bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Braquiópodos misisípicos de los alrededores de Barcelona (Cadenas Costeras Catalanas, NE de España)
Authors: Martínez Chacón M. Luisa , Winkler Prins Cor F. , Sanz López Javier , Ferrer Enric , Magrans Josep
Published: September 2021

Se describe la sucesión estratigráfica del Carbonífero y se definen tres formaciones en varias localidades situadas en el sector septentrional de las Cadenas Costeras Catalanas. Se estudian los braquiópodos de la Formación El Papiol en capas de edad próxima al límite Viseense-Serpukhoviense. Los braquiópodos son relativamente escasos y se encuentran casi exclusivamente como moldes internos o externos, con una conservación incompleta, lo que ha obligado a utilizar nomenclatura abierta. Se han identificado los siguientes taxones: Drahanorhynchus cf. paeckelmanni, Globosochonetes? sp. Parmephrix? cf. aprathensis, Chonetipustula cf. concentrica, Martinia sp., Tomiopsis? sp., Kitakamithyris? sp., Phricodothyris? sp. y Plicotorynifer? sp. Las asociaciones de braquiópodos son comparables a las del Viseense en facies Culm del norte de Europa, especialmente de Alemania. La relación también es grande con algunas formaciones carboníferas de la Cordillera Cantábrica, destacando el elevado número de formas comunes con la Formación Ricacabiello del Bashkiriense. Los braquiópodos analizados en este trabajo son de pequeña talla y concha delgada y son interpretados, al igual que los de las facies Culm y los de las formaciones Vegamián y Ricacabiello y capas de transición Alba/Barcaliente, como indicativos de aguas calmas, en ambientes con escasos aportes terrígenos y fondo fangoso y blando. Los representantes del género Parmephrix se supone que pudieron haber vivido fijos sobre algún objeto duro, probablemente algún fragmento de concha existente en el fondo.
¿Cuántas especies de caballo hubo en una sola localidad del Pleistoceno mexicano?
Authors: Alberdi María Teresa , Arroyo-Cabrales Joaquín , Polaco Óscar J.
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo, se discute el número máximo de especies de Equus presentes en el Pleistoceno superior de la localidad arqueológica-paleontológica El Cedral, San Luis Potosí. Esta localidad está situada en una zona de matorral xerófilo de la llanura mexicana y es un depósito formado dentro de antiguos manantiales, que en ciertas épocas del año debieron dar lugar a lagunas. Fue excavado durante las décadas de los 70 y 80 y se observó una clara actividad de presencia humana alrededor de hace 30.000 años AP. Se obtuvo una fauna muy rica en mamíferos, más de 5.000 huesos fósiles, que incluye especies de ratones habitantes de bosques templados y un tapir de bosque tropical que no se conoce hasta la actualidad en ninguna localidad cercana. Hemos dispuesto de una muestra importante de restos de todas las partes del esqueleto, incluidos dientes y metápodos, que nos han permitido definir los rasgos más importantes de las formas de caballo de esta localidad. Se han realizado análisis estadísticos uni- y multivariantes cuyos resultados son discutidos en relación con la situación taxonómica de los distintos grupos obtenidos. Consideramos el nombre Equus mexicanus la asignación más apropiada para los caballos de tamaño grande, mientras que Equus conversidens parece ser el nombre correcto para los restos de talla intermedia. La determinación taxonómica de la especie de tamaño pequeño requiere de nuevos análisis, incluyendo restos de otras localidades, que se realizarán en un futuro trabajo.
Importancia de los yacimientos cretácicos de Cuevas de Portalrubio (Montalbán, Teruel)
Authors: Calonge García Amelia , López Carrillo Mª Dolores
Published: September 2021

En los afloramientos cretácicos de Cuevas de Portalrubio próximos a Montalbán (provincia de Teruel) ubicados en la Cordillera Ibérica se han identificado varias especies de Foraminíferos. Además, Manfred Reichel en 1936, describió los Alveolínidos: Praealveolina iberica y Praealveolina debilis. En este trabajo se recogen los datos históricos y las aportaciones biocronoestratigráficas obtenidas en estos afloramientos.
AVAILABILITY OF RSI IN BITCOIN TRANSACTIONS: A REVIEW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BEHAVIORAL FINANCE
Authors: Bartkus Česlovas , Tekin Bilgehan
Published: September 2021

BITCOIN has a different criterion than traditional systems that pay in states’ currencies. This payment system is a complex scheme designed to facilitate the transfer of value between the parties. In this study, firstly, brief information about technical analysis, BITCOIN and behavioral finance is given. Then, in the literature part of the study, studies on BITCOIN prices in the context of behavioral finance and technical analysis are given. In this study, it is examined Relative Strength Index (RSI) availability in Bitcoin transactions and evaluate in the context of behavioral finance findings. For describing the risk of trading in Bitcoin, were chosen Value at Risk (VaR) ratio. In application part of the study it is supposed 1 Bitcoin “Buy” orders were opened when RSI was under 30 and closed when RSI was above 70. And also, 1 Bitcoin “Sell” orders were opened when RSI was above 70 and closed when it was under 30. All obtained data from trades was used for revealing results on accuracy, total profitability. Positive trades were divided by total trades and multiplied by 100 for calculation of accuracy. Period of research is 2015-01-01 till 2019-08-31. As a result of the study we see the effects of biases in Bitcoin transactions. It is observed the examples of conservatism, over and underreaction, status quo effect and loss aversion. And also it is determined in this study that RSI works better in stable market when traders play safer. In other words, RSI works better when conservatism wins over overreaction.
CREATION AND USE OF THE YIELD CURVE ON THE BANJA LUKA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Grujić Miloš , Baškot Bojan
Published: September 2021

There has been a lot of talks lately about falling interest rates in all markets. The decline in interest rates is also evident in the domestic market. Such information and trends increase caution, especially in the corporate sector, which is not conducive to economic optimism. In support of the black premonitions that have been pointed out recently, the paper also highlights the appearance of “inverse” yield curves on the Banja Luka Stock Exchange. The yield curve represents the relationship between the interest rate (or loan cost) and the time to maturity of a given borrower in a given currency. By definition, there is no single yield curve that describes financing costs for all market participants. There are conventions that everyone adheres to when it comes to choosing instruments and general design principles. The interpretation of the yield curve is very complex because the yield curve takes into account investors’ expectations in terms of interest rates, but also inflation and political cycles because it is reflected as a risk premium for long-term investments. However, the details of the design methodology are characteristic of different institutional investors. The paper describes the methodology for constructing the yield curve of the Republic of Srpska. The range and limitations of using such a yield curve are then stated are also described. The subject of this paper is to create the yield curve in a domestic market and to analyze data from such views. The aim of the paper is to scientifically explain and describe the process of creating a curve for the yield of debt securities issued by the government and to analyze and interpret the data from that curve. The research question is: “Can the yield curve on the Banja Luka Stock Exchange be used behind the presentation of the yield on debt securities over the last decade?” Thus, the paper demonstrates the scope and limitations of this model while respecting the standards and specifics of business in the emerging market. The conclusion is that the yield curve on the Banja Luka Stock Exchange is a theoretical construction rather than an empirically verified fact, in contrast to the yield curve from developed markets, but that it can be used to represent the yield on debt securities and, indirectly, as an auxiliary tool in making investment decisions. Also, the yield curve of debt securities of the Republic of Srpska is a theoretical concept, but it is also noticeable in practice. Moreover, it is a desirable tool for both academia and practitioners and the general public.
Myopalladin knockout mice develop cardiac dilation and show a maladaptive response to mechanical pressure overload
Authors: Filomena Maria Carmela , Yamamoto Daniel L , Carullo Pierluigi , Medvedev Roman , Ghisleni Andrea , Piroddi Nicoletta , Scellini Beatrice , Crispino Roberta , D'Autilia Francesca , Zhang Jianlin , Felicetta Arianna , Nemska Simona , Serio Simone , Tesi Chiara , Catalucci Daniele , Linke Wolfgang A , Polishchuk Roman , Poggesi Corrado , Gautel Mathias , Bang Marie-Louise
Published: September 2021

Myopalladin (MYPN) is a striated muscle-specific immunoglobulin domain-containing protein located in the sarcomeric Z-line and I-band. MYPN gene mutations are causative for dilated (DCM), hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. In a yeast two-hybrid screening, MYPN was found to bind to titin in the Z-line, which was confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Cardiac analyses of MYPN knockout (MKO) mice showed the development of mild cardiac dilation and systolic dysfunction, associated with decreased myofibrillar isometric tension generation and increased resting tension at longer sarcomere lengths. MKO mice exhibited a normal hypertrophic response to transaortic constriction (TAC), but rapidly developed severe cardiac dilation and systolic dysfunction, associated with fibrosis, increased fetal gene expression, higher intercalated disc fold amplitude, decreased calsequestrin-2 protein levels, and increased desmoplakin and SORBS2 protein levels. Cardiomyocyte analyses showed delayed Ca2+ release and reuptake in unstressed MKO mice as well as reduced Ca2+ spark amplitude post-TAC, suggesting that altered Ca2+ handling may contribute to the development of DCM in MKO mice.
Age-dependent changes in protein incorporation into collagen-rich tissues of mice by in vivo pulsed SILAC labelling
Authors: Ariosa-Morejon Yoanna , Santos Alberto , Fischer Roman , Davis Simon , Charles Philip , Thakker Rajesh , Wann Angus KT , Vincent Tonia L
Published: September 2021

Collagen-rich tissues have poor reparative capacity that predisposes to common age-related disorders such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. We used in vivo pulsed SILAC labelling to quantify new protein incorporation into cartilage, bone, and skin of mice across the healthy life course. We report dynamic turnover of the matrisome, the proteins of the extracellular matrix, in bone and cartilage during skeletal maturation, which was markedly reduced after skeletal maturity. Comparing young adult with older adult mice, new protein incorporation was reduced in all tissues. STRING clustering revealed changes in epigenetic modulators across all tissues, a decline in chondroprotective growth factors such as FGF2 and TGFβ in cartilage, and clusters indicating mitochondrial dysregulation and reduced collagen synthesis in bone. Several pathways were implicated in age-related disease. Fewer changes were observed for skin. This methodology provides dynamic protein data at a tissue level, uncovering age-related molecular changes that may predispose to disease.
Subtipos del carcinoma luminal de mama según el consenso de Saint Gallen en un grupo de pacientes venezolanas
Authors: Fernández-Tortolero Ángel , Reigosa-Yániz Aldo
Published: September 2021

Introducción. El cáncer de mama es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en las mujeres de todo el mundo. Los distintos subtipos intrínsecos tienen pronósticos diferentes y su prevalencia varía significativamente según los criterios establecidos en el Consenso de Saint Gallen.Objetivo. Clasificar los subtipos luminales del carcinoma de mama en una población de pacientes venezolanas según los consensos de Saint Gallen del 2009, 2011, 2013 y 2015.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio retrospectivo en 209 pacientes con carcinoma ductal infiltrante de mama, atendidas en el Instituto de Oncología “Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño” de Valencia, Venezuela.Resultados. La distribución de los subtipos luminal A y B cambió después de reclasificar los casos según los consensos de 2011, 2013 y 2015; el subtipo luminal B fue el más común en la serie de estudio.Conclusiones. Mediante la clasificación basada en los últimos criterios de Saint Gallen, se determinó un número mayor de tumores luminales B, lo que ayudaría a seleccionar a aquellas pacientes que no requieran la quimioterapia adyuvante y a quienes puedan beneficiarse de la terapia hormonal adyuvante en la práctica clínica.
Sarcopenia y albúmina sanguínea: revisión sistemática con metaanálisis
Authors: Silva-Fhon Jack Roberto , Rojas-Huayta Violeta Magdalena , Aparco-Balboa Juan Pablo , Céspedes-Panduro Bernardo , Partezani-Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida
Published: September 2021

La sarcopenia se caracteriza por la pérdida de musculatura durante el envejecimiento, lo que puede traer consecuencias para la salud. Se detecta de diversas formas, una de ellas, el uso de biomarcadores sanguíneos como la albúmina, aunque todavía no se ha establecido dicha asociación de forma definitiva.Esta revisión sistemática y metaanálisis resume el conocimiento sobre la asociación entre sarcopenia y albúmina sérica en los adultos mayores, centrada en la etiología y los factores de riesgo. La revisión se hizo utilizando el programa del Joanna Briggs Institute y la búsqueda incluyó las bases de datos Medline, Embase, CINAHL, y LILACS; la búsqueda manual estuvo a cargo de dos revisores de forma independiente. Para el metaanálisis, se utilizó el programa EpiDat, versión 3.1; las diferencias de medias en los puntajes de lbúmina desagregados por sarcopenia se analizaron mediante el modelo de efectos aleatorios. El grado de heterogeneidad se evaluó con la prueba Q de DerSimonian y Laird.Se analizaron 630 artículos, de los cuales 14 se incluyeron en la revisión. En el metaanálisis, se evidenciaron mayores cantidades de albúmina sanguínea en los adultos mayores que no presentaron sarcopenia frente a los que sí, una diferencia con significación estadística. Aunque hay estudios en los que se explora la asociación entre albúmina y sarcopenia, persiste la necesidad de evaluar la asociación entre los marcadores biológicos, comparándolos entre sí para determinar cuáles pueden utilizarse en la detección de sarcopenia en el adulto mayor.
Worldwide evidence about infant stunting from a public health perspective: A systematic review
Authors: Rueda-Guevara Paola , Botero Tovar Natalia , Trujillo Kenny Margarita , Ramírez Andrea
Published: September 2021

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) global estimates for 2017, 9.6% of children under 5 years old are stunted. Worldwide evidence shows that actions for preventing stunting and catching-up growth are relevant if addressed by all the sectors involved. Therefore, there is a need to identify ‘intersectoral actions’ to address the risk of stunting during pregnancy and the first 2 years of life.Objective: To identify and describe worldwide evidence for prevention, nutritional interventions, and ‘intersectoral collaboration’ efforts against stunting in infants.Materials and methods: We conducted a systematic review in 2019 (PROSPERO CRD42019134431). The search included PubMed, OVID, and Web of Science, as well as WHO and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) official documents and expert recommendations.Results: We selected 231 studies: 86.1% described prevention-related factors, 30.7%, nutritional interventions, and 52.8% intersectoral collaboration efforts; 36.4% of the studies were conducted in multiple regions; 61% of the studies described the importance of interventions during pregnancy, 71.9% from birth up to 6 months old, and 84.8% from 6 months up to 2 years old. The most frequent variables described were antenatal care, nutritional counseling for the mother and the newborn, and counseling on micronutrient supplementation.Conclusions: Evidence-based understanding of actions geared towards monitoring the risk of stunting-associated factors from pregnancy up to 2 years old is critical.
Novel real-time PCR based assays for differentiating fall armyworm strains using four single nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Tessnow Ashley E. , Gilligan Todd M. , Burkness Eric , Placidi De Bortoli Caroline , Jurat-Fuentes Juan Luis , Porter Patrick , Sekula Danielle , Sword Gregory A.
Published: September 2021

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a polyphagous global pest with a preference for gramineous crops such as corn, sorghum and pasture grasses. This species is comprised of two morphologically identical but genetically distinct host strains known as the corn and rice strains, which can complicate pest management approaches. Two molecular markers are commonly used to differentiate between strains, however, discordance between these markers can lead to inconclusive strain identification. Here, we used double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing to identify diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with alleles unique to each strain. We then used these strain-specific SNPs to develop four real-time PCR based TaqMan assays to rapidly and reliably differentiate between strains and interstrain hybrids. These assays provide a new tool for differentiating between strains in field-collected samples, facilitating future studies on strain population dynamics and interstrain hybridization rates. Understanding the basic ecology of S. frugiperda strains is necessary to inform future management strategies.
Preliminary Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids for Grain Yield under Temperate Conditions
Authors: Nasseer Sabina , Rashid Zahida , Bashir Sabiya , Majeed Faisal Rasool Shabeena , Un-Nisa Seerat- , Iqbal Shahida , Habib Mehfuza , Nagoo Shahina , Dar Z. A.
Published: September 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal crop after wheat and rice. Improving maize production is considered to be one of the most important strategies for food security in the developing countries. The farmers in Kandi areas usually grow their own saved seed which comprises of composites and landraces due to which maize production in the area suffers due to low productivity. Considering this scenario, a number of hybrids were developed in order to improve yield and productivity in order to enhance their income. Hence evaluating the performance of hybrid maize genotypes in terms of yield in specific agro ecology is very crucial for horizontal expansion. The study was aimed to conduct the preliminary evaluation of 12 maize hybrids to determine their grain yields. The hybrids were ranked according to their superiority in yield over check.
Effects of scattered Faidherbia albida and Cordia africana Tree on Soil Properties under their Canopies in Fedis District, Easte Hararghe Zone, Oromia
Authors: Abdella Musa , Nigatu Lisanework
Published: September 2021

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of scattered trees under their canopies on soil fertility status at Fedis district, East Hararghe Zone, oromia, Ethiopia. Accordingly, six isolated and nearly identical Faidherbia albida and Cordia africana trees were selected and the canopy coverage of each tree was divided into four radial transects. Soil samples from three horizontal distances levels: 2.5m, 5m and 25m with two soil depths levels (0–20cm and 20-40cm) were taken for analysis of soil physical and chemical properties and tree species with two levels with factorial arrangement in RCBD replicated six times were employed. The result revealed soil texture was not influenced significantly (P>0.05) by tree species. Soil bulk density was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by both tree species. Soil moisture was significantly (p<0.05) higher under canopy of trees than open field and in surface than in subsurface soils. Soil chemical properties;- electric conductivity, organic carbon, organic matter, soil carbon stock, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable cation (Mg, Ca, Na and K) for surface and subsurface soil layers of under F.albida and C. africana trees were  significantly (p<0.05) higher in canopy than open field and in surface than subsurface. Soil pH was not significantly (p>0.05) influenced by both tree species. It can be concluded that these tree species have the potential to improve soil fertility beneath its canopy. This may be important for the agricultural landscape health and demonstrated the scattered trees to retain on crop fields to improve soil fertility status under its canopy and on farm biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes conditions.
Functional and Rheological Profile of LAB-fermented Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranean (L)) Flour
Authors: Chude C. O. , Nwagbo C. C. , Okpalanma E. F. , Uba B. O.
Published: September 2021

Lactic fermentation is commonly employed to improve protein digestibility and overall nutritional quality of grains foods. This study evaluated the functional and rheological properties of flour samples from Bambara groundnut fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum [NRRL B-4306] and Lactobacillus fermentum [NRRL B-1932] obtained from the United States Department of Agriculture. Functional profile such as particle size index, water absorption capacity, swelling capacity, and least gelation concentration of the flour were determined; as well, amylograph and maturograph evaluations were used to determine the rheological properties and the results presented as average, minimum, and maxi­mum values. Particle size determination observed that 150, 125, 105 µ orifice did not readily accommodate particles from the non-inoculated samples while the inoculated samples passed through 150 and 125 µ but did not readily pass through 105 µ orifice. Bioprocess with lactic acid bacteria increased the water absorption capacity of the flour samples from 346.5 to 386.4%, the least gelation concentration decreased from 5.3 to 4.1%, while swelling capacity increased from 14.9 to 23.2 mg/100 g for non-inoculated and inoculated flours, respectively. Rheological investigations show evaluations for amylograph and maturogram determinations. Values obtained for amylograph indicate that temperature at start of gelatinization was peak at 63.8 and 63.00C for non-fermented and LAB-fermented flour with no significant (p ˂ 0.05) difference, while temperature at maximum viscosity and maximum viscosity had significant (p ˂ 0.05) values of 92.1 and 76.00C, as well as 730 and 265 brabender units (BU), respectively. Thus, amylograph quality of the fermented flour sample was indicated by the maximum viscosity which is significantly higher in the case of non-inoculated flour sample. The maturograph evaluation also recorded the maturation behavior of the dough prepared from the test flours after the proofing time (fermentation rest) by means of a sensing probe which records the elasticity of the mature dough every 2 min and produces the typical zigzag form of the maturogram. This action was recorded in maturograph units (MU) on the strip-chart with values of 44 and 28 min for final proof time, 750 and 610 MU for dough level, 210 and 220 MU for dough elasticity, as well as 10 and 12 min for proofing stability, determined respectively for non-fermented and LAB-fermented flour samples. LAB-fermentation demonstrated to improve the functionality and rheology of Bambara groundnut flour and the production process could be further controlled to achieve products of optimal quality.
Carbamazepine drug reaction involving high fevers during the COVID-19 era
Authors: Heyman-Kantor Reuben , Perez Matthew , Phatak Arti , Anderson Danielle L
Published: September 2021

Carbamazepine has demonstrated anticonvulsant properties and is used for a variety of indications in psychiatry and neurology. Total daily doses typically range from 200 to 1200 mg/d, generally divided into 2 doses. Carbamazepine has a broad side-effect profile but is not typically thought to produce high fevers in the absence of a hypersensitivity syndrome. This is a case of a probable adverse drug reaction to carbamazepine consisting of fever without severe major organ involvement. In this instance, a patient in a manic episode with psychotic features was briefly transferred to a COVID-19 unit to rule out coronavirus infection before the fever resolved.
Graphic Cigarette Warning Labels, the First Amendment, and Public Right to Accurate Public Health Information
Authors: Curfman Gregory
Published: September 2021

Importance

The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act required the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue a rule requiring graphic warning labels depicting the health consequences of smoking for prominent placement on cigarette packages and advertising. The tobacco industry filed a lawsuit against the FDA claiming that the required graphic labels constituted compelled speech in violation of First Amendment speech rights, and courts ruled for the tobacco industry. Subsequently, the FDA thoroughly redesigned the graphic labels and issued a revised rule, but the tobacco industry immediately filed a similar lawsuit against the FDA again on First Amendment grounds.

Observations

This article examines the delicate balance between First Amendment speech rights vs the right of the public to receive truthful, accurate, and understandable public health information. The article argues that the newly designed warning labels should easily pass First Amendment analysis. The need for new warning labels on tobacco products and advertising is a critical public health intervention to promote greater public understanding of the negative consequences of cigarette smoking, especially among the young.

Conclusions and Relevance

The legal analysis in this article marshals arguments that the First Amendment does not prohibit the requirement of the new tobacco warning labels. Commercial speech receives First Amendment protection primarily for the benefit of the public (listeners) and not the tobacco industry (compelled speakers). The balance favors the right of the public to receive accurate information about critical health risks.
Flexible Metal Halide Perovskite Photodetector Arrays via Photolithography and Dry Lift‐Off Patterning
Authors: Xia Benzheng , Tu Min , Pradhan Bapi , Ceyssens Frederik , Tietze Max Lutz , Rubio-Giménez Víctor , Wauteraerts Nathalie , Gao Yujie , Kraft Michael , Steele Julian A. , Debroye Elke , Hofkens Johan , Ameloot Rob
Published: September 2021

Metal halide perovskites draw increasing attention as photodetector materials due to their strong visible light absorption and resulting photocurrent. The development of efficient fabrication routes to realize high‐resolution perovskite pixel arrays is critical to enable practical devices. Herein, a dry lift‐off process to fabricate methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) pixels on different substrates is reported, with a resolution down to 5 μm. Accordingly, 8 × 10 photodetector arrays are fabricated on both glass and flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These arrays show a sensitive photoresponse over a broad wavelength range from 320 to 760 nm. Moreover, when encapsulated by a Parylene‐C overlayer, the photodetector arrays on glass substrate show remarkable air stability, without noticeable performance loss after 10 days in ambient air, and the flexible photodetector arrays on PET substrate show excellent bending tolerance, retaining nearly 95% of the response after 170 bending cycles.
Materials Informatics Reveals Unexplored Structure Space in Cuprate Superconductors
Authors: Goodall Rhys E. A. , Zhu Bonan , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Lee Alpha A.
Published: September 2021

High‐temperature superconducting cuprates have the potential to be transformative in a wide range of energy applications. In this work, the corpus of historical data about cuprates is analyzed using materials informatics, re‐examining how their structures are related to their critical temperatures (Tc). The available data is highly clustered and no single database contains all the features of interest to properly examine trends. To work around these issues a linear calibration approach that allows the utilization of multiple data sources is employed, combining fine resolution data for which the Tc is unknown with coarse resolution data where it is known. The hybrid data set constructed enables the exploration of the trends in Tc with the apical and in‐plane copper–oxygen distances. It is shown that large regions of the materials space have yet to be explored. Novel experiments relying on the nano‐engineering of the crystal structure may enable the exploration of such new regions. Based on the trends identified it is proposed that single layer Bi‐based cuprates are good candidate systems for such experiments.
Exploiting Thermoplasmonic Effects for Laser‐Assisted Preparation of Au Nanoparticles/InZnO Thin Film with Visible Range Photodetection Properties
Authors: Lin Ching‐Fu , Khitous Amine , Zan Hsiao‐Wen , Soppera Olivier
Published: September 2021

Here, a new method is proposed for preparing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)/indium‐zinc‐oxide (IZO) nanocomposite thin films based on photothermal mechanisms with near‐Infrared (NIR) laser annealing, which allows integrating the nanomaterial on fragile substrates such as thin glass, plastic sheets, or 3D printed pieces. The Au NPs are first prepared by NIR laser dewetting of a thin Au layer. Then, the Au NPs are used to locally cure the semiconductor material and provide suitable electronic properties owing to their efficient thermoplasmonic effects under the NIR laser annealing conditions. Finally, the electronic properties of the Au NPs/IZO thin films are characterized in the dark and under light excitation. Good photoresponsivity at 410 nm (UV, >100 A W−1) is demonstrated, but interestingly, the presence of Au NPs significantly improves the detection ability to a longer wavelength range, such as to 515 nm (green, ≈5 × 10−3 A W−1), even extending to 630 nm (red, ≈5 × 10−4 A W−1), and 780 nm (NIR, ≈10−4 A W−1). In addition, with the critical evaluation of dynamic light detection and lifetime trace (>22 d), the laser‐annealed Au NPs/IZO photodetectors demonstrate useful operating reliability and stability.
Conductive Writing with High Precision by Laser‐Induced Point‐to‐Line Carbonization Strategy for Flexible Supercapacitors
Authors: Guo Heng , Yan Jianfeng , Jiang Lan , Qu Liangti , Yin Jiangang , Lu Jiangang
Published: September 2021

Flexible electronic technologies have broad development prospects. Fabrication of micro devices on flexible carbon precursors via laser carbonizing has the advantages of involving only one step, requiring no mask, and wide adaptability. It has attracted significant attention in recent years to fabricate micro devices on polyimide (PI) via laser carbonization. However, the precision of laser carbonization is low because large areas of the material are easily carbonized simultaneously. Thus, the fabrication of micro devices with high precision and narrow line widths via laser carbonization remains challenging. Herein, a laser‐induced carbonization method with point‐to‐line carbonization strategy is proposed and used to fabricate supercapacitors on PI. The carbon line width decreases from over 150 to below 10 µm using this method. High‐precision conductive writing is realized on PI. Carbon lines written by this method have low resistance and porous surface. Hence, these carbon structures are suitable as electrodes for supercapacitors. Supercapacitors with microscale electrode widths are fabricated using this method. This work demonstrates that the point‐to‐line strategy improves the precision of laser carbonization and provides an effective method for fabricating flexible electronics on polymers with high precision.
Access to Unsymmetrically Substituted Diaryl Gold N‐Acyclic Carbene (NAC) and N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes via the Isonitrile Route
Authors: Vethacke Vanessa , Claus Vanessa , Dietl Martin C. , Ehjeij Daniel , Meister Arne , Huber Jonas F. , Paschai Darian Leon K. , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: September 2021

A variety of unsymmetric diaryl gold N‐acyclic carbene (NAC) complexes was synthesized via the isonitrile route by three different methods: (a) solvent free in a melt, (b) mechanochemically and (c) in THF at room temperature. The latter method can also be used to synthesize unsaturated gold NHC complexes. These methods overall offer access to a broad array of new complexes and remove one of the previous limitations of the isonitrile route to NAC and NHC complexes of gold, namely the inability to react with the less nucleophilic aromatic amines. The new complexes also proved to be successful as pre‐catalysts in the gold‐catalyzed phenol synthesis.

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Is Organic Chemistry Really Growing Exponentially?
Authors: Szymkuć Sara , Badowski Tomasz , Grzybowski Bartosz A.
Published: September 2021

In terms of molecules and specific reaction examples, organic chemistry features an impressive, exponential growth. However, new reaction classes/types that fuel this growth are being discovered at a much slower and only linear (or even sublinear) rate. The proportion of newly discovered reaction types to all reactions being performed keeps decreasing, suggesting that synthetic chemistry becomes more reliant on reusing the well‐known methods. The newly discovered chemistries are more complex than decades ago and allow for the rapid construction of complex scaffolds in fewer numbers of steps. We study these and other trends in the function of time, reaction‐type popularity and complexity based on the algorithm that extracts generalized reaction class templates. These analyses are useful in the context of computer‐assisted synthesis, machine learning (to estimate the numbers of models with sufficient reaction statistics), and identifying erroneous entries in reaction databases.
The politics of funding universal healthcare: Diverting local tobacco taxes to subsidise the national health scheme in Indonesia
Authors: Ahsan Abdillah , Kramer Elisabeth , Adani Nadhila , Muhammad Askar , Amalia Nadira
Published: September 2021

In Indonesia, the national universal health coverage scheme (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional [JKN]) has consistently overspent against its budget since it was introduced in 2014. In 2017, a new regulation diverted 37.5% of tobacco tax revenue collected at the district and city level to the central government in order to increase government contributions to the JKN. Through a review of policy documents and interviews and focus group discussions with relevant stakeholders, this article explores the history of the JKN and its relationship to local tobacco taxes. Offering an ex‐post assessment of the policy and its implementation, we find it negative on three fronts: funding for local anti‐smoking initiatives and services was cut, the procedures for implementing the policy were complex and time‐consuming, and it did not contribute as much as anticipated to the JKN. These findings underscore potential pitfalls of politically motivated policy that fails to consider implementation and impact. We recommend that the policy be revoked, and local tobacco tax revenue reallocated to its initial purpose, which includes promoting local smoking prevention programs and health service delivery.
Effects of ApoE genotype on clinical phenotypes in early‐onset and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease in China: Data from the PUMCH dementia cohort
Authors: Dong Liling , Li Jie , Liu Caiyan , Mao Chenhui , Wang Jie , Lei Dan , Huang Xinying , Chu Shanshan , Hou Bo , Feng Feng , Sha Longze , Xu Qi , Gao Jing
Published: September 2021

Introduction

To investigate the heterogeneous effect of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype on clinical phenotypes in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), respectively.

Methods

785 probable AD patients were enrolled from the dementia cohort of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), China. There were 386 EOAD and 399 LOAD cases. All individuals finished history inquiry, neurological examination, blood biochemical test, neuropsychological screening test, electroencephalography, brain CT/MRI, and ApoE genotyping. Some participants had neuropsychological domain assessment (n = 317), MRI morphometry (n = 130), CSF testing of Aβ42, p‐tau, t‐tau (n = 144), or DNA sequencing (n = 690). The variables were compared mainly between ɛ4 carriers and non‐carriers in EOAD and LOAD, respectively.

Results

In LOAD, ɛ4 carriers showed female predominance; worse performance in trail making test, delayed recall of auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) and rey complex figure; smaller hippocampal, parahippocampal, and entorhinal volume, as compared to ɛ4 non‐carriers. In EOAD, ɛ4 carriers had lower scores in AVLT, episodic memory and modified Luria's tapping task; but less cortical atrophy in entorhinal, middle cingulate, inferior frontal, and parieto‐occipital regions, in comparison to ɛ4 non‐carriers. 6.2% (43/690) subjects harbored potential causative mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2. In both EOAD and LOAD, no differences were observed between ɛ4 carriers and non‐carriers in CSF levels of Aβ42, p‐tau, t‐tau, or mutation frequency.

Conclusions

ApoE exerts a heterogeneous effect on clinical phenotypes in EOAD and LOAD, which might be related to the different genetic and pathological basis underlying them.
Screening for Psychological Distress in Vietnamese Cancer Patients: An Evaluation of the Distress Thermometer
Authors: Nguyen Tien Quang , Do Tuyet Mai , Pham Tuan Anh
Published: September 2021

Background

Psychological distress is prevalent in patients with cancer, negatively affecting their treatment and quality of life. Clinical guidelines recommended screening all cancer patients routinely for psychological problems using simple measures such as the Distress Thermometer (DT) and Problem List (PL). This study is the first research in Vietnam to identify the optimal DT cutoff point to screen distress and the relationship with PL items among cancer patients.

Methods

300 cancer patients were recruited from 10 departments at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital (K hospital) and completed the DT and PL. Participants also completed the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) with standard cutoff scores for identifying significant depression and anxiety.

Results

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that a DT cutoff score of 4 had an area under the ROC curve of 0.81 and 0.82 using the PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 cutoff scores of 10 as the criterion, respectively. This indicated good overall accuracy. This cutoff also showed a sensitivity of 0.87 and 0.92 for PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 total score defined cases, respectively. Both specificity values were 0.58. In terms of the PL, 164 distressed patients (54.7%) reported significantly more emotional problems, family issues, and practical and physical problem, implying various causes contribute to psychological distress among cancer patients.

Conclusions

The study showed that the DT with a cutoff of 4 accompanied with PL is a simple and effective instrument compared to previous, longer measures commonly used to detect psychosocial distress in Vietnamese cancer patients. This cutoff point also identified patients with problems contributing towards distress.
Ir(III) and Ru(II) Complexes in Photoredox Catalysis and Photodynamic Therapy: A New Paradigm towards Anticancer Applications
Authors: Raza Md Kausar , Noor Aisha , Samantaray Paresh Kumar
Published: September 2021

Individually, photoredox catalysis (PC) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are well‐established concepts that have experienced a remarkable resurgence in recent years, leading to significant progress in organic synthesis for PC and clinical approval of anticancer drugs for PDT. But, very recently, new photoredox catalyst systems based on Ir(III) and Ru(II) complexes have garnered significant interest because they can simultaneously be used as PDT agents apart from their demonstrated PC activity. This highlight discusses the unique PC behavior of emerging Ir(III)‐ and Ru(II)‐based systems while also examining their potential PDT activity in cancer treatment.
Soft palate perforation from Glidescope® intubation: A case report
Authors: Oh Matthew W. , Yarmosh Alla , Francis David , Moon Tiffany S.
Published: September 2021

We highlight a potential major complication from GlideScope intubation—perforation of the soft palate. With increasing use of video laryngoscopy, precautions must be taken to ensure that its continued use does not increase airway complications.
Extraction of Ga(III) by Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)‐Modified XAD‐4 Resins Prepared by Solvent‐Nonsolvent Modification
Authors: Chen Jyh-Herng , Chang Yu-Hao , Hsu Kai-Chung , Lin Jing-Chie
Published: September 2021

Gallium (Ga) is one of the most important elements that are widely used in electronic devices. The development of Ga recovery technology is an important issue for resource recycling. In this study, di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)‐modified XAD‐4 resin (DMR) is prepared by the solvent‐nonsolvent method. The evolution of pore characteristics demonstrates that the solvent‐nonsolvent treatment is advantageous for the immobilization of D2EHPA in XAD‐4 resin. The adsorption isotherm of Ga(III) can be described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The Ga(III) adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo‐second‐order model. The immobilized D2EHPA shows good stability. The reusability study indicates that DMR can maintain the performance after three cycles of adsorption and stripping. The results for the treatment of a practical leaching solution from GaN/Al2O3 wafer further demonstrate that DMR can be applied effectively for Ga(III) recovery.
Head‐to‐head comparison of contemporary heart failure risk scores
Authors: Codina Pau , Lupón Josep , Borrellas Andrea , Spitaleri Giosafat , Cediel Germán , Domingo Mar , Simpson Joanne , Levy Wayne C. , Santiago‐Vacas Evelyn , Zamora Elisabet , Buchaca David , Subirana Isaac , Santesmases Javier , Diez‐Quevedo Crisanto , Troya Maria I. , Boldo Maria , Altmir Salvador , Alonso Nuria , González Beatriz , Rivas Carmen , Nuñez Julio , McMurray John , Bayes‐Genis Antoni
Published: September 2021

Aims

Several heart failure (HF) web‐based risk scores are currently used in clinical practice. Currently, we lack head‐to‐head comparison of the accuracy of risk scores. This study aimed to assess correlation and mortality prediction performance of Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC‐HF) risk score, which includes clinical variables + medications; Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM), which includes clinical variables + treatments + analytes; PARADIGM Risk of Events and Death in the Contemporary Treatment of Heart Failure (PREDICT‐HF) and Barcelona Bio‐Heart Failure (BCN‐Bio‐HF) risk calculator, which also include biomarkers, like N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP).

Methods and results

A total of 1166 consecutive patients with HF from different aetiologies that had NT‐proBNP measurement at first visit were included. Discrimination for all‐cause mortality was compared by Harrell's C‐statistic from 1 to 5 years, when possible. Calibration was assessed by calibration plots and Hosmer–Lemeshow test and global performance by Nagelkerke's R2. Correlation between scores was assessed by Spearman rank test. Correlation between the scores was relatively poor (rho value from 0.66 to 0.79). Discrimination analyses showed better results for 1‐year mortality than for longer follow‐up (SHFM 0.817, MAGGIC‐HF 0.801, PREDICT‐HF 0.799, BCN‐Bio‐HF 0.830). MAGGIC‐HF showed the best calibration, BCN‐Bio‐HF overestimated risk while SHFM and PREDICT‐HF underestimated it. BCN‐Bio‐HF provided the best discrimination and overall performance at every time‐point.

Conclusions

None of the contemporary risk scores examined showed a clear superiority over the rest. BCN‐Bio‐HF calculator provided the best discrimination and overall performance with overestimation of risk. MAGGIC‐HF showed the best calibration, and SHFM and PREDICT‐HF tended to underestimate risk. Regular updating and recalibration of online web calculators seems necessary to improve their accuracy as HF management evolves at unprecedented pace.
Forecasting unemployment in the euro area with machine learning
Authors: Gogas Periklis , Papadimitriou Theophilos , Sofianos Emmanouil
Published: September 2021

Unemployment has a direct impact on public finances and yields serious sociopolitical implications. This study aims to directionally forecast the euro‐area unemployment rate. To the best of our knowledge, no other studies forecast the euro‐area unemployment rate as a whole. The data set includes the unemployment rate and 36 explanatory variables, as suggested by theory and the relevant literature, spanning the period from 1998:4 to 2019:9 in monthly frequency. These variables are fed to three machine learning methodologies: decision trees (DT), random forests (RF), and support vector machines (SVM), while an elastic‐net logistic regression (logit) model is used from the area of econometrics. The results show that the optimal RF model outperforms the other models by reaching a full‐dataset forecasting accuracy of 88.5% and 85.4% on the out‐of‐sample.
Ediacaran‐Cambrian intra‐oceanic arc volcanic rocks in southern West Junggar, NW China: New constraints on the initial subduction of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean and migration of arc magmatism
Authors: Liao Wen , Han Bao‐Fu , Xu Yan , Li Ang
Published: September 2021

As numerous blocks of the Ediacaran‐Cambrian supra‐subduction zone ophiolites, seamounts, subduction‐related metamorphic rocks, and arc granitoids have been identified in the ophiolitic mélanges in the contiguous West Junggar (China) and Balkhash (Kazakhstan) area, the initial subduction of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean, a major branch of the southern Palaeo‐Asian Ocean is emerging as an interesting topic. In this study, we present new data from diabase and basalt xenoliths in an Ediacaran‐Early Cambrian quartz‐monzonite block within the Tangbale ophiolitic mélange and an isolated dacitic tufflava block within the Saleinuohai ophiolitic mélange in southern West Junggar, NW China, as another line of evidence for the Ediacaran initial subduction of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean and the Cambrian migration of arc magmatism in West Junggar. The diabase and dacitic tufflava yield concordant zircon U–Pb ages of 568 and 530 Ma, respectively. The diabase and basalt exhibit high Al2O3 (17.38–17.75 wt%) and low TiO2 (0.69–0.90 wt%), with Mg# = 47–55, whereas the dacitic tufflava is characterized by high Na2O (7.87–8.43 wt%), with Mg# = 46–49. All the samples display similar LREE and large‐ion lithophile element (LILE) enrichment and Nb, Ta, Ti, and varying Zr and Hf depletion, indicating that they were formed in an intra‐oceanic arc setting. An integration of the new and published data shows that the subduction of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean was initiated in the Late Ediacaran at least, followed by slab rollback and retreat of subduction zone, which would be responsible for the northward migration of arc magmatism.
Challenges in organizing a Belgian reference hospital to respond to the COVID‐19 pandemic: A case report
Authors: Van Slambrouck Louis , Wostyn Lieven , Hebbrecht Jan , Hellings Johan
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic resulted in an enormous influx of seriously ill patients in the hospitals worldwide. After its initial impact in Asia, Europe also suffered greatly. Caring for COVID‐19 patients whist maintaining treatment for patients with other conditions was a complex planning and management challenge. A series of interventions has been implemented to increase hospital capacity in response to the pandemic. Hospital provision interventions included the purchase of equipment, the establishment of additional hospital facilities and the redeployment of staff and other resources. Ensuring safe and high quality care to both COVID‐19 patients and those with other conditions was a crucial aspect of the Belgian response in this current health crisis.