for telecollaboration, including virtual reality (VR). Researchers have applied different models and approaches of multimodal analysis to understand the specific features of VR on students’ language learning (Dubovi, 2022; Friend & Mills, 2021) and intercultural communication (Rustam et al., 2020). Nevertheless, very little has been done to look into language teacher telecollaboration via VR technologies. This present study recruited student teachers of an additional language (LX) (Dewaele, 2017) from different geographical locations and cultural backgrounds to participate in a project aimed at cultivating their critical views on LX teaching and intercultural communication skills. The participants interacted and discussed LX teaching/learning issues in VR environments. Their interactions were video recorded and analyzed. By applying multimodal (inter)action analysis (MIA) (Norris, 2004) as the analytical framework, this study systematically unpacked the thematical saliencies and significant moments of the participating LX teachers’ intercultural interaction in the three VR meetings. Not only did they take on different approaches when hosting the meetings, but they also shifted attention/awareness during the intercultural communication processes. As communication became complex, they were challenged to overcome differences to reach the goal of collaborative LX teacher intercultural learning. Based on the findings and limitations of the present study, suggestions and caveats for future design and research of intercultural telecollaboration in VR environments are provided.
AR Cinema: Visual Storytelling and Embodied Experiences with Augmented Reality Filters and Backgrounds
Authors: O'Meara Jennifer , Szita Kata
Published: April 2023

Through the simultaneous presence of graphically composed and materially existing elements, augmented reality (AR) offers ephemeral digital content that is the result of the momentary and, thus, unrepeatable alignment of a physical body and world and an AR system. Capturing the performative and embodied angles of screen-based AR through a combined film-analytical and cognitive lens, this paper focuses on how interfaces, content, and AR-manipulated bodies serve as apparatus for cinematic composition as well as storytelling and user engagement. Observing interactions with AR filters and backgrounds, we reflect on how users’ bodies and expressions that are mirrored on screen are translated into an immersive digital storyworld that exists in the temporal and spatial context of the AR experience and the related technology. AR filters and backgrounds’ affective quality, thus, lies in bodily control and in the creative act of choosing and moderating body characteristics, postures, and positions in real time in relation to the surrounding digitally manipulated or recorded environment. By moderating the representations of bodies and spaces as well as their interplay, AR users actively shape the visual composition of the on-screen space and, thereby, the visual narrative.
Understanding Maternal Rewards and Their Subtypes between Gender and Culture with Adolescents
Authors: Summers-Gabr Nicole M.
Published: April 2023

The effects of parent rewards on youth outcomes have been studied extensively; however, research has not systematically categorized parent rewards. Centralizing the analysis of rewards within a given study would help compare the prevalence of reward types at superordinate and subordinate levels. Moreover, it could reveal which level is the most effective for assessing cultural group similarities and differences in a globalizing world. Mother-child conversations between European-American (n = 51) and Hispanic-American (n = 44) dyads were transcribed. A content analysis assessed material and social reward talk themes and created new subthemes. A series of 2 (culture) × 2 (gender) ANCOVAs assessed cultural differences in reward talk themes and subthemes. Results revealed the prevalence of certain reward subthemes, like praise, significantly differed by cultural group. In conclusion, investigations with different cultural groups should consider reward talk on a subordinate level rather than superordinate.
Three Men Make a Tiger: The Effect of Consensus Testimony on Chinese and U.S. Children’s Judgments about Possibility
Authors: Nissel Jenny , Li Hui , Cramer Amanda , Woolley Jacqueline D.
Published: April 2023

In this study, we ask whether consensus testimony affects children’s judgments of the possibility of improbable and impossible events. Fifty-six U.S. and Chinese 8-year-olds made possibility judgments before and after hearing three speakers affirm or deny the possibility of improbable and impossible events. Results indicated that whereas both U.S. and Chinese children altered their judgments in the direction of the consensus testimony, this effect was stronger for Chinese children. U.S. children were particularly receptive to consensus for improbable events and when the consensus provided correct information, whereas Chinese children were similarly willing to change their judgment regardless of event type and the validity of the testimony. We propose that the extent of the influence of testimony on possibility judgments varies based on cultural setting. Our findings have potential applications for domains that require evaluation of counterintuitive claims, like religious and scientific education.
Morality is in the Cultural Eye of the Beholder: A Situation Sampling Study
Authors: Matsuo Akiko
Published: April 2023

Shweder et al. (1997) proposed the three domains of morality: Autonomy, Community, and Divinity. This study used situation sampling to explore how people from Japan and the U.S. interpret moral transgressions provided in their own and another cultural context. Specifically, the analysis tested whether participants with one cultural background recognize culturally congruent moral transgressions as violations more frequently and feel more harshly towards them than culturally incongruent domains. Furthermore, the extent of evocation caused by the home and another culture was investigated. This study asked 102 Japanese and 168 U.S. participants to judge which domain would be primarily involved in each transgression and to rate their wrongness. Participants showed a higher perceived magnitude of transgressions in culturally valued domains provided by in-group than outside members. Cross-cultural differences in morality and future directions are discussed.
Dangerous Speech: A Cross-Cultural Study of Dehumanization and Revenge
Authors: Kiper Jordan , Lillie Christine , Wilson Richard A. , Knapp Brock , Gwon Yeongjin , Harris Lasana T.
Published: April 2023

Dehumanization is routinely invoked in social science and law as the primary factor in explaining how propaganda encourages support for, or participation in, violence against targeted outgroups. Yet the primacy of dehumanization is increasingly challenged by the apparent influence of revenge on collective violence. This study examines critically how various propaganda influence audiences. Although previous research stresses the dangers of dehumanizing propaganda, a recently published study found that only revenge propaganda significantly lowered outgroup empathy. Given the importance of these findings for law and the behavioral sciences, this research augments that recent study with two additional samples that were culturally distinct from the prior findings, showing again that only revenge propaganda was significant. To explore this effect further, we also conducted a facial electromyography (fEMG) among a small set of participants, finding that revenge triggered significantly stronger negative emotions against outgroups than dehumanization.
The R.A.S.H. Mentality of Radicalization
Authors: Lienard Pierre , Moncrieff Michael
Published: April 2023

In the study of the process of radicalization, precedence has been given to answering ‘how’ questions over the exact qualification of the concept of radicalization itself. What does it mean to be radicalized? What are the cognitive entailments of such state? What are the features that make radicalization recognizable? We rely on a game theoretic model to characterize the essence of what it is to be radicalized. Our model of the radicalized agent’s rational behavior elucidates his construal of typical social transactions. We further propose that the rationality of the radicalized mind entails a cognitive calibration specifying a modality of thought we call the R.A.S.H. mentality. It incorporates a particular risk preference (that action is always optimal) and attitude (that one’s temerity calls for requital) which are both essential aspects of the radicalized mind. The R.A.S.H. mentality throw in a new light core findings of the radicalization literature.
Descriptions of twenty-three new mirine species from Japan, with a key to genera of the tribe Mirini, updating the Japanese fauna (Hemiptera: Miridae: Mirinae)
Authors: Yasunaga Tomohide
Published: April 2023

The Japanese fauna of the plant bug tribe Mirini, now represented by 212 species in 62 genera, is updated. Twenty-three species in six genera including a new genus are proposed herein: Apolygus China (14 spp.), Charagochilus Fieber (2 spp.) Exolygocoris gen. n. (1 sp.), Mermitelocerus Reuter (1 sp.), Neolygus Knight (3 spp.), Polymerus Hahn (1 sp.) and Proboscidocoris Reuter (1 sp.), are described as new to science. Apolygopsis miniacea (Yasunaga & Yasunaga) comb. n. and Argenis takahashii (Yasunaga) comb. n. are transferred from Apolygus and Tinginotum, respectively. Mermitelocerus prasinus Reuter stat. n. and Orientomiris nigripes Yasunaga stat. n., originally described as a subspecies of M. annulipes and O. yaeyamanus, respectively, are upgraded to the species level, based on reevaluation of morphological characters. Apolygus syringae (Kerzhner), which has been regarded as a junior synonym of A. hilaris (Horváth), is reinstated as valid and rediagnosed. A checklist and a key are provided for all known Japanese genera.
“A victim of his obstinate devotion to the cause of the unhappy Armenian race”
Authors: Chrissochoidis Ilias
Published: April 2023

The sudden death of Rev. George P. Knapp (1863–1915), head of the American Mission in Bitlis and pioneer investigator of the Armenian genocide, has remained unresolved for over a century. A hitherto ignored deposition from 1919 describes his tragic last days and murder by Turkish gendarmes escorting him to Diarbekir.
On the Foundation and Different Interpretations of Ensemble Sensitivity
Authors: Duc Le , Kawabata Takuya , Hotta Daisuke
Published: April 2023

In sensitivity analysis, ensemble sensitivity is defined as the regression coefficients resulting from a simple linear regression of changes of a response function on initial perturbations. One of the interpretations for ensemble sensitivity considers this a simplified version of regression-based adjoint sensitivity called univariate ensemble sensitivity whose derivation involves the so-called diagonal approximation. This approximation, which replaces the analysis error covariance matrix by a diagonal matrix with the same diagonal, helps to avoid inversion of the analysis error covariance, but, at the same time causes confusion in understanding and practical application of ensemble sensitivity. However, some authors have challenged such a controversial interpretation by showing that univariate ensemble sensitivity is multivariate in nature, which raises the necessity for the foundation of ensemble sensitivity. In this study, we have tried to resolve the confusion by establishing a robust foundation for ensemble sensitivity without relying on the controversial diagonality assumption. As employed in some studies, we adopt an impact-based definition for ensemble sensitivity by taking into account probability distributions of analysis perturbations. The mathematical results show that standardized ensemble sensitivity carries in itself three important quantities at the same time: 1) standardized changes of the forecast response with one standard deviation changes of individual state variables, 2) correlations between the forecast response and individual state variables, and 3) the most sensitive analysis perturbation. The theory guarantees validity of ensemble sensitivity, demonstrates its multivariate nature, and explains why ensemble sensitivity is effective in practice.
Finger Puppets to Support Early Language Development: Effects of a Primary Care-Based Intervention in Infancy
Authors: Domek Gretchen J. , Szafran Lauren Heller , Allison Mandy , Kempe Allison , Jimenez-Zambrano Andrea , Silveira Lori , Camp Bonnie
Published: April 2023

Verbally rich interactions beginning in early infancy are critical to future vocabulary development. We explored the effectiveness of introducing finger puppets in the primary care setting to support caregiver-infant interactions. The intervention cohort was given a puppet at 2 months, with high dosage defined as using the puppet daily in the first 2 weeks. At 6 months, a usual care cohort was enrolled, and outcome measures were collected for all participants. For the intervention, 92% (n = 70) of those eligible participated, and 80% (n = 56) completed the 6-month visit. For usual care, 78% (n = 60) of those eligible participated. In per-protocol analysis, overall cognitive stimulation (StimQ-I) ( P = .04) and Parental Involvement in Developmental Advance subscale ( P = .03) scores were higher for the high-dosage group (28.68, 5.16) than those for the low-dosage (24.81, 4.48) and usual care (24.15, 3.98) groups. Finger puppets may provide a low-cost and scalable way to support early language and child development.
Regulating for gender equality in the Australian Public Service: Extending Dickens’ tripod of regulation
Authors: Williamson Sue , Colley Linda
Published: April 2023

Western governments have used regulation to progress gender equality for workforces in both the private and public sectors, yet gender equality has not yet been achieved. While governments have used various regulatory forms, Dickens (1999) argued that a tripod of collective bargaining, legislation and human resource policy would progress gender equality. Little consideration has been given to how these elements of the tripod fit together. We apply Dickens’ tripod to examine the regulation of gender equality in one Australian public sector. We use institutional analysis, drawing on historical and current documents, legislation, collective bargaining frameworks and human resource policy to examine how the regulatory tripod interlocks, and whether renewed commitments to public sector gender equality can be achieved in the current regulatory environment. We identify regulatory incongruence within the Australian public service and argue for improved congruence to progress gender equality, although we also note that congruence on its own does not lead to better outcomes. We identify that the legs of the tripod are not mutually reinforcing and that all legs need to be supported by better implementation. We extend Dicken's tripod to provide a new path to progress public sector workplace gender equality, enriching both theory and practice.
Dental implants in large animal models with experimental systemic diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Matos Flávia Gomes , Stremel Anna Clara Abreu , Lipinski Leandro Cavalcante , Cirelli Joni Augusto , dos Santos Fábio André
Published: April 2023

This systematic review aims to identify and discuss the most used methodologies in pre-clinical studies for the evaluation of the implementation of dental implants in systemically compromised pigs and sheep. This study provides support and guidance for future research, as well as for the prevention of unnecessary animal wastage and sacrifice. Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used as a guideline; electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Web of Science, Embase, Science Direct, Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Directory of Open Access Journals, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and gray literature until January 2022 (PROSPERO/CRD42021270119). Sixty-eight articles were chosen from the 2439 results. Most studies were conducted in pigs, mainly the Göttinger and Domesticus breeds. Healthy animals with implants installed in the jaws were predominant among the pig studies. Of the studies evaluating the effect of systemic diseases on osseointegration, 42% were performed in osteoporotic sheep, 32% in diabetic sheep, and 26% in diabetic pigs. Osteoporosis was primarily induced by bilateral ovariectomy and mainly assessed by X-ray densitometry. Diabetes was induced predominantly by intravenous streptozotocin and was confirmed by blood glucose analysis. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were the most frequently employed in the evaluation of osseointegration. The animal models presented unique methodologies for each species in the studies that evaluated dental implants in the context of systemic diseases. Understanding the most commonly used techniques will help methodological choices and the performance of future studies in implantology.
A fine grid cellular automaton model for pedestrian evacuation considering the effect of an obstacle
Authors: Yuan Xiao-Ting , Tang Tie-Qiao , Chen Liang , Wang Tao
Published: April 2023

A cellular automaton (CA) model with a finer discretization of space is proposed to simulate a non-emergency evacuation process in a room with an obstacle. During the evacuation process, a triangle “evading region” phenomenon has been observed through simulation and experiment on the upstream side of the spatial obstacle. In this paper, we use a simple method to generate an obstacle floor field corresponding to the triangle. We investigate the relationship between the pedestrian trajectories and the obstacle’s position. We also study the effect of the obstacle on evacuation time and average evacuation speed. Our study provides insights into the simulation of obstacle avoidance behavior of pedestrians in simple scenarios.
Community Nurses Are Important Providers of Continuity of Care for Patients With Chronic Diseases: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ge Jinjin , Zhang Yongfang , Fan Enfang , Yang Xi , Chu Liping , Zhou Xiaoling , Yan Yuzhong , Liu Weiqun
Published: April 2023

To clarify the functional orientation of community health nurses in the continuous care of patients with chronic diseases and to encourage community nurses to play their expected roles in extended nursing work. In this study, conducted from May to July 2020, the staff of Shanghai Community Health Service Center were sampled, and representative medical staff were selected for in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Eighteen community medical staff members participated. The functions of community nurses in the continuous care of patients with chronic diseases are mainly as follows: ① undertaking individualized projects for patients’ continuous treatment, nursing and rehabilitation; ② creating “peer education” conditions for patients; ③ providing supportive care to family caregivers; and ④ participating in the whole process of family doctor team health management. The results provide a reminder for nurse managers that under the new mission, community nurses need “one specialty and multiple abilities,” appropriate nursing technology and good health management skills. The training of community nurses should better meet the practical needs of patients with chronic diseases.
The Effects of Corrective Strategies on Romantic Belief Endorsement
Authors: Moore Melissa M. , Green Melanie C. , Ophir Yotam , Wang Hua
Published: April 2023

Romantic comedies have long been understood to create unrealistic views of relationships. In the current study, we tested theory-driven corrective strategies for counteracting potentially harmful beliefs about romantic relationships. In an online experiment ( N = 626), participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: to a no exposure control, to watch a romantic comedy scene without correction, to read a corrective article before viewing, or to read a corrective article before viewing and complete a counterarguing exercise after viewing. Results showed that both corrective treatments significantly reduced romantic belief endorsement. We also investigated narrative engagement factors as mediators of these effects. Media enjoyment, realism of specific scenes, and overall movie realism each mediated the effect of corrections on romantic belief endorsement. Our findings suggest theory-driven corrective strategies are effective for reducing idealistic beliefs associated with entertainment media and highlight key persuasive variables for future interventions.
Revisiting “the Great Divergence”: Clarifying the Two Major Modes of Agriculture in China and the West
Authors: Huang Philip C. C.
Published: April 2023

Kenneth Pomeranz and Li Bozhong have recently conceded that they had been wrong that “the great divergence” between China and the West occurred only after 1800, but they continue to insist that when it came to agriculture and its labor productivity, their earlier argument still holds. This article summarizes the broad differences between eighteenth-century England’s crops cum animal husbandry agriculture and China’s crops-only agriculture to demonstrate the fundamental differences between the two. It is time we recognize fully how very different the two were and are, and how and why each follows an entirely different pattern to modern development. It is simply wrong to continue to obscure those basic differences by insisting on equivalence between them.
Optimized adaptive filtering for fault estimation of the dynamics of high-speed train based on robust extended Kalman filter
Authors: Liang Tiantian , Li Kexin , Wang Yingdong , Wang Mao
Published: April 2023

In this paper, an optimized adaptive robust extended Kalman filter is proposed based on random weighting factors and an improved whale optimization algorithm for fault estimation of the dynamics of high-speed trains with constant time delays, drastically changing noise and stochastic uncertainties. Robust upper bounds are proposed to improve the performance of the extended Kalman filter by decreasing the influence of the linearization error on filtering for the dynamics of high-speed trains with constant time delays, and its robustness is proven to guarantee the feasibility of the proposed upper bounds. Furthermore, considering drastically changing noise with unknown statistics, a random weighting adaptive algorithm is proposed to implement unbiased noise estimation so that the robust extended Kalman filter can still be implemented well. In addition, a differential evolution algorithm and adaptive parameter are introduced to improve the performance of the whale optimization algorithm so that the stochastic uncertainties are optimized, and the influence of the stochastic uncertainties on filtering is further decreased. The simulation results in the three conditions show that, compared with the variational Bayes adaptive iterated extended Kalman filter, using the proposed method, the position, speed and fault estimation errors are decreased by 31.8%, 33.2% and 28.3%, respectively, on average, which depends on more accurate noise estimation.
Cervical Cutaneous Emphysema after Laser Microsurgery for Treatment of Laryngeal Cancer: Case Report
Authors: Hakim Tawil Jose Antonio , Granados Nicolas , Santivañez Juan Jose
Published: April 2023

Laser laryngectomy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that offers advantages such as precise and limited resections, magnification of the surgical field by microscopy, and improved patient outcomes. However, it is not without risks, and intraoperative complications have been reported, including cervical-cutaneous emphysema. This case report presents a rare complication of cervical-cutaneous emphysema after laser laryngectomy occurring in a 57-year-old patient with glottic carcinoma. The patient underwent laser cordectomy, and after an uneventful procedure, the patient experienced an intense coughing episode followed by swelling and progressive emphysema. The patient was kept under surveillance in the intensive care unit and received ampicillin sulbactam, protective orotracheal intubation, and voice rest. The patient had a good clinical evolution, and the emphysema resolved within 8–10 days. This case highlights the importance of prompt recognition and management of complications that can arise from laser laryngectomy. Although this technique offers several advantages, it is not risk-free, and intraoperative complications can occur. As such, careful consideration and patient selection are important to minimize the risks and achieve successful outcomes.
Consideration of the Clinical Diagnosis of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Xu Tao , Guo Xiao-Tao , Zhou Yi-Cui , Zhou Qian , Wang Yin-Feng
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is characterized by refractory and high recurrence rate. Improper treatment may lead to repeated recurrence and even serious complications, including vision loss, blindness, and intracranial complications. However, AFRS is easy to be misdiagnosed clinically.

Objective

To ensure early diagnosis, the clinical presentations of patients with AFRS were studied.

Methods

Data from patients with sinusitis hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) from January 2015 to October 2022 were collected. The patients were divided into three groups; group A patients with AFRS, group B patients suspected of AFRS, and group C patients with fungus ball sinusitis (FBS).We retrospectively analyzed the data using IBM SPSS 19.0 to perform the chi-square test and one-way ANOVA test.

Results

In total, 35 cases of AFRS, 91 cases of suspected AFRS, and 661 cases of FBS were rediagnosed. Compared with FBS patients, AFRS patients were younger, the total IgE, the percentage of eosinophils and basophils in peripheral blood were higher, and the proportion of patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma or hypo olfactory was higher. It had a higher recurrence rate. These results were also observed in the comparison between suspected AFRS patients and FBS patients, but no significant difference was found in the comparison between suspected AFRS patients and suspected AFRS patients.

Conclusions and Significance

AFRS may be misdiagnosed due to the low detection of fungi. To ensure early diagnosis, we recommend that patients with clinical, radiological, and laboratory features similar to those of AFRS but without evidence of fungal staining be treated according to the treatment criteria of AFRS.
Go for Economic Transformation and Development in China: Financial Development, Higher Education, and Green Technology Evolution
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxiao , Hu Xinyue , Duan Mei , Peng Licheng , Zhao Xin
Published: April 2023

Technology innovation is the key driving force in achieving economic transformation and development. Financial development and the expansion of higher education can promote technological progress primarily by easing financing constraints and improving the level of human capital. This study examines the impact of financial development and higher education expansion on green technology innovation. It conducts an empirical analysis by constructing a linear panel model and a nonlinear threshold model. The present study sample is based on the urban panel data of China from 2003–2019. (1) Financial development can significantly promote the expansion of higher education. (2) The expansion of higher education can improve energy and environment-based technological progress. (3) Financial development can both directly and indirectly promote green technology evolution by expanding higher education. The joint financial development and higher education expansion can significantly empower green technology innovation. (4) In the process of promoting green technology innovation, financial development has a non-linear influence on it, with higher education as the threshold. The effect of financial development on green technology innovation varies according to the degree of higher education. Based on these findings, we put forward policy proposals for green technology innovation to promote economic transformation and development in China.
Sleep, Activity, and Nutrition Among an Army Sample: Strengths, Deficits, and Demographic Differences
Authors: Santo Theresa Jackson , Brown Jill A. , Hawkins Stacy Ann , Whittaker Kerry S. , Liu Kristine , Teyhen BG Deydre S.
Published: April 2023

Sleep, activity, and nutrition (SAN) are key components in overall health, and an individual’s knowledge about and self-confidence to engage in healthy SAN behaviors can have an impact on their actions. This evaluation examined SAN knowledge, self-confidence, and behaviors among U.S. Army Soldiers prior to participating in a health promotion program. Baseline surveys from participating Soldiers provide evidence in this evaluation. U.S. Army Soldiers ( N = 11,485) participating in a health promotion program completed surveys. Participants completed an online survey assessing SAN knowledge, self-confidence, and behaviors (among other constructs). We examined the common patterns of SAN behaviors, the associations between them, and the differences based on gender and rank. Knowledge, self-confidence, and behaviors were correlated within each of the three SAN domains. Men reported more aerobic exercise ( d = .48) and more resistance training ( d = .34) per week than women. Officers reported greater self-confidence in their ability to consume a post-exercise snack (i.e., refuel; d = .38), greater refueling behaviors ( d = .43), greater activity knowledge ( d = .33), and greater self-confidence in their ability to achieve activity goals ( d ranging from .33 to .39), compared to enlisted Soldiers. Finally, greater confidence in one’s ability to achieve healthy sleep correlated with getting more sleep, both during workweek ( r = .56, p < .001) and weekend ( r = .25, p < .001). These baseline data support the need for health promotion of SAN behaviors among these Soldiers.
Emotional Intelligence: A Novel Factor Influencing Hypertension Self-Management
Authors: Alaamri Marym , Martin Richard J. , Burant Christopher , Dolansky Mary A. , Hickman Ronald L.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine associations among emotional intelligence, quality of patient-provider interaction, and hypertension (HTN) self-management behaviors. A convenience sample of 90 adults (predominately African American women) with primary HTN were recruited from an urban ambulatory internal medicine clinic. Multivariate linear regression models were used to determine the predictive associations among the study variables. Emotional intelligence was associated with the quality of the patient-provider interaction ( r = 0.34; p < .001), patient activation ( r = 0.56; p < .001), and medication use ( r = 0.26; p = .006). The patient-provider interaction was associated with higher states of patient activation ( r = 0.42; p < .001) and medication use behavior ( r = 0.29; p = .002). Also, the quality of patient-provider interaction partially mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and self-management behaviors. Emotional intelligence is a promising patient factor that influences quality of patient-provider interaction and self-management behaviors.
Professional Adaptation Experiences of Chinese Migrant Nurses in Australia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zhong Yaping , McKenna Lisa , Copnell Beverley , Zhao Wenjuan , Moss Cheryle
Published: April 2023

Chinese-educated nurses are increasingly important to the international labor market. This study aimed to examine how Chinese migrant nurses adapt and evolve professionally while pursuing nursing careers in Australia, using a qualitative descriptive approach. A total of 17 Chinese-educated nurses were recruited by purposive and snowball sampling in Australia during 2017. Data were collected by individual semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Three central themes and eight subthemes were generated. Perceived differences in nursing involved: work options and flexibility, professional autonomy and independence, and freedom of expressing professional opinions. Elements comprising challenges to adaptation included communication barriers, nursing workload and responsibilities, and collegial relationships. Participants’ professional transition journeys were accompanied by two key areas of self-evolution: Embracing the authentic self and embracing individual differences. Our findings have important implications for migrant-host nursing workforce integration in Australia and internationally.
The Drivers of Stress in Women Employees Caused by the Pandemic COVID-2019
Authors: Pandita Deepika , Agarwal Vartika , Singh Seema
Published: April 2023

The rationale of this article is to study and evaluate the stress faced by individuals, especially Indian working women within their families, during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this study, the authors aim to highlight the impact of the pandemic on Indian women grappling with mental and emotional distress. For this study, primary research techniques have been used. A survey instrument was constructed and circulated among women working from home or employees of any firm. Based on the survey, focused group interviews were conducted with randomly selected females. The total responses for this study were 203. The study results were collated and a statistical analysis of multivariate regression was used to conclude the findings. From this study, three factors contributed to the overall stress levels faced by working women induced by the COVID-19 pandemic: depression, nervousness and anxiety. Many studies have examined healthcare workers and their stress levels during the global pandemic. However, there is little literature on Indian working women, especially those working in I.T. and manufacturing companies. This article aims to identify the factors that can lead to stress and burnout in Indian working women specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic.
On Don Juan and Beyond: Masculinity Studies in Modern Spain
Authors: Díaz Freire José Javier
Published: April 2023

The prominence of the figure of Don Juan marks the Spanish literature on masculinities which will be analyzed in this article. This distinctive trait, obvious when comparing it to English-speaking masculinity studies, is responsible for the highest achievements of masculinity studies in Spain. Those studies benefit from the fact that the figure of Don Juan is a stylization of modern masculinity. Other historiographies could also benefit from it, but for that to happen, Spanish scholars must intensify their dialogue with those historiographies. A critical thinking on masculinities based on Don Juan will not be beneficial, however, if Don Juan is taken as a description of a specific territory, whether it be Castile, Spain or Latin America. Beyond Don Juan, the relation between masculinity and nation and with other phenomena on the process of modernization has concentrated a good deal of effort among Spanish scholars; this article contends that the figure of Don Juan could shed new light on that field of research.
‘The Falange Changed Our Way of Being Completely’: Women and Gender Identity in Spanish Fascism
Authors: Cenarro Ángela
Published: April 2023

Women's and gender history has broadened our knowledge of the Franco dictatorship by incorporating new perspectives and categories of analysis. The Women's Section of the Falange, a topic that has attracted progressively greater attention since the 1990s, has been analyzed mainly as a mechanism of female subordination and as a differentiated sphere for women's agency. This dual approach follows to a great extent the ground rules established in ongoing debates on other European experiences of fascism. This article intends to offer ways of surmounting some dichotomies (e.g., subordinated/emancipated, victims/perpetrators) that have underpinned the analysis of women during the dictatorship. Accordingly, an attempt will be made to explore how the Falangists constructed a collective subjectivity from their own notions of their political culture – Spanish fascism – and a specific war experience that had shaped them as subjects. And, from this perspective, the article offers an understanding of their agency in a context in which the ‘victory’ of the military uprising had led to a process of reconstructing political and social power.
The critical determinants impacting artificial intelligence adoption at the organizational level
Authors: Horani Omar Mohammed , Al-Adwan Ahmad Samed , Yaseen Husam , Hmoud Hazar , Al-Rahmi Waleed Mugahed , Alkhalifah Ali
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate the main technological and socio-environmental factors influencing the adoption intentions with regard to AI-based technologies at the organizational level. A conceptual model based on innovation diffusion theory (DOI) and the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework is proposed and tested empirically using survey-based data collected from 512 senior IT/IS managers in public/private organizations located in Jordan. The results indicate that relative advantage, top management support, cost-effectiveness, competitive pressure, vendor support, compatibility, AI strategic alignment and availability of resources, positively influence the intention to adopt AI-based technologies. The analysis demonstrated that the influence of market uncertainty on adoption intentions is insignificant. It was found that government regulation and complexity negatively influence adoption intentions. The findings of the study would be valuable for AI-based technology providers, IT managers and top management in organizations, and government bodies, in terms of building effective policies to promote the successful adoption of AI-based technologies.