bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stable algorithm of nonparametric identification in case of anomalous measurements
Authors: Воскобойников Юрий Евгеньевич , Боева Василиса Андреевна
Published: August 2021

Математические модели многих технических систем имеют вид интегрального уравнения Вольтерра I рода с разностным ядром. Для таких систем задача идентификации заключается в построении оценки для импульсной переходной функции системы по измеренным (с шумами) значениям входного и выходного сигналов и является некорректно поставленной. В недавней работе авторов предложен устойчивый алгоритм идентификации, использующий аппарат сглаживающих кубических сплайнов для вычисления первых производных входного и выходного сигналов. К сожалению, сглаживающие кубические сплайны неудовлетворительно фильтруют аномальные измерения. Поэтому предложен двухшаговый алгоритм идентификации, на первом шаге которого аномальные измерения удаляются с использованием пространственно-локального фильтра, а затем строятся сглаживающие сплайны

Volterra integral equation of the first kind often represents stationary dynamic systems. For such a model, the non-parametric identification problem reduces to the estimation of pulse transition characteristics (that is the kernel of integral equation) from the registered noise-contaminated values of input and output signals. To formulate stable solution for identification problem authors propose algorithm that estimates pulse transition characteristics by solving Volterra integral equation of the second kind and involving first derivatives of input and output signals application that corresponds to non-stable problem. Smoothing cubic splines employed in robust calculation of first derivatives allow finding a stable solution of identification problem even when input and output signals of system identified are essentially noise-contaminated. Unfortunately, measured values of input and output signals also contain anomalous measurements such as pulse noises, glitches, etc. Such measurements are poorly smoothable by splines that cause high levels of first derivatives errors and, conversely, significant pulse transition characteristics identification errors of dynamic system. For all the reasons aforementioned, in this paper authors present the new stable two-step identification algorithm in case of anomalous measurements. The first step of the algorithm is for non-linear local-spatial combined filtration procedure of input and output signals that helps to effectively remove anomalous measurements. At the second step, smoothing cubic splines are used to calculate stable first derivatives of previously filtered signals. An extensive computational experiment showed the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which allows solving the identification problem with acceptable accuracy in practice even at high intensity of anomalous measurements. The experimental results give reason to recommend this algorithm for solving practical problems of identifying stationary systems, the mathematical model of which is the Voltaire integral equation of the first kind with a difference kernel
Improving the accuracy for numerical solutions of the Ginzburg - Landau equation
Authors: Паасонен Виктор Иванович , Федорук Михаил Петрович
Published: August 2021

Решение актуальной задачи повышения порядка точности разностных методов решения задач нелинейной волоконной оптики выше четвертого путем непосредственного построения сложных схем на расширенных шаблонах сопряжено с усложнением матрицы системы и с затруднениями в постановке дополнительных граничных условий. Кроме того, при таком подходе не происходит одновременное повышение точности также и по эволюционной переменной. В данной работе рассматривается альтернативный путь - применение экстраполяции Ричардсона, которая сводится к построению подходящих линейных комбинаций решений на различных сетках. Этот способ позволяет повышать порядок точности по обеим переменным, избегая при этом проблем с усложнением шаблонов, постановкой дополнительных граничных условий и реализацией алгоритмов. Как средство дополнительного улучшения точности наряду с простыми (однократными) поправками исследуются также двойные поправки на основе экстраполяции Ричардсона. Методика протестирована на нескольких точных решениях уравнения Гинзбурга - Ландау

Increasing the order of accuracy for difference methods is an actual problem in nonlinear fiber optics. Computations, which use higher than the fourth order of accuracy by the direct construction of complex circuits on extended templates pose the complication of the system matrix and difficulties in setting additional boundary conditions. In addition, with this approach, there is no simultaneous increase in accuracy for the evolutionary variable. In this paper, we consider an alternative way, namely, application of the Richardson extrapolation, which reduces to construction of suitable linear combinations for solutions on various grids. This method allows improving the order of accuracy for both variables, while avoiding problems associated with the complication of templates, implementation of algorithms and setting additional boundary conditions. Double corrections are also considered to further improve accuracy. The technique was tested on exact solutions of the Ginzburg - Landau equation
Computable simulated transformations of the Cartesian coordinates for random vectors
Authors: Абдразакова Анжела Романовна , Войтишек Антон Вацлавович
Published: August 2021

Рассмотрены специальные преобразования декартовых координат, позволяющие строить эффективные (экономичные) алгоритмы численного моделирования многомерных случайных величин. В качестве иллюстративных и практически значимых примеров таких преобразований рассмотрены переходы к полярным, сферическим, параболическим и цилиндрическим координатам.

The purpose of the paper was to expand the range of efficient (economical) computer algorithms for simulation of multi-dimensional random variables. The authors noticed that in a number of applied problems (for example, when modelling twoor three-dimensional isotropic vectors), transitions from Cartesian to other coordinate systems (for example, to polar or spherical) are effective. In this regard, the new generalizing notation of the computable simulated transformation of Cartesian coordinates is introduced in the paper. Such transformations allow constructing effective (economical) algorithms for the numerical modelling (simulation) of multi-dimensional random variables. The problem of finding examples of constructive and practical applications for computer simulated transformations of Cartesian coordinates is formulated. Transitions to polar, spherical, parabolic and cylindrical coordinates are considered as illustrative examples of such transformations. The practical applications of computable simulated transformations of Cartesian coordinates found in the scientific literature are described in detail by the authors. These applications are associated with both computer modelling (simulation) of isotropic vectors and Gaussian distribution along with the numerical solution of boundary value problems and problems of radiation transfer. Thus, the introduced notion of the computable simulated transformations of Cartesian coordinates is quite constructive. It opens up prospects for the scientific search for new transformations of this type with the aim of using them in stochastic computer models for important processes and phenomena.
Development of the LBM non-isothermal flows with arbitrarily large Mach number
Authors: Зипунова Елизавета Вячеславовна , Перепёлкина Анастасия Юрьевна , Закиров Андрей Владимирович
Published: August 2021

При решении задач динамики жидкостей и газов в области малых скоростей потока и при изотермических условиях с успехом применяется метод решеточных уравнений Больцмана (LBM). Для решения дискретного уравнения Больцмана может быть использован новый метод Particles-on-Demand (PonD), в котором в каждой точке сетки дискретизация функции распределения в пространстве скоростей центрирована относительно текущей скорости потока. В отличие от классического LBM, метод PonD применим не только для задач с малыми скоростями потока и при изотермических условиях. В данной работе реализован метод PonD D1Q5 с итерационным расчетом скорости переноса и явным расчетом первых трех моментов, включая скорости переноса. Показано, что рассмотренная модификация метода PonD хоть и накладывает ограничения на параметры, позволяет проводить расчеты в большем диапазоне допустимых скоростей.

The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate applicability of the Particle on Demand (PonD) D1Q5 method with the explicit calculation of the first three moments to problem with high speed of the flow. The standard LBM is applicable for small flow velocities. Thus to overcome this limitation we use PonD. In this work, we use conservative version of PonD - the D1Q5 method with the explicit calculation of the first three moments. Methodology. The Pond over LBM was applied to the Riemann problem in order to demonstrate the advantage of the method. In this work, we choose the case when contact discontinuities could propagate at variable speed. Findings. If the interpolation pattern is fixed relative to the point at which there is a current update of the discrete distribution function, then the transfer step can be written explicitly, thus the scheme is conservative. On the other hand, this imposes additional restrictions on the temperature and the flow rate. But even if the PonD scheme is limited to a fixed interpolation pattern, it is possible to simulate flows with larger values of the Mach number than in the case when the classical method of lattice Boltzmann equations is used. Originality/value. In the described particular case of the PonD method, it is possible to avoid iterations by calculating the temperature and velocity values directly at a new time layer. In this work, we have investigated the properties and the range of applicability (admissible values of temperature and velocity) of such modification of PonD.
Group control complex for unmanned vehicles
Authors: Котов Константин Юрьевич , Мальцев Александр Сергеевич , Пришляк Елизавета Егоровна , Соболев Максим Андреевич
Published: August 2021

Представлен стендовый комплекс, предназначенный для разработки, моделирования и экспериментальных исследований систем управления беспилотными аппаратами колесного, гусеничного и мультироторного типа. Рассмотрены алгоритмы и архитектура программного обеспечения комплекса, реализующего функции построения математических моделей динамики, определения пространственных координат и децентрализованного управления движением роботов в составе группы.

The purpose of this work is to develop the test bench for modelling and controlling a group of wheeled and multi-rotor unmanned vehicles. Such test bench should solve the problems of studying the control algorithms of individual robots and their groups which ensure the formation of a group of robots with a given orientation in space and automatically control their joint movement along the desired trajectory with preserving the spatial configuration. The solution is achieved using the proposed software and hardware architecture, which is a set of independent programs that exchange signals through the Redis shared data server or through the Robot Operating System. The result is the control system for group of mobile robots that includes the motion surface, the technical vision system, mathematical methods of motion control and specialized software. This test bench can reduce the costs associated with the development, implementation, and testing of unmanned vehicle control systems.
Critical comparison of the different versions of the OpenFOAM on the simulation of spillway
Authors: Курбаналиев Абдикерим Ырысбаевич , Ойчуева Бурулгул Рахманбердиевна , Калмурзаева Анипа Ташбаевна , Жайнаков Аманбек Жайнакович , Култаев Топчубай Чокоевич
Published: August 2021

Приведены предварительные результаты численного моделирования двухфазного течения двух несжимаемых и несмешивающихся жидкостей через водослив трапециевидной формы. Целью работы была демонстрация возможностей решателя interFoam различных версий открытого пакета OpenFoam при моделировании рассматриваемого класса течений. Численные расчеты проведены с использованием входящего в состав OpenFoam руководства weirOverFlow. В пакете OpenFOAM6 коэффициент fvcDdtPhiCoeff для вычисления потоков массы на гранях ячеек изменен в целях улучшения устойчивости/точности и исключения осцилляций давления при высоких числах Куранта. Он вычисляется с использованием значений плотности и потока массы с предыдущего временн´ого шага. Результаты численных расчетов показывают, что такие изменения вызывают чрезмерно быстрый переход от нестационарного течения к стационарному.

The results of numerical simulation for a two-phase flow of two incompressible and immiscible liquids through a trapezoidal spillway are presented. To simulate the free boundary, we used the method of fluid volume. The aim of the work was to demonstrate the capabilities of the various versions of interFoam solver of the OpenFOAM package for modelling the considered class of flows. Numerical calculations were performed using the OpenFOAM weirOverFlow tutorial. In order to improve the consistency, usability, flexibility and ease of modifying the interFoam solver, the existing interDyMFoam solver with the local dynamic mesh adaptation function was combined with the interFoam solver with a static computational mesh. In addition, in the OpenFOAM6 package, the fvcDdtPhiCoeff coefficient used for calculating the time derivative and taking into account the Rhie- Chow correction on the collocated grid for calculating mass fluxes on the cell faces was changed in order to improve stability/accuracy and eliminate pressure oscillations at high Courant numbers. The calculation of fvcDdtPhiCoeff coefficient in OpenFOAM5 requires the density value from the current time step along with the mass flow value from the previous time step, while in OpenFOAM6, both density and mass flow values are taken from the previous time step for calculation of the fvcDdtPhiCoeff coefficient. The results of numerical calculations of the OpenFOAM6 package show that such changes lead to an excessively fast transition of the transient flow to the stationary one in comparison with other versions of the OpenFOAM package.
Application of a modified variational formulation of the vector finite element method for modelling a harmonic electric field in areas with curved shields
Authors: Добролюбова Дарья Владимировна , Шурина Элла Петровна
Published: August 2021

Рассматриваются особенности применения модифицированной вариационной постановки векторного метода конечных элементов (ВМКЭ), основанной на замене тонких сильнопроводящих объектов токонесущими поверхностями, для моделирования гармонического электрического поля в областях с криволинейными экранами при различном типе возбуждения поля. Исследуется применимость модифицированной вариационной постановки в широком диапазоне частот

Purpose. The paper addresses applicability of the modified variational formulation of vector FEM for the harmonic electric field to the media with cylindrical shields. Thin highly conductive objects are treated as surfaces with the equivalent surface current density. We consider the excitation of the field by a local source (current loop) located either inside or outside the cylindrical shield. Methodology. The simulations are carried out on unstructured tetrahedral meshes. Since the modified variational formulation treats thin highly conductive objects as surfaces, only the surface of a cylinder is discretized. The results yielded by the modified variational formulation are compared with the results of the classic vector FEM. Findings. For the frequency range between 100 KHz and 100 MHz, the modified variational formulation provides correct results when the field source is located outside the cylindrical shield. The modified variational formulation reduces computational cost, since the volume of the thin shield is not discretized. When the field source is located inside the shield, the modified variational formulation gives valid results only in the proximity of the source. Originality/value. The limitations for the application of the reduced variational formulation for the modelling of harmonic electric field in the media with hollow cylindrical shields are investigated
Economic Thinking of Arab Muslim Writers During the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Erdogan Memduh
Published: August 2021

A unique contribution of the book is its depiction of economic thought through the lenses of many personalities representing varied sections of the society. So, by gathering these personalities of statesmen to literati, Islahi tries to present an encompassing spectrum of the economic thought produced in the 19th century with an exclusive look to the Arab world. Moreover, Islahi puts an effort to contextualize the views of these personalities with references to the political and economic conditions surrounding them.
How to Predict Earthquakes by Using Simple and Reliable Method? Peru, Chile, Italy, Greece, New Zealand, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors:   SQS Institute of NDT, 95, Palakkarai Main Road, Tiruchi, Tamilnadu, India, S Prakash Pillai
Published: August 2021

This paper intended to highlight the simple, quick and reliable method to detect impending earthquake�s location. Volcanic eruption precursors are originated only around the volcanos, like that the onshore earthquake precursors are originated only from earthquake epicenter zones. Epicenter zones are earthquake zones, a little variation of fault zone, it comprises movable tectonic plates. Due to the orbital motion of the earth, centrifugal force generated, this centrifugal force is the major driving force of tectonic plates. The position of the orbital motion of the earth generated seasonal variations/atmospheric weather anomalies as onshore earthquake precursors and earthquakes, year after year repeating at same places. The generation process of seasonal weather anomalies is the part of generation process of earthquakes at epicenter zones. Both seasonal weather anomalies and seismic anomalies are not continued all through the year at same places. When earth comes to particular position, tectonic plates of particular epicenter zones are set to more active and becomes unstable epicenter zones, causes identifiable, observable, recordable and testable onshore earthquake precursors 1-15 days prior to earthquakes occur.
Antitumor Activities of Immune Costimulatory Molecules of TNF Superfamily in Colorectal and Lung Cancers
Authors:   School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, Gui Liming , Wang Zhixue ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, Yin Pan ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, Ma Bin ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Published: August 2021

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment that utilizes the innate or adaptive immunity to generate a robust killing of malignant cells. However, only a limited number of cancer patients showed responsiveness to immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors, suggesting the need for potent alternative strategies. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potentials of costimulatory molecules including TNF superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4), member 9 (TNFSF9), and member 18 (TNFSF18). In tumor samples from human colorectal and lung cancer patients, expression of these factors positively correlated with lymphocyte infiltration and expression of several immune effector genes. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, overexpression of the TNF superfamily costimulatory factors in murine colorectal or lung cancer cells significantly suppressed tumor progression. Especially, TNFSF9 and 18 showed stronger antitumor effects than TNFSF4. Together, our study demonstrated the great potential of cancer immunotherapy targeting these immune costimulatory molecules.
Screening for HNF1B Gene Mutations, in Four People with Typical Diabetes MODY5 Clinical Characteristics
Authors:   University of Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Genetics Division, Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, Argentina, Dios Alejandro de , Trobo Sofia Irene ,   University of Buenos Aires, Molecular Genetics, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Argentina, Gjesing Anette Marianne Prior ,   University of Copenhagen. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Denmark, Hansen Torben ,   University of Copenhagen. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Denmark, Frechtel Gustavo Daniel ,   University of Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Genetics Division, Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, Argentina, López Ariel Pablo ,   University of Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Genetics Division, Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, Argentina
Published: August 2021

Introduction: people with clinical characteristics of MODY benefit with a correct genetic diagnosis and are often only studied if having family history. In this work there were studied four people selected per their clinical characteristics of genitourinary abnormalities and MODY Diabetes, using the worldwide inclusion criteria for MODY5 except for a family history of diabetes or kidney disease. Methods: gene mutation screening in four people with clinical characteristics of MODY5 in search for alterations in the HNF1B gene with Sanger or NGS sequencing, and bioinformatic tools to analyze the results of the sequences. Results: from four people studied we found three mutations in the HNF1B gene, including a missense mutation previously described and two de novo whole gene deletions. The other person did not present any alteration in that gene even having clinical characteristics. Conclusions: people with clinical characteristics of MODY and having pancreatic, renal, kidney or genital located abnormalities are candidates for genetic screening of HNF1B. Yet, genetic screening of HNF1B should not only be restricted to such people but should also be considered in people without diabetes but having those other characteristics. We suggest also, the study of people even in the absence of family history, given that the possibility of occurrence of de novo mutations is underestimated.
Effects of Calcium Source on Calcium-Metabolic Parameters in Healthy Women and Men
Authors:   Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, MF Hitz , M Dahl ,   Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, NR Jørgensen ,   Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Published: August 2021

Background/Objectives: Calcium and vitamin D are important for bone health. We compared 24-hour urinary calcium-excretion (Uca/24hrs), during dietary calcium steady-state condition, for different calcium-sources and effects of vitamin D, age and sex. Subjects/Methods: Fifty-two healthy pre- and postmenopausal women and men completed the regimens: placebo, calcium carbonate (400mg) +18μg vitamin D, calcium carbonate (400mg) +38μg vitamin D and 400mg calcium phosphate (milk). Uca/24hrs was measured during dietary calcium steady state as a surrogate measure of calcium-absorption. Serum-calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, Procollagen Type 1 N-terminal Pro- Peptide (P1NP) and C-terminal Telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) were measured. Results: Mean daily intake of calcium for the study group ± SD was 1105 ±396 mg. Mean-Uca ± SD: placebo 5.19 ± 2.04 mmol/24hrs, milk 5.88 ± 2.39 mmol/24hrs, (CaCO3+D) 6.19 ± 2.34 mmol/24hrs and (CaCO3 + DD) 6.26 ± 2.32 mmol/day. Uca were higher for all regimens compared to placebo (p <0.001), no difference was found between regimens. CTX was lower during all regimens compared to placebo (p <0.001): placebo 450 ± 243 μg/L, Milk 377 ± 248 μg/L, (CaCO3+D) 392 ± 266 μg/L and (CaCO3+DD) 361 ± 232 μg/L. Conclusions: Uca was higher during supplementation with calcium compared to placebo. Supplementation with calcium reduced bone resorption significantly without effecting PTH. Menopausal status, sex and supplement with vitamin d demonstrated no effect on calcium excretion.
Can Personality Traits be Related to Medical Adherence in Patients with Myocardial Infarction?
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania, MA Brazaitiene , V Adomaitiene ,   Department of Psychiatry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania, O Gustiene ,   Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
Published: August 2021

Background: For myocardial infarction survivors, long-term pharmacotherapy is an important element of a complex treatment and a better prognosis may be achieved through better medication adherence. Aim: The purpose of this study is to find out whether it is possible to predict medication adherence of the patients who survived myocardial infarction via assessing their personality. Design and Setting: Analytic cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was held in Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas clinics (HLUHS KK) department of cardiology. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were randomly included and completed questionnaire before discharge from Cardiology unit. We recruited 198 patients with myocardial infarction who completed questionnaire (ICD-10 diagnoses I21.0, I21.1 or I21.2). Medical adherence association with personality was assessed with Morisky-Green medical adherence scale (MMAS-8) and the Big-Five inventory. Results: Medical adherence was associated with conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism and extraversion. There was no significant association with openness to experiences. Neuroticism negatively affected medical adherence. It was determined, that conscientiousness, agreeableness and extraversion positively affected medical adherence. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that good medical adherence in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was associated with higher scores in conscientiousness and agreeableness personality traits and lower scores in neuroticism.
A successful pregnancy outcome after surgical treatment for a bicornuate uterus. Case report
Authors: Yashchuk Аlfiya G. , Naftulovich Raisa А. , Maslennikov Аnton V. , Popova Elena M. , Gazizova Gulnaz K.
Published: August 2021

This article presents a clinical case in a woman with a full two-legged uterus. This pathology in the patient was revealed by ultrasound examination in 2013. There is one spontaneous miscarriage in the anamnesis; later, the patient did not become pregnant with regular sexual activity without contraception. A comprehensive examination of the patient was carried out. It was decided to conduct a hysteroscopy, during which one cervical canal was identified, in the area of the internal pharynx, a division into two hemipolostas was visualized. In the future, the patient underwent Strassmanns reconstructive plastic surgery, which is the gold standard for this pathology. Laparatomic metroplasty is a safe and effective procedure for women with a bicornuate uterine malformation. The postoperative period was uneventful. A year later, the patient became pregnant in the natural cycle. Pregnancy proceeded without complications, culminating in the birth of a healthy child.
Features of the management of girls with anomalies of the genitourinary system
Authors: Akhapkina Elena S. , Batyrova Zalina K. , Сhuprynin Vladimir D. , Uvarova Elena V. , Kumykova Zaira K. , Kruglyak Diana A.
Published: August 2021

Aim. To study the clinical and anamnestic, and surgical features of patients with genitourinary system malformations. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 252 medical records of patients with genitourinary system malformations who were admitted for examination and treatment to the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology of the Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from 2012 to 2019. During analysis, special attention was paid to the data of surgical treatment, clinical and anamnestic data and the intraoperative picture. Results. Developmental anomalies of the genital system are combined with urinary system malformations in 21.1% of cases. Genital malformations in adolescent girls are characterized by a high rate of various complications: hematocolpos (53.6), hematocervix (30%), hematometra (26.2%), hematosalpinx (15.1%), endometriosis (19.2%), masses (16.4%) and adhesions (25.4%). Conclusion. Genital system malformations are often associated with anomalies of the urinary system and are characterized by a high risk of complications, therefore, timely identification and multidisciplinary management of such patients from an early age is extremely important.
Análisis de algunas características fisicoquímicas registradas en las aguas estuarinas de la ensenada de Tumaco
Authors: Casanova Rosero Robinson Fidel , Betancourt Portela Julián Mauricio
Published: August 2021

En este estudio se analizan los niveles de algunos parámetros fisicoquímicos, obtenidos a través de muestreos mensuales en diez estaciones ubicadas en la Ensenada de Tumaco, durante el período comprendido entre febrero de 1997 y septiembre de 1999. El conocimiento de estos parámetros constituye una herramienta básica en el momento de evaluar la calidad de las aguas, ya que éstos controlan la vida en el medio acuático. El análisis está centrado en los rangos medios de variación, puesto que de esta forma se considera una información con mayor solidez y representatividad para el área. Los niveles obtenidos se encuentran dentro de los rangos normales reportados en la literatura. Los promedios de los diferentes parámetros a través del estudio permiten definir que se presentan fluctuaciones permanentes, para oxígeno y nutrientes, principalmente; como consecuencia de estar involucrados en los procesos de producción, tales como: consumo, dilución y transporte. Finalmente, la Ensenada de Tumaco es un medio complejo y de características especiales, puesto que presenta un proceso de mezcla de dos clases de aguas (dulce y salada), cada una con propiedades bien definidas.
Aplicación de la modelación numérica a la solución de problemas ambientales de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta
Authors: Calero Hernández Luis Alfredo , Yuri S. Tuchkovenko , Ricardo José Molares Babra
Published: August 2021

En los últimos años, el Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas (CIOH) de la Dirección General Marítima, ha desarrollado modelos numéricos que permiten visualizar la dinámica y condición ambientales del medio marino permitiendo además, simular las posibles soluciones de los problemas que presentan los diferentes cuerpos de agua marinos, como Bahías, Ciénagas, y Golfos entre otros. En la actualidad se está aplicando la modelación numérica en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM) y se han obtenido muy buenos resultados, teniendo en cuenta que ha sido posible diagnosticar el estado de la cuenca de agua durante los años 80's y 90's a pesar de los cambios evidenciados durante los monitoreos cuya causa es aún objeto de investigación.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keaktifan Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa tentang Ciri-Ciri Bangun Datar Melalui Media Audio Visual dengan Pendekatan Contextual Teaching And Learning Kelas II SD Negeri 2 Semagarduwur
Authors: Utomo Dwi
Published: August 2021

Upaya peningkatan kektifan siswa dan hasil belajar ini menggunakan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Audio Visual dengan menggunakan pendekatan Contehtual Teaching  and Learning bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa memahami materi mengklasifikasikan ciri-ciri bangun datar melalui pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Selanjutnya siswa dapat membandingkan ciri-ciri bangun datar yang berada di lingkungan sekitar. Media audio visual sebagai media menyampaikan pesan supaya lebih mudah dipahami dan sesuai yang mencakup semua karakteristik belajar siswa. Dari data dapat diketahui sebelum perbaikan pembelajaran nilai siswa sangat rendah dengan nilai 58,03 setelah diadakan perbaikan pembelajaran pada siklus I nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 70,6 tetapi peneliti masih ingin nilai yang lebih baik lagi yang sesuai dengan harapan. Akhirnya peneliti mengadakan perbaikan pembelajaran pada siklus 2 dan dari siklus II  ini diperoleh nilai lebih baik, dengan nilai rata-rata 85,71, untuk pemantapan hasil penelitian diadakan penelitian siklus III. Pada siklus III pemantapan berhasil dilaksanakan dengan nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 86,45 . Untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam penilaian keterampilan dan menguasai pelajaran hendaknya guru harus mampu memilih dan menerapkan pendekatan  mengajar yang tepat serta pemilihan media yang tepat  agar siswa lebih tertarik sehingga pelajaran akan mudah diserap dan dipahami dengan baik.Kata Kunci : Audio Visual,  Contextual Teaching and Learning, Keaktifan
PENERAPAN LEARNING CYCLE 7E BERBANTUAN KARTU SOAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS MATERI FUNGSI KOMPOSISI
Authors: Krisnaningsih Gunarti
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pentingnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dan penggunaan kartu soal. Ketercapaian indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dipengaruhi oleh model pembelajaran matematika yang dilakukan oleh guru dikelas. Salah satu model pembelajaran tersebut adalah learning cycle 7E. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berapa besar peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis pada materi Fungsi melalui penerapan Learning Cycle 7E berbantuan kartu soal pada peserta didik kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 2 Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Simpulan dari hasil pengolahan data tersebut adalah learning cycle 7E berbantuan kartu soal dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik kelas X IPS 1SMA Negeri 2 Semarang tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.Kata kunci: Learning Cycle 7E, Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis, Kartu Soal.
PENDIDIKAN NILAI MENUJU KEBEBASAN MANUSIA DALAM ALAM DEMOKRASI
Authors: Purwosaputro Supriyono
Published: August 2021

Value clarification only reflects and implicates in the gathering condition where all people are able to develop the value of respectness. Solidarity and interiority. Value clarification is the learning process that supports the value which is found in human being?óÔé¼Ôäós life including value of freedom. The point of value is in way of thinking, the way of attitudes, and the way of behaviour, either personal or together. Value clarification will make the students become more mature in finding and giving the positive value in their freedom. Progressivism philosophy is relevant to develop the value of clarification to the freedom of human beings in democration. Since there is an opinion of basic progressivism a value has a quality of social, besides progressivism giving pressure to the freedom of the students, progressivism also cares to the disipline of the students so they get advantages. Progressivism as the philosophy of education will get big problems in managing an education in a managed curriculum. Keyword : value clarification, freedom, democracy, progressivism
MODEL PENANGANAN ANAK BERKESULITAN BELAJAR SPESIFIK KARENA FAKTOR DISFUNGSI MINIMAL OTAK (DMO) DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: MUNAWIR .
Published: August 2021

This study is porposed to : (1) encompass and identify the students od elementary school who are expected to have spesific learning difficulty because of Brain Minimal Disfunction, (2) understand of the teacher action model and its intervention effect toward the increasing of children learning performance. The research was done in Gamping, Sleman in year 2000. Stage 1 : 10 of 40 elementary school in Gamping, Sleman were chosen. Stage 2 : Student of second and third grade were selected as research subject. The methods of data collection are observation, interview, and demostration. The research is done by research team and the class teacher. The result of this study?é?á and the conclusion show that from 523 students of the second and third grade of 10 elementary scoool, 45 students (8,60%) have mathematic spesific learning difficulties, 36 students (6,88%) have writing difficulties. A class teacher gives remedial teaching and special guide will help students to over-come learning difficulties with special class model, source room model and regular class model. Keyword : Treatment of children with specific learning difficulty
PENDIDIKAN NILAI MENUJU KEBEBASAN MANUSIA DALAM ALAM DEMOKRASI
Authors: Purwosaputro Supriyono
Published: August 2021

Value clarification only reflects and implicates in the gathering condition where all the people are able to develop the value of respectness, solidarity and interiority. Value clarification in the learning process that support the value which is found in human being?óÔé¼Ôäós life including value of freedom. The point of value is the way of thinking, the way of attitudes, and the way of behaviour, either personal or together. Value clarification will make the students become more mature in finding and giving the positive value in their freedom Progressivism philosophy is relevant to develop the value of clarification to the freedom of human being in democration. Since there is an opinion of basic progressivism a value has a quality of social, besides progresivism giving pressure to the freedom of the students, progressivism also cares to the disipline of the students so that they get advantages. Progressivism as the philisophy of education will get big problems in managing an education in a managed curriculum Keyword : value clarification, freedom, democracy, progresivism
The Pandemic In Prison: Dissemination Of Covid-19 Infection Among The Population Without Freedom: A Cut In The State Of Pernambuco
Authors:   1FUNESO,   2FITS,   3FITS
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To conduct a retrospective analysis on the distribution of cases of COVID-19 in the population deprived of liberty belonging to the state of Pernambuco. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on secondary electronic databases in the public domain, exempted from the need for an appreciation by the Ethics Committee. The database consulted was of the Center for Strategic Information on Health Surveillance (CIEVS) in the State of Pernambuco. The reference period for collection was from April 1 to September 28, 2020. Epidemiological bulletins and virtual monitoring reports, available on the CIEVS website, were analyzed. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques based on obtaining absolute and percentage frequencies. Results: The State of Pernambuco has the sixth largest prison population in the country. There are 25,564 prisoners, 24,657 men and 907 women. Related to the distribution of cases of infection by the new coronavirus, of the 5,926 suspected cases, 1,476 were confirmed, 46 are still under investigation and 37 had inconclusive tests, which represents an infection rate of 5.77% of the prison population. These results reflect that the scenario of COVID-19 infection in Pernambuco is a cause for concern, both for the general population and among the prisioners. Conclusion: The results suggest that although only 5.7% of the prison population has been infected, prison units are spaces with a potential risk for the spread of COVID-19 infection. In addition, many of the prisioners are an effective risk group and, accordingly, they should be monitored with greater intensity.
The Aplication of Learning Models of Project Based Learning to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes in Post-Legal Materials
Authors: Faradhillah Faradhillah , Zahara Syarifah Rita
Published: August 2021

This  study is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students of class VIII 3 SMP Negeri 2 Meurah Mulia which is known from the observations. The research objective was to determine the improvement of learning outcomes in the Pascal Law material for class VIII 3 students of SMP Negeri 2 Meurah Mulia by using project based learning (pjbl) of learning model. This research is a type of classroom action research with a model developed by Kemmis and Mc. Taggart. The study subjects were students of class VIII 3, with a total of 16 students. The techniques used in data collection are tests, observation, interviews and documentation. This study consisted of 2 (two) cycles where there were two meetings in each cycle. The data analysis technique used a qualitative descriptive analysis. The study success criteria set for student learning outcomes is 75 for a scale of 1-100 grading. The results showed that the application of the project based learning (pjbl) of learning model could improve the learning outcomes of class VIII 3 students of SMP Negeri 2 Meurah Mulia. The average learning outcomes in cycle I was 73.16 and in cycle II increased to 82.51. In conclusion, the application of the project based learning model can improve student learning outcomes in science learning class VIII 3 SMP Negeri 2 Meurah Mulia.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğretmenlik Mesleğine İlişkin Tutumları İle Mesleki Coşku Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Mesut , ÖZER Naci
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırma ile Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen adaylarının mesleki coşkularının ve öğretmenlik mesleğine ilişkin tutumlarının ne düzeyde olduğunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Betimsel, nedensel karşılaştırmalı ve ilişkisel araştırma desenlerinin kullanıldığı bu araştırmanın evrenini 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği programında öğrenim görmekte olan öğretmen adayları (n=279) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada ayrıca örneklem alınmamış, evrendeki bütün öğrencilere ulaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Yapılan uygulamalar sonucunda 197 öğretmen adayından toplanan veriler analize dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada “Mesleki Coşku Ölçeği” ve “Öğretmenlik Mesleğine İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler üzerinden öncelikle betimsel istatistik hesaplamaları, t testi ve tekyönlü varyans analizi ve korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının mesleki coşkuları ile mesleğe iliştin tutumlarının cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve bölümü isteyerek tercih etme değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca mesleki coşku ve mesleğe ilişkin tutum arasında pozitif yönde düşük ve orta düzeyde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Bu araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının öğretime ilişkin coşkuları ile karşılaştırıldığında branşlarına ilişkin coşkularının daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle öğretmen adaylarının branşlarını daha fazla benimsemelerini sağlamak üzere alanda çalışan başarılı öğretmenler ile öğretmen adaylarının bir araya geldiği etkinlikler düzenlenebilir.
KONTEYNER LİMANLARINDA DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM: KOCAELİ LİMANLARINDA BİR İNCELEME
Authors: İNANLI Habip , YORULMAZ Murat
Published: August 2021

Teknolojinin gelişmesi ve intermodal taşımacılığın daha kullanışlı hale gelmesi, konteyner limanlarında değişim ve gelişimine yol açmıştır. Geleneksel yük taşımacılığında dökme yükler katı ve sıvı halde taşınmakta iken dünya ticaretinin her alanda gelişmesi ile artan endüstriyel ihtiyaçların giderilmek istenmesi kapıdan kapıya taşımacılığın önemini daha da arttırmıştır. Bu amaç ile geliştirilen yüklerin bir metal kutu içine konması ile bu alanda taşımacılığın gelişimi sağlanmıştır. Bu metal kutuların taşınması için özel gemiler ve limanların gelişmesi ile konteyner taşımacılığı başlamıştır. Dünyada ve ülkemizde kullanılmaya başladığından beri sürekli artış gösteren konteyner taşımacılığı beraberinde kendine has limanların oluşumuna öncülük etmiştir. Konteyner amaçlı inşa edilen limanların son dönemlerde sayı ve kapasite artışları dünya üzerinde bulunan limanlar arasında rekabetinde başlamasına neden olmuştur. Konteyner elleçleme için oluşturulan limanlar bu küresel ticaretten daha fazla pay almak için ölçeklerini büyütmeleri, hizmet düzeylerini arttırmaları ve daha etkin operasyonel kabiliyet için teknolojilerini geliştirme zorunluluğu ile yüz yüze kalmışlardır.

Küresel ticaret piyasasında artan konteyner terminalleri paralel olarak ülkemizde de artmaktadır. Alt yapısı ve üretim merkezlerine yakınlığı ile bir sanayi şehri olan Kocaeli, limancılık ve konteyner limanları açısından geniş bir yelpaze sunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, konteyner taşımacılığını ve konteyner limanlarının yapısal özelliklerini ve dijital dönüşümün konteyner limanlar üzerinde etkilerini Kocaeli limanları örneğinde inceleyerek literatüre katkı yapmaktır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak da literatür taraması ile elde edilen çalışmalar ve Kocaeli liman bölgesinde konteyner elleçlemesi yapan altı liman ile ilgili istatistikler ve liman Web sayfaları detaylı incelenmiş ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu değerlendirmelerde, dijital dönüşüm konusunda öncülük yapan ve 55 ülkede liman yatırımları olan, DP World’ün Yarımca limanı öne çıkmaktadır.
A review on the synthesis, surface modification and drug delivery of nanoparticles
Authors: Md Dipu Ahmed  , Kazi M Maraz  , Shahirin Shahida  , Tarannum Dihan  , Ruhul A Khan
Published: August 2021

Over the past few years, the evolution of nanotechnology has extended into a wide range of applications. Nanotechnology has now become a multidisciplinary science that applies to electronics, materials science, biomedical engineering, microbiology, etc. Recently, nanotechnology is being used in biomedical and pharmaceutical science. Among them drug delivery is set to spread rapidly. Application of nanotechnology in health sector also created a potential impact such as in the fields of immunology, cardiology, endocrinology, ophthalmology, and oncology. Nanoparticles are unique because of their large surface area and it has the potential to change the properties of a bulk number of materials. The surface of nanoparticles can be modified with the help of various polymers, organic and inorganic substances according to the specific application and their use. Nanoparticles are also utilized as nano shells in drug delivery systems and cancer therapy. Nano shells can recognize the cancer cells when they are injected into the cancer area. The heat generated by the light absorbing nano shells due to the application of the near infrared light successfully kills tumour cells leaving the noncarcinogenic cells intact. In this review article, nanoparticles, the health implication of nanoparticles and their synthesis are discussed.