bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Dominance: Understanding 30 Years in Power of Montenegro’s Democratic Party of Socialists
Authors: Laštro Claudia , Bieber Florian , Marović Jovana
Published: June 2023

This article analyses the mechanisms that contributed to the 30-year predominance of the Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) in Montenegro. The authors pay particular attention to the DPS’ programmatic flexibility, use of co-optation, repression and control, as well as clientelism, examining their role in shaping state–society relations and party competition over time. In doing so, the article also seeks to explain the DPS’ setback in the 2020 elections and the ongoing transition from a dominant party system towards a more competitive multiparty system.
A Supporter in Vienna: Simon Wiesenthal and the War in Bosnia
Authors: Karčić Hamza
Published: June 2023

The author gives an inventory of Simon Wiesenthal’s advocacy for Bosnia during the 1992–1995 war. Though Wiesenthal played an active role in speaking up for Bosnia, his activism has been largely neglected in the existing literature. Based on primary sources at the Simon Wiesenthal Archive in Vienna, this article pieces together the story of how the famed Nazi hunter supported Bosnia-Herzegovina. Wiesenthal acted by speaking up about the atrocities in Bosnia, writing letters to influential decision-makers, and keeping Bosnia on the agenda. He supported a greater and more assertive American involvement to end the war and was a strong advocate of a UN war crimes tribunal, which materialized as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). By lending his voice and moral stature, Wiesenthal helped shape public opinion in favour of a more assertive international reaction to the war.
Selections from Thomas Verner Moore's “Religious Values in Mental Hygiene” (1933)
Authors: Kugelmann Robert
Published: June 2023

Thomas Verner Moore (1877-1969) was one of the most prominent Catholic psychologists and psychiatrists of the first half of the 20th century. Born in Louisville, Kentucky, to a Presbyterian father and a Catholic mother, and raised as a Catholic, he entered the Congregation of the Missionary Priests of St. Paul the Apostle—the order called the “Paulists”—in 1896 and was ordained in 1901. The Paulist novitiate, located on the campus of the Catholic University of America, founded in 1887, provided Moore with the opportunity to study the “new psychology,” that is, experimental psychology, with Edward Aloysius Pace (1861-1938), who was a priest, a psychologist, and a Thomistic philosopher of renown. After Moore earned a doctorate in psychology in 1903 under Pace, he studied with Wilhelm Wundt, a leading light in experimental psychology, in Leipzig. Moore began teaching at the Catholic University in 1910. He met with the psychologist Lightner Witmer to discern how to establish a child clinic. To do so, he needed an MD, and he returned to Germany to study with Emil Kraepelin, the “grandfather” of the DSM. He also studied with Oswald Külpe, another leading experimentalist. The outbreak of World War I cut his stay short. Upon his return to Washington, he completed an MD under Adolf Meyer, at Johns Hopkins University. Moore then opened a clinic at Providence Hospital, Washington, in 1916. He served in the Armed Forces in World War I as a psychiatrist. In the 1920s, he left the Paulists and established a Benedictine Abbey, St. Anselm's, in Washington. He was a friend of Charles Spearman, who developed factor analysis, and Moore did statistical studies, including those investigating psychiatric categories. He taught several generations of graduate students, many of whom went on to establish psychology departments at Catholic colleges. When he retired from teaching, he entered the Carthusian order. He died in Spain in 1969.
Values Sub Ratione Boni: A Thomistic Defense of Values Work in Psychotherapy
Authors: Wojdak Christopher P.
Published: June 2023

The concept of values and its place in psychotherapy are once again under attack. I examine some new and old critiques of values work in psychotherapy, and of values language more generally. I argue that charges of moral relativism are unfounded from a Thomistic perspective. This is because Thomists have reasons to conceive of values as genuine human goods. I develop this argument on the basis of two Thomistic principles: (1) the principle of desire, that human moral agents can desire and choose only under the aspect of good; and (2) the principle of finality, that the goods to which agents are ordered are determined by nature and therefore are nonarbitrary. Given these principles, values work cannot produce the kinds of deleterious results that values critics allege. I address concerns about moral wrongdoing and the problem of rank ordering, and conclude by offering two additional reasons Thomists have for finding values work not only benign, but salutary.
LncRNA NRON promotes tumorigenesis by enhancing MDM2 activity toward tumor suppressor substrates
Authors: Guo Qiannan , Li Yihui , Zhang Yunmei , Shen Liping , Lin Huayue , Chen Jianing , Song Erwei , Luo Man‐Li
Published: June 2023

The E3 ligase MDM2 promotes tumor growth and progression by inducing ubiquitin‐mediated degradation of P53 and other tumor‐suppressing proteins. Here, we identified an MDM2‐interacting lncRNA NRON, which promotes tumor formation by suppressing both P53‐dependent and independent pathways. NRON binds to MDM2 and MDMX (MDM4) via two different stem‐loops, respectively, and induces their heterogenous dimerization, thereby enhancing the E3 ligase activity of MDM2 toward its tumor‐suppressing substrates, including P53, RB1, and NFAT1. NRON knockdown dramatically inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, NRON overexpression promotes oncogenic transformation by inducing anchorage‐independent growth in vitro and facilitating tumor formation in immunocompromised mice. Clinically, NRON expression is significantly associated with poor clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. Together, our data uncover a pivotal role of lncRNA that induces malignant transformation of epithelial cells by inhibiting multiple tumor suppressor proteins.
Transcriptional and chromatin profiling of human blood innate lymphoid cell subsets sheds light on HIV‐1 pathogenesis
Authors: Wang Yetao , Lifshitz Lawrence , Silverstein Noah J , Mintzer Esther , Luk Kevin , StLouis Pamela , Brehm Michael A , Wolfe Scot A , Deeks Steven G , Luban Jeremy
Published: June 2023

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a diverse population of cells that include NK cells and contribute to tissue homeostasis and repair, inflammation, and provide protection from infection. The interplay between human blood ILCs, as well as their responses to HIV‐1 infection, remains poorly understood. This study used transcriptional and chromatin profiling to explore these questions. Transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry analysis support that there are four main ILC subsets found in human blood. Unlike in mice, human NK cells expressed the tissue repair protein amphiregulin (AREG). AREG production was induced by TCF7/WNT, IL‐2, and IL‐15, and inhibited by TGFB1, a cytokine increased in people living with HIV‐1. In HIV‐1 infection, the percentage of AREG+ NK cells correlated positively with the numbers of ILCs and CD4+ T cells but negatively with the concentration of inflammatory cytokine IL‐6. NK‐cell knockout of the TGFB1‐stimulated WNT antagonist RUNX3 increased AREG production. Antiviral gene expression was increased in all ILC subsets from HIV‐1 viremic people, and anti‐inflammatory gene MYDGF was increased in an NK‐cell subset from HIV‐1‐infected people whose viral load was undetectable in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. The percentage of defective NK cells in people living with HIV‐1 correlated inversely with ILC percentage and CD4+ T‐cell counts. CD4+ T cells and their production of IL‐2 prevented the loss of NK‐cell function by activating mTOR. These studies clarify how ILC subsets are interrelated and provide insight into how HIV‐1 infection disrupts NK cells, including an uncharacterized homeostatic function in NK cells.
Variety Affects Radicle Emergence Test Results in Wheat
Authors: Summanen Pauliina A.M. , Laurila Jaana
Published: June 2023

Thirty seed lots from four spring wheat varieties produced in Finland in 2019 were RE-tested according to ISTA rules, counting the number of seeds with a 2 mm-long radicle after 48 hours in a germination test at 15°C in darkness. There were significant differences among the varieties
in RE counts (p < 0.001). There were also differences within varieties in RE counts that could indicate vigour differences between the seed lots. The thousand seed weight (tsw) varied between varieties. However, tsw did not explain differences in RE counts (p = 0.10). The
variety effect complicates the interpretation of RE results and our results suggest that RE results should only be used to compare seed lots within the same variety. Varieties should preferably have established RE result baselines. It would not be easy to assess new varieties until the necessary
data has been generated.
Zaštitno arheološko istraživanje dijela maritimne vile u uvali Ribnjaku kod Valbandona
Authors: Gergeta Sotončić Kristina , Godinović Teodora
Published: June 2023

Tijekom jednomjesečnog zaštitnog arheološkog istraživanja koje je provedeno 2015. godine na području dijela maritimne vile koja se rasprostire duž sjevernog dijela uvale Ribnjaka kod Valbandona, otkriven je dio termalnog sklopa sa sustavom zidnog grijanja i osiguranim dotokom vode. Podovi prostorija bili su prekriveni podnim mozaicima, bočni zidovi ukrašeni mramornim oplatama i freskama, a stropovi dekorativnim elementima izvedenima u štuku. Izgradnja istraženog dijela vile datira u 1. stoljeće. Tijekom 2. i 3. stoljeća prostorije su adaptirane na način da su prostori iz 1. faze korištenja pregrađeni formiranjem novih zidova ili su postojeći zidovi ojačani. Konačno napuštanje ovog prostora u 4. stoljeću potvrđuju numizmatički nalazi. Arheološko istraživanje popraćeno je zahvatom preventivne zaštite mozaika i zidnih žbuka.
Keramički nalazi i ostali pokretni arheološki materijal s lokaliteta Ošlje – Gradac
Authors: Karađole Ana , Grbić Nikša
Published: June 2023

Istraživanje kasnoantičke kule na položaju Gradac u selu Ošlju rezultiralo je pronalaskom pokretnog arheološkog materijala koji je tema ovog rada. Većina predmeta pripada razdoblju kasne antike, ali prepoznat je i brončanodobni, odnosno željeznodobni materijal, kao i helenistički koji nam svjedoče o aktivnostima na ovom položaju. Kasnoantički materijal tipološki je detaljno obrađen, a osim kuhinjske keramike koja je proizvod lokalnih radionica, kod ostalih je ulomaka uglavnom riječ o importu radionica iz dvaju glavnih kasnoantičkih proizvodnih i distribucijskih središta, sjeverne Afrike i istočnomediteranskog areala.
Photography as Cinematic Ekphrasis: Intermedial Study in Garin Nugroho’s Opera Jawa
Authors: Wibisono Sony
Published: June 2023

The Opera Jawa (2006), directed by Garin Nugroho is an Indonesian film with unique hybridity of art media (music, dance, visual art installation, acting, photography). This study aims to provide an overview of photographic ekphrasis’s form, process, and function. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection was through observation with the note-taking documentation technique. Through intermedial studies, data analysis was carried out using Agnes Petho’s cinematic ekphrasis and photo-filmic theory. The results of the study show that Opera Jawa displays the characteristics of intermedial reference media through cinematic ekphrasis of photography in film. This matter is manifested at the diegetic media level through family photos of the character Setyo-Siti, and the extra-diegetic media through photographic frames introducing film characters. Cinematic Ekphrasis works with exchange strategies and crossing the borders of basic media modalities (material, sensory, space-time, semiotic) from film to photography. Cinematic ekphrasis ultimately forms a metaphor that mediates the experience and knowledge of film audiences toward the target media and the source media. Thus, Opera Jawa, as the target media, can offer its ideology as a result of Sinta Obong’s source media interpretation.
The Investigation of Psychological Motives of Creative Abilities in The Omani Musical Intelligence
Authors: Alkiyumi Mohammed Talib
Published: June 2023

The Sultanate of Oman is characterized by a huge and creative musical heritage that remains mostly preserved. One hundred forty-two different traditional musical genres and styles (funun) have been registered in the Sultanate. This study aimed to investigate the Omanis’ musical creative achievements and the psychological motives behind Omani musical creative achievements. The present qualitative study adopted ethnographic research. The two study’s questions were answered in two stages: firstly, by analysis of relevant documents of Omani genres, and secondly stage based on analysis of documentary films and direct observations. The study showed that the Omanis created such musical achievements, including many genres, rhythms, instruments, and ways of performing. Furthermore, research has shown psychological motives that motivated Omani people to create these various genres, such as provocation of enthusiasm, meditation, religious motivations, poetic competition, and emotional motivation. For each motive, musical genres have been presented.
Development of Artistic and Creative Activities for Design Students
Authors: Zhu Lin , Lu Jiachang
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this scientific study is to identify key areas for the development of the artistic and creative activity of students studying the basics of design in higher educational institutions, which contributes to improving their creative abilities and developing the ability to create an innovative product design. The basis of the methodological approach in this scientific study is a combination of methods of systematic analysis of the key principles of teaching design in modern higher educational institutions with a comprehensive study of the real prospects for the introduction of innovative solutions in the process of teaching design in order to develop artistic and creative activity among future specialists in this profession. The results are the importance of developing modern students’ artistic and creative activity for design departments of higher educational institutions to improve their skills in creating artistic product design and the ability to develop innovative design were obtained. Also, the results illustrate the success of applying specific methods of training designers to implement the tasks. The practical significance of the results obtained in this research work lies in the possibility of their application in the process of teaching students of design departments of modern higher education institutions to develop their understanding of the principles of artistic design and the ability to transfer such skills to the creation of modern products with innovative design.
Integration of Experience and Achievements in the Development of Performing Skills of Kazakh Dance in Higher Education Institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kenzhetaeva Aliya , Aitkalieva Karlgash , Amreyeva Tolkyn
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this research is to study the experience and achievements of previous generations of folk dance performers to improve work with future choreographers who study Kazakh folk dance in higher education institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study’s methodological approach is the search and theoretical analysis of sources aimed at studying both the history of the Kazakh folk dance itself and the development of the performing skills methods of Kazakh dance in future choreographers. This research uses typological, historical, and thematic analysis methods from used literature collected during the writing of the article. The author analyzes the historical stages of the development of the professional training of choreographers-performers and the influence of the experiences and achievements of previous generations on the performing skills of future choreographers in Kazakh higher educational institutions. This study also found that modern teaching is based on the integration of experience and achievements in the art of choreography for the development of performing skills and choreographer-performer skills of Kazakh folk dances in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This research work is of practical importance in the study, as well as training of future choreographers who study dance in various areas of original folk art in higher education institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The epitaxial iron-yttrium garnet films with homogeneous properties and narrow FMR line width
Authors: Yushchuk S.I. , Yur`ev S.A. , Moklyak V.V.
Published: June 2023

The growth of iron-yttrium garnet Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) films with of 1...15 μm thicknesses on single-crystal substrates of gallium-gadolinium garnet Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) was carried out using the method of liquid phase epitaxy (LPE). The influence of the composition and mass of the charge, the temperature regimes, the rates of movement and the substrate rotation on the films parameters were studied. The layered structure caused by the heterogeneity of the chemical composition in the film thickness was determined and studied The dependence of the degree impurity of Pb2+ and Pt4+ ions in YIG films and their influence on the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) line width ∆H on the films growth conditions was investigated. It’s shown that in order to obtain by the LPE method the series of defect-free films with low magnetic losses and reproducible parameters, it’s necessary to use melt-solutions of large mass (6...12 kg) and apply their additional mixing during the growth process.
THE The ternary system Hf–Re–Al at 1000 °C
Authors: Zinko Liana , Nychyporuk Galyna , Matselko Oksana , Gladyshevskii Roman
Published: June 2023

The interaction of the components in the Hf–Re–Al system was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The isothermal section of the phase diagram at 1000 °C was constructed in the full concentration range. A new ternary compound ~Hf5Re2Al2, isostructural with Ti5Ga4 (hP18, P63/mcm), and two extended solid solutions Hf(Re,Al)2 were found.
Mesopotamian archaeology and travel literature: shifting relationships
Authors: Ooghe B.
Published: June 2023

El estudio en la última década de las relaciones entre viajes, literatura de viajes y la arqueología del Próximo Oriente antiguo ha pasado de ser un tema eludible de la arqueología a tener su propio campo de investigación. Aun así, mucho de lo que se ha publicado hasta el momento se ha centrado en el siglo XIX, en cuestiones de yacimientos concretos o en personajes destacados. La investigación sobre los primeros exploradores, el desarrollo general de intereses académicos en la región y el potencial uso práctico de los escritos de viajes todavía tienen que integrarse plenamente en la disciplina arqueológica del Próximo Oriente antiguo. Con la moda actual de los estudios sobre viajes y las recientes publicaciones de algunas visiones generales que ofrecen nuevos elementos significativos parece que ha llegado el momento de ver cómo se ha desarrollado la relación existente entre la literatura de viajes y la arqueología del Próximo Oriente -en concreto de (la baja) Mesopotamia-. Este artículo defiende que el desarrollo de la arqueología mesopotámica como una disciplina aparte y una percepción concreta de su historia han introducido durante los siglos XIX y XX una cuña entre el arqueólogo y el viajero, así como entre la investigación arqueológica y la literatura de viajes. Como visión general del cambio en las relaciones entre ambos, este artículo aboga por una mayor integración de los estudios sobre viajes en el campo de la arqueología.Palabras clave: Arqueología, viaje, Mesopotamia, literatura, historia disciplinaria. AbstractStudying the links between travel, travel literature and the archaeology of the Near East has, over the course of the past decade, slowly developed from a side-step of archaeology into a more ‘proper’ field of enquiry. However, much of what has been published so far has remained focused on the nineteenth century, on site-specific issues or on highlighted individuals. Research into the early explorers, the broad developments of academic interests in the region and the potential practical use of travel writing have yet to become fully integrated into the Near Eastern archaeological discipline. With the present vogue of travel studies and the recent publication of several overviews offering significant new insights, the time seems at hand for an examination of how the relationships between travel literature and Near Eastern –specifically (lower) Mesopotamian– archaeology have developed over time. This paper argues that the development of Mesopotamian archaeology as a distinct discipline and a specific perception of its history have during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries drawn a wedge between the archaeologist and the traveler, as well as between archaeological research and travel literature. As a general overview of changing relationships between the two, the paper pleads for a more thorough integration of travel studies into the field of archaeology.Keywords: Archaeology, travel, Mesopotamia, literature, disciplinary history.
Pascual de Gayangos, descubridor de pasados olvidados viajeros. La sistematización de una biblioteca
Authors: Escribano Martín F.
Published: June 2023

La figura de Pascual de Gayangos es clave para España por muchos aspectos. Como orientalistas tenemos una referencia en Gayangos, también por distintos motivos. De su personalidad poliédrica, y como investigador de la historia del Orientalismo en España, trato aquí de indagar en la importancia de su trabajo en nuestros inicios en esta ciencia y cómo su biblioteca, aún hoy, y repartida en distintas instituciones, sigue siendo un elemento de trabajo importantísimo. En este sentido, este artículo tiene dos “anexos”: un listado de alguno de sus manuscritos claves en nuestras investigaciones, y la bibliografía relacionada, tanto la de su época como la surgida a partir de su biblioteca.Palabras clave: Pascual de Gayangos, Orientalismo, BiblioteconomíaAbstractThe figure of Pascual de Gayangos is very important for Spain in a lot of senses. As orientalists we have in Gayangos a reference, also for different reasons. From his different personality, and as orientalism history researcher I would like to talk about the importance of his work at the beginning of this science in Spain and about his library, today a reference for the people who work on this science. To this effect, two appendices are attached: the first about some of his manuscripts and the second about bibliography related to his library.Keywords: Pascual de Gayangos, Orientalism, Librarianship
Edgar Poe y el próximo oriente de la antigüedad
Authors: Fernández Palacios F.
Published: June 2023

El artículo analiza la aparición del Próximo Oriente de la Antigüedad en la obra de Edgar Poe (1809-1849), especialmente en 12 de sus escritos. Con ello se extraen conclusiones acerca de las funciones del Antiguo Próximo Oriente en Poe y también acerca de la recepción en la Norteamérica de la primera mitad del siglo XIX de noticias sobre exploraciones e investigaciones en aquellas tierras.Palabras clave: Literatura, Historia, Poe, Antiguo Próximo Oriente, exploraciones. AbstractThe article analyzes the appearance of the Ancient Near East in the works of Edgar Poe (1809-1849), especially in 12 of his writings. Some conclusions are reached on the purposes of the Ancient Near East in Poe and on the reception in the North America of the 1st half of the 19th century of news about exploration and research in those lands.Keywords: Literature, History, Poe, Ancient Near East, explorations.
La aventura de Paul Nadar en Turkestán: Sobre fotografías y el redescubrimiento de Asia Central
Authors: Fernández Negro Javier
Published: June 2023

A finales del siglo XIX las líneas fronterizas se quebraban, lo lejano y exótico comenzaba a antojarse próximo. Uno de los que acercaron a la sociedad occidental el espacio geográfico y el marco cultural de la Ruta de la Seda fue Paul Nadar a través de sus fotografías. Hijo del célebre Félix Nadar, el fotógrafo siguió la estela paterna en aras del avance de una nueva disciplina, cuyas posibilidades parecían no tener límites. Entre los meses de agosto y noviembre de 1890, P. Nadar recorrió el país turkmeno gracias a la recién nacida línea ferroviaria transcaspiana. De aquel viaje nos dejó aproximadamente 1.200 instantáneas en las que podemos ver la vida y costumbres de los pueblos de Asia Central, así como las ruinas de Samarcanda y Merv, entre otras.Palabras clave: Paul Nadar, fotografía, viaje a Asia Central, arqueología de Asia Central, redescubrimiento de Asia Central Abstract: In the end of the XIXth century the opposite lines were broken, the distant and exotic began to be closer. One of the main characters who closed to the western society the geography and culture of the Silk Route through his pictures was Paul Nadar. The son of the famous Felix Nadar followed his trail, advancing in one new discipline, the photography, whose possibilities had not limits. Between August and November of 1890, Nadar travelled around Turkmen thanks to the new trascaspasiana railway. In this journey Nadar let us approximately 1200 pictures in which we can see the life and customs of the villages from Asia Central, and the ruins of Samarkand and Merv, among others.Keywords: Paul Nadar, photography, Journey to Central Asia, archeology to Central Asia, rediscovery of the Central Asia.
Evolución de la presencia guti en Mesopotamia y su papel en el colapso del Imperio acadio
Authors: Torres Elena
Published: June 2023

La presencia de población guti en Mesopotamia se ha interpretado tradicionalmente como producto de la irrupción brusca de este pueblo de los Zagros en la Mesopotamia de finales del Imperio acadio. Los testimonios de que disponemos son escasos y oscuros, indirectos en su mayoría. Nos permiten vislumbrar sin embargo que Gutium está presente en la zona desde mucho antes, y su relación con la cultura mesopotámica adopta diferentes roles en distintos momentos: como frontera oriental en las vías de comercio a larga distancia en época sumeria, como tributarios del Imperio sargónida y finalmente como el grupo de población que aprovecha una coyuntura de vacío de poder al final del período acadio para hacerse con el control efímero de una pequeña parte del territorio que antes había conformado el gran Imperio acadio.Palabras clave: Gutium, guti, Imperio acadio, Zagros, pueblos tributarios, comercio, Lugalannemundu, Adab, Sargón, Naram-Sîn, ŠarkaliXarri, Elulu, Dudu, Šu-durul, anarquía. AbstractThe presence of Gutian population in Mesopotamia has been traditionally interpreted as a consequence of the irruption of this people from the Zagros into the Mesopotamia of the late Akkadian empire. The statements we have are scant and dubious, mainly indirect. They let us nevertheless discern that Gutium is present on the zone from much before, and its relationships with Mesopotamian culture adopt different rolls in different moments: as an eastern border in the long distance merchandising routes at Sumerian time, as tributary land of the Sargonid empire, and finally as a group of population that takes advantage of the power vacuum at the end of the Akkadian period to obtain an ephemeral control of a small part of the territory that had once constituted the great Akkadian empire.Keywords: Gutium, Gutean, Akkadian empire, Zagros mountains, tributary peoples, Lugalannemundu, Adab, Sargon, Naram-Sîn, ŠarkaliXarri, Elulu, Dudu, Šu-durul, anarchy.
D'Ébla á Ougarit: Les marchands d'Oura et les tissus bariolés
Authors: Pasquali Jacopo
Published: June 2023

Dans les textes administratifs d’Ébla du milieu du IIIème millénaire av.-J.C. on trouve parfois des tissus bariolés en laine qualifiés comme ù-ra (ki). À mon avis il s’agit d’un toponyme indiquant le lieu d’origine ou d’importation des vêtements. On peut identifier ce toponyme avec le nome de la ville d’Oura en Cilicie bien connue pendant l’époque du Bronze Récent. Ses marchands en effet étaient célèbres grâce à des tissus en laine colorés.Mots clef: Ébla, langue éblaïte, IIIème millénaire, Syria, tissus, rituels, tissus bariolés, dieux des Enfers, Ougarit, Oura, Cilicie, toponymie, Bronze Récent, Commerce. AbstractIn the text from the III millennium Syrian city of Ebla the term ù-ra(ki) is a rarely attested qualificationapplied to precious multicoulored fabrics. This term can be interpreted as a toponym identifying the textilesaccording to their geographical origin, i. e. the Cilician city of Ura well known in the ugaritic texts of theLate Bronze Age.Keywords: Ebla, Eblaic Language, IIIrd Millennium B.C., Syria, Textile Terminology, Rituals, Coulored Textiles, Chtonian Deity, Ugarit, Ura, Late Bronze Age, Cilicia, Toponomastic, Trade.
More on TMH 1, 354: An Old Assyrian debt-note in the Hilprecht Collection in Jena
Authors: Bramanti Armando
Published: June 2023

TMH 1, 354 is an Old Assyrian debt-note of silver from the k?rum of Kaneš kept in the Hilprecht Collection in Jena. This contribution offers a new copy and a photographic reproduction of the text. A dating to KEL 82 (Šarru-k?n 27) was also made possible by the recent edition of the tablets of the Kt o/k archive.Keywords: Old Assyrian, debt-note, loan contract, Hilprecht Collection, Jamuštum. AbstractTMH 1, 354 ist ein aus k?rum Kaneš stammender altassyrischer Verpflichtungsschein über Silber, der heute in der Hilprecht Sammlung in Jena aufbewahrt wird. Der folgende Aufsatz bietet eine neue Handkopie und eine fotographische Reproduktion des Textes. Eine Datierung auf das 82. Jahr der KEL (27. Jahr des Šarruk?n) wurde aufgrund der letzter Veröffentlichung der Tafeln des Kt o/k Archivs möglich.Schlüsselwörter: Altassyrisch, Verpflichtungsschein, Hilprecht Sammlung, Jamuštum.
Su un graffito de Ekron
Authors: Amadasi Guzzo Maria Giulia
Published: June 2023

L’articolo consiste in una nuova ipotesi di interpretazione di una breve iscrizione incisa prima della cottura su un frammento di anfora commerciale trovata a Tell Miqneh/Ekron in un contesto templare di VII secolo a.C. Si suppone che ambedue i nomi presenti sul coccio siano nomi propri di persona.Parole chiave: Ekron, epigrafia semitica. AbstractThe article consists in a new interpretation of a short inscription engraved before firing on a store amphora fragment found at Tell Miqneh/Eqron in a VIIth century B.C. temple context. It is supposed that both the names quoted are personal names.Keywords:  Ekron, West Semitic epigraphy.
El encuentro de Pero Tafur y Niccoló dei Conti
Authors: Villalba Ruiz de Toledo F. Javier
Published: June 2023

Con este trabajo hemos tratado de analizar alguno de los condicionantes que están detrás del relato del encuentro entre dos viajeros europeos en las tierras del Sinaí a finales de la Edad Media, incluido en uno de los Libros de Viaje más célebres de aquella época: las Andanças e Viajes de Pero Tafur. Las referencias al comerciante italiano, Niccolò dei Conti, permiten hacer una comparación con los datos que sobre el mismo nos proporciona el gran humanista Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, si bien abundando en unos aspectos puramente biográficos que quedan completamente ocultos en la obra del italiano.Palabras clave: Edad Media, Viajeros, Pero Tafur, Niccolo dei Conti, Francesco Poggio, Libros de Viaje AbstractWith this paper we tried to analyze some of the conditions behind the story about the meeting between two European travelers in the land of Sinai in the late Middle Ages, included in one of the most famous Travel Book from that era: Andanças e Viajes of Pero Tafur. References to the Italian merchant, Niccolò dei Conti, allow a comparison with data given by the great humanist Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, although alluding to purely biographical aspects which are completely hidden in the work of the Italian.Keywords: Middle Ages, Travelers, Pero Tafur, Niccolo dei Conti, Francesco Poggio, Travel Books
Aššurbanipal contra Babilonia
Authors: Jiménez Zamudio Rafael , Pino Cano Juan Antonio
Published: June 2023

Durante los primeros años de su reinado Aššurbanipal tuvo que hacer frente a diversas coaliciones, entre las que sobresalió la abanderada por su hermanastro Šamašumuk?n y a la vez rey de Babilonia. En esta inscripción se da cuenta de la destrucción de Babilonia y de la muerte de Šamašumuk?n. Con tintes dramáticos y pinceladas de trágico patetismo se nos describe la destrucción de los enemigos de Aššurbanipal. El texto que presentamos corresponde a las columnas III y IV del prisma A de Assurbanipal, a partir de A III 70-135 (= en nuestro texto 1-66) y A IV 41-109 (= en nuestro texto 67-135).Palabras clave: Assurbanipal, Šamašumuk?n, Babilonia. Abstract:During the first years of his reign, Assurbanipal had to face diverse coalitions, and specially the one promoted by his stepbrother Samasumukin, at that time king of Babylon. This inscription recounts the destruction of Babylon and Samasumukin's death. With dramatic dyes and brushstrokes of tragic pathos the destruction of Assurbanipal´s enemies is described. The text we offer in this paper corresponds to the columns IIIrd and IVth of the A prism of Assurbanipal, from the III rd 70-135 (= in our text 1-66) and to the IVth 41-109 (= in our text 67-135).Keywords: Assurbanipal, Šamašumuk?n, Babylon.
Ra y el oro en los Textos de las Pirámides: Algunas notas
Authors: Borrego Gallardo Francisco L.
Published: June 2023

Las relaciones entre Ra, el dios del sol, y el oro parecen ser un tema bien conocido de la religión egipcia antigua dadas las asociaciones solares de dicho metal precioso. Sin embargo, no existen estudios que se hayan ocupado de conocer en detalle dichas relaciones. En este trabajo se propone un análisis de los encantamientos de los Textos de las Pirámides donde existen vínculos entre dicha deidad y el oro, teniendo en cuenta tanto los precedentes de dichas asociaciones de significado como los componentes literarios intertextuales de los pasajes relevantes. A resultas de este análisis se ha constatado que la riqueza de imágenes, contextos y expresiones que asocian a Ra con el oro es notablemente mayor de la más evidente de las metáforas que los ligan en relación con la luz y el brillo de ambos. Aparecen así ligados en contextos de protección contra ofidios, en relación con la alegría jubilosa, en descripciones del cielo previo al amanecer como cuajado de luces de varios minerales, en la imagen de Ra como un ternero de oro cuando nace por el este o como de una punta de flecha o de lanza de oro que atraviesa la bóveda celeste, o en la caracterización como áureas de una roseta como forma primigenia de Ra o de una barca de ese mismo dios.Palabras clave: Egipto antiguo, religión egipcia, Reino Antiguo, Dios sol, Ra, oro, Textos de las Pirámides, Encantamientos de Textos de las Pirámides nº 238, 282, 334, 359, 467, 485, 501B.Abstract:The relations between Re, the Sun-god, and the gold seem to be a well-known topic of the Egyptian religion given the solar associations of that precious metal. Nevertheless, there are not detailed studies on those associations. This paper aims to analyse the spells of the Pyramid Texts where that deity and the gold are related, taking into account its precedents and the literary and intertextual elements of the concerned passages. As a result of this analysis it has been established that the richness of images, contexts and expressions that associate the god Re and the gold is significantly higher than the most evident metaphor that link them by means of the light and bright of both of them. They are thus related in contexts of protection against snakes, rising with an exalted joy, in descriptions of the sky before the sunrise as a space full of light as made in several minerals, in the image of Re as a calf of gold when he rises from the east, or the description of a rosette –a primeval form of Re– and of a boat of this god as made in gold.Keywords: Ancient Egypt, ancient Egyptian Religion, Old Kingdom, Sun-god, Re, gold, Pyramid Texts, Pyramid Texts Spells no. 238, 282, 334, 359, 467, 485, 501B
Jebel al-Mutawwaq: la evolución del estudio de un yacimiento de la Edad de Bronce Antiguo I en la estepa jordana
Authors: Muñiz Álvarez Juan Ramón , Polcaro Andrea , Álvarez Martínez Valentín
Published: June 2023

El yacimiento de Jebel Mutawwaq es un lugar excepcional para el estudio de la Edad del Bronce Antiguo I en el Oriente Próximo. Es un poblado construido y abandonado repentinamente en ese periodo concreto (3500 – 3000 a.c.), sin que se haya reocupado posteriormente. Los restos recuperados forman parte de este periodo protourbano, que en este caso no se llegó a consolidar. Su situación geográfica dentro del valle del río Zarqa, le sitúa en un ambiente singular respecto a otros yacimientos transjordanos de este periodo como Jawa o Umm Hammad. El poblado cuenta además con un campo dolménico de más de 1100 monumentos alrededor de la misma montaña.Palabras clave: Mutawwaq, Bronce Antiguo I, Protourbanismo, Casas de planta ovalada, Río Zarqa. Abstract: Jebel Mutawwaq is an exceptional place for the study of Early Bronze I in Middle East. It is a settlement constructed and suddenly left in this particular period (3500 - 3000 BC), without any later reoccupation. The recovered remains are a part of this proto-urban period that in this case it did not manage to consolidate. Its geographical situation, inside the Valley of Zarqa River, places it in a singular environment to other Jordan villages of this period as Jawa or Umm Hammad. The settlement is in addition a dolmens field with more than 1100 monuments located around the same mountain.Keywords: Mutawwaq, Early Bronce, Proto-urbanism, Oval houses, Zarqa river.
Some information related to the art histrory of the hephthalite time (4th-6th centuries ad) in Central Asia niegbouring countries
Authors: Kurbanov Aydogdy
Published: June 2023

Este artículo trata de los objetos que podrían estar en relación con los heftalitas, quienes vivieron en el territorio de Asia Central y sus regiones vecinas en los ss. IV y VI d. C. En los ss. V-VI d. C., los heftalitas pudieron crear un gran imperio. Es sabido que sus materiales son muy escasos e incluso que su datación es a menudo aproximada e inexacta. Sin embargo el autor intenta interpretar, en esta ocasión, los datos disponibles provenientes de varias fuentes sobre los heftalitas, a pesar de que algunas cuestiones de gran importancia continúan estando abiertas a la discusión y que probablemente permanezcan así por algún tiempo todavía.Palabras clave: Heftalitas, arte, historia, Asia Central, Subcontinente indio. Abstract:The paper deals with the artefacts which might be related to the Hephthalites, who lived in territory of Central Asia and neighbouring countries in 4th – 6th centuries AD. In the 5th - 6th centuries AD, the Hephthalites could establish a great empire. It is noted that the materials are very limited, and even the dating is often approximate and inexact. Nevertheless, author has here tried to interpret the available data from various sources on the Hephthalites, even if several major questions continue to be open for discussion and will probably remain so for some time in the future.Keywords: Hephthalites, art history, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent.
Sharing of water resources and political unification in the lowland valleys of and in the Hadramawt in Antiquity
Authors: Mouton Michel
Published: June 2023

La búsqueda del agua y su distribución es un factor importante de complejidad social. La adopción de una técnica de adquisición de agua puede transformar las estructuras de una sociedad. En el antiguo Yemen el patrón de asentamiento en las tierras bajas de los valles estaba basado en la agricultura de irrigación. El desarrollo gradual de las técnicas hidráulicas permitió un incremento de la actividad agrícola desde el curso alto al curso bajo en los valles. El reparto del agua a lo largo del lecho del mismo río fue primordial para la cohesión de las comunidades. La construcción de una red de aldeas y ciudades a lo largo de cada valle dio como resultado la creación de los antiguos reinos de Awsan, Saba o Qataban y sus capitales situadas en el margen del desierto. Cada uno de esos reinos que limitan con el ramlat as sab’atayn, tuvieronuna identidad fuerte, conformada por prácticas religiosas y sociales comunes en un territorio bien delimitado. La unificación en el Hadramaut se hizo de manera distinta. Aquí, las inundaciones estacionales en el curso del valle central nunca fueron canalizadas, lo que supone la inexistencia de prácticas comunes de distribución a lo largo de todo el valle. Como consecuencia, las prácticas de irrigación no facilitaron la integración gradual de las distintas comunidades en una única entidad política.Palabras clave: Yemen, civilización sabea, Hadramaut, irrigación, patrón de asentamiento Abstract:Search for water and its management is a significant factor of complexity. The adoption of a technique for water supply can overturns the structures of a society. In ancient Yemen, the settlement pattern in the lowlands valleys was based on irrigated agriculture. The gradual development of hydraulic technics led to an increasing agricultural activity from upstream to downstream in the valleys. The sharing of the water along a same riverbed was significant to the cohesion of the communities. The building up of a network of villages and towns along each valley resulted in the formation of the ancient kingdoms, Awsan, Saba’, Qataban and their capitals on the edge of the desert. Each of those kingdoms bordering the Ramlat as-Sab’atayn had a strong identity, made of common religious and social practices on a well limited territory. The unification in the Hadramawt was of a different level. There, the seasonal floods in the main central course were never diverted, bringing about any sharing practices along the whole valley. As a consequence, irrigation practices did not facilitate the gradual integration of the different communities in a single political entity.Keywords: Yemen, Sabaean civilisation, Hadramawt, irrigation, settlement pattern
Sociología de la Educación Comparada: Aportes desde la Perspectiva de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Martínez García José Saturnino , Giovine Manuel Alejandro
Published: June 2023

Si bien existen numerosas publicaciones que realizan estudios comparados en educación, no es tan frecuente encontrar reflexiones de segundo orden que sustenten y cuestionen de manera crítica la posibilidad real de comparar sistemas educativos distantes entre sí, ya sea en el espacio geo-político como en el tiempo, incluso en un mismo país. En este artículo nos proponemos aportar a ese debate de la sociología de la educación comparada desde el marco teórico de Pierre Bourdieu. En un primer momento, realizamos una reconstrucción de los antecedentes de la educación comparada como un área disciplinar en desarrollo, y un segundo momento, se presentan las categorías y reflexiones fundamentales que puede aportar la perspectiva de Pierre Bourdieu a esta discusión. En el primer momento se establece una secuencia lógica y otra histórica de los estudios de educación comparada y en el segundo se presentan las principales aportaciones relacionadas con los conceptos de capital escolar, campo, estrategias y habitus.  Finalmente, el artículo propone la necesidad de una vigilancia epistemológica y de un cuidado ético en el estudio científico comparado en educación. De lo contrario, se puede ejercer la violencia simbólica que surge producto de la reificación y la naturalización de las unidades de comparación.
El Estudio de Caso en la Investigación del Cambio en la Cultura Escolar
Authors: Ceballos-Vacas Esperanza , Trujillo-González Elisa , Fernández Esteban Mª Inmaculada , González Delgado Mónica Yballa
Published: June 2023

Este artículo presenta el estudio de caso como un método óptimo para el análisis de la cultura escolar y sus transformaciones, con especial atención a las prácticas escolares en el contexto particular en el que cobran sentido. Esta idoneidad se ilustra con un estudio de caso llevado a cabo desde el curso 2015/16 hasta el 2018/19 en un instituto de Educación Secundaria de Tenerife, poniendo de manifiesto cómo el reto de su elevada multiculturalidad ha influido en la transformación de su cultura escolar. Se muestra el proceso de investigación: La selección del caso y su contextualización, la construcción de las preguntas de investigación, la negociación con el centro y la selección de fuentes y técnicas para la recogida de información, la elaboración de sus unidades (alumnado; respuestas educativas y transformaciones de la cultura escolar) y categorías de análisis y la interpretación de sus resultados. Las respuestas educativas evidencian el cambio hacia una cultura escolar más intercultural y participativa, donde priman las relaciones de cuidado. Se concluye la adecuación del estudio de caso para una evaluación auténtica de la construcción y reconstrucción de la cultura escolar desde la perspectiva de sus protagonistas.
Assessment of combined straw pulp and energy production
Authors: Leponiemi Anja , Johansson Allan , Sipilä Kai
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of a new, straw-based fibre manufacturing technology integrated to bioenergy and biofuels production. The process is based on a novel hot water treatment and subsequent mechanical refining, both of which are performed at a high temperature. Soda process, ethanol production, and chemical defibration based on hot water treatment and subsequent alkaline peroxide bleaching were selected as references. The idea is to utilise the fibre fraction for packaging and the dissolved solids and the formed fines for energy. The investment costs of this process are significantly lower than those of a soda process. Additionally, a chemicals recovery process is unnecessary. Furthermore, the process offers an attractive alternative for biogas production. However, the assessment showed that the process could only be economical in some terms. Subsidies for investment would probably be needed to promote the acceptance of this environmentally safe process.
Chemical and physico-chemical characterization of lignins obtained from ethanol-water fractionation of bagasse
Authors: Vallejos María E. , Felissia Fernando E. , Curvelo Aprigio A. S. , Zambon Marcia D. , Ramos Luis , Area María C.
Published: June 2023

Organosolv lignins can replace petroleum chemicals such as phenol either partially or totally in various applications. Eight lignins, seven of which corresponded to the ethanol-water fractionation of bagasse and the other to a reference lignin (Alcell®) were analyzed with the aim to evaluate their chemical and physicochemical characteristics. The purity of the lignin fractions was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and by ash content. Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques and differential UV spectroscopy were applied to identify the chemical groups in the lignin samples. The molecular weight distribution was determined by size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques were used to determine the mass loss due to the high temperature treatment. The lignins studied showed the presence of p-hydroxyphenyl (H unit) and a greater proportion of guaiacyl (G unit) moieties, lower purity, similar or greater amount of phenolic hydroxyl groups, and higher degradation temperatures, than the Alcell® lignin.