bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Grade Accreditation Quality on Community Trust at School in Indonesia
Authors: U.S. Supardi , . Hasbullah , Surur Miftahus
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, accreditation has become the concern of every school and is a government program in maintaining the quality of education. This research aimed to analyze the effect of accreditation quality on community trust at schools. The research was done by quantitative approach and used survey expose facto method. The population of this research includes all elementary, junior, and senior high school schools in the West Java region of Indonesia that consist of the Provinces of DKI Jakarta, West Java, and Banten with a total of 28,786. A sample of 175 schools was proportionately taken from the population. The proportion of the sample was taken from schools with accreditation with grade quality: A = 69, B = 101, and C = 5. Meanwhile, the statistical data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. The result indicates a positive effect of accreditation quality on community trust at school. It is recommended that all school stakeholders cooperate well to improve the quality of accreditation to achieve a superior grade (A).
The Influence of Age on Teachers’ Perception of Stressors on their Job Performance: Perspectives from Ika Local Government Area of Delta State
Authors: Okoh Iyeke Patrick , Osita Egbule Elizabeth , Enegbe Fakrogha I.
Published: March 2022

The study was carried out to investigate how teachers' perceptions of stressors on their job performance differ by age in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. To address the problem of the study, two hypotheses were formulated and were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. This study adopted a survey design with a descriptive method. The target population of the study consisted of all the 535 teachers from all the public primary schools in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. The sample size of the study consisted of 122 teachers that were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques. The instrument that was used to collect data for this study was a questionnaire designed by the researcher and titled; Teachers’ Perception of Stressors on their Job Performance Questionnaire (TPSJPQ). The face and content validities of the instrument were ascertained by three experts. The instrument was pilot-tested on some selected teachers outside the sample of the study and validated through an internal method of validation. The test reported a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.79 after two weeks. The instrument was used to collect data for the study and the data collected were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance Statistics (ANOVA) at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that teachers' perception of classroom population and work overload does not significantly differ by age in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that, there should be the creation of counseling centres to provide professional services and assistance to teachers suffering stress-related problems in all public primary schools.
The Effect of Self-Efficacy and Assertive on Students' Business Negotiation and Communication Skills in Vocational High Schools (VHS)
Authors: Sriyanto Sriyanto , Murniawaty Indri , Astuti Dwi Puji , Febrianta Yudha , Hassan Zainudin
Published: March 2022

Communication and negotiation provide significant contribution to the success and achievement of an organization. This study aims to examine factors influencing students' negotiation and communication in the Online Business and Marketing Department of VHS. The data used a questionnaire of 426 respondents consisting of VHS students throughout Central Java, then processed using inferential statistical analysis with WARP PLS-SEM. The researchers obtain several findings, that is self-efficacy and assertive variables do not have significant contribution to the business communication variable. In contrast, self-efficacy and assertive variables have significant contribution to the negotiation variable. Similarly, both variables found have no indirect effect on the business communication variable. Eventually, this study finds that students' communication skills during their study go hand in hand with knowledge and attitudes.
The Effect of Mindfulness-based Techniques Education on Nursing Students' Anxiety Upon Entering the Clinical Environment during the Covid-19 Outbreak
Authors: Alizadeh Maedeh , Jahanban Aylin , Partash Nasim , Isazadeh Naser , Maghsoodi Esmaeil , Ghavipanjeh Somayeh
Published: March 2022

Background: During the Covid-19 outbreak period, psychological disorders, especially anxiety, are highly prevalent among nursing students. Presence in a clinical setting for the first time, despite Covid-19 disease, exacerbates anxiety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mindfulness Based Techniques training on anxiety of nursing students in clinical environments arrival. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental that was conducted in 2020-21 on 46 students selected by the census method and randomly assigned to control (n = 22) and intervention groups (n = 22). Two samples were excluded due to exclusion criteria. The data gathering tool was a demographic questionnaire and the Spielberger’s Standard Scale. The intervention was carried out by the instructions of Kabat Zinn’s mindfulness meetings in 8 sessions for the intervention group. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver.20 software. Results: The results of this study showed that the average anxiety scores of students after the intervention was statistically significant in both groups. The average of students' anxiety scores in the intervention group increased after the intervention. Conclusions: The implementation of an educational program based on mindfulness techniques had a positive effect on nursing students' anxiety disorder during the Covid-19 outbreak period. Therefore, it is recommended to use mindfulness techniques to improve the anxiety of different classes, especially students in certain circumstances, the prevalence of Covid-19 disease.
Psychology of Modern Leadership as an Important Phenomenon of Effective Management
Authors: Buribaevich Murotmusaev Komiljon , Yuldashev Sheryigit Ergashevich , Ugli Shovkiev Lukmoniddin Boynazar
Published: March 2022

The article deals with contemporary understanding of the phenomenon of leadership. The authors analyze the distinctive features of a leader and his behavior, the specifics of leader's image representation. The paper touches upon the problem of choosing a motivation to be/to become a leader and not only to choose him/her and follow him/her in modern society. The authors of the article analyze the psychological types of personality of the modern leader. An overview of modern research, theories, leadership concepts is given. The issues devoted to the problem of leadership as a mechanism necessary for effective management of the organization are considered. Interdisciplinary understanding of leadership phenomenon within sociology, philosophy, political science, pedagogy and psychology is presented. The similarities and differences of such concepts as leader, manager, authority are revealed. The definition of such concepts as premiums and disadvantages of leadership is given. The characteristics of an effective leader are presented. The article deals with the types of groups, the personality of the leader, the traits of his character that contribute to his becoming a leader, the relationship between the leader and the rest of the group, the theories of leadership and types of leaders are studied. The relevance of this topic is due to the necessity of the presence of a leader in any group that solves the task set before it.
The Role of Field Training in Developing Art of Teaching in Students Majoring in Early Childhood at Jordanian Universities
Authors: Adheisat Majdi
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to identify the role field training plays in developing the art of teaching in students majoring in early childhood at Jordanian universities. The study adopted the descriptive analytical method in which a questionnaire comprising (36) items was used. The items were distributed into three domains: (academic knowledge, teaching and learning, self-development and professional responsibility). The study sample comprised (97) students majoring in early childhood education at Jordanian universities (Petra, Zarqa, King Husein, and Jordan University). Findings of the study revealed that the role field training plays in developing the art of teaching in students of early childhood at four Jordanian universities was high in the three aforementioned domains as follows: self-development and professional responsibility ranked first, teaching and learning, second, and academic knowledge, third. The findings also revealed that there were differences with statistical significance for the role of training among sample members that might be attributed to academic level, besides cumulative average variables which ranked (excellent and very good) in all fields of study in favor of seniors. The study provides a set of recommendations, the foremost of which are: to spread good practice of field training program among students of early childhood at Jordanian universities, and to pay more attention to developing the art of teaching in such students at all levels.
Roles Interplay between Teachers and Students in the Provisions of Feedback: Establishing a Common Ground
Authors: Rabbani Lutfieh Mohammad , Alarabi Khaleel Shehadeh , Alsalhi Najeh Rajeh , Qawasmi Abdellateef Abdelhafez Al
Published: March 2022

Although the critical importance of feedback in the context of formative assessment is self-evident, controversial conceptions concerning teachers’ and students’ roles in the overall feedback practice are still ongoing. To address this dilemma, seeking to uncover the complexity of engagement with feedback, in its entirely, is fundamental. This conceptual article, therefore, aims to illustrate a set of provisions under which having a shared awareness of feedback is believed would support the coordination between teachers’ and students’ efforts toward engagement with feedback, with reference to the notion of feedback literacy. Specifically, the current argument has been framed within the socio-constructivist paradigm which conceptualizes the multifaceted feedback construct as a dynamic social process of communication, with a specific focus on its cyclic and interactive nature. Overall, the outcomes stress the interdepended responsibility of teachers and students in which both contribute to the effectiveness and sustainability of the overall practice of giving and receiving feedback. A key message from the article is that the successful identification of the performance gap and “what’s next” via feedback is never sufficient to evoke and sustain student’s engagement with feedback unless this is meaningfully connected with long-term purposes and informed by the need to fulfill self-actualization potential. Accordingly, attention needs to be redirected more to the individual factors that may significantly influence student’s dispositions toward feedback. Finally, we call for new pathways that support these endeavors while bringing teachers and students into a common ground to better coordinate efforts in between.
Second Language and Its Significance in Teaching and Learning through Task-based Learning: Literature Review
Authors: Bai G. Reeta , C.S. Dr. Robinson
Published: March 2022

Learning a second language is not as simple as learning a regional language or mother tongue. Students can acquire the regional language faster because of the environment and usage of the language for survivors, where they get the opportunity to learn and get corrected. Whereas learning a second language without much reflection in routine will stress the learners to retain the language in the long run. To remove the barriers and learn the language better, task-based learning is one of the approaches that help the learners use the language without any intervention. Mistakes are rectified through observation and learning. It also indirectly helps the students to learn a second language faster. This review aims to define the character of task-based learning, the role of a teacher and the students, and to indicate the research carried out by various researchers. This literature review also states the effective usage of comics in task-based learning to improve the students’ learning outcomes. Reading has a great impact on an individual because many leaders were voracious readers and that was reflected in their speech, daily life, and the book they published.
The Letter (Thuma) between Neglect and Realization (An Analytical Study of its Occurrence in the Glorious Qur’an)
Authors: Al-Baydhani Dr. Abd-Gawaad Abd Al-Hassan Ali
Published: March 2022

(Thuma) appeared in (330) places in the Noble Qur’an, and its function varied between the conjunction of a sentence upon a sentence, as well as the conjunction of the accusative and predicate verb, prepositional phrase, but it did not fall in the Qur’anic text singular noun conjunction on a singular noun. Therefore, the grammarians’ opinions varied in its pronunciation and in its function, as some of them believe that its pronunciation is (Fum) (Jamal al-Din Muhammad ibn Makram, 1300 AH), this is due to the convergence of the two articulators of the two letters (thaa and faa) in pronunciation, so the sound of the letter (thaa) is the sound of my teeth, and the sound of the letter (faa) is oral to my teeth (Manaf Mahdi al-Mousawi, 1993), this pronunciation is steady in analogy, and odd in use, and it seems to the researcher that this is a dialect of one of the tribes in southern Arabia and northern Yemen, As for the places where it appears in the Noble Qur’an, most of its uses are devoted to the conjunction of the Phrase (Dr. Muhammad Abdul Khaliq Udayma, 2009), and the consensus of grammarians is achieved that it is a non-functional letter, so it does not have an effect on it in syntax, and some of the earlier grammarians and modernists claimed that it is a factor that makes the present tense verb, and there is a point of view (Dr. Aid Karim Alwan, 1966), according to the majority of grammarians and commentators, it is presented in two parts: the first: temporal, which indicates inaction at the time of the act, and the other: non-temporal, which indicates the disparity in ranks and not in times.
The Degree to which Faculty Members in Private Jordanian Universities Possess the Skill of Crisis Management as they See (Case Study: Jerash University)
Authors: Al-Amad Dr. Tamara , Almawadeh Dr. Nofah Sameh
Published: March 2022

This study aimed at recognizing the possession of crises management skill by the faculty members of jordanian private universities as they perceive it. It also aimed at finding out if significant differences existed between the respondents perceptions due to the variables: sex, experience and academic rank. The population of the study consisted of (231) faculty members, and the sample consisted of (126) faculty member, to collect data, an electronic was constructed, and its validity and reliability were computed. The results of the study revealed that the degree of possession of crisis management skill by the faculty members of jordanian private universities was medium (3.66). The results also showed that significant differences existed between the respondents perceptions due to the variable: sex, and for the benefit of female faculty member, and no significant differences were found due to the variables experience and academic rank in the light of the results of the study, several recommendations were introduced, among which were: conducting periodical meeting for the faculty member to increase their awareness towered all kinds of crises, wither they were caused by human or natural disasters, or other causes.
On the Situation of Muslim Clergy in Uzbekistan in 1927 (According to the United State Political Administration Report)
Authors: Adilov Dr. Abror A. , Atadjanova Dr. Sayyora M.
Published: March 2022

It should be noted that one of the most important issues facing the Soviet Union after the establishment of Soviet rule was the development of a new approach to Islam, the Muslim faith, and the appropriate political position in this regard.
Parental Participation in Supporting the Development of Communication Skills in Autistic Children
Authors: Naidoo Magdalene Kevisha , Govender Sumeshni
Published: March 2022

Parental participation, when conducted appropriately, can support the development of communication skills in autistic children within various learning environments. Paquette and Ryan (2001) state that the microsystem of a child can play a major role in impacting the development of the child as family, community and school structures directly expose the child to learning situations. The aim of this research is to understand the nature, extent and impact of the parents’ demographics on parental participation in supporting the development of communication skills in autistic children. Three special-needs schools within the King Cetshwayo District, KwaZulu-Natal, participated in this research. This research used a mix of qualitive and quantitative approaches and a phenomenological design when dealing with the social, emotional and educational implications of autistic children for the role and level of participation parents have in their children’s development of communication skills at school and home. It was noted that educators favoured sensory-enhancing activities, sign language (which is taught to all learners), and picture-exchange methods to develop communication skills in learners. These techniques require practice and consistent use in different contexts. Parents experienced difficulties scheduling sufficient time due to work situations. Bissoli (2014) found that children’s communication skills are influenced by the people around them. The need for more parental engagement in Autism Spectrum Disorder education and training will aid in enhancing the development of skills in children.
Sentiments in Leader’s Social Media Communication: Analyzing the German Chancellor on Instagram during COVID Pandemic
Authors: Nisch Stefan
Published: March 2022

Social media has a tremendous reach with about 3.5 billion users around the world. Therefore, also governments are already using social media platforms to reach out to their citizens. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the contact restrictions and lockdowns intensified people's need to rely on digital and social media. One method to explore this communication is referred to as “sentiment analyzes,” which attempts to automatically discover the underlying attitude about a certain entity. In this study, the social media communication of the chancellor of Germany was monitored during March 2019 and March 2021, and 610 posts towards the German citizens were collected through the analysis of APIs and Web Scraping techniques. This research will analyze the chancellor’s communication on social media before and during the covid pandemic. In order to examine how social media communication was affected in uncertain contexts and its impact on the sentiments transmitted to the German society during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of Emergency First Response for Adolescents in Observation House in Taif, KSA
Authors: Alsufyani Abdullah H. , Sayed Suheir. A.M. , Almalki Mohammed , Alsufyani Bader M. , Alsufyani Bandar R.
Published: March 2022

Background: The observation house in Taif is one of the social homes of the ministry of social affairs, which deals with the refinement, reform, and care of juveniles from the age of 12 to 18 years for whom the quantities are estimated to commit crimes of whatever crime, from minor and ordinary crimes to murders and this house is located north Taif City. Crisis first reaction alludes to the crisis or prompt consideration you ought to give when an individual is harmed or sick until full clinical therapy is accessible standard first aid training is done in this study. Aim: To evaluate the impact of emergency first response training among adolescents and workers in the observation house. Methods: Pre and post single arm community-based study design for Adolescents and workers in observation house in Taif City. Study duration from September 2020 to March 2021.data collected by standardized, close ended questionnaire for awareness through direct interview and observation checklist for emergency first response Care. Total coverage was taken during study duration. the study samples wear 100 (40 workers and 60 prisoners).the study had three phases and all participant pre assessment was done to find out the awareness and response needs during health emergencies and the intervention was designed according to the needs. The outcomes of the intervention were measured by comparison pre and post intervention scores. Data were analyzed by utilizing Levene's test for correspondence of differences and T – Test for uniformity of means Result: We have eight outcom to measure pre and post intervention, the results showed that all the variables tested there are an increase in post training scores, solely based on mean and deviation, compared to pre intervention. The results A two-tailed independent samples t-test was used to compare the mean difference in overall score between pre intervention and post intervention (n = 100). The Type I error rate was set at alpha = 0.05. The results showed the average overall mean score is less in pre intervention (M = 3.311, SD = 1.7485) than for post intervention (M = 11.556, SD = 0.5647), t(119,43) = 44.873, p = .000. Conclusion: emergency first response training in observation home given the adolescent's and worker's limited prior knowledge, it appears to be highly effective. One month following training, we saw substantial improvement and a high performance rate. Increasing the number of trained personnel in the observation house saves lives by reducing the number of persons who are injured or killed as a result of a delayed or inadequate response. While waiting for professional assistance, take urgent action and implement the right strategies., researchers recommended add the emergency first response to programs and activities that are provided to adolescents in the observation houses.
Compliment Responses among Non-native English Speakers: Evidence of Pragmatic Transfer from Persian into English
Authors: Salman Ahmed Rawdhan
Published: March 2022

Pragmatic failure contributes to misunderstanding in intercultural communication. Hence, language learners must not only acquire the correct forms of the target language, but also the knowledge of how to use the language pragmatically appropriate in the target culture. This study probes the evidence of pragmatic failure in the English Complement Responses (CRs) of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. The participants were EFL students in a national university in Iran who were asked to take part in a Discourse Completion Test (DTC). This test included some hypothetical situations where the participants were requested provide responses to the compliments. Herbert’s (1986) taxonomy was used to classify the types of the CRs. Findings indicated that the participants transferred some of the Iranian cultural schemas to their CRs expressed in English. It is implied from this study that the teachers should make the EFL learners sensitive to the form and the sound use of CRs in intercultural communication with native English speakers. The results have useful implications for stakeholders in the field of TEFL in general and in Iran in particular.
Parental Outcomes in Early Intervention for Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities
Authors: Abdat Rawhi , Safi Mohammed F. , Sartawi Abdelaziz
Published: March 2022

Parents’ outcomes in early intervention for children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) have not received close study in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In pursuit of this goal, a quantitative method used to collect quantitative data and investigate parents’ outcomes. Therefore, the family outcomes survey (FOS) was utilised to collect data from parents whose children were served in four rehabilitation centres across the UAE. Descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to address the main research question and examine the study hypotheses. The results of the study indicated high parent outcomes in two areas: understanding the child’s needs and providing support; meanwhile, other outcomes did not achieve the cut-off score. Additionally, statistical differences were found among outcomes in relation to the family services programme, type of disability (in favour of parents of children with developmental delay and Down syndrome), and according to service duration (in favour of parents of children receiving services for 13 months or more). Accordingly, this study results were discussed in light of the previous literature and provided recommendations to enhance parents’ outcomes in early childhood intervention programmes.
The Impact of Post-Method Pedagogy on Iraqi EFL Teaching Strategies
Authors: Al-Khazaali Husam Mohammed Kareem , Enad Abeer Ali
Published: March 2022

The main aim behind the current study is to bring new insights into teacher development by concentrating on Post-Method Pedagogy (PMP), as it is assumed to be one of the excellent alternatives to the shortages of using traditional techniques. PMP or post-method era is first put forward by Kumaravadivelu in 1994. It occurred as a reaction to the claim that the ideal method in teaching English unrestricted by the method-based boundaries. Kumaravadivelu sees PMP as consisting of 3 sided classifications with 3 pedagogic parameters: possibility, practicality, and particularity; also, he suggests micro-strategies in the schoolroom. For the former concept to be clearly explained, the study focuses on case studies to examine the beliefs of students and teachers regarding post-methods and methods, also knowing if the current activities of teaching are consistent with all PMP micro-strategies through teaching technique, teaching interaction, teaching content and teaching object alternatively. There are 3 instruments of research measurement that have been adopted, i.e., classroom observations, interviews, and questionnaires. In this research, the results show that the application of PMP plays an essential role in the Iraqi EFL context and increases both teacher autonomy and student ability to perform English language in a better way.
The Grammatical Probability of the Accusative Nouns in Surat Maryam
Authors: Al-Juaifari Hanaa Idan Mahdi
Published: March 2022

The word of God confuses all of his creation, because of what is distinguished by it, and because it is something unlike it, all scholars differed from the commentators and grammarians about it. I wanted to search in his dear book and in one of its honorable surahs, and because it was a surah that was neither long nor short, and the names mentioned in it were many, I chose (Surat Maryam - the Blessed). The aim of the study is that many of its word structures differed in which scholars from grammarians, visual and Kufic interpreters, and the reasons for this is a difference in its facts and reading of its verses in the introduction, delay and omission, and variation in its grammatical functions and expansion in its meanings and the tribal fanaticism that affected its words and consequently on its expression. All of this generated different Arabic form, some of which could be interpreted as three. I took samples from this and that and detailed opinions and evidence. All of this proved that the basis of the grammatical difference in the plurality of Arabic possibilities is two axes, the most important of which is the meaning and the second is its relevance to the grammatical rule, as well as the many semantics of the words of the honorable verse.
Primary School Teachers' Perceptions of the Differences in Executive Brain Functions for People with Learning Disabilities in Light of their Difficulty Pattern
Authors: Bedaiwy Abdulrahman Ali , Al-Anzi Al-Hanouf Jazaa Muhammad
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to reveal the perceptions of primary school teachers of the differences in the executive brain functions (EBFs) of their students with learning disabilities (LDs) of both genders, in light of their difficulty pattern (reading and mathematics). The sample of study was (273) male and female students with LDs in the primary stage in the East and West of Dammam city, including (129) male and (144) female students are followed up by (35) male and female teachers with LDs, with (17) male and (18) female teachers of LDs. The study used the descriptive approach by applying a questionnaire to measure the EBFs from preparing researchers. The results revealed that the level of the EBFs of those with LDs in the primary stage in east and west of Dammam was “medium”, with statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between the two-arithmetic means (AMs) and EBFs in people with LDs that attributed to the learning difficulty pattern. The EBFs of those with reading difficulties showed a greater level than those with math LDs, and there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between the two AMs attributable to the brain functions of the gendered ones.
Learning Literature through Media: A Comparative Study of Learning Process through Written and Filmed Literature
Authors: Mahmood Dr. Rasib , Qasim Asifa , Shah Dr. Akhter Habib , Kumar Dr. Tribhuwan
Published: March 2022

Literature documents and represents the experiences of human beings in the form of novels, poetry and dramas. These experiences can also be made visual in movies and other enactments. EFL practitioners employ literature to teach English. This study investigated the differences in the learning processes of EFL learners using texts and movies in the Pakistani context. Macbeth and A Passage to India were selected arbitrarily for this study. The data were collected through classroom observations and interviews from Lahore and NUML University Peshawar. The participants were divided into two groups of twenty. The control group used written texts of the literary works, whereas the experimental group was taught through movies of the novel and the play. The study’s findings revealed both positive and negative effects on the learners. The use of text resulted in better writing skills, correct spellings, and sentences but tended to show weak speaking skills with the local pronunciation of English words. On the other hand, watching movies improved the learners’ fluency and pronunciation, but they had spelling and sentence construction problems. Therefore, it is recommended that both written and visual forms of literary works be used concomitantly.
Role of Work Stress and Work Discipline on Performance of High School Teachers in East Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Reynaldo Jason , Tannady Hendy , Nurjanah Siti
Published: March 2022

Determine the influence between all independent variables such as work discipline and also work stress on dependent variable namely performance of teacher at high school in East Jakarta, Indonesia both of partially and simultaneously is the objective of this study. Quantitative analysis approach by distributing questionnaires through google form to 43 teachers is used in this study. The non-probability sampling technique was a the sampling technique, that researcher used in this study. At the first phase of this research, researchers conducted data quality test involving validity test and reliability test, then the analysis process continued to classical assumption test, hypothesis test and multiple regression test and is processed using the IBM SPSS Statistic 22 program. This study results indicate that all independent variables have significant impact on dependent. Variable of work stress has effected negatively on performance of teacher. Variable of work discipline has effected positively on performance of teacher. Simultaneously work discipline and work stress has an positive impact on teacher performance.
Assignment of Macroroles to the Double Objects of Verbs of Transferring: A Role and Reference Grammar Perspective
Authors: Hatem Sarah Noori , Al-Utbi Mahdi Innayah Kareem
Published: March 2022

Ditransitive verbs that have two objects can be challenging when analyzed from the perspective of universal theories like Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) because each language deals with them in a different way. That is, each language has its own way to classify these verbs. This leads to some differences in the semantic role that each element performs in the sentence. RRG assumes two main macroroles for arguments in the clause: actor and undergoer. Therefore, the second object of a ditransitive verb is given the role of “non-macrorole direct core argument.” Haspelmath (2008) argues that two macroroles may not be enough to cover the cross-linguistic variations. Therefore, he suggests two additional macroroles. This paper, then, tackles the issue of role assignment in English and Arabic double-object constructions (DOCs) in the light of RRG taking into consideration Haspelmath’s suggestion. A limitation is made in this concern; it will be with ditransitive verbs that encode the action of receiving. It was concluded that the third argument of ditransitive verbs may not receive a non-macrorole direct core argument as the theory assumes, but can receive new roles that express the nature of the relationship between these arguments and their verbs.
The Culture of Violence against Childhood - An Anthropological Study in the City of Hilla
Authors: Al-obeydi Dr. Salwan Fawzi Abd Baqli
Published: March 2022

The family is the basic building block of society, and the first social institution in which the child grows, the family environment is of particular importance in shaping children's behavior, in addition to the surrounding social environment affecting childhood, since violence is a prominent feature surrounding childhood, this study aims to shed light on the extent to which children are exposed to violence within the family, what are the images of this violence and its repercussions on childhood, and the extent to which this violence is related to some cultural and social variables. As the study sample consisted of (175) families in the city of Hilla (the center of Babil Governorate), the study found a high rate of violence against childhood due to the means and methods of socialization and the culture of society. Verbal violence is the most common type of violence against childhood, followed by physical, verbal and physical violence, neglect. With a decrease in the percentage of children whose personalities have been affected by violence. There is a significant relationship between the academic achievement of the father and mother, the economic level of the family, the number of family members, exposure to family problems and the degree of the child's exposure to violence.
Associations between chronic work stress and plasma chromogranin A/catestatin among healthy workers
Authors: Liu Xin , Dang Weimin , Liu Hui , Song Yao , Li Ying , Xu Weixian
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Plasma chromogranin A (CgA) may play a critical role on linking work stress to health outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the associations between work stress and plasma CgA levels in healthy workers without chronic diseases.

Methods

The study included 260 healthy workers from EHOP study. Work stressors were assessed by the Chinese version of the 23-item ERI-Q questionnaire. Plasma CgA and catestatin levels were measured by ELISA kits. The demographic characteristics were collected from medical records.

Results

Among the final 260 subjects including 173 males (66.5%) and 87 females (33.5%), the average age was 37.6 ± 10.6 years old. Effort, overcommitment, and ERI were positively associated with plasma CgA level, respectively (r = 0.267, 0.319, and 0.304, all p < .001), while reward was negatively associated with CgA level (r = −0.237, p < .001). The workers with high effort, overcommitment, or ERI had significantly higher plasma CgA levels, while the workers with high rewards had significantly lower plasma CgA levels. The workers with both high overcommitment and high ERI had highest plasma CgA levels. In the linear regression analysis, after adjustment for confounders, effort, overcommitment, and ERI were respectively positively related to plasma CgA, while reward negatively related to plasma CgA. The associations between work stress and plasma catestatin was not significant. The ratio of CgA and catestatin was associated with work stress.

Conclusions

Work stress is associated with plasma CgA which may be play a crucial role on the pathway from chronic work stress to cardiovascular diseases.
Development of a miRNA‐based classifier for detection of colorectal cancer molecular subtypes
Authors: Adam Ronja S. , Poel Dennis , Ferreira Moreno Leandro , Spronck Joey M. A. , de Back Tim R. , Torang Arezo , Gomez Barila Patricia M. , ten Hoorn Sanne , Markowetz Florian , Wang Xin , Verheul Henk M. W. , Buffart Tineke E. , Vermeulen Louis
Published: March 2022

Previously, colorectal cancer (CRC) has been classified into four distinct molecular subtypes based on transcriptome data. These consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) have implications for our understanding of tumor heterogeneity and the prognosis of patients. So far, this classification has been based on the use of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), although microRNAs (miRNAs) have also been shown to play a role in tumor heterogeneity and biological differences between CMSs. In contrast to mRNAs, miRNAs have a smaller size and increased stability, facilitating their detection. Therefore, we built a miRNA‐based CMS classifier by converting the existing mRNA‐based CMS classification using machine learning (training dataset of n = 271). The performance of this miRNA‐assigned CMS classifier (CMS‐miRaCl) was evaluated in several datasets, achieving an overall accuracy of ~ 0.72 (0.6329–0.7987) in the largest dataset (n = 158). To gain insight into the biological relevance of CMS‐miRaCl, we evaluated the most important features in the classifier. We found that miRNAs previously reported to be relevant in microsatellite‐instable CRCs or Wnt signaling were important features for CMS‐miRaCl. Following further studies to validate its robustness, this miRNA‐based alternative might simplify the implementation of CMS classification in clinical workflows.
Inhalable MOF‐Derived Nanoparticles for Sonodynamic Therapy of Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Pan Xueting , Wu Nier , Tian Shengyuan , Guo Juan , Wang Chaohui , Sun Yun , Huang Zezhong , Chen Fangzhou , Wu Qingyuan , Jing Ying , Yin Zhe , Zhao Baohua , Xiong Xiaolu , Liu Huiyu , Zhou Dongsheng
Published: March 2022

Clinical therapy of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria‐induced deep‐tissue infections such as pneumonia is highly challenging. Ultrasound (US)‐induced sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a promising strategy for treatment of deep‐tissue diseases given the strong tissue penetration of US. Here, ZIF‐8‐derived carbon@TiO2 nanoparticles (ZTNs) are developed as inhalable sonosensitizers for bacterial pneumonia. ZTNs upon US irradiation exhibit an excellent efficacy to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby to kill Gram‐negative MDR bacteria in vitro. Taking advantage of aerosolized intratracheal inoculation, ZTNs can be precisely delivered to lung infection sites, and display an effective SDT‐based elimination of Gram‐negative MDR bacteria in the lung infection models of immunocompetent or immunodeficient mice. Particularly, ZTNs upon US irradiation give a 100% survival rate in the severely immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice with a lethal bacterial pneumonia. In addition, ZTNs have no obvious toxicity at both cellular and animal levels. Metal–organic‐framework‐derived nanoparticles as safe and efficient inhalable sonosensitizer have a great potential to be used for the clinical antibiotics‐alternative treatment of MDR bacterial pneumonia. This study presents a new paradigm for SDT‐based treatment of deep‐tissue bacterial infections, and will expand the nanomedicine application of inorganic sonosensitizers.
A Siloxene/Ecoflex Nanocomposite‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Enhanced Charge Retention by MoS2/LIG for Self‐Powered Touchless Sensor Applications
Authors: Shrestha Kumar , Sharma Sudeep , Pradhan Gagan Bahadur , Bhatta Trilochan , Maharjan Pukar , Rana SM Sohel , Lee Sanghyun , Seonu Sookyeong , Shin Youngdo , Park Jae Y.
Published: March 2022

The contactless triboelectric nanogenerator with the capability of touchless interactions has become extremely fascinating for applications in health care, remote security, and augmented reality. Herein, a Siloxene/Ecoflex nanocomposite‐based high‐performance contactless triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is newly proposed that induces abundant surface charges owing to the strong electron affinity property of the Siloxene/Ecoflex. Furthermore, charge retention is one of the significant challenges in contactless TENG. For this, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) incorporated laser‐induced graphene (LIG) is introduced as a charge trapping interlayer, which increases the surface potential by four‐fold, enhances the output performance of the TENG, and exhibits excellent charge trapping property which is supported by the surface potential measurements. In addition, the fabricated TENG exhibits excellent humidity sensing characteristics with a sensitivity of 0.45 V/% whereas the wear and tear of the device is prevented owing to the non‐contact mechanism of TENG. Finally, the TENG is demonstrated as a self‐powered sensor for touchless hand sanitizer applications as well as a wireless controller that transmits triggering signals for controlling the movement of the object in a gaming interface. Considering the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, the proposed contactless TENG is highly promising for touchless interactions and for reducing possible contact situations.
Discovery of a Slater–Pauling Semiconductor ZrRu1.5Sb with Promising Thermoelectric Properties
Authors: Wang Luyao , Dong Zirui , Tan Shihua , Zhang Jiye , Zhang Wenqing , Luo Jun
Published: March 2022

Cubic half‐ and full‐Heusler compounds with respectively 18 and 24 valence electrons exhibit semiconducting behaviors according to the Slater–Pauling rule. In this work, a half‐Heusler‐like ZrRu1.5Sb semiconductor with the space group F3m is discovered based on the Slater–Pauling rule. The ZrRu1.5Sb compound has 21 valence electrons per chemical formula and each atom has six valence electrons on average, showing a p‐type conduction with a dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit zT ≈0.2 at 973 K. By adjusting the Ru content, both p‐type (x ≤ 0.5) and n‐type (x > 0.5) semiconductors are realized in the ZrRu1+xSb solid solution. Following this way, other half‐Heusler‐like semiconductors, such as ZrRu1.30Ni0.10Sb, ZrRu1.40Ni0.05Sb, and ZrRu1.30Ni0.05Sb, are also successfully designed and synthesized, demonstrating the effectiveness and practicality of our strategy to explore Slater–Pauling semiconductors. Furthermore, these half‐Heusler‐like semiconductors show promising potential as thermoelectric materials. The p‐type ZrRu1.4Sb and n‐type ZrRu1.7Sb samples have zT values of 0.38 at 973 K and 0.25 at 773 K, respectively, offering superior base materials for further optimizing their thermoelectric properties. The discovery of ZrRu1.5Sb‐based thermoelectric semiconductors demonstrates the great potential to design Slater–Pauling phases with exotic physical properties.
Long Persistent Luminescence of Melt‐Grown Bulk‐Sized Doped Organic Crystals
Authors: Cui Shuangyue , Zhu Tianwen , Zhang Leilei , Ye Xin , Han Quanxiang , Ge Chao , Guo Qing , Zheng Xiaoxin , Lin Qinglian , Li Cuicui , Jiang Jinke , Yuan Wangzhang , Liu Yang , Tao Xutang
Published: March 2022

Host–guest systems constitute a primary subclass of long persistent luminescent (LPL) materials. Doped organic crystals serve as model platforms to clarify the intricate effect of chromophores embedded in an ordered lattice background. However, construction of doped organic crystals through traditional solution method is restricted by drawbacks such as inhomogeneity and imprecise quantification. In this report, a series of doped organic crystals is grown by a melt growth technique with centimeter‐scale size and precisely controlled concentration and homogeneity. Although the host crystals are neutral with neither heavy atoms nor any functional groups, they show enhanced long persistent luminescence with lifetimes of nearly three orders longer than those of the pure guest molecules. Moreover, the LPL wavelength, lifetime, and quantum yield can be tuned by different host–guest combination and doping concentration. Theoretical optimizations reveal that the guest molecules are substitutively rather than interstitially embedded in the host crystal lattice. The results prove melt growth to be an effective way to build and to finely control host–guest long persistent luminescent systems.
Unclonable Anti‐Counterfeiting Labels Based on Microlens Arrays and Luminescent Microparticles
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Dottermusch Stephan , Katumo Ngei , Chauhan Aditya , Richards Bryce S. , Howard Ian A.
Published: March 2022

Micron‐scale randomness during manufacturing can create unique and unclonable anti‐counterfeiting labels. The security of such labels typically comes at the expense of complex hardware being required for authentication. This work demonstrates unclonable labels that can be authenticated using simple hardware such as a standard light‐emitting diode and smartphone camera. These labels consist of a microlens array laminated to a luminescent‐microparticle‐doped polymer film, and thereby present a new method of making microscopic particle distributions visible on the macroscopic scale. The current novel design offers two significant practical advantages: 1) use of an incoherent source; and 2) authentication independent of the detector position. A comparison of 100 test images against 100 different reference images (total of 10,000 comparisons out of which 100 should authenticate and 9900 should not), demonstrates that authentication is robust with an estimated probability of a false positive on the order of 10−15. Finally, a proof‐of‐concept is demonstrated through successful authentication of a label by a single smartphone, simultaneously providing both excitation and detection on the front side of the label.
A Synergetic Codoping Strategy Enabling Performance Improvement of Pure‐Blue Perovskite Quantum Dots Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Pan Jiangyong , Zhao Zihan , Fang Fan , Wang Lixi , Wang Guangzhao , Liu Chengjun , Huang Qianqian , Sun Jinyi , Huang Yuling , Mao Lei , Xie Jing , Xue Ying , Chen Jing , Lei Wei
Published: March 2022

Highly efficient green and red perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) light‐emitting diodes (PeQDLEDs) have been achieved. However, blue PeQDLEDs, especially those with the relatively short wavelengths (<470 nm) meeting National Television System Committee blue standard, have struggled to match the high efficiency and stability of their red and green counterparts. The main critical problems are the low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and poor stability of PeQDs, as well as the unfavorable device structure. Herein, a strategy of codoping Mn2+ and Ni2+ in CsPb(Br1.8Cl1.2) is developed to improve the PLQY and thermal stability of PeQDs due to the defect passivation and enhanced formation energy. Meanwhile, the valence band position of PeQDs is elevated to reduce the hole injection barrier benefitting from the synergetic codoping strategy. As a result, the PeQDLEDs based on codoped PeQDs exhibit the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.31% with the emission peak located at 469 nm, and lifetime exceeding 8 min. The work provides a new avenue to achieve efficient and stable pure blue PeQDLEDs.