bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERCEIVED VALUE DAN IMPLIKASINYA KEPADA INTENTION TO SUBSCRIBE SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP SOCIAL INFLUENCE PADA APLIKASI STREAMING FILM DISNEY PLUS HOTSTAR
Authors: Juliandhono Niko , Berlianto Margaret Pink
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk menginvestigasi faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi atau menghambat niat individu untuk berlangganan aplikasi streaming berbayar Disney Plus Hotstar. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan berdasarkan hubungan antara dua variabel utama yaitu Perceived Value dan implikasinya terhadap Intention to subscribe. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah individu dalam usia produktif, berdomisili di Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang & Banten dan pastinya yang berlangganan aplikasi streaming Disney Plus Hotstar dengan durasi berlangganan dari satu sampai tiga bulan, empat sampai enam bulan, tujuh sampai sembilan bulan, sembilan sampai dua belas bulan dan sudah lebih dari satu tahun. Hasil empiris dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengguna memperhitungkan nilai yang dirasakan, manfaat yang dirasakan dan kompatibilitas yang dirasakan dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap keinginan untuk berlangganan aplikasi streaming Disney Plus Hotstar. Selain faktor tersebut, terdapat pengaruh sosial sebagai faktor eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi keinginan untuk berlangganan aplikasi streaming Disney Plus Hotstar. Sedangkan biaya dan perbandingan terhadap kegunaan aplikasi streaming ilegal adalah faktor penghalang untuk individu berlangganan aplikasi streaming Disney Plus Hotstar. Penelitian ini disusun dengan harapan dapat memberikan pandangan pengguna terhadap aplikasi streaming berbayar Disney Plus Hotstar sebagai acuan atau panduan kepada pemilik dan pengembang agar dapat memperluas konsumen, memberikan nilai tambahan terhadap konsumen dan mengetahui apa saja penghambatnya.
Rhinoplasty
Authors: Li Myriam Loyo
Published: October 2022

This Patient Page describes the cosmetic and functional uses of rhinoplastic surgery.
Predictors of Patient and Physician Assessments of Gout Control
Authors: Dalbeth Nicola , Frampton Christopher , Fung Maple , Baumgartner Scott , Choi Hyon K.
Published: October 2022

Objective

To understand the clinical variables that contribute to the patient and physician assessments of gout control and which variables predict discordant assessments.

Methods

Patients (n = 223) with gout taking allopurinol ≥300 mg daily attended a standardized gout assessment visit. Participants and physicians completed questionnaires rating their assessment of current gout control using a numerical rating scale (0 = not at all controlled, 10 = fully controlled). Discordance between patients’ and physicians’ scores was defined as an absolute difference of >2 units.

Results

The mean ± SD patient gout control score was 8.09 ± 2.24, and the physician gout control score was 7.38 ± 2.63 (P < 0.001 for comparison). Absence of gout flares in the last 12 months and in the last 3 months and serum urate at the treatment target (<6 mg/dl) were associated with higher patient and physician gout control scores. Absence of tophus also predicted higher physician, but not patient, gout control scores. Discordant scores for gout control were present in 50 participants (22.3%), mostly due to lower assessment of disease control by physicians. Gout flare in the preceding 3 months (odds ratio [OR] 5.9, P < 0.001) and tophus (OR 3.1, P = 0.007) predicted discordant disease‐control assessments in which physicians scored lower gout control than patients.

Conclusion

For both patients and physicians, absence of gout flares and serum urate levels at the treatment target predict assessment of gout control. However, discordance between patients and physicians in their assessment of disease control is not uncommon, with recent gout flares and tophus predicting lower scores by physicians than patients.
Adaptive observer design for uncertain nonlinear ODE‐PDE cascades
Authors: Benabdelhadi Abdeljalil , Giri Fouad , Krstic Miroslav , Chaoui Fatima‐Zahra , Rachid Kamal , El Fadil Hassan
Published: October 2022

We are revisiting the problem of adaptive observer design for systems that are constituted of an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE), containing a globally Lipschitz function of the state, and a linear Partial Differential Equation (PDE) of a diffusion–reaction heat type. The ODE and PDE are connected in series and both are subject to parametric uncertainties. In addition to nonlinearity and uncertainty, the system complexity also lies in the fact that no sensor can be implemented at the junction point between the ODE and the PDE. In the absence of parameter uncertainty, nonadaptive state observers are available featuring exponential convergence. However, convergence is guaranteed only under the condition that either the Lipschitz coefficient is sufficiently small or the PDE domain length is sufficiently small. To get around this limitation, and also to account for parameter uncertainty, we develop a design that involves two concatenated adaptive observers, covering the two subintervals of the PDE domain. The proposed design employs one extra sensor, providing the measurement of the PDE state at an inner position close to the ODE‐PDE junction point. Both observers are shown to be exponentially convergent, under ad‐hoc persistent excitation (PE) conditions, with no limitation on the Lipschitz coefficient and domain length.
Mixing‐Induced Orientational Ordering in Liquid‐Crystalline Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Nikaido Kiyoshi , Inoue Satoru , Kumai Reiji , Higashino Toshiki , Matsuoka Satoshi , Arai Shunto , Hasegawa Tatsuo
Published: October 2022

Organic semiconductors (OSCs) often exhibit thermotropic liquid‐crystalline (LC) phases in which molecular orientational order is partially lost. The formation of a temporary LC state via a solution process is expected to promote printing‐based device production, although a method of controlling molecular ordering over LC states has not yet been developed. Here, it is demonstrated that long‐axis molecular ordering can be controlled under ambient conditions using unsymmetrically alkylated OSCs with high layered crystallinity. Introducing a small amount of OSC molecules with longer alkyl‐chain lengths leads to the conversion of the long‐axis disordered phase into a bilayer‐type ordered phase with improved hole mobility in the transistor characteristics. Analyses of the entropies of the transitions to the smectic LC phases at elevated temperatures demonstrate that the long‐axis molecular ordering can be driven by a balance between intralayer flip–flop motion and core–core interactions through LC phases. The proposed LC‐mediated solution processing paves the way toward high‐end printed electronics.
Injectable Polymer‐Nanoparticle Hydrogel for the Sustained Intravitreal Delivery of Bimatoprost
Authors: Meany Emily L. , Andaya Roxanne , Tang Shijia , Kasse Catherine M. , Fuji Reina N. , Grosskopf Abigail K. , d'Aquino Andrea L. , Bartoe Joshua T. , Ybarra Ryan , Shelton Amy , Pederson Zachary , Hu Chloe , Leung Dennis , Nagapudi Karthik , Ubhayakar Savita , Wright Matthew , Yen Chun‐Wan , Appel Eric A.
Published: October 2022

Vision impairment resulting from chronic eye diseases, such as macular degeneration and glaucoma, severely impacts patients’ quality of life and poses an immense global financial burden. Current standard of care for such diseases includes daily eye drops or frequent intravitreal (ITV) injections, which are burdensome treatment modalities resulting in low patient compliance. There remains a growing need for easily administered long‐acting delivery technologies for prolonging exposure of ocular therapeutics with each administration. Here, this work deploys a supramolecular polymer‐nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogel for ITV delivery of the glaucoma drug bimatoprost. PNP hydrogels are shear‐thinning and self‐healing, key properties for injectability, and enable slow release of molecular cargo in vitreous humor (VH) mimics. An in vivo study in New Zealand white rabbits demonstrated intravitreally injected PNP hydrogels form depots that degrade slowly over time, maintaining detectable levels of bimatoprost in the VH up to 8 weeks following injection. Ophthalmic examinations and histopathology identified a mild foreign body response (FBR) to the hydrogel, characterized by rare clusters of foamy macrophages and giant cells associated with minimal, patchy fibroplasia. This work shows that PNP hydrogels exhibit numerous desirable traits for sustained drug delivery and further work will be necessary to optimize tolerability in the eye.
Fewer COVID‐19 Neurological Complications with Dexamethasone and Remdesivir
Authors: Grundmann Alexander , Wu Chieh‐Hsi , Hardwick Marc , Baillie J. Kenneth , Openshaw Peter J M , Semple Malcolm G. , Böhning Dankmar , Pett Sarah , Michael Benedict D. , Thomas Rhys H. , Galea Ian ,   for the ISARIC4C investigators
Published: October 2022

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of treatment with dexamethasone, remdesivir or both on neurological complications in acute coronavirus diease 2019 (COVID‐19).

Methods

We used observational data from the International Severe Acute and emerging Respiratory Infection Consortium World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Characterization Protocol, United Kingdom. Hospital inpatients aged ≥18 years with laboratory‐confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection admitted between January 31, 2020, and June 29, 2021, were included. Treatment allocation was non‐blinded and performed by reporting clinicians. A propensity scoring methodology was used to minimize confounding. Treatment with remdesivir, dexamethasone, or both was assessed against the standard of care. The primary outcome was a neurological complication occurring at the point of death, discharge, or resolution of the COVID‐19 clinical episode.

Results

Out of 89,297 hospital inpatients, 64,088 had severe COVID‐19 and 25,209 had non‐hypoxic COVID‐19. Neurological complications developed in 4.8% and 4.5%, respectively. In both groups, neurological complications were associated with increased mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, worse self‐care on discharge, and time to recovery. In patients with severe COVID‐19, treatment with dexamethasone (n = 21,129), remdesivir (n = 1,428), and both combined (n = 10,846) were associated with a lower frequency of neurological complications: OR = 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69–0.83), OR = 0.69 (95% CI = 0.51–0.90), and OR = 0.54 (95% CI = 0.47–0.61), respectively. In patients with non‐hypoxic COVID‐19, dexamethasone (n = 2,580) was associated with less neurological complications (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.62–0.97), whereas the dexamethasone/remdesivir combination (n = 460) showed a similar trend (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.31–1.15).

Interpretation

Treatment with dexamethasone, remdesivir, or both in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 was associated with a lower frequency of neurological complications in an additive manner, such that the greatest benefit was observed in patients who received both drugs together. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:88–102
Horseshoe crab egg availability for shorebirds in Delaware Bay: Dramatic reduction after unregulated horseshoe crab harvest and limited recovery after 20 years of management
Authors: Smith Joseph A. M. , Dey Amanda , Williams Karen , Diehl Theo , Feigin Stephanie , Niles Lawrence J.
Published: October 2022

The largest aggregation of spawning American horseshoe crabs in the world occurs in Delaware Bay and supports one of the largest concentrations of shorebirds in the western hemisphere where the birds feed on horseshoe crab eggs during migration. Unregulated harvest in the 1990s is associated with the decline of shorebird populations using the bay, but corresponding baseline information on the horseshoe crab egg food supply that supported peak shorebird populations has been lacking.

Past and current measurements of horseshoe crab eggs in the bay indicate that abundance in the 1980s was an order of magnitude greater (x̄ = 156,600/m2) than present‐day estimates (2015–2021 x̄ = 10,243/m2). An additional egg prevalence index, which characterizes the timing and magnitude of horseshoe crab egg output, revealed a similar pattern of higher prevalence in the 1980s (0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.81–0.94) compared with the recent 2015–2021 interval (0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.43–0.60).

Declines of egg and shorebird abundance occurred shortly after horseshoe crab harvest reached its peak. Red knot aerial survey counts have stabilized at 30% of the baseline population while ruddy turnstone counts are 40% of baseline estimates. Initially these species were evenly distributed between the New Jersey and Delaware coasts but both species have trended toward predominately occupying New Jersey beaches.

A lack of recovery of horseshoe crab egg and shorebird abundance suggests that horseshoe crab harvest management has stabilized populations but progress toward population recovery has been limited. Impacts from bycatch, the pharmaceutical industry and other potential population impacts must be better quantified and mitigated, if necessary, to promote the recovery of horseshoe crab populations. Measurements of horseshoe egg prevalence and abundance are essential metrics for tracking the progress toward management goals for improving shorebird habitat quality.
Intrinsic Zinc in Brass Enables Lithium Anode Dendrite‐Free
Authors: Zhang Nianchao , Wang Jie , Yang Zhiyuan , Zhao Zheng , Wang Congwei , Wang Junying , Wang Junzhong
Published: October 2022

Brass foil, composed of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), is a commercialized low‐cost Cu‐based matrix with lithiophilic properties. However, brass has never been employed as a current collector of lithium (Li) metal anode to suppress formation of Li dendrite. Here, we show that brass foil is directly utilized as a current collector for Li metal anodes. It exhibits a stable repeated Li plating and stripping for more than 400 h (200 cycles) with a low overpotential (∼0.018 V) and a capacity of 1 mAh cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 in a symmetric cell, as well as a higher average Coulombic efficiency of 97.2 % for more than 120 cycles with a capacity of 1 mAh cm−2 at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2. Thanks to the lithiophilicity of homogeneous Zn in brass, the nucleation overpotential of Li is effectively reduced and Li is uniformly deposited on the current collector without dendrite formation. Our investigation might inspire the ancient brass to apply to lithium‐ion battery.
Use of Monte Carlo simulations for improved facility fit planning in downstream biomanufacturing and technology transfer
Authors: Furcht Christopher , VanSeveren Michael , Holstein Melissa , Feroz Hasin , Ghose Sanchayita
Published: October 2022

Biologics manufacturing is capital and consumable intensive with need for advanced inventory planning to account for supply chain constraints. Early‐stage process design and technology transfer are often challenging due to limited information on process variability regarding bioreactor titer, process yield, and product quality. Monte Carlo (MC) methods offer a stochastic modeling approach for process optimization where probabilities of occurrence for process inputs are incorporated into a deterministic model to simulate more likely scenarios for process outputs. In this study, we explore MC simulation‐based design of a monoclonal antibody downstream manufacturing process. We demonstrate that this probabilistic approach offers more representative outcomes over the conventional worst‐case approach where the theoretical minimum and maximum values of each process parameter are used without consideration for their probability of occurrence. Our work demonstrates case studies on more practically sizing unit operations to improve consumable utilization, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. We also used MC simulations to minimize process cadence by constraining the number of cycles per unit operation to fit facility preferences. By factoring in process uncertainty, we have implemented MC simulation‐based facility fit analyses to efficiently plan for inventory when accounting for process constraints during technology transfer from lab‐scale to clinical or commercial manufacturing.
Family physicians' involvement in palliative cancer care
Authors: Moon Christine C. , Mah Kenneth , Pope Ashley , Swami Nadia , Hannon Breffni , Lau Jenny , Mak Ernie , al‐Awamer Ahmed , Banerjee Subrata , Dawson Laura A. , Husain Amna , Rodin Gary , Le Lisa W. , Zimmermann Camilla
Published: October 2022

Background

Family physicians' (FPs) long‐term relationships with their oncology patients position them ideally to provide primary palliative care, yet their involvement is variable. We examined perceptions of FP involvement among outpatients receiving palliative care at a cancer center and identified factors associated with this involvement.

Methods

Patients with advanced cancer attending an oncology palliative care clinic (OPCC) completed a 25‐item survey. Eligible patients had seen an FP within 5 years. Binary multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with (1) having seen an FP for palliative care within 6 months, and (2) having a scheduled/planned FP appointment.

Results

Of 258 patients, 35.2% (89/253) had seen an FP for palliative care within the preceding 6 months, and 51.2% (130/254) had a scheduled/planned FP appointment. Shorter travel time to FP (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48–0.93, p = 0.02), the FP having a 24‐h support service (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.02–3.76, p = 0.04), and a positive perception of FP's care (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01–1.09, p = 0.01) were associated with having seen the FP for palliative care. English as a first language (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.04–8.11, p = 0.04) and greater ease contacting FP after hours (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.08–1.64, p = 0.008) were positively associated, and female sex of patient (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.30–0.87, p = 0.01) and travel time to FP (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.47–0.93, p = 0.02) negatively associated with having a scheduled/planned FP appointment. Number of OPCC visits was not associated with either outcome.

Conclusion

Most patients had not seen an FP for palliative care. Accessibility, availability, and equity are important factors to consider when planning interventions to encourage and facilitate access to FPs for palliative care.
Noninvasive ventilation via bilevel positive airway pressure improved sleep in a child with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: A case report
Authors: Yang Liqiang , Qiu Shuyao , Zhong Jianwen , Liu Dabo
Published: October 2022

We report the polysomnography findings of a 2‐year‐old girl who was previously diagnosed with CCHS and treated with bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) and O2 supplementation for a year. The girl had convulsions 2 times in the last 10 days. After we replaced her nasal cannula with a nasal mask and adjusted the parameters of the BiPAP, her sleep and ventilation were improved. The polysomnographies measured under spontaneous breathing without oxygen supplementation showed that her sleep structure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation during sleep were improved 1 month and 1 year after effective BiPAP treatment.
A rare Danish case of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pyogenic liver abscess
Authors: Dudina Margarita , Søgaard Kirstine K. , Deleuran Thomas , Joensen Katrine Grimstrup , Frøkjær Jens Brøndum , Nielsen Hans Linde
Published: October 2022

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a rare Gram‐negative bacillus that cause enterocolitis and terminal ileitis. We report the first Danish case with Y. pseudotuberculosis multiple pyogenic liver abscess presenting with 6 weeks intermittently fever, fatigue, and weight loss. The patient was successfully treated with percutaneous drainage and intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam and oral ciprofloxacin.
Tuberculous abdominal cocoon: A rare variant of peritonitis
Authors: Limaiem Faten , Omrani Sahir , Medhioub Fatma , Hajri Mohamed , Bayar Rached
Published: October 2022

Cocoon abdomen is an uncommon condition characterized by bowel entrapment in a cocoon‐like membrane. Its clinical presentation is usually non‐specific. Rarely, it may present with perforation peritonitis. The therapeutic approach depends on the stage of the disease. Surgery is essentially reserved for those with acute surgical complications.
A soft fibroma of the nipple
Authors: Yamaguchi Toshiyuki
Published: October 2022

Although soft fibromas occur in the intertriginous area, including on the neck, axillae, and vulvovaginal locations, in rare cases, they can develop in the nipple. Doctors should consider soft fibroma as one of the differential diagnoses for nipple lesions.
Breast cancer incidence among women with a family history of breast cancer by relative's age at diagnosis
Authors: Durham Danielle D. , Abraham Linn A. , Roberts Megan C. , Khan Carly P. , Smith Robert A. , Kerlikowske Karla , Miglioretti Diana L.
Published: October 2022

Background

Women with a first‐degree family history of breast cancer are often advised to begin screening when they are 10 years younger than the age at which their relative was diagnosed. Evidence is lacking to determine how much earlier they should begin.

Methods

Using Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium data on screening mammograms from 1996 to 2016, the authors constructed a cohort of 306,147 women 30–59 years of age with information on first‐degree family history of breast cancer and relative's age at diagnosis. The authors compared cumulative 5‐year breast cancer incidence among women with and without a first‐degree family history of breast by relative's age at diagnosis and by screening age.

Results

Among 306,147 women included in the study, approximately 11% reported a first‐degree family history of breast cancer with 3885 breast cancer cases identified. Women reporting a relative diagnosed between 40 and 49 years and undergoing screening between ages 30 and 39 or 40 and 49 had similar 5‐year cumulative incidences of breast cancer (respectively, 18.6/1000; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.1, 25.7; 18.4/1000; 95% CI, 13.7, 23.5) as women without a family history undergoing screening between 50–59 years of age (18.0/1000; 95% CI, 17.0, 19.1). For relative's diagnosis age from 35 to 45 years of age, initiating screening 5–8 years before diagnosis age resulted in a 5‐year cumulative incidence of breast cancer of 15.2/1000, that of an average 50‐year‐old woman.

Conclusion

Women with a relative diagnosed at or before age 45 may wish to consider, in consultation with their provider, initiating screening 5–8 years earlier than their relative's diagnosis age.
DNA methylation analysis in urinary samples: A useful method to predict the risk of neoplastic recurrence in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in the high‐risk group
Authors: Pierconti Francesco , Rossi Esther Diana , Cenci Tonia , Carlino Angela , Fiorentino Vincenzo , Totaro Angelo , Sacco Emilio , Palermo Giuseppe , Iacovelli Roberto , Larocca Luigi Maria , Bassi Pier Francesco , Martini Maurizio
Published: October 2022

Background

Recently, it was reported that the Bladder EpiCheck test is likely to represent a valid tool in the diagnostic process of patients who have suspected bladder carcinoma, with some controversial management decisions because of the technical limitations of cytology.

Methods

Two hundred ninety patients with a diagnosis of nonmuscle‐invasive bladder carcinoma who were admitted at the authors’ department from March 2019 to December 2019 were treated and followed for 1 year. During follow‐up, all patients were evaluated by voided urine cytology, white‐light cystoscopy (according to European Association of Urology guidelines), and the Bladder EpiCheck test.

Results

The cytologic diagnoses of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) and suspicious for HGUC were histologically confirmed in 5 of 20 patients (25%) who had quantitative Bladder EpiCheck scores (EpiScores) from 60 to 69, in 23 of 36 patients (64%) who had EpiScores from 70 to 79, and in 42 of 56 patients (75%) and 57 of 63 patients (90%) who had EpiScores between 80 and 89 and EpiScores >90, respectively. Of 48 patients who had a cytologic diagnosis of HGUC or suspicious for HGUC with EpiScores ≥60 and negative histology, 20 (42%) had a recurrence of HGUC, which was cytologically and histologically confirmed, at 6–12 months during follow‐up.

Conclusions

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in which patients at high risk for HGUC were stratified using the Bladder EpiCheck EpiScore. The results validate this methylation analysis tool as a useful method for predicting recurrent HGUC during the follow‐up of patients with nonmuscle‐invasive bladder carcinoma.
Retrospective study in U.S. commercial sorghum breeding: III. Nitrogen internal efficiency
Authors: Demarco Paula Andrea , Mayor Laura , Messina Carlos , Prasad P. V. Vara , Morris Geoffrey P. , Ciampitti Ignacio Antonio
Published: October 2022

Retrospective studies are critical to investigate changes in physiological traits related to nitrogen (N) uptake and yield formation. N is a key yield‐limiting nutrient in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), as in most crops, so improving its N internal efficiency (NIE, yield to N uptake ratio) could increase productivity and sustainability. Understanding changes in N efficiency across time linked to carbon (C) economy can provide insights for future breeding targets. This study aims to characterize N and C dynamics (via studying changes in water‐soluble carbohydrates, WSC) of 20 commercial U.S. sorghum hybrids released from 1963 to 2017. Field trials were conducted during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons in Riley County, KS. Seasonal changes in biomass accumulation, N uptake, and WSC were characterized during both vegetative and reproductive periods. Modern hybrids had greater NIE compared with those from the 1960s. Overall, beyond the yield gain documented for modern sorghum hybrids, the NIE increased at the expense of a reduction in grain N and, in minor proportion, due to increase in the N harvest index (NHI) at maturity for newer relative to older hybrids. Newer hybrids evidenced greater N remobilization from the stover to the grains during the reproductive period. This study demonstrates the physiological mechanisms for an increase in N and C utilization behind yield genetic gain for sorghum hybrids. Future yield gain in sorghum could be pursued by enhancing N uptake to sustain further genetic progress.
ROTEE: Remora Optimization and Tunicate swarm algorithm‐based Energy‐Efficient cluster‐based routing for EH‐enabled heterogeneous WSNs
Authors: Gupta Amar Deep , Rout Ranjeet Kumar
Published: October 2022

Since the development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the limited battery of the sensor nodes has been an unavoidable concern. Hence, to keep the WSNs operational for a longer possible duration, the recharging of node's battery through harvesting the ambient energy from surroundings (for an example, solar energy) has been proposed. In this work, we focus not only on utilizing the energy harvesting (EH)‐enabled sensor nodes for routing purposes but also introduce a novel hybrid optimization ROATSA that uses Remora Optimization Algorithm (ROA) and Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA) for energy‐efficient cluster‐based routing. The proposed work is termed as ROA and TSA‐based Energy‐Efficient Cluster‐based Routing for EH‐enabled WSN (ROTEE). Hybrid ROATSA is chosen due to enhanced convergence and exploitation capabilities. To reduce the financial burden on the network, we use only four EH‐enabled nodes and locate them at each periphery of the network, equidistant to each other and the other nodes are 3‐level energy heterogeneous sensor nodes. The selection of cluster head (CH) is optimized through ROATSA by considering profile index of each node by evaluating them at energy, distance, load balancing, node density, the delay involved, and network's average energy. The proposed work ROTEE shows supreme performance against the recently proposed clustering techniques.
Squid‐like soft heat pipe for multiple heat transport
Authors: Kang Zhanxiao , Jiang Shoukun , Hong Yang , Fan Jintu
Published: October 2022

Soft heat pipes are vital in many applications. Inspired by the structure of a squid, we proposed a squid‐like soft heat pipe with multiple heat transport branches that has excellent flexibility and outstanding thermal performance. Each branch could transport heat to different locations for multiple heating or cooling applications. The proposed soft heat pipe worked as a pulsating heat pipe with a unidirectional flow of liquid slugs and vapor bubbles. Its thermal performance was investigated at different heating temperatures, bending angles, and inclination angles. The result showed that the highest equivalent thermal conductivity of the squid‐like soft heat pipe could be up to 6750 W/(m · K), almost 17 times that of copper. Besides, the bending angle had little effect on its thermal performance, with the equivalent thermal conductivity reducing 10%–13% when the heat pipe was bent from 0° to 90°. The thermal performance of the soft heat pipe was affected by the inclination angle, with the equivalent thermal conductivity reducing 20%–25% as the inclination angle was reduced from 90° to 30°. The proposed soft heat pipe is scalable by increasing the tube length and branches. It has many promising applications like waste heat recovery, electronic device cooling, personal thermal management, and renewable energy harvesting.
Study on coffee flavour of various pour‐over brews
Authors: Chen Chien‐Li , Kuo Yu‐Hsuan , Fang Mingchih
Published: October 2022

Coffee filters and drippers advertised with various functions such as balanced flavour, sweeter taste and plentiful coffee scene are popular options for hand‐brewed coffee lovers. This study investigated the flavour of filtered coffee brewed by various coffee filters including Hario V60 filter, Kalita filter, flannel cloth filter and stainless‐steel (screen) filter based on the physical and chemical properties of the beverages. The results showed that the extraction time of V60 and flannel cloth filter were shorter. Kalita filter offered longer extraction time and obtained the highest amount of chlorogenic acids than other drippers. In the volatile profiles of aroma compounds, flannel cloth and stainless‐steel filters obtained higher total volatile compounds that may due to less volatiles were absorbed by filter material compared with paper filters, V60 and Kalita. Combined physical and chemical data among four extraction methods, partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was able to separate samples into approximate four clusters. 2‐Acetylfuran and 3‐methyl‐phenol were found fluctuated wildly among samples and would be important factors for the differentiation of pour‐over coffee. This study suggested that the four coffees brewed by different filters have their own characteristic aroma profiles and did show their differences based on the chemical compositions caused by dripping speed and the interactions with filters.
Production and characterization of nondairy gluten‐free fermented beverage based on buckwheat and lentil
Authors: Mousavi Mir‐Hossein , Gharekhani Mehdi , Alirezalu Kazem , Roufegarinejad Leila , Azadmard‐Damirchi Sodeif
Published: October 2022

The present study aimed to optimize the formulation of buckwheat/lentil gluten‐free beverages fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Physicochemical parameters of 14 different beverages, such as pH, acidity, total solids, ash, total phenol content, antioxidant activity, and sensory test, were assessed after 24 h of fermentation. The results showed that the numbers of viable cells of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria on the first day of the experiment were 9.9 and 9.6 log (CFU ml−1), respectively, which were over 9 log (CFU ml−1). During 24 h from the fermentation, the number of viable cells for all beverages decreased, which reached an average probiotic count of 8.81 log (CFU ml−1) that was statistically significantly different from the probiotic count before fermentation (p < .05). Cell viability was evaluated and shelf life was estimated during 15‐day refrigerated storage. At the end of the storage (15th day), the beverages contained an average of 8.4 log (CFU ml−1) of live lactobacilli cells and 7.8 log (CFU ml−1) of viable bifidobacterial cells. The optimized levels of independent factors for sprouted buckwheat and lentil flours were 51.96% and 48.04%, respectively. The optimized probiotic beverage was contained 0.25 (% lactic acid) acidity, 5.7 pH, 7.9% total solids, 0.4% ash, 41.02% DPPH, 26.96 (mg GAE/ml) phenol compounds, and 8.65 log (CFU ml−1) probiotic count. The optimized beverage had distinct organoleptic properties on day 15 of refrigerated storage. This study showed that Bifidobacterium bifidum can be used for the development of potentially probiotic beverage with sprouted buckwheat and lentil.
Profiling of cell‐free DNA methylation and histone signatures in pediatric NAFLD: A pilot study
Authors: Buzova Diana , Braghini Maria Rita , Bianco Salvatore Daniele , Lo Re Oriana , Raffaele Marco , Frohlich Jan , Kisheva Antoniya , Crudele Annalisa , Mosca Antonella , Sartorelli Maria Rita , Balsano Clara , Cerveny Jan , Mazza Tommaso , Alisi Anna , Vinciguerra Manlio
Published: October 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in children and adolescents, increasing the risk of its progression toward nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and cancer. There is an urgent need for noninvasive early diagnostic and prognostic tools such as epigenetic marks (epimarks), which would replace liver biopsy in the future. We used plasma samples from 67 children with biopsy‐proven NAFLD, and as controls we used samples from 20 children negative for steatosis by ultrasound. All patients were genotyped for patatin‐like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3), transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2), membrane bound O‐acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7), and klotho‐β (KLB) gene variants, and data on anthropometric and biochemical parameters were collected. Furthermore, plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) methylation was quantified using a commercially available kit, and ImageStream(X) was used for the detection of free circulating histone complexes and variants. We found a significant enrichment of the levels of histone macroH2A1.2 in the plasma of children with NAFLD compared to controls, and a strong correlation between cfDNA methylation levels and NASH. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that combination of cfDNA methylation, PNPLA3 rs738409 variant, coupled with either high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol or alanine aminotransferase levels can strongly predict the progression of pediatric NAFLD to NASH with area under the curve >0.87. Conclusion: Our pilot study combined epimarks and genetic and metabolic markers for a robust risk assessment of NAFLD development and progression in children, offering a promising noninvasive tool for the consistent diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric NAFLD. Further studies are necessary to identify their pathogenic origin and function.
Strong signals in HR management: How the configuration and strength of an HR system explain the variability in HR attributions
Authors: Meier‐Barthold Madleen , Biemann Torsten , Alfes Kerstin
Published: October 2022

In explaining the effectiveness of a human resource (HR) system within an organization, scholars have turned their attention to HR attributions, which capture employees' perceptions about the intentions behind their organization's HR practices, and have demonstrated that an HR system's content and process of communication drive employees to form specific HR attributions. However, current research has not yet explained why HR attributions differ among employees. We investigate the variability in HR attributions among individuals and the organizational factors that influence this variability. Using signaling theory and the concept of situational strength, we argue that employees' HR attributions vary less when signals sent by HR management are unambiguous and the conveyed information is consistent. Using an online scenario‐based experiment with 760 participants, our findings reveal that the configuration and the strength of an HR system as well as their combination have significant effects on the variability in HR attributions among employees, and these effects differ for the different HR attributions.
Bioconvective Casson nanofluid flow toward stagnation point in non‐Darcy porous medium with buoyancy effects, chemical reaction, and thermal radiation
Authors: Sangeetha Ekambaram , De Poulomi
Published: October 2022

The emphasis on non‐Newtonian fluid encountered in biomedical, pharmaceuticals, mining, food, chemical, and plastics industries and in noticeably enormous diverse industrial applications influenced this article. This study is accomplished in a non‐Darcy porous stretching surface to investigate the stagnation point of bioconvective Casson nanofluid. Chemical reaction, applied consistent magnetic field, radiative heat transfer, and buoyancy force consequences are studied for numerical examination. Composed of nonlinear partial differential equations for the above presumptions and reforming them into ordinary differential equations by means of compatible transformations are enforced. Adopting the fifth order Runge–Kutta Felhberg method with the shooting technique obtained a numerical solution. Obtained solutions are authenticated by comparing previous solutions. The major finding includes the reduction of the Casson parameter on the skin friction coefficient.
Maternal mid‐upper arm circumference to predict small for gestational age: Findings in a Zambian cohort
Authors: Appiagyei Ashley , Vwalika Bellington , Spelke M. Bridget , Conner Madelyn G. , Mabula‐Bwalya Chileshe M. , Kasaro Margaret P. , Honart Anne West , Kumwenda Andrew , Stringer Elizabeth M. , Stringer Jeffrey S. A. , Price Joan T.
Published: October 2022

Objective

To compare the performance of mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and body mass index (BMI) for prediction of small for gestational age (SGA) in Zambia.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of an ongoing clinical cohort that included women with a single gestation and MUAC measured before 24 weeks of pregnancy. We assessed relationships between maternal MUAC and birth weight centile using regression. The performance of MUAC and BMI to predict SGA was compared using receiver operating characteristic curves and the effect of maternal HIV was investigated in sub‐group analyses.

Results

Of 1117 participants, 847 (75%) were HIV‐negative (HIV−) and 270 (24%) were HIV‐positive (HIV+). Seventy‐four (7%) delivered severe SGA infants (<3rd centile), of whom 56 (76%) were HIV− and 18 (24%) were HIV+ (odds ratio [OR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58–1.75). MUAC was associated with higher birth weight centile (+1.2 centile points, 95% CI 0.7–1.6; P < 0.001); this relationship was stronger among HIV+ women (+1.7 centile points, 95% CI 0.8–2.6; P < 0.001) than HIV− women (+0.9 centile points, 95% CI 0.4–1.4; P = 0.001). The discriminatory power was similar, albeit poor (area under the curve [AUC] < 0.7), between MUAC and BMI for the prediction of SGA. In stratified analysis, MUAC and BMI showed excellent discrimination predicting severe SGA among HIV+ (AUC 0.83 and 0.81, respectively) but not among HIV− women (AUC 0.64 and 0.63, respectively).

Conclusion

Maternal HIV infection increased the discrimination of both early pregnancy MUAC and BMI for prediction of severe SGA in Zambia.

Clinical Trial Number

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02738892).
Combined effects of age and endometriosis on ovarian reserve in women with infertility
Authors: Feferkorn Ido , Suarthana Eva , Kigloo Hormoz Nassiri , Abow‐Mohamed Ikram , Golyari Yasna , Tulandi Togas
Published: October 2022

Objective

To evaluate the combined effects of age and endometriosis on ovarian reserve in women with infertility.

Methods

We conducted a cross‐sectional study using an institutional database. Women with sonographic, laparoscopic, or histologic evidence of endometriosis were defined as the study group and the remaining women served as a control group. We evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics of the groups as a whole and stratified the patients into those aged 35 years or older and those younger than 35 years at the time of ovarian reserve testing.

Results

Of a total of 656 women included in the final analysis, 71 women had a diagnosis of endometriosis. When compared with women without endometriosis, the median anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicular count (AFC) values were significantly lower in the group of women with endometriosis—median 2.1 ng/ml (interquartile range [IQR] 1.1–3.9) versus 1.2 ng/ml (IQR 0.6–2.4; P < 0.001) for AMH and 14 follicles (IQR 8–23) versus 7 follicles (IQR 5–14; P < 0.001) for AFC. When stratified into two age groups the association between a lower AFC and endometriosis remained significant for both age groups whereas the association between a lower AMH and endometriosis was significant only for the group of women aged 35 years oor older.

Conclusion

Our study highlights a detrimental effect by endometriosis and an age enhancement effect of endometriosis on ovarian reserve.
Evaluation of sexual violence among lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual Hispanic women living in Puerto Rico
Authors: García‐Crescioni Keyla , Frontera‐Hernández Mariana , Roura‐Monllor Jaime , Romaguera Josefina
Published: October 2022

Objective

To investigate the association between sexual orientation and sexual violence in Hispanic women living in Puerto Rico.

Methods

Secondary data analysis of a cross‐sectional study. An anonymous web‐based questionnaire was distributed in Puerto Rico between February and April 2016. Variables included history of sexual violence, sexual orientation, and age of first sexual experiences. Data were analyzed using χ2 testing and a P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Sociodemographic characteristics were similar between groups except for age in the 476 participants. The most common age of first sexual experiences was between 7 and 12 years, 13–18 years for penile vaginal and oral sex, and 22–29 years for penile anal sex in the overall population of the study. These did not differ except that more bisexual women 40 (71.4%) had their first oral sex experience at 13–18 years compared with 164 (50.7%) heterosexual and 35 (55.2%) lesbian women (P = 0.045). Of the 19.2% of participants who reported sexual violence, there were 50 (18.4%) heterosexual, 8 (12.2%) lesbian, and 17 (34.7%) bisexual women. Bisexual women were more likely to disclose sexual violence (P = 0.007).

Conclusion

Most women stated having a sexual experience at a young age. Significant proportions reported sexual violence with bisexual women being the most likely. Screening for sexual violence must be routinely performed by health professionals.
Adaptation of cardiomyogenesis to the generation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Martyniak Alicja , Jeż Mateusz , Dulak Józef , Stępniewski Jacek
Published: October 2022

The advent of methods for efficient generation and cardiac differentiation of pluripotent stem cells opened new avenues for disease modelling, drug testing, and cell therapies of the heart. However, cardiomyocytes (CM) obtained from such cells demonstrate an immature, foetal‐like phenotype that involves spontaneous contractions, irregular morphology, expression of embryonic isoforms of sarcomere components, and low level of ion channels. These and other features may affect cellular response to putative therapeutic compounds and the efficient integration into the host myocardium after in vivo delivery. Therefore, novel strategies to increase the maturity of pluripotent stem cell‐derived CM are of utmost importance. Several approaches have already been developed relying on molecular changes that occur during foetal and postnatal maturation of the heart, its electromechanical activity, and the cellular composition. As a better understanding of these determinants may facilitate the generation of efficient protocols for in vitro acquisition of an adult‐like phenotype by immature CM, this review summarizes the most important molecular factors that govern CM during embryonic development, postnatal changes that trigger heart maturation, as well as protocols that are currently used to generate mature pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes.
Exploring the role of medical imaging assistants in Australian medical imaging departments: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Pinson Jo‐Anne , King Olivia A. , Dennett Amy M. , Davis Annette , Williams Cylie M. , Snowdon David A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Allied health assistants are support staff who assist medical imaging professionals in their clinical and non‐clinical role. Assistants can improve efficiency of medical imaging services; however, little is known about the specific tasks they perform.

Method

A two‐phase explanatory, sequential mixed‐methods study design comprising a time motion survey and qualitative interviews was conducted across three health services in Victoria, Australia. Participants were medical imaging assistants supporting medical imaging professionals. Participants recorded tasks completed on a time motion proforma across two working days. Time spent on tasks was categorised into patient related and non‐patient related tasks. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted to explore assistants' perspectives about tasks, their roles and any responsibilities. Time motion data was descriptively analysed. Qualitative data were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the framework analysis method. Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated using data triangulation.

Results

Four medical imaging assistants participated, providing 4170 min of time motion data and 138 min of interview data. Integration of time motion and interview data revealed the medical imaging assistant role is predominantly non‐patient facing; autonomous and critical to workflow; diverse and requires flexibility; has the potential to expand into a more patient‐facing role.

Conclusions

Medical imaging assistants make significant contributions to workflow management. Their role is predominantly non‐patient facing but there appear opportunities for the clinical role to expand. Realizing these opportunities will require careful consideration of the challenges and benefits of extending their scope of practice.
Metformin improves tendon degeneration by blocking translocation of HMGB1 and suppressing tendon inflammation and senescence in aging mice
Authors: Zhang Jianying , Brown Roshawn , Hogan MaCalus V. , Onishi Kentaro , Wang James H.‐C.
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to characterize aging‐induced tendinopathy in mouse Achilles tendon and also to assess the treatment effects of metformin (Met) on aging tendon. We showed that compared to young tendon, aging tendon was in an inflammatory and senescent state as shown by increased expression of inflammatory disulfide HMGB1 (dsHMGB1), inflammatory macrophage marker CD68, and senescent cell markers SA‐β‐gal, p53, and p16. Moreover, aging tendon was degenerated marked by accumulation of proteoglycans and lipids in its interior. However, treatment of aging tendon by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of Met, a specific inhibitor of HMGB1, reduced dsHMGB1 levels, decreased the expression of CD68, SA‐β‐gal, CCN1, and p16 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Met treatment also increased the number of NS, SSEA‐1, and CD73 positive stem cells in culture and improved the tendon structure in aging mouse. These findings of this study indicate that Met exerts anti‐inflammatory and anti‐senescent effects on aging tendon.