bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wpływ ekstraktu z wychmielin (Humulus lupulus L.) na przeżywalność ludzkich nowotworowych i prawidłowych komórek jelita
Authors: Caban Miłosz , Chojnacka Katarzyna , Owczarek Katarzyna , Fichna Jakub , Podsędek Anna , Sosnowska Dorota , Lewandowska Urszula
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is used in the production of beer and is responsible for its taste and specific aroma. The female cones of this plant as well as the spent hops after the hops extraction by supercritical CO2 are the source of the substances with high biological activity. These include phenolic compounds among others: catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, kaempferol having a lot of properties which could be used in the medicine. They also demonstrate anti-proliferative activity which is responsible for the inhibition of the cancer cells growth. Aim. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of spent hops extract on the viability of cancer and normal colon epithelial cells. Materials and methods. Three cell lines were tested: two colon cancer lines (SW-480 and HT-29) and normal epithelial colon (CCD841CoN) cell line. The activity of the spent hops extract was tested on the basis of cell growth by means of the MTT test. The cells were incubated with the tested extract at 37°C with the constant of CO2 content in atmosphere for 24, 48, 72 hours. Results. The results showed that tested extract inhibited the growth of two colon cancer cell lines (SW-480 and HT-29) more than the growth of normal cell line (CCD841CoN). The IC50 value for SW-480 cell line was obtained at the concentration 400 μg/ml after 48-hours incubation, for HT-29 cell line at the concentration 200 μg/ml after 72-hours incubation while for normal epithelial CCD841CoN cell line the IC50 value was not received. Conclusions. The spent hops extract has anti-proliferative activity. The most susceptible to extract was SW-480 cell line. The normal CCD841CoN epithelial cells were the least sensitive to the extract activity.
Trwałe, niepasteryzowane napoje na bazie soku brzozowego
Authors: Bilek Maciej , Chachura Angelika , Radochońska Agnieszka , Olszewski Marcin , Sosnowski Stanisław
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Birch tree sap, as a perishable food, can not be consumed longer than a few days after collecting. This fact limits the use of the nutritional value of the sap. The presence of a number of biologically active substances, sensitive to high temperature, causes that the methods for increasing birch sap shelf life alternative to pasteurization are tested. Aim. The aim of the study was to develop an unpasteurized, non-perishable and easy to prepare birch sap-based beverages, characterized by a beneficial taste and improved pro-health properties. Material and Methods. Birch tree sap was collected in March 2016 using the drilling technique. In order to extend the shelf life, chemical additives were used in quantities allowed by food legislation – citric and lactic acid (0.5%) and potassium sorbate (0.03%). The additions improving the taste were fruit syrup and multiflower honey (10%). The storage test was carried out for one month at room temperature and refrigeration conditions. The optical density changes were monitored at three-day intervals. Results. By preparing beverages with additives extending shelf life and improving taste, several days until the entire storage test period stability was achieved, depending on the temperature conditions of storage. It was also found that the shelf life of birch sap-based unpasteurised beverages depends on the time of sap collecting. Conclusions. The most-preferred birch sap-based beverage for individual consumers, with three weeks shelf life in refrigerated conditions, was obtained by the adding a lactic acid (0.5%) and a health-promoting component – honey (10%). The most favorable for the food industry is a birch sap-based beverage with the addition of food acids, potassium sorbate and fruit syrup. Its shelf life is at least a month, regardless of the temperature conditions of storage. However, the shelf life of this beverage is influenced by the time of sap collecting. It should be as short as possible to obtain the highest storage shelf life, while not risking damage to the tree.
Oddziaływanie na bakterie beztlenowe olejku jałowcowego (Oleum Juniperi)
Authors: Kędzia Anna , Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Juniper berries have been used in ancient in folk medicine for treatment infections, as a spice for meat, and preparation of gin and raki. Juniper (Juniperus communis L.) belongs to the Cupressaceae family. It is an evergreen tree or shrub and achieve from 2 to 10 m high. Its berries produced essential oil, which contain α-pinene, camphene, limonene, cadinene, terpinen-4-ol, myrcene, β-pinene, sabinene, flavonoids, resins, organic acids, and tannins. The oil is used for treatment various diseases. It demonstrate antimicrobial properties. Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria of oral cavity to juniper oil. Material and methods. The 56 of anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients, in it Gram-negative rods (31 strains), Gram-positive cocci (13) Gram-positive rods (12) and 8 reference strains were tested. Investigation was carried out using the plate dilution technique in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. Inoculum containing 106 CFU per spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with oil or without the oil (strains growth control). Concentration of dated oil were: 2,0, 5,0, 7,5, 10,0, 15,0 and 20,0 mg/ml. The plate was incubated in anaerobic condition in anaerobic jar in 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was interpreted as the lowest concentration of juniper oil inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria. Results and discussion. The results of the experiments indicated, that rods from Gram-negative anaerobes, the strains belonging to the genera of Prevotella and Porphyromonas, were the most susceptible to essential oil. The MIC’s for the strains be within from 5,0 to 10,0 mg/ml. The lowest sensitive were the rods from genera Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Tannerella (MIC > 20,0 mg/ml). From among Gram-positive cocci the most sensitive to oil were the strains from genus Finegoldia magna. The oil was active towards half of the strains in concentration < 2,5 mg/ml. The tested Gram-positive rods were the less sensitive (MIC 5,0-> 20,0 mg/ml). From this group, the strains Actinomyces viscosus demonstrated the sensitivity on 5,0 to 7,5 mg/ml. The most resistance were the rods Actinomyces odontolyticus and Propionibacterium granulosum (MIC > 20,0 mg/ml). Conclusions. The lowest susceptible to juniper oil from Gram-negative bacteria were genus of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Tannerella. The oil was the most active against strains of Prevotella and Porphyromonas. The cocci were the more susceptible than Gram-positive rods. The Gram-positive anaerobes showed high susceptibility to juniperus oil than Gram-negative rods.
Skład chemiczny i właściwości biologiczne rożnika przerośniętego (Silphium perfoliatum L.)
Authors: Wolski Tadeusz , Kędzia Bogdan
Published: January 2021

A cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is a poorly-known crop in the country. It came to Europe from North America in the 18th century. It can be propagated by dividing rhizomes or by sowing seeds. This plant is undemanding in terms of alimentary requirements and resistant to cold and pests. Due to the high content of nutrients and the yield of green mass a cup plant is used for fodder purposes. A cup plant contains numerous secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenes, essential oil, tannins, vitamins and mineral components. It is characterized by antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytostatic and immunosuppressive activity. Research on laboratory animals indicates that the cup plant accelerates wound healing and indicate hypolipemic and estrogenic activity. Numerous reports confirm, that this plant also has a strengthening, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antihemorrhagic and spasmolytic activity. In addition, it is used in the healing diseases of the liver and spleen, and also heals gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Wpływ ekstraktów z liści kaliny koralowej (Viburnum opulus L.) na wzrost ludzkich komórek jelita
Authors: Chojnacka Katarzyna , Owczarek Katarzyna , Caban Miłosz , Fichna Jakub , Sosnowska Dorota , Redzynia Małgorzata , Lewandowska Urszula
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) is a plant rich in phenols. Chlorogenic acid is a main compound responsible for its antioxidant activity. This plant also has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, for this reason it is used for prevention, as well as for the treatment of many diseases, mainly those of the genitourinary tract, but also of the heart or lungs. So far, there are few studies that suggest V. opulus has anti-cancer activity and could become a supplement in such therapies. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the effect of both leaf extract (ELK) and phenol-rich leaf extract from cranberrybush (FELK) on the growth of colon cancer and normal colon cells. Material and methods. The HPLC method allowed to estimate the chemical composition of ELK and FELK. In addition, two colon cancer cell lines HT29 and SW480 were used, as well as normal epithelial cells CCD841CoN. The cells were treated with various concentrations of V. opulus extracts. The cell viability was assessed by MTT test after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. Results. ELK and FELK extracts had moderate effect on the inhibition of HT29 cell growth. The cell viability of SW480 was much more pronounced after ELK and FELK treatment. The FELK extract inhibited the growth of HT29 and SW480 more significantly compared to ELK. The growth of CCD841CoN cells was higher after FELK treatment than ELK. Conclusions. The purified leaf extract of V. opulus (FELK) was richer in phenolic compounds than the unpurified ELK, more significantly inhibited the growth of HT29 and SW480 colon cancer cells as well as had a more gentle influence on the growth of normal epithelial CCD841CoN colon cells.
Zawartość związków fenolowych w ekstrakcie z propolisu oraz ocena jego aktywności przeciwutleniającej i cytoochronnej względem erytrocytów ludzkich w warunkach stresu oksydacyjnego in vitro
Authors: Woźniak Magdalena , Mrówczyńska Lucyna , Waśkiewicz Agnieszka , Babicka Marta , Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta , Ratajczak Izabela
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Propolis (bee glue) is a natural product collected by honeybees from buds of various trees, shrubs and other plant species. Extracts of propolis possess numerous biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer. For this reason, propolis is currently used in many applications, such as preparations for cold syndrome, dermatological preparations or as a constituent of nutritional supplements and health food. The chemical composition of this natural material is very complex and depending on many factors, including method of extraction and selection of the solvent for the extraction process. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine concentration of selected phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) in extract of Polish propolis and estimate its antioxidant activity and effect on human red blood cells. Material and methods. In the propolis extract was determined concentration of 14 flavonoids and 9 phenolic acids using ultra-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode detector and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The antioxidant potential of propolis extract was evaluated applying DPPH˙ free radical scavenging activity assay and Fe3+ reducing power assay. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and cytoprotective potential of propolis extract was estimated using human erythrocytes in vitro. Results. The propolis extract contained high concentration of pinocembrin, galangin, chrysin, apigenin, kaempferol, coumaric acid and cinnamic acid. It exhibited also high antioxidant potential. The antiradical activity of examined propolis extract was equal to 75% approx. activity of both standard antioxidants used in the study, namely Trolox and BHT. The reducing power of extract was equal to 65% approx. of Trolox and 80% of BHT, respectively. The propolis extract had no hemolytic activity, moreover, effectively protected human erythrocytes against free radicals-induced damage in vitro. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the propolis extract of national origin is a rich source of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Therefore, the propolis extract possesses a high antioxidant potential and can protect erythrocytes against free radicals-induced oxidative hemolysis.
Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Cz. 2. Rozwar wielkokwiatowy (Platycodon grandiflorus) – źródło nowego surowca saponinowego
Authors: Ekiert Halina , Sondej Agnieszka , Klimek-Szczykutowicz Marta , Ekiert Radosław J. , Szopa Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

In the one of the last supplements to the European Pharmacopoeia (Supl. 9.4) figures several herbal medicinal raw materials, so far unknown and not used in official Central European phytotherapy. In the first part of planed article series, the therapeutic values of species from Bupleurum genus, which are a new saponin providing raw materials, were presented. The second part is devoted to the botanical, ecological and chemical characteristics of Platycodon grandiflorus (balloon flower). This species also provides the new saponin raw material – Platycodi radix. The major part of the article is concerned to the review of different therapeutic applications of that raw material confirmed by the scientific researches. In the article the well established use in the traditional chinese medicine was emphasized. Moreover, the attention was paid also on the fact, that for about 20 years, plant has had the World Health Organization (WHO) monograph. In addition, the importance of the plant in the food and cosmetic industry was pointed. The aim of the article is familiarization with the basic knowledge about this species in the pharmaceutical and medical environment.
Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Część 3. Ligusticum chuanxiong (Podagrycznik chiński) – zródło nowego surowca olejkowego
Authors: Ekiert Halina , Sondej Agnieszka , Jafernik Karolina , Szopa Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

The European Pharmacopoeia, Supplement 9.4, one of the newest published pharmacopoeial documents, besides new saponin-bearing raw materials (Bupleuri radix and Platycodi radix) characterized in part 1 and 2 of the series of articles, lists also other new plant raw materials, long known in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) but earlier unknown in official European medicine. Part 3 of the series of articles presents botanical, ecological and chemical characterization of Ligusticum chuanxiong – Sechuan lovage. Rhizome of this species – Ligustici chuanxiong rhizoma is an essential oil-bearing raw material that has long been used in TCM to treat most of all different gynecological ailments and pain of different etiologies. Professional scientific studies documented a wide range of its possible therapeutic applications, e.g. improvement of the cardiovascular system function, and its antioxidant and anticancer properties. A review of pharmacological studies of this raw material was subject to most attention in the article. The aim of the article is to present basic knowledge on Sechuan lovage, which appears indispensable in professional contacts of pharmacists, medical doctors and phytotherapists with patients.
Immunostymulujące działanie propolisu
Authors: Kędzia Bogdan , Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

Research on experimental animals conducted for nearly 30 years clearly prove that the ethanol and water extracts of propolis provided parenterally have an immunostimulatory effect. In addition, it was revealed that in case of experimental animals immunized with specific antigens, the influence of propolis extracts and their components increased the agglutination titre, phagocytosis and antibody production compared to the antigens themselves. Contemporary research on immunostimulatory properties of propolis extracts clearly indicate the activation of macrophages and the increase of antimicroorganisms immunity, as well as stimulation of the antibody production under the influence of ethanol and water extracts from propolis and their components (immunoadjuvants).The most important immunostimulatory components of propolis include caffeic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acids and caffeic phenylethyl ester (CAPE). The research presented in this study creates the possibility of applying propolis extracts and their components in practice for the production of immune serum on an industrial scale.
Cerebral hypoperfusion necessitating additional bypass following hunterian ligation of the internal carotid artery despite reassuring intraoperative challenges: Video case report
Authors: Housley Steven B. , Vakharia Kunal , Waqas Muhammad , Siddiqui Adnan H.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Hunterian ligation has been adapted for complex intracranial aneurysm repair when other, more modern techniques are insufficient. Before drastic alteration of cerebral blood flow dynamics, intraoperative challenges and consideration of blood flow dynamics must be completed to ensure adequate perfusion postligation. On satisfaction, ligation may proceed; however, subtle changes related to hypoperfusion may not be immediately observed during intraoperative challenge under general anesthesia and/or before onset of the vasospasm window.

Case Description:

In this report, we describe a patient who presented with a Hunt-Hess Grade III subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), with a right internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion and a ruptured giant left ICA aneurysm. Endovascular treatment of the aneurysm was aborted because the nominal, 9 mm diameter of the ICA was too large for any intracranial balloon or stent. Three days later, she underwent a left-sided “insurance” extracranial-tointracranial arterial bypass (EIAB) using the superficial temporal artery simultaneously with hunterian ligation of the left ICA following reassuring results on intraoperative occlusion challenge. Over several days, her neurologic condition declined concurrent with the vasospasm window, and a right-sided EIAB was required to augment vascular supply. Following a protracted hospital course, the patient became progressively more independent and is currently residing in an assisted living facility.

Conclusion:

We illustrate an ultimately successful microsurgical treatment option in the setting of acute SAH that highlights the importance of cerebrovascular reserve and blood flow replacement in the setting of a compromised circle of Willis, especially during the vasospasm window.
The Relationship between Direct Language Learning Strategies and English Learning Proficiency at Senior High School Students
Authors: Arisman Rizal
Published: January 2021

Learning strategies are applied by students to improve their studies. Suitable language learning strategies result in proficiency which is improved and greater self-confidence. Most researches observe the language learning strategies without dividing which affect more between direct and indirect strategy toward learning proficiency. Therefore, this research was conducted to find out whether the direct language learning strategies had a positive relationship and significant effect toward English learning proficiency on senior high school students. An ex-post-facto method with a correlational design was applied in this research. The population was 410 students at the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 1 Baubau and selected 75 students as the sample using a simple random sampling technique. The instruments used were the SILL (Strategy Inventory for Language Learning) and the English proficiency test. The results of descriptive statistics indicate the compensation strategies were the most dominant learning strategy used by the eleventh-grade students with the mean score was 2.66. From the result of hypothesis testing, it was obtained the positive relationships and significant effect of those three kinds of strategies toward English proficiency on the eleventh-grade students. Besides, the memory strategies have the highest correction with the score of correlation is 0.756.
Leveraging Surface Siloxide Electronics to Enhance Relaxation Properties of a Single-Molecule Magnet
Authors: Korzynski Maciej , Berkson Zachariah , Le Guennic Boris , Cador Olivier , Copéret Christophe
Published: January 2021

Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) hold promise for unmatched information storage density as well as applications in quantum computing and spintronics. To date, the most successful SMMs are organometallic lanthanide complexes. However, their surface immobilization, one of the requirements for device fabrication and commercial application, remains challenging due to sensitivity of magnetic properties to small changes in the electronic structure of the parent SMM. Thus, finding controlled approaches to SMM surface deposition is a timely challenge. In this contribution we apply the concept of isolobality to identify siloxides present at the surface of partially dehydroxylated silica as a suitable replacement for archetypal ligand architectures in organometallic SMMs. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that isolated siloxide anchorages not only enable successful immobilization, but also lead to two-orders-of-magnitude increase in magnetization relaxation times and provide magnetic site dilution.
Surface-Induced Dissociation of Anionic vs Cationic Native-like Protein Complexes
Authors: Harvey Sophie , VanAernum Zachary , Wysocki Vicki
Published: January 2021

Characterizing protein-protein interactions, stoichiometries, and subunit connectivity is key to understanding how subunits assemble in biologically relevant multi-subunit protein complexes. Native mass spectrometry (nMS) has emerged as a powerful tool to study protein complexes due to its low sample requirements and tolerance for heterogeneity. For such nMS studies, positive mode ionization is routinely used and charge reduction, through the addition of solution additives, is often used, as the resulting lower charge states are often more compact and considered more native like. When studied with surface-induced dissociation, charge reduced complexes often give increased structural information over their “normal-charged” counter parts. A disadvantage of charge-reduction is that increased adduction, and hence peak broadening, is often observed when charge-reducing solution additives are present. Recent studies have shown that protein complexes ionized using negative mode generally form in lower charge states relative to positive mode. Here we demonstrate that the lower charged protein complex anions, activated by SID in an ultrahigh mass range Orbitrap mass spectrometer, fragment in a manner consistent with their solved structure, hence providing substructural information. Negative mode ionization in ammonium acetate offers the advantage of charge reduction without the peak broadening associated with solution phase charge reduction additives and provides direct structural information, when coupled with SID.
Pyridylphosphonium Salts as Alternatives to Cyanopyridines in Radical-Radical Coupling Reactions
Authors: Greenwood Jacob W. , McNally Andrew
Published: January 2021

Radical couplings of cyanopyridine radical anions represent a valuable technology for functionalizing pyridines, which are prevalent throughout pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials. Installing the cyano group, necessary for radical anion stabilization, is challenging and limits the use of this chemistry to simple cyanopyridines. We discovered that pyridyl phosphonium salts, installed regioselectively from C-H precursors, are useful alternatives to cyanopyridines in radical-radical coupling reactions, expanding the scope of this reaction manifold to complex pyridines. Methods for both alkylation and amination of pyridines mediated by photoredox catalysis are described. Additionally, we demonstrate late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals, highlighting an advantage of pyridyl phosphonium salts over cyanopyridines.
Irreversible Inhibition of BoNT/A Protease: Unique Warhead Reactivity and Function Contingent upon a Bifunctional Approach
Authors: Turner Lewis , Nielsen Alexander Lund , Lin Lucy , Pellett Sabine , Sugane Takashi , Olsen Margaret , Johnson Eric , janda Kim
Published: January 2021

We describe a comprehensive screening campaign of warheads, linked to a hydroxamate chelating anchor, for the modification of Cys165 within the BoNT/A protease. Engaging thorough enzyme kinetics, we detail a remarkable proximity-driven covalent bond with an epoxide warhead, a weak electrophile; yet, one that possessed superior irreversible inhibition, and pharmacological properties, when compared to intrinsically higher reactive warheads. This directed, selective covalent bond was contingent upon the crucial hydroxamate-Zn2+ chelating interaction as exemplified by examining non-chelating compounds. We discuss previous approaches using non-target selective cysteine-reactive warheads to modify the BoNT/A protease of which none present any therapeutic potential – our bifunctional strategy allows the use of intrinsically less reactive warheads to intercept the cysteine, which will allow for less off-target modifications of such inhibitors. Moreover, we also broach that this bifunctional approach is not a one-off strategy that we believe can be broadly translated to other metalloproteases that possess non-catalytic, yet, nucleophilic residues within the enzymes catalytic sphere.
Chain-Growth Condensation Polymerization of Propargyl Electrophiles Enabled by Copper Catalysis
Authors: Sun Han-Li , Liu Da-Qi , Wang Jun-Jie , Niu Dawen , Zhu Rong
Published: January 2021

In the pursuit of creating macromolecules with controlled molecular weight, sequence, and end groups, condensation polymerization remains an underexploited synthetic tool because of its intrinsic step-growth nature. Introducing chain-growth pathways into condensation polymerization calls for highly efficient chemistries that effect the challenging differentiation between functional groups of the same type present in monomers and polymers. Here, we address this challenge by a catalyst bifurcation strategy that enables a copper-catalyzed chain-growth condensation polymerization. Using a copper(I) arylacetylide as an initiator/precatalyst along with a phosphine ligand, polydiynes of controllable molecular weights and end groups are synthesized from readily available propargyl carbonates, including a block copolymer. This method provides a new chain-growth access to functional acetylenic polymers, a class of useful materials that have been obtained essentially by step-growth methods to date. This work demonstrates the power of dual-role transition metal catalysis in accomplishing unusual selectivity in organic synthesis.
The Straightforward Route Towards the Theoretical Specific Free Enthalpy of Electrochemical Reactions
Authors: Pawelke Roland Hermann
Published: January 2021

This paper outlines a simple yet precise method for identifying the theoretical specific free enthalpy of electrochemical reactions on basis of the ideal gas law, equilibrium thermodynamics and Faraday's law, exploiting the normative role of the standard hydrogen electrode in electrochemistry. The result of this approach are discussed in relation to four battery cell reaction examples: LiCoO2/C6, LiFePO4/C6, sodium-sulfur (NAS) and NaCl–Ni (ZEBRA). The agreement between calculated and practical values is near-excellent for even stoichiometries which bespeaks the virtually ideal nature of reversible reactions and the quality of the practical optimization efforts alike. These findings highlight the principal nature of intrinsic thermodynamic limitation to equilibrium mass transfer and its key role towards understanding reversible chemical energy storage in a global sense.
Effectiveness of Information Education Communication Knowledge Regarding Dengu Fever Prevention Among Under Five Mothers
Authors: Sindhu Priya  , Pasupathi A A
Published: January 2021

Dengue fever is the most well-known mosquito-borne viral contamination globally. It is a significant medical condition, chiefly influencing the kids in the South East Asian area since 1950. In 2012 the World Health Organization (WHO) positioned dengue as the quickest spreading vector-borne viral disease, going through a 30-overlap increment in illness occurrence in the course of recent years. Up to 50-100 million diseases are presently assessed to happen every year in more than 100 endemic nations, putting practically 50% of the total populace in danger. Worldwide circulation of dengue fever is assessed as 100 million new instances of dengue fever and 22,000 deaths generally among youngsters happen worldwide every year including 500,000 instances of a possibly deadly type of malady, Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The study aim is to assess the effectiveness of an information booklet regarding dengue fever and its prevention among under-five mothers. A descriptive research design with purposing sampling technique was adopted to conduct a study among mothers of under-five children. Data was gathered by using structured questionnaires. Among 100 samples out of 61 samples (61%) have inadequate knowledge, 39 samples (39%) have moderate knowledge and none of them had adequate knowledge in the pre-test. Among 100 samples out of 17 samples (17%) have moderate knowledge, 83 samples (83%) have adequate knowledge and none of them had inadequate knowledge in post-test. The study shows that it is an association between the demographic variables of mothers of under-five children regarding prevention of dengue fever. There was a statistically significant found in significant family income. The studies concluded that there is an association between the demographic variables of mothers of under-five children regarding prevention of dengue fever. There was a statistically significant found in significant family income.
O PAPEL DO ODONTOLEGISTA ACERCA DA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE VÍTIMAS NOS DESASTRES EM MASSA/ The role of the dentist regarding the identification of victims in mass disasters
Authors: Souza Lopes Pedro Henrique , De Carvalho Nogueira Emerson Filipe , Aurélio Nogueira de Carvalho-Filho Marcos
Published: January 2021

Nos casos de Identificação de Vítimas por Desastres (IVD), o odontolegista possui fundamental importância na resolução de casos complexos. Existem metodologias que podem ser aplicadas nos casos de IVD, porém, em algumas situações, pode haver limitações como carbonização dos corpos ou a falta de familiares para a análise comparativa do DNA. Assim, a utilização de metodologias odontológicas como comparações de exames de imagem e arcada dentárias, papiloscopias, etc., é importante ferramenta para a correta identificação, fornecendo assim as informações necessárias para os casos judiciais e para a posterior devolução para os familiares. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo ressaltar a importância do Odontolegista na equipe de Perícia Forense. Para tanto, foi realizado uma revisão bibliográfica não sistemática, utilizando como base de dados as plataformas PubMed, Scielo e ScienceDirect, sendo um total de 20 artigos. Através desta revisão, foi constatado que o odontolegista desempenha um papel fundamental na equipe da perícia forense, pois o mesmo realiza comparações Ante-mortem (AM) e Post-mortem (PM), através das radiografias, e pode fornecer uma reserva de DNA encontrada nos elementos dentários, não sendo restrito somente a comparação das arcadas dentárias. Foi constatado também que a perícia odontológica possui eficácia nos casos de IVD, principalmente quando associada a outros métodos como a análise de DNA.
SELECTION OF A RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL DRUG FOR POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY OF THE MYOCARDIAL FOR PLANNING CORONARY INTERVENTIONS
Authors: A.D. Kudryavtsev , I.А. Znamenskiy , A.V. Sozykin , D.Yu. Mosin , A.V. Shlykov , P.G. Emelyanov , L.M. Ulyanova
Published: January 2021

A study comparing the effectiveness of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose and rubidium-82 in positron emission tomography for planning coronary interventions was carried out. 37 PET studies with 18-FDG were performed in patients with complaints of angina pectoris, previously identified atherosclerotic vascular changes, coronary intervention for a history of ischemic heart disease or myocardial infarction. As a result, 3 patients were found to have defects in FDG metabolism corresponding to cicatricial changes in the background of a previous myocardial infarction. After examination, a representative group of 11 patients was selected for PET with rubidium-82. According to the results of the study, one patient had a myocardial perfusion defect corresponding to the FDG ametabolism zone. In two patients, the study in exercise revealed a defect in myocardial perfusion, which was not previously determined. Subsequent coronary angiography confirmed the presence of hemodynamically significant stenosis of the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery, in the basin of which a perfusion defect was detected. The results obtained make it possible to diagnose the presence of incoming myocardial ischemia in a patient. The study revealed the advantages of PET with rubidium-82 over PET with 18-FDG when planning coronary interventions.
Keywords. positron emission tomography, PET, radiology, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose, rubidium chloride-82.
La producción de conocimientos médicos en el Ecuador
Authors: Naranjo Plutarco
Published: January 2021

Se han identificado 46 <<Centros de producción de conocimientos científicos, considerándolos como tales a aquellos en los que en forma ocasional o sistemática se han efectuado investigaciones originales y se han publicado uno o más trabajos en los últimos tres años. Diecisiete pertenecen al sector público, 12 al de educación superior y el resto a instituciones privadas.

La tendencia dominante es de investigaciones de carácter clínico, basada especialmente en las observaciones clinico-patológicas que se efectúan en los hospitales y más instituciones de servicios público. Hay muy escasa investigación básica y por lo menos dos instituciones privadas se deciden sobre todo a la investigación de problemas de desnutrición y bocio.

Las investigaciones se realizan, en la generalidad de los casos, por iniciativa del investigador y no están previamente programados dentro de las actividades institucionales.  La productividad durante los últimos años ha sido bastante baja, con la publicación de solo de 15 a 20 investigaciones por año.    

Se impone como una necesidad impostergable el de programar investigaciones futuras con miras a realizar una labor coordinada entre los diversos investigadores a fin de atender necesidades nacionales y no solamente motivaciones de orden personal. Es indispensable incrementar investigaciones básicas en problemas patológicos propios del Ecuador; mejorar la investigación clínica y sobre todo rescatar la enorme información que existe en historias clínicas de archivos de hospitales. Es indispensable programar investigaciones epidemiológicas o médico-sociales.  

Lo anterior implica la formulación de objetivos y prioridades. Se aprecia la falta del Plan Nacional de Salud, dentro del cual deberían estas contemplados las investigaciones médicas. El objetivo fundamental de la investigacion medica en el Ecuador deber ser el de preservar y mejorar el estado de salud de la población ecuatoriana y, en segundo lugar, contribuir al progreso de las ciencias médicas, en general. Por consiguientes a falta de un Plan Nacional de Salud es necesario emprender en acciones a corto plazo, como la de reunir seminarios especiales con los propios investigadores y dirigentes de instituciones médicas, a fin de definir cuales son los principales problemas de salud, la prioridad y urgencia de su solución, las metas a seguirse y los recursos disponibles. Sobre esta base deberá definirse la política de investigación médica en el Ecuador.
La ética médica, importancia y regulación jurídica
Authors: Vallejo Zambrano Cristhian Rubén , Espinosa Cedeño María José , Steinzappir Navia Mendel Arnaldo , Morán Rodríguez Vanessa Estefanía , Zambrano Ordoñez Washington Enrique , Villavicencio Mendoza Walter Geovanny , Zambrano Campozano Carlos Andrés , Azúa Zambrano María Cristina , Mendoza Pruss Jorge Rene , Beltrán Cevallos Andrés Medardo
Published: January 2021

Como signo de una insatisfacción o desasosiego más general con nuestra civilización, algunos autores señalan que en la actualidad existe un “malestar de la medicina” (parafraseando el conocido libro de Freud) que se expresa en síntomas más o menos evidentes: médicos desilusionados, soluciones agotadas, pacientes desengañados, popularidad rampante de las llamadas “medicinas alternativas”, y una espiral creciente de los costos (1). La aparición de la pandemia del COVID-19 ha desatado ancestrales temores y reanimado multitud de teorías conspirativas, ecos de profecías apocalípticas. Algunos teóricos arriesgan la hipótesis de que esta nueva dolencia, que se extendió por todo el planeta ocasionando la muerte de millones de personas e impactando la economía, la política y las ideas, es resultado del desajuste ocasionado por la industrialización generalizada en el modelo económico globalizado y la concepción según la cual la Naturaleza está allí como una especie de almacén de donde nuestra especie puede extraer infinitos productos, sin preocuparse por los desequilibrios que cause. Se han recordado otras pestes que han asolado anteriormente y otros casos de dolencias zoonóticas que pasan virus del Reino Animal a la Humanidad, pero la rapidez del contagio y la abundancia de mensajes apocalípticos que ha motivado, ha puesto de relieve de nuevo el obsesivo temor acerca de nuestra salud, como ausencia de enfermedades, pero más allá, y siguiendo las definiciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el logro de un estado de bienestar deseado.
DIÁLOGOS PERTINENTES - v.10–n.1–jan./jun. 2014
Authors: Autores Vários
Published: January 2021

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A oralidade na era do Inglês como Língua Franca: percepções de professores de inglês em formação
Authors: Brawerman Albini Andressa
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar como os professores de inglês em formação percebem o aspecto da oralidade dentro do contexto do Inglês como Língua Franca (ILF). O instrumento utilizado para averiguar esta questão foi um questionário aplicado a estudantes de Letras Português-Inglês de uma universidade pública, contendo perguntas relacionadas à oralidade (compreensão e produção oral e pronúncia) e às emoções dos alunos quanto ao ensino de língua inglesa. Estudos sobre ILF, inteligibilidade e Lingua Franca Core servem de referencial teórico, fundamentado principalmente em pesquisas desenvolvidas por Jenkins (2000), Walker (2010), Jenkins et al. (2011), Canagarajah (1999, 2005, 2006) e House (2012). Após a análise das respostas ao questionário, verificou-se que os estudantes dão grande importância ao ensino e à prática das habilidades orais e preocupam-se com a inteligibilidade e a compreensão mútua.  Conclui-se, então, que há grande influência do ILF na formação desses estudantes, o que leva a crer que a principal contribuição deste estudo seja conscientizar os estudantes e futuros professores de inglês que é possível comunicar-se eficazmente, sem medo de errar, sabendo que conhecer uma outra língua envolve vários aspectos que vão além da precisão da fala.
AÇÕES COLABORATIVAS VISANDO À INCLUSÃO: UM OLHAR PARA A LEITURA E A ESCRITA DE UM ALUNO COM TRANSTORNOS FUNCIONAIS ESPECÍFICOS
Authors: Batista blum Maria andreia , Angelo Cristiane
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa aborda o processo colaborativo de formação teórica e metodológica desenvolvido com um professor que atua no 4º ano do ensino fundamental e, em contra turno, em Sala de Recursos Multifuncional (SRM), no atendimento a um aluno que apresenta transtornos funcionais específicos, no contexto de uma escola pública do Paraná. Com base teórica nos estudos do Círculo de Bakhtin, frente à necessidade de interação entre os sujeitos envolvidos, e de Vygotsky, para quem o conhecimento se forma no interior das relações sociais, e com base metodológica nos pressupostos da pesquisa colaborativa, buscou-se orientar o professor no trabalho com a leitura e a escrita junto ao aluno que apresenta necessidades educacionais especiais.
A RELAÇÃO FALA – ESCRITA NAS REDES SOCIAIS E A QUESTÃO DOS MULTILETRAMENTOS EM CONTEXTO MULTILINGUE
Authors: Abdula Rajabo Alfredo Mugabo
Published: January 2021

Quando falamos acerca escrita nas redes sociais dificilmente se torna separá-la da oralidade. A escrita e a oraldade se fundem nas redes sociais quebrando o conceito tradicional de escrita. As redes sociais tornaram-se espaços para exposição de novos gêneros, de multiletramentos, principalmente quando se fala de sociedades multilingues, onde há influência de uma língua na outra por causa do contato. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os casos de letramento digital a partir de dados extraídos do facebook e  discutir como a escola deve tratar os casos de letramento digital em sala de aula. O estudo foi feito a partir de conversas do facebook feitas pelos residentes de Quelimane, em Moçambique, que falam a língua local, o echúwabo, e a língua portuguesa.
O feminismo em dicionários de língua portuguesa: uma abordagem discursiva
Authors: Da Silva Marianna Lima , Galli Fernanda Correa Silveira
Published: January 2021

A palavra feminismo tem circulado, de forma recorrente, nos discursos das mídias e das redes sociais. A partir da discursivização, mas não só, de que o feminismo não é bem compreendido pela população, optamos por analisar esse verbete (feminismo) pela perspectiva da Lexicografia Discursiva (Orlandi, 2000; Nunes, 2008 e Pontes e Santos, 2014) em dois diferentes dicionários: o Houaiss (2009) – na versão impressa, e o Dicio – na versão online. O primeiro, porque é uma das obras lexicográficas mais consagradas da nossa língua; o segundo, porque acreditamos ser um dicionário bastante acessado e/ou consultado, uma vez que é a primeira indicação do site de buscas Google. Nossa análise considera os elementos e a ordem de sua apresentação na microestrutura de cada um dos verbetes e as definições acompanhadas de suas abreviações e seus exemplos (em alguns casos). Notamos que, embora o texto lexicográfico seja visto por muitos teóricos como neutro e imparcial, ele se configura como discurso, atravessado por uma formação ideológica e suas condições de produção.
TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO EDUCACIONAL: UMA PERSPECTIVA CRÍTICA
Authors: Vergna Márcia Aparecida
Published: January 2021

Tem-se observado um discurso crescente acerca da necessidade de utilização de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação no espaço escolar, quer seja para o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades relacionadas a práticas da cultura digital, quer seja para a melhoria dos processos educacionais. A partir de uma perspectiva crítica, este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a integração dos artefatos digitais na educação, tendo como aporte teórico, principalmente, os estudos de Neil Selwyn. Após as reflexões, infere-se que, na atualidade, muitas vezes, tem-se atribuído à tecnologia centralidade no processo educacional, em detrimento da dimensão humana, posicionando o professor, como mero coadjuvante no processo de ensino aprendizagem, creditando ao artefato tecnológico a garantia de uma educação de qualidade. Espera-se que o estudo possa contribuir para suscitar outras reflexões sobre educação e artefatos tecnológicos digitais no contexto educacional.
BATTLE OF BRITAIN: LONDON IN LONDONERS’ COMMEMORATIONS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Khalilova Lyudmila A.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the Blitz commemorations of the citizens of London. Such WWII memoirs are extremely precious since they give the reader a first-person view of the witness’s actions, feelings, experiences. Reminiscences make us deeply involved in different events of the Blitz, showing both the unbelievable ruthlessness of the enemy and the endeavor of the citizens of the British capital to retain their human nature. The Blitz period has originated a lot of accounts connected with the scale of bombardment. The present papertacklesthe recollections ofrenownedwriters,war correspondents, artists, people at work – firefighters and local defense volunteers. Ordinary citizens – grown-ups and children – were also among the onlookers. Ernie Pyle, a famous journalist, presented a description of blanket night bombings, one of which resulted in the Second Great Fire of London. Virginia Woolf did not only describe her feelings during an air raid but also reflected on future peace. Eyewitnesses’ accounts convey the images of devastation, sufferings, horror. And, at the same time, people stayed heroic and defiant, they continued living among the ruins – sheltering, developing their own mini-governments in the Tube, playing cricket amidst debris, digging for victory. Moreover, as Henry Morton, another famous journalist and traveler, reported, Londoners had not lost their sense of humor even under unrelenting bombardment. The documentary sources indicate that the spirits were high: the old and the young, the rich and the poor were getting along, joined together. Those people were
TURKISH CONCEPT OF PROXY-WAR
Authors: Shagov Andrey
Published: January 2021

The article examines military-political methods, including elements of proxy-war, used by the state leadership of Turkey at the present stage. It is argued that the Turkish leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan, influencing the jihadists participating in hostilities in Syria, is trying to solve the Kurdish problem, which is "inconvenient" for the Turkish political elite. It is concluded that following the ambitions of its president to expand Turkish influence in the region in the light of the concept of “reviving the Ottoman Empire”, Turkey can get a war on three fronts, even if so far in the “proxy” format.
The main directions of the development of legislation in the field of traffic management in major cities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shabunya Vadim
Published: January 2021

The article considers the main directions and problems of the formation and development of legislation in the field of traffic management in major cities of the Russian Federation in order to ensure the effective operation of the urban transport system, as well as the effective planning and management of its work.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE TRADITIONAL SYSTEM OF REALIZATION OF INTERESTS AND RIGHTS OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Authors: Usenkov Ivan , Ponomarev Aleksandr
Published: January 2021

The article examines the main areas of the system of implementing the rights and obligations of economic entities that have significant transformational potential, identifies and systematizes the key areas of development and problems in these areas, and suggests options for further optimizing development. The article summarizes specific areas where reforms are already taking place, analyzes the latest legislative changes in these areas and the results of their testing, and draws conclusions about the main directions of the state's legislative thought.

The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project №18-78-10075).