bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Accuracy and Feasibility of Using Close-Range Photogrammetry to Measure Channelized Erosion with a Consumer-Grade Camera
Authors: Zheng Fangzhou , Wackrow Rene , Meng Fan-Rui , Lobb David , Li Sheng
Published: May 2020

Water-induced channel is one of the main forms of soil erosion in cultivated fields. Channelized erosion is often measured by the volume of the channels. Traditionally, the measurements were conducted with rulers or measuring tapes. However, these traditional methods are generally time- and labor-consuming and can cause soil surface disturbance. Close-range photogrammetry with a Consumer-Grade Camera (CGC-CRP) provides an alternative way of measuring channel volume and can overcome limitations of traditional methods and provides much higher spatial resolution. However, quantitative information on the accuracy of this technique is rare. In this study, the accuracy of the CGC-CRP method under different settings were examined with an in-house experiment and validated with a field experiment. In the in-house experiment, a wood board surface with Artificial Channels (AC) of different shapes, orientations, and sizes were built. These ACs were surveyed using the CGC-CRP method with a series of settings of shooting angles and image overlapping rates. Selected cross-sectional areas were extracted to compare against manual measurements to assess the absolute and relative errors of the CGC-CRP method. The applicability of the CGC-CRP method with different settings was evaluated by comparing time consumption and the size of detection areas. The results indicated that in order to maintain an acceptable accuracy level, the image overlapping rate should be ≥70%, and the shooting angle should be in the range of 60° to 80°. For the channel shape, the accuracy for V-channel was ~15% higher than that for U-channel. For the U-channel, the impact of the channel orientation on the accuracy was not significant when the shooting angle was relatively high, whereas for the V-channel, the vertically oriented channel had higher accuracy than horizontal or angle channels. Last, channel size did not strongly affect accuracy when the channel was vertically orientated, and the shooting angle and image overlapping rate were set in the optimum ranges. However, when the shooting angle or image overlapping rate was low, or when the channel was angled or horizontally orientated, the accuracy was lower with larger channel size. In the field experiment, under the optimum camera setting, the error for the ten cross-sectional areas was about 1.6%. This result suggests that the CGC-CRP method is promising in volumetric assessment of rill and gully erosion. The quantitative information on the accuracy provided in this study can help researchers to select the setting of CGC-CRP methods to achieve their required accuracy level.
The High-Resolution Digital-Beamforming Airborne SAR System DBFSAR
Authors: Reigber Andreas , Schreiber Eric , Trappschuh Kurt , Pasch Sebastian , Müller Gerhard , Kirchner Daniel , Geßwein Daniel , Schewe Stefan , Nottensteiner Anton , Limbach Markus , Schreiber Alicja , Rommel Tobias , Horn Ralf , Jäger Marc , Scheiber Rolf , Baumgartner Stefan V. , Joshi Sushil Kumar , Barros Cardoso da Silva André , Moreira Alberto
Published: May 2020

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an established remote sensing technique that can robustly provide high-resolution imagery of the Earth’s surface. However, current space-borne SAR systems are limited, as a matter of principle, in achieving high azimuth resolution and a large swath width at the same time. Digital beamforming (DBF) has been identified as a key technology for resolving this limitation and provides various other advantages, such as an improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or the adaptive suppression of radio interference (RFI). Airborne SAR sensors with digital beamforming capabilities are essential tools to research and validate this important technology for later implementation on a satellite. Currently, the Microwaves and Radar Institute of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) is developing a new advanced high-resolution airborne SAR system with digital beamforming capabilities, the so-called DBFSAR, which is planned to supplement its operational F-SAR system in near future. It is operating at X-band and features 12 simultaneous receive and 4 sequential transmit channels with 1.8 GHz bandwidth each, flexible DBF antenna setups and is equipped with a high-precision navigation and positioning unit. This paper aims to present the DBFSAR sensor development, including its radar front-end, its digital back-end, the foreseen DBF antenna configuration and the intended calibration strategy. To analyse the status, performance, and calibration quality of the DBFSAR system, this paper also includes some first in-flight results in interferometric and multi-channel marine configurations. They demonstrate the excellent performance of the DBFSAR system during its first flight campaigns.
Novel Vegetation Indices for Cotton Boll Opening Status Estimation Using Sentinel-2 Data
Authors: Ren Yu , Meng Yanhua , Huang Wenjiang , Ye Huichun , Han Yuxing , Kong Weiping , Zhou Xianfeng , Cui Bei , Xing Naichen , Guo Anting , Geng Yun
Published: May 2020

The application of chemical harvest aids to defoliate leaves and ripen bolls plays a significant role in the once-over machine harvest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields. The boll opening rate (BOR) is a key indicator for the determination of harvest aid spraying times. However, the most commonly used method to determine BOR is manual investigation, which is subjective and cannot have a holistic judgment of the entire area. Remote sensing can be employed to overcome these limitations, due to a wide field of vision, acceptably spatial and temporal resolution, and rich spectral information beyond the perception of the human eye. The reflectance of open cotton bolls is relatively high in the visible and near-infrared bands. High reflectance of open bolls has a great influence on the reflectance of the mixed pixels on remote sensing imagery. Therefore, it is an effective method to detect boll opening status by constructing vegetation indices with the sensitive spectral bands of imagery. In this study, we proposed two new vegetation indices based on Sentinel-2 remote sensing data, namely, the boll area ratio index (BARI) and the boll opening rate index (BORI), in order to estimate the boll opening status on a regional scale. The proposed indices were strongly correlated with the boll area ratio (BAR) and BOR. In particular, BARI exhibited the most accurate and robust performance with BAR in the prediction (R2 = 0.754, RMSE = 2.56%) and validation (R2 = 0.706, RMSE = 5.00%) among all the indices, including published indices we chose. Furthermore, when comparing to all other indices, BORI demonstrated the best and satisfactory estimation with BOR in the prediction (R2 = 0.675, RMSE = 7.96%) and validation (R2 = 0.616, RMSE = 2.79%). Meanwhile, an exponential growth relationship between BOR and BAR was identified, and the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon were discussed. Overall, through our study, we provided convenient and accurate vegetation indices for the investigation of boll opening status in a cotton-producing area by accessible and free Sentinel-2 imagery.
A Refined Regional Model for Estimating Pressure, Temperature, and Water Vapor Pressure for Geodetic Applications in China
Authors: Li Junyu , Zhang Bao , Yao Yibin , Liu Lilong , Sun Zhangyu , Yan Xiao
Published: May 2020

Pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure are basic meteorological parameters that are frequently required in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning/navigation and GNSS meteorology. Although models like Global Pressure and Temperature (GPT) and Global Pressure and Temperature 2 wet (GPT2w) were developed for these demands, their spatial resolutions are lower than 0.75° and temporal resolutions are below 6 h, which limits their achievement. The publication of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 hourly 0.25° × 0.25° data offers the opportunity to lift this limitation. In this work, the ERA5 surface data are used to evaluate the temporal variabilities of pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure in the area of China. We characterize their diurnal variations using hourly data and take into account their geographical variations by 0.25° × 0.25° grids. In addition, we improve the height corrections for the three parameters employing the ERA5 pressure level data. Through these efforts, we build a new regional model named Chinese pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure (CPTw), which has the advanced resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° and temporal resolution of 1 h. We evaluate the performance using ERA5 data and radiosonde data compared with the approved GPT2w model. Results demonstrate that the accuracies of the new model are superior to the GPT2w model in all meteorological parameters. The validation with the radiosonde data shows RMS for pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure of the CPTw model is reduced by 14.1%, 25.8%, and 4.8%, compared with that of the GPT2w model. The new model catches especially well the diurnal changes in pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure, which have never been realized before. Since the CPTw model can provide accurate empirical pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure for any time and location in China and its surrounding areas, it can not only meet the need of empirical meteorological parameters in real-time geodetic applications like GNSS positioning and navigation, but it is also useful for GNSS meteorology.
How Hyperspectral Image Unmixing and Denoising Can Boost Each Other
Authors: Rasti Behnood , Koirala Bikram , Scheunders Paul , Ghamisi Pedram
Published: May 2020

Hyperspectral linear unmixing and denoising are highly related hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis tasks. In particular, with the assumption of Gaussian noise, the linear model assumed for the HSI in the case of low-rank denoising is often the same as the one used in HSI unmixing. However, the optimization criterion and the assumptions on the constraints are different. Additionally, noise reduction as a preprocessing step in hyperspectral data analysis is often ignored. The main goal of this paper is to study experimentally the influence of noise on the process of hyperspectral unmixing by: (1) investigating the effect of noise reduction as a preprocessing step on the performance of hyperspectral unmixing; (2) studying the relation between noise and different endmember selection strategies; (3) investigating the performance of HSI unmixing as an HSI denoiser; (4) comparing the denoising performance of spectral unmixing, state-of-the-art HSI denoising techniques, and the combination of both. All experiments are performed on simulated and real datasets.
Prediction of Socio-Economic Indicators for Urban Planning Using VHR Satellite Imagery and Spatial Analysis
Authors: Warth Gebhard , Braun Andreas , Assmann Oliver , Fleckenstein Kevin , Hochschild Volker
Published: May 2020

Ongoing urbanization leads to steady growth of urban areas. In the case of highly dynamic change of municipalities, due to the rates of change, responsible administrations often are challenged or struggle with capturing present states of urban sites or accurately planning future urban development. An interest for urban planning lies on socio-economic conditions, as consumption and production of disposable goods are related to economic possibilities. Therefore, we developed an approach to generate relevant parameters for infrastructure planning by means of remote sensing and spatial analysis. In this study, the single building defines the spatial unit for the parameters. In the case city Belmopan (Belize), based on WorldView-1 data we manually define a city covering building dataset. Residential buildings are classified to eight building types which are locally adapted to Belmopan. A random forest (RF) classifier is trained with locally collected training data. Through household interviews focusing on household assets, income and educational level, a socio-economic point (SEP) scaling is defined, which correlates very well with the defined building typology. In order to assign socio-economic parameters to the single building, five socio-economic classes (SEC) are established based on SEP statistics for the building types. The RF building type classification resulted in high accuracies. Focusing on the three categories to describe residential socio-economic states allowed high correlations between the defined building and socio-economic points. Based on the SEP we projected a citywide residential socio-economic building classification to support supply and disposal infrastructure planning.
Risk Prediction of Coastal Hazards Induced by Typhoon: A Case Study in the Coastal Region of Shenzhen, China
Authors: Guo Yunxia , Hou Yijun , Liu Ze , Du Mei
Published: May 2020

This study presents a risk prediction of coastal hazards induced by typhoons, which are a severe natural hazard that often occur in coastal regions. Taking the coastal hazards happened in Shenzhen as a case study, where is a southeast coastal city of China, we described a methodology to predict the typhoon wind-surge-wave hazard. A typhoon empirical tracking model was adopted to construct full-track typhoon events for 1000 years, based on the statistical characteristics of observed typhoons from satellite imageries. For each individual typhoon, a wind-field model is applied to compute the wind speeds, while the Simulating Waves Nearshore and Advanced Circulation (SWAN+ADCIRC) coupled model is applied to simulate the significant wave heights (SWHs) and storm surge heights. By frequency distribution histogram, it is noted that there exhibits a heavy tail in the probability distribution of maximum surge heights and a thin tail of the peak wind speeds and SWHs in the coastal area of Shenzhen, China. Using the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) model, the extreme values of typhoon wind-surge-wave associated with various return periods can be predicted. Taking account into the combined effects of the wind, surge and wave, the joint hazard maps of typhoon wind-surge-wave can be produced for the study area. The methodology of this case study can provide a new reference for risk prediction of coastal hazards induced by typhoon in similar coastal regions like Shenzhen, China.
Verification of Fractional Vegetation Coverage and NDVI of Desert Vegetation via UAVRS Technology
Authors: Tang Liang , He Mingzhu , Li Xinrong
Published: May 2020

Desertification control and scientific evaluation of desert ecosystem sustainability are important issues for countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt. Fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) is used as a quantitative indicator to describe the vegetation coverage of desert ecosystems. Although satellite remote sensing technology has been widely used to retrieve FVC at the regional and global scale, the authenticity evaluation of the inversion results has been flawed. To gain insight into the composition, structure and changes of desert vegetation, it is important to assess the accuracy of FVC and explore the relationship between FVC and meteorological factors. Therefore, we adopted unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing (UAVRS) technology to verify the inversion results and analyse the practicability of MODIS-NDVI (where NDVI = normalized difference vegetation index) products in desert areas. To provide a new method for the estimation of vegetation coverage in the natural state, the relationships between vegetation coverage and four meteorological factors, namely, land surface temperature, temperature, precipitation and evaporation were analysed. The results showed that using the original MODIS-NDVI data product with a spatial resolution of 250 m to invert vegetation coverage is practical in desert areas (coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.83, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.052, normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) = 42.94%, mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.007) but underestimates vegetation coverage in the study area. MODIS-NDVI data products are different from the real NDVI in the study area. Correcting MODIS-NDVI data products can effectively improve the accuracy of the inversion. When extracting vegetation coverage in this area, the scale has little effect on the results. There is a significant correlation between precipitation, evaporation and FVC in the area, but the interaction of temperature and land surface temperature with precipitation and evaporation also has a considerable impact on FVC, and evaporation has a substantial impact on FVC values inverted from MODIS-NDVI data (FVCM), When exploring the relationship between vegetation coverage and meteorological elements, if vegetation coverage is retrieved from MODIS-NDVI data products or MODIS-NDVI data, when considering temperature and precipitation, the effect of evaporation should also be considered. In addition, meteorological factors can be used to predict FVC (R2 = 0.7364, RMSE = 0.0623), which provides a new method for estimating FVC in areas with less manual intervention.
The Development of a State-Aware Equipment Maintenance Application Using Sensor Data Ranking Techniques
Authors: Lee Haesung , Lee Byungsung
Published: May 2020

Billions of electric equipment are connected to Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensor networks, where they continuously generate a large volume of status information of assets. So, there is a need for state-aware information retrieval technology that can automatically recognize the status of each electric asset and provide the user with timely information suitable for the asset management of electric equipment. In this paper, we investigate state-aware information modeling that specializes in the asset management of electric equipment. With this state-aware information model, we invent a new asset state-aware ranking technique for effective information retrieval for electric power and energy systems. We also derive an information retrieval scenario for IoT in power and energy systems and develop a mobile application prototype. A comparative performance evaluation proves that the proposed technique outperforms the existing information retrieval technique.
Interactions between Irrigated Agriculture and Surface Water Quality with a Focus on Phosphate and Nitrate in the Middle Olifants Catchment, South Africa
Authors: Mudaly Leushantha , van der Laan Michael
Published: May 2020

Little is understood on the interaction between irrigated agriculture and surface water quality in South African catchments. A case study was conducted on the Middle Olifants Catchment, which contains the second largest irrigation scheme in South Africa. Dams, rivers, irrigation canals, and drainage canals were sampled between the Loskop and Flag Boshielo Dams. Results were compared to historical water quality monitoring data from the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS). While DWS data indicate that phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) does not pose a eutrophication risk, our monitored data were above the eutrophication threshold for the majority of the sampling period. In general, phosphorus (P) pollution is a bigger issue than nitrogen (N), and concentrations of these nutrients tend to be higher during the summer rainfall months, potentially indicating a link to agriculture and fertilization events. We estimated that waste water treatment works (WWTW), which are currently systematically failing in South Africa, have the potential to pollute as much P as irrigated agriculture. Electrical conductivity levels increased downstream, moving from the acceptable towards the tolerable category, while the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) presents a moderate risk of infiltrability problems. The pH values were generally in the ideal range. This study has highlighted existing and looming water quality issues for irrigation and the environment in the Middle Olifants. Similar scoping studies are recommended for other intensively-irrigated catchments in the region to identify issues and allow timely intervention.
The “Paris-End” of Town? Deriving Urban Typologies Using Three Imagery Types
Authors: Nice Kerry A. , Thompson Jason , Wijnands Jasper S. , Aschwanden Gideon D. P. A. , Stevenson Mark
Published: May 2020

Urban typologies allow areas to be categorised according to form and the social, demographic, and political uses of the areas. The use of these typologies and finding similarities and dissimilarities between cities enables better targeted interventions for improved health, transport, and environmental outcomes in urban areas. A better understanding of local contexts can also assist in applying lessons learned from other cities. Constructing urban typologies at a global scale through traditional methods, such as functional or network analysis, requires the collection of data across multiple political districts, which can be inconsistent and then require a level of subjective classification. To overcome these limitations, we use neural networks to analyse millions of images of urban form (consisting of street view, satellite imagery, and street maps) to find shared characteristics between the largest 1692 cities in the world. The comparison city of Paris is used as an exemplar and we perform a case study using two Australian cities, Melbourne and Sydney, to determine if a “Paris-end” of town exists or can be found in these cities using these three big data imagery sets. The results show specific advantages and disadvantages of each type of imagery in constructing urban typologies. Neural networks trained with map imagery will be highly influenced by the structural mix of roads, public transport, and green and blue space. Satellite imagery captures a combination of both urban form and decorative and natural details. The use of street view imagery emphasises the features of a human-scaled visual geography of streetscapes. However, for both satellite and street view imagery to be highly effective, a reduction in scale and more aggressive pre-processing might be required in order to reduce detail and create greater abstraction in the imagery.
Критерії обмеження права на особисту свободу людини в заходах кримінально-правового характеру
Authors: Новікова К.
Published: May 2020

Стаття присвячена визначенню меж державного впливу на особисту свободу людини. Розвивається вироблений практикою Європейського суду з прав людини «трискладовий тест»: у рамках трьох елементів пропонується виділити критерії меж впливу на особисту свободу людини, а саме: в межах законності пропонується розглядати строковість, в межах обґрунтованості – крайність, в межах необхідності обмеження прав і свобод людини – пропорційність (співрозмірність) таких обмежень.
Стан дотримання прав людини в умовах реформування Державної кримінально-виконавчої служби України
Authors: Нєцвєтаєв Є.
Published: May 2020

У статті висвітлено стан дотримання прав засуджених та осіб, узятих під варту, в умовах реформування Державної кримінально-виконавчої служби України у 2016–2019 роках. Незважаючи на те, що в системі виконання покарань постійно відбувалися зміни, зокрема на законодавчому та структурному рівнях, умовно за початок реформування взято 2016 рік, коли було ліквідовано центральний орган виконавчої влади, що реалізовував державну політику у сфері виконання кримінальних покарань та пробації, – Державну пенітенціарну службу України, а її функції передано Міністерству юстиції України. Не випадково основний акцент зроблено саме на дотриманні прав в’язнів, оскільки людина в пенітенціарних установах перебуває під повним контролем держави та є більш уразливою з точки зору можливості порушення її прав.
Виборча реформа 2020 в Україні
Authors: Павшук К. , Дзюба Я.
Published: May 2020

У статті здійснено аналіз основних змін, які стосуються організації, підготовки і проведення парламентських, президентських і місцевих виборів. Окреслено основні зміни виборчого законодавства, зокрема скасування змішаної виборчої системи для парламентських виборів, запровадження системи «єдиного неперехідного голосу», позбавлення кандидатів у народні депутати України права на самовисування, зміна грошової застави. Також обґрунтовано важливість впровадження ґендерної квоти задля дотримання конституційних принципів рівності виборів та рівності прав чоловіка й жінки. Визначено, що Виборчий Кодекс України містить низку прогресивних норм, які з одного боку здатні удосконалити порядок підготовки, організації і проведення виборів в Україні, а з іншого – породжують нові виклики для теорії та практики. Зроблено висновок, що наявність єдиного нормативно-правового акту, який регулюватиме порядок підготовки, організації і проведення виборів забезпечить стабільність та єдність виборчого законодавства, усуне юридичну і практичну невизначеність. У процесі подальшого удосконалення законодавства про вибори пропонується скасовувати застарілі та неефективні норми, не включати до Кодексу загальні норми, які не є його предметом, аналізувати досвід і взірцеву практику зарубіжних країн та апелювати до неї.
PRE-REVOLUTIONARY STREET LIGHTING IN SAINT PETERSBURG
Authors: Venslauskene E.
Published: May 2020

The article highlights the emergence of a street lighting system in the capital St. Petersburg shortly after its founding until the 1917 revolution. The purpose is to analyze all types of street lamps that appear in the infrastructure of actively developing St. Petersburg. This include oil, gas, with an alcohol-turpentine mixture, kerosene lamps, as well as lamps with arc and incandescent lamps. For each type, the stylistic characteristics of the era and technical differences are indicated, and the role of the lantern as an element of complex urban improvement in each era is defined, bearing not only functional, but also aesthetic load. Architectural details and profiles that make up the entire volume of the landscaping element, their proportions and dimensions, and materials are separately analyzed. The article can be useful both theoretically, for researchers, and practically, for specialists engaged in preserving and recreating the historical environment of St. Petersburg, as well as designing new areas of the city. Analogs of historical lighting elements can be used as standard in the improvement of streets and squares, taking into account the scale, style, materials and modern technological achievements.
El dispositivo Badiou/ Beckett y el episodio aristofánico del “croar de las ranas”
Authors: Romero Walter
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo hipotetiza las posibilidades comparatísticas que se establecen entre el episodio artistofánico conocido como “el croar de las ranas”, hipotexto de la tradición comediográfica griega, y su revisitación tanto en Watt de Samuel Beckett (1906-1989) como Citrouilles de Alain Badiou como “acontecimiento-ruido”. El episodio de Ranas (Βάτραχοι) de Aristófanes (444 a. C.-385 a. C.) aparece reescrito en ambos autores contemporáneos en torno al fénome de la nominación y la incomunicación. El interés de Badiou, en tanto filósofo y dramaturgo, es redefinir figuraciones de la inarticulación y conflictos entre el ser y el lenguaje en base a los postulados dramáticos de Beckett: la forma en que el autor irlandés reescribe en Watt el episodio del croar de las ranas y la manera en que el autor de El ser y el acontecimiento, gran lector y estudioso de Beckett, articula, en su propia producción dramatúrgica, las relaciones posibles entre Aristófanes y Beckett como autores dramáticos centrales en su propia experiencia y práctica dramatúrgica.
Os recursos sonoros na literatura infantil digital: um breve estudo sobre a presença da voz nos aplicativos
Authors: Moraes Giselly Lima de
Published: May 2020

Inserindo-se no debate sobre as transformações na experiência literária na cultura digital, o estudo aborda a participação dos recursos sonoros em narrativas digitais e elege a categoria da voz para pensar sobre como este recurso se articula com outros elementos da trilha sonora e com diferentes modos semióticos em livros-aplicativos narrativos em português, espanhol e inglês. O trabalho empreende uma abordagem multidisciplinar sobre a voz e busca pensar sobre a escuta do leitor infantil previsto na obra. Parte da definição de voz como elemento que pode designar o som que se expressa verbalmente e também formulações não verbais, contemplando aspectos semânticos e acústicos, para refletir sobre as potencialidades de sentido advindas daí. Para tanto, apoia-se em discussões da filosofia da expressão vocal, da narratologia e dos estudos sobre literatura infantil digital que ajudam a explicitar as formas de participação da voz nos aplicativos e suas implicações para a leitura.
Colophon, contents, preface
Authors: Kalsbeek Feiko
Published: May 2020

Between 1988 and 1992 the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) launched a number of expeditions to the Disko Bugt region in central West Greenland (Fig. 1), the ‘Disko Bugt Project’ (Kalsbeek 1989, 1990; Kalsbeek & Christiansen 1992; Christiansen 1993). The aim of this project was threefold. Firstly, it was important to enhance the general geological knowledge of the region, especially the eastern (Precambrian) parts being rather poorly known. Secondly, reconnaissance studies by Kryolitselskabet Øresund A/S in the 1970s and early 1980s and follow up investigations by GGU had revealed mineral showings with Cu, Zn, Au and Ag, which required further investigation. The third major aim of the Project was to obtain more information on the development of the onshore part of the late Phanerozoic West Greenland Basin, which is particularly relevant to the hydrocarbon potential of the basin. This volume reports on the Precambrian geology of the region.
Airborne geophysical surveys in Greenland in 1998
Authors: Rasmussen Thorkild M. , Thorning Leif
Published: May 2020

Airborne geophysical surveying in Greenland during 1998 consisted of a magnetic project referred to as ‘Aeromag 1998’ and a combined electromagnetic and magnetic project referred to as ‘AEM Greenland 1998’. The Government of Greenland financed both with administration managed by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). With the completion of the two projects, approximately 305 000 line km of regional high-resolution magnetic data and approximately 75 000 line km of detailed multiparameter data (electromagnetic, magnetic and partly radiometric) are now available from government financed projects. Figure 1 shows the location of the surveyed areas with highresolution geophysical data together with the area selected for a magnetic survey in 1999. Completion of the two projects was marked by the release of data on 1 March, 1999. The data are included in the geoscientific databases at the Survey for public use; digital data and maps may be purchased from the Survey.
Variability of XRF and AAS analyses from the Rock Geochemical Laboratory of the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland
Authors: Steenfelt Agnete
Published: May 2020

Chemical analyses by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) have been monitored since 1990 by five internal standards. Diagrams of the variability over nine years show that analytical data for major elements, Cr, Cu and V have been stable over the entire period, while data for Ni, Rb and Sr have been stable since 1993. Results for Ba, Zn and Zr have lower precision, but have maintained the same general level. Analysis of international reference material shows that nine of the trace element determinations are accurate or can be adjusted by simple arithmetic to match the recommended values for the reference material.
Bioactive and Tribological Behaviour of Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings Reinforced by Lanthanum Oxide
Authors: Subramanian Yugeswaran , P.V Ananthapadmanabhan , Konstantinos M. Paraskevopoulos , Kobayashi Akira
Published: May 2020

Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) reinforced Hydroxyapatite coating was deposited by using unique gas tunnel type plasma spray torch under optimum spraying conditions. The phase and microstructure of the as-prepared powder and coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In vitro bioactivity of the plasma sprayed lanthanum oxide reinforced hydroxyapatite coatings were investigated by using simulated body fluid solution. Results showed that there was onset of apatite formation on the surface of coatings after 15 days of immersion in SBF, while after 19 days of immersion in SBF it was indicated that a HCAp phase crystallized on their surface. Our studies demonstrate that lanthanum oxide reinforced hydroxyapatite coatings are potentially useful biomaterials with good tribological and bioactive behaviour.
Development of a Laboratory-Scale Thermal-Arc-Plasma Reactor and its Application in the Pyrolysis of Petroleum Oily Sludge
Authors: M. Ali Abubakar , A. Abu-Hassan Mohd , R.K. Ibrahim Raja , I. Abdulkarim Bala
Published: May 2020

Waste treatment using thermal arc plasma is well established and laboratory/pilot scale plasma reactors were developed and their performances for the destruction of different hazardous wastes, other than petroleum oily sludge, were studied. This work aims to extend the plasma technology to the pyrolysis of hazardous petroleum oily sludge. A 4.7 kW thermal arc plasma reactor was developed using a standard TIG arc welding torch. The transferred arc plasma reactor was used to treat 20 g/batch of petroleum oily sludge. The prevailing temperature inside the reactor ranges between 356 – 1694 oC. The plasma arc temperature increased with increasing plasma arc current and also with increasing plasma gas flow-rate. A vitreous slag and a flue gas were generated as products. A mass reduction of between 36.87 – 91.40% and a TOC reduction of 21.47 – 93.76% were achieved in the treatment time of 2 – 5 min. The mass reduction was observed to increase with treatment time. However, the increase was more rapid between the 3rd and the 4th min of the treatment. The flue gas produced contains H2 (43.79 – 50.97 mol%), H2O (26.60 – 30.22 mol%), CO (8.45 – 11.18 mol%), CO2 (5.12 – 10.35 mol%), CH4 (2.17 – 3.38 mol%), C2H2 (0.86 – 2.69 mol%) and C2H4 (0.76 – 2.17 mol%). Thus, the thermal plasma reactor provides a suitable method of treating petroleum oily sludge.
Construction waste management practices on-sites: A case study of Istanbul city
Authors: Aksel Havva , Cetıner İkbal
Published: May 2020

Increasing construction activities put enormous stress on waste generation in Turkey. Therefore, to manage all these construction wastes by setting effective waste management strategies becomes more significant day by day. Although there is a rising interest in waste management issues, there are not enough studies in Turkey. The lack of data is a prominent obstacle for the researchers. Addressing this research gap, an explanatory multiple-case study was conducted to reveal the waste management practices (waste generation, collection-sorting, storage-disposal, and recovery) on-sites. Unstructured interviews were conducted with different 13 experts working at different construction sites in Istanbul. According to the qualitative study results, there is usually no waste management plan on-sites. Project revisions and cutting of materials for sizing, storage problems are the most emphasized causes of waste on-sites. Wastes are mostly collected and disposed of by the contractors and there is a tendency to collect wastes in mixed on-site and later partly sort. Collection-sorting and storage-disposal practices on-sites are affected by the quantity of waste, site facilities, storage opportunities, scale of the contractor and economic value of waste. The recovery facilities are mostly depending on the economic gain to be obtained from waste. In this context, the recycling and reusing of steel waste is given the best importance. There are not enough networks for recovery of cardboard/paper-plastic wastes on-sites. There is no illegal dumping among the cases included in this study. However, awareness on special treatment of hazardous wastes has not yet been developed enough on-sites in Turkey.
3PL Service Provider Selection with a Goal Programming Model Supported with Multicriteria Decision Making Approaches
Authors: ÖZCAN Evrencan , AHISKALI Merve
Published: May 2020

In this study, third-party logistics (3PL) service provider selection problem is handled for a foreign trade company that exports the products with high quality level obtained by outsourcing, and who has problems regarding both cost, delivery quality and delivery time. In this direction, 7 criteria are determined for effective evaluation of the performance of the 5 logistics service providers the company is working for and the determination of the most suitable 3PL service provider according to the property of the orders (quantity, mode of conveyance, transportation channel, etc.). The priority levels of service providers are calculated by using these criteria in the combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Then, a goal programming (GP) model that answers the question of which service provider to choose for which order, considering these priority values and the 12 system constraints and 5 objectives that the company encountered in real life is proposed. This model is the first one proposed in the literature for the selection of 3PL service providers for multimodal international transport with consistent results. The model is solved for the current 10 orders using the last 1-year data of the company and the most appropriate 3PL service provider combination is obtained. As a result of the solution of the problem with this methodology, an improvement is achieved about 7% for the rate of delivery on time, 33% for bid - bill consistency rate, and 29% for the problematic delivery rate.
Tinjauan Desain Interface Website E-Commerce Wisata Mototravel.id Menggunakan Evaluasi Heuristik
Authors: Kumoro Danang Tejo , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: May 2020

This article is an overview of the website design interface of Lombok travel agencymorotravel.id. This review carried out using a heuristic evaluation introduced by Molich andNielsen that evaluates an interface in an information system. Heuristic evaluation is a guidethat can guide the design or used it as a tool for criticizing a decision taken. The aim is toimprove the model effectively. The evaluation includes visibility of system status, compatibilitybetween the system and the real world, control of user freedom, standards, and consistency,error prevention, user recognition of the system, flexibility and efficiency, aesthetic values andminimum values, system help, help features, and documentation. The purpose of thisevaluation is to measure morotravel.id's interface standard as one of the travel agent websitesin Lombok so that it can become a reference for information systems in the world of tourism.Based on the evaluation, it has stated that overall the morotravel.id site interface is feasible touse because it fulfills the completeness of the principles in the heuristic assessment. Still, ithas some things that need to be improved, especially in the help system and documentation.Heuristic evaluation is pragmatic and easy to do so that it gets quick results. Although thismethod does not produce high certainty, it is a relatively easy method to start an analysis ofinterface design. The hope for the next is the use of more than one way to improve the qualityof the analysis results because it meets the principle of complementarity in each evaluationmethod
From the Editors
Authors: Burkiewicz Łukasz
Published: May 2020

The Bible is, next to the achievements of antiquity, one of the most im­portant foundations of European culture and has had a significant impact on people who encountered it. It is the holy book for Christians and for Jews, while also being a source of universal themes, inspiring various areas of our lives. For centuries, biblical themes are the inspiration for artists, and the Bible itself, following the words of Professor Anna Świderkówna, “has entered so deeply into our art, our literature, our mentality, our vo­cabulary that we cannot deny this heritage even if we tried.” In this con­text, as mentioned above, and the nature of this cultural studies journal, the theme in the current issue is the role the Bible has played in culture. A look at this issue has been taken from the perspective of Polish and for­eign (Ukrainian) researchers.
Joy and Sadness in Spiritual Life According to St. Ignatius of Loyola. A Hermeneutic Study
Authors: Homa Tomasz
Published: May 2020

The goal of this study is an interpretative attempt at human emotionality, and to be more specific, its emotional form of expression in various experiences of joy and sadness, in the light of the principles underlying one of the schools of Christian spirituality, i.e. the one proposed by Igna tius of Loyola (1491-1556). According to this movement of spiritual life, which draws on the centuriesold biblical experience and Christian conception of the emotional dimension of our lives, and which also enriches it with experiences and reflections of Ignatius himself, our emotionality – not infrequently experienced as a peculiar and often incomprehensible “babble” – may in fact be construed as equally emotional and lucid “speech.” Such “speech” becomes comprehensible the moment we are able to properly “read,” that is recognize and understand the emotional experiences that we are exposed to in this sphere.
SIMILATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN HITTITE
«SONG OF ULLIKUMMI»
Authors: Molina Mariya
Published: May 2020

The article is aimed at the analysis of similative constructions with the semantics «X like Y» in Hittite epos the «Song of Ullikummi». Contextual analysis allows the author to detect this type of collocations without any markers like asyndetic

constructions (with juxtaposition, a chain of accusatives).

The author of the article has studied the word order in these constructions. It has been shown that the similarity phrase regularly takes place in the immediate preverbal position after the object and the adverbial modifier of place in a linear

structure. It is interesting to find contexts with a standard of comparison in the initial position of the clause, which points out to the upper (and marked) focus position. This type of placement mostly correlates with right dislocations, frequent in

the Hittite poetic language. As for the linear word order, constructions with conjunction «like X», as a rule, appear as a sequence «a comparee – a standard of comparison – a marker of

the standard». The rare sequences «a standard – a comparee – a marker» show markedness connected to the needs for information structure, which demands further research. In asyndetic constructions the standard sequence appears as «a comparee – a standard». In the paper it has been shown that similative constructions in the «Song of Ullikummi» actually lost the proper similarity semantics and serve as markers of certain qualities of poetic images.
Lexikai kohéziós eszközök változása egy sajtószöveg fordítása és lektorálása során
Authors: Klenk Márk
Published: May 2020

A lektorálás során a lexikai kohéziós eszközök megjelenésében be- következett változások vizsgálatával kapcsolatban igen kevés kutatás született ez- idáig. Jelen tanulmány a lexikai kohéziós eszközök számában bekövetkezett vál- tozást mutatja be a magyar nyelvről angol nyelvre történő fordítás és lektorálás során egy politikai témájú újságcikk példáján keresztül. A lexikai kohéziós eszkö- zök elemzésének hátteréül Halliday és Hasan (Halliday és Hasan 1976; Hasan 1984) elmélete szolgált. Az eredmények szerint lektorálás során, a fordításhoz képest, nagymértékben megváltozott az ismétlések és szinonimák aránya, a vizs- gált korpusz ezért nem igazolja Baker (1993) ismétléskerülési hipotézisét. A lek- tori és fordítói stratégiákat megvizsgálva megállapítható, hogy a fordítót inkább jellemzi az implicitáció, valamint a mondatfelbontás stratégiája, ezzel szemben a lektor többet explicitál, és törekszik visszaadni az eredeti mondatstruktúrákat. A kutatás eredményei jól példázzák a lektor fordítótól eltérő stratégiáját.
Speech Acts, Directness and Politeness in Dubbing: American Television Series in Hungary
Authors: Malaczkov Szilvia
Published: May 2020

Polcz Károly

Speech Acts, Directness and Politeness in Dubbing: American Television Series in Hungary

(Oxford: Peter Lang, 2020. New Trends in Translation Studies vol. 30. 254 pp. ISBN 978-1-78874-232-0)
Hungarian Dictionary
Authors: Kiss Csilla
Published: May 2020

Hungarian DictionaryEgy mobil applikációs online szótár bemutatása
Empirikus kutatások és gyakorlati tapasztalatok a konszekutív jegyzeteléstechnikában
Authors: Szabó Csilla
Published: May 2020

A konszekutív, hosszúszakaszos tolmácsolás során alkalmazott jegyzeteléstechnika oktatása szinte minden képzőintézményben szerepel a tanterv- ben, de az alapelveket illetően jellemzően ritka a konszenzus. A tanulmány a jegy- zeteléstechnika oktatásában felmerülő három legfajsúlyosabb dilemmát járja körül: (1) Mit/Mennyit írjunk le: kulcsszavakat, főbb adatokat, vagy amit csak lehet? (2) Hogyan jegyzeteljünk: egész szavakat, rövidítéseket vagy szimbólumokat érdeme- sebb papírra vetni? (3) Milyen nyelven: forrásnyelven vagy célnyelven, A illetve B nyelven, vagy – a nyelvi iránytól függetlenül – a leggazdaságosabbnak ítélt nyelven, pl. angolul? Mindhárom kérdéskör vonatkozásában elsőként megvizsgájuk, hogy milyen preskriptív jellegű tanácsok, illetve módszertani javaslatok születtek az elmúlt néhány évtizedben e problémák feloldására, illetve kezelésére. A következő lépésben számba vesszük az adott kérdéssel foglalkozó fontosabb empirikus kuta- tásokat, majd végül levonunk néhány lehetséges módszertani tanulságot, amelyet a szerző személyes oktatói tapasztalata alapján fogalmaz meg.
Кинетические закономерности кристаллизации металлополимерных композитов на основе меди и полиэтилена низкой плотности
Authors: Аллахвердиева Х.В. , Кахраманов Н.Т.
Published: May 2020

Приводятся результаты исследования влияния концентрации мелкодисперсной меди на механизм и закономерность изменения зависимости удельного объёма от температуры в интервале 25–180°С. Путем экстраполяции верхней и нижней ветви дилатометрической кривой найдены приблизительные значения температуры стеклования композитов. Методом ступенчатой дилатометрии найдена температура фазового перехода первого рода композитов, которая изменяется в зависимости от концентрации меди в составе полиэтилена низкой плотности. Определена зависимость свободного удельного объёма от температуры. Показано, что увеличение концентрации меди в составе полиэтилена низкой плотности сопровождается закономерным снижением свободного объёма полимерной матрицы. В координатах Аврами исследованы кинетические закономерности процесса изотермической кристаллизации в области фазового перехода первого рода. Установлено, что с увеличением степени наполнения полимерной матрицы механизм кристаллизации из сферического (трёхмерного) типа роста кристаллических образований переходит в пластинчатый (двухмерный) при непрерывном образовании центров кристаллизации.
Comentarios Bibliográficos
Authors: Penhos Marta , Aldama Catalina
Published: May 2020

Carolina Martínez. Mundos perfectos y extraños en los confines del Orbis Terrarum. Buenos Aires: CFA/Miño y Dávila, 2019, 300 páginas.
François Mairesse y André Desvallées (eds.). Redefinir el museo. Buenos Aires: UNDAV Ediciones, 2018, 242 páginas.