bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Key Domains by Indian Physiotherapists in Low Back Pain Clinical Guidelines: A Narrative Review
Authors: Vaidya Shlesha , Limbasiya Rajiv , Champaneri Shraddha
Published: August 2024

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems in rest of the world which causes disability, work absenteeism, and use of medical services. The therapeutic management of acute as well as chronic LBP seems to vary substantially among medical specialists and physical therapists, but there is also considerable variation in the management of LBP between countries. This narrative review investigates an adherence to clinical practice guideline (CPG) for LBP among Indian physiotherapists regarding key domains. We identified studies by using the PubMed database in August 2022 using keywords “low back pain” and “Clinical Practice Guidelines.” Twenty-five articles were found and articles available on full text and study years between 2012 and 2022 were selected as inclusion criteria. Overall, physiotherapists are aware of CPGs and find it challenging to implement. Many studies showed an overall low adherence to the CPG, but adherence was best when LBP is associated with red flags. In public sector, physiotherapists were more likely to be strictly in line with the CPGs for assessing the psychosocial risk factors. Consideration of psychosocial parameters in treatment might have contributed to an increased awareness of strengths and weaknesses and a motivation to change routine practice in the management of patients with LBP.
An Effect of Amplification on Hearing Ability, Cognition, and Depression among Middle and Late Adulthood
Authors: Akshya P. , Balasubramani Varaprakash
Published: August 2024

Background: Age-related hearing loss in middle adulthood (MA) and late adulthood (LA) is a highly prevalent health condition. It will negatively impact on an individual’s cognitive, social, and psychological functions. An effect of amplification on hearing ability, cognition, and depression among MA and LA are sparse. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate an effect of amplification on hearing ability, cognition, and depression among middle and LA. Methods: A cohort study where 18 MA and 20 LA with hearing impairment aged 50–75 years was selected. Pure tone audiometry, Mini Mental State Examination, and geriatric depression scale were assessed pre and post 6 weeks of amplification. Parameters such as hearing thresholds, cognitive score, and depression level were measured. The statistical tests were used for analyzing the parameters within and across groups. Results: The result shows a significant difference (P < 0.05) with respect to hearing thresholds and cognitive scores within both the groups. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in right ear between both the groups. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was noted in the level of depression between both the groups. Conclusion: An evident difference in the hearing thresholds and cognitive scores were noted with respect to amplification in both the groups. Thus, it can be concluded that the amplification has a significant impact on an individual’s quality of life. It should be considered as an important factor during the management of hearing impairment among middle and late-adulthood.
Development of a Digital Health Application Prototype among Adult Asthma Patients
Authors:   Primary Care Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Miskan Maizatullifah , Shaharuddin Shazreen ,   Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Mohamad Amran Mohd Fahmi ,   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Defence Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Rahayu Syarifah Bahiyah ,   Department of Defence Science, Faculty of Defense Science and Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,   Department of Knowledge and Security Technology, Cyber Security and Digital Industrial Revolution Center, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Md Jamal Shamsuriani ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital Canselor Taunku Mukhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hashim Fakroul Ridzuan ,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ahmad Zaidi Nur ‘Adnin ,   Community Health and Military Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Dainil Muhammad Danial ,   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Defence Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease affecting more than 334 million people of all age groups globally. Although there are innumerable evidence-based guidelines and effective treatments for this disease, many patients with asthma still have uncontrolled symptoms. The effective control measures of chronic diseases primarily depend on the proper patient care in collaboration with healthcare providers. Currently, healthcare facilities are using the manual asthma action plan to customise each asthmatic patient to understand and manage asthma safely on their own. Thus, this article introduces a preliminary study of a digital health application prototype design based on the asthma action plan among adult asthma patients. The findings regarding the accessibility of this prototype among asthma patients will give a promising alternative tool to empower asthma patients to manage their asthma safely.
Enhancing Assessment towards Flexible Medical Education: A Deep Dive into Preclinical Short Answer Questions through Item Analysis
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Othman Azli Shahril , Idris Sara ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdul Latiff Atikah ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Ab Manan Norhafizah ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Omar Norfaizatul Shalida ,   Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Short answer questions (SAQs) and other forms of similarly structured examination methods are employed as evaluation tools to gauge the competency of medical students at various levels of study. However, item analyses for these questions have rarely been conducted. Evaluating the quality of examination questions through item analysis ensures that stakeholders, especially those undergoing learning in various flexible pathways in medical education, are provided with reliable and relevant assessments, promoting effective learning and competency development. In this study, we performed item analyses on SAQs by extracting the passing index (PI) and discrimination index (DI) for each sub-question. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, United States) and Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP) (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Twentyseven sub-questions from five SAQs were analysed. The DI of the sub-questions ranged from 0.043 to 0.935 with a mean of 0.449 ± 0.223, while the PI returned a range of 0.012 to 0.971 with a mean value of 0.597 ± 0.246. In conclusion, the SAQs administered during a professional examination of preclinical medical students exhibited an acceptable range and mix of PI and DI values. However, improvements must be made to the sub-questions that return poor PI and DI values.
Ativismo transnacional em tempos de crise nacional
Authors: Marques Teresa Cristina , Schmidt Arturi Carlos
Published: August 2024

O artigo analisa a campanha de oposição ao impeachment de 2016 de Rousseff nos Estados Unidos, a partir da abordagem relacional e multidimensional proposta pela teoria do confronto político e pela sociologia dos movimentos transnacionais. Buscou-se compreender quais condições permitiram que a campanha transnacional baseada em tal argumento evoluísse nesse país em um curto período de tempo. Para tanto, analisou-se qualitativamente entrevistas semiestruturadas com ativistas transnacionais. A pesquisa indica que o contexto de crise nacional motivou a transnacionalização da campanha, enquanto o acirramento do confronto político nos Estados Unidos ofereceu novas oportunidades de difusão e construção de redes ativistas.
Validation of Electrical Impedance Technique in Real-Time Using the xCELLigence as an Interference-Free Method for Assessing Cytotoxicity of Silver and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles
Authors: Veschi Ekeveliny , de Souza Wanderson , Nobre Myrella , Sias Fernanda , Gomes Bárbara , Roquett Beatriz , Müller Nathalia , Boldrini Leonardo , Sant'anna Celso , Granjeiro Jose Mauro
Published: August 2024

This study demonstrated the utility of real-time electrical impedance, utilizing the xCELLigence system to assess the cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) on A549 cells. Method validation confirmed the accuracy and reliability of cell index (CI) measurements. The NPs were thoroughly characterized to confirm their elemental composition, size, and morphology through energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Cytotoxicity assays revealed a concentration-dependent response. Exposure to AgNPs resulted in a significant change in CI, with a pronounced increase followed by a sharp decrease in the first few hours after treatment at the highest concentration of 50 μg mL–1. This pattern suggested an initial cell response to AgNPs exposure, possibly indicating mechanisms such as apoptosis or necrosis, followed by a decrease in cell adhesion. Conversely, HANPs demonstrated a tendency to restore CI at higher concentrations (1-100 μg mL–1) before 48 h, suggesting a potential recovery in cell proliferation capacity. This underscores the diverse cell responses to NPs, emphasizing the sensitivity of the method in detecting subtle cytotoxic effects. These findings highlight the efficacy of real-time electrical impedance in dynamic nanoparticle cytotoxicity assessments, surpassing traditional assays. Adapting to high-throughput screening enhances nanomaterial safety evaluations.
Antxerikueta, una nueva ocupación al aire libre en el embalse de Urrunaga (Álava): conjunto industrial lítico y arte mobiliar del Magdaleniense final
Authors: Fernández Eraso Javier , Ochoa Blanca , Sánchez Aitor , Urigoitia Tomás
Published: August 2024

En este trabajo se estudia y analiza un conjunto lítico y un canto compresor-percutor localizado en el embalse de Urrúnaga (Álava). El compresor, un canto calizo, presenta, en una de sus caras, el gabado de una línea cérvico-dorsal. El canto fue recuperado en superficie junto con un nutrido número de artefactos líticos tallados sobre sílex cuyo estudio tecno-tipológico, también presentado en este trabajo, lo encuadra, mayoritariamente, en momentos finales del Paleolítico superior.
Synthesizing vulnerability indices within a diverse lithological context: Corollaries for groundwater quality assurance and surface layer corrosiveness of Lokoja Geomaterials, Nigeria
Authors: Ayua Kuma Joshua , Alimi Gabriel Imoleayo , Bamigbaiye Faith Funmi , Akbar Arya J.
Published: August 2024

This study provides prototypical evaluation of groundwater vulnerability to contamination and soil corrosivity in the Lokoja region, central Nigeria. By combining the aquifer vulnerability index, integrated electrical conductivity, groundwater confinement overlying strata depth to water table (GOD), and electrical anisotropy coefficient (λ) derived from lithological composition, resistivity, and layer thickness, the study identifies substantial vulnerabilities in the groundwater resources. Findings indicate that over 70% of the region is moderately to very highly vulnerable to groundwater pollution, especially in the eastern and southern parts, highlighting the need for tailored groundwater management strategies in highly vulnerable areas, covering 40% of the region. Corrosion potential varies spatially, with 80% of the upper layer being minimally corrosive and around 45% of the lower moisture-rich layer showing moderate to significant corrosiveness, emphasizing risks in central and northern zones associated with lithological compositions and moisture content. These accentuate the necessity of rigorous monitoring programs and strict land use regulations to protect aquifers and infrastructure. This research underscores the value of proactive management for safeguarding groundwater resources, providing an invaluable framework for decision-making and resource allocation to tackle contamination and corrosion risks. Importantly, the research addresses a significant research gap in a region with limited scientific exploration.
Sewage sludge management and enhanced energy recovery using anaerobic digestion: an insight
Authors: Pratap Vinay , Kumar Sunil , Yadav Bholu Ram
Published: August 2024

Sewage sludge (SS) is a potential source of bioenergy, yet its management is a global concern. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is applied to effectively valorize SS by reclaiming energy in the form of methane. However, the complex floc structure of SS hinders hydrolysis during AD process, thus resulting in lower process efficiency. To overcome the rate-limiting hydrolysis, various pre-treatment methods have been developed to enhance AD efficiency. This review aims to provide insights into recent advancements in pre-treatment technologies, including mechanical, chemical, thermal, and biological methods. Each technology was critically evaluated and compared, and its relative worth was summarized based on full-scale applicability, along with economic benefits, AD performance improvements, and impact on digested sludge. The paper illuminates the readers about existing research gaps, and the future research needed for successful implementation of these approaches at full scale.
Assessment of water quality in wells and springs across various districts of Taza City, Morocco
Authors: Ben Abbou Mohamed , Bougarne Loubna , Mehdaoui Imane , Mahmoud Rachid , Majbar Zineb , Berrada Sanae , Rais Zakia , El Haji Mounia
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to assess groundwater pollution in the city of Taza, Morocco. This was accomplished through hydrochemical and biological investigations, focusing on analyzing the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of groundwater. Water samples were collected from wells and sources within Taza City on a monthly basis during the spring and summer of 2023. These samples were subjected to analysis to identify physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics. The findings revealed multiple contaminations, primarily stemming from two sources: significant microbial pollution observed in 100% of samples due to runoff percolation and discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater, and varying degrees of chemical pollution observed across all samples. The results underscored deviations from national standards, notably in parameters such as dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and nitrite concentrations. These parameters exhibited values either lower or higher than the established norm.
Corrigendum to: Super-resolution based Nodule Localization in ThyroidUltrasound Images through Deep Learning
Authors: Li Jing , Guo Qiang , Peng Shiyi , Tan Xingli
Published: August 2024

The funding details have been incorporated upon author’s
request in the funding section of this articles entitled “Superresolution
based Nodule Localization in Thyroid Ultrasound
Images through Deep Learning,” 2024, 20, e15734056269264
[1].

The original article can be found online at:
https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/140408

Details of the error and a correction are provided here.

Original:

FUNDING

None.

Corrected:

FUNDING

This research is funded by the research project of Qingpu
Branch of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with the Fudan
University (Project Number: QYM2022-09) and the research
project of Qingpu District Health Commission (Project
Number: QWJ2023-19)
Analysis of Caffeine Content of Liberica Coffee (Coffea liberica) with Variations of Roasting Methods at Kalipuro Research Center, Banyuwangi District
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Almayda Nabila , Najih Riyan Riyadlun ,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Kembang Galengan Research Center
Published: August 2024

The roasting process is one of the keys in the coffee production stage. Roasting affects the quality of coffee in terms of organoleptic characteristics.This study aims to analyze the chemical content of liberica coffee. The research was carried out at the Kalipuro Research Institute (Kembang Galengan) using two types of roasting methods, namely conventional and modern (machine-roasted). Testing of liberica coffee samples by analyzing water content, ash content, acidity levels (pH), and caffeine. The results showed that modern coffee roasting produces a water content of 4%, ash content of 5.1%, acidity (pH) of 4.7, and caffeine content of 0.47%. Meanwhile, conventional roasting produces a water content of 2.5%, ash content of 4.9%, acidity (pH) of 4.7%, and caffeine content of 0.28%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that all categories of liberica coffee processed conventionally and modernly (machine-roasted) at the Kalipuro Research and Development Center qualify for SNI standards.
Sensory Characteristics of Robusta Wine Coffee (Coffea canephora L.) Seklotok with Different Fermentation Time
Authors:   Universitas PGRI Semarang, Setianingsih Annisa , Nurdyansyah Fafa ,   Universitas PGRI Semarang, Muflihati Iffah ,   Universitas PGRI Semarang, Maligan Jaya Mahar ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: August 2024

Robusta coffee is the most widely produced type of coffee in Indonesia. About 87.1% of the total Robusta coffee production comes from Indonesia. However, not all types of Robusta coffee are included in the specialty coffee class. One of them is Seklotok robusta coffee with a natural process. It is necessary to do post-harvest processing that can improve the quality and taste of coffee. The wine process is one of the post-harvest coffee processes that can improve the taste because this process uses fermentation, which removes the slime layer and bitter taste and produces a mild impression on the coffee taste. This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of fermentation time on the sensory characteristics of Seklotok robusta wine coffee. Seklotok robusta coffee is fermented for 20 days, 30 days, and 40 days. Then, do the roasting and grinding. The results showed that Seklotok robusta wine coffee had a cupping score of 81.94–82.78. Fermentation treatment can improve the sensory characteristics of Seklotok robusta wine coffee so that it can be categorized as a specialty coffee.
Caffeine Extraction from Sarawak Liberica Coffee
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Li Qi Bryan Voon , Nillian Elexson ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Published: August 2024

Liberica coffee is a minor coffee species that is cultivated all around the world. There are only a few studies conducted on this coffee species as it only occupies one percent of coffee plantations all around the world. There has yet to be a research study in Malaysia focusing on the caffeine content, the total phenolic content (TPC), and the flavonoid content (TFC) of the liberica sp. coffee mainly cultivated in Sarawak, Malaysia. Thus, in this research, Sarawak liberica sp. coffee was extracted using Soxhlet extractor using ethanol as solvent. The extracted sample was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify the caffeine concentration in the sample. Colorimetric assays for phenolic compounds and flavonoids were also performed to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and the flavonoid content (TFC). As a result, the dry basis of caffeine (w/w) in the extracted sample is 5.404%. In contrast, the total phenolic content of extracted products is 89.472 mg GAE/g of coffee beans, and the total flavonoid content of the extracted products is 308.19 mg quercetin/g of coffee beans. This research will further contribute knowledge for future Sarawak liberica sp. coffee studies.
Kansrijke kustbescherming
Authors: Dolfen Elke , De Mey Jonathan , Windey Mieke
Published: August 2024

De beslissingen van vandaag hebben impact op de ruimte van morgen. Dat is bij Kustvisie, de Vlaamse langetermijnvisie om de zeespiegelstijging op te vangen, niet anders. Bouwen aan kansrijke kustbescherming is bouwen aan ‘collectieve intelligentie’. Het versterken van het collectieve vermogen tot handelen is daarin de cruciale stap naar een veerkrachtige toekomst.
Voor wie waait de zeewind?
Authors: van Dooren Korneel
Published: August 2024

Offshore windenergie is het enige lichtpuntje in het verder teleurstellende Belgische antwoord op de energie-en klimaat uitdaging. Atypische sociaalruimtelijke relaties waarbij lokale actoren een prominente rol innemen liggen mee aan de grondslag van dit succes. Kunnen zij zich handhaven of worden ze opgeslokt in de maalstroom van de geglobaliseerde energiemarkt?
Mariene ruimtelijke planning
Authors: de Vries Jort , Kusters Juul
Published: August 2024

Ondanks de ogenschijnlijke leegte is de Noordzee in werkelijkheid een van drukst gebruikte zeeën ter wereld, met een breed scala aan activiteiten: van scheepvaart, visserij en energie tot militaire oefengebieden, recreatie en toerisme. Mariene ruimtelijke planning helpt structuur aan te brengen in deze wirwar van activiteiten.
Evaluation of the professional development stake model for geography teachers in Jambi city
Authors: Nurhidayanti Mega , Nursa’ban Muhammad  , Isa Nor Kalsum Mohd
Published: August 2024

The research aims to assess the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) of geography teachers, addressing: 1) the CPD profile at each level of the stake evaluation model and 2) recommendations based on the Minister of State Regulation Utilization of State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reform Number 16 of 2009, regarding the Teacher's Functional Department and Credit Score Article 11, which mandates teachers to engage in self-development activities, scientific publications, and innovative works over the past 10 years (2012-2022). The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach utilizing the Stake Model Evaluation, covering the antecedent (planning), transaction (process), and outcomes (results) levels. Primary data collection involves questionnaires supplemented by observations, interviews, and documentation as needed. Data analysis utilizes a percentage approach at each level. Research respondents, selected through disproportionate Random Sampling, include 19 schools in Jambi City, comprising a total of 32 Geography Teachers. Data presentation follows a quantitative descriptive approach. The research findings indicate that: 1) the CPD profile of geography teachers at the antecedent (planning) level is in the good category (79%), the transaction (process) level is also in the good category (84%), while the outcomes (results) level is in the less category (13%). 2) Recommendations at the antecedent level include engaging in enrichment activities. Transaction-level recommendations suggest improving digital skills and supplementing infrastructure facilities with CPD-related books. Outcome-level recommendations propose that the Education Department implement continuous teacher construction. Schools are encouraged to manage teacher's academic qualifications. Geography teachers are urged to contribute to educational works.
Beyond Step Count: Are We Ready to Use Digital Phenotyping to Make Actionable Individual Predictions in Psychiatry?
Authors: Ortiz Abigail , Mulsant Benoit H
Published: August 2024

Some models for mental disorders or behaviors (eg, suicide) have been successfully developed, allowing predictions at the population level. However, current demographic and clinical variables are neither sensitive nor specific enough for making individual actionable clinical predictions.
A major hope of the “Decade of the Brain” was that biological measures (biomarkers) would solve these issues and lead to precision psychiatry. However, as models are based on sociodemographic and clinical data, even when these biomarkers differ significantly between groups of patients and control participants, they are still neither sensitive nor specific enough to be applied to individual patients.
Technological advances over the past decade offer a promising approach based on new measures that may be essential for understanding mental disorders and predicting their trajectories. Several new tools allow us to continuously monitor objective behavioral measures (eg, hours of sleep) and densely sample subjective measures (eg, mood). The promise of this approach, referred to as digital phenotyping, was recognized almost a decade ago, with its potential impact on psychiatry being compared to the impact of the microscope on biological sciences. However, despite the intuitive belief that collecting densely sampled data (big data) improves clinical outcomes, recent clinical trials have not shown that incorporating digital phenotyping improves clinical outcomes.
This viewpoint provides a stepwise development and implementation approach, similar to the one that has been successful in the prediction and prevention of cardiovascular disease, to achieve clinically actionable predictions in psychiatry.
Using Wearables to Study Biopsychosocial Dynamics in Couples Who Cope With a Chronic Health Condition: Ambulatory Assessment Study (Preprint)
Authors: Pauly Theresa , Lüscher Janina , Wilhelm Lea Olivia , Amrein Melanie Alexandra , Boateng George , Kowatsch Tobias , Fleisch Elgar , Bodenmann Guy , Scholz Urte
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Technology has become an integral part of our everyday life, and its use to manage and study health is no exception. Romantic partners play a critical role in managing chronic health conditions as they tend to be a primary source of support.

OBJECTIVE

This study tests the feasibility of using commercial wearables to monitor couples’ unique way of communicating and supporting each other and documents the physiological correlates of interpersonal dynamics (ie, heart rate linkage).

METHODS

We analyzed 617 audio recordings of 5-minute duration (384 with concurrent heart rate data) and 527 brief self-reports collected from 11 couples in which 1 partner had type II diabetes during the course of their typical daily lives. Audio data were coded by trained raters for social support. The extent to which heart rate fluctuations were linked among couples was quantified using cross-correlations. Random-intercept multilevel models explored whether cross-correlations might differ by social contexts and exchanges.

RESULTS

Sixty percent of audio recordings captured speech between partners and partners reported personal contact with each other in 75% of self-reports. Based on the coding, social support was found in 6% of recordings, whereas at least 1 partner self-reported social support about half the time (53%). Couples, on average, showed small to moderate interconnections in their heart rate fluctuations (r=0.04-0.22). Couples also varied in the extent to which there was lagged linkage, that is, meaning that changes in one partner’s heart rate tended to precede changes in the other partner’s heart rate. Exploratory analyses showed that heart rate linkage was stronger (1) in rater-coded partner conversations (vs moments of no rater-coded partner conversations: rdiff=0.13; P=.03), (2) when partners self-reported interpersonal contact (vs moments of no self-reported interpersonal contact: rdiff=0.20; P<.001), and (3) when partners self-reported social support exchanges (vs moments of no self-reported social support exchange: rdiff=0.15; P=.004).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides initial evidence for the utility of using wearables to collect biopsychosocial data in couples managing a chronic health condition in daily life. Specifically, heart rate linkage might play a role in fostering chronic disease management as a couple. Insights from collecting such data could inform future technology interventions to promote healthy lifestyle engagement and adaptive chronic disease management.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/13685
An Effective Deep Learning Framework for Fall Detection: Model Development and Study Design (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Jinxi , Li Zhen , Liu Yu , Li Jian , Qiu Hualong , Li Mohan , Hou Guohui , Zhou Zhixiong
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Fall detection is of great significance in safeguarding human health. By monitoring the motion data, a fall detection system (FDS) can detect a fall accident. Recently, wearable sensors–based FDSs have become the mainstream of research, which can be categorized into threshold-based FDSs using experience, machine learning–based FDSs using manual feature extraction, and deep learning (DL)–based FDSs using automatic feature extraction. However, most FDSs focus on the global information of sensor data, neglecting the fact that different segments of the data contribute variably to fall detection. This shortcoming makes it challenging for FDSs to accurately distinguish between similar human motion patterns of actual falls and fall-like actions, leading to a decrease in detection accuracy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop and validate a DL framework to accurately detect falls using acceleration and gyroscope data from wearable sensors. We aim to explore the essential contributing features extracted from sensor data to distinguish falls from activities of daily life. The significance of this study lies in reforming the FDS by designing a weighted feature representation using DL methods to effectively differentiate between fall events and fall-like activities.

METHODS

Based on the 3-axis acceleration and gyroscope data, we proposed a new DL architecture, the dual-stream convolutional neural network self-attention (DSCS) model. Unlike previous studies, the used architecture can extract global feature information from acceleration and gyroscope data. Additionally, we incorporated a self-attention module to assign different weights to the original feature vector, enabling the model to learn the contribution effect of the sensor data and enhance classification accuracy. The proposed model was trained and tested on 2 public data sets: SisFall and MobiFall. In addition, 10 participants were recruited to carry out practical validation of the DSCS model. A total of 1700 trials were performed to test the generalization ability of the model.

RESULTS

The fall detection accuracy of the DSCS model was 99.32% (recall=99.15%; precision=98.58%) and 99.65% (recall=100%; precision=98.39%) on the test sets of SisFall and MobiFall, respectively. In the ablation experiment, we compared the DSCS model with state-of-the-art machine learning and DL models. On the SisFall data set, the DSCS model achieved the second-best accuracy; on the MobiFall data set, the DSCS model achieved the best accuracy, recall, and precision. In practical validation, the accuracy of the DSCS model was 96.41% (recall=95.12%; specificity=97.55%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that the DSCS model can significantly improve the accuracy of fall detection on 2 publicly available data sets and performs robustly in practical validation.
Beyond Step Count: Are We Ready to Use Digital Phenotyping to Make Actionable Individual Predictions in Psychiatry? (Preprint)
Authors: Ortiz Abigail , Mulsant Benoit H
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Some models for mental disorders or behaviors (eg, suicide) have been successfully developed, allowing predictions at the population level. However, current demographic and clinical variables are neither sensitive nor specific enough for making individual actionable clinical predictions.
A major hope of the “Decade of the Brain” was that biological measures (biomarkers) would solve these issues and lead to precision psychiatry. However, as models are based on sociodemographic and clinical data, even when these biomarkers differ significantly between groups of patients and control participants, they are still neither sensitive nor specific enough to be applied to individual patients.
Technological advances over the past decade offer a promising approach based on new measures that may be essential for understanding mental disorders and predicting their trajectories. Several new tools allow us to continuously monitor objective behavioral measures (eg, hours of sleep) and densely sample subjective measures (eg, mood). The promise of this approach, referred to as digital phenotyping, was recognized almost a decade ago, with its potential impact on psychiatry being compared to the impact of the microscope on biological sciences. However, despite the intuitive belief that collecting densely sampled data (big data) improves clinical outcomes, recent clinical trials have not shown that incorporating digital phenotyping improves clinical outcomes.
This viewpoint provides a stepwise development and implementation approach, similar to the one that has been successful in the prediction and prevention of cardiovascular disease, to achieve clinically actionable predictions in psychiatry.
Bacterial contamination of tomatoes sellers in eight traditional markets of Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Laili Nikmatul , Suswati Enny , Abrori Cholis , Mufida Diana Chusna , Hermansyah Bagus , Putri Elvia Rahmi Marga
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Foodborne diseases are a significant threat to public health and is often associated with pathogenic microorganisms entering the body due to consuming contaminated food. One of the factors causing foodborne diseases was the contamination of pathogenic bacteria in vegetables consumed raw, one of which is tomatoes. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between traders' personal hygiene behavior and bacterial contamination of tomatoes in the traditional Jember Regency market.
Methods: This study used analytical observational research with a cross-sectional research design, conducted in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember. The large sample size of this study was 40 traders. Personal hygiene behavior of traders was obtained from direct observation with observation sheets in eight selected traditional markets in Jember Regency.
Results: Tomato samples were contaminated with bacteria with the highest bacterial colony >2.5 x 108 CFU/g and the lowest 4.6 x 105 CFU/g. The types of bacteria found in this study were Vibrio parahaemolyticus (15%), Shigella sp. (62.5%), Salmonella sp. (72.5%), Vibrio cholerae (82.5%), Escherichia coli (90%), and Staphylococcus aureus (92.5%). The bivariate test results showed no significant correlation between personal hygiene, sanitation, supporting facilities, and traders' characteristics with bacterial contamination of tomatoes sold in eight Jember traditional markets.
Conclusion: This study concludes that there is no significant correlation between traders' personal hygiene behavior and bacterial contamination in tomatoes sold in eight traditional markets of Jember Regency. Consumers should wash tomatoes well or process them first before consumption.
The effectiveness between of yoga and birth ball in reducing labor pain: a systematic review
Authors: Hartati Devi , Jannah Bayti , Sulasdi Nur Ain Desta , Sinaga Sri Putriani , Sulistyaningsih  , Hafidz Firdaus
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Identify the effectiveness between Yoga and birth ball in decreasing labor pain intensity.
Methods: This study used a systematic review design with the PRISMA-SR checklist. This systematic review referred to three steps, namely, (1) search strategy, (2) selection criteria, and (3) data extraction and quality assessment. The article search used 2 databases: ScienceDirect and Pubmed and ResearchRabbit.
Results: Of 14 articles, 7 discuss Yoga's effectiveness in diminishing labor pain, and another 7 discuss birthing balls' efficacy in alleviating labor pain. Yoga and birth balls effectively reduce childbirth pain intensity.
Conclusion: Besides, a combination of Yoga and birth ball or a combination of birth balls and counterpressure or free position when entering childbirth reduces labor pain. Yoga could also be combined with back massage, aromatherapy, or hypnosis. Future studies are expected to analyze the level of effectiveness between birthing balls and Yoga in reducing labor pain intensity in both developing and developed countries.
Nutritional Status, Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Physical Activity Level in Male and Female College Students Living in Dormitory
Authors: Wicaksari Sifa Aulia , Chandra Dian Novita , Khusun Helda , Sunardi Diana
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The global prevalence of obesity is on the rise, including in Indonesia. High energy intake from sugar is a growing concern worldwide due to its association with weight gain, tooth decay, and non-communicable diseases. A prior study revealed that 10.9% of Indonesian adults consumed energy from sweetened beverages in excess of the WHO recommendation. This study aimed to assess the consumption of sweetened beverages in male and female college students in Indonesia. Method: The study was conducted at Universitas Indonesia and involved 107 subjects aged 19-21 years who resided in student dormitories. Result: The result found the median BMI in female was higher than male. In female, 3 out of 10 students was overweight-obese, while 1 out of 10 in male. Interestingly, the median daily intake of sweetened beverages significantly higher in male than female; 387 (25–1580) vs 246 (0–762) ml/day (p=0.001). Added sugar content in beverages in males was higher than half of Indonesian recommendation (28.4 [1.9–134.4] vs 19.2 [0–61.1]) which contributed to energy as much as 170.9 (12.4–625.7) kcal/ day or about 8.9% of total energy intake than female (108.5 [0–394.4] kcal/day). Compared to Indonesian guideline, 12% of male subjects consumed added sugar higher than 50 g/day. Simultaneously, 7 out of 10 subjects consumed energy from sweetened beverages higher than 10% of their total energy intake (WHO recommendation). The BMI and prevalence of overweight-obese were higher in female, while the sweetened beverage was higher in male. It might be caused by the physical activity in male was higher than female. Although male had higher energy intake from SSB, their energy output through physical activity balanced with energy input. Conclusion: These finding alerted the university as educational institution should take an action to prevent this issue since the prevalence of overweight-obesity and sweetened beverage consumption has occurred in young age.
Minyak Zaitun dan Kunyit untuk Mengurangi Gatal pada Pasien Hemodialisis: Studi Kasus
Authors: Kurniawati Rizka Yudhit , Triyanto Arifin , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: August 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible renal dysfunction, where the kidneys fail to function properly, lead to the body’s inability to maintain metabolism and fluid-electrolyte balance. More than half of end-stage CKD patients exhibit pruritus-related issues. Pruritus (itchiness) can result in redness, lesions, sleep disturbances, fatigue, depression, decreased quality of life, and even death. Therefore, a proper management is necessary to reduce pruritus complaints.Objective: To confirm the benefit of olive oil and turmeric in alleviating pruritus.Case report: A patient, 63 years old, had been undergoing hemodialysis since 2021 and had complained of itchiness 1 month after hemodialysis sessions. For three months, the patient applied a mixture of olive oil and turmeric powder on the area where the itchiness were felt, in the frequency of once every 1-2 days at night.Outcome: The intensity of itching had decreased from scale of 7 to 4, provided more comfort and improved sleep quality. Both olive oil and turmeric powder had anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that reduced pruritus complaints.Conclusion: The combination of these two ingredients can be considered as one therapy option to alleviate pruritus complaints in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.INTISARILatar belakang: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) merupakan gangguan fungsi renal yang progresif dan irreversible sehingga tubuh gagal untuk mempertahankan metabolisme dan keseimbangan cairan elektrolit. Lebih dari setengah pasien CKD tahap akhir menunjukkan masalah pruritus (gatal). Pruritus dapat mengakibatkan kemerahan, lesi, gangguan tidur, kelelahan, depresi, penurunan kualitas hidup, bahkan kematian. Oleh karena itu, perlu penanganan untuk mengurangi keluhan pruritus. Tujuan: Mengetahui manfaat minyak zaitun dan kunyit terhadap pruritus pada pasien dengan CKD. Laporan kasus: Seorang pasien usia 63 tahun, menjalani hemodialisis sejak 2021 dan mengeluhkan pruritus (gatal) sejak 1 bulan menjalani hemodialisis. Selama tiga bulan pasien mengoleskan campuran minyak zaitun dan bubuk kunyit pada bagian tubuh yang terasa gatal, dengan frekuensi 1-2 hari sekali pada malam hari.Hasil: Intensitas gatal berkurang dari skala 7 ke 4, lebih nyaman dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas tidur. Minyak zaitun dan bubuk kunyit memiliki efek antiinflamasi dan antioksidan yang berperan dalam mengurangi keluhan gatal. Simpulan: Campuran kedua bahan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu terapi untuk mengurangi keluhan pruritus pada pasien CKD yang menjalani hemodialisis.Kata kunci: hemodialisis; kunyit; minyak zaitun; pruritus
New Media in China and Kazakhstan: The Information Agenda in the Context of Modernization
Authors: Sun Yuting , Mukhtar Lazzat
Published: August 2024

Agenda-setting is a theory that examines the reconfiguration of the mass environment. Since 1968, when American communication scholars McCombs and Shaw began to systematically study the agenda-setting effect of mass communication, scholars around the world have conducted in-depth discussions on the topic and developed a number of theoretical hypotheses, including "attribute agenda-setting," "agenda fusion," "agenda setting by attributes," "agenda fusion," and "agenda setting by affiliated networks." To date, the concept of "agenda setting" remains a significant area of interest for scholars engaged in the study of public opinion.
National Literature Education in Scottish Universities during the Renaissance Period
Authors: Zhang Xiajun
Published: August 2024

During the Renaissance period, Scottish universities made significant achievements in the field of national literature education. This paper first reviews the origins and development of Scottish universities, exploring the educational philosophies of the Renaissance, particularly the impact of humanism on education. It then analyzes the curriculum and teaching methods of literary education in Scottish universities, and examines the status of national literature within these institutions by introducing key writers and works of the period. The paper further elaborates on the specific measures, achievements, and challenges faced in the implementation of national literature education at Scottish universities. Finally, it summarizes the influence of Renaissance-era Scottish university literature education on modern literary education and proposes insights for contemporary educational reform. This study aims to provide valuable experiences and references for modern education through the examination of national literature education at Scottish universities.
Competitive Strategies and Market Positions of Global Automotive Giants: Toyota, Tesla, and BMW
Authors: Hong Jiahuan
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the competitive strategies and market positions of three global automotive giants—Toyota, Tesla, and BMW. Using Porter’s Five Forces Model, it delves into the strategies these companies employ in brand development, product innovation, and global market expansion. BMW maintains its competitiveness in the luxury car market through strong brand equity and premium positioning. Toyota achieves economies of scale and a robust global presence through operational efficiency and broad market appeal. Tesla leverages its innovative capabilities and early mover advantage in the electric vehicle (EV) market to solidify its market position. Additionally, the article explores how each company addresses buyer bargaining power, supplier bargaining power, threat of substitutes, and threat of new entrants.
Trabajo de creatividad en las asimetrías científicas. El caso de las enfermedades emergentes en Yucatán
Authors: Guzmán Tovar César
Published: August 2024

El estudio de las enfermedades emergentes se ha desarrollado durante varias décadas en Yucatán (México). La biología, la entomología, la virología, la inmunología, la medicina y otras disciplinas han construido una tradición sobre esta problemática en la región; sin embargo, la trayectoria de este campo de conocimiento ha estado influenciada por las agendas científicas de regiones centrales en la producción científica(Estados Unidos y Europa occidental, principalmente). Este artículo analiza la relación entre centros y periferias destacando las asimetrías allí presentes y el trabajo de creatividad que desarrollan los científicos de Yucatán para resistirlas. Se concluye que las prácticas científicas de los investigadores e investigadoras en Yucatán responden a agendas globales, pero a la vez producen puntos de quiebre gracias a una dimensión creativa en la construcción del conocimiento.
Condiciones laborales y emociones reflexivas: la formación del movimiento docente #LaUNAMnoPaga
Authors: Ortega Erreguerena Joel , Pineda César Enríque
Published: August 2024

En 2021, profesoras y profesores universitarios de varios planteles de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Unam) desarrollaron una serie de acciones colectivas para exigir el pago de salarios atrasados y un mejor trato: impulsaron el movimiento #LaUNAMnoPaga. En este estudio indagamos sobre las condiciones laborales del personal docente de asignatura de la Unam y sobre la forma en que las experimentaron, hasta llegar a la acción colectiva. Pensamos que las emociones y el proceso subjetivo son aspectos fundamentales en la formación de las identidades políticas; para conocer esas emociones, aplicamos una encuesta en tres entidades académicas: la Facultad de Ciencias, la Facultad de Economía y la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales.
En el estudio exponemos las relaciones laborales de una estructura compleja, en el que la eventualidad y la incertidumbre caracterizan la vida laboral de la mayoría de los profesores.
Después estudiamos cómo estas condiciones son experimentadas con malestar y preocupación. Finalmente, analizamos cómo ese malestar individual se transformó en una acción colectiva con emociones como la indignación y la solidaridad.

Agradecemos a Citalli Hernández Saad por su apoyo para la realización de la “Encuesta sobre condiciones laborales y participación política”