bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of hospital medical personnel on disaster preparedness
Authors: Walczyszyn Maciej , Patel Shalin , Oron Maly , Mina Bushra
Published: August 2016

Objective:

Natural disasters, domestic terrorism and other forms of catastrophe, though rare, pose a significant public health challenge when they do occur.  Hospital personnel must have the appropriate training to identify, treat, and possibly even oversee local disaster preparedness initiatives. Insufficient resources have been placed on the education received by healthcare providers in tertiary medical institutions. We intended to assess the current state of knowledge and interest in disaster preparedness among different tiers of hospital staff and training levels in order to identify potential barriers and areas for further training.

Design:

A cross-sectional online survey was given to hospital attending physicians, subspecialty fellows, residents, nurses, physician assistants, and their respective students. The survey questions were disseminated throughout the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) Members and the North Shore Long Island Jewish (NSLIJ) hospital system via e-mail newsletters.

Main results:

A total of 572 individuals participated between October 2013 and May 2014. 85% of respondents expected to be dealing with a disaster during their career. 61.5% of respondents noted they would not feel comfortable leading and directing a local disaster management initiative.  Yet 51.9% of respondents treated victims of natural disasters, 56.5% of transportation disasters and 34.8% of a structural collapse.  When asked about level of formal disaster management training: 27.5% noted that no training was provided and 33% noted that they received 12 hours of training and only a quarter had more than 48 hours of formal training. 86.6% of respondents noted an interest in participating in a disaster management training workshop.

Conclusions:

Many of our respondents had low level of disaster management training, did not feel comfortable leading a disaster initiative, however many have had to take care of victims of disasters.  Based on our findings, hospital professionals feel under prepared for disaster management, and disaster preparedness should be considered an integral part of medical training.
The evolution of intraoperative conversion in video assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy
Authors: Vallance A , Tcherveniakov P , Bogdan C , Chaudhuri N , Milton R , Kefaloyannis E
Published: August 2016

INTRODUCTION

Unplanned conversion to thoracotomy remains a major concern in video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy. This study aimed to investigate the development of a VATS lobectomy programme over a five-year period, with a focus on the causes and consequences of unplanned conversions.

METHODS

A single centre retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent complete anatomical lung resection initiated by VATS between January 2010 and April 2015.

RESULTS

In total, 1,270 patients underwent a lobectomy in the study period and 684 (53.9%) of these were commenced thoracoscopically. There were 75 cases (10.9%) with unplanned conversion. The proportion of lobectomies started as VATS was significantly higher in the second half of the study period (2010–2012: 277/713 [38.8%], 2013–2015: 407/557 [73.1%], p<0.001). The conversion rate dropped initially from 20.4% (11/54) in 2010 to 9.9% (15/151) in 2013 and then remained consistently under 10% until 2015. Conversions were most commonly secondary to vascular injury (26/75, 34.7%). Patients undergoing unplanned conversion had a longer length of stay than VATS completed patients (9 vs 6 days, p<0.001). There was a higher incidence of respiratory failure (10/75 [14.1%] vs 23/607 [3.8%], p<0.001) and 30-day mortality (7/75 [9.3%] vs 6/607 [1.0%], p=0.003) in patients with unplanned conversion than in those with completed VATS.

CONCLUSIONS

As our VATS lobectomy programme developed, the unplanned conversion rate dropped initially and then remained constant at approximately 10%. With increasing unit experience, it is both safe and technically possible to complete the majority of lobectomy procedures thoracoscopically.
Television drama series and transmedia storytelling in an era of convergence
Authors: Mikos Lothar
Published: August 2016

In the past three decades television has undergone a unique transformation. Digitalization and the integration of traditional media and telecommunication have also allowed films and television programmes to be marketed and used on other technical platforms besides conventional cinema and television. Individual films and television programmes must therefore both be considered in the context of multimedia offerings. Associated social media activities and websites (including webisodes or games) are more and more important for the production and distribution of television drama series. In an era of media convergence single media outlets like television converge with online media. Transmedia storytelling where a story is told on as many platforms as possible to attract audiences is mainly related to television drama series. Based on the analysis of several transmedia outlets of television drama series the article will show how production companies, networks and other TV channels attempt to involve viewers via transmedia storytelling in a fragmented media market with a fragmented audience in creating a 360-degree experience.
Futuros jardines como laboratorios digitales frente a sequías e inundaciones
Authors: Jorge Camacho Cristina
Published: August 2016

Aunque el valor de algunos terrenos viene dado por haber sido domados mediante obras de infraestructura que canalizan y controlan ríos o protegen de las inundaciones con muros de contención rígidos, todavía es posible encontrar lugares abandonados, inaccesibles o protegidos que son reservas de biodiversidad y pueden albergar laboratorios al aire libre para prevenir y buscar nuevos sistemas dinámicos de protección frente a las inundaciones o las sequias. ¿Cómo sería el diseño de ese jardín-laboratorio digital? Comenzaría con la formación de montículos de tierra para frenar la fuerza de las olas (L); revelaría cómo actualmente el agua desaparece de la vista cuando se acerca a la ciudad mediante canalizaciones (F); y, finalmente, mostraría cómo el agua se debería almacenar en diferentes escalas: marismas, lagunas o aljibes (W). Los métodos de representación, las herramientas paramétricas y las construcciones digitales (CNC) son tres fases de un modelo de jardín a escala real que pasa de un entendimiento plano y rígido del territorio a una comprensión topográfica y dinámica.Palabras-clave: BIODIVERSIDAD; INUNDACIONES Y SEQUÍAS; PROTECCIÓN COSTERA; HERRAMIENTAS DIGITALES; INSTALACIONES URBANAS Futures gardens as digital laboratories against droughts and floodsAbstractWhile the value of some productive land is to be tamed by infrastructural works of man-made canals that control rivers or give security measures with rigid dikes, there are other terrains -neglected land, parcels of land left behind or protective territories where biodiversity is preserved- that could be a place for an experimental field which works on early warning systems that help to prevent floods and droughts. How could we design a garden as an open-air digital laboratory? It would show how dynamic defences such as landform mounds would stop gradually water (L); it would reveal how water is hidden from view running through our pipes in the urban context (F); and it would prove how water could be concentrated in different scales by marshlands, ponds and cisterns (W). Representation, parametric tools and digital construction (CNC) are three steps of a full-scale data model for new landforms of garden shifting from planar and rigid understanding into more volumetric and dynamic surfaces.Keywords: BIODIVERSITY; FLOODS AND DROUGHS; COASTAL PROTECTION; DIGITAL TOOLS; URBAN PIPELINES
Spin covers of maximal compact subgroups of Kac–Moody groups and spin-extended Weyl groups
Authors: Ghatei David , Horn Max , Köhl Ralf , Weiß Sebastian
Published: August 2016

Let G be a split real Kac–Moody group of arbitrary type and let K be its maximal compact subgroup, i.e. the
subgroup of elements fixed by a Cartan–Chevalley involution of G.
We construct non-trivial spin covers of K, thus confirming a conjecture by Damour and Hillmann. For irreducible simply-laced diagrams and for all spherical diagrams these spin covers are two-fold central extensions of K. For more complicated irreducible diagrams these spin covers are central extensions by a finite 2-group of possibly larger cardinality.
Our construction is amalgam-theoretic and makes use of the generalised spin representations of maximal compact subalgebras of split real Kac–Moody algebras studied by Hainke, Levy and the third author.
Our spin covers contain what we call spin-extended Weyl groups which admit a presentation by generators and relations obtained from the one for extended Weyl groups by relaxing the condition on the generators so that only their eighth powers are required to be trivial.
A novel insulin receptor mutation in an adolescent with acanthosis nigricans and hyperandrogenism
Authors: Krishnamurthy Mansa , Pingul Mia M
Published: August 2016

Insulin receptor mutations cause extreme insulin resistance resulting in acanthosis nigricans and hyperandrogenism. We report a pre-menarchal adolescent female with normal weight, with severe acanthosis nigricans, acne, and hirsutism. Initial investigation revealed elevated fasting and post-prandial insulin and high testosterone and androstenedione levels. Her father had frequent complaints of hypoglycemia. Coding sequence and splice junction analysis of the
Metal nanoparticles from marine seaweeds – a review
Authors: Ponnuchamy Kumar , Jacob Joe Antony
Published: August 2016

Seaweed extracts are most studied recently for their ability to rapidly reduce metal ions than biomass such as bacteria, fungi, and plants. The reducing capacity of seaweeds depends on the presence of phytoconsitutents such as polysacchardies, phenolic compounds, proteins/enzymes, and other chelating agents. Marine seaweeds that belong to Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Phaeophyta groups are reported to biosynthesize metal nanoparticles. The morphology and the stability of the nanoparticles obtained from seaweeds for biomedical and environmental applications are equivalent in most aspects to other “green” methodologies. The biosynthesis of nanoparticles using seaweeds can be scaled up to meet industrial requirements. Therefore, this review elaborates seaweeds as a better tool for the fabrication of metal nanoparticles.
Antibacterial mechanism of biogenic copper nanoparticles synthesized using Heliconia psittacorum leaf extract
Authors: Roy Kaushik , Sarkar Chandan K. , Ghosh Chandan K.
Published: August 2016

Here, we report on the novel green synthesis of metallic copper nanoparticles from copper sulfate solution by using the leaf extract of
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRATEGIC ACTION AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON ATHLETICS PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES
Authors: Ballard Robert J. , Washif Jad Adrian , Richards Andre C.
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of existing strategies by objectively identifying whether the current investment into the national athletics and feeder programmes is delivering on the key performance indicators. Data was taken from all 45 athletics events (23 male, 22 female) over the last seven biannual National Games from 2002 to 2014. The performances for the top five finalists across each event were analysed. A correlation co-efficient was calculated to assess the strength of linear performance relationship over time. T-tests were performed to assess mean differences across high prospect events versus major international benchmarks. Using r = 0.70 as a high correlation, only five events (men’s 400 m, 400 m hurdles, high jump, and both men’s and women’s hammer throw) out of 41 individual events demonstrated strong positive linear relationships over the assessment period. Only men’s high jump and women’s hammer throw had a non-significant difference (p = > 0.05) when compared with the means performance measure at the two Southeast Asian Games, indicating the events’ degree of capacity to compete at an international level. In comparison to higher level competitions, men’s high jump and women’s hammer throw also demonstrated fragility. The performance gap between the National Games and comparable international event was very large, ranging from 5.3 to 71.0%. Overall, there appears to be a trivial or stagnant trend for many athletics events, which has been unable to create a foundation needed for developing consistent elite performance. Taking into account this data, consideration into the development of new intervention action plans within the overall strategy should be determined and implemented.
Författarens förord: Några ord om vad som hände med den ursprungliga rapporten
Authors: Hagevi Magnus
Published: August 2016

Sammanfattning saknas
Temperature dependence of thermal diffusivity of OPC and CAC cement paste
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yan Dongming
Published: August 2016

Thermal diffusivity of concrete is an important factor that influences the fire resistance of concrete structures. The temperature dependence of thermal diffusivities of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and calcium aluminate cement (CAC) paste are studied in this paper. First, the mineral compositions of OPC and CAC paste are investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Second, the dehydration process and the microstructure of OPC and CAC paste are characterised by thermogravimetric analysis and environmental scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Finally, the thermal diffusivities of OPC and CAC paste at high temperature are measured using the laser flash method.
Statistical Analysis of the Internal Distances of Helical Pairs in Protein Molecules
Authors: Тихонов Д.А. , Tikhonov D.A.
Published: August 2016

The statistical analysis of interhelical distances in pairs of connected α-helices found in known proteins has been performed. In accordance with
the certain rules, a database of the pairs found in the Protein Data Bank has been compiled. This set was subdivided into three subsets according
to criterion of crossing helix projections on the parallel plane passing through the axis of the helix. It was shown that the distribution of distances
between the pairs of helices whose projections are not crossed has a more long-range nature than those whose projections are overlapped. Using
the regression analysis the nature of distributions is investigated. In particular, it is shown that the distributions of interhelical distances
in the subset of pairs of helices without intersections belong to the gamma distributions. It is also shown that the subset of the pairs with crossing
projections have a smaller ratio of the minimal distance between the helical axes to the interplanar distance that is contrast to the set without
crossing projections. It was concluded that the helical pairs with crossing projections are additionally stabilized by internal interactions.
A talaj-magbank szerepe a magyarországi növényközösségek dinamikájában és helyreállításában
Authors: Kiss Réka
Published: August 2016

A magbank hozzájárul a növényfajok populációinak és közösségeinek fenntartásához, az élőhelyek helyreállításához, vizsgálata rávilágít a területek előtörténetére, tájhasználati múltjára, a biotikus és abiotikus tényezők változására, valamint a terület aktuális degradáltságának mértékére. Magyarországon számos vizsgálat kapcsolódik a magbankokhoz, viszont az utóbbi időben nem született a magyarországi magbank-kutatások eredményeit összegző, átfogó cikk. Célom tehát az volt, hogy összegezzem a magyarországi magbank‑kutatás eddigi eredményeit valamint rávilágítsak a téma hiányosságaira és a további kutatási lehetőségekre. Az áttekintést 49 publikáció alapján végeztem el; a legrégebbi adat 1922-ből származik, míg a legfrissebb 2015-ből. Az életképesség megállapítására alkalmazott vizsgálati módszerek közül leginkább az üvegházi és laboratóriumi csíráztatást érdemes kiemelni. A legkorábbi mezőgazdasági területek gyommagbankját vizsgáló kutatások jelentősen nagyobb magbank-sűrűséget állapítottak meg, mint a későbbiekben kutatott természetközeli gyepek teljes magbank-sűrűsége. A vizsgálatok erdőkben találták a legkisebb sűrűségű magbankot. A mezőgazdasági művelésnek vagy emberi zavarásnak kitett területeken nagyobb volt a magbank-sűrűség, mint a mezőgazdaságban nem használt területeken. A magbank legnagyobb része a felső talajrétegben helyezkedett el. A vizsgálatok során általában alacsony hasonlóságot állapítottak meg a magbank és vegetáció összetétele között, ez alapján a magbanknak elenyésző szerepe van az élőhely-restaurációban. Magbank-típus adatot nem ismerünk a magyar flóra fajainak háromnegyedénél, pedig ennek ismerete elengedhetetlen a közösségek és fajok védelme, az inváziós és adventív fajok elleni megfelelő védelem kidolgozása érdekében.
Pótlások a Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlaszához I.
Authors: Takács Attila , Nagy Timea , Sramkó Gábor , Lovas-Kiss Ádám , Süveges Kristóf , Lukács Balázs András , Fekete Réka , Löki Viktor , Malatinszky Ákos , E. Vojtkó Anna , Koscsó János , Pfliegler Walter Péter , Nótári Krisztina , Molnár V. Attila
Published: August 2016

Közleményünk célja a Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképeinek kiegészítése, főként aktuális előfordulási adatokkal. Összesen 297 edényes taxon előfordulási adatait közöljük az ország egész területéről, mintegy 247 flóratérképezési negyed-kvadrátból. Az adatok között a ritkább taxonok (például Armoracia macrocarpa (Waldst. et Kit.) Kit. ex Baumg., Samolus valerandi L., Epipactis voethii Robatsch) mellett országosan elterjedt, de többé-kevésbé adathiányos fajok (például Ranunculus ficaria L., Viola kitaibeliana Roem. et Schult., Gagea villosa (M. Bieb.) Duby), illetve adventív fajok (például Cymbalaria muralis G. Gaertn., B. Mey. et Scherb., Potentilla indica (Andrews) Focke, Tragus racemosus (L.) All.) esetében is közöljük az atlasz térképeihez képest újnak bizonyuló lelőhelyeket.
A kis lilik (Anser erythropus L.) és közel rokon nagytestű lúdfajok magterjesztésben betöltött szerepe és élőhelyi preferenciája a Hortobágyi Nemzeti Parkban
Authors: Tóth Katalin , Bogyó Dávid , Tar János , Valkó Orsolya
Published: August 2016

Az állatok általi magterjesztésnek igen jelentős szerepe van a növényi elterjedési mintázatok kialakításában. Újabb kutatások kimutatták, hogy a vízimadarak is igen jelentős szerepet tölthetnek be a növényi magterjesztésben. A zoochor magterjesztés vizsgálatával egyrészt megérthetjük az állati terjesztő vektorok szerepét a növényi terjedésben, másrészt fontos információkat nyerhetünk az állatok táplálék-összetételéről. Vizsgálatunk célja a fokozottan védett és globálisan veszélyeztetett kis lilik (Anser erythropus L.) illetve a hasonló élőhelyeket használó nagyobb testű ludak (nyári lúd – Anser anser L. és nagy lilik – Anser albifrons Scop.) endozoochor magterjesztésének és élőhely-preferenciájának vizsgálata volt. A vizsgálatot a LIFE10-NAT/GR/000638 projekt támogatta. Az ürülékmintákat a Hortobágyi Nemzeti Park területén gyűjtöttük, ahol a kis lilikek és a nagyobb testű ludak tavaszi és őszi vonulásuk során táplálkoznak. A vizsgálatban azonosítottuk a ludak főbb táplálkozó-területeit, ahonnan összesen 720 ürülék-mintát gyűjtöttünk mind a kis lilik mind a nagyobb testű ludak ürülékéből 2012 tavaszán és őszén. A mintákat mosással koncentráltuk, majd sterilizált virágföldet tartalmazó csíráztató ládákban, üvegházban csíráztattuk. Összesen 21 faj egyedeit sikerült kicsíráztatni a ludak ürülékéből. Vizsgálatunkban jelentős évszakos különbségeket találtunk mind a kis lilik mind a nagyobb testű ludak ürülékéből csírázó magok mennyiségében és fajszámában: az őszi mintákból több fajt és több csíranövényt mutattunk ki. Vizsgálatunkban kimutattuk, hogy még közel rokon, hasonló élőhelyeken táplálkozó lúdfajok esetében is jelentős különbségek lehetnek a fajok magterjesztő képességében. Eredményeink alapján a kis lilik erősen kötődik a természetes, jó állapotú szikes gyepekhez és szikes rétekhez, mivel ilyen élőhelyeken voltak a főbb táplálkozó-területek. A kis lilik ürülékéből nagyobb egyedszámban és fajszámban csíráztak a szikes élőhelyekre jellemző fajok magjai, ugyanakkor kisebb egyedszámban és fajszámban csíráztak a gyomfajok. Összesen 21 faj csíraképes magját sikerült kimutatnunk az ürülékmintákból, ami arra utal, hogy a ludak jelentős szerepet tölthetnek be mind a gyepi mind a vizes élőhelyekre jellemző fajok magjainak terjesztésében.
The first data about fungi and fungus–like organisms of Drevlanskiy nature reserve
Authors: Shcherbakova Yu. , Dzhagan V.
Published: August 2016

The information about the first mycological investigation in the Drevlanskiy Nature Reserve is provided. The analysis of taxonomic structure of the collected species has shown that 36 registered species are representatives of 32 genera, 24 families, 14 orders, 9 classes and 3 phylums. Three species, Trichobelonium kneiffii (Wallr.) J. Schröt., Ramsbottomia asperior (Nyl.) Benkert & T. Schumach. and Exidia recisa (Ditmar) Fr., are new for Ukraine. It should be emphasized that the species of Ramsbottomia W.D. Buckley has not been reported in Ukraine previously.
En route to a dianilinyl-substituted carbo-cyclohexadiene with promising electrical properties
Authors: Lozynskyi Oleg , Barthes Cécile , Rives Arnaud , Maraval Valérie , Voitenko Zoia , Chauvin Remi
Published: August 2016

The macro-aromatic carbo-benzene core para-disubstituted by 4-anilinyl groups is known to be an efficient single-molecule conductor, exhibiting a conductance of 106 nS measured by the scanning tunneling microscopy-break junction technique. The linear carbo-butadiene analogue bearing the same anilinyl substituents was found to be less efficient, with a conductance of 2.7 nS. The reason of this difference could be elucidated through the study of the charge transport properties of a cyclically locked carbo-butadiene core in a carbo-cyclohexadiene derivative. In this paper, advances in the synthesis of this challenging dianilinyl-substituted carbo-cyclohexadiene are presented.
New Ferrocene Derivatives for Ligand Grafting
Authors: Karpus Andrii , Daran Jean-Claude , Voitenko Zoia , Manoury Eric
Published: August 2016

Five new 1,2-disubstituted ferrocene derivatives have been efficiently synthesized. These compounds contain one protected phosphine function as thiophosphine, another coordination site (nitrogen or oxygen atom) and a function ready for the grafting on various supports. All compounds have been and fully characterized by NMR(1H, 31P and 13C) and High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy. The molecular structure of three of these ferrocene derivatives have been determined by X ray diffraction analysis on monocrystals.
The possibility of reducing mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Asherova-Jushkova Dar’ja V , Kovaljova Marina A , Chaparova Tatjana V , Shmeljova Anna A , Gorodova Elena V , Ljasthenko Anatolii Yu , Badanina Yulia S , Protasova Marina O , Pelevina Anna A , Kocheshkov Sergei N
Published: August 2016

The analysis of outcomes of various conditions of the premature neonates with extremely low (ELBW) and the very low body weight (VLBW), who were hospitalized for the last 3 years in the neonate intensive care unit (NICU) of the Yaroslavl regional perinatal center was carried out. Comparison of a lethality of premature with ELBW and VLBW depending on change of approaches to respiratory support, both in the delivery room, and at further stages of treatment, antibacterial strategy and infectious control in the department was performed. Was shown 2,5 fold decrease of mortality due to less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) in a combination with strategy of “the prolonged inspiration” and “open lungs”, the reduction of indications to mechanical ventilation. In study group, with use of LISA technique demonstrated the best survival (16,1 vs 53,0 %, р < 0,0002), smaller need for mechanical ventilation (38,7 vs 86,4 % р < 0,0037), reliable reduction of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) frequency: IVH3 - 12,9 vs 45,5 % (р < 0013), IVH4 - 6,5 vs 33,3 %(p < 0,0028). In the study group bronchopulmonary dysplasia rate was lower, but retinopathy of prematurity developed more often. The role of microbiological monitoring in NICU, restriction of antibiotic administration indications for reduction of intrahospital infection risks of was shown. Introduction of strict measures of infectious control allowed to reduce incidence of a necrotizing enterocolitis (NEK) from 1,5 to 0,4 % and the related mortality.
Beta-adrenoblockers of third generation as medicines for drug therapy of patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kuzmin Oleg B , Zhezha Vladislav V , Belyanin Vitaly V , Buchneva Natalya V
Published: August 2016

The review discusses the results of preclinical and clinical trials on the identification of nephroprotective action of β-blockers 3 generation carvedilol and nebivolol on models of hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy and patients with chronic kidney disease. It was concluded that nebivolol and especially carvedilol differs from its predecessors additional antioxidant and nephroprotective properties may be the drugs of choice from β-blockers for drug therapy of hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease.
O Processo de Segregação Socioespacial dos Jovens Pobres nas Periferias de Goiânia
Authors: Duarte Aldimar Jacinto
Published: August 2016

Resumo: no presente artigo procura-se entender a constituição histórica da cidade de Goiânia e o processo de segregação socioespacial dos jovens das periferias. Analisa-se a constituição histórica das cidades modernas, e o processo de urbanização na América Latina e no Brasil. Discute-se a condição de segregação vivenciada pelos jovens habitantes dos bairros periféricos em especial a partir da década de 1980. Conclui-se que, embora o processo de segregação socioespacial seja inerente à organização das cidades modernas, as gerações nascidas a partir do final da década de 1980 são obrigados a habitar espaços urbanos destituídos dos direitos inerentes à cidadania e, desprovidos das utopias de transformação social que acalentavam as gerações anteriores, vivem então em condições de precariedade destituídas de utopias transformadoras. Palavras-chave: Jovens. Segregação. Periferia.
Entidades empresariais e desenvolvimento no Sul Fluminense: governança, estratégia e estrutura
Authors: Fonseca Monteiro Cristiano , Da Costa Lima Raphael Jonathas
Published: August 2016

Este artigo pretende desenvolver uma crítica ao modelo geral dos APLs como paradigma teórico e de políticas públicas, por conta de sua ênfase excessiva na dimensão estratégica do que se convencionou chamar de “governança” dos atores e processos econômicos. Cria-se, desse ponto de vista, uma expectativa de que a coordenação dos esforços voltados ao desenvolvimento regional dependeria apenas do esforço e da iniciativa dos atores locais. Com base em uma literatura mais ampla sobre o tema do desenvolvimento regional, o artigo sugere que há importantes limites estruturais a serem considerados quando se fala em uma estratégia de desenvolvimento. Argumenta-se que tais limitações incluem, de um lado, a interação entre os aglomerados locais e as cadeias globais nas quais porventura possam estar inseridos. Isso define uma determinada distribuição de poder entre os diferentes elos dessas cadeias, de modo que as localidades nem sempre são o seu polo ativo. Por outro lado, a adoção de estratégias baseadas em cooperação e afins não ocorre em vácuos históricos e culturais, ou seja, é preciso levar em consideração os legados, os recursos institucionais e elementos cognitivos que organizam as regiões, o que significa que a adaptação destas aos desafios colocados pela globalização é um processo dependente de trajetória.
Da estratégia corporativa à ação economicamente relevante: a CSN e a contestação social na mineração de ferro
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Rodrigo Salles
Published: August 2016

O trabalho discute as relações entre economia, política e sociedade a partir da abordagem weberiana dos fenômenos socioeconômicos. Como estudo de caso, apresenta as estratégias empresariais e estatais promotoras de desenvolvimento econômico, assim como as formas reativas postas em prática por agentes sociais diversificados no município de Congonhas (MG), onde opera a Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional S.A. (CSN). Primeiramente, enfoca a ação econômica derivada da capacidade transformadora de grandes projetos de investimento, analisando a holding CSN e a expansão de suas atividades mineradoras de ferro como elemento essencial de sua estratégia corporativa. Em segundo lugar, analisa a emergência de agentes e práticas sociais operando em um gradiente de contestação social, potencialmente conducente ao confronto político. O trabalho demonstra a interação complexa entre agentes e fenômenos socioeconômicos, enfatizando o enraizamento das estratégias corporativa e de desenvolvimento econômico e a dimensão economicamente relevante da contestação social.
Território, desenvolvimento e a economia das grandes cidades: perspectivas do Brasil e da China
Authors: Costa Lima Marcos , Ferreira da Silva Joyce Helena , Cumaru João Ricardo
Published: August 2016

A questão urbana tem demandado de pesquisadores de diversas áreas intercessões no sentido de compreender os processos de formação das cidades para então, traçar possibilidades de modificação da realidade, principalmente onde o crescimento se deu de forma desordenada, com fragilidades ou mesmo ausência de planejamento. Este trabalho tem como proposta delinear um panorama geral, que se inicia com uma breve retrospectiva histórica dos processos de crescimento e desenvolvimento das cidades. Na segunda seção, apresenta-se o arcabouço teórico que auxilia na compreensão de aspectos atuais sobre o urbano. Para este intento, recorre-se ao pensamento de Henri Lefebvre, David Harvey e Manuel Castells, os quais, a partir de uma apropriação de categorias da Economia Política, incluem a noção de espaço no debate marxista. A terceira parte é composta por estudos específicos da realidade chinesa e brasileira. São observados os processos de urbanização das metrópoles na China e no Brasil, indicando a intensa atividade do Estado, com a centralidade do planejamento na articulação de infraestrutura para o país asiático e, em contraposição, o crescimento desordenado e o abandono do planejamento urbano que se observa no caso brasileiro.
A perspectiva socioantropológica de Mundicarmo Ferretti sobre a música regional de Zedantas e Luiz Gonzaga
Authors: Guedes João Paulo
Published: August 2016

Boa leitura.
Resumos de dissertações e teses do PPGCSoc-UFMA
Authors: . .
Published: August 2016

Boa leitura.
Desenvolvimento, território e políticas sociais: Suape e uma nova agenda de pesquisa sobre os impactos sociais de grandes projetos
Authors: De Souza Medeiros Rogério , Artigas de Godoy José Henrique
Published: August 2016

O artigo trata das ações com vistas ao desenvolvimento levadas a cabo nos oito municípios pernambucanos componentes do Território Estratégico de Suape após 2007. Discute-se a perda de centralidade das políticas de desenvolvimento regional e a ampliação das ações de governo centradas nos territórios produtivos. O conceito de ‘territorialização’ também vem orientando o planejamento de ações sociais, através da Política Nacional de Assistência Social. O caso de Suape ilustra este novo momento, destacando as contradições entre a constituição de territórios produtivos integrados e a dificuldade de articulação de políticas sociais mitigadoras dos seus impactos negativos. A verificação de distintas formas de apropriação da noção de ‘território’ na estruturação das políticas públicas revela obstáculos à construção de uma plataforma desenvolvimentista que equacione adequadamente o crescimento econômico e a equidade social. Em face dos condicionantes sociais promovidos pelo crescimento econômico acelerado e pela transformação das estruturas produtivas, a verificação do descompasso entre as políticas públicas em âmbito territorial permite a definição de uma agenda de pesquisas que contemple os desafios impostos pelos grandes projetos industriais em curso no país.
Relationships between bat swing speed and muscle thickness and asymmetry in collegiate baseball players
Authors: Tsuchikane Ryo , Higuchi Takatoshi , Suga Tadashi , Wachi Michio , Misaki Jun , Tanaka Daichi , Miyake Yuto , Isaka Tadao
Published: August 2016

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between bat swing speed (BSS) and muscle thickness and lateral asymmetry of the trunk and limbs in collegiate baseball players. Twenty-four collegiate baseball players participated in this study. The maximum BSS in hitting a teed ball was measured using a motion capture system. The muscle thicknesses of the trunk (upper abdominal rectus, central abdominal rectus, lower abdominal rectus, abdominal wall, and multifidus lumborum), upper limb, and lower limb were measured using a B-mode ultrasonography. Lateral asymmetry between each pair of muscles was determined as the ratio of the thickness of the dominant side to that of the non-dominant side. Significant positive correlations were observed between BSS and muscle thicknesses of the abdominal wall and multifidus lumborum on the dominant side (r = 0.426 and 0.431, respectively; p < 0.05), while nearly significant positive correlations were observed between BSS and muscle thicknesses on the non-dominant side. No significant correlations were found between BSS and lateral asymmetry of all muscles. These findings indicate the importance of the trunk muscles for bat swing, and the lack of association between BSS and lateral asymmetry of muscle size.
Generalized Contrcations on Dualistic Partial Metric Spaces
Authors: Nazam Muhammad , Arshad Muhammad , Hussain Aftab
Published: August 2016

We introduce the notion of generalized contraction on dualistic partial metric spaces. A fixed point theorem for mappings satisfying above mentioned contraction is obtained. Some consequences of our result are obtained. We construct an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of our result among the corresponding results in partial metric spaces. Our results provide substantial generalizations and improvements of several well known results existing in the comparable literature. We discuss an application of our fixed point results to show the existence of solution of functional equations.
Remote Sensing Based Estimation of Evapo-Transpiration Using Selected Algorithms: The Case of Wonji Shoa Sugar Cane Estate, Ethiopia
Authors: Genanu Mulugeta , Alamirew Tena , Senay Gabriel , Gebremichael Mekonnen
Published: August 2016

Remote sensing datasets are increasingly being used to provide spatially explicit large scale evapotranspiration (ET) estimates. The focus of this study was to estimate and thematically map pixel-by-pixel basis, and compare the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) of the Wonji Shoa Sugarcane Estate using Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) and Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) algorithms on Landsat7 ETM+ images acquired on four days in 2002. The algorithms were based on image processing which uses spatially distributed spectral satellite data and ground meteorological data to derive the surface energy balance components. The results obtained revealed that the ranges of the daily ETa estimated on January 25, February 26, September 06 and October 08, 2002 using SEBAL were 0.0–6.85, 0.0–9.36, 0.0–3.61, 0.0–6.83 mm/day; using SSEB 0.0–6.78, 0.0–7.81, 0.0–3.65, 0.0–6.46 mm/day, and SSEBop were 0.05–8.25, 0.0–8.82, 0.2–4.0, 0.0–7.40 mm/day, respectively. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values between SSEB and SEBAL, SSEBop and SEBAL, and SSEB and SSEBop were 0.548, 0.548, and 0.99 for January 25, 2002; 0.739, 0.753, and 0.994 for February 26, 2002;0.847, 0.846, and 0.999 for September 06, 2002; 0.573, 0.573, and 1.00 for October 08, 2002, respectively. The standard deviation of ETa over the sugarcane estate showed high spatio-temporal variability perhaps due to soil moisture variability and surface cover. The three algorithm results showed that well watered sugarcane fields in the mid-season growing stage of the crop and water storage areas had higher ETa values compared with the other dry agricultural fields confirming that they consumptively use more water. Generally during the dry season ETa is limited to water surplus areas only and in wet season, ETa was high throughout the entire sugarcane estate. The evaporation fraction (ETrF) results also followed the same pattern as the daily ETa over the sugarcane estate. The total crop and irrigation water requirement and effective rainfall estimated using the Cropwat model were 2468.8, 2061.6 and 423.8 mm/yr for January 2001 planted and 2281.9, 1851.0 and 437.8 mm/yr for March 2001 planted sugarcanes, respectively. The mean annual ETa estimated for the whole estate were 107 Mm3, 140 Mm3, and 178 Mm3 using SEBAL, SSEB, and SSEBop, respectively. Even though the algorithms should be validated through field observation, they have potential to be used for effective estimation of ET in the sugarcane estate.
The Implementation of COP21 Agreement in the Third World
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: August 2016

The so-called Third World must now start developing implementation strategies of the COP21 objectives. In both emerging economies and poor countries, CO2:s area rather high except some countries where CO2:s are very high. Thus, the energy reliance upon coal – wood or solid – as well as petroleum must be transformed somehow. Hydro power requires lots of water, which further global warming may deny – look at Venezuela today. Thus, major investments in wind, solar or/and nuclear power are called for, which will have to be partly financed by the COP21 superfund. Yet, implementing a major decarbonisation conflicts with the developmental goals of Third World countries whatever they may be: “catch-up”, reducing poverty, UN development framework, etc. Implementation theory (Wildavsky, Sabatier) teaches us humbleness about the likelihood of goal fulfillment.
Technology Update; Sequenced Refracturing Technology Improves Economics in Unconventional Plays
Authors: Acock Andrew , Clark Brian D.
Published: August 2016

Technology Update

Under current market constraints, many operators and service companies are trying to determine how to efficiently and cost-effectively refracture declining and/or underperforming shale wells. Companies are investigating new technologies and creatively adapting existing techniques to improve refracturing operations.

Historically, hundreds or thousands of laterals in unconventional plays were stimulated with suboptimal practices or suffered damage, limiting access to significant remaining reserves.

Typically costing a fraction of the amount required to drill and complete a new well, refracturing represents an attractive opportunity for operators to increase production, ultimate recovery, and return on investment.

Problems With Refracturing

While refracturing vertical wells is not new, the industry has limited experience with refracturing horizontal wellbores and the technique is still in its infancy. Today, the common practice is to assume that if a treatment design succeeded in the original lateral, one needs to only apply essentially the same formula in refracturing the well. Instead of using mechanical bridge plugs, which are no longer a viable option, a diverting agent is pumped between each proppant fracture stage.

Diversion materials typically consist of degradable particles intended to plug existing fractures in low-pressure depleted zones and divert proppant to untreated, high-pressure sections of the lateral. Although some horizontal refracturing jobs have achieved good results with this approach, there are two serious potential technical shortcomings. One is ineffective diversion across the full length of the lateral. The other is inadequate proppant transport inside the lateral.

Conventional diverting materials have not proven reliable, often failing to isolate existing fractures. Particle sizes have not been optimized to effectively plug near-wellbore fracture openings, or the particles become strung out during pumping and thereby prevent diversion pills from achieving sufficient concentration to create impermeable barriers. As a result, portions of the subsequent proppant treatments take the path of least resistance by flowing into depleted areas and failing to attain the pressure required for fracturing any unstimulated rock.

There is another, less obvious problem with traditional refracturing of horizontal completions. As proppant-laden fracture fluids travel toward the toe of the lateral, fluid fractions enter multiple hydraulic fractures along the way and continually slow the stream.

As fluid velocity diminishes, the proppant begins to settle out and accumulate inside the casing, creating a sand dune that progressively fills the lateral. Few operators realize that hundreds or thousands of feet of casing may be clogged with sand. Inadequate proppant transport and sand settling may explain the observation that many refracturing operations preferentially stimulate the wellbore closer to the heel.
The Role of Soft Skills in a Challenging Environment
Authors: Milanovich-Eagleson Narandja , Howes Susan , Fattahi Behrooz
Published: August 2016

Talent & Technology

Lower oil prices have evoked a level of stress in the industry not only for those involved in a slowdown or cancellations of projects, and potential staff reductions, but also for those who may be buffered from the business cycle swings. These times of scarcity of operating cash flow and capital resources can create substantial anxiety because of an internal conflict among employment needs, a company’s survival needs, and corporate and professional conduct.

In such times, the human tendency is to hunker down so as not to lose ground and to survive. When we do that, we often lose sight of what ensures resilience for the individuals and their organizations. Humans under stress do not always do what is intuitive or logical, and in times of high stress, the engagement of the larger community, namely the value chain teams within and outside of our workplace, is essential. We need to maintain a balanced focus on the long term while managing short-term demands. This obviously is not an easy task, but self-awareness of our internal conflicts is an excellent starting point.

To maintain a focus on the long term, our capacity to engage others and enable their mutual needs to be met, while maintaining the viability of the systems in which we operate, is indispensable. Stress management, resilience, self-awareness, and engagement are all important competencies for surviving challenging times, and these skills are grouped under the general category called “soft skills.”

Having realized the importance of soft skills to SPE as a professional society, in 2011, a group of SPE volunteers created the Soft Skills Committee (SSC), proposing that SPE could be the catalyst for the improvement of soft skills within the petroleum industry to enhance the quality and the quantity of technical results (Fattahi et al. 2012, 2013, and 2014).
Scale Inhibitor Works To Prevent Reprecipitation of Calcium Sulfate
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: August 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper IPTC 17827, “Prevention of Dissolution and Reprecipitation of Calcium Sulfate While Acidizing,” by Harvey Quintero, SPE, Darren Maley, SPE, and Farah Zafar, SPE, Trican Well Service, prepared for the 2014 International Petroleum Technology Conference, Kuala Lumpur, 10–12 December. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) in the form of gypsum and anhydrite is one of the more prevalent evaporite minerals typically found in the carbonate rocks of the western Canadian sedimentary basin (WCSB). Most calcium sulfate scale inhibitors used for acid treatments rely on either the retardation of CaSO4 crystal growth or the creation of soluble complex salts with the calcium ions. A broad-spectrum scale inhibitor has been specially formulated for high-salinity and acid solutions that not only prevents the precipitation of CaSO4 but also helps inhibit the initial dissolution of CaSO4.

Introduction

Covering a vast extension of 1.4 million km2, the WCSB is between the southwestern border of the Canadian shield in Manitoba and the eastern flank of the Canadian Rocky Mountain system in British Columbia. Approximately half of the WCSB is composed of carbonate reservoirs.

Commonly, these carbonate formations are stimulated with acid. Depending on the formation itself and the presence of formation damage, two main acid-stimulation techniques are used: matrix acidizing and acid fracturing. In a matrix-acidizing treatment, the objective is to squeeze the acid into the formation below fracturing pressures to create wormholes to increase production and to bypass formation damage, such as that caused by drilling. In an acid-fracturing treatment, the acid is pumped at high rates above the fracturing pressure. As the treatment is pumped, the acid reacts with the fracture face, etching it. Once the treatment is complete, a highly conductive path is left by the etching of the fracture face by the acid.

The acid treatments are commonly completed with hydrochloric acid (HCl) or with acetic acid (CH3COOH), formic acid (CHOOH), or other organic acids. Conditions throughout the WCSB vary dramatically, and conditions such as bottomhole temperature, metals used in tubulars or downhole tools, minerals present in the formation, and composition of the oil play a factor in the customization of acid blends.
Paralelización del Algoritmo Expectación–Maximización Utilizando OpenCL
Authors: Insua-Suárez Ernesto , Fulgueira-Camilo Marlis , Henry-Fuenteseca Venus
Published: August 2016

Actualmente, las organizaciones y empresas almacenan grandes volúmenes de datos para lograr sus propósitos. Una de las variantes para obtener información valiosa consiste en el empleo de la Minería de datos. Dentro de esta, existen diferentes tareas, una de ellas es el agrupamiento. En esta tarea los datos se agrupan según sus semejanzas entre si y diferencias con elementos de otros grupos. Dentro de los algoritmos que realizan estos agrupamientos se encuentra Expectación-Maximización, el cual presenta elevados tiempos de ejecución en la medida que aumenta el tamaño de los datos. En el presente artículo se discute acerca de la paralelización del algoritmo, utilizando técnicas de programación paralela. El diseño del algoritmo propuesto se basa en el uso de las tarjetas de procesamiento gráfico, GPU. OpenCL, lenguaje empleado para la programación en arquitecturas híbridas, permite aprovechar las arquitecturas de hardware disponibles, con lo que se logra disminuir el tiempo de ejecución de la implementación realizada. La razón principal por lo cual es posible mejorar este tiempo se debe a la cantidad de procesos paralelos que se pueden lanzar en hilos de procesamientos independientes. Para el logro de los resultados descritos se integran conocimientos del campo de la Minería de datos y la Computación Paralela y Distribuida. Como parte de esta investigación, se realizó una implementación del algoritmo utilizando las bibliotecas de OpenCL, para disminuir su tiempo de ejecución. La implementación logra disminuir en un 82% la implementación secuencial. Esto significa que el algoritmo paralelo se ejecuta 5,5 veces más rápido que su correspondiente implementación secuencial.