bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEP 2020 and the Infrastructure for ICT-based Teaching Learning
Authors: - Shailja Gaur
Published: January 2024

The globe now is attempting to recover from the devastating effects of the Novel Coronavirus Disease pandemic (COVID-19). The propagation of this rare disease across the world has altered every aspect of existence. It completely changed the paradigm of education, converting traditional classroom settings to virtual ones. One of the foremost important laws of the twenty-first century is the National Education Policy (NEP), which was written in 2019 and endorsed by the Indian Union Cabinet on the 29th of July in 2020. The policy is ground-breaking and comprehensive in every way, with a focus on several elements of education, including the incorporation of ICT. The NEP 2020 places a lot of emphasis on integrating technology because it can be a key element in fostering all-encompassing development. The creation of virtual labs is also given considerable attention in NEP 2020. It is important to note here that a National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) is likewise in the process of being founded. Despite widespread support for using ICT in teaching and learning, there were still some issues with classroom integration. Several crippling problems emerged, among them are inadequate ICT infrastructure, institutional discouragement, slack policies, and—above all—, insufficient technological, pedagogical, and integrative abilities among teachers at all levels. In addition to highlighting NEP 2020's key points and different ICT-related provisions for teaching and learning, this paper also discusses several implementation issues and infrastructural requirements for ICT. Finally, several recommendations are made for the optimum utilization of ICT.
संत रज्जब जी और संत सुन्दरदास की वाणियों में सामाजिक चेतना (Sant Rajjab ji aur Sant Sunderdas ki vaniyoon mein samajik chetna)
Authors: - Krishna Meena
Published: January 2024

शोध सारांश
व्यक्ति की समाज के प्रति जागरूक मानसिकता ही सामाजिक चेतना कहलाती है। निर्गुण संत कवियों ने अपनी वाणियों के माध्यम से सामाजिक चेतना को जागृत करने की साधना की। संत रज्जब अली और संत सुन्दर दास जी का काव्य तत्कालीन युग परिस्थितियों से प्रभावित नजर आता है। संत रज्जब अली और संत सुन्दर दास जी ने अपने अपनी वाणियों के माध्यम से मध्यकालीन सामाजिक चेतना को सशक्त किया जिससे सामाजिक स्तर पर जन-जीवन का उद्धार हुआ। जहाँ तक संत रज्जब जी और संत सुन्दरदास जी की सामाजिक चेतना की तुलना का प्रश्न है, संत रज्जब अली सामाजिक चेतना के आधारों में अधिक उग्र और आक्रमक नजर आए जबकि संत सुन्दरदास शास्त्रीय सम्मत होते हुए भी कम ऊर्जावान नजर आए। अपने सामाजिक आदर्शों को फली भूत करने के लिए जो ज्योति दोनों संतों ने जलाई, वह युगों तक हिन्दी साहित्य को अक्षुण्ण रखेगी।
Bir Lachit Borphukan, the Unsung Hero of Medieval Bharat: A Critical Study
Authors: - Moyuri Bora
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

Lachit Borphokan is the pride and example of patriotism of Bharat who give the greatest example of sacrifices for country by which he inspires and motivates every person of Assam for the supreme sacrifice for our nation if it need. He was born on 24 November 1622 to Momai Tamuli Boabarua and Kunti Moran at Charaideo to a Ahom family. After completing his study in humanities and military strategies, he was appointed as the Saladhara Barua (as Private Secretary) of Ahom King. He was also appointed to other important positions like the superintendent of stable Royal Horses and superintendent of house guards. King Chakradwaj Singha was impressed by his duty, honesty and discipline and made him the commander in chief of Ahom army i.e Borphukan. As a warrior he holds a special place in history. Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb sent Mughals under the leadership of Ram Singha to seize Assam in I671 and Lachit Borphukan defeated them at the battle of Saraighat. Assam was nearly captured by Mughal, but his Captainship prevented them to do so. His patriotism, bravery, dutifulness, and determination are enshrined in the history of Assam also motivate and inspire every person of Assam. Such a great hero of Ma Bharati should be remembered by each and every person of the country. His life and works can be a source of inspiration to all.
Critical Estimation of Rohinton Mistry’s Novel ‘Such a Long Journey’
Authors: - Ravindra Arunrao Ranaware
Published: January 2024

The present paper emphasizes on the presentation of the predicament of Parsi community in Indian context as reflected in Rohinton Mistry’s novel ‘Such a Long Journey’ (1991). The novel selected for the study provides sufficient background to grasp the socio-political status of marginalized group of Indian society viz. Parsi in post-colonial era. Rohinton Mistry being associated with Indian Diaspora in Canada utilizes his fictional writing to explore the life, struggle, frustration and middle-class aspirations of an average, lower middle-class Parsi family in Bombay in the novel under scrutiny.
A Review Article on Migrane
Authors: - Sanjana B. Ambore , - Prof. Vaishnavi R. Fasate , - Afiya M. Tigale , - Ekant S. Kale
Published: January 2024

Migrane are a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, moderate to severe headache. They are often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound and in some cases, visual disturbances migraines can significantly impact a person’s quality of life and may require a combination of lifestyles changes, medication and other therapies for effective management. Migraine is the sixth most prevalent disease globally, a major cause of disability, and it imposes an enormous personal and socio-economic burden.
Migraine treatment is often limited by insufficient therapy response, leading to the need for individually adjusted treatment. In this review, we analyse historical and current pharmaceutical development approaches in acute and chronic migraine based on comprehensive and systematic analysis of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and those under investigation. The development of migraine therapeutics has significantly intensified during the last 3 years, as shown by our analysis of the trends of drug development between 1970 and 2020. The spectrum of drug targets has expanded considerably, which has been accompanied by an increase in the number of specialised clinical trials. This review highlights the mechanistic implications of FDA approved and currently investigated drugs and discusses current and future therapeutic options based on identified drug classes of interest.
हिंदी साहित्य में उदारीकरण और किसान: 'फांस’ उपन्यास के विशेष सन्दर्भ में
Authors: - Savita Verma , - Gajula Raju
Published: January 2024

कृषि भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था की बुनियाद है, लेकिन हाल के वर्षों में किसानों द्वारा आत्महत्या की बढ़ती हुई घटनाओं ने खेती में व्याप्त जबरदस्त संकट की ओर सबका ध्यान केंद्रित किया है। खेती का संकट केवल भारत में ही नहीं अपितु अमेरिका और यूरोप जैसे देशों में भी व्याप्त है; वहां भी किसान आत्महत्या कर रहे हैं और तेजी से खेती छोड़ रहे हैं। किसानों का विस्थापन ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों से शहरी क्षेत्रों की ओर हो रहा है, जहां पर वे औद्योगिक कारखानों में संलग्न हो रहे हैं। अपने खेतों के स्वामी किसान अब बड़े -बड़े नगरों में मजदूर बन चुके हैं। स्वाभिमानी किसान से बेबस किसान और मजदूर बनने की प्रक्रिया में सत्ता और पूंजीवादी व्यवस्था की हिंसक उदारवादी आर्थिक नीतियां जिम्मेदार हैं। इस पूरी प्रक्रिया में किसानों द्वारा किए गए संघर्ष का जीवंत चित्रण संजीव ने अपने उपन्यास ‘फांस’ में किया है। यह शोध आलेख फांस उपन्यास में उदारवादी नीतियों का किसानों पर पड़ने वाले दुष्परिणामों का विश्लेषण करता है।
Impact of Self-help Groups on Women's Empowerment and Socio-economic Development in the Agarbathi Industry: a Case Study in Chamarajanagar District
Authors: - Deepa S R , - Sonia Delrose Noronha
Published: January 2024

With a case study in the Chamarajanagar District, this study attempts to explore the social and economic advancement of women's empowerment through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in the agarbatti business. The goal of the study is to comprehend how SHGs affect women's empowerment in terms of enhanced livelihoods, financial independence, elevated social standing, and general well-being.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The majority of the sample respondents are chosen using basic random sampling. Primary data for this study were gathered directly from respondents using pre-made questionnaires. Secondary data from relevant sources were added to a basic proportion of other pertinent statistical procedures.
Findings/Result: The research findings are expected to contribute to the existing literature on women's empowerment, self-help groups, and socio-economic development while providing insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and stakeholders in the agarbatti industry.
Originality/Value: This research addresses the impact of self-help groups on women's empowerment and socio-economic development within a specific context—the agarbatti industry in Chamarajanagar district.
Type of Paper: Research Paper
Study on the Insect Pest-complex and Its Correlations with Environmental Factors on Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.)
Authors: - Pradeep Kumar Chandra , - Waluniba , - Jiya Kharibam
Published: January 2024

The present investigation was carried out during November 2022 to February 2023. The field experiment was conducted in Randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications at Experimental farm, Department of Entomology, SAS, Medziphema. The outcomes of the experiments revealed that, during period of investigation, ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed. The activity of aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestation on fenugreek started in the 45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 52nd SMW (23.36 aphids/ three leaves). The thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was observed from 46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (9.32 thrips/ three leaves). The population of Spodoptera litura on fenugreek started appearing from 47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2 caterpillar/ plant). The serpentine leaf miner was observed from 49th SMW (0.56 maggot/ plant) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (2.3 maggot/ plant). The population of flea beetle on fenugreek started appearing from 48th SMW (0.8 adult/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2.03 adult/ plant). The correlation studies with weather parameters revealed that aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature but non-significant with other remaining weather parameters.
Amlodipine Induced Gingival Enlargement- A Case Report
Authors: - Chinmaya G J , - Ranjani shetty , - Dr. Ashok L
Published: January 2024

Exuberant proliferation of gingival soft tissues in response to local and systemic conditions leads to gingival overgrowth which may create speech problems, difficulty in mastication, altered tooth eruption, and esthetic problems. Gingival enlargement can also occur as a side effect of certain drugs like calcium channel blockers, anti-convulsants and immunosuppressants given for systemic diseases. Hypertension is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Amlodipine has been widely used from past 2 decades in the management of hypertension and stable angina because of its good efficacy and safety compared with other antihypertensive medications. Here we report a rare case of Amlodipine induced severe gingival enlargement in a 61year old hypertensive male patient taking a dose of 10 mg per day in two divided doses.
Development and Usability of an Interactive Multimedia Kit as a Teaching Aid among Biology Trainee Teachers
Authors: - Fatimah Azzahra Ahmad Rashid , - Nik Izza Adlina Nik Adnan
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to develop and determine the usability of an interactive multimedia kit known as "Meio-solution". This quantitative developmental research employed the ADDIE model as an instructional design. The kit contained teachers’ notes, videos, quizzes, and educational games that can be used as a teaching aid for meiosis topic. The developed kit has been validated by experts in Biology Education while the usability has been obtained from trainee teachers of Bachelor of Education (Biology). A total of 80 respondents were involved using the simple random sampling technique. Two research instruments were used, namely the expert validation form and usability questionnaire adapted from a previous study. The data were analysed descriptively using SPSS software. The findings showed that the Content Validity Index by experts scored 1.0. The perception of the Meio-solution design scored a mean value of 3.84 (SD = 0.27), while the usability scored a mean value of 3.80 (SD = 0.29). In conclusion, this research has successfully developed a validated Meio-solution kit to be used as a teaching aid. The Meio-solution kit has the potential to help teachers improve students’ understanding and visualisation of learning meiosis.
Invisibility of the Discourse of Backwardness in Pre-Independent India
Authors: - Dr. Sanjeev Kumar
Published: January 2024

The question of backwardness in India has been a contested and unfinished discourse. The censuses of 1911, 1921, and 1931 shed light on the stark disparities between the Shudra population and their representation in positions of power. The Miller Commission, appointed in 1918, played a significant role in defining backwardness and proposing measures for representation. However, the overarching discourse on representation and backwardness remained confined to Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), and the other backward castes (OBCs) were left unresolved and put under the administrative jurisdiction of respective state governments. In this backdrop, this paper explores the discourse surrounding the issue of backwardness in pre-independent India, focusing on representation and reservation in government jobs and educational institutions. This paper embarks on outlining an overview of the reservation policy in pre-independent India. It draws upon the findings of the ICSSR sponsored national research project titled “Status of Reservation Policy: A Study of Higher Educational Institutions in Bihar” (F. No. 02/151/2016-17/RP).
Binya’s Blue Umbrella: a Symbol of Human Relationships
Authors: - Nida Parveen
Published: January 2024

In the quaint setting of a small village, "The Blue Umbrella" unfolds the tale of Binya, whose unassuming life undergoes a profound transformation upon acquiring a coveted blue umbrella, triggering a wave of envy and avarice among her fellow villagers. This study meticulously examines the symbolic layers embedded within the blue umbrella, elucidating its thematic role in depicting generosity and kindness.

A scrutiny of the novel reveals a rich tapestry of emotions, ranging from materialistic desires and jealousy to acts of kindness. Binya's socio-economic struggles and her possession of a leopard claw necklace lay the groundwork for the symbolic significance bestowed upon her newfound possession, the blue umbrella.

The pivotal exchange between Binya and an English lady serves as a poignant showcase of generosity, marked by the reciprocal exchange of cherished possessions. This sets the stage for the interplay between the blue umbrella and benevolence. The narrative unfolds to reveal the transformative power of the umbrella, as witnessed through the interactions with the shopkeeper, Ram Bharosa. These encounters lay bare the repercussions of greed while hinting at the potential for redemption.

The evolving relationship between Binya and her cherished blue umbrella serves as a compelling canvas for exploring the intricate dynamics of society. The villagers' initial reactions, steeped in envy, gradually shift towards empathy, underscoring the overarching themes of generosity and kindness intricately woven into the fabric of this captivating narrative.
A Critical Study of the Myths, Classical References and Allusions in the T. S. Eliot's' the Waste Land
Authors: - Dr. Umaji Ananda Patil
Published: January 2024

Abstract:-
The present paper sought to analyze myths, allusions and classical references used by T. S. Eliot in his magnus opus poem ‘The Waste Land’. A poem contains symbolic representation of myths, classical references and allusions. The study concentrates on the poet’s attitude towards the contemporary society. He justifies his uneasiness by giving the passing references from classical literatures. A study pinpoints the cultural and social decadences depicted by the poet by presenting the major classical personas and the symbolic events from the great classics. A poem depicts the spiritual deadness and barreness on the glorious land of England. To express his views on the spiritual deadness of the land; he gives classical references and allusions to depict the contemporary situation of the land. Every reference stand symbolic. It presents the loss of spiritual aspects of the glorious land. He uses farfetched classical references and biblical allusions to depict the contemporary perturbance. It is critical commentary on the chaotic situation of the contemporary society. The classical references and allusions used here are very apt and convincing. Eliot has brought it poignantly. The present study is confined with only critical study of allusions, references and symbolic perspectives used by Eliot in his poem, ‘The Waste Land’.
Representation of Malay People in Film - A Study on Film by P. Ramlee, Bujang Lapok
Authors: - Ahmad Faisal Mohamed Fiah
Published: January 2024

In studying history, film can be the “best” source as it is/was produced in an era. The world that the standard or mainstream film constructs is so familiar that we rarely think about how it is put together. That, of course, is the point. Films want to make us think they are reality. Yet the reality we see on the screen is neither inevitable nor somehow natural to the camera, but a vision creatively constructed out of bits and pieces of images taken from the surface of a world. Therefore, this paper discussed on the portrayals of Malay people in film. Film by P. Ramlee, a renowned film director and actor, Bujang Lapok was chosen in this study. Film is still not really accepted by Malaysian as a source of history but given a status of P. Ramlee as greatest artiste ever born in this country, it is worthwhile to do research on P. Ramlee’s films and its relation to social history of Malaysia especially Malay people.
Cross Disability Management and Teaching: Role and Responsibilities of Rehab Professionals
Authors: - SEEMA YADAV , - DANVEER GAUTAM
Published: January 2024

Rehabilitation professionals play a crucial role in cross-disability management and teaching, addressing the diverse needs of individuals with disabilities to enhance their overall well-being and integration into society. Beyond traditional medical care, these experts act as coordinators, developing comprehensive care plans in collaboration with interdisciplinary teams. They assess functional limitations, design personalized interventions, and coordinate various services, from physical therapy to vocational training. Employing a person-centered approach, rehabilitation professionals empower clients to cultivate self-determination and resilience, fostering autonomy despite the challenges posed by disabilities. In the educational domain, these professionals serve as advocates and educators, employing adapted teaching methods to impart skills essential for navigating a world not always designed with their needs in mind. They contribute to the development of cognitive, social, and vocational skills tailored to the challenges of diverse disabilities. Collaborating with educational institutions, they champion inclusive practices to ensure equal access to learning opportunities for individuals with disabilities. Moreover, rehabilitation professionals engage in community outreach, challenging stigmas and promoting inclusivity to raise awareness and foster societal understanding of diverse disabilities. Their efforts contribute to the creation of environments that embrace diversity and accommodate the needs of all individuals, irrespective of abilities.
Learning Organization: The Cornerstone of Organizational Development in Non Profit Management
Authors: - Binson P Augustine , - M.K Joseph
Published: January 2024

The developmental organizations are trying to develop and incorporate the learning organization’s culture in their strategic plans as profit organizations do. Today learning culture is integral to many NGOs in Europe and America. Though the concept of a learning organization is familiar in the business world, its scope is not yet identified in the Indian nonprofit sector. This quantitative study using survey research design attempts to know the level of understanding of learning organizational practices in nonprofit organizations, various dimensions of a learning organization, and how it is conceptualized by NGO leaders and other professionals. The study was conducted in sixteen rehabilitation NGOs, with 150 respondents including NGO managers and Professionals. The survey used a five-point Learning Organization scale based on Peter Senge’s (1990) Learning Organizations Theory. The survey found a significant difference between the level of understanding of the Learning Organization concept among NGO leaders and professionals in most of the NGOs. The findings suggest that there is an urge among NGO management to practice learning in their respective NGOs by giving prime focus to learning organizational dimensions. It is quite essential to promote individual learning but the organization needs to learn how to learn together to ensure sustainability, professional enhancement, and development.
Effects of Fertilization on Soybean Productivity
Authors: - Tazeen Fatima Khan , - Ishrat Jahan Sanchary , - Titu Najmur Rahman
Published: January 2024

Soybean is one of the potential oilseed crops in Bangladesh. The soybean production in our country is lower than other countries because of poor nutrient management. The yield of soybean can be increased by adopting proper fertilization plan. An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of phosphorus and potassium on soybean production (cv. Binasoybean-2). The experiment was consisted of five levels of phosphorus and potassium viz. 0, 20, 40, 80 and 100 kg/ ha as basal application. A randomized complete block design was followed with four replications. We observed maximum seed yield, tallest plant, highest chlorophyll content and highest weight of shoot and root biomasses in 80 kg/ ha of phosphorus and potassium. Both 40 kg/ha and 80 kg/ ha of phosphorus and potassium treatments significantly increased organic carbon and available forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in soil compared to the controls. However, fertilizer levels above 100 kg/ ha resulted in poor quality of seeds leading to a reduction in yield. The results suggest that phosphorus and potassium fertilization was beneficial in soybean production for enhancing both quality and quantity.
छठी शताब्दी ईसा पूर्व में ऋणादान
Authors: - Anil Kumar Srivastava
Published: January 2024

भारत में ऋण के लेन-देन की प्रथा कब प्रारम्भ हुई, इस सम्बन्ध में निश्चित रूप से कुछ भी कहना कठिन है परन्तु हड़प्पा काल में इसके प्रचलित होने की प्रबल सम्भावना प्रतीत होती है। हड़प्पा सभ्यता सहित कांस्ययुगीन विश्व की किसी भी सभ्यता में सिक्कों का प्रचलन नहीं था। अतः व्यापारियों, कृषकों, शिल्पियों आदि को विभिन्न प्रयोजनों के लिये वस्तुओं का विनिमय एवं ब्याज पर लेन-देन करना पड़ता होगा। प्राचीन भारत में अपनी अनिवार्य आवश्यकताओं से पीड़ित व्यक्तियों को विवश होकर सम्पन्न लोगों से आर्थिक सहायता लेनी पड़ती थी। प्रारम्भ में यह सहायता लाभ निरपेक्ष थी परन्तु क्रमशः धन संग्रह की प्रवृत्ति में विस्तार के परिणामस्वरूप धनवान लोग मूलधन पर लाभ की कामना करने लगे। यह लाभ की अवधारणा ही ऋणदाताओं के लिये प्रमुख प्रेरक शक्ति सिद्ध हुई जिसके परिणामस्वरूप सम्पन्न किसान, शिल्पी, व्यापारी एवं श्रेष्ठि अपनी अतिरिक्त पंूजी का सदुपयोग ब्याज पर ऋण देकर करने लगे। प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र का प्रमुख उद्देश्य छठी शताब्दी ईसा पूर्व में ब्याज पर ऋण के लेन-देन का अध्ययन करना है।
Navigating the Skies: an Overview of Aviation Law in India
Authors: - Poonam Dwivedi
Published: January 2024

Its related to Space law in Aviation sector of India
Is E-learning a Learning? University International Students' Views
Authors: - CLEMENT JOHN
Published: January 2024

Recently the use of internet in learning growing fast worldwide. Majority of scholars have different views about it’s implications in learning. The aim of study focuses on it’s benefits and challenges hindering e-learning through University international students’ views. The study used case study research design and qualitative approach. The data collected only through unstructured interview. 33 International students studying at Galgotias were interviewed for this research work. The study findings showed the benefits of e-learning to University International students; provide wide range of learning materials, virtual learning environment, students’ engagement and improve collaboration. While challenges hindering University students in utilization of e-learning including; healthy problem, unfair means in exams and plagiarism, impracticability of knowledge and optional learning method. Furthermore the study concluded that precautions need to be taken such as the curriculum must reflect e-learning methods, training students is very importance, find new software application to translate video in all languages, real practical studies must be done, and e-learning should be given according to physical and socio-economic learning environment of particular country.
दिव्यांग महिलाओं का सशक्तिकरण: चुनौतियाँ, रणनीतियाँ और प्रभाव
Authors: - Avinash Vitthalrao Aneraye , - Sunil Kumar Shirpurkar , - Dr. Himangshu Das , - MS.Ratna Kumari , - MS.Kamini Guptya
Published: January 2024

यह अध्ययन दिव्यांग महिलाओं के सशक्तिकरण के प्रति एक विशेष दृष्टिकोण को उभारने का प्रयास है, जहां हमने उनके सामने आने वाली चुनौतियों, उनके लिए विकासित की गई रणनीतियों और इस प्रक्रिया के प्रभावों की गहराई में जानकारी प्रदान करने का प्रयास किया है। अनुसंधान का मुख्य उद्देश्य इस विशेष समूह के लिए सुधारक नीतियों और क्रियाकलापों को अनुशंसित करना है, जिससे इस समूह को समाज में समाहित बनाए रखने एवं मुख्यधारा से जोड़ने के लिए सहारा मिल सके। चिकित्सा, शिक्षा और रोजगार क्षेत्र में उनकी स्वतंत्रता को बढ़ावा देने के लिए विभिन्न कदमों और योजनाओं का आधार रखा गया है, ताकि वे सक्षम और स्वावलंबी बन सकें। इस अध्ययन से हम उन अधिकृत समर्थ, और सामाजिक रूप से समाहित दिव्यांग महिलाओं के लिए उपयुक्त समाधानों की दिशा में महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।
जवाहर लाल नेहरु: समाजवाद और राष्ट्रवाद (संयुक्त प्रान्त के सन्दर्भ में)
Authors: - डॉ. अपर्णा
Published: January 2024

‘‘एक समाज तभी समाज कहलाता है जब उसमें रहने वाले प्रत्येक पुरूष और स्त्री न्यायिक समानता के साथ समान रूप से अवसरो का उपभोग कर रहे है।‘‘1 इस तरह की समाजवादी विचारधारा से ओत-प्रोत जवाहर लाल नेहरू का व्यक्तित्व था। उनका ये समाजवादी व्यक्तित्व 1920-21 के समय असहयोग आन्दोलन के दौरान ही दिखाई पड़ना आरंभ हो जाता है और इसकी चरम परिणति 1930-40 के दशक में कृषक-समस्याओं के सन्दर्भ में विशेष रूप से दिखती है। 1920 से ही जवाहर लाल नेहरू कृषकों की समस्याओं से न केवल स्वयं आबद्ध होने लगे बल्कि पूरे भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस का ध्यान भी इस और आकृष्ट करने में सफल रहे है। लेकिन 1940 के आते-आते अपने कुछ कृत्यों से वे अपने ही समाजवादी छवि से विमुख होते प्रतीत हुये। उनका ये व्यक्तित्व परस्पर विरोधी क्यो रहा, अपने इस शोध-पत्र में मैने इसी का मूल्यांकन करने का प्रयास किया है। संयुक्त प्रान्त के सन्दर्भ में इसका परीक्षण करना और भी रूचिकर है क्योंकि यहाँ से जवाहर लाल नेहरू असीम रूप से जुड़े हुये थे।
An Evaluation of Intellectual Property Rights Protection in Outer Space Activities
Authors: - Sajal Sharma
Published: January 2024

Plans for settlement on the moon and Mars, as well as satellite launches and space missions, are examples
of the fast growing field of outer space operations. Establishing precise intellectual property rights
frameworks has become essential as both public and commercial entities increase their investments in
space technologies. Regarding jurisdictional authority, legislative authority, and the enforceability of
intellectual property rights for technologies developed in space or utilized in extraterrestrial conditions,
there are uncertainties. In the context of space operations, this article conducts a critical study of present
international laws, treaties, and policy discussions on intellectual property protection. It investigates trade
secrets, copyrights, trademarks, patents, and industrial designs related to space technology, operations
carried out in celestial bodies, and spacecraft launched from Earth. Analyzed are the gaps and restrictions
provided by current legislation, particularly Article VIII of the Outer Space Treaty, which prohibits the
appropriation of space. It is also assessed how well-suited the existing organizations are to manage this
field, including the United Nations Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and international space
law conventions. A review of recent US laws pertaining to "space resources" and case law is presented to
emphasize the necessity of an international regulatory framework for intellectual property rights in space
innovation, exploration, and business. A sui generis framework is necessary because of the worldwide
cooperation needed in space stations and habitats and the lack of prior experience implementing territorial
intellectual property rights in extraterrestrial environments. The key components of such a customized
regime that are discussed in this article are the necessity for disclosure requirements for space innovations,
subject matter jurisdiction, international agreements on ownership doctrines, and technological use,
particularly the establishment of priority claims over space resources
Digital Transformation and Cloud Computing: System Dynamics Modeling Approach
Authors: - Dr. Shailja Tripathi
Published: January 2024

Digital transformation allows organizations to use new technologies to rebuild and redefine relationships with customers, employees and partners. Organization are creating high-performance virtual machines on the cloud platform to accelerate the digital transformation of organizations. Organizations are solving data analytics problems by moving to modern data storage on Google Cloud. This study aims to explore the determinants of cloud-based digital transformation in organizations using a System Dynamics Model. Positive factors for cloud-based digital transformation are unparalleled accessibility, cost efficiency, high scalability, automation possibilities, enhanced security and flexibility. Cloud-based digital transformation is also affected by negative factors such as data security and service quality, performance and cost, and integration of existing systems with the cloud and requires strict control. This study develops a framework for successful cloud-based digital transformation in organizations. This research contributes to the understanding of the decision-making process of cloud-based digital transformation in organizations.
Paleomagnetic and Rock Magnetic Study of the Gulerghat Area Amravati, Maharashtra
Authors: - Dr. Pravin S. Ingle
Published: January 2024

Magnetic Polarity and Stratigraphicstudies of the Narnala section from Akot and Amravatidistricts area(Lat. 21000'-21015'N; Long. 770–77015'E) are carried out. Total thousandsof oriented samples from fresh basalts were collected at close intervals. Detailed palaeomagnetic investigation where carried on 250 samples collected from 20 lava flows belonging to 17 selected traverses were subjected to progressive thermal demagnetizer at 15 different steps of temperatures from 50˚C to 600˚C. Traverse attaining a total thickness of 800m in the study area. Some rocks may fail to retain the magnetic record due to the modification subsequence to their formations by a number of natural phenomena like geotectonic disturbance, metamorphism and alteration, which can produce various degrees of secondary magnetisation in the rock. The secondary magnetisation acquired by the rock is unstable as compared to naturally remain magnetism which can be removed by cleaning techniques like stepwise Alternating field demagnetisation (AFD) and Thermal demagnetisation (TD). The palaeomagnetic results indicate that the most of the flows showed irregular natural remnant directions while a few specimen even from other flows for which a meaningful NRM could be deciphered also showed inconsistent directions. Only 35% of the samples showing irregular directions initially improved on alternating field and stepwise thermal demagnetization. High degree of alteration of the flows appears to have affected the stability of the palaeomagnetic directions. The mean palaeomagnetic directions indicate the presence of lower transitional directions at the bottom part of the sequence and upper reversed polarity in remaining part of the sequence with a few samples showing scattered behavior. The polarity transition has take place in the study area. Ancient latitude calculated for the study area is 30o S and that of Nagpur is 31o S indicating that India has drifted by 51o due N which is more than 5000 Kms. since the formation of this lavas.
Thermal Analysis of Pins and Plate Fin Profiles by using Ansys
Authors: - A Upendra , - CH.Kiran Kumar , - G.Sunil
Published: January 2024

The engine compartment is one of the essential components of the engine exposed to excessive temperature differences and thermal stress. Fins are positioned on the surface of the cylinder to improve heat exchange by convection. The present study concerns the study of heat exchange between plate fins and pin fins. Pin fins assembled in two shapes (circular, rectangular) with tubular section to allow better improvement of the heat exchange rate. We have optimized the heat exchange rate and optimized all perspectives to achieve a higher heat exchange rate. In the present work, experiments were conducted to determine the temperature fluctuations inside the fins fabricated in three types of geometries (plate fins, circular pin fins, and rectangular pin fins) and study the coherent-state heat transfer was used using ANSYS finite element software to test and approve the results. Temperature fluctuations in different areas of the pin fins are evaluated using FEM, and the plate fin results are compared with the experimentally determined pin fin results in Ansys. The principle implemented in this design is to increase the heat dissipation rate by using wind flow. The main objective of the study is to improve the thermal properties by modifying the geometry, material and design of the fins
Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart: A Case study of Relation the between Nationalism and Literature
Authors: - Siju Mathew , - Ranjana Das Sarkhel
Published: January 2024

The paper tries to analyse Chinua Achebe's writing skills which he uses to evoke nationalism and open the eyes of the people of his land whom the coming of the foreigners has maligned. It is a journey to the past, a reinterpretation to know the true self. The unknown world is created through the magic spell of literature. Chinua Achebe took upon himself the task to fight against the misinterpretation of the Europeans about Africa through his writings.
Occupational Health Hazards of Pesticides Use among Commercial Vegetable Farmers of Kirtipur Municipality, Kathmandu
Authors: - Saguna Thapa , - Ashok Kumar Paudel , - Alisha Basnet , - Bindu Kumari Rokaya , - Samiran Kafle
Published: January 2024

Background: Occupational health and safety are the integral components of the general concepts of health. In Nepalese context, misuse of pesticides have been observed and practiced in several ways. Nepalese farmers use too much pesticide than needed with too little protection when using pesticides due to which many accidental poisonings occur annually. This study aims to assess the occupational health hazards related to pesticide use among commercial vegetable farmers of Kirtipur municipality, Kathmandu.
Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 randomly selected commercial vegetable farmers in Kirtipur Municipality of Kathmandu by using semi-structured questionnaire. Data were collected using face to face interview method. The questionnaire included socio-demographic characters, pesticide use practices, storage and disposal techniques and health effects among the farmers. Data were entered in Epidata and then analyzed in SPSS version 21. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated to measure the practice of pesticide use and occupational health hazards related to pesticide use among farmers.
Result: The study is comprised of 52% male and 48% female. About 89% of farmers were wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during spraying of pesticides. Maximum numbers of farmers change clothes and take a bath right after the application of pesticide i.e. 87% and 88% respectively. Almost half of the vegetable farmers (45.1%) use burn method for disposal of empty pesticide containers. However, 45.6% of the respondents experience health problems within 48 hours of pesticide application.
Conclusion: The study concluded that almost half of the pesticide users have shown various symptoms of health hazards. Unsafe equipment and condition, inadequate training, limited availability and use of PPE all contribute to the health hazards of pesticide users.
Digital Financial Inclusion in Karnataka: Evaluating the Adoption of Electronic Payments in Social Welfare Schemes
Authors: - Dr. Parameshwari G , - Lokesha K
Published: January 2024

This research paper examines the transformative impact of digital financial inclusion through the adoption of electronic payments within the social welfare schemes of Karnataka, India. Against the backdrop of a rapidly evolving digital landscape, the study aims to evaluate the implications of this technological shift on financial accessibility, transparency, and overall welfare outcomes. Through a combination of qualitative insights, the research seeks to uncover patterns, challenges, and opportunities associated with the integration of electronic payments, contributing valuable perspectives to the discourse on digital financial inclusion in the context of social welfare.
The Preamble’s Pivotal Role in Safeguarding Freedom of Speech and Expression in India
Authors: - Dr. Ashok Kumar Karnani
Published: January 2024

This research article delves into the intrinsic connection between the Preamble of the Constitution of India and the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression. The Preamble, often regarded as the soul of the Constitution, lays down the guiding principles that form the bedrock of the Indian legal system. One of these foundational principles is the assurance of freedom of speech and expression, a cornerstone of democracy. This article explores the historical context, judicial interpretations, and contemporary relevance of the Preamble in ensuring and protecting the cherished right to freedom of speech and expression in India and comparison with UK and US in Brief.
ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಕೊಂಕಣಿ ಭಾಷಾ ನಾಟಕಕಾರ ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ದೆಕೊಸ್ತಾರವರು ಬರೆದ ಕೊಂಕಣಿ ನಾಟಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಸ್ತ್ರೀಪಾತ್ರಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಒಂದು ಅವಲೋಕನ
Authors: - Wilma Fernandes
Published: January 2024

ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಿ ನಾಟಕಕಾರ ಎಂದೇ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧರಾಗಿರುವ ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ದೆಕೊಸ್ತಾರವರು ಕೊಂಕಣಿ ಭಾಷೆಯ ಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಾಹಿತಿ. ಅವರ ಪೂರ್ಣ ಹೆಸರು ಚಾರ್ಲ್ಸ್ ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ದೆಕೊಸ್ತಾ. ಅವರನ್ನು ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಸಣ್ಣ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನಿಂದಲೇ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯದ ಮೇಲೆ ಅಭಿರುಚಿ ಇರುವ ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ೧೯೫೨ ರಲ್ಲಿ ಮೊದಲ ಕವಿತೆ ಬರೆದು ಪ್ರಕಟಿಸಿದರು. ಅವರು ಕವಿ, ಲೇಖಕ ಹಾಗೂ ನಾಟಕಕಾರರಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಮಾತ್ರವಲ್ಲದೆ ಉತ್ತಮ ನಟ, ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾಗಿಯೂ ಕಾರ್ಯ ನಿರ್ವಹಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ರವರು ಕೊಂಕಣಿ ರಂಗಮಂಚಕ್ಕೆ ಹೊಸ ರೂಪ ನೀಡಿದರು. ಅವರು ರಚಿಸಿದ ನಾಟಕಗಳು ವಿಭಿನ್ನವಾಗಿದ್ದು ಸಮಾಜದ ಆಗಹೋಗುಗಳ ಪ್ರತಿಬಿಂಬ ಕಂಡ ಅನುಭವ ಪ್ರೇಕ್ಷಕರ ಮನಸ್ಸನಲ್ಲಿ ಮೂಡುತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಅವರ ನಾಟಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿನ ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆ ತುಂಬಾ ತೀಕ್ಷ್ಣವಾಗಿರುತ್ತಿದ್ದವು. ಯಾವ ಸಂಕೋಚವೂ ಇಲ್ಲದೆ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಚಿತ್ರಣಗಳನ್ನು ಚಿತ್ರಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದರು. ಜನರ ವರ್ತನೆ, ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆ, ದೈನಂದಿನ ಜೀವನ ಇವೆಲ್ಲವನ್ನು ಪ್ರೇಕ್ಷಕರ ಕಣ್ಣ ಮುಂದೆ ಇಟ್ಟಂತೆ ಭಾಸವಾಗುತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ರು ನಾಟಕ ಬರೆಯುವ ಮೊದಲು ಕೊಂಕಣಿ ನಾಟಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹಲವಾರು ದೃಶ್ಯಗಳಿರುತ್ತಿದ್ದವು. ನಡುನಡುವೆ ಹಾಸ್ಯಗಾರರು ಬಂದು ಹಾಸ್ಯ ಮಾಡಿ ಜನರನ್ನು ನಗಿಸುವ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದರು. ಆದರೆ ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ರ ನಾಟಕಗಳು ರಚನೆಯಾದ ನಂತರ ಕೊಂಕಣೀ ನಾಟಕಗಳ ರೂಪುರೇಖೆಯೇ ಬದಲಾಯಿತು. ಮಿತಿಯಾದ ಪಾತ್ರಗಳು ಹಾಗೂ ದೃಶ್ಯಗಳು ಇರುತ್ತಿದ್ದವು. ಇಡೀ ನಾಟಕವು ಒಂದೇ ವಿಷಯವನ್ನು ತನ್ನ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಕೋನವಾಗಿಸತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ನೋಡುವುದಾದರೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಕಥೆ, ಕಾದಂಬರಿ ಹಾಗೂ ನಾಟಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮಹಿಳೆಯನ್ನು ತುಂಬಾ ಮುಗ್ಧೆಯಾಗಿ, ಅಸಹಾಯಕಿಯಾಗಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಮೃದು ಸ್ವಭಾವದಾಕೆಯಾಗಿ ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಆಕೆ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯನ್ನು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಿ, ತ್ಯಾಗಿಯಾಗಿ ಮನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇರುವ ಪ್ರತಯೊಂದು ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳನ್ನು ಬಗೆಹರಿಸಿ ಇಡೀ ಕುಟುಂಬವನ್ನು ಏಕತೆಯ ದಾರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕರೆದೊಯ್ಯುತ್ತಾಳೆ. ಆದರೆ ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ರ ನಾಟಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮಹಿಳೆಯರ ವಿಭಿನ್ನ ಪಾತ್ರಗಳನ್ನು ನಾವು ಕಾಣಬಹುದು. ಈ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದಲ್ಲಿ ನಾನು, ಚಾ. ಫ್ರಾ. ದೆಕೊಸ್ತಾರವರು ಬರೆದ ಕೆಲವು ನಾಟಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಸ್ತ್ರೀಪಾತ್ರಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅವಲೋಕನ ನಡೆಸಲು ಇಚ್ಛಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ.
A Drug Utilization Evaluation of Bronchodilators Using a Defined Daily Dose Method
Authors: - Afreen Nasir , - Kaustav Ghosh , - Prabhu Das
Published: January 2024

Drug therapy is crucial to promoting human health by increasing quality of life and extending lifespan. A method to assess and improve drug use is by conducting Drug Utilization Study. Drug utilization, in terms of DDD, aids in converting the available volume of medications into medically relevant units, allowing estimations of the number of people exposed to a certain medicine or class of medicines. A prospective observation study was carried out to assess the consumption of bronchodilators among in-patients. Theophylline was the most utilized bronchodilator with 469.54 DDD/100bed-days. Total consumption of bronchodilators 872.91 DDD/100bed-days. Methylxanthines like Theophylline and Etofylline tablets were over-utilized with PDD:DDD ratio of 4.35 and 3.26 respectively.
Factors Affecting Speech Intelligibility - A Developmental Study
Authors: - Abirami. S , - S. Powlin Arockia Catherine
Published: January 2024

There is a dearth of research on speech intelligibility in typically developing Tamil speaking children and no published study was reported on the relation between factors such as phonetic accuracy, rate of speech, average amplitude, and frequency range in Tamil speaking children. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of speech intelligibility in typically developing Tamil speaking children in the age range of 2 to 6.11 years. A total of 150 typically developing native tamil speaking children between the age range of 2 and 6.11 years were further divided into 5 groups, with each group consisting of 30 children. Nine sentences in Tamil with increasing complexity was developed to study the developmental trend of speech intelligibility. Each child was seated comfortably and pictures of sentences were randomly presented one after the other as the investigator say the sentence describing the picture. The child was instructed to repeat the sentences after the investigator. Acoustic analysis was done using CSL Model 4500 and frequency range , intensity and rate of speech were calculated.
Perceptual analysis was done using the transcription sheets, by a speech language pathologist. Subsequently, percentage of phoneme correct for words and sentences were calculated, separately. Independent ‘t’ test, pearson’s rank correlation, spearman’s rank correlation and regression analysis were conducted to find the predictor variables of speech intelligibility. Results revealed, percentage of phoneme correct increased with age and there were no significant gender differences for words and sentences. It was also found that PPC of sentences, intensity average and ROS has a strong positive correlation. As PPC values increases (with age), intensity and rate of speech also increases. Frequency range has no correlation with any of the variables like intensity, PPC and ROS.
SƏNAYE ISTEHSALININ PROQNOZLAŞDIRILMASINDA YENI YANAŞMALAR
Authors: Asif  Həsənov, Yunis Məmmədov Asif  Həsənov, Yunis Məmmədov
Published: January 2024

Məqalə sənaye istehsalının proqnozlaşdırılmasında innovativ metodologiyaları təqdim edir, ənənəvi modellərdəki problemləri həll edir. Proqnozlaşdırma dəqiqliyini artırmaq üçün qabaqcıl statistik üsulların və maşın öyrənməsi alqoritmlərinin inteqrasiyasını araşdırırıq. Bizim yanaşmamız daha dinamik və həssas proqnozlaşdırma modelini təmin etmək məqsədi ilə vaxt seriyası analizini, iqtisadi göstəriciləri və real vaxt rejimində məlumatların işlənməsini unikal şəkildə birləşdirir.
Məqalədə həm qısamüddətli, həm də uzunmüddətli proqnozlarda əhəmiyyətli irəliləyişlər nümayiş etdirən standart planlaşdırma metodları ilə modelimizin müqayisəli tədqiqi təqdim olunur. Biz həmçinin sənaye sektorlarında strateji planlaşdırma və əməliyyat səmərəliliyi üçün bu irəliləyişlərin təsirlərini araşdırırıq. Nəticələr göstərir ki, maşın öyrənməsi və real vaxt məlumatlarının birləşdirilməsi sənayenin maraqlı tərəfləri üçün dəyərli fikirlər təqdim edərək proqnozun etibarlılığını əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə artırır.
Açar sözlər: Sənaye İstehsalının Proqnozlaşdırılması, Maşın Öyrənməsi, Zaman Seriyalarının Təhlili, İqtisadi Göstəricilər, Real Zamanlı Məlumatların Emalı, Proqnoz Dəqiqliyi, Strateji Planlaşdırma.
OPTIMAL JOINT USE OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
Authors: Javida Damirova, Yaman Asadova Javida Damirova, Yaman Asadova , Hajiagha Azizov Hajiagha Azizov
Published: January 2024

The main structural features and operating principles of alternative energy sources are analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of each of them are determined, as well as their role in the global energy system. It is shown that the efficient use of solar and wind energy, as well as biological and geothermal energy resources, will meet the electricity needs of developing industries and growing populations around the world, save fuels such as hydrocarbons and coal extracted from mineral deposits and to protect the environment, to reduce the pollution of it. It is noted that the basis for the effective operation of alternative energy sources is the correct economic justification of their use, determination of optimal operating modes and options for connecting these energy sources when used together with traditional energy sources and shows the need to develop an optimal selection algorithm to improve transition processes by reducing commutation, considering possible priorities in the grid.
Keywords: solar, wind, thermal, bioenergy, joint use
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR MEASURING THE LEVEL OF LIQUIDS IN RESERVOIRS
Authors: Tural Hasanli, Akif Khıdırov Tural Hasanli, Akif Khıdırov
Published: January 2024

Oil level measurement in reservoirs is an important process in the oil industry and energy sectors. This process plays an important role for regulation and control in oil storage and transportation processes, floating oil platforms, terminal and storage systems, gas and oil pipelines, or oil refining and technical applications. This article has discussed in detail the current issues and developments in the research and application of technology level measurements. First, the importance of technology level measurements and the main objectives in this field are clearly explained.
The article included the analysis of the comparison technologies and the most positive and independent opinions were highlighted as a result of this comparison. The strengths and potential limitations of each technology are assessed, and readers are presented with a broad perspective for further stages of technology implementation. The article provides readers with the latest information in the field of technology level measurements, based on extensive and independent research, objective comparisons and forecasts of further technology development.
This article provides readers with a detailed overview, starting with classifying the various level measurement methods and sensors and highlighting the independent aspects of each method and sensor. Our article reflects the experience of level measurement by capacitance-based, electrical, electromechanical, optical, and electromagnetic wave methods. The interrelationship of these theoretical positions and empirical data provides a basis for readers to better understand the topic and apply independent sensor options to other fields.
Keywords: Measuring technologies, capacitance-based level measurement, laser method, ultrasonic method, Electrode-based level measurement, level sensors