bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Therapy on the Ocular Surface in Patients with Unilateral Paediatric Glaucoma
Authors: Janderová Martina , Filouš Aleš , Hložánek Martin , Dotřelová Dagmar , Mahelková Gabriela
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate ocular surface and tear film in patients with pediatric (primary or secondary) unilateral glaucoma and compare results obtained from the treated eye and untreated healthy eye.

Methods: Patients with unilateral pediatric glaucoma, followed in the outpatient department of the Department of Ophthalmology, Motol University Hospital, were included in this study. Tear osmolarity, corneal epithelial thickness, lower tear meniscus area, Schirmer test, corneal fluorescein staining and tear break-up time test (TBUT) were evaluated in both healthy and treated eye. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) was used to establish subjective impairment. The values obtained through testing the healthy and treated eye were compared.

Results: Thirteen patients met the inclusion criteria of the study. The mean age of the patients was 17.2 ± 8.1 years. There was statistically significant decrease in corneal epithelial thickness and TBUT in the treated eye (45.9 ± 5.3 µm, 6.0 ± 1.7 second resp.) compared to the healthy eye (50.2 ± 2.6 µm, 8.8 ± 3.2 second resp.; p = 0.0106, p = 0.0015 resp.). Fluorescein staining score of the ocular surface was higher in the treated eye (1.7 ± 2.1) than in the healthy eye (0.5 ± 0.8; p = 0.0243). We found no statistically significant difference in the other evaluated parameters between the treated and the healthy eyes.

Conclusion: The results confirmed signs of ocular surface damage in treated eyes. The damage may be induced by chronic topical antiglaucoma therapy, but that could be a consequence of the previous ocular surgery as well. The possible damage of the ocular surface should be taken into account when selecting appropriate treatment in these patients.
“Improvident and Profligate”: The Alexandra Readers Controversy in Saskatchewan, 1908–1909
Authors: Clark Penney
Published: July 2022

This article examines the politics and economics surrounding textbook provision in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan in the first decade of the twentieth century, a period in which debates around the publication and provision of textbooks raged in Canada. It focuses on the 1908 contract between the Saskatchewan Department of Education and the Morang Educational Company of Toronto involving the Alexandra Readers. Frederick Haultain, leader of the opposition Provincial Rights Party, used the contract as a club to beat James Calder, commissioner of education for the ruling Liberal government. Haultain claimed that the contract had been offered to Morang because he and John Cameron Saul, editor in chief of the company, had been “college chum[s].” He also claimed that the majority of the textbook selection committee actually had favoured the readers submitted by rival Toronto publisher the Canada Publishing Company. As a result of Haultain’s accusations in the Saskatchewan legislature, a royal commission was established to inquire into “the alleged ‘improvident and profligate’ Morang school book contract and the reasons why it was granted.” This study makes evident how controversial textbook provision has been and examines the political influences and commercial pressures that fuelled one such controversy.
The peculiarities of vitamin D status and clinical characteristic in women with moderate obesity in gestational endotheliopathy
Authors: Konkov D. G. , Bulavenko O. V. , Bodnarchuk O. , Klimas L. A.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Maternal obesity is associated with perinatal complications and increases the risk for the infant to develop cardiovascular disease later in life. The aim of present study was to assess the maternal serum 25(ОН)D levels and main clinical data in pregnancies with obese I in the presence or absence of comorbid diseases and to compare the results with healthy controls. In accordance with the purpose of our clinical study, in the first stage, we conducted a prospective analysis of the social, somatic, gynecological, and obstetric history of women with obesity and decreased serum levels of vitamin D. The main group consisted of 75 pregnant patients with grade I obesity (BMI = 30 - 34.99 kg/m2), serum 25 (OH) D content <32 ng/ml, however > 16 ng/ml and gestational endotheliopathy. The control group included 26 practically healthy pregnant women with a physiological course of gestation with a normative indicator of serum vitamin D. 85.3% of women with obese I had serum insufficiency (66.7%) and vitamin D deficiency (18.6%). Variational and statistical processing of the survey results was performed using the program “STATISTICA 10” Enterprise Portable with the definition of the main variational indicators. Moderate obesity and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency were statistically likely to be associated with material security problems (p=0.031); unbalanced diet (p=0.03); hypodynamia (p=0.001); stressful working conditions (p=0.0045) and smoking (p=0.0045). Women with obesity and low vitamin D status had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (p=0.029) and gastrointestinal disease (p=0.006). It was noteworthy that women with vitamin D imbalance and obese I had a significantly shorter duration of both the menstrual cycle (p=0.02) and duration of menstrual periods and blood loss during period (p=0.004 and p=0.02). For patients with obesity and decreased serum levels of 25 (OH) D, there was an increase in the number of cases of aggravated gynecological history (p=0.0001), in particular, cases of PCOS (p=0.03); frequency of miscarriage (p=0.042) and antenatal complications, in general (p=0.0012). Further research will assess the clinical effectiveness of personalized dose supplementation of vitamin D (depending on status) in obese pregnant women to prevent the development of perinatal pathology.
Colorectal cancer with diabetes. Early and late postoperative rehabilitation
Authors: Sukhodolya A. I. , Kernychnyi V. V. , Kravchuk Y. S.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Today, colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, that caused by a number of factors, including metabolic disorders, which include diabetes. The aim of the study is to analyze early and late postoperative rehabilitation in patients with colorectal cancer on the background of diabetes. The study included two groups of patients: group I – patients with colorectal cancer with diabetes and group II – patients with colorectal cancer without diabetes. The study evaluated the following indicators: age, sex, presence of comorbid conditions, duration of surgery, early postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, mortality, survival, which were assessed separately for each group of patients. Assessment of comorbid conditions was performed using the Charlson Index. Postoperative complications were assessed according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Database formation and statistical analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and STATISTICA v 10.0 (Statsoft Inc., USA) according to Student's criteria at p⩽0.05. The calculation of postoperative survival was performed by the Kaplan-Mayer method. The results of the research show that patients with diabetes have a higher risk of severe non-surgical postoperative complications, as well as more complex early and late postoperative periods, and higher rates of early and late postoperative mortality. Therefore, studying the impact of diabetes on all body systems, as well as ensuring its sustainable compensation in patients with colorectal cancer, will reduce the levels of severe postoperative complications and postoperative mortality.
Modern view on the germ and embryogenesis of the urinary organs
Authors: Bulyk R. Ye. , Popeliuk O.-M. V. , Melnyk V. V. , Proniaiev D. V.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. The literature is devoted to the analysis of scientific literature for the last 10 years from the electronic databases "PubMed" and "National Library of Ukraine named after V. I. Vernadsky", which are devoted to the study of the formation and development of organs and structures of the urinary system. The consequences of perinatal morphogenesis play the most essential role in the causes and contribution to many congenital malformations (CM), stillbirths, and infant morbidity. According to the Medical and Genetic Service of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, up to 3,000 cases of CM of various organs and systems are recorded annually among newborns in Ukraine. CM of the genitourinary system ranks 3rd in frequency, among which CM of the female genitalia is up to 6 %. These figures are somewhat subjective, as a certain percentage of pathology of the female reproductive system is detected only when a girl reaches childbearing age, which greatly complicates the choice of methods and effectiveness of treatment. The rapid development of the genitourinary system of the fetus requires morphologists to comprehensively study the patterns of morphogenesis and the development of topographic and anatomical relationships of the reproductive system and urinary tract in the early period of human ontogenesis. The problem of combining information about the structural organization of the urinary tract and genital system into a consolidated morphofunctional unit is one of the cardinal problems of perinatal urology. The final formation of the urogenital organs is as follows. The initial kidneys' replacement with the permanent ones, metanephros, begins to form, from the same nephrogenic cord that gave rise to the primary kidney. The proper permanent renal parenchyma develops from the nephrogenic cord (renal tubuli). From the 3rd month, the permanent kidneys replace the mesonephros as the excretory organs already function. Thus, the embryonic development of the genitals is closely related to the development of the urinary tract and kidneys. Therefore, the CM of these two systems often occurs together. Active introduction of perinatal prophylaxis of urogenital organs requires modern approaches and methods of examination of intrauterine life. Therefore, the complex of embryotopographic studies attains special significance, having combined the consideration of organically critical periods of development with the understanding of the peculiarities of the spatial relationships of organs and structures of the genitourinary system.
Discussions on the “Yueji” chapter of the Liji in the Royal Lectures during the Joseon Dynasty: Focusing on the Reigns of King Sukjong and King Yeongjo
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, JO Jungeun
Published: July 2022

The “Yueji” chapter of the Liji is one of the reading materials adopted in the Royal Lectures during the Joseon dynasty. However, a sufficient amount of records on the Royal Lectures was not provided until the reign of King Sukjong. Based on the records during the earlier Joseon dynasty, it is hardly possible to elucidate the main viewpoint of discussing “Yueji” since most discussions soon shift the topic to current affairs regarding music. In the earlier Joseon period, discussions on music centered around correcting inappropriate music, but in the later period, moral cultivation became a central issue. In line with this main distinction between the earlier and later periods, discussions on “Yueji” in the Royal Lectures during the reigns of King Sukjong and King Yeongjo mainly focus on the moral cultivation of the king. However, this main focus is dealt with in a different context from “Yueji”; while “Yuej” describes the effect of moral cultivation by means of ritual and music, in the Royal Lectures it is argued that the king needs to cultivate himself in order to achieve the same governing effect as those of ritual and music whose exemplary form does not exist any more. This argument can be understood as a reinterpretation of “Yueji” from a Neo- Confucian perspective with an intention to put the power of the supreme ruler under control of subjects. The moral cultivation of the king is also one of the main focuses of attention in the Royal Lectures during King Yeongjo’s reign; however, dissimilar to previous approaches to “Yueji”, King Yeongjo shows interest in sound and pitch. This new approach can be interpreted as an intention to strengthen the supreme ruler’s position as the establisher of ritual and music instead of being recommended cultivation from his subordinates. Based on the records of the Royal Lectures on “Yueji” during the reigns of King Sukjong and King Yeongjo, it can be suggested that emphasis on the moral cultivation of the king is entailed from a Neo-Confucian reinterpretation of the cultivation theory advanced in “Yueji”, while discussions on the components of music, such as sound and pitch, can be understood as a counterargument that reinforces the status of the king.
A Study on Seong Ho Lee Ik’s Kuapienlun(卦變論): Including the Origin and the Transfiguration by the Younger Scholars
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, KIM In-cheol
Published: July 2022

This thesis explores the characteristics contained in Seong Ho (星湖) Lee Ik(李瀷)’s Kuapienlun(卦變論) and its historical significance. Lee Ik used the views of Cheng I (程頤) and Chu Hsi (朱熹) as the main source in forming his Kuapienlun. In particular, Lee Ik's theory is rooted in Cheng-i's Kuapienlun, which is based on the logic of the parent-six-children kua (父母六子卦) in the dimension of trigram due to ｢Shuo Kua Chuan(說卦傳)｣, and converted it to something that can also be used for the hexagram. In addition, by expanding the scope of application to the entire sixty four kua and categorizing the sixty four kua into eight categories, a schematic comparable to Chu Hsi's ｢Kuapientu(卦變圖)｣was attempted. Although he did not adopt the practical method of mutual exchange between bihyo(比爻)s, Lee ik positively accepted Chu Hsi's view of categorizing sixty four kua as ｢Kuapientu｣. From that point of view, Lee Ik(李瀷)’s Kuapienlun, which had been rooted in Cheng-i's Kuapienlun, which is based on the dimension of trigram, but it was converted into the hexagram and expanded to all sixty four kua, thereby integrating the Chu Hsi's Kuapienlun.
Such an integrative aspect, which is also the historical significance of Lee Ik’s Kuapienlun, is inherited and transformed by later scholars such as Sin Hu-dam and Lee Byeong-Hyu. Since Sin Hu-dam already had an opportunity to understand Cheng I’s Kuapienlun by converting it into the hexagram dimension at an early age, although some other interpretations focused on hsing(象) were stated, he actively sympathized and agreed with Seong-ho’s view. On the other hand, Lee Byung-Hyu maintains the theoretical purity of Cheng I's Kuapienlun, and shows a change in reducing the scope of application of Kuapien by emphasizing the sign and the image of exchange. However, in view of the academic spirit of Lee Ik that emphasized skepticism and self-acquirement, this can also be regarded as a positive aspect achieved in the field of Kuapienlun.
The Study on Song Si-yiol’s the Theory of Chunqiu
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, LEE Hae-im
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the characteristics of Song Si-yeol's theory of Chunqiu, which inherited the great unity of the 'Gongyangzhuan'. At the time of Song Si-yeol, the Joseon Dynasty was humiliated by the Qing along with the collapse of the Ming Dynasty, and there were a lot of people who protested against the Neo-Confucianism after a war with the Qing. From this, Song Si-yeol declares that Joseon is civilized, that is, a civilized country in terms of region, tribe, and culture through the thought of great unity in 'Gongyangzhuan'. Since Qizi came to the east, Joseon has a close relationship with China in terms of tribe. In addition, Song Si-yeol asserts the great unity of the Confucian succession that leads to Confucius and Zhuzi through Jeong Mong-ju, based on the idea of respecting the Zhou. In terms of culture, this is to realize the great unity that even the Confucian scholars of Ming and Qing could not achieve it. From a regional point, it can be said that the conquest of the Qing Dynasty is an element of the great unity. In particular, Song Si-yeol pursues the conquest of the Qing Dynasty based on the politics of the true king. This is a different point of view from those who claimed the conquest of the Qing Dynasty by considering the logic or situation of the power at the time. And Song Si-yeol's theory of conquest of the Qing dynasty not only considers the lives of the people, but also seeks harmony between the ruler and the servants, and between the servants and the servants. Therefore, it can be said that Song Si-yeol's thought of Chunqiu is the idea of great unity that pursues the reconstruction of Joseon centered on the politics of the true king.
The Study on Misu Heo-Mok(眉叟 許穆)’s Hermeneutics of Shihjing
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, CHA Young-ik
Published: July 2022

In the 17th century, when Heo Mok lived, was a time when a new order was urgently needed. After the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, the economic life of the people became impoverished, and the social order was also confused. Based on this theoretical basis, the 17th century can be said to be the stage of Bungdang politics(朋黨政治) in which political issues are applied to practical problems based on the theory of each school. On the other hand, Neo-Confucianism did not play a proper role in overcoming the problems of reality that were impoverished in society as a whole through the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 and the Byeongja War in 1636. Therefore, it was a time when the debate and confrontation intensified between Seoin-line(西人系) scholars who wanted to solve real problems by further developing the logic of Confucianism and Namin-line(南人系) scholars who opposed it and tried to solve social problems with their own theories. In this historical background, Heo Mok was in charge of one of the pillars of the Yesong thesis(禮訟論爭).
Heo Mok saw Yukgyeong as a coherent system and tried to solve the problems of Joseon at that time. he tried to find the original meaning of Confucius Confucianism. Therefore, he tried to restore the principles of Joseon's reign at the time, paying attention to the function of satire that emphasized the interpretation of the model, although he followed the poetry collection, which was the interpretation of Ju-hee. On the other hand, in terms of nature and emotion, he tried to inherit the Neo-Confucian system of neisheng-waiwang 內聖外王(inner-sageness and outer- kingliness) by accepting Ju-hee's theory of nature and emotion as it is.
King Jeongjo’s Understanding and Political Application of Chunchu(『春秋』)
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, LEE Kyungku
Published: July 2022

King Jeongjo’s understanding and political application of Chunchu are one of the keys of explaining the relationship between Confucian Classics and politics during his reign. He spent his life studying Chunchu-Jwajeon and published a new edited version. He thought it was very important to reveal the Great Righteousness between the lines of Chunchu planted by Confucius. Having grasped the true meaning of Confucius, the monarch could proclaim new political principles according to his situation. As it was the realization of the principle of moderation, the monarch strengthened his dignity as a spokesman of justice. Based on this, the monarch was able to actively coordinate violent convictions and overheated political battles against his relatives. However, his argument did not become common to the ruling class. Although King Jeongjo rationalized the lenient disposition based on the monarch's interpretation of Chunchu and Myeonguirok, it was common for his subjects to raise other interpretations and oppose his disposition. Finally, King Jeongjo admitted his righteousness as it was, and the arguments of his subjects were also appropriate, so he developed a theory that accepted various views over righteousness.
SPILLOVER AND QUANTITATIVE LINK BETWEEN CRYPTOCURRENCY SHOCKS AND STOCK RETURNS: NEW EVIDENCE FROM G7 COUNTRIES
Authors:   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Horta Nicole , Dias Rui ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal; CEFAGE-UE, IIFA, University of Évora, Portugal, Revez Catarina ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Heliodoro Paula ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Alexandre Paulo ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal
Published: July 2022

The objective of this article is to analyze the co-movements in the G7 stock markets, such as DJ index, S&P500 (representing the USA stock market), FTSE 100 (United Kingdom), S&P/TSX (Canada), DAX 30 (Germany), CAC 40 (France), Nikkei 225 (Japan), Italy Ds market (Italy) and the cryptocurrencies Bitcoin (BTC), Litecoin (LTC), Ethereum (ETH) and Crypto 10, during the period of February of 2018 to November of 2021. The results show that the cryptocurrencies BTC, ETH, and LTC increase the co-movements between their pairs, while the Crypto 10 index reduces the number of shocks when compared with the sub-period before COVID-19. Regarding the stock markets, DJ index kept the same level of shocks, whereas the Nikkei 225 decreased. For Germany (DAX), EUA (S&P500), Canada (S&P/TSX), United Kingdom (FTSE 100), France (CAC40), and Italy (Italy Ds Market) markets the results show an increase in movements during the global pandemic period. It is then possible to conclude the existence of evidence regarding synchronization and high co-movements, the results put at risk the implementation of efficient portfolio diversification strategies. These conclusions also open space for the market regulators to take steps to ensure better information on the dynamics of the international financial markets.
CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE AS A FACTOR FOR THE ACTIVIZATION OF THEIR LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
Authors: Havryliuk Svitlana
Published: July 2022

The article reveals the meaning of such concepts as “leadership qualities” and “creativity”, and defines the relationship between them in preschool-age children. Modern theoretical approaches to the problem of creativity development are presented, the connection between leadership qualities and creativity development of preschool-age children is analyzed. Factors influencing the development of leadership qualities of preschoolers such as family upbringing, age, and individual development, as well as features of children’s relationships in the immediate social environment (family, preschool, socio-cultural environment, etc.) are identified. The author emphasizes the importance of forming leadership qualities of the preschooler, namely such as responsibility; activeness; energy; persistence; demandingness; independence in performing the assigned task; communicativeness; organization; confidence; observation; initiative, creative approach to work. Emphasis is placed on the active support of leadership manifestations of preschool-age children in various types of creative activities: artistic, game, and creative.Thus, the author emphasizes that while communicating with children it is necessary to psychologically support them, i.e. to show optimism, encourage any manifestations of imagination, cultivate independence from an early age, stimulate children’s creativity, decision-making, and responsibility, rely on strong aspects of the character of a learner, create a situation of success, always take into account the opinion of the child, and show interest to the learner’s problems.The socio-pedagogical conditions necessary for the formation of leadership qualities of each learner are determined: taking into account the individual characteristics of the development of preschoolers and the level of formation of their creative and leadership qualities; purposeful formation of leadership qualities of preschool-age children in various types of creative activities (game, theatric, art and aesthetic); creating a favorable developmental environment by the means of enriching the educational space with a variety of cognitive information for the formation of children’s perception; development of communicative abilities, creative thinking, imagination, worldview, emotional and value sphere of preschool children; creating a situation for the child to succeed in various creative manifestations; formation of individual style of activity, high self-esteem of children, which stimulates them to actively take a part in creative activity.

Keywords: childhood; preschool age; creativity; leader; leadership qualities; leadership role; creative potential; creative thinking; game activity; pedagogical support of the development of leadership qualities of learners.
Hyperbaric Oxygenation in the Muilimodality Therapy of COVID-19-Associated Emotional Burnout in Physicians
Authors:   Moscow Research and Practice Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine (a State Autonomous Healthcare Institution), Moscow City Department of Health, Kukshina A.A. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Kotelnikova A.V. ,   Moscow Research and Practice Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine (a State Autonomous Healthcare Institution), Moscow City Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Turova E.A. ,   Moscow Research and Practice Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine (a State Autonomous Healthcare Institution), Moscow City Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Schikota A.M. ,   Moscow Research and Practice Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine (a State Autonomous Healthcare Institution), Moscow City Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Tagirova D.I. ,   Moscow Research and Practice Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine (a State Autonomous Healthcare Institution), Moscow City Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Study Objective: To assess the efficacy of adding hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in Oxysys 4500 oxygen cabinet to a set of rehabilitative measures in healthcare professionals with emotional burnout syndrome (EBS). Study Design: Open-label prospective randomized comparative cohort study. Materials and Methods. We have examined 79 healthcare professionals who experienced stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have studied changes in the psychoemotional state of subjects during rehabilitation that included HBO procedures in Oxysys 4500. We used Beck’s depression test, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and methods for professional burnout diagnostics developed by C. Maslach and S. Jackson. Study Results. EBS and psychoemotional consequences of the stress were observed in two-thirds of respondents, predominantly in young persons, and were more often (р ≤ 0,05) recorded in subjects who did not have COVID-19. The contribution of the stress and state anxiety in the formation of EBS symptoms allows making them a target for psychoemotional stabilisation and elimination of consequences of the occupational stress. Addition of HBO sessions to the therapy resulted in reduction in depression and reduced state anxiety. Conclusion. The high efficacy of HBO addition to rehabilitation of healthcare professionals with EBS has been demonstrated. Keywords: emotional burnout syndrome, hyperbaric oxygenation, COVID-19.
Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum): A Potent Adaptogen
Authors: Srivastava Arun Kumar
Published: July 2022

Tulsi or holy basil is a dedicated plant of India. It is a pungent plant in the family Lamiaceae which is mother to the Indian subcontinent and widespread as a cultivated plant throughout the Southeast Asian tropics. Tulsi is considered to be an adaptogen, balancing different processes in the body, and helpful for adapting to stress. Tulsi, one with a purple‑colored leaf or dark variety, commonly known as the Shyama or Krishna Tulsi and the second type with a green‑colored leaf or light variety known as Rama Tulsi or Sri Tulsi. The chemical composition of Tulsi is highly complex, containing many nutrients and other biologically active compounds. Tulsi also helps to check cancers caused by toxic compounds by reducing DNA damage. Tulsi has also been shown to boost defenses against infective threats by intensify immune responses in non-stressed and stressed animals and healthy humans. The O. sanctum fixed oil elongate clotting time, response being similar to aspirin. Basil juice is an effective medicament for sore eyes and night-blindness, which is generally caused by deficiency of vitamin A
Postnatal Variation in Microbiota Compositional Dynamics of Infants of Cesarean versus Vaginal mode of Delivery
Authors: Rehman Khurram
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Human microbial communities’ influences human physiology but, how they attain unique taxonomical and functional signatures within each body is still underexplored. Many studies have characterized that shape and composition of infant’s microbiome is substantially dependent upon the delivery mode at birth. The epidemiological data have shown C-section delivered babies are failed to exposed to maternal vaginal microbiota so they develop altered bacterial communities or microbiome that increases the risk of metabolic disorders later in life. The microbiota composition of C-section delivered babies is quick different from the infants deliver vaginally which expose to vaginal fluid during birth. C-section delivered babies acquire different microbiota from vaginally delivered infants as they exposing to vaginal fluid during birth. Following this, various postnatal factors are involving in the modulation of infant's microbiome composition such as exposure of different environmental conditions, antibiotic intake, diet, genetics and body sites that negatively influences the infant’s immune system. Objectives: In this review, it is intended to describe the variation in shape and composition of microbiome of vaginally and cesarean delivered babies and how microbiome's composition and immune system development is affected by various postnatal factors. In this study, homeostatic aspects of Cesarean delivered babies are also being discussed as it is also affected by the postnatal microbiome-mediated pathogen, variation in gut, oral and body sites bacterial communities. Conclusion: We concluded that cesarean delivered children showed significantly immune deficiencies which make them more prone to various disorders such as arthritis, asthma, allergic diseases, connective tissues diseases, leukemia and inflammatory bowel syndrome. These finding are highlighting the importance of shape and composition of microbiome in early-life.
Herbal Use and Perceptions among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Kuwait
Authors: El Bayoumy Ibrahim
Published: July 2022

Herbal medicine has become a popular treatment among patients with chronic diseases worldwide. Many patients with diabetes mellitus use herbal medicine without consulting their health professionals.The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, pattern of use, and perceptions in type 2 diabetes patients using herbal medicine. It was conducted between 1st January 2019 and end of June 2019 diabetes clinic in Farwaniya Hospital in Kuwait.In this cross sectional, quantitative, 350 patients were asked to complete questionnaire administered by nurses.The study found that 30.6% of sample used herbal medicine-women more men. Black cumin (habba soda) i.e Nigella Sativa was the most common herb used by diabetic patients The study revealed that 70% of herbal medicine users had poor glycemic control (HbA1c>7%). Diabetic complications were greater in herbal users than in those receiving conventional therapy. The study also showed that 95.3% of herbal medicine users did not inform their treating doctors.Our conclusion was that herbal medicine users needed to increase their awareness and education about the risks and complications of herbal medicine.
Traditional-And-Black-Ginger-Biomedicines (Tabgbm)’ May Be Act as ‘Notable-Universal-Preventive-Emergency-Vaccine (Nupev)’ Against 'Future-A to Z-Diseases (Fazd)’ Enriched ‘Clinical-Case-Reports-Medical-Science-Technology-Communication-Research-Innov
Authors: Datta Subhas Chandra
Published: July 2022

Recently, COVID-19 caused mainly by the fast-spreading as compared with primary infections of new variant 'Omicron-SARS-CoV-2, the blind-spots, may have killed nearly 3 million only in India, and the whole world, opening a new chapter that has impacted our lives, and the highest number of Covid-19 deaths due to lack of vaccines gasping for air now. So, it is urgently needed the ‘Universal-Preventive-Emergency-Vaccine for All’ to tackle the awkward situation. Primarily, it has been already observed that the Ginger-MT-biomedicines, prepared from the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), at an extremely-ultra-low-doses, highly effective against coronavirus controlling-COVID-19, and other diseases by increasing natural immunity. Now the aims and objective of the present ‘Notable-Case-Reports (NCR)’ are to see, record, and confirm the efficacy of the ‘High-Diluted-Traditional-Ginger-MT-Biomedicines (HDTGMTBM)’, against naturally occurring coronavirus infections or re-infections of the different-COVID-19-areas of the Burdwan-Municipality, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, India. And to highlight novel and significant future aspects of the study with the ‘Black Ginger’, the rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora. As a result in the ‘New-Year-2022; “‘Traditional-And-Black-Ginger-Biomedicines (TABGBM)’ May Be Act As ‘Notable-Universal-Preventive-Emergenc Vaccine (NUPEV)’ Against 'Future-A to Z-Diseases (FAZD)’ Enriched ‘Clinical-Case-Reports-Medical-Science-Technology-Communication-Research-Innovation-Global-Health-Ecology-Application (CCRMSTCRIGHEA)”. And in near future, both the Ginger MT-Biomedicines may easily tackle many diseases and complications. I will be ‘NUPEV’ due to medicines formulations, very-low-toxicity, potential efficacy, and different phytochemicals, eco-friendly-side-effects-free, cost-effective, easily prepare-able, easily available, easily-manufacture-able, easily-equitable, easily-marketable and easily-supply-able, etc. And in the future, it will be ‘Policy Initiative Potentially Life-Saving 'Future-A to Z-Vaccine for All’.
A Review on Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Cataract Formation
Authors: Nisha Shaidaton
Published: July 2022

Major cause of blindness among diabetic patients is cataract both in developed and developing countries. Diabetic ocular complications are most common in both type-1 and type-2 diabetes, considering the fifth most common cause of legal blindness. This review aims to systematically evaluate the studies on occurrence of cataract formation among diabetic patients, types of cataract and its mechanisms of pathogenesis. According to WHO, cataract is 33% of all type of visual impairment. Prevalence of cataract increased with increasing age in both younger and older onset diabetic persons. Females had higher rates than males. The pathogenesis of diabetic cataract development is still not fully understood. Population-based studies have greatly increased our knowledge concerning the association between diabetes and cataract formation and have deﬁned risk factors for the development of cataract. Simply diabetic cataracts are characterized by cortical or posterior sub-capsular opacities. Aldose reductase and polyol are responsible for diabetes ocular complications. Mechanisms of diabetic cataractogenesis have been studied in less detail than those of other diabetic complications. Both animal and human studies support important contribution of increased aldose reductase activity. Several clinical studies investigated the role of phacoemulsification surgery and its post-surgery complications. Researchers are trying to develop aldose reductase inhibitors and antioxidants, may be effective treatment to prevent or cure diabetes cataract.
Essential Roles in Etiology and Prevention of Disabilities
Authors: Rezaei Basiri Majid
Published: July 2022

In this study 100 numbers disable persons and their files were evaluated. The most of them were metal retard.Some of them had congenital disability. Also some of them had disturbance in vocal and Hearing or vision. Hereby between of study group had seizure. Rarely of them were Down syndrome (trisomy 21) patient. However some of genetically disease such PKU (Phenyl ketone uria) and FMF (Familial Mediterranean fever) and major β thalassemia and hemophilia were reported.
Isolated but not alone: the response to the pandemic in the story of pags: from the italian case history to the global health summit “rome declaration”
Authors: Votta Mariano
Published: July 2022

Struggling with practical problems such as the sudden cancellation of scheduled visits and exams and a sense of abandonment and uncertainty. This is how the “ordinary” patients lived the period of the health emergency in Italy. At the same time, civic and rights protection associations, since the beginning, have been active with a sense of responsibility, creativity, and energy, often revealing themselves to be the only point of reference and the only service available to citizens. This is the double side of the coin, in the implications of the pandemic on chronic and rare patients, which emerged from the XVIII National Report on Chronic Policies of Cittadinanzattiva, presented on October 13th, 2020, and entitled: “Isolated but not alone: the response to the pandemic in the story of Patients Advocacy Groups (PAGs)” [1]. The Report arised from the story of 34 Italian associations of patients with chronic and rare diseases who adhered to the National Coalition of Associations for Patients suffering Chronic Diseases (CnAMC) [2] of Cittadinanzattiva [3]. This experience - thanks to Active Citizenship Network [4] - was first socialized on the occasion of the 15th European Patients' Rights Day held on May 5th & 6th, 2021 [5], and then brought to the attention of the leaders of the G20 and other states, gathered together with the heads of international and regional organizations on the occasion of the Global Health Summit held in Rome on May 21, 2021 [6].
Neuromyelitis Optica and Differential Diagnosis (mimics)
Authors: Ekladious Adel
Published: July 2022

Neuromyelitis Optica is an inflammatory neurodegenerative demyelinating autoimmune channelopathy affecting brain and spinal cord, for which Aquaporin-4(AQP4) water channels are the main target. Discovery of the AQP4 immunoglobulin (IGG) antibody in 2004 was a major step for understanding the disease which helped to distinguish from multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. Aquaporin -4 (AQP4) is a water channel protein expressed in two major isoforms which includes a short isoform M1 and a isoform M23 , AQP4 is expressed heavily on astrocyte endfeet end process at blood brain barrier, nodes of Ranvier and neuronal synapses processes in spinal cord, optic nerves , brain stem, thalamus ,hypothalamus, dorsal medulla at area postrema, diencephalon, subcortical white matter, gray and white matter in spinal cord, periaqueductal and periventricular region.
The Importance of the Respiratory Physical Exam: A Case Report
Authors: E. Jaqua Ecler
Published: July 2022

A 34-year-old male with a history of quadriplegia following a spinal cord injury presented to the clinic endorsing persistent dry cough and mild chest pain for the past three weeks. The patient appeared comfortable, in no acute distress, and with stable vital signs during the visit. His physical exam was unremarkableexcept for no air movement in the right lung. An urgent in-house chest X-ray showed a large pneumothorax with a small layering fluid component and near-complete right lung collapse. The physical exam has been the cornerstone of medical practice since its inception. This tradition has been passed down from physician educators to learners for centuries. Our case is unique because patients with severe pneumothorax usually exhibit urgent symptoms, such as respiratory distress and desaturations at presentation. However, our patient presented with only mild non-specific symptoms and did not have significant risk factors.Therefore, performing a thorough physical exam is essential to help uncover life-threatening pathologies even in patients with no severe symptoms.
METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS OF THE SERIES P-2 GLASS SLABS DURABILITY TEST
Authors:   National University «Lviv Polytechnic», Hula V.О. , Demchyna B.H. ,   National University «Lviv Polytechnic»
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of glass plates of series P-2 for durability, which were made of float glass sheets, the methodology of experimental studies of glass plates for durability, as well as the design of the test facility. The analysis of literature sources on the subject made it possible to study the main factors of application of glass slabs as load-bearing structures. Glass is characterized by high strength, but glass structures are not widely used because of the possibility of their sudden brittle fracture and the lack of reliable calculation methods. The strength and reliability of glass structures depend on the type and strength of glass, manufacturing technology, the magnitude of external load and the duration of its action. Glass structures are characterized by the phenomenon of rheology and sudden brittle fracture, so the study of their durability, at different levels of external static load will ensure their reliable operation for the required time. Durability of a structure is the time from the beginning of static load action, which does not exceed the destructive load, with its further endurance until the destruction of the structure. For experimental studies of the durability of glass slabs, there was a need to create a research technique to ensure the stability of the external static load during the entire experiment with the possibility to record the growth of the deflection of the glass slab, the time and the nature of the failure up to the very moment of their sudden brittle failure. The paper describes the methodology and presents the initial results of the experimental study of glass beam slabs for durability. The slabs were hinged to two supports and operated as a single-span beam under a steady static load. Based on the experimental data obtained on the fracture of glass slabs during the action of a steady static load, we can try to predict their durability.
DEGRADATING CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING STRUCTURES AND LONG-TERM STRUCTURES
Authors:   Lviv National University of Nature Management, Luchko J. , Nazarevich B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Коvalchuk V. ,   Lviv Institute of the Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology
Published: July 2022

The problems of degradation of concrete and reinforced concrete constructions of buildings and constructions of long operation are formulated on the basis of the performed field researches and its urgency is noted in the work. The authors analyzed a number of works on this problem. In particular, the results of technical diagnostics of many buildings and structures, both newly built and long-term operation, are described. The necessity of periodic technical diagnostics is noted. Based on these studies, the main factors that significantly affect the reduction of load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures are summarized and found that they are as follows: design errors, defects and shortcomings of construction and operational shortcomings of buildings and structures. Also, using modern technologies and materials, the authors identified the benefits of their use for repair and restoration of concrete and reinforced concrete structures at a number of long-term facilities. Relevant conclusions have been formulated on research and repair works. It is established that to prevent loss of load-bearing capacity of structures for long-term operation it is necessary to study the degradation and residual life of load-bearing capacity of structures, their reliability and durability, which were exposed to aggressive air, soil and water. It is established that the reason for the decrease in the strength of concrete beams, which were operated in an aggressive environment, was the error in the design of corrosion protection of structures. Reinforcement and injection filling of dry cracks, crevices and hidden cavities and stratifications and other corrosion damage of beams and slabs with the use of fluid polyurethane compositions, which allowed to extend the service life of structures. It is established that the use of the Polymer Cement Concrete system with the use of glued composite materials ensured the further normal operation of the monolithic reinforced concrete floor of the technical floor of the residential building. Recommendations for the sequence of operations in the repair of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures of long-term operation.
ORGANIZATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT ECOLOGICAL SETTLEMENTS WITH PREFABRICATED MODULAR BUILDINGS FOR TEMPORARY AND LONG-TERM LIVES OF LIVING, IN CONNECTION WITH THE WAR IN UKRAINE
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Selikhova Y.V.
Published: July 2022

The cities of Ukraine are our pride! It was the envy of prominent Ukrainian cities that provoked the aggressor's attack on our native lands. It should be noted that most Russian cities, which are more remote, cannot be proud of their amenities: there is no sewerage or water supply, unpaved streets quickly turn into swamps of sticky dirt. On the 24th of February 2022, the war began, and Russian Federation attacked Ukraine on all sides of the common border, from Luhansk to Chernihiv. The enemy army fired artillery at Ukrainian border posts. Hometown Kharkiv is a city in the northeast, the first capital, the scientific center of Ukraine, subjected to massive bombing. Every day the occupiers purposefully destroy more and more civilian infrastructure, because of which the evacuation began. The news notes that in the first days of the war, every day about 30,000 people go from the Kharkiv railway station to safe places, to the west of the country and abroad. That is why the article considers the best ways to develop the territories of the western part of the country, through the organization of energy-efficient ecological settlements with prefabricated modular buildings for temporary and long-term residence of people who lost their homes because of the war. In the formation of energy-efficient ecological settlements, the main basic aspects are laid down, including: minimization of impacts on the existing natural environment, use of processes on the way to improving urban planning, implementation of rational spatial solutions, ensuring resilience of settlements to disasters and war, application renewable energy sources (use does not lead to additional heating of the atmosphere, so this energy is waste-free and does not pollute the atmosphere), ensuring efficient water supply and rational use, development of underground space and conservation of natural areas. innovative living space, with the necessary, comfortable conditions that will serve for the development of new territories and for the revival of destroyed territories because of the war.
Museum Times: Changing Histories in South Africa
Authors: Witz Leslie
Published: July 2022

Museums flourished in post-apartheid South Africa. In older museums, there were renovations on the go, and at least fifty new museums opened. Most sought to depict violence and suffering under apartheid and the growth of resistance. These unlikely journeys are tracked as museums became a primary setting for contesting histories. From the renowned Robben Island Museum to the almost unknown Lwandle Migrant Labour Museum, the author demonstrates how an institution concerned with the conservation of the past is simultaneously a site for changing history.