bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Ribbon Mobility and Turnover of Ribeye at Zebrafish Hair Cell Synapses
Authors: Graydon Cole W. , Manor Uri , Kindt Katie S.
Published: August 2017

Ribbons are presynaptic structures that mediate synaptic vesicle release in some sensory cells of the auditory and visual systems. Although composed predominately of the protein Ribeye, very little is known about the structural dynamics of ribbons. Here we describe the in vivo mobility and turnover of Ribeye at hair cell ribbon synapses by monitoring fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in transgenic zebrafish with GFP-tagged Ribeye. We show that Ribeye can exchange between halves of a ribbon within ~1 minute in a manner that is consistent with a simple diffusion mechanism. In contrast, exchange of Ribeye between other ribbons via the cell’s cytoplasm takes several hours.
Suppression of diabetic retinopathy with GLUT1 siRNA
Authors: You Zhi-Peng , Zhang Yu-Lan , Shi Ke , Shi Lu , Zhang Yue-Zhi , Zhou Yue , Wang Chang-yun
Published: August 2017

To investigate the effect of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) inhibition on diabetic retinopathy, we divided forty-eight mice into scrambled siRNA, diabetic scrambled siRNA, and GLUT1 siRNA (intravitreally injected) groups. Twenty-one weeks after diabetes induction, we calculated retinal glucose concentrations, used electroretinography (ERG) and histochemical methods to assess photoreceptor degeneration, and conducted immunoblotting, leukostasis and vascular leakage assays to estimate microangiopathy. The diabetic scrambled siRNA and GLUT1 siRNA exhibited higher glucose concentrations than scrambled siRNA, but GLUT1 siRNA group concentrations were only 50.05% of diabetic scrambled siRNA due to downregulated GLUT1 expression. The diabetic scrambled siRNA and GLUT1 siRNA had lower ERG amplitudes and ONL thicknesses than scrambled siRNA. However, compared with diabetic scrambled siRNA, GLUT1 siRNA group amplitudes and thicknesses were higher. Diabetic scrambled siRNA cones were more loosely arranged and had shorter outer segments than GLUT1 siRNA cones. ICAM-1 and TNF-α expression levels, adherent leukocyte numbers, fluorescence leakage areas and extravasated Evans blue in diabetic scrambled siRNA were higher than those in scrambled siRNA. However, these parameters in the GLUT1 siRNA were lower than diabetic scrambled siRNA. Together, these results demonstrate that GLUT1 siRNA restricted glucose transport by inhibiting GLUT1 expression, which decreased retinal glucose concentrations and ameliorated diabetic retinopathy.
Anti-inflammatory effect of hydroxyproline-GQDGLAGPK in desiccation stress-induced experimental dry eye mouse
Authors: Lee Hyesook , Kim Chae Eun , Ahn Byul-Nim , Yang Jaewook
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study has been the investigation of the effect of novel peptide hydroxyproline-GQDGLAGPK (Hyp-GQDGLAGPK) in desiccation stress-induced dry eye mouse model and compared medicines for dry eye disease including cyclosporine, diquafosol and sodium hyaluronate. Seventy eight NOD.B10.H2
b
mice were injected with scopolamine and exposed to an air draft for 10 days, and then the mice were treated with normal saline (n = 13), 1% Hyp-GQDGLAGPK (n = 13), 0.05% cyclosporine (n = 13), 3% diquafosol (n = 13), and 0.1% hyaluronate (n = 13) for 10 days. Thirteen mice were used for histopathologic analysis at DS 10d. The desiccation stress significantly decreased tear production, but the topical treatment of Hyp-GQDGLAGPK recovered to the baseline levels, which was similar to cyclosporine and diquafosol. In addition, Hyp-GQDGLAGPK improved facilitating epithelium stabilization including the corneal irregularity score, fluorescein score and detachment of the corneal epithelium. These improvements in stabilization of the corneal epithelium was superior to that in the cyclosporine and sodium hyaluronate groups. Furthermore, desiccation stress markedly induced expression of autoimmune inflammation-related factors in the lacrimal glands, but it was significantly suppressed by Hyp-GQDGLAGPK treatment. Overall, we found that novel peptide Hyp-GQDGLAGPK has multi-functional effects such as stabilizing the tear film and inhibiting inflammation.
Correction: Corrigendum: Multimodal chest surface motion data for respiratory and cardiovascular monitoring applications
Authors: Shafiq Ghufran , Chakravarthy Veluvolu Kalyana
Published: August 2017

Scientific Data 4:170052 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2017.52 (2017); Published 25 April 2017; Updated 1 August 2017 The financial support for this Data Descriptor was not properly acknowledged. The Acknowledgements section should have recognised a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of the Government of South Korea (grant no.
Erratum: Interleukin33 deficiency causes tau abnormality and neurodegeneration with Alzheimer-like symptoms in aged mice
Authors: Carlock C , Wu J , Shim J , Moreno-Gonzalez I , Pitcher M R , Hicks J , Suzuki A , Iwata J , Quevado J , Lou Y
Published: August 2017

Correction to: Translational Psychiatry (2017) 7, e1164; doi:10.1038/tp.2017.142; published online 4 July 2017 The ninth author’s name was presented incorrectly. It should appear as J Quevedo.
Determination of acrylamide in potato-based foods using headspace solid-phase microextraction based on nanostructured polypyrrole fiber coupled with ion mobility spectrometry: a heat treatment study
Authors: Pourmand Elham , Ghaemi Elham , Alizadeh Naader
Published: August 2017

In this work, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has been used as a simple and convenient method for acrylamide detection and quantification in heat treated food samples.
Direct oxygen atom transfer versus electron transfer mechanisms in the phosphine oxidation by nonheme Mn(iv)-oxo complexes
Authors: Lee Yong-Min , Yoo Mi , Yoon Heejung , Li Xiao-Xi , Nam Wonwoo , Fukuzumi Shunichi
Published: August 2017

Direct oxygen atom transfer from Mn(iv)-oxo to Ph3P occurs, exhibiting significant steric effects of the ortho-substitution of the phenyl group, whereas in the presence of HOTf, the mechanism is switched to electron transfer from Ph3P to Mn(iv)-oxo, exhibiting no steric effects.
Visible light-induced cyclization reactions for the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazolines and 1,2,4-triazoles
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Ren Yanfei , Wang Kaiye , Man Yunquan , Xiang Yanan , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: August 2017

1,2,4-Triazolines and 1,2,4-triazoles can be synthesized under visible light in one step without additional operations, which can be also scaled up to a gram-level.
A DNA-assisted immunoassay for enzyme activity via a DNA-linked, activity-based probe
Authors: Kim Dongwook , Jetson Rachael R. , Krusemark Casey J.
Published: August 2017

Linkage of an activity-based probe to DNA enables immunoassays for enzyme activity by DNA sequence analysis.
A monomeric bowl-like pyrogallol[4]arene Ti12 coordination complex
Authors: Su Kongzhao , Wu Mingyan , Tan Yanxi , Wang Wenjing , Yuan Daqiang , Hong Maochun
Published: August 2017

The first pyrogallol[4]arene-based bowel-like Ti12 coordination complex has been successfully synthesized and shows high degradation activity in solar-driven degradation of dye (methylene blue).
Supramolecular porphyrin-based metal–organic frameworks: Cu(ii) naphthoate–Cu(ii) tetrapyridyl porphine structures exhibiting selective CO2/N2 separation
Authors: Ohmura Tetsushi , Setoyama Norihiko , Mukae Yusuke , Usuki Arimitsu , Senda Shunsuke , Matsumoto Tsuyoshi , Tatsumi Kazuyuki
Published: August 2017

Porphyrin-based MOFs with copper acetate or copper 1-naphthoate exhibit different pore structure and unique CO2/N2 selectivity.
Luminescence characterizations of freestanding bulk single crystalline aluminum nitride towards optoelectronic application
Authors: Liu Ge , Zhou Guigang , Qin Zhuoyan , Zhou Qin , Zheng Ruisheng , Wu Honglei , Sun Zhenhua
Published: August 2017

Freestanding wurtzite aluminum nitride bulk single crystals were massively grown, exhibiting deep UV band edge and broad defect-related emissions.
Heme isomers substantially affect heme's electronic structure and function
Authors: Kepp Kasper P.
Published: August 2017

Different vinyl orientations of heme are common in proteins and may affect heme potentials by up to 0.2 V.
Enzymatic activity inside a DNA/peptide complex
Authors: Pan Wei , Wen Hao , Liang Dehai
Published: August 2017

The dissociation of the DNA/peptide complex is controlled by the enzyme, while only 1/3 of the enzyme is active inside the complex.
Polarization transfer efficiency in PHIP experiments
Authors: Emondts M. , Colell J. F. P. , Blümich B. , Schleker P. P. M.
Published: August 2017

We present a novel method, based on kinetic investigations, for the determination of the polarization transfer efficiency in PHIP experiments.
Active colloids with collective mobility status and research opportunities
Authors: Zhang Jie , Luijten Erik , Grzybowski Bartosz A. , Granick Steve
Published: August 2017

A survey is presented of the status of and research opportunities in the field of collectively moving active matter.
Metallic palladium, PdO, and palladium supported on metal oxides for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction: a unified view of the process of formation of the catalytically active species in solution
Authors: Del Zotto Alessandro , Zuccaccia Daniele
Published: August 2017

The nature of the true catalytic species in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling starting from metallic palladium, PdO, and metal oxide-supported Pd is critically reviewed.
Heteroleptic nickel(ii)–diNHC complexes and an unusual ‘reverse’ carbene-transfer reaction to silver(i)
Authors: Huynh Han Vinh , Koh Christine Hui Min , Nguyen Van Ha
Published: August 2017

An unusual NHC transfer reaction to silver was discovered in the study of heteroleptic nickel dicarbene complexes as aqueous Suzuki–Miyaura catalysts.
Stimuli-responsive emissive behavior of 1- and 1,3-connectivities in azulene-based imine ligands: cycloplatination and Pt–Tl dative bond formation
Authors: Jamali Sirous , Mousavi Narges-alsadat , Bagherzadeh Mojtaba , Kia Reza , Samouei Hamidreza
Published: August 2017

In contrast with other 1- or 1,3-azulene derivatives, 1-mono and 1,3-diimine azulene-based ligands show stimuli-responsive emissive behavior.
Correction: Activation of antioxidant and detoxification gene expression in cucumber plants exposed to a Cu(OH)2 nanopesticide
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Hu Qirui , Huang Yuxiong , Fulton Aaron N. , Hannah-Bick Cameron , Adeleye Adeyemi S. , Keller Arturo A.
Published: August 2017

Correction for ‘Activation of antioxidant and detoxification gene expression in cucumber plants exposed to a Cu(OH)2 nanopesticide’ by Lijuan Zhao et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7en00358g.
Synthesis of 3-alkoxypropan-1,2-diols from glycidol: experimental and theoretical studies for the optimization of the synthesis of glycerol derived solvents
Authors: Leal-Duaso A. , Caballero M. , Urriolabeitia A. , Mayoral J. A. , García J. I. , Pires E.
Published: August 2017

Optimized green synthesis of glyceryl monoethers from alcohols and glycidol through experimental and computational studies.
Dual roles of sulfonyl hydrazides in the catalyst-free sulfonylation of unsaturated benzylic alcohols in water
Authors: Xu Kun , Li Lijun , Yan Wen , Wu Yuanyuan , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Sheng
Published: August 2017

An atom-economical sulfonylation of unsaturated benzylic alcohols in water is described.
Correction: Environment-sensitive turn-on fluorescent probes for p53–MDM2 protein–protein interaction
Authors: Liu Tingting , Jiang Yan , Liu Zhenzhen , Li Jin , Fang Kun , Zhuang Chunlin , Du Lupei , Fang Hao , Sheng Chunquan , Li Minyong
Published: August 2017

Correction for ‘Environment-sensitive turn-on fluorescent probes for p53–MDM2 protein–protein interaction’ by Tingting Liu et al., MedChemCommun, 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7md00287d.
High performance aluminum–cerium alloys for high-temperature applications
Authors: Sims Zachary C. , Rios Orlando R. , Weiss David , Turchi Patrice E. A. , Perron Aurelien , Lee Jonathan R. I. , Li Tian T. , Hammons Joshua A. , Bagge-Hansen Michael , Willey Trevor M. , An Ke , Chen Yan , King Alex H. , McCall Scott K.
Published: August 2017

A new class of castable cerium strengthened aluminum alloys has phenomenal high temperature properties without the need for heat treatment.
Intracellular iron and heme trafficking and metabolism in developing erythroblasts
Authors: Kafina Martin D. , Paw Barry H.
Published: August 2017

Vertebrate red blood cells (RBCs) arise from erythroblasts in the human bone marrow through a process known as erythropoiesis.
A novel Pd(ii) CNO pincer complex of MR (methyl red): synthesis, crystal structure, interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) in vitro and molecular docking
Authors: Hosseini-Kharat Mahboubeh , Karami Kazem , Saeidifar Maryam , Rizzoli Corrado , Zahedi-Nasab Reza , Sohrabijam Zahra , Sharifi Tayebeh
Published: August 2017

The C–H activation of methyl red (MR) (MR = 2-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}benzoic acid) was achieved by reaction with Pd(OAc)2under mild conditions.
Design of polyurethane acrylic antimicrobial films via one-step UV curing
Authors: Chen Rui , Li Ting , Zhang Qi , Ding Zhongyang , Ma Piming , Zhang Shengwen , Chen Mingqing , Dong Weifu , Ming Weihua
Published: August 2017

A series of films with excellent antimicrobial properties is prepared from QACs bearing hydrophobic tails and a polyurethane acrylate prepolymer via one-step UV curing.
Vertical resonant tunneling transistors with molecular quantum dots for large-scale integration
Authors: Hayakawa Ryoma , Chikyow Toyohiro , Wakayama Yutaka
Published: August 2017

We demonstrate a new vertical resonant tunneling transistor for large-scale integration, where the transistor channel is comprised of a MOS structure with C60 molecules as quantum dots. The transistors enabled clear observation of stepwise drain currents, which originated from resonant tunneling via the discrete molecular orbitals.
Viral nanoparticles decorated with novel EGFL7 ligands enable intravital imaging of tumor neovasculature
Authors: Cho Choi-Fong , Yu Lihai , Nsiama Tienabe K. , Kadam Alisha N. , Raturi Arun , Shukla Sourabh , Amadei Giulio A. , Steinmetz Nicole F. , Luyt Leonard G. , Lewis John D.
Published: August 2017

Viral nanoparticles decorated with peptides targeting EGFL7 label tumor-associated blood vessels with high specificity as assessed by intravital imaging.
Monolayer-to-thin-film transition in supramolecular assemblies: the role of topological protection
Authors: Laker Zachary P. L. , Marsden Alexander J. , De Luca Oreste , Pia Ada Della , Perdigão Luís M. A. , Costantini Giovanni , Wilson Neil R.
Published: August 2017

An innovative combination of TEM and STM sheds new insight into the growth of organic layers and reveals the importance of topology in controlling the transition from two- to three-dimensional structure.
Accurate nanoscale flexibility measurement of DNA and DNA–protein complexes by atomic force microscopy in liquid
Authors: Murugesapillai Divakaran , Bouaziz Serge , Maher L. James , Israeloff Nathan E. , Cameron Craig E. , Williams Mark C.
Published: August 2017

We obtain accurate three-dimensional persistence length measurements for DNA and DNA–protein complexes using liquid AFM imaging, validated by optical tweezers.
The CO release properties of κ2N1,N2Mn(i) tricarbonyl photoCORMs with tridentate benzimidazole coligands
Authors: Mansour Ahmed M. , Friedrich Alexandra
Published: August 2017

The κ2N1,N2bidentate mode of tridentate benzimidazole ligand is changed into meridional, tridentate one upon illumination at 468 nm.
Aqueous extract of Cordyceps sinensis potentiates the antitumor effect of DDP and attenuates therapy-associated toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer via IκBα/NFκB and AKT/MMP2/MMP9 pathways
Authors: Huo Xiaowei , Liu Chenqi , Bai Xuelian , Li Wenjia , Li Jing , Hu Xuefeng , Cao Li
Published: August 2017

Cordyceps sinensisis reported as an invigorant with pleiotropic biological effects that has potential for tumor therapy.
The effect of vacancies and the substitution of p-block atoms on single-layer buckled germanium selenide
Authors: Ersan F. , Arkin H. , Aktürk E.
Published: August 2017

This paper investigates the effect of point defects of both hole (Ge, Se) and substitution doping of p-block elements, in single-layer b-GeSe, based on first principles plane wave calculations within spin-polarized density functional theory.
Recent advances in the rational design of copper chalcogenide to enhance the photothermal conversion efficiency for the photothermal ablation of cancer cells
Authors: Yan Chenglin , Tian Qiwei , Yang Shiping
Published: August 2017

Three rational designs and the mechanism for copper chalcogenide to enhance the heat conversion efficiency were discussed.
Analysis and modeling of the growth of intermetallic compounds in aluminum–steel joints
Authors: Zhang Gang , Chen ManJiao , Shi Yu , Huang Jiankang , Yang Fuqian
Published: August 2017

EBSD mapping of a welding zone ((A) image of crystal orientation, (B) pole figure, (C and D) EBSD color, black-white images of the joint); variation of the thickness of the Fe2Al5IMC layer with the simulation time.
Migration, reactivity, and sulfur tolerance of copper species in SAPO-34 zeolite toward NOx reduction with ammonia
Authors: Liu Xuesong , Wu Xiaodong , Weng Duan , Si Zhichun , Ran Rui
Published: August 2017

The formed CuSO4 contributes to the activity depending on the dispersion. Isolated Cu2+ tends to form dispersed CuSO4 which is active for SCR reaction. Contrarily, surface CuO clusters are inclined to produce crystalline CuSO4 with low reactivity.
pH-Responsive wormlike micelles based on microstructural transition in a C22-tailed cationic surfactant–aromatic dibasic acid system
Authors: Wang Pengxiang , Kang Wanli , Yang Hongbin , Yin Xia , Zhao Yilu , Zhu Zhou , Zhang Xiangfeng
Published: August 2017

pH-Responsive wormlike micelles based on microstructural transition have been developed by a C22-tailed cationic surfactant and aromatic dibasic acid.
Collaborative design of Li–S batteries using 3D N-doped graphene aerogel as a sulfur host and graphitic carbon nitride paper as an interlayer
Authors: Wutthiprom Juthaporn , Phattharasupakun Nutthaphon , Khuntilo Jakkrit , Maihom Thana , Limtrakul Jumras , Sawangphruk Montree
Published: August 2017

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been widely investigated due to their high energy densities; however, their practical applications have still been limited by their poor cycling stability owing to the shuttle mechanism effect, volume expansion, soluble polysulfides, and the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur and Li2S.
Enhanced solvent-free selective oxidation of cyclohexene to 1,2-cyclohexanediol by polyaniline@halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Zhou Tianzhu , Zhao Yue , Han Wenmei , Xie Huazhong , Li Cuiping , Yuan Mingquan
Published: August 2017

Enhanced solvent-free selective oxidation of cyclohexene to 1,2-cyclohexanediol was achieved by polyaniline@halloysite nanotubes with H2O2 as oxidant at 70 °C.
Structural variations to a donor polymer with low energy losses
Authors: Yuan Jianyu , Ran Niva A. , Ford Michael J. , Wang Ming , Ravva Mahesh Kumar , Mai Cheng-Kang , Liu Xiaofeng , Brédas Jean-Luc , Nguyen Thuc-Quyen , Ma Wanli , Bazan Guillermo C.
Published: August 2017

Two regioregular narrow bandgap conjugated polymers with a D′–A–D–A repeat unit architecture were synthesized for PSC applications. Determination of Ect in these solar cells reveals insightful changes in the energy loss relative to similar previously reported chemical structures.
Lithium ion conductivity in Li2S–P2S5 glasses – building units and local structure evolution during the crystallization of superionic conductors Li3PS4, Li7P3S11 and Li4P2S7
Authors: Dietrich Christian , Weber Dominik A. , Sedlmaier Stefan J. , Indris Sylvio , Culver Sean P. , Walter Dirk , Janek Jürgen , Zeier Wolfgang G.
Published: August 2017

The local structure phase diagram of (Li2S)x(P2S5)100−x thiophosphates derived from pair distribution function crystallization experiments.
Production of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor membrane for microRNA detection
Authors: Fu Yike , Chen Tong , Wang Gang , Gu Tongxu , Xie Congkun , Huang Jie , Li Xiang , Best Serena , Han Gaorong
Published: August 2017

A FRET biosensor, based on rare earth-doped calcium fluoride particles incorporated into silica nanofibers (CaF2:Yb,Ho@SiO2) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), offers a simple and quantitative methodology for miRNA-195 detection.
Rhodamine functionalized conducting polymers for dual intention: electrochemical sensing and fluorescence imaging of cells
Authors: Ozturk Kirbay Fatma , Ayranci Rukiye , Ak Metin , Odaci Demirkol Dilek , Timur Suna
Published: August 2017

We report here the electrochemical co-polymerization of two functional monomers; one containing fluorescent rhodamine dye (RF) and the other monomer having amine groups (RD), onto electroactive Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass.
Aspirin enhances the osteogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of human mesenchymal stem cells on osteogenic BFP-1 peptide-decorated substrates
Authors: Li Yan , Luo Zuyuan , Xu Xiao , Li Yongliang , Zhang Siqi , Zhou Ping , Sui Yi , Wu Minjie , Luo En , Wei Shicheng
Published: August 2017

The combination of aspirin and an osteogenic BFP-1 peptide-decorated substrate significantly enhances immunomodulation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs.
Temporal and spatial programming in soft composite hydrogel objects
Authors: Jaggers Ross W. , Bon Stefan A. F.
Published: August 2017

A spatial and temporal response of hydrogel objects is demonstrated using an enzyme as a programming tool.
Recent progress in the development of n-type organic semiconductors for organic field effect transistors
Authors: Quinn Jesse T. E. , Zhu Jiaxin , Li Xu , Wang Jinliang , Li Yuning
Published: August 2017

This article reviews recent major progress in the development of organic semiconductors as electron transport n-channel materials in organic field effect transistors (OFETs).
PEGMa modified molybdenum oxide as a NIR photothermal agent for composite thermal/pH-responsive p(NIPAM-co-MAA) microgels
Authors: Qi Xiaofang , Peng Jing , Tang Dongyan , Wang Ning , Zou Hongyun
Published: August 2017

Complex nanoparticle PEGMa–MoOx/p(NIPAM-co-MAA) microgels with triple responsiveness, controllable pH-dependent degradation and strong NIR absorbance.
Electronic structure design for nanoporous, electrically conductive zeolitic imidazolate frameworks
Authors: Butler Keith T. , Worrall Stephen D. , Molloy Christopher D. , Hendon Christopher H. , Attfield Martin P. , Dryfe Robert A. W. , Walsh Aron
Published: August 2017

Electronic structure calculations are used to develop design rules for enhanced electrical conductivity in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks.
Intrinsic disorder in the partitioning protein KorB persists after co-operative complex formation with operator DNA and KorA
Authors: Hyde Eva I. , Callow Philip , Rajasekar Karthik V. , Timmins Peter , Patel Trushar R. , Siligardi Giuliano , Hussain Rohanah , White Scott A. , Thomas Christopher M. , Scott David J.
Published: August 2017

The ParB protein, KorB, from the RK2 plasmid is required for DNA partitioning and transcriptional repression. It acts co-operatively with other proteins, including the repressor KorA. Like many multifunctional proteins, KorB contains regions of intrinsically disordered structure, existing in a large ensemble of interconverting conformations. Using NMR spectroscopy, circular dichroism and small-angle neutron scattering, we studied KorB selectively within its binary complexes with KorA and DNA, and within the ternary KorA/KorB/DNA complex. The bound KorB protein remains disordered with a mobile C-terminal domain and no changes in the secondary structure, but increases in the radius of gyration on complex formation. Comparison of wild-type KorB with an N-terminal deletion mutant allows a model of the ensemble average distances between the domains when bound to DNA. We propose that the positive co-operativity between KorB, KorA and DNA results from conformational restriction of KorB on binding each partner, while maintaining disorder.
Diabetic nephropathy – is this an immune disorder?
Authors: Tesch Greg H.
Published: August 2017

Chronic diabetes is associated with metabolic and haemodynamic stresses which can facilitate modifications to DNA, proteins and lipids, induce cellular dysfunction and damage, and stimulate inflammatory and fibrotic responses which lead to various types of renal injury. Approximately 30–40% of patients with diabetes develop nephropathy and this renal injury normally progresses in about a third of patients. Due to the growing incidence of diabetes, diabetic nephropathy is now the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Accumulating evidence from experimental and clinical studies has demonstrated that renal inflammation plays a critical role in determining whether renal injury progresses during diabetes. However, the immune response associated with diabetic nephropathy is considerably different to that seen in autoimmune kidney diseases or in acute kidney injury arising from episodes of ischaemia or infection. This review evaluates the role of the immune system in the development of diabetic nephropathy, including the specific contributions of leucocyte subsets (macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, T and B lymphocytes), danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), inflammasomes, immunoglobulin and complement. It also examines factors which may influence the development of the immune response, including genetic factors and exposure to other kidney insults. In addition, this review discusses therapies which are currently under development for targeting the immune system in diabetic nephropathy and indicates those which have proceeded into clinical trials.
Half‐cycle method for exponentially DC components elimination applicable in phasor estimation
Authors: Tajdinian Mohsen , Seifi Ali Reza , Allahbakhshi Mehdi
Published: August 2017

Decaying DC component has considerable effect on both accuracy and speed of convergence in numerical and digital relays for estimating fundamental phasor. Basically, this component causes unwanted and undesired oscillations in the time response of the fundamental phasor. As a result, it extremely affects decision making of the protective relay, which operates according to fundamental phasor component. In this study, a novel hybrid algorithm based on integration and half‐cycle discrete Fourier transform (HDFT) is presented. Proposed method of this study is able to efficiently estimate fundamental frequency component by taking different parameters, including DC offset in the fault current, DC offset in a current transformer secondary side and off‐nominal frequency condition into account. Moreover, in this study, modified DFT‐based method for phasor estimation that is called combined integration and HDFT (CIHDFT) is put forward, which accurately estimates the original value of fundamental frequency phasor in half‐cycle by considering the presence of harmonics in the waveforms. The proposed method is successfully applied to different test cases, followed by discussion on the results. Analysing the simulation results, it can be concluded that CIHDFT algorithm has remarkable performance in comparison with previous phasor estimation algorithms.
Characterising micro‐reflections in coaxial cable network
Authors: Cazarotto Marco , Lopes Renato da Rocha
Published: August 2017

In this study, the authors propose a method to estimate information on impedance mismatches in coaxial cable networks. This information can help maintenance crews to locate and repair these mismatches. The information is estimated under the framework of DOCSIS preventive maintenance, and is based solely on equaliser coefficients already known by the system. Thus, it does not require any change to the system or the standard. The authors will show that, in contrast to the current DOCSIS approach, the proposed method provides a finer estimate, and allows for the estimation of information even when more than one micro‐reflection is present.
Junction‐less charge plasma TFET with dual drain work functionality for suppressing ambipolar nature and improving radio‐frequency performance
Authors: Tirkey Sukeshni , Raad Bhagwan Ram , Gedam Anju , Sharma Dheeraj
Published: August 2017

This work deals with a distinct concept to realise the junction‐less tunnel field effect transistor (JL TFET) by creating the plasma of charges. The crux of this study is to reduce ambipolar conduction and to improve high‐frequency figure of merits. To construct a JL TFET, initially silicon film is considered and then metal electrodes are used to form drain and channel region. The drain electrode is separated into two sections and the work function of section adjacent to channel is selected higher than the other section. This provides a non‐uniform doping profile in the drain region creating large barrier at the drain/channel junction to prevent the ambipolar conduction. Ambipolarity is reduced to from at . The selection of work function and length of drain electrode adjunct to channel is crucial for optimising device performance. This optimisation provides information that work function >4.0 eV and length = 10 nm completely suppresses the ambipolarity which is around with little degradation in ON‐current. The high work function for the section of drain electrode adjunct to channel provides lower gate‐to‐drain capacitance () and superior high‐frequency responses. Furthermore, performance assessment at circuit level is done by implementing primary digital circuits as inverter and NAND logic with lookup table based Verilog‐A model.
Fabrication of TiO2‐WO3 hollow spheres via a templating technique for photocatalytic applications
Authors: Deng Anquan , Zhu Yufu , Zhou Lei , Lin Yuebin
Published: August 2017

TiO2‐WO3 hollow spheres were successfully fabricated by a two‐step synthesis method, which combines the polystyrene template‐assisted method and chemical deposition method. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and X‐ray diffractometer were used to characterise the obtained products. The results indicate that the as‐fabricated nanocomposites are double‐shelled TiO2‐WO3 hollow spherical structures. The photocatalytic properties of the obtained products were determined by the degradation of rhodamine B aqueous solution under simulated solar irradiation. The results reveal that the TiO2‐WO3 hollow spheres and pure TiO2 hollow spheres all have superior photocatalytic degradation ability. Compared with P25 nanoparticles and TiO2 hollow spheres, TiO2‐WO3 hollow spheres exhibit the best photocatalytic performance.
Deep insight into linearity and NQS parameters of tunnel FET with emphasis on lateral straggle
Authors: Ghosh Sayani , Koley Kalyan , Sarkar Chandan K.
Published: August 2017

Tunnel field‐effect transistor (TFET) is considered to have superior device performance compared with DG‐metal–oxide–semiconductor FET in terms of reduced off‐state current and lower subthreshold swing. However, performance of a device solely depends on the accuracy in the fabrication process. This work presents a systematic methodology in small‐signal‐radio‐frequency (RF) and linearity domain to analyse the effect of variation in lateral straggle caused by the variation tilt angle during ion implantation process. From previously published researches, it is intuitively established fact that the accurate evaluation of intrinsic components and estimation of linearity in short channel devices is crucial to access the range of application of the device. In this work, the authors have investigated the RF intrinsic parameter performances of a silicon double gate TFET having variation in lateral straggle from 1 to 5 nm. This study includes the analysis of non‐quasi‐static RF bias‐dependent parameters such as intrinsic capacitances (Cgs, Cgd), gate‐to‐drain intrinsic resistance (Rgd) and intrinsic time delay (τ). Similarly, the device linearity and reliability are investigated here in terms of higher‐order transconductances (gm2 and gm3), VIP2, VIP3, IMD3, IIP3 and 1 dB compression point.
Influence of interface wettability on normal and explosive boiling of ultra‐thin liquid films on a heated substrate in nanoscale: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Li Cunhui , Zhao Meiwen , Zhu Yingmin , Wang Weidong
Published: August 2017

Wettability, as one of the important properties of solid surface, may influence heat and mass transfer in boiling process. Molecular dynamics method is employed to investigate the effects of wettability on normal and explosive boiling of ultra‐thin liquid argon film absorbed on a heated solid aluminium surface in a confined space in present work. The initial three‐phase molecular system is comprised of solid aluminium wall, liquid argon and vapour argon and is run for three different solid–liquid interfacial wettability (lyophilic, lyophobic and neutral surfaces), which achieves a balance at 90 K. After equilibrium period, two different jump temperatures degree, 150 and 350 K, are set on heat source layers separately to characterise the boiling phenomena, namely, low‐temperature degree for normal boiling and high‐temperature degree for explosive boiling in which temperature of solid wall is far beyond the critical temperature of liquid argon. The simulation results indicate that the wetting condition of solid–liquid interfacial surface have significant effects on both cases of boiling phenomena. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate with good wettability (lyophilic) is much higher than bad wettability (lyophobic) with same jump temperature degree.
Formation of gold nanoparticle dimers on silicon by sacrificial DNA origami technique
Authors: Yamashita Naoki , Ma Zhipeng , Park Seongsu , Kawai Kentaro , Hirai Yoshikazu , Tsuchiya Toshiyuki , Tabata Osamu
Published: August 2017

To create a nanogap‐based device for single‐molecule label‐free detection using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), a new approach utilising DNA origami (DO) as a sacrificial nanostructure is proposed. In this approach, 15‐nm diameter gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are precisely self‐assembled to form a dimer structure on opposite faces of a rectangular DO structure. The AuNPs are then fixed on a silicon chip supporting an amino‐terminated monolayer and the DO is selectively removed by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) treatment followed by ultrapure water cleaning. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirmed the successful removal of the DNA nanostructures and the VUV treatment had little effect on the diameter of the AuNPs. Quantitative evaluations showed that the original gap distance of about 3.8 nm was reduced to <2 nm after the DO structures were removed by the VUV treatment and ultrapure water rinse. The proposed technique can therefore be considered a simple and low‐cost alternative to EB lithography approaches.
Single-Stage Surgery Using Calcium Sulfate Pellets in Association with Tumor Resection as Treatment for Intraosseous Hemangioma of the Radius Shaft in a 2-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Andreacchio Antonio , Alberghina Flavia , Giacometti Vanessa , Marengo Lorenza , Canavese Federico
Published: August 2017

Intraosseous hemangiomas are uncommon benign vascular tumors. Here the authors report a case of intraosseous hemangioma of the radial shaft in a 2-year-old boy, surgically treated by tumor mass resection and application of calcium sulfate pellets with no signs of relapse over a 2-year follow-up. Moreover, the lesion healed with new bone formation, and the last plain radiographs suggested homogenous normal trabecular bone density. The radius grew in length and remodeled to an almost normal shape. Clinically, elbow flexion-extension and forearm pronation and supination were within normal limits at the last follow-up visit.

This report points to calcium sulfate pellets as a valid alternative to autologous bone grafting as void filler in large bone defects. Calcium sulfate pellets enable fast osteoinduction without interfering in follow-up imaging.
ESC-Leitlinie 2016 – Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Adrian Lucas , Werner Christian , Laufs Ulrich
Published: August 2017

Was ist neu?

Neue Einteilung Die neuen Leitlinien der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (ESC) unterscheiden eine Herzinsuffizienz (HF) mit reduzierter (HRrEF), mittelgradig eingeschränkter (HFmrEF) und erhaltener (HFpEF) Ejektionsfraktion (EF).

Diagnostik Für Patienten mit Verdacht auf Herzinsuffizienz (nicht-akuter Beginn) wird in der Leitlinie ein neuer diagnostischer Algorithmus vorgestellt.

Prävention Nach den Ergebnissen der EMPA-REG-OUTCOME-Studie wird Empagliflozin zur Senkung der Mortalität bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 empfohlen.

Therapie Der Angiotensinrezeptor-Neprilysin-Inhibitor (ARNI) Sacubitril/Valsartan erhält eine IB-Empfehlung für Patienten, die mit einer linksventrikulären Ejektionsfraktion (LVEF) < 40 % trotz der Gabe von ACE-Hemmer, Betablocker und Mineralokortikoid-Rezeptorantagonist weiterhin symptomatisch sind.

Komorbiditäten Für Typ-2-Diabetes, Eisenmangel, Asthma bronchiale und adaptive Servoventilation wurden Änderungen der Empfehlung im Vergleich zur vorherigen Leitlinie vorgenommen.

Akute Herzinsuffizienz Die neuen ESC-Leitlinien betonen die Wichtigkeit der klinischen Evaluation des Patienten mit der Erhebung des Perfusions- und Stauungszustandes zur Ableitung therapeutischer Maßnahmen.
4.4.24.3 Silyl Cyanides (Update 2017)
Authors: Nishimoto Y. , Yasuda M. , Baba A.
Published: August 2017

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution describing methods for the synthesis of silyl cyanides. It focuses on the literature published in the period 1997–2015.
4.4.11 Product Subclass 11: Silyllithium and Related Silyl Alkali Metal Reagents
Authors: Kleeberg C.
Published: August 2017

This chapter is a revision of the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution describing methods for the synthesis of silyllithium reagents and related compounds of the heavier alkali metals. Various synthetic routes to silyl alkali metal reagents are presented, employing different reaction types including reductive or nucleophilic cleavage of disilanes, reductive metalation of silyl halides, and cleavage of Si—H bonds.
34.2.2 Fluorocyclopropanes (Update 2017)
Authors: Jubault P. , Poisson T. , Pannecoucke X.
Published: August 2017

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 34.2) describing methods for the synthesis of fluorocyclopropanes. The most important breakthrough described in this update is the development of asymmetric syntheses of fluorocyclopropanes based on various approaches, such as the use of chiral fluorinated scaffolds or the development of catalytic enantioselective sequences. This review focuses on the contributions published between 2005 and 2016.
34.10.5 β-Fluoroamines (Update 2017)
Authors: Hunter L.
Published: August 2017

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 34.10) describing methods for the synthesis of β-fluoroamines. This topic has continued to attract signficant attention from the synthetic community, largely due to the medicinal importance of this class of compounds. A wide variety of new methods have been developed, and this review focuses on examples that were published between 2005 and 2015.
34.1.1.8 Synthesis of Fluoroalkanes by Substitution of Hydrogen (Update 2017)
Authors: Rueda-Becerril M. , Sammis G. M.
Published: August 2017

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 34.1.1) describing methods for the synthesis of fluoroalkanes by substitution of hydrogen. The increasing importance of fluorine-containing molecules in the health, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical sectors has resulted in the rapid development of more-selective, more-controlled, and safer methods for the insertion of a fluorine atom into structurally diverse molecules. Herein, the most synthetically useful methods reported from 2006 until mid-2016 to achieve such transformations are described.
State and green crimes related to water pollution and ecological disorganization: water pollution from publicly owned treatment works (POTW) facilities across US states
Authors: Lynch Michael J. , Stretesky Paul B. , Long Michael A.
Published: August 2017

Green criminologists often refer to water pollution as an example of a green crime, but have yet to produce much research on this subject. The current article addresses the need for green criminological analyses of water pollution problems, and draws attention to an overlooked issue: water pollution emissions from state owned public water treatment facilities or POTWs. Legally, POTWs may emit certain quantities and kinds of pollutants to waterways following treatment. This does not mean, however, that those emissions have no adverse ecological or public health impacts, or that those emissions cannot also be employed as examples of green crimes or green-state crimes. Indeed, from the perspective of environmental sociology and ecological Marxism, those emissions generate ecological disorganization. Moreover, POTW emissions contain numerous pollutants that generate different forms of ecological disorganization. The current study uses POTW emissions data drawn from the US EPA’s Discharge Monitoring Report system for 2014 to illustrate the extent of pollution emitted by POTWs in and across US states as one dimension of ecological disorganization. To contextualize the meaning of those data, we review US water pollution regulations, review the health and ecological impacts of chemicals emitted by POTWs, and situate those emissions within green criminological discussions of green crime and green-state crimes.
The unemployable and the generic: rethinking the commons in the communist hypothesis
Authors: Tupinambá Gabriel
Published: August 2017

One of the main points of contention in the current debates surrounding Marxism has been the problem of finding a concrete substrate, which would orient the recuperation of the communist political strategy. Are there impasses in our contemporary society which justify the use of such a polemical notion as communism? Most authors currently involved with this debate agree that it is the problem of the “commons" under capitalism, which calls for a new theory and practice of communism. Where they disagree is on what the “commons” are and on how they exist within capitalism itself. The present contribution seeks to intervene on this debate and spell out the categorial recomposition of some fundamental aspects of Marxist critique of political economy implicitly at stake in Slavoj Žižek’s theorization of the “antagonisms of the common”. Taking up the insight of Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt concerning the new centrality of the enclosure of the commons in contemporary capitalism, Žižek has developed an alternative—more sober—view of the structural subsumption of these common spaces to the dynamics of Capital, where the very communal dimension of these domains only appear as common after they have been privatized. To extract the consequences of this assertion, we will first reconstruct the Marxist theory of enclosures in a comparative reading of the first volume of Capital and Karl Polanyi’s classic The Great Transformation. This will lead us to a broader discussion of the contemporary transformations in capitalism, with a focus on the crisis of value as primarily sustained by absolute surplus-value extraction. With an understanding of the idea of the commons and a historical background of our current predicament, we will be in position to follow Antonio Negri’s reading of how the enclosure of the commons leads to a new communist strategy and also to criticize it, using Slavoj Zizek’s alternative understanding of our contemporary social antagonisms. Following through Zizek's reading of the logic of enclosures, we come to the conclusion that, first, unemployment has the structure of an enclosure, one which is responsible for the very form of the work commodity—as it was already suggested by Fredric Jameson and others—and, second, that, from a certain philosophical perspective shared by thinkers such as Zizek and Badiou, this realization can lead us to an innovative recuperation of the Marxist theory of “generic being”, proposed by Marx in his Manuscripts of 1844.
Barium hydroxide hole blocking layer for front- and back-organic/crystalline Si heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Hossain Jaker , Kasahara Koji , Harada Daisuke , Saiful Islam A. T. M. , Ishikawa Ryo , Ueno Keiji , Hanajiri Tatsuro , Nakajima Yoshikata , Fujii Yasuhiko , Tokuda Masahide , Shirai Hajime
Published: August 2017

We demonstrate the potential of barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, as a hole blocking layer on the photovoltaic performance of front- and back-organic/n-type crystalline silicon (n-Si) heterojunction solar cells with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the front-PEDOT:PSS/n-Si heterojunction solar cell was increased from 12.8% for pristine to 13.6% with a 2-nm-thick Ba(OH)2 interlayer at the rear n-Si and aluminum (Al) cathode interface due to the enhanced hole blocking as well as electron injection capability to the Al cathode in the infrared region. PCE was further increased to 14.3% with a short-circuit density JSC of 30.27 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage VOC of 0.632 V, and a fill factor FF of 0.75 using a 20-nm-thick 4,4′-Cyclohexylidenebis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine] as an antireflection layer. PCE of the back-PEDOT:PSS/n-Si heterojunction solar cells was also increased from 4.4% for pristine to 8.1% with a JSC of 33.40 mA/cm2, a VOC of 0.573 V, and an FF of 0.423 by inserting a 2-nm-thick Ba(OH)2 layer at the front-Al and isotropically textured n-Si interface. These findings imply that Ba(OH)2 has great potential as an efficient hole-blocking layer for both front- and back-PEDOT:PSS/n-Si heterojunction solar cells.
Intracavity Faraday modulation spectroscopy (INFAMOS): A tool for radical detection
Authors: Gianella Michele , Pinto Tomas H. P. , Wu Xia , Ritchie Grant A. D.
Published: August 2017

We present the intra-cavity Faraday modulation spectroscopy technique, whereby optical feedback cavity-enhanced spectroscopy is coupled with Faraday modulation spectroscopy to greatly enhance the interaction path length of a laser beam with a paramagnetic sample in a magnetic field. We describe a first prototype based upon a cw quantum cascade laser targeting a selection of fundamental rovibrational R-branch transitions of nitric oxide (1890 cm−1), consisting of a linear cavity (finesse F=6300) and a water-cooled solenoid. We demonstrate a minimum detectable Verdet constant of Vmin=4.7×10−14 rad cm−1 G−1 Hz−1/2 (at SNR = 1), corresponding to a single-pass rotation angle of 1.6×10−10 rad Hz−1/2 and a limit of detection of 0.21 ppbv Hz−1/2 NO.
Development of reactive force fields using ab initio molecular dynamics simulation minimally biased to experimental data
Authors: Chen Chen , Arntsen Christopher , Voth Gregory A.
Published: August 2017

Incorporation of quantum mechanical electronic structure data is necessary to properly capture the physics of many chemical processes. Proton hopping in water, which involves rearrangement of chemical and hydrogen bonds, is one such example of an inherently quantum mechanical process. Standard ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) methods, however, do not yet accurately predict the structure of water and are therefore less than optimal for developing force fields. We have instead utilized a recently developed method which minimally biases AIMD simulations to match limited experimental data to develop novel multiscale reactive molecular dynamics (MS-RMD) force fields by using relative entropy minimization. In this paper, we present two new MS-RMD models using such a parameterization: one which employs water with harmonic internal vibrations and another which uses anharmonic water. We show that the newly developed MS-RMD models very closely reproduce the solvation structure of the hydrated excess proton in the target AIMD data. We also find that the use of anharmonic water increases proton hopping, thereby increasing the proton diffusion constant.