bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions and Carbonaceous Aerosols in the Urban Atmosphere in Amman, Jordan
Authors: Al-Hunaiti Afnan , Bakri Zaid , Li Xinyang , Duan Lian , Al-Abdallat Asal , Alastuey Andres , Viana Mar , Arar Sharif , Petäjä Tuukka , Hussein Tareq
Published: July 2024

The Eastern Mediterranean is a unique region for air pollution because it is the crossroads between three continents exchanging air pollution transported between Africa, Asia, and Europe. Here, we investigated urban particulate matter (PM) carbonaceous and water-soluble ions for eleven months in Amman, Jordan. The PM2.5 total carbon (TC) annual mean was 7.6±3.6 µg/m3 (organic carbon (OC) 5.9±2.8 µg/m3 and elemental carbon (EC) 1.7±1.1 µg/m3), which was about 16.3% of the PM2.5. The PM10 TC annual mean was 8.4±3.9 µg/m3 (OC 6.5 ± 3.1 µg/m3 and elemental carbon (EC) 11.9±1.1µg/m3), about 13.3% of the PM10. The PM2.5 total water-soluble ions (TI) annual mean was 7.9±1.9 µg/m3(about 16.9%), and that of the PM10 was 10.1±2.8 µg/m3 (about 16.0%). The minor ions (F-, NO2-, Br-, and PO43-) constituted less than 1% in the PM fractions. The significant fraction was for SO42- (PM2.5 4.7±1.6 µg/m3 (10.0%) and PM10 5.3±1.9 µg/m3 (8.3%)). The NH4+ had higher amounts of PM2.5 (1.3±0.6 µg/m3; 2.7%) than that PM10 (0.9±0.4 µg/m3; 1.4%). During sand and dust storm (SDS) events, TC, Cl-, and NO3- were doubled in both PM2.5 and PM10, SO42- did not increase significantly, and NH4+ slightly decreased. Regression analysis revealed: (1) carbonaceous aerosols in Amman come equally from primary and secondary sources, (2) about 50% of the OC came from non-combustion sources, (3) traffic emissions dominate the PM, (4) agricultural sources have a negligible effect, (5)  SO42- is completely neutralized by NH4+ in the PM2.5 but there could be additional reactions involved in the PM10, and (6) (NH4)2SO4, was the major species formed by SO42-and NH4+ instead of NH4HSO4.
Black Carbon aerosols in Mediterranean urban areas
Authors: Sirignano Carmina , Marinelli Lorenzo , Di Iulio Gianluca , Listrani Stefano , Di Giosa Alessandro , Cecilia Andrea , Santinami Emanuele , Argentini Stefania , Casasanta Giampietro , Cairo Francesco , Conte Marianna , Decesari Stefano , Costabile Francesca
Published: July 2024

Urban areas represent a hot spots for the so called triple planetary crisis: climate change, air pollution, and biodiversity loss. The anthropogenically-emitted light absorbing aerosols, and in particular the Black Carbon (BC), play a crucial role in all the aspects of this planetary crisis. The very delicate and populated urban areas of the Mediterranean region make no exception.This study aims at enhancing the understanding on the BC light absorbing aerosols properties in urban areas in the Mediterranean. In-situ observations have been continuously carried out in Rome downtown, at an urban background location, since 2020, by an Aethalometer at 7 wavelengths (from 370 to 950 nm). These were coupled to ancillary measurements (Elemental Carbon and micrometeorology).We assessed the site-specific Mass Absorption Coefficient (MAC) and show evidence of its strong temporal variability in the urban area of Rome. Based on this, we provide a more accurate estimate of the BC mass concentration. We then explore MAC dependance on the absorption Ångström exponents (AAE), with a specific focus on the contribution from fossil fuels air pollution. Finally, we assess associations between BC light absorption, the urban radiative balance, and the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect.Findings may support studies aimed at characterizing BC in urban areas and developing new health-related air quality metrics, as well as at improving climate and air quality models estimates at urban scale in the Mediterranean. Findings may further serve at improving satellite-based observations of the light absorbing aerosols in urban areas, which are strongly needed in the future to improve BC spatial coverage at a planetary scale.Acknowledgments: Project funded by both ARPA Lazio, and the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), Mission 4 Component 2 Investment 1.4 - Call for tender No. 3138 of 16 December 2021, rectified by Decree n.3175 of 18 December 2021 of Italian Ministry of University and Research funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU; Award Number: Project code CN_00000033, Concession Decree No. 1034 of 17 June 2022 adopted by the Italian Ministry of University and Research, CUP F13C22000720007, Project title “National Biodiversity Future Center - NBFC”.
Rock fall susceptibility assessment at Caminito del Rey, Málaga, Spain
Authors: Galve Jorge P. , Sarro Roberto , Pérez-García José Luis , Ruiz-Fuentes Alejandro , Gómez-López José Miguel , Jerez-Longres Paula S. , Martínez-Corbella Monica , Riquelme Adrian , Mateos Rosa M. , Azañón José Miguel
Published: July 2024

El Caminito del Rey in Malaga (Spain) is a popular hiking trail known for its dramatic landscapes and towering cliffs. These cliffs, reaching up to 700 meters, are prone to rockfalls, with significant incidents reported in 2022 that damaged the pathway and blocked a segment of the exit path. This study focuses on identifying parts of the Caminito most at risk from these rockfalls and introduces a step-by-step method for assessing this hazard. Our approach begins with creating a detailed 3D digital model of the Caminito, which serves as the foundation for our susceptibility assessment. Next, we collect extensive data on the types of rocks that make up the cliffs—primarily limestone and conglomerate. This data is crucial because the rock type and structure may condition the probability of rock falls occurrence in the cliffs. With the 3D model and rock data, we then simulate potential rockfalls to see where they might impact the pathways. These simulations help us understand which areas are the most exposed to these phenomena. The results of simulations may help in reducing hazard supporting decisions on solutions to decrease the exposure of visitors to rockfalls. This contribution shares the results of our assessment in the Caminito del Rey and discusses how these findings could lead to better ways to prevent rockfalls and make the pathway safer. Our research offers a practical tool for the Caminito managers to better prepare for and prevent rockfalls.
 
Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Meteorological Drought Events in The Euphrates-Tigris Basin during 1975–2022
Authors: Mohammad Hiba , Peli Marco , Barontini Stefano
Published: July 2024

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2023 has projected an increase in temperatures across the Mediterranean basin in the coming years, alongside a persistent challenge of water scarcity. This forecast suggests a heightened probability of intensified and more frequent extreme climatic events, particularly droughts. Meteorological drought plays a pivotal role in influencing different forms of drought, highlighting the importance of understanding its spatiotemporal patterns at the basin level. Such an understanding holds significant implications for ensuring ecological sustainability and water resource management security. The present work aims to assess the spatial variability and the trends of the annual rainfall and meteorological drought in the Euphrates-Tigris River Basin (TEB) utilising measured and remote sensing data, which spans from January 1975 to December 2022 (a 47-year period). Drought assessment took place based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for a 12-month timescale. We employed the 12-month SPI as the foundation for detecting drought occurrences. This timeframe offers a compromise between short- and long-term drought events, thus accurately capturing the influence of climate change on vital water resources like river flow. The findings offer valuable insights into the attributes and underlying mechanisms of meteorological droughts across the basin.
Ripple effects: analyzing Cascade effects triggered by extreme storms and floods in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Diakakis Michalis , Sarantopoulou Andromachi , Filis Christos , Mavroulis Spyridon , Gogou Marilia , Kapris Ioannis , Vassilakis Emmanuel , Konsolaki Aliki , Lekkas Efthymis
Published: July 2024

The projected increase in the frequency of extreme flood events in the Eastern Mediterranean region signifies profound societal impacts of various types beyond the actual inundated areas and across different sectors. However, the extent and complexity of the various cascade effects remain inadequately understood.This work focuses on collecting new evidence on the types and extent of these cascade effects drawing on recent and historical flood disasters in the region, in an effort to improve our understanding of the nature, the extent, the propagation mechanisms and the consequences of these far-rearching repercussions, Additionally, the study examines the interplay between various impacts to provide insights useful for enhancing preparedness and response strategies to mitigate the associated risks.
Enhancing the engagement of citizens in weather data collection: the AGORA and I-CHANGE Projects approach
Authors: Milelli Massimo , Oberto Elena , Uboldi Francesco , Polo Lara , Parodi Antonio , Adinolfi Marianna , Mercogliano Paola
Published: July 2024

Citizen science is a powerful tool for promoting the understanding of urban climate and potential climate change hazards. By engaging citizens in scientific research and data collection, we can harness the collective power of communities to gather valuable information and contribute to our knowledge of urban climate dynamics.The H2020 I-CHANGE project (Individual Change of HAbits Needed for Green European transition, https://ichange-project.eu/) faces the challenge of engaging and promoting the active participation of citizens for addressing climate change, sustainable development and environmental protection in the framework of the European Green Deal, the European Climate Pact and the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030.Also the HE project AGORA (A Gathering place to cO-design and co-cReate Adaptation, https://adaptationagora.eu/) has the ambition to contribute in building climate change adaptation roadmaps by fostering the participation and engagement of citizens and stakeholders in the co-design and co-creation of innovative problem-oriented climate adaptation solutions.In this framework, citizens can be trained, in the I-CHANGE project, to collect weather data using simple, low-cost monitoring tools. This data can then be aggregated and analysed to identify trends, patterns, and potential climate change hazards specific to urban areas. On the other hand, in the AGORA project, citizens can contribute to populate inventories on climate data, climate risks and climate adaptation and to develop the Digital Academy focused on a proper usage of climate data. Engaging citizens in this process fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility for their environment while also increasing their awareness of the impacts of climate change. By actively participating in data collection, citizens gain firsthand experience of how climate variables affect their daily lives and communities. Moreover, citizen science initiatives can be integrated into educational programs at schools, allowing students to actively participate in scientific research and contribute to the understanding of urban climate.Leveraging technology can enhance citizen engagement and data collection. Mobile applications and online platforms can be developed to facilitate data entry, provide real-time information, and encourage collaboration among participants. These digital tools make it easier for citizens to contribute to ongoing research efforts, access educational resources, and visualize the collected data, further promoting understanding of urban climate dynamics. All these “non-standard” measurements can be used (after a strict quality control) to enrich the official network in areas where it is more needed. In this work we will focus on urban areas to show how data collected by citizens can help in understanding the Urban Heat Island effect, also in relation to Heat Waves.
Climate Change perception in different Italian macro-areas
Authors: Carone Maria Teresa , Antronico Loredana , Coscarelli Roberto , Gariano Stefano Luigi , Sessa Melissa , Salvati Paola
Published: July 2024

In recent decades, Climate Change is causing the increasing of frequency and intensity of weather-related extreme events, exposing several populations to risk. Therefore, measures to mitigate the impacts resulting from this phenomenon are increasingly necessary.To devise effective strategies, it is essential to consider that many losses are due to numerous factors, including economic and social ones. A crucial role is played by the behaviors adopted by people, and the extent to which people are willing to make changes to their lifestyles.Therefore, mitigation measures to be truly effective should include important non-structural actions. This refers to strategies that work on social aspects of communities that influence their resilience. There are many elements that influence social resilience, and among them risk perception plays a crucial role. Risk perception, however, is linked to numerous other aspects such as propensity to prepare for the event with adaptation measures, awareness and knowledge, good communication and information, trust in institutions, cultural background, and even having experienced a previous disaster. Moreover, the literature  points out that these aspects are strongly influenced by gender and socio-economic differences related to the specific involved area. Therefore, understanding these differences is a key for the implementation of effective climate change adaptation strategies.To achieve this, a nationwide survey on risk perception related to Climate Change was carried out to better understand the aspects listed above. Data were collected by administering interviews conducted between April 12 and 19, 2023 using CATI/CAMI/CAWI methodology to a representative sample of the Italian population and then weighted to be representative for the overall sample. The results refer to the adult population (1279 interviews) divided by gender and by Italian territorial macro-areas (NW, NE, Center, South, Islands).The obtained results and the differences noted between genders and different Italian macro-areas provide a fundamental basis for better calibration of climate change adaptation measures aimed at increasing the resilience of Italian population.
Management of Bawl fi’l Farāsh Ibtidayi (Primary Nocturnal enuresis) through Unani medicine: A Case Report
Authors: Rahman Ziaur , Alam Shah , Ahmad Irfan
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Bawl fi’l Farāsh Ibtidayi (Primary Nocturnal enuresis) is a condition in which involuntary urination occurs while sleeping in the absence of organic disease. Nocturnal enuresis is the most common urologic complaint in paediatric patients, and it is defined as the involuntary loss of urine during sleep that occurs at least twice a week in children older than 5 years of age (or the developmental equivalent) for at least 3 months. In India the prevalence of Nocturnal enuresis ranges approximately from 7% to 12.6%. As per Unani concept the predominance of Ruṭūbat i.e. excessive moistness in children causes the disease. This leads to Istirkhā’-e-Adlaat badan including Aḍala al-Mathāna causing involuntary urination. Complaints: A seven-year-old child with chronic complain of nocturnal enuresis visited OPD of RRIUM Mumbai.
Clinical Findings: on taking detailed history there is no history of congenital defect, family history of stress was positive.
Intervention: Unani formulation Majun Masik-ul-Baul was prescribed with Majun Flasfa for the management of Bawl fi’l Farāsh Ibtidayi
Outcome: Patient got complete relief after 6 weeks of treatment without any complications. Details are given in the case report.

Key words: Bawl fi’l Farās Ibtidayi h, Primary Nocturnal enuresis, Majun Flasfa, Majun Masik-ul-Baul
Managing Generalized Anxiety Disorder with Homoeopathic Medicine
Authors: Nuval Prashant , Patel Krimal , Sonwane Abhilasha
Published: July 2024

Homoeopathy shows promise in managing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) through individualized treatment based on symptom similarity. By utilizing repertorization, practitioners select specific remedies that match the patient's unique symptoms. This personalized approach can lead to significant improvements. The efficacy of homeopathic treatment for GAD has been evaluated using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), a widely recognized tool for measuring the severity of anxiety symptoms. Clinical observations suggest that patients experience notable reductions in anxiety levels following homeopathic treatment. The holistic nature of homeopathy, which considers physical, emotional, and psychological aspects, aligns well with the complex presentation of GAD, offering a complementary option to conventional treatments.

Key words: Homoeopathy, Anxiety, Hamilton scale, Individualization
A Criação de Pacas Silvestres no Município de Terra Nova do Norte-MT: Um Relato de Experiência da Agricultura Familiar
Authors: Matiello Ana Claudia Taube , Pereira Lisanil da Conceição Patrocínio
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a criação de pacas silvestres no Município de Terra Nova do Norte-MT, sua rentabilidade para a agricultura familiar e para a produtora apresentada. Isso mostra que é importante ter negócios que envolvam mulheres em áreas de sucesso. A estrutura metodológica deste trabalho está pautada em análises bibliográficas e atividade empírica com observação participante, etapas essenciais que possibilitam alcançar os resultados esperados da pesquisa. Concluindo a importância de mantermos estudos voltados a esse tipo de assunto.
Frequency Domain Backdoor Attacks for Visual Object Tracking
Authors: Jiahao Luo
Published: July 2024

Visual object tracking（VOT）is a key topic in computer vision tasks. It serves as an essential component of various advanced problems in the field, such as motion analysis, event detection, and activity understanding. VOT finds extensive applications, including human-computer interaction in video, video surveillance, and autonomous driving. Due to the rapid development of deep neural networks（DNNs）, VOT has achieved unprecedented progress. However, the lack of interpretability in DNNs has introduced certain security risks, notably backdoor attacks. A neural network backdoor attack involves an attacker injecting hidden backdoors into the network, making the compromised model behave normally with regular inputs but produce predetermined outputs when specific conditions set by the attacker are met. Existing triggers for VOT backdoor attacks are poorly concealed. We leverage the sensitivity of DNNs to small perturbations to generate pixel-level indistinguishable perturbations in the frequency domain, thus proposing an invisible backdoor attack. This method ensures both effectiveness and concealment. Additionally, we employ a differential evolution（DE） algorithm to optimize trigger generation, thereby reducing the attacker's required capabilities. We have validated the effectiveness of the attack across various datasets and models.
Inclusive Teachers’ Engagement, Job Satisfaction and Retention in Public Schools of Mandaue City, Cebu
Authors: Analyn P. Arcipe
Published: July 2024

This study utilized a descriptive correlational approach to examine relationships between teacher profiles, work engagement, job satisfaction, and retention at Public Schools of Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines. Data was collected through validated surveys of 253 teachers recruited through complete enumeration, assessing demographics, engagement, satisfaction, and retention motivators. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze relationships between variables. Results showed the majority of respondents were female aged 32-41 years, over half were married with master’s units, and most had 16+ years of teaching experience. Two-thirds received inclusive education training and were aware of policies. Descriptive analysis found work engagement and job satisfaction levels were very high. Retention levels were also very high thanks to good relationships, security, and community acceptance. Statistically significant relationships were observed between work engagement-retention (r=0.436) and job satisfaction-retention (r=0.611). These findings provide empirical support for engagement and satisfaction predicting teacher retention, especially in demanding inclusive environments. A targeted Teacher Satisfaction and Retention Enhancement (TSRE) plan is proposed to directly address variables significantly impacting engagement, satisfaction, and retention based on comprehensive analysis. The TSRE plan recommends tailored initiatives targeting motivational and evaluative constructs, alongside concrete strategies, timelines and intended outcomes to enhance identified determinants of satisfaction and continued employment. By optimizing teacher profiles, job design, learning opportunities, and working conditions, this research aimed to provide Philippine public schools with empirical insights enabling educators to effectively fulfill emerging inclusive responsibilities with quality and resilience against challenges, contributing to stability as education reforms progress nationwide.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.554
Inclusive Teaching: Stressors, Impact of Stress, and Coping Strategies of Teachers in Public Schools
Authors: Elvony P. Casungcad
Published: July 2024

This study examined inclusive education’s stressors, impacts of stress, and coping strategies among 185 teachers recruited through complete enumeration from selected public schools in Mandaue City Division, Cebu, Philippines during the 2023-2024 school year. A descriptive-correlational research design was utilized to investigate relationships between the variables. Data was collected through a validated and structured questionnaire. Analysis of demographic profiles revealed the majority of respondents were female, aged 31-40 years with 6-10 years of experience. Over half were married. Most held some master's degree units, had received prior inclusive education training, and reported awareness of policies pertaining to inclusion. Results showed teachers experienced moderate overall stress from factors like workload, time constraints, disruptive student behaviors, and insufficient resources. Stress manifested occasionally as exhaustion, frustration, and feelings of being overwhelmed. Coping strategies included discussing issues with colleagues/family and engaging in relaxing activities, but were generally less utilized. Pearson r revealed a significant yet weak relationship between stressors and coping strategies. However, the relationship between stress impacts and coping strategies was non-significant. This suggests coping did not effectively mitigate detrimental stress effects. Notably, neither relationship was strong, with stressors more consistently linked to coping than impacts. These findings highlight the need for holistic teacher wellness programs in Mandaue City Division, addressing diverse challenges through targeted interventions like improved working conditions, adaptive skill-building, and various types of career-stage support. A multi-factorial approach considering the local context is needed to strengthen the resilience and retention of teachers within inclusive education long-term. The study validated the importance of optimizing teacher mental health and well-being given inclusion demands through a customized management plan. By systematically addressing educator needs, sustainability of quality inclusive services can be supported.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.555
On the limits to growth in the economy: approach from the perspective of the institution of solidarism
Authors: Korkin Vladimir
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of growth limits in the economy. The aim of the article is to study the problem of theoretical and attitudinal revision of the concept of growth limits in the direction of counteracting and preventing challenges in the economic development of socio-economic systems. The theoretical and methodological study of the limits to growth in the economy is based on the use of a set of general scientific methods, such as: methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy, abstraction, as well as special methods of scientific research, including the method of content analysis of economic publications, scientometric approach to the substantive analysis of thematic foreign and domestic publications, the methods of institutional analysis of economic and social systems. On the basis of comparison of the report «Limits to Growth» of the Club of Rome, presented in 1972, and the scientific work of Russian scientists «Overcoming the Limits to Growth. Report to the Club of Rome», published in 2023, the assumption is formed that it is reasonable to consider the limits to growth as a set of challenges that need to be overcome by the countries of the world on the basis of solidarity. In this context, the application of the institutional approach as an integrative approach is justified, which allows linking the historical experience and trends of economic development of global systems with the development of institutions that would regulate and coordinate the actions of countries in levelling emerging new challenges and threats. The institutional approach to the design of forms of optimal coordination of social, economic and political development of mankind allows us to link the directions of harmonious partnership of civilisations in the digital age on the basis of the concept of solidarity.
No Ideas but in Technology: William Carlos Williams, Concepts of the New, and Electronic Literature
Authors: Smith Hazel
Published: July 2024

This article argues that William Carlos Williams’s work foreshadows the evolution of electronic literature, which it suggests is one of the main fields in which poets can now explore new literary directions. The first half of the article inspects concepts of the new in William Carlos Williams’s Spring and All and Charles Bernstein’s landmark essay “The Academy in Peril: William Carlos Williams Meets the MLA.” It speculates on what form the new can now take in contemporary poetry and the relationship between the new and the experimental. It also probes the changes that have taken place in the relationship between poetry, critical writing, and the academy since the publication of Spring and All and Bernstein’s “The Academy in Peril” essay. The second half of the article explores Williams’s involvement in the project The Readies that is a precursor to electronic literature and the manipulation of his poetry in generative computer bots. It also demonstrates how ideas about space, ekphrasis and enjambment expressed in Williams’s essays and creative practice relate to features of electronic literature.
Aplicação de farinhas de coprodutos de frutas em bolos sem glúten
Authors: Alves Ramos Sabrina , Gomes de Moura Daniela , Eduarda de Laia Queiroz Bárbara , Das Dores Pereira Rafaela , Capobiango Michely , Schmiele Marcio , Nunes Amaral Tatiana
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo empregar farinhas de coprodutos de frutas em bolos sem glúten e analisar a qualidade sensorial e tecnológica das receitas. Foi desenvolvido um  bolo padrão e seis com adição de 14% de cada farinha de coproduto. Foi realizada avaliação de volume, dureza instrumental e análise sensorial de aceitação. O bolo com farinha da casca de banana apresentou os melhores resultados de volume e dureza, enquanto o bolo com farinha da casca de abacaxi os piores resultados, menor volume e maior dureza. As diferenças de cor dos bolos foram refletidas pela característica de cada farinha adicionada. Todos os bolos atingiram mais de 70% de aceitabilidade sensorial, demonstrando a viabilidade das aplicações. Conclui-se que a utilização de farinhas produzidas com coprodutos de frutas em bolos é uma opção para uma alimentação saudável e sustentável, em especial, para indivíduos celíacos.
The mRNA COVID 19 vaccine: More than a drug?
Authors: Rius Alarcó Fernando
Published: July 2024

Given the recent spread of the Covid-19 disease, World Health Organisation (WHO) declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Among other things, the need for the use of drugs arises. There are three possibilities: monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs and vaccines. The limitations of the first two are well known; the efficacy and safety of vaccines have been shown to be superior, having saved billions of lives.
The RNA vaccine has been possible after modification of this naked nucleic acid. Once “stabilized”, it is necessary to have an excipient that allows its formulation, ensuring stability, safety and efficacy after administration. Lipid nanoparticles have supposedly made it viable.
December 8, 2019 will go down in history as the first day when an mRNA drug was administered to a human being. But this date also allows a reflection beyond medicine: was the RNA molecule that, as documented by some scientists, 3.5 billion years ago originated life, being administered? RNA, DNA, proteins and lipid membranes have been suggested as the origin of life. Will formulating these same four components usher in a new era in pharmacology?

Keywords: vaccines; coronavirus; injectables ;modified RNA; lipidic nanoparticles
Therapeutic repositioning: importance of new therapeutic indications approved for old medicines
Authors: Cuéllar Rodríguez Santiago
Published: July 2024

In the field of health and, particularly in biomedicine, continuous reevaluation has allowed us to see with a different attitude what was apparently known; A large part of the medicines from synthetic chemistry, biotechnology and advanced therapies (genetics, somatics, tissue engineering, etc.) are a clear example of this. The search and investigation of new applications for drugs already approved and in clinical use – and even for compounds that did not reach the clinical research phases at the time – is usually called “repositioning”, which makes it possible to have drugs with a profile of safety and efficacy already known, which represents a significant saving in time and development costs and, sometimes, is the only way to develop therapies for rare diseases, as orphan indications. In fact, it is estimated that a substantial part of the known drugs may have new therapeutic uses and that drugs currently in clinical use could be used for numerous applications other than those for which they were originally approved. The high number of authorizations of new indications or their extensions or modifications by the EMA and the FDA, in relation to that of medicines with new active ingredients, highlights that pharmacological research – basic and clinical – does not end with the marketing authorization of a medicine but, on the contrary, there are many that continue to be the subject of extensive and intensive research by their titular laboratories in order to extract the maximum knowledge and health results from products whose development has a very high economic cost and requires large and multidisciplinary human research teams. In order to examine the current innovative activity in the field of new indications for medicines previously authorized in the European Union, we have proceeded to systematically collect and study the contents of all the summaries of the 36 plenary meetings of the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) published by the EMA between January 2021 and March 2024, in which 258 positive recommendations for extension of indications were made, for a total of 181 medicines from 74 laboratories.

Keywords: Pharmacology; therapeutic repositioning; clinical research; drug authorization; drug evaluation
Exploring genetic diversity in traditional rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) through cluster analysis of qualitative and quantitative traits
Authors: V. A. Mohanlal , Saravanan K.
Published: July 2024

Fifty-three traditional rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) were characterized by following the 41 DUS descriptors, which includes 29 qualitative and 12 quantitative traits. The data used for qualitative and quantitative cluster analysis. In qualitative and quantitative cluster analysis, the genotypes grouped into six clusters. Both qualitative and quantitative clustering analyses revealed distinct patterns of genetic diversity among the traditional rice genotypes. The genotype, G31 grouped in cluster VI in both cluster analyses. In quantitative cluster analysis, cluster III possessed genotypes with relatively larger leaves, thicker stems and larger panicles. Cluster VI displayed highest panicle number per plant, longest grain length and lowest mean days for time maturity. Genotypes in these clusters could be explored further for their potential in enhancing yield and quality characteristics.
Evaluation of Genetic Variability in Berseem After Mutagenesis
Authors: Nawalkar Poonam , Verma Sunil Kumar
Published: July 2024

North India is the largest producer of the annual leguminous fodder crop Trifolium alexandrinum, often known as Berseem or Egyptian clover. The Trifolium genus has 290 species, 25 of which are important to agriculture. Berseem breeding is quite limited because of its small genetic base. After 110 years, only Wardan is the sole genotype that is still in use. This variability hurdle has been overcome using strategies like as the creation of polyploids, poly-crosses, and mutations, which have produced moderate gains in this important rabi crop. Three doses of EMS (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5%) were administered to dried seeds of Wardan, BB-2, and BB-3 in this investigation. The M1 generations were raised in the open air. Ten days after seeding, germination was noticed highest percentage. With 0.1 percent EMS, the maximum percentage of germination (85%) was seen, whereas with 0.5 percent EMS, the lowest rate of germination (12%) was observed. A total of 98 individual plants from various treatments were cut and threshed independently. Plant height, the number of tillers, leaves, and leaf-to-stem ratios, trifoliate, tetrafoliate, and pentafoliate leaves, and short, oblong, bright-green, somewhat hairy leaflets are all enhanced by selection. Variables include the 180–210 days it takes flower heads to mature under varied climatic circumstances, their shapes and colours, and other factors. The yields of dry matter, green fodder, and their daily production are the most important among them. The process has been successful in enhancing these traits.
Tres andamios para el cómic colombiano
Authors: Rodríguez Gómez Sergio
Published: July 2024

Este es un ensayo dibujado que propone tres andamios esenciales para la sostenibilidad del cómic colombiano: conciencia y desarrollo sobre sus formas de valor, sus relaciones de trabajo y sus infraestructuras. Estas tres categorías están inspiradas en la teoría de los mundos del arte del sociólogo Howard S. Becker, que afirma que las prácticas artísticas se constituyen por sistemas de cooperación en las que intervienen múltiples roles y flujos de información y de materia, y en mi propia observación participante como autor, miembro de colectivos y gestor de cómics en Colombia. Adicionalmente, el ensayo dibujado está construido a partir de múltiples metáforas visuales que extienden la propuesta teórica de los tres andamios y que, por medio de las estrategias gráficas que ofrece el cómic, construyen nuevos sentidos sobre ella.
Recetario de sabores lejanos
Authors: Núñez-Bergsneider Camila
Published: July 2024

Recetario de sabores lejanos es un cómic documental colombiano publicado por Cohete Cómics. Esta obra es el resultado de un trabajo colaborativo entre investigadores, dibujantes y un guionista. De esta labor grupal, aparecen ocho historias que surgen a partir de ocho preparaciones culinarias provenientes de diferentes comunidades del territorio colombiano. Esta compilación fue liderada por el guionista Pablo Guerra, y las investigaciones en las que se basan los capítulos fueron compiladas por Diana Ojeda, Sonia Serna y Julio Arias.
The Effect of Brain Gym on Study Concentration in UIMA Nursing Students in 2022
Authors: Herawati Aminah , Rindu Rindu , Ruliani Syarifah Nur
Published: July 2024

Background: Learning concentration is a person's condition and ability to focus their thoughts and attention in the learning process.  Brain gym can increase O2 supply, memory, focus and reduce tension, thereby increasing concentration in learning.
Objectives: To determine the effect of the brain gym on the level of learning concentration among Indonesia Maju University, Nursing Students in 2022.
Methods: Quantitative type of research. The research design used one group pre-test and post-test with a sample of 87 nursing students. The instruments used in the research were the brain gym SOP and the army alpha intelligence test sheet containing questions related to the pre-test and post-test. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Test statistical test.
Results: The average level of student learning concentration before brain gym was in the low category (66.7%) and after brain gym, the average level of student learning concentration was in the high category (74%). Asymp value result. Sig. 2 tailed is 0.000, so the hypothesis is accepted because 0.000 < 0.05.
Conclusion: There is an influence of the brain gym on the level of learning concentration of UIMA nursing students in 2022.
Barriers to Engaging with Reconciliation in Canadian Education: Confusing Colonial and Western Knowledge
Authors: Louie Dustin William
Published: July 2024

In this article, I examine truths and misunderstandings of colonization. An interrogation of the conflation between colonial and Western practices is explored through established literature and in practical examples of relationships to time, the Indian Act, and the term “Settler.” By first establishing accessible and shared definitions of reconciliation and colonization, common misconceptions and predictable pitfalls in Indigenous movements can be resolved. By attending to the confusion of terms the circle can be expanded ever so slightly to welcome more allies into the movement. Intentionally deceptive narratives position the work of reconciliation, or any social justice movement, as being anti-White and divisive. In the pursuit of equity and healing, it is essential to maintain the core values of care and dignity in methods of emancipation and resist succumbing to colonial tactics of delegitimizing any knowledge system, even those of our oppressors.
Keteladanan Kepemimpinan Paulus terhadap Kepemimpinan Guru Kristen Berdasarkan Kisah Para Rasul 20:17-38
Authors: Turnip Genti , Barus Jamli , Silitonga Liantri Fena
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine how much influence the understanding of Paul's exemplary leadership has on the leadership of Christian teachers at SMK Negeri 2 Medan, with the research hypothesis: "There is a positive and significant effect of understanding Paul's exemplary leadership on the leadership of Christian exemplary teachers at SMK Negeri 2 Medan using descriptive statistical technique. with a population of all Christian teachers at SMK Negeri 2 Medan with a population of 38 people using the sample because the population is below 100 people. Research data was collected using research instruments (questionnaires). Moment Correlation (ryx) with alpha formula In connection with the results of this study the researchers provided input to all teachers, especially every Christian teacher at SMK Negeri 2 Medan in order to maximize leadership such as leadership of Paul.Keywords: role model, leadership, christian teacher AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh keteladanan kepemimpinan Paulus terhadap kepemimpinan guru Kristen di SMK Negri 2 Medan, dengan hipotesis penelitian: “Ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan keteladanan kepemimpinan Paulus terhadap kepemimpinan guru Kristen di SMK Negri 2 Medan Penelitian ini merupakan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif dengan populasi seluruh guru Kristen di SMK Negeri 2 Medan dengan jumlah populasi 38 orang. populasi dibawah 100 orang Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian (kuesioner) Sebelum kuesioner digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas dengan menggunakan rumus reliabilitas Pearson Product Moment Correlation (ryx) dengan rumus alpha Sehubungan dengan hasil penelitian ini, peneliti memberikan masukan bagi semua guru kristen khususnya setiap guru kristen r di SMK Negeri 2 Medan agar dapat memaksimalkan kepemimpinan seperti kepemimpinan Paulus.Kata Kunci: keteladanan, kepemimpinan, guru kristen
Memandang Cara Berprilaku Umat Pilihan Allah Berdasarkan 1 Petrus 2:11-17 Untuk Membangun Komunitas Kekristenan yang Kuat
Authors: Hutabarat Jepri , Hutauruk Theresia , Padang Janes , Sipayung Gerhard Eliasman , Hagai Lauren
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe congregation is one part of the Christian community which is organized in the organization of the Church. As people called out of darkness into His miraculous light, Christians must also realize that they are God's chosen people. Where God chooses His people according to His will, the purpose of this study is to find out how the congregation's understanding of how to live as God's chosen people based on 1 Peter 2:11-17 affects the behavior of daily life among the Bethel Church. Indonesia Market 1 Blue-blue. The research method used in this article is survey research by taking one population and using a questionnaire (questionnaire) as a data collection tool. As for what is discussed in this study, namely Seeing God's Chosen Way of Behaving, Building a Strong Christian Community, the results of the study found the influence of understanding God's chosen people's way of life based on 1 Peter 2:2 -11-17 about the behavior of daily life. Keywords: behavior, people of god, christian community AbstrakJemaat merupakan salah satu bagian dari komunitas kekristenan yang terorganisir dalam organisasi Gereja, Sebagai seorang yang dipanggil keluar dari kegelapan ke dalam terang-Nya yang ajaib, orang Kristen juga harus menyadari bahwa mereka merupakan umat pilihan Allah. Diaman Allah memilih umatnya sesuai kehendakNya, tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh pemahaman jemaat tentang cara hidup sebagaiumat pilihan Allah berdasarkan 1 Petrus 2:11-17  terhadap perilaku kehidupan sehari-hari di kalangan jemaat Gereja Bethel Indonesia Pasar 1 Sibiru-biru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah penelitian survey denga mengambil satu populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner (angket) sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Adapun yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini yaitu Memandang Cara Berperilaku Umat Pilihan Allah, Membangun Komunitas Kekristenan Yang Kuat, dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pengaruh pemahaman cara hidup umat pilihan Allah berdasarkan 1 Petrus 2:2-11-17 terhadap perilaku kehidupan sehari-hari. Kata Kunci: perilaku, umat allah, komunitas kristen
Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran PAK Melalui Moving class
Authors: Sadarita Andi , Ginting Baskita
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe formation of the quality of student learning in schools is influenced by how the learning is carried out. As a teacher really needs a variety of variations in the learning process, along with the development of the world of education, an approach has been found in teaching and this is what is called the moving class learning model. Through the moving class learning model in PAK, PAK teachers communicate knowledge through theory and practice involving the involvement of each student as a useful learning process for teaching, stating mistakes, correcting behavior and educating the truth, so that a quality life is formed in the classroom. study as a fact, they believe in God as written in 2 Tim 3:16-17, so that students understand the meaning of life and understand the meaning of life, act according to God's words, and become salt and light in the midst of life. the world, and through In students, the light of Christ shines in their lives. With the increase in the quality of student learning, students have shown their identity as the priesthood of God. Keywords: these are some words that reflecting the research and separated by semicolon  AbstrakTerbentuknya  kualitas belajar anak didik di sekolah di pengaruhi oleh bagaimana pembelajaran itu di lakukan. Sebagai seorang guru sangat memerlukan berbagai macam variasi dalam proses pembelajaran, seiring dengan perkembangan dunia pendidikan, maka telah di temukan  sebuah pendekatan dalam pengajaran  dan hal ini sebut dengan model  pembelajaran moving class. Melalui model pembelajaran moving class dalam PAK, guru PAK mengkomunikasikan ilmu dengan cara teori dan praktek yang melibatkan melibatkan setiap anak didik sebagai suatu proses pembelajaran yangb bermanpaat untuk mengajar, menyatakan kesalahan, memperbaiki kelakuan dan mendidik dalam kebenaran, sehingga terbentuklah hidup yang berkualitas dalam pembelajaran sebagai wujut nyata mereka beriman  kepada Allah seperti yang tertulis dalam 2 Tim 3:16-17, sehingga anak didik mengerti arti dia hidup dan mengerti arti kehidupan , bertingkah laku sesuai dengan firman Tuhan , dan menjadi garam dan terang di tengah-tengah dunia, dan melaui diri anak didik terpancar terang Kristus dalam kehidupannya.  Dengan meningkatnya kualitas pembelajaran anak didik, maka anak didik telah menunjukkan identitasnya sebagai imat kepunyaan Allah. Kata Kunci: ini adalah daftar kata-kata yang terdapat pada Abstrak yang merefleksikan penelitian, dipisahkan oleh titik koma, tanpa titik di akhir
Signifikansi Memahami Sikap yang Benar di konteks Penderitaan Menurut 1 Petrus 4:7-11 untuk Berperilaku Saleh
Authors: Kartika Rika , Barus Jamli , Sembiring Rasmalem Raya , Gurusinga Aslinawati , Lumbantobing Dhean Amos
Published: July 2024

AbstractSuffering is a reality in life. No one is willing to suffer, but no one can escape from it. Suffering is a grace of God for believers. Among believers, some can understand the meaning of suffering in their life, but some do not understand it. 1 Petrus 4:7-11 describes about the true attitude in suffering contexts in order to behaving a goodliness life. The problem is how significant is  the true attitude in suffering contexts according to 1 Peter 4:7-11 in order to behaving a goodliness life? Method used in to answer the question is a quantitative research with survey method. As a result is the signification of the understanding of the true attitude in suffering contexts according to 1 Peter is very significant to influence to behave a goodliness life; the value of (r xy2) is 0.90 or 90 %; regression equation Y = 106,3 + 89x is significant. So, the more believer understand the true attitude in suffering contexts, the stronger he keep on behaving a goodliness life although he suffers..Key words: signification, true attitude, suffering, behaving a goodliness lifeAbstrakPenderitaan adalah realitas dalam hidup. Penderitaan tidak dikehendaki, namun penderitaan tak dapat dihindari. Penderitaan adalah anugerah bagi orang percaya. Di kalangan orang percaya, ada yang dapat memahami makna penderitaan, dan ada yang kurang memahaminya.  Ada orang percaya yang dapat memaknai penderitaan, namun lebih banyak yang kurang memahamnya. 1 Petrus 4:7-11 membicarakan tentang Sikap yang benar di konteks penderitaan untuk berperilaku saleh. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimanakah signifikansi memahami sikap yang benar di konteks penderitaan menurut 1 Petrus 4:7-11 untuk berperilaku saleh?  Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey. Hasilnya adalah Signifikansi Memahami Sikap yang Benar di konteks Penderitaan menurut 1 Petrus 4:7-11 sangat berpengaruh untuk berperilaku saleh; nilai derteminasinya (r xy2)sebesar 90 %; persamaan regresi  Y = 106,3 + 89x adalah signifikan. Jadi, jika orang percaya semakin memahami sikap yang benar berada di berbagai-bagai penderitaan, maka semakin gigih orang itu untuk  tetap berperilaku saleh sekalipun menderita.Kata kunci: signifikansi, sikap yang benari, Penderitaan, berperilaku saleh