bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finansal Performans ve Hisse Senedi Getirisi İlişkisi: BİST Bankacılık Endeksi Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÇALIŞ Nevzat , SAKARYA Şakir
Published: April 2020

İşletmelerin
hisse senedi getirileri ve finansal performansları arasındaki ilişki yazında
çokça yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, BİST Bankacılık Endeksi’nde faaliyet
gösteren bankaların hisse senedi getirileri ile finansal performans arasındaki
ilişki incelenmektedir. Çalışmada, çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden
PROMETHEE yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. Araştırmada 2017 yılı itibariyle işlem
görmekte olan 12 bankanın 2015 – 2017 yılları arasındaki verilerinden
yararlanılarak analiz yapılmıştır. Finansal performansı ölçmek için kullanılan,
yazında genel olarak kabul edilen 15 finansal oran hesaplanarak incelemeye tabi
alınmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre finansal performans açısından en başarılı
bankanın Akbank, ikinci olarak ise Garanti bankasının başarılı bir grafik
çizdiği görülmüştür. Diğer bankaların finansal performans açısından istikrarlı
olmadığı yıllara göre dalgalı bir grafik çizdiği ve hisse senedi getirisi ile finansal performans arasında
da yıllar itibariyle anlamlı bir ilişkinin olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Turizm İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi İşlevi Olarak İnsan Kaynakları Planlaması ve Sorunlar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Pelit Elbeyi , Çetin Ahmet
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde istihdam yaratıcı sektörlerin
başında gelen hizmetler sektörü içinde turizm işletmeleri en önemli yeri
oluşturmaktadır. Dünyanın her alanda yaşadığı makineleşme ve dijitalleşme
üretimde emek faktörünün nicel olarak azalmasına sebep olmuştur. Ancak turizm
işletmeleri belirli ölçüde bu otomasyondan etkilenmiş olsada, hala insan
faktörünün hizmet üretiminde en önemli unsur olduğu işletmelerdir. Müşteri
memnuniyeti ve sadakatinin çalışan performansıyla doğrudan ilişki içinde olduğu
turizm işletmelerinde insan kaynağı planlaması bu işletmelerin verimliliği için
hayati önem taşımaktadır. İnsan kaynakları yönetiminin temelini oluşturan insan
kaynakları planlaması, bütün bir insan kaynakları yönetim sürecinin
başlangıcını da oluşturmaktadır. Bu yüzden planlamanın hatasız yapılması bütün
bir sürecin sağlıklı işlemesini de sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışma turizm
işletmelerinde insan kaynakları planlaması, insan kaynakları birimlerinin rolü
ve planlamada ortaya çıkan hatalar ve bu hatalara çözüm önerileri getrimek
amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, ulaşılan kaynaklar doküman incelemesi
yöntemiyle taranmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmacıların sektördeki bireysel deneyim ve
gözlemleri sonucu elde ettikleri sonuçlar literatürden elde edilen veriler ile
birleştirilerek turizm işletmelerinde insan kaynakları planlaması ile ilgili
ortaya çıkan sorunlar belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve bu sorunlara bazı çözüm
önerileri getirilmiştir.
İslami ve Konvansiyonel Hisse Senedi Endekslerinin Oynaklıkları Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Fatih
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye, Malezya, A.B.D. ve
İngiltere İslami ve konvansiyonel hisse senedi endekslerinin oynaklıklarının
tahmin edilmesi ve tahmin edilen oynaklıkların hem ülke hem de İslami hisse
senedi endeksleri bazında karşılaştırılmasıdır. Oynaklıklar, ARCH tipi
modellerden GARCH, EGARCH ve GJR-GARCH modeller kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir.
Karşılaştırma ise kaldıraç etkisinin varlığı, oynaklıktaki kalıcılık etkisi,
oynaklık yarılanma süresi, uzun dönem ve kısa dönem oynaklık ölçütlerine göre
yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, kaldıraç etkisinin varlığının tespit
edilmesine olanak tanıyan EGARCH ve GJR-GARCH modellerin en iyi tahmin modeli
olarak belirlendiği piyasaların tümü için kaldıraç etkisinin varlığı
saptanmıştır. Türkiye İslami hisse senedi endeksinin oynaklığı konvansiyonel
emsalinden daha düşük iken, Malezya’da oynaklıklar birbirine çok yakın, A.B.D.
ve İngiltere’de ise İslami hisse senedi endeksinin oynaklığı konvansiyonel
endeksten daha yüksek tahmin edilmiştir. İslami hisse senedi endeksleri
arasında ise en düşük oynaklığa sahip endeks Malezya’ya aittir. Malezya’nın
ardından sırasıyla İngiltere ve A.B.D. gelirken, Türkiye İslami hisse senedi endeksi
oynaklığın en yüksek olduğu endekstir.
A 3D iPSC-differentiation model identifies interleukin-3 as a regulator of early human hematopoietic specification
Authors: Mania Ackermann  , Kathrin Haake  , Henning Kempf  , Paul Kaschutnig  , Anna-Carina Weiss  , Ariane H.H. Nguyen  , Markus Abeln  , Sylvia Merkert  , Mark Phillip Kühnel  , Dorothee Hartmann  , Danny Jonigk  , Thomas Thum  , Andreas Kispert  , Michael D. Milsom  , Nico Lachmann
Published: April 2020

Hematopoietic development is spatiotemporally tightly regulated by defined cell-intrinsic and extrinsic modifiers. The role of cytokines has been intensively studied in adult hematopoiesis; however, their role in embryonic hematopoietic specification remains largely unexplored. Here, we used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and established a 3-dimensional, organoid-like differentiation system (hemanoid) maintaining the structural cellular integrity to evaluate the effect of cytokines on embryonic hematopoietic development. We show, that defined stages of early human hematopoietic development were recapitulated within the generated hemanoids. We identified KDR+/CD34high/CD144+/CD43-/CD45- hemato-endothelial progenitor cells (HEPs) forming organized, vasculature-like structures and giving rise to CD34low/CD144-/CD43+/CD45+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. We demonstrate that the endothelial to hematopoietic transition of HEPs is dependent on the presence of interleukin 3 (IL-3). Inhibition of IL-3 signalling blocked hematopoietic differentiation and arrested the cells in the HEP stage. Thus, our data suggest an important role for IL-3 in early human hematopoiesis by supporting the endothelial to hematopoietic transition of hemato-endothelial progenitor cells and highlight the potential of a hemanoid-based model to study human hematopoietic development.
Whole Exome Sequencing reveals NOTCH1 mutations in anaplastic large cell lymphoma and points to Notch both as a key pathway and a potential therapeutic target
Authors: Hugo Larose  , Nina Prokoph  , Jamie D. Matthews  , Michaela Schlederer  , Sandra Högler  , Ali F. Alsulami  , Stephen P. Ducray  , Edem Nuglozeh  , Feroze M.S. Fazaludeen  , Ahmed Elmouna  , Monica Ceccon  , Luca Mologni  , Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini  , Gerald Hoefler  , Cosimo Lobello  , Sarka Pospisilova  , Andrea Janikova  , Wilhelm Woessmann  , Christine Damm-Welk  , Martin Zimmermann  , Alina Federova  , Andrea Malone  , Owen Smith  , Mariusz Wasik  , Giorgio Inghirami  , Laurence Lamant  , Tom L. Blundell  , Wolfram Klapper  , Olaf Merkel  , G.A. Amos Burke  , Shahid Mian  , Ibraheem Ashankyty  , Lukas Kenner  , Suzanne D. Turner
Published: April 2020

Patients diagnosed with Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) are still treated with toxic multi-agent chemotherapy and as many as 25-50% of patients relapse. To understand disease pathology and to uncover novel targets for therapy, Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)+ ALCL was performed as well as Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis. This revealed that the T-cell receptor (TCR) and Notch pathways were the most enriched in mutations. In particular, variant T349P of NOTCH1, which confers a growth advantage to cells in which it is expressed, was detected in 12% of ALK+ and ALK- ALCL patient samples. Furthermore, we demonstrate that NPM-ALK promotes NOTCH1 expression through binding of STAT3 upstream of NOTCH1. Moreover, inhibition of NOTCH1 with γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) or silencing by shRNA leads to apoptosis; co-treatment in vitro with the ALK inhibitor Crizotinib led to additive/synergistic anti-tumour activity suggesting this may be an appropriate combination therapy for future use in the circumvention of ALK inhibitor resistance. Indeed, Crizotinib-resistant and sensitive ALCL were equally sensitive to GSIs. In conclusion, we show a variant in the extracellular domain of NOTCH1 that provides a growth advantage to cells and confirm the suitability of the Notch pathway as a second-line druggable target in ALK+ ALCL.
Integrated analyses of translatome and proteome identify the rules of translation selectivity in RPS14-deficient cells
Authors: Ismael Boussaid  , Salomé Le Goff  , Célia Floquet  , Emilie-Fleur Gautier  , Anna Raimbault  , Pierre-Julien Viailly  , Dina Al Dulaimi  , Barbara Burroni  , Isabelle Dusanter-Fourt  , Isabelle Hatin  , Patrick Mayeux  , Bertrand Cosson  , Michaela Fontenay
Published: April 2020

In ribosomopathies, the Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) or 5q- syndrome, ribosomal protein (RP) genes are affected by mutation or deletion, resulting in bone marrow erythroid hypoplasia. Unbalanced production of ribosomal subunits leading to a limited ribosome cellular content, regulates translation at the expense of the master erythroid transcription factor GATA1. In RPS14-deficient cells mimicking 5q- syndrome erythroid defects, we show that the transcript length, codon bias of the coding sequence (CDS) and 3'UTR structure are the key determinants of translation. In these cells, short transcripts with a structured 3'UTR and high CAI showed a decreased translation efficiency. Quantitative analysis of the whole proteome confirmed that the post-transcriptional changes depended on the transcript characteristics that governed the translation efficiency in conditions of low ribosome availability. In addition, proteins involved in normal erythroid differentiation share most determinants of translation selectivity. Our findings thus indicate that impaired erythroid maturation due to 5q- syndrome may proceed from a translational selectivity at the expense of the erythroid differentiation program and suggest that an interplay between the CDS and UTRs may regulate mRNA translation.
Factor VIII activity and bleeding risk during prophylaxis for severe hemophilia A: a population pharmacokinetic model
Authors: Andreas Tiede  , Faraizah Abdul Karim  , Victor Jiménez-Yuste  , Robert Klamroth  , Sandra Lejniece  , Takashi Suzuki  , Andreas Groth  , Elena Santagostino
Published: April 2020

During factor VIII prophylaxis for severe hemophilia A, bleeding risk increases with time when factor VIII activity is below 1%. Maintaining trough activity above 1% does not protect all patients from bleeding. The relationship between factor VIII activity during prophylaxis and bleeding risk has not been thoroughly studied. We investigated factor VIII activity and annualized bleeding rate for spontaneous bleeds during prophylaxis. A population pharmacokinetic model derived from three clinical trials was combined with dosing data and bleed information from patient diaries. Each patients' time on prophylaxis was divided into five categories of predicted activity (0-1%, >1-5%, >5-15%, >15-50%, and >50%). Exposure time, mean factor VIII activity, and bleed number (from patient diaries) were calculated for each activity category, and annualized bleeding rates estimated using negative binomial regression and a parametric model. Relationships between these bleeding rates and factor VIII activity were evaluated by trial phase (pivotal vs. extension) and age (adults/adolescents [≥12 years] vs. children [0-<12 years]). In total (N=187; 815 patient-years' exposure), factor VIII activity was predicted to reach >1% for 85.64% of the time. Annualized bleeding rate decreased as factor VIII activity increased in each trial phase and age group. However, for a given activity level, bleeding rate differed substantially by trial phase, and age. This suggests that bleeding risk can change over time and is influenced by factors independent of factor VIII pharmacokinetics and trough levels. Target trough and prophylactic regimen should consider patient age, joint disease activity, and other bleeding risk determinants.
Administration of garlic and neem in broiler diet for safe meat production
Authors: Islam R , Hossain MM , Nargis F , Hossain ME
Published: April 2020

This study was conducted to observe the effect of different administration method of garlic and neem on growth performances, feed efficiency and serum biochemical parameters for safe broiler production. The experiment was done for a period of 32 days with 384 one-day-old straight run broiler chicks. The broiler chicks were divided into six groups each of 64 birds and replicated to four subgroups each of 16 birds. The dietary groups were; control (basal diet; no additives), antibiotic (basal diet + antibiotic), garlic in feed (basal diet + 0.25% garlic powder), garlic in water (basal diet + garlic extracts), neem in feed (basal diet + 0.25% neem powder) and neem in water (basal diet + neem extracts). Results showed that the body weight and body weight gain increased significantly (P<0.05) in both the garlic and neem groups compared to the control group. Feed intake was not different (P>0.05) among the treatment groups. Garlic in feed and water and neem in feed groups showed better FCR (P<0.05) compared to the other treatment groups. There were no significant (P>0.05) difference in meat yield, bone development and dressing parameters except head and gizzard in different dietary groups. Supplementation of garlic with feed and water significantly (P<0.05) decrease cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL compared to the other groups. However, both the garlic and neem groups showed numerically higher HDL compare to the control group. There were no 0significant (P>0.05) differences in serum glucose and GPT among different treatment groups. GOT was significantly (P<0.05) lower in neem groups than that of garlic and antibiotic groups. Additive groups showed higher profitability than control group. Based on the results of the study, it may be suggested that the garlic and neem could be used both in feed and water as potential feed additives for safe broiler production.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (2): 116-126
Existing feeding practices and production performance of lactating buffaloes in selected agro-climatic zones of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman SMR , Islam MN , Rashid MH , Sarker NR , Siddiki MSR , Bari MS , Islam MA
Published: April 2020

A study was conducted to observe the existing feeding practices, nutritional supply  and  production performance of the lactating buffaloes in some selected agro-climatic zones of Bangladesh, viz. Bhola (AEZ-18, Coastal area), Mymensingh (AEZ-22, River basin area) and Dinajpur (AEZ-27, Drought area). Data on availability, amount and types of feeds and fodders fed to the lactating buffaloes, body weight, milk yield and quality and lactation length were collected from 30 farmers of the each selected locations. In this investigation, the mostly used feed ingredients found were rice straw, locally available green grasses, wheat bran, broken maize, mustard oil cake and broken rice. Total feed supply (DM kg/h/d) to lactating buffaloes were 17.4, 14.5 and 13.0 in coastal, river basin and  drought areas, respectively, (p>0.05). But significantly (p = 0.000) different amount (DM kg/h/d) of concentrate were supplied in coastal (1.5), river basin (1.8) and drought (2.7) areas. The highest amount (kg/h/d) of green grass was supplied in coastal area (5.0) followed by river basin area (4.3) and drought area (1.3). Accordingly, amount (kg/d) of DCP and TDN were supplied was higher in coastal area (0.365 and 6.417, respectively) than that of the river basin and drought areas (0.247-0.248 and 5.501-5.891, respectively), which were below their requirements. Significantly (p=0.000) larger lactating buffaloes were found in the river basin and drought areas (weighed 372–380 kg/h) than that of coastal area (242 kg/h). The average daily milk yield was found significantly highest (p=0.000) in the drought area (5.3 L/d) which was  1.4 L and 3.1L more than that of the river basin and coastal area, respectively. The 4% FCM yield was found two times more (p=0.000) in drought area (7.7 kg/d) than that of the coastal (3.1 kg/d) and river basin (3.6 kg/d) area. On the other hand, the significantly (p=0.000)  highest lactation length and lactation yield were 294 d and 1085 L, in the river basin area, which were 189 d and 1007 L in drought area and 197d and 429 L  in coastal area, respectively. Among the milk constituents, protein, ash and lactose content was found higher in drought area than that of the other two areas (p=0.001). In conclusion, the prevailing variations are evidently considerable. Therefore, suggesting further works for large scale baseline data regarding buffalo populations, nutritive quality of feeds and fodder, effectiveness of existing management tools and adoption of new technologies.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (2): 127-138
Comparative economic analysis of dairy characteristics focused on repeat breeding losses in selected milk pocket areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam MN , Bari MS , Habib MR , Sarkar MM , Islam MA
Published: April 2020

Dairy farming is an important approach for farmers to increase their incomes and which has a significant contribution to the economy of Bangladesh. The present study describes the dairy characteristics and estimates the financial profitability of dairy farming in selected milk pocket districts of Bangladesh. Following study areas- Sirajganj, Bogura, Rangpur, Satkhira and Munshiganj districts were selected based on the fastest growing dairying, abundant number of dairy farms and contribution in national milk production. Two hundred and sixty-five (265) dairy farms were selected across the study areas and data were collected through direct interview method. The study revealed that dairy herd sizes from the surveyed farms varied from 5 to 19 per farm. Average milk productivity was found 7 to 10 L per cow per day, in which Satkhira district cow’s milk productivity per day (10 L/cow/d) and lactation (3,116 L/cow/lactation) was found the highest and Rangpur district was the lowest. On the contrary, significantly (p=0.000) highest milk production per farm per lactation was in the Rangpur district (33,697 L) and the lowest in the Bogura district (9,818 L). Results revealed that statistically (p=0.000) higher income generated in Munshiganj district in terms of per cow per year and/or per day compared to the other milk pocket districts. The study also indicated that repeat breeding cost and unavailable income per farm per year were higher in the Sirajganj district and lowers in the Bogura district. Repeat breeding problems increases the production cost of the animals significantly (p=0.000) and negatively affect the farm profitability of the milk pocket areas in Bangladesh. Annually gross margin and net return per cow were statistically (p=0.000) higher in Munshiganj district. Benefit-cost ratios were found more than one and indicated that benefit is much higher than the cost of production at Satkhira (annual BCR/farm=1.52) and Munshiganj districts (annual BCR/farm=1.50) compared to the other areas (0.27–0.35 units more). Dairy farming provides higher economic benefits to the farmers of Munshiganj and Satkhira districts compared to the other milk pocket districts. The research concludes that there is an ample scope and possibility for sustaining and developing dairy farming in the milk pocket districts of Bangladesh. Overall, it may be suggested that the causes of repeat breeding should be identified and corrected accordingly within the shortest possible time for the betterment of dairying. Also, milk prices should be similar across the milk pocket districts and essential inputs prices should be kept within the affordable purchase range of farmers for sustainable dairying.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (2): 145-154
Recent Developments in Polish Civil Procedure in the Field of Public Hearing
Authors: Gołąb Agnieszka
Published: April 2020

The present paper deals with the possibility of passing judgments on the merit and procedural decisions at a court session held in camera. In order to assess the admissibility of this practice and its congruence with constitutional standards, the article presents the relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Polish Constitutional Tribunal. The paper discusses the issue of the ‘right to a public hearing’ in connection with the recent amendment of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure, which widened the court’s possibility to pass judgments and decisions in chambers.
Visual Literacy: A Bet to Be Earned, ASAP
Authors: Avraam Sachpatzidis D.
Published: April 2020

New language produces new thought. creativity, critical thinking, educational achievement, empathy towards others, and ability to decipher technology. The gap between looking and seeing can be bridged with observing– the process of building a catalogue of visual elements, a very important argument in front of the so called “narrowness of the education system.”

The science of perception and the history of image through the ideas of Eratosthenes, Copernicus, Descartes, Aristotle, Confucius and many others, is to create meaning. Language is, and always will be, the ultimate form of communication.

A book of illustrations and not with illustrations, could make complex arguments through that medium that he couldn’t with words alone. Words have been considered for many centuries of the human history, the superior currency of intellect. So, educators don’t know where to start when it comes to teaching visual literacy.

Photos without captions can make us look only at the photo, and make judgments and inferences by ourselves. Teaching graphic design alongside poetry, could show that design it’s more than just lines and illustration. It a sophisticated way to grasp the procedure from an idea to a picture.

The sooner teachers can really abandon the Learning Styles Theory and not label students as “visual learners”, since we all learn visually, the sooner students will be empowered to become visually literate.

Not all serious ideas require words, and many are better off without them. Visual communication deserves its place, and can also serve education.
A Crisis of Confidence in Higher Education: Is Technology the Solution?
Authors: Archee Ray
Published: April 2020

Higher education is one of the great successes of the twenty-first century. Once the province of an elite few, a university degree is now commonplace as the industrial revolution transforms into the digital age. However, the process of teaching has not changed much since Aristotle taught at the Lyceum: students still meet their teachers to listen and ponder their words of wisdom. This process has become less desirable for some students who now learn entirely online, or those who cannot reconcile the cost of a degree with its overall employment benefits. Dystopian theories have criticized current online educational practice as leading to inadequate reading, poor recall and confused cognition. But technology is seen by others as a panacea for rising costs, massive class sizes and fully engaging digital native students. Universities and colleges need to make some mindful decisions to curtail decreasing interest, less funding and disruptive competition. Is technology a saviour or an impediment in this process?
Parental Effectiveness and School Counselling in Elementary Education
Authors: Loukia Demetriou , Ourania Kalouri
Published: April 2020

Parenting today is as challenging as ever. People grow into their parental role, and develop their parenting skills as they counter challenges and apply daily routines in response to their children’s needs. Parental effectiveness is significant in the behavior that parents show during the interactions with their children as well as during the entire socialization process. Parents of young children are responsible for their care, their physical safety and for their physical, cognitive and emotional development; they micromanage the child’s inclusion in society and cultivate his/her socially acceptable behaviors. If they feel that they are efficient at their role as parents, then the child’s cognitive and psychosocial development is enhanced. Counselling at the primary school level could enable parents to better manage problematic situations that arise with their child’s learning and/or emotional needs by providing in-school parental education sessions which would facilitate parents to improve their parental skills. This study aims to (a) investigate and measure parental effectiveness and (b) research the perception of parents of primary school children regarding the necessity to implement school Counselling in the Cyprus Elementary School System. A sample of 120 parents of children 6-12 years old, in Limassol, Cyprus, answered two questionnaires, namely the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ) and a questionnaire we constructed to examine parental attitudes on Elementary School Counselling. Results show that parental effectiveness is significantly influenced by the educational background of the parents, the mother’s age, the status of the family, the number of children in the family and the gender of the child. At the same time, our results indicate that the majority of the participating parents acknowledge the importance of early Counselling interventions in parental educational programs at the primary education level.
Managerial Aspects for Deployment of E-Learning Technologies: A Literature Review of Selected Themes
Authors: Elizabeth Landa  , Chang Zhu  , Jennifer Sesabo
Published: April 2020

For obtaining benefits from using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education sector, technical and management aspects related to the use of ICT are needed. This literature review article focuses on assessing managerial aspects that influence deployment of e-learning technologies. Provision of details in each managerial dimension attempted to cover description of their significance, and the extent to which they influence adoption and usage of e-learning technologies. Key considerations were also extracted and presented as benchmarks for smooth practicality. A stock of existing literature n=81 devoted to the study, were reviewed to capture the specific themes for extracting arguments to acquire a wider perspective of the findings. The downloaded literature was categorised thematically and timely to capture a review of themes and trends on appreciable increase of usage or adoption published respectively. The process supported by NVivo software (version 12). From the findings training seemed the most discussed and considered managerial factor in terms of its significance and influence. It might be so due to its nature and need as it has to be conducted from the initial stage and continuously. The literature seems to be concerned with managerial aspects facilitating e-learning technologies in a holistic way, for stance combining different aspects of training, ultimately reflecting a high level of training aspect analysed. Still, despite some of these aspects being dubbed ‘all inclusive’, many tend to be little reported if we consider the possibilities in terms of those managerial dimensions.
Low salinity negatively affects metabolic rate, food consumption, digestion and growth in invasive lionfish Pterois spp.
Authors: Trehern RH , Garg A , Bigelow WB , Hauptman H , Brooks A , Hawkes LA , Van Leeuwen TE
Published: April 2020

The establishment of the piscivorous lionfishPteroisspp. in the Western Atlantic and wider Caribbean is a well-documented example of a successful marine invasion. Recently, lionfish have been shown to colonise a wide range of ecosystems and tolerate a wider range of salinities than previously thought. In the present study, lionfish were maintained in aquaria under differing salinity treatments (10, 20 and 37 psu) similar to those they might experience in an estuarine ecosystem. The effects of long-term hyposaline exposure on growth, metabolic rate, maximum food consumption and digestion were examined. Consistent with previous studies, lionfish were able to survive in hyposaline conditions for extended periods of time. However, lionfish in the most hyposaline treatment (10 psu) exhibited reduced growth under low food conditions, lower maximum metabolic rate, lower aerobic scope, lower maximum food consumption, took longer to digest a standardized meal size and occupied a greater percentage of their aerobic scope during digestion. Results suggest that (1) given the ability of lionfish to tolerate low salinity, updated range expansion models should incorporate salinity data to improve accuracy of predicted range expansion and (2) the invasion of lionfish into low salinity ecosystems, although a serious concern, will not likely lead to the same level of population increase observed for coral reef habitats due to the physiological costs associated with living in low salinities.
Can Bioactive Compounds of Crocus sativus L. Influence the Metabolic Activity of Selected CYP Enzymes in the Rat?
Authors: DOVRTĚLOVÁ G. , NOSKOVÁ K. , JUŘICA J. , TURJAP M. , ZENDULKA O.
Published: April 2020

Safranal and crocin are biologically active compounds isolated from Crocus sativus L., commonly known as saffron. Clinical trials confirm that saffron has antidepressant effect, thus being a potential valuable alternative in the treatment of depression. The aim of the present study was to determine, whether systemic administration of safranal and crocin can influence the metabolic activity of CYP3A, CYP2C11, CYP2B, and CYP2A in rat liver microsomes (RLM). The experiments were carried out on male Wistar albino rats intragastrically administered with safranal (4, 20, and 100 mg/kg/day) or with intraperitoneal injections of crocin (4, 20, and 100 mg/kg/day). Our results demonstrate the ability of safranal and crocin to increase the total protein content and to change the metabolic activity of several CYP enzymes assessed as CYP specific hydroxylations of testosterone in RLM. Crocin significantly decreased the metabolic activity of all selected CYP enzymes, while safranal significantly increased the metabolic activity of CYP2B, CYP2C11 and CYP3A enzymes. Therefore, both substances could increase the risk of interactions with co-administered substances metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Sirtuin 1 Modulation in Rat Model of Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: WOJNAROVÁ L. , KUTINOVÁ CANOVÁ N. , FARGHALI H. , KUČERA T.
Published: April 2020

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is involved in important biological processes such as energy metabolism and regulatory functions of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and inflammation. Our previous studies have shown hepatoprotective effect of polyphenolic compound resveratrol, which is also an activator of SIRT1. Therefore, the aim of our present study was to clarify the role of SIRT1 in process of hepatoprotection in animal model of drug-induced liver damage. Male Wistar rats were used for both in vivo and in vitro studies. Hepatotoxicity was induced by single dose of acetaminophen (APAP). Some rats and hepatocytes were treated by resveratrol or synthetic selective activator of sirtuin 1 (CAY10591). The degree of hepatotoxicity, the activity and expression of the SIRT1 were determined by biochemical, histological and molecular-biological assessments of gained samples (plasma, liver tissue, culture media and hepatocytes). Resveratrol and CAY attenuated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, both drugs enhanced APAP-reduced SIRT1 activity. Our results show that modulation of the SIRT1 activity plays a role in hepatoprotection. Synthetic activators of SIRT1 would help in understanding the role of SIRT1 and are therefore a major boost towards the search for specific treatment of liver disease.
Boldine Attenuates Cholestasis Associated With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Hereditary Hypertriglyceridemic Rats Fed by High-Sucrose Diet
Authors: ZAGOROVA M. , PRASNICKA A. , KADOVA Z. , DOLEZELOVA E. , KAZDOVA L. , CERMANOVA J. , ROZKYDALOVA L. , HROCH M. , MOKRY J. , MICUDA S.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the current study was to clarify the effect of high sucrose diet (HSD) on bile formation (BF) in rats with hereditary hypertriglyceridemia (HHTg). Potentially positive effects were studied for boldine, a natural choleretic agent. Administration of HSD to HHTg rats led to increased triglyceride deposition in the liver. HSD reduced BF as a consequence of decreased biliary secretion of bile acids (BA) and glutathione. Responsible mechanism was down-regulation of hepatic transporters for BA and glutathione, Bsep and Mrp2, respectively. Moreover, gene expressions of transporters for other constituents of bile, namely Abcg5/8 for cholesterol, Abcb4 for phospholipids, and Oatp1a4 for xenobiotics, were also reduced by HSD. Boldine partially attenuated cholestatic effect of HSD by promotion of biliary secretion of BA through up-regulation of Bsep and Ntcp, and by increase in biliary secretion of glutathione as a consequence of its increased hepatic disposition. This study demonstrates mechanisms of impaired BF during nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by HSD. Altered function of responsible transporters suggests also potential for changes in kinetics of drugs, which may complicate pharmacotherapy in subjects with high intake of sucrose, and with fatty liver disease. Sucrose induced alterations in BF may be alleviated by administration of boldine.
Effect of Co-Medication on the Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Phenobarbital in Asphyxiated Newborns
Authors: ŠÍMA M. , POKORNÁ P. , HRONOVÁ K. , SLANAŘ O.
Published: April 2020

Phenobarbital is an anticonvulsive drug widely used in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The objective of our study was to describe possible effect of frequently co-administered medications (dopamine, dobutamine, norepinephrine, furosemide, phenytoin, and analgesics) on the phenobarbital pharmacokinetics in full term newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Phenobarbital pharmacokinetic parameters (standardized intravenous loading dose was 10-20 mg/kg, maintenance dose 2-6 mg/kg/day) were computed using non-compartmental analysis. Co-medication was evaluated throughout the whole treatment period up to 5 days. Volume of distribution, clearance, and half-life median values (95 % CI) for phenobarbital in the whole study population (n=37) were 0.48 (0.41-0.56) l/kg, 0.0034 (0.0028-0.0040) l/h/kg, and 93.7 (88.1-99.2) h, respectively. Phenobarbital pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly affected by vasoactive drugs (dopamine, dobutamine, and norepinephrine), furosemide, phenytoin, or analgesics. Furthermore, no dose-dependent alteration of phenobarbital pharmacokinetic parameters was noted for vasoactive medication at doses equivalent to cumulative vasoactive-inotropic score (area under the curve in a plot of vasoactive-inotropic score against time) 143.2-8473.6, furosemide at cumulative doses of 0.2-42.9 mg/kg, or phenytoin at cumulative doses of 10.3-46.2 mg/kg. Phenobarbital pharmacokinetics was not affected by investigated co-administered drugs used in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in real clinical settings.
Effect of Sulodexide on Vascular Responses and Liver Mitochondrial Function in Diabetic Rats
Authors: DOBIAŠ L. , PETROVÁ M. , VOJTKO R. , ULIČNÁ O. , VANČOVÁ O. , KRISTOVÁ V.
Published: April 2020

This study investigates the effects of long-term treatment with sulodexide (SLX) on norepinephrine (NE)-induced contractions, acetylcholine(Ach)-induced relaxations, acute cyclooxygenase blockade by diclofenac (DIC) in isolated femoral arteries (FA) and the parameters of oxidative phosporylation in liver mitochondria. 15-weeks old Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C; injected with saline solution), treated control (C+SLX), diabetic (DM) and treated diabetic (DM+SLX). Diabetes was induced with a single i.v. dose of streptozotocin (STZ) 45 mg.kg-1. SLX was administered i.p., at dose 100 IU.kg-1 daily for 5 weeks. Vascular responses of isolated femoral arteries were measured using Mulvany-Halpern myograph. Respiratory function of the mitochondria was determined using voltamperometric method on oxygraph Gilson. In diabetic rats the amplitude of maximal response to NE was elevated. DIC pretreatment decreased the amplitudes of NE-induced contractions in all groups of rats. SLX treatment decreased sensitivity of FA to NE and caused higher relaxatory responses to Ach in C and DM. Oxygen consumption and phosphorylation rates ([QO2(S3)], [QO2(S4)] and (OPR)) and respiratory control ratio (RCR) were decreased in the mitochondria of DM rats. Mitochondria of C rats were not affected with SLX treatment. Administration of SLX in DM rats was associated with increase of RCR, other parameters were not affected. Our findings suggest that SLX treatment might be associated with vasculoprotective effects during diabetes and improvement of mitochondrial function.
Arbitrary Detention: A Challenge Faced by Muslim Minority in India
Authors: Turrey Aijaz A.
Published: April 2020

Muslims form the largest religious minority in India. Census of India 2011 registered about 14.4 per cent of India’s total population as Muslims. Being minority Muslims are one of the weaker sections of society and the most oppressed ones. Majority of the Muslims especially youth are going through distress and trauma of terrorism tags. Muslims are the prime targets of anti-national activities and often jailed and killed in fake encounters. They are the most suffered section of the society and a little is being done for their upliftment. An attempt has been made to analyze the condition of the Muslim minority in India in the present democratic scenario. The study mainly focused on the consequences of false charges and fake encounters on the socio-economic conditions of Muslims and their families in India. The study is actually an investigation in some thrust areas in which Muslim section of the society is being demoralized deeply in India. The government of India established The Ministry of Minority Affairs on 29th January 2006 to look after the issues of minority communities and suggest development frameworks for their benefit. The 2017 World Report of the Human Rights Watch1 also finds India as the violator of human rights with respect to freedom and treatment of minorities.1An Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analyzing crime data as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC).
Juvenile Delinquency, Its Causes and Justice System in Bangladesh: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Khuda Kudrat E
Published: April 2020

Juvenile delinquency and crime are legal definitions rather than specific behavioural or psychiatric syndromes. Since common law is based on theological law, society has historically responded to juvenile delinquency and crime based on moral and religious beliefs regarding the age at which juveniles are criminally responsible rather than from scientific knowledge. Research shows, there is a high percentage of offending among all teenagers, the majority of offences which violate the law are one time occurrences and most often non-violent. Only about 5-10% of adolescents commit violent crimes. This article aims to show how juvenile delinquency is normally belongs to the illiterate and sometimes with low-income families in Bangladesh and how it is impacting negatively on their frequently engage in juvenile crimes. The article also focuses on the juvenile justice system of Bangladesh and provides few recommendations to prevent the juvenile delinquency from society and to more develop its justice system.
PENGARUH SELF-ESTEEM DAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA GURU
Authors: Sulastri Theresia , . Sumardi , Istiadi Yossa
Published: April 2020

EFFECT OF SELF-ESTEEM AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION TOWARD TEACHER EFFECTIVENESSTeacher’s work effectiveness is the one of the elements to be performed in order to reach the school goal. According to the initial study, it is showed that the effectiveness of some private junior high school teachers were not as expected, while actually high work effectiveness among teachers might support excellent output quality implementation. This study aimed to describe, analyze and find out that self-esteem and interpersonal communication bring a positive influence on teacher work effectiveness. The research method was quantitative research and survey research method was path analysis approach. This research was conducted on 5 private junior high schools in the District of Gunung Putri, Bogor Regency. Samples were taken randomly proportionally, totaling 109 of the 150 population. Data collection in this study was using questionnaires as instruments. The results showed that: 1) There was a positive and very significant effect of self-esteem on teacher work effectiveness with a correlation coefficient (β y1) of 0.4769; 2) There was a positive and very significant effect of personal communication on teacher work effectiveness with a correlation coefficient (β y2) of 0.5051; 3) There was a positive and very significant influence on self-esteem and personal communication on work effectiveness teacher with a correlation coefficient (β y12) of 0.5704. Based on the results of the study, the teacher's work effectiveness increased as the influence of self-esteem and interpersonal communication.
James W. Carey and Communication Research: Reputation at the University’s Margins
Authors: Pooley Jefferson
Published: April 2020

James W. Carey, by the time of his death in 2006, was a towering figure in communication research in the United States. In this book, Jefferson Pooley provides a critical introduction to Carey’s work, tracing the evolution of his media theorizing from his graduate school years through to the publication, in 1989, of his landmark Communication as Culture. The book is an attempt to understand the unusual—if also undeniable—significance that Carey holds for so many communication scholars, as well as making his work accessible to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Modeling the Interaction of Solit-Like Pulse Signals with Electromagnetic Shields in the Form of Heterogeneous Media
Authors: Aliseyko MA , Boiprav OV , Grinchik NN , Tarasevich AV
Published: April 2020

Modeling of electromagnetic radiation interaction with electromagnetic shields is an important problem that is solved during their development. By solving this problem, as a rule, it is possible to reduce the time and financial costs necessary to obtain electromagnetic shields, characterized by the required electromagnetic radiation attenuation and reflection coefficient. Currently, electromagnetic shields are usually developed in the form of heterogeneous media, which is due to lower the values of electromagnetic radiation reflection coefficient of such shields in comparison with the shields in the form of homogeneous media made in the form of continuous materials sheets. The authors of the article have proposed a new approach to modeling of electromagnetic radiation interaction with electromagnetic shields in the form of heterogeneous media. This approach is based on the use of difference schemes of end-to-end counting without explicitly distinguishing the interface between adjacent media, fulfilling the conditions of equality of full currents and charge flows on this boundary, and also on describing electromagnetic waves in the form of soliton-like signals, characterized by a greater penetration depth compared to other waves used in currently in the process of modeling (rectangular, sawtooth, etc). When using soliton-like signals that take into account broadening of spectral lines, the matching conditions for the first initial-boundary-value problem are satisfied. The existing software packages for electrodynamic tasks solving don’t take into account the matching conditions. On the base of the proposed approach, using the COMSOL Multiphysics software package, the authors first simulated the electromagnetic radiation interaction with a silver-based shield, the surface of which is rough and characterized by roughness sizes significantly smaller than the length of electromagnetic waves interacting with them, and with a shield in the form of a copper plate, the surface of which has slots, diameters and the depth of which is much less than the length of the electromagnetic waves interacting with them. The selection of these objects of study is due to the wide use of copper and silver for the electromagnetic shields manufacture, as well as the prospects for the development of shields formation technology, which consists in the heterogenization of the solid sheet metal materials surface.
A Case Study for a Big Data and Machine Learning Platform to Improve Medical Decision Support in Population Health Management
Authors: López-Martínez Fernando , Núñez-Valdez Edward Rolando , García-Díaz Vicente , Bursac Zoran
Published: April 2020

Big data and artificial intelligence are currently two of the most important and trending pieces for innovation and predictive analytics in healthcare, leading the digital healthcare transformation. Keralty organization is already working on developing an intelligent big data analytic platform based on machine learning and data integration principles. We discuss how this platform is the new pillar for the organization to improve population health management, value-based care, and new upcoming challenges in healthcare. The benefits of using this new data platform for community and population health include better healthcare outcomes, improvement of clinical operations, reducing costs of care, and generation of accurate medical information. Several machine learning algorithms implemented by the authors can use the large standardized datasets integrated into the platform to improve the effectiveness of public health interventions, improving diagnosis, and clinical decision support. The data integrated into the platform come from Electronic Health Records (EHR), Hospital Information Systems (HIS), Radiology Information Systems (RIS), and Laboratory Information Systems (LIS), as well as data generated by public health platforms, mobile data, social media, and clinical web portals. This massive volume of data is integrated using big data techniques for storage, retrieval, processing, and transformation. This paper presents the design of a digital health platform in a healthcare organization in Colombia to integrate operational, clinical, and business data repositories with advanced analytics to improve the decision-making process for population health management.
Is It Possible to Measure Monobromamine Using Colorimetric Methods Based on the Berthelot Reaction, Like for Monochloramine?
Authors: Roumiguières Adrien , Bouchonnet Stéphane , Kinani Said
Published: April 2020

Analytical methods based on the Berthelot reaction were recently adapted for determining monochloramine (MCA: NH2Cl) in freshwater. The specificity of the Berthelot reaction with regard to MCA is related to the need for two exchangeable hydrogen atoms to form indophenol blue. MCA can thus be distinguished from organic N-chloramines, which have only one exchangeable hydrogen atom. Monobromamine (MBA: NH2Br) may be formed during chlorination of seawater containing ammonium ions. Quantifying MBA is quite challenging and no method has been reported for its specific determination in seawater. As MBA also has two exchangeable hydrogen atoms, its reactivity might be analogous to that of MCA, but this hypothesis has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of the so-called “indophenol method” for the determination of the MBA in freshwater and seawater samples. The reaction between MBA and Berthelot reagents was studied in both ultrapure water and artificial seawater. The reaction products were characterized by using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS), Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT–ICR MS), and UV–vis spectroscopy. Results showed that colorimetric methods based on the Berthelot reaction were not suitable for measuring MBA in freshwater or seawater, since NH2Br reacts with alkaline phenol derivative via electrophilic substitution to form ortho- and para-brominated phenols instead of forming indophenol.