bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The theoretical basis of the choice of new locomotives for Ukraine in the post-war period
Authors: Gorobchenko O. , Matsiuk V. , Holub H. , Zaika D. , Gritsuk I.
Published: December 2023

In the case of the research of promising locomotives, we are dealing with a complex event – "choosing a locomotive for implementation". To effectively solve this problem, it is suggested to decompose this event. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for modeling the evaluation process according to objective criteria of various options of new traction rolling stock. The Saaty method has been developed by transforming the hierarchy into an artificial neural network. The training of this network occurs automatically when analyzing the matrices of pairwise comparisons, and at the output we have a generalized criterion – the rating of the locomotive R, the value of which varies from 0 (the worst indicator) to 1. This allowed, unlike the existing approach, not to compare locomotives by compiling a matrix of comparisons at the last stage. Instead, a matrix of comparisons of the most important criteria by which traction rolling stock is evaluated has been compiled. The developed method has the ability to support various strategies for the operation of the locomotive park. This is implemented at the stage of drawing up the second-level criteria comparison matrix. Depending on the tasks facing the railways, it is also possible to adjust the degree of preference of one criterion over another. This provides even greater flexibility in using the proposed method.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ РЕСУРСАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРИБУТКОВОСТІ
Authors: Шашина Марина Володимирівна , Недзельський Артем Олександрович
Published: December 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню оцінюванню ефективності управління ресурсами підприємства, як засобу забезпечення прибутковості. У даній статті докладно розглядається поняття "ресурси" та їх значення для функціонування підприємств. Обґрунтовано актуальність питань пов'язаних з ефективністю управління ресурсами підприємства та оцінкою цієї ефективності в сучасних умовах. Ресурсний потенціал підприємства є основою його соціального і економічного розвитку, і оцінка кількості та якості ресурсного забезпечення є ключовим аспектом оцінки фінансових, виробничих, трудових і інформаційних можливостей підприємства. Оцінка ефективності управління ресурсами характеризується комплексністю і може бути отримана через систематизацію результатів комплексного економічного аналізу. Така оцінка включає у себе узагальнюючі висновки про використання ресурсів на підприємстві. Найпоширенішим підходом до оцінки ефективності управління ресурсами на даний момент є метод діагностики ресурсного потенціалу, який використовує комплексний, системний та поетапний підхід. Під час діагностики досліджуються всі ресурси підприємства, і їх результати інтегруються в єдиний показник за допомогою експертного та рейтингового методів. Цей підхід дозволяє оцінити рівень ресурсного забезпечення, виявити диспропорції між ресурсами, визначити напрями розвитку ресурсів і встановити допустимі навантаження на підприємство. Виокремлено важливість оцінки ефективності управління ресурсами підприємства та наведено метод діагностики ресурсного потенціалу як популярний підхід для оцінки. Розглянуто ресурсне забезпечення підприємства з двох сторін: як економічна категорія, що виникає внаслідок взаємодії всіх ресурсів, і як основа підприємства, що включає систему показників, які описують наявні ресурси та їх резерви. Представлено схему управління ресурсами на підприємстві. Запропоновано перелік видів оцінки ефективності управління ресурсами підприємства. Представлено формулу та розрахунок інтегрального показника ефективності управління ресурсами підприємства з метою отримання цілісного уявлення про ефективність управління ресурсами та оцінки ступеня впливу управління ресурсами на кінцевий результат діяльності підприємства.
CREDIT AND FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC CHANGES
Authors:   Academy of Applied Sciences (Poznan, Poland), Trzonkowski Konrad
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the issues of credit and financial policy of banking institutions in the context of economic changes. The article investigates the factors and conditions that are implemented by banks in an unstable financial and economic situation. It is noted that the current economic conditions that Ukraine is currently experiencing require an analysis of the issue of improvement of an efficient banking system and building a financial activity that is adequate to the requirements of the times. Therefore, the study of the issue of credit and financial activities of banking institutions in the context of economic changes is of particular relevance and requires a detailed analysis. It is stated that the prudent lending policy of banks in previous years ensured the comparative resilience of many borrowers even to military shocks. The article analyses indicators of profitability and debt burden of enterprises of the real sector of economy. It has been found that since the beginning of the Russian invasion, Ukrainian banks have been experiencing a tightening of lending standards and a decrease in the level of approval of loan applications. The criteria for changes in the credit demand of the corporate sector are determined. The indicators of dynamics of lending to economic entities are considered and the structure of corporate UAH loans is analyzed. An analysis of the lending and financial activities of banking institutions has shown that a large number of banks have now adapted to the crisis. Although real revenues and output in most industries have fallen significantly compared to the levels before the full-scale invasion, the financial performance of enterprises is mostly acceptable and is expected to improve by the middle of 2023. At the same time, the demand for credit remains rather low, as the requirements of organisations or individual entrepreneurs (IEs) for working capital are moderate and investments are too risky. Therefore, while the economy is unstable, banks offer lending mainly within the framework of state support programmes and only in national currency. However, it can also be said that repayment of borrowers' debts currently prevails over the lending trend, which will contribute to a decrease in the loan portfolio.
CONCEPTUAL BASICS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR THE ENTRY OF ENTERPRISES TO FOREIGN MARKETS: ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE RECOVERY OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY
Authors:   National Aviation University, Yevtushenko Kyryl , Smerichevska Svitlana ,   National Aviation University
Published: December 2023

The article examines theoretical and methodological approaches and formulates practical recommendations for the development of a marketing strategy for an enterprise entering foreign markets, which will ensure its sustainability and competitive development. A generalization of scientific views on the definition of the essence of the concept of "marketing strategy" was carried out in the context of the process of the enterprise entering foreign sales markets. The main external and internal conditions affecting the company's ability to enter target foreign markets, as well as the specifics of the formation of its strategic behavior on them, are singled out and analyzed. The significance of the analysis of the sources of capital formation of the enterprise when planning the strategy of entering international markets is emphasized. The need for a comprehensive approach to the assessment of foreign markets to ensure the success of entering them is substantiated. The author's algorithm for the formation of a marketing strategy in the event of a decision to enter a specific foreign market by the enterprise is proposed, which includes 12 main stages. The key tasks for the analysis of the available resources and capabilities of the enterprise in order to assess the readiness to enter the selected target foreign market have been determined. To ensure success when entering new markets, it is important to understand what resources the company will attract for the implementation of its international activities and in which business units it will invest its capital. The main principles of determining the positioning strategy for an enterprise entering the foreign market are characterized. On the basis of the generalization of theoretical approaches, recommendations for the formation of the optimal marketing complex of the enterprise, which best meets the needs of target consumers at the stage of the enterprise's entry into foreign sales markets, are substantiated and formed. The most promising areas for Ukrainian business to enter foreign markets are characterized. The author's vision of effective marketing tools for the penetration of domestic enterprises into foreign markets in the conditions of the digital economy is presented.
DETERMINISM OF DIGITAL MARKET ENVIRONMENT IN ENTERPRISE BRAND DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   National Aviation University, Kolbushkin Yurii
Published: December 2023

The determinism of the digital market environment in the field of enterprise brand development has a significant impact on all aspects of modern business. The article analyzes the influence of the digital environment on the development of the brand of enterprises, which is largely determined by the growing role of digital technologies and online space in the modern economy. It is determined that digital transformation opens up new opportunities for business development and expansion, which is confirmed by the growth in the number of enterprises engaged in electronic commerce. The main means of increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in the modern digital society are analyzed. A number of factors that ensure the stability of the company's brand have been substantiated. Key trends affecting the development of the company's brand have been identified. The development of the company's brand requires constant monitoring of current trends, as well as flexibility and readiness to adapt to changes in the business environment. The directions of development of the enterprise brand in the context of transformation of the digital environment are analyzed. These include such as: cooperation and partnerships; improving product quality; internationalization; concentration on solving social problems; adaptation to changes; brand expansion; efficient logistics; introduction of technologies; specialized events; effective risk management. It is determined that each enterprise can choose specific directions of brand development depending on its goals, resources and market conditions. It is determined that the development of the company's brand development strategy is an important step to achieve success and strengthen competitive positions. The key steps of formation of the company's brand development strategy are allocated. It is substantiated that the development of the brand of enterprises in the context of the transformation of the digital environment is an extremely important process in the modern business environment, because digital technologies create unlimited opportunities for attracting, interacting and customer loyalty.
Pripovijedanje o YHWH-inoj kraljevskoj vlasti u Psalmima
Authors: Hamilton Mark W.
Published: December 2023

Psalms 93-100 function within Book 4 of the Psalter to advance the narrative of YHWH’s kingship over the cosmos. Whatever the origins of the constituent psalms, their current sequencing within Book 4 softens the despair that appears in psalms like Psalm 89, the ending of Book 3. As a kind of narrative used in liturgy, these psalms develop characters and plotlines that concentrate upon YHWH’s kingship and proper ordering of the world, which, in turn, benefits Israel and through them, the world.
Teologija učeništva J. I. Packera
Authors: Simuț Corneliu C.
Published: December 2023

Cilj je ove studije iznijeti sustavan pregled teologije učeništva J. I. Packera. Temelji se na deskriptivnoj, analitičkoj i kritičkoj metodologiji teološkog istraživanja, a izdvaja, analizira i kontekstualizira različita promišljanja o učeništvu koja nalazimo u Packerovu djelu Knowing God (1973., izdanje iz 2021.). Studija ističe šest odlika kršćanskog učeništva (spoznaja Krista, žar za Krista, duhovno posvojenje, duhovni realizam, biblijsko iščekivanje, okretanje svijeta naglavačke) zajedno s dva aspekta (Kristov osobni utjecaj i čuvanje Božjih zapovijedi, „dva stupa“ učeništva) koji čine temelj učeništva, a koje nalazimo u njegovim djelima Keeping the Ten Commandments (2008) i Concise Theology: A Guide to Historical Christian Beliefs (2011). Članak pokazuje način na koji je Packer koristio ovih šest teoloških odlika i dva stupa učeništva kako bi sazdao suvremenu kršćansku duhovnost.
Multi-Head CNN-based Software Development Risk Classification
Authors: Ziana M. Ayesha , J. Charles
Published: December 2023

Agile methodology for software development has been in vogue for a few decades, notably among small and medium enterprises. The omission of an explicit risk identification approach turns a blind eye to a range of perilous risks, thus dumping the management into strenuous situations and precipitating dreadful issues at the crucial stages of the project. To overcome this drawback a novel Agile Software Risk Identification using Deep learning (ASRI-DL) approach has been proposed that uses a deep learning technique along with the closed fishbowl strategy, thus assisting the team in finding the risks by molding them to think from diverse perspectives, enhancing wider areas of risk coverage. The proposed technique uses a multi-head Convolutional Neural Network (Multihead-CNN) method for classifying the risk into 11 classes such as over-doing, under-doing, mistakes, concept risks, changes, differences, difficulties, dependency, conflicts, issues, and challenges in terms of producing a higher number of risks concerning score, criticality, and uniqueness of the risk ideas. The descriptive statistics further demonstrate that the participation and risk coverage of the individuals in the proposed methodology exceeded the other two as a result of applying the closed fishbowl strategy and making use of the risk identification aid. The proposed method has been compared with existing techniques such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Generalized Linear Models (GLM), and CNN using specific parameters such as accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Experimental findings show that the proposed ASRI-DL technique achieves a classification accuracy of 99.16% with a small error rate with 50 training epochs respectively.
Semi-automated Software Requirements Categorisation using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Talele Pratvina , Apte Siddharth , Phalnikar Rashmi , Talele Harsha
Published: December 2023

Requirement engineering is a mandatory phase of the Software development life cycle (SDLC) that includes defining and documenting system requirements in the Software Requirements Specification (SRS). As the complexity increases, it becomes difficult to categorise the requirements into functional and non-functional requirements. Presently, the dearth of automated techniques necessitates reliance on labour-intensive and time-consuming manual methods for this purpose. This research endeavours to address this gap by investigating and contrasting two prominent feature extraction techniques and their efficacy in automating the classification of requirements. Natural language processing methods are used in the text pre-processing phase, followed by the Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Word2Vec for feature extraction for further understanding. These features are used as input to the Machine Learning algorithms. This study compares existing machine learning algorithms and discusses their correctness in categorising the software requirements. In our study, we have assessed the algorithms Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Neural Network (NN), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) on the precision and accuracy parameters. The results obtained in this study showed that the TF-IDF feature selection algorithm performed better in categorising requirements than the Word2Vec algorithm, with an accuracy of 91.20% for the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest algorithm as compared to 87.36% for the SVM algorithm. A 3.84% difference is seen between the two when applied to the publicly available PURE dataset. We believe these results will aid developers in building products that aid in requirement engineering.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piring Cair Bahan Alami di SMP Riyahotul Arifin Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Purnamasari Ike , Genisa Marlina Ummas , Sumah Astrid Sri Wahyuni , Ismail Gunawan
Published: December 2023

Sabun adalah bahan pembersih yang umumnya digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terutama bagi siswa SMP Riyadhotul Arifin yang tinggal di asrama sekolah (pondok). Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pembuatan sabun cuci piring dengan memanfaatkan daun pandan dan jeruk yang ada di sekitar sekolah. Metode PkM berupa pendampingan 16 siswa melalui praktek langsung pembuatan sabun cair, diskusi, dan penutup. Hasil yang didapatkan pada kegiatan PkM yaitu pembuatan sabun suci piring dapat meminimalisir biaya siswa di asrama, karena pembuatannya menggunakan bahan alami seperti daun pandan, jeruk nipis, garam dan bahan kimia (texapon). Tingginya antusias siswa saat proses pembuatan dan presentasi hasil sabun cuci piring yang cair yang telah dihasilkan menjadi bukti ketercapaian PkM yang dilakukan. Kesimpulan pada kegiatan PkM adalah pelatihan pembuatan sabun cuci piring dapat menjadi masukan bagi sekolah asrama yang lain dan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, kreativitas dan jiwa kewirausahaan bagi siswa.
Penguatan Desa Model Smart Village Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi
Authors: Bilyastuti Mai Puspadyna , Suyani  , Suryanto Agus , Heriana Tutik , Nawawi Imam , Yuanita Asyifa’u
Published: December 2023

Model smart village merupakan salah satu pengembangan E-Government ditingkat desa dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Di Desa Tugu, Mlarak, Ponorogo jaringan internet telah terjangkau disetiap dukuh, pelayanan kantor desa juga telah menggunakan peralatan IT yang memadai. Tujuan penguatan Desa Tugu menuju penerapan model smart village adalah sebagai upaya pengembangan desa dalam pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan yaitu pembuatan akun youtube pemerintah desa dan video profil desa serta menambah pengetahuan anggota PKK Akademia bagaimana cara membuat dan mengupload video kegiatan desa di media sosial youtube. Kegiatan kedua yaitu pemasangan kamera pengawas (CCTV) online di depan kantor desa dan balai desa. Pemanfaatan media sosial sebagai sarana penyebarluasan informasi memudahkan masyarakat untuk mendapatkan informasi baik mengenai profil desa, potensi desa maupun kegiatan desa secara cepat, mudah dan efektif. Sedangkan pemanfaatan teknologi kamera pengawas (CCTV) memudahkan pengawasan terutama di lingkungan kantor desa dan balai desa melalui smartphone selama 24 jam.
Gemstone Colour Determination
Authors: Ivanov Valery E.
Published: December 2023

The article describes the most important component of gemstones: their colour. The subject of the article is determination of the colour of diamonds with the most frequently encountered yellow tones of different saturation, fancy-colour diamonds as well as emeralds, rubies, and sapphires. For non-ambiguous determination of the colour of gemstones and elimination of human factor, the comparison method known in photometry, i.e., comparison of the colour of a given diamond with the colour of a reference sample is used. The article describes methods of determination of the colour of yellow-hue diamonds when assessing them visually, using reference colours: a set of diamonds. Information on colour groups of diamonds of different cuts used in Russia and the system of Gemological Institute of America (GIA) is provided.
Fancy colours of diamonds are very variable and, therefore, they have no references such as the ones for yellow-hue diamonds. For evaluation of fancy colours, the Munsell Book of Colour is used. It includes 1600 colour samples on 40 maps each having its own colour hue. The samples are arranged in rows and columns: samples of the same row have the same brightness; samples of the same column have the same saturation. As the samples for determination of fancy colours of diamonds as well as emeralds, rubies, and sapphires plastic plates of different colours are used. The colours of the examined gems are compared to them. The article describes the methods of assessment of fancy colours of diamonds adopted in Russia.
Nowadays, a software colour evaluation system is proposed by GIA to be used as an alternative to colour samples. Gemewizard software proposed by Izrael may identify 31 main colour tones. It reproduces each tone in six colour hues. Each hue is divided by six brightness levels. In general, this system allows us to determine 1116 colours of gemstones. The software approach had been already proposed previously but computer screens have different colour rendering, which is still the main hindrance for determination of gem colour by means of software.
Changing MacAdam Ellipses with Adaptation
Authors: Budak Vladimir P. , Delyan Ruzana А.
Published: December 2023

Modern light sources (light emitting diodes, organic light emitting diodes) have considerable flexibility in creating a wide range of colours and brightness of lighting devices and monitors in which they are used. Evaluation of the homogeneity of the chromaticity of radiation is carried out using the colour thresholds obtained in the McAdam experiment and named after their shape McAdam ellipses. This experiment was carried out under the same observation conditions. Their application in practice is limited and requires research in a wide range of observation conditions. To date, in colorimetry, there is a colour perception model CIECAM02, which is approved by the CIE (International Commission on Illumination). This model allows you to recalculate the chromaticity coordinates for observation conditions that are different from the initial conditions. In this work, a model of the CIECAM02 algorithm is implemented and a study is made of the transformation of McAdam ellipses under changing observation conditions. The result of the study demonstrates the change in the position of the ellipses on the CIE 1931 colour chart, as well as their shape. The data obtained allow us to speak about the relevance of further research on the perception of white colour radiation in a wide range of chromaticity and brightness in order to improve the algorithms of the colour perception model.
The Spotlight Based on the Solid-State Laser Light Source
Authors: Gulyaikin Alexander M. , Аlimbekov Michael S. , Palagushkin Andrey S.
Published: December 2023

The spotlight development on the solid-state laser light source is considered in this scientific article. The light sources characteristics are as close as possible to the characteristics and parameters of modern LED light sources. The main aim is to reach the luminous flux value of 3000 lm. That is analogues with the luminous flux of modern LED searchlights. As well as the photometric and electrical parameters, values and determination of the measures to improve the design of the spotlight are of the interest.
The spotlight sample has been tested. And the test results show that after the value of 3000 lm reached the main failing of light source is the low value of its luminous efficacy, equal to 57 lm/W. In order to increase the light output of the searchlight, there are the ways of modernization of its construction suggested in the article. The previous results show that the measures suggested will allow us to increase the value of luminous efficacy to 100 lm/W. Besides that, such parameters and characteristics of the spotlight as the correlated colour temperature (CCT), colour rendering index (CRI), wattage, luminous intensity and spectral light distribution are measured and submitted in the article.
The obtained energetic characteristics of the sample allow us to conclude that application of such light sources is approved in special conditions. Absence of electronic components in the distant radiation source of white light allows increasing the light source reliability substantially. Therefore, the laser spotlights are acceptable for application in the hard-to-reach places for installation of the lighting equipment, for example, on high places where the equipment demount used for repairing works is too difficult. It is actually to use also the developed light sources at the explosive industrial facilities having the current-transmitting elements of construction, especially having the open contacts. That allows reducing the safety of facility operation significantly.
2 Cases of Intra-Labyrinthine Schwannomas With Different Treatment Options Based on Clinical Presentation
Authors: Lee Jong Hwan , Kwon Ki-Jin , Byun Jae Yong
Published: December 2023

Vestibular schwannoma is a benign tumor that arises from the eighth cranial nerve and is the most common neoplasm in the internal auditory canal (IAC). It typically arises in the cerebellopontine angle or in IAC; however, in rare cases, they can arise within the labyrinth. These tumors arising in the labyrinth have been termed intra-labyrinthine schwannomas (ILS) and have different clinical features than the typical vestibular schwannomas. Clinical manifestations of an ILS typically include hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo, with unusual symptoms including a sense of fullness or imbalance. Temporal bone MRI is considered the most important test for diagnosing ILS. Tumors show nodular enhancement on T1-weighted images and filling defects on T2-weighted images. Treatment of ILS may include observation, microsurgical resection, and stereotactic radiosurgery depending on the location, size, and clinical presentation. In this paper, we present two cases diagnosed as ILS with different treatment options and provide a literature review for each case.
A Case of Three Ectodermal Origin Congenital Anomalies Including Congenital Mastoid Cholesteatoma
Authors: Seo Woogeun , Baek Minju , Bahn, Junsung , Chung Jae Ho
Published: December 2023

There are several congenital anomalies of the mastoid and external ear. The external ear and mastoid form during the developmental process through the differentiation of ectoderm and mesoderm, and anomalies can arise at various stages. While most congenital anomalies can be easily diagnosed through physical examination, some cases, such as congenital mastoid cholesteatoma, may delay diagnoses. We present a successfully treated case that involved the removal of three simultaneous congenital anomalies of ectodermal origin, which included preauricular fistula, congenital mastoid cholesteatoma, and postauricular epidermal cyst, all found on one ear in a single patient.
Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Christ–Siemens–Touraine syndrome. Diagnostic odyssey
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Filippova V.V. , Neretina I. A. ,   Children's City Out-patient Clinic No. 17 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Matveeva E. A. ,   Children's City Out-patient Clinic No. 17 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Ershova N. M. ,   Children's City Out-patient Clinic No. 17 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: December 2023

Diagnosis of rare (orphan) diseases remains a challenging problem in practical healthcare. This is due to the lack of literacy of the medical community regarding orphan diseases. Symptoms of hereditary diseases are varied, often the lesion affects different organs and systems, requiring the work of a multidisciplinary team in the diagnosis and management of such patients. It is the coordinated work of many specialists that helps improve the quality of life of patients and a favorable prognosis for survival. The publication of a clinical case is aimed at improving the information literacy of medical workers.
Prevalence of helminthiasis among the rural population of the Khabarovsk Krai
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Telepneva R. S. , Yakhiyeva-Onikhimovskaya D. A. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: December 2023

The large medical and socio-economic burden of helminth infections provides the basis for studying the frequency and type of helminth infections among the population of residents of the Russian Far East and is relevant. The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence and type of parasitosis among different age groups of the rural population of the Lazo District. The study was carried out in the design of a retrospective cohort non-randomized continuous study. On the basis of the District Hospital of the Lazo District, 26,483 medical records were processed and analyzed among the adult and child population for the period 2013–2023, with the study of data on the incidence of parasitosis in the rural population based on the results of a microscopic examination of feces for helminth eggs and protozoan cysts ( by Kato method). Statistical analysis was carried out in the STATISTICA 16.0 program, as well as the use of statistical functions of the EXCEL program, using nonparametric data processing methods. After a parasitological survey carried out in 2013–2023, it was revealed that the largest proportion among the infested were children, predominantly in the age group of 4–7 years. There were no significant differences by gender. Based on the set of indicators that determine the structure and dynamics of epidemiological processes in the Lazo District, clonorchiasis (0.07 %, 19 people), ascariasis (0.90 %, 238 people), enterobiasis (1.90 %, 503 people) were diagnostically significant. people), as well as giardiasis (2.00 %, 530 people). There is a need for improved diagnostic tools and effective control options to scale up public health interventions and improve clinical detection and treatment of helminth infections in the Russian Far East.
Manažment a marketing v športe
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Domoráková Iveta , Melichar Richard
Published: December 2023

Vysokoškolské učebné texty zahŕňajú, rozširujú a prehlbujú poznatky v oblasti manažmentu a marketingu. Vzhľadom na vývoj potrieb kontinuálneho vzdelávania a prispôsobovania sa zmenám v súčinnosti so zabezpečením efektívnej integrácie a využívania manažmentu a marketingu už aj v športovom odvetví, je daná problematika vysoko aktuálna. Vsunutím novodobých trendov do vysokoškolských učebných textov vytvára ich "inakosť", sú predpokladom pre lepšie pochopenie, poznanie a prínos nie len teoretických vedomostí, ale výrazným spôsobom prispejú k prepojeniu na samotnú prax. Publikácia predstavuje prospešný zdroj informácii nielen pre poslucháčov bakalárskeho štúdia na Ústave telesnej výchovy a športu UPJŠ, ale aj pre poslucháčov medziodborových študijných odborov a zameraní. URL: https://unibook.upjs.sk/
Transformation of legislation on constitutional and legal responsibility
Authors: Batanova N. M.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the strategic directions of transformation of Ukrainian legislation on constitutional and legal responsibility in the field of local self-government in the context of today’s challenges. Attention is focused on the need to systematically update the legislation of Ukraine on local self-government in the part regarding responsibility in the system of local self-government, which consists in improving the legislative regulation of the grounds of responsibility of local self-government subjects, legal sanctions, the procedure for bringing, releasing from responsibility and applying measures of responsibility in the aggregate, identifying the limits of responsibility and forms of guilt, replacing some types of responsibility with others, establishing circumstances that exclude the occurrence of responsibility in the field of local self-government, etc.

The expediency of the systematic updating of the legislation of Ukraine on local self-government in the part regarding responsibility in the system of local self-government is conditioned by ensuring the creation of conditions for the formation of appropriate local self-government, which provides that in case of improper implementation of functions and powers by local self-government bodies and officials, as well as the placement their functions, rights and the resulting adverse socio-economic, political and other consequences are formed on territorial hromadas.

The adoption of such special legislation would contribute to the process of formation of a legal mechanism of responsibility in local self-government, would be of great importance in the process of its formation and development in Ukraine, and would also have a psychological impact on changes in stereotypes of the behaviour of members of territorial hromadas. Under all conditions, the relevant specialized legislation will thoroughly develop the constitutional model of the mechanism of responsibility in local self-government and the guarantee of its rights, will organically complement the existing legislative acts, will define a complete system of delicts in local self-government and detail the specifics of bringing relevant subjects to responsibility, will create a comprehensive legislative basis for territorial selfgovernment hromadas. The development of special legislation on responsibility in the field of local self-government is of strategic importance in creating a legal mechanism of municipal government responsible to people.

Key words: constitutional and legal responsibility, constitutional delict, constitutional sanctions, local selfgovernment, transformation of legislation, legal responsibility, rule of law, democracy, law, decentralization, legal reform, legality, mechanism of responsibility, municipal power, municipalism.
The problem of types of violence in the criminal law of Ukraine.
Authors: Kvasha R. S.
Published: December 2023

The problems of violence and its types in domestic legal science do not lose their relevance, especially today, when the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine has been going on for more than a year, accompanied by numerous acts of violence of various types. In addition, Russia uses sexual violence as a weapon of war. During the war, the level of particularly violent crime increases significantly. Today’s violence is very different from what prevailed in the last century. One of the reasons for the transformation of violence is globalization as one of the main determinants of the emergence of new types of criminal violence. At the same time, a clear differentiation of types of violence has not yet been developed in criminal law science.

In the latest edition of the project of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (January 30, 2023), which was developed by the working group on the development of criminal law of Ukraine, it is proposed to fix the definition of the concept of «violence» in the following wording: «violence is physical influence on another person, in particular by striking, beating, using acoustic, light, thermal or chemical factor or restriction of her personal freedom». The working group, defining the concepts of «violence» and «threat», includes in the content of these concepts what is currently covered by two main types of violence, namely physical and mental. This approach has been criticized, since it is impossible to mix such a type of violence as mental with the latter type – a threat.

It is well known that violence is a complex phenomenon of social reality, which has a dualistic nature and various external manifestations in the form of acts of external human behavior. Violence has two main types, namely physical and mental violence. All other types of violence distinguished in the theory of criminal law of Ukraine and criminology are covered by one of them.

It is also possible to propose the following classification criteria for distinguishing types of violence, which are not exhaustive. Depending on the addressee: direct violence, in which violent actions harm only the victim, and indirect violence, when harm is caused to people close to the victim in order to influence the latter’s behavior. Depending on the method of distribution, it is advisable to distinguish between offline violence, which is used «faceto-face», and online violence, which can take place using the capabilities of the Internet.

Until February 24, 2022, scholars considered conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence an international crime or a war crime. Obviously, with the beginning of a full-scale invasion, the problem of this type of violence requires a separate scientific study within the framework of criminal and international law.

Key words: violence, criminal liability, intent, physical violence, mental violence, psychological influence, coercion, war crime, international crime, gender-based violence, sexual violence, financial violence, illegal behavior, violent crime, victim.
System of sources of military law of Ukraine
Authors: Liashenko R. D.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzed the system of sources of military law of Ukraine and clarified the place of judicial practice in this system.

It is proposed to refer to the sources of military law of Ukraine: Constitution of Ukraine; international agreements to which Ukraine is a party; acts of military legislation; orders of heads of military administrations; acts of military command. The latest trend in the understanding of the system of sources of military law of Ukraine is the recognition of judicial practice as a form of external expression of the norms of this field of public law.

In modern conditions, it is judicial practice that plays an important role in the formation of military law. In the process of consideration of military disputes, new questions and problems arise that need to be resolved, so courts make decisions that shape judicial practice in military cases. Case law may later be incorporated into military legislation. In addition, judicial practice contributes to the protection of the rights and interests of military personnel, the resolution of conflict situations, and ensures compliance with military discipline.

Currently, the courts have considered a large number of cases related to the appeal of conclusions of military medical commissions, dismissal from military service, issues of mobilization, criminal and administrative liability of conscripts, reservists and military personnel. Consideration of such cases by the courts is aimed at ensuring compliance with military legislation and the rules of military service, implementation of the principle of equality of all before the law, and prevention of corruption offenses and abuses in the military environment.

Among the problematic issues that are relevant in modern conditions and are resolved in court are: establishing the fact of the death of a serviceman, payment of monetary assistance to the families of deceased servicemen, release from military service of prisoners of war, social protection of servicemen and their family members, etc. Domestic courts are working to improve and unify judicial practice in cases of war and war crimes, crimes against humanity, and apply the practice of the European Court of Human Rights during judicial proceedings.

In the conditions of legislative uncertainty, judicial practice acts as a factor in increasing the stability and stability of the state, because it reflects the trust of citizens in justice and state institutions. Judicial practice in modern realities is aimed at protecting the rights and interests of military personnel, observing the legal order and military discipline, and contributes to the resolution of conflict situations. Judicial practice is constantly developing and improving in accordance with the changes taking place in social and state life.

Key words: state of martial law, military law, sources of military law, military legislation, judicial practice, military disputes.
Legal communication in the conditions of transformation of legislation.
Authors: Makeіeva О. М.
Published: December 2023

Тhe article examines the theoretical and legal foundations of legal communication in the context of the transformation of legislation, its role in ensuring the effectiveness of legislation. Building a modern information society requires the application of high-quality and effective legislation. After all, the level of protection of citizens’ rights and freedoms and law and order in the state depend on the effectiveness of legislation. High-quality legislation forms the harmonious development of society and the state, reduces conflicts and promotes development. In the conditions of the transformation of legislation, legal communication plays a particularly important role in ensuring the effectiveness of the law-making process. Legislation transformation involves making changes to the legal system to respond to new societal needs, technological progress, political changes, or other factors. Today it is worth clarifying the question: what is the role of legal communication in ensuring the effectiveness of legislation? In the conditions of full-scale Russian aggression, the problem of the role of legal communication in ensuring the effectiveness of legislation is urgent and requires scientific research. The functions of legal communication contribute to greater openness, understanding and participation of the public in the process of transformation of legislation. They help create a legitimate and effective legal system that takes into account the needs and interests of society.

The thesis that legal communication and law-making are closely interrelated processes in the legal system is substantiated. Law-making involves the creation, amendment and repeal of laws, while legal communication encompasses the exchange of information and ideas related to law. It concludes that effective legal communication during the law-making process is critical to transparency, accountability and ensuring that laws are well-drafted, fair and reflect society’s needs and values.

This allows for informed decision-making, collaboration, and the inclusion of diverse perspectives in creating and changing laws. Legal communication has been proven to be a key element of success in the law transformation process, as it helps to ensure understanding, participation and support of stakeholders, and creates a basis for effective application of new rules and changes in the legal system.

Key words: legal communication, legislation, effectiveness of legislation, law-making, law-making process.
Some issues of the development of civil procedural law of Ukraine.
Authors: Meniuk D. О.
Published: December 2023

The article examines certain trends in the development of civil procedural legislation. Two main directions of changes to the Civil Code of Ukraine, which are due to European integration processes and the improvement of the implementation of electronic justice, are singled out. The latter is happening within the general digitalization of Ukrainian society. The stages of the development of electronic justice in the EU are defined. A description of electronic civil justice in Ukraine is given. Changes related to conducting court hearings in the video conference mode are considered separately. In addition, a number of other changes to the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine are analysed, as well as proposed changes designed to facilitate the provision of the right to a fair trial, in particular in the field of international judicial cooperation and the specialization of judges in the consideration of cases arising from family legal relations and related to the protection of children’s rights.

The positive points in the effort to ensure access to justice, to simplify and adapt the administration of justice despite the martial law are noted. However, taking into account the isolated aspects, the conclusion of necessary changes to the legislation which reflect universal trends in the development of civil procedural law, in particular, regarding the unification of court hearings in the video conference mode, the continued improvement of electronic justice, is made. This refers to the proposal to implement the possibility of judges holding a court session outside the court premises in the mode of video conference. However, such a possibility will violate the procedure of conducting civil proceedings, the principles and guarantees of civil procedural law, in particular the confidentiality of the consultation room. It is also determined that changes regarding the specialization of judges in resolving cases involving children require clear regulations regarding the election of such specific judges and the procedure for conducting the relevant hearings. Moreover, another problem concerning the appointment of one judge is specified. In particular, it should be clarified what will the algorithm of action be when determining cases, for example, during the illness or vacation of a judge, and how to solve the issue of insufficient number of judges in practice. In order to avoid such problems, the specified mechanisms should be discussed and fixed in the civil procedural legislation. Currently, it is pointed out that any changes must be justified by the need to ensure the effectiveness of the consideration and resolution of cases, and therefore further research on the specified subject is a necessary prerequisite for this.

Key words: civil process; civil procedural legislation; European integration; digitization; electronic justice; judicial cooperation; protection of children; specialization of judges; conducting court hearings in the mode of video conference.
Constitutional basic of state sovereignty of the USSR in 1922–1935: formal and legal aspect
Authors: Muzyka I. V. , Khudoiar L. V.
Published: December 2023

In the proposed article, the author attempts to prove that the legal basis of the Union of the SSR was a treaty concluded and ratified by the allied states, which retained their sovereignty and status as a subject of international law. The Treaty on the Formation of the USSR was included in the second chapter «Treaty on the Formation of the USSR» of the first Union Constitution of 1924. In accordance with the provisions of the Treaty, the USSR entered the Union of the SSR as a sovereign contracting state and retained the right to freely leave the Union. Formally (de jure) subjectivity of the sovereignty of the USSR was enshrined in Art. 1, 5, 6, 7 and 22 of the Constitution of the USSR of 1919, in Art. 3 – 7 of the Constitution of the USSR of 1924, in Art. 6 of the Constitution of the USSR as amended in 1925, in Art. 3 of the Constitution of the USSR of 1929. According to the concept of state sovereignty of the Danish political scientists H. Holm and H. Sorensen, the state sovereignty of the USSR as part of the USSR in 1924–1935 can be defined as negative – the kind that manifests itself in its legal and formal aspects, which assume that the state formal recognized by other states within the framework of international law and at the same time has a certain share of the ability to rule on its territory. Sovereignty in this aspect is negative because the lack of formal recognition of the state by other states would mean the absence of the very fact of sovereignty in this political and legal entity.

Key words: Ukraine, history of law, sovereignty, sovereign rights of the state, legal construction of sovereignty, Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, constitutional basic of state sovereignty of the USSR.