bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERIOPERATIVE ANESTHESIA: TO DO OR NOT TO DO?
Authors: Firsov S. A. , Lepilov A. S. , Matveev R. P. , Savinkin V. S.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. In patients with chronic loco-motor system diseases the pain often persists after arthroplasty and does not respond to symptomatic therapy.Purpose of study: to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative use of Meloxicam in patients after hip arthroplasty. Patients and methods. The follow-up covered 120 patients (mean age 64.4±5.23 years) after hip arthroplasty. In the main group (n=60) Meloxicam was given 7 days prior to and 3 weeks after surgery; after intervention narcotic analgesic was used on the request. In control group (n=60) the patients were only on narcotic analgesic on request after operation. Treatment results were assessed by 100-millimeter visual analog scale (VAS) and D’Aubigné-Postel Score.Results. Seven days before the surgery the pain severity in the main and control groups was comparable: 85±2.3 and 84±2.1, respectively. In 2 days after operation the pain relief was more pronounced in the main group — 69±2.1 mm versus 82±3.4 mm in the control group (p0.05). In 3 months those indices made up 10±2.1 and 35±12.6 mm (p0.001), respectively. In the main group the result was assessed as the excellent and good in 22 patients, in the rest of patients as satisfactory by d’Aubigné-Postel Score. In the control group the good result was recorded in 9, satisfactory — in 47 and poor — in 4 cases.Conclusion. Meloxicam may be considered as an effective perioperative analgesic in large joints arthroplasty.
Effect on nosocomial sepsis of topical oil application, skin condition, and care practice device usage in preterm neonates: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kukreja Bhavya , Kumar Ajay , Satyanarayana Labani
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Compromised skin barrier increases the susceptibility of high-risk preterm neonates to nosocomial sepsis. Thus, topical oil application may be a promising strategy for improving neonatal outcomes. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the effect of topical oil application on the incidence of nosocomial sepsis and skin condition. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in a referral neonatal unit. The study included consecutive preterm neonates admitted before 4 days of age with admission weight of 1000–2000 g. Computer-generated random number sequence was used for grouping neonates in sunflower oil (n=39) and control (n=39) groups. Results: 70 neonates (89.7%) completed the trial. At enrollment, baseline characteristics, clinical features, and lab abnormalities for sepsis evaluation were comparable in two groups. The incidence of nosocomial sepsis was 15.4% and 17.9% in oil and control group (p=0.7613). On day 10 of enrolment, in oil group, all 23 babies, and in control group, only 1 of 21 babies had normal skin (p<0.001). On multiple regression analysis, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for care practice device usage (v/s. randomized group and skin condition) in the causation of nosocomial sepsis was 1.189 (1.08?1.298, p=0.002). Conclusions: No difference in the incidence of nosocomial sepsis was observed between the oil and control groups. However, each additional day of care practice devices usage increased the risk of nosocomial sepsis by 1.19 times, despite oil application and/or improvement in the skin condition.
Absence of bones at birth - A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Tyagi Vernika , Jain Ashish , Chopra Abhishek
Published: December 2018

We present a male stillborn baby, born with disproportionate body and omphalocele. The infantogram revealed the absence of mineralization of all the bones, except for a minimal ossification of the ribs and spine. The possibilities that can be considered in such a case of absent mineralization at birth are very few. A definite diagnosis can be made on detailed clinical examination and the specific pattern of bone mineralization. The classical phenotypic features, associated anomalies, and the pattern of mineralization facilitated in diagnosing the rare entity, boomerang syndrome. Although the diagnosis should be confirmed by genetic studies, it is important to know the classical phenotypic and radiological features of boomerang dysplasia as it is often mistaken as achondrogenesis.
Agenda Open Government Memerangi Korupsi Melalui Inisiatif Open Data
Authors: Soegiono Agie Nugroho
Published: December 2018

Esai ini mendiskusikan partisipasi masyarakat ataupun pemangku kepentingan nonpemerintah dalam upaya pemberantasan dan pencegahan korupsi di Indonesia. Mendeklarasikandiri sebagai salah satu pemerintah terbuka (Open Government) di dunia, Pemerintah Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir telah melakukan berbagai macam inisiatif keterbukaan guna merealisasikan peran riil masyarakat dalam mengawal pemerintahan yang transparan, akuntabel, responsif, dan bersih. Esai ini secara khusus mendiskusikan implementasi data terbuka (Open Data), salah satu inisiatif pemerintah untuk membuka informasi ataupun data pemerintah kepada publik sebagai kunci penting pencegahan dan pemberantasan korupsi. Selanjutnya, dalam esai ini dibahas dataset apa saja yang sekiranya harus dirilis oleh pemerintah, yang berpotensi untuk memaksimalkan penyelidikan kasus korupsi. Terakhir, esai ini memberikan empat rekomendasi yang ditujukan untuk perbaikan tata kelola penyelenggaraan open data di Indonesia sebagai langkah nyata dalam memberantas korupsi.
Penerapan Perancangan Aplikasi Berbasis Windows Pada Sistem Informasi di Klinik Pratama Dandy
Authors: Nur Fauziah
Published: December 2018

Kemajuan teknologi sekarang mempengaruhi banyak aspek terutama di bidang kesehatan seperti dalam bidang administrasi klinik. Dapat dilihat saat ini masih ada sebagian klinik belum memanfaatkan sistem informasi sebagai sebuah pengolah transaksi-transaksi untuk melayani masyarakat. Dengan memanfaatkan sistem informasi dalam sebuah organisasi atau lembaga dapat mengurangi biaya dalam penyampaian atau penyajian informasi. Tujuan: Oleh karena itu, teknologi membantu kemudahan pekerjaan dalam penginputan data pasien sehingga menjadi efektif. Metode: Agar penginputan data pasien memudahkan administrasi maka dibuatlah sebuah sistem informasi berupa aplikasi yang menginputkan data pasien ke dalam database. Hasil: Microsoft visual basic sebagai program aplikasi yang menginputkan data pasien ke database. Kesimpulan: Microsoft Access sebagai tempat penyimpanan data yang dapat menyimpan data dalam jumlah besar dan dapat di update suatu waktu.
Pengaruh Faktor Waktu Pelayanan Kenyamanan Dan Keistimewaan Dan Hubungan Antar Manuisa Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Pengguna BPJS di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Aceh Singkil
Authors: Bancin Eka Sartika , Aini Fadilah , Gunawan Roni
Published: December 2018

Jaminan kesehatan adalah jaminan berupa perlindungan kesehatan agar peserta memperoleh manfaat pemeliharaan kesehatan yang diberikan kepada setiap orang yang telah membayar iuran. Salah satu pelayanan kesehatan yang bekerjasama dengan BPJS adalah Rumah Sakit (fasilitas kesehatan tingkat lanjut). Tujuan; untuk mengetahui pengaruh factor waktu pelayanan kenyamanan dan keistimewaan dan  hubungan antar manusia terhadap kepuasan pasien pengguna BPJS di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Aceh Singkil. Metode; Jenis penelitan adalah ekspalanatori research. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 74 pasien yang menngunakan BPJS di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Aceh Singkil.Data dianalisis dengan melakukan uji analisis regresi linier berganda.Hasil; Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variable hubungan antar manusia terhadap kepuasan pasien pengguna BPJS di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Aceh Singkil diperoleh nilai sig 0,008 < 0,05, terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara variable Waktu Pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pasien pengguna BPJS di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Aceh Singkil diperoleh nilai sig 0,000 <0,05.dan tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variabel kenyamanan keistimewaan terhadap kepuasanan pasien pengguna BPJS di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Aceh Singkil dengan nilai sig 0,778. Kesimpulan; Diharapkan kepada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Aceh Singkil agar lebih meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada pasien pengguna BPJS kususnya pelayanan di instalasi rawat inap agar menjadi lebih baik lagi.
Research-Teaching-Practice linkages: A challenge for Business Schools
Authors: Gutierrez Anabel
Published: December 2018

Changes in the global business environment are driving changes to the way business schools deliver higher education. However, the long debated gap between academia and industry (research-practice) remains unsolved. This paper explores the integration of research-teaching activities as an alternative to overcome the sometimes conflictual relationship between research and teaching and, more importantly, as a mechanism to reduce the research-practice gap. The aim of this research is to evaluate the extent to which it is feasible to integrate research-teaching in higher education. The practical suggestions to reduce the research-teaching gap proposed by Burke and Rau (2010) are tested in this paper through action research. This research provides empirical evidence on the relationships between research, teaching and practice which could help to improve academic performance, produce better managers for industry and consequently, build a bridge between academics and practitioners.
Sources of Irregularity and Managing Migration: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Sirkeci Ibrahim , Martin Philip L.
Published: December 2018

This paper examines immigration and irregularity in times of both economic growth and recession in Turkey with reference to a conflict model of migration. Dealing effectively with irregularity requires a wider-than-migration perspective, and regional and global cooperation between all stakeholders, including governments and individuals, to curtail. Many of the reasons for irregular migration lie in policies and practices which aim to control migration. Turkey provides an example of a rapidly growing economy in a region of conflicts, attracting immigrants from its immediate neighbourhood and beyond, and highlighting the need for cooperation among all countries involved to manage this migration. Nevertheless, the current immigration regime in Turkey is open to generate more irregular migration.
Migrant associations as alternative jobs providers: Experience of Turkish and sub-Saharan communities in Belgium
Authors: Manco Altay , Gerstnerova Andrea
Published: December 2018

It can be said that Belgian labour market has been challenged since the 1970s due to changing economic landscape. The two major drivers for change were the deindustrialization and globalization. For some, these two drivers have brought a perceptible deterioration of working conditions and pay. In general, foreign workers are among the first to be affected from such changes. Their temporary residence status, unrecognized qualifications, limited language skills and lack of access to the social networks of the native-born Belgians make them particularly disadvantaged in the labour market. In order to overcome these obstacles, migrant communities have developed various, more or less effective, measures. This paper discusses the role of migrant associations in economic integration among the Turkish and the sub-Saharan communities residing in Belgium. Particular emphasis is made on the contribution of the community’s social capital in the process of transferring knowledge, financial and material means and professional networks.
Meaning and Functions of Norwegian-Turkish Vernacular Space in Drammen, Norway
Authors: Nikielska-Sekula Karolina
Published: December 2018

This paper discusses the functions and meaning of Norwegian-Turkish vernacular space in Norway. Employing the Foucauldian concept of heterotopia, it analyzes Turkish ethnic clubs in Drammen - a midsized city situated in the western part of Norway. In 2013, 25% of the city’s inhabitants were of an immigrant background with the majority (13.5%) being of Turkish origin (Høydahl, 2014). Most of them arrived in the city as “guest workers” in the late 1960s and 1970s, and were followed afterwards by other members of their families. Due to their prolonged residence, they have managed to make an imprint on the city’s landscape. This study shows that Norwegian-Turkish ethnic clubs are heterotopias of Norwegian society, in a Foucauldian understanding of the term. They embody practices, discourses and signs of identity originating from Turkey, being at the same time ordered by the rules of Norwegian society. I argue that those transnational spaces, labeled as “foreign,” and linked to Turkey, bear strong influences from the host society and should be regarded as Norwegian-Turkish, rather than Turkish.
Front Matter
Authors: Crossing Border
Published: December 2018

Front Matter of the Border Crossing journal
“Visiting” Close Kin Abroad: Migration Strategies of the Serbian Roma
Authors: Cvorovic Jelena , Coe Kathryn
Published: December 2018

The Roma/Gypsies are the largest, poorest and youngest ethnic group in Europe. During the past decade, the Roma from Central and Eastern Europe were of considerable public concern due to a large inflow of Roma emigrants into Western European countries. Applications for international protection submitted by the Roma from the Western Balkans became a substantial part of the asylum case-load at the EU level. More recently, however, a new wave of migrants, mostly from Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan, has found its way to Europe. As Serbia is classified as a safe country, Serbian nationals have limited chances of being awarded refugee status. Nevertheless undeterred, the Serbian Roma/Gypsies continue to travel to and apply for asylum in Western European countries. Using data from original fieldwork conducted among Serbian Roma women, we argue that their desire to travel and possibly reside in one of the more affluent Western European countries is connected to the fact that they have extensive kinship ties in those counties. Kinship ties, in brief, explain much of current Roma migration practices.
Women’s activism in Iraqi Kurdistan: Achievements, shortcomings and obstacles
Authors: Hardi Choman
Published: December 2018

This paper discusses women’s activism in Kurdistan- Iraq since 1992. It aims to find out whether 21 years of struggle against gender discrimination has led to notable changes in the status quo. It concludes by arguing that as a result of the patriarchal system’s resilience and the women’s movement’s internal shortcomings, achievements have been limited. The paper draws on 7 in-depth interviews with women activists, written sources, personal communications and my observations while participating in activities organised by women’s groups. Çalakgeriya jinan li Kurdistana Iraqê: Destxistî, kemasî û astengEv xebat nîqaş dike li ser çalakgeriya jinan li Kurdistana Iraqê ji sala 1992ê ve. Armanca wê ew e ku vebibîne bê tekoşîna jinan ya 21 salan li dijî cudakeriya zayendî rê daye guherînên sereke di rewşa-heyî da an na. Ev xebat di nîqaşa xwe da digihe wê qenaetê ku destketiyên di vê qadê de bisînor in ji ber berhelistiya pergala patrîarkal û kêmasiyên navxweyî yên bizavên jinan. Ev xebat xwe dispêre heft hevpeyvînên berfireh li gel jinên çalakger, çavkaniyên nivîsî, peywendiyên kesane û herwisan çavdêriyên min ên çalakiyên jinan yên ji aliyê koma jinan ve hatin rêkxistin ku ez bi xwe jî têda beşdar bûm. چالاکوانی ژنان لە کوردستان- عێراق: دەستکەوت، کەموکووڕی و رێگرەکان ئەم وتارە باس لە چالاکوانی ژنانی ھەرێمی کوردستان دەکات لە ساڵی ١٩٩٢-ەوە تا ئێستا. ھەوڵدەدات لەوە بکۆڵێتەوە کە ئاخۆ ٢١ ساڵ خەبات دژی جیاکاری جێندەریی بۆتە ھۆی گۆڕانکاری بەرچاو لە دۆخی باودا. وتارەکە ئەنجامگیری ئەوە دەکات کە بەبۆنەی سەرسەختی و خۆگونجاندنی سیستەمی باوکسالاری لەلایەک و کەموكووڕییە ناوەکیەکانی بزوتنەوەی ژنان لە لایەکی ترەوە، دەستکەوتەکان سنوورداربوون. ئەم لێکۆڵینەوەیە پشت بە ٧ چاوپێکەوتنی تێروتەسەل دەبەستێت لەگەڵ ژنانی چالاکوان و ھەروەھا سوود لە سەرچاوە نووسراوەکان و گفتوگۆی تایبەت و بەشداربوونی خۆشم دەبەستێت لەو چالاکیانەدا کە رێکخراوەکانی ژنان سازیانداوە.وشە سەرەکییەکان: ھەرێمی کوردستان، بزوتنەوەی ژنان، دەستکەوت، کەموکووڕیی، سەرسەختی پیاوسالاری
The Ideological Transformation of the PKK regarding the Political Economy of the Kurdish Region in Turkey
Authors: Yarkın Güllistan
Published: December 2018

When founded in 1978, the PKK defined itself as a socialist movement aiming to create a classless society through the formation of a new state-power. In the 1990s, the ideology of the PKK began to change and this transformation became apparent in the 2000s. The PKK has since completely abandoned its statist Marxist-Leninist national liberationist ideology, and has instead proposed to build “democratic modernity” through the creation of an anti-capitalist, anti-industrialist, women emancipatory and ecologist “democratic confederalism” framework. This project defines the ecologist-rural communes grounded on food sovereignty as its basic economic units. This article argues that the transformation of the PKK’s goals on the political economy of the Kurdish region is shaped by, on the one hand, the world systemic and internal restraints acting upon the PKK, and on the other hand, the ideological responses of the PKK to those restraints.Keywords: The PKK; Abdullah Öcalan; democratic modernity; democratic confederalism; anti-capitalist movements.Guherîna îdeolojîk di PKKyê de û aboriya siyasî ya herêma kurdî li TirkiyeyêGava di sala 1978an de hate damezrandin, PKKyê xwe wek hereketeke sosyalîst pênase kiribû û armanca xwe wisa danîbû ku civakeke bêçîn durist bike bi rêya avakirina desthilata dewleteke nû. Di salên 1990an de îdeolojiya PKKyê dest bi guherînê kir û di salên 2000an de ev guherîn pir aşkera bû. Ji hingê ve, PKKyê bi temamî dest ji îdeolojiya xwe ya Marksî-Lenînî ya azadiya neteweyî kêşaye, li batî wê, ragihandiye ku dixwaze “modernîteya demokratîk” ava bike bi rêya duristkirina çarçoveyeke “konfederaliya demokratîk” a dij-sermayedarî, dij-endûstrîgerî, jin-rizgarkerane û ekolojîk. Di vê projeyê de yekeyên aborî yên esasî ew komûnên ekolojîst-gundî ne ku li ser serbixweyiya xwe ya xurekî pêk hatine (anku ji bo bidestxistina xureka xwe ne muhtacê derve ne). Ev gotar diyar dike ku guherînên di armancên PKKyê yên li ser aboriya siyasî ya herêma kurdî, ji aliyekê ve, ji ber wan zext û berbest û mehdûdiyetên sîstemî yên global û navxweyî pêk hatine ku kar di PKKyê dikin, ji aliyê dî ve, ji ber bersivên îdeolojîk ên PKKyê ne bo wan berbest û mehdûdiyetan.
The displacement of the Yezidis after the rise of ISIS in Northern Iraq
Authors: Dulz Irene
Published: December 2018

In the summer of 2014 the expansion of “The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant” (ISIL/ISIS) from Syria into Iraqi territory triggered the displacement of two to three hundred thousand members of the Yezidi community in Northern Iraq. Displaced from Sinjar and other districts in the Nineveh governorate, the majority of Yezidis are hosted in the Dohuk governorate and are living there as internally displaced persons. The article explores the impact of the displacement from different angles and investigates the impact on the Yezidi community as well as the impact on ethnic and religious aspects of social life in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Abstract in KurmanjiKoçberbûna Êzdiyan piştî peydabûna DAIŞê li Bakurê IraqêHavîna 2014an, belavbûna “Dewleta Îslamî ya Iraq û Şamê” (DAIŞ) ji Surî bo nav axa Iraqê, bû sebebê jicihbûn û koçberiya dused-sêsed hezar endamên civaka êzdî li Bakurê Iraqê. Piraniya êzdiyên ji Şingalê û navçeyên din ên wîlayeta Mûsilê penaber bûyî, li wilayeta Duhokê dihewin an jî wek penaberên navxweyî li wir dijîn. Ev gotar berê xwe dide vekolîna tesîra jicihbûn an koçberbûnê ji nêrînên cuda û tesîra wê li ser civaka êzdî ligel tesîra wê ya li ser aliyên qewmî û dînî yên jiyana civakî li Herêma Kurdistanê ya Iraqê. Abstract in Sorani
The gendering of victimhood: Western media and the Sinjar genocide
Authors: Buffon Veronica , Allison Christine
Published: December 2018

This article adopts a gender perspective on war, problematising media attention on Yezidi women since the attacks by ISIS. Sinjari Yezidis’ narratives/subjectivities since 2014 are silenced in Western media reports in favour of a “hyper-visibility” of women’s “injured bodies”, which mobilises a specific narrative of victimhood. Reports from UK and US broadsheet newspapers, plus the BBC, CNN and online publications are analysed, plus new data gathered through fieldwork among Yezidis in Northern Iraq. Western media draw on and reproduce cultural and gender representations, reinstating relations of power infused with orientalist and patriarchal tropes. The focus on women’s bodies moves attention away from the workings of namûs “honour” and the suffering of Yezidi men. Some Yezidi women who became activists, speaking as victims, are heard internationally; the compromises this entails are discussed in light of Fassin and Rechtman’s work on the politics of victimhood.Keywords: Gender; Yezidi; hyper-visibility; media; conflict.Abstract in KurmanjiCinsiyeta civakî ya qurbanîbûnê: Medyaya rojava û jenosîda ŞingalêEv gotar ji perspektîva cinsiyeta civakî re li diyardeya şer dinêre, û bal û rûmalkirina medyayê derheq jinên êzdî de ya ji dema êrîşên DAIŞê ve bi awayekî rexneyî dinirxîne. Ji dema êrîşên 2014an ve şahidî û tecrubeyên şexsî yên êzdiyên Şingalê di raportên medyaya rojavayî de têne bêdengkirin û li şûna wan “bedenên brîndar” ên jinan bi dereceyeke zêde têne dîtin, ku ev yek rê li ber duristbûna hikayêteke qurbanbûnê vedike. Raportên rojnameyên serekî yên Brîtanya û DYA’yê ligel weşanên înternetî yên BBC û CNNê û daneyên ji meydanê di nav êzdiyên li bakurê Îraqê hatî berhevkirin hatine tehlîlkirin. Medyaya rojavayî hem îstifadeyê ji temsîlên çandî û cinsiyetî dike hem jî wan ji nû ve ava dike, ku bi vê yekê re têkiliyên hêzê yên bi hêmayên oryantalîst û babsalar şikl girtî ji nû ve binecih dike. Zîqbûna li ser bedenê jinan balê ji ser babeta “namûsê” û ji êşên mêrên êzdî dide alî. Hindek jinên êzdî yên bûyî çalakvan, ku wek qurban dengê xwe bilind dikin, di qada navneteweyî de têne bihîstin. Rengvedanên menfî yên van kiryaran, li vir, di çarçoveya lêkolînên Fassin û Rechtman yên li ser polîtîkiya qurbaniyê de hatine munaqeşekirin.Abstract in Sorani
Women's social remittances and their implications at household level: A case study of Romanian migration to Italy
Authors: Vlase Ionela
Published: December 2018

Remittances have become an important topic of research in the growing literature on the nexus between gender, migration and socio-economic development. From this point of view, Romania constitutes an important case, revealing transformations wrought by social and economic remittances not only at national and regional levels, but also at the household level. This article focuses on women migrant returnees and the effect of their social remittances on family relations. Women are often categorised under the return of conservatism group because migrants who are influenced by family in their decisions to return are less likely to become returnees of innovation. Although women return as a result of their husbands’ decisions, findings suggest that these women have begun challenging the rules that govern traditional relations between family members. This paper highlights the influence of social remittances on those left behind and raises questions about the manner by which social remittances transform households
Ukrainian migrant women’s social remittances: Contents and effects on families left behind
Authors: Vianello Francesca Alice
Published: December 2018

This article examines different forms of Ukrainian migrant women’s social remittances, articulating some results of two ethnographic studies: one focused on the migration of Ukrainian women to Italy, and the other on the social impact of emigration in Ukraine. First, the paper illustrates the patterns of monetary remittance management, which will be defined as a specific form of social remittance, since they are practices shaped by systems of norms challenged by migration. In the second part, the article moves on to discuss other types of social remittances transferred by migrant women to their families left behind: the right of self-care and self-realisation; the recognition of alternative and more women-friendly life-course patterns; consumption styles and ideas on economic education. Therefore, I will explore the contents of social remittances, but also the gender and intergenerational conflicts that characterise these flows of cultural resources.
Evidence-based regulation of labour migration in OECD countries: setting quotas, selection criteria, and shortage lists
Authors: Chaloff Jonathan
Published: December 2018

The growing complexity of selection criteria for discretionary labour migration in OECD countries has been accompanied by an expanded demand for labour market analysis and consultation with stakeholders. While some features of general or detailed criteria may be fixed in legislation, numerical quotas or targets, shortage lists, and multiple-criteria points-based systems are generally subject to periodic review and revision based on labour market data and consultation with stakeholders. Official government bodies have maintained co-ordination of this process, with varying degrees of externalization. In most countries expertise is internal, with recourse to external mandated bodies rare. In almost all cases, however, the process is designed to promote consensus around the policy while maintaining political control.
The impact of migrant workers' remittances on the living standards of families in Morocco: A propensity score matching approach
Authors: Bouoiyour Jamal , Miftah Amal
Published: December 2018

This article attempts to assess empirically the impact of remittances on household expenditure and relative poverty in Morocco. We apply propensity score matching methods to the 2006/2007 Moroccan Living Standards Measurement Survey. We find that migrants’ remittances can improve living standards among Moroccan households and affect negatively the incidence of poverty. The results show a statistically significant and positive impact of hose remittances on recipient households’ expenditures. They are also significantly associated with a decline in the probability of being in poverty for rural households; it decreases by 11.3 percentage points. In comparison, this probability decreases by 3 points in urban area.
Deconstructing Turkey’s “Open Door” Policy towards Refugees from Syria
Authors: Koca Burcu Togral
Published: December 2018

Turkey has followed an “open door” policy towards refugees from Syria since the March 2011 outbreak of the devastating civil war in Syria. This “liberal” policy has been accompanied by a “humanitarian discourse” regarding the admission and accommodation of the refugees. In such a context, it is widely claimed that Turkey has not adopted a securitization strategy in its dealings with the refugees. However, this article argues that the stated “open door” approach and its limitations have gone largely unexamined. The assertion is, here, refugees fleeing Syria have been integrated into a security framework embedding exclusionary, militarized and technologized border practices. Drawing on the critical border studies, the article deconstructs these practices and the way they are violating the principle of non-refoulement in particular and human rights of refugees in general.
Vulnerability leading to mobility: Syrians’ exodus from Turkey
Authors: Şirin Öner N. Aslı , Genç Deniz
Published: December 2018

Turkey has been a stage for human mobility for many years, yet it did not have a comprehensive migration and asylum regime until recently. Being the worst refugee crisis of the last decades, the Syrian crisis actually had an impact on developing such a regime of which the Law on Foreigners and International Protection (LFIP) is a crucial element. The LFIP provides temporary protection to the Syrians in Turkey. However, it is recently observed that more and more Syrians are leaving the country. Examining their exodus, the present article is seeking answers to the question of “Why are the Syrians desperately trying to leave Turkey?” Two arguments are put forth in the article. First, Turkey’s new migration and asylum regime has not been able to decrease the refugees’ vulnerability because of its “expectation of temporariness”. Secondly, it is argued that Turkey’s “new asylum regime” is in fact “not that new” due to the fact that asylum-seekers coming from non-European countries have been provided a de facto temporary protection. The article reveals that the Syrian refugees are vulnerable in many fields mainly because they are subject to a protection regime marked by temporariness. As the regime is putting them in limbo, they are leaving Turkey. Turkey’s new asylum regime appears not that new after all.
Acculturation attitudes and urban-related identity of internal migrants in three largest cities of Turkey
Authors: Goregenli Melek , Karakus Pelin , Gokten Cemil
Published: December 2018

This present study explored the acculturation strategies and urban related identity of Turk and Kurd internal migrants moved from different regions of Turkey to Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir. In terms of acculturation strategies, assimilation was found to be the most preferred acculturation attitude among Turks whereas separation was found to be most endorsed acculturation attitude among Kurds. Concerning urban-related identity mean scores, Turks reported higher urban-related identity scores than Kurds. Furthermore the internal migrants in Izmir reported higher urban-related identity score than the migrants living in Istanbul and Ankara. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that gender, length of residence and migration type were the significant predictors of integration preference of Kurds.
Marriage and transnational family life among Somali migrants in Finland
Authors: Al-Sharmani Mulki M , Ismail Abdirashid A
Published: December 2018

In this article, we investigate how marriage practices of Somali migrants in Finland are influenced by their transnational kinship. We examine how transnational family ties play a role in migrants’ spouse selection, marriage arrangements, and management of spousal resources. We also identify the factors that enable migrants to successfully navigate marital challenges caused by their transnational kin-based ties. These factors are: companionate marriage relationship based on emotional closeness and flexible spousal roles, compatibility in spousal resources, and the cooperation of couples in navigating transnational family obligations. We show how gender and generation are at play (in complex ways) in the interplay between transnational kinship and marriage. We draw on interview data from 16 married male and female interviewees, taken from a larger sample of 37 informants of different marital statuses. Our analysis is also based on data from focus group discussions
1.5-generation immigrant adolescents’ autonomy negotiations in transnational family contexts
Authors: Turjanmaa Elina , Alitolppa-Niitamo Anne , Jasinskaja-Lahti Inga
Published: December 2018

This study explored how 1.5-generation immigrant adolescents negotiate their autonomy with their parents in a new cultural context. The studied adolescents are immigrants with African, Middle Eastern, Southern Asian, and EU/FSU background in Finland. The study is built on the ecological framework, which looks at development within the context of social systems. The study combines perspectives of cross-cultural psychology, acculturation research, and developmental psychology to explore autonomy in a transnational developmental context. The data consists of 80 semi-structured interviews with immigrant adolescents aged 13 to 18. Our results suggest that adolescents’ autonomy is negotiated within local family circumstances, while the transnational context becomes particularly crucial in the negotiation categories of peer relations and cultural continuity. Cultural differences in using different negotiation categories are discussed.
When "expatriation" is a matter of family. Opportunities, barriers and intimacies in international mobility
Authors: Cangià Flavia , Zittoun Tania
Published: December 2018

This special issue aims at understanding “expatriate” mobility with a special focus on the role of family and intimacy, and brings together different case-studies, built through different theoretical perspectives. These allow approaching “expatriate” mobile families along two main lines: as part of the making of life trajectories, and as these are shaped by, and are shaping, professional trajectories. This editorial highlights the contributions of the various articles, before addressing a series of emerging issues. Among these, it questions the very notion of “expatriate” in the light of family life, shows the evolution of families in repeated mobility, and brings to the fore the importance of temporality and timing in these family lives, as well as that of reflexivity in mobility. As a whole, the various contributions of this special issue complement each other in illustrating the complexities of expatriates’ migration and family life in times of increasing global mobility, but also, they raise theoretical discussions, point to possible empirical implications, and suggest avenues for further investigations.
"We live a life in periods" - Perceptions of mobility and becoming an expat spouse
Authors: Büchele Julia
Published: December 2018

Deploying organizations strongly support their employees’ relocation with their spouses and children under the premise that families guarantee a social and practical support system (Kraimer et al. 2016). Expat spouses I have interviewed in the course of my qualitative data collection were sure that their migration experience differed significantly from their employed spouses. While for themselves relocation was a (repeated) interruption of the “normal pace of life”, they assumed that their husbands were provided with a “ready-made life” because they started work right away and were thus integrated in a local social setting. This paper explorse different perceptions of expat spouses' mobility and argues that expat spouses learn to be expat spouses through repeated relocations and "mobility work" ( Mense-Petermann and Spiegel 2016).
Investigating the Offending Histories of Undocumented Immigrants
Authors: Bersani Bianca , Fine Adam D. , Piquero Alex R. , Steinberg Laurence , Frick Paul J. , Cauffman Elizabeth
Published: December 2018

This study investigates the association between undocumented immigration and crime among youthful offenders. Using official record and self-reported offending measures collected across seven-waves of data from the longitudinal Crossroads Study, the prevalence and variety of offending are compared for undocumented immigrant, documented immigrant, and US-born groups during the transition into young adulthood. Results suggest that, as compared to documented immigrants and US-born peers, undocumented immigrants report engaging in less crime prior to and following their first arrest. Conversely, official records reflect a marginally higher level of re-arrest among undocumented immigrants, particularly in the months immediately following the first arrest. This divergence in findings warrants focused consideration to disentangle whether the difference is due to differential involvement in crime, differential treatment in the justice system, or a combination of factors. Additional research is needed to test whether the results found in this study generalize to other immigrant groups and contexts.
'Bad Hombres': The Effects of Criminalizing Latino Immigrants through Law and Media in the Rural Midwest
Authors: Gomez Cervantes Andrea , Alvord Daniel , Menjívar Cecilia
Published: December 2018

In this article we explore the policy and legal build-up that led to the 2017 Executive Orders targeting Latino/a immigrant families and communities. We provide a historical backdrop for the merging of criminal and immigration laws that has contributed to the criminalization of the behaviors, bodies, and communities of Latino/a immigrants. We then look at the media narratives that burry immigrants’ complex identities and reproduce daily the demonization of Latino/as as criminals. Together, these factors contribute to socially construct a “Brown Threat” which reproduces anxieties and fears about crime, terror, and threats to the nation, affecting the everyday lives of immigrants and non-immigrants alike, though in different ways. Based on an 18-month ethnography in a small Kansas town carried out before and after the signing of Executive Orders in 2017, we examine the spill-over effects of this environment on Guatemalan immigrant families as well as on non-immigrant Anglo-white residents in a rural community.
Cultural migration: Networks of Iranian Organizations in the Netherlands
Authors: Van den Bos Matthijs , Achbari Wahideh
Published: December 2018

While distrust and divisiveness amongst Iranians in different diaspora environments have been commonly acknowledged, there are additional indications suggesting that Dutch-Iranian organizations are relatively scarce. In this article, we compare the organizational networks of Dutch-Iranians to those of Turks and Moroccans in the Netherlands. The results show that organization density is lower and fragmentation higher for Dutch-Iranians. We explain this by Iranian forms of organization, which have been transplanted to and interact with the diaspora.  However, Dutch-Iranians are also exceptionally well integrated in the Dutch society. This puts the relationship between integration and ethnic organization into question.
Migration to Germany: Is a middle class emerging among intra-European migrants?
Authors: Verwiebe Roland
Published: December 2018

This article analyses intra-European migration on the basis of primary data gathered in Berlin in 2002 and 2003. The theoretical foundation of the contribution is mainly based on newer migration research and research on Europeanisation. The empirical results of the study show that the individual patterns of migration within Europe vary quite strongly. It can be hypothesized that inner-European migrants increasingly come from diverse social classes and possess education and work experience in varying degrees. Recent European migration seems to be, above all, a middle-class phenomenon.
Transnational mobility and conflict
Authors: Sirkeci Ibrahim
Published: December 2018

In this paper, I discuss transnational mobility using a perspective that emphasises conflicts at macro, mezzo and micro levels while seeking ways in which such a conflict model of migration can be developed. I outline areas involving different degrees of conflict which are better seen on a continuous scale ranging from potential and latent tensions to violent conflicts and wars. Conflict aspects contribute to the dynamic nature of transnational human movements and, at the same time, appear to be antithetical to globalisation. The tensions/conflicts at individual, household, community, and state levels are not isolated from each other but inter-connect different levels. Within this conflict conceptualisation, transnational mobility appears as a move from human insecurity to human security.
The value, costs, and meaning of transnational migration in rural Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey H. , Rios Bernardo , Byars Lise
Published: December 2018

Rural Oaxacan migrants are defined as quintessential transnational movers, people who access rich social networks as they move between rural hometowns in southern Mexico and the urban centers of southern California.  The social and cultural ties that characterize Oaxacan movers are critical to successful migrations, lead to jobs and create a sense of belonging and shared identity.  Nevertheless, migration has socio-cultural, economic and psychological costs.  To move the discussion away from a framework that emphasizes the positive transnational qualities of movement we focus on the costs of migration for Oaxacans from the state’s central valleys and Sierra regions.
Gendered differences in emigration and mobility perspectives among European researchers working abroad
Authors: Scheibelhofer Elisabeth
Published: December 2018

This paper focuses on gendered mobilities of highly skilled researchers working abroad. It is based on an empirical qualitative study that explored the mobility aspirations of Austrian scientists who were working in the United States at the time they were interviewed. Supported by a case study, the paper demonstrates how a qualitative research strategy including graphic drawings sketched by the interviewed persons can help us gain a better understanding of the gendered importance of social relations for the future mobility aspirations of scientists working abroad.
Migration vs. development? The case of poverty and inequality in Mexico
Authors: Latapi Agustín Escobar
Published: December 2018

Although the migration – development nexus is widely recognized as a complex one, it is generally thought that there is a relationship between poverty and emigration, and that remittances lessen inequality. On the basis of Latin American and Mexican data, this chapter intends to show that for Mexico, the exchange of migrants for remittances is among the lowest in Latin America, that extreme poor Mexicans don't migrate although the moderately poor do, that remittances have a small, non-significant impact on the most widely used inequality index of all households and a very large one on the inequality index of remittance-receiving households, and finally that, to Mexican households, the opportunity cost of international migration is higher than remittance income. In summary, there is a relationship between poverty and migration (and vice versa), but this relationship is far from linear, and in some respects may be a perverse one for Mexico and for Mexican households.
Intergenerational transmission of interethnic union formation patterns in Sweden
Authors: Celikaksoy Aycan
Published: December 2018

This paper explores intergenerational transmission of interethnic union formation behaviour within families. Using register data from Statistics Sweden I find a strong association in union formation patterns between parents and their offspring. This association holds for all levels of individual and parental education and all regions of origin, except for Americans. When countries of origin are categorized according to cultural distance to the Swedish society, the results indicate that parental intermarriage type is important. Decomposing parental intermarriage into detailed categories and separate estimations for each value system indicate that the mechanisms behind intergenerational transmission of union formation patterns vary by value system of the origin country. For individuals with a background from societies that are culturally similar to the Swedish society, all types of parental intermarriage increase their likelihood of intermarriage. However, for individuals from countries that are relatively more distant culturally to the Swedish society, parental intermarriage within the value system does not play a role in the likelihood of their offspring's intermarriage.
Intervening Opportunities and Competing Migrants in Turkish migration to Germany, 1969-2008
Authors: Akkoyunlu Sule
Published: December 2018

This study defines, specifies and empirically tests the concept of intervening opportunities proposed by Stouffer (1940) and the theory of competing migrants proposed again Stouffer (1960) in the context of international migration. An empirical model of Turkish migration to Germany is developed and tested for the 1969-2008 period, using the cointegration technique. We find strong evidence of intervening opportunities and competing migrants. Although, competing migrants are significant in the short as well as in the long-run, intervening opportunities are only significant in the short-run. The results have an important policy implication for the Turkey's accession to European Union. Thus, the migration pressure from Turkey with the accession can be managed by increasing intervening opportunities, hereby increasing foreign direct investments and altering the demand for competing migrants.
International migration and economic participation in small towns and rural areas – cross-national evidence
Authors: Danson Mike , Jentsch Birgit
Published: December 2018

This paper analyses the neglected labour market experiences of international migrants to non-metropolitan areas, mainly drawing on the evidence of a large, cross-national research project on immigration, as well as on other available research evidence. By examining migrants’ employment experiences in four different countries – Canada, the USA, Ireland and Scotland – we are able to discuss key themes and consider them from a comparative perspective. The focus here is on the frequent occurrence of different forms of underemployment of rural migrants; issues around pay and working conditions; and the importance of welcoming communities.
Türkiye'de işçi dövizlerinin toplam üretim büyümesine makroekonomik etkisi - Macroeconomic impact of remittances on output growth: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Tansel Aysit , Yasar Pinar
Published: December 2018

In this study, a Keynesian model studying simultaneously, the impact of immigrant workers’ foreign currency transfers on macro variables such as consumption, investment, imports and income of Turkey is presented. While the calculated impact and dynamic multipliers of immigrant workers’ foreign currency transfers on consumption, imports and income is positive and gradually diminishing, their impact on investment is removed in the second year. With regard to its multiplying impact on income, it is observed that immigrant workers’ foreign currency transfers increases income notably. While the output growth resulting from immigrant workers’ foreign currency transfers reached highest level at the beginning of the seventies and the eighties, output growth during other periods, was negligibly low.[IN TURKISH]Göçmen dövizleri gelişmekte olan ülkeler için önemli bir dış finansman kaynağıdır. Güncel finansal kriz göçmen dövizleri kullanım hacmi ve yönelimini etkilemesinin yanı sıra göçmen dövizleri akımını da etkilemiştir. Bu özel sayıda, krizin hemen hissedilen etkilerini anlamak için dünyanın çeşitli yerlerinden toplanan vakalar sunulmuştur. Krizin göç yönelimlerine etkisinin yol açacağı olası tesirler henüz gerçekleşmekte ve çalışılmaktadır.
The Impact of Remittances on Food Security Status in the Global South
Authors: Ebadi Narges , Ahmadi Davod , Sirkeci Ibrahim , Melgar-Quiñonez Hugo
Published: December 2018

International remittances to developing countries attract increasing attention because of their rise in volume and their impact on the recipient countries. Receiving remittances from outside the country has become a household coping strategy that might reduce poverty, alleviate hunger, promote better diets and increase productive investments. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the link between receiving remittances and the food security status in the Global South countries. This is the first study that examines the association between food security and receiving remittances by using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) for individuals in the Global South. Data were obtained from the 2017 Gallup World Poll (GWP), which interviewed face-to-face 68,463 individuals in more than 60 countries. We have found a significant association between receiving remittances and food security. In the unadjusted logistics regression, irrespective of geography, severe food insecurity was significantly related to not receiving remittances (OR=1.532; P= 0.000). Although receiving remittances seems to positively affect the food security status of individuals in the GS, the association might not apply to all countries in the analyzed sample.