bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining Methods of Euclidean, Affine, and Projective Geometries in Solving Geometric Problems
Authors: Shurygin Vadim Vasilievich , Shyrygin Vadim Vadimovich
Published: September 2021

The aim of the paper is to demonstrate how the techniques of one of the geometries indicated in the title can be used for solving problems formulated in the framework of one of the other geometries. In particular, it is shown how problems formulated in the framework of affine or projective geometry can be solved with an appropriate choice of Euclidean scalar product.
Generation of Three-Dimensional Synthetic Datasets
Authors: Kugurakova Vlada Vladimirovna , Abramov Vitaly Denisovich , Kostiuk Daniil Ivanovich , Sharaeva Regina Airatovna , Gazizova Rim Radikovich , Khafizov Murad Rustemovich
Published: September 2021

The work is devoted to the description of the process of developing a universal toolkit for generating synthetic data for training various neural networks. The approach used has shown its success and effectiveness in solving various problems, in particular, training a neural network to recognize shopping behavior inside stores through surveillance cameras and training a neural network for recognizing spaces with augmented reality devices without using auxiliary infrared cameras. Generalizing conclusions allow planning the further development of technologies for generating three-dimensional synthetic data.
Data Extraction from Similarly Structured Scanned Documents
Authors: Saitgareev Rustem Damirovich , Giniatullin Bulat Rifatovich , Toporov Vladislav Yurievich , Atnagulov Artur Aleksandrovich , Aglyamov Farid Radikovich
Published: September 2021

Currently, the major part of transmitted and stored data is unstructured, and the amount of unstructured data is growing rapidly each year, although it is hardly searchable, unqueryable, and its processing is not automated. At the same time, there is a growth of electronic document management systems. This paper proposes a solution for extracting data from paper documents considering their structure and layout based on document photos. By examining different approaches, including neural networks and plain algorithmic methods, we present their results and discuss them.
African Muslim Slaves: Literacy and Arabic Narratives
Authors: Bouzan Ruba
Published: September 2021

This thesis examines African Muslim slaves and their Arabic writings that influenced their enslavement. The first part of my research considers the historical context that weaves two American presidents together with their distant interaction with Muslim slaves. It also discusses three prominent Muslim slaves in American history: Ayyub bin Suleiman, Abdul Rahman

Ibrahima, and Omar ibn Said. Throughout the discussion of the lives of these three men, I analyze their Arabic writing and their use of mimicry throughout, and the ways in which this

influenced their patrons’ views of them. The second part explores their differing levels of Arabic literacy and how they were subject to varying degrees of Arabization and exoticization. The last part discusses the absence of their writing in the field of American literature and the American

slave narrative genre while arguing for their inclusion in these areas.
RIVETING VIETNAMESE AND AMERICAN CULTURE THROUGH JEWELRY ALCHYMY
Authors: DiChiara Thoa
Published: September 2021

My research involves a deep exploration of the visual and material language found in jewelry throughout history as it relates to deep social, cultural, and personal ideologies. I rivet my Vietnamese and American culture through jewelry alchemy while exploring my identity, sculpting and preserving the four sacred animals of Vietnam. I create boar head chains, the last animal in the Lunar Zodiac, and emerge unapologetically with crowns that proudly pronounce myself. I arrive at my altar with heirloom pendants and brooches, and lastly honor my family history with wearables that feature salt clusters and family gold. This body of work helped me discover deeper parts of my true self.
Non-Cooperative and Repetitive Games for Urban Conflicts in Tirana: A Playful Collaborative System to Lower Social Tension
Authors: Dhamo Sotir , Perna Valerio , Bregasi Ledian
Published: September 2021

Game Theory (GT) offers a critical lens to understand and analyze the capacity of different actors to make rational decisions linked to complex and emergent situations. Even though developed as a theory to tackle economic issues, GT has found a wider range of applications in heterogeneous fields such as architecture, where this new transdisciplinary tool can be used to address topics such as urban planning and public participation. The objectives of these researches aim for avoiding ghettoization, lowering social tension, and conflicts, and for proposing long-term solutions in a reality where the lack of authority has led to the development of closed informal clusters at the outskirts of the city. In this paper, we present the city of Tirana as a case study to develop our speculative research in an operative field that blends GT, computational design, and morphological/behavioral patterns. Non-cooperative and repetitive games are useful tools to identify generative patterns in the Albanian informal settlements, with the certainty that even the most spontaneous ones carry within them positive enzymes that can be taken into account to re-organize the informal settlements either spatially, socially, and economically (Dhamo, 2017, 2021). We propose a set of operative categories, filtered through the lens of GT and playful dynamics and mechanics, to set the debate for a deeper understanding of the reality of informal areas and foster co-design processes, from the perspective that collective interest is a key to let professionals, institutions and citizens work together in a more informed process of city-making.
Gender gaps in Central Asia: A reassessment
Authors: Lerman Zvi
Published: September 2021

The article reviews the latest available statistical information on gender inequalities in labor markets and in access to financial institutions, social services, and education. After a general review of agricultural development, household food security and rural poverty, population structure, and labor outmigration in Central Asia, the article examines the women’s role in the labor market, including both formal and informal female employment, the feminization of agriculture in the region, gender gaps in education and wages, and constraints on women’s access to extension services and land ownership. It is observed that women’s asset ownership rights and their access to supply and product markets are constrained by social norms. The article concludes with some conclusions and policy recommendations. This reassessment is designed to strengthen the qualitative approaches of the gender literature with some quantitative approaches from agricultural and development economics.
ARAH DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN WISATA DESA SEKOTONG BARAT - KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Endang Astuti  , Tuti Handayani
Published: September 2021

Kajian riset guna merumuskan strategi yang diperlukan untuk pengembangan wisata,  lazimnya menggunakan analisis SWOT. Beberapa diantaranya adalah penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Satriawati, dkk (2019); Susanto dan Amin Kiswantoro (2019); Suprina dan A. Amanda Nathania (2018); maupun oleh Salam, dkk (2018). Namun, dalam metode analisanya tidak menunjukkan adanya suatu hasil berupa indeks dari SWOT – suatu besaran/angka yang menentukan koordinat kuadran strategi, sebagai dasar utama dalam merumuskan strategi dan tingkat konfidensinya. Disamping itu, diadopsi Model Diamond dari Porter (Valiollahpour, et.al, 2014) untuk melengkapi analisa SWOT.  

Riset bertujuan untuk menentukan arah dan strategi pengembangan wisata, serta mengidentifikasi obyek wisata unggulan di desa penelitian berdasarkan bauran pendekatan tersebut.

Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa arah pengembangan wisata Desa Sekotong Barat adalah wisata bahari, dengan obyek wisata unggulan pada obyek wisata renang. Strategi pengembangan pariwisata desa bersifat agresif.
MOBILITAS DAN PERSEBARAN PENDUDUK NTB (PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN)
Authors: Jalaludin
Published: September 2021

Jumlah penduduk Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) berdasarkan Sensus Penduduk 2020 adalah 5,32 juta jiwa dengan Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk (LPP) 1,63 persen, lebih tinggi dari LPP nasional sebesar 1,25 persen. Kuantitas dan kualitas  penduduk merupakan  dua faktor utama dalam menganalisis masalah kependudukan, dimana keduanya bisa dikaji melalui tren, sebaran, pertumbuhan dan komposisinya, Sementara proses demografi seperti Fertilitas, Mortalitas dan migrasi atau mobilitas serta persebaran adalah faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi dinamika kependudukan itu sendiri. Persebaran dan mobilitas penduduk ibarat dua sisi mata uang yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dan keduanya merupakan determinan penting dalam kerangka pengendalian penduduk. Membicarakan masalah migrasi atau mobilitas penduduk, tidak begitu berarti bila tidak dikaitkan dengan  masalah persebaran penduduk, demikian pula sebaliknya menyelesaikan persoalan persebaran penduduk tidak mungkin dilakukan tampa mobilisasi atau perpindahan penduduk. Dengan adanya  mobilitas atau migrasi penduduk, pembangunan di daerah NTB semakin berkembang karena para migran umumnya adalah angkatan kerja dan biasanya memiliki semangat kerja dan semangat untuk maju yang besar dibandingkan dengan masyarakt local/ tempatan. Disamping itu kehadiran para migrant,  dapat menciptakan lapangan kerja baru yang dapat mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah. Selain berdampak terhadap peningkatan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan, adanya mobilitas atau migrasi penduduk juga menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan terhadap  persebaran penduduk NTB.
ANALISISS KAPASITAS PAJAK DAERAH KABUPATEN DAN KOTA PROPINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Wahidin  , Mustain  , Yusuf Hasbullah
Published: September 2021

Ruang lingkup penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan per kapita,  dan sektor-sektor ekonomi terhadap kapasitas pajak daerah. Tujuannya: untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan per kapita, sektor industri, sektor perdagangan, sektor akomodasi dan penyedia makanan minuman, dan sektor informasi dan komunikasi terhadap kapasitas Pajak Daerah.

Variabel penelitian yaitu: pendapatan per kapita, PDRB sektor industri, PDRB sektor perdagangan, PDRB sektor akomodasi dan penyedia makanan minuman, PDRB sektor informasi dan komunikasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode dokumentasi. Analisi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis Regresi berganda data panel. Metode data panel yang dipakai adalah metode Random Effect.

Hasil penelitian: pendapatan per kapita dan sektor industri berpengaruh secara tidak signifikansi terhadap pajak daerah. Sektor perdagangan, sektor akomodasi dan penyedia makanan minuman dan sektor informasi dan komunikasi berpengaruh secara signifikansi terhadap pajak daerah. Sektor perdagangan walaupun pengaruhnya secara signifikansi, namun berpengaruh negatif.
Possibilities of cardio- and nephroprotective eff ects of drugs of the SGLT2 inhibitor group
Authors: Kurashin V. K. , Borovkova N. Yu. , Kurashina V. A. , Bakka T. E.
Published: September 2021

This work is an attempt to analyze the data on the mechanisms of cardio- and nephroprotection of drugs of the SGLT2 inhibitor group (Sodium / glucose cotransporter 2). The data of recent studies are shown to indicate the eff ect of drugs of this group on the indices of central hemodynamics, on the volume of circulating plasma in particular, which can reduce the risk of progression and decompensation of chronic heart failure (CHF). The ability of empaglifl ozin to reduce pulsatility, a marker of increased vascular wall stiff ness, has been demonstrated. Also, SGLT2 inhibitors improve the energy supply of the myocardium and kidney tissue by increasing the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood, which are a more effi cient energy substrate than glucose and fatty acids. A direct pleiotropic eff ect on the myocardium, improvement of diastolic myocardial dysfunction is also not excluded. It is known that SGLT2 inhibitors also reduce cortical hypoxia, decrease intraglomerular hypertension and increase glomerular fi ltration rate, lessen incidence of nephropathy, its severity and rate of progression. Some studies have revealed antioxidant, anti-infl ammatory, antifi brotic eff ect of type 2 sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors. The use of this group of drugs also leads to a decrease in body weight. This eff ect is more pronounced in combination with other drugs intended for the treatment of obesity. All this makes SGLT2 inhibitors a promising group of drugs that have a large number of pathogenetic points of application in relation to cardiorenal syndrome.
Clinical and diagnostic features of polycystic ovary syndrome on the background of isulinresistance and hyperandrogenism
Authors: Akhundova N. E.
Published: September 2021

Aim of the study: to study the clinicodiagnostic features of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) against the background of insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism (HA).Material and methods. We examined 120 women with PCOS and HA, 76 (63.3%) of the total number had IR. The average age of women was 28.54 ± 0.74 (20–44). In women with HA and PCOS against the background of IR, the levels of follicle-stimulating (hFSH), luteinizing (LH), thyrotropic (TТH) hormones were detected, as well as LH/hFSH ratio, prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), total testosterone (T-total), DHEAS, androstenedione (Adione), cortisol (C), 17 hydroxyprogesterone (17-OPG), free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), SHBG and Anti- Mullerian Hormone (AMH). The levels of carbohydrate metabolism, including glucose, insulin (on an empty stomach), after glucose loading, were determined as well as the HOMA and CARO indices.Results. It was found that according to the Ferriman–Gallwey score, hirsutism was within the range of 16.15 ± 0.34 (11–24) points, hormones — 13.17 ± 0.30 (9–20) points in the examined patients. The indiff erent number was 2.93 ± 0.11 (2–4) points. The average weight of patients was 74.1 ± 1.79 (50–134) kg, height 1.62 ± 0.005 (1.52–1.78) m, Index of Mass Corporal was within 28.56 ± 0.66 (19.5–51.4) kg/m2. In 81.5% of patients with HA and PCOS, absolute sterility was noted on the background of IR. According to hormones studies, there was a statistically signifi cant increase in LH (14.0 ± 0.87 mIU/ml), LH/hFSH (2.39 ± 0.15), TSH (2.83 ± 0.23 mIU/ml), DHEAS (3.32 ± 0.21 pg / ml), 17-OPG (1.0 ± 0.08 ng/ml), Adione (3.94 ± 0.1 ng/ml), T-total (1, 15 ± 0.006 ng/ml), K (125.39 ± 2.86 ng/ml), AMH (7.84 ± 0.36 ng/ml), E1 (153.36 ± 4.56 ng/ml) and decrease in E2 (65.32 ± 2.38 pg/ml), SHBG (36.1 ± 2.0 nmol/l). The study of carbohydrate metabolism and some anthropometric parameters revealed an increase in OB (100.66 ± 1.76 cm), OB / OT (0.86 ± 0.005), glucose and insulin (on an empty stomach) parameters and after glucose loading and HOMA index with a signifi cant decrease in the SAR index. According to the ultrasound data, patients with HA and PCOS against the background of IR revealed a statistically signifi cant decrease in the length and width of the uterus and an increase in the length, thickness, volume of the endometrium, the number of atresic follicles in both ovaries compared to similar data in practically healthy women (p <0.05).
Bidirectional associations in comorbid diseases
Authors: Belyalov F. I.
Published: September 2021

The increasing number of patients with comorbid diseases with polypharmacotherapy requires the search for optimal approaches to the treatment. The article discusses clinical aspects of bilateral connection manifested by an increase in frequency, severity and worsening prognosis of comorbid diseases. Common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of diseases can serve as a basis for the development of optimal treatment of patients with comorbidity.
Sergey Mikhailovich Chibisov (on the 70th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2021

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Dual-mode multifunction filter realized with a single voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA)
Authors: Tangsrirat Worapong , Pukkalanun Tattaya , Channumsin Orapin
Published: September 2021

This article presents the dual-mode multifunction biquad filter realized employing only a single voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA), one resistor and three capacitors. The proposed filterwith one input and three outputs can configure as voltage-mode or current-mode filter circuit with the appropriate input injection choice. It can also synthesis the three standard filter functions, which are highpass, bandpass, and lowpass responses without modifying the circuit configuration. Orthogonal adjustment between the natural angular frequency (o) and the quality factor (Q) of the filter is achieved. Detail analysis of non-ideal VDGA effects and circuit component sensitivity are included. The circuit principle is verified by means of simulation results with TSMC 0.35-m CMOS process parameters.
Scham und Beschämung im Zeitalter der Social Media
Authors: Löchel Elfriede
Published: September 2021

Ausgehend von einem psychoanalytischen und phänomenologischen Verständnis der Scham untersucht der Beitrag Phänomene des Schamerlebens und der Beschämung im Bereich der Social Media. Er vertritt die These, dass Alltagsmythen über digitale Beschämungsstrategien, aber auch Schamdiskurse generell zunehmen und versteht dies als Indiz für die Veränderung subjektiver Struktur im Rahmen des digitalen Wandels der Gesellschaft. Neben psychoanalytischen Überlegungen wird Shaming auch im Kontext der Rechtsprechung diskutiert und darüber hinaus auf das Konzept der Prometheischen Scham bezogen.
Os saberes docentes dos professores da Rede E-TEC Brasil: um estudo de caso no sul do pais
Authors: Pasqualli Roberta , Soares Carvalho Marie Jane
Published: September 2021

O texto contribui com as discussões sobre a formação e profissão docente no âmbito da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) por meio da Educação a Distância (EAD), apresentando uma análise sobre os saberes fundamentais à docência nesta modalidade de educação. Como aportes teóricos, baseou-se em Alarcão (1998), Bicudo (1999), Charlot (2018), Kuenzer (2008), Tardif (2002) entre outros. Metodologicamente, trata de pesquisa qualitativa, documental e de campo com enfoque na investigação fenomenológica. Estruturou-se por meio das análises ideográfica e nomotética oriundas das falas de gestores, professores e tutores da Rede E-Tec Brasil no Instituto Federal Farroupilha (IFFAR). Os resultados indicam como saberes fundamentais para a atividade docente na EPT: os saberes da profissionalização docente e, entre eles, destacam-se os saberes dos contextos dos estudantes, da linguagem, da utilização dos aparatos tecnológicos, da generosidade, o mundo do trabalho e os saberes da formação humana não utilitarista.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PELAJARAN FISIKA
Authors: Harefa Envilwan Berkat
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran Numbered Head Together belum optimal diterapkan sehingga hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran konstruksi jalan dan jembatan belum memenuhi Standar KKM. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Numbered Head Together dan mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 1 Gunungsitoli Idanoi dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas X. Hasil penelitian : (1) pada siklus I (pertama) rata-rata pengamatan proses pembelajaran (responden guru) yaitu 48,60%, rata-rata persentase pengamatan keaktifan siswa yaitu 45,23% belum mencapai target yang ditetapkan, rata-rata hitung hasil belajar siswa adalah 66,93 tergolong kategori cukup, persentase ketuntasan siswa mencapai 38,88%. (2) pada siklus II (kedua) rata-rata pengamatan proses pembelajaran (responden guru) yaitu 91,06%, rata-rata persentase pengamatan keaktifan siswa yaitu 84,54% telah mencapai target yang ditetapkan, rata-rata hitung hasil belajar siswa adalah 82,16 tergolong kategori baik dan persentase ketuntasan belajar mencapai 100%, telah mencapai target yang ditetapkan yaitu 70. Dari temuan penelitian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Numbered Head Together pada pelajaran fisika dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di SMAN 1 Gunungsitoli Idanoi
Hematological parameters of cattle with dermatitis associated with parasitic infection
Authors: Kurbanov R. K. , Bahamaev B. M. , Gorchakov E. V. , Gvozdetsky N. A.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is study of the animal's body clinical status and changes in hematological parameters before and after treatment against sarcoptoidosis of cattle. 

Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on bull calves and heifers aged 6–10 months, medium finish, of 100–120 kg of body weight. The test animals were divided into three groups: two test groups and one control group of 15 animals each. Before the experiment and at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment with acaricides, scrapings from the affected skin and blood were taken from animals of all groups for research. The first test group animals were treated with ivermectin subcutaneously at a dose of 5 ml per animal, and the second test group was treated with cydectin subcutaneously at a dose of 5 ml per animal. The control animals were not treated. 

Results and discussion. The conducted hematological studies found a decrease in erythrocytes and hemoglobin in sarcoptoidosis, which indicated a decrease in oxygen supply to the body, and, consequently, organs and tissues. The white blood cell differential was observed to have a noticeable decrease in monocytes and lymphocytes.
Haematophagous parasites of some fish species in the Lower Irtysh
Authors: Liberman Е. L.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is study of four fish species infected with haematophagous parasites in the rivers of the Lower Irtysh basin. 

Materials and methods. The work was performed in the rivers of the Lower Irtysh basin in 2017–2020. A total of 390 fish of different sex and age were examined including 47 roach (Rutilus rutilus lacustris, (Pallas)), 41 ide (Leuciscus idus, (Linnaeus, 1758)), 47 pike (Esox lucius, (Linnaeus, 1758)) and 255 Siberian sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus marsiglii (Brandt, 1833)). We took blood from the tail artery, and examined its fresh drop under a microscope, and prepared a thin smear, then dried it in the air and fixed in a mixture of 70% ethyl alcohol and diethyl ether (1 : 1) for 30 minutes. The fixed smears were dried in the air at room temperature and stained with azure and eosin at a dilution of 1 : 10 for 40 minutes. We identified species of the found parasites and calculated the prevalence of infection with standard error of the mean.

Results and discussion. We found representatives of the Coccidea and Kinetoplastea classes parasitizing in fish blood. Trypanoplasma acipenseris and Haemogregarina acipenseris were recorded in the Siberian sterlet. The pike was infected with T. schulmani and H. esoci. T. schulmani was found in the blood of the ide and roach. Piscicola geometra is the main host of flagellates and sporozoans that parasitize in fish blood in the basin of the Lower Irtysh. The roach and the Siberian sterlet become infected with parasitic flagellates from the age of 1+. All examined fish were infected in age groups 2+ – 4+. Haemogregarina parasitize in the pike aged 4+ and 5+, and in the Siberian sterlet aged 1+ – 4+ and 6+ – 7+.
Contamination of environmental objects with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in industrial pig farm and measures to control them
Authors: Novikov A. S. , Kryazhev A. L.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to study the contamination of environmental objects with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in industrial pig farm; desinfection against exogenous stages of Cryptosporidium spp. using Kenocox.

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on the basis of an industrial pig breeding complex in the Cherepovets district of the Vologda region in a pigsty for 120 heads, divided into 2 sectors, as well as in a pigsty for weaning pigs and a fattening pigsty for 1500 and 2000 heads respectively. For this, scrapings were taken from the floors of the pens, walkways, and walls of feeders and examined them for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. Then, in the nursery after transferring the piglets to the rearing section, desinfection was carried out. One sector was treated with Kenocox at a dose of 0.5 L per 1 m2 with an exposure of 2 hours, the other sector – with a hot 4% sodium hydroxide solution at a rate of 1 L per 1 m2 with an exposure of 3 hours. One day after the treatment, the oocyst contamination of Cryptosporidium spp. in environmental objects in both sectors was re-examined.

Results and discussion. The highest contamination of environmental objects with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts (floors and walls of pens, feeders, floors of aisles) was found in the brood pigsty, where all the examined objects were contaminated to varying degrees (19.4%). With an increase in the age of piglets and their transfer to pigsties for weaners, and later on for rearing, there is a decrease in the contamination of the premises in which these age groups of animals are kept (10.0 and 2.5% respectively). With the desinfection of the queen-shed, as the most contaminated by oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. from the pig-breeding premises we examined, a significant effect was achieved with the use of Kenocox. Sodium hydroxide solution was found to be ineffective against Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts.
Trichinelloscopy of domestic and wild animal carcasses
Authors: Uspensky A. V. , Zhdanova O. B. , Andreyanov O. N. , Napisanova L. A. , Malysheva N. S.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is analyze the localization of Trichinella sp. in animals muscle and to evaluate the methods of intravital and post-mortem diagnosis of trichinellosis in domestic, wild and game animals.

Materials and methods. In order to prevent trichinellosis in human population and animals, life-time and post-mortem diagnosis methods for trichinellosis are widely used. Life-time diagnosis of trichinellosis is based on detection of specific antibodies in blood serum of sick animals. Modern immunological assays allow detecting specific antibodies (immunoglobulins J and M) at 10–12 days after infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with fractionated antigen has the greatest real possibility of application for individual and mass seroepizootic studies of pigs and horses; ELISA is a highly sensitive and specific test. Veterinary and sanitary examination is conducted by methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and peptolysis (muscle tissue digested in artificial gastric juice). For the compression research method, in particular for pig carcasses, 2 samples of the diaphragmatic peduncles of 60 g each are taken. It is also possible to study samples from masticatory muscles, tongue, intercostal space or esophagus. Twelve sections are made from each sample (24 in total). A more sensitive and productive method is the digestion of muscle tissue using a set of diagnostic devices and instruments such as AVT. The method is based on peptolysis of crushed muscle tissue in technological reactors. Diagnosis of trichinellosis using such devices makes it possible to automate and mechanize all processes associated with the isolation of Trichinella larvae. The main application areas of the devices are meat processing factories, fur farms or veterinary and sanitary examination laboratories in the markets.

Results and discussion. We presented data on the role of veterinary and sanitary examination for trichinellosis in susceptible animals as the core measure in the system of measures to prevent this infection. We analyzed indicators of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice. Factors of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice were analyzed. Information was given on localization of Trichinella larvae in various species of domestic and wild animals, optimal sampling sites and volumes of muscle tissue samples with the existing methods of examination for trichinellosis. To study fresh carcasses for trichinellosis at meat processing factories, the peptolysis method is recommended.
Effects of single and 7-fold administration of a complex of albendazole with disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid to hamsters infected with Opisthorchis felineus
Authors: Avgustinovich D. F. , Lvova M. N. , Tsyganov M. A. , Ponomarev D. V. , Mordvinov V. A. , Evseenko V. I. , Dushkin A. V.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effect of albendazole as part of the supramolecular complex with disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid obtained by solid-phase mechanical treatment.

Materials and methods. The anthelmintic activity of the complex and its effect on the host organism was assessed on hamsters infected with Opisthorchis felineus by single and 7-fold administration at 45 days after infection. After 21 days, we counted the number of helminthes in the liver, and conducted a morphometric analysis of the liver and spleen, and detected biochemically the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the animals’ blood serum.

Results and discussion. The number of O. felineus significantly decreased after 7-fold, but not a single, administration of albendazole (ABZ) and ABZ-Na2GA complex (1 : 10). The administrated substances had no effect on the weight gain of the animals and the daily consumption of the pellets. At the same time, ABZ only as part of the complex normalized the weight of the liver and spleen in hamsters infected with O. felineus and reduced the alanine aminotransferase activity. Consequently, a longer administration of ABZ as part of the complex with disodium glycyrrhizinate has not only a pronounced anthelmintic effect, but also improves some of the physiological parameters of hamsters to a greater extent than a pure substance.
Teachers' Efficacy, Knowledge, and Professional Development in the Implementation of Character Education
Authors: Ahmad Noorlila , Roslan Samsilah , taresh Sahar
Published: September 2021

Character education is deemed as an essential aspect to be disseminated
to the students in enabling them to be prepared to face real-world society. It can
be incorporated into formal education with the support of school staff,
teachers, and parents. Hence, this study investigates the relationship between teachers'
efficacy, knowledge, and professional development in implementing character
education. Using a quantitative correlational approach, data was obtained from 384 secondary school
teachers on character education efficacy belief, character education knowledge,
belief and practice instrument, and character education professional
development. The data was analysed using multiple linear regression analysis
scales. The findings postulated that teacher’s professional development and
knowledge were able to predict the implementation of character education while
efficacy was deemed an insignificant variable. Therefore, understanding the
relationships between the factors is essential to train future teachers for
character education. In conclusion, the findings from this study are expected to
benefit the Ministry of Education, school administrations, teachers, and the
community in identifying ways to enhance the implementation of character education.
Тhe Russian publicist Alexandre Baschmakoff on the Macedonian question in letters and journalism (1899)
Authors: Beklemisheva Maria M.
Published: September 2021

The article studies the views of the Slavophile Alexandre Baschmakoff on the essence and solution of the «Macedonian question» in 1899 developed in his book «Bulgaria and Macedonia» and archival letters to Count N. P. Ignatiev, the latter for the first time used as a historical source. Special aspects of the representation of facts in Baschmakoff’s book and letters are highlighted. In addition the author documents the unofficial manner of his trip. It is shown that Baschmakoff sought to reach Macedonia by the time of the alleged general uprising and become a mediator between the rebels and official Russia. One of the main sources of information about the political situation in the region for him during the trip were testimonies of Bulgarian oppositionists, while his concept of ethnic composition in Macedonia was based on his own observations. The main attention in the work is paid to Baschmakoff’s ideas about the necessary Russian foreign policy course in Bulgaria and Macedonia in 1899: in his opinion, the goal of Russian diplomacy should have been an establishment of autonomy in Macedonia avoiding war and an active foreign policy course towards the Balkans.
Unbalanced Growth in the Labourscape: explaining regional employment divergence
Authors: Sobyra Robert , Sigler Thomas , Charles-Edwards Elin
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the role of human capital in explaining divergent employment growth within advanced economies. It adds a spatial dimension to William J. Baumol’s theory of ‘unbalanced growth’ by linking it with the concept of ‘job polarization’. We develop a theory of ‘geographical unbalanced growth’ that explains divergent employment trajectories in terms of skill restructuring. The theory is operationalized via a novel shift–share extension, which is applied to Australian data. We find evidence of ongoing regional divergence and for our proposed mechanism. The findings reinforce the importance of active policies to attract high-skilled jobs to non-metropolitan regions.
Tiếp tục đổi mới, hoàn thiện chế độ sở hữu trong nền kinh tế thị trường định hướng XHCN ở Việt Nam
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: September 2021

Nền kinh tế thị trường thực sự hiện đang tồn tại ở tất cả các nước phát triển với các mô hình khác nhau. Nhưng tất cả đều có những đặc điểm chung, đó là: (1) Cơ sở vật chất và công nghệ đều dựa trên sự phát triển của đại công nghiệp và đang có xu hướng chuyển sang nền kinh tế tri thức; (2) Các nền kinh tế thị trường này đều dựa trên nền tảng sở hữu tư nhân, sở hữu nhà nước, chiếm tỷ trọng không lớn và chỉ có vai trò hỗ trợ sở hữu tư nhân phát triển; (3) Giá cả của tất cả các loại hàng hóa và dịch vụ như: giá cả, lãi suất, tỷ giá, tiền lương... đều do thị trường xác định, có sự điều tiết hợp lý của nhà nước khi cần thiết; (4) Các nguồn lực phát triển: tiền tệ, vốn, công nghệ, lao động... do thị trường phân bổ; (5) Các nền kinh tế thị trường này đều mở cửa, hội nhập quốc tế; (6) Nhà nước đều can thiệp để hạn chế bớt mặt trái của thị trường, như: giảm bớt tình trạng nghèo đói, ô nhiễm môi trường, tác động tiêu cực của khủng hoảng, định hướng hỗ trợ phát triển khoa học công nghệ và hội nhập quốc tế...
Holographic focusing and surface integral
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: September 2021

Holographic focusing and surface integral
Sanal Flow Choking Leads to Hemorrhagic Stroke and Other Neurological Disorders in Earth and Human Spaceflight
Authors: V R SANALKUMAR
Published: September 2021

Evidences are escalating on the diverse neurological disorders associated with COVID-19 pandemic due to the nanoscale Sanal flow choking (PMC7267099). The Sanal flow choking occurs at relatively high and low blood viscosity. Sanal flow choking leads to aneurysm, hemorrhagic-stroke and other neurological-disorders if the vessel geometry is having divergence, bifurcation, stenosis and/or occlusion regions (PMC7933821). Nanoscale Sanal flow choking is more susceptible at microgravity condition due to altered variations of blood viscosity, turbulence and the blood pressure ratio (BPR). Astronauts/Cosmonauts experienced neurological disorders during human spaceflight and thereafter. V.R.S.Kumar et al. (2021) reported that the asymptomatic episodes in the cardiovascular system are due to the internal flow choking (Biofluid/ Sanal flow choking) at a critical blood pressure ratio (BPR), which is regulated by the biofluid/blood heat capacity ratio (BHCR).  As the pressure of the nanoscale biofluid / non-continuum-flows rises, fluid viscosity increases and average-mean-free-path diminishes and thus, the Knudsen number lowers heading to a zero-slip wall-boundary condition with the compressible flow regime, which increases the risk of Sanal flow choking and the shock wave generation causing asymptomatic cardiovascular disease. Microgravity environment decreases plasma volume and increases the hematocrit compared with the situation on the Earth surface, which increases the relative viscosity of blood causing an early Sanal flow choking. Herein, we established that the disproportionate blood-thinning treatment increases the risk of the nanoscale Sanal flow choking due to the enhanced boundary-layer-blockage factor. The risk could be diminished by concurrently reducing the viscosity of biofluid/ blood and flow-turbulence by increasing the thermal-tolerance-level in terms of BHCR and/or by decreasing the BPR through new drug discovery or using companion medicine with the traditional blood thinners or other health care management. We recommend all astronauts/cosmonauts should wear ambulatory blood pressure and thermal level monitoring devices similar to a wristwatch throughout the space travel for the diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of internal flow choking leading to asymptomatic cardiovascular disease including neurological disorders.
The Long-run Effects of War: A Literature Review
Authors: Hang Nguyen K. , Le T. Trang  , Huong Hoang T. T. , Huong Nguyen T. , Khoi Nguyen D. , Nguyen My , Le Kien
Published: September 2021

We review the literature for the long-term effects of war on human capital. We document the negative effects of exposure to war on individual health, prospective earnings, educational attainment, prospective earnings, and labor productivity in the long run. The findings call for immediate and effective actions to reduce the detrimental repercussions of war.
A Literature Review on the Impacts of Armed Conflicts on Human Development
Authors: Le T. Trang
Published: September 2021

This paper reviews the literature for both the short-term and long-term effects of armed conflicts on human development. We identify the negative effects of exposure to armed conflicts on child health in the short run, and prospective earnings, educational attainment, labor productivity in the long run. The findings call for quick and effective actions to minimize the negative consequences of armed conflicts in both the short run and long run.
'Everyone wants to be seen and accepted': A thematic analysis of gender and sexual identities between and beyond the binary
Authors: Wright-Bevans Melissa , Wright-Bevans Katie , Childs Carrie , Hallam Jenny
Published: September 2021

Historically, those who hold minority sexual and gender identities have been pathologized, discriminated against and marginalised. However, much less is known about those who hold multiple minority statuses concurrently and are gender and sexually diverse (GSD). Similarly, literature that explores the intersection between GSD between and beyond the binary is scarce. Yet, GSD communities experience poor mental and health outcomes and high suicide rates that have been associated with social rejection. The present study included 119 GSD participants across trans, non-binary, Bi+ and ace communities. Participants completed an online survey which contained questions relating to their sexual identity, of which 43 made unsolicited references to their gender identities. Subsequently, this study aimed to explore how GSD individuals experience their gender identity in relation to their sexual identity via reflexive thematic analysis. Three main themes were identified. Findings highlighted the importance of attaining gender congruence to attain sexual congruence and alterations in sexual attraction during gender affirmation as being understood in both psychological and biological contexts. Additionally, participants experienced their GSD as being gatekept from all angles. Particularly, invalidating familial interactions towards GSD were detrimental to positive self-concepts beyond cishet ideals. Consequently, participants risked becoming their own barrier in the expression of their own GSD to find shelter amongst cisheteronormativity. Importantly, participants exhibited self-acceptance and resilience in the form of affirmative interactions. These findings showcase the importance of acceptance and resilience building within and outside of GSD communities. Furthermore, this study proposes pathways towards resilience and recovery through the understanding and dissemination of expert companionship to institutions, professionals, allies, and GSD communities alike.
The Consequences of Nutrition Hazards: A Literature Review
Authors: Le T. Trang  , Huong Nguyen T. , Khoi Nguyen D. , Huong Hoang T. T. , Hang Nguyen K. , Nguyen My , Le Kien
Published: September 2021

A better understanding of the factors that mitigate the consequences of nutrition-related hazards and encourage resilience is required to prevent against or improve poor development outcomes. This study included a review of the literature. Dietary adequacy is essential for growth and development, but current data suggests that nutrition supplements alone is insufficient to generate resilience to defend against, alleviate, and recover from nutritional stressors, as well as to promote healthy development. It is vital to combine nutrition therapy with stimulation and responsive care. Combined nutrition and psychosocial stimulation treatments may be successful in promoting protective factors and mitigating risks for impaired cognitive, motor, social, and affective functioning, hence assisting children in adapting to adversity.
The Impact of Neglecting Climate Change and Variability on ERCOT’s Forecasts of Electricity Demand in Texas
Authors: Lee Jangho , Dessler Andrew
Published: September 2021

The Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) manages the electric power across most of Texas. They make short-term assessments of electricity demand based on historical weather over the last decade or two, thereby ignoring the effects of climate change and the possibility of weather variability outside of the recent historical range. In this paper, we develop an empirical methodology to predict the impact of weather on energy demand. We use that with a large ensemble of climate model runs to construct a probability distribution of power demand on the ERCOT grid for summer and winter 2021. We find that the ERCOT grid is running with no safety margin, particularly during summer. We estimate a 5% chance that maximum power demand would be within 4.3 and 7.9 GW of ERCOT’s estimate of best-case available resources during summer and winter 2021, respectively, and a 20% chance it would be within 7.1 and 17 GW. With such small margins, the unexpected reductions in available power can lead to shortages on the grid. This problem is partially hidden by the fact that ERCOTs seasonal assessments, based entirely on historical weather, are too low. Prior to the 2021 winter blackout, ERCOT forecasted an extreme peak load of 67 GW. In reality, we estimate hourly peak demand was 82 GW, 22% above ERCOT’s most extreme forecast and about equal to the best-case available power. Given the high stakes, ERCOT should develop probabilistic estimates using modern scientific tools to predict the range of power demand more accurately.
Factors Affecting Supervision Practice of Public Building Construction Projects in Dire Dawa Administration
Authors: Quezon Emer Tucay
Published: September 2021

Proper completion of a public building construction project is dependent on the effectiveness of the construction supervision. However, it has become increasingly difficult to finish construction projects within the specified time, budget, and quality standards due to poor supervision practices. Approaches such as quantitative and qualitative research and descriptive research types were used in this study. Questionnaires survey were issued to 104 respondents, with 11 representing clients, 22 representing consultants, and 71 representing contractors. There were 33 factors identified, which were then divided into seven groups for further analysis. It was discovered that the top-ranked factors that influence construction supervision practice are: supervisors' lack of skills and experience, incompleteness and consistency in the design, lack of appropriate decision making, location of the project, material and equipment costs, a lack of construction materials supply, and effect of weather conditions. The Relative Importance Index was calculated to determine whether or not the parties agreed on the factors and ranked them according to their importance. Most respondents suggested that supervisors should receive proper training, and comprehensive and detailed drawings should be provided on time. In addition, it was discovered that the top three essential group elements affecting supervision practice of the public building project are supervisory, design, and management-related aspects.
A comment on Ellwood-Lowe et al. (2020/2021): Presentation and discussion of results should take the lead from the preregistration
Authors: Flournoy John Coleman
Published: September 2021

Preregistration establishes transparent and verifiable links between hypotheses, statistical tests, and error-control of decisions. In this comment, I critique both the preregistration of, and the presentation of preregistered results from two studies investigating scarcity as a potential cause of the word gap. The primary goal is to illustrate how and why preregistration should guide the way results are framed, and how this might influence conclusions drawn.
Theory of Mind and the Agreeableness-Antagonism Dimension: Differential Associations with Callousness, Aggression, and Manipulativeness
Authors: Blain Scott D. , Udochi Aisha Linnea , Allen Timothy , Xi Muchen , DeYoung Colin G.
Published: September 2021

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to how we identify and understand the mental states of others. ToM abilities vary with dimensions of normal-range personality and can be seriously impaired in a number of mental disorders, particularly those related to the Antagonism domain. The current study used a multi-task design to examine how ToM relates to Agreeableness-Antagonism subfactors, replicating and extending previous work. Participants (N = 335) completed self-report measures of the Big Five, empathy, and personality pathology, as well as tasks spanning mental state attribution, affect recognition, and mentalizing. Exploratory structural equation modeling was used to assess the impact of Agreeableness-Antagonism subfactors on ToM. A three-factor structure was derived for Agreeableness-Antagonism, with factors corresponding to Compassion-Callousness, Pacifism-Aggression, and Honesty-Manipulativeness. While higher Aggression and lower Compassion predicted worse ToM ability, higher Manipulativeness predicted better ToM ability. Findings replicate and extend work suggesting differential relations of specific Agreeableness-Antagonism subfactors with social cognition. We discuss our results with a focus on the importance of dimensional psychopathology models and facet-level research.