bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH METODE PEMBELAJARAN CERAMAH BERMEDIA AUDIOVISUAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI
Authors: Jempau Flavianus , Anas Muhammad , Liana Alin
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar biologi konsep sistem saraf melalui metode pembelajaran ceramah dengan menggunakan media audiovisual pada siswa kelas XI SMA Jayanegara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Data diperoleh melalui lembar observasi aktivitas belajar dan tes hasil belajar. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis stastistik deskritif, sedangkan data hasil observasi akan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran ceramah dengan menggunakan media audiovisual memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus. Pada siklus I nilai ketuntasan siswa rata-rata 30,89% meningkat pada siklus II dengan rata-rata 88,23%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode ceramah dengan menggunakan media audiovisual berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa.Kata kunci: Hasil belajar, Metode ceramah, Media audiovisual.
Kajian Terhadap Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Berdasarkan Pada Pasal 1365 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata
Authors: Waluyo Bing
Published: February 2023

The unlawful act regulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code (KUH Perdata) is a source of engagement born of law, because of human actions that are against the law. This is because the result of an unlawful act will lead to an engagement, namely the perpetrator has an obligation to compensate the victim and the victim has the right to obtain compensation due to the unlawful act of the perpetrator. Article 1365 of the Civil Code does not provide a formulation or definition of what exactly is meant by an unlawful act, but only regulates how a person who suffers a loss due to an unlawful act committed by another person can successfully file a claim for compensation to the district court. Because Article 1365 of the Civil Code does not provide a formulation of what is meant by unlawful acts, this gives rise to interpretations made by experts and courts. From Article 1365 of the Civil Code, we can see the elements or conditions that must be met by a person to be said to have committed an unlawful act, and therefore compensation can be demanded based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code.

Keywords: Study, Acts, Against the Law, Civil Code.

Abstrak. Perbuatan melawan hukum yang diatur dalam Pasal 1365 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Perdata) merupakan sumber perikatan yang lahir dari undang-undang, karena perbuatan manusia yang melawan hukum. Hal ini karena akibat dari adanya perbuatan melawan hukum akan menimbulkan perikatan, yaitu bagi pelaku mempunyai kewajiban untuk mengganti kerugian kepada si korban dan si korban mempunyai hak untuk mendapatkan ganti kerugian akibat adanya perbuatan melawan hukum dari si pelaku. Dalam Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata tidak memberikan perumusan atau definisi tentang apa sebenarnya yang dimaksud dengan perbuatan melawan hukum, tetapi hanya mengatur bagaimana seseorang yang mengalami kerugian karena perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan orang lain terhadap dirinya, dapat mengajukan tuntutan ganti kerugian dengan sukses kepada pengadilan negeri. Oleh karena Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata tidak memberikan perumusan mengenai apa yang dimaksud dengan perbuatan melawan hukum, maka hal ini menimbulkan adanya penafsiran yang dilakukan oleh para ahli dan pengadilan. Dari Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata, kita dapat melihat unsur-unsur atau syarat-syarat yang harus dipenuhi seseorang untuk dapat dikatakan telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum, dan oleh karenanya dapat dituntut ganti kerugian berdasarkan pada Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata tersebut.

Kata Kunci : Kajian, Perbuatan, Melawan Hukum, KUH Perdata.
Upaya Perlindungan Lingkungan Sebagai Bagian dari Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif
Authors: Suryati Suryati , Anindito Teguh , Wiyono Wiwin Muchtar , Nasution Nurlaeli Sukesti ariani
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The issue to be discussed is environmental protection efforts as part of the protection of human rights in Indonesian positive law. This writing uses normative research methods. The results of the analysis show that there are several government programs to protect the environment in Indonesia, for example, the National Action Plan for Human Rights, and the planting of a million trees. Legal instruments on environmental protection as part of the protection of Human Rights, which are based on national law as contained in the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 32/2009, and Law No. 39/1999. Then based on international law, it is stated in Principle 1 of the Declaration. Stockholm 1972, and its Preamble. However, there is still a lot of damage or environmental problems caused by humans. Realizing how important the environment is as part of human rights, the community should be more concerned about protecting and respecting the environment for the sake of survival. In order to minimize environmental problems, in addition to the existing regulations, stricter supervision and enforcement are also needed. Environmental protection in Indonesia needs to be further improved so that the continuity of life is more guaranteed, because the right to a good environment is the right of every human being.

Keyword : Protection Efforts, Environment, Human Rights, Positive Law

Masalah yang akan dibahas adalah upaya perlindungan lingkungan hidup sebagai bagian dari perlindungan hak asasi manusia dalam hukum positif Indonesia. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa program pemerintah untuk menjaga lingkungan di Indonesia, misalnya Rencana Aksi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia, dan penanaman sejuta pohon. Perangkat hukum perlindungan lingkungan hidup sebagai bagian dari perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia, yang didasarkan pada hukum nasional sebagaimana tercantum dalam UUD 1945, UU No. 32/2009, dan UU No. 39/1999. Kemudian berdasarkan hukum internasional, dinyatakan dalam Prinsip 1 Deklarasi. Stockholm 1972, dan Pembukaannya. Namun, masih banyak kerusakan atau masalah lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh manusia. Menyadari betapa pentingnya lingkungan sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia, masyarakat harus lebih peduli untuk melindungi dan menghormati lingkungan demi kelangsungan hidup. Untuk meminimalisir permasalahan lingkungan, selain regulasi yang ada, pengawasan dan penegakan hukum yang lebih ketat juga diperlukan. Perlindungan lingkungan di Indonesia perlu lebih ditingkatkan lagi agar kelangsungan hidup lebih terjamin, karena hak atas lingkungan hidup yang baik adalah hak setiap manusia.

Kata Kunci : Upaya Perlindungan, Lingkungan Hidup, Hak Asasi Manusia, Hukum Positif
Kajian Terhadap Perikatan Alamiah Menurut Kitab Undang–Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Perdata)
Authors: Waluyo Bing
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The source of the engagement as regulated in Article 1233 of the Civil Code, can occur due to two things, namely an engagement born of an agreement and an engagement born of law. Engagements born from laws consist of engagements born from laws only and those born from laws due to human actions which can be distinguished into human actions that are in accordance with the law (rechtmatige) and those that are against the law (onrechtmatige). Engagements born from the law due to human actions in accordance with the law, one of which is contained in Article 1359 of the Civil Code, which consists of two paragraphs, namely paragraph 1 which regulates the right to claim back payments that are not owed, and paragraph 2 regulates if a person legally voluntarily fulfill the obligations of the natural engagement, then the payment is not a payment that is not owed, it can be concluded from the contents of the article, namely that the payment made by the debtor cannot be requested back. Furthermore, regarding how and what is meant by natural engagement, the Civil Code does not explain in detail, on this basis it encourages the author to write a study on natural engagement according to the Civil Code (KUH Perdata). The approach method in this paper is normative juridical, while the specifications in this paper are descriptive analytical.

Keywords: Study, Engagement, Natural Engagement, Civil Code.

Sumber perikatan yang diatur dalam Pasal 1233 KUH Perdata, dapat terjadi karena dua hal, yaitu perikatan yang dilahirkan dari suatu perjanjian dan perikatan yang dilahirkan karena undang-undang. Perikatan yang lahir dari undang-undang terdiri dari perikatan-perikatan yang lahir dari undang-undang saja dan yang lahir dari undang-undang karena perbuatan manusia yang dapat dibedakan menjadi perbuatan manusia yang sesuai dengan hukum (rechtmatige) dan yang bersifat melawan hukum (onrechtmatige). Perikatan yang lahir dari undang-undang karena perbuatan manusia yang sesuai dengan hukum, salah satunya terdapat dalam Pasal 1359 KUH Perdata, yang terdiri dari dua ayat yaitu ayat 1 mengatur hak untuk menuntut kembali pembayaran yang tidak terhutang, dan ayat 2 nya mengatur apabila seseorang secara sukarela memenuhi kewajiban perikatan alamiah, maka pembayaran itu bukan merupakan pembayaran yang tak terhutang, hal ini dapat disimpulkan dari isi pasal tersebut yaitu bahwa pembayaran yang telah dilakukan oleh debitur tidak dapat diminta kembali. Selanjutnya tentang bagaimana dan apa yang dimaksud dengan perikatan alamiah, KUH Perdata tidak menjelaskan secara rinci, atas dasar inilah mendorong penulis untuk menulis kajian terhadap perikatan alamiah menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Perdata). Adapun metode pendekatan dalam penulisan ini adalah yuridis normatif, sedang spesifikasi dalam penulisan ini adalah deskriptif analistis.

Kata Kunci : Kajian, Perikatan, Perikatan Alamiah, KUH Perdata
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives.
Authors: Luarte Thais , Gómez-Aburto Victoria Antonieta , Poblete-Castro Ignacio , Castro-Nallar Eduardo , Hunneus Nicolás , Molina-Montenegro Marco , Egas Claudia , Azcune Germán , Pérez-Parada Andrés , Lohmann Rainier , Bohlin-Nizzetto Pernilla , Dachs Jordi , Bengtson-Nash Susan , Chiang Gustavo , Pozo Karla , Galbán-Malagón Cristóbal
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are synthetic compounds that were intentionally produced in large quantities and have been distributed in the global environment, originating a threat due to their persistence, bioaccumulative potential and toxicity. POPs reach the Antarctic continent through long-range atmospheric transport. In these areas low temperatures play a significant role in the environmental fate of POPs, retaining them for a long-time due to cold trapping by diffusion and wet deposition, acting as net sink for many POPs. However, in the current context of climate change, remobilization of POPs trapped for decades in water, ice, and soil, is happening. Therefore, continuous monitoring of POPs in polar air is necessary to assess whether there is a recent re-release of historical pollutants back to the environment. We reviewed the scientific literature on atmospheric levels of several POPs families (polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs, hexachlorobenzene HCB, hexachlorocyclohexanes HCHs, and DDT) from 1988 to 2021. We estimated the atmospheric half-life using characteristic decreasing times (TD). We observed that HCB levels in the Antarctic atmosphere were higher than the other target OCs, but HCB also displayed higher fluctuations and did not show a significant decrease over time. Conversely, the atmospheric levels of HCHs, and some,DDTs, and PCBs have decreased significantly. The estimated atmospheric half-lives for POPs decreased in the following order: 4,4’ DDE (13.5 years) > 4,4’ DDD (12.8 years) > 4,4’ DDT (7.4 years) > 2,4’ DDE (6.4 years) > 2,4’ DDT (6.3 years) > α-HCH (6 years) > HCB (6 years) > γ-HCH (4.2 years), while for PCB congeners they decreased in the following order: PCB 153 (7.6 years) > PCB 138 (6.5 years) > PCB 101 (4.7 years) > PCB 180 (4.6 years) > PCB 28 (4 years) > PCB 52 (3.7 years) > PCB 118 (3.6 years). For HCH isomers and PCBs, the Stockholm Convention ban on POPs did have an impact on decreasing their levels during the last decades. Nevertheless, their ubiquity in the Antarctic atmosphere shows the problematic issues related to highly persistent synthetic chemicals.
High-resolution digital elevation models and orthomosaics generated from historical aerial photographs (since the 1960s) of the Bale Mountains in Ethiopia
Authors: Muhammed Mohammed Ahmed , Hailu Binyam Tesfaw , Miehe Georg , Nauss Thomas , Zeuss Dirk
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The natural resources of Ethiopian high-altitude ecosystems are commonly perceived as increasingly threatened by devastating land-use practices owing to decreasing lowland resources. Quantified time-series data of the course of land-use cover changes are still needed. Very high-resolution digital data on the historical landscape over the recent decades are needed for determining the impacts of changes in afro-alpine ecosystems. However, digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthomosaics do not exist for most afro-alpine ecosystems of Africa. We processed the only available and oldest historical aerial photographs for Ethiopia and, to the best of our knowledge, for any afro-alpine ecosystem. Here, we provide both DEM and orthomosaic images for the years 1967 and 1984 for the Bale Mountains in Ethiopia, which comprise the largest afro-alpine ecosystem in Africa. We used 298 historical aerial photographs captured in 1967 and 1984 for generating DEMs and orthomosaics with Structure from Motion Multi View Stereo Photogrammetry along an elevation gradient from 977 to 4377 m above sea level (asl) at spatial resolutions of 0.84 m and 0.98 m for the years 1967 and 1984, respectively. Our datasets can be used by researchers and policymakers for (1) watershed management, as the area provides water for more than 30 million people; (2) landscape management; (3) detailed mapping and analysis of geological and archaeological features, as well as natural resources; (4) analyses of geomorphological processes; and (5) biodiversity research.
Potential impacts of chemical weathering on feldspar luminescence dating properties
Authors: Bartz Melanie , Peña Jasquelin , Grand Stéphanie , King Georgina E.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Chemical weathering alters the chemical composition of
mineral grains. As a result, trapped-charge dating signals of primary
silicates may be progressively modified. In this study, we treated three
feldspar specimens to understand the effect of proton- and ligand-promoted
dissolution on their luminescence properties. We conducted kinetic
experiments over 720 h using two solutions: (1) oxalic acid (pH 3,
20 ∘C), an organic acid with chelating abilities, and (2) aqua regia (pH < 1, 40 ∘C), a mixture of strong acids creating
aggressive acid hydrolysis conditions. These two solutions were chosen to
provoke, on laboratory timescales, some of the changes that may occur on geological timescales as minerals weather in nature. The effect of the extracting solutions on mineral dissolution was
investigated by monitoring the concentration of dissolved elements, while
changes in feldspar surface morphology were assessed by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM). Subsequent changes in feldspar luminescence in the near-UV (∼ 340 nm) and blue (∼ 410 nm) thermoluminescence (TL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) emission bands were assessed at the multi- and/or single-grain levels to gain insight
into the emission spectra, dose response, saturation, and anomalous fading
characteristics of the feldspars. In all experiments, only minor feldspar
dissolution was observed after 720 h. In general, aqua regia, the more
chemically aggressive solution, had a larger effect on feldspar dissolution
compared to that of oxalic acid. Additionally, our results showed that
although the TL and IRSL intensities changed slightly with increasing
artificial weathering time, the feldspar luminescence properties were
otherwise unmodified. This suggests that chemical alteration of feldspar
surfaces may not affect luminescence dating signals obtained from natural
samples.
Data-driven estimates for the geostatistical characterization of subsurface hydraulic properties
Authors: Heße Falk , Müller Sebastian , Attinger Sabine
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The geostatistical characterization of the subsurface is confronted with the double challenge of large uncertainties and high exploration costs. Making use of all available data sources is consequently very important. Bayesian inference is able to mitigate uncertainties in such a data scarce context by drawing on available background information in form of a prior distribution. To make such a prior distribution transparent and objective, it should be calibrated against a data set containing estimates of the target variable from available sites. In this study, we provide a collection of covariance/variogram functions of the subsurface hydraulic parameters from a large number of sites. We analyze this data set by fitting a number of widely used variogram model functions and show how they can be used to derive prior distributions of the parameters of said functions. In addition, we discuss a number of conclusions that can be drawn for our analysis and possible uses for the data set.
Vortex streets to the lee of Madeira in a kilometre-resolution regional climate model
Authors: Gao Qinggang , Zeman Christian , Vergara-Temprado Jesus , Lima Daniela C. A. , Molnar Peter , Schär Christoph
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric vortex streets are a widely studied dynamical effect of isolated mountainous islands. Observational evidence comes from case studies and satellite imagery, but the climatology and annual cycle of vortex shedding are often poorly understood. Using the non-hydrostatic limited-area COSMO model driven by the ERA-Interim reanalysis, we conducted a 10-year-long simulation over a mesoscale domain covering the Madeira and Canary archipelagos at high spatial (grid spacing of 1 km) and temporal resolutions. Basic properties of vortex streets were analysed and validated through a 6 d long case study in the lee of Madeira Island. The simulation compares well with satellite and aerial observations and with existing literature on idealised simulations. Our results show a strong dependency of vortex shedding on local and synoptic-flow conditions, which are to a large extent governed by the location, shape and strength of the Azores high. As part of the case study, we developed a vortex identification algorithm. The algorithm is based on a set of criteria and enabled us to develop a climatology of vortex shedding from Madeira Island for the 10-year simulation period. The analysis shows a pronounced annual cycle with an increasing vortex-shedding rate from April to August and a sudden decrease in September. This cycle is consistent with mesoscale wind conditions and local inversion height patterns.
Criminal policy in the face of hate speech on Facebook “Analytical study in the light of Palestinian legislation”
Authors:   College of Law, Alistiqlal University, Palestine, shtayah mohammad
Published: February 2023

The overall objective of this research is to clarify the difference between two overlapping: hate speech and freedom of opinion and expression, to learn why such speech is widespread in Palestinian society, to highlight the Palestinian legislator’s criminal policy in the face of the dissemination and promotion of hate speech via Facebook, and to access a policy paper addressing hate speech through legislative outlets. The problem with research is how to balance freedom of opinion and expression and criminalize hate speech via Facebook. The researcher followed the analytical descriptive approach, divided the research into two main demands, and reached a number of findings: freedom of opinion and expression mixed with the dissemination and promotion of hate speech. The term hate speech was loosely mentioned in Palestinian legislation. Spreading and promoting hate speech is one of the challenges facing Palestinian society. Palestinian legislation is free from the boundaries between freedom of expression and hate speech. The offence of disseminating and promoting hate speech is a misdemeanor for which penalties and precautionary measures are prescribed by law. The attempt to commit an offence of dissemination and promotion of hate speech shall be punishable by half the penalty prescribed for the total offence. The responsibility for countering the dissemination and promotion of hate speech is a collective responsibility of all components of Palestinian society. The recommendations call on the Palestinian legislature to clarify the terms set out in article 24 of Decree-Law No. 10 of 2018, thereby contributing to the realization of the principle of the legality of the crime and punishment. To call upon the Palestinian legislature to consider concrete and detrimental results from the dissemination and promotion of hate speech as an aggravating circumstance, so that it becomes a crime punishable by temporary hard labour. The Palestinian legislator’s call for equal punishment between attempted and total crime in the crime of disseminating and promoting hate speech, given the seriousness of this crime, and the equal criminal will to attempt and commit total crime. Call on the Palestinian legislature to establish a national observatory to monitor and prevent hate speech.
University Students Recording Lectures Between Permissible and Forbidden.
Authors:   College of Law An-Najah National University, Palestine, Hassan Hassan Amjad , Bzoor Omar ,   College of Law An-Najah National University, Palestine
Published: February 2023

The teacher’s lectures are the result of his many years of knowledge and the fruit of his labor, and they serve as an instrument to improve the level of his students to the highest levels. However, some students may record the lecture without the teacher’s knowledge and load it onto their own devices, making the teacher feel like his efforts are in vain. It is necessary to pause lawfully and demonstrate the legitimacy of such an act in order to build the argument against anyone who claims ignorance or doubts the legality of this behavior. The teacher has a moral right to his lectures, which forbids anybody from utilizing them until he decides they are appropriate for publication and dissemination, as well as a material right to them because lectures are considered creative works and are protected by copyright. Aside from the issue about who owns the lectures between the teacher and the university, a student may not record the lectures without the permission of the teacher or university. The laws’ restrictions and exceptions will not assist the student in determining the legality of his or her behavior because all restrictions are governed by criteria that do not apply in the student’s instance and do not provide legal protection. Even if a student manages to discuss about the legality of his work while adhering to the rules and exceptions, an attack on private life would be viewed as an attack on a teacher’s right.
BANKING SYSTEM FRAGILITY IN NIGERIA: HANGING ON THE PRECIPICE?
Authors:   Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria, Akinyemi Kayode Peter , Ololade Oluwole Foluso ,   Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

The health of a country’s banking system is a key determinant to the development of the country. A fragile banking system portends danger not only to the financial system but the entire economy. This study investigates the state of the Nigerian banking system in terms of stability or fragility from 1981 to 2020. We used the banking system fragility index (BSFI) proposed by Kibritçioğlu (2003) to analyze Nigerian banking industry aggregate data from three risk areas: credit, market and liquidity. We estimated that out of the 40 years examined, the banking system was fragile for 23 years given their BSFI less than 0 while it was not fragile for 17 years with BSFI = 0 or greater. We found that most of the years when the Nigerian banking system was fragile were periods of relaxed monetary policies, deregulation and credit expansion. Secondly, the years of banking system stability were when the county’s banking system was subjected to stiff regulation and consolidation. Given the number of years that the system was fragile, we observed that sustained economic growth and development requires that the banking system remain strong as long as possible, and that the Nigerian situation could not promote this important objective. We recommend that the financial regulatory authorities put in place more stringent policies as banks are more fragile during the deregulation of the banking industry.
Internationally Accepted Risk Management Strategies: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Saad Al-Abdullah Academy for Security Sciences, Kuwait, Alshebli Abdullah , Alhajri Thafar ,   Saad Al-Abdullah Academy for Security Sciences, Kuwait
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The topic of risk management is multi-faceted, related to, inter alia, accounting, legal, administrative, management, and other aspects of business. This study aims to investigate the legal aspects of risk management and the various laws related to it. It aims to provide a clear understanding of the need for and benefits of risk management, to set out the international best practices of risk management. In addition, it offers certain recommendations for the development of legislation ofrisk management systems for listed companies.
Algorithmic study of the algebraic parameter estimation problem for a class of perturbations
Authors: Chartouny Maya , Cluzeau Thomas , Quadrat Alban
Published: February 2023

We consider the algebraic parameter estimation problem for a class of standard perturbations. We assume that the measurement z(t) of a solution x(t) of a linear ordinary differential equation -- whose coefficients depend on a set θ := {θ₁, ..., θᵣ} of unknown constant parameters -- is affected by a perturbation γ(t) whose structure is supposed to be known (e.g., an unknown bias, an unknown ramp), i.e., z(t)=x(t, θ)+γ(t). We investigate the problem of obtaining closed-form expressions for the parameters θᵢ's in terms of iterative indefinite integrals or convolutions of z. The different results are illustrated by explicit examples computed using the NonA package -- developed in Maple -- in which we have implemented our main contributions.
Devilish Tricks for Sequence Acceleration
Authors: Corless Robert
Published: February 2023

The two most famous quotes about divergent series are Abel's "Divergent series are the invention of the devil, and it is shameful to base on them any demonstration whatsoever," and Heaviside's "This series is divergent, therefore we may be able to do something with it." Today a lot more is known about divergent series than in either's day, so we can say now that, on balance, Heaviside wins, and we now have plenty of license to use divergent series. This article talks about some "well-known" methods (that is, well-known to experts) to do so, and in particular talks about some of the devilishly good features of evalf/Sum, long one of my favourite tools in Maple. But Abel had a point, too, and we'll see some "shameful" things, which will give the reader some necessary caution to go along with their license.
Formulation of Topical Itraconazole Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (Nlc) Gel for Onychomycosis
Authors: Kukreja Taranjeet , Saraf Swarnlata
Published: February 2023

Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal agent that is synthesised. Itraconazole has been manufactured into a variety of pharmacological formulations and administered by a variety of ways. Itraconazole pills are used to treat pulmonary fungal infections that can spread throughout the body. Because Itraconazole is not yet officially listed in any pharmacopoeia, only a few procedures for quality control and stability testing in pharmaceutical formulations have been published. The development of itraconazole-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (ITZ-NLC). Itraconazole NLC have been successfully developed. Itraconazole topical NLC developed for the treatment of onychomycosis does not exist, according to my survey.The development and evaluation of stable itraconazole topical gel formulations proved successful. Itraconazole NLC was produced utilising the microemulsion method, indicating the viability of adopting this method as a continuous manufacturing tool for NLC formulation. Further, the ITZ- NLC was incorporated in the gelling agent and we evaluated it under specific parameters.
Cosmetic Testing Equipment: Device and Types of Equipment for Dermatological Evaluation for Women’s Skin
Authors: Saloki Arushi , Kukreja Taranjeet , Gaikwad Sarita , Kumar Arvind , Parker Ayush , Dowand Bhavana , Sahu Chetna , Mali Damini , Saraf Swarnlata
Published: February 2023

There are many different equipment and techniques for an aesthetic skin evaluation, efficacy testing, claim support, and objective measurements of women’s skin parameters for all applications. Women have softer skin than men. Nothing commercially available in terms of moisture, oiliness, color, texture, etc existed over 20 years ago. Fortunately, several cost-effective ways are available to quantify these characteristics and compare them before and after a treatment or application. Before distributing the finished product to outside testing facilities for the final validation, the cosmetic business conducts these tests at different stages of product development to determine the product’s direction. In this review, we have summarized the C+K devices that are acknowledged as industry-standard tools for assessing efficacy in the fields of cosmetics and the types of equipment used for the cosmetic evaluation of the skin.
Palynostratigraphy and geological setting of the Lower Paleozoic allochthon of the Dervent Heights, SE Bulgaria
Authors: Lakova Iskra , Gočev Petar , Yanev Slavcho
Published: February 2023

This paper represents the results of regional-geological, palynological and lithological investigations conducted in an area with complicated technical pattern in the Dervent Heighs, SE Bulgaria Two low-grade metamorphic series have been studied. The first one, the Series of black argillites, slates and quartzites, represents the lower part of the Straža nappe allochthon. Marine microplankton has been found in this series The acritarch species Deunffia brevispinosa, Deunffia monospinosa, Domasia amphora and Estiastra barbata suggest a Llandovery/Wenlock age. The second one, the Flysch-like grey-green metasedimentary series, is a knippe of the higher, Vâlča poljana nappe. Palinological assemblage recorded in it is dominated by spore-like fossils but acritarchs also occur. The age of the assemblage is Late Ordovician to Llandovery The palynomorphs (acritarchs, spore like fossils and some chitinozoans) have been systematically described.
Tenis Metrics
Authors: Albamonte Marcelo
Published: February 2023

“Tennis Metrics” es un sistema que utiliza el video para analizar y recoger datos de los jugadores, la cancha y la relación entre ambos. El sistema recoge y envía automáticamente 24 datos por segundo incluyendo ángulos de los golpes, distancia recorrida y velocidad de desplazamiento, entre otros. El presente artículo presenta y describe a los lectores este sistema que tiene un gran potencial para aplicarse a innumerables tipos de análisis relacionados con el tenis.
Money laundering conviction rate and capital formation in Nigeria
Authors: Opudu Okubokeme Derek , Ogoun Stanley
Published: February 2023

Drawing from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF, G7) recommendations and the Nigeria Anti-Money Laundering Act that provides the penance and dissuasion for crimes in Nigeria, this study sought to interrogate the efficacy of money laundering conviction rate as an instrument of anti-money laundering policy on capital formation in Nigeria. The study is hinged on contemporary deterrence theory. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design and used quarterly data from 1Q 2010 to 4Q 2019, which was sourced from the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU), Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) and CBN statistical reports. Hence, Error Correction Model (ECM) was utilized to analyze the data. The findings indicate that the current money laundering conviction rate (MLCR) has a negative and non-significant effect on capital formation in Nigeria. Therefore, the study concludes that the current conviction rate is too weak to deter the act. Hence, it is recommended that the judicial system be rejigged with enabling legislation and autonomy to strengthen it to hasten the trial of such cases and ease conviction of culpable individuals, without necessarily putting innocent victims at jeopardy. Such autonomy should also be granted to the EFCC, ICPC, NFIU etc. and inter-agency synergy should be encouraged.
Evaluation of financial soundness of Indian auto Ancillary industries using Altman Z-rate model
Authors: Krishnamoorthy K. , Vijayapriya R.
Published: February 2023

The automobile industry is an obvious indication of a country's economic development. Because it requires high performance and quality parts, it is also an innovation and comprehension intensive sector. Because of its deep forward and backward links with many key segments of the economy, the automobile sector is also prominent in India. Because of the strong supply support provided by various auto ancillary manufacturing companies, this sector has a strong multiplier effect and has the potential to be a driver of economic growth. The auto ancillary market is focused on the production and sale of transitional equipment and automotive parts used in the manufacture of automobiles. It is an important part of India's automotive industry. Such industries allow vehicle manufacturers to concentrate on their core competencies. The auto ancillary manufacturing Industry, with its high growth prospects, is one of the emerging industries in Indian markets. The Altman Z rating is a beneficial expedient for identifying a company's economic resilience and the probability of insolvency. The Z rating method was once used in this to find out to check the economic fitness of Indian auto ancillary manufacturing companies. The economic facts of 10 auto ancillary manufacturing companies listed groups on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) have been used to study each unique and rising market Altman Z rating formulae. The findings point out that not all the enterprises listed on the NSE are financially healthy. According to the study, some of the Indian auto ancillary manufacturing companies are sound and dependable without few companies, and some of the auto ancillary manufacturing companies are not likely to face monetary misery or insolvency soon.
Spontaneous enterocutaneous fistula secondary to femoral hernia: A case report
Authors:   Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India., Anumolu Akhil Raj
Published: February 2023

Background: Femoral hernias account for 10% of all groin hernias. Females have a 4:1 incidence of abdominal hernias, while males have a 5% incidence. A spontaneous enterocutaneous fistula is rare due to a small bowel loop perforation in an incarcerated femoral hernia. Patients’ ignorance and late presentation cause these fistulas.
A hyperplastic growth of lip
Authors:   Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Singh Yadav Vikender
Published: February 2023

A 25- year-old systemically healthy female patient reported with an aesthetic complaint due to a growth in the corner of right upper lip present for 2 months. Clinical examination revealed a solitary spherical-shaped bright red fibrous overgrowth measuring 4 x 4 mm involving the mucocutaneous line of upper lip (Figure 1A & B). On palpation, it was non tender, smooth in texture, and soft in consistency. Based on the signs and symptoms, a provisional diagnosis of fibroma was made with a differential diagnosis of pyogenic granuloma.
Surgical outcome, clinical presentations and imaging characteristics of patients with sphenoid wing en-plaque meningiomas; A case series
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Hatam Jaber
Published: February 2023

Background: En plaque meningioma is a type of tumor that causes infiltrates into the bony tissue and forms a lamellar structure. The symptoms and prognosis are significantly related to the severity of bone involvement and involved areas. Given the limited information from the basic knowledge of these patients, we aimed to determine the characteristics and post-surgical outcomes of patients operated via pterional approach surgery.
A case report of hyperhomocysteinemia type II
Authors:   Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China., Xue Guofang
Published: February 2023

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been recognized as a risk factor of several chronic disease. It is noteworthy that HHcy prevalence appeared to be rising in recent years. Many patients have good curative effect after treatment, but some HHcy caused by gene mutations remains difficult to treat. Here, we present a case of hyperhomocysteinemia type II with poor effect of conventional treatment. We report it in order to provide a basis for follow-up studies.
Pyogenic granuloma of the glans penis after angioembolisation procedure
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand 249203, India., Yumnam Deepak
Published: February 2023

A 8-year-old male child was referred to the Dermatologic clinic for a protruding growth on the glans penis that had appeared and started growing rapidly over a period of past 7 days since the child underwent the angioembolisation procedure for Penile Arteriovenous (AV) malformation. There was a history of intermittent bleeding from the well-established lesion. Clinical examination revealed a single, well-defined, rounded, sessile, fleshy red, vascular, polypoidal growth of size 3.5 x 3 cm present circumferentially around the urethral opening on the glans penis (Figure 1). The patient’s clinical course and a physical examination for glans penis lesion was suggestive of a Pyogenic Granuloma (PG). Histopathological examination of the mucosal biopsy from the lesion confirmed the diagnosis showing proliferating vessels surrounded by a mixed inflammatory infiltrate comprising lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. After the confirmation of the diagnosis, the lesion was completely excised under local anaesthesia. During the postoperative follow-up, there was no recurrence six months after the surgery.
JEAN-LOUIS CARRA AND THE ROMANIANS
Authors:   “Valahia” University of Târgovişte, Faculty of Humanities, Department of History,, Oncescu Iulian , Oncescu Laura ,   „Valahia” University of Târgovişte, Faculty of Humanities, Department of History
Published: February 2023

One of the Western travellers that went through the Romanian area during the second half of the 18th century was the French Jean-Louis Carra (1742-1793). Originary of Burgundy (France), he travelled in Europe on several occasions. He reached Moldavia as well in the year 1775, when he came to serve the Reigning Prince Grigore III Ghica (whom he had met in Russia), as a teacher of his sons and as a secretary for the French correspondence. He remained here for a year (1775-1776), and during this period he seems to have travelled to Wallachia as well. In the spring of the year 1776, Carra left Moldavia heading to Poland. A year later, in 1777, there appeared in Buillon, not in Iaşi, as it is written on the title page, Histoire de la Moldavie et la Valachie (History of Moldavia and Wallachia), a work that was to be published in the same year in Paris as well and then in its second edition in Neuchatel, in the year 1781. Our paper aims to bring into focus Carra’s works together with all the controversies it triggered in the course of time in the Romanian historiography.
"THE DANUBIAN PRINCIPALITIES (1829-1835): AUTONOMY AND CONSTITUTIONAL FEATURES IN THE COMPARATIVE EUROPEAN CONTEXT "
Authors:   Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of History, Ploscaru Cristian
Published: February 2023

The main themes covered in this study concern the changes in die political and juridical status of die Dannbian Principalities (Moldavia, Wallachia and Serbia), following die Treaty of Adrianople, in the sense of defining tiieir internal autonomy, as well as die institutional transformations that followed, which shaped die modem architecture of die state, but also die means of interference and control of die protecting power, Russia. Analysed in a European constitutional context, die Organic Regiilations of die Romanian Principalities and die "constitrution" projects drafted in die Principality of Serbia tended to establish a political regime of mixed monarchy, of real modern substance, but also suitable for Russian interests in the Lower Danube region.
DISCUSS BORDERS IN AFRICA DIFFERENTLY STORIES, IMAGINATIONS AND ALTERITY IN THE BORDERLANDS BETWEEN CAMEROON AND NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of History, section of International Relations inUniversity of Douala and researcher at Street Ange Raphaël, Konefon Willy Didie Foga
Published: February 2023

Many studies have been devoted in recent years to the border studies in Africa, particularly on the issue of historical conditions for the constitution of borders; border disputes; illegal migrations; cross-border crime; cross-border cooperation; flow control; the militarization of borders; the rise of shipwrecks and sub-Saharan migrations at the gates of Europe. Admittedly, this research is interesting, but it has remained mostly limited to the geographical and material dimension of the border. A border is not only limited to a line, a barrier, a checkpoint or a political construction and the result of a balance of power that was resolved in a negotiated or conflictual manner. Beyond it’s socio-cultural, political and economic animation by human groups, it is also important to note that the influences of political events, the nature of interstate relations affect the imaginations of these populations settled in the borderlands in relation to the border. Based on an ethnographic approach carried out from the 2010 s until July 2018 and the collection of primary and secondary data in some cross-border areas between Cameroon and Nigeria, it is a question in this analytical framework of scrutinizing the mental geography of these human societies before colonization relative to the border, then to show how the "clash of civilizations" with the colonial order upset the African borders providing a vision of the world. From another perspective, there is a heuristic interest that is raised in this discussion, that of discussing how the mental images of the local populations settled in these borderlands have acted, interacted and varied in relation to these geopolitical spaces marked essentially by globalization and its consequences. geopolitical and geostrategic changes.
HISTORY OF FEMINIST THOUGHT: THE BIRTH AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE MOVEMENT
Authors:   Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain, Armentia Pilar Giménez
Published: February 2023

Any cause which challenges the established order faces an uphill battle and history has demonstrated that it is a long road to success, particularly if the goal is nothing less than equality among human beings. This paper offers an overview of the first steps of the modern feminist movement and its eventual successes, tracing the history of feminism from its initial unity to later atomisation due to the conflicting liberal, socialist and communist ideologies that swept Europe and America throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. The movement, in the modern sense of the term, began in 1789. By the 20th century, the feminist cause had achieved notable successes thanks to its ability to unite countless individuals, while overcoming ideological divisions, to achieve a single objective: women’s right to vote. Subsequently, within the new international order arising out of the Second World War, these latent divisions played out on the international stage. However, gender equality and the rights of women has now become a central issue in international debate.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF DENTAL IMPLANTS
Authors:   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ionescu Mihaela , Glodeanu Adina Dorina ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Faculty of Medicine, Popescu Sanda Mihaela ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Marinescu Iulia Roxana ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ionescu Alin Gabriel ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical History, Mercut Veronica ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Faculty of Dental Medicine
Published: February 2023

Teeth replacement through dental implants represents one of the oldest practices in the entire history of dentistry, being supported by archaeological findings and dedicated chapters in old medical textbooks. Ancient civilizations like Mayans, Egyptians, Phoenicians, or Chinese used amazing methods of implantology, and interesting materials like shells, bamboo, porcelain, iridioplatinum, or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, connected using ligature wires made of gold, silver, linen or silk, or even real teeth, of human or animal origin. Over the time, dental implantology has evolved from rudimentary attempts to replace missing teeth, to experimental treatments with various materials, until reaching the point where implant-supported prostheses represent a highly predictable rehabilitation option. This historical perspective starts from ancient civilizations and emphasizes the main findings in every important phase of evolution of dental implants, providing a tour of the materials that were used, the main contributors and experiments that defined the science of implantology through time.
Vulnerabilidad al cambio climático del tipo forestal Roble-Raulí-Coihue. Región de Ñuble
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Bahamóndez V. Carlos , Büchner Carlos , Müller-Using Sabine , Rojas Ponce Yasna , Schlegel Heldt Bastienne , Vergara Asenjo Gerardo
Published: February 2023

El propósito de este informe es describir la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático por parte de las formaciones forestales del tipo forestal Roble-Raulí-Coihue de la región del Ñuble. Sus resultados obedecen a un proceso de colección de todos los antecedentes de datos e información pertinentes que caractericen los escenarios climáticos futuros para esta región y por medio de la identificación de esquemas silvícolas apropiados para la región, calcular los valores de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático por parte de los bosques de Roble-Raulí-Coihue en esta región.
Guía para la restauración de renovales siempreverdes de canelo en Chiloé
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Schlegel Heldt Bastienne , Galindo Castillo Nicole , Bannister Jan
Published: February 2023

Con la finalidad de contribuir a la recuperación de los renovales de canelo, y aumentar su valor para proveer bienes y servicios (ej. madera, belleza escénica, agua, etc.), entre los años 2015 y 2020 se desarrolló el proyecto “Diversificación de renovales de canelo con pérdida de estructura para el desarrollo hacia bosques mixtos siempreverdes de valor melífero y maderero”, financiado por el fondo de Investigación de la Ley del Bosque nativo que administra la Corporación Nacional Forestal. El principal objetivo del proyecto fue generar los antecedentes técnicos para establecer plantaciones suplementarias con especies de alto valor melífero y maderero. Específicamente se propuso evaluar el desempeño de plantas de las especies ulmo (Eucryphia cordifolia) y avellano (Gevuina avellana) bajo distintos tratamientos. Esta guía contiene los principales resultados asociados al desempeño inicial de la plantación suplementaria, aportando antecedentes técnicos que sirvan a profesionales y técnicos para iniciar acciones de restauración en renovales afectados por procesos de degradación.