bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA ÓRBITA DEL SATÉLITE LIBERTAD 1
Authors: Portilla José Gregorio
Published: December 2023

Inicialmente  hacemos  una descripción de la  génesis  del satélite  Libertad  1,  un  CubeSat  de tipo 1U  adquirido y  adaptado por  la Universidad Sergio Arboleda el cual se constituyó en el primero objeto en orbitar la Tierra por parte de una institución colombiana. Posteriormente  se  realiza  un  análisis  de  sus  elementos  orbitales  registrados  por  el  NORAD  y  se  calculan  las  tasas  de  decaimiento del  semieje  mayor  causado  por  rozamiento  atmosférico  en  un  periodo  de  cinco  años.   A  partir  de  estos  valores  procedemos  a  una estimación  de la  densidad  promedio  de  la  atm´ósfera  terrestre  a  una altura  cercana  a  los  720  km.
SALVIA GUACANA, UNA NUEVA LABIATAE DE COLOMBIA CON FLORES RESUPINADAS Y SINOPSIS DE SALVIA SECT. TUBIFLORAE
Authors: Fernández Alonso José Luis
Published: December 2023

Se describe e ilustra una especie nueva de Salvia de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia que tiene flores resupinadas, un raro atributo en este género. Se discute la circunscripción y composición de Salvia sección Tubiflorae a la cual se adscribe la nueva especie. Se propone la inclusión de la pequeña sección Killipiana (con dos especies de Colombia) dentro de la sección Tubiflorae. Se presenta una breve sinopsis de la sección Tubiflorae ampliada, que agrupa a 18 taxones (15 especies y tres subespecies) distribuidos desde México hasta Brasil (incluídas Las Antillas).
CARACTERIZACIÓN TEÓRICA DE PÉPTIDOS DE ALTA UNIÓN DE EBA-181 MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE LA TEORÍA DE LA PROBABILIDAD Y LA ENTROPÍA
Authors: Rodríguez Javier , Prieto Signed , Bernal Pedro , Correa Catalina , Vitery Sarith , Mora Jessica , Tapia Diego , López Fredy
Published: December 2023

El antígeno EBA-181 del Plasmodium falciparum se une al glóbulo rojo sugiriendo un papel en la invasión por parte del merozoito. Se aplicó una metodología previamente desarrollada con base en la probabilidad y la entropía, a la caracterización de péptidos de alta unión de EBA-181 al glóbulo rojo. Se calcularon los valores de probabilidad, sumatoria de probabilidad y entropía para las 79 secuencias no sobrelapadas de la proteína; también se efectuaron los cálculos para péptidos teóricos análogos construidos a partir de los péptidos de unión. Las secuencias específicas comprobadas experimentalmente como de alta unión presentaron valores dentro de los rangos asociados al macroestado unión, diferenciando las secuencias que se unen de las que no con un acierto en el 100% de los casos estudiados.
REGISTRO DEL GÉNERO MEGALEAS (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE: HESPERIINAE) PARA COLOMBIA CON DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA NUEVA ESPECIE
Authors: Henao Bañol Efraín Reinel , Andrade-C M. Gonzalo
Published: December 2023

Se analiza el área de distribución del género Megaleas, se registra por primera vez para Colombia y se describe una nueva especie Megaleas angelae n. sp. En Altaquer- Nariño, Sur de Colombia, con base en material depositado en la colección entomológica del Instituto de Ciencias de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá. Se discuten diferencias entre Megaleas syrna y la nueva especie.
Las relaciones personas-espacio público: Reflexiones sobre transformaciones, usos normativos, reducciones y contradicciones del espacio público en pandemia
Authors: Muñoz-Duque Luz Adriana , Ortiz Nidia Elena
Published: December 2023

Sobre la base del carácter espacial de los seres humanos y de la producción social de espacios y lugares, y considerando que la crisis sociosanitaria asociada al covid-19 derivó en cambios en y de los espacios, y en restricciones y mayores regulaciones de los usos espaciales y de las interacciones sociales, este artículo propone una reflexión teórica que aborda las restricciones pandémicas y la relación de las personas con el espacio público en el caso de Colombia. Tal reflexión es desarrollada en torno a cuatro vías de análisis: las transformaciones de la espacialidad pública en tanto materialidad; los usos normativos del espacio público como forma de vigilancia y control de los cuerpos; la reducción del mundo a escalas proximales del lugar y las consecuentes transformaciones en las relacionalidades con y en el espacio público; y, las contradicciones e inequidades del espacio público, expresadas en la distribución desigual de las formas espaciales de vivir la pandemia. Estos aspectos nos llevan a considerar la relevancia de rescatar el sentido vivencial de los espacios públicos, a partir del análisis de nuevas relacionalidades y redes sociales que allí tienen lugar.
Aplicabilidad del derecho a la legítima defensa contra el terrorismo internacional como ataque armado
Authors: Obregón Fernández Aritz
Published: December 2023

La emergencia de grupos terroristas que logran hacerse con el control efectivo de territorio ha provocado que los Estados recurran al uso de la fuerza para acabar con sus cobijos y bases territoriales. Para ello, en muchos casos, se han amparado en el derecho a la legítima defensa. En este contexto, el presente trabajo pretende analizar la aplicabilidad de esta institución contra el terrorismo internacional, estudiando uno de sus prerrequisitos: el ataque armado. Así, se corrobora que los actos terroristas de gravedad pueden ser calificados de ataques armados, entendiendo que se trata de una reconceptualización y aplicación de esta categoría jurídica, se analiza el umbral de gravedad requerido y se estudia la aplicabilidad de la doctrina de acumulación de actos.
The Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights as an Instrument to counter the Rule of Law backsliding en National Legal Systems (Some Doctrinal Reflections)
Authors: Reminska Yuliia
Published: December 2023

The interaction between states and European interstate organizations has taken on a new dimension: through purely domestic doctrine the Rule of Law idea becomes standardised using European informal law-making. The current paper analyses how the European Court of Human Rights can modernise and develop the content of the Rule of Law. This paper offers two main contributions to theoretical legal thought. First, it pinpoints the necessity to conceptualise the meaning and content of the Rule of Law via the instruments of judicial interpretation. Being incorporated in every article of the European Convention, the Rule of Law is interpreted by the Strasbourg Court with the aid of a “living instrument approach”. Second, this article categorises the difference between two main structural levels of the Rule of Law: its principles and their requirements. This allowed the author to build a Rule of Law anti-backsliding “reference system” that is designed in a way that is directly based on judgments rendered by the Court. It is argued that this may be useful for state legal systems as through its jurisprudence, the Court has developed a robust framework for assessing whether a member state violates the Rule of Law standards. The suggested framework has been used to hold member states accountable for their actions and to prevent any backsliding of the Rule of Law in Europe.
Państwo autorytarne Erica Voegelina na tle jego krytyki czystej teorii prawa Hansa Kelsena
Authors: Okoński Jan
Published: December 2023

Artykuł w swojej treści odnosi się do zagadnień przedstawionych w dziele E. Voegelina The Authoritarian State: An Essey on the Problem of the Austrian State, istotnych z punktu widzenia teorii i filozofii prawa. Zwrócono uwagę na krytykę normatywizmu H. Kelsena oraz dokonaną przez Voegelina interpretację parlamentaryzmu międzywojennej Austrii, umieszczonych na tle sporu o państwo austriackie. Wzięto szczególnie pod uwagę aspekt metodologiczny prezentowanego zagadnienia. Część z omawianych kwestii zarysowano na tle powojennej twórczości E. Voegelina.
Uwagi o koncepcji wad oświadczenia woli w prawie polskim i francuskim
Authors: Dziedzic Bartłomiej
Published: December 2023

Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie podstawowych założeń ustawodawców polskiego i francuskiego, które zadecydowały o ukształtowaniu regulacji wad oświadczenia woli w każdym z porządków prawnych. W pierwszej kolejności zaprezentowane zostały zapatrywania obu systemów na pojęcie oświadczenia woli, bez którego rozważenia nie sposób zrozumieć konstrukcji wad oświadczenia woli. Następnie przedstawione zostały koncepcje wad oświadczenia woli przyjęte w dwu systemach: normatywna w prawie polskim i psychologiczna w prawie francuskim. Zidentyfikowane i omówione zostały również wartości chronione przez konstrukcję wad oświadczenia woli. Wyjaśnione zostały nadto ogólne różnice w kodeksowym unormowaniu tych wad w obu systemach. Asumpt do podjęcia rozważań nad tytułowym zagadnieniem stanowi reforma francuskiego prawa zobowiązań dokonana ordonansem z 2016 r., która objęła również regulację wad oświadczenia woli. Towarzyszyła jej żywa dyskusja, która wzbogaciła dorobek doktryny francuskiej o nowe wypowiedzi dotyczące unormowania wad oświadczenia woli.
Warunki zastosowania pakietów zero-rating w świetle zasady neutralności sieci
Authors: Milczarek Ewa
Published: December 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza wpływu pakietów zero-rating na zasadę neutralności sieci. Problematyka ta ma istotne znaczenie dla rynku usług telekomunikacyjnych i internetowych w UE. Efektem badań jest określenie: czy i na jakich warunkach dostawcy usług łączności mogą stosować pakiety zero-rating. Wykorzystując studium przypadku oparte na orzecznictwie TSUE, autorka rozważa relację istoty neutralności sieci i jej rolę w europejskim dziedzictwie aksjologicznym.
A MEDIAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA E A TRANSPOSIÇÃO DIDÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL A DISTÂNCIA NO BRASIL: estado do conhecimento
Authors: Oliveira Priscila Patrícia Moura
Published: December 2023

A oferta de cursos de formação profissional na modalidade a distância tem crescido rapidamente no Brasil. Caracterizado pela possibilidade de estudar a qualquer tempo e em qualquer lugar, esse formato é mais procurado principalmente por aqueles que não dispõem de tempo ou dinheiro para frequentar as salas de aula, normalmente, jovens trabalhadores. Aparentemente benéficas, essas ofertas precisam ser acompanhadas e analisadas com cuidado, uma vez que sua característica pedagógica tem impacto direto no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e, consequentemente, na formação recebida pelo trabalhador. Este estudo tem o objetivo de descrever e sistematizar o conhecimento acerca da mediação pedagógica e da transposição didática na Educação Profissional a distância no Brasil. Para realizá-lo, selecionamos cinco relevantes periódicos científicos brasileiros das áreas de Educação Profissional e Trabalho e Educação. Neles, foi empreendida uma busca por artigos científicos, publicados entre 2017 e 2021, os quais contivessem as palavras-chave “transposição”, “mediação”, “profissional” e “distância”. Os resumos dos dezenove resultados encontrados foram lidos, de maneira a determinar a real correspondência com o presente objeto de estudo. Os três artigos resultantes foram lidos na íntegra e submetidos à análise quanto aos conceitos delimitados. A realização desse trabalho, ao longo do mês de abril de 2022, trouxe como resultado a percepção de que é necessário fortalecer as pesquisas na área, uma vez que os poucos estudos existentes não permitem uma análise mais precisa sobre como os conceitos de mediação pedagógica e de transposição didática são abordados no âmbito da Educação Profissional a distância.
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE AS COMPETÊNCIAS DIGITAIS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DE PROFESSORES E AS POSSIBILIDADES DO METAVERSO PARA A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Borges Wendla Mendes Silva , Nascimento Ilma Vieira do , Rodrigues Sannya Fernanda Nunes
Published: December 2023

O presente texto pretende discutir sobre o trabalho pedagógico de professores, a competência informacional e digital que o professor precisa ter para o seu desenvolvimento profissional e das práticas pedagógicas que desenvolvem. Discute de forma dialética e crítica a relação entre: a competência digital da BNCC que deve ser trabalhada e consolidada até o final da Educação Básica e a competência informacional e digital que o professor precisa ter para o seu desenvolvimento profissional. Demonstra-se o conceito de metaverso e como estas se aplicam às práticas educativas inovadoras. Para isso, realizou-se uma breve revisão sistemática de literatura, analisada numa perspectiva qualitativa, situando metodologias de ensino e possibilidades educacionais nos textos selecionados das bases estudadas. Desta forma, conclui-se ser importante não somente a oferta de formação continuada aos professores, mas a garantia dessa formação, visando habilitá-los para o exercício profissional, alicerçada no uso das tecnologias digitais que proporcione habilidade informacional.
JOGO ‘JORNALISTANDO’: avaliação de um modelo de jogo digital educacional para o ensino do jornalismo
Authors: Cavaignac Selma Maria Gonçalves , Gouveia Luís Borges
Published: December 2023

A sociedade atual exige que a educação prepare o aluno para enfrentar novas situações a cada dia. O cenário de transição/transformação dos saberes, do trabalho e do conhecimento mudou profundamente os processos de educação e formação. Compreende-se que, nesse contexto, educação e tecnologias são indissociáveis. Este estudo está atrelado ao tema da aprendizagem baseada em jogos digitais, focando-se na necessidade de ampliar os estudos sobre o uso de jogos sérios como método de apoio ao ensino, uma vez que as mudanças percebidas no contexto educacional ocorreram com a emergência das Tecnologias Digitais (TD). Dessa maneira, objetiva-se apresentar os resultados da avaliação de uma proposta de jogo educacional digital para o ensino do jornalismo. Parte-se de um estudo de caso realizado com 100 alunos do primeiro e segundo períodos do curso de Jornalismo de uma universidade particular, localizada em São Luís - MA. A partir dos dados coletados, através do questionário, percebeu-se que o jogo atingiu os objetivos inicialmente traçados: promoveu motivação, engajamento e percepção de aprendizagem. Os resultados validaram o jogo educacional digital ‘Jornalistando’ como um método eficaz de ensino de conteúdos curriculares específicos dos cursos de graduação em Jornalismo.
O uso de realidade virtual no cateterismo intravenoso periférico em crianças/adolescentes: relato de experiência
Authors: Rocha Patricia Fernandes Albeirice , Ribeiro Thayna Karoliny da Maia , Pinheiro Ingrid Rebeca Rodrigues , Santos Lorena Sttefany Guimarães dos
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: descrever a experiência do uso da realidade virtual no cateterismo intravenoso periférico em crianças/adolescentes. Método: participaram do estudo 161 crianças/ adolescentes, com idade entre 6 e 15 anos, em atendimento em um pronto socorro, que utilizaram um óculos de realidade virtual durante procedimento de cateterismo intravenoso periférico. Foi utilizada a Escala de Faces Revisada, com valores entre 0-10 para verificar a percepção da dor. Resultados: os relatos dos participantes foram majoritariamente positivos, com apenas 7(4,7%) solicitações de retirada do óculos. Houve relato de nível 0 de dor em 51(33,1%) dos que utilizaram o óculos durante todo o procedimento. Conclusão: a realidade virtual é um recurso que pode ser utilizado como distração durante o cateterismo intravenoso periférico. Para os discentes, houve reflexão sobre o tratamento adequado de enfermagem em pediatria, além do desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação e senso crítico.
Associação entre fatores laborais da equipe de enfermagem na cultura de segurança do paciente
Authors: De Carvalho Lemos Graziele , De Ávila Meireles Laura , Roberta Barbosa Waleska , Azevedo Cissa , Carrilho Menezes Aline , Cristiny Teodoro Couto Ribeiro Helen , Regina Ferreira da Mata Luciana
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: avaliar a cultura de segurança do paciente em função de variáveis relacionadas ao trabalho exercido pela equipe de enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com profissionais de enfermagem de três hospitais. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a escala Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Resultados: a dimensão 3 (Aprendizado organizacional – melhoria contínua) apresentou o maior percentual de respostas positivas (58,2%), enquanto a dimensão 12 (Respostas não punitivas ao erro) apresentou o menor percentual (19,2%). Algumas variáveis laborais apresentaram relação com a cultura de segurança do paciente, como prestar assistência direta ao paciente (p<0,045) e tempo de trabalho na unidade (p<0,014). Conclusão: a cultura de segurança do paciente pode ser influenciada por fatores laborais. Assim, é necessária a avaliação de suas características a fim de traçar modelos de melhoria da qualidade voltados aos processos de trabalho na enfermagem.
Infección por Toxocara canis y su importancia en la salud animal y en la salud pública: una revisión
Authors: Alvarado-Borja Valeria , Valladares-Carranza Benjamín , Ortega-Santana César , Rivero-Pérez Nallely , Bañuelos-Valenzuela Rómulo , Zaragoza-Bastida Adrián , Delgadillo-Ruíz Lucia , Velázquez-Ordoñez Valente
Published: December 2023

El parásito Toxocara canis representa un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Este agente es un ascárido que en estado adulto vive en el intestino delgado del perro doméstico y de varios cánidos silvestres; presenta un ciclo biológico complejo que asegura su transmisión y permanencia en los hospederos que afecta; en su fase intestinal ocasiona acción mecánica, irritativa y obstructiva, interfiriendo en el tránsito y la digestión de los alimentos. La toxocariasis afecta a perros y gatos jóvenes; produce signos respiratorios (tos, debido a la migración de larvas pulmonares), retraso del crecimiento (emaciación, debilitamiento del pelaje y artralgia) y trastornos intestinales (alternancia de diarrea y estreñimiento, abultamiento de abdomen y vómitos). Las infecciones prenatales más intensas en los cachorros pueden conducir a enfermedades graves con diarrea y estreñimiento alterno, vómitos, típico «vientre de olla», crecimiento reducido con caquexia, capa de pelo pobre y, en algunos casos, la muerte. Se ha reportado su presencia en suelos de parques públicos, en donde contamina el ambiente y se convierte en una fuente de infección para las personas. En las infecciones en perros, especialmente vagabundos, los nematodos son un factor epidémico importante en la naturaleza. Respecto a la infección en el humano, el proceso tiende a convertirse en una afección crónica con un amplio espectro de manifestaciones clínicas, desde un curso asintomático hasta las formas características de presentaciones clínicas, como la larva migrans visceral, ocular, neurológica y encubierta. En cuanto al control y la prevención, se debe considerar la educación para la salud, a fin de modificar las prácticas de riesgo de los propietarios de animales de compañía y la comunidad en general.
Patient Satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Services at a Hospital Outpatient Pharmacy in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Juwita Dian Ayu , Desri Nurul Qalbi , Permatasari Dita
Published: December 2023

Background: Patient satisfaction stands as a metric for evaluating the quality of pharmaceutical services. The presence of community requests for high-quality pharmaceutical services has driven pharmacy personnel to enhance these services, aiming to establish patient satisfaction. Objective: The objective of this research is to assess the degree of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services in the outpatient pharmacy and to explore how this satisfaction is linked to the patients’ sociodemographics. Methods: Conducted at Padang Panjang Hospital's Outpatient Pharmacy in West Sumatra, Indonesia, this descriptive research employed a questionnaire administered directly to patients. The method used involves a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions divided into two dimensions: Friendly Explanation (containing 11 questions) and Managing Therapy (containing nine questions). The questionnaire's validity (r > 0.632) and reliability (0.97). Data analysis was performed utilizing the Likert scale. Results: There were a total of respondents in this study (365 patients). Most of them (64.4%) were female, in the pre-elderly age group (45.2%), had completed high school (41.1%), and were housewives (31.8%). In general, the level of patient satisfaction is categorized as satisfied, with an average score of 3.49. Specifically, the "Friendly Explanation" got a score of 3.69, and the "Management of Therapy" got a score of 3.25. The study indicated notable statistical disparities in patient satisfaction levels based on age, education, and occupation (p<0.05), but gender did not have a significant impact (p>0.05). Conclusion: In summation, the study found that patients were satisfied with the pharmaceutical services at Padang Panjang Hospital's Outpatient Pharmacy.
Analysis of Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) Compounds Against the PLpro Enzyme SARS-COV-2
Authors: Lalu Sanik Wahyu Fadil Amrulloh  , Nuraini Harmastuti  , Andri Prasetiyo  , Rina Herowati
Published: December 2023

Background: Using natural ingredients as antivirals can be considered a treatment for SARS-CoV-2. One of the potential plants, mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King), is widely used in various countries as an antiviral treatment. Paparin-like protease (PLpro) is an essential cysteine ​​protease that regulates viral replication and interferes with the regulation of immune sensing. Objective: This study aims to predict which compounds in the mahogany plant have good affinity, patterns, and stability interaction against the target protein of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: The drug-likeness parameter using SwissADME was used to screen compounds that will be docked against PLpro using the Autodock program. The parameters observed in molecular docking analysis are the value of bond energy and interaction model to amino acid residues. The compounds in mahogany plants that have the best interactions were then analyzed using molecular dynamics simulation methods to determine the stability of their bonds based on the values of Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) and Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF). Results: Twenty-two compounds met the drug-likeness requirements. Molecular docking analysis showed that the compounds predicted to have the best binding affinity and have an interaction pattern similar to natural ligands towards the molecular target of PLpro are 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin and 3β-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one. The molecular dynamics simulation results revealed that based on the RMSD and RMSF values, the compound 3β-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one showed higher stability than 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin. Conclusion: 3β-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one and 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin were predicted to have good interaction with PLPro; however, 3β-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one showed the higher interaction stability.
AMAZÔNIA URBANA
Authors: Glenda Barros Moura
Published: December 2023

Em entrevista, a professora titular da Universidade Federal do Pará Ana Cláudia Cardoso conta sobre a sua trajetória dentro da academia, passando pela sua graduação até o doutoramento na Oxford Brookes University, trazendo apontamentos sobre as mudanças no ensino e pesquisa na área da Arquitetura e Urbanismo no Brasil, em especial na região Norte. Além disso, a pesquisadora aborda temas de seus trabalhos recentes, como os estudos sobre o periurbano na Amazônia, e comenta sobre a criação do Observatório Amazonicidades, cujo objetivo é promover e ampliar as discussões sobre um assunto ainda pouco debatido: as cidades e o urbano dentro da região amazônica.
Perspectives of People At-Risk on Parkinson's Prevention Research
Authors: Keavney Jessi L. , Mathur Soania , Schroeder Karlin , Merr Ray , Castillo-Torres Sergio A. , Gao Virginia , Crotty Grace F. , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Poma John M.
Published: December 2023

The movement toward prevention trials in people at-risk for Parkinson’s is rapidly becoming a reality. The authors of this article include a genetically at-risk advocate with the LRRK2 G2019S variant and two patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), one of whom has now been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD). These authors participated as speakers, panelists, and moderators in the “Planning for Prevention of Parkinson’s: A Trial Design Forum” hosted by Massachusetts General Hospital in 2021 and 2022. Other authors include a young onset person with Parkinson’s (PwP) and retired family physician, an expert in patient engagement in Parkinson’s, and early career and veteran movement disorders clinician researchers. Several themes emerged from the at-risk participant voice concerning the importance of early intervention, the legitimacy of their input in decision-making, and the desire for transparent communication and feedback throughout the entire research study process. Challenges and opportunities in the current environment include lack of awareness among primary care physicians and general neurologists about PD risk, legal and psychological implications of risk disclosure, limited return of individual research study results, and undefined engagement and integration of individuals at-risk into the broader Parkinson’s community. Incorporating the perspectives of individuals at-risk as well as those living with PD at this early stage of prevention trial development is crucial to success.
Structural View of Human ABCs in Multidrug Resistance
Authors: Fan Wenjie , Luo Min
Published: December 2023

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, acting as cellular "pumps," facilitate solutes translocation through membranes via ATP hydrolysis. Their overexpression is closely tied to multidrug resistance (MDR), a major obstacle in chemotherapy and neurological disorder treatment, hampering drug accumulation and delivery. Extensive research has delved into the intricate interplay between ABC transporter structure, function, and potential inhibition for MDR reversal. Cryo-electron microscopy has been instrumental in unveiling structural details of various MDR-causing ABC transporters, encompassing ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCG2, as well as recently revealed ABCC3 and ABCC4 structures. The newly obtained structural insight has deepened our understanding of substrate and drug binding, translocation mechanisms, and inhibitor interactions. Given the growing body of structural information available for human MDR transporters and their associated mechanisms, we believe it is timely to compile a comprehensive review of these transporters and compare their functional mechanisms in the context of multidrug resistance. Therefore, this review primarily focuses on the structural aspects of clinically significant human ABC transporters linked to MDR, with the aim of providing valuable insights to enhance the effectiveness of MDR reversal strategies in clinical therapies.
Antibiotic Resistance and MecA Gene in Isolates of Staphylococcus spp. in Bats
Authors: Marques Marcelo Aparecido , Dos Santos Isabela Carvalho , Camargo Matheus Henrique Soares de , Manoel Gustavo , Batista Aline Cristiane Cechinel Assing , Bonato Francieli Gesleine Capote , Martins Lisiane de Almeida , Sakumoto Karina , Hoscheid Jaqueline , Dalmagro Mariana , Albano Mariana , Barbosa Lidiane Nunes , Gonçalves Daniela Dib
Published: December 2023

Staphylococcus spp. are among the main pathogens responsible for important infections worldwide, both in humans and in domestic or wild animals. Chiropterans, popularly known as bats, inhabit natural environments and human constructions, and have been considered potential disseminators of several pathogens. Studies have shown the expression of the mecA gene in these animals, being a significant threat to One Health. The objective of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance and the presence of the mecA gene in Staphylococcus spp. isolates from bats from forest areas in the municipalities of Paraná, Brazil. A total of 87 frugivorous chiropterans belonging to the family Phyllostomidae were captured. Of these, 87 rectal and 87 oral swabs samples were collected, re-sulting in 32 Staphylococcus spp. isolates. Twenty-four isolates were characterized as coagu-lase-negative, and 8 coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. (STACP), which showed notable re-sistance to oxacillin (78.12%), penicillin G (65.62%) and to other antimicrobials as well. One STACP isolate was mecA-positive. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of contamination and dissemination of these pathogens, emphasizing that anthropic actions in na-tural environments, especially those related to the use of antimicrobials, pesticides may be the main reasons for the presence of resistant bacteria in bats.
Promoting Institutional Cooperation through a Joint Project-Based Learning Course: A Case Study of Upper-Secondary School and University Students’ Experienced Relevance
Authors: Ikävalko Topias , Pernaa Johannes , Haatainen Outi , Aksela Maija
Published: December 2023

There is a great need to develop research-based models for supporting collaboration between educational institutions. Collaboration models are needed, for example, to assist the transition from lower educational level to higher education or from higher education to work life. In this research, collaboration was conducted through a joint upper-secondary school and university course that addressed global challenges by using a project-based learning approach. There is a shortage of research exploring students’ perceptions of collaboration. Therefore, the main purpose of this qualitative case study is to explore the relevance of the joint course for students and university students. The research was guided by the following research question: What kind of relevance did the students experience in the joint project-based learning course? The data was gathered using questionnaires, interviews, and reflective study reports. The data was analyzed via theory-based content analysis where research-oriented relevance model was used as the analysis framework. The analysis framework enabled categorizing experienced relevance on individual, vocational and societal dimensions. Altogether, the analysis produced 7 relevance categories for upper-secondary students and 9 for university students. According to the analysis, upper-secondary school students felt that the course offered the most on an individual relevance dimension whereas university students experienced the vocational relevance dimension most diverse. As the main conclusion, this research produced new insights on the experienced relevance of upper-secondary level and higher education cooperation from the students’ point of view. The acquired knowledge can be useful for everyone developing new cross-institutional cooperation models.
Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning of Binary Neural Network Controllers for Pendulum Task — Part1: Evolution Strategy
Authors: Okada Hidehiko
Published: December 2023

The author previously reported an experimental result of evolutionary reinforcement learning of neural network controllers for the pendulum task. In the previous work, a conventional multilayer perceptron was employed in which connection weights were real numbers. In this study, the author experimentally applies an evolutionary algorithm to the reinforcement training of binary neural networks. In both studies, the same task and the same evolutionary algorithm are utilized, i.e. the pendulum control problem and Evolution Strategy respectively. The only differences lie in the memory size per connection weight and the model size of the neural network. The findings from this study are (1) the performance of the binary MLP with 32 hidden units was inferior to that of the real-valued MLP with 16 hidden units; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p >.05); (2) the trained binary MLP successfully swung the pendulum swiftly into an inverted position and maintained its stability after inversion, as the real-valued MLP had done; and (3) the memory size required to record the binary MLP with 32 hidden units is 3.1% or 6.2% of the memory size required to record the real-valued MLP with 16 hidden units.
Advertising and Eco-Labels as Influencers of Eco-Consumer Attitudes and Awareness. Case Study of Ecuador
Authors: Carrión-Bósquez Nelson , Veas-González Iván , Naranjo-Armijo Franklin , Llamo-Burga Mary , Ortiz-Regalado Oscar , Ruiz-García Wilfredo , Guerra-Regalado Wilson , Vidal-Silva Cristian
Published: December 2023

The present study identified the influence of green advertising and eco-labels on the attitude and environmental awareness of millennials who purchase ecological products in shopping centers in Ecuador. The research was quantitative, correlational and with a cross-sectional design. A total of 430 millennials participated in the study. A 20-question survey was applied in person outside the shopping centers of Quito and Guayaquil - Ecuador. The convergent and discriminant validity of the research model was verified using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Models (SEM). SPSS 20 and AMOS 24 programs were used for statistical analysis. The results show that green advertising influences environmental attitudes (β: 0,245) and awareness (β: 0,110) and specifically influences purchasing behaviour (β: 0,154) for green products. Although eco-labels do not directly influence purchasing behaviour (β: 0,128), they influence the attitudes (β: 0,406) and ecological awareness (β: 0,277) of millennials who buy organic products. This article is one of the first studies to identify the relationship between green advertising elements and green product purchasing behaviors among millennials in a developing country, concluding that marketing strategies based on green advertising and eco-labels have an impact on the attitude and environmental awareness of millennials, but only advertising directly affects purchasing behaviour while eco-labels do not. This research has social implications since it corroborates that millennials are concerned about environmental problems and are willing to contribute to sustainability.
Drought Stress Responses in Arabica Coffee Genotypes: Physiological and Metabolic Insights
Authors: Chekol Habtamu , Warkineh Bikila , Shimber Tesfaye , Degu Asfaw
Published: December 2023

Understanding the impact of drought stress on Arabica coffee physiology and metabolism is essential in the pursuit of developing drought-resistant varieties. In this study, we explored the physiological and metabolite changes in coffee genotypes exhibiting varying degrees of tolerance to drought—namely, the relatively tolerant Ca74110 and Ca74112, and the sensitive Ca754 and CaJ-19—under well-watered conditions and during terminal drought stress periods over two-time intervals (0 and 60 days following the onset of stress). The Metabolites profiling conducted uncovered significant associations between growth and the physiological characteristics of coffee genotypes with distinct drought tolerance behaviors. Initially, no marked differences were observed among genotypes or treatments. However, at the 60-day post-drought onset, notable increases in shoot growth, biomass, CO2 assimilation, pigments, and various physiological parameters were evident, particularly in the relatively tolerant genotypes. Metabolite profiling revealed elevations in glucose, maltose, amino acids, organic acids, and decreases in other metabolites, more pronounced in drought-tolerant genotypes. These alterations were more pronounced in the drought-tolerant genotypes, indicating a correlation with enhanced compatible solutes and energy-associated metabolites crucial for drought tolerance mechanisms. This research introduces GC-MS based metabolome profiling to Ethiopian coffee, shedding light on the intricate responses to drought stress and paving the way for the potential development of drought-resistant coffee seedlings in intensified agro-ecological zones.
Responsive Microgels Based on Raft-Hda Dynamic Covalent Bonding
Authors: Nie Jingkai , Yin Hang , Cao Ruyue , Huang Changyuan , Luo Xiang , Ji Jun
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a method for the preparation of ultrasound-responsive microgels was developed based on RAFT-HDA dynamic covalent bonding. First, a styrenic cross-linked network was suc-cessfully prepared by DA reaction between phosphoryl dithioester and furan using double-ended BDEPDF as RAFT reagent mediated St polymerization as double-ended dienophile linker and co-polymer of FMA and St as dienophile. Subsequently, the microgel system was constructed by the HDA reaction between phosphoryl disulfide and furan groups using the copolymer of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate (OEGMA) and FMA as the dienophore building block and hy-drophilic segment, and the polystyrene pro-dienophile linker as the cross-linker and hydrophobic segment. The number of furans in the dienophile chain and the length of the dienophile linker were regulated by RAFT polymerization to investigate the effects of single-molecule chain functional group degree (f), furan/dithioester ratio (r), and hydrophobic linker length (D) on the microgel system. These microgels can achieve the reversible transformation of materials under force re-sponsiveness, and the steps are simple and adaptive, which are expected to show important po-tential applications in the fields of biomedical materials and adaptive electrical materials.
Radical Reactions in Organic Synthesis: in-, on- and with- Water
Authors: Chatgilialoglu Chryssostomos , Barata-Vallejo Sebastian , Gimisis Thanasis
Published: December 2023

Radical reactions in water or aqueous media are important for organic synthesis, realizing high yielding processes under non-toxic and environmentally friendly conditions. This overview includes (i) a general introduction to organic chemistry in water and aqueous media, (ii) synthetic approaches in-, on- and with-water as well as in heterogeneous phase, (iii) reaction of carbon-centered radicals with water (or deuterium oxide) activated through coordination with various Lewis acids, (iv) photocatalysis in water and aqueous media, and (v) synthetic applications bioinspired from naturally occurring processes. A wide range of chemical processes and synthetic strategies under different experimental conditions have been reviewed that lead to important functional group translocation and transformation reactions, leading to the preparation of complex molecules. These results reveal how water as a solvent/medium/reagent in radical chemistry has matured over the last two decades and how further discoveries are foreseen to come in the near future.
The Lives Saved: A Literature Review on the Role of Radiotherapy Improving Prognosis in Cancer Patients
Authors: Desai Dev , Malafi Maria Eleni
Published: December 2023

Radiotherapy, also known as radiation therapy, is a treatment modality based on the use of high energy rays or radioactive substances, to damage tumoral cells and halt their growth and division. It is an effective tool for treating cancer of different kinds for more than 100 years with remarkable outcomes for cancer patients. This technique is characterised by notable technological innovations and methodologies, enhanced precision and effectiveness. Initially, precision and efficacy of radiotherapy are improved by technological advancements, such as the development of linear accelerators and brachytherapy. As a result, Radiotherapy has transformed the prognosis for cancer patients enhancing survival rates and improving quality of life. Also, it offers targeted and personalized treatment with advancements in imaging techniques such as Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) and innovations like Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT), Adaptive Radiotherapy (ART) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Additionally, techniques like proton therapy result in reduced side effects and collateral damage. Although, among the challenges and future perspectives we note the issue of affordability and accessibility. Ongoing research into immunotherapy and nanotechnology and their synergy with radiation therapy shows potential for further improving treatment outcomes. In conclusion, the evolution of radiotherapy has been a transformative journey, reshaping the prognosis and outcomes for cancer patients.
17β-Estradiol Effects in Skeletal Muscle: A 31P MR Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) Study of Young Females during Early-Follicular (EF) and Peri-ovulation (PO) Phases
Authors: Ren Jimin , Rodriguez Luis , Johnson Talon , Henning Anke , Dhaher Yasin
Published: December 2023

The natural variation in estrogen secretion throughout the female menstrual cycle impacts various organs, including estrogen receptor (ER)-expressed skeletal muscle. Many women commonly experience increased fatigue or reduced energy levels in the days leading up to and during menstruation when blood estrogen levels decline. Yet, it remains unclear whether endogenous 17β-estradiol, a major estrogen component, directly affects energy metabolism in skeletal muscle due to the intricate and fluctuating nature of female hormones.

In this study, we employed 3D 31P FID-MRSI to investigate phosphoryl metabolites in the soleus muscle of a cohort of young females (average age: 28 ± 6 years, n = 7) during the early follicular (EF) and peri-ovulation (PO) phases when their blood 17β-estradiol levels differ significantly (EF: 28 ± 18 pg/mL vs. PO: 71 ± 30 pg/mL, p < 0.05), while the levels of other potentially interfering hormones remain relatively invariant. Our findings reveal a reduction in ATP-referenced phosphocreatine (PCr) levels in the EF phase compared to the PO phase for all participants (5.4 ± 4.3%). Furthermore, we observe a linear correlation between muscle PCr levels and blood 17β-estradiol concentrations (r = 0.64, p = 0.014). Conversely, inorganic phosphate Pi and phospholipid metabolite GPC levels remain independent of 17β-estradiol but display a high correlation between EF and PO phases (p = 0.015 for Pi and p = 0.0008 for GPC).The robust association we have identified between ATP-referenced PCr and 17β-estradiol suggests that 17β-estradiol plays a modulatory role in the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle.
NSD3 in Cancer: Unraveling Methyltransferase-Dependent and Isoform-Specific Functions
Authors: Cruz Yanara Nuñez , Vera Sebastian , Baeza Victor , Gonzalez-Pecchi Valentina
Published: December 2023

NSD3 is a member of the NSD histone methyltransferase family of proteins. In recent years, it has been identified as a potential oncogene in certain types of cancer. NSD3 gene encodes three isoforms, the full length, a short (NSD3S) and WHISTLE isoforms. Importantly, NSD3S isoform corresponds to the N-terminal of the full-length protein, lacking the methyltransferase domain. The chromosomal location of NSD3 is frequently amplified across cancer types, such as breast, lung, colon, among others. Recently, this amplification has been correlated to a chromothripsis event, that could explain the different NSD3 alterations found in cancer. Fusion proteins containing NSD3 have also been reported, such as leukemia NSD3-NUP98, and in NUT midline carcinoma (NMC), NSD3-NUT fusion. Its role as an oncogene has been described by modulating different cancer pathways through its methyltransferase activity, or the short isoform of the protein, through protein interactions. Specifically, in this review we will focus on stating the functions that have been characterized as methyltransferase dependent, and those that have been correlated with the expression of the NSD3S isoform. Altogether, there is evidence that both isoforms of NSD3 are relevant for cancer progression, establishing NSD3 as a therapeutic target. However, further functional studies are needed to differentiate NSD3 oncogenic activity as dependent or independent of the catalytic domain of the protein, as well as the contribution of each isoform and its clinical significance in cancer progression.
Prospective Study of 506 Dogs with Tick Paralysis: Investigating Measures of Severity and Clinical Signs as Predictors of Mortality and Assessing the Benefits of Different Therapeutics.
Authors: Atwell Rick , Vankan Dianne
Published: December 2023

Survey data from 42 Australian eastern seaboard veterinary practices involving 506 cases are reported with regard to clinical signs, disease severity, mortality, use of pharmaceuticals, and recovery times. New measures of disease severity (visual analogue scales (VAS) and facial expressions) were tested alongside “gold standard” measures (neuromuscular junction (NMJ) scores). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between variables. The VAS scores were progressive, prognostic (especially the respiratory scores) and correlated with the NMJ scores. The presence of inspiratory dyspnoea and crackles on the day of hospitalization, progressing to expiratory dyspnoea and an expiratory wheeze 24 hours later were highly predictive of mortality. Altered facial features on hospital admission were also highly predictive of mortality. The previously used respiratory score (using various clinical signs) was not predictive of mortality. Older animals had a higher mortality rate and no gender or breed susceptibility was found. The only pharmaceuticals that were positively associated with mortality were tick anti-serum and, in severe cases, antibiotics. The use of many pharmaceutical products (acepromazine, atropine, steroids, antihistamines, antiemetics, diuretics and S8 anti-anxiety and sedation drugs) had no effect on mortality. More drug classes were used with increasing clinical severity and specific factors (e.g. vomiting/retching, hydration) affected the period of hospitalisation. Geographic variation in respiratory signs and toxicity scores was evident, whereas mortality and disease severity were not different across regions.
Machine Learning-based Aircraft Conflict Prediction: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jamal Maryam , ashraf humaira , Jhanjhi NZ
Published: December 2023

Over the last few decades, there is a remarkable increase in air traffic worldwide; however, despite of rapid technological development and improved airport infrastructure, there is still an increasing number of aviation accidents and fatalities. In order to meet safety demands of Air Traffic Control (ATC), Machine Learning (ML) based aircraft conflict detection techniques are focused to predict events before they come to reality. This research presents a systematic literature review (SLR) about the applications of ML techniques in safety prediction of ATC system. Initially, the existing aircraft conflict prediction models are classified into three broad categories; logical, geometric and probabilistic. A formal process of SLR is then conducted which is initiated with preprocessing and effective searching. A series of filtering called title, abstract and objective-based are then applied to extract the most relevant articles. Detailed and critical reviews of selected articles are performed to identify challenges which are segregated into dataset, model and evaluation techniques, furthermore, the optimal solutions for each are proposed. Finally the matrices to map the identified challenged with their proposed solutions are constructed. This research serves as a foundation for future research and towards integration of ML based safety prediction techniques into modern ATC system.