bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Natural and Climatic Factors (the Earth’s Magnetic Field) in Selected Territories: Report 1
Authors: Noskov SN , Golovina EG , Stupishina OM , Yeremin GB , Krutikova NN
Published: October 2021

Background: A man is constantly exposed to numerous environmental factors, including meteorological conditions of the earth and space weather. The study of human health effects of these factors is of increasing interest both for science and practice.
Objective: To compare instrumental and computational methods for assessing the Earth’s magnetic field in selected territories for further identification of priority natural and climatic factors and development of region-specific measures for adaptation of the local population to climate change, which should be taken into account when conducting social and hygienic monitoring.
Methods: Instrumental measurements of the Earth’s magnetic field strength were carried out on the territories of the Moscow, Voronezh, Rostov, and Krasnodar regions of the Russian Federation, in August 2020. The total number of measurements was at least 15 at each point. The studies were conducted in accordance with the existing approved standard.
Results and discussion: The territories for the study were selected taking into account changes in the latitude of the area, which has a priority importance in the formation of natural and climatic conditions of these regions. During the research, it was found that there was no significant difference in the values of the Earth’s magnetic field strength during the day and at night, which is associated with the main error of the device (MTM-01 three-component magnetometer). The obtained instrumental values of the magnetic field strength index ranged from 37.1 to 40.51 A/m. When analyzing the results obtained, there is a tendency to increase the intensity of the Earth’s magnetic field in the direction from South to North (Krasnodar Territory, Rostov, Voronezh, Moscow regions). The range of calculated values of the intensity indicator was from 39.9 to 42.19 A/m. The obtained
instrumental data correlate with the calculated values of the Earth’s magnetic field.
Conclusions: We conducted instrumental studies complying with existing models for estimating the Earth’s magnetic field strength, thus enabling application of our estimates in scientific research.
Analysis of Cancer Incidence in the Population of the Leningrad Region
Authors: Kovshov АА , Novikova YuA , Fedorov VN , Tikhonova NA , Istorik OA
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Extensive measures are taken in the Russian Federation to reduce cancer incidence and mortality in the population but the proportion of incident cases in advanced stages is still large while correct registration of deaths and diseases remains a challenge.
Our objectives were to study the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Leningrad Region, to establish territories at risk, and to analyze carcinogenic risk factors associated with environmental conditions in these territories.
Materials and methods: We used data of the Federal Statistical Observation Forms No. 7 “Information on Malignant Neoplasms”, No. 12 “Information on the Number of Diseases Registered in Patients Living in the Service Area of a Medical Organization”, No. 18 “Information on the Sanitary Condition of the Subject of the Russian Federation”, and information on the size of population by sex and age in the Leningrad Region and its districts for 2008–2018. We applied a direct method of standardizing incidence rates by age, analyzed the dynamics of incidence, and estimated statistical significance of differences in the incidence rates between the territories of comparison.
Results: Cancer incidence in the Leningrad Region was lower than that in Russia. In 2008–2018, the highest rates were registered in the Kirishsky and Podporozhsky districts. In the Podporozhsky district, the standardized incidence rate in 2018 was 328.1 cases per 100,000 population or 1.79 times higher than the regional average, while the average rate for 2008–2018 exceeded the regional average by 1.36 times. The Kirishsky district ranked second by the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Leningrad Region in 2018 (241.4 cases per 100,000 population or 1.32 times higher than the regional average), while the average rate for 2008–2018 exceeded the regional one by 1.47 times.
Conclusions: Additional research is necessary to establish the causes of high cancer incidence rates in the Kirishsky and Podporozhsky districts of the Leningrad Region.
Drinking Water Quality: Temporary Deviations from Hygienic Standards
Authors: Novikova YuA , Fedorov VN , Alenteva OS , Myasnikov IO
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Current legislation permits a phased achievement of drinking water quality standards by making decisions on temporary deviations from hygienic standards for the period of design, construction, and/or upgrade of water supply facilities.
Objective: To substantiate the mechanism for coordinating temporary deviations of concentrations of certain chemicals in drinking water from hygienic standards for the period of implementing measures for water quality improvement.
Materials and methods: We applied methods of sanitary and epidemiological expert examination and assessment and the method of system analysis to review and study current regulations, results of laboratory testing of water quality in centralized cold water supply systems for 2011–2019, and action plans of 83 constituent entities of the Russian Federation for improvement of tap water quality.
Results: We established that violation of hygienic standards was most often registered for aluminum, boron, bromine, iron, silicon, lithium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, and chloroform. Hygienic requirements for tap water quality determine necessary technological solutions to be implemented at water treatment facilities; yet, their implementation requires a certain amount of time and might cause temporary tap water quality deterioration making it necessary to agree with the local bodies in charge of federal sanitary and epidemiological surveillance a phased transition to eliminating threat to public health from poor quality drinking water.
Conclusions: The authors propose an algorithm for conducting a risk assessment and a mechanism for decision making on temporary deviations.
O cenário social na Grande Florianópolis mudou
Authors: Dos Passos Rafael Xavier
Published: October 2021

Catarinense de Rio do Sul, o psicólogo Anderson Giovani Silva está na Gerência Executiva do Instituto Comunitário da Grande Florianópolis (Icom) desde 2007. O Icom é uma fundação comunitária que presta serviços de assessoria a organizações da sociedade em diversas áreas, como na gestão, jurídica, financeira, marketing e comunicação. Também administra fundos de investimento social e participa de movimentos em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável e em apoio à inovação social. Anderson tem colocado sua experiência no campo social adquirida desde os tempos de escoteiro e da organização Associação Escola Oficina da Vida, que fundou em 2003. Também emprega seus conhecimentos de mestrado em Investimento Social (Filantropia e Empreendedorismo Social) concluído na Itália. O Icom completou 10 anos em 2015 e a data marcará também a saída de Anderson do comando da instituição.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n4.p8-15.2074
Educação em saúde: a abordagem sobre doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em salas de espera
Authors: Zacaron Katy Andrade Monteiro , Diniz Cristiane , Lazarini Juliana Santana , Almeida Luiz Eduardo de
Published: October 2021

O presente relato de experiência buscou evidenciar a experiência do “Projeto de Extensão Sala de Espera: enfoque multiprofi ssional” na abordagem da temática DST/Sífi lis em salas de espera de Unidades de Atenção Primária a Saúde. Dinamizado sob perspectiva crítica e refl exiva, desprende-se desta experiência o êxito da extensão universitária no fornecimento de ações promotoras de saúde e como instrumento indutório na contextualização de discentes de seus reais papeis como futuros profi ssionais de saúde.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n5.p61-65.2050
A base da Economia Solidária é a valorização da pessoa. O trabalhador em primeiro lugar
Authors: Dos Passos Rafael Xavier
Published: October 2021

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n5.p8-14.2189
Projeto Orquestra de Violões do IFSC
Authors: Bach Neto Jr Conrado
Published: October 2021

O projeto Orquestra de Violões do IFSC surgiu com o intuito de oferecer uma oportunidade a alunos (internos e externos) de participação e acesso ao conhecimento musical (ofi cinas de violão), bem como de organizar um grupo instrumental de violões. Durante o período de execução, tivemos alguns desafi os a serem superados, mas também signifi cativo retorno, constatado a partir dos bons resultados obtidos, o que nos motivou a dar continuidade ao projeto. Atualmente, estamos concentrando nossos esforços no sentido de consolidar as ações do projeto, a fi m de torná-lo de duração permanente. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n5.p82-87.2051
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELELAHAN KERJA PADA PERAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT UMUM GMIM PANCARAN KASIH MANADO
Authors: Tenggor Deivy , Pondaag Linnie , Hamel Rivelino S.
Published: October 2021

Abstract :Nurse is an important part of patient care so the nurse is not scarcely to provideoptimal servants so that sometimes causes fatigue to nurses caused by various factorsincluding age, years of service and workload, causing fatigue to nurses. Research Objectives:To find out the factors of relating for the fatigue of nurse work at the RSU GMIM PancaranKasih Manado. Research method: The mothod is using a cross sectiona research, the totalpopulation taken as many as 135 people with many samples taken is 40% of the totalpopulation. Research Results: Based on the results of statistical tests with Chi Square test therelationship of age to fatigue was obtained that the p-value 0,006 < 𝛼 0,05, the relationshipbetween work period and fatigue was obtained that the value was 0,114 > 𝛼 0,05, and therelationship between workload and fatigue is obtained that the p-value is 0,031 < 𝛼 0,05.Conclusions based on data can be concluded that there is a relationship between age andfatigue, the length of work with fatigue there is no relationship, while the workload withfatigue found a relationship.Keywords: Age, Workload, WorkPperiod, Nurse FatigueAbstrak : Perawat merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam perawatan pasien sehingga takjarang perawat dituntut untuk memberikan pelayan yang optimal sehingga terkadangmenyebabkan kelelahan pada perawat yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor antara lain umur,masa kerja dan beban kerja sehingga menyebabkan kelelahan pada perawat. TujuanPenelitian: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan kerja perawat diRSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Metode Penelitian: Metode yang digunakan adalahpenelitian cross sectional, dengan menggunakan uji chi-square jumlah populasi yang di ambilsebanyak 135 orang Perawat Banyaknya sampel yang diambil yaitu 40% dari total populasi.Hasil Penelitian : Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dengan uji Chi Square hubungan usia dengankelelahan diperoleh bahwa nilai p-value 0,006 <  0,05, hubungan masa kerja dengankelelahan diperoleh bahwa nilai 0,114 >  0,05, dan hubungan beban kerja dengan kelelahandiperoleh bahwa nilai p 0,031< 0,05. Kesimpulan berdasarka data dapat disimpulkanadanya hubungan antara usia dengan kelelahan, lama kerja dengan kelelahan tidak adanyahubungan, sedangkan beban kerja dengan kelelahan didapati adanya hubungan.Kata Kunci : Usia, Masa Kerja, Beban Kerja, Kelelahan Perawat
Hubungan Rhinitis Alergi Terhadap Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Admar Muhammad Anfasha
Published: October 2021

Pendahuluan: rhinitis alergi merupakan bentuk rhinitis kronis yang paling sering ditemukan. Sekitar lebih dari 10% penduduk di dunia mengalami rhinitis alergi. Belum diketahui dengan jelas dampak rhinitis alergi terhadap performa akademik. Tujuan: Mengetahui dampak rhinitis alergi pada performa akademik. Metode: Menggunakan literature searching dengan mencari kata kunci rhinitis alergi, academic performance, dan quality of life pada database seperti NCBI, Pubmed, dan Google Scholar yang kemudian discreening judul dan abstraknya kemudian dijadikan sumber literature untuk literature review ini. Hasil: Ditemukan dampak negatif pada performa akademik penderita rhinitis alergi yang tidak terkontrol ataupun yang berat, sedangkan pada rhinitis alergi ringan ataupun terkontrol didapatkan performa akademik yang meningkat, yang dapat dikarenakan latar belakang penderita rhinitis alergi yang lebih sering berada di negara maju dan urban yang notabene memiliki kultur kompetitif tinggi. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara rhinitis alergi dengan prestasi belajar
Anaysis of Different Energy Efficiency Algorithms in Cloud Computing
Authors:   Research Scholar, Akal College of Engineering and Technology Baru sahib (Himachal Pradesh), India., Dutta Neha , Cheema Pardeep ,   Professor, Akal College of Engineering and Technology Baru sahib (Himachal Pradesh), India.
Published: October 2021

Cloud computing is internet computing that offers metering-based services to customers. It implies accessing data from a consolidated pool of computer resources that may be requested and consumed on-demand. It also offers computer resources via virtualized over the internet. The data center is the most essential in cloud computing which includes a group of servers on which Business records are kept and applications operate. The data center which contains servers, cables, air conditioning units, networks, etc. uses more electricity and emits a large quantity of Carbon-di-oxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. One of the most significant problems encountered in cloud technology is the optimizing of Energy Usage. Hence the idea of cloud computing originated. It is a concept for allowing all over, on-demand access to a shared pool of customizable computer resources[ Wanneng Shu et. A.,2014].
Reinforcement Learning for Systematic FX Trading
Authors: Borrageiro Gabriel , Firoozye Nick , Barucca Paolo
Published: October 2021

We explore online inductive transfer learning, with a feature representation transfer from a radial basis function network formed of Gaussian mixture model hidden processing units to a direct, recurrent reinforcement learning agent. This agent is put to work in an experiment, trading the major spot market currency pairs, where we accurately account for transaction and funding costs. These sources of profit and loss, including the price trends that occur in the currency markets, are made available to the agent via a quadratic utility, who learns to target a position directly. We improve upon earlier work by learning to target a risk position in an online transfer learning context. Our agent achieves an annualised portfolio information ratio of 0.52 with a compound return of 9.3%, net of execution and funding cost, over a 7-year test set; this is despite forcing the model to trade at the close of the trading day at 5 pm EST when trading costs are statistically the most expensive.
Toward Theatrical Communitas
Authors: Sajewska Dorota
Published: October 2021

The term communitas, introduced into anthropological discourse by Victor Turner in the late 1960s, returned to humanist debates at the threshold of the twenty-first century by way of Roberto Esposito. Referring to Esposito’s concept of communitas, this essay brings out the anthropological tradition in thinking about the common, which Esposito had marginalized. The present author emphasized the importance of processuality and antistructural dimensions of egalitarian forms of togetherness, along with their potential to liberate human capacities of creativity. Examining the relation between munus and ludus, she shows theatricality residing immanently in the root of communitas. Focusing on the aesthetic and creative dimensions of togetherness helps in detecting multiple forms of commonality, and indicates various models of theatrical communitas. Exploring a nonnormative, transformative potential in experimental theater (Jerzy Grotowski, Sarah Kane, Ron Athey, Krzysztof Garbaczewski), she emphasizes collective, temporal, and excessive natures of theater that eschews the market-driven economy, along with the importance of a transversal communitas where the human being is only one of many actors. Some threads of the argumentation are expanded upon in a conversation with Leszek Kolankiewicz, included as an appendix.
New Forms of Communities? The Constitution and Performance of Audiences in Digital Theater during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Padberg Kai
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic plunged many theaters around the world into a temporary crisis and favored the rise of digital theater forms. This article investigates how the reception of theater changes in the digital space and, above all, how audiences as a social dimension of theatrical performances must first be constituted separately there. Based on performance analysis of the digital theater productions Homecoming and Sterben from Germany, the significance of the digital infrastructure for the assembly, performance, and action repertoires of these theater audiences is discussed. The author examines how audiences can be formed into different temporal communities in the digital space. These temporal communities are characterized by hybridity and have the potential to enable intense theatrical encounters across spatial boundaries.
Universality of the phenomenon of «neurotoxicity» (literature review)
Authors: Golovko Alexandr Ivanovich , Ivnitsky Jury Jurievich , Ivanov Maksim Borisovich , Rejnyuk Vladimir Leonidovich
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The neurotoxic effect is considered as one of the variants of the toxicity of many xenobiotics. Neurotoxic effects develop not only in poisoning, but also when exposed to biological (for example, pathogens of infectious diseases) and physical (for example, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation) factors. Materials and methods. The subject of the analysis was the phenomenon of neurotoxicity. The information was obtained by studying the databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, RSCI. Results. The absence of a single definition of the concept of «neurotoxicant» is noted. In addition to chemicals, other factors have neurotoxicity: biological, physical. The mechanisms of neurodegeneration under the influence of neurotoxicants with different mechanisms of action are similar and include excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, suppression of mitochondrial function, inhibition of neurogenesis and gliogenesis, oxidative stress, increased BBB permeability and apoptosis. The presented features allow us to speak about the universality of the phenomenon of «neurotoxicity». Conclusion. When considering the phenomenon of «neurotoxicity», certain difficulties arise. A clear idea of the etiological factors of this phenomenon is not fully formulated. A comprehensive classification of neurotoxicants has not been created. At the same time, the processes of neurodegeneration are very similar in cases of poisoning with neurotoxicants with different mechanisms of action, which proves the universality of the phenomenon of «neurotoxicity».
La cooperación transfronteriza entre España y Portugal en perspectiva
Authors: Medina-García Eusebio
Published: October 2021

En este artículo realizamos un recorrido diacrónico por la cooperación transfronteriza institucional entre España y Portugal, delimitando sus respectivos periodos de vigencia, sus principales hitos o referentes y las características de cada una de ellos. La metodología combina el análisis documental sobre fuentes secundarias con en el análisis del contenido y con el trabajo de campo. Entre las conclusiones, constatamos la decisiva influencia de los Fondos Estructurales Europeos, especialmente del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) y de la Iniciativa Comunitaria INTERREG en el proceso de consolidación de la cooperación transfronteriza en esta frontera, la proliferación de estructuras, instrumentos y agentes de cooperación; así como la necesidad de un mayor acercamiento entre la cooperación institucional y la cooperación tradicional.
La Ordenación del Territorio en Euskadi:su contribución a un desarrollo territorial y urbano equilibrado y sostenible
Authors: Leturiondo Aranzamendi Arantza , De la Puerta Rueda Ignacio
Published: October 2021

El Consejo Superior de Colegios de Arquitectos de España (CSCAE) ha concedido el Premio Nacional de Urbanismo 2020 a las Directrices de Ordenación del Territorio (DOT) del País Vasco, revisadas y aprobadas por Decreto 128/2019. Este premio es, sin duda, un reconocimiento a la práctica consolidada de la ordenación del territorio en el País Vasco. Fueron aquellas primeras DOT de 1997 las que iniciaron el largo camino de abordar la planificación de los diferentes usos del territorio de una manera integral, y lo hicieron con un elemento innovador: el carácter vinculante de algunas de sus determinaciones, que dejaban así de ser simples recomendaciones y pasaban a ser normas de obligado cumplimiento. Estas nuevas DOT representan la nueva estrategia territorial vasca hasta el horizonte 2040 y tratan de garantizar un uso sostenible del territorio, sin comprometer los recursos disponibles para las generaciones futuras. La gran novedad viene de la mano de haber introducido una serie de cuestiones transversales que dan sentido a la nueva ordenación como son: la perspectiva de género, la salud, el envejecimiento de la población, el cambio climático, la movilidad, la economía circular o la debida gobernanza. Su gran valor está, sin duda, en que se trata de un trabajo colectivo en el que ha habido una importante participación institucional y ciudadana que ha dado como resultado un documento que ha alcanzado consensos en todas las Administraciones vascas.
Effects of 2-Hz and 100-Hz Electroacupuncture Stimulation on Respiratory Function and Heart Rate Variability: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Takahashi Kazufumi , Wang Xiaoming , Shinohara Daiyu , Imai Kenji
Published: October 2021

Background: Bronchial contraction and dilation is thought to be caused by non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves. Objective: To investigate the effects of low-frequency (1-5 Hz) and highfrequency (50-100 Hz) electric acupuncture (EA) stimulation on bronchial dilation. Design:
Prospective, single-center study Setting: Teikyo Heisei University Subjects: Seventeen healthy male adults Randomization: We randomly assigned subjects to 2-Hz EA and 100-Hz EA groups in a crossover trial. The washout period was 2 weeks. Intervention: Both groups
underwent a respiratory function test, followed by a 5-minute rest, followed a 5-minute rest or EA stimulation, followed by a 5min rest. Heart rate variability was measured at rest, followed by another respiratory function test. Acupuncture was delivered near the cervical ganglia at the level
of the sixth cervical vertebra on the left side. EA stimuli were set to 2-Hz or 100-Hz, and stimulation intensity was set to a level where no pain was felt. Main outcome measures: Spirometry (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and maximum respiratory flow), autonomic
nerve activity (low-frequency component, high-frequency component, and their ratio), and heart rate variability. Results: Heart rate variability analysis showed significant differences in heart rate between the 2-Hz EA and 100-Hz EA groups. The 2-Hz EA group showed a significant increase
in HF.Conclusions: 2-Hz EA stimulation resulted in decreased heart rate and increased HF during stimulation. This may be more effective for regulation of the autonomic nerves of the cardiopulmonary system than 100-Hz EA stimulation. Future studies are required to confirm our findings.
Changes In Serum Leptin And Nesfatin-1 Levels Measured Before And After Acupuncture In Overweight/obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Aydin Tevhid , Kutlu Ruhusen , Alp Hayriye , Kilinc Ibrahim
Published: October 2021

Obesity has become a global epidemic and public health crisis in our country as well as all over the world.We aimed to investigate the changes in serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels measured before and after acupuncture in overweight/obese patients. This randomized controlled study was carried out on 90 overweight/obese patients. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (Acupuncture), Group 2 (Diet), and Group 3 (Control). Serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels were measured before and after the intervention. The 30 days leptin values were significantly decreased in the acupuncture group (p=0.040) while they were significantly increased in the control group (p=0.039). It was detected that the nesfatin-1 values were significantly increased in both acupuncture (p=0.032) and diet groups (p=0.017). Also, body weights significantly decreased both in acupuncture (p=0.032) and diet groups (p<0.001). In the present study, auricular acupuncture was found to be more effective than body acupuncture in reducing body weight. Our results support the effects of acupuncture treatment on appetite hormones. Further research on the mechanisms of endogenous and exogenous actions of the recently discovered hormones leptin and nesfatin-1 isneeded.
A Study on the Clinical Effect of Radiofrequency Acupuncture Treatment and Needling Response Depth Tissue Category on Cervical Type Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Wang Dong-Bo , Wang Yi-Jie , Tan Feng-Jin , Song Shi-Qing , Wu Chang-Yan
Published: October 2021

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of radiofrequency acupuncture (RFA) treatment on cervical type cervical spondylosis (CTCS), and to investigate the needling response depth of the neck acupoint using RFA and the needling response in tissues. Methods: A total of 174 patients with CTCS were randomly divided into two groups: an RFA group (n = 84) and a traditional acupuncture (TA) group (n = 90). The needling depth and the needling response impedance value were simultaneously recorded after treatment for both groups. Following one treatment course (one treatment per day for 12 days), the effect of treatment, the needling depth, and the needling response tissue category were evaluated and statistically analyzed. Results: In both groups, symptoms were significantly better than before treatment. The cure rates for the RFA group and the TA group were 81.0% and 64.4%, respectively and this difference in treatment effect between the two groups was statistically significant.
Heating ability of elongated magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Gubanova Elizaveta M , Usov Nikolai A , Oleinikov Vladimir A
Published: October 2021

Low-frequency hysteresis loops and specific absorption rate (SAR) of various assemblies of elongated spheroidal magnetite nanoparticles have been calculated for a range of particle semiaxis ratios a/b = 1.0 – 3.0. The SAR of a dilute randomly oriented assembly of magnetite nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field of moderate frequency, f = 300 kHz, and amplitude H0 = 100 - 200 Oe is shown to decrease significantly with an increase in the aspect ratio of nanoparticles. In addition, there is a narrowing and shift of the intervals of optimal particle diameters towards smaller particle sizes. However, the orientation of a dilute assembly of elongated nanoparticles in a magnetic field leads to an almost twofold increase in SAR at the same frequency and amplitude of the alternating magnetic field, the range of optimal particle diameters remaining unchanged. The effect of the magneto-dipole interaction on the SAR of an assembly of oriented clusters of elongated magnetite nanoparticles has also been investigated depending on the volume fraction of nanoparticles in a cluster. It has been found that the SAR of the assembly of oriented clusters decreases by approximately an order of magnitude with an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles in a cluster in the range 0.04 - 0.2.
Mathematische Erkunder- und Erfindervideos mit Aktivierung
Authors: Vogel Rose , Billion Lara
Published: October 2021

In diesem Beitrag werden die beiden Videoformate Erkunder- und Erfindervideo vorgestellt. Die theoretische Basis für die Konzeption der Videos bildet eine semiotische und interaktionistische Perspektive auf Mathematiklernen. Außerdem wird auf die besondere Rolle der Sprache in diesen Videos eingegangen. Die Konzeption wird konkret an einem kombinatorischen Erkunder- und Erfindervideo aus dem Projekt MathEE-Videos vorgestellt. Mit passenden Aktivierungsaufgaben, die sich an die Videos anschließen, wird ein Vorschlag für die Umsetzung im Mathematikunterricht gegeben.
The Effects of Glucose Lowering Agents on the Secondary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jung Inha , Kwon Hyemi , Park Se Eun , Han Kyung-Do , Park Yong-Gyu , Rhee Eun-Jung , Lee Won-Young
Published: October 2021

Background: Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of requiring repeated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than non-diabetic patients. We aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of anti-diabetic drugs on the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: We analyzed the general health check-up dataset and claims data of the Korean National Health Insurance Service of 199,714 participants (age ≥30 years) who underwent PCIs between 2010 and 2013. Those who underwent additional PCI within 1 year of their first PCI (n=3,325) and those who died within 1 year (n=1,312) were excluded. Patients were classified according to their prescription records for glucose-lowering agents. The primary endpoint was the incidence rate of coronary revascularization.Results: A total of 35,348 patients were included in the study. Metformin significantly decreased the risk of requiring repeat PCI in all patients (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.77). In obese patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2, patients treated with thiazolidinedione (TZD) exhibited a decreased risk of requiring repeat revascularization than those who were not treated with TZD (aHR, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.63 to 0.95). Patients treated with metformin showed a decreased risk of requiring revascularization regardless of their BMI. Insulin, meglitinide, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor were associated with increased risk of repeated PCI.Conclusion: The risk of requiring repeat revascularization was lower in diabetic patients treated with metformin and in obese patients treated with TZD. These results suggest that physicians should choose appropriate glucose-lowering agents for the secondary prevention of coronary artery disease.
Onset of Plasmoid Reconnection during Magnetorotational Instability
Authors: Rosenberg Jarrett , Ebrahimi Fatima
Published: October 2021

The evolution of current sheets in accretion flows undergoing magnetorotational instability (MRI) is examined through two- and three-dimensional numerical modeling of the resistive MHD equations in global cylindrical geometry. With an initial uniform magnetic field aligned in the vertical (z) direction, MRI produces radially extended toroidal (azimuthal) current sheets. In both 2D and 3D when axisymmetric modes dominate, these current sheets attract each other and merge in the poloidal (rz) plane, driving magnetic reconnection when the Lundquist number S > 3 × 102, making it a possible source of plasmoids (closed magnetic loops) in accretion disks. At high Lundquist numbers in the 2D regime, starting at S = 5 × 103, self-consistent MRI-generated current sheets become thin and subject to plasmoid instability, and therefore spontaneous magnetic reconnection. When nonaxisymmetric 3D modes dominate, turbulence makes the azimuthal current sheets more unstable and stretch vertically. Toroidally extended vertical current sheets in the inner region, as well as larger 3D magnetic islands in the outer regions of the disks are also formed. These findings have strong ramifications for astrophysical disks as potential sources of plasmoids that could cause local heating, particle acceleration, and high energy EM radiation.
Probing the Chemical Complexity of Amines in the ISM: Detection of Vinylamine (C2H3NH2) and Tentative Detection of Ethylamine (C2H5NH2)
Authors: Zeng Shaoshan , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Rivilla Víctor M. , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Rodríguez-Almeida Lucas F. , Tercero Belén , de Vicente Pablo , Rico-Villas Fernando , Colzi Laura , Martín Sergio , Requena-Torres Miguel A.
Published: October 2021

Amines, particularly primary amines (R-NH2), are closely related to the primordial synthesis of amino acids since they share the same structural backbone. However, only a limited number of amines has been identified in the interstellar medium, which prevents us from studying their chemistry as well as their relation to prebiotic species that could lead to the emergence of life. In this Letter, we report the first interstellar detection of vinylamine (C2H3NH2) and tentative detection of ethylamine (C2H5NH2) toward the Galactic center cloud G+0.693-0.027. The derived abundance with respect to H2 is (3.3 ± 0.4) × 10−10 and (1.9 ± 0.5) × 10−10, respectively. The inferred abundance ratios of C2H3NH2 and C2H5NH2 with respect to methylamine (CH3NH2) are ∼0.02 and ∼0.008, respectively. The derived abundance of C2H3NH2, C2H5NH2, and several other NH2-bearing species are compared to those obtained toward high-mass and low-mass star-forming regions. Based on recent chemical and laboratory studies, possible chemical routes for the interstellar synthesis of C2H3NH2 and C2H5NH2 are discussed.
Analyzing Surface Ruggedness Inside and Outside of Ice Stability Zones at the Lunar Poles
Authors: Deutsch Ariel N. , Heldmann Jennifer L. , Colaprete Anthony , Cannon Kevin M. , Elphic Richard C.
Published: October 2021

We measured surface ruggedness within 12 polar craters on the Moon, six at each pole, using a variation of the Vector Ruggedness Measure (VRM*). We compare VRM* values derived within ice stability zones, where maximum surface temperatures are ≤112 K, to VRM* values from warmer surfaces where ice is not stable. Ruggedness values inside and outside of ice stability zones are statistically not from the same continuous distribution (α = 0.05). In nine of the 12 investigated craters, surfaces where ice is stable are smoother than neighboring warmer surfaces. These comparatively smooth surfaces are observed in both craters that host surface water-ice exposures and those that do not, suggesting that the presence of subsurface ice, rather than surface ice, may be responsible for the reduced surface ruggedness derived from a moving window of 3 × 3 cells applied to 120 m elevation models. Reduced ruggedness of ice stability zones is slightly greater in south polar craters and tends to correlate with enhanced hydrogen content as modeled from Lunar Prospector data. While ice stability zones may have a control on the distribution of softened topography at the lunar poles, the magnitude of this softening is small at the investigated baselines.
Blood Pressure Differences in Nephrotic Syndrome Patients with Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Patients and Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Akbar Muhammad , Ramayani Oke Rina , Yanni Gema Nazri
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Syndrome nephrotic is the most common kidney disease found in pediatric kidney disease, classification based on clinical response to steroids or histopathological characteristics. Increased blood pressure in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (NS) is still a complication to be aware of in cases of NS.

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with steroid-sensitive NS and steroid-resistant NS.

METHODS: Analytical correctional study in 50 children with NS divided into 25 Steroid Resistant NS (SRNS) groups and 25 steroid sensitive NS (SSNS) people who met inclusion and exclusion criteria to assess systolic and diastolic blood pressure in each group in pediatric nephrology division of the general hospital of Haji Adam Malik Medan.

RESULTS: There is a difference in systolic blood pressure in the SRNS and SSNS groups which mean p = 0.024 and there is no difference in diastolic blood pressure in the SRNS group with SSNS p = 0.358. If linked levels of proteinuria to blood pressure, systolic and diastolic in both groups found no significant link p>0.05 high blood pressure with the degree of proteinuria in both group.

CONCLUSION: There are differences in systolic blood pressure in the SRNS and SSNS groups.
Correlation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Expression with Pain Level in Degenerative Lumbar Canal Stenosis Patients
Authors: Dwianingsih Ery Kus , Sakti Yudha Mathan , Magetsari Rahadyan , Hutahaean David Yosua Parulian , Sakadewa Galih Prasetya , Lasmana Paramita Dyah , Budhiparama Nicolaas C. , Dwianingsih Ery Kus
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Pain in degenerative lumbar canal stenosis is caused by osteoarthritis of a facet joint and intervertebral disc degeneration. Some inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are present in degenerative lumbar canal stenosis. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of pain and functional pre-operative scores with the expression of TNF-α in nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and facet joint. Methods: Patients diagnosed with degenerative lumbar canal stenosis and planned for surgical treatment were included in this study. Patients with history of fracture, neoplasm, and/or infection of the spine were excluded. Tissue samples were collected from the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, facet joint, flavum ligament and paraspinal muscles of the spine during the surgery. TNF-α expression was examined semi-quantitively and correlated with the axial and radicular pain that were measured using Visual Analog Score (VAS) score. The result was then statistically analyzed. Results: The expression of TNF-α in the paraspinal muscle (6.30±14.20) was significantly higher compared to other locations. TNF-α expression in the facet joint group was significantly correlated with the intensity of low back pain measured by VAS score (r=0.893, p < 0.001), and pre-operative functional outcome based on Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) (r=0.948, p < 0.001). Conclusion: TNF-α expression, especially in the facet joint, is significantly associated with the pain intensity and pre-operative ODI that allow pain reduction with less invasive treatment in lumbar canal stenosis patients.
Pancreatic Injury and Coronavirus Disease-2019
Authors: Lubis Masrul , Siregar Gontar Alamsyah , Zain Lukman Hakim , Ilhamd Ilhamd , Sungkar Taufik , Rey Imelda , Darmadi Darmadi
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 can induce dysfunction in a couple of organs, including kidney, heart, liver, gut, and pancreas. Pancreatic injury is an inflammatory situation of the exocrine pancreas, precipitated mostly by gallstones and alcohol intake. We found the fact that lack of research about the influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in pancreatic injury.

METHODS: A literature searching was conducted through the PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, and Google Scholar searching engines using the following keywords: (“severe acute respiratory tract syndrome-coronavirus 2019” OR “COVID-19” OR “coronavirus 2019” OR “SARS-CoV-2”) AND (“pancreas” OR “pancreatitis” OR “hyperamylasemia” OR “pancreatic injury” OR “pancreatic damage” OR “pancreatic disturbance”). All articles and abstracts in English from literature review, case report, original article, systematic review, and meta-analysis were involved.

RESULTS: A total of 17 literatures were gathered. Through the studies, we found that several pathways may damage pancreas in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, either due to direct virus-mediated damage of the exocrine pancreas via the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors, the severe COVID-19 contamination which can lead to systemic inflammation and pancreatic injury, or the virus-mediated injury to the islet cells. The prevalence of pancreatitis in patients with COVID-19 was low. Elevated pancreatic enzyme level was one of the sign of pancreatic involvement.

CONCLUSION: Pancreatic injury may occur in patients with severe COVID-19 due to several pathways. Assessment of pancreatitis severity may aid in managing pancreatitis in this particular population.
The Effectiveness of Betle Leaf (Piper betle L.) Extract as a Bio-pesticide for Controlled of Houseflies (Musca domestica L.)
Authors: Yushananta Prayudhy , Ahyanti Mei
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: The housefly, Musca domestica L., spreads disease by contaminating food. However, chemical insecticides used to combat houseflies can pollute the environment and can harm non-target insects and humans; this demands safer alternatives and pest control options.

AIM: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Piper betle L. leaf extract as a bio-pesticide against houseflies.

METHODS: This study using a factorial design with six variations in concentration (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%), four variations in contact time (15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes), and 5-day-old M. domestica adults that were bred from residential areas.

RESULTS: The results show that mortality was affected by concentration (p-value < 0.000), contact time (p-value < 0.000), and the interaction between concentration and contact time (p-value = 0.0007). Of the three, concentration had the greatest effect.

CONCLUSION: As such, the use of Piper betle L. extract is a suitable, cheap, and environmentally safe method for controlling M. domestica.
Don’t forget the vertical dimension: assessment of distributional dynamics of cave-dwelling invertebrates in both ground and parietal microhabitats
Authors: Balestra Valentina , Lana Enrico , Carbone Cristina , De Waele Jo , Manenti Raoul , Galli Loris
Published: October 2021

Biological studies on factors shaping underground communities are poor, especially those considering simultaneously organisms with different degrees of adaptation to cave life. In this study, we assessed the annual dynamics and use of both horizontal and vertical microhabitats of a whole community with the aim of understanding whether cave-dwelling organisms have a similar distribution among vertical and ground-level microhabitats and to find out which microhabitat features influence such distribution. We monthly assessed from 2017 to 2018, by direct observation combined with quadrat sampling method on the ground and transects on the walls, richness and abundance of 62 cave-dwelling species in a cave of Northern Italy. Environmental factors such as light intensity, temperature, relative humidity and mineralogical composition of the substrates were measured during each monitoring session, influencing the dynamics of the whole community and revealing significant differences between ground and wall microhabitats. A gradient of variation of the species assemblages occurred from the entrance toward inner areas, however, evidence that the dynamics of the walls are very different from those occurring at the ground independent from the distance from the surface are shown. Biodiversity indices highlighted sampling area diversity and a discrete total cave fauna biodiversity with the highest values found near the entrance and the lowest in the inner part of the cave.
Military Culture Implications for Mental Health and Nursing Care
Authors: Westphal Richard , Convoy Sean
Published: October 2021

With over 13 years of war and military combat operations, the number of veterans, military families, and service members with mental health needs continues to increase across civilian and federal healthcare services. Knowledge about severe battle wounds, traumatic brain injury, and traumatic stress has influenced the delivery of healthcare. The invisible wounds of war associated with brain injury and traumatic stress will increase clinical care challenges into the foreseeable future. The purpose of this article is to describe two interrelated concepts, military cultural competence and stress injuries. The authors also differentiate stress reactions versus stress injury. Nurses with military cultural competence and knowledge about stress injuries will be better able to deliver patient-centered care to patients with military culture experiences.
Positive Mental Health Outcomes in Individuals with Dementia: The Essential Role of Cultural Competence
Authors: Jha Bindiya , Seavy Julie , Young David , Bonner Alice
Published: October 2021

Over five million people in the United States are diagnosed with some form of dementia, and many more with cognitive impairment remain undiagnosed. In addition, most individuals with dementia experience one or more neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, irritability, agitation, hallucinations, or delusions at some point during disease progression. The vast majority of individuals with dementia, including those with symptoms of serious mental illness, are cared for in home and community based settings by unpaid caregivers, often family members, who struggle with the daily challenges of providing care and services to someone with dementia. This article will briefly review selected aspects of the need for community care for individuals with dementia and cultural aspects related to dementia and mental health. A detailed case study will illustrate some of the challenges related to the mental health of individuals with dementia living in the community. We specifically discuss culturally competent care, using the example of a Nepalese refugee family caring for a family member with dementia and depression, as a critical aspect of the care plan. Finally, we provide implications for practice for organizations wishing to engage families in a comprehensive system of home-based dementia care.
Une mise en valeur microlocale du littoral par les développements du surf à Madagascar : la construction de nouvelles territorialités et identités sociales. Étude comparative entre Mahambo et Fort-Dauphin
Authors: Khelifi Lilia
Published: October 2021

Cet article propose d’analyser, à partir d’une étude de cas sur les développements du surf dans trois localités de la côte est à Madagascar, comment se fabriquent et s’imbriquent des identités individuelles et territoriales autour d’une pratique corporelle. L’émergence récente du surf dans la Grande île permet d’interroger le rapport au corps et au littoral induit par cette nouvelle pratique pour les habitants. Jusqu’ici, les croyances fortes autour de l’océan qui emporterait et tuerait les individus en font un espace répulsif. L’actuelle faible littoralisation à Madagascar devient un enjeu de développement pour certains acteurs locaux. Le surf, en tant qu’objet d’étude, permet ainsi de saisir l’influence d’un modèle culturel construit ailleurs, dont la circulation est conditionnée par des enjeux politiques, économiques et sociaux, et dont les réappropriations multiples contribuent au façonnement de cet objet.
Entre le visuel et le sonore : les tablatures de Salomone Rossi et le mirage de leur transcription
Authors: Castro Parsival
Published: October 2021

Le premier livre des madrigaux à cinq voix de Salomone Rossi ( c. 1570-1630) est la première source imprimée contenant des tablatures avec la mention chitarrone . Leur transcription en notation moderne interroge les chercheurs depuis longtemps, à la suite d’un certain nombre de croisements étonnants avec la basse, inexistants dans la version vocale. En effet, malgré toute une série d’hypothèses organologiques visant à rétablir les harmonies, chaque solution proposée occasionne d’autres problèmes ailleurs. Toutes les hypothèses avancées jusqu’à présent se focalisent exclusivement sur les hauteurs de notes ; cependant, elles négligent des aspects de l’interprétation qui ont un fort impact sur le résultat sonore tout en restant invisibles dans la notation moderne. Cet article analyse l’écart entre l’image visuelle donnée par une transcription et le rendu sonore lors de l’interprétation, proposant ainsi une nouvelle approche des tablatures de Rossi.