bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE FOLLICULA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE EXTRACORPORAL FERTILIZATION: THE STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Shestakova M. A , Kiseleva M. V , Proskurnina Elena V.
Published: September 2020

Free radical reactions are aconcurrent part of the homeostasis of any system, including reproductive one. The imbalance of free radical production systems and antioxidants leads to pathological consequences, known as oxidative stress. In recent years, there have been actively executed successful studies, in which attempts are made to identify the impact of local oxidative stress in the follicle on the quality of the embryo and the outcome of «in vitro fertilization» (IVF). Despite both the inadequacy of data and the difficulty of comparing them, free radicals and the state of the antioxidant system of the follicular fluid have been proven to have a significant effect on oocyte and embryo development in subsequent IVF.
MULTIMODAL STRATEGY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SURGICAL PATIENTS(FAST TRACK SURGERY)
Authors: Ishchenko A. I , Aleksandrov L. S , Ishchenko A. A , Khudoley Evgeniya P.
Published: September 2020

There was executed an analysis of the literature data on fast track surgery in foreign and domestic publications for the last 7 years, included in the database PubMed, Medline, Scientific electronic library (elibrary.ru). The review considers in details the principles of fast track surgery and the rationale for their use. The results of application of accelerated rehabilitation programs in surgical specialties are presented and analyzed. The use such programs allow shorten the duration of hospitalization, restore the patient’s ability to work in a more shorter time, without reducing the effectiveness of the treatment, which would have a positive economic effect. The implementation of the fast track surgery program requires a multidisciplinary approach of all specialists involved in perioperative management of the patient.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CRITERIA OF THE ENDOMETRIAL RECIPTIVITY VIOLATION IN PATIENTS WITH INFERTILITY ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS
Authors: Demura Tatyana A. , Kogan E. A , Kossovich Yu. M , Unanyan A. L
Published: September 2020

The goal is to study the morphological and molecular features of endometrial receptivity in reproductive-age women with chronic endometritis and infertility and unsuccessful attempts in vitro fertilization (IVF) in anamnesis. Material and methods. The study included 120 reproductive-age women with morphologically verified chronic endometritis: the first group included 64 patients with infertility and unsuccessful IVF attempts in history; in the 2nd group there were 56 women without violation of the fertility; the control group consisted of 30 healthy reproductive-age women, in whom samples of the endometrium were taken in the II phase of the menstrual cycle. A comparative analysis of the morphological and molecular criteria of endometrial receptivity in all study groups was carried out. Results. In patients of the 1st group there was a significant twofold prevalence rate of the average duration of chronic endometritis since the moment of its morphological verification, which led to a critical decrease in the receptivity of the endometrium and the development of infertility has been established in 5.50 ± 0.06 years (p < 0.001). In the first group of patients following morphological features of chronic endometritis were established: the presence of classical signs of inflammation in the mucous membrane of the uterus with an autoimmune component revealed in 90.6% of observations: high expression of CD16, CD20, CD56 and low HLA-DRII (p < 0.001). Morphological criteria of endometrial receptivity disorders in patients with infertility on the background of chronic endometritis were such as the delay in the maturation of the endometrium from the day of the menstrual cycle and a decrease in the number of mature pinopodia in the apical part of the superficial epitheliocytes. Molecular criteria of the infertility in the endometrial receptivity violation include the significant decrease in the expression of steroid ER and PR receptors in glands and stroma, LIF in glands and in the surface of the pinopodia, CLDN4 - in the apical part of the superficial epithelial cells and in the base of the pinopodia (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Chronic endometritis, associated with the infertility, in 90.6% of cases has an autoimmune genesis and is characterized by a long (more than 5 years) course with the development of morphological and molecular criteria of endometrial receptivity disorders.
ANALYSIS OF PERIOPERATIVE PRESCRIBING OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMICAL IN CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Korobkov Nikolay A. , Tekhova I. G
Published: September 2020

The executed pharmacoepidemiological study aimed at assessing stereotypes of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in abdominal delivery in maternity hospitals of the city of St. Petersburg showed that more than in 30% of cases there was an inefficient use of antimicrobial chemotherapy drugs, which in turn contributes to the increase in the frequency of postoperative septic complications.
HEMOSTASIOLOGICAL INDICES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION (IUGR)
Authors: Murashko Andrey V. , Simonova M. S , Goryunova A. G
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the results of the management of patients with preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation syndrome, and disorders of the hemostatic system during pregnancy. With the help of thromboelastography, the state of all the components of the coagulation system including plasma component of blood, platelet hemostasis, and fibrinolysis system was assessed, the efficacy of drugs (anticoagulants) prescribed patients and the adequacy of the selected dosage was checked. Assessing presented clinical observations, we can conclude that it is necessary to conduct thromboelastography in pregnant women. Conducting a functional test with heparinase extends the diagnostic significance of thromboelastography.
PECULIARITIES OF THE STATE OF THE HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM IN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COURSE OF PREGNANCY AND AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Novruzova Delyara R. , Sosnova E. A
Published: September 2020

The review provides information on the clinical and physiological features of the functioning of the hepatobiliary system in women during a normally developing pregnancy. The causes and magnitude of changes in specific blood biochemical indices in pregnant women are analyzed. An analysis of various liver pathologies in pregnant women associated with the administration of frequently prescribed medications is also presented.
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME AS THE MOST IMPORTANT LINK IN THE GENESIS OF FAILURE OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
Authors: Klyukina Lidya A.
Published: September 2020

In the article, there are analyzed main pathogenetic aspects of the relationship between antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and reproductive losses, obstetric pathology, as well as possible methods for improving pathogenetic prophylaxis of repeated failures of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Based on the literature data, there is made a conclusion about the need for further studies of the role of antiphospholipid antibodies (AFA) as a cause of IVF failures, as well as the search for the most effective methods of preventing repeated failures of this procedure in a group of women with APS.
EARLY DIAGNOSTIC SIGNS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Karachentsova Irina V. , Logacheva T. M , Kashoyan A. R
Published: September 2020

Over the past few years, there has been a gain in the incidence of endometriosis, which is associated with an increase in the life expectancy of women with neuroendocrine disorders. Despite a large number of studies, many aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease remain unexplained. This work is aimed at revealing the hereditary factor as one of the reasons for the development of endometriosis.
DISCORDANT ANOMALIES IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS
Authors: Panchenko Vera A. , Sosnova E. A
Published: September 2020

Monozygotic twins, as a rule, have the same genotype and phenotype. Cases, where disturbances develop in only one of two twins are very rare. Such cases are called discordant anomalies. The purpose of the work is to systematize the data on the causes of discordant anomalies, their phenotypic manifestations and methods of managing pregnancy in the case of discordant anomalies, search for articles on this topic in the PubMed database and analyze the found literature. Data analysis showed following factors to be able to serve as causes of discordant anomalies: mutations occurred both before and after the separation of the blastomeres; inactivation of one of the X chromosomes in women; variations in the number of copies of genes; different embryo attachment to the placenta; epigenetic factors. Most often there are discordant anomalies of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, and defects of the abdominal wall. There are less common chromosomal abnormalities - Down syndrome, Patau syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome. Isolated cases are cystic hygroma and autism spectrum disorders. The average gestational age at which discordant anomalies are detected is 17 weeks in monochorial twins, and 21 weeks in bichorial twins. Malformations of one of the fetuses increase the risk of the miscarriage or premature birth. When detecting twins, discordant for a large anomaly, selective reduction of embryos is appropriate. For bichorial twins, an intracardiac injection of potassium chloride is used. In monochorial twins, umbilical cord coagulation is used, because often monochorial fetuses have vascular anastomoses, and the cardiotoxic agent can enter into a healthy fetus. Discordant anomalies are rare, poorly understood pathology. Anomalies can affect any organ system, often there are multiple malformations. Large anomalies can be an indication for the selective reduction of the fetus.
DIAGNOSIS AND PHARMACOTHERAPY OF PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES IN WOMEN
Authors: Skvortsov Vsevolod V. , Lunkov M. V , Skvortsova E. M
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to modern issues of etiology, in particular, the theory of biofilms as the most promising direction of research. Biofilms are most often represented by the association of microorganisms in which they, through coexistence in close contacts, acquire new properties, expressed in an atypical clinical picture. This determines problems of rapid diagnosis and pathogenesis, in which both the local and systemic secondary immunodeficiency state is put in the forefront, autoimmune inflammation and reactions of free radical oxidation. The most typical symptoms and signs of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs include, in particular, chronic salpingo-oophoritis - a common nosological item from this group, which has important social and demographic significance, since the most affected group, according to statistics, are women of reproductive age. The emphasis was placed on approaches to diagnosis using not only data from the collected history and physical examination but also methods based on modern instrumental and minimally invasive methods. Special attention was paid to measures aimed at correcting risk factors and preventing this disease, etiotropic therapy with the presentation of a specific scheme of the most rational antibiotic therapy, pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment to alleviate the condition before the eradication of the pathogenic microorganism or their association in the composition of biofilms and cure patients, and correction such unpleasant complications as vaginal dysbiosis, which can develop against a background of powerful antibiotic therapy and is not a measure of inadequate treatment and change of the selected regimen.
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE ORGANISM OF THE PELVIC ORGANS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT OPTIONS
Authors: Burova Natalia A. , Serdyukov S. V , Sadovskaya K. A , Zharkin N. A
Published: September 2020

Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (IDPO) remain one of the most pressing and debatable problems of modern gynecology. Currently, IDPO acquired an erased course due to immune and vascular changes at the local and systemic level, leading to endothelial dysfunction, which, in the absence of acomprehensive, step-by-step treatment, causes chronicity and disrupts the fertility of women. We examined 184 patients with acute episodes of IDPO divided into 2 groups: the main group included 94 patients and the comparison group consisted of 90 patients. All patients started comprehensive drug anti-inflammatory therapy. Patients of the main group additionally received a vaginal laser-magnetopuncture from the 2nd to the 7th day of treatment. To assess the state of endothelial function, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serum was used to determine the level of a metabolite of nitric oxide (NO) iNOS - inhibited endothelial NO synthase and endothelin-1. Similar markers were determined in the blood serum of 20 healthy women volunteers of the reproductive age. As a result of the study, in the acute phase of inflammation there was found an increase in both the vasodilator NO and the vasoconstrictor - endothelin-1, which was 2.5 times higher than in healthy women, which confirms the presence of endothelial dysfunction in IDPO patients, which cannot be stopped when carrying out traditional therapy. The use of improved complex treatment with the inclusion of preformed exposure factors contributed to the reduction in the production of NO and endothelin-1, the normalization of epithelial cells and the restoration of the vasomotor function of the endothelium. The use of laser-magnetic vaginal exposure in the early period of treatment and rehabilitation of IDPO patients may help prevent chronic inflammation and normalize the specific functions of the female body.
QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER HYSTERORESECTOSCOPY IN THE HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES IN ENDOMETRIUM
Authors: Trubitsyna Margarita V. , Bakhtiyarov K. R
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the assessment of the results of hysteroresectoscopy in hyperplastic processes in endometrium, namely, menstrual status, as well as such an important aspect as the quality of life of women after this treatment method. 52 patients with hyperplastic processes in the endometrium were examined, in all cases the effectiveness of hysteroresectoscopy in eliminating uterine bleeding, with the achievement of the maximum result, amenorrhea, was observed in 43 (82.69%) women. In all the subjects, a significant decrease in the quality of life and impaired sexual function were found, which significantly improved after surgery: energy 8.86 ± 2.92, pain 2.88 ± 0.83, sleep 6.65 ± 2.46, emotional reactions 6.02 ± 0.69, social isolation 3.23 ± 0.89, physical activity 4.55 ± 2.11; 22 (42.31%) - increased satisfaction; 9 (17.31%) - noted an increase in the frequency of sexual contacts.
APPLICATION OF EXOGENOUS GESTAGENES IN OBSTETRIC PRACTICE AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM OF PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Novruzova Delyara R. , Sosnova E. A
Published: September 2020

The review considers the use of gestagens in obstetric practice and their impact on the hepatobiliary system of pregnant women. The aim of this study was to analyze the dynamics of the main biochemical parameters of blood in pregnant women in need of therapy with exogenous gestagens.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSTICS IN THE I TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY: THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Kuzmina Tat’yana E. , Timokhina E. V , Ignatko I. V , Lebedev V. A
Published: September 2020

Prenatal diagnosis is one of the priority areas of modern obstetrics. Improving diagnostic capabilities, the introduction of new methods gradually led to the fact that the first trimester of pregnancy became a full-fledged diagnostic stage in assessing the condition of the fetus, identifying genetic problems and a significant number of malformations. Understanding the value of the proposed methods, the sequence of their use, the accuracy of the results are extremely important for the choice of management for a particular pregnancy.
THE ROLE OF ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE IN THE PATOGENESIS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Paramonova N. B , Semeryuk Tatyana A.
Published: September 2020

Anti-Müllerian hormone is one of the most significant factors regulating woman’s reproductive function, which inhibits endogenous production of estrogens, induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in human endometrial stromal cells. Disturbance of Anti-Müllerian hormone expression could be an important link to pathogenesis of endometriosis.
THE STATE OF THE HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM IN PREGNANT WOMEN WHO RECEIVED PROGESTERONE THERAPY
Authors: Novruzova Delyara R. , Sosnova E. A , Tumbinskaya L. V , Kirakosyan E. V
Published: September 2020

Introduction. One of the most common drugs for maintaining pregnancy is exogenous progesterone. With the expansion of the indications for its use during pregnancy, the number of complications associated with it may increase. Material and methods. The article presents the results of a prospective study of medical records of pregnant women, which were observed in the V.F. Snegirev Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic in 2017 and received exogenous progesterone therapy. Results. The dynamics of changes in the studied biochemical parameters was multidirectional in the main and control groups. According to pregnancy outcomes, statistically significant differences between the groups were not found. Conclusions. Critical abnormalities of the main biochemical parameters in pregnant women of the main group were not detected. Preparations of the gestagen series in appropriate dosages do not significantly affect the main indicators of the hepatobiliary system and pregnancy outcomes, so their use is permissible under the control of laboratory parameters.
LEARNING CURVE OF ROBOT-ASSISTED MYOMECTOMY
Authors: Tyan A. G , Slukhanchuk Ekaterina V.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Robot-assisted myomectomy is the most modern types of surgical interventions for uterine myoma in patients of reproductive age. It benefit in simplicity of intracorporeal suturing and lack of laparoscopic myomectomy limitations. Of great scientific interest is the speed of mastering the method. We studied the learning curve of a robot-assisted myomectomy based on our own experience. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of 45 robot-assisted operations for uterine myomas from August 2016 to June 2017 was performed at the City Clinical Hospital named after S.I. Spasokukotskiy. All operations were performed by a single surgeon with extensive experience in laparoscopic surgery. The surgeon had no experience of robotic operations. Results. According to a retrospective analysis, there was stromg correlation between the acquired experience of robotic surgery and such indicators as the average duration of the operation, the time of thermal ischemia and the volume of blood loss. Conclusion. The learning curve of a robot-assisted myomectomy for an experienced laparoscopic surgeon improves to 15 operations. This experience is enough to perform operations with a minimum duration, volume of blood loss and complications.
Efektivitas dan selektivitas beberapa bahan aktif herbisida untuk mengendalikan gulma pada dua varietas tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sesquipedalis L.)
Authors: Purnomo Wahyu Eko , Hasjim Saifuddin
Published: September 2020

Field experiments on the effectiveness and selectivity of herbicides use several active ingredients there were Sulfentrazone, Ethyl Pirazosulfuron, and Oxifluorfen with 2 varieties there were Peleton and Kanton tavi. The purpose of the study was to discover the most effective and selective herbicide active ingredients. The study was conducted from February to May 2019. This study used a randomized block design with 7 treatments, namely A (Kontrol), B (Oksifluorfen, peleton), C (Etil pirazosulfuron, peleton), D (Sulfentrazon, peleton), E (Oksifluorfen, kanton tavi), F (Etil pirazosulfuron, kanton tavi), G (Sulfentrazon, kanton tavi). Each treatment was repeated 4 times. The data were analyzed used analysis of variance (ANOVA), further testing used the DMRT test with a 5 % level. The results showed that the application of herbicides made from sulfentrazone, ethyl pirazosulfuron, oxifluorfen in peleton varieties and kanton tavi can suppress weed growth in the research area. The best weed control results were shown by herbicide treatment with sulfentrazone as active ingredient in the kanton tavi variant. The best long bean production results were shown by herbicide treatment with sulfentrazone in peleton varieties. The application of herbicides with active oxifluorfen made no symptoms of phytotoxicity, but decreased the yield of kanton tavi varieties and peleton varieties.
Seleksi ketahanan beberapa varietas unggul kedelai terhadap serangan hama kepik hijau (Nezara viridula L.)
Authors: Ayu Nanda Faraz , . Suharto
Published: September 2020

Green stink bug (Nezara viridula L.) is a pod-sucking pest that can cause losses of up to 80%. The use of resistant varieties is an initial control effort that can be reduced or prevent losses due to green stink bug attacks on soybean plants. This study aims to determine the resistance of some soybean varieties to the attack of green stink bug (N. viridula). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment used 5 soybean varieties namely V1 = Dega 1, V2 = Devon 1, V3 = Dena 1, V4 = Deja 1, V5 =. Detap 1. Each experimental unit is covered and invested 5 stink bug nymphs third instar. Based on the results, showed that Deja 1 and Detap 1 varieties are the best varieties to suppress the percentage of attacks and are included in the category of plants resistant to N. viridula, and have a significant affect to productivity higher than other varieties. Trichome density, hardness and skin thickness of pods significantly affect to the percentage of N. viridula attack so that it is included in the mechanism of antixenosis resistance.
Entre o trabalho e a orgia
Authors: Paranhos Adalberto
Published: September 2020

Durante o primeiro governo Vargas, valores antinômicos circularam socialmente, como aqueles que envolviam o culto ao trabalho regular e metódico e sua negação. Isso se retratou inclusive na produção musical da época, que, de uma forma ou de outra, tomou parte ativa no debate que então se instalou e que oscilava entre a afirmação do batente e a glorificação da batucada. Se a condenação à ociosidade se assenta sobre bases que, no caso brasileiro, remontam aos primórdios do período colonial, ela, historicamente, jamais deixou de conviver com seu oposto. Afinal, nem todos os compositores se deixaram apanhar na rede da exaltação do trabalho propagado pela ideologia do trabalhismo, quando não por integrantes do front artístico nacional. Falas dissonantes repontaram aqui e ali, numa demonstração de que nunca se consegue calar por inteiro as divergências e as diferenças. É o que se propõe evidenciar este artigo, ao trabalhar com a canção (notadamente o samba) como documento histórico e investigar parte da produção fonográfica dos anos 1930 e 1940. Por fim, o que se constata é que, apesar da férrea censura dos organismos oficiais (particularmente do DIP – Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda) durante o “Estado Novo”, ela não foi suficiente para que se rompessem de vez os estreitos vínculos tecidos entre o samba e a malandragem, por maiores que fossem as ambiguidades e contradições que se expressavam no interior do próprio campo da música popular brasileira.
Malandro é malandro, mané é mané
Authors: Baião José Geraldo Pereira
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho analisa características de uma personagem imortalizada em nossa música popular por Moreira da Silva, o Kid Morengueira: o malandro, que, para DaMatta (1994) se revela, no contexto da sociedade brasileira, "um profissional do jeitinho". O malandro prototípico materializa o que Antonio Candido (2004) denomina de "a dialética da malandragem" – uma espécie de intercambialidade entre um polo da ordem ou das condutas socialmente aceitas e um polo da desordem ou das atitudes ilícitas. Desse encontro do permitido e do proibido surge uma certa ausência de juízo moral, já que para o malandro existe uma relativa correspondência e fluidez entre o mundo da ordem e o mundo da desordem. O malandro não padeceria de conflitos de consciência, porque seus parâmetros de distinção entre o lícito e o ilícito revelam-se relativos e fluidos.
Roquianos, suburbanos e dançarinos
Authors: Garson Marcelo
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é iluminar alguns aspectos da gênese do rock and roll no Brasil. Analisando o curto período localizado entre 1955 e 1960, busca-se contestar a ideia de que, nessa época, o rock era praticamente inexistente enquanto prática social, composto em grande medida por iniciativas esparsas de intérpretes já consagrados. Não trabalhando com noções pré-definidas do que é rock, é possível enxergar como o mesmo conceito muda de definição com o passar do tempo. Uma extensa análise dos jornais e revistas da época deixa claro que rock and roll já era bastante reconhecido, sendo entretanto tomado como dança e não como gênero musical. É justamente essa natureza que nos interessa analisar, o que nos leva à descoberta de um circuito de eventos sociais extremamente movimentado nos subúrbios cariocas. Nesses locais, os dançarinos disputavam concursos onde a superioridade técnica de suas acrobacias estava em jogo. Organizados a partir da lógica dos shows de variedades, esses eventos contavam com atrações das mais diversas, revelando em sobremedida como a atmosfera do espetáculo é importante para compreender o papel social da música nessa época.
On the Feature Selection of Microarray Data for Cancer Detection based on Random Forest Classifier
Authors: Nuklianggraita Tita Nurul , Adiwijaya Adiwijaya , Aditsania Annisa
Published: September 2020

Cancer is a disease that can affect all organs of humans. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) fact sheet in 2018, cancer deaths have reached 9.6 million. One known way to detect cancer that is with Microarray Technique, but the microarray data have large dimensions due to the number of features that are very much compared to the number of samples. Therefore, dimension reduction should be made to produce optimum accuracy. In this paper, we compare Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to reduce the dimension of microarray data. Moreover, by using Random Forest (RF) Classifier, the performance of classification (cancer detection) is compared. Based on the simulation, it can be concluded that LASSO is better than MRMR because it can produce an evaluation of 100% in lung and ovarian cancer, 92% colon cancer, 93% prostate tumor, and 83% central nervous system.
The environmental impact of COVID-19
Authors: Ansari Mohd Kafeel Ahmad , Owens Gary , Khan Nasreen Islam
Published: September 2020

COVID-19, previously known as “2019 novel coronavirus”, is a newly discovered virus which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, similar to corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has spread widely through human to human contact and was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. To cope with this pandemic many countries have adopted nationwide lockdowns which restrict nonessential activities and encourage their populations to avoid public transport, work from hone wherever possible, and to maintain social distancing at all times. While the severity of these shutdowns has varied with country, large geographic regions of the world (including China, India, Iran, Italy, Spain, and the USA) have all been severely affected, not just in the loss of human life, but also in terms of the financial impacts the lockdowns will have on their countries future prosperityIt was previously reported that a number of environmental factors, including humidity and temperature, played an important role in development and spread of the SARS-Corona Virus infection with the virus retaining viability for over 5 days at temperatures between 22–25oC and relative humidity (RH) of 40–50%. Whereas, elevated temperatures and higher RH (38oC, and >95% RH) decreased virus viability (Kroumpouzos et al., 2020). The spread of COVID-19 started in low temperature areas of China, with major outbreaks subsequently occurring in Iran, Japan, Northern Italy and South Korea. These new virus epicenters all had similar temperature and latitude, along the 30-50◦N” zone. Subsequently, the virus was spread to regions of elevated temperature, such as India, the Middle East and Thailand, due to international travel (Kroumpouzos et al., 2020).The aim of this study was to consider the environmental impact of COVID-19, including water pollution. The paper is divided into four sections. In the first section the current literature related to COVID-19 is reviewed. In the second section a recent update on COVID-19 globally is presented, followed by a descriptive impact on the environment in the third section and finally in the fourth section the COVID-19 related worldwide environmental impact is discussed. Since COVID-19 is a currently an active pandemic with no end in sight, while constructive conclusions can only be made on the limited data currently, which may be prone to high errors. However, these conclusions may provide some preliminary suggestions for assisting in assessing spreading patterns of COVID-19 across the globe, and may be of long-term significances with respect to assessing the environmental impact of lockdown policies due to COVID-19 worldwide.
A Clinical Study Measuring Dental Aerosols with and without a HVE Device
Authors: Nulty Adam , Lefkaditis Chris , Zachrisson Patrik , Van Tonder Quintus , Yar Riaz
Published: September 2020

(1) Introduction: External high volume extraction devices may offer a way to reduce any aerosol particulate generated. The aim of this study was to measure the particle count during dental aerosol procedures and compare the results to when a High Volume Extraction device is used; (2) Methods: A comparative clinical study measuring the amount of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol particulate with and without the use of an external High Volume Extraction device was undertaken. In total, 10 restorative procedures were monitored with an an industrial Trotec PC220 particle counter. The air sampler was placed at the average working distance of the clinicians involved in the study - 420mm.; (3) Results: In the present study aerosol particulate was recorded at statistically significantly increased levels during dental procedures without an external high volume extraction device versus with the device. The null hypothesis was rejected, in that significant differences were found between the results of the amount of aerosol particle count with and without a High Volume Extraction device.; (4) Conclusion: If the results of the present study are repeated in an in vivo setting, an external high volume suction device may potentially lower the risk of transmission of viral particulate.
Fast and Accurate Core Analysis by the Full-Immersion Pressure-Pulse Decay: Part 1—Theory
Authors: Hannon Michael J.
Published: September 2020

Core-scale measurements are considered the ground truth that oil and gas or electric utility companies use to predict the migration of fluids such as oil, natural gas, carbon dioxide, or brine deep underground during their extraction or injection operations. To provide a greater understanding of petrophysical properties of low-permeability geologic formations such as shales and tight gas sandstones, this study introduces a novel core-analysis procedure. The technique follows conventional pressure-pulse-decay permeametry, where the pressure in an inlet chamber adjacent to a cylindrical core plug undergoes a rapid pressurization, the system is shut in, and the pressure reaches a new equilibrium. However, unlike a standard unidirectional pressure-pulse decay, the full-immersion pressure-pulse decay (Hannon 2019) applies a pressure disturbance to the entire outer surface area of the sample. This article covers the numerical simulator designed to model flow through an anisotropic porous sample in this scenario. The model assumes distinct but uniform permeabilities along the radial and axial directions of the cylindrical plug sample. When extracting a plug vertically (or perpendicular to bedding), the permeability along the radial direction associates with the horizontal permeability (i.e., parallel to bedding), whereas in the axial direction, flow occurs perpendicular to bedding (a vertical permeability). Investigations of these model outputs demonstrate an approximately 20-fold decrease in time to complete a full-immersion experiment compared with conventional pressure-pulse decay. Furthermore, the pressure-decay curves resulting from the full-immersion method have slightly different shapes than those resulting from other unidimensional transient methods. These differences begin to demonstrate that, under achievable experimental conditions, the analysis of pressure data from one full-immersion test could enable the simultaneous estimation of the apparent permeabilities parallel and perpendicular to bedding of a cylindrical sample in addition to its porosity. A follow-up article finalizes the proof of this capability with a parameter-estimation procedure and presents experimental verification through a proof-of-concept study. Described in greater detail in that article, the parameter estimator requires multiple forward simulations to analyze the data, which behooves minimizing the compute time for each simulation. By using an alternating direction implicit time-marching scheme and a structured but variably spaced grid, the numerical simulator built for this purpose provides a forward model output with suitable accuracy in approximately 0.5 seconds.
Identification of bipolar disorder using a combination of multimodality magnetic resonance imaging and machine learning techniques
Authors: Li Hao , Cui Liqian , Cao Liping , Zhang Yizhi , Liu Yueheng , Deng Wenhao , Zhou Wenjin
Published: September 2020

Background: Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a common mood disorder that is often goes misdiagnosed or undiagnosed. Recently, machine learning techniques have been combined with neuroimaging methods to aid in the diagnosis of BPD. However, most studies have focused on the construction of classifiers based on single-modality MRI. Hence, in this study, we aimed to construct a support vector machine (SVM) model using a combination of structural and functional MRI, which could be used to accurately identify patients with BPD.Methods: In total, 44 patients with BPD and 36 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Clinical evaluation and MRI scans were performed for each subject. Next, image pre-processing, VBM and ReHo analyses were performed. The ReHo values of each subject in the clusters showing significant differences were extracted. Further, LASSO approach was recruited to screen features. Based on selected features, the SVM model was established, and discriminant analysis was performed.Results: After using the two-sample t-test with multiple comparisons, a total of 8 clusters were extracted from the data (VBM = 6; ReHo = 2). Next, we used both VBM and ReHo data to construct the new SVM classifier, which could effectively identify patients with BPD at an accuracy of 87.5% (95%CI: 72.5-95.3%), sensitivity of 86.4% (95%CI: 64.0-96.4%), and specificity of 88.9% (95%CI: 63.9-98.0%) in the test data (p=0.0022). Limitations: The sample size was small, and we were unable to eliminate the potential effects of medications. Conclusions: A combination of structural and functional MRI can be of added value in the construction of SVM classifiers to aid in the accurate identification of BPD in the clinic.
A Survey on Data Analysis on Large-Scale Wireless Networks: Online Stream Processing, Trends, and Challenges
Authors: de Medeiros Dianne Scherly Varela , Neto Helio do Nascimento Cunha , Lopez Martin Andreoni , Magalhães Luiz Claudio Schara , Fernandes Natalia Castro , Vieira Alex Borges , Silva Edelberto Franco , Mattos Diogo Menezes Ferrazani
Published: September 2020

In this paper we focus on knowledge extraction from large-scale wireless networks through stream processing. We present the primary methods for sampling, data collection, and monitoring of wireless networks and we characterize knowledge extraction as a machine learning problem on big data stream processing. We show the main trends in big data stream processing frameworks. Additionally, we explore the data preprocessing, feature engineering, and the machine learning algorithms applied to the scenario of wireless network analytics. We address challenges and present research projects in wireless network monitoring and stream processing. Finally, future perspectives, such as deep learning and reinforcement learning in stream processing, are anticipated.
Identification of ALDH3A2 as a novel prognostic biomarker in gastric adenocarcinoma using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yin Zhenhua , Wu Dejun , Shi Jianping , Wei Xiyi , Jin Nuyun , Lu Xiaolan , Ren Xiaohan
Published: September 2020

Background: Extensive research has revealed that genes play a pivotal role in tumor development and growth. However, the underlying involvement of gene expression in gastric carcinoma (GC) remains to be investigated further.Methods: In this study, we identified overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing tumor tissue with adjacent normal tissue using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.Results: Our analysis identified 79 up-regulated and ten down-regulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis and prognosis analysis were conducted on the identified genes, and the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) gene, ALDH3A2, was chosen for more detailed analysis. We performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and immunocorrelation analysis (infiltration, copy number alterations, and checkpoints) to elucidate the mechanisms of action of ALDH3A2 in depth. The immunohistochemical (IHC) result based on 140 paraffin-embedded human GC samples indicated that ALDH3A2 was over-expressed in low-grade GC cases and the OS of patients with low expression of ALDH3A2 was significantly shorter than those with high ALDH3A2 expression. In vitro results indicated that the expression of ALDH3A2 was negatively correlated with PDCD1, PDCD1LG2, and CTLA-4.Conclusion: We conclude that ALDH3A2 might be useful as a potential reference value for the relief and immunotherapy of GC, and also as an independent predictive marker for the prognosis of GC.
Development of EST-SSR Markers and Association Mapping with Floral Traits in Syringa oblata
Authors: Yang Yunyao , He Ruiqing , Zheng Jian , Hu Zenghui , Wu Jing , Leng Pingsheng
Published: September 2020

Background: Lilac (Syringa oblata) is an important woody plant with high ornamental value. However, very limited genetic marker resources are currently available, and little is known about the genetic architecture of important ornamental traits for S. oblata, which is hindering its genetic studies. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop effective molecular markers and understand the genetic architecture of complex floral traits for the genetic research of S. oblata.Results: In this study, a total of 10,988 SSRs were obtained from 9,864 unigene sequences with an average of one SSR per 8.13 kb, of which di-nucleotide repeats were the dominant type (32.86%, 3,611). A set of 2,042 primer pairs were validated, out of which 932 (45.7%) exhibited successful amplifications, and 248 (12.1%) were polymorphic in eight S. oblata individuals. In addition, 30 polymorphic EST-SSR markers were further used to assess the genetic diversity and the population structure of 192 cultivated S. oblata individuals. 234 alleles were detected, and the PIC values ranged from 0.23 to 0.88 with an average of 0.51, indicating a high level of genetic diversity within this cultivated population. The analysis of population structure showed two major subgroups in the association population. Finally, 20 significant associations were identified involving 17 markers with nine floral traits using the mixed linear model. Moreover, marker SO104, SO695 and SO790 had significant relationship with more than one trait.Conclusion: The results showed newly developed markers were valuable resource and provided powerful tools for genetic breeding of lilac. Beyond that, our study could serve an efficient foundation for further facilitate genetic improvement of ﬂoral traits for lilac.
Clinical features of gingivostomatitis due to primary infection of Herpes simplex virus in children
Authors: Huang Chen-Wei , Hsieh Chi-Hsien , Lin Ming-Ru , Huang Yhu-Chering
Published: September 2020

Background: Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (PHGS) in children, though usually self-limited, might mimic bacterial and enteroviral pharyngitis clinically. We conducted a study to define the clinical features of PHGS in children.Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2016, 282 inpatients aged less than 19 years with cell culture-confirmed herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in a medical center were identified from the virologic laboratory logbook. Clinical data were retrospectively collected.Results: Among the 282 inpatients, 185 cases were considered as PHGS and were included for analysis. Fever was present in 99.5%. The mean duration of fever was 5.11 days (±2.24) with the longest being 17 days. Common oral manifestations included oral ulcers (84.3%), which equally resided in the anterior and posterior part of the oral cavity (65.4% vs. 63.2%), gum swelling and/or bleeding (67.6%), and exudate coated tonsils (16.8%). Leukocytosis (WBC count >15,000/uL3) was noted in 52 patients (28.1%) and a serum C-reactive protein level >40 mg/L in 55 patients (29.7%). 65 patients (35%) were diagnosed with PHGS on admission and were significantly more likely to have ulcers over the anterior oral cavity (76.1% vs. 26.7%) and gum swelling/bleeding (76.2% vs. 7.5%, p-value all <0.001) on admission and were significantly less likely to receive antibiotic treatment (16.9 vs. 36.7%, p-value < 0.01) than others. 46 patients (25%) undiagnosed as PHGS on discharge were significantly more likely to have exudate coated on the tonsils, to receive antibiotic treatment and significantly less likely to have gum swelling/bleeding and oral ulcers (all p-values < 0.01). Conclusions: Meticulously identifying specific oral manifestations of gum swelling/bleeding and ulcers over the anterior oral cavity in children can help making the diagnosis of PHGS earlier and subsequently reduce unnecessary prescription of antibiotics.
A health care record review of early mobility activities after fragility hip fracture: Utilizing the French systematic method to inform future interventions
Authors: Haslam-Larmer Lynn , Woo Kevin , Auais Mohammad , Donnelly Catherine , DePaul Vincent
Published: September 2020

BackgroundA fragility hip fracture is a serious injury in older adults. After experiencing a fracture, a large percentage of patients do not regain their pre-fracture level of mobility. There are several international guidelines recommending early mobility after surgery. We do not know the usage of these early mobility recommendations by health care providers within our institution. An evidence-to-practice gap occurs when there is a failure to implement best practices. Utilization of a systematic method allows for a strategic approach to assessment of an evidence-to-practice gap. There were two aims of this project; to describe early mobility activities undertaken on one post surgical unit and b) to identify if there is an evidence-to-practice gap.MethodsAt a large tertiary centre in Toronto, Ontario, medical records from one calendar year were abstracted for older adults (≥65 years of age) recovering from fragility hip fracture repair. Data regarding demographics, co-morbidities, surgery type, post-operative mobility activities, and any post-operative complications were collected. Primary outcomes were evidence of early mobility activities and a comparison to Health Quality Ontario recommendations for fragility hip fracture care.ResultsBetween 11% - 50% of patients are not participating in early mobility activities. By postoperative day five only two patients had walked over 50 metres. Those with low pre-fracture functional ability and a cognitive impairment consistently experienced lower rates of participation compared to patients with a high pre-fracture functional ability and no cognitive impairment. Chi-square tests and regression analysis did not reveal any significant associations with variables.ConclusionsThere is very limited participation in early mobility activities after surgery. The study was unable to identify any significant relationships between several variables that may impact participation. This chart review identified the processes that have been sustained and highlights potential areas for future interventions.
Physiological and molecular characterization of active fungi in pesticides contaminated soils for degradation of glyphosate
Authors: Njoku Kelechi L. , Eludini Peter O. , Adesuyi Adeola A. , Ude Emea O. , Oyelami Ayodeji O.
Published: September 2020

Understanding the physiological and molecular characteristics of naturally occurring fungi in glyphosate pesticide contaminated environment is crucial to managing its contamination. The study was aimed at isolating and characterizing soil fungi for their physiological roles towards glyphosate degradation. Pure cultures of fungi were isolated from soil contaminated with glyphosate at farms in Lagos, Nigeria. The cultures were grown on minimal salt agar media amended with glyphosate. The best isolates exhibiting good tolerance to the glyphosate were characterized using molecular techniques. The BLAST search indicated that the fungi belong to four Aspergillus species ( Aspergillus flavus strain JN-YG-3-5, Aspergillus niger strain APBSDSF96, Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052 and Aspergillus flavus strain APBSWTPF130, Trichoderma gamsii and Penicillium simplicissimum . The biodegradation study of the glyphosate by the selected fungi species showed the presence of Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) except for Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052. Annotation analysis of the partial gene sequence shows that the strains possess protein coding gene clusters for glyphosate utilization and other physiological activities. The GhostKOALA output confirmed that CYP2W1 gene (Cytochrome P450, fungi type) was present in Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052 which was absent in genome of other fungi. The physiological and molecular characteristics of Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052 clearly show that this isolate is a useful organism for managing contamination by glyphosate pesticide.