bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Eu não sou sua princesa”: um diálogo entre mulheres
Authors: Vieira Fernanda
Published: April 2020

Partindo do pressuposto de que a luta das mulheres Indígenas não começa na invenção do feminismo e que, de fato, o conceito de feminismo vem da Europa, este artigo se propõe a dialogar brevemente sobre mulheres Indígenas, feminismos e literatura, através do poema da escritora Indígena Chrystos (1946), “Eu não sou sua princesa” (1988), por mim traduzido. Chrystos discorre sobre os estereótipos e expectativas projetados sobre as mulheres Indígenas na contemporaneidade enquanto resultado da homogeneização feita pelo entendimento feminista eurocêntrico que não as permite espaço enquanto mulheres Indígenas, mesmo quando versadas na cultura da branquitude. Grande parte da retórica do feminismo branco não reverbera nas mulheres Indígenas, mas isso não significa que todos os aspectos do feminismo branco são rejeitados, e as partes compartilhadas não tornam mulheres feministas menos Indígenas. O engajamento com as pautas étnicas, ecológicas e de soberania não apaga a pauta de gênero, resultando no acúmulo de camadas de opressão que precisam ser vencidas. Este trabalho propõe um olhar para o poema de Chrystos que vai além de um discurso feminista branco, propondo uma prática decolonial que seja capaz de produzir outros mundos possíveis e novas epistemes.
Tunable point defects in hydroxyl fused silica enabled by ultrashort laser pulses: photostimulated luminescence and functional module fabrication
Authors: Qian Jing , Wang Guande , Shen Danyang , Lou Kongyu , Fu Qiang , Xia Zhaoyuan , Zhao Quan-Zhong
Published: April 2020

Three kinds of point defects, SiE’ center (≡ Si·), unrelaxed oxygen deficiency center (ODC (II)) and non-bridging oxygen hole center (≡ Si−O·, NBOHC), have been generated in hydroxyl fused silica by ultrashort pulsed laser irradiation. Hydroxyl is proved to be a decisive component for defect producing: NBOHC originates directly from hydroxyl; Hydroxyl facilitates the generation of SiE’ in an indirect way; No obvious relevance could be built between ODC (II) and hydroxyl. By improving hydroxyl content to 1000 ppm, NBOHC becomes the dominant defect species and its red luminescence is hence discernible to naked eye. Intended for application, high hydroxyl fused silica is screened out as the desired candidate, and NBOHC becomes the final interested defect. NBOHC’s intrinsic features of lifetime and temperature stability and extrinsic properties of laser condition dependence are specifically and systematically investigated. Prospective use of defect manipulation and fabrication in one-chip exploited for anti-counterfeiting and lab-on-a-chip is also discussed.
Charge stability of nitrogen-vacancy color centers in organic nanodiamonds
Authors: Alkahtani Masfer , Hemmer Philip
Published: April 2020

The negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond undergoes stochastic charge state transitions between the negatively charged state (NV−) and the neutral charged state (NV
o
) upon optical illumination. While the negative charge state is normally preferred for magnetic sensing, optically-controlled switching between charges states is often desirable, for example in super-resolution imaging. The concentration of electron donor impurities in (bulk/nano) diamond crystals determine how much optical control can be exercised over the NV− and NV
o
charge states. Here we report how the growth speed of nanodiamonds (NDs) can control the concentration of substitutional nitrogen (P1) donors, ranging from highly pure to highly doped diamond. Hence by growth temperature, it is possible to tune the stability of the NV charge state to optimally match the intended application. This work has many promising bio-sensing applications, especially for super-resolution magnetic-sensing with the NV color center.
SISTEM MANAJEMEN PENGADAAN LABORATORIUM: ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN SISTEM DARI PERSPEKTIF STAKEHOLDER
Authors: Soesanto Rayinda Pramuditya
Published: April 2020

Dalam fase merancang sistem informasi, terutama pada sistem informasi manajemen, menambahkan perspektif pelanggan merupakan hal yang mendasar. Dari sektor edukasi terutama universitas, laboratorium bertindak sebagai bagian utama dari aktivitas universitas. Aktivitas laboratorium seperti praktikum dan kegiatan administratif lainnya seringkali membutuhkan banyak waktu untuk mempersiapkannya terutama dalam proses pengadaan, tetapi dalam kenyataan proses pengadaan dari laboratorium membutuhkan usaha dan waktu lebih serta pihak laboratorium pun tidak dapat melacak kondisi dari proses pengadaan bagian logistik fakultas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan memprioritaskan voice of customer dalam merancang sistem manajemen pengadaan menggunakan dimensi kualitas informasi. Metode Waterfall digunakan dalam fase pengembangan dan focus group discussion dilaksanakan untuk melakukan pengurutan voice of customer. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Rekayasa Industri Universitas Telkom. Hasil dari focus group discussion menyarankan agar “Service performance is reliable”, “Information is realtime” dan “The Information System help organizational business process” sebagai tiga hal teratas yang harus diprioritaskan dalam merancang sistem manajemen pengadaan laboratorium. Penelitian lebih lanjut yang dapat dilakukan adalah merancang sistem pengadaan laboratorium berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini.  Abstract[Title: laboratory Procurement System: A Requirement Analysis from stakeholder perspective] In the designing phase of the information system, especially management information system, adding the customer point of view is an essential part. In educational sector especially in the university, laboratory acts as the main part of universities activity. Activity in the laboratory process often needs a lot of time to prepare especially in the procurement process, but in reality, the process of procurement from laboratory takes a lot of effort and time and the laboratory unable to track down the status of the procurement to Faculty Logistic. This research purpose is to determine and prioritize the voice of the customer in designing laboratory asset management system by using quality dimension for information. Waterfall method is used for the development phase and focuses group discussion is being held for ranking the voice of the customer. This research is conducted in the School of Industrial Engineering Telkom University. The result suggest that “Service performance is reliable”, “Information is real-time” and “The Information System help organizational business process” are the top three that must be prioritized in designing the laboratory asset management system. Keywords: Laboratory; Requirement Analysis; E-Procurement; Voice of Customers
The Russia Connection
Authors: Batta Anna , Ishiyama John
Published: April 2020

What explains receptivity of citizens in the post-communist world to Russian influence? popular attitudes in Central and Eastern Europe about Russia's role in the world and seeks to find answers to the question: does ideology or economic factors most influence support for Russia in post-communist Central and Eastern Europe? We use survey data from the Pew Research Center (2017) to assess the drivers for popular support of Russia. We find that the primary driver of individual-level support of Russia is political attitudes associated with the Far Right, but that this relationship also varies by country.
Проблеми соціально-психологічної адаптації курсантів національної гвардії України до навчання
Authors: Пенькова Наталя , Шевченко Вікторія
Published: April 2020

У статті розкрито поняття «адаптація», «соціально-психологічна адаптація», «професійна адаптація». Проаналізовано основні підходи до виокремлення основних проблем соціально-психологічної адаптації. Розглянуто етапи соціально-психологічної адаптації. Описано етапи адаптації які притаманні саме курсантам. Виділено зовнішні та внутрішні фактори професійної адаптації. Перераховано складові професійної адаптації. Зроблено висновки в яких висвітлено основні проблеми, які заважають курсантам швидко адаптуватися до умов навчання.
Тематичний аналіз як якісний метод у феміністичних дослідженнях
Authors: Заграй Лариса
Published: April 2020

У статті розглядається проблема дослідження гендерного досвіду особистості. Розкривається питання необхідності нової методології, теорії пізнання гендеру. Феміністична методологія, зокрема постфеміністична трактується як альтернативна методологія дослідження гендерного досвіду особистості. Розглядаються чотири епістемологічні вектори – феміністичний емпіризм, позиціонізм, постмодернізм і соціальний конструкціонізм. Для дослідження багатогранності, неоднорідності та множинності досвіду найбільш придатним визначається соціально-конструкціоністський вектор. Актуалізується проблема застосування якісних методів у феміністичній методології як основних інструментів дослідження гендерного досвіду. Окреслюється тематичний аналіз як один із провідних якісних методів дослдження досвіду у соціально-конструктивістській парадигмі.
Development and use of Digital Technology when Studying of Environment
Authors: A.I. Gavrishin
Published: April 2020

The aim of the research is to show the possibilities of using digital classification technology in the study of patterns of formation of natural-anthropogenic systems. With the help of the original digital computer classification technology, AGAT-2 identified the types of chemical composition of mine waters in the Eastern Donbass and assessed their impact on the environment. All surveyed periods (20 years, 1966, 1992 and 2015) discovered four main types of composition of mine waters. The first type is the acidic sulphate water with high concentrations of metals Which causes the most heavy environmental pollution. The second type is formed by chloride-sulphate waters, the third by sulfatechloride to a lesser extent enriched with metals. The fourth type is formed by soda water, which may indicate the presence of oil fields in the region. An assessment of pollution of groundwater and surface water is given.
Technical and economic efficiency of the use of foundations in rammed pits according to sounding data during dynamic tests
Authors: Galimnurova Olga , Galimnurov Ilya , Samofeev Nikita , Harisova Regina
Published: April 2020

The construction of foundations is one of the material-intensive and time-consuming areas in the practice of construction. The attempt to reduce material consumption and laboriousness helps to improve the variability of choice among foundations in rammed pits. Due to soil compaction and increase of its bearing capacity, this type of foundations allows to reduce material consumption, just as concreting without formwork – to reduce the laboriousness of the work. Foundation pits are not excavated, but rammed to the required depth by tamping, followed by concreting of the formed foundation pit or with the installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements.

The article describes the method of dynamic control of the bearing capacity of foundations in rammed pits according to the technological parameters of ramming in different soil conditions (from semi-solid to soft plastic consistency) and contains empirical values and formulas.

The authors show the basic conditions for the formation of pit rams, the formed zones and changes in the properties of soils and their texture, strength indicators, providing sufficient safety for building structures.

The advantage of using foundations in rammed pits is ensured by the combined effect of their implementation, where its value heavily depends on specific construction conditions and can be achieved by: reducing the cost of design and survey work; when choosing the least costly structural solution to the foundations; a significant reduction in labor costs during the construction and installation work of the zero cycle of buildings for various purposes. The authors tested the results of this research during the construction of the facilities of OJSC “Neftmontazh” and the cumulative effect of the use of rammed pits in the amount of more than 700 thousand rubles was achieved.
Version of the deformation theory of plastic ductility of concrete in a plane stress state
Authors: Kruglov Valeriy , Erofeev Vladimir , Vatin Nikolay , Al-Dulaimi Salman Dawood Salman
Published: April 2020

Reinforced concrete as one of the main materials for a wide class of building structures for civil, industrial and transport purposes has a number of specific properties: physical nonlinearity, anisotropy, and crack formation. The behavior of reinforced concrete in the elastoplastic stage before its destruction is more characterized by deformation of concrete. It is shown that the physical nonlinearity of concrete is due to plastic deformations, which are characteristic of various types of stress state. For a triaxial stress state, the system of equations in the mechanics of a deformable solid, it includes two groups of formulas that combine nine equations that include 15 unknowns (three displacements, six strain components, and six stress components). In order for the system to be closed, it is necessary to supplement it with six equations. Such equations are the basic physical relationships that relate the six stress components to the six strain components. The use of linear relationships between stresses and strains introduces the greatest error in the assessment of the stress-strain state (NDS) of structures made of materials with the properties of nonlinearly deformable bodies. In this regard, the more correctly the physical law defining the correlation reflects the material, according to which the material resists various types of deformations, the less error will be allowed in the assessment of the NDS of structures. The article proposes a new approach to the construction of basic physical relationships based on an invariant solution to the problems of mechanics of a deformable solid for concrete in a plane stress state. The correspondence of the proposed dependences to the real stress and deformable state of the material is shown.
Experience of application of the measuring complex «Measurement System for testing permanent bridges» to determine the possibility of passing on permanent bridges of superheavy loads
Authors: Lugovtsev Evgeny , Erofeev Michael
Published: April 2020

The article presents the experience of using the measuring complex SI-PPM 15N1955 to determine the possibility of passing on permanent bridges of superheavy loads used by military engineers.

The first part of the article substantiates the need to examine a large number of bridges of various designs on the routes of exit and maneuver of the troops, which in turn puts before the engineering service of associations and connections serious tasks to determine the load capacity of artificial structures on roads. In the 2000s, specialists of the Military engineering Academy and the Moscow Institute of heat engineering developed a unified method for determining the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beam bridges, which was implemented by STC «Technical diagnostics and precision measurements» in a portable measurement system to check the permanent bridges SI-PPM 15N1955.

The basis for the creation of SI-PPM is the calculation and experimental method of operational (on-site testing) determination of the state of the load-bearing structures of permanent bridges, using multi-channel measurements of angular and corresponding vertical movements of various sections of the main beams of superstructures from the impact of mobile test load. Unlike traditional methods of measuring deflections unacceptable in complexity and time of the survey of permanent bridges for the passage of modern missile systems.

The main part of the article describes the measurement system.

The bearing capacity of a particular bridge span is determined in the calculation program «Bridge» (the structure is presented in the article), which is part of the system. To determine the possibility of skipping the unit for a specific span of the bridge, the calculation program uses the angles of rotation of the main beams of the bridge near the supports from the impact of the mobile test load on the span, the arrangement of the wheels and the weight on the axes for the test load and the unit as the initial data. To learn how to operate the measuring system SI-MRP developed program simulator.
Estimated justification of the bearing capacity of the lining when opening auxiliary workings in conditions of local freezing of the rock mass
Authors: Koval Sergey , Pestryakova Ekaterina , Piskunov Aleksandr , Kiselev Feodor , Erofeev Mihail , Sonin Aleksandr , Beterbiev Adam
Published: April 2020

For performance of works on the device of tunnel constructions in the conditions of the water-saturated unstable soils having character floating, their stabilization and strengthening is provided. During the construction of combined ventilation and technological failure of the existing subway, planned for the production of construction and installation works by mining in water-saturated fine Sands, provides for the implementation of measures to freeze the soil mass. For the safe construction of the workings of the decision on the implementation of the calculations and mathematical modeling of the impact on the lining and tongue and groove fencing in the production of works for freezing, opening the lining and thawing of the soil array. The article presents the results of analytical studies of the state of the rock sand massif in freezing conditions. The algorithm of numerical realization of the spatial inelastic problem using the method of finite differences and finite elements of MacCormack of the second order for dynamic problems is used and implemented to calculate the structure on mechanical effects. The finite element method is used in the Lagrange formulation of dynamic and static problems. The model of concrete and soil, described by the theory of plastic flow for shear, taking into account the rate of loading under volumetric deformation, is applied. To solve static (quasi-static problems), the method of establishing an explicit implementation or a quasi-static method in the absence of inertial terms is used. The layered two-phase medium, each layer of which is homogeneous and isotropic, is considered. This medium simulates the behavior of water-saturated soil, one phase of which is in the melt, and the other in the frozen state.
Providing lighting characteristics of lightness, brightness and sharpness of road markings
Authors: Pugin Konstantin
Published: April 2020

Currently, as the lighting characteristics of road markings used indicators of reflection and color. The indicator of light reflection when measured by a reflectometer is normalized as an absolute value, however, the perception of the driver and other road users (pedestrians, wheelchair users, cyclists) of road markings is carried out by means of vision relative to the surrounding background. Meanwhile, there is virtually no applicable regulatory document GOST 26824-86 Buildings and structures. Methods of measuring brightness, which establishes methods for measuring the brightness of working surfaces in buildings and structures, road surfaces of streets, roads and squares, facades of buildings and structures to determine its compliance with established standards. It is proposed to introduce into the regulatory framework for road markings indicators of brightness, contrast and sharpness.
Evolução de casos confirmados de COVID-19 em cinco países com transmissão comunitária da doença
Authors: ALBUQUERQUE NILA , Pedrosa Nathália
Published: April 2020

Diante da pandemia atual causada pela COVID-19, o estudo objetiva comparar a evolução de casos confirmados de COVID-19 em cinco países com transmissão comunitária da doença. Trata-se de estudo de séries temporais que incluiu  casos confirmados de COVID-19 nos países: Brasil, China, Espanha, Estados Unidos e Itália. O período de análise compreendeu a data da confirmação do centésimo caso no país até o 42º dia de disseminação da doença, ou intervalo menor nos territórios que ainda não haviam alcançado esse estágio. Os dados foram segregados em períodos de sete dias e então foram calculados coeficientes de detecção por país por semana, além de média e a diferença de média entre os locus. No período estudado, foram registrados 9.114 casos confirmados no Brasil até o 21º dia, 79.251 na China até o 42º dia, 131.646 na Espanha até o 35º dia, 186.979 nos Estados Unidos até o 28º dia e 124.632 na Itália até o 42º dia. A evolução do número de casos confirmados mostra aumento da discrepância entre os países nas semanas posteriores ao marco inicial, tendo os Estados Unidos como maior número de casos. A Espanha possui os maiores coeficientes de detecção de casos e a China estabilizou seu coeficiente abaixo de 5 casos/100.000 hab. após o 29º dia. Também houve mudança no padrão da média de casos confirmados ao longo do período, com diferença de média estatisticamente significante entre os países na terceira semana de análise. A pandemia do COVID-19 avança de forma diferente no países estudados.
Adapter ligation with AMII v1
Authors: Quick Josh
Published: April 2020

This is a subprotocol for performing adapter ligation with AMII
How to set up a protocol hackaton for your team v1
Authors: Ambassadors protocols.io
Published: April 2020

Communicate and collaborate effectively with protocols.io. Research data and protocols will never leave the team, even if a person does. With protocols.io it is fast and easy to find the information that you want— a central place for all of your scientific data. If your team is planning to start using protocols.io, a protocol hackathon is a great way to get everyone on board. Protocol hackathons are fun as the entire team works on getting their protocols up on protocols.io at the same time rather than every team member trying to do it at a time by themselves. A protocol hackathon can take place remotely or in person. This protocol gives you a great overview how you can go about setting up a protocol entry session (hackathon) for your team.
Data Preparation Protocol for ODAM Compliance v1
Authors: Jacob Daniel
Published: April 2020

ODAM (Open Data for Access and Mining) is an Experiment Data Table Management System (EDTMS) that implements a simple way to make research data broadly accessible and fully available for reuse, including by script languages such as R and Python. The main purpose is to make a dataset accessible online with minimal effort from the data provider, and to allow any data scientists or researchers to be able to explore the dataset and then extract a subpart or the totality of the data according to their needs. The purpose of this protocol is to describe all the steps involved in collecting, preparing and annotating the data from an experiment associated with an experimental design (DoE) that will then allow the user to benefit from the services offered by ODAM. The overall approach is based on good data management practices concerning data structuring and the description of structural metadata. Indeed, ODAM allows to put metadata in depth, i.e. at the level of the data itself (i.e. metadata at column-level such as factors, variables,...) and not only as a "hat" on the data set. Thus, having the actual data elements also machine-readable make the dataset of a higher level of interoperability and makes functional interlinking and analysis in broader context much easier.
RELEVANSI NILAI INFORMASI NON KEUANGAN
Authors: Cantika Resa , Suryadi Ryan , Adi Prawira Ida Farida , Nasim Arim
Published: April 2020

Laporan keuangan dianggap tidak cukup untuk menjadi dasar informasi bagi investor dalam proses pengambilan keputusan ekonomi. Diperlukannya informasi tambahan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Relevansi nilai informasi laporan keuangan dapat ditingkatkan jika dikombinasikan dengan informasi non keuangan. Artikel ini mengkaji beberapa artikel penlitian sebelumya yang dilakukan di berbagai negara yang memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda  mengenai pengaruh informasi non keuangan terhadap relevansi nilai dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh informasi non keuangan terhadap nilai relevansi perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu deskriptif analitik dengan sumber referensi yang berasal dari jurnal ilmiah yang berhubungan dengan relevansi nilai pada informasi non keuangan. Artikel ilmiah yang digunakan sebagai referensi utama adalah lima artikel. Hasil kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah bahwa tidak semua informasi non keuangan memiliki relevansi nilai. Jenis informasi non keuangan yang dapat dikendalikan langsung oleh perusahaan dianggap memiliki relevansi dengan nilai perusahaan, begitupun sebaliknya. Artikel ini diharapkan mampu memicu bagi peneliti lain untuk meniliti lebih jauh mengenai peranan serta hubungan informasi non-keuangan terhadap relevansi nilai atau hal lainnya. Keterbatasan dari artikel ini adalah sedikitnya jumlah artikel yang digunakan sebagai sampel.
CELEBRITY ENDORSER SEBAGAI ATTENTION GETTING DEVICE DALAM MENINGKATKAN BRAND RECALL
Authors: Hendrayati Heny , Virginia Reggina , Achyarsyah Mochamad , Mulyana Yadi
Published: April 2020

Setiap hari manusia pasti melihat iklan di sekitarnya. Entah itu berupa iklan cetak maupun iklan elektronik. Namun, karena manusia memiliki keterbatasan dalam menerima informasi, maka ia akan menyaring informasi yang ia terima. Mengacu dari teori tersebut kedalam pemasaran, karena terlalu banyaknya melihat iklan, seorang konsumen akan menyaring informasi mana saja yang sekiranya penting atau tidak. Hal ini menyebabkan recall dari suatu brand rendah. Oleh sebab itu, attention-getting device dibutuhkan agar orang yang melihat iklan itu merasa tertarik dengan iklan yang ditampilkan dan pesan yang disampaikan dalam iklan tersampaikan dengan baik sehingga produk yang dipasarkan dapat diingat oleh konsumen dan dapat menyebabkan recall yang tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan antara related dan unrelated celebrity endorser pada iklan, serta untuk mengetahui apakah related dan unrelated celebrity endorser berpengaruh terhadap brand recall. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis Mann-Whitney U-Test, analisis regresi, dan korelasi dengan menggunakan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara related celebrity endorser dan unrelated celebrity endorser. Namun keduanya berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan brand recall.
Relationship Between Urolithiasis and Fatty Liver Disease: Findings in Computed Tomography
Authors: Lubinus Badillo Federico Guillermo , Ortiz Cala Oscar Leonel , Vera Campos Silvia Nathalia , Villarreal Ibañez Erick Daniel
Published: April 2020

There are no studies that allow a joint diagnostic or therapeutic intervention for the treatment of fatty liver and urolithiasis, perhaps because it is not known if there is an association between these 2 diseases. We aimed to identify a relationship between renal lithiasis and fatty liver disease by examining for common factors that could be used to reduce their incidence and complications. Our study supports the association of fatty liver and urolithiasis. Given the increase in frequency of these 2 diseases, we believe there is a common pathway within the malabsorptive and metabolic syndromes, thus leading for a new field of research to find a mechanism that allows timely interventions.
Evaluating Pre-Service Teaching Practice for Online and Distance Education Students in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah Nauman , Sultana Mirza Munawar
Published: April 2020

In addition to conventional modes, teacher education programs in Pakistan are also offered through online and distance education. Teaching practice is a significant component of pre-service teacher education programs. Assessing the quality of teaching practice for pre-service student teachers is important, as these modules train the prospective teachers for their professional teaching careers. Virtual University of Pakistan (VU), an online university, offers pre-service teacher education programs. This research is an investigation into the learning opportunities and practices of VU student teachers in their teaching practice modules. Students enrolled in different teacher education programs served as the population of this study. Those in the fall 2018 semester who were enrolled in teaching practice modules were selected as a sample. Data sources included lesson plans prepared, lessons delivered, administrative and co-curricular duties performed by the students, as well as evaluation reports by supervisors, cooperating teachers, and school principals. There were improvements in the student teachers’ lesson plan formation and their overall learning. Data obtained through personal visits by VU faculty was used to verify and assess actual classroom teaching. Lack of regular attendance and punctuality by student teachers was observed as a result. Internal review of the VU system as it relates to the teaching practice modules was conducted to address any shortcomings in the course(s), its procedures, and its controls. Recommendations for improving the system, such as grading the modules, peer-assessment, and orientation workshops for student teachers are provided, as well as suggestions for developments in the teaching practice modules themselves.
Epigénétique et construction du phénotype, un enjeu pour les productions animales ?
Authors: JAMMES H. , RENARD J.P.
Published: April 2020

L’épigénétique analyse les changements héritables de l’activité génique sans modification du patrimoine génétique nucléaire. Elle s’intéresse aux processus moléculaires qui modifient l’architecture de la chromatine, sélectionnant l’information génétique et contribuant à l’établissement des patrons d’expressions génique. Nous montrons à l’appui de données publiées que l’apposition des marques épigénétiques est séquentielle, réversible et/ou héritable. Ces marques peuvent être analysées et quantifiées finement à haut débit pour caractériser «l’épigénome;». L’analyse fonctionnelle des régulations épigénétiques conduit à mettre en avant les notions de flexibilité et de robustesse. La flexibilité est patente lors de l’établissement d’une identité cellulaire (pourquoi toutes les cellules d’un même individu ne traitent elles pas l’information génétique de la même manière) et pour l’adaptation de l’individu à son environnement, le destin des abeilles devenant reines ou ouvrières en est un bon exemple. Mais le maintien de l’épigénome en l’état est tout aussi essentiel au bon développement des organismes impliquant a contrario, une robustesse des marques épigénétiques, cas des gènes soumis à empreinte parentale. La flexibilité des marques épigénétiques permet une adaptation transitoire à des modifications environnementales ; la robustesse révèle des possibilités d’adaptation à plus long terme, synonymes de stabilité des marques, dans certaines situations sur plusieurs générations. Cet article vise ainsi à montrer l’importance des processus épigénétiques dans le fonctionnement des génomes et avance l’idée qu’il serait judicieux d’intégrer les données moléculaires sur les états de l’épigénome dans les schémas de sélection dans une optique de maintien d’un développement durable de l’élevage.
Vers des définitions opérationnelles de la robustesse s’appuyant sur des faits biologiques. L’exemple de la nutrition.
Authors: FRIGGENS N.C. , SAUVANT D. , MARTIN O.
Published: April 2020

Cette publication aborde quelques questions-clés liées à la robustesse (la capacité d’un animal à s’adapter aux perturbations liées à l’environnement) qu’il convient de considérer quand on en recherche des définitions opérationnelles. Le plus souvent les définitions simples (facile à mesurer) de la robustesse ne correspondent pas à l’intégralité du phénomène biologique sous-jacent. Une méta-analyse des réponses sécrétoires des composants énergétique du lait (lactose, protéine, lipides) à l’apport d’énergie montre que la réponse zootechnique (à partir de laquelle on souhaite définir la robustesse) à un challenge donné comprend des composantes qui ne répondent pas de la même façon. Ainsi, pour aboutir à une meilleure compréhension, la réponse de la sécrétion d’énergie doit être décomposée en ses composantes biologiques explicatives. Dans ce contexte, la distinction entre caractère biologique et critère mesuré est importante.
Il est possible de fournir une définition opérationnelle de la robustesse à partir de cinétiques de mesures multicritères. Pour ceci, il faut extraire, pour chaque critère mesuré, la « trace » du phénomène biologique sous-jacent (par exemple un décrochage de production laitière comme témoin d’un aspect du phénomène d’infection de la mamelle), et puis combiner les différentes traces qui reflètent les différents aspects du phénomène biologique sous-jacent (infection de la mamelle). L’approche est illustrée à partir deux exemples : 1) Un lissage différentiel pour extraire le décrochage de production laitière ; 2) La construction d’une cinétique de degré d’infection en partant des cinétiques d’un jeu d’indicateurs. Dans cette exemple, la méthode est appliquée à ces indicateurs, mais l’approche est censée être générique et utilisable pour d’autres phénomènes biologiques et d’autres indicateurs. Il apparaît ainsi possible de mettre en avant des définitions opérationnelles de la robustesse et de mettre au point des méthodes pour la quantifier sur le terrain.
Évolution des performances et de la robustesse des animaux en élevage porcin
Authors: DOURMAD J.Y. , CANARIO L. , GILBERT H. , MERLOT E. , QUESNEL H. , PRUNIER A.
Published: April 2020

L’analyse de l’évolution des performances des élevages porcins français indique une amélioration nette de la productivité numérique des truies, sans qu’il y ait eu de détérioration de leur longévité, et bien que la mortalité des porcelets se soit légèrement accrue. Cette amélioration des performances s’explique à la fois par l’obtention de progrès génétiques et par la sophistication des pratiques d’élevage. La question est toutefois posée de la capacité des truies et des porcelets à faire face aux nombreux changements biologiques qui sous-tendent l’amélioration de ces performances. Chez la truie, on a ainsi pu identifier deux problèmes essentiels : la faiblesse des aplombs et la difficulté accrue des animaux à couvrir leurs besoins nutritionnels. Chez les porcelets, la question de la compétition pour les nutriments entre les individus d’une même portée, in utero et durant la lactation, se pose de façon marquée dans les grandes portées, conduisant à un accroissement de la variabilité du développement et de la mortalité. Les performances d’engraissement des porcs se sont également améliorées, mais on note toujours, pour certains caractères, un écart important entre les résultats des élevages et le potentiel génétique, ce qui semble indiquer des problèmes d’adaptation. La sensibilité des porcs aux maladies d’origine multifactorielle constitue sûrement aujourd’hui l’un des facteurs les plus limitants dans les élevages. En termes de perspectives, les questions liées à la robustesse doivent être appréhendées à la lumière des évolutions attendues des systèmes d’élevage et des réglementations. La recherche d’animaux plus autonomes, résistant mieux aux maladies et capables de valoriser des ressources alimentaires plus diversifiées et moins en compétition avec l’alimentation humaine, fait partie des pistes à envisager.
COVID-19 Testing: Challenges, Limitations and Suggestions for Improvement
Authors: Hu Emily
Published: April 2020

Reliable methods to confirm the diagnosis of COVID-19 are essential to the successful management and containment of the virus. Current diagnostic options are limited in type, supply, and reliability. This article explores the controversial unreliability of existing diagnostic methods and maintains that more reliable diagnostic methods, combinations, and sequencing are necessary to effectively assist in reducing the occurrence of discharge of the patient on false negative test results. This reduction would in effect reduce transmission of the disease.
Completion Fluid-Loss Control Using Particulates
Authors: Johnson M. H.
Published: April 2020

Water soluble organic polymers such as hydroxethyl cellulose have been used to slow the leak-off rate of clear brines into permeable formations. Fluid loss or leak-off, however, can only be effectively controlled by bridging the pore openings with rigid or semi-rigid particles of sufficient size and number. Production engineers have been reluctant to use particle bridging because of the possibility of particle transport into the formation resulting in formation damage and/or costly and often ineffective stimulation treatments. A particle bridging fluid has been developed that quickly and effectively controls fluid loss in a wide range of permeabilities and pore diameters. The filter cake formed in this process, however, is highly dispersible to the produced fluid and thus effectively removed by placing the well on production. No acid treatment or other removal techniques are required.

The primary bridging agent in this fluid is a sized calcium carbonate with particle sizes (Fig. 1) capable of initiating bridging in pore diameters in excess of 100 micro meters. The particle size distribution also compliments the smaller openings created during the filter cake formation process, thus assuring that fine particle transport into the formation is minimized. This external bridging has been documented by Scaning Electron Microscopy, Cross sections of a dynamic filter cake obtained at elevated temperatures and pressure were examined under the SEM, shows sharp delineation between the cake and filter media. That is there were no significant calcium carbonate particles transported into the filter media pores. This property greatly enhances filter cake removal on back flow and thus provides for good return permeabiltity.

Water soluble organic polymers are added to provide rheological and filtration control for the fluid system. The filtration control polymers are sufficiently flexible and deformable to fill the small irregular pore openings of the final particle bridge and thus provide positive leak-off control for the fluid. Since the calcium carbonate particles will settle in water or even high to decrease adhesion of filter cake particles thus greatly enhancing the dispensability of the cake. By utilizing this technique, the filter cake can be more effectively removed from the sand face by the produced fluid.
Evaluation of Asphaltene Removal Chemicals: A New Testing Method
Authors: Piro Giampietro , Rabaioli M. A. , Canonico Luigi Barberis , Mazzolini E. I.
Published: April 2020

Asphaltene deposit accumulations, either in surface facilities or within the producing interval of the formation, can seriously decrease productivity up to the point where remedial work is required to remove the deposit and restore production. Focusing on the problem of asphaltene accumulation within the formation, the most common treatment is based on washing the reservoir in the near well-bore region with aromatic solvents either pure or doped with solvent-enhancing additives. These remedial treatments are often unsuccessful owing to incomplete removal of the deposit. In our opinion, underestimation of the specific asphaltene/formation rock interactions within the problem formation may be an important factor in determining the failure rate. This paper describes a new experimental approach for selecting or defining the best suited solvent or solvent/additive system for a given asphaltene/formation rock combination, so that more effective removal of the asphaltene deposits can be achieved.
Treatment of traumatic knee stiffness with Ilizarov stretcher
Authors: liang chao , Liu YueHua , Shi PengFei , cui wei , Li JunWei , Li Haile , Dong Shuai
Published: April 2020

Objective To explore the clinical application of Ilizarov stretcher in the treatment of traumatic knee joint stiffness, and to compare the efficacy of soft tissue release around knee joint with CPM machine exercise. Methods In this study, 36 patients with ankylosis after operation for periarticular fracture from March 2012 to March 2017 were treated with Ilizarov stretcher after soft tissue lysis. The therapeutic effect was excellent. Results According to Judet method, the knee joint function was evaluated in the experimental group: excellent in 22 cases, good in 12 cases, fair in 2 cases, the excellent and good rate was 94.4%; in the control group, excellent in 3 cases, good in 18 cases, fair in 12 cases, the excellent and good rate was 63.6% Conclusions Ilizarov stretcher is an effective method for the treatment of traumatic knee joint stiffness, which has the advantages of short treatment time and good function of knee joint after operation.
Clinical features of acute rhabdomyolysis in 55 pediatric patients
Authors: Yuan Ping , Yao Xiong Zheng , Hong Qi Si , Li Mei , Jiang Li
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to compare the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, etiology, and prognosis of children with acute rhabdomyolysis (RM) at various ages. This study was designed to analyze the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with RM and to identify the role of neuromuscular and immunological disorders in children with RM. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical data for 55 children with RM were collected and statistically analyzed. Patients were stratified to an infant group (G1) (age <1 yr), preschool group (G2) (age 1-6 yr), school-age group (G3) (age 7-11 yr), and an adolescent group (G4) (age 12-16 yr). RESULTS The most common clinical features were dark urine (53%), myalgia (38%), and fever (24%). Patients in G1 had fever (71%), vomiting (78%), and abnormal urinalysis (14%), without triad clinical manifestations(myalgia, muscle weakness, and dark urine. 55% of patients in G4 group had myalgia; 71% had dark urine; 75% had abnormal urinalysis. The most common cause in each age group was as follows: sepsis (57%) in G1; hereditary neuromuscular diseases (44%) in G2; immunological disorders (40%) in G3; strenuous exercise (50%) in G4. Logistic regression analysis showed that AKI was not correlated with age, gender, or peak creatine phosphokinase. AKI was, however, associated with presence of an electrolyte disorder. CONCLUSION The clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in infants with acute RM are not typical and need to be taken seriously. The presence of an electrolyte disorder is a risk factor for AKI in children with RM. The most common pathogenesis of RM varies among age groups. Congenital hereditary disease and immunological disorders should not be ignored as a cause of RM in children.
Effects of precision antiplatelet therapy based on CYP2C19/11-dhTxB2 variability in prognosis of ischemic stroke/TIA patients: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang JiaJing , Tu Jianglong , kuang Jie , Starcevich Katherine , Ge Yanqiu , Peng Chen , Yi Yingping , Yin Shujuan , Zhang Xiaolin , Chen Jibiao
Published: April 2020

IntroductionClopidogrel and aspirin are routine drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA). However, with the increase of clinical application, a large number of patients have displayed clopidogrel resistance and/or aspirin resistance. At present, the effect of genetically tailored medication has not been prospective evaluated in a large sample.Methods and analysisThis study is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, large sample, prospectively, randomized controlled study evaluating the effects of precision antiplatelet medication based on the cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) genetic test and the 11-dehydroxetane B2 (11-dhTxB2) test on IS/TIA patients over a duration of 12 months. Outcomes of interest including stroke recurrence, neurologic disabilities defined by the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), bleeding events, other adverse events, and all-cause mortality will be assessed at the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month post discharge. Demographics, risk factors, laboratory investigations, medications, physiological tests, and brain imaging will be assessed as well.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University: (2018) Medical Research Review No.05. In this study, a pre-experiment was carried out in April 2019. Formal recruitment of patients began in June 2019 and will continue until December 2020. Participants will be followed for one-year and the study will end in December 2021. The results of the study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference reports.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900026492.Trial registration date2019.10.12Trial registry name“Establishment of intelligent decision-making system for treatment of neurological impairment in cerebrovascular disease”. Tt is a prospectively study.Protocol versionV5.0, 2019/02/19.
Yield index of crops grown under no-tillage after superficial application of micronized liming materials (MLM) on the soil
Authors: Nogaroli Jessica Alves , Fonseca Adriel Ferreira da
Published: April 2020

The development of strategies for the control of soil acidity in production systems using micronized liming material (MLM) could be a strategy in areas under no-till (NT) to produce high crops yield. The micronized liming material (MLM) have faster reaction on the soil surface even without incorporation to the soil. The experimental design used was completely randomized blocks in split-plot with four replications in a Typic Distrudept under NT treated with MLM. In the main plots the dolomitic limestone (DL) and MLM (granulated micronized calcite (GMC); granulated micronized dolomite (GMD) and carbonated suspension (CS) were studied. In the subplots, four doses of liming materials aiming were assigned to increase soil base saturation (BS) to 50, 70 and 90 %, besides of control treatment. We measured the relative yield (RY), relative yield change (RYC) and production efficiency (PE) of wheat, soybean, black oat and maize during four consecutive years (2012 to 2016). The MLM presented major RY and PE along experimental period than DL. Besides, the major RYC of MLM refers to lower responsiveness, major residual effect as well as major or maintenance crops yield. Better results were found in the BS dose aiming to 61 % for all the liming materials studied for PE, showing that it is the adequate BS for control of acidity in Typic Distrudept.
Stochastic modeling of reference evapotranspiration in arid and semi-arid zones
Authors: Assis Janilson Pinheiro de , Sousa Roberto Pequeno de , Martins Walter Rodrigues , Linhares Paulo César Ferreira , Cardoso Eudes de Almeida , Paula José Aluísio de Araújo , Santos Mateus de Freitas Almeida dos , Sousa Isadora Lorrayne Basilio de , Araújo Misael Bruno de
Published: April 2020

The objective of this work was to estimate the probabilities of the reference evapotranspiration (mm), as well as its accumulated values during 10 days (decendial), in Mossoró, RN, Brazil. It wass done through the daily records of evapotranspirations obtained at the Meteorological Station of the Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid (UFERSA), in Mossoró, RN, using the Penman-Monteith method. No previous transformation of the data was necessary since the construction of the tables was based on the approximation of the variable to the Normal distribution. The odds were estimated by the Normal distribution for the confidence levels of 1% to 95% in the data period from 1970 to 2007, taking into account the results of the chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests at 10% probability. From the adequacy of the process of construction of the tables, it can be conclude and that studied values have important subsidies for planning of agricultural activities in the region, where the maximum benefits of their benefits are taken, avoiding their harmful effects.