bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performing Soccer-Specific Training With Blood Flow Restriction Enhances Physical Capacities in Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Hosseini Kakhak Seyed A. , Kianigul Mojtaba , Haghighi Amir-Hossein , Nooghabi Mehdi Jabbari , Scott Brendan R.
Published: August 2020

Hosseini Kakhak, SA, Kianigul, M, Haghighi, AH, Nooghabi, MJ, and Scott, BR. Performing soccer-specific training with blood flow restriction enhances physical capacities in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1972–1977, 2022—This study investigated the effect of soccer training with blood flow restriction (BFR) on physical performance in youth athletes. Nineteen semiprofessional soccer players were randomly assigned to either normal soccer training (ST; n = 9) or soccer training with BFR (STBFR; n = 10). Both groups performed identical activities during a 6-week preseason training phase, either with or without lower limb BFR. Training included soccer-specific drills, small-sided games, plyometrics, and continuous running. Before and after the intervention, players were assessed for leg extension strength and endurance, countermovement jump performance, 40-yd sprint time, change-of-direction (COD) ability, aerobic endurance, and soccer-specific endurance (while dribbling a ball). Significantly larger improvements were observed in the STBFR compared with the ST group for tests of muscular endurance (74.8 ± 34.1% vs. 4.0 ± 14.6%), COD (8.1 ± 3.7% vs. 2.8 ± 4.7%), and aerobic (54.1 ± 19.6% vs. 24.7 ± 27.2%) and soccer-specific endurance (58.4 ± 19.6% vs. 22.7 ± 10.2%). Main effects for time were observed for maximal strength, jumping, and sprinting performance (p < 0.001) but with no group and time interaction. These findings demonstrate that team sport training with BFR can enhance physical qualities that are related to performance in youth soccer players. This application of BFR may improve the adaptive responses of muscles, without having to dedicate additional training time to muscular qualities.
Load Centralization Does Not Affect the Kinetic and Kinematic Output of Countermovement Jumps
Authors: Tredrea Matthew S. J. , Middleton Kane J. , Bourne Matthew N. , Carey David L. , Scanlan Aaron T. , Dascombe Ben J.
Published: August 2020

Tredrea, MSJ, Middleton, KJ, Bourne, MN, Carey, DL, Scanlan, AT, and Dascombe, BJ. Load centralization does not affect the kinetic and kinematic output of countermovement jumps. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1084–1089, 2022—This study aimed to compare the kinetics, kinematics, and performance of countermovement jumps (CMJs) when completed with 2 different loading conditions (centralized or peripheral) across increasing loads. Seventeen subjects (12 men and 5 women) randomly completed 2 series of CMJs with increasing loads separated by a 30-minute rest period between conditions. Subjects were loaded with either a weighted vest (centralized) or straight barbell (peripheral). A randomized, counterbalanced crossover design was used with incremental loads of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of body mass added to the vest or barbell. Measures of peak force, acceleration, velocity, and power were calculated across each subphase of the CMJs. No significant differences were observed in kinetic or kinematic variables between loading conditions. Within each condition there were significant reductions (p < 0.05) in peak concentric velocity and acceleration, as well as significant increases (p < 0.05) in peak force when the external load increased. Furthermore, braking and propulsive phase duration significantly increased (p < 0.05) and jump height significantly decreased (p < 0.05) as the external load increased. Countermovement jump performance was similar in both central and peripheral loading, whereas increasing load significantly affected jump height, force, velocity, and acceleration variables irrespective of load position. The training stimulus from an external load placed centrally or peripherally is similar regardless of where it is positioned; however, from a practical perspective, a weighted vest may provide a more mobile and safer alternative than a barbell.
A 28-Day Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet Improves Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Professional Firefighters
Authors: Waldman Hunter S. , Smith JohnEric W. , Lamberth John , Fountain Brent J. , Bloomer Richard J. , Butawan Matthew B. , McAllister Matthew J.
Published: August 2020

Waldman, HS, Smith, JW, Lamberth, J, Fountain, BJ, Bloomer, RJ, Butawan, MB, and McAllister, MJ. A 28-day carbohydrate-restricted diet improves markers of cardiovascular disease in professional firefighters. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2785–2792, 2020—This study compared the effects of a 4-week, nonketogenic, carbohydrate-restricted (<25% of calories) diet (CRD) on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in professional firefighters (FF). Subjects (n = 15) reported to the laboratory for 2 sessions (i.e., baseline and post-CRD) where blood was drawn from an antecubital vein after a 10-hour overnight fast. Dependent variables measured at baseline and post-CRD included adiponectin, insulin, human growth hormone, cortisol, C-reactive protein, albumin, lipids, glucose, amylase, creatine kinase, malondialdehyde (MDA), advance oxidation protein products (AOPP), total nitrate + nitrite, and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1. Compared with baseline, the CRD resulted in dramatic improvements to subjects' cardiometabolic profiles, including decreases in AOPP (51.3 ± 27.3 vs. 32.9 ± 7.9 ng·ml−1), MDA (1.6 ± 0.6 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5 µmol·L−1), and triglycerides (84.4 ± 34.4 vs. 64.2 ± 14.4 mg·dl−1), respectively. In addition, the CRD increased total cholesterol (151.5 ± 23.0 vs. 167.7 ± 38.2 mg·dl−1) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (46.3 ± 12.7 vs. 50.6 ± 15.5 mg·dl−1), but no differences were found with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Overall, our results show a 4-week CRD can favorably improve some markers of cardiovascular health in male FF.
Estimation of Undrained Shear Strength of Overconsolidated Clay Using a Maximum Excess Pore Pressure Method Based on Piezocone Penetration Test (CPTU)
Authors: Liu Lulu , Cai Guojun , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Xuepeng , Liu Songyu , Puppala Anand J.
Published: August 2020

Many methods can be used to evaluate the undrained shear strength (su) in unconsolidated or normally consolidated clay. However, among the many methods, few methods can be used to evaluate the su value in overconsolidated clay. In this paper, based on the piezocone penetration test (CPTU), the maximum excess pore pressure method (Δumax) was adopted to estimate the su in overconsolidated clay. In addition, three different test sites (in China) with overconsolidated clays were selected to verify the feasibility of this method. The test results show that the maximum pore pressure cone factor (NΔumax) significantly affected the evaluation of su. Moreover, the NΔumax values (8.10, 8.70, and 8.44) for 3 test sites in Yancheng, Nanjing, and Changzhou were obtained and can provide a valuable reference for evaluating su for in situ tests with overconsolidated clay.
Breast Cancer Diagnosis Based on Feature Extraction Using Dynamic Models of Thermal Imaging and Deep Autoencoder Neural Networks
Authors: Ghayoumi Zadeh Hossein , Fayazi Ali , Binazir Bita , Yargholi Mostafa
Published: August 2020

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Diagnosing breast cancer at its earliest stages increases the chance for treatment. Thermography offers a method to consider screening strategies for this type of cancer. Analysis of breast thermography images is very effective to extract local information that helps to identify abnormalities related to the breast region. In this paper, first, a semiautomatic approach is proposed for separating the breast region according to the different morphological structures of the breast tissue. The stages of breast segmentation are then performed based on the classification of the presented morphologies, which used a series of dynamic images of a patient. In the following, feature extraction is performed based on the proposed model. The eight statistical characteristics are obtained from a series of separated images of a person’s breasts. The autoencoder neural network, which is an unsupervised deep-learning algorithm, is used to classify the thermography images as healthy and unhealthy. To analyze the proposed model, the Database For Mastology Research is used. The number of people surveyed was 196, including 41 cases of cancer and 155 healthy cases. Each person had 10 thermography pictures, and the total number of analyzed images was 1,960. The accuracy and specificity of the proposed method were 94.87 and 96.77 %, respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed model is able to provide a significant response to different morphologies of the breast tissue.
Approach to the Design and Manufacturing of Prosthetic Dental Restorations According to the Rules of Industry 4.0
Authors: Dobrzański Leszek A. , Dobrzański Lech B.
Published: August 2020

The paper contains an extensive, richly illustrated literature study, theoretical studies, and practical work on current development trends of technical support for dental prosthetics. Dentistry 4.0 is the concept closely inspired by the highest stage Industry 4.0 of the industrial revolution. An augmented holistic Industry 4.0 model, which takes into account all other aspects, i.e., materials, processes, and technological machines and their development and informatics service, was developed and presented. The basis for consideration is the analysis of the disease in the human stomatognathic system and the possibility of prosthetic treatment in the event of a partial or total loss of natural dentition. In several centers, independent work on the popularization of individual implants manufactured using information obtained using conical beam computed tomography (CBCT) is carried out. The developed procedure requires one to make a three-dimensional bone base model based on the CBCT tomogram and its connection with the three-dimensional model of the dentition and soft tissues in the oral cavity, prepared on the basis of impression material, and most preferably a three-dimensional scan directly from the mouth. The presented and fully digitized approach is a radical turnaround in both clinical procedures and the method of technical implant preparation using Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) methods and additive manufacturing technologies (AMT), including mainly Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and stereolithography (SLA). The concept of hybrid multilayer biological-engineering composites is much more technologically advanced. The application of the principles of the augmented holistic Industry 4.0 model in modern dental engineering, according to the analysis, indicates a change in the traditional relationship between a dentist and dental engineer. The practical application of the Dentistry 4.0 approach is illustrated by projects regarding the manufacturing of a few dental restorations. The general conclusion indicates that the implementation of the ideas of Dentistry 4.0 following the assumptions of the augmented holistic model Industry 4.0 is inevitable and extremely beneficial.
01100110 01101111 01110010 01100101 01110011 01110100 [forest]
Authors: Svehla Christianson Danielle
Published: August 2020

Visual and numerical abstraction is an everyday affair in ecological research. Technologies capable of collecting and analyzing increasingly finer resolution observations of the environment are becoming common. The resulting new, often visual and digital, forms of representation blur the abstraction and the abstracted. I examine the role of visualization in science practice using a case study of microclimate effects on tree seedlings in a forest with 3D laser scanning and virtual reality technologies. I describe advantages such as continuity across multiple spatial scales, lively interactions, and new perspectives. In addition, I explore potential risks including a false sense of omnipotent control, incomplete representations, singular inscription, and limits to participation. I aim to develop a framework for ecologists to harness the opportunities of new visual technologies in a responsible practice that minimizes their risks.
Levels of endocrine-disrupting chemicals are associated with changes in the peri-pubertal epigenome
Authors: Almstrup Kristian , Frederiksen Hanne , Andersson Anna-Maria , Juul Anders
Published: August 2020

Puberty marks a transition period, which leads to the attainment of adult sexual maturity. Timing of puberty is a strongly heritable trait. However, large genetic association studies can only explain a fraction of the observed variability and striking secular trends suggest that lifestyle and/or environmental factors are important. Using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass-spectrometry, we measured endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs; triclosan, bisphenol A, benzophenone-3, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 11 metabolites from 5 phthalates) in longitudinal urine samples obtained biannually from peri-pubertal children included in the COPENHAGEN puberty cohort. EDC levels were associated with blood DNA methylation profiles from 31 boys and 20 girls measured both pre- and post-pubertally. We found little evidence of single methylation sites that on their own showed association with urinary excretion levels of EDCs obtained either the same-day or measured as the yearly mean of dichotomized EDC levels. In contrast, methylation of several promoter regions was found to be associated with two or more EDCs, overlap with known gene–chemical interactions, and form a core network with genes known to be important for puberty. Furthermore, children with the highest yearly mean of dichotomized urinary phthalate metabolite levels were associated with higher promoter methylation of the thyroid hormone receptor interactor 6 gene (TRIP6), which again was mirrored by lower circulating TRIP6 protein levels. In general, the mean TRIP6 promoter methylation was mirrored by circulating TRIP6 protein levels. Our results provide a potential molecular mode of action of how exposure to environmental chemicals may modify pubertal development.
Type B insulin resistance syndrome associated with connective tissue disease and psoriasis
Authors: Łebkowska Agnieszka , Krentowska Anna , Adamska Agnieszka , Lipińska Danuta , Piasecka Beata , Kowal-Bielecka Otylia , Górska Maria , Semple Robert K , Kowalska Irina
Published: August 2020

Type B insulin resistance syndrome (TBIR) is characterised by the rapid onset of severe insulin resistance due to circulating anti-insulin receptor antibodies (AIRAs). Widespread acanthosis nigricans is normally seen, and co-occurrence with other autoimmune diseases is common. We report a 27-year-old Caucasian man with psoriasis and connective tissue disease who presented with unexplained rapid weight loss, severe acanthosis nigricans, and hyperglycaemia punctuated by fasting hypoglycaemia. Severe insulin resistance was confirmed by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamping, and immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated AIRAs, confirming TBIR. Treatment with corticosteroids, metformin and hydroxychloroquine allowed withdrawal of insulin therapy, with stabilisation of glycaemia and diminished signs of insulin resistance; however, morning fasting hypoglycaemic episodes persisted. Over three years of follow-up, metabolic control remained satisfactory on a regimen of metformin, hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate; however, psoriatic arthritis developed. This case illustrates TBIR as a rare but severe form of acquired insulin resistance and describes an effective multidisciplinary approach to treatment.

Learning points:

We describe an unusual case of type B insulin resistance syndrome (TBIR) in association with mixed connective tissue disease and psoriasis.

Clinical evidence of severe insulin resistance was corroborated by euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp, and anti-insulin receptor autoantibodies were confirmed by immunoprecipitation assay.

Treatment with metformin, hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate ameliorated extreme insulin resistance.
Exploring Potential Proteomic Biomarkers for Prognosis of Infective Endocarditis through Profiled Autoantibodies by an Immunomics Protein Array Technique
Authors: Chen Chang-Hua , Chen Ying-Cheng , Huang Ching-Hui , Wang Shu-Hui , Lin Jen-Shiou , Lo Shou-Chen , Huang Chieh-Chen
Published: August 2020

Though infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening cardiac infection with a high mortality rate, the effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for IE are still lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the potential applicable proteomic biomarkers for IE through the Immunome™ Protein Array system. The system was employed to profile those autoantibodies in IE patients and control subjects. Our results showed that interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A), nucleolar protein 4 (NOL4), tudor and KH domain-containing protein (TDRKH), G antigen 2B/2C (GAGE2), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and X antigen family member 2 (XAGE2) are highly differentially-expressed among IE and non-IE control. Furthermore, bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), drebrin-like protein (DBNL), signal transducing adapter molecule 2 (STAM2), cyclin-dependent kinase 16 (CDK16), BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 4 (BAG4), and nuclear receptor-interacting protein 3 (NRIP3) are differentially-expressed among IE and healthy controls. On the other hand, those previously identified biomarkers for IE, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, procalcitonin, and N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide demonstrated only minor significance. With scientific rationalities for those highly differentially-expressed proteins, they could serve as potential candidates for diagnostic biomarkers of IE for further analysis.
Genome-Wide Duplication of Allotetraploid Brassica napus Produces Novel Characteristics and Extensive Ploidy Variation in Self-Pollinated Progeny
Authors: Yin Liqin , Zhu Zhendong , Luo Xuan , Huang Liangjun , Li Yu , Mason Annaliese S , Yang Jin , Ge Xianhong , Long Yan , Wang Jisheng , Zou Qiong , Tao Lanrong , Kang Zeming , Tang Rong , Wang Maolin , Fu Shaohong
Published: August 2020

Whole genome duplications (WGDs) have played a major role in angiosperm species evolution. Polyploid plants have undergone multiple cycles of ancient WGD events during their evolutionary history. However, little attention has been paid to the additional WGD of the existing allopolyploids. In this study, we explored the influences of additional WGD on the allopolyploid Brassica napus. Compared to tetraploid B. napus, octoploid B. napus (AAAACCCC, 2n = 8x =76) showed significant differences in phenotype, reproductive ability and the ploidy of self-pollinated progeny. Genome duplication also altered a key reproductive organ feature in B. napus, that is, increased the number of pollen apertures. Unlike autopolyploids produced from the diploid Brassica species, the octoploid B. napus produced from allotetraploid B. napus had a relatively stable meiotic process, high pollen viability and moderate fertility under self-pollination conditions, indicating that sub-genomic interactions may be important for the successful establishment of higher-order polyploids. Doubling the genome of B. napus provided us with an opportunity to gain insight into the flexibility of the Brassica genomes. The genome size of self-pollinated progeny of octoploid B. napus varied greatly, and was accompanied by extensive genomic instability, such as aneuploidy, mixed-ploidy and mitotic abnormality. The octoploid B. napus could go through any of genome reduction, equilibrium or expansion in the short-term, thus providing a novel karyotype library for the Brassica genus. Our results reveal the short-term evolutionary consequences of recurrent polyploidization events, and help to deepen our understanding of polyploid plant evolution.
Locating the Sex Determining Region of Linkage Group 12 of Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: Charlesworth Deborah , Bergero Roberta , Graham Chay , Gardner Jim , Yong Lengxob
Published: August 2020

Despite over 100 years of study, the location of the fully sex-linked region of the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) carrying the male-determining locus, and the regions where the XY pair recombine, remain unclear. Previous population genomics studies to determine these regions used small samples from recently bottlenecked captive populations, which increase the false positive rate of associations between individuals’ sexes and SNPs. Using new data from multiple natural populations, we show that a recently proposed candidate for this species’ male-determining gene is probably not completely sex-linked, leaving the maleness factor still unidentified. Variants in the chromosome 12 region carrying the candidate gene sometimes show linkage disequilibrium with the sex-determining factor, but no consistently male-specific variant has yet been found. Our genetic mapping with molecular markers spread across chromosome 12 confirms that this is the guppy XY pair. We describe two families with recombinants between the X and Y chromosomes, which confirm that the male-determining locus is in the region identified by all previous studies, near the terminal pseudo-autosomal region (PAR), which crosses over at a very high rate in males. We correct the PAR marker order, and assign two unplaced scaffolds to the PAR. We also detect a duplication, with one copy in the male-determining region, explaining signals of sex linkage in a more proximal region.
A Novel Mechanism for Activation of Myosin Regulatory Light Chain by Protein Kinase C-Delta in Drosophila
Authors: Vaziri Pooneh , Ryan Danielle , Johnston Christopher A , Cripps Richard M
Published: August 2020

Myosin is an essential motor protein, which in muscle is comprised of two molecules each of myosin heavy-chain (MHC), the essential or alkali myosin light-chain 1 (MLC1), and the regulatory myosin light-chain 2 (MLC2). It has been shown previously that MLC2 phosphorylation at two canonical serine residues is essential for proper flight muscle function in Drosophila; however, MLC2 is also phosphorylated at additional residues for which the mechanism and functional significance is not known. We found that a hypomorphic allele of Pkcδ causes a flightless phenotype; therefore, we hypothesized that PKCδ phosphorylates MLC2. We rescued flight disability by duplication of the wild-type Pkcδ gene. Moreover, MLC2 is hypophosphorylated in Pkcδ mutant flies, but it is phosphorylated in rescued animals. Myosin isolated from Pkcδ mutant flies shows a reduced actin-activated ATPase activity, and MLC2 in these myosin preparations can be phosphorylated directly by recombinant human PKCδ. The flightless phenotype is characterized by a shortened and disorganized sarcomere phenotype that becomes apparent following eclosion. We conclude that MLC2 is a direct target of phosphorylation by PKCδ, and that this modification is necessary for flight muscle maturation and function.
La producción agropecuaria de Antioquia: un índice de los municipios agropecuarios
Authors: Bastidas Marulanda Alexander Darío
Published: August 2020

Se utiliza la técnica de componentes principales y algunas variables obtenidas de los anexos municipales del Censo Nacional Agropecuario de 2014, para construir un índice agropecuario para cada municipio de Antioquia, Colombia. Mediante este índice se obtiene un puntaje que muestra la posición relativa de la actividad agropecuaria de cada uno frente al promedio de Antioquia; a partir del cual, es posible hacer tres categorías de municipios: agropecuarios, agropecuarios empobrecidos y no agropecuarios. Esta clasificación permite concluir que Antioquia tiene pocos municipios agropecuarios y el resultado sirve para orientar programas de agricultura familiar en aquellas regiones de mayor potencial para la agricultura, aunque la posibilidad de consolidar dichos programas es limitada.
Las agencias de calificación y la deuda pública en la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: Seguí Alcaraz Antoni , Nieto Rodrigo Ignacio
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia que han tenido los mayores niveles de endeudamiento público sobre los ratings emitidos por las agencias de calificación para la Comunidad Valenciana. La acumulación de déficits junto con el estallido de la burbuja inmobiliaria terminó por afectar de manera negativa a la contabilidad pública. Asimismo, los recursos transferidos a través del sistema de financiación tampoco ayudaron a revertir la insuficiencia de ingresos para la administración valenciana. Las restricciones presupuestarias fueron reflejadas de inmediato por las agencias de calificación a través de una reducción en sus ratings, generando dificultades para obtener nueva liquidez a través del mercado. Sin embargo, la rápida actuación del Estado posibilitó la apertura de un canal de crédito para que las comunidades cumplieran con sus obligaciones financieras. El resultado de la aplicación del Modelo Econométrico revelará que la deuda pública ha tenido una incidencia negativa sobre las calificaciones. En cierta medida, la mayor acumulación de endeudamiento generado tras la crisis financiera ha provocado una merma en la calidad crediticia de la Comunidad Valenciana.
Ecos eurocéntricos en la historia económica regional latinoamericana. El caso de los estudios históricos del norte de Argentina en tiempos de independencia
Authors: Justiniano María Fernanda , Tejerina María Elina
Published: August 2020

Este artículo es un ejercicio explicativo e interpretativo que pone en diálogo y confronta la historiografía en historia económica escrita sobre Salta, una región del Norte de la República Argentina, con las grandes elaboraciones de la historia latinoamericana y global. Se priorizó en el análisis detenerse en las contribuciones que se ocuparon de los tiempos de fines del mundo virreinal y las primeras décadas independientes. Los actuales avances de las investigaciones parecen haber dado fin a las elaboraciones explicativas atrapadas en la órbita de la producción como clave explicativa de la generación de la riqueza y de la dominación de las clases. Los aportes de la perspectiva global dejan ver que el capital financiero incidió en la formación de las grandes fortunas de fines de la época virreinal y de los tiempos independientes.
Vaca Muerta y las elusivas promesas de desarrollo en Argentina
Authors: Cantamutto Francisco J.
Published: August 2020

Este artículo analiza el rol del sector energético en el modo de desarrollo en la Argentina reciente, mediante un enfoque de economía política. La energía, centrada en la explotación de hidrocarburos, ha oscilado entre ser considerada un bien estratégico y una mercancía básica intercambiable en el mercado mundial. Para estudiar estos cambios, se hace énfasis en la explotación del yacimiento no convencional de Vaca Muerta. Se pudo ver cómo el recurso natural pasó de ser un insumo estratégico para la industrialización a una fuente más de divisas. También se encontraron algunas continuidades entre las que se destacan: el rol activo del Estado, la promoción a través de un marco jurídico ad hoc, el sesgo extractivista de la explotación y el discurso oficial sobre esta oportunidad de inversión que lo propone como un motor del desarrollo —tal como fuera la fértil tierra pampeana a finales del siglo XIX—.
Karl Marx y el análisis del consumo de alimentos
Authors: Torres Pabon Giselle
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del artículo es presentar lo que constituye la contribución de Karl Marx al análisis del consumo de alimentos. El texto se encuentra dividido en cuatro partes: 1) se explica al “ser humano” y su “deber ser” del que habla Marx; 2) se examina al “hombre máquina” o, lo que es lo mismo, al hombre, al ser humano convertido en obrero; 3) se muestran los diferentes aportes del autor a la reflexión del consumo de alimentos; 4) por último se sintetizan las principales ideas de esta investigación. La tesis que se busca defender es que el análisis del consumo de alimentos en los hogares es desarrollado en profundidad en su teoría, porque para Marx la alimentación pasa a ser un tema prioritario en el ser humano que fue convertido en obrero. Marx nos aporta a la reflexión del consumo de alimentos las siguientes categorías analíticas: productos alimentarios, sus características, su calidad, las cantidades, las formas de preparar, el tiempo de consumo, el lugar de consumo, los modos o formas en la mesa, e incluso algunas descripciones de preparaciones. Todo lo anterior permite decir que el autor tuvo una visión compleja y sistémica respecto al consumo de alimentos en los hogares, que podría ayudar a comprender la problemática del consumo de alimentos desde una perspectiva amplia.
¿Por qué tan hostil? Quebrando mitos sobre la economía heterodoxa
Authors: Kvangraven Ingrid , Alves Carolina
Published: August 2020

¿Qué significa economía heterodoxa? ¿Es una etiqueta útil o perjudicial? Al estar fuera de la corriente principal de la disciplina de la Economía, la forma en que nos posicionamos puede ser particularmente importante. Por esta razón, muchos de los que nos rodean rechazan el uso del término “heterodoxo” y desaconsejan su uso. Sin embargo, creemos que la renuencia a usar el término se debe en parte a malentendidos —y, a veces, desacuerdos— sobre lo que significa el término y quizás a los desacuerdos acerca de las estrategias para cambiar la disciplina. En otras palabras, este es un debate importante sobre la identificación y la estrategia. En este blog, deseamos plantear el tema en círculos heterodoxos y de la corriente principal, al desbaratar algunos mitos comunes sobre la economía heterodoxa, en su mayoría derivados de la ortodoxia. Esta es una pequeña parte de un proyecto más grande sobre la definición de la economía heterodoxa.
El sujeto sexual en la niñez y la adolescencia: su estudio a partir de las manifestaciones públicas relacionadas con los Programas de Afectividad y Sexualidad del Ministerio de Educación Pública en Costa Rica
Authors: Brenes Rodríguez Milton Ariel
Published: August 2020

En el marco del cambio cultural que experimenta actualmente Costa Rica, persiste una reproducción de un sujeto sexual en la niñez y la adolescencia funcional al discurso heterosexual y adultocéntrico, reproductor de una serie de asimetrías de poder contra esta población. En este artículo, el análisis de la construcción del sujeto sexual en la niñez y la adolescencia se sitúa en la coyuntura electoral costarricense de 2018, durante las manifestaciones públicas relacionadas con los Programas de Afectividad y Sexualidad del Ministerio de Educación Pública, en Costa Rica.
Percepciones del plan de estudios de la Escuela de Comunicación de la UCR (2012) según sus estudiantes: Disonancias y coherencias con el modelo pedagógico constructivista
Authors: Araya Jiménez Lisbeth , Espinoza Rojas Johan
Published: August 2020

La Escuela de Ciencias de la Comunicación Colectiva (ECCC) de la Universidad de Costa Rica, desde el año 2012, con el cambio de su plan de estudios continuó una serie de transformaciones que toman el constructivismo como fundamento de los procesos de aprendizaje. En estas líneas se delibera sobre las perspectivas epistémicas, críticas, y en menor medida metodológicas, que prevalecen en el plan de estudios 2012, según los criterios de sus estudiantes, a quienes se les consultó mediante un cuestionario en línea. Dicha encuesta se aplicó a inicio de 2015. Se consideró un margen de error del 7,4%, un nivel de confianza del 95% y un nivel de variabilidad máximo del 50%, se definió una muestra estadísticamente representativa de 118 personas siendo la población total de 357 estudiantes. Sus opiniones, criterios y experiencia sistematizados en este artículo, procuran aportar a la reflexión y mejora constante de los métodos aprendizaje en la ECCC. Se considera que indagar en las opiniones del estudiantado, en relación con la formación recibida, es indispensable, y contribuye con algunas claves analíticas generales. Constituye, además, un aporte al área de la Educación, especialmente al evaluar las percepciones que, sobre un plan de estudios novedoso para el tiempo y contexto en el cual se implementó, tienen sus principales destinatarios. Los datos obtenidos son analizados a partir de la Teoría Crítica, la Teoría Crítica en la educación y el Constructivismo. Se concluye que el estudiantado percibe una coherencia de la ECCC con su visión pedagógica constructivista, no obstante, preocupa la demanda de empirismo y una cierta indiferencia/neutralidad respecto de algunas características del plan de estudios, lo que sugiere una contradicción. Se detalla, además, la necesidad de realizar mejoras, especialmente en la conexión existente entre los procesos de aprendizaje, y la relación con los contextos nacionales y latinoamericanos.
Situación actual de la atención a la diversidad en la educación superior de Honduras
Authors: Paz Maldonado Eddy Javier
Published: August 2020

La educación superior en Honduras, presenta un notable avance en los últimos años. Sin embargo, necesita mejores mecanismos de acceso, permanencia y egreso para el estudiantado en condición de vulnerabilidad. Es una prioridad crear políticas nacionales e institucionales de atención a la diversidad, que se originen a través de propuestas de los diferentes colectivos que participan en el sistema educativo. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la situación actual de la atención a la diversidad en la educación superior de Honduras. La propuesta de este trabajo permite dar a conocer el contexto de las personas en situación de discapacidad, pueblos indígenas, afrohondureños y diversidad sexual. La información explorada proviene de la revisión de evidencias bibliográficas. Los resultados permiten exponer que el débil marco normativo en la legislación hondureña es un factor determinante para que existan diversas situaciones de discriminación y exclusión desde el sistema educativo. Por esta razón, el profesorado universitario debe ser consciente de su práctica pedagógica y examinarla constantemente para generar cambios que comiencen desde el tipo de lenguaje utilizado hasta los componentes metodológicos que forman parte del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior.
Concepciones sobre retroalimentación del aprendizaje: Evidencias desde la Evaluación Docente en Chile
Authors: Contreras Pérez Gloria , Zúñiga González Carmen Gloria
Published: August 2020

El siguiente artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada con base en el análisis de dos documentos del portafolio del Sistema de Evaluación del Desempeño Docente en Chile: un procedimiento de evaluación corregido de un estudiante y la respectiva retroalimentación que la persona docente le realizaría a este estudiante en modalidad de diálogo. Su objetivo general consistió en caracterizar el tipo de retroalimentación realizada por quienes enseñan e inferir las concepciones subyacentes. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, consistente en un análisis documental con base en categorías pre-definidas. En total, se analizaron los procedimientos de evaluación y retroalimentaciones que 158 docentes presentaron en su portafolio el año 2012. Los resultados muestran que en el procedimiento de evaluación corregido, la retroalimentación se dirige a explicar o justificar el puntaje y calificación obtenida por el estudiante, sugiriendo una concepción orientada a la corrección. En la modalidad de diálogo, la retroalimentación se dirige, por un lado, al ego del estudiante, alabándolo o felicitándolo sin vinculación a su aprendizaje, lo que implica una concepción de retroalimentación como elogio. Por otro lado, se dirige al trabajo del estudiante y se focaliza en sus errores o ausencias, sugiriendo una concepción de retroalimentación como especificación del aprendizaje no logrado, con escasa presencia de sugerencias para mejorar. Se concluye que la retroalimentación, a partir de la evaluación, dista mucho de ser una herramienta educativa que promueva mejoras permanentes en el aprendizaje estudiantil.
Abordaje educativo de la sexualidad en estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en una institución de educación secundaria costarricense
Authors: Badilla Fallas Laura , Carvajal Pérez Lucía , García Brenes Viodelys , Solís Segura Diana , Ugalde Valverde Tatiana , Zamora Bolaños Katherine , Solórzano Salas Julieta
Published: August 2020

El artículo científico expone los resultados de un trabajo de investigación, al realizar el abordaje educativo con el profesorado del III Ciclo y Ciclo diversificado del Liceo San Miguel, de Desamparados, Costa Rica. Se consideró la necesidad imperiosa de que la población con discapacidad intelectual reciba educación sexual y afectiva como parte de sus derechos humanos. La construcción de la realidad se hizo desde una perspectiva cualitativa y fenomenológica, participaron 10 docentes a conveniencia que han desarrollado la temática entre los años 2012-2017. Como técnicas para la producción de la información se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad y revisión de documentos de planificación y cuadernos. Para este artículo se seleccionaron dos categorías de interés: aspectos curriculares que se consideran en la planificación y el abordaje educativo que realiza el profesorado de los temas. Como principales resultados de la investigación se tiene que el profesorado, selecciona los contenidos a enseñar según su criterio, utiliza diversidad de estrategias educativas y recursos que preparan pero no hacen consulta de la propuesta curricular nacional en el tema. Todas las estrategias educativas se deben ajustar a la diversidad funcional de cada estudiante. Se evidencia el interés y la necesidad de la población estudiantil por recibir educación sexual y afectiva a pesar de la resistencia de la familia y educadores, según la perspectiva del profesorado. La investigación se constituye en un referente para las instancias formadoras de docentes, la principal limitación fue considerar únicamente la mirada fenomenológica del profesorado.
Late Roman pottery from Room III/North at the Visegrád-Gizellamajor fort
Authors: Ottományi Katalin
Published: August 2020

Pottery at the late Roman fort of Visegrád-Gizellamajor contains both forms common in the 4th century as well as new ones, which appear at the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries. On traditional Roman household pottery and glazed vessels new surface ornaments (incised and notched) and new designs (fired yellowish-white, very gritty fabric) appear. Additionally, there are vessels with smoothed and smoothed-in ornaments. Although the excavators distinguished various layers in the fort, pottery from the layers often fit together. What survived to the greatest extent were the materials from the upper destruction debris. Room III of the north wing was a later addition to the fort; hence its pottery can be dated from the Valentinian period until the Hun period.
Constantius heros – Notes on the history of Pannonia in the 5th century
Authors: Kovács Péter
Published: August 2020

In his paper the author deals with a lost late Roman funerary text, Constantius’ epitaph. Based on the manuscript tradition, the epitaph was probably erected in Rome or more rather at Ravenna. Constantius was an important military commander of Western Rome in the 5thcentury and he had an important role in the fifth century history of Roman Pannonia as he fought against the Barbarians, most probably the Huns who settled down in Pannonia. The earlier identifications must be rejected but his person – unfortunately – cannot be identified with Flavius Constantius Felix. On the other hand, the events (fights against the Huns and the sea-going Vandals) mentioned in the funerary epigram fit perfectly into the period at the beginning of Valentinian III’s reign.
Environmental historical analysis of the Sarmatian and Gepids settlement of Rákóczifalva
Authors: Tugya Beáta , Náfrádi Katalin , Gulyás Sándor , Törőcsik Tünde , Pál Sümegi Balázs , Pomázi Péter , Sümegi Pál
Published: August 2020

We present the results of the environmental historical and geoarchaeological analysis of Rákóczifalva-Bagi- földek and Rákóczifalva-Rokkant-földek archeological sites in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County.1 They were discovered in the course of several hectares of archaeological excavations related to the Roman Age and Migration Period, especially the Sarmatian and the Gepids era. A significant number of Gepids sites and finds2 were found in both the investigated areas and the wider area of the site, in the middle reach of the Tisza valley. So the geoarchaeological and environmental historical analysis of the Sarmatian and Late-Sarmatian and Gepids sites in Rákóczifalva can also provide a model for the settling strategy and lifestyle of the Sarmatian and Gepids communities.3 The purpose of our work is to present how geoarchaeological and environmental historical factors impacted local settling and lifestyles in the Gepids communities and Sarmatian-Late Sarmatian communities as well4 during the Roman Age and the Migration Period. In addition, to demonstrate the relationship of the Sarmatian and Gepids communities and their environment in the Rákóczifalva site compared to other Gepids5 and Sarmatian and Late Sarmatian communities in the Great Hungarian Plain.6

Based on the number of objects containing animal bones and the amount of bones found in them, we can reconstruct considerable settling in the Celtic, Sarmatian, Gepids, Avar and Arpadian periods. The number of objects from the Linear Pottery culture (Great Hungarian Plain) and the Bodrogkeresztúr culture is high; however, the number of animal bones is low. On the basis of the bones discovered, we can count on a smaller settlement during the Tiszapolgár culture, the Hunyadihalom group, the Halomíros culture, the Gava culture and during the Scythians period.

In this paper, we present the results of the Sarmatian, Late Sarmatian and the Gepid findings since the largest number of animal bones (except the Avar period) turned up from these periods. Our aim was to compare the animal husbandry, meat consumption and hunting habits of the Oriental origin Sarmatians and the Germanic Gepids communities. Bone artefacts and bone anvils have been found in the archaeological material of both ethnic groups.
Fluorite – A marketable mineral commodity from the central region of medieval Hungary
Authors: Ritoók Ágnes
Published: August 2020

Several types of mineral beads can be found among the 11th–12th-century grave assemblages of the Carpathian Basin. This paper examines the distribution of fluorite beads representing one type in Central and Eastern Europe. The distribution patterns have enabled the identification of the source of the raw material and they also outline the period’s main trade routes
Timothy Fitzgerald and the Revival of Religious Studies
Authors: Goldenberg Naomi
Published: August 2020

The Ideology of Religious Studies is described as foundational for the developing sub-field of "critical religion." Central tenets of Fitzgerald's work are highlighted as challenges to conventional assumptions and oft-repeated bromides that characterize religious studies as a discipline. Fitzgerald's current work that aims beyond "religion" to deconstruct other terms and paradigms of Western thought is gently critiqued - especially in regard to his rejection of politics as a meaningful category. In fact, it is suggested that Fitzgerald enlarges religious studies and shows its relevance to other fields by uncovering political contingencies behind the reification of "religion" and its attendant vocabulary.
Connecting Fitzgerald and Latour for the Sake of Democratic Religious Studies
Authors: Fujda Milan
Published: August 2020

There is a theoretical and methodological toolbox for postcolonial, i.e. truly democratic, religious studies which is available and ready for use. Through it, the discipline can drop the analytical categories of "religion" and "belief " completely from its vocabulary. Timothy Fitzgerald's criticism of the colonising rhetorical structure of "religion" can thus be carried into completion. This was made possible by redesigning a social science methodology within the study of science and technology. Bruno Latour and his colleagues refined it by employing approaches from ethnomethodology and symbolic interactionism. This paper demonstrates how to transplant this symmetrical approach to religious studies. The distinctiveness of the discipline won't be lost if religion remains in the background as a completely vague horizon-idea arranging the range of heterogeneous interests of various scholars in the field together. Its etic (theoretical) use, however, must be strictly prohibited in order to foster the elaboration of precise descriptive language capturing the exact components operating in the ordering processes under scrutiny.
The End of Religious Studies (as we knew it)
Authors: Owen Suzanne
Published: August 2020

Fitzgerald’s The Ideology of Religious Studies was published the year before I started my Master’s degree at the University of Edinburgh and was brought to my attention by James Cox, my supervisor. It led me to question everything I had learned as a Religious Studies undergraduate and sparked my first essay (in 2001), titled “Religious Studies: What is it?” In it, I had seen the problem of “what is it?” as a methodological issue as well as a definitional one and predicted an expansion of Religious Studies along phenomenological lines. Today, while still recognising colleagues’ fears that Fitzgerald’s book undermines the study of religion, I rather see his critique as making the study of religion more important than ever, though not in the way I had described in my 2001 essay. My paper will revisit those early responses to the book (mine and others’), asking if we are indeed seeing the end of Religious Studies (as we knew it), and show how Fitzgerald’s critique has instead opened up and transformed the study of religion, at least in my own research and teaching.
The effects of inulin combined with ogalacto-oligosaccharide on the various properties of synbiotic soy cheese containing Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS 1.0738
Authors: Zhang X. , Li Y. , Yang J. J. , Ma X. Y. , Jia X. D. , Li A. L. , Du P.
Published: August 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility of L. acidophilus KLDS 1.0738 (LA-1.0738) with different prebiotic carbohydrates to develop a synbiotic soft soy cheese. It was observed that the addition of 4% (m/v) prebiotics mixture (galacto-oligosaccharide: inulin = 1:3) to soy cheese significantly improved the growth of LA-1.0738, making it no less than 8.2 log colony-forming unit (CFU)/g during the 28-day storage period, but had limited influence on the viability of S. thermophilus KLDS T1C2 (STT1C2). Meanwhile, because of the presence of prebiotics, soy cheese fermented by LA-1.0738 in co-culture with STT1C2 exhibited higher values of acidity, proteolysis and lipolysis index as well as better texture properties and sensory acceptance. These results suggested that the selected combination of prebiotics could be used as functional ingredients to manufacture soy cheese to maintain the survival of desired LA-1.0738, which contributed to improve the texture and sensory features of soy cheese.