bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of apartment prices in a Colombian context from a machine learning approach with stable-important attributes
Authors: Pérez Rave Jorge Iván , González Echavarría Favián , Correa Morales Juan Carlos
Published: April 2020

The objective of this work is to develop a machine learning model for online pricing of apartments in a Colombian context. This article addresses three aspects: i) it compares the predictive capacity of linear regression, regression trees, random forest and bagging; ii) it studies the effect of a group of text attributes on the predictive capability of the models; and iii) it identifies the more stable-important attributes and interprets them from an inferential perspective to better understand the object of study. The sample consists of 15,177 observations of real estate. The methods of assembly (random forest and bagging) show predictive superiority with respect to others. The attributes derived from the text had a significant relationship with the property price (on a log scale). However, their contribution to the predictive capacity was almost nil, since four different attributes achieved highly accurate predictions and remained stable when the sample change.
Treated domestic effluent as a source of water and nutrients in the hydroponic cultivation of ornamental sunflower
Authors: Gonçalves Karoline Santos , De Souza Rogério Novaes , Gheyi Hans Raj , Paz Vital Pedro da Silva , De Azevedo Neto André Dias , Soares Tales Miler
Published: April 2020

The use of treated domestic effluent in agriculture is important not only as a source of water but also as a source of nutrients for crops. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate its use for the production of ornamental sunflower cv. ‘Anão de Jardim’ in a bench-type low cost hydroponic system, inferring on its technical feasibility and observing the possible impacts on the crop. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse adopting a completely randomized design with four treatments (T1 - nutrient solution of Furlani 100%, prepared in municipal supply water - control), T2, T3 and T4 - nutrient solution of Furlani, respectively, with 100, 75 and 50% strength, prepared in treated domestic effluent and six replicates, totalizing 24 experimental units, each consisting of 15 plants. All treatments met the nutritional requirements of the plants and presented adequate contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaf and stem at harvest leading to satisfactory plant growth and produced acceptable commercial grade chapters and stems. The plants under treatment T4 although produced chapters of commercial quality but exhibited great variability in comparison to the other treatments, therefore except this treatment any other treatment can be used for hydroponic production of ornamental sunflower utilizing treated domestic effluents.
MPM and ALE Simulations of Large Deformations Geotechnics Instability Problems
Authors: Alelvan Giovanna Monique , Toro Rojas Daniela , Pedron Rossato Amanda Cristina , Reinaldo Raydel Lorenzo , Cordão Neto Manoel Porfirio
Published: April 2020

Problems involving large deformations are the focus of numerical modeling researches in recent decades due to the challenge of finding a kinematic appropriate description of the continuum. In recent years, different formulations have been used to describe such problems as the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method and the Material Point Method (MPM). These two methods allow to perform dynamic analyzes involving large deformations. In this way, this work aims to present a comparison of problems applied to Geotechnics involving large deformations and large displacements, using MPM and FEM associated with the ALE method. For this purpose, three problems are simulated: sliding of blocks on an inclined plane, runout process of sand and instability of a slope using the MPM and the FEM associated with the ALE method. In all cases a comparison of the results is presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.
Multicriterial analysis for the prioritization of technological alternatives for POCT blood gas equipment procurement in a high-complexity healthcare institution
Authors: Usaquén Perilla Sandra Patricia , García Melo José Isidro , Bocanegra Villegas Laura Valentina , Osorio Salgado Juan Camilo
Published: April 2020

This study proposes a multi-criteria analysis for the prioritization of alternatives for POCT blood gas analysis equipment procurement in a high-complexity healthcare institution through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This work is presented as a tool for hospitals and is based on the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) model that supports the decision-making process in the acquisition of medical equipment. For this, criteria, sub-criteria and assessment instruments were identified based on the Core and mini-HTA models, review of scientific articles and healthcare institution requirements for high-complexity healthcare. The proposed approach was applied to the procurement process of POCT equipment in a healthcare institution in the city of Santiago de Cali-Colombia. As a result, the current procurement process was simplified by identifying five criteria and eleven sub-criteria that allowed the prioritization of POCT blood gas analysis equipment alternatives. Furthermore, three criteria with greater relevance were identified in the technological selection process.
Aluminum bar cutting optimization for door and window manufacturing
Authors: Machado Ageu Araujo , Zayatz João Carlos , Da Silva Marcos Meurer , Melluzzi Neto Guilherme , Leal Gislaine Camila Lapasini , Palma Lima Rafael Henrique
Published: April 2020

This study aims to optimize the one-dimensional cutting process of aluminum bars for the production of aluminum doors. Reducing the use of bars and the amount of material that becomes scrap is a key factor in process efficiency, reducing the need for raw material procurement. The mathematical model used considers the size of the bar, the number and size of cuts, the size of the leftovers that can be used and the size of the leftovers that are considered scrap. Based on real data from a company in the aluminum frame segment, the mathematical model was used to simulate three different scenarios. Three different objective functions were used in the simulations, and the results obtained in each scenario were described in order to indicate the advantages and disadvantages of using each objective function. For the instance sizes studied, the model is able to obtain optimal solutions with little computational time.
A conceptual framework for the modelling and simulation of social systems
Authors: Awad Gabriel , ÁLVAREZ ZAPATA Hernán Darío
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a conceptual framework for the modelling and simulation of properties, interactions and processes of social systems based on computational templates using discrete event system specification (DEVS) formalism and OMG Systems Modelling Language (SysML) diagrams. No antecedents of this combination were found in the literature, and so this is one of the contributions of this paper. Additionally, this article explains how the principles and rules of SysML can be applied to the analysis of social systems. An example of the proposed framework based on a basic Agent_Zero model is shown. The conceptual framework was built based on a critical literature review, and included new additional elements to create a complete but simple conceptual framework. The codes for the simulations were written in Python 3.
Instruir deleitando: reflexões acerca de abordagens do fenômeno literário em matrizes curriculares de cursos de Letras em São Paulo
Authors: Granato Fernanda Marques , Zimmer Rosane Oliveira Duarte
Published: April 2020

O artigo reflete sobre e explora as abordagens do fenômeno literário em matrizes curriculares, ementas de disciplinas e aulas observadas em duas instituições do ensino superior de São Paulo, mostrando, ao final, uma análise comparatista e uma abordagem do fenômeno literário em sala de aula que busca a retomada da abordagem da gênese e da variabilidade do fenômeno literário. A problemática instigadora foi a abordagem da literatura nos cursos de ensino superior, e como esta leitura conceitual da literatura afeta a prática docente e a formação dos professores. A partir deste estudo de caso, reflete-se acerca da formação do educador literário à luz dos conceitos e abordagens da literatura em sala de aula, tendo como foco o ensino superior. Como hipótese, coloca-se que o conceito de literatura afeta não só a sua abordagem em sala, mas também a leitura realizada do fenômeno literário, transformando o objeto de estudo literário. Quanto ao referencial teórico, temos Compagnon (2009) e Aristóteles (1990) sobre conceito de literatura; Faria (2009), sobre ensino de literatura e formação do leitor literário; Fialho e Fidelis (2008), sobre as primeiras faculdades de Letras no Brasil; Fidelis (1997) e Lajolo (1995) sobre o ensino e a história da literatura; Oliven (2002) e Teixeira (1989) sobre ensino e educação superior no Brasil; Verdi (1980) de ensino de literatura no Brasil; Barthes (2008), sobre história e literatura. Quanto à metodologia de pesquisa, houve o levantamento bibliográfico das referências, seguido do estudo de caso e análise comparada.
Educação e migração haitiana: um estudo de caso a partir de Galtung e Fanon
Authors: Da Silva Lucas Rech
Published: April 2020

O trabalho aqui apresentado é resultado de um estudo de caso, realizado com duas jovens haitianas estudantes de Ensino Médio, que teve como objetivo analisar as diferentes expressões de violência de seus processos migratórios e seu cotidiano no Brasil. A análise qualitativa ocorreu através do software NVivo e considerou as interseccionalidades que emergiram e as correlações das violências (física, estrutural, cultural e psicológica) encontradas. Dentre as diferentes violências, que são aprofundadas nas concepções dos autores Johan Galtung e Frantz Fanon, apenas a física não está explícita nos resultados, mas até mesmo ela é problematizada. A pesquisa mostrou que escola pode, em certos casos, agravar as violências inerentes aos processos migratórios se não as discutir e invisibilizar a existência da diversidade em seu interior.
Root endophytic fungi promote in vitro seed germination in Pleurothallis coriacardia (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Maldonado Gabriela P. , Yarzábal Luis A. , Cevallos-Cevallos Juan M. , Chica Eduardo J. , Peña Denisse F.
Published: April 2020

Seeds of many orchids rely on the presence of fungi to trigger the germination process and even to initiate the full development of protocorms. While attention has been directed towards the study of mycorrhizal fungi, the diversity and functions of endophytic fungi from orchid roots remain underexplored, and few studies have verified their ecological role. This is the case of Pleurothallis coriacardia, an endemic green Neotropical orchid with both epiphytic and lithophytic habits growing in High-Andean montane forests. In the present study, we screened the cultivable fraction of the endophytic fungi colonizing the roots of mature plants of P. coriacardia using ITS rDNA markers. We also tested the potential of these endophytic fungi to improve embryo development and seed germination. Most of the isolated endophytes were classified within Psathyrellaceae. Some isolates, identified as members of the Ilyonectria and Coprinellus genera, significantly promoted embryo development in vitro in P. coriacardia seeds, a result that highlights the ecological roles these endophytic fungi may play in nature.

Keywords: Andean montane forest, embryo development, epiphytic orchids, Ilyonectria, lithophytic orchids, Psathryrellaceae
The role of apoptosis in the complex pathogenesis of the most common obstetrics and gynaecology diseases
Authors: Kovács P. , Joó József Gábor , Tamás V. , Molnár Z. , Burik-Hajas D. , Bódis J. , Kornya L.
Published: April 2020

Purpose

We aimed to assess the etiological role of apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and Bax in the background of major obstetric and gynaecological diseases.

Methods

Placental tissue samples were collected from 101 pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction and 104 pregnancies with premature birth with 140 controll samples from term, eutrophic newborns. In addition, gene expression assessment of the genes Bax and Bcl-2 was performed in 101 uterine leiomyoma tissue samples at our disposal with 110 control cases. Gene expression levels were assessed by PCR method.

Results

The expression of the Bcl-2 gene was decreased in placental samples with intrauterine growth restriction. Significant overexpression of the proapoptotic Bax gene was detected in samples from premature infants. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression was found to be significantly increased in fibroid tissues.

Conclusion

Apoptosis plays a crucial role in the development of the most common OB/GYN conditions. Decrease in the placental expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 may upset the balance of programmed cell death.
The surveillance of antibiotics resistance in Indonesia: a current reports
Authors: Dahesihdewi Andaru , Sugianli Adhi Kristianto , Parwati Ida
Published: April 2020

Background. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become serious problem globally. Surveillance AMR is important to be part of quality indicator in antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP).Method. Surveillance of microbial pattern and their antibiotics susceptibility in Indonesia 2017 were developed by Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Data aggregation was sourced from 31 hospitals antibiogram report which were joined the system of national data collection in forlabinfeksi.or.id. with standardized inclusion criteria. Data was analyzed descriptively, based on hospital type-A-B-C.Â Â Â Â Result. There were 15.302 isolates included, 4.761 (31,1%) were positive Gram and 10.541 (68,9%) were negative Gram, 61,6% reported by type-A hospital, 16,4% by type-B and 22% by type-C. Positive and negative Gram patterns respectively were E. faecalis and E.coliÂ  (blood and urine), Streptococcus spp and K. pneumoniae (sputum), S. aureus and E.coli (pus), E. faecalis and E.coliÂ  (wound), coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Enterobacteriaceae (CSF). Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was slightly different among various types of hospital and among various clinical specimens. Positive Gram bacteria had good vancomycin susceptibility in all hospital types, except in sputum from Type-A and B hospital, also in blood and urine from Type-C hospital, similarly with linezolide susceptibility. Susceptibility pattern among Gram negative- bacteria for carbapenem and amikacin was good, in all hospital types, except on A. baumannii.Â  For A. baumannii, antibiotic carbapenem, amikacin and ceftazidime susceptibility were 20-66%, 35-80%, and up to 83%, respectively. For P. aeruginosa, antibiotic susceptibility pattern was equal among all hospital types. Their susceptibility against cephalosporin (ceftazidime), fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) and aminoglycoside (amikacin) were better in higher type-hospital. Conclusion. This result may become part of national epidemiological data for ASP program evaluation. This data may also be referred for local empirical antibiotic guideline among limited resources appropriate hospital. There will be improvement forward for more representative beneficial data.
The Correlation between total lymphocyte count, hemoglobin levels, lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (LLR), and lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio (LNR) to CD4 levels in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection at Sanglah Hospital
Authors: Wande I Nyoman , Fuadi Muhamad Robi'ul , Hadi Solichul
Published: April 2020

Background. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and characterized by a progressive decrease in the immune system function which eventually leads to the development of opportunistic infections and other complications. In order to monitor the disease progression the CD4 examination and additional Complete Blood Count (CBC) were commonly used.Objectives. To determine the correlation of total lymphocyte count, hemoglobin level, lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (LLR) and lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio (LNR) to CD4 levels in patients with HIV infection.Methods. This a retrospective cross-sectional analytic study conducted from July to August 2017. The total lymphocyte count, hemoglobin level, lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (LLR) and lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio (LNR) and CD4 level were measured in the study. The data normality and the correlation were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Pearson Correlation test, respectively, performed in SPSS version 14. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant for the results.Results. A total of 60 samples conducted CD4 and complete blood counts (CBC) examinations during the period July-August 2017. The mean CD4 levels were 341.73 Â± 243.48 cells/ÂµL, the total leukocyte count was 6.98 Â± 2.93 x 103/ÂµL, the total lymphocyte count was 2.09 Â± 0.87 x 103/ÂµL, hemoglobin level 13.38 Â± 2.09 g/dL, lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (LLR) 0.31 Â± 0.11, lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio (LNR) 0.67 Â± 0.40. Statistical analysis showed that data is normally distributed. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between CD4 levels with total lymphocytes counts, hemoglobin levels, RLL, RLN with correlation coefficients of 0.571 (p = 0.000), 0.324 (p = 0.012), 0.509 (p = 0.000), 0.463 (p = 0.006), respectively. There was no significant correlation between CD4 levels and total leukocytes with a correlation coefficient of 0.171 (p = 0.19).Conclusion. There is a positive correlation between CD4 levels and total lymphocytes, hemoglobin levels, RLL and RLN in patients with HIV at Sanglah Hospital.
Optimising the effect of activated carbon on the microrheological properties of erythrocyte in rats with experimentally developed obesity
Authors: Kulikov Evgeniy Vladimirovich , Zavalishina Svetlana Yurevna , Vatnikov Yuri Anatolyevich , Strizhakov Alexander Anatolyevich , Drukovsky Stanislav Gennadievich , Lozovoy Dmitry Anatolyevich , Voronina Yuliya Yurevna , Popova Irina Anatolyevna , Bondareva Irina Viktorovna , Sambros Natalia Borisovna , Norezzine Abdelaziz , Glagoleva Tatyana Ivanovna , Shemyakova Svetlana Alexandrovna
Published: April 2020

Background: Remains not fully clear the impact of intestinal chelators on microrheological violation of red blood cells during the early stages of obesity. It dictates the necessity of experimental investigations' fulfilment on laboratory animals with just developed obesity in them.Method: Ninety-four of healthy male-rats of Vistar line at the age of 2.5-3 months took into investigation. Twenty-nine animals of them had experienced no impacts and composed the control group. In 65 rats after their putting into small cages (one specimen - in a cage) during 30 days there was developed OB as the result of giving them of high-caloric diet from combined feed (47%), sweet condensed milk (44%), vegetable oil (8%) and vegetable starch (1%). Of the 35 rats received a day for 60 days of activated carbon 25 mg/kg into a stomach. There used biochemical, haematological and statistical methods of investigation.Results: At obesity development in rats, there found a steady decrease of erythrocytes-discocytes quantity in blood. It accompanied by increase of reversibly and irreversibly changed erythrocytes' quantity in examined animals' blood. At obesity development in rats there was found quick rise of erythrocytes' sum in aggregate and these aggregates' quantity at lowering of free erythrocytes' number. During experimental obesity modelling we noticed very early in rats' blood decrease of erythrocytes-discocytes' quantity, level rise of their reversibly and irreversibly varieties with strengthening of their aggregative ability. It takes place in the background of weakening of erythrocytes' antioxidant protection and activation of lipids' peroxidation in them.Conclusion: Application of activated carbons capable of rats with experimental obesity resolve arisen they breach microrheological properties of erythrocytes. It is clear that in obesity treatment regimens must be intestinal chelators, capable of positively affect many broken with this pathology haematological indices.
Post total splenectomy outcome in thalassemia patients
Authors: Isa Muntadhar M. , Thayeb Amir , Yani Ahmad , Hutagalung Muhammad Bayu Z.
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Splenectomy in thalassemia patient is indicated in the transfusion-dependent patient when hypersplenism increases blood transfusion requirement, prevents adequate control of body iron with chelation therapy and increased risk for infection.Method: This study was retrospective study aims to evaluate the outcome of splenectomy in pediatric thalassemia patients and its related factor. A total 34 thalassemia patient with post total splenectomy patients was included in this study. Â Result: Mean age was 20.7 Â± 6.5 years old with majority mild malnutrition (61.8%) and the majority of spleen size Schaffner 6-7 (73.5%). The duration between thalassemia diagnosis and total splenectomy was 6-7 years. Statistical analysis showed significant decreased of mean blood transfusion volume from 4691.4 cc per year to 3764.2 cc per year (p = 0.048), decreased mean blood transfusion volume from 219.6 cc per Kg Body Weight (BW) per year to 125.5 cc per Kg BW per year (p<0.001) and decreased of blood transfusion frequency from 12-14 times per year to 6-8 times per year (p<0.001). There is only one case subcutaneous emphysema as complication after splenectomy.Conclusion: Overall, this study showed total splenectomy improve the outcome of thalassemia with hypersplenism with low rate of complication.
Torsion Resistance of the Ball Head System Screw and Screwdriver for Angled Screw Channels on Implant Prosthetics
Authors: Farré-Berga Oriol , Cercadillo-Ibarguren Iñaki , Sánchez-Torres Alba , Gil F. Javier , Escuin Tomás , Berástegui Esther
Published: April 2020

The primary objective of this study was to determine the torsion resistance of the Ball Head System (BHS) screw and screwdriver set at 0°, 20°, and 30° angulations. The secondary objective was to compare the BHS set with the 1.3-mm hexagonal screwdriver system (HexS) at 20° and analyze the condition of the BHS after 10 and 30 iterations with 30 N·cm torque at 30° angulation. A workbench made from type 4 plaster with 6 steel implant replicas (external hexagon, 4.1 mm) inserted at 0°, 20°, and 30° angulation was designed. An analogical torque meter was used. The deformations produced on the whole set were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy. A descriptive analysis was performed. The maximum torque performance for BHS at 30° angulation was 54 ± 12 N·cm. Most screws could be removed despite the deformations produced. At 20° angulation, the BHS set achieved an average torque resistance of 67 ± 12 N·cm, whereas the HexS failed at 45 ± 2 N·cm. Although the iterations performed at 30 N·cm torque and 20° angulation produced some deformations on BHS sets; these could be tightened and unscrewed. The BHS allows tightening at a torque of up to 54 N·cm. Under the same conditions, BHS showed more torque resistance than HexS. Deformation of BHS sets was directly related to the number of iterations.
Randomized and Controlled Clinical Trial of Bone Healing After Alveolar Ridge Preservation Using Xenografts and Allografts Versus Plasma Rich in Growth Factors
Authors: Stumbras Arturas , Januzis Gintaras , Gervickas Albinas , Kubilius Ricardas , Juodzbalys Gintaras
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to compare bone regeneration in the anterior maxilla between bone substitutes and autologous platelet concentrate in alveolar ridge preservation. Forty patients requiring tooth extraction in the anterior maxilla were randomly allocated to the following 4 treatment modalities: spontaneous healing (control), natural bovine bone mineral covered with resorbable native collagen membrane (BBM/CM), freeze-dried bone allograft covered with resorbable native collagen membrane (FDBA/CM), and plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) alone. Bone biopsies and histomorphometrical analysis were performed after 3 months of healing. The following parameters were assessed: newly formed mineralized tissue, newly formed nonmineralized tissue, and residual bone-grafting material (if applicable). Statistical analysis was performed to provide descriptive analysis and to compare the parameters of the bone regeneration between the study groups. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed the highest new mineralized tissue formation in the PRGF group. Statistically significant differences in new mineralized tissue formation were found between control/PRGF (46.4% ± 15.2% vs 75.5% ± 16.3%), control/(BBM/CM) (46.4% ± 15.2% vs 20.3% ± 21.9%), control/(FDBA/CM) (46.4% ± 15.2% vs 7.2% ± 8.6%), PRGF/(BBM/CM) (75.5% ± 16.3% vs 20.3% ± 21.9%), and PRGF/(FDBA/CM) (75.5% ± 16.3% vs 7.2% ± 8.6%) groups. The new mineralized tissue formation was in the following order: PRGF > control > BBM > FDBA. Alveolar ridge preservation in the esthetic zone with PRGF was the most effective for bone regeneration of the alveolar ridge.
Barbell Technique: A Novel Approach for Bidirectional Bone Augmentation: Technical Note
Authors: Pelegrine André Antonio , de Macedo Luís Guilherme Scavove , Aloise Antonio Carlos , Moy Peter Karyen
Published: April 2020

Horizontal bone reconstruction is a common augmentation procedure used in implant dentistry to achieve adequate 3-dimensional ridge reconstruction to permit proper dental implant positioning. However, most available techniques are focused on unidirectional bone reconstruction (grafting only on the buccal side). This study was carried out to validate an innovative device that is indicated for bidirectional bone augmentation. The study consisted of 4 patients who required bidirectional horizontal bone augmentation of the upper jaw. Two computerized tomographies were performed (T0 at baseline and T1 at 6 months postoperative examinations). Mean bone thickness in the studied sites at T0 was 2.30 ± 0.65 and mean bone thickness achieved was 9.11 ± 1.08 mm at T1, with an overall bone gain of 6.81 ± 1.33 mm. Concerning the specific gains in direction, buccal and palatal bone augmentations were 4.89 ± 0.94 and 1.92 ± 0.42 mm, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of this novel device allows for the achievement of bidirectional horizontal bone augmentation.
Problems of the Balance of the State Budget and Economic Growth in the Russian Federation
Authors: Velichko Alexander
Published: April 2020

The budget policy pursued in the Russian Federation in recent years has generated a number of negative trends, including a reduction in the resource potential of the budget system. A model of the budget mechanism for regulating socio-economic processes is considered. All blocks of the budget mechanism operate using various methods, that is, techniques, methods and conditions that determine the volume and movement of budget resources. The methods of calculating budget revenues, the procedure for making payments, the principles and conditions of budget financing, various sanctions are constituent parts of the budget mechanism. Structural changes in economy may be associated with the possibilities of influencing through specific types of budget revenues and expenditures on the economic interests of economic entities. Such approaches help to transform the types of budget revenues and expenditures into incentives for economic development and increase its efficiency. In all states, at various stages of historical development, taxes performed primarily a fiscal function centralizing a certain part of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the state budget in order to finance public spending. Thearticle analyzes the main problems of improving the budget system of the Russian Federation, first of all, increasing the share of federal budget revenues (expenses) in GDP, as well as increasing the share of direct taxes in relation to indirect taxes during the period of economic growth. Economic growth must be considered in the context of solving the problem of huge receivables and payables between enterprises, which significantly exceed the annual consolidated budget of the Russian Federation and by the end of 2017, amounted to 40,258 and 44,481 billion rubles, respectively.
Analysis of Trends in International Trade at the Present Stage of World Economy Digitalization
Authors: Nikulina Olga , Petrosyan Syuzanna
Published: April 2020

This paper presents an analysis of trends in the development of international trade in the context of digitalization. The growing process of digitalization can lead to qualitative changes in all sectors of domestic economy and foreign trade. At the present stage important aspects of growth, development and digitalization of economies of the countries participating in international trade and economic relations are primarily electronic trade, export and import operations and management at the national and the interstate level. The subject of this study is economic relations arising in the process of implementing operations on the international exchange of goods and services in the context of digitalization of the world economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends and tendencies in the development of international trade in the digital transformation of economic and political relations. The study uses the economic and statistical method that reveals the main trends in the development of digitalization and international trade, and the system-structural method that analyzes the structural changes in the impact of digitalization on international trade. As a result, the authors have developed tools to promote digitalization in international trade and international economic relations. The development of international trade in modern conditions is most dependent on digital technologies that have an impact on e-commerce and business processes in international trade.
Environmental Assessment of Applying Innovations in the Energy Sector of the Region (Based on Irkutsk Region)
Authors: Saneev Boris , Majsjuk Elena , Muzychuk Svetlana
Published: April 2020

The growth of energy efficiency in Russian economy is a priority for its development. The main role in this process will be played by the transition to innovative energy. The use of innovative technologies is an important factor in the development of economy and energy. In these conditions, it is necessary to develop new approaches to the substantiation of development forecasts. Irkutsk region has large reserves of energy resources. The innovative development of energy in Irkutsk region will increase the energy efficiency of economy and improve the state of the environment. The introduction of modern technological measures will reduce fuel consumption. The solution to this problem is important for Irkutsk region as an environmentally disadvantaged region. This fact determines the relevance of the study. The aim of the study is determining the degree of influence of innovative development of energy on the ecology of the region. The article shows the main directions of innovative development of the energy sector of Irkutsk region and gives their environmental assessment. Research methods are the system analysis, balance methods, statistical methods. The authors develop a method for assessing the impact of the innovative energy development on the ecological state of the region, and create model-computer tools. The results can be used by regional authorities and energy companies to forecast and manage the innovative development of energy in Irkutsk region.
SUPPLEMENTARY LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF MODERN PLASTIC-POLYMER FISHPLATES FOR RAIL JOINTS
Authors: A. Nemeth  , I. Fekete  , S. Szalai  , S. Fischer
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The authors’ goal is to determine the behavior of insulated rail joints with polymer-composite fishplates without glueing in the consideration of dynamic loadings regarding to own laboratory tests. In this paper they introduce the applied measurement opportunities. Methodology. Dynamic (fatigue) bending tests were performed by insulated rail joints assembled with plastic-polymer fishplates. The special laboratory measurements are related to digital picture/video measurement technique and assessment method executed by GOM hardware and software, as well as computer tomography according to laboratory bending tests. Findings. In previous papers the authors published the results of glued-insulated rail joints, in this period they continued their research with the investigation of rail joints with plastic-polymer fishplates without glueing. They tested two different types of rail fishplates made of plastic-polymer material. For the rail joints with fishplates but without glueing, the authors applied special measurement techniques by GOM products (Tritop, Aramis) that enable high precision digital measurement techniques with spectacular visualization results. The computer tomography records ensure the opportunity to be able to receive information about inner crackings and faults of plastic-polymer fishplates, with also high precision measurements. The assessment method has to be developed for these specific measurement methodologies to be able to compare the results and define scientific statements. Originality. Up to now any researcher and research group have been dealing with insulated rail joints with special plastic-polymer fishplates without glueing applied mentioned special techniques, no one determined the exact deterioration process of these joints, as well as the crack growing phenomenon in the cross section of the fishplates. Practical value. The research team of the authors had the possibility to see into the details of glass-fibre reinforced resin bonded plastic fishplates during laboratory tests, as well as they publish timely information in the consideration of their laboratory tests’ results. This result can be applied in railway engineering at all stages: design, construction, maintenance&operation in the future.
MODELING OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN VERTICAL SETTLER
Authors: V. D. Petrenko  , M. I. Netesa  , O. L. Tiutkin  , O. V. Gromova  , V. A. Kozachyna
Published: April 2020

Purpose. Increasing the effectiveness of water treatment plants is an urgent technical problem. To obtain the efficiency analysis of certain facility of water treatment plant, at the design stage, it is necessary to have special mathematical models. In the paper, the development of mathematical models for assessing the performance of vertical settler having additional structural elements and used in wastewater treatment systems is considered. Methodology. The pollutant distribution in the settler has been computed using the hydrodynamics equation for the viscous incompressible fluid. Additional equation is the equation for the spread of contaminants in a vertical settler. The equations used to calculate the vertical settler take into account the most significant physical factors affecting efficiency of the settler. For numerical integration of the modeling impurity transfer equation in the water treatment plant, difference splitting schemes are used. The numerical solution of the equation describing the process of pollutant movement in a vertical settler is based on splitting this equation into the equation of a more simplified structure. For numerical integration of the modeling equations of the inviscid fluid flow, implicit difference splitting schemes are used. Numerical calculation is performed on a rectangular difference grid. Findings. On the basis of the developed numerical models, a package of application programs was created. This package allows quick determining the settler efficiency using a computational experiment. The results of a computational experiment to determine the efficiency of the settler with two plates are presented. Originality. The developed mathematical models make it possible to determine the velocity field and the impurity transfer process, taking into account the geometric shape of the settler and the use of plates, which affect the flow hydrodynamics in the water treatment plant, and therefore the efficiency of water treatment. Practical value. The calculation time for one version of the task based on the constructed mathematical models is several seconds. The models can be used to obtain an expert assessment of the operation of water treatment plants that are being designed.
ANALYSIS OF MECHANISMS AND EFFICIENCY OF SPECIALIZED LANGUAGES OF FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING
Authors: I. M. Storchak  , O. P. Ivanov
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The authors aim to determine the differences between functional programming languages, to identify the capabilities of the most popular languages by comparing and analyzing them. To identify the main features, it is necessary to consider their data structures, as well as the application scope. The authors also aim to analyze and compare examples from various fields of language application using metrics of the program texts complexity. Methodology. The five most popular specialized functional languages are selected: Erlang, Lisp, F #, Scala and Haskel. An overview of the official documentation was conducted to obtain information on the capabilities of each language; their data structures and the application scope were studied. The experimental research base is formed from texts of the existing open source software systems and matched by similar applications and equal volume of text. Comparative analysis of sample programs is performed using Halsted metrics, which are calculated using specially designed software. The analysis of the received quality assessments is done graphically. Findings. Software has been developed to obtain Halsted metrics for program input texts in functional programming languages such as Erlang, Lisp, F # and Scala. The complexity of the Haskel programming language syntax did not allow the use of metrics to evaluate the text, so only a documentation review was performed. Benchmarking shows the differences between languages and outlines their use. The examples of different volumes from such areas of application as system programming tasks, graphing, mathematical calculations, AI systems, web programming, etc. were compared. Originality. The authors first conducted a comparative analysis of specialized languages using text complexity metrics, which made it possible to establish that Lisp has the smallest vocabulary and code length, Scala text has the most structured form, and F # and Erlang are marked with extra verbosity. Practical value. The findings and measurements will help in selecting the most effective functional programming language for solving specific problems, taking into account differences in applications. The developed software allows making measurements for various program texts when developing and maintaining complex software systems.
JUSTIFICATION OF CRITERIA FOR ROPEWAYS ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Authors: Raksha S. V. , Kuropiatnyk O. S. , Krasnoshchok O. L.
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The article is aimed to form and justify the energy efficiency indicators of ropeways of traditional design and ropeways with self-propelled wagons based on the determination and comparison of their values. The substantiation of the energy efficiency criteria of ropeway wagons allows us to determine fully the direction of further research in the field of development of alternative transport mode. Methodology. To obtain initial data, the authors reviewed the world trends in the development of ropeway wagons, proposed analytical formulas for determining criteria for ropeways` energy efficiency used to compare traditional ropeways and ropeways with self-propelled wagons. Herewith, we took into account the influence of the loading degree and rated power on the electric motor efficiency. In order to take into account the energy dissipation in the haul rope through its elastic properties, the concept of the efficiency coefficient of the haul rope was introduced. Findings. The authors formed a methodology for calculating the efficiency of ropeways, developed formulas for determining energy efficiency. We assessed the influence of the ropeway characteristics on their calculated values; constructed dependence graphs of the self-propelled ropeway efficiency coefficient on the rated electric motor power and the efficiency coefficient on the ropeway drive loading, as well as compared general efficiency coefficients for ropeways with self-propelled wagons and for ropeways of traditional design. The results are based on the averaged values of the electric motors parameters at their different loads. Originality. The authors first proposed and justified the energy-efficiency criteria for ropeways that make it possible a comparative analysis of traditional ropeways and those with self-propelled wagons. We determined the dependence of these indicators on the ropeway parameters. Practical value. The results of the comparative analysis of traditional construction of ropeways and the ropeways with self-propelled wagons, based on the proposed energy efficiency indicators, can be used to substantiate the feasibility of using certain type of ropeways for the implementation of individual transport processes. The construction diagram of a self-propelled wagon can be used in the development of energy efficient passenger ropeway projects.
INCREASING OPERATION EFFECTIVITY OF METAL PRODUCTS LOADING POINTS BY THE RATIONAL USE OF BRIDGE CRANES
Authors: S. M. Turpak  , L. O. Vasylieva  , O. O. Padchenko  , H. O. Lebid
Published: April 2020

Purpose. Taking into account research and improvement of transport and storage processes for loading railway cars with bridge cranes the purpose of the study is the analysis of actual crane operation zones, development of simulation models of their functioning and determination of the most effective load technology. The real object of the study — the finished goods warehouse of a metallurgical enterprise — is formalized as a linear load point. Methodology. To analyse various options for the crane operation zones of the investigated object, the simulation modelling method was used. It was taken into account that each bridge crane can load railway cars, which are located in different zones of the loading track. Situations when the cranes are on the same crane ways during cargo operations and the service area of cars partially coincides were considered. Under such conditions, cranes can interfere with each other; it makes it difficult to carry out the transport-technological process of loading. Findings. A simulation model in which the service elements, which are the individual cargo packages, move along certain routes has been developed. Freight traffic volumes are set according to certain laws of random value distribution, taking into account the stochastic nature of real transport processes. A model of the linear loading point of railway cars with bridge cranes has been developed. It allows us to analyse the performance indicators of various options for assigning service areas to loading facilities. The analysis of such indicators as an average transporting time of service elements, a time percentage of cranes work and idle, time for separate movement operations of freight traffic volume is performed. Based on the developed model, a procedure has been developed to determine the most effective strategy for managing the loading point operation. The methodology, which has been tested on the example of a finished product warehouse of a metallurgical enterprise, and allows reducing the total costs in the process of rolled metal products loading has been developed. Originality. Theoretical research and improvement of the operation models of the metallurgical enterprise`s transport and storage complex due to the rational assignment of vehicle loading areas to the cranes. Practical value. The results obtained make it possible to increase the efficiency of the transport and storage complex by reducing the time spent by railway cars in the system with the rational use of loading resources.
GONDOLA CARS DYNAMICS FROM THE ACTION OF LONGITUDINAL FORCES
Authors: A. O. Shvets
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The aim of the work is to study the influence of longitudinal quasistatic tensile and compressive forces in gondola cars arising at stationary and transient modes of train movement on their main dynamic indicators and interaction indicators of rolling stock with a rail track, taking into account the possibility of speed increasing. The relevance of this study is related with the need to control the longitudinal forces arising during stationary and transient modes of train movement, with increasing speeds, masses and lengths of trains, especially freight ones, increasing the locomotives` power. Methodology. The main method for studying the dynamic loading of a gondola car on typical three-element bogies is mathematical and computer modeling of the interaction of rolling stock and track structure based on the model of spatial vibrations of freight cars` couplings. In a theoretical study, the influence of quasistatic longitudinal tensile and compressive forces is considered depending on the change in speed and the force value on the tension of 1 MN; 0.5 MN; 0 and before compression of 0.5 MN; 1 MN. Findings. As a result of theoretical studies and after modeling, taking into account the processes of oscillation of gondola cars under the action of quasistatic longitudinal forces limited by norms to ± 1MN (100 tf), the dependencies of the main parameters normalized by technical documentation are obtained taking into account the value of the movement speed. Originality. The influence of longitudinal compressive and tensile forces on the dynamic loading of a freight car is studied in order to solve the problem of forecasting the dynamics of rolling stock, taking into account the value of the speed along curved track sections. Practical value. Application of the results obtained can increase the stability of freight rolling stock and the strength of the railway track, which in turn will remove some existing restrictions on permissible speeds and increase the technical speed of trains. The obtained dependencies of the main normalized indices on the longitudinal quasistatic force will make it possible to predict the development of deviations and prevent their transformation into the dangerous ones for train movement.