bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Dispatch of the Source-Grid-Load-Storage under a High Penetration of Photovoltaic Access to the Distribution Network
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhou Xiaokang , Gao Yao , Zhu Ruijin
Published: September 2023

In the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, distributed photovoltaics is a relatively mature new energy power generation technology that is being widely promoted. However, the randomness and volatility of distributed generation bring severe challenges to the distribution network’s operation. Based on this, taking the typical scenario of a high proportion of distributed photovoltaic grid connections against the background of a whole-county photovoltaic system as the research object, this paper constructs a source-grid-load-storage coordination optimal scheduling model in distribution networks, considering the spatial distribution of power flow, tie-line power fluctuation, grid loss, and voltage amplitude from the perspective of optimal day-to-day scheduling. Next, the Lehmer weighted and improved multi-mutation cooperation strategy differential evolution (LW-IMCSDE) algorithm is introduced to enhance the differential evolution algorithm based on the weighted Lehmer average, improved multi-mutation cooperation, and population update strategies. The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are investigated by using a test function to verify its effectiveness. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy are verified in two typical power scenarios: summer and winter.
Improved RAkEL’s Fault Diagnosis Method for High-Speed Train Traction Transformer
Authors: Li Man , Zhou Xinyi , Qin Siyao , Bin Ziyan , Wang Yanhui
Published: September 2023

The traction system is very important to ensure the safe operation of high-speed trains, and the failure of the traction transformer is the most likely fault in the traction system. Fault diagnosis in actual work relies largely on manual experience. This paper proposes an improved RAkEL (Random k-Labelsets) algorithm for the fault diagnosis of high-speed train traction transformers. Firstly, this article starts from the large amount of “sleeping” fault maintenance data accumulated by the railway department, takes a single maintenance record as an instance, uses specific monitoring values to construct an instance vector, and uses the fault phenomena corresponding to the monitoring indicators as labels. Then, this paper improves the step of selecting k-labelsets in RAkEL, and extracts associated faults using the Relief algorithm. Finally, this paper excavates and uses the association rules between data and faults to identify traction transformer faults. The results showed that the improved RAkEL diagnostic method had a significant improvement in the evaluation indicators. Compared with other multi-label classification algorithms, including BR (Binary Relevance) and CLR (Calibrated Label Ranking), this method performs well on multiple evaluation indicators. It can further help engineers perform timely maintenance work in the future.
Anomalous Magnetic Anisotropy Behaviour in Co-Rich and Fe-Rich Glass-Coated Microwires under Applied Stress
Authors: García-Gómez Alfonso , Blanco Juan María , Corte-León Paula , Ipatov Mihail , González Álvaro , González Julián , Zhukov Arcady , Zhukova Valentina
Published: September 2023

In this article, we study the effect of annealing temperature and applied stress on the magnetic properties of Fe71.80B13.27Si11.02Nb2.99Ni0.92 and Co65.34Si12.00B10.20Cr8.48Fe3.90Mo0.08 microwires. An anomalous behavior of the coercive field is observed while applying stress, indicating nontrivial changes in the microwire magnetic anisotropy. The effect of applied stimuli on the magnetic anisotropy and magnetostriction constant in both microwires is also discussed.
Separation Techniques for the Efficient and Green Recovery of Metal Minerals
Authors: Chang Hongtao , Zhang Guoquan
Published: September 2023

In 2022~2023, eight high-quality papers were published in the Special Issue of Separations entitled “Efficient and Green Recovery of Metal Minerals” [...]
Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting: A Review of Deep Learning Methods in Internet of Things Applications to Smart Cities
Authors: Papastefanopoulos Vasilis , Linardatos Pantelis , Panagiotakopoulos Theodor , Kotsiantis Sotiris
Published: September 2023

Smart cities are urban areas that utilize digital solutions to enhance the efficiency of conventional networks and services for sustainable growth, optimized resource management, and the well-being of its residents. Today, with the increase in urban populations worldwide, their importance is greater than ever before and, as a result, they are being rapidly developed to meet the varying needs of their inhabitants. The Internet of Things (IoT) lies at the heart of such efforts, as it allows for large amounts of data to be collected and subsequently used in intelligent ways that contribute to smart city goals. Time-series forecasting using deep learning has been a major research focus due to its significance in many real-world applications in key sectors, such as medicine, climate, retail, finance, and more. This review focuses on describing the most prominent deep learning time-series forecasting methods and their application to six smart city domains, and more specifically, on problems of a multivariate nature, where more than one IoT time series is involved.
Cultivating Sustainability: The Role of Generative Leadership, Green Passion, and Green Work Behavior in Pakistan’s Tourism Industry
Authors: Afridi Sajjad Ahmad , Javed Asad , Ali Sania Zaheer , Zafar Sheeba , Haider Maqsood
Published: September 2023

This research is intended to investigate how generative leadership influences sustainable performance in Pakistan’s tourist industry, utilizing green passion and green work behavior as mediators. This study gathered data from 343 frontline workers and 120 managers in various Pakistani tourist firms, utilizing a non-probability sampling technique and standardized measurement scales. Employing SPSS PROCESS macros (model 4), this study meticulously scrutinized both the direct and indirect associations among the variables. The results of this study reveal a robust connection between generative leadership and sustainable performance. Furthermore, green passion and green work behavior are found to partially mediate the relationship between generative leadership and sustainable performance. These findings empirically endorse the significance of generative leadership in instituting sustainable practices in the tourism industry, as well as the role that employee attitudes and behaviors play in mediating this relationship. However, it is important to note that this study’s scope is limited to the Pakistani context, and further cross-cultural investigations may be needed to generalize these findings. Additionally, practical implications suggest that organizations in the tourism sector can benefit from fostering generative leadership to promote sustainability, offering valuable insights for industry practitioners and policymakers looking to encourage sustainable practices not only within Pakistan’s tourism sector but also in similar contexts worldwide.
Are We Talking about Green Skills or Sustainability Competences? A Scoping Review Using Scientometric Analysis of Two Apparently Similar Topics in the Field of Sustainability
Authors: Montanari Sibilla , Agostini Evi , Francesconi Denis
Published: September 2023

The labor market is facing accelerating changes due to ecological challenges and the related increasing efforts towards sustainable development. Preparing learners for the world of work now requires an understanding of what skills workers will need to adequately address these changes. To deal with this issue, the research community has started to define “sustainability competences” and “green skills” to support educationalists and decision-makers to better manage the impact of sustainability on future jobs. However, in the current literature, the difference between “sustainability competences” and “green skills” is not clear. The aim of this article is to highlight the differences between the two concepts in order to support the dialogue between the various disciplines that address these topics. This paper is a scoping review that provides an outline of the scientometric analyses of publications in the field of sustainability, from the earliest in 1998 up to July 2023. Although the terms are interrelated, using the R package for analysis shows that “green skills” tends to refer more to specific environmental technical skills, while “sustainability competences” are primarily defined as key competences to promote the different dimensions of sustainability, i.e., competences useful for holistic human development
Reacquainting the Structural Characteristics of Pull-Apart Basins Based on Simulations with Wet Clay
Authors: Xu Hongyuan , Lao Haigang , Peng Chao , Xu Hao , Liu Chuncheng , Sun Wei , Ju Yongtao , Dong Guiyu
Published: September 2023

A pull-apart basin (PAB) is a releasing zone constrained by strike–slip faults. A PAB partly appears as a unique basin type typically dominated by the basin sidewall and cross-basin faults. However, the structural characteristics of different subsidiary faults derived from strike–slip motions are currently poorly understood in PABs. Under the control of different bend strike–slip faults, this study examines the formation and evolution of PABs reconstructed from wet clay with high water content (68%) as the experimental material. It was reported that (1) a PAB shows the single asymmetric half-graben architecture in the profile and rhombus in the plane, regardless of the bend type of the strike–slip fault; (2) the subsidiary fault area density increases with increasing fault displacement in PABs and might be impacted by the nature of the wet clay; (3) as the strike–slip fault displacement increases, the subsidiary fault number initially increases and then begins to decrease with large fault formation; and (4) T-faults are the most numerous faults in PABs, followed by Riedel shear faults. R′- and P-shear faults account for a small proportion and are unstable. The proportion of Riedel shear faults gradually decreases from the underlapping strike–slip faults to the overlapping strike–slip faults, accompanied by an increase in the corresponding R′-shear faults. The primary control factor affecting the proportion of subsidiary faults is the stress component. Re-recognition of subsidiary faults in the PABs is significant for interpreting strike–slip faults and the study of hydrocarbon migration.
The Influence of Capability, Business Innovation, and Competitive Advantage on a Smart Sustainable Tourism Village and Its Impact on the Management Performance of Tourism Villages on Java Island
Authors: Amrullah  , Kaltum Umi , Sondari Merry Citra , Pranita Diaz
Published: September 2023

Tourism has become one of the biggest industries in the world. Many people carry out tourism activities for relaxation, fulfilling curiosity, gaining new experiences, and entertainment purposes (pleasure). This study analyzes the effect of capability, business innovation, and competitive advantage on a smart sustainable tourism village and the impact this has on the management performance of independent tourism villages on Java Island. The methods used in this study include descriptive statistical tests and structural equation modeling (SEM) tests operated through the AMOS program. The sample included 360 respondents who were managers of tourist villages on the island of Java. The questionnaire was determined based on the probability sampling method and non-probability sampling, namely, simple random sampling and convenience sampling. From various aspects and criteria, the data proved that the average value generated from the research unit produced a score of 4, which means good. The results revealed three influential variables: tourism village capability having a positive and significant effect on the smart sustainable tourism village; the smart sustainable tourism village having a positive and significant effect on tourism village management performance; and business innovation having a positive and significant effect on tourism village management performance.
Proposal and Comprehensive Analysis of a Novel Combined Plant with Gas Turbine and Organic Flash Cycles: An Application of Multi-Objective Optimization
Authors: Ghiami Sardroud Ramin , Javaherian Amirreza , Seyed Mahmoudi Seyed Mohammad , Akbari Kordlar Mehri , Rosen Marc A.
Published: September 2023

Environmental, exergo-economic, and thermodynamic viewpoints are thoroughly investigated for a state-of-the-art hybrid gas turbine system and organic flash cycle. For the proposed system, the organic flash cycle utilizes the waste thermal energy of the gases exiting the gas turbine sub-system to generate additional electrical power. Six distinct working fluids are considered for the organic flash cycle: R245fa, n-nonane, n-octane, n-heptane, n-hexane, and n-pentane. A parametric investigation is applied on the proposed combined system to evaluate the impacts of seven decision parameters on the following key operational variables: levelized total emission, total cost rate, and exergy efficiency. Also, a multi-objective optimization is performed on the proposed system, taking into account the mentioned three performance parameters to determine optimum operational conditions. The results of the multi-objective optimization of the system indicate that the levelized total emission, total cost rate, and exergy efficiency are 74,569 kg/kW, 6873 $/h, and 55%, respectively. These results also indicate the improvements of 16.45%, 6.59%, and 3% from the environmental, economic, and exergy viewpoints, respectively. The findings reveal that utilizing n-nonane as the working fluid in the organic flash cycle can yield the lowest levelized total emission, the lowest total cost rate, and the highest exergy efficiency.
Modular Neural Networks for Osteoporosis Detection in Mandibular Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Authors: Namatevs Ivars , Nikulins Arturs , Edelmers Edgars , Neimane Laura , Slaidina Anda , Radzins Oskars , Sudars Kaspars
Published: September 2023

In this technical note, we examine the capabilities of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) for diagnosing osteoporosis through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of the mandible. The evaluation was conducted using 188 patients’ mandibular CBCT images utilizing DCNN models built on the ResNet-101 framework. We adopted a segmented three-phase method to assess osteoporosis. Stage 1 focused on mandibular bone slice identification, Stage 2 pinpointed the coordinates for mandibular bone cross-sectional views, and Stage 3 computed the mandibular bone’s thickness, highlighting osteoporotic variances. The procedure, built using ResNet-101 networks, showcased efficacy in osteoporosis detection using CBCT scans: Stage 1 achieved a remarkable 98.85% training accuracy, Stage 2 minimized L1 loss to a mere 1.02 pixels, and the last stage’s bone thickness computation algorithm reported a mean squared error of 0.8377. These findings underline the significant potential of AI in osteoporosis identification and its promise for enhanced medical care. The compartmentalized method endorses a sturdier DCNN training and heightened model transparency. Moreover, the outcomes illustrate the efficacy of a modular transfer learning method for osteoporosis detection, even when relying on limited mandibular CBCT datasets. The methodology given is accompanied by the source code available on GitLab.
Fluopicolide-Induced Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in the Earthworm Eisenia foetida
Authors: Wen Shengfang , Wang Youwei , Wang Xueting , Liu Chang , Xue Yannan , Liu Chao , Wang Jinhua , Xia Xiaoming
Published: September 2023

Fluopicolide is a new benzamide fungicide with a unique mechanism of action and is toxic to some non-target organisms. However, there is a lack of research on the chronic toxicity of fluopicolide to earthworms. In this study, in order to evaluate the chronic toxicity of fluopicolide to earthworms, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and DNA oxidative damage (8-hyoxy-2-deoxyguanosine content) in earthworms were measured at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after exposure to different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) of fluopicolide. In most treatment groups, the ROS levels increased significantly 7 days after exposure and then decreased gradually with an increase in exposure time, a certain dose–effect relationship. The antioxidant enzymes’ activities (SOD and CAT) in most treatment groups were activated, showing an increasing trend at first and then a decreasing trend; however, the CAT activity in the high-concentration treatment group was inhibited 21 days after exposure. The GST activity and MDA content showed an increasing trend at first and then a decreasing trend, which was dependent on the dose. As a biomarker of DNA damage, the 8-OHdG content was positively correlated with the concentration of fluopicolide. The results showed that a low dose of fluopicolide could cause oxidative stress and DNA damage in earthworms.
HIV-1 Resistance to Islatravir/Tenofovir Combination Therapy in Wild-Type or NRTI-Resistant Strains of Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes
Authors: Cilento Maria E. , Wen Xin , Reeve Aaron B. , Ukah Obiaara B. , Snyder Alexa A. , Carrillo Ciro M. , Smith Cole P. , Edwards Kristin , Wahoski Claudia C. , Kitzler Deborah R. , Kodama Eiichi N. , Mitsuya Hiroaki , Parniak Michael A. , Tedbury Philip R. , Sarafianos Stefan G.
Published: September 2023

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and islatravir (ISL, 4′-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2′-deoxyadensine, or MK-8591) are highly potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Resistance to TDF and ISL is conferred by K65R and M184V, respectively. Furthermore, K65R and M184V increase sensitivity to ISL and TDF, respectively. Therefore, these two nucleoside analogs have opposing resistance profiles and could present a high genetic barrier to resistance. To explore resistance to TDF and ISL in combination, we performed passaging experiments with HIV-1 WT, K65R, or M184V in the presence of ISL and TDF. We identified K65R, M184V, and S68G/N mutations. The mutant most resistant to ISL was S68N/M184V, yet it remained susceptible to TDF. To further confirm our cellular findings, we implemented an endogenous reverse transcriptase assay to verify in vitro potency. To better understand the impact of these resistance mutations in the context of global infection, we determined potency of ISL and TDF against HIV subtypes A, B, C, D, and circulating recombinant forms (CRF) 01_AE and 02_AG with and without resistance mutations. In all isolates studied, we found K65R imparted hypersensitivity to ISL whereas M184V conferred resistance. We demonstrated that the S68G polymorphism can enhance fitness of drug-resistant mutants in some genetic backgrounds. Collectively, the data suggest that the opposing resistance profiles of ISL and TDF suggest that a combination of the two drugs could be a promising drug regimen for the treatment of patients infected with any HIV-1 subtype, including those who have failed 3TC/FTC-based therapies.
Editorial
Authors: Kenkel David , Nguyen Hoa
Published: September 2023

Kia whakatōmuri te haere whakamua. This whakataukī is sometimes translated into English as “I walk backwards into the future with my eyes fixed on my past.” This seems an appropriately wise statement with which to commence this brief editorial. Looking back over the past two years, we have had a pandemic and a nation’s response to it. We remember, too, those for whom Covid-19 has not been a simple, mild illness but instead the beginning of ongoing, serious health challenges. We have also suffered a climate catastrophe that has devastated large parts of the motu and we all struggle with what some have called erosion resilience. Current struggles repeat much of our histories and there is much to be learnt from the past.
Poverty, wealth and no revolution in sight: Social work, community development and promoting the art of dissent as insurrection during the neoliberal era
Authors: Kenkel David
Published: September 2023

This article explores the impact of neoliberalism on the linked areas of social work and community development practice, and makes the contention that practice is often poverty driven rather than poverty informed. Using notions of dissensus and insurrection, the argument is made that the authority of the neoliberal discourse on the social structures of Aotearoa New Zealand creates conditions in which revolutionary reform is difficult, leaving the better option of continuous, variously situated, insurrections and dissents against the neoliberal story that responsibility for fault is seated within individual families and communities rather than being a function of deliberately created policies that serve the wealthy at the expense of the poor.
Wealth creation and other reflections on community development
Authors: Pham Tan
Published: September 2023

I started working in aid and development in 1993, some 30 years ago. As an engineer, I mainly worked on construction projects funded by donors. As is often the case, these projects had a strong training and community development component. Our projects were in Vietnam, Indonesia, Tonga, Sāmoa and Fiji, but our company’s project portfolio extended to Niue, Kiribati and the Solomon Islands. The projects’ duration ranged from short-term assignments of a few months to large projects of several years. In 2008, I moved to another job and no longer participated in these projects. Over 15 years working in this field, I learned many things, and this article combines a Practice Reflection and an Opinion Piece. It is not an academic paper, and there are no references; similarly, I will not list the names of projects and countries as such mention may require the permission of donors, which would be beyond the scope of the article. I will reflect on three issues: sustainability, wealth creation and comfort with one’s values.
Impact of changes to the New Zealand family category policy on immigrants
Authors: Rasheed Ali
Published: September 2023

Immigration New Zealand’s policy on family reunification has impacted new arrivals coming into Aotearoa New Zealand from different countries. Close family members of migrants have now been forced to leave their family members behind and live in different countries. This also shows that Immigration New Zealand’s family reunification policy is not in line with the international guidelines and laws of family reunification practices. This paper examines new empirical evidence for the impact of family reunification and integration on migrant health and wellbeing, and discusses potential harm that can be caused to migrants living in Aotearoa New Zealand. It also provides the groundwork for a future study. Reunification outcomes are considered for both partners and children of new migrants. The paper concludes by addressing the implications for migrants as a result of the current Immigration New Zealand policies regulating family reunification.
Disponibilidad y aprovechamiento de materias primas líticas en la localidad Las Chapas (Provincia de Chubut, Argentina)
Authors: Schuster Verónica , Massaferro Gabriela Isabel , Iglesias Claudio
Published: September 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la disponibilidad y la distribución de las potenciales fuentes de materias primas líticas identificadas en la localidad arqueológica Las Chapas (Dtos. Gaiman y Mártires, prov. del Chubut), haciendo hincapié en la variabilidad litológica, la dispersión espacial y la aptitud para la talla de las rocas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existe variada disponibilidad y distribución de materias primas líticas primarias a escala local (basalto, xilópalo y obsidiana), si bien la aptitud para la talla es de regular a mala, con excepción de la toba silicificada. Los rodados –evaluados como materia prima secundaria– presentan litologías que suelen estar ausentes en el contexto arqueológico. Los ópalos y las calcedonias son el material lítico más representado en los sitios arqueológicos estudiados y podrían ser de provisión local, no obstante, no se ha localizado ninguna fuente probable hasta el momento. La información aquí presentada es una primera aproximación al análisis de las potenciales fuentes de aprovisionamiento lítico en Las Chapas, siendo el objetivo final a futuro, conformar una base de datos sólida para toda la región del valle inferior-medio del río Chubut.
Políticas públicas voltadas aos crimes de violência doméstica como ferramentas úteis no desempenho das atividades da Policia Militar do Paraná
Authors: Piske Anderson Cristo , Piske Cássia Lourenço Cunha
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo abordará as políticas públicas que vem sendo realizadas, a fim de combater os crimes de violência doméstica que vem ocorrendo de maneira tão intensa. O objetivo é demonstrar de uma maneira clara como vem sendo realizadas as diversas ações pelo Estado e pela Polícia Militar do Paraná, na tentativa de reprimir as ações violentas contra o público feminino, crianças, idosos e portadores de necessidades especiais. A metodologia adotada foi à pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico. Na fundamentação teórica, foram abordados alguns itens importantes no combate a violência doméstica, principalmente pautados na Lei Maria da Penha e nas demais normas relativas ao tema, que, verdadeiramente, representam um grande avanço para uma punição mais severa aos agressores. Nas considerações finais, os leitores podem visualizar de forma clara a necessidade de compreensão de como as políticas públicas só fundamentais para a resolução deste problema tão grave que vem assolando a sociedade de uma maneira tão holística, como é o caso da violência doméstica, em especial, a violência contra mulheres.
Parallel Hybrid Networks: An Interplay between Quantum and Classical Neural Networks
Authors: Kordzanganeh Mo , Kosichkina Daria , Melnikov Alexey
Published: September 2023

The use of quantum neural networks for machine learning is a paradigm that has recently attracted considerable interest. Under certain conditions, these models approximate the distributions of their datasets using truncated Fourier series. Owing to the trigonometric nature of this fit, angle-embedded quantum neural networks may have difficulty fitting nonharmonic features in a given dataset. Moreover, the interpretability of hybrid neural networks remains a challenge. In this study, we introduce an interpretable class of hybrid quantum neural networks that pass the inputs of the dataset in parallel to (a) a classical multi-layered perceptron and (b) a variational quantum circuit, after which the 2 outputs are linearly combined. The quantum neural network creates a smooth sinusoidal foundation based on the training set, and the classical perceptrons fill the nonharmonic gaps in the landscape. We demonstrate this claim using 2 synthetic datasets sampled from periodic distributions with added protrusions as noise. The training results indicate that parallel hybrid network architecture can improve solution optimality on periodic datasets with additional noise.
Paraquat poisoning; an experience from a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Jose Nisha , Elayaperumal Indhumathi , Arumugam Devia , Matcha Jayakumar
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Paraquat poisoning is a commonly used toxin within the Indian sub-continent. Despite several advances in medical care, mortality in cases of paraquat poisoning continues to be high with controversies in the ideal management. Objectives: The aim of this study was to throw light on the clinical course of these patients in the current setting and evaluate some of the novel therapeutic options such as hemoperfusion in the setting of paraquat poisoning. Patients and Methods: This study is a retrospective observational study examining all adult patients with paraquat poisoning over the last five years from a tertiary care centre in Southern India. Demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory profile, treatment options, and outcome were analysed from online hospital records. Results: Of 13 patients, all patients, except one, had ingested paraquat deliberately. Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in all patients (100%). Dialysis was required in 7 patients (54%) with AKI. Lung injury was seen in 63.5% of patients (n=8) and most patients i.e. 92.3% (12 patients) had multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Hemoperfusion was provided to 30.8% of patients without much benefit in terms of duration of hospitalisation or time to death. Hemodialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) were offered for conventional indications. Dialysis was found to have significant bearing on time to death. Conclusion: Paraquat is a highly lethal herbicide with few effective therapeutic options. The majority of patients develop multi-organ dysfunction and succumb to death owing to circulatory collapse. Dialysis may be able to delay mortality in paraquat poisoning.
Pregnancy in immunoglobulin A nephropathy patients; an updated review
Authors: Saffarieh Elham , Yousefi Sharemi Seyedeh Reyhaneh
Published: September 2023

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is found as the most frequent primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, predominantly affecting the younger population. The peak incidence of this disease occurs between the second and third decades of life, thereby making pregnancy a significant concern for women diagnosed with IgAN. Extensive studies have demonstrated that pregnancy itself does not inherently pose a specific risk for the deterioration of kidney function in individuals with IgAN who are in the initial stages of chronic kidney disease. However, it is important to note that IgAN elevates the risk of preeclampsia, a condition that is a pivotal risk factor contributing to unfavorable outcomes during pregnancy. Consequently, healthcare providers should be attentive to the potential complications of preeclampsia in pregnant women with IgAN, as its presence holds substantial implications for maternal and fetal well-being.
The adverse effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and neonatal kidneys
Authors: Hassanzadeh Rad Afagh , Nazeri Niloufar
Published: September 2023

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complication of pregnancy defined as any level of early or first detection of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. It is a prevalent metabolic disorder associated with several maternal and neonatal complications. On the other hand, chronic kidney disease is a leading cause of premature morbidity and mortality worldwide, and diabetic nephropathy accounts for approximately half of all cases of end-stage renal disease. Due to these two conditions’ high prevalence and significance, any possible association would be a public health concern requiring further investigation. To this end, the current study aimed to review the adverse effects of GDM on maternal and neonatal kidneys.
Impact of Entrepreneurial Camp on Students’ Entrepreneurial Attitudes
Authors: Brandt Tiina
Published: September 2023

Entrepreneurial career choices are impacted by entrepreneurial mindset, family background and cultural values. Entrepreneurial mindset includes for example innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking capacity, and entrepreneurial education has been found out useful in enhancing these qualities.  Here the interest is to see how the intensive 3-weeks innovation and entrepreneurial camp impacts on the students’ entrepreneurial attitudes compared to international data sample. The 95 students representing mostly USA and European countries filled in the questionnaire which focused on identifying qualities they would need if they would start own business. This data set was compared with the data over 1000 students from various countries. Several differences were found, indicating that those students, who have learnt profoundly about entrepreneurship emphasize different qualities than those with more general level knowledge.
5G is not Just Another G: A Review of the Managerial Literature
Authors: Magnaghi Mattia , Ghezzi Antonio , Rangone Andrea
Published: September 2023

Due to the higher range of markets and applications opportunities it brings, the fifth generation of mobile communications (5G) cannot be considered just a technological transition, as it was for earlier generations of cellular technology, rather it represents a revolutionary phenomenon which could deeply change the competitive landscape for wireless services. According to the literature, it is “one of the most complex technologies seen over the past decade both in terms of technical development and business implications”. However, on one hand, the 5G is a hotly discussed topic from a technical perspective, on the other the managerial literature appears ambiguous and fragmented in the way it is presented. Such absence recalls for a paper whose purpose is to position the 5G search thread also in the managerial literature. For this reason, the work aims to systematize previous knowledge and identify potential research directions related to the strategic adoption of 5G technology. To answer the underlying research question regarding the state of the art of the 5G in the strategy domain, a systematic search has been done, then, on the selected papers, a conceptual review has been carried out to identify (i) the “business reconfigurations” of 5G technology, (ii) the boundary conditions, intended as the conditions of existence of a 5G business case, (iii) the barriers, which instead hinder the development of cases. The research provides useful implications to both the theory and practice: from a theoretical perspective, it represents one of the first studies concerning 5G which is not strictly related to a specific industry or scenario. Secondly, the challenges and gaps identified generate research questions which can be traceable also to a general and more theoretical context, such as the business model innovation literature, where the strategic adoption of new technological paradigms entails further investigations. From a practitioner’s perspective, it provides useful insights regarding 5G adoption for increasing actors’ awareness of such technological innovation, especially concerning their attitude change which is needed to seize the business opportunities it embraces.
Glutamatergic system dysfunction in the pathophysiology of diabetic encephalopathy
Authors: Bykov Yu. V. , Baturin V. A.
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent endocrine disease with a high risk of chronic complications. Damage to the central nervous system (CNS) is considered a serious DM complication. Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a specific CNS dysfunction that is characterized by impaired functioning of the brain. The root cause of DE may lie in a disrupted synthesis of various neurotransmitters. Impaired operation of the glutamatergic system is the key component of the pathophysiological mechanism responsible for the development of cerebral insufficiency in the setting of DM. Glutamine (Gln) is the main excitatory neurotransmitter of the CNS, which is involved in the processes of synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Under physiological conditions, Gln concentrations must be kept at a minimum to ensure optimal operation of the brain. The activation of the glutamatergic system observed in DM is associated with neurotoxicity, leading to degeneration and death of neuronal cells. Excitotoxicity triggers the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, causes mitochondrial dysfunction and elevates oxidative stress. These are the three key pathophysiological mechanisms thought to underlie the development of DE. Oxidative stress is the most thoroughly studied of the pathological processes leading to DE, and is associated with damage to intracellular proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, resulting in the loss of neurons. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the presence of a pathophysiological link between the activation of the glutamatergic system, excitotoxic mechanisms, and the development of DE. High levels of Gln were shown to correlate with deterioration of cognition, which intensifies with the course of the disease. Diagnosis and subsequent treatment of glutamatergic system dysfunction in patients with DM can be an important practical contribution to the minimization of clinical DE manifestations.
Hygienic assessment of potassium intake from food
Authors: Brusentsova A. V. , Guseva P. A. , Pospelova I. A. , Turchaninov D. V. , Kozubenko O. V.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To assess the level of potassium intake among the adult population in Western Siberia.

Materials and methods. The actual level of potassium intake from food products was assessed by surveying a representative sample of 441 adults in the Omsk region (Russia) using a questionnaire of food consumption frequency in 2019–2020.

Results. The median daily potassium intake in the studied sample was 2620.9 mg/day (2005.97; 3456.10), which corresponded to the level of potassium intake in other Russian regions and other countries. This level was found to be significantly lower than that recommended by WHO. The share of adult population with a potassium consumption below physiological requirements in the Omsk region was 39.2 ± 2.3%. No significant differences were observed in potassium intake between men and women (except for the age group of 65 years and older), as well as between different age groups. The main potassium sources were established to be vegetables (37.8%), fruits (16.5%), potatoes (9.2%), fresh tomatoes (8.7%), fresh apples (8.0%), and soups (6.9%). An increase in age was associated with a decrease in potassium intake from confectionery and beverages. At the same time, the contribution of such food groups as ‘porridge and pasta’ and ‘fish and seafood’ increased. In women, vegetables and fruits made a slightly greater contribution as potassium sources. In men, these were bakery and meat products.

Conclusion. Insufficient potassium intake among the large share of adult population in the Omsk region can be a significant risk factor in the development of arterial hypertension, which requires preventive measures.
Elimination of increased risk of acute angle closure glaucoma in eyes with a short anteroposterior axis by preventive phacoemulsification
Authors: Sorokin E. L. , Marchenko A. N. , Pashentsev Ya. E. , Samokhvalov N. V.
Published: September 2023

Aim. A clinical analysis of the efficacy of eliminating the risk of acute glaucoma attack by performing preventive minimally invasive cataract surgery in patients at such a risk.

Materials and methods. In total, 70 eyes with a short anteroposterior axis and a thickened lens shape, and an increased risk of acute glaucoma attack were investigated. The main group included 45 patients subjected to preventive phacoemulsification (PE), and the reference group included 25 patients not subjected to PE. According to the position of the ciliary body (middle and posterior), each group was divided into two subgroups. The parameters of lens cross-sectional area (CSA) and anterior chamber cross-sectional area (ACCSA) were studied using B-scan ultrasonography of the anterior eye segment.

Results. On the 2–3rd day after PE, the main group showed an increase in the anterior chamber depth and ACCSA values, along with an opening of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) to grade 3. These indicators remained at the same level by the end of the 4–5 year observation period. After 1–3 years, the reference group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the anterior chamber depth and ACCSA values, a narrowing of the ACA width, as well as an increase in intraocular pressure. After 4–5 years, the ACA was completely closed (0°), and the CSA indicator significantly increased.

Conclusion. Immediately after preventive surgery, all patients of the main group showed a statistically significant improvement in the studied parameters, which remained stable following the period of 4–5 years.
Analysis of clinical progression of diabetic retinopathy in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Pomytkina N. V.
Published: September 2023

This article presents clinical cases of progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. The manifestation of pre-proliferative DR was related to the formation of focal macular edema in both eyes with nonperfusion areas of perimacular localization. Both eyes underwent laser coagulation of the retina. Following one month, the regression of macular edema in the left eye and hemorrhagic phenomena in both eyes with the appearance of new nonperfusion areas were observed. DR progression during pregnancy and in the postpartum period is determined by a number of factors, including compensation for diabetes mellitus, stabilization of retinopathy, and the presence of concomitant pathologies. In the aggressive course of proliferative DR, local traction retinal detachment and partial hemophthalmos of the left eye were revealed. Three stages of panretinal laser coagulation of both eyes were conducted, along with an endovitreal intervention with silicone tamponade on the left eye. At 28 weeks of gestation, progression of retinal neovascularization with extensive areas of nonperfusion in the posterior pole was observed in the right eye. Compaction of the laser coagulation areas of the retina in the right eye was performed.
Laser treatment for ophthalmic pathology in the Far East of Russia
Authors: Melnikov V. Y. , Filina N. V. , Kucherenko T. V.
Published: September 2023

Laser technologies are increasingly used in medicine for treating various clinical conditions. In this article, we aim to review the evolution of laser ophthalmic therapy and its current prevalence in the Far East of Russia. Laser coagulation of the retina is recognized as a highly effective noninvasive treatment for diabetic retinopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, some types of peripheral retinal degeneration, post-thrombotic retinopathy, retinoschisis, local retinal detachment, and retinal ruptures. Laser therapy reduces the probability of low vision and blindness in patients. The efficacy, accessibility, as well as the absence of complications, make laser treatment methods attractive for patients.
The work of a pediatric ophthalmological department during COVID-19
Authors: Mozhilevskaya E. S. , Melnikov V. Ya. , Titovets V. V. , Chramenkova L. S.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To analyze the work of the pediatric ophthalmological department of eye microsurgery of Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 (Vladivostok, Russia) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and methods. The research materials included reports of the chief freelance pediatric ophthalmologist of the Primorsky Krai, as well as outpatient and inpatient records of the pediatric ophthalmological department of Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, compiled during 2020 and 2021. A retrospective analysis of the incidence structure in 2020 and 2021 was carried out. In total, 1498 patients who received hospital treatment during the specified period were included in the study. Data analysis was carried out using MS Excel methods of descriptive statistics. The data were displayed using charts, as well as in the form of absolute numbers and a percentage of the total number of operations.

Results. In 2020, the average length of patient stay in the hospital was lower than that in 2021. During this period, the number of hospitalized children decreased by more than twice, which is reflected in Table 1 and Fig. 1. The share of patients with eye trauma requiring emergency conservative and surgical care increased. In 2021, out of 924 treated patients, 506 needed surgical treatment, which was performed according to indications.

Conclusion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, planned hospitalization was suspended followed by introduction of a special sanitary and epidemiological regime. In 2020–2021, 1498 children received ophthalmological inpatient care. In comparison with 2020, the number of surgical interventions, including elective operations, increased by 193 and amounted to 62%. This was related to lifting of the restrictions on planned hospitalization. Overall, 40% fewer children received treatment compared to pre-COVID years.
Problems of healing chronic wounds
Authors: Babenko N. M. , Litvinova O. B. , Pavlov S. B. , Kumechko M. V. , Komarchuk V. V.
Published: September 2023

Aim. The work aimed to analyze and highlight the problems of chronic wound healing and modern methods of stimulation of reparative processes according to literature sources.

An analysis of the scientific literature was carried out, in which views on the problems of wound healing are presented, taking into account the factors affecting the formation and healing of chronic wounds, and modern methods that stimulate reparation processes. Identifying the problems of wound healing will allow a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the wound process, taking into account the factors affecting the healing of injuries.

Modern scientists are actively discussing the problems of wound healing, researching factors influencing the reparative process, including the high prevalence of chronic wounds, diagnosis and treatment of wound infections, age of patients, and state of immunity. In the case of systemic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular pathology, etc., there is a violation of microcirculation, and as a result, there are violations of the phasing of reparative processes at the cellular level. As a result, the alteration process does not end and the process becomes chronic.

In case of a mechanical injury, when adaptation reserves are reduced, primarily of the neurohumoral system, a key role is played by the disruption of regulatory mechanisms at the cellular level. Wound treatment requires surgical treatment, stimulation of angiogenesis, and other reparative processes at the systemic and local levels.

In recent years, various methods of stimulating reparative processes have been used in clinical practice to treat wounds: local administration of recombinant growth factors, use of platelet-rich plasma, biotechnological wound dressings, and artificial skin substitutes. One of the most promising areas of wound treatment is the development of methods for targeted activation of stem cells. However, there are still insufficient data for the practical application of this method. Clinically effective and safe methods are still being developed. Physical methods are promising for improving the healing of chronic wounds. However, the selection of optimal parameters for physical action continues to be an urgent task. Despite the positive results obtained using the methods described above, there is a need for additional experimental studies and randomized controlled trials.

Conclusions. Chronic wounds develop as a result of severe systemic diseases, and major mechanical injuries against the background of a decrease in physiological reserves due to emotional and psychological stress, obesity, etc. Choosing the right method of influencing the reparative process, taking into account the leading mechanism of damage repair, becomes very important to ensure the best chance for optimal wound healing.
A memoir about Dr. Ryszard Piasek – a Poznań filmmaker
Authors: BALBUZA Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

A memoir about Dr. Ryszard Piasek – a filmmaker, reporter, social activist and film producer.