bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Market Maestro: A Smart E-commerce Application
Authors: Kalaivani B  , Bharathi B  , Kasu Manaswi  , Kantabathina Tejaswini
Published: April 2024

In an era marked by digital transformation, “Market Maestro” emerges as a pioneering e-commerce application, poised to redefine the very essence of shopping. The application transcends the commonplace, presenting a sophisticated shopping experience that seamlessly melds convenience, sustainability, and innovation. At the heart of the application lies an impeccable user interface, meticulously crafted to provide discerning shoppers with a comprehensive array of products, ranging from fresh produce to everyday essentials. The application is developed using Flask and SQLite which help in providing a better server-side logic. What truly distinguishes “Market Maestro” is its eco-conscious packaging options and strategic partnerships with local farmers and suppliers which embarks on a sustainable journey that harmonizes quality with environmental responsibility. The proposed application further prioritizes security, offering a robust and secure payment gateway rendering a seamless checkout and contactless endeavor. Real-time order tracking provides transparency ensuring customers remain informed about their delivery status. Furthermore, the application also encloses a recommendation feature that provides the users with the possible recipes that can be made from the list of ingredients as specified by the user. “Market Maestro” allows users into a new era of shopping, marked by intelligent design, environmental stewardship, and unwavering customer-centricity.
Determinan yang Mempengaruhi Audit Delay dengan Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Moderasi
Authors: Shally Khomilah
Published: April 2024

The time span between the issuance date of the audit report and the closing date of the financial year is called the audit delay. This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, solvency, liquidity, and good corporate governance proxied by the board of commissioners and audit committee on audit delay with firm size as a moderating variable. This research was conducted at trading service and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019. The number of samples selected by purposive sampling method is 268 samples from 56 companies for five years. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of financial statements of trading services and investment companies. The data analysis technique used is Moderated Regression Analysis. The results of the study show that profitability, solvency, board of commissioners and audit committee have an effect on audit delay, while liquidity has no effect on audit delay. Firm size moderates the effect of solvency and liquidity on audit delay. But company size cannot moderate the board of commissioners on audit delay.
Navoiy obrazi va poetik tasvir uyg‘unligi
Authors: Ashurova Gulbahor
Published: April 2024

O'zbekiston mustaqillikka erishgach o'zbek adabiyotida buyuk mutafakkir Alisher Navoiy siymosini badiiy talqin etish yangi bosqichga ko'tarildi. Chunki bu davrda milliy o'zlikni anglash, milliy qadriyatlarni tikiash bosh masalaga aylandi. Alisher Navoiy adabiyotda ma'naviy-axloqiy kamolotning timsoli sifatida haqli e’tirof etildi. lining ibratli hayoti, shaxsiyati namuna o'laroq tasvirlandi. Mustaqillik davri o'zbek adabiyotida buyuk mutafakkirga bag'ishlab yaratilgan asarlar ayol shoiralar ijodida o'ziga xos, alohida sahifalarni tashkil etadi. Ushbu maqolada Alisher Navoiy obrazining Halima Xudoyberdiyeva, Oydin Hojiyeva va Farida Afro'z she'rlarida badiiy talqini masalasi yoritildi.
G‘afur G‘ulom she’riyatining poetik jozibasi (Shoirning “Kuzatish” va “Sog‘inish” she’rlari tahlili misolida)
Authors: Matyoqubova Tozagul
Published: April 2024

Ushbu maqolada akademik G'afur G'ulom she'riyatining o'ziga xos xususiyatlari "Kuzatish” va "Sog'inish" she'rlari tahlili misolida o'rganilgan. Unda mazkur she'rlarda o'tmish, bugun va kelajak manzaralari shoir ichki olami bilan uyg'unlikda tasvirlangani yoritilgan. G'afur G'ulom insonga Yer shari darajasidagi hodisa sifatida qaramagan. Balki uni koinot evolyutsiyasining tabiiy hosilasi deb bilgan. G'afur G'ulom insoniyat tarixini Quyosh tizimi va unda millionlab yillar davomida sodir bo'lgan o'zgarishlar bilan bog'lab tasvirlagan. Maqolada G'afur G'ulom she’rlaridagi bunday tasvirlar shoirning ongosti tuyg'ulari bilan bog'lab tadqiq etilgan. Tadqiqotchi G'.G'ulom she’rlari subyektiv kechinma va nafis poetik ifoda uyg'unlashuvidan yuzaga kelgan, degan fikr-mulohazani ifoda etadi. Maqolada ilgari surilgan fikr-qarashlar muxtasar holda umumlashtirilgan
The Practice of Multimodal Analgesia Technique for Patients Undergoing Surgery under General Anaesthesia in Debre Markos Compersive Specialized Hospital Debre Markos, East Gojjam, Ethiopia, 2022. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Anesthesia, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos  University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Guadie Ahebir Yitayal , Misganew Abebaw ,   Department of Anesthesia, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Anley Beyable Amare ,   Department of Anesthesia, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Debas Bayable Samuel ,   Department of Anesthesia, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Godie Ashebir Yohannes ,   Department of pediatric and Child Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
Published: April 2024

Background: Practice guidelines for preoperative pain management recommend that multimodal analgesic therapy should be used for postsurgical patients. This method uses different analgesic agents, which may target different components of pain transmission to improve post-operative analgesia and decrease reliance on opiate-based medication. The practice of Multimodal analgesia includes the combined use of neuraxial blockage regional anesthesia and systemic medications and has been shown to reduce opioid use and side effects in surgical patients. However, the proportion of patients who receive this evidence-based approach is unknown. To assess the practice of multimodal analgesia among patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia at Debere Markos Compressive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: After obtaining ethical approval a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 22 to May 10, 2022, in Debere Markos Compressive specialized hospital. Data was collected, prospectively using questionnaires from anesthetists, nurses in the recovery room, and anesthesia record sheets. Patients were considered to have multimodal analgesia if they received two or more analgesics. Descriptive statistics were performed to identify the practice of multimodal analgesia. Results: A total of 200 participated in our study. We observed the practice of multimodal analgesia in patients who had undergone surgery under general anesthesia in the study period was 47%. Opiod is the most widely administered analgesia. It was given to 81.5% of patients. The practice of multimodal analgesia in emergency surgery was found to be 61.7%. During the study period, multimodal analgesia was more practiced among Bsc anesthetists and it was found to be 42.5%. The practice of multimodal analgesia in PACU was found to be 9%. Conclusion and Recommendation: The practice of multimodal analgesia for surgical patients in Debre Markos Specialized Compressive Hospital is underutilized. Anesthesia professionals should use a multimodal approach for preoperative pain management for all surgical patients. The Department of Anesthesia should develop a guideline for the treatment of perioperative pain.
The Influence of Job Placement and Career Development on Employee Performance at Bank Sumsel Babel Sub Branch KM 12 Palembang
Authors: Fitriani Hikmah , Marnisah Luis , Roswaty Roswaty
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to test whether work placement and career development have a positive effect on employee performance at Bank Sumsel Babel Sub-Branch KM 12 Palembang City. The sampling technique in this study was saturated sampling, which took the entire sample of 25 respondents who were employees of Bank Sumsel Babel Sub-Branch KM 12 Palembang. This research method uses multiple linear regression analysis methods. The results showed that job placement and career development partially and simultaneously had a positive effect on employee performance.
Gambaran Risiko Kematian Pasien Terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Bethesda: Analisis Skor Mortalitas 4C
Authors: Bisay Vallentino Ardine Prasetya , Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Pramudita Esdras Ardi
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Tingginya kejadian kematian pasien dengan COVID-19 menyebabkan diperlukannya alat stratifikasi risiko untuk menilai kondisi pasien dan menentukan tindakan medis yang tepat. Skor mortalitas 4C merupakan salah satu alat stratifikasi dengan menggunakan demografi pasien, pengamatan klinis dan parameter laboratorium untuk menggambarkan risiko kematian pasien. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode nested case-control dengan data sekunder pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19. Sampel dengan 71 pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 dikategorikan menjadi kelompok pasien meninggal (case) dan pasien sembuh (control). Analisis data dengan independent T test dan bivariat dengan metode chi-square untuk melihat hubungan skor mortalitas 4C dengan kejadian kematian pasien.Hasil: Didapatkan nilai skor mortalitas 4C pada kelompok pasien yang meninggal lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien yang sembuh (mean = 8,20 vs 4,05). Didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara skor mortalitas 4C terhadap kejadian kematian pasien COVID-19 (OR = 22,696; 95% CI = 2,82-182,9; p = 0,0034)Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa skor mortalitas 4C pasien COVID-19 menengah dan tinggi berhubungan dengan risiko kejadian kematian pasien.
Generative artificial intelligence in higher education learning: A review based on academic databases
Authors: Andrade-Girón Daniel , Marín-Rodriguez William , Sandivar-Rosas Juana , Carreño-Cisneros Edgardo , Susanibar-Ramirez Edgar , Zuñiga-Rojas Marcelo , Angeles-Morales Julio , Villarreal-Torres Henry
Published: April 2024

Objective. The rapid integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially tools like ChatGPT, into educational sectors has spurred significant academic interest. This review article provides a systematic examination of the current scholarly landscape concerning the use of ChatGPT within higher education. Design/Methodology/Approach. Drawing from a range of academic databases between 2022 and 2024, we meticulously adhere to PRISMA guidelines, evaluating a final set of 28 out of 1740 initial articles based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results/Discussion. Our analysis reveals diverse global contributions predominantly from Asia and identifies a prevalent quantitative research approach among the studies. We delve into the selected articles' geographical distribution, methodologies, and thematic outcomes, highlighting a notable lack of research from Latin America. The review critically assesses the validity, utility, and time optimization aspects of ChatGPT in educational settings, uncovering a positive impact on student learning and time management. However, we pinpoint a significant gap in rigorous experimental research, underscoring the need for studies with random sampling and controlled settings to enhance the external validity of findings. Additionally, we call attention to the ethical considerations and the necessity for higher education institutions to adapt teaching methodologies to incorporate AI effectively. Conclusion. The article concludes with recommendations for future research to address the identified gaps and optimize the educational use of generative AI technologies like ChatGPT.
Virtual academic conferencing: a scoping review of 1984–2021 literature. Novel modalities vs. long standing challenges in scholarly communication
Authors: Olechnicka Agnieszka , Ploszaj Adam , Zegler-Poleska Ewa
Published: April 2024

Objective. This study reviews the literature on virtual academic conferences, which have gained significant attention due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design. We conducted a scoping review, analyzing 147 documents available up to October 5th, 2021. We categorized this literature, identified main themes, examined theoretical approaches, evaluated empirical findings, and synthesized the advantages and disadvantages of virtual academic conferences.
Results. We find that the existing literature on virtual academic conferences is mainly descriptive and lacks a solid theoretical framework for studying the phenomenon. Despite the rapid growth of the literature documenting and discussing virtual conferencing induced by the pandemic, the understanding of the phenomenon is limited.
Conclusions. We provide recommendations for future research on academic virtual conferences: their impact on research productivity, quality, and collaboration; relations to social, economic, and geopolitical inequalities in science; and their environmental aspects. We stress the need for further research encompassing the development of a theoretical framework that will guide empirical studies.
Merkle-Damgård hash functions and blockchains : Securing electronic health records
Authors: Ghanimi Hayder M. A. , Melgarejo-Bolivar Romel P. , Tumi-Figueroa Alfredo , Ray Samrat , Dadheech Pankaj , Sengan Sudhakar
Published: April 2024

The integration of Blockchain (BC) technology with the Merkle-Damgård Structure (M-DS) presents a practical model for securing Electronic Health Records (EHR). This research study examines how these cryptographic mechanisms can be functional to address confidentiality, integrity, and availability concerns when working with specific clinical data. Secure EHR is developed based on the M-DS, which is notable for being capable of generating Collision-Resistant Hash Functions (CRHF). The summary of BC-based technology in the EHR environment enhances access control, allows it to be fixed, and simplifies decentralized access. A decentralized BC system stores the values that have been hashed, resulting in patient EHR using the M-DC, as per the proposed method. As an outcome of smart contracts’ ability to manage access, only persons who have been authorized to access can analyze and alter clinical information. The strategy of the model’s cryptographic mechanism highlights openness and accountability by securing data confidentiality by encryption and by regularly generating a verification record of every transaction. This work discusses an exhaustive method to secure EHR in a clinical system that develops more computer-aided and data-driven over performing a complete assessment of the mathematical models that are enabling MDC and BC Technology within the overall system of EHR security.
Secure multi-party computation in deep learning : Enhancing privacy in distributed neural networks
Authors: Sagar P. Vidya , Ghanimi Hayder M. A. , Prabhu L. Arokia Jesu , Raja L. , Dadheech Pankaj , Sengan Sudhakar
Published: April 2024

Ensuring data privacy while applying Deep Learning (DL) on distributed datasets represents an essential task in the current period of critical data security. Data privacy and accuracy of models are typically impacted by traditional methods. Data privacy is of the most tremendous significance in distributed data settings, and the current research presents a novel model for DL termed Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMPC). The accuracy of the mathematical models and confidentiality of the data are frequently compelled to coexist in conventional methods. In order to enable collaborative DL without compromising private information, the recommended system uses the Paillier Homomorphic Encryption Scheme (PHES). By using innovative cryptographic methods, this decentralized method secures the confidentiality of data without utilizing a Trusted Authority (TA). By performing a thorough assessment of the CIFAR-10 and IMDB datasets, the present study demonstrates that the system the author uses is simple and scalable and that it offers accuracy on par with conventional methods. By presenting an approach for achieving a balance between the two competing demands of data security and computational performance, this method signifies a vast advance forward with a confidentiality DL.
Enhancing digital information concealment through DWT-based coefficient alteration and steganographic technique
Authors: Singh Juhi , Singh Arun Kumar
Published: April 2024

Concealing information within digital images, blending the realms of art and science, has gained heightened significance in contemporary society. As a substantial amount of personal data is readily available on the world wide web in various formats, including text, still-images, and videos, safeguarding this information becomes imperative. This study explores data hiding through the alteration of coefficients using a DWT. Employing the Data Hiding in the Frequency Domain proves to be more advantageous compared to methods in the other domain. The scaling factor emerges as a pivotal parameter, exerting a substantial influence on key performance metrics. The suggested approach enhances the confidentiality, invisibility, and robustness of concealed data by integrating it within the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) coefficients.
Securing digital authentication with cryptographic innovations in intrinsic verification systems
Authors: Gowda V. Dankan , Suneel Sajja , Rahman Mirzanur , Das Gobinda Chandra , Kumar R. Senthil , Prasad K. D. V.
Published: April 2024

In the digital era, authentication system’s security is crucial. This paper discusses the issue of improving digital authentication from the position of cryptographic improvements in intrinsic verification structures. The emphasis is made on creation and implementation of efficient cryptographic protocols that reinforce security in digital authentication procedures. This research focuses on developing a new cryptographic framework that is capable of improving the attack tolerance of intrinsic verification systems against various kinds of cyber-attacks such as identity theft and data breach. This structure takes advantage of innovative cryptographic algorithms, including quantum-resistant techniques that secure authentication records containing sensitive information. The Author conducts further feasibility study of these innovations that can be applied in practical settings, quantifying the success or failure through simulations. The outcomes evidenced significant security features improvements, indicating that such cryptographic developments have the potential to revolutionize digital authentication. This study is not only coming up with the solution, Prescence to current security challenges but also has shown path for development of secure digital authentication system in an interconnected world.
Microbial activity of dark-chestnut soil in winter wheat crops depending on fertiliser application
Authors: Bidnyna Iryna , Lykhovyd Pavlo , Shablia Oleksandr , Serhieiev Leonid , Vlashchuk Oksana
Published: April 2024

Preventing soil degradation is an important task of modern agrarian science. Preservation and increase in beneficial soil microflora are a precondition for satisfactory ecological functioning of soil and its fertility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamics of beneficial soil microflora in winter wheat crops under the impact of mineral fertilisers and Agrobacterium radiobacter on the lands of the south of Ukraine. The study was conducted in threefold replication in the conditions of the Kherson region in 2016- 2020 in the experimental fields of the Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The study used a systematic design, and the following factors were investigated: no fertiliser and Agrobacterium radiobacter; N120P90; N90P60 + Agrobacterium radiobacter; N120P90 + Agrobacterium radiobacter. The study on the microflora composition in the soil layer at 0-30 cm was carried out in the main stages of winter wheat growth and development through the inoculation of nutritious environment. Statistical analysis was performed using the methods of analysis of variance, correlation, and regression analysis. Dynamic changes in the soil biota composition under the influence of the studied factor were established. The slightest response to mineral fertilisers and bacterial preparation application was in ammonifying bacteria, while the strongest response was in cellulosedegrading microorganisms. The winter wheat harvesting revealed a decrease in the number of ammonifying bacteria in the soil, while the number of nitrifying and cellulose-degrading microflora increased significantly. Regression models for the prediction of the number of nitrifying bacteria and cellulose-degrading microorganisms, developed based on experimental data, have great accuracy (the error is 3.78% and 7.79%), and allow determining the adverse effect of phosphorus fertiliser on the microflora of dark-chestnut soil. The study has no analogues in Ukraine and expands theoretical knowledge about the influence of mineral fertilisers and bacterial preparation, containing Agrobacterium radiobacter, on the composition of beneficial microflora of the dark-chestnut soil
Stationärer Handel erlebt Renaissance
Authors: Nusser Bernd
Published: April 2024

Nach dem Boom verliert der Online-Handel wieder an Boden, wie eine Studie für Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz nahelegt. Mit Rabatten allein seien die Käufer aber langfristig nicht in die Läden zu locken.
Mannheimer Modellcharakter
Authors: Boeckh Martin
Published: April 2024

Die Transformation des Mannheimer Energie- und Entsorgungsunternehmens MVV Energie AG zu einem kohlendioxidbefreiten Unternehmen sorgt in Fachkreisen für große Aufmerksamkeit. Viele Mosaiksteine gehören zum Mannheimer Modell, um vor allem Fernwärme und Stromerzeugung einen grünen Charakter zu verleihen. Der Vorstandsvorsitzende Dr. Georg Müller sieht das Unternehmen auf einem guten Weg – aber noch längst nicht am Ziel.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ POLYP ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG BẰNG KỸ THUẬT NỘI SOI CẮT NIÊM MẠC TRONG MÔI TRƯỜNG NƯỚC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH BẮC NINH
Authors: Trần Văn Sơn , Dương Hồng Thái
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả hình ảnh nội soi, mô bệnh học và kết quả điều trị polyp đại trực tràng bằng kỹ thuật nội soi cắt niêm mạc trong môi trường nước tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Bắc Ninh. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 48 bệnh nhân với 116 polyp đại trực tràng nghiên cứu từ tháng 2 đến tháng 10 năm 2023 tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Bắc Ninh. Kết quả: Tỉ lệ Polyp không cuống chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất 84,5%. Vị trí Polyp thường gặp nhất là đại tràng sigma 34,5%. Đa số polyp có kích thước < 10mm (62,1%), kích thước trung bình của polyp là 8,6 ± 4,0 mm. Giải phẫu mô bệnh học Polyp u tuyến chiếm đa số (85,4%). Kết quả cắt polyp qua nội soi bằng kỹ thuật UEMR: có 92,2% polyp đạt kết quả tốt và 7,8% có kết quả đạt. Sau cắt Polyp có 87,1% không chảy máu, 7,8% chảy máu ít và 5,2% chảy máu nhiều. Kết luận: Cắt polyp đại trực tràng bằng kỹ thuật nội soi cắt niêm mạc trong môi trường nước tương đối an toàn và hiệu quả. Phương pháp này có thể cắt được các polyp có kích thước lớn, vị trí khó.
HOẠT ĐỘ ENZYM AST, ALT Ở BỆNH NHÂN SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE
Authors: Trần Quốc Huy , Lục Kim Nhung , Trần Duy Thảo
Published: April 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Sốt xuất huyết Dengue là bệnh truyền nhiễm cấp tính do virus Dengue gây ra, vector truyền bệnh là muỗi Aedes aegypti. Rối loạn chức năng gan là một đặc điểm quan trọng được thấy trong nhiễm trùng virus Dengue. Tác động lên gan thường không có triệu chứng nhưng có mức độ nghiêm trọng khác nhau. Từ hoạt độ transaminase tăng không có triệu chứng đến suy gan tối cấp, các biểu hiện khác nhau là một thách thức lớn đối với các bác sĩ điều trị. Mục tiêu: Khảo sát sự thay đổi hoạt độ AST, ALT và đặc điểm lâm sàng ở bệnh nhân sốt xuất huyết Dengue tại bệnh viện Lê Văn Thịnh năm 2022. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu bệnh nhân từ 18 tuổi trở lên, được chẩn đoán sốt xuất huyết theo tiêu chuẩn của Bộ y tế năm 2019. Kết quả: Trong tổng số 142 bệnh nhân có 108 ca SHXD, 34 ca SXHD có DHCB, không có ca SXHD nặng. Phân bố theo giới tính: 58 (40,8%) bệnh nhân là nam, 84 (59,2%) bệnh nhân nữ. Đặc điểm lâm sàng bao gồm: triệu chứng tiêu hoá (54,9%), đau cơ (32,4%), xuất huyết dưới da (21,1%). Đặc điểm cận lâm sàng bao gồm: 85,9% bệnh nhân tăng AST, 64,7% bệnh nhân tăng ALT. AST có mức độ tăng lớn hơn và gặp nhiều hơn so với mức độ tăng ALT. Mức độ tăng của AST và ALT chủ yếu là mức tăng từ 1 – 3 lần. Mức tăng AST từ 1 – 3 lần gặp nhiều hơn trong nhóm SXHD. Kết luận: Hoạt độ enzym AST, ALT thay đổi trong bệnh sốt xuất huyết Dengue. Cần tầm soát enzym gan thường quy hơn ở bệnh nhân SXHD để phát hiện các trường hợp tổn thương gan sớm, giúp đánh giá và xử trí kịp thời.
TỶ LỆ VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM UNG THƯ PHỔI Ở NHÓM ĐỐI TƯỢNG NGUY CƠ CAO ĐÁNH GIÁ THÔNG QUA CHỤP CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH LỒNG NGỰC LIỀU THẤP
Authors: Trần Hoàng Duy , Nguyễn Văn Thọ , Lê Thị Tuyết Lan , Lương Thị Mỹ Linh , Phan Minh Hoàng , Tô Tố Tố , Bùi Thị Cẩm Thùy , Nguyễn Thị Minh Ngọc , Nguyễn Minh Phương
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tỷ lệ mắc và đặc điểm ung thư phổi bằng chụp cắt lớp vi tính lồng ngực liều thấp ở nhóm dân số nguy cơ cao. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu phân tích cắt ngang trên 169 bệnh nhân có nguy cơ cao đã được thực hiện để đánh giá tỷ lệ mắc ung thư phổi và các đặc điểm ung thư phổi ở nhóm dân số nguy cơ cao. Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình là 62,93 ± 9,31 (năm) và phần lớn là nam giới (91,7%). Trong 169 đối tượng nghiên cứu, có 77 (45,56%) đối tượng bất thường trên cắt lớp vi tính lồng ngực liều thấp và tỷ lệ ung thư phổi là 4 (2,37%). Trong đó ghi nhận 4 trường hợp (2,37%) mắc ung thư phổi, 3 trường hợp ung thư biểu mô tuyến và 1 trường hợp ung thư biểu mô tế bào vảy. Tất cả các trường hợp ung thư phổi đều là nam giới và đã hút thuốc ≥ 30 gói/năm. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ bất thường trên phim cắt lớp vi tính liều thấp trong nhóm dân số có nguy cơ cao tương đối cao.
Primary Immunodeficiency Disease in Malaysia: Where Are We Now?
Authors: Adamu Adamu Sa'idu , Zainudeen Zarina Thasneem , Taib Fahisham , Zolkepli Izzal Asnira , Hashim Ilie Fadzilah , Omar Azizah , Abd Hamid Intan Juliana
Published: April 2024

Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PIDs), also called Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI), are a group of diseases caused by a single gene defect affecting the differentiation or development of the immune system. These diseases usually manifest with increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, autoinflammatory diseases, allergy, bone marrow failure, and/or malignancy. The PID Life Index is a unified continuum of PID care aimed at reducing inter-country gaps and improving patients’ care outcomes. In Malaysia, there has been significant progress in PID care in close to half a century since the first case of PID was discovered. On the other hand, there are bottlenecks facing the progress in PID care in Malaysia. This review was written to assess PID care in Malaysia based on the six components of the PID Life Index.
POTENCIALIZANDO O ENSINO A DISTÂNCIA COM INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: Vieira Anderson Amaro , Lôbo Ítalo Martins , Mulatti Lorena dos Santos Mulatti , Pedra Rodrigo Rodrigues , Ribeiro Rodrigo Vieira
Published: April 2024

This article investigated the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of Distance Education (DE), with the aim of exploring its advantages, disadvantages, and the challenges faced by teachers and students. The research focused on how AI can be employed to promote meaningful learning, using a bibliographic research methodology, as proposed by Severino (2007). This approach involved the critical analysis of existing literature, including relevant case studies and theories pertinent to the use of AI in education. The main authors cited were Castro (2002) and Tavares, Meira, and Amaral (2020), whose works provided insights on the application of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and other AI technologies in education. The literature review highlighted the potential of AI to personalize the learning experience and the associated challenges, such as the need for adequate infrastructure, digital skills, and ethical considerations. A case study from Georgia State University illustrated a successful practical application of AI to prevent student dropout, offering a model for future implementations in DE. The analysis showed that, despite obstacles, the integration of AI in DE has the potential to positively transform education, offering opportunities for more adaptive and personalized learning. In conclusion, the article emphasized the importance of addressing technical, ethical, and pedagogical challenges in adopting AI in education, highlighting the need for careful strategies that ensure the effectiveness and inclusivity of technological interventions in DE.
DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS NA INTEGRAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS E METODOLOGIAS INOVADORAS NO ENSINO
Authors: Da Silva Tatiane Oliveira , Vieira Anderson Amaro , Malta Daniela Paula de Lima Nunes , Da Silva Fábio Junior , Carvalho Fabrísia Maria da Silva
Published: April 2024

This study addresses the challenge of integrating technologies, new pedagogical methodologies, curriculum, and interactivity into the teaching-learning process. Given the rapid technological evolution and societal changes, there is a need to adapt teaching to make it more relevant, interactive, and engaging for students. The main objective of this research was to investigate how this integration could be effectively carried out to promote meaningful learning. The methodology involved analyzing relevant literature, focusing on case studies and research discussing the implementation of pedagogical innovations, such as gamification. The findings indicated that the integration of these technologies and methodologies increases student engagement and improves the learning process. However, challenges were identified, including the need for infrastructure, teacher training, and curriculum adaptation. The concluding remarks highlight the importance of a holistic approach in education that considers revising pedagogical practices and curricula to effect the desired transformation in teaching. This joint effort among educators, managers, and policymakers is essential to overcome obstacles and maximize the benefits of pedagogical innovations.
GAMIFICAÇÃO E MOTIVAÇÃO NO APRENDIZADO
Authors: Ramos Dayana Passos , Araújo Flaviane Regina de Sousa , Rancan Graziele , Júnior Hermócrates Gomes Melo , De Bona Michael
Published: April 2024

This study explored the impact of gamification on student motivation, examining how the application of game elements and mechanics in educational contexts can enhance engagement, knowledge retention, and academic performance. The primary aim was to analyze the effectiveness of gamification as a pedagogical strategy to increase student motivation. The methodology involved a literature review, focusing on studies assessing the implementation and outcomes of gamification in education. Findings indicated a positive relationship between gamification and increased student motivation, supported by alignment with motivation theories and effective integration of technologies like virtual reality. Challenges such as balancing ludic and educational elements and teacher training were identified. Final considerations highlighted gamification’s potential to revitalize pedagogical practices despite implementation hurdles. Future prospects point towards an expansion of gamification, driven by technological advancements and greater acceptance of innovative teaching methods.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO ADAPTADAS PARA ALUNOS COM BAIXA VISÃO
Authors: Neves Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira , Da Silva Géssica dos Santos , Cunha Luzia Cecilia da Silva , Moreira Marineuza Mendes , Dos Santos Rudimaria
Published: April 2024

This bibliographic review addressed the challenge of implementing teaching strategies adapted for students with low vision, aiming to promote an inclusive and effective education. The general objective was to explore and analyze pedagogical strategies, assistive technologies, and curricular adaptations that facilitate learning for these students. The methodology consisted of a literature review, involving the analysis of relevant documents and studies on the subject. The results highlighted the importance of specific teacher training, the implementation of assistive technologies such as augmented reality and Soroban, and the need for curricular adaptations to meet the individual needs of students. The analysis indicated that, although there are significant advances in inclusion policies and assistive technologies, challenges such as teacher training and accessibility of educational resources persist. The final considerations emphasized the need for continuous efforts to overcome these obstacles, promoting an inclusive and accessible educational environment.
INTEGRAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: DESAFIOS E POTENCIAIS
Authors: De Sá Gilmara Benício , Pereira Adilson Lima , Pinto Alan Carlos Pereira , Filho Elzo Brito dos Santos , Oliveira Jacson King Valério
Published: April 2024

This study explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in distance education, inspired by the pedagogical intervention experience of Pereira et al. (2023). The focus is on the benefits, challenges and practical implications of implementing AI in this context. Personalizing learning and improving educational efficiency in the digital environment are fundamental to the relevance of this topic. The general objective is to investigate how AI can be used to enrich distance teaching and learning, using a successful practical example as a reference and discussing the advantages and disadvantages of its adoption. The analysis focuses on how personalizing learning through AI can optimize educational resources and provide immediate feedback, while addressing significant challenges such as issues of privacy, ethics, and equitable access to technologies. The conclusions highlight the importance of teacher training, the development of appropriate educational policies and collaboration between different stakeholders to overcome obstacles and maximize the potential of AI in distance education. Despite the challenges, it is concluded that the benefits of integrating AI into distance education justify continued efforts in research and application.
Identification of Alzheimer's disease using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Nnah Cedric Obundaa , Zhang Yu-Dong
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a brain disease has caused a progressive, devastating effect on the memory and general mental and physical coordination of victims. The impact on victims is irreversible, and the cause has yet to be identified. The treatment at full-blown can be difficult, but it could be properly managed in the early phase. Hence, there is a need for an efficient and effective early diagnosis. Machine learning techniques have proved to be successful in image classification. It was on this premise that this paper adopted a machine learning approach. The approach used a convolutional neural network with transfer learning to classify structural Magnetic Resonance Images (sMRI) into a multi-classification of 3 classes. The classes were Normal Cognitive (NC), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). K-fold cross validation was employed to validate the test set. The sMRI subjects included 97 NC, 57 MCI, and 24 AD patients. The proposed method achieved an overall accuracy of 94% on classification based on the multiclass classification.
Suomalais-virolaisesta musiikkitieteen tutkimusyhteistyöstä
Authors: Tyrväinen Helena
Published: April 2024

Musiikin vuoden 2023 viimeisestä numerosta ’Baltian maiden ja Itämeren alueen musiikki, musiikillinen yhteiskunta, ilmiöt ja verkostot’ (Vol. 53 nro 4) selviää, että suomalainen musiikintutkimus on ottamassa uudelleen haltuunsa Itämeren alueen musiikinhistorian tutkimusta. Akatemiatutkija Nuppu Koivisto-Kaasikin ja päätoimittaja Tuire Ranta-Meyerin teemanumeron problematiikkaa esittelevästä pääkirjoituksesta ’Paikallisia, kansallisia ja ylirajaisia musiikintutkimuksen näkökulmia Itämeren alueen ja Baltian maiden viitekehyksessä’ käy kiinnostavasti ilmi, että näkökulmat ja teorianmuodostus ovat uusia. Niistä oli antoisaa lukea.
Using OMPS-LP color ratio to extract stratospheric aerosol particle median radius and concentration with application to two volcanic eruptions
Authors: Wang Yi , Schoeberl Mark , Taha Ghassan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. We derive stratospheric aerosol microphysical parameters from Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite Limb Profiler (OMPS-LP) satellite measurements using aerosol extinction coefficient ratios at two wavelengths (the color ratio), which is sensitive to the particle radius, and concentration. We estimate various sources of uncertainty in this technique including extinction coefficient measurement error, sensitivity to the size distribution width assumption, and the OMPS-LP algorithm phase function error. We apply our algorithm to extinction coefficient measurements made by the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment on the International Space Station (SAGE III/ISS) to verify our approach and find that our results are in good agreement. Our results also compare favorably to balloon borne particle size measurements and concentrations under ambient condition and 2019 Raikoke volcanic eruption assuming a log-normal particle size distribution width of 1.6. We also estimate the changes in aerosol median radius and concentration following the 2019 Raikoke and 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruptions and the result is consistent with other retrievals published in the literature.
Assessment of seasonal soil moisture forecasts over Central Mediterranean toward groundwater management
Authors: Silvestri Lorenzo , Saraceni Miriam , Passadore Giulia , Bongioannini Cerlini Paolina
Published: April 2024

Abstract. It is highly likely that the Mediterranean region will experience increased aridity and hydrological droughts. Therefore, seasonal forecasts of soil moisture can be a valuable resource for groundwater management. However, their accuracy in this region has not been evaluated against observations. This paper presents an evaluation of soil moisture in the Central Mediterranean region during the period 2001–2021 using the seasonal forecast system SEAS5. Standardized anomalies of soil moisture are compared with observed values in ERA5 reanalysis. In terms of the average magnitude of the forecast error and the anomaly correlation coefficient, the forecasts demonstrate good performance only in certain regions of the domain for the deepest soil layer at 289 cm, the most interesting for groundwater management. No clear overlap with specific land features such as orography, land cover, or distance from the coast has been observed with respect to the forecast performance. Accordingly, seasonal forecasts can be used to detect wet and dry events for the deepest soil layer in certain regions, with lead-times of up to 6 months. In these regions, the area under the Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve can reach values larger than 0.8. Dry events are generally better captured than wet events for all soil layers. We also analyzed the effectiveness of seasonal forecasts in predicting wet and dry events in Northern and Central Italy for the 2012–2013 period, with a lead-time of 6 months. We found that seasonal forecasting has great potential for groundwater management in certain areas of the Central Mediterranean. However, improvements are needed in observations, data assimilation methods, and the seasonal forecasting system to ensure reliable forecasts for upper soil layers and other regions.
The impact of nanostructure on hygroscopicity and reactivity of fatty acid atmospheric aerosol proxies
Authors: Milsom Adam , Squires Adam M. , Laurence Ben , Wōden Ben , Smith Andrew J. , Ward Andrew D. , Pfrang Christian
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol hygroscopicity and reactivity play key roles in determining the aerosol’s fate and are strongly affected by its composition and physical properties. Fatty acids are surfactants commonly found in organic aerosol emissions. They form a wide range of different nanostructures dependent on water content and mixture composition. In this study we follow nano-structural changes in mixtures frequently found in urban organic aerosol emissions, i.e. oleic acid, sodium oleate and fructose, during humidity change and exposure to the atmospheric oxidant ozone. Addition of fructose altered the nanostructure by inducing molecular arrangements with increased surfactant-water interface curvature. Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) was employed for the first time to derive the hygroscopicity of each nanostructure by measuring time- and humidity-resolved changes in nano-structural parameters. We found that hygroscopicity is directly linked to the specific nanostructure and is dependent on the nanostructure geometry. Reaction with ozone revealed a clear nanostructure-reactivity trend, with notable differences between the individual nanostructures investigated. Simultaneous Raman microscopy complementing the SAXS studies revealed the persistence of oleic acid even after extensive oxidation. Our findings demonstrate that self-assembly of fatty acid nanostructures can significantly impact two key atmospheric aerosol processes: water uptake and chemical reactivity, thus directly affecting the atmospheric lifetime of these materials. This could have significant impacts on both urban air quality (e.g. protecting harmful urban emissions from atmospheric degradation and therefore enabling their long-range transport), and climate (e.g. affecting cloud formation), with implications for human health and wellbeing.
Observations of Tall-Building Wakes Using a Scanning Doppler Lidar
Authors: Theeuwes Natalie E. , Barlow Janet F. , Mannisenaho Antti , Hertwig Denise , O'Connor Ewan , Robins Alan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. High-rise buildings, increasingly a feature of many large cities, impact local atmospheric flow conditions. Tall building wakes affect air quality downstream due to turbulent mixing and require parametrization in dispersion models. Previous studies using numerical or physical modelling have been idealised and under neutral conditions. There has been a lack of data available in real urban environments due to the difficulty in deploying traditional wind sensors. Doppler wind lidars (DWLs) have been used frequently for studying wind turbine wakes but never building wakes. This study is a year-long deployment of a DWL in a complex urban environment studying tall building wakes under atmospheric conditions. A HALO Photonic Streamline DWL was deployed in a low- and mid-rise densely packed area in central London. From its roof-top position (33.5 m agl compared to mean building height 12.5 m), Velocity Azimuth Display (VAD) scans at zero-degree elevation intersected with two, taller nearby buildings of 90 and 40 m agl. Using an ensemble averaging approach, wake dimensions were investigated in terms of wind direction, stability and wind speed. Boundary-layer stability categories were defined using eddy covariance observations from the BT Tower (191 m) and mixing height estimations from vertical stare scans. A method for calculating normalised velocity deficit from VAD scans is presented. For neutral conditions, wake dimensions around both buildings for the prevailing wind direction were compared with the ADMS-Build wake model for a single, isolated cube. The model underpredicts wakes dimensions, confirming previous wind tunnel findings for the same area. Under varying stability, unstable and deep boundary layers were shown to produce shorter, narrower wakes. Typical observed wake lengths were 120–300 m and widths were 80–150 m and were reduced by 50–100 m downwind. Stable and shallow boundary layers were less frequent and produced an insignificant difference in wake dimensions to neutral conditions. The sensitivity to stability was weakened by enhanced turbulence upstream (i.e., due to other building wakes). Weakened stability dependence was confirmed if there were more obstacles upstream as the wind direction incident on the buildings changed. The results highlight the potential for future wake studies using multiple DWLs deploying both vertical and horizontal scan patterns. Dispersion models should incorporate the effect of a complex urban canopy within which tall buildings are embedded.
A storyline-based approach towards changing typhoon intensities over the Pearl River Delta under future conditions using Pseudo-Global Warming
Authors: Olschewski Patrick , Sun Qi , Wei Jianhui , Li Yu , Tian Zhan , Sun Laixiang , Arnault Joël , Schober Tanja C. , Böker Brian , Kunstmann Harald , Laux Patrick
Published: April 2024

Abstract. During the Pacific typhoon season of 2023, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) was hit by a series of typhoons, causing unprecedented precipitation as well as fatalities and significant damages. There are indications that these events may intensify under climate change. However, the unfolding of similar events in the future is yet to be fully understood. We therefore conducted an investigation of historical typhoon events affecting the PRD using Pseudo-Global Warming. Within this framework, we perturbed the historical initial and boundary conditions obtained from ERA5 reanalysis and handed to the regional model WRF according to the climate change signal projected by the CMIP6 ensemble under SSP5-8.5. We pursued a storyline-based approach, in which each of the 16 selected CMIP6 models acted as the basis for an individual storyline of future typhoon intensity. Additionally, we created two storylines based on thermodynamic drivers to create scenarios with excessively favorable and unfavorable conditions for typhoon intensification, resulting in 18 storylines that were assessed for seven representative typhoons. WRF was set up in a two-way nesting framework using domains of 25 km and 5 km resolution, of which the latter was used for further assessment. For each typhoon, the simulations were initiated at the start of the first intensification phase and statistically assessed until landfall. Minimum sea level pressure, maximum wind speed, mean and maximum 1-hourly precipitation rates as well as the integrated kinetic energy (IKE) as an advanced measure for typhoon damage potential were used to determine typhoon intensity. Results indicate a general increase in typhoon intensity across all metrics for six of the seven inspected typhoons. This increase is notably higher for specific storylines, and the projected increase in the extreme values of the inspected metrics significantly exceed the median change of all storylines. This indicates that the true potential range may lie above what would be expected under a median approach. The results suggest a maximum decrease of up to 15 hPa for minimum central pressure, 11 m s-1 increase for maximum wind speed, 2.5 mm h-1 for mean and 50 mm h-1 for maximum precipitation rates. The two additional storylines revealed an even higher intensity increase in the form of central minimum pressure decreases and wind maxima increases for two typhoons, but mostly resembled the span provided by the 16 GCM-based storylines. These results can support the optimization of the development of protective measures considering the improved range of intensity potential.