bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cancer testis antigen Cyclin A1 harbors several HLA-A*02:01-restricted T cell epitopes, which are presented and recognized in vivo
Authors: Teck Anja Tatjana , Urban Sabrina , Quass Petra , Nelde Annika , Schuster Heiko , Letsch Anne , Busse Antonia , Walz Juliane Sarah , Keilholz Ulrich , Ochsenreither Sebastian
Published: March 2020

Cyclin A1 is a promising antigen for T cell therapy being selectively expressed in high-grade ovarian cancer (OC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells. For adoptive T cell therapy, a single epitope has to be selected, with high affinity to MHC class I and adequate processing and presentation by malignant cells to trigger full activation of specific T cells. In silico prediction with three algorithms indicated 13 peptides of Cyclin A1 9 to 11 amino acids of length to have high affinity to HLA-A*02:01. Ten of them proved to be affine in an HLA stabilization assay using TAP-deficient T2 cells. Their immunogenicity was assessed by repetitive stimulation of CD8+T cells from two healthy donors with single-peptide-pulsed dendritic cells or monocytes. Intracellular cytokine staining quantified the enrichment of peptide-specific functional T cells. Seven peptides were immunogenic, three of them against both donors. Specific cell lines were cloned and used in killing assays to demonstrate recognition of endogenous Cyclin A1 in the HLA-A*02:01-positive AML cell line THP-1. Immunopeptidome analysis based on direct isolation of HLA-presented peptides by mass spectrometry of primary AML and OC samples identified four naturally presented epitopes of Cyclin A1. The immunopeptidome of HeLa cells transfected with Cyclin A1 and HLA-A*02:01 revealed six Cyclin A1-derived HLA ligands. Epitope p410–420 showed high affinity to HLA-A*02:01 and immunogenicity in both donors. It proved to be naturally presented on primary AML blast and provoked spontaneous functional response of T cells from treatment naïve OC and, therefore, warrants further development for clinical application.
Low-level laser-aided orthodontic treatment of periodontally compromised patients: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ren Chong , McGrath Colman , Gu Min , Jin Lijian , Zhang Chengfei , Sum Fung Hou Kumoi Mineaki Howard , Wong Ka Wai Frank , Chau Anson Cheuk Man , Yang Yanqi
Published: March 2020

Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) shows effects in orthodontic pain relief and periodontal inflammation control. The aim of this article is to investigate the analgesic and inflammation-modulatory effects of low-level laser irradiation among orthodontic patients with compromised periodontium. A randomised controlled trial with split-mouth design was conducted in 27 adults with treated and controlled chronic periodontitis over 6 months. One side of the dental arch underwent repeated treatment under a 940-nm diode laser (EZlase; Biolase Technology Inc.) with a beam size of 2.8 cm2 for 60 seconds at 8.6 J/cm2, whilst the other side received pseudo-laser treatment. Laser irradiation was applied repeatedly for 8 times during the first 6 weeks after bracket bonding and monthly thereafter until the end of orthodontic treatment. Subjective pain (assessed by visual analogue scale in pain diary and by chairside archwire activation), periodontal status (assessed by periodontal clinical parameters), cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (interleukin 1β, prostaglandin E2, substance P) and periodontopathic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola) in supragingival plaque were assessed. The intensity of pain was lower on the laser-irradiated side at multiple follow-up visits (P < 0.05). The pain subsided 1 day earlier on the laser side, with a lower peak value during the first week after initial archwire placement (P < 0.05). The laser side exhibited a smaller reduction in bite force during the first month (mean difference = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.36–3.98, P < 0.05 at 1-week interval; mean difference = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.87–4.32, P < 0.05 at 1-month interval). A smaller increase was observed in the plaque index scores on the laser side at 1-month (mean difference = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.13–0.24, P < 0.05) and in the gingival index scores at the 3-month follow-up visit (mean difference = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.14–0.21, P < 0.05). Laser irradiation inhibited the elevation of interleukin-1β, prostaglandin E2 and substance P levels during the first month (P < 0.05). However, no intergroup difference was detected in the bacteria levels. Low-level laser irradiation exhibits benefits in pain relief and inflammation control during the early stage of adjunctive orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised individuals.
Space-Based Earth Observations for Disaster Risk Management
Authors: Le Cozannet G. , Kervyn M. , Russo S. , Ifejika Speranza C. , Ferrier P. , Foumelis M. , Lopez T. , Modaressi H.
Published: March 2020

As space-based Earth observations are delivering a growing amount and variety of data, the potential of this information to better support disaster risk management is coming into increased scrutiny. Disaster risk management actions are commonly divided into the different steps of the disaster management cycle, which include: prevention, to minimize future losses; preparedness and crisis management, often focused on saving lives; and post-crisis management aiming at re-establishing services supporting human activities. Based on a literature review and examples of studies in the area of coastal, hydro-meteorological and geohazards, this review examines how space-based Earth observations have addressed the needs for information in the area of disaster risk management so far. We show that efforts have essentially focused on hazard assessments or supporting crisis management, whereas a number of needs still remain partly fulfilled for vulnerability and exposure mapping, as well as adaptation planning. A promising way forward to maximize the impact of Earth observations includes multi-risk approaches, which mutualize the collection of time-evolving vulnerability and exposure data across different hazards. Opportunities exist as programmes such as the Copernicus Sentinels are now delivering Earth observations of an unprecedented quality, quantity and repetitiveness, as well as initiatives from the disaster risk science communities such as the development of observatories. We argue that, as a complement to this, more systematic efforts to (1) build capacity and (2) evaluate where space-based Earth observations can support disaster risk management would be useful to maximize its societal benefits.
Principles of Criminal Liability from the Semiotic Point of View
Authors: Peno Michał , Bogucki Olgierd
Published: March 2020

Certainly principles of criminal liability may be understood as rules or norms outlining orders or prohibitions and standing out among other norms with their weight, for legal culture, legal doctrine, etc. In such a classic approach they are norms defining basic rights and obligations in the applicable criminal law (legalatalevel). However, is it the only possible and cognitively interesting meaning of the word “principle” in jurisprudence? From the semiotic point of view, they can occur in three forms: special-kind norms, teleological directives, rules which constitute valid performance of conventional activities (making criminal law). In an extra-directival sense these principles may be understood as models-descriptions of shaping the system of criminal law (or criminal liability as the core of criminal law). From a theoretical and practical point of view principles addressed to the legislator are extremely weighty—they can be called rules constructing the system of criminal liability. These all problems are discussed in the article.
Supercontinuum generation in nanostructured core gradient index fibers
Authors: Forestier Xavier , Karpate Tanvi , Huss Guillaume , Tombelaine Vincent , Stępniewski Grzegorz , Anuszkiewicz Alicja , Kasztelanic Rafał , Filipkowski Adam , Pysz Dariusz , Klimczak Mariusz , Buczyński Ryszard
Published: March 2020

We report on near-infrared supercontinuum generation in a submeter-long single-mode, nanostructured core fiber. The fiber core is composed of few thousand pure silica and germanium-doped silica glass nanorods with diameter of 200 nm each. The nanorods’ distribution is calculated based on the Maxwell–Garnett effective medium approach to mimic effective parabolic refractive index distribution in the fiber core. The standard stack-and-draw method was used to scale down the fiber structure and obtain subwavelength nanorods in the core. Size and distribution of individual nanorods are essential to determine modal and dispersion properties of the fiber without assistance of air holes in the fiber cladding. We study supercontinuum generation performance in this nanostructured core fiber pumping with low-cost microchip laser operating at 1550 nm with 1 ns pulse length and pulse energy of 0.4 µJ. A modulation instability-driven supercontinuum is generated in the fiber, covering a wavelength span of 1400–2300 nm. Due to possibility of dispersion engineering and all-solid structure the nanostructured fibers offer new possibilities for development of low-cost all-fiber supercontinuum light sources for the near-infrared range and cascaded ultrabroadband supercontinuum all-fiber systems.
Membrane functionalization in artificial cell engineering
Authors: Hindley James W. , Law Robert V. , Ces Oscar
Published: March 2020

Bottom-up synthetic biology aims to construct mimics of cellular structure and behaviour known as artificial cells from a small number of molecular components. The development of this nascent field has coupled new insights in molecular biology with large translational potential for application in fields such as drug delivery and biosensing. Multiple approaches have been applied to create cell mimics, with many efforts focusing on phospholipid-based systems. This mini-review focuses on different approaches to incorporating molecular motifs as tools for lipid membrane functionalization in artificial cell construction. Such motifs range from synthetic chemical functional groups to components from extant biology that can be arranged in a ‘plug-and-play’ approach which is hard to replicate in living systems. Rationally designed artificial cells possess the promise of complex biomimetic behaviour from minimal, highly engineered chemical networks.
Austerity Beyond Crisis: Economists and the Institution of Austere Social Spending for At-Risk Children in Israel
Authors: MARON ASA
Published: March 2020

Austerity is frequently associated with crisis-enabled spending cuts. What happens when the crisis is over? This article’s original contribution lies in its in-depth exploration of one mechanism that help explain austerity’s endurance post-crisis, when state elites face increased popular resistance and pressure to reinstate social spending. This mechanism calls attention to the role of economists in Central Budgeting Offices as agents of technocratization and de-politicization within social policy domains. These economists may institute an austere spending mode by changing social spending’s norms and instruments. To demonstrate economists’ role in mediating macroeconomic fiscal goals and social policy design over time, the article examines the development of child welfare policy in Israel before, during and in the aftermath of economic crisis. In this case, austerity attained hegemony when economists were able to delegitimize and shelve an ‘irresponsible’ social spending proposal – and in response to post-crisis demands for compensation – introduce an austere policy instrument to cap social spending during a period of social policy expansion. This analysis suggests that scholars regard relations between austerity and social spending as dialectical.
Nut consumption in a representative survey of Australians: a secondary analysis of the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey
Authors: Nikodijevic Cassandra J , Probst Yasmine C , Batterham Marijka J , Tapsell Linda C , Neale Elizabeth P
Published: March 2020

Objective:

Nut consumption is associated with a range of health benefits. The current study aimed to examine nut consumption in the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) and to investigate associations between nut intake, nutrient intake and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements.

Design:

Secondary analysis of the 2011–2012 NNPAS. Usual consumption of nuts in the 2011–2012 NNPAS was determined, and nut consumption was compared with population recommendations of 30 g nuts per day. The relationship between nut consumption and intakes of key nutrients, anthropometric outcomes (weight, BMI and waist circumference) and blood pressure was examined using linear regression for participants aged over 18 years.

Setting:

Australia.

Participants:

Australians (2 years and older, n 12 153) participating in the representative 2011–2012 NNPAS.

Results:

Mean nut intake was 4·61 (95 % CI: 4·36, 4·86) g/d, with only 5·6 % of nut consumers consuming 30 g of nuts per day. Nut consumption was associated with significantly greater intakes of fibre, vitamin E, Fe, Mg and P. There was no association between nut consumption and body weight, BMI, waist circumference, or blood pressure.

Conclusions:

Exploration of nut consumption in a representative sample of Australians identified that nut intake does not meet recommendations. Higher nut consumption was not adversely associated with higher body weight, aligning with the current evidence base. Given the current levels of nut consumption in Australia, strategies to increase nut intake to recommended levels are required.
Excitonic complexes and optical gain in two-dimensional molybdenum ditelluride well below the Mott transition
Authors: Wang Zhen , Sun Hao , Zhang Qiyao , Feng Jiabin , Zhang Jianxing , Li Yongzhuo , Ning Cun-Zheng
Published: March 2020

Semiconductors that can provide optical gain at extremely low carrier density levels are critically important for applications such as energy efficient nanolasers. However, all current semiconductor lasers are based on traditional semiconductor materials that require extremely high density levels above the so-called Mott transition to realize optical gain. The new emerging 2D materials provide unprecedented opportunities for studying new excitonic physics and exploring new optical gain mechanisms at much lower density levels due to the strong Coulomb interaction and co-existence and mutual conversion of excitonic complexes. Here, we report a new gain mechanism involving charged excitons or trions in electrically gated 2D molybdenum ditelluride well below the Mott density. Our combined experimental and modelling study not only reveals the complex interplay of excitonic complexes well below the Mott transition but also establishes 2D materials as a new class of gain materials at densities 4–5 orders of magnitude lower than those of conventional semiconductors and provides a foundation for lasing at ultralow injection levels for future energy efficient photonic devices. Additionally, our study could help reconcile recent conflicting results on 2D materials: While 2D material-based lasers have been demonstrated at extremely low densities with spectral features dominated by various excitonic complexes, optical gain was only observed in experiments at densities several orders of magnitude higher, beyond the Mott density. We believe that our results could lead to more systematic studies on the relationship between the mutual conversion of excitonic species and the existence of optical gain well below the Mott transition.
Caliciviral protein-based artificial translational activator for mammalian gene circuits with RNA-only delivery
Authors: Nakanishi Hideyuki , Saito Hirohide
Published: March 2020

Synthetic RNA-based gene circuits enable sophisticated gene regulation without the risk of insertional mutagenesis. While various RNA binding proteins have been used for translational repression in gene circuits, the direct translational activation of synthetic mRNAs has not been achieved. Here we develop Caliciviral VPg-based Translational activator (CaVT), which activates the translation of synthetic mRNAs without the canonical 5′-cap. The level of translation can be modulated by changing the locations, sequences, and modified nucleosides of CaVT-binding motifs in the target mRNAs, enabling the simultaneous translational activation and repression of different mRNAs with RNA-only delivery. We demonstrate the efficient regulation of apoptosis and genome editing by tuning translation levels with CaVT. In addition, we design programmable CaVT that responds to endogenous microRNAs or small molecules, achieving both cell-state-specific and conditional translational activation from synthetic mRNAs. CaVT will become an important tool in synthetic biology for both biological studies and future therapeutic applications.
High-resolution mapping of spatial heterogeneity in ice wedge polygon geomorphology near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska
Authors: Abolt Charles J. , Young Michael H.
Published: March 2020

It is well known that microtopography associated with ice wedge polygons drives pronounced, meter-scale spatial gradients in hydrologic and ecological processes on the tundra. However, high-resolution maps of polygonal geomorphology are rarely available, due to the complexity and subtlety of ice wedge polygon relief at landscape scales. Here we present a sub-meter resolution map of >106 discrete ice wedge polygons across a ~1200 km2 landscape, delineated within a lidar-derived digital elevation model. The delineation procedure relies on a convolutional neural network paired with a set of common image processing operations and permits explicit measurement of relative elevation at the center of each ice wedge polygon. The resulting map visualizes meter- to kilometer-scale spatial gradients in polygonal geomorphology across an extensive landscape with unprecedented detail. This high-resolution inventory of polygonal geomorphology provides rich spatial context for extrapolating observations of environmental processes across the landscape. The map also represents an extensive baseline dataset for quantifying contemporary land surface deformation (i.e., thermokarst) at the survey area, through future topographic surveys.
Quantum Tunneling Hygrometer with Temperature Stabilized Nanometer Gap
Authors: Banerjee A. , Likhite R. , Kim H. , Mastrangelo C. H.
Published: March 2020

We present the design, fabrication and response of a humidity sensor based on electrical tunneling through temperature-stabilized nanometer gaps. The sensor consists of two stacked metal electrodes separated by ~2.5 nm of vertical air gap. Upper and lower electrodes rest on separate 1.5 μm thick polyimide patches with nearly identical thermal expansion but different gas absorption characteristics. When exposed to a humidity change, the patch under the bottom electrode swells but the patch under the top electrode does not, as it is covered with a water-vapor diffusion barrier ~8 nm of Al2O3. The air gap thus decreases leading to increase in the tunneling current across the junction. The gap however is independent of temperature fluctuations as both patches expand or contract by near equal amounts. Humidity sensor action demonstrates an unassisted reversible resistance reduction Rmax/Rmin ~105 when the device is exposed to 20–90 RH% at a standby DC power consumption of ~0.4 pW. The observed resistance change when subject to a temperature sweep of 25–60 ° C @24% RH was ~0.0025% of the full device output range.
Author Correction: Influence of the magnetic field on bandgap and chemical composition of zinc thin films prepared by sparking discharge process
Authors: Ručman Stefan , Intra Panich , Kantarak E. , Sroila W. , Kumpika T. , Jakmunee J. , Punyodom W. , Arsić Biljana , Singjai Pisith
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Generic predictions of output probability based on complexities of inputs and outputs
Authors: Dingle Kamaludin , Pérez Guillermo Valle , Louis Ard A.
Published: March 2020

For a broad class of input-output maps, arguments based on the coding theorem from algorithmic information theory (AIT) predict that simple (low Kolmogorov complexity) outputs are exponentially more likely to occur upon uniform random sampling of inputs than complex outputs are. Here, we derive probability bounds that are based on the complexities of the inputs as well as the outputs, rather than just on the complexities of the outputs. The more that outputs deviate from the coding theorem bound, the lower the complexity of their inputs. Since the number of low complexity inputs is limited, this behaviour leads to an effective lower bound on the probability. Our new bounds are tested for an RNA sequence to structure map, a finite state transducer and a perceptron. The success of these new methods opens avenues for AIT to be more widely used.
Tropical pitcher plants (Nepenthes) act as ecological filters by altering properties of their fluid microenvironments
Authors: Gilbert Kadeem J. , Bittleston Leonora S. , Tong Wenfei , Pierce Naomi E.
Published: March 2020

Characteristics of host species can alter how other, interacting species assemble into communities by acting as ecological filters. Pitchers of tropical pitcher plants (Nepenthes) host diverse communities of aquatic arthropods and microbes in nature. This plant genus exhibits considerable interspecific diversity in morphology and physiology; for example, different species can actively control the pH of their pitcher fluids and some species produce viscoelastic fluids. Our study investigated the extent to whichNepenthesspecies differentially regulate pitcher fluid traits under common garden conditions, and the effects that these trait differences had on their associated communities. Sixteen species ofNepentheswere reared together in the controlled environment of a glasshouse using commonly-sourced pH 6.5 water. We analyzed their bacterial and eukaryotic communities using metabarcoding techniques, and found that different plant species differentially altered fluid pH, viscosity, and color, and these had strong effects on the community structure of their microbiota.Nepenthesspecies can therefore act as ecological filters, cultivating distinctive microbial communities despite similar external conditions, and blurring the conceptual line between biotic and abiotic filters.
MicroRNA-mRNA networks define translatable molecular outcome phenotypes in osteosarcoma
Authors: Lietz Christopher E. , Garbutt Cassandra , Barry William T. , Deshpande Vikram , Chen Yen-Lin , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A. , Wang Yaoyu , Lawney Brian , Ebb David , Cote Gregory M. , Duan Zhenfeng , Hornicek Francis J. , Choy Edwin , Petur Nielsen G. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Quackenbush John , Spentzos Dimitrios
Published: March 2020

There is a lack of well validated prognostic biomarkers in osteosarcoma, a rare, recalcitrant disease for which treatment standards have not changed in over 20 years. We performed microRNA sequencing in 74 frozen osteosarcoma biopsy samples, constituting the largest single center translationally analyzed osteosarcoma cohort to date, and we separately analyzed a multi-omic dataset from a large NCI supported national cooperative group cohort. We validated the prognostic value of candidate microRNA signatures and contextualized them in relevant transcriptomic and epigenomic networks. Our results reveal the existence of molecularly defined phenotypes associated with outcome independent of clinicopathologic features. Through machine learning based integrative pharmacogenomic analysis, the microRNA biomarkers identify novel therapeutics for stratified application in osteosarcoma. The previously unrecognized osteosarcoma subtypes with distinct clinical courses and response to therapy could be translatable for discerning patients appropriate for more intensified, less intensified, or alternate therapeutic regimens.
Altered directed functional connectivity of the right amygdala in depression: high-density EEG study
Authors: Damborská Alena , Honzírková Eliška , Barteček Richard , Hořínková Jana , Fedorová Sylvie , Ondruš Šimon , Michel Christoph M. , Rubega Maria
Published: March 2020

The cortico-striatal-pallidal-thalamic and limbic circuits are suggested to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of depression. Stimulation of deep brain targets might improve symptoms in treatment-resistant depression. However, a better understanding of connectivity properties of deep brain structures potentially implicated in deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment is needed. Using high-density EEG, we explored the directed functional connectivity at rest in 25 healthy subjects and 26 patients with moderate to severe depression within the bipolar affective disorder, depressive episode, and recurrent depressive disorder. We computed the Partial Directed Coherence on the source EEG signals focusing on the amygdala, anterior cingulate, putamen, pallidum, caudate, and thalamus. The global efficiency for the whole brain and the local efficiency, clustering coefficient, outflow, and strength for the selected structures were calculated. In the right amygdala, all the network metrics were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in patients than in controls. The global efficiency was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients than in controls, showed no correlation with status of depression, but decreased with increasing medication intake ($${{\bf{R}}}^{{\bf{2}}}{\boldsymbol{=}}{\bf{0.59}}\,{\bf{and}}\,{\bf{p}}{\boldsymbol{=}}{\bf{1.52}}{\bf{e}}{\boldsymbol{ \mbox{-} }}{\bf{05}}$$R2=0.59andp=1.52e‐05). The amygdala seems to play an important role in neurobiology of depression. Practical treatment studies would be necessary to assess the amygdala as a potential future DBS target for treating depression.
Motor neuron preservation and decrease of in vivo TDP-43 phosphorylation by protein CK-1δ kinase inhibitor treatment
Authors: Martínez-González Loreto , Rodríguez-Cueto Carmen , Cabezudo Diego , Bartolomé Fernando , Andrés-Benito Pol , Ferrer Isidro , Gil Carmen , Martín-Requero Ángeles , Fernández-Ruiz Javier , Martínez Ana , de Lago Eva
Published: March 2020

Pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating disease where no treatment exists, involves the compartmentalization of the nuclear protein TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) in the cytoplasm which is promoted by its aberrant phosphorylation and others posttranslational modifications. Recently, it was reported that CK-1δ (protein casein kinase-1δ) is able to phosphorylate TDP-43. Here, the preclinical efficacy of a benzothiazole-based CK-1δ inhibitor IGS-2.7, both in a TDP-43 (A315T) transgenic mouse and in a human cell-based model of ALS, is shown. Treatment with IGS-2.7 produces a significant preservation of motor neurons in the anterior horn at lumbar level, a decrease in both astroglial and microglial reactivity in this area, and in TDP-43 phosphorylation in spinal cord samples. Furthermore, the recovery of TDP-43 homeostasis (phosphorylation and localization) in a human-based cell model from ALS patients after treatment with IGS-2.7 is also reported. Moreover, we have shown a trend to increase in CK-1δ mRNA in spinal cord and significantly in frontal cortex of sALS cases. All these data show for the first time the in vivo modulation of TDP-43 toxicity by CK-1δ inhibition with IGS-2.7, which may explain the benefits in the preservation of spinal motor neurons and point to the relevance of CK-1δ inhibitors in a future disease-modifying treatment for ALS.
Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide cannot predict treatment response to ibuprofen in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Oh Seong Hee , Lee Byong Sop , Jung Euiseok , Oh Moon Yeon , Do Hyun-Jeong , Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan , Kim Ki-Soo
Published: March 2020

Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a useful marker for diagnosis of hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) and serial BNP measurement is also valuable for monitoring treatment response. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate whether plasma BNP level can predict treatment response to ibuprofen in preterm infants born at <30 weeks of gestation with hsPDA. Plasma BNP was measured before (baseline) and 12 to 24 h after (post-treatment) completion of the first (IBU1) and second (IBU2) course of ibuprofen. We compared the BNP levels of responders (closed or insignificant PDA) with those of non-responders (hsPDA requiring further pharmacologic or surgical closure) to each course of ibuprofen. The treatment response rates for IBU1 (n = 92) and IBU2 (n = 19) were 74% and 26%, respectively. In IBU1, non-responders had lower gestational age and birth weight than responders (both, P = 0.004), while in IBU2, non-responders had lower birth weight (P = 0.014) and platelet counts (P = 0.005) than responders; however, baseline BNP levels did not differ significantly between responders and non-responders in either IBU1 (median 1,434 vs. 1,750 pg/mL) or IBU2 (415 vs. 596 pg/mL). Post-treatment BNP was a useful marker for monitoring treatment efficacy of IBU1 and IBU2 for hsPDA with a cut-off value of 331 pg/mL (P < 0.001) and 423 pg/mL(P < 0.010), respectively. We did not identify a cut-off baseline BNP level that could predict treatment response to ibuprofen in preterm infants with hsPDA.
A GIS-based 3D slope stability analysis method based on the assumed normal stress on the slip surface
Authors: Yu Guo , Xie Mowen , Liang Jun , Farooq Asim , Williams Edward J.
Published: March 2020

The study proposes a geographic information systems (GIS)-based slope stability analysis method assuming a normal stress distribution acting on the slip surface. Compared with traditional methods, the three-dimensional (3D) safety factor acquired through this method will more closely approximate the actual value. First, a 3D slope stability analysis model is developed using grid column units, and the spatial expression of calculation parameters based on the grid column is given by the spatial analysis capability of GIS. Then, four equilibrium equations are derived under the limit equilibrium condition. The normal stress distribution acting on the slip surface is analyzed to construct a reasonable normal stress distribution approximation function. The 3D safety factor is obtained through the approximation function and the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion. Moreover, we develop a GIS-based extension module which combines the grid-based data with the 3D slope stability analysis model. The accuracy and feasibility of the module are verified by three typical cases.
Eosinophil accumulation in postnatal lung is specific to the primary septation phase of development
Authors: Loffredo Lucas F. , Coden Mackenzie E. , Jeong Brian M. , Walker Matthew T. , Anekalla Kishore Reddy , Doan Ton C. , Rodriguez Raul , Browning Mandy , Nam Kiwon , Lee James J. , Abdala-Valencia Hiam , Berdnikovs Sergejs
Published: March 2020

Type 2 immune cells and eosinophils are transiently present in the lung tissue not only in pathology (allergic disease, parasite expulsion) but also during normal postnatal development. However, the lung developmental processes underlying airway recruitment of eosinophils after birth remain unexplored. We determined that in mice, mature eosinophils are transiently recruited to the lung during postnatal days 3–14, which specifically corresponds to the primary septation/alveolarization phase of lung development. Developmental eosinophils peaked during P10-14 and exhibited Siglec-Fmed/highCD11c−/low phenotypes, similar to allergic asthma models. By interrogating the lung transcriptome and proteome during peak eosinophil recruitment in postnatal development, we identified markers that functionally capture the establishment of the mesenchymal-epithelial interface (Nes, Smo, Wnt5a, Nog) and the deposition of the provisional extracellular matrix (ECM) (Tnc, Postn, Spon2, Thbs2) as a key lung morphogenetic event associating with eosinophils. Tenascin-C (TNC) was identified as one of the key ECM markers in the lung epithelial-mesenchymal interface both at the RNA and protein levels, consistently associating with eosinophils in development and disease in mice and humans. As determined by RNA-seq analysis, naïve murine eosinophils cultured with ECM enriched in TNC significantly induced expression of Siglec-F, CD11c, eosinophil peroxidase, and other markers typical for activated eosinophils in development and allergic inflammatory responses. TNC knockout mice had an altered eosinophil recruitment profile in development. Collectively, our results indicate that lung morphogenetic processes associated with heightened Type 2 immunity are not merely a tissue “background” but specifically guide immune cells both in development and pathology.
Arteriovenous Malformation MAP2K1 Mutation Causes Local Cartilage Overgrowth by a Cell-Non Autonomous Mechanism
Authors: Konczyk Dennis J. , Goss Jeremy A. , Smits Patrick J. , Sudduth Christopher L. , Al-Ibraheemi Alyaa , Greene Arin K.
Published: March 2020

Extracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is most commonly caused by MAP2K1 mutations in the endothelial cell. The purpose of this study was to determine if local tissue overgrowth associated with AVM is caused by direct or indirect effects of the MAP2K1 mutation (i.e., cell-autonomous or cell-non autonomous). Because cartilage does not have blood vessels, we studied ear AVMs to determine if overgrown cartilage contained AVM-causing mutations. Cartilage was separated from its surrounding tissue and isolated by laser capture microdissection. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to identify MAP2K1 mutations. MAP2K1 (p.K57N) variants were present in the tissue adjacent to the cartilage [mutant allele frequency (MAF) 6–8%], and were enriched in endothelial cells (MAF 51%) compared to non-endothelial cells (MAF 0%). MAP2K1 mutations were not identified in the overgrown cartilage, and thus local cartilage overgrowth likely results from the effects of adjacent mutant blood vessels (i.e., cell-non autonomous).
Pharmacological inhibition of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated exacerbates acute kidney injury by activating p53 signaling in mice
Authors: Uehara Masahiro , Kusaba Tetsuro , Ida Tomoharu , Nakai Kunihiro , Nakata Tomohiro , Tomita Aya , Watanabe-Uehara Noriko , Ikeda Kisho , Kitani Takashi , Yamashita Noriyuki , Kirita Yuhei , Matoba Satoaki , Humphreys Benjamin D. , Tamagaki Keiichi
Published: March 2020

The DNA damage response after kidney injury induces cell cycle arrest in renal tubular epithelial cells, resulting in the secretion of pro-fibrotic cytokines, thereby promoting interstitial fibrosis in a paracrine manner. Phosphorylation of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is the initial step in the DNA damage response and subsequent cell cycle arrest; however, the effects of ATM inhibition on the injured kidney have not been explored. Pharmacological ATM inhibition by KU55933 in cisplatin-treated mice did not ameliorate, but instead exacerbated cisplatin-induced DNA damage and tubular injury, thereby increasing mortality. Analysis of isolated tubular epithelia by FACS from bigenic SLC34a1-CreERt2; R26tdTomato proximal tubular-specific reporter mice revealed that KU55933 upregulated p53 and subsequent pro-apoptotic signaling in tubular epithelia of cisplatin-treated mice, leading to marked mitochondrial injury and apoptosis. In addition, KU55933 attenuated several DNA repair processes after cisplatin treatment, including single-strand DNA repair and Fanconi anemia pathways, suggesting that DNA repair after dual treatment of cisplatin and KU55933 was not sufficient to prevent the cisplatin-induced tubular injury. Our study suggested that ATM inhibition does not increase DNA repair after cisplatin-induced DNA damage and exacerbates tubular injury through the upregulation of p53-dependent pro-apoptotic signaling. Acute kidney injury must be carefully monitored when ATM inhibitors become available in clinical practice in the future.
Publisher Correction: A thirteen-million-year divergence between two lineages of Indonesian coelacanths
Authors: Kadarusman  , Sugeha Hagi Yulia , Pouyaud Laurent , Hocdé Régis , Hismayasari Intanurfemi B. , Gunaisah Endang , Widiarto Santoso B. , Arafat Gulam , Widyasari Ferliana , Mouillot David , Paradis Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Piscine orthoreovirus demonstrates high infectivity but low virulence in Atlantic salmon of Pacific Canada
Authors: Polinski Mark P. , Marty Gary D. , Snyman Heindrich N. , Garver Kyle A.
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: A randomised controlled trial of rosuvastatin for the prevention of aminoglycoside-induced kidney toxicity in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: McWilliam Stephen J. , Rosala-Hallas Anna , Jones Ashley P. , Shaw Victoria , Greenhalf William , Jaki Thomas , Smyth Alan R. , Smyth Rosalind L. , Pirmohamed Munir
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Simultaneous effect of strain rate and humidity on the structure and mechanical behavior of spider silk
Authors: Yazawa Kenjiro , Malay Ali D. , Masunaga Hiroyasu , Norma-Rashid Y. , Numata Keiji
Published: March 2020

Spider dragline silk fibers are important in nature for capturing prey and as a lifeline. However, spider silk is exposed to a range of humidity and deformation conditions, and it is important to understand what effect these have on its properties. Here, we simultaneously investigated the effect of a wide range of strain rates on the structural and mechanical properties of spider silk under different humidity conditions. The toughness of the silk fiber was enhanced under mild humidity and high deformation rate conditions, which occur in the natural habitat of spiders. Structural changes in the fiber upon tension were monitored with a wide-angle X-ray scattering system, showing that during stretching the orientation of the crystalline β-sheets aligned, whereas the crystallite size decreased. These findings help to understand the link between the structural changes and mechanical behavior of spider silk.
Influence of co-cultures ofStreptococcus thermophilus and probiotic lactobacilli on quality and antioxidant capacity parameters of lactose-free fermented dairy beverages containingSyzygium cumini(L.) Skeels pulp
Authors: Garcia Sabrina Laís Alves , da Silva Gabriel Monteiro , Medeiros Juliana Maria Svendsen , de Queiroga Anna Paula Rocha , de Queiroz Blenda Brito , de Farias Daniely Rayane Bezerra , Correia Joyceana Oliveira , Florentino Eliane Rolim , Alonso Buriti Flávia Carolina
Published: March 2020

Probiotic dairy beverages for lactose intolerants had lactobacilli viability above 7 log CFU for 21 days. The co-cultures studied showed proteolytic activity and reinforced the effect of the jambolan pulp on the antioxidant capacity of the products.
Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of spiropyrrolidine-oxindole and bis-spiropyrrolizidine-oxindole grafted macrocycles through [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azomethine ylides
Authors: Prabhakaran Perumal , Rajakumar Perumal
Published: March 2020

Spiropyrrolidine-oxindole grafted and bis-spiropyrrolizidine-oxindole grafted macrocyles with triazole as a spacer unit have been achievedviaregioselective and stereoselective intra and self-intermolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azomethine ylides (click reaction).
Metal–organic framework nanosheets for enhanced performance of organic photovoltaic cells
Authors: Sasitharan Kezia , Bossanyi David G. , Vaenas Naoum , Parnell Andrew J. , Clark Jenny , Iraqi Ahmed , Lidzey David G. , Foster Jonathan A.
Published: March 2020

Metal–organic framework nanosheets (MONs) are incorporated into the active layer of bulk heterojunction polymer–fullerene solar cells for the first time, resulting in an almost doubling of power conversion efficiency.
Bio-inspired design of active photo-mechano-chemically dual-responsive photonic film based on cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers
Authors: Zhang Yan-Song , Jiang Shun-An , Lin Jia-De , Lee Chia-Rong
Published: March 2020

The photonic color-changing function of chameleons can be achieved by bionic soft-active photomechanochemically responsive cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers.
Substrate dependent resistive switching in amorphous-HfOx memristors: an experimental and computational investigation
Authors: Basnet Pradip , Pahinkar Darshan G , West Matthew P. , Perini Christopher J. , Graham Samuel , Vogel Eric M.
Published: March 2020

Long-range thermal environment makes significant impact on resistive switching in amorphous-HfOx (x ∼ 1.8) memristors; and the substrate of low thermal conductivity improved both the digital and analog switching performance.
HKOCl-4: a rhodol-based yellow fluorescent probe for the detection of hypochlorous acid in living cells and tissues
Authors: Bai Xiaoyu , Yang Bowei , Chen Hansen , Shen Jiangang , Yang Dan
Published: March 2020

Highly sensitive and selective yellow probes, HKOCl-4 and its derivatives, have been developed for detecting endogenous HOCl in cytosol and mitochondria of living cells. In addition, visualization of HOCl production in ischemic stroke model has been achieved with HKOCl-4r.
Copper-catalyzed tandem phosphorylative allenylation/cyclization of 1-(o-aminophenyl)prop-2-ynols with the P(O)–H species: access to C2-phosphorylmethylindoles
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yan , Zou Yun-Xiang , Ni Hai-Liang , Zhang Jing , Dong Hong-Bo , Chen Long
Published: March 2020

A novel method to synthesize C2-phosphorylmethylindoles via the carbocation formation initiated tandem phosphorylative allenylation/cyclization of 1-(o-aminophenyl)prop-2-ynols with the P(O)–H species has been developed.
Activity of La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3−δ, Ni3Sn2and Gd-doped CeO2towards the reverse water-gas shift reaction and carburisation for a high-temperature H2O/CO2co-electrolysis
Authors: Bogolowski Nicky , Sánchez Batalla Beatriz , Shin Baekkyoung , Drillet Jean-Francois
Published: March 2020

LSCrM,Ni3Sn2and GDC20powders show high activity and selectivity for the RWGS reaction.
Facile synthesis of battery waste-derived graphene for transparent and conductive film application by an electrochemical exfoliation method
Authors: Prakoso Bagas , Ma Yuanyuan , Stephanie Ruth , Hawari Naufal Hanif , Suendo Veinardi , Judawisastra Hermawan , Zong Yun , Liu Zhaolin , Sumboja Afriyanti
Published: March 2020

Low defect ratio graphene with promising conductivity and transparency can be obtained from the spent graphite in Zn–C battery waste.
An effective strategy of constructing a multi-junction structure by integrating a heterojunction and a homojunction to promote the charge separation and transfer efficiency of WO3
Authors: Li Yanting , Liu Zhifeng , Li Junwei , Ruan Mengnan , Guo Zhengang
Published: March 2020

Constructing a multi-junction structure by integrating homojunction and heterojunction is an effective strategy for adequate light absorption, effective charge separation and transfer of WO3 photoanodes.
“Nano-garden cultivation” for electrocatalysis: controlled synthesis of Nature-inspired hierarchical nanostructures
Authors: Yan Xiaoyu , Zhao Yang , Biemolt Jasper , Zhao Kai , Laan Petrus C. M. , Cao Xiaojuan , Yan Ning
Published: March 2020

The rational coupling of hydrothermal and electrodeposition approaches enables controlled synthesis of various CoP Nature-inspired nanostructures with distinct electrocatalytic performance.
Gold nanorods with surface charge-switchable activities for enhanced photothermal killing of bacteria and eradication of biofilm
Authors: Qiao Zhuangzhuang , Yao Yan , Song Shaomin , Yin Meihui , Yang Min , Yan Daoping , Yang Lijiao , Luo Jianbin
Published: March 2020

The gold nanorods (PCB-AuNRs) with pH induced surface charge transform activities were used for photothermal disinfection of planktonic bacteria and eradication of bacterial biofilms.
Highly-improved performance of inverted planar perovskite solar cells by glucose modification
Authors: Zhang Yunxin , Chen Siqi , Chen Hao , Zhang Guodong , Zhao Min , Zhao Chengjie , Guo Wenfei , Ji Wenjie , Shi Zhiqiang , Jiu Tonggang
Published: March 2020

Glucose is introduced for the preparation of high-quality MAPbI3 perovskite film, boosting the device efficiency to 20.15% with suppressed hysteresis.
A healable waterborne polyurethane synergistically cross-linked by hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds for composite conductors
Authors: Yang Yan , Ye Zushan , Liu Xiaoxuan , Su Jiahui
Published: March 2020

Healable waterborne polyurethanes synergistically cross-linked by dynamic hydrogen bonds and photo-curable double bonds for composite conductors.
Synergistic effects of charge transport engineering and passivation enabling efficient inverted perovskite quantum-dot light-emitting diodes
Authors: Pan Jiangyong , Fang Fan , Xie Jing , Wang Lixi , Chen Jing , Chang Jianhua , Lei Wei , Zhang Wei , Zhao Dewei
Published: March 2020

A synergistic engineering strategy of improved charge transport and facile post-passivation enhances the performance of inverted perovskite QD light-emitting diodes.
Photoswitchable fluorescent polymer nanoparticles as high-security anticounterfeiting materials for authentication and optical patterning
Authors: Abdollahi Amin , Alidaei-Sharif Hossein , Roghani-Mamaqani Hossein , Herizchi Ata
Published: March 2020

Spiropyran-containing stimuli-chromic flexible latex nanoparticles were synthesized for development of high-security anticounterfeiting inks with application in print-marking and finger-printing on cellulosic substrates.
MapReduce framework based big data clustering using fractional integrated sparse fuzzy C means algorithm
Authors: Kulkarni Omkaresh , Jena Sudarson , Ravi Sankar V.
Published: March 2020

Big data analytics gain significant interest over the traditional data‐processing methodologies that engage in extracting the hidden patterns and correlations from the massive data, termed as big data. With the aim of relieving the computational complexity the clustering method plays a significant role. With the knowledge of the clustering algorithms, the big data arriving from the distributed sources is processed using the MapReduce framework (MRF). The MRF possesses two functions, namely, map function and reduce function, such that the map function is based on the proposed Fractional Sparse Fuzzy C‐Means (FrSparse FCM) algorithm and reduce function is based on particle swarm optimisation‐based whale optimisation algorithm (P‐Whale). Initially, the optimal centroids are computed using the proposed algorithm in the mapper phase that is optimally tuned in the reducer phase, and it is clear that the proposed FrSparse FCM‐based MRF ensures the parallel processing of the big data. Experimentation is performed using the Skin data set and the localisation data set taken from the UCI machine learning repository, and the analysis is progressed using the metrics, such as accuracy and DB Index. The analysis proves that the proposed method acquired a maximum accuracy of 90.6012% and a minimum DB Index of 5.33.