bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The HPV-TP53-MALAT1 Axis: Unravelling interactions in cervical cancer development
Authors: Iordanishvili Saba , Metreveli Tornike , Lipartia Elene , Gachechiladze Konstantine , Khuntsaria Irakli , Qobulashvili Tamar , Jorbenadze Mariam , Revazishvili Tamaz , Kldiashvili Ekaterina , Kaufmann Andreas Martin
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Cervical cancer, primarily driven by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, stands as a substantial global health challenge. The TP53 gene’s, Arg72Pro polymorphism has emerged as a noteworthy player in cervical cancer development, particularly among individuals harboring high-risk (HR) HPV types. Additionally, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), exemplified by metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), exert critical roles in cancer biology. This study delves into unravelling the intricate connections linking HPV infection, TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism, and MALAT1 expression in the context of cervical cancer.

Materials and methods

Within a cohort of cervical cancer patients, we discerned HPV infection statuses, executed genotyping for the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism, and quantified MALAT1 expression through quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses meticulously probed relationships intertwining HPV infection, TP53 polymorphism, and MALAT1 expression.

Findings

Our investigation revealed a striking prevalence of the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism among HPV-positive subjects, accompanied by a robust and statistically significant correlation linking MALAT1 overexpression (p<0.01) and HR-HPV positivity (p<0.03). Importantly, a subset of MALAT1 overexpression cases unveiled a concomitant TP53 Pro72Pro polymorphism. In contrast, HPV-negative invasive cervical carcinoma samples exhibited no discernible shifts in MALAT1 expression.

Conclusion

The contours of our findings sketch a compelling landscape wherein HR-HPV infection, TP53 polymorphism, and MALAT1 expression intertwine significantly in cervical cancer. The voyage ahead entails delving deeper into molecular underpinnings to decipher MALAT1’s nuanced role and its dance with TP53 within HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis. This expedition promises insights that may engender targeted therapeutic interventions and bespoke prognostic markers, tailored to the realm of HR-HPV-related cervical cancer.
Establishment of anti-asialo-GM1 rabbit monoclonal antibodies capable of reducing natural killer cell activity in mice
Authors: Kimura Tatsuji , Ohta Satoshi , Murayama Hiroshi
Published: October 2023

Rabbit anti-asialo-GM1 (ASGM1) serum or polyclonal antibodies can eliminate mouse splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitro and in vivo. We developed rabbit monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against ASGM1 using a single-cell analysis and isolation system. Five mAbs (GA109, GA115, GA116, GA131, and GA134) that were reactive to ASGM1 were isolated from the spleen lymphocytes of rabbits immunized with ASGM1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography immunostaining results showed that the mAbs strongly reacted with ASGM1. Two mAbs (GA116 and GA134) reacted exclusively with ASGM1, whereas three mAbs (GA109, GA115, and GA131) showed slight or considerable cross-reactivity with GM1. The administration of the mAbs (4–20 μg) to BALB/c mice completely abolished NK cell activity in vivo. The anti-ASGM1 rabbit mAbs obtained in this study may provide a useful and reproducible tool for various future studies, such as depleting NK cell activity to enhance xenograft engraftment in mouse models.
Anti-corruption and bank performance: Evidence from a socialist-oriented economy
Authors: Nguyen Thang Xuan
Published: October 2023

This current study aims to investigate the impact of anti-corruption on bank performance in Vietnam, an emerging socialist country with a high level of perceived corruption. An increasing number of financial frauds and corruption have been made public in Vietnam as a result of a vigorous anti-corruption drive in the country. Using a news-based approach to measure anti-corruption in Vietnam, the results of our empirical analysis suggest that anti-corruption has a positive impact on the profitability of Vietnamese commercial banks, however, it manifests in the long term. We do not find an immediate impact of anti-corruption on overall bank performance, but we find that bank profit per branch increases under intensified anti-corruption in the country, suggesting that optimizing branch structure is important to Vietnamese bank under uncertainty.
Cellular iron governs the host response to malaria
Authors: Wideman Sarah K. , Frost Joe N. , Richter Felix C. , Naylor Caitlin , Lopes José M. , Viveiros Nicole , Teh Megan R. , Preston Alexandra E. , White Natasha , Yusuf Shamsideen , Draper Simon J. , Armitage Andrew E. , Duarte Tiago L. , Drakesmith Hal
Published: October 2023

Malaria and iron deficiency are major global health problems with extensive epidemiological overlap. Iron deficiency-induced anaemia can protect the host from malaria by limiting parasite growth. On the other hand, iron deficiency can significantly disrupt immune cell function. However, the impact of host cell iron scarcity beyond anaemia remains elusive in malaria. To address this, we employed a transgenic mouse model carrying a mutation in the transferrin receptor (TfrcY20H/Y20H), which limits the ability of cells to internalise iron from plasma. At homeostasis TfrcY20H/Y20H mice appear healthy and are not anaemic. However, TfrcY20H/Y20H mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS showed significantly higher peak parasitaemia and body weight loss. We found that TfrcY20H/Y20H mice displayed a similar trajectory of malaria-induced anaemia as wild-type mice, and elevated circulating iron did not increase peak parasitaemia. Instead, P. chabaudi infected TfrcY20H/Y20H mice had an impaired innate and adaptive immune response, marked by decreased cell proliferation and cytokine production. Moreover, we demonstrated that these immune cell impairments were cell-intrinsic, as ex vivo iron supplementation fully recovered CD4+ T cell and B cell function. Despite the inhibited immune response and increased parasitaemia, TfrcY20H/Y20H mice displayed mitigated liver damage, characterised by decreased parasite sequestration in the liver and an attenuated hepatic immune response. Together, these results show that host cell iron scarcity inhibits the immune response but prevents excessive hepatic tissue damage during malaria infection. These divergent effects shed light on the role of iron in the complex balance between protection and pathology in malaria.
Phenotype and fate of liver-resident CD8 T cells during acute and chronic hepacivirus infection
Authors: Dravid Piyush , Murthy Satyapramod , Attia Zayed , Cassady Cole , Chandra Rahul , Trivedi Sheetal , Vyas Ashish , Gridley John , Holland Brantley , Kumari Anuradha , Grakoui Arash , Cullen John M. , Walker Christopher M. , Sharma Himanshu , Kapoor Amit
Published: October 2023

Immune correlates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance and control remain poorly defined due to the lack of an informative animal model. We recently described acute and chronic rodent HCV-like virus (RHV) infections in lab mice. Here, we developed MHC class I and class II tetramers to characterize the serial changes in RHV-specific CD8 and CD4 T cells during acute and chronic infection in C57BL/6J mice. RHV infection induced rapid expansion of T cells targeting viral structural and nonstructural proteins. After virus clearance, the virus-specific T cells transitioned from effectors to long-lived liver-resident memory T cells (TRM). The effector and memory CD8 and CD4 T cells primarily produced Th1 cytokines, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, upon ex vivo antigen stimulation, and their phenotype and transcriptome differed significantly between the liver and spleen. Rapid clearance of RHV reinfection coincided with the proliferation of virus-specific CD8 TRM cells in the liver. Chronic RHV infection was associated with the exhaustion of CD8 T cells (Tex) and the development of severe liver diseases. Interestingly, the virus-specific CD8 Tex cells continued proliferation in the liver despite the persistent high-titer viremia and retained partial antiviral functions, as evident from their ability to degranulate and produce IFN-γ upon ex vivo antigen stimulation. Thus, RHV infection in mice provides a unique model to study the function and fate of liver-resident T cells during acute and chronic hepatotropic infection.
Fertilization of Maize Crops Using Active Sensor
Authors: Kubiak-Siwińska Katarzyna , Kotlarz Jan
Published: October 2023

Nitrogen is an important macronutrient of biomass because it plays an important role in metabolic processes, protein production, amino acid synthesis, enzymes, hormones and is a component of chlorophyll. The assessment of its deficiencies in maize crops is the subject of scientific research. The article presents the results of measurements in controlled laboratory conditions of remote sensing indices of maize cultivated in fertilization variants of 0–150 kg . N/ha. The proposed method of assessing nitrogen deficiency using the Crop Circle sensor allows for autonomous control of precise soil fertilization in the designed solution of a field robot.
Two-source Bridges as a New Kind of Measuring Systems
Authors: Warsza Zygmunt Lech
Published: October 2023

The paper discusses the basic relationships and the state of research on a new type of bridge measurement systems with two outputs from both diagonals of a four-arm bridge. Their measuring circuits contain either two current sources or two voltage sources respectively unconventionally connected to opposite branches of these circuits. With direct current (DC), these bridges, after balancing the outputs of each of the diagonals, will enable measurements of two resistances (or two conductances) of their arms. As deflection bridges - they measure simultaneously increments of these resistances from balanced states in diagonals. The formulas for the voltages of both outputs of the systems and the balance conditions for each of them are given. As an example of application, the simultaneous measurement of stress and temperature increase with a differential two-element strain gauge was considered. The current state of theoretical work and the results of several experimental constructions of measuring instruments with a two-current bridge are briefly characterized.
“ONDE ESTÃO AS PESSOAS TRANS?”: TEMÁTICA DA TRANSGENERIDADE NA GRADUAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Morais Andréia Vanessa Carneiro de , Jesus Marília Emanuela Ferreira de , Santos Izabel Conceição , Conceição Lanna Katherine Leitão , Santiago Thalia Nepomuceno Santos , Santana Bianca Conceição Gomes de , Cortes Helena Moraes , Oliveira Jeane Freitas de
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Investigar se/como a transgeneridade é abordada nos cursos de graduação em Enfermagem das Universidades Federais Brasileiras. Métodos: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, de base documental, do tipo analítico-descritivo, que utilizou dados provenientes do portal e-Mec, Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso, ementas de componentes curriculares e informações dos grupos de pesquisas cadastrados no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do Brasil. Resultados: Foram identificadas 51 universidades, das quais 21 abordam a temática da transgeneridade em seu Projeto Pedagógico de Curso e 21 grupos de pesquisa que trabalham com a temática, distribuídos em todas as regiões do Território Nacional. Conclusão:  De acordo com os resultados, a temática da transgeneridade vem ocupando espaço nas Universidades Federais Brasileiras, no entanto é imprescindível a ampliação dos espaços de formação, sobretudo incorporando a perspectiva e produção de pesquisadoras/es trans, afim de garantir a pluralidade desse ambiente e subsídio para as futuras atuações profissionais.
TEMPOS DESIGUAIS NA MOBILIDADE: HOMENS E MULHERES LENTOS NA METRÓPOLE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Silva Ricardo Barbosa da
Published: October 2023

Um dos problemas marcantes da metrópole de São Paulo, típica de um país periférico como o Brasil, é a desigualdade nos tempos de deslocamentos na mobilidade cotidiana. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender os tempos desiguais na mobilidade cotidiana a partir da perspectiva dos homens e mulheres lentos da metrópole de São Paulo. A metodologia é baseada em uma análise empírica da proposição teórico-filosófica dos homens lentos de Milton Santos, a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Para a primeira, foram utilizados os microdados da pesquisa Origem e Destino do Metrô de São Paulo, dos anos de 1997, 2007 e 2017. Já a abordagem qualitativa baseou-se nos relatos de participantes da pesquisa em oficinas de mapeamento colaborativo digital, sobre as vivências e experiências de moradores das periferias na mobilidade cotidiana. Os homens e mulheres lentos são pessoas comuns, moradores das periferias pobres da metrópole de São Paulo, que refletem sobre sua condição ao atravessarem a cidade para trabalhar em precários transportes coletivos.
CONSERVAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS NAS ÁREAS RURAIS: PESQUISA BIBLIOMÉTRICA SOBRE PAGAMENTO POR SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS EM BASE DE DADOS DE ACESSO LIVRE
Authors: Lacerda Liliane , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de
Published: October 2023

A atual escala de intervenção antrópica na dinâmica dos ecossistemas, principalmente nas áreas rurais, vem alterando o fluxo de benefícios providos pela água. Programas de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) hídricos têm estimulado mudanças de comportamento ao compensar financeiramente proprietários rurais em troca da garantia do fornecimento de serviços ambientais. Sendo assim, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliométrica, buscou-se levantar as publicações brasileiras que abordam o tema PSA e a conservação dos recursos hídricos nas áreas rurais, utilizando para isso a base de dados de Acesso Livre Google Scholar, rede social ResearchGate e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. A pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória e descritiva, com análise documental quantitativa. Os PSA vêm ocupando cada vez mais espaço na agenda ambiental brasileira por serem capazes de manter a relação sociedade e natureza em equilíbrio, se tornando fundamental a divulgação desse aprendizado nas mais variadas fontes de dados como forma de popularizar a ciência, ampliar o alcance da pesquisa, inspirar novas iniciativas e mobilizar os tomadores de decisão para o fortalecimento dessa importante política pública. Apesar das limitações do Google Scholar e ResearchGate, ambas as plataformas são úteis para dar visibilidade e ampliar o alcance das publicações científicas relacionadas aos temas ambientais.
MONITORAMENTO MENSAL DE RESERVATÓRIOS HÍDRICOS SUPERFICIAIS DO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ (BRASIL) UTILIZANDO IMAGENS DE SATÉLITE E COMPUTAÇÃO EM NUVEM (2015 – 2021)
Authors: Morais Reurysson Chagas de Sousa
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi monitorar a variação da extensão superficial da água de oito reservatórios do estado do Piauí, Brasil, e avaliar a influência da precipitação sobre elas. O monitoramento mensal foi executado no período de 2015 e 2021 com base no Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), gerado com imagens do satélite Sentinel-2, sensor MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI), utilizando o Google Earth Engine. A associação entre a extensão superficial da água e precipitação foi avaliada com base na matriz de correlação. Os resultados indicam que a Lagoa do Portinho e barragem de Bocaina vêm em processo de recuperação do volume armazenado refletindo no aumento da extensão da superfície da água, oposto do observado na Lagoa de Parnaguá. Considerando todos os reservatórios, observou-se fraca correlação negativa entre os parâmetros analisados. Contudo, dados da Lagoa do Portinho e barragens Mesas de Pedra, Jenipapo e Algodões II demonstraram correlação positiva moderada entre a extensão superficial da água e as precipitações registradas nos meses anteriores. Os dados sugerem que outros fatores possam estar interferindo dos estoques hídricos, como as modificações na cobertura e uso da terra, derivações clandestinas, bem como as contribuições de águas subterrâneas.
Entrevista com Alireza Sadr
Authors: Sadr Alireza , Giannini Marcelo , Garcia Rubens Nazareno
Published: October 2023

Dr. Sadr é Professor Associado do Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Diretor de Treinamento Pré-Clinico em Odontologia Operatória e Diretor Associado do Laboratório de Biomimética, Biomateriais, Biofotônioa, Biomecânica e Teonologia (B4T) da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Washington. Ele também é Professor Adjunto Colaborador na divisão de Cariologia e Odontologia Operatória da Universidade de Medioina e Odontologia de Tóquio (TMDU). O Dr. Sadr é Doutor em Odontologia pela Universidade Nacional do Irá (SBMU) e Doutor em Ciéncias Odontológicas pela TMDU, onde recebeu treinamento clínico avançado em Odontologia Restauradora, com foco em restaurações adesivas.
Avaliação da rugosidade superficial obtida pela aplicação de ácido fluorídrico a 10% vencido, em cerâmicas reforçadas por dissilicato de lítio
Authors: Miranda Diogo de Azevedo , Mendonça Laura Paes Baptista de Oliveira , Gripp Rayane da Silva , Souza Tayná Ventura de
Published: October 2023

Introdução: As cerâmicas odontológicas são amplamente utilizadas para restaurações de dentes anteriores e posteriores, e a longevidade dessas restaurações está diretamente relacionada à resistência conferida à peça. O ácido fluorídrico (AF) é um dos agentes mais utilizados na interação do cimento com a peça. Objetivo: Avaliar a rugosidade superficial promovida pela aplicação por 20 segundos de ácido fluorídrico a 10%, vencido há 8 dias. Métodos: Foram confeccionados 16 corpos de prova em cerâmica reforçada por dissilicato de lítio, divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com a validade do AF. No Grupo A, foi realizada a leitura da perfilometria antes e após a aplicação do AF (validade outubro/2020). O Grupo B passou pelo mesmo processo; entretanto, o AF estava vencido há 8 dias (agosto/2019). Médias de rugosidade da superfície foram obtidas por análise perfilométrica tridimensional. Resultados: Após análise estatística, pôde-se verificar que houve diferença significativa (p < 0,05) entre os Grupos A e B, sendo que o Grupo B apresentou menores médias diferenciais de rugosidade, além de imagens com menor variação de picos e vales. Discussão: Após o prazo de validade, o AF sofre degradação da sua composição química, tornando-se um produto mais básico, com menor potencial de promover rugosidade. Dessa forma, a cerâmica condicionada com o produto vencido fica com propriedades mecânicas comprometidas. Conclusão: O prazo de validade do AF interfere diretamente na sua efetividade, uma vez que seu ponto de ebulição é baixo, reduzindo a rugosidade e as propriedades mecânicas das peças reforçadas por dissilicato de lítio.
Penentuan Indeks Kualitas Air Sungai Bedadung Kabupaten Jember Menggunakan Metode IP dan NSF-WQI
Authors: Novita Elida , Firmansyah Jefri Wahyudi , Pradana Hendra Andiananta
Published: October 2023

Good water quality is a support in the sustainability of living things. Monitoring the status of water needs to be done to determine the quality of water and make a basic reference in making decisions for Water Quality Management. The research is aimed to assess the water quality status of the Bedadung River in Rambipuji, Balung and Puger districts using IP and NSF-WQI methods. Sampling was carried out in August 2021 at 4 points using primary data. The results showed that the parameters exceeded the quality standard, namely total phosphate, TSS and fecal coliform. Pollution index calculation shows Bedadung waters classified as Grade 3 quality standard. Based on the NSF - WQI method, the status of Bedadung River is classified as medium category
Technical, Economic, and Environmental Review of Waste to Energy Technologies from Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Jamilatun Siti , Pitoyo Joko , Setyawan Martomo
Published: October 2023

Global municipal solid waste production and electricity demand gradually increased as a result of urbanization, population increase, and economic growth. The appropriate selection of Waste to energy (WTE) technologies needs consideration of energy efficiency, financial, and environmental aspects. This article discusses the technical, financial, and environmental side of existing WTE technologies. Waste-to-energy (WTE) technologies include thermal, physical, biochemical, and bio-electrochemical technology. Pyrolysis, gasification, and incineration are thermal technology used to generate energy from waste in the form of heat and syn-gas. Anaerobic digestion and landfill are biochemical technology to to generate energy from waste in the form of biogas. Physical technology is used to to generate energy from waste in the form of refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Microbial fuel cells (MFC) and microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) are the most recent WTE technology that produces electricity and hydrogen fuel. The results of the assessment of existing technology show that anaerobic digestion and landfill are low-cost WTE technology but have a low potential for energy generation. Plasma gasification is WTE technology with a high potential for energy generation, cold gas efficiency (CGE), carbon conversion efficiency (CCE), and H2/CO ratio, low CO2 emissions, and high operating costs. MEC has a high H2-potential for energy generation, low CO2 emissions, and the highest capital cost. Incineration is a common conversion technology with a low potential for energy generation, high CO2 emissions, and high capital costs. The selection of WTE technologies is influenced by technical, economic, and environmental factors.
Inventarisasi Emisi dari Sektor Transportasi Darat di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Rahmasari Rizki Nur , Jati Dian Rahayu , Jumiati Jumiati
Published: October 2023

Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan polusi udara yaitu dengan melakukan pengendalian pencemaran udara, salah satunya dengan cara  melakukan inventarisasi emisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung beban emisi CO, NOx, SO2, dan PM10 yang dihasilkan oleh sektor transportasi di Kota Pontianak, serta untuk menentukan jenis kendaraan bermotor yang paling berkontribusi dalam menghasilkan emisi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua pendekatan perhitungan yaitu berbasis VKT dan berbasis konsumsi bahan bakar. Melalui penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat dievaluasi besarnya beban emisi dari sektor transportasi dan diidentifikasi jenis kendaraan bermotor yang perlu mendapat perhatian dalam pengendalian emisi di Kota Pontianak. Penelitian dilakukan di enam kecamatan Kota Pontianak dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 467 kendaraan bermotor untuk mendapatkan data  VKT kendaraan dan  konsumsi bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor, dengan jenis kendaraan bermotor yang diteliti yaitu sepeda motor, mobil penumpang, sedan, pikap, dan truk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan beban emisi di Kota Pontianak dengan pendekatan VKT pada tahun 2020 yaitu menghasilkan CO sebesar 5376.9 ton/tahun, NOx sebesar 365.9 ton/tahun, SO2 sebesar 16.5 ton/tahun, dan PM10 sebesar 69.3 ton/tahun sementara perhitungan beban emisi dengan pendekatan konsumsi bahan bakar pada tahun 2020 yaitu menghasilkan CO sebesar 63059.1 ton/tahun, NOx sebesar 2090.1 ton/tahun, SO2 sebesar 11.3 ton/tahun, dan PM10 sebesar 404.1 ton/tahun. Adapun jenis kendaraan bermotor yang paling berkontribusi dalam menghasilkan emisi CO, NOx, SO2 dan PM10 di Kota Pontianak yaitu: truk, sepeda motor, dan mobil penumpang.
Perolehan Legal Entity dan Legal Product bagi UMKM
Authors: Purwaningsih Endang , Anisariza Nelly Ulfah , Basrowi Basrowi
Published: October 2023

Pentingnya legal entity dan legal product bagi kegiatan usaha yang kompetitif, tapi masih rendahnya pemahaman pelaku UMKM tentang legal entity dan legal produk yang mereka hasilkan. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana legal entity dan legal product yang dipahami oleh para pelaku Usaha Menengah Kecil Menengah (UMKM), dan motivasi para pelaku UMKM untuk mendapatkan kedua aspek tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan participatoris, pendekatan statute, pendekatan legal-sosiologis, dan sumber data meliputi data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa literasi atau tingkat pemahaman dan motivasi pelaku UMKM Jawa Tengah terhadap pentingnya legal entity and legal product tinggi dan  model yang tepat untuk memotivasi para pelaku UMKM mendapatkan  legal entity and legal product, adalah pemberdayaan yang terus menerus dengan melibatkan peran stakeholders antara lain, Dinas Koperasi dan UKM serta dinas terkait, perbankan, notaris, perguruan tinggi, perkumpulan UMKM, dan DUDI. Kesimpulannya, legal entity dan legal product telah dipahami dengan baik oleh pelaku UMKM, dan untuk mendapatkan legal entity dan legal produk perlu dukungan dari semua pihak dan pendampingan dari kampus.
Penjatuhan Pidana Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Aborsi (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 187/Pid.B/2018/Pn Palu)
Authors: Budoyo Sapto , Widodo Wahyu , Lailatusa’adah Nur
Published: October 2023

Pidana bagi pelaku aborsi menyangkut berbagai aspek hukum, moral, sosial dan kesehatan. Beberapa negara, memberlakukan hukuman pada pelaku aborsi yang dianggap ilegal secara kriminal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penjatuhan pelaku tindak pidana aborsi dan menganalisis putusan hakim terhadap tindak pidana aborsi dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Palu Nomor: 187/Pid.B/2018/PN Palu. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemidanaan terhadap tindak pidana aborsi diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan juncto Pasal 55 ayat 1 ke (1) KUHP dan Putusan Pengadilan Nomor 187/Pid.B/2018/Pn Palu tentang penjatuhan sanksi dilakukan atas dasar melindungi perempuan dari tindakan aborsi yang dapat mengakibatkan hal-hal buruk menimpa tubuh orang yang melakukannya, melindungi HAM karena pada dasarnya Anak yang masih dalam kandungan sudah memiliki HAM. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa pentingnya memberikan pengetahuan kepada remaja tentang aborsi dan pentingnya peran keluarga untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pencegahan aborsi yang menjadi tanggung jawab seluruh masyarakat Indonesia.
Early Childhood Education Attendance and Students’ Later Outcomes in Europe
Authors: Del Boca Daniela , Monfardini Chiara , See Sarah Grace
Published: October 2023

The importance of investments in early childhood education (ECE) has been widely documented in the literature. Among the benefits, particularly for children from disadvantaged backgrounds, is its potential to mitigate educational inequality. However, some evidence also suggests that the positive effects of ECE on later outcomes tend to dissipate over time, leaving children who attended such programmes no better off academically than those who did not. This paper studies the relationship between students’ years spent in ECE, from 0 to before starting primary school, and the results of their educational assessment outcomes at age 15. Using PISA survey data for 14 European countries from 2015 to 2018, we conduct a cross-country comparison of student performance in reading, mathematics, and science, correlating the results to the duration of ECE attendance. Our findings show that duration in ECE is associated with better assessments at age 15, but that the benefit is nonlinear and peaks at 3–4 years of attendance. Gender and migration background are associated with student performance on the assessments; but we don’t find evidence of heterogeneity in the relationship between ECE duration and test outcomes based on gender and migration background. Instead, we document differential effects of ECE duration according to age of entry to ECE, mother’s education, and the type of educational system attended.
Ecophysiology of Kuwaiti macroalgae with special emphasis on temperature and salinity tolerance related to the conditions at desalination plant outfalls
Authors: Hajiya Hasan Amal H. , Al-Bader Dhia A. , Woodward Steve , Peters Akira F. , Küpper Frithjof C.
Published: October 2023

Brine discharged from seawater desalination plants impacts marine life by exposure to increased salinity and, in some cases, temperature. However, the responses of individual species to such stress remains poorly known yet their understanding is essential for assessing and predicting the impacts of seawater desalination plants. In this study, unialgal cultures obtained by the germling emergence method of 34 taxa representative of the Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta and Phaeophyceae seaweeds in the Arabian Gulf, and isolated from the vicinity of two large desalination plants in Kuwait, were subjected to increased temperature and salinity under experimental conditions in the laboratory. The dataset is complemented by measurements of seawater temperature and salinity obtained at increasing distances from the outfalls of desalination plants and along the Kuwaiti coastline including from two pristine areas, Boubiyan and Fintas. Chlorophyta, especially Ulva spp., and Phaeophyceae displayed remarkable tolerance against hypersaline and thermal stress, suggesting that this group can cope better with adverse environmental conditions. Members of the Rhodophyta were considerably more sensitive to temperature increases.
Differences between the wild-type and cultivated Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis revealed by quantitative proteome and gene expression profiling analysis
Authors: Ying Xiao , Chen Wenkang , Chen Qionglin , Zhang Xiaoqian , Xu Nianjun , Sun Xue
Published: October 2023

The seaweed Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis is widely cultivated in the southern and northern coasts of China, and is mainly used for agar extraction and abalone feed. The cultivated strain of G. lemaneiformis 981 has various advantages over the wild type such as growth rate and high-temperature tolerance. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the differences between the wild-type and cultivated G. lemaneiformis. Here, 648 up-regulated and 837 down-regulated proteins were screened using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique, and these differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were concentrated in the pathways including “Ribosome”, “Photosynthesis-antenna proteins”, “alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism”, and “Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”. The most prominent pathway was “Ribosome”, namely, 116 out of 119 ribosome-associated proteins were up-regulated in G. lemaneiformis 981 compared to the wild type. Subsequently, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) validated the credibility of the iTRAQ results. Finally, “Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” and “Photosynthesis-antenna proteins” pathways were also found to be significantly changed in G. lemaneiformis 981 validated by gene expression profiling analysis. Altogether, these results, in combination with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, unveiled the possible mechanism of differences in growth and anti-abiotic stresses between the wild-type and cultivated G. lemaneiformis, which would provide a reference for breeding of excellent seaweeds.
Finding small molecular compounds to decrease trimethylamine oxide levels in atherosclerosis by virtual screening
Authors: Luo Jiaxin , Zhang Aoqi , Yao Yuan , Yuan Jun
Published: October 2023

The intestinal microbial metabolite trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) affects the formation and development of atherosclerosis (AS). The design and development of an effective targeted drug to reduce serum TMAO levels may provide new avenues for inhibiting AS morbidity. Target genes that may elevate TMAO levels in patients with AS were explored using bioinformatics, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics (MD). We expected these genes to indicate potential TMAO inhibitors. Of these genes, hFMO3 was responsible for increasing TMAO levels. Four small-molecule compounds (SMC-1, SMC-2, SMC-3, and SMC-4) with the lowest binding energy and CGenFF penalty < 10 were connected to the main binding pocket of hFMO3 by hydrogen and/or cation–pi interactions. A 100 ns MD simulation showed that the four systems quickly reached equilibrium. The root mean square deviation of all four small-molecule compounds was less than 0.35 nm, that of the four ligand complexes was less than 0.40 nm, and the average deviations of each amino acid residue from the reference position over time did not differ. Molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area analyses showed that SMC-2, SMC-3, and SMC-4 bound very well to hFMO3, and the energy contribution of the key residues LEU40 and GLU32 was more remarkable in SMC-2, SMC-3, and SMC-4. These four small-molecule compounds may be useful as targeted drugs to reduce serum TMAO levels, inhibiting atherosclerosis formation.
A Conjecture on H
3(1) for Certain Starlike Functions
Authors: Verma Neha , Kumar S. Sivaprasad
Published: October 2023

We prove a conjecture concerning the third Hankel determinant, proposed by Kumar and Kamaljeet in [A cardioid domain and starlike functions, Anal. Math. Phys. 11 (2021), Art. 54], which states that |H
3(1)| ≤ 1/9 is sharp for the class

S
℘
*

=

{

z

f
′

(
z
)

/
f

(
z
)

≺
φ

(
z
)

:
=
1
+
z

e
z

}

. In addition, we also establish bounds for sixth and seventh coefficient, and |H
4(1)| for functions in

S
℘
*

. The general bounds for two and three folds symmteric functions related with the Ma-Minda classes

S
*

(
φ
)

of starlike functions are also obtained.
On the Existence of Bi-Lipschitz Equivalent Metrics in Semimetric Spaces
Authors: Caruso Andrea Orazio , Palmisano Vincenzo
Published: October 2023

We provide an overview of the known problem on the existence of a bi-Lipschitz equivalent metric with respect to a given quasi-ultrametric, revisiting known results and counterexamples in an unified approach based on the existence of a relaxed polygonal inequality. We present new proofs and characterizations of classical results using different techniques.
Flexural performance of a new type of slightly curved arc HRB400 steel bars reinforced one-way concrete slabs
Authors: Zhuang Mei-Ling , Gao Li , Zhu Fangzhi , Sun Chuanzhi , Zhu Hanbo , Yu Changrong , Qiao Yan
Published: October 2023

In the present study, a new type of slightly curved arc HRB400 steel bars (SCAHSs) was proposed to solve the problem of temperature-induced stress loss in mass concrete structures without cutting off steel bars. The flexural performance of SCAHSs and straight HRB400 steel bars reinforced one-way concrete slabs were first experimentally investigated. Then, the effects of the shape and dimension of SCAHSs on the distribution and width of concrete cracks were analyzed and discussed. Subsequently, the synergistic tensile work characteristics between SCAHSs and concrete were presented. Finally, equations for the bearing capacity and allowable crack widths for SCAHSs in hydraulic massive structures were proposed. The test results indicated that after replacing the straight steel bars in the concrete slab with SCAHSs, the crack width of the concrete slabs increased, with the maximum crack width at the bottom of the concrete slabs increasing by a factor of 1.2–1.4. As the rise-span ratio of SCAHSs increased, the flexural stiffness of SCAHSs reinforced concrete slab decreased slightly, but the deflection increased. The allowable crack widths of SCAHSs reinforced concrete slabs under environment categories I, II, and III were 0.20, 0.17, and 0.12 mm, respectively.
Subjective, behavioral and neurobiological effects of cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety
Authors: Rosário Bárbara dos Anjos , Lemes Jéssica Alves , de Lima Maria Paula , Ribeiro Daniel Araki , Viana Milena de Barros
Published: October 2023

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating disorder, characterized by fear and anxiety in social situations. Evidence suggests that the levels of SAD are rising, in particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective treatments for SAD. Nevertheless, a significant number of patients do not respond well to these therapeutic options. During the last years, Cannabis and cannabinoid-containing products have been investigated for the treatment of different neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, their efficacy for the treatment of anxiety disorders is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this review was to investigate subjective, behavioral, and neurobiological effects of Cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety and SAD. A search in the PubMed database for articles published between the years of 2003–2023 was conducted. One hundred and seventeen (117) original studies were identified. After the exclusion criteria, eighteen (18) studies were selected. The studies investigated the effects of the cannabinoids Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in patients or healthy volunteers submitted to tasks that assessed social anxiety. Results showed that CBD decreases social anxiety, producing an inverted U-shaped curve, with anxiety measurements being reduced at intermediate doses administered orally (300–600 mg), but not at lower or higher doses. THC either reduces (lower doses, 6–7.5 mg) or increases (higher doses) social anxiety measurements. CBD attenuates the anxiogenic effects of THC. The effects of THC and CBD in anxiety are associated to the modulation of fronto-limbic regions. Further clinical trials, conducted with male and female patients and larger cohorts are still necessary to consolidate these results.
Marxist Rent Theory and Its Applications in Developing Countries
Authors: Das Debarshi
Published: October 2023

The conceptual tools of Marxist rent theory, such as absolute and monopoly rent, need clarification. The institution of landed property, alone, is not responsible for absolute rent. The Marxist theory of land rent continues to apply under two contemporary conditions: (1) the agrarian stagnation in developing countries such as India and (2) the urban rents and property prices. Most owner-cultivators in developing countries could be earning negative rents. Furthermore, differential rents and monopoly rents — fueled by speculation and state policies — explain movements in urban rent and property prices if the organic composition of capital is similar across sectors.
Has the “Zeitenwende” taken shape in the economic relations of the EU and Germany with the Russian Federation?
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Science, Belov Vladislav , Kotov Alexander ,   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Science
Published: October 2023

A year has passed since the introduction by the EU in late February 2022 of the first three packages of sanctions against the Russian Federation. Federal Chancellor O. Scholz announced the “Zeitenwende” due to the start of the special military operation of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. Over the next 12 months, Brussels adopted seven more sanction packages. Restrictive economic measures affected almost all sectors of the national economy. Moscow introduced a number of retaliatory restrictions. The mutual sanctions have primarily affected the financial and energy sphere of Russian- European cooperation, in which Germany took one of the leading places. Berlin has taken a number of initiatives of its own that have had a significant negative impact on cooperation with Russia. The authors analyze the consequences of the complex pressure of the European Union and Germany, both on the Russian Federation and on their own business, and forecast further development of relations.
Results of the official visit of E. Macron and U. von der Leyen to China
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Guseletov Boris
Published: October 2023

On April 5-7, 2023, French President E. Macron and Head of the European Commission U. von der Leyen paid an official three-day visit to China. The article presents opinions of European and Chinese experts and diplomats about the visit. Its results are analyzed, including the results of negotiations with the leader of China and between Chinese and French entrepreneurs. Prospects of cooperation between China and the European Union in general and France in particular are assessed in the economic and political spheres.
Regulation of platform work in the EU
Authors:   Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolesov Denis
Published: October 2023

The article examines the process of adopting the Directive on improving working conditions in platform work. It focuses on the legal presumption of employment status, allowing self-employed to turn into employees. The paper analyses the stances of social partners and discussions in the European Parliament and the Council of the EU on the Directive. The key issue is the essence of the digital work platform and platform work. The article reveals alternative approaches to platform work of EU social policy actors and their common views, which can provide grounds for compromise.
The first in German history comprehensive National Security Strategy
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Belov Vladislav
Published: October 2023

On June 14, 2023, the Cabinet of Ministers of Germany presented the comprehensive National Security Strategy. This document was provided for in the coalition agreement (November 2021), it was due by the end of 2022, but got delayed by 6 months. The strategy must be approved by the German parliament. The author analyzes its main provisions and significance for German foreign policy.
Global Britain in the Arctic: balancing the hard and soft power
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Science, Kotov Alexander , Lesnoy Denis ,   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Science
Published: October 2023

This paper analyses the new Arctic strategy of the United Kingdom. The Document was published one year after the start of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine, which has contributed to the changes present in the new Arctic policy, and the revitalization of its role in the European circumpolar region. The authors consider the dynamics of changes within the document compared to previous versions, and the new design of a now holistic UK government approach to the Arctic. Special attention is paid to the increased importance of security in the document, strengthening of the military presence of the United Kingdom in the region, and conditions of the end of low-tension history and "Arctic exceptionalism". Integration of the Arctic strategy with key international and defense strategies of Great Britain is noted. The conclusion is made about the design of a new holistic UK government approach to the Arctic.
Germany. 2022. P. 2
Authors: Belov Vladislav ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Baranov Yaroslav ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Godovanyuk Kira ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Gracheva Maria ,   Primakov IMEMO of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotov Aleksandr ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Meden Natalia ,   MGIMO (U), Russian Foreign Ministry
Published: October 2023

A collective monograph by the leading Russian Germanists is dedicated to the study of the main party-political and socio-economic processes in Germany in 2022, which took place against the background of multiple crises, including the energy and geopolitical crises. Particular attention is paid to the results of the landtag elections, the changes in the established parties and changes in electoral preferences. The consequences of the crisis phenomena for the economic and political space, and the attempts of the state to mitigate their negative impact, including in the field of electric power industry and critical infrastructure. The issues of the continuing split between the West and the East of the country are considered. The British and Russian foreign policy vectors of Germany are investigated. The forecast for Germany’s development in 2023 is given. The monograph consists of two parts.
Quantifying Peripheral Modulation of Olfaction by Trigeminal Agonists
Authors: Genovese Federica , Xu Jiang , Tizzano Marco , Reisert Johannes
Published: October 2023

In the mammalian nose, two chemosensory systems, the trigeminal and the olfactory mediate the detection of volatile chemicals. Most odorants are able to activate the trigeminal system, and vice versa, most trigeminal agonists activate the olfactory system as well. Although these two systems constitute two separate sensory modalities, trigeminal activation modulates the neural representation of an odor. The mechanisms behind the modulation of olfactory response by trigeminal activation are still poorly understood. We addressed this question by looking at the olfactory epithelium (OE), where olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and trigeminal sensory fibers co-localize and where the olfactory signal is generated. Our study was conducted in a mouse model. Both sexes, males and females, were included. We characterize the trigeminal activation in response to five different odorants by measuring intracellular Ca2+changes from primary cultures of trigeminal neurons (TGNs). We also measured responses from mice lacking TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels known to mediate some trigeminal responses. Next, we tested how trigeminal activation affects the olfactory response in the olfactory epithelium using electro-olfactogram (EOG) recordings from wild-type (WT) and TRPA1/V1-knock out (KO) mice. The trigeminal modulation of the olfactory response was determined by measuring responses to the odorant, 2-phenylethanol (PEA), an odorant with little trigeminal potency after stimulation with a trigeminal agonist. Trigeminal agonists induced a decrease in the EOG response to PEA, which depended on the level of TRPA1 and TRPV1 activation induced by the trigeminal agonist. This suggests that trigeminal activation can alter odorant responses even at the earliest stage of the olfactory sensory transduction.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMost odorants reaching the olfactory epithelium (OE) can simultaneously activate olfactory and trigeminal systems. Although these two systems constitute two separate sensory modalities, trigeminal activation can alter odor perception. Here, we analyzed the trigeminal activity induced by different odorants proposing an objective quantification of their trigeminal potency independent from human perception. We show that trigeminal activation by odorants reduces the olfactory response in the olfactory epithelium and that such modulation correlates with the trigeminal potency of the trigeminal agonist. These results show that the trigeminal system impacts the olfactory response from its earliest stage.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF CHOKEBERRY FRUIT POWDERS OBTAINED BY CONVECTIVE HOT AIR AND FREEZE DRYING METHODS
Authors: GÜNEŞ Recep
Published: October 2023

In this study, the changes in some quality characteristics of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa [Michx.] Elliot) fruit powders obtained by freeze drying and convective hot air drying techniques were compared. The moisture (%) and water activity values of powders obtained by hot air and freeze drying were measured as 9.29% and 10.86%, 0.2373 and 0.2963, respectively. Both drying treatments caused significant changes in color properties of the powders, and the highest +a* value (23.30) was detected in the sample obtained by freeze drying (P <0.05). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the methanol and water extracts of the powder obtained by freeze drying were higher than the other treatment and were determined as 7231.80 and 4497.34 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry matter, and 5198.98 and 3148.14 mg quercetin/100 g dry matter, respectively. A similar trend was observed in the ABTS and DPPH antioxidant activity analysis results of the samples.