bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public perception and barriers to compulsory childhood vaccination in the western region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdulaziz Gehan , Alkhaldi Lama , Alsharif Nejoud , Alshreef Maha , Alkhaldi Asalah , Alotaibi Waad , Elnashar Manal
Published: November 2022

Background: The immunization rate is one of the best public health outcomes; parental immunization decision is essential to improve the speed of immunization. This study aims to identify and analyze the perception of married couples about the importance of vaccination and the source of information about vaccines by assessing the barriers and obstacles that prevent children from receiving the vaccines.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on married couples in the Western region, Saudi Arabia, conducted from 22 October 2020 to 22 April 2021. A simple randomized sampling of 1,500 participants through an online electronic survey was performed. The following data were obtained: demographic (age, gender, residency, etc.), child vaccination status and barriers, perception and acceptance of vaccination, and source of information.
Results: It was reported by 80.5% of the participants that their child received the compulsory vaccination up to their age, whereas 3.9% (n = 16) participants have not received any vaccine. Participants who have more than two or more children at home have received all vaccines up to their children's age (81.24%) compared to those who have only one child (79%). When we assessed the reasons behind missing the compulsory vaccines, it has found that the most common single reason was long waiting time (16.25%) followed by forgetting the day of immunization.
Conclusion: Depending on the data, the system needs to improve to decrease the waiting time and remind the parents about vaccination day. Also, educating parents with one child about compulsory vaccination is essential.
Form – Meaning – Usage Synergy in LSP & Professional Communication
Authors: Isaeva Ekaterina , Manzhula Oksana , Baiburova Olga
Published: November 2022

This article deals with computer security terminology from the perspective of Fillmore’sframe semantics. Cognitive linguists have proved that semantics is realised in context and contributesto cognition. This article aims to analyse which semantic roles are prevalent for usingcomputer security terms in context. Our evidence proves that the term’s meaning and semantic role in the frame corresponding to a communicative event are interrelated. The research has been carried out on a manually collected corpus of computer security texts, comprising terms in their contexts. The data are analysed as follows. First, a thematic categorisation of terms is carried out. Then semantic frame modelling is applied. After that, we generalise our findings and achieve sufficient abstraction in the conclusion about the presence of form – meaning – usage interdependence in professional discourse and LSP. Finally, we discuss the place of semantic framing in the multimodality of professional communication regarding the logic and philosophy of language.
Towards a Marine Accident Frame
Authors: Pasanen Päivi
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the results of a study that combines information extraction by means of word sketches with corpus-based analysis. In the analysis, terminological information was extracted from a corpus of investigation reports by retrieving the word sketches of the selected verbs. The aim of the study is to demonstrate how to identify predicate-argument structures in a specific domain corpus by adopting the principles of Frame-based Terminology (FBT). Thus, this research shows how FBT can be applied to different scenarios such as a marine accident event, which is the object of this study. The long-term goal is to build a marine accident frame by utilising the predicate-argument structures identified in this study. The predicate-argument structures and the evolving frames can be used to enhance the representation and understanding of marine accident events. Thus, the predicate-argument structures are presented for consultation to future end users of the results, namely the stakeholders in the field of maritime safety, including maritime English teachers, as well as LSP teachers and terminologists.
Maritime Cooperative Working Agreements
Authors: Lavissière Mary C. , Fedi Laurent
Published: November 2022

Textual standardization is the expected route for documents in specific disciplinary fields, particularly for legal documents (Gotti 2012). Yet organizations in these fields need common conventions that allow for innovation and flexibility as they face complex professional contexts (Bhatia 2012). Our qualitative data concerning the maritime shipping industry’s use of the legal instruments known as “Cooperative Working Agreements” give evidence that variability allows communities to attain latent professional goals. Genre in language for special purposes, even in legal language, should be seen a double-edged sword, allowing professional communities to legitimately accomplish goals through both standardization and variability.
Risk Factors for Rescue Neuromuscular Blockade Reversal Using Sugammadex-siftdesk
Authors:   Luminis Health Anne Arundel Medical Center, Turcotte Justin J , E. King Mary , N. Zaidi Sohail
Published: November 2022

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the superiority of sugammadex over neostigmine for reversal of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal. However, its increased cost over neostigmine remains a barrier to use in many institutions. Aims: The purposes of this study were to compare the outcomes of patients receiving neostigmine alone vs. patients receiving neostigmine and sugammadex and to identify the risk factors for patients requiring sugammadex as a rescue neuromuscular blockade reversal agent. Methods: A retrospective observational study of general anesthesia cases using rocuronium or vecuronium for NMB at a single regional medical center from January 1, 2019 to March 30, 2021 was performed. Demographics, surgical details, and outcomes of patients receiving neostigmine only (N) were compared to those of patients receiving neostigmine followed by sugammadex (NS). A conditional logistic regression model was developed to identify predictors of patients requiring a rescue dose of sugammadex for NMB reversal. Results: A total of 7104 patients were included (N=6684, NS=420). In comparison to patients in the N group, those in the NS group experienced shorter duration from last NMB administration to first reversal, longer PACU recovery times, longer length of stay, and higher rates of reintubation. After risk adjustment, patients receiving NS were more likely to be female, of non-white race, have increased BMIs, and a greater comorbidity burden than those requiring N only. In comparison to patients undergoing general surgery, those undergoing thoracic surgery are at increased risk for requiring NS. A model for predicting which patients would receive NS was generated with an AUC of 0.681 (95% CI: 0.654-0.708), sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 48%. Conclusion: These findings may assist anesthesiologists in identifying which patients are likely to require sugammadex for rescue NMB reversal after use of neostigmine and are therefore suitable candidates for using sugammadex as a first-line therapy.
Molecular and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Protein-Ligand Interaction. Application to Computer-Assisted Design of Anti-Competitive Inhibitors of Human Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC2)
Authors: Keïta Melalie , Yaya Yéo , Bisseyou Yvon Bibila Mayaya , Esmel Akori Elvice , Dali Brice , N’Guessan Hermann
Published: November 2022

Background: Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are promising drug targets for a variety of therapeutic applications. Here we report in silico design and evaluation of novel amine-based hydroxamic acid derivatives (DAHAs), HDAC2 inhibitors with favorable predicted pharmacokinetic profiles. Methods: By using in situ modifications of the crystal structure of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid SAHA-HDAC2 complex (PDB entry 4LXZ), 3D models of HDAC2-DAHAx complexes were prepared for a training set of 18 DAHAs with experimentally determined inhibitory potencies (half-maximal inhibitory concentrations IC50exp In the search for active conformations of the DAHA1-18, a linear QSAR model was prepared, which correlated computed gas-phase enthalpies of formation (∆∆HMM) of HDAC2-DAHAx complexes with the IC50exp. Further, taking into account the solvent effect and entropy changes upon ligand, binding resulted in a superior QSAR model correlating computed complexation Gibbs free energies (∆∆Gcom). The successive pharmacophore model (PH4) generated from the active conformations of DAHAs served as a virtual screening tool of novel analogs included in a virtual combinatorial library (VCL) of compounds containing hydroxamic acid scaffolds. The PH4 model to identify new DAHA analogs screened the VCL filtered by Lipinski’s rule-of-five. Results: Gas-phase QSAR model: -log10(IC50exp) = pIC50exp -0.2870 x ∆∆HMM +6.5764, R2= 0.83, superior aqueous phase QSAR model: pIC50exp =-0.4005 x ∆∆Gcom + 6.4402, R2=0.93 and PH4 pharmacophore model : pIC50exp = 1.0107 x pIC50pre - 0.0607, R2 = 0.92. The VCL of more than 198 thousand DAHAs was filtered down to 150,713 analogs Lipinski’s rule. The PH4 screening retained 110 new and potent DAHAs with predicted inhibitory potencies pIC50pre up to 520-fold lower than .that of DAHA1 (IC50exp =260nM). Predicted pharmacokinetic profiles of the new analogs were compared to current per oral anti-cancer drugs. Conclusions: This computational approach, which combines molecular modeling, pharmacophore model, analysis of HDAC2-DAHAs interaction energies, in silico screening of VCL of DAHAs, and ADME properties resulted in a set of proposed new HDAC2 inhibitors.
Effects of ATRA on proliferation, migration and cell cycle of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells-siftdesk
Authors:   Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Sha-sha LIU , SHI Ya-nan YAN
Published: November 2022

Objective：To study the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on proliferation, migration and cycle of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells. Methods：The proliferation activity of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells treated with different concentrations of ATRA was detected by CCK-8 assay. The morphological changes of MGC-803 cells in each group were observed under inverted microscope. The migration ability of cells in each group was detected by scratch test. Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of MGC-803 cell cycle. Results：CCK-8 results showed that ATRA could significantly inhibit the proliferation of MGC-803 cells, and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation increased gradually with the increasing of ATRA concentrations and action time, in a dose-time dependent manner(P<0.05). Under inverted microscope, the morphology of MGC-803 cells changed and the number of viable cells decreased significantly after ATRA treatment. The results of scratch assay showed that ATRA could significantly inhibit the migration of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells, and the repair rate of scratch area decreased significantly with the increasing of ATRA concentration(P<0.05).Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells increased significantly after ATRA treatment, and the proportion of S phase cells decreased (P<0.05).And there was no significant change in G2/M phase cell proportion (P>0.05).
Geologic aspects (faults, landslides and volcanic dikes) of the Nateekin River shallow earthquake swarm of 15 June 2020 near Makushin Volcano, Unalaska Island, Alaska, U.S.A.-siftdesk
Authors: W. Reeder John ,   Southwestern College
Published: November 2022

Starting 15 June 2020, a shallow earthquake swarm occurred in the Nateekin River valley just east of Makushin Volcano of Unalaska Island, Alaska, U.S.A. Focal mechanism determinations were made on the larger earthquake events. These correlated with four known fault groups originally recognized during 1980-85 field work in this region. These are (a) numerous N 54° W ± striking normal faults, (b) prominent N 74° W ± striking normal faults, (c) N 50° E ± strike-slip faults, and (d) a N 36° E ± striking reverse faults. These fault groups correlate with known dikes for the region, which suggest magmatic intrusions are associated with this earthquake swarm. These faults reflect a predictable fault structure for a regional maximum horizontal tectonic stress direction of N 54° W ± with a localized spreading rift zone associated with Makushin Volcano that is striking N 74° W ±. This rift zone has a reactivated landslide and numerous nearby small landslides caused by this June/July earthquake swarm. This swarm sheds insight into the faulting, volcanic and geothermal processes of the region. Key words: Shallow earthquake swarm in a volcanic rift zone; four different seismic focal (fault) mechanisms recognized; associated active faults and landslides observed; related Holocene dikes and volcanic activity; regional maximum horizontal tectonic stress and magmatic processes; extensive geothermal resources.
Temporary Behavioral Responses to Playbacks by a Pest Parrot and Implications for Management
Authors: Estien Cesar , O’Connell Claire , Francis Xavier , Smith-Vidaurre Grace , Kluever Bryan , Hobson Elizabeth , van der Marel Annemarie
Published: November 2022

Human-wildlife interactions continue to increase due to anthropogenic disturbances, with some interactions resulting in conflict. Leveraging a taxa’s bias for a particular sensory cue is a promising management avenue for reducing the potential and realized negative consequences of human-wildlife conflict. For instance, many avian species heavily depend on acoustic communication, and acoustic cues can provide opportunities to reduce conflict with various avian species. The monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) is a gregarious parrot native to South America that has established populations worldwide and is considered an urban and agricultural pest in parts of its native and introduced ranges. We conducted playback experiments with a captive population of monk parakeets to evaluate auditory cues that may be useful for designing management protocols. Our experiment evaluated the efficacy of two stimuli: predator vocalizations as potential repulsion and conspecific vocalizations as potential attraction stimuli for parakeets. We measured two responses: (1) categorical group-level behavioral responses and (2) time to cease vigilance and return to behavior prior to playback. In the repulsion playbacks, monk parakeets were repelled by predator vocalizations in 80% of trials and took longer to cease vigilance and return to baseline behavior compared to attraction playbacks. In the attraction playbacks, monk parakeets exhibited vigilant behavior and weak or no attraction to the stimulus, with attraction only being observed in 10% of trials. Our results demonstrate that predator playbacks may be particularly useful for completing management objectives, such as temporary removal from a location.
RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS MATEMÁTICOS NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: UM ESTADO DA QUESTÃO
Authors: Gomes Luanna Priscila da Silva , Gonçalves Paulo Gonçalo Farias
Published: November 2022

A resolução de problemas tem um importante papel no ensino e aprendizagem da matemática, sobretudo, pelo seu potencial em contribuir com o desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico desde a infância. Dada essa relevância, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar dissertações e teses que empreenderam experiências educativas utilizando a resolução de problemas matemáticos nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Se tratando de uma pesquisa Estado da Questão, esse estudo utilizou o repositório Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e, após obtenção dos dados, empreendeu as análises considerando as seguintes categorias: recorrência temporal, nível de ensino, unidades temáticas, perspectivas de uso da resolução de problemas em sala de aula. Verificamos uma pluralidade de perspectivas no trabalho pedagógico com a resolução de problemas e com diferentes conteúdos, o que possibilitou caminhos diversos para colocá-la em ação no âmbito educacional. Assim, é de suma importância que mais experiências educativas com a Resolução de Problemas sejam realizadas, de modo a promover espaços de discussão e produção de conhecimento coletivo, o fomento à argumentação, a posicionamentos críticos e a aprendizagem.
This is your brain on stigma: Stigma attributions resulting from drug-related social marketing
Authors:   , Kerstens Maria
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Stigma is a social phenomenon that has far-ranging negative effects on societal equity. Drug use stigma has been noted to be influenced by social marketing communications, but this connection has never yet been explored in depth. The Influence of Attributions theory was used as a theoretical lens to understand how social marketing communication can influence stigma. How prior experience may influence interpretation was also explored. Methodology: Social marketing messages about drug use and deterrence were explored through participant interpretations using a qualitative semi-structured interview with photo-elicitation prompts. A selection of drug use and deterrence advertising stimuli was used. The sample of 23 participants was split into a people who use drugs (PWUD) group and a non-user group. Findings: Four types of stigma attributions were found. Stigmatising attributions found were attributions of moral defect (weakness, criminality and inferiority) and attributions of blame. Non-stigmatising attributions found were attributions of normality and attributions of empathy. Disassociation, shame and guilt, scepticism, and acceptance were found as responses to the stigmatising attributions related to prior experience. Differences in interpretation were found between PWUD and non-user groups. Implications: This thesis contributes four stigma attributions influenced by social marketing messages and a model that shows the connection between attributions, response and message elements. Future research could quantify these attributions through message design experiments. Marketers may benefit from analysing potential stigmatising attributions in future work, and this new theory can assist the design of less stigmatising interventions.
With Water (re) connection people to our urban waterways
Authors:   , Baldwin Daryl
Published: November 2022

The Whanganui River was the first in the world to be granted legalpersonhood status. This groundbreaking piece of legislation shiftedenvironmental protection and governance by acknowledgingMāori holistic perception of water and its ontological bearing with“Ko au te awa, Ko te awa ko au - I am the river, and the river is me”.

Ongoing settler colonisation and western urbanisation has allowedrapid degradation of waterways holding significance for Māori.

Here, the Whanganui River Agreement showcases how Māori watervalues might be upheld with a western environmental governanceframework thereby moving closer to Te Tiriti o Waitangi’s intent.

This thesis tests the impact of this legislation on an urban pipedstream with a focus on how landscape architectural practice mightbe changed. The research uses qualitative research, fieldwork anddesign-led responses concurrently to understand and encounter thestream as a living entity with empathy. Through the course of theinvestigation, the research reflects on the role of a landscape architectat this juncture and how reciprocity in environmental relationshipbetween waterway and designer impacts deign approach andpractice. Ideas of relationality between natural systems and social-spatialsystems are therefore interrogated. The research imaginesthe integration and reciprocity of natural systems, public space andstormwater management to reorient the urban environment by givingvoice back to waterways. In questioning the ontological status of anurban stream the research makes a contribution to understandingwhat is at stake for the designer in the changing space of Aotearoa’senvironmental governance.
Una Guía Práctica a la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso
Authors:   University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States, Hayes Steven C. , Strosahl Kirk D. ,   Heart Matters Consulting, Spokane, Washington, US
Published: November 2022

ACT ha abierto la puerta a descubrimientos fascinantes sobre el ser humano, el lenguaje y la psicopatología en general. Dentro de estos descubrimientos se encuentran las técnicas de tratamiento que componen ACT y que se presentan de forma muy convincente en este libro, Una Guía Práctica a la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso. Como describen los autores, este libro es la primera guía práctica que perfila el enfoque de ACT para numerosos trastornos, presentándolo en detalle. Esta innovadora conceptualización de la psicopatología puede resultar especialmente atractiva para profesionales, ya que proporciona respuestas y alternativas a la recaída y otras dificultades que presentan algunos clientes al ser incapaces controlar sus síntomas. Los clínicos también pueden beneficiarse de la técnicas y las metáforas utilizadas en ACT. En cada capítulo se presenta el uso de ACT para un grupo diferente de trastornos. Los autores presentan hábilmente una formulación del trastorno basada en los principios de ACT y luego describen el enfoque de ACT para dicho trastorno específico o grupo de trastornos. El atractivo de ACT para los profesionales se debe a que promete abordar las deficiencias de las terapias estándar hasta ahora disponibles. En definitiva, este libro es una importante adición a la literatura sobre ACT al hacerla más accesible y menos técnica para los profesionales.
Denunciar a un analista de conducta mediante una notificación de presunta infracción
Authors:   Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, US, Bailey Jon S. , Burch Mary R. ,   Tallahassee, Florida, US
Published: November 2022

Siempre que un solicitante o certificador de la BACB, un solicitante o certificador de la RBT o un proveedor de ACE aprobado esté preocupado por si él o alguien más ha infringido los requisitos éticos de la BACB, puede informar de la infracción al Departamento de Ética de la BACB. Las dos formas en que la BACB recibe informes sobre posibles infracciones éticas son (1) la autodenuncia de una persona certificada y (2) la denuncia de una presunta infracción por parte de una persona certificada...
TREATMENT OF PURULENT GONITIS
Authors: I.B. Tsololo , S.A. Linnik , G. Karagezov , N.S. Pisarkov
Published: November 2022

Purulent gonitis that has arisen after knee replacement, osteosynthesis with fractures of the bones forming the knee joint, arthroscopy, and the introduction of medications is a serious complication, the treatment of which is a social and economic problem. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the choice of treatment tactics for patients with purulent gonitis according to their etiology, local changes in the joint as well as the type and resistance of the infection causative agent. The analysis of the treatment of 154 patients was carried out. In most cases, 97 patients (63%), gonitis was noted in the form of the periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). In 33 (21%) cases it was noted with postoperative osteoarthritis after osteosynthesis of intra-articular fractures of the bones forming the knee joint. After arthroscopy with knee joint ligament surgery — 10 (7%) cases, intra-articular injections of drugs into the knee joint — 14 (9%). The high effectiveness of sanitizing treatment was achieved in 146 (94,8%) cases. 93 (95,8%) of the patients had PJI, 32 (96,9%) had postoperative osteomyelitis, 9 (90%) had arthroscopy, and 12 (85,7%) had intra-articular drug injections. The tactics of treatment of purulent gonitis depends on the etiology and nature of the joint lesion, the resistance of the microorganism, and the comorbid condition of patients.
THE RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION OF PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED IN THE DEPARTMENTS OF SURGICAL AND THERAPEUTIC PROFILE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Yu.L. Galeppo , Yu.V. Miroshnichenko
Published: November 2022

Relevance. Currently, more attention is being paid to improving the quality of drug provision for multidisciplinary medical organizations. An objective analysis of factors, including the analysis of the structure of the composition of patients hospitalized in multidisciplinary medical organizations, is of great importance.
Aim. To analyze the composition of patients hospitalized in the departments of therapeutic and surgical profile of multidisciplinary medical organizations.
Materials and methods. Materials: statistical reports, journals of the movement of medicines and prescribing lists of medical histories of patients examined by multidisciplinary medical organizations, as well as data on standards of medical care and clinical recommendations. Methods: retrospective analysis, methods of comparison, correspondence, etc.
Results. This article presents the results of the analysis of the morbidity structure of patients hospitalized in surgical and therapeutic departments of multidisciplinary medical organizations of the research base, which revealed that the most common diseases in these multidisciplinary medical organizations are respiratory diseases (Class X), circulatory system (Class IX) and digestive organs (Class XI). The analysis of the categories of the most common classes of diseases according to ICD-10 in each multidisciplinary medical organization showed the most common nosological forms in each category of ICD-10. For example, in the structure of diseases under the headings of Class I "Infectious and parasitic diseases" in all multidisciplinary medical organizations, the research base showed the predominance of the following nosological forms: chickenpox (B01) and acute intestinal infections caused by unidentified infectious agents (A09).
Conclusion. To improve the quality of medical care, special attention should be paid to the compliance of the drug provision of multidisciplinary medical organizations with the structure of the morbidity of patients admitted to it.
MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY OF UNIVERSITIES IN THE FIELD OF PHARMACEUTICALS, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Authors: T.K. Ekshikeev , I.A. Obukhova , Z.A. Aitkuzhina
Published: November 2022

The processes of dynamic transformations require the constant development of new clarifying models – both the organization and management mechanisms of universities – the main result of the introduction of which would be the implementation of intellectual research by university scientists as a significant real resource of the modern national economy. Actual components – ensuring the intellectual activity of universities – are their own developments of promising effective models. The authors formulated systemic and sectoral problems and the possibilities for their resolution in the management of the intellectual activity of universities in the field of pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and medicine. In order to achieve the totality of the main tasks of the proposed refinement model, according to the authors, the necessary components of the functions of the elements, both internal and external subsystems, can be presented. From the elementary level – based on the possession of knowledge of the education process – to the implementation in practice of its components of research, parts of scientific and technical and components of intellectual activity in the technology of diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Scientists who possess both knowledge and intellectual activity can and should actively implement their own technologies with the possibility of more capacious and free access of citizens of their countries to the results of modern medical and pharmaceutical achievements.
A STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF СIRSIUM HETEROPHYLLUM (L.) HILL. LEAVES
Authors: Z.V. Kasyanov , K.E Yakushina , T.A. Utushkina , D.Y. Apushkin , A.I. Andreev , E.A. Nepogodina , E.A. Akhremenko , I.I. Kovalenko
Published: November 2022

The biological activity of extracts from Cirsium heterophyllum leaves is of interest. Traditional medicine and preliminary studies indicate that this raw material may have the potential for anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of an aqueous extract of Cirsium heterophyllum leaves. We studied the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts of Cirsium heterophyllum leaves harvested in Vasilyevka village, Perm district, Perm territory (kray), Russia. The extracts were standardized for the content of flavonoids in terms of cynaroside. To study the anti-inflammatory activity, we used carrageenan-induced paw edema model in outbred ICR (CD-1) mice and outbred Wistar rats. Diclofenac was used as a reference drug. The test substances were dissolved in a 2% starch solution and injected intraperitoneally to the animals. The paw volume was measured hydrometrically and photometrically. The study has shown that the aqueous extracts of Cirsium heterophyllum have a mild effect compared to diclofenac. In mice, the percentage of inhibition of edema at the 4th hour was 19% (p-value = 0.0310) and 20% (p-value = 0.0130) for photometry and hydrometry, respectively. In rats, the percentage of edema inhibition was 47% (p-value = 0.0300) at the 1st hour and 28.7% (p-value = 0.0170) at 3 hours for hydrometry; photometry did not confirm these results. The results suggest that the aqueous extract of Cirsium heterophyllum has a mild activity in comparison with diclofenac, which may be due to the mutual action of the extract substances when applied intraperitoneally, as well as the presence of polysaccharides in the aqueous extract. Further research is required to determine whether the anti-inflammatory activity of its aqueous extract might be better combined with wound healing effects when applied topically.
IDENTIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS IN THE LEAVES OF THE SQUAT CLOUDBERRY (RUBUS CHAMAEMORUS), GROWING IN THE VOLOGDA REGION OF RUSSIA
Authors: E.D. Kubasova , G.V. Korelskaya , I.A. Krylov , A.V. Novikova , R.V. Kubasov
Published: November 2022

Relevance: The Cloudberry squat (Rubus chamaemorus) is a perennial low herbaceous plant growing in the northern and Arctic regions of the European part, in Siberia and the Far East. The plant raw materials of Rubus chamaemorus are actively used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. For medicinal purposes, not only fruits are used, but also other parts of the plant – leaves, rhizome and sepals. Biologically active substances defined in this medicinal plant are diverse. Among them, flavonoids and their derivatives are of considerable interest for pharmacy, since they have versatile medicinal effects: hypotensive, antiatherogenic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial effects. The purpose of the study is to establish the presence of flavonoids and their quantitative determination in the leaves of Cloudberry squat, growing in the Vologda region for the possible determination of the raw materials of this plant as medicinal. Materials and methods: the presence and quantitative content of flavonoids in the raw materials of cloudberry squat (leaves) growing on the territory of the Vologda region was determined using the spectrophotometric method of chemical analysis. Results of the study: qualitative samples (cyanidin, reaction with a solution of basic lead acetate) confirmed the presence of flavonoids in the roots of the studied plant; the content of flavonoids relative to the total dry mass of raw materials was quantified, it was 0.63 ± 0.013% (95% confidence interval = 0.6199-0.6401). The results obtained are consistent with the data of other researchers, the average relative proportion of flavonoids in relation to the total mass of the dry plant corresponds to the average scientific results. The conclusion is made about the possibility of attributing Rubus chamaemorus, which grows in the Vologda region, to medicinal plants potentially recommended for use in the pharmaceutical industry.
RATIONALITY AS THE NORM OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR IN THE WORLD TODAY
Authors: E.D. Kubasova , T.N. Ushakova , R.V. Kubasov , V.V. Lupachev , G.V. Korelskaya
Published: November 2022

A person as a social being is guided by his own interests, habits, customs, changes that have social significance. Institutions are also one of the most important elements of the social environment and are regulators and coordinators of behavior. Economic institutions regulate the behavior of economic subjects. Traditional economic theory considers economic behavior as rational. The classical concept of rationality represents the limitations of the objective function and resource components and explains real economic behavior. The decision-making process consists of a combination of resource and target aspects, respectively, rationality restrictions are imposed in the field of access to resources, goal setting and mechanisms of their combination, i.e., justification of behavioral action. Internal limitations on the choice of alternative actions have an impact on the decision-making process of economic actors. Among them are cognitive abilities, competence, value system, needs, innate personality traits and emotions. Imperfection of cognitive abilities can cause distortion of conclusions about economic realities, which leads to mistakes in actions. The specificity of the individual's cognitive capabilities, along with the uneven distribution of information, leads to the fact that economic entities are constantly exposed to uncertainty. Competence, which is an expression of the individual's experience, skills and accumulated knowledge, allows to reduce the level of uncertainty and increase the rationality of the subject's behavior. At the same time, the presence of a value system allows you to rank a person's interests and needs according to their importance to him, and thereby prioritize their satisfaction. At the same time, human needs, in contrast to the value system, are more situational in nature.
The Good, the Bad, and the Neutral: Twitter Users’ Opinion on the ASUU Strike
Authors: Sadiq Muhammad Abubakar , Nat Muesser
Published: November 2022

Aim/Purpose: Nigeria’s university education goes through incessant strikes by the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU). This strike has led to shared emotion on micro-blogging sites like Twitter. This study analyzed selected historical tweets from the “ASUU” to understand citizens’ opinions.

Background: The researchers conducted sentiment analysis and topic modelling to understand Twitter users’ opinions on the strike.

Methodology: The researchers used the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER) technique for sentiment analysis, and the Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was used for topic modelling. A total of 10,000 tweets were first extracted for the study. After data cleaning, 1323 tweets were left.

Contribution: To the researcher’s best knowledge, no published study has presented a sentiment analysis on the topic of the ASUU strike using the Twitter dataset. This research will fill this gap by providing a sentiment analysis and drawing out subjects by exploring the tweets on the phrase “ASUU.”

Findings: The sentiment analysis result using VADER returned 567 tweets as ‘Negative,’ with the remaining 544 and 212 categorized as Positive and Neutral. The result of the LDA returned six topics, all comprising seven keywords. The topics were the solution to the strike, ASUU strike effect, strike Call-off, appeal to ASUU, student protest and student appeal.

Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can use this study’s findings to compare with other contexts of opinion mining.

Practitioners may also use the research to understand better the attitudes of their staff and students about the strikes to create actionable solutions before the suspension of the strike.

Future Research: Future studies can collect information from other social networking and blogging sites.
Journal Effect of Workload, Work Environment and Work Motivation on Employee Performance of Pt. Merak Jaya Beton Pamotan, Sidoarjo
Authors: Rohmana Agus
Published: November 2022

This research has a goal in the problem is whether the workload, work environment and work motivation have a simultaneous effect on the performance of employees of PT. Merak Jaya Plan Pamotan Sidoarjo. The population used is all employees of PT Merak Jaya Beton Plan Pamotan Sidoarjo in the Trucking Management System department, totaling 54 employees using non-probability or non-random sample selection. The data analysis method used is Multiple Linear Regression with the help of SPSS. The results showed that (1) partially the workload variable had a significance value of 0.040 <0.05 the workload variable had a partially significant effect on the employee performance variable. (2) partially the work environment variable has a significance value of 0.708 > 0.05, meaning that the work environment variable partially has no significant effect on employee performance variables. (3) partially the work motivation variable has a significance value of 0.080 > 0.05, meaning that the work motivation variable partially has no significant effect on the employee performance variable.
Balancing Consistency and Flexibility: Challenges and Opportunities in Conducting a Cross-Country Longitudinal Study with Youth Participants in Work-Integration Social Enterprises
Authors: Simpson Lindsay , Luk Annie , Hall Peter , Vieta Marcelo , Chan Andrea
Published: November 2022

Longitudinal studies conducted within the social economy have the potential to provide useful insights by tracing participant experiences and illuminating long-term outcomes of program interventions. However, longitudinal studies are challenging, not only due to retention of participants, but also when a longitudinal study covers a broad geographic area. The authors collaborated in a five-year pan-Canadian longitudinal study following youth participants in work-integration social enterprise (WISE) training programs. This article traces the experiences of study teams in Ontario and Greater Vancouver, providing accounts of the approaches and challenges encountered when working in geographically and socio-economically diverse locales over time with youth participants facing social marginalization. This article highlights three aspects of data collection—recruitment, retention, and research methods and logistics—offering insights into how each team devised its own strategies to fit with local circumstances while maintaining consistency across research sites.
Profil Penanganan Luka pada Pasien Trauma di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Umum Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Zuhan Arif , Rahman Hadian , Januarman Januarman
Published: November 2022

Latar belakang: Luka terbuka mempunyai resiko untuk terjadinya infeksi yang serius dan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Penanganan luka yang sesuai sangat penting untuk mengurangi terjadinya infeksi pada luka.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskritif prospektif dengan metode cross-sectional tentang profil penangan luka pada pasien trauma di IGD RSUP NTB. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pasien yang mengalami luka akibat trauma dan ditangani di IGD RSUP NTB. Penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dari bulan Juli sampai September 2015.

Hasil: Didapatkan 90 pasien luka akibat trauma yang terdiri dari 73% laki-laki dan 27% perempuan. Tindakan disinfeksi luka dilakukan pada 100% pasien, anestesi luka pada 65,6% pasien dan irigasi luka pada 97% pasien. Debridement luka dilakukan pada 13% pasien, penjahitan luka pada 61% pasien dan dressing luka pada 77% pasien. Antibiotik profilaksis diberikan pada 26% pasien dan antitetanus profilaksis diberikan pada 28% pasien.

Kesimpulan: Tindakan disinfeksi luka terutama menggunakan povidon iodin. Tindakan anestesi luka menggunakan Lidocain dan irigasi luka menggunakan NaCl 0,9%. Tindakan penjahitan luka terutama menggunakan jahitan simple suture. Antibiotik profilaksis terutama menggunakan Amoxicilin dan antitetanus profilaksis terutama menggunakan ATS.
Oftalmopati pada Penyakit Graves
Authors: Farida Siti , Sakti Pandu Tridana
Published: November 2022

Graves Oftalmopati juga dikenal dengan, Tyroid Associated Ophtalmopathy (TAO) , penyakit mata tyroid, dan penyakit Basedowâ€™s (dalam bahasa Jerman), orbitopaty dystiroid, orbitopaty tiroid adalah gangguan inflamasi autoimmune dengan pencetus yang berkesinambungan. Dengan gambaran klinis karakteristiknya satu atau lebih gambaran berikut yaitu retraksi kelopak mata, keterlambatan kelopak mata dalam mengikuti gerakan mata (lid lag), proptosis, myopati ekstraokuler restriksi dan neuropaty optik progresif.

Laporan kasus: penulis melaporkan 1 laporan kasus oftalmopati pada penyait graves pada pasien perempuan berusia 31 tahun. Pasien mengeluhkan kedua mata menonjol, mata kering, benjolan pada leher, mudah lelah, mudah lapar dan haus, berkeringat, tubuh terasa panas, dan berdebar-debar. Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan proptosis pada kedua mata denan menggunakan eksoftalmometer hertel. Pasien juga dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar TSH. Pasien ditatalaksana dengan pemberian artificial tears dan kelopak diplester waktu tidur serta tatalaksana untuk kondisi hipertiroidnya.
Korelasi antara Kadar Asam Urat Serum dan Probabilitas Stroke Iskemik pada Penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram
Authors: Cahyadi Anabel , Harahap Herpan Syafii , Padauleng Novrita
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian yang dapat dicegah. Probabilitas stroke iskemik dapat diukur dengan menggunakan penilaian skor risiko stroke menurut Framingham. Korelasi antara kadar asam urat serum dengan probabilitas stroke iskemik hingga kini menjadi kontroversi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kadar asam urat serum, probabilitas stroke iskemik dan hubungan antara kadar asam urat serum dan probabilitas stroke iskemik pada penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram.

Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang dan melibatkan 59 orang penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram. Data yang diperiksa meliputi usia, kadar asam urat serum, penyakit kardiovaskular, diabetes mellitus, terapi anti hipertensi, fibrilasi atrium, hipertrofi ventrikel kiri, tekanan darah sistolik dan merokok.

Hasil: Hasil uji korelasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar asam urat serum dan probabilitas stroke iskemik pada penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram (p=0,167).

Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar asam urat serum dan probabilitas stroke iskemik pada penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram.
EFEKTIVITAS IMUNISASI HEPATITIS B PADA GAMBARAN SEROLOGI HEPTITIS B PADA SISWA BARU SMP DI LEMBAR TAHUN 2016
Authors: Aulia Baiq Nindya , Lestarini Ima Arum , Wardoyo E Hagni
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Infeksi Hepatitis B merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang serius dan menjadi penyebab utama sirosis hati dan kanker hati di seluruh dunia. Menurut data Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2014) dan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (2013), Indonesia merupakan Negara dengan endemisitas tinggi hepatitis B dan terbesar kedua di regio Asia Tenggara. Diperkirakan 28 juta orang terinfeksi hepatitis B dan 14 juta di antaranya berpotensi untuk menjadi kronis, dan dari kronis tersebut 1,4 juta orang berpotensi untuk menderita kanker hati. Pencegahan infeksi VHB pada usia dini, memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap angka kejadian infeksi VHB. Sampai saat ini, imunisasi merupakan cara yang paling efektif untuk mengontrol infeksi. Efektivitas vaksin menurut Perhimpunan Peneliti Hati Indonesia (2006) dalam mencegah virus hepatitis B adalah 90-95%.

Tujuan Umum: Mengetahui efektivitas imunisasi hepatitis B terhadap kejadian hepatitis B pada siswa baru SMP di Lembar Metode Penelitian: Rancangan penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan kuisioner dan tes darah utuk mendapatkan data. Riwayat imunisasi dan faktor risiko hepatitis didapatkan melalui kuisioner, sementara itu penanda HBsAg didapatkan melalui tes darah imunochromatography.

Hasil: Dari 244 responden didapatkan yang sudah melakukan imunisasi hepatitis B dengan hasil HbsAg positif sebanyak 2 orang, responden yang tidak imunisasi dengan hasil HbsAg positif sebanyak 1 orang, sudah melakukan imunisasi hepatitis B dengan hasil HbsAg negatif sebanyak 240 orang, dan responden yang tidak imunisasi dengan hasil HbsAg negatif tidak ada.

Kesimpulan: Dari 244 responden didapatkan hasil HbsAg positif sebanyak 4 orang.
Hubungan Antara Kadar Kolesterol High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Serum dan Framingham Stroke Rish Score pada Penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram.
Authors: Nurhayati Rohmatul Hajiriah , Harahap Herpan Syafii , Rizki Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Stroke merupakan penyebab kecacatan dan kematian utama di dunia. Stroke iskemik merupakan subtipe stroke yang paling sering diderita. Pencegahan stroke iskemik dilakukan dengan menilai probabilitas terjadinya stroke iskemik seseorang dengan menggunakan Framingham stroke risk score. Faktor risiko lain untuk stroke iskemik yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penurunan kadar kolesterol HDL serum. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar kolesterol HDL serum dan Framingham stroke risk score pada penduduk di Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek pada penelitian terdiri dari 55 orang. Data karakteristik subjek yang ditunjukkan meliputi kadar kolesterol HDL serum dan berbagai faktor risiko dalam Framingham Stroke Risk Score disajikan dalam bentuk tabel.

Hasil: Penelitian ini diikuti 55 subjek dengan rerata usia 66,54 Â± 7,816 tahun. Subjek dengan kadar kolesterol HDL serum rendah didapatkan sebesar 56,36% dengan proporsi tertinggi terdapat pada perempuan. Rerata tekanan darah sistolik subjek penelitian adalah 143,47 Â± 25,54 mmHg. Proporsi subjek dengan penyakit diabetes melitus, penyakit kardiovaskular, hipertrofi ventrikel kiri, dan fibrilasi atrium tergolong rendah, sehingga rerata probabilitas risiko stroke iskemik yang didapatkan rendah yaitu 10,415%. Berdasarkan analisis Pearson didapatkan tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar kolesterol HDL serum dan Framingham stroke risk score (p>0,05).

Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar kolesterol HDL serum tidak berkorelasi dengan Framingham stroke risk score.