bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pectin Derived from Hydrolysis of Ripe Kepok Kuning Banana Peel Powder Employing Crude Pectinases Produced by Aspergillus niger
Authors: Andri Cahyo Kumoro Andri Cahyo Kumoro , Shinta Mariana Shinta Mariana , Tri Hanly Maurice Tri Hanly Maurice , Jefri Pandu Hidayat Jefri Pandu Hidayat
Published: September 2022

Banana fruits consumption generates about 35% weight of peel waste containing approximately 10.61 to 24 w/w% of pectin. Hence, improper banana peel waste management may induce various environmental and health issues. The objectives of this work were to study the effect of substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and duration on the yield of pectin extracted from enzymatic hydrolysis of banana peel powder. In this work, the crude enzymes were obtained via submerged fermentation of Kepok Kuning banana peel powder utilising Aspergillus niger and directly used without prior purification. Pectin extraction from banana peel powder was performed through hydrolysis using crude pectinases at various substrate concentrations (0.033 to 0.123 g/mL), pH (4.0 to 6.0), and temperature (40 to 70°C) for 180 min. The increase of extraction parameters enhanced the pectin yield to a maximum value and then declined. High substrate concentration, temperature, pH, and monomeric pectin compounds formation at long hydrolysis duration were found to reduce enzyme activity. A recommended extraction condition is using 0.103 g/mL substrate concentration, pH 5.0, and 55 °C for 120 min to achieve 10.80% weight yield. Commercial implementations of the results can be worthwhile in solving the environmental problem and enhance the economic value of pectin-rich fruit peels and other agricultural wastes.
Optimization and Characterization of Fatty Acid Esters (FAES) Based Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) by Box-Behnken Analysis
Authors: S. Sarah Shazwani , Misran Misni
Published: September 2022

An unfavorable rate of toxicity and hydrophobicity of active substance in water has prompted the development of an improved active ingredients delivery systems such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). This present study investigates varying components of NLCs compositions to achieve an optimized and stable colloidal suspension of NLCs through Box-Behnken design analysis for potential use as an active substance carrier system. The optimised formulation is comprised of 2.9% stearic acid, 0.4% MCT, 0.3% IPM, 0.37% Tween 20, 0.23% Span 20 and 96% deionised water (DW). The mean particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of the optimized NLCs were 322±13.5 nm, 0.199±0.04, and -36±0.1 mV, respectively. Based on the TEM micrograph, NLCs can be observed as having an elongated spherical shape with a dense appearance.
Neuropsychophysiological examination as an additional tool to increase the reliability and efficiency of professional selection
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Pampukha І. , Makarchuk М. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Filimonova N. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Podkovka О. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Nikiforov N. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Loza V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kalnysh V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: September 2022

Despite such a wide and comprehensive psychological and psychophysiological examination of recruits in modern professional selection systems both in the armies of NATO countries and Ukraine, the effectiveness of the process is insufficient. To identify the reasons for the insufficient prognostic effectiveness of modern psychophysiological methods, a study was made of the variability in the organization of brain structures to ensure the speed of a simple sensorimotor reaction (PSMR) of a high level as a basic characteristic of the functional state of the central nervous system. As a result of a survey of 54 servicemen of different specialties, it was found that the same indicators of the state of psychophysiological functions are provided by different strategies for their implementation. Electroencephalograms were recorded when military personnel performed a computer test to determine the speed of PSMR. It was revealed that at approximately the same rate of PSMR, different brain structures were activated in servicemen. Since the same PSMR value can be realized by different neural networks, what we do not detect during psychophysiological testing, but later on under stress, load, etc. military personnel may exhibit different behavioral strategies. Such types of behaviour make it possible to achieve the best results in various types of activity and correspond to the profiles of different military specialties, and vice versa, it can be assumed that neural networks of approximately the same type can implement somewhat different indicators of psychophysiological functions. The same psychophysiological profile can correspond to different profiles of military specialties and vice versa, several psychophysiological profiles can correspond to one specialty, since approximately the same values of psychophysiological functions can be realized by different neural networks. Therefore, psychophysiological testing should be supplemented with neurophysiological testing, since it allows revealing the internal features of the organization of the brain and predicting the further behavior of servicemen.
Psychology of the serviceman's life after captivity
Authors:   National Defense University of Ukraine named after Ivan Cherniakhovskyi, Khmiliar О. , Apalkov V. ,   National Defense University of Ukraine named after Ivan Cherniakhovskyi
Published: September 2022

Among all types of severe challenges, that servicemen have to face during war, captivity is experienced differently. By significantly undermining serviceman's health, narrowing his future prospects, injuring his psyche and leading to a severe mental, moral crisis, captivity dramatically changes the life of an individual. After supervising long-term reintegration and post-isolation support of people released from captivity, the author of the article reveals the peculiarities of readaptation and mental state of servicemen in the first four to five weeks, after being released from the captivity. It was found out, that the mere fact of a soldier's physical return to a peaceful environment does not signify his return to the usual way of living, which he had before the captivity. Particular attention is paid to the course of interpersonal conflict, undesired memories, which involuntarily activate the memory mechanisms of the former prisoners of war, subsequently generating and leading to re-traumatization. The article reveals the peculiarities of the family members' interaction with the personality of a former prisoner of war. In this context, it is highlighted how servicemen with different adaptive potential and individual-typological characteristics reintegrate into the society. The specifics of serviceman's behavior, whose actions in the mass media spotlight were outlined. For the first time, the interconnection between social intelligence and the three constitutional personality types of servicemen (endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph) had been proven, which made it possible to determine the extent to which this relationship is the key to the effective adaptation to peaceful life of freed prisoners.
Property rights as the object of protection under the conditions of armed conflict
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Beryslavska О.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the relationship on the protection of property rights in armed conflict as a kind of legal relationship on protection, focuses on property rights as the object of such relations and the existence of armed conflict, which directly affects the existence of property rights violations and understanding the possibility of redress only after the end of the conflict. It has been proven that human rights are the highest social value, and their protection and protection is a direct duty of the state. The state's commitment to respect and protect human rights does not disappear in armed conflict. Property rights are always related to property, but not identical to property rights, although components of property rights are considered property, moreover, the legislator gives examples of specific rights that are inherently property. It is determined that it is necessary to distinguish between violations, non-recognition and challenge in their legal content, and clarifies the importance of the criterion of illegality of active actions and / or inaction that led to violation, non-recognition and challenge of property rights in armed conflict. It has been proven that conduct that violates the rule of law and does not comply with the requirements of the law is illegal if it does not have any signs of lawful conduct, which in turn may affect liability for damage. It is emphasized that such a characteristic of property law as "domination of property values" is subject to significant violations and even the complete impossibility of such domination in the face of hostilities, terrorist acts, sabotage caused by military aggression of the Russian Federation. The loss of the subjects of property rights of such powers in relation to them as possession, use and disposal, as well as the violation of legitimate expectations regarding the implementation of property rights in the future. It is proposed that the mechanism for the protection of property rights include the filing of an application for compensation, its consideration by the competent authorities and the provision of compensation.
Comparative Analysis of Power switches MOFET and IGBT Used in Power Applications
Authors: Vanitha Dr. D.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, deals with detailed analysis between MOSFET and IGBT.  There always a race between MOSFET and IGBT in the power electronics markets. This paper will gives the complete details about them. This paper also discuss how they are used for various applications. By reading this paper any beginners who wants to need detailed analysis between IGBT and MOSGET they can get.
Numerical Simulation of Optimized Placement of Distibuted Generators in Standard Radial Distribution System Using Improved Computations
Authors: Pawan Kumar Tiwari Puneet Sharma,
Published: September 2022

The need for energy globally has increased recently. Additionally, the idea of distributed generation is propelled by the absence of suitable transmission capacity, exaggerated transmission and distribution disasters, and the release of power advertising. Numerous benefits of distributed generation (DG) include a decrease in energy loss during force transfer and a reduction in the length and width of electrical cables. By lowering power quality and other problems, the use of the DGs with the current force distribution arrangements may enhance the intensity standard. The impacts of distributed generators (DGs) are discussed in this article in relation to various operating situations and the voltage measurement output of the regulator, which is typically accessible in grid interface. The investigation's goals are to locate the best DG connection point in the DS, reduce the power and voltage profile, and improve compliance with the power efficiency limitations. The procedure has been simulated in the MATLAB Simulink system using the Institute of Electricity's test system (IEEE), and the results are displayed using numerical simulation. As a result, the system voltage profile was improved.
Design Simulation and Review of Solar PV Power Forecasting Using Computing Techniques
Authors: Pawan Kumar Tiwari, Mukesh Kumar Yadav Rajendra Kumar, Gulhasan Ahmad,
Published: September 2022

The field of renewable energies provides solutions to the sustainable energy challenges of developing countries. Various renewable energy options are used to solve the power shortage in India. In recent years, power generation has increased significantly, but the market is promising for domestic organisations, distribution networks and transmission networks, and the financial situation is sluggish and influential. India has 450,000 kilowatts of hydroelectric power, has an installed wind power capacity of 230,000 kilowatts, but has almost no great potential for renewable energy. However, India is currently very high in this region, 2022 (not including large hydropower), the target is to raise the current installed capacity from 37 GW of renewable energy to 1.75 million kilowatts. Solar energy is a key part of the government’s extension policy. The demonstration of solar PV Systems is highly advantageous for geography and structure. For efficient structure, we need effective design and forecasting tools. PV system is a popular tool to optimise and schedule the design and construction of independent photovoltaic solar systems connected to the grid.

The objective of this research is to introduce the equivalent design model of the photo voltaic solar power plant and to analyses the impact of power forecasting on performance assessment of solar photo voltaic system. Mathematical model of solar photovoltaic system has been implemented using and performance is analysed using PV and IV characteristics of solar photovoltaic system. Modified prediction technique was implemented for optimum forecasting in the specified scenario of complex operating condition.
Investigations on PAPR and SER Performance Analysis of OFDMA and SCFDMA under Different Channels
Authors: L. N. Balai Girraj Kumar Jangid, Ashish Kumar Sharma,
Published: September 2022

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing are two multicarrier regulatory systems that have improved due to the growing demand in quick communication (OFDM). A frequency division multiplexing (FDM) plot called orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is utilized as a sophisticated multi carrier regulation approach.

Due to its excellent spectrum efficiency and low data rate, the single carrier multiple access system (SC-FDMA) is a unique radio transmission technique that is now employed in long-term evolution (LTE) technology for uplink.  When compared to OFDM, reduced peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and error rate technique. PAPR performance has been obtained using Matlab simulation.  Techniques using variable numbers of subcarriers include SC-FDMA and OFDMA. Two various subcarrier assignment strategies have been proposed, distributed FDMA Localized FDMA and (DFDMA) (LFDMA). IFDMA, or interleaved FDMA, is a DFDMA special situation when DFT results have been distributed consistently and at the same distance. When comparing the SC-FDMA variants, we discover that Localized has a higher PAPR than interleaved (FDMA) (FDMA). We also talk about the Performance of LFDMA and IFDMA's SER (Symbol Error Rate) and found that localized (FDMA) performs better in the SER than interleaved (IFDMA) method.
Fascization of the State and Law
Authors: Antonchenko V. V.
Published: September 2022

The well-being and security of the individual and society largely depend on state regimes that determine the state of social institutions, economics and law. The trajectories of regime transformations in some states can cast doubt on the possibility of achieving a quality of life that corresponds to modern views on social prosperity. The idea of fascism as an ideology and a political regime that has remained in the past forever is hardly justified: under certain conditions, the probability of its revival in certain political and legal systems cannot be excluded. Knowledge of the conditions and signs of fascization of society makes it possible to recognize dangerous features in public policy and law in a timely manner. Fascism can be embodied in a variety of images and forms, but at any time the properties of extreme anti-liberalism as a complete denial of freedom and individual rights are inevitable and inseparable from it. It is characterized by the priority of the state over society and society over man, propaganda of xenophobia, rallying in hatred of a common enemy that act as the bearers of any disagreement. The study of the genesis of extreme right-wing forms of undemocratic political regimes that require the consolidation of the values of statism, false ideas of exclusivity and criminal methods of violence in politics and law for their existence is the basis of the system of countering the fascization of the state. The elements of this system include actualization of the social role and function of law, a high level of legal awareness and legal culture, liberal democratic traditions and maturity of civil society, which is obliged to be wary of any increase in violence, restriction of the rights of the media, persecution of political dissent, militarization and other signs of aggressive ideology that can destroy its civilized appearance. Extreme forms of undemocratic regimes can be resisted only by the sociopolitical principles of liberalism and the values of developed democracy, which are perceived by society: equality of citizens and the real exercise of their rights and freedoms, humanism and constitutionalism, as well as public understanding of the state as an organ limited in the forms and methods of exercising power to protect these principles and values.
Competition law: through restrictions to freedom
Authors: Seregin D. I.
Published: September 2022

The author is critical of the understanding of competition law as an industry that restricts entrepreneurial activity. On the contrary, the article shows that the absence of competition law as a complex system of legal norms leads to a restriction of entrepreneurial freedom — monopolization and cartelization of the economy.

The author wonders why the protection of competition required the use of legal means, and did not remain the lot of economic policy? What is the meaning of the formation of competition law as a complex system that ensures the effectiveness of the market economy?

In search of an answer to these questions, the author comes to the conclusion that the law regulates antimonopoly policy, makes it understandable and predictable for all participants in civil turnover. However, the analysis of the essence of law carried out by the author allowed us to come to additional conclusions showing that competition law, by setting limits on the freedom of subjects of regulated relations, is a system of norms aimed at ensuring the freedom of market participants.
Diagnosis of Deep Periprosthetic Infection of the Hip
Authors: Murylev Valery Yu. , Rudnev Alexander I. , Kukovenko Grigory A. , Elizarov Pavel M. , Muzychenkov Alexey V. , Alekseev Semyon Sergeevich
Published: September 2022

Periprosthetic infection (PJI) is one of the most frequent and devastating complications of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Early and accurate diagnosis of PJI allows timely initiation of treatment. Various diagnostic tools and algorithms for hip PJI diagnosis are described. The available serum (ESR, CRP, D-dimer, etc.) and synovial (alpha-defensin, leukocyte esterase, D-lactate) biomarkers are listed, as well as their combinations for the purpose of PJI verification. Combined serum and synovial tests can significantly improve the efficiency of PJI hip diagnosis.
Ceramic Liner Fracture in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Tashtanov Baikozho R. , Korytkin Andrey A. , Pavlov Vitaliy V. , Shubnyakov Igor I.
Published: September 2022

Background. Ceramic component fracture is a severe complication of primary and revision total hip arthroplasty, leading to multiple revision surgeries.
Case report. This report of rare clinical case of ceramic liner fracture. Fifteen months after a planned left hip replacement, the patient experienced anterior surface pain in the area of the operated joint accompanied by creaking, so the patient went for a consultation. Based on the results of the consultation, the patient was urgently hospitalized and underwent a delayed surgery for revision arthroplasty. Radiologically, there was varus position of the femoral component, dislocation of the bearings. MSCT showed ceramic liner fracture and fragment dislocation. Intraoperatively, the multifragmentary fracture of the liner, significant damage to the head, and retroversion of the acetabular component (retroversion was detected on the preoperative CT scan) were identified. All components of the endoprosthesis and tribologic bearings were replaced with identical ones, total synovectomy was performed, and the wound was cleaned and sanitized.
Conclusion. The presented case report demonstrates the danger of incorrect positioning of the components when using a ceramic bearings. In this case, retroversion of the acetabular component and varus position of the femoral component resulted in a reduced contact area between the head and the liner, which caused the ceramic to fracture. The described observation confirms the need for further in-depth study of the ceramic bearings in order to prevent ceramic component fracture, as it leads to severe complications and significant economic costs.
Outcomes of Revision Hip Replacement After Resection Arthroplasty With a Non-Free Muscle Flap Transfer for Difficult-To-Treat Periprosthetic Infection
Authors: Liventsov Vitaly N. , Bozhkova Svetlana A. , Tikhilov Rashid M. , Artyukh Vasily A.
Published: September 2022

Background. Resection arthroplasty with non-free muscle flap transfer allows to quickly eliminate the infection, but resulting in functional impairment of hip joint. To date, there are only a few publications with a small number of observations, where the proportion of patients who underwent the second stage of the revision hip arthroplasty (rTHA) is extremely small.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of resection arthroplasty on the functional outcomes and incidence of adverse outcomes in patients with difficult-to-treat (DTT) periprosthetic infection who had previously undergone resection arthroplasty with a non-free transfer of the axial flap fom the vastus lateralis muscle.
Methods. The prospective study included 24 patients. During the period 20112021, at the first stage of the treatment for chronic recurrent DTT PJI of the hip, resection arthroplasty was performed with a non-free transfer of an island flap from the vastus lateralis muscle. Subsequent reimplantation of the endoprosthesis was performed in at least 1 year after the infection remission. The functional outcomes, degree of the lower limb shortening immediately before and in two or more years after revision arthroplasty (rTHA), the results of the microbiological cultures at the first and second stages of PJI treatment, technical aspects of the surgery as well as the postoperative period and long-term PJI remission were studied.
Results. Revision arthroplasty resulted in a statistically significant improvement of the postoperative functional outcome and quality of life in patients. The average Harris score agter rTHA increased from 53 to 83 points after surgery, EQ-5D degree of the quality of life increased from 50 points to 80, the overall score from 0.61 to 0.74 and average intensity of pain via VAS decreased from 3 points to 1 point in 3.1 years after rTHA (p0.05). After reEP, complete restoration of the limb length was achieved in 29.1% of cases (n = 7) with an average compensation of the limb length for 4.5 cm. In 66.7% of patients (n = 16), the results of the intraoperative tissue biopsy microbiological analysis during reEP were culture negative. The recurrence rate of PJI was 12.5% (n = 3) up to 30 days after rTHA and 4.2% (n = 1) with a follow-up period of 3.1 years (IQR 2.14.1). With a single revision surgery performed without a delay, stable remission of DTT PJI was 95.8%.
Conclusion. Complex two-stage surgical treatment using resection arthroplasty with a non-free muscle flap transfer at the stage of debridement and subsequent revision has demonstrated high efficiency in eliminating the infectious process as well as restoring weight-bearing capacity and extremity function. It could be recommended as a method of choice in the treatment of patients with DTT PJI of hip joint.
Prospects for the use of biochemical markers in placental in-growth
Authors: Yashchuk Al’fiya G. , Musin Il’nur I. , Berg Ehdvard A. , Gromenko Dar’ya D. , Yanbarisova Aliya R. , Gromenko Ivan D. , Berdigulova Ehnzhe F.
Published: September 2022

Placental in-growth is a severe obstetric pathology characterized by invasive placentation and associated with a high-risk of life-threatening hemorrhage. Despite the widespread use of instrumental methods of examination, timely diagnosis of placental in-growth is a challenging issue. Here, we reviewed the existing biochemical markers used for early detection and confirmation of placental in-growth, their specificity and sensitivity, and correlation with gestational age. Significant results were found for the following substances: pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in the first trimester, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human beta-chorionic gonadotropin (Beta-hCG) in the second trimester, brain natriuretic peptide, antithrombin III, plasminogen activator inhibitor type I, soluble Tie-2 receptor (endothelial cell-specific tyrosine kinase receptor), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. Our findings support the use of the aforementioned biomarkers as screening method for placental in-growth in medical practice.
History of preeclampsia: The significance of first-trimester biochemical screening of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and human chorionic gonadotropin in predicting recurrence
Authors: Galeeva Svetlana A. , Fatkullina Irina B. , Gareev Evgenii M. , Tadzhiboeva Nadzhiba A. , Stetsenko Natal’ya A. , Lazareva Anna Yu. , Sitdikova Dinara G.
Published: September 2022

AIM: We aimed at assessing the significance of first-trimester biochemical screening of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (РАРР-А) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in predicting the recurrence of preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women with early and late history of gestational PE.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospectively included 94 labor histories and prenatal medicals records of pregnant women (2020–2021). Moreover, their first-trimester biochemical screening parameters (РАРР-А and hCG) with a gestational PE history were performed to predict the recurrence of PE. They were divided into three groups (two study groups and a control group). Groups 1 and 2 included 31 labor histories each with late- and early-onset PE, respectively. Group 3 (controls) consisted of 32 labor histories with uncomplicated pregnancies.
RESULTS: In the groups with a gestational PE history and recurrence, a significant decrease in РАРР-А levels was found at 11–14 weeks of gestation. We equally observed high levels of first-trimester hCG in late-onset PE, most probably due moderate degrees of PE recurrence and not gestational age. However, severe degrees of recurrence prevailed in early-onset PE.
CONCLUSIONS: A decrease in РАРР-А levels measured at 11–14 weeks of gestation is a significant predictor of recurrence of PE in the group of pregnant women with a gestational PE history.
Índices, libertad económica y las necesarias reformas de mercado a implementar
Authors: Guzman Napurí Christian
Published: September 2022

Es la economía social de mercado aquella que se encuentra consignada en el artículo 58 de la Constitución Política del Perú, y sin embargo, sin tener la idea clara se proponen múltiples afectaciones a la misma, a través de controles de precios, incorporación de delitos económicos, restricciones de actividades económicas o generando mayores regulaciones, cuando más bien se deben implementar reformas de mercado para la ansiada reactivación económica en un contexto complicado como el actual. Por ello, debemos implementar una adecuada tutela de la economía de mercado en nuestro país. Si revisamos el Índice de Libertad Económica, creado por el diario The Wall Street Journal y la Fundación Heritage, observaremos que nos encontramos bastante rezagados en esta materia. Resulta sorprendente que los planes de gobierno de los diversos partidos en las recientes elecciones no se hayan enfocado debidamente en este mecanismo tan importante para incrementar la recaudación tributaria. Se enfocaron, más bien, en otros aspectos importantes: la ampliación de la base tributaria y la reducción de la evasión y de la elusión, pues una mayor y mejor inversión privada incrementa el crecimiento económico, que genera mayores puestos de trabajo. Además, se requiere mayor inversión privada para reducir la desigualdad. El Estado debe fomentar la prestación de los servicios públicos y, en particular, la provisión de infraestructura. También se requiere que la inversión pública sea eficiente. Es decir, tener una mejor capacidad de gasto, que existe de manera limitada en la administración pública. Entonces, la desigualdad, y en particular la desigualdad en el ingreso, no proviene de la economía de mercado, sino de la falta de capacidad y de la corrupción en el Estado, que no invierte eficientemente en salud, educación, infraestructura y demás materias necesarias para reducir la desigualdad. No podemos olvidar que un elemento clave contra la desigualdad es la reducción de la informalidad, siendo esta un importante obstáculo para el crecimiento económico, pues, a mayor informalidad, se produce un menor crecimiento de largo plazo.
Designing, Developing, and Efficiency Evaluation of a Smartphone Application for Blood Donation
Authors: Saitong Pongpipat
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate efficiency of a human-based “U-Blood App” prototype for blood unavailability in Thailand. This study adopted a mixed-method design. The results of the study revealed these key findings. First, the needs analysis of 32 key informants (50% males and a mean age of 40.6 years) indicated that the features of the User Experience (UE) and the User Interface (UI) should contain blood donor’s qualification, general information record of the blood donor’s health, blood donation appointment and notification schedule, the application download and installation, a simple guide for the application user, the hospital logo, and necessary information. Second, the evaluation by experts revealed that the quality of the prototype is high (X¯=4.79) and the quality of UI ( X¯=4.79) was higher than that of UE (X¯=4.70). Lastly, the end users of 65 samples (50.76\% females and a mean age of 48 years) are highly satisfied with the prototype (X¯=4.68). The findings advanced the understanding of the impacts of human factors on the development of smart phone application for blood donation. The overall results cannot be generalized in the long term. Future inquiry should work on this limitation.
Automatic Music Transcription Using Fourier Transform for Monophonic and Polyphonic Audio File
Authors: Minor Kelvin A. , Kartowisastro Iman H.
Published: September 2022

Musical sheet is an important tool for musicians that enables musicians to communicate with each other and help musicians to learn a composition of a song. Sometimes, musicians face an obstacle when they cannot find the musical sheet to learn a new song or it may require payment to get the sheet. The solution for this problem is to learn the song by figuring out the composition of a song using music transcription. Music Transcription is the process of music information retrieval to produce musical notation. Music Transcription using a computational method often called Automatic Music Transcription by upload the audio file as an input and generate musical sheet. The proposed method is solved using Note Value Detection to separate windows by the detected note values and Fourier Transform to recognize the frequency from each window. This study is evaluating the system using three variables; note value, pitch accuracy, and extra notes. The study shows that note value and pitch detection gives a relatively small percentage error. Meanwhile, extra note detection gives a relatively moderate percentage error in every polyphonic file.
Comparative study of the spectral characteristics of aspheric lense
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khonina S. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Ustinov A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Skidanov R. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Morozov A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2022

A diffractive aspheric lens with minimized geometric aberrations on the axis (the axilens) is designed. It is shown that the lens possesses substantially higher angular resolution than a parabolic lens. We consider the spectral properties of the axilens. Experiments on imaging by means of an axilens are conducted.
Beklenen Enflasyon Verilerinde Kaos Varlığının İncelenmesi
Authors: Dikbaş Ünal , Kasap Reşat , Ünsal Mehmet
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada beklenen enflasyonda kaotik yapının varlığı araştırılmıştır. Beklenen enflasyon, ekonomistler ve politika yapıcılar açısından oldukça önemli bir makroekonomik göstergedir. Beklenen enflasyonun oluşumu birçok teknik detayın ötesinde bir öngörü değeridir. Bu öngörü değeri oluşturulurken birçok faktör dikkate alınmakta nihayetinde bir tahmin değeri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Beklenen enflasyonda kaosun olası varlığı kurulacak modeller açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda, verilere öncelikli olarak BDS bağımsızlık testi yapılmış, korelasyon boyutu elde edilmiş, sonrasında ise pozitif en büyük Lyapunov üsteli (LLE) bulunmuştur. 2001:08-2020:11 dönemi cari ayın TÜFE beklentisi verileri için gerekli testler gerçekleştirilmiş, yapılan analiz sonucu BDS testi ve korelasyon analizi sonuçları kaosa işaret ederken en büyük Lyapunov üssü (LLE) verilerde kaotik yapının mevcut olmadığını göstermiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Beklenen Enflasyon, Doğrusal Olmama, Kaos, Lyapunov Üsteli
JEL Sınıflandırması: C22
Sağlık İşletmeleri Açısından Yeşil İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi İşlevlerinin Bulanık AHS Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Demir Uslu Yeter , Altun Umutcan , Yılmaz Emre
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada, yeşil yönetimin işletmelerde gerçekleştirilmesini sağlayacak yeşil insan kaynakları yönetimi (Y-İKY) işlevleri ele alınmış, literatürde yer alan 10 farklı Y-İKY işlevinin önem derecelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Bulanık AHS (Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Y-İKY işlevleri alanda 10 yıl tecrübeye sahip 3 uzman tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonrası ulaşılan sonuçlara göre sağlık işletmelerinde Y-İKY uygulamalarının en önemlilerinin sırasıyla; %29,8 ile ‘‘yeşil örgüt kültürü ve yeşilin benimsenmesi stratejileri’’, %17,4 ile ‘‘yeşil iş tasarımı’’ ve %11,7 ile ‘‘yeşil eğitim ve geliştirme’’ olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık işletmelerindeki yeşil örgüt kültürü ve personelin yeşil stratejiyi benimsemesi oluşan çevreci kimlik ve davranışlar ile sürdürülebilirliğe katkı sağlamaktadır. Eğitim ve geliştirme uygulamalarıyla çalışanların yeşil stratejiye yönelik bilgi düzeyini artırmak elzemdir. İşletmelerde yeşil yönetimin tam anlamıyla başarılı olabilmesi, araştırmaya dahil edilen kriterlerin topyekûn dikkate alınması ve uygulanmasıyla mümkündür. Nitekim hazırlanan çalışmada sağlık yöneticilerine ve insan kaynakları profesyonellerine Y-İKY işlevleriyle ilgili kapsamlı bir bakış açısı sunulmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci, Yeşil İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, Sağlık Tesisleri, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri
JEL Sınıflandırması: M14, O15, D23
Rusya’nın 2014 Ukrayna Krizi’ndeki Hibrit Savaş Stratejisi
Authors: Aras Harun , Yıldırım Yusuf
Published: September 2022

ÖZ
Bu çalışma hibrit savaşın temel özelliklerinin neler olduğunu ve pratikte nasıl uygulandığını Rusya’nın Ukrayna müdahalesi üzerinden analiz etmektedir. Araştırmacıların üzerinde konsensüs sağladığı bir tanım olmamakla birlikte hibrit savaş hem devlet hem de devlet dışı aktörler tarafından yürütülen, konvansiyonel yetenekler, düzensiz taktikler, terör eylemleri, şiddet ve baskı gibi çeşitli savaş biçimlerinin kullanıldığı, bilinmezliklerin ve görünmezliklerin arttığı bir savaş biçimidir. Geleneksel ve modern savaş konseptlerinin bir arada olduğu hibrit savaş, devletlere belki de başka birçok aracı kullanarak ulaşamayacakları hedeflere ulaşma imkânı sağlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın ilk bölümünde hibrit savaşların tanımı ve özelliklerine değinilmiş, sonrasında ise hibrit savaşın bileşenleri ortaya konmuş ve son bölümde ise Rusya’nın hibrit savaş teorisini Ukrayna Savaşı özelinde nasıl uyguladığı analiz edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Hibrit Savaş, Rusya, Ukrayna
Yiyecek İçecek Paket Servis Hizmetlerinde Pandemi Dönemi Müşteri Şikâyetlerine İlişkin Bir Araştırma
Authors: Sarıca Vildan , Özbay Gülçin
Published: September 2022

ÖZ
Covid-19 salgını sebebiyle birçok sektör olumsuz yönde etkilenmiştir. Yiyecek içecek işletmeleri de salgından en fazla etkilenen sektörlerden biri olmuştur. Bu süreçte yiyecek içecek işletmeleri paket servis hizmeti sunmaya başlamıştır. Salgınla birlikte müşteri beklentileri değişmiş ve bu beklentilerin karşılanmaması durumunda tüketiciler şikâyet davranışına yönelmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; pandemi sürecinde paket servis hizmeti sunan yiyecek içecek işletmelerine ilişkin müşteri şikâyetlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda sikayetvar.com adresinden 5 uluslararası zincir işletmeye yönelik paket servis başlığı altında yapılan toplam 500 kullanıcı yorumu kelime sayısı, şikâyet nedenleri, katılımcıların cinsiyetleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. Sikayetvar.com sitesinde incelenen kullanıcı yorumlarına göre yapılan şikâyetlerin ana nedeninin bölgeye paket servis hizmetinin sunulmaması olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın ikinci bölümünde ise İstanbul ilinde yaşayan 30 kişi ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında pandemi sürecinde paket servis hizmeti sunan yiyecek içecek işletmelerine ilişkin müşteri şikâyetleri öğrenilmiş, müşterilerin yaşanan olumsuzluklara karşı gösterdiği tutum belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Pandemi sürecinde paket servis hizmeti sunan yiyecek içecek işletmelerinde meydana gelen en önemli sorunun yaşanan gecikmeler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Müşteri Şikâyetleri, Paket Servis, Covid-19, Pandemi
JEL Sınıflandırması: M31
Effect of Corporate Governance Committee Structure on Corporate Governance Compliance Rating
Authors: Çakalı Kaan Ramazan
Published: September 2022

In this study, effect of corporate governance committee structure on corporate governance compliance rating (CGCR) was investigated, based on the assumption that the corporate governance committee may affect CGCR in terms of its roles and responsibilities. Firms included in XKURY are selected as a sample in the study. Statistical analyses are carried out for the existence of the specified relationship by using the data of the companies in question for the period of 2014-2020. Independent variables of the study are % of female members, % of members of the board, % of independent board members and % of non-executive board members in the corporate governance committee. The effects of these variables on the companies' compliance with corporate governance principles are analyzed by performing Mann-Whitney U test. The obtained results show that presence of non-executive board members at different rates in corporate governance committees makes a difference on the CGCR of the enterprises. To the best knowledge, there is no study in the national and international literature that investigates the effect of corporate governance committee structure on CGCR. It is thought that this study differs from other studies in this respect and contributes to the literature.
Key Words: Corporate Governance, Corporate Governance Committee, Corporate Governance Committee Structure, Corporate Governance Compliance Rating, XKURY
JEL Classification: M40, G34
Clinical manifestaions of renal disease in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex at University Medical Centre Maribor
Authors: Golob Jančič Sonja , Gradišnik Peter , Osterc Koprivšek Andreja , Gačnik Albin , Marčun Varda Nataša
Published: September 2022

Namen: Tuberozna skleroza je avtosomno dominantni nevrokutani sindrom, ki prizadene približno 1/6.000–10.000 ljudi. Klinična slika se s starostjo spreminja, saj so pri različnih starostih prisotni različni klinični znaki. Ledvična prizadetost je prisotna pri 48–80 %, in sicer v obliki angiomiolipomov, ledvičnih cist ali ledvičnega karcinoma. Namen naše raziskave je bil pregled kliničnih manifestacij pri bolnikih s tuberozno sklerozo, obravnavanih znotraj Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra (UKC) Maribor v zadnjih desetih letih, in opredelitev števila tistih, ki imajo ledvično prizadetost.Metode: Pregledali smo kartoteke bolnikov, ki so vodeni v UKC Maribor z diagnozo tuberozna skleroza (MKB– Q85.1). Iz medicinskih zapisov smo razbrali njihove antropometrične meritve, starost ob diagnozi, laboratorijske izvide, slikovne preiskave in morebitne rezultate genetskega testiranja ter trenutni režim zdravljenja. Rezultati: V naši kohorti je 13 bolnikov s tuberozno sklerozo, starih od 7 do 71 let, mediana starost je 16 let, povprečje 25,2 (14,6; 35,9). 92 % (12) ima kožno simptomatiko, ledvična prizadetost je prisotna pri 60 % naših bolnikov. 46 % ima angiomiolipome, 23 % ledvične ciste. Pomembnejše prizadetosti ledvične funkcije nimajo. Sistemsko terapijo z everolimusom prejemata dva bolnika, dva imata predpisan topični everolimus za kožne lezije. Genetsko testiranje je bilo opravljeno pri 7 bolnikih, pri 5 je bilo pozitivno.Zaključek: Rezultati potrjujejo pogosto prizadetost ledvic pri bolnikih s tuberozno sklerozo v naši kohorti, primerljivo z literaturo. Ker je kohorta sestavljena predvsem iz pediatričnih bolnikov, je ledvična funkcija dobra, zdravljenje pa redko nujno. Redno spremljanje in multidisciplinarna obravnava sta ključna za dolgoročno blaginjo bolnikov.
Effects of differential time and difficulty weighting on the improvement of OSCE quality metrics
Authors: Mihevc Matic , Masnik Klara , Petreski Tadej , Pulko Nejc , Bevc Sebastjan
Published: September 2022

Namen: Objektivni strukturirani klinični izpit (OSKI) je postal vodilna metoda za ocenjevanje izvedbe kliničnih veščin. Njegova pogosta težava je neskladje med oceno na ocenjevalnem obrazcu in splošno oceno ocenjevalca. V preteklosti neskladij niso uspešno reševali z obteževanjem posameznih korakov. Sistematičnega diferencialnega obteževanja, ki podeljuje točke glede na izračun časovnih in težavnostnih uteži, še niso raziskali. Namen študije je bil: a) tvoriti formule za izračun težavnostnih in časovnih uteži, b) tvoriti eksperimentalni obrazec z upoštevanjem izračunanih uteži in c) oceniti uspešnost metode pri izboljšanju kazalnikov kakovosti OSKI.

Metode: Najprej smo tvorili formule za izračun časovnih in težavnostih uteži posameznih korakov. Nato smo s pomočjo uteži obtežili posamezni korak v eksperimentalnem obrazcu. Kontrolni obrazec so neodvisno od raziskave obtežili klinični mentorji. Uspešnost obrazcev smo preverili med rednim izpitom OSKI za študente 3. letnika. Študente (n = 55) je z obema ocenjevalnima obrazcema in splošnim obrazcem ocenilo deset ocenjevalcev. Rezultate smo analizirali s t-testom za odvisna vzorca, enostavno linearno regresijo in psihometričnim testiranjem.

Rezultati: V primerjavi s kontrolnim obrazcem smo na eksperimentalnem obrazcu ugotovili višjo povezavo med oceno na ocenjevalnem obrazcu in splošno oceno (r = 0,622, p < 0,001 vs. r = 0,496, p < 0,001) in pomembno nižje rezultate (p < 0,001).

Zaključek: Ugotovili smo, da diferencialno obteževanje korakov s časovnimi in težavnostnimi utežmi lahko izboljša kazalnike kakovosti OSKI in zmanjša neskladje med oceno na ocenjevalnem obrazcu in splošno oceno.
Achievements in surgical treatment for colorectal liver metastases from 2000 until 2020
Authors: Plahuta Irena , Magdalenić Tomislav , Turk Špela , Potrč Stojan , Ivanecz Arpad
Published: September 2022

Namen: Rak debelega črevesa in danke (RDČD) je v svetovnem merilu tretja najpogostejša maligna bolezen in najpogosteje zaseva v jetra. Namen raziskave je predstaviti možnosti kirurškega zdravljenja jetrnih zasevkov in rezultate zdravljenja.

Metode: Opravili smo retrospektivni pregled prospektivno vodene datoteke resekcij jetrnih zasevkov RDČD na Kliničnem oddelku za abdominalno in splošno kirurgijo Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor. Raziskava temelji na principu pristopa k zdravljenju z namenom ozdravitve. Analizirali smo število posegov, ponovne posege, zaplete in preživetje.

Rezultati: Od januarja 2000 do decembra 2020 je bilo izvedenih 631 kirurških posegov zaradi jetrnih zasevkov RDČD. 352 (74,4 %) bolnikov je bolnikov več kot enega. Resekcij jeter je bilo 541 (85,7 %), in sicer 389 manjših in 152 velikih resekcij. Radiofrekvenčno ablacijo smo opravili v 61 (9,7 %) in eksploracijo v 29 (4,6 %) primerih. Ponovnih posegov je bilo 138 (21,9 %). Hudi zapleti (stopnja ≥ 3a po klasifikaciji Clavien-Dindo) so se pojavili po 84 (13,3 %) posegih. 90-dnevna pooperativna smrtnost je znašala 3,8 %. Mediano preživetje pri seštevku 0 v Clinical Risk Score je 69 mesecev; 5- in 10-letni preživetji sta 57-% oziroma 38-%.

Zaključek: Kirurška odstranitev jetrnih zasevkov v celoti in ugodni prognostični dejavniki omogočajo dolgoročno preživetje bolnikov z jetrnimi zasevki RDČD.
Systemic risk factors in patients younger than 50 years with retinal vein occlusionsl
Authors: Kuhta Katja , Petelin Katarina , Masten Matejka , Košič Knez Nina , Pahor Dušica
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To identify the etiological factors of patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) younger than 50 years.Methods: The clinical records of patients with RVO under the age of 50 years seen between January 2015 and December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Past medical history, drug use, thrombophilic features, hyperviscosity syndromes, and pathologies that may have caused vasculitis were noted. All patients underwent ocular and systemic examinations, as well as complete screening for thrombophilic risk factors.Results: A total of 20 patients (22 eyes) were recruited in the study, 14 (70%) of whom were male and seven (30%) were female. The mean age was 42 years. The diagnosis was central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in 12 eyes (60%) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in 10 eyes (40%). Two patients had bilateral BRVO. Hypertension was determined in eight (38%) patients, diabetes mellitus in two (9.5%) patients, and dyslipidemia in 11 (52%) patients. Mutation of factor V Leiden was found in one (5%) patient. An ocular risk factor was pigmentary glaucoma in two (10%) patients. Other diseases that were also noted included Behcet's (5%) and Eale's disease (5%). Multiple etiological factors were detected in 10 (48%) patients. No risk factors were found in only four (19%) patients.Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was the most prevalent risk factor for RVO. Work-up for the etiology of RVO in younger patients may reveal nontraditional risk factors for retinal vein occlusion. It was particularly interesting that thrombophilic disorder was found in only one female CRVO patient. Etiological factors that might result in RVO in young individuals should therefore be investigated in detail.