bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational Capacity for Service Integration in Community-Based Addiction Health Services
Authors: Guerrero Erick G. , Aarons Gregory A. , Palinkas Lawrence A.
Published: February 2014

Objectives. We examined factors associated with readiness to coordinate mental health, public health, and HIV testing among community-based addiction health services programs.

Methods. We analyzed client and program data collected in 2011 from publicly funded addiction health services treatment programs in Los Angeles County, California. We analyzed a sample of 14 379 clients nested in 104 programs by using logistic regressions examining odds of service coordination with mental health and public health providers. We conducted a separate analysis to examine the percentage of clients receiving HIV testing in each program.

Results. Motivational readiness and organizational climate for change were associated with higher odds of coordination with mental health and public health services. Programs with professional accreditation had higher odds of coordinating with mental health services, whereas programs receiving public funding and methadone and residential programs (compared with outpatient) had a higher percentage of clients receiving coordinated HIV testing.

Conclusions. These findings provide an evidentiary base for the role of motivational readiness, organizational climate, and external regulation and funding in improving the capacity of addiction health services programs to develop integrated care.
Data Mining System for Air Quality Monitoring Networks
Authors: Czechowski Piotr , Badyda Artur , Majewski Grzegorz
Published: February 2014

The use of quantitative methods, including stochastic and exploratory techniques in environmental studies does not seem to be sufficient in practical aspects. There is no comprehensive analytical system dedicated to this issue, as well as research regarding this subject. The aim of this study is to present the Eco Data Miner system, its idea, construction and implementation possibility to the existing environmental information systems. The methodological emphasis was placed on the one-dimensional data quality assessment issue in terms of using the proposed QAAH1 method - using harmonic model and robust estimators beside the classical tests of outlier values with their iterative expansions. The results received demonstrate both the complementarity of proposed classical methods solution as well as the fact that they allow for extending the range of applications significantly. The practical usefulness is also highly significant due to the high effectiveness and numerical efficiency as well as simplicity of using this new tool.
Biological Characteristics of “Wartowice” Post-Flotation Tailings Pond (Lower Silesia, Poland)
Authors: Rybak Justyna , Kołwzan Barbara , Grabas Kazimierz , Pasternak Grzegorz , Krawczyńska Małgorzata
Published: February 2014

“Wartowice” tailings pond was closed in 1989, resulting in 232,4 ha tailings pile requiring reclamation. The major problem is heavy metals presence and poor nutrient conditions and physicochemical structure of soil which disturbs the plants development. In order to assess the real condition of studied area the complete biological characteristic has been done. The physicochemical conditions were assessed altogether with phytosociological, microbiological and toxicological studies of deposits. We recorded only 27 species of vascular plants belonging to 15 families on the tailings pond of which 5 belong to Rosaceae, 4 to Asteraceae and 3 to Poaceae and Saliceae. Species inhabiting the tailings depended on their dispersal capacity, metal tolerance and rhizome strategy. Microbiological analyses revealed the low number of bacteria and fungi on the tailings pond, apart from the small uplift area where the plants were indentified. Bacteria identified on the tailings pond were classified to 8 genera. The low number of bacteria suggests the lack of nutrients which affects the development of soil microflora. Toxicity tests showed that post-flotation sludge is not toxic to microorganisms because of its high pH. Some plants, such as lucerne could even influence positively the microorganisms development what has been proved in our studies. The tailings toxicity was higher towards producers, where Secale cereale appeared to be the most sensitive species. Amendment with topsoil from adjacent areas can influence positively the phytotoxic properties of tailings and enrich them into native seeds.
Effects of Different Agro-Based Materials on Composting of Pulp/Paper-Mill Sludge
Authors: Aycan Nurdan , Turan Nurdan Gamze
Published: February 2014

The effects of different volumetric ratios of bulking agents to pulp/paper-mill sludge on composting were studied. Rice husk and corncob were used as bulking agents. Volumetric ratios of bulking agents to pulp/paper-mill sludge were used as 10:100 and 25:100. To monitor the evolution of the composting systems, routine parameters such as temperature, moisture, pH, total N, NH4 +-N, NO3 --N, total C, and C/N ratio were analyzed. The results indicated that the agro-based materials significantly affected compost maturity parameters. Moreover, the quality of the product obtained in the composting process treated with the agro-based materials achieved satisfactory stabilization and sanitation for application to land.
Uptake of Toxic Trace Metals (Cd, Pb) and Micro Nutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn) by Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Irrigated with Treated Effluents of Sugar Industry
Authors: Damodharan Usha , Reddy M. Vikram
Published: February 2014

The accumulation and translocation of trace metals in soil and in sugarcane crop irrigated with treated effluents from sugar industry compared to soil and sugarcane crop irrigated with bore-well water were determined. In the present study the impact of irrigation with treated effluent from the sugar industry on the trace metal contamination of sugarcane juice was assessed. It revealed that the mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, Mn and Zn in the soil of fields irrigated with effluent and in juice from sugarcane grown on such fields were higher than those from bore-well water irrigated fields. The concentrations of trace metals in treated effluent exceeded the permissible limits of the Indian standards (Central Pollution Control Board-2000). The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in juice of sugarcane grown on fields irrigated with effluent also exceeded the permissible limits of Indian standards and WHO/FAO expert committee recommendations. Their concentrations in juice of sugarcane grown in fields irrigated with bore-well water were within the limits of safety, except for Cd. The transfer factor for Zn was considerably higher than those of the other trace metals. The metal concentrations of sugarcane juice showed significant correlations with those of soil, which was not the case when bore well water was used for irrigation.
E Ffectiveness of Intrinsic Biodegradation Enhancement in Oil Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil
Authors: Zawierucha Iwona , Malina Grzegorz , Ciesielski Wojciech , Rychter Piotr
Published: February 2014

Studies were conducted using a 10-chamber Micro-Oxymax (Columbus, OH, USA) respirometer to determine the effect of bioaugmentation, biostimulation and combination of them on enhancing intrinsic biodegradation of oil hydrocarbons in soil. Contaminated soil was collected from a former military airport in Kluczewo, Poland. Bioaugmentation was realized by addition of indigenous or exogenous bacteria to soil. Biostimulation was done by aerated water supply and surfactant addition. Bioaugmentation + addition of a surfactant was applied as the combined treatment. The intrinsic and enhanced hydrocarbons biodegradation rates were estimated from the slopes of linear regressions of cumulative curves of O2 uptake. Pertinent biodegradation rates were recalculated on the basis of the stoichiometric reaction (mass balance equation) and conversion equation. The results showed that combined treatment (indigenous bacteria bioaugmentation + addition of a surfactant) was the most effective method of biodegradation enhancement as the 20-fold increase of biodegradation rate was observed.
Evaluation Criteria of Wax Pattern Strength Tests and their Role in Forecasting the Shape Accuracy of Wax Patterns
Authors: Haratym R. , Biernacki R. , Lewiński J. , Kwapisz J.
Published: February 2014

This research paper will present and analyze selected testing of wax patterns - bending strength test, test of resistance to creep and penetration hardness test. Evaluation of these tests will be carried out in terms of the shape accuracy of wax patterns. Additionally, statistical evaluation will be carried out of relationships between selected parameters of previously mentioned tests. Standard bending tests will be statistically evaluated and compared with two other test methods conducted on corresponding patterns. Particular attention will be given to creep resistance, which is a very useful test method for assessing changes in the shape of complex patterns in the function of time and temperature. At the same time an evaluation of hardness tests of wax patterns will be carried out with usage of appropriate samples or by direct examination of the production patterns.
Calculation of Phase-Change Boundary Position in Continuous Casting
Authors: Ivanova A.A.
Published: February 2014

The problem of determination of the phase-change boundary position at the mathematical modeling of continuous ingot temperature field is considered. The description of the heat transfer process takes into account the dependence of the thermal physical characteristics on the temperature, so that the mathematical model is based on the nonlinear partial differential equations. The boundary position between liquid and solid phase is given by the temperatures equality condition and the Stefan condition for the two-dimensional case. The new method of calculation of the phase-change boundary position is proposed. This method based on the finite-differences with using explicit schemes and on the iteration method of solving of non-linear system equations. The proposed method of calculation is many times faster than the real time. So that it amenable to be used for model predictive control of continuous semifinished product solidification.
Influence of Intermetallic Phases on Fracture Resistance of Silumins
Authors: Mityayev O. , Volchok I.
Published: February 2014

In secondary aluminium alloys iron is the main detrimental impurity. It forms intermetallic phases which have lamellar shape, high brittleness and weak crystallographic conformity with the matrix. In the work the influence of intermetallic phases on the initiation and propagation of microcracks, mechanical and service properties of aluminium alloys has been investigated.
Assessment of AlSi21CuNi Alloy’s Quality with Use of ATND Method
Authors: Pezda J.
Published: February 2014

Majority of combustion engines is produced (poured) from Al-Si alloys with low thermal expansion coefficient, so called piston silumins. Hypereutectic alloys normally contain coarse, primary angular Si particles together with eutectic Si phase. The structure and mechanical properties of these alloys are highly dependent upon cooling rate, composition, modification and heat-treatment operations. In the paper one depicts use of the ATND method (thermal-voltage-derivative analysis) and regression analysis to assessment of quality of the AlSi21CuNi alloy modified with Cu-P on stage of its preparation, in aspect of obtained mechanical properties (R0,02, Rm, A5, HB). Obtained dependencies enable prediction of mechanical properties of the investigated alloy in laboratory conditions, using values of characteristic points from curves of the ATND method.
Surface Casting Defects Inspection Using Vision System and Neural Network Techniques
Authors: Świłło S.J. , Perzyk M.
Published: February 2014

The paper presents a vision based approach and neural network techniques in surface defects inspection and categorization. Depending on part design and processing techniques, castings may develop surface discontinuities such as cracks and pores that greatly influence the material’s properties Since the human visual inspection for the surface is slow and expensive, a computer vision system is an alternative solution for the online inspection. The authors present the developed vision system uses an advanced image processing algorithm based on modified Laplacian of Gaussian edge detection method and advanced lighting system. The defect inspection algorithm consists of several parameters that allow the user to specify the sensitivity level at which he can accept the defects in the casting. In addition to the developed image processing algorithm and vision system apparatus, an advanced learning process has been developed, based on neural network techniques. Finally, as an example three groups of defects were investigated demonstrates automatic selection and categorization of the measured defects, such as blowholes, shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity.
Bench Life (Work Time) of Moulding and Core Sands with Chemical Binders – a New, Ultrasound Investigation Method
Authors: Zych J.
Published: February 2014

The obtained results of the investigations of influences of the selected technological factors on the bench life (work time) of moulding and core sands with chemical binders are presented in the hereby paper. The bench life assessment is performed by the new, author’s method with the application of the ultrasound technique. This method was patented by the author. The influence of such factors as: matrix (surroundings) temperature, matrix water content, ratio of binding components hardener/binder (h/b) and the reclamation - on the bench life of furan moulding sands was determined. The empirical dependencies (regressions) were determined, which allowed forecasting the bench life (BL) of moulding sands as functions: BL = f(W%), BL = f(T) for the fresh and after the reclamation sands, BL = f(h/b). These dependencies should be treated as examples of the new method application for investigating the bench life of moulding sands with chemical binders.
Subtitling Standards in Norway
Authors: Awedyk Witosław
Published: February 2014

The main objective of this paper is to present the specificity of the work of a Norwegian subtitler in view of the unique language situation in Norway. In addition to the challenges an audiovisual translator needs to face, a general description of the Norwegian language policy will be presented here.
Hva Er Et Adjektiv? Et Forsøk På En Prototypedefinisjon
Authors: Janik Marta Olga
Published: February 2014

The article reviews various definitions of adjectival category in Norwegian, and shows that although they define it in different ways, the core of the definitions is always the same. However, there are some classes of adjectives, which are treated diversely by the Norwegian linguists because of the unlike set of criteria they use in their classifications.

In my Ph.D. project, I analyze acquisition of Norwegian adjective agreement by Polish L1 speakers of L2 Norwegian. The aim of the present paper is to propose my own definition of adjective, which is based on prototypical and peripheral meanings. The definition shows a Norwegian prototype adjective (that is not unlike the adjectives presented by the Norwegian grammarians) and discusses the more peripheral cases. The definition focuses on the Norwegian adjectives, but also the Polish are mentioned.
Minneproblematikken i Lars Saabye Christensens Lyrikk
Authors: Wilkus Aleksandra Regina
Published: February 2014

The purpose of this article is to perform an analysis of Lars Saabye Christensen’s poem ‘Nocturne’ from the perspective of Memory Studies. Recollections and the past are not simply the main issues of the literary work, but also provide a basis that can be used as a conceptual apparatus in one’s interpretative work. That is exactly what occurs in the relatively new study field that focuses on cultural aspects of literature, i.e. Memory Studies. Through an indepth analysis of the language, stylistic measures, and with reference to Aristotle, I focus on the mechanisms that are in control of the lyrical subject’s memory. Just as essential are P. Ricoeur’s reflections on location and spatiality as well as A. Assman’s postulates that enable to describe objects and places as having a memory. The application of the ideas of Memory Studies as a methodological tool allows to determine the lyrical situation including the lyrical subject’s internal states.
Polish Migrants In Sweden: An Overview
Authors: Lubińska Dorota
Published: February 2014

The current Polish migrant group in Sweden is the largest in Scandinavia, and experienced a significant growth after the enlargement of the European Union in 2004. The present overview is an attempt to give a systematic picture of this group, and is based on a selection of publications from a larger bibliography. The bibliography was compiled by the author in order to survey the knowledge on Polish migrants in Sweden, and is attached to this overview. The overview is primarily confined to the period between 1940 and 1990 because this period is covered by the scholarly literature.
MALE VS. FEMALE / MIND VS. BODY: A COGNITIVE DISCOURSE APPROACH TO TWO PLAYS BY SHAKESPEARE
Authors: Romero Elena Domínguez
Published: February 2014

The aim of the present paper is twofold: i) to show that the idea of a “savage mind” does not make sense unless accompanied by that of a wrong restraining body which needs to be broken to let the so-called “savage mind” out, and vice versa and ii) to prove this relieving process to be ultimately affected by gender. While women seem to need to resort to a third party body disguise in order to show their real selves out of their constraining bodies, it is precisely men’s minds which aim to liberate them. Examples to illustrate this idea will be taken from Rosalind and Audrey in Shakespeare’s As You Like It, on the female side, and Caliban and Ferdinand in The Tempest, on the other, male side.
WHO IS THE REAL EVIL?: THE FEMALE CHALLENGING THE MALE IN THE MERCHANT OF VENICE AND MEASURE FOR MEASURE
Authors: Mazanoğlu E.Seda Çağlayan
Published: February 2014

Portia in The Merchant of Venice and Isabella in Measure for Measure challenge the savage male mind through disguise and deception. The roles of female and male are subverted in both plays as the female mind becomes stronger while the male body is abused and victimised. Both Portia and Isabella occupy centre stage and stand out through their subtlety.
READING LIKE THE JAPANESE: THE GOTHIC AESTHETICS OF HORROR IN SHAKESPEARE’S TITUS ANDRONICUS
Authors: Raducanu Adriana
Published: February 2014

Shakespeare’s plays have been universally praised for centuries. However, Titus Andronicus was not included in this positive evaluation until the second half of the 20th century, when mainly feminist criticism contributed to an academically kinder re-assessment of this generally gory play. This paper, focusing on the issues of aesthetic value and the deletion of empathy, proposes a defamiliarized, a different reading of this Shakespearean play, from the perspective of the Japanese people, ‘famous’ for aesthetically enjoying the cathartic showing of gratuitous violence.
TAMING THE HEART OF THE WILD: THE DOMESTICATION OF WOMEN IN JOHN FLETCHER’S TRAGEDIE OF BONDUCA
Authors: Frénée-Hutchins Samantha
Published: February 2014

Fletcher’s Bonduca is quite explicit in dealing with the patriarchal objective of domesticating the rebellious woman. Bonduca and her two daughters do not conform and so are sanctioned. They are portrayed as wild animals and marginal figures that have to be tamed, broken in through violence and rape in order to be re-integrated into the nation. When they refuse to be domesticated, their only option is suicide. However, this also stands as an allegory for taming the wild heart of England’s colonial spaces.
FEMALE FETISHISED DEATHS IN JACOBEAN TRAGEDY
Authors: Velissariou Aspasia
Published: February 2014

I explore the violent deaths of Jacobean heroines on stage, looking at their fetishised dead bodies as a register of male repressed fear of women’s physicality that is perceived essentially as the equation between womb and tomb. I argue that this fetishisation is a hegemonic effort to combat this fear through the consigning of the heroines’ bodies to utter destruction. However, there is a residue left from the dialectic of death and desire that runs through Jacobean tragedy and sexualises the political issue of tyranny. The heroines’ violent deaths, while not expressing heroic transcendence, mark the ultimate self-destructiveness of patriarchal politics.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER-SPECIFIC AUDIENCES IN THE WORKS OF EARLY 17TH CENTURY WRITERS
Authors: Dascăl Reghina
Published: February 2014

My article centres on the intricate intertwining of gender, sexuality, identity and writing in the first quarter of the 17th century, dealing with Aemilia Lanyer’s most famous work Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum (1611) a cornerstone in the construction of female readership, offering at the same time an example of a collaborative rather than competitive model for literary creation, advancing the plea for a female genealogy.
WOMEN WHO HAVE FEAR OF UNCLE SILAS: A STYLISTIC APPROACH
Authors: Emandi Elena Maria
Published: February 2014

The present paper attempts to categorize the different types of feminine characters who interact in one way or another with Silas Ruthyn. Emphasis will be placed upon the stylistic marks that appear in the Sheridan Le Fanu novel in which the mauvais sujet is dealt with.
FAMILY AND SOCIAL LIFE
Authors: Sima Remina
Published: February 2014

The paper deals with the concept of family seen both as a system and as a unit. It shows how family functions and the structure of family. The paper also draws attention to the separation between home and work which makes substantial differences to the daily lives of both men and women. This means that there is a clear distinction between working time and leisure time, and there is a much clearer distinction between public and private life
Body satisfaction and time spent on physical activity in Polish students
Authors: Olchowska-Kotala Agnieszka , Chromik Krystyna
Published: February 2014

Purpose

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between body satisfaction, the amount of time spent on physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI) in a group of young adults.

Methods

A sample of 527 students (351 females and 176 males) aged 19-24 years were recruited for analysis. Measures of height and weight were collected. Participants completed a questionnaire about PA performed during the previous seven days, intention of increasing PA levels, overall body satisfaction, their ideal BMI, and what parts of their bodies they were most dissatisfied with.

Results

Body satisfaction was associated with the amount of time spent on PA in both women and men. No relationship between time spent on PA and BMI was found. In women, lower levels of PA, lower body satisfaction, and a larger discrepancy between actual BMI and ideal BMI was observed when compared with men. The majority of women (85.7%) as well as men (78.4%) intended to increase their PA in the near future.

Conclusions

Body satisfaction grows together with increasing the amount of time spent on PA. Young adults are aware of the benefits of PA, but there is a gap between knowledge and practice, highlighting the need for programs that can motivate and educate on how to turn intentions into action. Along with promoting PA, focus on body satisfaction especially among women is also recommended.
Age dependence of thermal imaging analysis of body surface temperature in women after cryostimulation
Authors: Dębiec-Bąk Agnieszka , Gruszka Katarzyna , Sobiech Krzysztof A. , Skrzek Anna
Published: February 2014

Purpose

The aim of the study was to analyse changes in body surface temperature after a cryostimulation session in women of two different age groups.

Methods

The study included 21 female university students aged 21 ± 1.8 years and 15 middle-aged women aged 57.8 ± 3.6 years. All participants were subjected to the effects of extreme low temperature in a cryogenic chamber at -120˚C for 3 min. Body surface temperature measures were taken before and immediately after treatment by a thermal imaging camera. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the captured thermographic images was performed for 12 anterior and posterior body areas in the standing position.

Results

Differences in body surface temperature were found between both age groups prior to the cryostimulation treatment. Temperatures ranged from 29.55° C to 33.49° C in the younger group and 30.45° C and 32.70° C in the older group for the same body areas. Lower temperatures were observed in the older subject group for all analysed areas. After cryostimulation, greater body cooling was observed in the younger group particularly in the lower limbs. The greatest temperature reduction in both groups was observed in the lower limbs, dropping a maximum of 6.31° C, whereas the lowest variation in temperature was observed in the shoulder area by approximately 2° C.

Conclusions

The results of the study showed varied distribution of body surface temperature in both age groups. Lower temperatures of the trunk and shoulders were observed in older women compared with the younger women. Greater body cooling following cryostimulation was observed in the group of younger women particularly in the area of the lower limbs.
Power production during bench press with different ranges of motion on stable and unstable surfaces
Authors: Zemková Erika , Jeleň Michal , Ollé Gábor , Vilman Tomáš , Hamar Dušan
Published: February 2014

Purpose

The study compared power during concentric-only and countermovement (CM) bench press with different ranges of motion (ROM) on a stable and unstable surface.

Methods

A group of 22 fit men performed three repetitions of 1) full ROM concentric-only bench press, 2) full ROM CM bench press, 3) half ROM concentric-only bench press, and 4) half ROM CM bench press, on a bench (stable) and Swiss ball (unstable) at 60% 1RM. The FiTRO Dyne Premium system was used to monitor force and velocity and calculate power. Mean values of power during the acceleration and the entire concentric phases were analyzed.

Results

No significant differences were found in mean power during concentric-only bench press on the bench and Swiss ball performed at half ROM and full ROM. Likewise, mean power during the concentric phase of half-range CM bench press on the bench and Swiss ball did not differ significantly. However, power values during full-range CM bench press were significantly higher on the bench than on Swiss ball. These differences were even more pronounced for mean power during the acceleration phase of full-range CM bench press on the bench compared with the Swiss ball. Contrary to this, these values did not differ significantly when the barbell was lifted during half ROM bench press on the bench and Swiss ball.

Conclusions

Power was significantly lower during full-range CM bench press on the Swiss ball than on the bench, however, values did not differ significantly during stable and unstable half-range CM bench press.
The influence of different Cardan sequences on three-dimensional cycling kinematics
Authors: Sinclair Jonathan , Hebron Jack , Hurst Howard , Taylor Paul
Published: February 2014

Purpose

Three-dimensional (3-D) kinematics are widely utilized to quantify movement in cycling analyses. Three-dimensional angular kinematics are obtained using the Euler/Cardan technique, however, Cardan angles are influenced by their ordered sequence and may affect the resultant angular parameters. An XYZ sequence of rotations is currently recommended, although this technique may not always be appropriate when coronal and transverse plane angles are quantified. This study aimed to determine the influence of the six available Cardan sequences on 3-D lower extremity kinematics during cycling.

Methods

Kinematic information was obtained from twelve cyclists using an optoelectronic 3-D motion capture system operating at 250 Hz. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare the kinematic parameters obtained using the six Cardan sequences, and intraclass correlations were employed to detect the presence of crosstalk across planes.

Results

The results show that discrete kinematic parameters in the sagittal, coronal and transverse planes were significantly greater when using the YXZ and ZXY sequences. It was also observed that these sequences were associated with the strongest correlations from the sagittal plane and also exhibited evidence of gimbal lock.

Conclusions

The results suggest that the accurate representation of 3-D kinematics during cycling should continue utilizing the XYZ sequence and avoid the use of the YXZ and ZXY sequences.
Lactate and glucose concentrations in assessing anaerobic capacity in an elite junior swimmer – a case study
Authors: Makar Piotr , Bielec Grzegorz
Published: February 2014

Purpose

The aim of the study was to assess lactate and glucose concentrations as indicators of anaerobic capacity in a highlyranked female junior swimmer.

Methods

Ten trials of a 5 × 200 m backstroke step test were performed between December 2008 and July 2011. Each trial was video-recorded and blood samples were drawn from the ear lobe 1 min after completion of each step to measure lactate and glucose concentrations.

Results

During maximal effort, lactate concentrations of 5.1 to 13.1 mmol • l-1 were recorded, while glucose concentration varied from 6.6 to 8.1 mmol • l-1. Correlations between lactate and glucose concentrations were significant in most tests. The shape of lactate and glucose curves revealed an improvement in the swimmer’s endurance ability during subsequent tests.

Conclusions

Analysis of fluctuations in lactate and glucose concentrations appears to be a relevant indicator of the anaerobic capacity of experienced swimmers.
Birds as disseminators of ixodid ticks and tick-borne pathogens: note on the relevance to migratory routes
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Karcza Zsolt , Csörgő Tibor
Published: February 2014

Absract

It has been a long studied issue, that birds are frequently infested with ixodid ticks, and consequently play a significant role in disseminating tick-borne pathogens (especially during their seasonal migration) and influence the epidemiology of relevant diseases. In connection with the first Hungarian molecular epidemiological survey on this topic the authors would like to note, that a new, ornithological aspect of similar researches may deserve future attention. Ticks removed from mid- and long-distance migratory birds and the tick-borne pathogens they may contain can be molecularly identified (i.e. with sequencing certain genes), and their sequences could be compared with others internationally available (deposited in the GenBank). This may provide clues for determining the place or country where the bird most likely acquired its tick-infestation, and thus for the probable route of seasonal migration.
“IMITATE ME”: INTERPRETING IMITATION IN 1 CORINTHIANS IN RELATION TO IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH
Authors: Drake Williams H. H.
Published: February 2014

Several times within 1 Corinthians Paul encourages the Corinthians to imitate him. These are found at critical junctures in the epistle in 1 Corinthians 4:16 and 11:1. The meaning of these sections is in question from the perspective of Corinthian scholars. Several believe that Paul is appealing to apostolic power and authority to coerce the Corinthians to obey him, whereas others find him responding to social situations. This is different from the way that imitation and discipleship are presented within the writings of Ignatius of Antioch. Pauline ideas, specifically those from 1 Corinthians, are known to have influenced Ignatius of Antioch’s writing, and thus Ignatius’ ideas about imitation are likely to reflect the meaning that Paul intended. Ignatius specifically speaks about imitation and discipleship in several places: Ign. Eph. 1, 2, 4; 3:1-3, Ign. Magn. 4:1; 5:1-2; 9:1-6, Ign. Rom. 3:1-2; 6, 3, 1. When these passages are considered, imitation involves suffering and possibly martyrdom. Imitation is also connected to the cross of Christ and is not a means to enforce superiority. Ignatius’ view of imitation would contradict the opinions of some scholars who see Paul’s injunction for imitation as a claim for power. It also supplies more information to the idea than those who claim that it is simply a counter example to the social situation.
Biosensors containing acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase as recognition tools for detection of various compounds
Authors: Pohanka Miroslav
Published: February 2014

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are enzymes expressed in the human body under physiological conditions. AChE is an important part of the cholinergic nerves where it hydrolyses neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Both cholinesterases are sensitive to inhibitors acting as neurotoxic compounds. In analytical applications, the enzymes can serve as a biorecognition element in biosensors as well as simple disposable sensors (dipsticks) and be used for assaying the neurotoxic compounds. In the present review, the mechanism of AChE and BChE inhibition by disparate compounds is explained and methods for assaying the enzymes activity are shown. Optical, electrochemical, and piezoelectric biosensors are described. Attention is also given to the application of sol-gel techniques and quantum dots in the biosensors’ construction. Examples of the biosensors are provided and the pros and cons are discussed.
Experimental research made during a city cycle on the feasibility of electrically charged SI engines
Authors: Kocsis Levente , Burnete Nicolae
Published: February 2014

The paper presents experimental research on performance improvements in a city cycle (operating mostly transient) of a compact class vehicle equipped with a turbocharged SI engine which had attached an electric charger, to improve engine response at low operational speeds. During tests, functional parameters, energy consumption of the electric charger and vehicle performances were measured while driving in two operating conditions: with active and inactive electric charger. The tests were carried out on a well-defined path, in the same driving style, by the same driver.
The Domestication of Luxury in Social Theory
Authors: Schrage Dominik
Published: February 2014

During the establishment of modern society, luxury consumption played an important role as a symbolic reference for status comparison across class boundaries. But luxury has lost in contemporary sociology the theoretical importance it had in classical sociology. This article develops a historicosociological explanation for this situation. In a first section, it debates on luxury in the 18th century, in which changing evaluations are interpreted in the context of broader semantic changes reflecting the ‘de-traditionalisation’ of social structure. Then selected conceptualisations of luxury in classical sociological approaches, including that of Sombart, Simmel, and Veblen are discussed. These classical accounts are the main reference for common sociological concepts of luxury. They also provide a context for understanding the differences between European and US American social structure and semantics. In the last two sections, the argument that the consumer behaviour of elite members lost the key social function it had in 18th and 19th centuries because of the advent of mass consumption, mass media, and the cultural dominance of middle class consumer habits which were observed first in the US. As a result, then, the attention of sociological research now lies on the more subtle distinctions within the highly differentiated stratum of the middle class. At the same time, material and behavioural patterns of luxury are displayed not by concrete members of a group of the super-rich, but virtually in a mass media based celebrity system, leaving the rich more and more out of the sight of sociological observation.
SCALAR DAMAGE VARIABLE DETERMINED IN THE UNIAXIAL AND TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION CONDITIONS OF SANDSTONE SAMPLES
Authors: Cieślik Jerzy
Published: February 2014

The article is based on the results of uniaxial and triaxial compression tests, performed on Wustenzeller sandstone. An overview of the possible definitions of damage variable describing the process of damage development on the basis of various hypotheses has been presented in the first part of the article. In the main part of the article the author has presented the results of laboratory investigations, where the state of damage and its changes in rock samples under uniaxial and triaxial compression conditions were being observed. Using a modified procedure of triaxial tests, a definition of damage variable, determined on the basis of changes of volumetric stiffness of an examined rock, has been developed. Damage variable defined this way, in relation to a variable determined on the basis of axial stiffness changes, points to some anisotropy effects of damage phenomenon. The results obtained from both methods have been compared whereas the relations determining the evolution of damage variable in the loading process have been established.
THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE HISTORICAL BUILDING OF THE LATIN SCHOOL IN MALBORK
Authors: Duda Zenon , Kryzia Katarzyna
Published: February 2014

The paper summarizes the reconstruction of the historical building erected in the 14th century, during the times of the residence of Grand Master of the Teutonic Order Winrich von Kniprode, currently referred to as the Latin School. It characterizes the location of the Latin School in the urban conservation area of the town of Malbork. The building is situated in the stretch of the buttressed brick escarpment on the Nogat River in the line of the historic defensive walls of Malbork. The paper also outlines the history of this building, constructed and managed by the municipal authorities of Malbork, which for a long time was a seat of a Patronage of Saint George and the Merchant Guild, and next, from the 16th century until 1864, the building housed a school where basic Latin was taught. Next, the situation of this historical monument in the 20th century is discussed. In the next part of the paper, the geological conditions of the site where the building was erected are discussed. The conducted archeological and architectural exploratory research related to the historical building with a particular emphasis on historic preservation and restoration works focusing on the building and its surroundings is presented and analyzed. Currently carried out design, construction and adaptation works allowing new functions to be embedded into this building are also discussed. The paper shows the benefits due to the realization of the reconstruction program of the degraded building of the Latin school in the historic quarter of the town. These activities are aimed at the conversion of the currently derelict building by means of embedding new functions into it. There are being designed, among others, an interactive educational center modern library, astronomical observatory, craft museum and multifunctional hall, allowing proper conditions to be created for the development of educational, artistic and tourism related activities in the reconstructed building. The reconstruction of the historical building is a positive response to its deterioration resulting from former activities and it will contribute to the improvement of the quality of cultural life of both local inhabitants and visitors.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DECONVOLUTION PROCESS IN PRESENCE OF RANDOM NOISE ON THE BASE OF ROCK SALT DEPOSITS FROM “BYTOM ODRZAŃSKI” AREA
Authors: Kawalec-Latała Ewa
Published: February 2014

A number of synthetic pseudoacoustic impedance sections are presented in order to test the effectiveness of deconvolution process when random noise distorted the seismic traces. A simplified seismological model is created on the basis of geological data from Bytom Odrzański area in NW part of the Legnica-Głogów Copper District (LGOM). The synthetic sections are constructed for different noise levels. Acoustic impedance is one of the basic factors characterising physical features of rocks. The main idea is the inversion of seismic sections into pseudoacoustic impedance sections. All inhomogeneities of salt deposits must be predicted before the underground storage location is fixed. The accuracy and reliability of interpretation decreases when the noise in seismic data increases. It should be realised that the inversion procedure is not a unique process. So, modelling pseudoacoustic impedance sections is recommended for verification of the effectiveness of deconvolution process for the accuracy and reliability interpretation.
HORIZONTAL DRAINS AS EFFECTIVE MEASURE FOR LANDSLIDE REMEDIATION
Authors: Kopecký Miloslav , Ondrášik Martin , Antolová Darina
Published: February 2014

Decrease of groundwater table level or decrease of buoyancy effects of groundwater is one of the most important landslide remediation measures. In Slovakia as well as in the world the horizontal drainage boreholes are often used for the landslide remediation. The article describes 40 years’ experience with use of the horizontal drainage boreholes in Slovakia, particularly in terms of their effectiveness and long-term functionality.
RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF BEARING CAPACITY OF LAYERED SOILS USING HIGH DIMENSIONAL MODEL REPRESENTATION (HDMR)
Authors: Suska Michał , Puła Wojciech
Published: February 2014

HDMR (High Dimensional Model Representation) is a relatively new method that is used to form response surface based on results obtained through laboratory experiments or through numerical calculations. So far the method has been used mainly in chemistry, although a few studies conducted in recent years show that it can be considered a useful tool in soil mechanics and foundation engineering. The subject matter of this paper is the application of HDMR method to reliability assessment of bearing capacity of layered soils. Madej’s method, widely recognized and used by Polish engineers, is applied to conduct the calculations. In the analysed case bearing capacity is not expressed by means of an explicit formula. To fit the approximate functions of bearing capacity, its values are calculated on a grid of points equally spread on ranges of variables. Finding the relation between input and output data is conducted by means of assessing each variable’s influence on response’s mean value within a given scope. Approximate functions have been used to calculate reliability indices by means of FORM, SORM and Monte Carlo methods.
EXAMPLE BUILDING DAMAGE CAUSED BY MINING EXPLOITATION IN DISTURBED ROCK MASS
Authors: Florkowska Lucyna
Published: February 2014

Issues concerning protection of buildings against the impact of underground coal mining pose significant scientific and engineering challenges. In Poland, where mining is a potent and prominent industry assuring domestic energy security, regions within reach of mining influences are plenty. Moreover, due to their industrial character they are also densely built-up areas. Because minerals have been extracted on an industrial scale in majority of those areas for many years, the rock mass structure has been significantly disturbed. Hence, exploitation of successive layers of multi-seam deposits might cause considerable damage - both in terms of surface and existing infrastructure networks. In the light of those facts, the means of mining and building prevention have to be improved on a regular basis. Moreover, they have to be underpinned by reliable analyses holistically capturing the comprehensive picture of the mining, geotechnical and constructional situation of structures. Scientific research conducted based on observations and measurements of mining-induced strain in buildings is deployed to do just that.

Presented in this paper examples of damage sustained by buildings armed with protection against mining influences give an account of impact the mining exploitation in disturbed rock mass can have. This paper is based on analyses of mining damage to church and Nursing Home owned by Evangelical Augsburg Parish in Bytom-Miechowice. Neighbouring buildings differ in the date they were built, construction, building technology, geometry of the building body and fitted protection against mining damage. Both the buildings, however, have sustained lately significant deformation and damage caused by repeated mining exploitation.

Selected damage has been discussed hereunder. The structures have been characterised, their current situation and mining history have been outlined, which have taken their toll on character and magnitude of damage. Description has been supplemented with photographic documentation.
TRIPLE-DIFFUSIVE CONVECTION IN WALTERS’ (MODEL B’) FLUID WITH VARYING GRAVITY FIELD SATURATING A POROUS MEDIUM
Authors: Kango S.K. , Rana G.C. , Chand Ramesh
Published: February 2014

The Triple-Diffusive convection in Walters’ (Model B') fluid with varying gravity field is considered in the presence of uniform vertical magnetic field in porous medium. For the case of stationary convection, the magnetic field, varying gravity field and the stable solute gradients have stabilizing effects whereas the medium permeability has destabilizing (or stabilizing) effect on the system under certain conditions. A linear stability analysis theory and normal mode analysis method have been carried out to study the onset convection. The kinematic viscoelasticity has no effect on the stationary convection. The solute gradients, magnetic field, varying gravity field, porosity and kinematic viscoelasticity introduce oscillatory modes in the system, which were non-existent in their absence. The sufficient conditions for the non-existence of overstability are also obtained. The results are also shown graphically.
GLOBAL STABILITY FOR THERMAL CONVECTION IN A COUPLE-STRESS FLUID WITH TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE DEPENDENT VISCOSITY
Authors:   Sunil, Choudhary Shalu , Bharti P. K.
Published: February 2014

We show that the global nonlinear stability threshold for convection in a couple-stress fluid with temperature and pressure dependent viscosity is exactly the same as the linear instability boundary. This optimal result is important because it shows that linearized instability theory has captured completely the physics of the onset of convection. It has also been found that the couplestress fluid is more stable than the ordinary viscous fluid and then the effect of couple-stress parameter (F) and variable dependent viscosity (Γ) on the onset of convection is also analyzed.
The Role of Syntactic Stylistic Means in Expressing the Emotion Term Love
Authors: Panasenko Nataliya
Published: February 2014

Love as one of important feelings in human emotional, cognitive and social life has always attracted attention of the researchers: psychologists, linguists, philosophers, ethnologists, etc. We may speak about extralinguistic and linguistic ways of love manifestation. To linguistic ones belong, of course, stylistic means, which include lexical, syntactic, phonetic, and semasiological level. The author focuses on lexical-syntactical means of expressing love in two Slavic languages, Czech and Slovak, using linguocognitive and cultural approach. This research is inspired by the GRID project, which aimed at study of 24 emotion terms in 35 languages.
Biogeographical provinces, subprovinces and bioregions of the Czech Republic
Authors: Culek Martin
Published: February 2014

Presented biogeographical division of the Czech Republic was elaborated initially for purposes of national and supra-national Ecological Networks. This division has its own hierarchy, consisting of both individual and typological biogeographical units. Higher units (biogeographical province, subprovince, and bioregion) are of individual character. Within the territory of the Czech Republic, two biogeographical provinces, four biogeographical subprovinces and 91 biogeographical regions have been distinguished. Hierarchically lower biogeographical units (biochora, group of geobiocoene types) have typological character; their characteristics in English are intended to be published later. All of the biogeographical units - with the exception of the group of geobiocoene types - are elaborated in maps of scale 1:50 000.