bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR THE SWITCHING VOLTAGE AND GAIN COEFFICIENT OF A CMOS INVERTER WITH NANOCHANNEL 2D TRANSISTORS
Authors: Strikha M. V. , Hurieiev M. D.
Published: December 2024

The study presents an analytical model for the switching voltage and gain factor of a CMOS inverter with 2D nanochannel transistors. The derived expressions enable the modeling of these two fundamental parameters of the device, which serves as the basement for logic elements in contemporary nanoelectronics. The feasibility of creating efficient inverters with a high gain factor based on transistors with channels made of 2D monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides and arrays of carbon nanotubes has been confirmed. It was demonstrated that the gain factor is restricted by the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) effect, which is undesirable for FETs (when DIBL trends to zero the gain factor becomes infinitely large).
FORMATION OF OHMIC CONTACT IN MICROELECTRONIC DEVICES WITH POROUS SURFACE SUBSTRATES
Authors: Lepikh Ya. I. , Doycho I. K. , Balaban A. P.
Published: December 2024

In the technology of instrument-making, in particular the technology of the element base of electronics (hybrid integrated circuits, sensors for various purposes, etc.), which uses ensembles of nanoparticles of semiconductor and other materials in a porous matrix, there are often problems with the formation of ohmic contacts to the specified systems. Especially when materials with a porous surface are used as substrates. And, as is known, the quality of contacts mainly determines the reliability of devices, systems and radio-electronic equipment in general. We have proposed and investigated a new effective method of forming an ohmic contact on substrates with a porous surface, in particular, glass.
REGENERATION ABILITY OF TYPE EXPLANTS P. LAUROCERASUS L. IN VITRO
Authors: Pochka O. V. , Koldar L. A.
Published: December 2024

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the features of the regeneration ability of explants of the species Prunus laurocerasus L. during in vitro cultivation, depending on the type of cutting and the phytohormonal composition of the nutrient media. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the laboratory of microclonal propagation of the National Arboretum "Sofiyivka" of the NAS of Ukraine. The material for the study was non-lignified shoots of the species Prunus laurocerasus L., which were sterilized using 0.1% aqueous solution of HgCl2, 2% aqueous solution of mediocide and 75% solution of NaOCl, after which the plants were planted on hormone-free Murashige-Skoog nutrient media. Results. During the experiment, sterile explants were cultivated on hormone-free nutrient media, and within 6−10 days, the sterility and viability of the explants were determined, the most viable ones were selected and planted on nutrient media with different phytohormones. During the period of cultivation of the explants, their growth and development were monitored. The best morphometric indicators (number of shoots, length and reproduction coefficient) were found in explants cultivated on nutrient medium VI, which were 2.27±0.18; 2.12±0.14; 2.34±0.12, respectively. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it was found that the highest percentage of sterility (83.27%) and viability (89.88%) were explants obtained from the medial part of the shoots after treatment with a 75% solution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with an exposure of six minutes. It was found that the highest regeneration ability (7.12±0.23) was possessed by explants obtained from the medial part of the shoot. On nutrient medium VI, modified by the addition of 0.22196 μm/l 6-BAP and 0.03936 μm/l β-IMC, the number of formed shoots was 6.95±0.19 pcs., and the length was 3.71±0.15 cm.
THE ROLE OF BACILLUS SPP. IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND BIOCONTROL
Authors: Galkin M. B. , Ruzhanskyi B. P.
Published: December 2024

This work aims to explore the potential applications of Bacillus spp. in biological plant control and the promotion of sustainable agriculture, drawing insights from an analysis of literature data. Literature review. Plants that interact with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) exhibit improved growth and enhanced resistance to stress. Among PGPR, Bacillus spp. are widely used in agriculture to boost crop yields and stress tolerance. However, their effectiveness varies under different conditions, emphasizing the need for further research to bridge the gap between laboratory and field results. Species such as Bacillus subtilis enhance nitrogen fixation, facilitate phosphorus mobilization, and increase iron uptake in plants. Additionally, Bacillus spp. produce phytohormones and other compounds that regulate the hormonal balance in plants. These bacteria protect plants from pathogens by producing antimicrobial substances such as lipopeptides and antibiotics. B. subtilis also modulates the expression of plant genes to support colonization. Biofilm formation on plant roots, regulated by quorum sensing, further promotes effective bacterial colonization. Conclusions. Studies on plant-bacteria interactions in the rhizosphere reveal that beneficial bacteria like Bacillus spp. enhance plant growth and resilience through hormone regulation, biofilm formation, modulation of plant immune responses, and improved nutrient availability and stress tolerance. B. subtilis and related species are particularly effective in increasing crop yields and combating plant diseases. Their ability to improve drought and salt tolerance is especially noteworthy, making Bacillus spp. promising candidates for sustainable agriculture.
AN ONYM PORTRAIT OF CHERNIVTSI IN 30-40-IES IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (BASED ON VASYL KOZHELYANKO’S NOVEL “SRIBNYI PAVUK” (“A SILVER SPIDER”)
Authors: Kolesnyk Natalia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In recent decades, Ukrainian onomastics has seen the emergence of an approach that, alongside studying literary onymy as elements of a literary text and defining features of a writer's idiostyle, also considers real onyms recorded in literature as a valuable source for researching the actual onomasticon. This article provides an analysis of the onymic portrait of Chernivtsi in the 1930s and 1940s, based on Vasyl Kozhelyanko’s novel Sribnyi Pavuk (A Silver Spider).
The aim of the study is to describe the onymic portrait of Chernivtsi as an integral element of the city's linguistic image that is based on Kozhelyanko’s novel Sribnyi Pavuk.
The object of the study is a number of real names used in the novel that create the linguistic image of Chernivtsi. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the structure and organisation of the onymic space in the novel as an element of the linguistic landscape of Chernivtsi in the 1930s and 1940s.
Research methods. The purpose of the present paper and the specific character of our data stipulate the use of general scientific methods and approaches (analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, observation, and generalisation). Among the linguistic research methods, the descriptive method is fundamental, preceded by the inventory and classification of the onymic material. Additionally, traditional linguistic methods such as contextual-interpretational analysis and the comparative method are used.
Research results. The use of real proper names in the analyzed novel as markers of a specific territory and its history, the identity of the language communities residing there, their self-perception, and the status of their languages, among other aspects, has been substantiated. It has been shown that the real proper names in the novel, through their complex interconnections and relationships, together with other linguistic elements, shape the text of the city and its linguistic image. Beyond other functions, these names present the onymic space of Chernivtsi as a linguocultural phenomenon, marking a particular territory and reflecting the cultural and historical memory of its people.
Conclusions. Proper names of the novel that are part of the cultural-linguistic matrix of the city, embodiment of its unique language colouring, help to recreate a certain historical context, display the historical dynamics of the city environment, demonstrate the influence of political changes on the linguistic landscape of the city, and show how these changes shape the sociocultural identity of Chernivsi dwellers.
Одеському планетарію – 60 років чи більше?
Authors: Рябов М. І.
Published: December 2024

У 2023 році виповнилося 60 років від часу створення в Одесі Планетарію імені К. Е. Ціолковського, який на протязі 30 років пропрацював у будівлі Свято-Пантелеймонівського подвір’я (приміщенні Одеської духовної семінарії). Однак історія Планетарію в Одесі виявляється набагато тривалішою і має своє продовження й досі. Постараємося викласти цю історію, спираючись на свідчення із засобів масової інформації.
Галілей та науковий метод
Authors: Базєй О. А.
Published: December 2024

Зараз фізику визначають як науку про найбільш загальні закономірності явищ природи. Вперше цей термін запровадив Аристотель у IV столітті до нашої ери. Один із його трактатів так і називався "Фізика". За Аристотелем фізика – це ключ до розуміння світу.
Сучасний науковий підхід до фізичних досліджень починається з робіт італійського вченого Галілео Галілея, який народився 18 лютого 1564 року. Галілей ставить та розвиває науковий експеримент. Треба сказати, що і до Галілея проводилися фізичні експерименти, але вони не відрізнялися від простого життєвого спостереження.
Астероїди, ТНО та планети-карлики
Authors: Кошкін М. І.
Published: December 2024

Астероїдами (малими планетами) Сонячної системи вважаються небесні тіла діаметром від декількох кілометрів до сотень кілометрів, які рухаються навколо Сонця, мають неправильну форму і не мають атмосфери. У астероїдів можуть бути власні супутники. Астероїди об’єднують у групи і сімейства на основі тієї чи іншої подібності їхніх орбіт. Звичайно група отримує назву за іменем першого астероїда, який був виявлений на даній орбіті. Групи – доволі умовні об’єднання, що не передбачають обов’язкового загального батьківського тіла у минулому. Сімейства – більш компактні об’єднання, що утворені у минулому при руйнуванні більш крупних астероїдів при зштовхуванні їх з іншими тілами. Головний пояс астероїдів – область Сонячної системи, розташована між орбітами Марса і Юпітера, що є місцем орбіт більшості астероїдів. Крім головного поясу, орбіти астероїдів зустрічаються у внутрішніх областях Сонячної системи, на орбіті Юпітера і за межами його орбіти.
Проходження комет через перигелій
Authors: Лук’яник І. В.
Published: December 2024

2024 року очікується проходження через перигелій 79 комет: 67 короткоперіодичних (12 – лише вдруге проходитимуть перигелій) та 12 довгоперіодичних. Очікується вісім комет, блиск яких в максимумі перевищить 11m. Відкриття нових комет може змінити статистику. У таблиці 1 наведено комети, проходження яких через перигелій очікується у 2024 році. У таблиці 2 наведено комети, очікуваний блиск яких у 2024 році буде вищий 11m.
Дослідження світу галактик, чи змінять вони наше розуміння Всесвіту?
Authors: Ющенко О. В.
Published: December 2024

Існує два методи вивчення будь-яких явищ природи – збільшення кількості або масштабу подій або явищ, що вивчаються, і вивчення внутрішньої структури кожного досліджуваного зразка. Для того, щоб розширити горизонт, що спостерігається, потрібно піднятися на велику висоту, з якої відкривається вид на більш далекі області. При цьому досягається правильніше розуміння як природи області навколо спостерігача, так самого спостерігача.
Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinde Toplanan Yerel Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Populasyonlarının Yanıklık Hastalığı (Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.) Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Uzun Arslan , Eser Ümit , Düzdemir Oral , Bozoğlu Hatice , Gökalp Sezai
Published: December 2024

Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinde marjinal alanlarda küçük ölçekli işletmelerden toplanan yerel nohut popülasyonlarında yanıklık hastalığına (Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.) karşı tepkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinde yer alan beş ilde (Karabük, Kastamonu, Samsun, Sinop ve Amasya) nohut yetiştirilen alanlardan toplanan 51 adet köy populasyon tohumluğunun tasnifiyle elde edilen 200 adet alt örnek ile 4 adet tescilli çeşit (Azkan, Canıtez, Çağatay ve Gökçe) kullanılmıştır. Çalışma Tokat’ ta Augmented deneme deseninde tarla denemesi koşullarında ve Samsun’da kontrollü sera şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Hastalık gelişimi tarla şartlarında doğal şartalara bırakılırken, kontrollü sera şartlarında suni bulaştırma sağlanmıştır. Tarla şartlarındaki çalışmada; 40 cm x 5 m (sıra arası x sıra uzunluğu) ebatlarındaki parsellerde 1-9 skalasına göre yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda 200 adet alt örnekten; 3 adedinin 1-3 (dayanıklı), 14 adedinin 4-5 (toleranslı), 133 adedinin 6-9 (hassas) değerlerini aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Kontrollü sera şartlarında, viyollerde 1-9 skalasına göre yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda çalışmada dayanıklı ve toleranslı alt popülasyonun olmadığı 2 adet alt popülasyonun orta hassas, 31 alt popülasyonun hassas, geri kalan 167 adet alt popülasyonun ise dayanıksız oldukları saptanmıştır.
EDUCAÇÃO E TICS: desafios contemporâneos no cenário neoliberal
Authors: Fantini Fernanda de Melo Monteiro , Lôbo Daniella Couto
Published: December 2024

Este estudo busca analisar as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) no contexto neoliberal e suas implicações na inclusão digital, na precarização das relações de trabalho e nas políticas públicas voltadas para a democratização tecnológica. Sob essa lógica as TICs são apresentadas como ferramentas para promover eficiência e inclusão social. Esta pesquisa indaga se as tecnologias, em sua aplicação reforçam desigualdades estruturais e servem como instrumento de consolidação das lógicas de mercado. A inclusão digital revela que, o aumento no acesso às tecnologias, as políticas públicas negligenciam aspectos estruturais e qualitativos, como alfabetização digital pode levar a exclusão de populações vulneráveis. No campo do trabalho, as TICs têm intensificado a flexibilização das relações laborais, promovendo condições precarizadas, insegurança econômica e a transferência de riscos, em conformidade com os princípios neoliberais.
A justificação do Sitema de Proteção CEP - Conep frente aos principais desafios de pesquisas com indígenas: uma análise a partir da jusfilosofia de Miguel Reale
Authors: Santos Vanessa Eugênia dos , Carvalho José Maurício de
Published: December 2024

Um dos capítulos importantes da proteção da dignidade do sujeito de pesquisa encontra-se na legislação que ampara as populações indígenas. A razão é que esse grupo é vulnerável e pode ser prejudicado de várias formas, inclusive quando não entende corretamente a finalidade das pesquisas de que participa. O artigo apresenta exemplos de violação do compromisso ético de pesquisadores com indígenas e comenta as razões pelas quais os procedimentos usados devem ser evitados. Trata-se de problema moral aos quais se aplicam discussões normativas e teóricas tendo como pano de fundo a jusfilosofia de Miguel Reale. A referência ética é fundamental nesses casos como resguardo racional de procedimentos utilizados em pesquisas científicas. O artigo se interessa secundariamente pelas implicações ecológicas, tema atual e relevante em face das mudanças climáticas. A justificativa teórica dos procedimentos éticos foi construída a partir das noções de dignidade pessoal e de cultura de Miguel Reale. Para ele, a vida humana é o valor supremo a ser assegurado pelos instrumentos jurídicos e a noção de cultura como expressão de valor vincula-se ao próprio homem que se apresenta como o ser que se caracteriza pelas possibilidades contempladas no seu dever-ser, isto é, porque é um ente que se guia por valores culturalmente estabelecidos sendo ele o criador e a criatura da cultura.
From Vilified Queen to Political Strategist: Re-evaluating the Role and Image of Bona Sforza. The Queen’s 1537 Response to Her Critics
Authors: Von Güttner-Sporzyński Darius
Published: December 2024

This study examines the contrasting historical narratives surrounding Queen Bona Sforza, focusing on her 1537 response to her accusers amidst the noble rebellion. Bona’s tenure as queen consort, notably marked by economic consolidation and assertive political engagement, presents a rich case for examining the dynamics of female leadership in a male-dominated sphere. The significance of this topic lies in its potential to enrich understanding of gender roles, power dynamics, and historical narrative construction within the field ofearly modern European history. Despite considerable scholarship on Bona, there remains a gap in research specifically addressing how her own communications – particularly the 1537 letter to royal secretary Samuel Maciejowski – counter contemporary and later historical portrayals, and what this reveals about gendered perceptions of power and authority. This study aims to interrogate these aspects, posing the question: How does this re-reading of Bona’s self-representation in her response to accusations during the 1537 rebellion illuminate the complexities of female rulership and challenge existing historical narratives? In the epistolary analysis this research adopts a gendered lens to assess the juxtaposition between Bona’s portrayal by contemporaries and her own articulation of her role and actions. The findings reveal that Bona’s communications asserted her competence and dedication to statecraft. This analysis challenges the pejorative characterisations ofthe queen’s actions, suggesting a conscious effort to navigate and contest the gendered constraints imposed upon her rulership. Her management of economic resources, engage-ment in diplomatic and legal affairs, and the cultivation of a narrative of benevolent yet firm governance emerge as key themes. These findings are significant as they contribute to a nuanced understanding of Bona’s leadership, offering insights into the strategies employed by female rulers to assert authority and influence historical narratives. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of examining communion strategies of historical figures to challenge and expand upon established historical interpretations, enriching the discourse on gender, power, and historiography in the early modern period.
„Zła kobieta”. Kobieta występna i kobieta-ofiara w księgach kryminalnych miasta Krakowa w epoce nowożytnej
Authors: Wilczek-Karczewska Magdalena
Published: December 2024

Księgi kryminalne (libri maleficorum) były spisywane w Polsce począwszy od XV w. Stanowią one doskonałe źródło do poznania dawnego prawa karnego, zarówno materialnego, jak i procesowego. W niniejszym artykule źródła te wykorzystano jednakże do poznania historii społecznej, a dokładniej historii kobiet. Skoncentrowano się na „kobietach złych”, które ukazano zarówno w optyce sprawczyni, jak i ofiary przestępstwa. Księgi kryminalne kreują obrazy zabójczyń, dzieciobójczyń, złodziejek, cudzołożnic, ale i kobiet zgwałconych, bitych i mordowanych. Zarysowany obraz jest niejednoznaczny, gdyż nie zawsze znane są motywy ich postępowania. Niemniej kobieta występująca przed sądem (niezależnie od tego, w jakim charakterze – sprawczyni czy ofiary), sui generis była uznawana za tę, którą trzeba ukarać, prawnie lub chociażby moralnie.
Optimization of Parameters for Anthocyanin Extraction from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel
Authors: Gayathri G.R. , Mini C. , Aparna B.
Published: December 2024

Background: Anthocyanin is a natural non-toxic, water soluble and heat sensitive colouring pigment which is abundantly found in nature. Standardization of simple and viable technology for anthocyanin extraction from processing waste can replace the synthetic food colourants. Study on standardisation of dehydration method and solvent for anthocyanin extraction from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel was carried out using maceration. Methods: Ripe pomegranate fruits (var. kabuli) of good quality and uniform maturity were cleaned, surface sanitized using 2 ppm ozonised water for 10 minutes and outer peel was separated from the arils and mesocarp. The peels were cut into uniform pieces of approximate 2cm3 and subjected to different dehydration treatments. Best dehydration treatment was selected based on highest anthocyanin content. The peel after dehydrating with the best method was macerated using three different solvents for selection of best solvent for extraction based on highest anthocyanin content. Result: Dehydration resulted in enhanced anthocyanin content. Cabinet drying of peel pieces at 50±5°C for 24 hrs followed by maceration using acidified ethanol with 1% HCl at 2:1 solvent to solid ratio can yield 25.5% colour extract with high anthocyanin content (84.57 mg 100 g-1) and antioxidant activity (82.83%).
PANCASILA ON `AUDAT AL-FIRDAUS: AN INTERPRETATION OF INDONESIA'S INDEPENDENCE HISTORY THROUGH ARABIC LITERATURE
Authors: Wardhana Muhammad Kusuma
Published: December 2024

This research will discuss one of the Arabic literary works that explicitly addresses the documentation of the history of the Indonesian struggle for independence in 1945 — `Audat al-Firdaus, a drama work by Ali Ahmad Bakatsir. This work tells the story of the dynamics that occurred among the leaders of the Nation—Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta, and Sutan Syahrir—in formulating the ideal ideology to legitimize the proclamation event at Ikada Field, which presents a narrative quite different from the historical documentation known to the Indonesian people. In fact, some of the attachments included in this writing are the author's interpretations in appreciating Indonesia's independence. One of the most striking aspects is that the lyrics of Indonesia's national anthem are written in Arabic language. By using two theoretical approaches: Post-Colonial Literature from Homi Bhabha and Hegemony from Antonio Gramsci, the researcher found an interesting discovery that Bakatsir deliberately created Audatul Firdaus to introduce the socialist ideology of Pancasila as a form of pan-Islamic revolution in the Middle East. This research also found that the connection between Arab writers and Indonesia is not merely as a conduit for Islamic Education that originated earlier in the Middle East, but they are also responsible for the dissemination of nationalist and political ideology in Indonesia for Arabic communities to break free from the shackles of Western imperialism.
Code of Ethics for Rehabilitation Educators and Counselors: A Call for Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Burker Eileen J. , Kazukauskas Kelly A.
Published: December 2024

Given the emphasis on evidence-based practice (EBP) in the 2010 Code of Professional Ethics for Rehabilitation Counselors, it has become even more critical for rehabilitation educators and rehabilitation counselors to understand EBP, how to implement it in teaching and in practice, and how to access available EBP resources. This paper defines and describes EBP, provides a brief introduction to the most common EBPs related to rehabilitation counseling, and examines several sections of the Code of Ethics for Rehabilitation Counselors which direct counselors to the use of EBP in practice. Resources and suggestions for incorporating EBP into rehabilitation education and rehabilitation counseling practice are provided.
Talaandig mothers’ engagement for sustainable peace
Authors: Villaluz Geraldine Delos Cientos
Published: December 2024

The need for more contextualized literature for peace education courses in Central Visayas has become demanding for teachers seeking comprehensible peace concepts from indigenous perspectives. Concepts on peace introduced in universities’ undergraduate and graduate programs are published documents from Western experiences underlined by resolutions from the United Nations conferences on peace. This study sought to draw out peace concepts from the perspectives of Indigenous women who are conflict-settling mothers of the Talaandig tribe in northern Mindanao, Philippines, to contribute to the literature gap in peace education courses. Ethnographic-grounded theory approaches in the qualitative methods applied Charmaz’s (2006) coding and memo-writing steps. Three objectives were laid out to draw out definitions of peace from Indigenous women’s perspectives, illustrate images of peace through a soil painting workshop, and contribute an educational framework for a culture of sustainable peace from Indigenous mothers’ peacekeeping strategies, designed into three research phases. Twenty-one mothers who are active in peacekeeping activities have been chosen by the mother coordinator as participants. This study has resulted in a pool of Indigenous concepts of peace drawn out from narratives of mothers’ engagements in conflict settling and peacekeeping, soil-painted images of peace illustrating values relevant to the needs of today’s world, and a working framework for peace education from Indigenous women’s perspectives. This joint work of mothers and academic communities opens possibilities for contextualized peace concepts and values responsive to today’s world.
Cybersecurity in Aviation: A Case-Based Approach to Preparedness
Authors: FAYE Shouq , ABDULRAHMAN Joud , TALB Rahaf Abw , MARTIN R. John
Published: December 2024

With interconnected systems governing everything from flight management to passenger services, cybersecurity has emerged as a critical concern. This paper presents a comprehensive case-based review of cybersecurity preparedness in the aviation industry. Through an analysis of notable incidents such as data breaches, system outages, and cyber-attacks, the study explores the vulnerabilities inherent in aviation systems. It examines the impact of these incidents on passenger safety, operational continuity, regulatory compliance, and economic stability. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the effectiveness of existing cybersecurity measures and identifies areas for improvement. Drawing insights from real-world cases, the study aims to provide valuable lessons and recommendations to enhance cybersecurity preparedness in the aviation sector. By delving into the complexities of cybersecurity challenges faced by the industry, this review seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolving landscape of cybersecurity in aviation and the imperative for proactive measures to safeguard critical infrastructure and ensure the safety, security, and reliability of air travel in an increasingly digitalized world.
Securing Multimedia Content Using Digital Rights Management
Authors: ARGHIRESCU Sebastian-Alexandru , PETRICĂ Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Information stored or transmitted in digital format is the essential element that makes today's society function and evolve. Information security has always been a priority for producers and holders of information, even in analog format. Today, there are several technical solutions for encrypting digital information. This paper reviews these solutions and emphasizes the use of Digital Rights Management (DRM) to restrict access to multimedia files or digital services with customized access.
Trust and Security in AI-Generated Documentation
Authors: DINCĂ Ana-Maria , AXINTE Sabina-Daniela , BACIVAROV Ioan C.
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the potential of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in the context of software development tasks and the generation of associated documentation. The first part of the paper surveys software professionals' perceptions of how AI impacts task completion times. The second part of the paper examines the utilization of the AI tool ClaudeMind to generate technical and non-technical documentation for a PDF management microservice. Two prompts are submitted to ClaudeMind, and the resulting documentations are evaluated for overall quality and suitability. This research is motivated by studies indicating that Large Language Model (LLM) performance can deteriorate with increasing complexity, highlighting the need to understand AI’s strengths and limitations in specific domains. This paper aims to provide insights into the current state of AI in software engineering and whether it can be used to automate tedious tasks such as writing and maintaining the documentation.
Unveiling User Enumeration Attacks: Methods, Impacts and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: MĂCSINOIU Venera-Elena
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the vulnerabilities posed by user enumeration attacks and presents effective prevention techniques to safeguard against them. The paper investigates the various approaches that hackers use to compromise unsecured web application modules, including exploiting insecure user database interactions. Additionally, the paper discusses effective countermeasures, such as two-factor authentication, rate limiting, and password policies, that can prevent enumeration attacks. The research presented in this paper contributes to the field of data protection and privacy by identifying the unique characteristics of user enumeration attacks and proposing measures to enhance the security of web applications. The paper emphasizes the importance of securing user databases and educating users on the risks of user enumeration attacks as essential measures for safeguarding sensitive information.
Demographic Policy in the Kursk Region: A Socio-Economic Analysis
Authors: Abramov Alexander , Gavrikov Fedor , Gorlatykh Anna
Published: December 2024

Since the beginning of the 21st century, demographic policy in the regions of the Russian Federation has become one of the most important areas of activity at all levels of government. The objectively formed demand of society for the reproduction of its own population, on the one hand, and the growing depopulation of the Russian population, on the other, significantly affect the socio-demographic stability of the regions. For the Kursk region, as for most subjects of the Russian Federation, the demographic situation acts as a barometer of socio-economic development. Based on a multifactorial analysis, a set of measures to mitigate the growing trends in depopulation of the population of the Kursk region and a qualitative change in the demographic situation has been determined. Measures aimed at increasing the birth rate, measures to reduce the mortality rate, reducing migration from the region, increasing per capita cash income, and reducing unemployment are proposed, the effectiveness of which has been verified and substantiated. Based on the results of the study, it is summarized that the most important feature of the regional demographic policy is the possibility of receiving support measures from both the federal and regional levels. Each region has the right to create its own forms of support aimed at improving the demographic situation, but they should not contradict the federal ones. Considering the specifics of demographic policy measures depend on the territory in which it is implemented, the trends that influence its nature and target orientation.
Labor Market Conditions and Labor Migration in Russian Regions
Authors: Moiseeva Evgeniya , Manshin Roman
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the Russian labor market has been in an extremely tense state, close to “overheating,” which poses risks for the economic development of the country. The most dynamically changing components of the market are the demand for labor and its supply. In the context of population decline, migration remains a flexible and effective mechanism for replenishing the labor force. Differences in the demographic and socio-economic situation in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries, primarily Central Asian ones, create preconditions for cross-border population movements, while the differentiation of various indicators of Russian regions becomes a factor in intra-country migration. In this study, the authors set the task of assessing the extent to which the situation in regional labor markets can influence the intensity of both international and interregional migration flows in Russia, ensuring their self-regulation and balancing. For this purpose, we constructed a clustering of the subjects of the Russian Federation based on the main indicators of labor supply and demand, as well as the intensity of labor migration flows in various directions. Then a correlation analysis of the selected indicators was carried out. The results show that, in general, labor migration smooths out imbalances in regional markets, but the effect of self-regulation mechanisms is far from perfect. For example, there is no linear relationship between tension in the labor market and the intensity of arrival of labor migrants. Based on the findings, the authors conclude by making recommendations regarding the need to create and improve federal mechanisms to ensure contact between employers and job seekers from different regions and to stimulate labor mobility of their populations.
Health as a Factor in Implementing the Reproductive Intentions of the Russian Population
Authors: Arkhangelsky Vladimir , Zemlyanova Elena , Savina Anna
Published: December 2024

Health status is one of the important factors influencing the implementation of reproductive intentions, the ability to have the desired number of children. Along with medical statistics, an important source of information in this case is people's self-assessment of their health. Questions aimed at clarifying this self-assessment are contained in the results of sociological studies. The research results presented in the article are based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service and the socio-demographic survey “Sample observation of reproductive plans of the population” conducted by Rosstat in 2022. Self-assessments of women and men regarding their health status are analyzed from the point of view of its perception as an obstacle to having the desired number of children and the reason for postponing the birth of a child. Particular attention is paid to issues of reproductive health and attitudes towards modern reproductive technologies among those who cannot have a child. Another aspect considered in the article is the prevalence of abortions, which sometimes result in the impossibility of having a child in the future. It is also important to keep in mind that the problem of health as a factor in the implementation of reproductive intentions is becoming more relevant in connection with later childbearing.
Marriage and Family Values of the Population of the EAEU Countries: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Roslavtseva Maria
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of an empirical study of family values of citizens of the Eurasian Economic Union. The novelty of the study lies in the study of value orientations in the territory that is currently connected by economic relations. The relevance of this topic is also related to the fact that the EAEU is a young, actively developing union. Over the past three decades, a new generation of people of reproductive age has grown up in the countries of the Union, whose family attitudes require comparative study. Thus, because of migration processes in the Eurasian space, interethnic marriages occur, which can be complicated by differences in the family ideals of the spouses. The study of these attitudes will increase the level of mutual understanding regarding family building both at the level of management for implementing measures to support families, and among ordinary citizens who are planning a family. The study describes the population’s perceptions of various aspects of family life. Also, countries were divided into groups based on the similarity of family attitudes and placed on the scale in a sequence from more traditional to secular family attitudes. The results obtained can be used to develop measures to support families, youth, and demographic policies of the governments of the EAEU countries, as they allow us to assess the orientation of the population of reproductive age in the framework of family planning. The presented results provide an understanding of the place of the family in the system of values of the population of each EAEU member state. These conclusions will be useful for scientists of the Eurasian Economic Union countries involved in the sociology of the family, the sociology of morals, and demography.
Determinants of Abortion Behavior of the Population of Russian Regions
Authors: Alekhin Boris
Published: December 2024

Induced abortion remains among main methods of birth control. This method, called "abortive (abortion) behavior", is one of the reasons for the low birth rate in Russia in the late 20th century and the first quarter of the 20th century. The relevance of this study is due to the need, firstly, to constantly focus public discourse on abortive behavior as a threat to Russia's demographic security and, secondly, to search for reserves for Russia's demographic development in the context of a decrease in the number of women of reproductive age. This article, written by an economist, is devoted to the determinants of the abortion rate in Russia and its regions. To econometrically test the author's assumptions about the determinants from official statistics, a panel of 82 regions for 2000-2022 was formed. Some determinants turned out to be non-stationary. To test the idea of a long-term, equilibrium relationship between the non-stationary abortion rate (the number of abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–49) and non-stationary determinants, a cointegration analysis was used. The result is a cointegrating equation for the abortion rate, which showed that conservatives, if not catalysts, of the abortion rate were the growth in the share of the population with less than a college education and (to a lesser extent) the growth in the incidence of major disease classes, while the inhibitor was the growth in total living space per capita. Among the determinants selected by the author, there are stationary ones. Having transformed the abortion rate into a stationary variable by taking the first difference, the author regressed it on these determinants to identify the short-term relationship between them. Per capita consumer spending had the greatest short-term effect. As it increased, the abortion rate decreased. Per capita cash income, the volume of paid services to the population, the share of the population with cash income below the poverty line and the share of alcohol in consumer spending turned out to be stimulators of abortion behavior in the short term.
Depopulation in European Russian Regions in 1992–2024
Authors: Rybakovsky Oleg
Published: December 2024

The subject of the study is the permanent population of those regions of European Russia where stable natural decline (depopulation) took place in general for 1992–2024. The topic of the study is the absolute and relative scale of depopulation, the ratio of its main components (fertility and mortality), as well as the most significant demographic factors of this negative process; First, this is the migration component (migration external to the regions), compensating or aggravating the demographic development of these territories. The purpose of the study is to identify among the regions of European Russia that have experienced depopulation in general over 33 post-Soviet years, groups that are typical in terms of the most significant characteristics, to reveal the main factors affecting the level of depopulation and the nature of demographic development in them. Research methods are demographic statistical analysis, the use of relative demographic indicators for correct inter-territorial comparison. The source of all data for calculations is Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). Results of the study: three typical groups of regions of European Russia are identified according to the scale and nature of depopulation and the role of migration processes in them. The first group is the regions with the maximum level of depopulation coefficient, which suffered largely during the Great Patriotic War and/or subsequent migration processes. The second group is the socio-economically successful territories of the European part of Russia, which have a moderate depopulation coefficient and largely compensate for the natural decline with migration growth, primarily from other regions of Russia. The third group is regions that have a moderate level of depopulation, despite the migration loss from them. First, these are the regions of the European Far North and the northern Cis-Urals. Scientific contribution includes a methodology for correct territorial comparison of Russian regions according to the scale and nature of depopulation in them has been supplemented and applied. Conclusions: The European and Asian parts of Russia are developing demographically disproportionately. Throughout the post-Soviet period, the European part has been “fed” by the population through migration at the expense of the Asian part. The problems facing us require the opposite. This vector can be reversed through the efforts of the state and considering the economic market economy. The scope of application of the results is to provide social services and monitoring for those interested in the demographic problem of Russian regions.
Interregional Migration in the Russian Far East and its Impact on Demographic Security
Authors: Khramova Marina , Zorin Dmitry
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we address the issues of demographic development of the regions of the Russian Far East and the impact of interregional migration on the size and demographic structure of the population. The study is based on official data published by Rosstat. At the level of the Far Eastern Federal District as a whole, the demographic dynamics are characterized by negative trends that have developed against the background of depopulation, as well as migration outflow to other regions of the country and abroad. However, at the level of individual subjects, the situation is differentiated. According to the results of 2023, the population of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug increased due to natural and migration growth; in Kamchatka Krai, population growth was ensured by the excess of natural increase over migration outflow. At the same time, in other subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, the population decreased both under the influence of natural decline and migration outflow. Migration outflow to other regions of the country is becoming one of the significant barriers to the demographic development of the Russian Far East: it is in interregional exchange that the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District lose qualified specialists and talented youth. Therefore, maintaining current directions of interregional migration in the Far East can lead to a distortion of the demographic structure of the population, faster aging of the population, as well as a decrease in the demographic potential, which poses threats to demographic security. We conclude that measures of demographic and migration policy in relation to Far Eastern subjects should be targeted and aimed, first, at ensuring a higher quality and standard of living for the local population.
Przymiotniki odrzeczownikowe z podstawowymi formantami sufiksalnymi w języku rosyjskim, polskim i macedońskim
Authors: Stryszewska Maria
Published: December 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu są przymiotniki odrzeczownikowe z podstawowymi formantami sufiksalnymi w języku rosyjskim, polskim i macedońskim. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono sufiksom -ny, -ski i -owy oraz ich ekwiwalentom w poszczególnych językach. Przymiotniki z tymi formantami są częste i stanowią produktywną klasę. W językach słowiańskich tworzą szczególną pod względem słowotwórczym klasę. Celem artykułu jest zwarta prezentacja wyników badania porównawczego dystrybucji poszczególnych sufiksów. Pod uwagę wzięto strukturę morfologiczną i semantykę podstaw słowotwórczych. W przypadku każdego z omawianych języków ma miejsce wyraźna preferencja jednego z sufiksów, zaś jego dystrybucja zależy od czynników morfologicznych i semantycznych.
Peryferie a centrum — Zagrzeb w felietonach Veselka Tenžery
Authors: Chaszczewicz-Rydel Marta
Published: December 2024

Na przełomie lat siedemdziesiątych i osiemdziesiątych Veselko Tenžera pisał o Zagrzebiu. Był dziennikarzem, krytykiem sztuki i literatury, eseistą i publicystą. Jedną z jego najpopularniejszych książek jest Zašto volim Zagreb (wydana pośmiertnie w 1987 roku, ponownie wydana w 2017 roku). Książka ta może być odczytana z perspektywy socjologii miasta, ponieważ Tenžera był świadkiem nowych fenomenów społecznych i urbanistycznych. Zagrzeb owego czasu był przykładem dysharmonii miejskich części składowych, które rozwijały się niezależnie od siebie. Co więcej, mieszkańcy stolicy różnili się poziomem identyfikacji z miastem i jego centrum.
„Продержаться в стороне от большой истории”. „Большая” история Марии Степановой в романсе „Памяти Памяти”
Authors: Fedorushkov Edyta
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу рассуждений русской писательницы и поэтессы Марии Степановой по поводу семейной истории, её места и значения в русле мировых событий. Художественному осмыслению подвергается место в памяти для активных участников большой истории и тех, которые — как в случае членов семьи Степановой — остались для истории невидимыми. Методологической основой послужили положения теоретиков широко понимаемых memory studies, в том числе исследования Марианны Хирш, Аллейды Ассман, Кшиштофа Помяна и Астрид Эрл. Концепции постпамяти, семиофора и контрпамяти, творчески адаптированные к анализу произведения, позволили сделать вывод о транскультурном измерении памяти в романсе Марии Степановой.
Wirus separatyzmu i epidemia dezinformacji. Metafora chorobowa wojny w Donbasie 2014 roku w ukraińskiej prozie popularnej na przykładzie powieści „Оголений нерв” Switłany Tałan
Authors: Zambrzycka Marta
Published: December 2024

Tematem artykułu jest metafora maladyczna wykorzystana w przedstawieniu wojny hybrydowej z 2014 roku w popularnej powieści Оголений нерв (2017) autorstwa Svitłany Tałan. Celem mojej analizy jest wykazanie, że współczesna ukraińskojęzyczna literatura popularna jest silnie zaangażowana społecznie i politycznie, odgrywa wiele ról, w tym również rolę terapeutyczną, a także ma potencjał tożsamościowy i dydaktyczny poprzez wskazywanie określonych postaw.
Dutch trade coins in the monetary circulation of Bohemia and Moravia in the first half of the 17th century
Authors: Hradil Filip
Published: December 2024

The circulation of money in the Czech lands was significantly changed by the influx of Dutch gold and silver trade coins. Like in many other European countries, silver thalers and gold ducats became a common part of the payment system. The paper deals with the structure and size of the Dutch coinage in Bohemian and Moravian coin finds deposited in the first half of the 17th century and its nominal composition. Attention is also paid to the geographical origin of individual coins in the broader context of the Dutch struggle for independence and their function in the global bullion trade.
The Irony of Child Protection: A qualitative analysis of social workers and police officers’ challenges in supporting the rights of victims of child marriage
Authors: Gariba Samuel Logoniga , Rømer Mette
Published: December 2024

Social workers and the police are key frontline workers providing intervention against the practice of child marriage. However, the challenges they experience have received little attention in the literature on child marriage. This paper seeks to contribute to emerging literature by exploring the challenges frontline workers face when intervening in a child marriage situation in Ghana. The study utilizes semi-structured interviews to collect data from six frontline workers and analyses the data thematically. The study found that frontline workers follow a common practice of prematurely reintegrating rescued victims back into the environment where child marriage is encouraged. This raises awareness of what we called the child protection irony which is inconsistent with the constitution and the child welfare policies in Ghana. As a result, the girls is left alone to battle their way out of child marriage while the perpetrators remain unpunished. The findings suggest a need for collaboration between child protection agencies to ensure that child welfare laws and resource allocations are implemented effectively to safeguard children’s rights.