bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A GENERALIZATION OF THE DISCRETE HARDY'S INEQUALITY
Authors: CHENG SUI SUN , LU REUIH FEN
Published: June 2021

In this note we are concerned with a generalization of the well known Hardy's inequality for series [1, pp. 239-241].
EXTENSIONS GENERATED BY CLOSED SETS
Authors: EL-MONSEF M. E ABD , KOZAE A. M. , ABO-KHADRA A. A.
Published: June 2021

From the nonempty collection of all closed sets $(Y)$ of any topological space $(X , \tau)$, Schmidt generates a topological space $(Y,\mathcal{U})$. In this paper, we give some properties of this topological space. We determined when $(f,(Y,\mathcal{U}))$ is an extension of $(X , \tau)$. Also we give some separation properties. This paper leads us to unsolved problem men- tioned at the encl of it.
Research capacity training for surveillance and response in the Indo-Pacific: a case study of implementation
Authors: Carlisle K. , Larkins S. , Whittaker M. , MacLaren D. , Harrington H. , Delai M.
Published: June 2021

SETTING: Surveillance and response workforce in the Indo-Pacific region, including Papua New Guinea (PNG), Solomon Islands, Fiji, Eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the implementation of a modified WHO SORT IT research training programme which
included a workplace-based research project. The training was designed for surveillance and response frontline workforce in the Indo-Pacific region.DESIGN: This was a programme evaluation using mixed methods. Fifty-three health and biosecurity workers from Fiji, Indonesia, PNG,
Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste participated in the research training programme.RESULTS: Implementation of the programme was modified to reflect the context of participant countries. Work-place research projects focused on priority issues identified by local policy makers and in-country
stakeholders. Self-reported research skills showed a significant increase (P < 0.01) after the completion of training. Participants reported high scores for satisfaction with training.CONCLUSIONS: This case study provides lessons learnt for future research training, and
demonstrates that the SORT IT model can be modified to reflect the context of implementation without compromising purpose or outcomes.
Rola obszaru tylnego podwzgórza w generowaniu rytmu theta*
Authors: Staszelis Agata , Kowalczyk Tomasz
Published: June 2021

Streszczenie

Rytm theta jest jednym z najlepiej zsynchronizowanych wzorców aktywności oscylacyjnej rejestrowanych w mózgach ssaków. U ludzi, rytm ten obserwowany jest podczas snu REM, nawigacji przestrzennej, procesów pamięciowych, analitycznych oraz językowych. Może być również traktowany jako nieswoisty marker stanów patologicznych ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, takich jak choroba Alzheimera czy padaczka. Główną strukturą zaangażowaną w generowanie wzorca aktywności bioelektrycznej, zarówno u ludzi, jak i u gryzoni (najczęściej badanych zwierząt laboratoryjnych), jest formacja hipokampa. Jej funkcjonowanie zależy od współdziałania wielu innych struktur układu nerwowego. Jedną z nich jest obszar tylnego podwzgórza, który jest istotnym elementem układów neuronalnych modulujących zdolność formacji hipokampa do generowania rytmu theta. Przedstawione w artykule wyniki badań podkreślają rolę obszaru tylnego podwzgórza, jako modulatora hipokampalnego rytmu theta, ale wykazują również, że obszar ten jest zdolny do samodzielnego, niezależnego od wpływu innych struktur, generowania rytmicznej aktywności theta.
Ethik-Management in PR-Agenturen. Maßnahmen und Einflussfaktoren auf Organisationsebene.
Authors: Krebber Felix , Neidhart Lara
Published: June 2021

Die vorliegende empirische Studie untersucht das Ethik-Management von PR-Agenturen und zeigt die Verbreitung von Ethik-Management-Maßnahmen in den 100 umsatzstärksten PR-Agenturen sowie den Mitgliedsagenturen des Agenturverbands GPRA. In einer standardisierten Online-Befragung wurden Agentur-Manager:innen befragt. Die Befunde zeigen bei den 27 Agenturen, die teilgenommen haben, eine Vielzahl von Ethik-Maßnahmen. Umfassendes Ethik-Management, das auch eine systematische Analyse von Konflikten mit verschiedenen Stakeholdergruppen sowie die Evaluation der Maßnahmen beinhalten würde, ist hingegen noch die Ausnahme.
Modellwechsel im ungarischen Hochschulwesen
Authors: Beke-Martos Judit
Published: June 2021

Das ungarische Hochschulwesen befindet sich in einen komplexen Umwandlungsprozess, in dem das „Lex CEU“ nur ein Zwischenschritt war. Der Beitrag überblickt die Veränderungen unter Bezugnahme auf die Entwicklungsgeschichte, die Finanzierungsmodelle und die Gründung der hochschulleitenden Stiftungen.
Die verfassungsrechtliche Stellung der Universität von Costa Rica: Rechtliche Details eines besonderen Konstrukts
Authors: Madrigal Jeffry A. Chinchilla
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag vereint Elemente einer historischen und einer rechtlichen Untersuchung, die es ermöglichen, die verfassungsmäßig herausgehobene Stellung der Universität von Costa Rica im Rechtssystem Costa Ricas zu verstehen, deren Position durch eine spezifische Autonomie geprägt ist.
Rechtsentwicklungen im Bildungsrecht in Japan
Authors: Ishijima Mai
Published: June 2021

Dieser Beitrag stellt japanische Rechtentwicklungen in Bezug auf derzeitige Probleme wie Schulschwänzen/Futoko, Bildung von Kindern mit ausländischem Hintergrund und Kinderarmut vor. Der Forschungsdiskurs betreffend Elternrechte zeigt, wie das Recht des Kindes auf Bildung durch unklare Elternrechte (nicht) geschützt wird.
Verfassungsfragen zum Auswahlverfahren für Lehrer*innen in Griechenland
Authors: Sofiotis Ilias I
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Kriterien für die Einstellung von Lehrern anhand des Personalauswahlgesetzes. Hierzu stellt er die einfachgesetzliche Rechtslage ebenso dar wie die verfassungsrechtlichen Vorgaben und die Rechtsprechung des Staatsrates zur Auswahl von Lehrkräften in Griechenland.
La cessation des fonctions des membres de la Cour constitutionnelle en droit congolais : modalités et effets juridiques
Authors: Masuta Dieu-Merci Ngusu
Published: June 2021

This article provides a study of the modalities and legal effects of the termination of the functions of members of the Congolese Constitutional Court. It offers a detailed analysis based mainly on the relevant provisions of Ordinance No. 16/070 of August 22, 2016 on the special status of members of the Constitutional Court. This Ordinance was adopted in application of the Congolese Constitution of February 18, 2006 in conjunction with organic-law No. 13/026 of October 15, 2013 on the organization and functioning of the Constitutional Court. Distinguishing on the one hand the normal cause of cessation of functions - the expiry of the mandate - and on the other hand the so-called exceptional causes - the resignation, dismissal and death of a member -, the study shows that the enumeration thus retained from the ordinance is incomplete with regard to the above-mentioned organic law. Thus, the list must be supplemented with the "nullity of the appointment" of a member in accordance with articles 2 and 3 of that organic law. The law is silent, however, on the issue of the voluntary retirement of members, although the implementation of this right inevitably has an impact on the end of their functions. The study therefore continues by an examination of both the general and the specific legal effects of these different modalities of ending the functions of a member of the Constitutional Court. Finally, in order to support and complete this essentially theoretical analysis, the article also looks at the question that remains most topical in Congolese constitutional law, namely the legal nature of the 'power' of the President of the Republic to appoint members of the Constitutional Court to other Courts or functions during their term of office. It concludes that such a power is not justified in the current framework of Congolese constitutional law. Indeed, it is inconceivable that such appointments should be imposed on the Constitutional Court members, their acceptance being the only exception to the principle of irremovability that governs them. Such a case should be considered one of voluntary resignation and a subsitute member should therefore only be appointed after this situation has been ascertained and established by the Constitutional Court.
Contracting for Health Care under the New Philippine UHC Act
Authors: Schuhmann Ralph , Bautista Maria C. G.
Published: June 2021

The 2019 Philippine UHC Act provides one of the most recent examples of contractualization of health care. Despite the significant change it brings, it regulates contracting only marginally, so that the purpose and deployment of this mechanism remain largely unclear. This study examines how contracting under the new law can contribute to achieving the reform goals and, to this end, subjects the UHC Act and its Implementing Rules and Regulations to a socio-legal analysis. In the process, it becomes apparent that, contrary to the general trend, the law adheres to a decidedly hierarchical form of contracting, which is in a certain state of tension with the network-like organization it promotes and the use of contracting to realize development-oriented goals. To effectively implement the law's contracting concept, the authors suggest underpinning it with a more relational approach, a stronger management orientation of the executing entities, and the development of appropriate network governance concepts.
Entwicklung eines europäischen Agentur(un)wesens im Energiebinnenmarkt? – Handeln der ACER auf Messers Schneide im Lichte der EuGH-Rechtsprechung
Authors: Wellerdt Alexander
Published: June 2021

Europäische Agenturen gewinnen an Bedeutung für den Verwaltungsvollzug in der EU. Ihre Befugnisse werden über Konsultationen und Empfehlungen hinaus ausgeweitet. Insbesondere die Ermächtigung der ACER zum Erlass von Leitlinien zur Festlegung von Methoden für nationale Regulierungsbehörden und Übertragungsnetzbetreiber hat Konsequenzen für den Verwaltungsvollzug im Energiebinnenmarkt. Das erscheint im Lichte der Rechtsprechung des EuGHs in den Rechtssachen von Meroni über ENISA bis zu ESMA und im Hinblick auf das institutionelle Gleichgewicht rechtlich grenzwertig.
Keine Strafe ohne Gesetz! Zu den europarechtlichen Grenzen der Strafverfolgung von Zollhinterziehung und Zollhehlerei in Antidumpingverfahren
Authors: Herrmann Christoph , Trapp Patricia
Published: June 2021

Der nachfolgende Beitrag widmet sich einer bislang sowohl in der Unionsrechtsprechung als auch in der deutschen Rechtsprechung ungeklärten Rechtsfrage, nämlich den (zeitlichen) Grenzen der Erhebung von Antidumping- und Antisubventionszöllen bei Verletzung sog. „Verpflichtungserklärungen“ durch die Ausführer. Bislang scheinen sowohl die EU-Kommission als auch die deutschen (Strafverfolgungs-)Behörden relativ nonchalant davon auszugehen, dass auch rückwirkend eine Zollschuld entsteht, wenn der Ausführer seine Zusagen aus der Verpflichtung nicht einhält. Dieser Ansatz zieht auf nationaler Ebene regelmäßig den strafrechtlichen Vorwurf der Hinterziehung von Zöllen nach sich. Im Folgenden wird dargelegt, dass die Rechtskonformität der Herangehensweise der nationalen und der EU-Behörden sowohl in Bezug auf die Vorgaben des WTO-Rechts, der GRC und der Antidumping- und Antisubventionsgrundverordnung alles andere als gesichert ist, nicht zuletzt auch infolge der jüngsten Rechtsprechung des EuG in der Rs. Seraphim (T-110/17).
Die neue Strafbarkeit des Besitzes auf Kind gemachter Sexpuppen
Authors: Frommel Monika
Published: June 2021

Die geplante Strafbarkeit des schlichten Besitzes von auf Kind gemachten Sexpuppen soll Pädophilen jede Kompensation verwehren. Es handelt sich um einen Ermittlungsparagraphen. Der Kern des Gesetzespakets, in dem diese Norm nur als ein Baustein unter vielen fungiert, ist die Hochstufung des sexuellen Missbrauchs von Kindern und des Besitzes von Kinderpornografie zum Verbrechen. Ausnahmen und minder schwere Fälle sind nicht vorgesehen. Die tragische sexuelle Orientierung wird zur Täterschuld. Prävention soll nur noch mit Mitteln des Strafrechts betrieben werden. Es ist dies eine neue Stufe der antiliberalen Kriminalpolitik, welche schon seit einiger Zeit die Trennung von Recht und Moral aufhebt und Strafdrohungen im Wesentlichen generalpräventiv als Zeichen einer staatlichen Moralpolitik verklärt. Statt einer zweckrationalen Präventionspolitik und des seit den 1970er Jahren erprobten ultima ratio-Prinzips soll wieder - koste es was es wolle - zur Freiheitsstrafe und einem generalpräventiven Vergeltungsstrafrecht zurückgekehrt werden. Pädophilie gilt nicht mehr als tragisches Schicksal, das mit einem abgestuften Täter-Training aufgefangen werden kann. Erlaubt wird nur noch strikte Enthaltsamkeit, denn ansonsten ist ein Verbot von Sexpuppen unverständlich. Erfolgreich kann dieses Vorhaben nicht sein, da es die interdisziplinäre Arbeit aller Institutionen, die mit diesen Menschen zu tun haben, nicht verbessert, sondern erschwert.
Deutungskämpfe auf dem Campus: Der Wunsch nach safe spaces und trigger warnings
Authors: Seckelmann Margrit
Published: June 2021

The article starts from the observation that in German and US-American university campuses a tendency towards neo-corporatism is gaining in importance. This new form of corporatism is characterized by the fact that the lines are no longer following those of “status groups”, but can be associated with the term “identities”. The article undertakes an analysis where students' wishes for safe spaces and trigger warnings come from (in the context of a sentimental turn) and how speech codes (that should ensure such safe spaces) could be described in legal terms.
Russian-Roulette-Klauseln und Shoot-Out-Klauseln
Authors: Höck Natalie
Published: June 2021

A big risk in business life is a deadlock in corporate decision-making. What is the most efficient way to prevent and resolve a shareholder conflict? This question, which should be raised in practice when founding a company, is answered comprehensively. Buy-Sell Agreements are analyzed from a legal and economic perspective, and alternative ways of preventing and resolving disputes are examined to determine their suitability for shareholder conflicts. The aim is to provide every founder with an overall concept for the prevention of shareholder conflicts as a first step and an efficient dispute resolution as a second step. The different approaches are combined with a Buy-Sell Agreement in a uniform procedure.
Virtus, Merkur und Moneten
Authors: Jendorff Alexander
Published: June 2021

The nobility of the pre-modern era did not seem to be familiar with the logic and rationalities of economic life. Noble families’ lives were assumed to revolve around luxury, tend towards excessive expenditure and be permanently threatened with ruin. Nevertheless, that is only one side of the complex spectrum of economic activities in which nobles all over Europe were engaged. Their entrepreneurship adapted to economic developments and thus massively influenced economic structures over the centuries. In competition and, of course, in coalition with non-noble participants in diverse markets, European nobles transformed the former feudal society, which led to the emergence of capitalism. This study not only shows the different fields nobles all over Europe were engaged in, but also explains the connection between noble self-fashioning and self-reliance on the one hand, and the ideas and understanding of the social environment and of the position of the individual within it from the 13th to the 19th century on the other. Hence, it also considers why and how the negative perception and evaluation of nobles’ economic activities in parts of Europe developed and what influenced these negative opinions.
Aktuelle Rechtsfragen der Grenzen steuerlicher Gemeinnützigkeit
Authors: Hummel Lars , Lampert Steffen
Published: June 2021

Following a general commentary on the legal basis, the authors analyse the current law with regard to a selection of topical questions concerning tax-related non-profit law. In particular, the authors address the questions of whether the promotion of animal rights is considered a non-profit aim, of whether the recognition of an organisation as non-profit meets requirements in accordance with the law and the extent to which the conduct of a third party can be attributed to the organisation, and of whether the recognition of an organisation as non-profit necessitates a democratic internal structure and general accessibility. In light of these questions, recommendations are made for future reforms to tax-related non-profit law.
Kennzeichnung, Erfassung und Steuerung von Risikokultur
Authors: Grieser Franziska
Published: June 2021

Events such as the financial crisis in 2008/09 and the Volkswagen scandal about diesel engines in 2015 show that the existence of a risk management system does not sufficiently protect companies from risks. An inadequate corporate risk culture is often used to explain the causes of such crises. The aim of this study is to create access to a more targeted approach to risk culture. This is achieved through a methodical combination of conceptual developments and semi-structured interviews with companies from different industries and ownership structures. To start with, the author develops a definition of risk culture, identifies its constituent elements and derives a risk culture framework from these elements. In doing so, she identifies both ways of assessing risk culture and risk culture control mechanisms. Among other things, her findings point to the central role of top and middle management in this regard and reveal a variety of risk culture control mechanisms.
The Association Between Mental Health of HIV Patients and Antiretroviral Medication Adherence
Authors: Heydari Mohammadreza , Mehraeen Morteza , Keshani Parisa , Faghih Marjan
Published: June 2021

Background: Various factors, like mental disorders, may affect the desire for medication and adherence in HIV/AIDS patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine levels of neurotic disorders and associations of disorders level and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) medication adherence in HIV/AIDS patients. Materials and Methods: Finally, 150 patients of Behavioral Disease Counseling Center of Shiraz were selected by a convenience method and were evaluated by Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25) and Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ). Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests were, Spearman's correlation coefficient and logistic regression were used to analyze the data by using SPSS-20 (P < 0.05). Results: Seventy-eight percent of patients had normal mental health status. Also, 83% had very good medication adherence. Female gender, single or divorced, and working in temporary and low-income jobs were associated with decreased mental health status. Higher age and education were associated with increased adherence. Anxiety was the most common and effective disorder. Decreased mental health' status was shown to reduce drug adherence. Conclusions: Treatment of mental disorders, particularly anxiety, can be one of the most effective ways to increase drug compliance in HIV/AIDS patients.
SEARCH FOR PERIOD CHANGES IN MIRA STARS
Authors: R. Nesci , G. Rocchi
Published: June 2021

We reobserved in the RC and i(Sloan) bands, during the years 2020-2021, seven Mira variables in Cassiopeia, for which historical i(Sloan) light curves were available from Asiago Observatory plates taken in the years 1967-84. The aim was to check if any of
GSC 03588-09315 IS A LOW-AMPLITUDE DELTA SCUTI VARIABLE
Authors: Ch. Lloyd , Y. Öğmen , G. Walker , K. Menzies , G. Stone , D. Boyd
Published: June 2021

Time-series observations of GSC 03588-09315 show it is a very low amplitude, multiperiodic delta Scuti variable at the limit of detectability. Five frequencies have been identified at 13.86819(24), 8.10026(79), 5.01966(79), 11.67281(55) and 8.17490(59) c/
Antigenotoxic properties of anthocyanin-enriched fraction of strawberry (cv. Romina) extract on DNA damage induced by H2O2 in human peripheral blood leukocytes
Authors: Spremo-Potparević Biljana , Čabarkapa-Pirković Andrea , Dekanski Dragana , Topalović Dijana , Bajić Vladan , Živković Lada
Published: June 2021

Strawberry fruit Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne, Rosaceae (cv. Romina), rich in anthocyanin polyphenols, has been demonstrated to have favorable effects on health due to its antioxidant properties. The present study investigated the antigenotoxic potential of anthocyanin enriched fraction of Romina strawberry methanolic extract (ACY) against DNA damage on human peripheral blood leukocytes, induced by hydrogen peroxide in vitro. Five concentrations of the ACY extract were used in all experiments (2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 µg/ml). The results of the alkaline comet assay showed no genotoxic effect of the ACY. After the pre-exposure of the leukocytes to the ACY, and subsequent incubation with H2O2, a decreased number of DNA damaged cells was recorded in all the tested concentrations, compared to controls. In the posttreatment, there was a concentration-dependent DNA damage reduction, while a statistically significant decrease was achieved with 15 and 20 µg/ml concentrations. The results indicate that ACY is efficient in oxidative DNA damage reduction, and it is more potent as a post-applicative than a protective agent.
Computer games in preschool education: Potential risks from the teachers' perspective
Authors: Mamutović Anastasija , Stanisavljević-Petrović Zorica , Marković Marija
Published: June 2021

Today's society is characterized by the expansion of scientific and technological development, leading to changes in the conception of educational work at all levels of education. The integration of digital technology is aimed at modernizing the education system. In practice, however, even the best designed media tools can quite often prove to have numerous drawbacks. Consequently, there is a need for empirical research into the educational value of digital learning tools. In view of the fact that, apart from parents, preschool teachers are the most important mediators between children and contemporary ICT devices, the aim of our study was to explore preschool teachers' perceptions of the risks and potential negative influences of computer games on children's development, behavior and learning. Teachers' attitudes were analyzed in relation to their educational level, place of work, age, and years of service, in order to identify tendencies linked to changes in the research sample structure. A quantitative approach to result analysis was employed, with a tabular and graphical presentation of the obtained data. Research results suggest teachers believe that excessive use of computer games at preschool level is accompanied by addiction, aggressive thoughts, feelings and insensitivity to scenes of violence in the real world. In contrast, teachers believe that social isolation, passivity, a decline in children's creativity and adverse effects on their physical health are not an inevitable consequence of the excessive use of computer games. As regards statistically significant differences in teachers' attitudes, the results indicate that an increase in the number of years of service and educational level is linked to increased perceptions of the drawbacks relative to the benefits of using computer games. Teachers' place of work is not statistically significant in determining their attitudes to the potential risks of using computer games.
Typical errors in presenting concepts in textbooks for the first four grades of primary school
Authors: Petrović Vesna , Antić Slobodanka
Published: June 2021

This paper offers a systematization of typical errors in presenting scientific concepts in textbooks for the first four grades of primary school. The subject of our analysis and systematization were presentations of concepts which deviate from or violate the internal cognitive and logical nature of a scientific concept, thus representing a source of potential difficulties for students in understanding scientific knowledge. Starting from Vygotsky's theory of the development of scientific concepts, as well as the general standards of textbook quality and a review of studies analyzing textbooks in this field, we have made a systematization of typical errors in the presentation of scientific terms. Five typical errors are explained and elucidated: a simple description of a phenomenon or the statement of its function, use or usefulness; a simple establishment of connections between a concept (word) and an object (image); offering ready-made phrases and scientific statements without relating them to a system of concepts; providing only typical examples or providing examples that lack variety, and presenting important and unimportant facts on the same level, without pointing out the differences. Every typical error is explained using examples from textbooks in which scientific concepts relevant to grades 1-4 are introduced (settlement, village, city, plants, relief, historical figure and birds). In the absence of scientific principles in presenting concepts in textbooks, their authors rely on implicit assumptions about concepts as phenomenal or factual kinds of knowledge. Due to the importance of acquiring scientific concepts for the cognitive development of the individual, the practical implications of the findings are that in textbook design but also in teacher education particular attention must be devoted to the area of teaching and learning scientific concepts.
Special tax on illegally acquired property
Authors: Baturan Luka , Milošević Goran
Published: June 2021

The National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia has adopted the Law on Determining the Origin of Property and Special Tax. With the "new" legal solution on determining the origin of property and special tax, Serbia seeks to protect the fiscal and other interests of the state based on the income of natural persons caused by abuse resulting in the possession of property that cannot be justified by legal income. Since the Law on Determining the Origin of Property and Special Tax introduces a new "special tax", it an opportunity to define the basic contours of this tax, and to give guidelines for practical application, as well as for the possible correction of the Law.
(Mis)osage of rhetoric: Examples from ancient times to the modern state of national surveillance
Authors: Avramović Dragutin , Jovanov Ilija
Published: June 2021

The art of beautiful speech has its origins in the ancient Greek tradition. In sophistic discussions of justice and truth, eloquence played a notable role. Plato did not deny the importance of the art of persuasion, but he pointed out the difference between the knowledge provided by philosophy and the belief that is a consequence of persuasion. Therefore, the authors try to shed light on whether rhetoric is a morally neutral skill with a great ability to relativize. In this sense, Kelsen's critique of the natural law concepts of justice and truth are considered. Due to the impossibility of their absolute determination, Kelsen emphasized the fateful significance of theological teachings and rhetoric that convinced people of the existence of the one and only value system that is the basis of all norms. Thus, it turned out that rhetoric was extremely important for natural law, but its significance is even greater today. The changes brought by the modern age, among which a special place is occupied by endangering the privacy of citizens due to the collecting personal data and strengthening the culture of surveillance, especially emphasize the need to use the finest tuned rhetorical elements. Convincing the existence of absolute norms turned into convincing the need for perpetual surveillance of citizens in order to ensure their survival. Therefore, the authors conclude that rhetoric is a morally neutral skill with great potential for everyday (mis)use and that in the current circumstances it has an advantage over philosophical considerations about absolute values. At the same time, the authors point out that such an abuse of the art of persuasion will lead to the other extremity from which people will seek a way out by returning to philosophy.
Legal impossibility or inadmissibility: Is there a need for distinction?
Authors: Radovanović Sanja , Miščević Nikolina
Published: June 2021

It is generally accepted that the origin of a contract, i.e. its validity, is influenced by an impossibility that is objective and current, regardless of whether it is legal or factual. From this distinction of possibilities according to different criteria, it follows that there is no universal determination of the possibilities of the subject. Apart from the fact that the theory relativizes possibility as a general condition of the subject of a valid contract, since it binds different legal consequences, certain provisions of the Law on Obligations also contribute to the fact that legal consequences of impossibility are not clearly defined in terms of contract validity. This is especially the case when it comes to legal impossibility. Systematic works of the law of obligations in the domestic literature speak of legal impossibility, as a special species. However, there is a lack of clear demarcation in determining what is meant by it. Therefore, we will try to re-examine whether and when the distinction between legal impossibility and inadmissibility is of practical importance.
Perspectives on Stock Theft Prevention in the Selected Provinces of South Africa: Failures and Successes
Authors: Maluleke Witness , Tshabalala Ntwanano Patrick , Tolla Aden Dejene
Published: June 2021

Residents of Limpopo (LIM) and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province are witnessing higher rates of stock theft, with the inhabitants of the selected communities living in fear for the prevention of this scourge. This study explores the extent of this crime in the selected areas of LIM and KZN, considering contributory factors, determining the relationship between the South African Police Service Stock Theft Units (SAPS STUs) and other relevant stakeholders, as well as looking at existing strategies (And their failures and successes) in responding to this crime effectively. A qualitative research approach coupled with Non-probability: Purposive sampling was used in this study. The targeted population consisted of 113 participants. For data collections, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and Observation Schedules were adopted. lack of appropriate preventative measures has led to rise of stock theft, it was, therefore, discovered that both the affected livestock farmers and members of the community lost confidence toward the police, Besides, the perspectives on stock theft prevention in LIM and KZN reflect a greater challenge, with inadequate solutions present, since the current preventative measures are ineffective. Thus, understanding stock theft phenomenon is critical to its prevention as the sector of livestock in South Africa is the contributory key to the value of the agricultural economy.
Environmental Factors and Hot Spot Areas of Juvenile Delinquency in Bangkok
Authors: Ketsil Tanet , Markvichit Mutita , Thongsri Wanwipa
Published: June 2021

This research surveyed and mapped the juvenile delinquency risk areas in Bangkok, to establish environmental development measures to reduce the risk. This qualitative research was conducted in the Geographic Information System area using surveys of Bangkok Metropolitan Police Divisions 1–9, 36 in-depth interviews with non-commissioned and commissioned police officers and two official seminars. Finally, the research results were used to develop an online map in the Google Maps system. The analysis of the environmental problems of the juvenile delinquency areas’ survey map revealed four main juvenile crimes: 1) drugs, 2) property3) assaultand4) motorcycle drag racing; they also identified 30 risks areas most of which were slums, secluded alleys with inadequate lighting, entertainment venues, and convenience stores open 24 hours a day.
Fulfillment of Labor Rights for Persons with Disabilities in Indonesia
Authors: Nazifah  , Mangku Dewa Gede Sudika , Yuliartini Ni Putu Rai
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities to obtain jobs following their fields without reducing their rights. The research method used is normative juridical with literature study. Decent work is a right for every human being without exception. Various racial, ethnic, and religious backgrounds that are part of a human's identity do not become a barrier for him to get his right. Likewise with the physical or non-physical conditions that underlie a human being. Every human being who has a certain physical or non-physical background also has the same rights to get decent work, including persons with disabilities. The State of Indonesia ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities into Law Number 19 of 2011. In the preamble of the law, it was explained that the countries that signed the convention had the obligation to promote and protect the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities and promote their participation in the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural spheres is based on equal opportunities, meaning that the Indonesian Government is obliged by law to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities, especially about the right to work in Indonesia.
The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Crime of Theft
Authors: Syamsuddin Rahman , Fuady Muhammad Ikram Nur , Prasetya Muh. Djaelani , M Andi Anas Chaerul , Umar Kusnadi
Published: June 2021

This research aims to assist the police institution in preventing theft crimes that increased during the Covid-19 period by mapping areas prone to theft crimes based on the incident's location and the level of intensity of theft crimes. This research is empirical, managed quantitatively by collecting data through documentation and literature study. The results showed an increase in the number of theft crimes by 42.65% in Makassar City during the six months of the coronavirus pandemic period. This research also succeeded in mapping the locations prone to theft crimes, mostly in residents' homes rather than in the business center, the central area of money circulation. The research results also show that almost all sub-districts in Makassar City are the places where theft crimes occur, dominated by medium and high categories symbolized by red, yellow, and green color. This study recommends that police institutions pay more attention to residential areas, which are the areas where theft crimes most occur during the pandemic period. Furthermore, this research implies that it can become a reference for the police institution to prepare efforts to prevent theft crimes in Makassar City and other areas during the Covid-19 period.
Moral Standards in the Psychological Structure of the Personality of Students of Higher Education Institutions
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine, Liakisheva Anna
Published: June 2021

In this article's scientific space, one can observe the differentiation of the definition of the terms 'value', 'value orientations' because it does not yet have a clear standard definition. Many researchers have dealt with this topic, researched, analyzed, observed, and made conclusions. However, there is still a rich scope for research of such phenomena of personal structure as value orientations. Outstanding psychologists-researchers who, in their scientific, practical, and theoretical works, dealt with the topic of values and value orientations and came to the general conclusion that values are a structural component of a personality, with the help of which a person achieves a goal, sets this goal, and characterizes position in life. The article saw the relationship between values and the basic structures of the personality, including value orientations—considered in values a system of orientation and personality attitudes.
Sentencing of Minor Offences in Indonesia: Policy, Practice and Reform
Authors:   Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga, Indonesia, Susilowati Christina Maya Indah
Published: June 2021

This paper seeks to evaluate minor offenses in the Criminal Code in Indonesia. So far, the value limit for determining minor offenses in Indonesia is increasingly irrelevant to the value of the currency due to inflation. It will cause a gap in criminal law in dealing with changes. As the result, police will do unfair and non-humanistic law implementation. The objective of this study is to identify the importance of revising the lower limit of minor offenses in the Criminal Code in Indonesia. The study used a socio-legal method on the contextualization of Indonesian Criminal Codes related to the categorization of minor offense regulation in Government Regulation No. 2 of 2012 and in Penal Code, by utilizing a humanitarian perspective in law enforcement, especially by police who still charge some minor offenses with 5 years imprisonment. The results confirmed that some changes have been made related to this matter as the Indonesian Supreme Court has made some regulations, such as No. 2 of 2012 on adjustment in minor offense law. This means that all criminals doing minor offenses cannot behold as prisoners in the investigation or prosecution process. The main contribution of this study is to construct a perspective of legal and regulatory issues to emphasize a fair of justice in dealing with minor offenses with a model of humanistic law enforcement. The result is expected to practically contribute and recommend the importance of constructing fairness of justice principle in law enforcement in particular and of revising minor offense sentencing in general.
Stratigraphic And Microfacies Study Of Upper Campanian - Lower Maastrichtian Succession (Shiranish Formation) In Bade Village, Bekhere Anticline, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq
Authors:   Department of Geology, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Malak Zaid A. , Al-Badrani Omar A. , Al-Fandi Ezzat I.
Published: June 2021

The Upper Cretaceous Shiranish Formation outcropped close to Bade village and Bekhere anticline, Kurdistan region at northern Iraq and consists of alternating mixed tough grey limestone, marly limestone, marl beds interpreted as a middle - outer shelf – upper bathyal environments (basinal) depositional environment. Fifteen thin sections were studied under a polarized microscope to find out the petrographic component, fauna content, and for microfacies analysis. The major petrographic constituents are fossils, bioclastic grains, micrite matrix, and extraclast (quartz grains). Planktic foraminifera and nannofossils are the major particles within wackestone and packstone microfacies types. The planktonic foraminifera biozones from previous study (such as Globotruncana aegyptiaca, Gansserina gansseri, Racemiguembelina fructicosa, Plummerita hantkeninoides) and the recorded calcareous nannofossils biozones of Broinsonia parca, Reinhardtites levis, Arkhangelskiella cymbiformis, suggest a late Campanian to late Maastrichtian age.
Integrated Seismic Hazard Analysis Of Southwest Penang Island Through Horizontal-To-Vertical Spectral Ratio And Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment
Authors:   Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia, Badrolhisham Siti Noor Shafiqah , Abdul Latiff Abdul Halim
Published: June 2021

Peninsular Malaysia is susceptible to large magnitude earthquakes induced by the regional sources as it is surrounded by countries that are known for their active seismicity. Tremors were felt in Penang Island of Pulau Pinang due to earthquake events in Sumatra, Indonesia in 2005 and 2009. Presence of cracks on buildings in the island was reported caused by the earthquake on 2nd November 2002. The tsunami that hit the island on 26 December 2004 was the aftermath of the Great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake with magnitude 9.1. The investigation of earthquake risks ensures that the effect of earthquake disasters in the inclined region can be reduced effectively. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive seismic hazard assessment in Penang Island by analysing the predominant natural frequency distribution in Balik Pulau through a passive seismic survey method known as horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) and evaluating the ground motion throughout the island using probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) approach. The natural frequencies of Balik Pulau mostly falls in the range of 3 to 4 Hz which is associated with loose deposits and stiff soil layer. The amplification factor extracted from the HVSR curves ranges approximately 4 to 5. The minimum ground motions estimated for a fixed intensity in 50 years for Penang Island is 0.006 g1 and can reach up to 0.025 g. While the minimum ground motions for a fixed return period of 98 years in 50 years is 0.016 g with maximum of 0.035 g.
TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGENCE CASE OF THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Borović Zoran
Published: June 2021

This study examines Total Factor Productivity (hereinafter TFP) convergence in the Western Balkan countries (Republic of Slovenia-SL, Republic of Croatia-CR, Republic of Serbia-SR, and the Republic of Srpska-RS). Our analysis will cover the time period 2000- 2018. Our goal here is threefold. First, we will estimate the TFP for selected countries, and to do so, we will apply the growth accounting. Second, we will use the development accounting to test for the unconditional catching up. And third, we will test the country’s ability to learn or absorb new technology from the more advanced leader through the ``technology gap`` and ``technology spillovers``. In our survey, we will assume, apriori, that most developed country is Slovenia, followed by Croatia, Serbia, and the Republic of Srpska.
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR FINANCIAL RISK
Authors: Poljašević Jelena , Grujić Miloš
Published: June 2021

The paper investigates how financially insecure public companies in the Republic of Srpska are using the Altman EM score model and the RAPO model developed on business entities in the Republic of Srpska. Public companies are classified as low, medium and high risk companies in terms of the probability of going bankrupt. The results show that in the observed period from 2013 to 2018, half of public companies are constantly in the problem zone, while about 40% are in the safe zone. That is, companies that have been identified as problematic have been in that group for many years, while those with low business risk have been consistently successful. The paper also presents the state's participation in the capital of public companies, as well as expenditures in the form of subsidies and recapitalizations that are allocated from the budget every year.
Mixed Urinary Incontinence (MUI) in Women: From Evidence to Clinical Practice
Authors: Sultana Arshiya , Najeeya A. G. F. , Rahman Khaleequr , Saeedi Rushda , Khanam Marhaba
Published: June 2021

Mixed Urinary Incontinence (MUI) in women is an important disease that is under-treated and under-reported with high prevalence of 33% of all cases of incontinence. It significantly impairs women’s quality of life. MUI usually represent with more severe symptoms and are more likely to present for the treatment as per the recent studies. The management not only includes the conventional but also the complementary and alternative medicine treatment incorporating details from evidence to clinical practice. Combinations of behavioral modification, pelvic floor physiotherapy, biofeedback, pharmacotherapy, anti-incontinence devices, and complementary therapies is useful to treat mixed symptoms. Some researches recommended the use of Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) and antimuscarinic drugs to treat MUI. Some studies showed that acupuncture is beneficial for MUI. The treatment with herbal medicine such as mace, Boswellia serrata and Cyperius were also effective in treating MUI symptoms.
Integrating Financial Toxicity Assessment in Cancer Treatment: Implications for Medical Oncology Training
Authors: Philip Errol J. , Legaspi Nichole , Borno Hala T.
Published: June 2021

Financial burden or toxicity associated with cancer treatment is defined as problems a patient may face related to the costs of medical care. Financial toxicity has been widely documented in the oncology literature and has been associated with a host of negative outcomes, including impaired quality of life, treatment non-adherence and greater risk of mortality. These negative outcomes prompted a call to action among oncology providers to take the lead in discussions of financial burden and costs of care among patients. However, to date, oncologists feel ill prepared to initiate these discussions and few patients feel this is part of their routine oncologic care. Moreover, little attention has been given to the training of future clinicians in oncology to effectively discuss costs of care. The development and implementation of provider communication training programs and integration of appropriate financial toxicity screening will enable cost of care discussions to become routine and help dissipate patient discomfort.
Preliminary Study of Consumer Preference in Decision Making Processed Fish Products in Bekasi (Case Study of Bandar Djakarta Restaurant, Bekasi)
Authors: Anastasia Ernita , Rizal Achmad , Handaka Asep Agus , Gumelar Iwang
Published: June 2021

Consumer preference is a consumer attitude towards a product choice. The needs and desires of consumers are very varied and can change because of the factors that influence consumers in choosing products. This study aims to analyze consumer preferences and what attributes are considered by consumers in making decisions to choose processed fish products. This research was conducted at Bandar Djakarta Restaurant, Summarecon, Bekasi City in February - March 2021. Primary data collection techniques used accidental sampling of 30 respondents, while secondary data was obtained from Bandar Djakarta Bekasi, FPIK Unpad Library and Unpad Public Library. The analytical tool used to determine consumer preferences is the measurement of attitudes using the Likert scale and the attribute analysis tool that is considered in product selection, namely the Chi Square analysis. Based on the results of the analysis of the level of consumer preference at the Bandar Djakarta Restaurant, it shows that the most preferred processed product is shrimp. The attributes that are considered in purchasing processed shrimp products are consecutively good taste, low price, and easy to find, high nutrition and family preference at the same level.
Treatment of Wastewaters from the Olive Mill Industry Wastewaters by Sonication Process at Different Conditions
Authors: Oztekin Rukiye , Sponza Delia Teresa
Published: June 2021

In this study, the effects of increasing sonication time (60 min, 120 and 150 min), increasing temperatures (25oC, 30oC and 60oC), different Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentrations (2 mg/l, 4 mg/l, 6 and 10 mg/l), different N2(g) sparging (15 and 30 min) and H2O2 concentrations (100 mg/l, 500 and 2000 mg/l) was investigated on Olive Mill Industry wastewaters (OMI ww) by sonication process. The maximum removal efficiencies were 60.91% CODdis, 59.28% TOC, 49.70% color, 58.25% total phenol, 63.27% total aromatic amines (TAAs), 37.51% total fatty acids (TFAs), at 25oC and 150 min, respectively. The maximum removal yields were 66.83% CODdis, 65.92% TOC, 83.77% color, 61.24% total phenol, 70.52% TAAs, 48.84% TFAs, at 60oC and 150 min, respectively. The maximum removal efficiencies were 88.73% CODdis, 93.79% color, 91.38% total phenol, 91.58% TAAs, 74.44% TFAs, at DO=10 mg/l, at 60oC and 150 min, respectively. The maximum removal efficiencies were 84.51% CODdis, 91.88% color, 78.98% total phenol, 74.56% TAAs, 80.18% TFAs, at 30 min N2(g) sparging, at 60oC and 150 min, respectively. The maximum removal yields were 91.13% CODdis, 93.59% color, 93.65% total phenol, 83.68% TAAs, 90.30% TFAs, at 2000 mg/l H2O2, at 60oC and 150 min, respectively. Sonication at 35 kHz proved to be a viable tool for the effective removal of COD, TOC, color, total phenol, TAAs and TFAs from OMI ww, providing a cost-effective alternative for destroying and detoxifying the refractory compounds in OMI ww.