bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Anthelminthic Efficacy of Aqueous Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Extracts against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep
Authors: Castagna Fabio , Britti Domenico , Oliverio Manuela , Bosco Antonio , Bonacci Sonia , Iriti Giuseppe , Ragusa Monica , Musolino Vincenzo , Rinaldi Laura , Palma Ernesto , Musella Vincenzo
Published: December 2020

The worldwide increased difficulty to counteract gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection in sheep, due to progressing anthelmintic resistance, has led to the evaluation of other alternative helminth control options, mainly from plants. The anthelmintic efficacy of an aqueous Punica granatum macerate was evaluated in sheep naturally infected by GIN in southern Italy. The macerate was chemically characterized by chromatographic analysis coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) and an aliquot was concentrated to obtain a dry extract. A part was characterized, the remaining washed with methanol to obtain an insoluble residue and methanol phase. In the methanol fraction, the quantitatively predominant gallic acid was purified to obtain the pure molecule. The three fractions thus obtained were used for in vitro studies (i.e., egg hatch test) to verify anthelmintic efficacy. For this purpose, fecal samples were collected from sheep naturally infected by GINs. Fractions were diluted in H2O/DMSO 0.5% at 1.00, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.05, and 0.005 mg/mL concentrations. Thiabendazole (0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL) and deionized water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Egg hatch test results indicated that all fractions caused a significant (p < 0.05) egg hatch inhibition within 48 h of exposure highlighting a high (>82%) efficacy in vitro at all tested doses. Maximal egg hatching inhibition effect was exhibited by the methanol fraction (99.3% and 89.3% at 1 and 0.005 mg/mL concentrations), followed by the insoluble residue and gallic acid (94.7% and 85.3% and 94.0% and 82.7% at 1 and 0.005 mg/mL, respectively). The current study validated the anthelmintic potential of traditional P. granatum macerate against GIN infection in sheep, thus highlighting the role of gallic acid as principal component and justifying a need to undertake further in vivo studies on these ethno-veterinary remedies.
The Effect of Different Extraction Protocols on Brassica oleracea var. acephala Antioxidant Activity, Bioactive Compounds, and Sugar Profile
Authors: Major Nikola , Prekalj Bernard , Perković Josipa , Ban Dean , Užila Zoran , Ban Smiljana
Published: December 2020

The extraction of glucosinolates in boiling aqueous methanol from freeze dried leaf tissues is the most common method for myrosinase inactivation but can be hazardous because of methanol toxicity. Although freeze drying is the best dehydration method in terms of nutritional quality preservation, the main drawbacks are a limited sample quantity that can be processed simultaneously, a long processing time, and high energy consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of applying high temperature for myrosinase inactivation via hot air drying prior to the extraction step, as well as the effects of cold aqueous methanol extraction on total antioxidant activity, total glucosinolates, total phenolic content, and sugar profile in 36 landraces of kale. The results from our study indicate that cold aqueous methanol can be used instead of boiling aqueous methanol with no adverse effects on total glucosinolate content. Our results also show that hot air drying, compared to freeze drying, followed by cold extraction has an adverse effect on antioxidant activity measured by DPPH radical scavenging, total glucosinolate content, as well as on the content of all investigated sugars.
Recent Progress in Isotropic Magnetorheological Elastomers and Their Properties: A Review
Authors: Arslan Hafeez Muhammad , Usman Muhammad , Umer Malik Adeel , Hanif Asad
Published: December 2020

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are magneto-sensitive smart materials, widely used in various applications, i.e., construction, automotive, electrics, electronics, medical, minimally invasive surgery, and robotics. Such a wide field of applications is due to their superior properties, including morphological, dynamic mechanical, magnetorheological, thermal, friction and wear, and complex torsional properties. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in isotropic MREs, with the main focus on their properties. We first present the background and introduction of the isotropic MREs. Then, the preparation of filler particles, fabrication methods of isotropic MREs, and key parameters of the fabrication process—including types of polymer matrices and filler particles, filler particles size and volume fraction, additives, curing time/temperature, and magnetic field strength—are discussed in a separate section. Additionally, the properties of various isotropic MREs, under specific magnetic field strength and tensile, compressive, or shear loading conditions, are reviewed in detail. The current review concludes with a summary of the properties of isotropic MREs, highlights unexplored research areas in isotropic MREs, and provides an outlook of the future opportunities of this innovative field.
An Analysis of the Casting Polymer Mold Wear Manufactured Using PolyJet Method Based on the Measurement of the Surface Topography
Authors: Turek Paweł , Budzik Grzegorz , Sęp Jarosław , Oleksy Mariusz , Józwik Jerzy , Przeszłowski Łukasz , Paszkiewicz Andrzej , Kochmański Łukasz , Żelechowski Damian
Published: December 2020

An important factor having an impact on the condition of machine parts is their surface topography. For instance, in the production of a molded element in casting or injection molding processes, the surface topography of the molding cavity has a significant impact on the surface condition of the product. An analysis of the wear of a mold made with the PolyJet technique was performed in this work, and we examined the surface topography using the stylus method after casting a wax model of the turbine blade. The surface topographies showed a gradual degradation of the mold cavity surface. After the manufacture of 40 castings, there was a significant deformation of the microstructure of the mold cavity. The maximum height value (Sz) parameter had the most dynamic change from 18.980 to 27.920 μm. Its growth dynamics are mainly influenced by maximum peak height (Sp) rather than the maximum pit height (Sv) parameter. In the case of the root mean square height (Sq) and arithmetic mean height (Sa), their gradual increases can be seen from 2.578 to 3.599 μm and from 2.038 to 2.746 μm. In the case of the value of the skewness (Ssk) parameter, a small positive skew was observed. As for the kurtosis (Sku) values, the distributions are clearly leptokurtic.
Characterization and Morphology of Natural Dung Polymer for Potential Industrial Application as Bio-Based Fillers
Authors: Fasake Vinayak , Dashora Kavya
Published: December 2020

The modern-day paper industry is highly capital-intensive industries in the core sector. Though there are several uses of paper for currency, packaging, education, information, communication, trade and hygiene, the flip side of this industry is the impact on the forest resources and other ecosystems which leads to increasing pollution in water and air, influencing several local communities. In the present paper, the authors have tried to explore potential and alternate source of industrial pulp through ruminant animal dung, which is widely available as a rural resource in India. Three types of undigested animal dung fibers from Indigenous cow (IDF), Jersey cow (JDF), and Buffalo (BDF) were taken. Wheat straw (WS) was the main diet of all animals. The cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content for all animal dung samples were found in a range of (29–31.50%), (21–23.50%), and (11–13%), respectively. The abundant holocellulose and low lignin contents are suitable for handmade pulp and paper. Surface characteristics of fodder (WS) and all dung fibers have been investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). To increase paper production without damaging forest cover, it is essential to explore unconventional natural resources, such as dung fiber, which have the huge potential to produce pulp and paper, reinforcement components, etc.
Combining Sanitary Inspection and Water Quality Data in Western Uganda: Lessons Learned from a Field Trial of Original and Revised Sanitary Inspection Forms
Authors: Daniel D. , Gaicugi Josphine , King Richard , Marks Sara J. , Ferrero Giuliana
Published: December 2020

Risk assessment for drinking water systems combines sanitary inspections (SI) and water quality testing and is critical for effectively managing the safety of these systems. SI forms consist of question sets relating to the presence of potential sources and pathways of contamination specific to different types of water points, piped distribution systems, and household collection and storage practices. As part of the revision to the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (GDWQ), the World Health Organization (WHO) is updating the suite of SI forms to reflect and include the most recent technical and scientific information available. This paper reports the results from a field pilot of a selection of published and revised SI forms and water quality testing in the municipality of Bushenyi-Ishaka, Uganda. We collected data from 45 springs, 61 taps from piped distribution systems, and 129 household storage containers filled with water from those springs and taps. The median total risk scores, according to the revised forms, for spring, tap, and household practices were 36, 53, and 33%, respectively, with higher percentages indicating greater risk. The median Escherichia coli concentrations of spring, tap, and household storage systems were 17, <1, and 7 CFU/100 mL, respectively. We found that increased questioning in the revised SI forms do not necessarily translate to a higher total risk. There is potential for misinterpretation of terminology in the revised SI forms and occasional redundancy of concepts. For the revised SI form for springs, we suggest specific text changes to reduce potential bias. We recommend that users of SI forms receive training in their use and be familiar with their locale. Furthermore, the revised SI forms may need to be adapted in accordance with the local context.
Simulation of Nanopore Sequencing Signals Based on BiGRU
Authors: Chen Weigang , Zhang Peng , Song Lifu , Yang Jinsheng , Han Changcai
Published: December 2020

Oxford Nanopore sequencing is an important sequencing technology, which reads the nucleotide sequence by detecting the electrical current signal changes when DNA molecule is forced to pass through a biological nanopore. The research on signal simulation of nanopore sequencing is highly desirable for method developments of nanopore sequencing applications. To improve the simulation accuracy, we propose a novel signal simulation method based on Bi-directional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRU). In this method, the signal processing model based on BiGRU is built to replace the traditional low-pass filter to post-process the ground-truth signal calculated by the input nucleotide sequence and nanopore sequencing pore model. Gaussian noise is then added to the filtered signal to generate the final simulated signal. This method can accurately model the relation between ground-truth signal and real-world sequencing signal through experimental sequencing data. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method utilizing the powerful learning ability of the neural network can generate the simulated signal that is closer to the real-world sequencing signal in the time and frequency domains than the existing simulation method.
Feasibility of Laser Communication Beacon Light Compressed Sensing
Authors: Wang Zhen , Gao Shijie , Sheng Lei
Published: December 2020

The Compressed Sensing (CS) camera can compress images in real time without consuming computing resources. Applying CS theory in the Laser Communication (LC) system can minimize the assumed transmission bandwidth (normally from a satellite to a ground station) and minimize the storage costs of beacon light-spot images; this can save more than ten times the typical bandwidth or storage space. However, the CS compressive process affects the light-spot tracking and key parameters in the images. In this study, we quantitatively explored the feasibility of the CS technique to capture light-spots in LC systems. We redesigned the measurement matrix to adapt to the requirement of light-tracking. We established a succinct structured deep network, the Compressed Sensing Denoising Center Net (CSD-Center Net) for denoising tracking computation from compressed image information. A series of simulations was made to test the performance of information preservation in beacon light spot image storage. With the consideration of CS ratio and application scenarios, coupled with CSD-Center Net and standard centroid, CS can achieve the tracking function well. The information preserved in compressed information correlates with the CS ratio; higher CS ratio can preserve more details. In fact, when the data rate is up than 10%, the accuracy could meet the requirements what we need in most application scenarios.
Unconditional Quantile Regression Approach: Effects of Education on Housework Time in the US and Japan
Authors: Kolpashnikova Kamila , Kan Man-Yee
Published: December 2020

We compare the association between educational attainment and housework participation among single and married women in Japan and the US. Using the cross-sectional time-use diaries from the 2006 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the 2006 Japanese Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (STULA) and unconditional quantile regressions (UQR), we test whether educational attainment is associated with less time spent on housework in Japan compared to the US. We find that this assumption stands only for American women and non-married Japanese women. However, married Japanese women are unlikely to reduce participation in housework with an increase in their educational level. Married Japanese women are more likely to do more housework proportionately to the level of their education. The findings reveal the presence of a marriage penalty among highly educated Japanese women. In Japan, the institute of marriage places higher expectations regarding women’s housework participation on married women with higher levels of education, thereby penalising Japanese women with higher educational attainments. Our findings illustrate that the tenets of the resource-based and gender-centred frameworks developed based on the empirical findings in Western countries cannot always directly apply to the patterns observed in East Asia.
Evaluation of the Impact of Climate Change on Runoff Generation in an Andean Glacier Watershed
Authors: Escanilla-Minchel Rossana , Alcayaga Hernán , Soto-Alvarez Marco , Kinnard Christophe , Urrutia Roberto
Published: December 2020

Excluding Antarctica and Greenland, 3.8% of the world’s glacier area is concentrated in Chile. The country has been strongly affected by the mega drought, which affects the south-central area and has produced an increase in dependence on water resources from snow and glacier melting in dry periods. Recent climate change has led to an elevation of the zero-degree isotherm, a decrease in solid-state precipitation amounts and an accelerated loss of glacier and snow storage in the Chilean Andes. This situation calls for a better understanding of future water discharge in Andean headwater catchments in order to improve water resources management in glacier-fed populated areas. The present study uses hydrological modeling to characterize the hydrological processes occurring in a glacio-nival watershed of the central Andes and to examine the impact of different climate change scenarios on discharge. The study site is the upper sub-watershed of the Tinguiririca River (area: 141 km2), of which nearly 20% is covered by Universidad Glacier. The semi-distributed Snowmelt Runoff Model + Glacier (SRM+G) was forced with local meteorological data to simulate catchment runoff. The model was calibrated on even years and validated on odd years during the 2008–2014 period and found to correctly reproduce daily runoff. The model was then forced with downscaled ensemble projected precipitation and temperature series under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, and the glacier adjusted using a volume-area scaling relationship. The results obtained for 2050 indicate a decrease in mean annual discharge (MAD) of 18.1% for the lowest emission scenario and 43.3% for the most pessimistic emission scenario, while for 2100 the MAD decreases by 31.4 and 54.2%, respectively, for each emission scenario. Results show that decreasing precipitation lead to reduced rainfall and snowmelt contributions to discharge. Glacier melt thus partly buffers the drying climate trend, but our results show that the peak water occurs near 2040, after which glacier depletion leads to reducing discharge, threatening the long-term water resource availability in this region.
An Integrated Use of GIS, Geostatistical and Map Overlay Techniques for Spatio-Temporal Variability Analysis of Groundwater Quality and Level in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, South Asia
Authors: Shahzad Huzaifa , Farid Hafiz Umar , Khan Zahid Mahmood , Anjum Muhammad Naveed , Ahmad Ijaz , Chen Xi , Sakindar Perviaz , Mubeen Muhammad , Ahmad Matlob , Gulakhmadov Aminjon
Published: December 2020

The rapidly changing climatic scenario is demanding periodic evaluation of groundwater quality at the temporal and spatial scale in any region for its effectual management. The statistical, geographic information system (GIS), geostatistical, and map overlay approaches were applied for investigating the spatio-temporal variation in groundwater quality and level data of 242 monitoring wells in Punjab, Pakistan during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of the years 2015 and 2016. The analysis indicated the higher variation in data for both the seasons (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon) as coefficient of variation (CV) values were found in the range of 84–175% for groundwater quality parameters. Based on the t-test values, the marginal improvement in groundwater electrical conductivity (EC), sodium absorption ratio (SAR) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and decrease in groundwater level (GWL) were observed in 2016 as compared to 2015 (p = 0.05). The spatial distribution analysis of groundwater EC, SAR and RSC indicated that the groundwater quality was unfit for irrigation in the lower south-east part of the study area. The groundwater level (GWL) was also higher in that part of the study area during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in 2015 and 2016. The overlay analysis also indicated that the groundwater EC, RSC and GWL values were higher in south-east parts of the study area during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of 2015 and 2016. Hence, there is an instant need to apply groundwater management practices in the rest of the region (especially in the lower south-east part) to overcome the future degradation of groundwater quality.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Dan Pendidikan Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Sumartini Emi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan, dan latar belakang pendidikan dewan komisaris terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Metode regresi diterapkan pada laporan tahunan perusahaan sektor manufaktur selama tahun 2016-2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur modal yang diukur dengan debt to equity ratio dan latar belakang pendidikan dewan komisaris tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Ukuran perusahaan yang diukur dengan total penjualan berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT Huawei Tech Investment
Authors: Jaenudin Jaenudin, , Putra Firlana Whydia , Desilfa Fanesya , Ahmaddien Iskandar
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, motivation, and work discipline on performance at PT. Huawei Tech Investment. There are negative factors that reduce the performance of employees of PT. Huawei Tech Investment, including decreased employee desire to achieve work performance, lack of timeliness in completing work so that they do not comply with regulations, influence that comes from their environment, coworkers who also decline in enthusiasm and there are no examples that should be used as a reference in achieving work performance. well. This research method uses a quantitative approach method. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires directly to employees of PT. PT. Huawei Tech Investment uses google form with a sample of 50 people. Using the descriptive analysis method and SEM (Structural Equetion Modeling) research method with PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis with the help of PLS 2.0 software. Based on the results of the analysis of factors that significantly influence employee performance are motivation and work discipline because it is proven in the hypothesis test with the t-statistic greater than the t-table, while the leadership style does not have a significant effect on employee performance.
Pengaruh Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan, Manfaat Dan Risiko Terhadap Minat Menggunakan Uang Elektronik Di Surabaya
Authors: Prasetya Hendra , Putra Scenda Erka
Published: December 2020

The problem examined in this study is whether the perceived ease of use, perceived benefits and perceived risk partially have asignificant effect on the interest in using electronic money in Surabaya. This study aims to determine the significance of the effect of perceived ease to use, perceived benefits and perceived risk of interest in using electronic money in Surabaya. There are three independent variable studied, namely perceived ease to use, perceived benefits and perceived risk. The dependent variable is interest in using. The population is people in Surabaya who know electronic money. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling with criteria at minimal 18 year old and using electronic money. The number sample processed was 94 samples. The analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis testing using t test. The result is that perceived ease of use and perceived benefits partially have a significant positive effect and risk perception has a significant negative effect on interest in using electronic money in Surabaya. The implication is that electronic money issuers should continue to innovate electronic money by increasing or adding service features found in application on smartphones and making their operation easier and opening more places to fill electronic money. Public understanding of electronic money needs to be improved again.
Enfermería y cambio climático: Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Diaz Vásquez Maribel Albertina , Lázaro Alcántara Elaine , Díaz Manchay Rosa Jeuna , Mendez Victoria
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Identificar estudios de enfermería relacionados al cambio climático y la sostenibilidad ambiental en la literatura científica internacional publicada en los últimos diez años. Método: Revisión integrativa de literatura, los datos fueron recogidos en la base de datos PUB MED, PROQUEST, BIREME utilizando como descriptores “Cambio climático”, “Enfermería”, “Desarrollo Sostenible” encontrando 30 artículos. Resultados: Como resultado, emergieron tres dimensiones: Cambio climático y la necesidad de incorporación en los planes de estudio de Enfermería, Medidas de adaptación y mitigación ante el cambio climático, Efectos en la salud y desastres provocados por el cambio climático. Conclusión: El cambio climático es el problema ambiental más grave, la necesidad de abordarlo en cuanto a sus efectos en la salud, atención de desastres, además de medidas de mitigación buscando la sostenibilidad ambiental es impostergable para enfermería.
Reforma constitucional de la justicia en materia laboral: ejemplo de omisión legislativa
Authors: Martínez-Martínez Verónica Lidia
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo ofrece una descripción y análisis de las acciones y omisiones normativas que en los ámbitos federal y local han prevalecido en lo referente a dos aspectos centrales de la reforma constitucional en materia de justicia laboral: la etapa de conciliación previa y obligatoria a la interposición del procedimiento laboral correspondiente y la instauración de los tribunales laborales dependientes del poder judicial federal y de los poderes judiciales locales.
Aseguramiento de bienes fideicomitidos y los derechos de las víctimas
Authors: Parellada Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2020

La temática del artículo es un pretexto para mostrar la problemática a la que nos conduce el proceso de constitucionalización del derecho privado que se orienta a darle unidad al ordenamiento jurídico y eficacia a los derechos fundamentales.  Se aborda una fuerte polémica entablada en la República Argentina al introducirse la figura del fideicomiso con una clara intención de aprovechar las bondades del instituto, pero introduciendo una especie de incentivo que terminaba pudiendo hacerlo pesar sobre terceros-víctimas de daños, con grave peligro a sus derechos de propiedad e igualdad. El tema fue superado por el Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación y se analiza la solución coherente con el derecho al resarcimiento de las víctimas que se ha consagrado.  Pero, fundamentalmente, se persigue a través de esta anécdota llamar la atención del legislador y del intérprete acerca de la necesidad de contemplar predominantemente los valores y principios constitucionales en la legislación e interpretación del derecho privado.
El deber de fidelidad entre los cónyuges: daños por incumplimiento en el tratamiento de los Tribunales españoles
Authors: De Amunátegui Rodríguez Cristina
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se analiza el significado actual del deber de fidelidad en el contexto del Código civil español, a la vista de su tratamiento por los tribunales.El establecimiento de un divorcio acausal ha significado un cambio en la valoración de los deberes que incumben a los casados, no asociándose la separación o divorcio con el incumplimiento de los deberes entre ellos, especialmente el de fidelidad.El argumento preferido por el Tribunal Supremo, consistente en negar las pretensiones de daños por infidelidad al existir una consecuencia legal específica para ello como la separación, ha perdido su valor, dejando a los jueces inmersos en una posición de incertidumbre en la que se ha ido abriendo camino una línea de resolución particular que permite el reclamo de indemnizaciones por el hecho de que se oculte al otro cónyuge la verdadera filiación de los hijos concebidos a resultas de la otra relación constante matrimonio.
La autopuesta en peligro de la víctima como factor atenuante de la responsabilidad civil
Authors: Rivero Evia Jorge
Published: December 2020

La autopuesta en peligro de la víctima es una causa de exclusión del delito que ha sido reconocida por tribunales penales de diversas naciones europeas. Esa institución penal se asimiló al derecho civil mexicano a raíz de la interpretación que la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación verificó del artículo 1,100 del Código Civil del Estado de Yucatán. En virtud de ello, la conducta negligente de la persona encargada del cuidado de una menor de edad (quien a su vez realizó una actividad temeraria) incide directamente en el reparto de la responsabilidad civil entre los agentes del daño y la víctima de este. Así, se observa la existencia de vasos comunicantes entre las diversas ramas del derecho
Responsabilidad civil médica y la aplicación de los daños punitivos en México
Authors: Pérez Fuentes Gisela María
Published: December 2020

La responsabilidad civil médica ha transitado por un cambio de paradigma en el Poder Judicial de la Federación, el cual será evaluado en este artículo. El objetivo de este trabajo pretende analizar a través del método de estudio de caso, la estimación de los daños punitivos y la consideración de los mismos en la responsabilidad civil médica, para determinar si coinciden los criterios jurisprudenciales con  el sistema romano germánico que rige en México con ciertas cualidades jurídicas propias del derecho mexicano, y la contradicción de la propia jurisprudencia al negar los daños punitivos en un análisis económico por la imposibilidad de aplicarlo en caso de que el deudor sea una persona jurídica de la administración pública.
Migración internacional de retiro: imaginarios sociales, memoria y cambios en el espacio de Ajijic
Authors: Ceja Bojorge Mariana
Published: December 2020

La generación del Baby Boom está envejeciendo y buena parte de ellos buscan emigrar hacia países del sur global. México es uno de los principales países receptores de esta migración en la región y es que, más allá de sus facilidades económicas y de conectividad, este país ha recibido por casi un siglo a migrantes de este tipo. Actualmente, hay varias colonias extranjeras en este país, entre ellas, Ajijic, Jalisco. Esta investigación se concentra en las experiencias de los locales al convivir con un otro extranjero. A partir de las relaciones que se han establecido entre ambos, se analizan cuáles son los imaginarios sociales que han desarrollado los nativos, así como los cambios en su identidad colectiva y en el espacio. Los resultados están basados en 42 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a extranjeros y locales. Se encuentra que los locales aceptan la presencia extranjera en tanto represente un beneficio económico y que les dé un distintivo identitario. Asimismo, han desarrollado imaginarios que muestran su dependencia económica.
Reforming Indigenous policing: Understanding the context for change
Authors: Ruddell Rick , Kiedrowski John
Published: December 2020

Protests over the policing of Black and Indigenous people and people of Colour that started after the death of George Floyd in May 2020 at the hands of the Minneapolis police set the stage for debates about the role of the Canadian police in ensuring public safety. These protests have resulted in calls for police reforms, including reallocating police funding to other social spending. The public’s attention has focused on urban policing, and there has been comparatively little focus on policing rural Indigenous communities. We address this gap in the literature, arguing that Indigenous policing is distinctively different than what happens in urban areas and the challenges posed in these places are unlike the ones municipal officers confront. We identify ten specific challenges that define the context for Indigenous policing that must be considered before reforms are undertaken. Implications for further research and policy development are identified, including founding a commission to oversee First Nations policing.
The relationship between designer ideas and the reality: a case study on footwear for women with hallux valgus
Authors: Takayama Letícia , Merino Giselle Schmidt Alves Diaz
Published: December 2020

Hallux valgus (HV), also known as a bunion, is a foot deformity that causes pain and motor imbalance. As a conservative treatment, appropriate footwear prevents the aggravation of the deformity. For this, the footwear designers must know the appropriate characteristics of the footwear to develop a product more suitable for the HV. Knowing that some Brazilian footwear companies produce shoes for HV, this paper aims to analyze and correlate the characteristics adequate for the HV shoes between the footwear designers and people related to this product, such as salespeople, women with HV, and orthopedists. Results showed that the divergence of the considered characteristics between the footwear designers’ ideas and the other participants can lead to the project of an ill-fitting shoe. Results also suggest that the inclusion of the salespeople, women with HV, and orthopedists perspectives provide a better understanding of the pathology for the project of an adequate shoe.
The Pros and Cons of “Intelligent Design”
Authors: Poulsom Martin
Published: December 2020

The theories of Darwinian evolution and Intelligent Design appear to be locked in an intractable debate, partly because they offer rival scientific explanations for the phenomenon of descent with modification in biology. This paper analyses the dispute in two ways: firstly, it seeks to clarify the exact nature of the logical flaw that has been alleged to lie at the heart of Intelligent Design theory. Secondly, it proposes that, in spite of this error, the Intelligent Design theory advocated by Michael Behe takes at least one significant step in the right direction. Although Behe's suggestion is promising, it is shown to be not nearly radical enough.
Being a Person and Acting as a Person
Authors: Hołub Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

The article is primarily concerned with the ambiguities which surround the concept of the person. According to the philosophical tradition taking its roots from Locke's definition, personhood depends on consciousness. Therefore, “personhood” can be ascribed to different entities, and only these entities acquire a moral standing. This can entail that a human being may or may not be considered as a person, as well as higher animals and even artificial machines. Everything depends on manifest personal characteristics. In order to sort out different meanings ascribed to “person,” I distinguish between being a person and acting as a person. Then, I show that a human being is a paradigm of the person and his being always precedes his acting.
Tertium non datur? Der Streit zwischen Idealismus und Dogmatismus in Fichtes Versuch einer neuen Darstellung der Wissenschaftslehre
Authors: Machoń Henryk
Published: December 2020

Der Beitrag präsentiert wesentliche Bestandteile von Fichtes Wissenschaftslehre mit einigen kritischen Bemerkungen. Als repräsentatives Beispiel seiner philosophischen Position, die zugleich die Grundlage seines wissenschaftlichen Systems bildet, stellt Fichte den Streit zwischen zwei möglichen philosophischen Systeme dar: dem Idealismus und dem Dogmatismus. In Auseinandersetzung mit dem Dogmatismus findet er die Begründung für die idealistische Position durch die Analyse von Begriffen und Phänomenen wie Erfahrung, Bewusstsein, Erkenntnis und schließlich Freiheit. Die Freiheit, verstanden als eine bewusste Entscheidung, nötigt den Philosophen zur Wahl einer konkreten Form von Philosophie, weil sie davon abhängt, was für ein Mensch man ist.
En quel sens la fiction possède-t-elle une fonction cognitive?
Authors: Grzywacz Robert
Published: December 2020

L'article aborde la question de la fonction cognitive de la fiction. Le dernier terme englobe le langage métaphorique vif aussi bien que ce que l'on appelle «textes». La question considérée implique une théorie générale du discours, présentant celui-ci comme dialectique de l'événement et du sens. La métaphore, en tant qu'innovation sémantique, renvoie à la médiation d'un travail inventif de l'imagination. Le problème qui s'ensuit concerne la référence des énoncés métaphoriques. Le récit, avec sa composition interne, introduit le thème du temps. C'est en lien avec l'expérience temporelle de l'action humaine que le récit de fiction s'entrecroise avec l'historiographie. La notion même de fiction en sort transformée par l'intermédiaire de l'activité heuristique de l'imagination.
Philip G. Zimbardo: The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil
Authors: Salamucha Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

The article reviews the book The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil, by Philip G. Zimbardo.
The Unknown God and His Theophanies: Exodus and Gregory of Nyssa
Authors: Manikowski Maciej
Published: December 2020

The analysis, which aims at the interpretation of the three theophanies from Exodus presents—from the metaphysical and epistemological points of view—three fundamental ideas. First, the idea of the absolute unknowability of the essence of God; second, the idea of the real difference between essence and energies in God’s Being; and third, the idea of the real difference between the one essence, three persons (hypostases) and many uncreated divine energies (the powers or names) of God. One must say that the absolute unknowability of the essence of God means that God is forever the unknown God.
Voilà pourquoi je ne suis pas "ontologue"
Authors: Gilbert Paul
Published: December 2020

The word “ontology” has no meaning outside the context in which it was created. When it was invented, at the beginning of the seventeenth century, the word 'metaphysics' already existed. So the creation of “ontology” had to express a distance with respect to tradition. “Metaphysics” had its roots in Aristotle and his search, his impossible search, for a first principle. This project is taken up again by “ontology” but this time by limiting the Aristotelian intention to the area of univocal formality, while Aristotle had situated himself within the order of dialectical investigation. Current phenomenology tries to re-actualize the Aristotelian intention by emphasizing ontological difference and analogy, while analytic philosophy remains firmly within the tradition of modern ontology.
Today’s Truly Philosophical Philosopher of Religion
Authors: Manolopoulos Mark
Published: December 2020

What does it mean to be a truly philosophical philosopher of religion today? The paper proposes that the thinker of faith should pursue the following passions: (1) a passion for wonder and epistemic openness; (2) the desire for a rationality that exceeds narrow-minded hyper-rationalism; (3) an ecological pathos i.e. loving the earth; (4) a passion for self-development; and (5) thinking and participating in ethical political-economic transformation, a revolutionary passion. And so, today's truly philosophical philosopher of religion would pursue a cognitively rigorous, engaged, and experientially adventurous venture in thinking.
Characterization of a surface plasmon antenna fabricated on a gate-defined lateral quantum dot
Authors: Fukai Rio , Sakai Yuji , Nakagawa Tomohiro , Fujita Takafumi , Kiyama Haruki , Ludwig Arne , Wieck Andreas D. , Oiwa Akira
Published: December 2020

Quantum repeater composed of a quantum memory and an interface between photon qubits and memory qubits is indispensable for long-distance quantum communication. Gate-defined lateral quantum dots (QDs) can be a suitable platform for such quantum repeaters because of its aptitude for spin qubit and feasibility of quantum state transfer from photon polarization to electron spin. So far, the reported photoelectron excitation probabilities in such a QD are not high enough to implement practical repeater protocols. To improve the photoexcitation probability, we combine a surface plasmon antenna (SPA) with QDs. We fabricated a SPA designed to enhance the optical transmission to the QDs in a practical illumination setup in a refrigerator and characterized the fabricated antenna by measuring photocurrents at room temperature.
Self-aligned-TiSi2 bottom contact with APM cleaning and post-annealing for sputtered-MoS2 film
Authors: Igarashi Satoshi , Mochizuki Yusuke , Tanigawa Haruki , Hamada Masaya , Matsuura Kentaro , Muneta Iriya , Kakushima Kuniyuki , Tsutsui Kazuo , Wakabayashi Hitoshi
Published: December 2020

Electrical contact characteristics between self-aligned titanium silicide (TiSi2) and sputtered-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) films were newly demonstrated. In contrast with metal contacts, the surface of the TiSi2 bottom-contact was cleaned by using an ammonia and hydrogen peroxide mixture (APM) before MoS2 deposition, because the TiSi2 film has high oxidation resistance. In order to extract the contact resistance, a transmission line model device was fabricated. A two-order reduction in the contact resistance was achieved by a post-annealing at 650 °C in forming gas ambient (3% H2 in N2). This reduction was attributed to selective titanium diffusion from bottom contact into the MoS2 film. The TiSi2 contact is thus speculated as a candidate for a practical contact material in MoS2 devices.
Optimized femtosecond laser patterning of organic light-emitting diode substrates for the extraction of substrate guided modes
Authors: Lloyd Savanna , Higashimine Koichi , Tanigawa Tatsuya , Murata Hideyuki
Published: December 2020

This work demonstrates the enhancement of the outcoupling efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes via patterning the substrate at the air/glass interface by a femtosecond laser. This patterning technique is completed via a one-step process and thus eliminates the need for complex multi-step fabrication processes, common among outcoupling structures. Comparisons among patterned devices with and without a thick hole injection layer show that intrinsic guided losses can be recovered and extracted into free space, thus achieving an increase in outcoupling efficiency by about 31% and 61%, respectively.
APÓS A MAÇÃ...
Authors: Alfaia Esoshika Amazonita
Published: December 2020

Gordon, Richard. A Assustadora Históda do Sexo.São Paulo: Ediouro. 2002. 367p
Implementasi Augmented Reality Pada Aplikasi HOPE Berbasis Android
Authors: Devi Ihzany Vilia , Suroso Suroso , Nasron Nasron
Published: December 2020

Dalam mempelajari telekomunikasi mahasiswa diwajibkan untuk menguasai alat telekomunikasi yang sering digunakan di laboratorium. Mahalnya alat telekomunikasi menyebabkan mahasiswa harus bergantian dalam mengamati dan mempelajari alat telekomunikasi tersebut. Apabila mahasiswa tidak berhati-hati dalam menggunakan peralatan telekomunikasi milik laboratorium maka kemungkinan peralatan akan cepat rusak sehingga menyebabkan proses belajar mengajar menjadi terganggu. Maka di perlukan aplikasi interaktif yang dapat memberikan pembelajaran baik secara visual maupun auditorial berbasis android yang dapat diakses kapan saja dan dimana saja. Maka pada penelitian ini di rancanglah sebuah aplikasi HOPE yang bermakna “harapan” menggunakan augmented reality berbasis android, Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode Marker Based Tracking menggunakan tiga sumbu utama yakni X, Y, dan Z dengan bantuan titik  koordinat ( 0, 0, 0 ) dan juga virtual secara 3 dimensi. Objek tiga dimensi akan diberi tanda dengan tiga sumbu utama yaitu X, Y, dan Z untuk memuncul objek maya. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menambah ilmu pengetahuan bidang telekomunikasi, dapat meningkatkan minat mahasiswa baru program studi teknik telekomunikasi, mempermudah dosen dalam mengajar, dan mempermudah mahasiswa memahami perangkat telekomunikasi secara mandiri.
PEMISAHAN SUARA MANUSIA BERDASARKAN JENIS KELAMIN MENGGUNAKAN FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM (FFT)
Authors: Kristina Lela Sari , Fitriana Gita Fadila , Prasetiadi Agi
Published: December 2020

Suara merupakan salah satu ciri yang dimiliki oleh manusia. Salah satu kemampuan manusia untuk melakukan identifikasi terhadap seseorang dengan cara melihat dan mendengar. Melalui kemampuan tersebut seseorang dapat membedakan jenis kelamin dengan mudah, berdasarkan kategori fisik dan suara. Suara yang sebelumnya dapat dikenali dengan mudah oleh manusia, untuk saat ini dapat dikenali pula oleh komputer, yang bertujuan untuk memisahkan suara berdasar jenis kelamin. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah megetahui rata-rata error dari objek data yang sudah di inputkan dengan Algoritme yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Fast Fourier Transform. Hasil dari proses implementasi dari Algoritme Fast Fourier Transform menujukan besar atau tidaknya rata-rata error suara yang dipengaruhi tinggi atau rendahnya amplitudo dari suara yang sedang diuji dan dari hasil yang didapatkan rata-rata error amplitudo suara Perempuan lebih rendah dari pada rata-rata error amplitudo suara Laki-laki. Dari  dua sumber suara manusia yang digunakan menghasilkan rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-7 pada suara Perempuan 3 dengan hasil rata-rata error 132.840, sementara pada hasil uji coba yang dilakukan dengan 3 sumber suara menghasil rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-3 pada suara Perempuan 3 dengan hasil rata-rata error 212.976, dan pada empat sumber suara yang digunakan menghasilkan rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-3 pada suara Mela dengan hasil rata-rata error 217.462 .
Komparasi Tujuh Algoritma Identifikasi Fraud ATM Pada PT. Bank Central Asia Tbk
Authors: Sunata Haliem
Published: December 2020

Tingginya penggunaan mesin ATM, sehingga menimbulkan celah fraud yang dapat dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga dalam membantu PT. Bank Central Asia Tbk untuk menjaga mesin ATM agar selalu siap digunakan oleh nasabah. Lambat dan sulitnya mengidentifikasi fraud mesin ATM menjadi salah satu kendala yang dihadapi PT. Bank Central Asia Tbk. Dengan adanya permasalahan tersebut maka peneliti mengumpulkan 5 dataset dan melakukan pre-processing dataset sehingga dapat digunakan untuk pemodelan dan pengujian algoritma, guna menjawab permasalahan yang terjadi. Dilakukan 7 perbandingan algoritma diantaranya decision tree, gradient boosted trees, logistic regression, naive bayes ( kernel ), naive bayes, random forest dan random tree. Setelah dilakukan pemodelan dan pengujian didapatkan hasil bahwa algoritma gradient boosted trees merupakan algoritma terbaik dengan hasil akurasi sebesar 99.85% dan nilai AUC sebesar 1, tingginya hasil algoritma ini disebabkan karena kecocokan setiap attribut yang diuji dengan karakter gradient boosted trees dimana algoritma ini menyimpan dan mengevaluasi hasil yang ada. Maka algoritma gradient boosted trees merupakan penyelesaian dari permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh PT. Bank Central Asia Tbk.
DESAIN DAN PERANCANGAN APLIKASI JEMPUT SAMPAH ONLINE DESA REJOSARI MENGGUNAKAN AGILE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Budiarto Sony Panca , Dedi Mohamad
Published: December 2020

Sampah adalah barang bekas kebutuhan manusia. Sampah membawa dampak buruk bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan. Disadari atau tidak setiap hari terjadi penumpukan sampah organik maupun sampah non-organik. Permasalahan sampah bukan hanya diperkotaan, di Desa Rejosari Kabupaten Banyuwangi, merambahnya toko-toko modern menjual kebutuhan manusia berkemasan plastik, kain, kaleng, botol minuman, besi, kaca dan sebagainya yang tergolong dalam sampah non-organik. Banyaknya lahan kosong, tidak diberdayakannya tempat pembuangan sampah sementara, sampah di buang disembarang tempat kemudian dibakar bahkan sampah dihanyutkan ke sungai. Pengelolaan Sampah harus dilakukan secara komprehensif sejak hulu sampai hilir dimulai dari desa. Penelitian ini direncanakan suatu system penanganan sampah terintegrasi teknologi dan informasi. Dengan aplikasi ini masyarakat dapat menghasilkan uang dengan menjual sampah melalui aplikasi, tidak perlu datang ke bank sampah, akan ada pengepul sampah yang datang untuk membeli sampah mereka. Masyarakat menabung sampah atau menukarkan sampah dengan produk kerajinan atau bahan kebutuhan pokok. Aplikasi menampilkan jenis sampah yang mempunyai nilai jual, produk kerajinan ataupun kebutuhan bahan pokok yang dapat ditukar dengan sampah. Pengepul yang membeli sampah warga wajib menjual atau menabung sampah kepada Bank Sampah. Aplikasi dikembangkan dengan metode Agile Development dengan XP (Extreme Programming). Pengujian menggunakan metode black-box testing, hasilnya sytem berjalan baik sesuai dengan yang direncanakan.