bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bahan ajar (Nuclear Waste)
Authors: Wibowo Yudha Gusti
Published: April 2019

Teach material about Nuclear Waste
STUDI KINETIKA ENDOSPERMA BUAH KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SISTEM IMUNITAS TUBUH TERHADAP INFEKSI VIRUS PADA BATUK PILEK ATAU SELESMA
Authors: Listia Herfina
Published: April 2019

Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat santan dari sari endosperma buah kelapa untuk meningkatkan sistem imunitas tubuh terhadap infeksi virus pada batuk pilek atau selesma. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji aktivitas katalitik secara langsung. Tahapan pertama dilakukan dengan pembuatan santan dari sari endosperma atau daging buah kelapa. Uji langsung dilakukan dengan variasi selama 5 hari. Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa santan dari buah kelapa dapat meningkatkan sistem imunitas tubuh terhadap infeksi virus pada batuk pilek atau selesma. Kondisi optimum santan dari buah kelapa tercapai pada penggunaan rutin sebanyak kurang lebih 200 mL setiap harinya. Penyembuhan ini diduga karena adanya aktivitas katalitik dari santan buah kelapa yang mengandung berbagai zat yang dapat meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh terhadap infeksi virus pada saluran pernapasan.
STUDI KATALITIK HERBAL TUMBUHAN BANDOTAN (Agerantum conyzoides L.) DALAM MEMPERCEPAT PROSES PENYEMBUHAN LUKA LUAR
Authors: Irani Aruna
Published: April 2019

Studi untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka luar akibat goresan benda tajam atau luka bakar. Sering kali kecelakaan seperti ini dapat di alami dalam berbagai aktivitas sehari-hari. Tumbuhan bandotan merupakan tanaman tradisional yang dipercaya memiliki banyak khasiat dalam menyembuhkan berbagai macam penyakit termasuk luka luar dan luka bakar. Metoda yang digunakan adalah metoda eksperimen dan uji aktivitas secara langsung. Tahapan pertama yang dilakukan adalah pembuatan ekstrak herbal bandotan. Bagian tumbuhan bandotan yang digunakan adalah bagian daun karena memiliki hasil ekstrak yang paling bayak. Uji aktivitas dilakukan dengan variasi waktu selama 3 hari. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun bandotan dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka luar dan luka bakar. Kondisi maksimum penyembuhan luka di peroleh dengan menggunakan dosis sebayak 33 gram ekstrak. Diduga aktivitas katalitik sebagai antibacterial, dan proses epitelisasi dari daun bandotan dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka luar. ini bertujuan untuk membuat hasil ekstrak dari tumbuhan bandotan
KAJIAN ILMIAH PENGARUH AIR REBUSAN BUAH PINANG TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES
Authors: Muslimah Dina
Published: April 2019

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh air rebusan buahpinang terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah bagi penderita diabetes melitus.Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji aktivitas katalitik langsungpada penderita diabetes. Tahapan pertama yang dilakukan adalah pembuatanair rebusan dari buah pinang. Uji aktivitas langsung dilakukan dengan variasijumlah buah pinang yang diminum satu gelas dalam sehari selama tiga hari.Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa air rebusan buah pinang dapatmenurunkan kadar gula dalam darah. Kondisi optimum air rebusan buahpinang tercapai pada 162 mg/dL. Penurunan kadar gula darah ini didugakarena aktivitas katalitik air rebusan buah pinang ternadap sel darah.
STUDI KINETIKA EKSTRAK JAMBU BIJI TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN DEMAM BERDARAH
Authors: rinta Crismonia
Published: April 2019

Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat ekstrak buah jambu biji merah untuk membantu proses penyembuhan demam berdarah. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji akrivitas katalitik secara langsung. Uji aktifitas langsung dilakukan dengan variasi dua kali minum selama satu hari sebanyak satu gelas. Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa ekstrak buah jambu biji merah dapat membantu proses penyembuhan demam berdarah. Kondisi optimum ekstrak buah jambu biji merah tercapai pada dua hari konsumsi ekstrak sebanyak empat gelas. Penyembuhan ini diduga karena aktivitas katalitik ekstrak buah jambu biji merah terhadap pembentukan trombosit darah.
Studi Kinetika Eksrak Daun Jambu Biji Sebagai Obat Penyembuh Diare
Authors: Gaja Masni Rahmayanti
Published: April 2019

Studi ini bertujuan untik membuat tumbukan daun jambu biji untuk menghilangkan rasa sakit perut atau bisa juga disebut dengan diare. Metode ini dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji aktivitas katalitik secara langsung. Tahap pertama di lakukan dengan tumbukan dari daun jambu biji. Uji aktivitas langsung dengan variasi 7 helai 2 sampai 3 kali perhari selama 2 hari. Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa tumbukan daun jambu biji dapat menghilangkan rasa sakit perut atau diare. Kondisi optimum tercapai pada hari ke dua. Penyembuhan ini diduga karena aktivitas katalitik ekstrak mengandung flavonoid dan tanin dalam penyembuhan terhadap usus manusia.
STUDI KINETIKA REBUSAN DAUN SIRIH TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN SAKIT GIGI
Authors: melga danisyah
Published: April 2019

Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat rebusan daun sirih, untuk penyembuhan sakit gigi. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji aktivitas katalitik secara langsung. Tahapan pertama dilakukan dengan merebus daun sirih. Uji aktivitas langsung dilakukan dengan variasi mengkonsumsi rebusan daun sirih selama sehari. Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa rebusan daun sirih dapat menyembuhkan sakit gigi. Kondisi optimum rebusan daun sirih ini dengan 7 helai tercapai dengan pemakaian 2 kali sehari dan juga dengan cepat sakit gigi reda setelah dikonsumsi rebusan daun sirih tersebut. Penyembuhan ini diduga karena aktivitas katalitik rebusan daun sirih terhadap kandungan dari daun sirih yaitun flavonoid, minyak atsiri dan fenol beserta turunannya yang berfungsi antibakteri yang akan membunuh bakteri dan mensterilkan gigi yang sakit dan faktor temperatur dari proses rebusan daun sirih itu sehingga kandungan yang ada dalam daun sirih berpindah kepada air yang direbus. Sehingga rebusan daun sirih dapat menyembuhkan sakit gigi.
Relative ESR1 gene expression in major depression a biomarker for hormone therapy
Authors: Niknamian Sorush
Published: April 2019

Depression is a common disease which emerges with a disorder in temper. It results from environmental genetically and physiological factors. One of the effective factors can be the change in hormones and disorder in their intake through cells. In way that one can explain these hypotheses with post-pregnancy depression. The present study aimed to compare estrogen receptor1 gene expression in patients with major depression and healthy individuals. The study used causal-comparative method. For this study, 17 patients who suffered major depression referred to the clinic and 30 healthy subjects were randomly selected. After taking blood samples, estrogen receptor1 gene expression was carried out using Real Time PCR. The results showed that the expression of ESR1 gene was significantly reduced in patients with major depression (P value < 0.05). This result showed that ESR1 gene can be used as a genetically marker for major depression. Also, stimulating estrogen receptor 1 or raising the estrogen level of blood can be applied to reduce depression signs.
The Empirical Structure of Narrative Identity: The Initial Big Three
Authors: McLean Kate C. , Syed Moin , Pasupathi Monisha , Adler Jonathan M. , Dunlop William Lewis , Drustrup David , Fivush Robyn , graci matthew , Lilgendahl Jennifer , Lodi-Smith Jennifer , McAdams Dan P. , McCoy Tara
Published: April 2019

A robust empirical literature suggests that individual differences in the thematic and structural aspects of life narratives are associated with and predictive of psychological well-being. However, one limitation of the current field is the multitude of ways of capturing these narrative features, with little attention to overarching dimensions or latent factors of narrative that are responsible for these associations with well-being. In the present study we uncovered a reliable structure that accommodates commonly studied features of life narratives in a large-scale, multi-University collaborative effort. Across three large samples of emerging and mid-life adults responding to various narrative prompts (N = 855 participants, N = 2565 narratives), we found support for three factors of life narratives: motivational and affective themes, autobiographical reasoning, and structural aspects. We also identified a “functional” model of these three factors that reveals a reduced set of narrative features that adequately captures each factor. Additionally, motivational and affective themes was the factor most reliably related to well-being. Finally, associations with personality traits were variable by narrative prompt. Overall, the present findings provide a comprehensive and robust model for understanding the empirical structure of narrative identity as it relates to well-being, which offers meaningful theoretical contributions to the literature, and facilitates practical decision making for researchers endeavoring to capture and quantify life narratives.
Towards a Digital Reflexive Sociology: Using Wikipedia's Biographical Repository as a Reflexive Tool
Authors: Beytía Pablo , Müller Hans-Peter
Published: April 2019

We propose the development of 'digital reflexive sociology', understood as the use of digital methods and Big Data to reflect on the social and historical circumstances of sociologists and sociological thinking. To show this approach's potential, we employ Wikipedia as a ‘reflexive tool’, i.e., an external artefact of self-observation that can help sociologists to notice conventions, biases, and blind spots within their discipline. We analyse the collective patterns of the 500 most notable sociologists on Wikipedia, performing structural, network, and text analyses of their biographies. Our exploration reveals patterns in their historical frequency, gender composition, geographical concentration, birth-death mobility, centrality degree, biographical clustering, and proximity between countries, also stressing institutions, events, places, and relevant dates from a biographical point of view. Linking these patterns in a diachronic way, we distinguish five generations of sociologists recorded on Wikipedia and emphasise the high historical concentration of the discipline in geographical areas, gender, and schools of thought. Drawing on these results, we discuss the potential of using digital repositories and methods to enhance reflexivity within sociology.
Pilot Studies to Evaluate Feasibility of a Physical Activity Intervention in Persons with Depression
Authors: Sharp Kendall , South Charles , Fatt Cherise Chin , Trivedi Madhukar , Rethorst Chad
Published: April 2019

Depressive disorders are associated with high disease burden and high rates of medical comorbidities. Exercise interventions have been shown to reduce depressive symptoms and help improve physical health outcomes in persons with depression. However, the interventions used in studies demonstrating exercise as an efficacious treatment for depression are unlikely to be adopted into clinical practice due to the significant resources (personnel, facilities, equipment) required to deliver these interventions. This suggests the need for more efficient interventions for increasing physical activity in persons with depression. Two pilot studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of a multi-component physical activity intervention in persons with depression. Components of the intervention included group educational sessions about increasing physical activity, a Fitbit, and access to on-site exer-cise facility. The results from these pilot studies show significant decreases in depressive symptoms post intervention (PA: t(13)= 3.51, p = .004; BC: t(13) = 3.05, p = .009). 100% of participants in the PA pilot and 85.7% of participants in the BC pilot responded that they benefited overall from the study. These results indicate that implementing a multi-component physical activity intervention is feasible and can reduce depressive symptoms and other psychosocial outcomes. Limitations and future directions for physical activity interventions are discussed.
Role of ultrasonography in evaluation of obstructive jaundice
Authors: Sharma Prakash , Lalchan Subita , Tiwari Prabhat Kumar
Published: April 2019

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Ultrasonography in assessing the level and causes of obstruction in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Materials and Methods: A total of 45 patients with clinical and laboratory features of biliary obstruction were included for statistical analysis. All these patients were evaluated with ultrasonography (USG). The levels of biliary obstruction were grouped as hilar, suprapancreatic and intra-pancreatic. Similarly, the probable causes were grouped as malignant or benign. Findings of USG were corroborated with cholangiographic, per-operative and/or histopathological findings (FNAC/Biopsy).

Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 61-80 years. There were 24 females (53%) and 21 males (47%). Accuracy of USG in identification of hilar, suprapancreatic and intrapancretic level of obstruction was 95.5%, 88.8% and 86.6%, respectively. Sensitivity and Specificity of USG in identifying the hilar level of obstruction was 91.6% and 93.9%, respectively. Similarly, sensitivity of USG in identifying the supra-pancreatic level of obstruction was 88.88% and specificity was 88.88%. At the intrapancreatic level sensitivity was 83.33% and specificity was 90.47%. Benign causes were seen in 53% and malignant causes in 47% of patients. Accuracy rate of USG in identifying the cause of obstruction was 82.2%. Choledocholithiasis was the commonest cause for obstruction seen in 48.4% of patients. Carcinoma head of pancreas and cholangiocarcinoma were common malignant causes of obstruction (13.3%). Sensitivity of USG in detecting malignant biliary obstruction was 80.95% and specificity was 83.33%.

Conclusion: Overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of USG in identification of hilar level of obstruction were higher than suprapancreatic and intrapancreatic levels..
Pulled elbow: A paediatrician's experience
Authors: Regmi Shanti
Published: April 2019

Pulled elbow is a common condition but may not be recognized by most of the paediatric physician. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the common age, mechanism, site of pain, reduction maneuver and its efficacy among paediatric population. Among 40 patients, 31 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Simple analytical method was used to analyze the data due to small number of patients. Supination-flexion maneuver was used for reduction. Among 31, 15 (48.38%) were male and 16(51.61%) were female. The mean age was 3.12 years, mean arrival time was 13.03 hours. 32.25% of patients had history of pulling the child up and 41.93% of patient complained of pain around forearm. All patient underwent supination- flexion maneuver and was successful in first attempt, except one, that required second attempt. There were no recurrences. There should be a high index of suspicion among paediatricians, so that they can correctly diagnose and treat this condition satisfactorily.
Knowledge and practice regarding Kala-azar among community people of Dangihat, Morang
Authors: Bista Sita , Sapkota Sochana , Akela Govinda
Published: April 2019

Out of 12 endemic districts of Nepal still 11 districts have been reported with Kala-azar, among which Morang is the one. It is useful to identify knowledge and practice of people regarding disease for its effective management. But there is dearth of the related study in our country. So this study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice regarding Kala-azar among community people of Dangihat, Morang. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among community people of Dangihat-4, Morang within age group 15-60 years. Interview of 91 respondents by using semi structured questionnaires schedule with purposive convenience sampling technique was done from 3rd Ashwin to 24th Ashwin, 2072. The study showed that only 18.7% had correct knowledge of sandfly while majority (63.7%) thought mosquito as the vector of disease. Regarding symptoms 94.5% and 73.6% mentioned fever and blackening of skin respectively. Two third of the respondents thought cattle shed as the habitat of sandfly and 67% mentioned its biting time to be dusk/ dawn. Most (89%) of the respondents used bed nets and 44% used insecticide for prevention of Kala-azar. There was significant association between knowledge with previous history and source of information of disease and practice with educational level. Most (52.7%) of the respondents had inadequate knowledge while 78% had average practice regarding Kala-azar. The study population had inadequate knowledge and average practice of disease so further awareness programme may be needed in the village.
Caecocolic intussusception mimicking appendicular lump
Authors: Devkota Harihar , Myangbo Suryaman , Neupane Manik
Published: April 2019

Intussusception is a rare encounter in adults. Its diagnosis can be delayed because of its long standing and non-specific symptoms and most of the cases are diagnosed on emergency laparotomy. Here, we present a case of 50 years old female who was previously diagnosed an appendicular mass, revealed caecocolic intussusception at emergency laparotomy.
Knowledge regarding sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in higher secondary school
Authors: Shrestha Kopila , Awale Shanti
Published: April 2019

Background: Adolescent reproductive health is one of the component of the reproductive health. It is most important issue in the world. Reproductive capability is taking place at an earlier age and adolescents are indulging in risk taking behaviors day by day. The objective of this study is to assess knowledge regarding sexual and reproductive health among adolescents.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu valley to assess the knowledge regarding sexual and reproductive health among adolescents. Total of 200 respondents were selected through non-probability purposive sampling technique. Self-administered written questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as Chi-square test.

Results: The findings revealed that most of the respondents had knowledge regarding transmission and protection of HIV/AIDS and STIs but still some respondents had misconception regarding it. The statistical analysis revealed that the total mean knowledge score with standard deviation was 45.02±8.674. Nearly half of the respondents (49.5%) had moderate level of knowledge, followed by inadequate level of knowledge 29.5% and adequate level of knowledge 21.0% regarding sexual and reproductive health. There was statistically significant association of level of knowledge with area of residence (p-value 0.002).

Conclusion: Nearly half of the respondents possess some knowledge about sexual and reproductive health but still effective educational intervention is required to increase their knowledge.
Factors influencing utilization of cervical cancer screening services among married women in community, Chitwan
Authors: Ranabhat Mina Kumari , Thapa Basanta
Published: April 2019

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers affecting women globally. It is the fourth most common cancer in women and the seventh overall. The morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer can be highly reduced through vaccination against human papilloma virus, regular screening and timely intervention. The objective of this study was to find out the factors influencing utilization of cervical cancer screening services among married women aged 30-60 of Bharatpur Sub-Metropolitan 19, Chitwan. A community based descriptive cross sectional research design was used, 175 married women were selected using simple random sampling technique. Semi- structured interview schedule was used to collect the data within four weeks. The collected data was entered in Epi data 3.1 and exported to IBM SPSS version 20. Out of 175 women, 42.3% of the respondents were of 30-39 years, 72% were literate, 18.9% had good level of awareness of cervical cancer screening, 44% had utilized cervical cancer screening services and 77.9% of the respondents had done screening only one time. The association showed between utilization of cervical cancer screening services such as duration of marriage (p=0.025), involvement in cervical cancer awareness programme (p=<0.001), fear (p=0.007), shyness (p=<0.001), preference of sex of health personnel (p=0.016), time to reach nearest screening center (p=0.024) and need of cervical cancer screening without any problems of cervix (p=<0.001).

Multivariate analysis showed that association between utilization of cervical cancer screening services such as duration of marriage 3.036 times, fear 2.992 times, shyness 3.335 times and need of cervical cancer screening without any problems of cervix 30.720 times more likely to utilize cervical cancer screening services.
Knowledge regarding scrub typhus among nurses at a teaching hospital in Chitwan
Authors: Gautam Pradeepti , Poudyal Sunita
Published: April 2019

The incidence of scrub typhus is increasing steadily with evidence of multi organ dysfunction. Lack of knowledge among health personnel may lead to under diagnosis and improper treatment of scrub typhus. Hence, this study was undertaken to find out the knowledge regarding scrub typhus among nurses. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used and a total 107 nurses were selected by probability, simple random sampling through lottery method. Data was collected using semi-structured self administered questionnaire. Obtained data was entered in IBM SPSS version 20.0 for window. Descriptive statistics was used for categorical and continuous variables and x2 test was used to find out the association between level of knowledge and selected variables. The result of the study shows that 58.9% of the respondents were in the age group of 20-23 years, 69.2% had completed PCL nursing, 50.5% had less than 2 years of work experience, and 64.5% had been working in critical area. More than half (55.1%) of the nurses had adequate level of knowledge regarding scrub typhus and the level of knowledge regarding scrub typhus was influenced by professional qualification (p=0.001) and self directed learning (p=0.010). The study concluded that nearly half of the nurses have inadequate knowledge regarding scrub typhus. Therefore, in-service education is needed for the nurses to build up their capacity for the proper management and prevention of disease.
Transient leucopenia in acute zinc phosphide poisoning
Authors: Keyal Niraj , Paneru Hem Raj , Shrestha Gentle Sundar , Amatya Roshana
Published: April 2019

Zinc phosphide is easily available, cheap, and highly effective household rodenticide. Self poisoning with this rodenticide is commonly encountered in our clinical practice and causes lethal poisoning by liberation of phosphine which in turn causes inhibition of cytochrome oxidase C thereby leading to cellular hypoxia. We report a case of such poisoning which had an unusual presentation in the form of transient leucopenia.
A comparison of intramuscular dexmedetomidine and intramuscular ketamine for premedication in pediatric anesthesia: a double blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bhandari Sabin , Bhattarai Balkrishna , Sah Birendra Prasad , Subedi Ashish , Poudel Prakash , Prasad Jagat Narayan
Published: April 2019

Abstract on the PDF
Leishmaniose visceral canina: Relato de caso
Authors: Freitas Dilma , Carneiro Abbiati Thaís
Published: April 2019

Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (LVC) is caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania spp., Is a serious disease that affects several species, including the dog that is the largest reservoir of the urban environment and man. It is transmitted by the sting of sandflies where the promastigote form occurs in the vector and the amastigote form occurs in the vertebrate host. Clinical signs manifest themselves according to the degree of infestation and immunity of the host. Diagnosis involves rapid tests, parasitological and serological tests. Treatment is expensive and constant care is needed because of the possibility of clinical signs returning. The best way to combat the disease is through measures aimed at vector control and animal protection. The objective of this work is to report a case of a 3-year-old Border Collie dog with a history of recurrent epistaxis, periocular alopecia, lesions in the nostrils, dry seborrhea in the ears and cervico-thoracic region, coming from the municipality of Uberaba, attended at the AmisVet Clinic, addressing the animal's clinic, diagnosis and treatment. The ELISA confirmed the diagnosis of Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis. The treatment was performed with miltefosine. The animal presented excellent recovery during the treatment period. It is concluded that complementary tests are important, since not all animals are
From the Editor
Authors: Nannicelli Ted
Published: April 2019

Welcome to the first issue of our first three-issue volume of Projections. We begin this issue with a truly exciting collaboration between a filmmaker (and
scholar), Karen Pearlman, and a psychologist, James E. Cutting. Cutting and Pearlman analyze a number of formal features, including shot duration, across successive cuts of Pearlman’s 2016 short film, Woman with an Editing Bench.
They find that the intuitive revisions that Pearlman made actually track a progression toward fractal structures – complex patterns that also happen to
mark three central pulses of human existence (heartbeat, breathing, walking).
A Structure of Antipathy
Authors: Kjeldgaard-Christiansen Jens
Published: April 2019

Many narrative films feature villains, major characters that audiences are meant to condemn. This article investigates the cognitive-affective underpinnings of audience antipathy in order to shed light on how filmic villainy is constructed. To that end, the article introduces an analytical framework at the intersection of cognitive film theory and moral psychology. The framework analyzes villainy into three categories: guilty intentionality, consequential action, and causal responsibility.
Upfront boost Gamma Knife “leading-edge” radiosurgery to FLAIR MRI–defined tumor migration pathways in 174 patients with glioblastoma multiforme: a 15-year assessment of a novel therapy
Authors: Duma Christopher M. , Kim Brian S. , Chen Peter V. , Plunkett Marianne E. , Mackintosh Ralph , Mathews Marlon S. , Casserly Ryan M. , Mendez Gustavo A. , Furman Daniel J. , Smith Garrett , Oh Nathan , Caraway Chad A. , Sanathara Ami R. , Dillman Robert O. , Riley Azzurra-Sky , Weiland David , Stemler Lian , Cannell Ruslana , Abrams Daniela Alexandru , Smith Alexa , Owen Christopher M. , Eisenberg Burton , Brant-Zawadzki Michael
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is composed of cells that migrate through the brain along predictable white matter pathways. Targeting white matter pathways adjacent to, and leading away from, the original contrast-enhancing tumor site (termed leading-edge radiosurgery [LERS]) with single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery as a boost to standard therapy could limit the spread of glioma cells and improve clinical outcomes.

METHODS

Between December 2000 and May 2016, after an initial diagnosis of GBM and prior to or during standard radiation therapy and carmustine or temozolomide chemotherapy, 174 patients treated with radiosurgery to the leading edge (LE) of tumor cell migration were reviewed. The LE was defined as a region outside the contrast-enhancing tumor nidus, defined by FLAIR MRI. The median age of patients was 59 years (range 22–87 years). Patients underwent LERS a median of 18 days from original diagnosis. The median target volume of 48.5 cm3 (range 2.5–220.0 cm3) of LE tissue was targeted using a median dose of 8 Gy (range 6–14 Gy) at the 50% isodose line.

RESULTS

The median overall survival was 23 months (mean 43 months) from diagnosis. The 2-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year actual overall survival rates after LERS were 39%, 26%, 16%, 10%, and 4%, respectively. Nine percent of patients developed treatment-related imaging-documented changes due to LERS. Nineteen percent of patients were hospitalized for management of edema, 22% for resection of a tumor cyst or new tumor bulk, and 2% for shunting to treat hydrocephalus throughout the course of their disease. Of the patients still alive, Karnofsky Performance Scale scores remained stable in 90% of patients and decreased by 1–3 grades in 10% due to symptomatic treatment-related imaging changes.

CONCLUSIONS

LERS is a safe and effective upfront adjunctive therapy for patients with newly diagnosed GBM. Limitations of this study include a single-center experience and single-institution determination of the LE tumor target. Use of a leading-edge calculation algorithm will be described to achieve a consistent approach to defining the LE target for general use. A multicenter trial will further elucidate its value in the treatment of GBM.
Comprehensive anatomy of the foramen ovale critical to percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency rhizotomy: cadaveric study of dry skulls
Authors: Elnashar Adel , Patel Smruti K. , Kurbanov Almaz , Zvereva Kseniya , Keller Jeffrey T. , Grande Andrew W.
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency rhizotomy (PSR) is often used to treat trigeminal neuralgia, a serious condition that results in lancinating, episodic facial pain. Thorough understanding of the microsurgical anatomy of the foramen ovale (FO) and its surrounding structures is required for efficient, effective, and safe use of this technique. This morphometric study compares anatomical and surgical orientations to identify the variations of the FO and assess cannulation difficulty.

METHODS

Bilateral foramina from 174 adult human dry skulls (348 foramina) were analyzed using anatomical and surgical orientations in photographs from standardized projections. Measurements were obtained for shape, size, adjacent structures, and morphometric variability effect on cannulation. The risk of potential injury to surrounding structures was also assessed.

RESULTS

The authors identified 6 distinctive shapes of the FO and 5 anomalous variants from the anatomical view, and 6 shapes from the surgical view. In measurements of surface area of this foramen obtained using the surgical view, loss (average 18.5% ± 5.7%) was significant compared with the anatomical view. Morphometrically, foramen size varied significantly and obstruction from a calcified pterygoalar ligament occurred in 7.8% of specimens. Importantly, 8% of foramina were difficult to cannulate, thus posing a 12% risk of inadvertent cannulation of the foramen lacerum.

CONCLUSIONS

Significant variability in the FO’s shape and size probably affected its safe and effective cannulation. Preoperative imaging by 3D head CT may be helpful in predicting ease of cannulation and in guiding treatment decisions, such as a percutaneous approach over microvascular decompression or radiosurgery.
Clinical outcome of V-Y flap with latissimus dorsi and gluteal advancement for treatment of large thoracolumbar myelomeningocele defects: a comparative study
Authors: Masoudi Mohammad Sadegh , Hoghoughi Mohammad Ali , Ghaffarpasand Fariborz , Yaghmaei Shekoofeh , Azadegan Maryam , Ilami Ghazal
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Surgical repair and closure of myelomeningocele (MMC) defects are important and vital, as the mortality rate is as high as 65%–70% in untreated patients. Closure of large MMC defects is challenging for pediatric neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons. The aim of the current study is to report the operative characteristics and outcome of a series of Iranian patients with large MMC defects utilizing the V-Y flap and with latissimus dorsi or gluteal muscle advancement.

METHODS

This comparative study was conducted during a 4-year period from September 2013 to October 2017 in the pediatric neurosurgery department of Shiraz Namazi Hospital, Southern Iran. The authors included 24 patients with large MMC defects who underwent surgery utilizing the bilateral V-Y flap and latissimus dorsi and gluteal muscle advancement. They also retrospectively included 19 patients with similar age, sex, and defect size who underwent surgery using the primary or delayed closure techniques at their center. At least 2 years of follow-up was conducted. The frequency of leakage, necrosis, dehiscence, systemic infection (sepsis, pneumonia), need for ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion, and mortality was compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS

The bilateral V-Y flap with muscle advancement was associated with a significantly longer operative duration (p < 0.001) than the primary closure group. Those undergoing bilateral V-Y flaps with muscle advancement had significantly lower rates of surgical site infection (p = 0.038), wound dehiscence (p = 0.013), and postoperative CSF leakage (p = 0.030) than those undergoing primary repair. The bilateral V-Y flap with muscle advancement was also associated with a lower mortality rate (p = 0.038; OR 5.09 [95% CI 1.12–23.1]) than primary closure. In patients undergoing bilateral V-Y flap and muscle advancement, a longer operative duration was significantly associated with mortality (p = 0.008). In addition, surgical site infection (p = 0.032), wound dehiscence (p = 0.011), and postoperative leakage (p = 0.011) were predictors of mortality. Neonatal sepsis (p = 0.002) and postoperative NEC (p = 0.011) were among other predictors of mortality in this group.

CONCLUSIONS

The bilateral V-Y flap with latissimus dorsi or gluteal advancement is a safe and effective surgical approach for covering large MMC defects and is associated with lower rates of surgical site infection, dehiscence, CSF leakage, and mortality. Further studies are required to elucidate the long-term outcomes.
Lumbar laminotomy for the intrathecal administration of nusinersen for spinal muscular atrophy: technical note and outcomes
Authors: Ko Diana , Blatt Daniel , Karam Chafic , Gupta Kunal , Raslan Ahmed M.
Published: April 2019

Nusinersen (Spinraza) is a US Food and Drug Administration–approved intrathecal medication for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Adult patients with SMA often undergo thoracolumbar fusion to treat neurogenic scoliosis, preventing thecal access. The authors report a laminotomy technique and the ease of intrathecal access in three SMA patients with prior thoracolumbar fusions.

Patients were positioned in the lateral decubitus position or prone. Lumbar laminotomy was performed below the conus, between the lateral longitudinal rods, to preserve mechanical stability. Fluoroscopy provided real-time identification of instruments. Hardware was contoured with a carbide drill bit to develop the surgical window. Fiducial screws were placed along the perimeter for demarcation. Sublaminar wire removal caused dural defects that were repaired with a layer of dural substitute onlay and sealant. All patients successfully received nusinersen thecal injections via lumbar puncture by an interventional radiologist. Fluoroscopy time ranged from 6 to 36 seconds. No postoperative pseudomeningoceles, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, or wound complications occurred.

For patients with SMA and posterior fusion from prior scoliosis treatment, lumbar laminotomy is an effective method for creating thecal access for the administration of nusinersen.
Understanding quality of life and treatment history of patients with Bertolotti syndrome compared with lumbosacral radiculopathy
Authors: Golubovsky Joshua L. , Momin Arbaz , Thompson Nicolas R. , Steinmetz Michael P.
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Bertolotti syndrome is a rare spinal condition that causes low-back pain due to a lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV), which is a pseudoarticulation between the fifth lumbar transverse process and the sacral ala. Bertolotti syndrome patients are rarely studied, particularly with regard to their quality of life. This study aimed to examine the quality of life and prior treatments in patients with Bertolotti syndrome at first presentation to the authors’ center in comparison with those with lumbosacral radiculopathy.

METHODS

This study was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with Bertolotti syndrome and lumbosacral radiculopathy due to disc herniation seen at the authors’ institution’s spine center from 2005 through 2018. Diagnoses were confirmed with provider notes and imaging. Variables collected included demographics, diagnostic history, prior treatment, patient-reported quality of life metrics, and whether or not they underwent surgery at the authors’ institution. Propensity score matching by age and sex was used to match lumbosacral radiculopathy patients to Bertolotti syndrome patients. Group comparisons were made using t-tests, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney U-tests, Cox proportional hazards models, and linear regression models where variables found to be different at the univariate level were included as covariates.

RESULTS

The final cohort included 22 patients with Bertolotti syndrome who had patient-reported outcomes data available and 46 propensity score–matched patients who had confirmed radiculopathy due to disc herniation. The authors found that Bertolotti syndrome patients had significantly more prior epidural steroid injections (ESIs) and a longer time from symptom onset to their first visit. Univariate analysis showed that Bertolotti syndrome patients had significantly worse Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) mental health T-scores. Adjustment for prior ESIs and time from symptom onset revealed that Bertolotti syndrome patients also had significantly worse PROMIS physical health T-scores. Time to surgery and other quality of life metrics did not differ between groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with Bertolotti syndrome undergo significantly longer workup and more ESIs and have worse physical and mental health scores than age- and sex-matched patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. However, both groups of patients had mild depression and clinically meaningful reduction in their quality of life according to all instruments. This study shows that Bertolotti syndrome patients have a condition that affects them potentially more significantly than those with lumbosacral radiculopathy, and increased attention should be paid to these patients to improve their workup, diagnosis, and treatment.
ANALISIS 〖SF〗_6 PADA SEALINGEND TERHADAP TEKANAN MOISTURE CONTENT DAN DEWPOINT GIS KIARACONDONG
Authors: Pratama Irvan Aditia , Arfianto Teguh
Published: April 2019

Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) didefinisikan sebagai rangkaian beberapa peralatan yang terpasang di dalam sebuah metal enclosure dan diisolasi oleh gas bertekanan.Pada umumnya gas bertekanan yang digunakan adalah Sulfur Hexafluoride ( ). Berdasarkan uraian diatas maka penulis ingin menguji dan menganalisis kualitas gas  pada GIS  untuk tetap menjaga dan meningkatkan keandalan pada GIS . metode yang dilakukan adalah mengihitung nilai  dew point , moisture content dan menghitung laju penurunan tekanan gas  pada Sealingend serta membandingkanya dengan standar Internasional. Pada penelitian ini penulis mendapat hasil nilai dewpoint -44 °C pada pole A dan Pole B ini menunjukan bahwa nilai dewpoint masih sesuai dengan standar internasional yaitu <-5 °C dan pada hasil penurunan tekanan pole A dan pole B mendapat hasil penurunan sebesar 26,10% dan 0 % ini mengindikasikan bahwa pada kompartement sealing end pole A mengalami kebocoran karena sudah tidak sesuai dengan standar laju kebocoran yaitu <1% sehingga akan berpengaruh kepada kualitas gas  ,akan tetapi untuk pole B masih sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku. Sehingga untuk  nilai kandungan dewpoint dan moisture content pada sealingend masih sesuai standar akan tetapi sealing end pole A sudah mengalami kebocoran .
ANALISIS TRANSPORTASI TERHADAP PENERAPAN ARUS LALU LINTAS SATU ARAH
Authors: Ishak Ishak
Published: April 2019

Perubahan arus lalulintas satu arah (One Way Street)  pada ruas jalan yang diterapkan Pemerintah Kota Jambi tentunya akan berimbas pada pengguna jalan  yang  semakin meningkat karena  menghubungkan ke jalan utama. Dengan semakin meningkatnya para pengguna jalan (kendaraan bermotor) maka akan mempengaruhi kinerja dan tingkat pelayanan jalan tersebut. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki tahapan-tahapan, mulai dari studi literatur dan pengumpulan data secara primer dan sekunder. Selanjutnya pengumpulan data hambatan samping dilakukan dengan menghitung dan mencatat jumlah aktivitas samping jalan pada lokasi penelitian selama periode pengamatan yang dilakukan oleh beberapa surveyor. Hasil perhitungan kecepatan arus bebas Kol. Amir Hamzah yang menggunakan arus satu arah didapat sebesar 51 km/. Derajat kejenuhan ( DS) atau tingkat pelayanan  jalan satu arah (One Way Street) Kategori C dan Kategori B, berarti arus lalu lintas masih baik (lancar)
APLIKASI PETANI PINTAR DALAM MONITORING DAN PEMBELAJARAN BUDIDAYA PADI BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Wijaya Rian Farta , Utomo Rahmad Budi , Niska Debi Yandra , Khairul Khairul
Published: April 2019

Petani adalah suatu pekerjaan yang dilakukan dengan menanam tanaman dan kemudian memanen hasil tanaman untuk dijual atau dikonsumsi. Petani harus memiliki pengetahuan mengenai tanaman yang akan ditanam untuk mendapatkan hasil panen yang baik. Aplikasi Petani pintar dibuat untuk menjadi media bantu Petani muda yang belum memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup dalam melakukan kegiatan bertani. Aplikasi Petani pintar dibuat dengan menyajikan informasi penting seperti teknik budidaya, penyakit, hama, dan manfaat yang berkaitan pada tanaman padi. Tanaman padi dipilih menjadi pokok materi dikarenakan padi merupakan pilihan makanan utama yang dibutuhkan manusia yang berada di Indonesia, dan pada saat ini juga Petani sudah berkurang jumlahnya.
PENGARUH VARIASI PENAMBAHAN ABU SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU PADA PASTA SEMEN TERHADAP UJI BAHAN SEMEN
Authors: Hepiyanto Rasio , Arif Samsul
Published: April 2019

ABSTRAKSemen adalah suatu jenis bahan yang memiliki sifat adhesif dan kohesif yang memungkinkan melekatnya fragmen-fragmen mineral menjadi satu massa yang padat. Meskipun definisi ini dapat diterapkan untuk banyak jenis bahan, semen yang dimaksudkan untuk konstruksi beton adalah bahan jadi dan mengeras dengan adanya air yang dinamakan semen hidraulis. Hidraulis berarti semen bereaksi dengan air dan membentuk suatu bahan massa Komposisi kimia semen portland pada umumnya terdiri dari CaO, SiO2,Al2O3 dan Fe2O3, yang merupakan oksida dominan. Sedangkan oksida lain yang jumlahnya hanya beberapa persen dari berat semen adalah MgO, SO3, Na2O dan K2O. Variasi penambahan campuran serbuk kayu berpengaruh terhadap waktu pengikatan awal sedangkan pada waktu pengikatan akhir pasta semen tidak berpengaruh (ada pengaruh tapi sangat kecil) Penambahan prosentase serbuk kayu selalu menunjukan adanya penambahan terhadap waktu pengikatan awal maupun akhir pasta semen hal ini terlihat pada hubungan waktu ikat dan prosentase semen.Kata kunci: Beton Campuran,Serbuk kayu, Semen,Konsistensi semen, waktu ikat semen
PERANCANGAN, PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN KERETA PEMBAKAR SAMPAH
Authors: Yusuf Nefli , Earnestly Femi , Muchlisinalahuddin Muchlisinalahuddin , Handradol Novais , Setiawan Ramdani
Published: April 2019

Sampah merupakan barang tidak berguna yang harus dihabiskan/dikurangi karena menganggu kehidupan lingkungan. Menurut sifatnya ada dua jenis sampah yaitu dapat terbakar dan tidak dapat terbakar, kalau dibakar menghasilkan abu yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk tanaman, sedangkan yang tidak terbakar perlu daur ulang. Budaya masyarakat kebanyakan belum memperhatikan kesehatan lingkungan sehingga membuang sampah sembarangan, terutama sampah organik dan platik, terlihat di sepanjang jalan banyak sampah berserakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang, membuat dan menguji kereta pembakar sampah yang dapat didorong di jalanan. Kereta pembakar sampah diharapkan dapat memisahkan abu sisa pembakaran (tempat pembakar dibuat tirus bercelah), bertemperatur tinggi, panasnya terpusat (ditutup dengan pelat besi, serta cerobong asap diatasnya) dan dapat menelusuri jalanan (memakai roda). Untuk dapat mempertahankan temperatur yang tinggi (dimasukkan kayu yang menyisakan bara apabila dibakar). Sisa pembakaran pun tidak memerlukan lahan pengumpul dimana sampah plastik memerlukan waktu lama untuk lapuk menjadi tanah (50-100 tahun). Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa 15 kg sampah dapat terbakar dalam jangka waktu 1 jam, dengan temperatur berkisar antara 500-620 oC, abu sisa pembakaran 1,1 kg dengan kondisi yang cukup bersih dari sisa pembakaran. Radiasi sebaran panas tidak terlalu mengganggu dimana tanaman berjarak satu meter tidak menjadi layu, sedangkan asap dapat mengalir pada ketinggian dua meter lebih.
ANALISIS STRAIN HARDENING DENGAN VARIASI MEDIA QUENCHING DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PRODUK PENGRAJIN PANDAI BESI SUNGAI PUAR, KAB. AGAM SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Armila Armila
Published: April 2019

Blacksmith at Sungai Puar Region was decreasing caused by low quality and global marked. China’s product more cheaper n hight quality. Heat Treatment process not worked as metallurgy rules, its still in traditional working. Mechanical properties such, toughness, strength, hardness strength can easily be modified by heat treating for medium carbon steel, were subjected to various forms of heat treatment processes like hardening and tempering. Samples were austenitised at 850-9000C followed by holding times and finally they were quenched in salt water, oil, and fresh water. The specimen with the highest hardness was found in samples quenched in salt water, they are 869,66 VHN in salt water, 605.52 in oil, and 652 VHN in fresh water. Its because salt water have hight density n low viscosity were sample cooled fast, and martensite structure obtained, and hardness increased. Micro Vickers hardness used for samples. Behavior of hight hardness quenched in salt water must be learning more, to measure corrosion rate and toughness.
PERENCANAAN ULANG PENGATURAN FASE ALAT PENGATUR LALU LINTAS PADA PERSIMPANGAN BERSINYAL DI PERSIMPANGAN JL. JEND. SUDIRMAN – KIS MANGUN SARKORO
Authors: Nasmirayanti Rita
Published: April 2019

Sebuah perencanaan jalan yang baik tidak terlepas dari perencanaan persimpangan yang terdukung dengan baik juga, karena tak jarang terlihat terjadnya konflik dipersimpangan.Mengatasi konflik yang terjadi pada persimpangan menjadi hal yang wajib bagi seorang enginer dalam desain sebuah persimpangan.Pengaturan pada persimpangan pun harus dipertimbangkan secara efesien.Adalah menjadi  hal yang memerlukan perhatiandan menarik untuk diteliti persimpangan pada ruas jalan Jl.Jend.Sudirman – Jl Rasuna Said dan Jl.KIS Mangun Sarkoro – Jl.Ujung Gurun. Menurut pengamatan awal peneliti diperlukan rekayasa  terhadap persimpangan tersebut terutama dalam hal pengaturan perencanaan ulang fase lampu lalu lintas  jalan pada persimpangan tersebut. Melihat kondisi existing yang ada pada saat ini, seringnya terlihat terjadinya kemacetan dan tundaan yang panjang pada ruas jalan tersbut.Ditambah lagi dengan terlihatnya terjadi konflik dipersimpangan tersebt, menjadikan hal yang sangat dirasa perlu untuk diteliti dan diharapkan dari evauasi yang ada dapat melahirkan suatu rekomendasi baru terhadap perbaikan kinerja di persimpangan tersebut.Penelitiaan ini dilakukan dengan pengamatan dan pengambilan data secara langsung pada lokasi persimpangan lalu melakukan perhitungan dan analisa terhadap data lapangan tersebut.Data lapangan ini menjadi acuan mendasar dalam rekayasa ulang terhadap kinerja persimpangan yang ada.Pada kondisi setelah perencanaan ulang dengan pengaturan sinyal 4 fase dengan BKJT pada pendekat Timur (Jl. Kis Mangunsarkoro) .Dari nilai-nilai dengan melakukan perubahan fase sinyal menjadi 4 fase maka tiap simpang mengalami penurunan derajat kejenuhan tetapi masih > 0,75. Maka dilakukan kembali perencanaan ulang persimpang yang layak digunakan kembali.Yaitu dengan menggeser marka jalan yang ada sehingga LM semakin lebar dan menekan angka derajat kejenuhan menjadi lebih kecil.Kata Kunci : Konflik, Persimpangan, Fase, Tundaan