bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARAÇÃO DA FORÇA MUSCULAR RESPIRATÓRIA DE IDOSAS HÍGIDAS EM RELAÇÃO A PRÁTICA REGULAR DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS
Authors: Silva Renato Canevari Dutra da , Gurian Jordana Gaudie , Zaibak Matheus Azevedo , Barbosa Ludymilla Vicente , Judice Marcelo Gomes , Cabral Fernando Durante
Published: August 2017

O sedentarismo aliado ao envelhecimento vem acompanhado da diminuição das funções biológicas do organismo. Este estudo objetivou comparar a força muscular respiratória de idosas hígidas de acordo com o nível de exercício físico. Foi realizado um estudo de caráter transversal, utilizando como amostra idosas praticantes de exercício físico e idosas não-praticantes. A pesquisa fundamentou-se na manovacuometria para avaliação da força muscular inspiratória e expiratória. A amostra deste trabalho foi composta por 22 idosas hígidas, com idades variando entre 60 e 78 anos, das quais 54,5% eram praticantes de exercício físico regular e 45,5% não praticavam exercício físico regular. O grupo praticante regular possuía média de 68 anos (± 5,87) e o grupo não-praticante média de 68,7 anos (± 5,96). Na manovacuometria, foi observada a força da musculatura inspiratória do grupo praticante regular de exercício físico que foi significantemente maior, quando comparada ao grupo não praticante (p = 0,001). Pode ser observado PImáx de forma geral 79,9 cmH2O (± 22,42), o grupo praticante de exercício físico obteve média de PImáx 94,1 cmH2O (± 7,93) e o grupo não-praticante média de PImáx 62,8 cmH2O (± 22,37), a força da musculatura expiratória do grupo de forma geral 84,1 cmH2O (± 35,51). O grupo praticante regular de exercício físico foi significantemente maior quando comparada ao grupo não-praticante (p = 0,000). O grupo praticante de exercício físico obteve média de PEmáx 111,6 cmH2O (± 11,14) e o grupo não-praticante média de PEmáx 51,2 cmH2O (± 23,96). Este estudo permitiu evidenciar o declínio da força muscular respiratória de idosas com diferentes níveis de prática de exercícios físicos, havendo diminuição evidente tanto de PImáx e PEmáx do grupo não-praticante, comparado às idosas praticantes.
Aliando teoria e prática: um exame da metodologia de “Análise Arquitetônica” aplicada em disciplinas de Teoria e História de Arquitetura
Authors: Gurgel Ana Paula Campos
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem como intenção apresentar e avaliar a metodologia de ensino de arquitetura aplicada nas disciplinas de Teoria e História da Arquitetura e Urbanismo – THAU. Na atividade docente, percebe-se uma falta de interesse dos alunos com esse campo disciplinar. Em geral focados nas disciplinas de projeto arquitetônico, por sua carga prática e aplicada, os discentes têm - em geral - as disciplinas teóricas classificadas como “enfadonhas”. Portanto, numa busca de chamar atenção à importância da teoria e história no fazer prático da arquitetura e urbanismo sugiram alguns questionamentos: Como fazer os alunos se interessarem pelas disciplinas de THAU? A resposta era óbvia: se fazia necessário atrelar os conteúdos de teoria à prática projetual, porém como fazê-lo? Neste sentido, foram propostas como atividade complementar avaliativa a elaboração de exercícios de “análise arquitetônica” e que foram aplicados em duas maneiras: através de fichas sistematizadas previamente e que eram respondidas semanalmente ou através de “estudos de casos”, uma apreciação mais aprofundada elaborada por meio de textos e desenhos analíticos que foi desenvolvida semestralmente. Excetuando raros casos, este conjunto específico de análises não foi desenvolvido anteriormente ou muito menos encontram-se nos livros de apoio, de modo que os alunos desenvolvem um esforço de confecção gráfica através da qual já tem início a análise do edifício. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que os exercícios propostos promovem uma articulação interdisciplinar, quebrando as barreiras das “caixas” impostas por uma rígida organização curricular em áreas de conhecimentos específicos em Arquitetura e Urbanismo.
Passo Fundo Vai de Bici: a redução no consumo de combustíveis fósseis e as contribuições para o meio ambiente
Authors: Saraiva Paola Pol , Ribeiro Lauro André
Published: August 2017

Buscando novas soluções para os problemas de mobilidade urbana, a Prefeitura Municipal de Passo Fundo/RS recentemente implementou o sistema de compartilhamento de bicicletas denominado “Passo Fundo Vai de Bici”. Este artigo objetiva avaliar o quanto a população passofundense vem substituindo viagens com veículos motorizados por bicicletas do sistema, a fim de quantificar a redução do consumo de combustíveis e consequentemente de emissões de CO2 no meio ambiente. O trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas metodológicas: revisão bibliográfica da temática em questão e a quantificação do consumo de combustível poupado e da redução de CO2 emitido com base em dados fornecidos pelo INMETRO e PBE. Os resultados mostram que a implantação do sistema de compartilhamento de bicicletas tem gerado contribuições para a melhora da qualidade do ar na cidade, tendo em vista que 25% dos usuários das bicicletas estão substituindo viagens motorizadas individuais, contribuindo com uma redução de aproximadamente 13.000kg de CO2 emitido na cidade de Passo Fundo. Por fim, esta pesquisa demonstra como o incentivo aos deslocamentos ativos, ainda que em pequena escala, tende a gerar impactos positivos tanto para a população quanto para a cidade.
DNA Sequence Analysis of dtxR Gene (Partial) of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Causing Diphtheria in Jawa and Kalimantan Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Sunarno Sunarno , Mulyastuti Yuanita , Puspandari Nelly , Sariadji Kambang
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND: dtxR gene is a global regulator that can be used as a marker for detection of Corynebacterium diphtheriae (C. diphtheriae) and it is also a representative tool for mapping purpose (molecular typing) of this bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the DNA sequences of partial dtxR gene of C. diphtheriae causing diphtheria in some region of Indonesia. DNA sequence analysis was used to verify the accuracy of the in-house multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that used for detection of C. diphtheriae in the clinical specimen as well as a preliminary study to determine the strain diversity of C. diphtheriae circulating in Indonesia.METHODS:Ten PCR products targeting the dtxR gene that have been detected as positive C. diphtheriae previously by in-house multiplex PCR used as samples in this study. The DNA sequencing carried out by Sanger method and the sequence data was analyzed by Bioedit software offline and basic local alignment sequence typing (BLAST) online.RESULTS: All of DNA sequence analyzed in this study were similar or identical to the dtxR gene sequence data of C. diphtheriae registered in GenBank. Within the 162 nucleotides (base 150-311) of dtxR gene that analyzed, at least 2 clonals were found among 10 samples. Substitutions of 2 nucleotides (base 225 and 273) was detected, both were silent mutation.CONCLUSION:Ten partial DNA sequences of dtxR genes in this study verify the accuracy of in-house multiplex PCR which used to identify the bacteria causing diphtheria in the clinical specimen. The DNA sequences also represent the existing diversity of the bacteria causing diphtheria circulating in Indonesia.KEYWORDS: dtxR, C. diphtheriae, diphtheria, Indonesia
Antioxidant Activity of Phyllanthus niruri Extract, Rutin and Quercetin
Authors: Rusmana Djaja , Wahyudianingsih Roro , Elisabeth Mariska , Balqis Balqis , Maesaroh Maesaroh , Widowati Wahyu
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND: Normal metabolism of oxygen and exogenous factors constantly generate free radicals which could be harmful to the human body. Human need antioxidants to provide protection against free radicals, thus plants are a good source of natural antioxidants. Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri) has been known to possess several medicinal properties and contain numerous active phytochemical. In this research, we conducted phytochemical screening and antioxidant assay of P. niruri extract along with the compounds rutin and quercetin, which are flavonoids possessing medicinal properties. This study was conducted to determine P. niruri, rutin and quercetin as antioxidant.METHODS: In this study, qualitative phytochemical screening was performed to detect phenol, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, steroid/triterpenoid, terpenoid and alkaloid in P. niruri extract. Antioxidant analysis of P. niruri, rutin and quercetin was conducted using total measured phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays.RESULTS:  The study revealed that P. niruri extract contained saponin, phenol, flavonoid and tannin based on phytochemical screening. In DPPH and ABTS assays quercetin possessed highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 0.55 and 1.17 μg/ml respectively. Meanwhile, P. niruri extract showed the highest FRAP activity which was 373.95 μM Fe(II)/μg extract. Rutin possessed the lowest antioxidant activity in all antioxidant assays.CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that P. niruri extract and quercetin have great potential as a natural antioxidant source.KEYWORDS: asntioxidant, phytochemical, Phyllanthus niruri, quercetin, rutin, free radical
Culture Identity in Intercultural Business Communications
Authors: Bao Juyuan
Published: August 2017

This paper is going to introduce culture identity and explain why culture identity is important in intercultural business communications. In addition, the paper will talk about how to develop culture identity and how can culture identity promote intercultural business communications. The third part will explain how to develop culture identity by language and behavior during intercultural business communications. There are two ways culture identity promotes intercultural business communications. The first way is by understanding, and the other one is by multicultural individuals
Study on the investment choice of China's pension market—Based on the analysis of stock investment strategy
Authors: Jin Hui
Published: August 2017

This paper studies Chinese pension market investment, the analysis of stock investment holdings based on the strategy of choice, starting from China's pension market investment opportunities, combined with China's pension market investment choice theory, to discuss the pension equity investment ratio influencing factors. Then, this paper will be based on statistical and econometric analysis pension fund stock investment, stock investment holdings of pension in China is put forward specific strategies. I hope this study can provide reference for Chinese citizens to pension strategy use.
Living with Tricuspid Atresia: Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Frock Brittany Watson , Jnah Amy J. , Newberry Desi M.
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Tricuspid atresia (TA) is a rare congenital heart defect in which the right atrioventricular connection, the tricuspid valve, is absent. As a result, there is no direct communication between the right atrium and right ventricle. Surgical treatment, including the Fontan procedure, is indicated yet palliative, leaving patients with various lifelong complications. A comprehensive literature review revealed a paucity of evidence-based education on the identification, evaluation, management, treatment, and life span implications of TA. We present a case of TA from birth through adulthood, while simultaneously assessing the literature, to report the most current evidence relative to living with TA after surgical palliation. In addition, the embryology, methods of prenatal and postnatal diagnosis, potential complications, management, anticipatory guidance, and educational needs of both parents and patient are discussed.
O alerta de algumas sociedades de consumo no Ano Internacional do Planeta Terra
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: August 2017

Editorial
El aporte de la Geología en investigaciones arqueológicas multidisciplinarias e interdisciplinarias: casos de estudos
Authors: Blasi Adriana Mónica
Published: August 2017

Se presentan en esta contribución ejemplos de trabajos de investigación realizados desde la Geología para la resolución de diversos cuestionamientos arqueológicos. Estos se discriminan sobre la base de su carácter en interdisciplinarios y multidisciplinarios. Se valora el grado de compromiso y generación de equipos de investigación en cada caso. Se puntualizan las limitaciones en la generación de este tipo de aportes, en especial la escala temporal y espacial del desarrollo las ocupaciones humanas del territorio Americano y las políticas científicas que desalentaron por mucho tiempo las contribuciones de este sesgo. Se numeran aspectos que son requeridos para contextualizar sitio arqueológico, entre otros, estudios de marcos geográficos, fisiográficos, topográficos, geomorfológicos, geológicos, geocronológicos y pedosedimentarios; así también la necesidad de conocimientos acerca de la naturaleza de las materias primas inorgánicas utilizadas para la realización de la cultura material y sus posibles fuentes de provisión. Por ultimo, se muestran ejemplos de la ejecución de análisis paleoambientales y paleoclimáticos, desarrollados sobre la base de registros geológicos y biológicos de detalle, para arribar a una correcta reconstrucción de la formación de sitios arqueológicos y su resolución temporal
Viagem virtual ao Aqüifero Guarani: Formações Piramboias e Botucatu, Bacia do Paraná
Authors: Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: August 2017

O presente roteiro consiste em uma breve viagem de reconhecimento a alguns locais de exposição de rochas dos arredores da cidade de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, nas quais se expõe o Aqüífero Guarani, um imenso manancial de água doce cujos limites ultrapassam as fronteiras brasileiras. Embora seja virtual, para ser feita pela Internet, a viagem pode ser realizada no campo, com as indicações fornecidas. Buscou-se oferecer conhecimentos e sugerir cuidados ambientais que devem ser tomados para preservar um aquífero. Em Botucatu afloram camadas de rochas sedimentares da Bacia do Paraná formadas durante uma época em que o território nacional esteve recoberto por vasto deserto climático interior cujas dimensões devem ter sido maiores que as do atual deserto do Sahara. A água do Aqüífero Guarani é utilizada no abastecimento público de centenas de cidades de médio e grande portes, por meio de poços de profundidade variada. A qualidade dos recursos corre o risco de ser prejudicada sobretudo por atividades inadequadas nos setores agrícola, industrial e de disposição de resíduos. Destacam-se características singulares do reservatório: (i) as condições formadoras das rochas decorrem de uma peculiar história geológica; (ii) as reservas são confinadas, fator que aumenta a fragilidade do sistema à poluição; (iii) ainda que sejam muito grandes, as reservas são finitas. O roteiro compreende três séries de pontos, cada qual envolvendo três paradas, que exibem aspectos notáveis da história geológica e da fragilidade desse sistema natural
Estratégia didática clássica aplicada à disciplina Geologia Introdutória do curso de Geologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia
Authors: Leite Osmário Rezende , Avanzo Paulo Eduardo , Celino Joil José
Published: August 2017

É notório que as escolas criam um mundo apartado da vida cotidiana e, logo cedo os alunos se acostumam a posturas diferentes em cada uma dessas circunstâncias. O professor adentra a sala de aula, munido de um programa, um livro texto, alguns recursos variáveis que em grande parte se resumem a transparências ou a giz e quadro negro, e uma bagagem de questões para as provas. Os professores agem bem mais de acordo com preceitos de praxe dentro das salas, do que com o bom senso que utilizam fora delas. Assim que constatam qualquer falta de rendimento, também são capazes de seguir rotineira e tranqüilamente com suas aulas, mesmo constatando que nas avaliações os alunos demonstram falta de rendimento. Neste trabalho reflete-se sobre o objetivo prático de reajustamentos no método de ensino e na estratégia didática a curto prazo com o intuito de adequar e adaptar o curso frente a problemas detectados durante o período letivo da disciplina Geologia Introdutória do curso de Geologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia.
Relato Final do VII Encontro do Fórum Nacional de Cursos de Geologia, 2007
Authors: Fantinel Lucia , Janasi Valdecir de Assis , Assis José Fernando Pina , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: August 2017

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Causa do aquecimento global: antropogênica versus natural
Authors: Silva Robson Willians da Costa , Paula Beatriz Lima de
Published: August 2017

As controvérsias sobre as possíveis causas e efeitos do aquecimento global ainda são pouco divulgadas, mas não podem ser ignoradas. As previsões sobre a intensidade do aquecimento global bem como sobre suas causas e consequências, envolvem questões complexas sobre as quais a própria comunidade científica ainda não chegou a um consenso. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir os diversos pontos de vista e interesses de uma situação-problema, como é o aquecimento global, não responsabilizando simplesmente a ação humana durante sua breve história na Terra, nem a ciclicidade climática do planeta, mas trazer informações importantes sobre o tema, auxiliando na formação de uma opinião embasada em resultados científicos. Conclui-se que há necessidade de aumentar as pesquisas sobre os diversos fatores que causam as flutuações e mudanças climáticas, estabelecendo comparações das características do presente aquecimento em relação às características dos paleoaquecimentos.
O ciclo das rochas na natureza
Authors: Carneiro Celso Dal Ré , Gonçalves Pedro Wagner , Lopes Osvaldo R.
Published: August 2017

Mudanças cíclicas acontecem permanentemente na Terra, um planeta dinâmico onde os materiais, tanto da superfície como do interior, passam por transformações, lentas ou rápidas. Nem mesmo as rochas podem ser consideradas eternas, porque são afetadas por diversos graus de reciclagem, assim como todos os minerais que as constituem e os demais objetos encontrados na Terra. As escalas de tempo das mudanças são extremamente variáveis. O Ciclo das Rochas é uma teia complexa de transformações da matéria, desde muito rápidas até extremamente lentas, que, em conjunto, no contexto da Tectônica de Placas, determinam modificações no reino mineral. Buscando auxiliar o aprendizado de grande parte da Geologia, abordam-se os processos e produtos do ciclo e os ambientes naturais em que ocorrem. Tais transformações participam dos demais ciclos naturais e, evidentemente, interferem na vida humana.
Formação de professores para o estudo do ambiente: projetos escolares e a realidade socioambiental local
Authors: Santos Vânia Maria Nunes dos , Compiani Maurício
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar os processos e resultados da pesquisa de doutorado, com o referido título, defendida no IG/Unicamp em 2006. A pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar o desenvolvimento de projetos escolares de educação socioambiental realizados a partir da formação continuada de professores, com o uso integrado de recursos de sensoriamento remoto e trabalhos de campo em microbacias urbanas em Guarulhos-SP. Com referência na pesquisa-ação, os projetos escolares tiveram por meta contribuir para a formação de professores críticos e inovadores em exercício a partir da reflexão sobre a atividade docente, bem como para a construção de novos conhecimentos e metodologias para o estudo do ambiente, considerando as relações local/global na análise de problemas. Ao incorporar a questão socioambiental à prática pedagógica, os projetos escolares buscaram contribuir para a inserção da escola na realidade, considerando o lugar como eixo estruturante do currículo escolar.
NARRADORA ESPORTIVA: Profissional ou Torcedora? Uma Análise da Representação de Glenda Kozlowski no Portal Olimpíadas UOL
Authors: Bueno Noemi Correa , Marques José Carlos
Published: August 2017

Considerando os meios de comunicação e o esporte como instâncias que constituem espaços socializadores, capazes de criar, reforçar, questionar ou refutar papeis tradicionais de gênero, o artigo analisa as notícias veiculadas pelo Portal Olimpíadas UOL no período de 05 a 21 de agosto de 2016, a respeito da atuação da jornalista Glenda Kozlowski, que nesse período assumiu o papel de primeira narradora esportiva da Rede Globo. A partir disso, o artigo objetiva compreender se essas notícias contribuíram positivamente ou negativamente para a reflexão a respeito da participação da mulher no esporte e no jornalismo esportivo.
Coumarin-3-Amine as New Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Al-Amiery Ahmed
Published: August 2017

Corrosion inhibitors are the natural or synthetic compounds that have the ability to inhibit the average of corrosion and reduce the damage of the mild steel. Enormous organic inhibitors nowadays employed in the corrosion domain but excluded due to costly. Comparatively cheap, and stable organic compound, namely 3-((4-nitrobenzylidene)amino)coumarin, have been utilized as an excellent corrosion inhibitor in hydrochloric acid for mild steel. The inhibition efficiency has been figured regarding to weight loss method. The corrosion inhibitor was identified according to spectroscopic techniques namely Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance in addition to micro-elemental analysis. Inhibition efficiency for the studied inhibitor was 71.4% that, at the highest studied concentration.
Plate Versus Tension-Band Wire Fixation for Olecranon Fractures
Authors: Duckworth Andrew D. , Clement Nicholas D. , White Timothy O. , Court-Brown Charles M. , McQueen Margaret M.
Published: August 2017

Background:

The aim of this single-center, single-blinded, prospective randomized trial was to compare the outcomes of tension-band wire (TBW) and plate fixation for simple isolated, displaced fractures of the olecranon.

Methods:

We performed a prospective randomized trial involving 67 patients who were ≥16 to <75 years of age and had an acute isolated, displaced fracture of the olecranon. Patients were randomized to either TBW (n = 34) or plate fixation (n = 33) and were evaluated at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year following surgery. The primary outcome measure was the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score at 1 year.

Results:

The baseline demographic and fracture characteristics of the 2 groups were comparable, except for age, which was lower in the TBW group. The 1-year follow-up rate was 85% (n = 57), with 84% (n = 56) completing the DASH. There was a significant improvement in the DASH score over the 1-year period following surgery (p < 0.001). At 1 year, the DASH score for the TBW group (12.8) did not differ significantly from that of the plate group (8.5) (p = 0.315). The groups also did not differ significantly in terms of range of motion, the Broberg and Morrey score, the Mayo Elbow Score, or the DASH at all assessment points over the 1 year (all p ≥ 0.05). Complication rates were significantly higher in the TBW group (63% compared with 38%; p = 0.042), predominantly because of a significantly higher rate of metalwork removal in symptomatic patients (50.0% compared with 22%; p = 0.021). Four infections occurred, all in the plate group (0% versus 13%; p = 0.114), as did 3 revision surgeries (0% versus 9.4%; p = 0.238).

Conclusions:

Among active patients with a simple isolated, displaced fracture of the olecranon, no difference was found between TBW and plate fixation in the patient-reported outcome at 1 year following surgery. The complication rate was higher following TBW fixation and was due to a higher rate of implant removal in symptomatic patients. However, the more serious complications of infection and the need for revision surgery occurred exclusively following plate fixation in this trial.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Patients with Staged Bilateral Total Joint Arthroplasty in Registries
Authors: van der Pas Stéphanie L. , Nelissen Rob G.H.H. , Fiocco Marta
Published: August 2017

Background:

In arthroplasty data, patients with staged bilateral total joint arthroplasty (TJA) pose a problem in statistical analysis. Subgroup analysis, in which patients with unilateral and bilateral TJA are studied separately, is sometimes considered an appropriate solution to the problem; we aim to show that this is not true because of immortal time bias.

Methods:

We reviewed patients who underwent staged (at any time) bilateral TJA. The logical fallacy leading to immortal time bias is explained through a simple artificial data example. The cumulative incidences of revision and death are computed by subgroup analysis and by landmark analysis based on hip replacement data from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register and on simulated data sets.

Results:

For patients who underwent unilateral TJA, subgroup analysis can lead to an overestimate of the cumulative incidence of death and an underestimate of the cumulative incidence of revision. The reverse conclusion holds for patients who underwent staged bilateral TJA. Analysis of these patients can lead to an underestimate of the cumulative incidence of death and an overestimate of the cumulative incidence of revision. Immortal time bias can be prevented by using landmark analysis.

Conclusions:

When examining arthroplasty registry data, patients who underwent staged bilateral TJA should be analyzed with caution. An appropriate statistical method to address the research question should be selected.
Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of the Ream-and-Run Procedure for Primary Glenohumeral Arthritis
Authors: Somerson Jeremy S. , Neradilek Moni B. , Service Benjamin C. , Hsu Jason E. , Russ Stacy M. , Matsen Frederick A.
Published: August 2017

Background:

The ream-and-run procedure can provide improvement in shoulder function and comfort for selected patients with primary glenohumeral arthritis who wish to avoid a prosthetic glenoid component. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with medialization of the humeral head after this procedure as well as the relationship of medialization to the clinical outcome.

Methods:

We collected patient, shoulder, and procedure characteristics along with Simple Shoulder Test (SST) scores before surgery and at the time of follow-up. Medialization was determined by comparing the position of the humeral head prosthesis in relation to the scapula on postoperative baseline radiographs made within 6 weeks after surgery with that on comparable follow-up radiographs made ≥18 months after surgery.

Results:

Two-year clinical outcomes were available for 101 patients (95% were male). Comparable radiographs at postoperative baseline and follow-up evaluations were available for 50 shoulders. For all patients, the mean SST score (and standard deviation) increased from 4.9 ± 2.8 preoperatively to 10.3 ± 2.4 at the latest follow-up (p < 0.001). Significant clinical improvement was observed for glenoid types A2 and B2. Shoulders with a type-A2 glenoid morphology, with larger preoperative scapular body-glenoid angles, and with lower preoperative SST scores, were associated with the greatest clinical improvement. Clinical outcome was not significantly associated with the amount of medialization.

Conclusions:

The ream-and-run procedure can be an effective treatment for advanced primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis in active patients. Further study will be necessary to determine whether medialization affects the clinical outcome with follow-up of >2 years.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ultrasound-Guided Motor-Sparing Knee Blocks for Postoperative Analgesia Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sogbein Olawale A. , Sondekoppam Rakesh V. , Bryant Dianne , Johnston David F. , Vasarhelyi Edward M. , MacDonald Steven , Lanting Brent , Ganapathy Sugantha , Howard James L.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is often severe and can inhibit rehabilitation. Motor-sparing analgesic techniques such as periarticular infiltrations and adductor canal blocks have been popularized for knee analgesia since they preserve motor strength and permit early mobilization. Our primary objective was to compare the duration of analgesia from motor-sparing blocks with that of a standard periarticular infiltration. We used the time to first rescue analgesia as the end point.

Methods:

We randomized 82 patients scheduled for elective TKA to receive either the preoperative motor-sparing block (0.5% ropivacaine, 2.5 μg/mL of epinephrine, 10 mg of morphine, and 30 mg of ketorolac) or intraoperative periarticular infiltration (0.3% ropivacaine, 2.5 μg/mL of epinephrine, 10 mg of morphine, and 30 mg of ketorolac). For the motor-sparing block, we modified the ultrasound-guided adductor canal block by combining it with a lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block and posterior knee infiltration. The patients, surgeons, anesthetists administering the blocks, and outcome assessors all remained blinded to group allocation. Our primary outcome was duration of analgesia (time to first rescue analgesia). Secondary outcomes included quadriceps strength, function, side effects, satisfaction, and length of hospital stay.

Results:

The duration of analgesia was significantly longer (mean difference, 8.8 hours [95% confidence interval = 3.98 to 13.62], p < 0.01) for the motor-sparing-block group (mean [and standard error], 18.1 ± 1.7 hours) compared with the periarticular infiltration group (mean, 9.25 ± 1.7 hours). The infiltration group had significantly higher scores for pain at rest for the first 2 postoperative hours and for pain with knee movement at 2 and 4 hours. There were no significant differences between groups with regard to any other secondary outcomes.

Conclusions:

In patients undergoing a TKA, a motor-sparing block provides longer analgesia than periarticular infiltration with retention of quadriceps muscle strength, function, patient satisfaction, and a short hospital stay.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Capitellar Fractures in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Murthy Praveen G. , Vuillermin Carley , Naqvi Manahil N. , Waters Peter M. , Bae Donald S.
Published: August 2017

Background:

There has been limited published information regarding capitellar fractures in the pediatric population. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize capitellar fracture patterns in children and adolescents and to assess early clinical and radiographic treatment outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 37 children and adolescents with capitellar fractures presenting to a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2004 to 2014 was performed. The mean patient age at the time of injury was 11.8 years. Medical records and radiographs were evaluated for fracture pattern, treatment, healing, and complications. Fractures were categorized on the basis of prevailing patterns of injury, and a classification system is proposed that aids in treatment decision-making. Thirty-two patients had follow-up of at least 6 weeks and were included for assessment of treatment outcomes. The mean follow-up was 12.3 months.

Results:

Three predominant capitellar fracture patterns were identified. Type-I fractures (n = 25) were anterior shear injuries. Nondisplaced anterior shear fractures were successfully treated with cast immobilization. Displaced anterior shear fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, with good results in a majority of patients. Of the 21 patients with Type-Ib fractures eligible for analysis, 6 (29%) required a secondary surgical procedure for loss of motion related to soft-tissue contracture, osteonecrosis, implant prominence, and/or intra-articular loose bodies. Type-II fractures (n = 9) were posterolateral shear injuries, typically associated with ulnohumeral dislocations. Among 5 patients with displaced fractures and adequate follow-up, 3 patients were treated nonoperatively and had poor results, with loss of elbow motion or mechanical symptoms, and 2 patients were treated surgically and achieved good functional restoration. Type-III fractures (n = 3) were acute chondral shear injuries, which achieved full restoration of motion after surgical treatment.

Conclusions:

A classification of pediatric capitellar fractures is proposed, guiding treatment and prognosis. Nondisplaced fractures heal successfully with cast immobilization. Good results may be expected with surgical fixation of displaced Type-I fractures (anterior shear). Type-II fractures (posterolateral shear) and Type-III fractures (chondral shear) are more subtle; advanced imaging and timely surgical management for displaced injuries are recommended to optimize clinical results.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Dieta niskosalicylanowa a możliwość występowania niedoborów składników pokarmowych
Authors: Szczuko Małgorzata , Romaniuk Rafał
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Niepożądane reakcje organizmu na spożywany pokarm i/lub leki są narastającym problemem epidemiologicznym. Nietolerancja kwasu acetylosalicylowego związana jest ze spożyciem niektórych leków oraz żywności zawierającej kwas salicylowy. Osoby nią dotknięte zmuszone są do stosowania diety eliminacyjnej z ograniczeniem spożycia salicylanów. Dieta eliminacyjna może prowadzić do wystąpienia niedoborów składników pokarmowych, dlatego celem pracy było sprawdzenie, czy dieta niskosalicylanowa o różnej kaloryczności (1500, 2000 i 2500 kcal) może stanowić takie zagrożenie.Materiały i metody: Materiał badawczy stanowiło 30 jadłospisów (po 10 dla każdej kaloryczności) ułożonych przy użyciu dietetycznego programu Dieta 5 rekomendowanego przez Instytut Żywności i Żywienia. Wyliczono średnie zawartości składników pokarmowych i porównano je z obowiązującymi normami żywienia dla osób dorosłych.Wyniki: Dieta niskosalicylanowa dostarczająca 1500 kcal jest najbardziej niedoborową pod względem zawartości składników pokarmowych zarówno dla kobiet, jak i mężczyzn. W przypadku kobiet w wieku 19–30 lat niedostateczne spożycie może dotyczyć 6 składników pokarmowych (potas, wapń, jod, witamina D, błonnik pokarmowy, kwas α-linolenowy). U kobiet wieku 31–65 lat dodatkowo w niedoborze może pojawić się magnez. U męż- czyzn w wieku 19–65 lat dieta niskosalicylanowa dostarczająca 1500 kcal może nie pokrywać dziennego zapotrzebowania na 9 składników pokarmowych (już wymienionych oraz witaminy E i C). Natomiast dieta niskosalicylanowa na poziomie 2000 kcal oraz 2500 kcal nie stanowi większego zagrożenia pod względem wystąpienia niedoborów składników pokarmowych.Wnioski: Długotrwałe stosowanie diety niskokalorycznej na poziomie 1500 kcal stanowi największe zagrożenie występowania niedoborów składników pokarmowych. Wraz ze wzrostem kaloryczności zmniejsza się ilość niedoborowych składników pokarmowych w jadłospisach, ale zbyt wysoka podaż energii może sprzyjać występowaniu nadwagi i otyłości. Podejmując stosowanie diety niskosalicylanowej o obniżonej kaloryczności, należy rozważyć dodatkową suplementację.
Analysis of the impact of selected hospital practices on exclusive breastfeeding
Authors: Ćwiek Dorota , Przeradzka Katarzyna , Stanisz Marta , Kardziejonek Agnieszka , Fryc Dorota , Szymoniak Katarzyna
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Breastfeeding is the optimal method of feeding children during the first period of their life. The correct management of lactation is essential for proper breastfeeding initiation which would be continued long enough. Many factors have a huge impact on lactation, among others mode of delivery, parturition, hospital procedures and practices, such as suctioning the airway, ‘skin to skin’ contact, feeding the baby, and the competent support of the staff. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of selected procedures related to childbirth and post-natal care, as well as hospital practices on lactation.Materials and methods: The study involved 145 women who gave birth in the Department of Foetal Medicine and Gynaecology Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin located in Police, West Pomeranian Province in Poland. The research was carried out by a diagnostic survey with a self-authorship questionnaire.Conclusions: 1. Some hospital practices, such as suctioning the airway, short ‘skin to skin’ contact after cesarean delivery, and complementary feeding of a newborn baby with a bottle had negative impact on maintaining lactation. 2. Complementary feeding of an infant with a bottle was a frequent hospital practice. As the procedure has an adverse impact on lactation, breastfeeding should be replaced by complementary feeding in an alternative way only in justified cases. 3. Most of the patients who obtained support during lactation were breastfeeding exclusively. Competent assistance in initiating and maintaining lactation is the responsibility of the medical personnel, thus there is a necessity for their permanent development, and a constant need to modify hospital practices to ones that affect lactation favourably.
Porównanie właściwości przeciwutleniających wybranych części maliny właściwej (Rubus idaeus) i jeżyny europejskiej (Rubus fruticosus)
Authors: Zielonka-Brzezicka Joanna , Nowak Anna , Zielińska Magdalena , Klimowicz Adam
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Antyoksydanty zawarte w surowcach roślinnych zapobiegają stresowi oksydacyjnemu, redukując degeneracyjne skutki reakcji wolnorodnikowych czy uszkodzeń wywołanych promieniowaniem UV. Działanie przeciwutleniające wykazują np. malina właściwa (Rubus idaeus) oraz jeżyna europejska (Rubus fruticosus), które charakteryzują się wysoką zawartością tanin, flawonoidów, kwasów fenolowych oraz witamin i soli mineralnych.Materiały i metody: Surowcem roślinnym były świeże i suszone liście oraz owoce maliny właściwej i jeżyny europejskiej zbierane w 2014 r., które ekstrahowano za pomocą aparatu Soxhleta i łaźni ultradźwiękowej. Oceny właściwości antyoksydacyjnych dokonano przy użyciu metody DPPH i FRAP w pierwszym roku oraz metody DPPH i ABTS w drugim roku badań.Wyniki: Najwyższą aktywność przeciwutleniającą, przy zastosowaniu metody DPPH w 2015 r., wykazały ekstrakty ze świe- żych liści zarówno maliny, jak i jeżyny, a zdolności redukcyjne, oceniane metodą FRAP, świeże i suszone liście jeżyny. W następnym roku badań (2016) próby oznaczone metodą DPPH nie róż- niły się istotnie, z wyjątkiem świeżych liści maliny. W tym roku, oceniane przy wykorzystaniu metody ABTS, największymi wła- ściwościami antyoksydacyjnymi charakteryzowały się ekstrakty ze świeżych liści i owoców jeżyny oraz suszonych liści jeżyny.Wnioski: Wszystkie badane wyciągi etanolowe, zarówno z liści, jak i owoców maliny właściwej i jeżyny europejskiej, wykazywały aktywność antyoksydacyjną oznaczaną metodami: DPPH, FRAP, ABTS. Przechowywanie ekstraktów etanolowych w temperaturze otoczenia nie miało większego wpływu na obniżenie badanych właściwości surowca roślinnego. Aktywność przeciwutleniająca większości badanych ekstraktów utrzymywała się na wysokim poziomie, co może mieć przełożenie na wykorzystanie tych surowców jako źródeł przeciwutleniaczy w przemyśle kosmetycznym i farmaceutycznym.
Olbrzymia torbiel śledziony – opis przypadku
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej , Puchalski Piotr
Published: August 2017

Przedstawiono przypadek olbrzymiej, niepasożytniczej torbieli śledziony, manifestującej się bardzo dyskretnymi objawami (zmianą obrysu brzucha), którą wykryto przypadkowo u młodej kobiety. Rozpoznanie ustalono na podstawie badania ultrasonograficznego i tomografii komputerowej jamy brzusznej. Pacjentkę operowano, a torbiel zawierającą 2,5 L płynu surowiczego udało się wyciąć z zaoszczędzeniem niemal całej śledziony. Przebieg pooperacyjny był niepowikłany, badanie histopatologiczne wykazało epidermoidalny charakter torbieli.
Reseña: Trovato, Giuseppe (2016). Mediación lingüística y enseñanza de español/LE. Cuadernos de didáctica del español/LE. Madrid: Arco/Libros.
Authors: Mendizábal de la Cruz Nieves
Published: August 2017

La mediación lingüística y cultural es un tema de relevancia desde que el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia la incluyó como una destreza más del aprendizaje de lenguas. En esta reseña resumimos la fundamentación teórica y metodología que utiliza Trovato en su libro. También destacamos las aportaciones que este autor sugiere para poner en práctica la competencia mediadora en las clases de E/LE.
Development of recreational water spray ground design regulations in New York State, an engineering approach
Authors: Paccione John D. , Dziewulski David M. , Young Pamela L.
Published: August 2017

The New York State Department of Health developed regulations for the design and operation of spray grounds to address the potential for recreational water illnesses associated with this type of venue. The water treatment component of the new regulation was based on a first-principles approach to address the unique challenges of spray grounds. The regulation departs from traditional recreational water treatment methods by requiring a novel filtration approach and the installation of UV disinfection. The water treatment system was also required to incorporate automatic control systems to ensure the water quality is maintained with a minimum of operator involvement. The treatment process specifications were based on pathogen and contaminant loadings that are likely to be encountered at spray grounds. The regulation was finalized in 2007, giving New York State a reliable means of protecting the health of spray ground patrons.
Adsorption of Congo red dye onto antimicrobial terephthaloyl thiourea cross-linked chitosan hydrogels
Authors: El-Harby Nouf F. , Ibrahim Shaimaa M. A. , Mohamed Nadia A.
Published: August 2017

Adsorption capacity of three antimicrobial terephthaloyl thiourea cross-linked chitosan hydrogels for Congo red dye removal from its aqueous solution has been investigated for the first time in this work. These hydrogels were prepared by reacting chitosan with various amounts of terephthaloyl diisothiocyanate cross-linker. The effect of the hydrogel structural variations and several dye adsorption processing parameters to achieve the best adsorption capacity were investigated. The hydrogels' structural variations were obtained by varying their terephthaloyl thiourea moieties content. The processing variables included initial concentration of the dye solution, temperature and time of exposure to the dye. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that the sorption processes were better fitted by the pseudo-second-order equation and the Langmuir equation, respectively. On the basis of the Langmuir analysis Congo red dye gave the maximum sorption capacity of 44.248 mg/g. The results obtained confirmed that the sorption phenomena are most likely to be controlled by chemisorption process. The adsorption reaction was endothermic and spontaneous according to the calculated results of adsorption thermodynamics.
Teacher's Perception on the Implementation of the Assessment Process in 2013 Curriculum
Authors: Maba Wayan
Published: August 2017

This study aims to describe the teachers’ perception on the implementation of assessment process in 2013 curriculum. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The subjects of the research are the Elementary school principals and elementary school teachers in Denpasar...
Transesterification of Waste Activated Sludge for Biosolids Reduction and Biodiesel Production
Authors: Maeng Min Ho , Cha Daniel K.
Published: August 2017

Transesterification of waste activated sludge (WAS) was evaluated as a cost‐effective technique to reduce excess biosolids and recover biodiesel feedstock from activated sludge treatment processes. A laboratory‐scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated with recycling transesterification‐treated WAS back to the aeration basin. Seventy percent recycling of WAS resulted in a 48% reduction of excess biosolids in comparison with a conventional SBR, which was operated in parallel as the control SBR. Biodiesel recovery of 8.0% (dried weight basis) was achieved at an optimum transesterification condition using acidic methanol and xylene as cosolvent. Average effluent soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations from the test SBR and control SBR were comparable, indicating that the recycling of transesterification‐treated WAS did not have detrimental effect on the effluent quality. This study demonstrated that transesterification and recycling of WAS may be a feasible technique for reducing excess biosolids, while producing valuable biodiesel feedstock from the activated sludge process.
Anaerobic Digestion Effluents (ADEs) Treatment Coupling with Chlorella sp. Microalgae Production
Authors: Zieliński Marcin , Dębowski Marcin , Szwaja Stanisław , Kisielewska Marta
Published: August 2017

Nutrient removal effectiveness from anaerobic digestion effluents (ADEs) by Chlorella sp. cultivation and microalgae biomass productivity were evaluated in this study. The results showed that the highest Chlorella sp. biomass productivities of 386.5 ± 24.1 mg dry weight/L•d and 338.3 ± 11.0 mg dry weight/L•d were respectively obtained with the anaerobically digested effluent of municipal wastewater sludge and effluent from a fermentation tank treating dairy wastewater. Lower (p < 0.05) microalgal growth was achieved with anaerobically digested effluents of maize silage and swine slurry and cattle manure. The increase of the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration in ADEs to the level of 160 mg/L did not encourage Chlorella sp. productivity because of phosphorus limitation. The removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 99.7%, 98.6%, 88.2%, and 58.7%, respectively, depending on the source of ADE, but not on the initial ammonia nitrogen concentrations.
A psique expressiva: o estudo de um processo psicoterápico aliado à produção plástica
Authors: Vergueiro Paola Vieitas
Published: August 2017

O estudo de caso apresentado demonstra uma maneira de utilizar recursos expressivos em psicoterapia e a análise simbólica desse processo. Ele se dedica à trajetória de um paciente que, ao ingressar em psicoterapia, sofre de ansiedade intensa e não vê perspectivas na vida. A leitura psicodinâmica identifica a ação acentuada de complexos e a falta de contato com o mundo interno. Ao longo do processo o paciente acessa seu inconsciente mediante o contato com os sonhos, sua expressividade plástica e diálogo com a psicoterapeuta. Muitas conquistas são realizadas: os complexos materno e paterno são revisitados e transformados; a conscientização de conteúdos inconscientes por meio da compreensão simbólica oferece ao paciente um caminho para sua energia psíquica, o que resulta em uma nova vitalidade; a perspectiva simbólica passa a fazer parte da sua vida, antes aprisionada a uma visão literal, concreta. Uma vez em posse desses recursos, sua personalidade se fortalece e seu herói se manifesta, voltando a lhe oferecer protagonismo e perspectivas criativas na vida. Este trabalho busca, assim, aproximar estudo e prática em psicologia analítica: a pesquisa acadêmica, o atendimento clínico, a fundamentação teórica e o uso da expressividade plástica, sem a pretensão de esgotar as possibilidades de leitura e compreensão do caso ou das áreas de conhecimento abordadas.
Summary of Global Warming and the Possible Extinction of Mankind: Time Is Running out!
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: August 2017

The UNFCCC, now arranging the upcoming COP23 global meeting in Bonn, hosted by islands state Fiji, must outline how its three chief COP21 objectives—GOAL I, II and III—are to be promoted and implemented by clearly stated means as well as fundingThis includes funding! Only a massive replacement of fossil fuels and wood coal by solar and/or wind power can save mankind from the dismal threats of global warming. This paper presents a tentative estimation of what is involved with regard to the fulfilment of the GOAL II in COP21 in order to show the immensity of the task of protecting humanity against the climate change full disaster.