bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Líneas maestras de la normativa del CIC 83 sobre la vida consagrada y algunas cuestiones actuales en esta materia
Authors: González Ayesta Juan
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo recoge la conferencia pronunciada por el autor en un Curso de actualización organizado por la Facultad de Derecho Canónico de la Universidad de Navarra, con ocasión de los 25 años de la promulgación del Código de Derecho Canónico. El autor trata, por una parte, de hacer balance y, por otra parte, de señalar perspectivas, problemas, ámbitos que necesitan de una mayor reflexión y cuestiones abiertas, en el ámbito de la vida consagrada. De acuerdo con esto, el trabajo presenta dos partes bien diferenciadas. En la primera, se pretende mostrar algunas de las claves que presiden la normativa vigente de la parte III del libro II, sobre los institutos de vida consagrada. En la segunda, en cambio, se abordan algunas cuestiones actuales en la materia, que, en opinión del autor, revisten mayor interés: la vinculación de miembros de IVC a movimientos eclesiales, la colaboración de los laicos en los institutos religiosos y, sobre todo, las 'nuevas formas' de vida consagrada (cfr. C. 605 CIC).
El Derecho litúrgico posterior al Código de 1983. Veinticinco años de disposiciones normativas
Authors: Fuentes José Antonio
Published: October 2022

Se consideran los más importantes momentos normativos sobre liturgia desde 1983, agrupándolos en relación con cuatro cuestiones: - definición de bienes eclesiales fundamentales en relación con el bautismo, el orden, la penitencia y la eucaristía; - límites de los derechos fundamentales de los fieles en relación con los sacramentos; - variaciones, adaptaciones y traducciones litúrgicas, así como las diversas competencias de Obispos, Conferencias y Santa Sede; - actuación de laicos en ministerios próximos a los que realizan los clérigos. Necesidad de proclamar, limitar y definir las competencias que corresponden a clérigos y laicos. También se consideran las disposiciones sobre el uso de la liturgia romana anterior al Concilio Vaticano II. Al final del estudio se recoge un elenco amplio de los actos del Romano Pontífice y de la Curia Romana que afectan al Derecho litúrgico desde 1983 a 2008.
La ley sobre las fuentes del Derecho del Estado de la Ciudad del Vaticano
Authors: PP. XVI Benedetto
Published: October 2022

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Effect of the refreshment on the liquid sourdough preparation
Authors: Falciano Aniello , Romano Annalisa , García Almendárez Blanca E. , Regalado-Gónzalez Carlos , Di Pierro Prospero , Masi Paolo
Published: October 2022

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of refreshments on the growth of endogenous microorganisms during liquid sourdough preparation by using an Italian and Mexican wheat flours and its effects on the physico-chemical properties (pH, total titratable acidity, water activity, moisture content and reducing sugars). The liquid sourdoughs were prepared (DY 200) and incubated for 6 days at 20°C. The sourdoughs were refreshed every day and compared with the not-refreshed ones. Preliminary results showed that in the early stages of the microbial growth process, their population was greater in the sourdough made from the Mexican wheat flour than that of the Italian one. However, after 6 days, the microbial population was not significantly different in refreshed or not-refreshed samples for both sourdoughs (Italian and Mexican). Similarly, physicochemical properties did not show significant differences.
Terminological Meanings of Emotion Vocabulary in “The Charter of Prince Vladimir on Tithes, Courts and Church People”
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Dmitrieva Evgeniya
Published: October 2022

The articles considers the processes of terminology formation on the basis of commonly used words by the material of one of the oldest monuments of ancient Russian legislative code "The Charter of Prince Vladimir on Tithes, Courts and Church People". The object of the study is the vocabulary of emotions. By means of component and contextual analysis the author comes to the conclusion that it is causal semantics that provide basis for formation of terminological meaning in the semantic structure of emotives, since the cause or consequence of emotional experience is always something objective – an object, a sign, a process. A semantic shift occurs in the meaning of a language unit when the characteristics of the subject (strashnyj sud, prokljast' / the last judgment, to curse) or the object (obiděti, poobiděti, preobiděti / to offend) change. The ratio of emotive and terminological meanings made it possible to divide the vocabulary of emotions in the "Charter of Prince Vladimir on Tithes, Courts and Church People" into three groups: words used in an emotive meaning; words with a syncretism of emotive and terminological meanings; homonymous terms. The involvement of lexicographic data revealed instability of terminological meanings of emotives in the legal language and their preservation in the church sphere.
Discursive Experiment as a Method of Onym Discourse Actualization
Authors:   Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Pozdnyakova Elena
Published: October 2022

The article presents the description of the methodology of carrying out a discursive experiment as a consecutive study necessary for the expanding of a proper name discourse. Proceeding from the assumption that the proper name actualizes the onym discourse, the author put forward the following model of a discursive experiment: stage 1 – an associative experiment; stage 2 – dialogical text modelling; stage 3 – monological text modelling. The names of urban commercial objects (ergonyms) were selected as the material for the study. This group of onyms was chosen as one of the most frequently used in urban spatial discourse and functioning both in everyday and in institutional discourse. The associative experiment resulted in receiving the reactions, which represent the initial stage of onym discourse expanding. The derivational, paradigmatic and syntagmatic mechanisms were used at this stage. At the second stage, dialogical reactions were received. The communicative models of dialogue composition were conditionally divided into the models of opposition, comparison and dissemination. As a result of the third stage of the experiment, texts were received, mainly of a fantasy nature. The experiment proved that the proper name is not only an abridged text, but a compression of a variety of texts, which has the potential of unfolding in dynamics and creates a kind of discursive field of the onym.
Variability of Vowels of Different Prominence in Various Phrasal Positions
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Batalin Sergey
Published: October 2022

The position of vowels in acoustic space is described using the values of the F1 and F2 formants. The approach is determined by the need to perceptually distinguish neighboring vowels. The area occupied by a specific vowel is described as a combination of microfields with each microfield formed by a set of allophone positions of the vowel in question. The results obtained demonstrate that the variability of the allophone position in the acoustic field can be determined by a number of factors, such as the degree of prominence and vowel position in the phrase. With this aim vowel positioning in the acoustic space in words with neutral and emphatic stress was studied. The speech material for analysis comprised the word 'Stas' embedded in the carrier phrase 'Stas ne byl tihoney' ('Stas was not quiet') with the target word occupying initial, medial and final positions in the phrase; in each position the word was pronounced with neutral and emphatic stress. F1 and F2 values of the sound [a] in the word 'Stas' were extracted with the FFT method using the Praat software. The Student paired t-test was employed to note the significance of difference between the first and second formant frequencies of neutrally and emphatically stressed vowels. The analysis revealed that the vowels uttered with emphatic stress are characterized by an expansion of their acoustic vowel space by moving off the vowel space center. The displacement occurs either through an increase of F1, a decrease of F2, or both. A general trend was observed in the impact of phrasal position on vowel formant frequencies. Though the vowels under neutral stress seemed to display greater response to the phrasal position factor compared to the emphatically stressed ones, noticeable regularities could not be established due to a high intradialectal variability of speakers.
PREDICTIVE MODELING OF INORGANIC 3C-SiC FRICTION MATERIALS USING MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION
Authors: Zhang Yizhan , LeNeave Cortney , Yi Yun-Bo
Published: October 2022

Metallic friction materials currently used in industry may adversely impact the environment. Substitutions for metals in friction materials, on the other hand, can introduce operational safety issues and other unforeseeable problems such as thermal-mechanical instabilities. In this work, a molecular dynamics model has been developed for investigating the effects of material composition, density, and surface asperities on the tribological properties of inorganic 3C-SiC under various contact conditions at the atomic level. Predictions on the following results have been made: (1) elastic modulus, (2) tensile strength, (3) thermal conductivity, and (4) friction coefficient. The research findings can help improve the design of metal-free friction materials against thermal-mechanical failures. Parametric studies were performed by varying a number of conditions including (1) ambient temperature, (2) sliding speed, (3) crystal orientation, (4) asperity size, (5) degree of asperity intersection, (6) types of loading, and (7) surface contact. Plastic deformation and material transfer were successfully modeled between two sliding pairs. Some of the computational results were validated against existing experimental data found in the literature. The evaluation of wear rate was also incorporated. The model can easily be extended to deal with other nonmetallic friction composites.
Electronic seizure diaries for clinical care and research
Authors: Gray Tyler E. , Hirsch Lawrence J. , Quraishi Imran H.
Published: October 2022

Objective. People with epilepsy often record their seizures in diaries. While seizure diaries can be kept using paper and digital notes or calendars, electronic seizure diary services are available on web browsers and mobile apps. Benefits of these electronic diaries include standardized data collection, data backup and protection, long‐term trending, and data accessibility to providers or research groups. The major electronic seizure diary services have not recently been systematically evaluated or compared.

Methods. We evaluated nine electronic seizure diaries selected based on popularity and prevalence in the literature. Diaries were tested from both the user and provider perspectives.

Results. A review of nine commonly used seizure diary services that we could identify showed variability in features offered. All services provide a seizure log with inputs for date and seizure type along with a combination of other features such as duration, intensity, trigger, recovery, mood, and description. Other notable features included in some, but not all diary services are: the ability to track medications, missed doses, sleep, menstrual cycles, and other possible triggers; provider accounts to share data; the ability to report clusters and seizure severity;an option for medication reminders;user‐friendly trending of long‐term data in relation to changes in treatment;and the ability to export data for research.

Significance. Having electronic diaries that allow patients to log seizures quickly and accurately can improve the quantity and quality of data, which can be used both for clinical and research benefit.
Koolen‐de Vries syndrome associated with continuous spike‐wave in sleep
Authors: Khan Afsheen Q. , Coorg Rohini K. , Gill Deepak , Marini Carla , Myers Kenneth A.
Published: October 2022

Koolen‐de Vries syndrome (KdVS) is a genetic condition caused by 17q21.31 microdeletions or pathogenic variants in KANSL1. Affected patients most commonly exhibit some or all of the following: neonatal hypotonia, developmental impairment, facial dysmorphic features, and congenital malformations. Epilepsy occurs in approximately half, often with phenotypes on the epilepsy‐aphasia spectrum. We describe six children with KdVS found to have continuous spike‐wave in sleep (CSWS) on EEG, four of whom were diagnosed with epileptic encephalopathy with CSWS and two with Landau‐Kleffner syndrome. When compared with other children with CSWS on EEG, patients with KdVS may present at slightly later ages and with a longer interval between seizure diagnosis and identification of CSWS. There is no clear best treatment for children with CSWS, but two patients in our cohort were trialed on a variation of the ketogenic diet, and both reported clinical improvement. In one of the patients, the response was dramatic, and CSWS recurred when weaning of the ketogenic diet was attempted. Based on our findings, an EEG capturing a prolonged period of sleep should be arranged in any child with KdVS presenting with developmental regression or plateau, particularly if they have a preceding history of seizures.
Guía de Procedimientos Básicos de Enfermería
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Guerra Naranjo Clara Patricia , Curi Chiluiza Hugo David ,   Hospital General Martín Icaza,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Coles Gavilan Fatima Jhojana ,   Consulting Group Quevedo
Published: October 2022

La Enfermería es una de las profesiones más antiguas dentro del campo de la salud. Su esencia es cuidar y mantener la salud de personas, familia y comunidad, contribuyendo a satisfacer necesidades de atención y bienestar. La necesidad de sus servicios es universal, en su práctica es importante el respeto a la vida, dignidad y derechos del hombre. Es responsable de salvaguardar un medio sano: físico, social y emocional promoviendo calidad de vida. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo contribuir a los valores profesionales fortaleciendo la Ética de la Enfermería, fundamentar los Principios Básicos en su perfil ético, identificar relación enfermera(o)-paciente como cuestión ética, precisar aspectos contenidos en el Código de Ética de la Enfermería y valorar papel del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE) como método ético-científico-profesional. Se concluyó que los aspectos éticos son de gran importancia para la profesión, es vital en atención directa a pacientes el cumplimiento de Principios Básicos como pilar esencial, las enfermeras(os) deben asumir función de defensores de los derechos de pacientes cumpliendo con aspectos éticos en el binomio enfermera(o) –paciente, al aplicar el Proceso se debe tener en cuenta su función de ayudar al paciente brindando información necesaria para toma de decisiones acorde a sus propios valores y posee una trascendental importancia que todas las enfermeras(os) conozcan y estudien el Código y funcionamiento de las Comisiones de Ética.
Perspectivas sobre el aprendizaje colaborativo en clases mediadas por tic como potenciador del aprendizaje de idiomas
Authors: Buitrago García Hilda Clarena
Published: October 2022

Este artículo aboga por la implementación del aprendizaje colaborativo en las clases mediadas por las tic donde se enseña una lengua extranjera. Se realizó un análisis de investigación documental que involucró la revisión de artículos académicos para obtener una comprensión más profunda de este método de instrucción emergente. Se ofrece una descripción de las ventajas que tiene el uso de diferentes tecnologías en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de idiomas y cómo esas tecnologías pueden usarse para proporcionar entornos de aprendizaje colaborativo. Se explican las distinciones entre colaboración y cooperación. Se esbozan las contribuciones teóricas que son centrales para la comprensión del aprendizaje colaborativo. Se describe el aprendizaje colaborativo y sus beneficios. Se encontró que el aprendizaje colaborativo mejora el rendimiento académico a través del desarrollo de una variedad de habilidades sociales y de pensamiento crítico que requieren interacciones significativas y la voluntad de adoptar formas innovadoras de enseñar. Además, también se estableció que el uso de las tic puede aumentar la efectividad de este método de enseñanza ya que se pueden lograr mayores niveles de motivación, creatividad e inclusión.
Erişime Açık Terörizm Veri Kümeleri Kullanarak Makine Öğrenmesi ve Büyük Veri Mimarileri ile Terörle Mücadeleye Yönelik Tahminleme Yaklaşımları
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Fatih , DERELİ Caner , KARAGÖZ Pınar
Published: October 2022

Terör yüzyıllardır insanlığın mücadele içinde bulunduğu bir güvenlik problemi olarak devam etmektedir. Son yıllarda yapay zekâ, makine öğrenmesi ve büyük veri teknolojilerinin gelişmesi ve farklı alanlarda giderek artan kullanımı ile paralel olarak terörle mücadelede de bu teknolojilerinin kullanıldığını görmekteyiz. Bu çalışmada, terörizmle mücadele için makine öğrenmesi ve büyük veri teknolojilerinin kullanımı incelenmiştir. Makalede ilk önce terör konusunda erişime açık veri kaynakları hakkında bilgi sunulmaktadır. Daha sonra literatürde son yıllarda bu veri kaynaklarını kullanan makaleler için yapılan tarama sonucu paylaşılmıştır. Oldukça fazla sayıda makale tespit edilmiş olmakla birlikte bunlardan sadece belirli sayıda çalışma yapay zekâ ve büyük veri teknolojilerinin kullanımına odaklanmıştır. Özellikle bu konulara odaklanan çalışmalar detaylı olarak incelenerek, ele alınan problemler, kullanılan çözüm yaklaşımları ve alınan sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmaktadır.
Development and validation of radiomics machine learning model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Jieqiu , Cao Gaofei , Pang Haowen , Li Jin , Yao Xiaopeng
Published: October 2022

Preoperative identification of axillary lymph node metastasis can play an important role in treatment selection strategy and prognosis evaluation. This study aimed to establish a clinical nomogram based on lymph node images to predict lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. A total of 193 patients with non-specific invasive breast cancer were divided into training (n = 135) and validation set (n = 58). Radiomics features were extracted from lymph node imagesinstead of tumor region, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic algorithm was used to select the extracted features and generate radiomics scores. Then, the important clinical factors and radiomics scores were integrated into a nomogram. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the nomogram, and the clinical benefit of using the nomogram was evaluated by decision curve analysis. We found that clinical N stage and radiomics scores were independent clinical predictors. Besides, the nomogram accurately predicted axillary lymph node metastasis, yielding an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.93-0.98) in the validation set, indicating satisfactory calibration. Decision curve analysis confirmed that the nomogram had higher clinical utility than clinical N stage or radiomics scores alone. Overall, the nomogram based on radiomics features and clinical factors can help radiologists to predict axillary lymph node metastasis preoperatively and provide valuable information for individual treatment.
Post-Surgical Dissection of Fallopian Tubes v1
Authors: Fisher Stephen
Published: October 2022

This protocol describes dissection of the Fallopian tubes in preparation for 10X Visium, 10X Multiomics, pathology review, and biobanking. The Fallopian tubes have an inner mucosa surrounded by a muscular layer that is coated by serosa. When sectioning the Fallopian tube the muscule layer may retract or protrude and distort orientation. This can be addressed by using a stabilizing hand or dissection pins.
Manual Tissue Dissociation for Multiome Analysis v1
Authors: Fisher Stephen
Published: October 2022

This protocol describes dissociation of snap-frozen ovarian tissue in order to isolate nuclei that can be used for downstream analysis. This protocol can also be used on fresh tissue; freezing tissues leads to a slight decrease in viability after tissue thawing and dissociation. We used this protocol on both ovarian and Fallopian tube snap-frozen tissues. This protocol does not aim to isolate intact ovarian follicles and does not attempt to grossly separate ovarian cortex and medulla. Although this protocol details manual tissue dissociation, we have performed automated tissue dissociation using the S2 Singulator with similar results, for both ovarian and Fallopian tube tissue.
Prepare agarose pad for microscopy (2022 iGEM) v1
Authors: Fudan iGEM Team
Published: October 2022

This protocol describe the steps to perform fluorescence microscopy for E. coli
Removal of the Female Reproductive System En Bloc v1
Authors: Fisher Stephen
Published: October 2022

This protocol describes removal of the ovaries, Fallopian tubes, and uterus as a whole from the pelvis.
Acetone extraction of bacteria pellet for HPLC (2022 iGEM) v1
Authors: Fudan iGEM Team
Published: October 2022

Pre-cold acetone is generally used for protein precipitation. Here, we collect the supernatant for membrane lipid analysis.
Post-Surgical Dissection of Ovaries v1
Authors: Fisher Stephen
Published: October 2022

This protocol details dissection of the ovaries in preparation for 10X Visium, 10X Multiomics, pathology review, and biobanking. Care must be taken to systematically divide the ovary and to maintain orientation of the specimens as they are removed using the three points of fixation for the ovary (the uteroovarian ligament, the infundibulopelvic ligament and the mesosalpinx). Once the ovary is isolated it is difficult to discern which aspect of the ovary is superior to the ovary's attachment to the mesosalpinx and which is inferior. Colored marking dyes can be used to help maintain orientation provided they do not interfere with downstream analyses.
ADN PURIFICATION FROM AGAROSE GELS WITH GENELUTE GEL EXTRACTION KIT v1
Authors: Belem García González Ana
Published: October 2022

Protocol for DNA purification from DNA purification from agarose gels with GeneElute Gel Extraction Kit
Assessment of patient safety perception nurses in health system of Bosnia and Herzegovina in COVID period: Descriptive and cross-sectional study
Authors: Lučkin Amina , Pašalić Arzija , Konjo Hadžan , Branković Suada , Jogunčić Anes , Alihodžić Almedina , Mizdrak Alma , Mrkulić Elmedina
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Patient safety depends on a number of factors such as teamwork, working climate, employee satisfaction, work environment, stress awareness, management perception, and attitude. Nurses have a key role to play in protecting and supporting patients, and their assessment serves as a reliable predictor of overall hospital safety. A positive attitude toward patient safety is associated with a significant reduction in complications. The aim of the study was to analyze the perception of nurses about all aspects of patient safety in relation to the workplace and length of service.
Methods: The research included 647 nurses employed in health care institutions at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of health care. A descriptive and cross-sectional study included nurses from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was conducted in the period from November to December 2021, during the COVID pandemic. A standardized questionnaire on the perception of patient safety was used – Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – SAQ.
Results: The analysis of the examined factors in relation to the workplace of the respondents revealed a statistically significant difference in job satisfaction (p < 0.001), as well as in the safety climate at work in relation to the workplace (p = 0.005), working conditions (p < 0.001), and management perception (p < 0.001). Stress levels showed significant differences regarding working position (p = 0.017), but also through the years of service (p = 0.012). Stress was significantly correlated with teamwork (r = 0.124; p = 0.003), showing that better teamwork will help with stress.
Conclusion: The synthesis of concepts that includes patient safety and orientation toward patients should be implemented as a strategic quality orientation and set as a priority of every health care system.
Self-Disclosure on Social Media and Its Influence on the Well-Being of Youth
Authors:   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kasmani Mohd Faizal , Abdul Aziz Abdul Rashid ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Sawai Rezki Perdani ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Published: October 2022

This article investigates how social networking sites (SNS) usage among youth influence their wellbeing. It specifically examines the impacts of SNS from the perspective of information sharing and self-disclosure. The study subjects are students at a vocational institute in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This group was chosen due to their unique and different academic orientations compared to their private and public universities counterparts. Based on a qualitative approach, the study explores the following research objectives based on in-depth online interviews with twenty first-year students: to determine respondents' preferred SNS and how they use them, and how self-disclosure on SNS affects their well-being. The finding found three types of groups concerning the level of self-disclosure and its effect on wellbeing among youth. The first group mainly engages in passive SNS, mostly uses Instagram, and regards SNS as less meaningful but positively influences their lives. The second group engages in active social media usage but only discloses positive aspects of their daily lives. This group mainly uses Facebook and found social media meaningful and positively influenced. The third group is those who use SNS actively and express their happiness and upsetting emotional state on SNS. They are very active on Twitter and find social media very meaningful. This study shows that different individuals apply their strengths and virtues differently on SNS to adapt to different life situations. The findings found that respondents flourish under certain conditions when using SNS regardless of different levels of self-disclosure and SNS usage. Keywords: Social media, wellbeing, youth, usage influence, self-disclosure.
Nursing phenomena in diabetic patients - a cross-sectional study
Authors: De Melo Renata Pereira , Quintino Pereira Mayenne Myrcea , Guimarães Gomes Regina Kelly , De Oliveira Lopes Marcos Venícios
Published: October 2022

Diabetic patients present nursing phenomena scarcely studied in the literature. The aim of this paper was to identify the nursing phenomena, considered health alterations, presented by diabetic patients registered and accompanied in a Basic Unit of Health, with base in the International Classification for Nursing Practice. It is a cross-sectional study developed with 65 diabetic for randomized select accompanied in a basic unit of health. It was analyzed the health condition alteration indicative physiologic phenomena. The nominal data were organized in tables with absolute, percentile frequencies with estimate of the confidence interval of 95%. The numeric variables were analyzed by average difference tests (Student's T). It stood out the phenomena related to sensation functions (100,0%), restoration (66,2%) and circulation (52,3%). In this functions were identified 30 phenomena of different nursing being the ones of larger frequency the Altered vision (80,0%), Hunger (49,2%), Pain (47,7%), Thirst (40,0%), Intermittent sleep (35,4%), Itching (33,8%) and Altered Hearing (26,2%). We were identified statistically significant association between categorized variables glycemia and age (p = 0,007) and between categorized variables glycemia and education (p = 0,007). It was concluded that the main nursing phenomena identified are consequences of the physiologic alterations produced by the elevated glycemia. The visual alterations, hunger, pain and thirst are the most frequent and collaborate for function sensation alterations.
Funding for coronavirus health worker payments
Authors: Bocharova I. Yu. , Rymanov A. Yu.
Published: October 2022

Objective: to conduct an analysis of the channels, the volume of COVID payments to medical workers and assess the preliminary effectiveness of funding for coronavirus health worker payments.

Material and methods. Statistical comparative analysis of data in the field of health care funding was carried out. The assessment of changes in the level of wages of medical workers was performed using the index method and the grouping method. Relative indicators of the structure were used to evaluate the distribution of transfers by region. The study was conducted on the basis of open Rosstat data on the salaries of medical workers.

Results. The regional distribution of transfers was regulated in 2020 by the Federal Government. The main channel for financing COVID payments to medical workers was the allocation of transfers and subsidies. More than half of the funding was accounted for by transfers for incentive payments to health care workers for fulfilling particularly important works. The largest share of allocated transfers fell on the Moscow Region (5.6% of the total volume of transfers), Nizhny Novgorod Region (5.1%), and Saint Petersburg (5.0%), the lowest – on the Republic of Kalmykia, the Republic of Khakassia, the Amur Region (0.2% each), the Nenets Autonomous District (0.1%). Transfers for incentive payments for special working conditions and additional workload were paid in 2020 in a total of 670 thousand persons. Transfers for incentive payments for fulfilling particularly important works were paid in a total of 363 thousand medical workers and 53 thousand ambulance drivers. An assessment of the effectiveness of financing COVID payments in the form of transfers and subsidies showed that it was largely due to them that the medical workers’ mean salary increased.

Conclusion. The distribution of aggregated amounts of transfers between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out until November 2020 on the basis of the number of persons insured under Compulsory Health Insurance program in a corresponding region. In the early months of fighting the pandemic, the use of this aggregate was appropriate.
Block-Chain-Based Vaccine Volunteer Records Secure Storage and Service Structure
Authors: Kiranmayee D. , Shafi Jana , Waheed Amtul , Krishna P. Venkata
Published: October 2022

Accurate and complete vaccine volunteer’s data are one valuable asset for clinical research institutions. Privacy protection and the safe storage of vaccine volunteer’s data are vital concerns during clinical trial services. The advent of block-chain technology fetches an innovative idea to solve this problem. As a hash chain with the features of decentralization, authentication, and resistibility, blockchain-based technology can be used to safely store vaccine volunteer clinical trial data. In this paper, we proposed a safe storage method to control volunteer personal /clinical trial data based on blockchain with storing on cloud. Also, a service structure for sharing data of volunteer’s vaccine clinical trials is defined. Further, volunteer blockchain features are defined and examined. The projected storage and distribution method is independent of any third person and no single person has the complete influence to disturb the processing..
Patterns of historical earthquake rupture in the Iranian Plateau
Authors: Berberian Manuel , Yeats Robert S.
Published: October 2022

The Iranian plateau accommodates the 35 mm/yr convergence rate between the Eurasian and Arabian plates by strike-slip and reverse faults with relatively low slip rates in a zone 1000 km across. Although these faults have only locally been the subject of paleoseismological studies, a rich historical and archeological record spans several thousand years, long enough to establish recurrence intervals of 1000 to 5000 yr on individual fault segments. Several clusters of earthquakes provide evidence of interaction among reverse and strike-slip faults, probably due to adjacent faults being loaded by individual earthquakes. The Dasht-e-Bayaz sequence of 1936 to 1997 includes earthquakes on left-lateral, right-lateral, and reverse faults. The Neyshabur sequence of four earthquakes between 1209 and 1405 respected the segment boundary between the Neyshabur and Binalud reverse fault systems. The two pairs of earthquakes may have ruptured different faults in each segment, similar to the 1971 and 1994 San Fernando, California, earthquakes. The 1978 Tabas reversefault earthquake was preceded by the 1968 Ferdows earthquake, part of the Dasht-e-Bayaz sequence. The North Tabriz fault system ruptured from southeast to northwest in three earthquakes from 1721 to 1786; a previous cluster may have struck this region in 855 to 958. The Mosha fault north of Tehran ruptured in three earthquakes in 958, 1665, and 1830. Five large earthquakes struck the Tehran region from 743 to 1177, but only two that large have struck the area since 1177. Other earthquakes occurred in pairs in the Talesh Mountains near the Caspian Sea (1863, 1896), the Iran-Turkey border (1840, 1843), and the Nayband-Gowk fault system (both in 1981). Other historical events did not occur as parts of sequences.

The historic seismic moment release in Iran accounts for only a small part of the plate convergence rate, which may be due to aseismic slip or to the Iranian historical record, long as it is, being too short to sample long-term deformation across the plateau. No historic earthquakes of M ≧ 8 have struck Iran. However, several long, straight strike-slip faults (Doruneh, West Neh, East Neh, and Nayband) have not sustained large historical earthquakes, raising the possibility that these long faults could produce earthquakes of M ≧ 8, thereby removing at least part of the apparent slip deficit.

An increased understanding of Iran's seismic hazard could be obtained by an extensive paleoseismology program and space-geodetic arrays, supplementing the abundant historical and archaeological record.
Overuse of short-acting β2 -agonists in the Russian population with asthma: the persisting threat
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Voznesenskiy N. A. , Boldina N. V. , Van’kova E. I. , Zaykova-Khelimskaya I. V. , Ignatova G. L. , Kostina N. E. , Kostrova I. V. , Kochegarova E. Yu. , Kulbaisov A. M. , Leshchenko I. V. , Skal’skiy S. V. , Tikhanov D. A.
Published: October 2022

Short-acting β2 -agonists (SABA) overuse is associated with negative outcomes in asthma patients. There is a lack of actual data about patterns of SABA overuse in the Russian population with asthma.

The aim. To investigate patterns of SABA overuse in the Russian population with asthma.

Methods. Data from the Russian population of “SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) III” study were analyzed. SABINA III was a cross-sectional observational study covering 24 countries. Adults and adolescents with a documented diagnosis of asthma for at least 12 months were enrolled in the study. Data on disease characteristics and asthma treatments during previous 12 months were collected using real-time electronic case report forms and were analyzed with methods of descriptive statistics.

Results. Majority of the Russian population (n = 618) consisted of patients with moderate/ severe asthma (78.5%). Asthma was uncontrolled or partly controlled in 70% of patients. SABA over-prescription (≥ 3 canisters per year) was seen in 37% of patients. The frequency of SABA over-prescription was similar in patients with mild (35%) and moderate/severe (38%) asthma. SABA was purchased over-the-counter (OTC) in the past 12 months by 30% of all patients, while 14% purchased ≥ 3 canisters of SABA per year. More than 90% of patients who purchased SABA OTC, already received prescriptions for SABA, of whom 59% were prescribed ≥ 3 canisters per year.

Conclusion. Russia is faced with very high level of SABA overuse. Over-prescription is the main cause for SABA overuse. To reduce SABA overuse, it is necessary to educate both patients and doctors, and actively implement up-to-date asthma treatments.
Сeftazidime/avibactam in the treatment of exacerbation of a chronic respiratory infection in patients with cystic fibrosis: dynamics of clinical, microbiological, and functional parameters
Authors: Amelina E. L. , Krasovskiy S. A. , Melikhov O. G.
Published: October 2022

Multidrug resistance of pulmonary pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) requires new therapeutic solutions.

The aim. To assess the effect of ceftazidime/avibactam (cef/avi) on clinical outcomes of pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis.

Methods. This open single-group observational prospective non-interventional study was conducted in the routine clinical practice settings. Patients over 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CF and an exacerbation of a pulmonary infection were included into the study after physician’s decision to prescribe cef/avi. The examinations were performed at baseline and on Days 5 to 7, 21, and 30.

Results. The analysis included data from 32 patients, 12 (38%) males and 20 (63%) females. The mean age was 31.6 years. Symptoms of exacerbation persisted in 97 % of patients on Days 5 to 7 of therapy and only in 3% at Day 21. FEV1, FVC, SpO2 also improved by Day 21 of the study (all – p < 0.001). By Day 21, proportion of patients with CRP above 10 mg/ml grew from 71 to 9%. The average density of sputum contamination decreased from 7.2 to 5.5 CFU/ml. Quality of life according to Cystic Fibrosis QuestionnaireRevised (CFQ-R) questionnaire also improved.

Conclusion. In patients with CF, exacerbation of lung infection in most cases is caused by multidrug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sometimes in combination with Staphylococcus aureus. Infectious agents (P. aeruginosa) remain highly sensitive to cef/avi (up to 91%) in this population so this justifies the use of cef/avi in treatment of a CF exacerbation. cef/avi administration led to relief of the exacerbation symptoms in 97% CF patients, as well as to significant improvement in spirometry parameters, increase in the oxygenation index, decrease in CRP and density of sputum contamination, and improved the quality of life. cef/avi administration was not associated with lethal outcomes, ICU admission, or serious adverse drug reactions.
The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its role in human health: biotopes and variability
Authors: Starikova E. V. , Galeeva Ju. S. , Ilina E. N.
Published: October 2022

Human respiratory tract is a complex system with a specific microbiological profile. Until recently, researchers were mostly interested in lung microbial communities associated with acute and chronic infections. The upper respiratory tract microbiota has gained attention during COVID-19 pandemic as it was proposed to be one of the factors affecting the course and the outcome of viral infections. The aim. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge about microbial communities in each section of the upper respiratory tract, considering the proposed barrier function of the respiratory microbiome. Conclusion. The facts provided in the first part of this review give a modern perspective on the structure of microbial communities of each part of the upper respiratory tract and factors that affect their variability.
Lung lesions in post-COVID syndrome: Conclusion of the Council of Experts dated April 26, 2022
Authors: Ignatova G. L. , Petukhova A. Yu. , Novikova L. N. , Sereda V. P. , Teplova N. V. , Mubarakshina O. A.
Published: October 2022

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Explaining Destination Countries of Human Trafficking with Factors Relevant to Traffickers
Authors: Boliou Gabrielle Denae
Published: October 2022

Awareness of human trafficking is increasing. This thesis aims to deepen our understanding of why traffickers prefer some countries over others as destination countries for their victims. Existing studies tend to neglect two elements when researching international human trafficking: factors that appeal to traffickers themselves and the significance of the country’s role in the international network as a destination country (rather than a source or transit country). In this thesis, I demonstrate that drug trafficking flows, legalized prostitution, and higher levels of corruption will appeal to traffickers and make countries more likely to be destination countries. I test this using data on human trafficking flows for 83 countries from 2006 to 2010 and find evidence of drug trafficking’s impact, mixed support for my hypothesis concerning prostitution, and limited support for my hypothesis concerning corruption. These findings have important implications for those attempting to combat international human trafficking.
Risk and Uncertainty Regarding Inuit Transportation in the Face of Climate Change
Authors: Brinton Mitchell
Published: October 2022

The evaluation and minimization of risk and uncertainty is an integral part of human decision-making. There are many strategies humans
employ to help manage risk and uncertainty. One kind of strategy that has been important for Homo sapiens involves technological
innovation. For example, the ancestors of contemporary Inuit developed the dogsled which was likely critical to their expansion into, and survival in, the harsh environments of the North American and Greenlandic maritime Arctic. Much like how the automobile replaced the horse, however, snow machines have all but replaced the dog team as the main transportation technology employed by today’s Inuit. Focusing on the Nunavut community of Igloolik, this thesis examines the costs and benefits of dogsleds and snowmobiles through an evolutionary, economic, and social lens. This thesis reports on the results from an agent-based model used to test conditions under which the Inuit of today may or may not continue to use snowmobiles in favor of dogsleds in an increasingly variable climate. Several variables including weather variability, wind speed, hazard susceptibility, hazard avoidance, technology speed, carry weight, and others are tested against harvest rates and likelihood of the need for search and rescue based on ethnographically documented base parameters. The model shows that in highly variable wind conditions, the use of a dogsled results in a higher rate of successful harvests than the use of a snowmobile. This effect occurs in the model because as wind variability increases so does the probability of a snowmobile needing search and rescue. This study is important in that it sheds light on how uncertainty and risk in the Arctic can affect decisions about the acquisition of culturally significant country foods that require hunters to travel on the frozen sea ice.
Determinants of utilization of National Health Insurance Fund cover in public health facilities by public health care workers in Makueni County
Authors: Muia Angeline M. , Njoroge Kezia , Oluoch Musa
Published: October 2022

Background: Robust healthcare funding systems are seen as critical for guaranteeing universal healthcare access. This implies that health services should be adequately accessible to everyone ensuring health situation doesn’t reduce the patient and their family to poverty making analysis of determinants of National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) cover utilization critical.Methods: Descriptive research design was used to study utilization of NHIF cover among health professionals in public hospitals in Makueni County. Stratified random sampling technique was used to sample the facilities across the different levels. The study sample was 291 from a target population of 1183 health professional. The data was collected using structured questionnaires. Statistical package for social science (SPSS version 25) was used to code and analyze the raw data. Pearson's coefficient of correlation and multiple regressions were used to assess the association between determinants and NHIF utilization.Results: The study found and concluded that at the significance level of 95%, alternative insurance covers, perceived quality of health services and NHIF communication strategy significantly influenced utilization of NHIF cover by public health care workers at α=0.05. On the other hand, NHIF scheme characteristic was an insignificant determinant of utilization of NHIF cover among public health care workers in Makueni County.Conclusions: The study concludes alternative insurance covers, NHIF scheme characteristics, perceived quality of health services influenced utilization of NHIF cover and NHIF communication strategy influenced utilization of NHIF cover among health workers.
Retrospective epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 patients in the Department of Radiodiagnosis in M. G. M. Medical College and Associated Hospitals: an audit
Authors: Bhandari Gaurav , Agrawal Simran , Talera Yash
Published: October 2022

Background:  Epidemiological surveillance is the cornerstone for the prevention and control of any pandemic. The purpose of the study was using clinical and radiological data of COVID-19 positive patients to describe the clinical features, risk factors, grading of severity on the basis of chest X-ray and their survival outcome. Methods: A retrospective observational study comprising 9100 COVID-19 positive patients was done in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, M.G.M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital, Indore. Patients' data including demography, clinical findings, vaccination status and imaging findings was collected and assessed in between March 2020 and March 2022. In the descriptive statistical analysis, continuous variables were noted in terms of the mean and standard deviation and nominal variables were noted in terms of percentage.Results: In our study, there were 9100 patients proven with positive COVID-19 disease had abnormal CXRs were detected in 7553 of 9100 patients (83%). In our study, B/L lung involvement (69%) was found to be more with lower lung zone predominance (86.5%) and peripheral predominance opacities (83.7%). The most common finding of chest X-ray pattern is consolidation (65.7%), followed by ground glass opacity (29.0%). Most of the vaccinated patients were found to be in mild category and majority of mild cases didn’t require oxygen support. The chi-square statistic is 79.3372. The result is significant at p<0.05Conclusions: The chest x-ray severity scoring (CXR-SS) system used in this study is a valuable method of disease prognostication in COVID-19. In our study, we found a significant reverse relationship between chest X-ray severity score and oxygen saturation, which has great clinical importance.
PLANEJAMENTO URBANO, INSTRUMENTOS E PRÁTICAS: A VISÃO DA POPULAÇÃO LOCAL NA CIDADE MÉDIA DE MONTES CLAROS-MG, BRASIL.
Authors: França Iara Soares de , Bolay Jean-Claude
Published: October 2022

A cidade é um sistema complexo de indivíduos, objetos, ações, atividades e estrutura física. O planejamento urbano é um campo de grande complexidade quer seja como conceito, método, prática profissional ou discurso. Envolve, ainda, técnicas, processos, práticas, políticas e ideologias. Nessa direção, este artigo analisa a visão da população local sobre os processos de planejamento e gestão urbanos na cidade média de Montes Claros/MG, Brasil. A análise foi realizada a partir dos eixos teóricos: cidade, planejamento urbano, Estado e participação social. Assim, a primeira parte do artigo aborda cidade e planejamento na teoria urbana na realidade contemporânea e o papel do Estado no planejamento urbano, notadamente em cidades de países do Sul. Posteriormente, contextualiza-se a urbanização contemporânea e o planejamento urbano no Brasil. Ao final, apresentam-se os resultados de pesquisa empírica realizada em bairros da cidade média de Montes Claros, considerando diagnósticos, prognósticos, responsabilidades, aspectos positivos e negativos levantados pela população na leitura do espaço em que reside.