bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiopatia congênita: estado nutricional e proporcionalidade corporal ao nascimento
Authors: Pereira Izabela dos Santos , Pinho Cláudia Porto Sabino , da Silveira Adriana César
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Congenital heart diseases have a great impact on perinatal and infant mortality rates in Brazil. These are diseases that can lead to compromised growth and development of the child. The purpose of this study is to describe the nutritional condition and the corporal proportionality to the birth of children with congenital heart disease. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study using data on the birth of children with congenital heart disease admitted to a cardiology service in the Northeast of Brazil between 2011 and 2014. The nutritional status was assessed by
weight/age (W/A) indicators, length/age, weight/length, body mass index/age (BMI/A), ponderal index, cephalic perimeter. Results: A total of 117 patients were evaluated, being 60.7% male and 20.9% with cyanotic heart disease. It was found that 6.8% of the children were low birth weight. The nutritional indexes showed a 3.4% deficit in the W/A indicator, in weight/length 5.1%, for BMI/A 4.3% and length/age 7.8%. The ponderal index showed that 28.2% of the children were disproportionate at birth and 84.4% had a normal head circumference. Lower Z score values of W/A (p = 0.030) and BMI/A (p = 0.023) for cyanotic heart disease compared to other types of congenital heart diseases were observed in our study. Conclusions: Children with congenital heart disease had relatively preserved nutritional status at birth, with prevalence of nutritional disorders
similar to those described in the literature.
PENGARUH KOORDINASI MATA KAKI DAN KESEIMBANGAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN SEPAK SILA SISWA SMK LPP UMI MAKASSAR
Authors: Yusuf Akbar , Sahrul Jahrir Andi
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of ankle coordination and the balance of soccer skills of students of Vocational School of LPP YW UMI Makassar. The research method used was descriptive, the study sample was 30 students. The results of this study indicate the effect caused by ankle coordination and the balance of football skills of the UMI Makassar LPP Vocational School students have a significant influence between ankle coordination on football skills in sepak takraw games and a significant influence between the balance of soccer skills in the game sepak takraw. As well as a significant influence between ankle coordination and the balance of football skills in sepak takraw games.
Analysis Factors Affecting
Indonesia Stock Market
(Case Studies on Consumer Goods Index)
Authors: Sumantri Vietha Devia Sagita
Published: May 2020

This study aims to examine the eﬀect of exchange rate and inﬂation on the stock market.
The exchange rate used is the Rupiah against the US Dollar and the Consumer Price Index as
a measure of inﬂation. While the sector used as a stock market case study is the Consumer
Goods Index Sector. The study period during 2010–2017. The method used multiple linear
regression with R software. The classic assumption test results show the existence of
autocorrelation problems, but can be correcting by the Cochrane-Orcutt method on Eviews
after 8 model iterations. The results of multiple linear regression tests showed that the
exchange rate has a significant negative eﬀect, while inﬂation has no significant eﬀect on
the Consumer Goods Index.
Theory of Consumer Behavior in Economic Science
Authors: Sazanova Svetlana
Published: May 2020

The aims of this article is to study the evolution of the theory of consumer behavior in economic science in the context of the ratio of rational and irrational motives of behavior and the answer to the question: can the theory of economic communications become an instrument for the further development of the theory of consumer behavior. The research methodology includes the method of rational reconstruction of scientific knowledge, the method of comparative analysis, the historical method, the method of scientific abstraction and others. The theoretical basis of the study is the work of representatives of various areas of economic thought in a historical context, including ancient philosophers, scholastics, mercantilists, representatives of classical political economy, neoclassical economic theory, behavioral economics, institutional economics, systemic economic theory.The author concludes that the further development of the theory of consumer behavior is possible based on a synthesis of the theory of productive consumption and the theory of economic communications.
Considerations on the Evaluation and Management of Volumetric Surface Defects on Pipelines Using 3D Scanning and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Lambrescu Ionut , Dinita Alin , Minescu Mihail
Published: May 2020

The paper proposes an original approach in the evaluation of the Volumetric Surface Defects (VSD) appearing in pipelines. The methodology we propose consists in performing, in the first phase, a superficial polishing (molding) of the VSD, such as the micro-cracks are eliminated. The second step implies 3D scanning of the molded VSD. The third step implies a comparative evaluation, using the Finite Element Analysis, of the pipeline with the polished VSD, and rectangular shaped machined VSDs. The comparative analysis will allow choosing the best scenario, both in terms of pipeline strength and economic efficiency (expressed in volume of the removed material).
Synthesis and Characterization of Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Produced for Drug Delivery in Viscoelastic Solution
Authors: Antoniac Iulian , Cernea Alexandru , Petcu Cristian , Laptoiu Dan , Tabaras Diana , Tecu Camelia , Antoniac Aurora , Gradinaru Sebastian
Published: May 2020

Drug delivery systems enable transportation of drugs in the body, controlling the time, rate or place of the release rendering them ideal for local treatments. When treating joint diseases such as osteoarthritis of the knee the therapeutically substances are given intra-particularly. Magnetic nanoparticles are used so that the solution containing the treatment can be easily directed from the outside with the help of magnets allowing the drug to reach the maximum concentration at the area of interest. Functionalization of nanoparticles is necessary to obtain viscoelastic solutions with optimal physico-chemical and medical properties. This paper presents a superior method of delivering intraarticular hyaluronic acid using iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe2O3) which were embedded in tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMOH) and coated using a layer-by-layer technique with hyaluronic acid and inulin. TMOH was chosen for a better dispersion of nanoparticles in the viscoelastic solution, eliminating the risk of agglomerations, hyaluronic acid and inulin being used for medical purposes.
Advanced Identification and Quantification of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables by GC-ToFMS Technique
Authors: Stegarus Diana Ionela , Ionete Roxana Elena , Lengyel Ecaterina , Miricioi Marius Gheorghe
Published: May 2020

The identification and quantification of a large range of pesticide residues (e.g. fungicides, insecticides, acaricides) in vegetables from Romania markets, in Maramures, Alba Iulia and Botosani region, was performed by gas-chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-ToFMS) to better assess the impact of agricultural practices that may result from `accidental` application of higher doses of treatment solutions. The ion chromatograms obtained by GC-ToFMS enabled us to easily quantify at ppb level and to record the entire spectrum at high speeds (up to 500 spectra/second) without losing of the data quality. Although, most of the pesticide residues detected were below the limits set by the law, the results highlighted concentrations that exceeded the maximum allowed for toclofos-methyl and malathion from recent treatments and still high levels of alpha- and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (mostly in green lettuce) from the historical treatments. It was also evidenced that green lettuce accumulated more than 77% higher amount of pesticides than cucumber, green beans and tomatoes.
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins Method versus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunochromatography with Monoclonal Antibodies
in Pediatric Infection with Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Iftimi Raluca Suzana , Stanescu Ana Maria Alexandra , Anton Carmen , Diaconescu Smaranda , Gimiga Nicoleta , Rosu Oana-Maria
Published: May 2020

The current methods for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children include invasive (direct) methods, that enable the detection of the bacteria or the bacterial urease in gastric biopsies, or noninvasive (indirect) methods, which consist of researching specific antibodies, antigens and urease in other different samples (serum, saliva, urine, stool, exhaled air). The urease functions in H. pylori infection is to neutralize gastric acid by producing NH3 through the hydrolysis of urea. Monochloramine, a NH3-derived compounds has cytotoxic effects on host cells. The Western Blot method refers to the extraction of a a sodium dodecyl sulphate from a Helicobacter pylori strain followed by a separation of the solubilised protein using discontinous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis according to molecular mass and transfer of the separated proteins to nitrocellulose. The ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique refers to the detection of Anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies type Ig G. We also used an immunochromatographic system with the lateral leakage test strip based on the principle of the sandwich technique with monoclonal antibodies. As a result, more than two types of reactions can be detected on a single assay device by the combination of colloidal gold �labelled antibodies and complementary oligonucleotide-labelled immobilized at different places on a nitrocellulose membrane. Our study aims to assess the performances of the Western Blot method for determining anti-Helicobacter pylori Ig A and Ig G antibodies in correlation with clinical data and other available diagnosis methods. For validation purposes, the results were compared to those obtained using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, gastric biopsy and immunochromatography.
The Heat Transfer Characteristics in Stepped Hole of Traditional Metal Materials Induced by Stepped Film Holes
Authors: Libing Lin , Bo Zhang , Jiquan Li , Naru Zhang
Published: May 2020

With the increase of temperature requirement, the application of metal matrix materials is gradually reduced due to its poor temperature resistance. In order to improve the application of traditional metal based materials, new cooling technology must be developed to meet the application of metal based materials. In this paper, the cooling flow field of cylindrical hole and two kinds of stepped film holes based on metal materials is simulated by large eddy method(LES), the development of vortex structure and flow characteristics in the mixing area of coolant flow and mainstream are analyzed and studied. The distribution is strongly effected by stronger thermal convection compared with the new temperature resistant material. The results show that four kinds of vortices form downstream the film hole, namely, horseshoes vortex, shear layer vortex, hairpin vortex and the counter rotate vortex pair (CVP). The CVRP formed on the stepped plane which strongly influences the flow and heat transfer of downstream, which is more evident in metal based materials, especially resulted by its isotropic features. Compared with the cylindrical film hole, the structure of step plane efficiently decreases the coolant flow velocity which results in a decrease of the CVP intensity so that the cooling film is adherent to the wall. The thermal conductivity of metal base material is strong, which has a great influence on the temperature distribution inside the wall. Velocity pulsation tightly influenced by CVP, in where the CVP intensity is strong, velocity pulsation is also strong so that the coolant flow strongly mixes with the mainstream. The flow velocity and velocity pulsation decrease with the increasing of the area ratio of stepped hole. The influence of geometric parameters on the heat transfer performance is mainly due to the high heat transfer performance of the metal matrix material.
Study on the Emission Characteristics of PCDD/Fs and Other Multiple Pollutants in Flue Gas from Sintering Plant in China
Authors: Hui Wang , Pu Zhang
Published: May 2020

In China, sintering flue gas has become the most important source of air pollution rather than burning coal-fired flue gas.The emission characteristics and removal efficiencies of various gaseous pollutants were studiedon a 180 m2 sintering equipped with a semi-dry oxidative desulfurization and denitrification system in Tangshang, Hebei province. The emission concentrations of particulate matter, fluoride,NOX and SO2were measured in the flue gas whilepolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs) were tested in both flue gas and dust ash at 100% and 60% loadconditions. The collections and analyses ofpollutantswere used by smoke sampler, TESTO350 and dioxin sampleraccording to national standards of China. The results shown that the average emission concentration of particulate matter, fluoride, NOX and SO2 in the inlet of the flue gas purification system were 47.4 mg/m3, 0.12 mg/m3, 150 mg/m3 and 521 mg/m3 while the emission concentrations in the outlet were 1.2 mg/m3, 0.07 mg/m3, 24 mg/m3 and 20 mg/m3,respectively. Through the flue gas purification system, the PCDD/Fs concentrations were reduced from 23.12 ng/m3to 1.14 ng/m3at100% load and from 12.25 ng/m3 to 0.84 ng/m3at60% load. The PCDD/Fs concentrations in the dust ash were about 178.56~197.21 ng/kg. Thedesulfurization and denitrification system significant reduced effect on the emission of particulate matter, fluoride, NOX, SO2 and PCDD/Fs with the value 97.5%, 41.7%, 84.0%, 96.2% and 95.1% at 100% load, respectively.The removal affects increases along the chlorination degree of PCDD/Fs. Meanwhile,the different load influenced the emission concentrations and removal rates of PCDD/Fs in the flue gas, the removal effects increases as the load increases. Although the desulfurization and denitrification system has good removal effects on various pollutants, the dioxins were enriched in the dust ashso as to cause secondary pollution.
Testing Soil Accumulation of Cd from Reclaimed Water
Authors: Sun Siheng , Huang Guozhong , Cai Jiaran , Jiang Dong
Published: May 2020

The reuse of wastewater improves the comprehensive utilization of water resources, and reduces the shortage of water resources. In this paper, the accumulation of heavy metal Cd risk in reclaimed water irrigated soil to human health was analysised through experiments and simulations. Firstly, according to the static adsorption experiment of sandy clay loam, the fitting effect of Freundlich equation on Cd is better for the certainty coefficient R2 reaches 0.97. Then, use the more accurate DEM model of CXTFIT2.1 software to fit the Cl- penetration curve. Finally, made the heavy metal leading experiment, found that the TSM model has a good fitting effect on the penetration curve of Cd, with a determination coefficient close to 1 and a small standard error coefficient. Based on the results of the above experiments, the HYDRUS-1D was used to analyze and predict the cumulative risk of Cd in reclaimed water irrigated soil. The results showed that: after 100 years under current situations, the predicted concentration of Cd in soil may reach 0.742 mg/kg, which exceeded the national soil environmental quality standard, may be a serious health hazard. Measures should be taken to reduce the risk of human health by ingestion and accumulation of crops and vegetables.
Kaji Terap Kecerdasan Buatan di Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
Authors: Riza Hammam , Nugroho Anto Satriyo , Gunarso
Published: May 2020

BPPT mulai melakukan penelitian dan pengembangan di bidang kecerdasan buatan sejak tahun 1987 yaitu dengan keterlibatannya dalam proyek sistem mesin penerjemah multi bahasa yang disponsori oleh pemerintah Jepang. Penelitian di bidang mesin penerjemah ini terus berlanjut seiring dengan keterlibatan BPPT dalam beberapa proyek sesudahnya, antara lain proyek UNL, PAN Localization, ASEAN-MT, dan U-STAR.Beberapa metode pun telah digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem mesin penerjemah, dari penggunaan metode Interlingua yang berbasis aturan, berbasis statistik, sampai dengan metode sequence-to-sequenceyang menggunakan deep learning. Di bidang pemrosesan bahasa alami lainnya, BPPT juga melakukan riset dalam bidang pengenalan wicara atau ASR (Automatic Speech Recognition) yang telah menghasilkan produk komersial Perisalah yang berfungsi untuk mencatat segala bentuk pembicaraan di dalam rapat dan membuat notulensi secara cepat. Di bidang pembangkit wicara atau TTS (Text-to-Speech) BPPT telah memulai risetnya sejak tahun 2001 yang saat itu masih menggunakan metode diphone concatenation hingga saat ini menggunakan metode end-to-end.Selain riset di bidang teknologi pemrosesan alami, BPPT juga melakukan penelitian aplikasi kecerdasan buatan dalam pengolahan citra. Antara lain pengembangan sistem diagnosis Malaria, identifikasi individu memakai sidik jari, selaput pelangi, maupun wajah. Penelitiandi bidang biometrik ini seiring dengan tugas BPPT melakukan pendampingan Kementrian Dalam Negeri dalam implementasi KTP elektronik. Selain itu BPPT juga melakukan layanan pengujian KTP-elektronik bagi industri dalam negeri dari sisi teknologi kartu cerdas dan teknologi biometrik. BPPT juga turut mempersiapkan perancangan standar nasional biometrik (SNI) untuk pertukaran data, misalnya format penyimpanan data sidik jari pada chip KTP elektronik. Pada tahun 2019 BPPT memiliki Pusat Unggulan Iptek Biometrik yang menggalang kegiatan litbangyasa maupun layanan teknologi di bidang biometrik untuk kemandirian bangsa.
Vinculación en materia de innovación entre la Universidad de Guadalajara y el sector productivo farmacéutico en Jalisco. ¿Refleja el tránsito hacia sociedades del conocimiento?
Authors: Sánchez Cervantes Claudia Fabiola , Arechavala Vargas Ricardo
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo ofrece una caracterización del proceso de vinculación que se lleva a cabo entre la Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG) y el Sector Productivo Farmacéutico de Jalisco (SPFJ) hacia el llamado modo 2 de Gibbons. Mediante la aplicación de entrevistas no estructuradas a los responsables de innovación en las empresas y a miembros de la universidad y con una revisión documental se muestra: el crecimiento de personas calificadas en las áreas de conocimiento específicas y la inversión gubernamental en el desarrollo de ciencia y tecnología, para una temporalidad que comprende del año 2010 al 2015.
Discapacidad, Educación Especial Y Educación Inclusiva Reflexiones necesarias
Authors: Schewe Carolina Lelia
Published: May 2020

El artículo describe las contradicciones y posibilidades de los procesos educativos a partir de la Convención Internacional de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad. El análisis contempla las instituciones, los actores, el currículum y las políticas públicas, en este período de transición que propone el Modelo Social de la discapacidad. El enfoque, sostiene que la discapacidad no debe ser atribuida a los sujetos, sino a las barreras que se encuentran en sus entornos de desarrollo. Los espacios escolares deben transformarse, construirse social y políticamente -entonces- como espacios inclusivos.
El arte al servicio de la educación y la cultura
Authors: Mena García Enrique
Published: May 2020

Nuestra intención es aplicar el conocimiento y la pasión irreversible hacia el arte en la dirección de unas políticas de desarrollo humano desde diversos ámbitos como el social, el educativo y el cultural, y pretender que interaccionen en valores de diversidad, respeto y tolerancia, unas actitudes que fortaleceremos y que se agrandarán para avanzar en el beneficio del ser humano. Aplicamos una enseñanza con ese despertar del sentido humano no solo en niños o jóvenes, porque el mensaje visual aportado tiene al planeta de destinatario.
Diseño e implementación de una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de la filosofía y las ciencias naturales según el modelo Flippedclassroom
Authors: Solano Suárez Armando , Pérez Villamarín Diego Germán
Published: May 2020

El estudio muestra la implementación del aula invertida como metodología para mejorar los resultados académicos. El diseño cuasi experimental contó con un grupo experimental y de control, en donde participaron estudiantes de sexto grado a quienes se les aplicó un pre test y pos test, según los programas del área Filosofía y Ciencias Naturales; se organizó un plan de formación docente. Se aplicó la experiencia a 224 estudiantes través de videos como herramientas pedagógicas; luego se aplica el post test evidenciando en las evaluaciones que el 85 % de la población respondieron de manera acertada. Se concluyó que la puesta en práctica del aula invertida mejora los resultados del aprendizaje; adicionalmente, el aula pasa a ser un espacio participativo, en el que se articulan las habilidades de los estudiantes con los saberes del maestro, haciendo que el aula esté mejor dispuesta para profundizar y consolidar el conocimiento.
La escuela, esa joven tecnología de poder. Escuela y medicalización de las infancias como dispositivos de disciplinamiento social
Authors: Di Deo Adriana Silvia
Published: May 2020

La pedagogía acompaña la creación de la escuela-encierro infantil y su normativización, intentando hacer confluir lo histórico con lo biológico y lo psicológico. La medicalización de las infancias no escapa a esto. Distintos pensadores de la educación, en diferentes momentos históricos, coinciden con la existencia de la escuela como dispositivo para formar al niño en ideales de la sociedad y él pueda ser parte activa de ella. De no ocurrir, el niño quedaría por fuera del sistema y se lo derivaría a otro dispositivo disciplinador.
Ejes pedagógicos que articulan los proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio
Authors: Mayor Paredes Domingo
Published: May 2020

El Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS), como objeto de estudio de naturaleza multidimensional e interdisciplinar, puede ser analizado con distintas intencionalidades. Este artículo se focaliza en las diversas dimensiones pedagógicas que vertebran los proyectos de ApS. A partir de la disección de los planteamientos realizados por autores reconocidos en el ámbito iberoamericano, ofrece una visión panorámica de cada una de las regularidades: aprendizaje, servicio, participación, reflexión, intencionalidad educativa, etc., que van tejiendo los proyectos. Regularidades que sirven para identificar las señas de identidad de dichas prácticas, así como las similitudes y diferencias que mantienen con otros métodos educativos y con otras prácticas experienciales.
Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach
Authors: Cruz Valeriano Edgar , Gervacio Arciniega José Juan , Enriquez Flores Christian Iván , Meraz Dávila Susana , Moreno Palmerin Joel , Hernández Landaverde Martín Adelaido , Chipatecua Godoy Yuri Lizbeth , Gutiérrez Peralta Aime Margarita , Ramírez Bon Rafael , Yañez Limón José Martín
Published: May 2020

In this work, a high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging technique is developed in order to obtain the local indentation modulus at the nanoscale level. The technique uses a model that gives a qualitative relationship between a set of contact resonance frequencies and the indentation modulus. It is based on white-noise excitation of the tip–sample interaction and uses system theory for the extraction of the resonance modes. During conventional scanning, for each pixel, the tip–sample interaction is excited with a white-noise signal. Then, a fast Fourier transform is applied to the deflection signal that comes from the photodiodes of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) equipment. This approach allows for the measurement of several vibrational modes in a single step with high frequency resolution, with less computational cost and at a faster speed than other similar techniques. This technique is referred to as stochastic atomic force acoustic microscopy (S-AFAM), and the frequency shifts of the free resonance frequencies of an AFM cantilever are used to determine the mechanical properties of a material. S-AFAM is implemented and compared with a conventional technique (resonance tracking-atomic force acoustic microscopy, RT-AFAM). A sample of a graphite film on a glass substrate is analyzed. S-AFAM can be implemented in any AFM system due to its reduced instrumentation requirements compared to conventional techniques.
Bipyrrole boomerangs via Pd-mediated tandem cyclization–oxygenation. Controlling reaction selectivity and electronic properties
Authors: Moshniaha Liliia , Żyła-Karwowska Marika , Cybińska Joanna , Chmielewski Piotr J , Favereau Ludovic , Stępień Marcin
Published: May 2020

Boomerang-shaped bipyrroles containing donor–acceptor units were obtained through a tandem palladium-mediated reaction consisting of a cyclization step, involving double C–H bond activation, and a double α-oxygenation. The latter reaction can be partly suppressed for the least reactive systems, providing access to α-unsubstituted boomerangs for the first time. These “α-free” systems are highly efficient fluorophores, with emission quantum yields exceeding 80% in toluene. Preliminary measurements show that helicene-like boomerangs may be usable as circularly polarized luminescent materials.
WIYN Open Cluster Study LXXX: HDI CCD UBVRI Photometry of the Old Open Cluster NGC 7142 and Comparison to M67*
Authors: Sun Qinghui , Deliyannis Constantine P. , Twarog Bruce A. , Anthony-Twarog Barbara J. , Steinhauer Aaron
Published: May 2020

We present UBVRI photometry of 8702 stars in a 0.°5 × 0.°5 field in the direction of NGC 7142, taken with the Half Degree Imager at the WIYN 0.9 m telescope, to improve knowledge of this cluster’s basic parameters. Our photometry spans the ranges 10.6–20.4 mag in U, 10.6–22.0 mag in B, 10.0–21.8 mag in V, 9.2–20.7 mag in R, and 8.5–19.9 mag in I. Using color–color diagrams that employ all four color combinations that include U, versus B − V, we derive a reddening–metallicity relation for the cluster, with preferred values E(B − V) = 0.338 ± 0.031 mag for the left-edge fiducial of the main sequence and [Fe/H] = 0.0 ± 0.1 dex, where the Hyades cluster has been used as an unreddened reference cluster, the extinction relations of Cardelli have been employed, and the metallicity dependence of the Yonsei-Yale (Y
2) isochrones has been assumed. Comparison of our data to the Y
2 isochrones in multiple color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) yields distance–metallicity and age–metallicity relations, with preferred values of

mag and age = 

Gyr. Re-evaluation of the parameters of M67 using Stetson’s UBVI photometry yields [Fe/H] = −0.02 ± 0.05 dex, E(B − V) = 0.04 ± 0.01 mag, m − M = 9.75 ± 0.03 mag, and age = 3.85 ± 0.17 Gyr; we thus find the metallicity and age of the two clusters to be indistinguishable. A semi-independent analysis adopting the parameters of M67 and shifting the fiducials of the two clusters in six CMDs until they match strongly corroborates the values listed above. The differences between our inferred parallaxes and the Gaia DR2 values are 87 ± 60 μas for NGC 7142 and 48 ± 15 μas for M67, consistent with previous studies.
California-Kepler Survey. IX. Revisiting the Minimum-mass Extrasolar Nebula with Precise Stellar Parameters
Authors: Dai Fei , Winn Joshua N. , Schlaufman Kevin , Wang Songhu , Weiss Lauren , Petigura Erik A. , Howard Andrew W. , Fang Min
Published: May 2020

We investigate a possible correlation between the solid surface density Σ of the minimum-mass extrasolar nebula (MMEN) and the host star mass M
⋆ and metallicity [Fe/H]. Leveraging on the precise host star properties from the California-Kepler Survey (CKS), we found that

(a/1 au)−1.75±0.07 (M
⋆/M
⊙)1.04±0.22 100.22±0.05[Fe/H] for Kepler-like systems (1–4R
⊕; a < 1 au). The strong M
⋆ dependence is reminiscent of previous dust continuum results that the solid disk mass scales with M
⋆. The weaker [Fe/H] dependence shows that sub-Neptune planets, unlike giant planets, form readily in lower metallicity environment. The innermost region (a < 0.1 au) of an MMEN maintains a smooth profile despite a steep decline of planet occurrence rate: a result that favors the truncation of disks by corotating magnetospheres with a range of rotation periods, rather than the sublimation of dust. The Σ of Kepler multitransiting systems shows a much stronger correlation with M
⋆ and [Fe/H] than singles. This suggests that the dynamically hot evolution that produced single systems also partially removed the memory of formation in disks. Radial-velocity planets yielded a MMEN very similar to CKS planets; transit-timing-variation planets’ postulated convergent migration history is supported by their poorly constrained MMEN. We found that lower mass stars have a higher efficiency of forming/retaining planets: for Sun-like stars, about 20% of the solid mass within ∼1 au are converted/preserved as sub-Neptunes, compared to 70% for late-K to early-M stars. This may be due to the lower binary fraction, lower giant-planet occurrence, or the longer disk lifetime of lower mass stars.
HBV Flare Associated with Immunosuppressive Treatments: It is Still Dangerous in the Third-Generation Antivirals Era
Authors: Toka Bilal , Koksal Aydin Seref , iskender Gülşen , Çakmak Erol , Üsküdar Oǧuz , Sezikli Mesut , Şirin Göktuǧ , Yildirim Abdullah Emre , Fidan Sami , Acar Şencan , Eminler Ahmet Tarik , Uslan Mustafa Ihsan , Hülagü Sadettin
Published: May 2020

Background

There are limited data about the mortality and morbidity of patients with HBV flare related to immunosuppressive treatments (IST) in the third-generation antivirals era. Herein, we performed a multi-centric study in patients treated with entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and evaluated their clinical course.

Methods

The study group included patients who were referred to gastroenterology or infectious disease specialists at eight different hospitals in Turkey. HBV flare was defined as at least a threefold elevation in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels above the upper limit of normal range. The demographic data, IST protocol, virological markers, liver tests, international normalized ratio (INR), HBV DNA, reactivation risk profile according to AGA guideline, MELD and MELD-Na scores were retrospectively evaluated. The primary aim of the study was to determine the liver-related mortality, including transplantation, at 12 weeks and factors predicting it. Secondary aims were to compare ETV and TDF with respect to mortality and time to ALT, bilirubin normalization and HBV DNA undetectability.

Results

The study group included 40 patients (29 males, mean age: 57 ±12 years). Twenty-five patients (62.5%) had a high risk of reactivation. Twenty-six patients received TDF and 14 patients received ETV treatment. Eight (20%) patients developed acute liver failure and one patient (2.5%) underwent living donor liver transplantation. Seven patients died due to liver-related complications, revealing a mortality rate of 17.5%. In multivariate analysis, total bilirubin levels at the onset, ALT levels and delta-MELD score at the first week were the independent risk factors for liver related mortality (HR: 1.222, 1.003, 1.253 and 95% CI: 1.096, 1.362; 1.001, 1.004 and 1.065, 1.470, respectively). There was no significant difference between the TDF and ETV groups with respect to time to normalize ALT and bilirubin levels, HBV DNA undetectability and mortality rates (16% and 21.4%, respectively).

Conclusions

HBV flare associated with IST has a high mortality in the third-generation antivirals era. High total bilirubin at the onset and high ALT and delta-MELD score at the first week predict poor prognosis.
Three new Diaporthe species from Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Yang Qin , Jiang Ning , Tian Cheng-Ming
Published: May 2020

Diaporthe species (Sordariomycetes, Diaporthales) are often reported as important plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes on a wide range of plant hosts. In this study, Diaporthe specimens were collected from symptomatic twigs and branches at the Huoditang Forest Farm in Shaanxi Province, China. Identification was done using a combination of morphology and comparison of DNA sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), calmodulin (cal), histone H3 (his3), partial translation elongation factor-1α (tef1) and β-tubulin (tub2) gene regions. Three new Diaporthe species are proposed: D. albosinensis, D. coryli and D. shaanxiensis. All species are illustrated and their morphology and phylogenetic relationships with other Diaporthe species are discussed.
Hierarchical classification system of Germany’s ecosystems as basis for an ecosystem accounting – methods and first results
Authors: Grunewald Karsten , Schweppe-Kraft Burkhard , Syrbe Ralf-Uwe , Meier Sophie , Krüger Tobias , Schorcht Martin , Walz Ulrich
Published: May 2020

Information on changes in the area of different ecosystems is needed in order to establish an accounting system for ecosystem conditions and services. Currently, there are no comprehensive field mappings for the German federal states that obey a uniform mapping system. To create a nationwide “ecosystem accounting”, it is necessary to develop a uniform system of ecosystem classifications that can consistently deal with diverse nationwide data sources on the extent and condition of ecosystems, some of which use their own forms of classification. Against this background, we present a concrete proposal on how to combine and blend GIS land-use and ecosystem data that is compatible with EU-wide approaches with other regularly collected data sources, for example, from sample-based surveys, so as to generate a complete, updatable picture of the state of Germany’s ecosystems. The area shares of ecosystem types (ETs) can be shown in maps. Allocation tables with different classes or levels (layers) enable an ecosystem extent accounting, which are used to help draw up balances (area balance, status balance, service balance) and can be further detailed, depending on the task at hand. First results and trends of areal changes of main and sub-ecosystem types in Germany, based on the proposed classification system, are presented and discussed. However, the brevity of the considered timeframe (the three periods 2012-2015-2018) does not yet allow us to pinpoint trends or migratory movements, as these may be masked by methodological changes in the classification of land use and land cover. Nonetheless, the presented system for accounting changes in ecosystem areas should be continued and developed in the future in order to create a useful tool for biodiversity monitoring in Germany.
Kleinhandel in Brussel: de stad verzoenen met een sector in volle verandering
Authors: Wayens Benjamin , Debroux Tatiana , Godart Pernelle , Mahieu Céline , Strale Mathieu , d'Ieteren Emmanuel
Published: May 2020

In 2017 telde het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest 20 700 verkooppunten van goederen en diensten, via dewelke de Brusselaars 87 % van hun uitgaven besteden. De detailhandel vertegenwoordigt ongeveer 9 % van de werkgelegenheid in het gewest. Deze synthesenota geeft een overzicht van de kennis over de handel in Brussel, een essentiële economische sector die echter moeilijk te vatten is wegens de diversiteit. Bovendien wordt deze sector geconfronteerd met ingrijpende veranderingen in de consumptie, de stadsomgeving en de interne organisatie van het beroep. Na een toelichting van het analysekader, waarbij de handel wordt gedefinieerd aan de hand van de functies, vormen en spelers, komen de auteurs tot een aantal bevindingen die verband houden met belangrijke dynamieken in de sector (verandering van aanbod en vraag, ontwikkeling van de overheidsregulering...). Het derde deel van de nota biedt een antwoord hierop door te bepalen met welke grote uitdagingen de sector, met de steun van de overheid, rekening zal moeten houden om handel en stad weer met elkaar te kunnen verzoenen.
Retail trade in Brussels: reconciling the city with a changing sector
Authors: Wayens Benjamin , Debroux Tatiana , Godart Pernelle , Mahieu Céline , Strale Mathieu , d'Ieteren Emmanuel
Published: May 2020

In 2017, the Brussels-Capital Region 20 700 points of sale for goods and services, accounting for 87 % of the expenditure made by the inhabitants of Brussels. This retail trade provides about 9 % of regional employment. This synopsis reviews what is known about distribution in Brussels, an indispensable economic sector whose complexity makes it difficult to understand due to its diversity, and which is subject to profound changes in consumption, the urban environment and the internal organisation of the profession. After outlining the framework of the analysis by defining trade through its functions, forms and stakeholders, the authors draw up several observations associated with major dynamics in the sector (transformation of supply and demand and changes in public regulation in particular). The third part of the synopsis responds to these observations by identifying clear issues which, if taken into account by the sector and supported by public authorities, could reconcile trade with urban space.
3D Technologies and Applications in Sign Language
Authors: Stefanidis Kiriakos , Konstantinidis Dimitrios , Kalvourtzis Athanasios , Dimitropoulos Kosmas , Daras Petros
Published: May 2020

Millions of people suffering from partial or complete hearing loss use variants of sign language to communicate with each other or hearing people in their everyday life. Thus, it is imperative to develop systems to assist these people by removing the barriers that affect their social inclusion. These systems should aim towards capturing sign language in an accurate way, classifying sign language to natural words and representing sign language by having avatars or synthesized videos execute the exact same moves that convey a meaning in the sign language. This chapter reviews current state-of-the-art approaches that attempt to solve sign language recognition and representation and analyzes the challenges they face. Furthermore, this chapter presents a novel AI-based solution to the problem of robust sign language capturing and representation, as well as a solution to the unavailability of annotated sign language datasets before limitations and directions for future work are discussed.
Emerging Trends in 3D Image Reconstruction and Modeling
Authors: Boobalan Parimala
Published: May 2020

In recent years, there is a demand for 3D content for computer graphics, communications, and virtual reality. 3D modelling is an emerging topic that is applied in so many real-world applications. The images are taken through camera at multiple angles and medical imaging techniques like CT scan and MRI are also used. From a set of images, intersection of these projection rays is considered to be the position for 3D point. This chapter discusses the construction of 3D images from multiple objects. Various approaches used for construction, triangulation method, challenges in building this model, and the application of 3D models are explained in this chapter.
Image Clustering and Video Summarization for Efficient 3D Modelling and Reconstruction
Authors: Voulodimos Athanasios , Protopapadakis Eftychios , Doulamis Nikolaos , Doulamis Anastasios
Published: May 2020

Although high quality 3D representations of important cultural landmarks can be obtained via sophisticated photogrammetric techniques, their demands in terms of resources and expertise pose limitations on the scale at which such approaches are used. In parallel, the proliferation of multimedia content posted online creates new possibilities in terms of the ways that such rich content can be leveraged, but only after addressing the significant challenges associated with this content, including its massive volume, unstructured nature, and noise. In this chapter, two strategies are proposed for using multimedia content for 3D reconstruction: an image-based approach that employs clustering techniques to eliminate outliers and a video-based approach that extracts key frames via a summarization technique. In both cases, the reduced and outlier-free image data set is used as input to a structure from motion framework for 3D reconstruction. The presented techniques are evaluated on the basis of the reconstruction of two world-class cultural heritage monuments.
Single View 3D Face Reconstruction
Authors: Ferrari Claudio , Berretti Stefano , del Bimbo Alberto
Published: May 2020

3D face reconstruction from a single 2D image is a fundamental computer vision problem of extraordinary difficulty that dates back to the 1980s. Briefly, it is the task of recovering the three-dimensional geometry of a human face from a single RGB image. While the problem of automatically estimating the 3D structure of a generic scene from RGB images can be regarded as a general task, the particular morphology and non-rigid nature of human faces make it a challenging problem for which dedicated approaches are still currently studied. This chapter aims at providing an overview of the problem, its evolutions, the current state of the art, and future trends.
Social Representations of Nurses on Medical Safety Culture in Clinical Care for Elderly People
Authors: Marques Maria do Céu Mendes Pinto , Galiza Francisca Tereza , Freitas Maria Célia , Guedes Maria Vilani Cavalcante
Published: May 2020

Evaluating the culture of drug safety, of certain services, and specific subjects, especially for the elderly population, makes it possible to identify gaps in clinical nursing care. The study aimed to analyze the social representations of nurses regarding the culture of drug safety in clinical care for the elderly people. This is a descriptive and exploratory research of qualitative nature, having the theoretical support of social representations. The chapter samples 38 nurses via interview and a non-participant observation. Analysis is done using Alceste software. This resulted in seven stable classes, and Class 3 had the largest representation, 23% of the corpus. Class 3 maintained hierarchical and semantic proximity to Class 2, which deals with technologies to ensure the safety of elderly patients in the use of medicines. For nurses, technologies help in the safety of elderly patients, but do not guarantee the extinction of adverse events. The chapter considered the need for patient safety to become an organizational culture favoring the quality of clinical nursing care in the handling of medicines.
Frailty in the Elderly and Interventions Supported by Information and Communication Technologies
Authors: Reis Gorete Mendonça , Sousa Luís Manuel Mota , Silva Paulo , Pereira Patricia , Sim-Sim Margarida
Published: May 2020

Fragility affects the ability to recover from stress conditions as the use of information and communication technologies in health care grows. The objective of this chapter is to identify evidence on interventions using ICT technology to prevent or delay frailty. A systematic review of the literature was used. Search was performed in April 2019 through B-on and EBSCO host, in databases Academic Search Complet, with Full Test in MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus®, and MedicLatina. Boolean equation ((Telemedicine) OR (mobile health) OR (computer reality) OR (virtual reality)) AND (Frail Elderly) AND (randomized controlled trial), from 2013 to 2017. Articles followed PRISMA flowchart. Results show that 2946 articles were selected, and 17 met the criteria. The used ICT were virtual-augmented reality, multidisciplinary home-telehealth and telemonitoring, nurse home visits, Wii Fit, and other interactive video games. The chapter conclude that the implementation of ICT to manage self-care at home requires an interdisciplinary, collaborative, and user-centered approach to improve the viability, acceptability, and usability of innovations.
Evaluating Elders' Bio-Psycho-Social Health Dimensions Using Their Smartphones
Authors: Moguel Enrique , García-Alonso José , Berrocal Javier , Murillo Juan M.
Published: May 2020

The percentage of elder people in developed countries is increasing rapidly. A high percentage of them usually present multiple and chronic diseases. A patient with several diseases requires specific and coordinated care that is difficult to configure. Different frameworks can evaluate their functional status and identify the required care, together with the associated cost to the health system. Nevertheless, these frameworks are usually questionnaires that have to be periodically performed by the patients with the assistance of already overloaded professionals. In this chapter, the authors make use of mobile technologies to build a system capable of monitoring the activities of the elderly and analysing these data to assess their bio-psycho-social status. The experiments carried out show us that it correctly evaluates these patients and reduces the effort required by health professionals.
The Adult Transition Challenge of Autistic Individuals and the Way Ahead
Authors: Mishra Piyush
Published: May 2020

Autism is a life-long neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties in social communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and sensory processing issues. In India, there is a huge question mark regarding autistic individuals after they transition into adulthood, more specifically in housing and work options. In this chapter, beginning from the general considerations for upbringing of an autistic individual, attention is given to the need for future planning of autistic adults, more specifically in residential options. Some of the major residential centres are described followed by projections on establishing residential facilities. Following this, examples of life skills training, employment, and inclusion initiatives taking place in India are mentioned. Finally, research directions and other expectations aimed at increasing support for parents and siblings and also improving the lives of individuals on spectrum are discussed.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modeling Psychometrics to Detect Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Singh Navjot , Kaur Amarjot
Published: May 2020

The objective of the present chapter is to highlight applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders. The proposed approach aims at recognizing behavioral traits and other cognitive aspects. The availability of numerous data and high processing power, such as graphic processing units (GPUs) or cloud computing, enabled the study of micro-patterns hundreds of times faster compared to manual analysis. AI, being a new technological breakthrough, enables study of human behavior patterns, which are hidden in millions of micro-patterns originating from human actions, reactions, and gestures. The chapter will also focus on the challenges in existing machine learning techniques and the best possible solution addressing those problems. In the future, more AI-based expert systems can enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis and prognosis process.
Impact of Container Shipping and Ports on Globalisation and Consumer Behaviour
Authors: Singh Santosh Kumar
Published: May 2020

This chapter evaluates the role on container shipping and development of ports and terminals around the world on globalization and consumer behavior. Container shipping is the unsung hero of globalization. It is remarkable that despite containerization and container shipping having such an all-encompassing impact and consequences on consumption, consumption patterns, consumer behavior, and societies in every corner of the world, container shipping is simply invisible to the world at large. The chapter also looks at impact of ever-growing large ports on the society and economy of the cities the ports are located in.