bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Öznitelik Seçici Olarak Balina Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanarak Türkçe Metinlerde Siber Zorbalığın Tespiti
Authors: KANBAK Deniz Furkan , KAYA KELEŞ Mümine
Published: December 2022

Dünya genelinde sosyal medya kullanımının artması ile siber zorbalığın ve doğal olarak siber zorbalığa maruz kalan kişilerin sayısı da aynı oranda artmaktadır. Mağdurların daha fazla bu duruma maruz kalmaması, aynı zamanda yeni mağduriyetlerin de oluşmaması açısından siber zorbalığın tespiti önem arz etmektedir. Literatürde siber zorbalıkla ilgili birçok çalışma bulunmakta iken, Türkçe dilindeki cümleleri analiz ederek siber zorbalığı tespit eden çok fazla çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın mevcut çalışmalardan farkı, Türkçe hazırlanmış bir veri seti üzerinde hem önişlem yaparak siber zorbalığın tespitinin başarısını ölçmek hem de çok büyük dokümanlarla çalışıldığında öznitelik sayısını düşürerek başarıyı düşürmeyecek bir yöntem bulmaktır. Bu sebeple öznitelik seçici olarak henüz Türkçe Siber zorbalık veri setlerinde denenmemiş bir yöntem olan Balina Optimizasyon algoritması bu çalışmada kullanılmış olup veri setine önişlemler gerçekleştirilerek K-En Yakın Komşu (KNN), Çok Terimli Naïve Bayes (MNB) ve Rastgele Orman (RF) sınıflandırıcı algoritmaları ile siber zorbalığın tespitinin başarısı ölçülmüştür. Yapılan deneylere göre, her üç sınıflandırıcı ile ham veri setine sınıflandırma işlemi gerçekleştirilirken hem önişlem yapıldığında hem de Balina Optimizasyon Algoritması ile öznitelik seçimi yapıldığında öznitelik sayısı azalmış olup doğruluk değeri büyük oranda artmıştır. Özellikle kök alma işlemi hariç diğer tüm önişlemlerin gerçekleştiği veri setinde sınıflandırıcı olarak RF Algoritması ile öznitelik seçici olarak Balina Optimizasyon Algoritması birlikte kullanıldığında doğruluk oranı %85’ten %91’e yükselmiştir. Bu da gösteriyor ki, önişlem yapma ve Balina Optimizasyon Algoritması ile öznitelik seçimi nitelik sayısını da önemli ölçüde azaltarak siber zorbalık tespitindeki başarıyı arttırmaktadır.
Dengesiz Veri Kümelerinde Topluluk Yöntemlerine Dayalı Melanom Sınıflandırılması
Authors: KANCA Elif , AYAS Selen
Published: December 2022

Dermoskopi görüntüleme, deri kanseri teşhisi için dermotolojistler tarafından yaygın bir biçimde kullanılan bir tanı metodudur. Dermotolojik değerlendirmenin uzman kişiye bağlı, zaman alıcı ve sübjektif olmasından dolayı otomatik sistemler dermotolojistler tarafından karar verme süreçlerine katkı sağlamaları için tercih edilmektedir. Deri lezyon görüntülerinden melanomların tespit edilmesi hastalığın erken teşhisi ile tedavi sürecini hızlandırarak hastalık ve ölüm oranlarını azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmada cilt bölgesinden alınan görüntülerden oluşan erişime açık ISIC 2017 veri kümesindeki lezyon bölgelerinin öznitelikleri incelenerek görüntüler melanom ya da nevüs ve seboreik keratoz olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Melanom verisine ait lezyon özniteliklerini temsil etmek için lezyon bölgesinin şekil, renk ve doku öznitelikleri elde edilmiştir. Çıkarılan öznitelikler k-en yakın komşuluk, destek vektör makineleri ve topluluk öğrenme yöntemlerinden kolay topluluk, RUSBoost, dengelenmiş torbalama ve dengelenmiş rastgele orman sınıflandırıcıları ile sınıflandırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre en iyi sınıflandırma sonuçları sırasıyla %100, %99.17, %99.33 ve %99.58 duyarlılık, özgüllük, doğruluk ve dengeli doğruluk değerleri ile RUSBoost sınıflandırıcısı ile elde edilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlar önerilen öznitelik çıkarma ve sınıflandırma yönteminin lezyon bölgelerinden melanom sınıflandırması için büyük potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Self-Isolation Monitoring of COVID-19 Patients Using Fuzzy Inference System-Tsukamoto
Authors: Roshinta Trisna Ari , Masbahah Masbahah
Published: December 2022

In self-isolation of Covid-19 patients, it is very important to carry out regular condition checks. Currently, the examination of severity of patien’s condition can be carried out by the patient himself online with the tools as measurement provided by public health center, and the data can be monitored by medic team. Several applications for monitoring the daily condition of Covid-19 patients have been developed but the parameters used in the monitoring application are not standardized and the accuracy of the application is unknown. This study aims to develop a Covid-19 patient monitoring application using more complete and accurate parameters. The input parameters used are body temperature, O2 saturation, pulse rate, and respiratory rate. The output is the level of the Covid-19 patient's condition which is divided into mild, moderate, and severe, as well as information on the actions that must be taken. This research uses the Fuzzy Inference System-Tsukamoto method. The test results between the system output and expert testing related to the condition of Covid-19 patients show that this self-checking application for monitoring has an accuracy of 95%.
Penerapan Metode E-Service Quality Terhadap Pengukuran Tingkat Kepuasan Penggunaan Marketplace
Authors: Parwita Wayan Gede Suka , Indradewi I Gusti Ayu Agung Diatri , Ariantini Made Suci , Ginantra Ni Luh Wiwik Sri Rahayu , Putra I Kadek Andika
Published: December 2022

Intense competition makes various existing markets must be able to provide the best and satisfaction for users to win the existing competition. In the review of the JD.ID application during versions 6.3 and 6.4 there were several user complaints that led to system and service quality problems. Service quality is one of the factors supporting the success or failure of an information system to provide satisfaction to its users. The purpose of this study was to determine how the influence of electronic service quality (e-service quality) on user satisfaction in the JD.ID application. The type of analysis used in this study is simple regression analysis with descriptive analysis to describe a generalization or explain the research subject based on the dimensions of e-service quality, so that an overview of the effect of e-service quality on user satisfaction can be obtained. The processed data was obtained from distributing questionnaires by using the google form. The results showed that the majority of JD.ID marketplace users in Badung Regency were women. The test results show that e-service quality which consists of dimensions of efficiency, system availability, fulfillment, privacy, responsiveness, compensation, and contact has a significant influence on user satisfaction and has a strong correlation, meaning that the higher the service quality JD has. ID, the higher the level of satisfaction of JD.ID users. It can be said that the service quality of JD.ID is quite good in providing user satisfaction.
TATA PEMERINTAHAN YANG BAIK DAN KOLABORASI PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN(SISTEMATIK LITERATUR REVIEW)
Authors: Parlina Rina
Published: December 2022

Kewajiban pemerintah sebagai penyelenggara pemerintahan dalam melaksanakan pembangunan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan pelayanan masyarakat tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Untuk menyelenggarakan pemerintahan yang dapat memberikan kepuasan kepada masyarakat dibutuhkan tata pemerintahan yang baik dan kolaborasi antara pemerintah dengan pihak lain yaitu pemerintah, swasta/bisnis, masyarakat, media, akademisi (pentahelix). Penelitian ini pada dasarnya  menggunakan Systematic Literature Review dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan memberikan gambaran terkait perkembangan bidang tata pemerintahan yang baik dan kolaborasi pemerintahan  sebagai salah satu bidang kajian ilmu pemerintahan dalam rentang waktu 5  tahun terakhir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka sistematis dengan menggunakan analisis bibliometrik. Analisis bibliometrik dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Publish or Perish dan Vos Viewer dengan menganalisa 790 penelitian yang terbagi menjadi 5 kluster dan 40 topik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan walaupun data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari hasil penelitian sejak tahun 2017  sampai 2022 namun penelitian terkait tata pemerintahan yang baik dan kolaborasi pemerintahan  sangat banyak dilakukan.
LAYANAN PUBLIK DAN GOOD GOVERNANCE : RESEARCH GAP ANALYSIS-BIBLIOMETRIC VOSVIEWER
Authors: Supena Stevy Hanny
Published: December 2022

Layanan publik merupakan tugas utama dari pemerintah, dimana dalam menjalankan pekerjaanya aparat pemerintahan juga di wajibkan untuk melaksanakan Tata Pemerintahan yang baik, dimana akuntabilitas, transparansi, efisiensi pelayanan, dan perangkat hukum yang mumpuni dan keterbukaan di utamakan dalam melaksanakan pekerjaannya. Penelitian ini mencari research gap antara pelayanan public dan Good Governance dengan menggunakan analisis Bibliometik, dengan metode co citation, dengan dalam analisis bibliometik untuk mengetahui sejauh mana gap atau jarak antara Pelayanan masyarakat dengan Good Governance, sehingga hasil dari penelitian ini adalah organisasi yang ada harus kembali melakukan refleksi dalam melakukan pekerjaanya, pelayanan publik harus melakukan innovasi, sementara Good Governance ada beberapa topik seperti efek, penghindaran pajak, profil resiko, nilai perusahaan, modal dan pendapatan.
Towards Secure Implementations Of SDN Based Firewall
Authors:   Hamdard University Karachi, Pakistan, Iqbal Rizwan , Hussain Rashid ,   Hamdard University Karachi, Pakistan, Arif Sheeraz ,   Salim Habib University Karachi, Pakistan, Siddiqui Adnan Ahmed ,   Hamdard University Karachi, Pakistan, Akhtar Shamim ,   Majmaah University Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2022

Software-defined networking (SDN) is an emerging technology as a new paradigm for network architecture. It is a revolutionizing technology that facilitates effective management and programmability in a network. With the surge in popularity of SDN, security measures to protect enterprise networks are getting more critical. In SDN, security methods like firewalls must deal with unpredictable network environments. A firewall is an essential part of network security. It can restrict network data traffic flows according to predefined rules. This research paper analyzes the performance of SDN-based firewalls implemented on different network layers. Mininet simulation tool creates a topology using POX controller and open flow switch. Evaluate data flow by implementing and without a firewall using transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP). To evaluate the performance of the proposed firewall, network parameters like bandwidth, roundtrip time, jitter, and packet loss must be analyzed. The outcome proved that the performance has improved whether either firewall was implemented or not. In the future, by using the Mininet simulation tool with other external controllers like RYU, Floodlight, NOX, etc., analyze the parameters mentioned above and make firewall rules for the application layer.
Comparative Analysis of TCP, TCP-Vegas, and SCTP in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors:   QUEST Nawabshah, Pakistan, Hussain Fahad , Kumar Pardeep ,   QUEST Nawabshah, Pakistan, Memon M Suleman ,   QUEST Nawabshah, Pakistan, Bhatti Mairaj N ,   SBBU-SBA Nawabshah,  Pakistan, K Wanod ,   MIT-AU, Australia
Published: December 2022

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) is a collection of mobiles and smart devices that communicates using wireless links. These types of networks are growing at the lightning speed and are being used at a large scale than ever before because of their high availability and mobility. As the usage of MANET devices increase, the challenges also increase for example the proper delivery of data or information to every mobile node. Traditionally, transmission control protocol (TCP) is used for delivery but it does not fit in all scenarios due to some of its limitations such as network congestion and quick recovery in case of link failure. In this, a comparative analysis of TCP is performed with the stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) and a TCP variant called TCP VEGAS. Several ad hoc scenarios are proposed with varying numbers of mobile nodes, i.e. 11, 21 and 31. The results obtained indicate that SCTP outperforms TCP and VEGAS in throughput. While using SCTP the packet lifetime is also small i.e. 0.19 seconds. The link utilization of SCTP is better than TCP and VEGAS. However, TCP increases its link utilization more than VEGAS for the nodes in MANET of large delay.
Stereoelectroencephalography followed by combined electrode removal and MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy or open resection: a single-center series in pediatric patients with medically refractory epilepsy
Authors: Slingerland Anna L. , Chua Melissa M. J. , Bolton Jeffrey , Staffa Steven J. , Tsuboyama Melissa , Prabhu Sanjay P. , Pearl Phillip L. , Madsen Joseph R. , Stone Scellig S. D.
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) have emerged as safe, effective, and less invasive alternatives to subdural grid placement and open resection, respectively, for the localization and treatment of medically refractory epilepsy (MRE) in children. Reported pediatric experience combining these complementary techniques is limited, with traditional workflows separating electrode removal and ablation/resection. The authors describe the largest reported series of pediatric epilepsy patients who underwent MRgLITT following SEEG contrasted with a cohort that underwent craniotomy following SEEG, combining ablation/resection with electrode explantation as standard practice.

METHODS

The medical records of all patients with MRE who had undergone SEEG followed by MRgLITT or open resection/disconnection at Boston Children’s Hospital between November 2015 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Primary outcome variables included surgical complication rates, length of hospital stay following treatment, and Engel classification at the last follow-up.

RESULTS

Of 74 SEEG patients, 27 (median age 12.1 years, 63% female) underwent MRgLITT and 47 (median age 12.1 years, 49% female) underwent craniotomy. Seventy patients (95%) underwent SEEG followed by combined electrode removal and treatment. Eight MRgLITT cases (30%) and no open cases targeted the insula (p < 0.001). Complication rates did not differ, although trends toward more subdural/epidural hematomas, infarcts, and permanent unanticipated neurological deficits were evident following craniotomy, whereas a trend toward more temporary unanticipated neurological deficits was seen following MRgLITT. The median duration of hospitalization after treatment was 3 and 5 days for MRgLITT and open cases, respectively (p = 0.078). Seizure outcomes were similar between the cohorts, with 74% of MRgLITT and craniotomy patients attaining Engel class I or II outcomes (p = 0.386) at the last follow-up (median 1.1 and 1.9 years, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

MRgLITT and open resection following SEEG can both effectively treat MRE in pediatric patients and generally can be performed in a two-surgery workflow during a single hospitalization. In appropriately selected patients, MRgLITT tended to be associated with shorter hospitalizations and fewer complications following treatment and may be best suited for focal deep-seated targets associated with relatively challenging open surgical approaches.
Head and neck angiography in the pediatric population: single-center experience with indications, safety, feasibility, and technical differences among infants, childhood, and adolescents
Authors: Monteiro Andre , Donnelly Brianna M. , Recker Matthew J. , Khan Asham , Davies Jason M. , Snyder Kenneth V. , Reynolds Renee M. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Levy Elad I.
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

Pediatric patients are candidates for head and neck endovascular procedures less frequently than adults. Data on utilization, feasibility, safety, and technical details of head and neck angiography in the pediatric population are scarce.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of their center’s endovascular database to identify all patients ≤ 18 years of age who underwent diagnostic or interventional catheter-based angiography of the head and neck. Procedure-related variables for identified patients were compared across infancy (birth to 2 years), childhood (> 2–11 years), and adolescence (> 11–18 years).

RESULTS

One hundred twenty-one pediatric patients who underwent 274 angiogram procedures were included in this study. Of these angiograms, 197 were diagnostic and 118 were interventional (including 41 of the diagnostic angiogram procedures that were performed concurrently with the intervention). The most common indications for diagnostic angiograms were suspected vascular malformations in 52 cases (26.4%) and aneurysms in 23 (11.7%). The rate of positive findings on diagnostic angiograms ranged from 27.3% to 80% according to the indication. Access site–related complications were observed after 2 punctures (0.7%). Procedure-related complications occurred in 3 patients (1.1%). In adolescents, the rates of general anesthesia use and sheathless access were significantly lower (each p < 0.001), and the rates of radial artery access (p < 0.001); 5-French (5F) (p = 0.01), 6F (p < 0.001), and 8F (p = 0.03) access; and closure device usage (p < 0.001) were significantly higher. In infants, the rates of ultrasound guidance, 4F access, and failure of the primary puncture site were significantly higher (each p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Head and neck angiograms in the pediatric population were feasible and safe in the authors’ overall experience. Technical differences were observed across the infant, childhood, and adolescent groups, but safe outcomes were similar throughout these age ranges.
Ventriculosinus shunts: their role in selected patients
Authors: Gabay Segev , Zhebrykov Dymtro , Constantini Shlomi , Roth Jonathan
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement is the most common treatment for hydrocephalus. However, most patients will require multiple shunt revisions over time. In cases of peritoneal shunt failure, the pleura and heart are alternative distal sites. Sinus shunts have been described but are not commonly used. The potential vascular complications, as well as inexperience with these shunts, make these tools less attractive. The goal of this study was to share the authors’ experience with ventriculosinus shunts (VSSs) in selected patients.

METHODS

Between December 2018 and February 2022, a total of 7 patients (1 adult, 6 children) underwent 11 surgeries for the placement of a VSS at the authors’ institution. Data regarding complications and shunt function were retrospectively collected and assessed, and a review of the literature was conducted.

RESULTS

The mean (± standard deviation) age at surgery was 11.9 ± 12.8 years (range 1.3–38.2 years). All patients had had previous shunt systems that failed and systemic conditions that made other distal sites less desirable. In all cases, a low-pressure differential valve was installed. Over a mean follow-up of 18 ± 9.8 months (range 9–39 months), 4 of the 7 patients underwent additional shunt revisions, 2 of whom had shunts placed at other sites. One patient had symptomatic partial sinus thrombosis, managed conservatively. During follow-up, 5 patients showed improvement in their symptoms of high intracranial pressure using the VSS. There were no severe complications of air embolism, bleeding, or infection.

CONCLUSIONS

VSSs may have a role to play in selected patients in whom more commonly used distal shunt locations have failed. Significant complications with these shunts are rare. Additional experience is needed to better understand the ideal catheter and placement locations.
Spinal deformity surgery in patients for whom blood transfusion is not an option: a single-center experience
Authors: Schupper Alexander J. , Kaufman Margit , Reidler Jay S. , Arginteanu Marc S. , Moore Frank M. , Steinberger Alfred , Syed Omar N. , Yao Kevin C. , Gologorsky Yakov
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

Spinal deformity surgery is associated with significant blood loss, often requiring the transfusion of blood and/or blood products. For patients declining blood or blood products, even in the face of life-threatening blood loss, spinal deformity surgery has been associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. For these reasons, patients for whom blood transfusion is not an option have historically been denied spinal deformity surgery.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed a prospectively collected data set. All patients declining blood transfusion who underwent spinal deformity surgery at a single institution between January 2002 and September 2021 were identified. Demographics collected included age, sex, diagnosis, details of any prior surgery, and medical comorbidities. Perioperative variables included levels decompressed and instrumented, estimated blood loss, blood conservation techniques used, length of surgery, length of hospital stay, and complications from surgery. Radiographic measurements included, where appropriate, sagittal vertical axis correction, Cobb angle correction, and regional angular correction.

RESULTS

Spinal deformity surgery was performed in 31 patients (18 male, 13 female) over 37 admissions. The median age at surgery was 41.2 years (range 10.9–70.1 years), and 64.5% had significant medical comorbidities. A median of 9 levels (range 5–16 levels) were instrumented per surgery, and the median estimated blood loss was 800 mL (range 200–3000 mL). Posterior column osteotomies were performed in all surgeries, and pedicle subtraction osteotomies in 6 cases. Multiple blood conservation techniques were used in all patients. Preoperative erythropoietin was administered prior to 23 surgeries, intraoperative cell salvage was used in all, acute normovolemic hemodilution was performed in 20, and perioperative administration of antifibrinolytic agents was performed in 28 surgeries. No allogenic blood transfusions were administered. Surgery was staged intentionally in 5 cases, and there was 1 unintended staging due to intraoperative blood loss from a vascular injury. There was 1 readmission for a pulmonary embolus. There were 2 minor postoperative complications. The median length of stay was 6 days (range 3–28 days). Deformity correction and the goals of surgery were achieved in all patients. Two patients underwent revision surgery during the follow-up period: one for pseudarthrosis and the other for proximal junctional kyphosis.

CONCLUSIONS

With proper preoperative planning and judicious use of blood conservation techniques, spinal deformity surgery may be performed safely in patients for whom blood transfusion is not an option. The same techniques can be applied widely to the general population in order to minimize blood loss and the need for allogeneic blood transfusion.
Dysphagia after cervical spine surgery: a review of risk factors and preventative measures
Authors: Alentado Vincent J. , Bisson Erica F. , Potts Eric A.
Published: December 2022

Dysphagia is a regular occurrence after cervical spine surgery, and the development of dysphagia postoperatively is associated with worsened quality of life for patients. Despite the frequency and negative implications of this adverse outcome, there is no clear consensus for defining dysphagia within the spinal literature. Numerous patient-reported outcomes questionnaires are currently used to elucidate the presence and severity of postoperative dysphagia, several of which are not validated instruments. This variability in reporting creates difficulty when trying to determine the prevalence of dysphagia and any potential mitigating factors. In the current review, the authors discuss the causes of postoperative dysphagia after cervical spine surgery, metrics for evaluating postoperative dysphagia, risk factors for the development of this adverse outcome, and strategies for preventing its development. Readers will be able to use this information to improve patient outcomes after cervical spine surgery.
Vortex rigid motion in quasi-geostrophic shallow-water equations
Authors: Roulley Emeric
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we prove the existence of analytic relative equilibria with holes for quasi-geostrophic shallow-water equations. More precisely, using bifurcation techniques, we establish for any m large enough the existence of two branches of m-fold doubly-connected V-states bifurcating from any annulus of arbitrary size.
Construction-Oriented Architectural Design in Off-Site Construction Towards Lean Construction and Management
Authors: Luo Jianing
Published: December 2022

The rapid development of Off-site Construction (OSC) has closely linked it to Lean Construction (LC). The importance of design has been highlighted in LC as the primary means to produce value to clients. However, the adoption of lean thinking is still modest in design. Although most research target the lean design theories and their adoption in LC or OSC, there is limited understanding of terminological and cross-sectoral problems without sufficiently considering the different contexts (incompatibilities) among manufacturing, construction, and architecture, hindering the effective use of lean thinking in the design stage, especially in architectural design. This paper clarifies the OSC architectural design methods and presents how design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) guidelines are considered as design principles to incorporate lean thinking into OSC architectural design to achieve a constructible design towards lean construction goals in OSC projects. This study shows new insights into the cross-sectoral understanding of incorporating lean design from the manufacturing industry to architectural design. An interdisciplinary study pathway is explored focusing on coordinating lean design and Architectural design to achieve lean management.
Diffusion Changes in Hippocampal Cingulum in Early Biologically Defined Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Chen Qianyun ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Abrigo Jill , Deng Min , Shi Lin , Wang Yi-Xiang , Chu Winnie Chiu Wing
Published: December 2022

Background: Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was recently shifted from clinical to biological construct to reflect underlying neuropathological status, where amyloid deposition designated patients to the Alzheimer’s continuum, and additional tau positivity represented AD. Objective: To investigate white matter (WM) alteration in the brain of patients in the Alzheimer’s continuum. Methods: A total of 236 subjects across the clinical and biological spectra of AD were included and stratified by normal/abnormal (–/+) amyloid (A) and tau (T) status based on positron emission tomography results, yielding five groups: A–T–cognitively normal (CN), A+T–CN, A+T+ CN, A+T+ mild cognitive impairment, and A+T+ AD. WM alteration was measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Group differences, correlation of DTI measures with amyloid and tau, and diagnostic performance of such measures were evaluated. Results: Compared with A–T–CN, widespread WM alteration was observed in the Alzheimer’s continuum, including hippocampal cingulum (CGH), cingulum of the cingulate gyrus, and uncinate fasciculus. Diffusion changes measured by regional mean fractional anisotropy (FA) in the bilateral CGH were first detected in the A+T+ CN group and associated with tau burden in the Alzheimer’s continuum (p < 0.001). For discrimination between A+T+ CN and A–T–CN groups, CGH FA achieved accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 74%, 58%, and 78% for right CGH and 57%, 83%, and 47% respectively for left CGH. Conclusion: WM alteration is widespread in the Alzheimer’s continuum. Diffusion alteration in CGH occurred early and was correlated with tau pathology, thus may be a promising biomarker in preclinical AD.
Rationale and Design of the PARTNER Trial: Partnered Rhythmic Rehabilitation for Enhanced Motor-Cognition in Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cao Ke , Bay Allison A. , Hajjar Ihab , Wharton Whitney , Goldstein Felicia , Qiu Deqiang , Prusin Todd , McKay J. Lucas , Perkins Molly M. , Hackney Madeleine E.
Published: December 2022

Background: Functional decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is impacted by impaired ability to integrate and modulate complex cognitive and motor abilities, commonly known as motor-cognitive integration. Impaired motor-cognitive integration occurs in the early stages of AD, prodromal AD (pAD), and may precede other symptoms. Combined motor and cognitive training have been recommended for people with pAD and need to be better researched. Our data suggest that partnered rhythmic rehabilitation (PRR) improves motor-cognitive integration in older adults with cognitive impairment. PRR is an ideal intervention to simultaneously target cardiovascular, social, and motor-cognitive domains important to AD. Objective/Methods: We propose to conduct a 1-year Phase II, single-blind randomized controlled trial using PRR in 66 patients with pAD. Participants will be assigned to three months of biweekly sessions, followed by nine months of weekly sessions of PRR or group walking (WALK) with 1 : 1 allocation. Group walking in the control group will allow us to compare physical exercise alone versus the added benefit of the cognitively engaging elements of PRR. Results/Conclusion: Using an intent-to-treat approach, this innovative pilot study will 1) Determine acceptability, safety, tolerability, and satisfaction with PRR; 2) Compare efficacy of PRR versus WALK for improving motor-cognitive integration and identify the most sensitive endpoint for a Phase III trial from a set of motor-cognitive, volumetric MRI, and cognitive measures. The study will additionally explore potential neural, vascular, and inflammatory mechanisms by which PRR affects pAD to derive effect size of these intermediary measures and aid us in estimating sample size for a future trial.
A Qualitative Examination of Knowledge, Experiences, and Considerations of PET Brain Scan Participation Among Older Black and Latino Adults
Authors: Glover Crystal M. , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Aggarwal Neelum T. , Bennett David A. , Marquez David X. , Barnes Lisa L.
Published: December 2022

Background: Biological biomarkers yielded from positron emission tomography (PET) brain scans serve as a pathway to understanding Alzheimer’s disease pathology. PET brain scan data remain limited for populations traditionally under-included in aging research. Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine participant-identified barriers to PET brain scan consent and characterize participant-informed elements of educational materials needed to facilitate PET brain scan participation among older Black and Latino adults. Methods: Participants (N = 31) were older adults (mean age = 71 years) who self-identified as either non-Latino Black (n = 15) or Latino (n = 16). Each participant took part in a one-time, in-depth individual interview. Researchers analyzed data guided by a Grounded Theory Approach with both Open Coding and Constant Comparative Coding. Results: Four overarching themes emerged across all participants: 1) knowledge limitations; 2) requirements for consent; 3) motivators for participation; and 4) social networks. Within the four themes, there were differences based on participant ethnoracial group. For example, for Theme Three, older Black adults indicated that they would expect compensation for PET brain scan participation. Conversely, older Latinos stated that they would appreciate, but not anticipate, a financial incentive. All participants stressed the importance of written educational materials with subsequent verbal discussions with studystaff. Conclusion: Findings inform the development and implementation of scientifically-relevant and culturally-cognizant engagement approaches, educational materials, and recruitment strategies to increase PET brain scan participation by diverse older adults.
Morphological and Structural Network Analysis of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease Brains Based on the APOE4 Gene
Authors: Dai Wen-Zhuo , Liu Lu , Zhu Meng-Zhuo , Lu Jing , Ni Jian-Ming , Li Rong , Ma Tao , Zhu Xi-Chen
Published: December 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an increasingly common type of dementia. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is a strong risk factor for AD. Objective: Here, we explored alterations in grey matter structure (GMV) and networks in AD, as well as the effects of the APOE ɛ4 allele on neuroimaging regions based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). Methods: All subjects underwent an sMRI scan. GMV and cortical thickness were calculated using voxel-based morphological analysis, and structural networks were constructed based on graph theory analysis to compare differences between AD and normal controls. Results: The volumes of grey matter in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, right limbic lobe, right frontal lobe, left anterior cingulate gyrus, and bilateral olfactory cortex of patients with AD were significantly decreased. The cortical thickness in patients with AD was significantly reduced in the left lateral occipital lobe, inferior parietal lobe, orbitofrontal region, precuneus, superior parietal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, pars opercularis gyrus, insular gyrus, superior marginal gyrus, bilateral fusiform gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus. In terms of local properties, there were significant differences between the AD and control groups in these areas, including the right bank, right temporalis pole, bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right transverse temporal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, and left parahippocampal gyrus. Conclusion: There were significant differences in the morphological and structural covariate networks between AD patients and healthy controls under APOE ɛ4 allele effects.
Equivalent circuit of high frequency inductor to consider eddy currents and resonance
Authors: Liu Qiao , Otomo Yoshitsugu , Gong Yunyi , Igarashi Hajime
Published: December 2022

The resistance and inductance of an inductor working at high frequencies depend on frequency because of eddy currents caused by the skin and proximity effects. In addition, the stray capacitance among winding coils would give significant influence. This paper proposes an equivalent circuit model which can consider the displacement and eddy currents simultaneously in frequency and time domain. In the proposed circuit model, the capacitance and complex inductance are determined by solving electrostatic and magnetostatic equations with finite element method (FEM). It is shown that the input impedance of an air-core coil is consistent with that computed by FEM at low frequencies. Moreover, the former is shown to be consistent with the measured result.
Comparison of random and periodic rough surfaces by ultrasonic attenuation and frequency distribution
Authors: Nakamoto Hiroyuki , Terada Kazuma , Guy Philippe , Uchimoto Tetsuya
Published: December 2022

Flow accelerated corrosion generates not only pipe-wall thinning but also roughness on an inside wall. In some flow conditions, the increase in roughness can increase the mass transfer coefficient by up to 80%. It is then very important to have an evaluation tool to monitor and quantify the roughness of a pipe. This study aims to estimate the roughness by using ultrasonic attenuation. The advantage of using ultrasonic attenuation is that it utilizes the signals measured by existing ultrasonic probes, and does not require significant changes to the equipment. To evaluate the inner rough surface, this study compares ultrasonic attenuations on random and periodic rough surfaces. We used an ultrasonic broadband probe on specimens with random and periodic rough surfaces in experiments. The results indicate a significant difference between the attenuation values estimated on random and periodic roughness. In addition, attenuation of amplitude at specific frequencies also was observed. These specific frequencies implied having the potential to estimate the pitch of periodic flaws on the rough surface.
Proposal of defect inspection method of steel plate by full-wave rectified magnetic field
Authors: Ou Raishin , Gotoh Yuji
Published: December 2022

The large-diameter steel pipes are often used in petrochemical plants. In this large-diameter steel pipe, there are many cases where corrosion in the steel pipe is inspected from the outside of the steel pipe. In particular, there is a demand for a method for detecting defects inside or outside the steel pipe from the outer side of the steel pipe at high speed. Therefore, the electromagnetic inspection method is useful for detecting these defects. In the electromagnetic inspection method, using both static (DC) magnetic field and alternating (AC) magnetic field is proposed for inspecting inner side defects as well as outside defects. On the other hand, the Fourier series expansion of the full-wave rectified wave of the stationary AC magnetic field shows that it is a composite of the DC component and the AC component due to the cosine wave. Therefore, in this research, an inspection method using full-wave rectified AC magnetic field is proposed for inspecting inner side defects as well as surface defects. In this paper, the usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated by electromagnetic field analysis using the “play model” that takes into account minor loop magnetic properties. In addition, a verification experiment is also carried out.
Proposal of detecting for thickness method of hot spring scale inside steel pipes using vibration
Authors: Hagisaka Ami , Niwa Shotaro , Shiota Shinya , Gao Yanhui , Gotoh Yuji
Published: December 2022

At geothermal power plants, there is a problem that hot spring water pipes are blocked by the “hot spring scale”. The hot spring water used for geothermal power generation contains calcium, sulfur, and other substances, and the solid material called the “hot spring scale” adheres to the inside of steel pipes, significantly reducing the efficiency of steam transmission. In addition, there are maintenance costs to remove the “hot spring scale” inside the steel pipes. And it is important to evaluate the thickness of the hot spring scale inside the steel pipe. In this paper, a non-destructive sensor that is evaluated the thickness of the hot spring scale inside the steel tube from the outside of the steel pipe is proposed. The proposed sensor is consisted of a permanent magnet, an alternating excitation coil and an acceleration sensor. The static magnetic field from the permanent, and eddy current inside the steel pipe are generated the vibration in the steel pipe. And the thickness of the hot spring scale is evaluated from this vibration intensity. It is shown that the thickness of hot spring scale from 0 mm to 15 mm can be inspected by this proposed method. In addition, the proposed inspection principle of this inspection method will be clarified by 3-D electromagnetic force analysis and displacement analysis.
An investigation of the hand anthropometric database of agricultural workers and integration of the database into tools and protective gear designs
Authors: Dewangan K.N. , Patel Thaneswer , Vidhu K.P. , Khumukcham B.S. , Lusang I. , Sumpi N. , Yudik L.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The hand anthropometric data is the baseline for design of hand tools and equipment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to generate the hand anthropometric database of male and female agricultural workers and compare it with the hand anthropometric data of other regions of India. The use of collected data is illustrated to design hand tools and protective gear. METHODS: Hand anthropometric data were collected from 228 male and 198 female agricultural workers of northeast India. A total of 35 hand dimensions, stature and body mass from different tribes in the age group of 18–60 years were precisely measured. Measured data were statistically analysed to study the effects of gender, ethnicity, and age on hand dimensions. Correlation coefficients were determined among hand dimensions and linear regression equations were developed between highly correlated dimensions. RESULTS: The results show that all hand dimensions of the male and female subjects are significantly different (p < 0.01). Most of the hand dimensions were significantly different (p < 0.05) among different tribes for the male subjects. However, less number of hand dimensions were significantly different among tribes for the female subjects. Age of the subjects has significant effects (p < 0.01) on dimensions related to thickness, depth and circumference of fingers. The use of these data in the ergonomic design of hand tools and personal protective gear is illustrated to increase safety and comfort as well as efficiency of operators. CONCLUSION: There is a difference in the hand dimensions of different tribes of northeast India. This needs to be considered when designing agricultural hand tools and equipment.
Food insecurity among New York City taxi and for-hire vehicle drivers
Authors: Gany Francesca M. , Meraji Nujbat Nasim , Narang Bharat , Wu Minlun , Leng Jennifer
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: New York City’s (NYC’s) taxi/for-hire vehicle (FHV) drivers have occupational and demographic characteristics associated with food insecurity (low income, comorbidities, minority race/ethnicity). OBJECTIVE: To analyze food insecurity rates in a sample of NYC drivers and to identify associated factors. METHODS: At health fairs, we recruited a cross-sectional sample of licensed taxi/FHV drivers willing to receive study text messages. Most lacked a primary care provider. Food insecurity prevalence and associations with health and economic indicators were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 503 participants who completed a 2-item food security screener, 39.2% were food insecure. Significantly fewer food insecure than food secure drivers reported a doctor visit within the past year (48% vs 25%; P < .001). Food insecure drivers had greater weekly traffic ticket expenditure ($34 vs $24; P = .02) and were more likely to report insufficient household income (61% vs 39%; P < .001) and history of depression (14% vs 7%; P = .02), to have elevated (>200) measured total cholesterol (50% vs 37%; P = .02), and to have Perceived Stress Scale scores indicating greater stress than food secure drivers (14 vs 11; P = .002). In a binary logistic regression analysis, drivers who reported that their total household income was enough to meet their basic needs had significantly lower odds of being food insecure (0.695 odds ratio; P = .016). CONCLUSION: Food insecurity was high in this group of taxi/FHV drivers. Food insecurity interventions are needed and could be occupationally based, with worksite screening and resource navigation. Policies should address improving wages and healthcare access.
Assessing and detecting response bias in self and referenced attitude towards conflict in family cases
Authors: Arce Ramón , Marcos Verónica , Sanmarco Jéssica , Castro Bárbara
Published: December 2022

Background/Objective: Contentious couple breakup is associated to adverse outcomes for couple members and offspring. Parental attitudes towards conflict resolution are a robust predictor of the litigiousness of the breakup. Nonetheless, response bias should be strongly suspected in parental attitude reported in this setting. Thus, a field study with the aim of knowing the prevalence and magnitude of the response bias and of ascertaining empirically valid criteria to classify the suspect of response bias was designed. Method: A total of 2,797 adults, 50.9 % men, with underage children aged from 21 to 68 years (M = 40.41), 2,488 married (without previous breakups), 204 involved in a mutual agreement separation and 105 in a contentious separation, answered to a measure of self-reported and referenced attitude towards conflict resolution. Results: The results exhibited that parents of the contentious and mutual agreement separation groups biased their answers. Likewise, the results provided empirical criteria for response bias classification. Epidemiologically, the observed probability of response bias was of .629[.537, .721] in the group of parents of contentious separation and of .377[.310, .444] in the group of parents of mutual agreement separation. Conclusions: The implications of the results for the design and implementation of mediation and intervention programs are discussed.
Impacto del confinamiento en pandemia COVID-19 en la conducta de niños, niñas y adolescentes con trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Coelho-Medeiros María Elisa , Gálvez Alejandra P. , Núñez Farías Alicia Carolina , Le Roy Catalina , Riquelme Arnoldo , López-Espejo Mauricio
Published: December 2022

La COVID-19 y el confinamiento han afectado el acceso al sistema de salud impactando la salud mental, en particular familias de niños con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Objetivo: Explorar las percepciones de padres de niños con TEA respecto a beneficios, cambios positivos y dificultades en manejo conductual en el hogar durante el primer confinamiento por COVID-19 en Chile. Sujetos y Método: Estudio cualitativo transversal exploratorio incluyendo 118 padres de pacientes con TEA entre 2 y 15 años. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea, confeccionado por un comité de expertos nacionales utilizando metodología Delphi, conteniendo cuatro preguntas abiertas relativas a la conducta infantil (dificultades, mejorías, beneficios y apoyo profesional requerido) durante la pandemia. Resultados: Los padres perciben que el confinamiento aumenta el estrés emocional de adultos y niños, lo cual podría exacerbar problemas conductuales. Los entrevistados perciben mejorías en los ámbitos social-afectivo, autonomía individual y habilidades comunicativas de su hijo(a). Existe una valoración de la familia y aspectos resilientes, como el tiempo compartido, que surgen en la pandemia para apoyar las necesidades de los niños. Se reporta la necesidad de apoyo profesional en el manejo conductual y emocional durante el confinamiento. Conclusión: La integración de la familia a las terapias durante el confinamiento es valorada por los cuidadores, es importante proyectar el tiempo en familia como factor a considerar en el plan terapéutico. Es necesario complementar los resultados con estudios adicionales explorando distintas realidades de familias con niños con TEA en Chile y el impacto del confinamiento a largo plazo.
Risk factors and outcomes of stroke in a tertiary hospital in Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen
Authors: Basamed Jamal M
Published: December 2022

Background: Although stroke is a major problem in Hadhramout Governorate, there is a scarcity of reliable information on risk factors of stroke and predictors of in-hospital mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors and outcomes of stroke patients admitted to Ibn Sina Hospital, Hadhramout, Yemen, and to identify the predictors of in-hospital mortality. Methods and Materials: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Ibn Sina Hospital in Mukalla district, Hadhramout Governorate, over a 4-month period (from January 1, 2021, to April 30, 2021). Results: During the study period, we recruited 100 cases of stroke, of whom 77 (77%) were male and 23 (23%) were female. Their mean age was 65.42±12.78 years. Hypertension was the most common risk factor, occurring in 81 (81%) patients, while no risk factors were identified in 5 (5%) cases (Cryptogenic). Ischemic stroke was found in 70 (70%) cases, and hemorrhagic stroke was noticed in 30 (30%) patients. The in-hospital mortality was 29 (29%), and the univariate analysis found male sex, hypertension, and hemorrhagic stroke as probable predictors of in-hospital mortality. Only hemorrhagic stroke (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.053 and 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.822–1.599; p<0 xss=removed CI=0.555–1.495; p=0.011)> Conclusion: Stroke is a major problem in Hadhramaut Governorate with ischemic stroke being more than hemorrhagic. Men were more likely to have a stroke than women and majority of cases were elderly. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia were the most commonly identified risk factors that were significantly associated with stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke and presence of hypertension were found to be risk factors for in-hospital mortality; therefore, hypertension should be well-controlled to reduce in-hospital mortality. Keywords: Hadhramout Governorate, Hemorrhagic stroke, In-hospital mortality, Ischemic stroke, Risk factors.