bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI BURUH PEREMPUAN PT. MITRATANI DUA TUJUH KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Aristantia Deliana , Sukidin Sukidin , Hartanto Wiwin
Published: April 2020

Perempuan bekerja di sektor informal karena tidak membutuhkan pendidikan tinggi. Sektor informal memiliki waktu yang fleksibel dan tidak mempunyai banyak syarat untuk memasukinya. Jenis pekerjaan yang tidak membutuhkan pendidikan tinggi dan syarat untuk memasukinya salah satunya yaitu sebagai buruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi pada buruh perempuan PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif. Penentuan daerah penelitian dan informan menggunakan metode purposive Adapun untuk memperoleh data peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara sebagai metode utama, serta observasi dan dokumen sebagai data pelengkap. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis deksriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sosial ekonomi buruh perempuan yang bekerja di bagian grading PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh dapat dilihat dari 4 indikator yaitu pendidikan, pendapatan, tempat tinggal dan alat transportasi termasuk golongan kondisi sosial ekonomi sedang. Kondisi ekonomi informan dilihat dari indicator pendidikan yaitu termasuk golongan kondisi sosial ekonomi sedang, buruh perempuan yang bekerja di PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh rata-rata lulusan SD hingga SMA. Pendapatan buruh perempuan di PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh rata-rata masih dibawah UMK Kabupaten Jember sebesar Rp 2.170.917 yaitu bekisar Rp 1.536.000, namun dengan pendapatan tersebut dapat dinilai masih mencukupi kebutuhan keluarga sehari-hari. Kondisi tempat tinggal buruh perempuan di PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh yaitu kondisi bangunan permanen, status kepemilikan ada yang milik sendiri dan orang tua serta luas bangunan rata-rata 36 m2. Alat transportasi yang digunakan buruh perempuan di PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh yaitu sepeda motor, angkutan umum dan sepeda onthel.
PARTISIPASI GUCIALIT ORGANISASI WISATA ALAM (GOWA) DALAM PENGEMBANGAN AGROWISATA KEBUN TEH KERTOWONO DI KECAMATAN GUCIALIT KABUPATEN LUMAJANG
Authors: Nisa Nadlirotun , Widodo Joko , Djaja Sutrisno
Published: April 2020

Pariwisata merupakan sebuah industri jasa yang digunakan sebagai salah satu pendorong perekonomian masyarakat sekitar. Pola pengelolaan dan pengembangan wisata perlu dilakukan dengan mengikutsertakan masyarakat setempat dalam kegiatan yang menunjang usaha agrowisata. GOWA (Gucialit Organisasi Wisata Alam) merupakan organisasi masyarakat di Kecamatan Gucialit yang bergerak dibidang lingkungan dan sosial. GOWA bekerjasama dengan PTPN XII untuk mengembangkan agrowisata kebun teh Kertowono. Adanya GOWA dalam mengembangan wisata kebun teh dapat menjaga keberlanjutan usaha obyek wisata. Kesediaan GOWA dan melibatkan masyarakat dalam mengembangkan obyek wisata merupakan salah satu bentuk partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk partisipasi yang dilakukan organisasi masyarakat melalui Gucialit Organisasi Wisata Alam (GOWA) dalam pengembangan agrowisata kebun teh. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif. Penentuan daerah penelitian dan informan menggunakan metode purposive. Adapun untuk memperoleh data peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam sebagai metode utama, serta observasi dan dokumen sebagai data pelengkap. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis deksriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa partisipasi GOWA dalam pengembangan agrowisata kebun teh Kertowono terdiri dari 3 bentuk partisipasi yaitu partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan, partisipasi dalam pelaksanaan dan partisipasi dalam pengambilan manfaat. Partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan GOWA dalam pengembangan agrowisata yaitu memberikan ide karnaval tahunan untuk melestarikan kesenian dan juga sebagai ajang promosi wisata kebun teh Kertowono serta menghadiri rapat dengan masyarakat sekitar Kecamatan Gucialit. Partisipasi dalam pelaksanaan yaitu melakukan promosi melalui sosial media dan melaksanakan konservasi lingkungan. Partisipasi GOWA dalam pengambilan manfaat yaitu memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan lingkungan. Manfaat ekonomi yaitu masyarakat meningkat dengan adanya wisata kebun teh Kertowono dengan bekerja sebagai pemandu, tukang parkir maupun berjualan di sekitar wisata dan memberikan manfaat lingkungan yaitu adanya pemandu wisata yang disediakan oleh GOWA juga membantu menjaga kelestarian lingkungan dengan melakukan patrol untuk menghindari adanya perusakan hutan
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Waroeng Biru Daun Di Kabupaten Situbondo)
Authors: Fatwa Rachmad Yanuar , Wahyuni Sri , Djaja Sutrisno
Published: April 2020

Seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin pesat, kebutuhan pendudukpun semakin meningkat, khususnya kebutuhan terhadap makanan. Salah satu alternatif adalah rumah makan atau restoran. Faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen salah satunya adalah kualitas pelayanan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada Konsumen Waroeng Biru Daun di Kabupaten Situbondo. Kualitas pelayanan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari bukti fisik, ketanggapan, kehandalan, jaminan, empati. Sedangkan untuk kepuasan konsumen terdiri dari melakukan pembelian kembali, merekomendasikan kepada orang lain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah 45 reseponden. Uji instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah uji validitas. Metode analisis data yang digunakan analisis inferensial yang terdiri dari analisis regresi linier sederhana, analisis varian garis regresi, uji F, efektivitas garis regresi, standart eror of estimate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan berpengaru terhadap kepuasan konsumen sebesar 67,5%.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBALIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XII IPS 2 SMAN PAKUSARI JEMBER (Studi Kasus Pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi Materi Jurnal Khusus Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019)
Authors: Sa'dia Siti Halimatus , Kartini Titin , Kantun Sri
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran berbalik dalam meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XII IPS 2 SMAN Pakusari Jember pada mata pelajaran ekonomi materi jurnal khusus semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019, serta mengetahui peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XII IPS 2 SMAN Pakusari Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dengan 2 siklus yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yakni tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode observasi, tes, wawancara dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbalik dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XII IPS 2 SMAN Pakusari Jember pada mata pelajaran ekonomi materi jurnal khusus semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Pada siklus I, aktivitas belajar siswa mencapai skor rata-rata 2,4 pada kategori sedang dan meningkat sebesar 0,9 menjadi 3,3 pada kategori tinggi pada siklus II. Sedangkan hasil belajar siswa dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata yang didapat dari tugas studi kasus dan ulangan harian pada mata pelajaran ekonomi materi jurnal khusus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata siswa mencapai 79,9 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 79,4%, kemudian mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II dengan nilai rata-rata 87,1 dan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 88,2%.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM BANTUAN PREMI ASURANSI NELAYAN (BPAN) PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR PANTAI PUGER KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Permatasari Linda , Suharso Pudjo , Hartanto Wiwin
Published: April 2020

Upaya nelayan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dihadapkan pada risiko, hilang atau rusaknya sarana penangkapan ikan, dan kecelakaan kerja. Temuan Suharso (2012) melalui program pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir di Gunung Kidul menemukan bahwa tuntutan asuransi sebagai jaminan profesi nelayan telah lama disuarakan. Program Bantuan Premi Asuransi Nelayan (BPAN) dirancang sebagai perlindungan bagi nelayan di dalam melakukan pekerjaannya serta sebagai stimulus dengan memberikan bantuan pembayaran premi asuransi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi program BPAN yang dilaksanakan oleh Dinas Perikanan kabupaten Jember beserta faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat implementasi tersebut di pesisir pantai Puger Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu kasi, staf perikanan tangkap Dinas Perikanan Jember, dan nelayan Puger penerima program. Metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program BPAN telah diimplementasikan oleh Dinas Perikanan Jember di Puger kabupaten Jember dengan beberapa tahap, sosialisasi; pendataan, verifikasi, dan validasi; pengusulan; penetapan; pengajuan dan pembayaran klaim. Terdapat beberapa masalah dalam pelaksanaan BPAN yaitu, hampir 80% nelayan di Puger masih belum terdata dalam program KUSUKA dan BPAN, kurangnya sosialisasi kepada nelayan, dan minimnya petugas dinas. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi tersebut terdiri dari, sosialisasi kepada nelayan, sumberdaya yang tersedia, struktur birokrasi dan komitmen implementor yang baik.
Les producteurs d’ovins et les éleveurs laitiers extensifs sont les principaux bénéficiaires de l’application française du bilan de santé de la PAC
Authors: CHATELLIER V. , GUESDON J.C. , GUYOMARD H. , PERROT C.
Published: April 2020

Cet article présente une analyse des conséquences, pour les exploitations agricoles françaises, des écisions arrêtées dans le cadre du bilan de santé de la PAC par le Ministre de l’Agriculture et de la Pêche. Les simulations sont conduites, moyennant certaines hypothèses, à partir des données individuelles du Réseau d’Information Comptable Agricole (RICA). Elles permettent d’évaluer les impacts économiques des mesures adoptées pour différentes catégories d’exploitations agricoles réparties selon les systèmes de production et les régions. D’après ces travaux, la réorientation des aides directes sera favorable aux exploitations d’herbivores, principalement celles ayant une part élevée de prairies dans la surface agricole. Elle sera, en revanche, pénalisante pour les exploitations de grandes cultures et les élevages intensifs de bovins. La redistribution des aides directes induit un transfert des régions localisées au nord de la Loire vers celles situées en zones plus herbagères ou de montagne. La réorientation des soutiens entre les secteurs productifs, modeste mais hautement significative, vise à renforcer leur légitimité en les liant plus nettement à la rémunération de services environnementaux et territoriaux.
Intérêts et limites de la prise en compte de la variabilité individuelle dans les modèles de fonctionnement du troupeau
Authors: PUILLET L. , SAUVANT D. , TICHIT M.
Published: April 2020

La variabilité des réponses individuelles est un élément clé pour comprendre le fonctionnement du troupeau et évaluer ses performances. Cette variabilité repose sur une composante biologique (élaboration de réponses productives liées à l’expression des régulations physiologiques et du génotype) et sur une composante décisionnelle (ensemble de pratiques s’appuyant sur différents niveaux d’organisation du troupeau). Cette synthèse examine dans quelle mesure les modèles de fonctionnement du troupeau existants sont opérationnels pour étudier la variabilité individuelle et faire ainsi progresser notre capacité à prédire les réponses du troupeau aux pratiques. La première partie synthétise les types de réponses biologiques représentés dans les modèles et l’élaboration de ces réponses. La seconde passe en revue les types de pratiques représentés et les niveaux d’information qu’elles mobilisent. La conclusion présente les limites des modèles pour l’étude de la variabilité individuelle. Celles-ci résident dans une vision partielle de la composante biologique (un seul type de réponse biologique, absence des réponses à l’alimentation et des régulations physiologiques) et de la composante décisionnelle (absence d’informations individuelles, un seul type de pratiques représenté, pas de lien entre projet d’élevage, lots et pratiques). Par conséquent, simuler la construction de la variabilité individuelle générée par le fonctionnement du troupeau nécessite de développer un modèle individu-centré avec deux caractéristiques essentielles. La première concerne la formalisation de l’animal en tant qu’entité régulée répondant à son environnement nutritionnel. La seconde concerne la formalisation explicite du lot comme entité de gestion, support d’un système de pratiques d’alimentation, de reproduction et de renouvellement.
Herb’type© : un nouvel outil pour évaluer les services de production fournis par les prairies permanentes
Authors: DURU M. , CRUZ P. , JOUANY C. , THEAU J.P.
Published: April 2020

Herb’type est un outil de caractérisation des services de production (valeur d’usage) fournis par les prairies permanentes : productivité, digestibilité, temporalité de la production et souplesse d’utilisation. Les fondements écologiques qui en font sa généricité sont résumés dans une première partie. Dans une deuxième partie, nous présentons le mode d’emploi de l’outil permettant de passer d’un relevé botanique à une évaluation des services agronomiques : la composition en types fonctionnels de graminées est renseignée par une méthode simplifiée de relevé botanique ; des règles d’agrégation des données et d’interprétation des résultats permettent de passer de cette composition à une information (les composantes de la valeur d’usage) puis à une connaissance opérationnelle pour l’action. Herb’type est le résultat d’un travail en partenariat avec des éleveurs et des conseillers lors de suivis d’élevage et de formations ayant donné lieu à des retours d’expérience qui ont permis de transformer une idée en plusieurs prototypes puis en un outil. Dans une troisième partie, nous présentons quelques illustrations d’utilisation de l’outil à différentes échelles (parcelle, système fourrager) comme éléments d’évaluation et pour montrer quelques potentialités de l’outil. Enfin les atouts et les limites de cet outil sont présentés en précisant les pistes en cours d’étude.
L’ingestion chez le poulet de chair : n’oublions pas les régulations à court terme
Authors: BOUVAREL I. , TESSERAUD S. , LETERRIER C.
Published: April 2020

Les programmes nutritionnels reposent le plus souvent sur la base de pas de temps d’une journée minimum alors que des phénomènes associés à l’ingestion des aliments induisent des réponses selon des pas de temps beaucoup plus courts. L’ingestion est régulée à long terme au niveau central depuis des boucles de rétroaction des tissus périphériques, afin d’assurer l’équilibre énergétique, et ceci de concert avec la recherche de l’homéostasie protéique et de l’homéothermie. La régulation de l’ingestion à court terme est liée à la nécessité de limiter l’encombrement de l’aliment ingéré, et d’assurer des apports énergétiques et de nutriments réguliers. Chez les volailles, elle est vraisemblablement effective selon un pas de temps inférieur à une heure. Elle fait intervenir des signaux provenant du tractus gastro-intestinal et agissant au niveau central. Les signaux sensoriels conditionnent la réponse à très court terme (< minute). Parmi eux, les capacités visuelles et tactiles sont particulièrement utilisées par les volailles pour apprécier leur aliment. Le comportement alimentaire dépend de ces différentes perceptions qui interagissent entre elles et dépendent aussi de l’expérience de l’animal. Les volailles sont capables de différents types d’apprentissage, par association de sensorialités entre elles ou avec les effets post-ingestifs de l’aliment. Ces informations sont stockées dans la mémoire à long terme et sont réutilisées par l’animal, qui est alors capable d’anticiper les effets d’un aliment qu’il apprend à identifier. Ces apprentissages, permettant à l’animal une meilleure adaptation à son environnement en améliorant sa capacité de choix, interfèrent alors avec les mécanismes de régulation de la prise alimentaire. La prise en compte des préférences alimentaires et des capacités d’apprentissage des volailles, constitue un challenge ambitieux pour les nutritionnistes.
Valeur nutritive des drêches de blé et de maïs pour les volailles
Authors: COZANNET I.P. , LESSIRE M. , METAYER J.P. , GADY C. , PRIMOT Y. , GERAERT P.A. , LE TUTOUR L. , SKIBA F. , NOBLET J.
Published: April 2020

Parallèlement à l’accroissement rapide de la production d’éthanol à partir des céréales, la disponibilité des coproduits associés, les drêches, pour l’alimentation des animaux, ruminants mais aussi porcs et volailles, s’est accrue. L’objet de cette synthèse est de considérer l’information disponible pour l’introduction des drêches de bioéthanol de céréales dans les aliments des volailles. Elle dresse le profil moyen de la composition chimique et des valeurs énergétiques et protéiques des drêches de blé et de maïs. Elle indique aussi une forte variabilité de ces critères, en particulier pour la lysine en lien avec les réactions de Maillard lors du séchage et la diminution de la luminance (L). Les échantillons de faible valeur L (< 50 pour les drêches de blé et < 30 pour les drêches de maïs) ont ainsi une teneur en lysine des matières azotées faible et cette lysine est peu digestible. La digestibilité de l’énergie des drêches de blé ou de maïs ou leurs teneurs en EM peuvent également varier avec la couleur mais elles sont surtout dépendantes de leur composition chimique et notamment de leur teneur en matières grasses et en parois végétales. Notre synthèse indique que les drêches de blé ou de maïs sont des sources potentielles d’énergie et de protéines susceptibles d’être utilisées dans les aliments des différentes catégories de volailles sans que les performances soient altérées mais à la condition que les caractéristiques nutritives des drêches soient prises en compte pour la formulation des aliments.
Experimental Study and Validation of a Kinetic Scheme for Hydrothermal Carbonization Reactions
Authors: Vallejo Fidel , Diaz-Robles Luis A. , Poblete Jorge , Cubillos Francisco
Published: April 2020

This study presents a new kinetic scheme for the mass yield prediction of waste lignocellulosic biomasses treated by Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC). The proposed reactions are based on the decomposition, solubilization, and polymerization of each main fraction of the biomass: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The ash content was assumed to be inert. The kinetic parameters have been obtained by non-linear adjustment using a data set with 220 experimental runs collected from the literature. The results indicate that the pre-exponential factors range was from 7.33 x101 to 1.412x105 min-1, and activation energies were between 33.75 y 225.3 kJ/mol. A good fit is achieved between the observed and predicted data with an R2 of 0.81 and an RMSE of 7.7 %. The proposed scheme was validated with the experimental data obtained by the HTC of sawdust (Pinus radiata) and rapeseed (Brassica napus). The experiments were carried out at temperatures of 190, 220, and 250 ºC and reaction times of 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. The predicted values showed an average error of 2.3 and 3.5 %, respectively. Therefore, the kinetic scheme is a useful tool in the conversion analysis of waste biomass treated by HTC.
Mass Intake of Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine in the Present Context of the COVID-19 Outbreak: Possible Consequences in Endemic Malaria Settings
Authors: Mvumbi Dieudonné
Published: April 2020

World is currently experiencing a new pandemic for which no curative treatment is available. At this time, coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has reached 183 countries and has caused several deaths. Many reports presented chloroquine (CQ) and hydrochloroquine (HCQ), former drugs used against malaria, as the best current choice to fight this terrible disease. As these molecules had been withdrawn in malaria treatment policy due to chemoresistance, their reintroduction could have some consequences. Though local malaria prevalence could decrease for a while, molecular changes are likely to happen on some plasmodium falciparum genes involved in conferring drug resistance. This could threaten efforts in malaria control, if these molecules are widely administered.
An Alternative to Ventilators to Support Critical COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Pan Gang , Lyu Tao , Hunt John
Published: April 2020

Critically ill patients with COVID-19 may develop serious respiratory difficulties, causing a significant reduction in blood oxygen saturation pressure. Physical Ventilation of the lungs is one of the main methods to help critically ill patients through the acute phase of infection. During extreme situations when dysfunctional lungs are filled with sticky sputum in the alveolus or when there are simply not enough ventilators to match the need, the mortality rate can be dramatically increased. Here, we propose an intravenous injection method that may increase and maintain the blood oxygen pressure at normal levels. The intravenous (IV) infusion contains oxygen nanobubbles in physiological saline solution (ONPS), in which the dissolved oxygen content can be 2-6 times higher than the normal oxygen solubility in pure water. This makes it possible to oxygenate blood with a small limited volume of IV fluid without the risk of gaseous bubble formation in blood vessels.
Ortadoğu Denkleminde Filistin Sorunu
Authors: DERİ Mehmet
Published: April 2020

Filistin Sorunu, dünyadaki en eski dinî ve etnik çatışmalardan birisini teşkil etmektedir. Sorunun temelinde İsrail’in uygulamaya koyduğu işgalci ve ırkçı politikalar yatmaktadır. Sorununun çözümüne yönelik olarak çeşitli devletler ve uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından girişimlerde bulunulmuşsa da, bu sorun günümüzde de varlığını devam ettirmektedir. Tanıtımı yapılacak olan eserde, Siyonist İsrail’in Filistin’i işgali ve İsrail’in devletleşme süreci, Filistin-İsrail çatışması ve bu çatışmanın tarihî arka planı, Filistin Sorunu’nun kökenleri vb gibi konular objektif, akademik bir perspektiften ele alınmıştır.
Cementless Versus Cemented Tibial Fixation in Posterior Stabilized Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Nivbrant Nils Oscar , Khan Riaz J.K. , Fick Daniel P. , Haebich Samantha , Smith Ewan
Published: April 2020

Background:

Evidence supports the use of cementless tibial component fixation in total knee replacement but there is a paucity of literature on posterior stabilized designs. This randomized study of posterior stabilized total knee replacements compared cemented and cementless tibial fixation with regard to component migration, bone remodeling, and clinical outcomes.

Methods:

This prospective single-center, blinded, randomized clinical trial included 100 patients with a mean age of 68 years (range, 45 to 87 years). Operations were performed by either of 2 experienced arthroplasty surgeons using the Advanced Coated System (ACS) prosthesis (Implantcast). Patients were randomized to cemented or cementless tibial fixation; other variables were standardized. Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were performed during the inpatient stay and at 3, 12, and 24 months to monitor tibial component migration and periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD). Clinical scores including the Oxford Knee Score and Short Form-12 were assessed prior to surgery and during follow-up.

Results:

Late and continuing migration was found with cementless fixation. At 24 months, the mean subsidence was significantly greater for the cementless group (1.22 mm) compared with the cemented group (0.06 mm) (p < 0.01). The mean maximum total point motion at 24 months was 2.04 mm for the cementless group and 0.48 mm for the cemented group (p < 0.01). The cemented group had more BMD loss than the cementless group in the medial, lateral, and anterior periprosthetic regions. Two tibial components were revised in the cementless group, including 1 for loosening. Clinical scores improved equally in the 2 groups.

Conclusions:

Late ongoing subsidence and high maximum total point motion in our patients who underwent cementless tibial fixation raise concerns about the fixation stability of ACS cementless posterior stabilized knee replacements. Cemented tibial components were stable. Thus, we advise caution regarding the use of cementless tibial components and recommend tibial fixation with cement for the ACS posterior stabilized total knee replacement.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Arthroscopic Repair of Large and Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Jeong Jeung Yeol , Kim Sung-Jae , Yoon Tae-Hwan , Eum Kwang-Sik , Chun Yong-Min
Published: April 2020

Background:

The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of large and massive rotator tears treated with arthroscopic complete repair with a posterior interval slide compared with partial repair without a posterior interval slide at a minimum follow-up of 5 years.

Methods:

This study included 58 patients with large and massive rotator cuff tears that were unable to be treated with arthroscopic complete repair with an anterior interval slide and margin convergence alone. Each patient underwent either arthroscopic complete repair with an additional posterior interval slide and a subsequent side-to-side repair of the interval slide edge (complete-repair group) or arthroscopic partial repair with margin convergence and without the additional posterior interval slide (partial-repair group). Patient assignment to treatment group was not randomized. Clinical assessments included the visual analog scale pain score, the Subjective Shoulder Value, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, the University of California Los Angeles shoulder score, and active range of motion. Preoperative and 6-month follow-up magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) images were compared within and between groups.

Results:

At the time of the latest follow-up evaluation, both groups had significant improvements in clinical outcomes (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the clinical outcomes between groups. A retear was identified in 22 (88%) of the 25 patients in the complete-repair group and 28 (85%) of the 33 patients in the partial-repair group. Patients in the complete-repair group had larger retear sizes (p = 0.001) and reduced acromiohumeral intervals (p = 0.007) compared with those in the partial-repair group.

Conclusions:

Although larger retear size on early postoperative MRA led to significantly reduced acromiohumeral intervals in the complete-repair group, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between groups during the minimum 5-year follow-up period. Therefore, it may be preferable to perform partial rotator cuff repair rather than aggressive release in large and massive rotator cuff tears to achieve complete repair.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Closed Vs. Open Reduction/Salter Innominate Osteotomy for Developmental Hip Dislocation After Age 18 Months
Authors: Scott Elizabeth J. , Dolan Lori A. , Weinstein Stuart L.
Published: April 2020

Background:

Despite widespread use of single-stage open reduction and pelvic osteotomy for treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) after walking age, this aggressive strategy remains controversial. We directly compared dislocated hips treated with closed reduction (CR) to those treated with open reduction and Salter innominate osteotomy (OR/IO) to estimate the relative hazard of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and the THA-free survival time.

Methods:

In a series of patients 18 to 60 months of age, 45 patients (58 hips) underwent CR and 58 patients (78 hips) were treated with OR/IO and followed to a minimum 40 years post-reduction. Observations in the survival analysis were censored if no THA had occurred by 48 years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard of THA given treatment, age, and bilaterality. Complications and additional procedures were noted.

Results:

At 48 years of follow-up, 29 (50%) of the hips survived after CR compared with 54 (69%) after OR/IO. At 45 years, the survival probability after OR/IO was 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.50 to 0.78) compared with 0.55 (95% CI = 0.43 to 0.72) after CR. The hazard ratio (HR) of THA was modeled as a function of treatment, age at reduction, and bilaterality. The effect of age and treatment on the outcome of hips in patients with unilateral involvement was minimal. However, age did significantly alter the relationship between treatment and outcome in bilateral cases. In the bilateral group, the predicted HR of THA was lower after CR in hips that were reduced at the age of 18 months (HR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.64) but higher in those that were reduced at 36 months (HR = 4.23, 95% CI = 2.00 to 8.95). Additional procedures were indicated for 17% and 22% of hips after CR and OR/IO, respectively.

Conclusions:

Osteoarthritis and THA was more likely after CR than OR/IO, but the data do not indicate a difference in unadjusted hip-survival time. In patients with bilateral disease, an older age at reduction was associated with an increased hazard of THA after CR than after OR/IO. Both treatments provided substantial benefit relative to the natural history of DDH, but THA is the expected outcome in middle adulthood.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE EDIBLE ROCK OYSTER SACCOSTREA CUCULLATA (BORN, 1778) ALONG THE SOUTH-WEST COAST OF INDIA
Authors: Yambem Tenjing S.
Published: April 2020

For the management of molluscan stocks, knowledge of various population parameters and exploitation level of the population are needed. The present study assessed the population dynamics on the rock oyster Saccostrea cucullata (Born, 1778) in Karnataka State, south India. The specimens of S. cucullata were collected from Baindur rocky beach at monthly intervals from June 2010 to May 2011. Asymptotic length (L∞) estimated was 57.8 mm and growth coefficient (K) was estimated at 1.4 year-1. The sizes attained were 45.30, 54.72 and 57.04 mm at the end of first, second and third years of age, respectively. Total mortality (Z) was 5.24 year-1. Natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were 1.40 and 3.84 year-1 respectively. The life span of S. cucullata was estimated as 2.5 years approximately. Exploitation level (E) was computed as 0.73, indicating that the fishery of S. cucullata in the coastal waters of Karnataka Is overexploited.
DISTRIBUTION AND DENSITY OF DEMERSAL FISHES IN YOUTEFA BAY, PAPUA, INDONESIA: A STUDY USING HYDROACOUSTIC TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Hamuna Baigo , Pujiyati Sri , Dimara Lisiard , Natih Nyoman Metta N. , - Alianto
Published: April 2020

A study was conducted to estimate the distribution and density of demersal fish in Youtefa Bay, Papua, Indonesia, using hydroacoustic technology. The hydroacoustic survey was carried out using a single beam echosounder SIMRAD EK-15 which operates at a frequency of 200 kHz. The hydroacoustic data was processed using Echoview software with a threshold between -70.00 to -34.00 dB. Schooling fish were detected at a maximum distance of 3 m from the seabed, with average volume backscattering strength ranging between -60.13 and -42.01 dB. The demersal fish density in the Youtefa Bay ranged from 0.09 to 42.19 fish m-3 with an average density of 12.62 fish m-3. The schools of demersal fish were dominantly detected in the coastal waters of Enggros Village to Abe Pantai Village. The condition of substrate and water depth seems to influence the spatial and vertical distribution of demersal fish in the Youtefa Bay.
CHITOSAN AND LEMON PEEL EXTRACT COATING ON QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF YELLOWFIN TUNA (THUNNUS ALBACARES) MEAT STORED UNDER REFRIGERATED CONDITION
Authors: Sabu S , Ashita T , Stephy S
Published: April 2020

The present study investigated the effect of chitosan combined with lemon peel extract coating on the quality and shelf life of refrigerated yellowfin tuna meat using physicochemical, microbial and sensory assessments. Fresh yellowfin tuna meat as chunks were divided into five lots and coated with lemon peel extract (LPE) and chitosan (CH) at different concentrations viz., control, C (0%), LPE 1%, CH 1%, LPE+CH 1% and LPE+CH 2% (w/v). Sensory, biochemical and microbial quality of the samples were observed for 12 days during 4°C refrigerated storage. Sensory evaluation revealed that shelf life of yellowfin tuna under the study was 6 days for control, 8 days each for LPE (1%) and CH (1%), 10 and 12 days for LPE+CH (1%) and LPE+CH (2%) respectively. Significantly higher pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), tri-methyl amino nitrogen (TMA-N), peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values were recorded in control samples than coated samples (p<0.05). Significant reduction in microbial counts were recorded in CH+LPE treated samples (p<0.05) compared to the LPE or CH coating alone, in the later stages of storage. Coated samples with combination of LPE+CH 1% and 2% indicated better storage qualities compared to other treatments. The present study revealed that LPE along with chitosan edible coating enhanced the shelf life of yellowfin tuna meat.
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS OF EIGHTEEN SPECIES OF FRESHWATER FISHES FROM PANCHET RESERVOIR IN GANGES BASIN, JHARKHAND, INDIA
Authors: Sandhya K.M. , Karnatak Gunjan , - Lianthuamluaia , Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Kumari Suman , Mishal P. , Kumar Vikash , Panda Debabrata , Ali Yousuf , Naskar Bablu
Published: April 2020

The present study describes the length-weight relationships (LWRs) of 18 fish species from a large tropical reservoir, Panchet, in the Damodar River basin, one of the main tributary of the largest river Ganga in India. A total of 2419 individuals represented by 18 species belonging to 9 families were sampled between November 2014 and June 2016. The b values ranged from 2.469 for Trichogaster chuna to 3.428 for Ailia coila. All the regressions were highly significant (p<0.001). The results revealed positive allometric growth for seven species (b>3, p<0.05), negative allometric growth for seven species (b<3, p<0.05) and isometric growth for four species (b=3, p>0.05). This study represents the first reference on the length-weight relationship of Trichogaster chuna from a reservoir ecosystem. This is the first report on LWRs of five fish species viz., Puntius terio, Pethia conchonius, Sperata seenghala, Ailia coila and Trichogaster chuna from an Indian reservoir. This study provides basic data for future stock assessment studies and management programmes from Panchet Reservoir as well as for complementing the comparisons of LWRs from other ecosystems.
DEMOGRAPHICS OF A HEAVILY EXPLOITED DEEP WATER SHARK ECHINORHINUS CF. BRUCUS (BONNATERRE, 1788) FROM THE SOUTH-EASTERN ARABIAN SEA
Authors: Akhilesh K.V , Anulekshmi C. , Bineesh K.K. , Ganga U. , Pillai N. G. K.
Published: April 2020

In the absence of direct consumption importance and considering as low value bycatch, many vulnerable non-target species, especially slow growing deep water fauna, are overlooked in tropical fisheries research and management. The bramble shark Echinorhinus cf. brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) is one such species, subjected to a significant non-targeted deep water fishery off southern India. A length frequency based stock assessment of bramble shark caught in trawl fisheries from the south-eastern Arabian Sea suggests that, E. cf. brucus is a moderately slow growing (K=0.12 year-1) and moderately long lived shark species (Tmax = 25 years, L¥= 333 at corresponding age of 55 years) which is overexploited (M=0.17, Z=0.39) in the region. In view of resilience capacity and vulnerability of deep sea fisheries, improved research and monitoring programmes are urgently required to ensure a sustainable future for India’s expanding deep-sea and distant water fisheries.
CHARACTERISATION OF PATHOGENIC VIBRIO SPP. ISOLATED FROM LIVE PACIFIC ABALONE (HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO, 1953) MARKETED IN SOUTH KOREA
Authors: Wickramanayake M.V.K.S. , Dahanayake P.S. , Hossain S. , De Silva B.C.J. , Heo G.J.
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the profile of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Vibrio spp. isolated from live Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino, 1953) marketed in South Korea. A total of 32 Vibrio isolates comprising V. alginolyticus (n=15), V. diabolicus (n=14), V. antiquarius (n=2) and V. parahaemolyticus (n=1) were analysed. All isolates demonstrated DNase, lipase, phospholipase and amylase activities. Additionally, production of slime (97%), gelatinase (94%), α-haemolysin (22%), β-haemolysin (78%) and protease (53%) were detected. Virulence genes viz., toxR, tlh, tdh, VAC, VPI, ctxAB and hupO were recorded in 56, 59, 13, 100, 41, 9 and 9% of the isolates, respectively. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin and 88% of the isolates were resistant to cephalothin and colistin sulphate. Twentyone isolates (66%) showed multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) index ≥0.2. Antimicrobial resistance genes blaCTX (85%), blaTEM (10%), blaSHV (10%), strAB (13%) and aphA-IAB (22%) and class 1 integrons (19%) were detected. V. diabolicus and V. antiquarius were identified and characterised for the first time in the Pacific abalone. Our findings imply the significance of integrated monitoring and surveillance programmes for the occurrence, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of vibrios in Pacific abalone.
A Systematic Review to Assess the Effectiveness of Technology-Based Interventions to Address Obesity in Children
Authors: McMullan Megan , Millar Rachel , Woodside Jayne
Published: April 2020

Background: Childhood obesity is associated with a multitude of co-morbidities, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Childhood obesity can also affect a young person’s social, emotional and mental health if they encounter negative prejudice and social marginalisation. Given the prevalence of overweight and obese children globally, it is imperative that effective interventions are developed. Children are receptive to information conveyed via digital means, therefore, the use of technology may play a crucial role in interventions to reduce childhood obesity. This systematic review aimed to review and critically appraise the literature published to date in relation to the effectiveness of technology-based interventions, employed as secondary prevention, in addressing childhood obesity.Methods: An electronic search strategy was undertaken in Medline and Embase, covering publications up to and including 12th July 2018. Randomised controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of technology-based interventions on weight-related outcomes in children, aged 8 to 18, published only in the English language, were included. Results: From an initial search total of 1,012 studies, 11 met the inclusion criteria. They were assessed for methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomised Controlled Trials and were analysed using a narrative approach. The findings of this review showed a limited potential of technology-based interventions, employed as secondary prevention, to address childhood obesity. Of the eleven studies reviewed, three (27%) showed a positive relationship between technology-based interventions and weight-related outcomes in overweight or obese children. Conclusions: This review suggests that technology-based interventions, primarily active video games, as well as internet or web-based interventions and mobile phone communications, may, with further research, have the potential to impact positively on weight-related outcomes. It is difficult to determine the degree of efficacy of these technology-based interventions, as only two databases were searched, selecting only English language articles. Moreover, the included studies demonstrated a lack of high-quality evidence. The lack and heterogeneity of studies with technology-based interventions is a further limitation.
Identification of stable reference genes for qPCR studies in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings under short-term drought stress
Authors: Dudziak Karolina , Sozoniuk Magdalena , Szczerba Hubert , Kuzdraliński Adam , Kowalczyk Krzysztof , Börner Andreas , Nowak Michał
Published: April 2020

Background Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is one of the most common and accurate methods of gene expression analysis. However, the biggest challenge for this kind of examinations is normalization of the results, which requires the application of dependable internal controls. The selection of appropriate reference genes (RGs) is one of the most crucial points in qPCR data analysis and for correct assessment of gene expression. Because of the fact that many reports indicate that the expression profiles of typically used RGs can be unstable in certain experimental conditions, species or tissues, reference genes with stable expression levels should be selected individually for each experiment. In this study, we analysed a set of ten candidate RGs for wheat seedlings under short-term drought stress. Our tests included five ‘traditional’ RGs (GAPDH, ACT, UBI, TUB, and TEF1) and five novel genes developed by the RefGenes tool from the Genevestigator database.Results Expression stability was assessed using five different algorithms: geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, RefFinder and the delta Ct method. In the final ranking, we identified three genes: CJ705892, ACT, and UBI, as the best candidates for housekeeping genes. However, our data indicated a slight variation between the different algorithms that were used. We revealed that the novel gene CJ705892, obtained by means of in silico analysis, showed the most stable expression in the experimental tissue and condition. Conclusions Our results support the statement, that novel genes selected for certain experimental conditions have a more stable level of expression in comparison to routinely applied RGs, like genes encoding actin, tubulin or GAPDH. Selected CJ705892 gene can be used as a housekeeping gene in the expression analysis in wheat seedlings under short-term drought. The results of our study will be useful for subsequent analyses of gene expression in wheat tissues subjected to drought.
A New Features of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a City of China
Authors: Hongjun Zhao , Lu Xiaoxiao , Li Tiegang , Rao Boqi , Wang Dedong , Wu Di , Qiu Fuman , Yang Zhicong , Lu Jiachun
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: An outbreak of pneumonia associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city and then to other city. It is very urgent to delineate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of these affected patients. METHODS: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the COVID-19, a cross-sectional study was executed with 459 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in WZ of China from January 27 to February 12, 2020. RESULTS: The median age of all patients was 48.0 years, and 46.8% were females. 37.5% of patients had a history of residence in Wuhan. Fever (72.1%) and cough (43.6%) were the most frequent symptoms. In addition, three kinds of unconventional cases were observed, in which included 4.4% confirmed virus carrier who were asymptomatic, 7.8% confirmed patients who had no link to Wuhan city but contact with individuals from Wuhan without any symptoms at the time of contact, and 10.7% confirmed patients who had no link to Wuhan city nor a history of intimate contact with patients or individuals from Wuhan without any symptoms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings presented the possibility of asymptomatic carriers affected with SARS-CoV-2, and this phenomenon suggested that chances of uncontrollable transmission in the larger population might be higher than formerly estimated, and transmission by these three kinds of unconventional patients in WZ may be one of the characteristics of infection in other Chinese cities outside the Wuhan epidemic area.
Biosurfactant production by Trichoderma sp. MK116452 and its possible application in oil recovery
Authors: Matussin Nur Bazilah Afifah , Shivanand Pooja , Lim Lee Hoon
Published: April 2020

Surfactants are amphiphatic compounds containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, which are capable of lowering surface or interfacial tension. Considering the advantages of using biosurfactants produced by microorganisms, the aim of this study was to develop and characterise a biosurfactant produced by Trichoderma sp. MK116452 isolated from Seri Chermin filling station, Brunei Darussalam, and to examine its potential application in microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). The microorganism was cultured in a minimal salt medium containing 1% crude oil as a carbon source and a cell-free culture broth was used to screen its efficiency in producing biosurfactants. Characterisation of the biosurfactant showed the presence of glycosides and fatty acids, suggesting its glycolipidic nature. The isolated biosurfactant showed no toxicity to the micro-crustacean Artemia salina or to red bean (Vigna angularis). The extracted biosurfactant was effective at recovering up to 60% of crude oil from sand using the sand pack column method, which is similar to the recovery rate for a chemical surfactant (SDS) (65%). These findings highlight the potential use of Trichoderma sp. MK116452 biosurfactant in the oil industry.
Human Papillomavirus: Six years genotype distribution of a hospital-based population study in women in Chongqing, China
Authors: Li Xiaoqin , Shi Yongjun , Yang Yanlong , Wei Qiang , Tang Yishu , He Xiaoling
Published: April 2020

Background Infection due to HPV (human papillomavirus) is the primary etiology for cervical cancer. Here, we investigated HPV genotypes prevalence and distribution among women in Chongqing, China.Methods Women (total 150639) were recruited from the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Health Management Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in Chongqing Province from January 2014 to December 2019. Cervical samples were conducted for HPV genotyping by testing through a flow cytometry-fluorescence hybridization test.Results All-inclusive HPV prevalence and infection rate in the Health Management Center was 22.3% and 14.4% respectively. Out of the total positive individuals, the rates of single and multiple infections were 77.5% and 22.5%, respectively (the rates of double infections, triple infections, and quadruple or more infections were 17.1%, 4.1%, and 1.3%, respectively). The most frequent genotypes for high risk (HR-HPV) were HPV 52, 16, 58, 53, 56, 39, and 18 in the same sequence, while the most frequent low risk (LR-HPV) genotypes were HPV 61, 81, 43, 44, and 6 in this sequence. For overall and multiple infections of HPV, two peaks for the frequencies were observed on age subgroup analysis, one of these peaks represented women group under 25 years, and the other represented that over 55 years of age.Conclusion Our survey showed that HPV prevalence among women in Chongqing was associated with age and was as high like in other large Chinese cities. Our data provide information for HPV screening and estimating vaccines in this region.