bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ascites-derived hsa-miR-181a-5p serves as a prognostic marker for gastric cancer-associated malignant ascites
Authors: Yang Yongchao , Zhang Junliang
Published: June 2024

Background

Peritoneal carcinomatosis was the main reason leading to gastric cancer (GC)-related death. We aimed to explore the roles of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and related immune regulation activities in GC-associated malignant ascites.

Methods

GSE126399 were downloaded from GEO database. Differentially expressed miRNAs in GC ascites samples was firstly screened, and critical miRNAs were further investigated by LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) logistic regression and random forest (RF) algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic of critical miRNAs was also constructed. Moreover, functional analysis, immune cell infiltration associated with differentially expressed mRNAs were further analyzed. After selecting key modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis, mRNAs related with survival performance and transcription factor (TF)-miRNA-mRNA network were constructed.

Results

Hsa-miR-181b-5p was confirmed as critical differentially expressed miRNAs in GC ascites. Then, the tumor samples were divided into high- and low- expression groups divided by mean expression levels of hsa-miR-181b-5p, and subjects with high hsa-miR-181b-5p levels had better survival outcomes. In total, 197 differentially expressed mRNAs associated with hsa-miR-181b-5p levels were obtained, and these mRNAs were mainly enriched in muscle activity and vascular smooth muscle contraction. Hsa-miR-181b-5 was positively related with activated CD4 T cells and negatively related with eosinophil. 17 mRNAs were selected as mRNAs significantly related with prognosis of GC, such as PDK4 and RAMP1. Finally, 75 TF-miRNA-mRNA relationships were obtained, including 15 TFs, hsa-miR-181b-5p, and five mRNAs.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that the differentially expressed hsa-miR-181b-5p in ascites samples of GC patients may be a valuable prognostic marker and a potential target for therapeutic intervention, which should be validated in the near future.
A comprehensive workflow for optimizing RNA-seq data analysis
Authors: Jiang Gao , Zheng Juan-Yu , Ren Shu-Ning , Yin Weilun , Xia Xinli , Li Yun , Wang Hou-Ling
Published: June 2024

Background

Current RNA-seq analysis software for RNA-seq data tends to use similar parameters across different species without considering species-specific differences. However, the suitability and accuracy of these tools may vary when analyzing data from different species, such as humans, animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. For most laboratory researchers lacking a background in information science, determining how to construct an analysis workflow that meets their specific needs from the array of complex analytical tools available poses a significant challenge.

Results

By utilizing RNA-seq data from plants, animals, and fungi, it was observed that different analytical tools demonstrate some variations in performance when applied to different species. A comprehensive experiment was conducted specifically for analyzing plant pathogenic fungal data, focusing on differential gene analysis as the ultimate goal. In this study, 288 pipelines using different tools were applied to analyze five fungal RNA-seq datasets, and the performance of their results was evaluated based on simulation. This led to the establishment of a relatively universal and superior fungal RNA-seq analysis pipeline that can serve as a reference, and certain standards for selecting analysis tools were derived for reference. Additionally, we compared various tools for alternative splicing analysis. The results based on simulated data indicated that rMATS remained the optimal choice, although consideration could be given to supplementing with tools such as SpliceWiz.

Conclusion

The experimental results demonstrate that, in comparison to the default software parameter configurations, the analysis combination results after tuning can provide more accurate biological insights. It is beneficial to carefully select suitable analysis software based on the data, rather than indiscriminately choosing tools, in order to achieve high-quality analysis results more efficiently.
ApoA1/HDL-C ratio as a predictor for coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a matched case-control study
Authors: Ghaemi Farzaneh , Rabizadeh Soghra , Yadegar Amirhossein , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Asadigandomani Hassan , Bafrani Melika Arab , Reyhan Sahar Karimpour , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr
Published: June 2024

Introduction

This study investigated the possible relationship between the Apo lipoprotein A1 /high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ApoA1/HDL-C) ratio and coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

This was a matched case-control study of 482 patients with T2D in two groups of CAD and (n = 241) non-CAD (n = 241). The patients were classified into four quartiles according to the ApoA1/HDL-C ratio, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between ApoA1/HDL-C and CAD. ROC analysis was also conducted.

Results

This study showed that the ApoA1/HDL-C ratio has an independent association with CAD in individuals with T2D. The CAD group exhibited a significantly higher ApoA1/HDL-C ratio than those without CAD (p-value = 0.004). Moreover, the risk of CAD increased significantly across the ApoA1/HDL-C ratio quartiles, with the highest odds in the fourth quartile. The second quartile showed an odds ratio (OR) of 2.03 (p-value = 0.048) compared to the first. Moving to the third quartile, the OR increased to 2.23 (p-value = 0.023). The highest OR was noted in the fourth, reaching 3.41 (p-value = 0.001). Employing a cut-off value of 2.66 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.885, the ApoA1/HDL-C ratio predicts CAD among patients with T2D with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 91% (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion

The current study revealed an independent association between ApoA1/HDL-C ratio and CAD in patients with T2D. This ratio can be a promising tool for predicting CAD during the follow-up of patients with T2D, aiding in identifying those at higher risk for CAD.
A model of the organizational resilience of hospitals in emergencies and disasters
Authors: Seyghalani Talab Fatemeh , Ahadinezhad Bahman , Khosravizadeh Omid , Amerzadeh Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Background

In the health system, hospitals are intricate establishments that offer vital medical services. Their resilience plays a crucial role in mitigating the societal repercussions of disasters. A hospital must possess the capacity to withstand risks, preserve its fundamental structure and operations, and enhance its preparedness by augmenting various capabilities and promptly recovering from the impacts of potential risks. It enables the hospital to attain a heightened level of readiness. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a resilience model tailored for hospitals to navigate crises and disasters effectively.

Methods

This mixed-method study was conducted in 2023 in three phases: (1) Identification of the factors influencing the organizational resilience of the hospital, (2) Evaluation of the influential factors by an expert panel. (3) Following the standardization process, we administered 371 questionnaires to individuals, such as university staff managers and supervisors, nursing managers, and research unit managers. The sample size was determined by multiplying the components by 10, resulting in 360 (10 * 36). Therefore, we selected a sample size of 371 participants. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the causal relationships between variables. These steps were performed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 22 software. Finally, we identified and presented the final model. We utilized AMOS 22 and applied the SEM to assess the correlation between the variables, with a significance level of 0.05.

Results

Findings indicate that the appropriate modeling identified five dimensions comprising 36 components. These dimensions include vulnerability, preparedness, support management, responsiveness and adaptability, and recovery after the disaster. The model demonstrates a good fit, as indicated by the X2/d indices with a value of 2.202, a goodness of fit index (GFI) of 0.832, a root mean square error of estimation (RMSEA) of 0.057, an adjusted comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.931, and a smoothed fit index (NFI) of 0.901.

Conclusion

Enhancing hospital resilience is crucial for effective preparedness and response to accidents and disasters. Developing a localized tool for measuring resilience can help identify vulnerabilities, ensure service continuity, and inform rehabilitation programs. The proposed model is a suitable framework for assessing hospital resilience. Key factors include human resource scarcity, hospital specialization, and trauma center capacity. Hospitals should prioritize efficient resource allocation, information technology infrastructure, in-service training, waste management, and a proactive organizational framework to build resilience. By adopting this approach, hospitals can better respond to crises and disasters, ultimately reducing casualties and improving overall preparedness.
Factors influencing respectful perinatal care among healthcare professionals in low-and middle-resource countries: a systematic review
Authors: Lunda Petronellah , Minnie Catharina Susanna , Lubbe Welma
Published: June 2024

Background

This review aimed to provide healthcare professionals with a scientific summary of best available research evidence on factors influencing respectful perinatal care. The review question was ‘What were the perceptions of midwives and doctors on factors that influence respectful perinatal care?’

Methods

A detailed search was done on electronic databases: EBSCOhost: Medline, OAlster, Scopus, SciELO, Science Direct, PubMed, Psych INFO, and SocINDEX. The databases were searched for available literature using a predetermined search strategy. Reference lists of included studies were analysed to identify studies missing from databases. The phenomenon of interest was factors influencing maternity care practices according to midwives and doctors. Pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used during selection of potential studies. In total, 13 studies were included in the data analysis and synthesis. Three themes were identified and a total of nine sub-themes.

Results

Studies conducted in various settings were included in the study. Various factors influencing respectful perinatal care were identified. During data synthesis three themes emerged namely healthcare institution, healthcare professional and women-related factors. Alongside the themes were sub-themes human resources, medical supplies, norms and practices, physical infrastructure, healthcare professional competencies and attributes, women’s knowledge, and preferences. The three factors influence the provision of respectful perinatal care; addressing them might improve the provision of this care.

Conclusion

Addressing factors that influence respectful perinatal care is vital towards the prevention of compromised patient care during the perinatal period as these factors have the potential to accelerate or hinder provision of respectful care.
IKBIP promotes tumor development via the akt signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Jiannan , Dai Chuanjing , Ding Zhaoji , Pan Yixiao , Lu Lingxiao , Bao Jiaqian , Zheng Jingmin
Published: June 2024

Background

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Inhibitor of kappa B kinase interacting protein (IKBIP) has been reported to promote glioma progression, but its role in other cancers remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of IKBIP and its underlying molecular mechanisms in ESCC.

Methods

The mRNA expression of IKBIP was analyzed using multiple cancer databases. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect IKBIP protein expression in ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and Kaplan‒Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were carried out. The effects of IKBIP knockdown (or overexpression) on ESCC cells were detected by cell viability, cell migration, flow cytometry and Western blot assays. LY-294002 was used to validate the activation of the AKT signaling pathway by IKBIP. Finally, the role of IKBIP in ESCC was verified in a xenograft model.

Results

Both bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry indicated that IKBIP expression in ESCC tissues was significantly increased and was associated with the prognosis of ESCC patients. In vitro experiments revealed that IKBIP knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells, and induced cell apoptosis and G1/S phase arrest. Molecular mechanism results showed that the AKT signaling pathway was further activated after IKBIP overexpression, thereby increasing the proliferation and migration abilities of ESCC cells. In vivo study confirmed that IKBIP promoted the initiation and development of ESCC tumors in mice.

Conclusions

IKBIP plays a tumor-promoting role in ESCC and may serve as a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
Ferrous ascorbate as a potential biomarker for diabetic retinopathy: a vitreous humour metabolomics study
Authors: Liu Jinmeng , Liu Shuang , Hui Peng , Teng Siying , Xie Jinghui , Sun Yabin
Published: June 2024

Background

This study aimed to explore differences in vitreous humour metabolites and metabolic pathways between patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and identify potential metabolite biomarkers.

Methods

Clinical data and vitreous fluid samples were collected from 125 patients (40 without diabetes, 85 with DR). The metabolite profiles of the vitreous fluid samples were analysed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, Q-Exactive mass spectrometry, and multivariate statistical analysis. A machine learning model based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Regularized logistic regression was used to build a risk scoring model based on selected metabolite levels. Candidate metabolites were regressed to glycated haemoglobin levels by a logistic regression model.

Results

Twenty differential metabolites were identified between the DR and control groups and were significantly enriched in five Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (arginine biosynthesis; tricarboxylic acid cycle; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; tyrosine metabolism; and D-glutamate metabolism). Ferrous ascorbate significantly contributes to poorer glycaemic control outcomes, offering insights into potential new pathogenic pathways in DR.

Conclusions

Disorders in the metabolic pathways of arginine biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, alanine, aspartate, glutamate metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and D-glutamate metabolism were associated with DR. Risk scores based on vitreous fluid metabolites can be used for the diagnosis and management of DR. Ferrous ascorbate can provide insights into potential new pathogenic pathways for DR.
Responding to human trafficking among refugees: prevalence and test accuracy of a modified version of the adult human trafficking screening tool
Authors: Tambini Stollwerck Estella Alejandra , Rollmann Ivo , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Nikendei Christoph
Published: June 2024

Background

Human trafficking is a human rights violation and urgent public health challenge. It involves the exploitation of a person by means of force, intimidation or deceit and causes severe health risks. Though it occurs all over the world, its true extent is still unknown. Refugees are especially vulnerable to human trafficking due to language barriers and difficult living conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and design a screening tool to identify survivors of all forms of human trafficking among refugees in a German state registration and reception centre.

Methods

In cooperation with the local authorities and the Ministry of Justice and for Migration Baden-Württemberg, we interviewed newly arrived refugees at an initial reception centre in Southern Germany to assess the prevalence of human trafficking. We used both a combination of the Adult Human Trafficking Screening Tool and a publication by Mumma et al. to assess all forms of human trafficking.

Results

In total, 13 of the 176 refugees had experienced trafficking, which corresponded to a prevalence of 7.3% (95%-CI = [3.5%, 11.3%]). Across all languages the questionnaire had a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 84.0% at a recommended cut-off of six positive responses. The recommended cut-off differed slightly for the Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, and English version. In an exploratory descriptive analysis on subregions, refugees from West Africa had a substantially higher prevalence (33.3%, 8 out of 24) for human trafficking within our sample, especially women. However, when we excluded this region from our analysis, we found no significant gender difference for the rest of the sample.

Conclusions

The high prevalence of trafficking in most regions, regardless of gender, suggests that more effort is needed to identify and protect all trafficked persons. The designed screening tool seems to be a promising tool to detect an especially vulnerable group of refugees and provides assistance in identifying survivors of human trafficking.
Early impact of a new food store intervention on health-related outcomes
Authors: Abeykoon A. M. Hasanthi , Gupta Suvadra Datta , Engler-Stringer Rachel , Muhajarine Nazeem
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the early impact of a community-based food intervention, the Good Food Junction (GFJ), a full-service grocery store (September 2012 – January 2016) in a former food desert in Saskatoon, Canada. The hypothesis tested was that frequent shopping at the GFJ improved food security and selected health-related outcomes among shoppers, and the impact was moderated by socioeconomic factors. Longitudinal data were collected from 156 GFJ shoppers, on three occasions: 12-, 18-, and 24-months post-opening. Participants were grouped into three categories based on the frequency of shopping at the GFJ: low, moderate, and high. A generalized estimating equations approach was used for model building; moderating effects were tested. Participants were predominantly female, Indigenous, low-income, and had high school or some post-secondary education. The GFJ use was associated with household food security (OR for high and moderate frequency shoppers reporting less than a high school education were 1.81 and 1.06, respectively), and mental health (OR for high and moderate frequency shoppers reporting high income were 2.82 and 0.87, respectively) exhibiting a dose-response relationship, and indicated that these outcomes were significantly moderated by participants’ socioeconomic factors. Shopping at the GFJ had a positive effect on food security and mental health, but to varying levels for those with low incomes, with less than high school or high school or better levels of education.
Analysing the association between perceived knowledge, and attitudes on Lassa Fever infections and mortality risk factors in lower Bambara Chiefdom
Authors: Kamara Abu-Bakarr S. , Moseray Andrew , Fatoma Patrick , Mayei Alhassan , Lamin Joseph , Sankoh Osman , Rogers Mohamed Kemoh
Published: June 2024

Background

Lassa fever (LF) presents significant public health challenges in Sierra Leone, particularly in the Lower Bambara Chiefdom. This study aims to deeply understand how knowledge and attitudes towards LF correlate with community-driven prevention and control measures.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative approach was used to conduct the research. Data from 2167 participants were collected using an Android-based survey from 1st February 2022 to 14th February 2022. Respondents' knowledge of LF causes, risk factors, transmission modes, and preventive measures were evaluated through a multiple-choice questionnaire, and attitudes toward prevention and control were measured on a 5-point Likert scale. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 and frequencies were presented in count, percentage, and table. Chi-square statistics were used to test for associations.

Results

Among the 2167 participants, over half were males (1184, 54.60%), farmers (1406, 64.90%), married (monogamous) (1428, 65.90%), and had never attended school (1336, 61.70%). Respondents demonstrated high knowledge levels of LF across socio-demographic groups (33% to 100%) and shared a positive attitude towards prevention and control (mean score of 26.77 on a 5–40 scale). Educational level, religious beliefs, and occupational status significantly influenced LF knowledge (p < 0.05). Specifically, illiterates had a high knowledge score of 48.24%, while those with tertiary education had the highest score at 83.33%. Additionally, a Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive linear relationship between the degree of knowledge and positive attitude towards LF infection and mortality risk factors (r = 0.090, p = 0.02).

Conclusion

High LF knowledge in Lower Bambara Chiefdom positively influences prevention attitudes. Education, religion, and occupation are key factors. Tailored interventions enhance public health efforts.
Successful ageing is associated with falls among older adults in India: a large population based across-sectional study based on LASI
Authors: Wang Yujing , Leng Siqi , Jin Yuming , Tang Xiangdong , Zhu Xian , An Lina
Published: June 2024

Background

Falls are common in the elderly and can lead to adverse consequences, like injuries, hospitalization, disability even mortality. Successful ageing emerged in sight to assess physical, psychological and social status of older adults. This study is conducted to explore the association between them in a large Indian community-dwelling population.

Methods

Data were based on the wave 1 survey of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI). People aged 60 and above with complete information were included. The elderly met five standards including absence of chronic diseases, freedom from disability, high cognitive ability, free from depressive symptoms and active social engagement, were classified into successful agers. The assessment of falls, fall-related injuries and multiple falls depended on interview. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to find the associations between falls, fall-injury, multiple falls and successful ageing after adjusting both socio-demographic and biological covariates. The log-likelihood ratio test was calculated interactions in subgroups.

Results

31,345 participants in LASI were finally included in our study. Of them, 20.25% reported fall, and 25% were classified into successful agers. After full adjustment, successful ageing was negatively associated with falls (OR 0.70; 95%CI 0.65–0.76) and multiple falls (OR 0.70; 95%CI 0.63–0.78). And the association did not show the significance in older adults with fall-related injuries (OR 0.86; 95%CI 0.72–1.04).

Conclusions

Successful ageing was negatively associated with falls and multiple falls, but not fall-related injuries in older people in India. Future studies are demanded to explore the causal relationship and to reveal the underlying mechanism.
Sex dimorphism of IL-17-secreting peripheral blood mononuclear cells in ankylosing spondylitis based on bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Li Sifang , Chao Hua , Li Zihao , Chen Siwen , Zhang Jingyu , Hao Wenjun , Zhang Shuai , Liu Caijun , Liu Hui
Published: June 2024

Background

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with radiographic damage is more prevalent in men than in women. IL-17, which is mainly secreted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), plays an important role in the development of AS. Its expression is different between male and female. However, it is still unclear whether sex dimorphism of IL-17 contribute to sex differences in AS.

Methods

GSE221786, GSE73754, GSE25101, GSE181364 and GSE205812 datasets were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed with the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) methods. CIBERSORTx and EcoTyper algorithms were used for immune infiltration analyses. Machine learning based on the XGBoost algorithm model was used to identify the impact of DEGs. The Connectivity Map (CMAP) database was used as a drug discovery tool for exploring potential drugs based on the DEGs.

Results

According to immune infiltration analyses, T cells accounted for the largest proportion of IL-17-secreting PBMCs, and KEGG analyses suggested an enhanced activation of mast cells among male AS patients, whereas the expression of TNF was higher in female AS patients. Other signaling pathways, including those involving metastasis-associated 1 family member 3 (MAT3) or proteasome, were found to be more activated in male AS patients. Regarding metabolic patterns, oxidative phosphorylation pathways and lipid oxidation were significantly upregulated in male AS patients. In XGBoost algorithm model, DEGs including METRN and TMC4 played important roles in the disease process. we integrated the CMAP database for systematic analyses of polypharmacology and drug repurposing, which indicated that atorvastatin, famciclocir, ATN-161 and taselisib may be applicable to the treatment of AS.

Conclusions

We analyzed the sex dimorphism of IL-17-secreting PBMCs in AS. The results showed that mast cell activation was stronger in males, while the expression of TNF was higher in females. In addition, through machine learning and the CMAP database, we found that genes such as METRN and TMC4 may promote the development of AS, and drugs such as atorvastatin potentially could be used for AS treatment.
Relationships of serum MMP-7 and clinical characteristics in choledochal cyst children
Authors: Yin Tong , Chen Suyun , Zhou Ruijie , Liu Wei , Diao Mei , Li Long
Published: June 2024

Background

Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is associated with biliary injury. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships of serum MMP-7 with clinical characteristics in choledochal cysts (CDC) children.

Methods

Between June 2020 and July 2022, we conducted a prospective study of CDCs who underwent one-stage definitive operation at our center. Serum MMP-7 was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We evaluated the relationships between serum MMP-7 and age, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, liver fibrosis, MMP-7 expression, and perforation.

Results

A total of 328 CDCs were enrolled in the study, with a median serum MMP-7 of 7.67 ng/mL. Higher serum MMP-7 was correlated with younger age at diagnosis (p < 0.001), larger cyst sizes (p < 0.001), higher liver fibrosis stages (p < 0.001), and higher incidence of perforation (p < 0.01). Liver MMP-7 was mainly expressed in intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary epithelial cells. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.630 (p < 0.001) for serum MMP-7 in predicting perforation. When serum MMP-7 was combined with γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), the AUROC increased to 0.706 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Serum MMP-7 was associated with biliary obstruction in CDCs. Patients with high serum MMP-7 were more likely to have severe liver damage and biliary injury, with higher incidences of liver fibrosis and perforation.
The rise and fall of a social support intervention feasibility trial targeting loneliness in patients with cardiac disease - lessons learned and future perspectives
Authors: Blakoe Mitti , Olesen Cathrine S. , Christensen Anne Vinggaard , Palm Pernille , Hoejskov Ida Elisabeth , Berg Selina Kikkenborg
Published: June 2024

Background

One of the psychosocial factors recognized for its positive impact on health outcomes among patients with heart disease, is social support provided by network members. However, an increasing number of patients report to experience loneliness. This study addresses the gap in research on the feasibility of an individually structured social support intervention targeting patients treated for cardiac disease who experience loneliness.

Method

A feasibility trial of a 6-month social support intervention targeted patients treated for cardiac disease who experienced loneliness. The intervention involved providing the patient with an informal caregiver, either a person from the patient’s social network or a peer, in the long-term rehabilitation phase. Furthermore, the intervention included nurse consultations and motivational text messages. Feasibility was assessed in terms of acceptability and adherence.

Results

During October 2022-July 2023,n = 464 patients were screened for loneliness and 28 (6.0%) screened positive of which 17 (60.7%) accepted to be contacted and receive additional information about the social support intervention. Of these, 2 (11.8%) accepted participation. The low recruitment rate did not meet the predetermined acceptability criterion of 25%.

Conclusion

This individually structured social support intervention targeting patients treated for cardiac disease who experience loneliness was non-feasible. The study highlights the complexities of engaging lonely patients in a social support intervention program and contributes with valuable insights for future research aiming to develop effective social support interventions tailored to the needs of cardiac patients who experience loneliness.

Trial registration

The trial is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05503810) 18.08.2022.
Vimentin-mediated buffering of internal integrin β1 pool increases survival of cells from anoikis
Authors: Jang Jiyoung , Park Hyun Jung , Seong Wonyoung , Kim Jiyoon , Kim Chungho
Published: June 2024

Background

The intermediate filament protein vimentin is widely recognized as a molecular marker of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Although vimentin expression is strongly associated with cancer metastatic potential, the exact role of vimentin in cancer metastasis and the underlying mechanism of its pro-metastatic functions remain unclear.

Results

This study revealed that vimentin can enhance integrin β1 surface expression and induce integrin-dependent clustering of cells, shielding them against anoikis cell death. The increased integrin β1 surface expression in suspended cells was caused by vimentin-mediated protection of the internal integrin β1 pool against lysosomal degradation. Additionally, cell detachment was found to induce vimentin Ser38 phosphorylation, allowing the translocation of internal integrin β1 to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the use of an inhibitor of p21-activated kinase PAK1, one of the kinases responsible for vimentin Ser38 phosphorylation, significantly reduced cancer metastasis in animal models.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that vimentin can act as an integrin buffer, storing internalized integrin β1 and releasing it when needed. Overall, this study provides insights regarding the strong correlation between vimentin expression and cancer metastasis and a basis for blocking metastasis using this novel therapeutic mechanism.
Heterologous versus homologous COVID-19 booster vaccinations for adults: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Asante Mark Aninakwah , Michelsen Martin Ekholm , Balakumar Mithuna Mille , Kumburegama Buddheera , Sharifan Amin , Thomsen Allan Randrup , Korang Steven Kwasi , Gluud Christian , Menon Sonia
Published: June 2024

Background

To combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), booster vaccination strategies are important. However, the optimal administration of booster vaccine platforms remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to assess the benefits and harms of three or four heterologous versus homologous booster regimens.

Methods

From November 3 2022 to December 21, 2023, we searched five databases for randomised clinical trials (RCT). Reviewers screened, extracted data, and assessed bias risks independently with the Cochrane risk-of-bias 2 tool. We conducted meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses (TSA) on our primary (all-cause mortality; laboratory confirmed symptomatic and severe COVID-19; serious adverse events [SAE]) and secondary outcomes (quality of life [QoL]; adverse events [AE] considered non-serious). We assessed the evidence with the GRADE approach. Subgroup analyses were stratified for trials before and after 2023, three or four boosters, immunocompromised status, follow-up, risk of bias, heterologous booster vaccine platforms, and valency of booster.

Results

We included 29 RCTs with 43 comparisons (12,538 participants). Heterologous booster regimens may not reduce the relative risk (RR) of all-cause mortality (11 trials; RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.33 to 2.26; I2 0%; very low certainty evidence); laboratory-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 (14 trials; RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.25; I2 0%; very low certainty); or severe COVID-19 (10 trials; RR 0.51; 95% CI 0.20 to 1.33; I2 0%; very low certainty). For safety outcomes, heterologous booster regimens may have no effect on SAE (27 trials; RR 1.15; 95% CI 0.68 to 1.95; I2 0%; very low certainty) but may raise AE considered non-serious (20 trials; RR 1.19; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.32; I2 64.4%; very low certainty). No data on QoL was available. Our TSAs showed that the cumulative Z curves did not reach futility for any outcome.

Conclusions

With our current sample sizes, we were not able to infer differences of effects for any outcomes, but heterologous booster regimens seem to cause more non-serious AE. Furthermore, more robust data are instrumental to update this review.
Demographic and geographical trends in chronic lower respiratory diseases mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2020
Authors: Baral Nikita , Jabbar Ali Bin Abdul , Noor Amna , Mirza Mohsin , DeVrieze Bradley , Hildenbrand Alec , Tauseef Abubakar
Published: June 2024

Chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) related mortality has decreased in the United States due to increasing awareness in the general population and advancing preventative efforts, diagnostic measures, and treatment. However, demographic and regional differences still persist throughout the United States. In this study, we analyzed the temporal trends of demographic and geographical differences in CLRD-related mortality. Data was extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database. Using this data, age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 people (AAMR), annual percentage change (APC), and average annual percentage changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed. The Joinpoint Regression Program was used to determine mortality trends between 1999 and 2020 based on demographic and regional groups.

During this study period, there were 3,064,049 CLRD-related deaths, with most demographics and regional areas showing an overall decreasing trend. However, higher mortality rates were seen in the non-Hispanic White population and rural areas. Interestingly, mortality rates witnessed a decreasing trend for males throughout the study duration compared to females, who only began to show decreases in mortality during the latter half of the 2010s. Using these results, one can target efforts and build policies to improve CLRD-related mortality and reduce disparities in the coming decades.
A descriptive evaluation of a job analysis survey in the chiropractic profession in Switzerland – an update after more than 10 years
Authors: Baechler Mirjam , Yerly Nina , Tauschek Lucas , Schweinhardt Petra , Wirth Brigitte
Published: June 2024

Objectives

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to update the results of the first Swiss Job Analysis Survey in 2009 with regard to the demographics of the chiropractors and their patients, practice characteristics, interprofessional collaboration, the importance of imaging, and job satisfaction.

Methods

In April 2020, the adapted 2009 questionnaire was electronically sent to all members of the Swiss Chiropractic Association ChiroSuisse (N = 316). Only complete questionnaires were included in the descriptive analysis. Demographic data were compared to all ChiroSuisse members.

Results

The response rate was 76.3%. The mean age of the participants was 49.9 ± 12.3 years and 62.2% were male. Among the younger chiropractors (≤ 15 years of professional experience), 51.6% were male. Almost half of the participants worked in a joint office and one in five worked in a multidisciplinary setting. The typical chiropractic patient was middle-aged, female and suffered most frequently from acute lower back/pelvis pain and second most frequently from neck pain. Diversified osseous adjustment was the most commonly used technique, followed by advice on activities of daily living and trigger point therapy. Images (X-ray, CT, MRI) were ordered in less than 20% of the patients. 95% of the chiropractors were satisfied with their career choice.

Conclusions

No changes to 2009 were observed in terms of the typical patient or the applied techniques. However, the Swiss chiropractors were more experienced, to a larger proportion female, more often worked in multidisciplinary settings, and ordered fewer images. Job satisfaction among Swiss chiropractors was high.
Clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of CT-guided radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation for the treatment of superficial soft tissue metastasis: a 12-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Qiang Weiguang , Shi Hongbing , Sun Bai , Wang Hao , Wang Chao , Yuan Ye , Hu Wenwei
Published: June 2024

Background

Superficial soft tissue metastasis (S-STM) of malignant tumors is uncommon and often brings great pain to patients. However, current treatment options are limited. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of CT-guided radioactive iodine-125 (125I) seed implantation (RISI) for the treatment of S-STM.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 132 patients with S-STM who received RISI between June 2010 and July 2022. Local tumor progression-free survival (ltPFS), tumor response, pain control and complication were analyzed. The independent factors affecting ltPFS were screened out using a layered Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

The median follow-up time was 8.3 months (interquartile range [IQR], 4.5–15.3 months). The objective response rate (ORR) was 81.8%. The median ltPFS was 9.1 (95% CI: 6.6, 11.6) months. The Cox proportional hazard regression model revealed that the independent factors influencing ltPFS included KPS score, primary tumor, metastases, boundary, density and postoperative D90 (All P < 0.05). After RISI, the rate of pain relief was 92.3%. 66 (84.6%) patients reported pain marked relief, and 6 (7.7%) experienced pain moderate relief. No severe adverse events associated with RISI were observed during follow-up.

Conclusions

CT-guided RISI was associated with high local control and pain relief without severe adverse events and should be considered as a reliable palliative treatment modality for S-STM.

Trial registration

Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
Prognostic role of CRABP2 in lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Guang , Yin Qifan , Wang Wenhao , Xu Siwei , Liu Huining
Published: June 2024

Background

The prognostic value of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), in lung cancer patients remains to be uncertained. Therefore, our research attempted to assess the relationship between CRABP2 and survival analysis in lung cancer patients through meta-analysis.

Method

Related literature retrieved from Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, PubMed, the CNKI, and the Web of Science. The latest update of the search was May 1, 2023. The outcome indicators included as effective measures in the study were hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The Stata 12.0 software was used to analyze the data.

Results

A total of4 studies were finally enrolled in our meta-analysis. The increased plasma level of CRABP2 predicted poor OS in lung cancer patient with a combined HR of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00–1.30), and were not associated with poor PFS with combined HR: 1.15% CI: 0.63–2.09) in lung cancer patients.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis found the increased plasma level of CRABP2 was associated with poor OS independently in NSCLC patients. The plasma CRABP2 level may be an indicator of biological aggressiveness of the tumor. Our research was promising regarding the feasibility and utility of plasma CRABP2 as a novel prognostic biomarker in NSCLC, and the findings warrant further investigation.
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for perioperative management of infective endocarditis after COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report
Authors: Sawada Ken , Kawaji Takahiro , Yamana Koji , Matsuhashi Kazuki , Hara Yoshitaka , Kuriyama Naohide , Nakamura Tomoyuki , Maekawa Atsuo , Takagi Yasushi , Nishida Osamu
Published: June 2024

Background

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare cardiovascular complication in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). IE after COVID-19 can also be complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, the guidelines for the treatment of such cases are not clear. Here, we report a case of perioperative management of post-COVID-19 IE with ARDS using veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO).

Case presentation

The patient was a 40-year-old woman who was admitted on day 18 of COVID-19 onset and was administered oxygen therapy, remdesivir, and dexamethasone. The patient’s condition improved; however, on day 24 of hospitalization, the patient developed hypoxemia and was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to respiratory failure. Blood culture revealed Corynebacterium striatum, and transesophageal echocardiography revealed vegetation on the aortic and mitral valves. Valve destruction was mild, and the cause of respiratory failure was thought to be ARDS. Despite continued antimicrobial therapy, ARDS did not improve the patient’s condition, and valve destruction progressed; therefore, surgical treatment was scheduled on day 13 of ICU admission. After preoperative consultation with the team, a decision was made to initiate V-V ECMO after the patient was weaned from CPB, with concerns about further worsening of her respiratory status after surgery. The patient returned to the ICU with transition to V-V ECMO, and her circulation remained stable. The patient was weaned off V-V ECMO on postoperative day 33 and discharged from the ICU on postoperative day 47.

Conclusions

ARDS may occur in patients with IE after COVID-19. Owing to concerns about further exacerbation of pulmonary damage, the timing of surgery should be comprehensively considered. Preoperatively, clinicians should discuss perioperative ECMO introduction and configuration.
Is a high preoperative HbA1c level a risk factor for postoperative complications in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer?
Authors: Uramoto Hidetaka , Mizoguchi Takaki , Motono Nozomu
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity of lung cancer. We hypothesized that severe DM is associated with increased complications after surgical resection of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

A review of our retrospective thoracic database identified 1139 consecutive surgical resections for NSCLC from 2002 to 2021. Our analysis included the exploration of clinicopathological features, perioperative variables, and surgical outcomes.

Results

In addition to lung cancer, 170 patients (14.9%) had DM. The patients included 132 (77.6%) men and 38 (22.4%) women, with a median age of 72 (range, 51–93) years old. The median preoperative fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels were 135 mg/dL (range, 57–303) and 6.9% (range, 5.1–14.8), respectively. Eighty-one patients had DM as a single comorbidity, and 89 patients had other comorbidities or a relevant medical history. A total of 144 patients were prescribed these drugs. There were 107 patients (62.9%) who consulted a specialist diabetes endocrinology department preoperatively and 118 patients (69.4%) who required sliding-scale insulin during the perioperative period. Forty-seven patients (27.6%) developed post-operative complications. No cases of bronchopleural fistula were noted. A univariate analysis showed that the sex (p = 0.017), body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.0032), surgical procedure (p = 0.017), surgical time (p = 0.002), and lymphatic invasion (p = 0.011) were significantly different among patients stratified by postoperative complications. A multivariate analysis showed that a low BMI (odds ratio [OR]: 0.413, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.196–0.870, p = 0.018), long surgical time (OR: 2.690, 95% CI: 1.190–6.082, p = 0.015), and presence of lymphatic invasion (OR: 2.849, 95% CI: 1.319–6.135, p = 0.007) were risk factors for postoperative complications. In contrast, severe preoperative DM did not have a significant negative effect on the incidence of postoperative complications.

Conclusion

In modern respiratory surgery, severe DM does not affect the short-term outcomes under strict preoperative treatment.
Silencing LINC00987 ameliorates adriamycin resistance of acute myeloid leukemia via miR-4458/HMGA2 axis
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhu Xiao-ya , Liao Li-li , Zhang Zhan-hui , Huang Tao-sheng , Zhang Ling , Jiang Xi-wen , Ma Yi
Published: June 2024

Background

Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) eventually develop drug resistance, leading to a poor prognosis. Dysregulated long gene non coding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been implicated in chemoresistance in AML. Unfortunately, the effects of lincRNAs which participate in regulating the Adriamycin (ADR) resistance in AML cells remain unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine LINC00987 function in ADR-resistant AML.

Methods

In this study, ADR-resistant cells were constructed. LINC00987, miRNAs, and HMGA2 mRNA expression were measured by qRT-PCR. P-GP, BCRP, and HMGA2 protein were measured by Western blot. The proliferation was analyzed by MTS and calculated IC50. Soft agar colony formation assay and TUNEL staining were used to analyze cell colony formation and apoptosis. Xenograft tumor experiment was used to analyze the xenograft tumor growth of ADR-resistant AML.

Results

We found that higher expression of LINC00987 was observed in AML patients and associated with poor overall survival in AML patients. LINC00987 expression was increased in ADR-resistant AML cells, including ADR/MOLM13 and ADR/HL-60 cells. LINC00987 downregulation reduces ADR resistance in ADR/MOLM13 and ADR/HL-60 cells in vitro and in vivo, while LINC00987 overexpression enhanced ADR resistance in MOLM13 and HL-60 cells. Additionally, LINC00987 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-4458 to affect ADR resistance in ADR/MOLM13 and ADR/HL-60 cells. HMGA2 is a target of miR-4458. LINC00987 knockdown and miR-4458 overexpression reduced HMGA2 expression. HMGA2 overexpression enhanced ADR resistance, which reversed the function of LINC00987 silencing in suppressing ADR resistance of ADR/MOLM13 and ADR/HL-60 cells.

Conclusions

Downregulation of LINC00987 weakens ADR resistance by releasing miR-4458 to deplete HMGA2 in ADR/MOLM13 and ADR/HL-60. Therefore, LINC00987 may act as the therapeutic target for treating chemoresistant AML.