bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teoria dos ciclos políticos e indicadores macroeconômicos: um estudo sobre os estados brasileiros
Authors:   , Regis Salvio Delmas
Published: December 2024

A literatura associada à teoria dos ciclos políticos assinala para a existência de
manipulação de gastos em períodos eleitorais, sobretudo quanto às despesas públicas
que têm maior capacidade de melhorar a imagem do governante e com isso exercer
influência positiva sobre o seu desempenho eleitoral. Sustentado por esta constatação,
este estudo tem por objetivo analisar se os ciclos políticos afetam os indicadores
macroeconômicos nos estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal, no período que
compreende os anos de 2005 a 2016, compreendendo três ciclos eleitorais. Em relação
ao tempo, a pesquisa analisará e confrontará dados do período que compreende os anos
de 2005 a 2016. As análises tiveram por objeto, indicadores macroeconômicos que
contribuem para a compreensão do mercado e para a composição do Produto Interno
Bruto (PIB), como é o caso da receita bruta das empresas, das remunerações pagas aos
trabalhadores e do número absoluto de trabalhadores ocupados, de modo a verificar
como os anos eleitorais e o primeiro mandato afetaram tais indicadores nos estados e no
Distrito Federal. Além disso, analisou-se também o comportamento dos indicadores no
caso dos estados em que os filiados ao mesmo partido político do Presidente da
República estão tentando a eleição para governador. Os dados coletados foram tratados
por meio da regressão com dados em painel, para tanto os indicadores
macroeconômicos serviram de variáveis dependentes e as variáveis independentes de
interesse foram apresentadas sob a forma de dummies que indicam se o ano é eleitoral,
se os governantes estão exercendo o primeiro mandato ou se os governantes estão em
primeiro mandato e o ano é eleitoral. Os achados da pesquisa apontam que a
coincidência partidária entre governadores e Presidente da República aumenta a
probabilidade de reeleição, o que sugere a ocorrência de ciclos políticos. Acerca das
outras variáveis, porém, foi possível constatar que os ciclos políticos não afetam, em
níveis de significância estatística, os indicadores macroeconômicos pesquisados dos
estados e do Distrito Federal.
Plano de gerenciamento de riscos: um estudo sobre o setor de obras da ufersa
Authors:   , Bezerra Diego Henrique Bandeira
Published: December 2024

O tema risco, nas diversas áreas, vem se tornando recorrente, ganhando destaque na mídia, principalmente, quando ocorrem casos de tragédias, acidentes ou perda de recursos financeiros. Esses fatos geram questionamentos sobre a realização de ações preventivas para minimização de seus impactos. No ambiente corporativo, também se deve adotar medidas para garantir o cumprimento dos objetivos institucionais. Nesse sentido, a Instrução Normativa MP/CGU nº 01/2016 trouxe algumas inovações para o ambiente administrativo das instituições públicas do Poder Executivo Federal, sendo, a principal delas, a utilização da gestão de riscos nos seus processos diários. No entanto, existe uma problemática de como inserir essas mudanças no ambiente administrativo. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo propor um modelo de plano de gerenciamento de riscos nos procedimentos de planejamento de obras na UFERSA. A pesquisa utilizou o método qualitativo, a estratégia do estudo de caso e de técnicas de pesquisa documental, de observação e de entrevista. Foram realizadas entrevistas não padronizadas e não dirigidas e aplicou-se o modelo de implementação da gestão de riscos proposto pelo COSO ERM. Ao se analisar os dados, verificou-se que os contratos de obras da instituição do período de 2013 a 2018 sofreram diversas alterações de valores sem que houvessem ações previstas para mitigar esses tipos de acontecimentos, além de ser constatado que a Política Gestão de Riscos da UFERSA não atende por completo o que estabelece a IN 01/2016. Diante disso, realizou-se uma proposta de intervenção, com a proposição de alterações no processo de planejamento de obras da instituição a partir da metodologia do COSO ERM. Este trabalho auxiliará no processo de implementação da gestão de riscos da UFERSA e contribuirá para a melhoria do processo de planejamento de obras da instituição.
Análise do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos recicláveis no Campus do PICI da Universidade Federal do Ceará / Erandi Canafístula Araujo
Authors:   , Araújo Erandi Canafístula
Published: December 2024

A legislação brasileira aborda a responsabilidade de atuação do poder público no combate aos principais problemas ambientais decorrentes do manejo inadequado dos resíduos sólidos. Determina também que a separação dos resíduos recicláveis descartados pelos órgãos e entidades da administração pública deve ser feita na fonte geradora e sua destinação às associações e cooperativas dos catadores de materiais recicláveis. Diante desse cenário, emerge-a seguinte questão: como a universidade lida com os resíduos recicláveis tendo em vista a sustentabilidade ambiental? A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como ocorre o gerenciamento de tais resíduos no Campus do Pici da Universidade Federal do Ceará sob o aspecto sustentável. Especificamente, propõe identificar os principais resíduos recicláveis gerados no referido Campus; realizar um diagnóstico de manuseio, segregação, coleta, armazenamento, transporte e destino final dos resíduos recicláveis; determinar os principais impactos ambientais dos resíduos recicláveis gerados no Campus do Pici; identificar práticas sustentáveis já existentes e propor diretrizes de gestão ambiental relacionadas aos resíduos recicláveis. Trata-se, quanto à abordagem, de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com a utilização de técnicas como entrevista, observação direta, pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Como resultados, foram identificados os principais resíduos recicláveis gerados no Campus, com destaque para o papel branco, principal resíduo produzido. Também foi realizado um diagnóstico de manuseio, segregação, coleta, armazenamento, transporte e destino final dos resíduos recicláveis. Determinaram-se também os principais impactos ambientais dos resíduos recicláveis gerados no Campus do Pici, como a doação do material reciclável às associações e cooperativas de catadores. Foram identificadas também as práticas sustentáveis já existentes na universidade, entre elas: presença de departamento para gestão ambiental interna e construções e reformas na instituição seguindo padrões sustentáveis. Além disso, foram propostas diretrizes no sentido de promover a melhoria da gestão ambiental na temática relacionada aos resíduos recicláveis, como: promover a inclusão de demais áreas da universidade na coleta de materiais recicláveis e aumento de programas de conscientização junto à comunidade acadêmica no que diz respeito ao consumo consciente e preocupação com o meio ambiente e saúde pública.
Parque Ecológico de Maracajá: aves e mamíferos de médio e grande porte de uma área protegida na fragmentada Mata Atlântica das planícies do sul de Santa Catarina
Authors: Gava-Just João Paulo , Claudino Bitencourt Vanessa
Published: December 2024

O Parque Ecológico de Maracajá (PEM), localizado na planície sul de Santa Catarina (SC), é uma área protegida ainda carente de estudos faunísticos, mesmo para grupos carismáticos, como as aves e mamíferos terrestres de médio e grande porte. Este trabalho visou preencher uma lacuna de conhecimento em relação a esses dois grupos na mata atlântica regional. O inventário de aves e mamíferos do PEM utilizou a abordagem de múltiplos métodos de amostragem: observações de campo, armadilhas fotográficas, literatura científica e ciência cidadã. Foram elencadas espécies de aves e mamíferos terrestres prioritárias para a conservação e realizou se o monitoramento com base em parâmetros ecológicos. Registrou-se um total de 160 espécies de aves e 21 de mamíferos no PEM. Destas, 40 espécies de aves e 11 de mamíferos foram consideradas prioritárias, por serem dependentes de florestas e que prestam importantes serviços ambientais. Constatou-se que a fauna de aves e mamíferos do PEM é resultado de um processo de fragmentação e defaunação, com extinções de espécies dependentes de florestas conectadas e que são tidas como essenciais para a mata atlântica. Apesar disso, no contexto atual de fragmentação severa da planície sul de SC, o PEM desponta como áreachave para a conservação da biodiversidade.
TESTAGEM DE EFICÁCIA DE BIOMATERIAIS PARA FORMULAÇÃO DE PRODUTOS NO BIODESIGN
Authors: Geovanna Queiroz Silva  , Rafael Paulino Ferreira
Published: December 2024

O destaque das produções têxteis na atualidade vem se tornando um problema ambiental gravíssimo. Nesse cenário, surgem novos elementos para amenizar as crises ecológicas provocadas por essa indústria, sendo alguns deles: patchwork, materiais sintéticos (tecidos “rPet” e “couros”) e biomateriais como plásticos e têxteis de origem vegetal e animal. Nesse último caso, entretanto, a pesquisa sobre a qualidade e a efi cácia do material é escassa (principalmente em escala nacional e regional). Com foco no atual cenário, a presente pesquisa objetiva o levantamento de estudos relacionados a produção, testagem e experimentação de possibilidades de tecidos/couros, com base em descartes da borra de café. Como metodologia de design, o trabalho fundamenta-se no sistema proposto por Ambrose e Harris (2010), utilizando-se das etapas defi nir, pesquisar, idealizar, prototipar, selecionar, implementar e aprender, empregando assim todas as etapas do método do design thinking para a concepção da pesquisa visando a um produto biodegradável e de cunho sustentável. Como resultado, chegou-se a uma formulação que teve os melhores resultados esperados aplicados a um produto físico com a mistura-base de amido (60 g), água (60 mL), glicerina (5 mL), café (15 g), óleo de coco (5 mL) e ágar-ágar (15 g) assinalada no texto como produção (D). Concluiu-se efetivamente o estudo com um modelo-base de mistura para futuras experimentações e buscando melhorias do material.
A família portuguesa na comunidade de Santa Isabel e sua atuação na formação dos lusodescendentes (1960-1980)
Authors: Da Paz Lage Natalia
Published: December 2024

Por meio dos estudos de imigração histórica e de família, buscamos analisar a formação identitária de filhos e netos de imigrantes portugueses fundadores da comunidade de Santa Isabel, localizada na cidade de Petrópolis (RJ), com base nas interferências do núcleo familiar e do coletivo comunitário. A ideia é entender os limites da ação coletiva na formação individual dos luso-brasileiros da comunidade, assim como o papel desempenhado pelos valores culturais portugueses nesse processo. Utilizaremos os conceitos de lugares de geração, de Aleida Assmann, pós-memória, de Marianne Hirsch, e poder simbólico, de Pierre Bourdieu. No que tange à metodologia, privilegiamos a História oral, com 13 entrevistas realizadas, inserindo imigrantes e descendentes, nas quais também conseguimos captar as subjetividades dos entrevistados e seu olhar acerca do papel que ocupam na comunidade de Santa Isabel. Acreditamos, assim, ser possível destrinchar parte da complexidade presente na formação de comunidades étnicas e da identidade das famílias imigrantes que fizeram parte da construção social brasileira no século XX.
Metabolomics and Anticancer Potential of the Aerial Parts of Dryopteris ramosa against Cancerous Cell Lines Assisted with Advanced Computational Approaches
Authors: Said Khalil , Rauf Mamoona , Khan Sumera Afzal , Hussain Anwar , Alhegaili Alaa S. , Hussain Sajid , Ali Sajid , Hamayun Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Dryopteris ramosa is a high-altitude plant of moist and shady habitat. Its aerial parts
are edible and orally administered as an antibiotic and effective aphrodisiac. They are also used as pesticides,
astringents, and febrifuges.

Aim:

The present study aimed to elucidate the plant's medicinal potential as an anticancer agent. Extracts of
Dryopteris ramosa were examined for cytotoxic effects against AGS, A549, and HCT116 cell lines. The project
also aimed to evaluate the phytochemical constitutents of the plant. For this purpose, GC-ToF-MS analysis
was executed to identify the bioactive compounds in the aerial parts extract of Dryopteris ramosa. As a
result, 93 different phytochemicals were identified from the spectral properties of GC-ToF-MS which contain
19 compounds of high peaks having reported anti-inflammatory, Anti-diabetic, Antibacterial, Analgesic, and
antioxidant potential.

Methods:

Three different cell lines have been treated against Ethanol, Methanol, Ethyl acetate, Water, Chloroform,
Acetone, and n-hexane extracts from the aerial parts of Dryopteris ramosa. These cell lines were
checked and were ranked in lethality based on IC50 value. The extract samples were processed as serial dilution
from high concentrations (500 ug/ml). All the three cell lines were treated for 48 hours.

Results:

Extracts showed a significant effect in different cell lines (based on IC50 less than 200 ug/ml). Performing
the in vitro anticancer activity against the three different cell lines in Ethyl Acetate, Methanol,
n-hexane, Chloroform and Acetone extract of Dryopteris indicated that anticancer activity of the plant is high
against AGS and A549 cell line while less prominent in HTC116 cell lines through MTT Assay. In silico
drug-likeness and ADMET analysis were studied of the compounds, that exhibit considerable drug likenesses,
phytochemical medicinal chemistry, and a promising ADMET score and no toxicity. The candidate compounds
were chosen for further elucidation by Molecular Docking and dynamic simulations. Employing the
molecular docking approach for virtual screening of the phytochemicals it was found that the compounds
Germacrene showed remarkable results towards BCL2 with -7 Kcal/Mol and a-D-(+)-Xylopyranose showed
significant docking results towards 5P21 with -7.1 Kcal/Mol.

Conclusion:

For multi-scale frames structural aberrations and fluctuations identification of the docked complexes,
a molecular dynamics analysis was performed for a 100 ps simulation run by accessing the online tool
of MDweb simulations. These molecular docking and simulation analyses also revealed that both the phytochemicals
have a stable interaction with the cancer-related proteins BCL2 and 5P21.
Exploring the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Research:
Applications, Regulatory Concerns, Opportunities and Future Outlook- A
Mini Review
Authors: Ahuja Ashima , Murti Yogesh , Singh Sonia
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI), due to digitalization, has recently conquered the healthcare
disciplines. AI has substantially progressed in healthcare and medical research for preventive, predictive,
and personalized care. AI will continue to become the ultimate healthcare-effective tool for
serious ailments requiring the early detection of rebuttal. It is a fast-growing automated system based
on algorithms positioned to benefit patients, clinicians, researchers, and physicians involved in
treatment, prognosis, and preventive care in health. The primary focus of artificial intelligence is
technologically expedited solutions to complex challenges. AI's remarkable contribution to machine
learning has become a transforming opportunity in medical science. The optimized research, formulation,
and development in AI reduce the cost of medical therapy, provide extensive care, improve
patient compliance, and promote personalized medicine. The articles were cited from SCI-hub,
PUBMED, Scopus, and Google Scholar. AI is assisted with autonomous disease assessing and
screening tools that can save time for clinicians and help in the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy,
cancer detection, and chromosomal disorders to solve complex hurdles. The automated image
quality improvement tool makes AI an effective medium for targeting highly complex drug molecules
and specific sensors to target organs. Furthermore, the masses have utilized their application in
medical devices, pharmaceutical technology, dosage form designing, medical research, and regulatory
frameworks to explore the medical era of AI in the healthcare field. However, the integration of
AI in medical practice is in the early stages and needs further research to fit an AI model-based approach
in clinical settings. AI limitations in health and medical research arise from biases related to
gender variation, ethical concerns, complex algorithms, regulatory, cyber security, model evaluation,
and problems faced by policymakers. Certain vulnerability factors that can cause health record data
breaches and ethical concerns present challenges in healthcare settings due to result failure. Therefore,
solutions to overcome these challenges are essential to set the future of AI in clinical research.
All such concerns and their solutions must be successfully deployed from research to clinical settings
to adopt transformative AI models in medical science. This will help scientists and researchers explore
lead molecules and identify newer therapeutic targets. It is crucial to implement measures to
control and frame policy guidelines, conduct continuous checks on cybersecurity, solve ethical issues,
and consider the possibility of AI adoption in pharmaceutical industries, banking, research
areas, hospitals, administration, and clinical practice.
Anti-VSMC Vegetation Activities of New Aurone Various Synthetic Methods and Biological Potentials Potentials of Aurone Analogs
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Verma Shivani , Jakhmola Vikash
Published: December 2024

The aurone derivatives are a subfamily of flavonoids. Aurones can be easily broken
down into two major parts, a benzofuranone and an exocyclic arylidene, often made from an aldehyde,
despite having the normal 15-carbon structure. However, aurone derivatives have recently
received considerable attention due to their diverse biological effects. These derivatives are
synthesized by different chemical methods and exhibit different types of biological actions such
as antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial, anticancer, antiplasmodial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, and other beneficial biological activities. Furoaurone (a semi-synthetic compound),
also known as benzofuran-3(2H)-one, is made from naturally occurring furanochromones collected
from Ammivisnaga fruits. In this review, we study the numerous synthetic techniques for aurone
and furanone derivatives and various biological functions.
The First Report on Opportunistic Human Pathogenic Bacteria Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolated from Brahmina coriacea (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) in the North-Western Himalayas
Authors: Mahala Suresh Kumar , Ramappa Karthik , Chandel RS , Verma KS , Walia Abhishek
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Staphylococcus haemolyticus is an opportunistic human pathogenic bacterium
that constitutes the major part of human skin microflora. This bacterium has shown resistance
to most antibiotics. Moreover, it spreads widely in hospitals and causes various infections in
human beings. This bacterium has been reported in infected humans, animals, and some insects;
however, this is the first report on Staphylococcus haemolyticus being found in scarabaeids in the
world. The gut microbiota of white grubs helps in the digestion and assimilation of food, such as
cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin degradation by producing various enzymes.

Aims:

This study aimed to isolate and identify the cellulose-degrading bacteria from the gut of the
most notorious polyphagous white grub, B. coriacea and estimated their cellulolytic index for utilization
in future studies for decomposing of organic matter and in biofuel production in industries.

Methods:

In this study, we isolated 11 cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of Brahmina coriacea
(Hope) grubs, which were collected from different locations in the north-western Himalayas.

Results:

S. haemolyticus was only reported from the grubs of Nauni, Solan region of Himachal
Pradesh, India, and identified by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. S. haemolyticus was
able to degrade the cellulose in Carboxy Methyl cellulose (CMC) media.

Conclusion:

This bacterium can be used in industries, such as the management of agro-waste,
pulp and paper, and biofuel production.
Analysis of Erosion and Land Conservation Based on Geographic Information System in Way Sekampung Subwatershed
Authors: Azzahra Arrum , Andawayanti Ussy , Asmaranto Runi
Published: December 2024

Way Sekampung subwatershed is the watershed area of Way Sekampung dam. The changes in land use that occurred in the Way Sekampung subwatershed caused flooding and landslides. To reduce existing problems, vegetative and mechanical land conservation efforts are needed. In this study, the USLE method was used to estimate the rate of erosion and then map the distribution of the Erosion Hazard Index in the Way Sekampung Subwatershed with the help of Geographic Information System (GIS). Based on existing conditions, the erosion rate in 2017 was 29626.262 tons/ha/year; in 2022, the erosion rate was 76617.579 tons/ha/year. The results of the analysis of the Erosion Hazard Index in 2017 and 2022 showed four criteria, namely low with a difference of -1.115%, moderate with an increase of 1.140%, high with a difference of -0.097%, and very high with a difference of 0.071%. Conservation with new land use, construction of terraces, and check dams has resulted in a reduction in erosion in the Way Sekampung Subwatershed with an Erosion Hazard Index, which is a low index increase of 26.992% from the existing condition and a very high 22.819% reduction from the existing condition. These results show that land conservation can reduce erosion in the Way Sekampung Subwatershed.
Optimizing Genome Editing for Wheat Genetic Improvement: Current Status and Future Prospective
Authors: Namo Fekede Meshesha
Published: December 2024

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is the main source of nutrition and feeds more than 30% of the world’s population. It is grown in various environments, providing most humans with around 20% of their calories and protein. Genome editing holds countless promise to accelerate the development of improved crop varieties including wheat via providing powerful tools to modify the genomic regions that controlling major agronomic traits. CRISPR/Cas9 system is an effective method for targeted genome editing. CRISPR/Cas9 allows researchers to target multiple homoeoalleles simultaneously and it enables the production of targeted mutations in all copies of a gene.

The CRISPR-Cas and associated technologies derived from the naturally occurring prokaryotic CRISPR immune system and it has been used to target multiple homoeoalleles simultaneously and accelerate progress in functional genomics and molecular breeding in wheat. CRISPR/Cas9 is widely used to improve agricultural traits by knocking out unwanted genes or genes conferring undesirable phenotypes. Targeted knockout wheat with foreign DNA is generated in the T0 generation. Ultimately, the foreign DNA can be segregated by selfing and crossing. A targeted gene-modified plantlet without foreign DNA is generated in the T0 generation.

This approach has been reported in wheat for the first time. DNA free genome-edited wheat plants have been generated. Genes required for genic male sterility are identified, CRISPR/Cas9- mediated disruption of these genes will enable the rapid production of male-sterile wheat. This represents a promising method for manipulating recessive sterility genes to capture heterosis in wheat. CRISPR-based genome editing will bring functional genomics and rational design-based molecular breeding of polyploid wheat to the forefront of wheat biology. Transgene-free, gene edited wheat will play a critical role in addressing environmental issues while promoting sustainable agriculture.
Synergetic Impact of Sodium Azide and Ethyl Methane Sulfonate Treatment on SSR Marker-Based Assessment of Okra Seedling Genetic Purity
Authors: Dhole Mayur S.
Published: December 2024

In this comprehensive study, the synergetic impact of sodium azide and EMS mutagenic treatments on ‘Parbhani Kranti’ okra seeds and plants were rigorously examined. The study employed okra seeds in a CRD, implementing five treatments (T0 to T4) with varied concentrations of Sodium Azide and EMS. The primary goal was to assess genetic purity, covering morphological parameters, DUS tests; Physiological observations included chlorophyll, RW content and molecular analysis by using SSR Marker. Morphological parameters, including shoot, root, seedling length, and leaf area were adversely affected, with T4 showing the most stunted growth.Flowering delay and altered fruit characteristics were also observed, correlating with mutagen concentrations. The findings of this research reveal that seeds subjected to mutagenic treatments exhibited significantly reduced germination rates when compared to the control.

The most substantial reduction, at 70%, were observed in seeds treated (T4) and was detrimentally influenced by these mutagenic interventions. The increase chlorophyll (mean 1.47) and RWC (mean 47.06) complex plant responses to mutagenic elements. Potential adaptive or tolerance mechanisms, including increased chlorophyll production and water retention, may be activated to mitigate stress. Genetic purity assessments exposed variations in DNA content and quality across different treatments. Among the two SSR marker differentiated allelic size of 260 and 300 bp. The allelic sizes are specific to the seed and pollen of the hybrid. These findings hold implications for developing novel okra cultivars and ensuring genetic purity in hybrid seed production, contributing to agricultural sustainability.
Melanin Inhibitory Effects of Aloe vera Crude Extracts on the Isolated Scale Melanocytes of Zebrafish, Danio rerio
Authors: Kassab Gulafsha
Published: December 2024

Increased production of melanin by stimulation of melanocytes leads to various hyperpigmented disorders, and the development of melanolytic agents causing hyperpigmentation is one of the highest priority areas of current research. Natural products with skin-whitening effects are gaining interest among consumers and researchers because they are perceived to be milder, safer, and healthier than synthetic alternatives. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of crude extract of Aloe vera leaves, on the isolated scale melanocytes of zebrafish.

In this study, the dorso-lateral scales of zebrafish were removed and kept in fish physiological saline with concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 1.52 µM. It was found that the crude extract of Aloe vera leaves induced powerful, dose-dependent, physiologically significant melanin aggregating effects in the isolated scale melanocytes of zebrafish as compared to control untreated embryos. At concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 1.52 µM, the MMSI of Aloe vera leaf extract was found to be 2.5 ± 0.14 to 0.5±0.14 as compared to the control value of 3.58±0.02. These preliminary outcomes clearly reveal that the crude extract of Aloe vera cause dose dependent melanin aggregation and result in skin lightening.
Editorial DLH2024
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke , Heirbaut Dirk
Published: December 2024

Editorial
Evaluating knowledge and self-rated competence of educational and speech-language professionals on language development and disorders
Authors: De Bree Elise , Van den Boer Madelon
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Oral language abilities are essential for children's development and participation. Educational and healthcare professionals should know about language development and feel competent in delivering support to children with language problems or disorders. We evaluated the knowledge base, the self-rated competence and the reasons for this experienced competence in different groups of Dutch professionals, to gain insight in the qualities and needs in the educational support chain.
Method: Respondents were 33 speech-language therapists (SLT), 57 ambulatory support professionals (ASP), 46 teachers and special educational needs coordinators (SENCo) at mainstream education and 23 teachers and SENCos at special education. In an online questionnaire, these professionals judged 24 statements concerning oral language and language disorders as being true/false to reflect the knowledge base. They also rated their competence in supporting children with language difficulties on a scale of 1-10 and were asked to indicate why they were able to provide this support, as well as when they would be better able to support these children.
Results: There were no differences between the groups on the knowledge base task. The groups did differ on the self-rated competence (mainstream < special education and ASP < SLT). Scores on the knowledge base task and self-rated competence were not correlated. As facilitators to their self-rated competence, respondents referred mostly to their own knowledge, experience and training, whereas most barriers concerned problems within the educational and health care system.
Conclusions: The findings point to the need for investing into the knowledge base and competence of the different groups of professionals, as well as removing external and collaboration-based barriers in the educational and healthcare context.
De bomen en het bos: Complexe systeemdynamiek in de Orthopedagogiek
Authors: Lichtwarck-Aschoff Anna
Published: December 2024

De focus op stoornissen en fragmentatie in de jeugdzorg is een probleem. Door alle hokjes en schotten, dreigen we de persoon met zijn unieke situatie en ontwikkelingsgeschiedenis steeds meer uit het oog te verliezen. Prof. Anna Lichtwarck-Aschoff pleit voor een 'person-centered' benadering die de persoon in zijn context centraal stelt, in plaats van een stoornisgerichte aanpak. Een benadering die recht doet aan het geïntegreerde geheel in plaats van losse symptomen of variabelen, waarbij er ruimte is voor uniciteit, voor de persoons-specifieke en subjectieve beleving van psychisch leiden en herstel maar waarbij we tegelijkertijd binnen cases, maar ook over cases heen zoeken naar algemene principes van verandering.

De theorie van complexe dynamische systemen biedt een holistische benadering, waarin psychische problemen worden gezien als emergente toestanden die ontstaan uit de interactie tussen verschillende interne en externe factoren. Prof Anna Lichtwarck-Aschoff laat in haar oratie manieren zien hoe de wetenschap kan samenwerken met de praktijk, waarbij case-by-case analyses met een combinatie van systematische data en de unieke, subjectieve ervaring van cliënt en professional centraal staan. Dit levert data op die direct bruikbaar zijn voor de praktijk, voor de client en professional die ze verzamelen, maar die ook inzichten opleveren over algemene principes van verandering die ook in andere situaties van toepassing kunnen zijn. In de praktijk vraagt dit om zorg die context-gericht en adatief is, voortdurend reageert op de situatie van de cliënt en rekening houdt met de tijdsgebonden dynamiek van verandering.
A Machine Learning–Based Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Multicenter Validation Study
Authors: Ma Mengqing , Chen Caimei , Chen Dawei , Zhang Hao , Du Xia , Sun Qing , Fan Li , Kong Huiping , Chen Xueting , Cao Changchun , Wan Xin
Published: December 2024

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective

This study aimed to establish and validate predictive models for AKI in hospitalized patients with CAP based on machine learning algorithms.

Methods

We trained and externally validated 5 machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and deep forest (DF). Feature selection was conducted using the sliding window forward feature selection technique. Shapley additive explanations and local interpretable model-agnostic explanation techniques were applied to the optimal model for visual interpretation.

Results

A total of 6371 patients with CAP met the inclusion criteria. The development of CAP-associated AKI (CAP-AKI) was recognized in 1006 (15.8%) patients. The 11 selected indicators were sex, temperature, breathing rate, diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, albumin, white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet, blood urea nitrogen, and neutrophil count. The DF model achieved the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy in the internal (AUC=0.89, accuracy=0.90) and external validation sets (AUC=0.87, accuracy=0.83). Furthermore, the DF model had the best calibration among all models. In addition, a web-based prediction platform was developed to predict CAP-AKI.

Conclusions

The model described in this study is the first multicenter-validated AKI prediction model that accurately predicts CAP-AKI during hospitalization. The web-based prediction platform embedded with the DF model serves as a user-friendly tool for early identification of high-risk patients.
A Narrative-Gamified Mental Health App (Kuamsha) for Adolescents in Uganda: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: R Pozuelo Julia , Nabulumba Christine , Sikoti Doreen , Davis Meghan , Gumikiriza-Onoria Joy Louise , Kinyanda Eugene , Moffett Bianca , van Heerden Alastair , O'Mahen Heather A , Craske Michelle ,   DoBAt & Ebikolwa Consortium, Sulaiman Munshi , Stein Alan
Published: December 2024

Background

Many adolescents in Uganda are affected by common mental disorders, but only a few affordable treatment options are available. Digital mental health interventions offer promising opportunities to reduce these large treatment gaps, but interventions specifically tailored for Ugandan adolescents are limited.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Kuamsha program, an intervention delivered through a gamified app with low-intensity telephonic guidance, as a way to promote mental health among adolescents from the general population in Uganda.

Methods

A 3-month pre-post single-arm trial was conducted with adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years living in Wakiso District, Central Uganda. The intervention was coproduced with adolescents from the study site to ensure that it was culturally acceptable. The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention were evaluated using an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach. Feasibility was assessed by collecting data on trial retention rates and treatment adherence rates. Acceptability was assessed through a questionnaire and in-depth interviews with participants following the conclusion of the intervention period. As a secondary objective, we explored the changes in participants’ mental health before and after the intervention.

Results

A total of 31 adolescents were recruited for the study. Results from the study showed high levels of feasibility and acceptability. Trial retention rates exceeded 90%, and treatment adherence was ≥80%. These results, evaluated against our predefined trial progression criteria, indicate a successful feasibility study, with all criteria exceeding the thresholds necessary to progress to a larger trial. App engagement metrics, such as time spent on the app and modules completed, exceeded existing literature benchmarks, and many adolescents continued to use the app after the intervention. In-depth interviews and questionnaire responses revealed high acceptability levels. Depressive symptoms trended toward reduction (mean difference: 1.41, 95% CI –0.60 to 3.42, Cohen d=0.30), although this was not statistically significant (P=.16). Supporting this trend, we also observed a reduction in the proportion of participants with moderate depressive symptoms from 32% (10/31) to 17% (5/29) after the intervention, but this change was also not significant (P=.10).

Conclusions

This study presents evidence to support the Kuamsha program as a feasible and acceptable digital mental health program for adolescents in Uganda. A fully powered randomized controlled trial is needed to assess its effectiveness in improving adolescents’ mental health.
Accuracy test of the Kato-Katz and direct examination method for diagnosing helminthiasis using preserved stool
Authors: Gunasari Lala Foresta Valentine , Triana Dessy , Suringgar Sadid Reyudo
Published: December 2024

Purposes: More than 1.5 billion people, or a quarter of the world's popula-:on, are infected by soil-transmi>ed helminth (STH). Children aged 2-14 years are the most suscep:ble to helminthiasis. In Indonesia, there are 60.4 million children infected with STH, with an average prevalence rate of 31.8%. Helminthiasis can cause growth and development disorders in children. The diagnosis of helminthiasis can be made by examining stool using qualitative (direct examination) and quantitative (Kato-Katz) methods. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of both methods in diagnosing helminthiasis using preserved stool specimens.
Methods: This research design was an observational study with a cross-sec-:onal approach. A total of 140 stool samples preserved using 10% formalin for 13 months were examined with the Kato-Katz and direct examination methods using a light microscope.
Results: Among the 140 stool samples examined, 64 samples (45.71%) were found positive for STH using the Kato-Katz method, while with the direct examination method, 50 samples (35.71%) were positive for STH. The accuracy test showed that the sensitivity and specificity values of the Kato Katz method were 86.79% and 79.31%, while the direct examination method was 64.15% and 81.60%, respectively.
Conclusions: The Kato-Katz method was more sensitive than the direct examination method in diagnosing helminthiasis in preserved stool, but the direct examination method had a higher specificity value than the Kato-Katz method. In addition, the accuracy of examination of fresh and preserved stool specimens in diagnosing helminthiasis was not significantly different.
Epidemiology of homicide: homicide method and demographic status of victim recorded at Sardjito General Hospital
Authors: Jessica Theresia , Pidada Surya , Widagdo Hendro
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The study aims to find out associations between the demographic factors for a person to become a homicide victim in Indonesia and the possible method of homicide-related. We hypothesize that there is an association between the demographic status of the homicide victim and the homicide methods and even between the homicide method and incident time themselves.
Methods: By using visum et repertum of the homicide victims that were recorded in dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in 2005-2015. The baseline characteristics are above 15-year-old victims who lived in Bantul District, Sleman District, Yogyakarta City, Kulon Progo District, and Gunungkidul District with identified age, sex, and homicide method and had their incident time recorded in dr. Sardjito General Hospital. The victim’s age, sex, occupation, marital status, and socioeconomic were analyzed to determine if there is any association found to the homicide method that includes homicide method and incident time that the homicide occurred. The association within the homicide method was also analyzed using the same method.
Results: Of the 105 homicide victims who had a Visum et Repertum made at the dr. Sardjito General Hospital, most of the homicide victims were male, 20-40 years old, worked for private, were married, had high socioeconomic status, were murdered by blunt force trauma with bleeding as a mechanism of death, during night time and in outside settings. The result shows that the homicide method is found to be significantly associated with sex, as socioeconomic status only affects females. Meanwhile, the incident time of the homicide is related to the age of the victim. The association between the two variables of the homicide method was only found if the victim is male, where poisoning is more likely to occur during daytime, and sharp object trauma is more likely to occur at night. 
Conclusion: Associations between homicide methods and some of the demographic statuses were found. Male victims with poisoning of homicide method are more likely to occur during the daytime, and sharp object trauma is more likely to occur at night.
Hygiene sanitation aspect and drinking water quality of Kerawang Depots, Lampung
Authors: Winanti Ganis Ayu , Sarto  , Wiranto
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Healthy and safe refillable drinking water must comply with Permenkes RI No 43 Tahun 2014 and Permenkes RI No 492/MENKES/Per/IV/2010. Increasing drinking water coverage in Lampung Province makes Kerawang water an alternative to meet drinking water needs because it is cheap, easy to access, and practical. This study aims to analyze the hygiene and sanitation of the Kerawang water depot.
Methods: This qualitative study used a case study approach. Informants were recruited through the purposive sampling technique. The primary informants are 6, the touchers of the depots. One supporting informant was the Ambarawa Health Center’s environmental health officer.
Results: Of the 17 depots observed, 3 (17.64%) water depots did not meet the requirements, and 14 (82.35%) met the criteria. Of the 17 depots that had been checked the quality, 17 (100%) depots were appropriate for the physical requirements, 11 (64,70%) depots were not suitable for the chemical requirements, 2 depots (11.76%) were not appropriate for the biological requirements.
Conclusion: The infrastructures were cleaned at different times, and there was some lack of basic sanitation facilities. Equipment for the water treatment process was always replaced before the expiration. Some handlers did not check their health and apply hygiene behaviors. Depot owners must complete basic sanitation facilities such as handwashing stations, trash cans, and closed sewers, facilitate work clothes and health checks, control the hygiene behaviors of handlers, and conduct regular quality checks on drinking water.
Flavonoids and Fruit Coloration: A Comprehensive Review of Biochemical Pathway and Environmental Interactions
Authors: Jadhav Ankita Sunil
Published: December 2024

Flavonoids play a crucial role in the coloration of fruits, contributing to a broad spectrum of hues that range from
yellow to red and blue. This comprehensive review examines the correlation between flavonoid biosynthesis and fruit color
transitions, focusing on key pigments like anthocyanin, flavonol and chalcone that are responsible for producing a wide range of
colors, including yellow, orange, red, purple and blue. The review highlights the biochemical pathways involved in flavonoid
production and how these pathways correspond to changes in fruit pigmentation during different development stages.
Additionally, it explores how environmental factors such as light intensity, temperature, and soil nutrients influence these
pathways directly affecting flavonoid concentration and frequently fruit color.
Anant Sanskaran-A Solution for Lost Cultural Heritage of India
Authors: Sharma Ms. Shivangi
Published: December 2024

Indian culture is an intricate tapestry woven from centuries of diverse traditions, languages, and beliefs. This rich
heritage encompasses a myriad of practices, festivals, art forms, and philosophies that have evolved over millennia. The Indian
culture as a whole is multiethnic as it constitutes different religions. Festivals and celebrations are an integral part of the Indian
way of life, they are often associated with seasons, agriculture, and the way of religion. People delight in the celebration of such
holidays as Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, and Pongal as they signify change and love to the families and communities of the
people celebrating them. These are occasions that call for harmony, respect, and tolerance over the diversity in the people. In
addition, Indian art has its classical dances such as Bharatanatyam, Kathak, and Odissi as well as crafts in painting, pottery,
and weaving art. The architecture of India, exemplified by monumental structures like the Taj Mahal, ancient temples, and forts,
is a testament to the country's historical evolution and artistic ingenuity Philosophical and literary traditions have also
flourished, with ancient texts like the Vedas and Upanishads laying the foundation for spiritual and intellectual thought. Indian
literature, both classical and contemporary, has enriched global narratives, exploring complex themes of love, morality, and
human experience.
Fake News Detector with Real Time Web Scraping
Authors: Roy Pritam
Published: December 2024

This project, Fake News Detector, articulates the power of the Python programming language the detector is
designed in a way so that it can differentiate the given texts into real or fake. Fake news affects societies across the
globe this survey explores important work in this area, shedding light on the methods researchers have developed, what they
do well, and where they fall short.
Analysis of economic satisfaction using machine learning models and explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Menegazzo Ferreyra Luiz Fernando , Bulaty Tauil Yasser , Messias Adigneri Helton , Samways dos Santos Bruno , Lima Rafael
Published: December 2024

The economic satisfaction of a nation can reflect citizens' perceptions of their government's performance, and machine learning models can help uncover non-trivial information from such data. In this context, this article aimed to analyze the satisfaction of Latin American citizens with their country's economy. To achieve this, six traditional classifier algorithms and four ensemble models were used, with a final application of an explainable method (SHapley Additive exPlanations, SHAP) to analyze the key factors contributing to economic satisfaction. The models were trained and tested on a dataset comprising data from the 2020 and 2023 Latinobarómetro surveys, totaling 27,600 instances in the final set. As a result, it was found that the Random Forest was the best individual model, while the stacking ensemble achieved the best performance in classifying between “satisfied” and “dissatisfied” citizens. The SHAP method revealed that “satisfaction with democracy” and “perception of the country's progress” are the main factors influencing economic satisfaction. This study offers insights for public managers on how to improve their citizens' economic satisfaction.
Are the Principles of Mutual Trust and Recognition in Danger of Being Eroded by the Recent Jurisprudence of the ECJ Concerning the EAW?
Authors: Gellér Balázs
Published: December 2024

This piece examines how the Court of the European Union, through well intended judgments concerning the European Arrest Warrant, aimed at strengthening the rule of law within the EU, might have triggered unintended secondary effects possibly eroding mutual trust and recognition and redefining certain aspects of the ne bis in idem principle. It looks at two issues from a Hungarian perspective: a line of cases which for human rights and rule of law reasons expand the grounds for refusing an EAW and another strain of cases, which concern aspects of ne bis in idem. On 25 July 2018 these two lines of jurisprudence crossed, one represented by the AY verdict (ne bis in idem) and the other materialising in the LM judgment (EAW). Whilst the so called Sanader and H case culminated in the AY judgment, it was the LM decision which had an adverse effect on the adjudication of a Croatian EAW in Sanader and H before a Hungarian court. It is argued that both the AY and the LM judgments are partially inconsistent and although motivated by best intentions violated the integrity of law. It is hinted that it might be time to ask ourselves, whether the modus in which the enforcement of EU law is left mainly to national courts is the right way when the rule of law is questioned by some Member States, or similarly to the European Public Prosecutor regional EU courts should be established having final jurisdiction on matters involving EU law.