bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Combination Effect of Green Organic Derivatives on the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild steel in Simulated Seawater
Authors: Tolulope Loto. Roland , Akintoye Loto Cleophas
Published: August 2018

Electrochemical studies of the synergistic combination of green organic derivatives, leucine and vanillin and the corrosion protection of mild steel in simulated seawater (3.5 wt.% NaCl) was done using potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential and morphological analysis. Results showed the combined admixture performed effectively with highest inhibition value of 89% at 3% volumetric content of the admixture. The performance of the compound was observed to be proportional to concentration with mixed type inhibition characteristics. Significant anodic shift of corrosion potential occurred due to film formation compared to the control solution at relative thermodynamic stability. The inhibition mechanism of the admixture occurred through physisorption reaction from thermodynamic calculations according to Langmuir, Frumkin and Freudlich isotherms with correlation coefficient above 0.7. Severe deterioration was observed on the morphology of mild steel with inhibitor compared to the steel from solution at highest inhibitor concentration.
Crown Ether Schiff bases and their Complexes: Recent Advances (A Review )
Authors: MAHER KHALID , MOHAMMED SHIREEN
Published: August 2018

In latterly years, an interest in the synthesis of crown ether Schiff bases and their Complexes has been increased, due to the significance and broadly the uses of these compounds in various fields. In the present review paper outline extensive recent advances literature survey on the crown ether including azomethine gathering and their complexes with the tough and easy granter atoms, has been reconsidered. Assertiveness has been done on element complexation with crown ether holding Schiff bases to enable the researchers to procure valuable information of the chelating activity of crown ether containing azomethine gathering and their enforcement.
Industrial Applications of Clay Materials from Ghana (A Review)
Authors: Asamoah R.B. , Nyankson E. , Annan E. , Agyei-Tuffour B. , Efavi J.K. , Kan-Dapaah K. , Apalangya V.A. , `Damoah L.N.W. , Dodoo-Arhin D. , Tiburu E.K. , Kwofie S.K. , Onwona-Agyeman B. , Yaya A.
Published: August 2018

Clay minerals are phyllosilicate groups naturally found in soils in all parts of the world. They have proven to be among the most essential industrial minerals because of their unique physicochemical properties and versatile applications within a wide range of fields including ceramics, construction, and environmental remediation, biomedical as well as cosmetics. Clay minerals are also primary to the production of other materials such as composite for secondary applications. In Ghana, clay mineral deposits are commonly found in several areas including soil horizons as well as geothermal fields and volcanic deposits, and are formed under certain geological conditions. This review seeks to explore the geographical occurrence and discusses the current uses of various local clay materials in Ghana in order to highlight opportunities for the utilization of these materials for other applications.
Volumetric and Ultrasonic Velocity Studies of Urea and Thiourea in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Khatun Roksana , Sultana Rajia , K. Nath Ranjit
Published: August 2018

The observations on the anomalous behavior of urea and the comparison between urea and thiourea in aqueous solutions have been examined by volumetric and ultrasonic sound velocity techniques at different temperature (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15 and 323.15 K) , atmospheric pressure by using a high accuracy vibrating U-tube digital density and ultrasonic sound velocity analyzer. The apparent molar volume (ϕv) & apparent molar adiabatic compressibility (ϕk) have been calculated from experimental density and ultrasonic sound velocity data respectively and limiting apparent molar volume (ϕv0), limiting apparent molar adiabatic compressibility (ϕk0) have been evaluated from apparent molar volume vs. molality plot as intercept. Apparent molar expansibility (ϕE) was determined from apparent molar volume and hydration number (nH) from adiabatic compressibility. The results show very interesting information about strong solute-solvent & solute-solute interactions, and also elaborate the structure making or breaking behavior in the solution mixtures.
Water Resource use and Management, Determination of Physical-Chemical Water Parameters in Radonique Lake
Authors: Dreshaj Adem , Millaku Bedri
Published: August 2018

This paper aims to reach clear conclusions and conclusions about the importance of management in increasing water quality, monitoring wind, taste and color, and so on. . Studies have been carried out in Radoniq Lake, monitoring physical and chemical parameters as well as heavy metals. Research results have been successful since we have managed to come up with concrete results and conclusions about what it is aimed at. Normally, heavy metals are defined in some locations such as : H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4, H-5 (Fe, Mn, Al, NO 3, NO 2, NH 4+). So the management of water resources has an irrefutable importance in achieving the desired performance on the market, which has also been proven by scientific research, the results of which will appear in some cases exceed international standards.
STUDIES ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF BARNACLE LARVAE AND THE BARNACLE FOULING IN THE ESTUARINE AREA OF MUARA KARANG
Authors: Romimohtarto Kasijan , Arinardi Okto Haryanto
Published: August 2018

Estuary hosts many of the meroplanktonic lives of marine animals, among which are the barnacles. The study of the seasonal abundance of the barnacle larvae and of the barnacle attachments at Muara Karang during 1975-1976 indicated that barnacle larvae and barnacle attachments occurred throughout the year. However, certain peaks of the larvae abundance and the high densities of attachment were found in certain months of the year. The peaks of larvae distribution were observed in April 1975, June 1975, September 1975, and January 1976. In general the density of the attached barnacles on panels was highest during the period of March - August, and lowest during December-February. The physical, biological, and sedimentological factors in relation with the distribution of the barnacle larvae and the density of the attached barnacles were discussed. Two governing factors seemed to be the wave and the sediment load. Relationship between the abundance of the barnacle larvae and the density of attachment was difficult to see.
HARPACTICOID COPEPODS ASSOCIATED WITH HERMIT CRABS IN THE MOLUCCAS
Authors: Humes Arthur G.
Published: August 2018

Paguridea in the Indo-Pacific have 10 harpacticoid copepod associates: 3 Sunaristes, 3 Brianola, 1 Porcellidium, and 3 Paraidya. Four of these copepods are reported from hermit crabs in the Moluccas: Sunaristes tranteri Hamond, 1973, from Dardanus guttatus, Dardanus lagopodes, Calcinus latens, Calcinus minutus, Calcinus gaimardi, Calcinus sp., and Trizopagurus strigatus; Porcellidium brevicaudatum Thompson and A. Scott, 1903, from Dardanus guttatus, Dardanus lagopodes, Dardanus megistos, Calcinus latens, Calcinus minutus and Trizopagurus strigatus; Paraidya minor Sewell, 1940, and Paraidya major Sewell, 1940, from Dardanus guttatus, Dardanus lagopodes, and Dardanus megistos.
PERICLIMENES DENTIDACTYLUS, A NEW DEEP WATER PONTONIINE SHRIMP FROM MAKASSAR STRAIT, INDONESIA
Authors: Bruce A. J.
Published: August 2018

A new species of pontoniine shrimp, Periclimenes dentidactylus is described and illustrated. The single specimen was collected from Makassar Strait from over 590 m, a depth exceeded by only two other species of the genus. P. dentidactylus is closely related to  F.  hertwigi Balss, and is probably also an echinoid associate.
PENAEOID SHRIMPS (BENTHESICYMIDAE, ARISTEIDAE, SOLENOCERIDAE, SICYONHDAE) COLLECTED IN INDONESIA DURING THE CORINDON II AND IV EXPEDITIONS
Authors: Crosnier Alain
Published: August 2018

During the CORINDON II and IV expeditions, the former in the Makassar Strait and the latter in Piru Bay and Ambon Bay, Molluccas, 47 species of penaeoid shrimps were collected. They include 2 species belonging to the Benthesicymidae, 5 to the Aristeidae, 19 to the Solenoceridae, 2 to the Sicyoniidae and 19 to the Penaeidae.
NIPPONOTROPHON MAKASSARENSIS, A NEW RECENTLY DREDGED MURICACEAN SPECIES OF STRANGE GENERIC AFFINITIES (GASTROPODA: MURICIDAE)
Authors: Houart Roland
Published: August 2018

A murieid, dredged by the French-Indonesian "CORINDON" expedition (1980) in the Strait of Makassar was recently brought to my attention. After carefully checking in the literatures, it appears to be new, but one problem was remaining unresolved: its classification in an appropriate genus.
FISH COLLECTED DURING THE CORINDON II AND IV EXPEDITIONS
Authors: Fourmanoir P.
Published: August 2018

The check-list of the fish collected during the CORINDON expeditions (COR. II: 20 sampling stations in the Makassar Strait; COR. IV: 7 stations in Piru and Ambon Bay in the Moluccas) 2) is composed out of 110 species. Most of them are coming from depths between 250 m and 600 m; a dozen of species were found at less deep stations; two Apodes, of which one is the very rare Promyllantor, were collected at a 1000 m depth.
THE ALPHEID SHRIMP OF INDONESIA, BASED UPON J.G. DE MAN'S "THE DECAPODA OF THE SIBOGA EXPEDITION, PART II. FAMILY ALPHEIDAE." (1911)
Authors: Banner Dora M. , Banner Albert H.
Published: August 2018

We wish not only to up-date the taxonomy used by DE MAN in his 1911 study but also to add to his list of species those new records of species from Indonesia based, upon collections made subsequently by various individuals and agencies. DE MAN reported that he had 113 species and 20 varieties of these shrimp from the Siboga Expedition; of these, 54 species and varieties have been reduced to synonymy in the subsequent years. In the present study these additional species are also being so reduced:Alpheopsis hummelinki SCHMITT (= Neoalpheopsis euryone (De Man)Neoalpheopsis hiatti BANNER (= N. euryone De Man) Synalpheus jedanensis De Man (= S. iphinoe De Man) S. miscellaneus De Man ( = S. neomeris (De Man) S. physocheles Coutiere (= S. triunguiculatus (Paulson) S. sluiteri De Man (= S. paraneomeris Coutiere) S. stimpsonii var. maldivensis C outiere (= S. stimpsonii ( De Man) S. streptodactytoides De Man (=S. streptodactylus Couti>re)From the post-Siboga collections, we list an additional 28 established species from Indonesian waters as well as two new species: Alpheus nipa and Synalpheus mortenseni; we also have reviewed the status of Alpheus (= Synalpheus) tricuspidatus Heller (1861) and consider it to be a nomen dubium. We now recognize a total of 145 species from Indonesian waters plus an additional 2 species left unnamed by De Man and by us.
Policía y revolución ciudadana: un balance de la política policial en Ecuador 2007-2014
Authors: Pontón C. Daniel
Published: August 2018

La administración presidencial de Rafael Correa, iniciada en el 2007, forma parte de la tendencia política post-neoliberal que presentan algunos países de la región. En materia de política pública se planteó como desafío, transformar y modernizar a la Policía Nacional como parte de un nuevo modelo de seguridad integral. ¿Qué cambios estructurales ha experimentado la cuestión policial en el Ecuador? ¿Qué explica y qué razonamiento político está asociado con estos cambios? La presente investigación analizará el ámbito policial y su proceso de cambios, continuidades y retrocesos en el periodo 2007-2013. Se argumentará que pese a existir avances en la transformación de la policía, estos no se enmarcan bajo una orientación programática de una reforma institucional democrática de la policía. Por el contrario, los cambios han obedecido a lógicas de aprendizaje propias del pragmatismo político en el ejercicio del poder y las racionalidades del gobierno contra el delito. La ausencia de esta agenda programática, ha dado paso a un proceso de colonización policial en la compresión y conducción política de la institución policial, lo cual ha generado que las reformas iniciadas reproduzcan estructuras  tradicionales y corporativas.
Nīshāpūrī Scholars in The Formation of Sunnī Scholarship in The Eleventh Century
Authors: Widigdo Mohammad Syifa Amin
Published: August 2018

The role of Nīshāpūrī medieval scholars in the tenth-eleventh century in the formation of Sunnī orthodoxy has been rarely discussed. The existing scholarship focuses primarily on the local history of Nīshāpūr and other parts of eastern Muslim world or emphasizes more on the contribution of Baghdādī scholars in the light of the formation of Sunnī legal schools, which in turn is deemed as Sunnī orthodoxy, than their counterpart in Nīshāpūr and other cities in the east. Therefore, this paper attempts to show how Muslim scholars from Nīshāpūr contributed to the advancement of Sunnī scholarship in the fifth/eleventh century through a closer study of intellectual strategies developed and employed by Nīshāpūrī scholars to cope with their local challenges. They built intellectual networking and attempted to integrate legal and theological scholarship in Islamic scholarship to deal with their local problems, which interestingly shaped their distinctive contribution in the light of Sunnī scholarship tradition. By means of this attempt of intellectual networking and harmonizing legal scholarship (fiqh) and theological scholarship (kalām), they were not only able to tackle local problems but also equipped with intellectual means to push doctrinal boundaries within Sunnī scholarship in the fifth/eleventh century.[Peran ilmuwan Nīshāpūr abad pertengahan dalam pembentukan ortodoksi Sunni di abad 10 – 11 masehi masih jarang dibahas. Kebanyakan sarjana yang ada lebih banyak memperhatikan sejarah lokal Nīshāpūr dan bagian lain dari dunia muslim di timur atau menekankan pada kontribusi sarjana asal Baghdād dimasa puncak formasi mazhab Sunni, dimana lebih sering dianggap sebagai Sunni ortodoks daripada kawan mereka di Nishāpūr dan kota lain di timur. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini berusaha untuk menunjukkan bahwa sarjana muslim dari Nishāpūr berkontribusi pada pengembangan pemikiran Sunni di abad pertengahan melalui kajian mendalam pembangunan strategis intelektual dan karya dari sarjana Nishāpūr dalam mengatasi tantangan lokal. Mereka membangun jaringan intelektual dan berusaha mengintegrasikan hukum dan teologi dalam Islam dengan masalah lokalitas, yang mana kontribusi khasnya berpengaruh dalam tradisi teologi Sunni. Melalui usahanya ini, jaringan intelektual dan harmonisasi fiqh dan kalam, mereka tidak hanya mengatasi persoalan lokal tetapi juga melengkapinya dengan seperangkat intelektual untuk mendorong batas-batas dalam tradisi Sunni di abad pertengahan.]
La lectura de textos científicos en el marco de la literacidad disciplinar
Authors: Moreno Mosquera Emilce , Mateus Ferro Geral Eduardo
Published: August 2018

Se presenta un estudio de caso en torno a las prácticas de lectura de la clase de Análisis de Literatura Científica, asignatura de Microbiología Industrial de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, en la cual se analizan y discuten artículos científicos. Se trata de comprender la lectura científica desde el marco de la literacidad disciplinar, lo cual implica entenderla en contextos de prácticas sociales particulares de las que forma parte. La asignatura a saber se ha constituido para crear un contexto en el cual se promueve la apropiación del discurso científico y la formación de lectores críticos de artículos de investigación actualizados. A partir del análisis de la clase se identificaron prácticas de literacidad relacionadas con: 1) los niveles de lectura, 2) la función epistémica de la lectura, más allá de asociarla a reproducción de conocimiento, 3) la dialogicidad de las prácticas de enseñanza de los textos, 4) la integración de los sistemas externos de representación en la lectura de textos y 5) la conciencia de la estructura retórica de artículos de investigación.
Una nueva estrategia de integración de proveedores para la industria automotriz colombiana
Authors: Coronell Ramírez Jorge Alberto , López César Amilcar
Published: August 2018

Al analizar los TLC vigentes y suscritos en Colombia se identificó que la industria automotriz colombiana se encuentra en riesgo, al enfrentar a las grandes industrias que representan el mercado global de Estados Unidos, Corea, China y México; por lo anterior, surge la necesidad inmediata de realizar una reestructuración en la operación de las ensambladoras nacionales. Para esto se desarrolló una investigación sobre las estrategias de integración utilizadas mundialmente y se propone la utilización de la estrategia de suministro “SISCAI”, que consiste en la combinación de características con mayor impacto de las estrategias evaluadas a través del proceso analítico jerárquico, adaptándola a las condiciones requeridas para operar en Colombia. Con la aplicación de la estrategia propuesta se reduce en 20% el inventario CKD, 45% la mano de obra directa a cargo de la ensambladora, incrementando la calidad del producto e impulsando y protegiendo la industria nacional.
Neviditelná krajina v Nezvalově poezii 20. let
Authors: Čolakova Žoržeta
Published: August 2018

What is noticeable in the 1920s, when Czech modern poetry and Vítězslav Nezval in particular express their avant-garde quests through the felicitous poetic program, is the aesthetic distancing from the romantic melancholy and respectively from the interpretation of landscape as an object of contemplation and a mediator between the human soul and the universe. The preference of poetism for civilization diversity and metropolitan dynamics and its superficial disregard for nature are the reasons why this aspect of Vítězslav Nezval’s poetry has remained outside the field of literary research so far. The main objective of this paper is to discover and outline the manifestations of artistic treatment of nature in Nezval’s poetry even when he denies its place in modern poetry in general. The paper focuses on those transformational processes of anti-mimetic nature through which the image of the landscape is no longer perceived as a reflection of the real entities of nature but as a fictional entity based on the principle of collage.
A new method for the determination of ammonium in the vitreous humour based on capillary electrophoresis and its preliminary application in thanatochemistry
Authors: Gottardo Rossella , Palacio Covadonga , Shestakova Kseniia M. , Moskaleva Natalia E. , Bortolotti Federica , Tagliaro Franco
Published: August 2018

Background

Although the post-mortem increase of ammonium in biological fluids is well known, ammonium analysis in vitreous humour has never been used in recent times for the determination of the post-mortem interval. The present work represents a new application of capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection in the field of forensic analysis.

Methods

The electrophoretic separation was carried out in a running buffer made of 5 mM imidazole, 5 mM 18-crown-6 ether and 6 mM d,l-α-hydroxybutyric acid (HIBA). To overcome the lack of optical absorption of ammonium, indirect UV detection was applied. The used wavelength was 214 nm.

Results

The method showed good linearity in the concentration range from 0.16 to 5.0 mM. The limit of detection, 0.039 mmol/L, was established on the basis of the linearity curve. Precision and bias studies carried out on the pure ammonium solutions and in real biological samples, revealed %RSDs well below 20%. A preliminary application to real cases where the death time was precisely known (14 bodies) was carried out plotting vitreous humour ammonium vs. post-mortem interval with a resulting good linear correlation until 100 h post-mortem.

Conclusions

After validation in real cases, the present method can become a powerful tool to unravel one of the most challenging issues of forensic investigation: determination of the time of death.
Multi-Beam Free-Space Optical Link to Mitigation of Rain Attenuation
Authors: Shaker Farouk Kh. , Ali Mazin Ali A.
Published: August 2018

Free-Space optical (FSO) link is an optical communication technology that uses light or laser as the carrier diffuses into free space to transfer data information between the transmitter and the receiver through the air channel. In this paper, a dual transmitters and receivers with multi-beam technique were designed to Study the effects of rain attenuation on the system to be used through FSO during the rainy weather. FSO model system was designed and simulated using OptiSystem7.0 software. The results analysis of FSO link within (1.6 - 3.9 km) ranges according to a Charbonneau model for rain attenuation. The transmitting data with NRZ modulation was designed and analysis of the performance System efficiency parameters such as bit error rate (BER) and Q. Factor for different optical links. The results of the simulation showed that the received signal power decreases and the bit error rate is increasing when the rain rate is increasing.
The effects of cross-linked/uncross-linked electrospun fibrinogen/polycaprolactone nanofibers on the proliferation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes
Authors: Mirzaei-Parsa Mohamad Javad , Ghanbari Hossein , Bahrami Naghmeh , Hadadi-Abianeh Shahryar , Faridi-Majidi Reza
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study was an investigation on the proliferation rate of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) on the cross-linked and uncross-linked fibrinogen/polycaprolactone (Fbg/PCL) nanofibers to determine a suitable scaffold for skin tissue engineering. Nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared by electrospinning of different weight ratios of Fbg to PCL and were analyzed as morphology, surface chemical properties and cytocompatibility by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. The diameters of the blended uncross-linked scaffolds were in the range of 124±43 nm–209±155 nm. Cross-linking of scaffolds with glutaraldehyde did not make a significant change in the diameter of blended scaffolds in 16 h. Cross-linking also improved the tensile strength and weight loss rate of scaffolds. However, cross-linking demonstrated an unfavorable effect on the attachment and proliferation of NHEK cells. The proliferation study revealed that uncross-linked scaffolds containing 50% and 70% Fbg provide a better environment for the growth of NHEK cells, and can be considered promising scaffolds in tissue engineering applications.
Study protocol: phase 1 dose escalating study of Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with oxaliplatin in peritoneal metastasis
Authors: Kim Guowei , Tan Hon Lyn , Chen Elya , Teo Siok Chin , Jang Clarisse Jia Min , Ho Jingshan , Ang Yvonne , Ngoi Natalie Yan Li , Chee Cheng Ean , Lieske Bettina , Shabbir Asim , Wang Ling-Zhi , So Jimmy Bok Yan , Yong Wei Peng
Published: August 2018

Background

Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel laparoscopic intraperitoneal chemotherapy technique, with advantages such as homogeneous distribution of aerosol and deeper tissue penetration. Thus far, PIPAC oxaliplatin has been administered at an arbitrary dose of 92 mg/m2.

Aim

We aim to determine the dose-related safety profile and tolerability of PIPAC oxaliplatin using an evidence-based approach. The secondary aim is to evaluate clinic-pathologic response and the pharmacokinetic profile.

Methods

This is a phase I 3+3 dose escalation study for gastric and colorectal cancer with predominant peritoneal metastasis starting at a dose of 45 mg/m2. Safety is assessed according to Clavien-Dindo Classification and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0). Clinico-pathologic response is assessed using the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score, Peritoneal Cancer Index, and Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumour criteria (version 1.1). Pharmacokinetic analysis is performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry assay. This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03172416).

Conclusions

This phase I study can provide the scientific basis to identify the optimal dose for PIPAC with oxaliplatin such that the benefits of this novel and promising intraperitoneal chemotherapy delivery technique can be maximized.
Comparison of ELISA and flow cytometry for measurement of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α
Authors: Çetin Aysun , Şen Ahmet , Çetin Ihsan , Çimen Behzat , Cimen Leyla , Savas Göktug , Öztürk Ahmet , Koker Mustafa Yavuz
Published: August 2018

Background

Although majority of the previous studies have shown a good correlation between enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry in terms of cytokines, two laboratory methods usually were compared with the regression analysis and correlation in the literature. This study aimed at comparing the ELISA and flow cytometry assay for measuring cytokines by using two different statistical methods, regression analysis and Bland-Altman plot.

Materials and methods

Fifty patients, diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and expecting high level serum cytokines, and 30 healthy volunteers, expecting normal level serum cytokines, were enrolled in the study. The interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured using ELISA, and compared with obtained levels using flow cytometric method.

Results

Although regression analysis showed that the two methods are compatible with measurements of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, they tended to show dissimilarity with measurements of IL-1β and TNF-α based on Bland-Altman graphs.

Conclusion

According to Bland-Altman plot, our results providing evidence of ELISA and flow cytometry assays were compatible with each other for IL-1β and IL-6 measurements compared to TNF-α measurement. However, our study has a small number of participants, hence this study need to be confirmed by investigations involving more participants.
Back to basics: a non-photorealistic rendering method for the analysis of texts from 3D Roman inscriptions
Authors: Carrero-Pazos Miguel , Espinosa-Espinosa David
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the results of a non-photorealistic rendering approach to analysing Roman inscriptions, which uses line drawings to highlight the text of two epigraphs from Galicia in north-west Spain.
Archaeological LiDAR in Italy: enhancing research with publicly accessible data
Authors: Sánchez Jesús García
Published: August 2018

Recent changes to the availability and accessibility of LiDAR data in Italy have greatly expanded the potential for their exploration by members of the general public. Further promotion of this fact and how to engage with such data could prove to be of significant value to both archaeologists and other interested parties.
Christ’s face revealed at Shivta: an Early Byzantine wall painting in the desert of the Holy Land
Authors: Maayan-Fanar Emma , Linn Ravit , Tepper Yotam , Bar-Oz Guy
Published: August 2018

A previously unknown painting of Christ’s face, recently discovered at the Byzantine site of Shivta in the Negev Desert of southern Israel, represents the first pre-iconoclastic baptism-of-Christ scene to be found in the Holy Land.
Late prehistoric coastal settlement patterns in the Cantabrian region, northern Spain
Authors: Rios-Garaizar Joseba , Cubas Miriam , Maidagan Diego Garate , Silvente Iñaki Libano , Cuétara Ander Ugarte , López Sergio Vega , Bueno Encarnación Regalado , Gómez Aixa San Emeterio , Tapia Jesús , Moreno Alejandro García , Hurtado Alesander Trebolazabala , Agirre Arkaitz Aketxe
Published: August 2018

Newly discovered archaeological sites in the Uribe Kosta region of northern Spain are illuminating the establishment of late prehistoric coastal farming settlements and specialised tool-production activities.
Tracer Tests in Stratified Alluvial Aquifers: Predictions of Effective Porosity and Longitudinal Dispersivity versus Field Values
Authors: Chapuis R. P.
Published: August 2018

Tracer tests in aquifers are key tests to delineate protection perimeters around drinking water wells. They help to determine field values of effective porosity, ne, and longitudinal dispersivity, αL, from curve fitting to a breakthrough curve (BTC). It is difficult to predict ne, but correlations obtained with field or numerical tracer tests may be used to predict αL. The BTCs of field tracer tests differ from those predicted by the advection-dispersion theory in three ways: (1) early arrival with smaller than expected ne, (2) scale-dependent αL, and (3) a long thick tail. In this article, physical principles are used to obtain new closed-form predictive equations for ne and αL in stratified alluvial aquifers. The new equations give ne and αL for the hydraulically equivalent homogeneous aquifer. The predicted values for ne are shown to fit the field values of seven well-documented field tracer tests. The new equations explain the ne field values and can explain field values of αL for stratified aquifers, their variation with distance, and the variance of the ln(K) distribution. If the tracer is injected for a limited time, the predicted BTC also displays the three usual features of field data, which simply result from a lognormal K-distribution. The new equations and their experimental verification correctly elucidate some difficulties due to aquifer heterogeneity and improve our ability to predict groundwater movements in the subsurface.
Mechanical Properties of Cement Asphalt Mortar under Low Temperature Condition
Authors: Wang Jin-feng , Wang Wen-hao , Wu Xi , Zhou Yu-bing
Published: August 2018

Cement asphalt (CA) mortar is a composite material used in the non-ballast slab track of high-speed railways. The behavior of CA mortar under the exterior environmental actions is essential to the safety of high-speed railways. In this article, the low-temperature behavior of CA mortar was investigated. The compressive test of CA mortar at the temperature of −20°C and 0°C was conducted first, and the stress–strain curves and mechanical properties were experimentally determined to analyze the effect of low temperature. Nanomaterials were also included in CA mortar to improve the performance of CA mortar at low temperatures. The results indicated that the descending branch of stress–strain curves of CA mortar is closely related to the temperature, and the compressive strength and elastic modulus of CA mortar were decreased with temperature with different decreasing patterns. Nanomaterials were also found to be favorable to the ductility of CA mortar. Based on the experimental observations, a stress–strain model of CA mortar to describe the performance of CA mortar at low temperatures was finally proposed and verified.
Study of the Strain Response of Asphalt Pavements on Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks through Field Testing and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Zeng Guodong , Xu Wei , Huang Hongming
Published: August 2018

A composite structural system consisting of an orthotropic steel bridge deck, waterproof prime, binding course, and wearing surface is complicated. To simplify the analysis of such systems, general elastic and continuous structure theory is applied to the asphalt pavement on steel bridge decks to determine the magnitude of the strain. Large differences in mechanical results have been previously obtained in assessments of steel bridge deck pavements. Few studies have focused on the mechanical state and time-dependent response of a realistic steel bridge deck wearing surface because of the difficulty of measuring the strain of the pavement on a steel deck of a long-span bridge that is in service. This study performed static and dynamic loading tests on an actual long-span steel bridge and analyzed the characteristics of the time-dependent strain response of the bridge deck wearing surface. The results demonstrate that the asphalt wearing surface exhibited significant loading time and rate-dependent characteristics under both static and dynamic loading conditions. The test analysis results also revealed that the axle load, vehicle speed, and longitudinal slope of the bridge had significant effects on the mechanical responses of the bridge deck wearing surface. Based on a comparison between the finite element numerical simulation results and the measurements obtained from testing the actual bridge, the magnitudes of the mechanical strain responses of the wearing surface on a steel bridge deck under the dynamic wheel load of a vehicle were analyzed assuming that the wearing surface is elastic and that the elastic modulus can be determined from a four-point bending test. However, the cumulative effect of plastic deformation must be considered when analyzing the fatigue damage of a permanent wearing surface.
Surgeries and Health Outcomes Among Patients With Spina Bifida
Authors: Alabi Noreen B. , Thibadeau Judy , Wiener John S. , Conklin Mike J. , Dias Mark S. , Sawin Kathleen J. , Valdez Rodolfo
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Patients with spina bifida (SB) typically develop serious secondary conditions and undergo surgical procedures related to neurologic disorders, orthopedic abnormalities, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and skin breakdown. In this study, we describe the age distribution of common surgical procedures and health outcomes in patients with SB.

METHODS:

Using serial cross-sectional data from the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry (2009–2013; n = 4664), we examined surgical procedures (gastrointestinal, neurologic, orthopedic, skin, urologic, and other) and health outcomes (fecal continence, urinary continence, skin breakdown, and ambulation status) of patients with SB by age and SB type (myelomeningocele and nonmyelomeningocele).

RESULTS:

All patients who were enrolled had available health outcome data, and 81.5% (n = 3801) of patients had complete surgical procedure data, which totaled 18 891 procedures across their lifetimes. Almost all procedures (91.4%) occurred among participants with myelomeningocele SB. For both types of SB, the distribution of procedures varied by age. The most frequent procedures were neurologic, with approximately half (53%) occurring in patients <1 year of age; orthopedic and urologic procedures followed in frequency but tended to occur at older ages. The health outcomes for patients with myelomeningocele SB revealed lower frequencies of positive health outcomes than those for patients with nonmyelomeningocele SB across all age groups. Overall, the rates of fecal and urinary continence and skin breakdown increased with age whereas the ability to ambulate declined with age.

CONCLUSIONS:

Understanding the surgical procedures and health outcome variations by age and SB type can help clinicians and populations that are affected set expectations regarding the occurrence of these procedures and the outcomes throughout the patients’ life spans.
Development of social economy entities in Poland with particular emphasis on the Opole region: Institutional and organizational conditions
Authors: Broniszewski Michał
Published: August 2018

The development of social economy entities (PES) in the Opole Voivodeship is mainly related to growing regional social needs. Limited financial resources in the sphere of social policy result in the lack of effective solutions in the area of social and economic problems. The aim of this article is to present the current state of PES development in the Opolskie Voivodship with respect to the time perspective 2009-2017. The changes in the number of social economy entities in Opolskie voivodship was also presented in order to show the significance of this indicator for public actions aimed at the development of institutional and organizational support. In the theoretical layer, literature analysis was used to examine the organizationalconditions supporting the implementation of conditions conducive to the development of PES in the Opolskie Voivodeship. In the empirical layer, research methods of data analysis (quantitative), based on the analysis of the formation of new PES were used. These data will serve to better understand the conditions that favor and inhibit the development of PES in the Opolskie region. The author shows a disturbing tendency in the slowing growth of new PES.
National Programme for Social Economy Development as a strategic document: Assumptions – content – reception
Authors: Górnicka Krystyna
Published: August 2018

The National Programme for Social Economy Development (KPRES) was adopted in 2014. It was supposed to become a determinant of directions of public intervention and contribute to the development of the social economy. The adopted framework has ensured the consistency of the activities carried out at all levels. This article discusses the process of establishing the KPRES, its assumptions, the role of the regions in its implementation and its reception in the environment. It is also an attempt to determine whether the Program as a strategic document has the potential to influence the development of the social economy. All of the measures envisaged in it are coherent, logically linked, and take into account the role of regions in development of social economy. However, on the basis of the discrepancy between it and other regional programs, it is noted that not all of its provisions are implemented, especially in the regions. While voivodships have updated regional social economy programs or set up regional committees, there have been problems with accrediting OWES or establishing the number of jobs to be created in PS. This shows that KPRES is probably not perceived as an important document outside the social economy.
Perception of corporate social responsibility in a cooperative banks by their clients
Authors: Nowacka Anna
Published: August 2018

The concept of corporate social responsibility is part of the strategy of cooperative banks since they were set up. The cooperative character of these institutions and their willingness to compete with other financial market players reflect the main assumptions of CSR. Cooperative banks, while pursuing their mission and vision, try to combine commercial goals with the social dimension of their business.

The main purpose of the article is to present opinions of clients of cooperative banks on the implementation of corporate social responsibility by these institutions. The author attempts to answer the question, whether customers perceive the social aspect of cooperative banks operation and how they assess their approach to running a business.

The empirical basis for the issues discussed in the article is a study of the literature on the subject and the survey results of 132 clients of selected cooperative banks. The questions concerned include: social initiatives undertaken by cooperative banks, forms of support provided by these institutions and participation of clients in events sponsored by cooperative banks. To develop the research results the following methods have been used: structural indicators and chi-squared compliance test.

Following the results of the conducted research the general conclusion have been drawn. The most important of these is the fact, that the clients recognize social initiatives undertaken by cooperative banks. They appreciate the involvement of these institutions in promoting cultural and educational events as well as supporting and donating to social and charitable organizations. The idea of CSR is also realized through the process of financial education of the local community, and youth in particular.
Local social innovation supporting the development and functioning of entrepreneurship
Authors: Michna Anna , Męczyńska Anna
Published: August 2018

The state of local entrepreneurship is strongly influenced by actions undertaken by local self-government units. Research shows that the most common ways of support for entrepreneurship are limited to the use of various financial instruments and promotional activities. The aim of the article is to present innovative, systematized, locally-undertaken social innovations in Zabrze – novel solutions to support the development and functioning of entrepreneurship. The application of these innovative solutions should bring specified, useful and measurable benefits to society. These activities are included in the “Local Entrepreneurship Program for 2016-2020”.
Retraditionalisation in social economy: An example of school cooperatives
Authors: Nosal Przemysław , Waligóra Anna
Published: August 2018

The retraditionalisation is a useful tool to Polish social economy (SE) analysis. The aim of this paper is emphasizing the “traditional turn” in nowadays ES. To achieve this goal an example of the tradition and functioning of student cooperatives is used. Content analysis (quantitative and qualitative data), a survey with primary, secondary and post-gymnasium schools from the area of Poznan and individual in-depth interviews was conducted in the years 2015-2017. The most important finding of this text is pointing at the retraditionalisation as the key and important analytical phenomenon at the area of social economy.
Bócio em bovinos
Authors: Martins Kamila P.F. , Fonseca Tânia R.S. , Silva Emanoelly S. , Munhoz Thayanne C.P. , Dias Gustavo H.S. , Galiza Glauco J.N. , Oliveira Luiz G.S. , Boabaid Fabiana M.
Published: August 2018

RESUMO: Bócio é o aumento não inflamatório e não neoplásico da glândula tireoide em animais adultos e recém-nascidos. Uma das principais causas envolvidas é a deficiência nutricional de iodo. Relata-se neste trabalho, a ocorrência de três surtos de bócio em bovinos. Na primeira propriedade (Propriedade A), 60 bezerros foram afetados, sendo que 20 morreram logo após o nascimento, 30 recuperaram-se e 10 permaneceram doentes e tiveram remissão dos sinais apenas após tratamento parenteral com iodo. Na segunda propriedade (Propriedade B) uma vaca e seu feto foram acometidos e na terceira (Propriedade C) dois bezerros foram afetados. Os principais sinais clínicos observados nos bezerros foram aumento de volume bilateral na região cervical ventral, emagrecimento, dificuldade respiratória, hipotricose e desenvolvimento corpóreo retardado. Na propriedade A foi relatada ainda a ocorrência de abortamentos. Macroscopicamente, os bezerros e o feto apresentavam tireoide aumentada, vermelho-escura, com vascularização evidente e edema subcutâneo cervical. No surto dois também foi observado, à necropsia, aumento de volume da glândula tireoide da vaca. Microscopicamente, a tiroide dos bezerros e do feto apresentava folículos tireoidianos hiperplásicos, heterogêneos, destituídos de coloide e com interstício acentuadamente vascularizado. A tireoide da vaca era semelhante à dos bezerros, no entanto, possuía quantidade maior de coloide. Em todos os casos a suplementação mineral era realizada por meio da mistura de sal mineral com sal branco. Na Propriedade A o sal branco era não iodado e misturado em partes iguais com o sal mineral. Na Propriedade B o sal também era misturado a um sal branco não iodado na proporção e 1:2, respectivamente. Na Propriedade C o sal mineral e o sal branco não iodado eram ofertados em cochos separados no campo e, segundo relato do proprietário, os animais priorizavam o consumo do sal branco. Em todas as propriedades acompanhadas foi recomendada a interrupção da adição de sal branco na mistura mineral e a administração de iodo aos bezerros acometidos. Após essas medidas não foram observados novos casos nas propriedades. Apesar de ser uma enfermidade bem conhecida, ainda são poucos os relatados de casos de bócios em bovinos no Brasil. Além disso, pouco se sabe sobre as reais deficiências minerais de cada região, e que simples orientações de manejo nutricional ainda são necessárias.
Hematological and biochemical indicators of maturity in foals and their relation to the placental features
Authors: Feijó Lorena S. , Curcio Bruna R. , Pazinato Fernanda M. , Almeida Bruno A. , Moraes Bruna S.S. , Borba Luciana A. , Feijó Josiane O. , Nogueira Carlos E.W.
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT: Newborn’s health is directly related to gestational conditions and placental efficiency. The aims of this study were: (1) To evaluate hematological and biochemical parameters of foals born from mares with placentitis at birth and at 24h of age, (2) to verify if placental pathology had any influence on neonatal maturity degree through hematological and biochemical response of those foals. According to placental findings (control and placentitis) and neonatal maturity degree (mature and immature), foals were divided into three groups: (1) Control group (n=22), foals born from mares with placentitis and classified as (2) Mature (n=26), and (3) Immature (n=10). The hematocrit and plasma concentration of fibrinogen, total plasma protein, white blood cells count, lactate, glucose, creatinine, urea, albumin, bilirubin, triglyceride, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were measured. Placental features were significantly different between neonatal maturity degree (P=0.001). Mares that had acute placentitis foaled more immature neonates (n=8/10; 80%). Concentrations of fibrinogen (P=0.003), creatinine (P=0.021), total cholesterol (P=0.014), AST (P=0.001), GGT (P=0.002), total (P=0.001) and unconjugated bilirubin (P=0.010) were higher at birth in the Immature group, whereas albumin levels were lower (P=0.002). Foals born from mares with placentitis presented hyperlactatemia at 24h of age (P=0.002). Acute placentitis had an influence on the neonatal maturity, allowing an accelerated but incomplete fetal maturation. The monitoring of lactate, fibrinogen, creatinine, bilirubin, cholesterol, albumin, AST, and GGT levels, associated with clinical, physical, and behavior evaluation may contribute as indicators of neonatal maturity.