bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A difficult to diagnose case of respiratory tract injury in granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: Nevzorova V. A. , Shestakova N. V. , Mokshina M. V. , Samoilenko E. V. , Chernyshenko A. V.
Published: September 2023

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, Wegener's granulomatosis) is a rare autoimmune disease, characterized by vasculitis of small and medium-sized vessels, as well as the formation of granulomas and the most frequent involvement of the upper respiratory tract, lungs, kidneys and eyes in the pathological process. In the absence of treatment, the disease progresses rapidly and is fatal. The onset of the disease is possible at any age. Pharmacotherapy is aimed at suppressing the immunopathological reactions underlying the disease in order to achieve complete remission associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies of systemic vasculitis (ANCA-SV). The article deals with a difficult case for diagnosis of respiratory tract damage in GPA in a 60-year-old woman.
Implications of Particle Size in the Extraction of Cellulose from the Calamagrostis Intermedia Species
Authors: Manzano Vela Dennis Renato , Zabala Vizuete Rolando Fabían , Flores Mancheno Ana Carola
Published: September 2023

This research aimed to elucidate the implications of particle size on cellulose extraction from the species Calamagrostis intermedia, endemic to Ecuador. Within the versatile cellulose extraction and trade industry, using timber sources results in a relentless environmental impact, mainly when no resource rationing occurs during the washing or bleaching phases. The investigation incorporated a sample pretreatment encompassing a drying, grinding, and sieving study, followed by an alkaline extraction. The study found that particle size significantly affected the quantity of fiber and cellulose pulp extracted from samples previously dried at 65°C with particle sizes of 300 and 106 μm. Characterization tests revealed variations in the color and texture of the extracted cellulose, attributable to an ineffective delignification stage within the fiber bleaching process. Variations in molecular weight corresponding to 126.32 x 103 g/mol were identified among samples, and FTIR analysis presented a syringyl ring and lignin stretching. Optical microscopy exposed the absence of well-defined regions in the fibers and a readily observable crystalline network. In conclusion, particle size critically influences cellulose extraction from Calamagrostis intermedia, impacting the yield and properties of the resultant product, indicating that further optimization of the extraction and delignification process is required to enhance the quality of the extracted cellulose.
Keywords: Calamagrostis intermedia; Particle Size; Cellulose Extraction
Readability and Presentation Suitability of ChatGPT's Medical Responses to Patient Questions: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jang Chan Woong , Yoo Myungeun , Park Yoon Ghil
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Online medical information, like ChatGPT, is crucial for patients making health decisions. However, many struggle with low literacy skills when using such content. To help, we need to ensure that the information is easily readable for the average adult. Surprisingly, there's been no research on how well ChatGPT delivers medical information in text form.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the readability and presentation suitability of ChatGPT responses to the most commonly asked patient questions, as well as ChatGPT's ability to improve readability.

METHODS

This study involves two phases. First, we evaluated ChatGPT's medical responses for the readability and presentation suitability using 30 knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related questions on March 20, 2023. We applied the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Simple Measure Of the Gobbledygook (SMOG) readability formulas. Additionally, we used three evaluation tools: the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) for presentation scores, the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP), and the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) for overall quality scores. Secondly, we assessed the readability improvement for answers to 50 stroke-related questions by providing both detailed and simple instructions into ChatGPT. In this phase, we also utilized FKGL and SMOG readability tests.

RESULTS

In the readability assessment, the mean (standard deviation, SD) scores for the 30 responses regarding knee OA were as follows: FKGL, 13.65 (1.80) reading grade and SMOG, 15.62 (1.55) reading grade, all of which were statistically higher than the recommended sixth-grade reading level (P < 0.001). In the presentation suitability assessment, SAM score for all answers was 55.00 (10.64), which is considered “adequate.” The mean EQIP and mDISCERN scores were 43.72 (5.78) and 2.83 (0.59), respectively, and none of the responses was evaluated as high quality. Upon implementing both detailed and simple instructions to the 50 responses regarding stroke, the ANOVA test results indicate statistically significant differences in mean readability scores among the three groups: pre-intervention, post-intervention with detailed instructions, and post-intervention with simple instructions (P < 0.001). Post-hoc analysis revealed that the pre-intervention group differed significantly from both post-intervention groups in both readability assessments (P < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the two post-intervention groups (P = 0.96 for FKGL and 0.86 for SMOG).

CONCLUSIONS

This study discovered that ChatGPT responses are hard to read and have low quality, which may discomfort patients, despite their adequate presentation of medical information. Furthermore, ChatGPT lacks the ability to improve medical information's readability. As technology advances, enhancing ChatGPT's readability and user-friendliness will increase its usefulness for patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Validation of Multiplayer Virtual Reality Adapted Version of Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (Preprint)
Authors: Tantri Aida
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Interprofessional Education (IPE) is essential for advanced medical studies, emphasizing collaborative learning across professions, thus boosting knowledge exchange and problem-solving. Virtual reality (VR), especially its immersive 3D environments, enhances medical education by providing superior knowledge retention and skill development. Multiplayer VR simulations offer concurrent user interaction in a shared space, supporting group learning and collaborative problem-solving in a virtual environment.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to validate a Multiplayer Virtual Reality Adapted Version of ISVS, positioning it as an assessment tool for interprofessional socialization and valuing aspects within Multiplayer VR-based medical education.

METHODS

Content validation was conducted by collecting feedback from four experts in the field of multiplayer VR simulation-based medical education, whom rated each item on a Likert scale of 1-5 based on its relevance to the aspect being measured in a multiplayer VR setting. The content validity of the instrument in this study was then evaluated using Aiken's formula. A measurement tool is considered adequately valid if its Aiken's coefficient is greater than 0.5.

RESULTS

From the computed Aiken's coefficient, it was determined that all the items in the measurement tool possess adequate validity. The Multiplayer Virtual Reality Adapted Version of the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale comprises 21 items, with an average Aiken coefficient of 0.815. The lowest coefficient recorded was 0.5625.

CONCLUSIONS

The Multiplayer Virtual Reality Adapted Version of the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale exhibits strong content validity and can be employed to assess the socialization and value scale of interprofessional collaboration in Multiplayer VR simulation-based learning.

CLINICALTRIAL

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Prevention of Hypertension through Screening and Education for At-Risk Populations in Prancak Glondong
Authors: Fola Jihan
Published: September 2023

The prevalence of hypertension based on doctors’ diagnosis in D.I Yogyakarta Province ranks second highest at the national level as reported in the 2018 Basic Health Research. Hypertension prevention is an important pillar of public health, especially in at-risk populations. Hypertension continues to be a public health threat, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, where patients with comorbid hypertension have a six times higher risk of dying if infected with COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, non-communicable diseases, including hypertension, are slightly neglected due to the focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. The offered solution is to conduct offline and online screening and education activities related to hypertension. This program aims to mobilize community empowerment to prevent a non-communicable disease, hypertension. Offline and online screening and education activities related to hypertension were carried out on 75 people in 3 RTs (RTs 3, 4, and 5), Prancak Glondong Hamlet, with on-the-job training for cadres. Based on the results of the program, 23% of the screening results showed normal blood pressure. In comparison, the other 48% were found with the ACC/AHA classified as type II hypertension during the examination, with the majority of the age range of 45-65 years (59%). Community development was carried out through job training with three cadres. This program can help reactivate the community empowerment. Health promotion carried out during this community service can increase awareness of non-communicable diseases, especially hypertension.
Initiation of the Establishment of Poskestren (Islamic Boarding School Health Center) at the Kampung At-Tauhid Islamic Boarding School, Ogan Ilir Regency
Authors: Idris Haerawati
Published: September 2023

Health issues are important in the world of education, including in Islamic boarding schools. To support the health status of santri (students at the Islamic boarding school), Islamic boarding schools need to facilitate them through Pos kesehatan pesantren or Poskestren (Islamic Boarding School Health Center). The purpose of this community service was to establish a Poskestren at an Islamic boarding school. The methods adopted in this community service included advocacy, education, socialization, promotion, and empowerment for santri. This program involved the Faculty of Public Health of Universitas Sriwijaya, Talang Pangeran Health Center, village officials, and the selected Islamic boarding school. The Poskestren was established at the Kampung At-Tauhid Islamic boarding school, Ogan Ilir, on July 2022. The result of this community service showed the establishment of a Poskestren was supported by all parties, and a special room was provided for this health service with the necessary facilities and infrastructure at the Kampung At-Tauhid Islamic Boarding School. In addition, this community service also established Kader Santri Husada (Santri Husada Cadre) consisting of nine santri who had been trained by the campus and community health center regarding emergencies, use of medical devices, personal hygiene, and prevention of sexually deviant behavior. It is expected that the Poskestren can provide services for all communities at the Islamic boarding school on an ongoing basis. It is also expected that the Islamic boarding school and community health center can continue the development of this Poskestren service.
Enabling the Grass Root: Health Cadres Empowerment Program in Efforts to Prevent and Manage Hypertension in the Tanjung Sub-Village Community
Authors: Sadewa Deskantari Murti Ari
Published: September 2023

Community health cadres are frontline health workers and essential allies in improving hypertension management and promoting health equity. However, the phenomenon in Indonesia shows that the support given to cadres in efforts to promote hypertension still needs to be higher. This article describes the community service program, especially health cadres empowerment in Tanjung Sub-villages, Sewon, Special Region of Yogyakarta, to optimize the capabilities of health cadres in promoting health and preventing disease. The methods to determine the lack in community used observation, interviews, and surveys. Then action planning was carried out by including cadres, primary health care services Sewon II, head of sub-village, village youth organization in Plan of Action (PoA). Implementation of the program was held  in May 2023. The descriptive analysis was used for analyzing the preliminary surveys. The Wilcoxon test was carried out to measure cadres' knowledge before and after the program was held as an evaluation. There are two main programs for empowering health cadres in this community: health cadre training and hypertension exercise to increase cadres' innovation in doing exercise for the community. Both of these programs have been proven to increase the knowledge and understanding of cadres about hypertension, as well as improve the ability of cadres to carry out health screening and lead hypertension exercises. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, the pre-test, and post-test values yielded a Z value of -2.375 and a sig value of 0.018, indicating that there is an influence of the presentation of hypertension on the knowledge and understanding of the cadres. Community acceptance of this program runs well and the Tanjung Sub-Village’s Cadres independently is able to carry out health screening of non-communicable diseases, especially hypertension in their monthly Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) program in the future.
LEGAL REGULATIONS IN THE FIELD OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Golubović Tatjana , Ilić Petković Aleksandra
Published: September 2023

Polychlorinated biphenyls are a type of persistent organic pollutants that have been produced all over the world due to their favorable physicochemical properties. After the prohibition of their production and use, they have become a serious problem in terms of the destruction of existing quantities bearing in mind their wide and varied application. They are still capable of being released into the atmosphere today. As they are still present in the environment, an important issue of the environmental protection policy is the legal regulation of polychlorinated biphenyls management. On the international level, the Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Conventions are particularly important. On the national level, the Law on Chemicals, the Law on Waste Management and the Rulebook on Restrictions and Prohibitions on the Production, Placing on the Market and Use of Chemicals are of particular importance in this area.
El pueblo mam de Soconusco. Recuperación de su memoria y su realidad ante el proceso de mexicanización
Authors: Fuentes Malo Sinue Hammed , Coraza de los Santos Enrique
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: analizar las memorias de los integrantes del pueblo mam de Soconusco en relación con el proceso de mexicanización en Cacahoatán, Tuxtla Chico, Huehuetán, Unión Juárez y Tapachula Chiapas. Metodología: cualitativa con un muestreo no probabilístico, sustentada en los estudios de la memoria y centrada en entrevistas a personas que se perciben a sí mismas como portadoras de esa cultura, para lo cual se recurre a herramientas del método biográfico. Limitaciones: los resultados corresponden solo a la información extraída de las entrevistas, por lo cual se requieren estudios históricos profundos que pongan el énfasis en otras variables coetáneas. Valor: el trabajo representa una aportación a la historiografía regional mediante el análisis de las memorias del pueblo mam. Conclusiones: dichas memorias dan cuenta de las interacciones entre el Estado y el pueblo mam como resultado del proceso de mexicanización en Soconusco.
Detection and Classification of Saffron Plant Diseases using Machine Learning: A Research
Authors: Manzoor Saima , Singh Ravinder Pal , Hassan Dr. Mir G.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Saffron, known as "red gold," is a valuable spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus. However, saffron cultivation faces challenges due to diseases that can harm crop yield and quality. This thesis proposes a deep learning-based approach using the VGG 16 architecture to detect and classify saffron diseases. The study collects a comprehensive saffron disease dataset, organizes it by disease type, and enhances its quality through analysis and augmentation. The VGG 16 architecture, known for image classification, is adapted for saffron disease detection, utilizing convolutional and fully connected layers for feature extraction and classification. The model is trained using multiple epochs, achieving an impressive 87% accuracy. Comparison with other methods demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach. The study utilizes highperformance computing systems for efficient evaluation. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of deep learning in saffron disease management, aiding farmers in effective decision-making for disease control measures.
What Came First - The Street or The House?
Authors: Vedaprakash Neha
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This research paper examines the dynamic relationship between streets and housing in Karnataka, India, across different historical periods, encompassing cultural, historical, political, and industrial influences. It illustrates that the sequence of streets or housing development is context-dependent and community activity based. The paper concludes by noting the changing dynamics of streets and houses in contemporary urban design, emphasizing the importance of infrastructure, drainage patterns, and public spaces in shaping the urban landscape.
Pothole Detection System for Automobiles using Machine Learning
Authors: Salian Priyansh , Naik Krish
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In recent years, rapid economic growth and technological progress have had a profound impact on traditional transportation systems. One notable concern in terms of traffic safety is the discomfort and risk posed by rough roads, particularly those marred by potholes. This research project seeks to address these issues by not only improving road safety but also enhancing the level of automation in driving. With the proliferation of self-driving vehicles equipped with advanced autopilot systems, there arises a pressing need for real-time sensing of road conditions. To achieve this goal, the project employs machine learning techniques and image processing to detect potholes in real-time and relay this information to other vehicles via an internet connection. The research phase involved a thorough evaluation of various software algorithms and hardware tools, with an emphasis on criteria such as efficiency, cost-effectiveness, accuracy, and practicality for assembly. In addition to these considerations, deep learning and machine learning methodologies were integrated with hardware tools to formulate a refined set of requirements for the pothole detection system.
Artificial Intelligence in Smart Water Distribution
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Mohan Yogesh
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This paper deals with the study of Trustworthy aspect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) which is known as Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (TAI) and how it can be used to make a Water Distribution System (WDS) into Smart Water Distribution System (SWDS). The main premise of this paper is to conduct a literature review of Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence along with few notable contributions made by AI in making water distribution systems smart.
Literature Survey Paper on Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Voice Assistants
Authors: Neupane Aayush
Published: September 2023

Abstract: People have always wanted to talk to computers and eventually succeeded to fulfill their wish by developing the virtual assistants. Virtual assistants in computer are software that talk to the human beings, understand their language and perform the given tasks. In order for a virtual assistant to be able to communicate to human beings, they levy natural language processing. This survey paper looks upon the previous researches done on the same, the use of NLP in voice assistants, machine learning algorithms used, to enable voice activated commands, and the ability of voice assistants to learn and adapt to individual user preferences. The paper thoroughly discovers the capabilities, limitations, application, efficiency and productivity of the voice assistants, flowcharts, algorithms in the design, and use of data, collection and storage of data for user behavior prediction, and the limitations of voice assistants. It hig
Cartas em três atos: Paulo Freire, Angel Vianna e o cotidiano escolar
Authors: Jamelli de Almeida Laura Helena
Published: September 2023

A partir de narrativas por meio de cartas, nesta obra apresento algumas experiências de ensino em dança que fundamentaram e impulsionaram outras práticas com estudantes da Educação Básica, na disciplina de Arte, considerando o ensino das suas expressões, contemplando o corpo como forma de expressão. Entendo a arte e a educação como encontro de subjetividades, como processo em que se dá o autoconhecimento, através de aprendizagens de todo o tipo, diluindo as fronteiras entre arte e educação, na medida em que há uma conexão com a vida. Oriento-me pela teoria de Paulo Freire e sua pedagogia para a autonomia, que entende a educação como um processo baseado no diálogo, no qual educador (a) e educando (a) constroem o conhecimento, construindo-se também, enquanto sujeitos autônomos, portanto, emancipados. Tenho por objetivo demonstrar que o ensino de dança e a educação possuem estreita ligação no que concerne ao uso dos jogos corporais e cênicos, para promover o conhecimento corporal, inserindo a dança enquanto área do conhecimento no contexto escolar, na medida em que trabalho com os seus fundamentos. Para atingir esses objetivos, optei pela utilização do trabalho de percepção pelo movimento e pelos jogos corporais, proposto pela artista da dança Angel Vianna, que busca uma forma própria de expressão, através do corpo e do movimento. Por último, apresento tais práticas e as reverberações que elas suscitaram nos (nas) estudantes, demonstradas por eles (as) em diferentes formas de expressão, tais como desenhos, músicas, poemas e relatos por escrito. Entendo o cotidiano escolar como um ambiente complexo, estabelecendo-se nele redes de múltiplas e diferentes relações, exigindo outras lógicas para a sua compreensão, coerentes com as vivências cotidianas.
The Development of Problem Based Learning Desmos-Assisted Digital Worksheet for Trigonometry Function
Authors: Yulianti Neneng , Putra Harry Dwi
Published: September 2023

Research purposes was  to develop digital Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on the Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach on trigonometry material using Desmos and to find out the feasibility analysis this worksheets. The research method uses Analysis Design Development Implementation Evaluation (ADDIE). In the analysis stage, literature studies, observations and interviews were carried out to find out  difficulties during blended learning, followed by designing and developing media by utilizing the various features  in Desmos. At the implementation stage,  validation is carried out to test the feasibility of the e-LKPD  by two experts on media and materials. The results of the expert validation on the feasibility of the e-LKPD on the media aspect obtained a value of 73,14% with the appropriate criteria, while the material aspect obtained a value of 75,00% with the appropriate criteria. The most prominent of this e-LKPD is animation which shows the interactiveness and able to spur studentsÂ  to discover and generalize the concept of the graph of the sine function of the unit circle. In the final stage a limited test was conducted in a small group of six students at SMAN 1 Lembang and get a response score of 76,74% was obtained with very good criteria.
Analysis of Students' Problem Solving Ability on Set Material According to Polya Model
Authors: Pebriyanti Yayang , Amelia Risma
Published: September 2023

Students' mathematical problem solving ability is very influential on learning outcomes that can be implemented in everyday life. However, the facts in the field show that students' mathematical problem solving skills are still low. The purpose of this research is to analyze student difficulties in set material in terms of problem solving theory according to Polya's model. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data obtained through a test instrument of mathematical problem solving ability on set material with the applied subjects, namely 32 seventh grade students from one of the State Junior High Schools in Cipeundeuy District. Based on the results obtained, the students' ability to solve math problems based on polya steps is high. However, there were still some errors in the results of student answers in solving problem solving questions, including: not writing down what was known, what was asked, and not describing these elements, the process of planning problem solving was not systematic, not understanding the problem, errors in internal calculation of answers and conclusions which are not in accordance with the results of the solution.
The Development of Problem Based Learning Google Sites-Assisted Digital Teaching Materials to Improve Students' Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Nurdin Irfan Taufik , Putra Harry Dwi , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: September 2023

Mathematics learning has a very important role in the educational environment. That one of the competency standards for graduates of the mathematics subject for elementary to secondary education units is so that students have the skills to think and act creatively, productively, critically, independently, collaboratively and communicatively. Based on these graduate competencies, it is clear that one of the thinking skills that students must have is critical thinking. The purpose of this study was to look at students' mathematical critical thinking skills whose learning used the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model through digital teaching materials . This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 (five) stages, namely: Analysis , Design , and Development , Implementation and Evaluation on MTs . The research subjects were 20 students of class VI I I MTS (twenty) students. Data collection techniques used were walkthroughs, questionnaires, questionnaires, interviews, and tests. Research data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of data analysis are known that this research produces students' critical thinking mathematics for digital teaching materials through a problem-based learning model in a flat sided geometric content that is valid and has potential effects. In this case, mathematics teaching materials that are presented digitally with a problem-based learning approach model are obtained from the results of one-to-one revisions , expert revision, small group trials and large group trials . Furthermore, the prototype of digital teaching materials is in the form of Google sites This is in addition to being effective, efficient, valid and practical, it also has a potential effect to improve students' critical thinking skills in mathematics.
Neuromarketing: A Competitive Advantage for the Financial Sector
Authors: Quintero-Martínez Diana Margarita , Soto Arias Jaqueline Adriana
Published: September 2023

Neuromarketing focused on the prediction of consumer behavior, using the advances of neuro-science as a reference to measure the effects of communication and publicity actions. In this sense, it presented as a strategic alternative relevant to financial institutions, which developed in a highly competitive environment. The theoretical and investigative review proposed in this article, seeks to consolidate a clear vision regarding the opportunities for application of Neuromarketing in banks. However, this sector still does not integrate these techniques in its planning for the construction of positive and innovative advantages with respect to the other economic actors of this economic sector.
Real-time thermal performance investigation of a thermal energy storage integrated direct absorption solar collector under tropical climate
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Gupta Varun Kumar , Kukreja Rajeev , Chander Nikhil , Ravi Ravi Kant
Published: September 2023

In last two decades, metallic particles of nano-sizes
(~10 m) are tested profoundly in
volumetric absorption solar collectors (VASC) due to their excellent
optical properties and broadband absorption in entire solar spectrum.
However, availability, ease to synthesise, toxicity, and
non-biodegradable nature of these nanofluids are some of the challenges
that still needs attention of scientific community for future
commercialisation of this technology. Further, based on literature
review, very limited studies are available for understanding the
performance of integrated energy storage VASC system using nanofluids.
Considering all these issues, a hybrid nanofluid of gold nanoparticles
in Azadirachta Indica leaves extract has been synthesised by
chemical route. The prepared hybrid nanofluid has shown good absorption
in 400-700nm wavelength range and hence high photo-thermal conversion
efficiency for VASC. Further, commercial available paraffin wax is used
as phase change material (PCM) in thermal energy storage (TES) and
further integrated with VASC to analyse thermal performance of system
even after sunshine hours. The real-time experiments were conducted
using different working fluids and at three mass flow rates i.e. 0.5
lpm, 1 lpm and 2 lpm, respectively during mild
winter days under tropical climate of India. The study revealed a
photo-thermal efficiency enhancement of about 17.1% when hybrid heat
transfer fluid was used in VASC system with TES as compared to base
fluid water without TES. Further, a maximum zero loss efficiency of
83.8% was estimated at optimal mass flow rate of 2 lpm for TES
integrated VASC system.
Metabolic predictors of COVID-19 mortality and severity: A Survival Analysis
Authors: Abdallah Abdallah Musa , Doudin Asmma , Sulaiman Theeb , Jamil Omar , Arif Rida , Saada Fatima Al , YASSINE HADI , Elrayess Mohamed A. , Elzouki Abdel-Naser , Emara Mohamed M. , Thillaiappan Nagendra Babu , Cyprian Farhan S.
Published: September 2023

Metabolomics has been increasingly utilized in studying host response to
infections and under-standing the progression of multi-system disorders
such as COVID-19. The analysis of metabo-lites in response to SARS-CoV-2
infection provides a snapshot of the endogenous host metabo-lism and its
role in shaping the interaction with SARS-CoV-2. The current study
investigated the metabolic signatures of mortality and severity in
COVID-19 patients using a targeted metabo-lomics approach. Blood plasma
concentrations were quantified through LC-MS using MxP Quant 500 kit. We
utilized Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to investigate the correlation
between various metabolic markers and patient outcomes. A comparison of
survival rates between individuals with high levels of various
metabolites and those with low levels showed statistically significant
differences in survival outcomes. We further used four metabolic markers
to develop a COVID-19 mortality risk model through the application of
multiple machine learning methods. These metabolic predictors can be
further validated as potential biomarkers to identify patients at risk
of poor outcomes. Finally, integrating machine learning models in
metabolome analysis of COVID-19 patients can improve our understanding
of disease mortality by providing insight into the relationship between
metabolites and survival probability, which can lead to the development
of potential therapeutics and clinical risk models.
Age-optimal vaccination strategy for respiratory infectious disease: a constraint-dependant approach
Authors: Kebir Amira , Bouhali Amira , Aribi Walid Ben , Miled Slimane Ben
Published: September 2023

After the vaccine implementation for COVID-19, the WHO set a unified
vaccination approach to be adopted by all different countries. However,
given the various constraints including vaccine availability,
heterogeneous age distributions, and differing control measures across
countries, questions arise about the optimality of the WHO strategy. In
this study, we develop an age-structured SEIR epidemic model with
vaccinated and unvaccinated compartments to optimize age-targeted
vaccination strategies for COVID-19, incorporating realistic
constraints. The model equilibria and the basic reproduction number
$R_0$ are checked. Moreover, mathematical formulation and analysis of
optimal control problem, are conducted. The model is calibrated to
COVID-19 data and simulated to solve the optimal control problem under
various vaccination and distancing scenarios. Results demonstrate that
the optimal strategy strongly depends on the population age distribution
and contact patterns.  Findings emphasize the significance of
age-specific disease transmission in designing vaccination priorities,
particularly when vaccine supplies are constrained. The model provides a
quantitative framework to inform optimal allocation strategies in a
general way that allows to adapt the model for other infectious diseases
exhibiting similar features to Covid-19.
Fixed-Time Distributed Event-Triggered Cooperative Guidance Law for Multiple Missiles to Achieve Simultaneous Arrival
Authors: Wang Xugang , Gu Zhenzhen , Wang Zhongyuan
Published: September 2023

To save the communication bandwidth and the missile-borne computing
resources, a distributed cooperative guidance law based on the
event-triggered mechanism is proposed, which enables the missiles with
large differences in spatial location and velocity to achieve
simultaneous attacks with only a few dozen information exchanges. The
guidance process is divided into two stages. The first stage is the
cooperative guidance stage, where missiles achieve consensus of the
time-to-go estimates through information exchange. In this stage, each
missile is designed with an event-triggered function based on its own
state error, and the missile only updates and transmits its information
in the communication network when the error meets the set threshold,
effectively reducing the occupancy rate of missile-borne resources
during the cooperation process. The second stage is the independent
guidance stage, where missiles can hit the target simultaneously while
keeping the communication network silent. This is achieved by ensuring
that the time-to-go estimates of missiles can represent the real
time-to-go after achieving consensus. By the design of the two-stage
guidance law and the replacement of the event-triggered function, the
cooperative guidance system can be ensured to remain stable in scenarios
where the leader missile is present and destroyed, and exclude Zeno
behavior. The stability of the cooperative guidance law is rigorously
proved by algebraic graph theory, matrix theory, and the Lyapunov
method. Finally, The numerical simulation results demonstrate the
validity of the algorithm and the correctness of the stability analysis.
An Optimized Transform and Quantization Scheme for HEVC Intra Lossless Coding
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Yan Linqi , zhang yang , Ren Gang , Zhu Mingdong
Published: September 2023

The lossless video coding framework based on HEVC is consisted of
prediction and entropy coding, which directly determine the lossless
coding efficiency. The initial residuals with large absolute values are
directly coded by the lossy coefficient coding techniques in HEVC, which
may compromise the lossless coding efficiency. In this paper, an
optimized scheme based on transformation and quantization techniques for
the HEVC Intra lossless coding is proposed as an additional mode. In the
proposed scheme, an initial residual block is divided into two parts:
the coefficient block and the second residual block. The coefficient
block is derived by the lossy transformation and quantization technics
in HEVC. The second residual block is made up with residuals of small
absolute values. Both the coefficient block and the second residual
block can be efficiently coded by the existing coefficient coding scheme
in HEVC. Rate-distortion optimization is employed to choose between the
proposed scheme and the transform bypass scheme to achieve the best
coding performance for each block. The proposed scheme is implemented
into the HM 12.1 software. Experimental results show that the proposed
scheme achieves 3.36 percent bit-rate saving on average and up to 12.29
percent compared with the HEVC lossless coding under the Intra main
configuration.
Shift in species richness and functional diversity patterns in response to climate change in tropical mountain systems
Authors: Valencia Leticia Bonilla , Osorio-Olvera Luis , León-Cruz José , Galicia Leopoldo
Published: September 2023

The effect of climate change on the ecological niche of species
represents one of the main threats in maintaining processes and
functions in mountain ecosystems. However, these links have rarely been
assessed due to the lack of application of ecological niche models at
the species assemblage level. Therefore, in this study we integrated
species ecological niche modeling techniques to predict assemblage
changes in tropical montane systems. We estimate species richness and
functional diversity for 2040 and 2060, based on the modeled niche of 39
native tree-shrub-herbaceous species of the montane of Mexico, using a
model selection protocol for Maxent and Minimal Volume Ellipsoid (MVE)
models in which we selected models based on the statistical significance
of the partial ROC test, low omission rates, values of the area under
the curve, and the Akaike Information Criterion. We project functional
diversity, considering nine functional traits related to primary
productivity, rate of decomposition, and natural regeneration. Our
results show a high loss rate of species richness and functional
diversity at low elevations (1500-2800 m a.s.l.). At high altitudes
(2800-3500 m a.s.l.), we find a greater richness of species, without
increases in functional diversity. We find that tree species are more
likely to maintain their current geographic distribution ranges, while
herbaceous species show a large loss of species richness at low and
mid-elevations. Therefore, we provide evidence that the effects of
climate change will promote imbalances in species assemblage and
probably cause a loss of processes and functions, such as soil
decomposition and soil organic matter, mainly in low-elevation areas.
Unveiling the Relationship between Talent Development Interventions and Organization Effectiveness: Evidence from the Telecommunication Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Shah Atif Hussain , Iqbal Naveed
Published: September 2023

In recent talent management research, the significance of nurturing talent has beenhighlighted. However, there remains a lack of sufficient quantitative investigations into theimpact of these practices on organizational effectiveness, particularly in developing countrieslike Pakistan, and specifically within the telecommunications sector. This study seeksto address this gap by examining the relationship between different bundles of talent development practices and overall organizational effectiveness. Data was collected from 196high-potential employees with diverse roles through online platforms. The results of the study indicate that various bundles of talent development practices, including formal, job-based,relationship-based, and informal approaches, positively influence organizational effectiveness.The findings of the study hold important implications for practitioners, indicating that the implementation of talent development practices can significantly enhance the overall effectiveness of telecommunication firms operating in Pakistan.
Mapping the Causal Connections among Exchange Rate Indicators and Exchange Rate: New Evidence from NARDL Econometric Approach
Authors: Daniel Linda Nalini , Ullah Muhammad Asad , Tabash Mosab I.
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study is to find out the symmetric or asymmetric relationship betweenthe macroeconomic fundamentals and exchange rate of Pakistani Rupee against the US Dollar which has never been analyzed briefly in previous literature. The NARDL approach hasbeen applied with the selected macroeconomic fundamentals i.e., GDP, foreign reserves, inflation rate, interest rate, oil price, gold price, trade balance, and money supply for thedata analysis. The data of exchange rate and selected macroeconomic fundamentals havebeen taken during the time period of 2011 to 2022 from the official IMF IFS database. Thefindings indicate that foreign reserves and inflation possess an asymmetric relationship withthe exchange rate in long run. The increase in productive inflation only helps to stabilize theexchange rate whereas all other significant variables weakens the Pakistani currency eitherin short -run or long run i.e., decrease in money supply, GDP, inflation and increase in interestrate. The findings will be helpful for the policymakers and economists to implement theirpolicies accordingly to prevent the further depreciation the of Pakistani Rupee against USDollar.
korszerű harcjárművek áramellátásának sajátosságai 1. rész
Authors: Végvári Zsolt
Published: September 2023

A Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program keretében igen sok új, korszerű harcjármű beszerzéséről született döntés, amelynek következtében jelentősen megújul a szárazföldi csapatok eszközállománya. Az új járművek új képességeket is jelentenek, de az új képességek új műszaki problémákat is hoznak magukkal. A korszerű harcjárművek számos olyan fedélzeti eszközzel rendelkeznek, amelyekkel a korábbiak nem voltak felszerelve, és az új berendezések energiaellátása komoly műszaki kihívást jelent. A tanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogy milyen megoldások születtek erre a problémára külföldön, illetve hazánkban a most rendszeresítésre kerülő eszközökben.
India katonai atomprogramja, a hadászati triád kiépítésének folyamata 1. rész
Authors: Ott István Dániel
Published: September 2023

Atommeghajtású ballisztikusrakéta-hordozó tengeralattjárókkal rendelkező atomhatalomnak eddig csak öt nemzet számított, azonban az indiai INS Arihant szolgálatba állításával, hatodikként Indiával bővült a nemzetek sora. India atomprogramja reprezentálja az ország iparában, hadiiparában, hajógyártásában, rakétatechnológiájában, nukleáris kutatásaiban az elmúlt évtizedekben bekövetkező rohamos fejlődést, és azt a tényt, hogy az atomhatalommá vált India, a hadászati triád kiépítésével politikai ambícióit immár valós stratégiai elrettentéssel képes támogatni. A tanulmány röviden bemutatja India nukleáris fegyverfejlesztésének történetét és eredményeit.
Magyar Honvédség Polaris MRZR ultrakönnyű harcászati járművei
Authors: Kelecsényi István
Published: September 2023

A Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program során a különleges műveleti képesség fejlesztése kiemelt terület. A Magyar Honvédség Polaris MRZR–4 ultrakönnyű harcászati járművei is ezt a képességet erősítik. Az amerikai eszköz beszerzése kapcsán a szerző bemutatja a korábban a Haditechnikai Intézet által fejlesztett magyar fejlesztésű, ultrakönnyű harcászati járművet, a „Szöcskét” is.
terepi járműmozgást befolyásoló tényezők 3. rész
Authors: Kiss Péter , Kiss Botond Levente , Böröczky András
Published: September 2023

A terepen mozgó járművek jellemzően kerekes futóművel, lánctalpas járószerkezettel vagy ezek kombinációjával rendelkeznek. A terepi járműmozgást számos tényező befolyásolja, amelyeket három csoportban foglalhatunk össze: járműparaméterek, terep- és talajparaméterek, valamint a jármű mozgását befolyásoló emberi tényezők. A tanulmánysorozat első része a terep- és talajjellemzőkkel foglalkozik, valamint bemutatja a terep és a talaj járműmozgást befolyásoló hatásait, a jármű és a terep kapcsolatát.
A tábori infokommunikációs rendszerek centruma, a HIK-központ
Authors: Tóth Péter , Szeleczki Szilveszter
Published: September 2023

A digitális infokommunikációs rendszerek a katonai műveletek elengedhetetlen részei. A különböző adat- és hangkapcsolatok szervezése és irányítása fontos ismérve és egyben kihívása is a Magyar Honvédség tábori körülmények között gyakorolt képességének. Szakirodalom-kutatással és saját források felhasználásával a szerzők célja az infokommunikációs rendszerekhálózatos képességének és azok alkalmazásának jelentőségét ismertetni az olvasóval, a Magyar Honvédségnél alkalmazott mobil informatikai központok kialakulásának bemutatásán keresztül. A központ híradó-informatikai feladatokat lát el, segítve a szárazföldi erők vezetési és irányítási rendszerét, miközben – a hálózatcentrikus műveleteiben betöltött szerepének súlya miatt – fontos fejlesztési kérdéseket is felvet.
Integrált, moduláris, vezető nélküli szárazföldi járműrendszerek bemutatója Versailles-ban
Authors: Ocskay István
Published: September 2023

A szerző az MH Haderőmodernizációs és Transzformációs Parancsnokság szakértőjeként ötödször vett részt az iMUGS munkacsoport ülésén és technikai bemutatóján, amelyre ezúttal a franciaországi Satory Military Campben, Versailles-ban került sor. A korábbi négy bemutató témájához hasonlóan, a figyelem a folyamatosan fejlődő vezető nélküli szárazföldi rendszerekre, és az azokkal arányosan nehezedő – az eszközökkel végrehajtható – feladatokra irányult. A 2022 októberében megrendezett bemutató három, egymáshoz szorosan kapcsolódó szcenáriót dolgozott fel a felderítéssel kezdve, a sebesültek és anyagok szállításán keresztül, a területen végrehajtott járőrözésig. Ez az utolsó előtti bemutató a munkacsoport kétéves történetében, amelyet két hónappal később a németországi záróesemény foglalt keretbe.
Az elektromos és hibrid hajtásláncú személyés tehergépjárművek alkalmazásának lehetőségei a Magyar Honvédségben 3. rész
Authors: Filipovics Alex
Published: September 2023

A kőolaj- és a földgázkészletek véges mennyisége, valamint a levegőszennyezés napjaink két olyan fő problémája, amelyekben jelentős szerepet játszanak a közlekedési eszközök, azon belül a gépjárművek is. E problémák enyhítése érdekében az Európai Unió egyre szigorodó károsanyag-kibocsátási normákat vezet be. A szabályozás következtében a különböző cégek kevésbé szennyező, fokozottan környezetbarát – elsősorban hibrid vagy tisztán elektromos – gépjárműveket gyártanak.
Honvédségi járművek a közszolgálati tűzszerész szakfeladatok rendszerében
Authors: Ádám Balázs , Ember István
Published: September 2023

A közszolgálati tűzszerész szakfeladatok kiemelt figyelmet érdemelnek a műszaki támogatás komplex rendszerében. Ennek oka,hogy a jól képzett szakemberek folyamatos életveszélyben dolgoznak. Magyarországon közszolgálati keretek között több ezer riasztást kell kezelnie a Magyar Honvédség kijelölt egységének. Ezen folyamat során különböző helyszíneken kell hatástalanítani a robbanószerkezeteket, és a mobilizáció megköveteli, hogy kiváló minőségű, speciálisan kialakított honvédségi járműveket alkalmazzanak a szakemberek. A szerzők szakmai álláspontja szerint a bemutatott három járműtípus kombinált alkalmazásával megfelelő válasz adható a közszolgálati tűzszerész feladatok adta kihívásokra hazánkban.
A 3D-s nyomtatás és katonai alkalmazásának lehetőségei 3. rész
Authors: Zentay Péter , Hegedűs Ernő , Végvári Zsolt
Published: September 2023

A cikk ismerteti a 3D-s nyomtatás – mint additív gyártástechnológia – alkalmazási lehetőségeit, különös tekintettel az olyan területekre, mint a 3D-s fémnyomtatás és a szálerősítéses műanyag nyomtatás. Napjainkban e technológia a prototípusgyártás mellett fokozott szerephez jut az összetett geometriájú alkatrészek, komplex rácsszerkezetek, alkatrészen belüli rétegelt (szendvics-) szerkezetek gyártásában, amellyel a szerkezeti elemek fajlagos tömegcsökkentése érhető el. Az additív gyártástechnológia – a harctéri alkatrészellátás egyik módszereként – szerepet kaphat a katonai logisztika folyamataiban is. A Magyar Honvédség számára a NATO és az EDA (Európai Védelmi Ügynökség) javaslatai, illetve a 2021. évi NKS (Nemzeti Katonai Stratégia) egyaránt előirányozzák a 3D-s nyomtatás fejlesztését.