bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral comparison of 1 Ω and 10 kΩ standards (ongoing BIPM key comparisons BIPM.EM-K13.a and 13.b) between the NPLI (India) and the BIPM
Authors: Fletcher N , Goebel R , Saleem M , Singh H K , Ansari M A , Kiran U , Saxena A K
Published: May 2019

This report gives the result of a bilateral comparison of resistance between the NPLI (India) and the BIPM carried out in 2012-2013. Two 1 Ω and two 10 kΩ travelling standards belonging to the BIPM were used. The comparison was carried out with an 'A-B-A' pattern of measurements. The standards were measured first at the BIPM for a period of about three months, then for a period of about two months at the NPLI, and finally again at the BIPM. The measurand was the 4 terminal dc resistance at low power. The BIPM was the pilot laboratory, and the comparison forms part of the ongoing BIPM key comparisons BIPM.EM-K13.a (for 1 Ω) and BIPM.EM-K13.b (for 10 kΩ).

The results from the NPLI and the BIPM were found to be in agreement, with a difference smaller than the relative expanded uncertainty (95 % confidence, k = 2) of 0.52 × 10-6 for 1 Ω and 0.28 × 10-6 for 10 kΩ.

KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH

Resistance; ohm; CIPM MRA; comparison; K13; electricity

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Supplementary comparison on 1,018 V and 10 V voltage standards (COOMET.EM-S20)
Authors: Straistari S , Schumacher Dr Bernhard
Published: May 2019

The Supplementary Comparison COOMET.EM-S20 was carried out to allow for a clear and unequivocal comparison of the measurement results and shows the equivalence of measurement results obtained with the measurement systems for voltage in the participating national metrology institutes.

COOMET.EM-S20 was conducted within the Regional Metrology Organization (ROM) "Euro-Asian Cooperation of National Metrological Institutions" known as COOMET, and has the RMO project number of 686/MD-a/16.

Two NMIs from two ROMs (COOMET and EURAMET) participated in the comparison which is: PTB, Germany (link laboratory) and INM-MD, Moldova (pilot laboratory).

This report describes the measurement results of the DC voltages of the four plug-ins at 1,018 V and 10 V.

KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH

DC voltage, voltage standard, measurement capabilities

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the *BODY*, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Defect structure and properties of Zn diffusion doped Si after swift Xe ion irradiation
Authors: Privezentsev V V , Skuratov V A , Kulikauskas V S , Burmistrov A A , Zilova O S , Steinman E A , Tereshchenko A N , Kiselev D A , Tabachkova N Yu , Shcherbachev K D
Published: May 2019

The electronic and optical properties of Si doped by Zn diffusion have been studied for a long time. Recently the defect structure and properties of n-Si (111) compensated by Zn during high-temperature diffusion annealing with subsequent quenching were investigated. The large-scale rod-like defects with μ-sizes have been observed. These defects were connected with Zn precipitates or/and dislocations. In the present paper we study the modification of defect structure and properties of Zn diffusion doped Si after swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation. The SHI irradiation is known to lead to the formation of latent tracks (nanometer-sized disordered regions around ion trajectory) in many semiconductor and oxide crystals. It was established that the craters with a size of about 100nm surrounded by hillocks are fixed on the Si surface. The traces of dislocation group along Xe ion beam direction were revealed on Si surface. The small-angle boundaries and interstitial-type planar defects have appeared. After Xe ion irradiation with a fluence of 5×1012 cm−2 the number of radiating centres in dislocation core increasing so, that increasing the dislocation-related luminescence (DRL) from the lines D1 and D2. When the Xe ion irradiation fluence is increased to a value of 1×1014 cm−2 the DRL in the Si sample is almost extinguished.
Sustainability of traditional vermicelli production in Minh Hong village, Ba Vi district, Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Ha N T H , Lan N D , Hang N T A
Published: May 2019

This study was conducted to propose proper indicators and to assess the sustainability of traditional vermicelli production in Minh Hong village. Sustainability of traditional vermicelli production in Minh Hong village was assessed based on 40 indicators belonging to 5 dimensions (production, product management and consumption, economy, society, and environment). All indicators were quantified on a scale of 0-1, in which 0 presenting low sustainability and 1 indicating high sustainability. The results showed high sustainability of economic dimension ranging from 0.87 to 1.00, implying economic efficiency of vermicelli production. However, social and environmental dimensions demonstrated medium sustainability. Some factors affecting on the sustainability of vermicelli production were the unsustainable connection between production and market, stability of input materials, consumption markets, limited training and labor safety, capital for production and business, and management of local authority. Solutions for ensuring the sustainability of traditional vermicelli production were also proposed and discussed.
Analysis of turbulent mixing in the Eastern Path of Indonesian Throughflow
Authors: Adhyatma D , Atmadipoera A S , Naulita Y , Nugroho D , Herlisman
Published: May 2019

Several studies confirmed that strong transformation of Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) water appears along the eastern ITF pathway from Maluku to Ceram to Banda Seas. This is, presumably, caused by energetic internal tidal activities that generate turbulent mixing. This study was aimed to analysis the turbulent mixing using Thorpe method from CTD data set acquired during the STOKAS 2015 cruise onboard R.V. Baruna Jaya 7 in the eastern ITF region. The study area was divided into four regions: Sulawesi Sea (SUL), Maluku Sea (MAL), Ceram Sea (CER), and Banda Sea (BAN). Thorpe method provides an approach to quantify the overturn of water mass using Thorpe displacement – validated using Galbraith and Kelley (GK) test – and to calculate the kinetic energy dissipation (ε and vertical diffusivity (Kρ). From diagram T-S, the transformation of ARLINDO waters was identified in the gateway. This is supported by a current pattern in which the ARLINDO water mass recirculated in SUL, then moved southward to MAL. The vertical diffusivity eddy (Kρ) varied in the order of 10−5to 10−2m2s−1and its kinetic energy dissipation (ε) varied in the order 10−11to 10−5W/Kg in all regions. This mixing was indicated to be driven by internal tide.
Comparison between the wage and profit-sharing systems to the portion of fishermen in fishing business in Kulon Progo Regency
Authors: Adi C P , Haryani E B S , Iswantono K , Soeprijadi L
Published: May 2019

Fishermen’s income is basically obtained from wages for their efforts. However, the portion is depends on the systems set out in the prevailing agreement based on consensus or mutual agreement. Comparison between the systems is intriguing to be studied. This study aims to determine the implementation of profit-sharing system and the wage system applied on gill net fisheries business in Trisik Beach of Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, to determine the break even point (BEP) that is applied as a limitation in determining the implementation of the profit-sharing system and to compare the wage system obtained by fishermen labors and ship owners with the existing fisherman wage in Yogyakarta area. The methods used in this study included case study, sampling, data collection and analysis. The results of this study indicate that the income received by fisherman labors is Rp2,284,000 per month and Rp10,420 per hour, fisherman captain income is Rp6,602,000 per month and Rp300,420 per day or Rp37,552 per hour. However, for employees in the company, they earn Rp1,144,812 per month and Rp38,160 per day and Rp4,770 per hour. The profit-sharing system in gill net monofilament business in Trisik Beach is more advantageous, compared to the wage system in the area.
In vivo sub chronic toxicity evaluation of the methanol extract of Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus in Sprague dawley rats
Authors: Apriandi A , Tarman K , Sugita P
Published: May 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of the methanol extract of sea water clams (Meretrix meretrix) against blood chemistry profile in vivo in Sprague Dawley rats. After three months fed by two different methanol extract concentration i.e. 0.1 g. kg−1 body weight (M/0.1) and 1 g. kg−1 body weight (M/1), blood serum has been taken prior for the analysis using Biocon Diagnostic test kit quantitatively. Based on the observations, growth, feed intake, weight of liver and kidney were found in normal conditions. When comparing urea, creatinine and cholesterol extents among the control and treated mices were not significantly different (p>0.05) while the levels of bilirubin and albumin between control rats treated with M/0.1 and M/1 results in different significantly (p<0.05).
The effects of planting distances and seedling sources on Kappaphycus alvarezii growth
Authors: Aslin L O , Supryiono E , Nirmala K , Nurjanah D , Soelistyowati T
Published: May 2019

This paper describes the effects of planting distance and seedling sources on the performance growth of K. alvarezii cultured by using a long line method. The research was conducted in Bungin Permai Village, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. A factorially experimental design consisted of four seedling sources, namely tissue-cultured with nutrient enrichment (KJR-P), tissue-cultured without any nutrient enrichment (KJR-TP), conventional seedling with nutrient enrichment (KV-P), and conventional seedling without any nutrient enrichment (KV-TP). Three planting distances (10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm) with three replicates. The parameters like biomass growth, daily growth rate, and pigment content, were paid in attention during the research. Results of this research reveal that the planting distance has significant effects on biomass growth, daily growth rate, and chlorophyll content. It proves that the 20 cm long of binding distance conduces the highest biomass growth, daily growth rate, and chlorophyll content in each source of seaweed K.alvarezii seedling. The Duncan test analysis for the 20 cm of planting distance indicates that the KJR-P seedling source yields the highest biomass growth (464 grams), daily growth rate (7.24%), and chlorophyll content (6.21 mg/g), and it is significantly different (p<0.05) with three other seedling sources.
Seasonal variation of the upper-layer seawater properties in the Banda Sea: observed from an autonomous CTD Argo float
Authors: Atmadipoera A S , Prartono T , Jaya I , Nugroho D , Harsono G , Nanlohy P , Koch-Larrouy A
Published: May 2019

An autonomous CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) Argo float was deployed in the deepest Weber Basin of Banda Sea to investigate seasonal changes of the upper-layer seawater properties from the first year of CTD time-series data between August 2017 and July 2018. It is found that the float trajectory formed distinct elliptical-shapes, exhibiting a new picture of deep clockwise circulation of the float parking depth at 1000 m. On seasonal scale, large fluctuation of properties, mixed-layer depth, and thermocline thickness, were associated with seasonal alternating Ekman upwelling and downwelling dynamics. Upwelling “colder” event (July-September) was characterized by outcrops of 27°C isotherm, 34 psu isohaline and 22 kg/m3 isopycnal at sea surface and large lateral variation of salinity in the upper 50 m. In contrast, these properties lines deepen down to about 100 m depth during downwelling “warmer” event (December-February). Amplitude of seasonal temperature change in the upper-layer was about 3°C. The very fresh water episode in the upper-layer was found during the monsoon break in April.
Squid attractor: an appropriate technology for empowering fishing communities
Authors: Baskoro M S , Yusfiandayani R , Sutisna D , Martasuganda S , Prasetiyo S L
Published: May 2019

The use of squid attractors is expected to promote optimum sustainable utilization of fisheries resources. The exploitation of squid, the important exportable commodities, has been very intensive. Fisheries management on such resources should also promote business development based on sustainability and enrichment of the stocks. Squid attractors are appropriate technology that can make a fishing area as a gathering place for squid and fish. The study presented here was focused on the effectiveness of squid attractors as an alternative tool for enriching squid stocks in coastal areas. The squid attractors were tested in the field. The squid attractors were made of materials from harmonica wire, bamboo, used car tires, used drums and pipes. Such materials can be easily obtained by fishermen so that they can help themselves to make them promoting livelihood and improving the habitat. The construction of the attractors and presence of squid eggs were directly observed underwater. The fishing efficiency using the squid attractor found to be 60-70%, i.e. the proportion of number of squid attractors occupied by the squid. Deployment of squid attractors is a potential place for spawning habitat for the squids.
Amino acid profile of biologically processed fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) using local enzyme to combat stunting
Authors: Chasanah E , Susilowati R , Yuwono P , Zilda D S , Fawzya Y N
Published: May 2019

Fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) which contains mixture of small protein or peptide and free amino acids may be good to be applied in children’s diet, preventing and combating malnutrition problem through readily absorbed essential amino acid. Malnutrition is still a big issue in East Asian countries including Indonesia. According to FAO, in 2005—2015, the percentage of children under five who experience stunting increased from 28.6% to 36.4%, while the percentage of stunting for Indonesian children was 37.2% (2013), 35.6% (2010), 36.8% (2007). Malnutrition in children can lead to serious problems such as abnormal brain development and susceptibility to various infectious diseases. The last report in 2016 revealed that stunted children have lower content of essential amino acid in their serum compared to the normal children. The aims of this study were to produce and analyze the amino acid profile of two fish hydrolysate protein (FPH) products fromSardinellausing local microbial protease isolated from hot marine water. The FPH-1 and FPH-2, both from soluble and solid part of hydrolyzed fish were dominated by amino acid lysine and leucine as well as glutamic acid. Both FPH products can potentially be used as ingredients for developing food for malnourished children.
Liquid smoke inhibits growth of pathogenic and histamine forming bacteria on skipjack fillets
Authors: Dien H A , Montolalu R I , Berhimpon S
Published: May 2019

Pathogenic bacteria were analyzed using the most probable (MPN) method, and histamine level was analyzed using spectrofluorometer. The best liquid smoke concentration was determined using a sensory hedonic test including smell, taste and texture. In addition, water content and pH were also analysed. Concentration of liquid smoke varied between 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%. The best concentration of liquid smoke was 1%. Fresh fillet dipped in 1% liquid smoke showed significantly decreased total plate count (TPC), from 4.1 x 103 CFU/g in fresh fillet to 7.4 x 102 CFU/g in fillet dipped for 20 minutes. Analysis of pathogenic bacteria showed a positive result in fresh fillet, and a negative result in fillets dipped in 1% liquid smoke, after 2 days of incubation at 30°C. Analysis of anti-pathogenic bacteria showed the positive results in fresh fillet, and negative result fillets dipped in 1% liquid smoke. Further analysis of histamine content also supports our finding, in which the level of histamine goes down from 19.55 to 18.56 when dipped in 1% liquid smoke solution for 20 minutes. The results indicated that dipping fillet in liquid smoke is a very effective treatment to prevent pathogenic bacteria and histamine forming bacteria.
Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) analysis to improve the effectiveness of vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) shrimp freezing machine performance at PT. XY, Situbondo-East Java
Authors: Fakhri N , Supenti L , Prabawo G
Published: May 2019

PT. XY is a company engaged in the production of frozen vannamei shrimp which cannot be separated from the problems related to the proficiency of machine or equipment. Therefore, steps needed to be taken to resolve the problem. This study aimed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of production using Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) analysis. The steps taken were as follows: Availability calculation, Performance Efficiency calculation, and Quality Product calculation. A result from the 15 observations showed availability of 96%, performance of 65.84% and quality of 99%. The OEE results from these observations were 62.87%. The data illustrate the need for improvement until the OEE score reached 85% or more. The focus of improvement was aimed at improving performance. Things that must be done to overcome the low value of performance is the monitoring of employee performance at the glazing and packaging stages to reduce the inefficient work of the engine.
Reproductive biology and broodstock maintenance of seahorse Hippocampus comes as a prospect aquaculture commodity
Authors: Farastuti E R , Sudrajat A O , Nurilmala M , Zairin M , Suprayudi M A , Silaban A Y
Published: May 2019

Seahorse is a unique bony fish, which has appearance male pregnancy. Seahorses also have properties that are very effective in treating the potential of deadly antimicrobial attacks. Therefore, the traditional system of consuming seahorses, because of overfishing, causing the population to become extinct. Seahorses are rare animals and only found in certain regions. All of Hippocampus are listed species under Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). which is intended as a sea horses export must be obeyed by countries that have signed CITES. Another effort that can be done is by developing cultivation. To support these activities, it is necessary to provide seahorses in bulk and not depending on the season. In other words, the procurement of juwana must be programmed so that they can be produced on time, the right type, the right quality and quantity and also the exact location. These criterias can only be obtained from hatchery activities. Seahorses hatchery is still very new and not developed yet, especially in Indonesia. In addition, information on reproductive biology aspects is also very limited, so more in-depth research is needed.
Biodiversity of fish resources in Sungsang Estuaries of South Sumatra
Authors: Fauziyah  , Nurhayati  , Bernas S M , Putera A , Suteja Y , Agustiani F
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to assess the fish biodiversity of Sungsang estuaries in South Sumatra. The species diversity, evenness, dominance, degree of similarity, and composition of fish communities as well as some physicochemical conditions were analyzed in order to establish the baseline data inventory of Sungsang estuaries. The results show that all of the physico-chemical parameters were in good condition for fish sustainability. Forty-eight (48) species of fish belonging to 29 families of freshwater, brackish water and marine sources were encountered in the water bodies. Johnius belangerii, Johnius amblycephalus and Setipinna taty were species with a relatively high abundance, but the appearance frequency of these species was high, medium and low, respectively. The value of the Shannon’s diversity index for fish resources was classified as moderate (H’=1.477-2.708). The index value of evenness was classified as high (J’= 0.616 – 0.876), while the index value of dominance was classified as low (D = 0.097 – 0.382). This result indicate that the species diversity was good enough, the species spread was evenly distributed, that there was a stable community structure and no domination.
Physical analyze and hedonic quality of ilabulo crackers skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) fortified nano calcium bone
Authors: Harmain R M , Dali F A , Husain R
Published: May 2019

Ilabulo crackers of skipjack fish (Katsuwonus pelamis) is one of the traditional food diversification products. The aim of this research in Indonesia was to analyze the physical and hedonic quality of Ilabulo Skipjack Fish Crackers fortified nano calcium bone on a different formula. Physical testing using TA-XT2i and hedonic quality using Kruskall Wallis non­parameter analyze and using SPSS 16 software. The data was using analysis of variance and a significant effect was continued by Duncan test. The results of this research showed physical analyze about the crispness that formulation B higher 17875.7/gf than formulation A 14366.2/gf, formulation C 10142.8/gf and formulation D 4884/gf. All results within different formulas obtained were significantly different. The hedonic quality of formulation A was chosen with the criteria of complete appearance, flat surface, neutral texture, brownish yellow color, slightly fishy and rather savory.
The management of marine protected area of Raja Ampat Regency, West Papua Province through bioeconomic model approach
Authors: Haryani E B S , Fauzi Akhmad
Published: May 2019

Raja Ampat Regency in West Papua Province, Republic of Indonesia has abundant natural fishery resources. Marine Protected Area (MPA) has been established in marine areas of Raja Ampat Regency. To manage MPA better, measureable parameters and clear indicators are required. The decision on the indicators can be conducted by bioeconomic model approach. The results of research show that the establishment of MPA will increase harvest level and revenue. But “bigger is better” could not be adopted for the development of MPA. The optimal MPA size will contribute to increasing yields and revenue and can reduce the level of effort.
Characteristics and performance of biofilms on the electrode of bioelectrical systems within industrial wastewater in fisheries
Authors: Ibrahim B , Desniar  , Suptijah P , Anwar C
Published: May 2019

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bioreactor which utilizes exoelectrogenic bacteria as electrocatalysis to convert bioenergy from biochemical substances into electrical energy. This research aimed to determine the formation of biofilms attached, the electrical voltage generated from MFC and its effect to reduce biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), and to determine the characteristics of the microbes formed. The MFC system has a single chamber using boiled fish processing wastewater as media. Microbial density within the biofilm attached to anode and cathode of the MFC showed different microbial counts. There was quite high density on the cathode but no microbial growth on the anode, either by Nutrient Agar (NA) or deMan-Rogosa Sharpe agar (MRSA) media in plating method. The electricity produced was 0.39 V on average, the highest value was 0.49 V at 42 hours. The MFC system was able to decrease the average value of 83.0% BOD and 83.5% COD. The TAN value increased from 0.063±0.01 to 0.36±0.16 mg/L. There were 12 bacterial isolates, six grown on NA and others on MRSA. Three isolates that grew on NA had different characteristic groups of colony and six on MRSA showed six different characteristics.
Size distribution and sex ratio of scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) in Banda Aceh fisheries
Authors: Ichsan M , Simeon B M , Muttaqin E , Munawir
Published: May 2019

Scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) are top predators in the marine ecosystem. This species also began to be listed in Appendix II CITES in 2013 and received Indonesia government regulation through banning export. Kutaraja is one of fishing port Banda Aceh, and hammerhead sharks often caught as by-catch from coastal and pelagic fisheries that operate in Indian ocean western part of Aceh. This research aims to determine the size distribution and sex ratio of scalloped hammerhead sharks that landed in Kutaraja fishing port. Data were collected including length distribution and sex composition of captured scalloped hammerhead shark during January-December 2017. Results show that the size distribution of hammerhead sharks are between 62 and 272 cm in Total Length (TL) with an average of 131 cm TL for males and between 58 and 281 cm TL with an average of 128 cm TL for females. There was a positive relationship between the total length and clasper length. The Sex ratio of male and female is 1:1.7. The result of this study hopefully will help management effort for this endangered species, especially in how to reduce the by-catch of female and immature hammerhead sharks that dominate the catch in Banda Aceh fisheries.
Quality of dried seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii with traditional drying methods from North Gorontalo
Authors: Katili R A , Dali F A , Yusuf N
Published: May 2019

Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed collected from farmers in North Gorontalo were dried under the sun for 4-5 days. The aim of this research was to compare the quality of dried K. alvarezii processed by 3 different methods, i.e. use of plastic sheets, use of bamboo shelf and dry hanging. During the drying period, temperature was monitored and sensory checking was carried out to asses physical appearance, texture, moisture, impurities and CAW (clean anhydrous weed) levels of dried seaweed. Drying using plastic sheets and bamboo shelf was carried out for 5 days @ 6-7 hours at temperature of 29.8°C. The quality of K. alvarezii dried on plastic sheets showed less clean appearance, rather dull specific type, dry texture was less uniform, the clay was not easily broken, moisture level was 4.96%, impurities was 7.23%, CAW was 87.52%. The quality of K. alvarezii dried on bamboo shelf had a slightly less clean appearance, specific type of less bright color, less uniform dry texture, clay was not easily broken, moisture level was 4.64%, impurities was 7.18%, CAW was 74.77%. The quality of K. alvarezii dried by dry hanging over 4 days @ 7 hours at temperature of 29.8°C, had less clean appearance, specific dull color, evenly dry texture, the clay was not easily broken, moisture was 8.25%, impurities was 7.21%, and CAW was 61.29%.
DNA barcoding of sea turtles (Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) and its protocol using different tissues quality: implication to conservation managers
Authors: Madduppa H H , Bahri S , Subhan B , Anggraini N P , Ohoiulun H , Abdillah T , Arafat D , Santoso P , Sangadji I M
Published: May 2019

Conservation effort of sea turtles faces several challenges, e.g. habitat destruction, eggs and turtle meat consumptions, or production of souvenirs (e.g. turtle bodies). In their duties, conservation officers may find sea turtles in different condition (e.g. body fragments, eggs, pieces of meat, etc.), usually it is difficult to identify due to incomplete morphology. Therefore, the use of DNA barcoding becomes an alternative for for identification at species level, contribute taxonomic and biodiversity research. This study was conducted to develop a protocol suitable for identifying sea turtles from different tissue samples conditions using DNA barcoding. A total of 16 tissue samples in different condition (fresh, dead-body, smoked-meat) were collected. A protocol was developed to enable identification of tissue samples of different quality or condition. A 719 bp control region fragment was analyzed. The high percentage similarity was confirmed in GenBank CO1 sequence with 99%-100%. Four sea turtle species were identified among the samples, i.e. Chelonia mydas (4 samples), Lepidochelys olivacea (9 samples), Eretmochelys imbricata (2 samples) and Dermochelys coriacea (1 samples). This study was successfully amplified by using DNA target of control region and therefore, will be beneficial for conservation management of sea turtles in Indonesia.
Quantifying vulnerability of sharks and rays species in Indonesia: Is biological knowledge sufficient enough for the assessment?
Authors: Mardhiah U , Booth H , Simeon B M , Muttaqin E , Ichsan M , Dharmadi  , Fahmi  , Prasetyo A P , Yulianto I
Published: May 2019

Sharks and rays are vulnerable species, which are highly exploited in Indonesian waters but lacked of detailed information on their ecology and fisheries status. This research aims to assess the level of vulnerability of sharks and rays to overfishing using the maximum intrinsic rate of population increase (rmax), derived from the Euler-Lotka equation, as a proxy of extinction risk. It is calculated based on several biological parameters including fecundity, maximum age, age at maturity, and the number of offspring. Using rmax calculation adapted to shark and ray life history traits by accounting for survival to maturity, we were able to calculate rmax values for 26 out of 208 sharks and rays species present in Indonesia. This includes vulnerable species such as Mobula alfredi, Prionace glauca, and Pristis zijsron. This result showed that rmax is a valuable tool which can be used to quantify extinction risk with some level of precision, but it also highlights the necessity to collect important biological information of the most vulnerable species to further estimate their status. This approach requires complementary information related to external threats such as habitat degradation, species economic value and threat level from local fishing effort and related fishing gears.
Moisture sorption isotherm of natural condiment cube made from juice water of katsuobushi plant, coated with edible coating and stored at ambient temperature
Authors: Mentang F , Montolalu R I , Dien H A , Djohar M A , Katiandagho Y , Meko A U I , Berhimpon S
Published: May 2019

This research aimed to study the MSI of natural condiment cube coated with an edible coating, using the standard gravimetric method. Condiment pasta was performed into small cubes about 15 mm wide, dried, and coated with an edible coating made from carrageenan flour. Uncoated cube was used as a control sample. Samples of natural condiment cube were placed in a series of desiccators represented of a range of RH’s, and allowed to equilibrate, indicated by constant weight of samples. Water content of equilibrated sample was then measured as equilibrium moisture content (EMC). Five models of the equation were used in this experiment to fix Moisture sorption isotherm (MSI) data. The results show that natural condiment cube coated with edible coating has lower water content than control. The equilibrium moisture contents of natural condiment coated with edible coating ranged between 7.0 and 76 % dry basis. Henderson models showed best-fit values of regression coefficients with mean relative determination (MRD) of 8.21, and moisture sorption isotherm curved were sigmoid. In conclusion, edible coated were effectively used as a coating of natural condiment cube, stored in ambient temperatures only in RHs lower than 75%.
Catch handling evaluation of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) by sensory evaluation and gap assessment in Pekalongan Archipelagic Fishing Port
Authors: Miriyanti A W , Abinawanto  , Rokhman A
Published: May 2019

As perishable food, fish require a proper handling from on-boarding, unloading, marketing and processing. This handling is closely related to the effect of fish product consumption on public health, such as seafood allergy by consuming degraded longtail tuna. This species is one of the dominant catches that landed at Pekalongan Archipelagic Fishing Port. This research aimed to evaluate longtail tuna handling to ensure the standard of quality assurance and safety of fisheries products. The fish quality was scored by scale of 1 – 9. Data were collected by sensory evaluation of fish quality during unloading process. The gap was assessed by comparing the actual process and the regulation in Minister of Marine Affairs Fisheries Decision – KEPMEN KP No. 52A/2013. The result showed that the quality of longtail tuna landed in Pekalongan AFP was acceptable by 7.85. The suitability to the handling standard was poor by 64.30%. The conclusion from sensory evaluation, the quality of longtail tuna landed at Pekalongan AFP is still in compliance with the quality of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2729:2013, but the level of suitability of handling longtail tuna has not complied with the regulation in Decision of Minister Marine Affairs Fisheries (MMAF) – KEPMEN KP No. 52A/2013.
DNA-barcoding as molecular marker for seafood forensics: Species identification of locally consumed shark fish products in the world’s largest shark fishery
Authors: Muttaqin E , Abdullah A , Nurilmala M , Ichsan M , Simeone B M , Yulianto I , Booth H
Published: May 2019

Indonesia is the heart of the Coral Triangle–the global epicenter for marine biodiversity, and home to many endemic, threatened and protected species. There is a need for rapid, low-cost methods to better identify and tackle seafood fraud in Indonesia because Indonesia is also the world’s largest shark fishing nation. Levels of domestic consumption of sharks and their relatives are thought to be significant, with different drivers of consumption across different products and geographies, including active and passive consumption, where passive consumers being unaware of the species origin of their seafoods. This study applies a COI DNA barcoding method to identify seafood products sold in local markets, with the aim of better understanding of the species composition about non-fin shark products in the domestic trade, and assessing the reliability of the COI method for seafood forensics. The results showed that all sampled seafood products were successfully identified to the species level, with an accuracy of 97-100%. Samples varied from different products including satay, salted meat, and meat curry, which are mostly sold in traditional markets. The magnitude, distribution and drivers of domestic consumption of shark product need to be understood in order to guide the design of future conservation.
Molecular marker based on 16S rRNA gene for seahorse (Hippocampus spp.) from Bintan Island-Indonesia
Authors: Nurilmala M , Nurhayati K H , Butet N A , Sudrajat A O
Published: May 2019

Seahorse is known as the organism with different reproduction mechanism from other organisms showing male pregnancy. Phenomenon of cryptic species and complex species often lead to morphologically misidentification. DNA barcoding is commonly used as a tool for molecular identification. From 33 types of seahorses in Indonesia, 7 of them were found in Bintan waters. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the species of seahorse by molecular marker based on 16S rRNA gene and determine the genetic relationship of seahorse from Bintan Island,Indonesia. The specimens were collected from Berakit,Bintan. DNA was extracted, then amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragment was carried out. The results showed that the sequence of amplified DNA of seahorse were Hippocampus comes has a high degree of kinship with H. comes originating from Taiwan.
Utilization of seaweed porridge Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma cottonii as cosmetic in protecting skin
Authors: Nurjanah  , Luthfiyana N , Hidayat T , Nurilmala M , Anwar E
Published: May 2019

UV radiation has negative effects on the health of the skin. The use of sunscreen everyday can absorb at least 85% sunlight at a wavelength of 290-320 nm. The purpose of this research was to find the best formulation of seaweed porridge Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma cottonii as a sunscreen cream qualified by antioxidant activity, SPF, physical evaluation of cream analysis and stability analysis. Cream formulation comprised of 5%, 6%, 7% and control. The best percentage of stocks from cream E. cottonii and Sargassum sp. were the cream preparation C. The value of antioxidant activity and SPF were 185±0.02 mg/mL and 2.1988, respectively. The pH value belongs to alkaline. Cycling test showed the cream preparation of the slurry E. cottonii and Sargassum sp. remained stable, there was no phase separation and discoloration. Centrifugal test results indicate that the cream has a shelf life for 1 year due to the absence of phase separation after given effect centrifugal force with a speed of 3,800 rpm for 5 hours.
The optimum light colour and intensity of light emitting diodes for catching yellowstripe scads (Selaroides leptolepis) using fixed liftnet
Authors: Riyanto M , Susanto A , Baskoro M S , Wisudo S H , Purwangka F
Published: May 2019

The effectiveness of green light emitting diodes (LED) in influencing the behaviour of fish has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the optimum color and light intensity for catching yellowstripe scads (Selaroides leptolepis) based on their behavioral response and light adaptation. An experiment used two types of LED, blue and green, operated at three levels of light intensity, low (20 lx), medium (35 lx) and high (50 lx). The experiment was conducted in a tank to determine the fish preference zone and pattern of behavioral response to different colors and light intensities. Their retinal adaptations were investigated histologically. For all colours and light intensities, the schooling fish was located mainly in the bright zone (67%). The cone index and swimming speed of fish were slightly increased by intensity. The highest light adaptation was found on blue LED exposure at a light intensity of 88.70%. When being exposed to the green LED, the fish gradually swam closely to each other and formed a stable schooling formation. However, when being exposed to the blue LED, the fish keep swimming widely and randomly. The green LED was an excellent fishing lamp for controlling behavior and harvesting yellowstripe scad in liftnet fishing.
Perceptions of fishermen communities against the establishment of conservation areas in Pongok Island, South Bangka
Authors: Soeprijadi L , Haryani E B S , Adi C P
Published: May 2019

Pongok Island has the potential of coastal ecosystems, namely mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef. Recently, increasing use of bombs and potassium in fishing can be destructive hence the ecosystems need to be conserved in order to be utilized sustainably. The management in question is the establishment of a conservation area that involves fishing communities so that an assessment of the community’s perception of the determination of conservation areas is needed. This study aims to determine the perception of fishing communities towards the establishment of conservation areas in Pongok Island, South Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province, Republic of Indonesia. The selection of respondents was done by using purposive sampling. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis to explain the perception of the fishing community towards the determination of conservation areas. The results of the study show that public perception is quite good because the highest percentage of assessment level is found in the assessment criteria of agree and strongly agree. The community perception on establisment of concervation areas is a high with the level of strongly agree criteria of 34.418% and 55.105% agree criteria and low rating on appraisal criteria are sufficient to agree at 8.827% and disagree at 1.650%.
Preparation and characterization of semi-refined carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed bleached by Peracetic Acid
Authors: Uju  , Prasetyaningsih E , Santoso J , Kamiya N , Oshima’ T
Published: May 2019

Semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) is one of the products fromKappaphycus alvarezii,which has the potential to be developed in Indonesia. However, unbleached seaweed will produce SRC with light brown colour due to natural seaweed pigments. Peracetic acid (PAA) is a strong oxidizing agent that has the potential to be used as a bleaching agent in the SRC production. This research aimed to study the effects of the PAA as a bleaching agent on the characteristics of SRC fromK. alvarezii.Chopped seaweed was heated in 10% KOH at 80°C for 30 minutes. Bleaching was carried out at room temperature for 90 minutes using PAA at a concentration of 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% (w/w) or using 1.5% (w/w) of sodium hypochlorite. Bleaching using PAA produced SRC whiter than without bleaching and bleaching using sodium hypochlorite. SRC brightness increased with increasing concentrations of PAA and while the yield reduced, as well as the viscosity, gel strength, sulfate content and ash content. The best concentration of PAA was 0.5%. At best, PAA concentration bleaching produced white SRC flour with a lightness value of 80.46±0.01; yield of 23.50%; viscosity 99.33 cP, gel strength 307.63 g/cm2, sulfate 13.29% (w/w), ash 8.33% (w/w) and acid-insoluble ash 1.33% (w/w).
Effectiveness availability of Individual Quick Freezing (IQF) using Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) analysis at PT. X, Karawang-West Java
Authors: Wiranata R , Asriani  , Dharmayanti N , Supenti L
Published: May 2019

There are 11 processing factories producing pangasius frozen fillets in Java and Sumatra, Indonesia. PT. X is a fisheries processing company engaged in catfish fillet freezing in Indonesia, identified problems with the effectiveness of the individual quick freezing due to machinery that suddenly stopped, decreased the speed of production, length of preparation time and arrangement. The problems cause loss, reduce the efficiency and effectiveness of the operation. This study aimed to investigate three steps needed to prevent and overcome the problem: availability, performance and quality. The data obtained from the observations determined an availability of 82.34%, performance of 75.21% and quality of 99.94%, with an overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) value of 60.43%. This study show that if availability values can be increased to 100%, it can save the company electricity costs by 329,611.37 IDR per day. The data show that the value of the OEE engine can still be increased to 85% or more. The results suggest that the matters should be addressed are increasing the coordination of the employees and creating a standard operating procedure (SOP) in the freezing stage 1 and 2 to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the machine.
The use of portable fish aggregating devices for pelagic fish in Sunda Strait Water, Indonesia
Authors: Yusfiandayani R , Nurilmala M , Nurjanah  , Abdullah A , Sondita M F A , Simanjuntak C P H
Published: May 2019

Portable FADs is a transformation of the conventional FADs which uses the concept of fish responses related to the use of sound frequencies. Portable FADs is a new innovation auxiliary gear in pelagic fishing. The aims of this study are to know the prototype of portable FAD, to know dominant fish compositions of the catches around portable FADs and to analyze total buoyant and sinking force of portable FADs. The study was conducted in laboratory and field experiment in Sunda strait waters. Data analysis were performed by using buoyancy force and sinking force analysis of portable FADs and the composition of the catch. The prototype of portable FADs was made from fiber with dimensions L x W x H = 63 x 43 x 25 cm. The composition of the dominant fish around portable FADs are 83 tails of Rastrelliger sp., 57 tails of Istiophorus platypterus and 51 tails of Euthynnus affinis. Portable FAD has total buoyancy and sinking force of portable FADs are 192.888,2 GS and GS 179.538,19.
Learning Identity, Flexibility, and Lifelong Experiential Learning
Authors: Trinh Mai P.
Published: May 2019

The world is changing faster than ever before. Recent advances in technology are constantly making old knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) obsolete while also creating new KSAs and increasing the demand for jobs that have never existed before. These advances place tremendous pressure on people to learn, adapt, and innovate in order to keep up with these changes.

Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) has been widely and effectively applied in various settings in the last four decades. This theory posits that learning is a proactive process, coming from the holistic integration of all learning modes in the human being: experiencing, reflecting, thinking, and acting. Learners must own and drive this process, because ownership of their own experiential learning process empowers learners to do far more than an external person—whether a parent, a teacher, or a friend—can accomplish. More than just a way to learn, experiential learning is a way of being and living that permeates all aspects of a person’s life.

Given the demands of the fast-changing world we live in, what do individuals need to do to make sure they stay ahead of the change curve, remain fit with the changing environment, survive, and thrive? At the individual level, a number of important competencies need to be developed, including learning identity and learning flexibility. At the system level, learning and education as a whole must be treated differently. Education should be an abductive process in which learners are taught to ask different types of questions and then connect new knowledge with their own personal experiences. The outcome of education, likewise, should be adaptive and developmental. Instead of promoting global learning outcomes that every student needs to achieve, educators need to hold each student individually responsible for incrementally knowing more than he or she previously knew, and teach students not only how to answer questions but also how to ask good questions to extract knowledge from future unknown circumstances. Helping students foster a learning identity and become lifelong learners are among the most important tasks of educators in today’s fast-changing world.
Public Opinion and Journalism
Authors: Hardy Bruce W.
Published: May 2019

The relationship between public opinion and journalism has long been considered a cornerstone of modern functioning democracies. This important relationship has been the focus of scholarship across broad disciplines such as journalism studies, communication, sociology, philosophy, and political science. One hundred and twenty-five years ago, French sociologist Gabriel Tarde outlined the press–conversation–opinion–action model to illustrate the role that the press and journalists have on initiating conversation among citizens, forming public opinion, and how this opinion translates into civic action that fosters social change. Highly related to Tarde’s press–conversation–opinion–action model are current theories of journalism and public opinion such as agenda-setting, priming, the two-step flow hypothesis, diffusion of innovation, and the spiral of silence. All of these theories relate to how the press can inform citizens, foster interactions with others, shape their opinions, and mobilize citizens into civic engagement and political action. However, in today’s mobile, digital, and highly segmented communication landscape defined by “post-truth” and “alternative facts” and where emotions resonate more than evidence because of audience biases and identity-protective cognition, the problem of the spread of misinformation has caused a great deal of consternation among journalists, pundits, and public opinion scholars, leading to a global rise in fact-checking. But because much of the misleading and deceptive claims in today’s communication environment appear first on social media, there is currently a fervent quest for automated computational fact-checking.