bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring and control of IoT-based building electrical load limit
Authors: Karismawati D P , Ghaniy M A , Kamilah R , Suhendi A , Saputra C
Published: December 2023

The Demand for electrical energy continues to increase. However, excessive electrical energy consumption can lead to tripped circuits and escalated costs. We developed a prioritised sockets system to avoid electrical trips and excessive power consumption. The PZEM-004T sensor in the master circuit can measure electrical power with deficient error, and the ACS712 sensor in the slave circuit can measure electrical current with an accuracy of 99.85%, making these sensors suitable for monitoring. Additionally, the non-priority sockets can interrupt the power flow when the power exceeds the limit while the priority socket remains active. The mobile application can display real-time historical data and control the switching of prioritised sockets. This system consists of 3 subsystems: the master circuit, the slave circuit, and the mobile application. The priority socket’s current cannot be interrupted. In contrast, the non-priority system can be interrupted when the electrical power load reaches 375 Watts. The mobile application controls the switching of prioritised sockets and monitors the incoming electrical power loads. They connected this system to the internet for proper functioning.
Integration of data acquisition system for rainfall measurement on IoT-based tipping bucket rain gauge
Authors: Danendra D P , Oktafandi K A , Mujiyanti S F , Lasminto U
Published: December 2023

Rainfall is an important parameter in determining weather conditions. Rainfall data can be used for various purposes, such as for consideration in planning a civil building. If rainfall cannot be measured properly, it will result in an inaccurate design. In actual conditions, rain gauges are usually placed in locations far from power sources. However, to obtain data in digital form, a power source is required. In obtaining digital data, electronic components and monitoring systems are needed which require a power source and an internet connection to send measurement data to the website. The rainfall gauge used in this study is of the tipping bucket type. In the rain gauge used, there is a magnetic switch that functions to calculate the tip that occurs when it rains so that the rainfall value is obtained. The rainfall gauge used in this study has an accuracy of 97.85%. This tool is equipped with an IoT-based monitoring system, namely using a website. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, and the range of rainfall per 5 minutes that can be measured is 0 mm-74,5 mm, the range of rainfall per 1 hour that can be measured is 0 mm-894 mm, and the range of rainfall per 1 day that can be measured is 0 mm-21456 mm. In receiving data from the rainfall gauge used in this study, the Arduino Mega microcontroller and the GSM 808 module were used to send data reading the rainfall gauge to the website. On the website display, you can see the rainfall that is happening, and you can see a graph of rainfall. There is a report menu that can be used to download rainfall data per 5 minutes, per 1 hour, and per 1 day with the date selection feature of the rainfall data you want to download. Downloaded rainfall data is in the form of an Excel file.
The Effect of Adsorbent-Material Properties on PSA Based Oxygen Concentrators
Authors: Hida S N , Putra A N , Nurjaya M Y , Sunaryo M B R , Suhendi A
Published: December 2023

An oxygen concentrator is a technology for producing pure oxygen. By using the Pressure Swing Adsorption method, zeolite as an oxygen concentrator will absorb nitrogen in the free air and release oxygen as an output from the oxygen concentrator. This final project aims to determine the effect of the size, mass, and type of zeolite used in oxygen concentrators on the purity of the oxygen produced. Zeolite will be stored in a closed tube in this study. Experiments will be carried out with the resulting oxygen concentration parameters. The zeolite used is 13X, and Li-X. This research was conducted with mass variations of 200gr, 400gr, 600gr, and 800gr with sizes of 0.4mm and 1.7mm. The results obtained can show a comparison graph of the zeolite to the resulting oxygen concentration. The test results from the mass variation obtained that the mass variation of 800gr had higher purity in all types and sizes of zeolite. Zeolite Li-X has the highest purity value compared to 13X and the size of 0.4mm has a higher purity value compared to the size of 1.7mm.
Reproductive biology of red-tailed goby (Sicyopterus lagocephalus, Pallas 1770) as migratory fish in Cibareno River, Sukabumi, West Java
Authors: Ambarwati A , Effendi H , Zairion  , Wibowo A , Kurniawan  , Prakoso V A , Iswantari A , Irawan D , Jaya Y Y P , Rosadi I , Sudarsono
Published: December 2023

The red-tailed goby (Sicyopterus lagocephalus) is an Indonesian endemic fish that can be found in the Cibareno River. The red-tailed goby is an amphibious fish. The dam construction plan in Cibareno River is expected to affect the reproduction pattern and survival of red-tailed goby. This study aims to analyse the reproductive biology of long-tailed gobies (Sicyopterus lagocephalus, Pallas 1770). The study was conducted over four months (May, June, July and September 2022) in Cibareno River, Sukabumi, West Java using purposive sampling method. A total of 163 fish samples were caught during the study, consisting of 106 males and 57 females. The total length range of fish caught was 32 mm to 150 mm. The sex ratio of male and female fish was 1:0.54 (unbalanced). Fish condition factor ranged from 1–1.6. The month of May and the downstream part of the river are thought to be the peak of S. lagocephalus spawning characterized by the highest gonadsomatix index in that month and location. The spawning pattern of S. lagocephalus is total spawner. The construction of the dam had an impact on the spawning migration of S. lagocephalus to the downstream of the river being blocked. In addition, S. lagocephalus in the downstream of the river are also prevented from migrating upstream to forage.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of mangrove extent in coastal Bekasi Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Amalo L F , Setiawan Y , Kusmana C
Published: December 2023

One of West Java’s largest mangroves is found alongside the shore of Bekasi Regency. Nevertheless, the primary issues are the high degree of waste contamination, extraction of mangrove products, and conversion of mangrove forests into aquaculture ponds. To determine the present state of mangroves on the coast of Bekasi Regency, research on the dynamics of the mangrove extent spatio-temporally must be conducted. Mangrove mapping has made extensive use of machine learning and satellite images. This study aims to calculate the mangrove area in the villages of Pantaibahagia and Pantaibakti along the coast of Bekasi Regency using Random Forest (RF) classification based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) Platform. The RF classification results showed a significant loss in mangrove extent over a short period of time (seven years). In 2017, the tidal zone was primarily covered by mangroves. From the linear trend line, it is known that from to 2017-2023, the mangrove area tended to decrease, while in 2023, there was a decrease in the mangrove area, especially in the north coast area. In 2017, the total mangrove area was 305.03 ha. Until 2019, there has been a slight increment, reaching 366.41 ha of mangrove are. The most significant loss was found in 2020, in which the total loss reached 85.58 ha in one year. After 2020, the mangrove area has slightly improved, but it is not significant. We tested the produced map of the RF classification using a confusion matrix and kappa coefficient, which resulted in an Overall Accuracy (OA) of 90.50% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.8105.
Mangrove plants as traditional medicine by local coastal communities in Indonesia
Authors: Herningtyas Wieke , Rahmila Yulizar Ihrami , Pujiono Eko
Published: December 2023

Mangrove plants play an important role in the lives of local coastal communities in Indonesia, one of which is an ingredient for traditional medicine. Local coastal communities have a variety of local knowledge utilizing mangrove plants to treat various types of diseases. Many studies related to the utilization of mangrove plants for traditional medicine have been carried out, but are specific to certain locations. This literature review aimed to determine the variety of mangrove species that have been used by local coastal communities in Indonesia through information from previous research articles. This study used a literature study method with a systematic literature review (SLR) research design. The literature search used the Open Knowledge Maps database with several keywords used to assess the articles included in the research. The result showed that there are 17 families of mangrove plants that contain species with medicinal properties. The mangrove family that is most widely used for medicinal plants is Rhizophoraceae. A total of 36 mangrove species that have been used by local coastal communities to treat various diseases were reported in 12 articles.
Level of effectiveness of pond wastewater treatment installations with remediation bacteria in Cipatujah
Authors: Kamilatunnisa A , Pratiwi N T M , Hariyadi S
Published: December 2023

The coastal area in the Cipatujah District has the potential for intensive pond development. However, the development of intensive ponds in the Cipatujah District still needs to be higher. One of the reasons is farmers’ lack of knowledge regarding the system and benefits of intensive ponds, so many ponds still use simple wastewater treatment plants. The impact is a decrease in the quality of the environment around the pond. This study aimed to analyze the effect of bacteria providing remediation on pond effluent on the quality of wastewater and the effectiveness of pond wastewater treatment plants. This research was conducted in three ponds at Cipatujah District, Tasikmalaya Regency, from October 2022 to January 2023. Wastewater samples were taken after harvesting, while siphon water samples were taken every two days since DOC 30. Water samples were analyzed at the Testing Services Laboratory and Certification of IPB, Bogor. Research results show that TSS, BOD, and NH3 content in pond waste decreased by 40 to 70% when the wastewater was treated with remediation bacteria in the form of Aquapro IPB-Microbac+ and when it was retained for five days. The reduction in the organic matter content of pond effluents has increased the quality of the environment around the ponds by 70 to 80%. The conclusion shows that the pond wastewater treatment plant is effective in treating wastewater as the organic waste content of the ponds discharged into the coastal environment decreases.
CitarumView: A Google Earth Engine–based application for Citarum River monitoring
Authors: Rafli Muhammad Faizal , Nugraha Andhika , Shaliza Ambrosiana Zirly , Zainuddin Satria Zidane , Safiqurrohman Fazrin Andris , Kirana Kartika Hajar , Dharmawan Irwan Ary
Published: December 2023

The Citarum River is a vital waterway in West Java, Indonesia, that sustains life along its sub-watershed. However, the river is facing significant environmental challenges, such as deforestation, and land-use changes, which have led to a decline in its ecosystem quality. To address this issue, the study aimed to develop an application called “CitarumView” that uses remote sensing methods to assess changes in index values focused on the condition of vegetation, built-up, soil moisture, water body, and surface temperature and obtain a description of the Citarum watershed condition in 2019 and 2020. The Google Earth Engine was used to collect and process satellite imagery data, including visual bands B4 (red), B3 (green), B2 (blue), Near-infrared (NIR), thermal infrared (B10 Landsat-8), and short-wave infrared (SWIR), from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellites. The CitarumView application provides a tool for decision-makers, researchers, and the general public to continuously monitor the river’s condition. The application also provides information on the changes in the ecosystem quality over time, allowing for more informed decisions to be made concerning river management. The analysis conducted using CitarumView revealed that the average of vegetation index increased by 6% with low to mid vegetation level, the max of water index increased by 4.5%, the average of moisture index increased by 39% with mid canopy water, the average of built-up index decreased by 28%, the average of soil adjusted vegetation index increased by 12% with mid to high vegetation, and the average of surface temperature decreased by 5% for 2019-2020.
The effect of compound channel shape for local scouring and flow dynamics using NaysCUBE-3D RANS at Downstream Tukad Unda River Bali Province
Authors: Widyayanti Herna , Nugroho Eka Oktariyanto , Zulhaq Alif Syahrul , Zahroni Aulia , Nugroho Joko , Harlan Dhemi , Prasetyo Adi , Soekarno Indratmo , Samosir David Mickaelson , Roesbianto Azman Syah Barran , Widyaningtias
Published: December 2023

The prediction of sediment transport and flow dynamics are important issues in channel design as the local scouring has an important effect on the shape of the channel, especially on the compound channel. Tukad Unda River in Bali has river section in the form of compound channel. It consists of two sections with different dimension, the main channel and the flood plain. These dimensional differences cause two different flows. Transformation of flow velocity and turbulence cause movement of sediment transport, generates a complex 3D flow structure in the boundary of main channel and floodplain. This study uses morphology data in Tukad Unda River and simulated by using NaysCUBE. NaysCUBE is a three-dimensional numerical modeling which use the Reynold Average Navier Stoke equation (3D RANS model). The result in this study shows the different pattern of flow dynamics and local scouring in the boundary between main channel and floodplain as the concrete block located in that boundary compare to the nature compound channel. In the 40-minute simulation, the nature compound channel represented significant deformation of the river bed in the interface area, with a decrease in elevation of 0.01 meters higher than the compound channel with concrete blocks. while the increase in elevation in the main channel is around 0.09 meters lower than the compound channel with concrete blocks. Application of concrete blocks can be useful to reduce local scour at the interface as the impact of compound channel flow characteristics.
Mapping the position and attitudes of stakeholders towards the utilization of the black soldier fly using MACTOR Tools: A study in Depok City, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Zulkifli S , Jayanegara A , Noorachmat B P , Fahmi M R
Published: December 2023

Depok City is located between the cities of Jakarta and Bogor. The population of the city has reached more than 2,000,000 people. This has consequences on the issue of waste, especially food waste. Food waste responsible for 8–10% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. To support sustainable development, it is very important to reduce the amount of food loss. In 2019, food waste reached 931 million tons of food worldwide. Retailers and households are the biggest contributors to this waste at 13% and 61% respectively. This food waste exacerbates economic, environmental and social problems. The black soldier fly (BSF) insect (Hermetia illucens) can overcome the negative impact on the environment caused by food waste and at the same time can provide a sustainable source of protein. BSF larvae can digest food waste and convert it into biomass. However, the application of the use of the black soldier is not yet widely known in the City of Depok. For that, we need a comprehensive approach that involves various stakeholders. One of the most important elements in the successful application of the black soldier fly to the waste problems in Depok City is stakeholders mapping.
The fragile springs, unnoticed: lessons from water policy in dry islands of Flores Indonesia
Authors: Steni Bernadinus , Kartodihardjo Hariadi , Adiwibowo Soeryo , Deni Djakapermana Ruchyat
Published: December 2023

The Indonesian government has maintained the SDGs’ priorities by establishing targets and projects. This paper examines the way how programs and targets are designed and implemented by considering the reality of community-based water management (CBWM) on the ground. Using Critical Institutional Analysis Framework (CIAD), this study analyzes the actual CBWM particularly by taking in depth interviews with the representation of community members in 6 villages of dry-land area in the northern part of Manggarai District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The study also undertakes the spatial analysis of the springs area. The analysis on site will be complemented by a portrait of bigger context in the political economy analysis of district and country. The finding indicates that although most land use and water policies have some formulation to protect water sources, including springs, the CBWM are detached from policy agenda. Without direct support to CBWM, the water policy is weak to challenge land use changes including the mining policies from the past and the current trend for commodity expansion. The study suggests that the water policies have to deal with mining policies if the jurisdiction is willing to indicate the water priority of the area. Moreover, the protection for the springs should not be relying on community-based institutions alone. The policies have to be there to enable the water institutions to anticipate the pressures on the springs.
Bibliometric mapping of research developments on the topic of fishing port management using VOSviewer
Authors: Megawati A P , Wayan Nurjaya I , Machfud  , Suseno Sugeng H
Published: December 2023

The study aims to determine position of the research to be analysed regarding the management of fishing ports with the stakeholder analysis approach that plays a role in management. Ports are one of the industries that have social consequences for stakeholders, necessitating a greater awareness of their social responsibilities. However, the literature has not yet assigned equal weight to the social components of ports because they have economic and environmental dimensions. Fishing ports can produce waste as a source of pollution. Thus, stakeholders must play an important role in managing fishing ports. The results showed a network of visualizations, overlay of visualizations, and density of visualizations. Research on the management of fishing ports with an evaluation approach to the role of stakeholders has not been widely conducted; thus, further research can be conducted.
Accelerating Indonesia Sustainable Infrastructure Development through ESG Initiatives in PPP Ecosystem
Authors: Pambudi J A A , Dayana I , Alfirman D M , Susanto D , Widianingrum R
Published: December 2023

The Government of Indonesia committed to implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end poverty, inequality, and mitigate climate change. The submission of an Enhanced Nationally Defined Contribution (ENDC) to UNFCC strengthens Indonesia’s commitment in a low-carbon and climate-resilient economy development. The Minister of Finance has launched an ESG Framework to mainstreaming ESG through government support and facilities on infrastructure financing, in which IIGF (Indonesia Infrastructure Guarantee Fund) has a significant role in providing sovereign guarantee for Public-Private Partnership (PPP). Qualitative approach was used to examine the benefit of ESG and additional value of IIGF’s ESG integrated guarantee to support the acceleration of the Indonesia’s sustainable infrastructure development. This paper concludes that in addition to de-risking instrument, the guarantee will bring additional value in ensuring a fair ESG risk allocation, project structuring and long-term risk management and monitoring. This will allow privates to access green and sustainable financing. The challenges mainly on capacity building and alignment of policy and standards among stakeholders. However, IIGF has opportunity to link with stakeholders and build collaboration to fill gaps and connecting to suitable market. This paper, however, report initial findings of the ongoing comprehensive studies as part of IIGF ESG initiative roadmap.
Farmer’s knowledge of greenhouse gases impact mitigation: Comparing Bogor and Sumbawa
Authors: Ratnawati B , Komarudin N A , Hidayatullah R R , Yolanda Y , Afgani C A , Dharmawan L
Published: December 2023

Farming specifically contributes 10 – 12% of global anthropogenic Greenhouse Gases emissions, including the agricultural sector in Bogor and Sumbawa Regencies. This study aims to compares knowledge and perceptions of greenhouse gases in agriculture among farmers in Bogor and Sumbawa. This study used quantitative and qualitative approaches. Qualitative data was gathered by interviewing 150 farmers from Bogor and Sumbawa. Secondary data analysis is also used to complement the primary data collection. The data was obtained from the Bogor and Sumbawa agriculture services. Based on the results of the study, farmers in Bogor know more about climate change than Sumbawa regencies. Information spread among farmers tends to refer to practices and technology in farming, and the information related to disaster warnings and climate factors is not widely available. In this regard, it is necessary to increase the literacy and understanding of farmers regarding climate change. Literacy must be done so farmers can mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Analysis of OSH risk level in forest management activities using remote sensing approach in RPH Takokak, KPH Sukabumi, West Java Province
Authors: Rahmawati Azelia Dwi , Priyanto  , Yovi Efi Yuliati
Published: December 2023

Indonesian forests are known to have high diversity and play an important role in human life, so they need to be managed sustainably. Sustainable forest management does not only pay attention to productivity aspects but also demands protection of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH). Remote sensing is used to provide information about hazard sources using geospatial data to analyze the level of risk of OSH interference in forest management activities at RPH Takokak, KPH Sukabumi. There are six hazard sources as parameters, namely slope, elevation, rainfall, type of soil, vegetation density, and accessibility, as well as the history of work accidents which are addressed to forest management stakeholders through the questionnaire method. From the five classification classes, it was found that the study location was dominated by class 3 classification or had a moderate level of risk of OSH interferences with an area of 1.661,02 ha or 77.36%, and an area of 0.49 ha or 0.02% included in risk class 4 or had a high level of risk of OSH interferences. The results and recommendations of this study are expected to provide information to Perum Perhutani in managing forest areas, especially risk management and can become a reference for further research.
The potential of coffee ground compost to enhance soil pH, growth, and production of mustard greens in acid-dry land
Authors: Jumar J , Saputra R A , Wahdah R , Elmi M , Sholeha Y N
Published: December 2023

The deficiency of productive agricultural land was an obstacle to the development of mustard green cultivation. The utilization of acid-dry land is a solution for the development of mustard green cultivation. South Kalimantan has acid-dry land covering an area of 87.61% of the total dry land. The use of coffee grounds compost is an alternative technology for improving soil fertility in acid dry land. Coffee grounds compost can increase soil organic matter, so it can fertilize the soil and increase crop production. This study aims to determine the quality of coffee grounds compost and determine the best dosage of coffee grounds compost to increase soil pH, growth, and production of mustard greens in acid dry land. This research method used a single-factor randomized block design (RBD), namely the dose of coffee grounds compost: k0 = 0 t ha−1; k1 = 10 t ha−1; k2 = 20 t ha−1; and k3 = 30 t ha−1. The physical and chemical characteristics of coffee waste compost have met the criteria for quality compost based on SNI No. 19-7030-2004. The results showed the effect of coffee grounds compost on increasing soil pH, growth, and production of mustard greens. The best dose of coffee grounds compost in increasing soil pH, plant fresh weight, and mustard productivity was found in the K3 treatment with increases of 18.05%, 67.21%, and 67.21% respectively compared to the control. The best treatment for increasing plant height, number of leaves, and width of mustard leaves was treatment k1 with an increase of 51.34%, 31.03%, and 40.60% respectively compared to the control.
Determining the slip rate of the Kendeng Fault in East Java through GPS observations
Authors: Yuzariyadi M , Ramdani D , Syetiawan A , Susilo S
Published: December 2023

The Kendeng Fault is recognized as an extension of the Flores back-arc thrust, primarily exhibiting thrust fault behavior. However, prior research has indicated the presence of a significant right-lateral shear component along this fault. While no significant seismic events have been documented in recent years, historical records suggest that the region experienced significant seismic events prior to the 20th century, necessitating a careful consideration of the earthquake hazard associated with this fault. The question arises whether the absence of recent seismic activity is a consequence of energy accumulation or gradual energy release. Our investigation utilizes GPS data collected over a four-year period starting in 2016 to determine the slip rate of the Kendeng Fault. Our findings indicate that the slip rate along the Kendeng Fault is approximately 0.45 ± 0.07 cm/year. These results provide valuable insights into the behavior of the Kendeng Fault and contribute to a better understanding of its seismic potential and associated risks.
The availability of forest cover and the critical index of forest area over Merangin-Tembesi Watershed, Jambi Province
Authors: Achmad Eva , Muryunika Rince , Mastur Agus Kurniawan
Published: December 2023

The current condition of the Watershed (DAS) has undergone many changes from time to time. The opening of new land areas for agricultural, plantation, mining, residential and industrial activities often does not concern to the sustainability of nature, causing ecosystem changes. The study is aimed to analyze the availability of forest cover over the Merangin-Tembesi watershed and the critical index of the forest area existing. The existing forest cover was analyzed by conducting land cover classification using GIS software and groundtruth. The critical index was performed for the forest area in this watershed. The results showed that critical land in the Merangin Tembesi Watershed was divided into 5 classes, namely uncritical land class with an area of 823,294 ha (60.98%), potentially critical 88,552 ha (6.56%), moderately critical 360,792 ha (26.72%), critical area 52,669 ha (3.90%), and very critical 24,791 ha (1.84%). Protected Forests (HL) in Sarolangun Regency and Merangin Regency are dominated by the moderately critical class 75,260 ha (87.47%) followed by the non-critical class with an area of 5,828 ha (6.77%), critical potential class with an area of 2,189 ha (2.54%), critical class with an area of 1,582 ha (1.84%), very critical class 1,179 ha (1.37%).
Climate change influences global distribution of alien tube worms
Authors: Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Published: December 2023

Alien tube worms have been introduced outside their original distribution areas via international shipping and have become invasive in these areas. Climate change has been acknowledged to redistribute both native and alien species; however, the effect of climate change on the global distribution of alien tube worms is unknown. This study predicts the global distribution patterns of alien tube worms (Hydroides elegans, Sabella spallanzanii, and Ficopomatus enigmaticus) and projects how climate change influences these patterns using species distribution modelling. Sea surface temperature, salinity, primary productivity, phosphate, nitrate, and current velocity are selected as the predictors. The models predict species occurrences well, with AUC values greater than 0.95. Under the present climate scenario, the occurrence probability of alien tube worms is high (>0.9) within the temperate Atlantic Ocean, Persian Gulf, Sea of Japan, Yellow Sea, Southern China, and Southern Australia. The probability of occurrence is expected to increase across oceans by 2100, suggesting that alien tube worms will be more common in the future. Increases in occurrence probability are also projected at higher latitudes (e.g., Barents Sea) by 2100, indicating poleward shifts of these species. This study highlights the urgency of incorporating climate change into the management of alien invasive species.
Evaluating flash flood vulnerability using combined deterministic and parametric model: A case in the upper Ciliwung watershed, Indonesia
Authors: Amrullah H , Amaru K , Ridwansyah I , Santosa B H
Published: December 2023

On January 19, 2021, a flash flood hit the Upper Ciliwung watershed, a mountainous area in Indonesia, causing damage to seven buildings and displacing 1,800 residents. To minimize the impact of such disasters, there is a need for disaster risk awareness and management specifically focused on flash floods in mountainous regions. Therefore, this study aims to assess the flash flood potential index value in the Upper Ciliwung watershed. The research utilized deterministic (Soil and Water Assessment Tool-SWAT) and parametric (Flash Flood Potential Index-FFPI) modeling to analyze various factors, including slope, geology, ground movement, Antecedent Precipitation Index (API), and Runoff Coefficient (Curve Number-CN). The models showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit statistics with R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies (NSE) values of 0.58 and 0.57, respectively. The findings indicated that 39.95% of the watershed had a moderate vulnerability index value of 3, while downstream areas (31.7%) had a low vulnerability index value of 2, and the middle and upstream regions had high vulnerability index values of 4 and 5, covering 23.65% and 2.49% of the total area. These results provide valuable insights to local authorities for implementing measures to reduce the Upper Ciliwung watershed’s vulnerability to flash floods.
Different gender-based climate change impact on Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Khairunnisa L , Perdinan  , Pratiwi S D , Tjahjono R E P , Infrawan D Y D , Herawati T , Puspitawati H , Alfiasari  , Rizkillah R
Published: December 2023

Differences in the impact of climate change are influenced by the level of vulnerability of each individual, including in terms of gender. Differences in access and control often make women more vulnerable to climate change than men, so the impact and adaptation to climate change will be different. This study aims to understand the differences in the impacts of climate change from a gender perspective in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The quantitative and descriptive method uses data and information obtained from literature reviews, field surveys, and interviews. In addition, a vulnerability analysis was also carried out for the Lombok region using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) assessment. The projection results show that Lombok will experience climate change, such as increasing air temperature and decreasing rainfall. Lombok’s vulnerability to climate change is in the LVI value range of 0.376 to 0.448. The impacts of climate change felt by men and women in Lombok differ because of differences in access, participation, control, and benefits (APCB) influenced. The results show that women are more vulnerable than men. One of the most influential factors is the lower education level for women due to limited resources and access, resulting in a need for more understanding regarding climate change.
Experimental analysis of liquefaction potential with variations of soil relative density and earthquake frequency
Authors: Salimah A , Alvaro M Z , Prakoso W A , Yelvi  , Harminto D S , Rahayu W
Published: December 2023

The resistance of sandy soil against liquefaction is influenced by its grain size and relative density. This study investigates the potential for liquefaction and settlement resulting from liquefaction. A single axis shaking table was employed, with a displacement of 2.5 cm and a box measuring 400 mm long, 400 mm wide and 600 mm height. Various relative soil densities were evaluated, namely 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%, along with 1 Hz and 1.2 Hz seismic frequency variations. The experiment used three pore pressure transmitter sensors to measure the increase in pore water pressure (top, middle, and bottom), accelerometer sensors to measure acceleration, and settlement measurements at 12 points. The experimental findings prove a correlation between the relative density of the soil and its liquefaction potential. Increasing the relative density of the soil results in a decrease in settlement, ranging from a maximum settlement of 2.93 cm to a minimum settlement of 1.77 cm. Concerning the variation in earthquake frequencies, higher frequencies correspond to increased soil settlement, showing a difference of 15% to 33%. This study highlights the significance of earthquake frequencies and relative soil density in assessing the potential for soil liquefaction.
Modified geomorphic flood index (GFI) method on backwater problem in tidal tropical river for rapid flood assessment
Authors: Abusarif A R , Nugroho E O , Riawan E , Ferdiansyah A , Andrean R , Farid M , Kuntoro A A , Adityawan B , Kusuma M S B , Kusuma W , Wahid A N
Published: December 2023

The Geomorphic Flood Index (GFI) model can show flood inundation in a watershed based on flood events. Flood inundation can occur because of the backwater effect in the river channel. The different water levels from the river and tide that occur downstream may temporarily disturb the water depth and flow velocity. Because of this disturbance, a backwater effect might occur. The case study is located at the Plumbon River in Semarang City, which has the potential for a backwater effect in the river downstream. Backwater is a hydraulic phenomenon that occurs in rivers and can be simulated using a hydrodynamic model, as it can show the relationship between river discharge and tides. The conventional GFI method does not consider hydraulic effects, such as backwater effects, as part of the calculation. Therefore, modifications will be inserted into the calculation of the hydraulic effect on the modelling of flood inundation. The main purpose of this study is to build a modified GFI method that includes backwater analysis in its modelling to predict the backwater effect that occurs downstream of rivers and its impact on inundation. This study will help rapidly predict flood inundation.
Differences in greenhouse gas emission calculation guidelines for palm oil and its implication on mitigation planning
Authors: Amri N N , Anwar S , Jupesta J , Sahari B
Published: December 2023

There are a number Green House Gas (GHG) emission guidelines for palm oil that are frequently used to determine annual GHG level for various purposes, one of which is to develop a mitigation strategy. The objective of the study was to evaluate three different GHG calculation guidelines (RSPO, ISCC, and GHG Protocol) for palm oil and implication on mitigation planning. The three different guidelines and their result on GHG calculation were observed by comparing data activities of emissions sources, emission factors, and cut-off date by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach and Intergoverment Panel Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines as references. The results of benchmark were then used to determine steps for a mitigation strategy. The result shows that utilization of cut-off date in GHG calculation from land-use aspect has a significant impact on GHG emission calculation result used for the development of mitigation strategy.
Infiltration rate, soil penetration resistance, and soil aggregate stability at pineapple plantation as a consequence of in situ resistance organic matter application
Authors: Purwakusuma W , Yusuf S M , Wahjunie E D , Baskoro D P T , Rahmawati A S , Raharjo M A
Published: December 2023

Long-term intensive land management practice has been proven to decrease soil quality due to soil compaction. Theoretically, it would be easy to overcome by applying organic matter. However, conventional organic matter application in pineapple plantation may have some problems since the growing season of pineapple is eighteen months. In contrast, conventional organic matter would decompose at less than six months. In situ resistance organic matter is one of the alternatives and at the same time, supports the zero-waste program of the industry. A set of field research has been done on the pineapple plantation site of PT Great Giant Pineapple Plantation Lampung for one year based on randomized block design. Bromelain extraction waste product and chopped bamboo trees were used as the resistance organic matter resource. The resistant organic matters were applied at the rate of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 ton ha-1 to investigate its effect on soil infiltration rate, soil penetration resistance, and soil aggregate stability. The application of resistance organic matter has a positive impact on the parameters investigated. The infiltration rate was very high at the first month of application but tended to decrease at 5th month of application and then leveling off. However, the value is constantly and significantly higher than control. Soil penetration resistance was significantly lower than control either at a soil depth of 0 – 10 cm, 10 – 20 cm, or 20 – 30 cm. Soil aggregate stability is higher than control at 5th month of application, the values slightly decreased at 11th month of application.
Evaluation of several macroalgae species on methane emission and antioxidant activity based on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics
Authors: Wahyuni D S , Jayanegara A , Wiryawan K G , Ridwan R , Kusumaningrum S , Akhadiarto S , Fidriyanto R , Fitri A , Darmawan W A , Surachman M , Herdis H , Gazali M , Mawarni G K , Khan F A , Lideman
Published: December 2023

Marine macroalgae are the prospective and promising Indonesian natural resources containing bioactive compounds. This study aimed at evaluating various seaweed species with optimal biological activity to mitigate in vitro rumen methane emission and to confirm their antioxidant properties. In addition, relationships among several phenolic fractions and methane (CH4) production of seaweeds were elucidated by Pearson Correlation to screen seaweeds for their capacity to reduce CH4 formation. For in vitro batch cultures experiment, the diets were 500 mg of a substrate of seaweed. They were incubated with 50 ml of buffered rumen fluid (1:2 ratio of rumen fluid to buffer media) in a 100 ml serum vial at 39°C for 72 hours incubation time. A randomized block design was carried out with 14 dried seaweed treatments and 5 different cattle rumen fluid groups as a block. For total phenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity, a completely randomized design with 14 treatments and 3 replications was carried out. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan analysis. The results showed that the lowest methane production (ml/g DM incubated) significantly (P<0.05) was reduced by Halymenia sp. (0.24) and Caulerpa racemosa (0.41). Caulerpa racemosa showed high flavonoid content (1.5 mg Quercetin/g) and Ulva lactuca had the highest phenol content (0.55 mg Gallic Acid/g). Gracilaria coronopifolia had strong antioxidant activity DPPH radical scavenging activity (77.5% inhibition). It was concluded that Halymenia sp., Caulerpa racemosa and Gracilaria coronopifolia could be used as methane inhibitors and antioxidants for ruminants.
Effect of Coal Ash Enriched Compost on Soil Chemical Properties of Ultisols
Authors: Putri A , Iskandar I , Oktariani P , Limin A
Published: December 2023

Ultisols are soils that develop in humid tropical areas and are formed due to an intensive leaching process, resulting in the accumulation of clay in the subsoil. A decrease in the chemical-physical properties of Ultisols, such as a decrease in the levels of organic C, total N, cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation, and on the other hand, an increase in Al saturation and soil bulk density, can occur as a result of continuous monoculture cultivation. Improving the quality of degraded soil is usually carried out by amelioration using compost. Still, the addition of compost often only has a significant effect on improving the physical properties of the soil. Coal ash in the form of fly ash-bottom ash (FABA) is a waste product from burning coal in electric steam power plants. The amount of FABA is very abundant and its utilization is minimal. FABA has an alkaline pH and contains various nutrients in varying amounts. Therefore FABA has the potential to be used as an ameliorant to improve the chemical properties of acid soils such as Ultisols. Experiments with the spread technique of compost+FABA at a dose of 50 tons/ha and in rows technique at a dose of 25 tons/ha, 15 tons/ha, and 5 tons/ha were conducted to determine the effect of the treatment on soil chemical properties. Application of FABA-enriched compost in rows technique at a dose of 25 tons/ha had a significant effect and showed the best soil chemical properties, including increasing organic C, total N, total P, available P, exch-K, -Ca, -Mg, and -Na, CEC, base saturation, and decreased Al saturation. Utilization of FABA as a soil ameliorant combined with compost can improve soil quality more effectively.
Contribution biochar residue to the role of compost and urea in improving crop yields, soil chemistry properties, and the diversity of soil surface insects in the maize (Zea mays L.) crop land
Authors: Zaitun Zaitun , Sufardi Sufardi , Suwarno Suwarno , Nurahmi Erida , Jufri Yadi , Chaliszar Mohd. , Sah Sabaruddin , Chunaizaturrahmah Chunaizaturrahmah
Published: December 2023

The objectives of experiments were to study the contribution of biochar residue, compost and urea fertilization on crop yields, soil chemical properties, and the diversity of soil surface insects in the maize crop land. The research was conducted at the University Farm Ie Seum Research Station, Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province, Indonesia. There were three treatments: biochar residue (no biochar residue and biochar residue 30-ton ha−1 or 15 kg plot−1), compost (no compost and compost 30-ton ha−1 or 15 kg plot−1), and urea fertilizer (no urea and urea 200 kg ha−1 or 100 g plot−1). The plant yield parameters were corn weight with cornhusk and no cornhusk and corn production with cornhusk and no cornhusk. The soil chemical properties included pH (H2O), total N, available P, organic C, and cation exchange capacity. Soil surface insects were identified using experimental methods, and insects were collected using a pit fall trap (trap barber). The results showed that the combination of biochar residue and compost resulted in the highest corn yields. The combination of biochar residue, compost, and urea fertilizer increased available P, but not pH (H2O), total N, organic C, and cation exchange capacity. Surface insects on the maize plant land consisting of nine genera were classified into five orders: Blatoidea, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, and Orthoptera. Genus Aphaenogaster and Camponotus dominated soil surface insects.
Characterization of the essential oil content of lemon (Citrus limon burm f.) peel and the active component of the cohobation waste
Authors: Rienoviar  , Junaidi Lukman , Lestari Nami , Hartanto Eddy Sapto , Sulistyaningrum Anna , Smith Husein
Published: December 2023

Lemon (Citrus limon burm f.) peel is a waste from processing lemons that has not been utilized optimally. One effort to utilize lemon peel waste is by extracting essential oils. In the process of extracting essential oils of lemon peel, a waste by-product will be produced in the form of solid waste (cohobation waste). In order to increase the economic value of lemon peel, it is necessary to evaluate the content of active components in the cohobation waste of the lemon peel extraction process. This study aims to examine the essential oil components in lemon peel and the active components contained in the cohobation waste resulted from the extraction process. The essential oil extraction method used was cohobation. The testing method used was the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The results showed that the essential oil components extracted from lemon peel were: d-limonene (79.38%), citral (5.98%), neral (3.62%), 3-cyclohexene-1-methanol, α.,α.4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol (2.94%), linalool (2%), β-myrcene (1.18%), and p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol (1.85%). While the results of the cohobation waste test contained various active components, such as: 9,12 octadecadienoic acid (20.66%), g-sitosterol (11.47%), hexadecanoic acid (9.85%), β-bisabolene (9.45%), β-fenchol (7.57%), α-bergamotene (5.47%), vitamin E (2.57%), and campesterol (2.24%).
Comparing avians diversity between two university in Indonesia
Authors: Trissanti V N , Permatasari P A , Setiawan Y
Published: December 2023

IPB University and the University of Indonesia (UI) are two of the many campuses in Indonesia that take part in the UIgreenmetric ranking every year. In 2018, The two campuses were ranked in the top two of UIgreenmetric for national campuses and were committed to going to green campus. This study is important because the campus area in both universities is an area used by students as a place to study, the location of field practicums and research. Besides that, this research can be used as a reference for evaluating and improving environmental conditions at each campus. This study aims to compare the avian diversity on both campuses. Avian data was conducted at the green campus open space using the Ten Species List of MacKinnon and Variable Circular Plot Method. The observation was recorded every morning and afternoon with repetition. The comparison of bird species diversity between IPB Darmaga Campus and UI Depok Campus is included in the same classification, namely the moderate. The higher the number, the higher the species diversity classification. Still, the diversity value is higher in IPB Darmaga Campus at 2.7 compared to UI Depok Campus, which is 2.3.
Corn cob usage as activated carbon using KOH as activator
Authors: Agustina S , Yulianto A , Kamil A , Saepudin A , Fajriyan  , Manurung S E R , Budiyanto  , Majid A , Fitrina A
Published: December 2023

The value of agroindustry waste like corn cob can be added as raw material for produced activated carbon. Activated carbon can be used as adsorbent in food, pharmacy, cosmetic industries, and waste water treatment. This research was conducted by using KOH as activator in the activation process for produced of activated carbon from corn cob. The methods include several steps, first step was particle size reduction. Second step was carbonization process in 500° C for an hour. Third step was activation process using solid KOH and liquid KOH, then heated at 900° C. Then, it will be washed until neutral and dried at 105° C. The activated carbon was observed for iodine adsorption, surface area, carbon content and morphology. The result for activation process using solid KOH: optimum iodine adsorption, optimum surface area, and optimum carbon content were 1233.87 mg/g, 2076.141 m2/g, and 93.59 %, respectively. Activation process using liquid KOH: optimum iodine adsorption, optimum surface area, and optimum carbon content were 595.16 mg/g, 716.271 m2/g, and 95.24 %, respectively. The morphology of activated carbon using solid KOH was cleaner and more open (porous). The Activated carbon can be applied for skin care product, like gel peel off mask.