bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of SMS Reminder Use on Postoperative Breathing and Coughing Exercise Compliance: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kızılcık Özkan Zeynep , Gökce Işıklı Ayşe , Güneş Ayfer
Published: December 2024

Objective: The success of protocols is related to patient compliance. SMS-based interventions increase compliance with protocols in surgical patients and improving patients' clinical participation and satisfaction. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial study was to assess the impact of SMS use on patient satisfaction and adherence to postoperative breathing and coughing exercises in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.
Method: The study included 62 patients who had lobectomies in the thoracic surgery clinic of a university hospital between February 1, 2022, and April 3, 2023. The intervention group was selected as the group that received SMSs.
Results: It was determined that mean number of respiratory exercises on the 4th postoperative day was statiscally significantly higher in the SMS group than in the control group. Similarly, it was determined that the mean number of cough exercises on the 4th postoperative day was significantly higher in the SMS group than the control group. Pain scores were lower in the SMS group than the control group on the fourth postoperative day. In the SMS group, 87.1% of the patients stated that SMS provided an incentive to exercise. The vast majority of patients (87.1%) stated that they were "very satisfied" or "satisfied" with receiving reminder SMS.
Conclusion: The use of SMS increased the adherence of patients following pulmonary lobectomy to postoperative breathing and cough exercises. The majority of patients enjoyed receiving SMS messages, which was discovered to be an incentive for exercising regularly.
The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05915221).
A Study on the Perception of Childhoodness in Silla Society during the High-mound Period
Authors:   Korean Ancient Historical Society, Ha Daeryong
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine how childhoodness was constructed through the burial artifacts and structures in Silla tombs of the High-mound Tomb Period, and to explore the implications of this perception of children in Silla society. Through theoretical review, it was recognized that childhood can be defined as a multidimensional concept, and a comprehensive study of historical literature indicated that the distinction between adults and children was considered to be around the age of 15. Based on osteological data, the analysis was conducted on approximately 110 tombs and around 1,200 burial items from the Three Kingdoms period, focusing on the Imdang A, B, G districts and the Yaean-ri site in Gimhae, where a certain number of children's and adults' tombs could be distinguished.
The results revealed that although jar-coffin tombs have traditionally been regarded as representative of children's burials, in reality, more children were interred in tomb types such as stone-lined and wooden-chamber tombs, which were also used for adults. While children buried in these tombs could be distinguished from adults by the long-axis length of the burial chamber (set at 2m), about half of the children were buried in tombs longer than 2m. Without osteological evidence, distinguishing between adult and child tombs based on the scale of the burial structure, contents, and quantity of burial items alone may be challenging.
It is estimated that children's tombs, including jar-coffin tombs, constituted about 15-34% of the total tombs. However, considering the high child mortality rate at the time, this proportion is relatively low, and most infants under the age of one year appear to have been handled in ways that have not been detected in current findings. Therefore, jar-coffin tombs can be seen as a burial type for only a small portion of child deaths, although the criteria for selection remain unknown.
Ultimately, jar-coffin tombs do not represent the child population, and it is difficult to identify exclusive characteristics unique to children's burials within the broader funerary practices. The reason why the expression of childhood is not prominently emphasized in the extant tomb data is not necessarily indicative of the neglect of childhoodness. Rather, some children were treated as ‘small adults,’ implying that their social membership was acknowledged, and they were interred in a manner equivalent to that of adults.
The Settlement Pattern Changes of Nam-Gang River Area in the Late Bronze Age
Authors:   Korean Ancient Historical Society, Kang Seungho
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on changing the settlement patterns of the Late Bronze Age around Nam-gang River in South Korea. Songguk-ri culture is an important criterion to classify the Early and Late Bronze Age because it includes the whole change of material cultures like houses and potteries. So many discussions about the settlement changes with social complexity have been made.
However, these discussions have mainly been in the southwestern region of Korea, not in the southeastern region. In the southeastern region, it has mainly focused on the typological changes so the settlement changes and various possibilities of social complexity have not clearly been presented.
This paper tries to clarify settlement changes in the southeastern region, especially Nam-gang River Area where Songguk-ri culture started very early. So, it comprehensively analyses the types of the Songguk-ri type houses, associated potteries in the houses, overlapping relationships of the houses and C14 data.
The result of the analyses, most square-shaped and circle-shaped houses are associated with the same internal type, an inner pithole with outer postholes. And the associated potteries in each house types are analyzed that any associated pottery types cannot be specified with any house types. But if the region is divided into two parts, the main stream and the branches, the overlapped houses and C-14 dating data show that the circle-shaped house can occur after square-shaped houses in the branches. So the Late Bronze Age in Nam-gang River area can be divided into two stages. The I-stage is the single stage occurring only square-shaped houses, and the II-stage is the parallel stage which square- shaped houses and circle-shaped houses occurring together.
With GIS analysis, square-shaped houses are mainly settled along the main stream area in the I-stage. Then, circle-shaped houses started to settle in the outskirt area of the settlement in the main stream area and to spread in the new settlements in the branches in the II-stage.
This result is differentiated from the previous studies which have to explain the dramatic changes of settlements and population. Instead, this study shows the development of the settlement and its system. In the second stage of the Late Bronze Age, as the settlement is spread to the branches, the settlement system and social complexity can be advanced simultaneously.
Física y Educación Ambiental; encuentros posibles para la transición energética
Authors: Loza Pedrozo Santiago , Torres Far´fán Caroll Andrea , Valderrama Daniel Alejandro
Published: December 2024

This study scrutinises the interplay between physics education and renewable energy within current academic literature, adopting a systematic review to analyse texts spanning from 1998 to 2023. A pronounced emphasis on renewable energies reflects an integrative research focus, while 'Environmental Physics' stands out as the primary discipline, highlighting academia's engagement with challenges like climate change. The substantial presence of 'Solar Energy' corresponds to advances in photovoltaic technology and its global applicability. Dominant socio-constructivist approaches in pedagogy foster in-depth, reflective learning. Inclusion of ICT and PBL points to a shift towards interactive educational techniques. The study underscores interdisciplinarity's role in cultivating professionals ready to drive sustainable energy futures
Prospects for adjuvant therapy with systemic corticosteroids for community-acquired pneumonia: from experiment to clinical practice
Authors: Rudakov Yu. V. , Salukhov V. V. , Kharitonov M. A. , Voloshin N. I. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: December 2024

Some patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia develop fatal complications in the form of acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or septic shock despite the timely adequate antibacterial therapy and presumably due to an excessive uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response and inadequate adrenal response to infection due to the critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CRICI). Therefore, the additional use of systemic corticosteroids can significantly improve the survival of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia.

Aim. To present the most current preclinical and clinical studies and meta-analyses assessing the effectiveness and safety of the use of systemic corticosteroids for communityacquired pneumonia.

The results of these studies demonstrate that the most optimal regimen for the use of systemic corticosteroids in terms of risk and benefit is early (the first 3 days), low-dose (the dose equivalent of 6 mg/day dexamethasone) short-course (5 – 7 days) therapy with immediate withdrawal of the drugs. This regimen produces the best effect in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia who require ventilation (invasive or non-invasive) with PEEP ≥ 5 cm H2O or high-flow oxygen therapy with FiO2 ≥ 50% and a PaO2/FiO2 ratio less than 300 and/or vasopressor support.

Conclusion. Currently, the federal clinical guidelines do not recommend the routine use of corticosteroids in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia, with the exception of patients with refractory septic shock. However, this narrative review presents evidence supporting the use of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in adult patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia, particularly when complicated by septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, comorbid asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, provided there is no pulmonary suppuration, severe influenza or mycotic infection. Undoubtedly, this is a compelling argument in favor of revising existing domestic clinical guidelines regarding the use of systemic corticosteroids. Thus, further research is needed to identify subgroups of patients who may benefit from or potentially be harmed by corticosteroids. In addition, it is necessary to determine the optimal regimen for the use of corticosteroids in terms of specific drugs, their dose, routes of administration, frequency and duration of therapy, as well as the withdrawal.
New approaches to the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Kchachaturov M. V. , Tsareva N. A. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: December 2024

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a polyetiological disease characterized by an increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPP) by more than 20 mm Hg at rest. Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is assigned to the first group according to the 2018 PH classification, is the most studied in terms of optimal therapy selection. This is a rare but fatal disease that occurs as a result of vascular remodeling of the distal pulmonary arteries. Currently, PAH treatments target three major metabolic cascades: prostacyclin, endothelin, and nitric oxide. The available therapies improve the symptoms and quality of life of patients with PAH, but, unfortunately, none of them directly affect the pathogenesis or allow to achieve complete control of the disease.

The aim of the review was to analyze the literature and demonstrate of the most promising methods and potential targets for the treatment of PAH.

Conclusion. At the moment, PAH therapy is a serious clinical problem, and therefore, it is essential to study new therapeutic targets and develop the corresponding drugs.
Various materials which can be used as bone grafting materials in dentistry: A literature review
Authors: Suri Nikita , Shree Gaurav , Kaur Kuldip , Jangra Vinay , Jangra Diksha , Kaur Rajnish
Published: December 2024

Oral surgical procedures are one of the common procedures occurring in daily routine practice. These oral surgical procedures can be minor oral surgical procedures or major oral surgical procedures. Minor oral surgical procedures include extraction of mobile tooth, grossly carious tooth, only root stumps present, alveoloplasty, etc. and major oral surgical procedures include impactions, fracture reductions, single or multiple placements of implants, etc.These procedures might result in the formation of bone defect, while doing the oral surgical procedures. These bone defects need to be restored in to the normal anatomy, so that the normal functioning could not get hampered. Bone grafting is also one of the surgical procedure which is done for the replacement of the missing bone. These defects might occur from any general disease, accident, congenital abnormality. There are different methods which can be used to eliminate different defects and it includes guided bone regeneration therapy, Bone graft helps in maintain the normal anatomic architecture of the bone, it helps in restoring the function of the bone, helps in restoring the esthetics of the bone, helps in eliminating the space and also creating the space, so that the implant can be placed.
Efficacy of vibrotactile device Dentalvibe in the assessment of pain during local anaesthesia in pediatric dental patients in comparison to conventional techniques: A comparative clinical study
Authors: Gupta Gaurav , Gupta D K , Gupta Priyanka , Shah Parth , Chandra Neeraj , Rana Kuldeep Singh
Published: December 2024

According to the ''gate control'' approach, pain can be minimized by activating bigger diameter nerve fibers with appropriate coldness, warmth, rubbing, pressure, or vibration.

: The present study investigated the efficacy of a vibrotactile device, Dentalvibe (DV), for needle-related procedural pain in comparison to conventional techniques (CCLAD, needle, topical jelly, vibraject, and Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation) of local anaesthesia in paediatric patients.

150 children aged 8 -12 years participated in a randomized controlled clinical study and divided into 6 test groups. Pain perception and comfort were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the 10-point scale, respectively.

The pain perception was compared between the groups, and results were calculated based on the mean outcome. The results showed a significant reduction in pain with dental vibe compared to other techniques, whereas similar results were shown by nitrous oxide inhalation sedation (NIOS) and dental vibe.

Our study shows that the vibration technique with the DentalVibe device can be used as a simple and efficient method to alleviate pain associated with dental injections compared to traditional local anaesthetic techniques.
Comparison between QR678 neo and platelet rich plasma for hair growth -A retrospective study
Authors: Nazar Jincy , Singhai Surabhi
Published: December 2024

: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common cause of hair loss, affecting self-esteem and quality of life. While platelet-rich plasma has been a standard treatment, it yields inconsistent results due to patient variability. QR678 Neo, a biomimetic peptide-based treatment, offers a standardized alternative.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety profiles of QR678 Neo and platelet-rich plasma in treating androgenetic alopecia. Objectives included evaluating improvements in hair density, hair quality, patient satisfaction, and reduction in hair fall.

: This retrospective study compared the efficacy of QR678 Neo and platelet-rich plasma in 70 AGA patients. The study evaluated hair density, quality, and patient satisfaction over 6 months.

: QR678 Neo showed a 30% improvement in hair density versus 18% with platelet-rich plasma (p<0.01). Patients treated with QR678 Neo reported superior satisfaction (VAS score 9.2 vs. 7.8).

: QR678 Neo outperformed PRP in all evaluated parameters, offering a consistent and effective alternative for Androgenetic alopecia treatment.
Inclination of retromolar pad and its relationship to occlusal plane in edentulous subjects: An observational study
Authors: Diwase Harshal Ghanashyam , Rajguru Vilas , Mahale Kishor , Khalikar Smita Arun , Mahajan Sonali , Tandle Ulhas
Published: December 2024

: The muscle attachments and strong cortical bone beneath, the retromolar pad (RMP) make it least in resorption than the bony mandibular residual alveolar ridge. The stock trays are typically flat for resorbed ridges that put excessive strain on the RMP region, stock trays frequently need to be modified arbitrarily. Also various studies are conducted on relationship of retromolar pad to occlusal plane on dentulous subjects but less on edentulous subjects. So, this study is conducted to record the angular dimensions of retromolar pad to residual ridge and its relation to occlusal plane.

To determine the angle made by slope of retromolar pad with crest of ridge and its relationship to occlusal plane.

On 80 study (40 male and 40 female subjects) master casts, RMP inclines and residual ridge crests were marked with markers. The angle between the slope of retromolar pad and crest of ridge were then measured using a protractor that was kept at eye level. To check relationship of retromolar pad to occlusal plane a metallic scale is used by dividing the retromolar pad into three zones (upper, middle and lower third).

The angle made by slope of retromolar pad with crest of ridge is measured in range of 123-167 on right side and 112 -173 degrees left side in female subjects and 105-175 degrees on right side and 125-173 on left side male subjects. An occlusal plane was checked intraorally and extraorally on cast by sliding scale on occlusal rim. The scale coincides at the point of junction of upper third and middle third extending the level of plane of occlusal rim in more than half of selected subjects. The paired sample t-test gave a p-value of 0.048. The mean angle obtained was 146+12.36 in male and 150+ - 14.87 degrees in female subjects to which stock metal tray can be incorporated.

The present study demonstrated a mean angle of 146 degrees in male and 150degree in female subjects which would be adequate to accommodate higher angles upto 175 degrees in both the subjects. This mean angle can be considered as standard angle for incorporation in stock metal tray for fabrication of complete dentures. Also the present study demonstrated the junction of upper third and middle third of retromolar pad is considered as safer option in determining occlusal plane in mandibular arch and its relationship to occlusal plane due to its least resorption than mandibular residual alveolar ridge.
Correction of ectopic eruption of teeth by “SPA” appliance
Authors: Subash Anjana , PK Shivaprakash , Mane Priyanka
Published: December 2024

A pleasing smile can boost a child’s confidence and social interactions. Hence aesthetics in pediatric dentistry should focus on maintaining and improving the dental alignment, which in turn function better, aiding in clear speech and effective chewing, and thus contributing to the overall oral health.

The 6 maxillary anterior teeth i.e. the incisors and canines are often quoted as the “social six”, as they are the most prominent and noticeable teeth. Hence, any of these teeth not following its normal path of eruption and is erupting in an unusual location or angle (ectopic eruption), will cause esthetic and functional concerns.

This case report describes the case of a 9-year-old patient who presented with an early mixed dentition with ectopically erupted maxillary right central incisor. The aim was to align the tooth into the dental arch with sufficient bone and periodontal support, which will provide improved upper lip support and aesthetic smile.
Prosthodontic management of orbital defect using custom-made eye shell- A case report
Authors: Susrutha  , Bharathi Munagapati , Addugala Hemavardhini
Published: December 2024

In order to restore the appearance and functionality of the eye to those who have lost their sight due to accident, surgery, tumors, or congenital eye problems, orbital prosthesis are essential. Various materials and procedures are employed in the prosthesis's creation. Of the materials that were accessible, resin turned out to be superior. Both utilizing a stock eye and a tailored prosthetic have benefits and drawbacks. We have created a bespoke orbital prosthesis with a bespoke eyeball and sclera through our clinical report. The patient's quality of life was eventually improved by the personalized prosthesis, which also offered an outstanding match, increased comfort, and boosted self-confidence.
Blood grouping in cold agglutinin disease: A preventable medico-legal predicament
Authors: Kishore Manjari , Singh Jitender Pratap , Jain Pooja , Fatma Sarwat
Published: December 2024

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by presence of cold-reacting antibodies. This can lead to hemagglutination and complement-mediated hemolysis. Sometimes, it can interfere with serological tests as well. We report a case of CAD where there was a discrepancy in blood grouping initially. The patient presented with complaints of shortness of breath (oxygen saturation of 84% on admission), abdominal swelling , along with evidence of chronic liver disease with cirrhosis.

His total and unconjugated bilirubin were raised. Direct antiglobin test was positive. The blood sample showed auto-agglutination at collection, which was grossly visible in the vial. The discrepancy in blood grouping and cross-matching were subsequently resolved. This case points towards the fact that respiratory illness and liver failure can have an underlying association with CAD. A timely diagnosis of CAD and resolving the discrepancies in immuno-hematological tests can avoid many unwanted results and complications, thereby preventing medico-legal issues.
Evaluation of RIPASA versus modified ALVARADO score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Rahul Sandip Kumar , Kumari Meera , Jha Ajay Kumar , Singh Bipin Kumar , Keshri Rupesh , Suman Pallavi
Published: December 2024

The diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis is mostly clinical through different scores; comparative assessment of Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) score against modified ALVARADO score for the diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis would reveal the better score for clinical use.

Evaluation of RIPASA score against modified ALVARADO score as a diagnostic score for Acute Appendicitis.

A prospective study was conducted on all cases of suspected Appendicitis at a tertiary center from January 2021 to June 2022. Each patient was scored by both RIPASA and modified ALVARADO scores and Histopathological report for Appendicitis was taken as the gold standard. Both the scores were evaluated for their diagnostic ability.

80 patients with suspected Acute Appendicitis with a mean age of 21.36years and with female predominance were scored by both RIPASA and modified ALVARADO scores. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive and Negative predictive values, Positive and Negative likelihood ratio, and area under ROC curve for RIPASA score (at 7.5 cutoff) were 94.74, 82.61, 93.10, 86.36, 5.45, 0.06 and 0.93; corresponding values for modified ALVARADO score (at 7.0 cutoff) were 59.65, 82.61, 89.47, 45.24, 3.43, 0.49 and 0.89 respectively. Both the scores had positive correlation when diagnosing an Acute appendicitis patient.

RIPASA Score (at 7.5 cut-off) is a better diagnostic tool than modified ALVARADO Score (at 7 cut-off) due to better sensitivity, Positive and Negative predictive values, and higher area under the fitted ROC curve.
Gaucher disease and pulmonary hypertension in adult libyan female: A case-based literature review
Authors: Habas Elmukhtar , Omran Nadya , Rayani Amnna
Published: December 2024

Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results from a deficiency in β-glucosidase (GBA) activity due to a GBA gene mutation. GBA hydrolyzes glucocerebrosides into glucose. Deficiency of this enzyme causes accumulation of glucocerebrosides in cells and tissues. Gaucher cell infiltration into the interstitial tissue can be asymptomatic or can cause mild signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and cough. Progressive disease involves Gaucher cells filling the alveolar spaces, causing dyspnea, frequent infections, pneumonia, and exercise intolerance. We report severe pulmonary hypertension in a 41-year Libyan female patient with type 1 GD who was diagnosed at 17 years of age, responding to enzyme replacement therapy.
Interprofessional education module on stress management through healthy diet and regular exercise habits: A team based learning approach
Authors: Aricatt Divia Paul , Govindan Sreejith , Yegneswaran Prakash P , Anand Kukkamalla
Published: December 2024

Interprofessional education (IPE) is an integral feature of forward thinking university health education programs.

The project aims for stress management through healthy diet and programmed exercise by self-directive learning module for medical students of first year domain.

1. Develop an educational module for stress management through healthy diet and exercises using the principles of team-based learning approach. 2. Implement the module to the first-year undergraduate students. 3. Evaluate the outcomes of the implementation of stress management educational module.

A quasi experimental study was conducted using convenience sampling. The study subjects were ninety healthy volunteers from first year MBBS students. Students who agreed to participate were included and those who follow regular exercise and life style were excluded. Informed consent was taken. Before the execution of the education module, a Google form based questionnaire was sent to all the participants via personal email.

: Total post-test correct responses were significant than pretest responses for every categories in terms of percentage of involvement. Gender wise both males (P = 0.004) and females (P = 0.001) post-test response was significantly improved, further revealed that the improvement in post-test score was more significant in the females. Out of the 25 categories, 23 showed no significant changes. However, there was notable reduction in anger towards uncontrollable factors post-intervention (χ² = 9.24, df = 4, P = 0.05) and also reduction in the use of stress relief medications for insomnia over the last six months (χ² = 8.39, df = 4, P = 0.08)

The intervention program significantly improved daily workout routines and participant feedback indicated enhanced concentration and motivation among students. Sustainability to pertaining diet and exercise habits helps for effective stress management.
Pattern-based approach to automation of deductive verification of process-oriented programs: patterns, lemmas and algorithms
Authors: Chernenko Ivan M. , Anureev Igor S.
Published: December 2024

Process-oriented programming is an approach to developing control software in which a program is defined as a set of interacting processes. PoST is a process-oriented language, which is an extension of the ST language from the IEC 61131-3 standard. In the field of control software development, formal verification plays an important role due to the need to ensure high reliability of such software. Deductive verification is a formal verification method in which a program and its requirements are represented as logical formulas, and logical inference is used to prove that the program satisfies the requirements. Control software often has temporal requirements. We formalize such requirements for process-oriented programs as control loop invariants. However, control loop invariants that represent requirements are not sufficient to prove the correctness of the program. Therefore, we add extra invariants containing auxiliary information. This paper considers the problem of automating deductive verification of process-oriented programs. An approach is proposed in which temporal requirements are specified using requirement patterns which are constructed from basic patterns. For each requirement pattern, a corresponding extra invariant pattern and lemmas are defined. In this paper, the proposed approach and schemes of basic and derived requirement patterns are described. The schemes of basic extra invariant patterns, schemes of lemmas defined for basic patterns, and a set of basic patterns and lemmas for them are considered. The scheme of derived extra invariant patterns and schemes of lemmas defined for derived patterns are defined. The algorithms for constructing derived extra invariant patterns and lemmas for them, as well as methods for proving these lemmas are presented. The schemes of proving verification conditions are considered. The proposed approach is demonstrated with an example. The analysis of related works has also been carried out.
Operador cuántico para la interferencia no-paraxial con fotones individuales
Authors: Castañeda-Sepúlveda Román Eduardo , Hurtado Camilo
Published: December 2024

En óptica la interferencia se ha descrito como resultado de la superposición de ondas de luz en el espacio ordinario. Sin embargo, esta descripción fenomenológica no parece ajustarse a la interferencia no-paraxial con fotones individuales en el espacio ordinario debido a la naturaleza corpuscular de los fotones y a que solo un fotón se mueve en la configuración en cada momento. El operador cuántico de interferencia, deducido del modelo matemático exacto (no-paraxial), indica que la morfología espacial de la interferencia es independiente de la presencia de fotones en la configuración y permanece inalterada en su ausencia. Esto sugiere una nueva interpretación de la interferencia en términos del confinamiento de los fotones en estados geométricos del espacio ordinario. Se discuten aquí las implicaciones físicas y fenomenológicas de esta nueva interpretación de la interferencia.
Una nota acerca del método de la función inversa de codificación de redes
Authors: Peña-Macias Victor
Published: December 2024

La teoría de codificación de redes estudia la transmisión de  mensajes a través de un grafo dirigido o red, de tal manera que los destinatarios previstos los reciban claramente. Es importante determinar la mejor forma de transmitir mensajes, lo cual se mide mediante una tasa. El método de la función inversa es una técnica que involucra la construcción de transformaciones lineales que cumplen ciertas condiciones asociadas con la topología de una red. Según la estructura de la red, el método funcionaría al producir una desigualdad propia del álgebra lineal, lo que a su vez brindaría información acerca del comportamiento de la tasa con respecto a un espacio vectorial sobre un cuerpo finito. Se demuestra aquí que el método puede usarse con la red conocida como Char-2, el cual produce una desigualdad válida en espacios vectoriales definidos sobre cuerpos de característica impar.
Castra Annibalis
Authors: Chlebowska Edyta
Published: December 2024

The article presents and discusses an unknown watercolour from 1850 by Cyprian Norwid, entitled Castra Annibalis. The watercolour depicts the Carthaginian military camp from the times of the Second Punic War. It was exhibited in 1947 in the Museum of Wielkopolska in Poznań at the exhibition celebrating the 125th anniversary of Norwid’s birth. The owner of the work at that time was Professor Roman Pollak, historian of Polish literature.
Vade-mecum and the poeticization of epistolography
Authors: Van Nieukerken Arent
Published: December 2024

This article attempts to highlight links between poems from theVade-mecum collection and Norwid’s epistolography. These ties manifest not only on the genetic level, but also in terms of themes as well as stylistic and lexical elements (including key words), primarily with regard to the use of communication structures. What draws attention in these poems is the use of dialogue and the incorporation of colloquial and epistolographic phrases. In his letters, on the other hand, the poet displays a predilection for saturating certain passages with formulas and expressions of distinctly poetic character.
Norwid’s insects. The last of the fables, or on the beauty of existence
Authors: Szczeglacka-Pawłowska Ewa
Published: December 2024

This article offers an interpretation of one of Norwid’s late works: Ostatnia z bajek [The Last of the Fables]. The starting point for this specific reading is the question regarding the image and meaning of the insects invoked in this work as well as the lyrical dimension of this fairy-tale-like fable. The article reveals the impact of Romantic entomology as well as specific passages from Zygmunt Krasiński’s Nie-Boska Komedia [The Un-Divine Comedy] on the ways in which Norwid develops an image of the world as a place where humans co-exist with other beings and experience the painful loss of the bond with these fellow creatures. Lyricism and subjectivity in Ostatnia z bajek are rooted in the author’s contemplative attitude towards broadly understood reality. This raises the question posed in the title – one regarding the beauty of existence – which defines the main theme of Norwid’s lyrical fable.
Constitutional and Legal Problems of the Functioning of the Institution of the Russian Presidency
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Public Administration and Economics of the Russian University of Transport, Mamedov Vagit A.
Published: December 2024

The modern institute of the Russian president is one of the key institutions in the system of public authorities.
Its functioning remains a condition that directly affects the provision of constitutionalism in the State.
The article examines the problems of the institution of the presidency in the Russian Federation in the context of
the constitutional and legal provision of the powers of the head of state.
On Legal Risks Arising in Connection with the Common Property Regime of Spouses Within the Framework of Business in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors:   Lawyer at Ligand Research, LLC, Bril Georgy D.
Published: December 2024

In the framework of the work, an analysis of the current regulation of marital property. The risks associated with an
unbalanced distribution of expenses and income from the pharmaceutical business between spouses have been identified.
The author suggests ways to reduce risks and achieve legal certainty.
Evaluation of Fungicides against Anthracnose Disease in Green Gram under in vitro and Pot Conditions
Authors: Patel Kailash , Yadav A.L. , Kumhar D.R. , Kumar Ashok , Acharya V.S. , Jakhar Mukesh , Maheshwari S.K.
Published: December 2024

Background: Green gram (Vigna radiata L.) is one of the most important legume crops which is a rich source of protein (24.5%), fat (1.3%), Minerals (3.5%) and Carbohydrates (56.7%). Anthracnose disease of green gram caused by Colletotrichum truncatum is a major fungal disease causing serious loss of 24 to 67% both qualitative and quantitatively. Fungicide-resistant strains can develop due to excessive use of fungicides with similar actions. To avoid this, it is necessary to use fungicides having novel modes of action to lessen selection pressure, develop resistance and successfully manage infections over the long term. The current study aimed to test the efficacy of some fungicides against anthracnose of green gram under in vitro and pot conditions. Methods: A total of 10 different fungicides were tested at three different concentrations (0.10, 0.15 and 0.20%) against the pathogen by poisoned food technique and a pot culture experiment was also conducted in protected structure (poly house) on green gram susceptible variety ‘MH-421’ against this disease during Kharif season of 2023 at Hi-Tech Nursery, S.K. Rajasthan Agricultural University Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. Result: Among 11 treatments of fungicides, propiconazole at all concentrations, tebuconazole at 0.15 and 0.20% and carbendazim+ mancozeb at 0.20% gave 100% inhibition of growth of the pathogen. In the pot culture experiment, the least disease incidence was recorded in the treatment sprayed with propiconazole (0.10%) among tested fungicides.
Tawaduk Santri In Nusantara Cultural Perspective: A Multi-Discourse Analysis
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Lutfitasari Wevi , Taembo Maulid , Hipni Mohammad
Published: December 2024

The pesantren tradition is a vital aspect of Nusantara culture that shapes students' humility in both religious and cultural practices. This humility (tawaduk) is expressed through distinct attitudes and activities. This study aims to present symbols of students' humility within Nusantara cultural practices and explore the ecological aspects of the unique pesantren culture as portrayed in mass media. This qualitative research utilizes a discourse analysis framework. In mass media discourse, symbols of students' humility are reflected in socio-cultural dimensions through cultural practices such as "cocoghen" rituals, Quranic study sessions ("ngaji kitab"), welcoming the night of Eid al-Adha, seclusion ("khalwat"), and communal meals ("mayoran"). These practices honor Prophet Muhammad, instill noble ethics, foster Islamic brotherhood (ukhuwah islamiyah), encourage surrender to Allah, and promote restraint from worldly desires. Additionally, the pesantren cultural practices serve as environments that preserve local customs, shape students' character, foster brotherhood, offer experiential learning, impart life values, and cultivate self-restraint. The finding of this research provides distinctive insights into the practices of local pesantren traditions, serving as a foundation for the development of the unique cultural heritage of the archipelago.

Tradisi pesantren merupakan aspek penting dari budaya Nusantara yang membentuk kerendahan hati (tawaduk) para santri dalam praktik keagamaan dan budaya. Kerendahan hati ini diekspresikan melalui sikap dan aktivitas yang khas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan simbol-simbol kerendahan hati santri dalam praktik budaya Nusantara serta mengeksplorasi aspek ekologi dalam budaya unik pesantren seperti yang digambarkan dalam media massa. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan kerangka analisis wacana. Dalam wacana media massa, simbol-simbol kerendahan hati santri tercermin dalam dimensi sosial-budaya melalui praktik-praktik budaya seperti ritual "cocoghen", pengajian kitab suci Al-Quran ("ngaji kitab"), menyambut malam Idul Adha, pengasingan diri ("khalwat"), dan makan bersama ("mayoran"). Praktik-praktik ini bertujuan untuk menghormati Nabi Muhammad, menanamkan etika luhur, mempererat ukhuwah Islamiyah, mendorong penyerahan diri kepada Allah, dan menahan diri dari keinginan duniawi. Selain itu, praktik budaya pesantren berfungsi sebagai lingkungan yang melestarikan adat lokal, membentuk karakter santri, mempererat persaudaraan, memberikan pembelajaran melalui pengalaman, menanamkan nilai-nilai kehidupan, dan melatih pengendalian diri. Temuan penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang khas mengenai praktik tradisi lokal pesantren, yang menjadi dasar pengembangan warisan budaya unik Nusantara.
Deconstructing the Kiai and Santri Relationship: A Critical Review of Power and Cultural Dynamics
Authors: Achmadin Balya Ziaulhaq , Asrori Mohammad , Barizi Ahmad , Amrullah Abdul Malik Karim , Nafis Muhammad Muntahibun
Published: December 2024

This study aims to reveal the dynamics of the relationship between Kiai and santri in traditional pesantren. This research deconstructs the relationship between Kiai and Santri in the Indonesian socio-cultural context. Through a critical approach, this study examines the dynamics of power and cultural influences that color the relationship. By analyzing various sources, this study reveals the complexity of the Kiai and Santri relationship that goes beyond the traditional teacher-student relationship. The results show that the relationship between Kiai and santri in traditional pesantren is built on the basis of strong religious and cultural values. Kiai holds a central role as a spiritual leader and teacher, while santri place themselves as obedient and respectful students. This relationship is characterized by a clear hierarchy, where Kiai has great authority and influence over santri. However, the dynamics of this relationship do not always run smoothly. There are potential conflicts that arise due to differences in interpretation of religious values, differences in socio-economic backgrounds, and the influence of changing times. Kiai are required to be able to maintain a balance between maintaining traditional values and adjusting to the demands of the times and their relevance to social and political changes affecting the relationship between Kiai and Santri Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap dinamika hubungan antara Kiai dan santri di pesantren tradisional. Penelitian ini mendekonstruksi hubungan Kiai dan Santri dalam konteks sosial-kultural Indonesia. Melalui pendekatan kritis, penelitian ini mengkaji dinamika kekuasaan dan pengaruh budaya yang mewarnai hubungan tersebut. Dengan menganalisis berbagai sumber, penelitian ini mengungkap kompleksitas hubungan Kiai dan Santri yang melampaui relasi guru-murid tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan Kiai dan santri di pesantren tradisional dibangun atas dasar nilai-nilai religius dan kultural yang kuat. Kiai memegang peran sentral sebagai pemimpin spiritual dan guru, sementara santri menempatkan diri sebagai murid yang patuh dan hormat. Hubungan ini ditandai dengan hierarki yang jelas, di mana Kiai memiliki otoritas dan pengaruh yang besar terhadap santri. Namun, dinamika hubungan ini tidak selalu berjalan mulus. Terdapat potensi konflik yang muncul akibat perbedaan interpretasi nilai-nilai agama, perbedaan latar belakang sosial-ekonomi, dan pengaruh perubahan zaman. Kiai dituntut untuk mampu menjaga keseimbangan antara mempertahankan nilai-nilai tradisional dan menyesuaikan diri dengan tuntutan zaman serta relevansinya dengan perubahan sosial dan politik memengaruhi hubungan Kiai dan Santri
Role of Mindfulness between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Post-Partum Depression: a Ray of Hope
Authors: Fatima Rida , Hania Alishba , Zafar Momal
Published: December 2024

Mothers of a newborn face a lot of physical and psychological challenges and early maladaptive schemas play a significant part in determining long-term negative consequences such as post-partum depressive symptoms. This research proposed that mindfulness could play a positive role between the early schemas and post-partum depressive symptoms among new mothers. Data was collected from a sample of 170 mothers who gave birth from February 2020 to August 2020. The young schema questionnaire-SF, Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, and the Kentucky inventory for mindfulness scale were administered. Study findings show mindfulness mediates the association between five sub-domains of maladaptive schemas namely impaired autonomy, impaired limits, disconnection, over-vigilance, other-directedness, and post-partum depression. Findings indicate that mindfulness could be a contributing factor against postpartum symptoms and play significant role in mother and infant’s well-being during the challenging time of transition.
’n Reformatoriese kindbeskouing: In watter mate kom dit tot sy reg in die internasionale en Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysregsbestel?
Authors: van der Walt Johannes L. , Oosthuizen Izak J.
Published: December 2024

ŉ Opvoedingsfilosoof en ŉ onderwysregskundige span kragte saam om vas te stel tot welke mate die kernaspekte van ŉ Reformatoriese kindbeskouing tot hul reg in die internasionale en Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysregsbestel kom. Die eerste deel van die artikel verskaf ŉ filosofies-Reformatoriese kinderantropologie as prinsipiële grondslag, tesame met rigtingwysers vir die daaropvolgende (onderwys)regtelike ondersoek. Die ondersoek bring aan die lig dat Reformatoriese opvoeders in die huidige tydsgewrig nog taamlik rustig en tevrede kan wees met hoe die (onderwys)reg en -regspleging in Suid-Afrika ten opsigte van die belange van kinders behartig word. Daar was egter in die onlangse verlede verwikkelinge wat op gevaar dui, tesame met sake wat in die toekoms meer aandag sal moet geniet.

ABSTRACT
A philosopher of education and an education law expert join forces to establish to what degree justice has been done to the core aspects of Reformational child anthropology in the current international and South African education jurisprudence system. The first part of the article provides a philosophical Reformational child anthropology as a foundational basis, together with guidelines for the subsequent (education) legal investigation. The investigation reveals that Reformational educators could be relatively content, for the time being, about how (education) law and jurisprudence in South Africa concerning children are administered. However, there have been recent developments indicating danger, along with matters that will require more attention in the future.
Parkinson Hastalığı ve Mikrobiyota
Authors: Dolar Gözde , Çamcı Gülşah , Karabuğa Yakar Hatice , Oğuz Sıdıka
Published: December 2024

İnsan vücudunda yaşayan tüm mikroorganizmalara mikrobiyota denir. Bu mikroorganizmaların taşıdıkları genomlara mikrobiyom denir. Bakteriler, virüsler, mantarlar ve birçok ökaryotik mikroorganizmalar insan mikrobiyotasını oluşturmaktadır. Gastrointestinal sistemde 100 trilyondan fazla mikroorganizma ve 1000’e yakın türde bakteri bulunmaktadır. Bu bakterilerin her birinin farklı görevleri vardır. Mikrobiyotada yer alan bakteri yapısının %50’si tüm insanlarda benzer türlerden oluşmuş olsa da mikrobiyotanın içeriği ve dağılımı kişiye özeldir. Mikrobiyotada yer alan bakterilerin sayı ve içeriğinin değişmesine, optimum dengenin bozulmasına disbiyozis denir. Disbiyozis immün sistemin düzenli çalışmasını engellemekte ve intestinal geçirgenliği değiştirerek diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, otizm, Parkinson hastalığı gibi birçok hastalığa yol açmaktadır. Parkinson hastalığı, genellikle yaşamın ilerleyen dönemlerinde ortaya çıkan ve hareketlerde genel yavaşlama (bradikinezi), istirahat tremoru, rijidite gibi semptomlar gösteren nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda, Parkinson hastalarında belirli bir tipte intestinal mikrobiyota görüldüğü saptanmıştır. Dolayısıyla Parkinson hastalığının oluşumunda ve gelişiminde bağırsak disbiyozisinin rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Bu derleme, Parkinson hastalığı ile mikrobiyota konusunda hemşirelerin farkındalığını artırmak amacıyla yazılmıştır.
Modelo de empoderamiento familiar en embarazadas adolescentes en una unidad de atención primaria
Authors: Morales Oramas Candy Gabriela , Avalos-García María Isabel , Garrido Pérez Silvia María Guadalupe , Sánchez Rodríguez Rosa Maria , Rodríguez-Burelo María del Rosario , Martínez-Pérez Jorge Iván
Published: December 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effect of family empowerment on pregnant adolescents to face the pregnancy and motherhood process and improve family function.
Materials and methods: Mixed process research in the multi-level concurrent Nested Design modality, where data were collected at different times, but the analyzes varied in each of these. It was developed in three stages: diagnosis-intervention-evaluation from January 2022 to January 2023. In the first stage, 50 adolescents participated, Family Apgar and DES28 Empowerment Scale were applied, after informed consent. In the second, the empowerment model was applied in four dysfunctional families without empowerment, with an average of ten sessions for each family and family work tools were used. In the evaluation stage, a quasi-experimental design was used with pretest-posttest of the family APGAR and empowerment scale. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to capture and analyze the information (Pearson's X2, RP, Student's T), with the SPSS V25 statistical software.
Results: Age Ⱦ=17, 17-19 years 80%, high school 46%, common law union 41%. Without empowerment 34%, family dysfunction 64%. Families without empowerment were 30% dysfunctional. The risk factors observed were: inadequate communication in the marital subsystem, addictions, chronic illness. Protective factors: attendance at a religious group, good personal and dietary hygiene, and choice of subdermal implant as a contraceptive method.
Conclusions: The effect of the executed Model allowed empowering pregnant adolescents and improving family dynamics and function.
Key words: Adolescent, Family dynamics, Empowerment.