bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FISCAL STIMULATION OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT: THE EU COUNTRIES’ CASES
Authors: Khudolei V. , Bespalov M. , Tulchynska S. , Tulchinsky R. , Kholiavko N.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The objective of this article is to form the basis for strengthening the fiscal stimulus spatial development of regional economic systems in the context of decentralization. The methods of research: dialectical, synthesis, analysis, generalizations and monographic, abstraction and generalizations. Results. The authors consider the «fiscal space» as a certain economic spatial formation, formed by elements of the regional economic system, which are involved in the construction of budget components and management of financial flows. The positive impact of the fiscal policy’s implementation in the context of decentralization is highlighted, as well as a certain imbalance of certain areas that provoke the search for ways of fiscal policy objectives intra-regional coordination. Summarizing the experience of European countries on fiscal stimulation of the development of regional economic systems, the following trends are highlighted: first, the main regulatory instruments are tax and budgetary policies, the level of their development and independence in the regions of countries; secondly, regional fiscal policy is always subordinated to the national economic development strategy; thirdly, taxes are becoming a tool for both stimulating and restraining the regions’ development. The article proposes the ways to smooth out negative challenges and the task of regional development’s fiscal stimulation is defined. The experience of European countries allows us to explore the prospects for developing tools for fiscal stimulus to ensure the sustainability and modernization of the regional space. Conclusions. The experience of European countries in the implementation of fiscal policy in the context of decentralization and the functioning of local self-government is studied. Despite the binding nature and dominance of European norms in fiscal policy, each country has formed its own strategic goals in economic development. This allowed preserving the national identity of individual territories, the specificity of the cultural value’s impact on the fiscal stimulation of regional economic systems. The authors come to the conclusion that the adaptation of the best practices in European countries in the Ukrainian economy’s conditions requires their reformatting under the goals and strategies of national economic policy. Directions of implementation of EU countries’ experience in fiscal stimulus of regional space in Ukraine are identified in the article. Keywords: fiscal space, fiscal stimulus, fiscal policy, European models of fiscal policy, tax system, budget system, decentralization, regional economic system. JEL Classification E63 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 23
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF MACRO-REGULATION OF SOCIAL-ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE-INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Authors: Zakharchenko N. , Andreichenko A. , Zhadanova Yu. , Korolova O. , Navolska N.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the study — is to propose and substantiate the conceptual model of macro-regulation of social-economic relations between the state and innovation-active business entities in terms of innovation and investment development of the economy of Ukraine.
The article proposes a systematic approach to building a mechanism for macro-regulation of innovation and investment activities. The influence of innovation and investment changes on the acceleration of social progress is analyzed. The conceptual approach to the formation of the budget strategy of the state in the form of tax deduction from the value added of innovatively active economic entities proposed by the authors is formed on the basis of generalization of modern economic theories.
It was revealed, that only through the growth of gross domestic product it is impossible to overcome poverty and increase the educational and cultural level. This allowed the authors to base the guidelines of methodological and practical aspects on the rational and effective interaction between the state and innovation-active actors of Ukraine, aimed at increasing real income, education, health, greening and general culture of society.
The authors’ consideration of the category «quality of life» as a synergistic indicator of social-economic development under the influence of investment and innovation processes allows to more accurately define the tasks, functions, priorities and effectiveness of such macro-regulation. Building new social-economic relations on the basis of the proposed model makes it possible to optimize these processes of interaction taking into account transformational changes in the country’s economy and social development, which means benefiting from innovation and high technology in achieving common goals of the state and innovation-active business entities in raising the national level of welfare of society.
The scientific novelty is to consider macroregulation issues related to building such a synergistic interaction between the state and innovation-active economic entities when material and universal values is created and the achieved positive result from the implementation of changes is comprehensively determined.
Keywords: regulation, interaction, resource, indicators, state, innovations, synergy, system, business entities.
JEL Classification E65, G38, O1, O38
Formulas: 3; fig.: 3; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 15.
BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS IN MODERN RESEARCH OF REGIONAL AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT: THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Voznyak H. , Patytska Kh. , Kloba Т.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In terms (conditions) of socio-economic crisis, there are changes in the algorithms of acceptance of the investment, financial, management, and other decisions at various levels, which requires the emphasis on the patterns of behavior of participants in financial and economic processes in conditions of risk and uncertainty. The article aims to review the key postulates of behavioral economics, substantiate the possibility and feasibility of applying the theoretical foundations of behavioral economics as the latest model of the irrational behavior of financial and economic relations in practice management at regional and local levels.
 The theoretical foundations of behavioral economics are revealed, the preconditions of origin (scientific bases, technological level, socio-economic bases) and stages of formation are determined. The interdisciplinary nature of behavioral economics as a science-based on the provisions of economics, psychology, sociology, neurobiology, and studies of socio-economic problems using non-traditional methods and approaches is proved. The study found that the growing trend of the practical application of behavioral economics at the regional and local levels is associated with the possibility of taking into account, except objective factors, irrational behavior of participants in financial and economic processes in conditions of risk and uncertainty. Behavioral differences between «economic man» and Humans are substantiated. It is established that people have such behavioral features as presumed irrationality; limited cognitive skills, emotions, morals, and social norms; limited selfishness; inconsistency (variability) of preferences. The expediency of studying economic relations at the regional and local levels on the basis of behavioral economics is justified by the possibility of explaining the abnormal behavior of economic agents in conditions of uncertainty and risk, which encourages the search for new behavioral strategies of financial and economic relations.
Keywords: behavioral economy, regional development, local development, behavioral effects, behavioral patterns.
JEL Classification A 11, A12, B5
Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 17.
THE PROCESS MANAGEMENT OF ENSURING THE ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES INFORMATIZATION
Authors: Arefieva О. , Miahkykh I. , Kovalenko N. , Zham О. , Popova G.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to develop a mechanism of process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness of the enterprise in terms of the economic processes informatization. The following general scientific and applied research methods were used in the research process: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction were used in the process management of determining the methodological basis of the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness; systematization and generalization in the process of clarifying the purpose, object and subject of the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness; the method of abstraction and formalization — to substantiate the conceptual provisions of the process management mechanism of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness in terms of the economic processes informatization; monographic methods — for in-depth study of the tasks; abstract-logical methods — for theoretical generalization of research results and formulation of conclusions and suggestions. The suggested mechanism for the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness in terms of the economic processes informatization allows to determine the level of resource potential and a better choice of the optimal competitive strategy of the enterprise development, and decision making will more precisely justify specific measures to strengthen the market position. The practical significance of the study is, first of all, to build a scheme for the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness of in terms of the economic processes informatization, which creates prerequisites for a responsible and sound policy to improve the management of competitiveness. Originality lies in substantiating the structural elements of the process management of ensuring the competitiveness of the enterprise in terms of the economic processes informatization that affect and determine measures to improve the management of the enterprise competitiveness, which combines the study of active business processes, financial support and information support.
Keywords: mechanism, potential, management functions, management principles, competitiveness, resource potential, competitive strategies.
Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 23.
СТАТИСТИЧНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДОХОДІВ МІСЦЕВИХ БЮДЖЕТІВ В УМОВАХ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Семенець А. , Тюріна Д. , Кузькін Є. , Ярмак О.
Published: April 2021

Анотація. Присвячено економіко-статистичним дослідженням тенденцій формування доходів місцевих бюджетів унаслідок реформи децентралізації, ідентифікації основних проблем, таких як: значна диференціація у бюджетній забезпеченості регіонів, що виникає через низку чинників (соціальних, географічних, ресурсних, законодавчих); залежність регіонів від центральних органів влади через відсутність дієвих механізмів передавання повноважень на місця, що гальмує ефективність та знижує доцільність делегування деяких функцій; недостатній рівень фінансової забезпеченості регіонів. А також виявлення напрямів їх усунення. Основними напрямами розв’язання зазначених проблем є створення умов для нарощення власних доходів місцевих бюджетів в умовах обмеженості бюджетних коштів. Дослідження показали, що соціально-економічний розвиток регіонів України має значну диференціацію за адміністративно-територіальними одиницями, що відбивається на рівні та якості життя населення в регіонах, рівні їхньої конкурентоспроможності, розвитку економіки, соціально-економічного стану. Державна регіональна політика, що велася країною десятиліттями, створила глибоку залежність регіонів від центру і брак стимулів до розвитку власними силами на основі розроблення механізмів ефективного використання потенціалу регіонів України. Саме на ліквідацію цих негативних тенденцій і направлена політика децентралізації, що проводиться останнім часом. Успіх цієї політики може бути забезпечений тільки на основі вдосконалення й реформування системи фінансування місцевого самоврядування. Місцеві бюджети є основним інструментом, за допомогою якого місцева влада реалізує на практиці програму соціально-економічного розвитку регіону. Але в даний час механізм формування місцевих бюджетів є неефективним, що підтверджується недостатньою кількістю фінансових ресурсів у місцевому бюджеті для проведення самостійної програми соціально-економічного розвитку. На основі статистичної інформації досліджено структуру і склад доходів місцевих бюджетів, визначено їх вплив на соціально-економічний розвиток регіонів України. Проведені дослідження дозволяють зробити висновок про те, що для успішної реалізації політики децентралізації потрібний індивідуальний підхід до формування кожної адміністративно-територіальної одиниці з ґрунтовним опрацюванням економічної достатності та самостійності цієї одиниці, а також на цій основі соціально-економічного розвитку цієї адміністративно-територіальної одиниці в цілому.
Ключові слова: доходи, видатки, місцеві видатки, місцеві бюджети,  децентралізація, статистика.
Формул: 0; рис.: 5; табл.: 0; бібл.: 18.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR INCREASING THE INNOVATIVE COMPONENT OF UKRAINE’S INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Bogatyrov O. , Baula О. , Liutak O. , Galaziuk N.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The article describes the dynamics of Ukraine’s position in the Global Innovation Index for 2015—2019. It is revealed that the domestic economy has a high educational and scientific potential, is able to produce various innovations in the form of ideas, scientific developments, patents; the bottlenecks of Ukraine in the state of innovative development are the state of cluster development, the share of foreign direct investment in GDP, the online service of the government, the use of information and communication technologies, the availability of joint agreements on strategic alliances, the state of domestic lending to the private sector, the export of goods of the creative economy, the volume of microfinance loans, the presence of firms offering formal training, the state of cooperation between universities and production, agreements with venture capital. It is proved that the problem of improving the financial mechanism for ensuring innovation processes in the economic system of Ukraine requires a priority solution. Developments on increasing the innovative component of increasing Ukraine’s international competitiveness are impossible without adequate financial support. The article examines the foreign experience of state support for innovation activities. It is revealed that in developed countries — the world’s leading innovation leaders, public policy provides for direct funding of scientific research and through tax measures encourages private sector R&D spending. The concept of financial support for increasing the innovative component of Ukraine’s international competitiveness, which should be implemented at the strategic, tactical and operational levels, is proposed. To ensure a sustainable level of international competitiveness of the country through increasing the innovation component, it is important to implement a system of measures to monitor threats even at the stage of their origin and prevent the spread of their negative impact. Therefore, the methods and tools for implementing the proposed concept contain components of threat prevention: economic (tax incentives; transfers ;direct budget investments; grants; concessional lending; cooperation with foreign institutions, etc.), organizational (development of innovative infrastructure; consulting assistance; personnel support; creation of clusters using the potential of education, business, government, public; creation of regional clusters with innovation and industry production, etc.), institutional (techno parks, business incubators, analytical centres, etc.), regulatory (strategies, concepts, plans, programs) and social levers (conducting business trainings, implementing joint social projects, etc.).
Keywords: innovation, Global Innovation Index, financial support for innovative development, international competitiveness, cluster.
JEL Classification O11, O19, O16, O33, E62, F20
Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 2; bibl: 16.
HIGH PROTEIN FEED MARKET: CURRENT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Petrychenko V. , Likhochvor V. , Voronetska I. , Fedoryshyna L. , Petrychenko I.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The research is devoted to the problem of formation of high-protein feeds market for farm animals in Ukraine in conditions of European integration processes. The problem of providing the population with high quality food is becoming more global, the demand for high protein food products of a good quality is growing as well as the need for protein-balanced feeds for livestock. The dynamics of high-protein feed production in Ukraine and EU countries has been studied. The tendencies of the high-protein feeds market formation in Ukraine are considered. By means of benchmarking, price trends in the protein feed market in the EU and Ukraine have been analyzed. Ukraine has favorable soil and climatic conditions for the production of quality, safe products as well as efficient logistic routes available. As a result of the study it was found that the key factor for Ukraine’s penetration into the EU feed market is the need for high-protein feeds. The directions of solving the problem of feed protein deficiency for the needs of animal husbandry are determined. Environmental problems regarding feed quality and safety in the context of Ukraine’s aspirations for European integration are substantiated. The legislative basis for ensuring the quality and safety of feed and feed resources is considered. As a result of SWOT-analysis of vegetable protein production in Ukraine, it was found that Ukraine has significant potential for the production of competitive feed protein that meets domestic needs, form high export potential and promote entry into European and Asian markets. It is emphasized that the process of Ukraine’s European integration requires constant marketing research of the sectoral situation changes with account of the specific features of domestic production of high-protein feeds, highlighting key factors of Ukraine’s presence and its potentialities in the EU agricultural market and outlining the prospects for its development. Increase in the performance of farm animals and margins of livestock production requires balanced diets and reduction of feed cost in the costs structure due to the use of high protein feeds. It is important for Ukraine to promote the development of the market for high-protein and bulk feeds on the industrial basis as well as the development of organic feed and livestock production. Development of the competitive feed market in Ukraine and solving of the environmental and social problems of intensive animal husbandry requires the improvement of legislation to meet the requirements of EU Directives on the production, processing and efficient use of feed resources.
Keywords: feed market, feed production, high-protein feed, protein balance, price, SWOT-analysis.
Formulas: 0; fig.: 6; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 19.
THE FINANCIAL COMPONENT OF THE COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Kryvytska O. , Doroshenko H. , Babych D. , Krykun O. , Kovalchuk V.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The article defines the role of the financial component of the communication management strategy in HEIs based on the construction of the algorithm for optimizing the distribution of costs for communication processes and the construction of the financial mechanism of communication management. Communication processes in HEIs have a number of specific features due to the fact that a large number of people and groups of people with different levels of education, level of intelligence, age, upbringing and interests take part in the communication process. That is, effective communication management of HEIs requires from the management of institutions to develop a management strategy that would satisfy the interests of all groups of communication process participants. It has been emphasized that the communication management strategy in HEIs should be developed for the long term taking into account the conditions of the changing external environment, and have the goal to continuously transmit information to employers, applicants, their parents, and the whole society in order to make the services of institutions attractive to the target audience and have feedback which would allow monitoring the quality of communication processes and have an economic effect from their implementation. It has been noted that one of the main components of the communication management strategy in HEIs is finance. An algorithm has been built to optimize the costs of managing communication in HEIs based on the use of the classical method of mathematical nonlinear programming problems optimization. A financial mechanism for managing communication in HEIs has been built, which is a system of measures aimed at achieving a certain level of communication processes management while maintaining a certain level of financial stability and independence. It has been concluded that the financial component of the communication management strategy in HEIs is one of its main elements, which allows constant increasing the level of institutions competitiveness and the quality of education as well as scientific and technical potential.
Keywords: financial component, communication, management strategy, costs, algorithm, mechanism, higher education institutions.
Formulas: 11; fig.: 2; tabl.:1; bibl.: 15.
Evaluation of Teaching Professional Ethics of Professor from the Viewpoint of medical and pharmacy students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Valipour Khajehghyasi R , Sadeghimahalli F , Mohammadi M , Shafia S
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Since education is a profession and is the foundation of sustainable human development, the observance of professional ethics in teaching and/or education will lead to the realization of educational goals in universities. Therefore, the present study or the purpose of evaluating the professional ethics of the teaching of professors from the Viewpoint of medical and pharmacy students was conducted in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: The present study is descriptive cross-sectional. The study population included all medical and pharmacy professional doctoral students entering the 99-98 Iranian academic year in which 118 people were randomly selected. The data collection tool was the professional ethics questionnaire of Professor prepared by Sobhaninejad et al. That was in the form of 6 components and 48 items.The scoring scale of the items was based on the Likert five-choice scale from one to five. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (single group t-test and independent t-test) using SPSS21 statistical software.
Result: The total score of teachers 'professional ethics from the students' point of view was 3.59±0.63 and there was no significant difference (p = 0.231) between the views of male (3.5±0.65) and female (3.65±0.61) students. The results of comparing the components of teaching between students of the two fields showed that score of components of standard evaluation and learner cognition from views of medical students were higher than pharmacy students.
Conclusion: Although the total average score obtained by the professional ethics of teaching professors in the two schools was at an average and relatively desirable level, is still far from the desired and standard situation and needs more planning by educational planners in order to improve the level of professional ethics of teaching.
Identifying of Damages and Psychological Dysfunctions of the Students with Academic Failure: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Aminian A , Mahmoodpour A
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Academic failure is one of the most common problems among university students, which accompanied by a range of interpersonal and psychological disorders and impairs a person's function in all aspects of the life. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the quality of damages and psychological dysfunctions of the students with academic failure.  Method: This study was administered by qualitative method and the descriptive phenomenological. The study population of this study consisted of all  masters' degree students with academic failure in Allameh Tabatabayi University in the years of 2016-2018. In addition, the sampling method was purposeful sampling during which 16 students were selected to participate in the study and then they were interviewed. All interviews were recorded and then transcribed line by line and eventually were  analyzed by using the Diekelmann et al. descriptive analysis method., Low self-esteem, communication fractures and discomforts) and 26 sub-themes in the field of injuries and psychological dysfunctions of students were conditioned.
Results: Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted and the analysis of the data from the interviews led to identification and classifying of 6 main themes (psychological distress and discomfort, unpleasant perceptual emotions, cognitive-mental impairments, unresolved grief, low self-esteem, failures and relational Inconveniences) and 26 sun themes in the field of the psychological dysfunctions of students became.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present article, functional programs should be designed and implemented with the aim of correcting and improving the common psychological problems and dysfunctions among students on academic probation, thus their efficiency in handling their academic duties and responsibilities will increase.
Determination of thermophysical properties of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) dry almonds
Authors: Cunha Elisa Santana , Lima Geovana Pires Araújo , Sales Jorge Henrique Oliveira , Oliveira Elizama Aguiar de
Published: April 2021

In comparison to cocoa, little has been reported on the drying of cupuassu almonds that can be used to produce cupulate, a chocolate type product. Thus, in this study thermophysical properties of cupuassu dry almonds (moisture = 9.68 % d.b.) were determined as: thermal conductivity (k) of 0.14 kW/(m.K), specific heat (cp) of 2.86 kJ/(kg.K), thermal diffusivity (?) of 4.8·10-5 m²/s, effective diffusivity (Deff) of 9.94·10-10 - 6.29·10-10 m²/s and activation energy (Ea) of 14.90 kJ/mol. These results showed a similarity of values between cupuassu and cocoa and allows to perform more specific studies for the development of dryers for the cupuassu almonds.
Los útiles de las Cocinas tradicionales colombianas, una aproximación desde el diseño con enfoque sistémico
Authors: Garzón Osorio Daniela , Cardozo Vásquez John
Published: April 2021

Las cocinas tradicionales son uno de los más preciados símbolos de la identidad de las sociedades, se caracterizan porque integran todas las dimensiones perceptivas de las personas. El repertorio objetual requerido para su preparación y consumo, es un campo de investigación para el diseño industrial para posicionar la culinaria colombiana. La investigación es exploratoria cualitativa, se exponen las características de las cocinas tradicionales colombianas (CTC), se proponen dos herramientas de análisis conceptual con enfoque sistémico para caracterizar estos sistemas objetuales. Se presenta el análisis de un caso de CTC.
La moda come sistema di segni nel mondo iperconnesso
Authors: Calefato Patrizia
Published: April 2021

Este artículo se centra en el papel de la moda como un sistema transcultural capaz de expresar tensiones, hibridaciones, traducciones, entre los lenguajes del cuerpo, en el contexto de la condición hiperconectada de la era contemporánea. El concepto de fashionscapes, acuñado sobre el modelo de flujos culturales globales articulados en Appadurai -scapes, expresa una idea de moda que hoy da vida a paisajes, perspectivas, territorios, reales e imaginarios, hechos de materia física y materia de signos, de cuerpos orgánicos y datos digitales. El ensayo analizará las transformaciones introducidas en el mundo de la moda por la pandemia del Coronavirus, con especial referencia al papel de los medios digitales.
El principio Kompetenz-Kompetenz, revisitado a la luz de la Ley de arbitraje comercial internacional argentina
Authors: Caivano Roque J. , Ceballos Ríos Natalia M.
Published: April 2021

Como uno de los pilares del arbitraje internacional, la doctrina kompetenz-kompetenz tiene una función dual. En un sentido positivo, representa el reconocimiento de la existencia de una jurisdicción arbitral que se funda en el acuerdo de las partes y, en consecuencia, el poder de cualquier tribunal para decidir sobre su propia jurisdicción cuando esta es cuestionada. En su sentido negativo, el principio reconoce el poder de los árbitros de ser los primeros jueces que evalúen y decidan sobre su jurisdicción.En este artículo, los autores recapitulan el mencionado principio dentro de la recientemente promulgada Ley de Arbitraje Comercial Internacional argentina, colocando énfasis en sus múltiples matices, que en ocasiones pasan inadvertidos por los tribunales estatales. El propósito es comprender, mediante la lógica y utilidad práctica del principio, la distribución razonable y equilibrada de los roles entre la justicia arbitral y judicial.
Uniformity and Diversity in the Enforcement of Arbitration Clauses in Canada
Authors: Saumier Geneviève
Published: April 2021

Arbitration is well established in Canada. All jurisdictions have implemented the 1958 New York Convention, the UNCITRAL Model Law on Arbitration and equivalent legislation for domestic arbitration. This generally supportive legal landscape for arbitration is often at odds with access to justice for consumers. As a result, several jurisdictions in Canada have adopted legislation to guarantee consumers’ access to local courts, including through class actions, notwithstanding the inclusion of arbitration clauses in their contracts. The constitutional division of powers in Canada entitles each province to adopt its own policy, leading to diversity across the country with regard to the enforceability of arbitration clauses in consumer contracts. In this paper, the author examines the tension between general support for arbitration and differentiated treatment of consumer arbitration in Canada. To that end, the author examines relevant legislation in several provinces (including Quebec and Ontario) as well as recent jurisprudence from the Supreme Court of Canada (Dell Computer (2007), Telus (2011) and Wellman (2019)). The 2020 decision from the Supreme Court of Canada in Uber may signal a new openness toward extending protection to other vulnerable contracting parties such as employees.
Al calor de un disenso
Authors: Berckemeyer Olaechea Fernando
Published: April 2021

En el arbitraje los disensos no suelen ser bien vistos. Se sostiene que debilitan la autoridad de los laudos y, con ella la del arbitraje, sirviendo en los hechos solo para la promoción de la carrera, o el desfogue del ego, del árbitro que no logró convencer a la mayoría. En este artículo, el autor va contra la opinión preponderante y hace una defensa de la utilidad del voto disidente como un elemento que –incluso cuando permanece solo como pura posibilidad– sirve al buen funcionamiento del tribunal como “una mente de a tres”.En ese sentido, el artículo relativiza la estadística que suele usarse para argumentar contra el disen-so arbitral, analiza los diferentes tipos de votos disidentes y cuestiona los estándares con los que una importante corriente doctrinaria sostiene se debería limitar y medir a la institución. En su lugar, propone un sistema en el que “cada voto disidente es el mejor juez de sí mismo” y donde los controles de los disensos sean solo ex post y de mercado.
Opinión experta en arbitraje de construcción: deberes y responsabilidad profesional de los peritos
Authors: Waidhofer Ludeña Katherine
Published: April 2021

Las controversias en la industria de la construcción usualmente requieren de la participación de una variedad de especialistas calificados que puedan asistir al tribunal a comprender la alta complejidad de la ejecución del contrato. Generalmente en el arbitraje, el perito es nombrado por una de las partes en la disputa, aunque debe el sentido de su opinión únicamente al tribunal. Por supuesto, esta relación de aparente ambivalencia puede generar dudas sobre la imparcialidad y objetividad de un experto.En el presente artículo, la autora analiza las distintas normas e instrumentos internacionales que regulan los deberes y la responsabilidad profesional de los peritos en los arbitrajes de construcción. En concreto, evalúa el tratamiento de la figura en el derecho peruano y da luces sobre si la regulación que proporciona el Código Civil es suficiente. Asimismo, señala las principales medidas adoptadas por los tribunales arbitrales para confrontar la objetividad de las opiniones expertas, y el estándar de diligencia aplicable para determinar posibles incumplimientos por parte de los peritos en el ordenamiento peruano.
Arbitraje para conflictos ambientales: una aproximación desde los Derechos Humanos
Authors: De Luis García Elena
Published: April 2021

En la confrontación entre la actividad empresarial y la protección del medio ambiente, pueden producirse daños sobre los derechos fundamentales. Desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos, el arbitraje puede desempeñar un rol importante como mecanismo que puede reducir las barreras de acceso a la justicia para las víctimas de estos conflictos y conseguir una reparación justa para ellas.El objetivo de este artículo es examinar cuáles deben ser los elementos para establecer un adecuado sistema de arbitrabilidad para la reparación del daño derivado de disputas medioambientales. Para ello, la autora se centra en las recientemente aprobadas Reglas de La Haya en Materia de Empresas y Derechos Humanos y analiza los principales desafíos en este campo. Al respecto, resalta la importancia de abordar temas de fondo como la transparencia y el acceso a la información, la necesidad de árbitros calificados, la posibilidad de intervención de terceros y la prevención de reclamaciones colectivas.
¿Más mujeres árbitros? La equidad de género en los tribunales arbitrales
Authors: Herrada Sánchez Tatiana
Published: April 2021

A lo largo de las últimas décadas se han diseñado, presentado e implementado diversas iniciativas públicas y privadas dirigidas a disminuir las brechas de género en distintos escenarios profesionales, promoviendo así la progresiva inclusión de las mujeres en los mismos. Sin embargo, algunos espacios todavía distan de reflejar el verdadero nivel de presencia o de representación suficiente de las mujeres, como es el caso del arbitraje.En este artículo, la autora analiza y contextualiza la importancia de este problema a través de data nacional e internacional recolectada de distintas instituciones para así mostrar cuántas mujeres son efectivamente designadas en tribunales arbitrales y quiénes son los actores involucrados en este proceso. Así, si bien la presencia de más mujeres en el escenario profesional podría ser beneficiosa para lograr una diversidad de perspectivas en el proce-so arbitral, para conseguirla será necesario identificar, mitigar y/o dar solución a los problemas que impiden conseguir espacios más equitativos.
EfficacitÃ© du rechargement de la plage de Pilote Bar (Saint-Louis) aprÃ¨s une dÃ©cennie d'Ã©rosion
Authors: Balde Omar , Sakho Issa , Diouf Mouhamadoul Bachir , Bop Mamadou , Tine Djibril , Ibouroi Wardou
Published: April 2021

L'ouverture d'une brÃ¨che dans la bande de sable de la Langue de Barbarie Ã  Saint Louis (SÃ©nÃ©gal) en 2004 a eu des consÃ©quences sur l'Ã©tendue du bief fleuve-mer du Gandiolais. En effet, les zones en face de la brÃ¨che deviennent trÃ¨s vulnÃ©rables Ã  l'action des vagues dÃ©vastatrices de la Grande CÃ´te. La dÃ©cision d'une protection douce par envasement a Ã©tÃ© prix pour protÃ©ger le village de Pilote Bar des risques d'Ã©rosion et de submersion marine. Cette premiÃ¨re expÃ©rience au SÃ©nÃ©gal a eu des rÃ©sultats positifs. La recharge de la plage du Pilote Bar a favorisÃ© la formation d'un lagon. Une sÃ©dimentation et une augmentation de la hauteur des pentes des plages voisines ont Ã©galement Ã©tÃ© observÃ©es.Les courants mesurÃ©s par l'ADCP RIVER 1200 kW, prÃ©sentent un fonctionnement normal caractÃ©ristique d'une zone fluvio-maritime.
 
This work presents the results of a morpho-dynamic and sedimentological monitoring after beach nourishment and the consecutive formation of a lagoon. Topographic measurements have allowed determining the origin of the sediments present in the lagoon. The movement of the sediments is from the high beach to the lagoon. The analysis of current velocities shows a normal functioning of a fluvio-maritime system with high velocities during the flood period and low velocities during the ebb. Particle size analysis shows that fine-grained sediments are deposited in the underwater part of the beach profile. This first experiment in Senegal had positive results. The recharging of the Pilote Bar beach has favoured the formation of a lagoon. Sedimentation and increase in the height of the slopes of the neighboring beaches were also observed. The currents measured by the ADCP RIVER 1200 kW, indicate a normal operation characteristic of a fluviomaritime zone.
DÃ©terminisme gÃ©nÃ©tique de la tolÃ©rance de Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley (Cucurbitaceae) aux insectes ravageurs et recherche de marqueurs microsatellites SSR associÃ©s aux gÃ¨nes
Authors: Roland Anzara Guy , Michelle ValÃ©rie Angui Chia , Serges Doubi Bi Tra , Selastique Akaffou Doffou , ArsÃ©ne Zoro Bi IriÃ©
Published: April 2021

La gourde olÃ©agineuse, Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley, se caractÃ©rise par un haut potentiel nutritionnel et une forte valeur marchande dont lâ€™intensification de la production pourrait profiter aux agriculteurs, en particulier, les femmes rurales qui en sont les principales productrices. MalgrÃ© lâ€™importance socio-Ã©conomique de la gourde olÃ©agineuse, la production est caractÃ©risÃ©e par de faibles rendements, dus essentiellement aux dÃ©gÃ¢ts occasionnÃ©s par les insectes ravageurs. La prÃ©sente Ã©tude vise Ã  connaitre le dÃ©terminisme gÃ©nÃ©tique de la tolÃ©rance de Lagenaria siceraria aux insectes ravageurs et Ã  identifier les marqueurs molÃ©culaires proches des QTLs contrÃ´lant cette tolÃ©rance. Cette identification serait une Ã©tape importante pour accÃ©lÃ©rer le processus de la tolÃ©rance de L. siceraria aux insectes ravageurs. Des marqueurs molÃ©culaires de type SSR ont Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ©s sur 100 individus de la population F2 (issue de lâ€™autofÃ©condation de la F1 provenant du croisement entre les accessions parentales NI431 et NI227). Un seul QTL dÃ©nommÃ© qTDco a Ã©tÃ© identifiÃ© et le marqueur C1.2.23 a Ã©tÃ© associÃ© Ã  ce QTL. Ce marqueur, utilisÃ©, dans un programme de sÃ©lection assistÃ©e par marqueur, serait un atout considÃ©rable dans le processus de la recherche de la tolÃ©rance de L. siceraria aux insectes ravageurs.
 
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley is characterized by high nutritional potential and high market value. The intensification of L. siceraria could benefit farmers, especially rural women who are the main farmers. Despite the socio-economic importance of this oil gourd, its production is characterized by low yields, mainly due to damage caused by insect pests. The present study aims to identify molecular markers SSR associated to QTLs controlling the tolerance of insect damage. Thoses molecular markers would be an important step in accelerating the process of tolerance of L. siceraria to insect pests. Molecular markers microsatellites SSR were evaluated on 100 individuals of the F2 population (resulting from the self-fertilization of F1 from the crossing between parental accessions NI431 and NI227). A single QTL called qTDco was identified and the marker C1.2.23 was associated with this QTL. This marker used in a marker-assisted selection program would be a considerable asset in the process of researching the tolerance of L. siceraria to insect pests.
Dynamique hydrologique et Ã©volution morpho sÃ©dimentaire du lac AhÃ©mÃ© au Sud-Ouest du BÃ©nin
Authors: Yantikoua Sylvestre , LaÃ¯bi Raoul , Adechina Rodrigue , Kaki Christophe , Mama Daouda , Laleye Philippe
Published: April 2021

Le lac AhÃ©mÃ© dans le complexe estuarien sud-ouest bÃ©ninois connait de nos jours, un vÃ©ritable problÃ¨me de dÃ©gradation dÃ» Ã  lâ€™Ã©volution naturelle et aux activitÃ©s anthropiques ayant contribuÃ© Ã  accÃ©lÃ©rer la vulnÃ©rabilitÃ© de lâ€™hydrosystÃ¨me. La prÃ©sente Ã©tude, basÃ©e sur lâ€™analyse de lâ€™Ã©volution bathymÃ©trique et sÃ©dimentologique des fonds lagunaires vise Ã  caractÃ©riser le rythme de comblement du lac AhÃ©mÃ©. La bathymÃ©trie du lac AhÃ©mÃ© indique un plan dâ€™eau encaissÃ©, Ã  fond plat, avec des profondeurs moyennes comprises entre 1,6 et 2,4 mÃ¨tres. Les sÃ©diments sont vaseux dans la partie centrale du Nord au centre du lac, sablo-vaseux au Sud et Ã  lâ€™Est puis sableux Ã  lâ€™Est et aux abords du lac en contact avec les plateaux de Terre de Barre. Lâ€™analyse comparative des cartes sÃ©dimentologiques et bathymÃ©triques des annÃ©es successives, a montrÃ© que le lac se comble au fil des ans, particuliÃ¨rement dans sa partie sud. Lâ€™Ã©volution des faciÃ¨s sÃ©dimentaires du lac de 1999 Ã  2018 montre une plus large extension des vases et vases sableuses dans la partie sud du lac alors quâ€™elles se cantonnaient autrefois dans la moitiÃ© sud du lac. La rÃ©partition des vases nâ€™est donc plus uniforme, comme câ€™Ã©tait le cas il y a une vingtaine dâ€™annÃ©es. Une telle Ã©volution bathymÃ©trique est le signe tangible dâ€™un comblement et cet Ã©tat de chose est prÃ©judiciable aux organismes vivants infÃ©odÃ©s dans le milieu.
 
Lake AhÃ©mÃ© in the south-western Beninese estuary complex is nowadays experiencing a real problem of degradation due to natural evolution and anthropic activities that have contributed to accelerate the vulnerability of the hydro system. The present study, based on the analysis of the bathymetric and sedimentological evolution of the lagoon bottoms, aims at characterizing the filling rate of Lake AhÃ©mÃ©. The bathymetry of Lake AhÃ©mÃ© indicates an entrenched, flat-bottomed body of water with average depths between 1.6 and 2.4 meters. The sediments are muddy in the central northern part of the lake, sandy-muddy in the south and east, then sandy in the east, and on the edges of the lake in contact with the Terre de Barre plateaus. Comparative analysis of the sedimentological and bathymetric maps of successive years has shown that the lake fills up over the years, particularly in its southern part. The evolution of the sedimentary facies of the lake from 1999 to 2018 shows a wider extension of the mud and sandy mud in the southern part of the lake whereas they were formerly confined to the southern half of the lake. The distribution of mud is therefore no longer uniform, as was the case some twenty years ago. Such a bathymetric evolution is the tangible sign of a filling and this state of affairs is detrimental to the living organisms that are dependent on the environment.
An Interview with Antti Juvonen: Creativity, Talent and Giftedness in Finland
Authors: Shaughnessy Michael , Beaudet Kaitlyn
Published: April 2021

- In your opinion, how well does Finland teach, mentor, coach and help gifted and talented and creative students?
 
I suppose you mean the school education context. I am afraid that gifted, talented and creative students have been almost forgotten in our Finnish school system. I believe that the only thing that is currently being done for gifted, talented and creative pupils is differentiating upwards, which means in practice, offering them some extra exercises. This is mostly because in Finland we have a system where pupils with special needs are put in normal classes with other pupils. It is called inclusion. Pupils with special needs have been supported with a so called â€œthree step supportâ€ since 2011.
The first step is general support which the teacher offers with individual pedagogical solutions.
The second step is aimed for pupils with long-lasting wider needs for support. It is called intensified support. If this does not help the pupil, the system offers specific support which can be offered after quite comprehensive studies are made by psychologists and other specialists. The idea of this model was to help all pupils to get as good and comprehensive an education as possible. What went wrong was that the cities and especially small towns, did not hire enough helping personnel to support the pupils with special needs.
This causes big challenges to class teachers who are put in a position of a special education teacher: they have to take care of pupils with special needs, but at the same time they should be able to teach the rest of the class with normal level pupils and the gifted, talented and creative pupils.
Of course, the pupils with special needs take most of their time, which means that the others must try to learn at least the minimum of the curriculumâ€™s requirements. The most gifted often become frustrated and start inventing activities which also disturb the classroom action and atmosphere. This happens because they are bored and do not get any response or activation or response for their innovativeness or special gifts. So, as a whole I see the situation quite poor from the point of view of those groups mentioned.
Healthcare Organizations and Enterprise Architecture: A Case Study in Canada
Authors: Fogang TallÃ© Samuel , Ofili Uche Onyeka
Published: April 2021

The paper focuses on exploring the perceptions of stakeholders (medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, IT staff and other employees) in healthcare organizations in Canada on how they developed Enterprise Architecture (EA) to improve managerial decision making and align business activities and Information Technology (IT). Both quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted for this research. A total of 120 questionnaires were sent out but only 72 responses were received. Participants included industry professionals involved in implementing information systems (IS) within healthcare organizations. Data was collected physically and through emails. Also 3 subject matter experts (experts) were interviewed for the study. These experts each have over ten yearsâ€™ experience in EA practice and are doctorate degree holders (PhDs). The results of the study showed that stakeholders see the potential for EA to be a tool for planning IT/IS projects, breaking down organizational silos, creating digital transformation, and proactively responding to disruptive forces. They do not see EA as the necessary tool for integrating IT solutions.
Genomic Insights into the Human Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Magalhães Ana Cristina , Pedro Nicole , Pereira Luisa
Published: April 2021

N/a.
Asociación entre caries dental de madres y de sus hijos menores de 72 meses en el centro de crecimiento y desarrollo - lactancia materna Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima –Perú
Authors: Falcon Aguilar Milagros
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre caries dental de madres y de sus hijos menores de 72 meses del Centro de Crecimiento y desarrollo- Lactancia materna del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia en la ciudad de Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Este estudio fue analítico, observacional, y transversal. Y se realizó sobre una muestra de 102 pares madre-hijo, los niños fueron menores de 72 meses de edad. Se realizaron exámenes bucales a ambos y se buscó asociación entre prevalencia de caries dental y experiencia de caries dental con otras variables como edad, sexo y grado de instrucción. Se empleó la prueba estadística de Chi-cuadrado corregida por Yates y Fisher. El estudio contó con un nivel de confianza de 95% y un p<0.05. Resultados: La prevalencia de caries dental en madres fue de 59.8% y en los niños de 9.8%. En cuanto a la experiencia de caries dental, las madres tuvieron un CPOD promedio de 6.8 y un CPOS de 16.7. Los niños tuvieron un ceod promedio de 0.3, y el mismo valor para el ceos. Conclusión: No existió asociación entre caries dental de la madre y sus hijos menores de 72 meses del Centro de Desarrollo y Crecimiento – Lactancia materna en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima- Perú.