bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sumbangan Indeks Kualitas Udara Wilayah sebagai Bagian Pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Magetan)
Authors: Arini Dien Rusda , Purnawan Candra , Rahayu Endang Siti , Purnomo Nugroho Andi
Published: January 2023

Indeks Kualitas Udara yang selanjutnya disingkat IKU adalah ukuran yang menggambarkan kualitas udara yang merupakan nilai komposit dari parameter kualitas udara yang ditetapkan peraturan perundang-undangan. Indeks Kualitas Udara (IKU) Kabupaten Magetan Tahun 2021 sebesar 85,28 atau kategori “baik” yang berarti bahwa indeks kualitas udara di Kabupaten Magetan masih di bawah target nilai IKU Nasional Tahun 2021 yakni sebesar 87,36 dan masih di bawah target nilai IKU Kabupaten Magetan Tahun 2021 yaitu sebesar 88,42
Analisis Lalu Lintas Terhadap Kapasitas Jalan Jolotundo Kota Semarang
Authors: Wardani Agustina , Ilonka Willy Anastasya
Published: January 2023

Road capacity is the ability of road sections to accommodate ideal traffic flow or volume in a certain unit of time, expressed in the number of vehicles passing through a certain road section in one hour. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of road traffic by calculating passing vehicles, road geometric conditions and environmental conditions. The study conducted in this research is conducted on the Jolotundo road section of Semarang city with the aim of calculating capacity and level of service, namely by conducting surveys (starting from 06.00 - 09.00 and 15.00 - 18.00), the data obtained are traffic volume data, vehicle speed and road geometric data. The data processing was carried out using the 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) method where the degree of saturation (DS) as an indicator of traffic behavior on the Jolotundo section of Semarang City. From the results of the survey data processing, the capacity value on this road section is 1543.25 smp/hour and the level of service at LOS C with a value of 0.49, which means that the traffic volume on the Jolotundo road section currently has a stable flow, but the speed and movement of vehicles are controlled.
THERMODYNAMICS OF ION PAIR CONVERSION IN ALCOHOL SOLUTIONS OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
Authors: Bulavin V. , V’unik I. , Kramarenko A. , Rusinov A.
Published: January 2023

The thermodynamic quantities of the dissociation stages of contact ion pairs (CIP) and solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIP) into ions, conversion of CIP into SSIP of the ionization process of HCl in n-alcohols from methyl to n-octyl at 278.15 – 328.15 K, i.e. in non-aqueous solvents that are most frequently used in chemical research and in chemical technology have been calculated. The proton and chloride ion forming HCl are modeled in a comparative study of the solvation process and the molecular mechanism of acid ionization in various solvents, which emphasizes the relevance of this study, in which the influence of the nature of the solvent, hydrogen chloride ions and temperature on the above thermodynamic quantities are considered. The calculation of the dissociation constants of CIP was carried out according to Ebeling’s equation, which takes into account the short-range repulsive forces between the ions in the ion pair and the dispersion interactions between the solvent molecules. The dissociation constants and thermodynamic quantities of SSIPs have been calculated by the Schwartz method, which evaluates the physical and chemical parameters of the solvent (besides the dielectric permittivity also the free volume of the solvent molecules, isothermal compressibility, etc.) that significantly affect the properties of ion pairs. The main conclusions drawn from our analysis of the array of thermodynamic data on the ionization stages of HCl in n-alcohols from methyl to n-octyl: (a) in methanol the predominant among the ion pairs are SSIPs, in ethanol the concentration of CIPs and SSIPs is approximately the same, and in other alcohols, the CIPs predominate; b) the concentration of CIPs increases with increasing alkyl radical of the alcohol when passing from methanol to n-octanol respectively from 30% to 95%; c) ratio of enthalpic (ΔconvH°) and entropic (–TΔconvS°) factors in methanol and ethanol ensures spontaneous conversion of CIP to SSIP; d) in alcohols from n-propyl to n-octyl values and sign ΔG° for the stages of dissociation of CIP and SSIP into ions and conversion of CIP to SSIP are determined by the entropic term (–ТΔS°), which leads to deconversion of ion pairs, i.e., the conversion of SSIPs into CIPs.
TECHNOLOGY WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING METHOD OF THE VERMIFILTRATION
Authors: Zinchenko M. , Hetta O.
Published: January 2023

The problem of water sources protection and access to drinking water is an important priority for the entire world community. The discharge of untreated or insufficiently treated wastewater into open water bodies leads to a violation of their ecological balance, the complete death of aerobic organisms and the development of decay processes. Therefore, ensuring effective wastewater purification from pollution is a task of current interest.

Perhaps, among the systems currently used for wastewater treatment, biological methods occupy the most important place. However, the issue of such methods is the increased technogenic load on the environment due to sufficiently large volumes of excess activated sludge, which leads to the necessity of using equipment for its processing and storage and does not allow the creation of a closed technological cycle for wastewater treatment.

The new technology of biological wastewater treatment through vermifiltration, that is, with the use of earthworms, is devoid of all the above disadvantages and can be used to treat domestic and industrial wastewater. The technology is based on the ability of earthworms to work as "biofilters". They absorb organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater, digest them and release them as their excrement (coprolites) into the environment. With such processing of wastewater, takes place the cleaning, disinfection, detoxication of the water, as well as the transformation of organic and inorganic components into an organo-mineral fertilizer - vermicompost and earthworm biomass, which can serve as a raw material for the feed and pharmaceutical industries
FORMATION OF COMPOSITE COATINGS WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES IN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Sakhnenko M. , Yermolenko I. , Korohodska A. , Karakurkchi H. , Gorohivska N.
Published: January 2023

The article presents and analyzes the results of the study of the influence of a constant magnetic field on the electrodeposition processes of the ferrum family metals and their alloys. The studies performed indicate the effect of accelerating deposition, improving the surface morphology and hardness of the obtained coatings. Composite coatings applied under the influence of a constant magnetic field can have higher corrosion resistance, improved photocatalytic and magnetic properties than those obtained without it. It has been established that the presence of a constant magnetic field changes the chemical composition of the studied material. There is an increase in the ferromagnetic and a decrease in the diamagnetic component. To assess the magnetic properties, samples of Fe-Co-W and Fe-Co-Mo coatings deposited by unipolar pulsed current at different electrolysis durations were selected, which is due to the difference in the thickness and distribution of the components. The results obtained suggest that in the nonequilibrium process of electrodeposition in three-component alloys, clusters with a short-range order characteristic of a number of intermetallic nonmagnetic compounds are formed, which leads to a decrease in the saturation magnetization of the alloy. The Fe-Co-W coatings are characterized by higher values of the coercive force compared to amorphous alloys, in which the elements P, B, Si act as a non-magnetic component. Probably, for the Fe-Co-W alloy, large clusters with a compositional order similar to the arrangement of atoms in the paramagnetic intermetallic phase with tungsten, along with surface roughness and free volume, play a significant role in magnetization reversal. The results obtained make it possible to classify the obtained Fe-Co-W galvanic alloys as magnetically hard, and Fe-Co-Mo as magnetically soft materials, which, in combination with high microhardness, opens up prospects for the use of such systems in the production of magnetic elements for recording and reproducing information and microelectromechanical systems respectively. With properly designed field structures, new magnetic nanostructures and a new level of control over industrial catalytic and electroplating processes can be created.
COMBINED METHOD OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF A SMALL-CAPACITY BREWERY
Authors: Pyrozhenko Ye.
Published: January 2023

With the help of the proposed circuit of EMT, the method of simultaneous measurements of the static characteristics of the magnetic fluid: specific electrical conductivity χt, magnetic susceptibility kt and temperature t of the magnetic fluid, which is recommended to be used for wastewater treatment of breweries, was investigated. A combined method of cleaning has been developed and the appropriate technological scheme has been improved, which provides, together with the use of mechanical cleaning devices, the use of an additional filter for magnetizing wastewater samples, which includes a special zone for the introduction of a pre-calculated magnetic liquid. Thus, in the process of wastewater treatment, mini-breweries using the proposed combined method, after applying methods of pre mechanical cleaning, use the wastewater interaction and the magnetic fluid: after intensive stirring of the mixture, the droplets of magnetic fluid dissolve in impurities and a weakly magnetic fluid is formed, which enters the magnetic separator for further cleaning. A rational ratio of wastewater: magnetic fluid (WW:MF), WW:MF = 8,7‧10-3: 1 was found. A comparison of the data obtained using informative methods with the data given in the regulatory documents witness the effectiveness of the proposed combined method of beer wastewater treatment in relation to the norms of water discharge into the city sewer, namely, the hydrogen pH indicator decreases as a result of the treatment by 34.6%, COD by 7.14 times, BOD5 by 1.52 times, suspended substances by 1.52 times, calcium cations Ca2+ by 1.53 times, magnesium cations Mg2+ by 1.51 times, total hardness dH by 1.64 times, carbonate hardness KH by 1, 86 times.
Edukasi Seksual Islami di MA NU Miftahul Falah Dawe Kudus
Authors: Yasfin Moh Anwar , Munachifdlil 'Ula Ahmad NIlnal
Published: January 2023

Edukasi seksual islami bagi remaja sangat penting adanya sebagai antisipasi perilaku menyimpang. Selain itu edukasi seksual mampu mengetahui perilaku seksual yang positif serta bagaimana remaja merespon ketahanan psikologis yang sedang dialami. Dampak edukasi seksual bagi ketahanan psikologi remaja ialah terciptanya remaja yang memiliki perilaku seksual yang positif dan menciptakan ketahanan psikologis remaja. Olehkarenanya dalam hal ini penyuluhan edukasi seksual islami dilakukan terhadap siswa siswi MA NU Miftahul Falah. Metode yang dilaksanakan dalam penyuluhan ini adalah dengan memberikan wawsan serta diskusi terhadap siswa mengani topik edukasi seksual islami. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan edukasi seks bagi remaja guna mengetahui perilaku seksual positif dan ketahanan psikologis yang remaja alami, serta memotivasi remaja agar tidak melakukan pernikahan dini jika belum siap fisik dan mental. Hasilnya, Siswa MA NU Miftahul Falah Dawe memiliki pengetahuan tentang edukasi seksual islami cukup baik serta memiliki ketahanan psikologis yang baik.
Menumbuhkan Literasi Anak Di Era Digital Berbasis Komunitas Di Komunitas Peduli Membaca (KOMPIM) Melalui Lomba Dedongengan Desa Ngemplak Kidul Kec. Margoyoso Kab. Pati
Authors: Khoiriyah Nur , Kurniawan Fajar Adhi , Setiawan Aris , Shofiyullah Shofiyullah
Published: January 2023

Child literacy is a big challenge for the world of education today. This is influenced by various reasons including the increasingly widespread negative effects of digital, and the effects of online learning during Covid-19. The school environment, family and the surrounding community have a big contribution in improving children's literacy. The Dedongengan Competition activity is one of the efforts to foster community-based children's literacy in Ngemplak Kidul Village, Margoyoso District, Pati Regency. This activity was carried out using the PLA (Participatory Learning and Action) method. by using the PLA method various parties can participate in the implementation of this activity. With this method the participation of various parties was successfully carried out. Various partners include KOMPIM, local village government, local educational institutions, PMII Mutamakin Commissariat, KPI Study Program, and PIAUD Study Program. This dedongengan contest was successfully carried out with 11 children participating, and enthusiastically from partner institutions. Contest participants convey local wisdom fairy tales using attractive costumes. It is hoped that this activity can be continued continuously by the local community
Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Self Compassion Pada Mahasiswa Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Harnas Fanny Anggriani , Gustriani Tiara , Azra Muhammad Zein
Published: January 2023

The Relationship between Social Support and Self Compassion for Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study aims to determine the relationship between social support and self-compassion for students in the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample in this study amounted to 270 students (male 19.3% and female 80.7%) Faculty of Psychology UIN Suska Riau with a sampling technique using stratified random sampling. The data collection method in this study used a social support scale and a self-compassion scale. based on the results of the product moment correlation analysis obtained a correlation value of 0.462 with a significance of 0.000. The results showed that the hypothesis was accepted, which means that there is a relationship between social support and self-compassion for students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further researchers can conduct research on one of the components of self-compassion, namely mindfulness and the type of social support, namely appreciation support.

 
Keywords: Social Support, Self-compassion, Covid-19 Pandemic
Meningkatkan Sikap Sosial Peserta Didik Melalui Layanan Bimbingan Klasikal Pada Masa New Normal
Authors: Umi Coiroel
Published: January 2023

Improving Students' Social Attitudes Through Classical Guidance Services During the New Normal Period. This study aims to improve students' social attitudes using classical guidance, so that with a good understanding of social attitudes students can adjust to new normal conditions. The subjects in the study were class VIII F students of SMP Negeri 2 Blitar in the 2021/2022 academic year, totaling 31 consisting of 15 males and 16 females. Subjects were taken through a purposive sampling procedure. This action research is planned in two cycles, where in the cycle stage, two meetings are conducted. The type of research is Classroom Action Research in the field of Guidance and Counseling, namely by examining and reporting problems related to the social attitudes of students in schools with comparative descriptive analysis methods. The results of the comparative descriptive analysis showed that the social attitudes of students in the initial conditions, cycle I and cycle II experienced significant changes. This is shown in the initial data acquisition only 10 students (31.4%) have good social attitudes, but in the second cycle after the post test data obtained 26 students (83.9%) have good social attitudes. This study proves that classical guidance services are able to improve the social attitudes of VIII F students of SMP Negeri 2 for the 2021/2022 academic year..

Keywords: Social Attitude, Classical Guidance, New Normal
Implementation Of Modelling Techniques Of Group Guidance Service to Develop the Student’s Attitudes
Authors: Setyawan David Ari
Published: January 2023

Implementation Of Modelling Techniques Of Group Guidance Service to Develop the Student’s Attitudes. In this counseling guidance has aim to describe group guidance with modeling techniques in developing students' attitudes toward teachers. The method used in this paper is the successful application of the modeling technique group guidance services to develop students' attitudes toward teachers, the application of modeling techniques using group guidance. The target or application of the modeling technique group guidance service is the students. For guidance and counseling teachers, they should continue to explore counseling approaches and provide group guidance on modeling techniques for overcoming the attitude problems of students.
Keywords: Group Guidance, Attitude Modelling Techniques
Dogs trigger attention during Animal Assisted Intervention in prison: a preliminary study
Authors: Grandgeorge Marine , Hausberger Martine , Heyraud Christine , Hirschelmann Astrid
Published: January 2023

Animal-assisted interventions (AAI) seem to offer promising possibilities to prevent daily conditions of inmates (overcrowding or social isolation); however, nothing is known either about the potential processes involved or impact AAI on the development of interactions between inmates. We hypothesized that either dogs would be a source and the centre of attention, thereby that dog may induce more dog-inmate interactions, or dogs would be social catalyst, i.e. facilitator of social interactions between humans. For that, we analysed first one-hour AAI sessions involving 10 adult male inmates, 7 service dogs and one dog handler. An observer recorded, using ethological methods, spatial distances between dogs and inmates and between humans, direction of inmates’ gazes and their vocal behaviour. Hypothesis that dogs could be social catalyst was not supported: each inmate interacted mainly with his own dog. Own dog was the almost only exclusive partner with whom they communicated: target of their visual gazes, vocal production and physical contact. Based on literature and this preliminary research, we suggested that the animal/human ratio could be a crucial factor influencing the quality and quantity of AAI interactions.
Effects of dogs’ visits to a public exhibition
Authors: Marnoto Vanda , Pereira Gonçalo G. , Fragoso Sara , Faria Ana , Soares Sandra , Elias Florbela , Santos Rita , Silva Márcia , Saraiva Sónia , Santos Ana , Galhardo Leonor
Published: January 2023

Outdoor activities with dogs are known to be physically and mentally beneficial to them and their owners, but less is known about their circulation in public spaces. This study aimed to understand the effects of dog-owner dyad’s visits to an interactive exhibition on the dogs’ behaviour and the perceptions of owners, visitors, and staff. 38 dog-owner dyads were studied in four rooms (Angry Birds, Dòing, Explora and Access) over eight periods of 90 minutes during which animals’ behaviour was sampled, and questionnaires were filled out by owners, visitors, and staff. Results showed that a very high percentage of owners and more than half of the visitors and staff acknowledged benefits for dyads, with a great majority not feeling disturbed by the presence of the dogs. Only 6% of visitors mentioned less tolerance to dogs in this space, exclusively associated with their own beliefs and apprehensions. Dogs’ behaviour was characterised by 44% of the time in managing surrounding stimuli (stress management), 28% in neutral behaviour, 27% in interactions with humans, dogs, and the environment, and merely 1% in the expression of avoid/fear specific patterns. Training promoted more displaced activities and interaction with owners in less favourable contexts for possible control, coordination, and reassurance. As expected, dogs’ behaviour varied with rooms, showing higher reactivity in the more dynamic one (Angry Birds). Calm and well-managed dogs’ behaviour is likely to have promoted the perception of non-disturbance by other people. In conclusion, well-behaved dogs may visit public spaces promoting a higher quality of dog-human interactions.
Detector dog training shows companion-dogs rapidly remember the what and where of instinctively significant scents
Authors: Adams Graham Joseph
Published: January 2023

Companion dogs with no previous experience were trained in a drug detector dog adapted method to recognise the scents of ‘prey’ animals and allowed to sleep in their natural habitat, at home with their owners. After each of two consecutive nights sleep they were evaluated on the next days. We tested their declarative memory (knowing that) and also procedural memory (knowing how), by using chase-and-fetch training and testing routines, which involved walking and running around as well as sniffing. All dogs were able to remember what their trained-for scents were and most dogs were also able to remember where their trained-for scents were against distractors. There were indications that scent memory could be reinforced and can be further learned that day. After training, when dogs were denied their day time and evening sleeps and instead provided with stimulating activities, surprisingly they still showed no ‘first-night-effect’ (of disrupted sleep and subsequent memory reduction) and successfully found their trained-for scents, which was attributed either to their robust short sleep-wake cycles, them being highly motivated and being in their natural habitat. Our evidence showed that after training (using their dominant sense of smell) our dogs showed all the aspects of sleep including both NREM and REM and demonstrated their declarative and especially their procedural memories on subsequent days. There was no significant difference in the number of sleep sessions per hour, the time asleep, the sleep session length, the percentage of time in REM or REM latency between normal day and night sleep compared with denied day/evening and normal night sleep.

These findings provide a further indication of dogs’ sense of self when applying the same criteria for humans. There was a sign that REM sleep in old dogs is not reduced when they are monitored at home. We believe that it is possible for companion dog owners whose dogs’ enthusiastically fetch, to readily train their own dogs by this method
Diseño, validación y aplicación de un cuestionario para medir la influencia de factores exógenos sobre la eficacia del aprendizaje invertido
Authors: Fuentes Cabrera Arturo , López Belmonte Jesús , Parra González María Elena , Morales Cevallos María Belén
Published: January 2023

Los progresos acaecidos en materia tecnológica han provocado la aparición de nuevos modelos de aprendizaje en el mundo de la educación. Entre estos modelos se encuentra el aprendizaje invertido. El objetivo de este estudio pasa por diseñar y validar un instrumento para valorar la eficacia del aprendizaje invertido, así como por conocer la incidencia de determinadas variables sociales y exógenas en su aplicación. Para ello se ha seguido un método cuantitativo a través de un diseño experimental de corte longitudinal, descriptivo y correlacional, en una muestra de 360 discentes universitarios. Para la recogida de datos se ha empleado el cuestionario generado tras el proceso de validación. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido concluir que valores adecuados en el contexto familiar, motivación, autoestima y autonomía, inciden favorablemente en la eficacia del enfoque innovador. Asimismo, la edad y el desempeño laboral de los estudiantes también resultan influyentes. Y se ha podido determinar qué factores externos ejercen mayor incidencia sobre cada aspecto constitutivo de la eficacia del aprendizaje invertido.
Alfabetização cartográfica no Ensino Fundamental:
Authors: Dantas Sulivan , Mesquita Davi , Silva Jefté
Published: January 2023

A alfabetização cartográfica tem como proposta metodológica fundamental a formação do sujeito, de produtor de mapas e gráficos a leitor eficiente dessas representações, avançando do conhecimento espontâneo ao conhecimento sistematizado e leitura de mundo. Com uma alfabetização cartográfica eficaz, os alunos tornam-se capazes de fazer uma análise crítica do espaço geográfico através de suas representações, compreendendo o mundo de forma mais significativa e reconhecendo-se como sujeitos atuantes no espaço geográfico. A iniciação da alfabetização cartográfica se dá desde Educação Infantil (Infantil três) e durante o Ensino Fundamental, onde o espaço concreto do aluno é trabalhado e, ao longo dos anos iniciais, se dá uma evolução dos níveis de aprendizagem. Espera-se que a partir do 6º ano o aluno já esteja apto a ler um mapa de forma crítica e consciente, sendo indispensável que haja uma alfabetização cartográfica nos anos anteriores. Diante desta problemática, após um longo período de ensino remoto emergencial no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19, constatou-se que os alunos do 6º e 7º ano Ensino Fundamental careciam de uma intervenção nos estudos de cartografia, já que a alfabetização cartográfica necessária nos anos anteriores foi prejudicada. Tal constatação levantou a necessidade de oferecer a esses alunos um ensino presencial que se baseie nas metodologias ativas, mais criativas e supervisionadas. Para tanto, foram implementadas nas aulas de geografia do 6º e 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental metodologias ativas com o uso de Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação - TDICs e Geotecnologias no processo de alfabetização cartográfica, utilizando o modelo de rotação por estações e outras ferramentas facilitadoras no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de geografia. Concluímos que, além da importância de inserir a temática no cotidiano das aulas de geografia, se dá a importância de abordar a alfabetização cartográfica na formação inicial e continuada dos docentes, fortalecendo assim, a práxis.
Cardiac Activity Impacts Cortical Motor Excitability
Authors: Al Esra , Stephani Tilman , Engelhardt Melina , Haegens Saskia , Villringer Arno , Nikulin Vadim
Published: January 2023

Human cognition and action can be influenced by internal bodily processes such as heartbeats. For instance, somatosensory perception is impaired both during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle and when heartbeats evoke stronger cortical responses. Here, we test whether these cardiac effects originate from overall changes in cortical excitability. Cortical and corticospinal excitability were assessed using electroencephalographic and electromyographic responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation while concurrently monitoring cardiac activity with electrocardiography. Cortical and corticospinal excitability were found to be highest during systole and following stronger cortical responses to heartbeats. Furthermore, in a motor task, hand-muscle activity and the associated desynchronization of sensorimotor oscillations were stronger during systole. These results suggest that systolic cardiac signals have a facilitatory effect on motor excitability – in contrast to sensory attenuation that was previously reported for somatosensory perception. Thus, distinct time windows may exist across the cardiac cycle that either optimize perception or action.
Reinforcement learning inspired forwarding strategy for information centric networks using Q-learning algorithm
Authors: Delvadia Krishna Samarth , Dutta Nitul
Published: January 2023

Content interest forwarding is a prominent research area in Information Centric Network (ICN). An efficient forwarding strategy can significantly enhance the user level performance parameters such as data retrieval latency. It also helps to minimize the origin server load, network congestion and overhead. Reinforcement learning is widely accepted for taking efficient routing decisions in network. This paper introduces a Q-learning driven forwarding strategy in ICN for interest packets. We have investigated the feasibility of exploiting reinforcement learning mechanism named Q-Learning for Named Data Network (NDN) paradigm of ICN. By revising Q-Learning mechanism to address the inherent challenges related to overhead and latency for content retrieval, this paper introduces design and implementation of Q-Learning based forwarding mechanism. It aims to gain learning through historical events and selects best mechanism to forward interest. The performance investigation of proposed protocol is carried out using simulator named ndnSIM-2.0. Outcomes are compared by integrating proposed protocol with LCD (Leave Copy Down), LCE (Leave Copy Everywhere, CL4M (Cache Less for More) and ProbCache (Probability driven caching). Protocol behaviour is also compared against recent routing and forwarding mechanisms. The considered performance parameters are data retrieval delay, server hit rate, network overhead, network throughput and network load. The experimental outcomes conclude that integration of proposed forwarding strategy to state-of-the-art protocols lead to performance enhancement up to 10–35%. The integrated protocol variants are also sensitive to any changes in network compared to existing approaches.
Respiratory virus infections of the lower respiratory tract elevate bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophil fraction: a clinical retrospective study and case review
Authors: Nabeya Daijiro , Setoguchi Michika , Ueno Shiho , Kinjo Takeshi
Published: January 2023

Background:Eosinophilic airway inflammation caused by respiratory virus infection has been demonstrated in basic research; however, clinical investigations are lacking. To clarify the extent to which respiratory viral infection induces airway eosinophilic inflammation, we reviewed the results of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and respiratory virus testing performed at our hospital.
Methods: Among the BAL procedures performed at our hospital from August 2012 to September 2016, we collected cases of acute respiratory disease in which multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to search for respiratory viruses. The effect of respiratory virus detection on the eosinophil fraction of BAL was analyzed using statistical analysis. A case study of respiratory virus detection in which the eosinophil fraction of BAL was elevated was also conducted.
Results: A total of 95 cases were included in this study, of which 17 were PCR-positive. The most common respiratory virus detected was parainfluenza virus (eight cases). The PCR-positive group showed a trend toward a higher eosinophil fraction in BAL fluid than the PCR-negative group (p=0.030), and more cases had a BAL eosinophil fraction >3% (p=0.017). Multivariate analysis showed that PCR-positive cases were associated with BAL eosinophil fractions >1% and >3%. There were nine PCR-positive cases with a BAL eosinophil fraction >1%, of which two cases with parainfluenza virus infection had a significantly elevated BAL eosinophil fraction and were diagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia.
Conclusions: A trend toward an elevated eosinophil fraction in BAL fluid was observed in cases of viral infection of the lower respiratory tract. The degree of eosinophilic fraction elevation due to respiratory viral infection was mild overall, whereas some cases showed prominent elevation and were diagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia. Respiratory viral infection is not a rare cause of elevated BAL eosinophilic fraction and should be listed as a differential disease in the practice of eosinophilic pneumonia.
Methods and guidance on conducting, reporting, publishing and appraising living systematic reviews: a scoping review
Authors: Iannizzi Claire , Akl Elie A , Anslinger Eva , Weibel Stephanie , Kahale Lara A , Aminat Abina Mosunmola , Piechotta Vanessa , Skoetz Nicole
Published: January 2023

Background and objective:
The living systematic review (LSR) approach is based on an ongoing surveillance of the literature and continual updating. Most currently available guidance documents address the conduct, reporting, publishing and appraisal for systematic reviews (SRs), which is not suitable for LSRs and misses additional LSR-specific considerations. The scoping review allows the mapping of the existing evidence on the topic to support LSRs authors seeking guidance and identifying related gaps. The objective of this scoping review is to systematically collate methodological literature and guidance on how to conduct, report, publish and appraise the quality of LSRs.
Methods
Standard scoping review methodology was used. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library using the OVID interface, until 28 August 2021. As for searching grey literature, we looked for existing guidelines and handbooks on LSRs from organizations that conduct evidence syntheses using the Lens.org website. Screening was conducted by two authors independently in Rayyan and data extraction was done in duplicate using a pilot tested data extraction form in Excel. Data was extracted according to four pre-defined categories on (i) conducting, (ii) reporting, (iii) publishing and (iv) appraising LSRs.
Data synthesis:
The data was mapped in visualizing overview tables created in Microsoft Word. Of the 21 included papers, we could extract data for a total of 40 of our pre-defined LSR-specific sub-items.
Conclusion
There is good methodological guidance available for conducting and publishing LSRs and more lacking guidance on reporting and appraising LSRs.
Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Impact of Headache on Daily Activities of Medical Students at the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates: A Community-based Research
Authors: Azrak Omar Ahmed Talal , Hashem Anas Mohamad , Al-Ali Maryam , Khouly Mai Al , Kilani Mohammad Munzer , Taher Mina , Khalouf Amani , Mahmoud Amir
Published: January 2023

Background
Headache is one of the most common and debilitating neurological disorders. As it is highly common and impacts the quality-of-life and academic performance of medical undergraduates, it is essential to uncover the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and perceived triggering factors of headache among medical students at the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates. We aim to conduct this cross-sectional study that aids in discovering factors influencing the frequency and severity of headache which can guide healthcare providers to early detect, counsel, and treat it.
Method
Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among 471 medical students from Medicine, Pharmacy, and Health Sciences from September 2019 and May 2020. Data was analyzed by JMP Pro-14 using Chi-square, t-tests, and ANOVA. MIDAS was adopted, with some modifications, for measuring headache impact.
Results
A total of 471 students (75.2% females) participated. The prevalence of headache was 84.9% with a higher incidence among Medicine (p = 0.001), wearing eyeglasses (p = 0.033) and in a higher year of study (p = 0.026). Among those who experienced headaches recently, most had one headache episode per month (35%), for less than an hour (46.5%), described it as tightness (46.1%) and frontal in location (35.5%). Frequent headache sufferers had prolonged episodes (p < 0.001), during the afternoon (p < 0.0001), throbbing and severe in nature (p < 0.001). A significant reduction in academic performance (p = 0.0075) and routine activities (p = 0.028) were noticed. Stress or tension and too little sleep were the most common triggering factors. For the management of headaches, sleeping and relaxation were the most used by respondents.
Conclusion
Due to the stressful university life, headache is commonly experienced by a majority of undergraduates, especially Medicine students. The high prevalence of the headache and its incapacitating symptoms on medical students’ academic performance necessitate more attention from the healthcare providers to take serious steps towards early headache detection and intervention.
Investigation of Bedaquiline Resistance and Genetic Mutations in Multi-Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates in Chongqing, China
Authors: Hu Yan , Fan Jun , Zhu Damin , Liu Wenguo , Li Feina , Li Tongxin , Zheng Huiwen
Published: January 2023

Background
To investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of bedaquiline resistance among MDR-TB isolates collected from Chongqing, China.
Methods
A total of 205 MDR-TB isolates were collected from Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute between March 2019 and June 2020. The MICs of BDQ were determined by microplate alamarblue assay. All strains were genotyped by melting curve spoligotyping, and were subjected to WGS.
Results
Among the 205 MDR isolates, the resistance rate of BDQ was 4.4% (9/205). The 55 (26.8%) were from male patients and 50 (24.4%) were new cases. Furthermore, 81 (39.5%) of these patients exhibited lung cavitation, 13 (6.3%) patients afflicted with diabetes mellitus, and 170 (82.9%) isolates belonged to Beijing family. However, the distribution of BDQ resistant isolates showed no significant difference among these characteristics. Of the 86 OFX resistant isolates, 8 isolates were XDR (9.3%, 8/86). Six BDQ resistant isolates (66.7%, 6/9) and two BDQ susceptible isolates (1.0%, 2/196) carried mutations in Rv0678. A total of 4 mutations types were identified in BDQ resistant isolates, including mutation in A152G (50%, 3/6), T56C (16.7%, 1/6), GA492 insertion (16.7%, 1/6), and A274 insertion (16.7%, 1/6). BDQ showed excellent activity against MDR-TB in Chongqing.
Conclusions
BDQ showed excellent activity against MDR-TB in Chongqing. The resistance rate of BDQ was not related to demographic and clinical characteristics. Mutations in Rv0678 gene were the major mechanism to BDQ resistance, with A152G as the most common mutation type. WGS has a good popularize value and application prospect in the rapid detection of BDQ resistance.
Status of Deforestation of Madagascar
Authors: Suzzi-Simmons Amanda
Published: January 2023

Several studies have reported tree cover loss at an unprecedented rate in Madagascar because of human population expansion which affects biodiversity, ecosystems, and weather patterns. Here we examine deforestation in Madagascar over the past 20 years (2001-2021). Time-series analysis of Landsat images empirically show that Madagascar, which covers an area of about 59 million hectares (230,000 square miles), has lost 4.85 million hectares of tree cover since 2000, equivalent to a 25% decrease in tree cover, and a gross estimate of 2.52 gigatonnes of CO2e – carbon dioxide equivalent greenhouse gas emissions. Without breaking the intertwined cycle of poverty and deforestation, increasing rates of extinction will continue to impact Madagascar's flora and fauna.
An Evaluation of the Mine Water Inrush Based on the Deep Learning of ISMOTE
Authors: zhang ye , Tang shoufeng , Shi Ke , Tong xiaming
Published: January 2023

In order to establish an effective coal mine floor water inrush prediction model, a neural network prediction method of water inrush based on an improved SMOTE algorithm expanding a small sample dataset and optimizing a deep confidence network was proposed. ISMOTE is used to enlarge the coal mine's measured data collection, while PCA is used to minimize the data's dimension. DBN is used to extract water inrush data features and estimate water inrush danger in coal mines. As the water inrush samples are small, they cannot provide enough information about the occurrence of water inrush accidents, which affects the DBN analysis of water inrush accidents, reduces the prediction accuracy, and causes safety hazards when mining in the coal mines. An improved SMOTE algorithm is used to expand the dataset. The DBN network is used to extract the secondary features of the nonlinear data after processing. Finally, a prediction model is established to predict coal mine water inrush. The superiority of this method is verified by the comparison between the actual condition and the prediction of the measured working face in a typical mining area in North China. The prediction accuracy of coal mine water inrush obtained by the model proposed in this paper is 94%, while the prediction accuracy of traditional BP algorithm is 70%, and the prediction accuracy of SAE algorithm is 91%, better than the rates of other methods. The findings of this study can be used to better predict and analyze coal mine water inrush accidents, improve the accuracy of water inrush accident prediction, and encourage the use of deep learning in coal mine floor water inrush prediction, all of which have theoretical and practical implications.
Cell-penetrating porcine single-chain antibodies (transbodies) to nonstructural protein 1β (NSP1β) of PRRSV inhibit the virus replication
Authors: Thueng-in Kanyarat , Theerawatanasirikul S. , Meechan P. , Lekcharoensuk P. , Chaicumpa W.
Published: January 2023

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), causes porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) worldwide, especially among domestic pigs with enormous economic impact for the pig industry. Current vaccines confer limited effectiveness while no direct-acting anti-PRRS is available. Non-structural protein (NSP) 1β, a cysteine-like protease (CLPro) of PRRSV is pivotal for viral polyprotein processing, subgenomic RNA synthesis and evasion of host innate immunity. Therefore, agent that interferes with the NSP1β bioactivities should lead to the virus replication inhibition. In this study, a porcine scFv-phage display library was constructed and used as a tool for production of NSP1β-specific porcine scFvs (pscFvs). The pscFvs to NSP1β were linked to a cell-penetrating peptide to form cell-penetrating pscFvs (transbodies). The transbodies could internalize and inhibit PRRSV replication in the infected cells. Computerized-simulation indicated that the effective pscFvs used several residues in multiple complementarity determining regions (CDRs) to interact with many residues in the CLPro and C-terminal motifs, which might explain the mechanism of the pscFvs-mediated virus replication inhibition. Although experiments are needed to verify the anti-viral mechanism of the transbodies, current data provide evidence for developing the transbodies further for treatment and prevention of PRRSV infection.
Quality of life, social support, and adherence in female patients with thyroid disorders
Authors: Kollerits Eliza , Zsila Ágnes , Matuszka Balázs
Published: January 2023

Background
According to the 2010 European Health Interview Survey, 51% of women in Hungary have a chronic disease, and the overall health status of the Hungarian population is poorer than in other European countries. Thyroid diseases affected more than 650,000 women in 2021 based on a recent report by the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Despite the high prevalence rates, quality of life in these patients is scarcely researched in Hungary. To fill this gap, this study aims to explore the associations of the quality of life of thyroid patients in Hungary with social support and adherence.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online questionnaire. Data from 1058 Hungarian women (M = 36.2 years, SD = 10.9, age range: 18–74 years) were analyzed. Participants were divided into four patient groups based on the type of thyroid disorder: hypothyroidism (n = 392; 37.1%), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 588; 55.6%), hyperthyroidism (n = 36; 3.4%), and Graves’ disease (n = 42; 4.0%). Group comparisons, correlations, and mediation models were performed to explore differences between thyroid patients.
Results
No differences were found between patients with different types of thyroid diseases in quality of life, adherence, and social support. Consistent, weak associations were found between these mental health indicators. Higher perceived social support partially explained the relationship between adherence and life quality in patients with hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Conclusions
No substantial differences were found between patients with different types of thyroid disease in mental well-being indicators. These patients are more psychologically vulnerable and need a socially supportive environment to recover, because higher adherence can lead to a better quality of life, and social support can facilitate this process.
1ppm-detectable hydrogen gas sensors by using highly sensitive P+/N+ single-crystalline-silicon thermopile
Authors: Li Xinxin , Zhang Haozhi , Jia Hao , Ni Zao , Li Ming , Chen Ying , Xu Pengcheng
Published: January 2023

Hydrogen (H2) has been of strategic importance nowadays in pursuing a decarbonized, environmental-benign, sustainable global energy system, however, the explosive nature of H2 demands leakage monitoring to ensure a safe application in industry. Therefore, H2 gas sensors with high sensitivity and fast response across a wide concentration range are crucial yet technically challenging. In this work, we demonstrate a new type of MEMS differential thermopile gas sensor for highly-sensitive, rapid detection of trace H2 gas in air. Facilitated by a unique MIS fabrication technique, pairs of single-crystalline silicon thermopiles (i.e., sensing and reference thermopiles) are batch fabricated with high-density single-crystalline silicon thermocouples, yielding a outstanding temperature sensitivity at the sub-mK level. Such devices ensure the detection of tiny temperature changes due to catalytic reaction of H2 with a detection limit down to ~1 ppm at an operating temperature of 120°C. The MEMS differential thermopiles also exhibit a wide linear detection range (1 ppm-2%, more than four orders of magnitude) and fast response and recovery time of 1.9s and 1.4s, respectively, when detecting 0.1% H2 in air. Moreover, the sensors show good selectivity against common combustible gases and volatile organics, good repeatability, and long-term stability. The proposed MEMS thermopile H2 sensors hold promise for the trace detection and early warning of H2 leakage for a wide range of applications.
Platelet to lymphocyte ratio is a risk factor for failure of non-operative treatment of colonic diverticulitis
Authors: Kim Jong Ho , Han Sang Hyup , Lee Jin-Won , Kim Haesung , Han Jeonghee
Published: January 2023

Non-operative treatment is the mainstay of colonic diverticulitis, but some patients require surgery due to non-operative treatment failure. This study aims to identify risk factors for the failure of non-operative treatment of colonic diverticulitis. From January 2011 to December 2020, we retrospectively reviewed 2362 patients with non-operative treatment for first-attack acute diverticulitis. Patients were categorized into non-operative treatment success or failure groups. Clinical characteristics and serum inflammatory markers were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression to determine risk factors for non-operative treatment failure of colonic diverticulitis. Overall, 2.2% (n = 50) of patients underwent delayed surgery within 30 days (median 4.0 [3.0; 8.0]) due to non-operative treatment failure. Multivariable logistic regression identified that platelet to lymphocyte ratio (odds ratio [OR], 4.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05–0.13; p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 0.01–0.09; p = 0.025), left-sided colonic diverticulitis (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 0.04–0.13; p < 0.001), and modified Hinchey classification (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 0.09–0.17; p < 0.001) were risk factors for non-operative treatment failure. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a potential risk factor for the non-operative treatment failure of acute first-attack colonic diverticulitis. Therefore, patients with higher PLR during non-operative treatment should be monitored with special caution.