bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Akar Bambu, Kacang Hijau, dan Putri Malu untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bintil Akar Kacang Hijau
Authors: Astija Astija , Yulisa Yulisa , Alibasyah Lestari , Febriani Vita Indri
Published: March 2023

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) made from the roots of bamboo, mung bean, and putri embarrassment has not yet been applied to mung bean plants, specifically to determine its effect on the number, diameter, and quality of mung bean root nodules. Therefore, this study aims to explain the effect of PGPR fertilizer from the roots of bamboo, mung bean, and putri embarrassment on the number, diameter, and quality of nodules on mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) root nodules. The study was carried out by experiment, using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 4 treatments, namely: P0 (control) = without PGPR fertilizer; P1 = bamboo root PGPR fertilizer; P2 = green bean root PGPR fertilizer; and P3 = PGPR root shame daughter fertilizer. Each treatment was repeated 6 times. The data obtained was analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) which was processed using the XLSTAT 2020 program. The results showed that the PGPR fertilizer treatment from bamboo roots, mung bean roots, and embarrassed daughter roots was significantly different from the control or without PGPR. Among the three types of PGPR tested, it turned out that the PGPR from the roots of putri embarrassment had the most significant effect on the number of nodules (60.67); nodule diameter (1.91 mm); and absorbance (1.88). From these results, it is recommended that PGPR from the root of the embarrassed daughter be able to significantly increase the quantity and quality of mung bean root nodules.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) sebagai Pewarna Alami Pembuatan Preparat Awetan Jaringan Tumbuhan dalam Praktikum Biologi Sel
Authors: Ode Asmi , Sampulawa Sriyati , Hulopi Fauzia
Published: March 2023

Making preparations for observing cells or tissues in practicum activities requires dyes. In cell biology practicum, especially observation of plant tissue in the Department of Biology Education, FKIP, Ambon University of Darussalam, it is still very limited, because it does not have chemical dyes for making preserved preparations. This is because chemical dyes are quite expensive, unsafe, and will spoil if stored for a long time, so it is very important to make natural dyes as a substitute for synthetic dyes so that the preserved preparations produced are safer, more affordable, and can be used for a long time. which is old. Sources of natural dyes are obtained from plant parts, for example: roots, bark, leaves, fruit, wood, seeds, and flowers. Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) is a natural dye that can be used, because it is relatively cheap, easy to find, non-carcinogenic, and biodegradable. The active pigments in turmeric which can color plant tissue and give it a yellow color are curcuminoids. The aim of this research was to study the utilization of turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) as a natural dye for preparing preserved preparations of plant tissues in cell biology practicum. This type of research is experimental research, which has several stages of research including: observation, preparation, research implementation, and analysis stage. At the data analysis stage, a qualitative descriptive method was used to determine the quality of the preserved preparations. The quality of the preparations in this study was expressed by the percentage of eligibility of ≥ 62.5% or feasible criteria. The results showed that the average percentage of the quality of the preparations that had been validated was 66.96% and 67.85% with proper criteria. This shows that the preserved preparations made are suitable for observing plant tissues in cell biology labs.
Struktur Komunitas Zooplankton dan Fitoplankton di Isi Lambung Ikan Tongkol Komo (Euthynnus affinis)
Authors: Nofitasari Cindy Ayu , Kusuma Pungky Slamet Wisnu , Hariani Dyah
Published: March 2023

Zooplankton and phytoplankton have an ecological function as primary producers in the food chain, so they are often used as a scale for measuring water fertility. The aim of the study was to determine the community structure of zooplankton and phytoplankton in terms of the level of diversity, level of uniformity, and level of dominance in the gastric contents of the Komo Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) caught by fishermen in Lamongan Waters. Sampling of the Komo Tuna fish was carried out from the catches of fishermen in Lamongan Waters. The experimental method was through direct observation of the types of zooplankton and phytoplankton in the gastric contents of the Komo Tuna fish. Analysis of zooplankton and phytoplankton community structure data in the stomach contents of the Tuna Tuna using the diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index approaches. The results showed that the community structure of zooplankton and phytoplankton that had been identified in the gastric contents of the Tuna Tuna was in accordance with life in Lamongan waters indicated by the diversity index value belonging to the medium and low categories, the uniformity index value belonging to the high category, and the dominance index value belonging to the unstable and stable category.
Produksi Bioetanol Limbah Nasi Aking Fermentasi Menggunakan Zymomonas mobilis dengan Perlakuan Konsentrasi Crude Enzim Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Authors: Widyastanti Sekar , Widyaningrum Trianik
Published: March 2023

Bioethanol fuel has the advantage of being more environmentally friendly than petroleum. Bioethanol is made from organic materials containing glucose. Baking rice contains 83.19% (w/w) carbohydrates and 29.70% (w/w) amylose which can be converted into bioethanol through hydrolysis and fermentation stages. This type of research is an experimental research, the initial stage carried out is the hydrolysis stage to obtain reducing sugars using crude Bacillus amyloliquefaciens enzymes with concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15 %, and 17.5% for 6 days. The next step is the fermentation stage to convert reducing sugar into ethanol using Zymomonas mobilis at a concentration of 10% for 4 days. And the final result is the distillation stage and the calculation of bioethanol levels using an alcohol meter. During the hydrolysis and fermentation processes, the sugar content was measured using the DNS (Dinitrosalicylic acid) method and the highest average sugar content was obtained at 10% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration, namely 1.417 g/mL. The highest bioethanol content obtained was 3.03% at 10% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration and the lowest bioethanol content was 0.61% at 0% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration.
Validitas Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Flipped Classroom dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa SMA
Authors: Siburian Jodion , Sihotang Anggun Br , Sadikin Ali
Published: March 2023

Learning devices play an important role in directing the implementation and learning process. Before being used, all learning tools must be properly prepared according to the needs of the implementation of the learning model. The implementation of the flipped classroom learning model is one of the expected learning alternatives and motivates students to learn optimally and expects that student learning outcomes can also increase. Prior to implementation, it is necessary to develop better devices and conduct a feasibility analysis of the developed devices. The research was conducted at SMA N 1 Jambi City. This type of research is descriptive quantitative using data collection techniques in the form of closed questionnaires. The research aspects included syllabus validation, lesson plans, pretest and posttest question sheets, worksheets and student learning motivation questionnaires. Data analysis uses the percentage comparison between the score obtained and the maximum score. The results of the validator's assessment of the syllabus, lesson plans, worksheets, pretest and posttest questions, as well as the student learning motivation questionnaire were 82.25%; 83.25%; 80%; 86% and 86% in the "decent" category. The results of the test questions showed a validity value of 0.78 and a reliability of 0.88 which could mean that the instrument was declared fit for use. The results of the validation stated that all the flipped classroom model learning tools developed could be used in the learning process. The use of flipped classroom learning tools can increase student learning motivation in the experimental class from 73.60 to 91.36 while students' cognitive learning outcomes increase from 28.76 to 91.04.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Hybrid Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi
Authors: Nisa Chairun , Tambunan Efrida Pima Sari , Rambe Riris Nurkholidah
Published: March 2023

Hybrid Learning refers to the learning process that combines or mix among learning process between face-to-face learning and computer-based learning. This Study aims to know the effect of the Hybrid Learning model on the results study on Theory system reproduction at XI grade of MAN Tebing Tinggi. The type of this study is Quasi Experiment with quantitative approach. The sample of this study are the experiment class were consisting of 30 students and controlling class were consisting of 31 students. The Technique of analyzing data collection by using 20 multiple choice test. The Validity of this research instrument obtained by validity test, reliability, difficulty level, and problem differentiator. The Technique of analyzing data by using Test Normality, Test Homogeneity and Test Hypothesis. Studies show tat students taught by applying the Hybrid Learning model have an average 80,83 learning result. Whereas the students taught by applying conventional learning models have an average result of learning 69,67. The conclusion of this study is that the results of the t test calculation show that the t count is 6.52 and the t table is 2.15 p with a significant level of 95 % or = 0.05. Because t count > t table (6,52> 2, 15), then the alternative research hypothesis (Ha)is accepted, which means the hypothesis answered. There is the effect of the Hybrid Learning model on results study students.
Âişe Et-Teymûriyye: Mısır’da Feminist Harekete İlham Veren Türk Bir Şair
Authors: AYYILDIZ Esat
Published: March 2023

Âişe et-Teymûriyye (1256-1320/1840-1902), Mısır’da dünyaya gelen Türk ve Çerkez kökenli bir şair ve nesir yazarıdır. O, aynı zamanda eski Osmanlı çok kültürlülüğünün Mısır’daki son temsilcilerinden biridir. et-Teymûriyye’nin modern Arap edebiyatındaki önemi ise daha ziyade feminizmle olan ilişkisinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Nitekim Âişe Hanım, Mısırlı kadın şair ve yazarların ilham kaynağı ve feminist hareketin gelişiminde önemli bir öncü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. et-Teymûriyye, gerek Arap edebiyatında gerekse çağdaş Arap dünyasında, feminist hareketin canlanmasına, gelişmesine ve saygınlık kazanmasına önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Döneminde feminist fikirlerin gündemde yer bulmasına ve olgunlaşmasına öncülük etmesi, şairi adeta soyut bir fikrin somut bir temsilcisi haline getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, et-Teymûriyye’nin hayatı ve edebî mahsulleri, feminizm bağlamında, bilimsel şekilde tetkik edilmiştir. Onun feminizme bakışında çocukluk yıllarının büyük bir etkisi görüldüğü için, hayatı hakkında bilgilendirme yapılırken yalnızca onun ilk feminist fikirlerine ilham veren hadiselere değinilmesiyle yetinilmiştir. Şairliğinin incelenmesinin ardından, kadın haklarına ilişkin bazı fikirlerini beyan ettiği uzun bir manzumesi Türkçeye tercüme edilerek incelenmiştir.
Prawne aspekty zniszczenia stanowiska archeologicznego Lubrza 39 / Legal aspects of the destruction of the archaeological site Lubrza 39
Authors: Kosowicz Marcin
Published: March 2023

Legal aspects of the destruction of the archaeological site Lubrza 39. The purpose of this article is to describe the legal situation of the late medieval stronghold (motte-and-bailey castle) in Lubrza and to present the legal facets that could have led to the destruction of the valuable monument in the autumn of 2016. The ownership of the archaeological site in question has changed several times over the years. The author describes the legal history of the monument based on the documentation of conservation services and government agencies for the management of agricultural property of the State Treasury. Subsequently the author provides the description of the reaction of conservation services to the information about the destruction of the monument by the current owner and an explanation of the related administrative proceedings. The last part discusses the criminal proceedings and the final court judgment. This text refers critically to the lack of appropriate actions by both the City of Zielona Góra and Lubuskie Voivodeship monument protection officials whose omissions made it possible to carry out the destructive earthworks. It also shows an insufficient involvement of law enforcement agencies to clarify the motifs of the case, which ultimately resulted in an acquittal. In his work, the author clearly indicates and provides evidence that the current owner had full knowledge of the heritage protection policy taken over the property on which he carried out the destructive works.
Późnośredniowieczny materiał ceramiczny / The late medieval pottery
Authors: Kałagate Sławomir
Published: March 2023

The subject of the study is an analysis of fragments of late medieval earthenware obtained during the excavation carried out at the destroyed archaeological site in Lubrza, site 39. A total of 1,185 pottery fragments were recovered, most of them found outside the stratigraphic context. Therefore, this material should be treated as a collection, not as a homogeneous entity. The fragments of pots fired in the reducing atmosphere, often referred to as “gray” or “steel-gray vessels” (group II), strongly prevail (97% of the collection). Less numerous are vessels made of kaolinite or ferruginous clays with a calcium carbonate component and fired in a strongly oxidizing atmosphere to a light yellow, yellow or cream colour (group VB); similarly, much less frequent are products called near-stoneware (Germ. Faststeinzeug) (group VIIB). The discussed ceramic material should be dated quite broadly from the turn of the 13th/14th centuries through the entire 14th century; however, most of the analysed pottery was made during the first half of the 14th century.
Zwierzęce szczątki kostne / Animal remains
Authors: Makowiecki Daniel , Makowiecka Marzena
Published: March 2023

This chapter presents zooarchaeological analysis of 239 animal bone remains retrieved during rescue excavation in Lubrza site 39, in area of motte castle dated to 13th–14th century. They came mainly from domestic mammals, such as cattle, pigs, and small ruminants; bones of a horse and a dog were also observed. Birds were represented only by chicken bones, while not very many game mammals were represented by roe deer, red deer, and wild boar. Comparing all obtained results with similar data for the population of the early medieval settlements of the region, it can be stated that the branches supplying raw animal materials to the examined late medieval defensive seat were almost the same, except for a share of game mammals, which was very low in its kitchen. The inhabitants of the motte-and-bailey castle consumed all parts of the carcass. However, it can be assumed that in the case of beef, brawn was rarely eaten, while the pork headcheese was appreciated. The portions consumed portions of beef, judging by the length of the ribs, averaged approximately 12.1 cm. For portioning, butcher’s cleavers and other very sharp tools were used. One of the essential steps in the dissection of the carcass was to divide it into two parts by cutting both sides of the vertebral bodies. Bone marrow was obtained from bovine feet, as evidenced by the cut ends of the distal metatarsal bones. The meat delivered to the motte-and-bailey castle came mainly from mature, older animals. The cattle belonged to the short, brachycerous breed commonly kept in the Middle Ages. The pig did not differ from other medieval populations in terms of body size. Bones from individuals of about 83 cm of withers height could come from either large pigs or short wild boars.
Protection of trademark property rights in pharmaceuticals. Analysis of judicial practice
Authors: Minchenko Nataliia
Published: March 2023

Keywords: trademarks in the pharmaceutical industry, trademarks ownershipviolations, trademarks protection, case law, trademarks protection cases, invalidationof the trade mark certificate, early termination of the certificate

     The relevance of this article is that the largest number of legal disputes in the sphere of intellectual property are disputes concerning violation of property rights for trademarks. At the same time, in economicproceedings, part of the court cases on the protection of trademark rights in the pharmaceutical industry represents about 40% of the total number of court cases on the protection of rights to trademarks.    The article studies theoretical provisions of protection of trademark rights in the field of pharmaceuticals, as well as practical issues of violations of these rights. Special attention is paid to the analysis of court practice of protection of trademark rights in the field of pharmaceuticals. It has been found that the overwhelming number of cases investigated concerns recognition of the Ukrainian trademark certificateas invalid.     The analysis of judicial practice made it possible to establish the following statistical data in economic proceedings: cases of invalidation of a trademark certificate are 70%; cases on termination of infringement of rights to the trademark are 12%; cases on early termination of the trademark certificate are 15%; other cases on protection of rights to trademarks make 5%.    The article details the legal requirements for each category of court cases. What additional claims are submitted for each category of court cases.

    The case law analysis revealed that courts for the protection of trademark rights in the pharmaceutical industry are most often sued for declaring the Ukraine trademark invalid in whole or in part and for an obligation to act.    In addition, it was found that 70 percent of trademark cases in the pharmaceutical industry resulted in a full or partial award. In civil proceedings it is almost 90 percent. Thus, litigation is a very effective way of protecting trademark rights in the pharmaceutical industry.
Starting and windmilling simulations using compressor and turbine maps
Authors: Joachim Kurzke
Published: March 2023

Starting and windmilling simulations with a normal gas turbine performance program require extended compressor and turbine maps which include sub-idle corrected speeds down to say 5–10% of the design value. During such simulations certain specific phenomena which are insignificant in the normal operating range between idle and full power must be considered. For example, while starting a low bypass ratio mixed flow turbofan, flow reversal in the bypass duct can occur. This paper illustrates a general understanding of what happens from when the starter is activated to when stabilized idle operation is reached. Operating lines in the compressor and turbine maps are predicted depending on starter torque, starter power, burner light-up and starter cut-off speed. It is explained why knowing combustor efficiency precisely is not required for that. Simulating engine starting and windmilling is not a magical art. The laws of physics still apply at these somewhat exotic operating conditions.
Biomechanical comparison of intramedullary nail and plate osteosynthesis for extra-articular proximal tibial fractures with segmental bone defect
Authors: Gao Weihang , Zhao Ke , Guo Yuanyuan , Xie Mao , Feng Xiaobo , Liu Ping , Xie Xin , Fu Dehao
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Proximal tibial fractures are common, but the current available internal fixation strategies remain debatable, especially for comminuted fractures. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical stability of three internal fixation strategies for extra-articular comminuted proximal tibial fractures.

Methods: A total of 90 synthetic tibiae models of simulated proximal tibial fractures with segmental bone defects were randomly divided into three groups: Single lateral plating (LP), double plating (DP) and intramedullary nailing (IN). Based on the different number of fixed screws, the above three groups were further divided into nine subgroups and subjected to axial compression, cyclic loading and static torsional testing.

Results: The subgroup of intramedullary nailing with five proximal interlocking screws showed the highest axial stiffness of 384.36 ± 35.00 N/mm. The LP group obtained the lowest axial stiffness performance with a value of 96.59 ± 16.14 N/mm. As expected, the DP group offered significantly greater biomechanical stability than the LP group, with mean static axial stiffness and mean torque increasing by approximately 200% and 50%, respectively. According to static torsional experiments, the maximum torque of the DP subgroup was 3,308.32 ± 286.21 N mm, which outperformed all other groups in terms of torsional characteristics.

Conclusion: Utilizing more than four distal screws did not provide improved biomechanical stability in the LP or DP groups, while a substantial increase in the biomechanical stability of DP was obtained when an additional medial plate was used. For the intramedullary nailing group, increasing the number of proximal interlocking screws could significantly improve biomechanical stability, and the intramedullary nailing with three proximal interlocking screws had similar static and cyclic stiffness as the DP group. The intramedullary nailing with five proximal screws had better axial stability, whereas DP had better torsional stability.
Mild-temperature photothermal assisted CuSi nanowires for promoting infected wound healing
Authors: Feng Yanping , Wu Mingzhen , Zhang Haidong , Xu He , Li Huili , Chen Dongmin , Jiang Hongyi , Chang Jiang , Dong Zhihong , Yang Chen
Published: March 2023

In clinical practice, the utilization of antibiotics is still the main approach for the treatment of wound contamination, which lacks the ability to accelerate wound healing and arises the global concern of antimicrobial resistance. Plenty of alternative methods have been explored in recent years due to the fast development of material science. Here, CuO/SiO2 nanowires (CuSi NWs) with good near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion ability are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. The as-prepared CuSi NWs possess excellent antibacterial ability against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which could be enhanced by the assistance of mild photothermal therapy (PTT). Moreover, CuSi NWs at suitable concentrations can promote proliferation, migration, and angiogenic gene expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), exhibiting a remarkable pro-vascularization ability. The in vivo mouse infect model further proves that the CuSi NWs might be a good candidate for the treatment of infected wounds as the high antibacterial efficiency and accelerated wound healing is obtained.
Infective endocarditis with anomalous origin of coronary arteries and an abnormal aortic root bulge: A case report
Authors: Yang Guoliang , Lai Xiaoyue , Liang Chunshui , Fan Weijie , Fu Wanlei , Liu Zheng , Xia Hongmei
Published: March 2023

Background

The aortic bulge sign possibly indicates an arterial aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, aortic dissection, or aortic diverticulum. The aortic diverticulum is a congenital abnormality of the aorta, mainly known as an aneurysmal remnant of the dorsal fourth aortic arch or ductus arteriosus. However, the diverticulum of another part of the aorta has rarely been reported.

Case summary

We report a case of a 24-year-old male with a history of oral ulcer presented with recurrent hyperpyrexia and chest pain. Echocardiography and computed tomography showed the anomalous origin of the coronary arteries, aortic valve vegetations, and a bulge at the aortic root. The patient then received a Bentall procedure. The aorta and aortic valves were replaced by a valved conduit. The bulge with a normal arterial wall at the aortic root was considered to be a diverticulum. The infective endocarditis was verified as a secondary oral-derived streptococcal infection. The patient was discharged 15 days after surgery. Post-operative echocardiography had no positive findings.

Conclusion

Our case report highlights the role of multimodal cardiovascular imaging for the diagnostic workup of rare disorders, such as the presence of a diverticulum in the aortic root in a patient with endocarditis and anomalous origin of the right coronary artery.
Quantitative flow ratio-guided versus angiography-guided operation for valve disease accompanying coronary heart disease
Authors: Yan Wenlong , Wang Yangyang , Zheng Xin , Guo Pengfei , Yang Sumin
Published: March 2023

Background

Valve replacement combined with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation (VR + CABG) is usually associated with higher mortality and complication rates. Currently, angiography remains the most commonly used approach to guide CABG. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a quantitative flow ratio (QFR)-guided strategy can improve the clinical outcomes of VR + CABG.

Methods

Patients (n = 536) treated by VR + CABG between January 2018 and December 2021 were retrospectively assessed. In 116 patients, all lesions were revascularized entirely based on QFR (the QFR-guided group), whereas in 420 patients, all lesions were revascularized entirely based on angiography (the angiography-guided group). To minimize selection bias between the 2 groups, propensity score matching was performed at a ratio of 1:2. The primary endpoint of the study was the rate of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 1-year, which was defined as a composite of cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), any repeat revascularization, and stroke.

Results

No statistically significant differences were observed in the baseline clinical characteristics between the QFR-guided and angiography-guided groups after propensity score matching. The mean age of all patients was 66.2 years [standard deviation (SD) = 8.3], 370 (69%) were men, the mean body-mass index of the population was 24.8 kg/m2 (SD = 4.5), 129 (24%) had diabetes, and 229 (43%) had angina symptoms. When compared with the angiography-guided group, the QFR-guided group had a significantly shorter operative time (323 ± 60 min vs. 343 ± 71 min, P = 0.010), extra corporal circulation time (137 ± 38 min vs. 155 ± 62 min, P = 0.004), clamp time (73 ± 19 min vs. 81 ± 18 min, P < 0.001), and less intraoperative bleeding volume (640 ± 148 ml vs. 682 ± 166 ml, P = 0.022). Compared with the angiography-guided group, the 1-year MACCE was significantly lower in the QFR-guided group (6.9% vs. 14.7%, P = 0.036, hazard ratio = 0.455, 95% confidence interval: 0.211–0.982).

Conclusion

Our results raise the hypothesis that among patients who undergo VR + CABG, QFR-guided strategy is associated with optimized surgical procedure and a superior clinical outcome, as evidenced by a lower rate of MACCE at 1-year compared with conventional angiography-guided strategy.
New perspectives in patient education for cardiac surgery using 3D-printing and virtual reality
Authors: Grab Maximilian , Hundertmark Fabian , Thierfelder Nikolaus , Fairchild Matthew , Mela Petra , Hagl Christian , Grefen Linda
Published: March 2023

Background

Preoperative anxiety in cardiac surgery can lead to prolonged hospital stays and negative postoperative outcomes. An improved patient education using 3D models may reduce preoperative anxiety and risks associated with it.

Methods

Patient education was performed with standardized paper-based methods (n = 34), 3D-printed models (n = 34) or virtual reality models (n = 31). Anxiety and procedural understanding were evaluated using questionnaires prior to and after the patient education. Additionally, time spent for the education and overall quality were evaluated among further basic characteristics (age, gender, medical expertise, previous non-cardiac surgery and previously informed patients). Included surgeries were coronary artery bypass graft, surgical aortic valve replacement and thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery.

Results

A significant reduction in anxiety measured by Visual Analog Scale was achieved after patient education with virtual reality models (5.00 to 4.32, Δ-0.68, p < 0.001). Procedural knowledge significantly increased for every group after the patient education while the visualization and satisfaction were best rated for patient education with virtual reality. Patients rated the quality of the patient education using both visualization methods individually [3D and virtual reality (VR) models] higher compared to the control group of conventional paper-sheets (control paper-sheets: 86.32 ± 11.89%, 3D: 94.12 ± 9.25%, p < 0.0095, VR: 92.90 ± 11.01%, p < 0.0412).

Conclusion

Routine patient education with additional 3D models can significantly improve the patients' satisfaction and reduce subjective preoperative anxiety effectively.
Facial recognition lock technology for social care settings: A qualitative evaluation of implementation of facial recognition locks at two residential care sites
Authors: Bradwell H. L. , Edwards K. J. , Baines R. , Page T. , Chatterjee A. , Jones R. B.
Published: March 2023

Background

There is limited literature on security and access for social care settings despite policy highlighting importance, and no published research exploring facial recognition lock technology (FRLT) for potential improvements. This study explored FRLT device implementation, use, barriers and benefits.

Methods

One residential care home with 43 older adults and 68 staff members (Site A), and one supported living facility caring for six individuals with mental health issues with 18 staff members (Site B) were provided with FRLT for six months. Nine pre-implementation staff interviews explored existing access and security perceptions. Ten post-implementation staff interviews and one staff focus group were conducted; all were analysed using content analysis to understand, alongside process mapping, the use and impact of the FRLT. Interview participants included site care staff and other visiting healthcare professionals. We additionally report feedback from the technology developers to demonstrate impact of industry-academia collaboration.

Results

Pre-implementation interviews highlighted issues with current pin-pad or lock-box systems, including; code sharing; code visibility, ineffective code changes, security issues following high staff turnover, lack of efficiency for visitors including NHS staff and lack of infection control suggesting requirement for innovation and improvement. Pre-implementation interviews showed openness and interest in FRLT, although initial queries were raised around cost effectiveness and staff skills. Following implementation, good levels of adoption were achieved with 72% and 100% (49/68 and 18/18) of staff members uploading their face at the two sites, and 100% of residents at Site B using the system (6/6). Additionally, Site B made a positive procurement decision and continues to discuss wider rollout. Post implementation interviews suggested FRLT was useful and acceptable for improving security and access. Benefits identified included staff/visitor time saving, enhanced security, team ease of access, resident autonomy and fewer shared touch points. Integration was suggested including with fire alarm systems, staff clocking in/out, and Covid monitoring to improve usefulness. The developers have since responded to feedback with design iterations.

Conclusion

We identified concerns on security and access in social care settings, which warrant further exploration and research. FRLT could increase resident autonomy and reduce staff burden, particularly considering frequent multi-agency health and care visits.
Identification of altered miRNAs and their targets in placenta accreta
Authors: Murrieta-Coxca José M. , Barth Emanuel , Fuentes-Zacarias Paulina , Gutiérrez-Samudio Ruby N. , Groten Tanja , Gellhaus Alexandra , Köninger Angela , Marz Manja , Markert Udo R. , Morales-Prieto Diana M.
Published: March 2023

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide with increasing incidence. PAS refers to a group of pathological conditions ranging from the abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterus wall to its perforation and, in extreme cases, invasion into surrounding organs. Among them, placenta accreta is characterized by a direct adhesion of the villi to the myometrium without invasion and remains the most common diagnosis of PAS. Here, we identify the potential regulatory miRNA and target networks contributing to placenta accreta development. Using small RNA-Seq followed by RT-PCR confirmation, altered miRNA expression, including that of members of placenta-specific miRNA clusters (e.g., C19MC and C14MC), was identified in placenta accreta samples compared to normal placental tissues. In situ hybridization (ISH) revealed expression of altered miRNAs mostly in trophoblast but also in endothelial cells and this profile was similar among all evaluated degrees of PAS. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses showed enriched pathways dysregulated in PAS associated with cell cycle regulation, inflammation, and invasion. mRNAs of genes associated with cell cycle and inflammation were downregulated in PAS. At the protein level, NF-κB was upregulated while PTEN was downregulated in placenta accreta tissue. The identified miRNAs and their targets are associated with signaling pathways relevant to controlling trophoblast function. Therefore, this study provides miRNA:mRNA associations that could be useful for understanding PAS onset and progression.
Research on the impact of equity incentives on the financial performance of new energy enterprises
Authors: Chen Keyu , Yu Yaguai , Jiang Pengtao , Bao Hanlu , Ni Taohan
Published: March 2023

Based on the data of 253 A-share listed new energy enterprises from 2010–2021, this paper studies the correlations among equity incentives, the three contract elements of equity incentives and the financial performance of new energy enterprises by using fixed-effect regression analysis, and on this basis, Granger causality analysis is applied to determine the causal relationship, and finally, the degree of influence of equity incentives contract elements is further studied by Grey Relational Analysis. It is found that equity incentives positively affect the financial performance of new energy enterprises as a whole. In terms of the choice of equity incentive contract elements, the influence is more significant when the granting method is stock options, when the exercise duration is longer, and when the exercise conditions are stricter. As to the degree of influence, the influence of equity incentive method and exercise conditions on the financial performance of new energy enterprises is greater, but the influence of exercise duration is the lowest. Therefore, it is suggested that new energy enterprises can choose more stock options for equity incentives, create stricter exercise conditions and set the duration of the equity incentive scheme between 5 and 10 years with their own characteristics.
Patterns of care and survival for lung cancer: Results of the European population-based high-resolution study
Authors: Sant Milena , Daidone Caterina , Innos Kaire , Marcos-Gragera Rafael , Vanschoenbeek Katrijn , Barranco Miguel Rodriguez , Poch Ester Oliva , Lillini Roberto ,   The Lung Cancer HR Study Working Group
Published: March 2023

Objectives

To investigate differences in lung cancer (LC) management and survival using data from European population cancer registries.

Methods

We analysed 4,602 lung cancer cases diagnosed in 2010–2013, followed-up to 2019 in five countries. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate the Odds Ratio (OR) of surgery for stages I–II LC or chemo- or radiotherapy for stages III–IV LC. Relative survival (RS) was estimated by the actuarial method; Relative Excess Risk of death (RER), with 95% CI, was calculated by generalized linear models.

Results

Diagnostic work-up was extensive for 65.9% patients (range 57%, Estonia, Portugal - 85% (Belgium). Sixty-six percent of stages I–II patients underwent surgery; compared to non-operated, their adjusted OR decreased with age and was associated with main bronchus cancer (OR vs. lobes 0.25, CI, 0.08–0.82), stage II (OR vs. stage I: 0.42, CI, 0.29–0.60), comorbidity (OR vs. absent: 0.55, CI, 0.33–0.93), country (ORs: Estonia 1.82, CI, 1.28–2.60; Belgium 0.62, CI, 0.42–0.91; Portugal 0.69, CI, 0.52–0.93).

Almost half of stages III–IV patients received chemo- or radiotherapy only; the adjusted OR vs. non receiving decreased with age and was associated with unspecified cancer topography or morphology. The adjusted five-year RER increased with age and stage and was lower for women (0.78, CI, 0.72–0.86), above the reference for main bronchus cancer (1.37, CI, 1.21–1.54) and unspecified morphology (1.17, CI, 1.05–1.30). Surgery carried the lowest mortality (RS 56.9; RER 0.13, CI, 0.11–0.15) with RER above the mean in Estonia (1.20, CI, 1.10–1.30), below it in Portugal (0.88, CI, 0.82–0.93) and Switzerland (0.91, CI, 0.84–0.99). Comorbidity (1.21, CI, 1.09–1.35) and not smoking (0.68, CI, 0.57–0.81) were associated with RER.

Conclusions

The survival benefit of early diagnosis, allowing curative surgery, was evident at the population level. Screening for subjects at risk and adhesion to standard care should be incremented across the EU by funding better equipment and training health personnel.
Novel and recurrent genetic variants of VHL, SDHB, and RET genes in Chinese pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma patients
Authors: Li Chong , Li Jingyi , Han Chao , Wang Ting , Zhang Lixia , Wang Zhifang , Wang Tingting , Xu Lijun , Qi Guangzhao , Qin Guijun , Li Xialian , Zheng Lili
Published: March 2023

Background: Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors arising from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal ganglia, respectively. The study was aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of 22 individuals from six families.

Methods: The medical records of six PPGL probands who presented to our hospital between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively studied. DNA isolated from the probands was analyzed using whole exome sequencing. The identified genetic variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and undergone bioinformatic analysis.

Results: Six different genetic variants in the six probands were identified, respectively, of which three were novel. A novel von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) variant, c.602T>C (p.L201P), in exon 3 was found. Two novel genetic variants in SDHB (succinate dehydrogenases subunit B), c.423 + 1 G>T and c.662A>G (p.D221G), were identified. Two recurrent genetic variants of VHL, c.C284G (p.P95R) and c.558_560AGAdel (p.186Edel), and one in RET (ret proto-oncogene), c.1901G>A (p.C634Y), were also found. The ClinVar accession number for the present variants are SCV002028348, and SCV002028352 to SCV002028361.

Conclusion: Genetic variants in VHL, SDHB and RET were identified in Chinese PPGL patients, which contributed to the knowledge of the genetic etiology and clinical outcome of these tumors.
Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells of donor origin in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients of a T-cell-replete infusion: A prospective observational study
Authors: La Rosa Corinna , Chiuppesi Flavia , Park Yoonsuh , Zhou Qiao , Yang Dongyun , Gendzekhadze Ketevan , Ly Minh , Li Jing , Kaltcheva Teodora , Ortega Francisco Sandra , Gutierrez Miguel-Angel , Ali Haris , Otoukesh Salman , Amanam Idoroenyi , Salhotra Amandeep , Pullarkat Vinod A. , Aldoss Ibrahim , Rosenzweig Michael , Aribi Ahmed M. , Stein Anthony S. , Marcucci Guido , Dadwal Sanjeet Singh , Nakamura Ryotaro , Forman Stephen J. , Al Malki Monzr M. , Diamond Don J.
Published: March 2023

In the current post-pandemic era, recipients of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) deserve special attention. In these vulnerable patients, vaccine effectiveness is reduced by post-transplant immune-suppressive therapy; consequently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) is often associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 adaptive immunity transfer from immune donors to HCT recipients in the context of immunosuppression will help identify optimal timing and vaccination strategies that can provide adequate protection to HCT recipients against infection with evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants. We performed a prospective observational study (NCT04666025 at ClinicalTrials.gov) to longitudinally monitor the transfer of SARS-CoV-2-specific antiviral immunity from HCT donors, who were either vaccinated or had a history of COVID-19, to their recipients via T-cell replete graft. Levels, function, and quality of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses were longitudinally analyzed up to 6 months post-HCT in 14 matched unrelated donor/recipients and four haploidentical donor/recipient pairs. A markedly skewed donor-derived SARS-CoV-2 CD4 T-cell response was measurable in 15 (83%) recipients. It showed a polarized Th1 functional profile, with the prevalence of central memory phenotype subsets. SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ was detectable throughout the observation period, including early post-transplant (day +30). Functionally experienced SARS-CoV-2 Th1-type T cells promptly expanded in two recipients at the time of post-HCT vaccination and in two others who were infected and survived post-transplant COVID-19 infection. Our data suggest that donor-derived SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses are functional in immunosuppressed recipients and may play a critical role in post-HCT vaccine response and protection from the fatal disease.

Clinical trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04666025.
Fibroblast heterogeneity: Keystone of tissue homeostasis and pathology in inflammation and ageing
Authors: Gauthier Vincent , Kyriazi Maria , Nefla Meriam , Pucino Valentina , Raza Karim , Buckley Christopher D. , Alsaleh Ghada
Published: March 2023

Fibroblasts, derived from the embryonic mesenchyme, are a diverse array of cells with roles in development, homeostasis, repair, and disease across tissues. In doing so, fibroblasts maintain micro-environmental homeostasis and create tissue niches by producing a complex extracellular matrix (ECM) including various structural proteins. Although long considered phenotypically homogenous and functionally identical, the emergence of novel technologies such as single cell transcriptomics has allowed the identification of different phenotypic and cellular states to be attributed to fibroblasts, highlighting their role in tissue regulation and inflammation. Therefore, fibroblasts are now recognised as central actors in many diseases, increasing the need to discover new therapies targeting those cells. Herein, we review the phenotypic heterogeneity and functionality of these cells and their roles in health and disease.
Resistance of Argopecten purpuratus scallop larvae to vibriosis is associated with the front-loading of immune genes and enhanced antimicrobial response
Authors: Jeria Eduardo , Oyanedel Daniel , Rojas Rodrigo , Farlora Rodolfo , Lira German , Mercado Ana , Muñoz Katherine , Destoumieux-Garzón Delphine , Brokordt Katherina , Schmitt Paulina
Published: March 2023

Mass mortality events caused by vibriosis have emerged in hatchery-reared scallop larvae from Chile, threatening scallop aquaculture. In an attempt to mitigate this emerging infectious disease and provide candidates for marker-assisted selective breeding, we tested here the existence of a genetic component of Argopecten purpuratus scallop resistance to the pathogen Vibrio bivalvicida. Through a dual RNA-seq approach we analyzed the basal transcriptome and the transcriptional response to infection in two resistant and two susceptible families as well as the pathogen transcriptomic response to host colonization. The results highlighted a genetic basis in the resistance of scallop larvae to the pathogen. The Vibrio response was characterized by a general metabolic adaptation to the host environment, along with several predicted virulence factors overexpressed in infected scallop larvae with no difference between resistant and susceptible host phenotypes. On the host side, several biological processes were enriched in uninfected resistant larvae. Within these enriched categories, immune-related processes were overexpressed, while morphogenesis, biomineral tissue development, and angiogenesis were under expressed. Particularly, genes involved in immune recognition and antimicrobial response, such as lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins (LBPs), lysozyme, and bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI) were overexpressed in uninfected resistant larvae. As expected, immune-related biological processes were enriched in Vibrio-infected larvae, but they were more numerous in resistant larvae. Overexpressed immune genes in response to infection included several Toll-like receptors, TNF and NF-κB immune signaling genes, and the antimicrobial peptide Big defensin ApBD1. Results strongly suggest that both a front-loading of immune genes and an enhanced antimicrobial response to infection contribute to the resistance, while pathogen infective strategy does not discriminate between host phenotypes. Overall, early expression of host immune genes appears as a strong determinant of the disease outcome that could be used in marker-assisted selective breeding.
Antimicrobial resistance and genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae in Venezuela
Authors: Sisco Maria Carolina , Brum Fontes Amanda N. , Lessmann Lucibel Crespo , Rada Elsa , Prado Palacios Yrneh Y. , Vasconcellos Sidra E. G. , de Waard Jacobus H. , Suffys Philip N.
Published: March 2023

Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease that leads to physical disability and social discrimination. The active surveillance of new cases and vigilance for drug resistance can decrease the incidence, and improve the clinical outcomes of people affected by it. We analyzed, with molecular biology techniques, a set of skin biopsy samples from 25 Venezuelan patients. The patients had been diagnosed with leprosy in 2014 and early 2015, and 15 were relapse cases. The samples were tested for molecular drug resistance to dapsone, rifampicin, and fluoroquinolones. In addition, we performed molecular epidemiology analysis through multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing. We did not find evidence of drug resistance and 76% of the samples (n = 16) had isolates belonging to SNP type 3. Genotype profiles allowed us to rule out the possibility of re-infection in a patient with persistent symptoms after treatment, as well as that of household transmission in two more patients. Although our sampling is relatively small, very similar or even identical Mycobacterium leprae genotypes were observed in Miranda State. The presence of this cluster is highly suggestive of high rates of local transmission and, in turn, the need to better control this disease. Finally, the copy number distribution of minisatellite 18–8 in a considerable number of SNP type 3 strains strongly suggests the presence of a sublineage of this disease that is particular to Venezuela.