bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Work Culture And Human Rights-Based Public Services On Visitor Satisfaction In The Class IIA Muara Padang Correctional Institution
Authors: NISA KHAIRUN , Frinaldi Aldri
Published: August 2024

Factors that can affect visitor satisfaction are human rights-based work culture and public services. In this study, the author aims to identify and explain the Influence of Work Culture and Human Rights-Based Public Services on Visitor Satisfaction at Muara Padang Class IIA Correctional Institution. This research uses associative quantitative method. The sampling technique in this study using accidental sampling technique. The accidental sampling technique is a technique of determining the sample based on chance. The sample in this study amounted to 100 visitors or visitors who were visiting the Class IIA Muara Padang Correctional Institution. The data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire using a Likert scale measurement. The analysis of this research uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant influence between work culture on visitor satisfaction with an R Adjusted Square value of 0.144. Furthermore, in the human rights-based public service variable on visitor satisfaction there is also a significant influence with the R Adjusted Square value of 0.226 and there is a simultaneous significant influence between work culture and human rights-based public services on visitor satisfaction seen from the regression test results. Adjusted R Square value of 0.267. It can be said that there is an influence partially or simultaneously in this study.
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pedagang Terhadap Tata Kelola Pasar Lubuk Buaya oleh Dinas Perdagangan Kota Padang
Authors: Nugraha Jerry Wahyu , Adnan M Fachri
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the level of trader satisfaction with the governance of Lubuk Buaya Market. The background of this research is since Lubuk Buaya Market was only revitalized last year. However, it is known that in general the level of trader satisfaction is still relatively low, because the revitalization is still uneven and there are still shortcomings. Therefore, the satisfaction of traders must be considered by the manager so that traders feel comfortable in Lubuk Buaya Market. In this study, researchers used a quantitative approach with a descriptive method in Lubuk Buaya Market. The data obtained were collected through the process of questionnaire distribution, observation and documentation studies. The results showed that governance from the manager is very influential on trader satisfaction.
Synthesis And Characterization of Fe3O4/Ag Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Application
Authors:   Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Heydaryan Kamran , Taha Sawen ,   Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Omar Mohammed ,   Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Mohammed Suhaib ,   Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Ismael Ramyar ,   Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Kamal Younis ,   Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Abdukadir Ahmed ,   Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Saeed Ibrahim ,   Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: August 2024

In this study, we synthesized Ag/Fe3O4 nanoparticles through the co-precipitation method, designating them as S1, S2, and S3 based on varying reaction times (RT) of 60, 30, and 15 minutes, respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles underwent microbiological tests and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays to assess their antibacterial potential against a spectrum of bacteria. Building upon this, S2 exhibited superior antibacterial efficacy compared to both S1 and S3. Also, structural elucidation of Ag/Fe3O4 nanoparticles was achieved through a comprehensive analysis using UV-visible spectroscopy, a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The morphological features, as determined by Field Emission Scanning Microscopy (FESM) revealed an average nanoparticle size of 25 nm. The engineered nanoparticles, especially highlighted by S2, show significant potential as potent antibacterial agents, particularly in scenarios where Gram- negative bacteria play a crucial role. This work integrates microbiological evaluations with structural considerations, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of these nanoparticles and paving the way for their potential applications in biomedical fields.
Anti-parkinsonian Activity of Borago Officinalis Ethanolic Extract in Rotenone- Induced Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors:   Assistant Professor of pharmacology/College of medicine/Babylon/Iraq, Selman Selman , Madhi Hala ,   Babylon university/Department of pharmacology/Babylon/Iraq, NeamaMadlum Kaiser ,   Professor of cell biology / College of medicine/Department of Human Anatomy /University of Babylon/Iraq
Published: August 2024

Abstract—Background: Parkinson disease (PD) was one of the most prevalent slow-moving, age-related neurodegenerative diseases, which is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Bradykinesia, stiffness, postural instability, akinesia, and tremor are some clinical motor signs of PD.This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and anti- inflammatory effects of B.Officinalis extract. Materials and Methods:The 70 healthy male Albino rats used in this experiment study,the first group was designated as the healthy control group and other rats were orally administered sinemet (10mg/kg) and B. Officinalis extracts concentrations of (62.5,125,250 and 500mg/kg) respectively followed by intraperitonially (IP) 2.5 mg/kg of rotenone every other day for 21 days.At day 22, 24 hours following the last dose, behavioral tests were carried out to compare the progression of Parkinsonism and the efficacy of the treatment. Each rat was put on a rotarod for three trials and then left in the open field test for ten minutes.The mid-brain samples from each animal were then taken to analyze the tissue levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),malondialedyhde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC). Results:Rats treated with B. Officinalis concentrations (125,250 and500 mg/kg) significantly increased the rotation distance, time of rotation,number of visits to the center area andnumber of crossing lines of the rats with Parkinsonism. Rats treated withB. Officinalis concentrations of(125,250 and500 mg/kg) exhibits a significant decrease in MDA, IL-1 levels and increase in TAOC. Conclusion:Investigations indicate the anti-Parkinsonlike activity of B. Officinalis,which alleviates the Parkinsonism induced by rotenone (ROT) in male rats through exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Exploring the Empathy-Burnout Connection among Nurses: Working at Teaching Hospitals
Authors:   Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Department /College of Nursing/ University of Kerbala, Iraq, Azeyadi Safi , Ali Zahraa ,   Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Department /College of Nursing/ University of Kerbala, Iraq
Published: August 2024

A descriptive correlation design was used in the present study during the specified time period. From September 26, 2022, to June 14, 2023, there will be an assessment conducted to determine the levels of empathy and burnout and to discover the connection between empathy and burnout. A purposive (non- probability) sample of 180 nurses was recruited in the current study and selected from four teaching hospitals in Kerbala city according to specific criteria. A pilot study is conducted to assess the reliability of the questionnaires, and a panel of 17 experts is utilized to establish the content validity of the questionnaires. The data was gathered by conducting interviews and using two scales: the Jefferson Scale of Empathy Physician/Health Professions (HP version) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data interpretation and analysis were carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version (IBM 22). The results of the study show that nurses exhibit low levels of empathy, low levels of emotional exhaustion, high levels of depersonalization, and high levels of personal accomplishment. The study also found a significant relationship between empathy and all dimensions of burnout. The research suggests that nursing colleges and institutions should include research and courses on stress management in nursing because nursing is unavoidably a stressful profession, these courses may be beneficial for future nurses. Also, efforts should be made to provide training programs and promote a culture of empathy within healthcare organizations, it could lead to better patient outcomes and increased patient satisfaction.
The Prevalence of TNF-α (-308 G/A) SNPs and Their Risks Among Kurdish Infertile Males in Erbil Province
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Education, Scientific Department, University of Salahaddin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq., Al-Naqshbandi Ahmed , Darogha Suhaila ,   Department of Biology, College of Education, Scientific Department, University of Salahaddin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq., Maulood Kalthum ,   Department of Biology, College of Education, Scientific Department, University of Salahaddin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq., Salih Tanya ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: August 2024

Background: The role that cytokines play in the reproductive function is becoming more significant. Polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene might be involved in male infertility. This study attempted to investigate how TNF-α gene polymorphisms affect the quality of infertile males' semen. Methods: In the current study, the ELISA method was used to assess the serum TNF-α level in 40 fertile males and 144 patients who had been diagnosed with infertility. The genotyping of the TNF-α (-308 G/A) (rs1800629) SNPs gene was determined using the T-ARMS-PCR technique. Results: The serum levels of TNF-α in infertile groups increased significantly compared to the fertile ones. There was no association between genotypes in infertile males in comparison with a fertile group. While Occurrence of the GA or AA genotypes in TNF-α (– 308) gene increase risk of male infertility, AA genotype in normozoospermic male {probability (p)= 0.025, relative risk (RR)= 14.88}, in oligozoospermic male, GA and AA genotypes (p= 0.55, RR= 3.86) and (p= 1.00, RR= 1.61), respectively. Conclusions: Gene polymorphisms of TNF-α (-308 G/A) have no impact on male infertility. However, the existence of the A allele in TNF-α (-308 G/A) genotypes may
Molecular docking of sterol derivatives in Tagetes erecta Linn. as an antiatherosclerotic agents through activation of PPARγ and LXRα receptors
Authors: Rahadi I Wayan Surya , Ratnadewi Ni Kadek Ayu Mas , Adrianta Ketut Agus
Published: August 2024

Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by inflammation in the arteries, which is linked with the accumulation of lipids and alterations in metabolism. Considering that atherosclerosis is the main factor causing death in the world, it is necessary to carry out immediate prevention and treatment to reduce the risk of developing clinical severity. The creation of foam cells, which originate from macrophages, is considered a key element in cardiovascular ailments, particularly in the advancement of atherosclerosis. Two types of the nuclear receptors known as Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and liver X receptor α (LXRα), which serve as a primary regulator of cholesterol, intracellular lipid homeostasis and they are instrumental in the process of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Activation of these receptors could potentially decrease foam cell formation, consequently lowering the risk of atherogenesis and reducing cardiovascular disease risk. This research aims to determine sterol derivative compounds in Tagetes erecta Linn. which have the best interaction and potential as anti-atherosclerosis through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and liver X receptor α (LXRα) activation. The analysis of this study is using docking molecular analysis. The parameters observed in this study were docking score, visualization results, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion profile, and toxicity value. The molecular docking outcomes indicate that β-sitosterol and 7β-hydroxysitosterol possess the most favorable binding energy values. They exhibit a positive pharmacokinetic profile, with the exception of gastrointestinal absorption and respiratory toxicity.
Batik Patterns in the South of Thailand
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Songkhla, Thailand, Khwansuwan Worasuda
Published: August 2024

“Batik” or “Pateh” is an important cloth in the south of Thailand. Its unique features such as pattern, colour, and production process make Batik different from other cloth in the other part of Thailand. Traditionally, Batik was originated in Indonesia and India where people used paraffin wax as a dye-resist paint. It was also reported that other Asian countries such as Japan and India made Batik fabric in their country. In Thailand, local people in the south made their clothes from Batik fabric and wore them in daily life or during special social events. They designed pattern and applied wax-resist dyeing by hand or blocks on the fabric to create colourful and creative designs. Batik is a cultural identity of the south of Thailand. The study found that the process of creating pattern and colour for Batik was used a long time ago. In the past, artisans primarily employed wooden moulds for blocks and wax to create patterns. Through the accumulation of knowledge and experience over time,the development of metal blocks makes Batik’s patterns more delicate and vivid. In addition, the research aimed to study about Batik pattern in the southern provinces of Thailand. It can be said that Batik is a uniquely beautiful fabric that should be collected as a national heritage and for the future study of this fabric. The study of Batik patterns in the south revealed that former patterns simply used basic geometric shapes such as lines, squares, and circles. Then, these patterns have been developed by integrating rhythms and spaces to create more distinctive and delicate designs. Moreover, the patterns of Batik in the south were inspired by nature, religious beliefs, and ways of life. Warm tone colours such as red, brown, yellow and cool tone colours such as blue and green were employed. It was also found that the materials used in the past were primarily from plants and nature. Nowadays, artificial colours are also used because they allow vivid and durable effects.
AFGHANISTAN: THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ARMED CONFLICT
Authors:   Economic School, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China, MENG Chang , YOLCHI Jamshid ,   Badakhshan University, Afghanistan, GHAFOORI Noorulhaq ,   Balkh University, Mazar e Sharif, Afghanistan
Published: August 2024

This study examines the economic impact of armed conflict in Afghanistan. During the armed conflict between 1978 and 2021, the country received $88 billion in official development assistance (ODA) and over $136 billion in war-induced USAID funding. We found that the one-year Afghan armed conflict, with an average of 17,661 battle-related deaths, increases the GDP per capita by at least 1.9%. Comparatively, a one-year US-led war relative to a USSR-led war increases the GDP per capita by at least 5.7%; in contrast, a one-year civil war reduces it by 4.1%. In addition, our cost estimation suggests that between 2002 and 2021, at least $40.9 ± 5% billion (45.9%) of the Afghan state budget is spent on war-related and war-affected institutions. This is equal to 1,062% of Afghanistan’s total GDP in 2002 and 280% in 2021. Moreover, this study will be helpful in understanding the implications of the Sustainable Development Goals and achieving specific targets such as Goal 8 (economic growth) and Goal 16 (peace and inclusive societies) in Afghanistan. Keywords. Economic impact, GDP, armed conflict, USSR-led War, US-led War, civil war, Afghanistan.
Understanding the Disaster Unconscious: The Marichjhapi Massacre Depicting Precarious Lives and Vulnerable Ecologies in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide
Authors:   Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Ray Ranit , Sengupta Samrat ,   Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University
Published: August 2024

The paper situates the massacre of Dalit refugees of Marichjhapi Island (1978-79) in West Bengal, India through a multidisciplinary reading of Amitav Ghosh’s novel The Hungry Tide (2004) along with local history, vernacular literature, reports and experiential narratives. The refugees from East Pakistan/Bangladesh who settled on the island of Marichjhapi at Sundarbans (currently one of the most ecologically endangered places on Earth) were forcefully evicted by the government citing ecological issues. Utilizing a framework that incorporates both ecocriticism and postcolonial theory, this paper reads the vulnerable humans and non-humans, especially the island's unique ecosystem and fauna as victims of anthropocentrism and biopolitics, propelled by ecological and political factors acting together. Taking up from Ghosh’s own interventions on ecological thought and the Sundarbans, the paper further delves into the concept of “the disaster unconscious” in postcolonial literature as suggested by Pallavi Rastogi through a close reading of The Hungry Tide. It describes the co-constitution of precarious lives (both human and non-human) and fragile environments during disaster as what Blanchot would call “outside of temporality” marking the ‘necroeconomy’ of the nation-state, as conceptualized by Achille Mbembe.
Two Samples of Queer Ecology in Romanian Contemporary Literature. From Silenced Witness to Redeemer
Authors:   Babes-Bolyai University, Chirteș Denisa Artemisa
Published: August 2024

This paper will analyse the intersection between two components (queer and ecological) by reviewing two texts, both describing themselves as “ecological queer,” therefore, settling a new paradigm in Romanian literature, aiming beyond the aesthetic sphere. The examples are Copiii ecosistemului (The Children of the Ecosystem) by Ilinca Mănescu and the anthology Luminișuri (Glades), published under Cenaclul X. The main stake of the thesis is to identify and detail the similarities between the two ideologies, as a new phenomenon in Romanian literature and anthropology (as these critical lenses have been used before in world literature). A central convergence comes as a result of capitalism and colonialism, expanding the violence in human and non-human forms. To simplify, the queer community and nature are victims of the same system, which explains the constellation between the two. The interdisciplinary conjunction “ecoqueer” stands against heteronormativity and embraces the diversity of nature, and this article will focus on its development in the Romanian literary space, through the two examples, concerning both poetry and prose. Furthermore, this literary form has been exported from the West to the East-Central European periphery, highlighting Romanian literature’s status as a semi-peripheral literature, but on the other hand benefiting from this import and broadening the progressive ideology in the cultural space.
The Institutionalization of Feminism in the Romanian Academic and Intellectual Sphere
Authors:   G. Călinescu Institute of Literary Theory, Moroșan Ioana
Published: August 2024

The present research aims to explore the institutional history of feminist disciplines and the trajectory of their inclusion in the Romanian academic curriculum, as well as in the intellectual space from the late 90’s to the present day. The adoption of feminist theories has been limited by two impediments that have made their curricular inclusion difficult and their circulation in Romania quite sporadic: firstly, the subject has been rejected and boycotted by a moralising conservative public discourse and secondly, their critical disciplinary implication has posed problems of institutional acceptance due to suspicion of leftist bias. The paper aims to analyse the public debates concerning feminism, compared to a form of totalitarianism, in Romania, on the one hand. The second part has in view to define the import channel of feminist studies in Romania, along with the difficulties that hindered the first feminist scholars and activists’ efforts to disseminate the discipline in post-communist countries. The liberal ethos with conservative nuances of the Romanian academic space and the public intellectuals’ anti-communist positions remain responsible for the poor representation of feminism in Romania, as its impiety towards feminist theories has to do with the protectionism of dominant, conservative discourses.
Feminist Digital Humanities and the Harriet Rosenstein Sylvia Plath Archive
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Glăvan Gabriela
Published: August 2024

The paper focuses on reinterpreting the Harriet Rosenstein archive, containing a vast amount of previously unavailable materials concerning Sylvia Plath, as a source of feminist literary recovery. It also investigates the digitization of this archive in the larger context of a digital turn in Plath studies, and a potential connection with feminist digital humanities. The archive contains a vast number of Sylvia Plath-related documents that have been recently opened to the public at Emory University after almost five decades. Rosenstein was a young researcher with feminist critical interests at the time she documented a projected Plath biography, and her work bears the mark of her ideological options and of a distinct intention to reshape the cultural discourse around Plath’s status as a feminist icon. My aim is to investigate the feminist itinerary Rosenstein created in her archive in order to reveal Plath’s essential role as a female writer articulating innovative perspectives on women’s issues, mythologies and fundamental themes.
Examining the professional development of hungarian teachers in Romania
Authors:   University of Szeged, Hégető Katalin , Korom Erzsébet ,   Univesity of Szeged
Published: August 2024

This study presents the partial results of a comprehensive research on the professional development of Hungarian teachers in Romania which were gained through adapting and complementing the questions related to the professional development of the 2018 OECD TALIS (Teaching and Learning International Survey). From 15 counties of Romania, 500 Hungarian primary and secondary school teachers completed the online questionnaire. The forms and topics of professional development were studied on a 5-year research period, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2017–2021). The results show that the most popular forms of professional development were attending training courses, reading professional literature, and visiting online professional social networking sites. Among the topics of professional development activities subject-specific knowledge and the development of competences necessary for the teaching of the subject were dominated. Teachers found those training courses the most efficient that were coherent and provided opportunities for the practical implementation of new ideas, for active learning and cooperation. In only a few cases were found differences between the opinions of primary and secondary school teachers, and between groups according to teaching experience.
A Bridge Over Times – The History and Modernity of Choral Chant in the Orthodox Church of Bessarabia, From Creation to Reception
Authors:   Faculty of Theology, Letters, History and Arts, University of Piteşti, Romania. Email: stelajupiter@yahoo.com., Guţanu Stela
Published: August 2024

This study aims at highlighting the choral chant in the Orthodox church of Bessarabia. Sacred music is a cultural area that covers the fundamental human values able to build and to perfect the complex cultural approach of human life. The spiritual history of Moldavia is definitely marked by an ancient original musical art, incorporated in an infinite gamut of emotions.
Keywords: Sacred music, Bessarabia, Moldova, Bessarabian composers, choral chant
From ‘musique concrète’ and Acousmatic Art to the ‘New Music Theater’. The Austrian Composer Dieter Kaufmann
Authors:   Faculty of Music, Transilvania University, Braşov, Romania. Email: anaszilagyi71@gmail.com., Szilágyi Ana
Published: August 2024

This article follows the way the Austrian composer Dieter Kaufmann has gone with his conceptions taken from musical and extra-musical domains, as literature, visual arts, religion and politics, describing some of his theatrical works. For him the function of music is to improve the society and therefore his works are a critic to politics or to religion. Having studied in Paris by Olivier Messiaen, Pierre Schaeffer, François Bayle and René Leibowitz, he contributed to the development of the electronic music in Austria with his creation and his teaching of electroacoustic composition at the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna. He went further than the Parisian ‘musique concrète’, which worked with sound objects, and consciously selected and worked with objects of sound ambient in order to manage the sound environment, to musically shape it. The acousmatic art deals with sound objects, which are recorded and projected in another space, the theatre scene being an ideal space of it. A large part of his works are included in the genre of New Music Theater of the 20th and 21st century, where sound (tone and word) and movement come together, each of them having the same weight.
Keywords: musique concrète, sound object, acousmatic art, multimedia, electroacoustic composition
Scherzo Op. 31, No. 2 by Frédéric Chopin
Authors:   Faculty of Music, Transilvania University, Braşov, Romania. Email: raluca.fratila@unitbv.ro., Popa Lioara
Published: August 2024

Frédéric Chopin’s contribution to the development of the genre of scherzo is unique. The four independent Scherzos composed by Chopin represent the development and the innovation he brought to the traditional scherzo. Chopin’s Scherzos share very little of the playful character of the classic scherzo, being considered rather dramatic works. Chopin’s different approach to the genre and the names of the genres went along with the stylistic changes of the early 1830s. His approach can be described as renovating, creating a kind of internal order in the permissive world of the pianistic genres of the nineteenth century. Chopin did not choose the genre titles arbitrarily, nor used them without sense. They had thought it was not necessarily conventional, generic meaning. The composer, however, did not ignore the connotative values of the titles. More than that, he has absorbed them and built values based on these titles that he later transformed into new genres. The purpose of this article is to decipher the features of Chopin’s scherzo and his style of composition, through the analysis of Scherzo No. 2 and comparing all the scherzos composed by Chopin, which will lead to a better understanding of his musical language.
Keywords: scherzo, trio, tradition, independent genre.
Max Reger’s Organ Fantasias Based on Chorale Melodies
Authors:   Department of Music, Faculty of Reformed Theology and Music, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: evapeter65@gmail.com., Péter Eva
Published: August 2024

Johann Baptist Joseph Maximilian Reger is best known for his organ compositions. He favored the genres of the Baroque. He treated and developed the genres of chorale prelude, fugue and fantasia in his own individual way. He was inspired by his friend and performer Karl Straube (1873-1950), organist of the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, who provided him with inspiration and ideas for his compositions. The present study focuses on the chorale fantasias pertaining to the composer’s group of works for organ. These compositions by Reger are considered to be seminal works of organ literature. They were composed in a short period between 1898 and 1900. Reger designed the registration of the organ works for the disposition of German late Romantic organs, which are characterized by a faithful imitation of an orchestral sound. Formally, they follow the structure of the Baroque chorale variation and chorale partita. The titles of the chorale fantasias echo the opening lines of the sacred hymns they are based on. The melodies date from the 16th and 17th centuries and belong to the hymn repertoire of German Lutheran congregations. Some of them can also be found in the Hungarian Reformed congregational hymnal.
Keywords: chorale fantasia, baroque genres, Lutheran congregational singing, formal structure, disposition of late Romantic organs.
Tradition and Modernism in the Works of Wilhelm Georg Berger; Sonata for Viola and Cello Op. 18
Authors:   Faculty of Music, Transilvania University, Braşov, Romania. Email: leona.varvatichi@unitbv.ro., Varvarichi Leona
Published: August 2024

This study aims to reveal the blend of the traditional with the modern in the works of Wilhelm Georg Berger, based on the analysis of the Sonata for Viola and Cello Op. 18 composed in 1962. His work covers more than 50 years, a period in which his style transformed so that Berger composes applying principles formulated through the assiduous research of the musical phenomena, being familiar, in detail, with the old as well as the new. In the first part of the analysis, I shall briefly present aspects of his multidisciplinary personality, starting from the cultural background and context in which Berger created. In the second part, I shall analyze the Sonata for Viola and Cello Op. 18, from which I have selected the elements I have considered the most relevant in highlighting the blending between traditional and modern. The aspects are selected through the lens of formal, harmonic, modal, rhythmic, or aesthetic points of view.
Keywords: Wilhelm Georg Berger, traditional, modern, Sonata for Viola and Cello Op. 18
The Gates of Sky by Ede Terényi: Music Analysis
Authors:   Department of Arts, Faculty of Letters and Arts, Partium Christian University, Oradea, Romania. Email: fodorattila@partium.ro., Fodor Attila
Published: August 2024

In our previous paper, we examined the genesis of the choral work, its textual and musical sources, the intellectual and cultural influences that may have played a role in its creation. Starting from this complex ideological background, in this paper we will examine, through a detailed analysis of the score, how the composition’s structure, musical language and techniques bring the text to life, where its message is directed, and what additional conceptual and expressive value they provide. The Gates of Sky is, in a certain reading, a cultural-anthropological journey, partly based on historical references, partly mythical. However, its rich musical language and symbolic meanings only gain significance if they are combined with a suitable and convincing sound dramaturgy. For the author’s basic aim is not merely to evoke a ritual, but to give the performers and the audience the opportunity to experience the metamorphosis it embodies.
Keywords: Ede Terényi, Ernő Lendvai, The Gates of Sky, choir music, ritual, world tree
Ligeti in Cologne
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, Institute of Musicology, University of Köln, Germany. Email: alm20@uni-koeln.de., von Blumröder Christoph
Published: August 2024

György Ligeti’s stay in Cologne from 1957 until 1959 played a decisive role in his life. After more than three decades living under more or less strict political control, finally Ligeti could experience peace and personal freedom. Many talks with Karlheinz Stockhausen, who explained his particular musical ideas and serial composition techniques in detail, and the access to the Electronic Music Studio at the West German Broadcasting Station, where Gottfried Michael Koenig would introduce him to the specific ways of theoretical thinking and the practical methods in the field of electronic composition, opened for him the domain of the New Music. And Ligeti’s own realizations Glissandi and Artikulation marked an important turning point in his musical practice in general.
Keywords: György Ligeti, Glissandi, Aventures, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Gesang der Jünglinge, Gottfried Michael Koenig, Mauricio Kagel, Anagrama, Franco Evangelisti, Incontri di fasce sonori, Herbert Brün, electronic music.
Notes on Le Grand Macabre and the Aesthetics of Camp
Authors:   Institute of Cultural Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland. Email: malgorzata.lisecka@gmail.com., Lisecka Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

The article presents an analysis of the features of Ligeti’s opera Le Grand Macabre, indicating that it belongs to the camp aesthetics. The starting point for the analysis is the features of this aesthetic/sensitivity described by Susan Sonntag in her Notes on Camp. The opera’s libretto, its theatrical and musical layers, as well as Ligeti’s personal life experience as a composer – important for camp – are the subject of the analysis.
Keywords: Camp, opera, Ligeti, Sonntag, postmodernism
The Correspondence Between Ligeti and Adorno in the Light of Discussions on Ligeti’s Position in Modernism – With a Sideways Glance at Le Grand Macabre
Authors:   Hochschule für Musik "Carl Maria von Weber Dresden", Germany. Email: joern_peter.hiekel@mailbox.hfmdd.de., Hiekel Jörn Peter
Published: August 2024

“I am extremely interested in the new upheavals taking place in music - I was completely isolated from all this in Hungary”, Ligeti wrote to Wolfgang Steinecke, then director of the Darmstadt Summer Course for New Music, in spring 1957. In the summer of the same year, he attended his first seminars and lectures at this internationally renowned forum - and just a few years later, he took on the same place an important role as a lecturer and source of inspiration. Despite this and many other clear indications of Ligeti’s central role in new music since 1950, the references to other important European composers of the 20th/21st century are sometimes downplayed in Musicology, to simultaneously emphasize the conservative aspects of some of his statements about music. But does this help us to understand Ligeti’s music? It seems to me that the answer to this question is clearly in the negative.
Keywords: Ligeti, Adorno, modernism, Le grand macabre
György Ligeti: hamburgisches Konzert für Horn und Kammerorchester mit 4 obligaten Naturhörnern. Aspects of a Crystalline Microtonality
Authors:   Hochschule für Musik und Theater, Hamburg, Germany. Email: ms@manfred-stahnke.de., Stahnke Manfred
Published: August 2024

This is a study on the microtonal aspects of György Ligeti’s Hamburgisches Konzert für Horn und Kammerorchester mit 4 obligaten Naturhörnern, with special reference to its relationship with the American composer Harry Partch. The special mixture of equal temperament versus just intonation is analyzed for longer passages and adhoc chords in the concept of Ligeti. The movement “Choral” is confronted with Harry Partch’s idea of “tonality flux”. The “Hamburgisches Konzert für Horn und Kammerorchester mit 4 obligaten Naturhörnern” by György Ligeti, composed in 1998-2002, joins a long chain of exploratory forms of thought in his compositional work long years before he had pondered meloharmonics that would illuminate the great theme of tonality in a novel, personal way. In the Horn Trio (1982), melodies containing natural tones appear for the first time in the movement “Alla Marcia.” Previously, in the same work, Ligeti used the 11th harmonic as a precise quarter tone. Yet in the Horn Trio, these microtonal events are transverse to the other voices of violin and piano. Ligeti spoke of three “autists,” each living in his world of moods/tunings. In the works that followed, microtones take up an ever wider space, up to the Piano Concerto (1985-88) with 5th, 7th or 11th harmonics in trumpet, horn and trombone, and then to the Violin Concerto (1990-92), where two solo satellite strings from the orchestra, violin and viola, are retuned in natural interval relationships. The Viola Solo Sonata (1991-94) contains in the first movement “Hora lungă” a sign world new to Ligeti for natural thirds, natural sevenths and the 11th natural tone. He adopts these signs for the Hamburgisches Konzert, on which we will now focus.
Keywords: Ligeti, microtonality, Hamburgisches Konzert
The Voice of the Upic: Technology and Virtual Agency
Authors:   Reid School of Music, Edinburgh College of Art, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Email: peter.nelson@ed.ac.uk., Nelson Peter
Published: August 2024

I have previously situated the UPIC of Iannis Xenakis, a computer music instrument of legendary intransigence, as set apart from the mainstream of electroacoustic technologies, developing its own “voice” as the utterance of “prophetic” traces: ancient, not modern. Here, I will approach the sound of the UPIC from the perspective of Robert Hatten’s recent theory of “virtual agency.” The sounds of the UPIC confound traditional notions of meaning in music as expressive – in a human sense and reconfigure what Brian Kane calls the “audile techniques” of a “community of listeners.” Yet the works made with this technology remain engaging and meaningful to us as music. In this paper, I will explore the idea of ‘virtual agency’ as extended to non-human agents, as figured by the events and appearances of the natural world, and consider the ways in which Xenakis allows us, as listeners, to engage with these “virtual agents” through their traces, evident in the graphism of the UPIC’s interface.
Keywords: UPIC, Xenakis, virtual agency, Hatten, vitality, energy.
Artistic Practices in the Context of the Evolution from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
Authors:   Modern Art Research Institute of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Email: asmati@ukr.net., Chibalashvili Asmati , Bezuhla Ruslana ,   Modern Art Research Institute of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Email: r.bezuhla@gmail.com., Kharchenko Polina ,   Theory and History of Arts Department, National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Email: phhp57@gmail.com., Severynova Maryna ,   Department of Theory and History of Culture, Ukrainian National Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Kyiv, Ukraine. Email: mseverinchik@gmail.com., Korenyuk Yuriy ,   Department of Graphic Arts, National Technical University of Ukraine, “Igor Sikorsky” Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Ukraine. Email: yu.korenuyk@gmail.com.
Published: August 2024

This article examines the evolution of artists’ interaction with the audience in the context of media culture, linked to the updates of communication mechanisms on the Internet, from the static Web 1.0 to the interactive Web 3.0. The aim of the article is to show the connections between the changes in authorship models and mechanisms of interaction with the audience in artistic practice and the evolutionary development of web technologies. The transformation of contemporary artistic forms is the result of the active influence of digital technologies and the associated collapse of the existing hierarchy between author, performer and audience. The study discusses the strengthening of the interactive component in artistic practices, parallel to the development of Internet technologies from Web 1.0 to the semantic Web 3.0 and analyzes the overlapping of these processes and their mutual influence in the context of post humanist perspectives. It was found that artistic collaborations through collective authorship are a characteristic model of authorship for this phase of Internet development. It was noted that the evolution from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0 opens new possibilities for the creation of multisensory experiences, thanks to the use of VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality) technologies, which are actively used by artists in artistic practices and works, for example in operas or concerts. In addition, the active development and integration of artificial intelligence technologies in artistic practices has been identified. By analyzing musical projects of different genres and forms, the transformative influence of web culture on contemporary artistic practices becomes clear.
Keywords: artistic practices, music, internet, technologies, interactivity, communicative models’ development
Joan Robinson, The Cultural Revolution in China. Penguin Books, 1969. 151 pp.
Authors: P. M.
Published: August 2024

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John T. Mc Alister Jr., Viet Nam: The Origins of Revolution. Alfred A. Knopf, Nueva York, 1969. 377 pp.
Authors: T. C. J.
Published: August 2024

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La prensa guerrillera en las Filipinas, 1941-45
Authors: Lent John A. , Chuaqui Rubén , Chuaqui Carmen
Published: August 2024

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Ambientes acústicos no convencionales y representación musical
Authors: Farina María Andrea
Published: August 2024

En la actualidad existen una gran cantidad de espacios donde se interpreta música. Estos lugares podrían dividirse en dos grandes grupos: las construcciones proyectadas específicamente para hacer música -los auditorios, los teatros de ópera, las salas para música de cámara- y los sitios que son utilizados por los músicos o propuestos por los compositores pero que fueron concebidos inicialmente para otro uso, los que podríamos llamar "ambientes acústicos" -un espacio público abierto o cerrado, una iglesia, un galpón, un estadio, un bar-. Los espacios que conforman estos dos grupos se comportan de manera diferente; sin embargo, en la práctica musical actual se usan casi de manera indistinta. En este trabajo detallaremos el comportamiento acústico de espacios no estándar que se utilizan en la Argentina para representar espectáculos musicales y multimedia o para sitiar instalaciones sonoras.
Experiência sonora na narrativa seriada The Midnight Gospel
Authors: Dravet Florence
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar, com base numa teoria psicoacústica, o tipo de experiência sonora da narrativa The Midnight gospel (2020), abordando-a enquanto elemento que confere profundidade e multidimensionalidade à narrativa. Recorre-se à noção de níveis de realidade e à ideia de sonosfera para analisar o universo sonoro da série, de modo a elucidar o jogo de imersão musical, vocal e eletrônica que põe à prova a atenção da audiência. As conclusões levam a três aspectos importantes do alcance cognitivo, pedagógico e psicológico da série em análise cujo título já prediz que seus autores querem dar uma “boa notícia à meia-noite”. 1) Percebe-se que, se por um lado, a complexidade sonora mergulha o espectador no ambiente narrativo, ela também o convida a um esforço cognitivo de atenção e compreensão que o retira da condição imersiva. 2) Pedagogicamente, medita-se ouvindo música ou pronunciando sons, amplia-se a percepção fruindo variados repertórios musicais; abre-se o corpo à ampliação da consciência e à escuta do daimon. 3) a imersão musical, o retorno à protomúsica e o “efeito sereia” aparecem como estimulantes psíquicos capazes de devolver ânimo e entusiasmo para a própria existência do personagem, mas também, por um processo de identificação, da audiência.
Pengembangan Modul Berbasis Engineering Design Process (EDP) dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMP Pada Pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Yona Ratri Anindhita , Aristya Putra Pramudya Dwi , Rusdianto Rusdianto , Nuha Ulin
Published: August 2024

EDP merupakan pendekatan sistematis untuk mengidentifikasi masalah, mengembangkan solusi dan menciptakan produk, dengan keterampilan berpikir kreatif sebagai elemen penting.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan modul berbasis Engineering Design Process (EDP) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa SMP pada pembelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 3 Singojuruh pada materi Getaran, Gelombang, dan Bunyi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research & Development (R&D) menggunakan model pengembangan Plomp dan Nieveen yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu Preliminary Research, Prototyping Phase, dan Assessment Phase. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara, angket validasi ahli media dan ahli materi, angket respon siswa, dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria sebagai berikut: 1) sangat valid ditinjau dari aspek (kelayakan isi, kebahasaan, penyajian, kemandirian belajar. Berdasarkan hasil validasi dari tiga validator memperoleh persetasi rata-rata sebesar 96%. 2) Praktis, berdasarkan lembar keterlaksanaan yang telah diisi oleh tiga observer selama dilakukan pembelajaran menggunakan produk modul berbasis EDP mendapatkan persentase rata-rata 90,04% dengan kategori sangat praktis. 3) Efektif, berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest yang digunakan untuk mengukur keterampilan berpikir kreatif mendapatkan nilai N-gain 0,65 dengan kategori sedang dan angket respon siswa mendapat perolehan rata-rata sebesar 88% dengan kategori sangat baik. Sehingga modul berbasis EDP layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran karena sudah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa.
Issues related to elderly parents’ life satisfaction
Authors: Chancharoenchai Kanokwan , Saraithong Wuthiya , Chairassamee Nattanicha
Published: August 2024

There are a number of issues that can influence elderly life satisfaction, which can mirror their welfare. This study aims to explore the differences in elderly parents’ life satisfaction across socioeconomic characteristics and investigates how the traits of both children and parents associate with elderly parents’ life satisfaction in Thailand. This study uses individual data obtained from Thailand’s National Statistical Organization covering 2008–2015, 2018 and 2020, with a total sample size of 28,494. To investigate the association between children’s and parents’ characteristics, particularly formal education and parental life satisfaction, this study uses ordered logistic regression for the analysis. Our results show that male parents are more likely to have higher life satisfaction than their female counterparts. Parents who are employed, holding a bachelor’s degree, and living with female children are more satisfied with their life. Statistically, children’s formal education demonstrates its importance for their elderly parents’ life satisfaction. This documents the vital role of schooling in improving parental life satisfaction. Moreover, facing the challenge of entering an aging society, government agencies must take a proactive stance on creating jobs suitable for the elderly or retirees to maintain their sense of independence. The evidence of intergenerational mobility reaffirms the importance of children’s education along with their caring ability, which should be strengthened.
Research on the distribution of educational resources from the perspective of public service equalization in China—Based on government responsibility and fiscal input
Authors: Yang Tao
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the distribution of educational resources from the perspective of public service equalization in China, with a particular focus on government responsibility and fiscal input. Initially, the paper reviews the theoretical foundations and empirical studies concerning the distribution of educational resources, analyzing the role of government in educational equity and the impact of fiscal expenditure. By employing quantitative analysis methods, this study utilizes data on provincial education expenditures over several years to examine the relationship between government fiscal input and the equalization of educational resources. Empirical results indicate that increasing educational fiscal input and optimizing the allocation mechanism significantly enhance the level of equalization in educational resources. Furthermore, through case analyses of several local governments, effective policy recommendations are proposed to promote the fair distribution and optimization of educational resources. Lastly, the paper discusses potential obstacles in policy implementation and suggests corresponding strategies.