bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Noncoherent Detection in Massive MIMO Systems via Digital Beamspace Preprocessing
Authors: Bucher Stephan , Waldschmidt Christian
Published: November 2020

Noncoherent detection in massive multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) uplink systems provides a low-complexity alternative to its coherent counterpart. Requiring no actual channel knowledge but the per-user induced power at the base station, comparable performance as channel-estimation-based detection can be achieved when the users are located in the near-field of the base station. However, noncoherent detection fails in scenarios where users are in the far-field due to an insufficient capability to separate the users in terms of their spatially induced power. For this purpose, a dielectric lens or an analog beamforming structure can be employed, which are capable to focus the power of the incident waves to a smaller subset of the antennas at the base station. These so-called analog beamspace techniques have been demonstrated to enable again the noncoherent detection scheme. Analogous to a spatial Fourier transform, beamspace techniques can be also realized in the digital domain offering more flexibility. Its applicability to noncoherent detection is studied in this paper. It is shown numerically that by means of digital beamspace preprocessing, considerable performance gains can be achieved. Applied in dominant line-of-sight channels, a large number of users can be accommodated and the residual performance gap to coherent detection with perfect channel knowledge is minimal.
Distribution of Phlebotomine Sandflies in the Cave Area of Satun Province, Thailand
Authors: Thammapalo Suwich , Pawestri Aulia Rahmi , Kolaeh Kamal , Boondej Patcharida , Benarlee Rittiporn , Apiwathnasorn Chamnarn , Kumlert Rawadee
Published: November 2020

Leishmaniasis, a sandfly-transmitted protozoan infection, is a neglected health threat in Thailand and the information on its vector is scarce. This study aimed to identify sandfly distribution, abundance, and environmental conditions of natural breeding sites in the cave areas of Satun Province, where previous cases of leishmaniasis were reported. Sandflies were collected during a six-month period using CDC light traps and modified emergence traps. Species distribution, relative abundance, and environmental conditions of potential breeding sites were determined. Our survey of 12,790 sandflies found the highest female abundance in April–May. We identified six known species, the most prevalent being Sergentomyia anodontis. We also found S. barraudi, a potential Leishmania spp. vector, distributing in this area. Most male sandflies had partially rotated genitalia, indicating the breeding site proximity to our trap locations. Potential resting/breeding sites were discovered outside the cave during February–March, and inside during May–June. The environmental parameters showed warm climate, moderate humidity, moderately alkaline pH, moderate-to-high macronutrients, and low-to-high organic matters. In summary, our study provided the spatiotemporal distribution and environmental condition of sandfly potential breeding sites in the cave areas of Satun Province. This data may contribute to more effective vector surveillance programs in the future.
Diagnostic Performances of Different Genome Amplification Assays for the Detection of Swine Vesicular Disease Virus in Relation to Genomic Lineages That Circulated in Italy
Authors: Pezzoni Giulia , Benedetti Dennis , Bregoli Arianna , Barbieri Ilaria , Foglia Efrem Alessandro , Grazioli Santina , Brocchi Emiliana
Published: November 2020

During the last 25 years, swine vesicular disease (SVD) has occurred in Italy mostly sub-clinically. Therefore, regular testing of fecal samples from suspected holdings and high turnover premises was fundamental to identifying virus circulation and to achieve SVD eradication. In this study, we evaluated diagnostic performances of six genomic amplification methods, using positive fecal samples from 78 different outbreaks (1997–2014), which included different lineages. Comparison of three RT-PCRs, designed to amplify the same 154 nt portion of the gene 3D, demonstrated that a conventional and a real-time based on SYBR Green detection assay showed the highest diagnostic sensitivity, detecting all samples, while a real-time TaqMan-based test missed three cases, owing to two mismatches in the probe target sequence. Diagnostic and analytical specificities were optimal, as 300 negative field samples and other enteroviruses reacted negative. Three further evaluated tests, previously described, were a 3D-targeted reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and two real-time RT-PCRs targeted on the 5′UTR region. Here, the presence of multiple mismatches in probe and primers reduced the diagnostic performances, and two of the assays were unable to detect viruses from one sub-lineage. These results highlight that the choice of tests using less nucleotide targets significantly contributed to the success of the SVD eradication plan.
Impact of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Mineral Content in a Rat Model of Male Hypogonadism
Authors: Sakr Hussein F. , Hussein Abdelaziz M. , Eid Elsayed A. , Boudaka Ammar , Lashin Lashin S.
Published: November 2020

Objectives: The present study examined the effect DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) on bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) and biomarkers of bone remodeling in orchidectomized male rats. Material and Methods: A total of 32 male rats were divided equally into four groups (n = 8): (i) control group (C), (ii) control treated with DHEA (Control + DHEA), (iii) orchidectomized (ORCH) group that underwent bilateral orchidectomy and (iv) orchidectomized (ORCH) rats treated with DHEA (ORCH+DHEA). DHEA treatment started 4 weeks after orchidectomy and continued for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were assayed in the tibia and femur of the right hind limb of each rat. We also measured the serum levels of the bone turnover markers deoxypyridinoline (Dpd), N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b) and osteocalcin (OC) as well as receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Results: Orchidectomy in rats caused significant reduction in BMD, BMC, serum levels of testosterone, PTH (parathyroid hormone), OPG, OC and ALP with significant rise in serum levels of TRAP-5B, RANK, Dpd and NTx1 (p < 0.05). On the other hand, DHEA therapy for 12 weeks caused significant improvement in all studied parameters except NTx1 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: DHEA corrected hypogonadism-induced osteoporosis in male rats probably via inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, stimulating the activity of osteoblasts and stimulating the secretion of PTH and testosterone.
Analysis of Agricultural Water Use Efficiency Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Song Peibing , Wang Xiaoying , Wang Chao , Lu Mengtian , Chen Lei , Kong Lingzhong , Lei Xiaohui , Wang Hao
Published: November 2020

Improving agricultural water use efficiency (WUE) and reducing the proportion of agricultural water consumption are of great significance for coping with the water crisis in the world, particularly in northwest China. However, considering the lack of WUE indicators for the selection and an evaluation of system construction in Xinjiang, the implementation of the strictest water resources management system in this province has been seriously restricted. In order to evaluate the agricultural water utilization situation of 14 administrative regions in Xinjiang, a synthetical evaluation model is proposed combining the analytic hierarchy process method and the fuzzy evaluation method. Firstly, an evaluation system composed of the target layer (i.e., water use efficiency), the criterion layer (i.e., water use situation, engineering measure, planting structure) and the index layer (e.g., utilization coefficient of irrigation water, weighting irrigation quota, grain production per cubic meter of irrigation water, etc.) is constructed. Secondly, a classification standard of evaluation indicators is put forward and a fuzzy evaluation model is introduced into calculate agricultural WUE. Finally, key evaluation indicators that lead to these administrative regions with very low WUE are identified, and discussions on improving agricultural WUE in Kashgar are made. The evaluation results of this study are beneficial for providing support for reforming agricultural water use and promoting sustainable agricultural development in Xinjiang.
The Water Footprint of the United States
Authors: Konar Megan , Marston Landon
Published: November 2020

This paper commemorates the influence of Arjen Y. Hoekstra on water footprint research of the United States. It is part of the Special Issue “In Memory of Prof. Arjen Y. Hoekstra”. Arjen Y. Hoekstra both inspired and enabled a community of scholars to work on understanding the water footprint of the United States. He did this by comprehensively establishing the terminology and methodology that serves as the foundation for water footprint research. His work on the water footprint of humanity at the global scale highlighted the key role of a few nations in the global water footprint of production, consumption, and virtual water trade. This research inspired water scholars to focus on the United States by highlighting its key role amongst world nations. Importantly, he enabled the research of many others by making water footprint estimates freely available. We review the state of the literature on water footprints of the United States, including its water footprint of production, consumption, and virtual water flows. Additionally, we highlight metrics that have been developed to assess the vulnerability, resiliency, sustainability, and equity of sub-national water footprints and domestic virtual water flows. We highlight opportunities for future research.
The Adsorption Selectivity of Short and Long Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) from Surface Water Using Powder-Activated Carbon
Authors: Son Heejong , Kim Taehoon , Yoom Hoon-Sik , Zhao Dongye , An Byungryul
Published: November 2020

Nine per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including six perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and three perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs), were tested to find their adsorption selectivity from surface water and the feasibility of the powder activated carbon (PAC) process between the perchlorination and coagulation processes by operating parameters such as mixing intensity, dosage, contact time, initial pH, and concentration of perchlorination. The removal efficiency of four types of PAC revealed that the coal-based activated carbon was clearly advanced for all of the PFASs, and the thermal regenerated PAC did not exhibit a significant reduction in adsorption capacity. The longer carbon chain or the higher molecular weight (MW) obtained a higher adsorption capacity and the MW exhibited a more proportional relationship with the removal efficiency than the carbon chain number, regardless of the PFCA and PFSA species. Approximately 80% and 90% equilibria were accomplished within 60 and 120 min for the long chain carbon PFAS, respectively, while for the short chain PFAS, 240 min was required to reach 85% equilibrium. The effect of mixing intensity (rpm) was not considered for the removal of the PFAS, although it was relatively influenced in the short PFAS species. Due to the surface charge of the PAC and the properties of protonation of the PFASs, the acid condition increased the PFASs’ adsorption capacity. The prechlorination decreased the removal efficiency, and the reduction rate was more significantly influenced for the short chain PFAS than for the long chain PFAS.
Impact of multimorbidity on healthcare costs and utilisation: a systematic review of the UK literature
Authors: Soley-Bori Marina , Ashworth Mark , Bisquera Alessandra , Dodhia Hiten , Lynch Rebecca , Wang Yanzhong , Fox-Rushby Julia
Published: November 2020

Background

Managing multimorbidity is complex for both patients and healthcare systems. Patients with multimorbidity often use a variety of primary and secondary care services. Country-specific research exploring the healthcare utilisation and cost consequences of multimorbidity may inform future interventions and payment schemes in the UK.

Aim

To assess the relationship between multimorbidity, healthcare costs, and healthcare utilisation; and to determine how this relationship varies by disease combinations and healthcare components.

Design and setting

A systematic review.

Method

This systematic review followed the bidirectional citation searching to completion method. MEDLINE and grey literature were searched for UK studies since 2004. An iterative review of references and citations was completed. Authors from all articles selected were contacted and asked to check for completeness of UK evidence. The National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tool was used to assess risk of bias. Data were extracted, findings synthesised, and study heterogeneity assessed; meta-analysis was conducted when possible.

Results

Seventeen studies were identified: seven predicting healthcare costs and 10 healthcare utilisation. Multimorbidity was found to be associated with increased total costs, hospital costs, care transition costs, primary care use, dental care use, emergency department use, and hospitalisations. Several studies demonstrated the high cost of depression and of hospitalisation associated with multimorbidity.

Conclusion

In the UK, multimorbidity increases healthcare utilisation and costs of primary, secondary, and dental care. Future research is needed to examine whether integrated care schemes offer efficiencies in healthcare provision for multimorbidity.
Association of multimorbidity with higher levels of urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study of 23 089 individuals aged ≥15 years residing in Spain
Authors: Jacob Louis , López-Sánchez Guillermo Felipe , Oh Hans , Shin Jae Il , Grabovac Igor , Soysal Pinar , Ilie Petre Cristian , Veronese Nicola , Koyanagi Ai , Smith Lee
Published: November 2020

Background

One can assume a relatively high prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in people with multimorbidity. However, literature in this area is scarce. There is a need for further robust research to aid GPs to identify patients at a particular risk for UI, and to initiate the early treatment and multidisciplinary management of this condition.

Aim

To examine the association between multimorbidity and UI in 23 089 individuals aged ≥15 years and residing in Spain.

Design and setting

This study used data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017, a cross-sectional sample of 23 089 participants aged ≥15 years residing in Spain (54.1% female; mean [standard deviation] age = 53.4 [18.9] years).

Method

UI and 30 other physical and mental chronic conditions were self-reported. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of ≥2 physical and/or mental chronic conditions (excluding UI). Control variables included sex, age, marital status, education, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between multimorbidity and UI.

Results

The prevalence of UI was 5.9% in this sample. UI was more frequent in the presence than in the absence of each one of the 30 chronic conditions (P<0.001). The proportion of people with UI was also higher in the multimorbidity than in the no-multimorbidity group (9.8% versus 0.7%, P<0.001). After adjusting for several potential confounders (that is, sex, age, marital status, education, smoking, and alcohol), there was a significant and positive relationship between multimorbidity and UI (odds ratio = 5.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.89 to 6.59, P<0.001).

Conclusion

In this large sample of Spanish individuals aged ≥15 years, suffering from multimorbidity was associated with a significantly higher level of UI.
Prática mental e equilíbrio em indivíduos após Acidente Vascular Cerebral isquêmico
Authors: Santana Janieli Maciel , Sousa Mariana Duarte de , Dantas Silviane Henriques , Lima Eloise de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Introdução. A prática mental (PM) tem sido sugerida como uma possibilidade de terapia auxiliar na reabilitação motora de pacientes com desordens neurológicas. A técnica requer que o paciente mantenha a capacidade de movimento, mas que tenha somente a intenção de realizar alguma tarefa motora. Objetivo. Avaliar a influência da prática mental sobre o equilíbrio de indivíduos com Acidente Vascular Cerebral isquêmico (AVC). Método. Participaram da pesquisa seis pacientes atendidos no setor de neurologia da Clínica Escola da UNINASSAU-CG, com idade média de 56±13,91 anos, sexo masculino. Foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo que realizou apenas a fisioterapia motora - GFM (n=3) e grupo que realizou a fisioterapia motora e a prática mental - GFM + PM (n=3). Os participantes foram avaliados utilizando o Mini Exame do Estado Mental, Teste de equilíbrio de Berg e Timed Up & Go. Resultados. Não houve diferença entre GFM+PM e GFM em relação ao equilíbrio (p<0.05). Entretanto, observou-se que os dois grupos apresentaram melhoras, sugerindo que o indivíduo pós AVC pode ser beneficiado na recuperação do equilíbrio e na redução do risco de quedas realizando apenas a fisioterapia motora ou realizando a prática mental associada a fisioterapia motora. Conclusões. Reforça-se a importância da adesão do fisioterapeuta a novas técnicas, de modo a interligar os sistemas envolvidos na ativação de áreas corticais relacionadas a realização do movimento que são de extrema importância para a estimulação da plasticidade neuronal.
Nicolas Bouvier sur les pas du col
Authors: Rietsch Jean-Michel
Published: November 2020

Pour Bouvier, le col est le début de tout voyage. C''est une frontière géographique et existentielle où se jouent des choix de vie. Pour illustrer ce propos, j''agence quelques franchissements remarquables en une dialectique. Elle culmine avec Le silence des cols (1996). Les cols franchis s''y révèlent comme une propédeutique du seuil de la mort. Bouvier s''appuie sur l''alliance du texte et de l''image pour nous faire imaginer le voyage au-delà de cette ultime passe.
Sur les pas de Julia Flisch et de Mary Jones, voyageuses américaines en Europe, 1894
Authors: W. Flisch Christian
Published: November 2020

À la fin du XIXe siècle, deux jeunes femmes originaires de Géorgie, Julia Flisch et Mary Jones, invitent les lecteurs du journal Union Recorder à les suivre dans leur voyage à travers l''Atlantique et à découvrir avec elles la vie à bord d''un navire et sur le Vieux Continent. Leurs reportages et leurs regards de femmes, où pointe parfois un soupçon d''ironie et de critique, sont descriptifs mais toujours enthousiastes et curieux. Inédites en français, leurs lettres sont ici intégralement traduites.
The Effects of Ovarian Vitrification on Mitochondrial Fusion (MFN-1, MFN2 and OPA-1), Fission (DNM-1), Mitophagy (PARKIN, PINK-1) and Transport (MIRO-1, MILTON) Proteins
Authors: ÖZTATLICI Mustafa , ÖZBİLGİN Mahmut Kemal , İNAN Vissun Sevinç , TEMEL Merve , VATANSEVER Hafize Seda
Published: November 2020

Objective: Ovarian cryopreservation is a useful alternative for fertility preservation in assisted reproductive
technologies. In spite of many advances in the vitrification procedure, this technique is still considered experimental.
Therefore in this study, we aimed to investigate the expressions of mitochondrial fusion (MFN1, MFN2 and OPA1),
fission (DRP1), mitophagy (PARKIN, PINK1) and transport (MIRO-1, MILTON) proteins in ovarian tissues by qPCR
technique after vitrification.
Materials and Methods: To investigate the mitochondrial dynamics after vitrification, the ovaries were recovered
from 6-8 week old healthy female mice (No: 12) and were divided into vitrification and control groups. Vitrification
carried out using ethylene glycol, dimethylsulfoxide and sucrose. After total RNA isolation from ovaries in control
and vitrification groups, qPCR technique was performed to determine the expression rate of target genes. The relative
gene expressions of the target genes were evaluated according to 2−∆∆Ct method.
Results: Histological evaluation revealed that ovaries in the control group were shown normal morphology while the
tissue integrity of the ovaries in the vitrification group is disrupted, some follicles are degenerated and granulosa cells
were shed into antrum. According to our qPCR results, outer membran fusion proteins MFN1 gene expression
decreased 1,12 fold and inner membran protein OPA-1 increased 1,36 fold in the vitrification group compared the
control group. The mitochondrial fission protein DRP-1 gene expression increased 1,20 fold in the vitrification group.
The mitophagy proteins PINK-1 and PARKIN genes expressions decreased 1,34 and 3,75 fold respectively in the
vitrification group. The transport proteins; MIRO-1 gene expression decreased 1,16 fold but MILTON (TRAK-1) gene
expression sharply increased 2,28 fold compared the control group.
Conclusion: The alternation of the mitochondrial dynamics related gene expressions may lead a decrease in the
mitochondrial function during the ovarian vitrification and may reduce the potential of oocyte maturation and embryo
development
effect of gamma irradiation on the germination and growth of Turda Star maize hybrid dry samples
Authors: Marcu Delia , Cosma Constantin
Published: November 2020

In order to study the effects of gamma rays on germination indices i.e. germination index (GI), total germination (GT) and thegermination energy (GE), of maize hybrid, Turda Star current experiment was conducted. Dry seeds of Turda Star maize hybrid wereirradiated with 2, 5, 15, 30 and 50 Gy, using a 60Co-gamma radiation source.Results showed that gamma irradiation affected all the above mentioned parameters except germination percentage. Totalgermination and germination energy was significantly affected at higher doses of gamma rays. However, increasing doses of gammarays did not have significant effects on seed germination percentage. The other growth parameters showed declining tendency withincreasing doses of gamma irradiation.
Researches on the quick method of sugar productivity evaluation
Authors: Popa Dorin , Sarca Gheorghe
Published: November 2020

In a sugar factory it is necessary to be able to calculate very quickly the sugar productivity possible to obtain by processing the beethaving a certain technological quality. That is the reason why, in the following lines, it is presented a very quick method used by the Institute ofAlimentary Chemistry, the laboratory for sugar research and engineering, for such kind of quick calculations, but with a high theoretical andpractical precision.
Modern methods to determine vitamin E in foods and feeds
Authors: Bara Camelia , Bara Lucian , Bara Vasile , Bara Ligia , Domuta Cristian
Published: November 2020

Highly specific and sensitive, the proposed fluorometric method for determining α-tocopherol is robust and fairly fast. Ithas been tested in parallel with a conventional thin layer chromatographic method on foods and feeds. The only necessarycleanup is the usual saponification. The unsaponificable fraction can be extracted with ethyl ether or, preferably, withExtrelut columns. Reagents and their solvents are added to the isooctane solution before each successive reaction and arethen eliminated by partition with water. The α-tocopherol (α-T) derivative always remains in isooctane. The first step isnitrosation and elimination of tocopherols and tocotrienols other than α-isomers. α-T is then oxidized to α-tocored (α-TR)with a mixture of sulfuric acid, ferric chloride, and iodine bromide. Α-TR is then condensed to a new reagent: 4,5-dimethylo-phenylenediamine. The phenazine formed is strongly fluorescent. Iodine and bromine add to the double bonds of α-tocotrienol present and quench the fluorescence of its phenazine.
Fruit quality parameters of sweet cherry cultivars produced under rain protected plastic foil and general orchard conditions
Authors: Vaszily Barbara
Published: November 2020

Due to global climate warming, frequency of negative weather effects (rainfall amounts, distribution, sortness) are increasing. Rainfallamounts and frequency has also great effect of sweet cherry fruit quality around fruit ripening. Determination of optimal technologicalbasics (such as first class fruit quality and economic value) are an important task in dynamically growing sweet cherry production. This canbe solved with introduction of a new intensive training system. One of the solutions can be rain protecting foil which can reduce fruitcracking and fruit rot. Without this option sweet cherry can not be grown in many countries. In this study, fruit quality parameters werecompared from a 10 year old intensive (4 x 1m) sweet cherry orchard. The effect of rain protecting foil was tested in comparison with fruitsfrom not covered tree
identification of phylloquinone in cattle samples using T.L.C. method
Authors: Bara Lucian
Published: November 2020

A case of hemorrhage of unknown origin was observed in cattle and liver samples were submitted for assay of Vitamin K orpossible cuomarol. After evaluating normal and reverse phase Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) plates and different solvents,reverse phase TLC plate with indicator and methylene chloride:methanol 70:30 were chosen for direct method of detection andindication of Vitamin K.Gass Chromatography and Densitometry were used to quantitate the Vitamin K present in liver samples andconfirmation of Vitamin K was done by Mass Spectroscopy.
Risk effects of the spread route of mycotoxins
Authors: Bíró Györgyi , Tamás János , Borbély János , Mézes Lili , Hunyadi Gergely
Published: November 2020

In Hungary the mycotoxin is a great problem, because there are many natural toxins in wheat and maize. These cereals can be found onconsiderable proportion of the country’s sowing area, and they are deterministic food for the population. The direct human and animalutilization of the contaminated cereals mean a serious risk in the food chain. In Hungary’s climate the soil is contaminated with pathogenmoulds, particularly Fusarium species, which increase by respective temperature and moisture content in cereals. The Fusarium candecrease the quality of the wheat in different ways: decrease the germination capability and cause visible discoloration and appearance ofmould, reduces the dry material and nutrient content of the grain. From the toxins produced by the Fusarium genus, the trichotecene (T-2,HT-2, deoxinivalenol, nivalenol, diacetoxyscxirpenol, Fusarenon-X) and the estrogenic zearalenon (F-2) are the most common in Hungary.The fumonisins (FB1, FB2, FB3) first identified in 1988, relatively newly discovered, are also important. Major proportion of mycotoxins in ahealthy organization is metabolized by the enzyme system of liver and intestinal bacteria. The toxicity is reduced or even leaves off.However, more toxic and biologically active compounds can be formed. For the reduction of mycotoxin-contamination several possibilitiesare available in the case of storage, processing and feeding.
effect of climatic change on the rheological properties of winter wheat doughs
Authors: Boros Norbert , Kónya Éva , Fórián Sándor , Győri Zoltán
Published: November 2020

In present paper we have examined the effect of climatic change on the extensigraph characteristics of wheat-flours. The baking qualityof winter wheat is largely determined by cultivar, but it can be influenced by weather conditions during growing period. Flours were from 5cultivars grown at one location in three cropping years. We have found that the extensigraph properties of dough are affected by the weatherconditions, nevertheless, different cultivars distinctly react to the increase of temperature and decrease of precipitation. In generally, thehigher average day temperature and lower precipitation level is favourable to produce winter wheat flour with better quality
Analysis of the photosynthetic parameters, the yield and the quality of winter wheat
Authors: Csajbók József , Kutasy Erika , Pepó Péter
Published: November 2020

The environmental adaptability of crop production is basically determined by the selection of biological background (plant species andvarieties) suitable for the region and the site. The aim of our work is to parametrize the plant assimilation, its intensity, dynamics and themost important characteristics and the relationships to the quality in winter wheat trials. The measurements were carried out at the researchsite of the University of Debrecen in small parcel experiments. We measured the leaf net CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 level, the transpiration, the leaf temperature and the air temperature by the LICOR LI-6400 portable photosynthesissystem in field trials on the nutrient supply. The soil of the experimental area is calciferous chernozem with favorable water regime.We have examined the photosynthetic activity, the productivity and yield stability of winter wheat varieties. We have compared the yieldresults, at similar agrotechnical conditions in seven cropyears. We also determined the quality parameters of the winter wheat varieties.Then we valued the yield stability of genotypes with the help of analysis of variance and linear regression equations. We have defined theconnections between assimilation parameters, the yield stability and quality parameters of wheat varieties.
Determining elements of variety-specific maize production technology
Authors: Sárvári Mihály , Boros Beáta
Published: November 2020

Our aim was to work out such new maize fertilizer methods and models which can reduce the harmful effects of fertilization, canmaintain the soil fertility and can moderate the yield fluctuation (nowadays 50-60 %).The soil of our experimental projects was meadow soil. The soil could be characterized by high clay content and pour phosphorus andmedium potassium contents. In the last decade, out of ten years six years were dry and hot in our region. So the importance of crop-rotationis increasing and we have to strive for using the appropriate crop rotation.The yields of maize in monoculture crop rotation decreased by 1-3 t ha-1 in each dry year during the experiment (1983, 1990, 1992,1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2003, and 2007). The most favourable forecrop of maize was wheat, medium was the biculture crop rotationand the worst crop rotation was the monoculture.There is a strong correlation between the sowing time and the yield of maize hybrids, but this interactive effect can be modified by theamount and distribution of precipitation in the vegetation period. At the early sowing time, the grain moistures were 5-12 % lower comparedto the late sowing time and 4-5 % lower compared to the optimum sowing treatment.There are great differences among the plant density of different maize hybrids. There are hybrids sensitive to higher plant density andthere are hybrids with wide and narrow optimum plant densities.The agro-ecological optimum fertilizer dosage of hybrids with a longer season (FAO 400-500) was N 30-40 kg ha-1 higher in favourableyears as compared to early hybrids.We can summarize our results by saying that we have to use hybrid-specific technologies in maize production. In the future, we have toincrease the level of inputs and have to apply the best appropriate hybrids and with respect to the agroecologial conditions, we can betterutilize the genetic yield potential.
effects of agrotechnological factors on winter wheat yield in humid cropyear
Authors: Vári Enikő , Vad Attila , Pepó Péter
Published: November 2020

The effects of crop rotation, nutrien supply and crop protection technologies, as well as the appearance of the main ear- and leafdiseases(powdery mildew, helminthosporium leaf spot, leaf rust, fusarium) were studied on the crop yields of winter wheat variety MVPálma during the 2009/2010 crop year. The experiments were conducted in triculture (pea – wheat – corn) and biculture (wheat – corn), atfive nutrition levels, with the use of three crop protection technologies (extensive, conventional and intensive) at the Látókép Research Site ofthe University of Debrecen, Centre of Agricultural Sciences. Our results proved that the appearance of leaf- and ear-diseases weresignificant in the wheat cultures during the 2009/2010 crop year, because of the rainy, warmer than usual weather, the lodging, and the hugevegetative mass developed. The most severe infections by the four examined diseases after pea and corn pre-crops were observed atextensive crop protection levels, when fertilizers were used at the highest dose.Following corn pre-crop, in the case of all the three crop protection technologies the maximum rate of wheat yield results were achievedat N150+PK level. The highest yield was reached at intensive crop protection level (6079 kg ha-1). In triculture, in case of all the three cropprotection technologies the maximum yields were achieved at N50+PK level; in extensive technology 5041 kg·ha-1 yield, in conventionaltechnology 6190 kg ha-1 yield was realised, while in the intensive technological model the yield was 7228 kg ha-1.The relationship between yield and fertilizer amounts, the rate of pathogen contaminations, crop protection technologies and pre-cropswas defined with correlation analysis in case of different crop rotations during the 2009/2010 crop year. Based on the results of theexperiment, we found that in stands after corn pre-crop strong positive correlation was established between the crop protection level and thecrop yield (0.543), the nutrient levels and the emergence of the four examined pathogens, and between the nutrient levels and the yield(0.639). Extremly strong positive correlation was observed between crop protection and yield (0.843) in triculture. Strong positivecorrelation was detected between the nutrient levels and the presence of the four examined pathogens, as well as between nutrient andlodging (0.688). Strong negative correlation was between the crop protection level and the four examined diseases both in biculture andtriculture.
Monitoring the oxygen level in the Szarvas-Kákafok Deadarm
Authors: Csizmarik Gábor , Ligetvári Ferenc , Juhász Csaba , Simándi Péter
Published: November 2020

The water quality of the Szarvas-Békésszentandrás Dead Körös is generally meso-eutrophic, and meso-saprobic. However, particularlyunder higher temperature conditions, the water body may change toward the eutrophic state, even algal blooms could be observedpreviously.The present measurements were conducted during a two week period, twice a day. Three water samples were taken horizontally, fromthe surface, bottom and the middle of the water body. The samples were examined in situ. The oxygen content, the temperature, the pH andthe conductivity were measured by potentiometric methods.Increasing pH was detected in correlation to the temperature, which indicated a rising photosynthetic activity. Also, the O2concentration showed high variations, especially, when the fresh water supply from the river was stopped, due to a small flood in the riverKörös.These results indicate the increasing eutrophication processes in the deadarm, and the high load and instability of the ecosystem.
irrigation influence under the soil, microclimate and plants in maize from Crişurilor Plain
Authors: Domuta Cornel , Maria Sandor , Bara Vasile , Ciobanu Gheorghe , Borza Ioana , Domuta Cristian , Brejea Radu , Ciobanu Cornelia , Bara Camelia , Bara Lucian , Vuscan Adrian , Gitea Manuel , Peres Ana , Köteles Nandor
Published: November 2020

The paper is based on the researches carried out in the long term trial placed on the preluvosoil from Oradea in 1976, for establishingthe soil water balance. In the irrigated variant the soil moisture was determined 10 to 10 days for maintaining the soil water reserve onirrigation depth (0 – 50 cm for wheat and bean, 0 – 75cm for maize, sunflower, soybean, sugarbeet, potato and alfalfa 1st year and 0 – 100cm for alfalfa 2nd year) between easily available water content and field capacity. Thus, an average irrigation rate of 2560 m³/ha was usedin the 9 experimental crops. The average of the annual rainfall for the 1976 – 2008 period was of 625.0 mm. The technologies used werecorrelated with the needes of the crops, such as melioration crop rotation, chemical fertilizers in accordance with the chemical export on theyield, manure (40 t/ha) was used in potato and sugarbeet. After 33 years of the irrigation use the soil structure degree (38.62%) did notdecrease when compared to the unirrigated maize – wheat crop rotation (37.01%). Bulk density, total porosity, penetration resistance andhydraulic conductivity have worse values than the ones in the unirrigated variant. The humus content is very close to the humus contentdetermined in 1976, the phosphorus and the potassium content increased very much in comparison with the initial content (117 ppm vs 22.0ppm); (180.0 ppm vs 102 ppm). The use of the adequate fertilization system and of the irrigation water with a good qaulity did not determinea decrease of the pH value of the soil. The irrigation determined the improve of the microclimate conditions, the increase of the plant waterconsumption, yield gains very significant statistically and higher protein content of the maize grains.
Mitigation and adaptation measures in the hungarian rural development programme
Authors: Lazányi János
Published: November 2020

In the Hungarian Rural Development Programme (RDP) climate change adaptation is addressed through the measures in Axis 1, 2, 3 and 4. Under Axis 1 farmers can receive support for farm modernisation that will help them adapt to climate change. The processing industry will also be able to use the available resources for capital expenditure on buildings and new equipment. Axis 2 and especially the soil and water package within the agrienvironmentalmeasure aim to support production methods, which protect soil quality and will help adaptation to climate change. Measures of Axis 3, such as basic services for the economy and rural population, village renewal and development will provide local communities the opportunity to identify actions that can be undertaken to deal with the effects of climate change. On the other hand, the extension of forest resources contributes to climate change mitigation and enhances carbon sequestration. New methods have been elaborated to the sustainable regional water management, irrigation, water regulation, defence against internal water, and soil protection established. Water management contributes to the balance of water quantity on one side, but also to mitigating the climate change on the other.
influence of the fertilizing system on the petroleum residues biodegradation on a preluvosoil under control polluted
Authors: Sabau N.C. , Sandor Maria , Domuta Cornel , Brejea R. , Domuta Cristian
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the partial results of researches regarding the agrochemical melioration of soils under control polluted by petroleum residues that took place at the Agricultural and Research and Development Station in Oradea, Bihor County.The experimental device was made out of 1 m2 microparcels, spread out in subdivided parcels, in four repetitions, having tree factors: A - the pollution by crude oil from Suplacu de Barcău, B – the mineral fertilization, and C – the organic fertilization.The experience was set out on a preluvosoil în the year 1993 and the soil was cultivated with millet in the first 3 years and with spring wheat in the last 7 years of research.The researches carried out in Oradea had the objective of establishing the effects of the fertilizing system on the petroleum residue biodegradation on a preluvosoil under control polluted with crude oil from Suplacu de Barcău, Bihor County.
Mass transfer in a vertical cylindrical inert granular layer for axial flow input
Authors:   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force «N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy», Filimonova O.N. , Vikulin A.S. ,   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force «N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy», Enyutina M.V. ,   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force «N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy»
Published: November 2020

Based on pseudodiffusion model with orthotropic tensor of the dispersion of the tools analyze the impact of heterogeneity of the mass flow of the substance entering the working area of the device with stationary cylindrical granular inert layer of non-stationary boundary value problems for linear differential equations in private derivatives of parabolic type with initial conditions corresponding to the device, leveling heterogeneity. The analytical solution of the formulated problem is obtained by successive application of the semi-bounded integral Laplace transform and the finite integral Hankel transform, are verified the structures of functions describing the input flow as a result of using equalizing systems (distribution grids and scattering disks). Computational experiments allowed us to quantitatively describe the picture of heterogeneity of concentration fields depending on the values of the flow dispersion coefficients and the type of device that equalizes the input flow. It is shown that without equalizing elements, the input stream creates a significant heterogeneity of the concentration field in the apparatus, and the disk has the highest efficiency in this aspect compared to the lattice due to the formation of a more "smooth" input concentration profile. A specific example of evaluating the heterogeneity of concentration fields in the complex cleaning unit of an air separation unit showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Numerical investigation of heat transfer and hydrodynamics for in-line drop-shaped tubes bundle
Authors:   Damascus University, Deeb R. , Kolotvin A.V. ,   National Research University (Moscow Power Engineering Institute)
Published: November 2020

A numerical study using the software package ANSYS has been conducted to investigate fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for in-line drop-shaped and circular tubes bundles in crossflow. Reynolds number based on equivalent diameter varied in range of 3x103 ≤ Re ≤ 18.7x103. The longitudinal spacing SL= 37, 46.25 mm, while the transversal spacing ST =37 mm. A mathematical and numerical model has been developed for numerical evaluation of heat transfer and hydrodynamic of a studied bundles. The distribution of the pressure coefficient over a half surface of the circular and drop-shaped tubes of the third row was obtained. Correlations of the average Nusselt number and the friction coefficient for the studied bundles in terms of Re were presented. Results showed that pressure coefficient and heat transfer of drop-shaped tubes depend on position of tubes in tubes bundle. The thermal–hydraulic performance of the drop-shaped tubes bundle is about 1,45~ 2,01 и 1,45~ 2,01 times greater than the circular one for SL= 37, 46.25 mm, respectively.
Description of the short-term process by the equation of heat conductivity with fractional derivatives
Authors:   Institute of Power Engineering and Advanced Technologies of FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kirsanov Yu.A. , Kirsanov A.Yu. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev – KAI «KNRTU–KAI»
Published: November 2020

The thermal conductivity models of Fourier, Cattaneo-Vernotte, Maxwell-Cattaneo-Luikov and models with fractional time derivatives of temperature and heat flux are considered. An algorithm for the numerical solution of the generalized problem of one-dimensional heat conduction is constructed. The algorithm comprises all the models listed above applying boundary conditions of the third kind and difference analogs of differential operators of the second order of accuracy in coordinate and time. The parameters (Biot number, time of thermal relaxation and thermal damping, indicators of fractional derivatives) that describe experimental transient processes are determined using the listed models applied for both in the center and on the surface of a low heat-conducting body.
Modern opportunities for preparation of ultra-pure water for feeding high-performance boiler plants
Authors:   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Filimonova A.A. , Chichirova N.D. ,   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Chichirov A.A. ,   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Batalova A.A. ,   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Filimonov A.G. ,   Kazan State Power Engineering University
Published: November 2020

The article provides an overview of modern high-performance combined-cycle plants and gas turbine plants with waste heat boilers. The forecast for the introduction of gas turbine equipment at TPPs in the world and in Russia is presented. The classification of gas turbines according to the degree of energy efficiency and operational characteristics is given. Waste heat boilers are characterized in terms of design and associated performance and efficiency. To achieve high operating parameters of gas turbine and boiler equipment, it is necessary to use, among other things, modern water treatment equipment. The article discusses modern effective technologies, the leading place among which is occupied by membrane, and especially baromembrane methods of preparing feed water-waste heat boilers. At the same time, the ion exchange technology remains one of the most demanded at TPPs in the Russian Federation.
Review of models of gradient plasticity theory
Authors:   Institute of Power Engineering and Advanced Technologies, Khamidullin R.M.
Published: November 2020

Gradient plasticity theories have potential applications for evaluating the load-bearing capacity of structures, since they more accurately describe stress fields in the crack vertex region by including the influence of dislocation distribution density. Gradient plasticity theories take into account scale effects, assuming that stresses depend not only on deformations, but also on the gradient of deformations. The main idea is that the material is strengthened by changing the total density of dislocations, some of which are derived from the stress gradient. These dislocations begin to play a dominant role in the process of metal deformation at the micro level. This paper provides a literature review of gradient plasticity theories that not only rationalize large-scale effects, but also help to understand the processes occurring in the crack vertex region in the presence of the largest plastic deformation gradients.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA GAME VISUAL NOVEL BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PADA MATERI ALJABAR
Authors: Jabali Sesar Guntur , Supriyono Supriyono , Nugraheni Puji
Published: November 2020

Education was strongly influenced by technological advances, moreover, teachers were required to be creative and innovative. One of them which can be applied for learning media was following existing technological developments. This study aims to produce learning media for ethnomathematics based visual novel games and to determine the validity, practicality and effectiveness to be suitably used by junior high school students. The development model used in this research was the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) development model. This studied was involved 30 students and mathematics teacher at the analysis stage, three experts at the product validation stage and 10 students at the implementation stage. The resulted of the development research were in the form of ethnomathematics-based visual novel game media with a validity score of 86.7% (very valid criteria), a practicality score of 3.3 (good criteria), a score of 90% student learning completeness (complete) and a conceptual understanding of 83.7 % (very good criteria). From the resulted of the study it was concluded that the media was suitable to be used and increased students' conceptual understanding because it met the valid, practical and effective criteria.