bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development Of Biology Modul With LKS Orientation Problem Based Learning (PBL) In Topic Environmental Pollution For Grade X
Authors: Sumarmin Ramadhan , Ayu Desfira Mustika , Lufri Lufri
Published: September 2020

Based on the observation done by the writer in Don Bosco senior high school on the odd and even semesters during 2011 concluded that teachers, in general, do not use the biology learning at the class completely. The module of biology is only available in the odd semester but not in the even semester. The process of learning that takes place during the time in school just using the textbook or handouts made by teachers in the study. Meanwhile, the textbook is available at the school are less varied. During this time the students are taught using textbooks that contain the material at length content and tend to use convoluted sentences. Moreover, the picture presented is also less communicative and sometimes has no relation with the text, so students are difficult to understand the material presented. The purpose of this study is to produce a biology module that is completed by student worksheet and oriented to the problem based learning (PBL) are valid, practical and effective on environmental pollution topics. This research is categorized as research and development. The model and procedure of this research apply 4-D (four-D models) that consists of define, design, develop, and disseminate stage. The results of this research show that the biology module that is completed by student worksheet and oriented to the problem based learning (PBL) is effective, it can be seen from the activity, motivation and students’ learning outcomes. It is concluded that the biology module which is completed with student’s worksheet and oriented to the problem based learning (PBL) on the matter pollution is stated very valid, practical and effective.
The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Ability of Students on Additives and Addictive Substances Class VIII SMPN 12 Padang
Authors: Hasanah Mesia Dewi , Alberida Heffi , Rahmi Yosi Laila
Published: September 2020

Implementation of Curriculum 2013 requires students to learn actively, independently, and critical thinking. Critical thinking is an activity through thinking about ideas related to concepts or problems. The efforts to improve critical thinking skills of learners can be done by using the appropriate learning model. One of the learning models that can be used to improve the ability of critical thinking is a problem-based learning model. This type of research is quasi experiment with randomized control-group pretest posttest design. The sample of this research choosed by used purposive sampling method. Class VIII6 as experimental class and class VIII4 as control class. Data of this research result are quantitative data of critical thinking ability. Data were analyzed by using t test. The results showed that the mean difference of posttest value with pretest value of critical thinking ability of experimental class learners is higher than control class. Hypothesis testing with t-test obtained tcalculate=2,94>ttable= 1,67, then H1 accepted. Based on these results the authors conclude that the implementation of problem-based learning model has a positive effect on the ability to think critically learners on the material additives and addictive substances.
Effect of Discovery Learning with Science Literacy Toward Students Sains Learning Competences at VII Grade
Authors: Anggraini Tut , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal , Handayani Dezi , Farma Siska Alicia
Published: September 2020

Student's learning competency which mostly still under Minimum Criterion. This is caused by lack of preparation of student in face of learning process and also more dominated by teacher centered), so the less effective learning process. These problems can be solved by applying discovery learning models containing literacy science. This research is an experimental research with randomized control group design posttest only design. The population of this study is all of the class VII registered in the academic year 2017/2018. The sample was taken by purposive sampling technique that is class VII1 as control class and class VII3 as experiment class. The research instrument used is posttest for knowledge competence and affective and psychomotor observation sheet to see students' affective and psychomotor competence. Hypothesis in this study was tested using t test. The result of the research, concluded that the application of discovery learning model of science literacy can improve the learning competence of science (cognitive, affective and psychomotor) students of class VII.
The Profile of Students’ Questions Based on Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy on Life Organizations System Topic
Authors: Hindrasti Nur Eka Kusuma , Yuliandie Hamzah , Amelia Trisna
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study to determine student questions based on Revised Bloom's Taxonomy. This study was done by quantitative approach with descriptive research method. Research data were obtained through analysis of student questions sheets and interviews. Guide the student’s question were analysid sheet was used to record student questions while learning in class. Based on the results of the analysis it is known that 20% of students' questions at the cognitive domain level C1 (Remembering), 37% at the C2 level (Understanding), 20% at the C3 level (Applying), 11,5% at the C4 level (Analyzing), 11,5% at the C5 level (Evaluating), and 0% at the C6 level (Creating). While based on the dimension of knowledge, factual level questions were asked by 26% of students, conceptual level questions by 74%, and there was no question in procedural and metacognitive level.
The Role of Family Myths in Forming the Internal Picture of Health of Student Youth
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Smirnova Eleonora Valerievna
Published: September 2020

The paper considers the role of family myths in forming the internal picture of human health. It is revealed what types of family myths about health are common among students. For science the “internal picture of health” construct is a tool for exploring the mechanisms for interaction between personality and social institution for health as well as for making practical recommendations. In the empirical study it was found that most often students show such types of family myths about health as «Psychological attitude to health» and «Diseases prevention», while the myths that form a value attitude to health, the willingness to take specific actions to maintain it are mentioned by students quite rarely. The revealed facts are explained both by the age characteristics of students and the possible specifics of the attitude to the health of modern families. The ways of further research of the problems of the internal picture of health and its socio-psychological determinants are outlined.
The Experience in the Implementation of a Regional System for Supporting the Professional Activities of Teachers in the Educational Sphere of Chechen Republic
Authors:   Chechen Institute  of Teachers’ Professional Development, Taayev Ilyas Dutsayevich
Published: September 2020

This work is devoted to the problem of improving the professional activity of teachers of the regional education system. The paper presents the system for supporting the professional activities of the teaching staff of the Chechen Republic developed by the author, which is a regional version of the implementation of the national system of teacher growth. This system is focused on a teacher’s professional and personal development and on building an individual trajectory for advanced training, taking into account the characteristics of the teacher's personal sphere, their cognitive style. Algorithms of the procedural part of the system have been developed, allowing to represent the sequence of actions during the implementation of the system, which makes it possible to reproduce this experience in the conditions of any regional educational sphere. The fundamental difference between the proposed system and the existing one lies in the introduction of a psychological component and the development of an individual trajectory for advanced training for each teacher.
“Que con esto obrará en justicia”: un inédito juvenil y muy jurídico de Alfonso Reyes
Authors: Arenal Fenochio Jaime del
Published: September 2020

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Preguntas a la coyuntura. Reflexiones, problemas y preocupaciones acerca del trabajo docente, el uso de las tecnologías y las desigualdades ante la pandemia
Authors: Socolovsky Yamile
Published: September 2020

Me propongo desarrollar una breve reflexión en torno al tema de las condiciones del trabajo docente en las universidades, a partir de varias preocupaciones que cobran especial urgencia y visibilidad en el actual contexto generado por la pandemia del Covid-19, para intentar ponerlas en la perspectiva de ciertos debates previos que organizan una mirada crítica sobre la universidad. Esta perspectiva asume su compromiso inicial con una concepción política que entiende que la universidad debe constituirse como un territorio de derechos. Porque la educación es en general, y también en el nivel superior, un derecho humano universal, como lo sostuviera la Declaración de la Conferencia Regional de Educación Superior en 2008 y tal como se reafirmó en la última CRES, realizada en junio de 2018, en coincidencia con la celebración del Centenario de la Reforma Universitaria de Córdoba. Y porque, al mismo tiempo, el conjunto de la actividad que se desarrolla en las instituciones que conforman el sistema universitario público encuentra su sentido y legitimación en su vocación y capacidad de ofrecer al conjunto de nuestro pueblo un ámbito en el cual la enseñanza, la formación de profesionales, la producción de conocimiento, la circulación de saberes, la restitución de memorias colectivas, la contribución al debate democrático y las numerosas tareas que en ellas pueden realizarse y promoverse, se orienten a la construcción de una sociedad más igualitaria, más respetuosa de las diversidades, más capaz de asegurar una vida digna para sus integrantes, en un mundo más habitable. Es en este sentido que sostenemos que la universidad es un derecho colectivo de nuestro pueblo. En esta perspectiva entendemos, además, que la actividad académica que llamamos docencia universitaria (y que trasciende, pero a la vez mantiene en su centro, la función de la enseñanza) es en sentido propio un trabajo, y que, por lo tanto las condiciones adecuadas para su realización y protección deben ser también reconocidas como derechos fundamentales de las personas. En estos términos, la universidad en tanto que “territorio de derechos” debe ser concebida de manera integral, como un ámbito en el cual la vigencia de los derechos laborales y sindicales sus trabajadoras y trabajadores no puede escindirse de la promoción y garantía del derecho a la educación, al conocimiento y la cultura que es responsabilidad de las instituciones asegurar.
Retórica de la expectativa
Authors: Arriaga Benítez Juan Manuel
Published: September 2020

La próxima película del director Denis Villeneuve, Dune, ha mostrado una creciente aceptación por parte de varios sectores de su potencial audiencia; en común estos sectores se manifiestan anuentes sobre la compatibilidad del director con la película que está pronta a estrenarse, sobre todo debido al género cinematográfico (épica) que ésta aborda. El presente artículo constituye un estudio que pretende responder al por qué la aceptación unánime ha creado expectativas tan altas y al cómo las muestras prediscursivas de Villeneuve que se han mediatizado han garantizado hasta ahora la satisfacción de los estándares de calidad esperados. Se estudia la cuestión planteada desde la teoría aristotélica sobre el ethos retórico y su influencia en la anuencia del público; se toman en consideración el estudio de los conceptos compatibles con el ethos para obtener conclusiones certeras y hacer que el núcleo de la cuestión analizada sea más claro: la “metaficción” como elemento prediscursivo de formulación diegética, las “comunidades interpretativas” como receptoras y conformadoras de un marco de valores de referencia relacionados con la metaficción del filme y la “seudo-interactividad” como proceso para generar anuencia y enfatizar el ethos del autor. Se ha inferido primordialmente que Dune puede convertirse en un triunfo de colectivización metaficcional capaz de fomentar una apreciación más centrada en la calidad de la propuesta que en la trama.
Bilim Tarihi Tutum Ölçeği: Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: ALIŞIR Zeynep Neslihan , DENİZ Levent , İREZ Osman Serhat
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmen adaylarının bilim
tarihine ve bilim tarihini derslerinde kullanmalarına yönelik tutumlarını
ortaya çıkaracak bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ilgili alan
yazın taranarak madde havuzu oluşturulmuş ve bu madde havuzunda yer alan
maddelerin kapsam geçerliğinin sağlanması için uzman görüşüne başvurulmuştur.
Araştırma, geliştirilen ölçeğin ön formu ve son formu iki ayrı örneklem
üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin ön formu uygulandığı 183 öğretmen adayına
uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin ön formunun yapı geçerliği için Açımlayıcı Faktör
Analizi uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğine ilişkin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık
katsayısına bakılmış, üst %27 ile alt %27 grupların madde ortalamaları
arasındaki farkların anlamlılığı incelenmiş ve faktörler arasında anlamlı bir
ilişki bulunup bulunmadığını belirlemek amacıyla Pearson çarpım moment
korelasyonları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında geliştirilen
ölçeğin son formu 113 öğretmen adayına uygulanmış ve elde edilen verilerle yapı
geçerliği için Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi yapılmış; güvenirlik çalışması için
Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı, faktörler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki
bulunup bulunmadığını belirlemek amacıyla da pearson çarpım moment
korelasyonları hesaplanmıştır. İki aşamalı gerçekleştirilen bu ölçek geliştirme
çalışmasının sonucunda beşli likert tipte, 29 maddeden oluşan ve 3 faktörlü
Bilim Tarihi Tutum Ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin geneli için Cronbach alfa
iç tutarlık katsayısı 0.95; Bilim Tarihi Yönteminin Öğrenmeye Katkısı (Faktör
1) için 0.93, Bilim Tarihi İlgi (Faktör 2) için 0.92 ve Bir Öğretim Yöntemi
Olarak Bilim Tarihi (Faktör 3) için 0.85 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Tüm analizler
sonucunda Bilim Tarihi Tutum Ölçeği’nin öğretmen adaylarının bilim tarihine ve
bilim tarihini derslerinde kullanmalarına yönelik tutumlarının ortaya
çıkarılmasında kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu
saptanmıştır.
Öğretmenlerin Akıllı Tahta Kabulü ve Kullanımını Etkileyen Faktörler: Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli
Authors: AVCI Süleyman , ÇAKIR Mustafa
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı öğretmenlerin etkileşimli akıllı tahtaları kullanma niyetini ve kullanma davranışını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, Birleşik Teknoloji Kabulü ve Kullanımı Teorisi-2 çerçevesinde tasarlanmıştır. Akıllı tahtalar kullanma davranışı üzerine etkisi incelenen dışsal değişkenler; performans beklentisi, çaba beklentisi, sosyal etki, kolaylaştırıcı şartlar, hedonik motivasyon, fiyat değeri, alışkanlıktır. Davranışsal niyet araştırmada aracı değişkendir. Araştırmanın verileri ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise düzeylerinde görev yapan 330 öğretmenden toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Birleşik Teknoloji Kabulü ve Kullanımı Teorisi-2 ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Dışsal değişkenlerin, içsel değişken üzerine etkisi yapısal eşitlik model analiziyle test edilmiştir. Bulgular dışsal değişkenlerin davranışsal niyetteki varyansın yüzde 62’sini yordadığını göstermektedir. Kolaylaştırıcı koşullar, alışkanlık ve davranışsal niyet birlikte kullanma davranışındaki varyansın yüzde 43’ünü yordamaktadır. Davranışsal niyet için, kolaylaştırıcı şartlar, performans beklentisi, fiyat değeri, alışkanlık anlamlı yordayıcılardır. Kullanım davranışı için ise alışkanlık ve davranışsal niyet anlamlı yordayıcılardır. Elde edilen sonuçlar modelle oldukça uyumludur. Öğretmenlerin interaktif akıllı tahtaları başarılı bir şekilde benimsemeleri için düşünülmesi gerekli olan öneriler sunulmuştur.
Fen Bilgisi Öğretmen Adaylarının 3D Teknolojilerini Öğrenme ve Uygulama Deneyimleri: Tinkercad Örneği
Authors: DOĞAN Alev , ULUAY Gülşah
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı 3D tasarım programlarından biri olan Tinkercad Programının kullanımıyla ilgili fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarına eğitim vermek ve adayların söz konusu programın fen derslerinde kullanımına yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 2016-2017 bahar döneminde 7 hafta süren bir eğitim programı yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu bir devlet üniversitesinin son sınıfında öğrenim gören 40 fen bilgisi öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma deseni, durum araştırması olarak belirlenmiştir. Nitel verilerden oluşan araştırmanın veri toplama araçları yarı yapılandırılırmış görüşme formu ve öğretmen adaylarının hazırladıkları dokümanlardır. Görüşme süreci 3 adet açık uçlu sorudan oluşturulan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile yürütülmüştür. Doküman hazırlama süreci ise Tinkercad programının fen derslerinde kullanımına yönelik görüşlerin açıklanmasıyla tamamlanmıştır. Veri analizi aşamasında, nitel analiz yöntemlerinden içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analiz sonuçlarına göre, öğretmen adayları Tinkercad Programını kullanırken ve uygulama yaparken zorluk yaşamadıklarını belirtmiş ve programın fen derslerinde uygulanabilir olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca, gelecekteki mesleki yaşantılarında kendi sınıflarında programı kullanacaklarını da belirtmişlerdir.
Biochemical, functional, and histopathologic characterization of lomustine-induced liver injury in dogs
Authors: Dedeaux Andrea M. , Flesner Brian K. , Reinhart Jennifer M. , Langohr Ingeborg M. , Husnik Roman , Geraci Shawn N. , Taboada Joseph , Rademacher Nathalie , Thombs Lori A. , Bryan Jeffrey N. , Trepanier Lauren A. , Boudreaux Bonnie B.
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the biochemical, functional, and histopathologic changes associated with lomustine-induced liver injury in dogs.

ANIMALS

I0 healthy purpose-bred sexually intact female hounds.

PROCEDURES

Dogs were randomly assigned to receive lomustine (approx 75 mg/m2, PO, q 21 d for 5 doses) alone (n = 5) or with prednisone (approx 1.5 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h for 12 weeks; 5). For each dog, a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, liver function testing, urinalysis, and ultrasonographic examination of the liver with acquisition of liver biopsy specimens were performed before and at predetermined times during and after lomustine administration. Results were compared between dogs that did and did not receive prednisone.

RESULTS

7 of the I0 dogs developed clinical signs of liver failure. For all dogs, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, bile acid concentrations, and liver histologic score increased and hepatic reduced glutathione content decreased over time. Peak serum ALT (r = 0.79) and ALP (r = 0.90) activities and bile acid concentration (r = 0.68) were positively correlated with the final histologic score. Prednisone did not appear to have a protective effect on histologic score.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In dogs, liver enzyme activities, particularly ALT and ALP activities, should be closely monitored during lomustine treatment and acute increases in those activities may warrant discontinuation of lomustine to mitigate liver injury. Nonspecific ultrasonographic findings and abnormal increases in liver function tests were not detected until the onset of clinical liver failure. Glutathione depletion may have a role in lomustine-induced hepatopathy and warrants further investigation.
Comparison of intestinal leak pressure between cadaveric canine and commercial synthetic intestinal tissue that did and did not undergo enterotomy
Authors: Regier Penny J. , Fealey Mark J. , Kim Stanley E. , Case J. Brad , Garcia-Pereira Fernando
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

To compare initial leak pressure (ILP) between cadaveric canine and synthetic small intestinal segments that did and did not undergo enterotomy.

SAMPLE

Eight 8-cm grossly normal jejunal segments from 1 canine cadaver and eight 8-cm synthetic small intestinal segments.

PROCEDURES

Intestinal segments were randomly assigned to undergo enterotomy (6 cadaveric and 6 synthetic segments) or serve as untreated controls (2 cadaveric and 2 synthetic segments). For segments designated for enterotomy, a 2-cm full-thickness incision was created along the antimesenteric border. The incision was closed in a single layer with 4-0 suture in a simple continuous pattern. Leak testing was performed with intestinal segments occluded at both ends and infused with dilute dye solution (999 mL/h) until the solution was observed leaking from the suture line or serosal tearing occurred. Intraluminal pressure was continuously monitored. The ILP at construct failure was compared between cadaveric and synthetic control segments and between cadaveric and synthetic enterotomy segments.

RESULTS

Mean ± SD ILP did not differ significantly between cadaveric (345.11 ± 2.15 mm Hg) and synthetic (329.04 ± 24.69 mm Hg) control segments but was significantly greater for cadaveric enterotomy segments (60.77 ± 15.81 mm Hg), compared with synthetic enterotomy segments (15.03 ± 6.41 mm Hg).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Leak testing should not be used to assess the accuracy or security of enterotomy suture lines in synthetic intestinal tissue. Synthetic intestinal tissue is best used for students to gain confidence and proficiency in performing enterotomies before performing the procedure on live animals.
A Ninfa como personagem teórica de Aby Warburg
Authors: Queiroz Campos Daniela
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo objetiva abordar a ninfa como personagem nas obras do historiador da arte Aby Warburg. Para alcançar tal intento, se exercitará uma dupla atividade de investigação. A ninfa será pesquisada a partir das apresentações imagéticas analisas pelo historiador da arte alemão, mas também como personagem teórica, na qual pode-se perceber parte considerável dos preceitos imagéticos cunhados por Warburg, tais quais: Nachleben – cunhado por Springer –, Pathosformel e Mnemosyne. Este artigo foi dividido em três principais partes, cada uma delas tem como mote um texto e um conceito. Partiu-se da correspondência da “Ninfa Florentina” e do conceito de Nachleben. Em seguida, analisou-se a tese de doutorado sobre “O Nascimento de Vênus e a Primavera de Sandro Botticelli” e a Pathosformel. E num terceiro momento, o conceito de memória foi problematizado no Bilderatlas Mnemosyne. Para além dos escritos de Aby Warburg, este artigo aponta uma pós-vida da personagem também por meio de exegetas do historiador da arte que pesquisam e escrevem sobre a temática nos séculos XX e XXI.
Transmisión y diálogo como Nachleben
Authors: Despoix Philippe , Tomm Jillian
Published: September 2020

Este artículo traza la relación entre un historiador de la filosofía y el círculo intelectual de la Kulturwissenschafltliche Bibliothek Warburg a través de un grupo de documentos archivísticos que han aparecido recientemente. Empapado del mundo multidisciplinario y colectivo de la biblioteca de Aby Warburg en Hamburgo, Raymond Klibansky maduró junto con la propia biblioteca, participando y dirigiendo una serie de proyectos central a la identidad del Warburg Institute, tal como renació en Inglaterra en la década de 1930, como por ejemplo la edición del Corpus Platonicum Medii Aevi en latín y arabe, y el famoso Saturn and Melancholy co-escrito con Erwin Panofsky and Fritz Saxl. Esta breve mirada ilustra la persistencia del enfoque en el pluralismo y la transmisión entendida como Nachleben en el corazón del empeño humanista, y esboza el alcance de la obra de este erudito, para quien el método warburgiano fue clave en su desarrollo y en su activismo a lo largo del siglo XX.
A Guide for Cooperative Teachers to Enhance Vocabulary Acquisition Through The Use of Animated Television Series in the Fourth Grade at a Primary School
Authors: Hoyos Jairo A.
Published: September 2020

Se extrajo vocabulario de algunos episodios de las series animadas de televisión Peppa Pig y Horrid Henry, con el objetivo de diseñar una guia docente para profesores cooperadores. Esto es debido a que se manifesta una gran brecha que los practicantes dejan cuando terminan su proceso de práctica docente hasta que llega un nuevo practicante. Los estudiantes no solo aprendieron vocabulario sino que fortalecieron todas las habilidades lingüísticas. La metodología implementada fue investigación.

Con respecto a los resultados; Las encuestas, las observaciones, los diarios, los ejercicios y las notas finales se evidenció que enseñar vocabulario a través del uso de series de televisión animadas impactó e incrementó la motivación de los estudiantes y la interacción de la clase. No solo la motivación de los estudiantes se vio influida, sino que los resultados de sus exámenes aseguraron la eficacia de trabajar con caricaturas animadas para aprender vocabulario en el aula. En conclusión, el uso de este tipo de material autentico en la clase de inglés genera un gran impacto en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de cada estudiante como también mejora la adquisición de vocabulario.
Identificación de los espacios laborales de las personas en situación de discapacidad física en las empresas de vigilancia de Neiva en el marco de las exenciones tributarias
Authors: Huergo Tobar Pedro Luis , Claros Sáenz Leidy Yohanna
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo presenta la incidencia de la exención tributaria en las empresas de vigilancia de la ciudad de Neiva (Colombia) por contratar personas con algún tipo de limitante físico. Además, se buscó identificar los espacios laborales existentes para estas personas y si se está contribuyendo en una contratación más incluyente. La investigación es de tipo descriptivo no experimental de enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal. Para ello se aplicaron 48 encuestas en las empresas de Vigilancia de Neiva, resultantes de muestreo aleatorio simple. Se halló que el único espacio laboral existente de mayor contratación para las personas en situación de discapacidad física es el de servicio de vigilante. Por otra parte, se idéntico que los cargos administrativos en estas empresas son adjudicados a personas consideradas normales. Finalmente, pese a conocer los beneficios tributarios, esto no influye para contratar personas con discapacidad y el principal factor para laborar es poseer una adecuada capacitación.
Estudios interdisciplinarios de la complejidad
Authors: Vera Cuenca Jasmidt , Montealegre Cárdenas Mauro , Londoño Betancourth Gustavo
Published: September 2020

El sistema educativo colombiano, en todos los niveles, ha sido dominado por el ejercicio de las disciplinas fragmentadas con métodos reduccionistas, descontextualizados y poco pertinentes, en contravía del ejercicio de la solución de problemas que plantean las ciencias y la cotidianidad, que para su tratamiento también requieren connaturalmente de pedagogías enfocadas desde las ciencias de la complejidad, y abordados interdisciplinariamente. Para avanzar en la superación de este problema, que es determinante para el bienestar de nuestra sociedad, nos vinculamos con las características del paradigma de la complejidad: no linealidad, resonancias, teoría del caos, creatividad generada por estructuras disipativas lejos del equilibrio y complejidad emergente.
The Digestive Tract Morphology and Clark index of Mud Sleeper Butis koilomatodon Living in some Coastal and Estuarine areas belonging to Tra Vinh, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu and Ca Mau
Authors: Quang Dinh Minh , Nha Y Nguyen Thi , Huyen Tran Lam Thi , Gieo Phan Thanh
Published: September 2020

This study provides new data on the characteristics of the gastrointestinal morphology and the variation of Clark index according to sexes, fish size groups, seasons and sampling sites of mud sleeper Butis koilomatodon, one of the commercially valuable gobiid species in the Mekong Delta. Analytical results of 1,227 fish samples collected monthly from April 2019 to March 2020 in Duyen Hai (Tra Vinh), Cu Lao Dung (Soc Trang), Tran De (Soc Trang), Hoa Binh (Bac Lieu), Dong Hai (Bac Lieu) and Dam Doi (Ca Mau) showed that this species had a slightly sloping mouth, the length between two jaws was relatively equal, teeth were small and grew in long lines on both jaws with the outer row having larger teeth. The length of the gut was shorter than the total length of the fish and so this species belonged to predator group. The Clark index depended on length of fish, sampling time and site but excluding season and gender. It was also effected by interactions of fish length x season; fish length x site and season x site. Conversly, the interactions of gender x season and gender x site did not impact on the Clark index. The outcomes of research will provide useful data in artificial aquaculture Butis koilomatodon.
Access to justice and problems of its restriction in criminal proceedings in Russia
Authors: Maslennikova Larisa Nikolaevna , Topilina Tatiana
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the controversial issues of defining the concepts of "right of access", "accessibility of justice to justice", "accessibility of court", "access to court", as well as the problems of restricting access to justice in criminal proceedings. The authors analyze in detail the existing approaches to the definition of these concepts. The subject of the study is the norms of Russian and foreign legislation regulating the right to access to justice in criminal proceedings. The object of the study is the legal relations arising from the realization of the right to access to justice. When writing the work, the following methods were used: universal system method of cognition, comparative legal, formal legal, statistical methods, as well as the method of logical analysis of normative legal acts. It is shown that the concept of "accessibility of justice" expresses an external objective factor unrelated to the criminal justice system, and "access to justice" in criminal proceedings should be considered as an internal objective factor, an intra-system factor associated with the very architecture of the construction of criminal proceedings, due to its public-legal nature. The authors analyze the study of complaints about the restriction of the right to access to justice received by the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation. The conclusion is substantiated that it is necessary to create a fundamentally new algorithm (legislative model) of the initial stage of criminal proceedings, providing access to justice without destroying the fundamental basis of criminal proceedings, while maintaining an optimal ratio between public and dispositive beginnings of criminal proceedings.
Barga as part of the sphere of Russian Strategic interests in East Asia in the First Quarter of the twentieth century: contractual aspect
Authors: Dudin Pavel Nikolaevich
Published: September 2020

Based on previously unexplored treaties and agreements, the article provides an analysis of the non-military mechanism for ensuring Russia's interests in Manchuria against the background of the formation and development of the statehood of the Hulunbuir district, known in the Mongolian-speaking world as Barga. Having played the Russo-Japanese War and lost a number of supporting territories, the Russian Empire took all necessary measures to preserve and strengthen its influence in the region and was able to form zones of preferential interests, thanks to which it managed to control the process of acquiring relative independence of the Barge in a favorable light for itself. The research methods were data collection; thematic monitoring of scientific publications; method of analysis of documentary streams; systematic approach. В В  The main conclusions of the study are that within the framework of the studied agreements, Russian national interests in the Far East were reliably protected. The instrument for this was concessions, which by their legal nature differed significantly from the concessions and settlements created by foreign powers in Eastern China, but could fully ensure the Russian presence and respect for strategic interests. Also among the conclusions is the judgment that the created system has shown its effectiveness, however, following the revolutionary events and the death of the Russian Empire, it could not survive the political crises that came during this period. The Chinese leadership, taking advantage of the turmoil that arose in Russia, liquidated first the autonomy of Outer Mongolia, and then the status of Hulunbuir stipulated in the agreements.
About the origin of the names Essentuk, Essentuchok and Essentuki
Authors: Fomenko Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2020

The subject of the research in this article are the toponyms Essentuk, Essentuchok and Essentuki. The purpose of the work is to determine their origin. The author relies on the data of studies of the remains of the Golden Horde mausoleums of the XIV century, carried out in the second half of the XX and the beginning of the XXI century. on the outskirts and in the vicinity of the city of Essentuki, Stavropol Territory. The article takes into account the previously revealed connection between the mausoleums of the XIV century. the valley of the Podkumok River and the Kabardian-Abaza tombstones of the 18th century Cheshane located here. It is also important that during the construction of the Essentuki redoubt at the end of the XVIII century. the main population of the surrounding area were Kabardins and Abazins. In the work, the author applied an integrated approach and used various methods of historical and philological sciences. This allowed not only to speak more definitely about the origin of the toponyms Essentuk, Essentuchok and Essentuki, but also to approach the possibility of further reconstructions of the history of the Central Caucasus of the pre-Russian and Russian eras.As a result of the study, it was concluded that the name Essentuk (in later versions - Essentuchok and Essentuki) comes from the Kabardian phrase Esen tIygu - the edge (region or border) of Esen or Esen. The personal name Esen has a Turkic-Mongolian origin and is only occasionally found in the anthroponymy of the Adygs and neighboring peoples.The scope of application of the results is the history of the North Caucasus, research in the field of toponymy, museum and exhibition and excursion work, the creation of popular science and educational films.
Resistência insulínica e aumento do risco cardiovascular: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Rodrigues Laryssa de Lacerda , Celestino Isadora Thamires Pacheco , Campos Alice Ferraz , Costa Anna Carolina Motta , Pinheiro Ariel Andrade , Oliveira Bárbara Campolina , Dos Santos Araújo Edmundo Nunes , Custódio Lucas Mendes , França Nathália Carvalho , Matos Vitor Caldeira
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica a fim de analisar o impacto cardiovascular provocado pela resistência à insulina. Revisão Bibliográfica: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico do período de 1979 a 2020 na base de dados Pubmed. Foram selecionados 20 artigos científicos de revisão de literatura nos quais a resistência insulínica (RI) aparece como fator de risco complementar e independente para o desenvolvimento de anormalidades cardiovasculares. Foi observado que as principais alterações vasculares decorrem da relação entre a RI e disfunções endoteliais, inflamatórias e hidroeletrolíticas, as quais culminam primordialmente em Hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS). Com relação ao efeito cardíaco, observou-se uma relação entre a RI e alterações da contratilidade e do metabolismo dos cardiomiócitos, resultando principalmente em distúrbios de ejeção e Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC). Considerações finais: A relação entre RI e DCV se mostrou de suma importância, sendo assim, de interesse à prática clínica no desenvolvimento de terapêuticas e propedêuticas que perpassam estes conhecimentos fisiopatológicos.
O trabalho interprofissional nas visitas domiciliares do PET-saúde: um relato de experiência
Authors: Ferreira Tereza Cristina dos Reis , Nunes Erica Feio Carneiro , Bezerra Nilson Veloso , Lopes Ana Carolina de Souza , Gomes Andreya Araújo , Conceição Anne Beatriz Duarte da , Moura Bárbara Corrêa , Galhardo Deizyane dos Reis , Lima Gabriel Paz de , Ribeiro Junior Willame Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de graduandos em saúde de uma universidade estadual, participantes do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde - PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade, em visitas domiciliares a idosos atendidos pela equipe. Relato de experiência: Realizou-se visitas semanais com 5 idosos durante dois meses de 2019, além da aplicação de escalas de avaliação e o preenchimento da caderneta do idoso e pode-se observar: a falta de apoio familiar, fatores de riscos, negligência quanto a alimentação ou uso de medicamentos, entre outras situações. Ressalta-se que apesar das limitações, a diversidade de áreas do grupo permitiu uma visão conjunta e interprofissional, analisando aspectos essenciais para o trabalho envolvendo o idoso em seu aspecto biopsicossocial e possibilitando a construção do Projeto Terapêutico Singular (PTS). Considerações finais: As visitas domiciliares são uma estratégia para o acompanhamento do idoso em vários âmbitos, além de contribuir para a formação acadêmica e profissional, desenvolvendo competências voltadas para o atendimento humanizado.
O estresse em acadêmicos de enfermagem no ensino clínico: uma pesquisa integrativa
Authors: Souza Flávia dos Santos Lugão de , Hanzelmann Renata da Silva , Passos Joanir Pereira
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores predisponentes ao estresse em acadêmicos de enfermagem em ensino clínico registrados na literatura científica. Métodos: Consta de uma Revisão Integrativa da literatura. Os dados foram coletados a partir de publicações nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram selecionados 212 artigos, após os critérios de inclusão somente 18 artigos foram utilizados no estudo. Resultados: O ensino clínico é entendido como um instrumento para formação dos profissionais de enfermagem, nele se desenvolvem habilidades profissionais e se aperfeiçoam técnicas e procedimentos realizados diariamente no exercício da profissão. Os estudantes de enfermagem experimentam elevados níveis de estresse, pela maior proximidade e permanência junto a pacientes. Os fatores predisponentes ao estresse dependem de cada indiví­duo, englobando fatores assentados na personalida­de, autoestima e resistência orgânica. Os acadêmicos de enfermagem estão cercados diariamente por conflitos, devido estar em contato com a dor e o sofrimento humano. Considerações finais: Verificou-se que o estresse está presente em todos os períodos de formação acadêmica, com tendência a se intensificar com o início das atividades práticas de ensino clínico. Quanto mais avançado o período em que o aluno se encontra, maior seu nível de estresse.
Exclusive solution discharge in Li-O2 batteries
Authors: Prehal Christian , Samojlov Aleksej , Nachtnebel Manfred , Lovicar Ludek , Kriechbaum Manfred , Amenitsch Heinz , Freunberger Stefan
Published: September 2020

Electrodepositing insulating and insoluble Li2O2 is the key process during discharge of aprotic Li-O2 batteries and determines rate, capacity, and reversibility. Current understanding states that the partition between surface adsorbed and solvated LiO2 governs whether Li2O2 grows as surface film or particles, leading to low or high capacities, respectively. Here we show that Li2O2 forms exclusively as particles via solution mediated LiO2 disproportionation. We describe a unified O2 reduction mechanism that conclusively explains capacity limitations across the whole range of electrolytes. Low-donor-number electrolytes are shown to accelerate disproportionation rather than slowing it down. Deciding for particle morphology and achievable capacities are species mobilities, true areal rate and the rate at which associated LiO2 forms in solution. Provided that species mobilities and surface are high, this allows for high capacities even with low-donor-number electrolytes, previously considered prototypical for low capacity via surface growth. The tools for these insights include microscopy, hydrodynamic voltammetry, a numerical reaction model, and in situ small/wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS). Combined with sophisticated data analysis, SAXS allows retrieving rich quantitative information from complex multi-phase systems. On a wider perspective, this SAXS method is a powerful in situ metrology with atomic to sub-micron resolution to study mechanisms in complex electrochemical systems and beyond.
Host-Guest Interactions on Electrode Surfaces for Immobilization of Molecular Catalysts
Authors: Sévery Laurent , Szczerbiński Jacek , Taskin Mert , Tuncay Isik , Nunes Fernanda Brandalise , Cignarella Chiara , Tocci Gabriele , Blacque Olivier , Osterwalder Juerg , Zenobi Renato , Iannuzzi Marcella , Tilley David
Published: September 2020

The strategy of anchoring molecular catalysts on electrode surfaces combines the high selectivity and activity of molecular systems with the practicality of heterogeneous systems. The stability of molecular catalysts is, however, far less than that of traditional heterogeneous electrocatalysts, and therefore a method to easily replace anchored molecular catalysts that have degraded could make such electrosynthetic systems more attractive. Here, we apply a non-covalent “click” chemistry approach to reversibly bind molecular electrocatalysts to electrode surfaces via host-guest complexation with surface-anchored cyclodextrins. The host-guest interaction is remarkably strong and allows the flow of electrons between the electrode and the guest catalyst. Electrosynthesis in both organic and aqueous media was demonstrated on metal oxide electrodes, with stability on the order of hours. The catalytic surfaces can be recycled by controlled release of the guest from the host cavities and readsorption of fresh guest. This strategy represents a new approach to practical molecular-based catalytic systems.
Developing and Implementing a Specifications Grading System in an Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course
Authors: Howitz William J. , McKnelly Kate J. , Link Renee
Published: September 2020

Large, multi-section laboratory courses are particularly challenging when managing grading with as many as 35 teaching assistants (TAs). Traditional grading systems using point-based rubrics lead to significant variations in how individual TAs grade, which necessitates the use of curving across laboratory sections. Final grade uncertainty perpetuates student anxieties and disincentivizes a collaborative learning environment, so we adopted an alternative grading system, called specifications grading. In this system each student knows exactly what level of proficiency they must demonstrate to earn their desired course grade. Higher grades require demonstrating mastery of skills and content at defined higher levels. Each students’ grade is solely dependent on the work they produce rather than the performance of other students. We piloted specifications grading in the smaller, third quarter course of the lower division organic chemistry laboratory series held during a summer term. Open-ended questions were chosen to gather student and TA perceptions of the new grading system. TAs felt that the new grading system reduced the weekly grading time because it was less ambiguous. Responses from students about the nature of the grading system were mixed. Their perceptions indicate that initial buy-in and multiple reminders about the bigger picture of the grading system will be essential to the success of this grading system on a larger scale.
Infrared Hide-and-Seek: Vibrational Excitons Conceal Surfactants at the Air/Water Interface
Authors: Carter-Fenk Kimberly A. , Carter-Fenk Kevin , Fiamingo Michelle E , Allen Heather , Herbert John M.
Published: September 2020

Surface-sensitive vibrational spectroscopy is a common tool for measuring molecular organization and intermolecular interactions at interfaces. Peak intensity ratios are typically used to extract molecular information from one-dimensional spectra but vibrational coupling between surfactant molecules can manifest as signal depletion in one-dimensional spectra. Through a combination of experiment and theory, we demonstrate the emergence of vibrational excitons in infrared reflection-absorption spectra of soluble and insoluble surfactants at the air/water interface. Vibrational coupling yields a signicant decrease in peak intensities corresponding to C-F vibrational modes of perfluorooctanoic acid molecules. Vibrational excitons also form between arachidic acid surfactants within a compressed monolayer, manifesting as signal reduction of C-H stretching modes. The aqueous phase ionic composition impacts surfactant intermolecular distances, thereby modulating vibrational coupling strength between surfactants. Our results serve as a cautionary tale against employing alkyl and fluoroalkyl vibrational peak intensities in analyses that are ubiquitous in interface science.
Native Ubiquitin Structural Changes Resulting from Complexation with β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA)
Authors: Wilson Katie Mae , Burkus-Matesevac Aurora , Maddox Samuel , Chouinard Christopher
Published: September 2020

β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) has been linked to the development of neurodegenerative (ND) symptoms following chronic environmental exposure through water and dietary sources. The brains of those affected by this condition, often referred to as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS-PDC), have exhibited the presence of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) from protein aggregation. Although numerous studies have sought to better understand the correlation between BMAA exposure and onset of ND symptoms, no definitive link has been identified. One prevailing hypothesis is that BMAA acts a small molecule ligand, complexing with critical proteins in the brain and reducing their function. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of BMAA exposure on the native structure of ubiquitin. We hypothesized that formation of a Ubiquitin+BMAA noncovalent complex would alter the protein’s structure and folding and ultimately affect the ubiquitinproteasome system (UPS) and the unfolded protein response (UPR). Ion mobility-mass spectrometry revealed that at sufficiently high concentrations BMAA did in fact form a noncovalent complex with ubiquitin, however similar complexes were identified for a range of additional amino acids. Collision induced unfolding (CIU) was used to interrogate the unfolding dynamics of native ubiquitin and these Ubq-amino acid complexes and it was determined that complexation with BMAA led to a significant alteration in native protein size and conformation, and this complex required considerably more energy to unfold. This indicates that the complex remains more stable under native conditions and this may indicate that BMAA has attached to a critical binding location.