bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT BERBANTU SMART APPS CREATOR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Apriyanti Nur , Sumaryati Sri , Muchsini Binti
Published: March 2024

Abstract This research aims to improve learning motivation with the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament model assisted by Smart Apps Creator based on Basic Accounting lessons. This research used the classroom action research with two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 36 students in grade X AKL SMK. Data collection used interviews, observation, and questionnaires. Validity testing used the triangulation method. The data analysis technique used comparative description. The results of this research conclude that the implementation of the Teams Games Tournament model assisted by Smart Apps Creator can improve the learning motivation in Basic Accounting lessons. The percentage of indicators of learning motivation from the results of observations is persistence 77,8%, tenacity 79,4%, interest 79,2%, independence 71,4%, students get bored quickly with routine task by 81,1%, defending opinions 75,8%, confidence 73,9%, and active 80,6%. While the percentage of indicators of learning motivation from the results of the questionnaire is perseverance 79,3%, tenacity 80,0%, interest 79,4%, independence 72,9%, students get bored quickly with the routine task 88,8%, defending opinion 77,9%, confidence 75,6%, and active 80,7%. Keywords: Teams Games Tournament, Smart Apps Creator, Learning Motivation

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar dengan penerapan model Teams Games Tournament berbantu Smart Apps Creator pada pelajaran Akuntansi Dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah 36 siswa X AKL SMK. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan angket. Uji validitas menggunakan validitas triangulasi metode. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Teams Games Tournament berbantu Smart Apps Creator dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar Akuntansi Dasar. Persentase indikator motivasi belajar dari hasil observasi yaitu ketekunan sebesar 77,8%, keuletan sebesar 79,4%, minat sebesar 79,2%, mandiri sebesar 71,4%, siswa cepat bosan dengan tugas rutin sebesar 81,1%, mempertahankan pendapat sebesar 75,8%, kemampuan siswa mempertahankan keyakinan sebesar 73,9%, dan keaktifan siswa sebesar 80,6%. Sedangkan persentase indikator motivasi belajar dari hasil angket yaitu ketekunan sebesar 79,3%, keuletan sebesar 80,0%, minat siswa sebesar 79,4%, mandiri sebesar 72,9%, siswa cepat bosan dengan tugas rutin sebesar 88,8%, mempertahankan pendapat sebesar 77,9%, kemampuan siswa mempertahankan keyakinan sebesar 75,6%, dan keaktifan siswa sebesar 80,7%. Kata kunci: Teams Games Tournament, Smart Apps Creator, Motivasi Belajar
PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK DIGITAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR AKUNTANSI DASAR KELAS X AKUNTANSI DI SMK X
Authors: Fahrunisa Liana , Sumaryati Sri , Nurhaini Lies
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the procedure for developing accounting digital comics learning media. The accounting digital comic learning media will be developed at SMK X in class X Accounting. This research is an R&D (Research & Development) research using the ADDIE development model with 5 stages of Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery and Evaluation. The data sources of this research include learning events, informants (basic accounting teachers and students of class X AK I and II) and documents (syllabus, lesson plans). The results of the study are at the analysis stage, the use of learning media has not been maximally utilized by teachers and students in achieving learning objectives. In the design stage, teachers need learning media in the form of learning videos and students like media in the form of videos that have many colors and images, so that the Digital Accounting Comics media will be developed. In the development stage, the media is declared suitable for use. This is evidenced by the assessment of media experts by 84%, from material experts by 87%, and from educators by 87%. In the implementation phase, the results of one-on-one trials are 95%, and the results of small group trials are 92%. The results of this study conclude that digital accounting comics are suitable for use in accounting learning. Keywords: digital comics, accounting learning, learning media

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur pengembangan media pembelajaran komik digital akuntansi. Media pemebelajaran komik digital akuntansi tersebut akan dikembangkan di SMK X pada kelas X Akuntansi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D (Research & Development) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE dengan 5 tahapan Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery and Evaluation. Sumber data penelitian ini meliputi peristiwa pembelajaran, informan (guru akuntansi dasar dan siswa kelas X AK I dan II) dan dokumen (silabus, RPP). Hasil penelitian adalah pada tahap analisis, penggunaan media pembelajaran belum maksimal dimanfaatkan guru dan siswa dalam pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Tahap desain, guru membutuhkan media pembelajaran berupa video pembelajaran dan peserta didik menyukai media yang berbentuk video yang memiliki banyak warna dan gambar, sehingga media komik digital akuntansi akan dikembangkan. Tahap pengembangan, media dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan. Hal ini dibuktikan penilaian dari ahli media sebesar 84%, dari ahli materi sebesar 87%, dan dari pendidik sebesar 87%. Tahap implementasi, hasil uji coba satu -satu sebesar 95%, dan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil sebesar 92%. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komik digital akuntansi layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran akuntansi. Kata Kunci: komik digital, pembelajaran akuntansi, media pembelajaran
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR AKUNTANSI SISWA SMK MENGGUNAKAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT DAN QUIZIZZ
Authors: Maryuni Ira Sukma , Santoso Sigit , Muchsini Binti
Published: March 2024

Abstract This study aims to increase the accounting learning interest of vocational students in Accounting and Financial Institutions expertise program using a team games tournament with quizizz learning media. This research is a classroom action research which consists of two cycles. Each cycle was carried out in two meetings. The research procedure for each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The data in this study were obtained from questionnaires, observations, and documentation. The results showed that students' interest in learning could be increased by using a team games tournament combined with quizizz. This can be seen from the results of the average student learning interest questionnaire before being given action, which is 70.71%, increasing to 73.62% in the first cycle and again increasing to 78.85% in the second cycle. These results have met the set targets for success. The conclusion in this study is that the accounting learning interest of Vocational School students in Accounting and Finantial Institutions expertise program can be increased using the teams games tournament with the quizizz learning media. This is evidenced by the results of the student learning interest questionnaire and supported by the results of observations and documentation during the study.

Keywords: Student Interest in Learning, Teams Games Tournament, Quizizz Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar akuntansi siswa SMK program keahlian Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe teams games tournament dengan media pembelajaran quizizz. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus dengan masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan dalam dua kali pertemuan. Prosedur penelitian setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat belajar siswa dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe teams games tournament dengan media pembelajaran quizizz. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil rata-rata angket minat belajar siswa sebelum diberi tindakan yaitu 70,71%, mengalami peningkatan menjadi 73,62% pada siklus I dan kembali meningkat menjadi 78,85% pada siklus II. Hasil tersebut sudah memenuhi target capaian keberhasilan yang ditetapkan. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah minat belajar akuntansi siswa SMK program keahlian Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe teams games tournament dengan media pembelajaran quizizz, yang dibuktikan dengan hasil angket minat belajar siswa dan didukung oleh hasil observasi dan dokumentasi selama penelitian.

Kata Kunci: Minat Belajar Siswa, Teams Games Tournament, Quizizz
PENERAPAN TEPUNG BERWARNA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN KERJASAMA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Suryandana Putra I Putu Adi
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan dalam penerapan dengan media tepung berwarna dalam mengembangkan kemampuan kerjasama pada anak usia 5-6 Tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan proses dan hasil belajar melalui kegiatan pembelajaran kelompok pada kelompok B TK Loka Nanda Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu dua puluh lima orang anak. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian mengacu pada model Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart yang meliputi empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Pemerolehan data kualitatif dengan cara menganalisis data dari wawancara selama penelitian. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa media pembelajaran tepung berwarana dalam mengembangkan kemampuan kerjasama anak hanya pada nilai rata-rata 16% pada pra tindakan pada penelitian ini. Nilai rata-rata anak meningkat menjadi 84% berdasarkan hasil siklus II. Penelitian dianggap berhasil jika mencapai nilai 80%, dari hasil siklus II itu sudah melampaui capaian penilaian. Berdasarkan penjelasan tersebut, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa media tepung berwarna dapt mengembangkan kemampuan kerjasama pada anak usia 5-6 Tahun.
KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA FLANEL DAN LEMBAR KERJA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONSEP GEOMETRI
Authors: Fauziyah Khofifah Nurul , Prahesti Swantyka Ilham
Published: March 2024

Media papan flanel merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran di RA/TK yang mampu mengembangkan potensi yang ada pada anak usia dini sebagai langkah pertama dalam membentuk kemampuan pengembangan kognitif anak khususnya mengenal bentuk geometri. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir dan berkolaborasi anak dalam menggunakan informasi. Secara umum, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan bahan ajar yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan konsep geometri pada anak usia 4-5 tahun. Secara khusus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh media papan flanel terhadap pengembangan konsep geometri anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan berbagai jenis metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian pre-eksperimental tipe group pretest-posttest design. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan pre test dan post test. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode statistik.  Simpulan Hasil dari Test Kelas 2 yang digunakan untuk mengukur pengembangan konsep geometri pada anak usia 4-5 tahun menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor pada Kelas Tes 1 adalah 34,3667, sementara rata-rata skor pada Kelas Tes 2 adalah 28,9000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak yang menggunakan media papan flanel (Kelas 1) unggul dalam pengerjaan dua kali ujian dibandingkan dengan kelompok lainnya.
Hubungan Antara Kemampuan Koordinasi Mata Tangan Dan Koordinasi Mata Kaki Terhadap Hasil Indeks Prestasi Komulatif Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Soemaredjo Bambang sujiono
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hungan antara skor koordinasi  mata-tangan dan Koordinasi Mata-kaki terhadap Hasil Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa. Penelitian ini mengggunakan sampling mahasiswa yang terdaftar sebagai mahasiswa Bimbingan Akademik (PA) pada semester 115. Disain Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Korelasi yang menghubungkan antara hasil tes Koordinasi Mata-tangan dan Koordinasi Mata-kaki terhadap hasil Indeks Prestasi Komulatif mahasiswa.  Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan : 1). Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara koordinasi mata-tangan dengan indeks prestasi komulatif (yang dijelaskan oleh koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,83 dan kontribusi koordinasi mata-tangan  sebesar 0,68 melalui Ŷ = 79,08 + 0,8X1). 2). Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara koordinasi mata-kaki dengan indeks prestasi komulatif (yang   dijelaskan oleh koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,83 dan kontribusi koordinasi mata-tangan sebesar 0,68 melalui Ŷ = 79,08 + 0,8X1). 3. Koordinasi mata-tangan dan koordinasi mata-kaki, baik secara individu atau bersama-sama, memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap indeks pencapaian kumulatif. Dilihat dari kontribusi yang diberikan oleh koordinasi mata-tangan 68% dan koordinasi mata-kaki 72% terhadap indeks pencapaian kumulatif, koordinasi mata-kaki lebih cenderung berkontribusi.

Kata Kunci: Koordinasi Mata-Tangan, Koordinasi Mata-Kaki, Indeks Prestasi

ABSTRACT

               The study aims to find out the corelation of score of eye-hand and eye-foot coordination toward on the results of the cumulative achievement index of students. This study uses sampling of the student who This study uses a sampling of student groups who are enrolled in academic guidance in semester 115 . This study uses a correlation study that connects the results of the eye-hand coordination and eye-foot coordination test on the students' cumulative achievement index results. The results of this study are as follows: 1). there is a positive relationship between eye-hand coordination and cumulative achievement index (explained by the correlation coefficient of 0.83 and the contribution of eye-hand coordination of 0.68 through = 79.08 + 0.8X1). 2). there is a positive relationship between eye-foot coordination and cumulative achievement index (which is explained by the correlation coefficient of 0.83 and the contribution of eye-hand coordination of 0.68 through = 79.08 + 0.8X1). 3). Eye-hand coordination and eye-foot coordination, either individually or together, make a significant contribution to the cumulative achievement index. Judging from the contribution made by eye-hand coordination 68% and eye-foot coordination 72% to the cumulative achievement index, eye-foot coordination is more likely to contribute. 

Keywords: Eye-Hand Coordination, Eye-Foot Coordination, Achievement Index Result
Threats of abiotic factors to the germination of Salicornia europaea L. and the measures for wetland species conservation
Authors: LUO ZIJUN , Li Qiufen , Tian Wenjie , Chi Saisai , Sun Bo , Chen Jufa
Published: March 2024

Salicornia europaea L. is a salt-tolerant wetland plant with great economic value, but the population of S. europaea has been drastically reduced because its survival environment is seriously threatened. In this study, from the perspective of the germination stage of S. europaea, the relationship between the germination of S. europaea and different abiotic factors was investigated, the possible causes of environmental changes leading to the degradation of this species in coastal wetlands was explored, and the direction of wetland restoration, and optimized the conditions for artificial germination of S. europaea seeds was proposed. The results showed that S. europaea was sensitive to changes of GA3 concentration, salinity and temperature during the germination stage, the effect of water immersion treatment on seed germination was concentrated in the late stage of germination, and high salinity, low temperature and prolonged submergence of the seeds all led to limited seed germination. Meanwhile, the combination of analytic hierarchy process and orthogonal experiments were used to screen the range of these factors and the combination of optimal germination conditions, The optimal combined germination conditions was identified as 2000 mg/L gibberellin, 5‰ culture salinity, 20 ℃ culture temperature and 12-hour soaking time. and was validated having practical significance. In conclusion, the results of this study provide an insight to the relationship between degradation of wetland plant populations and abiotic factors, and help in the conservation of plant diversity and the domestication and utilization of wild wetland plants.
Fast renormalizing the structures and dynamics of ultra-large systems via random renormalization group
Authors: Xu Yizhou , Tian Yang , Sun Pei
Published: March 2024

Criticality and symmetry, studied by the renormalization groups, lie at the heart of modern physics theories of matters and complex systems. However, surveying these properties with massive experimental data is bottlenecked by the intolerable costs of computing renormalization groups on real systems. Here, we develop a time- and memory-efficient framework, termed as the random renormalization group, for renormalizing ultra-large systems (e.g., with millions of units) within minutes. This framework is based on random projections, hashing techniques, and kernel representations, which support the renormalization governed by linear and non-linear correlations. For system structures, it exploits the correlations among local topology in kernel spaces to unfold the connectivity of units, identify intrinsic system scales, and verify the existences of symmetries under scale transformation. For system dynamics, it renormalizes units into correlated clusters to analyze scaling behaviours, validate scaling relations, and investigate potential criticality. Benefiting from hashing-function-based designs, our framework significantly reduces computational complexity compared with classic renormalization groups, realizing a single-step acceleration of two orders of magnitude. Meanwhile, the efficient representation of different kinds of correlations in kernel spaces realized by random projections ensures the capacity of our framework to capture diverse unit relations. As shown by our experiments, the random renormalization group helps identify non-equilibrium phase transitions, criticality, and symmetry in diverse large-scale genetic, neural, material, social, and cosmological systems.
Multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma with adenoid cystic features: reporting a rare case.
Authors: Zou xi
Published: March 2024

Multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma with adenoid cystic features (MSCAC) is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy that primarily affects the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by a varied histological appearance, exhibiting similarities to both adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and other sinonasal malignancies. MSCAC presents a diagnostic challenge due to its histological features that overlap with other tumors, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis for appropriate management and prognosis. Here, we present the case of a 49-year-old male with no notable medical history, who presented to the Emergency department with nasal bleeding. A biopsy revealed a tumor displaying a prominent basaloid component, accompanied by high mitotic activity and necrosis, an adenoid cystic-like component, and a non-keratinizing squamous cell component. Immunohistochemistry was performed and supported the diagnosis of multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma with adenoid cystic features. In conclusion, MSCAC is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the sinonasal tract. Its diverse histological appearance and overlapping features with other tumors present diagnostic challenges. This abstract provides an overview of MSCAC, highlighting its clinical presentation, histopathological characteristics, diagnostic challenges, and treatment options. Further research and collaboration among experts are necessary to enhance our understanding of this uncommon malignancy and develop standardized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Boundary stabilization for a Heat-Kelvin-Voigt unstable interaction model, with control and partial observation localized on the interface only.
Authors: Lasiecka Irena , Mahawattege Rasika , Triggiani Roberto
Published: March 2024

A prototype model for a Fluid-Structure interaction is considered. We aim to stabilize [enhance stability] of the model by having access only to a portion of the state. Toward this goal we shall construct a compensator-based Luenberger design, with the following two goals: (1) reconstruct the original system asymptotically- by tracking partial information about the full state, (2) stabilize the original unstable system by feeding an admissible control based on a system which is obtained from the compensator. The ultimate result is boundary control/stabilization of partially observed and originally unstable fluid-structure interaction with restricted information on the current state and without any knowledge of the initial condition. This prevents applicability of known methods in either open-loop or closed loop stabilization/control.
2010 AMS: 74F10, 74K20, 76G25, 35B40, 35G25, 37L15
From Tree-cavity to Landscape: Habitat Preferences and Fitness Operates Across Scales for an Old Relict Species of Southern South-america
Authors: Altamirano Tomás A. , Novoa Fernando J. , Von Bernath Zoltan Von , Vermehren Alejandra , Martin Kathy , Jara Rocío , Rockwell-Price Edwin , Rozzi Ricardo , Ibarra José Tomás
Published: March 2024

Animals select their habitats from available resources in a way that should maximize fitness, and thus habitat preferences are generally predicted to be adaptive. However, there may be a mismatch between habitat preferences and fitness due to factors such as limited availability or disturbance of breeding habitats. In this study, we examine whether preferred nesting habitat attributes are linked to fitness (nesting success and number of fledglings) of White-throated treerunner (Pygarrhichas albogularis), an obligate excavator and tree cavity nester across four spatial scales: (1) cavity, (2) nest-tree, (3) forest-stand, and (4) landscape. During eight breeding seasons (October to February), between 2010 and 2018, we found and monitored 65 treerunner nests in Andean Temperate Forests, Chile. Our results show a multiscale response for both habitat preferences and fitness: both nest-tree and landscape scales were the most influential variables for nesting habitat preferences, while all habitat scales influenced fitness. The probability that a given habitat is used for nesting increased with larger trees, advanced tree decay classes, and forest cover. Nesting success was positively related with cavity entrance diameter, height, and distance from the forest edge. On the other hand, the number of fledglings decrease with larger trees and increase with decay class. Our findings suggest a match between habitat preferences and fitness. Finally, treerunners prefer areas with a relatively high forest cover and their nesting success increased with relatively lower tree density, suggesting that old-growth forests comprise the best integration of multiscale habitat attributes for this species.
Individual and household risk factors for Ebola disease among household contacts in Mubende and Kassanda districts, Uganda, 2022
Authors: Migamba Stella , Ardiet Denis-Luc , Migisha Richard , Nansikombi Hildah T , Agaba Brian , Naiga Helen Nelly , Wanyana Mercy , Zalwango Jane Frances , Atuhaire Immaculate , Kawungezi Peter Chris , Zalwango Marie Goretti , Simbwa Brenda , Kadobera Daniel , Ario Alex R. , Harris Julie R.
Published: March 2024

Background: In 2022, a Sudan virus disease (SVD) outbreak occurred in Uganda, resulting in 142 confirmed cases, most in Mubende and Kassanda districts. We determined risk factors for Sudan virus (SUDV) infection among household members (HHM) of cases.
Methods: We conducted a case-control and retrospective cohort study in January 2023. Cases were RT-PCR-confirmed SUDV infection in residents of Mubende or Kassanda districts during the outbreak. Case-households housed a symptomatic, primary case-patient for ≥24 hours and had ≥1 secondary case-patient with onset <2 weeks after their last exposure to the primary case-patient. Control households housed a case-patient and other HHM but no secondary cases. A risk factor questionnaire was administered to the primary case-patient or another adult who lived at home while the primary case-patient was ill. We conducted a retrospective cohort study among case-household members and categorized their interactions with primary case-patients during their illnesses as none, minimal, indirect, and direct contact. We conducted logistic regression to explore associations between exposures and case-household status, and Poisson regression to identify risk factors for SUDV infection among HHM.
Results: Case- and control-households had similar median sizes. Among 19 case-households and 51 control households, primary case-patient death (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj]=7.6, 95% CI 1.4-41) and ≥2 household bedrooms (ORadj=0.19, 95% CI 0.056-0.71) were associated with case-household status. In the cohort of 76 case-HHM, 44 (58%) were tested for SUDV <2 weeks from their last contact with the primary case-patient; 29 (38%) were positive. Being aged ≥18 years (adjusted risk ratio [aRRadj]=1.9, 95%CI: 1.01-3.7) and having direct or indirect contact with the primary case-patient (aRRadj=3.2, 95%CI: 1.1-9.7) compared to minimal or no contact increased risk of SVD. Access to a handwashing facility decreased risk (aRRadj=0.52, 95%CI: 0.31-0.88).
Conclusion: Direct contact, particularly providing nursing care for and sharing sleeping space with SVD patients, increased infection risk among HHM. Risk assessments during contact tracing may provide evidence to justify closer monitoring of some HHM. Health messaging should highlight the risk of sharing sleeping spaces and providing nursing care for persons with Ebola disease symptoms and emphasize hand hygiene to aid early case identification and reduce transmission.
Laser-patterning of micromagnets for magnetophoretic biomolecule capture
Authors: Molinski John H , Parwal Siddhant , Zhang John X.J.
Published: March 2024

Efficient and controlled isolation and patterning of biomolecules is a vital process step within sample preparation for biomolecular analysis, and within numerous diagnostic and therapeutic applications. For exosomes, nanoscale (30–150 nm) lipid bound biomolecules, efficient isolation is challenging, due in part to the minute size and their resultant behavior within biofluids. Here, we present a method towards the rapid isolation and patterning of magnetically tagged exosomes via rationally designed micromagnets. We present a novel, scalable, and high-throughput laser-based fabrication approach that enables microscale lateral resolution (< 50 µm) without lithographic processing and is agnostic to pattern geometry. Fabrication of micromagnets allows for highly tunable device configurations, and herein we have explored their use for both open-air microwells and encapsulated within a microfluidic channel. In each case, the micromagnets act to enhance the localized gradient fields, resulting in rapid magnetophoretic separation throughout the biofluid medium. Towards micromagnet unit cell geometry optimization, we have employed computational FEA modeling, simulating ‘capture zones’ for a given micromagnet geometry. Lastly, we have demonstrated proof-of-concept immunomagnetic exosome capture and patterning within both device configurations, demonstrating the flexibility and utility of the developed fabrication technique.
Complete Genome Sequence and Annotation of a Pseudomonas syringae phage Psxφ15
Authors: López-Córdova Jocelyn , Pérez-Tobar Sandra , Claudet Cristophe , Fuenzalida-Valdivia Isabel , Herrera-Vásquez Ariel , Blanco-Herrera Francisca , Bittner Mauricio
Published: March 2024

Numerous economically important crops are affected by the Pseudomonas syringae species worldwide. The current control method against this pathogen is the use of copper compounds; however, it is ineffective and limited. The use of phages is an alternative control method against phytopathogens, which are viruses that exclusively infect bacteria and can overcome the chemical control limitations. This work describes the isolation and sequencing of the bacteriophage Psxφ15, a Pseudomonas phage isolated from a plum tree sample collected in Curacaví, Chile, using the Pseudomonas syringae strain Ps15 as a host, which was isolated from cherry tree canker. Psxφ15 is a phage classified in the Myoviridae family according to its morphological features. It has a double-stranded DNA genome with a size of 96,038 base pairs in length, a G+C content of 48.35%, and contains 201 predicted coding sequences and 10 tRNA genes. Genome analysis revealed that Psxφ15 is a strictly lytic phage with no bacterial toxins and antibiotic resistance genes. Host range assays showed lysis of P. syringae strains such as P. syringae pv. syringae and P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Psxφ15 may be a suitable candidate for biocontrol against P. syringae.
Unveiling Genetic Signatures Associated with Resilience to Neonatal Diarrhea in Lambs Through Dual GWAS Approaches
Authors: Yaman Yalçın , Kişi Yiğit Emir , Şengül Serkan S. , Yıldırım Yasin , BAY Veysel
Published: March 2024

Neonatal diarrhea poses a particularly daunting challenge due to its multifactorial etiology, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates and substantial economic consequences worldwide. Moreover, the zoonotic potential of neonatal diarrhea underscores its importance in public health concerns. Although no molecular-level study has evaluated genetic resistance/susceptibility to neonatal diarrhea in farm animals, previous observations suggest potential avenues for further research. The present study employs two genome-wide association approaches, namely the nonparametric multi-locus (pKWmEB) and the single-locus Mixed Linear Model (MLM), to explore potential associations between genetic variations in innate immunity and neonatal diarrhea in Karacabey Merino lambs. A total of 707 lambs, comprising 180 cases and 527 controls, were analyzed, revealing an overall prevalence rate of 25.5%. Using a multi-locus (pKWmEB) GWA analysis, 13 SNPs surpassing the threshold of ≥ LOD 3 were identified. Additionally, the single-locus MLM approach identified one SNP with an exact p-value of 1.85e-7, and this SNP (s61781.1) in the SLC22A8 gene was co-detected by both methods. Our results demonstrate that besides environmental conditions and management practices, the manifestation of neonatal diarrhea can be explained to some degree by genetic backgrounds, and marker-assisted selection can be a useful complementary tool in the struggle against neonatal diarrhea.
Could the shortness in the digit ratio (2D:4D) of manic people with bipolar disorder be directly associated with criminal behavior?
Authors: Emre Elif , Yıldız Sevler , Aydin Suna , Şimşek Düzgün , Gürok Mehmet Gürkan
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between 2D:4D digit ratio and aggression and impulsivity in manic patients (BP) with and without a history of criminal behavior. The study included a total of 106 participants, which encompassed 41 healthy individuals, 34 BP with a history of criminal behavior (CBP), and 31 BP who had not engaged in criminal activity (NCBP). All participants were administered a socio-demographic data form, the Buss-Perry Aggression Scale (BAQ), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) for those with bipolar manic disorder and 2D:4D digit ratio measurement. The right hand 2D:4D finger ratios of BP included in the study were significantly lower compared to the control group, and that the right hand 2D:4D finger ratio was correlated with the duration of the illness. Moreover the BAQ scores of BP were higher compared to the control group. In CBP, both the right hand 2D:4D and left hand 2D:4D were significantly lower compared to the control group. Furthermore, the BIS-11 score and YMRS of CBP were significantly higher compared to NCBP.
Impact of Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection on Spontaneous Preterm Labour in Lagos, Nigeria: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sunmonu Halimah O. , Okunade Kehinde S. , Adegbola Omololu
Published: March 2024

Background: Preterm labour (PTL) leading to preterm birth is a grave complication of pregnancy that attracts long-term medical and social sequelae. However, there is still a paucity of data on the impact of Trichomonas vaginalis infection on PTL especially among women in sub-Saharan Africa.
Objective: This study determined the association between T. vaginalis infection and PTL among pregnant women in Lagos, Southwest, Nigeria using a molecular-based rapid antigen detection technique to diagnose T. vaginalis infection.
Methods: This was a multicenter analytical cross-sectional study carried out among parturients managed in the labour ward units of three hospitals in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria between April and December 2019. High vaginal swab samples were collected from n=105 pregnant women with PTL and an equal number of women who had term labour between April and December 2019. T. vaginalisAntigen Rapid test was used for the detection of T. vaginalis in the vaginal samples. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to control for all potential confounders in the association between T. vaginalis infection of PTL. Statistical significance was reported at p<0.05.
Results: The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was significantly higher in women with PTL compared to those with term labour (12.4% vs. 2.9%, p=0.009). On adjustments for age, parity, booking and educational status, abnormal vaginal discharge and occurrence of prelabour rupture of membranes, there was no association between T. vaginalis infection and PTL (adjusted Odds ratio = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.10–9.29).
Conclusions: The study showed no independent association between T. vaginalis and PTL. We recommend that future longitudinal studies should be conducted within combined clinical and community settings to further investigate this relationship and explore the impact of coinfections or interactions between other local or systemic pathogens and T. vaginalis infection on PTL.
Machine learning for individualized prediction of device-associated infection and 30-day survival outcomes after invasive device procedure in intensive care unit patients
Authors: Su Xiang , Sun Ling , Sun Xiaogang , Zhao Quanguo
Published: March 2024

Background
Risk evaluation for device-associated infection and 30-day outcomes following the accomplishment of invasive device procedures is essential to patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We aimed to construct and validate machine learning (ML) models to predict the risk of device-associated infection and 30-day outcomes after invasive device procedures in ICU patients.
Methods
We included 8574 patients with ICU admission who accepted invasive device procedures from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV version 2.2 database. Enrolled patients were divided into development and test cohorts according to a proportion of 7:3. ML models were created based on the training dataset (n = 6001). We applied seven ML models for device-associated infection, including random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), Gaussian naive Bayesian (GNB), decision tree (DT), and recurrent neural networks with long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm. Five models being used for the 30-day survival outcome, including Cox regression, extra survival trees (EST), survival tree (ST), gradient boosting survival tree (GBST), and deep learning survival neural network (DeepSurv). The primary evaluated approaches to model performance were the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for device-associated infection prediction and the survival model's concordance index (C-index). All models were internally validated in a test cohort (n = 2573).
Results
During the observation period of 30 days after invasive device procedures, 491 patients developed device-associated infections, and 1329 died. The XGBoost model presented the best-discriminated performance, with the test dataset's highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.787 (0.787, 0.788), areas under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.172 (0.172, 0.172), and the lowest Brier score (BS) of 0.146 (0.145, 0.146). The GBST model revealed the best ability to predict 30-day outcome survival, manifesting the highest C-index of 0.730 (0.728, 0.733) and time-dependent AUC of 0.744 (0.741, 0.748) in the validated cohort. The XGBoost and GBST have been available in the web application. These two models can generate an individual predictive risk of device-associated infection and 30-day survival outcomes for patients with ICU admission experiencing invasive device procedures.
Conclusions
We developed and internally evaluated XGBoost and GBST models with excellent prediction ability for the risk of device-associated infection and 30-day survival outcomes after invasive device procedures in patients hospitaled to ICU. The predictive result of these two models can help clinicians identify higher-risk patients with adverse events and conduct prevention methods.
Synthesis of N2-Type Superatomic Molecules
Authors: Isozaki Katsuhiro , Saito Ryohei , Mizuhata Yoshiyuki , Nakamura Masaharu
Published: March 2024

When atoms form covalent bonds, the atomic orbitals combine linearly to produce molecular orbitals. A similar bonding scheme exists for metallic nanoclusters. Spherical gold nanoclusters called “superatoms” are stabilized when valence electrons occupy the atomic orbital-like electronic shell called superatomic orbital1-4. Nonspherical gold nanoclusters can be viewed as “superatomic molecules” composed of fused superatoms sharing several gold atoms, and the superatomic orbitals are combined to form superatomic molecular orbitals5-12. Artificial superatomic molecules have been isolated, and their bonding scheme with superatomic molecular orbitals has been theoretically predicted7,8. However, isolated examples of natural molecule-like superatomic molecules are limited to the F2-type9-12; thus, the bonding theory and electron transitions of superatomic molecules remain poorly understood. Herein, we report the first synthesis of two N2-type superatomic molecules, M2Au17(depp)10Cl7 (M = Pd, Pt, depp = diethylphenylphosphine) nanoclusters bearing triple bonds of superatomic molecular orbitals. Irradiating visible light on MAu12 superatoms triggered a novel degradative fusion reaction to afford M2Au17 superatomic molecules. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculation revealed that the 10 valence electrons are accommodated in the superatomic molecular orbitals with the electron configuration (1Σs)2(1Σs*)2(1Πpx, py)4(1Σpz)2, similar to that of N2 molecule. Furthermore, the UV-Vis absorption spectrum and time-dependent DFT calculations clarified that an electron transition occurs between superatomic molecular orbitals with the same symmetry, similar to that between molecular orbitals. Our results demonstrate a facile synthetic approach to superatomic molecules and their molecule-like optoelectronic behaviour. This synthetic approach could expand the library of superatomic molecules. Furthermore, a better understanding of the link between bonding theory and optoelectronic nature for both conventional and superatomic molecules will facilitate the development of functional metallic nanomaterials.
Ligand induced chirality in NEA2BiBr5 lead-free perovskite
Authors: Dong Minghui , Zhan Xiaoyuan , Chen Xiaofeng , Xu Zhaoyang , Bi Yuyi , Fu Yu , Tian Houzhuang
Published: March 2024

Chiral perovskites have enormous application potential in several fields of optoelectronics and spintronics. The development of new lead-free perovskites with tunable performance is currently the focus of research. In this work, we synthesized a pair of novel chiral halide perovskite crystals.The single crystal diffraction results of the new lead-free chiral perovskite, R/SNEA2BiBr5, indicate that the two chiral perovskite crystals are monoclinic crystals crystallized in the P 1 21 1 (4) chiral space group, with a band gap of 2.71 eV. Chiral transfer from organic ligands mainly induces chiral optical activity in the range of 360-500nm, and the asymmetry factor reaches 2.5×10− 4, maintaining excellent stability in air and at low temperatures. This type of crystal can be used for the preparation of devices such as circularly polarized photodetectors, and has great potential in the field of nonlinear optoelectronics
Cycle-GAN based Data Augmentation to improve Faster-RCNN Generalizability to Detect Intestinal Parasites from Microscopy images
Authors: Kumar Satish , Arif Tasleem , Ahamad Gulfam , Chaudhary Anis Ahmad , Ali Mohamed A. M. , Malik Majid Bashir
Published: March 2024

Intestinal parasites are responsible for affecting millions of people in developing and underdeveloped countries, primarily diagnosed using traditional manual light microscopes but suffer from drawbacks such as highly expensive, time-consuming, and requiring specialized expertise. Recent advances in deep learning have shown potential for addressing these challenges. For that, labeled medical imaging data is required which is scarce and expensive to generate, posing a major challenge in developing generalized deep learning models that require substantial amounts of data. Here, we utilized the generative adversarial network to generate synthetic dataset and improved the performance of deep learning models. Our framework exploits the potential of Generative Adversarial Networks (CycleGANs) and Faster RCNN to generate new datasets and detect intestinal parasites, respectively, on images of varying quality, leading to improved model generalizability and diversity. In this experiment, we evaluated the effectiveness of Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) + Faster RCNN, we employed widely-used evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score. We demonstrated that the proposed framework effectively augmented the images dataset and improved the detection performance, with F1-Score of 0.98% and mIoU of 0.97% are achieved which is better than without data augmentation. We show that this state-of-the-art approach sets the stage for further advancements in the field of medical image analysis. Additionally, we have built a new dataset, which is now publicly accessible, offering a broader range of classes and variability for future research and development.
Altered dynamic functional network connectivity in herpes zoster patients and postherpetic neuralgia patients
Authors: Lv Huiting , Jiang Jian , Li Zihan , Xie Yangyang , Xiong Jiaxin , Kuang Hongmei , Jiang Xiaofeng , Hong Shunda , Gu Lili
Published: March 2024

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a neuropathic pain syndrome characterized by persistent burning or stinging pain, and its underlying pathogenesis is still unclear. Although conventional resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies have revealed abnormal resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in PHN patients, dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) remains unexplored. In this paper, a sliding time window method was used to generate a dFC matrix, and rs-fMRI data from 55 PHN patients, 55 Herpes Zoster (HZ) patients, and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed. Machine learning was used to determine whether these abnormal dFC values could be used as neuroimaging markers of the transition from HZ to PHN. All dFC matrices were clustered into two reoccurring states, and the state transition metrics were obtained. We found that patients with PHN were in State 1, which is characterized by weak connections between the networks, more often than patients with HZ (p < 0.05). We also found that in State 1, compared with that in HCs, the dFC between the BGN and SN in HZ patients increased. In State 2, the dFC of PHN patients was lower than that of HZ patients and HCs, and the dFC was mainly observed in the DMN, SN, DAN, VN and LN. The results of the SVM classifier revealed that the change in dFC between the BGN and DMN may be a strong neuroimaging marker of the transition from HZ to PHN. These findings further our understanding of the neuropathological mechanism of PHN.
Advancing LED Technology: The FDCSP Element's Breakthrough in Mini and Micro-LED Packaging and Backlight Module Enhancement
Authors: Chen Jo-Hsiang , Huang Che-Hsuan , Lee Tzu-Yi , Chen Fang-Chung , Kao Tsung Sheng , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: March 2024

In this research, we introduce an advanced methodology for the calculation of bulk light sources tailored for free-form surface design, focusing on the principle of energy conservation. This method is especially relevant for the evolving needs of micro-LED packaging, highlighting its potential in this burgeoning field. Our work includes the development of an algorithm for creating Freeform-Designed Chip-Scale Package (FDCSP) components. These components seamlessly integrate LEDs and lenses, underscoring our commitment to advancing free-form surface design in chip-level packaging. By adhering to the principle of energy conservation, our approach facilitates a meticulous comparison of simulation outcomes with predefined target functions. This enables the iterative correction of discrepancies, employing layering techniques to refine the design until the simulated results closely align with our goals, as demonstrated by an appropriate difference curve. The practical application of these simulations leads to the innovative design of FDCSP devices. Notably, these devices are not just suitable for traditional applications in backlight modules but are explicitly optimized for the emerging sector of micro-LED packaging. Our successful demonstration of these FDCSP devices within backlight modules represents a significant achievement. It underscores the effectiveness of our design strategy and its expansive potential to transform micro-LED packaging solutions. This research not only contributes to the theoretical understanding of energy conservation in lighting design but also paves the way for groundbreaking applications in micro-LED and backlight module technologies.
Extraction and characterization of antibacterial and antibiofilm Carbon nanodots from Havan smoke
Authors: Var Challa Sri , Gopal Judy
Published: March 2024

From time immemorial, smoke of medicinal plants has been widely reported for curing disorders. Smoke produced from natural substances has been used extensively in many cultures and rituals. Burning of havan samagri (mixture of wood and odoriferous and medicinal herbs) is a popular practice during religious rituals. In the following study, carbon nanodots were extracted from Havan smoke and their identity was confirmed by characterizing them using standard characterization analytics. The antibacterial activity of the carbon nanodots extracted from the smoke was evaluated by testing them against pathogenic coliforms and oral bacteria. Further carbon coatings were developed by dip coating method using carbon nanodot suspensions obtained from Havan smoke. The antibiofilm ability of these carbon coatings was validated against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. The results confirmed the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the Havan smoke-derived carbon nanodots. This is the first report that highlights the extraction of carbon nanodots from Havan smoke and discusses it antibacterial property.