bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of precast monolithic slab with flexible connections
Authors: Baktygulov Kadanbai , Ordobaev Beishenbek Sydykbekovich , Atantaev Istanbek Akmatovich
Published: June 2024

The paper presents a method of calculating a precast-monolithic slab of new construction with flexible ties. The relevance of the problem lies in the development of a new design of precast-monolithic reinforced concrete slab, which leads to a reduction in the labor intensity of erection, simplification of the joint between the slab and the purlin, the convenience of placing communications within the height of the structure, etc. and the model of its calculation. For the calculation of such structures, a calculation method is proposed that considers the operation of composite elements with flexible links. The article shows the advantages of the method of concentrated deformations over other methods in the construction of the calculation model, determination of stiffness characteristics, internal forces, displacement calculation. The results obtained are close to the experimental studies, which were carried out on full-scale samples. It is concluded that the developed design serves for repair, reconstruction and construction of frame buildings, and the proposed calculation methodology quite accurately describes the operation of such structures.
Prediction of the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams with a rectangular cross-section using the basic principles of machine learning
Authors: Alekseytsev Anatoly , Cui Yao , Roslyakova Alexandra
Published: June 2024

A step-by-step implementation of a machine learning algorithm for estimating the capacity of rectangular sections of reinforced concrete beams is considered. In this case, prestressing is not taken into account. Dependencies for strength determination based on analytical models are given, as well as the solution to the linear regression equation. The minimisation of the MSE between the data obtained from the linear regression equation and the analytical model is used as a metric to assess the quality of the predictions. A preliminary prediction of the ultimate moment is given in the case of considering a single working rebar and the plastic nature of normal section failure. The approach presented has prospects for use in the study of the load-bearing capacity of steel structures. For example, in stochastic optimisation algorithms, technical condition assessment and damage propagation prediction, structural investigation of accident causes, load identification, etc.
Ultimate load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete pylon under dynamic loading with bending and torsional moments
Authors: Kurchenko Natalya , Yurusov Konstantin
Published: June 2024

The ultimate capacity of a compressed rectangular pylon was analysed by constructing the ultimate surface. The compressive force, bending moment and torsional moment caused by the peculiarities of the load application were taken into account. The calculations were carried out in a dynamic formulation, taking into account the non-linear behaviour of the structure. The classical plasticity model was used for the concrete and the elastic-plastic model for the reinforcement in the form of a bilinear diagram without hardening. The dynamic strength limit surface is used to evaluate the mechanical safety of the considered structure. In this case, in addition to the guarantee of the absence of complete destruction of the structure, the risk of material losses is taken into account, which can be prevented at the occurrence of one or another emergency situation. As a result, practical aspects of mechanical safety assessment and risk calculation algorithms, which can be used by designers and researchers, are presented on the example of an 8 m high pylon made of heavy concrete and reinforced with welded rebar cages. The work has prospects of generalisation to columns and pylons of complex shape.
Features of modeling the heat transfer through the external corner
Authors: Umnyakova Nina
Published: June 2024

The geometry of the outer corner of the wall causes a decrease of temperature on the inner surface of the wall near the corner. This is especially evident in the corners of walls made of logs or timber, in which the thermal conductivity and heat absorption along the fibers is higher than across the fibers. Due to the anisotropic structure of wood, the temperature at the top of the inner surface of the outer corner is even lower than in single-layer stone walls with the same level of thermal protection. The article developed a new approach to calculating the temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner, considering the thermal conductivity of the material and its heat absorption coefficient. For wooden walls, this method considers the different heat absorption coefficients of wood both across and along the fibers. The developed method for calculating the temperature of the inner surface of the wall on the top of the corner will allow evaluating the design solutions of the outer walls and, at the design stage, adjusting the wall structure in the outer corner area in order to exclude the possibility of condensation moisture forming on its inner surface.
Regulation of foreign exchange operations of commercial banks in financing construction projects
Authors: Askarova Aynura Kanybekovna , Satylganova Elvira Sheishembekovna , Samaibekova Asel Kubatbekovna , Omurzakova Umut Maratovna , Murzalieva Elnura Idirisbekovna
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted regulation of foreign exchange operations of commercial banks in financing construction projects. The expansion of international relations and internationalization of economic life, especially in view of the foreign economic activities of enterprises, make it necessary to study currency operations in special currency markets. In this context, commercial banks play an important role in reducing financial risks, especially currency risks in financing construction projects. Over the years of existence of the currency market in Kyrgyzstan, the experience of currency operations, currency trading and currency services for corporations and individuals has been accumulated, which proves the efficiency and profitability of such operations. In addition to receiving commissions, commercial banks also play a role in the financial stabilization of national monetary systems and international payment and settlement systems. In the context of inter-bank competition, the range of services offered to satisfy the foreign exchange needs of market participants is steadily growing, thanks to the development of international trade integration and considerable simplification of monetary circulation in the currency operations of banks around the world. The purpose of this study is to reveal the need for regulation of currency transactions in financing construction projects and in the financial-credit system and the digitalization of these processes.
Theoretical foundations of a generally accepted business management system in the construction industry
Authors: Salihovna Khoshanlo Amina
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the basics of a generally accepted business management system in the construction industry. Business is an integral part of any country’s economy, being its foundation, and successful business requires deep understanding of its system. Needless to say, business systems differ from country to country especially if there is construction planning in the company's projects, and have their own productivity; the present article deals with the generally accepted system with construction elements, dwelling upon such concepts as generally accepted rules of document flow; business principles; transactions; construction design, construction scheduling and execution of site plans; time management; increasing productivity and efficiency of finished products; raising the quality of products; expanding the customer base; improving software technologies; creating new programs tailored to the company’s specifics; increasing profits and minimizing costs; hiring qualified personnel; reducing unforeseen expenses and risks of bankruptcy; computerizing documentation; eliminating failures of software technologies; creating good advertising for the company; monitoring the work of the media, monitoring correct execution of commands among employees and enterprises that provide services and raw materials for production; finding raw materials at the lowest price, even better at cost; managing labor distribution to reduce time and duplication of labor duties; creating innovation centers in the enterprise.
The Professional and Entrepreneurial Element in Auditing
Authors: Andrienko Oleg Vladimirovich , Zhukov Sergei Pavlovich , Kiz Vladimir Vladimirovich , Levenson Anna Samuilovna , Stepanova Natalya Yurievna
Published: June 2024

The trust of society, investors, banks, and the state in the published information of economic entities is ensured through auditing, making auditing a public-legal function. The authors have analyzed the current state of the audit services market in Russia. As a result of the analysis conducted, inconsistencies in the state regulation of this function have been identified. Self-regulation of auditing in Russia, under the conditions of a non-alternative self-regulatory organization and strict control measures by government authorities, leads to a significant reduction in both auditors and auditing organizations, thereby reducing competition in the audit services market. The authors conclude that there are two components in auditing activities: professional and entrepreneurial, which have different goals and objectives. The authors identify insufficient implementation of professional elements in the activities of auditors and auditing organizations, as well as the predominance of entrepreneurial elements, as the prerequisites for problems in the industry's development and a decrease in society's trust in the work of auditors.
A Note on the yield spread of Russian green bonds
Authors: Belomyttseva Olga Svyatoslavovna , Andrienko Elena Aleksandrovna , Andrienko Oleg Vladimirovich , Fadeikina Natalia Vasilievna , Zakhmatov Dmitry Yurievich
Published: June 2024

The global market for ESG financial instruments is actively developing. In Russia, this segment is narrow but has significant prospects for growth. Green bonds serve as a classic ESG financial instrument. There is a hypothesis in literature that investors should be aware of sustainable development goals and accept lower yields when investing in green bonds. The authors tested this hypothesis using Sustainable Development Sector bonds on the Moscow Exchange. Bonds of six issuers that had both green and classic bonds were selected as instruments for the study. The research methods employed included statistical observation, measurement, and comparison. The following results were obtained: (1) the hypothesis was not confirmed, possibly due to the limited sample size and the status of the Russian financial market as an emerging one; (2) it is advisable to introduce tax incentives for individual and institutional investors regarding coupon income and discount of green bonds to actively develop the green bond market; (3) it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of tax support for issuers and investors from the government's perspective. The authors also identified challenges in the development of the green bond market and proposed future research directions, including analyzing yield spreads of green bonds on Chinese exchanges, studying green stocks, and mutual fund units.
Russian chemical industry's products in foreign markets in 2022
Authors: Savinkov Sergey V. , Kiselev Vladimir M. , Filin Sergey A. , Poltarykhin Andrey L. , Balakhanova Dariko K. , Batsaikhan Indra
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of the activities of enterprises of the Russian chemical industry in the foreign market conducted by the authors following the results of 2022, including the dynamics of exports and imports with countries of the far and near abroad, as well as purchases of goods by the state to meet state and municipal needs. It is shown that due to the current geopolitical situation, a number of Russian chemical industries are experiencing difficulties in the field of world trade, however, the trade balance remains positive, and trade is provided primarily by states friendly to our country, despite the fact that countries unfriendly to Russia have not stopped trading in chemical goods, despite sanctions. It should also be emphasized the importance of strengthening the measures taken by the state in the field of procurement from chemical enterprises in the field of all chemical products to ensure the domestic market and stimulate the development of the domestic chemical complex. The results of the analysis demonstrate the stability of the activity of the Russian sector of the economy associated with the chemical industry.
Development of physical and mathematical models of the duker to calculate the critical length of its sections between supports on the riverbed
Authors: Orlov Vladimir , Podolyan Dmitry
Published: June 2024

The issues related to the construction and diagnosis of ducker crossings, signs of their operable condition are considered, with an emphasis on the development of a mathematical model for determining the critical length of the underwater pipeline spans between its supports in an unstable riverbed. A water-filled steel ducker of a certain diameter and wall thickness is subject to consideration for calculating the critical length, where a set of initial data necessary for design and construction is determined on the basis of initial technical, hydraulic and strength parameters. The results of the automated calculation are presented, which reflect the values of the following parameters: drag forces, Reynolds numbers, Froude criteria, pipeline weight, pushing and stretching forces, longitudinal stresses in the pipe wall from internal pressure and tensile force. On the basis of the obtained printouts of the results of the automated calculation, an analysis of the possible change in the value of the critical length of the ducker transition between the supports in the case of correction or clarification of some parameters regarding changes in the flow rates of water in the river and the permissible value of the deflection boom of the pipeline between the supports was carried out.
Nucleosynthesis in low-mass stars: Shedding light on the cosmic origin of heavy elements
Authors: Goswami Aruna
Published: June 2024

Low-mass, low-metallicity stars while evolving through the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase undergo significant nucleosynthesis producing the majority of slow (s-) and intermedite (i-) neutron capture elements. To understand the contribution of low and intermediate-mass stars to the Galactic chemical enrichment it is therefore important to account for the products of AGB nucleosynthesis. High resolution optical spectroscopic studies of stars in the AGB phase are, however, quite challenging due to obscuration by surrounding dust envelopes. The carbon enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars ([C/Fe] ≥ 0.7), with enhanced abundances of neutron-capture elements, namely the CH, CEMP-s, CEMP-r/s, CEMP-i stars are known to be mostly binaries. The overabundance of carbon and the heavy elements observed in these stars are believed to have originated in a former AGB companion and subsequently transferred to the stars. The surface chemical composition of these stars can therefore be used to get insight into the origin and evolution of heavy elements and some poorly-understood aspects of AGB nucleosynthesis, such as, mixing of protons in C-rich layers that is needed to produce the required neutron source for neutron-capture nucleosynthesis. The CEMP-no group with no evidence of overabundance of neutron-capture elements dominate the population at the lowest metallicities and are mostly found to be single stars. The abundances of heavy neutron-capture elements as produced in their unseen precursors reveal important characteristics of first stellear populations. In the past few years, we have studied a large sample of Ba, CH, CEMP-s, CEMP-r/s and CEMPno stars based on high resolution spectroscopy to better understand the role of low-mass stars in the chemical enrichment of the Galaxy. In this talk, some highlights of the results obtained from these studies are presented. Our efforts towards providing an improved classification scheme for accurate classification of CEMP-s and CEMP-r/s stars and in characterizing the companion asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars of CH, CEMP-no, CEMP-s and CEMP-r/s binary systems are briefly discussed.
Nuclear reactions involving light elements & BBN
Authors: Lamia L.
Published: June 2024

Light elements play a key role in different scenario in astrophysics, ranging from primordial nucleosynthesis up to stellar nucleosynthesis and cosmic ray nucleosynthesis. The nuclear reaction cross section measurements of interest in primordial and stellar nucleosynthesis have been investigated in terrestrial laboratories via devoted experiments. However, because of the difficulties in reaching the Gamow energy windows of interest for such processes through direct approaches, the indirect Trojan Horse Method (THM) have been used in the last ’30 years for shedding light on some unsolved questions. After an introductory discussion about the role of the light elements, the discussion will be focused on the application of THM to two different case studies.
Abundance Anomalies in Red Giants
Authors: Reddy Bacham Eswar
Published: June 2024

The stellar theory is well developed to explain most of the inner workings of stars; however, researchers occasionally come across things that won’t comply with the general understanding. The two such phenomena are anomalously very high lithium and extremely low carbon abundances in red giants. Both problems were identified more than four decades ago, but still, there is no consensus on their origin. I will briefly describe the problem and the recent studies in understanding the origin of these rare groups of stars.
The n_TOF facility at CERN
Authors: Tagliente G. , Aberle O. , Alcayne V. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Bacak M. , Balibrea Correa J. , Bernardes A.P. , Berthoumieux E. , Beyer R. , Boromiza M. , Bosnar D. , Caamaño M. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Casanovas A. , Castelluccio D.M. , Cerutti F. , Cescutti G. , Chasapoglou S. , Chiaveri E. , Claps G. , Colombetti P. , Colonna N. , Console Camprini P. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M.A. , Cosentino L. , Cristallo S. , Dellmann S. , Diacono D. , Di Castro M. , Diakaki M. , Dietz M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Eslami M. , Fargier S. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Finocchiaro P. , Furman V. , Gandhi A. , García-Infantes F. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gervino G. , Gilardoni S. , González-Romero E. , Goula S. , Griesmayer E. , Guerrero C. , Gunsing F. , Gustavino C. , Heyse J. , Hillman W. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Junghans A. , Kadi Y. , Kaperoni K. , Kokkoris M. , Koll D. , Kopatch Y. , Krtička M. , Kyritsis N. , Ladarescu I. , Lederer-Woods C. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Lerner G. , Manna A. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Massimi C. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Maugeri E.A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Mengoni A. , Michalopoulou V. , Milazzo P.M. , Mucciola R. , Musacchio-Gonzalez E. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Pérez de Rada A. , Pérez-Maroto P. , Patronis N. , Pavón-Rodríguez J.A. , Pellegriti M.G. , Perkowski J. , Petrone C. , Piersanti L. , Pirovano E. , Plaza del Olmo J. , Pomp S. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Reifarth R. , Rochman D. , Romanets Y. , Rooney A. , Rubbia C. , Sánchez-Caballero A. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Scarpa D. , Schillebeeckx P. , Schumann D. , Smith A.G. , Sosnin N.V. , Spelta M. , Stamati M.E. , Tamburrino A. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Tarrío D. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Tosi S. , Tsiledakis G. , Valenta S. , Vaz P. , Vecchio G. , Vescovi D. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Weiss C. , Woods P.J. , Wright T. , Žugec P.
Published: June 2024

The neutron Time-of-Flight (TOF) research facility at CERN, n_TOF, has been a pioneering platform for neutron cross-section measurements since its inception in 2001. It boasts three distinct experimental areas, each tailored to address a specific range of neutron energies. This paper delves into the intricacies of the n_TOF facility, including its recent upgrade during the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) at CERN. Additionally, it highlights the key characteristics of the detectors employed for capture and fission cross-section measurements, paving the way for future research endeavors.
Impact of 13C Contamination on Neutron Yield Measurement in the 27AI(α, n) Reaction
Authors: Roy Rajat , Choudhury D. , Testov D. A. , Balabanski D. L. , Kuşoğlu A. , Lorusso G. , Söderström P.-A. , Aogaki S. , Ban S.-R. , Brezeanu M. , Burducea I. , Corbu R. , Cuciuc M. , Dhal A. , Djourelov N. , Florea N. , Gavrilescu A. , Gheorghiu C. , Guardo G. L. , Iancu D. , Lelasseux V. , Nedelcu C.V. , Pai H. , Parlea P. , Petruse T. , Rotaru A. , Singh S. , State A.N. , Straticiuc M. , Toma V. , Tozar T.
Published: June 2024

We have performed the measurement of the 27Al(α, n) cross section at IFIN-HH for a range of energies from 2.5 to 5.2 MeV, using an array of 28 3He counters arranged in 3 concentric rings (ELIGANT-TN). Here we present the experimental setup and discuss the role of the 13C contamination which effects the measurements in the low-energy region. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy carried out before and after the experiment suggested an increase in the 13C concentration during the experiment.
Systematische Reviews zur Wirksamkeit der multidisziplinären
Rehabilitation
Authors: Salzwedel Annett , Rauch Bernhard
Published: June 2024

Die systematische Auswertung („Review“) und Metaanalyse der Ergebnisse
kontrollierter klinischer Studien gilt als „Goldstandard“ der evidenzbasierten
Medizin und kann dennoch zu unterschiedlichen und sogar vermeintlich
widersprüchlichen Ergebnissen führen. Die folgenden Ausführungen sollen helfen,
systematische Reviews zur multidisziplinären Rehabilitation korrekt zu
interpretieren, um kritische Schlussfolgerungen für die klinische Praxis zu
ermöglichen.
Fetal eye ultrasound: Normal anatomy, abnormal findings, and clinical impact
Authors: Kagan Karl-Oliver , Tost Frank , Heling Kai-Sven , Hoopmann Markus , Sonek Jiri , Chaoui Rabih
Published: June 2024

Until now, ultrasound examination of the fetal eyes has not played an important role in prenatal diagnosis. National and international guidelines are generally confined to documentation of the presence of the orbits and the lenses. However, in recent years, with the advent of high-resolution ultrasound technology and increasing knowledge of prenatal medicine and genetics, careful examination of the fetal eye has enabled the detection of many ocular malformations before birth. This article provides an overview of the anatomy related to the development of the fetal eye and covers the following conditions: hypertelorism, hypotelorism, exophthalmos, microphthalmos, coloboma, cataract, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, retinal detachment, dacryocystocele, and septooptic dysplasia, etc. It is designed to illustrate the spectrum of ocular malformations and their appearance on prenatal ultrasound and to discuss their clinical impact and association with various syndromes.
Evaluation of 4DryField® as an Adhesion Prophylaxis in Pediatric Patients: A Propensity-Score Matched Study
Authors: Klinke Michaela , Dietze Nina , Trautmann Tina , Jank Marietta , Martel Richard , Elrod Julia , Boettcher Michael
Published: June 2024

Introduction Abdominal adhesions following surgery can lead to complications like intestinal obstruction and pelvic pain. While no molecular therapies currently target the underlying adhesion formation process, various barrier agents exist. 4DryField® has shown promise in reducing bleeding and adhesions in adults. This study aimed to assess its effectiveness in children.

Methods The study examined all pediatric patients who underwent laparotomy between January 2018 and February 2022. It compared outcomes between those treated with 4DryField® and a control group. Key endpoints included surgical revision, adhesion recurrence, infections, insufficiencies, fever, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and time to gastrointestinal passage.

Results In total, 233 children had surgery for bowel adhesions. After propensity score matching, 82 patients were included in the analysis: 39 in the control and 43 in the 4DryField® group. 4DryField® did not affect the readhesion rate. Children in the treatment group had significantly more complications (47 vs. 15%, p = 0.002), more often fever, and higher CRP levels.

Conclusions 4DryField® did not show potential in reducing adhesion formation, but it was associated with significantly more complications in pediatric patients. Thus, future prospective studies are needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 4DryField® in children.
The Role of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Buschle Mauricio , Hamerschmidt Rogerio , Matias Jorge Eduardo Fouto , Zanini Otavio Pereira Lima , Coelho Luiz Otavio de Mattos , Polanski Jose Fernando
Published: June 2024

Introduction One of the paths in the investigation of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) is to try to characterize its etiology through the inner ear evaluation using high resolution computer tomography (CT) scans. With minor malformation, it is not always possible for a simple visual inspection to recognize if the structure in the inner ear is normal or not.

Objective To verify if measurements of the inner ear are predictive of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and suggest cutoff points of size limits.

Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study of inner ear CT scan measurements of 214 patients, 50 with congenital SNHL (CSNHL) and 164 acquired SNHL (ASNHL) (control group).

Results In the CSNHL group, central bony island (CBI) were 0.48 mm smaller (p < 0.001), cochlear nerve aperture was (CNA) 0.10 mm smaller (p < 0.001), and cochlea height was (CH) 0.15 mm smaller (p < 0.001). Vestibular aqueduct (VA) and cochlea width (CW) were similar between groups (0.70 vs 0.72, p = 0.19, and 7.20 vs 7.15 p = 0.23). The predictive cutoff points for CSNHL were CBI = 3.6 mm, CAN = 1.4 mm, CH = 3.4 mm, CW = 7.0 mm, and VA = 0.9 mm.

Conclusion Congenital sensorineural hearing loss determined a decrease in CBI, opening of the cochlear nerve (OCN), and CW. Thus, these measures, at the cutoff points indicated, should make us aware of the diagnosis of congenital hearing loss.
Ewing Sarcoma of Kidney: A Rare Entity
Authors: Aithal A Vibha , K. Sajitha , Mathias Michelle
Published: June 2024

Primary renal origin of Ewing sarcoma/PNET (primitive neuroectodermal tumor) is a rare entity in the adult population and has an aggressive outcome. The entity was first coined by Arthur Purdy stout in 1918 and recognized under family of small round cell tumor. Radiologically it is difficult to distinguish from primary clear cell carcinoma of kidney from Ewing/PNET. Diagnosis of this requires histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and cytogenetics studies.

A 40-year-old female presented with hematuria and radiology found a mass lower pole of left kidney with extension into renal hilum. Nephrectomy was done for the case and the histopathology diagnosis of small round cell tumor of left kidney was given. Followed by IHC, diagnosis of malignant round cell tumor was suggestive of Ewing sarcoma.

Microscopy showed cells with small, round, hyperchromatic nuclei, scant cytoplasm, and inconspicuous nucleoli. Increased mitosis was noted (15/10 high power field). Multiple foci of pseudorosettes, areas of hemorrhage, and necrosis lymphovascular emboli were seen.

IHC done outside showed NKX 2-2, synaptophysin positivity, CD99 diffuse membranous positivity, cytokeratin perinuclear dot like positivity, and negative for CD20, CD3, desmin, CD34, S100, and Pax8. Impression of malignant round cell tumor was suggestive of Ewing sarcoma.

Ewing sarcoma is one of the rare yet highly aggressive tumors. This should be kept as differential diagnosis in young adults with renal mass, as on radiologically it cannot be differentiated from renal cell carcinoma. Diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma is done using histopathology, IHC, and cytogenetic study. Early diagnosis helps in initiation of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy and helps in increasing the survival rate.
Revisión de la prótesis trapeciometacarpiana del pulgar tipo rótula: Técnica quirúrgica y resultados de la trapeciectomía secundaria con reconstrucción ligamentosa
Authors: Salva-Coll Guillem , Terrades-Cladera Xavier
Published: June 2024

Objetivo Cuando se revisa una prótesis trapeciometacarpiana (TMC) fallida tipo rótula, en algunos casos puede ser necesario retirar el vástago metacarpiano. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar una nueva técnica quirúrgica para retirar el vástago metacarpiano y presentar los resultados de la trapeciectomía secundaria después de una prótesis TMC fallida tipo rótula.

Métodos Se llevó a cabo una revisión retrospectiva en una serie de casos de 12 pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía de revisión por una prótesis TMC fallida entre 2007 y 2019. Se registraron datos epidemiológicos y clínicos, incluyendo la escala visual analógica (VAS) y Quick DASH, y se analizaron estadísticamente mediante el software estadístico SPSS®.

Resultados En todos los casos se pudo retirar el vástago sin complicaciones. El tiempo promedio de supervivencia de la prótesis fue de 32.3 meses (rango 11.5-53.2) y el tiempo promedio de seguimiento después de la cirugía de revisión fue de 34.9 meses (rango 14.4-55.4). La media de la VAS fue de 4.0 (IC del 95%: 2.4-5.6) con un rango de 0 a 8. La media de Quick DASH fue de 52.1 (IC del 95%: 37.0-67.3).

Conclusiones La técnica quirúrgica presentada proporciona un recurso útil para retirar el vástago en caso de ser necesario. Los resultados de la trapeciectomía secundaria pueden no ser tan buenos como se esperaba.
Atherosclerosis-Like Spontaneous Middle Cerebral Artery Dissection
Authors: Wattanasen Yodkhwan , Komonchan Surasak
Published: June 2024

The standard of care for treating acute large vessel occlusion is endovascular therapy. The most frequent cause of occlusion is either embolic occlusion or in situ thrombotic occlusion. However, occlusion resulting from intracranial dissection is extremely rare, especially in the middle cerebral artery. Prior to a thrombectomy or endovascular therapy, understanding and interpreting the angiographic findings is crucial for planning the appropriate treatment and preventing complications.
Opioid-Associated Nervous System Injuries
Authors: Griffin Kim , Stitt Derek
Published: June 2024

With the rise of the opioid epidemic, the practicing neurologist must recognize the patterns of a growing number of opioid-associated neurological injuries. This is in addition to the classic toxidrome of miosis, altered mental status, and respiratory depression, which must never be overlooked, as it is reversible and potentially lifesaving. Several other idiosyncratic syndromes due to opioid-related nervous system insults are defined by their characteristic imaging findings and portend variable functional recovery. Opioid toxicity can not only lead to brain injury, but also spinal cord and, rarely, peripheral nerve injury. As several newer synthetic opioids are undetectable by most assays, a low threshold to suspect opioid exposure must be maintained.
Appraising the Conceptual and Lexical Retrieval in Persons with Fluent and Nonfluent Aphasia
Authors: Puttanna Deepak , Theresa Lorine Little , Swamy Akshaya
Published: June 2024

Objective Conceptual knowledge refers to understanding and interpreting concepts and their relationships. Lexical knowledge is the knowledge that can be expressed through words. It entails meaning of words and their relationships. Word retrieval impairments are the most radical deficits that restrict communicative functions for individuals with aphasia. The current study aimed to compare the conceptual and linguistic impairments associated with fluent and nonfluent persons with aphasia (PWAs).

Materials and Methods A total of 15 PWAs were recruited for the study, out of which, 8 were fluent aphasia and 7 were nonfluent aphasia. One picture-based conceptual task (picture comparison judgments) and one verb-based linguistic task (word comparison judgments) were used as the experimental paradigm.

Results and Conclusion The findings of the study showed no significant difference in the performance of conceptual and lexical retrieval abilities in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia. The current study highlights the fact that both conceptual and lexical retrieval impairments prevail in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia.
Stackelberg game strategy for demand response in electrolytic aluminum enterprise considering user response willingness
Authors: Li Lingfang , Pan Tingzhe , Chen Yixuan , Jin Xin , Zhang Jie , Cao Wangzhang
Published: June 2024

In the context of demand response (DR), formulating rational electricity pricing (EP) and electricity pricing subsidy (EPS) strategies is crucial for the power grid when dealing with a high electricity user (EU), particularly an electrolytic aluminum enterprise (EAE) in an industrial park (IP). In addition, it is difficult to assess the response effectiveness of EU. This paper proposes a method to assess demand response willingness (DRW) by introducing indicators such as demand response economy and demand response potential, while taking into account carbon emission deviation. Then, the EPS is formulated based on the result of the DRW assessment. Second, this paper establishes a two-layer electricity supplier (ES)-EAE game model, in which the ES operates as the leader and EAE operates as the follower. The model takes into account the fluctuation and deviation of loads, constructs utility functions for both the leader and follower, selects dynamic EP scenarios at different time scales, and employs a large-scale global optimization particle swarm algorithm based on cooperative evolution for solving. Finally, the model's effectiveness is validated under three electricity pricing strategies: peak-valley pricing, critical peak pricing (CPP), and real-time pricing (RTP). According to the result of simulations, under the RTP strategy, the DRW of EAE has increased by 12.5% compared to the CPP strategy, and the DR load has increased by 82%. Additionally, there has been some reduction in costs of electricity consumption. This indicates that the ES can effectively guide the EU to reduce peak loads through EP, and the EU can also achieve a reasonable reduction in electricity costs.
Diagnostic neutral beam injector for active spectroscopy of high beta plasmas
Authors: Stupishin N. , Belov V. , Brul A. , Davydenko V. , Deichuli P. , Kolmogorov A. , Kolmogorov V. , Oreshonok V. , Vakhrushev R. , Osin D.
Published: June 2024

The advanced fast ion-dominated high beta plasma is achieved using multi-MW neutral heating beams. To facilitate the diagnostics of this fast ion-dominated plasma, a high-energy and high-current diagnostic neutral beam (DNB) injector was designed and built by the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. The DNB injector made active measurements of ion temperature and rotational velocity possible with the help of charge-exchange spectroscopy for impurity ions and, most importantly, for the main ion (deuterium) component. A DNB energy of 40 keV was chosen to assure low beam attenuation in the plasma and to enable spectroscopic measurements along the entire plasma column. The diameter (level 1/e) of the ballistically focused DNB in the plasma is about 8 cm. To achieve a high temporal resolution, unique methods of beam modulation with a frequency of up to 10 kHz were implemented. The achieved high DNB current of 8 A in atomic hydrogen in combination with the beam modulation enables to obtain an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio of the measured spectra.
Normal and diabetic foot sole skin mimicking tissue phantom fulfillment for spectroscopic-based DFU diagnostics perspective
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Hattale Gangadhar , Hinge Sarika , Kulkarni Gauri , Late Dattatray J. , Kanawade Rajesh
Published: June 2024

The development and advancement of spectroscopy techniques for the timely diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) requires foot-skin equivalent reference objects, such as tissue phantoms. Therefore, herein, we describe the fabrication and characterization of a solid and single-layered tissue-mimicking phantom, which mimics the optical properties of the sole skin of the normal and diabetic foot. We found that 600 µl of 7% w/v titanium dioxide (TiO2) per 100 ml epoxy solution could provide a solid tissue phantom with the optical properties equivalent to those of a healthy foot. On the contrary, adding 10 µl of India ink to the same phantom concentration could provide a phantom with optical properties equivalent to those of diabetic foot sole skin. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed based on the calculated optical properties and geometry of the developed phantom and found that the fluence distribution was higher in the normal foot compared to the diabetic foot. To investigate the feasibility of the developed phantoms in spectroscopy study, diffuse reflectance measurements have been performed. The diffuse reflectance of the normal phantom plate was higher than that of the diabetic phantom plate. Furthermore, phantom inhomogeneity error was measured and found to be less than 2%, indicating that nearly homogeneous phantoms have been developed. The stability study confirmed that the optical properties of the developed phantoms do not change significantly after a six-month period, which potentially makes them a suitable controlled reference object that may be used in spectroscopy studies for DFU diagnosis and assessment of its severity.
Enhancing chip performance and reliability by CMOS+X technologies
Authors: Li Xunyu , Pan Zijin , Hao Weiquan , Miao Runyu , Yue Zijian , Wang Albert
Published: June 2024

Performance, reliability, and costs are the three core attributes of any integrated circuits (IC) and microelectronics system products. Continuous advances of microsystem chips have been made possible by relentless physical scaling-down in IC technologies, predominantly in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS). Rapid ending of Moore's Law calls for smart futuristic chips, toward which CMOS+X heterogeneous integration emerges as the main and viable pathway where X represents various innovative, nontraditional technologies and devices to be hetero-integrated into Si CMOS platform to deliver superior system performance with rich functional diversities and ultra robust reliability at affordable costs. This mini-review discusses a few emerging CMOS+X technology advances addressing the performance and reliability challenges for advanced IC chips, including vertical magnetic-cored inductive devices for single-chip radio frequency IC integration, in the backend-of-the-line metal wall isolation to suppress flying noises in complex CMOS ICs, and nano crossbar array and graphene-based on-chip electrostatic discharge protection structures as design-for-reliability solutions for advanced chips.
Session 1. Oral Presentation for: The impact of exploration/appraisal activities on the recovery per well in North Perth Basin
Authors: Wu Hongfeng
Published: June 2024

Presented on Tuesday 21 May: Session 1 The North Perth Basin (NPB) in Western Australia has experienced significant petroleum industry activity over the past 3 years (2021–2023), marked by the drilling of exploration and appraisal wells by various operators, along with notable merger and acquisition transactions. This flurry of drilling activity, coupled with the acquisition of new seismic data, have enhanced our understanding of the variability within the primary petroleum play levels – namely, the Permian ‘Kingia’ and High Cliff reservoirs. This understanding is crucial for assessing the future potential of domestic gas supply in Western Australia. This paper aims to elucidate how recent drilling efforts have narrowed the basin-wide portfolio of available gas prospects relative to the situation in early 2021, and how the landscape of undiscovered gas resources has evolved. This shift is attributed to both unsuccessful exploration attempts and revised estimates of well deliverability. Furthermore, an updated long-term production forecast for the NPB – considering existing gas pools and the newly assessed undiscovered resources – emphasises the urgent need to re-evaluate the narrative concerning gas availability for the domestic market. The Permian gas plays within the NPB have proven to be more intricate and unpredictable than previously believed. Nonetheless, their significance to the Western Australian economy is anticipated to be substantial for many years ahead. To access the Oral Presentation click the link on the right. To read the full paper click here
Session 1. Oral Presentation for: Sediment provenance analysis of the early Permian reservoirs of the Perth Basin
Authors: Munday Stuart
Published: June 2024

Presented on Tuesday 21 May: Session 1 The sediment provenance of Early Permian reservoirs (‘Kingia’ and High Cliff sandstones) of the onshore North Perth Basin is poorly understood. Bulk rock inorganic geochemistry, detrital zircon geochronology and heavy mineral data have been used to assess spatial and temporal changes in provenance in the vicinity of the Waitsia, Lockyer Deep, West Erregulla and Beharra Springs Deep discoveries. The geochemical data provides a chemostratigraphic framework for the Early Permian that can be confidently correlated throughout the basin. The detrital zircon and Raman data have recognised significant regional variabilities. The zircon data defines western and eastern regions that were separated and/or infilled by different depositional systems, likely defined by the Mountain Bridge Fault. Raman analysis demonstrates that the High Cliff and ‘Kingia’ sediments in the vicinity of Waitsia have different zircon age populations and heavy mineral assemblages, with the ‘Kingia sandstone’ dominated by apatite indicating access to a granitic source at this time. This is poorly represented by wells in the northern Dongara Terrace and Allanooka Terrace, where sediments are dominated by garnet. Analysis of Lockyer Deep and West Erregulla discovery wells in the northern Dandaragan Trough, also demonstrate only minor amounts of apatite, but also include a significant mafic component, the source of which is uncertain. The geochemical data demonstrates that the top of these reservoirs is defined by a highly consistent change in provenance, coincident with a switch to garnet-rich sediments and different dominant zircon age populations. To access the Oral Presentation click the link on the right. To read the full paper click here
Session 1. Oral Presentation for: A preliminary assessment of regional CO2 storage potential in the onshore northern Perth Basin
Authors: Brooks Deidre
Published: June 2024

Presented on Tuesday 21 May: Session 1 The Geological Survey of Western Australia (GSWA) is creating a new carbon dioxide (CO2) geological storage atlas for Western Australia. The atlas will incorporate the latest state-wide datasets to provide a regional assessment of the potential for CO2 sequestration across the Perth, Southern Carnarvon, Northern Carnarvon (onshore and State waters), Canning and Officer basins. Multi-1D modelling of subsurface temperature in the northern Perth Basin incorporates newly collated temperature data, updated regional depth maps, and stratigraphic revisions. This modelling captures lateral subsurface temperature variations that are incorporated into isothermal depth and temperature maps identifying reservoir units within the optimum temperature–pressure window for CO2 storage. Isopach maps of associated sealing units indicate where they are of adequate thickness to contain CO2. Modelled present-day temperature maps of seven key reservoir units reveal promising CO2 storage prospectivity, with all postulated reservoir units having significant extents within optimum CO2 storage temperature and pressure ranges. Whereas older reservoir units are prospective for CO2 storage towards the margins of the basin, younger reservoir units in the shallower part of the succession are only prospective in or near the Dandaragan Trough, the deepest part of the basin. The critical upper temperature limit of 31.1°C is shallower in the north and west of the basin, where the modelled geothermal gradient is higher. All state-wide raw and interpreted datasets including temperature and depth maps will be published and available for download on the GSWA Western Australian Petroleum and Geothermal Information Management System website. To access the Oral Presentation click the link on the right. To read the full paper click here
Session 3. Oral Presentation for: Sand fill cleanout on wireline enables access to additional perforation zones in gas well producer
Authors: Field David
Published: June 2024

Presented on Tuesday 21 May: Session 3 An Australian operator wanted to explore options for wireline conveyed sand bailing in one of their offshore deviated ‘S’ shape gas producing wells. The objective was to remove approximately 24 m of sand fill inside 9.625″ production casing, with an internal diameter (ID) of 8.681″. To limit the number of cleanout runs, the latest technology in wireline deployed suction tools with a 4.25″ overall diameter (OD) was chosen, which provided increased recovery volume, plus real-time surface control and monitoring. Because of the tool’s overall diameter, the landing nipple also required milling to allow access. Therefore, a specially designed 4.412″ mill bit was manufactured and run on a milling tool. The electric line deployed milling technology successfully milled through the landing nipple and a ball catcher in four runs, thus increasing the ID sufficiently to allow access for the cleanout tool string. A well fluid column of about seven bars is required to enable operation of the suction tool. The cleanout tool was configured with three bailer sections (seven max) for the first run, to determine sand recovery optimisation. Three different sizes of bailer filters are provided; prior knowledge of debris particle size is therefore advantageous. In this case, a slickline bailing sand sample had been recovered, which immediately aided filter choice. Seventeen bailing runs were conducted over 5 days, successfully recovering a total of 918 L of sand, equating to about 2.4 tons. Ultimately, the process enabled perforation of two additional gas zones to increase production. To access the Oral Presentation click the link on the right. To read the full paper click here