bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I. Kant: aesthetics and the world concept of philosophy
Authors: Kormin Nikolai Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study is to identify inimitable examples of the introduction of aesthetic content into the Western European metaphysical tradition, as it was embodied in Kant's understanding of the world concept of philosophy, which has certain aesthetic connotations. In the article, the author analyzes new stages of the movement towards the world concept of philosophy, on which the aesthetic meaning of the basic structures of transcendentalism is explicitly or implicitly realized: the art of schematism as a world concept of epistemology; the world concept of art as an organ of understanding artistic works. In addition, this discussion becomes particularly relevant when they seek to reveal how much the concept of schematism allows us to advance to the explanation of the world concept of philosophy. The work reveals how Kant reproduces the definition of the world concept of philosophy according to a certain model, while posing the problem of the typical embodiment of the idea, the ideal of the philosopher as a model. In this connection, a new complication of aesthetic analysis is being carried out in order to show how the world concept of philosophy was personified and presented as if in the ideal of the philosopher as a model. Therefore, the paradox of the world concept of philosophy lies in the fact that we have to talk about a sample of what does not yet exist. The author reproduces a transcendental language that will reveal the movement of aesthetic thought into the center of the world concept of philosophy, where the traditional artistic technique of personification of the philosopher's ideal as a model is performed, where the contemplation of meaning is transferred into the universality of the concept, into the contours of metaphysics.
Active learning with label quality control
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Chi Xurong , Song Yanzhi , Yang Zhouwang
Published: September 2023

Training deep neural networks requires a large number of labeled samples, which are typically provided by crowdsourced workers or professionals at a high cost. To obtain qualified labels, samples need to be relabeled for inspection to control the quality of the labels, which further increases the cost. Active learning methods aim to select the most valuable samples for labeling to reduce labeling costs. We designed a practical active learning method that adaptively allocates labeling resources to the most valuable unlabeled samples and the most likely mislabeled labeled samples, thus significantly reducing the overall labeling cost. We prove that the probability of our proposed method labeling more than one sample from any redundant sample set in the same batch is less than 1/k, where k is the number of the k-fold experiment used in the method, thus significantly reducing the labeling resources wasted on redundant samples. Our proposed method achieves the best level of results on benchmark datasets, and it performs well in an industrial application of automatic optical inspection.
Dieting alleviates hyperuricemia and organ injuries in uricase-deficient rats via down-regulating cell cycle pathway
Authors: Yu Yun , Wan Xulian , Li Dan , Qi Yalin , Li Ning , Luo Guangyun , Yin Hua , Wang Lei , Qin Wan , Li Yongkun , Li Lvyu , Duan Weigang
Published: September 2023

Dieting is a basic treatment for lowering hyperuricemia. Here, we aimed to determine the optimal amount of dietary food that lowers serum uric acid (SUA) without modifying the dietary ingredients in rats. Increased SUA was found in food-deprived 45-day-old uricase-deficient rats (Kunming-DY rats), and the optimal amount of dietary food (75% dietary intake) to lower SUA was established by controlling the amount of food given daily from 25% to 100% for 2 weeks. In addition to lowering SUA by approximately 22.5 ± 20.5%, the optimal amount of dietary food given for 2 weeks inhibited urine uric acid excretion, lowered the uric acid content in multiple organs, improved renal function, lowered serum triglyceride, alleviated organ injuries (e.g., liver, kidney and intestinal tract) at the histological level, and down-regulated the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway of the cell cycle (ko04110). Taken together, these results demonstrate that 75% dietary food effectively lowers the SUA level without modifying dietary ingredients and alleviates the injuries resulting from uricase deficiency or hyperuricemia, the mechanism of which is associated with the down-regulation of the cell cycle pathway.
Bioprospects of Tree Species in Bioremediation of Bauxite Residue
Authors: Rawat Darshita , Yadav Ashish Kumar , Dubey Kumud
Published: September 2023

Red mud or bauxite residue is a highly alkaline toxic by-product that is generated during the production of aluminum by Bayer’s process. Around 1.5 tons of bauxite residues are produced for generating 1 ton of alumina. The toxicity of bauxite residue is a major catastrophe due to its disposal management as it limits the growth of plant species because of high alkalinity and salinity. In the present study, bioprospects carried through the cyanobacterial strains (viz. Phormidium and Oscillatoria) with the planting of tree species have potentially shown successful outputs on the physical and chemical attributes of bauxite residue. The cyanobacterial strains were combined along with the microbial cultures of VAM (vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza) and PSB (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) to enhance root length, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, plant height, and chlorophyll content. The inoculated seeds of a few plant species namely, Siamese cassia, Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex. Benth., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Ex DC., Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.)., and Prosopis juliflora var. juliflora were raised to study the effect of bioremediation of bauxite residue for revegetation. Further, we also found that S. cassia, A. auriculiformis, D. sissoo, P. dulce, and P. juliflora var. juliflora thrived well on the amended bauxite residue with other useful inoculums.
Identifying F. oxysporum Strains Causing Wilt in Southern Indian Chickpeas
Authors: Srinivas Katravath , Sharma Mamta , Umadevi Gali , Kumar C. V. Sameer , Sowmya Vanama
Published: September 2023

Fusarium oxysporum (Schletend: Fr) f. sp. ciceri (Padwick), referred to as Foc, is a soil-borne fungus that poses a constant threat to chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) by causing wilt disease. Typical wilt symptoms were observed in chickpea plants collected from 24 different locations across three southern Indian states. The process involved isolating Fusarium species from the roots of these wilted plants, resulting in the identification of various strains exhibiting diverse cultural and morphological characteristics on potato dextrose agar medium. All twenty four isolates were subjected to Koch's postulates using the standard method, which yielded varied responses in terms of disease incidence. After analyzing cultural, morphological, molecular traits, and conducting pathogenicity tests, the fungus was definitively identified as F. oxysporum Schlechtend. Fr. f. sp. ciceri (Padwick) Matuo and K. Sato. Among the 24 isolates tested on the chickpea wilt susceptible cultivar JG-62, one was non-pathogenic with zero percent disease incidence (PDI), while one isolate was highly pathogenic showed 100 percent PDI. Highly pathogenic four isolate was further used for molecular identification with secreted in xylem primers (SIX). Comparative studies of cultural traits and conidial morphology among different isolates revealed variations in growth patterns, pigmentation, sporulation, and the size and structure of macro and micro conidia, as well as chlamydospores.
Enhancing the Shelf Life of Palak and Coriander through Modified Atmosphere Packaging under Diverse Storage Environments
Authors: Swetha P. S. , Kavitha M. , Praneetha S. , Amuthaselvi G. , Janaki P. , Kannan Balaji
Published: September 2023

Aim: Green leafy vegetables are renowned for their rich vitamin and mineral content as well as their nutritional value. However, these vegetables are highly perishable due to their accelerated rates of respiration and transpiration. The process of packing and the choice of packaging materials play a crucial role in extending their shelf life. The main aim of this study was to prolong the shelf life of two prominent leafy greens, Palak (Beta vulgaris L. var. bengalensis) and Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), using Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) and various packaging materials.
Study Design: The study employed an FCRD experimental design with 12 treatments and 3 replications.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Department of Vegetable Science, HC&RI, TNAU, Coimbatore during the year 2023.
Methodology: Freshly harvested Palak and Coriander were collected, sorted, and prepared as 250-gram samples. Two packaging materials (LDPE and PP) and three gas compositions (G1, G2, G3) was employed. The vegetables were stored under both ambient (35±5°C) and refrigerated (5°C) conditions and their physiological loss in weight (PLW %) was monitored. The observations were taken every day up to the spoilage of the produce.
Results: According to the research findings, vegetables could remain fresh under ambient storage for up to 4 days and under refrigeration for up to 15 days. In ambient storage conditions, Palak exhibited the longest shelf life in treatment T3 - G3M1 (4% O2, 5% CO2, LDPE), followed by T5 - G2M2 (6% O2, 5% CO2, PP). Meanwhile, Coriander showed better shelf life in treatment T2 - G2M1 (6% O2, 5% CO2, LDPE), followed by T6 - G3M2 (4% O2, 5% CO2, PP). Under refrigerated storage conditions, Palak exhibited an extended shelf life in treatment T9 - G3M1 (4% O2, 5% CO2, LDPE), followed by T12 - G3M2 (4% O2, 5% CO2, PP). For Coriander, the best results were achieved with treatment T12 - G3M2 (4% O2, 5% CO2, PP), followed by T8 - G2M1 (6% O2, 5% CO2, LDPE).
Conclusion: Proper packaging and gas composition significantly increased the shelf life of these leafy greens, offering potential benefits for both producers and consumers. Palak had a longer shelf life when stored under refrigerated conditions, up to 14 days, while Coriander could be kept fresh for up to 12 days in the refrigerator. Gas composition G3 (4% O2, 5% CO2) was found to be effective and LDPE was generally the preferred packaging material in extending the shelf life of the vegetables.
Synthesis, Characterization of Pendimethalin Encapsulated PVA Nanofiber and Its Impact on Blackgram
Authors: Saileela K. , Bharathi C. , Raja K. , Rahale C. Sharmila , Rajeswari R.
Published: September 2023

Nanotechnology operates at the nanoscale, offering precise manipulation and enhancing materials, applications, and performance across various domains. It holds promise in addressing weed-related losses, with nanofibers emerging as a noteworthy option among diverse nano-formulations. The research conducted at Centre for Agricultural Nanotechnology, TNAU, Coimbatore focuses on crafting pendimethalin-loaded PVA nanofibers. The nanofiber structure and successful pendimethalin integration were examined using SEM and FTIR analyses. Coating black gram seeds with pendimethalin-infused PVA nanofibers were assessed for their impact on growth and germination. SEM data indicated a rise in fibre diameter post-loading in PVA nanofiber-coated seeds (from 118.3 nm to 332.9 nm) and in pendimethalin-loaded PVA nanofiber coated seeds (from 339.8 nm to 664.5 nm). FTIR results validated pendimethalin presence within PVA nanofibers. Germination test demonstrated that herbicide-loaded nanofiber coatings didn't hinder germination or growth. In summary, synthesizing herbicide-loaded nanofibers and their seed coating presents a pioneering concept, warranting further exploration for its potential in weed seed germination and control.
Impact of P Enriched Compost on Growth and Yield Attributes of Barnyard Millet in Red and Black Soils of Madurai District, India
Authors: Karthiga S. , Saliha B. Bhakiyathu , Kumutha K. , Mary P. Christy Nirmala , Singh R. Durai
Published: September 2023

A field study was conducted during the summer (kharif) season of 2023 at the Lalapuram village, Thirumangalam block of Madurai district, to assess the influence of phosphorus-enriched compost on the growth and yield parameters of barnyard millet in both red and black soils. The recommend dose of barnyard millet was 40: 20: 0 kg ha -1 of NPK in which the recommended dose of P (20 kg ha -1) was given in form of enriched compost and the enrichment was done at 1: 10 ratio of P source and compost. Three different types of compost such as farmyard manure compost, municipal solid waste compost and vermicompost were enriched with two different P sources such as single super phosphate @ 100 kg / t of compost and rock phosphate @ 100 kg / t of compost. Azophos, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria based microbial consortium was added to the P enriched compost @ 2 kg / ton of compost.  Among the different combinations, application of SSP enriched vermicompost @ 750 kg ha -1 along with microbial consortium performed better in both the soils. The growth and yield attributes of barnyard millet in black soil was better compared to that of red soil. SSP enriched vermicompost @ 750 kg ha -1 along with microbial consortium recorded the highest growth parameters in terms of no. of tillers per plant (8.71), Leaf area index ( 2.98 ), root length  ( 20.7 cm) and dry matter production (5260.1 kg ha -1) at 60 DAS and yield parameters in terms of no of productive tillers (6.81), panicle length (21.4 cm), panicle weight (14.65 g), 1000 grain weight (3.24 g), grain yield (2350 kg ha -1) and stover yield (4420 kg ha -1). Hence, it was found that the application of SSP-enriched vermicompost coupled with azophos at 30 and 60 DAS of the crop growth stages, can curtail N and P fertilizer consumption by 50 and 100 percent respectively while fostering sustainable plant growth and enhancement of yield.
Effect of Site-Specific Application of N and K Fertilizers on Cashew Growth and Yield in Ochaja, Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibiremo O. S. , Akanbi O. S. O. , Ogbeide C. E.
Published: September 2023

An experiment was conducted at the Ochaja Substation of the Cocoa Research Institute in Ibadan, Nigeria. Ochaja is located in the guina savanna zone of Nigeria. Plantation soil nutrient requirements were determined prior to applying the required fertilizers. The soil was deficient in nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), with values ​​of 0.41 g/kg soil and 0.012 cmol/kg soil, respectively, at depths 0–40 cm. This value was used to calculate cashew fertilization rates of 54 kg N/ha and 84 kg K2O/ha. Based on these values, four treatment combinations of two rates of nitrogen fertilizer and two rates of potassium fertilizer were formed and applied to young cashew trees on the field. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 0 and 54 kg N/ha while the Potassium was applied at 0 and 84 kg K/ha. Treatments were placed in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, Cashew growth, nut yield and soil nutrient characteristics were measured. The first dose was applied in June while the second dose was applied in September of 2019 and 2020. Application of N fertilizer had a significant lowering effect on soil pH at both soil depths compared to the control and compared to N and K fertilizers applied together. Similarly, application of potassium-based fertilizer, with or without nitrogen fertilizer, slightly increased soil pH by 5.4%. Soil N had a significant effect (P < 0.05). Total N ranged from 0.5 g/kg to 0.7 g/kg soil for fertilizer treatments. N and K fertilizers did not significantly improve available soil phosphorus (P) across fertilization treatments. Exchangeable K in soil followed a similar trend with available P in different treatments. Yield of cashew nuts (280kg) improved significantly (P < 0.05) under application of sole nitrogen fertilizer and the control.
A Review on Nutritional and Health Benefits of Millets
Authors: Tripathi Gagan , Jitendrakumar Patel Harsh , Borah Anchita , Nath Dibyajyoti , Das Hiren , Bansal Swarnika , Singh Nikita , Singh Bal Veer
Published: September 2023

Millets are esteemed for their healthy benefit incorporates nutrients, minerals, carbohydrates, and dietary filaments source and potential medical advantages. Millets have gained attention in recent years due to their remarkable nutritional composition and potential health-promoting properties. This review examines the diverse types of millets, their historical significance, and their distribution across different cultures. The paper highlights millets' rich nutrient content, including proteins, dietary fibers, vitamins, and minerals, making them a valuable addition to a balanced diet. Furthermore, it explores the gluten-free nature of millets, catering to individuals with specific dietary requirements. The health benefits of millet consumption are discussed, focusing on their potential in preventing and managing chronic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. The presence of bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants and polyphenols, is investigated for their role in supporting these health benefits. Additionally, the review discusses the impact of millets on gut health and their future prospects to global food security and sustainability. Overall, the findings underscore millet as a promising and nutritious option for enhancing human health.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN DAN KETIDAKPUASAN TAMU HOTEL NOVOTEL: PENDEKATAN TEXT MINING ATAS ULASAN DARING PADA SITUS WEB TRIPADVISOR
Authors: Jap Victorya , Hartanto Jonathan , Wijaya Serli
Published: September 2023

Ulasan daring di internet merupakan gambaran perilaku pasca pembelian yang ditunjukkan oleh konsumen yang harus diperhatikan oleh bisnis di semua sektor termasuk perhotelan. Ulasan daring menjadi sarana bagi tamu hotel membagikan pengalaman menginap dimana bagi manajemen, ulasan daring dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk mengevaluasi layanan yang diberikan oleh hotel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penentu kepuasan dan ketidakpuasan tamu ketika menginap berdasarkan 7 atribut antara lain: hotel, service, room, food and beverage, location, security, dan price/value. Penelitian juga bertujuan mengukur konsistensi layanan yang diberikan hotel dengan brand name yang sama namun berlokasi di kota yang berbeda di Indonesia. Objek yang diteliti adalah lima properti hotel Novotel yang berada di Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Semarang, dan Bali. Text mining dilakukan atas 1.229 ulasan daring menggunakan platform daring Voyant Tools. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa hotel Novotel telah konsisten dalam menjalankan SOP terkait kualitas produk dan layanannya. Atribut service menjadi atribut utama penyebab kepuasan dan keti­dakpuasan tamu.
Strategies for Mitigating Consequences of Federal Breast Density Notifications
Authors: Liao Joshua M. , Lee Christoph I.
Published: September 2023

This Viewpoint describes new federal updates to screening mammography rules and recommends strategies for mitigating potential consequences of the rules.
Childhood bullying victimization, emotion regulation, rumination, distress tolerance, and depressive symptoms: A cross‐national examination among young adults in seven countries
Authors: Labella Madelyn H. , Klein Neelamberi D. , Yeboah Georgina , Bailey Claire , Doane Ashley N. , Kaminer Debra , Bravo Adrian J. ,   Cross‐Cultural Addictions Study Team
Published: September 2023

Existing research suggests a robust association between childhood bullying victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood, but less is known about potential mediators of this link. Furthermore, there is limited cross‐national research evaluating similarities and differences in bullying victimization and its associations with mental health. The current study addressed gaps in the literature by evaluating cognitive and affective responses to stress (i.e., emotion regulation, rumination, and distress tolerance) as potential mediators of the link between recalled bullying victimization and current depressive symptoms among 5909 (70.6% female) college students from seven countries. Results revealed specific indirect associations of bullying victimization through distress tolerance and three out of four facets of rumination, as well as a persistent direct association of childhood bullying on adulthood depression. Emotion regulation strategies were not significantly associated with bullying victimization and did not mediate its association with depressive symptoms. Constrained multigroup models indicated that results were invariant across country and gender. Findings provide evidence of statistical mediation in a cross‐sectional sample and await replication in prospective studies. Rumination and distress tolerance may be promising targets for resilience‐promoting interventions among children experiencing peer victimization. Ongoing research is needed to clarify cross‐national patterns in childhood bullying, identify additional mediators accounting for the remaining direct association, and evaluate emotion regulation as a potential moderator of associations between bullying victimization and adult mental health.
Tunable Wettability with Stretchable Microstructured Surfaces
Authors: Vu Hoang Huy , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Nguyen Nhat-Khuong , Luu Cuong Hung , Hettiarachchi Samith , Kashaninejad Navid
Published: September 2023

Analyzing the wettability of stretchable microstructured surfaces is crucial in applications like soft robotics, wearable biosensors, stretchable electronics, and electronic skin (e‐skin). However, it remains unclear how stretching affects the surface free energy (SFE) of these stretchable surfaces. In this article, stretchable microstructured surfaces are designed and fabricated, enabling liquid droplets to stay on top of the surface gaps. The corresponding SFE values are quantified as a function of both micropillar geometry and strain. It is observed that stretching could significantly affect their SFE and wettability. For instance, for the microstructured surface with pillar and gap dimensions of 10 μm, increasing the strain from 0% to 50% causes a sevenfold increase in the effective SFE. Interestingly, reversible decreasing of the strain decreases SFE to its original value, suggesting that the SFE remains unchanged after a complete stretching and releasing cycle. This trend agrees with the measurement of apparent contact angle (CA) as a function of strain. The results demonstrate stretching's capacity to significantly increase the wettability of microstructured surfaces, leading to a decrease in the CA and an increase in SFE. These findings further shed light on understanding the tunable wettability of microstructured surfaces under various deformation conditions.
Self‐Adaptive MoO3−xSubnanometric Wires Incorporated Scaffolds for Osteosarcoma Therapy and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Fang Ying , Yu Yang , Jiang Xiaoyan , Liu Peilai , Chen Yu , Feng Wei
Published: September 2023

Residual tumor cells and bone tissue defects are two critical challenges in clinical osteosarcoma treatment. Herein, a subnanomedicine concept is proposed by developing a self‐adaptive functional tissue engineering scaffold constructed by integrating MoO3−xsubnanometric wires onto 3D printing bioactive glass scaffolds. The MoO3−xsubnanometric wires are synthesized by a one‐pot hydrothermal method, which aggregate in an acidic tumor microenvironment and react with hydrogen peroxide to produce reactive oxygen species for specific chemodynamic therapy. However, they can degrade rapidly under physiological conditions without causing toxicity. Moreover, self‐adaptively enhanced photothermal conversion enables tumor‐targeting photothermal therapy while enhancing chemodynamic therapy. Additionally, the Mo5+‐Mo6+transition enables lipid peroxide accumulation and glutathione depletion, thereby resulting in the deactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 protein and ferroptosis through Western blot analysis, confocal laser scanning microscopy observation, and mRNA transcriptome analysis. In addition to its robustness against osteosarcoma, the constructed scaffolds can stimulate rat bone mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and proliferation as well as promote osteogenesis in bone defects. Therefore, this multifunctional scaffold not only validates the subnanomedicine concept but also provides a promising clinical strategy for bone tissue engineering.
Photothermal Aza‐Michael Addition of Divergent Amines to Vinyl Sulfones: A Method Towards Transition Metal‐ and Base‐Free Medium
Authors: Duraisamy Tamilselvan , Govindan Karthick , Thavasianandam Seenivasan Vijay , Chen Nian‐Qi , Liao Zi‐Xian , Lin Wei‐Yu
Published: September 2023

A highly efficient and versatile method has been developed for the photothermal aza‐Michael addition, producing β‐amino sulfones with excellent yields. The protocol uses mild and simple conditions under the batch and continuous flow process and is suitable for synthesis, without the need for transition metal catalysts, ligands, strong acids, or bases. This sustainable approach offers a significant breakthrough in organic synthesis with potential applications in medicinal chemistry and materials science.
A sustained‐release gel film based on chitosan for treating cutaneous candidiasis
Authors: Fu Hudie , Kang Li , Yu Lanjun , Fu Yanping , Wen Zhijie , Zhu Shengpeng , Zhao Mohan , Wang Yuqing , Chen Qi , Lin Qinxiong , Yang Xinzhou , Hu Yan
Published: September 2023

Hydrogels have been widely used in wound dressings owing to their biocompatibility and bacteriostatic properties. In this study, a chitosan‐citric acid gel film was prepared using chitosan as the raw material and citric acid as the acid solvent and cross‐linking agent. In addition, to increase the antibacterial effect of the gel film, ketoconazole/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared by inclusion technology and added to the gel film to prepare a chitosan‐citric acid sustained‐release gel film loaded with ketoconazole/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex for treating cutaneous candidiasis. The physical and chemical properties of the chitosan‐citric acid gel films were investigated using infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, water vapor transmittance test, thermal analysis, and swelling tests. Drug release, antibacterial, and toxicity tests of the chitosan‐citric acid gel film loading with ketoconazole/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex were carried out in vitro. The composite film showed good sustained drug release behavior, antibacterial effects, and biocompatibility in vitro. These results support that the chitosan‐citric acid hydrogel has great potential as a gel wound dressing for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis.
Synthesis of multi‐element hybrid polyphosphonitrile microspheres and their flame retardant application in epoxy resins
Authors: Tian Li , Zheng Qiang , Zeng Huichong , Wang Xingyu , Cui Jinfeng , Yang Baoping , Guo Junhong , Mu Bo , Bao Xuemei , Wang Xiaomu , Li Huaming
Published: September 2023

In this paper, Salen‐Ni basis polyphosphazene microsphere (Salen‐PZN‐Ni), boric acid (BA), and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH‐550) were used as raw materials to prepare a new flame retardant Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 by surface modification. The thermal and flame retardant properties of epoxy resin (EP) composites were studied. The introduction of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 refined the thermal stability of EP composites, as well as the amount of carbon residue at 800°C. At 5 wt% of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of EP composites is increased from 25.4% to 30.5% and UL‐94 has been achieved with a V‐1 rating. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550/EP composites were also improved. In addition, the good char formation ability of Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550 caused the reduction of peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, maximum average heat release rate and total smoke generation of the EP composites. All these results indicate that Salen‐PZN‐Ni@BA@KH‐550/EP composites have a wider range of applications.
Fixed‐time synchronization in multilayer networks with delay Cohen–Grossberg neural subnets via adaptive quantitative control
Authors: Tan Fei , Zhou Lili , Lu Junwei , Zhang Huiying
Published: September 2023

In this paper, fixed‐time synchronization of nonlinear stochastic coupling multilayer neural networks is studied. The neural subnets in the multilayer networks are delay Cohen–Grossberg neural networks (DCGNNs). To overcome uncertain factors, we designed an adaptive delay‐dependent controller in synchronization. To describe constraints of communication and other related problems in networks, which are due to limitations for bit rates and bandwidths in communication channels, an adaptive fixed‐time control strategy is purposed by introducing quantization signal input. A theoretical framework about fixed‐time synchronization in multilayer delay Cohen–Grossberg neural networks (MDCGNNs) is established. We find that fixed settling time is related to the scale of MDCGNNs, characteristics of the designed controller parameters, and level of quantization. Finally, the effective of the theoretical framework is validated in an example.
Consumption systems: Unveiling bi‐residential and delegated consumption
Authors: Scarano Monica C. , Ertz Myriam
Published: September 2023

Based on an exploratory study of 29 semi‐structured interviews followed by a grounded theory analysis, this research explores the circulation of local products and brands enacted by bi‐residential consumers with geographically dispersed networks across two places. The results show that two new consumption systems are emerging at the frontier between conventional and collaborative consumption: bi‐residential and delegated consumption. In these two consumption systems, the bi‐residential consumer mediates the relationship between the retailer and the final consumer, thus informally extending the retailer's downstream value chain. Bi‐residential and delegated systems partly overlap but also differ from conventional or collaborative consumption systems in two ways: (a) they are linked in a modelized process sustained by the perception of ‘access’ and the ‘logistic role’ of the bi‐residential consumer; (b) they are embedded in a hybrid exchange system intertwining gift‐giving and monetary exchange. These consumption systems occur at the interstice between conventional and collaborative consumption. Local retailers and brands could benefit from knowledge in this area with a view to opening up new opportunities in value co‐creation with bi‐residential consumers.
A New Harziane Diterpene, Harziaketal A, and a New Sterol, Trichosterol A, from the Marine‐Alga‐Epiphytic Trichoderma sp. Z43
Authors: Shi Zhen‐Zhen , Yin Xiu‐Li , Song Yin‐Ping , Ji Nai‐Yun
Published: September 2023

One new diterpene, harziaketal A (1), and one new highly degraded sterol, trichosterol A (2), along with three known compounds, including one diterpene, harzianone (3), and two steroids, (22E,24R)‐5α,6α‐epoxy‐ergosta‐8(14),22‐dien‐3β,7α‐diol (4) and isoergokonin B (5), were isolated from the culture of the marine‐alga‐epiphytic fungus Trichoderma sp. Z43 by silica gel column chromatography (CC), Sephadex LH‐20 CC, and preparative thin‐layer chromatography (TLC). Their structures and relative configurations were assigned by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HR‐ESI‐MS) data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was established by X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 features a hemiketal unit situated at the four‐membered ring of harziane‐type diterpenes for the first time, while 2 represents the rare occurrence of sterols with rings A and B being degraded. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed weak inhibition against the tested phytoplankton (Amphidinium carterae, Heterocapsa circularisquama, Heterosigma akashiwo, and Prorocentrum donghaiense) with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 14 to 53 μg/mL.
Sterically Enhanced Control of Enzyme‐Assisted DNA Assembly**
Authors: Irving Oliver J. , Matthews Lauren , Coulthard Steven , Neely Robert K. , Grant Melissa M. , Albrecht Tim
Published: September 2023

Traditional methods for the assembly of functionalised DNA structures, involving enzyme restriction and modification, present difficulties when working with small DNA fragments (<100 bp), in part due to a lack of control over enzymatic action during the DNA modification process. This limits the design flexibility and range of accessible DNA structures. Here, we show that these limitations can be overcome by introducing chemical modifications into the DNA that spatially restrict enzymatic activity. This approach, sterically controlled nuclease enhanced (SCoNE) DNA assembly, thereby circumvents the size limitations of conventional Gibson assembly (GA) and allows the preparation of well‐defined, functionalised DNA structures with multiple probes for specific analytes, such as IL‐6, procalcitonin (PCT), and a biotin reporter group. Notably, when using the same starting materials, conventional GA under typical conditions fails. We demonstrate successful analyte capture based on standard and modified sandwich ELISA and also show how the inclusion of biotin probes provides additional functionality for product isolation.
Long‐range Through‐space Charge Transfer in a pH‐responsive Mixed Cyclophane of Pyridine and Teropyrene
Authors: Ghasemabadi Parisa Ghods , Tabasi Zahra A. , Salari Parinaz , Zhao Yuming , Bodwell Graham J.
Published: September 2023

A large, strained (SE=44.2 kcal/mol) and conformationally flexible mixed cyclophane of pyridine and teropyrene was synthesized using two intramolecular Wurtz coupling reactions and an unprecedented Scholl reaction between the unreactive 2 positions of the pyrene systems in a triply bridged pyrenophane. Protonation of the pyridine unit results in a greatly enhanced preference for nesting in the cavity of the highly bent teropyrene system (θcalc=162.6°) and emergence of a charge transfer absorption band (λmax=592 nm) due to a long range (5.0–5.5 Å), through‐space intramolecular transition between the teropyrene and pyridinium units, which does not exist in the neutral cyclophane.
Mechanistic Investigations into the Catalytic Mode of a Dehydratase Complex Involved in the Biosynthesis of Lantibiotic Cacaoidin
Authors: Xue Yanqing , Li Miao , Hu Ling , Liu Jianing , Pan Lifeng , Liu Wen
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Dehydration of serine/threonine residues necessitates the activity of a dehydratase enzyme (domain) during the biosynthesis of RiPP. Recently, it was reported that dehydration in the thioviridamide pathway relies on a distinct dehydratase complex that showcases the activities of a phosphotransferase TvaC for serine/threonine phosphorylation and a lyase TvaD for subsequent phosphate elimination. Herein, we report that dehydration reactions in the pathway of lantibiotic cacaoidin involves a similar dehydratase complex, CaoK/CaoY. Remarkably, this dehydratase complex exhibits flexible enzymatic activity and tolerates significant variations in its substrate peptide sequence. By binding with the leader peptide (LP) sequence of precursor peptide CaoA, the dehydration reactions proceed in a directional manner from the C‐terminus of the core peptide (CP) to the N‐terminus, and C‐terminally truncated variants of CP are acceptable. We show that fusing CaoK to CaoY in a 1 : 1 molar ratio enables the resulting enzyme CaoYK to exert enhanced dehydration activity. CaoK binds with the LP to improve its own solubility and to ensure the phosphate transfer activity, while CaoY functions in a manner independently of LP. This work advances our understanding of the dehydration process during cacaoidin formation, and provides useful enzymes and methods for the studies of the rapidly emerging RiPPs.
Integrating real‐time hybrid simulation with multi‐fidelity Monte Carlo predictor for seismic fragility assessment
Authors: Gao Xiaoshu , Chen Cheng , Peng Changle , Xu Weijie , Guo Tong
Published: September 2023

Seismic fragility evaluates the performance of a structure regarding to its capability to withstand earthquake loads by describing the exceedance probability for selected engineering demand parameters. High‐fidelity (HF) models are essential for simulation‐based techniques to obtain accurate fragility assessment in the presence of uncertainties. Dynamic structural behavior however is often difficult to replicate realistically through numerical simulation, especially when parts of the structure are difficult for accurate modeling due to their inherent complex nonlinearity. This study presents the integration of real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) with multi‐fidelity Monte Carlo (MFMC) predictor for seismic fragility analysis. RTHS combines physical testing of experimental substructures and numerical modeling of analytical substructures thus presenting a cyber‐physical alternative for HF seismic performance evaluation. The MFMC predictor provides an optimized allocation algorithm that makes full use of data from both HF and low‐fidelity (LF) models to achieve unbiased estimation for response quantities of interests. Experimentally expensive HF data from RTHS is thus integrated with computationally cheap simulation of LF numerical models through MFMC to facilitate seismic fragility analysis. A two‐story steel moment resisting frame (MRF) with self‐centering viscous dampers (SC‐VDs) is utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. Computational simulation is first performed to numerically verify the feasibility of the proposed method for the MRF subjected to non‐stationary stochastic ground motions. RTHS is then conducted experimentally as HF model and integrated with linear elastic LF models through MFMC for fragility analysis of the MRF equipped with SC‐VDs. Both computational and experimental analysis demonstrate that the proposed method provides a promising technique for seismic fragility assessment especially when accurate modeling is not available due to complex structural behavior.
Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in small animal practice
Authors: Bode Liz , Lau Stephanie
Published: September 2023

Background: Cardiac troponin‐I (cTnI) and N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) are two cardiac biomarkers readily available on the market. These two biomarkers are useful diagnostic tools used in the right setting: differentiating cardiac and non‐cardiac causes of respiratory distress and providing prognosis prediction. However, these tests have their limitations and their results should be interpreted with these limitations in mind.

Aim of the article: This article reviews the available evidence around the physiology of cTnI and NT‐proBNP – the commercially available assays – and discusses their indications, limitations and result interpretation for each biomarker. The emerging biomarker, microRNA, is also briefly discussed.
Holistic approach to bovine tuberculosis – there is more to control than just testing
Authors: Tomlinson Sarah
Published: September 2023

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease just like Johne's disease, bovine viral diarrhoea and leptospirosis. Yet unlike these other infections, which vets and farmers manage well together, the private vet rarely gets involved in the management of bTB. This is perhaps because we have never been given any opportunity to be more than just the tester and when we find reactors we have to ‘shut down’ our clients' businesses. Many of us have lost confidence in the bTB test and the policies in place to manage this disease and some of us are unsure as to why bTB is still notifiable. Indeed, many practices are no longer carrying out bTB testing for their clients so vets need to re‐engage with bTB as an infectious disease. They need to understand what they are able to do on farm to support farmers and ensure that they are doing everything they can to reduce the chance, and length of a bTB breakdown. There are positive things vets and farmers can do to take back some control over bTB. The aim of this article is to encourage farm teams to see bTB as an infectious disease, to understand what risks can lead to a bTB breakdown and know how to reduce, if not eliminate, those risks. Moreover, I hope this article helps you to appreciate the role vets have in ensuring that farmers engage in on‐farm measures to control this devastating disease.
Photon spectra effects tested on the vegetal model Allium cepa
Authors: de Souza Mariana , Sammarro Silva Kamila Jessie , Garbuio Matheus , Inada Natalia Mayumi , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Lima Alessandra Ramos
Published: September 2023

The use of artificial light sources in plants is considered a type of photobiomodulation (PBM), a trend in agriculture and food industries, aiming at decontamination, pest control, and increased production yield. However, literature lacks a broader assessment to address the effects of photon light spectra on plant characteristics. Here, we aimed to describe the effects of visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet light upon Allium cepa, a known bioindicator, under various light doses. Samples irradiated under visible and infrared light did not show cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or mutagenicity in any of the evaluated doses. Light induction at 460 and 635 nm significantly stimulated root development of the test organism. In contrast, 254 nm irradiation proved to be cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic. This work reveals and quantifies the spectral response of A. cepa seeds, suggesting that it can be proposed as a model for future research on mechanisms of PBM in plants.
Data‐driven approaches for identifying hyperparameters in multi‐step retrosynthesis
Authors: Westerlund Annie M. , Barge Bente , Mervin Lewis , Genheden Samuel
Published: September 2023

The multi‐step retrosynthesis problem can be solved by a search algorithm, such as Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS). The performance of multistep retrosynthesis, as measured by a trade‐off in search time and route solvability, therefore depends on the hyperparameters of the search algorithm. In this paper, we demonstrated the effect of three MCTS hyperparameters (number of iterations, tree depth, and tree width) on metrics such as Linear integrated speed‐accuracy score (LISAS) and Inverse efficiency score which consider both route solvability and search time. This exploration was conducted by employing three data‐driven approaches, namely a systematic grid search, Bayesian optimization over an ensemble of molecules to obtain static MCTS hyperparameters, and a machine learning approach to dynamically predict optimal MCTS hyperparameters given an input target molecule. With the obtained results on the internal dataset, we demonstrated that it is possible to identify a hyperparameter set which outperforms the current AiZynthFinder default setting. It appeared optimal across a variety of target input molecules, both on proprietary and public datasets. The settings identified with the in‐house dataset reached a solvability of 93 % and median search time of 151 s for the in‐house dataset, and a 74 % solvability and 114 s for the ChEMBL dataset. These numbers can be compared to the current default settings which solved 85 % and 73 % during a median time of 110s and 84 s, for in‐house and ChEMBL, respectively.
Prevalence of OLED Inescapable at Display Week
Authors: Fusella Michael A.
Published: September 2023

The path to ubiquitous displays could be paved with OLED technology.
Business Conference Identifies Challenges Ahead
Authors: Raikes Bob
Published: September 2023

Insights and strategies offer valuable advice on how to navigate the changing global display marketplace.
Segmented spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging improves whole‐brain BOLD functional MRI in awake pigeon brains
Authors: Khodadadi Mina , Helluy Xavier , Güntürkün Onur , Behroozi Mehdi
Published: September 2023

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in awake small animals such as pigeons or songbirds opens a new window into the neural fundaments of cognitive behavior. However, high‐field fMRI in the avian brain is challenging due to strong local magnetic field inhomogeneities caused by air cavities in the skull. A spoiled gradient‐echo fMRI sequence has already been used to map the auditory network in songbirds, but due to susceptibility artifacts only 50% of the whole brain could be recorded. Since whole‐brain fMRI coverage is vital to reveal whole‐brain networks, an MRI sequence that is less susceptible to these artifacts was required. This was recently achieved in various bird species by using a rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) sequence. Weak blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) sensitivity, low temporal resolution, and heat caused by the long train of RF refocusing pulses are the main limits of RARE fMRI at high magnetic fields. To go beyond some of these limitations, we here describe the implementation of a two‐segmented spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging (SE‐EPI). The proposed sequence covers the whole brain of awake pigeons. The sequence was applied to investigate the auditory network in awake pigeons and assessed the relative merits of this method in comparison with the single‐shot RARE sequence. At the same imaging resolution but with a volume acquisition of 3 s versus 4 s for RARE, the two‐segmented SE‐EPI provided twice the strength of BOLD activity compared with the single‐shot RARE sequence, while the image signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and in particular the temporal SNR were very similar for the two sequences. In addition, the activation patterns in two‐segmented SE‐EPI data are more symmetric and larger than single‐shot RARE results. Two‐segmented SE‐EPI represents a valid alternative to the RARE sequence in avian fMRI research since it yields more than twice the BOLD sensitivity per unit of time with much less energy deposition and better temporal resolution, particularly for event‐related experiments.
The effect of team cultural tightness and transformational leadership on employee creative behavior: A cross‐level moderated mediation model
Authors: Shi Kan , Song Xudong , Zhou Ruihua , Zhou Wei
Published: September 2023

In recent years, “cultural tightness–looseness” refers to the strength of social norms and tolerance for deviant behaviors perceived by individuals in society, and team cultural tightness applied at the organizational level represents the strength of team norms. According to the cultural tightness–looseness theory, this study explores the influence of team cultural tightness on employee creative behavior, as well as the moderating role of transformational leadership and the mediating role of work engagement. A questionnaire method was used to survey five enterprise organizations in China through three stages, and 288 paired questionnaires were finally obtained from leaders and employees. The results found that team cultural tightness has a significant negative effect on employee creative behavior through the mediating effect of work engagement. In other words, the more the team culture in the workplace tends to be loose, the more it stimulates employee work engagement, which in turn promotes employee creative behavior. In addition, transformational leadership played a significant positive moderating role in the model. Under the influence of transformational leadership style, the negative impact of team cultural tightness on employee work engagement and creative behavior can be mitigated. The study enriches the understanding of the influence and action mechanism of the cultural tightness–looseness theory on employee creative behavior. In future research, the action mechanism of team cultural tightness interacting with different leadership styles to influence employee creative behavior will be explored more deeply.