bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELASI MAKNA DALAM RUBRIK “AH… TENANE” KORAN SOLOPOS DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Nugroho Arif Wahyu , Wardani Nugraheni Eko , Purwadi Purwadi
Published: December 2019

This research aims to describe: (1) the relation of meaning used in the rubric “Ah Tenane” newspaper SOLOPOS Edition April 2017; and (2) the relevance of the rubric “Ah Tenane” newspaper SOLOPOS 2017 Edition in Indonesian Language learning in high school. This research used a qualitative description of the approach. This type of research is the analysis of the contents. Sampling techniques using a purposive sampling method. Data collection using the technique of the analysis of the documents and interviews with informants. The validity of the data using triangulation theory and triangulation of sources. Data analysis using interactive analysis. Results of the study include: (1) the relation of meaning used in the rubric "Ah ... Tenane "newspaper SOLOPOS Edition April 2017 is synonymous with the time factor, the factor of place or region, keformalan factors, social factors, activities factors, and shades of meaning. Ofarim with absolute factor, the relative factors of relational factors, factor, hierarkial. There is also which, homonimi, and hiponimi; (2) the rubric "Ah ... Tenane "newspaper SOLOPOS Edition April 2017 relevant if implemented in Indonesia language learning in high school. Based on informants, the rubric "Ah ... Tenane "newspaper SOLOPOS April 2017 Edition has the information and entertainment that can be read by students.
Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar dan Prestasi Belajar Pendidikan Karakter Nilai Kedisiplinan Melalui Pembelajaran Tematik Pada Peserta Didik Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Pujiwibawa Agung Apriliarso , Haryanto Samsi , Yamtinah Sri
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to enhance learning motivation and learning achievement of character education in disciplinary values in grade III students of SDN 2 Japan, Dawe, Kudus 2014/2015 Academic Year. This research is a classroom action research consisting of two cycles including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study are 25 of Students. Data are obtained using interviews, documentation and questionnaire. Data analysis techniques used are qualitative descriptive. The results of the classroom action
research show that; 1) Application of thematic learning with the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach can appropriately increase motivation and learning achievement of character education in the discipline value of students in Elementary School 2 Jepang, Dawe sub-district, Kudus 2014/2015 Academic Year. Based on the results of the distribution of questionnaires on students' learning motivation, it was found that the success target of cycle I (76%) increased in cycle II to (96). 2) The advantage of thematic learning with the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach is that learning becomes more meaningful because students are shown the material concepts with the real world experienced in everyday life. The weaknesses students are hesitant in expressing their opinions.
Peningkatan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Melalui Implementasi Model STAD Pada Mata Pelajaran PKn Kelas IV SD 5 Bae Kabupaten Kudus Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015
Authors: Purwati Chris , Akhyar Muhammad , Fadhilah Siti Sutarmi
Published: December 2019

The objectives of this research are: (1) to improve of the learning motivation in civics education subject matter of the students in grade IV of primary school 5 of Bae, Kudus regency in academic year 2014/2015; and (2) to improve the learning achievement in civics education subject matter of the students in grade iv of primary school 5 of Bae, Kudus regency in academic year 2014/2015. This research used the classroom action research with two cycles. Each cycle consisted of four phases, namely: Planning, Implementation, Observation, and Reflection. The subjects of research were the students in grade IV of the school. The data of research were collected through observation, documentation, in-depth interview, and test of learning achievement. They were analyzed by using the descriptive model o analysis. The results of research are as follows: 1) The STAD learning model can improve the learning motivation in Civics Education subject matter of the students in Grade IV of Primary School 5 of Bae, Kudus Regency in Academic Year 2014/2015. It trains the students to deliver their opinions and to have cooperation or teamwork in their own team. Prior to the treatment (Pre-cycle), their learning motivation was 53.99%. After the treatment, it became 65.22% in cycle I and 82.61% in cycle II respectively. 2) The STAD learning model can also improve the learning achievement in Civics Education subject matter of the students in Grade IV of Primary School 5 of Bae, Kudus Regency in Academic Year 2014/2015. Prior to the treatment, the percentage of the students’ learning completeness was 26.09%. After the treatment, it became 56.52% in Cycle I and
95.65% in Cycle II respectively.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Berbasis Information Technology Pada Pembelajaran IPA Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Ditinjau Dari Kemandirian Belajar
Authors: Lestari Endang , Sunardi Sunardi , Suryani Nunuk
Published: December 2019

The purpose to be achieved in this research is to know; 1) differences in the influence of the use of media ICT and conventional learning against learning achievement in grade V Diponegoro Cluster Elementary Schools, 2) the difference between the effect of learning independence in the high and low categories of the learning achievement of students in grade V Diponegoro Cluster Elementary Schools, 3) the interaction of the use of ICT media and learning independence on the learning achievement of the students of grade V Diponegoro Cluster Elementary School. This type of research uses the 2x2 Factorial Experimental Method. The research population was all elementary school students of grade V Diponegoro Cluster Elementary School, Bae sub-district, Kudus. The research is using Random Sampling Clusters, Selected SDN 2 Dersalam and SDN 1 Dersalam. Data collection techniques is using questionnaire and test. Hypothesis testing is using Two Path ANAVA Technique. The results of the study are: 1) there is significant differences in the influence of ICT learning media and conventional learning on science learning achievement (Fcount 4,808> Ftable 4,000), 2) there is significant differences in the effect of learning independence on science learning achievement (Fcount 4,770> Ftable 4,000), and 3 ) there is a significant influence of learning media interaction and learning independence on science learning achievement (Fcount 4.402> Ftable 4,000)
Pencegahan Perkawinan Dini dan Sirri melalui Collaborative Governance Berbasis Gender di Kabupaten Pati Berbasis Gender di Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Dewi Siti Malaiha , Rahayu Rahayu , Kismartini Kismartini , Yuniningsih Tri
Published: December 2019

Pernikahan dini di pedesaaan marak terjadi termasuk di Desa Prawoto, Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kabupaten Pati. Sebagian besar perkawinan dilakukan secara sirri, selebihnya dilakukan secara tercatat melalui proses dispensasi nikah. Berbagai upaya pencegahan pernikahan di bawah umur sudah dilakukan terutama oleh pihak KUA Sukolilo dengan melakukan penolakan secara institusional melalui pelaksanaan kebijakan pembatasan usia minimal perkawinan dan pendekatan terhadap tokoh agama yang berperan menikahkan mereka secara sirri, tetapi hasilnya belum signifikan, bahkan banyak persoalan kesenjangan gender  yang terjadi dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan tersebut setelah dianalisis menggunakan Gender Analysis Pathway.  Dengan demikian, collaborative governance  berbasis gender menjadi solusi alternatifnya dengan melibatkan masyarakat, pemuda, tokoh agama, tokoh perempuan, Ketua RT, Kepala Desa, Kecamatan, KUA, dan Pengadilan Agama.
Isolated Segmental Humeral Shaft Fracture Without Vascular Compromise Complicated by Brachial Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Sanders Drew , Kelly Drew , Starr Adam
Published: December 2019

Case:

We report an unusual case of a closed humeral shaft fracture, with no vascular compromise, resulting in brachial compartment syndrome. Our patient was successfully treated with fasciotomy and external fixation, followed by staged open reduction and internal fixation and skin grafting.

Conclusion:

Although uncommon in the upper arm, suspicion for compartment syndrome should remain high for patients with unrelieved pain and swelling after humeral shaft fracture. Serial physical examination and invasive monitoring can assist in the diagnosis. Fasciotomy and staged fracture repair can yield good results.
Faktor Pengaruh Keputusan Berbelanja Warga Nahdliyin di Mini Market Buana
Authors: Puspitasari Intan
Published: December 2019

AbstractCooperation  in the economic field would  be an option for the owner of funds with limited ability to develop personal assets and groups. Cooperation of mini market establishment of Buana conducted by MWC NU Kebonsari sub-district with manager and shareholder. The establishment of a mini market formed by Nahdliyin residents in the midst of the Nahdliyin community created a new problem when the business unit formed together collapsed. This condition showing Nahdliyin residents need  more study that commitment of  Nahdliyin people to NU values is different from Nahdliyin's commitment to the business unit formed by the NU organization.This study aims to explore the factors that influencing interest of shopping among the Nahdliyin citizens. Quantitative research data was collected by questionnaires of 73 respondents are randomly selected. This research was anallyzed by using descriptive quantitative and  inferential statistic method using regression and correlation test. The result of empirical test proves that economic factor is influencing shopping interest by 89%. AbstrakKerjasama di bidang ekonomi sering kali  menjadi pilihan guna mengembangkan aset kelompok. Kerjasama dalam rangka meningkatkan kemandirian oaganisasi keagamaan. Pembentukan mini market Buana yang dilakukan oleh MWC NU kecamatan Kebonsari dilakukan penggalangan dana pengurus dan anggota serta pengelola yang dianggap kompeten di bidang jual beli. Pendirian unit usaha bersama bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian organisasi dan pemenuhan kebutuhan seluruh warga Nahdliyin secara ekonomi. Mini market bentukan warga Nahdliyin di tengah-tengah masyarakat Nahdliyin menimbulkan permasalahan baru ketika unit usaha yang dibentuk secara bersama-sama ini mengalami kemunduran. Hal ini menjadi tanda tanya apakah warga Nahdliyin memang membelanjakan uangnya di tempat lain, di sisi lain timbul pertanyaan komitmen warga Nahdliyin terhadap nilai-nilai NU memang berbeda dengan komitmennya terhadap unit  usaha yang dibentuk oleh organisasi NU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat berbelanja di kalangan warga Nahdliyin.  Pengumpulan data penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket terhadap 73 responden yang dipilih secara random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistik inferensial menggunakan uji regresi dan korelasi. Hasil uji empiris membuktikan bahwa bauran pemasaran mendominasi pengaruh minat berbelanja sebesar 89%.
Recipient and Instructor perspectives of an adapted exercise-based fall prevention program for older adults with vision impairment: a qualitative study nested within a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dillon Lisa , Clemson Lindy , Nguyen Helen , Jakobsen Kirsten B , Martin Jodi , Tinsley Frances , Keay Lisa
Published: December 2019

Background People with vision impairment are at an increased risk of falls compared with their sighted peers, but have very little access to existing community fall prevention programs. The Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (LiFE) program can prevent falls in older people and may be suitable for adults aged ≥50 with vision impairment.Methods The LiFE program was adapted for older adults with vision impairment (v-LiFE) and delivered by Orientation and Mobility Specialists (Instructors), who are experienced with individualised programs for people with vision impairment. Perspectives of older adults with vision impairment (recipients) receiving the v-LiFE program and their Instructors were explored through semi-structured interviews.Results Of 73 trained Instructors, 51(70%) delivered at least one session to a total of 240 older adults with vision impairment between March 2017 and May 2019. Of these, 11/51(22%) Instructors and 154/172(90%) of invited recipients (until thematic saturation was reached) were interviewed. Six key themes were identified relating to recipient (delivery aptitude; social norms; habit formation) and Instructor (individualised adaptation; complimentary to scope of practice; challenges to delivery) perspectives. Instructors considered delivering v-LiFE as an extension of their scope of work.Conclusions Older adults with vision impairment demonstrated positive attitudes towards the program, but younger or more physically fit recipients considered the program too easy for them. The perspectives of recipients and instructors indicate that the v-LiFE program delivered within existing services may fill the gap for a fall prevention program for people with vision impairment.
“Every in the morning when I wake up it’s the first thing that comes to my mind’’ Sexual Assault Survivor women’s experience in Hosanna, Ethiopia.
Authors: Agidew Beliyou Abebe , Mamo Abebe , Birhanu Zewdie , Yedenekal Shifera Asfaw
Published: December 2019

Background: sexual assault is physically forced or otherwise coerced penetration even if slight of the vulva or anus, using a penis, other body parts or an object. Global prevalence figure indicates that 1 in 3 (35 %) of women worldwide have experienced either physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence in their lifetime. There are limited researches conducted on the area of lived experiences of women with sexual violence. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of sexual assault survivor women in Hosanna, Ethiopia. Method: Phenomenological study design was carried out among purposively selected six sexual assault survivor women’s and three key informants. In-depth interviews were conducted using local language, Amharic by using a semi structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed and translated into English, and the data were analyzed thematically by qualitative data management software (Atlas ti version 7.0.15). Result: Not only the community who victimizes the survivors; the survivors themselves isolate from the community. All the survivors’ quest for revenge besides seeking justice. Coping of the survivors affected with a feeling of justice is done or not done, social reaction. They have also strong intention to disclose the issue for their close family and community member. The participants live with fear and distrust; afraid of being raped again, they don’t dare daring to trust people easily. Conclusion: The current study showed that sexual assault was a lifetime journey to recover. Some community members also blamed by the survivors for failing to help during their bad times. Therefore, community based awareness campaign should be implemented. In parallel, health policy makers and health professionals should give due emphasis on build post-rape care units or integrated service with other units.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) Recording Protocol for Cognitive and Affective Human Neuroscience Research
Authors: Farrens Jaclyn L. , Simmons Aaron M. , Luck Steven J. , Kappenman Emily S.
Published: December 2019

Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the most widely used techniques to measure human brain activity. EEG recordings provide a direct, high temporal resolution measure of cortical activity from noninvasive scalp electrodes. However, the signals are small relative to the noise, and optimizing the quality of the recorded EEG data can significantly improve the ability to identify signatures of brain processing. This protocol provides a step-by-step guide to recording the EEG from human research participants using strategies optimized for producing the best quality EEG.
Contribution of IL9, IL2RA and IL2RB genetic polymorphisms in coronary heart disease in Chinese Han population
Authors: Chen Xianghong , Wang Xingfan , Zhang Zaozhang q , Chen Yuewu , Wang Chao
Published: December 2019

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. In the pathogenesis of CHD, inflammatory cytokines take an essential part. This study was designed to detect the potential association between IL-9, IL-2RA and IL-2RB variants and CHD in Chinese Han population.
Methods: This case-control study conducted 499 CHD patients and 496 healthy controls. Seven selected SNPs were genotyped to investigate the possible association between the polymorphisms and the CHD risk. The interaction of SNP-SNP in the CHD risk was analyzed by Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR).
Results: We observed an association between IL-9 rs55692658 (OR = 1.72, p = 0.003) and the increased CHD risk. The stratification analysis by age indicated that no matter participants who were older or younger than 61 years, IL-9 rs55692658 and IL-2RB rs1573673 contributed to the CHD susceptibility significantly (p < 0.05, respectively). IL-9 rs55692658 showed an increasing-risk effect (OR = 2.32, p = 0.003), while IL-2RA rs12722498 was correlated with the decreased susceptibility of CHD (OR = 0.54, p = 0.033) in female. Furthermore, IL-2RA rs12569923 was related to the diabetes risk in the CHD patients (OR = 1.50, p = 0.028). MDR analysis revealed a positive interaction between the SNPs.
Conclusion: The present study firstly demonstrated that IL-9 rs55692658，IL-2RA rs12569923, rs12722498 and IL-2RB rs3218264 polymorphisms might be related to CHD. The results required further validation by larger studies.
Prognostic factors for hospital mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: yang sheau-ning , Perng Diahn-Warng , Chung Mei-Ing , Ko Hsin-Kuo , Lo Po-Chun , Chang Yuh-Lih , Hsu Chia-Chen , Huang Hsin-Yi
Published: December 2019

Background: The prognostic factors for hospital mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been characterised well. We aimed to determine the impact of respiratory hospitalisation on patient outcomes and the prognostic predictors for hospital mortality.Methods: Data from patients with IPF was collected and analysed from two cohorts, TaiwanNational Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) between 2001 and 2011 and a national medical centre (NMC)between 2001and 2015. Results: 122 patients in NHIRD cohort were recruited. The median survival was lower in patients with respiratory hospitalisation (25/122, 29.8%) compared with non-respiratory hospitalisation(59/122, 48.4%) in NHIRD cohort (2.3 years vs non-respiratory 9 years, p=0.007). In NMC cohort (N=47), patients with acute respiratory deterioration (ARD) hospitalisation (30/47,63.8%) compared with non-ARD hospitalisation (17/47, 36.2%) had poor survival (0.9 monthsvs 29.6 months,p<0.001). The differences in survival between two cohorts were associated with age, causes of hospitalisation, mechanical ventilation and comorbidities. The patients hospitalised for ARD had statistically higher GAP score, lower oxygenation, higher C-reactive protein levels, higher neutrophil counts and lower serum albumin level compared to those non-ARD hospitalisation. For both in-hospital and 1 year mortality, multivariate analysis adjusting for patient characteristics confirmed the independent predictive factors were steroid pulse therapy, acute exacerbation and mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The respiratory hospitalisation negatively impacted patient outcomes, and the independent prognostic factors may be utilised to refine the management in patients with IPF.
Incidence and maternal-fetal risk factors of stillbirth: A population-based historical cohort and a nested case-control study
Authors: Maleki Zahra , Ghaem Haleh , Seif Mozhgan , Foruhari Sedigheh
Published: December 2019

Background: For parents, stillbirth is a disappointing phenomenon; thus, identifying the associated risk factors can be beneficial in order to prevent this event. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with stillbirth.Methods: In this historical cohort study, a total of 18129 birth records were investigated. For each case of stillbirth, three live birth infants on the same day and same hospital were selected as the controls, which were matched for gestational age. The data was collected using a researcher-made checklist. Finally, data were analyzed using STATA, 13.0 with Cox proportional hazards regression model at the significance level of 0.05.Results: The cumulative incidence of still birth was 9.48 per 1000 live births. Based on multivariate Cox regression model, five risk factors for stillbirth were identified, including male gender, fetal diseases, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and hypothyroidism, (all hazard ratios > 1 and p<0.05).Conclusion: For the first time, maternal hypothyroidism, oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios were shown as risk factors for stillbirth, which were not evaluated in any previous study. The findings of this study suggest that some maternal and fetal risk factors can be recognized as predictors of stillbirth, which might help to prevent and detect high-risk parents at early stages in order to avoid adverse health consequences in the mother and her neonate.
Response of Chickpea (Cicer aritienum L.) to Sulphur and Zinc Nutrients Application and Rhizobium Inoculation in North Western Ethiopia
Authors: Shewangizaw Beza , Argaw Anteneh , Feyisa Tesfaye , Wold-Meskel Endalkachew , Abdulkadir Birhan
Published: December 2019

In sub-Saharan Africa, multiple plant nutrients deficiency besides N and P is a major growth-limiting factor for crop production. As a result, some soils become non-responsive for Rhizobium inoculation besides P application. Based on the soil test result, the soil of experimental sites had low OM, N, P, S and Zn. Hence, an experiment was carried out on-farm, during 2016/17 growing season, at Gondar Zuria woreda in Tsion and Denzaz Kebeles to evaluate the effect of Rhizobium inoculation, S and Zn application on yield, nodulation, N and P uptake of chickpea. The experiment included twelve treatments developed via factorial combination of two level of inoculation (Rhizobium inoculated, un-inoculated), three level of S (0, 15, 30 kg Sulphur ha-1) and two levels of Zn (0, 1.5 kg Zinc ha-1). The treatment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that the highest mean nodule number (15.3) and nodule volume (1.3 ml plant-1) over locations were obtained with Rhizobium inoculation integrated with 15 kg S and 1.5 kg Zn ha-1 which resulted in 37.8% and 116.7% increment over the control check, respectively. It was also observed that combined application of Rhizobium and 30 kg S ha-1 caused the highest (6.7) mean nodulation rating and seed yield (1775.5 kg ha-1) over locations which resulted in 86.1% and 28 % increase over the control check, respectively. Moreover, this treatment improved P use efficiency of chickpea. On the bases of observed result, it can be concluded that the response of chickpea to Rhizobium and P application can be improved by S application and Rhizobium inoculation with application of 30 kg S ha-1 with recommended rate of P and starter N is recommended for chickpea production at the experimental locations in Gonder Zuria Woreda.
Potential of a Small Indoor Plant on the Desk for Reducing Office Workers’ Stress
Authors: Toyoda Masahiro , Yokota Yuko , Barnes Marni , Kaneko Midori
Published: December 2019

In modern society, stress reduction in the workplace is a pressing issue. Although many studies have been done on the psychological and physiological effects of indoor plants, the majority of them have been conducted in laboratory or quasi-office settings. The objective of this study was to verify the stress reduction effects of the presence of small indoor plants on employees in a real office setting. We investigated the changes in psychological and physiological stress before and after placing a plant on a worker’s desk. Sixty-three office workers at an electric company in Japan were the participants of this study. The participants were directed to take a 3-minute rest while sitting at their desk when they felt fatigue. There were two phases of the study: a control period without plants and an intervention period when the participants were able to see and care for a small plant. We measured psychological stress in the participants using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). As an index of physiological stress, the participants measured their own pulse rate throughout the study. STAI scores decreased significantly after the intervention period (P < 0.05). The ratio of the participants whose pulse rate lowered significantly after a 3-minute rest increased significantly during the intervention period (P < 0.05). Our study indicates that having opportunities to gaze intentionally at nearby plants on a daily basis in the work environment can reduce the psychological and physiological stress of office workers.
The links between suicidal behaviour and endorsement of myths about suicide in young people
Authors: Strukcinskienė Birute , Strukcinskaite Vaiva , Rauckiene-Michaelsson Alona
Published: December 2019

For many years in Lithuania the rate of suicide mortality has been remarkable in magnitude, especially in the young population. Social and public health determinants, risk behaviour issues, prevention and control of suicide in teenagers and young people needs urgent attention.

The aim of the study was to investigate the self-reported perception of young people - the university students concerning suicide, the myths and reality on this phenomenon, and the links between suicidal behaviour and endorsement of myths about suicide. The self-reported survey was conducted in the university settings. The results of the survey showed that young people lack knowledge about the phenomenon of suicide and suicidal behaviour, and they still believe myths about suicide. The study revealed that one-fifth of young people had suicidal thoughts, and boys along with urban residents and suicidal family were at higher risk. Half of the students surveyed self-reported suicidal peers in their environment. Young people lack knowledge on suicide prevention, and preventive events. The study revealed that raising awareness, obtaining knowledge, and providing information to young people on the phenomenon of suicide, suicidal behaviour, and warning signs of possible attempt and suicide risk are the priority issues. Suicide prevention activities on individual, community, local and national levels need to be addressed.
Psychological factors of secondary school graduates’ hardiness
Authors: Serdiuk Liudmyla , Danyliuk Ivan , Chykhantsova Olena
Published: December 2019

The article examines the personal qualities of secondary school graduates that determine their hardiness at their professional self-determination. The modern approaches defining hardiness essence and factors, and peculiarities of its development are analyzed. The factors contributing to the enhancement of an individual’s hardiness in the situation of professional self-determination are considered.

Hardiness is understood as a holistic phenomenon of a personality that mediates stress impact on psychological well-being and health. Self-understanding and self-acceptance of secondary school graduates, their life goals, and life meanings, confidence in themselves and their capabilities are important. It is the psychological basis of personal resilience and life senses.
What critical thinking and for what?
Authors: Indrašienė Valdonė , Jegelevičienė Violeta , Merfeldaitė Odeta , Penkauskienė Daiva , Pivorienė Jolanta , Railienė Asta , Sadauskas Justinas , Valavičienė Natalija
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the construction of the critical thinking concept in higher education and its change in scientific publications between 1993 and 2017. Based on a systematic literature review, the following research questions are raised: how does construction of critical thinking concept change in the context of higher education during time? How are personal, interpersonal, and social aspects expressed in the concept of critical thinking in the context of higher education? The systematic literature review revealed significant grow of publications starting from 1998.  It is also disclosed slight change in treating critical thinking as purely general or domain-specific competence. The authors of the researched articles do not make clear division between critical thinking as a general and as a domain-specific competence. Researchers in different fields tend to associate critical thinking with the development of a person’s cognitive and intellectual capacities, including skills and attitudes. However, some authors reveal also interpersonal and social aspects of critical thinking. Alas, there are not so many publications in favour of such comprehensive approach. But there is still some hope that critical thinking will be treated and nurtured as personal, interpersonal and social competence.
Phytopreparations in respiratory therapy
Authors: Knyazheskaya N. P. , Bobkov E. V.
Published: December 2019

It is known that the use of medicinal plants, including as part of comprehensive therapy, significantly enhances therapeutic capabilities and allows you to achieve better clinical results. WHO called on all governments to make traditional medicine using medicinal herbs a part of public health systems. Cough medicines for respiratory diseases are subject to the following requirements: the drug should relieve inflammation of the respiratory tract, ensure their release through secretolytic, secretomotor action, and at the same time facilitate coughing, combat the cause of the disease and its complications, providing a comprehensive etiopathogenetic approach to treatment. The preparation possessing secretolytic, expectorant and anti-inflammatory action due to extracts of medicinal plants contained in its structure: thyme, ivy and primrose meets these requirements. Thyme has anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibacterial medicinal effect, blocking the growth of various strains of bacteria and fungi. The antiviral effect of thyme against influenza, parainfluenza and rhinosyncytial virus was demonstrated in the test of neutralization of viral plaque formation. These properties have also been proven to a certain extent for ivy leaf extracts. The mechanism of action has only recently been studied. Antibiotic effects have been studied in detail in vitro, which also confirmed the antiviral and antifungal effects. Ivy also has an antibacterial effect, and extracts of primrose roots showed antifungal activity. The main mechanism of action of the phytopreparation includes normalization of mucous viscosity, anti-inflammatory and broncholytic effects. There are certain groups of patients (children, elderly) in whose therapy the use of the phytopreparation is particularly appropriate. 

The drug under consideration is produced in two main dosage forms: a syrup containing liquid extracts of thyme herb and ivy leaves, and tablets (Bronchipret TP) containing dry extracts of thyme and primrose roots. In the process of production of the preparation highly effective technologies of extraction of extracts from plant raw materials are applied, in particular, gentle lowtemperature vacuum extraction in a closed cycle, which allows to prevent quantitative and qualitative changes of active components as much as possible.
The applicability of real-time flood forecasting correction techniques coupled with the Muskingum method
Authors: Yang Ruixiang , Hou Baodeng , Xiao Weihua , Liang Chuan , Zhang Xuelei , Li Baoqi , Yu Haiying
Published: December 2019

Improving flood forecasting performance is critical for flood management. Real-time flood forecasting correction techniques (e.g., proportional correction (PC) and Kalman filter (KF)) coupled with the Muskingum method improve the forecasting performance but have limitations (e.g., short lead times and inadequate performance, respectively). Here, particle filter (PF) and combination forecasting (CF) are coupled with the Muskingum method and then applied to 10 flood events along the Shaxi River, China. Two indexes (overall consistency and permissible range) are selected to compare the performances of PC, KF, PF and CF for 3 h lead time. The changes in overall consistency for different lead times (1–6 h) are used to evaluate the applicability of PC, KF, PF and CF. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) for 3 h lead time, the two indexes indicate that the PF performance is optimal, followed in order by KF and PC; CF performance is close to PF and better than KF. (2) The performance of PC decreases faster than that of KF and PF with increases in the lead time. PC and PF are applicable for short (1–2 h) and long lead times (3–6 h), respectively. CF is applicable for 1–6 h lead times; however, it has no advantage over PC and PF for short and long lead times, respectively, which may be due to insufficient training and increase in cumulative errors.
Le morphème -ag- dans le kingwana
Authors: Nshimirimana Epimaque , Misago Manoah-Joël , Tuyubahe Pascal
Published: December 2019

Cet article a pour objectif de décrire morphosyntaxiquement le constituant morphématique -ag(a) attesté dans la structure verbale du kingwana. Une démarche d’analyse relevant de la morphologie morphématique combinatoire a été appliquée sur des phrases recueillies dans la ville de Bujumbura. Notre étude a abouti à trois résultats. D’abord, le complexe morphématique -ag(a) est constitué de la voyelle finale -a et du morphème -ag- qui se place en position pré-finale après toutes les extensions verbales. Ensuite, -ag- est un morphème flexionnel ayant la valeur sémantique de l’aspect imperfectif couvrant à la fois les valeurs contextuelles de l’habituel, de l’itératif et du duratif. Enfin, cet aspect imperfectif -ag- s’oppose au perfectif -meisha- et attribue au kingwana les caractéristiques d’une langue aspectuo-temporelle.
Role of Breathing Exercises and Yoga/Pranayama in Childhood Asthma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Das Rashmi Ranjan , Sankar Jhuma , Kabra Sushil Kumar
Published: December 2019

Background:

arious complementary or alternative medicines (including breathing exercises and yoga/pranayama) have been tried as an attractive option to pharmacotherapy in childhood asthma.

Objective:

To evaluate the role of breathing exercise and yoga/pranayama as add on therapy to the “pharmacologically recommended treatment” of childhood asthma.

Methods:

We searched the published literature in the major databases: Medline via Ovid, PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, and Google Scholar till June 2018. Randomized trials comparing breathing exercises and yoga/ pranayama versus control or as part of a composite intervention versus control were included. The primary outcome measures were quality of life and change in asthma symptoms. Secondary outcomes were: decrease in medication use, number of exacerbations, change in lung function and immunological parameters, school absenteeism and adverse events.

Results:

A total of 10 trials (466 children, 6-14 years age) were included. The severity of asthma varied among the trials. The data for primary outcome measures could not be pooled, there were mixed results for both primary and secondary outcomes. No significant benefit was obtained in acute asthma and the lung function tests [except PEFR % at 4-6 weeks, PEF absolute at 3 months, and FVC absolute at 3 months] in chronic asthma. One trial compared breathing exercise versus yoga and found no difference. Adverse events were not significant.

Conclusion:

Breathing exercise and yoga/ pranayama may have some additive role in the treatment of childhood asthma. However, at present, it cannot be recommended as a standard of care due to insufficient data.
Total Phenolics, Total Carotenoids and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Unconventional Vegetables Growing in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Mohammad K. , Rana Ziaul H. , Kabir Nazura , Begum Parveen , Kawsar Mahbuba , Khatun Maksuda , Ahsan Monira , Islam Sheikh N.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Phenolics and carotenoids are natural antioxidants, which provide health
benefits and protect against degenerative chronic diseases. Utilization and identification of foods
with a high content of these have received greater attention nowadays.

Objective:

The present study reports the total phenolics (TPC) and total carotenoids (TCC) contents
of thirty-two selected unconventional vegetables growing in Bangladesh. In addition, they were also
analyzed for their antioxidant potentials.

Methods:

Folin-Ciocalteu and acetone-petroleum ether extraction followed by spectrophotometric
measurements was employed for TPC and TCC, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of the selected
unconventional leafy vegetables were analyzed using DPPH and Trolox equivalent antioxidant
capacity (TEAC) assays.

Results:

The results revealed that the TPC ranged from 82.41 mg GAE/100 g in Kiokro to 2711.05 mg
GAE/100 g in Mrolapiong whereas the TCC values ranged from 43.05 μg/100 g in Fala to 12863.54
μg/100 g in Roktodrone. The study findings also revealed that the selected plant samples exhibited
high antioxidant capacities. Mrolapiong demonstrated the highest DPPH inhibition (91.31%) and
TEAC (485.55 μmol Trolox/g) value than others. The antioxidant capacities were attributed to phenolic
compounds as there exists a positive correlation between these two variables. Bioactive phytochemicals
are widely distributed in these vegetables, although their amounts vary among the different
types of vegetables.

Conclusion:

The study results suggest that the analyzed vegetables may provide a possible source of
dietary antioxidants and serve as materials for functional foods. Therefore, their production and consumption
must be encouraged in order to preserve biodiversity and prevent their extinction.
MicroRNAs Associated with Overweight and Obesity in Childhood: A Systematic Review
Authors: Flórez Carlos Andrés Rico , García-Perdomo Herney Andrés , Escudero Mildrey Mosquera
Published: December 2019

Background:

Overweight and obesity prevalence has risen substantially in the last years.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are factors that regulate gene expression through binding to a complementary
sequence of mRNA.

Objective:

The objective of this review is to determine the association between the expression of
miRNAs with overweight and obesity in children.

Methods:

A systematic search was carried out in Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, LILACS, and CENTRAL.
Clinical trials, cohort studies, cases and controls, and cross-section studies were included.
Quasi-experimental, prognostic studies, animal experiments, in silico studies, and studies on the adult
population were excluded.

Results:

Seven studies (684 children) were included in this review. Three hundred and sixty-one
children had obesity/overweight and 323 had normal weight. 40.64% (278) of the children were
boys. The classification of obesity was inconsistent between the studies with several classifications
used. A total of 65 miRNAs were reported to be associated with obesity and overweight; at least two
studies reported miR-122, miR-122-5p, miR-15b, miR15b-5p, miR191-5p, miR-222, miR-222-3p,
miR 486, miR-486-3p and miR-486-5p. Blood samples were the most common samples used to
measure miRNAs, and the approaches to select miRNAs were diverse, with four articles performing
high-throughput techniques (sequencing and microarrays) before the validation of the miRNAs associated
with obesity. Pathway analysis of the repeated miRNAs showed that they were involved in the
regulation of metabolic and signaling pathways, including fatty acid metabolism.

Conclusion:

miRNAs are potential biomarkers of the development of pathologies, such as obesity. It
was found a heterogeneous group of these molecules was associated with obesity in children. miR-
15b-5p, miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-122-5p were considered as good candidates for obesity biomarkers.
A Call for a Public Health Agenda for Social Media Research
Authors: Pagoto Sherry , Waring Molly E , Xu Ran
Published: December 2019

Research has revealed both the benefits and harms of social media use, but the public has very little guidance on how best to use social media to maximize the benefits to their health and well-being while minimizing the potential harms. Given that social media is intricately embedded in our lives, and we now have an entire generation of social media natives, the time has come for a public health research agenda to guide not only the public’s use of social media but also the design of social media platforms in ways that improve health and well-being. In this viewpoint we propose such a public health agenda for social media research that is framed around three broad questions: (1) How much social media use is unhealthy and what individual and contextual factors shape that relationship; (2) What are ways social media can be used to improve physical and mental well-being; and (3) How does health (mis)information spread, how does it shape attitudes, beliefs and behavior, and what policies or public health strategies are effective in disseminating legitimate health information while curbing the spread of health misinformation? We also discuss four key challenges that impede progress on this research agenda: negative sentiment about social media among the public and scientific community, a poorly regulated research landscape, poor access to social media data, and the lack of a cohesive academic field. Social media has revolutionized modern communication in ways that bring us closer to a global society, but we currently stand at an inflection point. A public health agenda for social media research will serve as a compass to guide us toward social media becoming a powerful tool for the public good.
Rehabilitation Exergames: Use of Motion Sensing and Machine Learning to Quantify Exercise Performance in Healthy Volunteers (Preprint)
Authors: Haghighi Osgouei Reza , Soulsby David , Bello Fernando
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND

Performing physiotherapy exercises in front of a physiotherapist yields qualitative assessment notes and immediate feedback. However, practicing the exercises at home lacks feedback on how well patients are performing the prescribed tasks. The absence of proper feedback might result in patients performing the exercises incorrectly, which could worsen their condition. We present an approach to generate performance scores to enable tracking the progress by both the patient at home and the physiotherapist in the clinic.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to propose the use of 2 machine learning algorithms, dynamic time warping (DTW) and hidden Markov model (HMM), to quantitatively assess the patient’s performance with respect to a reference.

METHODS

Movement data were recorded using a motion sensor (Kinect V2), capable of detecting 25 joints in the human skeleton model, and were compared with those of a reference. A total of 16 participants were recruited to perform 4 different exercises: shoulder abduction, hip abduction, lunge, and sit-to-stand exercises. Their performance was compared with that of a physiotherapist as a reference.

RESULTS

Both algorithms showed a similar trend in assessing participant performance. However, their sensitivity levels were different. Although DTW was more sensitive to small changes, HMM captured a general view of the performance, being less sensitive to the details.

CONCLUSIONS

The chosen algorithms demonstrated their capacity to objectively assess the performance of physical therapy. HMM may be more suitable in the early stages of a physiotherapy program to capture and report general performance, whereas DTW could be used later to focus on the details. The scores enable the patient to monitor their daily performance. They can also be reported back to the physiotherapist to track and assess patient progress, provide feedback, and adjust the exercise program if needed.
TOPICS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION ELECTIVE BLOCK: A STUDY USING DELPHI METHOD
Authors: Geraldo Geraldo , Rukmini Elisabeth
Published: December 2019

Background: Problematic practices performed by doctors and clinical phase students often be found in the workplace settings. Common problems related to team working is the highest rated problems. To overcome this problem, we designed an elective course, Medical Education block (ME) and have implemented the course since 2014. This study aimed to find topics in ME which were meaningful toward medical student’s practices. Methods: A Delphi method were utilized. The experts were the subjects themselves to acknowledge that they were the participants of the ME block, other elective blocks, and clerkship. There were 21 respondents consisted of 2012, 2013 and 2014 bathces. All the subjects were in their clerkship or at the end of their education. They were divided into two groups: who enrolled in ME (n=10), and other blocks (n=11). The questionnaire was consisted of three parts. The first part listed 5 main topics with responses of agree/disagree. The second part listed the same topics, but subjects needed to response the weight on each topic. The last part listed 27 topics in ME Block that might or might not relate to clerkship. Responses were given in agree/disagree. Results: Using two-rounded Delphi method, we found the average of rate of agreement (roa) on the first round was 88% and the second was 81%. There were only 2 statements of the second part which had roa >70%. Thus, the second part went to the 2nd round together with the 3 statements of the third parts. Finally, there were only 2 statements of the second parts achieved roa and there were 2 topics left undecided of the third part. Conclusion: Few topics which were proven useful for medical students were personal education, medical education research, and professionalism. Keywords: practices, medical education, elective course
THE UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS’ PITFALLS IN EYE EXAMINATION STATION OF OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION
Authors: Doni Widyandana , Agni Angela Nurini , Supartoto Agus
Published: December 2019

Background: High prevalence of eye disorders in Indonesia requires medical doctors to be skillful and well trained in ophthalmologic examination. Undergraduate medical students usually start their clinical simulation practice and ophthalmology assessment in a safe learning environment. Skill laboratory as the learning facility should be evaluated and improved regularly. This study aimed to evaluate student’s pitfalls in the eyes OSCE station. Methods: Descriptive analytic study involving Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) eye examination station score from 1st - 4th year undergraduate medical students batch 2010 in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia (n=516). All checklists’ scores were analyzed based on particular sub-scales in every examination topic to explore the most pitfalls made by students in eye examination station during OSCE. Results: The order average value of each subscale in OSCE are: Doctor patient interaction (88.42), History taking skills (82.44), Professionalism (76.43), Physical Examination (74.62), Diagnosis (60.68), Management of Pharmacotherapy (54.70). The percentage of failed-students (scores <70) in 1st-4th year OSCE based on topics skills were Year 1: Visual field (5.08%), Visual acuity (14.21%), Anterior Segment (2.54%). 2nd year: IOP by palpation (24.38%), Visual acuity (9.38%), Anterior Segment (29.38%). Year 3:  visual field (4.94%), IOP by palpation (2.47%), Visual acuity (12.35%), Anterior Segment (7.41%), Posterior Segment (22.22%). Year 4: Comprehensive eye exam (17.95%). Conclusions: Students mostly challenged in the skills of diagnosis establishment and pharmacological management. The highest number of failed students in each year OSCE vary from each year. 1st year failed most at visual acuity examination, 2nd year was anterior segment examination and 3rd year was posterior segment examination. Those three skills need to be enhanced systematically. Keywords: OSCE, pitfall pattern, eye examination, undergraduate students, skill laboratory