bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los pueblos del agua. El INC en la provincia de Albacete
Authors: Molina Ballesteros Plácida
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to analyse the changes that took place in the cultural landscape of the province through the construction of the five villages promoted by the Instituto Nacional de Colonización (INC) of Albacete. The main point of our research is to value and disseminate the avant-garde experimentation in its mixture with the vernacular in this type of villages, and to analyse the different artistic disciplines that were involved in their construction.
Identification of the parameters of the quadratic model of the elastic anisotropic material
Authors: Нгуен Ши Тоан , Христич Дмитрий Викторович
Published: January 2022

Рассмотрена модель упругости второго порядка для ортотропного материала. Проведенный анализ показывает, что квадратичная часть предложенной модели содержит тринадцать упругих постоянных, из которых девять являются линейно независимыми. Параметры модели определены по данным экспериментов с композитными пластинами. Модель позволяет описывать наблюдаемые в экспериментах нелинейные зависимости между напряжениями и деформациями в процессах растяжения, сжатия и сдвига, а также разносопротивляемость анизотропных материалов.

A second-order elasticity model for an orthotropic material is considered. The analysis shows that the quadratic part of the proposed model contains thirteen elastic constants, nine of which are linearly independent. The parameters of the model are determined from the data of experiments with composite plates. The model allows one to describe experimentally observed nonlinear dependences of stresses and strains in the processes of tension, compression, and shear, as well as the difference in resistance of anisotropic materials.
Beşpare köyleri (Artvin-Türkiye) halk ilaçları
Authors: PALAŞOĞLU Bahar , EMİNAĞAOĞLU Özgür
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışma, 2017-2020 yılları arasında, Artvin ili merkez ilçesine bağlı Beşpare Köyleri olarak bilinen Seyitler, Vezirköy, Ahlat, Varlık ve Salkımlı köylerinde, halk tarafından tıbbi ve aromatik amaçla kullanılan bitki türlerinin yöresel isimleri ve kullanımlarının belirlenmesi, ayrıca bahçelerde yetiştirilen meyve potansiyellerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma alanı, 190-3000 m yükseltiler arasında, 7.000 hektar yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Fitocoğrafik açıdan Holarktik bölgenin, Avrupa-Sibirya flora alanının, Öksin kesiminin, Kolşik altkesiminde yer almaktadır. Araştırma alanında, 120 kişiye uygulanan anket sonucunda; 39 familyaya ait 75 bitki türünün yöre halkı tarafından tıbbi ve aromatik amaçlarla kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Anket sonuçları kullanılarak, bilgilendirici konsensüs (FIC-Factor informant consensus), geçerlilik düzeyi (FL-fidelity level) ve kullanım değeri (UV-use value) faktörü analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma alanında tıbbi ve aromatik amaçlarla kullanılan en fazla takson içeren familyalar sırasıyla; Rosaceae (8 takson), Asterecaeae (5 takson), Lamiaceae (4 takson), Apiaceae (4 takson)’dir.
La comptabilité publique locale à l’épreuve de la finance toxique
Authors: Ferlazzo Edoardo
Published: January 2022

La crise des emprunts toxiques de 2008 des collectivités locales françaises met en évidence la mise en dépendance de la dette locale à des produits financiers à risque. Une des causes invoquées pour expliquer la diffusion de ces produits dans les comptes publics locaux est le manque de normalisation comptable de la dette locale. La résolution de crise est ainsi un moment de réflexion pour produire une nouvelle instrumentation comptable chargée d’en éviter la récidive. L’article montre que les réformes comptables engagées sont assimilables à des outils d’éducation des acteurs publics locaux aux savoirs de la finance de marché et qui institutionnalisent une financiarisation de la gestion locale. Les normes comptables désormais appliquées s’inscrivent en ce sens, tout autant qu’elles solidifient, une gouvernementalité néolibérale de l’action et de la dette publiques locales.
De quoi un bébé a-t-il besoin pour s’épanouir ? Les différentes interprétations de l’hospitalisme, dans le contexte international, entre 1900 et 1945
Authors: Rowold Katharina
Published: January 2022

En 1945, le psychanalyste René Spitz a publié un article clé dans le lequel il suggérait que les bébés pris en charge dans des institutions souffraient souvent d’hospitalisme, et que par conséquent, ils ne pouvaient pas s’y épanouir. Selon Spitz, cette situation était due au fait que ces bébés étaient privés de « soins maternels, de stimulations maternelles et d’amour maternel ». L’intérêt des historiens pour la recherche sur la séparation et le développement du concept de privation maternelle s’est focalisé surtout sur les années 1940 et 1950. Le terme d’« hospitalisme » a cependant été inventé à la fin du XIX e siècle, et en 1945, la question de savoir si les bébés pouvaient oui ou non être pris en charge par les institutions avait été débattue pendant bien des décennies auparavant, dans une communauté internationale de pédiatres et psychologues du développement, qui fut rejointe plus tard par des psychanalystes. En passant outre les frontières nationales et en explorant les divers débats sur la nature, les causes et la prévention de l’« hospitalisme », ce travail tente de retracer l’évolution des différentes perceptions concernant l’impact de la vie en institution sur les bébés.
Le pouvoir dans l’ombre du Palais
Authors: Martigny Vincent
Published: January 2022

Si une figure à l’Élysée résume, à elle seule, la présidentialisation de la V e  République – hormis celle du chef de l’État –, c’est sans nul doute celle du secrétaire général de la présidence de la République. Méconnu du grand public, souvent confondu avec son homologue du gouvernement, il est le haut fonctionnaire le plus puissant de la République. À l’origine simple collaborateur de l’ombre, rouage indispensable et silencieux voulu par le général de Gaulle pour l’épauler, il a connu une ascension rapide, jusqu’à devenir le plus proche conseiller du président, aux missions aussi variées que déterminantes, symbole de l’hyperprésidentialisation du régime et de ses limites.
Persécution des juifs et espace urbain
Authors: Backouche Isabelle , Gensburger Sarah , Le Bourhis Eric
Published: January 2022

Les relations sociales entre juifs et non-juifs pendant la Shoah ont fait l’objet de nombreux travaux depuis vingt ans. Dans ces études, la figure des « voisins » est très présente sans être circonscrite d’un point de vue géographique. L’article construit les termes de « voisin » et de « voisinage » pour faire de ces catégories des outils de compréhension de la persécution. À partir d’une vaste enquête concernant les réaffectations de logements de familles juives à Paris pendant l’Occupation sous l’égide de la préfecture de la Seine, les auteurs observent au plus près les relations sociales des Parisiens avec leurs voisins juifs et les caractéristiques spatiales de leur trajectoire résidentielle.
La surdité face à la pandémie. Un silence qui nous interroge tous
Authors: Chirico’ Donata
Published: January 2022

L’histoire socio-culturelle de la surdité naît en France au milieu du XVIIIe siècle. Charles-Michel L’Épée – un prêtre inconnu auquel l’Assemblée Constituante accordera en 1791 le titre de bienfaiteur de l’humanité – fait la connaissance fortuite de deux sœurs sourdes. Étonnamment pour l’époque, elles communiquent par un langage visio-gestuel, habituellement très peu pratiqué par les sourds. Depuis toujours, être sourd signifiait être considéré « naturellement » inapte à toute activité linguistique et cognitive. Pourtant, L’Épée comprend que pour déconstruire ce préjugé il suffirait que les sourds accèdent à l’instruction par la vue. Sa rencontre inattendue lui avait démontré que ces derniers avaient « à portée de main » une langue qu’ils maîtrisaient spontanément et qui renversait ainsi tout ordre de discours les concernant. C’est exactement ce que L’Épée réalisa lorsqu’il décida de « mouler » le langage naturel des sourds pour qu’il devienne un système « méthodique » de signes et finalement une langue des signes. Dès lors, on assiste à un échange de pas qui depuis n’aura pas d’égale. Gagné le droit à leur propre parole, les sourds peuvent finalement se vivre comme citoyens. Toutefois, au XIXe siècle, l’histoire culturelle de la surdité a terriblement ralenti au point d’être complètement arrêtée un moment. Suite au célèbre Congrès de Milan du 1880, l’emploi de la langue des signes fut interdite dans les écoles pour sourds. En Italie comme ailleurs, il faudra plus d’un siècle avant que la langue des signes sorte de la clandestinité à laquelle cet événement l’avait contrainte. Par ailleurs, on est jamais vraiment sorti de l’« audisme » dont le Congrès de Milan fut et est l’expression la plus explicite et définie. Des traces subsistent à tous les niveaux de la vie sociale et culturelle, notamment des politiques relatives à l’instruction et à l’information. Celle de la période de la pandémie de Covid-19 n’a pas fait de différence.
Le Programme de Mobilisation pour favoriser l’Accès aux Soins (PMAS) : synergies et oppositions dans le traitement de l’addiction en prison. Une analyse stratégique d’un dispositif singulier
Authors: Voisin-Moncho Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Cet article propose une analyse stratégique de l’organisation d’un programme spécifique de prise en charge de l’addiction de la maison d’arrêt de Lyon Corbas : le Programme de Mobilisation pour favoriser l’Accès aux Soins (PMAS). Il aborde la manière dont ce dispositif se déploie dans un environnement issu de la rencontre entre cette prison et l’hôpital psychiatrique du Vinatier. C’est dans cet environnement que doivent se faire l’interaction et l’hybridation de professionnels aux cultures et intérêts multiples, à savoir celles des intervenants du programme et de son équipe encadrante, pour le bon fonctionnement du PMAS. Le prisme d’analyse de Michel Crozier et Erhard Friedberg permet d’éclairer l’origine et les effets des dynamiques à l’œuvre et de comprendre pourquoi, en dépit du gain d’ampleur de ce programme dans cette prison, celui-ci ne s’exporte pas dans d’autres établissements.
Lutte contre la radicalisation des familles : la tentation sécuritaire du dispositif de protection de l’enfance
Authors: Clariana Lionel
Published: January 2022

À un niveau interinstitutionnel, prévenir ou traiter la radicalisation islamiste violente des familles passe par l’association régulière du dispositif de protection de l’enfance à celui de répression. Conçus au départ pour traiter dans une perspective émancipatrice les situations de risque ou de danger pour un mineur, les outils « protection » peinent aujourd’hui à s’adapter aux spécificités de contrôle et de normalisation d’individus catégorisés à partir de leur pratique cultuelle, fût elle déviante, délinquante ou criminelle. Pour remédier à cette difficulté, depuis 2014 et la lutte contre la « radicalisation », le législateur ne cesse d’adapter les mesures éducatives de protection à l’exceptionnalité des événements. Ce faisant, il opère un glissement des compétences des conseils départementaux, jusqu’alors chef de file en la matière, vers les services de l’État (PJJ, ARS, Éducation nationale). Il détourne ainsi les procédures de leur finalité première et assouplit à l’extrême le cadre des interventions pour les mettre au service exclusif du traitement de l’enfant dangereux avec sa famille. Avec la « radicalisation », on assiste donc à une construction politico juridique strictement sécuritaire du champ de la protection en direction d’un public cible, moins soucieuse dans sa conception de l’intérêt et des besoins des individus que de la préservation d’un certain ordre social et public.
Les responsables de résidences très sociales : des professionnels tiraillés entre différents cadres d’appréhension de la réalité
Authors: Marchal Hervé
Published: January 2022

Cet article porte sur les responsables de résidences très sociales, entendons des responsables de structures locatives destinées à des individus et familles très modestes qui ne sont pas intégrés dans le logement social « traditionnel ». Le propos souligne les tensions relatives au métier en dégageant plus précisément divers formats et cadres d’appréhension de la réalité dans lesquels les agents de terrain ici concernés sont engagés d’une façon ou d’une autre. Ce faisant, il s’agit d’identifier diverses formes de contrôle (gestionnaire, discrétionnaire, sécuritaire…) qui ponctuent les journées de professionnels à la fois proches et éloignés aussi bien de « leurs » résidents que de leur institution d’appartenance ; d’où des logiques de singularisation et d’encastrement biographique destinées à faire face aux contingences et autres urgences quotidiennes.
Weight Bearing as Tolerated After Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes
Authors: Deliberato David , Myers Devon M. , Schnee Benjamin , Taylor Benjamin C. , Passias Braden J. , Smith Austen , Reddy Hemant , DeGenova Daniel
Published: January 2022

Intramedullary nailing of femur fractures has become the standard of care, with high union rates. Few high-level studies have discussed the effect that early weight bearing has on the healing of these fractures, regardless of nail size or fracture pattern. The goal of this study was to determine the clinical and radiographic outcomes of femoral shaft fractures for patients allowed immediate weight bearing after intramedullary nailing. We performed a retrospective review of 341 femoral shaft fractures, with 131 allowed immediate weight bearing, 99 allowed partial weight bearing, and 111 kept non-weight bearing. Demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were collected and analyzed. Increased fracture complexity was associated with higher likelihood of delayed weight bearing. No significant difference was found for nail size or rate of failure with different nail sizes. A total of 50 nonunions were noted (14.7%), with no difference in nonunion rates between weight bearing cohorts. The only significant predictor of nonunion was Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) classification of OTA32B fractures (
P
=.02), which were 2 times and 4 times as likely to occur compared with OTA32A and OTA32C fractures, respectively. Failure of interlocking screws occurred among 15 patients (4.4%) and was more common with older patients, osteoporotic bone, and larger diameter nails. In summary, unilateral intramedullary nailing of adult femoral shaft fractures does not show a difference in fracture union rates or implant failure with unrestricted, immediate weight bearing, regardless of nail characteristics. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(3):e148–e153.]
The studies on Chinese traditional culture and corporate environmental responsibility: literature review and its implications
Authors: Huang Shan ,   Faculty of Languages and Communication, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Perak Darul Ridzuan, 35900, Malaysia, Huat Khor Teik , Zhou Zifei ,   Business School, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, 421000, China
Published: January 2022

There is a certain correlation between Chinese traditional culture and Chinese enterprises' performance of environmental responsibility, but there is little literature on the relationship between them from an empirical perspective. This paper combs and evaluates the relevant literature from three aspects: the evaluation of the economic and social effects of Chinese traditional culture, the influencing factors of corporate environmental responsibility, and the measurement of culture. Based on the literature review, this paper puts forward the following research enlightenment, that is, future empirical research should be carried out from the perspective of the intensity, effect, and heterogeneity of the impact of Chinese traditional culture on enterprises' fulfillment of environmental responsibility, as well as the moderating factors of the relationship between them.
Individual and Occupational Factors Associated With Low Back Pain: The First-ever Occupational Health Study Among Bangladeshi Online Professionals
Authors: Hossian Mosharop , Nabi Mohammad Hayatun , Hossain Ahmed , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain , Kakoly Nadira Sultana
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Low back pain (LBP) is a common chronic condition among sedentary workers that causes long-term productivity loss. This study aimed to identify the relationships of individual and occupational factors with LBP among Bangladeshi online professionals.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 468 full-time online professionals who usually worked in a sitting position. One-month LBP complaints were assessed using a musculoskeletal subscale of subjective health complaints. The chi-square test was used to measure associations between categorical predictors and LBP, and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the variables significantly associated with LBP.Results: LBP within the last month was reported by 65.6% of participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age >30 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23 to 0.70) and being married (aOR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.97) had significant negative associations with LBP. Significant positive associations were found for spending >50 hours weekly on average working in a sitting position (aOR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.49), being overweight and obese (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.99), sleeping on a soft mattress (aOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.80), and ex-smoking status (aOR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.41 to 7.87).Conclusions: A high prevalence of LBP was found among full-time online professionals. Long working hours in a sitting position showed a significant association with developing LBP. Smoking history, body mass index, and sleeping arrangements should also be considered while considering solutions for LBP prevalence among online professionals.
“In the name of harmony.” The imaginary of whiteness in the field of contemporary dance
Authors: Debonneville Julien
Published: January 2022

Cet article interroge la construction sociale des corps au prisme d’un imaginaire de la blanchité et des processus de racialisation dans le champ transnational de la danse contemporaine afin de comprendre comment les corps deviennent marqués par la différence raciale lors des auditions et du travail de création. Fondé sur une enquête sociologique qualitative avec des danseurs et danseuses et des chorégraphes circulant dans ce champ, il expose dans un premier temps comment la blanchité représente une norme hégémonique fortement invisibilisée dont les effets performatifs participent à produire des corps altérisés. Nous verrons par la suite comment les danseur·euse·s et les chorégraphes marqué·e·s par cette différence se réapproprient et revalorisent cette dernière à travers des pratiques de création. L’enquête soulignera dès lors comment ces dernier·ère·s peuvent subvertir ces assignations par l’intermédiaire de registres chorégraphiques et d’esthétiques des corps pensés autour de l’idée de créolisation et d’hybridité.
Du cirque pour tous les publics ? Représentations et enjeux de programmation dans le cadre d’une Capitale européenne de la culture
Authors: Cordier Marine , Spinelli Céline , Salaméro Émilie , Sizorn Magali
Published: January 2022

Focusing on the case of Marseille-Provence 2013, European Capital of Culture, this article investigates the importance placed on the audience in the scheduling of circus events. Based on a field study combining interviews, observations, and documentary analysis, its central theme is cultural actors’ representations of the circus and circus audiences, and the ways in which these actors justify the scheduling of events. A study of the speech of circus professionals shows that, while sharing an idealized vision that circus attracts a wide audience, they draw on references to this “popular art” strategically to give substance to an event that is intended to be fun and to bring people together. Contemporary circus is thus seen as a means of broadening the audience, which takes various forms depending on the context. While the real impact in terms of social diversification of audiences remains difficult to assess, high attendance at the event has made the existence of a contemporary circus audience visible at the local level.
Poésie et langue des signes. Traduire sans trahir
Authors: Blondel Marion , Catteau Fanny
Published: January 2022

Traduire la poésie en langue(s) des signes implique le passage entre deux modalités (audio-vocale/visuo-gestuelle) dans un registre singulier, et s’effectue dans un contexte sociolinguistique particulier : celui de la surdité. Cet article présente les enjeux socio-culturels et linguistiques de cette pratique et de ses éventuelles spécificités, en s’appuyant sur de récentes expériences en matière de création et traduction en langue des signes française.
La persistance de l’attachement aux biens culturels physiques
Authors: Gilliotte Quentin
Published: January 2022

À partir d’une soixantaine d’entretiens menés un peu partout en France et d’une enquête quantitative par méthode des quotas auprès de plus de 2000 répondants, l’article montre pourquoi il y a une « persistance » du recours aux biens culturels physiques (CD, DVD, vinyles, jeux vidéo en boite etc.). D’une part, ces supports physiques présentent des avantages « pratiques », faisant qu’ils sont pour beaucoup d’enquêtés plus faciles à mobiliser au quotidien, pour les reconsommer, les avoir à portée de main, mais également pour les faire circuler. D’autre part, ces biens présentent également un certain nombre de contraintes faites vertus, qui viennent alimenter le plaisir et permettent de recréer de la rareté, de la singularité dans l’expérience de consommation. Cette singularisation passe en priorité par un rapport sensible aux biens culturels (par le toucher, l’odeur, la place prise au sein de l’espace domestique) et par des formes de ritualisation des moments d’acquisition et de consommation.
Les blogs de voyage, entre mise en scène personnelle et positionnement commercial - un cadre conceptuel.
Authors: Winsky Nora , Dickow Julia
Published: January 2022

Au vu des récentes évolutions dans la blogosphère, et dans les blogs de voyage en particulier, il est nécessaire de considérer les blogs de voyage comme des médias complexes. Le présent article s’intéresse aux processus de marchandisation et de professionnalisation, de même qu’au positionnement spécifique des blogs de voyage à l’interface des mondes « en ligne » et « hors ligne », pour offrir un cadre conceptuel spécifique et adaptable à l’analyse des blogs de voyage. A l’intérieur de ce cadre, les blogs sont situés entre la mise en scène personnelle et le positionnement commercial. L’article montre comment le recours à différentes pratiques de blog (telles que le partage et la recommandation d’expériences de voyage) permet aux blogueurs de se construire et d’utiliser simultanément différentes identités. En procédant à une analyse à la fois textuelle et contextuelle, on montre comment le fait de jouer le rôle de connaisseur d’une ville touristique et « d’ami en ligne » (mise en scène personnelle) permet aux blogueurs de rentabiliser leur blog de voyage et de mener efficacement leurs stratégies de marketing (positionnement commercial). Une étude de cas centrée sur des blogs de voyage relatifs à Barcelone sert d’illustration et confirme la pertinence de cette approche conceptuelle.
Developing a National Innovation System in Small States
Authors: Noeh Amirul Shahnoel , Pg Idris Pg Siti Rozaidah , Anshari Muhammad
Published: January 2022

This study shares some empirical insights for adopting a national innovation system (NIS) to catalyze capacity building in small states with relatively low technology-based research and development resources. These countries may have to start further back than other nations; however, this chapter maintains that with the right NIS, latecomers can have the advantage of catching up economically. This study explores Brunei Darussalam's journey to catalyze innovation for sustainable economic growth, particularly digitalization and deep tech. The study found that establishing a national innovation ecosystem could be effective with national consensus and acceptance behind the approach. It emphasizes building critical infrastructures, institutions, and governance to promote efficient knowledge flow, talent development, digital literacy, and overall absorptive capacity. Because Brunei is a small state, coordinating and facilitating cohesive linkages among its key stakeholders can strategically mobilize change. As Brunei Darussalam embarks on such a trajectory, it must determine a relevant model.
Technological Innovations in Supply Chain Management Towards a Circular Economy in the Healthcare Sector of the UAE
Authors: Dave Sumita , Shaikh Nikita
Published: January 2022

Traditional techniques of linear economy generate a lot of waste, which leads to unsustainable practices in the supply chain management. This chapter analyses the impact of circular economic system practices on company overall performance for a circular supply chain and explores the mediating position the technologically driven supply chain plays inside these relationships in the healthcare sector in reference to UAE. UAE and the 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development Excellence in Implementation 2017 report suggests that UAE raises cognizance of, and integrates, sustainability standards into its agenda to promote sustainable lifestyles. Since most products in UAE are imported, the supply chain is lengthy and fragmented, making procurement expensive. Hence, an innovative technology-driven green supply chain can be an effective solution for both cost and waste reduction.
Digital Economy Transformation in Nexus With External and Social Sustainability
Authors: Sebayang Arif Budimanta , Falianty Telisa Aulia , Najiya Firdha Anisa , Raganata Gusti
Published: January 2022

In response to Indonesia's accelerating digital use, this study aims to address challenges to implement digital business models and identify the impact of digital economy to external and social and environmental sustainability. This study uses desk study, descriptive statistical analysis, and quantitative regression model and qualitative information from discussion with relevant stakeholders. This study provides several important results. First, increase in mobile cellular subscription will lead to increase in inequality, while percentage of internet user to population has shown otherwise. Second, the study also found that technology has a possibility to affect environment since it could increase CO2 emission. The digital technology gives the pressure to increase balance of payment deficit. The recommendations include increasing digital access and digital literacy, developing pro-environment technology, and increasing the exports of digitally deliverable services.
Forecasting Solar Radiation
Authors: Chaudhary Pankaj , Gattu Rohith , Ezekiel Soundarajan , Rodger James Allen
Published: January 2022

Renewable energy, such as solar and wind, has been increasing in popularity for over a decade. This is especially true in rural, underdeveloped areas, and urban households that desire energy independence. Renewable energy sources, such as solar, provide enhanced environmental benefits while simultaneously minimizing the carbon footprint. One popular technology that can capture solar energy is solar panels. The demand for solar panels has been on the rise due to increases in energy conversion efficiency, long-term financial advantages, and contributions to decreasing fossil fuel usage. However, solar panels need a steady supply of sunlight. This can be challenging in many situations, geographies, and environments. This paper uses multiple machine learning (ML) algorithms that can predict future values of solar radiation based on previously observed values and other environmental features measured without the use of complex equipment with methods that are computationally efficient so that forecasting can be done on consumer premises.
A Recombinant Ig Fragment (IgCw-γεκ) Comprising the Cγ1-Cε2–4 and Cκ Domains Is an Alternative Reagent to Human IgE
Authors: Kim Minjae , Lee Jeonghyun , Choi Juho , Seo Youngsil , Park Gyeseo , Jeon Jinah , Jeon Yerin , Lee Mi-Gi , Kwon Myung-Hee
Published: January 2022

Human IgE is useful for immunological assays, such as sensitization of FcεRI-positive cells and IgE measurement. In this study, we report the development of a recombinant Ig fragment, designated IgCw-γεκ, as an alternative reagent to human IgE. IgCw-γεκ (∼130 kDa) comprises two hybrid constant H chain regions (Cγ1-Cε2–4, each ∼53 kDa) and two constant κ L chains (Cκ, each ∼12 kDa) and lacks a V domain. The presence of Cγ1 instead of Cε1 within the H chain increased the production yield and facilitated assembly of the H and L chains. IgCw-γεκ was produced in cultured human embryonic kidney 293F cells, with a yield of ∼27 mg/l. IgCw-γεκ bound to human FcεRIαRs expressed on the surface of rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells. A β-hexosaminidase release assay revealed that the biological activity of IgCw-γεκ was comparable with that of IgE. The IgE concentration measured using IgCw-γεκ as a standard was similar to that measured using IgE as a standard. These results suggest that the IgCw-γεκ molecule retains the basic characteristics of IgE, but does not cross-react with Ags, making it an alternative to the IgE isotype references used in a variety of immunological assays.
Diagnostic Value of Circulating Antigens in the Serum of Piglets with Experimental Acute Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Liu Qi , Zhang Man-yu , Zhao Bing , Chen Yun , Jiang Wei , Geng Xiao-ling , Wang Quan
Published: January 2022

Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an apicomplexan parasite, infects all warm-blooded animals, including a third of the human population. Laboratory diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis is based on the detection of anti–T. gondii IgM and IgG and T. gondii nucleic acid; however, these assays have certain limitations. Circulating Ags (CAgs) are reliable diagnostic indicators of acute infection. In this study, we established a model of acute T. gondii infection in Large White pigs. CAg levels peaked between 3 and 5 d after inoculation, and 28 CAgs were identified using an immunoprecipitation-shotgun approach, among which dolichol-phosphate-mannose synthase family protein (TgDPM), C3HC zinc finger-like protein (TgZFLP3), and ribosomal protein RPL7 (TgRPL7) were selected to further investigate their value in the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that TgDPM and TgRPL7 were localized in the membrane surface, while TgZFLP3 was localized in the apical end. Western blotting revealed the presence of the three proteins in the serum during acute infection. Indirect ELISA results indicate that TgZFLP3 is likely to be a novel candidate for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis. However, these three proteins may not be useful as candidate vaccines against toxoplasmosis owing to their low protective ability. In addition, deletion of the zflp3 gene partially attenuated virulence in Kunming mice. Collectively, we identified 28 CAgs in the serum of piglets with experimental acute toxoplasmosis and confirmed that TgZFLP3 is a potential biomarker for acute T. gondii infection. The results of this study provide data to improve the detection efficiency of acute toxoplasmosis.
The principles of presenting statistical results using figures
Authors: Park Jae Hong , Lee Dong Kyu , Kang Hyun , Kim Jong Hae , Nahm Francis Sahngun , Ahn EunJin , In Junyong , Kwak Sang Gyu , Lim Chi-Yeon
Published: January 2022

Tables and figures are commonly adopted methods for presenting specific data or statistical analysis results. Figures can be used to display characteristics and distributions of data, allowing for intuitive understanding through visualization and thus making it easier to interpret the statistical results. To maximize the positive aspects of figure presentation and increase the accuracy of the content, in this article, the authors will describe how to choose an appropriate figure type and the necessary components to include. Additionally, this article includes examples of figures that are commonly used in research and their essential components using virtual data.
A profile of adult patients with major burns admitted to a Level 1 Trauma Centre and their functional outcomes at discharge: A retrospective review
Authors: Angelou Irene K. , Van Aswegen Heleen , Wilson Moira , Grobler Regina
Published: January 2022

Background: Patients with major burns suffer with pain, which impacts their physical function during hospitalisation.Objectives: To describe the demographics, burn characteristics, clinical course, physical function, complications developed after major burns and to establish predictors of non-independent physical function at hospital discharge.Method: Records of all consecutive adult burn admissions to a Level 1 Trauma Centre between 2015 and 2017 were screened retrospectively against our study criteria, using the Trauma Bank Data Registry. Anonymised data from included records were captured on specifically designed data extraction forms. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise findings. A regression analysis was undertaken to establish predictors of non-independent function at discharge.Results: Males represented 87.7% (n = 64) of included records (n = 73). Median age was 38 (interquartile range [IQR]: 22). Thermal burns were most reported (n = 47, 64.4%), followed by median total body surface area (TBSA) 31% and head and arms were most affected (60.3% and 71.2%). Injury severity was high with median intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) of 17 (IQR: 34) and hospital LOS 44 (IQR: 31) days. Wound debridement was mostly performed (n = 27, 36.9%) with limb oedema as a common complication (n = 15, 21.7%). Muscle strength and functional performance improved throughout LOS. None of the variables identified were predictors of non-independent function at hospital discharge.Conclusion: Adults with major burns were predominantly male, in mid-life and sustained thermal injury with a high injury severity. Decreased range of motion (ROM) of affected areas, ‘fair’ muscle strength and independent function were recorded for most patients at hospital discharge.Clinical implications: These findings contribute to the limited body of evidence on the profile, clinical course and outcomes of South African adult burn patients.
The effectiveness of MyMAT Aedes mosquito trap in reducing dengue cases
Authors: Shahar Mohd Khadri , Ismail Suzilah , Ahmad Rohani , Omar Topek
Published: January 2022

Malaysia Mosquito Autocidal Trap (MyMAT) is a green technology Aedes mosquito trap that does not use harmful chemical substances. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of MyMAT in reducing dengue cases and relating the cases to rainfall. An experimental field study was conducted for 42 weeks at Pangsapuri Nilam Sari, Shah Alam, Selangor. A total of 624 MyMAT was allocated at four blocks: inside each apartment and outside at the corridors in each level. Mosquito and rainfall data were collected weekly using MyMAT and a mobile rain gauge, respectively. The dengue cases data was retrieved from the e-dengue system obtained from the Malaysia Ministry of Health. The findings showed that MyMAT could catch 97% of Aedes mosquitoes and reduced dengue cases on average of 78%, indicating MyMAT is a reliable Aedes mosquito trap. Interestingly the findings also revealed a significant relationship between dengue cases, the number of Aedes mosquitoes, and rainfall. This week notified dengue cases increased when last two weeks mosquitoes increased due to previous two weeks rainfall increment. Thus indicating an indirect but significant relationship between this week notified dengue cases with the last four weeks rainfall. These relationships can be used in establishing a dengue outbreak forecasting model, which can act as an early warning system.
The Potential Significance of Reversed Stapes Reflex in Clinical Practice in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Onder Halil
Published: January 2022

Background:

Stapes reflex test is a method of evaluating the involuntary muscle contraction of the stapedius muscle in response to a high-intensity sound stimulus. The formation of this reflex involves the intact function of the 7th nerve, brain stem, 8th nerve, and middle ear. Due to ease of administration and information yielded, the stapedial reflex is considered one of the most powerful differential diagnostic audiological procedures. Numerous studies have remarked on the fluid communication between the intracochlear and intracranial spaces through the cochlear aqueduct. Currently, the potential significance of a noninvasive audiological technique in the discrimination of raised intracranial pressure constitutes a crucial topic of interest.

Methods:

We have performed the pre-LP and post-LP detailed otorhinolaryngological investigations, including the detailed inspection, audiometric testing, tympanometry, and stapedial reflex in a total of four consecutive patients with IIH.

Results:

We found that the stapedial reflex was bilateral absent initially in two of the patients. However, the second stapedial reflex investigations after LP showed reversal of the reflex responses in both of the patients.

Conclusions:

We suggest some hypotheses and propose some clinical applications. Future studies focusing on the potential utility of this reflex in the monitorization of IIH may provide crucial perspectives.
Surgical and mediastinal emphysema in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Aljehani Yasser , Alkhunaizi Auday A. , Othman Sharifah A. , Alqumber Hassan Abdullah , Almubarak Yousif , Al-Musawi Tariq , Al Bazroun Mohammed Ibrahim , Alshaikhmohamed Khatoon
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Coronavirus illness 2019, commonly referred to as COVID-19, is a highly infectious disease brought on by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 was declared a universal pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization and is a severe health issue with unprecedented morbidity and mortality rates. Both surgical and mediastinal emphysema have been seen in cases of critically ill COVID-19 patients in several hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicentric study involving several hospitals in the Saudi Arabian Eastern Province. Data were collected from intensive care units (ICUs) in these hospitals from March 2 to August 2, 2020. The inclusion criteria consisted of all patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were admitted to a critical care unit.

RESULTS:

Thirty patients required thoracic consultation and management, including 26 males (81.3%) and 4 females (12.5%) (1:0.15) who developed surgical and mediastinal emphysema requiring thoracic surgery intervention. Most of the patients were on high ventilation settings, and the mean duration of ventilator support was 16.50 ± 13.98 days. Two patients (6.3%) required reintubation. The median positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 12 ± 2.80 cmH2O with a median FiO2 of 70% ± 19.73. On average, thoracic complications occurred on day 3 (±6.29 days) postintubation. Ten patients (33.33%) experienced a pneumothorax associated with surgical emphysema (SE), 1 patient (3.33%) presented with only mediastinal emphysema; 17 patients (56.66%) with only SE, and 1 (3.33%) had mediastinal emphysema associated with SE. We noted a correlation between the duration of ventilator support, the length of ICU stay (P < 0.001), and the total length of stay (LOS) in the hospital (P < 0.001). Total length of hospital stay showed significant association with the onset of complications (P = 0.045) and outcomes (P = 0.006). A significant association between PEEP and the duration of ventilator support was also evident with a P value = 0.009 and the onset of complications (P = 0.043). In addition, we found a significant association between the group with pneumothorax in combination with SE, and their outcomes, with a P = 0.002.

CONCLUSION:

Surgical and mediastinal emphysema in the critically ill patients are usually attributed to barotrauma and high ventilations settings. During COVID-19 pandemic, these entities were seen and the pathogenesis was revisited and some attributed its presence to the disease process and destruction on lung parenchyma. The associated with extended LOS and delayed recovery in addition to poor prognosis were seen. Their presence is an indicator to higher morbidity and mortality.
Cartoon Based Information Booklet Versus Traditional Teaching for Better Outcome in Oral Hygiene among Primary School Students
Authors: Bhattacharjee Mousumi , Mandal Kasturi
Published: January 2022

Dental caries and periodontal diseases have been considered the most important global oral health burdens. Dental caries is still a major oral health problem in both developing and developed countries, affecting 60%–90% of school children and majority of adults. The traditional teaching method is one of the oldest and most common methods of teaching. Innovative methods of teaching are needed for better uptake of information and behavior change. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of cartoon-based information booklet versus traditional teaching regarding oral hygiene on knowledge and practice among primary school students. The quasi-experimental study included a total of 46 Class IV primary school students from two different primary schools. Two schools were randomly assigned as experimental and control groups, the experimental group students had cartoon-based booklet and the control group had traditional method of teaching regarding oral hygiene practices. Structured interview schedule and observational checklist were used to collect the data. The result showed that knowledge and practice of oral hygiene improved after both teaching programme i.e., cartoon-based information booklet and traditional teaching as evident by paired “t” value for knowledge, and also paired “t” value for practice, but when both teaching methods were compared, it was found that cartoon based information booklet was more effective in bringing better outcome in knowledge and practice of oral hygiene compared to the traditional method of teaching. Cartoon-based booklets can be an effective educational tool to improve knowledge and behavior in primary school children.
Transitional Care Program for Enhancing Competence of Primary Care Givers in Home Care Management of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Graduates
Authors: Gangihal Mumtaj , Kavitha K. , Rathod Satish , Pujari Laxmi , Swami Laxmi , Pyati Amar , Sikandar Basheerahamed J.
Published: January 2022

The discharge of a newborn who had been admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for weeks or months after birth is both joy and worry for parents. A comprehensive plan is needed to prepare the parents so that they can take care of their baby by their own after discharge from NICU. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of transitional care programmes on the competence of primary caregivers in home care management of NICU graduates. A Quasi-experimental design with a quantitative approach was adopted. The sample consisted of 80 primary caregivers selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using the demographic profile, structured knowledge questionnaire and observation checklist. The findings showed that the mean knowledge score of mothers regarding home care of NICU graduates improved from 12.8 ± 3.93 in pretest to 27.55 ± 1.93 after the transitional care programme. There was a significant difference between pretest and posttest knowledge of mothers in the experimental group (P < 0.001). The mean knowledge score of caregivers regarding homecare of NICU graduates improved from 12.7 ± 2.47 to 25.6 ± 3.25 after the transitional care programme. However, no significant difference was observed between the study participants of experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). A randomised control trial with a large sample size is needed to find out the impact of transitional care programmes. This intervention can be incorporated into the discharge plan of NICU graduates to minimise the readmission to the hospital.
Impact of Anti-Diabetic Medications on Quality of Life in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Baruah Manash P. , Bhowmick Ananya , Bhuyan Seema , Bhuyan Sonali B. , Deka Jumi , Bora Smriti Sikha
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been found to be associated with poor quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to measure QOL in T2DM patients and examine if the patients’ socio demographic, diabetes-related clinical characteristics and insulin usage are associated with better quality of life.

Materials and Methods:

This clinic based cross-sectional study analyzed data from outpatients with T2DM attending a referral clinic between January and June 2016. Association between Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN) QOL and few demographic, socioeconomic, clinical and biochemical predictors were examined using multivariate logistic regression model. A total of 518 patients completed the interview.

Results:

The HbA1c level of insulin ± oral anti-diabetic (OAD) cohort was significantly lower (7.89 ± 1.98) than the OAD cohort (8.79 ± 1.96),P< 0.001. Compared to their counterparts in the OAD cohort, patients on insulin were older with longer duration of diabetes mellitus. Co-morbid confounders like obesity, hypoglycemia, and blood pressure control or socio demographic confounders like income, education were almost similar in both the cohorts. The incidence of hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD) and statin usage was significantly higher in the insulin cohort. The overall composite DAWN QOL scores of the insulin ± OAD cohort (25.42 ± 4.35) was marginally higher than that of the OAD cohort (23.62 ± 5.06) (P= 0.067). Analog insulin users were also found to have significantly higher composite DAWN QOL scores compared to human insulin users (25.77 ± 5.73 vs.24.13 ± 4.88,P= 0.037).

Conclusions:

The insulin cohort, despite being older and having longer duration of diabetes, had significantly higher diet compliance score, and enhanced QOL owing to better diabetes-related knowledge and treatment adherence characteristics than non-insulin users. Questionnaires-based evaluation of QOL can provide better understanding of the patient's experience of the illness, self-care, psychological and emotional functioning, and choice of therapeutic modality enhancing the quality of care.