bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Networking the political: On the dynamic interrelations that create publics in the digital age
Authors: Roslyng Mette Marie , Blaagaard Bolette B
Published: November 2016

This article argues that the definition of the political and its role in on- and offline public spheres calls for a conceptualization that takes into account the networked connections established between lay and professional political actors, mass media and mobile media. While acknowledging the importance of popular and mass media’s impact on participatory and democratic processes, this article focuses on the cultural citizen and proposes that a rethinking of publics affords a new understanding of the idea of networks as a series of connection points fostering a dynamic and relational view on the political. We illustrate this conceptualization through a case study mapping the agonistic and antagonistic frontiers in communication in a variety of publics and counter-publics in the context of Danish minority culture and politics.
The ties that bind the diaspora to Turkey and Europe during the Gezi protests
Authors: Giglou Roya Imani , Ogan Christine , d’Haenens Leen
Published: November 2016

The Gezi Park demonstrations across Turkey in the early summer of 2013 offered another opportunity to examine the role played by social media in a social movement. This survey of 967 ethnic (Turkish or Kurdish) minorities living in Belgium, the Netherlands, and Germany focuses on attitudes and behaviors alongside uses of offline and online networks to make connections with others during and after Gezi. We investigate whether the respondents living in the diaspora experienced communication-generated social capital. We also examine whether the social capital already built through lives spent in Europe, where connections to majority populations had been forged, was at least temporarily reversed through a process of re-bonding, as ethnic minorities turned their attention and loyalty to the social movement in Turkey.
Identification of lymph node metastasis-related microRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and analysis of the underlying mechanisms using a bioinformatics approach
Authors: Yan Li , Jiao Demin , Hu Huizhen , Wang Jian , Tang Xiali , Chen Jun , Chen Qingyong
Published: November 2016

This study aimed to screen lymphatic metastasis-related microRNAs (miRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma and explore their underlying mechanisms using bioinformatics. The miRNA expression in primary lung adenocarcinoma, matched adjacent non-tumorigenic and lymph node metastasis tissues of patients were profiled via microarray. The screened metastasis-related miRNAs were then validated using quantitative real-time PCR in a second cohort of lung adenocarcinoma patients with lymphatic metastasis. Significance was determined using a paired t-test. Target genes of the metastasis-related miRNAs were predicted using TargetScan, and transcription factors (TFs) were predicted based on the TRANSFAC and ENCODE databases. Furthermore, the related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened with starBase v2.0. The miRNA-TF-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed to determine the key interactions associated with lung adenocarcinoma metastasis. According to the miRNA microarray results, there were 10 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in metastatic tissues compared with primary tumor and adjacent non-tumorigenic tissues. Among them were increased levels of miR-146a-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-150-5p, which were validated in the second cohort. Based on the miRNA-TF-mRNA network, vascular endothelial growth factor A and transcription factors (TFs) including TP53, SMAD4, and EP300 were recognized as critical targets of the three miRNAs. Interactions involving SNHG16–miR-146a-5p–SMAD4 and RP6-24A23.7–miR-342-3p/miR-150-5p–EP300 were highlighted according to the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. miR-146a-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-150-5p are lymphatic metastasis-related miRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma. Bioinformatics analyses demonstrated that SNHG16 might inhibit the interaction between miR-146a-5p and SMAD4, while RP6-24A23.7 might weaken miR-342-3p–EP300 and miR-150-5p–EP300 interactions in metastasis.
QuickDASH Score Is Associated With Treatment Choice in Patients With Trapeziometacarpal Arthrosis
Authors: Wilkens Suzanne C. , Menendez Mariano E. , Ring David , Chen Neal
Published: November 2016

Background: Trapeziometacarpal (TMC) arthrosis has a variety of treatment options, including nonoperative (eg, education, splint, injection) and operative management. Symptoms and limitations vary greatly among patients. The purpose of this study was to determine an association of symptoms and limitations, quantified using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score, with treatment choice in patients newly diagnosed with TMC arthrosis. We also addressed the association of the QuickDASH score with radiographic severity and sought factors associated with higher QuickDASH scores. Methods: As part of the routine new patient intake paperwork, all new patients completed a QuickDASH form. We included 81 new patients with newly diagnosed TMC arthrosis visiting the office of 1 of 5 orthopedic hand surgeons between March 1, 2015, and November 30, 2015. Eight patients were excluded because of incomplete QuickDASH forms. Results: Based on QuickDASH tertiles, patients with a low QuickDASH score were more likely to choose education alone than patients with intermediate and high QuickDASH scores; no patients in the lowest QuickDASH tertile chose injection or surgery. Patients who chose education alone also had a lower mean QuickDASH score than patients who chose splint or surgery. Radiographic severity and other patient-related factors were not associated with greater symptoms and limitations. Conclusions: More adaptive patients (lower QuickDASH) are less likely to choose injection or surgery, irrespective of disease severity. The psychosocial factors known to correlate with greater symptoms and limitations might lead patients to feel they have fewer options or to choose more interventional options than they would if they were more at ease. In other words, inadequate attention to psychosocial factors may increase the risk of misdiagnosis of patient preferences.
Three-pass perforated tube muffler with perforated bulkheads
Authors: Fan Yiliang , Ji Zhenlin
Published: November 2016

The one-dimensional analytical approach is developed to predict and analyze the acoustic attenuation performance of three-pass perforated tube muffler with perforated bulkhead(s) and validated by comparing the transmission loss results from one-dimensional analytical approach and finite element method. The one-dimensional analytical approach is then used to investigate the effect of perforated bulkhead(s) on the acoustic attenuation performance of three-pass perforated tube reactive and hybrid mufflers. The results indicated that perforates on the bulkhead may change the resonant frequency of the three-pass perforated tube reactive muffler, and the resonance frequency is shifted to higher frequency with the increase in the porosity of perforation. The sound-absorbing material filling in the middle chamber may improve the acoustic attenuation performance of the mufflers from middle to high frequencies, while the acoustic attenuation performance around the resonance frequencies is lowered somewhat; therefore, a flatter acoustic response may be formed for the hybrid muffler than the reactive muffler.
Process Mining–Based Method of Designing and Optimizing the Layouts of Emergency Departments in Hospitals
Authors: Rismanchian Farhood , Lee Young Hoon
Published: November 2016

Objective:

This article proposes an approach to help designers analyze complex care processes and identify the optimal layout of an emergency department (ED) considering several objectives simultaneously. These objectives include minimizing the distances traveled by patients, maximizing design preferences, and minimizing the relocation costs.

Background:

Rising demand for healthcare services leads to increasing demand for new hospital buildings as well as renovating existing ones. Operations management techniques have been successfully applied in both manufacturing and service industries to design more efficient layouts. However, high complexity of healthcare processes makes it challenging to apply these techniques in healthcare environments.

Method:

Process mining techniques were applied to address the problem of complexity and to enhance healthcare process analysis. Process-related information, such as information about the clinical pathways, was extracted from the information system of an ED. A goal programming approach was then employed to find a single layout that would simultaneously satisfy several objectives.

Results:

The layout identified using the proposed method improved the distances traveled by noncritical and critical patients by 42.2% and 47.6%, respectively, and minimized the relocation costs.

Conclusion:

This study has shown that an efficient placement of the clinical units yields remarkable improvements in the distances traveled by patients.
Sexual Violence Among Out-of-School Female Adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Odeyemi Kofoworola , Olufunlayo Tolulope , Ogunnowo Babatunde , Onajole Adebayo
Published: November 2016

Sexual violence against females is a public health problem. This descriptive cross-sectional study sought to determine the prevalence of sexual violence among out-of-school female adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria and examine the context in which it occurs. Three hundred and fifty adolescents, between the ages of 10 and 19 years, working in Sandgrouse market, Lagos, were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Almost half (42.9%) of the respondents have had sexual intercourse, and median age at initiation was 17 years. Forced initiation was reported by 15.8%, and 36.3% reported that first intercourse was due to coercion. Among the sexually active, only 12.3% stated that “it is what they desire.” Majority of respondents (64.1%) believe that rape is common in their community, and 18% of the sexually active have experienced rape. Out-of-school adolescents in this community are at risk of sexual violence. The factors that make them vulnerable need to be addressed.
Determining the Relationship Between Physical Fitness, Gender, and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Busing Kyle , West Carrie
Published: November 2016

Previous research has suggested a positive effect of physical activity on life satisfaction. Little research exists that has investigated the relationship between physical fitness and life satisfaction. For this purpose, this research was done to determine the relationship between physical fitness and life satisfaction in a sample of university men and women. Participants ( N = 28, Mage = 22.18) completed multiple indicators of physical fitness including cardiovascular fitness, muscular fitness, body composition and flexibility, and life satisfaction (SWLS). Descriptive and one-way between-groups ANOVAs were performed to determine gender differences on measures of life satisfaction and measures of fitness. In addition, the relationship between the five health-related components of fitness and life satisfaction were investigated using Pearson’s product–moment correlation coefficient. Analyses indicated there were no significant correlations between any of the health-related components of fitness and scores on the SWLS. There were significant gender differences on all physical fitness measures, except partial curl-ups, but no significant gender differences on life satisfaction. Our findings suggest that improved physical fitness does not have a relationship with higher life satisfaction measures. Further tests, utilizing larger sample sizes, are recommended.
Early Development Standards for Children Aged 2 to 12 Months in a Low-Income Setting
Authors: Lokuketagoda Buddhi U. W. P. , Thalagala Neil , Fonseka Pushpa , Tran Thach
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to develop a screening tool to screen children for development problems in a low-income setting. Childhood development problems are a major health issue faced by low-income countries. A validated screening tool is needed for early identification of developmental delays. This article contains the first phase of a study that established a relatively simple tool to screen children for developmental problems. The aim of the first phase was to define a set of development indicators for the period of 2 to 12 months of life. The study methodology consisted of an extensive literature review, to develop a set of indicators to measure child development in infancy. The indicators were placed within a framework developed and used by experts in other countries. It consists of major domains, subdomains, specific aspects, and standards of development. This was followed by content validation of the indicators. Following review of literature, 171 indicators were compiled under the framework. At the end of content validation, 125 indicators were retained in the framework. These were pretested, and another 26 were removed following pretesting. The study developed a framework of indicators that could be used as a development tool following a reference-based validation. The second phase of the study that included the assessment of psychometric characteristics and reference-based validation would be published in a separate article.
Exploring the Perceptions of Wits Academic Women About Women Empowerment and the Changing Roles of Women in 21st-Century South Africa
Authors: Muberekwa Evelyn , Nkomo Thobeka
Published: November 2016

Issues of women’s empowerment and gender inequality have been of paramount importance, particularly in the two decades since the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, 1995. At that conference, the campaign for women’s empowerment was initiated to implement laws promoting gender equality. This research explored the perceptions of nine academic women at the University of the Witwatersrand with regard to women’s empowerment and the changing roles of women in a South African context in the 21st century. The research adopted a qualitative research methodology, and purposive sampling was utilized to select the study population. Data were collected in the form of semistructured interviews of approximately 30 to 60 min in duration, and thematic content analysis was applied to analyze the data. The data collected indicated that women in academia face challenges and experiences like other women in the workforce. These challenges and experiences are a result of the patriarchal nature of the workplace environment and the slow transformation at the university. It is also interesting to note that the gender roles of women in academia in their daily activities, married or single, are aggravated by the patriarchal nature of the broader society in which these women live.
Synovial C-Shaped Tibial Footprint of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Janovsky César , Kaleka Camila Cohen , Alves Maria Teresa Seixas , Ferretti Mario , Cohen Moises
Published: November 2016

Background:

Although numerous anatomic studies about the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) structure and attachments have been performed, these studies have not reached consensus on the ACL footprint.

Purpose:

To investigate the existing controversy regarding the morphology of the tibial ACL insertion (footprint) and confirm histologically that the tibial ACL footprint is not completely filled with ligament tissue.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

The tibial ACL footprint was dissected from 20 different fresh-frozen cadaveric knees (all males; mean age, 68.8 ± 5.4 years [range, 55-80 years]; mean weight, 78 ± 6.6 kg [range, 45-93 kg]). Two knees, 1 with severe osteoarthritis and 1 with previous knee surgery, were excluded. The tibial ACL insertion was observed, and this area was longitudinally divided into 4 parallel slices (0%-25%, 25-50%, 50%-75%, and 75%-100%), embedded in paraffin wax, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue, and picrosirius-polarization. The specimens were measured using a microscope to determine the distances from the anterior to the posterior border of the ACL ligament tibial insertion and the distance from the posterior border to the end of the ligament fibers of the ACL ligament tibial insertions.

Results:

The 18 evaluated knee specimens confirmed the finding of a C-shaped tibial insertion of the ACL. The measurements showed that the ligament (vertical parallel collagen fibers) occupied only 30.8% of the complete insertion. The remaining area was filled with synovial tissue, demonstrating histologically the “C” shape.

Conclusion:

This study confirms macroscopically the C-shaped tibial insertion of the ACL and shows histologically that synovial tissue is an indirect insertion filling the major part of the footprint.

Clinical Relevance:

This anatomic study suggests a different shape of the ACL tibial footprint, which may be useful for new perspectives regarding ACL reconstruction surgery research.
Clay squirt: Local flow dispersion in shale-bearing sandstones
Authors: Sørensen Morten Kanne , Fabricius Ida Lykke
Published: November 2016

Dispersion of elastic-wave velocity is common in sandstone and larger in shaly sandstone than in clean sandstone. Dispersion in fluid-saturated shaly sandstone often exceeds the level expected from the stress-dependent elastic moduli of dry sandstone. The large dispersion has been coined clay squirt and is proposed to originate from a pressure gradient between the clay microporosity and the effective porosity. We have formulated a simple model that quantifies the clay-squirt effect on bulk moduli of sandstone with homogeneously distributed shale laminae or dispersed shale. The model predictions were compared with the literature data. For sandstones with dispersed shale, agreement was found, whereas other sandstones have larger fluid-saturated bulk modulus, possibly due to partially load-bearing shales or heterogeneous shale distribution. The data that agree with the clay-squirt model indicated nonuniform pore pressure in the high-frequency regime and uniform pore pressure in the low-frequency regime. Therefore, our model showed that clay-squirt dispersion can attain a sufficient magnitude to explain much of the large dispersion observed in shaly sandstone.
Estimating frequency-dependent attenuation quality factor values from prestack surface seismic data
Authors: Beckwith James , Clark Roger , Hodgson Linda
Published: November 2016

The intrinsic seismic quality factor [Formula: see text] is known from poroelastic rock-physics theory to be frequency dependent, even within typical bandwidths of individual surface- and borehole-based surveys in which measurement methods usually deliver frequency-independent [Formula: see text]. Thus, measuring frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] instead offers better characterization of seismic properties and moreover a potential step toward estimating permeability directly from seismic data. Therefore, we have introduced a method to measure frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] from pairs of reflections in prestack [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] domain surface seismic data — a data type that, unlike a vertical seismic profile, offers useful areal coverage. Although, in principle, any analytic form with a manageable number of parameters could be prescribed, the frequency dependence of [Formula: see text] is modeled as a power law, [Formula: see text]. Inversion is done with a simple grid search over coefficient ([Formula: see text]) and exponent [Formula: see text], seeking a minimum [Formula: see text]-norm. We have found, using a numerical experiment and a synthetic data set, that it is robust and also accurate down to a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 0.65. Then, [Formula: see text] is estimated for some 955 [Formula: see text] superbins of a 3D prestack ocean bottom cable data set over the Kinnoull field, central North Sea. All combinations of eight prominent reflections between Top Miocene and Base Cretaceous were treated together to give some 21,000 frequency-dependent and (for comparison) constant-[Formula: see text] results. The median coefficient ([Formula: see text]) and exponent [Formula: see text] were 0.0074 and 0.06, respectively, with sharply peaked distributions (excess kurtosis [Formula: see text]). Outlier, strongly frequency-dependent results, given by [Formula: see text], coincide with low-frequency “shadows” under amplitude anomalies, adversely affecting the spectra of reflections. The inferred frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] at 32.5 Hz, the center of the available bandwidth, is not statistically different from the frequency-independent [Formula: see text], 181 with a standard error from the distribution of one, derived from the same data. Hence for this data set, a constant-[Formula: see text] assumption would in fact be adequate. However, our method has the ability to measure stable estimates of [Formula: see text].
On the question of defining the legal status of artificial islands
Authors: Шевченко Ольга , Shevchenko Olga , Понкин Игорь , Ponkin Igor , Понкина Алена , Ponkina Alena
Published: November 2016

This article covers features of the artificial islands international legal status. The article shows that the most relevant is the question of the possibility of extending the jurisdiction of coastal States on artificial islands in the seas. The article argues that the creation of artificial islands relate to matters of national sovereignty and maritime jurisdiction, delimitation of maritime boundaries, development and use of natural marine resources. The article shown that inadequate regulation of these issues today creates tension in international relations, provokes international disputes and conflicts. This article investigated the main problems in definition and consolidation of artificial islands. Legal obstacles for the provision of such objects under certain conditions are indicated. The article presents the classification of types of the artificial islands in terms of international law.
Liability of Business Entities in Distributive Retail Trade
Authors: Ильина Дарья , Ilyina Daria
Published: November 2016

Article is addressed to entrepreneurs leading business in the retail trade. The aim of the article is to point the main problematic aspects of the business activity which should be specially controlled by entrepreneurs due to high risk of liability in case of a mistake and breakage the law. The article devoted to compilation of statutory requirements in the area of retail trade.
Harmonization of EAEU Laws on the Movement of Goods
Authors: Степанова Анжела , Stepanova Anzhela , Морозова Анна , Morozova Anna
Published: November 2016

The present article explores the questions of harmonization and unification which take place in the Eurasian Economic Union. Being a result of the integration processes within the Post-Soviet area, the EAEU is now moving toward an uniform approach to regulation of certain customs law institution. This approach was revealed in article through three categories: harmonization, unification and systematization. Using the methodology of legal research, authors analyze the domestic legislation of the EAEU member-countries in terms of the potential to maintain obligations to bring it into full compliance with the standards approved on the Union level. The measures on improvement the quality of ratified treaties are also given.
The grounds and reasons of application of detention of a suspect
Authors: Вершинина Светлана , Vershinina Svetlana
Published: November 2016

The article considers the reasons and motives of criminal procedure detention of a suspect. The author substantiates the conclusion about the necessity of exceptions to criminal procedural law the category of "grounds for detention", and proposes to distinguish two types of detention of a suspect, identified by the grounds and purposes of their use: type of custody is an arrest of a suspect in order to prevent its concealment, and the creation of conditions for the decision of a question on necessity of application of measures of restraint; the second is the arrest of wanted suspect, in order to ensure his participation in consideration by court of a question on application to him measures of restraint in form of detention.
The Impact of Fake Reviews on Online Visibility: A Vulnerability Assessment of the Hotel Industry
Authors: Lappas Theodoros , Sabnis Gaurav , Valkanas Georgios
Published: November 2016

Extant research has focused on the detection of fake reviews on online review platforms, motivated by the well-documented impact of customer reviews on the users’ purchase decisions. The problem is typically approached from the perspective of protecting the credibility of review platforms, as well as the reputation and revenue of the reviewed firms. However, there is little examination of the vulnerability of individual businesses to fake review attacks. This study focuses on formalizing the visibility of a business to the customer base and on evaluating its vulnerability to fake review attacks. We operationalize visibility as a function of the features that a business can cover and its position in the platform’s review-based ranking. Using data from over 2.3 million reviews of 4,709 hotels from 17 cities, we study how visibility can be impacted by different attack strategies. We find that even limited injections of fake reviews can have a significant effect and explore the factors that contribute to this vulnerable state. Specifically, we find that, in certain markets, 50 fake reviews are sufficient for an attacker to surpass any of its competitors in terms of visibility. We also compare the strategy of self-injecting positive reviews with that of injecting competitors with negative reviews and find that each approach can be as much as 40% more effective than the other across different settings. We empirically explore response strategies for an attacked hotel, ranging from the enhancement of its own features to detecting and disputing fake reviews. In general, our measure of visibility and our modeling approach regarding attack and response strategies shed light on how businesses that are targeted by fake reviews can detect and tackle such attacks.
Resilience: why it matters and how doctors can improve it
Authors: Mills Jonathan , McKimm Judy
Published: November 2016

Resilience is the ability to cope with challenges and withstand pressure. It is subjective and affects individuals differently. Understanding how to build one's own resilience and being aware when others in the team are struggling is essential for any aspiring clinical leader.
Improving the ward-based care of patients post-thyroidectomy
Authors: Mahalingam Sridhayan , Singhal Rachit , Mugilan Sridhayani , Choudhury Natasha
Published: November 2016

Nursing staff play a crucial role in managing surgical patients in the postoperative period. However, with an increasing risk of subspecialty wards facing closure as a result of financial pressures within the NHS, the knowledge base and expertise of ward-based nursing staff of surgical subspecialties is becoming increasingly limited. Using patients undergoing thyroidectomy as an example, a quality improvement multidisciplinary audit is presented, which shows how simple targeted interventions through a multidisciplinary approach can help maintain high standards of patient care in a secondary care setting.
Effect of exercise in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Youssef Manal K , Philips Mariana V
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important epidemic and public health problem, which occurs in many countries with an increasing prevalence. Over 50 million people throughout the world are known to have CKD and of these, more than 1 million require renal replacement therapies such as dialysis and renal transplantation. In recent years, the rising incidence of diabetes and hypertension, the two most common causes of CKD, have caused an increase in the prevalence of CKD, being responsible for over 70% of all cases of CKD. The current study was conducted to detect the effect of aerobic exercise versus resistance exercise in patients suffering from diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods:

Thirty patients with DKD, ranging from 18–46 years old, were included in this study from the Department of Internal medicine, Cairo University Hospitals. Subjects were divided randomly into two equal groups. Group 1 received aerobic exercises, and group 2 received resistance exercises for 3 months. All participants were evaluated before the first session of treatment and at the end of treatment through: creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, haemoglobin, glucose, blood pressure, and physical performance, which includes walking speed, ascending stairs, descending stairs, return time, muscle power and muscle endurance.

Results:

Both groups showed a decrease in urea, creatinine, sodium, blood glucose, blood pressure, and an increase potassium and physical performance.

Conclusions:

Resistance exercises, as well as aerobic exercise, have a positive effect on decreasing urea, creatinine, glucose, blood pressure, and increasing physical performance and so it can be used safely in DKD patients.
The potential role of the occupational therapist in acute psychiatric services: A comparative evaluation
Authors: Fitzgerald Martin
Published: November 2016

Aims and background:

This analysis paper describes a comparative evaluation of service deliverables within the Service Level Agreements (SLA) of two acute psychiatric services, one inclusive and the other exclusive of occupational therapy.

Methods:

Six SLA agreements provided the standards by which the two services were evaluated. The SLAs were evaluated because they are used by the service managers and commissioners to measure performance and clinical effectiveness. The role of the occupational therapists and their contribution to the planning and delivery of the performance indicators was also considered. An evaluation framework was applied to explore the potential role occupational therapy may have had in any performance difference between the two sites. In doing so it is hoped to provide some evidence to support and inform occupational therapists and service managers on the role and of occupational therapy in acute mental health services. This comparative evaluation followed the first three of the five audit stages: 1. Preparing for audit; 2. Selecting criteria; and 3. Measuring performance level.

Findings:

The service with occupational therapy performed better on home leave day use, ward occupancy and less than 3-day admissions.

Conclusions:

By delivering their key roles of individual assessment, therapeutic groups, individual treatment and discharge planning, occupational therapists were able to contribute to the overall efficiency of service delivery. These findings support the role of the occupational therapist in an acute psychiatric setting and provide guidance for managers on how to utilise occupational therapy in the delivery of service outcomes.
Hyper acute stroke unit patient suitability for early supported discharge: Coordination and data analysis project
Authors: Perkins Nicola , Skrypak Mirek , Barron Sarah , Kilbride Cherry , Simister Robert , Walker Hilary
Published: November 2016

Research has shown the benefits of early supported discharge (ESD) from stroke units on patient outcomes as well as reducing bed days in hospital. This 6-month project identified that there are higher numbers of patients (12%) who could go home earlier from the hyper acute stroke unit via ESD services when there was an ESD coordinator role in place. In order for this to occur, however, there needs to be a closer interprofessional working relationship with social services with regards to ensuring that both patient health and social needs are met. This role could potentially increase the amount of appropriate patients being discharged to ESD teams, thus allowing access to evidence-based care. This short report describes how appropriate coordination can meet patient needs while saving the local stroke health economy over £230 000 in a 6-month period.
Influence of beliefs about health and illness on self-care and care-seeking in foreign-born people with diabetic foot ulcers: dissimilarities related to origin
Authors: Hjelm K. , Apelqvist J.
Published: November 2016

Objective:

To describe beliefs about health and illness among foreign-born people with diabetic foot ulcers that might affect self-reported self-care and health-care seeking and to study whether there are dissimilarities related to origin.

Method:

Qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured interviews with people aged 38–86 years; 13 born in European and 13 in non-European countries (all except one in the Middle East). All resident in Sweden for 7–60 years (median: 18.5 years).

Results:

Most believed foot ulcers were unavoidable and difficult to detect. Foot problems were mainly believed to be due to internal factors (diabetes), sometimes combined with external factors (inappropriate footwear, hot water, or barefoot walking). Health was described as freedom from illness and health professionals were seen as important sources of information. Perceived health deteriorated after the onset of the foot problems due to immobility and pain. People from the Middle East differed from other respondents as they discussed the importance of adapting to the will of Allah, leading to even poorer quality of life and a more negative view of future health. They also described more foot problems and perceived religion (Islam) with ritual washing of the feet to be important for health. However, they were regularly monitored to a lesser extent than European migrants. Economy affected health, more so in Europeans, due to expenses for medications and shoes. Many described limited activity in self-care, few had sought help for their problems and then solely among professionals, and had limited knowledge about the influence of glycaemic control on diabetes and foot status.

Conclusion:

Foreign-born people felt unable to prevent the incidence of foot ulcers, experienced problems with detection, and had limited knowledge of self-care. Dissimilarities in beliefs related to origin negatively influenced self-care of the feet, so it is important to assess individual beliefs and plan care and education accordingly.
Cost comparison of pressure ulcer preventive dressings: hydrocolloid dressing versus transparent polyurethane film
Authors: Dutra R.A.A. , Salomé G.M. , Leal L.M.F. , Alves M.G. , Moura J.P. , Silva A.T. , Pereira V.O.S. , de Brito M.J.A. , Ferreira L.M.
Published: November 2016

Objective:

To evaluate and compare the costs of using a transparent polyurethane film (PF) and hydrocolloid dressing (HD) in the prevention of pressure ulcers (PUs).

Method:

This descriptive, observational, longitudinal, comparative study was conducted in the intensive care units, coronary care unit and medical clinic of a charity hospital in Brazil. Data were collected during a 30-day study period, consisting of physical examination, assessment of risk factors for PU development and application of the Braden scale, which were performed at inclusion in the study and once daily during hospitalisation. Either PF or HD was applied bilaterally in the sacral and trochanteric regions for prevention of PUs in patients at a moderate to high risk of PUs according to the Braden scale, and costs of using PU preventive dressings were estimated.

Results:

The mean total costs per dressing change per patient when using the HD and PF to prevent PUs were 413.60 BRL and 74.04 BRL, respectively. There were significant between-group differences in mean costs for all variables, except for saline solution and nurse-technician services.

Conclusion:

Results showed that the mean cost per dressing change per patient was lower when using the transparent PF than when using the HD.
Trimethylamine N-oxide and Risk Stratification after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Suzuki Toru , Heaney Liam M , Jones Donald J L , Ng Leong L
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

Risk stratification in acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a clinical challenge. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut-derived metabolite, was investigated for its ability to assist in risk stratification for acute MI hospitalizations.

METHODS

TMAO was analyzed in 1079 acute MI patients. Associations with adverse outcome of all-cause mortality or reinfarction (death/MI) for shorter (6-month) and longer (2-year) terms were assessed and compared to other cohort-specific biomarkers. Added value in risk stratification by combined use with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score was also investigated.

RESULTS

TMAO independently predicted death/MI at 2 years [292 events, hazard ratio 1.21 (95% CI, 1.03–1.43), P = 0.023], but was not able to predict death/MI at 6 months (161 events, P = 0.119). For death/MI at 2 years, TMAO retained independent prediction of risk (P = 0.034) and improved stratification even after addition of multiple alternative and contemporary biomarkers previously shown to provide added prognostic value in this cohort. From these contemporary biomarkers, TMAO remained the only significant predictor of outcome. Further, TMAO improved risk stratification for death/MI at 6 months by down-classifying risk in patients with GRACE score >119 and plasma TMAO concentration ≤3.7 μmol/L.

CONCLUSIONS

TMAO levels showed association with poor prognosis (death/MI) at 2 years and superiority over contemporary biomarkers for patients hospitalized due to acute MI. Furthermore, when used with the GRACE score for calculating risk at 6 months, TMAO reidentified patients at lower risk after initial categorization into a higher-risk group and showed usefulness as a secondary risk stratification biomarker.
Com Sona l’ESO: un exemple del tractament de la llengua i la literatura des de l’àrea de música dins del concepte d’ensenyament integral
Authors: Cano Server Francesca
Published: November 2016

Com Sona l'ESO és un projecte en què s’integren música i dansa, literatura, llengua i educació amb una doble finalitat: traure fora de les quatre parets de l’aula el treball que es fa dia a dia amb l’alumnat i oferir-los l’oportunitat d’actuar en directe damunt d’un escenari. En aquest article es descriu el treball dins i fora de l’aula que culmina en aquest espectacle durant 16 edicions està recorrent diferents poblacions i centres del territori lingüístic i es posa en valor el caràcter multidisciplinari, la implicació social, el protagonisme de l’alumnat i l’èxit d’un treball que esdevé plenament aprenentatge significatiu.
Viatjant i llegint: un projecte de promoció de la lectura
Authors: Gisbert i Muñoz Francesc
Published: November 2016

«Viatjant i llegint: promoció de la lectura i vertebració del país» és un projecte de promoció de la lectura i del patrimoni cultural engegat per la Coordinadora pel Valencià de l'Alcoià-Comtat (Escola Valenciana). Des de l'any 2007 s'han posat en marxa una sèrie de rutes literàries amb un destinatari doble: el món educatiu, per la vessant didàctica i d'animació a la lectura; i el públic en general, per la dimensió de promoció turística i de redreçament de la identitat. L'article provarà de justificar el recurs de les rutes literàries com una eina útil per a l'animació a la lectura i la normalització del valencià. Explicarà en què han consistit tres d'aquestes propostes i farà una aplicació didàctica de cadascuna, en funció del nivell educatiu en què poden ser treballades, des d'educació primària a secundària i batxillerat.
La literatura: una aproximació a Jaume I a través dels projectes
Authors: Peñarroya i Ferrer Carla , Figuerola i Prats Paula
Published: November 2016

En aquest article analitzem les possibilitats de la metodologia del treball per projectes, vinculats a aspectes culturals per a l’ensenyament de la literatura. El nostre estudi parteix d’un projecte dut a terme en un centre de l’Horta Sud. El nostre objectiu és donar a conèixer la importància del rei Jaume I i aproximar la literatura als joves valencians a través de la festa del 9 d’Octubre. El nostre és un integral en què totes les àrees treballaran conjuntament durant dues setmanes i mitja en una franja horària determinada. Aquest treball és destinat al curs de segon d’ESO d’un centre amb un nivell socioeconòmic mitjà-alt i on la llengua vehicular és el valencià.
La literatura infantil i juvenil de Jaume Cabré
Authors: Camps Arbós Josep
Published: November 2016

Un dels aspectes més desconeguts de la trajectòria de Jaume Cabré com a escriptor és el seu interès per la literatura infantil i juvenil. Si bé la dedicació a aquest gènere consta només de quatre obres (les novel·les Galceran, l’heroi de la guerra negra, La història que en Roc Pons no coneixia i L’home de Sau; i la nouvelle L’any del Blauet) editades entre 1978 i 1984, els textos que en resulten mostren una gran similitud, tant pel que fa al tema com a l’estructura, amb la narrativa escrita per a adults, cosa que evidencia la coherència del món literari creat per l’autor.
Etiologi Demam Neutropenia pada Anak dengan Keganasan dan Penggunaan Skor Klasifikasi Rondinelli
Authors: Adrieanta Adrieanta , Windiastuti Endang , Handryastuti Setyo
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Pasien anak dengan keganasan dapat mengalami episode demam neutropenia. Pada demamneutropenia, di tiap pusat pelayanan kesehatan, etiologi bakterimia berbeda dan berubah secara periodik.Antibiotik empiris diberikan pada pasien demam neutropenia berdasarkan klasifikasinya. Skor Rondinelliuntuk menentukan klasifikasi pasien demam neutropenia menjadi risiko rendah dan risiko tinggi.Tujuan. Mengetahui karakteristik etiologi dan perjalanan klinis demam neutropenia pada anak dengankeganasan yang dirawat inap di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSCM.Metode. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel diambil dari data sekunder berupa rekam medispasien anak dengan keganasan yang mengalami demam neutropenia yang menjalani rawat inap di bangsalDepartemen IKA FKUI/RSCM mulai bulan Januari 2010 sampai dengan September 2013.Hasil. Penelitian dilakukan pada 86 pasien anak yang mengalami 96 episode demam neutropenia yangmemenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Prevalensi bakterimia pada episode demam neutropenia dengankeganasan 17%. Proporsi kuman penyebab terbanyak bakterimia adalah Staphylococcus sp (25%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25%), Klebsiella pneumonia (19%), dan Escherichia coli (13%). Penelitian inimendapatkan 40% luaran sembuh, 49% luaran tidak sembuh, dan 6% meninggal dunia. Berdasarkanskor Rondinelli, episode demam neutropenia risiko rendah yang memiliki luaran sembuh didapatkan 30(61%) dan risiko tinggi 13 (28%).Kesimpulan. Sebagian besar hasil kultur darah pada demam neutropenia adalah steril. Penyebab terbanyakbakterimia adalah kuman Gram negatif. Demam neutropenia memiliki morbiditas yang tinggi. SkorRondinelli dapat digunakan untuk melakukan klasifikasi demam neutropenia pada anak dengan keganasan.
Perbandingan Uji Tuberkulin dengan Kadar Interferon Gamma pada Kultur Sel Limfosit Anak Tersangka TB
Authors: Farlina Lita , Yani Finny Fitry , Basir Darfioes , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Tuberkulosis (TB) pada anak masih merupakan penyakit utama yang menyebabkan kesakitandan kematian. Sampai saat ini, diagnosis TB anak masih menjadi masalah. Uji tuberkulin atau tuberculinskin test (TST) merupakan metode yang masih dijadikan pedoman, tetapi mempunyai sensitivitas yangrendah. Uji interferon-􀁊 (IFN-􀁊) merupakan pemeriksaan yang lebih spesifik untuk mendukung diagnosisinfeksi TB anak.Tujuan. Mengetahui kesesuaian TST dengan IFN-􀁊 pada kultur sel limfosit anak tersangka TB.Metode. Penelitian cross sectional pada anak berusia 3 bulan-14 tahun tersangka TB atau memiliki kontakerat dengan penderita TB paru BTA(+) dewasa yang datang ke poliklinik anak RS dr. M. Djamil Padangpada bulan Februari-November 2012. Semua sampel dilakukan pemeriksaan TST dan IFN-􀁊 kemudiandilakukan uji kesesuaian (kappa=K).Hasil. didapatkan 34 9 (26,5%) sampel memiliki TST positif dan 16 (47,1%) memiliki uji IFN-􀁊 positif.Didapatkan uji kesesuaian 38,2%(􀁎=0,27).Kesimpulan. Pemeriksaan uji IFN-􀁊 memiliki angka kesesuaian cukup dibandingkan TST sehingga belumperlu digunakan sebagai uji diagnostik infeksi TB pada anak tersangka TB.
Penilaian Aktivitas Penyakit Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik dengan Skor SLEDAI di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSCM
Authors: Saleh Anisah M. , Kurniati Nia , Syarif Badriul Hegar
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Keberhasilan tata laksana penyakit lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) memerlukanpemantauan tertentu. Skor systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) adalah alat ukuryang dapat digunakan untuk tata laksana sehari-hari. Saat ini belum ada data mengenai pemantauan aktivitaspenyakit LES anak menggunakan skor SLEDAI dengan rentang waktu tertentu.Tujuan. Memantau aktivitas penyakit LES anak dengan skor SLEDAI setiap 3 bulan selama satu tahunpengamatan.Metode. Studi deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik dari 01 Juli 2005 sampai dengan31 Juli 2013.Hasil. Tigapuluh rekam medik memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Manifestasi awal tersering berdasarkan skorSLEDAI adalah artritis, rash, demam, peningkatan dsDNA, dan komplemen darah rendah. Perubahan skorSLEDAI terutama terlihat pada pengamatan antara bulan ke-0 dengan bulan ke-3. Pada awal pengamatan,mayoritas pasien termasuk high activity, tetapi pada akhir pengamatan menjadi no activity.Kesimpulan. Penilaian skor SLEDAI setiap 3 bulan dapat digunakan untuk memantau aktivitas penyakitLES anak.
Validitas Skoring Hematologi Rodwell Untuk Deteksi Dini Sepsis Neonatorum Awitan Dini
Authors: Iskandar Tena Rosmiati , Dalimoenthe Nadjwa Zamalek , Yuniaty Tetty , Turbawaty Dewi Kartika
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Sepsis neonatorum awitan dini adalah sindrom klinis dengan gejala infeksi sistemik yangmerupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian pada neonatus. Diagnosis sepsis neonatorum seringkalisulit karena gejala klinisnya tidak khas. Pemeriksaan biakan darah sebagai baku emas, memerlukan waktu48-72 jam. Sistem skoring hematologi (SSH) Rodwell dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu deteksi dinisepsis neonatorum awitan dini.Tujuan. Menentukan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas SSH Rodwell dalam mendeteksi sepsis neonatorumawitan dini.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang dilakukan di RSUP dr. Hasan SadikinBandung antara bulan September sampai November 2013. Subjek penelitian adalah neonatus berumurkurang atau sama dengan 5 hari dengan faktor risiko sepsis neonatorum.Hasil. Pada neonatus ditemukan hasil biakan darah positif 45 (40,9%) subjek. Sistem skoring hematologiRodwell memiliki sensitivitas 100% dan spesifisitas 66% untuk mendeteksi sepsis neonatorum awitandini.Kesimpulan. Pemeriksaan SSH Rodwell memiliki nilai sensitivitas tinggi dan nilai spesifisitas sedang dalammenegakkan diagnosis sepsis neonatorum awitan dini.