bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rhopalurus junceus scorpion venom induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death in human non-small lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Díaz-García Alexis , Garrido Ángel , Ruiz-Fuentes Jenny Laura , Hermosilla Tamara , Varela Diego
Published: February 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) represent the primary cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Rhopalurus junceus venom has been shown to exert cytotoxic effects against a panel of epithelial cancer cells in vitro and suggested that NSCLC was the subtype most susceptible to the treatment. Methods: This study evaluated the effect of Rhopalurus junceus scorpion venom on cell viability, in non-cancerous (MRC-5, lung; CHO-K1, ovary) and NSCLC (A549; NCI-H460) cell lines. The effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell signaling-related proteins were determined by flow cytometry and WB. Protein fractions responsible for the observed effect were identified using HPLC. Results: Scorpion venom was more effective against NSCLC than non-cancerous cells. Emax values were 20.0 ± 5.8% and 22.47 ± 6.02% in A549 and NCI-H460 cancer cells, respectively, as compared to 50 ± 8.1% in MRC-5 and 54.99 ± 7.39% in CHO-K1 cells. It arrested NSCLC cells in the G2/M phase, while non-cancerous cells were arrested in the S (MRC-5) or G0/G1 (CHO-K1) phases. No changes were observed in the Bax/Bcl-2 or the cleaved-caspase 3/Total caspase 3 ratios in cells treated with venom. Likewise, the scorpion venom treatment did not affect p-ERK, p-AKT, or p-38MAPK protein levels. In contrast, scorpion venom treatment increased the cytosolic apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in A549 cells, indicating caspase-independent apoptosis. Additionally, combined etoposide/venom exposure provoked G2/M arrest and apoptosis in NSCLC more strongly than either substance alone. Furthermore, upon crude venom fractioning through RP-HPLC, we found two soluble fractions with high cytotoxic effects. Conclusion: The present study concludes that a specific fraction of Rhopalurus junceus venom reduces cell viability of NSCLC cells. The AIF protein plays a key role in mediating caspase-independent apoptotic cell death. These findings suggest that Rhopalurus junceus venom enhances the anticancer effect of etoposide in vitro by causing cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis.
Climatized packing house with evaporative coolers - Part 2: Geostatistical mapping
Authors: Miranda Isadora B. , Santos Ítalo E. dos A. , Amorim Magno do N. , Turco Silvia H. N. , Lins Ana C. de S. S.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT The acclimatization of packing houses is essential for human well-being, and, as it is a production environment, it is desirable that environmental variables are homogeneous. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the environment in the selection and packaging area of a climate-controlled grape packing house with an evaporative cooling system, characterizing the spatial thermal variability and identifying critical control points. The climatic variables temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were analyzed, at 10:00, 13:00 and 15:00 h during the dry and rainy seasons. Two treatments were evaluated: with evaporative coolers switched on and switched off. The spatial distribution of the variables was mapped by kriging. The evaporative cooling system improved the thermal conditions in the selection and packaging area of the packing house but did not ensure homogenization. Critical points were identified at the beginning of the processing line, in a region further away from the coolers. The use of geostatistics and kriging maps made it possible to identify the spatial variability of climatic attributes and localize problematic regions, which allowed targeted corrections to be made to the factors that compromise human thermal comfort.
Reflexões após 3 anos: relatando o desabrochar de reumatologistas através de atividades profissionais confiabilizadoras.
Authors: Chakr Rafael Mendonça da Silva , Kohem elaboração do manuscrito Charles Lubianca , Brenol Claiton Viegas , Xavier Ricardo Machado , Monticielo Odirlei André
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Introdução: As 14 atividades profissionais confiabilizadoras (entrustable professional activities -EPA) aprovadas pelo American College of Rheumatology (ACR) foram desenvolvidas para serem “o conjunto abrangente de tarefas ou responsabilidades que qualquer reumatologista deve ser capaz de executar”. Nosso objetivo foi apresentar e discutir a experiência de três anos de avaliação regular de residentes de reumatologia pelas EPA aprovadas pelo ACR. Relato de experiência: Nessa série de casos, todos os residentes de reumatologia do primeiro e do segundo ano foram avaliados a cada mês de maio e novembro (a residência começa em março) por meio de formulários anônimos on-line. Para a avaliação por EPA, os preceptores escolheram um de cinco níveis de confiabilidade. A prática não supervisionada foi definida como níveis 4 (“Tive que fornecer orientação menor”) e 5 (“Não precisei fornecer orientação para um cuidado seguro e independente”) combinados. Os relatórios individuais foram discutidos pelo supervisor do programa em reuniões de feedback separadas. Entre 2021 e 2023, analisaram-se 276 relatórios de 11 residentes avaliados por dez preceptores. O número de EPA com mais de 90% de classificação de prática não supervisionada nos semestres 1, 2, 3 e 4 foi, respectivamente, 1, 0, 2 e 11. A progressão geral foi estatisticamente significativa para 13 EPA e maior entre os semestres 2 e 3. Reuniões de feedback com uma agenda para os residentes e para o supervisor do programa contribuíram para o aprimoramento individual e a qualificação da formação. Discussão: A implementação de EPA na residência de reumatologia foi uma oportunidade para aumentar os feedbacks e qualificar o programa. A autonomia dos residentes era praticamente inexistente antes da última avaliação. Embora seja um valioso instrumento formativo na residência, a avaliação baseada em EPA necessita de uma discussão cuidadosa antes da adoção de pontos de corte para fins somativos. Conclusão: A avaliação de residentes de reumatologia pelas EPA aprovadas pelo ACR estabelece uma cultura de feedback regular, proporcionando oportunidade para a melhoria dos pós-graduandos e para a qualificação do programa. A prática não supervisionada foi conseguida majoritariamente no final da formação, e um maior incremento coincidiu com a mudança de ano de treinamento.
O enfermeiro em uma clínica interdisciplinar em dor: experiência de um projeto de extensão universitária
Authors: Hortense Priscilla , Grossi Manoela Gomes , Pinto Mônica Jordão de Souza , Prediger Karina Marques , Xavier Priscila Calegaro , Deliberali Victória Fernandes
Published: February 2025

Resumo Objetivo relatar a experiência de estudantes e docentes em um projeto de extensão universitária de um centro de referência interdisciplinar em dor. Método relato de experiência realizado no Centro de Referência no Atendimento Interdisciplinar em Dor: Clínica da Dor da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, composto por docentes, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação lato e stricto sensu, com apresentação dos fluxos de admissão e de atendimento e do funcionamento da clínica. Resultados as atividades realizadas pelos estudantes e docentes foram divididas em três eixos: A enfermagem inserida na equipe interdisciplinar; A enfermagem nos atendimentos da clínica da dor; Discussão de caso e planejamento da assistência de enfermagem. O primeiro eixo descreve como está composta a equipe de enfermagem e como se insere na equipe interdisciplinar. No segundo eixo são apresentadas as ações realizadas em conjunto com a equipe interdisciplinar, além daquelas específicas de enfermagem; no terceiro, relata-se a dinâmica de reuniões para o planejamento da assistência de enfermagem. Conclusões e implicações para a prática docentes e estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação em enfermagem desempenham papel fundamental na equipe interdisciplinar. Esse relato possibilita reflexões sobre o papel do enfermeiro no cuidado ao indivíduo com dor crônica em clínicas interdisciplinares de dor.
Proposition for Path Loss Prediction Models with the Inclusion of Altitude Parameter and Optimization Through Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Jorge Júnior Evandro M. , Veiga Antônio C. P.
Published: February 2025

Abstract In this paper, it is presented a general optimization methodology for improving empirical models predicting Okumura-Hata, Cost-231, ECC-33, and Egli using Genetic and Differential Evolution Algorithms. The methodology was tested using georeferenced signal power samples from Uberlândia, Brazil, for a television channel operating at 569.142857 MHz. Each parameter of the model formulas was adjusted with a variable optimized by the algorithms. A significant innovation was the inclusion of an altitude parameter weighted by an optimized coefficient, which notably enhanced the prediction accuracy. The primary contribution of this work is the development of a set of analytical equations derived from the proposed methodology, eliminating the need for computational power to estimate path loss for the evaluated models in the area in question. The performance of these equations was assessed using the Mean Squared Error (MSE) metric, demonstrating improvements of up to 92.03% over standard models, contingent on the empirical model and optimization algorithm applied.
Body Expiatório: método paranoico-crítico como prática de dança
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Barzagli , Roble Odilon José
Published: February 2025

Resumo: O presente artigo discute a referência ao método paranoico-crítico do pintor Salvador Dalí, notório pintor surrealista, para uma prática de dança contemporânea. Para isso, desenvolve uma aproximação aos nexos de inteligibilidade da Filosofia Trágica, sobretudo na solução psicanalítica. Mostra-se como os motivos inconscientes, captados através de acontecimentos percebidos no corpo, podem impulsionar a construção dramatúrgica em dança contemporânea a partir de um mito trágico, baseado no referido método, aqui com a elucidação do acontecimento defronte ao choro de Aquiles na Ilíada, obra de Homero.
The Line that Divides us: black theater racializing whiteness
Authors: Cunha Amanda
Published: February 2025

Abstract: A common factor among white people is the denial that they are racialized subjects, so that they use white fragility and innocence as strategies to protect and enjoy privilege and racial superiority. By the other hand, decolonial art is made up of a set of works that aim to separate the artistic production of non-Europeans and non-whites from a supposed position of inferiority based on coloniality. Thus, this research sought to understand how black theater, understood from this decolonial perspective, provides white Brazilian and Portuguese spectators with a racializing experience. The results allowed us to explore shared understandings about white identity, contributing to understanding the process of racialization of white spectators.
Ailton Krenak, pessoa-poesia em performance
Authors: Silva Míriam , Dravet Florence
Published: February 2025

Resumo: Objetiva-se aqui fazer uma leitura do movimento entre mundos de Krenak a partir da observação de sua performance nas mídias e espaços institucionais, a exemplo de seu ingresso na Academia Brasileira de Letras. Por meio do ensaio e da noção de pessoa-poesia, utiliza-se a metodologia antropofágica, com a leitura crítica e compreensiva de sua obra na relação com outros referenciais. Foi feito um movimento dialógico ao se pensar a pessoa-poesia a partir da filosofia de Krenak e, ao mesmo tempo, a expressão de sua filosofia e ação política. Conclui-se que a poesia em Krenak é uma condição ontológica, a própria vida que se manifesta no corpo, na palavra e na ação política e lhe permite desenvolver sua performance.
A literatura de cordel e a alegoria da origem:rasura e transfiguração
Authors: Melo André Magri Ribeiro de , Duarte Constância Lima , Galvão Ana Maria de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Resumo Neste artigo, analisamos estudos sobre a literatura de cordel publicados entre 1990 e 2020 para compreender o que tem sido dito sobre sua origem e explicar, com base em certas regularidades, como esses dizeres têm efeito sobre a própria constituição do objeto que tomam por referente. Além do critério cronológico, consideramos, na seleção dos trabalhos, o espaço de publicação e a autoria, privilegiando textos coletivos e individuais, de pesquisadores com experiência reconhecida publicamente no estudo do cordel, e veiculados em revistas eletrônicas indexadas, repositórios/catálogos de teses e dissertações on-line e livros. Podemos afirmar que não há consenso entre os estudiosos sobre a origem do cordel brasileiro. De modo geral, é possível divisar pelo menos três tendências no discurso crítico analisado: a vinculação historicista dos folhetos nordestinos a tradições europeias, sobretudo o romanceiro ibérico, geralmente marcada pelas ideias de matriz, fonte, influência e dependência; a negação de vínculos entre os folhetos nordestinos e produções semelhantes em Portugal e outros países, além da reivindicação de uma identidade autônoma para os impressos locais; e o abandono da noção de origem e afins em detrimento de outras, como circularidade cultural, entrecruzamento e hibridismo.
A representação feminina na literatura juvenil contemporânea: voz e protagonismo em A mocinha do Mercado Central
Authors: Moraes Angelita Cristina de , Brandileone Ana Paula Franco Nobile
Published: February 2025

Resumo O presente artigo teve como objetivo apresentar uma análise do romance A mocinha do Mercado Central, de Stella Maris Rezende (2011), que, voltado ao público juvenil, tem a potencialidade de oportunizar que temas contemporâneos, integrantes da vida social dos alunos, possam ser explorados no ambiente escolar, colaborando para a sua formação integral. Destacam-se, por exemplo, questões relacionadas à representação feminina, as quais podem incitar os alunos a (re)pensar discursos e figurações estereotipadas em relação ao gênero feminino. Para tanto, consideraram-se os documentos norteadores da educação básica brasileira, entre eles a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (Brasil, 2017) e o Referencial Curricular do Paraná (Paraná, 2018), que indicam a necessidade de inserir no âmbito escolar temáticas contemporâneas; estudiosas (Schmidt, 1995; Dalcastagnè, 2005; Zolin, 2015) que apontam para a invisibilidade da mulher na produção literária brasileira; bem como Candido (1972; 1995), que mostra a relevância da literatura para a formação humana. Como processo para a educação literária via leitura na escola, concluiu-se que a obra de Stella Maris Rezende (2011) pode contribuir para que o jovem leitor vivencie e compreenda o texto literário como potencial educativo, de conhecimento do mundo e do ser e fonte de humanização.
Efeito do mascaramento modulado em medidas eletrofisiológicas e comportamentais
Authors: Rocha Mônyka Ferreira Borges , Advíncula Karina Paes , Duarte Danielle Samara Bandeira , Menezes Pedro de Lemos
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o Benefício do Mascaramento Modulado (BMM) em medidas eletrofisiológicas e comportamentais em indivíduos jovens e adultos normouvintes. Método Estudo analítico observacional e transversal, com amostra final da pesquisa composta por 40 participantes, sendo 20 indivíduos de 18 a 30 anos (jovens-adultos) e 20 indivíduos de 31 a 50 anos (adultos), para realização de avaliação comportamental (Teste de reconhecimento de sentença na presença de ruído estável e modulado) e eletrofisiológica (Potencial Evocado Auditivo Cortical) para investigação do BMM. Os resultados foram analisados através do Test-t pareado e ANOVA para medidas repetidas, seguido pelo teste post-hoc de Bonferroni (p-valor <0,05). Resultados Foi identificada uma menor interferência do ruído modulado nas medidas de latência e amplitude dos componentes corticais, gerando uma redução significativa na latência de P1 e aumento da amplitude de P2 em ambos os grupos de participantes. O ruído estável gerou limiares eletrofisiológicos e comportamentais mais elevados comparado ao ruído modulado. Uma maior magnitude do BMM foi observada no grupo jovem-adulto. Conclusão Identificou-se em ambos os grupos de participantes uma menor interferência do ruído modulado no tempo de codificação da resposta auditiva neural e no processo de discriminação neural da fala. Além disso, os limiares comportamentais e eletrofisiológicos foram tipicamente mais elevados diante do ruído estável quando comparado ao ruído modulado, apontando para uma correspondência da medida do BMM entre os domínios da audição. A magnitude do BMM superior no grupo de jovens-adultos, especialmente no domínio eletrofisiológico, sugere uma maior habilidade de resolução temporal em indivíduos mais jovens.
Integrated hydrothermal evolution of a Botucatu paleodune and a blanketing lava flow from the Serra Geral Group, Uruguaiana
Authors: Hartmann Leo Afraneo , Leitzke Felipe Padilha , Michelin Cassiana Roberta Lizzoni , Johner Melissa , Lana Cristiano de Carvalho
Published: February 2025

Abstract The integrated hydrothermal evolution of the large Santa Otília Paleodune from the Botucatu paleoerg and the cover Catalán Flow from the Serra Geral Group is here evaluated in Uruguaiana, southern Paraná Basin. Methods included satellite images, field surveying, petrography, and U-Pb geochronology of detrital and volcanic zircon. The tops of the compound linear-barchan paleodunes are exposed in the topographic highs. Rhombi and bowls at the top of the silicified sandstone units are significant, as is the poor preservation of eolian layering. The fishbone-shaped dune tops are surrounded by the lavas. The oxidized top of the flow (upper Tier 2) overlies the reduced base (Tier 1), which consists of exposed, massive rocks in creek beds that are light gray-colored and contain small (10 cm) agate geodes and numerous silicified sandstone dikes. The youngest dated zircon grains from the sandstone are 225–300 Ma old (one 175 Ma age), and the main older age peaks are 450–600 Ma (predominant), 900–975 Ma, 1800–1900 Ma, and 2500 Ma; few Archean 2.5 Ga ages. The strongly altered volcanic zircon preserved in the reddened Catalán Flow yields a concordia-intercept age of 137.3 ±7.6 Ma. Complex processes are thus constrained in the evolution of the Botucatu Formation and the first Serra Geral lava flow.
Differences in lobed gland structure and distribution in terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea)
Authors: Chipanovska Natasha , Župunski Vera , Vittori Miloš
Published: February 2025

Abstract Lobed tegumental glands are found only in terrestrial isopods and are thought to have evolved in response to challenges associated with life on land. By examining 30 terrestrial isopod species, we aimed to determine the factors that influence the structure and distribution of the lobed glands. We discovered that lobed glands are found not only in the lateral plates and the uropods but also in the cephalothorax, the antennae, the tergites, and the pereopods of some species. The structure of the lobed glands is influenced by the phylogenetic position of an isopod. Namely, species of Diplocheta, Microcheta, and Synocheta have only one nucleus in the secretory cell, while two nuclei occur in the secretory cells of Crinocheta. By contrast, the distribution of the lobed glands in the body is influenced by the eco-morphotype of a species. Clingers and runners have numerous large lobed glands throughout the body. Creepers possess well-developed uropod glands, while lobed glands are absent or small and few in number in their pereon. Rollers have fewer lobed glands and some species apparently lack them. We also showed that several species possess several types of lobed glands. The correlation of lobed gland distribution with the eco-morphotype speaks in favor of the proposed defensive function of lobed glands.
CONSTRUCTION OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM scenes in URBAN BLOCKS
Authors: Liang Feng , Liu Yamei , Gu Meilong , Pan Yu , Wu Xiaofeng
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Responsible tourism requires responsible behavior on the part of tourism operators, governments, local residents, and tourists. Scene theory pertains to efforts to build beautiful natural and cultural environments, offering resources for stakeholders in urban blocks and enabling tourists and residents to have restorative environmental experiences that can improve their quality of life. Taking a sample of 53 urban cultural blocks in China, this study collected comments from tourists about the blocks for classification and organization, extracted keywords from tourist evaluation materials, and assessed market demand trends in different dimensions of scene theory. Based on the findings, we offer development suggestions that can help urban blocks create scenes that improve the areas in terms of legitimacy, authenticity, and theatricality. This scene theory-based approach can provide urban block managers with a responsible, sustainable strategic resource that fully considers the social and economic benefits of local development.
Adding a new piece to the puzzle of Cosmocercidae evolutionary relationships: genetic characterization of Aplectana pella parasitic in Osteocephalus cabrerai from Amazon Region
Authors: Neves Jorge Kevin Silva , Rebêlo Gabriel Lima , Félix Adriano José Silva , Gardner Scott Lyell , Maldonado Júnior Arnaldo , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Melo Francisco Tiago Vasconcelos
Published: February 2025

Abstract Aplectana comprises species of gastrointestinal helminths commonly found parasitizing amphibians and reptiles worldwide. However, most species of the genus are described based only on morphological traits. During helminthological surveys, we found nematodes identified as Aplectana pella parasitizing the hylid frog Osteocephalus cabrerai from the same locality as the original description. We provided the first nucleotide sequence of ribosomal gene 18S rDNA for Aplectana pella and established the species' phylogenetic position between representatives of Cosmocercidae. A pairwise genetic comparison between A. pella and its congeners revealed a low genetic divergence. We found that our sequences clustered with species of Cosmocerca, reinforcing the hypothesis that representatives of the genus Aplectana do not form a monophyletic group.
Non-destructive lab-scale monitoring of carbonation propagation in cementitious systems using the measurement of intrinsic electrical property
Authors: Babaahmadi Arezou , Tang Luping , Huang Liming , Iftikhar Sahar , Löfgren Ingemar
Published: February 2025

Monitoring carbonation in concrete is crucial for assessing the long-term durability of structures, particularly as sustainability efforts increasingly incorporate supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to reduce clinker content. While beneficial, SCMs alter the pore structure and pore solution chemistry, necessitating advanced methods to evaluate carbonation progression. Traditional techniques, such as splitting specimens and using pH indicators like phenolphthalein to detect changes in alkalinity, are destructive and primarily designed for ordinary Portland cement (OPC), limiting their effectiveness for SCM-incorporated systems. This paper presents the development of a novel lab-scale carbonation monitoring method based on conductivity measurements in the cementitious matrix. The proposed method examines how carbonation impacts the electrical conductivity of concrete, enabling in-situ monitoring of carbonation propagation in mortar specimens using mini-sensors embedded within the material. These mini-sensors consist of 10 sets of stainless steel 4-point Winner electrodes, spaced 2.54 mm apart, ensuring accurate conductivity measurements. By strategically placing these mini-sensors within the cementitious matrix, real-time measurements can be carried out, allowing for continuous monitoring of carbonation progression. The method provides new insights into how carbonation impacts the electrical properties of concrete, revealing dynamic changes such as a distinct peaking behavior in conductivity at the reactive carbonation front. This feature enables identification of partial carbonation front, which traditional colorimetric methods cannot detect. The results validate the method's effectiveness for OPC system and indicate its applicability when SCMs are incorporated.
Discursos sobre la paz y la reconciliación en Colombia (1861-1864). La búsqueda del sosiego público
Authors: Alcántara Herrán Pedro , López José Hilario , Pinzón Cerbeleón , López Lopera Liliana María ,   Universidad EAFIT, Cardona Zuluaga Alba Patricia ,   Universidad EAFIT, Alonso Espinal Manuel Alberto ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: February 2025

Los tres discursos que componen esta obra se profieren en el contexto de la guerra civil ocurrida en la Confederación Granadina entre 1859 y 1862, también denominada Guerra por las Soberanías. Fueron escritos por los dirigentes Pedro Alcántara Herrán, José Hilario López y Cerbeleón Pinzón, quienes promulgaron sus ideales de paz y de reconciliación, la defensa de principios de justicia restaurativa y el reconocimiento político de los rebeldes, valores presentes desde los mismos inicios de la vida republicana, pero poco estudiados en nuestra historia política reciente, y que se contraponen a las ideas punitivas y vengativas que se acogen con gran fuerza en nuestros tiempos. El libro contiene textos introductorios y notas al pie que tienen como propósito facilitar la comprensión, establecer vínculos entre los discursos y las más sensibles discusiones contemporáneas sobre la justicia, así como destacar la preeminencia intelectual de estos tres líderes para encontrar soluciones a las confrontaciones domésticas.
Nissl Staining with Thionin v1
Authors: Larson Tracy
Published: February 2025

A "Nissl stain with thionin" is a histological technique used to visualize the cell bodies of neurons in tissue sections, where the primary dye, thionin, binds to the negatively charged components of Nissl bodies (clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum) within the neuronal cytoplasm. This selective staining allows for clear identification of neurons and their distribution within the tissue. The method is particularly useful for studying neuronal morphology, cell density, and the cytoarchitecture of various brain regions. During the staining process, tissue sections are exposed to a thionin solution, which stains the Nissl bodies, and the excess stain is often removed through a differentiating solution to enhance contrast. Under the microscope, neurons appear as distinct blue or purple structures, making it easy to distinguish them from non-neuronal tissue.
5-ethynyl uridine labeling of nascent mitochondrial genome transcription v1
Authors: Waingankar Tejashree , C Lewis Samantha
Published: February 2025

This protocol details a method for 5-ethynyl uridine labeling of nascent mitochondrial genome transcription coupled with immunofluorescence detection of mtDNA-binding proteins in cultured cells. The result is a fluorescent readout of localized mitochondrial gene transcription compatible with high-resolution microscopy.
Oral exposures for the assessment of GI function in mice v1
Authors: White Alexandria
Published: February 2025

This protocol is intended for the oral or intragastric administration of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin followed by a mixed-meal nutrient stimulus for the assessment of gastrointestinal function after toxicant exposure in mice. The toxicant, vehicle, dose, or dose volume can be adjusted as needed.
Functional assays via live‒cell imaging v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Functional assays via live‒cell imaging
NAD consumption assay v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

NAD consumption assay
Protocol for Gibson Assembly (PrimeStar + In-Fusion) v1
Authors: Lopez Carolina
Published: February 2025

Procedure for cloning using Gibson Assembly using PrimeStar and In-Fusion kits
Western Blot protocol v1
Authors: Lopez Carolina
Published: February 2025

General Western Blot Protocol
Single-cell transcriptome library preparation v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Single-cell transcriptome library preparation
An Optimized Porcine Corneal Ex Vivo Model Using Plumbing Rings and Medical Adhesive for Controlled Localized Infection with Topical Treatments v1
Authors: Foulkes Daniel , Mclean Keri , Sharma Tarunima , Fernig David , Kaye Stephen
Published: February 2025

Infection models are essential tools for understanding host-pathogen interactions and developing noveltherapies. Ex vivo infection models offer significant ethical and practical advantages, enabling more accurate and physiologically relevant insights compared to traditional cell culture systems. The versatility of porcine corneal ex vivo models has made them valuable for studying a range ofpathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida albicans, Acanthamoeba, and viruses such as Herpes Simplex and adenovirus. Here, we present anoptimized ex vivo protocol that addresses several limitations, using plumbing rings and medical adhesive to enhance experimental accuracy and reproducibility. The application of a 10 mm plumbing ring to the centre of the cornea allows localized inoculation, preventing the "run-off" of topically added aqueous solutions and ensuring that pathogens remain confined to the site of infection. Additionally, this setup enables precise maintenance of therapeutic agents on the corneal surface, allowing for more reliable assessments of antimicrobial effects. For analysis, we describe methods for colony-forming unit (CFU) quantification within the cornea, evaluation of corneal opacity, and histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin staining to assess infection progression over 48 hours. This improved, accessible, and cost-effective ex vivo model provides a standardized platform for evaluating potential treatments, ultimately supporting clinical translation and reducing the burden of microbial keratitis.
Drug treatments v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Drug treatments
ALEXYS Neurotransmitter Analyzer for Monoamines and their Acidic Metabolites v1
Authors: White Alexandria
Published: February 2025

The ALEXYS Neurotransmitter Analyzer using UHPLC and electrochemical detection (ECD) has been applied for the analysis of neurotransmitters in microdialysis samples, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain tissue homogenates. HPLC and ECD settings are optimized for different target compounds with respect to selectivity and detection sensitivity. The system applies a DECADE Elite ECD with a SenCell, a powerful combination for the best possible detection limits. The AS110 autosampler facilitates micro volume sample handling (few microliters), in a dedicated injection method. Detection limits are in the range of 0.1 - 0.5 fmol on column (below 100 pmol/L in less than 10 μL sample) and repeatability is better than 2% RSD for most components.
Modified Promega Wizard Extraction for Barcoding Macrofungi v2
Authors: Douglas Russell Stephen
Published: February 2025

This protocol is best used when preparing macrofungal specimens for Sanger sequencing or as a secondary extraction protocol for ONT nanopore barcoding. We also utilize it as a primary extraction protocol for working with older museum collections of macrofungi. The quality of a DNA extraction method is a primary limiting factor in the total number of samples that will return a result with nanopore barcoding of fungi. The "quick" extraction protocol will often yield a positive result for 80-85% of general fungal collections (less if biased with polypores and recalcitrant species). Utilizing this extraction protocol pushes that number to nearly 100%. It is more time consuming and utilizes more expensive chemicals, but may be worth considering for important specimens that fail with the quick extraction protocol.
RIGI ATPase Assay v1
Authors: Lopez Carolina
Published: February 2025

Protocol for in vitro testing of RIG-I ATPase activity
Нейроиммунопатология: руководство
Authors: Крыжановский Г.Н. , Магаева С.В. , Макаров С.В. , Сепиашвили Р.И.
Published: February 2025

Интеграция функции нервной, иммунной и эндокринной систем в единую нейроэндокриноиммунную систему (НЭИС) происходит благодаря их взаимной регуляции. Вместе с тем сложное функционирование НЭИС чревато возможностью дизрегуляционных взаимодействий, которые могут начинаться нарушением деятельности каждой из систем. При срыве компенсаторных механизмов под влиянием патогенных факторов происходит дезинтеграция НЭИС и возникает патология составляющих ее систем.
Настоящая монография посвящена проблемам нейроиммунопатологии, которая включает сочетанную патологию нервной и иммунной систем и выражается в формировании иммунодефицитных состояний, развитии патологических процессов в ЦНС, связанных с патогенным воздействием нейроантител и цитокинов.
Ключевыми проблемами изучения нейроиммунопатологии являются: установление механизмов нарушения нейрорегуляции функций иммунной системы и иммунной регуляции функций нервной системы на межсистемном, системном, клеточном и молекулярном уровнях; исследование значения нейроиммунных процессов в патогенезе неврологических заболеваний; анализ роли нервной дизрегуляции иммунной системы в механизмах иммунологических расстройств при различных нозологических формах патологии нервной системы; разработка коррекции нейродизрегуляционных иммунодефицитных состояний и нейроиммунных процессов.
Preoperative Onyx embolization of intracranial arteriovenous malformations: a single center early experience
Authors: Elsherbini M. M. , Nabeeh M. M. , Kassem M. A. , Ezz Eldin A. , Farouk M.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are considered one of the life-threatening pathologies which are challenging to manage. Endovascular embolization of intracranial AVMs is a line of management which developed over the past two decades to downgrade the lesion, a step is thought to make surgeries of more favorable outcome.

   Patients and methods. All patients who were diagnosed with brain AVM in Mansoura University Hospitals between January 2017 through December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and radiological outcome were studied, as well as surgeons’ satisfaction and procedural difficulties.

   Results. Nine patients met the criteria for multimodal management, seven of them were female, mean age of the group 36 years. Patients’ mRS remained unchanged after embolization sessions, one patient had an added neurological deficit in the form of increased severity of motor deficit after surgery, which was reversible during follow up period, mean follow up period is 103 days.

   Conclusion. Pre-operative embolization is a safe tool to be added to the muti-modal treatment of high grades cerebral AVM’s with good outcome and feasible surgical technique.
Acquired Chiari malformation type I (pseudo-Chiari malformation) and intracranial hypotension: Clinical observation and literature review
Authors: Goven’ko F. S. , Martynov B. V. , Grishchenkov A. S.
Published: February 2025

One of the complications of latent intracranial hypotension is a dystopia of the tonsils of the cerebellum, which can lead to an erroneous diagnosis of “Chiari malformation type 1”.

   The aim of the work is to pay attention to the symptoms, course and diagnosis of acquired (pseudomalformation) Chiari in intracranial hypotension syndrome.

   The work is based on clinical and neurological data and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord of a woman aged 28 years, obtained during dynamic observation over a number of years. At the acute onset of the disease with severe postural headache, minimal neurological symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a dynamic dystopia of the cerebellar tonsils from the plane of the large occipital foramen 15 mm below it and stable hydromyelia in the thoracic region, which inclined to the diagnosis of Chiari malformation type 1. However, flattening of the bridge, thickening of the dura mater, the tendency to rounding of the sagittal sinus, narrowing of subarachnoid spaces, basal cisterns, prolapse of the bottom of the 3rd ventricle into the prebridge cistern indicated the possibility of intracranial hypotension caused by latent liquorrhea, which was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging with intravenous administration of gadolinium containing contrast agent in the mode of a strongly weighted T2-three-dimensional image with inversion and weakening of fluid – revealed hidden liquorrhea at the cervical level. A diagnosis of Chiari pseudomalformation has been established, which excludes surgical intervention – decompression of the posterior cranial pit. When diagnosing Chiari malformation type 1 and detecting cerebellar tonsillar dystopia, it is always necessary to exclude Chiari pseudomalformation associated with other primary pathology, in particular, with latent cerebrospinal liquor, the consequence of which is intracranial hypotension, which has specific signs in magnetic resonance imaging, and requires a different therapeutic tactic.
Putiatary adenoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 2 (clinical observation and literature review)
Authors: Shkarubo A. N. , Trunin Yu. Yu. , Chernov I. V. , Kalinin P. L.
Published: February 2025

Combination of pituitary adenomas with meningiomas or vestibular schwannomas is a rare occurrence: in scientific literature, only individual cases or small case series are described. The article presents a rare clinical observation of a female patient who underwent surgery and radiotherapy due to hormonally inactive pituitary adenoma and neurofibromatosis type 2 (intracranial meningioma and neurinoma (schwannoma)) found during a follow-up exam. A combination of histologically different intracranial tumors (pituitary adenoma, meningioma, and neurinoma) is extremely rare and requires corresponding approaches to treatment.
Clinical case of multiple metachronous intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas in a patient with congenital heart disease
Authors: Glushaeva A. A. , Kislitsin D. S. , Shayakhmetov T. S. , Kilchukov M. G. , Kiselyov R. S. , Gorbatykh A. V.
Published: February 2025

Intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas are rare arteriovenous shunts inside the orbit without connection with the cavernous sinus. This article describes a clinical case of multiple metachronous intraorbital arteriovenous shunts in a patient with univentricular heart disease and secondary erythrocytosis. Transarterial embolization of the first shunt had a positive clinical effect for 2 months. The recurrence of symptoms was caused by the formation of a new shunt on the same draining vein, but in a place remote from the previous locus. Repeated embolization gave a positive effect for the same period. The next relapse had a more malignant course, up to dislocation of the eyeball. The right orbit decompression has given a stable positive clinical effect up to the present moment. Based on extremely limited literature data of such cases and our own experience, we concluded that an individual and multidisciplinary approach to such patients with careful postoperative follow-up is necessary.
Variety and results of the use of interventional oncoortopedic benefits for focal skeletal lesions
Authors: Shaposhnikov A. A. , Lazukin A. V. , Ukhvarkin A. P. , Dobrosotsky S. V. , Lagkueva I. D. , Teplyakov V. V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The use of systemic drugs of special drug therapy in oncology is one of the key methods of treating patients including those with bone metastases. However, this does not always allow to eliminate the pain syndrome and avoid complications in the form of pathological fractures. Bone metastases often leave in the arsenal of oncologists’ mainly palliative agents, the main purpose of which is to reduce pain and improve the quality of life of patients.

Aim. To analyze the results of minimally invasive interventions in the volume of percutaneous vertebroplasty, osteoplasty and radiofrequency thermoablation.

Materials and methods. From 2015 to 2023, 488 patients on the basis of the Russian Scientific Center of Radioradiology underwent 716 interventional surgeries: 585 (81.7 %) percutaneous vertebroplastics, 103 (14.4 %) osteoplastics, 21 (2.9 %) radiofrequency thermoablasias, 7 (1 %) combined operations (radiofrequency thermoablasty + osteoplasty/vertebroplasty). Metastatic lesion was observed in 449 patients, benign tumors – in 38 (in 31 – hemangioma, in 7 – osteoid osteoma), borderline neoplasm (giant cell tumor) – in 1. Results were assessed by comparing measures of pain intensity in dependence on analgesic agents (by the visual analog scale (VAS) and Watkins scale), as well as motor activity levels (by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)) and neurological deficits (by the Frankel scale) before surgery, at the time of discharge and 3 months after surgery.

Results. In patients with metastatic bone damage 3 months after surgery, a mean decrease in the intensity of pain syndrome according to VAS was noted from 5.8 to 3.2 points, on the Watkins scale - from 7.2 to 5.7 points; ECOG functional status increased from 2.5 to 1.5 points. In 67 % of patients with neurological deficiency (class D by the Frankel scale), an increase in neurological status (class E by the Frankel scale) was observed. In all patients treated for osteoid osteoma, pain relief and restoration of functional status (0 points by the VAS and ECOG scales) were noted by the 6th month of follow-up.

Conclusion. According to the data obtained, the high effectiveness of the analgesic effect of interventional methods in patients with metastatic bone damage was noted. The use of vertebro- and osteoplasty allows to stabilize the affected segment of the skeleton (improve functional status and motor activity), and radiofrequency thermoablation – to achieve radicality of treatment in patients with osteoid osteoma.
Role of radical surgical treatment in patients with soft tissue sarcomas invading bone
Authors: Petrochenko N. S. , Sokolovsky A. V. , Sokolovsky V. A. , Gribkova E. I. , Spirina O. G. , Fedorova A. V. , Valiev A. K.
Published: February 2025

To analyze the overall survival, mid-term, and long-term outcomes, as well as the complication structure in a group of patients after endoprosthetic replacement for soft tissue sarcomas infiltrating bone, the treatment results of 19 patients who underwent 24 primary and repeated surgeries from May 2004 to November 2021 were analyzed. The average follow-up period was 132.5 months. The average age at the time of endoprosthetic replacement was 47.7 ± 15.3 years. It was shown that the event-free survival of the operated patients after 3 years was 61.5 ± 11.5 %, after 5 years – 54.7 % ± 12.1 %, and remained at the same level after 10 years. The average time to tumor recurrence was 11 months, lung metastasis occurred at 96 months, and both recurrence and metastases were detected on average within 2 months. The overall survival of patients with soft tissue sarcomas through 3 years was 93.3 ± 6.4 %, through 5 years – 80.0 ± 10.3 %, and through 10 years – 65.5 ± 12.6 %. Across the entire group of respondents, disease progression was observed in 42.1 % of cases, tumor recurrence in 31.6 %; metastases (to the lungs) in 5.3 %; recurrence of the disease and metastases in 5.3 %. These data indicate that endoprosthetic replacement as a component of combined organ-preserving treatment for patients with soft tissue sarcomas infiltrating bone is an effective treatment method for improving the quality of life of patients, despite certain risks of disease recurrence, metastasis, and complications.
GEOPOLITICAL POSITIONING OF UKRAINE AND POLANDIN THE BALTIC – BLACK SEA REGION IN THE CONTEXTOF THEIR FOREIGN POLICY IDENTIFICATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, TSYRFA Iuliia , DOROSHKO Mykola ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

Background. The outline and detailed analysis of the geopolitical positioning of Ukraine and Poland in the Baltic – Black Sea Region in the context of foreign policy identification of the states as regional leaders and key ‘poles' of the geopolitical matrix of this space are important in the process of determining the degree of influence of these countries at the regional level, identifying the main points of intersection of their foreign policy interests and identities and determining their potential to establish bilateral and multilateral interactions at the current stage.

Methods. In the preparation of the study, the authors used the following methods: systemic approach, comparative method, structural and functional method, world–system analysis. The geopolitical aspect of the methodology is represented by the geopolitical analysis of security problems through foreign policy and geography, as well as the methods of analysis and assessment of the geopolitical situation.

Results. It was found that the geographical affiliation to the European subcontinent and the strategic importance of Ukraine's foreign policy development for building a new configuration of not only regional, but also global systems of international relations have secured its status as the main driving force of transformations of the geopolitical situation in Europe. Considerable attention to the ‘Ukrainian issue' in the context of Russia's full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine contributes to the realization of Poland's desire to establish its status of a geopolitical leader in the Baltic – Black Sea Region because Poland is one of the pioneers in providing assistance to the official Kyiv and acts as the latter's ‘international advocate'. Since the Baltic – Black Sea Region should not fall under control of any extra-regional actor, while establishing further practical mutually beneficial cooperation, Ukraine and Poland may realize that their common interests in confronting geopolitical challenges allow them to strengthen the significance of their geopolitical leadership in the Baltic – Black Sea Region in the context of their foreign policy identification.

Conclusions. Considering that Poland has acted as a transit territory for Western European influences in Ukraine for a long time, it is determined that close cooperation of the states as key ‘poles' of the geopolitical matrix of the Baltic – Black Sea Region will ensure the stability of this geopolitical area by establishing its interconnections with the wider geopolitical spaces not only in Europe, but also in the world as a whole.