bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D Stochastic Microsensors for Simultaneous Assay of p53, HER-3, and HER-4 - a Key Factor in the Early Detection of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Cioates Negut Catalina , Stefan‑Van Staden Raluca‑Ioana , Ilie-Mihai Ruxandra-Maria , Coroş Maria
Published: December 2023

The present study reports on the characterization and validation of a 3D stochastic microsensor that utilizes nitrogen, and boron co-doped graphene for the simultaneous determination of p53, HER-3, and HER-4 in biological samples. The synthesis and morphological characterization of nitrogen, and boron co-doped graphene powder was conducted through the utilization of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction techniques. The utilization of the 3D stochastic microsensor based on nitrogen, and boron co-doped graphene for the assay of p53 demonstrated an increased sensitivity and an extended linear concentration range. The limits of quantification for all biomarkers tested were observed to be at the magnitude order of attogram ml−1. The outcomes derived from the application of the suggested stochastic microsensor demonstrated a significant association with biological samples, indicating the prospective dependability of this for screening examinations employed in the molecular identification and quantification of p53, HER-3, and HER-4 in samples of whole blood, gastric tissue tumors, saliva, and urine. The signatures of other biomarkers or substances found in biological samples were found to be higher than those of p53, HER-3, and HER-4, suggesting that the latter do not impede the measurements. The biomarkers demonstrate accurate identification in biological samples, achieving recoveries greater than 98.00% and RSD% values less than 0.05.
Phase Formation Mechanism and Piezoelectric Behaviour of NaNbO3 Ceramic
Authors: Bagchi Saswati , Kushvaha D. K. , Rout S. K.
Published: December 2023

The solid state reaction route is adopted to synthesize NaNbO3 with the aim to examine their structural, morphological and electrical behaviour of material with sintering time. The crystal phase is formed without any secondary phase at calcination temperature 800 °C. The article shows the scope of material to be used as a sensor in piezoelectric applications. The synthesized material has been avoided to heat for longer time and has been sintered at 2 h, 4 h and 6 h. The refinement of experimental X-ray diffraction pattern displays crystallization of material in Orthorhombic phase with space group Pbcm and lattice parameters a = 5.513752 Å, b = 5.568852 Å, c = 15.52854 Å, α = β = γ = 90°. A gaussian distribution of grain size with statistical average 0.722 μm, 0.841 μm and 0.842 μm has been observed for NN02, NN04 and NN06 respectively. The NN04 shows maximum piezoelectric coefficient d33* = 110 pm V−1, piezoelectric strain 0.0021% and smallest as asymmetric factor Ys = 0.204 with respect to other investigated samples.
Optimization of Sidewall Spacer Engineering at Sub-5 nm Technology Node For JL-Nanowire FET: Digital/Analog/RF/Circuit Perspective
Authors: Anguru Chandana , Aryasomayajula Vamsi Krishna , Kotha Venkata Ramakrishna , Valasa Sresta , Bhukya Sunitha , Vadthiya Narendar , Bheemudu V. , Kallepelli Sagar , Maheshwaram Satish , Mudidhe Praveen Kumar
Published: December 2023

This manuscript presents a performance analysis of 3-stack JL-NWFETs with different spacer materials and spacer lengths. The DC and analog/RF performance is analysed at the device level, and circuit level. In single-k spacer analysis, TiO2 exhibits lowest IOFF of ∼89.28%, and largest ION/IOFF ratio with better subthreshold performance of ∼42.51% as compared to Air spacer at Lext = 7 nm. In addition, TiO2 spacer is suitable for analog applications while Air spacer for RF applications. The dual-k spacer analysis is also performed and the TiO2+Air spacer showed prodigious DC/Analog/RF performances dominating all other combinations. Further investigations into inner high-k spacer analysis (Lsp,hk) revealed that higher Lsp,hk is suitable for DC and Analog applications whereas lower Lsp,hk for RF applications. The CS amplifier designed for configurations of Lsp,hk showed better gain for higher Lsp,hk with the amplification gain of ∼4.8 V/V. Overall, this analysis serves as a beacon, guiding the future of JL-NWFET design for spellbinding nano-electronic devices at sub-5nm technology node.
Synergistic Effect of Composite Complex Agent on BTA Removal in Post-Cu-CMP: Experimental and Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Du Haoyu , Wang Fangyuan , Wang Xiaolong , Tan Baimei , Shi Yunhui , Liu Renhao , Han Xinyu
Published: December 2023

Nowadays the development of nanoscale-interconnected integrated circuit chips makes the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and post-CMP cleaning more challenging. In general, organic residues such as benzotriazole (BTA) can adsorb on the wafer surface after CMP process and form thin films to prevent the contact between cleaning solution and the wafer surface, which thus can seriously affect the post-CMP cleaning process. And the efficient removal of BTA remains problematic due to the potential introduction of additional impurities. Therefore, a new alkaline cleaning solution based on citric acid (CA) was proposed to improve the removal efficiency of BTA. Results exhibit that the cleaning efficiency of BTA residues can reach 98.86% with 400 ppm tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (TEAH) and 0.6 wt% CA (pH = 10.5). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements show that the cleaning solution can coordinate with copper ions to break the ionization balance of Cu-BTA. In addition, the electronic properties and reaction sites on copper surface were determined by quantum chemical calculation and density functional theory (DFT). The theoretical analysis indicates that CA has hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups, and its presence with TEAH can promote the complexation of Cu ions, which accelerates the breakage of Cu-BTA and the desorption of BTA from the copper surface.
Perspective—Assessing Electrochemical, Aptamer-Based Sensors for Dynamic Monitoring of Cellular Signaling
Authors: Rousseau Celeste R. , Kumakli Hope , White Ryan J.
Published: December 2023

Electrochemical, aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors provide a generalizable strategy to quantitatively detect a variety of targets including small molecules and proteins. The key signaling attributes of E-AB sensors (sensitivity, selectivity, specificity, and reagentless and dynamic sensing ability) make them well suited to monitor dynamic processes in complex environments. A key bioanalytical challenge that could benefit from the detection capabilities of E-AB sensors is that of cell signaling, which involves the release of molecular messengers into the extracellular space. Here, we provide a perspective on why E-AB sensors are suited for this measurement, sensor requirements, and pioneering examples of cellular signaling measurements.
Aging-induced mitochondrial dysfunction: two distinct populations of mitochondria versus a combined population
Authors: Chen Qun , Thompson Jeremy , Hu Ying , Lesnefsky Edward J.
Published: December 2023

We developed two methods to isolate mitochondria from a single mouse heart. We compared mitochondrial function in young and aged mice using mitochondria isolated with different methods. Both methods can be successfully used to isolate cardiac mitochondria from single mouse hearts. Our results provide the flexibility to isolate mitochondria from a single mouse heart based on the purpose of the study.
Empagliflozin treatment rescues abnormally reduced Na+ currents in ventricular cardiomyocytes from dystrophin-deficient mdx mice
Authors: Sauer Jakob , Marksteiner Jessica , Lilliu Elena , Hackl Benjamin , Todt Hannes , Kubista Helmut , Dostal Christopher , Podesser Bruno K. , Kiss Attila , Koenig Xaver , Hilber Karlheinz
Published: December 2023

Dystrophin deficiency in cardiomyocytes leads to abnormally reduced Na+ currents. These can be rescued by long-term empagliflozin treatment.
Biomarkers in Endurance Exercise: Individualized Regulation and Predictive Value
Authors: Hacker Sebastian , Keck Johannes , Reichel Thomas , Eder Klaus , Ringseis Robert , Krüger Karsten , Krüger Britta
Published: December 2023

The high interindividual variability of exercise response complicates the efficient use of blood-based biomarkers in sports. To address this problem, a useful algorithm to characterize the individual regulation and predictive value of different candidate markers will be developed. Forty-nine participants completed two identical exercise trials. Blood samples were collected before, immediately after, 3 hours after, and 24 hours after completion of exercise. Plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL-) 1RA, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, creatine kinase (CK), cortisol, c-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured. Individualized regulation was analyzed using k-means clustering and a Group Assignment Quality (GAQ) score. Regression trees with a bootstrapped-aggregated approach were used to assess the predictive qualities of the markers. For most of the markers studied, a distinction can be made between individuals who show a stronger or weaker response to a particular endurance training program. The regulation of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and CK exhibited a high degree of stability within the individuals. Regarding the predictive power of the markers, for all dependent variables, the most accurate predictions were obtained for cortisol and IL-8 based on the baseline value. For CK, a good prediction of recovery of maximal strength and subjective feeling of exhaustion can be made. For IL-1RA and TBARS, especially their reregulation can be predicted if the baseline level is known. Focusing individual variations in biomarker responses, our results suggest the combined use of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and CK for the personalized management of stress and recovery cycles following endurance exercise.
Evaluation of Flavor Type of Tobacco Blending Module: A Prediction Model Based on Near-Infrared Spectrum
Authors: Wang Lin , Guan Yuhan , Zhang Yaohua
Published: December 2023

Near-infrared spectrum technology is extensively employed in assessing the quality of tobacco blending modules, which serve as the fundamental units of cigarette production. This technology provides valuable technical support for the scientific evaluation of these modules. In this study, we selected near-infrared spectral data from 238 tobacco blending module samples collected between 2017 and 2019. Combining the power of XGBoost and deep learning, we constructed a flavor prediction model based on feature variables. The XGBoost model was utilized to extract essential information from the high-dimensional near-infrared spectra, while a convolutional neural network with an attention mechanism was employed to predict the flavor type of the modules. The experimental results demonstrate that our model exhibits excellent learning and prediction capabilities, achieving an impressive 95.54% accuracy in flavor category recognition. Therefore, the proposed method of predicting flavor types based on near-infrared spectral features plays a valuable role in facilitating rapid positioning, scientific evaluation, and cigarette formulation design for tobacco blending modules, thereby assisting decision-making processes in the tobacco industry.
Supplementary Figure 5 from RETRACTED: Physical and Functional Interaction of DNA Methyltransferase 3A with Mbd3 and Brg1 in Mouse Lymphosarcoma Cells
Authors: Datta Jhrana , Majumder Sarmila , Bai Shoumei , Ghoshal Kalpana , Kutay Huban , Smith David Spencer , Crabb John W. , Jacob Samson T.
Published: December 2023

Supplementary Figure 5 from RETRACTED: Physical and Functional Interaction of DNA Methyltransferase 3A with Mbd3 and Brg1 in Mouse Lymphosarcoma Cells
Supplementary Figures 1-4 from RETRACTED: Methylation Mediated Silencing of MicroRNA-1 Gene and Its Role in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis
Authors: Datta Jharna , Kutay Huban , Nasser Mohd W. , Nuovo Gerard J. , Wang Bo , Majumder Sarmila , Liu Chang-Gong , Volinia Stefano , Croce Carlo M. , Schmittgen Thomas D. , Ghoshal Kalpana , Jacob Samson T.
Published: December 2023

Supplementary Figures 1-4 from RETRACTED: Methylation Mediated Silencing of MicroRNA-1 Gene and Its Role in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis
Supplementary Figure 7 from Prostate Cancer Progression Relies on the Mitotic Kinase Citron Kinase
Authors: Rawat Chitra , Ben-Salem Salma , Singh Nidhi , Chauhan Gaurav , Rabljenovic Anja , Vaghela Vishwa , Venkadakrishnan Varadha Balaji , Macdonald Jonathan D. , Dahiya Ujjwal R. , Ghanem Yara , Bachour Salam , Su Yixue , DePriest Adam D. , Lee Sanghee , Muldong Michelle , Kim Hyun-Tae , Kumari Sangeeta , Valenzuela Malyn May , Zhang Dingxiao , Hu Qiang , Cortes Gomez Eduardo , Dehm Scott M. , Zoubeidi Amina , Jamieson Christina A.M. , Nicolas Marlo , McKenney Jesse , Willard Belinda , Klein Eric A. , Magi-Galluzzi Cristina , Stauffer Shaun R. , Liu Song , Heemers Hannelore V.
Published: December 2023

Supplementary Figure 7
Supplementary Figure S12 from Genomic Tumor Correlates of Clinical Outcomes Following Organ-Sparing Chemoradiation Therapy for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Kamran Sophia C. , Zhou Yuzhen , Otani Keisuke , Drumm Michael , Otani Yukako , Wu Shulin , Wu Chin-Lee , Feldman Adam S. , Wszolek Matthew , Lee Richard J. , Saylor Philip J. , Lennerz Jochen , Van Allen Eliezer , Willers Henning , Hong Theodore S. , Liu Yang , Davicioni Elai , Gibb Ewan A. , Shipley William U. , Mouw Kent W. , Efstathiou Jason A. , Miyamoto David T.
Published: December 2023

DDR Mutations and association with re-modified BI-EFS.
Supplementary Table S10 from SNP of Aromatase Predict Long-term Survival and Aromatase Inhibitor Toxicity in Patients with Early Breast Cancer: A Biomarker Analysis of the GIM4 and GIM5 Trials
Authors: Conte Benedetta , Boni Luca , Bisagni Giancarlo , Durando Antonio , Sanna Giovanni , Gori Stefania , Garrone Ornella , Tamberi Stefano , De Placido Sabino , Schettini Francesco , Pazzola Antonio , Ponzone Riccardo , Montemurro Filippo , Lunardi Gianluigi , Notaro Rosario , De Angioletti Maria , Turletti Anna , Mansutti Mauro , Puglisi Fabio , Frassoldati Antonio , Porpiglia Mauro , Fabi Alessandra , Generali Daniele , Scognamiglio Giovanni , Rossi Maura , Brasó-Maristany Fara , Prat Aleix , Cardinali Barbara , Piccioli Patrizia , Serra Martina , Lastraioli Sonia , Bighin Claudia , Poggio Francesca , Lambertini Matteo , Del Mastro Lucia
Published: December 2023

Baseline patients’ characteristics across SNPs-based prognostic groups
Supplementary Figure S4 from Hyper-Dependence on NHEJ Enables Synergy between DNA-PK Inhibitors and Low-Dose Doxorubicin in Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Marino-Enriquez Adrian , Novotny Jan Philipp , Gulhan Doga C. , Klooster Isabella , Tran Antuan V. , Kasbo Macy , Lundberg Meijun Z. , Ou Wen-Bin , Tao Derrick L. , Pilco-Janeta Daniel F. , Mao Victor Y. , Zenke Frank T. , Leeper Brittaney A. , Gokhale Prafulla C. , Cowley Glenn S. , Baker Laurence H. , Ballman Karla V. , Root David E. , Albers Joachim , Park Peter J. , George Suzanne , Fletcher Jonathan A.
Published: December 2023

Supplementary Figure S4:
PRKDC and RPA2 are essential for LMS cells, as demonstrated by cell morphology after shRNAmediated knockdown under puromycin selection at day 7 in LMS04 and LMS05 cells (quantification is provided in Figure 2C).
Supplementary Table S3 from CD24hiCD27+ Bregs within Metastatic Lymph Nodes Promote Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Huang Huanhuan , Yao Yao , Shen Lesang , Jiang Jingxin , Zhang Ting , Xiong Jia , Li Jiaxin , Sun Shanshan , Zheng Siwei , Jia Fang , Zhou Jun , Yu Xiuyan , Chen Wuzhen , Shen Jun , Xia Wenjie , Shao Xuan , Wang Qingqing , Huang Jian , Ni Chao
Published: December 2023

Table. S3. List of primers used in this study.
Supplementary Figure S9 from CD24hiCD27+ Bregs within Metastatic Lymph Nodes Promote Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Huang Huanhuan , Yao Yao , Shen Lesang , Jiang Jingxin , Zhang Ting , Xiong Jia , Li Jiaxin , Sun Shanshan , Zheng Siwei , Jia Fang , Zhou Jun , Yu Xiuyan , Chen Wuzhen , Shen Jun , Xia Wenjie , Shao Xuan , Wang Qingqing , Huang Jian , Ni Chao
Published: December 2023

Fig. S9. CD24hiCD27+ Bregs are the main cellular sources of IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-α among CD45+ immune cells within the mLNs.
Data from A Pilot Study Omitting Radiation in the Treatment of Children with Newly Diagnosed Wnt-Activated Medulloblastoma
Authors: Cohen Kenneth J. , Munjapara Vasu , Aguilera Dolly , Castellino Robert C. , Stapleton Stacie L. , Landi Daniel , Ashley David M. , Rodriguez Fausto J. , Hawkins Cynthia , Yang Edward , London Wendy , Chi Susan , Bandopadhayay Pratiti
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Treatment of wingless (WNT)-activated medulloblastoma (WNT+MB) with surgery, irradiation (XRT), and chemotherapy results in excellent outcomes. We studied the efficacy of therapy de-intensification by omitting XRT entirely in children with WNT+MB.
Patients and Methods:
Tumors were molecularly screened to confirm the diagnosis of WNT+MB. Eligible children were treated within 31 days following surgery with nine cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy per ACNS0331. No XRT was planned. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of relapse, progression, or death in the absence of XRT within the first two years after study enrollment. Four events in the first 10 evaluable patients would result in early study closure.
Results:
Fourteen children were prescreened, and nine met the protocol definition of WNT+MB. Six of the nine eligible patients consented to protocol therapy, and five completed planned protocol therapy. The first two children enrolled relapsed shortly after therapy completion with local and leptomeningeal recurrences. The study was closed early due to safety concerns. Both children are surviving after XRT and additional chemotherapy. A third child relapsed at completion of therapy but died of progressive disease 35 months from diagnosis. Two children finished treatment but immediately received post-treatment XRT to guard against early relapse. The final child's treatment was aborted in favor of a high-dose therapy/stem cell rescue approach. Although OS at 5 years is 83%, no child received only planned protocol therapy, with all receiving eventual XRT and/or alternative therapy.
Conclusions:
Radiotherapy is required to effectively treat children with WNT-altered medulloblastoma.

See related commentary by Gottardo and Gajjar, p. 4996
Validation of the Demand Control Support Questionnaire for European Portuguese
Authors: Kraus Teresa , Dixe Maria dos Anjos , Pais Ricardo , Theorell Töres , Gaspar Pedro , Lopes Maria da Saudade
Published: December 2023

Background: The Demand Control Support model is useful for studying work-related stress. The combination of high demand and a low level of control generates “job strain” (“job iso-strain” if poor support is added), with implications for the worker’s health and well-being. The aims of this study were to adapt, examine the factor structure of, and determine the reliability of, the Demand Control Support Questionnaire (DCSQ) short version for European Portuguese (DCSQ-PT). Methods: The scale was translated into Portuguese following a rigorous process and then applied to 501 workers from various professional sectors. An online survey was used to collect sociodemographic, professional, and Demand Control Support data. Validation was based on reliability and validity tests. Results: The mean age of the sample was 41.8 ± 10.3 years, and 50.1% of the participants were female. The results reveal good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.807) and validity. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that a four-factor solution of the DCSQ-PT scale had a good fit to the data, as was the case for the original scale. The DCSQ-PT© with 16 items is composed of the following factors: social support at work; psychological demands; skill discretion; and decision authority. Conclusions: This validation allows an instrument to be obtained with 16 items for studying work-related stress in Portuguese workers.
The Effect of Exercise on Cardiotoxicity in Women with Breast Cancer Receiving Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chiang Cho-Han , Chang Yu-Cheng , Haw Yulin , Tan Jia Yi , Chiang Cho-Hsien , Hsia Yuan Ping , Chiang Cho-Hung
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women with a 5-year survival over 90%. However, anthracycline-based chemotherapy causes significant cardiotoxicity often requiring discontinuation of chemotherapeutic regimen among breast cancer survivors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of exercise training in mitigating anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity among women with breast cancer. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The outcomes of interest were left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS), early to atrial filling velocity (E/A) ratio, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), and cardiac output (CO). We used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. Results: We identified a total of 596 articles with 5 trials included in the final analysis. Exercise training was associated with an increase in VO2 max compared with no exercise training (mean difference, 3.95 [95% CI, 0.63–7.26]; I2 = 99.68%). Other cardiovascular outcomes such as LVEF (mean difference, 1.76 [95% CI, −1.95 to 5.46]; I2 = 99.44%), GLS (mean difference, 0.30 [95% CI, −0.49 to 1.10]; I2 = 96.63%), E/A ratio (mean difference, 0.05 [95% CI, −0.05 to 0.15]; I2 = 94.16%), and CO (mean difference, 0.38 [95% CI, −0.91 to 1.66]; I2 = 99.73%) are similar between patients who underwent exercise training and those who did not. Conclusions: Exercise was associated with an improvement in maximal oxygen uptake among women with breast cancer receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
Tragédia na escola: quadrinhos, percepção e representação
Authors: Borges Maria Isabel
Published: December 2023

Pretende-se mostrar a percepção dos cartunistas Alisson Affonso, Genildo e Daniel Lafayette sobre duas tragédias ocorridas em 2023, em ambiente escolar, relacionando linguagem, representação e performatividade. Em 27 de março, a professora Beth foi morta por um adolescente (13 anos), em São Paulo. Em 5 de abril, um homem matou quatro crianças em uma creche, em Blumenau, Santa Catarina. A análise de seis textos em quadrinhos, publicados no Instagram, baseia-se na compreensão da linguagem quadrinística (Acevedo, 1990; Cagnin, 2014; Eisner, 2010; Ramos, 2010). Também são estabelecidas relações entre percepção de mundo, representação e performatividade (Austin, 1990; Borges, 2004; Marcondes Filho, 2006; Rajagopalan, 2003). Os quadrinistas compartilham a linguagem, mas não percebem e representam as duas tragédias igualmente. Realizam escolhas, assumem responsabilidades quando os textos se tornam públicos. Atuam como “porta-vozes” das vítimas (Alisson e Genildo), críticos da sociedade e do bolsonarismo (Lafayette, Genildo e Motta).
A genebic revision of the teibe methiini in the western hemispheee
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R. , Chemsak J. A. , Linsley E. G.
Published: December 2023

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Clinical Management of Brugada Syndrome: Commentary From the Experts
Authors: Cutler Michael J. , Eckhardt Lee L. , Kaufman Elizabeth S. , Arbelo Elena , Behr Elijah R. , Brugada Pedro , Cerrone Marina , Crotti Lia , deAsmundis Carlo , Gollob Michael H. , Horie Minoru , Huang David T. , Krahn Andrew D. , London Barry , Lubitz Steven A. , Mackall Judith A. , Nademanee Koonlawee , Perez Marco V. , Probst Vincent , Roden Dan M. , Sacher Frederic , Sarquella-Brugada Georgia , Scheinman Melvin M. , Shimizu Wataru , Shoemaker Benjamin , Sy Raymond W. , Watanabe Atsuyuki , Wilde Arthur A.M.
Published: December 2023

Although there is consensus on the management of patients with Brugada Syndrome with high risk for sudden cardiac arrest, asymptomatic or intermediate-risk patients present clinical management challenges. This document explores the management opinions of experts throughout the world for patients with Brugada Syndrome who do not fit guideline recommendations. Four real-world clinical scenarios were presented with commentary from small expert groups for each case. All authors voted on case-specific questions to evaluate the level of consensus among the entire group in nuanced diagnostic and management decisions relevant to each case. Points of agreement, points of controversy, and gaps in knowledge are highlighted.
HEG1 Protects Against Atherosclerosis by Regulating Stable Flow-Induced KLF2/4 Expression in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Tamargo Ian A. , Baek Kyung In , Xu Chenbo , Kang Dong Won , Kim Yerin , Andueza Aitor , Williams Darian , Demos Catherine , Villa-Roel Nicolas , Kumar Sandeep , Park Christian , Choi Rachel , Johnson Janie , Chang Seowon , Kim Paul , Tan Sheryl , Jeong Kiyoung , Tsuji Shoutaro , Jo Hanjoong
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Atherosclerosis preferentially occurs in arterial regions of disturbed blood flow, and stable flow (s-flow) protects against atherosclerosis by incompletely understood mechanisms.

METHODS:

Our single-cell RNA-sequencing data using the mouse partial carotid ligation model was reanalyzed, which identified Heart-of-glass 1 (HEG1) as an s-flow–induced gene. HEG1 expression was studied by immunostaining, quantitive polymerase chain reaction, hybridization chain reaction, and Western blot in mouse arteries, human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), and human coronary arteries. A small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of HEG1 was used to study its function and signaling mechanisms in HAECs under various flow conditions using a cone-and-plate shear device. We generated endothelial-targeted, tamoxifen-inducible HEG1 knockout (HEG1
iECKO
) mice. To determine the role of HEG1 in atherosclerosis, HEG1
iECKO
and littermate-control mice were injected with an adeno-associated virus–PCSK9 [proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9] and fed a Western diet to induce hypercholesterolemia either for 2 weeks with partial carotid ligation or 2 months without the surgery.

RESULTS:

S-flow induced HEG1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in vivo and in vitro. S-flow stimulated HEG1 protein translocation to the downstream side of HAECs and release into the media, followed by increased messenger RNA and protein expression. HEG1 knockdown prevented s-flow–induced endothelial responses, including monocyte adhesion, permeability, and migration. Mechanistically, HEG1 knockdown prevented s-flow–induced KLF2/4 (Kruppel-like factor 2/4) expression by regulating its intracellular binding partner KRIT1 (Krev interaction trapped protein 1) and the MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5-MEF2 pathway in HAECs. Compared with littermate controls, HEG1
iECKO
mice exposed to hypercholesterolemia for 2 weeks and partial carotid ligation developed advanced atherosclerotic plaques, featuring increased necrotic core area, thin-capped fibroatheroma, inflammation, and intraplaque hemorrhage. In a conventional Western diet model for 2 months, HEG1
iECKO
mice also showed an exacerbated atherosclerosis development in the arterial tree in both sexes and the aortic sinus in males but not in females. Moreover, endothelial HEG1 expression was reduced in human coronary arteries with advanced atherosclerotic plaques.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings indicate that HEG1 is a novel mediator of atheroprotective endothelial responses to flow and a potential therapeutic target.
Making Sense of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Stroke
Authors: Malakouti Niloufar , Serruya Mijail D. , Cramer Steven C. , Kimberley Teresa J. , Rosenwasser Robert H.
Published: December 2023

Implantable vagus nerve stimulation, paired with high-dose occupational therapy, has been shown to be effective in improving upper limb function among patients with stroke and received regulatory approval from the US Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Combining nonsurgical and surgical approaches of vagus nerve stimulation in recent meta-analyses has resulted in misleading reports on the efficacy of each type of stimulation among patients with stroke. This article aims to clarify the confusion surrounding implantable vagus nerve stimulation as a poststroke treatment option, highlighting the importance of distinguishing between transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and implantable vagus nerve stimulation. Recent meta-analyses on vagus nerve stimulation have inappropriately combined studies of fundamentally different interventions, outcome measures, and participant selection, which do not conform to methodological best practices and, hence, cannot be used to deduce the relative efficacy of the different types of vagus nerve stimulation for stroke rehabilitation. Health care providers, patients, and insurers should rely on appropriately designed research to guide well-informed decisions.
Testing the Predictions of Surprisal Theory in 11 Languages
Authors: Wilcox Ethan G. , Pimentel Tiago , Meister Clara , Cotterell Ryan , Levy Roger P.
Published: December 2023

Surprisal theory posits that less-predictable words should take more time to process, with word predictability quantified as surprisal, i.e., negative log probability in context. While evidence supporting the predictions of surprisal theory has been replicated widely, much of it has focused on a very narrow slice of data: native English speakers reading English texts. Indeed, no comprehensive multilingual analysis exists. We address this gap in the current literature by investigating the relationship between surprisal and reading times in eleven different languages, distributed across five language families. Deriving estimates from language models trained on monolingual and multilingual corpora, we test three predictions associated with surprisal theory: (i) whether surprisal is predictive of reading times, (ii) whether expected surprisal, i.e., contextual entropy, is predictive of reading times, and (iii) whether the linking function between surprisal and reading times is linear. We find that all three predictions are borne out crosslinguistically. By focusing on a more diverse set of languages, we argue that these results offer the most robust link to date between information theory and incremental language processing across languages.
General then Personal: Decoupling and Pre-training for Personalized Headline Generation
Authors: Song Yun-Zhu , Chen Yi-Syuan , Wang Lu , Shuai Hong-Han
Published: December 2023

Personalized Headline Generation aims to generate unique headlines tailored to users’ browsing history. In this task, understanding user preferences from click history and incorporating them into headline generation pose challenges. Existing approaches typically rely on predefined styles as control codes, but personal style lacks explicit definition or enumeration, making it difficult to leverage traditional techniques. To tackle these challenges, we propose General Then Personal (GTP), a novel framework comprising user modeling, headline generation, and customization. We train the framework using tailored designs that emphasize two central ideas: (a) task decoupling and (b) model pre-training. With the decoupling mechanism separating the task into generation and customization, two mechanisms, i.e., information self-boosting and mask user modeling, are further introduced to facilitate the training and text control. Additionally, we introduce a new evaluation metric to address existing limitations. Extensive experiments conducted on the PENS dataset, considering both zero-shot and few-shot scenarios, demonstrate that GTP outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, ablation studies and analysis emphasize the significance of decoupling and pre-training. Finally, the human evaluation validates the effectiveness of our approaches.1
From Stone Canal to Orchid Terrace: Libraries and Archives in the Two Han Capitals
Authors: Waring Luke
Published: December 2023

Recent scholarship has advanced our understanding of the Han dynasty’s most important textual repositories, including the distinctions between libraries and archives and the roles they played in early manuscript culture. There is no comprehensive survey in English, however, of the main facilities where different manuscripts were stored in the two Han capitals, Chang’an and Luoyang. This article seeks answers to key questions: Where were these facilities located? Who worked there and how was one appointed? What kinds of activities took place in them? I confirm the findings of scholars who have shown that there is scant evidence for editing or scholastic activity in the main textual repositories before late Western Han, and that even after Emperor Cheng’s reign, textual production, curation, and instruction were distributed between multiple centers that were often in competition with one another.
A new species of the genus Bathypalaemonella Balss, 1914 (Caridea, Bathypalaemonellidae) from a seamount in the South China Sea
Authors: Wang Yanrong , Sha Zhongli
Published: December 2023

A new species of deep-sea shrimp, Bathypalaemonella liui sp. nov., is described from the seamount of the South China Sea at a depth of 759–1117 m. Bathypalaemonella liui sp. nov. is most similar to B. hayashi Komai, 1995 and B. serratipalma Pequegnat, 1970 for the flexor margin of the major second pereopod bearing a row of tubercles. Important morphological characters which differentiate the present new species from B. hayashi and B. serratipalma are the length of the rostrum, which is far exceeding the scaphocerite, and the dactylus of the posterior three pereopods, which only bear one pair of accessory spines. Moreover, the genetic divergences of the COI and 16S rRNA genes from these two congeners analysed, clearly support the new taxon.
Redescription of two known species of Irodes Wilson, 1911 and description of Parairodes himeji gen. et sp. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Taeniacanthidae), parasitic on Japanese goatfishes (Actinopterygii)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: December 2023

Irodes kuwaitensis Ho, Kim & Sey, 1999 and I. parupenei Ho & Lin, 2007 are redescribed based on specimens of both sexes and juveniles, recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity and the nasal cavity of the blackspot goatfish, Parupeneus spilurus (Bleeker, 1854), and Parairodes himeji gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of specimens of the female, recovered from under the scales of the Japanese goatfish, Upeneus japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782).
Concept of Due Care in Medical Law in a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Borysiak Witold
Published: December 2023

In many European legal systems, the provisions of medical legislative acts impose directly on healthcare professionals an obligation to act with due care. This imperative may be considered a basic principle of practising all medical professions, and even a generally accepted principle of medical law. Due care is the manner of conduct by medical professionals that meets the requirements contained in an objective and external standard of conduct created for each specific obligational relationship. Despite the differences between European legal systems, from a comparative perspective it is possible to notice similar factors taken into account when determining the standards of due care in medicine. This is because the conduct of medical professionals is largely determined by actual state of medical knowledge, medical standards and deontological codes relating to all medical professional activities. The aim of the article is to discuss in detail these issues in comparative perspective.
The scientific legacy of Eugène Henri Joseph Leloup (1902–1981)
Authors: SAMYN YVES , GOETHEM JACKIE L. VAN
Published: December 2023

The scientific importance of Dr. Eugène Leloup, one of the key biologists of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in the past century, is documented through his scientific output. We overviewed the scientific career of Dr. E. Leloup by listing his publications, the taxa introduced therein and, when possible, their taxonomic and nomenclatural status as well as their physical whereabouts. An annotated list of his eponyms is also provided.
Modelling Between Digital and Humanities
Authors: Ciula Arianna , Eide Øyvind , Marras Cristina , Sahle Patrick
Published: December 2023

This volume presents an exploration of Digital Humanities (DH), a field focused on the reciprocal transformation of digital technologies and humanities scholarship. Central to DH research is the practice of modelling, which involves translating intricate knowledge systems into computational models. This book addresses a fundamental query: How can an effective language be developed to conceptualize and guide modelling in DH?

Modelling, with its historical roots, carries multifaceted meanings influenced by various disciplinary contexts. Modelling Between Digital and Humanities innovatively connects DH with the historical tradition of model-based thinking in the humanities, cultural studies, and the sciences. It endeavors to reshape interpretative frameworks by contextualizing DH's modelling practices within a broader conceptual landscape.

Through an exploration of digital, visual and data models, the book asserts that DH holds the potential to be a cornerstone of a novel cultural literacy paradigm. By probing the interplay between technology and thought, the book ultimately positions DH as a catalyst for transformative cultural insights.
Modelling as Semiotic Process
Authors: Ciula Arianna , Eide Øyvind , Marras Cristina , Sahle Patrick
Published: December 2023

Chapter 3, Modelling as semiotic process, refers to model-making as theorised within a semiotic framework. This is complementary to but also in contrast with the common theorisation of the practice of modelling in DH informed by the techno-sciences and computer science in particular. Modelling is framed as a process of signification (semiotic process or meaning making). This semiotic framework allows us to see modelling primarily as a strategy to make sense (signification) via practical thinking (creating and manipulating models). It enables to stress the dynamic nature of models and modelling, and to reinstate in renewed terms the understanding of modelling as an open process of signification enacting a triadic cooperation (among object, representamen and interpreter). Referring to Charles Sanders Peirce’s classification of hypoicons, we reflect on some DH examples of modelling in the form of images, diagrams and metaphors, claiming that a semiotic understanding of modelling could ultimately allow us to surpass the rigid duality object vs. model, as well as sign vs. context.
Design and Performance Analysis of Automobile Headlamp Based on Light-Emitting Diode
Authors: Xie Sanshan
Published: December 2023

As a vital component of the automobile headlamp, its design is not only related to power loss but also affects the appearance of the automobile. Most importantly, its design directly affects the night lighting effect and driving safety. Compared with the traditional headlamp light source, light-emitting diode (LED) light source has the advantages of long lifespan, small size, fast response, flexible design, flexible control, and so on. Based on this, this study designs high-power white LED automobile headlamps, adopts the commonly used reflector design technology, and puts forward the design scheme of the lighting group system. This scheme relies on a reflector for light distribution, without needing a baffle or lens with light distribution patterns. The optical design software TracePro and the three-dimensional design software PROE are used to simulate and design the reflectors of low and high beams, respectively. The simulation results of the reflector of the low beam show that more than 490000 rays of light reach the filament shield, with a light utilization rate of over 95%. The horizontal cut-off line and 15° light and dark cut-off lines are clearly visible, and the front window material is closed. Considering this factor, the illumination distribution of the low beam meets relevant national regulations. The high beam reflector simulation results reveal that over 960000 light rays reach the filament shield, with a more than 95% light utilization rate. The light spot is symmetrical. If the front window material is polycarbonate and not coated, the absorption and scattering of light are ignored, and the transmittance of the beam through the two optical surfaces achieves 90%.
The protective role of chemokines 12 and chemokines 4 by mediating interleukin-6 in delayed diabetic foot wound healing
Authors: Yin Chaoyan , Lin Yuan , Zhang Fan , Lian Xiaofen
Published: December 2023

Refractory diabetic foot ulcer is commonly encountered in clinical practice and it is hardly cured with a long duration of treatment and a high expense, as such problem involves multiple disciplines. Therefore, in case of refractory wounds, it is necessary to first analyze the causes,
general or local. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to determine α-SMA, chemokines 12 (CXCL12) and chemokines 4 (CXCR4) levels in pancreatic tissues and distant normal pancreatic tissues. Cells were treated with recombinant human CXCL12 (rhCXCL12) or the CXCR4 antagonist
AMD3100. After treatment, Western blot determined FAK-AKT and ERK1/2 expression in islet cells, whilst ELISA detected the content of IL-6 and IL-8. rhCXCL12 increased the expression and secretion of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) time- and dose-dependently. But the advent of CXCR4 antagonist abrogated
the protective effect of rhCXCL12. rhCXCL12 exhibited a protective effect on apoptosis, but this effect was abrogated by down-regulation of IL-6 with AMD3100. In addition, rhCXCL12 increased the phosphorylation of FAK, ERK1/2, AKT, and P38 and inhibition of FAK inhibited IL-6 expression. FAK
inhibition almost completely blocked CXCL12-induced activation. This study demonstrates that CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway mediates the expression of IL-6 to enhance healing of refractory diabetic foot wounds by down-regulating the FAK pathway.
What Aspect of Model Performance is the Most Relevant to Skillful Future Projection on a Regional Scale?
Authors: Li Tong , Zhang Xuebin , Jiang Zhihong
Published: December 2023

Weighting models according to their performance has been used to produce multimodel climate change projections. But the added value of model weighting for future projection is not always examined. Here we apply an imperfect model framework to evaluate the added value of model weighting in projecting summer temperature changes over China. Members of large-ensemble simulations by three climate models of different climate sensitivities are used as pseudo-observations for the past and the future. Performance of the models participating in the phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) are evaluated against the pseudo-observations based on simulated historical climatology and trends in global, regional, and local temperatures to determine the model weights for future projection. The weighted projections are then compared with the pseudo-observations in the future period. We find that regional trend as a metric of model performance yields generally better skill for future projection, while past climatology as performance metric does not lead to a significant improvement to projection. Trend at the grid-box scale is also not a good performance indicator as small-scale trend is highly uncertain. For the model weighting to be effective, the metric for evaluating the model’s performance must be relatable to future changes, with the response signal separable from internal variability. Projected summer warming based on model weighting is similar to that of unweighted projection but the 5th–95th-percentile uncertainty range of the weighted projection is 38% smaller with the reduction mainly in the upper bound, with the largest reduction appearing in southeast China.
Does Election Fraud Erode Support for Autocrats?
Authors: Aarslew Laurits F.
Published: December 2023

Does election fraud erode support for dictators? An original survey experiment from Russia following the 2020 vote on constitutional amendments reveals three key findings. First, regime supporters and opponents differ significantly in their baseline beliefs about election fairness. While regime opponents are already aware of fraud, supporters expect relatively fair elections. Consequently, only regime supporters revise their election beliefs when exposed to fraud information. Second, fraud revelations reduce regime legitimacy beliefs, but only among the regime’s political base. In contrast, regime opponents already perceive the regime as illegitimate at the baseline. Third, the experiment shows minimal, if any, effects on attitudes toward Putin. While fraud revelations cause regime supporters to adjust their views on the regime, their opinions about Putin remain largely unaffected. The findings imply that dictators can maintain popular support among their political base while manipulating elections, posing questions about the potential of fraud to undermine regime stability.
Perpetrators’ Characteristics and Intimate Partner Violence in Informal Settlements at Iringa Municipality Tanzania
Authors: Mosha Idda Hubert , Akyoo Winfrida Onesmo , Ezekiel Mangi Job
Published: December 2023

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence faced by women globally. The prevalence of lifetime experiences of physical and sexual IPV is estimated to range from 15% to 71%. IPV where a perpetrator is a male current or ex-partner is an existing gender problem in many countries. Millions of women in Africa especially those living in informal settlements are affected by IPV. The most common form of IPV is physical, psychological and sexual abuse. Several studies conducted in Tanzania on IPV have not yet examined the characteristics of perpetrators of such violence acts in informal settlements. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine IPV perpetrators’ characteristics and their association with IPV perpetration in informal settlements. Multi-stage sampling was applied. Random sampling was used to obtain a sample of 300 women living in informal settlements of Iringa Municipality. A survey was used to collect data and SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. A χ2 test was used to assess the association between the outcome variable and a set of exposure variables. Ethical clearance was obtained from Muhimbili University Institutional Review Board. Written consent was sought before participation in the study. IPV perpetrators’ socio-demographic characteristics were age, marital status, marriage type, occupation and level of education. Alcohol intake characteristics were alcohol intake status and intake frequency, where 62.7% were reported to take alcohol many times. Marital status, level of education, occupation, alcohol intake status and frequency of alcohol intake were linked to physical IPV ( p < 0.005). Perpetrators’ characteristics associated with both sexual and emotional IPV were marital status, alcohol intake and the frequency of alcohol intake ( p < 0.005). IPV perpetrators’ socio-demographic characteristics mainly marital status, level of education, alcohol abuse and alcohol intake frequency have a major contribution to the burden of IPV in Iringa municipality. Low level of education and occupation status as business persons are at higher risk of being violent physically, sexually and emotionally. Men aged between 31 and 50 years are more violent in all forms than others. Community IPV prevention interventions focusing on both men and women will be helpful since IPV perpetration may not only be initiated by men but also by women who may lack life and relationship coping skills. More research is important focusing on IPV perpetration attitude and perceptions from men and women perspectives to inform IPV prevention and management.