bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION IN RICE FARMING IN SHIVASATAKSHI MUNICIPALITY OF JHAPA DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Khatiwada Dikshya , Dutta Jaya Prakash , Shrestha Kalyani , Adhikari Gaurav , Paudel Hikmat
Published: November 2021

A study was conducted in Shivasatakshi municipality of Jhapa district to assess the economic impact of agricultural mechanization in rice farming in 2020. Altogether, 40 rice farmers were selected randomly and surveyed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Based on the use of machinery, farmers were categorized into mechanized and non-mechanized farmers. Cost and revenue were calculated among both categories. T-test was used to compare the mean cost and revenue between mechanized and non-mechanized rice farmers. The average cost of production of rice was NRs.87,215.50/ha. The cost of human labor was found higher in both categories (more than 40%). The average total cost of production was lower in mechanized farms (NRs.67,191.74/ha) as compared to non-mechanized farms (NRs. 1, 07,239.27/ha). The contribution of rice grain and straw to the overall revenue was 98.53% and 1.46% respectively. The average revenue from production was calculated to be NRs.1, 21,879.25/ha. The average gross revenue was greater in mechanized farms (NRs.1,26,042.90/ha) than non-mechanized farms (NRs. 1, 22,067.00/ha). The benefit-cost ratio was observed higher in the mechanized rice farms (1.898) than non-mechanized farms (1.143). The findings of the study showed that mechanized rice farming reduced the cost of production by lowering down human labor cost and increased the profitability of the enterprise. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt machinery for rice cultivation in Shivasatakshi municipality, Jhapa.
FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE LEVEL AND READINESS IN ADOPTION OF DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS SP.) IN CHITWAN DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Dhakal Aayush Raj , Mahatara Bishal , Parajuli Sovit , Budhathoki Srijan , Paudel Sandip , Regmi Sudip
Published: November 2021

Dragon fruit is a new commodity in case of Nepal and any new commodity itself comes with a lot of challenges as well as opportunities. Before rapid commercialization of any commodity, the perception of the farmers regarding the commodity and the knowledge level of the farmers regarding the commodity must be known. Only after identifying the perception of the farmers and underlying problems of the adoption, strategies can be adopted accordingly to solve the problems and uplift the crop. Knowledge level of the farmers regarding Dragon fruit and their readiness in adoption was studied along with it hinderance factors for the adoption of the crop was also identified. Farmers under the pocket area of Dragon fruit formed by the PMAMP, Nepal were taken into the study who hadn’t adopted the crop till date. Knowledge index was used to calculate the knowledge level of the farmers regarding the crop and 5-point Likert scale was used for analyzing the readiness level of the farmers towards the adoption of the crop. Majority of the farmers were found to have very poor knowledge level i.e., 66.67% of the farmers whereas 28.34% had fair knowledge level and only 5% had good knowledge level regarding various aspects of the crop. Correlating with the knowledge index was the readiness level with only 31.67% of the farmers being above the threshold readiness level. Finally, while opting out the hinderance factors of the adoption of the crop, lack of promising market, high cost of cultivation, lack of proper knowledge and training were found to be major problems ranked as first, second and third respectively. This study points out the huge requirement of improvement in the sector of market security, insurance policies, credit interventions, government subsidies, training programs and involvement of extension workers.
Evolution of Australasian Plantago (Plantaginaceae)
Authors:   , Tay Mei Lin
Published: November 2021

Phylogenetic analyses using molecular data were used to investigate biogeographic and evolutionary patterns of Australasian Plantago. The Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) from nuclear DNA, ndhF-rpl32 from chloroplast DNA and cox1 from mitochondrial DNA were selected from a primer assay of 24 primer pairs for further phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic reconstruction and molecular dating of a dataset concatenated from these regions comprising 20 Australasian Plantago species rejected a hypothesis of Gondwanan vicariance for the Australasian group. The phylogeny revealed three independent dispersal events from Australia to New Zealand that match expected direction because of West Wind Drift and ocean currents. Following this study, a dataset with 150 new ITS sequences from Australasian Plantago, combined with 89 Plantago sequences from previous studies, revealed that the New Zealand species appear to have a recent origin from Australia, not long after the formation of suitable habitats formed by the uplift of the Southern Alps (about 5 mya), followed by radiation. The ITS phylogeny also suggests that a single migration event of alpine species to lowland habitats has occurred and that recurrent polyploidy appears to be an important speciation mechanism in the genus. Species boundaries between New Zealand Plantago were unclear using both morphological and molecular data, which was a result of low genetic divergences and plastic morphology. The taxonomy of several New Zealand Plantago species need revision based on the ITS phylogeny.
Conjugations of Carbaryl in Insects
Authors:   , Heenan Michael Perry
Published: November 2021

The conjugation of carbaryl and its initial breakdown products in insects has been examined. Houseflies, blowflies and grass grubs were dosed with [3 H] carbaryl and the water-soluble metabolites examined by a combination of paper chromatographic and ionophoretic techniques. These revealed the presence of 1-naphthyl dihydrogen phosphate, 1-naphtyl hydrogen sulphate and 1-naphthyl Beta-D-glucoside in the extracts, as well as at least seven other unidentified substances, probably including the phosphate, sulphate and glucoside conjugates of oxidation products of carbaryl. The conjugation of 1-naphthol, one of the primary metabolites of carbaryl, was examined in greater detail in flies and grass grubs. Isotope dilution and paper chromatographic analyses of extracts of insects dosed with [14 C]1-naphthol revealed the presence of the phosphomonoester, sulphate, and glucoside conjugate of 1-naphthol, but phosphodiester and glucosiduronic acid conjugates could not be detected. A new metabolite of 1-naphthol was present in extracts of dosed flies. This new metabolite, and also the corresponding p-nitrophenol metabolite, was isolated form extracts of flies fed with the parent phenols and characterised as a new conjugate, the Beta-D-glucoside 6-(dihydrogen phosphate). Some of the properties of this new conjugate were determined. 1-Naphthyl Beta-D-glucoside 6-phosphate probably accounted for one of the unidentified carbaryl conjugates.
An Investigation of Some Reactions of N-Chlorocompounds
Authors:   , Millar Keith Raymond
Published: November 2021

A vast volume of literature exists on this subject, the major portion being concerned with nucleophilic aliphatic substitution reactions covered by the general equation:- Y + Alk - X --> Alk - Y + X (SN) where the new bond is formed by co-ordination, and the old one broken by heterolysis, as indicated by the dotted line. There is necessarily and electron transfer from the substituting species Y to the centre of substitution in Alk, and from this centre to the expelled group X; hence Y becomes formally one electronic unit more positive and X one unit more negative.
Frequency Dispersion of Impedance in a Molten Electrolyte
Authors:   , Clarkson Thomas Stephen
Published: November 2021

It is an experimental fact that the impedance of an electrolyte as usually measured (by conductance bridge in a two electrode cell) is dependent on the frequency of the applied voltage. A quantity of fundamental physical significance in the elucidation of the structure of an electrolyte is the mobility of the conducting species. In order to know the mobilities of conducting species it is necessary to know the resistance of the particular electrolyte. However in order to establish the nature of the electrolyte i.e. its structure, resistance measurements are required which are precise and accurate and the variation of resistance (conductance) with temperature must be accurately know.
Studies of Some Strained-Ring Systems: Tricyclo-Octanes
Authors:   , Banwell Martin Gerhardt
Published: November 2021

The present study has been directed towards the synthesis and base promoted rearrangements of some saturated and unsaturated halogenotricyclo-octanes. The preparation of a number of previously unknown 4,4,8- and 4,4,8,8-tetra-halogeno-anti-tricyclo[5,1,0,03,5]- octanes and the corresponding 3,3,8-tri- and 3,3,8,8-tetra-halogeno-anti-tricyclo[5,1,0,02,4] octanes has been accomplished and the stereo-chemistries of their ring systems established. The former tricyclo-octanes are base sensitive and on treatment with potassium t-butoxide give rise to mixtures of (E) - and (Z) -Beta-t-butoxystyrenes. However, the anti-tricyclo[5,1,0,02,4] octanes give no characterisable products on treatment with base. The mechanistic implications of the tricycle-octane - styrene conversion have been studied in some detail and halogenocyclo-octatetraenes and phenylacetylenes have been eliminated as intermediates. The behaviour of several methoxy-substituted 4,4,8,8-tetrahalogeno-anti-tricyclo[5,1,0,03,5] octanes with the same base has been studied, and it has been found that homotropilidenes are formed regiospecifically by 1,4-elimination. These conversions constitute the first known examples of such elimination experienced by ring-fused halogenocyclopropanes. From these studies, evidence is presented which implicates homotropilidenes and bicyclo[4,2,0]octa-2,4-dienes as intermediates in the production of styrenes, and a mechanism for the tricyclo-octane - styrene rearrangement has been proposed. A new and potentially versatile synthesis of 3,3-dihalogeno-anti tricyclo[5,1,0,02,4] oct-5-enes (anti-bishomobenzenes) has been developed. The new route employs readily available starting materials, involves sequential introduction of the cyclopropyl, gem-dihalogenocyclopropyl, and olefinic moieties and proceeds in an overall yield of about 14%. This represents a five-fold increase over the previously reported yields.
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING DIPADUKAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN HOTS TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK BERDASARKAN STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Mari’a Hani’am , Ismono Ismono
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi model pembelajaran problem solving terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik jika dipadukan dengan keterampilan HOTS berdasarkan studi literatur. Studi terdahulu mengungkapkan bahwa keterampilan HOTS peserta didik tergolong rendah. Guru berperan penting memberikan inovasi baru disetiap kegiatan pembelajaran salah satunya yaitu dengan memilih model pembelajaran yang tepat, karena model pembelajaran yang diterapkan guru akan berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Hasil belajar merupakan faktor penting dalam proses pembelajaran karena menjadi salah satu tolak ukur keberhasilan pendidikan. Model pembelajaran yang cocok dengan keterampilan HOTS salah satunya yakni model pembelajaran problem solving. Penelitian ini dikaji melalui metode meta analisis dengan mengumpulkan beberapa data dari studi literatur penelitian yang setema. Hasil analisis studi literatur menyatakan bahwa model pembelajaran problem solving berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dalam meningkatkan keterampilan HOTS dibuktikan dengan nilai posttest yang diperoleh peserta didik dengan rata-rata peningkatan nilai posttest peserta didik sebesar 22,87%. Berdasarkan data yang telah dipaparkan pada pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi model pembelajaran problem solving jika dipadukan dengan keterampilan HOTS dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik serta dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik.

Kata kunci: Problem Solving, Keterampilan HOTS, Hasil Belajar, Studi Literatur
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODULE INTERAKTIF SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR PADA MATERI SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR
Authors: Rahmatsyah Syahrul Wahyu , Dwiningsih Kusumawati
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran berbentuk e-module interaktif dengan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Dessiminate) yang dimodifikasi menjadi 3D. Data diperoleh berdasarkan hasil wawancara guru kimia dan pemberian angket terhadap peserta didik. Hasil validasi perangkat ini mendapat skor 90% untuk kriteria isi, 93% untuk kriteria penyajian, 84% untuk kriteria kebahasaan, dan 100% untuk kriteria kegrafikan. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian, e-module yang dikembangkang dikatakan layak apabila semua aspek kriteria mendapatkan skor ≥ 61%. Sehingga e-module interaktif sebagai sumber belajar pada materi sistem periodik unsur dapat dijadikan solusi dari permasalahan kegiatan pembelajaran daring.
Relasi Politik di Kabupaten Maros (Studi Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak Tahun 2020 Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan)
Authors: Sumandiyar Adi , Yahya Muhammad , Kamaruddin Umar , Nur Hasruddin , Arda Arda
Published: November 2021

This study aims to obtain in-depth interview about Political Relations in Maros Regency in the Study of Simultaneous Regional Head Elections in 2020 South Sulawesi Province. The researcher collected discourse data through electronic media, and the researcher acted as a research instrument on the political relations between the rulers and the community in the 2020 Regional Head Election contestation in Maros Regency. Sources of data are through documentation and informants, while data collection techniques are carried out through in-depth interviews which are located in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research informants were 2 people, selected by purposive random sampling. The results showed that it developed in two dimensions, namely; subjective dimension and objective dimension. The subjective dimension is obtained through; (1) network of government actors and bureaucracy; (2) retainer network; and (3) community empowerment group networks can mobilize community support, while the subjective dimension is through creating client patrons.
On New Subclass of Harmonic Univalent Functions Associated with Modified q-Operator
Authors: Shah Shujaat Ali , Maitlo Asghar Ali , Soomro Muhammad Afzal , Noor Khalida Inayat
Published: November 2021

In this article, we introduce new subclasses of harmonic univalent functions associated with the q-difference operator. The modified q-Srivastava-Attiya operator is defined and certain applications of this operator are discussed. We investigate the sufficient condition, distortion result, extreme points and invariance of convex combination of the elements of the subclasses.
Educação em tempos de pandemia:
Authors: Ramos Puccinelli Vinícius , Baecker Astrid , Vendramini Célia Regina , Titton Mauro
Published: November 2021

Este texto traz reflexões de uma experiência vivida por quatro docentes em uma disciplina compartilhada no Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), durante o primeiro semestre excepcional no qual a Instituição optou por dar continuidade às atividades de ensino por meio do “ensino remoto emergencial” durante a pandemia do SARS-Cov-2, entendida no contexto de uma crise sanitária e da crise estrutural do capital. Refletimos a experiência do “ensino remoto” em diálogo com as referências bibliográficas que balizaram a própria disciplina ministrada e com os trabalhos realizados pelos discentes, o que permitiu identificar alguns efeitos dessa forma de “ensino” para a formação profissional e humana e como respondem a interesses de classes sociais distintas.
Implementation of Tuna Traceability in Ocean Fishing Port of Nizam Zachman Jakarta
Authors: Pratiwi Tia Dini , Wiryawan Budy , Nurani Tri Wiji
Published: November 2021

Nizam Zachman Fishing Port (PPS Nizam Zachman) is one of fishing ports in Indonesia that implemented traceability and has export-destination to the United States and the European Union. However, previous study showed that documents recording and fish handling activities in the fishing port were poorly managed. Objectives of this study were to identify structure of supply chain, formulate obstacle factors of traceability, and recommend implementation actions of traceability. Data were collected through observation and interviews with longline tuna fishermen and tuna processing entrepreneurs. Subsequently, data were analyzed by applying descriptive and GAP analysis. The results showed that supply chain of tuna fisheries at PPS Nizam Zachman was started from fishermen, fish landing center, and ended at tuna processing industries. Regarding traceability implementation, 83% of activities at the Nizam Zachman fishing port met the standard. However, improvement was still required for documentation process at fishermen and processing phase, in addition to tuna handling procedures. Factors that impede traceability include e-logbooks filling, tuna handling at unloading process; 1) No regular checking on temperature at every 2 hours; 2) slow loading and unloading speed; 3) Fish are exposed to the floor during transportation process, no refrigerated vehicles were used during transportation process, and no electronics documentation. Some actions to overcome traceability implementation problems are: 1) evaluating and monitoring the fishermen activities; 2) doing periodic quality control in the field; 3) managing collaborations between the government and NGOs and tuna fisheries industry associations.Keywords: GAP analysis, supply chain, traceability, tuna export, tuna handling
Analysis of The Potential Banana Prawn (Penaeus merguiensis) in The Northern Waters of Rembang Regency
Authors: Umam Muhamad Fathikul , Suherman Agus , Prihantoko Kukuh Eko
Published: November 2021

This study aims to describe the characteristics of mini bottom trawl fishing gear and fishing season, as well as to estimate the stock density and sustainable potential of banana prawn (Penaeus merguiensis), in Rembang Regency. This study was conducted from September to October 2020, in the Northern Waters of Rembang Regency, with an area of ​​1409.7 km², using both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected directly from observations, measurements, and interviews with fishermen, while secondary data, including data on the number and types of fishing gear, as well as production and production values, was obtained through a literature review. The results of the study found that banana prawn in the northern waters of Rembang Regency was caught using two types of fishing gear, and these are sotok/mini bottom trawls and trammel nets. The total length of mini bottom trawl in this study are 15.77 m, 16.5 m, 20.44 m, and 25.2 m. The fishing season for banana prawn is from June to September The average stock density value is 16.22 kg/km² (range 4.37 to 41.14 kg/km²), the Cmsy value is 2.625 kg, the Emsy value is 4.172 trips and the average utilization rate is 44% (range 23 to 82%).

Keywords: Rembang, banana prawn, stock density, and MSY.
On the Issue of Evaluating the Cost of Objects of Computer Forensics
Authors: Khatuntsev Nikolai А.
Published: November 2021

The rapid development of computer technologies poses new challenges to experts and requires solving new tasks. The article addresses the issue of determining the cost of objects when conducting forensic computer examinations. The author considers some approaches to determining the market value of the most popular objects (computer tools, an organization’s website) at a specific time, particularly at the time of the crime. The author justifies the notion that the resolution of such issues should be a part of a forensic expert’s specialized knowledge of information and computer technologies since this contributes to solving the tasks of this kind of examination and fulfilling the principles of forensic expertise.
CHOCOBAKERY AS INNOVATIVE FOOD PRODUCTS PORTFOLIO RESPONDING TO CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS
Authors:   Wrocław University of Economics, Department of Labour and Capital, Poland, Podsiadły Krzysztof
Published: November 2021

In the times of short product life cycle on the confectionery and snacks market a quick reaction of producers to the changing needs and expectations of consumers remains essential. Such a strategy can support manufacturers in winning a strong and stable market position. The Author’s attention was attracted by a new category of confectionery, being the response to consumers’ demand – i.e. chocobakery. The purpose of the article was to present its characteristics and to examine the extent of its adjustment to consumer expectations. The subject literature and the data obtained from key confectionery manufacturers in Poland were used in the article. Product innovations were defined in the first part of the article. Next Polish confectionery and savoury snacks market, consumer behaviour and trends on the chocolate market were presented. Then the category of chocobakery was characterised. Finally, the new category of confectionery was assessed and further research directions were indicated, allowing for its better adjustment to consumer expectations.
A Revaluation of Computational Thinking in K–12 Education: Moving Toward Computational Literacies
Authors: Kafai Yasmin B. , Proctor Chris
Published: November 2021

Over the past decade, initiatives around the world have introduced computing into K–12 education under the umbrella of computational thinking. While initial implementations focused on skills and knowledge for college and career readiness, more recent framings include situated computational thinking (identity, participation, creative expression) and critical computational thinking (political and ethical impacts of computing, justice). This expansion reflects a revaluation of what it means for learners to be computationally-literate in the 21st century. We review the current landscape of K–12 computing education, discuss interactions between different framings of computational thinking, and consider how an encompassing framework of computational literacies clarifies the importance of computing for broader K–12 educational priorities as well as key unresolved issues.
Uplata novčanog uloga za preuzete poslovne udjele i pravne posljedice neuplate u društvu s neograničenom odgovornošću
Authors: Jurić Dionis
Published: November 2021

Izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o trgovačkim društvima iz 2019. godine olakšana je uplata novčanih uloga za preuzete poslovne udjele u društvima s ograničenom odgovornošću. Prije upisa osnivanja društva u sudski registar svaki član društva mora uplatiti najmanje četvrtinu novčanog uloga za preuzeti poslovni udio, a ukupni iznos svih novčanih uplata ne može biti manji od jedne četvrtine temeljnog kapitala društva. Istodobno je određen i krajnji rok za uplatu ostatka novčanih uloga te je uvedena osobna i solidarna odgovornost članova koji nisu u cijelosti uplatili uloge za obveze društva do visine iznosa neuplaćenih uloga za sve poslovne udjele u društvu. Time se ograničava sloboda članova odrediti dospijeće obveze uplate novčanih uloga te se potire načelo neodgovornosti članova za obveze društva. Interesi se vjerovnika primjereno štite odredbama o unosu i očuvanju temeljnog kapitala društva, a posebno se štite ako bi smanjenjem imovine društva bilo ugroženo namirenje njihovih tražbina. U radu se obrađuju pravne posljedice nepravodobne uplate uloga i mjere koje društvo može poduzeti prema članu. Tim se mjerama osigurava uplata novčanih uloga za preuzete poslovne udjele. Vjerovnici mogu izravno namiriti svoje tražbine prema članovima društva samo u slučaju proboja pravne osobnosti, a posebice ako postoji materijalna potkapitalizacija društva.
Kockanje i kazneno-pravna zaštita mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Orlić Suad , Karović Sadmir
Published: November 2021

Kockanje kao društvena devijacija postaje sve aktuelniji problem u današnjem svijetu konzumerizma i poremećenih društvenih vrijednosti. Kao društvena devijacija svojom masovnošču prijeti da preraste u vodeću ovisnost koja bi vodila u razne oblike kažnjivog ponašanja. Takva prijetnja posebno je izražena za mladi naraštaj koji lako može postati ovisan o ovoj devijaciji i usljed toga biti izložen raznim oblicima prestupničkog ponašanja. U ovom radu, autori su elaborirali kazneno-pravnu zaštitu mladih od kockanja sa cjelovitom interpretacijom svih njenih oblika, te ukazali na određene nedostatke u legislativnim aspektima te zaštite i neujednačenost zakonske regulative koja se odnosi na ovaj oblik asocijalnog ponašanja mladih, kao i probleme u efikasnosti provođenja zakonskih odredbi koje tretiraju zaštitu mladih od kockanja u Bosni i Hercegovini, uz prezentovanje odgovarajućih prijedloga de lege ferenda usmjerenih na poboljšanje kazneno-pravne zaštite mladih u svim njenim oblicima i modalitetima.
Ad26 CoV2 S vaccine safety and effectivity oddly assessed in trial
Authors: Azakarian Paz
Published: November 2021

Janssen’s SARS-CoV-2 vaccine “Ad26.CoV2.S” reported 66.9% efficacy in the trial [1]. The safety and efficacy report contains certain statistics that do not hold any value without further elaboration. The protocols set to define COVID severities do not capture enough data to validify efficacy of preventive-type medicine. Self reported side effects also suggest the safety profile needs reevaluation.
Preprint - Adolescents’ multi-layered media processing: A panel study on positive and negative perceptions towards ideals and adolescents’ appearance anxiety
Authors: Trekels Jolien , Eggermont Steven
Published: November 2021

An active audience perspective on media effects suggests that viewers are not merely exposed but rather reactive to multiple – and possibly opposing – messages. Studies taking account of idealized and counter-idealized messages simultaneously are, however, lacking. Considering that diverse messages are abundantly present in appearance media, the current study aims to introduce an agentic perspective by focusing on the media-body image association. Results of a three-wave longitudinal survey among 971 early adolescents (Mage = 11.14; SD = 1.13) show that media-focused peer interactions (W1), but not media exposure (W1), were associated with perceived benefits as well as costs for investing in appearance (W2). Polynomial regression analyses pointed out that the association between benefits and costs (i.e., interaction; W2) was curvilinearily related to body image investment (W3). The findings emphasize the variable vulnerability of adolescents to the media effect and the importance of acknowledging multi-layered media messages.
Transkripsi Lagu Guntur Galunggung Karya Mang Koko
Authors: Saiful Abizar Algifari
Published: November 2021

Berikut merupakan hasil trasnskrip lagu Guntur Galunggung karya Mang Koko yang saya lakukan. Sumber yang saya gunakan adalah tulisan tangan asli Mang Koko yang didapat dari salah satu anak perempuannya Ida Rosida.
The Roles of Social-Emotional Skills in Students’ Academic and Life Success: A Multi-Informant, Multi-Cohort Perspective
Authors: Guo Jiesi , Tang Xin , Marsh Herb , Parker Philip David , Basarkod Geetanjali , Sahdra Baljinder K. , Ranta Mette , Salmela-Aro Katariina
Published: November 2021

Although social-emotional skills are more malleable than cognitive skills and have potential benefits for a range of academic and life outcomes, previous studies on the topic have suffered from many issues (e.g., consideration of only a small subset of skills, single-informant and single-cohort design). To address these limitations, this study used a multi-informant (self, teacher, and parent) and multi-cohort (ages 10 and 15 from Finland, N = 5,533) perspective to study the association between 15 social-emotional skills and 20 educational (e.g., school grades), social (e.g., relationships with teachers), psychological health (e.g., life satisfaction), and physical health outcomes (e.g., sleep trouble). Results showed that (a) there was a modest level of inter-rater agreement on social-emotional skills, with the highest agreement between students and parents (mean r = .41); (b) inclusion of multi-informant ratings substantially enhanced the ability of social-emotional skills in predicting outcome variables, with parent- and self-rated skills playing important, unique roles; (c) by modeling skills at the facet-level rather than at the domain-level, we identified the key skills for different outcomes and found significant variation in facets’ predictive utility even within the same domain; (d) although the old cohort showed lower levels of most social-emotional skills (9/15), there were only minor changes in the inter-rater agreement and predictive utility on outcomes. Overall, Self-Control, Trust, Optimism, and Energy were found among the four most important skills for academic and life success. We further identified unique contribution of each skill for certain outcomes, pointing the way to effective and precise interventions.
Ivan Ureman — posrednik između kineske i europske znanstvene tradicije
Authors: Borić Marijana
Published: November 2021

U radu je prikazano djelovanje Ivana Uremana (1583.–1621.), hrvatskoga isusovca, misionara, matematičara i astronoma. Uremanov rad razmatran je iz dva aspekta. Prvi je sagledavanje Uremanova rada u sklopu razvoja znanosti njegova doba. Svojim radom na području matematike, kao i u astronomiji, Ureman se pridružuje onim učenjacima s početka novovjekovlja koji su matematičkim pristupom tražili nova znanja i uvide u spoznaju zbilje. U radu su Uremanovi znanstveni interesi i doprinosi prikazani u širem kontekstu znanstvenih prilika na prijelazu iz 16. u 17. stoljeće. Kao misionar djelovao je u razdoblju glasovitih isusovačkih misija na Dalekom istoku, pa je njegov rad također razmatran iz vidika prijenosa znanja i djelovanja prvih posrednika između kineske i europske kulturno–znanstvene tradicije.
Priznanje Republike Hrvatske od Svete Stolice u hrvatskoj memoaristici
Authors: Lončarević Hrvoje
Published: November 2021

Ovaj rad prikazuje kako je priznanje Republike Hrvatske od strane Svete Stolice i uspostava diplomatskih odnosa predstavljeno u hrvatskoj knjižnoj memoaristici. Uvodno su izneseni opći podatci o odnosu između Hrvata i Svete Stolice, o diplomaciji Svete Stolice, a u središnjem dijelu rada povijesni kontekst međunarodnoga priznanja, s posebnim osvrtom na svjedočanstva posljednjega veleposlanika Jugoslavije pri Svetoj Stolici Ivice Maštruka i prvoga veleposlanika Republike Hrvatske Ive Livljanića. Autor zaključuje da je Sveta Stolica u okolnostima raspleta jugoslavenske krize iskazala veliko umijeće diplomatskoga usmjeravanja i vođenja političkih postupaka te dala ključan doprinos međunarodnomu priznanju Republike Hrvatske.
It is Re-Written: Lessons from Chester Brown’sMary Wepton Biblical Traditions and Biblical Scholarship in the Wild
Authors: Ricker Aaron
Published: November 2021

Chester Brown’s critically acclaimed 2016 graphic novel, Mary Wept Over the Feet of Jesus: Prostitution and Religious Obedience in the Bible, raises important questions about the right—and the right way—to interpret religious traditions outside sanctuary doors, and Religious Studies outside the Ivory Tower. With the help of generous notes and appendices, which take up a full third of the book, Mary Wept reworks Bible stories and biblical studies for a general audience to create a conspiracy-theory-based Christian apology for sex work. This article provides an introduction to Brown’s book and its relevant book-and-Bible-related contexts, and argues that Mary Wept represents neither Bible adaptation nor popularized biblical scholarship per se. Brown’s book is instead, I argue, best understood as a new species of “rewritten Bible” claiming the authority of scholarship as surrogate religious authority. It is therefore a pop culture weather vane of great interest to Religious Studies scholars, not least as a reminder of our public image and our professional responsibilities.
A comprehensive review of contemporary issues of electronic human resource management (E-HRM)
Authors: Ziaul Hoq Mohammad
Published: November 2021

Information technology (IT) became a vital part of our modern-day activities. In contemporary years, the usage of IT in expediting the human resource management (HRM) activities augmented considerably. E-HRM has the ability to develop managerial competency and influence the role of human resources (HR) as a strategic business partner. E-HRM is essential for firms because of its encouraging effect on staff productivity. Speedy technical modifications revolved E-HRM into a substantial theoretical and professional agenda. This study delivers an exploration into the contemporary level of improvements of the theoretical knowledge connected to E-HRM. Numerous features of E-HRM, specifically descriptions of E-HRM, the academic perceptions around E-HRM, the role of E-HRM, the numerous categories of E-HRM, the requirements for effective E-HRM etc. are scrutinized. It will contribute into HRM literature and regulate the effectiveness of E-HRM and its practices. This research would support the scholars and the practitioners to have the comprehensive portrait of the modern matters linked to E-HRM. The articles concluded by delivering some suggestions for future studies.
Toward a Critical and Comparative Anthropology of Disability
Authors: Reno Joshua , Hart Kaitlyn , Mendelson Amy , Molzon Felicia
Published: November 2021

This article places anthropology in dialogue with critical disability studies (CDS) in order to reassess historical and emerging ethnographic readings of difference. We argue that one unintended consequence of a lack of attention to disability in anthropology, generally, has been an impoverished conception of personhood and power. Building on insights from CDS and the ethnographic literature, we show how non-normative bodies and minds can play a critical role in relationships with non-human others and exemplary persons. Looking beyond hegemonic and secular ideas of disability as a form of misfortune or lack not only offers alternatives for being with disability, in keeping with the aims of CDS, but also shows new directions for comparative discussions of power and difference.
Predicting pituitary adenoma consistency with preoperative magnetic resonance elastography
Authors: Cohen-Cohen Salomon , Helal Ahmed , Yin Ziying , Ball Matthew K. , Ehman Richard L. , Van Gompel Jamie J. , Huston John
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Pituitary adenoma is one of the most common primary intracranial neoplasms. Most of these tumors are soft, but up to 17% may have a firmer consistency. Therefore, knowing the tumor consistency in the preoperative setting could be helpful. Multiple imaging methods have been proposed to predict tumor consistency, but the results are controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of MR elastography (MRE) in predicting tumor consistency and its potential use in a series of patients with pituitary adenomas.

METHODS

Thirty-eight patients with pituitary adenomas (≥ 2.5 cm) were prospectively evaluated with MRI and MRE before surgery. Absolute MRE stiffness values and relative MRE stiffness ratios, as well as the relative ratio of T1 signal, T2 signal, and diffusion-weighted imaging apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were determined prospectively by calculating the ratio of those values in the tumor to adjacent left temporal white matter. Tumors were classified into three groups according to surgical consistency (soft, intermediate, and firm). Statistical analysis was used to identify the predictive value of the different radiological parameters in determining pituitary adenoma consistency.

RESULTS

The authors included 32 (84.21%) nonfunctional and 6 (15.79%) functional adenomas. The mean maximum tumor diameter was 3.7 cm, and the mean preoperative tumor volume was 16.4 cm3. Cavernous sinus invasion was present in 20 patients (52.63%). A gross-total resection was possible in 9 (23.68%) patients. The entire cohort’s mean absolute tumor stiffness value was 1.8 kPa (range 1.1–3.7 kPa), whereas the mean tumor stiffness ratio was 0.66 (range 0.37–1.6). Intraoperative tumor consistency was significantly correlated with absolute and relative tumor stiffness (p = 0.0087 and 0.007, respectively). Tumor consistency alone was not a significant factor for predicting gross-total resection. Patients with intermediate and firm tumors had more complications compared to patients with soft tumors (50.00% vs 12.50%, p = 0.02) and also had longer operative times (p = 0.0002).

CONCLUSIONS

Whereas other MRI sequences have proven to be unreliable in determining tumor consistency, MRE has been shown to be a reliable tool for predicting adenoma consistency. Preoperative knowledge of tumor consistency could be potentially useful for surgical planning, counseling about potential surgical risks, and estimating the length of operative time.
Multiple predictors of in-stent restenosis after stent implantation in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis
Authors: Yu Ying , Yan Long , Lou Yake , Cui Rongrong , Kang Kaijiang , Jiang Lingxian , Mo Dapeng , Gao Feng , Wang Yongjun , Lou Xin , Miao Zhongrong , Ma Ning
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify predictors of intracranial in-stent restenosis (ISR) after stent placement in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

METHODS

The authors retrospectively collected data from consecutive patients who suffered from symptomatic ICAS and underwent successful stent placement in Beijing Tiantan hospital. Eligible patients were classified into “ISR,” “indeterminate ISR,” or “no-ISR” groups by follow-up digital subtraction angiography or CT angiography. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the predictors of intracranial ISR after adjustments for age and sex. In addition, ISR and no-ISR patients were divided into two groups based on the strongest predictor, and the incidence of ISR, recurrent stroke, and symptomatic ISR was compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

A total of 511 eligible patients were included in the study: 80 ISR, 232 indeterminate ISR, and 199 no-ISR patients. Elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; odds ratio [OR] 4.747, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.253–10.01, p < 0.001), Mori type B and C (Mori type B vs Mori type A, OR 3.119, 95% CI 1.093–8.896, p = 0.033; Mori type C vs Mori type A, OR 4.780, 95% CI 1.244–18.37, p = 0.023), coronary artery disease (CAD; OR 2.721, 95% CI 1.192–6.212, p = 0.017), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR; OR 1.474 95% CI 1.064–2.042, p = 0.020), residual stenosis (OR 1.050, 95% CI 1.022–1.080, p = 0.001) and concurrent intracranial tandem stenosis (OR 2.276, 95% CI 1.039–4.986, p = 0.040) synergistically contributed to the occurrence of intracranial ISR. Elevated hs-CRP (hs-CRP ≥ 3 mg/L) was the strongest predictor for ISR, and the incidence of ISR in the elevated hs-CRP group and normal hs-CRP group (hs-CRP < 3 mg/L) was 57.14% versus 21.52%, respectively, with recurrent stroke 44.64% versus 16.59%, and symptomatic ISR 41.07% versus 8.52%.

CONCLUSIONS

Elevated hs-CRP level, NLR, residual stenosis, Mori type B and C, CAD, and concurrent intracranial tandem stenosis are the main predictors of intracranial ISR, and elevated hs-CRP is crucially associated with recurrent stroke in patients with symptomatic ICAS after intracranial stent implantation.
Novel experimental model of brain arteriovenous malformations using conditional Alk1 gene deletion in transgenic mice
Authors: Han Chul , Lang Michael J. , Nguyen Candice L. , Luna Melendez Ernesto , Mehta Shwetal , Turner Gregory H. , Lawton Michael T. , Oh S. Paul
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is the only condition associated with multiple inherited brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Therefore, a mouse model was developed with a genetics-based approach that conditionally deleted the causative activin receptor-like kinase 1 (Acvrl1 or Alk1) gene. Radiographic and histopathological findings were correlated, and AVM stability and hemorrhagic behavior over time were examined.

METHODS

Alk1-floxed mice were crossed with deleter mice to generate offspring in which both copies of the Alk1 gene were deleted by Tagln-Cre to form brain AVMs in the mice. AVMs were characterized using MRI, MRA, and DSA. Brain AVMs were characterized histopathologically with latex dye perfusion, immunofluorescence, and Prussian blue staining.

RESULTS

Brains of 55 Tagln-Cre+;Alk12f/2f mutant mice were categorized into three groups: no detectable vascular lesions (group 1; 23 of 55, 42%), arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) with no nidus (group 2; 10 of 55, 18%), and nidal AVMs (group 3; 22 of 55, 40%). Microhemorrhage was observed on MRI or MRA in 11 AVMs (50%). AVMs had the angiographic hallmarks of early nidus opacification, a tangle of arteries and dilated draining veins, and rapid shunting of blood flow. Latex dye perfusion confirmed arteriovenous shunting in all AVMs and AVFs. Microhemorrhages were detected adjacent to AVFs and AVMs, visualized by iron deposition, Prussian blue staining, and macrophage infiltration using CD68 immunostaining. Brain AVMs were stable on serial MRI and MRA in group 3 mice (mean age at initial imaging 2.9 months; mean age at last imaging 9.5 months).

CONCLUSIONS

Approximately 40% of transgenic mice satisfied the requirements of a stable experimental AVM model by replicating nidal anatomy, arteriovenous hemodynamics, and microhemorrhagic behavior. Transgenic mice with AVFs had a recognizable phenotype of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia but were less suitable for experimental modeling. AVM pathogenesis can be understood as the combination of conditional Alk1 gene deletion during embryogenesis and angiogenesis that is hyperactive in developing and newborn mice, which translates to a congenital origin in most patients but an acquired condition in patients with a confluence of genetic and angiogenic events later in life. This study offers a novel experimental brain AVM model for future studies of AVM pathophysiology, growth, rupture, and therapeutic regression.
Automated operative workflow analysis of endoscopic pituitary surgery using machine learning: development and preclinical evaluation (IDEAL stage 0)
Authors: Khan Danyal Z. , Luengo Imanol , Barbarisi Santiago , Addis Carole , Culshaw Lucy , Dorward Neil L. , Haikka Pinja , Jain Abhiney , Kerr Karen , Koh Chan Hee , Layard Horsfall Hugo , Muirhead William , Palmisciano Paolo , Vasey Baptiste , Stoyanov Danail , Marcus Hani J.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Surgical workflow analysis involves systematically breaking down operations into key phases and steps. Automatic analysis of this workflow has potential uses for surgical training, preoperative planning, and outcome prediction. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) and computer vision have allowed accurate automated workflow analysis of operative videos. In this Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term study (IDEAL) stage 0 study, the authors sought to use Touch Surgery for the development and validation of an ML-powered analysis of phases and steps in the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach (eTSA) for pituitary adenoma resection, a first for neurosurgery.

METHODS

The surgical phases and steps of 50 anonymized eTSA operative videos were labeled by expert surgeons. Forty videos were used to train a combined convolutional and recurrent neural network model by Touch Surgery. Ten videos were used for model evaluation (accuracy, F1 score), comparing the phase and step recognition of surgeons to the automatic detection of the ML model.

RESULTS

The longest phase was the sellar phase (median 28 minutes), followed by the nasal phase (median 22 minutes) and the closure phase (median 14 minutes). The longest steps were step 5 (tumor identification and excision, median 17 minutes); step 3 (posterior septectomy and removal of sphenoid septations, median 14 minutes); and step 4 (anterior sellar wall removal, median 10 minutes). There were substantial variations within the recorded procedures in terms of video appearances, step duration, and step order, with only 50% of videos containing all 7 steps performed sequentially in numerical order. Despite this, the model was able to output accurate recognition of surgical phases (91% accuracy, 90% F1 score) and steps (76% accuracy, 75% F1 score).

CONCLUSIONS

In this IDEAL stage 0 study, ML techniques have been developed to automatically analyze operative videos of eTSA pituitary surgery. This technology has previously been shown to be acceptable to neurosurgical teams and patients. ML-based surgical workflow analysis has numerous potential uses—such as education (e.g., automatic indexing of contemporary operative videos for teaching), improved operative efficiency (e.g., orchestrating the entire surgical team to a common workflow), and improved patient outcomes (e.g., comparison of surgical techniques or early detection of adverse events). Future directions include the real-time integration of Touch Surgery into the live operative environment as an IDEAL stage 1 (first-in-human) study, and further development of underpinning ML models using larger data sets.
IDH–wild-type glioblastoma cell density and infiltration distribution influence on supramarginal resection and its impact on overall survival: a mathematical model
Authors: Tripathi Shashwat , Vivas-Buitrago Tito , Domingo Ricardo A. , Biase Gaetano De , Brown Desmond , Akinduro Oluwaseun O. , Ramos-Fresnedo Andres , Sherman Wendy , Gupta Vivek , Middlebrooks Erik H. , Sabsevitz David S. , Porter Alyx B. , Uhm Joon H. , Bendok Bernard R. , Parney Ian , Meyer Fredric B. , Chaichana Kaisorn L. , Swanson Kristin R. , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Recent studies have proposed resection of the T2 FLAIR hyperintensity beyond the T1 contrast enhancement (supramarginal resection [SMR]) for IDH–wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) to further improve patients’ overall survival (OS). GBMs have significant variability in tumor cell density, distribution, and infiltration. Advanced mathematical models based on patient-specific radiographic features have provided new insights into GBM growth kinetics on two important parameters of tumor aggressiveness: proliferation rate (ρ) and diffusion rate (D). The aim of this study was to investigate OS of patients with IDH–wild-type GBM who underwent SMR based on a mathematical model of cell distribution and infiltration profile (tumor invasiveness profile).

METHODS

Volumetric measurements were obtained from the selected regions of interest from pre- and postoperative MRI studies of included patients. The tumor invasiveness profile (proliferation/diffusion [ρ/D] ratio) was calculated using the following formula: ρ/D ratio = (4π/3)2/3 × (6.106/[VT21/1 − VT11/1])2, where VT2 and VT1 are the preoperative FLAIR and contrast-enhancing volumes, respectively. Patients were split into subgroups based on their tumor invasiveness profiles. In this analysis, tumors were classified as nodular, moderately diffuse, or highly diffuse.

RESULTS

A total of 101 patients were included. Tumors were classified as nodular (n = 34), moderately diffuse (n = 34), and highly diffuse (n = 33). On multivariate analysis, increasing SMR had a significant positive correlation with OS for moderately and highly diffuse tumors (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–0.99; p = 0.02; and HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–0.99; p = 0.04, respectively). On threshold analysis, OS benefit was seen with SMR from 10% to 29%, 10% to 59%, and 30% to 90%, for nodular, moderately diffuse, and highly diffuse, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The impact of SMR on OS for patients with IDH–wild-type GBM is influenced by the degree of tumor invasiveness. The authors’ results show that increasing SMR is associated with increased OS in patients with moderate and highly diffuse IDH–wild-type GBMs. When grouping SMR into 10% intervals, this benefit was seen for all tumor subgroups, although for nodular tumors, the maximum beneficial SMR percentage was considerably lower than in moderate and highly diffuse tumors.