bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tomographic retrieval algorithm of OH concentration profiles using double spatial heterodyne spectrometers
Authors: An Yuan , Ma Jinji , Gao Yibo , Xiong Wei , Wang Xianhua
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The hydroxyl radical (OH) determines the capability of atmospheric
self-cleansing and is one of the significant oxidants in atmospheric
photochemistry reactions. Global OH has been monitored by
satellites with the traditional limb mode in the past decades. This
observed mode can achieve the acquisition of high-resolution vertical OH data but cannot
obtain enough horizontal OH data for inverting high-precision OH
concentrations because OH has a high reactivity that makes OH
concentrations extremely low and distributions complicated. The double
spatial heterodyne spectrometer (DSHS) is designed to obtain higher-resolution and more detailed OH data. This sensor can measure OH
by the three-dimensional limb mode to obtain comprehensive OH data
in the atmosphere. Here we propose a new tomographic retrieval algorithm based on the simulated observation data because the DSHS will
work officially on the orbit in the future. We build up an accurate
forward model. The main part of it is the SCIATRAN radiative transfer
model which is modified according to the radiation transmission
theory. The error in results obtained by the forward model is ±44.30 % in the lower atmosphere such as at a 21 km height and
decreases gradually until the limit of observation altitude. We also
construct the tomographic retrieval algorithm of which the core is a
lookup table method. A tomographic-observation database is built up
through the atmospheric model, the spatial information (the position
of the target area and satellite position), the date parameters, the
observation geometries, OH concentrations, and simulated observation
data. The OH concentrations can be found from it directly. If there
are no corresponding query conditions in the tomographic-observation
database, the cubic spline interpolation is used to obtain the OH
concentrations. The inversion results are given, and the errors in them
increase as the altitudes rise until about a 41 km height then
start to decrease. The errors in the inversion results reach the
maximum of about ±25.03 % at the 41 km height and decrease to
±8.09 % at the limited observation height. They are also
small in the lower atmosphere at ±12.96 % at 21 km. In summary, the tomographic retrieval algorithm can obtain more accurate OH concentrations even in the lower
atmosphere where the OH data are not high quality and avoids the setting of
initial guess values for solving the iteration problems. Our research
not only provides support for the scientific theory of the construction of the
DSHS but also gives a new retrieval algorithm idea for other
radicals.
Radiation model for the Baltic Sea with an explicit CDOM state
variable: a case study with Model ERGOM (version 1.2)
Authors: Neumann Thomas , Koponen Sampsa , Attila Jenni , Brockmann Carsten , Kallio Kari , Kervinen Mikko , Mazeran Constant , Müller Dagmar , Philipson Petra , Thulin Susanne , Väkevä Sakari , Ylöstalo Pasi
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in marine environments impacts primary production due to its absorption effect on the photosynthetically active radiation. In coastal seas, CDOM originates from terrestrial sources predominantly and causes spatial and temporal changing patterns of light absorption which should be considered in marine biogeochemical models. We propose a model approach in which Earth Observation (EO) products are used to define boundary conditions of CDOM concentrations in an ecosystem model of the Baltic Sea. CDOM concentrations in riverine water derived from EO products serve as forcing for the ecosystem model. For this reason, we introduced an explicit CDOM state variable in the model. We show that the light absorption by CDOM in the model can be improved considerably compared to traditional approaches where, e.g., CDOM is estimated from salinity. A prerequisite is high quality CDOM data with sufficiently high spatial resolution which can be provided by the new generation of ESA satellite sensor systems (Sentinel 2 MSI and Sentinel 3 OLCI).
Satellite observations of snowfall regimes over the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: McIlhattan Elin A. , Pettersen Claire , Wood Norman B. , L'Ecuyer Tristan S.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is decreasing due to increasing surface melt and ice dynamics. Snowfall both adds mass to the GrIS and has the capacity to reduce surface melt by increasing surface brightness, reflecting additional solar radiation back to space. Modeling the GrIS’s current and future mass balance and potential contribution to future sea level rise requires reliable observational benchmarks for current snowfall accumulation as well as robust connections between individual snowfall events and the large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns that produce them. Previous work using ground-based observations showed that, for one research station on the GrIS, two distinct snowfall regimes exist: those associated with exclusively ice-phase cloud processes (IC) and those involving mixed-phase processes indicated by the presence of supercooled liquid water (CLW). The two regimes have markedly different accumulation characteristics and dynamical drivers. This study leverages the synergy between two satellite instruments, CloudSat's Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and CALIPSO's Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), to identify snowfall cases over the full GrIS and partition them into the IC and CLW regimes. We find that, overall, most CPR observations of snowfall over the GrIS come from IC events (70 %); however, during the summer months, close to half of the snow observed is produced in CLW events (45 %). IC snowfall plays a dominant role in adding mass to the GrIS, producing ∼ 80 % of the total estimated 399 Gt yr−1 accumulation. Beyond the cloud phase that defines the snowfall regimes, the macrophysical cloud characteristics are distinct as well; the mean IC geometric cloud depth (∼ 4 km) is deeper than the CLW geometric cloud depth (∼ 2 km), consistent with previous studies based on surface observations. Two-dimensional histograms of the vertical distribution of CPR reflectivities show that IC events demonstrate consistently increasing reflectivity toward the surface while CLW events do not. Analysis of ERA5 reanalyses shows that IC events are associated with cyclone activity and CLW events generally occur under large-scale anomalously high geopotential heights over the GrIS. When combined with future climate predictions, this snapshot of GrIS snowfall characteristics may shed light on how this source of ice sheet mass might respond to changing synoptic patterns in a warming climate.
Life in the suburbs: artificial heat source selection for nocturnal thermoregulation in a diurnally active tropical lizard
Authors: Amadi NioKing , Belema Robert , Obodo Chukwu Harrison , Dendi Daniele , Chidinma Amuzie , Meek Roger , Luiselli Luca
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The rapid expansion of urban environments invariably presents a novel series of pressures on wildlife due to changes in external environmental factors. In reptiles, any such changes in temperature are critical since thermoregulation is the key driver in the function of many physiological processes. How reptiles adapt to such changes may vary from those species that are impacted negatively to others that have the behavioural flexibility to exploit new conditions. In this paper we describe retreat site selection, movements and aspects of the thermal ecology of the African lizard Agama agama in urban environments of West Africa. In early evening lizards began movement from late-afternoon core activity areas and ascended the walls of houses for overnight retreats. A high proportion retreated to locations in groups under or on top of warm electrical panels. The thermal potential these panels offered was the attainment of body temperatures equal to or higher than the minimum preferred body temperature (PBT ≈ 36 ∘C in A. agama) and hence increased physiological performance. The lizards that took advantage of the heat sources travelled further each day to and from diurnal activity areas than individuals that spent the night high on walls but not next to heat panels. There were both potential costs (enhanced predation pressures) and benefits (impacts on thermal ecology, retreat site selection) of this behaviour for lizards living in urban environments.
Time, Money, and Race: Simone de Beauvoir on American Abstraction
Authors: Mussett Shannon M.
Published: December 2020

In 1947, Simone de Beauvoir traveled to the United States for a four-month stay, during which she toured the country extensively. Her copious notes taken during this time eventually became the travelogue, America Day by Day (L’Amérique au jour le jour) as well as a piece written for the May 25, 1947 edition of the New York Times Magazine, “An Existentialist Looks at Americans.” In both of these writings, Beauvoir offers an astute criticism of American culture from a foreign perspective.This paper explores Beauvoir’s treatment of American abstraction and race with three goals in mind: first, to understand the American relationship to time and money as abstractions. Ignoring the past and projecting an idealistic (but ultimately vacuous) future, leads to a strange kind of fatalism and lack of passion that profoundly impacts White and Black Americans but in distinctively different ways. The second part of the paper explores these differences through an analysis of how White Americans attempt to live with “good” consciences through the positing of and attachment to abstract values and things. This attitude, in turn, produces a largely instrumental and racist treatment of many populations, in particular, Black Americans. The final section focuses on how Beauvoir confronts the fact of her own whiteness, and in so doing undergoes the movement of race as an abstract theoretical category to one of lived embodiment.
Reconciling Locke’s Consciousness-Based Theory of Personal Identity and His Soteriology
Authors: Lucci Diego
Published: December 2020

This article maintains that Locke’s consciousness-based theory of personal identity, which Locke expounded in book 2, chapter 27 of the second edition of An Essay concerning Human Understanding (1694), perfectly fits with his views on the resurrection of the dead, the Last Judgment, and salvation. The compatibility of Locke’s theory of personal identity with his soteriology has been questioned by Udo Thiel and Galen Strawson. These two authors have claimed that Locke’s emphasis on repentance, which he described as necessary to salvation in The Reasonableness of Christianity (1695), clashes with his notion of punishment as annexed to personality and, hence, to consciousness. Pace Thiel and Strawson, I argue that Locke’s theory of personal identity is compatible with his concept of repentance. To this purpose, I first explain Locke’s views on the soul’s death and the resurrection of the dead on Judgment Day, when, according to Locke, we will all be raised from death by divine miracle, but only the repentant faithful will be admitted to eternal bliss while the wicked will be annihilated. Locke’s mortalism, along with his agnosticism on the ontological constitution of thinking substances or souls, played a role in his formulation of a non-substantialist account of personal identity, because it denied the temporal continuity of the soul between physical death and resurrection and it rejected the resurrection of the same body. I then analyze Locke’s consciousness-based theory of personal identity, with a focus on the implications of this theory regarding moral accountability. Finally, I turn my attention to Thiel’s and Strawson’s considerations about Locke’s views on consciousness and repentance. To prove that Locke’s views on salvation are consistent with his theory of personal identity, I clarify Locke’s soteriology, which describes not only repentance, but also obedience, faith, and the conscientious study of Scripture as necessary to salvation.
La evolución de la propaganda de la Generalitat de Cataluña durante la Guerra Civil
Authors: Boquera Diago Ester , Medina Cambrón Alfons
Published: December 2020

Este artículo reconstruye y analiza la actividad del Comisariado de Propaganda (Comissariat de Propaganda), órgano oficial que la Generalitat de Catalunya creó con el inicio de la Guerra Civil situando al político y periodista Jaume Miravitlles al frente. Se definen tres etapas comunicativo-persuasivas y, a partir de unos puntos de inflexión, se analiza la evolución de su propaganda. Concluye definiendo su modelo persuasivo con una propaganda poco partidista, muy segmentada para ganar en eficacia, con una forma híbrida de persuasión que combina la propaganda masiva con otra dirigida a los líderes de opinión, y la planificación de campañas de propaganda y contrapropaganda, e incluso de acciones paradiplomáticas.
La Guerra Civil española y sus consecuencias: representaciones de la represión en la infancia a través de la cinematografía (2000-2019)
Authors: Ruiz Muñoz María Jesús , Corral-Rey María-Nieves , Ruiz-del-Olmo Francisco-Javier
Published: December 2020

La herencia del dramático conflicto bélico que se sustanció en la Guerra Civil española dejó una profunda huella en las generaciones más jóvenes. Este trabajo sobre las formas de represión hacia los menores españoles a raíz de la contienda se desarrolla a través del estudio de la representación cinematográfica, entendiendo el cine como documento social y cultural histórico. Para ello se han seleccionado, clasificado y analizado una serie de filmes que funcionan como estudio de casos que singularmente ejemplifican temáticas y formas de represión a niños, niñas y adolescentes. Mediante una metodología mixta y a través del análisis de contenido, se han identificado una serie de claves en  torno a la representación de la violencia física, psicológica y moral ejercida en este contexto.
La Guerra Civil Española en la percepción de la literatura alemana de 1936 a 1939. Entre la vida y la literatura
Authors: Corvo María Jesús , Barsanti María Jesús
Published: December 2020

La Guerra Civil Española ha sido un tema muy importante en Alemania, ya desde los mismos años de la guerra. En su literatura se ha reflejado en numerosas obras de autores de diversas ideologías. El interés de este trabajo descansa en las publicadas en alemán durante los años del conflicto. En primer lugar, se determina cuales fueron; configuran un conjunto de obras diversas que se mueven entre los límites de la novela y el reportaje. En segundo lugar, se presenta el estudio de una selección ilustrativa de seis de ellas y se muestra la representatividad de las obras testimoniales de los autores simpatizantes con el bando republicano
La Tarde: 51 años de periodismo y censura en España (1927-1978)".
Authors: Zurita José Luis
Published: December 2020

La censura fue una ingrata compañera de viaje durante la mayor parte de la vida del periódico La Tarde (Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1 de octubre de 1927 - 29 de marzo de 1982), pues estuvo presente durante las dictaduras de los generales Miguel Primo de Rivera y Francisco Franco e, incluso, Segunda República. En consonancia con su ideario liberal, padeció el azote continuo de la censura previa, multas y no pocas reprimendas por parte de la autoridad gubernativa, especialmente durante el Franquismo, con quien evitó enfrentarse a la clara por una simple razón de supervivencia. Tras 55 años de historia, La Tarde cerró, pero su herencia impresa nos recuerda que, pese a las injerencias políticas, el buen periodismo es posible
Jaque al Rey, juego de héroe: Vicente Blasco Ibáñez desde París, entre la heroificación y la República
Authors: Laguna Platero Antonio , Andreu Martínez Gallego Francesc-
Published: December 2020

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, fundador de uno de los movimientos republicanos más importantes de la España del primer tercio del siglo XX, fue elevado en vida a la categoría de héroe y símbolo del republicanismo. El gran novelista, periodista y político, utilizó ese carisma para lanzar un feroz ataque contra la monarquía de Alfonso XIII y contra la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera a partir de 1923. Lo hizo con la ayuda de su secretario Carlos Esplá y a través de la prensa y los folletos sarcásticos. La influencia de estos papeles contribuyó, a su vez, a la glorificación republicana de Blasco tras la proclamación de la Segunda República Española
Mujeres y pensamiento político a través de la prensa feminista: el caso de des femmes en mouvements
Authors: Menéndez Menéndez María Isabel
Published: December 2020

Este artículo analiza el pensamiento político y el contexto histórico de una revista feminista, des femmes en mouvements, vinculada al Mouvement de Libération des Femmes (MLF) en los años 70 en Francia. Impulsada por el influyente colectivo Politique et psychanalyse, a lo largo de su existencia publicó contenidos de importancia para el movimiento y la reflexión feministas y reportajes sobre la situación política y social de las mujeres en muchos lugares del mundo. Fue un espacio de encuentro para militantes y activistas, un foro para el debate sobre derechos y luchas femeninas y un ágora donde exponer las inquietudes políticas y artísticas de las mujeres de la época. En sus páginas también se dieron cita nombres de la talla de Hélène Cixous, Kate Millett o Lidia Falcón entre otras.
La Historia y la Comunicación Social en los estudios del mundo del trabajo
Authors: Lemiez Griselda
Published: December 2020

En el siguiente artículo rescataremos la importancia de la prensa y de las imágenes vinculadas a los trabajadores, como fuentes necesarias para estudiar y reconstruir la historia local. Analizaremos cómo, desde una perspectiva particular y utilizando una fuente novedosa, podemos acceder al estudio de otras realidades, incorporando las voces de diferentes actores sociales. Buscaremos acercarnos al complejo y a la vez interesante mundo de las imágenes y ver cuál es la información que estas fuentes nos brindan al momento de utilizarlas en las investigaciones y complementarlas con otras fuentes.
Cardiac Complications in Patients with COVID-19: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Maier Suellen Rodrigues de Oliveira , Rodrigues João Paulo Ferreira , Sudré Mayara Rocha Siqueira , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti
Published: December 2020

Objective: To verify, based on the literature, what the main cardiac complications are in patients with COVID-19, during treatment in a hospital unit. Materials and methods: An integrative review, carried out by searching for studies in eight national and international databases. The final sample consisted of 16 studies published between January and May 2020, which were subjected to structural evaluation by the following instruments: Case Report Guidelines, for case reports; and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, for observational studies. Results: The main cardiac complications were predominantly obstructive events, herein understood as acute myocardial infarction, followed by severe arrhythmic conditions and heart failure, all due to the hyperinflammation condition resulting from viral infection. Conclusions: The knowledge about cardiac complications during COVID-19 treatment has become important, since it can collaborate for the adoption of more effective treatment protocols and guide the assistance offered by health professionals, in order to identify such complications and intervene early.
Conceptual Study on Socio-Economic Impact of the Decline in Firm Performances of Hotels in Sri Lanka
Authors: Nagendrakumar Nagalingam , Lokeshwara Anuja Akalanka , Jayasuriya Karanasuriya Ragalage Ganguli Thamodya , Ravisara Hewissa Gamage Anuradha Malith , Weerawickrama Matheesha Jeewantha , Madushan Madawala Gamage Dhanushka
Published: December 2020

The study aims to determine the socio-economic impact of the decline in firm performances of hotels in Sri Lanka. Evidence from previous research found that 91% of the hotels listed in the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) were in the distress zone and this study aims to fill the prevailing knowledge gap by determining the socio-economic impact of this decline. The study will be conducted using a sample of 33 hotels listed under the consumer services sector of the CSE, by considering the firm performance as the independent variable while the dependent variable is the socio-economic impact. The firm size was considered as the moderating variable. Indicators such as Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA) and occupancy rate derived from annual reports and other publications was used to measure firm performance while several indicators derived from statistical reports published by the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) and Central Bank will be used to measure socio-economic impact. The research will be conducted during a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2019. Findings from the research will contribute to the existing literature on the assessment of socio-economic impacts and are beneficial to a variety of stakeholders such as hotel managers, government, tourist development authorities and upcoming researchers.
Prospects and Challenges in Creating Metro-Governments: The Case of Metro-Vigan Initiative in the Philippines
Authors: ISOLANA JACK B.
Published: December 2020

Local problems that go beyond jurisdictional boundaries such as; traffic congestions, pollution, garbage collection and disposal, environmental degradation, flooding, criminalities, pandemic, and other public health issues are readily seen and felt in urban areas today. To effectively address these inter-local problems, the establishment of metropolitan organizations has become a necessity. One of the primary functions of metro government is to manage the affairs of urban growth particularly in addressing the problems that go beyond the geographical boundaries of local governments. As a developmental strategy among adjacent local government units, metropolization requires a rules-based approach in order to effectively govern and address inter-local government problems and concerns.The common issues that metro governments deal with include urban growth areas development, controlling urban sprawl and its effects like pollution, solid waste disposal, traffic congestion and others. The rationale behind setting-up a single authority among local government units is to deal with inter-local concerns which cannot be efficiently and effectively addressed by disjointed actions of individual local government.The study looked into the state of inter-local relations among the eight component-local government units of the Metro Vigan Coordinating Council (MVCC). It identifies the common problems that transcend the geographical boundaries of the local government units as well as the common development potentials that can be optimized through inter-local cooperation. It highlighted the legal, institutional, and financial challenges of the Metro-Vigan initiative, and offers recommendation to deepen and broaden the inter-local cooperation.
China’s Aid and Smart Power in Africa: A Different Partnership and Cooperation Model
Authors: Bayala Viviane , Badiane Kemo
Published: December 2020

Essentially based on the analysis of documentary and oral sources collected in libraries and from networks, this paper reexamines the Chinese approach in the field of development aid. It is based on the premise that the Chinese aid policy in Africa combines realism and idealism to reach its foreign policy goals in Africa, and this singularity is firmly rooted in old-fashioned principles stemming from the Chinese strategic culture. To show this assertion is relevant, the article includes three sections. The first section analyzes the cultural principles which determine the Chinese foreign policy as a whole; whereas the last two sections explain their relevance on the realist and idealist dimensions of China’s aid policy in Africa. Finally, we discuss the implications of China’s approach in the field of development aid.
Outsourced Services, Supervision of Contracts and Labor Liabilities: Case Study UNIR From 2015 to 2019
Authors: Helfenstein Aline Cristina , Neis Douglas Fernando Batista , Folador Flávia Regina Alves de Hungria , Arenas Marlene Valério dos Santos , Reis Rafael Vicente Martins dos , Paim Francisco Alexandre Belinassi
Published: December 2020

This article aims to identify the monetary amounts spent by Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), with Labor Court due to administrative failures during the supervision of outsourced service contracts. It is a case study, with qualitative research, with documentary analysis of the decisions, sentences and judgments delivered in the processes. After the analysis of 68 (sixty-eight) cases in which UNIR appeared in the passive pole, categories were identified for the classification of the cases. It was found that there was a reduction in the number of lawsuits against UNIR after the Labor Reform and 21 (twenty-one) lawsuits were identified in which UNIR was ordered to pay labor indemnities or the contracted companies signed labor agreements, causing the public agency to be obliged to make payments through Small Value Requests (RPV), or Precatories, deriving from failures in internal controls and management contracts at Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR).
Evaluation the Recurrence Risk of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) after Serum βhCG Normalization
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Azar , Moghaddam Elham Karimi , Shafieyan Elahe
Published: December 2020

Background: Although many GTN patients can be treated with chemotherapy, a small proportion of them will relapse after complete recovery. To the best of our knowledge, there is not any information in respect of relapsed GTN cases in our region. In the current study we have aimed to evaluation of the recurrence risk of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) after serum βhCG normalization Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on registered hospital data of patients with confirmed GTN diagnosis following molar pregnancy who admitted to the gynecology ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital between 2011 and 2017. Patients with diagnosis of postmolar GTN, based on at least five bhcg measurements was included. Patients information including initial level of serum BhcG, time to Bhcg resolution, types of molar pregnancy, treatment protocols, need to recuretage relapse, and finally, the period time between bhcg resolution to relapse were evaluated. Results: In the present study, 239 patients with GTN (including 180 complete and 59 partial moles) were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 28.8 years, ranging from 16 to 47 years. The mean βhCG concentration was 170,000 IU/ml (ranged 760 to 850,000). The mean time of βhCG resolution was 8.19 months in the range of 4 to 12 months. Recurrence was observed in 9 patients (3.7%). The mean period time between βhCG resolution to relapse was 20.94 months. The mean initial level of βhCG was significantly lower in patients with recurrence (p <0.0001). The highest recurrence rate was seen in those receiving multiple-drug chemotherapy. There was also a significant relationship between disease stage and recurrence rate. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that although the recurrence of GTN is relatively low, given the poor prognosis of these patients, continuous evaluation of bHCG levels for at least two years is essential to prevent disease progression.
Tuchtrecht voor de gezondheidszorg – startpunt voor een schadeclaim?
Authors: Rowel-van der Linde J.M.
Published: December 2020

Tuchtrecht voor de Gezondheidszorg – startpunt voor een schadeclaim?

Deze bijdrage betreft het wettelijk tuchtrecht, gebaseerd op de Wet op de beroepen in de individuele gezondheidszorg, Wet BIG.
‘Ik werk alsof het stiekem wordt opgenomen’
Authors: Peters F.Th.
Published: December 2020

‘Ik werk alsof het stiekem wordt opgenomen’

In letselschadezaken wordt steeds vaker de stap naar de tuchtrechter gemaakt. Bij de vraag wat voor impact dat heeft op de desbetreffende arts, wordt nauwelijks stilgestaan.
Orthotrichum alpestre, a New Addition to the Moss Flora of Poland, with Notes on O. schimperi (Orthotrichaceae: Bryophyta)
Authors: Plášek Vítězslav , Ochyra Ryszard
Published: December 2020

The occurrence of two epiphytic moss species, Orthotrichum alpestre Bruch & Schimp. and O. schimperi Hammar, in the moss flora of Poland is discussed. The former represents an entirely new country record based on a specimen collected from the Polish Eastern Carpathians, whereas the latter is reinstated as a member of the Polish moss flora. The complex and entangled taxonomic and nomenclatural history of O. schimperi is outlined, sources of its confusion are discussed, and two correctly determined specimens from Poland are cited. The two species are briefly characterized and illustrated, and a key to the genera and species of Polish orthotrichaceous mosses is presented.
SENTENCING FOR THE OFFENSE OF FALSE
TESTIMONY IN THE LIGHT OF JUDICIAL
DECISIONS
Authors: Urbaniak-Mastalerz Izabela
Published: December 2020

The study presents the problems of courts, in the case of sentencing for crimes of false testimony in the light of judicial decisions. The article is, therefore, a presentation of issued decisions of common courts and the Supreme Court in the scope of this off ense, indicating the changes made to the law. The author will attempt to resolve the problem of the circumstances in which a false testimony is sentenced for as an off ence, given the current case-law of the Supreme Court and common courts. The conclusions of the discussed principles of sentencing for this crime (based on available statistics), will be the starting point for the assessment.
Identification of road safety measures for elderly pedestrians based on K-means clustering and hierarchical cluster analysis
Authors: Leonardi Salvatore , Distefano Natalia , Pulvirenti Giulia
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Pedestrians aged over 65 are known to be a critical group in terms of road safety because they represent the age group with the highest number of fatalities or injured people in road accidents. With a current ageing population throughout much of the developed world, there is an imminent need to understand the current transportation requirements of older adults, and to ensure sustained safe mobility and healthy. Objectives: The aim of this study is to capture and analyze the key components that influence the identification of design solutions and strategies aimed at improving the safety of pedestrian paths for elderly. Method: A survey was conducted in 5 different locations in Catania, Italy. The locations were specifically chosen near to attraction poles for elderly pedestrians (e.g. centers for the elderly, squares, churches). Participants were recruited in person, so as to select exclusively people over 70. The sample comprised 322 participants. Both Hierarchical and K-Means clustering were used in order to explore which solutions elderly pedestrian propose for improving the safety of pedestrian path. Results: The results show that the judgment expressed by the elderly on the solutions for improving pedestrian safety is linked to the gender, to the experience as road users, and to mobility and vision problems. All solutions proposed regard road infrastructure (improvement of pedestrian crossings and of sidewalks, implementation of traffic calming measures, improvement of lighting), except for police supervision. Conclusion: This study has identified the factors that influence the identification of the best solutions to increase the safety level of pedestrian paths for elderly people. The aspects related to human factors considered were the gender, the factors associated with the experience as road users and the factors related to age related problems (mobility, vision and hearing problems). The results of this research could support traffic engineers, planners, and decision-makers to consider the contributing factors in engineering measures to improve the safety of vulnerable users such as elderly pedestrians.
Effect of Changing the Parameters of the Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) Process on the Spatial Objects Produced
Authors: CADER Maciej , KIŃSKI Wojciech
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the principle of operation of Multi Jet Fusion (MFJ) technology in detail. Hybrid strength tests were carried out using an INSTRON 5967 universal testing machine controlled by the Bluehill 3 program and coupled with the ARAMIS measurement system (GOM, Gmbh), enabling the monitoring of deformations in three axes, using a system of high-speed cameras. The results are given of the static tensile test of samples in two printing modes characteristic of the MJF technology – FAST and BALANCE.
›Systemische Visualisierung‹ als Lernmethode zur normativen und gestaltenden Reflexion wirtschaftsbetrieblicher Situationen im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeitskritik
Authors: Hantke Harald
Published: December 2020

Wirtschaftsberuflich Lernende sind - curricular intendiert - mit einem potenziellen Widerspruchsverhältnis konfrontiert, das ihnen eine normative und gestaltende Reflexion ihrer wirtschaftsbetrieblichen Situationen im Hinblick auf eine nachhaltige Entwicklung zumutet. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird ein gestaltungsorientierter Lern-Forschungs-Prozess nachgezeichnet, in dem zukünftige Lehrer*innen der wirtschaftsberuflichen Bildung eine Lernmethode konfigurieren, mit der dieser curriculare Anspruch auf Ebene des Unterrichts eingelöst werden kann.
Non-Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Yildiz Erkan
Published: December 2020

Non-allergic rhinitis is a term used for situations where no allergen can be detected as the cause of rhinitis. In non-allergic rhinitis; Skin test positivity or specific Ig E response cannot be detected. The pathophysiology of nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is heterogeneous. The most common type is vasomotor rhinitis, also called idiopathic. In addition, there are many types such as hormonal, gustatory, occupational, atrophic, cold air-induced and systemic diseases. Patients; They present with symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and itching in the nose, the symptoms of the patients do not show a seasonal pattern. There are family stories, but they are not as common as allergic rhinitis (AR). An underlying factor such as infection, sinusitis or polyps cannot be detected in patients. It was determined that the patients showed more neurogenic abnormalities in the pathophysiology. These patients have been shown to be hypersensitive to substances with ingredients such as cold air or capsaicin. The diagnosis is made clinically, the onset of the disease is in adolescence. Oral/nasal antihistamines, steroids, leukotriene antagonists are used in the treatment.
The Skills-First vs. Content-First Philosophy Class
Authors: Walker Mark ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2020

This paper offers a contrast between “content-first” course design, and “skills-first” course design. The traditional lecture format is a paradigmatic example of the former, by the later I mean courses that emphasize the sustained practice of skills integral to the discipline. Two arguments are offered for adopting, other things being equal, the skills-first design. One is the “content-plus” argument that the skills-first course design does a better job of promoting content acquisition than a content-first class. The second argument, the “skills-plus” argument, claims that a skills-first course design has the added value of better promoting philosophical skills as compared with a content-first course.
Two Unpublished Sphinxes of Amenemhat V and Ramses II
Authors: El-Mezain Mohamed , Mahmoud Kacem Mohamed
Published: December 2020

This article publishes two headless sphinxes, now in the Open Panorama site near the Al-Nasr Gate of Old Cairo. According to inscriptions and stylistic features, one sphinx belonged to King Amenemhat V of Dynasty 13. His monuments are scanty despite his four or five years of rule. The other sphinx belongs to Ramses II of the Dynasty 19. Its inscribed offering table is unique. The statues originally ornamented a sphinx avenue of the temple of Heliopolis. Then they were reused as a lintel for a side gate and a threshold of the Ayyubid Walls of Old Cairo during the medieval period. This paper presents the two sphinxes from the walls of Old Cairo and tries to determine from where they were brought to Old Cairo, and how they were transported to their present location.
Writing Practices in El-Lahun Papyri during the Middle Kingdom
Authors: Nassar Mohamed A.
Published: December 2020

El-Lahun papyri have fixed writing systems concerning their form, layout, formulae, orthography, and paleography. Reasons for this are the cultural identity of the scribe, writing practices, scribal habits, and the level of the scribe’s education. In this paper, we discuss the writing practices and scribal habits during the Middle Kingdom in El-Lahun society through the hieratic and the cursive hieroglyphic papyri by studying writing materials, the reuse of papyrus, and traces of palimpsest, layout, traditions of corrections and additions, verse points, blank space, guidelines and borderlines, and check marks.
The Block Statue of Djedhor son of Tjanefer (Cairo JE 37200)
Authors: Rashed Mohamed Gamal
Published: December 2020

The article represents the first publication of a block statue of the Theban priest Djedhor son of Tjanefer dated sometime between the late Thirtieth Dynasty to the early Ptolemaic period. The statue, from the Karnak Cachette, is now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo (JE 37200). It follows a style that is common to block statues of this period. Its hieroglyphic inscriptions are rich with paleographical characteristics of the period. The inscriptions include the regular formulae to the gods of Karnak whom the owner’s family served for decades. In addition to the titles of the owner, it provides information about his family’s priestly ranks. Though its inscriptions do not give enough information to prove his genealogy with certainty, a suggested genealogical tree up to the fourth generation of his family has been drawn with possible links to other monuments of a well-known family of this period.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5913/jarce.55.2019.a008
Hatshepsut’s Punt Reliefs: Their Structure and Function
Authors: Taterka Filip
Published: December 2020

The article examines the layout of Hatshepsut’s Punt reliefs, proposing a new interpretation of their internal structure and ideological function within the decorative programme of the Deir el-Bahari temple. The author argues that the reliefs form a cycle of subsequent scenes, starting at the southernmost end of the west wall, continuing through the south wall up to the northern part of the west wall. As for the scenes represented on the northernmost end of the west wall and on the north wall, it is argued that they should be viewed as forming a single ideological entity, which at the same time corresponds to the long historical inscription placed on the easternmost end of the south wall. That way the reliefs reflect both aspects of Egyptian eternity: the linear (in the cycle of subsequent episodes) and the circular one (in the ideological link between the southern- and northernmost extremities of the Punt Portico). As for the function of the reliefs, it is argued that they were supposed to magically repeat Hatshepsut’s Punt expedition and thus provide her divine father Amun-Ra with all exotic products necessary in his cult. The author also tries to demonstrate, how Hatshepsut was gradually identified with the goddess Hathor in her aspect of the Lady of Punt and the female counterpart of Amun-Ra throughout the Punt reliefs.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bianchi Robert Steven , Baer Arabela , Roberson Joshua Aaron
Published: December 2020

Book Reviews
Ex amicis divi Augusti: P. Vedius Pollio
Authors: Berdowski Piotr
Published: December 2020

The present article attempts a comprehensive overview of the career of P. Vedius Pollio, an equestrian and a close associate of Augustus at a time of the constitutional transformation of the Roman Republic. The issues under discussion include Pollio’s political career in the years immediately following the battle of Actium, not least the mission to Asia Minor that Augustus entrusted him with, as well as his business activities, which are better known to us after Pollio’s withdrawal from politics. Much space is devoted to his relationship with the princeps and the birth of the so-called black legend of Pollio, which disparaged him as a cruel and psychopathic.
Correlation between oxidative stress parameters and left ventricular geometry in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Šarić Sandra , Cvetković Tatjana , Petrović Dejan , Mitić Valentina , Stojanović Sanja , Stoiljković Vladana , Deljanin-Ilić Marina
Published: December 2020

Oxidative stress, as one of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the reduction of myocardial contractility, stimulates the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts and the activation of matrix metalloproteinases, which leads to extracellular matrix remodeling. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a well-known independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. The aim of this research was to determine the connection between the parameters of oxidative stress and left ventricular geometry indicators in patients with chronic heart failure. The study included 81 subjects diagnosed with heart failure and 68 subjects in the control group. Parameters of myocardial morphology and left ventricular function were measured by echocardiography. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total serum SH groups and catalase activity were performed in both groups. The results showed that there were significantly higher concentrations of TBARS, AOPP, and SH groups in patients compared to controls (p < 0.01) and higher concentration of TBARS in patients with concentric hypertrophy compared to patients with normal geometry (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between geometry parameters and myocardial function and TBARS and negative correlation between the right ventricule diameter and catalase activity. The results of this study show that oxidative stress parameters are significantly elevated in patients with heart failure, and that concentrations of TBARS and AOPP - the markers of lipid and protein oxidation, strongly correlate with left ventricular geometry parameters.
Annona Muricata protects against cadmium-mediated oxidative damage in the brain and liver of rats
Authors: Oladele Johnson , Adewale Omowumi , Oyewole Olu , Salami Mistura , Owoade Ganiyat , Oyeleke Oyedotun
Published: December 2020

This present research work was designed to investigate the potential chemopreventive effects of Annona Muricata on cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative neuronal damage in Wistar albino rats. In this study, twenty-eight (28) Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups, with seven rats each. Group A served as the control and provided distilled water orally. Groups B, C and D were exposed to 5 mg/kg body weight cadmium chloride orally, while in Groups C and D 200 and 500 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic seed extract of Annona Muricata were administered, respectively, via oral administration, while group B was left untreated for 14 days. Cadmium induced hepatic damage with significant (p < 0.05) elevation of serum total bilirubin, total protein, AST and ALT. Cadmium also caused oxidative neuronal and hepatic damage in rats with significant decrease in ascorbic acid level, GSH, GPx, CAT and SOD activities in the tissues. Lipid peroxidation (MDA level) was significantly increased in rats treated with cadmium alone. Histological findings reveal distortion in brain architecture with intense inflammatory cells especially seen between the grey and white matter. Liver histology reveal chronic inflammation and infiltration of the hepatic cells. However, administration of ethanolic seed extract of Annona Muricata significantly reverse all the toxic effects of cadmium in the brain and liver, suggesting its hepatoprotective effects and therapeutic importance in neurodegenerative disorders.
Comparison of the effects of heparin 1000 and 5000 units on arterial blood gases
Authors: Borabadi Reza , Rad Mostafa , Rakhshani Mohammad , Rad Mojtaba
Published: December 2020

Analysis of arterial blood gases is necessary for managing the respiratory and metabolic parameters of patients in the intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of heparin 1000 and heparin 5000 units on arterial blood gases in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. This study was a triple-blinded clinical trial. A total of 78 patients with head injury were randomly selected from the emergency department of a hospital in an urban area of Iran in 2017. Data was collected using a questionnaire and a checklist of laboratory parameters. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods via the R software. Statistically significant differences in Na, SaO2, Ca, BEecf (p < 0.001), and HCO3, BEe and K were observed between the two groups (p < 0.01). No statistically significant difference between the values of PaCO2, PH and PaO2 in the two groups were reported (p > 0.05). The results of this study confirmed that heparin 1000 and heparin 5000 units had no effects on respiratory parameters in analyzing arterial blood gases. However, the concentration of heparin had a significant effect on metabolic parameters for the analysis of arterial blood gases and electrolytes.
Recommendations of the resuscitation Council of Serbia for the implementation of resuscitation measures during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Raffay Violetta , Budimski Mihaela , Lazić Aleksandra , Đorđević-Vujović Nela , Fišer Zoran , Josipović Mila
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by a virus where we have lack of knowledge about. This new situation led to the need to provide high-quality resuscitation to all patients with COVID-19 infection, but also with highest-quality and most appropriate personal protection for all medical professionals with the risk from the infection. Within our program activities, the Serbian Resuscitation Council, as lead professional organization, made efforts focused in creating and implementing recommendations related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) under the COVID-19 pandemic. These recommendations are applicable for treatments and procedures during CPR, ethical issues, and CPR training conduction at COVID-19 pandemic, in collaboration with the European Resuscitation Council and other partner organizations, which are part of the network of national councils for resuscitation medicine in Europe. In the forthcoming period of time, these recommendations might be a subject of modification to be inline with more deeper and wider knowledge, based on scientific researches, about the SARS-COV-2, and it will be reviewed and updated on regular base.