bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural Effects on Dienes and Polyenes
Authors: Charton Marvin
Published: December 2009

Dienes and Polyenes

The Nature of Structural Effects

Electrical Effects

Steric Effects

Intermolecular Forces

Applications

Conclusion

Appendix (Glossary)
Acidity of Alkenes and Polyenes
Authors: Kilway Kathleen V. , Streitwieser Andrew
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Vinyl Hydrogens

Allyl Hydrogens

Acknowledgments
Allenyl and Polyenyl Cations
Authors: Subramanian L. R.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Allenyl Cations

Butatrienyl Cations
Oxidation of Dienes and Polyenes
Authors: Neumann* Ronny , Khenkin Alexander M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Oxidation with Metal‐Oxo Compounds and Intermediates

Oxidation with Peroxo Compounds

Oxidation with Oxygen

Summary and Conclusions
Synthesis and Transformation of Radialenes
Authors: Maas Gerhard , Hopf Henning
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis and Transformation of Radialenes

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgments
Heteropolar Double Bonds
Authors: Hoz Tova , Basch Harold
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Calculational Methods

Results and Discussion
Mass Spectra of Double‐Bonded Groups
Authors: Gäumann Tino
Published: December 2009

An Introduction, to Warm Up

The Localization of theCCDouble Bond: an Analytical Problem

Ethylene: An Old Faithful

The Pentene Story

Heptene: The Other Story

Alkenes: To Fill Some Gaps

Acetone, Seemingly Simple

Other Ketones: The More it Changes, the More It Is the Same

Diels–Alder and Retro‐Diels–Alder Reactions

Acknowledgments
Acidity, Basicity and H‐Bonding of Double‐Bonded Functional Groups: Nitrones, Nitriles and Thiocarbonyls
Authors: Rienäcker Claudia M. , Klapötke Thomas M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Acid‐Base Reactions

Nitrones

Nitriles

Thiocarbonyls

Acknowledgements
Complex Formation Involving Compounds with Double‐Bonded Functional Groups
Authors: Forlani Luciano
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Olefins. Non‐Covalent Interactions

Olefins. Covalent Complexes with Nucleophiles

Carbonyl Group. Electron Donor–Acceptor Complexes

Imino Group. Electron Donor–Acceptor Complexes

Covalent Complexes Involving
C

O
and
C

N
Groups and Nucleophiles
Liquid Crystals with XY Groups
Authors: Hanemann T. , Haase W.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

General Classification

Structure Identification and Classification

Chemical Classification

Modern Topics

Applications of Liquid Crystals
Pyrolysis Involving Compounds withCC,CNandCODouble Bonds
Authors: Aitken R. Alan , Thomas Andrew W.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Compounds ContainingCCDouble Bonds

Compounds ContainingCNDouble Bonds

Compounds ContainingCODouble Bonds
Thermochemistry of Olefins, Carbonyl Compounds and Imines
Authors: Slayden Suzanne W. , Liebman Joel F.
Published: December 2009

Introduction: Scope and Definitions

Acyclic Olefins

Cyclic Olefins with a CHCH Group

Exo‐ vsEndo‐Cyclic Double Bonds

Bredt's Rule, Bridgehead Olefins and Cyclic Species with aA>CCH Olefinic Linkage

Cyclic Olefins Containing a Tetrasubstituted Double Bond

Olefins with Aromatic Substituents

Acyclic Aldehydes and Ketones

Alicyclic Ketones

Carbonyl Compounds with Aryl Substituents

Polycarbonyl Compounds

Imines
Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation
Authors: Bartók Mihály , Molnár Árpád
Published: December 2009

Introduction

General Characteristics

Hydrogenation ofCCBonds

Hydrogenation ofCOBonds

Hydrogenation ofCNBonds

Asymmetric Hydrogenations
Syntheses and Uses of Isotopically Labelled Compounds ContainingCC,COorCNGroups
Authors: Ziełiński Mieczysław , Kańska Marianna
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Syntheses and Uses of Compounds ContainingCC,COorCNGroups Labelled with Stable Isotopes

Synthesis and Uses of Compounds ContainingCC,COorCNGroups Labelled with Tritium

Syntheses and Uses of Compounds ContainingCC,COorCNGroups Labelled with Radioactive Carbon

Syntheses and Uses of Compounds ContainingCC,COorCNGroups Labelled with Radioactive Halogen

Synthesis and Uses of Compounds ContainingCC,CO, orCNGroups Labelled with Radioactive Sulphur

Isotope Effect Studies

Acknowledgements
Nucleophilic Attack on Compounds Containing
C

C
,
C

O
or
C

N
Groups
Authors: Taylor Peter G.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

The Types of Double Bonds Involving at Least One Carbon Atom that Undergo Nucleophilic Attack and their Relative Reactivities

The Orbital Interactions that Control the Approach of a Nucleophile to the Double Bond

Stereoselectivity in Nucleophilic Attack of Double Bonds
Epoxidation ofCXDouble Bonds
Authors: Bartók Mihály , Schneider Gyula
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Epoxidation of theCCBond

Epoxidation of theCOBond

Epoxidation of theCNBond
Radical Anions and Radical Cations Derived from Compounds Containing
C

C
,
C

O
or
C

N
Groups
Authors: Berger Daniel J. , Tanko James M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Radical Ions of >
C

O
Containing Compounds

Radical Ions of >
C

C
< Containing Compounds

Radical Ions of >
C

N
 Containing Compounds

Closing Remarks

Acknowledgment
The Thiocarbonyl Group
Authors: Molina M. T. , Yáñez M. , Mó O. , Notario R. , Abboud J.‐L. M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Energetics and Structure of Thiocarbonyl Compounds.Their Influence on Reactivity and Physical Properties

Syntheses

Chemical Properties of Thiocarbonyl Compounds

Coordination Chemistry

Acknowledgments
Biological Activity of Organic Compounds Elicited by the Introduction of Double Bonds
Authors: Kalir Asher , Kalir Henry H.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Comparison of Toxicity of Saturated and Unsaturated Compounds

Unsaturated Compounds of Pharmacological Interest

Detection and Localization of Double Bonds
Electronic Structure of Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Compounds
Authors: Basch Harold , Hoz Tova
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Methods

A
VB
Description of
NH
2

NH
2

A
VB
Description of
NH

NH

Azoxy Compounds: Structure and Energetics

Azoxy: Isomerization Reaction Mechanism

Azoxy: Synthesis Reaction Mechanism

Acknowledgements
Configuration, Conformation and Chiroptical Properties of the Azo, Azoxy and Hydrazo Groups
Authors: Červinka Otakar
Published: December 2009

Stereochemical Nomenclature of Compounds with Azo and Azoxy Groups

Azoalkanes

Azoxyalkanes

Alkanediazotates

α‐Carbonyl Azo Compounds

Azoarenes

Azoxyarenes

Arenediazotates

Chiroptical Properties of the Azo and Azoxy Chromophores

Azocycloalkanes

Hydrazo Compounds
Mass Spectra of Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Compounds
Authors: Chan T.‐W.D. , Tam S.W.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Electron Impact and Chemical Ionization Mass Spectra

Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectra of Involatile Azo Dyestuffs

Conclusions
NMRSpectroscopy of Azo, Azoxy and Hydrazo Compounds
Authors: Mason Joan
Published: December 2009

Introduction: NitrogenNMRSpectroscopy

15Nand14NTechniques

Nitrogen Shielding in Azo, Azoxy and Hydrazo Compounds

Nitrogen Shielding Tensors

Spin–Spin Couplings to Nitrogen in Azo, Azoxy and Hydrazo Compounds
Information from the
ESR
,
ENDOR
and
NMR
Spectra of Radicals Related to Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Compounds
Authors: NELSEN S.F.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Tetrasubstituted Hydrazine Cation Radicals; 3
e
‐π
NN
Bonding

Hexasubstituted Hydrazine Cation Radicals: 3
e
‐σ
NN
Bonding

Trisubstituted Hydrazine Radicals: Hydrazyls

Azo Compound Ion Radicals

Radicals Related to Azoxy and Azodioxy Compounds

Acknowledgements
Analytical Aspects of Compounds Containing the Azo, Azoxy and Hydrazino Functional Groups
Authors: Zabicky Jacob , Grinberg Sarina
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Analysis of Azo Compounds

Analysis of Azoxy Compounds

Analysis of Hydrazino Compounds

Azo Compounds as Analytical Tools

Hydrazines as Analytical Tools

Analytical Properties of Analytical Reagents
Synthesis and Reactions of Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Compounds
Authors: Boyd Gerhard V.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Hydrazo Compounds

Azo Compounds

Azoxy Compounds
The Photochemistry of the Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Groups
Authors: Horspool William M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Photochemical Reactions of the Hydrazo Group

Photochemical Reactions of Azo Compounds

Azoxy Compounds
Biological Formation and Reactions of Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Groups
Authors: Banthorpe Derek V.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Natural Occurrence

Enzymology and General Metabolism

Carcinogenesis and Toxicity

Microbial Biochemistry of Azo and Related Compounds

Biochemical Analysis and Methodology
Toxicological and Pharmacotherapeutical Aspects of Azo, Hydrazo and Azoxy Compounds
Authors: Nir Isaac
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Azo Compounds with Characteristic Biological Features

Hydrazine Derivatives

Azo and Hydrazo Compounds as Medicaments

Concluding Remarks
Safety and Environmental Effects of Azo Compounds
Authors: Glezer Victor
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Production and Use

Concentration and Speciation In Natural Environment

Toxicity

Decolouration and Degradation

Acknowledgements
Theoretical Aspects and Quantum Mechanical Calculations of Silaaromatic Compounds
Authors: Apeloig Yitzhak , Karni Miriam
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Computational Criteria for Estimating the Degree of Aromaticity

Silabenzenoids

Charged Silaaromatic Systems

Silylenes with Aromatic Character

Silafullerenes

Silicon Compounds with Potential ‘Three‐Dimensional Aromaticity’

Potential Silaantiaromatic Compounds

Conclusions

Acknowledgements
A Molecular Modeling of the Bonded Interactions of Crystalline Silica
Authors: Gibbs G. V. , Boisen M. B.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Bond Length–Bond Strength Variations in Silicates and Related Molecules

A Potential Energy Surface for theSiOSiSkeleton of the Disilicic Acid Molecule

Bond Critical Point Properties of the Electron Density Distribution of the SkeletalSiOSiUnit

A Reproduction of the Structures and Related Properties of the Known Silica Polymorphs

A Generation of New Structure Types for Silica

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgments
Thermochemistry
Authors: Becerra Rosa , Walsh Robin
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Compounds of Tetravalent Silicon

Free Radicals and Bond Dissociation Enthalpies

Other Silicon Containing Species

Appendix
29SiNMRSpectroscopy of Organosilicon Compounds
Authors: Takeuchi Yoshito , Takayama Toshio
Published: December 2009

Introduction

New Techniques

New Compounds

NMRParameters

Solid‐State29SiNMR
Activating and Directive Effects of Silicon
Authors: Bassindale Alan R. , Glynn Simon J. , Taylor Peter G.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Electronic Effects of
R
3
Si

The Measurement and Interpretation of
R
3
Si
Activating and Directive Parameters

Activating and Directive Effects of Silicon in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

Activating and Directive Effects in Aliphatic Electrophilic Reactions

Activating and Directive Effects of Silicon in Carbanionic Reactions

Stabilization of Developing Negative Charge by Silicon
Steric Effects of Silyl Groups
Authors: Hwu R. Jih‐Ru , Tsay Shwu‐Chen , Cheng Buh‐Luen
Published: December 2009

Introduction

An Order in Increasing Size of Silyl Groups

Comparison of Organosilyl Groups in Substrates

Comparison of the Influence Resulting from Hydrogen Atom and Alkyl Groups versus Silyl Groups

Reactivity of Silicon‐Containing Reagents

Solvolysis of Various Organosilanes

Change of Physical, Chemical and Spectroscopic Properties by Introduction of Silyl Groups

Conclusion

Acknowledgment
Reaction Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Attack at Silicon
Authors: Bassindale Alan R , Glynn Simon J. , Taylor Peter G.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Direct Substitution of a Leaving Group by a Nucleophile

Nucleophile‐Catalysed Substitution at Silicon and Racemization
Silicenium Ions: Quantum Chemical Computations
Authors: Maerker Christoph , von Ragué Schleyer Paul
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Computational Methods

Quantum Mechanical Studies of Silicenium Cations

Concluding Remarks and Outlook
Silicenium Ions—Experimental Aspects
Authors: D. Lickiss Paul
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Gas‐Phase Studies

Solution Studies

Solid State Studies

Conclusions

Acknowledgements
Alkaline and Alkaline Earth Silyl Compounds—Preparation and Structure
Authors: Belzner Johannes , Dehnert Uwe
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Hydridosilyl Anions

Alkyl‐Substituted Silyl Anions

Aryl‐Substituted Silyl Anions

Silyl‐Substituted Silyl Anions

Functionalized Silyl Anions

Miscellaneous
Silicon–Carbon and Silicon–Nitrogen Multiply Bonded Compounds
Authors: Müller Thomas , Ziche Wolfgang , Auner Norbert
Published: December 2009

Silenes

Silaallenes

SiCTriply Bonded Compounds: Theoretical Results

Silicon–Nitrogen Multiply Bonded Compounds

Acknowledgements
Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Silicon–Heteroatom Multiple Bonds
Authors: Tokitoh Norihiro , Okazaki Renji
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Double Bonds between Silicon and Group 16 Elements

Outlook for the Chemistry of Silicon–Heteroatom Multiple Bonds
Gas‐Phase Ion Chemistry of Silicon‐Containing Molecules†This article is dedicated to Saul Patai.
Authors: Goldberg Norman , Schwarz Helmut
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Thermochemistry

Ion–Molecule Reactions of Silicon‐Containing Molecules

Generation and Characterization of Small Multiply Bonded Silicon‐Containing Ions and their Neutral Counterparts

Rearrangements of Organosilicon Ions

Doubly Charged Ions

Acknowledgments
Matrix Isolation Studies of Silicon Compounds
Authors: Maier Günther , Meudt Andreas , Jung Jörg , Pacl Harald
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Silicon–Carbon Multiple Bonds

Silicon–Silicon Multiple Bonds

Silicon–Nitrogen Multiple Bonds

Silicon–Oxygen Multiple Bonds

Silicon–Sulfur Multiple Bonds

Strained Silacycles

Silylenes
Electrochemistry of Organosilicon Compounds
Authors: Fuchigami Toshio
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Anodic Oxidation of Organosilicon Compounds

Cathodic Reduction of Organosilicon Compounds

Acknowledgment
Mechanistic Aspects of the Photochemistry of Organosilicon Compounds
Authors: Kira Mitsuo , Miyazawa Takashi
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Oligosilanes and Polysilanes

Arylpolysilanes

Silylenes

Acknowledgment
Hypervalent Silicon Compounds
Authors: Kost Daniel , Kalikhman Inna
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Pentacoordinate Anionic Silicon Compounds

Pentacoordinate Neutral Silicon Complexes

Cationic Pentacoordinate Complexes

Hexacoordinate Ionic Silicon Compounds

Neutral Hexacoordinate Silicon Complexes

Complexes with Higher Coordination Numbers

Addendum
Silatranes and their Tricyclic Analogs
Authors: Pestunovich Vadim , Kirpichenko Svetlana , Voronkov Mikhail
Published: December 2009

General Introduction

Silatranes

Silatrane Analogs

Acknowledgments
Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Chatgilialoglu C. , Ferreri C. , Gimisis T.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Autoxidation of Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane

Reductions

Hydrosilylations

Consecutive Radical Reactions
Recent Advances in the Direct Process†This review is dedicated to the memory of Alan Ritzer
Authors: N. Lewis Larry
Published: December 2009

Introduction

The Effect of Promoters on the Direct Process

The Effect of Silicon, Catalyst and Promoter Morphology on theMCSReaction

Surface Fundamentals and Mechanistic Studies of theMCSReaction

Silicon Direct Process Reactions with Reagents Other thanMeCl

Recovery and Use of by‐Products from theMCSReaction

Acknowledgments
Acyl Silanes
Authors: Bulman Page Philip C. , Mckenzie Michael J. , Klair Sukhbinder S. , Rosenthal Stephen
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Structure and Spectroscopy of Acyl Silanes

Synthesis of Acyl Silanes

Reactions of Acyl Silanes

Conclusion
Recent Advances in the Hydrosilylation and Related Reactions
Authors: Ojima Iwao , Li Zhaoyang , Zhu Jiawang
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Hydrosilylation of Alkenes

Hydrosilylation of Alkynes

Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl and Related Compounds

Asymmetric Hydrosilylation

Syntheses of Silicon‐Containing Dendrimers and Polymers Using Hydrosilylation

Silylcarbonylation and Silylcarbocyclization Reactions
Chemistry of Compounds with Silicon–Sulphur, Silicon–Selenium and Silicon–Tellurium Bonds
Authors: (‘Fred’) Armitage D. A.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Thiosilanes

Silane Thiols and Polysulphides

Linear Disilthianes

Silicon–Sulphur Double Bond

Cyclic Silthianes

Miscellaneous Silicon–Sulphur Rings

Selenosilanes

Bis(silyl)selenides

Selenides

Tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl Selenide Derivatives

Tellurosilanes

Tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl Tellurol Derivatives
Organosilicon Derivatives of Fullerenes
Authors: Ando Wataru , Kusukawa Takahiro
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Photoconductivity of Fullerene‐Doped Polysilanes

Photochemical Reactions of 2,2‐Diaryltrisilane

Photochemical and Thermal Additions of Cyclosilanes to Fullerenes

Photochemical Additions of Polysilacyclobutanes and ‐Butene to
C
60

Reactions of Silyllithium Reagents with
C
60

Reactions of Silicon‐Substituted Nucleophiles

Reactions of Silyl Diazonium Compounds
Group 14 Metalloles, Ionic Species and Coordination Compounds
Authors: Dubac Jacques , Guérin Christian , Meunier Philippe
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis

Organic Chemical Properties of Group 14 Metalloles

Polymeric Silole‐Containing

π

‐Conjugated Systems

Ionic Species and Coordination Compounds

Addendum

Conclusion

Acknowledgements
Transition‐Metal Silyl Complexes
Authors: Eisen Moris S.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Group‐3 Silyl Complexes

Lanthanide Silyl Derivatives

Group‐4 Silyl Complexes

Actinide Silyl Complexes

Group‐5 Silyl Complexes

General Introduction to Late‐Transition‐Metal Silicon‐Containing Complexes

Group‐6 Silylene Complexes

Group‐6 Silyl Complexes

Group‐7 Silylene Complexes

Group‐7 Silyl Derivatives

Group‐8 Silyl Derivatives

Group‐9 Silicon‐Containing Complexes

Group‐10 Silicon‐Containing Complexes

Copper and Mercury Silyl Complexes

Acknowledgments
Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Cyclopolysilanes
Authors: Hengge Edwin , Stüger Harald
Published: December 2009

Introduction

General Methods for Cyclopolysilane Synthesis

General Properties of Cyclopolysilanes

Monocyclic Silanes

Polycyclic Silanes and Cages

Transition Metal Containing Cyclopolysilanes

Acknowledgments
Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Siloxane Polymers and Copolymers
Authors: Drake Robert , MacKinnon Iain , Taylor Richard
Published: December 2009

The Polymerization of Silicones

Organofunctional Siloxanes

Degradation of Polysiloxanes

The Surface Activity of Linear Siloxane Polymers and Copolymers
Organo‐Silica Sol–Gel Materials
Authors: Avnir David , Klein Lisa C. , Levy David , Schubert Ulrich , Wojcik Anna B.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

The Silica Sol–Gel Process and Silica Sol–Gel Materials

Direct Entrapment of Organic and Bioorganic Molecules in Sol–Gel Matrices

Covalent Entrapment of Organic Functional Groups

Organic/Inorganic Sol–Gel Copolymerizations

Photochemistry, Photophysics and Optics of Doped Sol–Gel Materials

Concluding Remark

Acknowledgments
Highly Reactive Small‐Ring Monosilacycles and Medium‐Ring Oligosilacycles
Authors: Ando Wataru , Kabe Yoshio
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Silyl Carbene‐to‐Silene Rearrangement and Ring Formation

Ylide and Small‐Ring Formations by Silylene Reactions with Heteroatoms and Cumulenes

Ring Formation by Wurtz and Diyne Coupling Reactions

Ring Formation by Kipping and Gilman Reactions
Silylenes
Authors: Gaspar Peter P , West Robert
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Generation of Silylenes

Reactions of Silylenes

Theoretical Calculations

Spectroscopic Characterization of Silylenes

Kinetics of Silylene Reactions

Silylene–Transition Metal Complexes

Special Topics

Speculations on the Future of Silylene Chemistry
Mössbauer Spectroscopy with Gold Compounds
Authors: Parish R. V.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Mössbauer Spectroscopy

The Origin and Interpretation of the Parameters

Discussion of Data

Conclusion
NMR
and
ESR
Spectroscopy Applied to Gold and Silver Compounds
Authors: Frank Shaw C
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Silver Complexes

Gold Complexes

Conclusions

Acknowledgment
The Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Organic Derivatives of Gold and Silver
Authors: Novak Igor
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Pes of Gold Compounds

Pes of Silver Compounds

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Synthesis and Uses of Organosilver Compounds
Authors: Schmidbaur Hubert , Bayler Angela
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Alkylsilver Compounds

Alkenyl‐ and Alkynylsilver Compounds

Arylsilver Compounds

Carbene–Silver Complexes
Synthesis and Uses of Organogold Compounds
Authors: Schmidbaur Hubert , Grohmann Andreas , Olmos M. Elena , Schier Annette
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis of σ‐Bonded Organogold Complexes

Homo‐ and Heterometallic Gold Clusters Containing Gold–Carbon Bonds

Synthesis and Properties of Alkene, Alkyne, Carbene and Related Complexes of Gold
Pyrolysis of Organic Derivatives of Silver and Gold
Authors: Aitken R. Alan
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Organosilver Compounds

Organogold Compounds
Rearrangement of Gold and Silver Complexes
Authors: Wang Suning , Fackler John P.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Rearrangements of Organogold Compounds

Rearrangements of Organosilver Compounds
Syntheses and Uses of Isotopically Labelled Compounds of Silver and Gold
Authors: Zieliński MieczysŁaw , Kańska Marianna , Kański Ryszard
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis and Uses of Isotopically Labelled Compounds of Silver

Synthesis and Use of Isotopically Labelled Gold‐Containing Compounds

Acknowledgements
Gold–Thiol Self‐Assembled Monolayers
Authors: Chechik Victor , Stirling Charles J. M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Analytical Tools for Monolayer Characterization

Preparation of Gold–Thiol Monolayers

Structure of Gold–Thiol Monolayers

Stability of Monolayers

Chemical Reactions in Monolayers

Non‐Covalent Interactions of Monolayers with Guest Molecules

Thiol Monolayers on the Surface of Gold Colloids

Applications
Mass Spectrometry and Gas‐Phase Ion Chemistry of Dienes and Polyenes
Authors: Kuck Dietmar , Mormann Michael
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Gaseous Radical Cations of Some Dienes and Polyenes: Thermochemistry of Some Typical Reactions

Unimolecular Isomerization and Fragmentation

Gaseous Anions Generated from Dienes and Polyenes

Bimolecular Reactions of Dienes and Polyenes

Localization of theCCBond Unsaturation

Mass Spectrometry of Mono‐ and Oligoterpenes, Terpenoids and Carotenoids

Acknowledgements
Photopericyclic Reactions of Conjugated Dienes and Trienes
Authors: Cook Bruce H. O. , Leigh William J.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Ground State Conformational Equilibria andE,Z‐Isomerization

The Excited Singlet States of Conjugated Polyenes:UVAbsorption and Emission Spectra

Singlet State Photochemistry of Conjugated Dienes and Trienes

Conclusion
Photochemistry of Non‐Conjugated Dienes
Authors: Horspool William M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Electron Transfer Reactions

Cyclobutane Formation

Cyclization of Norbornadienes and Related Compounds

Di‐π‐Methane Processes
Nucleophilic Additions to Dienes, Enynes and Polyenes
Authors: Krause Norbert , Zelder Claudia
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Dienes

Enynes

Polyenes
Synthetic Applications of Dienes and Polyenes, Excluding Cycloadditions
Authors: Wachter‐Jurcsak Nanette , Conlon Kimberly A.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Addition Reactions

Oxidation Reactions

Coupling Reactions

Dimerization Reactions

Preparation of Metal‐Polyene Complexes

Rearrangements
Reduction of Dienes and Polyenes
Authors: Tungler A. , Hegedüs L. , Fodor K. , Farkas G. , Fürcht Á. , Karancsi Zs. P.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Methods of Reduction

Reduction of Dienes and Polyenes with Different Structures
Catalysis of Diels–Alder Reactions in Water and in Hydrogen‐Bonding Environments
Authors: Wittkopp Alexander , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Aspects of Catalysis

Reactions in Water

Conclusions

Acknowledgements
Theoretical Aspects of Compounds ContainingSi,Ge,SnandPb
Authors: Karni Miriam , Apeloig Yitzhak , Kapp Jürgen , Schleyer Paul von R.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Periodic Trends in the Properties of Group 14 Elements

Theoretical Methods

Singly Bonded Compounds

Multiply‐Bonded Systems

Reactive Intermediates

Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgments
29Si NMR Experiments in Solutions of Organosilicon Compounds
Authors: Schraml Jan
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Basic Facts

Referencing

Solvent Effects

Sensitivity Enhancements

Line Assignments and Connectivity

Determination of Coupling Constants

Relaxations

Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE)

Miscellaneous

Common Mistakes and Pitfalls—Comments and Warnings

Acknowledgements
Silyl Radicals
Authors: Chatgilialoglu C. , Schiesser C.H.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Organosilyl Radical Structure, Reactions and Mechanisms

Organosilanes as Reagents in Radical Chain Reactions
Synthesis of Multiply Bonded Phosphorus Compounds Using Silylphosphines and Silylphosphides
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki , Toyota Kozo
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Survey of Silylphosphines and Alkali Metal Silylphosphides

Disilyl(2,4,6‐tri‐t‐Butylphenyl)Phosphines

Monosilyl(2,4,6‐tri‐t‐Butylphenyl)Phosphines

Alkali Metal Monosilyl(2,4,6‐tri‐t‐Butylphenyl) Phosphides

Phosphasilenes
Polysilanes: Conformations, Chromotropism and Conductivity
Authors: West Robert
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Conformations and Electronic Structure

Chromotropism

Electrical Conductivity

Acknowledgements
Nanostructured Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Solids from Molecules to Materials
Authors: Boury Bruno , Corriu Robert J. P.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Nanocomposites Versus Nanostructured Hybrid Materials

Synthesis of Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2). Some Aspects of Precursors and Gel Chemistry

Kinetic Control of the Solid's Characteristics of Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2)

Organization and Short‐Range Order in Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2)

Chemistry Inside the Architecture of the Hybrid Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2)

Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2) as Precursors for Porous Materials

Shaping of Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2)

Some Physical Properties of Nanostructured Organo‐PolysilsesquioxanesR′(SiO1.5)n(n ≥ 2)

General Summary
Polysiloles and Related Silole‐Containing Polymers
Authors: Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Tamao Kohei
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Electronic Structure of Silole

Synthetic Routes to Silole Monomers

Poly(2,5‐Silole)s

Silole‐Based π‐Conjugated Oligomers and Polymers

Poly(1,1‐Silole)s and Silole‐Containing Polysilanes

Other Silole‐Containing Polymers

Application to Organic Electroluminescent Devices

Conclusion
Polysilanols
Authors: Lickiss Paul D
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis of Polysilanols

Reactions of Polysilanols

Structural Studies of Silanols

Conclusions

Acknowledgements
Ion–Molecule Reactions of Silicon Cations
Authors: Fornarini Simonetta
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Reactions of the Silicon Ion,
Si
+•

Reactions of Hydrogen‐Containing Silacations,
Si

x

H

y

+•

Reactions of Halogen‐Containing Silacations

Reactions of
O
‐ and
S
‐Substituted Silacations

Reactions of
Si
C

x

H

y

+(•)
Ions

Reactions of Transition Metal‐Containing Silacations

Acknowledgments
Genesis and Evolution in the Chemistry of Organogermanium, Organotin and Organolead Compounds
Authors: Voronkov Mikhail G. , Abzaeva Klavdiya A.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Organogermanium Compounds

Organotin Compounds

Organolead Compounds

Conclusion
Theoretical Studies of Organic Germanium, Tin and Lead Compounds
Authors: Ganzer Inga , Hartmann Michael , Frenking Gernot
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Theoretical Methodology

Quantum Chemical Studies of Group‐14 Compounds

Closing Remarks

Acknowledgments
Further Advances in Germanium, Tin and LeadNMR
Authors: Marsmann Heinrich Chr. , Uhlig Frank
Published: December 2009

Introduction

GermaniumNMR

TinNMR

LeadNMR
Recent Advances in Acidity, Complexing, Basicity andH‐Bonding of Organo Germanium, Tin and Lead Compounds*In this chapter, full lines are used both for covalent chemical bonds as well as for partial bonds and for coordination.
Authors: Rienäcker Claudia M. , Klapötke Thomas M.
Published: December 2009

Outline

Introduction

Complexing, Acidity, Basicity andH‐Bonding

Acknowledgements
Structural Effects on Germanium, Tin and Lead Compounds
Authors: Charton Marvin
Published: December 2009

The Nature of Structural Effects

Electrical Effects

Steric Effects

Intermolecular Forces

Applications

The Validity of the Estimated Substituent Constants

Appendix. Supplementary Glossary
Radical Reaction Mechanisms of and at Organic Germanium, Tin and Lead
Authors: Taraban Marc B. , Volkova Olga S. , Kruppa Alexander I. , Leshina Tatyana V.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Spin Chemistry Tools—General Background

Reactions of Germanium and Tin Derivatives Containing the Element–Alkali Metal Bond

Phototransformations of the Organoelement α‐Ketones

Reactions of Unsaturated Organic Derivatives of Germanium, Tin and Lead

Reactions Involving Germylenes and Digermenes

Conclusion
Free and Complexed R
3
M
+
Cations (M = Ge, Sn, Pb)
Authors: Zharov Ilya , Michl Josef
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Preparation

Structure and Properties

Reactions

Related Species

Conclusions
Alkaline and Alkaline Earth Metal‐14 Compounds: Preparation, Spectroscopy, Structure and Reactivity
Authors: Riviere Pierre , Castel Annie , Riviere‐Baudet Monique
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Preparations

Spectroscopic and Structural Studies

Reactivities
Spectroscopic Studies and Quantum‐Chemical Calculations of Short‐Lived Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes
Authors: Boganov Sergey E. , Egorov Mikhail P. , Faustov Valery I. , Nefedov Oleg M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Electronic Transitions in Triatomic and Tetraatomic Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes

Electronic Spectra of Polyatomic Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes

Electronic Spectra of Intermolecular Complexes of Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes with Lewis Bases

Vibrational Spectra of Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes

Vibrational Spectra of Complexes of Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes with Lewis Bases

Microwave Spectra of Germylenes. Structures of Short‐Lived Carbene Analogs

Photoelectron Spectra, Ionization Energies, Electron Affinities and Redox Potentials of Germylenes, Stannylenes and Plumbylenes

Quantum‐Chemical Calculations

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Multiply Bonded Germanium, Tin and Lead Compounds
Authors: Tokitoh Norihiro , Okazaki Renji
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Heavier Congeners of Olefins

Heavier Congeners of Ketones

Heavier Congeners of Allenes

Outlook and Future
Unsaturated Three‐Membered Rings of Heavier Group 14 Elements
Authors: Lee Vladimir Ya. , Sekiguchi Akira
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Cyclotrimetallenes—Unsaturated Three‐Membered Rings of Heavier Group 14 Elements

Epilogue and Outlook

Acknowledgment
Cage Compounds of Heavier Group 14 Elements
Authors: Sekiguchi Akira , Lee Vladimir Ya.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Cage Compounds of Heavier Group 14 Elements: Tetrahedranes, Prismanes, Cubanes

Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgment
Hypervalent Compounds of Organic Germanium, Tin and Lead Derivatives
Authors: Baukov Yuri I. , Tandura Stanislav N.
Published: December 2009

Introduction and Outline

Self‐Associates

Pentacoordinate Anionic Compounds

Pentacoordinate Intermolecular Neutral Compounds

Pentacoordinate Intramolecular Neutral Germanium Compounds

Pentacoordinate Intramolecular Neutral Tin and Lead Compounds

Pentacoordinate Cationic Compounds

Hexacoordinate Anionic Compounds

Hexacoordinate Neutral Compounds

Hexacoordinate Cationic Tin Compounds

Acknowledgments
Transition Metal Complexes of Germanium, Tin and Lead
Authors: Sharma Hemant K. , Haiduc Ionel , Pannell Keith H.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Organogermanium Transition Metal Complexes

Organotin Transition Metal Complexes

Organolead Transition Metal Complexes
Synthetic Applications of Organic Germanium, Tin and Lead Compounds (ExcludingR3MH)
Authors: Fouquet Eric
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Nucleophilic Addition

Metal‐Catalysed Coupling Reactions

Free Radical Reactions

Transmetallation Reactions

Substitution Reactions
Organometallic Polymers of Germanium, Tin and Lead
Authors: Jurkschat Klaus , Mehring Michael
Published: December 2009

Scope and Limitations

Organometallic Polymers Containing Tin and Germanium in the Backbone

Polymer‐Supported Organotin and Organogermanium Compounds

Coordination Polymers of Organotin and Organolead Compounds
Biological Activity of Organogermanium Compounds
Authors: Lukevics Edmunds , Ignatovich Luba
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Toxicity

Neurotropic Activity

Cardiovascular Activity

Antitumor, Antiviral and Immunomodulating Activity

Radioprotective Activity

Miscellaneous Activities
General and Theoretical Aspects of Phenols
Authors: Nguyen Minh Tho , Kryachko Eugene S. , Vanquickenborne Luc G.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Molecular Structure and Bonding of Phenol

Structures and Properties of Substituted Phenols

Energetics of some Fundamental Processes

Hydrogen Bonding Abilities of Phenols

Open Theoretical Problems

Acknowledgements
Thermochemistry of Phenols and Related Arenols
Authors: Slayden Suzanne W. , Liebman Joel F.
Published: December 2009

Introduction: Scope and Definitions

Arenols

Arenediols

Arenetriols

Arenolquinones

Tautomeric Arenols
Gas Phase Chemistry of Organolithium Compounds
Authors: Denekamp Chagit
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Determination of Organolithium Complexes

Lithium Cation Affinity

Host–Guest Interaction and Supramolecular Assemblies

Cationization Mass Spectrometry

Acknowledgment
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Organolithium Compounds
Authors: Pavel I. , Kiefer W. , Stalke D.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Lithium Complexes of Saturated Hydrocarbons

Lithium Complexes of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Other Organolithium Compounds

Polylithium Compounds

Conclusion
Effects of Structural Variation on Organolithium Compounds
Authors: Charton Marvin
Published: December 2009

The Nature of Structural Effects

Electrical Effects

Steric Effects

Intermolecular Forces

Properties of the Group 1 Elements

Applications

Appendix Glossary
Arene‐Catalyzed Lithiation
Authors: Yus Miguel
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Mechanistic Aspects

Organolithiums by Halogen–Lithium Exchange

Organolithiums from Acyclic Nonhalogenated Materials

Functionalized Organolithium Compounds by Halogen–Lithium or Sulfur–Lithium Exchange

Ring Opening of Heterocycles

Polylithium Synthons

Activation of other Metals

Other Methodologies

The Polymer‐Supported Version

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Rearrangements of Organolithium Compounds
Authors: Tomooka Katsuhiko
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Rearrangements of Organolithiums
Lithium Carbenoids
Authors: Braun Manfred
Published: December 2009

Introduction

General Reactivity and Structure Investigations

Lithium Carbenoids as Reactive Intermediates in Synthesis

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Addition of Organolithium Reagents to Double Bonds
Authors: Yamataka Hiroshi , Yamada K. , Tomioka K.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

RLi
Aggregation and Kinetics

Li
Enolate Aggregation and Kinetics

Mechanism and Reaction Pathways

Product Selectivity—Addition
vs
. Reduction

Theoretical Calculations

Diastereoface Discriminating Addition to Acceptors Having a Chiral Auxiliary

Reactions Mediated by an External Chiral Ligand

Application to Asymmetric Syntheses of Biologically Active Compounds

Conclusion
Asymmetric Deprotonation with Alkyllithium–(−)‐Sparteine
Authors: Hoppe Dieter , Christoph Guido
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Non‐Mesomerically Stabilized Organolithium Compounds

(−)‐Sparteine‐Induced Lithiation with Formation of Benzyl‐Type Organolithiums

Allyllithium–(−)‐Sparteine Complexes

Lithium–(−)‐Sparteine Complexes of 2‐Alkynyl Carbamates

Axial–Chiral and Planar–Chiral Lithium–(−)‐Sparteine Complexes

Enantioselective Addition of Achiral Carbanionic Compounds in the Presence of (−)‐Sparteine
Reactivity of Oxiranes with Organolithium Reagents
Authors: Chemla Fabrice , Vrancken Emmanuel
Published: December 2009

General Introduction

α‐/β‐Deprotonation

β‐Deprotonation

Oxirane Ring Opening by Organolithium Reagents

Synthesis and Reactivity of Lithiooxiranes

General Conclusion

Acknowledgments
Thermochemistry of Cyclobutane and Its Derivatives
Authors: Liebman Joel F. , Slayden Suzanne W.
Published: December 2009

Introduction, Scope and Definitions

Ring‐Strain Energies of Cyclic Compounds

Hydrocarbon Substituents

Nitrogen‐Containing Substituents

Oxygen‐Containing Substituents

Halogenated Cyclobutanes and Cyclobutenes

Polycyclic Compounds Containing Cyclobutane

Aromatic Species and Four‐Membered Rings
Mass Spectrometry and Gas‐Phase Ion Chemistry of Cyclobutanes
Authors: Kuck Dietmar
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Gaseous Cations Derived from Cyclobutanes: Thermochemistry of Some Typical Species and Reactions

Unimolecular Fragmentation Reactions of Cyclobutane Radical Cations and Selected Derivatives

Alternative Ionization Methods

Conclusion

Acknowledgements
Synthesis of Cyclobutanes
Authors: Lee‐Ruff E.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

[2 + 2] Cycloadditions

Ring Expansion of Cyclopropylcarbinyl Precursors

1,4‐Cyclization of Acyclic Substrates

Cyclobutanes fromC3andC1Building Blocks

Other Methods

Acknowledgments
The Application of Cyclobutane Derivatives in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Fu Nan‐Yan , Chan Siu‐Hin
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Ring Opening by Acids, Bases, Electrophiles or Nucleophiles

Thermal Ring Opening

Oxidative and Reductive Ring Opening

Miscellaneous Ring Openings

Acknowledgment
Cyclobutyl, Cyclobutyl‐Substituted and Related Carbocations
Authors: Siehl Hans‐Ullrich
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Cyclobutyl Cations [C4H7]+and Substituted Cyclobutyl Cations [C4H6R]+

Substituted Cyclobutyl Carbocations

NMRSpectroscopic and Computational Investigations of Substituted Cyclobutyl Cations

Cyclobutenyl and Cyclobutadienyl Carbocations

Cyclobutyl‐Substituted Carbocations

Conclusion
Highly Unsaturated Cyclobutane Derivatives
Authors: Johnson Richard P.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

1,3‐Cyclobutadiene

Butalene Chemistry

OtherC4H4Isomers

More Highly UnsaturatedC4Structures

Heterocyclic Analogs

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Cyclobutarenes§Dedicated to Professor Yitzhak Apeloig on the occasion of his 60thbirthday.
Authors: Stanger Amnon
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Preparation of Benzocyclobutenes

Reactions of Benzocyclobutenes

Structural Aspects

Benzocyclobutadienes and Phenylenes

Acknowledgments
Photochemistry of Cyclobutanes: Synthesis and Reactivity
Authors: Horspool William M.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Cycloaddition Reactions Involving Alkenes

Cycloaddition Reactions Involving Dienes and Trienes

Cycloadditions of Enones and Related Compounds

Photochemistry of Ketones

Cage Compounds

Cyclobutane Ring Opening Reactions
Chemistry of Cubane and Other Prismanes
Authors: Bashir‐Hashemi A. , Higuchi Hiroyuki
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis of Prismanes

Physical and Structural Properties of Prismanes

Chemical Reactivities of Prismanes

Properties of Cation, Radical and Anion Species of Cubane

Functionalization of Cubanes

Nitrocubanes

Transformation of Cubanes to other Cage Systems

Properties of Propellaprismanes

Toward Hexaprismane

Acknowledgment
Bicyclo[2.1.0]pentanes and Bicyclo[2.2.0]hexanes
Authors: Carpenter Barry K.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis

Physical Properties

Chemical Reactions
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers asUV‐InducedDNALesions
Authors: Friedel Marcus G. , Gierlich Johannes , Carell Thomas
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis of Uracil and ThymineCPDSas the Basis for the Development of Model Compounds

CPDCleavage Investigations

Investigations with Covalently Linked Model Compounds

Synthesis of Uracil and ThymineCPDPhosphoramidite Building Blocks111

CPDLesions Embedded inDNA

Acknowledgment
Cubanes, Fenestranes, Ladderanes, Prismanes, Staffanes and Other Oligocyclobutanoids
Authors: Hopf Henning , Liebman Joel F. , Perks H. Mark
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Preparation of Oligocyclobutanoid Systems

From Rigid to Flexible Oligo‐ and Polymeric Cyclobutanes
Organolithiums as Useful Synthetic Intermediates for Tandem Reactions
Authors: Vázquez Alvaro J. , de Waisbaum Raquel G. , Sbarbati Nudelman Norma
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Functionalized Chains

Carbocyclic Compounds

Heterocycles

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Intramolecular Carbolithiation Reactions
Authors: Fañanás Francisco J. , Sanz Roberto
Published: December 2009

Introduction

General Aspects of Intramolecular Carbolithiation Reactions

Carbolithiation Reaction of Unsaturated Alkyllithiums

Carbolithiation Reaction of Unsaturated Vinyllithiums and Aryllithiums

Conclusions

Acknowledgements
Structure and Dynamics of Chiral Lithium Amides
Authors: Hilmersson Göran , Granander Johan
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Basic Structures of Lithium Amides—Aggregates andNMRStudies

Chiral Lithium Amides—Structures

Mixed Aggregates

Dynamics of Organolithium Compounds
Chiral Lithium Amides in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Pettersen Daniel , Amedjkouh Mohamed , Ahlberg Per
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Chiral Lithium Amides in Asymmetric Synthesis

Common Chiral Lithium Amides and Substrates
The Lithium Metal Reduction of π‐Conjugated Hydrocarbons and Fullerenes
Authors: Aprahamian Ivan , Rabinovitz Mordecai
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Different Means for Gaining Stability

Chemical Reactions of Lithium Salts

Lithium‐Reduced Cyclophanes

Reduction of Polycyclic Bowls—The Case of Corannulene

Other Supramolecular Dimers with Lithium

Lithium Reduction of Fullerenes—Reduced Polycyclic Balls

Picotube—A Simple Model of Nanotubes

Per‐Arylated Benzenes—Towards Extended Polycycles

Solid StateNMR
Aspects of the Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Lithium Enolates
Authors: Valnot Jean‐Yves , Maddaluno Jacques
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis of Lithium Enolates

Structure of Lithium Enolates

Reactivity of Lithium Enolates
Chemistry of Ketone Dilithio Dianions
Authors: Ryu Ilhyong , Nakahira Hiroyuki
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Methods for the Generation of Ketone Dilithio Dianions

Reactions of Ketone Dilithio Dianions
General and Theoretical Aspects of the Peroxide Group
Authors: Bach Robert D.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Background and Historical Perspective

Bond Dissociation Energies of Selected Peroxo Compounds

The Chemistry of Peroxynitrous Acid

The Chemistry of Dioxiranes

The Epoxidation of Alkenes with Peracids

Oxygen Atom Transfer from Selected Hydroperoxides

Miscellaneous Oxygen Transfer Reactions

Acknowledgments
The Structural Chemistry of Acyclic Organic Peroxides
Authors: Hartung Jens , Svoboda Ingrid
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Basic Principles

Organic Peroxy Compounds

Polyoxo Compounds

Natural Products

Concluding Remarks
Synthesis of Cyclic Peroxides
Authors: Korshin Edward E. , Bachi Mario D.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Synthesis of 1,2‐Dioxolanes, 1,2‐Dioxanes and Related Endoperoxides

Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Trioxanes
Analytical and Safety Aspects of Organic Peroxides and Related Functional Groups
Authors: Zabicky Jacob
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Hydrogen Peroxide

Oxidation Indices

Hydroperoxides

Peroxyacids and their Functional Derivatives

Dialkyl Peroxides

Ozonides

Miscellaneous Functions Bearing theOOGroup

Safety Issues

Acknowledgments
Selective Formation of Allylic HydroperoxidesviaSinglet OxygeneneReaction
Authors: Orfanopoulos Michael , Vougioukalakis Georgios C. , Stratakis Manolis
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Regioselective Formation of Allylic Hydroperoxides

Diastereoselective Formation of Allylic Hydroperoxides

Selective Formation of Allylic Hydroperoxides by Dye‐Sensitized Intrazeolite Photooxygenation

Synthetic Applications

Perspectives

Acknowledgements
Polar Effects in Decomposition of Peroxidic Compounds and Related Reactions
Authors: Kim Sung Soo
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Temperature Studies on the Rates of the Homolytic and Related Reactions

Conclusion

Acknowledgments
Transition Metal Peroxides. Synthesis and Role in Oxidation Reactions*Dedicated, on the occasion of his 80th birthday, to our ‘vitae ac studiorum magister in secunda et in adversa fortuna’ Emeritus Professor Giorgio Modena, Padova University, who showed us the way toward Chemistry.
Authors: Conte Valeria , Bortolini Olga
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Limitations and Scope

Synthesis and Structural Characterization

Reactivity

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Contemporary Dioxirane Chemistry: Epoxidations, Heteroatom Oxidations and
CH
Insertions*Dedicated to Professor George R. Negrete of the University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA).
Authors: Adam Waldemar , Zhao Cong‐Gui
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Chemical Reactivity

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Chemiluminescence of Organic Peroxides*The authors dedicate this chapter to the late Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Cilento (Universidade de São Paulo), whose untimely demise in 1994 saddened everyone who knew him as an excellent scientist and outstanding human being. This chapter is also dedicated to Prof. Waldemar Adam (Universität Würzburg, now ‘retired’ in Puerto Rico), who was directly or indirectly responsible for the research interests of the authors.
Authors: Baader Wilhelm J. , Stevani C. V. , Bastos Erick L.
Published: December 2009

Historical Introduction

Basic Principles of Chemiluminescence

Classification of Chemiluminescent Reactions

Methods in Chemiluminescence Research

General Mechanisms in Organic Chemiluminescence

High‐Efficiency Organic Chemiluminescent Reactions Involving Peroxide Intermediates

Acknowledgments
BiomimeticFe(II) Chemistry and Synthetic Studies on Antimalarial and Antitumour Endoperoxides
Authors: O'Neill Paul M. , Chadwick James , Rawe Sarah L.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Endoperoxide‐Containing Antimalarials

The Role of Iron

The Biological Targets of Antimalarial Endoperoxides

Semi‐Synthetic Artemisinin Derivatives

Synthetic Endoperoxides

Antimalarial Activities of Synthetic Endoperoxide Antimalarials

Endoperoxide Containing Compounds with Antitumour Activity
The Reaction Mechanisms of Zinc Enzymes
Authors: Schürer Gudrun , Clark Timothy , van Eldik Rudi
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Structural Aspects

General Reaction Mechanisms

A Number of Enzymes

Acknowledgment
Structural Organozinc Chemistry
Authors: Jastrzebski Johann T. B. H. , Boersma Jaap , van Koten Gerard
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Organozincates

Dialkyl‐ and Diarylzinc Compounds

HeterolepticRZnYCompounds

Organozinc Compounds Containing a Zinc–Transition Metal Bond

Conclusions
67ZnNMR, a Tool for Coordination Chemistry Problems
Authors: Coutsolelos Athanassios G. , Spyroulias Georgios A.
Published: December 2009

Introduction

1Hand13CNMRSpectroscopy of Organometallic Compounds

67ZnNMRSpectroscopy of Organometallic Compounds and Biomacromolecules

Theoretical Introduction and Technical Difficulties

Solid‐StateNMR

Interest for Bioinorganic Chemistry

Interest for Material–Solid‐State Chemistry

Applications
Dynamic Behavior of Organozinc Compounds
Authors: Guijarro Albert
Published: December 2009

Introduction

Dynamics of CarbonZinc Bond Exchange:
C

Zn
Exchange

Dynamics of Inversion at Carbon Bonded to Zinc:
C

Zn
Inversion

Appendix