bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Powered Wide Area Infrastructure Based on WiMAX for Real Time Applications of Smart Grid
Authors: Alsharbaty Firas , Ali Qutaiba
Published: August 2022

This work presents a wireless communication network (WCN) infrastructure for the smart grid based on the technology of Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) to address the main real-time applications of the smart grid such as Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC), video surveillance, and distributed energy resources (DER) to provide low cost, flexibility, and expansion. Such wireless networks suffer from two significant impairments. On one hand, the data of real-time applications should deliver to the control center under robust conditions in terms of reliability and latency where the packet loss is increased with the increment of the number of industrial clients and transmission frequency rate under the limited capacity of WiMAX base station (BS). This research suggests wireless edge computing using WiMAX servers to address reliability and availability. On the other hand, BSs and servers consume affected energy from the power grid. Therefore, the suggested WCN is enhanced by green self-powered based on solar energy to compensate for the expected consumption of energy. The model of the system is built using an analytical approach and OPNET modeler. The results indicated that the suggested WCN based on green WiMAX BS and green edge computing can handle the latency and data reliability of the smart grid applications successfully and with a self-powered supply. For instance, WCN offered latency below 20 msec and received data reliability up to 99.99% in the case of the heaviest application in terms of data.
A comparison of American and Chinese policies for electric vehicle technologies
Authors: Ramadan Mahmoud M.
Published: August 2022

In the U.S., the gap between science research and commercialization has grown in recent years. In order to narrow this gap, the U.S. government could expand efforts to facilitate commercialization and public-private partnerships. This perspective compares the recent policies by the Chinese and U.S. governments towards emerging technologies. More specifically, we examine the current state of electric vehicles technologies in China and the U.S.
Türkiye'de Bir Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Sağlık Hizmetlerine Bağlı Enfeksiyonların Özellikleri
Authors: YAMAN Akan , MEMİŞOĞLU Aslı , MASAL Yasemin , SİLİ Uluhan , SOYSAL Ahmet , BİLGEN Hülya Selva , KORTEN Volkan , ÖZEK Eren
Published: August 2022

Giriş: Sağlık hizmeti ile ilişkili enfeksiyonlar (SHİE), yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YYBU) neonatal mortalite, morbidite ve sağlık bakım maliyetini artıran risklerden biridir. SHİE'lerin özellikleri farklı bölgelerde ve zaman içinde önemli ölçüde farklılık gösterdiğinden, sürekli SHİE sürveyansı, enfeksiyon kontrolü için SHİE oranlarını ve sağlık bakımıyla ilişkili patojenleri belirlemek açısından önemlidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Türkiye'de üçüncü basamak bir referans merkezindeki SHİE'nin özelliklerini incelemeyi amaçladık. 2011-2013 yılları arasında YYBU'ye kabul edilen tüm yenidoğanlar bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. SHİE ile ilgili bilgiler “Ulusal Hastane Enfeksiyon Gözetim Ağı” ve Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezleri(CDC)’nin standartlarına göre toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Toplam yatan hasta sayısı 1030 idi. Bunların% 29'unda SHİE gelişti. SHİE'nin genel oranı ve yoğunluğu sırasıyla% 29.0 ve% 24.0 idi. Kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonları, SHİE 'lerin% 36.4'ü idi. En sık izole edilen mikro-organizmalar koagülaz negatif Staphylococci ve Klebsiella pneumonia idi. Ortalama metisilin direnci % 87, ESBL oranı% 79 ve VRE oranı % 40 idi.

Sonuçlar: Bu çalışma, SHİE 'nin YYBU'de hala ciddi bir sorun teşkil ettiğini belirlemiştir. Sağlık bakımıyla ilişkili patojenler hakkında zamanında ve doğru epidemiyolojik bilgilerin mevcudiyeti, enfeksiyon kontrolü ve uygun ampirik antibiyotik seçimi için gereklidir.
Saliva: An Economic and Reliable Alternative for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Means of RT-qPCR
Authors: González-Lara Irving A. , Aguilar-Brondo Ana M , Carrales-García Zoila L. , Coronado-Alvarado Lourdes G. , Cardona-Camacho Marina G. , Claudio-Rizo Jesús A.
Published: August 2022

The current pandemic has generated the search for new reliable and economic alternatives for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, which produces the COVID-19 disease, one of the recommendations by the World Health Organization, is the detection of the virus by RT-qPCR methods from upper respiratory tract samples. The discomfort of the pharyngeal nasopharyngeal swab described by patients, the requirement of trained personnel, and the generation of aerosols, are factors that increase the risk of infections in this type of intake. It is known that the main means of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is through aerosols or small droplets, which is why saliva is important as a relevant means of detecting COVID-19. In this study, a modified method based on SARS-CoV-2 RNA release from saliva is described, avoiding the isolation and purification of the genetic material and its quantification of viral copies; the results are compared with paired pharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab samples (EF/EN). Results showed good agreement in saliva samples compared to EF/EN samples. On average, a sensitivity for virus detection of 80% was demonstrated in saliva samples competing with EF/EN samples. The use of saliva is a reliable alternative for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by means of RT-PCR in the first days of infection, having important advantages over the conventional method. Saliva still needs to be studied completely to evaluate the detection capacity of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, however, the described process is viable, due to the decrease in materials and supplies, process times, the increment in the sampling and improvement of laboratory performance.
BEST–WORST METHOD TO PRIORITIZE INDICATORS EFFECTIVE IN MAKING LOGISTICS SYSTEMS MORE SUSTAINABLE IN FAST-MOVING CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Pishdar Mahsa , Ghasemzadeh Fatemeh , Antuchevičienė Jurgita
Published: August 2022

Logistics systems constitute the backbone of international trade. For developing countries, establishment of sustainable logistics systems reduces costs, and makes supply chains strong to become able to compete. Without setting indicators for sustainable logistics, it is not possible to understand what policies are necessary for success. Logistics systems situations become worse in especial industries such as Fast-Moving Consuming Goods (FMCG) industry that are facing observable challenges such as old-fashioned goods or product corruption. The objective of this paper is to determine a set of indicators, which can be helpful in enhancement of sustainable logistics systems in developing countries. An initial set of indicators is determined through literature review and justified by asking experts’ opinions who have experience of management in logistics systems in developing countries such as Iran and Afghanistan, especially in logistics management in FMCG industry. The indicators are prioritized using Best–Worst Method (BWM), which is a newly introduced decision-making model. Results of prioritization of finalized dimensions and indicators by use of BWM show that “Governance” has the highest importance among dimensions and “management commitment to sustainability” is the most important indicator among all indicators. The results are applicably acceptable as we can see in business circumstances that only when managers believe in perusing sustainability principles as an important factor under each type of economic circumstance, an efficient vision will be set. Risk management has gained the least weight in this study. Based on experts’ opinions, if policies and procedures are set and performed correctly, risks will be less probable by themselves. The results help mangers in assignment of limited budgets to improvement projects related to each indicator.
The Discovery of the 528.6 Hz Accreting Millisecond X-Ray Pulsar MAXI J1816–195
Authors: Bult Peter , Altamirano Diego , Arzoumanian Zaven , Chakrabarty Deepto , Chenevez Jérôme , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Gendreau Keith C. , Guillot Sebastien , Güver Tolga , Iwakiri Wataru , Jaisawal Gaurava K. , Mancuso Giulio C. , Malacaria Christian , Ng Mason , Sanna Andrea , Strohmayer Tod E. , Wadiasingh Zorawar , Wolff Michael T.
Published: August 2022

We present the discovery of 528.6 Hz pulsations in the new X-ray transient MAXI J1816–195. Using NICER, we observed the first recorded transient outburst from the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary MAXI J1816–195 over a period of 28 days. From a timing analysis of the 528.6 Hz pulsations, we find that the binary system is well described as a circular orbit with an orbital period of 4.8 hr and a projected semimajor axis of 0.26 lt-s for the pulsar, which constrains the mass of the donor star to 0.10–0.55 M
⊙. Additionally, we observed 15 thermonuclear X-ray bursts showing a gradual evolution in morphology over time, and a recurrence time as short as 1.4 hr. We did not detect evidence for photospheric radius expansion, placing an upper limit on the source distance of 8.6 kpc.
Dilemmas in generic delimitation of Senegalia and allies (Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade): how to reconcile phylogenomic evidence with morphology and taxonomy?
Authors: Terra Vanessa , Ringelberg Jens J. , Maslin Bruce , Koenen Erik J. M. , Ebinger John , Seigler David , Hughes Colin E.
Published: August 2022

Senegalia comprises 219 species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of North and South America, Africa, Asia and Australia. Two sections are currently recognised within Senegalia and these are most readily distinguished by the differences in disposition of their cauline prickles, i.e. sect. Senegalia with prickles at or near leaf nodes and sect. Monacanthea with mostly internodal prickles. Previous phylogenetic studies, based primarily on small numbers of plastid DNA loci, found Senegalia to be monophyletic with two large subclades corresponding to the sections. Here, we present new phylogenomic evidence from 997 single-copy nuclear gene sequences for a small, but representative set of species. These new analyses show that Senegalia is non-monophyletic, but instead, forms a grade that is paraphyletic with respect to the remainder of the ingoid clade (i.e. Ingeae + Acacia s.s. + Acaciella), comprising two well-supported subclades most likely representing the same clades as found in previous phylogenetic studies of the genus and, interspersed between these, a third, moderately supported clade, comprising the genera Mariosousa, Pseudosenegalia and Parasenegalia. In marked contrast to the nuclear phylogeny, the two Senegalia clades are sister groups in the plastid phylogeny, based on analyses of 72 chloroplast genes, rendering the genus monophyletic, based on plastid data alone. We discuss this new evidence that Senegalia is non-monophyletic in relation to the marked cytonuclear discordance, high gene tree conflict and lack of resolution across this senegalioid grade and review the consistency of the key morphological characters distinguishing the two sections of Senegalia. We conclude that it is likely that Senegalia will need to be split into two (or possibly more) genera: a re-circumscribed Senegalia s.s. that corresponds to the existing Senegalia sect. Senegalia plus the S. ataxacantha group (Senegalia sect. Monacanthea s.s.; future studies may show that this group warrants generic status) and a new genus corresponding to the remainder of sect. Monacanthea (here designated as Senegalia sect. Monacanthea p.p.). However, re-delimiting Senegalia now would be premature given that the key morphological characters are not fully congruent with the two sections and pending denser phylogenetic sampling of taxa. A judiciously selected list of critical taxa is presented to facilitate future phylogenomic studies. Finally, we discuss the identity of Albizia leonardii, which is also placed in this senegalioid grade in these new phylogenomic analyses and place it in synonymy with Parasenegalia vogeliana.
Phylogeny and classification of the Australasian and Indomalayan mimosoid legumes Archidendron and Archidendropsis (Leguminosae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade)
Authors: Brown Gillian K. , Aju Javier , Bayly Michael J. , Murphy Daniel J. , McLay Todd G. B.
Published: August 2022

The morphologically variable genusArchidendronis the second largest mimosoid legume genus from the Indomalayan-Australasian region, yet it has not been well represented in phylogenetic studies. Phylogenies that have included multiple representatives ofArchidendronsuggest it may not be monophyletic, and the same applies toArchidendropsis, another understudied genus of the Archidendron clade. The most comprehensive phylogeny ofArchidendronandArchidendropsisto date is presented, based on four nuclear markers (ITS, ETS, SHMT and RBPCO). Exemplars from all genera of the wider Archidendron clade are sampled, including representatives of all series withinArchidendronand the two subgenera ofArchidendropsis. Our results confirm thatArchidendronandArchidendropsisare not monophyletic. WithinArchidendron, only one series (ser. Ptenopae) is resolved as monophyletic and species ofArchidendronare divided into two primarily geographic lineages. One clade is distributed in western Malesia and mainland Asia and includes most representatives of seriesClypeariae, while the other is mostly restricted to eastern Malesia and Australia and includes representatives of the seven other series plus two samples of seriesClypeariae. No taxonomic changes are made forArchidendrondue to the high level of topological uncertainty and the lack of discrete macromorphological characters separating these two lineages. Each of the two subgenera ofArchidendropsisis monophyletic but they are not closely related. A new genus endemic to Queensland (Australia),HeliodendronGill.K. Br. & Bayly,gen. nov., is described for the former Archidendropsis subg. Basaltica, and combinations for its three species are proposed:Heliodendron basalticum(F. Muell.) Gill.K. Br. & Bayly,comb. nov.,Heliodendron thozetianum(F. Muell.) Gill.K. Br. & Bayly,comb. nov., andHeliodendron xanthoxylon(C.T. White & W.D. Francis) Gill.K. Br. & Bayly,comb. nov.
On the taxonomic affinity of Albizia carbonaria Britton (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae-mimosoid clade)
Authors: Koenen Erik J. M.
Published: August 2022

Recent phylogenomic analyses placed Albizia carbonaria Britton as the sister-group of the two currently known species of Pseudosamanea Harms, clearly outside Albizia section Arthrosamanea (Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W. Grimes where it has until now been included. Its morphological similarities to Pseudosamanea are discussed, including characteristics of the polyad, and it is concluded that the species is compatible with the generic description of that genus except for its much more finely divided leaves with smaller leaflets, and its smaller flowers and fruits. Since these are merely quantitative differences, the species can readily be accommodated in Pseudosamanea. The new combination Pseudosamanea carbonaria (Britton) E.J.M. Koenen is made, and a diagnosis distinguishing it from the other two species of Pseudosamanea is presented.
Determinants of Burden in Family Caregivers of Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sustrami Dya , Yusuf Ah , Fitryasari Rizki , Suhardiningsih A.V. Sri , Arifin Hidayat
Published: August 2022

The current systematic review was performed to determine the specific burdens placed on families of individuals with schizophrenia. Scopus, PubMed, and CINAHL databases were searched, resulting in 21 articles that met inclusion criteria. Results showed that treatment of individuals with schizophrenia poses a burden on families. Most caregivers experienced emotional and financial problems that affected their quality of life. Influencing factors in caregivers were age, sex, educational level, family status, income, time spent with the individual per day, knowledge regarding schizophrenia, attitude, and psychological stress. Influencing factors in individuals with schizophrenia were age, sex, severity of illness, social function, and treatment adherence. Environmental factors were stigma, social support, and professional support from health care providers. Family caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia need to be empowered to improve resilience and acceptance in caring for these individuals. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(2), 38–43.]
Periodic oscillation for a class of in-host MERS-CoV infection model with CTL immune response
Authors: Keyoumu Tuersunjiang , Guo Ke , Ma Wanbiao
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to give some sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic oscillation of a class of in-host MERS-Cov infection model with cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response. A new technique is developed to obtain a lower bound of the state variable characterizing CTL immune response in the model. Our results expand on some previous works.
A time series image prediction method combining a CNN and LSTM and its application in typhoon track prediction
Authors: Lu Peng , Sun Ao , Xu Mingyu , Wang Zhenhua , Zheng Zongsheng , Xie Yating , Wang Wenjuan
Published: August 2022

Typhoon forecasting has always been a vital function of the meteorological department. Accurate typhoon forecasts can provide a priori information for the relevant meteorological departments and help make more scientific decisions to reduce the losses caused by typhoons. However, current mainstream typhoon forecast methods are very challenging and expensive due to the complexity of typhoon motion and the scarcity of ocean observation stations. In this paper, we propose a typhoon track prediction model, DeepTyphoon, which integrates convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory (LSTM). To establish the relationship between the satellite image and the typhoon center, we mark the typhoon center on the satellite image. Then, we use hybrid dilated convolution to extract the cloud features of the typhoon from satellite images and use LSTM to predict these features. Finally, we detect the location of the typhoon according to the predictive markers in the output image. Experiments are conducted using 13, 400 satellite images of time series of the Northwest Pacific from 1980 to 2020 and 8420 satellite images of time series of the Southwest Pacific released by the Japan Meteorological Agency. From the experimentation, the mean average error of the 6-hour typhoon prediction result is 64.17 km, which shows that the DeepTyphoon prediction model significantly outperforms existing deep learning approaches. It achieves successful typhoon track prediction based on satellite images.
Respice finem! Eshatološka motivika v umetnosti potridentinskih bratovščin na Slovenskem
Authors: Lavrič Ana
Published: August 2022

Prispevek se osredotoča na motiva umiranja in vic v umetnosti baročnih bratovščin na Slovenskem. Predstavlja pri- mere, značilne za bratovščine različnih titularjev, predvsem tiste, ki so se še posebej posvečale umirajočim in vernim dušam. Ob standardnih upodobitvah opozarja na ikonografsko zanimivejše (Tomišelj, Ljubljana Sv. Peter, Lemberg, Kranj, Ponikva itd.) in take, ki so jih napravili vidnejši umetniki (Andrej Trost, Giulio Quaglio, Francesco Robba, Jožef Holzinger idr.). Iz gradiva je razvidno, da dobi v prizorih srečne smrti sčasoma vidno vlogo personificirana Smrt (okostnjak), skušnjave (demoni) pa se reducirajo. Vice, ki variirajo po emocijah in številu očiščujočih se duš, se prilagajajo krajevni umestitvi; tu in tam so postavljene v konkretno pokrajino, večkrat neposredno pod križ na Kalvariji. Včasih so zaprte z rešetkami in asociirajo na ječo, v verige vklenjene duše pa so redke. Kompleksnejše upodobitve vic so dopolnjene z motivom priprošnje.
Lifespan Prediction Using Socio-Economic Data Using Machine Learning
Authors: Aydin Veysel Gökhan , Bulut Elif
Published: August 2022

Average life expectancy may change among different regions within the same society as well as among countries. In this study, a multiple linear regression model and a support vector regression model were established by addressing some economic and social variables of the countries. The data of 32 countries for the years 2017 and 2018 was compiled within the scope of the study, and it was attempted to determine which model was better. The aim of this study is to compare the prediction performances of support vector regression and multiple linear regression analyses. Support vector regression analysis was applied by the use of radial basis functions, linear, polynomial, and sigmoid kernel functions. In addition, the multiple linear regression analysis method was also applied using the least squares method, and the results were compared. For the comparison of the results, error bound accuracy rates were calculated, and the comparison was made according to these rates. The predictions were also examined through graphical methods, and it was attempted to determine the best model.
Machine Learning in Healthcare
Authors: Kushwaha Savitesh , Srivastava Rachana , Vats Harsh , Khanna Poonam
Published: August 2022

Machine learning approaches are utilized in healthcare for computational decision-making in cases where critical medical data analysis is required to identify hidden linkages or anomalies that are not evident to humans. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools can assess a wide range of health data; patient data from multi-omics methods; clinical, behavioural, environmental, pharmacological data; and data from the biomedical literature to respond to research issues that necessitate a big sample size on a difficult-to-reach population. In healthcare, digitising health data has eased the development of computational models and AI systems to extract insights from the data. This chapter initially addressed the prospectus of machine learning in public health with significant focus areas. The medical devices and equipment section contain device-based modelling approaches to various diseases. The chapter also includes brief details on chatbots, wearable technologies, drug distribution systems, vending machines, and text recognition from prescriptions and medicine boxes are addressed.
Deep Learning-Based Understanding of the Complex Patterns of Cyber Attacks
Authors: Soni Jayesh
Published: August 2022

Cybersecurity attacks are rising both in rate and complexity over time. More development and constant improvement in defensive approaches are needed to secure the operational systems against such attacks. Several malicious attacks pose severe security threats to organizations and users in today's internet age. It is vital to train enhanced malware classification systems to capture the variation in the malware type that belongs to the same family type. In this chapter, the author addresses the malware detection issue using a learning-based approach. First, the author explains various machine learning and deep learning algorithms to solve the problem. Next, the author provides practical implementation by proposing a deep learning-based framework on the open-source benchmark dataset on API calls. The dataset contains API calls during normal and malware-infected processes. The proposed framework trains a hybrid model of convolution neural network followed by long short-term memory to have a high malware detection rate.
Deep Learning for Information Extraction From Digital Documents
Authors: Kömeçoğlu Yavuz , Akyol Serdar , Su Fethi , Buluz Kömeçoğlu Başak
Published: August 2022

Print-oriented PDF documents are excellent at preserving the position of text and other objects but have difficulties in processing. Processable PDF documents will provide solutions to the unique needs of different sectors by paving the way for many innovations such as searching within documents, linking with different documents, or restructuring in a format that will increase the reading experience. In this chapter, a deep learning-based system design is presented that aims to export clean text content, separate all visual elements, and extract rich information from the content without losing the integrated structure of content types. While the F-RCNN model using the Detectron2 library was used to extract the layout, the cosine similarities between the wod2vec representations of the texts were used to identify the related clips, and the transformer language models were used to classify the clip type. The performance values on the 200-sample data set created by the researchers were determined as 1.87 WER and 2.11 CER in the headings and 0.22 WER and 0.21 CER in the paragraphs.
Prediction of Formation Conditions of Gas Hydrates Using Machine Learning and Genetic Programming
Authors: Kumari Anupama , Madhaw Mukund , Pendyala Vishnu S.
Published: August 2022

The formation of gas hydrates in the pipelines of oil, gas, chemical, and other industries has been a significant problem for many years because the formation of gas hydrates may block the pipelines. Hence, the knowledge of the phase equilibrium conditions of gas hydrate became necessary for the economic and safe working of oil, gas, chemical industries. Various thermodynamic approaches with various mathematical techniques are available for the prediction of formation conditions of gas hydrates. In this chapter, the authors have discussed the least square support vector machine and artificial neural network models for the prediction of stability conditions of gas hydrates and the use of genetic programming (GP) and genetic algorithm (GA) to develop a generalized correlation for predicting equilibrium conditions of gas hydrates.
Deep Learning Models for Cyber Security in IoT Networks
Authors: V. Dankan Gowda , B. S. Puneeth Kumar , R. Shekhar , Dadheech Pankaj , N. Thangadurai
Published: August 2022

As the number of connected devices grows, the internet of things (IoT) poses new security challenges for network activity monitoring. Due to a lack of security understanding on the side of device producers and end users, the majority of internet of things devices are vulnerable. As a result, virus writers have found them to be great targets for converting them into bots and using them to perform large-scale attacks against a variety of targets. The authors provide deep learning models based on deep reinforcement learning for cyber security in IoT networks in this chapter. The IoT is a potential network that connects both living and nonliving things all around the world. As the popularity of IoT grows, cyber security remains a shortcoming, rendering it exposed to a variety of cyber-attacks. It should be emphasized, however, that while there are numerous DL algorithms presently, the scientific literature does not yet include a comprehensive catalogue of them. This chapter provides a complete list of DL algorithms as well as their many application areas.
Investigation of Deep Fake Images Using Pre-Trained CNN Frameworks
Authors: J. Anitha Ruth , R. Uma , Mahesh Vijayalakshmi G. V. , Ramkumar P.
Published: August 2022

Deep learning technologies, such as neural networks, have tackled complicated issues from large-scale data processing to computer vision and human-level control. Editing photographs with software designed for commercial purposes makes it easy for anyone to manipulate images in order to create fictitious ones. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are currently being utilised to generate superficially realistic photographs, as opposed to the old methods that were previously used to create phony images. The GANs images are referred to as deep fakes. To the unaided eye, they appear to be real photographs. As a result, it's impossible to spot a phony image produced with GANs. The social network is made less safe as a result of the uploading of these bogus photographs. It is therefore critical that the digital image's legitimacy be detected before it is uploaded. Thus, in this chapter, the authors suggest a few pre-trained deep learning frameworks that may be used to effectively detect deep fake images.
The Application of Anthropomorphism in Marketing
Authors: Nghiêm-Phú Bình , Suter Jillian Rae
Published: August 2022

From a psychological approach, brands are attached to human personality traits to make them more appealing and facilitate future consumption. Brand personality, however, cannot independently exist. In other words, it must be projected by and transferred through appropriate functional tools and activities. Nevertheless, a precise knowledge of anthropomorphic marketing from a functional approach is missing. In addition, the contribution of artificial intelligence or AI to the implementation of anthropomorphic marketing is unclear. This chapter aims to synthesize the existing literature about these functional practices of anthropomorphic marketing. The outcomes revealed that anthropomorphic marketing was apparent in commercial and social activities. However, the contribution of AI to these marketing practices is limited at present. Based on these observations, this chapter discusses the theoretical and practical implications and the application of anthropomorphic marketing to build a greener economy.
Digital Transformation Journey of GCC Countries and the Way Forward
Authors: Al-Qudsi Sulayman , Arman Husam , Al-Fulaij Shaikha
Published: August 2022

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, including Kuwait, have been trying to surf the tides of digital transformation to improve their competitiveness and leapfrog into innovation-led economies. The recent turbulence caused by COVID-19 and oil price collapse has accelerated the need for long-term and sustainable strategies. This chapter reviews the desired transformational paths for GCC countries with a special focus on Kuwait. The chapter utilizes original data resulting from empirical work that the authors have recently completed. It will also review existing policies, availability of tech-savvy human resources, and incentive structures that drive firms and institutions to accelerate digitization. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the compendium of global indices related to competitiveness, digitization, and innovation will be utilized to trace the journey of GCC countries and the way forward to address urgent global challenges such as the transition towards a digital economy.
Prospect of Cow Dung as a Source of Renewable Energy in Tripura, India
Authors: Dam Dr. Supriya , Das Raghunandan , Das Sujit Ranjan
Published: August 2022

Ever-increasing crude oil prices across the globe coupled with high cost and sustainability concerns attached to hydro power generation led to exploring new avenues for switching to alternate/renewable energy than ever before. The present study sheds light on the prospect of promoting cow dung as an alternative source of energy with respect to tiny mountainous state Tripura and its role on socioeconomic development. Available literature provides the impression that energy from cow dung can be produced from biogas or by burning the dried dung to a power steam engine. The state has been blessed with cow dung across its rural centers, which are primarily used as bio-manures for agriculture and adjoining sectors. Centralized mobilization of these resources for energy generation have already paid rich dividends for states like Tamilnadu, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, and other parts of India. This study examines the viability and challenges associated with power generation from cow dung for Tripura and presents a case for its adoption.
Private Wealth as a Driving Force for Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Lins Elmar , Michels Anna
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the effect of private wealth on the motivation of becoming a social entrepreneur. The authors refer to Maslow's hierarchy and several culture theories to explain core motivations by social entrepreneurs to shed light on the research topic. The applied econometric approach is regression model based on 1,119 observations from the publicly available data set with a U-shape relationship as the main result for the interplay between the amount of private wealth and the probability of becoming a social entrepreneur. Thus, this chapter shows that starting a social venture is a core belief for some social entrepreneurs, which gives their social endeavors a more important role in their life than accumulating or securing any kind of private wealth. The other group of social entrepreneurs, however, needs to first accumulate a certain level of private wealth until they create a social added value for society.
Study of Social Entrepreneurship Amongst Youth in Oman
Authors: Kulkarni Neelufer , Varshney Seema , Al Amri Said
Published: August 2022

Social entrepreneurship involves groundbreaking and pioneering methodologies to tackle concerns in the domains of education, environment, rational vocation, well-being, and health and human rights and is widely regarded as a building block of the sustainable development of a particular place. Social entrepreneurship is the aptitude an individual has which can transform several economic, environmental, social, and political issues at local and global levels. It is believed that acquaintance of youth to social entrepreneurial practice can impact this change. Social entrepreneurial orientation could be social vision, social attentiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking. In this chapter, the authors have made an attempt to understand the youth's intention towards the social entrepreneurship. The data is collected from 123 students studying in different institutes and universities, as well as from the individual who are working or have their own startups. The study used partial least squares-based structural equation modelling.
Waste to Wealth Enterprises
Authors: Dwivedi Ritesh , Shukla Balvinder , Malik Garima
Published: August 2022

The government of India (GoI) launched Swachh Bharat Mission on October 2014 to improve the prevailing sanitation, hygiene, and waste management state in the country. There has been an increased thrust of the authorities in the field of waste collection and management. The main objective of writing this study is to analyze initiatives in India of municipalities or areas with less than 3 Lakhs populations where exemplary solid waste management practices have been deployed through existing government machinery. The study tries to look into the role played by both government and community and smaller municipal corporations which have set an example and benchmarks for larger urban conglomerates to adopt their intervention model/strategy. Also, the chapter tries to bring out the attribute of a decentralized approach in all the cases which has been the basic reason of success in all the projects. Additionally, this study is an attempt to identify and study the best practices across the country to boost the chances of their replication wherever possible.
Silent Struggles of D/deaf Youth
Authors: Wandel Tamara Leigh
Published: August 2022

This chapter focuses on bullying of youth within the D/deaf community. D/deaf students often struggle with mental health and the development of emotional intelligence, both of which are critical to an individual to be successful and happy. The goal of this chapter is to provide original insight to highlight the negative impact of bullying in the D/deaf community while offering promising points of consideration so that teachers, parents, guardians, and other adults who are prominently featured in a child's life may be better prepared to help. This is a topic important to all, as one in three babies is born with hearing loss and by 2050 nearly 2.5 billion people will have some degree of hearing loss.
Is Sharenting Apart From Bullying?
Authors: Hashim Nor Hazlina , Nor Azhar Muhammad Emeer , Mohd Hasim Marshina Juliza , Abdullah Zaridah
Published: August 2022

Pictures, videos, and written information about children have become overwhelmed by digital content on many social media platforms. This phenomenon is known as sharenting. Attitude and trust have been identified as two variables that predict parents sharing behaviour in social media. Results from a survey among 303 parents across Malaysia indicated that attitude and trust are good predictors of parents' sharenting behaviour on social media among Malaysian parents. By applying the theory of reasoned action, this study concludes that parents in Malaysia are willing to disclose much information about their children when they believe there is nothing wrong with sharing that information, especially when they feel proud of their children's achievements. In addition, parents also highly trust that social media users might not misuse information that they share, and they believe the law would protect the information from being abused by users.
A Critical Look on Cyberbullying and Cyber Harassment in the Digital Area Within the Scope of Social Media Literacy
Authors: Arslan Hicabi , Topal Aslıhan
Published: August 2022

With the inclusion of the internet in life, changes and transformations have occurred in almost every field at different points and continue to be experienced. This change and transformation can be seen in a positive way as well as in a negative way. The structure, which is equipped with new communication technologies, has affected the traditional habits and forms of communication. Different elements and concepts have been articulated with digital life into the types of violence. Cyberbullying, cyber harassment, cyber humiliation, and cyber victimization are among these concepts. In today's conditions, social media usage habits are increasing, and individuals naturally recognize different faces of these channels.
Emotional Bullying Towards Children
Authors: Kanak Mehmet , Sakarya Seda
Published: August 2022

In the literature, the concept of emotional bullying is mental cruelty, mental injury, emotional or verbal abuse, emotional maltreatment, mental deprivation, emotional assault. Emotional bullying is one of the commonly used concepts related to emotional abuse. Emotional abuse has been defined as a form of behavior in which a person is deliberately and repeatedly subjected to non-physical acts by another person that harms their behavioral, emotional, and mental functioning. Although it is more harmful than other types of abuse, it is difficult to notice. This type of bullying can be seen alone, or it is more common because it accompanies other types of bullying. Using the child, forcing the child to take a side in domestic problems, isolating him from the society for fear of being harmed, leaving him alone, dressing the child in a way that is not suitable for the society and place in which he lives in a way that is ridiculed by his friends and environment are also considered as emotional bullying.
Peer Bullying
Authors: Şepitci Sarıbaş Merve , Gültekin Akduman Gülümser
Published: August 2022

Bullying makes an appearance in various manners starting from the first years of life. Regardless of whether it is direct or relational, bullying negatively affects the bullies and the victims. In addition, bullying has destructive effects on societies as well. In this respect, it is highly important to know what bullying, types of bullying, characteristics of bullies and victims, bullying statuses, factors that affect bullying, and the short and long-term effects of bullying are. In this sense, it can be seen that all kinds of studies, activities, and programs that might be effective against bullying are necessary. Within this scope, the concept of bullying is dealt with in a detailed manner in the related section.
An Increasing Problem in Schools
Authors: Bilbay Asuman , Atış Akyol Nevra
Published: August 2022

Peer bullying is when an individual is exposed to negative actions on his/her property, body, emotions, relationships, reputation, digital presence by a stronger peer or peers. In peer bullying, there are different roles such as bully, victim, bully/victim, bystander, and even these roles can change over time. Bullying is examined under five headings: physical, verbal, relational, sexual, and cyberbullying. Studies show that there are some differences in the types and frequency of peer bullying in schools according to age and grade. As a result, peer bullying is frequently experienced in schools. For this reason, many different intervention programs have been developed and implemented in the world.
Cyberbullying
Authors: Mestci Sunerli Sevgi , Gökkaya Füsun , Aliusta Denk Zahide
Published: August 2022

Cyber bullying is the repetitive and intentional use of digital tools to harm another person in the digital environment. Researchers show that females tend to be more cyber victims than males. There are different characteristics of cyber bullies. These are relational aggression, cognitive-affective deficits, and power and control. Cyber bullying causes serious results for both bullies and for the victims. There are some different prevention methods which can be grouped as in three categories: firstly, law, rules, and policies to control the use of media; secondly, education programs about using safe internet for children and youths and teaching them how to avoid these kinds of situations on the internet; and lastly, technological approaches.
What Is Cyberbullying?
Authors: Gün Rabia Şeyma , Gültekin Akduman Gülümser
Published: August 2022

Cyberbullying, which internet users have faced especially in recent years, is a new type of bullying that has emerged with the widespread use of the internet. It is expressed as bullying using technological platforms with internet access. It includes repetitive behaviors aimed at intimidating, angering, or embarrassing target individuals. Since the number of victims of cyberbullying is increasing day by day, it is an important social problem that should be detected early, and precautions should be taken with protective strategies. In this chapter, there is information about cyberbullying, cyberbullying behaviors, cyberbullying tools, types of cyberbullying, the frequency of cyberbullying, the causes of cyberbullying, the roles of cyberbullying, the effects of cyberbullying, what to do when faced with cyberbullying, and precautions to be taken.
Communicating Natural Calamity
Authors: Capolupo Nicola , Piscopo Gabriella
Published: August 2022

This chapter aims at understanding the dynamics that led to the exchange and value co-creation/co-production in the interaction between P.A. and citizens during natural calamities. In addition, it proposes a horizontal communication model in which both actors cooperate to respond to crisis, a semantic and semiotic space on the net able to satisfy their information needs. When natural disasters occur, citizens' primary need is to reach as much information as possible about the status of loved ones possibly involved in the accident, road traffic, how to give an effective contribution to the cause without hindering, etc. On the other hand, P.A. and rescuers need to know as much information as possible about the reports, on the site of the disaster so as to intervene promptly to help the population in danger. Therefore, P.A. and citizens are called upon to cooperate to guarantee crisis containment, crisis management, and also future crisis prevention.
Strategic Communication in Crisis
Authors: Keil Lauren J. , Jerome Angela M.
Published: August 2022

When faced with crises, organizational leaders must identify, prioritize, and communicate with organizational stakeholders. Increasingly, organizational leaders find themselves responding to crises made by persons that represent or are associated with the organization in some way. However, most case studies of image repair campaigns focus on the individual that has transgressed rather than on the often-simultaneous campaigns undertaken by the organizations with which they are associated. To study these issues more closely, this chapter uses The Ohio State University's (OSU's) tattoos for memorabilia scandal as exemplar and offers meaningful insight and pragmatic considerations for practitioners dealing with similar situational constraints.
Fixing the SIC
Authors: Pyle Andrew S.
Published: August 2022

Social media platforms provide channels for both individuals and organizations to engage with global audiences. A successful social media message can reach millions and shape the way the public views a particular person, group, or cause. As organizations become more engaged with the public through social media platforms, a new area of organizational risk has also developed. It is possible for an organization to create a self-inflicted crisis through the unintentional transmission of a poorly worded or ill-conceived social media message. This type of self-induced crisis event creates organizational conflict that must be managed quickly. This chapter explores three cases of organizational conflict resulting from self-inflicted crisis events. All three events caused major conversations to erupt on social media platforms. The author examines the social media-based communication practices of three organizations and draws lessons from both successes and failures for how organizations should respond to self-inflicted crises.
Reputation Management Techniques and E-Collaboration
Authors: Al-Jenaibi Badreya
Published: August 2022

Public relation is one of the significant communication methods in any organization. It leads the internal and external communication strategies, especially during crises. Some of the main goals of public relations are to create, maintain, and protect the organization's reputation, and—ever-increasingly—e-collaboration plays a vital role in accomplishing this goal. The aim of this study is to explore the approaches that help an organization rejuvenate its reputation after damage caused by various crises. It is important to know which PR approaches best engage stakeholders because companies must maintain healthy relationships with all stake-holding entities in order to survive. Qualitative case study was conducted to explore what circumstances can compromise a company's image and what role a PR department would optimally play in rejuvenating it.
Physically Apart, Emotionally Close
Authors: Fecker Denise , Nadegger Monica , Haselwanter Stefanie
Published: August 2022

This chapter aims to explore the use of social media channels in the crisis communication of Austrian family-led hotels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Building on current research on family businesses and crisis communication on social media, the authors investigated seven Instagram profiles of family-owned hotels in Tyrol and its borders. The data were collected in spring and summer 2020 and then analyzed using a mixed-method approach. First, the researchers did a quantitative analysis of the hashtags and then conducted a qualitative content analysis of the pictures and respective captions. The results show that information relating to the crisis is rarely communicated and the focus of communication rather lies on positive attitudes, emotions, and classic alpine marketing topics. During the crisis, the hotels present themselves as resilient and anchored in their family values. This chapter adds new insights to current research on family firms' crisis communication and provides valuable findings for the development of a successful communication strategy for family businesses.