bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CASE REPORT: COLITIS ULCERATIVE AND ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE INFECTION IN 66 YEARS OLD MAN
Authors: Desyi Desyi Desyi , Wahono Singgih Pudjo
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKUlcerative colitis merupakan peradangan kronis dari colon dengan etiologi pasti yang belum diketahui. Ancylostoma duodenale adalah salah satu jenis cacing tambang yang berinfestasi pada manusia yang dapat mengakibatkan gejala anemia dan malnutrisi. Artikel ini melaporkan kasus pasien laki-laki berusia 66 tahun dengan keluhan utama BAB berdarah. BAB berdarah sejak 2 minggu sebelum masuk RS. BAB dikatakan pasien berdarah, disertai lendir, 5-6 kali per hari. Pasien juga mengeluhkan nyeri perut pada bagian tengah atas. Pada pasien ditemukan konjungtiva anemis bilateral, dan nyeri tekan pada epigastrium. Pada pemeriksaan penunjang ditemukan anemia normokrom normositik dengan normal fecal analysis, ditemukan adanya colitis dan infestasi Ancylostoma duodenale pada kolonoskopi. Hasil fecal analysis yang normal pada infeksi Ancylostoma duodenale bisa disebabkan oleh kemungkinan infeksi awal pada pasien, low infectivity, subjektivitas pemeriksa, sehingga, diperlukan analisis feses dengan perhatian atau teknik khusus.Kata kunci: Ulcerative colitis , Ancylostoma duodenale ABSTRACTUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation in colon with unknown etiology. Ancylostoma duodenale is one of the hookworms that infects human, it can manifest as anemia and malnutrition. This article reported a man 66 years old with bloody stool since 2 weeks before admission. The stool was bloody, with mucous, 5-6 times per day. Patient was also complained about epigastric pain. Physical examination  showed bilateral conjunctival pallor and epigastric tenderness. Laboratory examination showed normochromic normocytic anemia, with normal fecal analysis. Colitis and Ancylostoma duodenale were established in colonoscopy. Normal fecal analysis in this patient maybe due to early infection stage, low infectivity, or examiner subjectivity, so it is suggested with special attention or certain technique of fecal analysis.  Keywords: Ulcerative colitis , Ancylostoma duodenale
THE EXPRESSION OF HER-2 AND GALECTIN-3 IN COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Lesmana Vienna Alodia
Published: March 2021

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer among worldwide. Data from WHO GLOBOCAN in 2018 show there were 1.8 million cases of CRC in the world, with mortality rates 861,000. Histopathology of tumor show 90% of CRC is adenocarcinoma and predominantly in men. Some proteins that are thought to play a role in tumor development are HER2 and Galectin-3. Correlation between expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)  and Galectin-3 with clinicopathology aspect are expected to help determine treatment options. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between expression levels of HER-2 and Galectin-3 in vary clinicopathological aspect of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Cross sectional study was conducted in 40 samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma in dr. Kariadi Central General Hospital from 1st  January 2018 until 31st  December 2018. Samples were analyzed regarding the expression of HER2 and Galectin-3 by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded material. Coexpression of HER-2, Galectin-3 and the clinicopathological parameters (gender, age, location, depth of invasion, lymph nodes metastase, distant metastase and stage) were analyzed using Chi square test and Spearmans correlation test. Positive HER-2 expression was found on 5% of samples, while strong expresion of Galectin-3 was found on 12.5% of samples. There was no significant correlation between HER-2 and Galectin-3 expression and clinicopathology aspect.
Complicaciones obstétricas durante puerperio mediato, en relación a la nueva clasificación de embarazo a término de la ACOG, en el hospital de Vitarte, año 2018
Authors: Montenegro Rivera Eduardo , Arango-Ochante Pedro M.
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre las complicaciones puerperales y la clasificación de Embarazo a Término de la ACOG, en el Hospital de Vitarte, año 2018. Materiales y métodos: El estudio realizado es analítico, retrospectivo de tipo caso y control. La población estudiada estuvo conformada por pacientes con puerperio mediato y que tuvieron alguna complicación durante este lapso. Lo representaron 268 pacientes, con 134 casos y 134 controles con relación de 1:1. La información fue recolectada de las Historias clínicas y estas fueron: edad, grado de instrucción, paridad, N° CPN, RPM, IMC, hemoglobina, embarazo a término, tipo de parto, duración de parto vaginal, uso de oxitócicos, inducción de parto, complicación de T. Parto, ápgar y volumen de sangrado. Resultados: El tipo de complicación puerperal más frecuente fue la Infección puerperal 61,19% seguida de Hemorragia puerperal 30,60%. No hubo asociación estadística entre Embarazo a Término y complicación puerperal. De los factores estudiados el N° CPN insuficientes tuvo 4,5 veces mayor probabilidad de presentar complicación, así como otros factores tales como la multiparidad, el sobrepeso, la anemia y la presencia de complicación durante el parto tuvieron mayor probabilidad de presentar complicación. Conclusiones: Se encontró que no existe asociación significativa entre la clasificación de embarazo en sus diferentes subclasificaciones y la presencia de complicaciones durante puerperio, en términos de desarrollar mayor complicación, generar un tipo en específico de complicación y en un manejo diferenciado entre uno u otra clasificación de E. a término.
Applying Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Improve Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Abdullah Farid Ahmed , Selim Gamal Ibrahim , Khater Hatem Awad A.
Published: March 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a significant regular type of dementia that causes damage in brain cells. Early detection of AD acting as an essential role in global health care due to misdiagnosis and sharing many clinical sets with other types of dementia, and costly monitoring the progression of the disease over time by magnetic reasoning imaging (MRI) with consideration of human error in manual reading. Our proposed model in the first stage, apply the medical dataset to a composite hybrid feature selection (CHFS) to extract new features for select the best features to improve the performance of the classification process due to eliminating obscures. In the second stage, we applied a dataset to a stacked hybrid classification system to combine Jrip and random forest classifiers with six model evaluations as meta-classifier individually to improve the prediction of clinical diagnosis. All experiments conducted on a laptop with an Intel Core i7- 8750H CPU at 2.2 GHz and 16 G of ram running on windows 10 (64 bits). The dataset evaluated using an explorer set of WEKA data mining software for the analysis purpose. The experimental show that the proposed model of (CHFS) feature extraction performs better than proncipal component analysis (PCA), and lead to effectively reduced the false-negative rate with a relatively high overall accuracy with support vector machine (SVM) as meta-classifier of 96.50% compared to 68.83% which is considerably better than the previous state-of-the-art result. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was equal to 95.5%. Also, the experiment on MRI images Kaggle dataset of CNN classification process with 80.21% accuracy result. The results of the proposed model show an accurate classify Alzheimer's clinical samples against MRI neuroimaging for diagnoses AD at a low cost.
Consumo de anime en la población universitaria de Cartagena
Authors: Arias Álvarez Francisco Javier , Robledo Rodríguez Natalia , Cobos Tania Lucía
Published: March 2021

Esta investigación presenta un análisis sobre el consumo de anime en la población universitaria de Cartagena (Colombia). Se encontró que la mayoría de los participantes conciben este tipo de animación japonesa como una guía para su propia vida; se identifican con las historias, protagonistas y los valores de la responsabilidad, perseverancia, espíritu luchador y amistad, que caracterizan a estas producciones.
Análisis de las experiencias de la Red de Microcines de Chaski (Perú) y Wordbytes de Worldwrite de Londres, en el desarrollo del sector audiovisual
Authors: Díaz Cervantes Katherine
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el rol que cumplen las organizaciones audiovisuales “middle ground”. Para conseguirlo, se analizaron los objetivos y estrategias planteadas en los programas formativos: taller de cine comunitario de la Red de Microcines de Chaski de Lima – Perú, y el programa televisivo Wordbytes de Worldwrite de Londres – Inglaterra. En las organizaciones analizadas se reflejan las ciudades creativas en las que están ubicadas; coinciden en la búsqueda del desarrollo de públicos más críticos y creativos.
El discurso godardiano en vivre sa vie (1962)
Authors: Segura Berrío Santiago Andrés
Published: March 2021

Se presenta la reflexión producto de investigación del análisis del film Vivre sa vie (Godard, 1962) el cual se basó en la propuesta de Jacques Aumont y Michell Marie (1990), en las teorías de Bordwell, Burch y Bergala así como en entrevistas a expertos de cinematografía en la ciudad de Medellín. La manera de vivir el cine implica la idea canónica del entretenimiento, para Godard, también involucra la capacidad de construir metáforas e ideas para un espectador reflexivo. Éste director propone un modelo desafiante y transgresor con un discurso collage, que se constituye en desafío mental para el público. En Vivre sa vie, presenta modelos “nuevos” de cinematografía tales como el teatro épico y la narrativa paramétrica, los cuales aportan argumentos renovadores al cine.
Project Based Learning dengan Desain Flipped Classroom Tipe Peer Instruction Flipped untuk Meningkatkan Ketrampilan Berpikir Kritis Dan Literasi Sains
Authors: Bangun Wilyati Agustina , Naphiah Siti
Published: March 2021

The 21st century is an era of globalization in which humans are required to have 21st century skills including critical thinking skills and scientific literacy in order to solve problems and make the right decisions. Both skills must be prepared including biology education students. A number of research reports have shown low levels of both skills in biology students. The solution that can overcome these problems is to apply learning in accordance with the demands of the 21st century, student-centered, collaboration. This study aims to analyze the effect of Project Based Learning with the Peer Instruction Flipped Type Flipped Classroom design on critical thinking skills and scientific literacy. The research subjects were Biology Education students of IKIP Budi Utomo Malang, which consisted of two classes, namely class A which implemented project based learning with the design of the Flipped Classroom, Peer Instruction Flipped, Experiment and Class B, which applied the Flipped Classroom with the Peer Instruction Flipped Type. The research instrument was in the form of pretest-posttest questions, critical thinking skills, and scientific literacy. Data analysis of the total value of each strategy using paired t-test. The results showed that the Flipped Classroom Peer Instruction Flipped Type in improving thinking skills and scientific literacy.
MICRO E MINIGERAÇÃO ATRAVÉS DO SISTEMA FOTOVOLTÁICO
Authors: Oliveira Julio Cesar de , Maria Ricardo Alexandre , Saran Marina Claudia Brustello , Bovério Maria Aparecida , Almada Leandro Momente
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem a finalidade de apresentar uma simulação dos resultados de um estudo de caso realizado em uma residência situada na cidade de Jaboticabal-SP para verificar o consumo de energia em KWh antes e após a implementação das placas fotovoltaicas para geração de energia elétrica através da energia solar. O objetivo geral é pesquisar o custo x benefício da implementação de placas fotovoltaicas. Como metodologia foram adotadas a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e a realização de um estudo de caso. Os resultados indicam que na residência pesquisada, onde foi analisado um payback com fundamento no valor aplicado, o retorno se dará em torno de 4 anos e, por isso, conclui-se que o sistema fotovoltaico é viável a longo prazo e, portanto, confirma-se a hipótese preliminar, pois além do retorno financeiro, também foi possível analisar que o sistema evitará a emissão de 2410 Toneladas de CO2 em 30 anos de uso.
INFLUÊNCIA DA CALIBRAGEM A QUENTE NAS PROPRIEDADES DOS AÇOS USI SAC 350 E ASTM A106 Gr. B.
Authors: Silva Claudemir Alves Da , Santana Ednilson José , Ventura Junior Antônio Carlos Muniz , Bovério Maria Aparecida
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta um estudo de mudança comportamental da microestrutura submetido ao processo de calibragem a quente entre dois tipos de materiais: Aços SAC 350 e ASTM A106 Gr. B, em que os corpos de prova foram submetidos a uma temperatura de 685°C e resfriado rapidamente, e o segundo aquecido e resfriado lentamente. O estudo apresenta as diferenças na metalografia comparadas a um material que não sofreu nenhum aquecimento, sendo submetido o mesmo procedimento aos dois tipos de materiais nas mesmas condições. Após o aquecimento foi realizado o resfriamento de três corpos de prova para cada material, sendo um corpo de prova aquecido e resfriado rapidamente com água, o segundo resfriado ao ar calmo, o terceiro não foi submetido a nenhum aquecimento. Em seguida foi feita a realização dos ensaios de tração, e metalografia para verificação das possíveis variações em suas características e resistência mecânica. Os resultados dos materiais ASTM A106 Gr B e USI SAC 350 indicam que com a presença de aquecimento e um resfriamento rápido em água, o escoamento do material diminui ocasionado pelo ancoramento do carbono e consequentemente a movimentação de discordâncias, fazendo com que a resistência do material aumente e tornando-se a interface elástica - plástica uma região de armazenamento de energia favorecendo assim, a diminuição da transformação dos contornos de grãos e aumentando a resistência aos deslocamentos de planos internos no material.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA CONTROLADORIA PARA O SETOR PÚBLICO COMO APORTE PARA UMA GESTÃO MAIS EFICIENTE
Authors: Paiva Fernanda Helena Cearense , De Souza Josiane Ramos , Ribeiro Rosana , Teixeira Cassia Regina Bianchini , Silva Alessandre
Published: March 2021

A controladoria pública exerce uma atividade econômica, financeira, orçamentária e patrimonial nas esferas da União, Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios. Ela também pode ser entendida como uma ferramenta fundamental para o setor público, reunindo procedimentos e técnicas que buscam auxiliar a gestão pública. O presente trabalho busca investigar como a controladoria pública pode contribuir com uma gestão mais eficiente dos recursos públicos municipais, evidenciando suas vantagens para a sociedade e para os gestores públicos. A metodologia utilizada para atingir o objetivo proposto foi à pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, do tipo descritiva-exploratória, de cunho qualitativo. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas obras didáticas, legislações, artigos científicos, revistas científicas especializadas e bases de dados científicas. Constatou-se ao longo da pesquisa que as empresas públicas que possuem o departamento de controladoria aumentam sua eficiência, melhorando a alocação de recursos, detectando-se um aumento da transparência em relação às decisões do gestor público e também em relação à prestação de contas, possibilitando a toda sociedade obter informações de forma mais clara e objetiva. Conclui-se que a controladoria no setor público é algo relativamente novo, que ainda precisa melhorar e, em muitos casos, a implementação ainda precisa ser concluída. Dentro dos casos de implementação concluídos, os resultados obtidos condizem com os aspectos apontados pela literatura, podendo ser percebida uma melhora nos quesitos gestão, transparência e prestação de contas, o que possibilita a todo e qualquer interessado acesso a informações consolidadas.
INFLUÊNCIA DA UMIDADE DO BAGAÇO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NO SISTEMA DE COGERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA
Authors: Carvalho Alan Henrique Souza , Dos Santos Carlos Alexandre , Farah Solange Pereira dos Santos , Farah Alessandro Fraga
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso das variáveis de processo em uma caldeira de uma termoelétrica, na qual se avalia a as principais perdas energéticas de natureza térmica, bem como seu impacto na cogeração de energia. Procurou-se conhecer as principais causas de perda de eficiência durante o processo de geração de energia em usinas sucroalcooleiras. Para realização deste estudo fez-se uma pesquisa de campo numa indústria do ramo sucroenergético situada no interior do estado de São Paulo, tendo como principais atividades a industrialização de açúcar, álcool e cogeração de energia. Foram analisados dados de uma caldeira industrial cuja umidade encontrada no bagaço da cana-de-açúcar é variável e, portanto, causa uma combustão irregular, impactando na variação da relação de troca térmica na queima e consequentemente, na ineficiência da cogeração. A empresa tem como meta manter a umidade do bagaço em 50% para manter a eficiência energética da caldeira, diante desse contexto, o trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar a relação direta entre a umidade do bagaço e a eficiência energética de produção na cogeração. Os resultados encontrados mostram que as medidas de controle e análise do bagaço final das moendas é de extrema importância, uma vez que há uma relação inversa entre a umidade e eficiência energética, ou seja, o aumento da umidade acarreta uma perda de eficiência na produção de vapor, e consequentemente na produção de energia.
AVALIAÇÃO E IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA ERP
Authors: Farini Alessandra Soares , Bergamo Luciano
Published: March 2021

ERP é o planejamento dos recursos da empresa, onde é possível integrar os dados e processos de todos os departamentos em uma única plataforma agilizando processos e eliminando falhas. A empresa do estudo de caso enfrentava inúmeros problemas com o seu antigo ERP, que não se adequava mais às suas necessidades, apresentava falhas e dificuldades de processamento de dados cada vez maiores. Este ERP funcionava desde 2003 e, com o passar do tempo e a falta de atualização, o ERP tornou-se obsoleto. Surgiu então a preocupação de como a empresa poderia solucionar as falhas apresentadas pelo o antigo sistema. Diante desta situação, a empresa optou em selecionar e implantar um novo ERP. O objetivo do trabalho é estudar o processo de cotação, análise e escolha de um novo ERP que se adequasse ás necessidades da empresa. A metodologia utilizada é o resultado de um estudo de caso, onde buscou-se compreender as decisões tomadas pela organização durante o processo de implantação do ERP escolhido. Com o novo sistema foi possível eliminar falhas nos processos de todos os departamentos e tornou a empresa mais organizada. O novo ERP ofereceu melhorias expressivas na execução dos processos operacionais e passou a oferecer informações precisas para a tomada de decisões.
INVESTIGAÇÕES SOBRE PONTOS DE EQUILÍBRIO DE FUNÇÕES LUCRO POLINOMIAIS DE 4º GRAU GENÉRICA
Authors: Bosquetti Diógenes , Fernandes Alexandre de Souza , Bosquetti Péricles , Maluf Omar , Angeloni Mauricio
Published: March 2021

Os pontos de equilíbrio de uma função lucro descrita por uma função polinomial genérica do 4º grau são determinados. Neste cenário mais realista, efeitos, comportamentos, tendências podem ser previstos com maiores chances de acertos. Casos particulares e de interesse também estão determinados nesse estudo, traçando um panorama e proporcionando instrumento para aplicação em casos reais e de interesse, com a variação do parâmetro sob investigação. Dentre estes casos, destacam-se as equações biquadradas e também os casos em que o interesse comportamental só tem significado para valores positivos do parâmetro. Simulações e exemplos que elucidam o tratamento matemático está apresentado, complementado as explicações e o tratamento matemático realizado.
COMPETÊNCIAS EMERGENTES NA INDÚSTRIA 4.0
Authors: Rodrigues Yasmine Tomasella , Sordan Juliano Endrigo
Published: March 2021

O advento da Indústria 4.0 pode ser compreendido como uma forma de ruptura entre os tradicionais modelos de manufatura e as novas formas como o processo produtivo, o trabalho e suas relações ocorrem. Esse efeito também reflete no mercado de trabalho, com a necessidade de mudança do perfil dos profissionais da indústria. Desse modo, o paradigma da quarta revolução industrial requer novas competências profissionais. Para tanto, é necessário identificá-las a fim de que esses profissionais possam adequar-se às novas demandas produtivas. O presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar as competências essenciais aos profissionais inseridos no contexto da indústria 4.0. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), que selecionou nove artigos específicos sobre o tema de pesquisa, permitindo elencar nove competências emergentes. O estudo destaca como agenda de pesquisa, trabalhos que explorem as competências emergentes no âmbito da Indústria 4.0, relacionando os nove pilares centrais com as competências emergentes.
CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL EM UMA EMPRESA FAMILIAR
Authors: Dos Santos Renan Cláudio , Bueno Fabiana Theodoro de Souza
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho teve como tema de pesquisa a cultura organizacional no contexto de uma empresa familiar e cujo objetivo geral foi averiguar a influência da cultura organizacional em uma empresa familiar. Este tema foi escolhido devido à oportunidade de apresentar o que acontece no ambiente de trabalho com relação à cultura local. A metodologia foi qualitativa, descritiva e um estudo de caso foi utilizado, em que os dados foram coletados por meio de uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado e analisados por meio da análise interpretativa, feito com o Gestor Operacional Corporativo (GOC), escolhido cuidadosamente entre outros, pois possui conhecimento amplo da equipe e dos processos organizacionais da organização, embora não faça parte da família do fundador. Os resultados apontaram que a empresa em estudo neste artigo, a qual será denominada de Empresa X, possui uma cultura forte e que valoriza o colaborador. Conclui-se que a cultura organizacional exerce influência em uma empresa familiar, pois solidifica as características e valores da organização e fortalece na criação da identidade, o que pode garantir vida longa mesmo que o fundador ou alguns membros se afastem da gestão.
ESTUDO DAS PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE EM UMA EMPRESA FAMILIAR DE JABOTICABAL-SP
Authors: Curtolo Larissa de Oliveria , Galli Lesley Carina do Lago Attadia , Galli Rafael Altafin , Caminhas Ana Margarida Theodoro , Prates Glaucia Aparecida
Published: March 2021

A sustentabilidade pode ser um meio estratégico para conter a mortalidade das empresas familiares e torná-las mais competitivas, já que é notável a falta de conhecimento sobre os concetos de sustentabilidade por parte dos negócios familiares. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as práticas de sustentabilidade articuladas por uma empresa familiar de Jaboticabal-SP, tendo como referência o Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE). Para tanto foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada, de caráter descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando como método o estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio das seguintes técnicas: entrevista semiestruturada, análise documental e observação não-participante. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A empresa familiar escolhida para a pesquisa é uma indústria de médio porte, ligada ao setor cerâmico e localizada em Jaboticabal-SP. Em relação aos resultados da pesquisa, observou-se que existe o reconhecimento de que a sustentabilidade é um fator de diferenciação competitiva, no entanto, a empresa tem dificuldades em implantar as práticas de sustentabilidade em função da falta de conhecimentos para a formalização de procedimentos e estabelecimento de indicadores que auxiliem no gerenciamento desse aspecto.
A Systematic Review of Tissue Engineering Scaffold in Tendon Bone Healing in vivo
Authors: Mao Zimu , Fan Baoshi , Wang Xinjie , Huang Ximeng , Guan Jian , Sun Zewen , Xu Bingbing , Yang Meng , Chen Zeyi , Jiang Dong , Yu Jiakuo
Published: March 2021

Background: Tendon-bone healing is an important factor in determining the success of ligament reconstruction. With the development of biomaterials science, the tissue engineering scaffold plays an extremely important role in tendon-bone healing and bone tissue engineering.

Materials and Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science) were systematically searched for relevant and qualitative studies published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2019. Only original articles that met eligibility criteria and evaluated the use of issue engineering scaffold especially biomaterials in tendon bone healing in vivo were selected for analysis.

Results: The search strategy identified 506 articles, and 27 studies were included for full review including two human trials and 25 animal studies. Fifteen studies only used biomaterials like PLGA, collage, PCL, PLA, and PET as scaffolds to repair the tendon-bone defect, on this basis, the rest of the 11 studies using biological interventions like cells or cell factors to enhance the healing. The adverse events hardly ever occurred, and the tendon bone healing with tissue engineering scaffold was effective and superior, which could be enhanced by biological interventions.

Conclusion: Although a number of tissue engineering scaffolds have been developed and applied in tendon bone healing, the researches are mainly focused on animal models which are with limitations in clinical application. Since the efficacy and safety of tissue engineering scaffold has been proved, and can be enhanced by biological interventions, substantial clinical trials remain to be done, continued progress in overcoming current tissue engineering challenges should allow for successful clinical practice.
piRNA-823 Is Involved in Cancer Stem Cell Regulation Through Altering DNA Methylation in Association With Luminal Breast Cancer
Authors: Ding Xin , Li Ya , Lü Jinhui , Zhao Qian , Guo Yuefan , Lu Ziye , Ma Wenjing , Liu Pengfei , Pestell Richard G. , Liang Chunli , Yu Zuoren
Published: March 2021

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be the main source of cancer relapse and metastasis. PIWI-interacting small non-coding RNAs (piRNAs) have been recently recognized to be relevant to cancer biology. Whether and how piRNAs regulate human CSCs remain unknown. Herein, upregulation of piR-823 was identified in tested luminal breast cancer cells, especially in the luminal subtype of breast CSCs. Enforced expression or targeted knockdown of piR-823 demonstrated its oncogenic function in regulating cell proliferation and colony formation in MCF-7 and T-47D breast cancer cells. In addition, piR-823 induced ALDH (+) breast CSC subpopulation promoted the expression of stem cell markers including OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, NANOG, and hTERT, and increased mammosphere formation. Tail vein injection of magnetic nanoparticles carrying anti-piR-823 into the mammary gland of tumor-burdened mice significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) including DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B were demonstrated to be the downstream genes of piR-823, which regulate gene expression by maintaining DNA methylation. piR-823 increased the expression of DNMTs, promoted DNA methylation of gene adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), thereby activating Wnt signaling and inducing cancer cell stemness in the luminal subtype of breast cancer cells. The current study not only revealed a novel mechanism through which piRNAs contribute to tumorigenesis in breast cancer by regulating CSCs, but also provided a therapeutic strategy using non-coding genomes in the suppression of human breast cancer.
The Evolution of the Fed Batch Ethoxylation Reactors to Produce the Non-Ionic Surfactants
Authors: Di Serio Martino , Russo Vincenzo , Santacesaria Elio , Tesser Riccardo
Published: March 2021

The most recent reactor technology to produce non-ionic surfactants via ethoxylation reaction is illustrated in the present work. The most advanced reactors are deeply illustrated for what concerns the working principle and the main performance. In detail, Venturi Loop Reactor (VLR), Spray Tower Loop Reactor (STLR) and Enhanced Loop Reactor (ELR) are depicted, and the related performance compared. ELR shows the highest flexibility, to reach the desired ethoxylation degree, and at the same time good performances comparable with the VLR. Moreover, ELR allows to reach high ethoxylation degree, as in this condition, a good mixing, in the case of high liquid expansion, is difficult to be achieved with the other reactors. Thus, it is possible to work at higher ethoxylation degree respecting safety issues. Finally, a comprehensive model was proposed to describe quantitatively the mentioned reactors. The model is characterized by a general validity and can be easily adapted to each specific reactor configuration.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of High Boron-Loaded Nucleic Acids for BNCT
Authors: Novopashina Darya Sergeevna , Vorobyeva Mariya Alexandrovna , Venyaminova Alya
Published: March 2021

Boron clusters attract considerable attention as promising therapeutic tools for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). They combine high boron content with high chemical and biological stability, biorthogonality, and low toxicity. The development of oligonucleotide-based constructs and nucleic acid-like molecules, such as oligomeric phosphate diesters, bearing one or multiple boron clusters permits to create potential high boron-loaded agents for BNCT with good bioavailability, specifically interacting with nucleic acids inside the cell. Here, we shortly review the strategies and solutions in the design of oligonucleotide conjugates with boron clusters in light of the requirements for effective BNCT and future prospects of their practical use.
Comparison Between Electride Characteristics of Li3@B40 and Li3@C60
Authors: Das Prasenjit , Chattaraj Pratim Kumar
Published: March 2021

Density functional theory (DFT) based computation is performed on the endohedrally encapsulated Li3cluster inside the B40and C60cages namely, Li3@B40and Li3@C60. For both these systems, the Li-Li bond lengths are shorter than that in the free Li3cluster. Due to confinement, the Li-Li vibrational frequencies increase in both the systems as compared to that in the free Li3cluster. Thermodynamically, the formation of these two systems is spontaneous in nature as predicted by the negative values of Gibbs’ free energy changes (ΔG). For both the systems one non-nuclear attractor (NNA) is present on the middle of the Li3cluster which is predicted and confirmed by the electron density analysis. The NNA population and the percentage localization of electron density at the NNA of the Li3@C60system are higher than that in the Li3@B40system. At the NNA the values of the Laplacian of electron density are negative and an electron localization function basin is present at the center of the Li3cluster for localized electrons. Both systems show large values of nonlinear optical properties (NLO). Both the Li3encapsulated endohedral systems behave as electrides. Electrides have low work function and hence have a great potential in catalytic activity toward the activation of small molecules (such as CO2, N2). Even some electrides have greater catalytic activity than some well-studied metal-loaded catalysts. As the systems under study behave as electrides, they have the power to show catalytic activity and can be used in catalyzing the activation of small molecules.
Chloroquine, an Anti-Malaria Drug as Effective Prevention for Hantavirus Infections
Authors: Vergote Valentijn , Laenen Lies , Mols Raf , Augustijns Patrick , Van Ranst Marc , Maes Piet
Published: March 2021

We investigated whether chloroquine can prevent hantavirus infection and diseasein vitroandin vivo, using the Hantaan virus newborn C57BL/6 mice model and the Syrian hamster model for Andes virus.In vitroantiviral experiments were performed using Vero E6 cells, and Old World and New World hantavirus species. Hantavirus RNA was detected using quantitative RT-PCR. For all hantavirus species tested, results indicate that the IC50of chloroquine (mean 10.2 ± 1.43 μM) is significantly lower than the CC50(mean 260 ± 2.52 μM) yielding an overall selectivity index of 25.5. We also investigated the potential of chloroquine to prevent death in newborn mice after Hantaan virus infection and its antiviral effect in the hantavirus Syrian hamster model. For this purpose, C57Bl/6 mother mice were treated subcutaneously with daily doses of chloroquine. Subsequently, 1-day-old suckling mice were inoculated intracerebrally with 5 x 102Hantaan virus particles. In litters of untreated mothers, none of the pups survived challenge. The highest survival rate (72.7% of pups) was found when mother mice were administered a concentration of 10 mg/kg chloroquine. Survival rates declined in a dose-dependent manner, with 47.6% survival when treated with 5 mg/kg chloroquine, and 4.2% when treated with 1 mg/kg chloroquine. Assessing the antiviral therapeutic and prophylactic effect of chloroquine in the Syrian hamster model was done using two different administration routes (intraperitoneally and subcutaneously using an osmotic pump system). Evaluating the prophylactic effect, a delay in onset of disease was noted and for the osmotic pump, 60% survival was observed. Our results show that chloroquine can be highly effective against Hantaan virus infection in newborn mice and against Andes virus in Syrian hamsters.
HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis and Rare Adrenal Involvement: Evidence of Absence or Absence of Evidence
Authors: Nacher Mathieu , Alsibai Kinan Drak , Valdes Audrey , Abboud Philippe , Adenis Antoine , Blaizot Romain , Blanchet Denis , Demar Magalie , Djossou Félix , Epelboin Loïc , Misslin Caroline , Ntab Balthazar , Sabbah Nadia , Couppié Pierre
Published: March 2021

Adrenal histoplasmosis and primary adrenal insufficiency are mostly described in immunocompetent patients. This particular tropism is attributed to the presence of cortisol within the adrenal gland, a privileged niche for Histoplasma growth. In French Guiana, disseminated histoplasmosis is the main opportunistic infection in HIV patients. Our objective was to search in our HIV-histoplasmosis cohorts to determine how frequent adrenal insufficiency was among these patients. Between January 1, 1981 and October 1, 2014, a multicentric retrospective, observational study of histoplasmosis was conducted. Patients co-infected by HIV and histoplasmosis were enrolled in French Guiana’s histoplasmosis and HIV database. Among 349 cases of disseminated histoplasmosis between 1981 and 2014, only 3 had adrenal insufficiency (0.85%). Their respective CD4 counts were 10, 14 and 43 per mm3. All patients had regular electrolyte measurements and 234/349 (67%) had abdominal ultrasonography and 98/349 (28%) had abdominopelvic CT scans. None of these explorations reported adrenal enlargement. Overall, these numbers are far from the 10% reports among living patients and 80-90% among histoplasmosis autopsy series. This suggests 2 conflicting hypotheses: First, apart from acute adrenal failure with high potassium and low sodium, less advanced functional deficiencies, which require specific explorations, may have remained undiagnosed. The second hypothesis is that immunosuppression leads to different tissular responses that are less likely to incapacitate the adrenal function. Furthermore, given the general immunosuppression, the adrenal glands no longer represent a particular niche for Histoplasma proliferation.
Acute Effects of Cocoa Flavanols on Blood Pressure and Peripheral Vascular Reactivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Essential Hypertension: A Protocol for an Acute, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Tanghe Anouk , Celie Bert , Shadid Samyah , Rietzschel Ernst , Op ‘t Roodt Jos , Reesink Koen D. , Heyman Elsa , Calders Patrick
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at high risk to develop vascular complications resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Cocoa flavanols are promising nutraceuticals with possible beneficial vascular effects in humans. However, limited research is currently available on the vascular effects in a diabetic population with inconsistent results. Possible reasons for this inconsistency might be heterogeneity in the given intervention (dose per time and day, single dose vs. split-dose, placebo formula) and the studied population (blood pressure at baseline, duration of diabetes, use of vasoactive antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs, sex). Therefore, we aimed to develop a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over trial to investigate whether cocoa flavanols have an acute impact on blood pressure and vascular reactivity in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without arterial hypertension.

Methods and Analysis: We will include participants in four groups: (i) patients with type 2 diabetes without arterial hypertension, (ii) patients with type 2 diabetes with arterial hypertension and 1 antihypertensive drug, (iii) non-diabetic participants with essential hypertension and 1 antihypertensive drug, and (iv) healthy controls. All participants will complete the same protocol on both testing days, consuming high-flavanol cocoa extract (790 mg flavanols) or placebo. Macrovascular endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) and blood pressure will be measured before and after capsule ingestion. Forearm muscle vasoreactivity (near-infrared spectroscopy) and brachial artery blood flow (echo-doppler) will be assessed in response to a dynamic handgrip exercise test after capsule ingestion. Data will be analyzed with a random intercept model in mixed models.

Clinical Trial Registration:www.Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT03722199.
Methanogens and Their Syntrophic Partners Dominate Zones of Enhanced Magnetic Susceptibility at a Petroleum Contaminated Site
Authors: Beaver Carol L. , Atekwana Estella A. , Bekins Barbara A. , Ntarlagiannis Dimitrios , Slater Lee D. , Rossbach Silvia
Published: March 2021

Geophysical investigations documenting enhanced magnetic susceptibility (MS) within the water table fluctuation zone at hydrocarbon contaminated sites suggest that MS can be used as a proxy for investigating microbial mediated iron reduction during intrinsic bioremediation. Here, we investigated the microbial community composition over a 5-year period at a hydrocarbon-contaminated site that exhibited transient elevated MS responses. Our objective was to determine the key microbial populations in zones of elevated MS. We retrieved sediment cores from the petroleum-contaminated site near Bemidji, MN, United States, and performed MS measurements on these cores. We also characterized the microbial community composition by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing from samples collected along the complete core length. Our spatial and temporal analysis revealed that the microbial community composition was generally stable throughout the period of investigation. In addition, we observed distinct vertical redox zonations extending from the upper vadose zone into the saturated zone. These distinct redox zonations were concomitant with the dominant microbial metabolic processes as follows: (1) the upper vadose zone was dominated by aerobic microbial populations; (2) the lower vadose zone was dominated by methanotrophic populations, iron reducers and iron oxidizers; (3) the smear zone was dominated by iron reducers; and (4) the free product zone was dominated by syntrophic and methanogenic populations. Although the common notion is that high MS values are caused by high magnetite concentrations that can be biotically formed through the activities of iron-reducing bacteria, here we show that the highest magnetic susceptibilities were measured in the free-phase petroleum zone, where a methanogenic community was predominant. This field study may contribute to the emerging knowledge that methanogens can switch their metabolism from methanogenesis to iron reduction with associated magnetite precipitation in hydrocarbon contaminated sediments. Thus, geophysical methods such as MS may help to identify zones where iron cycling/reduction by methanogens is occurring.
The Traverse Ridge Paleoseismic Site and Ruptures Crossing the Boundary Between the Provo and Salt Lake City Segments of the Wasatch Fault Zone, Utah, United States
Authors: Toké Nathan A. , Phillips Joseph , Langevin Christopher , Kleber Emily , DuRoss Christopher B. , Hiscock Adam I. , McDonald Greg N. , Wells Jack D. , Carlson J. Kade , Horns Daniel M.
Published: March 2021

How structural segment boundaries modulate earthquake behavior is an important scientific and societal question, especially for the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ) where urban areas lie along multiple fault segments. The extent to which segment boundaries arrest ruptures, host moderate magnitude earthquakes, or transmit ruptures to adjacent fault segments is critical for understanding seismic hazard. To help address this outstanding issue, we conducted a paleoseismic investigation at the Traverse Ridge paleoseismic site (TR site) along the ∼7-km-long Fort Canyon segment boundary, which links the Provo (59 km) and Salt Lake City (40 km) segments of the WFZ. At the TR site, we logged two trenches which were cut across sub-parallel traces of the fault, separated by ∼175 m. Evidence from these exposures leads us to infer that at least 3 to 4 earthquakes have ruptured across the segment boundary in the Holocene. Radiocarbon dating of soil material developed below and above fault scarp colluvial packages and within a filled fissure constrains the age of the events. The most recent event ruptured the southern fault trace between 0.2 and 0.4 ka, the penultimate event ruptured the northern fault trace between 0.6 and 3.4 ka, and two prior events occurred between 1.4 and 6.2 ka (on the southern fault trace) and 7.2 and 8.1 ka (northern fault trace). Colluvial wedge heights of these events ranged from 0.7 to 1.2 m, indicating the segment boundary experiences surface ruptures with more than 1 m of vertical displacement. Given these estimates, we infer that these events were greater than Mw 6.7, with rupture extending across the entire segment boundary and portions of one or both adjacent fault segments. The Holocene recurrence of events at the TR site is lower than the closest paleoseismic sites at the adjacent fault segment endpoints. The contrasts in recurrence rates observed within 15 km of the Fort Canyon fault segment boundary may be explained conceptually by a leaky segment boundary model which permits spillover events, ruptures centered on the segment boundary, and segmented ruptures. The TR site demonstrates the utility of paleoseismology within segment boundaries which, through corroboration of displacement data, can demonstrate rupture connectivity between fault segments and test the validity of rupture models.
Dooming Phagocyte Responses: Inflammatory Effects of Endogenous Oxidized Phospholipids
Authors: Di Gioia Marco , Zanoni Ivan
Published: March 2021

Endogenous oxidized phospholipids are produced during tissue stress and are responsible for sustaining inflammatory responses in immune as well as non-immune cells. Their local and systemic production and accumulation is associated with the etiology and progression of several inflammatory diseases, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie the biological activities of these oxidized phospholipids remain elusive. Increasing evidence highlights the ability of these stress mediators to modulate cellular metabolism and pro-inflammatory signaling in phagocytes, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and to alter the activation and polarization of these cells. Because these immune cells serve a key role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and organ function, understanding how endogenous oxidized lipids reshape phagocyte biology and function is vital for designing clinical tools and interventions for preventing, slowing down, or resolving chronic inflammatory disorders that are driven by phagocyte dysfunction. Here, we discuss the metabolic and signaling processes elicited by endogenous oxidized lipids and outline new hypotheses and models to elucidate the impact of these lipids on phagocytes and inflammation.
Controversies on Endocrine and Reproductive Effects of Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides: A Mini-Review
Authors: de Araújo-Ramos Anderson Tadeu , Passoni Marcella Tapias , Romano Marco Aurélio , Romano Renata Marino , Martino-Andrade Anderson Joel
Published: March 2021

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are among the most used pesticides worldwide, presenting high potential for human exposure. Recently, a debate was raised on glyphosate risks to human health due to conflicting views over its potential carcinogenic and endocrine disruptive properties. Results from regulatory guideline studies, reports from Regulatory Agencies, and some literature studies point to a lack of endocrine disrupting properties of the active ingredient glyphosate. On the other hand, many in vivo and in vitro studies, using different experimental model systems, have demonstrated that GBHs can disrupt certain hormonal signaling pathways with impacts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and other organ systems. Importantly, several studies showed that technical-grade glyphosate is less toxic than formulated GBHs, indicating that the mixture of the active ingredient and formulants can have cumulative effects on endocrine and reproductive endpoints, which requires special attention from Regulatory Agencies. In this mini-review, we discuss the controversies related to endocrine-disrupting properties of technical-grade glyphosate and GBHs emphasizing the reproductive system and its implications for human health.
Analyzing Information Disclosure in the Chinese Electricity Market
Authors: Jin Luosong , Liu Weidong , Wang Xiangyang , Yu Jing , Zhao Panting
Published: March 2021

Electricity generation relies heavily on fossil fuels in China, and this has posed great challenges for sustainable development. In 2015, China launched a new series of power reforms, aimed primarily at sustainable development and building a competitive power market system, where an information disclosure system plays an important role. This paper analyzes the effects of sensitive information disclosure, constructs different information disclosure scenarios, and compares the market clearing results under different scenarios. The results show that information transparency is conducive to the promotion of market efficiency. However, some problems, especially collusion, arise and inevitably bring negative impacts to the power market. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the content and quality of data transparency to avoid manipulations in the market. The data of power systems are complex and various, and thus big data applications may be conducive to effective information disclosure and better market regulation. Moreover, disclosure delay will help the electricity market become more transparent by reducing the risk of collusion. Besides, the information’s scope and contents, timing should also be taken into consideration. These findings may provide some references for the sustainable development of the electricity industry and have certain policy implications for policymakers.