bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School Nurses Increasing the Compliance of Hygiene Routines for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: McIntosh Constance E. , Gundlach Jessica , Brelage Pamela , Snyder Storey
Published: June 2018

School nurses are essential healthcare providers to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In providing this care, school nurses may need to accommodate the unique challenges that children with ASD may face, including but not limited to sensory sensitivities, communicative and social difficulties, difficulties remembering event sequencing and directions, and poor time management skills. The aim of this article is to provide school nurses and healthcare providers evidence-based interventions and strategies that they may use to increase the compliance of hygiene behaviors and routines for children with ASD.
Collaborating With Youth in School Health Promotion Initiatives With Photovoice
Authors: Lofton Saria , Bergren Martha Dewey
Published: June 2018

Photovoice, a community-based approach that is being embraced in school settings, can help to nurture collaborations with youth, particularly adolescents, and engage them in the development of social policy and health promotion projects. Photovoice is an approach that positions school nurses to inspire youth to take ownership of health promotion issues that directly affect them in the school and in their communities. Engaging youth in Photovoice not only allows advocates to directly work with youth but also promotes critical thinking and the exploration of topics that may not otherwise be considered. Photovoice raises awareness about issues through critical dialogue and is well suited to engage youth and provide a channel for youth to assert their voices.
Does Religion Stave Off the Grave? Religious Affiliation in One’s Obituary and Longevity
Authors: Wallace Laura E. , Anthony Rebecca , End Christian M. , Way Baldwin M.
Published: June 2018

Self-reported religious service attendance has been linked with longevity. However, previous work has largely relied on self-report data and volunteer samples. Here, mention of a religious affiliation in obituaries was analyzed as an alternative measure of religiosity. In two samples ( N = 505 from Des Moines, IA, and N = 1,096 from 42 U.S. cities), the religiously affiliated lived 9.45 and 5.64 years longer, respectively, than the nonreligiously affiliated. Additionally, social integration and volunteerism partially mediated the religion–longevity relation. In Study 2, exploratory analyses suggested that the religion–longevity association was moderated by city-level religiosity and city-level personality. In cities with low levels of trait openness, the nonreligiously affiliated had reduced longevity in highly religious cities relative to less religious cities, consistent with the religion-as-social-value hypothesis. Conversely, in cities with high levels of openness, the opposite trend was observed, suggesting a spillover effect of religion. The religiously affiliated were less influenced by these cultural factors.
Are structural brain changes in schizophrenia related to antipsychotic medication? A narrative review of the evidence from a clinical perspective
Authors: Lawrie Stephen M.
Published: June 2018

Some observational studies and literature reviews suggest that antipsychotic drug use is associated with loss of grey or white matter in patients with schizophrenia, whereas others have contradicted this finding. Here, I summarize and critique the available evidence and put it in the context of clinical practice. This narrative review pools evidence from observational and experimental studies in humans and animals on the relationship between antipsychotic medication use and brain structure and function in patients with schizophrenia. To summarize, the observational evidence in patients with schizophrenia and the experimental evidence in animals suggest that antipsychotic drugs can cause reductions in brain volume, but differ as to where those effects are manifest. The experimental evidence in patients is inconclusive. There is stronger and more consistent evidence that other factors, such as alcohol and cannabis use, are likely causes of progressive brain changes in schizophrenia. Overall, I argue the case against antipsychotics is not proven and the jury is out on any significance of putative antipsychotic-induced brain changes. Taken in the context of strong evidence from clinical trials that antipsychotic drugs have beneficial effects on symptoms, function, relapse and cognition, and observational evidence that treatment normalizes other imaging indices and reduces mortality, the balance of probabilities is that antipsychotic drugs do not cause adverse structural brain changes in schizophrenia.
Clinical significance of Serum Pepsinogen I/II and gastrin-17 determination in gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Xue Huiguang , Yang Aihua , Liu Fuguo , Sun Xueguo , Liu Xishuang
Published: June 2018

Currently, the diagnosis of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer are mainly made by endoscopy and histopathology. Our study aimed to explore the practical value of Serum Pepsinogen I/II and gastrin-17 in gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis. We collected 60 cases of gastric ulcer from February 2015 to November 2016 as gastric ulcer group, and 40 cases of gastric cancer treated in the same period as gastric cancer group. In 3  years after gastric cancer, 20 patients were served as postoperative gastric cancer group, and 70 healthy subjects as control group. The results showed that serum Pepsinogen I/II, gastrin-17, and other serum gastric function indexes were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum PGI level of gastric ulcer group was higher than control group ( P  <  0.05). The serum G-17 concentrations in gastric ulcer group, gastric cancer group, and postoperative gastric cancer group were all higher than control group ( P  <  0.05). The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of PGI screening was 0.905 and the best cutoff point was PGI  <  75  µg/L. Their sensitivity and specificity were 87.2% and 75.1%; the area under ROC curve of PGI/PGII rate screening was 0.761 and the best cutoff point was PGI/PGII  <  4. Their sensitivity and specificity were 88.9% and 62.3%. Multi logistical regression showed that the level of serum PGI, PGI, and G-17 and the odds ratio (OR) level of gastric cancer risk were 2.093, 2.653, and 0.494 ( P  <  0.05). The examination of Serum Pepsinogen I/II, gastrin-17, and other serum gastric function indexes can be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer and has a rather high practical value in monitoring recurrence in postoperative gastric cancer patients.
Virtual Rituals: Community, Emotion, and Ritual in Massive Multiplayer Online Role-playing Games—A Quantitative Test and Extension of Structural Ritualization Theory
Authors: Simpson Joseph M. , Knottnerus J. David , Stern Michael J.
Published: June 2018

Millions of people worldwide immerse themselves in massive multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). These games generate large, diverse communities that engage in rituals within the game, completing missions or quests. What role do these MMORPG rituals play in commitment to these gaming communities? To address this question, we extend structural ritualization theory to explain the impact of ritual events and emotion on commitment to community in the game World of Warcraft. Our findings suggest that players focused on inanimate resources are less committed than players who focus on social aspects of the ritual events inside the game. We also find that emotional investment is a good predictor of commitment to community.
Restless legs syndrome is associated with increased risk of migraine
Authors: Didriksen Maria , Hansen Thomas F , Thørner Lise W , Burgdorf Kristoffer S , Erikstrup Christian , Pedersen Ole B , Paarup Helene M , Nielsen Kaspar R , Hjalgrim Henrik , Sørensen Erik , Ullum Henrik
Published: June 2018

Migraine and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are common disorders that are associated with a high level of individual suffering and major comorbidities. The aetiologies of the disorders are largely unknown, although both migraine and RLS have been linked to disturbances in the dopaminergic system and sleep issues, suggesting a relationship between the disorders. This study examines the association between RLS and migraine in a large population of otherwise healthy adults who are not taking medication. Cross-sectional study that included 20,938 participants enrolled in the Danish Blood Donor Study from 1 May 2015 to 1 February 2017. The study included complete information on migraines, the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire, the Major Depression Inventory Scale, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), educational level, smoking status and alcohol consumption. Associations between RLS and migraine, with and without aura, were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Among the participants, 4827 were self-reported migraine sufferers and 1091 were classified as suffering from RLS. Individuals with RLS had an increased risk of migraine compared to non-RLS sufferers, with an odds ratio (OR) = 1.52 (95% confidence interval: 1.33–1.73). For the investigated subtypes of migraine, this association was found to be OR = 1.55 (1.31–1.83) for migraines with aura and OR = 1.29 (1.09–1.52) for migraines without aura. We found a significantly increased occurrence of migraine in individuals with RLS. This risk was independent of sex, age, BMI, educational level, smoking status, alcohol consumption and depressive disorder. Our findings suggest that RLS and migraine may have a common aetiology.
A realistic appraisal of boron neutron capture therapy as a cancer treatment modality
Authors: Barth Rolf F. , Zhang Zizhu , Liu Tong
Published: June 2018

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary therapeutic modality based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when the stable isotope boron‐10 is irradiated with neutrons to produce high‐energy alpha particles and recoiling lithium‐7 nuclei. In this Commentary we will focus on a number of papers that were presented at a Symposium entitled “Current Clinical Status of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy and Paths to the Future”, which was held in September 2017 at the China National Convention Center in Beijing. Results were presented by clinicians from Japan, Finland, the United States, the China mainland and Taiwan, China who have been working in the multiple disciplines that are required for carrying out clinical BNCT. The main focus was on the treatment of patients with malignant brain tumors, recurrent tumors of the head and neck region, and cutaneous melanomas. The results obtained in treating these patients were reported in detail and, although most of the patients with brain tumors and head and neck cancer were not cured, there was evidence of some clinical efficacy. Although there are a number of problems that must be addressed, further clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of BNCT are warranted. First, despite considerable effort by numerous investigators over the past 40 years, there still are only two boron‐containing drugs in clinical use, l‐boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH). Therefore, until new and more effective boron delivery agents are developed, efforts should be directed to improving the dosing and delivery of BPA and BSH. Second, due to a variety of reasons, nuclear reactor‐based BNCT has ended except for its use in the China mainland and Taiwan. Therefore, the future of BNCT depends upon the results of the ongoing Phase II clinical trials that are being carried out in Japan and the soon to be initiated trials that will be carried out in Finland. If the results obtained from these clinical trials are sufficiently promising, then BNCT will have a clear path to the future, especially for patients with the therapeutically challenging malignancies that in the past have been treated with reactor‐based BNCT.
Boron delivery agents for neutron capture therapy of cancer
Authors: Barth Rolf F. , Mi Peng , Yang Weilian
Published: June 2018

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary radiotherapeutic modality based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when the stable isotope, boron‐10, is irradiated with neutrons to produce high energy alpha particles. This review will focus on tumor‐targeting boron delivery agents that are an essential component of this binary system. Two low molecular weight boron‐containing drugs currently are being used clinically, boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH). Although they are far from being ideal, their therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated in patients with high grade gliomas, recurrent tumors of the head and neck region, and a much smaller number with cutaneous and extra‐cutaneous melanomas. Because of their limitations, great effort has been expended over the past 40 years to develop new boron delivery agents that have more favorable biodistribution and uptake for clinical use. These include boron‐containing porphyrins, amino acids, polyamines, nucleosides, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, liposomes, nanoparticles of various types, boron cluster compounds and co‐polymers. Currently, however, none of these have reached the stage where there is enough convincing data to warrant clinical biodistribution studies. Therefore, at present the best way to further improve the clinical efficacy of BNCT would be to optimize the dosing paradigms and delivery of BPA and BSH, either alone or in combination, with the hope that future research will identify new and better boron delivery agents for clinical use.
3D inversion of potential field data using a marginalizing probabilistic method
Authors: Geng Meixia , Hu Xiangyun , Zhang Henglei , Liu Shuang
Published: June 2018

Probabilistic inversion methods have proven effective in solving many geophysical inverse problems. Structural orientation and spatial extent information can be efficiently incorporated the probabilistic inversion by the use of parameter covariances to produce a geologically realistic model. However, the use of a single model covariance matrix, with the underlying assumption of the presence of only one type of feature (e.g., similar size, shape, and orientation) in the subsurface, limits the ability of probabilistic inversions to recover geologically sound models. An approach based on marginalizing the probabilistic inversion is presented, which makes it possible to partition the inverse domain into various zones, each of which can have its own covariance matrix depending upon the features and/or depths of the sources. Moreover, a spatial gradient weighting function is introduced to enhance or attenuate the structural complexity in different zones. Thus, sources with different shapes, sizes, depths, and densities (or magnetic susceptibilities) can be simultaneously reconstructed. The sensitivity of the solutions to uncertainties in the a priori information, including the orientation, depth, and horizontal position as well as subdivision of the inversion domain, is analyzed. We found through synthetic examples and field data that the developed inversion method was a valid tool for exploration geophysics in presence of a priori geologic information.
Coupling direct inversion to common-shot image-domain velocity analysis
Authors: Li Yubing , Chauris Hervé
Published: June 2018

Migration velocity analysis is a technique used to estimate the large-scale structure of the subsurface velocity model controlling the kinematics of wave propagation. For more stable results, recent studies have proposed to replace migration, adjoint of Born modeling, by the direct inverse of the modeling operator in the context of extended subsurface-offset domain. Following the same strategy, we have developed a two-way-wave-equation-based inversion velocity analysis (IVA) approach for the original surface-oriented shot gathers. We use the differential semblance optimization (DSO) objective function to evaluate the quality of inverted images depending on shot positions and to derive the associated gradient, an essential element to update the macromodel. We evaluate the advantages and limitations through applications of 2D synthetic data sets, first on simple models with a single-reflector embedded in various background velocities and then on the Marmousi model. The direct inverse attenuates migration smiles by compensating for geometric spreading and uneven illuminations. We slightly modified the original DSO objective function to remove spurious oscillations around interface positions in the velocity gradient. These oscillations are related to the fact that the locations of events in the image domain depend on the macromodel. We pay attention to the presence of triplicated wavefields. It appears that IVA is robust even if artifacts are observed in the seismic migrated section. The velocity gradient leads to a stable update, especially after a Gaussian smoothing over a wavelength distance. Coupling common-shot direct inversion to velocity analysis offers new possibilities for the extension to 3D in the future.
The State of Oncology Practice in America, 2018: Results of the ASCO Practice Census Survey
Authors: Kirkwood M. Kelsey , Hanley Amy , Bruinooge Suanna S. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Levit Laura A. , Schenkel Caroline , Seid Jerome E. , Polite Blase N. , Schilsky Richard L.
Published: June 2018

[Media: see text]

Purpose:

To describe the US hematology and medical oncology practice landscape and to report findings of the sixth annual ASCO Oncology Practice Census survey.

Participants and Methods:

ASCO used Medicare Physician Compare data to characterize oncology practices in the United States. Practice size, number of care sites, and geographic distribution were determined. Trends in the number and size of practices from 2013 to 2017 were examined. All US oncology practices were targeted for the survey; survey responses were linked to the practices identified from Physician Compare to augment results and assess generalizability.

Results:

More than 2,200 hematology/oncology practices provided care to adult patients in 2017. We observed annual decreases in the number of practices and annual increases in practice size. Of the 2017 practices, 394 (18%) completed the survey and accounted for 58% of the US hematologist/oncologist workforce (n = 7,203). Respondents tended to be larger and encompass more sites of care than nonrespondents. Surveyed practices cited payers (58%), competition (38%), and staffing (37%) as primary sources of strain. Prior authorization was dominant among payer pressures (78%). Electronic health records remained a burden on practices, with only 15% reporting full interoperability.

Conclusion:

The results of ASCO’s 2017 survey indicate that oncology practices are challenged by day-to-day operations, often related to payment, reimbursement, and competition. Our findings likely represent conservative estimates of such burdens because they are driven by responses from midsized to large-sized organizations, which have lower relative administrative burden, greater market influence, and potentially better ability to adapt in a changing health care environment.
Integrin activity in neuronal connectivity
Authors: Lilja Johanna , Ivaska Johanna
Published: June 2018

The formation of correct synaptic structures and neuronal connections is paramount for normal brain development and a functioning adult brain. The integrin family of cell adhesion receptors and their ligands play essential roles in the control of several processes regulating neuronal connectivity – including neurite outgrowth, the formation and maintenance of synapses, and synaptic plasticity – that are affected in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia. Many ASD- and schizophrenia-associated genes are linked to alterations in the genetic code of integrins and associated signalling pathways. In non-neuronal cells, crosstalk between integrin-mediated adhesions and the actin cytoskeleton, and the regulation of integrin activity (affinity for extracellular ligands) are widely studied in healthy and pathological settings. In contrast, the roles of integrin-linked pathways in the central nervous system remains less well defined. In this Review, we will provide an overview of the known pathways that are regulated by integrin–ECM interaction in developing neurons and in adult brain. We will also describe recent advances in the identification of mechanisms that regulate integrin activity in neurons, and highlight the interesting emerging links between integrins and neurodevelopment.
Overexpression of PP1–NIPP1 limits the capacity of cells to repair DNA double-strand breaks
Authors: Winkler Claudia , Rouget Raphael , Wu Dan , Beullens Monique , Van Eynde Aleyde , Bollen Mathieu
Published: June 2018

The ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein NIPP1 (also known as PPP1R8) recruits phosphoproteins for regulated dephosphorylation by the associated protein phosphatase PP1. To bypass the PP1 titration artifacts seen upon NIPP1 overexpression, we have engineered covalently linked fusions of PP1 and NIPP1, and demonstrate their potential to selectively explore the function of the PP1:NIPP1 holoenzyme. By using inducible stable cell lines, we show that PP1–NIPP1 fusions cause replication stress in a manner that requires both PP1 activity and substrate recruitment via the ForkHead Associated domain of NIPP1. More specifically, PP1–NIPP1 expression resulted in the build up of RNA–DNA hybrids (R-loops), enhanced chromatin compaction and a diminished repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), culminating in the accumulation of DSBs. These effects were associated with a reduced expression of DNA damage signaling and repair proteins. Our data disclose a key role for dephosphorylation of PP1:NIPP1 substrates in setting the threshold for DNA repair, and indicate that activators of this phosphatase hold therapeutic potential as sensitizers for DNA-damaging agents.
Online MAP Enforcement: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment
Authors: Israeli Ayelet
Published: June 2018

This paper investigates a manufacturer’s ability to influence compliance rates among its authorized online retailers by exploiting changes in the minimum advertised price (MAP) policy and in dealer agreements. MAP is a pricing policy widely used by manufacturers to influence prices set by their downstream partners. A MAP policy imposes a lower bound on advertised prices, subjecting violating retailers to punishments such as termination of distribution agreements. Despite this threat, violations are common. I uncover two key elements to improve compliance: customization to the online environment and credible monitoring and punishments. I analyze the pricing, enforcement, and channel management policies of a manufacturer over several years. During this period, new channel policies take effect, providing a quasi-experiment. The new policies lead to substantially fewer violations. With improved compliance, channel prices increase by 2% without loss in volume. The reduction in violations is particularly stark among authorized retailers with lower sales volume, those that previously operated unapproved websites, and those that have received violation notifications for the specific product before. Moreover, low service providers improve their service. At the same time, there is an increase in opportunistic behavior among top retailers, or retailers that received notifications for other products, and for less popular products via deep discounting.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2018.1092 .
The impact of chronic oedema on quality of life in the elderly
Authors: Cooper Garry
Published: June 2018

Quality of life (QoL) is a concept that is relevant for everyone, but individuals experience factors that make up QoL differently. This article considers the impact chronic oedema has on older people's QoL. There are additional challenges in this group, such as the ageing process, which interlink with QoL. The presence of appropriate support networks and psychological strategies can have a positive impact on the management of chronic oedema and the patient's perception of QoL.
The Heimdall framework for supporting characterisation of learning health systems
Authors: McLachlan Scott , Potts Henry W. W. , Dube Kudakwashe , Buchanan Derek , Lean Stephen , Gallagher Thomas , Johnson Owen , Daley Bridget , Marsh William , Fenton Norman
Published: June 2018

Background

There are many proposed benefits of using learning health systems (LHSs), including improved patient outcomes. There has been little adoption of LHS in practice due to challenges and barriers that limit adoption of new data-driven technologies in healthcare. We have identified a more fundamental explanation: the majority of developments in LHS are not identified as LHS. The absence of a unifying namespace and framework brings a lack of consistency in how LHS is identified and classified. As a result, the LHS ‘community’ is fragmented, with groups working on similar systems being unaware of each other’s work. This leads to duplication and the lack of a critical mass of researchers necessary to address barriers to adoption.

Objective

To find a way to support easy identification and classification of research works within the domain of LHS.

Method

A qualitative meta-narrative study focusing on works that self-identified as LHS was used for two purposes. First, to find existing standard definitions and frameworks using these to create a new unifying framework. Second, seeking whether it was possible to classify those LHS solutions within the new framework.

Results

The study found that with apparently limited awareness, all current LHS works fall within nine primary archetypes. These findings were used to develop a unifying framework for LHS to classify works as LHS, and reduce diversity and fragmentation within the domain.

Conclusions

Our finding brings clarification where there has been limited awareness for LHS among researchers. We believe our framework is simple and may help researchers to classify works in the LHS domain. This framework may enable realisation of the critical mass necessary to bring more substantial collaboration and funding to LHS. Ongoing research will seek to establish the framework’s effect on the LHS domain.
Beyond the Civil War Hospital
Authors: Twelbeck Kirsten
Published: June 2018

Beyond the Civil War Hospital understands Reconstruction as a period of emotional turmoil that precipitated a struggle for form in cultural production. By treating selected texts from that era as multifaceted contributions to Reconstruction's »mental adaptation process« (Leslie Butler), Kirsten Twelbeck diagnoses individual conflicts between the »heart and the brain« only partly compensated for by a shared concern for national healing. By tracing each text's unique adaptation of the healing trope, she identifies surprising disagreement over racial equality, women's rights, and citizenship. The book pairs female and male white authors from the antislavery North, and brings together a broad range of genres.
»I can't remember ever being so in love with a color.« Smartphones und die Rhetorik des Intimate Computing
Authors: Kaerlein Timo
Published: June 2018

Timo Kaerleins Beitrag situiert das gegenwärtige industrielle Smartphone-Design innerhalb einer Intimate Computing-Rhetorik. Mit der Professionalisierung des Interfacedesigns seit den 1970er-Jahren hat sich eine einem ästhetischen Paradigma folgende Auffassung der Computernutzung auf breiter Front durchgesetzt. Das Kernargument des Beitrags besteht in dem Vorschlag, den Smartphone-Gebrauch mit Andreas Reckwitz als ästhetisch imprägnierte Praxis zu begreifen, womit eine für spätmoderne Verhältnisse charakteristische Verschränkung von Ästhetisierungs- und Rationalisierungsstrategien bezeichnet ist. An diese theoretische Diagnose knüpfen sich Ansätze einer Kritik, in deren Licht die Smartphone-Ästhetik und mit ihr die gegenwärtige Erscheinungsweise eines Intimate Computing in ihrer politisch-ökonomischen Rahmung und Funktion als Technik der Teilnahmemotivierung in einer postfordistischen Kreativökonomie deutlich hervortreten.
Tapezierte Liebes-Reisen
Authors: Eck Katharina
Published: June 2018

Französische Bildtapeten aus der Manufaktur von Joseph Dufour fanden seit dem frühen 19. Jahrhundert in Interieurs in ganz Europa als begehrtes Ausstattungsobjekt Verwendung - vor allem in bildungsbürgerlichen Haushalten. Katharina Eck stellt die drei großformatigen Tapeten zu »Amor und Psyche«, »Telemach auf der Insel der Calypso« und »Paul und Virginie« in den Fokus ihrer Analysen. In einer transdisziplinären Studie (Literatur- und Kunstwissenschaft) untersucht sie die Geschlechter- und Paarbildungsdidaktiken in den Tapetenszenen - wie auch das »in richtigen Bahnen verlaufende« Sexualitätsdispositiv - zusammen mit den Praktiken des Wohnens und der Geselligkeit um 1800. Sie entwickelt Analyseachsen, die das »In-Beziehung-Setzen« mit den tapezierten Räumen und deren performatives Potenzial erstmalig in dieser anschaulichen Form ausloten.
Erinnern und Gedenken im Umgang mit dem Holocaust
Authors: Reil Juliane
Published: June 2018

Obwohl das Thema »Gedächtnis« Teil eines großen Diskurses innerhalb der Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften ist, fehlt es bislang an einer Gedächtnistheorie, die einen echten epistemischen Nutzen für die Geschichtswissenschaft aufweist. Mit Hilfe der soziologischen Systemtheorie von Niklas Luhmann überträgt Juliane Reil konstruktive Ansätze aus den Theorien von Jan Assmann, Pierre Nora und Johannes Fried in ein integratives Modell von Gedächtnistheorie. Dabei wird das komplexe Zusammenspiel von Gedächtnisprozessen auf individueller und kollektiver Ebene anhand von prominenten Beispielen des praktischen Umgangs mit dem Holocaust (etwa den vielerorts gelegten »Stolpersteinen«) deutlich gemacht.
DIE KÜNSTLERISCHE GESELLSCHAFTSKRITIK IM ZEITALTER DES INTERNETS
Authors: Bueno-Gómez Noelia
Published: June 2018

Noelia Bueno-Gómez bezieht mit dem Internet ein weiteres Medium in den Diskurs mit ein, das die Reproduzierbarkeit von Kunst, Waren und Produkten massiv beschleunigt hat. Ausgehend von dieser Entwicklung steht in ihrem Beitrag die Frage im Zentrum, ob die vom Internet ermöglichte Vervielfältigung, die nach Walter Benjamin ihre Ritualfunktion und damit ihre Aura eingebüßt hat, die Kunst demokratisiert oder vielmehr banalisiert - man denke an Susan Sontags Kriegsfotografie und ihre Überlegungen zur Normalisierung der Brutalität der Bilder.
Geschriebene Freundschaft
Authors: Tams Nicola
Published: June 2018

Jacques Derridas Verständnis von Freundschaft wird, so zeigt Nicola Tams, nicht nur in seinen veröffentlichten Texten, sondern vor allem in seinen Briefen deutlich. Ihre Studie untersucht eine Auswahl des Briefverkehrs Derridas (etwa mit Blanchot, Nancy, Bauchau, Ukai und Granel), verwebt die Ergebnisse mit Derridas Theorien der Freundschaft und zeigt, dass die vornehmlich in Briefen entwickelten Gedanken traditionellen Konzepten der Freundschaft in der Philosophiegeschichte nicht so fern sind.
Die politische Stadt
Authors: Rosen Christian
Published: June 2018

In Hauptstädten wird Politik gemacht. Hier (inter-)agieren politische Akteure, um Gesetzesprojekte - aber auch die eigenen Karrieren - voranzubringen. Christian Rosen zeigt: Die konkreten Orte der politischen Praxis spielen dabei eine wichtige Rolle. Am Beispiel des nationalen Politikbetriebs in Berlin und Madrid untersucht er die temporäre soziale Produktion und dauerhafte Konstruktion dieser politischen Orte sowie ihre Bedeutung für die Handelnden. Dabei wird deutlich, wie die bloße Anwesenheit an bestimmten Orten - aber auch das Wissen über ihre richtige Nutzung - die Laufbahnen der einzelnen politischen Akteure und die Regeln des politischen Feldes beeinflussen können.
Effect of clinical pathway regarding promoting quality nursing care of patients with myocardial infarction exposed to invasive procedures
Authors: ELsayed Shrief Sheren , Abdelnaby Hamed Laila
Published: June 2018

Myocardial infarction is theÂ deathÂ of myocardial tissueÂ because ofÂ extendedÂ lack ofÂ blood and oxygen. Clinical pathway has emerged as one of the mostÂ famous new initiatives alleged to lower costs whilst maintaining or even improving the satisfactoryÂ level ofÂ patientÂ care.Aim: to assess the effect of clinical pathway regarding promoting quality Nursing care of patients with MI exposed to invasive procedures through designing, Implementing, and evaluating the effect of clinical pathway intervention.Design: A quasi-experimental research design (pre posttest) changed intoÂ applied in this study.Setting: The study has been carried out in Beni-suef university Hospital, Zagazig University Hospitals.Sample: thirty nurses from the previously mentioned setting and thirty patients with myocardial infarction who are hospitalized and exposed to invasive procedures.Tools: Assessment questionnaire (pre/post test) sheet, An Observational Checklist, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A).Results: more than fifty percent of a studied sample of nurses their ages ranged from 20-30yrs, the mean age was (29.1Â±3.4), females (66.9%), and have beenÂ trainedÂ in nursing college, their work experience ranged from half to one decade. There has been a statistically significant distinction concerning knowledge and practical abilities of studied nurses among pre and post application of clinical pathway. Recommendations: Extra new studies should be done for better assessment of the nurse's abilities and distribute educational booklets, pamphlets, and posters to all nurses with a purpose toÂ enhanceÂ theirÂ degreeÂ ofÂ knowledgeÂ andÂ skills.Â Â Â Keywords: Clinical Pathway, Quality Nursing Care, patients, and Myocardial Infarction.
Un monstruo viene a verme
Authors: Marchena Giráldez Carlos , Pereira Domínguez Carmen
Published: June 2018

Conor O’Malley, un adolescente de 12 años, vive en un pequeño pueblo inglés junto a su madre Lizzie, quien sufre una grave enfermedad. La rutina de Conor se resume en su afición por el dibujo, el apoyo que proporciona a su madre y la asistencia diaria al colegio, donde reiteradamente es acosado por varios de sus compañeros. Sin embargo, esta monotonía se ve alterada al recibir la visita de un monstruo que dice venir para contarle tres historias y para posteriormente escuchar un último relato que el joven debe contarle. En un primer momento esta experiencia desconcierta a Conor, pero despertará su interés posterior a medida que el tiempo va pasando y tiene que hacer frente al transcurso de la afección de su madre, con un padre casi ausente y una abuela con la que mantiene una relación distante. De este modo, dos acontecimientos que a los ojos de Conor parecen independientes, la dolencia de su madre y las visitas del monstruo, acabarán aportando un sentido a su vida.
Regularity results for p-Laplacians in pre-fractal domains
Authors: Capitanelli Raffaela , Fragapane Salvatore , Vivaldi Maria Agostina
Published: June 2018

We study obstacle problems involving p-Laplace-type operators in non-convex polygons.
We establish regularity results in terms of weighted Sobolev spaces. As applications, we obtain estimates for the FEM approximation for obstacle problems in pre-fractal Koch Islands.
On the non-recurrent random walk in a random environment
Authors: Afanasyev Valeriy I.
Published: June 2018

For weakly transient random walk in a random environment that tend at −∞ the limit theorem for the time of hitting a high level is proved.
Combined international external quality assessment results of medical laboratory performance and reporting of samples with known antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Noble Michael A. , Rennie Robert
Published: June 2018

Background

Reporting on the presence of antimicrobial resistance is of considerable concern both for individual patient care and for understanding the underlying health status within the community at large. Antimicrobial resistance is solely dependent upon clinical laboratory detection and thus can be impacted upon by the quality and competence of medical laboratories. Proficiency testing or external quality assessment (PT/EQA) is the international standard for the direct measurement of medical laboratory performance on critical testing.

Methods

An international, intercontinental collaborative retrospective study of medical laboratory performance in antibiotic resistance was performed by the Microbiology Working Group (MWG) of the European Organisation for External Quality Assurance for Laboratory Medicine (EQALM) with particular examination of laboratory performance on the testing and reporting of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

Results

The results of 1880 medical laboratories were compiled. Strictly accurate reporting of isolates as resistant occurred with MRSA 96.9%, with VRE 91.3% and with CRE 93.1% of the time. On the other hand, very major errors (reporting of false susceptibility) were observed with 2.2% of MRSA and 2.4% of VRE and 0.8% of CRE. Major errors (false resistance) were reported for vancomycin susceptibility testing for MRSA at a rate of 0.6%.

Conclusions

Depending on how clinical physicians read and understand microbiology susceptibility reports, proficient acceptable results were reported either between 91% and 94% of the time, or between 97% and 100%. While very major errors are infrequently reported, they were found in all regions and could potentially cause poor treatment decisions by clinicians. A collective analysis of multi-program PT/EQA information can provide valuable insights into the testing and reporting practices of medical laboratories.
Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials in air at atmospheric pressure for their improved wettability: a literature review
Authors: Žigon Jure , Petrič Marko , Dahle Sebastian
Published: June 2018

The treatment of wood surfaces with gas discharges is one of the methods to achieve better surface adhesion properties. Good penetration, spreading and wettability of the applied liquid adhesives and coatings is a crucial factor for their adequate mechanical properties. Plasmas are the result of electrical discharge and can be created in different ways. The plasma treatment (PT) is frequently executed prior to material bonding or coating via the so-called dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) at atmospheric pressure. This literature review summarizes the essential aspects of DBD PTs aiming at a better wettability and surface adhesion. After introduction of the principle of DBD, the individual effects of internal and external parameters of the process will be discussed, which influence the final properties of treated materials.
Regulation of LRRK2: insights from structural and biochemical analysis
Authors: Gilsbach Bernd K. , Eckert Marita , Gloeckner Christian Johannes
Published: June 2018

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a multi-domain protein and its mutations can lead to Parkinson’s disease. Recent studies on LRRK2 and homologue proteins have advanced our mechanistic understanding of LRRK2 regulation. Here, we summarize the available data on the biochemistry and structure of LRRK2 and postulate three possible layers of regulation, translocation, monomer-dimer equilibrium and intramolecular activation of domains.
Twitch or swim: towards the understanding of prokaryotic motion based on the type IV pilus blueprint
Authors: Daum Bertram , Gold Vicki
Published: June 2018

Bacteria and archaea are evolutionarily distinct prokaryotes that diverged from a common ancestor billions of years ago. However, both bacteria and archaea assemble long, helical protein filaments on their surface through a machinery that is conserved at its core. In both domains of life, the filaments are required for a diverse array of important cellular processes including cell motility, adhesion, communication and biofilm formation. In this review, we highlight the recent structures of both the type IV pilus machinery and the archaellum determined in situ. We describe the current level of functional understanding and discuss how this relates to the pressures facing bacteria and archaea throughout evolution.
Seasonal Body Composition Variation Amongst Elite European Professional Soccer Players: An Approach of Talent Identification
Authors: Owen Adam Lee , Lago-Peñas Carlos , Dunlop Gordon , Mehdi Rouissi , Chtara Moktar , Dellal Alexandre
Published: June 2018

The primary aim of the investigation was to study the seasonal changes in body composition in elite European soccer players and identify key playing positional differences. Twenty-two players (age = 24 ± 3.7 years, body height = 180.45 ± 5.12 cm, body mass = 76.66 ± 5.34 kg) were tested. Players’ mass (kg), lean body mass (LBM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), muscle girths (MG) and sum of 8 skinfolds (mm) were measured across 5 time points (T0 = Start of pre-season training; T1 = End of pre-season training; T2 = Mid-season; T3 = End of mid-season break; T4 = End of season). Players were divided into their tactical positional roles for analysis. The specific positions they were divided into included defenders (n = 8), midfielders (n = 8) and forwards (n = 6). Assessment of training and matchplay exposure were also recorded. Sites-4, Sites-7, Sites-8 and Fat Mass decreased dramatically from T0 to T1 and T2 in all playing positions (p < 0.01), while no remarkable differences were found between T2, T3 and T4. Except for defenders, calf girth and lean mass were higher in T2, T3 and T4 compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.01). Midfielders were found to be leaner than forwards and defenders in all data collection time point sessions. Defenders showed higher values in calf girth and lean body mass than midfielders and forwards. It can be concluded from this investigation that there are large variances n positional body composition profiles amongst professional European soccer players. Furthermore, significant changes are prevalent and occur across the season from LBM, FFM, MG and skinfold assessment amongst European elite level soccer players.
The Impact of Nonlinear Pedagogy on Decision-Making and Execution in Youth Soccer Players According to Game Actions
Authors: Práxedes Alba , Del Villar Fernando , Pizarro David , Moreno Alberto
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a teaching program, based on Non-Linear Pedagogy, on decision-making and performance in youth soccer players as a function of the type of play action. Our participants were 19 players from the U12 age category. The teaching program, which was based on the application of modified games characterized by a numerical superiority in attack, was used for 14 training sessions. This program was conducted in two phases (preparation-for-intervention and intervention). Decision-making and execution for pass and dribbling actions were evaluated through the Game Performance Evaluation Tool. The results showed significant differences in favour of the experimental group in decision-making (p < .000) and the execution of passes (p = .003) after the intervention. However, such differences were not found for dribbling (decision-making, p = .402 and execution, p = .143). These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of this type of program for teaching actions with a high tactical component, such as the pass, and a different approach must be considered in actions with a high technical component, such as dribbling. It is necessary to continue developing studies in this line to clarify these issues.
Correlation Between Match Performance and Field Tests in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Redkva Paulo E. , Paes Mauro R. , Fernandez Ricardo , da-Silva Sergio G.
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between aerobic and anaerobic fitness (in field tests) with performance during a 90 min friendly match, through the following variables: total distance covered, maximal running speed, number of high-intensity actions and number of sprints. Eighteen professional soccer players from a Brazilian elite team (age 23 ± 3 years, body mass 77.5 ± 8.9 kg) participated in the study. The athletes performed a Yo-Yo Endurance Test (aerobic fitness) and a Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (six maximal 35 m efforts separated by 10 s of passive recovery, anaerobic fitness). Data were collected during friendly matches using a GPS with 5 Hz technology. To establish the correlation between the variables determined during the matches, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used (significance level of p ≤ 0.05). A high correlation was found between distance covered in the Yo-Yo endurance test and total distance covered (r = 0.72; p < 0.05), number of high-intensity actions (r = 0.78; p < 0.05) and number of sprints (r = 0.88; p < 0.01) in the soccer matches. The RAST variables did not relate to the standards set during the matches (p < 0.05). From the results of the present study, it may be concluded that there is no correlation between RAST and friendly match data variables. However, better results in the Yo-Yo endurance test correlate with total distance, number of high-intensity actions and sprints during matches.
Cyclically presented groups with length four positive relators
Authors: Bogley William A. , Parker Forrest W.
Published: June 2018

We classify cyclically presented groups of the form

G
=

G
n

⁢

(

x
0

⁢

x
j

⁢

x
k

⁢

x
l

)

{G=G_{n}(x_{0}x_{j}x_{k}x_{l})}

for finiteness and, modulo two unresolved cases, we classify asphericity for the underlying presentations. We relate finiteness and asphericity to the dynamics of the shift action by the cyclic group of order n on the nonidentity elements of G and show that the fixed point subgroup of the shift is always finite.
Detectingde NovoHomoeologous Recombination Events in CultivatedBrassica napusUsing a Genome-Wide SNP Array
Authors: Higgins Erin E , Clarke Wayne E , Howell Elaine C , Armstrong Susan J , Parkin Isobel A P
Published: June 2018

The heavy selection pressure due to intensive breeding of Brassica napus has created a narrow gene pool, limiting the ability to produce improved varieties through crosses between B. napus cultivars. One mechanism that has contributed to the adaptation of important agronomic traits in the allotetraploid B. napus has been chromosomal rearrangements resulting from homoeologous recombination between the constituent A and C diploid genomes. Determining the rate and distribution of such events in natural B. napus will assist efforts to understand and potentially manipulate this phenomenon. The Brassica high-density 60K SNP array, which provides genome-wide coverage for assessment of recombination events, was used to assay 254 individuals derived from 11 diverse cultivated spring type B. napus. These analyses identified reciprocal allele gain and loss between the A and C genomes and allowed visualization of de novo homoeologous recombination events across the B. napus genome. The events ranged from loss/gain of 0.09 Mb to entire chromosomes, with almost 5% aneuploidy observed across all gametes. There was a bias toward sub-telomeric exchanges leading to genome homogenization at chromosome termini. The A genome replaced the C genome in 66% of events, and also featured more dominantly in gain of whole chromosomes. These analyses indicate de novo homoeologous recombination is a continuous source of variation in established Brassica napus and the rate of observed events appears to vary with genetic background. The Brassica 60K SNP array will be a useful tool in further study and manipulation of this phenomenon.