bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLANNING AND JOURNALING THE AGROPOLITAN PROJECT: A FOCUS ON INCOME ANALYSIS FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Authors:   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Terengganu., Khairi Ismail Mohd , Faizuddin Ahmad Fadullah Muhammad ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Terengganu., Zuriati Amani Ab Rani Nor ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Kelantan., Suriati Nik Hassan Nik ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Kelantan., Hassan Norsilawati ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Kelantan., Sabrina Zahari Nor ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Kelantan.
Published: October 2024

Although Malaysias poverty rate has decreased, there are still people who suffer from extreme poverty, especially in rural areas. The agropolitan project under the Rural Mega Leap Program (PLMLB) is a program aimed at eradicating extreme poverty and expediting progress in rural regions. The achievements of agropolitan projects are evaluated through the extent to which they help participants to get out of extreme poverty and are measured using Poverty Line Income (PGK). However, PGK only takes into account income and consumption and does not take into account non-monetary aspects such as living conditions, basic facilities and so on. Therefore, this research intends to examinethe effects of the implementationof this project on the participants in eradicating poverty and towards a sustainable livelihood. Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) is used to measure poverty in this study along with its applicationof PGK. A study using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (KPL), was conducted at the Gahai Agropolitan Project in Lipis, Pahang, involved 45 participants. Research data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22 software and Microsoft Excel. Studies show that theproposed project is useful to eradicating poverty and contributing to sustainable livelihoods. Calculation of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) shows that the individuals involved are not subjected to multidimensional poverty.In addition, the participants are also exempted from extreme poverty and experience increased income within five years of participating in the Gahai Agropolitan Project. From the aspect of sustainable living, the results of the study show that the participants experience high vulnerability. Analysis of asset ownership shows that the participants of theAgropolitan Project have good asset ownership. Analysis of the regression model of income determinants for the participants demonstrate that financial assets are an important factor affecting income. According to the findings of this study, there are several recommendations for policy implications to evaluate participants or non-participants of agropolitan projects, which is to consider the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (KPL) in rural development and use the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) as a complement to the PGK.
THE ROLE OF HOSPITAL DESIGN IN IMPROVING PATIENT RECOVERY
Authors:   Healthcare Strategist., Phuria Sagar ,   MicroBachelors in Anatomy and Physiology, SNHU.MicroBachelors in Neuroscience Fundamentals, Harvard University.,   PG Executive Healthcare Management, LIBA (Chennai).,   MBA in Healthcare Management, Woolf University, Europe CCGP (RCGP, NHS).,   DBA Candidate, Golden Gate University, San Francisco, USA.,   MS Cardiology Candidate, University of Buckingham, England.
Published: October 2024

Hospital design is more than aesthetics-its a clinical tool. From reducing infection rates to promoting faster recovery, well-designed spaces play a crucial roleinpatientoutcomes.
THE IMPACT OF MGNREGA ON TRIBAL POPULATION: A CASE STUDY OF JALPAIGURI DISTRICT IN WEST BENGAL
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Political Science Government General Degree College, Keshiary., Das Kaushik
Published: October 2024

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) was passed in 2005 and went into effect on February 2, 2006, covering 200 districts across India. Later on, this scheme was renamed the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) in 2009.This act was passed to improve the stability of rural livelihoods by offering every household whose adult members agreed to perform unskilled manual labour 100 days of guaranteed pay employment in each financial year.The Ministry of Rural Development implements this scheme in partnership with state governments. The local governance bodies, such as Panchayati Raj Institutions, play an important role in the project development and implementation ofthis scheme in rural India. MGNREGS programs include water conservation, drought mitigation, land development, rural connection, and other rural infrastructure-building initiativeschosen according to local requirements and priorities.We selected the Jalpaiguri district for our study because it has several problems such as seasonal lockouts of tea plantations, shuttered tea gardens, unemployed laborers in isolated and closed forest villages, no heavy industry since independence, etc. In this paper we attempt to find out whether the implementation of the MGNREGA program in the Jalpaiguri district has improved the livelihood of the Tribal Population in the district and also how effective this program is in dealing with the unemployment problem among the ST population in the district.This study is based on both primary and secondary data from two blocks of Jalpaiguri district i.e. Mal and Nagrakata blockscovering the period 2017-18 to 2022-23. And from each block, I have chosen the two most populace GPs within the blocks.Although the MGNREGS is a good program for reducing rural poverty and unemployment, our primary survey reveals inadequate results in terms of job creation for tribal peoples and those living in the remote tea garden areas within the district. Furthermore, this scheme does not improve Scheduled Tribes (STs) standard of living by providing jobs and promoting their participation in village affairs, hence it is less effective as the participation of ST workers against active workers currently stands at only 12.86 percent.
A STUDY OF POPULAR ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PORTALS (WEB APPS) IN INDIA
Authors:   Master of Education (2023-25 Batch - College Roll No. 04) - Shiv College of Education Tigaon (Faridabad), Affiliated to Chaudhary Ranbir Singh University Jind, Haryana., Singh More Jagdeep
Published: October 2024

This research paper investigates the landscape of popular online educational portals in India, examining their features, user engagement, and impact on learning outcomes. As the demand for digital education surges, especially post-pandemic, platforms like BYJUS and Unacademy have emerged as significant players. The study employs a study of secondary data from the selected portals. Key metrics analysed include user accessibility, content variety, pedagogical effectiveness, and user satisfaction. Findings reveal a diverse range of educational resources tailored to different learning needs, highlighting the effectiveness of interactive tools and personalized learning paths. A Modern-Day Approach: The NEP 2020 has a special focus on online education. Universities and institutions like NITs and IGNOU will be conducting pilot research studies to maximize the benefits of digital learning in India. Online tools and platforms like DIKSHA and SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds) will be upgraded with new insight into training content, in-class resources, assessment aids, profiles, etc. that will allow seamless interaction. It also focuses on the creation of public digital and interoperable infrastructure that can be utilised by multiple platforms. NEP 2020 emphasizes the creation of virtual labs wherein students can practice their theoretical knowledge and make course content available in different languages. The newly renamed Ministry of Education proposes to set up a dedicated unit for the promotion of digital learning. The dedicated unit will comprise experts from the field of education, educational technology, administration, and e-governance who will focus on the online learning needs of both the school and higher education. More emphasis will be given to online assessment and examinations. The present age is driven by digital technology and the whole globe comes under the influence of the Internet and the World Wide Web. The internet equipped both the education seeker as well as the education provider and laid them together under the virtual roof. Due to this, the concept of virtual classrooms is already popularized across the globe. Therefore, in the modern era, the role of online technology in providing education is vital and with its flexible nature online educational technology has gained popularity. The online education is now more accessible to the less privileged groups in comparison to the centralized classroom education system.
Pedagogical and mentoring activities of the blind writer Vasily Eroshenko as a subject of research in the work of his memorial museum
Authors:   House Museum of V. Ya. Eroshenko, Novikova Tatyana S. , Zakharova Tatyana A. ,   House Museum of V. Ya. Eroshenko
Published: October 2024

The article examines the study of the activities of the symbolist writer, professional typhlopedagogue and wise mentor, Vasily Yakovlevich Eroshenko (12.01.1890–12.23.1952), as one of the priority areas of work of the House Museum of V. Ya. Eroshenko in his homeland — in the Starooskolsky region. The writer, a native of the village of Obukhovka, Starooskolsky district, Kursk province (now Starooskolsky district, Belgorod region), lived and worked, including creating schools for the visually impaired, in different countries of the world. Blinded at an early age, he understood the problems of the blind like no one else and studied all his life, engaged in self-education, thanks to this he was able to achieve success in various fields of activity. Vasily Yakovlevich’s innovative pedagogical method brought effective results, his students were able to live a full life and bring all possible benefits to society. The authors of the article highlight the main aspects of the writer’s worldview aimed at creating schools for the blind in different countries. V. Ya. Eroshenko considered the boarding school for the blind in Turkmenistan to be the main business of his life. The article contains the memoirs of his grateful Turkmen students. The memoirs are kept in the funds of the Starooskolsky Museum of Local Lore, they are written in a living language. One can imagine what a sensitive and wonderful teacher V. Ya. Eroshenko was. His unique teaching methods and extraordinary organizational skills motivated people with disabilities to live a full life. One of the priorities in the activities of the literary Memorial House Museum of V. Ya. Eroshenko is the popularization of the ascetic life and the unique literary and pedagogical experience of the writer and mentor. The staff of the house museum has experience in creating and implementing projects aimed at the socio-cultural rehabilitation of the visually impaired, thus they continue the mission of Eroshenko himself. The expediency of broadcasting such an experience is justified. It is concluded that the results of this study are relevant and in demand in modern museum realities.
Immunohistochemical Expression of P63 and P40 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
Authors: Zahid Aima , Akhtar Raana , Hameed Samreen , Mughal Zunairah , Talat Haseeba , Muzaffar Aliya
Published: October 2024

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in head and neck region has a high worldwide prevalence. Increased accuracy in diagnosis is achieved by immunohistochemical markers.
Objectives: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of p63 and p40 in SCC and correlate with histological grades to determine p40 as a better potential diagnostic immunohistochemical marker for SCC. 
Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on eighty-three cases of SCC of head and neck from March 2020 to February,2022 at Pathology Department, KEMU, Lahore. Data including age, sex, risk factors and tumor site was collected. SCC grading was done on H&E stained tissue sections. Staining with p63 and p40 was performed and independently scored for percentage of tumor cells stained and intensity of nuclear staining. The results were compared using H-scores in all grades of SCC. Data was entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS-26). Quantitative variables like age were presented as mean ±SD. Qualitative variables as frequency and percentages. Correlation of two groups was done by applying Chi-square test. P value ≤0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: SCC was graded according to the W.H.O. grading system. All cases stained positive for p63 and p40. Strong nuclear staining by p40 was observed in 65.02% cases versus 42.17% by p63. The mean tumor area stained by p40 was greater than p63 (90.35% vs 75.5%) in all cases. A significant higher mean H-score for p40 (9.69±2.86) versus p63 (7.05±3.12) was observed as indicated by significant P-value. The mean H-score of p40 immunoreactivity was 10.11 and p63 was 6.00 in poorly differentiated SCC. Males comprised 74.70% cases whereas females 25.30% only. SCC in oral cavity was (96.39%) followed by oropharynx and larynx.
Conclusion: P40 immunohistochemical marker was better compared to P63 for the diagnosis of SCC particularly in poorly differentiated SCC.
Death Anxiety and Depression among Nurses: The Mediating Role of Empathy
Authors: Parveen Uzma , Kazmi Umm E Rubab , Anees Sanober
Published: October 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected life all over the world. Death anxiety has a significant impact on the mental health of individuals, especially in the health care professionals. The fear and apprehension surrounding mortality has significantly affected nurses, leading to various mental health challenges, including depression. While the awareness of death can impose substantial psychological strain, it can also foster positive traits essential for patient care, such as empathy.
Objective: The study identifies the relationship between death anxiety, depression and empathy. It also explores the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between death anxiety and depression among nurses.
Method: A cross-sectional research design and a purposive sampling strategy were used to collect data from nurses (N=200) working at different government and private hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants' ages ranged from 23 to 52. The Siddiqui-Shah Depression Scale, Urdu-translated versions of the Death Anxiety Scale, and Jefferson Scale of Empathy were administered to nurses.
Results: The results reveal a positive relation between death anxiety with depression (r= .43**) and empathy (r = .31**). Death anxiety and empathy were found to be significant predictors of depression. Furthermore, empathy was found to be a significant mediator between death anxiety and depression.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, clinical psychologists may devise various interventions/management plans to manage death anxiety and depression among nurses.
Xanthogranulomatous mastitis in a female dog
Authors: de Oliveira Soares Elisa , Davi dos Santos Ezequiel , Bielak dos Santos Aline , Parisotto Reginatto Débora , Cristina Peretti Jéssica , Costa da Motta Adriana
Published: October 2024

Xanthogranulomatous mastitis (MXG) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition of the breast. In women, it raises concern and requires a biopsy due to the clinical-radiological similarity with breast neoplasia. The definitive diagnosis is given through histopathological examination. In canine females, chronic benign non-neoplastic lesions in the mammary glands are not frequently described, such as MXG. The objective of this work is to describe the clinicopathological findings of a case of xanthogranulomatous mastitis in a female canine. The case occurred in a female Pinscher breed, 8 years old, not castrated, who presented irregular heat, in addition to a history of galactorrhea and treatment with antigalactogenic drugs. The physical examination revealed the presence of a nodule in the left mammary chain, affecting the caudal thoracic mammary gland (M2E). Due to the fear that it was a malignant neoplasm, the treatment was a radical mastectomy of the left mammary chain, followed by an anatomopathological examination of all glands. Histologically, the M2E nodule was made up of cracks and cholesterol crystals associated with the presence of numerous lipid-laden macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, characterizing it as xanthogranulomatous mastitis.
National Trends in the Prevalence of Self-Perceived Overweight Among Adolescents Between 2005 and 2022: Nationwide Representative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jeong Jinyoung , Lee Seungjun , Lee Kyeongmin , Kim Seokjun , Park Jaeyu , Son Yejun , Lee Hyeri , Lee Hayeon , Kang Jiseung , Rahmati Masoud , Pizzol Damiano , Smith Lee , López Sánchez Guillermo F , Dragioti Elena , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent , Woo Selin , Rhee Sang Youl , Yon Dong Keon
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Despite several studies on self-evaluation of health and body shape, existing research on the risk factors of self-perceived overweight is insufficient, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the risk factors affecting self-perceived overweight and examine how the prevalence of self-perceived overweight has changed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we analyzed the impact of altered lifestyles due to COVID-19 on this phenomenon.

METHODS

The data used in the study were obtained from middle and high school students who participated in the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (N=1,189,586). This survey was a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling survey representative of South Korean adolescents. We grouped the survey results by year and estimated the slope in the prevalence of self-perceived overweight before and during the pandemic using weighted linear regression, as well as the prevalence tendencies of self-perceived overweight according to various risk factors. We used prevalence ratios to identify the risk factors for self-perceived overweight. In addition, we conducted comparisons of risk factors in different periods to identify their associations with the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS

The prevalence of self-perceived overweight was much higher than BMI-based overweight among 1,189,586 middle and high school participants (grade 7-12) from 2005 to 2022 (female participants: n=577,102, 48.51%). From 2005 to 2019 (prepandemic), the prevalence of self-perceived overweight increased (β=2.80, 95% CI 2.70-2.90), but from 2020 to 2022 (pandemic) it decreased (β=–0.53, 95% CI –0.74 to –0.33). During the pandemic, individuals with higher levels of stress or lower household economic status exhibited a more substantial decrease in the rate of self-perceived overweight. The prevalence of self-perceived overweight tended to be higher among individuals with poor academic performance, lower economic status, poorer subjective health, and a higher stress level.

CONCLUSIONS

Our nationwide study, conducted over 18 years, indicated that self-perceived overweight decreased during the COVID-19 period while identifying low academic performance and economic status as risk factors. These findings suggest the need for policies and facilities to address serious dieting and body dissatisfaction resulting from self-perceived overweight by developing counseling programs for adolescents with risk factors such as lower school performance and economic status.
Digital Health Readiness: Making Digital Health Care More Inclusive (Preprint)
Authors: Bober Timothy , Rollman Bruce L , Handler Steven , Watson Andrew , Nelson Lyndsay A , Faieta Julie , Rosland Ann-Marie
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

This paper proposes an approach to assess digital health readiness in clinical settings to understand how prepared, experienced, and equipped individual people are to participate in digital health activities. Existing digital health literacy and telehealth prediction tools exist but do not assess technological aptitude for particular tasks or incorporate available electronic health record data to improve efficiency and efficacy. As such, we propose a multidomain digital health readiness assessment that incorporates a person’s stated goals and motivations for use of digital health, a focused digital health literacy assessment, passively collected data from the electronic health record, and a focused aptitude assessment for critical skills needed to achieve a person’s goals. This combination of elements should allow for easy integration into clinical workflows and make the assessment as actionable as possible for health care providers and in-clinic digital health navigators. Digital health readiness profiles could be used to match individuals with support interventions to promote the use of digital tools like telehealth, mobile apps, and remote monitoring, especially for those who are motivated but do not have adequate experience. Moreover, while effective and holistic digital health readiness assessments could contribute to increased use and greater equity in digital health engagement, they must also be designed with inclusivity in mind to avoid worsening known disparities in digital health care.
Temporal Trends in the Prevalence of Child Undernutrition in China From 2000 to 2019, With Projections of Prevalence in 2030: Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Li Sijia , Zhai Zidan , Qiu Ting , Zhou Yu , Zhang Heng
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Although the problem of malnutrition among children in China has greatly improved in recent years, there is a gap compared to developed countries, and there are differences between provinces. Research on long-term comprehensive trends in child growth failure (CGF) in China is needed for further improvement.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine trends in stunting, wasting, and underweight among children younger than 5 years in China from 2000 to 2019, and predict CGF till 2030.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the local burden of disease (LBD) database. Using Joinpoint Regression Software, we examined trends in CGF among children younger than 5 years in China from 2000 to 2019, and predicted the trends of prevalence in 2030, using the Holt-Winters model with trends but without seasonal components. The assessment was performed with Stata 17 (StataCorp). Data were analyzed from October 17, 2023, to November 22, 2023.

RESULTS

In 2019, the prevalences of stunting, wasting, and underweight decreased to 12%, 3%, and 4%, respectively (decreases of 36.9%, 25.0%, and 42.9%, respectively, compared with the values in 2000). The prevalence of CGF decreased rapidly from 2000 to 2010, and the downward trend slowed down after 2010. Most provinces had stagnated processes of trends after 2017. The age group with the highest stunting prevalence was children aged 1 to 4 years, and the highest prevalence of wasting and underweight was noted in early neonatal infants. From 2000 to 2019, the prevalence of CGF declined in all age groups of children. The largest relative decrease in stunting and underweight was noted in children aged 1 to 4 years, and the largest decrease in wasting was noted in early neonatal infants. The prevalences of stunting, wasting, and underweight in China are estimated to decrease to 11.4%, 3.2%, and 4.1%, respectively, by 2030. China has nationally met the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Targets for 2030 for stunting but not for wasting.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides data on the prevalence and trends of CGF among children younger than 5 years and reports declines in CGF. There remain areas with slow progress in China. Most units have achieved the goal for stunting prevalence but not wasting prevalence.
Home-Based Virtual Reality Training for Enhanced Balance, Strength, and Mobility Among Frail Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Alhasan Hammad , Alandijani Elaf , Bahamdan Lara , Khudary Ghofran , Aburaya Yara , Awali Abdulaziz , Alshehri Mansour
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Frailty is a significant concern for older adults, it involves a decline in physiological systems, leading to increased vulnerability to falls, hospitalization, and mortality, necessitating effective interventions and one promising approach is the use of Virtual Reality (VR)-based exercises.

OBJECTIVE

To systematically review all published studies investigating the effect of VR as a home-based training modality to improve balance, strength, and mobility in frail and pre-frail older adults.

METHODS

Data Source: Three databases were searched, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, from inception to November 2023.
Eligibility Criteria: Frail and pre-frail older adults aged 65+. Interventions were any VR training. Outcome measures were balance, strength and functional mobility as measured by any validated outcome measure.

RESULTS

Results: Six articles were included, involving 407 participants with a mean age of 68 ±4.4 years. The mean duration of VR sessions was 13.3 ±7.7 weeks, mean total number of sessions was 39.6 ±5.2 sessions, and the mean length of each session was 25.3 ±5 minutes.
Meta-Analysis: VR group demonstrated significant improvements on the Berg Balance Scale compared to both traditional exercise and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 3.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.29 to 4.95; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%). However, non-significant effects were found on Timed Up and Go and Chair Stand tests.
Limitation: Definitive judgement on VR effect on frail and pre-frail older adults is limited due to heterogeneity in interventions, training duration, and outcome measures.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion: VR training enhances balance but yields inconsistent effects on strength and mobility. Further research is required to refine VR interventions for frail older adults.

CLINICALTRIAL

Registration Systematic Review: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023478330.
Improving safety, efficiency, cost, and satisfaction across a musculoskeletal pathway using the Digital Assessment Routing tool for triage:
a quality improvement study. (Preprint)
Authors: Lowe Cabella , Atherton Laura , Lloyd Peter , Waters Anna , Morrissey Dylan
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

The increasing prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions results in an increasing financial burden to societies and healthcare systems. Triaging patients safely and effectively improves outcomes and reduces costs across the pathway, with digital solutions offering potential advantages over traditional methods.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to examine the impact of introducing DART (Digital Assessment Routing Tool) on safety, efficiency, cost and satisfaction across a National Health Service England musculoskeletal service.

METHODS

A quality improvement project utilizing a Plan-Do-Study-Act design and Integrated Knowledge Translation model. All musculoskeletal self-referring patients completed an online DART assessment independently, or with administrative telephone support. Quantitative and qualitative methods evaluated the primary outcome of safety, indicated both by agreement between clinician judgement and DART stratification, and safety incident surveillance. Secondary outcomes included efficiency, cost and satisfaction.

RESULTS

Over 4 months 4076 patients self-referred, 93% self-assessing using DART and the remainder via an administrator. Agreement between clinicians and DART was 96%, no safety incidents occurred, and 203 fewer cases required clinical escalation at initial clinician contact compared to the pre-project period. Administrative time to process self-referrals reduced by 83% with a projected £15,312 (US$20,067)/annum cost-saving. Routing to self-management and an osteoarthritis knee program would reduce costs by £79,590 (US$104,310)/annum when implemented. Further potential savings of £28,476 (US$37,320)/annum were demonstrated by DART screening for service eligibility criteria. Patient satisfaction was 90%, with all 14 administrators and 40 clinicians rating the introduction of DART as a positive service improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

The introduction of DART demonstrated positive outcomes in all measures presenting opportunities to improve safety and efficiency, reduce cost and improve patient and clinician satisfaction. In addition, the successful delivery of an Integrated Knowledge Translation Approach provides a model for other researchers wishing to test and implement digital health within a musculoskeletal service.
Attitudes Regarding Automatic Sharing of Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data Between Healthcare Settings (Preprint)
Authors: Brazer Noah , Tessier-Sherman Baylah , Galusha Deron , Suttiratana Sakinah C , Liu Corrine , Kim Katherine K , Abraham Mark , Nunez-Smith Marcella , Wang Karen H
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Little is known regarding patient attitudes toward automatic sharing of race, ethnicity, and language (REL) data in healthcare settings despite the universal practice of data sharing across healthcare institutions and providers.

OBJECTIVE

Assess public comfort with disclosing and automatically sharing REL data in healthcare settings.

METHODS

Using the 2022 DataHaven Community Wellbeing Survey from 1,034 adult Connecticut residents, we examined factors associated with public comfort with disclosing and automatically sharing REL data across healthcare settings. We generated unadjusted and adjusted logistic models to examine associations between factors and responses to the data-sharing questions.

RESULTS

Hispanic/Latino respondents were less willing to disclose REL data compared to White respondents (p<0.001). Individuals who sometimes trust healthcare providers (p=0.019) or rarely/never (p=0.040) were less willing to disclose REL data than those who almost always. African American/Black (p=0.004) and American Indian/Alaska Native (p<0.001) individuals were less likely to share REL data automatically than White individuals. Those with poor/fair self-rated health (SRH) versus very good/excellent were less likely to automatically share REL data (p=0.010). Individuals with less trust in their healthcare providers were less likely to automatically share REL data.

CONCLUSIONS

Racial and ethnic identity, SRH, and trust in healthcare providers affect willingness to share REL information with providers and other health systems.
Staging in Circumferential Spinal Fusion for Adult Spinal Deformity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Dagli Mert Marcel , Turlip Ryan William , Oettl Felix C , Emara Mohammed , Gujral Jaskeerat , Chauhan Daksh , Ahmad Hasan S , Santangelo Gabriella , Wathen Connor , Ghenbot Yohannes , Arena John D , Golubovsky Joshua L , Gu Ben J , Shin John H , Yoon Jang Won , Ozturk Ali K , Welch William C
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Adult spinal deformity (ASD) is a prevalent condition often treated with circumferential spinal fusion (CF), which can be performed as Staged or Same-Day procedures. However, evidence guiding the choice between these approaches is lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate patient outcomes following Staged and Same-Day CF for ASD.

METHODS

Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in major databases. Eligible studies comparing Staged and Same-Day CF in adults with ASD were included. Data were extracted, and meta-analysis was performed for peri-operative outcomes and adverse events.

RESULTS

Following exclusion criteria, seven studies were included for review. A total of 741 patients undergoing CF for ASD were included in the review (Staged: 331; Same-Day: 410). Four studies that had comparable outcomes were merged for the quantitative meta-analysis and split based on observed measures. Meta-analysis revealed significantly shorter operative time and hospital length of stay for Same-Day CF. Estimated blood loss and peri-operative adverse events trended towards significance favoring Same-Day CF. However, intra-operative and post-operative adverse event, reoperation, and readmission rates showed inconsistent findings between studies. Data quality assessment revealed a moderate degree of bias for all included studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Same-Day CF may offer advantages in terms of shorter operative time and hospital stay compared to Staged CF for ASD. However, there was marked heterogeneity in peri-operative outcomes reporting, and continuous variables were inconsistently presented. This underscored the need for standardized reporting of clinical variables and patient reported outcomes and higher evidence randomized controlled trials to elucidate the clinical superiority of either approach.

CLINICALTRIAL

In accordance with PRISMA-P guidelines, the protocol of the systematic review was registered on the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42022339764) and disseminated through the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Research Protocols (International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/4233)

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/42331
Causas de exodoncia en pacientes de una clínica odontológica universitaria de Acapulco, México
Authors: Blas-Albañil Itzel Almarami , Mares-Manrique Jesús , Juárez-Medel Carlos Alberto , Torres-Ortiz Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La exodoncia es un procedimiento quirúrgico mecánico, destinado a la extracción de órganos dentarios. Objetivo: Describir las causas de exodoncia e identificar factores asociados en pacientes de una clínica odontológica universitaria de Acapulco, México. Material y métodos: Diseño de series de casos con la información de 192 pacientes atendidos durante el ciclo escolar del 2017 al 2019. Mediante el expediente clínico, se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, antecedentes personales patológicos, no patológicos y la causa de la exodoncia. Mediante un análisis multivariado se identificó un factor asociado a la pérdida dental por afecciones con la razón de momios (rm) y su intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC95%) como estimadores de asociación. Resultados: La principal causa de las exodoncias fue por caries con el 68% (131/192). El procedimiento fue más frecuente en las mujeres con 59% (114/192). El 31% (60/192) de los casos fue en el grupo de 36 a 45 años de edad. Los molares fueron los órganos dentarios más extraídos con el 90% (173/192). Respecto al cuadrante, el 33% (62/192) de las extracciones fueron del primer molar mandibular izquierdo. Se identificó un factor en el sentido de riesgo a la pérdida dental por afecciones, el cual fue pertenecer a la zona rural (RMa=10.47; IC95a%=2.62-34.01). Conclusión: La mayor pérdida dental en adultos se da por afecciones orales, donde la caries representa la mayor morbilidad en distintos grupos de edad. Al conocer el factor de riesgo, es necesario implementar campañas de prevención comunitarias que promuevan la educación para la salud.
Fotobiomodulación como coadyuvante en la reducción del dolor postoperatorio en la cirugía de terceros molares. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Hernández-López Angélica , Lorena-Olvera Mayra , Maldonado-Guereca Manuel de Jesús , Gómez Palacio-Gastélum Marcelo , Vargas-Chávez Nohé
Published: October 2024

Introducción. La cirugía de los terceros molares se asocia normalmente a diferentes complicaciones, destacando el dolor postoperatorio como la principal. Comúnmente, la terapéutica se concentra en la prescripción de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos como coadyuvantes para minimizar este el dolor; sin embargo, los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos tienen numerosos efectos secundarios gastrointestinales, renales y hematológicos. Actualmente, en un esfuerzo por ofrecer el mejor tratamiento coadyuvante en el control del dolor postoperatorio que no genere efectos secundarios, se ha sugerido la implementación de la terapia de fotobiomodulación. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión sistemática sobre la efectividad de la implementación de la terapia de fotobiomodulación para la reducción del dolor postoperatorio después de la cirugía de los terceros molares. Materiales y métodos.  Se realizó una búsqueda en 3 bases de datos electrónicas gratuitas: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library. En estas, se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados publicados del 2015 al 2021. Resultados. Se encontró un número bajo de artículos, ninguno contó con un protocolo estandarizado de TFBM, además de no presentar concordancia entre las características de la aplicación de TFBM (longitud deonda, densidad de potencia medida, j/cm2 energía por punto); sin embargo, de los estudios incluidos todos arrojaron una significancia estadística en la disminución del dolor al aplicar TFBM.Conclusión. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en esta revisión, la aplicación de la terapia de fotobiomodulación es efectiva para reducir el dolor postoperatorio después de la cirugía de terceros molares.Palabras clave: Fotobiomodulación, terapia laser de baja intensidad, terceros molares, dolor.
O discurso contemporâneo de negação da ciência sob a ótica da Linguística Aplicada em periódicos científicos brasileiros
Authors: Assunção Emerson Tadeu Cotrim , Cavalcante Filho Urbano
Published: October 2024

A Linguística Aplicada (LA) se aproxima dos seus 80 anos. Na sua vida adulta, trouxe para o centro as questões que os estudos tradicionais da linguagem sempre colocaram para os cantos. Na pandemia provocada pelo novo Coronavírus (2020-2022), não foi diferente: pautou em seus periódicos provocações sobre questões emergenciais de gerenciamento da crise sanitária e de seus desdobramentos na vida do cidadão, a exemplo do enfrentamento aos discursos de negação da ciência. É sobre isso que tratamos aqui neste artigo. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é mapear, categorizar e discutir em 3 periódicos brasileiros (Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada, Trabalhos de Linguística Aplicada e Calidoscópio) as posições discursivas adotadas nos artigos científicos sobre o negacionismo científico no período da pandemia. Seguindo um desenho metodológico da pesquisa qualitativa, adotamos o formato de nuvem de palavras para evidenciar as palavras-chave mais citadas nos artigos publicados nos respectivos periódicos e, em seguida, fazemos um cotejamento dialógico-discursivo com pressupostos da LA. As análises mostram que o negacionismo esteve na pauta de discussões dos periódicos nos 3 anos, com mais ênfase nos anos de 2020 e 2021 e aliam os discursos negacionistas no período com as posições dos discursos de autoridade (Bakhtin, 2015) do ex-presidente Jair Bolsonaro.
Penguatan Kapasitas Kelembagaan Sanggar Budaya Desa Kolowa: Pendampingan Pendirian Badan Hukum dan Penyusunan Kontrak Kerja
Authors: Abdullah La Ode Dedi , Pratiwi Endang Tri , Jamil Jamil , Mela Asmaul Soepardy
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendampingi SDM Sanggar Budaya Desa Kolowa dalam proses pendirian sanggar berbadan hukum dan penyusunan kontrak kerja. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Program pendampingan dilakukan melalui workshop, pelatihan, dan konsultasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pendirian lembaga berbadan hukum dimulai dengan pembuatan akta pendirian di hadapan notaris, dilanjutkan dengan pengesahan oleh Menteri, pendaftaran, dan pengumuman dalam Tambahan Berita Negara. Dalam penyusunan kontrak kerja, tahapan yang perlu dipahami meliputi pengertian kontrak, unsur-unsur perjanjian, jenis kontrak, isi kontrak, serta hak dan tanggung jawab para pihak. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan Sanggar Budaya Desa Kolowa yang diharapkan dapat mendukung pelestarian dan pengembangan kesenian lokal.
 
This study aims to assist the human resources of the Kolowa Village Cultural Studio in the process of establishing a legal entity and drafting a work contract. The method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The mentoring program is carried out through workshops, training, and consultations. The results of the study indicate that the process of establishing a legal entity begins with the preparation of a deed of establishment before a notary, followed by ratification by the Minister, registration, and announcement in the State Gazette Supplement. In drafting a work contract, the stages that need to be understood include the definition of a contract, elements of an agreement, types of contracts, contents of the contract, and the rights and responsibilities of the parties. The implication of this study is the increase in the institutional capacity of the Kolowa Village Cultural Studio which is expected to support the preservation and development of local arts.
Analysing the Impact of Social Influence on Electric Vehicle Adoption: A Deep Learning-Based Simulation Study in Jharkhand, India
Authors: Rakesh Jha  , Singh Mukesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

The transition towards sustainable transportation, particularly in regions like Jharkhand, has gained paramount importance amidst escalating environmental concerns and evolving market dynamics. This study delves into the consumer psyche regarding green mobility adoption, aiming to decipher the critical factors influencing individuals' future intentions towards eco-friendly transportation options. Utilizing a comprehensive survey questionnaire, data was gathered from 300 respondents, focusing on variables such as awareness of green mobility, the perceived importance of environmental impact, social media influence, peer recommendations, availability of green mobility services, cost considerations, government support, convenience of green transportation, and awareness campaigns. The collected data underwent rigorous regression analysis to uncover correlations and predictive insights. The regression model revealed a notable R-squared value of 0.765, indicating a substantial portion of variance in future intentions is explained by the chosen predictors. Among these, variables like the perceived importance of environmental impact, government support, and convenience of green mobility emerged as statistically significant influencers, suggesting their pivotal role in shaping consumer behaviour towards sustainable transportation. Contrarily, factors such as social media influence, peer recommendations, availability of green mobility services, cost considerations, and awareness campaigns exhibited non-significant coefficients, implying a lesser impact on individuals' future intentions in this context. These findings bear significant implications for stakeholders involved in promoting green mobility solutions. Ultimately, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable mobility by shedding light on the multifaceted dynamics influencing consumer decision-making using Python a deep learning simulation, thereby guiding strategic interventions for a greener, more eco-conscious future.
Characterization of Microstructure of Fe-TiC and Fe-B4C Composites Using Ultrasonic Measurements
Authors: Özkan BİLİCİ Vildan , YÖNETKEN Ahmet
Published: October 2024

In this paper, an iron (Fe) matrix reinforced with boron carbide (B4C) and titanium carbide (TiC) was produced by conventional furnace sintering at the same compositions and temperatures. Experimental data on the change in ultrasonic velocity parameter, densities and porosity of these two different microstructure composites during microstructure development are reported. The microstructural phases were characterized by metallographic studies and hardness measurements. The velocities of ultrasonic longitudinal waves were measured by the pulse- echo method using the transmit/receive probe. In the Fe-TiC composite sample, ultrasound longitudinal wave velocity, hardness and porosity increased linearly depending on the increasing amount of TiC. In the Fe-B4C composite sample, on the other hand, there is a linear increase in general depending on the increasing amount of B4C, and there is a sharp decrease in the amount of 8,33% B4C. The reason for this decrease and other results are explained by taking into account SEM and XRD analyzes.
REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA: A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES EM METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Tenir Egéa de , Trentin Marco Antônio Sandini
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa objetiva explorar, analisar e compreender de que modo as metodologias ativas, no contexto da Formação Continuada de Professores, têm sido utilizadas com a finalidade de contribuir para a reflexão de planejamentos de modelos para a formação de professores sob o viés da práxis pedagógica em metodologias ativas. O método de pesquisa, Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, tomou como base de dados o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes; a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações; e o Portal de Periódicos da Capes. Fez-se um levantamento e seleção das produções disponíveis a partir de descritores correlatos ao tema da pesquisa e a análise do material ocorreu por meio da leitura do título, palavras-chave, resumo e texto na íntegra dos trabalhos selecionados, que resultou em seis teses, onze dissertações e doze artigos, inventariados e classificados em duas categorias macro estabelecidas. Como objetivos a pesquisa: apresenta as produções acerca da Formação Continuada de Professores em metodologias ativas, identifica como as metodologias ativas emergem nas produções e, como se estruturam as estratégias utilizadas no planejamento das ações formativas. Observou-se um aumento significativo de produções nos últimos dez anos bem como a utilização das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação aliadas as metodologias ativas. O principal objetivo das produções foi monitorar e analisar a formação continuada em seu contexto, em que algumas produções se voltaram para a atualização e qualificação, outras focaram na reflexão teórica e conceitual das metodologias ativas e uma minoria focou na intervenção pedagógica e na estruturação de modelos de formação e planejamento. A abordagem qualitativa foi adotada nas pesquisas analisadas que abrangeram tanto a educação básica quanto o ensino superior. Conclui-se que a Formação Continuada de Professores em metodologias ativas sinaliza potentes avanços para a qualificação do ensino.
Editors’ Picks: Top 10 Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Antiracism Papers in Family Medicine Journals
Authors: Rodríguez José E. , Amaechi Octavia , Crichlow Renee , Flattes Valerie J. , Sexton Sumi M.
Published: October 2024

Physicians within the family medicine workforce are the most diverse compared to other medical specialties in both primarily clinical and academic settings. Family physicians also provide care to the most diverse patients and communities across the United States. As such, research and scholarly work from family physicians on diversity, equity, inclusion, and antiracism (DEIA) can be incredibly impactful. Yet many practicing and teaching physicians are unaware of their colleagues’ scholarly DEIA work, which aims to elucidate inequities and barriers to optimal care and, importantly, to educate on ways physicians and learners can recognize and address specific needs of patients and communities marginalized by health care policies and practices. In collaboration with editors from several family medicine journals, the authors move beyond the traditional editorial space to share recent practice-changing and innovative articles, adding voice and momentum to improve DEIA efforts in all spaces where the practice and teaching of family medicine exists.