bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Mass Transport Properties of Poly(Ε-Caprolactone) Membranes for Tissue Engineering Bioreactors
Authors: Diban Nazely , Gomez-Ruiz Beatriz , Lázaro-Díez Maria , Ramos-Vivas Jose , Ortiz Inmaculada , Urtiaga Ane
Published: July 2018

High porosity and mass transport properties of microfiltration polymeric membranes benefits nutrients supply to cells when used as scaffolds in interstitial perfusion bioreactors for tissue engineering. High nutrients transport is assumed when pore size and porosity of the membrane are in the micrometric range. The present work demonstrates that the study of membrane fouling by proteins present in the culture medium, though not done usually, should be included in the routine testing of new polymer membranes for this intended application. Two poly(ε-caprolactone) microfiltration membranes presenting similar average pore size (~0.7µm) and porosity (>80%) but different external surface porosity and pore size have been selected as case study. The present work demonstrates that a membrane with lower surface pore abundance and smaller external pore size (~0.67 µm), combined with adequate hydrodynamics and tangential flow filtration mode is usually more convenient to guarantee high flux of nutrients. On the contrary, having large external pore size (~1.70µm) and surface porosity would incur in important internal protein fouling that could not been prevented with the operation mode and hydrodynamics of the perfusion system. Additionally, the use of glycerol in the drying protocols of the membranes might cause plasticization and a consequent reduction of mass transport properties due to membrane compaction by the pressure exerted to force perfusion. Therefore, preferentially, drying protocols that omit the use of plasticizing agents are recommended.
Real-time digital signal recovery for a low-pass transfer function system with multiple complex poles
Authors: Lee Jhinhwan
Published: July 2018

In order to solve the problems of waveform distortion and signal delay by many physical and electrical systems with linear low-pass transfer characteristics with multiple complex poles, a general digital-signal-processing (DSP)-based method of real-time recovery of the original source waveform from the distorted output waveform is proposed. From the convolution kernel representation of a multiple-pole low-pass transfer function with an arbitrary denominator polynomial with real valued coefficients, it is shown that the source waveform can be accurately recovered in real time using a particular moving average algorithm with real-valued DSP computations only, even though some or all of the poles are complex. The proposed digital signal recovery method is DC-accurate and unaffected by initial conditions, transient signals, and resonant amplitude enhancement. The noise characteristics of the data recovery shows inverse of the low-pass filter characteristics. This method can be applied to most sensors and amplifiers operating close to their frequency response limits or around their resonance frequencies to accurately deconvolute the multiple-pole characteristics and to improve the overall performances of data acquisition systems and digital feedback control systems.
Monitoring Cotton (Gossypium sps.) Crop Condition through Synergy of Optical and Radar Remote Sensing
Authors: Haldar Dipanwita , Tripathy Rojalin , Dave Viral , Dave Rucha , Bhattacharya Bimal , Misra Arundhati
Published: July 2018

Morphological parameters like cotton height, branches, Leaf Area Index and biomass are mainly affected by the vegetation water content (VWC). Periodical assessment of the VWC and crop parameters is required for timely management of the crop for maximizing yield. The study aimed at using both optical and microwave remotely sensed data to assess cotton crop condition based on the above mentioned traits. Vegetation indices (VI) derived from ground based measurements (5 narrow band and 2 broad band VIs) as well as satellite derived reflectance (2 broad band VIs) were assessed. Regression models were derived for estimating LAI, biomass and plant water content using the ground based indices and applied to the satellite derived spectral index (from LISS-III) map to estimate the respective parameters. HH and HV polarization from RISAT-1 were used to derive Radar Vegetation Index (RVI). The coefficient of determination of the model for estimating LAI, biomass and vegetation water content of cotton with optical vegetation index as input parameter were found to be 0.42, 0.51 and 0.52, respectively. The correlation between RVI and plant height, date of planting in terms of the age of the crop and vegetation water content were found to range between 0.4 to 0.6. The fresh biomass from RVI showed spatial variability from 100 gm-2 to 4000 gm-2 while the dry biomass map derived from NDVI showed spatial variability of 50 to 950 g m-2 for the study area. Plant water content in the district varied from 65 to 85%. The correlation between optical vegetation index and RVI was not significant. Hence a multiple linear regression model using both optical index (NDVI and LSWI) and SAR index (RVI) was developed to assess the LAI, biomass and plant water content. The model showed a R2 of 0.5 for LAI estimation but not significant for biomass and water content. This study show cased the use of combined optical and microwave (C band) remote sensing for cotton condition assessment.
Electrodeposition of two-dimensional Pt nanostructures on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG): the effect of evolved hydrogen and chloride ions
Authors: Alpuche-Aviles Mario A. , Farina Filippo , Ercolano Giorgio , Subedi Pradeep , Cavaliere Sara , Jones Deborah J , Rozière Jacques
Published: July 2018

We discuss the electrodeposition of two-dimensional (2D) Pt-nanostructures on HOPG achieved under constant applied potential versus a Pt counter electrode (Eappl = ca. - 2.2 V vs RHE). The deposition conditions are discussed in terms of the electrochemical behavior of the electrodeposition precursor (H2PtCl6). We performed cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the electrochemical Pt deposit on HOPG and on Pt substrates to study the relevant phenomena that affect the morphology of Pt deposition. Under conditions where the Pt deposition occurs and H2 evolution is occurring at the diffusion-limited rate (- 0.3 V vs RHE), Pt forms larger structures on the surface of HOPG, and the electrodeposition of Pt is not limited by diffusion. This indicates the need for large overpotentials to direct the 2D growth of Pt. Investigation of the possible effect of Cl- showed that Cl- deposits on the surface of Pt at low overpotentials, but strips from the surface at potentials more positive than the electrodeposition potential. The CV of Pt on HOPG is a strong function of the nature of the surface. We propose that during immersion of HOPG in the electrodeposition solution (3 mM H2PtCl6, 0.5 M NaCl, pH 2.3) Pt islands are formed spontaneously, and these islands drive the growth of the 2D nanostructures.
Supplementation of Follicle Stimulating Hormon Into In vitro Maturation Medium to Increase Oocytes Maturation and 4 Cell Stadium Embryo Development of Bligon Goat
Authors: Achadri Yanuar , Bintara Sigit , Widayati Diah Tri
Published: July 2018

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of follicle stimulating hormon (FSH) into in vitro maturation medium to increase oocytes maturation and 4 cell stadium embryo development of Bligon goat. Goat ovaries were obtained from a slaughterhouse and transported to the laboratory in a flask of NaCl at temperature of 31 – 34°C. Oocytes were aspirated from 2 – 6 mm of follicles into a 3 mL syringe (23G needle) that contained Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline. Oocytes were divided into three groups, i.e tissue culture medium (TCM) with FSH supplementation 0, 50, and 100 IU/mL. Oocytes were put into those medium and incubated on 39°C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity for 24 hours. Matured oocytes were fertilized with capacitated frozen thawed-semen and incubated on 39°C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity for 5 hours. Fertilized oocytes were washed for 3 times in TCM and incubated in the same condition for embryo culture. The data of FSH supplementation and embryo development were analyzed using randomized completely one way classification. The results showed that the percentages of mature oocytes from FSH supplementation 0, 50, and 100 IU/mL were 70,48±23,22, 78,48±15,80, and 80,29±12,86%, respectively. Cleavage rate of the two cells stage were 36,00±14,22, 44,00±33,94, and 57,45±31,78%, respectively, and for the 4 cells stage were 27,33±22,04, 35,33±40,73, and 39,45±20,38%. It is concluded that supplementation of FSH in the maturation medium could not increase the percentages of in vitro maturation and embryo development.
The Use of Glutaraldehyde Tanning Materials for Goat Skin Tanning
Authors: Rachmawati Laili , Anggriyani Emiliana
Published: July 2018

Tanning process using free chromed material is needed to reduce toxic content in leather. The aims of this study is to increase byproducts of livestock by goat skin tanning with free chrome tanning materials. This study used glutaraldehyde as tanning materials. Goat skins were tanned become upholstery leather, and then physical quality was determined. The materials of this study were pickle goat skin. Physical testing conducted in Balai Besar Kulit, Karet dan Plastik (BBKKP) Yogyakarta. The results were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 17.0 for Windows. Statistical analysis showed that the value of tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, sewing strength, scrub resistance of paint to dry and wet were 166.025 ± 72.315 kg/cm²; 69.910 ± 9.107%; 26.785 ± 6.031 N/cm; 115.120 ± 18.681 kg/cm; 0.775 ± 0.353; 0.775 ± 0.353 respectively. This study showed that the physical quality of upholstery leather which tanned using free chrome tanning materials have the physical qualities that met with SNI standard for leather upholstery.
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Malondialdehyde Concentration on Broiler Fed Contain Lauric Acid and Areca vestiaria Giseke
Authors: Londok Jola Josephien Mariane Roosje , Sumiati Sumiati , Wiryawan I Komang Gede , Manalu Wasmen
Published: July 2018

The objective of the study was to determine antioxidant enzyme activity and concentration of malondialdehyde on broiler which consumed feed containing lauric acid and natural antioxidant from Areca vestiaria Giseke. The study used 240 day-old chicks of Lohmann MB 202 P strain placed randomly at 24 experimental cage units (10 chickens each) of the litter system. The average temperature of the cage at the study was 25.80 to 32.080 C with relative air humidity rate of 67.69 to 86.20%. The research method followed a Factorial Completely Randomized Design 2 x 4 with 3 replications. The first factor was the source of lauric acid in feed, i.e. conventional coconut oil (CO) and pure lauric acid (LA). The second factor was the source of antioxidant in the form of dosage of Areca vestiaria (AV) and vitamin E supplementation (TF) with four levels of AV, ie 0, 625 mg.kg-1, 1250 mg.kg-1, and TF at a dose of 200 mg .kg-1 feed. Feed and drinking water were given ad libitum. Meat sampling to measure SOD, catalase and MDA was taken at the end of the study by first chickens were fasted for ± 8 hours (overnight). The sample used was right breast meat of experimental male chicken. The data were average from three experimental chickens. The data obtained were analyzed for the variant with the general linear model on MINITAB (version 16), then tested the differences between treatments using Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD). The results showed that the source of laurate had a significant effect on SOD, catalase, and MDA, while antioxidant concentration significantly decreased SOD and MDA compared with control. The interaction between lauric sources and antioxidant concentrations affected catalase and MDA. The use of coconut oil as much as 3% and antioxidant supplementation of Areca vestiaria Giseke in feed at a dose of 1250 mg kg-1 could decrease lipid oxidation product of meat to produce a healthy food product.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC-AND-TECHNICAL INFORMATION IN AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF POWER UNITS WATTAGE
Authors: Kulakov G. T. , Artsiomenka K. I.
Published: July 2018

The production, transformation, transmission, distribution and consumption of electricity is one continuous process. The change of the load, i.e. the level of energy consumption, should cause a corresponding change in the level of generated energy. It means that the power system should be a balance of produced and consumed energy, taking into account technological cost of conversion, transmission and distribution. Otherwise, electric power quality indicators will be violated. For example, at infringement of balance of active power the frequency in the grid will have a value different from 50 Hz. One of the automatic devices on the lowest rung in the hierarchy of automatic dispatcher control system of frequency and power interchange is the system of automatic control of power units (SACPU). It is a comprehensive and complex device, which consists of several connected together simpler systems, governing all thermal power devices of a power unit. SACPU ought to regulate the active power of the unit and participate in primary frequency regulation in the network with a given accuracy and sensitivity; also, it ought to be adequately fast. At the same time, this device should be simple from the point of view of technical implementation, easy to use, allow one to maintain a high level of efficiency, reliability, durability and environmental performance of the units. To satisfy all these requirements (often conflicting) simultaneously, SACPU should have a certain structure, which depends on the composition and characteristics of heat power equipment of the power unit and on operating modes. The analysis of known SACPU have demonstrated that they are unable to fully provide the requirements of the modern standards for quality control of frequency and power, i.e. the SACPU models are still in need of structural and parametric optimization on the basis of the proximate methods developed at the Belarusian National Technical University.
THE USE OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SPECTRA OF SEQUENCES OF RADIO PULSES TO ENSURE HIGH SENSITIVITY OF THE TEST CONTROL WINDINGS OF ASYNCHRONOUS MOTORS
Authors: Sheinikov A. А. , Suchodolov Yu. V.
Published: July 2018

The analysis of existing methods of diagnostics test of the windings of asynchronous motors demonstrated that a large error of measurement of diagnostic parameters is due primarily to the instability of the measuring equipment. Sole increasing the sensitivity of the measuring instrument increases the probability of a false conclusion on the faulty winding and can only be used in conjunction with other methods of ensuring high signal-to-noise ratio. During the research fulfillment it was found out that direct way of suppressing uninformative spectral components and distortions caused by the instability of parameters of the testing signal is complex and most difficult to be implemented. Thus, more appropriate is the selection of individual characteristic frequency components of the signal, which has high sensitivity to change of informative parameter of the measuring signal (for example, the time delay between two periodic sequences of pulses) and low sensitivity to random deviations in the signal due to instability in the functioning of the elements of the measuring circuits (for example, to deviation of the phase of the signal). Moreover, adjusting the amplitude, repetition period, pulse duration and delay time pulse sequences it is possible to implement a mathematically justifiable control of the parameters of the spectrum (to move the position of the zeros of the amplitude spectrum, to change the amplitude of the spectral components). The use of the dynamics of the spectra by controlling their parameters will ensure a high sensitivity to change of the informative parameter of the measuring signal, characterizing the degree of development of defects in the windings of asynchronous motors.
THE USE OF THE ALGORITHM EVALUATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY OF CASTINGS TO ACCELERATE THE QUALITY OF THE VERIFICATION PROCESS OF GATING SYSTEMS DESIGNING
Authors: Odarchenko I. B. , Zharanov V. A.
Published: July 2018

The parameters were selected and the analysis of their compliance to assess the processing complexity of castings was made. A variant of the organization of process design for the castings of varying difficulty, defined on a set of proposed geometrical parameters was proposed.
SIMULATIONS OF DISTRIBUTIONS OF SHRINKAGE DEFECTS IN THE CASTING WITH THE PROFITS BASED ON THE NAVIER-STOKES AND FOURIER-KIRCHHOFF EQUATIONS
Authors: Chichko A. N. , Likhouzov S. G. , Sachek O. A. , Matyushinets T. V. , Jatskevich Yu. V. , Chichko O. I.
Published: July 2018

Numerical simulations of the process of obtaining a cast steel of bearing cases were performed for two options of technical processing. Three-dimensional motion dynamics ofsteel was calculated in the gate-casting system, three-dimensional temperature fields and densities in the process of casting were calculated as well. The possibilities of computer simulation were shown in order to find the best technical processing in the foundry production.
COMPREHENSIVE INDEX OF QUALITY OF ROLLED STEEL AND ITS APPLICATION
Authors: Steblov A. B.
Published: July 2018

The concept of an integrated indicator of quality of rolled metals, for example bearing steel 1.3520(EN), as a set of properties reflecting the quality of the profile geometry, surface defects, macro and microstructure and mechanical properties was considered. The qualitative evaluation of the achieved quality level, the calculation of the probability of occurrence of defects was made. The methodology of technology management on the basis of statistical relations of the studied quality indicators with parameters of industrial technologies in steelmaking and rolling shops was established.
THE MOVEMENT AND MIXING OF DISPERSED MATERIALS IN ROTARY FURNACES
Authors: Rovin S. L. , Rovin L. E. , Zharanov V. A. , Mazurov V. S.
Published: July 2018

This article describes motion and heat and mass transfer in the layer of dispersed material in a rotary furnace. Presents the results of a comprehensive study of these processes, including pilot studies, computer modeling and simulation, which allow to optimize the design and process parameters of rotary furnaces.
THE STUDY OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS OF NANODISPERSE MODIFIERS
Authors: Kalinin A. V. , Dudnikov A. S. , Kashenkova A. V.
Published: July 2018

The crystallographic parameters of dispersed and nanodispersed refractory compositions based on Ti, Al, Si, Mg were studied in the article. The nanocomposites were made by plasma chemical synthesis method. The specific surface area, grain size and phase analysis of nanocompositions were calculated. An analysis was made of the impurities effect on the properties of nanocompounds.
ASSESSMENT OF RANGES OF POSSIBLE CHANGE OF TEMPORARY RESISTANCE OF CAST IRON WITH LAMELLAR AND FLAKED GRAPHITE ON THEIR HARDNESS
Authors: Sandomirskii S. G.
Published: July 2018

The analysis of ranges of possible change of temporary resistance of sB of castings from ductile and gray cast iron is carried out. The analytical description of ranges of change of sВ depending on casting BH hardness is developed. It is shown that the range of change of sВ of pig-iron castings, wider in comparison with steel, with the measured hardness of BH is caused variations of forms and the amount of graphite inclusions at the considered classes of cast iron and influence of thickness of a wall of casting from gray cast iron on dependence of sВ (HB). The result is intended for determination of the guaranteed casting size sВ without her destruction, when there is no information on sВ of check test pieces.
THE INFLUENCE OF MORPHOLOGY OF DIAMOND SYNTHETIC MICROPOWDER ON QUALITY OF PROCESSING OF THE CHANNEL OF CARBIDE DRAWING DIES
Authors: Eltsova E. S. , Korshuk S. A. , Lazebnikova I. P. , Zaytseva M. V.
Published: July 2018

The influence of particle sizes and morphology of diamond synthetic micropowder of the ASM brand by a graininess 7/3 on quality of processing of carbide drawing dies is researched. The interrelation between a form of particles of diamond synthetic micropowder and their abrasive ability is established.
THE INFLUENCE OF MECHANICALLY ALLOYED MODIFYING MASTER LIGATURES ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF WELDED JOINTS
Authors: Lovshenko F. G. , Lovshenko G. F. , Khabibulin A. I.
Published: July 2018

Actual problem of modern welding production is the creation of electrodes for maximum performance and efficiency of the process whithin the required reliability and durability of the structure. A promising way to improve mechanical properties of the weld metal is the implementation of the mechanism of dispersion hardening. Reactionary mechanical alloying is an effective technology of obtaining nanocrystalline modifying ligatures and modifiers. The use of electrodes with an experimental coating containing a mechanically alloyed, composite ligature to resolve transcrystalline type of structure of the weld metal and reduce the grain size by 2.5–3.0 times (from # 8–9 to #11–12) reduces by 20–30% the threshold of cold brittleness and increase by 15– 25% of the mechanical properties of the weld metal.
APPLICABILITY OF THE RESULTS OF CERTIFICATION OF WORKPLACES ON WORKING CONDITIONS AT OJSC «BSW – MANAGEMENT COMPANY OF HOLDING «BMС»
Authors: Korotkevich I. V. , Pajkova E. P.
Published: July 2018

Urgency of carrying out certification of workplaces on working conditions at the enterprise. The purpose of certification. Functions of the Сertification Commission. The list of workplaces being approved as subject to certification. Guarantees provided to employees according to the results of certification of workplaces. Analysis of the results of certification of workplaces on working conditions. The use of assessment results.

The urgency of carrying out of certification of workplaces on working conditions and on the results of the certification, the employer determines the conditions of labour at a specific workplace, develops a plan of measures for their improvement. Only by results of certification it is possible to tell whether the right of the employee to old-age pension for work with special working conditions, additional leave for work with harmful and (or) hazardous working conditions, shorter working time, wages increased by establishing additional payments for work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, certification establishes the duties of the employer under occupational pension insurance for employee
WIRE BREAKAGE DURING WIRE DRAWING DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF SURFACE DEFECTS, INHERITED FROM WIRE ROD
Authors: Siarohina A. S.
Published: July 2018

The main causes of wire breakage during drawing are listed, the appearance signs and peculiarities of metallographic structure of destruction are described. The type and cause of the breakage could be identified on basis of this description. The transformation of defects in the drawing process is presented.
IR IMAGING AND VIBRATORY METHODS OF CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS OF THE EQUIPMENT AT OJSC «BSW – MANAGEMENT COMPANY OF HOLDING «BMC»
Authors: Shinkarev A. S. , Gapeenko E. V.
Published: July 2018

The article discusses the main methods of diagnostics of the equipment of OJSC «BSW – management company of holding «BMC». Presents results of diagnostics of various equipment with the description of the devices directly used for the diagnostic that can detect various defects of the equipment at the stage of their origination. Describes the advantages of these methods compared to other methods of control and diagnostics.
THE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF STEEL CAST PRODUCTS FOR SHUT-OFF VALVES BY CASTING ON LOST FOAM CASTING
Authors: Kalyuzhnyy P. B. , Krotyuk S. O. , Levchuk M. T.
Published: July 2018

The peculiarities of technological processes of obtaining steel castings of shut-off valves by lost foam casting are described. It is shown that the dimensional accuracy of the casting «Valve Body DN80» exceeds 7-th accuracy class; the surface quality, mechanical properties and chemical composition of the steel completely meet the customer requirements. The test procedure for leakproofness of shut-off valves castings is given.
THE USE OF ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF IMPLEMENTATION OF INVESTMENT PROJECT «ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION OF ROLLED BAR IRON WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL-SECTION WIRE ROLLING MILL» OJSC «BSW – MANAGEMENT COMPANY OF HOLDING «BMC»
Authors: Anelkin N. I. , Kirilenko O. M. , Marushkevich V. E. , Mozgov S. A.
Published: July 2018

This article reveals the main energy efficient solutions and innovations implemented in the framework of the investment project «Organization of production of rolled bar iron with the construction of small-section wire rolling mill» in the open joint stock company «Belarusian metallurgical works (BSW) – Management Company of Holding «Belarusian Metallurgical Company (BMC)». This project was included in the list of the most important projects for the creation of new enterprises and industries that are crucial for the innovative development of the Republic of Belarus. Supplier of technology and equipment for the project were made by the company Danieli & C. Officcine Meccaniche SpA (Italy). The modern and unique equipment used in this investment project allows to use more than 90% of fuel and energy resources (by using the heat recuperator of flue gases, heat recovery boiler, recuperative burners, etc.). Implementation of the project allowed to carry out the maximum processing of production and to receive new production with higher added value.
FORMATION OF NANOCRYSTAL STATE IN DETAILS OF CARBON STRUCURAL STEELS
Authors: Andrushevich A. A. , Aniskovich G. I. , Kantor P L. , Kuchuk D. V.
Published: July 2018

The conditions of formation of the nanocrystal state of the structure in carbon steels are considered in the article. The methods of research and experimental data on the microstructural structure of the strengthened parts of the working bodies of agricultural machinery made from carbon steels of the lowered hardenability are given. It is shown that pulsed quenching and low tempering provides of steel products with fragmented nanocrystal structure of the martensite. Fragmentation of martensite grains in carbon structural steels during heat treatment of parts significantly increases their mechanical characteristics.
INFLUENCE OF ADDITIONAL VIBRATION IMPACT ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION PROCEDURE
Authors: Kiselev M. G. , Labun E. I. , Liutsko P. S.
Published: July 2018

An experimental instrument complex which includes hardware for performing complex procedures using electrical shock massager frictional action was performed. The aim of the study was to influence the additional vibration effect on the efficiency of the procedure of electrostimulation.

In order to increase the efficiency of the procedure electrostimulation authors proposed to carry it out with using of massager shock-friction action. The changes of muscular indicator on different stimulation treatments was shown after a series of seven treatments .

Results of the processing of the experimental data and its subsequent analysis found that the use of the vibration exposure is accompanied by increase of load parameters in untrained volunteers. The increase in contact area due to decrease in the distance between the nozzle and the axis of rotation of the tumbler body surface, increases the electrical efficiency of the procedure.

On the basis of a generalized analysis of data reflecting the effect of inappropriate electrical stimulation, it was established that, in order to achieve the best results, oscillatory systems providing shock-friction mode of its interaction with the skin surface, in particular a shock-frictional massager, were used.
SYNTHESIS OF CAMSHAFT DRIVING MECHANISM IN ROLLER MOLDING INSTALLATION WITH COMBINED MOTION MODE ACCORDING TO ACCELERATION OF THIRD ORDER
Authors: Loveykin V. S. , Pochka K. I.
Published: July 2018

For the purpose of increase of reliability and durability of roller forming installation the combined mode of back and forth motion of the forming cart on acceleration of the third order is calculated. Kinematic characteristics of the forming cart at the combined back and forth motion mode on acceleration of the third order are calculated. The design of the drive of installation in a type of the cam mechanism is developed and the cam profile for providing the combined mode of back and forth motion of the forming cart is constructed. Use in installation of the specified driving mechanism leads to improvement of quality of a surface to the processed concrete mix, reduction of dynamic loadings in elements of the driving mechanism, to disappearance of excess destructive loads of a frame design and, respectively, to increase of reliability and durability of installation in general.
ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF RATIONAL CUTTING MODES WHILE USING HARD-ALLOY TOOL FOR SHAFT TURNING
Authors: Sheleg V. K. , Shaturov D. G. , Shaturov G. F.
Published: July 2018

Turning machining of such parts as shafts is considered as the most widely-spread method formanufacturing units, mechanisms and machinery. While doing so it is necessary to ensure high quality of shaft turning with the help of a hard-alloy tool (accuracy and roughness, stability and predictability of steel edge dimensional wear), maximum tool durability, resource of its service life and productivity. As it is known all these operational parameters of the tool depend very heavily on cutting speed. However absence of an analytical dependence for determination of optimum cutting speed value does not per permit to prescribe optimum operational modes at the stage of technology design process. The cutting tool can be subjected to mechanical, anrasive, adhesive, oxidation (chemical), thermal-fatigue and diffusion wear types depending on turning conditions. In this case wearing process consists of two wear types and one of them influences at a certain point on wearing process to a greater extent than the other one. Methodology for prescription of rational turning modes for medium and high cutting speeds ensuring maximum resource of the tool operation has been developed in the paper and it has been based on the analysis of the existing viewpoints about changes in the hard-alloy tool durability due to cutting speed while turning shafts. The range of cutting speed changes has been determined in the paper and it leads to an increase of the tool durability period and, correspondingly, turning productivity of 45 steel grade shafts while using the tool with T15K6-hard-alloy replaceable inserts.
OPTIMIZATION OF PRESERVATIVE FOR PROTECTION OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT OF HIGHWAYS
Authors: Pshembaev M. K. , Kovalev Ya. N.
Published: July 2018

Disadvantages of road concrete pavement quite well known professionals-standards. They were mainly low elasticity modulus asphaltic concrete, as well as a fairly rapid aging of asphalt concrete core component-bitumen. And, as a consequence, is relatively low durability of the coating, the need for frequent repair. To some extent, cement concrete cover signifi cantly outperform this index of asphalt, convinces experience roads of Germany, the United States and other countries. The correct structure of concrete, overall compliance technology laying concrete, comprehensive quality control production  work, sufficient technical personnel qualifications provide long defect-free work road re-coated. However, violations by manufacture of works or in the process of exploitation, particularly in the harsh conditions of freezing and thawing, saturation-drying, especially under the influence of salts-defrosting, cause defects, reduce its durability. There are two directions of increase of durability of the coating. Firstly, it is the primary protection is the creation of concrete with minimal possible on data components mixture water cement ratio that provides reception of concrete with minimum porosity and consequently with maximum durability. Secondly, the secondary protection, providing increased resistance already ready-mixed concrete cover external aggressive actions. In this case against the background of other ways quite promising looks impregnation of the surface concrete integrated structure. Composition must contain multiple components, primarily water repellents, preventing penetration of fluid into the body of the concrete, and finely dispersed silica sol in particular silica, providing reduction of the porosity of the surface layers of concrete by interacting with the free calcium hydroxide. The problem of optimization of impregnation structure and is dedicated to this work.
GRAPH MODEL OF VEHICLE CONFLICT INTERACTION AT VARIOUS CROSSROADS
Authors: Kapskiy D. V. , Shutst V. N. , Pegin P. A.
Published: July 2018

The paper introduces a new notion that is a graph of crossroad transport flows. It has been shown that the given graph serves as a unification of conflict graphs. The paper provides numerical characteristics of graphs on conflict interaction of transport flows in the process of their merging and intersection at crossroads of various configuration. The following construction of the graph has been carried out: merging graphs where their nodes correspond to conflicting flows and their edges indicate what flows enter into a merging conflict between themselves; intersection graphs where graph nodes correspond to conflicting flows and their edges indicate what flows enter into an intersection conflict between themselves. Taking into account the conflict interaction between traffic and pedestrian flows, traffic conditions and traffic trajectories before possible physical interaction the traffic flow graph takes such form which contains complete information about existing conflicts for the required intersection. As a result of the construction in accordance with theoretical aspects of a graph theory and actual interaction of transport and pedestrian flows at intersections, some regularities have been revealed that allow to estimate a danger of any particular intersection within the urban street-road network. The proposals can be identified as hazard markers of an object and that is especially topical with due account of available actual data on driving regimes, traffic light regulation, flow intensity and driving speed (especially single vehicles exceeding permissible driving speed for urban traffic or taking into account local restrictions on certain sections of street-road network) which form a vehicle or pedestrian graph. The proposed approaches can be used to assess quality of road traffic in conflict areas of the street-road network in cities and settlements and public roads as well.
ACCELERATED ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION OF PHANTOM «ROZI» BY OS-SART METHOD USING ORDERED SUBSET PROJECTIONS
Authors: Zolotarev S. A. , Mieteeg M. M. , Al-Nadfa A. N.
Published: July 2018

The statistical maximum likelihood (EM) method and the algebraic reconstruction method with simultaneous iterations (SART) are two methods of iterative tomographic reconstruction. These algorithms are often used when the projection data contains a large amount of statistical noise or has been obtained from a limited range of angles. One of the popular approaches used to increase the rate of convergence of these algorithms is to perform a correction of the current approximation of the reconstructed object on subsets of the projection data. The desire to increase the convergence rate of the iterative methods led to the use of ordered subsets of projections for both the maximum likelihood method of EM (OS-EM) and for the algebraic reconstruction method with simultaneous iterations of SART (OS-SART). The efficiency of using ordered subsets of projections was first established for sequential programs that run on the central processor of the computer (CPU). In this work, both these methods have been accelerated by using the OpenGL graphics library by mirroring them on the graphics processor architecture of the video card.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE BIOTECHNIC SYSTEM CONTROLLED BY THE SYSTEM OF ANIMAL SYSTEM ON THE EXAMPLE OF INFRARED IRRADIATION OF PIG-REMOVAL
Authors: Gerasimovich L. S. , Kosko A. N. , Sinenkii A. V.
Published: July 2018

This article proposes a model biotechnical system and exposure control algorithm on the behavior of piglets using machine vision technology. The effective temperature of the indoor air is an indirect indicator of the favourable conditions for keeping animals. In this article, a hypothesis has been put forward: the management of the microclimate in the cattle-breeding premises should be based on direct indicators of the favourableness of the content. This indicator is appropriate to consider the behaviour of animals. Structurally functional schemes for the functioning of the biotechnical system of the cattle-breeding complex have been developed in the IDEF0 notation. An algorithm for controlling the irradiation of piglets and weaners based on the ethological character of the location of animals across the floor area is presented. This problem was not solved before. Algorithms for automatic control of electro technological processes in agriculture have not been encountered in the literature before. The developed principle of intelligent control allows optimal provision of comfortable conditions for keeping animals in real time. The results can be used to create and design of modern automatic climate control systems in livestock.
ABOUT DATA MODELING SUBJECT DOMAINS PRACTICE-ORIENTED DIRECTION FOR UNIVERSAL SYSTEM OF STORAGE AND PROCESSING DATA
Authors: Rudikova L. V. , Zhavnerko E. V.
Published: July 2018

This article describes data modeling for practice-oriented subject domains they are basis of general data model for data warehouse creation. Describes short subject domains characteristic relationship to different types of any human activities at the current time. Offered appropriate data models, considered relationship between them as data processing and data warehouse creation, which can be built on information data storage technology and which has some characteristics as extensible complex subject domain, data integration, which get from any data sources, data time invariance with required temporal marks, relatively high data stability, search necessary compromises in data redundancy, system blocks modularity, flexibility and extensibility of architecture, high requirements to data storage security. It’s proposed general approach of data collection and data storage, appropriate data models, in the future, will integrate in one database scheme and create generalized scheme of data warehouse as type «constellation of facts». For getting of data models applies structural methodology and consider general principles of conceptual design. Using complex system, which can work with some information sources and represent data in convenient view for users will in-demand for analysis data selected subject domains and determination of possible relationships.
HETEROGENIOUS BLOCKED ALL-PAIRS SHORTEST PATHS ALGORITHM
Authors: Prihozhy A. A. , Karasik O. N.
Published: July 2018

The problem of finding the shortest paths between all pairs of vertices in a weighted directed graph is considered. The algorithms of Dijkstra and Floyd-Warshall, homogeneous block and parallel algorithms and other algorithms of solving this problem are known. A new heterogeneous block algorithm is proposed which considers various types of blocks and takes into account the shared hierarchical memory organization and multi-core processors for calculating each type of block. The proposed heterogeneous block computing algorithms are compared with the generally accepted homogeneous universal block calculation algorithm at theoretical and experimental levels. The main emphasis is on using the nature of the heterogeneity, the interaction of blocks during computation and the variation in block size, the size of the block matrix and the total number of blocks in order to identify the possibility of reducing the amount of computation performed during the calculation of the block, reducing the activity of the processor’s cache memory and determining the influence of the calculation time of each block type on the total execution time of the heterogeneous block algorithm. A recurrent resynchronized algorithm for calculating the diagonal block (D0) is proposed, which improves the use of the processor’s cache and reduces the number of iterations up to 3 times that are necessary to calculate the diagonal block, which implies the acceleration in calculating the diagonal block up to 60%. For more efficient work with the cache memory, variants of permutation of the basic loops k-i-j in the algorithms of calculating the blocks of the cross (C1 and C2) and the updated blocks (U3) are proposed. These permutations in combination with the proposed algorithm for calculating the diagonal block reduce the total runtime of the heterogeneous block algorithm to 13% on average against the homogeneous block algorithm.
LINGUISTIC AND ACOUSTIC RESOURCES OF THE COMPUTER-BASED SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF SPEECH INTONATION
Authors: Zdaranok Yu. A.
Published: July 2018

This article describes a novel approach to discriminating native and nonnative utterances based on suprasegmental features that constitute the intonation of the syntagma. In each language speech presents a diverse number of suprasegmental phenomena, which working together, create a certain coloring of spoken speech, intonationally giving out the emotional involvement or detachment of the speaker. To any language, there is a variety of intonational patterns, which were first identified as such by E. A. Bryzgunova, and are used for teaching Russian as a foreign language by I. V. Odintsova. According to the seven basic intonational patterns of E. A. Bryzgunova, BM Lobanov created the universal melodic portraits (UMP), which can be normalized in time in accordance with the position of its pre-nuclear, nuclear and bender parts. With the help of intonation, information is transmitted at the linguistic and paralinguistic level. A lot depends on correct intoning: perception, understanding and meaning. A thought covered in words with the right acoustic pronunciation gives a correct impression of things in human mind. Thus, the so-called interference while studying a foreign language is excluded. Linguistic and acoustic resources provide the basis for computer-aided intonation training in and outside the classroom. There is a great need for new and innovative computer-aided programs. But there is no necessary software available for such teaching system and, therefore, such system appears to be of great relevance. Presented work describes as well the algorithm of designing of the computer-based system for analysis and interpretation of speech intonation.
Nitrogen Affects Wheat and Canola Silica Accumulation, Soil Silica Forms, and Crusting
Authors: Beard Taylor , Maaz Tai , Borrelli Kristy , Harsh James , Pan William
Published: July 2018

Raindrop‐induced crusting of mineral soils supporting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the semiarid US Pacific Northwest reduces seedling establishment of late summer‐seeded winter crops during dry, hot conditions. Canola (Brassica napus L.) integration is diversifying regional food, feed and fuel global markets. Subsequent shifts in recycled crop residue characteristics, including Si and crop fiber, may shift soil characteristics of traditional wheat‐dominated systems, potentially affecting their propensity to form soil crusts. In a greenhouse study, wheat and canola were fertilized with varying N rates. Increased N supply increased transpiration, shoot weight, and hemicellulose and cellulose yields, but with only minor increases in shoot Si and lignin yields. Both crops had similar increases in root Si with greater N‐stimulated transpiration. Two subsequent soil incubations were conducted to determine how Si, N fertilization, and crop residues from wheat and canola affected soil properties. In the first incubation, Si was applied as aqueous H4SiO4, which increased soil amorphous and water‐soluble Si (Siam and Siws), physical resistance, and crust thickness. Electron micrographs showed increased amorphous material, presumably a Si precipitate, on soil particles with increased Si application. Second, two Ritzville soils were treated with the canola or wheat shoot residues with and without N fertilizer. Nitrogen lowered soil pH, Siam, Siws, surface resistance, and crust thickness; however, first‐time application of crop residue types had no short‐term effect on these parameters. Any impacts of lower Si returned by lower Si crop residues on soil physical properties likely require several rotational cycles of Si crop uptake and residue returns.

Core Ideas

Wheat and canola Si increases with N fertilizer, differently correlated to crop transpiration.

Si residue contents are ranked: wheat shoot residue > canola shoot > wheat root = canola root.

Canola residue returns less Si but more lignin to soil surface than wheat.

Long‐term wheat Si recycling may increase soil physical impedance of seedling emergence.

N fertilization lowers soil pH, soluble and amorphous Si, surface resistance, and crust thickness.
Role of Ox-LDL and LOX-1 in Atherogenesis
Authors: Kattoor Ajoe John , Kanuri Sri Harsha , Mehta Jawahar L.
Published: July 2018

Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) plays a central role in atherosclerosis by acting on multiple cells such as endothelial cells, macrophages, platelets, fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells through LOX-1. LOX-1 is a 50 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as receptor for ox-LDL, modified lipoproteins, activated platelets and advance glycation end-products. Ox- LDL through LOX-1, in endothelial cells, causes increase in leukocyte adhesion molecules, activates pathways of apoptosis, increases reactive oxygen species and cause endothelial dysfunction. In vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, they stimulate proliferation, migration and collagen synthesis. LOX-1 expressed on macrophages inhibit macrophage migration and stimulate foam cell formation. They also stimulate generation of metalloproteinases and contribute to plaque instability and thrombosis. Drugs that modulate LOX-1 are desirable targets against atherosclerosis. Many naturally occurring compounds have been shown to modulate LOX-1 expression and atherosclerosis. Currently, novel drug design techniques are used to identify molecules that can bind to LOX-1 and inhibit its activation by ox-LDL. In addition, techniques using RNA interference and monoclonal antibody against LOX-1 are currently being investigated for clinical use.
Does Ceruloplasmin Defend Against Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Xiao-Ping
Published: July 2018

Ceruloplasmin (CP) is the major copper transport protein in plasma, mainly produced by the liver. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked CP (GPI-CP) is the predominant form expressed in astrocytes of the brain. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that CP is an essential protein in the body with multiple functions such as regulating the homeostasis of copper and iron ions, ferroxidase activity, oxidizing organic amines, and preventing the formation of free radicals. In addition, as an acute-phase protein, CP is induced during inflammation and infection. The fact that patients with genetic disorder aceruloplasminemia do not suffer from tissue copper deficiency, but rather from disruptions in iron metabolism shows essential roles of CP in iron metabolism rather than copper. Furthermore, abnormal metabolism of metal ions and oxidative stress are found in other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Wilson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Brain iron accumulation and decreased activity of CP have been shown to be associated with neurodegeneration. We hypothesize that CP may play a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether iron accumulation is a cause or a result of neurodegeneration remains unclear. Further research on molecular mechanisms is required before a consensus can be reached regarding a neuroprotective role for CP in neurodegeneration. This review article summarizes the main physiological functions of CP and the current knowledge of its role in neurodegenerative diseases.