bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O itinerário do narrador em Os velhos marinheiros ou o capitão-de-longo-curso de Jorge Amado
Authors: Dias Denise
Published: August 2022

Resumo: O presente artigo propõe-se a analisar o romance de Jorge Amado, Os velhos marinheiros ou o capitão-de-longo-curso, de 1961, tomando como eixo condutor o diálogo que o mesmo estabelece com a tradição literária picaresca. Objetiva-se situar a obra amadiana no prolongamento da tradição picaresca, identificando as características que ela incorpora do gênero e a maneira como ela as transforma, contribuindo para o surgimento do romance neopicaresco no Brasil, focando o narrador-personagem.  Revisita-se o surgimento do gênero picaresco na literatura espanhola e sua sobrevivência na literatura ocidental, com a finalidade de examinar sua adaptação a um outro contexto, o do cenário baiano do Brasil do século XX, com suas especificidades sociais, históricas e culturais.  Apoia-se, no conceito de González, com a finalidade de precisar a contribuição específica do romance de Jorge Amado à literatura pícara moderna. Palavras-chave: Jorge Amado. Romance neopicaresco. Narrador.
Ancestralidade em Pastores da Noite de Jorge Amado
Authors: Leonardeli Poliana Bernabé , Fleischmann Fransueiny , José de Oliveira Jurema
Published: August 2022

A proposta do artigo é abordar em Pastores da Noite de Jorge Amado a presença da ancestralidade como recurso que movimenta o enredo, tanto no que se refere à linguagem como a outros elementos subjacentes da narrativa. A produção de Jorge Amado no geral é explorada pela crítica a partir de fundamentos eurocêntricos, tais apostas de estudo, todavia, incorreram em inúmeros erros de pesquisa ao longo das últimas décadas, os quais acabaram por posicionar indevidamente a literatura amadiana nos espaços acadêmicos. Nesta análise a pretensão é lançar outros olhares teóricos à obra do autor, relacionando-a aos fundamentos da filosofia africana de raízes ancestrais. As principais referências bibliográficas que embasam a proposta deste trabalho são Amadou Hampatê Bâ (2021), Fábio Leite (2008), Eduardo Oliveira (2017) e Jurema José Oliveira (2018)
Representações da pluralidade cultural na luta para a inclusão e contra o racismo. O sonho intercultural na vida e na obra de Jorge Amado
Authors: Roscilli Antonella Rita
Published: August 2022

Nosso trabalho tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a noção de Pluralidade Cultural na obra de Jorge Amado. Por isso busca problematizar as relações entre o conceito de Alteridade, Racismo e o pensamento do escritor brasileiro Jorge Amado (1912-2001) que fez da literatura uma ferramenta para lutar contra os preconceitos raciais. Analisando alguns momentos importantes da  sua biografia e alguns elementos de mediação simbólica, presentes em obras literárias como "Capitães da Areia", "Gato Malhado e Andorinha Sinhá" (1948), "Dona Flor e seus dois maridos" (1966) e "Tenda dos Milagres" (1969), mostramos a modernidade e atualidade do pensamento de Jorge Amado também em relação ao conceito de Intercultura. O trabalho aqui proposto é parte integrante das pesquisas que viemos desenvolvendo desde 2010 e que começamos a apresentar no Curso Jorge Amado 2012 - II Colóquio de Literatura Brasileira, na Academia de Letras da Bahia-ALB. (Brasil).
Modos de existir e resistir, à margem: leituras possíveis em Jorge Amado
Authors: Da Silva Filho Pedro Dorneles
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apontar chaves para a leitura de algumas produções de Jorge Amado, no recorte temporal de 1958-1988, a fim de identificar em que medida as personagens marginalizadas dessas obras operam, através de suas individualidades, transformações sócio-políticas nas comunidades ficcionais onde atuam. Essas figuras ex-cêntricas possuem corpos políticos que, na peculiaridade dos seus modos de existir no mundo, luzem resistências. Além disso, traçarei conexões entre a politização evocada nos textos amadianos, suas sugestões reflexivas e críticas, com demandas presentes ainda na agenda da sociedade brasileira e da produção literária contemporânea.
APROPRIAÇÃO/RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA DOUTRINA DA TRANSMIGRAÇÃO DAS ALMAS DA TRADIÇÃO MÍTICO-FILOSÓFICA ANTIGA, POR PARTE DO ESPIRITISMO, NA MODERNIDADE
Authors: Silva Edson , Costa Marcos Roberto Nunes
Published: August 2022

Não obstante a doutrina espírita se apresente como um pensamento novo, pelas principais teses que defende, nomeadamente aquela de uma suposta transmigração dos espíritos, que nela recebe o nome moderno de “reencarnação”, entretanto, quem conhece o pensamento produzido pela tradição mítico-filosófica antiga é levado a suspeitar que, neste tocante, ela não é tão original quanto se pensa, antes, pelo contrário, que tenha se apropriado ou sido influenciada por esta tradição, especialmente na sua vertente órfico-pitagórica-platônica, dando-lhe uma nova versão. Daí defendermos, portanto, que há, ao mesmo tempo, uma “apropriação/ressignificação da doutrina da transmigração das almas da tradição mítico-filosófica antiga”, notadamente da vertente órfico-pitagórico-platônica, por parte do espiritismo, na modernidade.
Theoretical study on the diffraction-based generation of a 2D
orthogonal lattice of optical beams: physical bases and application for a
vortex beam multiplication
Authors: Hebri Davud , Rasouli Saifollah
Published: August 2022

A comprehensive theoretical study on the generation of a 2D orthogonal lattice of optical beams based on the near-field diffraction and Talbot effect is presented. First we investigate the near-field diffraction of an optical beam with a finite lateral extension from an infinite 2D orthogonal grating. It is shown that the resulting diffraction patterns over the Talbot planes depend on the following parameters: the period and opening ratio (OR) of the grating, wavelength and spatial spectral bandwidth of the incident beam, and the propagation distance. In terms of these parameters, we find multiplication conditions: the certain conditions under which a 2D orthogonal lattice of the Fourier transform of the incident beam is generated on the Talbot planes. Therefore, if the incident beam is Fourier-invariant and all the established multiplication conditions are fulfilled, the intensity profile of each of the individual Talbot images resembles the intensity profile of the incident beam. We consider the Laguerre–Gaussian beams having zero radial index as an important class of the vortex beams. We explicitly show that these beams are Fourier-invariant and we calculate their spatial spectral bandwidth. As a result, in the illumination of a 2D orthogonal binary grating with this kind of vortex beam, a 2D orthogonal lattice of the incident optical vortex is generated at the Talbot planes. Considering the obtained multiplication conditions, for the first time, to our knowledge, we determine a multiplication interval. This interval covers the propagation distances at which the vortex beam multiplication occurs. Moreover, we obtain the maximum possible value of the grating’s OR for the realizations of the vortex multiplication. It is shown that both the multiplication interval and the maximum value of the OR depend on the topological charge (TC) of the incident beam. With the aid of some practical examples and defining a multiplication quality factor, the mentioned results are verified quantitatively. In addition to the vortex beam multiplication effect, we consider another interesting phenomenon that results from the interference of the grating’s first diffraction orders. We call this phenomenon the first diffraction orders interference (FDOI) effect. We show that both the multiplication and the FDOI effects occur simultaneously but at different propagation distances. It is also shown that the multiplication and FDOI intervals separate and distance from each other by increasing the TC of the incident beam.
Nanoscale-cavity enhancement of color conversion with colloidal quantum dots embedded in the surface nano-holes of a blue-emitting light-emitting diode
Authors: Huang Yang-Yi , Li Zong-Han , Lai Yi-Cheng , Chen Jun-Chen , Wu Shung-Hsiang , Yang Shaobo , Kuo Yang , Yang Chih-Chung , Hsu Ta-Cheng , Lee Chi-Ling
Published: August 2022

Although the method of inserting colloidal quantum dots (QDs) into deep nano-holes fabricated on the top surface of a light-emitting diode (LED) has been widely used for producing effective Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the LED quantum wells (QWs) into the QDs to enhance the color conversion efficiency, an important mechanism for enhancing energy transfer in such an LED structure was overlooked. This mechanism, namely, the nanoscale-cavity effect, represents a near-field Purcell effect and plays a crucially important role in enhancing the color conversion efficiency. Here, we demonstrate the results of LED performance, time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), and numerical simulation to elucidate the nanoscale-cavity effect on color conversion by inserting a photoresist solution of red-emitting QDs into the nano-holes fabricated on a blue-emitting QW LED. Based on the TRPL study of the inserted QDs in a nano-hole structure fabricated on an un-doped GaN template of no QW, it is found that the emission efficiency of the inserted QDs is significantly increased due to the nanoscale-cavity effect. From the simulation study, it is confirmed that this effect can also increase the FRET efficiency, particularly for those radiating dipoles in the QWs oriented perpendicular to the sidewalls of the nano-holes. In the nanoscale-cavity effect, the enhanced near field distribution inside a nano-hole excited by a light emitter modifies its own radiation behavior through the Purcell effect such that its far-field emission becomes stronger.
Catastrophic optical damage in 808 nm broad area laser diodes: a study of the dark line defect propagation
Authors: Dadgostar Shabnam , Pura José Luis , Mediavilla Irene , Souto Jorge , Jimenez Juan
Published: August 2022

We present a study of the propagation of dark line defects (DLDs) in catastrophically damaged 808 nm laser diodes, based on cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements and laser mode propagation simulations. Room temperature CL images show blurred DLDs running parallel to the laser cavity. Remarkably, low temperature images reveal their true morphology: the blurred lines are resolved as parallel narrow discontinuous DLDs. This morphology does not match the usually reported molten front scenario of DLD propagation. Low temperature images show that DLDs consist of a sequence of catastrophic optical damage (COD) events separated a few micrometers from each other. Consequently, a different propagation scheme is proposed. The points where the CODs occur suffer a temperature increase and these hot spots play a capital role in the propagation of the DLDs. Their influence on the beam distribution is modelled using finite element methods. The calculations evidence changes on the intensity distribution of the laser that qualitatively reproduce the DLD shapes. Additionally, the COD events result in the generation of defects in the region that surrounds them. The successive CODs in the discontinuous DLDs are rationalized in terms of the enhanced laser absorption in these sensitized regions where the laser beam is concentrated by thermal lensing.
Chip-based wide field-of-view total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Fan Zetao , Kuai Yan , Tang Xi , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Douguo
Published: August 2022

Conventional total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy requires either an oil-immersed objective with high numerical aperture or a bulky prism with high refractive index to generate the evanescent waves that work as the illumination source for fluorophores. Precise alignment of the optical path is necessary for optimizing the imaging performance of TIRF microscopy, which increases the operation complexity. In this Letter, a planar photonic chip composed of a dielectric multilayer and a scattering layer is proposed to replace the TIRF objective or the prism. The uniform evanescent waves can be excited under uncollimated incidence through this chip, which simplifies the alignment of the optical configurations and provides shadowless illumination. Due to the separation of the illumination and detection light paths, TIRF microscopy can have a large field-of-view (FOV).
An exploration of anti-corruption and health in international organizations
Authors: Bowra Andrea , Saeed Gul , Gorodensky Ariel , Kohler Jillian Clare
Published: August 2022

Corruption is a global wicked problem that threatens the achievement of health, social and economic development goals, including Sustainable Development Goal # 3: Ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all. The COVID-19 pandemic and its resulting strain on health systems has heightened risks of corruption both generally and specifically within health systems. Over the past years, international organizations, including those instrumental to the global COVID-19 response, have increased efforts to address corruption within their operations and related programs. However, as attention to anti-corruption efforts is relatively recent within international organizations, there is a lack of literature examining how these organizations address corruption and the impact of their anti-corruption efforts. This study addresses this gap by examining how accountability, transparency, and anti-corruption are taken up by international organizations within their own operations and the reported outcomes of such efforts. The following international organizations were selected as the focus of this document analysis: the World Health Organization, the Global Fund, the United Nations Development Programme, and the World Bank Group. Documents were identified through a targeted search of each organization’s website. Documents were then analyzed combining elements of content analysis and thematic analysis. The findings demonstrate that accountability and transparency mechanisms have been employed by each of the four international organizations to address corruption. Further, these organizations commonly employed oversight mechanisms, including risk assessments, investigations, and audits to monitor their internal and external operations for fraud and corruption. All organizations used sanction strategies meant to reprimand identified transgressors and deter future corruption. Findings also demonstrate a marked increase in anti-corruption efforts by these international organizations in recent years. Though this is promising, there remains a distinct absence of evidence demonstrating the impact of such efforts on the prevalence and severity of corruption in international organizations.
The impact of COVID-19 on the livelihoods of Kenyan slum dwellers and the need for an integrated policy approach
Authors: Solymári Daniel , Kairu Edward , Czirják Ráhel , Tarrósy István
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to deal with the impact of COVID-19 on the livelihoods of disadvantaged persons living in slums in Kenya. Months after the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Kenya in March 2020, most of the studies that have been carried out pertaining to its impact on slum dwellers have concentrated on narrowly defined concerns e.g. the impact of COVID-19 on youth, gender based violence and nutrition. It is thus difficult to get a clear global picture of the overall impact of COVID-19 on the livelihoods of slum dwellers in Kenya. This paper relies on information gathered during a comprehensive qualitative micro study covering numerous aspects of slum dwellers’ livelihoods, as well as information that has been produced by the Ministry of Health, civil society organizations that work in specific slums, private research organizations as well as local and foreign media houses. The slums whose information is reported in this paper were selected to be indicative of the over 300 slums that are located in Nairobi and Mombasa, the two most important cities in Kenya. The analysis concludes that slum dwellers were potentially at a higher risk under the pressures of COVID-19 of deteriorating conditions with regard to the provision of health services, employment, gender-based violence, education and youth-related problems, and human rights violations, and offers several recommendations to the government.
Bioprotection of Zea mays L. from aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus by Loigolactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4
Authors: Salman Mahwish , Javed Muhammad Rizwan , Ali Hazrat , Mustafa Ghulam , Tariq Anam , Sahar Tanzila , Naheed Shazia , Gill Iqra , Abid Muhammad , Tawab Abdul
Published: August 2022

Fungal infection causes deterioration, discoloration, and loss of nutritional values of food products. The use of lactic acid bacteria has diverse applications in agriculture to combat pathogens and to improve the nutritional values of cereal grains. The current research evaluated the potential ofLoigolactobacillus coryniformisBCH-4 against aflatoxins producing toxigenicAspergillus flavusstrain. The cell free supernatant (CFS) ofLoig.coryniformiswas used for the protection ofZea maysL. treated withA.flavus. No fungal growth was observed even after seven days. The FT-IR spectrum of untreated (T1: without any treatment) and treated maize grains (T2: MRS broth +A.flavus; T3: CFS +A.flavus) showed variations in peak intensities of functional group regions of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Total phenolics, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of T3 were significantly improved in comparison with T1 and T2. Aflatoxins were not found in T3 while observed in T2 (AFB1 and AFB2 = 487 and 16 ng/g each). HPLC analysis of CFS showed the presence of chlorogenic acid,p-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, salicylic acid, and benzoic acid. The presence of these acids in the CFS ofLoig.coryniformiscumulatively increased the antioxidant contents and activity of T3 treated maize grains. Besides, CFS ofLoig.coryniformiswas passed through various treatments (heat, neutral pH, proteolytic enzymes and catalase), to observe its stability. It suggested that the inhibitory potential of CFS againstA.flavuswas due to the presence of organic acids, proteinaceous compounds and hydrogen peroxide. Conclusively,Loig.coryniformisBCH-4 could be used as a good bioprotecting agent forZea maysL. by improving its nutritional and antioxidant contents.
Life-course socioeconomic conditions, multimorbidity and polypharmacy in older adults: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jungo Katharina Tabea , Cheval Boris , Sieber Stefan , Antonia van der Linden Bernadette Wilhelmina , Ihle Andreas , Carmeli Cristian , Chiolero Arnaud , Streit Sven , Cullati Stéphane
Published: August 2022

Socioeconomic conditions across the life course may contribute to differences in multimorbidity and polypharmacy in old age. However, whether the risk of multimorbidity changes during ageing and whether life-course socioeconomic conditions are associated with polypharmacy remain unclear. We investigated whether disadvantaged childhood socioeconomic conditions (CSCs) predict increased odds of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in older adults, whether CSCs remain associated when adjusting for adulthood socioeconomic conditions (ACSs), and whether CSCs and ACSs are associated cumulatively over the life course. We used data for 31,432 participants (multimorbidity cohort, mean [SD] age 66·2[9] years), and 21,794 participants (polypharmacy cohort, mean age 69·0[8.9] years) from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (age range 50–96 years). We used mixed-effects logistic regression to assess the associations of CSCs, ASCs, and a life-course socioeconomic conditions score (0–8; 8, most advantaged) with multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs taken daily). We found an association between CSCs and multimorbidity (reference: most disadvantaged; disadvantaged: odds ratio (OR) = 0·79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·70–0·90; middle: OR = 0·60; 95%CI 0·53–0·68; advantaged: OR = 0·52, 95%CI 0·45–0·60, most advantaged: OR = 0·40, 95%CI 0·34–0·48) but not polypharmacy. This multimorbidity association was attenuated but remained significant after adjusting for ASCs. The life-course socioeconomic conditions score was associated with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. We did not find an association between CSCs, life-course socioeconomic conditions, and change in odds of multimorbidity and polypharmacy with ageing. Exposure to disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions in childhood or over the entire life-course could predict multimorbidity in older age.
Atypical integrative element with strand-biased circularization activity assists interspecies antimicrobial resistance gene transfer from Vibrio alfacsensis
Authors: Nonaka Lisa , Masuda Michiaki , Yano Hirokazu
Published: August 2022

The exchange of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes between aquaculture and terrestrial microbial populations has emerged as a serious public health concern. However, the nature of the mobile genetic elements in marine bacteria is poorly documented. To gain insight into the genetic mechanisms underlying AMR gene transfer from marine bacteria, we mated a multidrug-resistant Vibrio alfacsensis strain with an Escherichia coli strain, and then determined the complete genome sequences of the donor and the transconjugant strains. Sequence analysis revealed a conjugative multidrug resistance plasmid in the donor strain, which was integrated into the chromosome of the recipient. The plasmid backbone in the transconjugant chromosome was flanked by two copies of a 7.1 kb unclassifiable integrative element harboring a β-lactamase gene. The 7.1 kb element and the previously reported element Tn6283 share four coding sequences, two of which encode the catalytic R-H-R-Y motif of tyrosine recombinases. Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing experiments revealed that these elements generate a circular copy of one specific strand without leaving an empty site on the donor molecule, in contrast to the movement of integron gene cassettes or ICE/IMEs discovered to date. These elements are termed SEs (strand-biased circularizing integrative elements): SE-6945 (the 7.1 kb element) and SE-6283 (Tn6283). The copy number and location of SE-6945 in the chromosome affected the antibiotic resistance levels of the transconjugants. SEs were identified in the genomes of other Vibrio species. Overall, these results suggest that SEs are involved in the spread of AMR genes among marine bacteria.
Thinness negatively affects lung function among Sri Lankan children
Authors: Senevirathna Niroshani , Amarasiri Lakmali , Jayamanne Deepal , Manel Kanthi , Liyanage Guwani
Published: August 2022

Background

There have been conflicting findings on the effect of body mass index (BMI) on lung functions in children. Therefore, we studied the relationship between spirometry parameters and BMI among healthy Sri Lankan school children aged 5–7 years.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 296 school children (5–7-year-old) without apparent lung disease. Recruitment was done with stratified random sampling. Spirometry parameters, FEV1, FVC, PEFR, and FEV1/FVC ratio were determined. The acceptable and reproducible spirometry recordings were included in the analysis. Simple and multivariate linear regression analysis examined possible associations of lung function parameters with BMI, socio‐demographic variables and indoor risk factors. Also, the mediator effect of gender on lung function through BMI was explored.

Results

The participants’ mean age (SD) was 6.4 (0.65) years. One-third were thin/severely thin (37%). A statistically significant difference in FVC (p = 0.001) and FEV1 (p = 0.001) was observed between BMI groups (obesity/overweight, normal, and thinness). Yet, PEFR or FEV1/FVC did not significantly differ among BMI groups (p = 0.23 and p = 0.84). Multivariate regression analysis showed that FEV1 and FVC were significantly associated with BMI, child’s age, gender, family income, father’s education, having a pet, and exposure to mosquito coil smoke. Interaction between gender and BMI for lung functions was not significant. The thin children had significantly lower FVC (OR: -0.04, 95%CI: -0.077, -0.012, p = 0.008) and FEV1 (OR: -0.04, 95%CI: -0.075, -0.014, p = 0.004) than normal/overweight/obese children. Family income demonstrated the greatest effect on lung functions; FVC and FEV1 were 0.25L and 0.23L smaller in low-income than the high-income families.

Conclusion

Lower lung function parameters (FVC and FEV1) are associated with thinness than normal/overweight/obese dimensions among children without apparent lung disease. It informs that appropriate nutritional intervention may play a role in improving respiratory health.
Automatic grading for Arabic short answer questions using optimized deep learning model
Authors: Abdul Salam Mustafa , El-Fatah Mohamed Abd , Hassan Naglaa Fathy
Published: August 2022

Auto-grading of short answer questions is considered a challenging problem in the processing of natural language. It requires a system to comprehend the free text answers to automatically assign a grade for a student answer compared to one or more model answers. This paper suggests an optimized deep learning model for grading short-answer questions automatically by using various sizes of datasets collected in the Science subject for students in seventh grade in Egypt. The proposed system is a hybrid approach that optimizes a deep learning technique called LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) with a recent optimization algorithm called a Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). The GWO is employed to optimize the LSTM by selecting the best dropout and recurrent dropout rates of LSTM hyperparameters rather than manual choice. Using GWO makes the LSTM model more generalized and can also avoid the problem of overfitting in forecasting the students’ scores to improve the learning process and save instructors’ time and effort. The model’s performance is measured in terms of the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), the Pearson correlation coefficient, and R-Square. According to the simulation results, the hybrid GWO with the LSTM model ensured the best performance and outperformed the classical LSTM model and other compared models such that it had the highest Pearson correlation coefficient value, the lowest RMSE value, and the best R square value in all experiments, but higher training time than the traditional deep learning model.
METODOLOGIA CIENTÍFICA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: um mapeamento da produção científica na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD); Catálogo da CAPES e Directory Of Open Access Journal (DOAJ)
Authors: Machado Firme Simone , C. D. Miranda Angélica
Published: August 2022

Na graduação, a disciplina de Metodologia Científica é o primeiro contato com o mundo da pesquisa para a grande maioria dos acadêmicos. Discutir metodologia científica é se importar com o processo de produção do conhecimento e desenvolvimento dos alunos perante esse novo desafio na graduação. A disciplina de Metodologia Científica aponta os caminhos a serem percorridos para a construção da pesquisa. O presente trabalho objetiva realizar um mapeamento da literatura produzida sobre metodologia científica na graduação. Entre os objetivos específicos tem-se: listar as instituições de ensino; indicar a distribuição geográfica da produção científica e descrever as abordagens temáticas a partir do uso das palavras-chave. Este estudo é caracterizado por estado da arte, pois realizou-se um mapeamento bibliográfico com vistas a construir um retrato da produção científica veiculada na Biblioteca de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), Catálogo da CAPES e do Directory Of Open Access Journal (DOAJ) sobre Metodologia Científica no ensino superior. Inicialmente encontrou-se o total de 99 documentos e após a filtragem dos textos, selecionou-se 13 documentos: 1 tese; 6 dissertações e 6 artigos que compuseram o corpus final de análise. Entre os principais resultados tem-se a região sul com o maior número de publicações. E ao que diz respeito sobre as temáticas abordadas, cita-se pesquisas realizadas sobre a implementação da disciplina de Metodologia Científica no formato EAD para os cursos presenciais.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE VERTICAL SELF-WEIGHT STRESS DISTRIBUTION LAW OF SLOPE WITH GRANULAR MATERIALS UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Huijian Zhang , Gongning Liu , Weixiong Liu , Longgang Miao
Published: August 2022

Topography is one of the important factors affecting the distribution of the self-weight stress field. However, granular materials are different from general continuum materials (such as fluids and solids). Only adopting the continuum theory research still has certain limitations, while the use of experimental methods can better reflect the actual stress state of the granular materials. Therefore, in order to further obtain the vertical self-weight stress distribution of single slope with granular materials, the indoor experimental study of quartz sand based on the point source method is carried out in this paper. The research results indicate that: The measured value of the vertical stress on the bottom surface of the quartz sand slope is generally smaller than the γh (Gravity × Buried depth) value of the corresponding point, and the closer the measuring point is to the slope top, the greater the difference between the test value and γh. Besides, the influence of slope heights and slope ratios on the vertical self-weight stress about slope with granular material is also analyzed. Stress depressions appear in some test conditions, that is, the measured stress peak on the bottom of the slope does not appear at the measuring point closest to the slope top. Whether there is a stress depression and the scope of the depression is mainly related to the slope height, while the slope ratio has little effect on it.
FEATURES OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE SHEAR FAILURE SURFACES OF COARSE-GRAINED SLIP ZONE SOILS
Authors: Li Zechuang , Cai Qiyuan , Liu Di
Published: August 2022

Analyzing the change in the roughness of the shear plane under different particle composition is important to reveal the mesoscopic mechanism of strength change of coarse-grained slip zone soil. Slip zone soils were grouped according to different particle gradations and coarse particle contents for experiments. To collect shear plane coordinate data points, the customized shear plane measurement die was examined in the early stage to measure the shear plane. Then, the measured 3D data points are drawn into a 3D surface map by using the Surfer drawing software to show the actual situation of the shear plane. The shear planes were analyzed from different angles by using box plots and ice crystal flower plots. Finally, the roughness of the shear plane was quantified by the root mean square of the relative undulation (Z2). Findings indicate that the shear plane undulation characteristics of coarse-grained slip zone soil are obviously correlated with the proportion of particles with a size between 5–20 mm. Moreover, whether the gradation is good or poor has a significant effect on the shear plane characteristics. The well-graded shear plane is coarser and more undulated, whereas the poorly graded shear plane is the opposite. As the normal force increases, the undulation and roughness of the shear plane decrease. As the content of coarse particles increases, the roughness of the shear plane increases, and Z2 has a highly positive linear correlation with the coarse particle content.
USE OF CALCINATION RESIDUE FROM RICE HUSK AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR CEMENT
Authors: Briki Lyamine , Bouacida Loucif Ali , Lahbari Noureddine
Published: August 2022

In this study, we have developed a new cement composed by a partial substitution of the clinker with artificial pozzolans rich in silica, obtained by treatment of lignocellulosic residues, in this case, ash from rice husk. This substitution is added to the clinker with percentages ranging from 25 to 75%. These substitutions were chosen on the basis of the presence of silica which can react with portlandite (Ca(OH)2).

The results obtained show that these materials have, after activation, a great pozzolanicity that allows their addition to the Portland clinker with a percentage of up to 25% of the mass of the clinker.

The improvement of this reactivity is achieved by calcinating these additions at temperatures of 750°C. This significantly reduces the CO2 emissions that accompany the production of Portland cement clinker.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF BFRP REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB EXPOSED TO IMPACT LOADS
Authors: Jindra Daniel , Hradil Petr
Published: August 2022

This paper describes advanced numerical analysis of a simply supported reinforced concrete slab exposed to close range explosion of a TNT charge. Finite element method (FEM) has been utilized in order to conduct the analysis. Non-linear material model for concrete slab is adopted. Reinforcing bars made of basalt fibre reinforced plastic (BFRP) are considered by elastic-plastic material model. 3D numerical model has been created, and a software with explicit solver (LS-Dyna) has been used in order to conduct analyses. A simplified modelling method of the blast loading has been utilized, which is based on the consideration of the load effects as a time dependent pressure. Several cases with different mesh size or different finite element formulation are investigated. The results are compared with experimental data based on study of fellow researchers. Match between the numerical analyses and measurements is discussed and considered as satisfying.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL IMAGE OF HRADČANY AND PRAGUE CASTLE
Authors: Šnorbert Martin
Published: August 2022

This contribution deals with the urban development of the Hradčany area, within its position in the capital city, but especially within the area itself. Great emphasis is placed on historical development, as it significantly affects the current situation. Prague Castle, perceived as a historical and architectural complex, is unique in its complexity and size, we will not find a similar example in any of the surrounding countries.

Prague Castle, as an important part of Hradčany, was and still is the seat of the monarch, or today the president of the Czech Republic. The development of Czech history influenced the appearance of the Castle (alternation of royal families, growth and decline in the importance of Prague, ie the Czech kingdom in Central Europe). The combination of secular and ecclesiastical power in one place is also remarkable. At the same time, it is possible to find evidence of development in the field of culture, technical conveniences, architectural and engineering arts, over the course of ten centuries.

Based on archival research and the study of references, the reader is acquainted with the gradual change in the formation of the current plan of the city and the Castle. The connection between morphological assumptions and the location of first a Slavic fort, later a stone castle, is pointed out. The castle area was followed by a settlement in the sub-castle, which in the 14th century became a serf town of Hradčany. The alternation of artistic styles over the centuries and the related change in the structure and scale of buildings, but especially the panorama of Hradčany with the silhouette of the Castle, is discussed. In the end, the potential of the Hradčany area and the possibility of modernization interventions are also evaluated.
Caracterización técnica y productiva del sistema bovino lechero de las ganaderías asociadas del cantón Bolívar de la provincia de Manabí-Ecuador
Authors: Zambrano Rodríguez Delly Viviana , Pinargote Macías Josselyn Alexandra , García Paredes Rosa Irina
Published: August 2022

La presente investigación se basó en la caracterización técnica y productiva del sistema bovino lechero del cantón Bolívar (latitud: -0.841025 longitud: -80.1667) perteneciente a la provincia de Manabí, con el objetivo de realizar el levantamiento de información del estado actual del mismo. Para esto, se conoció el número total de socios activos en ASOGABO (Asociación de Ganaderos del Cantón Bolívar) y se realizó el cálculo de la muestra (10 socios), seguidamente se diseñó un cuestionario, una ficha (aplicada durante 7 días a la hora del ordeño) y se tomó como referencia una lista de verificación del MAGAP. Mediante aquellas herramientas se logró conocer que, en la mayoría de las fincas, la cantidad de leche obtenida es baja en relación a la región Sierra, así mismo, se estableció que finca, grupo genético y tiempo de lactancia influyen estadísticamente en la producción lechera. Por otra parte, se determinó que ninguna finca cumplía con los requisitos establecidos por las buenas prácticas pecuarias en la producción de leche, destacándose tres aspectos como los principales problemas (infraestructura, alimentación y manejo del ordeño).
Infiltrating mammary carcinoma in a cat with a congenital disorder: prognostic interest of histological examination
Authors: Hadef Ahmed , Hamlaoui Mohamed Walid , Bougherara Hithem , Haouar Lamine
Published: August 2022

This report describes the handling and clinical evolution of a malignant feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) in an eight-year-old female crossbred cat with a congenital disorder. Hence, the efficacy of tumor mass removal and the case prognosis was established by postoperative routine histological examination. A 6 cm diameter lump in the left thoracic mammary gland of multinodular appearance and purulent exudate with a reddish hue was excised after the entire mastectomy. The histopathological analysis showed the presence of numerous lymphovascular tumor emboli and frequently mitotic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. These were consistent with an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis explaining the patient's death within 7 weeks after surgery. Histology and cytology findings are of critical importance to clinicians in the management of the most common mammary malignancies in cats, to provide the best possible relief to animals with life-threatening cancer. It could also serve as a cancer model for advancing knowledge in congenitally affected humans.
Condiciones de alojamiento de los terneros en crianzas artificiales de tambo y su relación con el estrés por frío
Authors: Demateis-Llera Federico , Martínez Gabriela M. , Otero Alicia , López-Seco Emilia , Suárez Víctor H.
Published: August 2022

El estrés por frío en los terneros puede ser muy perjudicial para su salud y rendimiento futuro. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de las condiciones de manejo de la crianza artificial y su relación con estrés por frío en terneros de tambo. Se evaluaron 160 terneros durante las primeras horas de la mañana, y se registró si los animales poseían capa o no y si disponían o no de cama. Se observó si contaban con reparo para limitantes climáticas. También se registró la temperatura rectal y si temblaban ono. Se consideró que terneros con temperatura rectal igual o inferior a 37,2 °C se encontraban en estrés por frio. El análisis estadístico de los datos se hizo mediante la prueba no paramétrica de Chi cuadrado y se calculó la probabilidad de ocurrencia mediante Odds Ratio. Encontrándose que los terneros en condiciones de estrés presentaron 4,93 veces mayor probabilidad de temblar; que disponer de cama fue favorable para prevenir el estrés (0,027), que las capas plásticas incrementaron la probabilidad de sufrir de estrés (0,006) y que proveer reparo a los animales tiene un efecto positivo en la prevención del estrés por frío (p = 0,027) en los terneros de tambo.
La música afroargentina: apuntes para una historia social del silencio
Authors: Cirio Noberto Pablo
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se presenta el estado de conocimiento actual de la música afroargentina en base a la etnografía del autor en las últimas tres décadas en las provincias de Corrientes, Chaco, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, Buenos Aires y la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Esta actualización se contrasta con el dictamen sobre el tema expedido con premura por la academia ortodoxa pues hasta fines del siglo XX afirmaba que no existía y, de hecho, tampoco los que originaron esta música, los afroargentinos del tronco colonial. Tal disociación entre realidad y relato es explicada desde un marco teórico que permite entender al silencio como espacio de poder que dicha academia se reservó en su estudio de los grupos no-blancos preexistentes al Estado, desatendiendo el método científico en obsecuencia a proyecto de los grupos hegemónicos en el poder que bregaban por una Argentina “blanca” a espejo de las metrópolis europeas y los Estados Unidos de América.
Creación musical e identidad cultural en la Cantata Hijos de la Tierra, de Jorge Mockert
Authors: Wertheimer Guillermo
Published: August 2022

Los múltiples códigos que intervienen en una composición musical evidencian la complejidad de esta práctica cultural única por su capacidad simbólica de crear tramas argumentales que proveen elementos para la construcción de identidades. El compositor paranaense Jorge Mockert ha manifestado a lo largo de su extensa trayectoria un sentido de pertenencia, ese “decir desde un lugar” que se refleja en su obra. La Cantata Hijos de la Tierra constituye un caso de estudio pertinente para analizar los recursos creativos que desde la composición musical son utilizados para vincular la música con los textos y poemas de Gabriel Moguilner, representando una experiencia estética identitaria.
Aproximación a la ópera Vendetta de Arturo Berutti
Authors: Gericó Yanet Hebe
Published: August 2022

Vendetta (1892) fue la primera ópera escrita por el compositor sanjuanino Arturo Berutti (1858-1938). Este trabajo presenta un acercamiento al contexto histórico-cultural y estético de producción, circulación y recepción de la ópera a través del análisis de información hemerográfica. También realiza una descripción de los rasgos musicales de las dos últimas escenas para lograr una aproximación al lenguaje musical empleado por Berutti en relación con las tendencias predominantes en Italia a fines del s. XIX. De esta manera, se pretende contribuir al conocimiento y puesta en valor de obras musicales fundamentales de la música argentina.
UPAYA PENALARAN ISLAM : TELAAH GAGASAN ISLAMISASI ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN ISLAM SEBAGAI ILMU
Authors: Ulum Fachrurizal Bachrul Ulum
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Efforts to secularize knowledge by the West aroused intellectual fervor among Muslims. Muslims feel aggrieved by the ideology promoted by the West. In their efforts to counteract the secularization of knowledge, Muslims try to make Islam a scientific paradigm. So the idea of Islamization of science and Islam as a science was raised by Muslim scholars. The two ideas have different concepts. The Islamization of science seeks to dig from context to text, while Islam as a science departs from text to context. Despite their different methods, the two of them are an attempt to Islamic reasoning.Abstrak: Upaya sekularisasi ilmu pengetahuan oleh Barat membangkitkan semangat intelektual di kalangan umat Islam. Umat Islam merasa dirugikan dengan ideologi yang diusung oleh Barat. Dalam usahanya menangkal sekularisasi ilmu pengetahuan, umat Islam berusaha menjadikan Islam sebagai paradigma ilmiah. Maka gagasan Islamisasi sains dan Islam sebagai sains dimunculkan oleh para sarjana Muslim. Kedua gagasan tersebut memiliki konsep yang berbeda. Islamisasi ilmu berusaha menggali dari konteks ke teks, sedangkan Islam sebagai ilmu berangkat dari teks ke konteks. Meskipun metode mereka berbeda, keduanya merupakan upaya penalaran Islam.
Etado actual de la formación inicial docente en educación primaria: Un acercamiento al caso mexicano
Authors: Cuevas-Cajiga Yazmín , Moreno-Olivos Tiburcio
Published: August 2022

En México, la formación inicial docente es una preocupación de diferentes sectores de la sociedad y un asunto central de las políticas educativas; sin embargo, el debate se ha concentrado en la vigencia de las escuelas normales (principales responsables de esta preparación), así como en la reforma de sus planes y programas de estudio. Ante este panorama, surgió el interés por desarrollar una investigación documental con el propósito de comprender el estado actual de la formación inicial docente en educación primaria de este país a través de la revisión de la literatura internacional y nacional. Los resultados se organizaron en cinco dimensiones analíticas: profesional, política educativa, institución y tradiciones formativas, curricular y sujetos.  Con la discusión de estas se constata que, el diseño de políticas educativas y modificaciones curriculares de formación inicial docente para la educación primaria mexicana requiere de diagnósticos y discusiones en torno al estatus de la profesión de maestro, el tipo de instituciones que la ofrecen y las tradiciones pedagógicas que prevalecen, las recomendaciones internacionales que imperan, el cuerpo de profesores responsables de la formación y los estudiantes que eligen la docencia como camino profesional, entre otras, con el objetivo de elaborar acciones fundamentadas en todos los componentes y sujetos que la circundan.
Archivní vzdělávání v Československu 1918–1938: sudetoněmecké souvislosti
Authors: Velička Tomáš
Published: August 2022

This article is a contribution to a better understanding of the role of Sudeten German academic circles to archival education in the Czechoslovak First Republic (1918–1938). It is divided in three parts. The first is dedicated to efforts to establish separate courses in archival science at the German University in Prague, which were intended to function as a counterpart of the Czech Archival School. The second part presents steps taken by the Faculty of Philosophy of the German University whose aim was to introduce at least some subjects that could be used in the education of archivists. The last part then investigates efforts to transfer archival knowledge and skills into the Czech–German border areas using short-term courses in archival science.
Marie Jílková (ed.), Nejisté dny sametové revoluce: stávkové deníky pardubických vysokoškoláků 17. 11. 1989–5. 1. 1990
Authors: Továrek Michal
Published: August 2022

Book review on Marie Jílková (ed.), Nejisté dny sametové revoluce: stávkové deníky pardubických vysokoškoláků 17. 11. 1989–5. 1. 1990. Univerzita Pardubice, Pardubice 2019, 155 s., ISBN 978-80-7560-239-8.
Las películas de la Revolución Mexicana en el mundo de la posguerra (1950-1973). Una propuesta metodológica
Authors: Hausberger Bernd
Published: August 2022

The article offers a hypothesis about the political impact of western movies situated in revolutionary Mexico during the 1960s. Based on the data from projections of 59 movies (regardless of their origin) in Rome from 1950 to 1973, due to the genre’s popularity in Italy, and their comparison to other accessible data from the international press, the article concludes that the revolutionary westerns had an important political impact in Italy, where a significant number of them had been produced, whereas elsewhere in Europe, and especially in the US, their political impact was rather limited or hard to identify. The reason seems to be the peculiar features of Italian social and cultural reality (political violence, strong communist party, or the southern question).
Alice Flemrová y Šárka Grauová, Zrcadla a masky
Authors: Brenišínová Monika
Published: August 2022

Book review: Alice Flemrová y Šárka Grauová (eds.), Zrcadla a masky. Zamyšlení nad kulturní identitou v esejích z periferií i z center [Espejos y máscaras. Reflexiones sobre la identidad cultural en ensayos desde la periferia y desde los centros], Praga: Editorial de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad Carolina, 2018, 202 págs. ISBN 978-80-7308-873-6.