bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reaproveitamento do resíduo da madeira de eucalipto (RME) para a produção de energia sustentável.
Authors: Silva Sabrina Pereira da , Akasaki Jorge Luis , Sanches Alex Otávio
Published: January 2020

As pesquisas relacionadas a utilização de materiais sustentáveis na geração de energia limpa têm sido largamente difundidas em escala global. Com o aumento crescente na utilização de combustíveis fósseis como principal fonte produtora de energia, para as mais diversas finalidades exercidas pelo homem, tem-se a necessidade de se buscar outros materiais, principalmente os renováveis, para suprir a demanda de energia de maneira sustentável e economicamente viável. Neste cenário, tem-se a biomassa como excelente alternativa. A utilização da biomassa madeireira nas mais diversas formas gera um resíduo denominado de cinzas ou fuligem e, devido ao aumento no uso da bioenergia, também houve o aumento significativo no volume de cinzas oriundos deste biocombustível. Desta forma, tem-se como grande desafio a gestão destes materiais seja no reaproveitamento, armazenamento e descarte adequado do mesmo. Com a proposta de se utilizar novas alternativas para a geração de energia limpa, este projeto visa estudar a viabilidade de se usar o resíduo da madeira de eucalipto (RME) como biocombustível sólido (briquetes) gerando, por sua vez, energia sustentável e economicamente viável. Para isto, foram feitas as caracterizações físico-química deste material no que tange a difração de raio-x (DRX), termogravimetria (TG/DTG) e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), bem como foi determinado empiricamente o melhor traço destes biocombustíveis sólidos.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Energia. Renováveis. Biomassa.
Streaking and Isolating Bacteria on an LB Agar Plate v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: January 2020

This protocol describes how to streak and isolate (single colony) bacteria on an LB agar plate. To see the full abstract and additional resources, please visit https://www.addgene.org/protocols/streak-plate/. Sample Data
DNA Quantification v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: January 2020

This protocol is for DNA quantification. To see the full abstract and additional resources, please visit https://www.addgene.org/protocols/dna-quantification/.
How to Design a Primer v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: January 2020

This protocol describes how to design a primer. To see the full abstract and additional resources, visit https://www.addgene.org/protocols/primer-design/.
Over-Agar Antibiotic Plating v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: January 2020

This protocol is for over-agar antibiotic plating. To see the full abstract and additional resources, visit https://www.addgene.org/protocols/over-agar-antibiotic-plating/ Sample Data: Selection of E.coli on LB-agar using different concentrations of carbenicillin plated over-agar. Control Plate with No Carbenicillin Plate shows a lawn of E. coli and no selection. 150 µL of 0.1 mg/mL Carbenicillin plated over-agar Plate shows a lawn of E. coli and no apparent selection. 150 µL of 1 mg/mL Carbenicillin plated over-agar Plate shows several individual colonies and effective selection. 150 µL of 2 mg/mL Carbenicillin plated over-agar Plate shows less individual colonies than the 1 mg/mL plate and effective selection. 150 µL of 4 mg/mL Carbenicillin plated over-agar Plate shows several individual colonies with smaller size than the 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL plates and effective selection. Selection Curve of Transformed E. coli after Over-Agar Plating of Carbenicillin. The above graph displays the stock concentration of Carbenicillin stock used (150 µL per plate). Please note we have found that there is generally a broad range of antibiotic concentrations that will work for this assay, and the above result represents a single experiment. For publishable data, the experiment would need to be repeated to account for variability.
Inoculating a Liquid Bacterial Culture v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: January 2020

This protocol is for inoculating a liquid bacterial culture. To see the full abstract and additional resources, visit https://www.addgene.org/protocols/inoculate-bacterial-culture/.
Treatment of infantile spasms in resource limited settings: Arandomized controlled trial
Authors: Sardar Huda , Khan Ashfa Ameer , Sultan Tipu
Published: January 2020

Objective: To compare the outcome of ACTH with oral prednisolone for treatment of infantile spasms. Methodology: This is a randomized controlled trial conducted at department of paediatric neurology, The Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan after ethical approval from January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2017. (Four years). Seventy patients with infantile spasms were randomized in two equal groups of 35 patients in each group. Patients in group A received prednisolone and in group B received ACTH. The two groups were compared for the spasms free period.  Statistical significant determined by chi-square test (p< 0.05 was taken as significant). Non-probability purposive sampling was used and an inclusion criterion was children up to age of one year with infantile spasms. Exclusion criteria include children who had been previously treated with steroids or ACTH. Seventy patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled through neurology department of Children Hospital, Lahore. History, informed consent was taken by parents and was divided in two groups by lottery method. All the information was collected on a specially designed proforma. Results: In group A, 29 (83%) patients were spasms free, while in group B, 31 (88%) patients were spasms free. Conclusion: Significant number of patients with IS were spasms free with prednisolone which is very cost effective drug as compared to ACTH. Developing counties should considered this treatment option as a first line therapy. Key words: Epilepsy, ACTH, Prednisolone, Infantile spasms, Hypsarthymia.
La nueva política como anunciantes en la Derecha Española: VOX y las elecciones de 2018 y 2019
Authors: García Herrero Francisco Javier
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo se ha intentado identificar e interpretar la utilización de todos los medios utilizados por parte del partido de derecha extrema VOX para hacer llegar su mensaje a sus públicos. En este caso se hará una división entre medios clásicos y nuevos medios, prestando especial atención a la utilización de las redes sociales, e identificando los públicos objetivos a los que se ha dirigido. Se analizará los resultados alcanzados y se buscará las causas comunicacionales que hayan podido incidir en los mismos. Toda la investigación esa enclavada espacio – temporalmente a España en los años 2018 y 2019.
Deficiency in superoxide dismutases shortens life span of yeast cells.
Authors: Wawryn J , Krzepiłko A , Myszka A , Biliński T
Published: January 2020

Deficiencies in superoxide dismutases (Cu,ZnSOD or Mn-SOD) strongly shorten the life span of yeast cells. The effects of these deficiencies are additive. In contrast, deficiencies in catalases do not influence life span. Our results confirm that free radical processes may be involved in aging.
Lack of squamous cell lung carcinoma in vitro chemosensitivity to various drug regimens in the adenosine triphosphate cell viability chemosensitivity assay.
Authors: Vogt U , Striehn E , Bosse U , Klinke F , Falkiewicz B
Published: January 2020

A pilot study on squamous cell lung carcinoma (LC) chemosensitivity in adenosine triphosphate cell viability chemosensitivity assay (ATP-CVA) was performed. Besides the histological investigation, a modified ATP-CVA was used for the analysis of cancer cell chemosensitivity to four drug regimens, including topotecan, a promising agent for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) chemotherapy. Results of in vitro chemosensitivity testing showed chemoresistance or only weak response in the predominant amount of tumors.
Glycosylation defects corrected by the changes in GDPmannose level.
Authors: Kruszewska J , Janik A , Lenart U , Palamarczyk G
Published: January 2020

GDPMan is a key substrate in glycoprotein formation. This is especially true for lower eukaryotes where, in addition to the involvement in N-glycan biosynthesis and GPI-anchor formation, GDPMan takes part in the process which is unique for yeast and fungi i.e. O-mannosylation. Several lines of evidence have been presented that the level of GDPMan affects the process occurring in the Golgi compartment i.e. the elongation of outer mannose chain of glycoproteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Results from our laboratory indicate that the availability of GDPMan affects also the early steps of glycoprotein formation ascribed to the endoplasmic reticulum, i.e. assembly of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide as well as mannosyl-phosphodolichol (MPD) formation. The biochemical basis of carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome, a severe neurological disorder related to the GDPMan deficiency, is also discussed.
Nonsymbiotic haemoglobins in plants.
Authors: Sowa A W , Guy P A , Sowa S , Hill R D
Published: January 2020

General aspects regarding the presence of nonsymbiotic haemoglobin in plants are presented with the emphasis on those related to its function. As it becomes apparent that the nonsymbiotic haemoglobins are widespread across the plant kingdom and that they represent a more primitive and evolutionary older form of the plant globin genes, the question of their function becomes more attractive. While the physiological functions of the symbiotic haemoglobins in plants are well understood, almost nothing is known about their nonsymbiotic predecessors. Therefore, the known and hypothetical functions of haemoglobins in various systems are described along with information concerning properties and the regulation of expression of the nonsymbiotic haemoglobins. Interestingly, a number of nonsymbiotic haemoglobins have been shown to be hypoxia-inducible. The spatial and temporal pattern of this induction in barley may suggest that it is an integral part of the plants response to limiting oxygen stress.
Alanine aminotransferase and glycine aminotransferase from maize (Zea mays L.) leaves.
Authors: Orzechowski S , Socha-Hanc J , Paszkowski A
Published: January 2020

Alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT, EC 2.6.1.2) and glycine aminotransferase (GlyAT, EC 2.6.1.4), two different enzymes catalyzing transamination reactions with L-alanine as the amino-acid substrate, were examined in maize in which alanine participates substantially in nitrogen transport. Preparative PAGE of a partially purified preparation of aminotransferases from maize leaves gave 6 fractions differing in electrophoretic mobility. The fastest migrating fraction I represents AlaAT specific for L-alanine as amino donor and 2-oxoglutarate as amino acceptor. The remaining fractions showed three aminotransferase activities: L-alanine-2-oxoglutarate, L-alanine-glyoxylate and L-glutamate-glyoxylate. By means of molecular sieving on Zorbax SE-250 two groups of enzymes were distinguished in the PAGE fractions: of about 100 kDa and 50 kDa. Molecular mass of 104 kDa was ascribed to AlaAT in fraction I, while the molecular mass of the three enzymatic activities in 3 fractions of the low electrophoretic mobility was about 50 kDa. The response of these fractions to: aminooxyacetate, 3-chloro-L-alanine and competing amino acids prompted us to suggest that five out of the six preparative PAGE fractions represented GlyAT isoforms, differing from each other by the L-glutamate-glyoxylate:L-alanine-glyoxylate:L-alanine-2-oxoglutarate activity ratio.
Application of mass spectrometry to structural identification of flavonoid monoglycosides isolated from shoot of lupin (Lupinus luteus L.).
Authors: Frański R , Bednarek P , Siatkowska D , Wojtaszek P , Stobiecki M
Published: January 2020

Flavonoid glycosides constitute important group of plant secondary metabolites. This class of natural products play significant role in different physiological processes. A new methodological approach where mass spectrometric techniques are applied to structural studies of this class of compounds is presented. Four flavonoid O-monoglycosides and one C-monoglycoside were isolated from green parts of lupin (Lupinus luteus L.). Several different mass spectrometric techniques were applied to structural elucidation of isolated compounds. Desorption ionization mass spectrometry was used for registration of mass spectra of intact and derivatized (permethylated) flavonoid glycosides. In some cases electron impact mass spectra of permethylated compounds were also recorded. Methylated samples after methanolysis and further derivatization of free hydroxyl groups (methylation or acetylation) were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Combined information drawn from the registered mass spectra enabled us to define molecular mass, structure of aglycones and sugars, and positions of glycosidic bonds on the aglycon. Structures of four flavonoid monoglycosides were elucidated as follows: genistein 7-O-glucoside (1), genistein 4'-O-glucoside (2), 2'-hydroxygenistein 7-O-glucoside (3), and apigenin or genistein 8-C-glycoside (5). For the fourth O-glycoside (4) only molecular mass and masses of the aglycone and sugar were estimated.
A Turn-on Fluorescent Sensor For Cadmium Ion Detection In Aqueous Solutions
Authors: AYDIN Ziya
Published: January 2020

Fluorescent sensors have attracted an important
interest due to their advantages such as high selectivity, rapid response, easy
to use etc.  In this study, a rhodamine based
fluorescent sensor, RhDP, was synthesized, and used for selective detection of Cd2+
ions. The sensor responds to Cd2+ via the coordination induced
fluorescence activation (CIFA) mechanism. RhDP gives a very fast and reversible
fluorescence response to Cd2+ in the presence of the metal ions tested.
The complex stoichiometry between RhDP and Cd2+ was found to
be 1:1 and the binding constant was calculated as 2.70 × 107 M-1in ACN/HEPES buffer (10 mM,
pH: 7.05, v/v 1:1). The fluorescent detection limit of RhDP for Cd2+
was found to be 0.218 µM, which gave a marked sensitivity towards Cd2+.
POLA INTERAKSI USTADZ DAN SANTRI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ( Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Hisan Blitar)
Authors: Salamah Umi , Hidayatulloh Arif
Published: January 2020

The success of a learning process is very closely related to the process of interaction. In Islamic boarding schools, a religious teacher besides becoming a teacher must become uswah / example in instilling religious values and moral values. In addition, the interaction between the religious teacher and students is expected to provide understanding to students including the ability of cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of religious teacher and student interaction, the process of interaction between religious teacher and students, and the impact of interaction between religious teacher and students in the cottage. boarding school Mambaul Hisan Blitar. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of case studies, using data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis in this study uses data condensation, data display, and verification. The results of this study indicate that 1) the interaction between the cleric and the santri consists of three forms, namely one-way interaction, two-way interaction and multi-way interaction. 2) The process of educational interactions occurs in two kinds, namely outside and inside the teaching-learning process. 3) The impact of the interaction that was built between the cleric and the santri was to add insight into the religious scholarship of the santri, making the santri always prioritize aspects of the morality of the mercy, words in kromo, good manners and good social ethics, santri were more responsible and disciplined in carrying out their obligations

Keywords: interaction pattern; learning process
COMPORTAMIENTO DE ESTRUCTURAS DE ACERO DURANTE LOS SISMOS DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 2017
Authors: Tapia Hernández Edgar , García Carrera Jesús Salvador
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se discute el comportamiento sísmico de algunas estructuras de acero bajo las demandas impuestas por los sismos de 2017. La atención se centra en dos niveles de comportamiento: estructuras con daño en elementos estructurales y estructuras con daños en elementos no estructurales. El artículo reporta la experiencia adquirida sobre el comportamiento de las estructuras para enfatizar lecciones de interés a la comunidad de ingeniería estructural.
Pergeseran Orientasi Adopsi Anak di Kalangan PNS
Authors: Harwati Tuti
Published: January 2020

Dewasa ini, muncul fenomena menarik bahwa tujuan mengangkat anak, terutama oleh seseorang yang memiliki latar belakang sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) tidak lagi semata-mata hanya karena ingin memiliki anak atau membantu si anak (angkat), melainkan lebih disebabkan karena adanya tunjangan PNS, yaitu anak angkat adalah termasuk yang mendapatkan tunjangan sebesar 2% dari gaji pokok PNS (vide pasal 16 ayat 2 PP No. 7 Tahun. 1977 Tentang Gaji Pegawai Negeri Sipil). Indikasi ini semakin terlihat ketika anak yang diangkat merupakan anak dari kerabat dekat calon orang tua asuh, seperti keponakan, cucu dan sebagainya. Padahal, tanpa mengangkat anak dari keluarga dekatnya seseorang tidak akan terhalang untuk memberikan kasih sayang, nafkah, dan bantuan pendidikan misalnya, sehingga patut diduga ada motif lain dalam kasus pengangkatan anak yang dilakukan oleh seorang PNS. Dari hasil penelitian terungkap bahwa:

Pertama: Motif dan tujuan adopsi anak yang dilakukan oleh Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dapat dibagi ke dalam dua bagian, yaitu motif dari calon orang tua angkat atau pengangkat dan motif dari orang tua kandung calon anak angkat. Adapun alasan dari calon orang tua angkat, antara lain karena: kesepian, tidak mempunyai keturunan dan atas dasar perasaan sosial. Sedangkan motif dari orang tua kandung calon anak angkat, yaitu: faktor ekonomi dan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan anak.

Kedua: Bentuk pergeseran orientasi adopsi atau pengangkatan anak yang dilakukan oleh para pegawai negeri sipil di Lombok Tengah tidak hanya dilakukan demi kesejahteraan calon anak angkat, melainkan juga demi calon orangtua angkat supaya mendapatkan tunjangan anak dalam daftar gaji.

Ketiga: Implikasi hukum terhadap pergeseran orientasi adopsi atau pengangkatan anak oleh pegawai negeri sipil di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dapat dibenarkan secara legal-formal. Sebab, menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 1977 tentang Peraturan Gaji Pegawai Negeri Sipil Pasal 16 ayat 2 yang memuat tunjangan anak sebesar 2 % per anak dari gaji pokok. Namun demikian, tindakan tidak menjadikan keluarga, baik keponakan dan khususnya cucu sebagai anak angkat dalam kasus ini harus lebih didahulukan dalam rangka untuk mencegah dampak negatif di kalangan ahli waris yang lain, meskipun menurut peraturan yang berlaku tidak ada halangan bagi seorang kakek dan nenek untuk mengangkat cucu kandungnya sebagai anak angkat.
Protection of flunarizine on ventralis posteromedialis nucleus in rat model of migraine induced by inflammatory soup
Authors: Ge Wei , Zhao Lijun , He Chao , Zhang Qingkui , Wang Yunxia , Liu Ruozhuo , Mao Lanqun , Yu Shengyuan
Published: January 2020

Background: Migraine is a disease closely related to calcium ions and ion channels. Ventralis posteromedialis (VPM) nucleus is an important nucleus in the process of migraine pain signal transmission. Flunarizine has been widely demonstrated as a calcium channel antagonist in the preventive treatment of migraine, but the mechanism of its anti-migraine on VPM is still unclear. Methods: Part 1. Fifteen transfected male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Flunarizine intervention group, Nimodipine intervention group and Normal saline sham group. Viral expression of fluorescent tracers allows purely anterograde labeling. Following injection of AAV-hSyn-9-CaMPARI-GFP into the physiologically defined area in the VPM nucleus of the thalamus, labeling in the thalamus-cortex had a green appearance. Part 2. Twenty Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups: Single stimulus group, Double stimuli group, Flunarizine intervention group and Nimodipine intervention group. A calcium-selective carbon fiber electrode (CFMEs) is used for online monitoring of electrochemically inactive Ca2+ in the rat brain in vivo. Results: Part 1.GFP Images showed that the VPM nucleus of the thalamus was involved in the signal transmission process of headache. Fluorescence imaging of the VPM nucleus of the thalamus after intervention with flunarizine or nimodipine suggested that it was activated. Part 2. No specific response was observed in the migraine rat model after stimulation with normal saline, extracellular calcium ions increased first and then decreased linearly after each stimulation with inflammatory soup. After the intervention of nimodipine, the curve of calcium changes after IS stimulation was the same as before. While after the intervention of flunarizine, the performance was significantly inconsistent, which was first increased and then maintained a level of concentration or slightly increased. Conclusion: VPM might play an important role in pain signal transmission of migraine and Flunarizine can alleviate such Ca2+ concentration in VPM neurons to exert its anti-migraine effects.
WITHDRAWN: fMRI analysis of MCP-1 induced prefrontal cortex neuronal dysfunction in depressive cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Yan Weixin , Zhao Di , Liu Kai , Deng Yanjia , Xie Lingpeng , Lai Yuqi , Li Jianwei , Huang Weiliang , Mo Chan , Zeng Ting , Xie Shuwen , Xie Fangrong , Zhou Chuying , Gao Lei , Wen Ge , Sun Xuegang , Jing Linlin , Lv Zhiping
Published: January 2020

Background Depression is a serious mental illness, which is one of the main causes of disability at present. The cause and location of depression are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to establish a stable and reliable model of non-human primate depression, and further confirm the significance of neuritis in the pathogenesis of depression by combining in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods We simulated the environment of human depression and established a cynomolgus monkeys depression model by pro-depressive prodedure (PDP). The model was evaluated by behavioral test and neurotransmitter detection, and the important functional changes of brain area were detected by Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Abnormal inflammatory factors in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined by multi factor kit. In addition, the mechanism was further verified by stereotactic injection of inflammatory factor antagonists into mouse prefrontal cortex(PFC) and cell experiments. Results Here we found that a 12-week exposure to PDP can effectively induce the depressive behaviors of cynomolgus monkeys. PDP increases the time of depressive-like and anxious-like behaviors and decreases locomotor and exploratory behaviors, which were maintained after a 4-week recovery period. PDP lowers the serum serotonin (5-HT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level at the end of the procedure. FMRI can reflect the state of brain function noninvasively based on the level of blood oxygen. The results demonstrate that fALFF signaling is downregulated in PFC. The downregulation of BDNF and NeuN(Neuronal nuclei antigen) in PFC are observed in depressive monkeys. At the same time, it was found that contents of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in serum, CSF and PFC are increased in cynomolgus monkeys receiving PDP treatment. Furthermore, we found that MCP-1 receptor antagonist (CCR2-RA-[R]) can significantly reduce the susceptibility of depression in mice and increase the expression of BDNF in serum and PFC of depressed mice and blocked the downregulation of MCP-1 on the expression of BDNF in SHSY-5Y cells. Conclusions In conclusion, PDP induces cynomolgus monkeys depression by secreting MCP-1 to impair the neurotrophic function of 5-HT in PFC. PDP is a satisfying method to establish inducible depressive model in cynomolgus monkeys.
Registered Nurses´ Views on Telephone Nursing for Patients with Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary Health Care – Everyday Challenges and Insufficient Support
Authors: Aurin Ingrid Edvardsson , Kaminsky Elenor , Hedin Katarina , Andersson Lisbet , Andre Malin
Published: January 2020

Background: Triage by registered nurses (RN) during office hours may be of great importance for the prescription of antibiotics according to guidelines. This, however, has hardly ever been the focus of scientific study. The aim of this study was to describe RNs' views on telephone consulting work with patients calling primary health care centers for respiratory tract infections.Methods: A descriptive and qualitative study was performed through interviews with twelve RNs in Sweden. Results: The RNs saw their daily work as a continuous challenge and reported that support structures were insufficient. The themes challenge and support were built on five categories. These were: the triage, assessment over the phone and to manage expectations, evidence-based knowledge and professional collaboration. The RN had to differentiate urgent cases from self-care advice, with a fear of maybe missing something serious. They described the difficulties in assessing both the symptoms and the person calling, relying only on what they were told, as well as managing patients’ expectations with special reference to patients with other cultural backgrounds. The RN described insufficient possibilities to keep up with an evidence-based knowledge, where decision support and guidelines were only partly known and used, while continuous medical education was not prioritized. Furthermore, professional collaboration was described as unstructured.Conclusions: The telephone triage in primary care health centres regarding common problems seems to be an invisible task, both for researchers, policy makers and the RNs themselves. The consequences may be decreased patient safety, occupational stress, and an increased workload for the RNs. Systematic work is needed to strengthen the different support structures.
Substance use and associated factors and associated factors among preparatory school students in Nekemte town western Ethiopia; school based a cross- sectional study
Authors: Beyene Markos Desalegn , Getachew Robsan Gudeta , Gemechu Workineh Diriba
Published: January 2020

Background: Millions of people throughout the world are using substances such as alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, morphine, marijuana, heroin and many others. Substance use by people in all parts of the world, particularly adolescents, has long been of scientific, political and public concern. Objective: -the main aim of this study was to prevalence of substance use & associated factors among Nekemte preparatory school students in 2019. Methodology:-. School based cross-sectional study was conducted among students at Nekemte preparatory school from March 20-30, 2018. Multistage stratified sampling method was employed to select 372 study participants. Collected data was cleaned and entered in to Epi info version 3.5.3 and transported to SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression was done to indentify factors associated with substance use in the study area. Result: The overall prevalence of current substance use was (19.1%). Being male students [AOR, 95%CI; 4.64(2.18, 9.75)], ever encountered pressure from friends to use substances [AOR, 95% CI; 2.61(1.03, 6.63)], having substance user parents [AOR, 95%CI; 6.4(2.87, 14.30)] and having many substance user friends [AOR, 95%CI; 6.2(2.82, 13.75)] were significantly associated with substance use among students in the study area. Conclusion & Recommendation: The current prevalence of substance use among preparatory school students of this study area was low. The most commonly used substances were alcohol, khat and tobacco. Being male students, pear pressure, living with parents use substance & friends were found to affect substance use among Nekemte preparatory school students. Awareness creation sessions; Information, Education &Communication intervention should be intensified to further reduce Substance use among students.
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in granulosa cells from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Li You , Xiong Guohui , Tan Jun , Wang Shudi , Zhang Ziyu , Wu Qiongfang , Wan Lei , Huang Ouping
Published: January 2020

The molecular mechanism that triggers polycystic ovary syndrome is mysterious. Abnormal ovarian granulosa cells are one of the causes of PCOS. Therefore, we carried out RNA-seq in ovarian granulosa cells from patients with PCOS and normal controls and found that Hedgehog signaling pathway members Ihh and ptch2 were abnormally highly expressed in the PCOS group. Granulosa cells from 22 patients with PCOS and 21 controls with normal ovulation were collected. Subsequent qPCR tests also indicated that the expression of ptch1, gli1, and gli2 of other downstream members of Hh in the PCOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group. These results indicate that abnormally activated Hh signaling pathway, especially Ihh signal, may have a profound influence on PCOS.
Serum choline is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma survival: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Zhao-Yan , Yishake Dinuerguli , Fang Ai-Ping , Zhang Dao-Ming , Liao Gong-Cheng , Tan Xu-Ying , Zhang Yao-Jun , Zhu Huilian
Published: January 2020

Background: Higher choline/betaine levels have been linked to lower risk of liver cancer, whereas existing data in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis are scarce. Our objective was to examine the associations of the serum choline and betaine with HCC survival. Methods: 866 newly diagnosed HCC patients were enrolled in the Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort. Serum choline and betaine were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography with online electro-spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Liver cancer-specific survival (LCSS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Both LCSS (T3 vs. T1: HR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.51-0.94; P-trend <0.05) and OS (T3 vs. T1: HR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.54-0.99; P-trend <0.05) were better with sex-specific tertiles of serum choline levels. The associations were not significantly modified across strata of selected prognostic factors, except in the different C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the favorable associations between serum choline and LCSS and OS were only existed among patients with CRP ≥3.0 mg/L. No significant associations were found between serum betaine levels and either LCSS or OS. Conclusions: This study revealed that higher serum choline levels were associated with better HCC survival, especially in HCC patients with systemic inflammation status. No significant associations were found between serum betaine and HCC survival. Our finding might open new prospect in understanding the benefits of choline on HCC survival. Registration: The Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT 03297255.
Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults and elders with multi-level generalized estimation equation models
Authors: Xu Tao , Zhu Guangjin , Han Shaomei
Published: January 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine prevalence of MetS and associated factors among Chinese adults and elders covering a broad age range from 18 to 80 years old with multi-level generalized estimation equation models. Methods: 28,062 subjects completed all blood biochemical testing. Subjects meeting at least 3 of the 5 criteria qualify as having MetS. Multi-level generalized estimation equation model was used to examine the relationship between MetS and covariates in order to control the cluster effect of living area.Results: 65.70% of all subjects had at least one clinical feature of MetS. 2926 subjects were diagnosed as MetS and the prevalence rate was 14.03%. The prevalence rate of MetS for males (12.31%) was lower than females (15.57%). After controlling the cluster effect of living areas, many demographic and life-style characteristics were associated with MetS. Overweight (OR=1.670, 95%CI: 1.600-1.743), obese subjects (OR=2.287, 95%CI: 2.136-2.449), current drinkers (OR=1.053, 95%CI: 1.020-1.086), physical laborers (OR=1.070, 95%CI: 1.040-1.101), subjects enjoying high-salted diet (OR=1.040, 95%CI: 1.009-1.071), subjects with hyperuricemia (OR=1.264, 95%CI: 1.215-1.316), subjects with less sleep duration (OR=1.032, 95%CI: 1.009-1.055), subjects with family history of cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.065, 95%CI: 1.019-1.113) or cerebrovascular diseases (OR=1.055, 95%CI: 1.007-1.104) could increase prevalence risk of MetS. risk of MetS would increase 6.9% (OR=1.069, 95%CI: 1.053-1.085) with each 5-percent increase of PBF.Conclusion: MetS has become a serious public health challenge in China. Changes of lifestyles including high fat, alcohol drinking, high-salted diet and less sleep duration were very important to control MetS.
Potencial de aproveitamento energético de biogás através de reatores UASB: estudo de caso em Itaúna, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Mensah Jonhson Herlich Roslee , Souza Alessandra Ribeiro de , Ribeiro Natalia de Souza , Freitas Lilian Carla Ferreira , Silva Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima , Barros Regina Mambeli
Published: January 2020

Com o crescimento demográfico intensificou-se os problemas ambientais em decorrência do aumento na geração de efluentes líquidos. Desta forma torna-se fundamental a busca por alternativas sustentáveis na redução dos impactos. Neste cenário o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o potencial energético e a viabilidade econômica do aproveitamento de biogás gerado em reator UASB no tratamento de efluentes originados pelo Município de Itaúna-MG, possibilitando o planejamento energético no período de 2018 a 2038. Estimou-se a projeção da população para este período e o dimensionamento do reator conforme as projeções de efluentes lançados. A produção média calculada de metano e de energia total produzida foi de 1.899,4 m3.dia-1 e 39,3 GWh, respectivamente. O investimento total necessário foi de R$ 1.301.508,53, possibilitando a viabilidade econômica do projeto. A partir deste projeto é obtida a redução dos impactos ambientais consoante a geração de energia renovável.
Avaliação da sustentabilidade socioambiental no gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos no Município de São José de Piranhas, Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Leite André Lima , Barros José Deomar de Souza
Published: January 2020

O aumento da população mundial nos últimos anos, aliado ao aumento do consumismo contribuiu para a elevação da produção de resíduos sólidos. Com isso inúmeros estudos vêm surgindo, buscando encontrar soluções para a problemática do gerenciamento desses resíduos. A presente pesquisa avaliou como ocorre o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos da zona urbana do Município de São José de Piranhas, Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo ocorreu entre os meses de junho e dezembro de 2018. Para a efetivação desta pesquisa foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico acerca do tema abordado e a coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas. Participaram da pesquisa representantes de diversos segmentos sociais, como representantes do poder público, da iniciativa privada e população em geral. Para a análise dos dados coletados foi utilizado o sistema de indicadores Pressão-Estado-Impacto-Resposta (PEIR). Os resultados indicam que o município apresenta uma elevada produção de lixo, e a população não tem acesso a uma educação ambiental de qualidade, haja visto que dos oito indicadores de pressão, cinco são classificados como desfavoráveis, todos os indicadores de estado são classificados como desfavoráveis, dos seis indicadores de impacto, três são vistos como desfavoráveis, e todos os indicadores de resposta são classificados como desfavoráveis a sustentabilidade. Assim a pesquisa evidenciou a necessidade de mudanças imediatas no gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos no Município de São José de Piranhas.
Gestão ambiental e a política pública de sustentabilidade do Poder Judiciário de Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Goulart Lúcia Christina Rondon , Pietrafesa Pedro Araújo
Published: January 2020

Este artigo objetivou compreender e analisar o comportamento do Poder Judiciário do Estado de Goiás diante das questões ambientais, e como a política pública em prol da sustentabilidade tem sido implementada na Administração Pública, observando como esta política está interligada às diretrizes da Resolução nº 201/2015, do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ). Neste contexto, insere-se a Educação Ambiental como fundamento de uma gestão ambiental eficiente, correlacionada a temas contemporâneos, que apontam para um ambiente sustentável. Procedeu-se, portanto, a uma análise qualitativa da eficiência e da eficácia da gestão ambiental no âmbito do Poder Judiciário de Goiás. Deste modo, para a consecução deste estudo, foram utilizadas a revisão de literatura e o estudo de caso, com ênfase no Tribunal de Justiça de Goiás (TJ GO). Na fundamentação teórica, primou-se pelas abordagens gerenciais e estratégicas desenvolvidas pela Administração Pública, amparadas pelas ideias de sustentabilidade, educação ambiental e conscientização humana, tendo em vista a preservação dos recursos naturais e o incentivo a mudanças de hábitos e comportamentos, estimulando atitudes necessárias para a disseminação de uma cultura institucional sustentável mais reflexiva, visando à preservação ambiental justa e equilibrada para as gerações atuais e futuras. Ademais, foram analisados dados referentes ao consumo e às práticas sustentáveis do TJ-GO.
Institucionalização da gestão sustentável em instituições de ensino superior: um estudo com servidores da Universidade Federal do Tocantins
Authors: Campos Marcela Costa , Almeida Lia de Azevedo
Published: January 2020

As Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) têm um importante papel na gestão sustentável no desenvolvimento de suas atividades. Através das práticas e ações é possível constar que as mesmas podem contribuir para sociedade e meio ambiente, por meio do conhecimento científico, que normativamente são pautados por políticas e instrumentos de gestão socioambientais. Por esse motivo a pesquisa objetivou analisar a institucionalização da gestão sustentável na Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil. Sendo classificada como tipo de pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, o estudo passou por três etapas metodológicas, pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e aplicação de questionário aos servidores da universidade. Como síntese de resultados relevantes, pode-se destacar que os servidores pouco conhecem sobre as práticas socioambientais, especialmente as voltadas para uso racional de água. A gestão sustentável da universidade apresenta muitos fatores limitadores quanto a atividades relacionadas à comunicação por parte da Comissão Socioambiental para com os servidores, bem como outras limitações para institucionalização das práticas, como falta de alinhamento ou o cumprimento das normativas dentro da universidade.
Avaliação do impacto do turismo sobre ambiente recifal costeiro inserido em área marinha protegida
Authors: Máximo Leandro do Nascimento , Leite Daniel Silva Lula , Miranda George Emmanuel Cavalcanti de
Published: January 2020

Os ambientes recifais costeiros têm sofrido com a expansão da atividade turística sobre esta zona. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto do turismo sobre a estrutura da comunidade de macroalgas do recife de Picãozinho, Paraíba, Brasil, anteriormente à sua inserção na Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Naufrágio Queimado. Foram realizadas coletas durante os períodos seco e chuvoso nos recifes de Picãozinho (com visitação turística) e de São Gonçalo (sem visitação turística), avaliando a riqueza, diversidade, dominância e biomassa total da comunidade. Foram encontrados os maiores valores de riqueza, diversidade e biomassa total em São Gonçalo, com a dominância sendo maior em Picãozinho. Houve maior desenvolvimento do talo em São Gonçalo, com algumas espécies apresentando-se na forma de turf em Picãozinho. O turismo pode impactar a estrutura, o funcionamento, a biodiversidade e a resiliência da comunidade recifal, afetando, consequentemente, a qualidade ambiental dos recifes. Fornece-se à gestão da APA Naufrágio Queimado um panorama do impacto da atividade turística praticada no local, objetivando o turismo marinho sustentável.
Composição bromatológica de plantas da Caatinga do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Barbosa Homero Perazzo , Lima Carolina Uchôa Guerra Barbosa de , Barbosa Eduardo Uchôa Guerra , Lucena Reinaldo Farias Paiva de , Santos Elson Soares dos , Meira Karla Renata Freire
Published: January 2020

Considerando-se a importância da diversidade de alimentos disponíveis para os ruminantes na Caatinga do Estado da Paraíba, objetivou-se realizar avaliar o valor nutricional de plantas das espécies estudadas. Foram registradas 176 espécies distribuídas em 125 gêneros e 36 famílias. As famílias mais representativas foram Poaceae (47), Fabaceae (49), Euphorbiaceae (9), Cactaceae (8), Malvaceae (6), Bromeliaceae (5), Convolvulaceae, Amaranthaceae, Anacardiaceae e Rubiaceae (4), Capparaceae, Combretaceae e Cucurbitaceae (3), Agavaceae, Asteraceae, Bignoneaceae e Solonaceae (2). As demais famílias contribuíram com um único representante. Após a identificação, as partes aéreas foram coletadas para as análises bromatológicas. Os principais gêneros em número de espécies foram Urochloa, Cenchrus e Mimosa. Os teores médios (%) de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta, fibra bruta e matéria orgânica foram, respectivamente, 28,16 +/- 15,25, 3,50 +/- 2,19, 7,29 +/- 5,61 e 26,08 +/- 15,23. O estudo revela uma elevada riqueza de espécies vegetais.
Avaliação sazonal de índices de estado trófico para fósforo total para mananciais de abastecimento público do Município de Goiânia, Estado do Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Santos Adrielle Alcântara , Silva Debora Pereira da , Costa Isabella Almeida , Cuba Renata Medici Frayne
Published: January 2020

O nível de eutrofização de um curso d'água pode ser medido pelo Índice de estado trófico (IET). O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a variação sazonal da qualidade da água através da determinação do IET dos mananciais de abastecimento do Município de Goiânia, Estado de Goiás, Brasil. As amostras foram coletadas, nos pontos de captação de duas estações de tratamento de água e o IET foi determinado segundo as equações propostas na literatura para ambiente lótico. Analisaram-se as variáveis físicas, químicas e biológicas. As variáveis fósforo total, cor aparente, DBO, sólidos dissolvidos totais e E. coli não estão em conformidade com a Resolução do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). Conclui-se que há correlação entre as estações do ano e o nível de eutrofização (p = 0,016). Valores mais críticos ocorreram para o período seco, no qual se verificou a classe mesotrófica no ponto P1 e P2; e no período chuvoso a classe foi ultraoligotrófica em P2.
Gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde: considerações a partir da atuação do profissional farmacêutico
Authors: Silva Wandson do Nascimento , Silva Cassiano Augusto Oliveira da
Published: January 2020

A sociedade enfrenta diariamente sérios problemas que afetam na qualidade da vida humana e na preservação do meio ambiente. Pensar em práticas sustentáveis tem sido o grande desafio do poder público como também das populações. Neste sentido, discutir o gerenciamento dos resíduos provenientes dos serviços de saúde, a partir de pontos de vistas diferentes, torna-se importante para a compreensão do atual cenário que se insere os resíduos de serviços de saúde. Partindo dessa premissa, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma abordagem a partir da visão do profissional farmacêutico no processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde. Para isso se fez necessário o uso de uma metodologia exploratória descritiva, a partir de levantamentos bibliográficos e documental. Desta forma considera-se que se tratando do gerenciamento dos resíduos de saúde, o farmacêutico desempenha importante papel, uma vez que detém o conhecimento técnico em relação a patologias, manuseio de substâncias e cumprimento das legislações vigentes.
Análise técnica e econômica da captação e uso de águas pluviais em uma edificação com diferentes tipos de coberturas
Authors: Silva Cássio Reis da , Silva Mateus Alexandre da , Merlo Marina Neves , Thebaldi Michael Silveira
Published: January 2020

Os sistemas de aproveitamento de água pluvial são soluções sustentáveis que auxiliam no uso racional da água, conservando este recurso, com isto, objetivou-se com o presente estudo analisar a viabilidade técnica e econômica do aproveitamento da água pluvial para consumo não potável em uma edificação residencial localizada no Município de Formiga, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, comparando as particularidades entre a captação em telhados convencionais, em estrutura de madeira e telha cerâmica, e em estrutura metálica e telha de aço, realizando o dimensionamento hidráulico e de materiais requeridos, efetuando a composição de custos e análise econômica dos sistemas de captação da água pluvial em ambos os tipos de coberturas. Foi utilizada, como objeto de estudo, uma mesma residência com coberturas diferentes, que geraram diferentes áreas e posições de captação. Pela análise de dados pluviométricos históricos do município, pôde-se estimar a produção média mensal de água pluvial. Além disso, foi estimada a demanda por água não potável, sendo possível, portanto, o dimensionamento do reservatório de armazenamento de água pluvial. Ao dimensionar o volume do reservatório, identificou-se que no telhado convencional em estrutura de madeira e telha cerâmica, o Método de Rippl é o mais adequado, enquanto no telhado em estrutura metálica e telha de aço, o modelo de cálculo mais conveniente é o Método Prático Inglês. Já a análise econômica foi feita por meio do Método de Payback Simples, constatando que o sistema de aproveitamento de água pluvial não é viável economicamente para as condições simuladas, sendo, entretanto, viável quando se refere à questão ambiental.