bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of FMEA to Study the Risk Perception of SMEs Throughout the ERP Adoption Life Cycle
Authors: Bharathi S. Vijayakumar , Chandrayan Kanchan
Published: May 2017

In this paper, the authors have tried to validate the risk perception of ERP adoption in SMEs using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). The work significantly contributes to the existing body of ERP adoption knowledge to the SMEs. Foremost, an ERP adoption life cycle addressed to SMES comprising of five distinct phases is proposed. Second, a well-laid out inventory of risk factors have been identified. Third, FMEA is applied to understand, validate the risk perception of respondents on ERP adoption in SMEs. Exploiting the ERP System, Inadequate financial management, Lack of Owners' Commitment, Ineffective communication with users and change in project scope are the top five highest perceived risks based on the risk perception number (RPN). The process centric approach to system implementation through FMEA also prescribes pertinent recommendations to the stakeholder ecosystem to proactively defend against vulnerabilities during the ERP adoption life cycle.
Playing Digital Security
Authors: Costa Conceição , Sousa Carla , Rogado José , Henriques Sara
Published: May 2017

The United Nations (UN) Convention (1989) on the Rights of the Child changed the way children are viewed and treated worldwide. The Convention has been affecting governments, civil society and the private sector. ICT driven companies on the internet should not be an exception. According to Livingstone, Carr and Byrne (2015), Internet governance bodies have given little consideration and reflection to children's rights. In this paper, it is proposed that in order for youth actively participate in an increasingly digital environment; they need to know better their rights to privacy and freedom of expression, among others. Although the understanding of the digital environments principles lies beyond the scope of average children's school curricula, they can however play and discover simple technological concepts in the classroom. Thus, by early developing their literacy on digital identity management, they will be able to navigate, communicate, play and learn online more safely, achieving a responsible connected presence. A qualitative study on a visually oriented encrypted learning activity (game) among a group of students aged 16-18 years old, of the third cycle of Basic Vocational Education has been conducted with the following aims: a) to understand how knowledge about security technological processes can improve youth's capability for managing their digital identities; b) to understand the value of pedagogies of play. Using participant observation, focus group and interviews, youth behaviours and attitudes towards this game based learning approach as well as their perceptions of their digital rights are presented.
Can Games Help Creative Writing Students to Collaborate on Story-Writing Tasks?
Authors: Jackson David
Published: May 2017

Story writing is a complex semantic and creative task, and the difficulty of managing it is made greater by attempting to write in collaboration with others. This complication can deter students from experimenting with collaboration before mastering their own practice in relative privacy. Such reticence is in spite of the fact that there are many clear benefits to collaboration. These include peer support and feedback for the student on their practice (Leach, 2014; Vygotsky, 1978), and the development of collaborative skills and experiences that are easily transferable to a range of creative contexts in future (Ravetz et al., 2013). Specially designed games have the potential to help to facilitate collaboration, by making the difficulty of telling a story as a group part of the game's challenge.
Using Formal Game Design Methods to Embed Learning Outcomes into Game Mechanics and Avoid Emergent Behaviour
Authors: Grey Simon , Grey David , Gordon Neil , Purdy Jon
Published: May 2017

This paper offers an approach to designing game-based learning experiences inspired by the Mechanics-Dynamics-Aesthetics (MDA) model (Hunicke et al., 2004) and the elemental tetrad model (Schell, 2008) for game design. A case for game based learning as an active and social learning experience is presented including arguments from both teachers and game designers concerning the value of games as learning tools. The MDA model is introduced with a classic game- based example and a non-game based observation of human behaviour demonstrating a negative effect of extrinsic motivators (Pink, 2011) and the need to closely align or embed learning outcomes into game mechanics in order to deliver an effective learning experience. The MDA model will then be applied to create a game based learning experience with the goal of teaching some of the aspects of using source code control to groups of Computer Science students. First, clear aims in terms of learning outcomes for the game are set out. Following the learning outcomes, the iterative design process is explained with careful consideration and reflection on the impact of specific design decisions on the potential learning experience. The reasons those decisions have been made and where there may be conflict between mechanics contributing to learning and mechanics for reasons of gameplay are also discussed. The paper will conclude with an evaluation of results from a trial of computer science students and staff, and the perceived effectiveness of the game at delivering specific learning outcomes, and the approach for game design will be assessed.
Playing Against the Game
Authors: Remmele Bernd
Published: May 2017

The paper first outlines a differentiation of play/game-motivations that include ‘negative' attitudes against the play/game itself like cheating or spoilsporting. This problem is of particular importance in concern of learning games because they are not ‘played' for themselves – at least in the first place – but due to an instructional scheme. So they are likely to provoke resistance among the ‘players' or learners. However, because they are introduced as a games, a certain extent a playful sphere is created. This opens the space for a previously neglected negative behaviour: ‘playing against the game'. The player – not so much the learner – creates a new game by ‘testing' the game, by acting at specific points in contrast to the instructional scheme and/or the original idea or narrative of the game. Secondly, the paper will present empirical evidence concerning this phenomenon of ‘playing against the game'. The evidence comes from the evaluation of three different learning games. Student answers to usual motivational questions like: “The game was fun” – “I wanted to be better than the others” – “It was a good feeling to make strategic decisions”, will be compared to questions of resistance like: “I wanted to know what happens when my avatar was not doing well” – “I wanted to see what happens if I choose a bad strategy.” – “I wanted to know when the company goes bankrupt.” The data shows that – partly depending on complexity, playfulness and anonymity of the game – a relevant number of players/learners use this negative behaviour. Nevertheless, this behaviour can still be a way of interacting with the subject matter of the game.
Case Study 2
Authors: Barnard Dan
Published: May 2017

This case study draws on some experiments I have been doing in the use of dice in the ideas generation phase of a creative project. It draws on workshops I have run with creative technology students at Goldsmiths, with a range of adults at the Counterplay Conference in Aarhus (Denmark) and the Playful Learning Conference at Manchester Metropolitan University, in workshops for museum professionals I have co-led with Rachel Briscoe and in teaching Drama and Performance students at London South Bank University.
Case Study 4
Authors: Javaid Osman
Published: May 2017

This case study tracks the development of a digital induction resource implementing game elements that focuses on the first two stages of Gilly Salmon's Five Stage Model, namely ‘access and motivation' and ‘online socialisation' (Salmon, 2011). In the summer of 2016, a prototype was developed and presented at the Playful Learning conference, with a view to completing a full evaluation for the next cohort of the programme.
A Yes/No Answer Generator Based on Sentiment-Word Scores in Biomedical Question Answering
Authors: Sarrouti Mourad , El Alaoui Said Ouatik
Published: May 2017

Background and Objective: Yes/no question answering (QA) in open-domain is a longstanding challenge widely studied over the last decades. However, it still requires further efforts in the biomedical domain. Yes/no QA aims at answering yes/no questions, which are seeking for a clear “yes” or “no” answer. In this paper, we present a novel yes/no answer generator based on sentiment-word scores in biomedical QA. Methods: In the proposed method, we first use the Stanford CoreNLP for tokenization and part-of-speech tagging all relevant passages to a given yes/no question. We then assign a sentiment score based on SentiWordNet to each word of the passages. Finally, the decision on either the answers “yes” or “no” is based on the obtained sentiment-passages score: “yes” for a positive final sentiment-passages score and “no” for a negative one. Results: Experimental evaluations performed on BioASQ collections show that the proposed method is more effective as compared with the current state-of-the-art method, and significantly outperforms it by an average of 15.68% in terms of accuracy.
Extended Automata for Temporal Planning of Interacting Agents
Authors: Largouët Christine , Krichen Omar , Zhao Yulong
Published: May 2017

In this paper, the authors consider the planning problem for a system represented as a set of interacting agents evolving along time according to explicit timing constraints. Given a goal, the planning problem is to find the sequence of actions such that the system reaches the goal state in a limited time and in an optimal manner, assuming actions have a cost. In their approach, the planning problem is based on model-checking and controller synthesis techniques while the goal is defined using temporal logic. Each agent of the system is represented using the formalism of Priced Timed Game Automata (PTGA). PTGA is an extension of Timed Automata that allows the representation of cost on actions and the definition of uncontrollable actions. The authors define a planning algorithm that computes the best strategy to achieve a goal. To experiment their approach, they extend the classical Transport Domain with timing constraints, cost on actions and uncontrollable actions. The planning algorithm is finally presented on a marine ecosystem management problem.
Landscapes of Identity
Authors: Janku Andrea
Published: May 2017

This paper is the first part of an exploration into the history and meaning of landscapes, based on a case study of the “must-see” scenic spots or Eight Views (bajing ??) of Linfen County in the south of China's Shanxi province. County histories not only include poems and travel accounts describing these places, but often also, from the eighteenth century onwards, images representing them. They are thus well documented places, which makes it possible to trace fragments of their history and draw conclusions about the relationship between humans and their physical environment. This part of the study focuses on how the physical environment interlocked with the historical heritage of a place to form a cultural landscape that gave identity and meaning to a place and its people.
Science Parks Approaches to Address Sustainability
Authors: Laguna Nuria E , Durán-Romero Gemma
Published: May 2017

Multiple Helix Model is the theoretical framework where reciprocal university-industry-government relationship constitutes a key element of the innovation process. In the centre of this model arise the Science Parks (SPs) as hybrid agents that, having a close relationship with university, promote technology transfer and innovative entrepreneurship, with a legal framework defined by the public sector. The aim of this article is to analyse the link between SPs and sustainability under the hypothesis that they might become drivers of sustainability. A qualitative analysis of a sample of 12 Spanish SPs has been conducted. It concludes that SPs have high potential as sustainable knowledge facilitators and a proactive attitude in relation to environmental commitment, although there is still room for enhancements in their sustainability approaches. This study highlights the potential of STPs as facilitators of sustainable practices and also presents theoretical implications for future research linking Quintuple Helix Model and sustainable entrepreneurial strategies.
Vojta-Therapy
Authors: Khan Muhammad Hassan , Grzegorzek Marcin
Published: May 2017

This paper proposed a novel computer vision-based framework to recognize the accurate movements of a patient during the Vojta-therapy. Vojta-therapy is a useful technique for the physical and mental impairments in humans. During the therapy, a specific stimulation is given to the patients to cause the patient's body to perform certain reflexive pattern movements. The repetition of this stimulation ultimately makes available the previously blocked connections between the spinal cord and brain, and after a few sessions, patients can perform these movements without any external stimulation. In this paper the authors propose an automatic method for patient detection and recognition of specific movements in his/her various body parts during the therapy process, using Microsoft Kinect camera. The proposed method works in three steps. In the first step, a robust template matching based algorithm is exploited for patient's detection using his/her head location. Second, several features are computed to capture the movements of different body parts during the therapy process. Third, in the classification stage, a multi-class support vector machine (mSVM) is used to classify the accurate movements of patient. The classification results ultimately reveal the correctness of the given treatment. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on the authors' challenging dataset, which was collected in a children hospital. The detection and classification results show that the proposed method is highly useful to recognize the correct movement pattern either in hospital or in-home therapy systems.
On Hierarchical Syndrome Analysis and the Zürich-Montpellier Table Method
Authors: Coetzee B. J. , Werger M. J.A.
Published: May 2017

Hierarchical Syndrome Analysis was applied to two sets of data drawn from Werger, et al. (1972). The resulting classification was compared to that obtained by Werger  et al., who used the Zürich- Montpellier Table Method. It is concluded that Hierarchical Syndrome Analysis results in an advanced stage of the process that leads to a meaningful classification of vegetation as expressed in a phyto- sociological table obtained by Zürich-Montpellier techniques. However, the Hierarchical Syndrome Analysis was found to be too rigid in some respects to finalize such a classification. The time and effort involved in preparing the data for computation is another serious consideration. The main conclusion is that the consistency of the results of the Hierarchical Sydrome Analysis with those obtained by the Zürich-Montpellier Table Method, proves the objectivity of the latter.
An account of the plant communities of Tussen die Riviere Game Farm, Orange Free State
Authors: Werger M. J.A.
Published: May 2017

As part of the IBP survey of conservation sites, the vegetation of Tussen die Riviere Game Farm,Orange Free State, was surveyed and analysed according to the Braun-Blanquet phytosociological method. A classification of the plant communities occurring there is given. A way by which a hierarchical classification of plant communities in South Africa community is physiognomically classified according of this system are discussed briefly.could be constructed, is suggested. Each plant to Fosberg's (1967) system. Two disadvantages of this system are discussed briefly.
Classification and ordination of aquatic macrophytes in the Pongolo River Pans, Natal
Authors: Musil C. F. , Grunow J. O. , Bornman C. H.
Published: May 2017

The physiography, soils and climate are briefly described for the Pongolo River flood plain pans situated in north-east Zululand (27 S, 32 E), Natal, South Africa. Quantitative vegetation data ob­tained from 60 stands distributed over 9 pans were summarized using a Braun-Blanquet procedure and a Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Both approaches indicated that the aquatic vegetation could be subdivided into two main groups of growth forms: the submerged and the floating and/or rooted-floating aquatic plants, each showing a distribution influenced primarily by physical factors such as exposure and depth of water. In the PCA, each of the above groups was defined by two stand noda, each nodum representing a plant community that could be observed in the field. The Braun- Blanquet analysis further subdivided the floating and/or rooted-floating aquatic plants into groups of species on the basis of chemical and substrate factors.
Notes on the genus Cussonia in South Africa
Authors: Strey R. G.
Published: May 2017

Information gathered during studies of the genus Cussonia under field conditions is presented. The development of the inflorescences, and branch and leaf initiation, is given special attention. The subdivision of the genus  Cussonia is discussed and the following new subgeneric taxa are created: Subgenus  Cussonia (type species: C.  spicata  Thunb.) with two sections: Sect.  Cussonia and Sect. Capitata  Strey; Subgenus  Paniculata  Strey (type species: C.  paniculata Eckl. Zeyh.); Subgenus Protocussonia  (type species: C.  natalensis Sond.). It is pointed out that the names C. kraussii Hochst. and C.  chartacea Schinz have been misapplied to two undescribed species, and are synonyms of C. spicata Thunb. and  Schefflera umbellifera  (Sond.) Baill., respectively. Four new species are described viz. C. arenicola Strey, C. zuluensis Strey, C. nicholsonii Strey and C. sphaerocephala Strey.
Teachers’ accuracy in identifying ADHD status and their intended classroom management strategies for students with and without ADHD: a vignette study in South-Korea and Germany
Authors: Lee Yumi , Witruk Evelin
Published: May 2017

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate Korean and German teachers’ accurate diagnosis and their intentions of using classroom management strategies (CMS) for the hypothetical student depicted in the vignette types.

Participants and procedure

Through a disproportional stratified sampling procedure, matched 264 Korean and 264 German teachers were distributed. Kos (2004)’ eight vignettes were slightly modified due to the different cultural background. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data.

Results

Within a culture, 68.20% of Korean and 48.90% of German teachers were able to correctly identify attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) status. Teachers in both countries intend to use emotional support the most, followed by proactive strategies. Across cultures, a significant difference was found between Korean and German teachers with regard to their accuracy in identifying students’ ADHD status. Korean teachers showed higher accuracy than German teachers. Significant differences between the two countries were also observed regarding teachers’ intentions of using corrective and proactive strategies. Korean teachers use more corrective strategies, and German teachers use more proactive strategies. Regarding emotional support, no significant differences were found between Korean and German teachers.

Conclusions

This study can be a preliminary resource for developing a specific CMS for students with ADHD for both countries. It is suggested that the current status of teachers’ specific CMS for students with ADHD should be investigated in order to develop more specialized CMS for these students. It is worth conducting a meta-analysis of this issue to assess the most effective CMS for students with ADHD in the classroom.
Collective identity assets for psychological well-being in Slovene minority and Italian majority adolescents in Italy
Authors: Kosic Marianna , Dimitrova Radosveta
Published: May 2017

Background
 We examined core assets of collective identity for enhanced psychological well-being among hardly investigated Slovene ethnic minority and Italian majority youth in Italy. The Slovene minority is an autochthonous minority living in Italy since the 6th century.

 Participants and procedure
 We tested a model based on the notion that collective identity derives from familial, ethnic and religious identities as important sources of identification for youth in line with prior work on the salience and relations among these sources. Participants were 114 Slovene and 144 Italian adolescents (aged 14 to 18 years old) living in the North-East of Italy. They filled in standardized measures on ethnic, national, familial and religious identity, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive Affective Schedule.
 Results
 Path models showed that stronger collective identity was related to higher scores of perceived psychological well-being. Interestingly, for the Slovene minority youth, ethnic Slovenian identity was unrelated to collective identity. Overall, among all youth, all identity components loaded into a single factor of collective identity, confirming previous studies with bicultural minority youth.

 Conclusions
 The findings shed light on the path linking multiple aspects of collective identities together to adolescents’ well-being and are useful in pragmatic terms for improving and facilitating assets of individual and social/collective well-being and functioning of youth.
The negative and positive effects of trauma resulting from cancer – the role of personality and rumination
Authors: Ogińska-Bulik Nina
Published: May 2017

Background

Personality and cognitive engagement, including event-related rumination, play essential roles in the negative and positive outcomes of experienced trauma. The aim of the study was to establish the role of personality traits and rumination in the occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and posttraumatic growth (PTG).

Participants and procedure

Sixty persons, aged 18-78 years (M = 50.40, SD = 17.74), who had experienced malignant tumours in the craniofacial area, i.e. the lips, palate, parotid gland, eye, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses, were examined. The majority of respondents (68.30%) were women. The subjects were surveyed with the Impact of Event Scale-R (IES-R), the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), the NEO-Five Factor Personality (NEO-FFI), and the Event Related Rumination Inventory (ERRI).

Results

Both PTSD symptoms and PTG were observed in the examined group. Almost 77.00% of participants demonstrated at least a medium degree of PTSD. Twenty three percent of subjects revealed a high level of PTG. Both intrusive and deliberate ruminations were related to the presence of PTSD symptoms and PTG. No direct relationship was found between personality dimensions and the negative and positive outcomes of trauma. Neuroticism, which is related to intrusive rumination, affects PTSD symptoms. Conscientiousness, which is related to deliberate ruminations, affects posttraumatic growth.

Conclusions

Personality has an indirect impact on the negative and positive consequences of trauma via rumination over the experienced event.
A cross-lagged model of reinforcement sensitivity, personality and affectivity
Authors: Rebernjak Blaž , Buško Vesna
Published: May 2017

Background

There is a rich body of literature describing the links between behavioral activation/inhibition, personality and trait affectivity. The sensitivity of the behavioral activation system (BAS) is related to extraversion and positive affect, while the sensitivity of the behavioral inhibition is related to neuroticism and negative affect. Besides the strong links observed, it is unclear what the causal relationships between these constructs are.

Participants and procedure

The aim of this study was to provide indirect support for the theoretical accounts postulating the causal direction from behavioral sensitivity through personality to affectivity. Using data from two measurement occasions, two sets of models were specified to test those predictions. A total of 286 social sciences and humanities students participated in the study for course credit or financial reimbursement.

Results

Our results provide limited support for the proposed causal direction, but only some of the direct links were observed to be significantly different from zero. Extraversion and positive affect showed a reciprocal pattern of influences, while the sensitivity of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) predicted neuroticism.

Conclusions

The results presented here give limited support to the proposed direction of relationships between the three sets of affective constructs investigated in this study. BIS and BAS sensitivities and personality measures showed higher stability in the one-month period compared to positive and negative affectivity.
Pathways to positivity from perceived stress in adolescents: multiple mediation of emotion regulation and coping strategies
Authors: Yildiz Mehmet Ali
Published: May 2017

Background

The current study aimed to examine the multiple mediation of emotion regulation and coping strategies in the relationship between perceived stress and positivity in adolescents.

Participants and procedure

Participants included 312 adolescents attending high schools. 162 of the participants were female and 150 were male, with an average age of 16.26, SD = 1.21. Data collection was conducted with the Perceived Stress Scale, the Emotion Regulation Scale for Adolescents, the Coping Scale for Children and Youth, and the Positivity Scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, regression based on ordinary least squares, and the bootstrap method were used to analyze the research data.

Results

The research findings indicated that internal dysfunctional emotion regulation, assistance seeking, problem solving, and behavioral avoidance mediated the relationship between perceived stress and positivity.

Conclusion

In conclusion, internal dysfunctional emotion regulation, seeking assistance, problem solving, and behavioral avoidance were found to mediate the relationship between adolescents’ perceived stress and positivity. Thus, preparing individual and group psychological counseling as well as emotion regulation and coping-oriented psycho-educational programs for adolescents to regulate negative emotions and to cope with stress may be important. The research findings were discussed and interpreted based on the relevant literature, and suggestions for relevant experts were included.
Fatigue and sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis patients during hospital admission
Authors: Szady Paulina , Bączyk Grażyna , Kozłowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2017

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease of connective tissue characterised by chronic course with periods of exacerbation and remission. Even in the early stages of the disease patients report the occurrence of fatigue and sleep disorders. Reduced sleep quality and chronic fatigue are common among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of the research was to evaluate the severity of fatigue and sleep quality assessment among patients hospitalised with rheumatoid arthritis and to determine the relation between the level of symptoms of fatigue and sleep quality and variables such as: age, gender, disease duration, marital status, applied pharmacological treatment, and pain intensity.

Materials and methods: The study involved 38 patients (12 men and 26 women) hospitalised in the Rheumatologic Ward of the Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Hospital of the University of Medical Sciences. The average age of the entire group was 56.26 years. Fatigue was evaluated with use of Polish version of Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), while in order to evaluate sleep quality within the examined group of patients the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used.

Results: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the analysed group have lower sleep quality, and within subjects with such a diagnosis the fatigue is present. The relation was found between fatigue and such variables as: age, illness duration, marital status, applied pharmacological treatment, and severity of pain. Sleep quality within patients with RA is correlated by such variables as: age, gender, applied pharmaceutical treatment, and severity of pain. It was identified that patients with lower sleep quality experience increased levels of fatigue.

Conclusions: There is a need to clarify which factors determine the level of fatigue and sleep quality in patients suffering from RA in future population-based research and to indicate to doctors, nurses, psychologists, and physiotherapists the significance and importance of the problem, which requires specialised and holistic care.
Modeling the effects of tree species and temperature on soil's extracellular enzyme activity in 78-year-old tree plantations
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqi , Wang Shen S. J. , Chen Chengrong
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Forest plantations have been widely used as an effective measure for increasing soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks and soil enzyme activities play a key role in soil C and N losses during decomposition of soil organic matter. However, few studies have been carried out to elucidate the mechanisms for the differences in soil C and N cycling by different tree species in response to climate warming. Here, we measured the responses of soil's extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) to a gradient of temperatures using incubation methods in 78-year-old forest plantations with different tree species. Based on a soil enzyme kinetics model, we established a new statistical model to investigate the effects of temperature and tree species on soil EEA. In addition, we established a soil–enzyme–C/N model to investigate how temperature and tree species influence soil C/N contents over time without considering plant C inputs. These extracellular enzymes included C acquisition enzymes (β-glucosidase, BG), N acquisition enzymes (N-acetylglucosaminidase, NAG; leucine aminopeptidase, LAP) and phosphorus acquisition enzymes (acid phosphatases). The results showed that temperature and tree species significantly influenced all soil EEA and Eucalyptus had higher soil EEA than coniferous tree species. Modeling showed that Eucalyptus had larger soil C losses but had longer soil C residence time than the coniferous tree species over time. The differences in the residual soil C and N contents between Eucalyptus and coniferous tree species, as well as between slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii Ait), become larger and larger over time. On the other hand, the modeling results help explain why exotic slash pine can grow faster, as it has longer residual soil N residence time than native coniferous tree species like hoop pine and kauri pine (Agathis robusta C. Moore). Our results will be helpful for understanding the mechanisms of soil C and N cycling by different tree species, which will have implications for forest management.
Historical greenhouse gas concentrations for climate modelling (CMIP6)
Authors: Meinshausen Malte , Vogel Elisabeth , Nauels Alexander , Lorbacher Katja , Meinshausen Nicolai , Etheridge David M. , Fraser Paul J. , Montzka Stephen A. , Rayner Peter J. , Trudinger Cathy M. , Krummel Paul B. , Beyerle Urs , Canadell Josep G. , Daniel John S. , Enting Ian G. , Law Rachel M. , Lunder Chris R. , O'Doherty Simon , Prinn Ron G. , Reimann Stefan , Rubino Mauro , Velders Guus J. M. , Vollmer Martin K. , Wang Ray H. J. , Weiss Ray
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations are at unprecedented, record-high levels compared to the last 800 000 years. Those elevated GHG concentrations warm the planet and – partially offset by net cooling effects by aerosols – are largely responsible for the observed warming over the past 150 years. An accurate representation of GHG concentrations is hence important to understand and model recent climate change. So far, community efforts to create composite datasets of GHG concentrations with seasonal and latitudinal information have focused on marine boundary layer conditions and recent trends since the 1980s. Here, we provide consolidated datasets of historical atmospheric concentrations (mole fractions) of 43 GHGs to be used in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project – Phase 6 (CMIP6) experiments. The presented datasets are based on AGAGE and NOAA networks, firn and ice core data, and archived air data, and a large set of published studies. In contrast to previous intercomparisons, the new datasets are latitudinally resolved and include seasonality. We focus on the period 1850–2014 for historical CMIP6 runs, but data are also provided for the last 2000 years. We provide consolidated datasets in various spatiotemporal resolutions for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), as well as 40 other GHGs, namely 17 ozone-depleting substances, 11 hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), 9 perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) and sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2). In addition, we provide three equivalence species that aggregate concentrations of GHGs other than CO2, CH4 and N2O, weighted by their radiative forcing efficiencies. For the year 1850, which is used for pre-industrial control runs, we estimate annual global-mean surface concentrations of CO2 at 284.3 ppm, CH4 at 808.2 ppb and N2O at 273.0 ppb. The data are available at https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/input4mips/ and http://www.climatecollege.unimelb.edu.au/cmip6. While the minimum CMIP6 recommendation is to use the global- and annual-mean time series, modelling groups can also choose our monthly and latitudinally resolved concentrations, which imply a stronger radiative forcing in the Northern Hemisphere winter (due to the latitudinal gradient and seasonality).
Why the History of CUNY Matters: Using the CUNY Digital History Archive to Teach CUNY’s Past
Authors: Brier Stephen
Published: May 2017

This article describes the newly launched CUNY Digital History Archive (CDHA), a project of the American Social History Project/Center for Media and Learning at the CUNY Graduate Center. The CDHA is designed to provide open, online access to a rich array of digitized historical sources that detail the important history of the City University of New York (CUNY). The article reviews that history, focusing on the postwar expansion of the city’s tuition free municipal college system and the subsequent birth of the CUNY system in 1961. CUNY’s growth helped launch a student-led fight for open admissions at various CUNY campuses in 1969-70, which resulted in the dramatic expansion of the undergraduate student body, including the admission of large numbers of working-class students of color in the early 1970s. The article ends with a discussion of impact of New York City’s 1976 fiscal crisis, which led to the elimination of free tuition and a cutback in CUNY’s plans for expansion and growth, a consequence that CUNY still has to deal with.
Penalising Presence in Public Space: Control through Exclusion of the ‘Difficult’ and ‘Undesirable
Authors: Johnstone Craig
Published: May 2017

Over the last two decades and across a number of jurisdictions, new measures enshrined in criminal law and administrative codes have empowered authorities to exclude unwelcome groups and individuals from public spaces. Focusing particular attention on recent reform in Britain, this paper traces the evolution of contemporary exclusionary practices, from their initial concern with proscribed behaviour to the penalisation of mere presence. The latter part of the paper offers a critical assessment of what has driven these innovations in control of the public realm. Here consideration is given to two possibilities. First, such policy is the outcome of punitive and revanchist logics. Second, their intentions are essentially benign, reflecting concerns about risk, liveability and failures of traditional order-maintenance mechanisms. While acknowledging concerns about the over-eagerness of scholars to brand new policy as punitive, the paper concludes that any benign intentions are overshadowed by the regressive and marginalising consequences of preferred solutions.
Cruzamento do social e do ambiental na “Construção” de Chico Buarque
Authors: Pais Neves dos Santos Marco
Published: May 2017

A música “Construção” de Chico Buarque, editada pela Polygram em 1971, em São Paulo, difundiu habilmente a ausência de escrúpulos e a falta de dignidade a que era votado o ser humano dentro do seu próprio Estado, tendo ficado conhecida como uma bandeira de luta política contra a Ditadura Militar no Brasil. No entanto, sem ignorar o facto político, procuramos neste ensaio dilatar as possibilidades de compreensão do texto, analisando-o na perspetiva das questões ambientais e da ecologização das relações sociais. Mostramos que se trata de uma música que utiliza símbolos sonoros polissémicos e plurivalentes, comportando portanto uma linguagem rica em significações e conotações, que permite fazer uma interpretação das questões sociais da época, conotando-as com as questões ambientais e de ecologização das relações sociais atuais, porque apresentam o mesmo nível de significância. Concluímos que, mesmo ao fim de 40 anos, a letra conserva toda a sua atualidade e tem conotações diretas com questões prementes da sociedade atual, onde se procura a construção de uma mudança rumo à sustentabilidade.
The Judicial Review of the Responsibilities of the Company to the Payment of the Money Guarantee the Death of Labor based on Law Number 24 the Year 2011 about BPJS Employment
Authors: Eddy Triono
Published: May 2017

The implementation of Act No. 24 2011 is a rule that should be reviewed because many pro-cons who must be responsible for work accidents employees. Here, the author is interested in examining about the judicial review of Corporate Responsibility for the payment of the money guarantee the death of Labor Based on Act No. 24 The year 2011 About BPJS. And here is the author took three formulations of the problem is how the general settings employment social security program in Indonesia, how the role of the law in the BPJS provides protection against the sacrifice guarantee the death of work accidents in Indonesia and law sanctions for companies who are unaware of the responsibility of safety against workers based on Act No. 24 The year 2011 About BPJS. The type of this bachelor theses researches using qualitative research, with wearing the kind of legal research normative and data collection technique use the secondary technique, which consists of the Primary legal materials, secondary, and tertiary preventive measures and data collection method used is a library research method (Library Research). Regarding Accountability and sanctions for companies that have forgetfulness is responsible for workers deaths work accidents has been regulated in the regulation of RI NO. 86 2013 regarding the administrative sanctions for the company. Now the conclusion is accountability for workers deaths work accidents that should be accountable by the company has not yet to be implemented with good because there are still many companies that are still unaware of the responsibility is while work accidents continue to increase.
George Henry Lewes's Reading of Hamlet
Authors: Baker William
Published: May 2017

George Henry Lewes's heavily annotated copy of the text of Hamlet in Charles Knight's edition of The Comedies, Histories, Tragedies and Poems of Shakspere constitutes an early Victorian reaction by a highly literate literary critic to Shakespeare's tragedy. An analysis of Lewes's annotations throws considerable light upon his interests and preoccupations at a period in which he was writing prolifically. This article provides examples from various kinds of Lewes's marginalia, his marginal linings, his underlining and his marginal annotations, some of which are very detailed. These demonstrate which lines of Hamlet specifically attracted him and why; Lewes's engagement with critics such as S. T. Coleridge, and predecessors such as Warburton and Wharton; and German responses to Hamlet, especially Goethe's, and others. Lewes's marginalia also reveals his knowledge of the classical tradition and throws light on his response to Hamlet and on his own preoccupations at the time he made them.
Long-distance consonant agreement and subsequentiality
Authors: Luo Huan
Published: May 2017

Johnson (1972) and Kaplan & Kay (1994) showed that phonological processes belong to the computational class of regular relations. This paper provides a computational analysis of long-distance consonant agreement and shows that it belongs to a more restricted computational class called subsequential. This paper further argues that subsequentiality is a desirable computational characterization of long-distance consonant agreement for the following reasons. First, it is sufficiently expressive. Second, it is restrictive as it accounts for the absence of pathological patterns like Majority Rules and Sour Grapes from the typology (Heinz & Lai 2013), standing in contrast to Agreement by Correspondence analysis in Optimality Theory (Rose & Walker 2004; Hansson 2007).
An Elucidation of the Symmetry of Length Contraction Predicted by the Special Theory of Relativity
Authors: Suto Koshun
Published: May 2017

In this paper, consider a rod A (inertial frame A) and rod B (inertial frame B) moving at constant velocity relative to each other. Assume that the lengths of two rods are equal when they are stationary. According to the STR, when length in the direction of motion of rod B, moving at constant velocity, is measured from inertial frame A, the rod contracts in the direction of motion. Also, the time which elapses on clock in inertial frame B is delayed compared to the time which elapses on clock in inertial frame A. If, conversely, inertial frame A is measured from inertial frame B, rod A contracts in the direction of motion, and the time which elapses on clock is delayed. However, according to classical common sense, if rod B contracts when measured from inertial frame A, then rod A measured from rod B must be longer than rod B. Thus, this paper discusses the symmetry of rod contraction, and elucidates this problem. It is found, based on the discussion in this paper, that the contraction of a rod includes true physical contraction, and relativistic contraction obtained due to measurement using the method indicated by Einstein. However, in the STR, any two inertial frames are equivalent, and therefore is not possible to accept points such as the fact that reasons for contraction are different. This paper concludes that STR is not a theory which describes the objective state of reality.
On the Absoluteness of Time
Authors: Cataldo Carmine
Published: May 2017

This paper aims to qualitatively summarize the results up until now obtained in investigating the compatibility between the absoluteness of time and several well-known phenomena, such as the alleged increase of the mean lifetime of muons and the so-called relativistic corrections for GPS, whose explanation is commonly provided by resorting to Einstein’s Relativity. To make the discussion more flowing, we have herein preferred to completely avoid the writing of equations. All the analytical solutions, as well as several explicative figures, can be found in the first six articles cited in the references, drafted by the same author of this manuscript.
The Relevance of Tradition Values toward Character Building Values
Authors: Khuriyah Lailatul , Utaya Sugeng , Sapto Ari
Published: May 2017

A culture has an important in for the development of the character of the young generation, because in the culture of each ethnic group has values that guide the society. The Erau Tradition of Kutai contains values in any rituals. This value can be a guideline for cultivation the character building and to minimize degradation and the eroded values of national identity in our youth. This study aims to: 1) know the values contained in Erau tradition, 2) know the relevance of traditional values of Erau with the values of Indonesian nation character education. The research was conducted in Kutai Kertanegara using ethnography approach. Erau tradition which made cooperation between the palace, local governments and communities indicates that this tradition contains religious values, unity, cooperation/cooperativeness, tolerance, social awareness, recognize excellence, democracy, work ethic, and the preservation of culture. These values has relevance to the educational value of the character of the Indonesian nation, although not in its entirety but these values are positive and capable of being used as a source of value for the community guidelines. With that understanding, the expected values may play a role in shaping the character of the nation.
Comparative Research on Performance of Feed Companies in China---Based on an OR-DEAE Matrix
Authors: Zhu Nan , Zhang Yun
Published: May 2017

Feed manufacturing play a key role in agriculture development and economic growth. The present paper elucidates an operating revenue-DEA efficiency (OR-DEAE) matrix to evaluate both big and strong aspects of feed enterprises in China based on the evaluation measure of Fortune Global 500 and a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, i.e., super-efficiency CCR model, in order to achieve a healthy and sustainable development in feed manufacturing. Results show that there is a big difference between the performances of feed companies in China. Most of the feed companies are in the question mark quadrant or dog quadrant of the OR-DEAE matrix, showing that their operation levels are relatively low. Only two benchmarking companies were in the star quadrant which reflects they have both big and strong capability. We therefore provide several suggestions for the backward companies to improve their performance.
The Roles of Elected Representatives in Political Parties: What’s the Challenges?
Authors: Brahim Malike
Published: May 2017

The elected representatives have important roles that involved parliamentary and constituency roles, social services, and to political party. They need to split their time between working in legislative, in constituency and for the party. In Malaysia, elected representatives have important roles in party to affiliate party apparatus, carry out election campaigns, and try to convince voting citizen by casting their ballot for them. The research finding indicated that the parties are due in part to competition for party positions, thus will create money politics and leadership conflicts. Finally, few elected representative hopping to oppose party.
Research on Locating Model of Heavy Metal Pollutants Source Based on SFPI Method and 2D Convection-Diffusion Equation
Authors: Liu Yi-Jian , Li Zi-Yu
Published: May 2017

As an important field in environmental science, the research on the locating issue of heavy metals pollutants source has increasingly attracted attention of scholars and society. In order to locate the pollutants source, we should firstly figure out the spatial distribution of heavy metals pollutants and pollution degree of different subareas in a limited area. Based on the datasheets from CUMCM 2011, we obtain the spatial distribution figures of heavy metals on MATLAB platform. Then, we introduce SFPI method to build an evaluation model of pollution degree in different subareas, with analyzing of the result of which, we can approximately conclude that the location of heavy metals pollutants source may be located in Industrial Area and Traffic Area. Further analyzing, to position the pollutants source more precisely, we introduce 2D convection-diffusion equation to describe the pollutant pathway of heavy metals, solve the equation with FDM algorithm on Maple platform, and obtain the propagation function of heavy metals concentration. Finally, we furtherly modify the propagation function and then figure out the precise coordinates of the pollution source and the corresponding subareas.