bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Elman Spike Neural Network optimized with Glowworm Swarm Optimization for Authentication of Multiple Transaction using Finger Vein
Authors: Joans S. Mary , Jasmine J.S. Leena , Ponsudha P.
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, Automated Teller Machines (ATM) are broadly used every one Hence, the security is some more need to improve the bank sector. Due to increase in the count of criminals and their activities, ATMs have become unsafe. The access card and PIN are used in the ATM system for identity verification. Recent advances in biometric detection techniques, like fingerprinting, retinal scanning, face recognition, have made great strides in recovering the insecure environment at ATMs. In this manuscript, an Enhanced Elman Spike Neural Network Optimized with Glowworm Swarm Optimization is proposed for Authentication of Multiple Transaction Using Finger Vein (EESNN-GWO-AMT-FV). Here finger vein authentication, images are collected from the SDUMLA-HMT dataset. Then the images are pre-processed to improve the quality of the images using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization filtering (CLAHEF).The features are extracted by using the visual geometry group network (VGG16).By using VGG16 model, various features are extracted, such as Vein Patterns, Local Binary Patterns, Dimensionality Reduction andImage Transformations. The extracted features are transferred to EESNN classifier for classifying the authorized person and unauthorized person. Then the weight parameters of the EESNN are optimized using the Glowworm swarm optimization Algorithm (GWO). The proposed method is implemented and the efficiency of the proposed EESNN-GWO-AMT-FV is examined under performance metrics, viz accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, Error rate, AUC. The performance of the proposed method provides higher accuracy 99.01%, 98.34%, and 97.45%, and higher precision 87.12%, 94.12% and 91.78% compared with existing methods, like CNN-AOA-MBR-FV, CNN-MBR-FKP-FV and DCNN-MBR-FV respectively.
ESM1/VEGFα signaling pathway augments endothelial cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis in human cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Yugang , Li Dan , Yao Li , Wang Li , Tang Xianbin , Su Xiao-min
Published: June 2022

Background
The aberrant expression of endothelial cell specific molecule 1 (ESM1) is frequent in the carcinogenesis of various neoplasms. However, the expression profile, potential biological function and prognostic value of ESM1 in CSCC remain undetermined.
Methods
In the present study, we used human specimens to investigate the expression pattern of ESM1 in normal cervical tissue, LSIL, HSIL and CSCC samples by IHC assay and RT-qPCR. The expression pattern and the diagnostic or prognostic value of ESM1 were then further validated and explored in CSCC based on GEO and TCGA. Genomic enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to probe the masked molecular mechanisms of ESM1 in CSCC. Finally, the molecular mechanisms of ESM1 in human CSCC cell lines, including SiHa and ME-180 cells, were explored by in vitro studies of RNA interference experiments.
Results
In human samples, the ESM1 was significantly hyper-expressed in CSCC or HSIL, compared with LSIL or normal cervical tissue. The data from TCGA and GEO further confirmed that ESM1 was overexpressed in CSCC and was significantly related to dismal overall survival (OS) in CSCC patients. Furthermore, GSEA analysis showed that the CSCC patients with ESM1high were mostly enriched in angiogenesis and the VEGFα signaling pathway. Finally, the in vitro experiment suggested that interference of ESM1 inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and enhanced apoptosis, resulting in the reduction of VEGFα expression, HIF-1α expression, the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 (P-VEGFR2) and ERK-1/2 (P-ERK-1/2) in SiHa and ME-180 cells.
Conclusion
This assay figures out that ESM1 is notably overexpressed in CSCC patients. Overexpression of ESM1 predicts adverse prognosis of CSCC, and overexpressed ESM1, VEGFα and HIF-1α harbored synergistic effect in tumorigenesis and progression of CSCC cells through the VEGFα/VEGFR2/ERK signaling pathway. Thus, ESM1 and related genes may serve as promising diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and candidate therapeutic targets for CSCC patients.
Clinical value of multi-gene testing in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules
Authors: Zhang Murui , Hu Xiaotong , Liu Lunming , Wang Yihong , Jiang Junchang , Li Hui , Fei Weiqiang , Zhong Tingting , Jiang Zhinong
Published: June 2022

Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) has been widely applied for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, it is limited mainly to testing for a single gene--BRAFV600E, whereas multi-gene testing data are extremely scarce, especially in the Asian population. This study aimed to explore the clinical value of multi-gene testing in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules based on The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC). Methods: A total of 615 thyroid nodules underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were collected from Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform was applied for multi-gene testing. A panel of well recognized commonly mutated genes in thyroid cancer were analyzed, including BRAFV600E, KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, TERT, TP53, PAX8/PPARγ, RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3. Results: Gene mutations were identified in 324 nodules (52.7%), BRAFV600Ewas the driver gene with the highest alteration frequency (233/324, 79.1%), followed by RAS (77/324, 23.8%). The overall malignancy rate of gene mutations was 89.7% in our cohort, of which the lymph node metastasis rate was 45.3%. The combination of multi-gene testing and cytology resulted in 89.3% sensitivity, 95.2% specificity, 98.9% positive predictive value, 64.5% negative predictive value and 83.1% accuracy, which were significantly higher than those from mere cytology (sensitivity 68.6%, specificity 87.5%, positive predictive value 95.9%, negative predictive value 39.8%, accuracy 72.7%). Conclusions: Multi-gene testing could greatly increase the detection rate of malignant thyroid nodules and protect patients with benign nodules from unnecessary surgeries. Multi-gene testing provides a valuable reference for individualized preoperative decision-making, which may serve as a crucial method for postoperative treatment and prognosis assessment.
Those who speak survive: The value of the verbal component of GCS in trauma
Authors: Alao David Olukolade , Cevik Arif Alper , Alyafei Eman , Abu-Zidan Fikri
Published: June 2022

Aim
To evaluate the predictive value of the individual components of GCS in predicting the survival of trauma patients in the emergency department.
Methods
This is a post-hoc analysis of previously published data on trauma patients in Al Ain City. We obtained data on patients that presented with trauma to Al-Ain Hospital who were admitted for more than 24 hours or died at the Emergency Department or hospital from January 2014 to December 2017. Studied variables included demographics, vital signs, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), GCS components, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and in-hospital mortality. We entered factors found to have a p value of < 0.1 in univariate analysis into a direct logistic regression model to define factors that predict survival.
Results
There were 3519 trauma patients in the registry. The median (range) of age, respiratory rate, and ISS were significantly lower in patients who survived 31(0-105) versus 37 (1–76) years, p = 0.031; 18 (6–56) versus 22 (0–35) breaths per minutes, p = 0.019, and 4 (1–75) versus 16.5 (1–75), p < 0.001, respectively). Systolic blood pressure and GCS were significantly higher in patients who survived (median (range) 133 mmHg (21–265) versus 117mmHg (0-209), p = 0.003, and 15 (3–15) versus 6 (3–15), p < 0.001, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that ISS and GCS-Verbal Response (GCS-VR) were significant predictors of survival. GCS-VR was the most significant predictor for survival, with Area Under the Curve of 0.89, p < 0.001.
Conclusion
In general trauma patients, acute trauma care professionals can use GCS-VR to predict survival instead of the total GCS score or ISS.
Quantum gene regulatory networks
Authors: Cai James , Roman-Vicharra Cristhian
Published: June 2022

In this work, we present a quantum circuit model for inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs). The model is based on the idea of using qubit-qubit entanglement to simulate interactions between genes. We provide preliminary results that suggest our quantum GRN modeling method is competitive and warrants further investigation. Specifically, we present the results derived from the single-cell transcriptomic data of human cell lines, focusing on genes in involving innate immunity regulation. We demonstrate that our quantum circuit model can be used to predict the presence or absence of regulatory interactions between genes and estimate the strength and direction of the interactions, setting the stage for further investigations on how quantum computing finds applications in data-driven life sciences and, more importantly, to invite exploration of quantum algorithm design that takes advantage of the single-cell data. The application of quantum computing on single-cell transcriptomic data likewise contributes to a novel understanding of GRNs, given that the relationship between fully interconnected genes can be approached more effectively by quantum modeling than by statistical correlations.
Validation of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life - II among patients with severe obesity
Authors: Cremonesi Mariane Carvalho , Duarte-Guerra Leorides Severo , Pajecki Denis , Santo Marco Aurelio , Neto Francisco Lotufo , Wang Yuan-Pang
Published: June 2022

Background
Improvement in quality of life is a major outcome after bariatric surgery. Reliable and valid tools that evaluate the quality of life are essential for better clinical practice.
Aim
Investigate the reliability and validity of the Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II (MA-II) among Brazilian-Portuguese-speaking patients with severe obesity.
Methods
The sample was composed of 387 patients (mean age 43 years, 78.8% women, median Body Mass Index [BMI]: 46.5 kg/m2) invited from the waiting list of a university-based bariatric center. In addition, psychiatric comorbidities, the severity of depressive symptoms, and the patient's level of functioning were evaluated by the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), respectively.
Results
The internal consistency of the MA-II was acceptable, as indicated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.70. The total score of MA-II was significantly correlated with the severity of the depressive symptoms (MADRS) and the level of global functioning (GAF). In turn, the BMI was inversely correlated with physical activity and job performance dimensions of the MA-II. The more BMI increases, the quality of life worsens.
Conclusion
The MA-II is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate the quality of life among Brazilian-Portuguese-speaking patients with severe obesity. The questionnaire is a helpful and quick tool for assessing the quality of life of bariatric patients.
Expanded sequence space of radical S-adenosylmethionine-dependent enzyme involved in post-translational macrocyclization
Authors: He Bei-Bei , Cheng Zhuo , Zhong Zheng , Gao Ying , Liu Hongyan , Li Yong-Xin
Published: June 2022

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) represents one of the largest yet largely underexplored natural product families in bacteria. Although varied precursors and maturases lead to remarkable structural diversity, genetically-encoded nature of RiPP results in a residue-defined modification landscape of macrocyclic peptides, which simplifies the prediction and prioritization of their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Here, we report a small peptide and enzyme co-occurrence analysis workflow (SPECO), which enabled us to perform a large-scale analysis of radical S-adenosylmethionine (rSAM) enzyme-catalyzed RiPPs BGCs and disclosed uncharted enzyme sequence space for unprecedented post-translational modification of macrocyclic peptides. Applying this approach to 161,954 bacterial genomes, we identified 32,220 BGCs of rSAM-catalyzed RiPPs and prioritized 25 new families with unseen biosynthetic architectures or precursor peptide patterns. We further discovered three new enzymes for macrocyclic peptides construction, which catalyzed crosslinks between cysteine to glycine, histidine to aliphatic side-chain, and tyrosine/histidine to arginine, respectively. Together, these results demonstrate the strength of our SPECO approach in discovering new RiPP BGCs and diverse enzymes for macrocyclic peptides biosynthesis.
Work environment disruption and its impact on the workers’ mental wellbeing: An analysis of anxiety and stress in remote e-workers during covid-19 pandemic in India
Authors: Mir Mohd Saleem , Sidana Karan , Sharan Utkarsh , Kumar Rachit , Vibhore Aman , Kumar Lalit , Singh Ojasva , Kumar Sidhant
Published: June 2022

Amidst the disruption of the Coronavirus pandemic the lockdown was established to curb the spread of the disease, resulting in an indirect effect on the well-being of the general populace. For working professionals, who were forced to shift to e-working from home, the home confinement, isolation and disruption of daily routine reinforced new occupational stressors which lead to a rise in reporting of anxious tendencies related to Covid-19. This study is designed to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental wellbeing of remote e-workers. The study opts for a survey-based research and measures anxiety related to Covid-19 and job stress through Covid-19-related Anxiety Stress (CAS-7) and new Job Stress Scale (JSS-22) standardized instruments. For a sample of 79 respondents, a moderate Covid-19 related anxiety and Job Stress was observed. The mean score for the CAS was 18.31 ± 3.46 indicating a moderate Covid-19 related anxiety. Further, a noticeable trend was observed in the subscales of the Job Stress Scale where mean Job Stress was 12.32 ± 3.87; and Role Expectation Conflict was 13.86 ± 4.87. Coworker Support was 15.92 ± 4.54 and for Anxiety the score was 12.39 ± 5.15. The overall results of job stress scale indicate a moderate occupational anxiety and stress. Age, gender and the work experience are seen to have varied impacts on the anxiety and stress in e-workers. The study adds support to extending the literature that emphasizes implementation of policies for an improved mental and psychological well-being in the situation like COVID-19 pandemic and in such future disruptive events.
An Efficient Weighted Network Centrality Approach for Exploring Mechanisms of Action of the RP-RB Herbal Formula for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ochieng Peter , Dombi J´ozsef , Hussain Abrar
Published: June 2022

Aim : This study presents an efficient weighted network centrality measureapproach and its application in network pharmacology for exploring mechanismsof action of the Ruellia prostrata (RP) and Ruellia bignoniiflora (RB) herbalformula for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Method: A tripartite network of RP-RB compositive compound-knowntherapeutic targets-putative target genes was first built. The interconnectivityscore was used to prioritizes network candidate network components based ontheir overall connectivity with shared neighborhood network components. A newinterconnectivity based weighted centrality score calculated from traditionalnetwork centrality measure was used identify and explore relationships of themajor network components. The functionality of our proposed method wasdemonstrated by an application in network pharmacology. Result : Network pharmacology results revealed that out of 196 compounds 22were actively interacting with known rheumatoid arthritis therapeutic targets andputative target genes. A multi-level network simulation identifies 33 majorcandidate targets including 8 compositive compounds, 10 therapeutic targets and15 putative target genes. The gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichmenttarget validation demonstrated that candidate putative target genes were frequently involved in TNF, CCR5, IL-17 and G-protein coupled receptorssignaling pathways which are critical in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis.The molecular docking simulation and molecular descriptor analysis indicatedthat Glyceryl diacetate-2-Oleate, Hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propylester, Glycidyl oleate, and Oleoyl chloride had a high binding affinity on theirmajor targets with their molecular descriptor properties indicating their potentialdrug likeliness for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion : The findings of this study provides promising results that couldlead to design and discovery alternative drug compounds for management andtreatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Although our approach is purely based on insilico method, clinical experiments are still needed to test and validate thehypotheses of our computational methods.
Prevalence of Cardiac Risk Factors Among ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients at Damascus Hospital
Authors: Kadoura Hadeel , Muhammed Jinan , Shamia Marwan
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) emergency care networks aim to reduce ischemic times. The influence of risk factors such as sex, age, social habits on prognosis is still being debated. Over half of (STEMI) cases occur in adults < 65 years old, with approximately 10% of all STEMIs affecting individuals < 45 years of age. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence of myocardial risk factors on STEMI patients at Damascus hospital.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted during the years 2020–2022. All patients with STEMI admitted to cardiovascular department of Damascus hospital were included. Chi-square analysis was used to compare Infarction type and age categories with sociodemographic factors and patients’ medical history variables. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were used to compare means of continuous variables (Age, smoking period).
Results
of 150 patients, 123 (82%) were males, and 27 (18%) were females. Most of patients aged between 51 and 60 years respectively. 105 (70%) of the patients were smokers, 37 (67.3%) had diabetes, and 47 (31.3%) had hypertension. Most of STEMI patients aged 41–50 years were significantly associated with male sex. The majority of patients aged 30–40 were significantly associated with smokers (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
These findings indicate a high burden of risk factors in younger adults with STEMI. Programs to target sociodemographic factors including smoking, obesity, and comorbid diseases, are necessary to more effectively address health disparities in STEMI and its adverse consequences.
The Value Paradigm of Philosophical Anthropology: Inclusion in a New Context
Authors: Misonzhnikov Boris Ya.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with some aspects of philosophical anthropology, which, as a doctrine, is built not only on axiological principles of identification but also is imbued with value construction. The problem of human nature, its existence in a spatial continuum determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the work is to summarize the existing experience accumulated by prominent philosophers in the field of philosophical anthropology, to analyze the use of axiology as a theory of values, which is used in the philosophical doctrine of man. To arrange and systematize existing material in order to form a unified concept of philosophical anthropology, the comparative genetic method was used, and some general scientific methods were also used. And for the solution of precisely philosophical problems ‒ methods of dialectical, axiomatic, empirical knowledge, represented, in particular, by description. The author analyzes the features of the development of axiology, in particular aspects of its typological modeling. The result of the study led to the conclusion that the data in the field of philosophical anthropology, despite its considerable volume, is not systematized and not summarized in a common large-scale scientific structure, although it cannot be said that the knowledge of philosophical anthropology exists only as a prolegomena to the present one science. At the same time, in a rapidly changing reality, consideration of the problems of human existence is of particular importance.
Pleasures and Hardships in Modern Life: A Subjective Dimension of Social Well-Being
Authors:   Institute of Social Sciences, Irkutsk State University, Karmadonov Oleg A.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the issues of studying the social well-being of the population in socio-humanitarian knowledge from antiquity to the present day. The social and cultural-historical conditionality of the social well-being of the population is revealed. Particular attention is paid to the study of the pleasure and hardships of modern life, the study of the subjective perception of positive or negative social well-being, the identification of variable factors that contribute to the strengthening or weakening of various indicators of social well-being. A practical part of the study presents the results of the author’s study of the pleasures and hardships of modern life, which contribute to the transformation of the characteristics of the social well-being of Russians. The study involved 1,170 people aged 18 to 65, 55 % women and 45 % men, living in different regions of the Russian Federation. The study was conducted in the form of an online survey. As a result, the author fixes the factors that are considered “normal” by Russians, identifies the forms of the most common “suffering” and strategies for obtaining “pleasure”. The main meanings of life are also indicated ‒ “for the sake of which it is worth enduring the hardships of life” and what are the possible prospects for personal and social (socially approved, generally accepted) happiness. Gender differences are indicated in the perception of the hardships and pleasures of life. The author proves that subjective experiences associated with the perception of personal and social well-being determine the general level of social security and personal life prospects regarding well-being and satisfaction, which determine various forms and strategies for the subjective measurement of social well-being. This becomes the basis not only of individual strategies for social realization, but also an indicator of the social dynamics of various communities, groups and entire strata of society, contributing to the processes of social consolidation or disintegration of social reproduction, social empathy and solidarity, the construction of new forms of personal and social identity and a sense of “we” in modern Russian society. The subjective measurement of social well-being becomes a cut of the emotional-cognitive perception of personal and social prospects of social development.
Application of Patient-Generated Health Data in Managing Chronic Conditions in Hospital Kuala Lumpur: A Qualitative Study
Authors:   School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland, Lee Ao Lik , Mohamed Nik Nur Eliza ,   Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Background: Patient-generated health data (PGHD) is health-related data captured and recorded by patients which informs healthcare practitioners (HCP) about the patients’ health status between clinic visits. PGHD could be attributed as part of digital health and technological advancement. Methods: This is an exploratory qualitative study to explore the current PGHD usage and the views and experience of HCP towards PGHD. Semi-structured in-depth online interviews based on the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) were conducted with seven Hospital Kuala Lumpur medical- and surgical-based HCP specialists between October 2019 and February 2020. Purposive sampling method was applied to ensure speciality diversity among study respondents. Thematic analysis was performed on the interview transcripts. Results: Four main themes were identified namely the PGHD usage among the study respondents, the benefits of PGHD, the challenges of PGHD usage and the effort needed to use the PGHD. The main finding of this study includes the exploration of the benefits of PGHD usage such as efficient data management in aiding clinical consultation. Nonetheless, the clinical decision making based on PGHD is limited due to poor adoption of PGHD and unavailability of electronic data. This could be due to the lack of awareness, ICT infrastructure, funding, poor health literacy and language and cultural problems. Conclusion: PGHD has huge potential to be adopted in the clinical setting and subsequently benefiting the patients. However, parallel supportive environment is essential in supporting the usage of PGHD in the clinical setting.
Knowledge and Practice of Parents Towards Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccination
Authors:   Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hussein Siti Zuhaida , Mardia Nuraina ,   Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Amirah Mastura ,   Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hashim Rosnita ,   Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abu Bakar Suraya Hanim ,   Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Background: Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination is the safest and most effective way of protecting children from three potentially fatal diseases and yet, high numbers of children remained unimmunised. Objective: The study aimed to determine the parents’ knowledge and practice regarding MMR vaccination and examine its associations. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the 202 parents in Selangor Malaysia using simple random sampling. The parents’ knowledge and practice regarding MMR vaccination were measured using the modified self-administered questionnaire developed by Awadh et al. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistic for Windows (version 23.0) and the significant level (P) was set at P < 0.05. Results: Overall, 53.5% of parents had low knowledge of MMR vaccination, 35.1% had moderate knowledge and 11.4% had high knowledge of MMR vaccination. Meanwhile, 54.5% had good practice of MMR vaccination and 45.4% reported they had not practised immunising their children with the MMR vaccine. The number of respondents who had a higher level of knowledge and good MMR vaccination practices was 20.0%. There is a significant association between parental knowledge of MMR vaccination and the practice of immunising their children with the MMR vaccine (P > 0.001). Besides, there was a significant association between the level of knowledge on MMR vaccination with parental education background (χ2 = 12.06; P = 0.002), number of children (P = 0.040) and a working family (P = 0.030). The Pearson’s chi-squared test showed a significant association between gender (P = 0.040), the number of children (P = 0.05) and level of practice of MMR vaccination. Conclusion: The majority of parents have low knowledge of MMR vaccination but they practice good MMR vaccination. It is necessary to consider parents’ level of knowledge when planning the health promotions regarding MMR vaccinations.
İLİŞKİLİ TARAF İŞLEMLERİNE YÖNELİK AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ “PAY SAHİPLERİNİN HAKLARI II DİREKTİFİ” HÜKÜMLERİ VE TÜRK SERMAYE PİYASASI MEVZUATININ DİREKTİF HÜKÜMLERİNE UYUM DURUMU
Authors: KÜÇÜKGÜNGÖR M. Aslı
Published: June 2022

Halka açık anonim şirketlerin ilişkili taraflarla gerçekleştirdiği işlemler, ilişkili tarafın şirkete ait bir değeri kendi malvarlığına aktarması sonucunu doğurabileceğinden, şirket ve pay sahiplerinin menfaatlerini zarara uğratabilmektedir. Bu nedenle yapısı gereği menfaat çatışması içeren ilişkili taraf işlemlerinin hukuki zeminde düzenlenmesi gerekliliği oluşmuştur. Şirket kontrolünü elinde tutmaya bağlı fırsatçılığı önlemek üzere, ilişkili taraf işlemlerinin yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak farklı birçok hukuki teknik geliştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda 2017 yılında AB tarafından 2007/36/EC Direktifi’nde[Pay Sahipleri Hakları Direktifi’nde (Shareholder Rights Directive/SRD)], değişiklik yapan (EU)2017/828 Direktifi [(Pay Sahipleri Hakları Direktifi II (Shareholder Rights Directive II/ SRD II)] yürürlüğe girmiştir. Anılan düzenlemede yer alan hususlardan biri olan m.9(c)’de ilişkili taraf işlemleriyle ilgili olarak kamuyu aydınlatmaya ve söz konusu işlemlerin onaylanmasına ilişkin olarak özel bir usul takip edilmesine dayanan bir sistem kabul edilmiştir. Türk hukukunda ilişkili taraf işlemlerinin yol açacağı menfaat çatışmalarına bağlı olarak halka açık ortaklığın malvarlığının azalmasına yol açabilecek işlemlerin önlenmesi amacıyla, anılan işlemler Sermaye Piyasası Kanunu (SPKn) ve ikincil düzenlemeler aracılığıyla özel bir düzenlemeye konu olmuş, bu tür işlemlerin gerçekleştirilmesi bazı özel kurallara bağlanmıştır. Bahsi geçen düzenleme, Türkiye’nin AB adaylık süreci kapsamında, müzakereye açık olan Şirketler Hukuku faslının konularından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ilişkili taraf işlemlerine ilişkin olarak AB’nin Pay Sahipleri Hakları Direktifi II ve Türk sermaye piyasası mevzuatında yer alan düzenlemeler karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiş, SPKn ile öngörülen sistemin Direktif hükümleriyle ne ölçüde uyumlu olduğu ve anılan sistemde Direktif’in ihtiyari bıraktığı konularda hangi yaklaşımların benimsendiği değerlendirilmiştir.
Markers of hemostasis activation and endothelial damage in patients with active cancer
Authors: Dobrovolsky A. B. , Fedotkina Yu. A. , Titaeva E. V. , Frolkova O. O. , Panchenko E. Р.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Increased expression of tissue factor by tumor cells, formation of procoagulant microparticles and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that activate leukocytes and endothelial cells are considered to be the main factors provoking blood coagulation activation in cancer patients.

The aim of the investigation was to study the peculiarities of hemostasis activation markers and endothelial damage in patients with active cancer.

Materials and methods. Patients with active cancer were included in the study. We determined the following biomarkers: fibrinogen (Fg), von Willebrand factor (vWF), D-dimer (D-d), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A).

Results. Twenty-two patients with active cancer were included in the study. The median follow-up of the patients was 180 days (minimum 90, maximum 240). The presence of metastatic lesion was found in 62% of patients. At the end of the follow-up period (after 6 months) remission of the underlying disease was observed in 45.5% of patients, and 54.5% of patients were found to have progressed oncoprocess. GDF-15 levels ranged from 1486 to 11,722 pg/ml and were above normal values in all patients. Significant variability was also revealed in the level of VEGF-A - from 1 to 2944 pkg/ml, and only in 7 (32%) patients its level corresponded to normal values (0-66 pkg/ml). High levels of Fg (>3.6 g/L), D-d (>500 ng/ml), and vWF (>160%) were detected in 19 (86%), 18 (82%), and 17 (77%) patients, respectively.

Conclusions. The pilot study demonstrates a pronounced activation of the blood coagulation system and endothelial damage in patients with active cancer receiving chemotherapy and having a high risk of venous thromboembolic complications. The detected relationship of markers characterizing blood coagulation activation (D-d) and endothelial damage (vWF) with the progression of oncoprocess necessitates their further study in this category of patients.
Current views on antiplatelet therapy in acute coronary syndrome patients: the place of clopidogrel
Authors: Shakhmatova O. O.
Published: June 2022

Clopidogrel is the most studied P2Y12 receptor blocker and still has no alternative in a number of categories of ACS patients in whom ticagrelor or prasugrel have not been studied or their use is associated with an unacceptably high risk of bleeding. The review is devoted to a detailed consideration of these clinical situations, both in the light of the evidence base for the benefits of clopidogrel andthe practical aspects of its use. Clopidogrel remains the drug of choice in ST-segment elevation ACS patients undergoing thrombolysis, pharmacoinvasive strategy is implemented, and reperfusion therapy is not used at all. In patients with ACS without ST-segment elevation, clopidogrel is preferable in high risk of bleeding. The article discusses in more detail some particular cases of high bleeding risk in ACS patients, in which it is advisable to use clopidogrel: concomitant use of oral anticoagulants, active cancer, chronic kidney disease stages IV-V. Relatively new data on the peculiarities of ACS antiplatelet therapy in the mongoloid race are discussed, which is relevantto the Russian Federation. In real clinical practice, clopidogrel is often used because of intolerance, contraindications or unavailability of more powerful P2Y12 receptor blockers. Affordability, good tolerability, greater safety (including in relation to the development of recurrent minor “annoying” bleedings), single dose clopidogrel and availability of fixed combinations with acetylsalicylic acid result in better adherence to treatment with this drug than with more powerful P2Y12 receptor blockers, which in real-world settings may provide a more optimal treatment outcome. The article discusses approaches to forced de-escalation of antiplatelet therapy – switching from a more potent P2Y12 receptor blocker to clopidogrel. Data is also presented on the study of routine de-escalation at the end of the acute ACS period, both empirical and controlled by functional or genetic tests characterizing the efficacy of clopidogrel. Although routine de-escalation is not currently recommended, randomized trials suggest that this treatment strategy is promising for preventing hemorrhagic complications and reducing the cost of managing patients with ACS.
Current approaches to the selection of acetylsalicylic acid dosage forms in cardiology
Authors: Gilyarevskiy S. R. , Golshmid M. V. , Bendeliani N. G. , Kuzmina I. M.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to modern approaches to the selection of optimal dosage forms of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), which ensure high bioavailability of ASA drugs. The relevance of improving the tactics of ASA use for both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases is discussed. Changes in the role of ASA in the prevention of cardiovascular disease complications are discussed, including as part of combined antithrombotic therapy, including ASA and either P2Y12 inhibitor or low-dose rivaroxaban. Evidence is presented that has led to doubts about the sufficient bioavailability of the enteric form of ASA, as well as the predictability of the response to therapy. A separate part of the article is devoted to the safety of different forms of ASA, in particular - the effect on the mucosa of the small intestine. The results of clinical studies evaluating the effect of ASA intake in enteric-soluble and buffered forms on the small intestinal mucosa and the risk of bleeding are presented. In addition, the problem of decreased effectiveness of ASA intake in overweight or obese individuals is considered. The article provides information on ongoing randomized trials to assess the effectiveness of increasing the frequency of ASA intake, as well as the effectiveness of chronopharmacological approaches to optimize the use of ASA. The analysis performed leads it to conclude that the buffer form can now be considered the preferred acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) dosage form, which, on the one hand, exerts a less pronounced effect on the gastric and small intestinal mucosa, and on the other hand, ensures high bioavailability, as well as minimal variability of treatment response.
Choice of anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation that occurred in the conditions of COVID-19 (clinical case)
Authors: Panchenko E. P.
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 epidemic is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of rhythm disturbances and, in particular, atrial fibrillation. This article is a clinical analysis of a patient whose atrial fibrillation (fluttering) occurred due to an infection. Using the example of patient management, the issues of anticoagulant support for catheter ablation are considered, the algorithm of perioperative management of patients constantly receiving direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), adopted in the National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology, is given. The reasons for omitting dabigatran before surgery in a patient are discussed, taking into account the dose of injected unfractionated heparin during catheter ablation. The analysis examines the role of COVID-19 in the origin of atrial fibrillation, provides medical literature data on the incidence of atrial fibrillation during the pandemic. It is indicated that the pandemic is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of atrial fibrillation and an increase in the frequency of stroke and death associated with this rhythm disorder. The question of the optimal choice of anticoagulant in a patient with atrial fibrillation that occurred during COVID-19, taking into account the pharmacological properties of DOAC, is considered. It seems that dabigatran has a minimal risk of drug interactions with drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, which are metabolized by cytochrome P-450 and are substrates for P-glycoprotein. In addition, dabigatran has minimal hepatotoxicity among DOAC registered in the Russian Federation. Much attention in case report is paid to the need for the appointment of DOAC after the procedure of catheter ablation in case of restoration of the sinus rhythm. It is emphasized that modern guidelines for managing the risk of stroke during catheter ablation emphasize the need to take anticoagulants for two months. The need for prolonged use of anticoagulants in case of preservation of the sinus rhythm is determined only by the risk of stroke/thromboembolism that the patient has.
Validación de un instrumento para medir las competencias digitales docentes en entornos no presenciales emergentes
Authors: George-Reyes Carlos Enrique , Valerio-Ureña Gabriel
Published: June 2022

El COVID-19 generó una transición de los escenarios educativos presenciales a los no presenciales. Para adaptarse, los docentes requirieron de competencias digitales (CDD). Sin embargo, esta transición trajo consigo incertidumbre sobre el grado de desarrollo que los profesores tendrían de estas competencias. En esta investigación, más que tomar un marco de referencia que permitiera identificar la CDD que en condiciones de pre-pandemia requería un profesor, se trabajó en el diseño y validación de un instrumento para evaluar el nivel de la CDD desplegada por los profesores durante la pandemia. Para hacer la validación se utilizó una variación del Método Delphi que fue llamando método Delphi Digital Simplificado (MDDS), en el que participaron un grupo de 27 expertos en un contexto virtual. Los resultados muestran que el instrumento cuenta con niveles altos de validez ya que cada ítem y categoría superó un coeficiente V-Aiken de 0.8, y un valor de intervalo de confianza (ICI) de 0.6, por lo que puede ser aplicado para el propósito para el que fue diseñado.
Los elementos didácticos del aprendizaje móvil: condiciones en que el uso de la tecnología puede apoyar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje
Authors: Balanyà Rebollo Judith , De Oliveira Janaina Minelli
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las condiciones en que el uso de la tecnología puede apoyar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje para brindar a los docentes acciones específicas a considera. Por lo tanto, nos planteamos dos preguntas de investigación que se responden en este artículo: 1. ¿Cuál es el marco teórico apropiado para las actividades de diseño del aprendizaje móvil?, y 2. ¿Cómo se pueden agrupar los factores cruciales que afectan el aprendizaje móvil en una taxonomía comunitaria? Se recurre a la metodología “Investigación basada en el diseño” (Pool & Laubscher, 2016) que nos ha permitido secuenciar el proceso por fases: este artículo presenta la primera fase del proceso de validación de los elementos didácticos del aprendizaje móvil seleccionados de la revisión de la literatura, revisión sistemática y basada en evaluación de juicio de expertos. Los principales resultados determinaron los elementos pedagógicos que apoyan el proceso de diseño, implementación y evaluación del aprendizaje con dispositivos móviles en educación: 1. El contenido, 2. Las estrategias metodológicas, 3. Las actividades, 4. La evaluación, 5. Los recursos tecnológicos del aprendizaje, 6. Los recursos móviles y 7. El docente.
Enseñanza flexible y aprendizaje de la matemática en educación secundaria rural
Authors: Vilchez Guizado Jesús , Ramón Ortiz Julia Ángela
Published: June 2022

La pandemia de covid-19 obligó la implementación de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje, como la enseñanza flexible  y el uso generalizado de la tecnología digital. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las implicaciones de la enseñanza flexible de la matemática en el logro del aprendizaje de los estudiantes del quinto grado de educación secundaria, en el contexto de los colegios rurales de la provincia de Huánuco 2021. El estudio se enmarca dentro de un enfoque mixto, a través de un diseño no experimental, con monitoreo personalizado de las actividades de enseñanza-aprendizaje que fueron validadas mediante un cuestionario de preguntas y evaluación aplicado a 36 estudiantes, entrevista a 5 estudiantes y 2 profesores. Los resultados muestran que el 72% de los estudiantes se muestran conformes con la enseñanza flexible recibida, y más del 67% tuvieron logro esperado y destacado en el aprendizaje de los contenidos matemáticos impartidos de manera personalizada, resultado que es corroborada con las respuestas obtenidas en la entrevista. Se concluye que, la enseñanza flexible se relaciona directamente e influye de manera positiva en el proceso de aprendizaje de la matemática de los estudiantes del quinto grado de secundaria del ámbito rural.
Aula invertida gamificada como estrategia pedagógica en la educación superior: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Carpena Arias Jesús , Esteve Mon Francesc
Published: June 2022

La estrategia metodológica aula invertida gamificada es un enfoque pedagógico que actualmente está ganando terreno en la educación superior. Dicha estrategia está compuesta por el aula invertida y la gamificación. Ambas experiencias metodológicas permiten una mayor participación del alumnado en la dinámica de la clase. La presente revisión sistemática presenta de manera exploratoria el uso del flipped learning (FL) junto a la gamificación en la etapa universitaria. Para ello se han revisado un total de 58 artículos, aportaciones indexadas en Scopus, ERIC y WoS hasta el 2021.

Los resultados demuestran que las publicaciones se centran en su mayoría en conocer el aspecto motivacional y la participación tras implementar la estrategia pedagógica aula invertida gamificada en la etapa universitaria. Podemos deducir pues, la importancia de combinar el aula invertida con la gamificación ya que tienen aspectos positivos relacionados con la motivación, el rendimiento académico y la autonomía.
Will mesoeconomics become a new direction in economic theory?
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Taranukha Yury
Published: June 2022

The article provides an overview of the mesoeconomic method of analysis of modern economy and assesses its scientific potential. Given the specifics of the mesoeconomic approach development, the author examines foreign and domestic ideas around it. Foreign literature uses three approaches to the problem, from the point of view of regional economy, institutional theory, and methodological approach. The article shows that Russian scientists, building on foreign authors’ ideas, have expanded the field of scientific mesoeconomics research, developing several directions separating from each other. Examining the reasons for interest in mesoeconomics and paying tribute to the achievements of Russian science in addressing the problem under consideration, the author explores whether mesoeconomics become a new direction of economic analysis in its current state. The article demonstrates that inclusion of different economic entities in mesoeconomics results in meso-space boundaries blurring and makes the object and subject of mesoeconomic research amorphous. While recognizing evolutionary approach as possible solution to the mesoeconomics’ problems, the author highlights its limitations. Given the need to expand the new phenomena analysis tools, the article concludes that mesoeconomics has significant scientific potential. It needs to determine the nature of entities forming the meso-space, as well as establish the reasons behind their emergence. The author sees the reason in the contradiction generated by modern hyper-competition: the need for continuous innovative leadership contradicts the inability to provide it alone; this is resolved through the emergence of a fundamentally new form of production —inter-production cooperation of specialized legally and economically independent firms.
Assessing the factors of the overeducation in the rural labor market
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kapelyuk Sergey ,   Novosibirsk State University,   Siberian State University of Water Transport, Lishchuk Elena ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Siberian State University of Water Transport
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the determinants of the overeducation in the Russian rural labor market compared to the urban labor market. As a database the article uses the 2018 Federal State Statistics Service Labor Force Survey microdata. The hypothesis of the research is that the main determinants in the rural labor market are employment in personal subsidiary plots, marital status, housekeeping and childcare. The authors perform analysis by each level of vocational education: higher and secondary vocational (separately for medium-level specialists and skilled workers). The determinants of overeducation are investigated using a binary regression model. The authors reveal that a higher level of overeducation is associated with employment in personal subsidiary plots for the purpose of selling products. Other significant determinants of overeducation in the rural labor market include gender; marital status; age; the number of household members; education field. Higher risks of overeducation are observed for persons with foreign citizenship; single men; as well as those living in larger households. The authors reveal significant differences in the determinants of overeducation among specialists and skilled workers. At the same time, no significant differences are found in the determinants of overeducation among high- and middle-level specialists. The results contribute to the investigation of the problems of imbalance in the labor market in Russia.