bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
F-BAR domain protein Rga7 collaborates with Cdc15 and Imp2 to ensure proper cytokinesis in fission yeast
Authors: Martín-García Rebeca , Coll Pedro M. , Pérez Pilar
Published: July 2014

F-BAR domain proteins act as linkers between the cell cortex and cytoskeleton and are involved in membrane binding and bending. Rga7 is one of the seven F-BAR proteins present in fission yeast. In addition to the F-BAR domain at the N-terminal region, Rga7 possesses a Rho-GAP domain at its C-terminus. We show here that Rga7 is necessary to prevent contracting ring fragmentation and incorrect septum synthesis. Accordingly, cultures of cells lacking Rga7 contain a higher percentage of dividing cells and more frequent asymmetric or aberrant septa, which ultimately may cause cell death. Rga7 F-BAR domain is necessary for the protein localization to the division site and to the cell tips and also for the Rga7 roles in cytokinesis. In contrast, Rga7 GAP catalytic activity seems to be dispensable. Moreover, we demonstrate that Rga7 cooperates with the two F-BAR proteins Cdc15 and Imp2 to ensure proper cytokinesis. We have also detected association of Rga7 with Imp2, and its binding partners Fic1 and Pxl1. Altogether, our findings suggest that Rga7 forms part of a protein complex that coordinates late stages of cytokinesis.
ER-phagy mediates selective degradation of endoplasmic reticulum independently of the core autophagy machinery
Authors: Schuck Sebastian , Gallagher Ciara M. , Walter Peter
Published: July 2014

Selective autophagy of damaged or redundant organelles is an important mechanism for maintaining cell homeostasis. We found previously that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae causes massive ER expansion and triggers the formation of large ER whorls. Here, we show that stress-induced ER whorls are selectively taken up into the vacuole, the yeast lysosome, by a process termed ER-phagy. Import into the vacuole does not involve autophagosomes but occurs through invagination of the vacuolar membrane, indicating that ER-phagy is topologically equivalent to microautophagy. Even so, ER-phagy requires neither the core autophagy machinery nor several other proteins specifically implicated in microautophagy. Thus, autophagy of ER whorls represents a distinct type of organelle-selective autophagy. Finally, we provide evidence that ER-phagy degrades excess ER membrane, suggesting that it contributes to cell homeostasis by controlling organelle size.
Effects of Pressure and Temperature on Gas Diffusion and Flow for Primary and Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery
Authors: Cai Yidong , Pan Zhejun , Liu Dameng , Zheng Guiqiang , Tang Shuheng , Connell Luke D , Yao Yanbin , Zhou Yingfang
Published: July 2014

Due to the rapid increase of coalbed methane (CBM) exploration and development activities in China, gas adsorption and flow behavior for Chinese coals are of great interest for the industry and research community. How pressure and temperature affect the gas adsorption and flow on different rank coals are not only important for CBM recovery but also important for CO2 or N2 enhanced CBM recovery, since gases are often injected at a temperature different to the reservoir temperature. In this work, gas adsorption and permeability of three different rank Chinese coals are measured using CH4, N2 and CO2 at three temperatures, 20°C, 35°C and 50°C. Gas diffusivity and permeability with respect to gas species, pore pressure, effective stress and temperature are studied. The three coals are SQB-1 from Southern Qinshui Basin, JB-1 from Junggar Basin and OB-1 from Ordos Basin. Gas adsorption results show that both pressure and temperature have significant impact on adsorption behavior for SQB-1 and JB-1 using CH4. For higher rank coal SQB-1, adsorption isotherm tends to reach adsorption capacity quicker with respect to pressure. However, the maximum adsorption capacity is higher for the lower rank coal JB-1. Moreover, temperature has a stronger effect on reducing adsorption capacity for lower rank coal. Gas diffusivity results for OB-1 and JB-1 show that CO2 diffusivity is generally higher than that of CH4 and then N2. This could be related with their different kinetic diameters and their interaction with the coal. Both pressure and temperature have impact on gas diffusivity. In general, gas diffusivities increase with pressure and temperature. Permeability results show that it varies greatly with respect to coal rank with highest rank coal having the lowest permeability. Permeability is also strongly sensitive to effective stress and pore pressure. Temperature has a noticeable impact on permeability change. Permeability changes differently with temperature increase for the different rank coal samples studied. This may be attributed to the combined effect of coal strain change due to gas adsorption and thermal expansion. These results have significant implications for the design of enhanced CBM recovery and CO2 storage for different rank coals as injecting gas at different temperature and pressure would affect the CO2 injectivity and the CBM production rate.
Tight Gas Reservoir Accumulation Conditions and Distribution Patterns during the Upper Palaeozoic of the East-Central Ordos Basin, Central China
Authors: Wang Weili , Wang Weibin , Yao Jie , Cai Yue
Published: July 2014

The Upper Palaeozoic sandstones in the east-central Ordos Basin have abundant tight gas reserves. Studies of the accumulation conditions and distribution patterns of sandstone tight gas reservoirs in this region might provide important guidance for future exploration. The current study found that this region has satisfactory gas reservoir accumulation conditions, based on a systematic observation and analysis of rock core (lithic) images and well logging, source rock geochemistry, and reservoir bed physical property data. The primary source rocks are widely dispersed and have generally entered the mature or over-mature stages of gas generation. The reservoir beds have poor physical properties and strong heterogeneity. The mudstones in the regional seal (i.e., the upper Shihezi Formation) are generally undercompacted and have sufficient sealing capability. Due to the presence of mudstone interlayers, the gas-bearing capacities of these gas reservoirs show a gradual decrease from the P1s2 of Shanxi Formation toward both sides in a vertical direction. The horizontal distribution of the gas reservoirs is primarily concentrated in the sand bodies controlled by barrier island sand dams and subaqueous distributary river channel sediment microfacies. Tight sandstone reservoir beds usually contain gas, and “sweet spots” are the major high-yield regions in the area.
Examination of Iran's Crude Oil Production Peak and Evaluating the Consequences: A System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Hosseini S. H. , Shakouri G. H. , Kiani B. , Pour M. Mohammadi , Ghanbari M.
Published: July 2014

Despite considerable efforts to give diversity to world's energy supply portfolio, oil still has a significant share among energy carriers and plays a major role in economy of countries. Regarding dependency of Iran's economy on revenues of crude oil exports, investigations on the dynamics of crude oil production rate (considering the factors such as technological, economic, political, etc.) are of high importance for the country. In this paper, factors influencing the Iran's crude oil production peak are investigated by system dynamics approach. Through results obtained by the model it is shown how different factors, within causal relationships, affect the occurrence time and the volume of produced oil at its peak. The model is also used to evaluate different scenarios on oil price, geological uncertainty, production depletion, and foreign investment level in the country. Moreover, it can be used to simulate behavior of main variables in the industry under different policy options. The model predicts that the peak will occur sometime between 2035 and 2042 with various production volumes in different scenarios. The developed model can help practitioners, especially policy makers, in the oil sector to gain a systemic and comprehensive insight of influencing factors and the relationships which cause occurrence of Iran's crude oil peak. Investments in all exploration and production sectors, which depend on the oil prices, might be the most crucial variable on the future of the industry and its success to help the developing country achieve its goals.
Geochemistry Characteristics of Hydrogen Sulphide-Bearing Gas Pools in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Li Zhisheng , Li Jin , Cui Huiying , Wang Dongliang , Gong Se , Li Jian , Zhang Ying , Ma Chenghua , Wang Yifeng
Published: July 2014

Sichuan Basin is the oil and gas bearing basin that is discovered in China, with the most hydrogen sulfide gas pool and the greatest reserve. In this article, gas pools with high hydrogen sulfide in Sichuan Basin were taken as the object of study; the geochemistry characteristic of natural gas was systematically studied, and the origin of natural gas with hydrogen sulfide in Sichuan Basin was discussed. The hydrogen sulfide content in the hydrogen sulfide gas pools of Sichuan Basin is 0.6%–14.5%; the sulfur isotope values of hydrogen sulfide gas have a close relationship with the sulfur isotope values of anhydrite in the same reservoir, and the sulfur isotope fractionation between the anhydrite and the H2S is 4‰–14‰, showing that the H2S in natural gas and the anhydrite in reservoir have the same sulfur source, the H2S in natural gas is the product of TSR reaction. The relationship among the hydrogen sulfide content in the gas pool, the hydrogen isotope of methane and the sulphur isotope of hydrogen sulfide is not obvious; but the high hydrogen sulfide content corresponds to the heavier ethane carbon isotope composition, and the carbon isotope of carbon dioxide is lower than −10‰, which belongs to the organic origin and has further verified the fact of TSR occurrence in the reservoir. There is the phenomenon of carbon isotopic reversal of methane and ethane in some areas of the Huanglongchang gas field, Wubaiti gas field and Puguang gas field in the Northeast Sichuan as well as Weiyuan gas field in South Sichuan, which is mainly caused by the later period of cracking-based gas-production process of the crude oil. TSR has less influence on these gas pools.
A Study of the Virtual Microphone Algorithm for ANC System Working in Audio Interference Environment
Authors: Xu Z. H. , Lee C.-M. , Qiu Z.
Published: July 2014

Two kinds of anti-audio interference active noise control (ANC) algorithms are proposed based on a conventional filtered-X least mean squares virtual microphone (FXLMS-VM) algorithm. The proposed filtered-X least mean squares virtual microphone and anti-audio interference (FXLMS-VM-AI) algorithm employs an extra audio path to compensate for the influence of the audio interference phenomenon on the ANC adaptive filter. The proposed time frequency mixed filtered-X least mean squares virtual microphone and anti-audio interference (TFM-FXLMS-VM-AI) algorithm can overcomes this audio interference effect by calculating the coefficients of the ANC adaptive filter in the frequency domain. The time domain acoustic wave field simulation method is adopted to test the performance of the proposed ANC algorithms in an audio interference environment. By analyzing the simulation results, both proposed algorithms show better convergence accuracy in terms of the adaptive filter coefficients and better audio signal performance than the conventional algorithm. The proposed FXLMS-VM-AI algorithm has a faster convergence speed for the ANC adaptive filter than the proposed TFM-FXLMS-VM-AI algorithm. The proposed TFM-FXLMS-VM-AI algorithm has a lower computational complexity than the conventional algorithm and the proposed TFM-FXLMS-VM-AI algorithm.
Passenger Noise and Whole-Body Vibration Exposure—A Comparative Field Study of Commercial Buses
Authors: Nassiri P. , Ebrahimi H. , Monazzam M. R. , Rahimi A. , Shalkouhi P. Jafari
Published: July 2014

The goal of this paper was to evaluate bus passengers' comfort with regard to noise and whole-body vibration. All types of existing buses used in Tehran urban services were considered for study. The measured noise levels in all buses were higher than the recommendations in W.H.O (1999) as well as Iran Department of Environment (2001), while the vibrations at the passenger seats were non uncomfortable vibrations according to ISO 2631-1-1997. In addition, the results demonstrated that the age and type of bus can play important roles in determining noise and vibration inside buses. It was concluded that the engine and wheels of bus can be considered as the major sources of noise and vibration inside buses.
Effect of Repeated External Perturbations on the Reflex Control of Human Posture — Influence of Reflex Delay, Duration and Gain
Authors: Fritz Martin , Wagner Heiko
Published: July 2014

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of muscle responses on the trunk motions during repeated perturbations by external forces. Patients with low back pain have delayed muscle reflex latencies to perturbations compared with healthy controls. The perturbation provoked trunk accelerations were simulated by a model consisting of four rigid bodies and six force elements representing trunk and hip muscles. The influence of the muscle responses were assessed by varying the reflex delays, the reflex durations, and the reflex gains. Trunk accelerations can be reduced by the simulated muscle responses. The optimal solution is not the result of extreme values of the reflex delay and duration range but of intermediate values. The relationship between the trunk accelerations and the reflex delay and duration respectively can be described by asymmetrical u-shape functions. As patients with low back pain showed delayed reflexes, their trunk motions are probably increased compared with healthy subjects.
Optimal Control for Cubic Strongly Nonlinear Vibration of Automobile Suspension
Authors: Liu Canchang , Ren Chuanbo , Yue Shuchang , Li Lijun , Liu Lu
Published: July 2014

An optimal control method is provided to mitigate the cubic strongly nonlinear vibration of vehicle suspension with velocity and displacement feedback controllers. The forced vibration of the vehicle suspension is studied utilizing the methods of modified Lindstedt-Poincaré and multiple scales. Ranges of feedback gains that can keep the vibration system stable are worked out by the stability conditions of eigenvalue equation. Taking the decay rate and the energy function as the objective functions and the ranges of stable vibration feedback gains as constrained conditions, the optimal feedback gains of velocity and displacement are calculated by the method of minimum method. The simulation results show that the control method can have optimal control results.
Processing Branches: Reactivating the Performativity of Natural Wooden Form with Contemporary Information Technology
Authors: Schindler Christoph , Tamke Martin , Tabatabai Ali , Bereuter Martin , Yoshida Hironori
Published: July 2014

Angled and forked wood – a desired material until 19th century, was swept away by industrialization and its standardization of processes and materials. Contemporary information technology has the potential for the capturing and recognition of individual geometries through laser scanning and computation and subsequently design and bespoke CNC fabrication. The question whether this allows for a new approach to the uniqueness that is offered to us by nature is discussed in a series of workshops and projects, which explore the performative potential of naturally grown materials.
Adaptive Liquid Lens and Sunlight Redirection
Authors: Heinzelmann Florian , Bristogianni Telesilla , Teuffel Patrick
Published: July 2014

The paper describes a novel system to alter and redirect sunlight under large roofs with the help of a liquid lens system. Focus lies on the computational design, testing, measurement and evaluation of the performance of a physical prototype. The results in terms of daylight and illumination of the interior, as well as the possibility for sunlight redirection, lead to an array of adaptive natural light spotlights, which are rather promising. The journal article is an extension of previously reported work[1].
Approximating Computational Fluid Dynamics for Generative Tall Building Design
Authors: Wilkinson Samuel , Hanna Sean
Published: July 2014

Background literature review, methodology, results, and analysis are presented for a novel approach to approximating wind pressure on tall buildings for the application of generative design exploration and optimisation. The predictions are approximations of time-averaged computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data with the aim of maintaining simulation accuracy but with improved speed. This is achieved through the use of a back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) with vertex-based shape features as input and pressure as output. The training set consists of 600 procedurally generated tall building models, and the test set of 10 real building models; for all models in both sets, a feature vector is calculated for every vertex. Over the test set, mean absolute errors against the basis CFD are 1.99–4.44% (σ:2. 10–5.09%) with an on-line process time of 14.72–809.98s (0.028s/sample). Studies are also included on feature sensitivity, training set size, and comparison of CFD against prediction times. Results indicate that prediction time is only dependent on the number of test model vertices, and is therefore invariant to basis CFD time.
Technology, Context and Science in Architecture
Authors: Neumann Oliver
Published: July 2014

Digitally enhanced design processes and digital fabrication technologies have significantly expanded spatial and structural possibilities in architecture. Design and fabrication based on measurable input allow the digital processing of designs that are powerful in comparison to previously imagined spatial and material applications. However, this focus on data also limits designs by excluding social, economic, and ecological values that are related to cultural concerns central to architecture discourse and its built manifestations. Significantly, a sole focus on data that can be translated and processed results in the exclusion of information related to context from design considerations. Architectural discourse and practices must consider broad sets of references as guiding parameters; scientific developments that affect building methods and strategies therefore have to be associated to context-specific influences. While much is gained from engaging with contemporary design and fabrication technologies, architecture has to be conscious of references that exist outside of the numerical.
Infections: Parametric Patterning and Material Behavior
Authors: Yazar Tuğrul , Akipek Fulya Özsel
Published: July 2014

This paper describes an ongoing research project that explores the relationships between parametric patterning and material behavior. Three instances of the research development are workshops realized in different contexts, following a common design approach, correlating layers of context / concept / patterning / material and response via pattern studies. The first workshop of the series, Gridal Infection focuses on responsive and dynamic deformations of patterns, while the second workshop, Reflex Patterning concentrates on material performances. The last step, the Animate Patterning workshop expands the research into the field of kinetic responses. Throughout this research, different feedback responses between digital and material are triggered by the concept of infection.
Electron microscope investigation of aluminium-comprising nanoparticles
Authors: Antonova N.
Published: July 2014

A new approach was suggested for creating nano-dimensional materials based on water-soluble polymers. Nano-seized Al-contained structures were synthesized; such structures were screened by a cover of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose by heating up to 70-80 degrees of Celsius of a sodium-carboxymethylcellulose's polymere with Al microparticles with dimension less than 20 mkm. Morphological features of created composites were researched. It was established that agglomerates of received particles were reached values of 300-600 nm and consisted of tubular types' structures with dimensions 80-100 nm.
Analysis of surface mining subsidence laws under thick alluvial Quandian Mine
Authors: Hu Qingfeng , Lei Bin , Ma Kaifeng , Wang Tiesheng
Published: July 2014

In order to study the laws of surface subsidence due to mining coal under thick alluvium of Quandian mine, two survey lines were designed on the surface above the first face. By analyzing the position of the maximum subsidence point of the tendency survey line, the zenith angle was obtained, and the correctness of taking bedrock thickness instead of average mining depth to design the position of the trend survey line in the mining area was confirmed; and based on the analyses of the measured data, the critical size of the gob full opening in the geological and mining conditions didn't follow the general law that the gob would reach the critical size when the panel has moved for a distance of 1.2H0 - 1.4H0. These results showed that the bedrock played a major role in the spread of whole overburden subsidence in the geological and mining conditions, while the loose layer had less affection. In addition, based on the analyses of the measured data, some rock movement parameters and probability integral prediction parameters of the surface subsidence of Quandian mine in the geological and mining conditions have been obtained. The study would have some important theoretical significance and practical guidance for implementing mining beneath buildings, water bodies and railways and prevent of this coal field as well as surface structure damage control.
Sliding mode versus PD control for cable-based robots
Authors: Zaatri Abdelouahab , Bouchemal Billel
Published: July 2014

Cable-based robots as well as their control are relatively new fields of research. The objective of this work is to design, simulate and compare two robot control techniques which are dedicated to be implemented for cable-based robots. The first controller is a classical proportional derivative one (PDC) while the second controller is the sliding mode one (SMC).

The proposed controllers are inserted into a closed loop around the cable-based robot for ensuring point to point transfer operations and trajectory tracking. Simulations have been carried out confirming the effectiveness of the PDC and SMC for controlling planar cable-based robots. Performances concerning settling time, precision, vibration and system stability are analyzed and compared. Some simulation results are presented showing, for each control techniques during trajectory tracking, the instantaneous profile evolution of cable lengths and cable tensions.
Solution of the SEIR model of epidemics using HAM
Authors: Ratchagar Nirmala , Subramanian S.
Published: July 2014

In this paper, a new semi analytic technique namely the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) is applied for SEIR Epidemic model. HAM is different from already existing perturbation methods, and is most suitable for strongly non linear simultaneous differential equations arising in this model. The advantage of this method is that it provides a direct scheme for solving the problem, i.e. without the need for linearization, perturbation, massive computation and any transformation. MATHEMATICA 8.0 is used to carry out computations. Results were discussed graphically, for four childhood diseases.
A modified dinucleotide motif specifies tRNA recognition by TLR7
Authors: Kaiser Steffen , Rimbach Katharina , Eigenbrod Tatjana , Dalpke Alexander H. , Helm Mark
Published: July 2014

RNA can function as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) whose recognition by the innate immune system alerts the body to an impending microbial infection. The recognition of tRNA as either self or nonself RNA by TLR7 depends on its modification patterns. In particular, it is known that the presence of a ribose methylated guanosine at position 18, which is overrepresented in self-RNA, antagonizes an immune response. Here, we report that recognition extends to the next downstream nucleotide and the effectively recognized molecular detail is actually a methylated dinucleotide. The most efficient nucleobases combination of this motif includes two purines, while pyrimidines diminish the effect of ribose methylation. The constraints of this motif stay intact when transposed to other parts of the tRNA. The results argue against a fixed orientation of the tRNA during interaction with TLR7 and, rather, suggest a processive type of inspection.
Personality Ambivalence in the Spiritual and Moral Development of a Cossack
Authors: Кондратьев  , Kondratev S.
Published: July 2014

The paper considers development of a human personality

through the prism of humanitarian Christian Psychology. The concept

of self-reflexion is introduced as a criterion foundation of a human

personality, and consequently personal ambivalence, inherent in the

spiritual and moral development of a Cossack, is shown and examined.

Featured are infantile, egocentric and altruistic stages in a personality

development.
The Value of Human Wholeness
Authors: Воля  , Volya E.
Published: July 2014

The author specifies the concept of «human wholeness» and considers it as a key personality characteristic.
Multivalency as a Backbone Principle in a Personality Spiritual and Moral Development within the System of Cossack Education
Authors: Кондратьева  , Kondrateva Olga
Published: July 2014

From the standpoint of the Christian humanitarian psychological

paradigm, the article discusses the principle of polyvalence

as a backbone regulatory standard of spiritual and moral development

within the system of Cossack education. Psychological meaning

of the said principle is revealed and its main integrative features

are highlighted. Intellectual representations are characterized as

pieces of cognitive, metacognitive and intentional experience. The

author discusses moral and conceptual constructs within the framework

of spiritual and moral evolution of a person from egocentrism

toward altruism.
Stylistic Features of Managerial Activity in the Cossack Environment
Authors: Димов  , Dimov R.
Published: July 2014

The article describes stylistic features of managerial activity

in the cossack environment, discusses milestones in the Cossack

history, traditions and operating procedure of Kazachiy Krug —

Cossacks’ Common Assembly, the supreme authority for Cossacks.
Fostering Information Culture for Higher School Learners, Based on Computer Engineering
Authors: Пристром  , Pristrom I.
Published: July 2014

Advanced technologies introduction requires to update

all the involved competences: those of researchers, designers, engineers,

production engineers and technologists. Moreover, new

developments urge to adopt a set of managerial innovations, namely,

product lifecycle management, value chain/value network management,

complex systems management, quality management.

Information culture, nurtured in the process of learning, will help

higher school graduates to easily adapt at the workplace, to successfully

master cutting-edge technologies, to sustain continuous

self-development and as a result, to become a highly-sought specialist

at the labor market. As a result of training on the basis of

computer engineering learners master several specialist software

packages, which are widely used in the related industry and enable

to solve engineering problems promptly and on the highest technological

level.
Student’s Subjectivity as a Purpose and a Value of Modern Education
Authors: Селиванова  , Selivanova Olga
Published: July 2014

The paper considers school student’s subjectivity as a set

of growing human’s innovative features, which the educational

system is aimed to develop. The author proves the value of establishing

a school student’s subjectivity, and conspires it as a process,

through which a student, while setting and achieving personally

and socially meaningful educational goals, recognizes his personal

needs in cognition of himself and the world around him. Components

and levels of subjectivity are described, dynamics of subject-subjective

interplay is traced and personally-oriented educational

techniques, conducive to establishing a student’s subjectivity are

proposed.
Sequence variation of bovine mitochondrial ND-5 between haplotypes of composite and Hereford Breeds of beef cattle
Authors: SUTARNO SUTARNO
Published: July 2014

The aims of the study were to: Investigate polymorphisms in the ND-5 region of bovine mitochondrial DNA in the composite and purebred Hereford herds from the Wokalup selection experiment, sequencing and compare the sequences between haplotypes and published sequence from Genebank. A total of 194 Hereford and 235 composite breed cattle from Wokalup Research Station were used in this study. The mitochondrial DNA was extracted using Wizard genomic DNA purification system from Promega. ND-5 fragment of mitochondrial DNA was amplified using PCR and continued with RFLP. Each haplotypes were sequenced. PCR products of each haplotype were cloned into pCR II, transformed, colonies selection, plasmid DNA extraction continued with cycle sequencing. Polymorphisms were found in both breeds of cattle in ND-5 region of mitochondrial DNA by PCR-RFLP analysis. Sequencing analysisconfirmed the RFLPs data.Â© 2002 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: ND-5 mitochondrial DNA, PCR-RFLP, sequencing, polymorphism.
Bird diversity in six habitat types of PT Inhutani I Labanan, East Kalimantan
Authors: SOENDJOTO MOCHAMAD ARIEF , GUNAWAN GUNAWAN
Published: July 2014

Birds can be used indirectly or directly as a bioindicator of environment. Birds species living in six habitat types of PTInhutani I Labanan Kalimantan Timur (namely, logged-over areas that has been exploited in 1976/1981 and 1981/1986,forested area that is being exploited in 1999/2000, primary forest that will be exploited in 2001/2002, Labanan Jaya Villageinhabited in 1982/1983, and Segah-Malinau Transmigration Settlement inhabited in 1997/1998) were recorded with transectmethod (long of 3 km and within sighting distance of 25-50 m) at 06.30-10.00 and 15.00-17.30 in both dry and rainy seasons. One hundred and two identified species belonging to 34 families and 6 unidentified species were found. Habitat types and seasons affect bird diversity (the number of species and abundance). Percent dissimilarity of birds between habitats ranged 0,53-0,95 in rainy season and 0,54-0,95 in dry season and between seasons ranged 0,50-0,80. Quantitative values have to be completed with qualitative consideration to assess habitat condition or changes.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: bird diversity, forest, urban area, habitat condition.
Flora diversity and its potential in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan
Authors: UJI TAHAN
Published: July 2014

Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve is one of the biggest nature reserves in West Kalimantan. However, data andinformations especially floras diversity and its potential in this area has not been investigated intensively. Two hundred andnineteen species of plant are collected from this area, and 140 species of them are reported as potential plants. Fourty eight, and fourty two species of the potential species are respectively useful as timber and medicinal plants. Six species, namely Aquilaria malaccensis, Durio oxleyanus, Eusideroxylon zwageri, Alstonia scholaris, Koompassia malaccensis and Eurycoma longifolia are threatened species, and one of them namely Aquilaria malaccensis is endangered.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: diversity, potential flora, Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan.
An effort in increasing the use of natural resources around southern coast of Yogyakarta, A case-study of coastal area of Baron, Kukup, and Krakal
Authors: WINARNO KUSUMO , SURYOWINOTO (ALM) MOESO , TANDJUNG DJALAL S.
Published: July 2014

The coastal area of Baron, Kukup, and Krakal in the southern coast of Yogyakarta is an arid and dried area, and marginalagriculture land. The potential vegetation resources only live on the lands that produce cassava, corn, peanut, and soybean. The increasing benefits of sea products such as fishes still need to be invented. The aims of this research are to inventories and to increase the use of disadvantage resources. This research was conducted from October 1995 to March 1996. The result invents 70 species of useful plants and 21 species of weed that can be used by the people for the needs of their own households. The remainder products of Anona squamosa L., which might easily rot and until now unprofitable, could be used to make some jam. Phylantus emblica L. can be put into a useful product by making them to become candies. Another natural resources that are neglected are the cattle excrement and sharkskin. All kind of sharkskinâ€™s can be manufactured into leather products. While cattle excrement can be produced methane for cooking and lighting. There are 163 species of ornamental fishes in Kukup, and 20 species of consumed fishes in Baron. In search of ornamental fishes, the fishermen have a bad-habit of using hazardous materials such as potassium cyanide. Besides endangers the reef communities, algae and fish-larvae, it makes the ornamental fishes they caught unhealthy and cannot be exported since their lifespan is very short. Due to this factor, ornamental fishes are only available in the local market of Kukup.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: natural resources, waste, coast, Baron, Kukup, Krakal, Yogyakarta
Variations of isozyme and morphological characters of malaria vector and non-vector Anopheles subpictus Grassi
Authors: DHARMAWAN RUBEN , DARUKUTNI DARUKUTNI , HADIWIDJAJA SATIMIN , PRAYITNO ADI
Published: July 2014

The aim of the study was to show genetic variations of malaria vector Anopheles subpictus in East Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Province and non-vector in Banjarnegara, Central Java Province by isozyme electrophoresis and refined morphological examinations as isozymes and morphological characters are known as gene influenced factors. An. subpictus females were collected by using animal and human bait collection and reared individually in the laboratory. Progenies were used as materials for electrophoretic examination after eggs and larvae were morphologically confirmed as the species investigated. Each progeny was run on horizontal starch electrophoresis in a separate well according to Green et al. (1990), Sukowati et al. (1999) and Dharmawan et al. (2002) with modification. The visualized isozymes were malate dehydrogenase (Mdh), lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), alpha esterase (Î±Est), beta esterase (Î²Est), malic enzyme (Me), leucine aminopeptidase (Lap), and acid phosphatase (Acp). Zymograms showed that Mdh, Ldh, Alp, Î±Est and Me had been varied between vector and non-vector species. Refined morphological examination on larvae showed different number of branches of their inner clypeal hairs and observation on eggs revealed different size and ridge numbers. We concluded that An. subpictus in East Flores was genetically and morphologically different from Banjarnegara and suggested that the two variants might be members of An. subpictus species complex. Key words: isozyme, morphology, Anopheles subpictus complex, Banjarnegara, East Flores.
Use of local isolate of Monascus purpureus for reducing blood cholesterol in Sprague Dawley rat
Authors: KASIM ERNAWATI , KURNIAWATI YETY , NURHIDAYAT NOVIK
Published: July 2014

Research using local isolate of M. purpureus to reduce the blood cholesterol total on the white rats of Sprague Dawley strain had been done. The research proposed was to obtain the best doses of fermented rice contain lovastatin to reduce the blood cholesterol content of the white rats Sprague Dawley strain. The research used 42 male rats which was devided into 6 treatments based on the food and fermented rice doses. Each rat was 2 months and 250 gram in weight. The cholesterol food and the standard food given everyday for 20 gram/day/rat. The blood rats was measured the content of cholesterol every seven days for 21 days. The result showed that the lovastatin of the fermented rice could reduce 20,78% the blood cholesterol total of the white rats Sprague Dawley strain. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Monascus purpureus , kolesterol, tikus putih galur Sprague Dawley
Conservation problems of mangrove ecosystem in coastal area of Rembang Regency, Central Java
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI , WINARNO KUSUMO
Published: July 2014

The aims of the research were to find out (i) species diversity of mangrove plats, (ii) the conservation problems of mangrove ecosystem, and (iii) restoration efford of mangrove ecosystem at coastal area of Rembang Regency, Central Java. This was descriptive research that was done qualitatively, in July until December 2003, at 3 sites of mangrove habitat in Rembang Regency, namely Pecangakan, Pasar Banggi, and Lasem. The data was collected in field surveys, in-depth interview to local people and/or local government, and examination of topographic maps of Java (1963-1965) and digital satellite image of Landsat 7 TM (July-September 2001). The result indicated that northern coast of Rembang had 27 mangrove species, i.e. 12 species of major mangrove, 2 species of minor mangrove, and 13 species of associated plants. Rhizophora had been dominated mangrove ecosystem in Lasem and Pasar Bangi; while Avicennia had been dominated in Pecangakan. The most degrading factors of mangrove ecosysrems were aquaculture and salt pond, timber logging, land reclamation and soil sedimentation, and environmental pollution. Mangrove restoration by Rhizophora in coast of Pasar Bangi had been successfully, because community based management. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta Key words: conservation problems, mangrove ecosystem, Rembang Regency, Central Java Province.
The fertility study of Paraphalaenopsis serpentilingua (J.J.Sm.) A.D. Hawkes
Authors: PUSPITANINGTYAS DWI MURTI , MURSIDAWATI SOFI , WIJAYANTI SUPRIH
Published: July 2014

Fertility of Paraphalaenopsis serpentilingua (J.J.Sm.) A.D. Hawkes was investigated through experimental pollination. Several methods of pollen transfer were tested. In general, outcrossing demonstrate a better result compare to intercoss and selfing. This is indicated by seed morphological appearance and positive respond of germination test. However in the situation where flowers are limited by chance, viable seeds from selfing and intercross pollination can still be expected. The seed capsules reach maturity at 4-5 months after pollination. Seeds of P. serpentilingua showed better development in Hyponex medium.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Paraphalaenopsis serpentilingua, fertility.
Irradiation on teak and pine agroforestry system and the effect on growth of soybean
Authors: PURNOMO DJOKO , SITOMPUL SYUKUR MAKMUR
Published: July 2014

Teak and pines are the largest tree forests in Central of Java so that they are very potential to be developed as an argoforestry system. The average Relative Irradiation Fraction (RIF)â€™s in the teak and pines trees are 50% and 14% respectively. Meanwhile, soybean is sunloving crop potentially to be cultivated in the agroforestry system. The aim of the research was to study the response of the soybean (Glyicine soya) varieties to the tree canopy pruning. The experiment was conducted at teak and pines forest area (vertisol and ultisol soil type respectively) arranged in split plot design. The main plot factor was pruning (no pruning and pruning) and the sub plot factor was variety (Wilis, Pangrango and Brawijaya). The teak and pines canopy pruning (50% lower part of canopy) increases the incident irradiation among the trees by 70%-89% or equal to 600-1000 Î¼ mol m-2 s-1 and 80% or 840 Î¼ mol m-2 s-1 respectively. The increase in the irradiation among the trees enhances the photosynthetic rate of soybean. The response of the soybean to the enhancing irradiation is higher in specific leaf area (SLA). Biomass production and seed yield of the soybean increases due to the canopy pruning. The seed yield of soybean increase respectively from 0.12 to 0.57 tons ha-1 and from 0.78 to 1.74 tons ha-1 in no pruning and pruning teak and pines agroforest. The Pangrango variety produces the highest yields of seed, thus it is potential to be cultivated as intercrops in a teak and pines agroforestry system.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: soybean, teak, pines, agroforestry.
Anti-arthritic effects of Musa paradisiaca sapientum L. and Aloe vera L. in adjuvantinduced arthritic rats
Authors: MULYANINGSIH SRI , DARMAWAN ENDANG
Published: July 2014

Anti-arthritic effects of Musa paradisiaca sapientum L. and Aloe vera L. on the index responses of arthritic were investigated using adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. M. paradisiaca sapientum and A. vera pulp were blended into juice then the juices were administered orally on 17-30th day. To evaluate anti-arthritic effect of the juice, an arthritic rat model was developed using Complete Freund Adjuvant on 1-16th day. In addition, the research was divided into groups (n=5) including normal control groups, positive control groups, negative control groups, 3 groups were treated by M. paradisiaca juice at 50, 100, 200 mg/kgBW doses and the other groups were treated by A. vera juices at 1, 2 and 4 mg/kgBW doses. The indexes of arthritic were determined on 17th and 31st days then analyzed using ANOVA test and t test (p<0.05). The result showed that the indexes of arthritic rats were evidently decreased by either M. sapientum or A. vera juice. Moreover, indexes of arthritic to be closely restored to the normal levels through M. paradisiaca treatment at 50 mg/kg BW dose. In conclusion, both of juice is found to be effective in decreasing the inflammatory response and arthritic symptoms in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Musa paradisiaca sapientum L., Aloe vera L., adjuvant-induced rat arthritic, indexes of arthritic
Plant potential for foodstuff in Tangale Nature Reserve
Authors: SUNARTI SITI , RUGAYAH RUGAYAH , DJARWANINGSIH TUTIE
Published: July 2014

Tangale is one of nature reserve in Gorontalo province, with covers about 113 ha areas but information on plant biodiversity especially, which has potency as source of foodstuff is still limited. For that reason a plant exploration and inventory in this area has been made in 2002. Thirty-three species of edible plant have been recorded, and they consist of fruits (19 species), vegetables (12 species), cereal (1 species) and tuber (1 species). According to local people those 19 species have been used for daily necessity.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Foodstuff, Biodiversity, Tangale Nature Reserve.
Mosses from Kakenauwe Natural Reserve and Lambusango Game Reserve, Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: WINDADRI FLORENTINA INDAH
Published: July 2014

Species diversity of Bryophyte in Kakenauwe Natural Reserve and Lambusango Game Reserve has never reported before. Recent floristic study recorded 14 species belong to 12 genus and 8 families occur in this area. Five species of them indicated as a new record for Sulawesi.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: bryophyte, musci, diversity, conservation areas, Buton, South East Sulawesi
Study on the morphology and agroecology of creat (Andrographis panculata ness.) in various habitat
Authors: PUJIASMANTO BAMBANG , MOENANDIR JODY , SYAMSULBAHRI SYAMSULBAHRI , KUSWANTO KUSWANTO
Published: July 2014

Raw material supply which still depends on nature has caused genetic erotion of medicinal plants. The objectives of the research were to study creat (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) morphology; and agroecology in many habitat for cultivated be medical substance. The research were conducted at three different locations, ie. at lowland (< 400 m above sea level), middleland (400 â€“ 700 m asl.), and upland (> 700 m asl.). The result showed that creat growth on 180 m â€“ 861 m above sea level with environmental conditions : temperature 20.320C â€“ 26.930C, relative humidity 78% - 87%, perticipation 2053.2 mm/ year â€“ 3555.6 mm/ year. The creat can growth on soil mineral that contains N medium, P low, K medium, Mg low, Ca verylow until low ,C organic low until medium, and pH less acid until acid. The heihgt plant of creat in middleland is the highest of in lowland and upland, that also leaf of creat. The flower, fruit, and root of creat as good as in the habitat various. The highest andrographolid contain in middleland (2.27%), whereas in lowland (1.37%) and upland (0.89%).Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: agroecology, creat morphology
The effect of maturated stages and soaking treatment of water and GA3 hormone on Brucea javanica (L.) Merr germination
Authors: SETYOWATI NINIK , UTAMI NING WIKAN
Published: July 2014

Research on the effect of maturated stages and soaking treatment of water and Giberrelic Acid hormone on Brucea javanica germination was carried out at Macropropagation Laboratory, Research Centre of Biology, LIPI, Cibinong-Bogor. The research study arranged by Factorial in Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors and 3 replications, each replication with 20 seeds sample. The first factor was maturated stage of fruits with 3 levels factor i.e. green, brown and black peels, and the second factor was soaking treatment with 6 levels factor i.e. 0 (control), 1, 3 days in water, 500, 1000, 1500 mg/L in GA3 solution. The results showed that the maturated stage had significant on seeds germination of B. javanica. The black peel of maturated stage of fruit was the best factor on chosen on B. javanica seedling, in comparing with brown and green peels. Soaking treatment in GA3 solution was effective on trigger of seeds germination of B. javanica. The combination treatment of black peel maturated stage with 1500 mg/L GA3 solution were the best result for all parameter observation i.e. on the first germination (4 days), rich germination 50% (10 days), germination percentage (93.33%) and germination value (7.074). But in the control were first germination (10 days), rich germination only 20% (no rich 50%), germination percentage (93.33%) and germination value (0.148).Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: maturity stages, soaking, water, GA3, seeds germination, Brucea javanica (L.) Merr
The possibility of palm oil mill effluent for biogas production
Authors: MAHAJOENO EDWI , LAY BIBIANA WIDIYATI , SUTJAHJO SURJONO HADI , SISWANTO SISWANTO
Published: July 2014

The world currently obtains its energy from the fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas and coal. However, the international crisis in the Middle East, rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves as well as climate change have driven the world towards renewable energy sources which are abundant, untapped and environmentally friendly. Indonesia has abundant biomass resources generated from the agricultural industry particularly the large commodity, palm oil (Elaeis guiinensis Jacq.). The aims of the research were to (i) characterize palm oil mill effluent which will be used as source of biogas production, (ii) know the biotic and abiotic factors which effect POME substrate for biogas production by anaerobic digestion in bulk system. The results show that POME sludge generated from PT Pinago Utama mill is viscous, brown or grey and has an average total solid (TS) content of, 26.5-45.4, BOD is 23.5-29.3, COD is 49.0-63.6 and SS is 17.1-35.9 g/L, respectively. This substrate is a potential source of environmental pollutants. The biotic factors were kind and concentration of the inoculums, i.e. seed sludge of anaerobic lagoon II and 20% (w/v) respectively. Both physical and chemical factors such as pre-treated POME pH, pH neutralizer matter Ca (OH)2, temperature â‰¥40oC, agitation effect to increase biogas production, but in both coagulant concentration, FeCl2 were not.Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: characteristic of POME, biogas production, biotic and abiotic factors, batch system, laboratory scale