bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peeking into the black box – integrated taxonomy of Archaeorhizomycetes
Authors: Khan Faheema Kalsoom , Kluting Kerri , Tångrot Jeannette , Urbina Hector , Ammunet Tea , Sahraei Shadi Eshghi , Rydén Martin , Ryberg Martin , Rosling Anna
Published: July 2020

Due to their submerged and cryptic lifestyle the vast majority of fungal species are difficult to observe and describe morphologically and many remains known to science only from sequences detected in environmental samples. The lack of rules to delimit and name most fungal species is a staggering limitation to communication and interpretation of ecology and evolution in kingdom Fungi. Here we use environmental sequence data as taxonomical evidence and take an integrated taxonomic approach by combining phylogenetic and ecological data to generate and test species hypothesis in the class Archaeorhizomycetes (Taphrinomycotina, Ascomycota). Based on environmental amplicon sequencing we recognize 68 distinct phylogenetic species hypotheses (PSHs) of Archaeorhizomycetes, including the two described species in the class, in a well-studied Swedish pine forest podzol soil. Nine of the species hypotheses, including the more abundant ones, are supported by long read data and represent 78% of the sequenced Archaeorhizomycetes community. Among well supported sister PSHs, significantly differential distribution in the soil profile provide additional ecological evidence supporting the identification of two novel species for which we provide molecular diagnostics and propose names. Our analysis indicates that frequent and abundant taxa can be phylogenetically resolved in environmental samples, while rare taxa remain un-captured at our sampling and sequencing intensity. While environmental sequences cannot be automatically translated to species hypothesis, they can be used to generate phylogenetic and ecological evidence supporting species recognition of abundant species without physical specimens.
Cross-Sectional Association of Adiponectin with Sociodemographic and Nutrition-Related Factors in Mexican Students from the Los Altos, Jalisco Region
Authors: González-Torres Yesica Sughey , González-Silva Napoleón , Perez-Reyes Angel , Guzman Luis F , Garcia-Iglesias Trinidad , Rodriguez-Razon Christian M , Mora Zuamí Villagrán-de la , Rivera-Leon Edgar A , Vargas-Becerra Patricia N , Sanchez-Enriquez Sergio , Garcia-Garcia Maritza Roxana
Published: July 2020

Background

Adiponectin is a biomarker useful for the early diagnosis of obesity-related comorbidities. The Mexican population has one of the highest obesity rates worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an association exists between adiponectin and certain sociodemographic and nutrition-related factors in young adults. This is perhaps one of only a few studies focused in the Los Altos, Jalisco area, a center for religious and cultural traditions in Mexico.
Methods

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted from January to November 2019 at the Los Altos University Center. A total of 173 student volunteers participating in the study provided voluntary signed, written consent forms. Sociodemographic data were collected. Biochemical and nutritional assessments were realized after eight hours of fasting. Dietary questionnaires were analyzed using Nutrikcal® software. Total serum adiponectin levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlations and multivariate models were computerized by SPSSv20. This research project was approved and registered by the Research and Bioethics Committee of the Los Altos University Center, Mexico.
Results

According to body mass index (BMI), the incidence of underweight participants was found to be 10.4%, whereas that for overweight and obese patients combined was found to be 23.1%. A positive correlation of serum adiponectin levels was found in the following categories: female gender (r = 0.353, p = 0.01); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (r = 0.487, p = 0.01); and fruit intake (r = 0.204, p = 0.031). Multivariate analysis showed that 41.6% of adiponectin levels measured could be explained by gender, glucose, HDL-c, sodium and ascorbic acid consumption (r2 = 0.416, p < 0.01).
Conclusions

In accordance with the results, the incidence of underweight participants was greater than that expected as contrasted by national reports generated in Mexico. In addition, adiponectin level was found to vary with gender and nutrition-related factors. Further studies should be performed in this population to assess the role of religious and Mexican cultural traditions on health status in an effort to prevent undernutrition and obesity-related morbidity and mortality.
Biomechanical Analysis of Fibular Graft Techniques for Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Xu Jian , Zhan Shi , Ling Ming , Jiang Dajun , Hu Hai , Sheng Jiagen , Zhang Changqing
Published: July 2020

Background: Free vascularized fibula graft (FVFG) technique has achieved the most consistent successful therapeutic effect on young patients diagnosed as nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (NONFH), of which the Core Track Technique (CTT) has been the most commonly used. As an alternative to CTT, the modified Light Bulb Technique (LBT) was reported to have a higher success rate. However, its biomechanical characters have been poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical properties of modified LBT in treating NONFH by comparing with CTT.Methods: Two types (C1 and C2) of NONFH finite element models were established from a healthy subject according to the Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) classification, and CTT and LBT procedures were simulated in each type of the models. The average Von Mises stresses and stiffness of the proximal femur were calculated by applying 250% body weight loading on femoral head to simulate walking condition. In addition, two patient-specific models were built and simulated under the same boundary condition for the further validation of LBT.Results: In the healthy subject-derived models, both LBT and CTT resulted in reduced stresses in the weight-bearing area, central femoral head, femoral neck, and trochanteric and subtrochanteric regions, and increased structural stiffness after surgery. In the weight-bearing area, CTT reduced more stresses than LBT (36.19% vs 31.45%) for Type C1, while less reduction (23.63% vs 26.76%) for Type C2. In patient-specific models, stiffness and stresses of before and after surgery were also increased and reduced respectively, which is consistent with healthy subject-derived models.Conclusion: LBT and CTT have different biomechanical performance on different JIC type of NONFH. In terms of preventing the collapse of femoral head, LBT may be more effective for JIC Type C2, which could alternatively be chosen, while for JIC Type C1, CTT is still a better choice. Both techniques can improve biomechanical properties of NONFH with patients’ proximal femur stress reduced and structural stiffness enhanced.
ZC3H4 promotes pulmonary fibrosis via an ER stress-related positive feedback loop
Authors: Ghafoor Hammad , Chu Han , Huang Jie , Chen Menglin , Wang Zhangyan , Wang Sha , Chao Jie
Published: July 2020

Background
Pulmonary fibrosis is the sequela of many pulmonary diseases, such as pneumoconiosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The principal characteristics of pulmonary fibrosis comprise myofibroblast proliferation, alveolar damage and deposition of extracellular matrix components, which causes abnormal lung structure remodeling and an irreversible decline in lung function; however, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. The current study focused on the role of ZC3H4, a new member of the zinc finger protein family, in SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Methods
The expression of ZC3H4 and fibroblast activation markers (COL1A1, COL3A1 and ACTA1) was measured by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining after SiO2 exposure (50 µg/cm2). The functional change in fibroblasts was studied with a scratch assay and a 3D migration assay. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to explore the regulatory mechanisms of ZC3H4 in pulmonary fibroblast cells.
Results
The expression levels of ZC3H4 and sigmar1 (a key regulator of ER stress) were increased in pulmonary fibroblast cells and were associated with fibroblast activation, as indicated by the increase in COL1A1, COL3A1 and ACTA1, as well as the migration ability. The SiO2-enhanced fibroblast activation was attenuated by specific knockdown of ZC3H4 and inhibition of ER stress, demonstrating that ZC3H4 activated fibroblasts via the sigmar1/ER stress pathway. Interestingly, an ER stress blockade also inhibited ZC3H4 expression, indicating the positive feedback regulatory mechanism of ER stress on ZC3H4.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that ZC3H4 and sigmar1 might act as novel therapeutic targets for silicosis, providing a reference for further pulmonary fibrosis research.
Diagnosis-related group (DRG)-based prospective hospital payment system can be well adopted for acute care surgery: Taiwanese experience with acute cholecystitis
Authors: Wu Yu-Tung , Lin Yu-Ning , Cheng Chi-Tung , Fu Chih-Yuan , Liao Chien-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Hsun
Published: July 2020

BackgroundDiagnostic-related groups (DRGs) are a principle type of hospital payment systems worldwide. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a common surgical procedure for cholelithiasis paid by DRGs. However, acute cholecystitis (AC) patients usually have heterogeneous conditions that can negatively impact the successful implementation of DRGs. We evaluated the quality and efficiency of treating AC patients under the DRG system in Taiwan.MethodsAll AC patients who underwent LC between October 2015 and December 2016 were included. Patient demographics, comorbidities, laboratory tests, AC severity, treatment outcomes and financial results were recorded and compared. Patients were reimbursed by one of the two DRG schemes based on their comorbidities or complications (CC): DRG-1, LC without CC; and DRG-2, LC with CC. Hospitals were reimbursed with the lower threshold if costs were below the lower threshold (sector A); with the outlier threshold if costs were between the lower and outlier thresholds (sector B); and with the outlier threshold plus 80% of the exceeding cost if costs were higher than the outlier threshold (sector C). The lower and outlier thresholds for DRG-1 and DRG-2 were TWD 38,716 and TWD 64,146 and TWD 39,997 and TWD 81,843, respectively (TWD = Taiwan dollars, one US dollar is approximately 30 TWD).ResultsAmong 246 patients, 114 were paid by DRG-1, and 132 were paid by DRG-2. The sex ratio and AC severity were similar between groups, but DRG-2 patients were older and had more comorbidities. In total, 195 of 246 patients (79.3%) underwent LC within one day after admission, and patients with mild AC had shorter hospital stays than those with moderate or severe AC. The complication rate was 7.3%, and there was only one mortality. In total, 105 of 114 patients in DRG-1 and 120 of 132 patients in DRG-2 fell into sector B (the profitable sector). The average margin per patient was 11,032 TWD for DRG-1 and 24,993 TWD for DRG-2.ConclusionsDRGs can be well adopted for acute care surgery. Under such a system, hospitals can still provide efficient and quality medical services without losing profit.Trial registration:None, the current study is not a clinical trail
Catheterization of the subclavian and other central veins. Guidelines
Authors: Sumin S. A. , Kuzkov V. V. , Gorbachev V. I. , Shapovalov Konstantin G.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the main provisions of the recommendations for catheterization of the subclavian and other central veins. Indications and contraindications, main complications, methods of their prevention and timely diagnosis are presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the legal aspects of the decision to perform this medical manipulation, as well as its documentation. Algorithms are given for choosing a central vein for performing a puncture in various clinical situations.
Iron metabolismin conditions of infection. Review
Authors: Orlov Yuriy P. , Govorova N. V. , Lukach V. N. , Baitugaeva G. A. , Klementyev A. V. , Kakulya E. N.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of writing the review. Analysis of publications on the role of iron metabolism in the manifestation of the septic process and the dependence of bacterial flora activity on the conditions of their access to iron.

Methods. More than 200 publications in pubmed, Medline, EMBASE medical literature databases were analyzed between 2000 and 2018 using the search words: iron and infection, iron and sepsis, iron exchange, iron and bacteria — including and available works in domestic (e-library) literature.

Results. The review uses materials from 61 publications that meet the challenges of the search and reflect both the relationship between iron exchange and the development of the septic process and the importance for the medical community of understanding the identified relationships in the search for future therapeutic approaches.

Conclusion. The review provides evidence of direct iron involvement in the manifestation of the septic process caused by various bacterial (q/-) and fungal flora. Introduction of iron-hesing agents and ciderophon — conjugate drugs to infected patients today seems to be a biologically acceptable approach as an auxiliary therapy in the treatment of septic process caused by pathogens dependent on iron supply (many bacterial and fungal pathogens), but the problem that is being raised certainly requires further experimental and clinical research.
Management priorities of tax reform in Ukraine: implementation of international experience
Authors: Turyanskyy Yuriy , Svydruk Irena , Sydorchuk Orystlava , Mitsenko Nataliіa , Klepanchuk Olga
Published: July 2020

The paper proves that the Ukrainian economy’s systematic structural crises stipulated the necessity of choosing the effective forms of tax mechanism for its regulation. Systemic and institutional methods have been used to study the peculiarities of Ukrainian tax regulation. The methods of coefficient and relative values have been used to assess certain parameters of the tax burden. The dynamics of statistical data have been studied by the method of trend analysis. To determine the impact of the current tax system of Ukraine on economic growth, the authors tested several hypotheses about the dependence of the tax system and: GDP (1), industrial production (2), exports (3), investment dynamics (4), and unemployment rate (5) using econometric analysis with the package-statistical module EViews. The existence of a directly proportional relationship between the growth of tax revenues to the budget of Ukraine and the change of certain macroeconomic indicators is substantiated. It was found that the total tax burden on business in Ukraine reaches 41.5% of corporate profits, which exceeds similar indicators in most European countries. A tax regulation mechanism to stabilize the Ukrainian economy is proposed, in particular: proposals to revise tax rates, implement macroeconomic risk management tools, customs post-audit while providing transparency of tax legislation and its harmonization with the EU Customs Code, digitalization of the service component of tax administration.
FARS EDEBİYATINDAKİ HAMSELER
Authors: KASKA Çetin
Published: July 2020

İran ve Türk edebiyatında beş mesneviden oluşan mecmualara hamse adı verilmiş ve hamse yazanlara hamsenüvis denilmiştir. Hamse yazımı ilk önce İran’da başlamıştır. Fars edebiyatında hamse türünün kurucusu şair Nizâmî-i Gencevî’dir. Nizâmî’nin hamsesi “Penc Genc” adıyla da bilinmektedir. Fars edebiyatında Nizâmî’den sonra Emîr Hüsev-i Dihlevî, Hâcû-yı Kirmânî, Abdurrahmân Câmî, Feyzî-i Dekenî ve Kâsımî-i Gunâbâdî gibi şairler hamse yazmıştır. İran’da Sâmânîler ve Gazneliler dönemlerinde “Şâhnâme” yazımı revaçta olduğundan, bu iki dönemde hamse yazılmamıştır. Selçuklular döneminde ortaya çıkan hamse İran’da en çok Safevîler döneminde revaç kazanmıştır. Kaçarlar döneminden sonra hamse yazımı son bulmuştur. Hicri sekizinci yüzyılda Nizâmî tarafından söylenen hamse, hicri on dördüncü yüzyıla kadar İran ve İran kültürünün hâkim olduğu topraklarda hâkimiyetini sürdürmüş ve bu zaman aralığında birçok İranlı, Türk ve Hintli şair Nizâmî’yi taklit ederek mesneviler yazmıştır. Farsça yazılan hamseler Osmanlı dönemi Türk şiirini geniş ölçüde etkilemiştir. Bu makalede Fars edebiyatında hamse yazan elli dokuz şairin hamseleri ele alınmıştır.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire
Authors: Korkut Arife , Citak Karakaya Ilkim , Yenisehir Semiha , Karakaya Mehmet Gurhan
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire into Turkish, and to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire.STUDY DESIGN: Psychometric properties of the Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire, which was developed according to standard scientific translation procedures, were analyzed on 206 volunteer women (31.79±8.79-year-old), after being tested for its comprehensibility and content validity. The participants were questioned about their physical and socio-demographic characteristics, obstetrical-gynecological histories and menstrual states, current medical complaints, and reasons for applying to the clinics. In addition to Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire, they completed the Turkish incontinence quiz, global pelvic floor bother questionnaire, pelvic floor distress inventory-20 and pelvic floor impact questionnaire. Retests were performed on 27 participants, after one week. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of the Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire were investigated. RESULTS: Internal consistencies of the Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire subscales (Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire-UI and Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire-pelvic organ prolapse) were high (Cronbach α=0.754 for both); item-total correlations were 0.127-0.576 and 0.217-0.509, respectively. Also, test-retest reliabilities of the subscales and the overall scale were high (Intraclass correlation coefﬁcient =0.949, 0.911 and 0.878, respectively). Turkish version prolapse and Incontinence knowledge questionnaire scores were highly correlated with incontinence quiz scores and weakly correlated with pelvic floor distress inventory-20 and pelvic floor impact questionnaire-7 scores (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: It was concluded that Turkish version prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool to measure Turkish women’s knowledge and awareness about urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.
Analysis of the performance of a hybrid CPU/GPU 1D2D coupled model for real flood cases
Authors: Echeverribar Isabel , Morales-Hernández Mario , Brufau Pilar , García-Navarro Pilar
Published: July 2020

Coupled 1D2D models emerged as an efficient solution for a two-dimensional (2D) representation of the floodplain combined with a fast one-dimensional (1D) schematization of the main channel. At the same time, high-performance computing (HPC) has appeared as an efficient tool for model acceleration. In this work, a previously validated 1D2D Central Processing Unit (CPU) model is combined with an HPC technique for fast and accurate flood simulation. Due to the speed of 1D schemes, a hybrid CPU/GPU model that runs the 1D main channel on CPU and accelerates the 2D floodplain with a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is presented. Since the data transfer between sub-domains and devices (CPU/GPU) may be the main potential drawback of this architecture, the test cases are selected to carry out a careful time analysis. The results reveal the speed-up dependency on the 2D mesh, the event to be solved and the 1D discretization of the main channel. Additionally, special attention must be paid to the time step size computation shared between sub-models. In spite of the use of a hybrid CPU/GPU implementation, high speed-ups are accomplished in some cases.
REDESCRIPTION OF GAEOLAELAPS DEBILIS (MA) (ACARI: MESOSTIGMATA: LAELAPIDAE), WITH A KEY TO WORLD SPECIES OF GAEOLAELAPS WITH SETAE ST1 OFF STERNAL SHIELD
Authors: Kafi Pouneh , Joharchi Omid , Ostovan Hadi , Gheibi Mehdi
Published: July 2020

Ma (1996) described Gaeolaelaps debilis as a new species from China, being just one female collected from the nest of Daurian ground squirrel, Spermophilus dauricus Brandt (Rodentia: Sciuridae), in the Jilin Province. Then he presented a supplementary description of this species, based on female and deutonymph specimens collected from soil in same province from China (Ma 2004); but they both lack some of the most important details concerning leg chaetotaxy and do not provide enough information for accurate and consistent species identification. In this paper, we redescribe the adult female of G. debilis (Ma, 1996) based on the newly collected specimens from new localities in China, Iran and the Russian Far East. Our work includes the first description of the male of this species. Moreover, a key to the species of Gaeolaelaps with setae st1 off sternal shield is presented.
Komunikowanie człowieka z komputerem – koncepcje nauk społecznych a teologia środków społecznego przekazu
Authors: Kot Mateusz
Published: July 2020

Artykuł ma na celu próbę określenia czy w świetle teologii środków społecznego przekazu można mówić o komunikowaniu człowieka z komputerem. Czy możliwe jest w pełni wartościowe komunikowanie na płaszczyźnie człowiek – maszyna? Aby wziąć udział w dyskusji na ten temat koniecznym wydaje się wykazanie zależności pomiędzy nauczaniem Kościoła w ujęciu technologii i mediów na temat procesu komunikowania a ujęciem sformułowanym przez nauki społeczne i techniczne. Wyniki zostaną ujęte w formie refleksji ukazującej wielopłaszczyznowe ujęcie komunikowania, z których można wyszczególnić główne obszary tj. komunikowanie człowieka z człowiekiem za pośrednictwem komputera, oraz komunikowanie człowieka z komputerem – urządzeniem. Jako punkt wyjściowy do dalszej refleksji zostanie nierozstrzygnięte pytanie: Czy człowiek może komunikować się sam ze sobą używając do tego komputera jako narzędzia komunikacji wewnętrznej i refleksji.
Motyw woli Bożej w Dzienniczku św. Faustyny Kowalskiej
Authors: Komosa Wojciech
Published: July 2020

Wola Boża jest rzadziej przywoływanym przymiotem Bożym niż miłosierdzie. Motyw woli Bożej znalazł jednak swoje miejsce w duchowych zapiskach św. Faustyny Kowalskiej. W Dzienniczku zostało zawarte głębokie bogactwo treści poruszające to teologiczne zagadnienie. Okazuje się, iż siostra Kowalska, nie tylko przekazała orędzie o Bożym miłosierdziu, ale była głęboko zafascynowana wolą Boga. Od najmłodszych lat szukała jej i wiernie ją wypełniała. Dzień po dniu odkrywała jak wielką ma ona wartość i jak koniecznym jest jej poznawanie. Pod okiem Maryi i Jezusa Faustyna przechodziła wszystkie etapy uczenia się woli Bożej, aż do całkowitego zjednoczenia się z nią. Wypełnianie pragnień i postanowień Bożych, bo tak rozumiała ona to pojęcie, stało się dla niej celem jej istnienia. święta z Łagiewnik pojmowała wolę Bożą jako skarb, który został dany ludzkości z powodu wielkiego Bożego miłosierdzia. Apostołka Bożego miłosierdzia odkrywała, że wola Boża musi się pełnić, gdyż Bóg nie może przestać kochać.
Pojęcie światopoglądu ekumenicznego i jego znaczenie dla ekumenizmu
Authors: Kopiec Piotr
Published: July 2020

Na zbiór pojęć organizujących refleksję ekumeniczną składają się takie terminy jak duchowość ekumeniczna, dialog ekumeniczny, ekumeniczny ruch czy też ekumeniczna tożsamości. Rzadko jednak spotyka się z pojęciem światopoglądu ekumenicznego. Jest to o tyle zastanawiające, że pojęcie to zawiera w sobie wewnętrzny potencjał do tego, by pomagać poszczególnym ludziom zaangażowanym w działanie ekumeniczne w świadomej i refleksyjnej identyfikacji z wspólnotą ekumeniczną i jej celami. Artykuł stawia pytanie, jak można określić znaczenie światopoglądu ekumenicznego w świetle interdyscyplinarnej dyskusji nad terminem światopoglądu, dąży również do ustalenia, jak sam ekumenizm kształtuje światopogląd danej osoby. Przeprowadzone w tekście wnioskowanie oparte o prezentację koncepcji światopoglądu oraz jej zestawienie z syntetyczną analizą dokumentów i opracowań opisujących wpływ ekumenizmu na obraz świata pozwala na propozycję zdefiniowania światopoglądu ekumenicznego. Określa się go jako zespół przekonań tworzących całościowy obraz rzeczywistości, których źródłem jest Chrystusa wezwanie do jedności i które określają aktywną postawę jednostki będącej nośnikiem tego światopoglądu wobec Kościoła, chrześcijaństwa i świata.
Internal freedom as a foundation of strength and sovereignty of the nation in the thought of Primate Stefan Wyszyński
Authors: Krzysztofka Łukasz
Published: July 2020

Internal freedom is at the heart of all human freedom. This truth was present in the thought and teaching of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński. The Primate also expressed it through the testimony of his life – a man who will not hesitate to go to prison. The foundation of freedom in Cardinal Wyszyński’s life was faith. He conveyed this truth, teaching that freedom of spirit is constantly gained through living in accordance with the Decalogue and teachings of Jesus, that is, being faithful to God, the Church and the Gospel. The Primate saw the guarantee of internal freedom in the things seemingly opposite – namely in the surrender to slavery. However, in the Primate’s opinion, it was slavery which was giving true freedom – that is, slavery to love, sacrificing for the freedom of the Church to God and His Mother. He said that he wanted to replace this terrible, heavy slavery of modern man with sweet, maternal slavery in Mary’s arms. In this, he saw the salvation of a nation in political enslavement, enslavement to the pressure of atheistic morality, social and economic enslavement, as well as  enslavement to sins and addictions. Cardinal Wyszyński also called for an attitude of service to personal and social life, to serve one another in love, justice and peace. In Cardinal’s conviction, it was the faith in the martyred and resurrected Christ that was a source of special inspiration for Poles, because it taught them that the nation was not allowed to come to terms with its own death, inflicted by the injustice of others, but they should look for ways to resurrection. Freedom is a fundamental condition for the development of a nation. Only an internally free nation is capable of achieving freedom and sovereignty, for it is love that is the true fulfilment of freedom.
Western and Northern Lands as Polish reason of state in the thought and activities of Primate Stefan Wyszyński in the years 1948-1972 (with particular emphasis on archdiocese of Wrocław)
Authors: Kucharski Wojciech
Published: July 2020

Primate Stefan Wyszyński engaged in a series of administrative and diplomatic activities related to the institution of the Polish Church organisation in the Western Lands. In the years 1948-1967 he exercised his authority over the Church in this area. He initially supervised apostolic administrators in Wrocław, Opole, Gorzów Wielkopolski, and in Olsztyn and Gdańsk, and after their removal in 1951 he sanctioned vicar capitulars elected by the state authority to preserved unity of the Church in Poland. In 1956 his attempts resulted in the restoration of the relevant bishops to their posts. In 1967 at his request the Pope Paul VI excluded the Church organisation in the Western Lands from the jurisdiction of Primate of Poland and subordinated it directly to the Holy See, instituting apostolic administrations there. primate repeatedly conducted negotiations with the Holy See in case of the institution of the Polish Church organisation in this area, which ended only after the ratification of the Polish-German treaty in 1972 by the announcement of the apostolic constitution Episcoporum Poloniae coetus. During the entire period Primate repeatedly visited archdiocese of Wrocław and supported the activities of the hierarchs governing this area, initially priest Karol Milik, and subsequently priest Kazimierz Lagosz and since 1956 bishop Bolesław Kominek. Primate Wyszyński repeatedly emphasised the rights of Poland to these lands in his speeches and sermons delivered in Wrocław. He proved that they resulted, on the one hand from their historical embeddedness in the Polish culture (he was referring to the relations of Silesia with Poland in the Piast period), and on the other hand he pointed to the re-Catholising mission of the Church in these lands. He also indicated that these lands are the peculiar compensation for the losses incurred by the Polish nation during the Second World War. He perceived the tasks of the Church in this area during the period of the stabilisation of the Polish Church administration as the Polish reason of state.
Biopolymeric, Nanopatterned, Fibrous Carriers for Wound Healing Applications
Authors: Sharma Ameya , Puri Vivek , Kumar Pradeep , Singh Inderbir
Published: July 2020

Background:

Any sort of wound injury leads to skin integrity and further leads to wound formation.
Millions of deaths are reported every year, which contributes to an economical hamper world widely, this accounts
for 10% of death rate that insight into various diseases.

Current Methodology:

Rapid wound healing plays an important role in effective health care. Wound healing is a
multi-factorial physiological process, which helps in the growth of new tissue to render the body with the imperative
barrier from the external environment. The complexity of this phenomenon makes it prone to several abnormalities.
Wound healing, as a normal biological inherent process occurs in the body, which is reaped through four
highly defined programmed phases, such as hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling and these
phases occur in the proper progression. An overview, types, and classification of wounds along with the stages of
wound healing and various factors affecting wound healing have been discussed systematically. Various biopolymers
are reported for developing nanofibers and microfibers in wound healing, which can be used as a therapeutic
drug delivery for wound healing applications. Biopolymers are relevant for biomedical purposes owing to
biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non- toxicity. Biopolymers such as polysaccharides, proteins and various
gums are used for wound healing applications. Patents and future perspectives have been given in the concluding
part of the manuscript. Overall, applications of biopolymers in the development of fibers and their applications in
wound healing are gaining interest in researchers to develop modified biopolymers and tunable delivery systems
for effective management and care of different types of wounds.
The Effects of Evening-Primrose Oil on Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Christelle Karen , Zulkfili Maryam Mohd , Noor Norhayati Mohd , Draman Nani
Published: July 2020

Background:

Evening primrose oil (EPO) has been a treatment option for reducing menopausal symptoms, but evidence for its use is inadequate.

Objective:

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of EPO in treating menopausal symptoms among peri and postmenopausal women.

Study design:

This is a systematic review with meta-analyses of randomised clinical trials (RCTs).

Methods:

We searched CENTRAL, Medline, Embase and trial registries for relevant RCTs. The methodology and reporting were carried out grounded on references from the Cochrane collaboration and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement. Review Manager version 5.3.5 was used to perform all the statistical analyses.

Results:

Five RCTs, recruiting a total of 402 peri and postmenopausal women were identified. EPO did not reduce the frequency of daily vasomotor symptoms (MD 0.01 episodes, 95% CI -0.54 to 0.57, P=0.960), frequency of daytime hot flash episodes (MD -0.51 episodes, 95% CI -2.05 to 1.03, P=0.510), frequency of night sweat episodes (MD 0.33 episodes, 95% CI -0.48 to 1.13, P=0.430) and severity of vasomotor symptoms (SMD -0.45, 95% CI -1.56 to 0.66, P=0.420) in comparison to control. EPO was associated with a minimal reduction in the severity of overall menopausal symptoms in comparison to control (SMD -1.18; 95% CI-2.18 to -0.18, P=0.02). There were insufficient data to pool results for musculoskeletal symptoms, mood, sexuality, sleeping disorders and quality of life.

Conclusion:

EPO may reduce the severity of overall menopausal symptoms but is not effective to reduce the frequency and severity of vasomotor symptoms. The evidence quality ranged from very low to moderate. Further research is needed to enhance related evidence.
C1 Inhibitor Administration Reduces Local Inflammation and Capillary Leakage, Without Affecting Long-term Wound Healing Parameters, in a Pig Burn Wound Model
Authors: Korkmaz Halil Ibrahim , Ulrich Magda M.W. , Wieringen Wessel N. Van , Doǧan Hatice , Vlig Marcel , Emmens Reindert W. , Meyer Klaas W. , Sinnige Paul , Zeerleder Sacha , Wouters Diana , Ham Marieke S. Van , Zuijlen Paul P.M. Van , Krijnen Paul A.J. , Niessen Hans W.M.
Published: July 2020

Background:

Burns induce a boost in local and systemic complement levels as well as immune cell infiltration in the burn wound, that may negatively affect wound healing.

Objective:

In this study, the effects of long-term treatment with complement inhibitor C1 esterase inhibitor (C1inh) on post-burn inflammation and wound healing parameters were analyzed in time up to 60 days post-burn.

Method:

Burned pigs were treated either with or without C1inh up to 15 days post-burn. Burn wound biopsies and blood were collected at different time points up to 60 days post-burn. Thereafter, complement in blood as well as complement and immune cells in the wound, capillary leakage, necrosis, reepithelialization and wound contraction were quantified.

Results:

No significant differences in complement C3 blood levels were observed at any time point between C1inh-treated and control pigs. In the wound, complement C4 levels were significantly lower in the C1inh group than in controls at day 3-6 and 21-30 post-burn. Similarly, C3 levels, neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in the wound were, although not statistically significant, reduced in C1inh-treated pigs at day 9-14 post-burn. No differences in lymphocyte infiltration in the wound were found between C1inh and control pigs. C1inh-treated pigs also showed reduced capillary leakage. Despite these effects, no significant differences in the long-term wound healing parameters necrosis, reepithelialization and wound contraction were observed between C1inh and control pigs.

Conclusion::

In pigs 15 days of C1inh treatment after burn, leads to a reduction in local inflammation and capillary leakage in the burn wound without affecting long-term wound healing parameters.
Impact and Inescapable Effects of Coronavirus: History to Modern Pandemic Episode
Authors: Ray Suman K. , Meshram Yamini , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: July 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory tract infection causing a pandemic
that emerged in 2019 initially in China involving 13.8% cases with severe, and 6.1% with critical
course and later throughout the globe. Vaccines or antiviral medications are yet to be used to prevent or
treat infections of Human Coronavirus (HCoV). The much-discovered HCoV found in 2003, SARSCOVID-
19, which caused respiratory syndrome, has special pathogenesis as it causes respiratory tract
infection. The coronavirus spike protein's association with its host cell receptor complement is crucial in
deciding the virus infectivity, tissue tropism and species variety. SARS, COVID-19, infects human cells
by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and uses the TMPRSS2 cell protease to
activate it. Lungs are most affected by COVID-19 as host cells are accessed by the virus through ACE2,
which is most abundant in alveolar cells of the lungs. Special attention and efforts should be given in
reducing transmission in vulnerable populations, including infants, health care providers and the elderly.
COVID 19, is the main causative agent of potentially lethal disease and is of significant concern for
global public health and in pandemics which was highlighted in this review.
Hacia una literacidad del fracaso escolar y del abandono temprano desde las voces de adolescentes y jóvenes. Resistencias, «cicatrices» y destinos.
Authors: Santana Bonilla Pablo Joel
Published: July 2020

El libro reseñado presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca del fracaso y el abandono educativo temprano. Se caracteriza por su enfoque cualitativo, que da voz a las adolescentes y jóvenes protagonistas, y que trata de considerar los diversos factores y dimensiones desde la perspectiva de la interseccionalidad. Se plantea que la educación pública debe cumplir su papel como promotora de la justicia y la solidaridad y, sin embargo, advierte que la diferencia y la desigualdad pueden hallar inadvertidamente su caldo de cultivo en la propia democracia.

La lectura del libro puede ser útil a investigadores e investigadoras interesados en la temática, pero también a otras audiencias, como docentes de secundaria o estudiantes en formación inicial para ser docentes de secundaria. Los casos también pueden servir de referencia en cursos de metodología de la investigación educativa.
Metodologias ativas numa escola técnica profissionalizante
Authors: Silva Ederson Carlos , Viana Helena Brandão , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros
Published: July 2020

A quarta revolução industrial tem crescido exponencialmente e visualiza-se através da manufatura aditiva (impressões 3D e 4D), big data, Internet das Coisas – IoT (Internet of Things), sensores inteligentes, realidade aumentada, digitalização, inteligência artificial, robótica colaborativa, dentre outros avanços na chamada Indústria 4.0. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar como a metodologia da Educação 4.0 pode apoiar as estratégias pedagógicas numa escola técnica, oferecendo novos recursos de ensino e prática para formar profissionais para esse advento. Foi realizado um estudo de caso descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, através da implementação de uma metodologia baseada nos fundamentos da Educação 4.0 num curso de mecatrónica numa escola técnica, na disciplina de Robótica, recorrendo à observação participante para descrever os efeitos do novo formato de aplicação das aulas. A Educação 4.0, com as suas metodologias ativas, demonstrou que o aluno participante nessas aulas foi capaz de compreender, identificar, aperfeiçoar e agir dentro da quarta revolução industrial, obtendo as competências necessárias que esse mercado exige. A mudança parece ser inevitável com a Indústria 4.0, inclusive dentro do ambiente educacional, fazendo da Educação 4.0 a palavra de ordem entre os educadores que queiram preparar profissionais eficazes para o mercado de trabalho.
Aprender na era digital: Do currículo para todos ao currículo de cada um
Authors: Viana Joana , Peralta Helena
Published: July 2020

As tecnologias digitais em educação têm vindo a desafiar-nos à reflexão sobre o currículo e sobre a aprendizagem. Será que tendo as tecnologias digitais, e mais concretamente o online, como contexto de aprendizagem (não formalizado), em que cada pessoa pode decidir o que aprender e como aprender, é viável considerar o currículo como referencial enquadrador dessa aprendizagem? Foi isso que nos propusemos investigar. Partindo de uma análise teórica e conceptual sobre o currículo, entendido enquanto conceção, organização e estruturação do processo de aprender, analisam-se as representações que diferentes adultos têm acerca de aprendizagens que realizam em contexto online e as suas conceções gerais sobre o currículo. Os dados empíricos provêm da aplicação de um questionário distribuído online e da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram inquiridas 833 pessoas e entrevistadas sete, todas adultas com um perfil sociodemográfico diverso. Conclui-se que o espaço e o tempo, as estratégias e os intervenientes constituem os componentes do currículo que mais se alteram nestas circunstâncias. Consolida-se a conceção currículo pessoal de aprendizagem, um currículo autónomo, individualizado, cujo desenvolvimento o digital propicia e facilita.
Editorial
Authors: Martinho Maria Helena , Pires Pereira Íris Susana , Fernandes José António
Published: July 2020

Nao se aplica
Estructura y composición florística de la selva mediana subcaducifolia en Hobomó, Campeche, Campeche, México
Authors: Zamora-Crescencio Pedro , Barrientos Medina Roberto Carlos , Plasencia-Vázquez Alexis Herminio , Villegas Pascale , Domínguez-Carrasco María del Rosario , Gutiérrez-Báez Celso , Aguirre-Crespo Francisco Javier , Vargas-Contreras Jorge Albino , Uc-Ruvalcava Samuel , Poot Sarmiento Itzel Guadalupe
Published: July 2020

Se estudió florísticamente la composición y estructura de la selva mediana subcaducifolia en dos sitios del área de Hobomó, Campeche, México. Se seleccionaron dos sitios, en cada uno se delimitaron 10 parcelas de 10 m2 × 10 m2 (1000 m2) y se midieron todos los individuos de ≥ 1 cm de diámetro. El análisis estructural de la selva mediana subcaducifolia se basó en los valores de importancia de las especies. La diversidad se estimó con el índice de Shannon-Wiener (H’). Mediante observaciones y recolectas se detectaron 79 especies de plantas vasculares, pertenecientes a 67 géneros y 30 familias. Las familias más diversas fueron Fabaceae y Rubiaceae en ambos sitios. El género más diverso fue Diospyros, seguido de Coccoloba y Guettarda. La diversidad de especies leñosas en los sitios 1 y 2 fue de 3.68 y 3.59, sus valores de equidad (uniformidad) de acuerdo con el índice de Pielou fueron de 0.88 y 0.87 y su densidad fue de 6610 individuos por hectárea (ind/ha) y 8670 ind/ha, respectivamente. Las tres especies con mayor densidad fueron Malpighia glabra, Guettarda combsii y Lonchocarpus xuul en el sitio 1 y Machaonia lindeniana, Coccoloba cozumelensis y Malpighia glabra en el sitio 2. Los valores más altos de los índices de valor de importancia fueron Bursera simaruba, Lonchocarpus xuul, Guettarda combsii, Platymiscium yucatanum y Malpighia glabra en el sitio 1 y Lysiloma latisiliquum, Bursera simaruba, Vitex gaumeri, Lonchocarpus xuul y Machaonia lindeniana en el sitio 2. Estas especies son las más importantes en la estructura y fisonomía de la comunidad vegetal. Se puede concluir que la riqueza de especies arbóreas de los dos sitios estudiados es similar (sitio 1con 63 spp. y sitio 2 con 62 spp.). La escasez o abundancia de las especies está relacionada con la actividad humana (extracción de madera), la cual afecta la estructura y composición florística.
A Review of Distance Decay Research Trends in Tourism from 2000-2020
Authors: Yee Tan Pei , Ismail Hairul Nizam
Published: July 2020

Distance decay defined as demand or volume decreases exponentially with distance increases. It is a gravity model of human geography that used to understand human behaviours, movements, and tourism flows, particularly in tourism planning and management. Thus, this paper attempts to outline a systematic literature review to provide a comprehensive understanding with different distance decay thematic studied in tourism research from the year 2000 - 2020. The review identified the research focuses with the research scopes studied and contribute to conceptual and theoretical basic understanding.
Keywords: distance decay; sustainable tourism development; science mapping.
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2275
Hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction in left pelvic kidney
Authors: Sizonov V. V. , Shidaev A. Kh-A. , Makarov A. G. , Gorishniaya E. E.
Published: July 2020

The article presents a rare case of hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in the pelvic kidney. The rarity of this anomaly determines the presence of a limited number of publications on this problem in modern literature. For the following reasons, we find the case presented by us interesting. On the one hand, there was an erroneous tactic of monitoring the patient by outpatient specialists and it was based on data from ultrasound (US) alone, ignoring data from ante- and postnatal ultrasound, which noted the presence of a significant dilatation of the pelvis. On the other hand, the revealed dissonance between the large pelvis and the non-dilated calyces, the inability to visualize the expected wide communications between the calyces and the pelvis, which created the illusion of the presence of a pararenal cyst. The patient underwent Lichtenberg pyeloplasty, which has advantages over dissecting pyeloplasty, when the cause of the UPJO, as in our patient, was a high insertion of the ureter with a structurally normal ureteropelvic junction.
Inhibición de la colinesterasa como biomarcador para la vigilancia de población ocupacionalmente expuesta a plaguicidas organofosforados
Authors: Caro-Gamboa Leidy Johanna , Forero-Castro Maribel , Dallo-Báez Alix Eugenia
Published: July 2020

Las colinesterasas son un grupo de enzimas catalíticas, cuya actividad puede verse disminuida por diferentes factores, entre ellos la exposición a plaguicidas organofosforados. Mundialmente se reportan estos plaguicidas como los más utilizados en la producción de cultivos y, por lo tanto, quienes se exponen a través de sus labores a estas sustancias están en alto riesgo de sufrir efectos negativos sobre su salud. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir el uso de la actividad de las enzimas colinesterasas como biomarcadores para vigilar el estado de salud de los trabajadores expuestos a plaguicidas organofosforados. Se consultaron artículos científicos en siete bases de datos en línea, publicados entre el 2003 y el 2019, utilizando los siguientes descriptores: intoxicación por organofosforados, actividad de colinesterasas como biomarcador y determinación de colinesterasa en agricultores. En esta revisión fueron referidos diferentes estudios que dan cuenta de la validez y utilidad del uso de la actividad de colinesterasas como biomarcadores para monitorear poblaciones ocupacionalmente expuestas a plaguicidas organofosforados. La vigilancia ocupacional por medio de las recomendaciones de las guías que previenen las intoxicaciones por plaguicidas se realiza con mayor facilidad en trabajadores agrícolas de empresas que en agricultores informales e independientes. Los estudios demuestran que existen poblaciones que han empezado a darle mayor importancia al seguimiento de los efectos negativos de los organofosforados en la salud de trabajadores expuestos que emplean las colinesterasas como biomarcadores biológicos. Su utilidad mejora cuando se realizan comparaciones con valores preexistentes y en personas sin exposición.