bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saving the Family
Authors: Alilunas Peter
Published: May 2017

The final chapter examines traditional forms of regulation, focusing on the community protests, anti-pornography feminist movements, national efforts by conservative groups, and other attempts to contain the efforts by the adult video industry to find widespread public acceptance and economic success. I argue that a panic, traceable to the move of sexually explicit films from public to private spaces, resulted in a major shift in the cultural understanding of sexuality, pleasure, and pornography. Part of this panic is visible in the Meese Commission’s investigation in 1986, which aligns with the period in which the adult film industry completed the transition from celluloid to magnetic tape-based production and distribution. I conclude the book with an analysis of the mainstream video rental’s decision to stop carrying adult video in the wake of the Meese Commission and gesture toward the further regulatory actions of the 1990s.
Limousines and Legacies
Authors: Alilunas Peter
Published: May 2017

The epilogue examines On the Prowl, the 1989 film directed by veteran performer Jamie Gillis. Ushering in the “gonzo” genre, which de-valued narrative and familiar aesthetics for a raw and spontaneous set of practices and conventions, the film represents where pornography would go in the era after the events of this book—as well as the constructed nature of all pornography, regardless of technology or technique.
Introduction
Authors: Fields Corey D.
Published: May 2017

This introductory chapter presents an overview of African American Republicans. The experience of being African American and Republican unfolds within a political party that is unarguably dominated by whites. Consequently, African American Republicans must manage blackness in a predominantly white context. Their strategies for linking blackness with their partisanship raise questions about taken-for-granted assumptions regarding racial identity and black people's political behavior. Thus, the case of African American Republicans shows the importance of attending to the variation in how black people understand their racial identity. Moreover, the experiences of African American Republicans force consideration of the different ways that black people attach meaning to their racial identity and how those meanings inform political behavior.
Beyond Uncle Tom
Authors: Fields Corey D.
Published: May 2017

This chapter explores contemporary African American Republicans' reputation by looking at two important constituencies: other black people and white Republicans. Though they manifest it in different ways, black Republicans fear that their partisanship causes both groups to question their racial authenticity. Among other blacks, this questioning coalesces into a “sellout critique” that frames African American Republicans as operating counter to their black identity. On the other hand, African American Republicans report being held in a “skeptical embrace” by white Republicans who worry that African American Republicans will not be able to subordinate their racial identity to their Republican partisanship. Both the sellout critique and the skeptical embrace are grounded in a perceived incongruence between black racial identity and Republican partisanship. Yet African American Republicans themselves articulate strong identification with black identity and Republican partisanship. As a consequence, they are challenged with linking their racial identity and their partisanship in a way that removes unexpectedness.
A Case of Testicles
Authors: Holtzman Jon D.
Published: May 2017

This chapter focusses on widespread violence that erupted between Samburu and their pastoralist Pokot neighbors, who had been ritually bonded as friends and allies since beyond living memory. While the conflict had many causes, Pokot explanations focus passionately on a single atrocity—the castration of a Pokot man killed in cold blood in the aftermath of an early skirmish, and the impossibility of peace until his testicles were somehow returned. Given this colorful yet one-dimensional explanation of a complex conflict, I consider the similarities and differences between this and classic propaganda, which is seen as frequently underlying war in state organized violence.
Green Stomachs, Mau Mau, and the Government of Women
Authors: Holtzman Jon D.
Published: May 2017

This chapter focuses on conflicts between Samburu and Kikuyu agriculturalists, highlighting the role that memory plays in fomenting and structuring violence. Unpacking clashes that erupted in 1998, Samburu argue that these conflicts are rooted Kikuyu hatred for them based in their assistance to the colonial government in suppressing of the Mau Mau in the 1950s. Kikuyu, however, are bewildered that events that long ago events could motivate a recent conflict, instead emphasizing the incompatibility of Samburu as neighbors to those striving towards national and global visions of development. The differing versions of this conflict, and the meaning of the past in it, thus, speak past each other despite forming a shared discursive that ultimately led to violence.
Succession
Authors: Yonemoto Marcia
Published: May 2017

The chapter looks at the unexpected diversity of women’s roles in determining succession to heirship and preserving family lineages over time. Contrary to common assumptions, the inability to produce an heir biologically by no means condemned a lineage to extinction, or a woman to divorce, due in great part to the prevalence of adoption of heirs. The chapter examines the normative discourse on succession, analyzes statistics on heir adoption, and studies family succession strategies as narrated in the diaries, letters, and memoirs of Inoue Tsūjo, Kuroda Tosako, and Itō Maki.
Conclusion
Authors: Yonemoto Marcia
Published: May 2017

Abstract and Keywords to be supplied.
Introduction
Authors: Chin Catherine M. , Schroeder Caroline T.
Published: May 2017

This chapter first provides a historical and biographical introduction to the lives of Melania the Elder and her granddaughter Melania the Younger. It then surveys the treatment of these figures in scholarship on early Christianity and on early Christian women over the course of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, focusing particularly on their presentation in the work of historian Elizabeth A. Clark. Finally, the chapter provides an overview of the following chapters of the book, indicating how each of these chapters contributes to a new way of understanding the lives of the Melanias, and to new ways of writing the history of early Christianity.
Exemplary Women
Authors: Schroeder Caroline T.
Published: May 2017

The Life of Melania the Younger is filled with emotional language and emotionally charged interactions between characters. Desire, zeal, distress, and other emotions paradoxically drive events in a narrative about a woman exceedingly successful in the art of self-control. This chapter examines the function of emotions at the intersection of gender, class, and religion in the Life of Melania the Younger and within the context of late antique hagiography, which typically privileged desire, grief, and maternal love as the standard feminine emotional repertoire. The Life provides a handbook in elite emotional behavior for the emerging Christian ascetic set by presenting a woman deft at the art of public and private self-fashioning.
Posthumous Orthodoxy
Authors: Shepardson Christine
Published: May 2017

Melania the Younger died more than a decade before the Council of Chalcedon (451 CE) and the ensuing bitter conflicts between Chalcedonian and miaphysite Christians. Nevertheless, the Greek Vita by Gerontius portrays her as actively involved in numerous religious and political controversies surrounding bishop Nestorius preceding her death. This chapter argues that the historicity of her alleged anti-Nestorian activities in the Vita must remain in doubt. The anti-Nestorian Melania of the Greek Vita appears to support Gerontius’s miaphysite condemnation of the politically dominant Chalcedonian Christians, providing him with a useful weapon in the pressing Christological battles he faced following her death. While the anti-Nestorian stance Gerontius attributed to Melania remained orthodox in Greek Christianity, his anti-Chalcedonian views, which he considered the natural extension of Melania’s, did not. Gerontius’s Vita Melania thus serves as a microcosm of the complex and highly politicized fifth-century disputes over the definition of Christian orthodoxy.
Afterlives
Authors: Penn Michael
Published: May 2017

In 1903, the Vatican’s secretary of state, Cardinal Mariano Rampolla was heir apparent to the papacy. But he became unexpectedly out of a job due to a veto by the Austro-Hungarian emperor. Rampolla retreated to a life of scholarship to edit a manuscript he had discovered in a monastic library decades earlier, Gerontius’s Life of Melania the Younger. Rampolla’s publication spawned a series of early twentieth-century reactions to Melania’s biography. This work sometimes appeared in scholarly journals. Much appeared in popular press articles such as one that compared Melania’s fasts to those of early twentieth-century suffragettes’ or a series of newspaper headlines referring to “the richest woman in the history of the world!” The hagiography also inspired early twentieth-century imitations, such as Sainte Mélanie, a pious and expanded version of Melania’s Life. This chapter examines an earlier rediscovery of this “indomitable little saint” who was seen as “Richer than Rockefeller.”
The Iron Girls
Authors: Zheng Wang
Published: May 2017

The meanings of “Iron Girls” changed drastically from a socialist cultural symbol of laboring women’s double liberation from gender and class oppressions to apost-socialist symbol of women’s “masculinization” in the socialist period. This chapter locates an ideological rupture in the 1980s and demonstrates discursive maneuvers by urban educated elite that succeededin dismantling socialist ideologies and institutional mechanisms for gender and class equality. A masculinist backlash against women’s social advancement in the socialist period operated in a politics of erasure that obliterated socialist feminists’ endeavors of transforming gender and class hierarchies and that legitimized restoration of pre-socialist “normalcy”based on gender and class inequality. It enabled class reconfiguration in neo-liberalist restructuring of China and solidified “women’s masculinization” as a truth in knowledge production about socialism. The life stories of the Iron Girls in Dazhai are analyzed in contrast with the urban elite’s discursive construction.
Introduction
Authors: Jakelski Lisa
Published: May 2017

The introduction presents the book’s primary themes and concepts: music and the Cold War, the roles institutions and networks have played in shaping musical practices, Stephen Greenblatt’s model of cultural mobility, and Howard Becker’s model of the art world. It gives relevant background information on the history of new music institutions in the twentieth century, as well as a concise account of the development of state socialism in postwar Poland. It also provides an overview of the book’s structure as well as brief summaries of the chapters. The introduction explains that book’s first half examines the festival’s organization and reception in Poland, whereas the latter half explores the Warsaw Autumn’s worldwide ramifications.
Building an Empty Frame
Authors: Jakelski Lisa
Published: May 2017

Chapter 2 argues that self-conscious pluralism enabled festival advocates to negotiate a secure institutional position during a period of cultural retrenchment that began in Poland in the late 1950s. This approach to concert programming developed behind the scenes, during planning meetings in which Warsaw Autumn organizers selected repertoire, grouped works and composers into stylistic and geopolitical categories, and determined of what the festival should consist. Equally important were the maneuvers that took place in printed discourse, wherein critics and other commentators positioned the Warsaw Autumn as an empty frame—that is, a neutral zone in an otherwise polarized world of new music performance. The chapter contends that these negotiations were necessary because, despite rhetoric to the contrary, few observers thought the Warsaw Autumn was truly objective.
From Warsaw to the World
Authors: Jakelski Lisa
Published: May 2017

Chapter 4 details the structural arrangements that facilitated foreign travel to the Warsaw Autumn. It focuses on the non-performers who went to Poland to hear the festival concerts, either as invited special guests or as tourists. The chapter argues that these travelers’ journeys contributed to the circulation of information, ideas, values, financial assets, and objects that took place via the Warsaw Autumn; consequently, their journeys enabled the festival’s effects to extend far beyond Poland. Moreover, the festival’s foreign travelers served an economic function, in that they allowed composers and other players to mobilize resources, accumulate prestige, access new distribution channels, and expand their personal and professional networks. Drawing on work by Stephen Greenblatt as well as Steven Vertovec, this chapter introduces the themes of literal versus metaphorical mobility, and international versus transnational forms of cross-border contact, that will be important throughout the second half of the book.
Cinema as a Media Form
Authors: Musser Charles
Published: May 2017

Sketches out a succession of motion picture practices before 1910, focusing on the integration of two the stereopticon and cinema as a distinct dispositif between 1897 and 1903. The 1900 presidential campaign fell squarely within this time frame. The deployment of emergent media such as the motion pictures and the phonograph are explored, as the election’s paramount issue was Imperialism. McKinley and his running mate Theodore Roosevelt were advocates of American expansionism while William Jennings Bryan ran on an anti-imperialism platform. Illustrated lectures that celebrated US military interventions in Cuba and the Philippines were widely deployed and often presented by military personnel and preachers. They contributed to McKinley’s victory while Bryan supporters failed to make use of this media form.
Trailblazing
Authors: Simon Gregory L.
Published: May 2017

This chapter illuminates how the production of vulnerability proceeds through—and is supported by—interconnected economic development and resource use activities across city and regional scales. It explores the connection between lucrative resource extraction, realty speculation, reforestation, and home construction activities in the Tunnel Fire area. These Oakland Hills Tunnel Fire activities and resulting forms of vulnerability are linked to the development of the San Francisco Bay Area. The historically resource-rich Oakland Hills “countryside” played a crucial role in shaping and facilitating San Francisco's post-Gold Rush economic ascendance. These resource-provisioning activities generated roadways that several decades later fell under the speculative eye of housing developers in search of suburban homes and vacation retreats for the region's new elite. This transition from resource extraction to real estate speculation was instantiated in the landscape, as several logging paths in Oakland became arterial roads populated by municipal infrastructure, flammable tree cover, and eventually a vast collection of new home developments in high fire risk areas.
Who’s Vulnerable?
Authors: Simon Gregory L.
Published: May 2017

This chapter provides a more nuanced depiction of vulnerability in the Tunnel Fire area. The Oakland Hills like many suburban and fire-prone areas of the West comprises residents that may not appear at first glance to be very vulnerable. The oftentimes affluent nature of these communities raises questions about what it actually means to be vulnerable given the presence of vulnerability-offsetting resources (such as insurance); the fact that risks are assumed by homeowners when buying their homes; and the possibility for homeowners to see significant property value increases over time. In light of these circumstances it is not surprising that some hold a less than sympathetic view toward residents in fire-susceptible areas. The chapter argues for the presence of variegated vulnerabilities comprised in a landscape of residents, each with unique sensitivities, resources, finances, psychologies, and family histories. Interviews with residents and fire survivors shed light on diverse expressions of risk and loss that vary from one individual and household to the next. Efforts to trivialize or ignore these risks amount to bad political ecological analysis. The chapter also highlights precise ways affluent communities collectively leverage their financial privileges to minimize or even offset certain risks.
A Generalized Linear Model for DecomposingCis-regulatory, Parent-of-Origin, and Maternal Effects on Allele-Specific Gene Expression
Authors: Takada Yasuaki , Miyagi Ryutaro , Takahashi Aya , Endo Toshinori , Osada Naoki
Published: May 2017

Joint quantification of genetic and epigenetic effects on gene expression is important for understanding the establishment of complex gene regulation systems in living organisms. In particular, genomic imprinting and maternal effects play important roles in the developmental process of mammals and flowering plants. However, the influence of these effects on gene expression are difficult to quantify because they act simultaneously with cis-regulatory mutations. Here we propose a simple method to decompose cis-regulatory (i.e., allelic genotype), genomic imprinting [i.e., parent-of-origin (PO)], and maternal [i.e., maternal genotype (MG)] effects on allele-specific gene expression using RNA-seq data obtained from reciprocal crosses. We evaluated the efficiency of method using a simulated dataset and applied the method to whole-body Drosophila and mouse trophoblast stem cell (TSC) and liver RNA-seq data. Consistent with previous studies, we found little evidence of PO and MG effects in adult Drosophila samples. In contrast, we identified dozens and hundreds of mouse genes with significant PO and MG effects, respectively. Interestingly, a similar number of genes with significant PO effect were detect in mouse TSCs and livers, whereas more genes with significant MG effect were observed in livers. Further application of this method will clarify how these three effects influence gene expression levels in different tissues and developmental stages, and provide novel insight into the evolution of gene expression regulation.
Functional Equivalence of the SOX2 and SOX3 Transcription Factors in the Developing Mouse Brain and Testes
Authors: Adikusuma Fatwa , Pederick Daniel , McAninch Dale , Hughes James , Thomas Paul
Published: May 2017

Gene duplication provides spare genetic material that evolution can craft into new functions. Sox2 and Sox3 are evolutionarily related genes with overlapping and unique sites of expression during embryogenesis. It is currently unclear whether SOX2 and SOX3 have identical or different functions. Here, we use CRISPR/Cas9-assisted mutagenesis to perform a gene-swap, replacing the Sox3 ORF with the Sox2 ORF to investigate their functional equivalence in the brain and testes. We show that increased expression of SOX2 can functionally replace SOX3 in the development of the infundibular recess/ventral diencephalon, and largely rescues pituitary gland defects that occur in Sox3 null mice. We also show that ectopic expression of SOX2 in the testes functionally rescues the spermatogenic defect of Sox3 null mice, and restores gene expression to near normal levels. Together, these in vivo data provide strong evidence that SOX2 and SOX3 proteins are functionally equivalent.
Governor Wolf’s First Year: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Duda Holoviak Paula A. , Baldino Thomas J.
Published: May 2017

Tom Wolf’s first year as governor was dominated by the challenges of reaching a budget compromise with the Republican-­dominated General Assembly. This article provides an overview of the difficulties and accomplishments of the first year of the Wolf administration. The article draws a historical comparison with seven other governors—Leader, Scranton, Shafer, Shapp, Thornburg, Rendell, and Corbett—four Republicans and three Democrats, and it concludes with some observations drawn from these previous governors’ experiences that may inform the Wolf administration as it navigates its remaining years.
Book Reviews
Authors: Kreider Kyle L. , Leckrone J. Wesley , Sosar David P.
Published: May 2017

This edition of COMMONWEALTH includes book reviews of Choosing State Supreme Court Justices: Merit Selection and the Consequences of Institutional Reform, by Greg Goelzhauser; A Nice Place to Visit: Tourism and Urban Revitalization in the Postwar Rustbelt, by Aaron Cowan; and Undocumented Fears: Immigration and the Politics of Divide and Conquer in Hazleton, Pennsylvania, by Jamie Longazel.
Adult Consequences of Self-Limited Delayed Puberty
Authors: Zhu Jia , Chan Yee-Ming
Published: May 2017

Delayed puberty is a common condition defined as the lack of sexual maturation by an age ≥2 SD above the population mean. In the absence of an identified underlying cause, the condition is usually self-limited. Although self-limited delayed puberty is largely believed to be a benign developmental variant with no long-term consequences, several studies have suggested that delayed puberty may in fact have both harmful and protective effects on various adult health outcomes. In particular, height and bone mineral density have been shown to be compromised in some studies of adults with a history of delayed puberty. Delayed puberty may also negatively affect adult psychosocial functioning and educational achievement, and individuals with a history of delayed puberty carry a higher risk for metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. In contrast, a history of delayed puberty appears to be protective for breast and endometrial cancer in women and for testicular cancer in men. Most studies on adult outcomes of self-limited delayed puberty have been in small series with significant variability in outcome measures and study criteria. In this article, we review potential medical and psychosocial issues for adults with a history of self-limited delayed puberty, discuss potential mechanisms underlying these issues, and identify gaps in knowledge and directions for future research.
Managing Stroke During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Hecker Florian ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany, Arsalan Mani ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany, Walther Thomas ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany
Published: May 2017

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the default treatment option for high-risk patients with aortic stenosis and an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in intermediate-risk patients. There are, however, concerns regarding strokes during TAVR. Reported stroke rates vary strongly depending on the type of study, stroke definition, cohort and study period. Furthermore, stroke after TAVR occurs in three distinct phases: 1) early high-risk, directly procedure related; 2) elevated risk interval between day 2 and day 30; 3) late hazard interval. Each of these phases is caused by the different aetiologies of stroke. This review summarises the different aetiologies and potential strategies for managing stroke during TAVR.
Softening and consolidation around seabed pipelines: centrifuge modelling
Authors: Cocjin M. L. , Gourvenec S. M. , White D. J.
Published: May 2017

Solutions for lateral breakout and axial response of submarine pipelines are well established if the undrained shear strength conditions of the soil are known and defined simply (such as uniform or increasing proportionally with depth). In reality, the geometry of the free surface and the distribution of undrained shear strength around a submarine pipeline post-lay are affected by the lay process. This is because of soil berms that form adjacent to the pipe, and remoulding and subsequent reconsolidation of the seabed. The effect of post-lay consolidation on the subsequent lateral and axial response of submarine pipelines has not been previously investigated through physical model testing. This paper presents results from centrifuge model tests describing lateral breakout behaviour of a pipe on soft clay as a function of (a) pipe installation conditions, (b) post-lay pipe weight and (c) consolidation prior to breakout. In addition, the effect of post-lay consolidation on axial pipe response is studied. The experimental results are compared with available numerical and analytical predictions. The results quantify the influence of the installation process, pipe weight and post-installation consolidation on the lateral breakout resistance and trajectory of the pipe and also the axial pipe response, and show how existing prediction methods can capture these effects.
Bank Fees, Aftermarkets, and Consumer Behavior
Authors: Adams Robert M.
Published: May 2017

Fees for banking services have been a policy concern for over 20 years and the subject of several government agencies studies, which focused on the magnitude, incidence, or disclosure of such fees. Using a sample of single market banks, I study the relationship between market-level consumer characteristics and bank fee revenue, fees, and bank return on assets (ROA) to infer consumer and firm behavior. Of particular interest, I use county-level IRS tax records as a measure of the consumer income distribution, but my analysis also includes measures of age and education distributions. I find very little evidence that banks are systematically charging higher aftermarket fees in counties with greater proportions of younger, less educated, or poorer households. Standard measures of competition such as the Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index of deposit concentration are correlated with fees for base checking accounts, but not correlated with aftermarket product fees. Finally, state-wide restrictions on payday lending are correlated with higher bank fees, but not with increased bank revenue or ROA.
Análisis de los secretos compartidos para la autenticación de nodos en las Wireless Sensor Networks mediante el algoritmo de Shamir
Authors: Acedo Arias Miguel Alfredo , Molina Vilchis María Aurora , Silva Otigoza Ramón , Marciano Melchor Magdalena , Portilla Flores Edgar Alfredo
Published: May 2017

Una nueva generación de redes está naciendo a partir de la evolución de dispositivos móviles de comunicación y de la convergencia de las diferentes tecnologías de redes en Internet. Estas son las denominadas redes Ad hoc, cuyas características imponen retos en el enrutamiento, administración eficiente de energía, seguridad, aplicaciones y estandarización. Las WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) son una clase especial de redes Ad hoc, en las que se manejan poblaciones numerosas de dispositivos sensores, describiendo topologías en malla dinámicas. Estas redes igual que Internet son objeto de múltiples ataques de suplantación de identidad realizados por usuarios maliciosos que persiguen objetivos diversos. En este artículo se presenta un protocolo de autenticación de nodos basado en el esquema de secretos compartidos de Shamir para una red de WSN con una población alta de nodos.
Impact of Television Commercials on Consumer Buying Preference for Personal Care Products
Authors: Khanam Anisa , Verma Abhay
Published: May 2017

Advertising is the key for building, creating and sustaining brands. Advertisements are the
most common and effective method of creating awareness among the consumers. The use of
television, FM websites are much wider as compared of those in early years. A television
commercial, ad or TV spot is a compact short-term visual used by advertising to convey their
messages to an audience through the electronic medium known as television. TV Commercials
are the most popular advertising medium in India. The launch of new channels is a common
practice of the companies. Television Advertisements play a major role in persuading, informing
and reminding both potential and existing customers towards making a brand decision. It
plays a vital role in shaping dreams and aspirations and helps customer take conscious
product and brand decisions.
Digilocker : A Better India for Tomorrow
Authors: Chowdhury Indraniel , Singh Neetu
Published: May 2017

Digital Technologies which include Cloud Computing and Mobile Applications have emerged
as catalysts for rapid economic growth and citizen empowerment across the globe. Digital
technologies are being increasingly used by us in everyday lives from retail stores to
government offices. They help us to connect with each other and also to share information on
issues and concerns faced by us. Digital technologies are a platform where we can work on
many fields and one such field is Digital locker. Digital Locker is one of the ambitious aspects
of Digital India Programme. Digi locker is a system which secures the insecurities regarding
losing the crucial data. Thus this paper takes an overview about what is all about Digital India
with its nine pillars. Further this paper explain Digilocker i.e. digital locker concept with
features, objectives of digital locker, analysis of the problem faced by the people and creating
a Digilocker Account with example and application of e-documents in everyday lives.
E-Waste: Strategies for Optimizing Sustainable Computing
Authors: Rajvanshi Priti , Sharma Rashmi Trivedi
Published: May 2017

Information Technology era is where the life revolves around computer and its infrastructure
services. There are some benefits of computers that are enormous, ranging from reliable
knowledge transfer to availability of information anytime, anywhere, making it everyone’s
genie. But this genie brings along a number of other issues which are concern for all. The
paper focuses on practical techniques and strategies to encourage environmentally conscious
manufacture, use of information technology and know-how to convert E-Waste to the Best.
The analysis and empirical evaluation of each reported technique is given with a comparison
of each in terms of their environmental impact.
Paradigms of Sustainable Development: The Contribution of Participatory Development Support Communication
Authors: Padhy Mahendra Kumar
Published: May 2017

The research paper is an attempt to identify and delineate the role of participatory development
communication in general and specific roles of various communication channels in meeting
the goals of protecting biodiversity and regulating its depletion in particular for maintaining
development sustainability both at local and global level. The goal of conserving biodiversity
is not confined to one locality or region or nation but embraces the entire globe. It requires
people to think globally and act locally for the development and growth of Environmental
Ecology. Informed and conscious citizens can utilize poverty alleviation programmes
effectively and successfully. Informed and conscious citizens can also play a responsible
role in promoting environmental protection and preserving biodiversity in various walks of
their lives. In fact to fulfill the goals of sustainable development through protecting biodiversity,
there is an indispensable need to mould a lifestyle that is environment friendly and equitable
all over the world.
Participatory Communication in general and various communication channels in particular
have a potential role to play in moulding such a lifestyle. Poverty eradication, food security,
protecting the environment, reducing the consumption of non-renewable resources and
increasing the use of renewable resources, conservation of biological diversity, land degradation
and deforestation, waste management, using appropriate technologies, land reforms,
population control and stabilization, upholding basic human rights, social welfare and women’s
upliftment, promoting intra-generational and inter-generational equity, and participation of
people from individual, local levels to global levels, being the various important objectives of
sustainable development, different communication channels have a potential role to play in
fulfilling these objectives. Though participatory environmental communication alone is not
sufficient to meet these objectives but is a crucial element in facilitating the fulfillment of
these objectives.
A Review and Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions and Trainings for Service Providers and Frontline Staff
Authors: An Soonok , Choi Y. Joon
Published: May 2017

Despite a long history of various service providers’ interactions with the survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV), previous reviews of interventions for service providers addressing IPV have only focused on those employed in medical settings. This review closely examines evidence related to interventions for service providers and frontline staff in nonmedical settings to identify effective interventions to address IPV and assist IPV survivors. Using explicit criteria, 16 studies were included in this review. This review offers a synthesis of the 16 studies by illuminating types of the interventions, outcomes and their effectiveness, settings of the interventions, and their quality of design. Specific implications are discussed to guide future practice, research, and policy.
Intimate Partner Abuse and Attachment: A Comparison Between Abused and Nonabused Women
Authors: Davidson M. Meghan , Butchko Michael S. , Castro Janice E. , Robbins Krista
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine intimate partner abuse (IPA), parental attachment, and romantic attachment among college women. More specifically, IPA was examined such that women who had experienced abuse and those who had not were compared with respect to parental and romantic attachment using the lens of attachment theory. Undergraduate women (N = 502) completed an online survey assessing their experiences of IPA as well as their parental and romantic attachment styles. Bivariate correlations demonstrated that IPA was significantly associated with all study variables (i.e., love withdrawal, care, and overprotection from both mother and father; romantic anxiety) in the hypothesized directions with the exception of romantic avoidance not being associated with abuse. Regarding the comparison of women who had experienced abuse (n = 367) to women who had not experienced abuse (n = 135), one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed significant group mean differences in the hypothesized directions between abused and nonabused women with respect to love withdrawal and overprotection from both mothers and fathers, and romantic anxiety. In addition, psychological IPA and physical IPA were examined separately, yielding additional group differences regarding care from father and care from both mother and father, respectively. This work begins to examine attachment and IPA in new ways because it examines both parental attachment and romantic attachment in relation to IPA.
Mother, Father, and Teacher Agreement on Victimization and Bullying in Children With Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Mayes Susan Dickerson , Calhoun Susan L. , Siddiqui Farhat , Baweja Raman , Waschbusch Daniel A. , Mattison Richard E. , Babinski Dara E.
Published: May 2017

Bullying is a significant international problem, and parent–teacher agreement on identifying perpetrators and victims is poor in general population studies. The goal of our study is to assess informant discrepancies in children with mental health disorders. Parents and teachers completed the Pediatric Behavior Scale as part of a diagnostic evaluation for 1,723 children (ages 2–16 years) referred to a psychiatry clinic over the past 10 years. Mother and father bullying and victimization ratings on the Pediatric Behavior Scale were similar, but parent–teacher agreement was poor. Half of parents considered their child a victim, twice the percentage for teachers. Parents were 1.2 times more likely than teachers to perceive their child as a bully. Most parents reported their child was a victim or bully, whereas most teachers reported the children were neither. For both parents and teachers, victim and bully percentages for our psychiatric sample were twice as high as in general population studies. Clinicians should obtain information from multiple informants and consider that teacher report is likely to be lower than parent report.
Impact of Docosahexaenoic Acid Therapy on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota
Authors: Naqvi Asghar Z. , Mu Lin , Hasturk Hatice , Van Dyke Thomas E. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Goodson J. Max
Published: May 2017

Background: Oral docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + aspirin therapy has been shown to reduce periodontal probing depth (PD) and local inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among patients with untreated chronic periodontal disease. Whether DHA + aspirin therapy influences specific bacterial burden in this setting is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of DHA with low‐dose aspirin therapy on periodontal bacterial profile in patients with periodontitis.

Methods: Fifty‐five adults with moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis were enrolled in a randomized, 3‐month double‐masked, placebo‐controlled trial of daily 2 g DHA or placebo capsules enriched with 81 mg aspirin; 46 enrollees completed the trial. In addition to clinical measurements and GCF sampling, subgingival plaque samples were collected from four posterior sites in all participants and analyzed by the checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization technique. Presence of 40 periodontal bacterial species at baseline and 3 months was semiquantitatively estimated.

Results: Despite broad improvements in clinical parameters, total bacteria and individual species counts in dental plaque did not differ significantly between baseline and 3 months in either group (P >0.1 for all). A modest effect of DHA + aspirin on Porphyromonas gingivalis counts was associated with 14% (95% confidence interval: 3% to 35%) of the observed benefit of DHA on PD. DHA + aspirin had no significant effect on individual plaque bacterial counts in unadjusted models or those adjusted for age, sex, and race (P >0.1 for all).

Conclusions: This pilot randomized, controlled trial suggests that DHA + aspirin therapy improves periodontitis largely by modulating host inflammatory response. Changes in individual species levels in subgingival plaque microbiota were not detectable; however, a small portion of the benefit appears to stem from changes in P. gingivalis levels in the DHA + aspirin treatment group. Whether this change in P. gingivalis levels leads to biofilm alteration with reversal of dysbiosis requires further longitudinal and more specific investigations.
EVOLUÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA NO SETOR VITIVINÍCOLA: VÍNCULOS COM A EMBRAPA UVA E VINHO
Authors: Rosa de Almeida Carla Cristina , Corrêa Vinícius Salatin , Soares Suzana Da Silva
Published: May 2017

Os avanços tecnológicos do setor vitivinícola permitiram a expansão geográfica do cultivo da uva nas últimas décadas. Nesse processo, pretende-se analisar o papel da Embrapa Uva e Vinho, abordando a relevância que a interação com o setor produtivo proporciona à evolução tecnológica do setor e, em particular, seus reflexos sobre a produção de uva no estado de Mato Grosso, através dos vínculos com a Agropecuária Melina. Em termos teóricos, apoia-se nas teorias evolucionárias sobre interação do sistema acadêmico com empresas. Além disso, esta pesquisa caracterizou-se pela natureza empírica, qualitativa e descritiva, utilizando a técnica de estudo de caso. A estratégia de coleta de dados abrangeu pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo, sendo a última realizada de forma presencial junto a Agropecuária Melina, localizada no estado de Mato Grosso. Conclui-se que o impacto das pesquisas no setor produtivo em estudo é positivo, já que o padrão tecnológico atual do setor vitivinícola está relacionado à trajetória das próprias instituições públicas de pesquisa, responsáveis pela geração de conhecimento científico. Ademais, esse impacto é maior em virtude da difusão tecnológica e absorção do conhecimento pelas firmas, ambas promovidos pela interação, sobretudo com a Embrapa Uva e Vinho.
El carbono orgánico en Leptosols con distribución discontinua en la península de Yucatán
Authors: Delgado-Carranza Carmen , Bautista Francisco , Calvo-Irabien Luz Ma. , Aguilar-Duarte Yameli Guadalupe , Martínez-Tellez Jazmín Guadalupe
Published: May 2017

Para determinar el contenido del carbono orgánico en el suelo (COS) se requiere cuanti car la fracción gruesa (piedras y gravas), la densidad aparente (DA) y profundidad. El inventario de suelos del INEGI no reporta estos datos, por lo que los mapas de COS generan dudas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la variabilidad espacial del carbono orgánico del suelo a distancias cortas, así como los contenidos del carbono orgánico por unidad de área en suelos Leptosols del norte de la península de Yucatán. Se tomaron 102 muestras, para determinar el carbono orgánico por la técnica de dicromato de potasio; separando los fragmentos gruesos (grava gruesa, grava mediana y grava na) de la tierra na; el color se registró en seco y húmedo. La DA se midió con la cantidad de tierra na en un volumen de 10 x 10 cm de super cie con profundidad variable hasta encontrar la roca; el análisis geoestadístico se realizó mediante kriging ordinario. Los suelos Leptosols presentaron valores de COS por debajo de 100 t ha-1 , con valores medios de 32.85, 37.57, 43.72 y 61.93 t ha-1 , para suelos pardos obscuros, pardos muy obscuros, negros y grises muy obscuros, respectivamente. Los fragmentos gruesos varían de 6.7 a 96.4 %, con promedio de 71.15 %. Se encontró que los valores de carbono orgánico del suelo son menores a los reportados en unidad de super cie.
Distribución mineral de plantas de tomate irrigadas con agua contaminada con benceno, diésel y gasolina
Authors: Martel Valles José Fernando , Martel Valles Jose Fernando , Cuevas González Eloy , Benavides Mendoza Adalberto , Valdez Aguilar Luis Alonso , Foroughbakchk Pournavab Rahim
Published: May 2017

Como consecuencia de las actividades antropogénicas se obtienen aguas residuales que pueden contener hidrocarburos y metales pesados, entre otros. Los derivados del petróleo (diésel, gasolina y benceno) se producen en grandes cantidades y representan un riesgo de contaminación para los suelos y agua. Existen evidencias de daños y muerte de plantas al irrigarlas con agua que contiene diésel y gasolina o una mezcla de ambos, en contraste es sabido que las aguas residuales contienen minerales esenciales para las plantas, por lo que podrían utilizarse como agua de riego, dependiendo de la concentración, aquellas que contienen hidrocarburos. Este ensayo muestra la respuesta de las plantas de tomate tratadas con aplicaciones diarias de benceno, gasolina y diésel a dos concentraciones de cada uno (15 mg L-1 y 30 mg L-1), las aplicaciones fueron directas al sustrato junto con el riego, para que las plantas absorbieran los hidrocarburos por la raíz. Se utilizó un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y prueba de medias de Fisher LSD para determinar diferencias estadísticas en todas las variables evaluadas. Los resultados mostraron que las plantas lograron terminar su ciclo de fructificación con aplicaciones de benceno y gasolina de 15 mg L-1 y 30 mg L-1. El tratamiento con diésel de 30 mg L-1 disminuyó los oBrix en el fruto, la concentración de calcio, sodio y cobre a 23.96, 18.7 y 0.10 mmol kg-1 respectivamente, incrementó la conductividad eléctrica a 4.53 dS m-1 y causó la muerte del 55% de las plantas.
Parámetros genéticos para caracteres asociados a la curva de crecimiento de bovinos Tropicarne
Authors: Dominguez-Viveros Joel , Rodríguez-Almeida Felipe Alonso , Núñez-Domínguez Rafael , Ramírez-Valverde Rodolfo , Ortega-Gutiérrez Juan Ángel
Published: May 2017

El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar parámetros genéticos para el peso adulto (PEA) y tasa de crecimiento (TAC) de bovinos Tropicarne, derivados del modelo no lineal de Brody; así como analizar las posibles relaciones genéticas de estas variables con el peso al destete (PD). Se analizaron 994 datos de PEA (kg) y de TAC (kg-1 mes-1) y 1 506 datos de PD ajustado a 240 d. Los valores promedio y la desviación estándar (±) para PEA, TAC y PD (kg) fueron de 419.1 ± 94.4, 0.0081 ± 0.0039 y 206.8 ± 34.1, respectivamente. El pedigrí se integró por 2 504 individuos. Se realizó un análisis multivariado, a partir de un modelo mixto que consideró como efectos jos los grupos contemporáneos y la covariable edad de la vaca al parto (lineal y cuadrático); y como aleatorios los efectos genéticos directos y maternos, maternos de ambiente permanente y residuales. Se estimó la heredabilidad directa (h2a) y materna (h2m), las correlaciones genéticas entre los efectos directos (raa), los maternos (rmm), y los directos con maternos (ram). Las h2a oscilaron de 0.18 a 0.30, y las h2m de 0.07 a 0.39; lo cual indica una probable respuesta a la selección en PEA y TAC. Todas las correlaciones genéticas fueron positivas en un intervalo de 0.09 a 0.87, con excepción de raa entre PEA y TAC (0.57); este antagonismo genético indica que los individuos con tasas altas de crecimiento no son los de mayor peso adulto.
Dietas para cerdos en iniciación incluyendo salvado de trigo y adicionadas con xilanasas
Authors: Martínez-Aispuro José Alfredo , Figueroa-Velazco José Luis , Cordero-Mora José Luis , Sánchez Torres-Esqueda María Teresa , Martínez-Aispuro Manuel
Published: May 2017

El objetivo fue evaluar la adición de xilanasas en dietas con alta cantidad de salvado de trigo (ST) y dos niveles de energía para cerdos en iniciación sobre la respuesta productiva, características de la canal y concentración de urea en plasma. Se utilizaron 48 cerdos híbridos castrados de 7.98 kg de peso inicial y 28 d de edad, distribuidos en un diseño completamente al azar. Los tratamientos (T) fueron: T1, dieta testigo: 3350 Kcal de EM kg−1; T2: 3275 Kcal de EM kg−1 + xilanasas; T3: 3350 Kcal de EM kg−1+ xilanasas; T4: 3350 Kcal de EM kg−1+ ST + xilanasas; T5: 3275 Kcal de EM kg−1+ ST + xilanasas; T6: 3350 de EM kg−1+ ST + xilanasas. Los datos se analizaron con ANOVA, las medias de los tratamientos se compararon con la prueba de Tukey (p ≤ 0.1). Para la ganancia de peso (GDP), consumo de alimento, peso nal (PVF) y ganancia de carne magra (GCM) se observó mejor respuesta en cerdos alimentados sin ST (p ≤ 0.1); compensando las xilanasas la reducción de energía. La inclusión de xilanasas en dietas con ST redujo la GDP y el pVF (p ≤ 0.1). La inclusión de ST no modi có la grasa dorsal (GD), área del músculo longissimus (AML) y GCM (p > 0.1). La GD y AML no fueron afectadas al reducir la energía en las dietas sin ST (p > 0.1). Las dietas con alto contenido de salvado de trigo afectan las variables productivas; aunque se compensa con la adición de xilanasas mientras se respete la matriz energética.