bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ІТЕРАТИВНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ДЕВЕЛОПЕРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Фісуненко Павло , Герасименко Олександр
Published: March 2024

Стаття присвячена розробці ітеративного підходу до оптимізації девелоперської діяльності. Встановлено, що девелопмент є сучасною концепцією в інвестиційно-будівельній сфері, яка набуває дедалі більшого розповсюдження. Обґрунтовано необхідність уточнення науково-теоретичних основ для здійснення оптимізації девелоперської діяльності. Досліджено сутність поняття оптимізації діяльності, що дало змогу виділити процесний та структурний варіанти оптимізації. Доведена доцільність застосування структурної оптимізації в девелопменті. Запропоновано ітеративний підхід до оптимізації девелоперської діяльності з врахуванням ключових оптимізаційних критеріїв, що ґрунтується на аналізі наявних та потенційних девелоперських проектів з прийняттям рішення по кожному окремо взятому проекту залежно від того, на якій стадії девелопменту перебуває цей проект. Розроблений підхід дозволяє забезпечити успішну реалізацію проектів девелоперської компанії, належний рівень ефективності її діяльності за мінімальних відхилень від очікуваних результатів.
МОДЕЛЬ ЯКОСТІ ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДЛЯ БІОНІЧНИХ ПРОТЕЗІВ
Authors: ЛЮБЧЕНКО Віра , ЧУМАЧЕНКО Данило
Published: March 2024

Розробка біонічних протезів та програмного забезпечення, що їх супроводжує, за останні роки значно просунулася вперед, пропонуючи користувачам інноваційні способи контролю та взаємодії зі своїми протезами. Це дослідження заглиблюється в різні аспекти розробки програмного забезпечення для біонічних протезів, зосереджуючись на отриманні даних, передачі тактильних відчуттів і зворотного зв'язку, математичній обробці даних і заходах забезпечення якості. Основна увага приділяється методам отримання даних від біонічних протезів, які включають міоелектричне пряме управління, розпізнавання міоелектричних патернів і управління за допомогою механоміограми. Кожен метод пов'язаний з унікальними проблемами, такими як зовнішні шумові перешкоди та м'язова втома, які вимагають надійних програмних рішень для збору, інтерпретації та обробки даних. Передача тактильних відчуттів і зворотного зв'язку – ще один важливий аспект, який розглядається в цьому дослідженні, з акцентом на остеоперцепцію, простий тактильний зворотний зв'язок і електричну стимуляцію нервів. Програмне забезпечення відіграє ключову роль у точному відтворенні сигналів управління, щоб забезпечити користувачам реалістичні тактильні відчуття і зворотний зв'язок, покращуючи їх загальний досвід користування протезом і функціональність. Досліджуються математичні моделі та методи обробки даних, включаючи метод Кейна, моделювання аферентної активності, ієрархічну кластеризацію та методи статистичного аналізу. Ці математичні інструменти допомагають зрозуміти рухи користувача, коактивацію м'язів та ефективність систем управління протезами. Нарешті, запропоновано комплексну модель якості програмного забезпечення для біонічних протезів, що охоплює вісім ключових характеристик: надійність, безпека, простота використання, швидкість реагування, адаптивність, довговічність, сумісність і конфіденційність. Хоча деякі характеристики відповідають встановленим моделям якості програмного забезпечення, таким як SQuaRE, додаткові атрибути, такі як безпека, адаптивність і довговічність, розроблені спеціально для програмного забезпечення для біонічних протезів.
Kepemimpinan Altruis dan Reframing Budaya Organisasi Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Mubah Hilmi Qosim , Hasanah Iswatun , Muin Abdul
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out how organizational reframing creates and maintains the organizational culture of educational institutions. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a choice of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses or PRISMA. On the official PRISMA website. The research results show. The reframing approach is an alternative choice in the midst of various strategies to increase the competitiveness and capabilities of educational institutions. For leaders, human resources should be a valuable asset so their existence must be a concern to be developed and directed towards the goals of educational institutions. Reframing has the goal of being able to change someone for the better. The assumption underlying the reframing technique is that one's beliefs, thoughts, and perceptions can create false emotions. Self-Reframing aims to help people to see problematic situations from a different perspective so that they will be more open to solutions. Maintaining culture may be more difficult than creating. The steps contained in the material can be applied to maintain the organizational culture that has been created so that it is not simply forgotten, namely Staff Selection, Orientation, Job Mastery, Reward and Control System, Adherence to Values, Strengthening the history of the institution, Consistent Example.
Installation of Religious Moderation Values in Multi Ethnic And Religious Communities in Polagan Galis Pamekasan Village
Authors: Fithriyah Imaniyatul
Published: March 2024

This research aims to reveal and provide an interpretation of the results of research on the inculcation of the value of religious moderation by the Miftahul Qulub Islamic boarding school in multi-ethnic and religious communities. This research method uses a qualitative approach because the data produced is in the form of words, while the type of research is a case study because it wants to reveal the process of instilling the value of religious moderation by Islamic boarding schools in the formation of an inclusive, friendly community that is able to live side by side with ethnic and religious differences. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and the study of documents related to the research theme. The research data were then analyzed through an interactive analysis model, namely through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the process of cultivating religious moderation values carried out by Islamic boarding schools in their efforts to form a multi-ethnic and religious society that is harmonious, friendly, tolerant, and coexisting in differences in both ethnicity and religious belief is through a habituation process, an integration process, a reflective process, and the process of transinternalization and social assimilation based on social community and socio-religious in the village of Polagan Galis Pemakasan.
Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam Dalam Membangun Moderasi Beragama Pada Pondok Pesantren Ahlush Suffah Kabupaten Bantaeng
Authors: Sahruddin Sahruddin , Yaumi Muhammad , Malli Rusli , Sumiati Sumiati
Published: March 2024

Pesantren dan moderasi beragama adalah dua hal yang sering dibicarakan karena pesantren sudah pasti mengajarkan moderasi beragama. Namun strategi dan cara penanamannya yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan memotret bagaimana pesantren Ahlush Suffah di Bantaeng melakukan penanaman moderasi beragama sebagai nilai pendidikan Islam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa; penanaman nilai-nilai moderasi beragama di pesantren adalah nilai tawassut, tawazun, iâ€™tidal, tasamuh, Musawah, Syura, Islah, tahaddur, Kudwatiyah. Nilai tersebut diajarkan melalui metode madrasy/kelas formal, berupa Pendidikan dalam kelas yang mengikuti pada system Pendidikan nasional. Kedua, metode halaqah. Pegajian halaqah yang dibawakan oleh kyai setiap selesai sholat magrib dan subuh di masjid dengan mengkaji kitab kuning. Ketiga, hidden curriculum, yaitu segala sesuatu yang mempengaruhi santri yang berkaitan dengan moderasi beragama
DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN HOTEL CIBINONG CITY MALL TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KONDISI SOSIAL DAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT RW 04 PAKANSARI CIBINONG
Authors: Novianto Dicky , Syaiful Syaiful , Aminda Renea Shinta
Published: March 2024

Cibinong City Mall is one of the largest and grandest shopping centers in Bogor, which is located in the Pakansari area, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java. Strategically located in the central government area of Bogor Regency and 2 kilometers from the North Sentul toll gate. This mall started operating in 2013. Cibinong City Mall (CCM), is preparing the next step in the construction of Harris Hotel, by appointing PT Adhi Persada Gedung (APG) as the main contractor in the construction project.. The selection of APG as the main contractor is based on the credibility of the BUMN company which has succeeded in constructing many buildings in Indonesia. The number of hotels is feared to have an impact on the social and economic conditions of the community. The objectives of this study are 1) To examine the socio-economic characteristics of the population in the area around the hotel construction 2) To examine the effect of hotel construction on socio-economic conditions in Cibinong District. The analytical method used is the technique of collecting data through surveys in the form of interviews to obtain primary data. The results of the interview explained that 1) The characteristics of the social and economic conditions of the people of Cibinong District in the near, medium, and far areas were not much different. The level of awareness of public education is high. This is indicated by the SMA/SMK level that dominates in each area for both parents and children. The number of people who state that the income they get every month is sufficient to meet their daily needs and tertiary needs, 2) The effect of hotel development on socio-economic conditions in Cibinong District has positive and negative impacts. The direct and indirect impacts are seen in economic conditions where the direct impact provides new jobs for the surrounding community for the hotel construction process.
PENYEDIAAN WADAH SAMPAH DAUN KERING DI KP. TEGALEGA PERMAI
Authors: Syaiful Syaiful , Permana Arisandi Anwar , Aminda Renea Shinta , Afrianto Yuggo
Published: March 2024

Litter is defined by man by his degree of dress, in the natural processes there is in reality no such thing as garbage, only products produced after and during the natural process. However, since in human life it is defined by the concept of the environment. At this time the problem with my neighborhood was that there were no garbage cans available for the runoff of dry leaves that would pollute the streets. Since there were trees in my neighborhood and there were not small in number, after I had noticed that the leaves had not been burned or discarded by the janitors, the dried leaves were simply collected with trashbag plastic and stored next to the street. And every week a janitor picks up the garbage to the treatment of the dried leaf litter for organic fertilizer. The results of this study produced a plan to provide incredibly efficient dry leaf shelters, in order to create a clean environment and to eliminate long-term dry leaf containers.
КОТИ В СУЧАСНОМУ УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ЖИВОПИСІ
Authors: Триколенко Софія , Триколенко Елліна
Published: March 2024

У статті розглядається роль зображень котів у сучасному українському живописі. Розглядаються різні типи зображень – коти в якості стафажу, коти в портретному живописі на рівні з портретованими людьми, коти як головний об’єкт зображення. Проводяться історичні паралелі з відомими образами котів, аналізується сакрально-фольклорний підтекст трактування певних котячих образів. Автори звертають увагу на роль котів у сучасному мистецтві та культурі загалом. Окрема увага приділяється впливу безмежного інтернет середовища на популяризацію котячої тематики. Основну увагу статті приділено зображенням котів, які перебували в експозиціях відомих київських виставкових залів та галерей. В якості прикладів наведено картини, що експонувалися на виставках у Києві протягом 2022–2023 років.
ВОЛЬОВИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ ГОТОВНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ЛІКАРІВ-СТОМАТОЛОГІВ ДО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ: РОЗВИТОК В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА
Authors: Добровольська Анна
Published: March 2024

Дослідження присвячено вольовим якостям (відображають вольовий компонент готовності здобувачів вищої медичної освіти до використання цифрових технологій у професійній діяльності) майбутніх лікарів-стоматологів у контексті їх навчання в закладах вищої медичної освіти в умовах сучасних викликів українського суспільства. Метою було з’ясувати динаміку рівнів вольових якостей майбутніх фахівців, котрі набувають інформаційно-технологічну компетентність, вивчаючи дисципліни «Медична інформатика» і «Інформаційні технології в стоматології» в час воєнної доби, а також дослідити, як вона розвивається в таких умовах. Анкета для опитування складалася з 20 запитань. Анкетне опитування охопило 98 майбутніх лікарів-стоматологів. Усі респонденти навчалися за спеціальністю 221 «Стоматологія» на стоматологічному факультеті Івано-Франківського національного медичного університету. Результати цього дослідження були оцінені за визначеним алгоритмом з використанням таких методів як аналіз, синтез, порівняння, конкретизація, систематизація, узагальнення, а також методів математичної статистики. Встановлено, що, формуючи інформаційно-технологічну компетентність в умовах сучасних викликів в Україні, майбутні фахівці набувають готовність до використання цифрових технологій у професійній діяльності в рамах її вольового компонента за позитивної динаміки рівнів вольових якостей. З’ясовано, що майбутні лікарі-стоматологи як суб’єкти професійної діяльності, котрі використовують цифрові технології в рамах ІТ-компетентності, в процесі навчання дисциплінам «Медична інформатика» і «Інформаційні технології в стоматології» в умовах повномасштабної війни змінили пріоритети вияву вольових якостей.
TAX INCENTIVE SCHEMES AND BALANCED REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY
Authors: Сердінова Анна
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the impact of investment incentives on regional development and economic growth in Turkey. It provides a comprehensive overview of the investment incentive system introduced in 2012, categorizing regions based on development levels and offering various incentives such as tax exemptions, reductions, and social security support. The research investigates the relationship between investment incentives, public expenditures, regional differences, and economic growth. Through a thorough examination, the study aims to understand how the current incentive system addresses regional disparities and promotes balanced economic growth. The literature review explores international perspectives, including China and Italy, providing insights into the effectiveness of tax incentives on R&D investment and macroeconomic performance. The study also analyzes the European Commission's report on tax incentives for venture capital and business angels. The results and discussion section outlines the investment incentive framework in Turkey, emphasizing regional, priority, large-scale, and strategic schemes. The research considers twelve investment categories, each supported by specific incentive measures. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of aligning incentives with regional needs, fostering equitable development, and promoting strategic sectors. It highlights the significance of quasi-tax supports, VAT exemptions, and interest subsidies in encouraging investments. The employment and income tax withholding supports, especially in the 6th region, are recognized for their contribution to reducing unemployment. The study concludes by underscoring the need for continuous evaluation and adaptation of incentive schemes to address evolving economic challenges.
Analisis Proses Inovasi pada Produk Belikopi
Authors: Sikki Nurhaeni , Cantika Ine
Published: March 2024

Inovasi bisnis sangat penting bagi bisnis untuk berkembang dan bertahan dalam era persaingan yang ketat. Seperti halnya bisnis kedai kopi, yang saat ini mengalami peningkatan yang baik karena semakin banyaknya penggemar kopi di kota Bandung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi inovasi apa yang telah dilakukan Belikopi dengan produknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yang melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Alat utama penelitian kualitatif adalah subjeknya. Namun, penelitian ini berfokus pada belikopi bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Belikopi telah melakukan inovasi pada produknya dengan mengeluarkan seri Nusantara, yang merupakan minuman berciri khas Nusantara Jawa Barat. Varian yang dikeluarkan termasuk Bandrek, Bajigur, dan STMJ, dan selama proses inovasi, terdapat beberapa hal yang ditemukan, seperti hambatan, cara produk disampaikan kepada konsumen, evaluasi inovasi, dan perusahaan menggunakan promosi untuk memperkenalkan produk terbarunya kepada konsumen.
Lifting: Black Feminist Leadership in the Fight Against HIV/AIDS
Authors: McLane-Davison Denise
Published: March 2024

 This phenomenological study captured the unique perspectives and insight of how 10 black women experience and define leadership in their HIV/AIDS community work. Black feminist epistemology provided the framework for understanding how these women experienced leadership at the intersection of race/gender/power while working on behalf of marginalized and stigmatized community members. Salient themes that emerged from the analysis include leadership is situational and contextual, leadership is inclusive and collective, intent is more important than label, leadership is transformative, leadership is scrutinized, and power is centered in mothering relationships. Their leadership builds on the efforts of the liberation and racial uplift work of the 19th-century Black Women’s Club Movement and emerged as black feminist leadership to address the contemporary social injustice of HIV/AIDS 
Methodology Matters: Designing a Pilot Study Guided by Indigenous Epistemologies
Authors: Juutilainen Sandra , Jeffrey Melanie , Stewart Suzanne
Published: March 2024

Indigenous individuals and communities have experienced historic and ongoing negative interactions with Western health care and biomedical research. To rebuild trust and mitigate power structures between researchers and Indigenous peoples, researchers can adopt Indigenous epistemologies in methodologies, such as nonhierarchical approaches to relationship. This article shares models developed to bridge Indigenous epistemologies with Western qualitative and quantitative research methods and demonstrates how these epistemologies can be used to guide the authors' development of a pilot study on traumatic spinal cord injury.
Haudenosaunee Women as Mothers of the Nation: Resilience in the Wake of Indian Residential School Legacies
Authors: Juutilainen Sandra
Published: March 2024

This case study illustrates Haudenosaunee women's individual and collective strengths as 'mothers of the nation' in the wake of Indian residential school legacies. While most studies focus on at risk populations in research about the effects of Indian residential school, this case study privileges the Haudenosaunee concept of 'mothers of the nation' as a manifestation of resilience which is fundamental to building a self-determined identity. Insights were gathered from the narrative data of open ended questions from 13 structured interviews of Haudenosaunee women from Six Nations of the Grand River, Canada, who had a family member attend an Indian residential school. The women discussed their lived experiences of the intergenerational impacts to their health and wellbeing of having a family member attend an Indian residential school; and, their self-determined responses to healing for themselves and their community, which retells the fact 'despite all the harms done to us …we are still here', The concept of 'mothering' within a Haudenosaunee perspective does not have the same meaning as it does in other cultural contexts. Although one understanding of mothering is related to the literal meaning of biological reproduction, mothering also encompasses other roles, such as caring for all the children of one's clan, caring for the earth, and sharing responsibilities for the wellbeing of the community (Sunseri, 2011, p 72), Individual and collective resiliencies nurtured by these mothers of the nation included: language and cultural renewal, overcoming abusive relationships, self-reflection and ongoing healing, ending the cycle of abuse with their own children, reflecting on the healing interactions between their own children and grandparents (former attendees of Indian residential school) , choosing careers in the 'helping' professions or professions that were influential to their own personal healing, or assuming leadership positions within the community, and expressing concern to help community members break the cycle of dependency. 
Presenting problems among treatment-seeking gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth
Authors: Hart Trevor , Heimberg Richard G.
Published: March 2024

Gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth are at risk for a variety of clinical problems amenable to psychotherapeutic intervention. However, many psychotherapists may be unaware of the difficulties faced by this population. The purpose of this article is to familiarize therapists with presenting complaints common to psychotherapy-seeking gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Some of these problems include homophobia among family, peers, and authority figures (often expressed at school or at work), depression, suicidality, social anxiety, and body image disturbance. We illustrate these important issues via four case examples.
Impact of hepatitis B and C co-infection on health-related quality of life in HIV positive individuals
Authors: Gillis Jennifer , Cooper Curtis , Rourke Sean , Rueda Sergio , O’Brien Kelly , Collins Evan , Rachlis Anita , Hart Trevor , Raboud Janet , Group OHTN Cohort Study
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Concurrent infection with HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) often occurs due to the commonality in risk factors for acquisition. Few studies have examined the effect of co-infection on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in HIV positive individuals.

Methods: Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study (OCS) participants who completed an annual interviewer-administered questionnaire on up to three occasions were included. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to assess the impact of HBV and HCV co-infection on physical and mental HRQOL component summary scores (range 0-100) as measured by the Medical Outcomes SF-36 health survey.

Results: As of March 2010, 1,223 participants had completed the questionnaire; 964 were HIV mono-infected, 128 were HIV-HBV co-infected, 112 were HIV-HCV co-infected, and 19 were HIV-HBV-HCV tri-infected. Eighty percent were male, median age 46 (IQR 40-53) years, 61% Caucasian, median CD4 count 464 (IQR 319-636) cells/mm(3), and 74% had undetectable HIV viremia. Physical HRQOL was lower in HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV co-infected individuals (49.4 (IQR 42.0-53.9) and 48.1 (IQR 36.9-52.8) vs. 51.5 (IQR 45.0-55.4); p = 0.01 and <0.0001) compared to mono-infected individuals. In the multivariable GEE model, the negative impact of HCV remained significant (-2.18; p = 0.01) after adjusting for drug use, smoking, age, and gender. Unadjusted mental HRQOL was lower in HIV-HCV co-infected individuals (44.6 (IQR 34.6-54.0) vs. 48.9 (IQR 36.8-55.9); p = 0.03) compared to mono-infected individuals but no association of mental HRQOL with either co-infection was observed in multivariable GEE models.

Conclusions: HCV appears to negatively impact physical HRQOL suggesting a greater health burden for co-infected individuals. HBV and HCV co-infections were not related to lower mental HRQOL among people living with HIV/AIDS.
Cumulative childhood maltreatment and depression among incarcerated youth: impulsivity and hopelessness as potential intervening variables
Authors: Wanklyn Sonya G. , Day David M. , Hart Trevor , Girard Todd
Published: March 2024

Youth involved in the juvenile justice system are at high risk for mental health problems, particularly depression. Furthermore, these youth often present with a history of childhood maltreatment. Despite research consistently demonstrating a link between childhood maltreatment and depression, our understanding of intervening factors of this relationship remains limited. This study examined impulsivity, hopelessness, and substance use as potential explanatory variables in the relationship between cumulative childhood maltreatment and depression severity among 110 incarcerated youth. The data were analyzed using path analysis. As hypothesized, cumulative maltreatment maintained a strong direct relation with depression severity in the context of the additional variables in the final model. Cumulative maltreatment also had an indirect relation with depression severity through both impulsivity and hopelessness. Contrary to expectation, substance use was not an explanatory variable in the model. These findings suggest that impulsivity and hopelessness might be important factors to consider in future studies on the relation between childhood maltreatment and depression symptoms among incarcerated youth.
International Collaborations and Multidisciplinary Approaches in High-Quality Behavioral Medicine Research: a Comment on O'Leary et al
Authors: Hart Trevor
Published: March 2024

[para. 1]: "O'Leary et al. present important data regarding mediators and moderators of “Let us protect our future,” an intervention that was found to reduce self-reported intercourse and unprotected intercourse over a 12-month period among South African adolescents. This paper provides an important contribution to the literature on three major fronts. First, it examines HIV prevention variables in a high-HIV-prevalence area among youth who are beginning their sexual debut, and it examines both mediators and moderators in the same paper. Few papers do this, and even fewer in the HIV prevention literature. Too often, the focus in the literature is on outcomes, without sufficient data to support the theory on which an intervention is built."
The Relationship Between Intercourse Preference Positions and Personality Traits Among Gay Men in China
Authors: Zheng Lijun , Hart Trevor , Zheng Yong
Published: March 2024

Distinctions are commonly made regarding preferences for insertive or receptive anal intercourse within the gay male community. Three sexual self-labels are typically specified: “top,” meaning a man who prefers the insertive position, “bottom,” meaning a man who prefers the receptive position, and “versatile,” meaning a man willing to perform either position. The aim of this study was to examine personality differences among these three groups in gay men in China. We sampled 220 Internet-obtained Chinese gay men on instrumentality, expressiveness, gender-related interests, self-ascribed masculinity- femininity (Self-MF), and Big Five personality traits. Significant differences were found among sexual self-label groups in sexual behavior and in gendered traits and interests. Tops scored higher than the bottoms on instrumentality, gender-related interests, and self-ascribed masculinity-femininity (Self-MF) and bottoms scored higher than tops on expressiveness. Versatiles’ scores in gender-related traits were intermediate between that of tops and bottoms. There were no significant differences in Big Five traits among the three groups. Sexual self-labels appear not only to distinguish sexual behavior patterns but may also suggest gender role differences among Chinese gay men.

 
Past dynamics of HIV transmission among men who have sex with men in Montreal, Canada: a mathematical modeling study
Authors: Milwid Rachael M. , Xia Yiqing , Doyle Carla M. , Cox Joseph , Lambert Gilles , Thomas Réjean , Mishra Sharmistha , Grace Daniel , Lachowsky Nathan J. , Hart Trevor , Boily Marie-Claude , Maheu-Giroux Mathieu
Published: March 2024

 

Background: Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) experience disproportionate risks of HIV acquisition and transmission. In 2017, Montréal became the first Canadian Fast-Track City, setting the 2030 goal of zero new HIV infections. To inform local elimination efforts, we estimate the evolving role of prevention and sexual behaviours on HIV transmission dynamics among gbMSM in Montréal between 1975 and 2019.

Methods: Data from local bio-behavioural surveys were analyzed to develop, parameterize, and calibrate an agent-based model of sexual HIV transmission. Partnership dynamics, HIV's natural history, and treatment and prevention strategies were considered. The model simulations were analyzed to estimate the fraction of HIV acquisitions and transmissions attributable to specific groups, with a focus on age, sexual partnering level, and gaps in the HIV care-continuum.

Results: The model-estimated HIV incidence peaked in 1985 (2.3 per 100 person years (PY); 90% CrI: 1.4-2.9 per 100 PY) and decreased to 0.1 per 100 PY (90% CrI: 0.04-0.3 per 100 PY) in 2019. Between 2000-2017, the majority of HIV acquisitions and transmissions occurred among men aged 25-44 years, and men aged 35-44 thereafter. The unmet prevention needs of men with > 10 annual anal sex partners contributed 90-93% of transmissions and 67-73% of acquisitions annually. The primary stage of HIV played an increasing role over time, contributing to 11-22% of annual transmissions over 2000-2019. In 2019, approximately 70% of transmission events occurred from men who had discontinued, or never initiated antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusions: The evolving HIV landscape has contributed to the declining HIV incidence among gbMSM in Montréal. The shifting dynamics identified in this study highlight the need for continued population-level surveillance to identify gaps in the HIV care continuum and core groups on which to prioritize elimination efforts.
High HIV risk and syndemic burden regardless of referral source among MSM screening for a PrEP demonstration project in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Wilton James , Noor Syed W. , Schnubb Alexandre , Lawless James , Hart Trevor , Grennan Troy , Fowler Shawn , Maxwell John , H. S. Tan Darrell
Published: March 2024

Background: To maximize public health impact and cost-effectiveness, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) must reach individuals at high HIV risk. Referrals for PrEP can be self- or provider-initiated, but there are several challenges to both. We assessed whether HIV risk differed by referral source among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex (gbMSM) screening for an HIV PrEP demonstration project.

Methods: PREPARATORY-5 was an open-label PrEP demonstration project enrolling gbMSM at high risk of HIV acquisition in Toronto, Canada. Study eligibility criteria related to high risk was defined as scoring ≥10 on the HIV Incidence Risk Index for MSM (HIRI-MSM) and engaging in at least 1 act of condomless receptive anal sex within the past 6 months. Recruitment was promoted through self-referrals (ads in a sexual networking app and gay newspaper/website) and provider-referrals (10 community-based organizations, CBOs). HIV risk score (HIRI-MSM) and syndemic health burden were measured among gbMSM screened for study participation and compared according to referral source.

Results: Between October 16 and December 30, 2014, online ads generated 1518 click-throughs and CBOs referred 115 individuals. Overall, 165 men inquired about the trial, of which 86 underwent screening. The majority of screened men were self-referrals (60.5%), scored ≥10 on HIRI-MSM (96.5%), and reported condomless receptive anal sex in the past 6 months (74.2%). Self- and provider-referrals had similarly high HIV risk profiles, with a median (IQR) HIRI-MSM score of 26.0 (19.0-32.5) and 28.5 (20.0-34.0) (p = 0.3), and 75.0% and 73.5% reporting condomless receptive anal sex (p = 0.9), respectively. The overall burden of syndemic health problems was also high, with approximately one-third overall identified as having depressive symptoms (39.5%), alcohol-related problems (39.5%), multiple drug use (31.4%), or sexual compulsivity (31.4%). There were no significant differences in syndemic health problems by referral source.

Conclusions: HIV risk and syndemic burden were high among gbMSM presenting for this PrEP demonstration project regardless of referral source. Self-referral may be a useful and efficient strategy for identifying individuals suitable for PrEP use. Online strategies and CBOs working in gay men's health may play important roles in connecting individuals at high HIV risk to PrEP services.
‘I was just doing what a normal gay man would do, right?’: The biopolitics of substance use and the mental health of sexual minority men
Authors: Gaspar Mark , Marshall Zack , Adam Barry D. , Brennan David
J. , Cox Joseph , Lachowsky Nathan , Lambert Gilles , Moore David , Hart Trevor , Grace Daniel
Published: March 2024

 

Drawing on 24 interviews conducted with gay, bisexual, queer and other men who have sex with men (GBM) living in Toronto, Canada, we examined how they are making sense of the relationship between their mental health and substance use. We draw from the literature on the biopolitics of substance use to document how GBM self-regulate and use alcohol and other drugs (AODC) as technologies of the self. Despite cultural understandings of substance use as integral to GBM communities and subjectivity, GBM can be ambivalent about their AODC. Participants discussed taking substances positively as a therapeutic mental health aid and negatively as being corrosive to their mental wellbeing. A fine line was communicated between substance use being self-productive or self-destructive. Some discussed having made ‘problematic’ or ‘unhealthy’ drug-taking decisions, while others presented themselves as self-controlled, responsible neoliberal actors doing ‘what a normal gay man would do’. This ambivalence is related to the polarizing binary community and scientific discourses on substances (i.e. addiction/healthy use, irrational/rational, uncontrolled/controlled). Our findings add to the critical drug literature by demonstrating how reifying and/or dismantling the coherency of such substance use binaries can serve as a biopolitical site for some GBM to construct their identities and demonstrate healthy, ‘responsible’ subjectivity.

 
Human Health and Well-Being
Authors: Rautio Arja , Young Kue , Emelyanova Anastasia , Juutilainen Sandra , Sunnari Vappu
Published: March 2024

Several international organizations promote health and well-being across Arctic countries and regions. A variety of monitoring programs and research networks collect and share a variety of health data. In recent years, Arctic health research is increasingly focusing on the health and well-being of Indigenous peoples of the North. This priority recognizes the major changes experienced by Indigenous peoples in terms of their living conditions. Indigenous people in some regions continue to suffer poorer health status compared to the majority populations of the Arctic nations and redressing such disparities requires the attention of policy makers and health service agencies. The increasing interest in the development of the Arctic has resulted in several initiatives, such as the Arctic Social Indicators project (ASI, 2010; ASI, 2014) and the first Arctic Human Development Report (AHDR, 2004). 
APECS Nordic Workshop: connecting early career researchers and community driven research in the north
Authors: Juutilainen Sandra
Published: March 2024

[para. 1]: "The Association of Polar Early Career Scientists’ (APECS) Nordic Workshop was an opportunity for early-career researchers, students and Indigenous people to meet and discuss the challenges and opportunities of collaborative efforts. Increasing attention is being paid to collaborations and relationships between Indigenous people and academic researchers internationally; so, it was timely for such a workshop to be organised."
Migrant families with children in Montreal, Canada and transnational family support: a protocol for a focused ethnography
Authors: Merry Lisa , Hanley Jill , Ruiz-Casares Monica , Archambault Isabelle , Mogere Dominic
Published: March 2024

Introduction

There is a gap in research regarding transnational family support (emotional, practical, spiritual, informational and financial) as a resource for migrant families with children. From the perspective of migrant families and their family back home, the objectives of this study are to (1) identify the types and ways that transnational family support is provided to migrant families in Canada; (2) assess for patterns in the data that may suggest variations in the nature of this support (eg, by migration status, time in Canada, children’s ages, family circumstances) and over time and (3) explore the impact (positive and negative) in receiving and providing transnational support, respectively.

Methods and analysis

A focused ethnography is planned. We will recruit 25–35 migrant families with children with different migration histories (eg, economic or forced migration from a mix of countries) and family circumstances (eg, single parenthood, families living with extended family, families with children in the home country) living in Montreal, Canada. Families will be recruited through community organisations. Data will be gathered via semistructured interviews. To capture the perspective of those providing support, family members in the home country for each migrant family will also be recruited and interviewed through communication technology (eg, WhatsApp). Data collection will also involve observation of ‘transnational interactions’ between family members in Montreal and those back home. Data will be thematically analysed and results reported in a narrative form with an in-depth description of each theme.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the sciences and health research ethics committee at the University of Montreal. Study results will be shared through traditional forums (publication, conference presentations) and via other knowledge dissemination/exchange activities (eg, ‘lunch and learn conferences’ and seminars) through the research team’s research centres and networks to reach front-line care-providers who interface directly with migrant families.
Protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial evaluating a parenting with home visitation programme to prevent physical and emotional abuse of children in Indonesia: the Families First Programme
Authors: Ruiz-Casares Monica , Lilley Sarah , Thombs Brett D. , Platt Robert William , Scott Susan , Isdijoso Widjajanti , Hermanus Emmy , Andrina Michelle , Mayo Nancy
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Every year, up to 1 billion children are victims of violence worldwide. Most child abuse takes place in the context of punishment. The Families First Programme, an adaptation of the Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting Programme to the West Java context, is a parenting support programme anchored on children’s rights that gives parents guidance on child development, parenting and positive discipline practices. This trial will evaluate the effectiveness of the Families First Programme compared with a waitlist control group.

Methods and analysis

This is a pragmatic, parallel-group, stratified, cluster-randomised controlled trial. Twenty rural and urban villages in the Cianjur District, Indonesia, involving 720 caregivers of children up to 7 years of age, will be randomised. Villages will receive either a parenting programme consisting of 10 group sessions and four home visits over 3 months and standard community health and social services or just the latter. After completion of the trial period, the programme will be offered to those in the delayed group. Outcome data will be collected before randomisation (baseline), immediately postintervention (3 months postrandomisation) and 6 months later (9 months postrandomisation). The primary outcome will be frequency of physical and emotional punishment as measured by a weighted sum from three self-report items. Primary outcome analysis will use Poisson regression with generalised estimating equations and assess the interaction between intervention and time over baseline and 3 and 9 months postrandomisation assessments. Concurrent process evaluation will be conducted to assess programme satisfaction and facilitators and barriers to the implementation of the programme generalisable to other settings.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval was obtained from McGill University and Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences and events for decision-makers, including in the participating communities.
Knowledge of Healthcare Coverage for Refugee Claimants: Results from a Survey of Health Service Providers in Montreal
Authors: Ruiz-Casares Monica , Cleveland Janet , Oulhote Youssef , Dunkley-Hickin Catherine , Rousseau Cécile
Published: March 2024

Following changes to the Interim Federal Health (IFH) program in Canada in 2012, this study investigates health service providers’ knowledge of the healthcare coverage for refugee claimants living in Quebec. An online questionnaire was completed by 1,772 staff and physicians from five hospitals and two primary care centres in Montreal. Low levels of knowledge and significant associations between knowledge and occupational group, age, and contact with refugees were documented. Social workers, respondents aged 40–49 years, and those who reported previous contact with refugee claimants seeking healthcare were significantly more likely to have 2 or more correct responses. Rapid and multiple changes to the complex IFH policy have generated a high level of confusion among healthcare providers. Simplification of the system and a knowledge transfer strategy aimed at improving healthcare delivery for IFH patients are urgently needed, proposing easy avenues to access rapidly updated information and emphasizing ethical and clinical issues.
Participation of Children and Youth in Mental Health Policymaking: A Scoping Review [Part I]
Authors: Yamaguchi Sakiko , Bentayeb Naïma , Holtom Alexandra , Molnar Paula , Constantinescu Teodora , Tisdall E Kay M , Tuong Josie , Iyer Srividya N. , Ruiz-Casares Monica
Published: March 2024

Although youth participation is oft-acknowledged as underpinning mental health policy and service reform, little robust evidence exists about the participation of children and youth in mental health policymaking. A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s framework was conducted to identify and synthesize available information on children and youth’s participation in mental health policymaking. Published studies up to November 30, 2020 were searched in Medline (OVID), PsycINFO (OVID), Scopus, and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (PROQUEST). Further studies were identified through Google Scholar and a grey literature search was conducted using Google and targeted web searches from October to December, 2020. Three reviewers performed screening and data extraction relevant to the review objective, followed by an online consultation. From 2,981 records, 25 publications were included. A lack of diversity among the youth involved was found. Youth were often involved in situational analysis and policy design, but seldom in policy implementation and evaluation. Both the facilitators of and barriers to participation were multifaceted and interconnected. Despite a range of expected outcomes of participation for youth, adults, organizations, and communities, perceived and actual effects were neither substantially explored nor reported. Our recommendations for mental health policymaking highlight the inclusion of children and youth from diverse groups, and the creation of relational spaces that ensure safety, inclusiveness, and diversity. Identified future research directions are: the outcomes of youth participation in mental health policymaking, the role of adults, and more generally, how the mental health of children and youth shapes and is shaped by the policymaking process.
"Youth as accessories": Stakeholder Perspectives on Youth Participation in Mental Health Policymaking [Part II]
Authors: Yamaguchi Sakiko , Tuong Josie , Tisdall E Kay M , Bentayeb Naïma , Holtom Alexandra , Iyer Srividya N. , Ruiz-Casares Monica
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To elicit stakeholder perspectives on the findings from our scoping review on youth participation in mental health policymaking, we conducted a global consultation with young people and adults directly involved in mental health policymaking.

Method: Forty-four stakeholders from 16 countries, including 15 young people, 9 policymakers and 20 facilitators of youth participation, took part in individual interviews and/or focus groups. They were asked about how the review findings contrasted with their own experiences in mental health policymaking. The transcribed data were thematically analyzed.

Results: All participants viewed lived experience as valuable in identifying policy gaps. Youth pointed out that children and youth with disabilities, diverse sexual orientations, and/or gender identities were often excluded, and spoke about feelings of being an "accessory", illustrating a lack of power-sharing in a tokenized policymaking process. Adult participants' accounts highlighted the challenges inherent in policymaking such as the need for political knowledge and institutional time constraints. A range of cultural, socio-economic, and political barriers to youth participation, that were often context-specific, were identified.

Conclusions: The diverse perspectives of stakeholders extended the review results. Based on our findings, we recommend that adults and institutions: (1) recognize lived experience as expertise in shaping mental health policies; (2) include diverse groups; (3) reduce tokenistic relationships through the creation of safer spaces, adult feedback, co-production, and social accountability; and (4) adopt an intersectional approach to address cultural, socio-economic, and political barriers to participation. Methodologically, our work demonstrates why stakeholder consultations are an essential component of scoping reviews.
‘Supervising children to be good people’: Parents and children's views of child supervision in Laos
Authors: Ruiz-Casares Monica , Phommavong Saithong , Park Sol , Douangphachanh Maliphone
Published: March 2024

Researchers have paid little attention to child supervision in Laos, an ethnically-diverse country with a community-informal child protection system, and where many young children are regularly home alone or with another child. To explore what constitutes (in)adequate child supervision and its perceived effects, we conducted individual interviews with community leaders and professionals (n = 23) and focus group discussions with parents/adult caregivers (n = 74) and 12–17 year-old children (n = 51) in six rural villages in Saravane and Borikhamxay provinces. Adults and children in both provinces described similar understandings and support systems of child supervision. Mothers are the main caregivers of young children, and literate fathers contribute to supervising school-age children. Grandparents, older siblings and other relatives, teachers, and village authorities contribute substantively to child supervision. The main aims of supervision are child safety, socialization and moral development in cultural context. Parental unavailability due to employment, farming and migration; limited infrastructure; and lack of material resources are the main barriers to adequate supervision and may result in injuries, school dropout, teenage pregnancy and illicit drug use. Understanding the determinants, consequences, and patterns of child supervision across cultural and socio-economic groups is needed to inform culturally acceptable strategies to support children and families.

 