bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the mechanism of action and results of clinical studies on the antifungal drug ibrexafungerp
Authors: Tagirova L. I. , Farvazova K. R. , Valeeva D. R. , Orlova M. D. , Gubaidullin I. A. , Tulyabaeva A. M. , Abdulmanova A. R. , Tryapko R. V. , Shelyginsky D. A. , Khanafieva A. R. , Semenova N. G. , Takiullin E. M.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an extremely common pathology of the female genital organs, leading to a long-term recurrent course and multiple complications. Although currently it is widely known about developing antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens, it is necessary to remember about similar phenomenon observed in other groups of infectious agents. In this regard, fungal infection also requires development of new therapeutic techniques and medicinal antifungal drugs, such as ibrexafungerp.

   Aim: to analyze available publications revealing the mechanism of action, efficacy, antifungal spectrum and results of clinical trials for a new oral antifungal drug ibrexafungerp.

   Materials and Methods. A search for publications in the electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary and ClinicalTrials.gov, published over the last 25 years was conducted using the following keywords in Russian and English: “candidiasis”, “vulvovaginal candidiasis”, “antifungal drugs”, “ibrexafungerp”, “clinical trials”, “mechanism of action”. Articles were assessed according to PRISMA guidelines. The titles and abstracts of identified publications were independently reviewed to retrieve relevant full text studies. After the selection procedure, 46 articles were included in the review.

   Results. This review provides information on the creation of the drug ibrexafungerp, its mechanism of action, the activity against a relatively wide range of pathogens, as well as the results from 13 ongoing and completed clinical trials in patients with fungal infection.

   Conclusion. The analysis of ibrexafungerp-related clinical studies showed its good oral bioavailability, high antifungal efficacy, so that its one-day dosage may further eliminate a need for unnecessarily long hospitalization and complex dosing schedules, thereby increasing adherence to therapy and odds for treatment success.
Uma proposta interdisciplinar para o ensino das fases da Lua e eclipses
Authors: Armiliato de Campos Rejane Perotoni , Donazzolo Esther Regina , Giovannini Odilon
Published: April 2024

O firmamento sempre tem estimulado a curiosidade e provocado diversos questionamentos nas pessoas acerca daorigem do Universo e para onde estamos indo nessa nave cósmica. A observação direta dos astros, como a Lua, o Sol, osplanetas e eventuais fenômenos efêmeros ou por meio da visualização de imagens surpreendentes de nebulosas, aglomerados egaláxias, a descobertas de planetas fora do sistema solar, da busca por vida em planetas semelhantes à Terra, entre outrosassuntos, despertam a atenção e interesse dos educandos pela Astronomia. Diante disso e por ser uma ciência de naturezainterdisciplinar, o ensino de Astronomia possibilita desenvolver ações educativas envolvendo diversas disciplinas do currículoescolar. Nesta perspectiva, este artigo apresenta uma ação interdisciplinar escolar cujo tema gerador é a compreensão daformação as fases da Lua e eclipses, envolvendo as disciplinas de Ciências e História, para uma turma do oitavo ano do EnsinoFundamental. A ação interdisciplinar é implementada por meio de uma unidade didática integrada com cinco encontros nosquais são propostas atividades articuladas entre as disciplinas, envolvendo vídeos, questionamentos, manipulação de modelosdidáticos, elaboração de argumentos e debates, proporcionado aos educandos o entendimento do tema gerador e, ao mesmotempo, percebendo a natureza multidisciplinar da Astronomia. Dessa forma, o ensino de Astronomia no Ensino Fundamentalpode ser uma estratégia pedagógica que proporciona aos educandos a possibilidade de perceberem que os saberes disciplinaressão complementares e necessários para a compreensão da natureza.
História da matemática como estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem de frações
Authors: Ariotti Elisa , Zanol Sauer Laurete
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo apresenta a história da matemática como possível estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem, a qual é muitas vezes ignorada, talvez por esquecimento ou por dificuldade de utilização. Contudo, tal prática pode favorecer memórias de longa duração com relação aos conteúdos ministrados em aula, proporcionando uma aprendizagem duradoura, além de desenvolver o senso crítico e investigativo do aluno, o qual acaba sanando algumas dificuldades em conceitos de matemática, através do conhecimento da respectiva história. Assim sendo, planejou-se uma situação de aprendizagem, com a intenção de evidenciar a contribuição da história da matemática para um ensino mais dinâmico, trazendo histórias e curiosidades para alunos do ensino fundamental. É apresentada, de forma breve, sua importância no ensino da matemática, estimulando os alunos a buscarem novas informações e curiosidades sobre diversos conteúdos. Como principais resultados espera-se que essa estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem, contando com a participação ativa dos alunos, contribua para a aprendizagem de frações, evidenciando a contribuição da história da matemática.
Uma proposta para o ensino da soma dos ângulos internos de um triângulo utilizando o Geogebra
Authors: Rizzi Cristiane Ferrari , Sauer Laurete Zanol
Published: April 2024

Este artigo descreve o planejamento de uma situação de aprendizagem visando promover o ensino de matemática mediado por ferramentas tecnológicas, mais especificamente de geometria dinâmica através do software Geogebra. A proposta didática voltada ao oitavao ano do Ensino Fundamental tem como aporte teórico o construcionismo de Papert e a autonomia preconizada por Freire. Para a aplicação da proposta são previstas 4 horas, divididas em dois encontros, no laboratório de informática da escola. Ao final da aplicação da sequência didática espera-se que o estudante compreenda o teorema da soma dos ângulos internos de um triângulo qualquer bem como seja protagonista do seu processo de aprendizagem, no qual o construcionismo permeia a aplicação do planejamento da aula.
Promovendo a interdisciplinaridade por meio da estratégia Jigsaw no ensino da Lei de Stevin
Authors: Souza Diego Corrêa Peres de , Correa Luís Henrique , Martins José Arthur
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo apresenta-se uma proposta didática para o ensino de Física em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar. A ação pedagógica está fundamentada na abordagem denominada momento interdisciplinar e visa evidenciar a relação entre altas altitudes com regiões de baixa pressão atmosférica de modo a demonstrar que gases em baixa pressão ficam menos concentrados e por esse motivo existe uma maior dificuldade para se respirar em lugares de altas altitudes, como, por exemplo, na cordilheira dos Andes. Por meio dos momentos interdisciplinares busca-se valorizar o diálogo entre as matérias escolares ao promover a integração das disciplinas em apenas uma disciplina, sem necessariamente envolver a participação de outros professores. Com auxílio da estratégia de aprendizagem ativa Jigsaw será propõe-se um plano de aula que visa abordar uma característica cultural, a mastigação de folhas de coca, por meio de justificativas físicas, biológicas e geográficas.
Human capital spillovers and plant productivity in ASEAN: Evidence from the plant panel data
Authors: Rindimajangga Muhammad Arditya
Published: April 2024

This paper examines whether local human capital spillovers can affect plant productivity in three Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries using panel data from the World Bank enterprise survey between 2009 and 2015. According to the literature, spillovers in the form of human capital are critical for economic growth. The spillovers exist if plants can produce more in the region with the abundant number of skilled workers given their inputs. This study uses the augmented Cobb-Douglas production function to evaluate the influence of the non-production worker proportion outside the plant which serves as a proxy for skilled workers. The findings indicate that plant production is impacted by spillovers of human capital. This study finds that a 1 percentage point increase in the proportion of nonproduction workers within a region will enhance the productivity of plants in all regions by roughly 7.1–8.9 percent. Moreover, productivity rises are found to be higher for low-tech plants. According to the economic significance of these spillover effects, the value-added per plant will rise by US$ 330,000 or US$ 866.75 million for the manufacturing sector as a whole. According to the findings, policymakers should encourage plants to provide workers with additional training and raise the level of human capital through education.
Nutritional evaluation and GC–MS analysis of bioactive compounds present in methanol extracts of dried fruit pericarp of garcinia pedunculata Roxb
Authors: Brahma Jonali , Islary Anuck , Ray Subhajit
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to assess the nutritional and phytochemical properties of methanol extracts derived from the dried fruit pericarp of Garcinia pedunculata. Samples of the plant were obtained from the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR), Assam, India due to the lack of study findings on Garcinia pedunculata from this region in the existing literature. Nutritional evaluation has revealed that Garcinia pedunculata is a notable source of various nutrients  including fibre (15.67 ± 0.05 g/100g), protein (3.97 ± 0.06 g/100g), carbohydrates (80.10 ± 2.48 g/100g)  and ascorbic acid (98.16 ± 4.46 mg/100g). Furthermore, the results of the gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) of the methanol extract revealed a diverse range of chemical compounds with both high and low molecular weight. GC-MS analysis showed bioactive compounds like cyclopentanecarboxylicacid, 2-oxo-, ethyl ester with a peak area of 23.60%followed by 1,3- dioxepane, 2-pentadecyl- with a peak area of 22.39%followed by N-[Carboxymethyl ]maleamic acid with a  peak area of 10.37%and  butanedioic acid,3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl, dimethyl ester, (R) with a peak area of 10.91%. The extracts exhibit significant amount of various naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Therefore, the existence of potential bioactive compounds and nutritional constituents can be suitably exploited for future studies.
Species Composition and Spatial Distribution of Medically Important Scorpions in the Northern Part of Kerman Province, Iran
Authors: Gorouhi Mohammad Amin , Izadian Arman , Bavani Mulood Mohammadi , Sanei-Dehkordi Alireza , Habibi Amir Mohammad , Gidiglo Godwin Nutifafa , Afshar Abbas Aghaei , Madjdzadeh Seyed Massoud , Yousefi Saideh , Shirani-Bidabadi Leila , Abadi Yaser Salim , Barahoei Hossein , Alizadeh Ismaeil
Published: April 2024

Background: Kerman Province is one of the endemic foci of scorpionism in southeastern Iran. Totally 17 species are reported for Kerman Province fauna. The current study seeks to determine the fauna of medically important scorpions in northern parts of this province.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to March 2021. The specimens were captured from different areas, by rock-rolling during day and using Ultraviolet light at night. The specimens were pre­served in ethanol (80%) and then identified using reliable identification keys for scorpions.
Results: Totally, 499 specimens were captured from eight cities in northern Kerman. In total, 11 species belonging to three families were identified. Buthacus sp. is reported for the first time from Kerman Province. Buthacus sp., Hotten­totta cf. juliae, and Hottentotta cf. schach, were the lowest in frequency of occurrence, against Mesobuthus navidpouri as the highest frequency.
Conclusion: The results of this study are useful for the preparation of regional or monovalent antivenom for the Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute. Additionally, the obtained data are useful for the effective planning of scorpion control programs in the northern parts of Kerman Province, Iran.
In Vitro Assessment of the Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Viability Effects of Salivary Gland Extracts from Hyalomma ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Tavassoli Maryam , Kadivar Mehdi , Akhavan Amir Ahmad , Abdigoudarzi Mohammad , Moridnia Abbas , Chaibakhsh Samira , Beikmohammadi Mojtaba , Sedaghat Mohammad Mehdi
Published: April 2024

Background: The saliva and salivary glands of ticks possess a wide range of immuno-pharmacologically active mole­cules that effectively modulate the activity of enzymes, antibodies, and amines that have a role in different biological processes. Derived components from saliva and salivary glands of hard ticks Ixodidae have been characterized as poten­tial natural sources for discovering promising anti-cancer drug candidates.
Methods: The anti-cancer activity of salivary gland extracts (SGEs) from Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma drome­darii, Hyalomma marginatum, and Hyalomma schulzei was assessed. MTT assays and flow cytometry were done on the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line to evaluate the anti-viability and proliferative inhibition.
Results: Based on the MTT assay results, the SGEs from Hy. dromedarii had the highest and lowest substantial anti-viability effects on the HT-29 cancer cell and human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) normal cell, respectively. The cytometric assessment revealed a significant increase in the apoptosis and necrosis ratio of the HT-29 cancer cells after treatment with Hy. dromedarii SGEs.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that Hy. dromedarii SGEs have significant anti-proliferative, anti-viability, and apoptotic potential. The result of this study suggests that Hy. dromedarii SGEs is an appropriate candidate for further investigations to identify and purify the mechanisms and molecules involved in the anti-cancer activity of the SGEs.
Testing the Sensitivity of the Tropical Bed Bug Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to Deltamethrin, Phoxim and Propetamphos in Eastern Iran
Authors: Babagolzadeh Mahdi , Nasrabadi Nadia Tayefi , Moghaddas Elham , Moshaverinia Ali , Yousefi Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2024

Background: Bedbugs are nocturnal ectoparasites that have made a comeback after 20 years and have become one of the main challenges for pest control methods worldwide. Monitoring chemical pesticide resistance is crucial for identi­fying the best bed bugs management strategies to effectively manage arthropods. This study aims to assess the suscepti­bility of Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) collected from different parts of Khorasan-Razavi Province, (north­east of Iran) to deltamethrin (pyrethroid), phoxim (organothiophosphate) and propetamphos (phosphoramidate).
Methods: This study was conducted from Dec 2020 to May 2021. The efficacy of three insecticides (deltamethrin, phoxim, and propetamphos) on adult C.hemipterus was assessed using a bioassay method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO),. Concentrations of deltamethrin used were 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1280, and 2560 ppm, while concentrations of phoxim and propetamphos were 10, 40, 160, and 320 ppm. The bed bugs were continu­ously exposed to the insecticide for 24 hours, and mortality was assessed at regular intervals during the observation pe­riod. The concentration-response data were subjected to POLO-PC software and data were analyzed by the one-way and two-way ANOVA procedures.
Results: The lethal concentration fifty values of deltamethrin, phoxim and propetamphos on the examined bed bugs were 0.551, 0.148 and 0.237 ppm, respectively. Insecticide effects of phoxim were significantly higher (P≤ 0.05) com­pared to each of either deltamethrin and propetamphos agents.
Conclusions: The insecticide effects of phoxim against bed bugs were significantly higher compared to each of either deltamethrin or propetamphosinsecticides.
Nutritional Analysis and Economic Viability of Fried Ube Noodles: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Español Joshua B. , Español Jade Diane A. , Vera John Paul De , Tariga Jonathan N. , Tacadena Marie Ann
Published: April 2024

Purpose of the Study: Ube has a significant production volume in Quirino Province, but it faces challenges in generating high profits due to limited post-harvest activities and low awareness of its nutritional composition. To address these issues, this comprehensive evaluation aims to examine the nutritional value, financial viability, and profitability of fried ube noodles.
Methodology: Ube-based products' nutritional value is analyzed using the IPO model and various methods such as the Biuret Method and Moisture Analyzer. The study also evaluates manufacturing costs and profitability using gross profit margin (GPM), net profit margin (NPM); and return on investment (RoI).
Main Findings: The analysis demonstrates that the product is profitable, with a GPM of 54.35%, NPM of 19.43%, and ROI of 24.11%. The 6 Ps study suggests various strategies, including awareness campaigns, involvement of health professionals, product diversification, collaborations with local farmers, research publication, patent opportunities, and lobbying for industry policies.
Implications: These strategies leverage the nutritional value of fried ube noodles to increase market visibility and support sustainable growth across People, Services, Products, Places & Partnerships, Publication, Patents, and Policy. The study provides fried ube noodle operators with comprehensive information for decision-making and strategic planning.
A situational analysis of the day-old chicks value chain in Oyo State, Nigeria: Agenda setting for policy reform
Authors:   Innovation Lab for Policy Leadership in Agriculture, Adekoya AE , Fadairo OS ,   University of Ibadan, Adeleke OA ,   University of Ibadan, Ogunbayo I ,   Innovation Lab for Policy Leadership in Agriculture, Oyelami BO ,   Innovation Lab for Policy Leadership in Agriculture, Enya E ,   Innovation Lab for Policy Leadership in Agriculture
Published: April 2024

Attempts to ensure safety and quality control in the Day-Old Chicks (DOCs) value chain in Nigeria have been perceived to involve some duplicity/multiplicity of roles and/ or responsibilities, putting undue burden on the actors. Therefore, experts’ workshop on the DOCs value chain in Oyo State was implemented by the Innovation Lab for Policy Leadership in Agriculture and Food Security (PiLAF) to provide a guide for agenda setting for building a better industry. The workshop had the dual purpose of (i) undertaking a situational analysis of the DOCs value chain in Oyo State, Nigeria, and (ii) strengthening the policy process to effectively respond to the needs of the DOCs value chain in the state through clearly defined, unambiguous regulations and regulatory processes. Twenty-four experts comprising major actors along the DOCs value chain in Oyo State participated in the workshop. Using brainstorming and consensus building process, participants identified infrastructure and markets (strengths), weak regulatory control and high operating cost (weaknesses); supply gap, and good return on investment (opportunities); including adulteration and sharp practices (threats) as the most important Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) factors influencing or capable of affecting the DOCs industry in the state. The DOCs value chain operators identified National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS) followed by the Veterinary Council of Nigeria as the most visible operators in the DOCs value chain. However, the operators perceived the activities of the regulatory bodies as more geared toward revenue generation than actually enforcing compliance to standard practices in the industry. The value chain actors affirm there are overlaps in some aspects of policy guidelines for the DOCs value chain by the Veterinary Council of Nigeria and NIAS leading to what may be described as double taxation to the disadvantage of the actors. Specifically, registration and licensing, prohibition, and import and export domains are some of the aspects of the policy documents that need some minor modifications for clarity and separation of roles. Key words: Policy, Value chain, Animal Scientist, Chicks, Safety, Poultry industry, Public health, Regulation
Agricultural extension debatable issues
Authors:   Agricultural Extension Consultant, Mutimba J
Published: April 2024

Extension, and extension workers in particular, drive the agricultural modernization process and the rest of those in associated professions and positions are ‘support staff.’ Whether you are a lecturer, a professor, a dean, a researcher, an extension director or a head of a non-government organization, if your mission is to develop smallholder agriculture at farmer level, you are supporting the field extension worker to achieve your/farmers’ goals. To this extent, it is no surprise that, when no perceptible improvement takes place at the farmer level, the blame lies squarely on the shoulders of extension. Despite its importance, agricultural extension is the most misunderstood of all agricultural disciplines, and the lack of understanding reveals itself in several ways. This paper discusses some of the misconceptions and debatable issues that affect the way extension is supported, the way it is structured, the way it is staffed and the way extension workers are trained and capacitated. The misconceptions also affect the kinds and levels of expectations people have of extension. The misconceptions include: unending definitions of extension, expanding extension concepts, blaming extension for perceived failures in agriculture, undermining the extension discipline, inadequacies in extension teaching and training, markets and the role of extension and structural changes in extension. The origins of some of these debatable issues can be traced to development partners who come with their conceptions of what is needed while others come from development theorists who have not done any extension work in the field. Unfortunately, there are no strong extension professional associations in many African countries that could: raise the profile of extension as a discipline, interrogate some of the agricultural development interventions before implementation and help clear some of the misconceptions. In the absence of extension platforms, extensionists operate as individuals, each struggling the best way they know how to make a difference at the farmer level. There is no way of harnessing the experiences the individuals are going through for purposes of learning, sharing and developing common positions. The purpose of this paper is to promote debate on, and scrutiny of these extension issues which are often presented as facts and absolute truths. Key words: Extension issues, debatable, agricultural discipline, misconceptions, professionals, smallholder farmers
Enhancing agricultural cooperatives' resilience to food insecurity through cash injection: a case of the Kita circle in Mali
Authors:   University of Liege, Mumararungu I , Ca- Madeberi Ya -Bititi G ,   University of Rwanda, Bisetsa E ,   University of Liege, Burny P ,   University of Liege
Published: April 2024

This study assessed the impact of emergency cash injections within Project Kita III during the challenging agricultural period of 2021 in the Kita Circle. Targeting vulnerable households and agricultural cooperatives, this study investigated the multifaceted dimensions influenced by these injections, ranging from distribution processes to the overall resilience and community engagement of beneficiaries. To conduct this research, a sample of 157 beneficiaries were chosen, with a predominant representation of women at 75.80%. The study employed a dual-pronged approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative insights gleaned from 10 focus group discussions. The findings of this study unveiled a significant positive impact on mitigating the repercussions of the poor harvest experienced in 2021. Notably, the emergency cash injections played a pivotal role in attenuating reduced crop yields and addressing food insecurity prevalent among the beneficiaries. By extending the duration of available food stocks within households, these injections effectively reduced the dependence on harmful survival strategies that were previously employed due to scarcity. Moreover, cash injections contributed to the amplification of community engagement within agricultural cooperatives. This enhancement in participation indicated a positive shift in the involvement of beneficiaries in cooperative organizations, fostering a sense of ownership and commitment to agro-ecological practices. While the assistance was acknowledged as relevant and beneficial, concerns regarding its adequacy were prevalent among the beneficiaries. Many expressed a desire for larger amounts of cash assistance, implying a potential gap between the actual received aid and the perceived need, emphasizing the continued vulnerability and need for further support. The study underscores the critical necessity of addressing the root causes of agricultural underperformance to ensure sustainable, long-term food security within these communities. It emphasizes that while emergency cash injections proved instrumental in addressing immediate challenges, they must be complemented with strategies that tackle the underlying issues affecting agricultural productivity. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential for these injections to strengthen the sustainability of Project Kita III by bolstering cooperative organizations, promoting ecologically sound agricultural practices, and fostering enduring community engagement. However, it identifies a need to mobilize internal resources within these cooperatives to ensure sustained success beyond the scope of external aid. Key words: Agriculture Cooperatives, Food insecurity, Resilience, Cash injection, Kita
Effectiveness of agricultural extension models in food crop production in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors:   University of Calabar, Effiong JB , Aboh CL ,   University of Calabar
Published: April 2024

This study assessed the effectiveness of agricultural extension models in food crop production in Cross River State. Specifically, the study described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identified the level of extension model activities in crop production and analyzed the effectiveness of agricultural extension models in the study area. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used in selecting respondents for the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, mean scores, percentages and standard deviation were used for the study. The result showed that the respondents had a mean age of x ̅ = 5. Majority (77.00%) of the respondents were married. Furthermore, the result of the socio economic characteristics of the respondents also showed that a negligible proportion (17.20%) of the respondents had no formal education. About 16.10% had primary level of education. A fair proportion (45.00%) had secondary level of education. Also, about 21.70% of the respondents had tertiary level of education. These implied that the respondents were educated. Educational attainment would make the farmers more responsible and responsive to agricultural extension models, programs and policies. The result also indicated that 79.50% of the respondents were farmers. These implied that farming was the major means of livelihood in the area. The result of distribution of respondents based on extension models available in the area showed that “training and visit” extension model was ranked first with standard deviation of 1.65; this means that the “training and visit” model of extension had a high level of acceptability in ensuring food crop production. Contact farmer model was ranked 2nd, with standard deviation of 1.28. This means that farmers had contact with fellow farmers faster than extension officers. In the same vein, video-based extension model was ranked 8th with standard deviation of 0.64. The result of the effectiveness of extension model revealed that mean (x ̅) of 3.58, 3.35, 3.49, 3.20 affirmed that agricultural extension models populated by extension officers are effective in food crop production in the study area. Similarly, individual persons oriented model such as mass media model with mean of x ̅ = 3.21 was very effective in food crop production. These results implied that agricultural extension models were effective in food crop production. The study concluded that the agricultural extension models are very effective and positively related to food crop production. Key words: Agriculture, Cross River, Effectiveness, Extension models, Food crop, Production
The certified sweet potato seed system evolution process: A case of Omoro and Mpigi districts in Uganda
Authors:   Makerere University, Musoke C , Kyazze FB ,   Makerere University, Kibwika P ,   Makerere University, Kyamanywa S ,   Makerere University, Mukasa SB ,   Makerere University
Published: April 2024

Opportunities for Ugandan farmers to undertake the production of sweet potato have resulted in certified sweet potato seed (CSS) innovations being pursued in recent times. The CSS and farmer-saved vine sources co-exist with the latter still predominant despite the formers’ on-farm superior performance as regards yields, disease reduction and promotions. Information on the evolution process is missing, leading to ambiguous interpretations of its impact on uptake. This study described the evolution stages, emerging delivery structure and actor interactions during the CSS development process in Uganda. A case study design was employed, and data were collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs), and anchored into actor-network theory (ANT) to generate actor actions and interrelationships. Transcripts were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach by Braun and Clarke. Network analysis was done using UCINET6 V6.759 and a Network visualizer (Net Draw 2.179). Results depicted a six-stage evolution process with most actors having multiple roles, business actors involved at utilization stage only and each stage being triggered by an event. During the process, an integrated CSS system emerged with only 35.6% of the potential direct links between actors being present. The major central actors that had closer interactions with farmers and seed growers were largely public sector, with private sector coming in late. Actors were location-specific with those of Mpigi being many, more interactive (average degree of 7.8) compared to Omoro (average degree of 4.5), and high average path lengths (1.7) implying actors are remotely connected with farmers and vine multipliers being most influential. It is envisaged that the involvement of business actors in product innovation stages and imparting entrepreneurial skills to key farmer groups and vine multipliers will spur the CSS system. Future research into CSS systems should focus on building business ecosystems. Key words: Certified sweet potato seed, Evolution process, Delivery structure, Actor interactions
Perspective: The soil-sphere, save it or lose it
Authors:   Duke University, Cohen Joel
Published: April 2024

Being first and foremost a plant geneticist specializing in maize, I must admit that when it came to the soil, my most immediate responsibility was to make sure pre-planting amendments were incorporated as recommended. Once those seedlings were up, my focus was almost exclusively on the green plants. But more recently, I taught The Living Soil, a course held at The Woodend Sanctuary and Mansion, owned and operated by the Audubon Naturalist Society of the Central Atlantic States. It was while teaching that I came to see soil more distinctly, as a natural resource with its own taxonomy and individual qualities. It brought back days spent studying soil science and revisiting the relationships among the twelve soil orders as pictured in Dr. Nyle Brady’s textbook [1]. As I considered the time needed to renew these soils and the paucity of highly arable soils globally, I began to see this resource quite differently.
Advancing agriculture extension models in Africa: bridging the gap for effective delivery of technologies and innovations
Authors:   Sasakawa Africa Association, Oluoch M , Kitanaka M ,   Sasakawa Africa Association
Published: April 2024

Agriculture in Africa is undergoing transformative shifts, driven by the need for sustainable food production, increased productivity, and resilience to challenges such as climate change. This paper explores the current state of agriculture extension models in Africa and their role in delivering technologies and innovations to target beneficiaries and other stakeholders in agricultural innovation systems. We delve into key challenges, promising approaches, and recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of extension services in the dynamic agricultural landscapes of Africa. The paper showcases innovative extension models by Sasakawa Africa Association that have made a significant impact. These include Farmer Learning Platforms (FLPs) model, Private and Extension Service Provision (PESP), The Agro-Processing Enterprise Center (APEC) Model, Community-Based Seed Multiplication (CBSM) model, private and extension service provision Model (PESP), and the community savings for investment in Agribusiness (CSIA) model. The Sasakawa Africa Fund for Education (SAFE) Demand Driven Curriculum (SDDC) model is also highlighted. These examples highlight the importance of context-specific approaches and the role of extension in empowering farmers to embrace sustainable and resilient agricultural practices. By addressing key challenges and leveraging opportunities, this paper aims to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture in Africa. Key words: Agriculture extension models, Technology Adoption, participatory approaches, Innovation, Sustainable Development
The influence of the content of phosphates in water on the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves.
Authors: Wesołowski Paweł , Neugebauer Maciej
Published: April 2024

The phosphate content of a test sample is one of the indicators of the trophic status of the test water. In this work, an attempt was made to use a non-destructive ultrasonic technique to determine this parameter. For this purpose, a specially prepared measuring station was used, on which distilled water samples with different phosphate contents were tested. Specially prepared samples contained 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg/m3 of phosphates. In addition, tests were carried out on the effect of sample temperature on the values of the characteristic parameter of the wave, in the range from 12 to 30 oC. All tests were carried out using two ultrasonic heads with a wave frequency of 2 MHz. The ultrasonic wave parameter analysed in the study was the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave. The results obtained indicate that the ultrasonic method is useful for non-destructive evaluation of phosphate content in the sample. Additionally, they show a large influence of the sample temperature on the results read.
TERAPI PSIKOPROBLEM MELALUI SHALAT DALAM MENJAWAB PERMASALAHAN MASYARAKAT MODERN
Authors: Rahman Etty setiawati
Published: April 2024

Abstrack: The problems that humans face from time to time are increasingly complex, both problems related to their personal, family, work and life problems in general that lead to psychological problems. Therefore, these problems require treatment or therapy in overcoming them. The focus of this research is how prayer is able to overcome psychoproblems. The research method used is library research. So that in answering the problems above, the researchers collected data using a search for books that support the analysis. And the data collected was analyzed using descriptive analysis method using inductive analysis and deductive analysis. The result of this study indicated that prayer performated with humanity that is with tuma’ninah, tafakkur and tadabbur will provide healing and preventation as well as protection against psychoproblems. Where all readings and movements in prayer contain elements of therapy that can provide peace in the soul.

 

Keywords: Psychoproblem, Pray Therapy, Modern Society

 

Abstrak: Persoalan yang manusia hadapi dari waktu-kewaktu semakin kompleks, baik persoalan yang berhubungan dengan pribadinya, keluarganya, pekerjaan serta masalah kehidupan secara umum yang berujung pada permasalahan psikis. Oleh karena itu permasalahan tersebut membutuhkan pengobatan atau terapi dalam mengatasinya. Fokus penelitian ini adalah bagaimana shalat mampu dalam mengatasi psikoproblem. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Sehingga dalam menjawab permasalahan-permasalahan di atas, maka peneliti melakukan pengumpulan data menggunakan penelusuran buku-buku yang yang mendukung analisis. Dan data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisa dengan menggunakan analisa induktif dan analisa deduktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa shalat yang dilakukan dengan khusyu’ yakni dengan tuma’ninah, tafakkur dan tadabbur akan memberikan penyembuhan dan pencegahan serta proteksi terhadap psikoproblem. Dimana semua bacaan dan gerakan dalam shalat mengandung unsur terapi yang dapat memberikan ketenangan dalam jiwa.

 

Kata Kunci: Psikoproblem, Terapi Shalat, Masyarakat Modern
KUASA TUAN GURU ATAS KEPEMIMPINAN KEAGAMAAN: MODAL SOSIAL SEBAGAI LEGITIMASI PERUBAHAN SOSIAL DI LOMBOK
Authors: Amrulloh Zaenudin
Published: April 2024

Tuan Guru is a symbol of religion authorities in Lombok. The emergence of Tuan Guru in the middle of society historically is a result of political attempts, such as redeeming people from Hindu and Dutch colonialism and Islamizing Lombok people. Commonly, the reality of socio-religion of Tuan Guru is hegemony towards local society in term of dressing, behaving, and believes. Tuan Guru has great roles in mosque and Islamic boarding school. Essentially, both mosque and Islamic boarding school are platforms for Islamic culture exchanges in order to build socio-religion system in Lombok. This study applied qualitative method with critical ethnographic approach and aimed to examine the roles of Tuan Guru on social development of local society included Islamic learning groups. The study was conducted in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Based on findings, the researcher found that Tuan Guru has a symbol of religion authorities in Lombok, there are mosque and Islamic boarding school. However, the current change of era made the roles of Tuan Guru failed to maintain primordial values with local society.
“KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI DALAM PEMBINAAN SKILL MAHASISWA MELALUI PERGERAKAN MAHASISWA ISLAM INDONESIA (PMII) RAYON AL-GHAZALI KOMISARIAT UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN) MATARAM”
Authors: Irhamdi Muhamad , Jayadi Herman
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh minimnya pembinaan skill di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Mataram yang titik fokus penilitian berfokus kepada mahasiswa yg berorganisasikan Pergerakan Mahasiswa Islam Indonesia (PMII). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja bentuk pembinaan skill di kalangan mahasiswa yang berorganisasikan PMII dan bagaimana peran organisasi itu sendiri didalam kampus dan kalangan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penilitian kualitatif yang mengangkat latar belakang permasalahan di organisasi Pergerakan Mahasiswa Islam Indonesia (PMII) Komisariat UIN mataram. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Penilitian ini juga menggunakan metode kedekatan secara emotional kepada responden yang menjadi sumber data dalam penelitian. Adapun hasil penelitian yang di laksanakan oleh peneliti adalah: 1. pelaksanaaan kegiatan pelatihan dan pembinaan skill dalam organisasi PMII, caranya antara lain: a). jurnalis seperti pelatihan pembuatan cerpen, karya tulis ilmiah, pelatihan pembuatan bulletin, MC, tilawah, dan ngehost. Pelatihan-pelatihan ini dilakukan untuk pembinaan dalam meningkatkan skill para anggota rayon al-ghazali, komisariat universitas islam negeri mataram. 2. peran Organisasi PMII dalam meningkatkan skill pada  kalangan mahasiswa. Adapun kendala yang ditemukan dilokasi dalam pelaksaan kegiatan pelatihan dan pembinaan skil, antara lain: a). ketidak konsisten kader dalam mengikuti pelatihan-pelatihan yang diadakan oleh pengurus rayon, b). kurangnya kesadaran kader dalam membangun potensi yang ada di dalam dirinya
DAKWAH KENABIAN DAN KONSTRUKSI MASYARAKAT KHAYALAN
Authors: HARYANTO ISHAK
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The journey of the Prophet's da'wah as an arena to build a humanitarian system that is mutually acceptable and recognizes the values ??of human equality in the social system is still a deviation, even though life must embrace each other, accept unconditionally and respect human values. Acceptance between human beings seems to have become a deviation and even become a collective amnesia in social life. This collective amnesia is present in human life without realizing that we live in it so that acceptance for humans as a form of hablumminannas is like the construction of an imaginary society. The construction of an imaginary society had occurred in Medina as a social institution in the journey of prophetic da'wah. This happens as a living system process; a process of building its identity as a social system in building the ideal society that ever existed on this earth. The Medina community is a society based on a collective agreement that is contained in a charter, commonly known as the Medina charter, written above the interests of all groups, so that it can become a radical turning point for civilization to completely overhaul the values, symbols, and structures of society that have become acute. The Medina community is a society that results from a completely new social order so that it becomes a normal community identity. Be a role model when compared to neighboring areas at that time. Relationships between groups are built based on the breath of acceptance between others, because of the awareness of the similarity of nature and dignity as human beings. Why Medina is called the identity of a normal social system, none other than because of intersubjectivity; Human acceptance that is built from all components of the social system is always in communication and mutual acceptance.
NILAI-NILAI DAKWAH ISLAMIAH, POLITIK DAN TOLERANSI DALAM PIAGAM JAKARTA
Authors: KRISDIANA PUTRI
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the influence of Islamic values, politics and tolerance in the Jakarta Charter. The two main discussions answered in this article are how the struggle for Islamic da'wah values, politics and tolerance in the Jakarta Charter has an impact on the value of religious tolerance in Indonesia. In answering these two main problems, this paper uses paratext theory as an analytical tool. The main data used in this article consist of books, journals, catalogs, scientific papers, websites, theses, theses and dissertations. From the search results, the author finds that the Jakarta Charter has undergone various changes, such as the deletion of seven words. This was solely intended so that the Protestant and Catholic groups would not separate themselves from the Republic of Indonesia. So Muslims are willing to sacrifice these seven meaningful words. The decisions taken by several Islamic leaders in a very short time really reflect the moderate attitude of Islamic da'wah and a good attitude for religious tolerance in the Republic of Indonesia.
DAKWAH TOLERANSI DI INDONESIA:
Authors: IRHAMDI MUHMAD , HAMZANI YUSRI
Published: April 2024

The house of worship is one of the sacred places in a religious community. In addition, the house of worship is also one of the important icons in a religion. In the context of Islam, the Prophet Muhammad once ordered to destroy houses of worship. This is certainly contradictory to the house of worship as a sacred and iconic place. This paper discusses further about the traditions of the destruction of the house of worship. In addition, this paper also contextualizes the universal values ??of the hadith with the context of religion in Indonesia. The double movement theory initiated by Fazlur Rahman which was further developed by Abdullah Saeed becomes a point of view in analyzing this reality. If we go back to past history, the order to destroy houses of worship at the time of the Prophet was caused by the existence of mosques that did not benefit the Muslim community. On the contrary, the mosque was used to spy on the Muslim community at that time. If you look at the context, then the destruction of mosques in Indonesia by using the hadith as a justification is certainly not appropriate because the context is different.
DAKWAH INDUSTRI ANIMASI ISLAM
Authors: AZIZAH AMIROH NICAHYATUN MUNIR
Published: April 2024

Konsekuensi dari berkembangnya sains dan teknologi modern, terutama pada bidang komunikasi adalah munculnya globalisasi. Dalam globalisasi, komunikasi menjadi suatu hal yang penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu media komunikasi yang menarik untuk kita amati adalah televisi, karena dianggap sebagai produk globalisasi yang mampu memfasilitasi penyebaran identitas global pada ranah lokal. Salah satu film animasi yang hadir di masyarakat Indonesia adalah animasi Upin & Ipin yang berasal dari Malaysia. Kemudian, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana dakwah dalam film serial Upin & Ipin di stasiun televisi MNCTV perspektif globalisasi dan sejauh mana film animasi Upin & Ipin menghomomogenisasi budaya Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Objek penelitian ini adalah film animasi Upin & Ipin di MNCTV. Dalam membedah kasus ini, akan digunakan teori Gill Branston dan Roy Stafford tentang globalisasi. Teori globalisasi dibahas pada berbagai perspektif dan pendekatan, seperti pendekatan imperialisme budaya, homogenisasi dan oligopoli. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dakwah yang disampaikan oleh film animasi Upin & Ipin adalah adanya aspek akhlak, akidah dan syariah. Imperialisme budaya yang mempengaruhi anak-anak Indonesia adalah imperialisme budaya dalam bentuk bahasa. Adapun homogenisasi yang terjadi adalah segala macam tingkah laku (ideologi) dan aksesoris sangat digandrungi oleh anak-anak kecil di Indonesia.
MENGARTIKULASI ISLAM DAN SUBYEKTIFITAS ORIENTALISME: DEBAT FUNDAMENTAL TENTANG STUDI ISLAM
Authors: NOOR AZKA
Published: April 2024

Orientalisme telah lama memiliki berbagai pandangan dalam mengartikulasi Islam. Oleh karena itu, Artikel ini mengkaji tentang subyektifitas orientalisme mengenai kajian dalam studi Islam, khususnya tentang autentitas sejarah Al-Qur’an. Dalam mengartikulasi Islam sebagian orientalisme memiliki pandangan yang skeptis-deskredit, dan sebagiannya memiliki pandangan yang nonskeptis-saintifik, dan juga memiliki pandangan yang moderat. Orientalisme yang memiliki pandangan skeptis adalah John Wansbrough, dan orientalisme yang memiliki pandangan nonskeptis adalah Angelika Neuwrith. Alhasil, Neuwrith menolak gagasan Wansbrough terkait autentisitas sejarah al-Quran dengan menawarkan pendekatan metodelogis intertekstualitas sebagai salah satu metode dalam memahami dan memaknai teks dalam studi al-Quran. Sedangkan orientalisme yang memiliki pandangan moderat adalah snouck Hurgronje.