bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The significance of green spaces for protecting health of urban population
Authors:   Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Nakhimovskii Ave., Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation, Revich B.A.
Published: July 2023

Green spaces (green infrastructure, green areas) are important components of urban environment. They are able to mitigate health outcomes of climatic risks, exposure to urbanization and adverse environmental factors. Bigger areas covered with plants should increase their accessibility for people living in cities. Analysis of the results reported in foreign studies that addressed influence of green spaces on public health proves that they promote physical activity by urban citizens, sports included, development of interpersonal communication and social interactions, improve mental health, and reduce prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other diseases. In some cases massive construction of residential housing and public buildings in Russian megacities and large cities led to reduction in green areas. The existing construction standards in Russia do not consider the recommendation of the WHO/Europe that requires accessibility of green spaces within a 15–20 minute walking distance and provision of 9 m2 of green spaces per person. Utility of green spaces for public health depends on evenness of their distribution. In case their distribution is mosaic, their benefits for public health and protection capacities are reduced. The present review shows the importance, needs and advantages of developing green infrastructure with continuous canopy that create potent green shading.
General Human Anatomy
Authors: Bharihoke Veena , Sabharwal Puja
Published: July 2023

The chapter deals with basic general human anatomy. The basic idea is to
get the student oriented to gross surface anatomy, the bones, and organs so that he is
able to relate to diseases and scientifically record blood pressure and perform
venipuncture. This chapter will also orient the student to related surface anatomy for
basic life-saving procedures.
General Human Physiology
Authors: Chandla Sukhdev , Sharma Mayank
Published: July 2023

The chapter deals with the basis of human physiology, that is, the human
cell. It also explains the functioning of the cardiovascular system, the nervous system,
and the digestive system. It is of paramount importance for the student to understand
basic human systems functioning so that he can be of value in assistance during a life-saving procedure and also be able to rationalise all precautions for patient care.
Dental Radiology
Authors: Kalra Namita , Vijay Singh Harsh
Published: July 2023

The chapter gives an overview of radiology as practiced in a dental clinic.
The radiographs are of two types, mainly periapical and bitewing radiographs. The
techniques of radiology are explained in this chapter. The deleterious effects of
radiation, radiosensitivity of various organs, recommended radiation dose, film speed,
and radiation protection gear are discussed for providing an insight to the students.
Introduction to Infection Control Practices
Authors: Kalra Namita , Kumar Sunil
Published: July 2023

This chapter explains the various common methods of sterilization used in a
dental clinic. It describes the principle of autoclave, ozone steri-lization, cold sterilization and chemicals used in sterilization. It is of utmost importance for a dental
chairside assistant.
Understanding Anxiety in Dental Patient
Authors: Kalra Namita , Sharma Mayank
Published: July 2023

The chapter is a very important topic of study for the dental chair side
assistant. One of the main jobs that he has to perform is of controlling the anxiety of
the patient and trying to make the patient more cooperative. There are various types of
anxiety, and they may have an association with past experience, or they may be inbuilt.
Anxiety needs to be assessed and conveyed. It is important to assess it on a numerical
scale and by various physiological tools. Methods of scoring anxiety are discussed for
learning how to calculate and communicate the anxiety in our patient. Five self-explanatory real-life pictures are included for the benefit of the student.
Metal-organic Frameworks and MOF-based Materials for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Adegoke Kayode Adesina , Akinnawo Solomon Oluwaseun , Bello Olugbenga Solomon , Maxakato Nobanathi Wendy
Published: July 2023

Numerous CO2 conversion strategies including thermochemical, photoelectrochemical, electrochemical have been adopted extensively in the last decades. However, the electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) to energy-rich chemicals and fuels remains alternative promising technology owing to its ease of operations with an effective green approach. Compared with other energy conversion technologies, the electrochemical reaction conditions are comparatively mild with the ability to operate the reactions in a room temperature and pressure, thereby bringing better feasibility for alleviating anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 emission that threatens global peace. The reaction processes and directions involved can be controlled freely by tuning reductive potential and temperature. In addition, the process of electrochemical reaction is usually proceeded by reactants to gain or lose electron(s) at the surface of the electrode without the need for redox agents, through which the required electricity is derived from some renewable energy sources (solar, wind, geothermal, etc) which do not generate any additional CO2. This makes electrochemical CO2R a green approach with no generation of contaminants. This chapter, therefore, highlighted different metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-based materials for electrocatalytic CO2R to energy-rich chemicals. Various strategies for designing MOFs, challenges, and prospects of MOF materials for better improvement of the CO2R were also discussed.
A Study on the Formation and Development of ConfuciusScholars of Jeju during Chosun and Modern Era
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Kim Saemio
Published: July 2023

This study examines the patterns of the relationships of confucius scholars of Jeju with those from the mainland during the Chosun period. Ancient literature indicates us that Jeju was the region with very strong shamanism during the Chosun period. This is confirmed in various literature concerning Jeju. However, there are not enough record to cover intellectuals of Jeju. During late Chosun, there appeared numerous confucius intellectuals in Jeju. These figures were formed by the influence of Confucianism in those days. To identify how Confucianism of Chosun was expanded into the border area is the key to understand the Confucianism not only of Jeju but also of Chosun.
For this aim, this study examines the background in which the culture of Jeju and confucius intellectuals during the Chosun dynasty era were formed as well as the patters of transformation of the culture of Jeju based upon from shamanism to Confucianism. While confucius ideas spreading, several confucius intellectuals emerged in Jeju as well. Some of them had a network with confucius school in the mainland but some of them did not.
it is identified that the schools of Toegyu, Nosa, Hwasea and Kanjae had an exchange with other schools in the mainland. For Nosa school, there are figures such as Ahn Dalsam, Lee Gyejeong, Ahn Byungtak, Kim Sukik. For Hwasea school, there is Kim Heejung who studied Myunam Cho Ikhyun, For Kanjae school, there are Kum Gyungjong, Koh Kyungsu, and Koh Byungoh. During Japanese colonial era, they took the lead in the anti- Japanese movement, and during the Jeju 4.3 incident, they expressed their opinions by acting as central figures of Jeju. It is particularly meaningful that a person connected to the mainland school appears in Jeju. This is because their existence allows us to study how Confucianism took root and expanded in the periphery Jeju where shamanism was strong.
Currently, personal collections of writings by Confucius scholars are not systematically organized in Jeju. In addition to the people introduced in this paper, it is highly likely that there is a collection of writings for other confucius scholars in Jeju. It is necessary to organize and arrange such materials step by step for a systematic study.
Changryeo Lee Jeong-gi’s Oksan Gugok Poetry and Its Meaning
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Hwang Man-ki
Published: July 2023

This paper examines Changryeo Lee Jeong-gi’s . Oksan Gugok was the place in Yangdong village where Hoejae Lee Eon-jeok, a scholar in the 16th century, put his efforts into the moral philosophy. It was similar to that Dosan Gugok was run as Toegye’s studying place. As Gwangroe Lee Ya-soon, Hagye Lee Ga-soon, Hugye Lee Yi-soon, and others inherited sage Toegye’s spirit of landscape of nature by focusing on creating Dosan Gugok poems, Hoejae’s descendants, Changryeo Lee Jeong-gi, Namryeo Lee Jeong-uhm, Geumpa Lee Jeong-byeong and so on, tried to follow Hoejae’s ethics spirit. Hoejae was a Toegye’s senior by 10 years, and Toegye made great efforts to canonize Hoejae into the Confucian shrine. Toegye’s project to respect ancient sages affected his descendants, which led them to manage Dosan Gugok in the 19th century. However, there was no Gugok management in Oksan, Gyeongju, where Hoejae reverenced by Toegye dwelled in retirement. So, Changryeo Lee Jeong-gi, one of Hoejae’s descendants, came to establish Oksan Gugok following one of other Toegye’s descendants, Gwangroe Lee Ya-soon’s advice. It’s undeniable that Changryeo and Gwangroe’s management of Gugok was influenced by Zhu Xi’s Muee Gugok. Yet, rather than in the respect of geography, the category of Gugok included the place where a person’s trace was left even though its geography didn’t form a curve. That was because both of them put more stress on the spiritual aspect of Gugok management than its geographical aspect. As the value of a pond depends on whether a dragon dwells in it or not rather than on its meaning as a pond itself, not the geographical features of nature is important itself. Instead, a place holds its value several times and dozens times more according to who visited the place when. In addition, the spirit of succession that Changnyeo Lee Jeong-gi wanted to inherit the spirit of Hoejae Lee Eon-jeok was the goal and utopia of life that he wanted to pursue as a descendant. At the suggestion and recommendation of Lee Ya-soon, seven people jointly explored and consulted to determine Oksan Gugok. It is a very unusual and rare case when seven of the currently known old songs are agreed upon. After setting Oksan Gugok, it is not common for 15 people to write Gugoksi for a single Gugok called Oksan Gugok in about 30 years from Jo Ki-won(1752~1827) to Ha Beom-woon (1792~1858).
The politics of everyday life in the performers’ experience: practices of engagement in Teatro do Vestido
Authors: Vicente Gustavo
Published: July 2023

Inthis text, drawing from my participation as an actor in Juventude Inquieta[Restless Youth], thelatest of my collaborations with Teatro do Vestido, I begin by acknowledging the ethical implications of my personal experiencewithin the creative process. I then build on this reflection to further explorethe possible ways of looking at theatre projects, differentiating between onesthat are oriented exclusively towards scenic outcomes and ones that put inmotion a process of political engagement of the performers that transcendartistic results alone. I follow this proposal to foreground the importance of distinguishingbetween making theatre that resembles the politics we can only envision and atheatre that relates to another form of artistic circulation, in which thepractices of learning, self-discovery, and critical thinking are privilegedalongside the final stage performance.
Optimum conditions of the treatment of organic matters in gray water by Ozone
Authors: Hashim Ali Esraa , Hussein Amal A. , Jamal Imran Natheer
Published: July 2023

Wastewater treatment processes are critical and economical to improve the quality, remove the more significant part of the contaminants from wastewater and solve the water crisis, which may provide new water sources. To conserve water, the gray water (GW) must be recycled. The use of Ozone in water treatment is a chemical treatment based on the infusion of Ozone into water or wastewater. In this study, the best conditions for treating gray water with Ozone were investigated to achieve the best removal of organic matters represented by chemical oxygen demand (COD), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), Total organic carbon (TOC), Oils and Greases. It was experimentally concluded that the ozone treatment is positively affected by the increase in pH, the ozone concentration and the time of exposure to Ozone. The ideal conditions for ozone treatment were determined according to the quality of the resulting water and not according to the removal values of organic materials. These conditions are pH 8, ozone concentration of 40mg/l and ozone exposure time of 30 min.

Keywords: Gray water; Ozonation; Water Treatment; COD.
The Impact of a Digital Weight Loss Intervention on Health Care Resource Utilization and Costs Compared Between Users and Nonusers With Overweight and Obesity: Retrospective Analysis Study
Authors: Mitchell Ellen Siobhan , Fabry Alexander , Ho Annabell Suh , May Christine N , Baldwin Matthew , Blanco Paige , Smith Kyle , Michaelides Andreas , Shokoohi Mostafa , West Michael , Gotera Kim , El Massad Omnya , Zhou Anna
Published: July 2023

Background

The Noom Weight program is a smartphone-based weight management program that uses cognitive behavioral therapy techniques to motivate users to achieve weight loss through a comprehensive lifestyle intervention.

Objective

This retrospective database analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of Noom Weight use on health care resource utilization (HRU) and health care costs among individuals with overweight and obesity.

Methods

Electronic health record data, insurance claims data, and Noom Weight program data were used to conduct the analysis. The study included 43,047 Noom Weight users and 14,555 non–Noom Weight users aged between 18 and 80 years with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m² and residing in the United States. The index date was defined as the first day of a 3-month treatment window during which Noom Weight was used at least once per week on average. Inverse probability treatment weighting was used to balance sociodemographic covariates between the 2 cohorts. HRU and costs for inpatient visits, outpatient visits, telehealth visits, surgeries, and prescriptions were analyzed.

Results

Within 12 months after the index date, Noom Weight users had less inpatient costs (mean difference [MD] −US $20.10, 95% CI −US $30.08 to −US $10.12), less outpatient costs (MD −US $124.33, 95% CI −US $159.76 to −US $88.89), less overall prescription costs (MD −US $313.82, 95% CI −US $565.42 to −US $62.21), and less overall health care costs (MD −US $450.39, 95% CI −US $706.28 to −US $194.50) per user than non–Noom Weight users. In terms of HRU, Noom Weight users had fewer inpatient visits (MD −0.03, 95% CI −0.04 to −0.03), fewer outpatient visits (MD −0.78, 95% CI −0.93 to −0.62), fewer surgeries (MD −0.01, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.00), and fewer prescriptions (MD −1.39, 95% CI −1.76 to −1.03) per user than non–Noom Weight users. Among a subset of individuals with 24-month follow-up data, Noom Weight users incurred lower overall prescription costs (MD −US $1139.52, 95% CI −US $1972.21 to −US $306.83) and lower overall health care costs (MD −US $1219.06, 95% CI −US $2061.56 to −US $376.55) per user than non–Noom Weight users. The key differences were associated with reduced prescription use.

Conclusions

Noom Weight use is associated with lower HRU and costs than non–Noom Weight use, with potential cost savings of up to US $1219.06 per user at 24 months after the index date. These findings suggest that Noom Weight could be a cost-effective weight management program for individuals with overweight and obesity. This study provides valuable evidence for health care providers and payers in evaluating the potential benefits of digital weight loss interventions such as Noom Weight.
Care provision in the COVID-19 pandemic as an infection risk factor among Nurse managers in a rural hospital in Vhembe: an interpretative phenomenological approach (Preprint)
Authors: Mudau selina , Mudzusi-Mavhandu Azwihangwisi Helen , Risenga Patrone Rebecca , Silinda Fortunate , Ndou Nthomeni Dorah , Tshivhase Livhuwani , Moyo Idah
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Globally, 22 000 health workers from 52 countries have contracted Coronavirus SARS 19 since the outbreak of the pandemic in 2019. Health workers are frontline service providers with an increased risk of contracting the virus due to the lengthy time they spend with patients. Nurse managers are known to be carrying administrative work further away from patients and not direct patient care.

OBJECTIVE

The study's main objective was to describe nurse managers' experiences during care provision at a rural hospital in the Vhembe District of South Africa.

METHODS

The study employed a qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis research design to obtain in-depth personal experiences from nurse managers at Vhembe district hospitals. A non-probability, purposive, judgmental sampling method was employed to recruit participants. Telephonic interviews were conducted with seven nurse managers. Data were analysed according to the interpretative phenomenological analysis method.

RESULTS

Four salient themes emerged from the description of nurse managers’ experiences: experiencing a high infection rate, increased risk of infection, the vicious circle of infection, and insecurities within the home. Related subthemes included the high infection rate among patients, an increased infection rate among staff, infections at home, risks in handling patients, risks of infection at home, sharing of equipment, and lack of personal protective equipment.

CONCLUSIONS

This study concluded that resource scarcity in hospitals undermines health workers’ efforts to provide quality care and efforts to prevent the spread of the virus among nurses and families.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
The Human Nature Care of Psychobiography—A Book Review on Destiny Can Violate
Authors: Wei Runzhi
Published: July 2023

If the real rock is hard, then human nature has a rainbow of brilliance. “Destiny Can Violate” is the first book in China to introduce the theory and methods of psychobiography, analyzing cases from the perspective of interdisciplinary research with “suspenseful questions” as the main method, opening up a new avenue for psychological research methods. The psychobiographical analysis of Zhuge Liang, the famous prime minister in ancient China, made us feel the conflict, beautification and understanding of human nature, which reflects the human nature care of psychobiography, thereby improving our understanding of ourselves.
English-Medium of Instruction (EMI) in Tanzanian Secondary School: Students' and Teachers' Perceptions and Challenges
Authors: Swai Shafii S
Published: July 2023

The The purpose of this study is to examine secondary school students' and instructors' attitudes of using English as a teaching medium in Tanzania. The study was held in three schools in the Unguja North region. The study was based on answering research questions; first, what are the perceptions of Tanzanian secondary school students and teachers toward the English language medium of instruction? as well as what obstacles do students and teachers face while employing English as a medium of teaching in school? It is a mixed method study that collects and analyses data using qualitative and quantitative methods. Furthermore, the researcher employed a questionnaire to answer the first research question. The research discovered that teachers and students had a favorable opinion of English as a teaching medium and that students feel at ease in English-taught subjects. The study discovered several obstacles teachers and students face while utilizing English as a medium of education, such as low student competence in English, the effect of primary school language of instruction, overcrowded classes, and instructional approaches. The research will assist teachers in revising their teaching methods and strategies, as well as the government restructuring the national secondary school curriculum and revising the national language policy. Furthermore, the study will shed insight on future studies on English language medium of instruction and second language learning in Tanzania based on qualitative, quantitative, or mixed method research.
Ideology in the Development of Latvian Co-operatives from the 19th Century to 1934
Authors: Karnups Viesturs Pauls
Published: July 2023

In this paper I will examine the ideology or the basic ideas upon which the co-operative movement in Latvia developed from its beginnings to 1934. The notion of co-operatives in Latvia entered mainly via literary sources in the early 19th Century. In particular, the translation into Latvian of the works of such people as the social reformist Heinrich Zschokke, the social reformer Johann Friedrich Oberlin and others. The ideas of the German co-operators Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch and Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen also had a lasting impact on the development of Latvian co-operatives from the second half of the 19th Century. During the interwar period of Latvian independence, such Latvian writers as Vilis Siliņš and Klāvs Lorencs, who had gained their experience of co-operatives abroad, were influential in the development of Latvian co-operatives in the 1920s. In addition, many books and pamphlets on co-operation were translated into Latvian and published during this period. These included the writings of Charles Gide from France, Johann Friedrich Schär and DHenry Faucherre from Switzerland, Albin Johansson and Anders Hedberg from Sweden and Emma Freundlich from Austria, as well as others. Many new co-operative ideas were brought back to Latvia after Latvian participation at meetings of the International Co-operative Alliance and similar organisations, as well as attendance by Latvian co-operators at the International Co-operative Summer School held by the International Co-operative Alliance. After the coup d’état in 1934, the co-operative movement became an instrument of the state and fulfilled the instructions from the state. In general terms, it can said that the intellectual impulses from Western Europe motivated and activated the formation and development the Latvian co-operative movement, especially in the interwar period to 1934.
Quality management of research projects: Case study of one Lithuanian University
Authors: Kuzmickytė Greta , Kazlauskaitė Eglė , Maciulevičiūtė Sonata , Gerulaitienė Neringa
Published: July 2023

This article analyses the concept of quality management of research projects and provides insights on research support services and their usage in one Lithuanian university. In the article, a literature analysis is presented on the definition of quality management of research projects and their scope. With the help of the analysis of quality management of research projects and the survey of one Lithuanian University staff, it is determined what support services the university provides to its project teams. This paper provides conclusions and yields recommendations on how to maximise the efficiency of support services currently available at the university.
Reflections on Green Spaces and Urban Leadership from Riga
Authors: Sime Zane
Published: July 2023

Emerging Urban Leaders programme hosted by the Salzburg Global Seminar coincides with the green spaces and places gaining attention internationally and Europe-wide. This focus on the green areas as crucial enablers of sustainability and quality of life of the city dwellers sets excellent grounds for a concise autoethnographic overview of how the vast green infrastructure in and around Riga serves the urban zest to explore and benefit from safe and enjoyable spaces for recreational, educational and fitness activities during the pandemic.
Directive Speech Acts in the Story Tell the Truth … by Nicholasa Mohr
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Țigriș Simona-Luiza
Published: July 2023

The story Tell the Truth… is part of the book el Bronx Remembered which was written by Nicholasa Mohr, the first Nuyorican woman who had her literary works published in the United States of America. El Bronx Remembered was first published in 1975 and it draws attention to the ‘Great Migration’ of Puerto Ricans to New York in the 1950s. The stories reflect the hardships of Puerto Rican migrants through the eyes of characters who are children, teenagers and young adults. The story Tell the Truth… depicts a conversation between a lawyer, Mr. Crane, and Vickie, a 13-year-old teenager. The purpose of this article is to identify the type and structure of the directive speech acts that the lawyer uses strategically in order to persuade the teenager to confess to her mother’s alleged involvement in illegal activities. Bach and Harnish’s (1979) classification of speech acts will be taken into account in the methodology, as well as Blum-Kulka and Olshtain’s (1984) description of the linguistic realization patterns of requests. Brown and Levinson’s (1987) Politeness Theory is taken into consideration, too. Supportive moves (Placencia, 2020) and hedges (Fraser, 2010) are identified in the conversation as well. Moreover, the analysis also reveals if adjacency pairs (Schegloff, 2007) are formed through the teenager’s answers. Mr. Crane uses requestives, questions and requirements in his initiating interventions. He resorts to directives in the form of yes/no questions and he also uses negations in their structure. He uses multiple directives that follow one another so as to put pressure on the teenager. The lawyer threatens the teenager’s negative face, while the teenager threatens the lawyer’s positive face. It can be noticed that he can rarely assign her the turn, so the adjacency pairs question-answer and request-granting/rejection are seldom formed. The story Tell the Truth… could be considered a story in which both characters do not tell the truth, as various speech acts infringe on the sincerity condition.
Parallel and Comparable Corpora for Terminology Analysis in the Domain of Migration
Authors:   Mykolas Romeris University, Ušinskienė Olga , Rackevičienė Sigita
Published: July 2023

The aim of the paper is to present the bilingual (English – Lithuanian) corpora compiled for research on specialised language in the domain of migration. The topic of migration is found to be one of the most significant themes for discussion recently. In 2021-2022, migration through the EU eastern borders increased considerably and obtained new dimensions as it was used for organizing hybrid attacks against EU states. Terminology of migration is of immense importance both for migrating people and politicians, officials and border officers dealing with the migration crisis. Corpus linguistics methods can enable analysing various aspects of migration terms and thus contribute to terminology management of this domain. Two types of bilingual corpora were compiled for the research: parallel and comparable. The parallel corpus was composed of international legal acts on migration issues: their original version in English and translations into Lithuanian. The parallel corpus includes the EU legal acts and other documents as well as legal acts of international organisations – the United Nations and the Council of Europe. Meanwhile, the comparable corpus was composed of Lithuanian and UK national legal acts and other documents from the migration domain written in the original English and Lithuanian languages. The compiled corpora allow to analyse migration terms in international and national settings: to model and compare the terminological-concept structures of the domain as well as to study formation and usage patterns of the terms in international and national documents.
Le français des Sports. Quels enjeux pour la recherche linguistique ? Étude d’un corpus d’articles sur les Jeux olympiques de Tokyo (2021)
Authors: Zanoaga Teodor-Florin
Published: July 2023

Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d’analyser du point de vue linguistique un corpus de textes parus dans le journal le Monde qui présentent le déroulement des Jeux Olympiques de Tokyo (2021) dans le but de voir comment il peut nous aider pour étudier le français des sports, un objectif spécifique insuffisamment traités par les linguistes jusqu’à présent. Une attention particulière sera accordée aux particularités lexicales et aux sources de l’expressivité. Cet événement sportif peut être exploité de multiples façons du point de vue didactique. Il faudra intégrer dans une recherche future les données obtenues de la comparaison entre les glossaires de mots spécifiques à diverses branches sportives et les matériaux audio-visuels présents sur la plate-forme YouTube.
Aproximación analítica sobre la comprensión de la lengua con fines específicos: los textos académicos por parte de estudiantes universitarios
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Catalá Pérez Manuela , Jordan Núñez Kenneth , Cortiñas López Andrea
Published: July 2023

Este artículo está relacionado con un amplio programa de investigación que tiene como objetivo analizar la comprensión lectora en lengua española por parte de los estudiantes universitarios. Los autores adoptan una perspectiva lingüística y centran la atención exclusivamente en textos académicos a los que los alumnos se han enfrentado a lo largo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en sus correspondientes grados. Se considera que la comprensión lectora forma parte de la competencia comunicativa e implica el conocimiento y empleo del código lingüístico, concebido este como una unidad que relaciona ideas y argumentos en tres niveles: coherencia, corrección y cohesión. La comprensión lectora, por tanto, va indefectiblemente unida al código lingüístico. Los datos, resultados y conclusiones que presenta este texto corresponden a un primer estadio de investigación, mediante el que se pretende verificar la eficacia de la metodología propuesta y determinar hasta qué punto es fiable la herramienta que se ha empleado para medir el grado de comprensión lectora (test de cloze). Sin embargo, se presenta la metodología y el diseño definitivo de las pruebas que esperan poder utilizarse en fases posteriores del proyecto.
La lengua del turismo en la era de la transformación digital: el léxico en el ámbito del turismo cultural y su enfoque en la sostenibilidad
Authors:   Universitat de les Illes Balears, Serra Pfennig Isabel
Published: July 2023

La innovación del turismo como actividad profesional ha favorecido al desarrollo y mejora de las tecnologías turísticas. Los estudios de Calvi, entre otros investigadores, han dado como resultado la creación de un léxico especializado en el cual los anglicismos y otros neologismos son una fuente importante del léxico del turismo en torno al lenguaje del turismo. Se ha efectuado este estudio desde nuestro entorno, las Islas Baleares, como destino turístico inteligente. También se han analizado algunas de las terminologías asociadas al turismo sostenible que definen un tipo de turismo y con ello contribuir al estudio sobre el impacto de la digitalización en el léxico de este sector.
Systematic review and meta-analyses on the accuracy of diagnostic tests for IgE-mediated food allergy
Authors: RIGGIONI CARMEN , Ricci Cristian , Moya Beatriz , Wong Dominic , Goor Evi van , Bartha I , Buyuktiryaki Betul , Giovannini Mattia , Jayasinghe Sashini , Jaumdally Hannah , Marques-Mejias Andreina , Piletta-Zanin Alexandre , Berbenyuk Anna , Andreeva Margarita , Levina Daria , Spiridonova Ekaterina , Roberts Graham , Chu Derek , Peters Rachel , Toit George Du , Skypala Isabel , Santos Alexandra
Published: July 2023

Abstract:Background: The European Academy of Allergy
and Clinical Immunology’s (EAACI) is updating the Guidelines on Food
Allergy Diagnosis. We aimed to undertake a systematic review of the
literature with meta-analyses to assess the accuracy of diagnostic tests
for IgE-mediated food allergy. Methods: We searched three
databases (Cochrane CENTRAL (Trials), MEDLINE (OVID) and Embase (OVID))
for diagnostic test accuracy studies published between 1
October 2012 and 30 June 2021
according to a previously published protocol (CRD42021259186). We
independently screened abstracts, extracted data from full-texts, and
assessed risk of bias with QUADRAS 2 tool in duplicate. Meta analyses
were undertaken for food-test combination where 3 or more studies were
available. Results: 149 studies comprising 24,489 patients met
the inclusion criteria and were generally heterogeneous. 60.4% of
studies were in children ≤12 years of age, 54.3% undertaken in Europe,
≥95% conducted in a specialized pediatric or allergy clinical setting
and all included oral food challenge in at least a percentage of
enrolled patients, in 21.5% DBPCFC. Skin prick test (SPT) with fresh
cow’s milk and raw egg had high sensitivity (90% and 94%) for milk and
cooked egg allergies. Specific IgE to individual components had high
specificity: Ara h 2 had 92%, Cor a 14 95%, Ana o 3 94%, casein 93%,
ovomucoid 92/91% for the diagnosis of peanut, hazelnut, cashew, cow’s
milk and raw/cooked egg allergies, respectively. BAT was highly specific
for the diagnosis of peanut (90%) and sesame (93%) allergies.
Conclusions: SPT and specific IgE to extracts had high
sensitivity whereas specific IgE to components and BAT had high
specificity to support the diagnosis of individual food allergies.
PROSPERO registration: CRD42021259186 Funding:
European Academy of Allergy (EAACI).
Outcomes of Autologous Reconstruction in Comparison with Alloplastic in Microtia Patients
Authors: Widodo Dini Widiarni , Irfan Irfan , Safitri Eka Dian , Reksodiputro Mirta Hediyati
Published: July 2023

Background: Microtia is a congenital abnormality of the auricle. One of the important comprehensive management of microtia is ear reconstruction. Reconstruction using an auricle framework from autologous material originating from the rib cartilages is still the gold standard. However, currently, some surgeons prefer alloplastic materials which are claimed to reduce morbidity and can be performed at a younger age. Objective: Report a case of a microtia patient who underwent autologous reconstruction followed by a literature search comparing the outcomes of autologous and alloplastic reconstruction. Case: An 11-year-old with grade 3 unilateral microtia who underwent autologous reconstruction surgery using materials from the rib cartilages. Later he complained of pain at the rib grafting site, more than at the surgical wound in the ear. Methods: A literature search based on the clinical question was done in PubMed, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, and by hand searching. Results: Three relevant articles that fit the clinical question were included. Autologous reconstruction causes fewer complications, while alloplastic reconstruction is better aesthetically. Further research is needed regarding the quality of life. Conclusion: Auricular reconstruction using autologous material remains the superior material of choice. Alloplastic framework can be an alternative choice with better aesthetic results but greater complication risk.
Level of Evidence Diagnosis Skabies Berdasarkan Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine
Authors: Gunardi Keiko , Sungkar Prof Saleha , Widaty Sandra , Irawan Yudo
Published: July 2023

Abstrak

Skabies merupakan masalah kesehatan komunitas di seluruh dunia dan penyakit ini menjadi infeksi tropis yang sering terabaikan di Indonesia. Manifestasi kulit pada skabies yang tidak khas, namun tetap digunakan sebagai dasar dalam mendiagnosis skabies dengan tambahan pemeriksaan mikroskopik langsung. Tinjauan pustaka ini membahas penegakan diagnostik skabies berdasarkan level of evidence dari berbagai pemeriksaan penunjang. Pemeriksaan penunjang yang dibahas adalah pemeriksaan langsung mikroskopik, pemeriksaan dermoskopi, dan pemeriksaan imunologi antara lain Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) yang mempunyai LoE 1B. Pemahaman yang tepat mengenai metode diagnosis skabies akan memberikan tata laksana serta mendukung eradikasi penyakit ini.

 

Abstract

Scabies become a public health burden worldwide and the most common neglected tropical skin diseases in Indonesia. However, atypical skin manifestations are frequent and the widely used diagnostic test based on microscopic examinations has limited sensitivity. This literature review discuss about diagnostic method in patient with scabies according to level of evidence. We compared the classical manifestation, the new diagnostic consensus criteria, microscopic examination, dermoscopy examination and immunological assay such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) categorized in LoE 1B. The knowledge about the diagnostic method will give an effective treatment for scabies patient and will eradicate this disease.
Successful Management of Complex Congenital Cataract and Its Complication: A Case Report
Authors: Estu Yulia Dian , Harniza Yulika , Amanda Lia
Published: July 2023

Management of cataract and its complication after surgery in a child with complex congenital cataract where accompanied by other ocular abnormality can pose a great surgical challenge. This case report described a case of an 18-year-old girl with slowly decreasing vision after undergoing surgery charity on the right eye (RE) around 4 months ago due to cataract which she had since birth. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) preoperatively of the RE and LE was 6/60 and 0,5/60 respectively. Ocular assessment was pseudophakia with Posterior Capsular Opacity (PCO) on the RE and cataract on the left eye (LE) accompanied by microcornea, nystagmus and coloboma of iris and retina on both eyes. Secondary posterior capsulotomy surgery was done on the RE and cataract extraction, Primary Posterior Capsulotomy (PPC) on the LE with Anterior Vitrectomy (AV) on both eyes. Last follow-up postoperatively showed a significant improvement of uncorrected visual acuity on her RE from 0.5/60 preoperatively to 6/30, meanwhile only subjective improvement of VA was found on her LE. This case can achieve visual improvement with promptly surgical treatment without complication and routine monitoring still needs to be done.
Characteristic of Skin Diseases in Two Public Boarding Schools Occupantsin West Java 2018
Authors: Widaty Sandra , Saputra Joses , Suprapto Novita , Natasha Joanne , Azis Mochamad H , Lestarini Dewi , Legiawati Lili , Surachmiati Lis , Irawan Yudo
Published: July 2023

Skin diseases are among the most common diseases found in developing countries, and it is very commonly encountered especially in children living in groups. This study aimed to identify the ten most common skin diseases in two public boarding schools in West Java and the environmental factors that influence them. This study was part of large scabies and pediculosis study in two public boarding schools on 2018 in West Java. Diagnosis was made through history taking and physical examination using Deskabâ instrument. The results showed that 93% of children had skin diseases. Skin diseases were found to be higher in girls (94.5%) than in boys (91.1%), but no significant differences (p= 0.08) were obtained. The most common skin diseases were pediculosis (50.14%), scabies (40.51%), dermatitis (8.15%), dermatophytosis (6.6%), insect bite hypersensitivity (6.18%), post-inflammatory hypo/hyperpigmentation (4.92%), acne vulgaris (3.51%), miliaria (3.37%), xerosis cutis (2.25%), and folliculitis (1.83%). Some environmental factors might influence the incidence of infectious skin diseases in public boarding schools, such as open-space areas, the number of bedrooms, and the number of individuals occupying each bedroom.
Vaginal Estrogen Cream in Menopausal Women Using Pessary to Reduce Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: Hakim Surahman , Santoso Budi Iman , Surya Raymond , Kurniawan Andrew Pratama
Published: July 2023

Vaginal estrogen cream has widely been used for vaginal atrophy in menopausal women. However, the effectiveness in preventing bacterial vaginosis (BV) in women with pessary is limited. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of vaginal estrogen cream in preventing bacterial vaginosis in menopausal uterine prolapse women with a pessary. A literature search was conducted on PubMed®, Scopus®, and google scholar® before May 2022 using MeSH. Two investigators searched, extracted, and appraised the evidence. The studies were appraised using the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Oxford, randomized controlled trial appraisal tools. There were two articles appropriate to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both studies were valid, important and applicable to our case. The relative risk of bacterial vaginosis after locally applied vaginal estrogen was 0.91-0.92, with a number needed to treat (NNT) 63.3-186.6. Estrogen vaginal cream did not reduce the risk of BV for menopausal women with pessary in the short term; however, BV incidence is reduced in the longer term.
Blok Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) pada Operasi Tulang Belakang Lumbal: Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti
Authors: Yuneva Annisaa , Tita Maria Y. , Herianti Hana F. , Omega Andy , Firdaus Riyadh
Published: July 2023

Pada pasien yang menjalani operasi tulang belakang area lumbal, nyeri pasca operasi merupakan salah satu yang menyebabkan tingginya kebutuhan opioid, memperpanjang durasi lama rawat, dan ketidakpuasan pada pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah. menentukan efektivitas blok erector spinae plane (ESP) pada operasi tulang belakang area lumbal berdasarkan langkah-langkah Evidence-based Medicine (EBM). Pencarian literatur dilakukan sesuai pertanyaan klinis dan terstruktur menggunakan PubMed, Cochrane Library, dan ProQuest. Pada artikel yang terpilih kemudian dilakukan telaah kritis terhadap kesahihan (validity), pentingnya hasil (importance), dan kemamputerapan (applicability) pada hasil. Setelah proses seleksi sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan satu artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan laporan ini, berupa 5 RCT dan 2 tinjauan sistematis. Luaran dari studi ini melingkupi nyeri pasca operasi, kebutuhan analgesi tambahan, insidensi post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), kepuasan pasien, dan komplikasi blok ESP. Disimpulkan, blok ESP efektif dalam memberikan analgesi intraoperatif dan pasca operasi pada pasien yang menjalani operasi tulang belakang area lumbal, dengan prosedur yang relatif aman dan komplikasi minimal.
Role of Hydrodistention and Intravesical Hyaluronic Acid in Treatment of Bladder Pain Syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Ridwan Fanny Riana , Yusuf Bagus Baskoro , Rahardjo Harrina Erlianti
Published: July 2023

Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) causes decreased mental and physical quality of life. The diagnosis and treatment of BPS must be made effective; however, the treatment of BPS was still not satisfactory for most patients. Two cases of BPS were presented to the urology clinic and were treated with a combination of hydrodistention and intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) periodically. After 3-8 hydrodistension and hyaluronic acid instillation, the patients showed symptom improvement indicated by O’Leary Sant Questionnaire (symptom score 19-21 before treatment became 3-4 after treatment, problem score 8-16 before treatment became 0-2 after treatment), visual analogue scale (7-10 before treatment to 3-4 after treatment), and the global response assessment (GRA) scale were markedly improved. Both patients had glomerulations during cystoscopy, and the second had Hunner Lesion. A pathological examination of bladder biopsy specimens indicated acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. The combination of hydrodistention and intravesical HA was beneficial for treating BPS in this study. Further study such as a clinical trial is needed to prove the efficacy and safety of this treatment.
Model Prolaps Uteri Berdasarkan Risiko Klinis dan Biologi Molekular
Authors: Erwinanto Erwinanto , Santoso Budi I. , Junizaf Junizaf , Pramono Noor , Fachiroch Jajah , Yusra Yusra , Bardosono Saptawati , Wijaya Indra
Published: July 2023

Prevalensi prolaps uteri tergolong tinggi dan meningkat sejalan dengan paritas. Angka tersebut akanterus meningkat karena usia harapan hidup perempuan juga meningkat. Hal tersebut berdampak padakualitas hidup perempuan. Faktor risiko klinis yang saling terkait proses perkembangan prolaps uteri adalahkehamilan, persalinan, berat lahir bayi, obesitas, menopause, kebiasaan mengangkat benda berat, batuklama, dan konstipasi. Kerusakan penyokong organ panggul (ligamen dan fasia) ditandai dengan perubahantingkat selular. Protein Hoxa11, Col3a1, dan MMP menunjukkan perbedaan ekspresi pada ligamen sakrouterina (LSU) pasien prolaps uteri dibandingkan LSU normal. Perubahan histologi LSU juga berkaitan denganperubahan matriks ekstra seluler (extra cellular matrix/ECM). Perlu dipahami pula pengaruh genetik padahomeostasis ECM dan interaksi masing-masing. Beberapa penelitian terakhir menunjukkan perubahan DNA,seperti pada gen HOXA11 yang memberikan kode dalam perkembangan LSU dan pada gen Col3a1 yangmemberikan kode dalam pembentukan protein untuk memperkuat jaringan tubuh. Interaksi faktor klinis danperubahan internal dalam tubuh dapat memberikan pemahaman tentang penyebab mendasar prolaps uteriyang mendukung pengembangan pilihan penatalaksanaan pasien prolaps uteri.
Hubungan Pemanfaatan E-Learning terhadap Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
Authors: Said Nurfiyan W.U.U. , Novitasari Andra , Arfiyanti Mega P. , Romadhoni Romadhoni
Published: July 2023

Motivasi belajar mahasiswa bersifat dinamis atau dapat berubah setiap waktu. Penurunan motivasi belajar akan berdampak terhadap prestasi akademik dan meningkatkan risiko dropout pada mahasiswa. Mahasiswa telah menjadi pemakai internet terbesar dan e-learning memiliki peluang yang besar untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemanfaatan e-learning terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2022 dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan analitik observasional dan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel adalah mahasiswa tahum kedua dam ketiga Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Miuhammadiyah Semarang. Sampel dipilih menggunakan total sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Rank Spearman. Responden memiliki pemanfaatan e-learning baik (51,9%) dan motivasi belajar tinggi (90,7%) serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan korelasi positif antara Pemanfaatan e-learning terhadap motivasi belajar dengan kekuatan korelasi kuat (uji Rank Spearman,p = 0,000 dan r = 0,730). Pemanfaatan E-learning berhubungan signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang.