bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A MODULE ON ISLAMIC-BASED PARENTING EDUCATION FOR YOUTH FAMILY DEVELOPMENT: EDUCATING MUSLIM TEENAGERS FOR FUTURE SUCCESS
Authors: Kosim Muhammad , Kustati Martin , Nasution Ilman , Anidar Jum , Amelia Rezki , Febriani Suci Ramadhanti
Published: September 2024

This project aims to create an Islamic-centered parenting education module implemented in Youth Family Guidance (Bina Keluarga Remaja - BKR) programs to help parents educate and equip their teenagers for future success. The module was created by gathering parenting education resources for teenagers from an Islamic viewpoint that align with the current content in BKR activities. The Islamic content is incorporated into all BKR operations. The module was developed using the three stages of the Plomp model: preliminary study, prototype development, and assessment. This research has resulted in an Islamic-centered parenting module called "How to Educate Muslim Teenagers in Reaching the Future". The validators deemed the module very valid and practical after testing. The module has been partially implemented and feedback from observers and informants suggests that it can effectively enhance parents' comprehension and abilities in educating and caring for adolescent children during BKR activities.
RENARRATING THE ISLAMISATION OF THE MALAY-INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO IN 13th-19th CENTURIES
Authors: Safari Safari , Amrulloh Muhammad Afif , Musadad Asep Nahrul
Published: September 2024

This article aims at re-presenting the Islamisation of the Malay-Indonesian archipelago from the 13th to 19th century, focusing on the narrative of intellectualism and activism conducted inter-relatedly during the very act of religious proselytization. The background of this research arises from the need to understand the complexity of Islamisation in the archipelago, on the one hand, and the negligence of such narrative in the historiography of islamization, on the other. Taking this as the basis of narrative, this article will re-explain the major phases in the Islamization of the archipelago by paying attention both to the political variable and, particularly, the intellectual-historical aspects. This paper uses the historical-descriptive method by collecting and analyzing relevant historical materials. The selected data will be re-narrated within the framework of intellectualism and activism in the Islamization process. This research also uses the comparative method to compare the phases of Islamization in various regions of the archipelago, thus providing a more complete picture of the dynamics that occurred in the 13th to 19th centuries. The expected purpose is to go beyond the political-historical perspective that currently dominates the historiography of Islamization and marginalizes the proselytizing aspect which is an intertwining of intellectualism and activism in that process.
Obstáculos para la construcción de cultura y alfabetización científica en la enseñanza de las ciencias
Authors: Pérez Rodríguez Francisco , Siso Pavón Zenahir , Aragón Lourdes , Donoso Díaz Sebastián
Published: September 2024

La cultura y la alfabetización científicas, más allá de sus diferencias y relaciones conceptuales, en la actualidad son planteamientos de interés para la didáctica de las ciencias experimentales debido a que tienen objetivos estratégicos en el campo de la educación científica. Frente a ello, esta investigación identifica y categoriza elementos que en la actualidad obstaculizan el desarrollo de estos dos constructos en la enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales. A partir de la búsqueda en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost y SciELO con descriptores estratégicos, junto a la consideración de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, la aplicación del protocolo PRISMA para revisiones sistemáticas permitió incluir doce artículos que fueron sometidos a un análisis de contenido temático con el software ATLAS.ti. Del análisis se identifican elementos obstaculizadores, siendo los más recurrentes los caracterizados como metodológicos, junto a epistemológicos y socioculturales, tendencia esta que indica un mayor interés por los problemas de naturaleza práctica y experiencial en la enseñanza. Se concluye que el problema del desarrollo de la cultura y alfabetización científica en el escenario escolar está principalmente asociado a lo práctico, fenoménico, cognitivo y disciplinar, lo cual está relacionado con una visión fundamentada en el déficit, planteamiento que soporta las visiones y modelos tradicionales de cultura y alfabetización científicas, aspectos que coinciden con al predominio de una enseñanza tradicional de las ciencias experimentales. En consecuencia, se recomienda una formación epistemológica y didáctica del profesorado que aborde la enseñanza de manera más amplia con base en planteamientos didácticos emergentes que respondan a dicho contexto.
Sustainable Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil and Crude Palm Oil Using a Custom Mini Pilot Plant
Authors: Siang Alan Ooi Lim , Leman Abdul Mutalib , Feriyanto Dafit , Abdulmalik Samir Sani , Zakaria Supaat
Published: September 2024

The widespread practice of reusing Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) in hawker food stalls, often for multiple frying cycles, presents a significant public health concern due to the degradation of the oil, which can lead to the formation of toxic compounds. These practices not only pose health risks, such as increasing the potential for cardiovascular diseases and cancer, but also contribute to environmental pollution when the oil is improperly disposed of. This study seeks to address these issues by converting WCO, along with crude palm oil (CPO), into biodiesel using a custom-designed mini pilot plant. The biodiesel production process involved a two-step reaction. The first step, esterification, was conducted using a 55:100 alcohol-to-oil volume ratio with 1% by volume sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) as the acid catalyst, at 60°C, with a reaction time of 30 minutes and a stirring speed of 800 rpm. The second step, transesterification, utilized a 6:1 alcohol-to-oil molar ratio, with 1 wt.% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the alkaline catalyst, carried out at 70°C over the course of one hour. These conditions were carefully selected to optimize the conversion efficiency and to minimize the free fatty acid content, which is crucial for achieving a high yield of biodiesel. The results demonstrated that the mini pilot plant is highly effective in producing biodiesel from both WCO and CPO. The study also led to the development of a standard operating procedure (SOP) for the biodiesel production process, ensuring reproducibility and efficiency.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES BY INDIGENOUS CONSTRUCTION AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT COMPANIES IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors: Chima Wendy Ogheneyoma , Udoekanem Namnso Bassey
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to assess the adoption of emerging technologies (ET) by indigenous construction and real estate development companies (CRED) in Abuja, Nigeria with a view to identifying the key driving factors. The study adopted a combination of descriptive and exploratory research designs. Data were collected through structured questionnaire administered to thirty - eight indigenous CRED companies in the study area via purposive sampling technique. Data obtained for the study were analysed through descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The study found that drone technology is the most commonly used form of ET by indigenous CRED companies in Abuja with 26% of the total occurrence observed. This is followed by BIM (23%) and virtual reality (19%) respectively. It also found that location of the project, labour factor, government policy and technical nature of the project are the crucial factors that influence the adoption of ET by indigenous CRED companies in the study area. The study concludes that there are prospects of greater usage of ET by indigenous CRED companies for their operations in the city in the nearest future. In the light of the findings, it recommends the establishment of a robust regulatory framework by policy makers in the construction industry to clearly provide the technical and ethical standards required for the use of ET in the industry and the penalties for non-compliance especially concerning geographical coverage, data privacy and data security.
Research on Game Product Design Based on Situational Experience Elements and Fusion Learning Methods
Authors: Sun Menglin , Zhang Yixin , Chen Anqi
Published: September 2024

s:In order to provide serious game products centered on
players’ contextual experiences, a game-guided design approach
incorporating learning methods is proposed.Firstly, a targeted Learning
Mechanics-Game Mechanics Model (LM-GM Model) is established based on the
educational objectives of the game and relevant mature paradigms, and
then the indicators in the model are evaluated for relevance, and
screened to obtain the design elements that are initially in line with
the theme and educational objectives of the game. Secondly, using fuzzy
Kano model to design the questionnaire to get the demand classification,
taking the essential demand as the core design element, extracting the
expectation demand and excitement demand to filter and sort again, and
calculating the contextual experience satisfaction index.Finally, a
network information security game is used as a design case to verify the
feasibility and superiority of the game-guided design method.The
experimental results show that the game guidance design method based on
the elements of contextual experience can better help the development of
serious games, effectively improve the player satisfaction of the game,
and can provide a design method for other similar products.
INFLUÊNCIA DA GESTÃO CONJUNTA DE RECURSOS FINANCEIROS NO VALOR ECONÔMICO ADICIONADO DE EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Pamplona Edgar , Silva Tarcísio Pedro da
Published: September 2024

Objetiva-se verificar a influência da gestão conjunta de recursos financeiros no valor econômico adicionado de empresas brasileiras. As informações foram coletadas da base de dados Thomson Reuters Eikon® e do website do Banco Central do Brasil (BACEN). A amostra de pesquisa abrangeu 184 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto listadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3), contemplando o período entre 1997 e 2018. Os dados foram operacionalizados por técnicas estatísticas, com destaque a regressão quadrática com uma variável preditiva (influência isolada) e, sobretudo, a regressão quadrática com duas variáveis preditivas (influência conjunta). Os resultados confirmam que de forma isolada, a estrutura de capital e a folga financeira apresentam nível ideal para maximizar a Margem do Valor Econômico Adicionado (MEVA) de empresas brasileiras. Ainda mais considerável, são as evidências de que as decisões acerca dos recursos financeiros – estrutura de capital e folga financeira – devem ser tratadas de forma conjunta a fim de se alcançar o maior MEVA em empresas brasileiras. Especificamente, os resultados apontam que o nível ideal de estrutura de capital e de folga financeira a fim de maximizar o MEVA corporativo pode oscilar em termos absolutos em até 9,65% quando se compara a influência isolada com a influência conjunta, sendo tal aspecto considerável para a melhor tomada de decisão por parte dos stakeholders. Tais achados sugerem que dadas as insuficiências inerentes ao se observar o fenômeno em questão por relações lineares e/ou por efeitos isolados, a evolução do conhecimento perpassa, adiante, pela sua observância de forma tridimensional.
IMPACTO DAS PROVISÕES TRIBUTÁRIAS E PASSIVOS CONTINGENTES TRIBUTÁRIOS NA AGRESSIVIDADE FISCAL DE EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS NÃO FINANCEIRAS DA B3
Authors: Marinho Ludimila Lopes da Silva , Machado Lúcio de Souza , Slavov Tiago Nascimento Borges
Published: September 2024

O estudo analisou o impacto das provisões tributárias e passivos contingentes tributários na agressividade fiscal de empresas brasileiras abertas. Em consonância com a literatura, foram propostas três hipóteses, no sentido de que tanto as provisões tributárias, como os passivos contingentes tributários, e a soma de ambos, impactam a agressividade fiscal das empresas. Para testá-las, foram obtidos dados de 2017 a 2020 e aplicado o método de regressão linear múltipla para dados em painel com efeitos aleatórios e estimados pelos Generalized Least Squares - GLS. As métricas utilizadas para mensuração da agressividade fiscal, variável dependente, foram ETR Gaap, ETR Cash, ETR DVA e BTD. Os resultados indicaram que as provisões tributárias e os passivos contingentes tributários não impactam na agressividade fiscal das empresas, portanto, as hipóteses de pesquisas foram refutadas. Os testes estatísticos evidenciaram, ainda, que a agressividade tributária é impactada pela alavancagem (LEV), retorno dos ativos (ROA) e setor, de modo geral, bem como pelo tamanho da empresa e governança corporativa para alguns modelos utilizados. Para aprofundar os resultados, foram feitas análises adicionais com um modelo lag-lead, ao investigar a variável independente em momentos diferentes (t-1, t+0, t+1) das demais variáveis. Os resultados das regressões adicionais não indicaram diferenças significativas com o modelo principal analisado, em âmbito geral, cabendo destaque apenas às variáveis PPC e PCT que influenciam na agressividade tributária, desde que considerada, como variável dependente, tão somente a ETR Gaap, e, um parâmetro estatístico de até 10% de significância.
The Effect of Functional Communication Training Using IISCA on
Aggressive and Communication Behaviors in Children with Autism*
Authors: Kim Yeongjun , Choi Jinoh , Koo Taewoo
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of functional
communication training (FCT) using Interview-informed Synthesized Contingency
Analysis (IISCA) on the aggressive behavior and functional communication
behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The functions of
aggressive behavior in two children with ASD were analyzed using IISCA, and
functional communication training was implemented using a multiple baseline
design across subjects. The study was conducted over a total of 26 sessions,
divided into four phases: functional analysis, baseline measurement,
intervention, and maintenance. To enhance the effectiveness of the intervention,
prompting was provided using a most-to-least strategy. The results of the
analysis indicated that, compared to the baseline, both children exhibited a
significant reduction in aggressive behavior and a significant increase in
functional communication behavior during both the intervention and maintenance
phases. The findings of this study suggest that functional communication
training using IISCA is effective in reducing and maintaining reductions in
aggressive behavior, as well as in increasing and maintaining functional
communication behavior. This study is significant in that it demonstrates the
effectiveness of behavioral interventions using IISCA, thereby highlighting the
potential for introducing a new method of functional analysis.
On the structure of graded 3-Lie-Rinehart algebras
Authors: Khalili Valiollah
Published: September 2024

We study the structure of a graded 3-Lie-Rinehart algebraLover an associative
and commutative graded algebra A. For G an abelian group, we show that if
(L,A) is a tight G-graded 3-Lie-Rinehart algebra, then L and A decompose as
L = ? i?I Li and A = ? j?J Aj, where any Li is a non-zero graded ideal of L
satisfying [Li1 ,Li2 ,Li3] = 0 for any i1, i2, i3 ? I different from each
other, and any Aj is a non-zero graded ideal of A satisfying AjAl = 0 for
any l, j ? J such that j ?l, and both decompositions satisfy that for any i
? I there exists a unique j ? J such that AjLi ? 0. Furthermore, any (Li,Aj)
is a graded 3-Lie-Rinehart algebra. Also, under certain conditions, it is
shown that the above decompositions of L and A are by means of the family of
their, respectively, graded simple ideals.
Singular solutions of a fractional Dirichlet problem in a punctured domain
Authors: Salah Sana , Toumi Faten , Hbaib Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Let D be a bounded regular domain in Rn (n ? 3) containing 0, 0 < ? < 2, and
? < 1. We take up in this article the existence and asymptotic behavior of a
positive continuous solution for the following semi-linear fractional
differential equation (??|D)?2 u = a(x)u?(x) in D\{0}, with the boundary
Dirichlet conditions lim |x|?0 |x|n??u(x) = 0 and lim x??D ?(x)2??u(x) = 0,
where (??|D)?/2 is the fractional Laplace associated to the subordinate
killed Brownian motion process in D and ?(x) = dist ( x, ?D) denotes the
Euclidean distance between x and ?D. The function a is a positive continuous
function in D\{0}, which may be singular at x = 0 and/or at the boundary ?D
satisfying some appropriate assumption related to Karamata class. More
precisely, we shall prove the existence and global asymptotic behavior of a
positive continuous solution on ?D\{0}. We will use some potential theory
arguments and Karamata regular variation theory tools.
Solving nonlinear matrix and Riesz-Caputo fractional differential equations via fixed point theory in partial metric spaces
Authors: Nashine Hemant , Jain Reena , Kadelburg Zoran
Published: September 2024

A modified implicit relation and ?-implicit contractive condition are
introduced in the setting of relational partial metric spaces and some
related fixed point results are derived. Two suitable examples are provided.
As an application, sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of a
unique positive definite solution of the non-linear matrix equation X = B +
Pk i=1A* i T(X)Ai. An example is given, using matrices that are randomly
generated, as well as convergence and error analysis and average CPU time
analysis. Solving fractional differential equations of Riesz-Caputo type
with anti-periodic boundary conditions is also discussed, followed by two
illustrations.
Different types of approximation operators on Gn-CAS via ideals
Authors: Bedre Özbakir Oya , Dalan Yildirim Esra , Çaksu Güler Aysegül
Published: September 2024

A mathematical approach to dealing with the problems of ambiguity and
indeterminacy in knowledge is called a rough set theory. It begins by using
an equivalence relation to divide the universe into parts. Numerous
generalized rough set models have been developed and investigated to
increase their adaptability and extend their range of applications. In this
context, we introduce new generalized rough set models that are inspired by
covering-based rough sets and ideals. In this paper, lower and upper
approximations of new types of covering rough sets based on j-neighborhoods,
complementary j-neighborhoods, and j-adhesions are defined via ideals. The
main features of these approximations are examined. The relationships among
them are given by various examples and propositions. Some comparisons
between our methods and others? methods such as Abd El-Monsef et al.?s
method [2] and Nawar et al.?s method [22] are given. A practical example is
given to illustrate one of our methods is more precise.
VIRTUAL SCREENING OF ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM DC. FRUIT BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AS NATURAL ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS
Authors: Safa Muhammad Shafala , Noer Azmi , Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
Published: September 2024

The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) is a widely prescribed anti-hypertensive drugs targeting the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). These drugs still have limitations due to their side effects. This study aims to identify the potential of bioactive compounds from Andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) as natural ACEi for the treatment of hypertension with an in-silico approach. Phytoconstituents from Z. acanthopodium fruits were screened using the SwissADME web server for their bioavailability. The selected compounds were then paired to human ACE (PDB ID: 1O86) by site-specific docking to the ACE binding pocket. The stability of the interaction between ligand and protein was evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations in YASARA software. From a total of 39 compounds, we predict that 5 compounds namely kaempferol, quercetin, abscisic acid, benzophenone, and cis-3,5,3,4-tetrahydroxystilbene can bind to ACE with good affinity and form interactions with key residues. The presence of these compounds may reduce the binding affinity of angiotensin I to ACE and alter the interaction site. Molecular dynamics simulations show the compounds have good interaction stability with ACE and remain in the active site until the end of the simulation. This study showed that five bioactive compounds from Andaliman fruit act potentially as natural ACE-inhibiting agents.
Optimizing Healthcare Organization Performance via Comparative Studies: Global Trends, Challenges and Future Research Directions in Health Economics
Authors: TTH* Wan
Published: September 2024

Health economics research and evaluation has demonstrated its key role in shaping global health. Patient care quality and safety measures coupled with the balance of equity of care and cost efficiency are essential to help countries to achieve high quality and productivity in their performance. Furthermore, data science coupled with artificial intelligence plays a pivotal role in conducting rigorous comparative studies guided by sound theoretical perspectives in selecting appropriate data and predictive models. With the assistance of quantum computing technology, it is promising that new insight could be gained from longitudinal study design and analysis of both micro- and macro-predictor variables of efficiency and effectiveness to optimize health organization performance.
Supply Chain Management of Apple Production and Marketing in Kinnaur District of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Abhishek  , Raina Krishan Kumar , Negi Aparna
Published: September 2024

Present study was conducted to assess the impact of Supply chain Management of Apple Production and study the existing status of Apple production and marketing in Kinnaur district of Himchal Pradesh, India using data for the period 2021–2022. To identify the objectives of the study, a sample of 200 respondents was interviewed through structured interview schedule. The orchard area was 79.26% in Kinnaur, in which irrigated and un-irrigated land was 32.71 and 67.29%. 44% of the sampled respondents were in the category of marginal land holdings, small land holdings were possessed by 46.00%, medium were possessed by 9.00% and large land holdings only 1.00% of sampled household in study area. The various input supply chains identified in apple production in the study area are Channel-I, Channel- II, Channel- III. . Out of all three channels, the channel III is found to be efficient with modified market efficiency of 47.3%. The producer share for consumer’s rupees is 81.81% with net marketing margin was 180 with price spread value of 380. The total cost for production of apple on one hectare of land holdings was observed to be ` 51258 on overall basis. 77.00% of the respondents were aware about the constraints in supply chain apple producers were not so aware about the effective supply chain management and it can be reduced by the efficient supply chain management.
Estereótipos invertidos na formação reflexivo-colaborativa de professores de português língua estrangeira
Authors: Dutra Anelise Fonseca
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa em um curso de formação de professores de português língua estrangeira no qual não há um distanciamento entre as dicotomias teoria/prática e professor/pesquisador (Wallace, 2001).  Esta formação valoriza o trabalho reflexivo-colaborativo (Schon, 2000; Dutra; Mello, 2004) e teve como objetivo principal analisar como essa formação voltada para uma educação intercultural (Byram, 2009; Motta-Roth, 2006) auxilia o professor no desenvolvimento de uma visão crítica sobre si mesmo e sobre o aluno estrangeiro levando-o a uma mudança na sua prática. Como metodologia utilizamos os apontamentos que eram levados para discussão nas sessões colaborativas que ocorriam semanalmente entre professores e coordenador. Um desses apontamentos foram os estereótipos apresentados não apenas pelos alunos, mas principalmente pelos professores (Schneider, 2005; Borghetti, 2013 e McFarlane, 2014). Como resultado podemos apontar para o fato que as nossas discussões levaram os professores a perceber as suas ideias preconcebidas e a postura que eles assumiam em sala motivados por esses preconceitos (Maldonado-Torres, 2007; Quintero, 2019) levando-os assim a repensar suas crenças e valores e modificar suas ações em sala de aula.
crenças dos revisores textuais sobre a expressão “já que”
Authors: Nascimento Ingrid Cruz do , Sousa Socorro Cláudia Tavares de
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho objetiva analisar as crenças do revisor de textos acerca do uso da expressão já que em gêneros da esfera acadêmica. A análise se baseia na Teoria da Gestão da Língua de Spolsky (2004, 2009, 2021). Quanto à abordagem metodológica, esta pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e se enquadra em um paradigma interpretativista como descrito por Angel Lin (2015). Foi elaborado um questionário online e respondido por dez revisores textuais brasileiros. Como resultados, identificamos duas principais crenças em relação a essa expressão: i) primeiro, este é compreendido como menos formal e, consequentemente, menos adequado aos gêneros acadêmicos do que outros elementos coesivos; ii) segundo, é compreendido como semanticamente impreciso ou generalizante, sendo sugerido ser substituído em textos acadêmicos.
Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury, incidence, and predictors. Prospective observational single center study.
Authors: Jabayeva Nilufar , Li Tatyana , Kuanyshbek Aidyn , Zhailauova Azhar , Amanzholova Ainamkoz , Zhunussov Askar , Bekishev Bolat , Maltabarova Nurila
Published: September 2024

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function, leading to accumulation of waste products and fluids in the body. It is a common and serious complication in patients with cardiovascular diseases, and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Aim

In this study, we explore the relationship between cardiac issues and the development of AKI, as well as strategies for its prevention and management. The primary aim of this study is to examine the incidence and risk factors for the AKI in patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit/CICU), as well as the impact of AKI on patient outcomes.

 

Methods

We conducted prospective observational single center study. 292 consecutive patients admitted to ICU after open heart surgery by sternotomy were included. Patients were monitored in ICU for frequency of AKI, perioperative risk factors, cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) and their impact on patients’ outcome.

Results

After admission to the intensive care unit, 33 patients (11.3%) developed CSA-AKI in the postoperative period. According to the analysis, male gender (p=0.03), decreased GFR (p=0.02) as well as high EuroSCORE II (p=0.013), hemoglobin level before surgery (p = 0.002) and the presence of diabetes and chronic kidney disease (p=0.03) were independent predictors of AKI after open-heart surgery. In patients who developed AKI, the duration of artificial lung ventilation was increased (21.3 vs 9.9 hours p = 0.001) and the duration of stay in the intensive care unit (4.3 vs. 1.9 days, P = 0.02).

 Conclusion:

Patients often have AKI after heart surgery. EuroSCORE II, gender, diabetes, time of cardiopulmonary bypass and chronic kidney disease are independent predictors of AKI development. The appearance of AKI is due to an unfavorable outcome of events. The appearance of acute kidney injury is associated with adverse consequences.

 Key words: Acute kidney injury, cardiac surgery, predictors of AKI, postoperative period.

 Conflict of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Effect of Immunosuppressive Therapy After Liver Transplantation and the Relationship Between Changes in the Gut Microbiome and Graft Rejection
Authors: Menseses do Rêgo Amália Cinthia , Araújo-Filho Irami
Published: September 2024

Solid organ transplantation, particularly liver transplantation, necessitates the use of immunosuppressive therapy to prevent organ rejection. However, these agents profoundly affect the gut microbiota, whose altered state can significantly impact transplant outcomes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the interactions between immunosuppressants and the gut microbiota and explores the mechanisms by which these interactions affect graft survival and rejection. Immunosuppressive drugs, including cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone, and azathioprine, are known to cause dysbiosis by decreasing microbial diversity and favoring pathogenic bacteria and fungi. This disruption can lead to increased susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammation, impaired drug metabolism, and direct effects on graft rejection. The review also discusses the potential of modifying the gut microbiota to improve transplant outcomes through dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). These interventions aim to restore a healthy microbial balance, enhance immune tolerance, and reduce the incidence of graft rejection. The paper highlights the need for integrated approaches that consider the microbiome’s role in transplantation and outlines future directions for research and clinical practice, aiming to optimize the management of transplant recipients. By understanding and manipulating the gut microbiome, new therapeutic strategies could revolutionize transplant medicine, reducing complications and improving the quality of life for recipients.
Influence of the Beiring Sorenson Hold and the Barbell Back Squat on Running Cadence in Military Ruck Marching: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Robinson Shane , Palevo Gregory , Boys Nathan
Published: September 2024

Ruck marching is a key performance indicator for tactical preparation; however, marching under load causes changes in biomechanics, which can increase injury risk. Although this risk of injury from changes is known, current methods commonly used for assessing physical fitness have not adequately identified how to minimize these changes. In this observational study, 14 ROTC cadets underwent a series of physical muscular fitness tests prior to performing a six-mile ruck march. These included an evaluation of postural endurance via the Biering Sorenson hold, lower body strength via the back squat, and upper body strength via bench press. After the tests were performed, ruck march performance was evaluated by total time to completion and running dynamics. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine if bench press maximum, back squat maximum, or Sorenson hold were predictors of the performance of the ruck March.
Average cadence shared a positive significant relationship with the Sorenson hold (r = 0.76, p = 0.02) and a negative significant relationship with the back squat (r = -0.76, p = 0.02). Additionally, the Sorenson hold did not share any significant relationships with total ruck time (r = -0.3, p = 0.29) or ground contact time (r = -0.41, p = 0.31). The back squat did not share significant relationships with ground contact time (r = -0.37, p = 0.37) or average smoothness (r = -0.38, p = 0.31). This study highlights the potential relationship that the Sorenson hold and back squat can have on running cadence, which has shown significant changes in previous research evaluating the changes in running performance and characteristics from weight ruck marching. Further investigation of the relationship of these assessments on the performance of ruck marching should be performed with larger numbers of cadets in the future.
Violation of the procedure established by law for transplantation of human anatomical materials: concepts and types
Authors: Kuzyuk M. H.
Published: September 2024

The article addresses the pressing issue of ensuring legality in the field of transplantation. The current state of healthcare in Ukraine, the need for high-quality medical services, and the necessity of adapting national legislation to international standards prompt a thorough analysis and improvement of the legal regulation of the transplantation of anatomical materials. The main focus of the article is on identifying violations of legislation in the field of transplantation, analyzing their types, and consequences. Various aspects of offenses are examined, including illegal organ trade, violations of the donor consent procedure, and non-compliance with medical ethics and safety standards during transplantation operations. The peculiarities of violations committed by both medical professionals and other related workers in the transplantation of human anatomical materials are revealed.
The authors explore the international experience of transplantation regulation and highlight key points that require attention in Ukrainian legislation. The provisions of the Brussels Declaration on the Laws and Customs of War, the Geneva Conventions, and other international documents establishing norms and principles in this field are analyzed. Violations of these norms can have serious consequences for patients’ health and the reputation of medical institutions. The article emphasizes the need to strengthen state control over compliance with legislation in the field of transplantation, improve legal mechanisms of accountability for violations, and create conditions for the effective functioning of the transplantation system in Ukraine. Specifically, the author proposes an original definition of violations of the established order of transplantation of human anatomical materials and provides a classification of violations by areas and forms of activity at each stage of this process.
The study aims to form theoretical and practical foundations for ensuring the legality and ethics of the transplantation of anatomical materials in Ukraine, which is an important step in the development of the medical field and the protection of patients’ rights.
Problematic issues of qualification of cases of destruction or damage to forests and other objects of flora committed by the russian military in Ukraine
Authors: Khashev V. G.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of qualifying cases of destruction or damage to forests and other flora committed by the russian military in Ukraine as war crimes, taking into account the norms of national and international law. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1976, and the Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions for the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I) of 8 June 1977, it was concluded that such facts are subject to qualification under Art. 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (hereinafter – the CC) only if it is proved that they were committed in the context of and in connection with hostilities, and caused widespread, long-term and serious damage to the environment. It is stated that these features are evaluative, and therefore there is a need to initiate at the international level the development and regulatory consolidation of clear criteria for minimal damage to the environment, which will give grounds to qualify the infliction of such damage as a war crime under international humanitarian law. It is proved that if there is no connection with the conduct of hostilities, then mass destruction of flora is subject to qualification as ecocide under Article 441 of the Criminal Code, and if there is no mass destruction of such objects, then these acts may be qualified under Article 245 or Article 246 of the Criminal Code, but also only in cases where there is no connection with the conduct of hostilities. And if an individual or a group of russian military destroy or damage a plant life object, but this does not cause widespread, long-term and serious damage, but there is a contextual connection with the conduct of hostilities, such acts should also be qualified, depending on the subject and/or method of impact on plant life objects, under Article 245 of the CC or Article 246 of the CC.
Correlation between the principle of competitiveness and the right of the court to instruct the representative of probation body staff to make a pre-trial report in criminal proceedings
Authors: Bilas I. Y.
Published: September 2024

The article highlights the issue of compliance with the general principle of competitiveness of criminal proceedings with the right of the court to instruct a representative of the probation body staff to prepare a pre-trial report on the identity of the accused, which the court implements at the stage of preparatory proceedings, both on its own initiative and at the request of the parties to the criminal legal dispute. It has been found that the principle of competitiveness imposes on the court the obligation, on the one hand, to facilitate the implementation of the procedural rights granted to the parties and not to interfere in the process of proving their own legal position. However, on the other hand, it obliges the court to fully, comprehensively and impartially investigate the circumstances of the commission of a criminal offense to achieve the truth in a criminal case. It has been established that in the case of instructing a representative of the staff of the probation body to prepare a pre-trial report on his own initiative, the court actually goes to the side of the prosecution, since, even before the investigation in the conditions of the trial of any evidence of the person’s guilt, it appoints a pre-trial report with a conclusion on the necessary type and extent punishing the accused for committing an incriminated, but as yet unproven, criminal offense. It was emphasized that the refusal of the court to grant the request of the party to the criminal proceedings regarding the necessity of appointing a pre-trial report is also incompatible with the requirements of the principle of competitiveness, because additional information about the identity of the accused can help the parties defend their legal positions before the court, since they can indicate the presence of circumstances that aggravate or mitigate the defendant’s punishment, or exclude his criminal responsibility. On the basis of the conducted research, a conclusion was formulated, according to which, the resolution on instructing a representative of the probation body staff to prepare a pre-trial report based on the request of a party to a criminal legal dispute will fully comply with the principle of adversarial criminal proceedings, since: 1) it will assist the parties in proving the circumstances before the court, which are included in the subject of proof; 2) will be an additional way to ensure the achievement of the objective truth in a criminal case; 3) will testify to the impartiality and impartiality of the court, which, in the absence of prosecution evidence, will leave to the discretion of the parties the necessity of appointing a pre-trial report with a conclusion on the possibility of correction of the accused without the application of imprisonment or restriction of liberty for a certain period.
The subject of proof in the criminal process of Ukraine
Authors: Bondarenko O. O.
Published: September 2024

The article claims that the process of proving is the main content of criminal procedural activity. It is thanks to this process that the tasks of criminal procedure are fulfilled and the objective truth is established in criminal justice. The subject of proof in criminal proceedings is one of the key categories related to the process of proving. Establishing all the circumstances that characterize such a subject contribute to a full pre-trial investigation and trial.
A conclusion has been formulated, according to which evidence in a criminal procedure should be understood as the activity of the subjects of criminal justice in relation to the collection, verification and evaluation of evidence and their procedural sources, as well as the formulation of a certain thesis (accusatory or exculpatory) on this basis and the submission of arguments in support of it. This activity is retrospective in nature. The purpose of cognition in criminal proceedings is to establish a certain set of circumstances of a criminal offense, which have been called “the subject of proof in a criminal procedure.” The list of such circumstances is defined in Art. 91 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) of Ukraine. The subject of proof in a criminal proceeding is the list of circumstances provided for by the Criminal Procedure Law of Ukraine, which must be established in each criminal proceeding and ensure the adoption of a corresponding procedural decision.
The list of circumstances to be ascertained in criminal proceedings regarding criminal offenses committed by minors should be considered as a supplementary, clarifying subject of proof in relation to the general subject of proof. Circumstances to be established during criminal proceedings regarding the application of coercive measures of an breeding nature in relation to minors who have not reached the age of criminal responsibility, and regarding the use of coercive measures of a medical nature constitute a separate, independent subject of proof in a criminal process, determined by the characteristics of a person who has committed a socially-dangerous act, and the specifics of the criminal procedural form.
Initiation of forensic examinations by the defence counsel: topical issues of forensic support
Authors: Dulskyi O.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of topical issues of initiation of forensic examinations by the defence counsel, as well as forensic support of this activity. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the initiation of forensic examinations by the defence counsel is an important aspect of the criminal process which affects not only the formation of the evidence base for the prosecution, but also for the defence, which can establish the circumstances that justify or mitigate the responsibility of the defendant.
The article focuses on the fact that the defence counsel may obtain an expert opinion in three ways at the stage of pre-trial investigation: 1) defence counsel’s independent request to an expert or an expert institution to conduct an expert examination; 2) defence counsel’s initiation of a forensic examination by an investigating judge; 3) defence counsel’s initiation of a forensic examination by an investigator, coroner, or prosecutor.
It is noted that the organisational activities of a defence counsel who plans to initiate a forensic examination before an investigator, coroner, or prosecutor include three stages: preparatory, working, and final. The author analyses all three stages of organisational activities of a defence counsel who plans to initiate a forensic examination, both from the criminal procedural and forensic sides. The author emphasises that when filing a relevant motion, a defence counsel should always clearly understand what specific purpose is being pursued and what result is desirable from the defence perspective.
The author comes to the conclusion that forensic support for the defence counsel’s initiation of forensic examinations to the investigator, coroner, prosecutor is provided in the process of: preparation, submission of a petition, and familiarisation with the results of the examination.
A few remarks on professional and expert activities in criminal proceedings
Authors: Jakub Matis
Published: September 2024

In criminal proceedings, the establishment of facts beyond reasonable doubt is a cornerstone principle, ensuring that criminal offenses are accurately identified and perpetrators are justly punished while respecting the rights of all parties involved. The proof process is vital, with evidence playing an essential role in determining the outcomes of various procedural stages. Among the types of evidence, expert evidence has become increasingly significant, especially with advances in science and technology broadening the scope of issues requiring specialized knowledge.
This paper aims to analyze the roles and impacts of professional and expert activities in criminal procedures. It seeks to highlight the distinctions between expert reports and professional statements, illustrating their respective legal standings and importance in the context of Slovak law. By examining the regulatory framework, specifically Act No. 382/2004 Coll. on experts, interpreters, and translators, and the Criminal Procedure Code (Act No. 301/2005 Coll.), the paper delves into the conditions, rights, and obligations of experts. Additionally, it addresses the significance of expert consultants introduced by the Criminal Procedure Code, who provide advisory services without precluding the involvement of expert witnesses for comprehensive technical assessments. Expert reports, governed by stringent formalities, are pivotal in addressing complex technical issues within criminal cases. These reports must be produced by court-appointed experts and include detailed descriptions of the methods used and the conclusions drawn. Conversely, professional statements, considered documentary evidence, do not carry the same legal weight and lack the formalities required for expert reports. The Criminal Procedure Code also ensures that expert evidence is used appropriately by stipulating when and how expert opinions should be sought. This comprehensive approach ensures that all technical and scientific issues are thoroughly examined, contributing to the fair administration of justice. In conclusion, the integration of expert and professional activities in criminal proceedings enhances the accuracy and reliability of judicial decisions. By leveraging specialized knowledge, the legal system can better fulfill its mandate of delivering justice while upholding the principles of fairness and due process. This paper underscores the necessity of clear regulatory frameworks and the proper application of expert evidence to achieve these aims.