bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aprendiendo a ser mujeres judías en Jabad Lubavitch
Authors: Grinfeld Gabriela , Mertnoff Azul
Published: May 2021

En este artículo presentamos algunas reflexiones iniciales relacionadas con los procesos de socialización en el interior de una institución educativa para mujeres jóvenes perteneciente al movimiento religioso jasídico Jabad Lubavitch. Estas reflexiones giran alrededor de cómo se instituyen nuevas prácticas y representaciones sobre la femineidad en el contexto de procesos de conversión a marcos religiosos ortodoxos. Para esto vamos a describir y analizar algunas experiencias educativas, que son objeto de una investigación etnográfica en curso. Nuestro enfoque sobre este proceso educativo sigue algunas perspectivas sobre socialización y moralidad que abrevan en trabajos de Foucault (1990) sobre tecnologías del yo, principalmente los trabajos etnográficos de Mahmood (2011) y Fader (2009). En términos más generales, se inscribe dentro de la literatura que explora narrativas de modernidad en contextos de movimientos religiosos y que se estructuran en torno al género como categoría analítica (Abu Lughod 1999; Brenner 1996; Deeb 2011; Fader 2009; Griffith 1997; Mahmood 2011; Woodhead 2011). En referencia a estos marcos interpretativos, Benhadjoudja y Milot sostienen que “las recientes investigaciones en las cuales se utiliza al género como herramienta de análisis aportaron un nuevo enfoque sobre la modernidad religiosa” (2014: 149). En este sentido, nuestro trabajo espera contribuir a ahondar en la comprensión de la adhesión de mujeres a movimientos religiosos contemporáneos, pensando más allá del binarismo subordinación/subversión como único modo de articulación en que se ha conceptualizado esta relación (García Somoza e Irrazábal, 2014).
Miranda Lida y Mariano Fabris (Coords.) La revista Criterio en el siglo XX argentino. Religión, cultura y política. Rosario:
Authors: Camaño Semprini Rebeca
Published: May 2021

En tanto empresa periodística cuanto proyecto cultural, tal como señalan Lida y Mauro, Criterio admite múltiples preguntas y enfoques analíticos. Conscientes de la casi imposibilidad de abarcar todas las potenciales dimensiones de análisis abiertas por esta revista católica en clave histórica, teológica, cultural, política o intelectual, los autores se abocan al estudio de una publicación cuya compleja trayectoria la vuelve difícil de encasillar.
Estrategias identitarias y cotidiano de las comunidades judías en Campina Grande / PB
Authors: Braga Mirella de Almeida
Published: May 2021

Este artículo examina el proceso de identificación étnica de los nuevos conversos de tres comunidades judías en el municipio de Campina Grande / PB, con énfasis en estrategias de reconocimiento de identidad y elementos de la vida cotidiana, que funcionan como marcadores de identidad y la formadores de límites étnicos. La metodología adoptada se basó en la reconstrucción de trayectorias de identificación a través de narrativas de historias de vida de los nuevos judíos en sus interacciones sociales en el espacio familiar y comunitario. El texto busca analizar cómo la resistencia cultural judía histórica también se traduce en pequeñas actividades diarias que revelan el "arte de convertirse en judío".
Case Report on a Misdiagnosed Case of Subcortical Vascular Dementia – the Importance of Sound Knowledge of Psychiatry With Proper History Taking
Authors: Subhas Natasha , Tze Ping Pang Nicholas , Yoon Chee Kok , Mohd Zain Norzaini Rose , Liang Teng Kok , James Sandi
Published: May 2021

Psychiatric symptoms at presentation may often be missed, if not suspected or specifically explored. A missed psychiatric diagnosis may lead to dire consequences in terms of poor quality of life and function for the patient, affecting overall quality of healthcare provided. This lady presented with depressive symptoms after multiple strokes and was initially diagnosed as post stroke depression. However, after it was observed that she did not show any improvement in symptoms despite being on antidepressants, subsequent further investigations revealed a history more suggestive of subcortical vascular dementia. Consequently, detailed neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric assessments, including NUCOG, and relevant investigations including MRI brain scans were performed suggesting a diagnosis of vascular dementia. This case illustrates that an insufficiently thorough assessment and treatment process results in unnecessary morbidity, prolongs duration of illness, and increases social and occupational dysfunction to the patient. Hence, it further underscores the need to perform a thorough history, physical examination and relevant investigations to ensure organic etiologies are ruled out in clients with relevant sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOKAMI (KOTAK KARTU MISTERIUS) TEMA PELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF
Authors: Nuralisa Siti Fatimah , Vitasari Mudmainah , Nestiadi Adi
Published: May 2021

Proses pembelajaran dengan bantuan media pembelajaran akan meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif yang optimal. Media pembelajaran yang dapat diaplikasikan dikelas dan dapat digunakan siswa dengan berdiskusi mengenai suatu permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan pencemaran lingkungan, sehingga siswa bisa memahami dan menerapkan upaya untuk melestarikan lingkungannya, media tersebut adalah media pembelajaran Kokami (kotak kartu misterius). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan, mengetahui kevalidan dan kepraktisan pada media pembelajaran Kokami tema pelestarian lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development R&D, desain penelitian menggunakan desain Borg & Gall (2003) dan sampel penelitian menggunakan 40 siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Menes. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi untuk uji kevalidan yang dilakukan oleh 3 validator yaitu ahli media, ahli materi dan guru mata pelajaran IPA, serta angket respons siswa untuk uji kepraktisan. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan menunjukan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran Kokami didesain berbeda dari pengembangan sebelumnya dilihat dari komponen, materi dan inovasi baru yang dibuat peneliti.  Hasil uji kevalidan oleh tiga validator memiliki nilai rata-rata 92,9%, dengan kriteria “Sangat Baik” artinya valid dapat diuji coba. Hasil uji kepraktisan media pembelajaran Kokami pada respons siswa menghasilkan nilai rata-rata 96,5% dengan kriteria “Sangat Baik”.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK BUNYI
Authors: Nainggolan Ara Doni , Sipayung Ricky Reymondo , Barus David Patria , Sihombing Refika Angelica , Siahaan Kevin William Andri
Published: May 2021

Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan salah satu guru fisika di SMP Negeri 1 Bandar diketahui bahwa di sekolah tersebut ada beberapa siswa yang kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran dan beberapa siswa yang memiliki nilai di bawah KKM, sehingga diperlukan model pembelajaran yang dapat memotivasi siswa untuk aktif dalam pembelajaran fisika agar hasil belajar siswa lebih maksimal. Peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian tentang Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Pada Materi IPA Terpadu Bunyi di Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Bandar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiskripsikan ketercapaian hasil belajar dan respon siswa terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Teknik yang digunakan pre experimental design merupakan rancangan penelitian yang belum dikategorikan sebagai eskperimen sungguhan. Ketiga rancangan pre-eksperimen menggunakan cara yang berbeda-beda, akan tetapi setiap rancangan diberikan perlakuan atau treatment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlaksanaan berjalan dengan baik. Hasil belajar pada kelas VIIIA berdasarkan hasil rata-rata pretest dan posttest dimana dari aspek afektif siswa diperoleh skor rata-rata pada kelas VIII-A 79,8, serta pada aspek psikomotor siswa diperoleh skor rata-rata 83,3 juga ) pada materi IPA Terpadu bunyi dan sistem pendengaran pada manusia secara keseluruhan termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan skor di atas 75% dengan memiliki respon yang menjawab “ya” mengalami peningkatan pembelajaran dan respon siswa terhadap model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD pada materi IPA Terpadu bunyi pada siswa secara keseluruhan termasuk kategori sangat baik.
Geometry-Induced Rigidity in Elastic Torus from Circular to Oblique Elliptic Cross-Section
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: May 2021

For a given material, different shapes correspond to different rigidities. In this paper, the radii of the oblique elliptic torus are formulated, a nonlinear displacement formulation is presented and numerical simulations are carried out for circular, normal elliptic, and oblique tori, respectively. Our investigation shows that both the deformation and the stress response of an elastic torus are sensitive to the radius ratio, and indicate that the analysis of a torus should be done by using the bending theory of shells rather than membrance theory. A numerical study demonstrates that the inner region of the torus is stiffer than the outer region due to the Gauss curvature. The study also shows that an elastic torus deforms in a very specific manner, as the strain and stress concentration in two very narrow regions around the top and bottom crowns. The desired rigidity can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of minor and major radii and the oblique angle.
Wireless Body Area Network and Sensor Data Interoperability
Authors: Alatta Joy
Published: May 2021

The monitoring of maternal and child health, using wearable devices made with wireless sensor technologies, is expected to reduce maternal and child death rates. Wireless sensor technologies have been used in wireless sensor networks to enable the acquisition of data for monitoring machines, smart cities, transportation, asset tracking, and tracking of human activity. Applications based on wireless body area network (WBAN) have been used in healthcare for measuring and monitoring of patient health and activity through integration with wearable devices. Wireless sensors used in WBAN can be cost-effective, enable remote availability, and can be integrated with electronic health record (EHR) management systems. Interoperability of WBAN sensor data with other linked data has the potential to improve health for all, including maternal and child health through the improvement of data access, data quality and healthcare access. This paper presents a survey of the state-of-the-art techniques for managing WBAN sensor data interoperability. The findings in this study will provide reliable support to enable policymakers and health care providers to take action to enhance the use of e-health to improve maternal-child health and reduce the mortality rates of women and children.
Seroprevalence and Clinical Presentation of Chikungunya Virus Infection among Febrile Outpatients Seeking Health Care in Mzuzu City, Malawi
Authors: Kawonga Flywell , Misinzo Gerald , Pemba Dylo , Mboera Leonard , Shawa Isaac Thom
Published: May 2021

Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV. We conducted this study determine the seroprevalence and clinical presentation of Chikungunya infection among outpatients seeking healthcare in Mzuzu City, Malawi. Blood samples were collected from malaria negative and non-septic febrile outpatients with fevers ≥38 °C, for not more than 5 days. The enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies and its results were used to determine seroprevalence of Chikungunya. A total of 119 serum samples were tested, of these, 73 (61.3%) tested positive for anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies by ELISA. Laboratory requisition forms were used to capture demographic information such as age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms presented by the enrolled patients. Age groups of 1-9, 10- 19, 20- 29, 30- 39, 40- 49, and ≥50 years had 17.8% (n= 13), 12.3 %,( n=9), 15.1%) (n=11), 19.2%; (n=14), 17.8% (n=13) and 17.8% (n=13) proportion of seroprevalence respectively. Most of the CHIKV infected individuals presented with fever (52.05%), joint pain (45.21%) and abdominal pain (42.67%). The presence of anti- CHIKV IgM antibodies suggest the presence of recent CHIKV infection and therefore accurate laboratory assays are highly recommended for CHIKV diagnosis and appropriate management of febrile patients.
Spatial Analysis of Degradation in the Reserve for San Rafael National Park, Period 2005-2019
Authors: Llamas Franco Tania Jeannette , Marín Lucía Janet Villalba , Rodríguez Stella Mary Amarilla , Molas Lidia Florencia Pérez de , Soria Lourdes González , Bullock Eric
Published: May 2021

The goal of this study was to analyze the forest degradation in the Reserve for San Rafael National Park, Paraguay, during the period 2005-2019. This Reserve is one of the most important forest remnants of the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest Ecoregion. A multitemporal analysis of degradation was carried out due to the occurrence of three disturbances: forest fires, a twister and illicit crops, using the Continuous Degradation Detection (CODED) algorithm, for which 3 factors were considered: variations due to pixel in the NDFI index values before, during and after every disturbance registered. In this context, the phenomenon with the greatest impact in terms of magnitude of degradation were the forest fires of 2005, being that year at the same time, the one that reported the highest degradation values. Secondly, there are the illicit crops established until the first semester of 2019, and lastly, the twister that occurred in 2017. Our findings demonstrate that CODED algorithm can detect multi-temporal degradation events in a Subtropical Broadleaf Forest, and the post-disturbance regeneration process after every disturbance tends to occur immediately. The response in terms of degradation-regeneration is highly variable, depending of the nature and severity of each disturbance and the vegetation recovery dynamics.
Ensemble Mapping and Change Analysis of the Seafloor Sediment Distribution in the Sylt Outer Reef, German North Sea from 2016-2018
Authors: Galvez Daphnie S. , Papenmeier Svenja , Sanders Lasse , Hass H. Christian , Fofonova Vera , Bartholomae A. , Wiltshire Karen H.
Published: May 2021

Recent studies on seafloor mapping have presented different modelling methods for the automatic classification of seafloor sediments. However, most of these studies have applied these models to seafloor data with appropriate number of ground-truth samples, which raises the question whether these methods are applicable to studies with smaller numbers of ground-truth data. In this study, we aim to address this issue by conducting sediment class-specific predictions using ensemble modelling to map areas with limited or without ground-truth data and combined with hydro-acoustic datasets. The resulting class-specific maps were then assembled into one map, where the most probable class was assigned to the appropriate location. Our approach was able to predict sediment classes without bias to the class with more ground-truth data and produced reliable seafloor sediment distributions maps that can be used for seafloor monitoring. Sediment shifts of a heterogenous seafloor in the Sylt Outer Reef, German North Sea were also assessed to understand the sediment dynamics in the area. The analyses of sediment shifts showed that the western area of the Sylt Outer Reef is highly active, and the results of the analyses assisted in providing recommendations on future seafloor monitoring activities.
Novel Approach for the Synthesis of Chlorophosphazene Cycles with a Defined Size via Controlled Cyclization of Linear Oligodichlorophosphazenes [Cl(PCl2=N)n–PCl3]+[PCl]6–
Authors: Gorlov Mikhail , Bredov Nikolay , Esin Andrey , Sirotin Igor , Soldatov Mikhail , Oberemok Volodymyr , Kireev Vyacheslav V.
Published: May 2021

Despite a significant number of investigations in the field of phosphazene chemistry, the mechanism of this class cyclic compounds formation is still poorly studied. At the same time, a thorough understanding of this process is necessary both for the direct production of phosphazene rings with a given size, and for the controlled cyclization reaction when it is secondary and undesirable. Here we have synthesized a series of short linear phosphazene oligomers with the general formula Cl[PCl2=N]n–PCl3+PCl6– and studied their tendency to form cyclic structures under the influence of elevated temperature or in the presence of nitrogen-containing agents, such as hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) or ammonium chloride. It was established that linear oligophosphazenes are inert when heated in the absence of the mentioned cyclization agents, and the formation of cyclic products occurs only when these agents are involved in the process. It is for the first time shown the ability to obtain the desired size phosphazene cycle from corresponding linear chain. Known obstacles like side interaction with the PCl6– counterion and a tendency of longer chains to undergo crosslinking elongation instead of cyclization are still relevant and ways to overcome them are being discussed.
Multifactorial Wrist Pain Treated with Tenotomy of Anomalous Flexor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Authors: Bernstein Ethan , Leonardelli Dominic , Pulos Nicholas
Published: May 2021

Case:

We present a case of a 33-year-old left hand–dominant/right hand–involved active duty Navy sailor woman with volar radial wrist pain. She underwent scaphoid cyst excision and bone grafting as well as tenotomy. Intraoperatively, she was noted to have a flexor carpi radialis brevis (FCRB) tendon that was transected. After surgery, her 1-year outcomes demonstrated range of motion improved equivalent with her contralateral side, her visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score had decreased to 1, and her QuickDASH and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation improved.

Conclusions:

Our case represents 1-year outcome after surgical release of a FCRB. Our patient's pain and functional scores exceeded the minimal clinically important difference.
Three-Dimensional Printing and Computer Navigation for Correction of Multiple Deformities in Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Chan Ping-Keung , Fang Christian , Fang Evan , Leung Matthew , Yan Chun-Hoi , Chiu Kwong-Yuen
Published: May 2021

Case:

A 44-year-old man with osteogenesis imperfecta presented with multiple debilitating musculoskeletal deformities. Bi-level osteotomies, assisted by 3-dimensional (3D)-printed patient-specific cutting guides, were performed to correct extraarticular valgus and procurvatum tibial deformities. Concomitant computer-navigated total knee arthroplasty was performed to restore neutral mechanical alignment. Postoperative x-ray showed good correction of deformities, and 1 year postoperatively, the patient is able to walk unaided with significant resolution of knee pain.

Conclusion:

3D-printed osteotomy guides and computer navigation can be instrumental in procedures requiring a high degree of precision. With sufficient training, modern orthopaedic technologies can be implemented by surgeons themselves and combined to facilitate precise and personalized management of challenging conditions.
A Path Analysis Model for Explaining the Factors Influencing Wearing a Mask among Commuting Workers Using Commuter Line Bogor-Jakarta
Authors: Kusmawan David , Andari Shofi , Gustina Ira , Susilowati Indri Hapsari , Wirawan Mufti
Published: May 2021

Jakarta is one of the most air-polluted cities in the world, which can increase the health risk of commuting workers exposed to pollutants. This study aims to determine the factors that directly and indirectly affect healthy behavior (wearing a mask) for commuters using the Bogor-Jakarta commuter line. Furthermore, a total of 155 respondents participated and the data collected were analyzed using descriptive and path analysis. The commuters aware of the hazard potential related to air pollution during commuting were 137 people (88.4%). While 104 people (67.1%) were aware of the good perception of pollution, and 125 uses masks during commuting (80.6%). The healthy behavior in commuting workers using Commuterline was affected by some factors, both directly and indirectly. The knowledge and commuting experience toward healthy behavior were two variables with a significant direct influence on healthy behavior. The knowledge was also the only mediated variable with a significant indirect effect of education on healthy behavior.
Prevalence and Determinants of Pre-lacteal Feeding: Insights from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Nurokhmah Siti , Masitoh Siti , Werdani Kusuma Estu
Published: May 2021

Pre-lacteal feeding is a challenge to optimal breastfeeding practices in developing countries, and it directly or indirectly affects the health of infants. Furthermore, it is widely known as a distraction to exclusive breastfeeding, and the malpractice continues to be prevalent in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential determinants of pre-lacteal feeding among mothers of infants below aged 24 months. A sample of 6,455 mother-infant pairs from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) was used. Also, multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with pre-lacteal feeding practice. In Indonesia, 44.0% of infants were introduced to solid/liquid feeds in their first three days of life. Infant formula was the most common pre-lacteal feed given, followed by any other milk, plain and sugar water, and honey. Early initiation of breastfeeding and living in an urban area were protective method against pre-lacteal feeding (AOR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.21-0.28; AOR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.65-0.90, respectively), while cesarean delivery acted as a risk factor (AOR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.14-1.63). Meanwhile, gender role attitude, parity, perceived birth size, and household wealth index was also associated with pre-lacteal feeding. Overall, the percentage of mothers introducing pre-lacteal feeds was still high. The modifiable covariates associated with pre-lacteal feedings, such as early initiation of breastfeeding, parity, and birth size were the major factors discouraging this practice.
Inter-related Factors Influencing Sexual Quality of Life among Women Living with HIV in Banten Province, Indonesia: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Juliastuti Dyah , Dean Judith , Afiyanti Yati , Fitzgerald Lisa
Published: May 2021

The sexual rights and well-being of women living with HIV (WLHIV) in developing countries are often restricted by socio-cultural concerns. Therefore, this convergent parallel mixed methods research combined quantitative and qualitative approaches to explore the factors influencing WLHIV sexual quality of life in Banten Province, Indonesia. Data from a 2017 cross-sectional survey of 207 reproductive-aged WLHIV were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression statistics. Furthermore, in-depth interviews with a sub-sample of survey participants (n = 30) were thematically analyzed. Most of the women (60%) involved reported loss of sexual pleasure and depressed sexual life. Meanwhile, 48% affirmed low sexual quality of life which was associated with unemployment (aOR: 2.90, and 95% CI: 1.51 – 5.58), limited sexual activities (aOR: 2.89, and 95% CI: 1.20 – 6.93), living with extended family (aOR: 2.68, and 95% CI: 1.27 –5.65), and experiencing intimate partner violence (aOR: 2.28, and 95% CI: 1.03 – 5.03). The respondents described unsatisfactory sexual life in relation to a belief that having sex is a wife's duty and choosing not to talk about sexual issues or refuse sexual invitation in fear of triggering intimate partner violence. Inter-related personal, social, cultural, and religious factors affected the sufferers’ sexual life. Developing health policy and strategies oriented towards building women’s capability to voice their sexual rights and needs, and also develop pro-women public health policies is essential.
Comprehensive Fall Velocity Study on Continuous Flow Plungers
Authors: Sayman Ozan , Pereyra Eduardo , Sarica Cem
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study is the experimental and theoretical investigation of the fall mechanics of continuous flow plungers. Fall velocity of the two-piece plungers with different sleeve and ball combinations and bypass plungers are examined in both static and dynamic conditions to develop a drag coefficient relationship. The dimensionless analysis conducted included the wall effect, inclination, and the liquid holdup correction of the fall stage. A fall model is developed to estimate fall velocities of the ball, sleeve, and bypass plungers. Sensitivity analysis is performed to reveal influential parameters to the fall velocity of continuous flow plungers.

In a static facility, four sleeves with different height, weight, and outer diameter (OD); three balls made with different materials; and a bypass plunger are tested in four different mediums. The wall effect on the settling velocity is defined, and it is used to validate the ball drag coefficient results obtained from the experimental setup. Two-phase flow experiments were conducted by injecting gas into the static liquid column, and the liquid holdup effect on the drag coefficient is observed. Experiments in a dynamic facility are used for liquid holdup and deviation corrections. The fall model is developed to estimate fall velocities of the continuous flow plungers against the flow. Dimensionless parameters obtained in the experiments are combined with multiphase flow simulation to estimate the fall velocity of plungers in the field scale.

Reference drag coefficient values of plungers are obtained for respective Reynolds number values. Experimental wall effect, liquid holdup, and inclination corrections are provided. The fall model results for separation time, fall velocity, total fall duration, and maximum flow rate to fall against are estimated for different cases. Sensitivity analysis showed that the drag coefficient, the weight of plungers, pressure, and gas flow rate are the most influential parameters for the fall velocity of the plungers. Furthermore, the fall model revealed that plungers fall slowest at the wellhead conditions for the range of gas flow rates experienced in field conditions. Lower pressure at the wellhead had two opposing effects; namely, reduced gas density, thereby reducing the drag and gas expansion that increased the gas velocity, which in turn increased the drag.

Estimating fall velocity of continuous flow plungers is crucial to optimize ball and sleeve separation time, plunger selection, and the gas injection rate for plunger-assisted gas lift (PAGL). The fall model provides maximum flow rate to fall against, which is defined as the upper operational boundary for continuous flow plungers. This study presents a new methodology to predict fall velocity using the drag coefficient vs. Reynolds number relationship, wall effect, liquid holdup, deviation corrections, and incorporating multiphase flow simulation.
Altered Gray-White Matter Boundary Contrast in Toddlers at Risk for Autism Relates to Later Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Authors: Godel Michel , Andrews Derek Sayre , Amaral David Gil , Ozonoff Sally , Young Gregory S. , Lee Joshua K. , Nordahl Christine Wu , Schaer Marie
Published: May 2021

Background: Recent neuroimaging studies have highlighted differences in cerebral maturation in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison to typical development. For instance, the contrast of the gray-white matter boundary is decreased in adults with ASD. To determine how gray-white matter boundary integrity relates to early ASD phenotypes, we used a regional structural MRI index of gray-white matter contrast (GWC) on a sample of toddlers with a hereditary high risk for ASD. Methods: We used a surface-based approach to compute vertex-wise GWC in a longitudinal cohort of toddlers at high-risk for ASD imaged twice between 12 and 24 months (n=20). A full clinical assessment of ASD-related symptoms was performed in conjunction with imaging and again at three years of age for diagnostic outcome. Three outcome groups were defined (ASD, n=9; typical development, n=8; non-typical development, n=3).Results: ASD diagnostic outcome at age 3 was associated with widespread increases in GWC between age 12 and 24 months. Many cortical regions were affected, including regions implicated in social processing and language acquisition. In parallel, we found that early onset of ASD symptoms (i.e. prior to 18-months) was specifically associated with slower GWC rates of change during the second year of life. These alterations were found in areas mainly belonging to the central executive network.Limitations: Our study is the first to measure maturational changes in GWC in toddlers who developed autism, but given the limited size of our sample results should be considered exploratory and warrant further replication in independent and larger samples. Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that ASD is linked to early alterations of the gray-white matter boundary in widespread brain regions. Early onset of ASD diagnosis constitutes an independent clinical parameter associated with a specific corresponding neurobiological developmental trajectory. Altered neural migration and/or altered myelination processes potentially explain these findings.
Hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm Based on Three Spiral Searching Strategies and Sine Cosine Operator with Convergence Factor
Authors: Zhang Ji , Yang Kai , wang jiesheng
Published: May 2021

Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is a swarm intelligence algorithm inspired by whale hunting behavior. Aiming at the defect that the spiral update mechanism in WOA may exceed the search range, three different spiral searching strategies are first proposed. The agents search with a more reasonable and broader route distribution so as to improve population diversity and traversal. Secondly, an improved sine cosine operator based on the convergence factor was proposed to improve the search efficiency of WOA, where sine search is used for global exploration and cosine search is used for local exploitation. The proposed convergence factor enables search agents to adaptively balance the exploration and exploitation phases with iterations. In the simulation experiment, the effectiveness of three spiral search strategies and sine cosine operator is verified. Then, the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), salp swarm algorithm (SSA), firefly algorithm (FA), moth-flame optimization (MFO) algorithm, fireworks algorithm (FWA), sine cosine algorithm (SCA) and improved WOA are selected for comparison experiments. Finally, the improved WOA is applied to two engineering problems (three-bar truss design problem and the welded beam optimization problem). The experimental results show that compared with other optimization algorithms, the improved WOA has the advantages of high search accuracy, fast convergence speed, and avoiding falling into local optimal values.
Design and Optimization of Slotted Block Horn Utilized in Ultrasonic Insertion Process Through Rsm-fea-ga Integration Technique
Authors: Kumarasamy Anand , Sooriyamoorthy Elangovan
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates design and optimization of slotted block horn used in ultrasonic insertion process by integrating response surface methodology (RSM), finite element analysis (FEA) and genetic algorithm (GA). Performance and reliability of block horn depend on the uniformity of displacement amplitude developed at the output face of horn. Amplitude uniformity of horn can be improved by optimizing the design of block horn. Modal and harmonic analyses are carried out as per design matrix obtained from RSM, and then non-linear model for displacement amplitude is developed. Design optimization of block horn is performed by coupling the non-linear model with GA as fitness function. Thermal analysis is carried out to validate optimized dimensions of block horn theoretically by predicting the temperature at joint. Slotted block horn is fabricated with optimum geometry using Aluminium alloy (AA6351) and the design is validated experimentally by measuring the temperature at joint using thermocouple and Data Acquisition System (DAQ). Results of this study show that the temperature predicted from thermal analysis correlates well with temperature measured from experiments and the design of slotted block horn is validated.
Watershed Prioritization and Decision Making Based On Weighted Sum Analysis, Feature Ranking and Machine Learning Techniques.
Authors: Darji Kishanlal Ramlal , Patel Dhruvesh Prehladbhai , Vakharia Vinay , Panchal Jaimin , Dubey Amit Kumar , Gupta Praveen , Singh Raghavendra P
Published: May 2021

Prediction and validation of Compound factors for prioritization of watersheds is an essential application using Machine Learning (ML) Techniques in water resources engineering. In the current paper, a method is proposed to derive 14 morphometric and 3 Topo-hydrological parameters using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS), whereas prediction and validation of compound factor using ML techniques. Compound factor (CF) values are calculated using Weighted Sum Analysis (WSA), ReliefF, correlation coefficient techniques. A ten-fold cross-validation technique is applied to two machine learning models Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Predication accuracy of models has been further achieved by feature ranking. The accuracy of ML models is evaluated with three parameters, Mean Absolute Error (MEA), Correlation Coefficient (CC), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). With the ranked features and Ten-fold cross-validation, prediction results were found to be better. The methodology will be useful for the accurate prediction of CF values and to reduce the uncertainty in watershed prioritization for conservation techniques for soil and water.
Calcified Catheter-Related Fibrin Sheath Forms Large Intravenous Cast In Hemodialysis Patient Causing Embolic Sequalae: A Case Report
Authors: Newman Justin , Melamed Joshua , Blivaiss Chava , Gibson Vanessa , Andaz Shahriyour
Published: May 2021

Background: Catheter related sheath (CRS) formation secondary to chronic indwelling central venous catheters (CVC) is a well-documented complication. When these fibrin sheaths calcify, they can form a “cast” surrounding the catheter. Upon removal of the CVC a rare complication can occur where the calcified sheath remains in-situ leaving behind an intraluminal catheter-shaped cast. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 57-year-old dialysis dependent woman found to have a right internal jugular vein cast during the evaluation and treatment of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Conclusions: This case reviews and discusses the embolic complications suspected to be a result of this cast. Our case provides insight into the clinical course, diagnostic methods, and imaging identification of a rare pathology and its unique complications.
Research On Drilling CFRP Laminate With A Thin Woven Glass Fiber Surface Layer Using Plane Rake Faced Twist Drill
Authors: Liu Liping , Lian Bo , Zhou Changgeng , Duan Kehao , Zhu Xueming , Xia Pingfeng
Published: May 2021

The delamination produced during drilling CFRP will affect its structural strength seriously. Delamination is closely related to the thrust force during drilling, which is closely related to the tool, so it is particularly important to choose the tools with appropriate geometric structure. Many scholars used tools with different geometric structure to drill CFRP, and then conducted the drilling damage analyses and drilling mechanism researches. It finally came to a conclusion that drill with special structure had certain advantage compared with common twist drill in the drilling process. In this paper, a new type of plane rake faced twist drill was used to drill the CFRP laminate with a thin woven glass fiber surface layer. Experimental results showed that plane rake faced twist drill along cutting edge had a constant reference rake angle value, which caused the plane rake faced twist drill generated smaller thrust force and less drilling damage than the common twist drill. As the reference rake angle of plane rake faced twist drill increased, the thrust force and drilling damage decreased. It was revealed the inhibition of the thin woven glass fiber surface layer on the drilling damage at entrance and exit. Finally, it was proposed that when plane rake faced twist drill was used to drill CFRP laminate with a thin woven glass fiber surface, 46° reference rake angle should be selected.
OsRuvBL1a DNA Helicase Boost Salinity and Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Indica Rice Raised by In-Planta Transformation
Authors: Saifi Shabnam K , Passricha Nishat , Tuteja Renu , Nath Manoj , Gill Sarvajeet Singh , Tuteja Narendra
Published: May 2021

RuvBL, is a member of SF6 superfamily of helicases and is conserved among the various model systems. Recently rice homolog of RuvBL has been biochemically characterized for its ATPase and DNA helicase activities, however its involvement in stress is not been studied yet. This study reports the detailed functional characterization of RuvBL homolog of Oryza sativa, under abiotic stress through transgenic approach. An improved Agrobacterium-mediated in-planta transformation method was developed in indica rice to generate the transgenic lines and study was focused on optimization of factors to achieve maximum transformation efficiency. Overexpressing OsRuvBL1a transgenics showed enhanced tolerance under in vivo salinity stress as compared to WT plants. The physiological and biochemical analysis of the OsRuvBL1a transgenic lines showed better performance under salinity and drought stresses. Several stress responsive interacting partners of OsRuvBL1a were identified using Y2H method. Working mechanism for boosting the stress tolerance by OsRuvBL1a has been proposed in this study. This integration of OsRuvBL1a gene in rice genome using in-planta transformation method helped us to achieve the abiotic stress tolerant smart crop. This study is the first direct evidence to show the novel function of RuvBL in boosting abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
An Accurate Carbon Accounting Model Based on the Micro-level Process Principles for the Lean Carbon Management in the Blast Furnace Ironmaking
Authors: Yu Shujun , Lin Fangjia , Zhao Gang , Zhang Zequan , Zhang Hua
Published: May 2021

Background:The carbon accounting plays a critical role in the lean carbon management and the policy formulation for industrial entities. The carbon accounting method based on emission factors offered by IPCC usually leads significant errors on the micro-level of the enterprise. For achieving a bottom-up lean carbon management with higher accounting accuracy, a micro-carbon accounting model based on the micro-level process principles is established on a S-system of dynamics with using the approximation method of power law and Michaelis-Menten law. It is used to predict the amounts of various resources and output products at the process nodes under predetermined simulation conditions.Results:In the case study on a blast furnace ironmaking system, it succeeds in accurately predicting the amount of products including carbon emissions depending on the massive variables of materials and fuels. Further study on the residual analysis shows that mean errors of the CO2 and CO emissions are respectively 5.23% and 6.77% while using the micro-carbon accounting model.Conclusions:This method better addresses the challenge of severely overestimation on carbon emissions in the carbon accounting of the ironmaking industry. It offers a prospective and accurate carbon accounting model further for formulating more targeted policies of the lean carbon management at a micro-level of an enterprise.
Production of Cocktail of Lignolytic, Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes by the Novel Bacterium Burkholderia Sp SMB1 Utilizing Rice Bran and Straw: Application in the Saccharification of Untreated Agro-Wastes for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Beladhadi R.V. , Shankar Kumar , Jayalakshmi S.K. , sreeram kuruba
Published: May 2021

Purpose: This study focuses to assess the potentiality of the locally isolated Burkholderia sp SMB1. It was aimed for the cocktail of lignocellulolytic enzyme production involved in the depolymerization of the agro-wastes to release sugars for bioethanol production. Methods: The optimization of enzyme cocktail (lignolytic, cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic) production by isolated bacterium utilizing inexpensive substrates like bran and straw of rice was done using response surface methodology. Further this cocktail secreted by the bacterium at optimized conditions was employed for saccharifying untreated agro-wastes for sugars production which were fermented to bioethanol by S. cerevisiae.Results: This strain produced high titer of cellulase (10.8 U/mL), xylanase (76 U/mL), mannanase (14.23 U/mL), pectinase (62.18 U/mL) and laccase (24.25 U/mL) using rice bran at 7 pH and 40 oC using 10% (w/v) of rice bran. The production of cocktail of enzymes was slightly increased by adding CaCO3 (2mM) in the growth medium. This cocktail was able to hydrolyze untreated agro-wastes to release highest reducing sugars 28.5 g/L using untreated corn husk after 24 h of saccharification process. These sugars of corn husk were fermented by S. cerevisiae to produce highest 9.04 gL-1 bioethanol. Conclusion: This paper represents the exploitation of the locally isolated strain for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes using rice bran and straw for the first time promising the novelty of the study. This study helps in waste disposal process by valorizing the waste biomass to produce value added products like sugars, bioethanol and hence increases agricultural economy.
Rotary Friction Welded C45 to 16NiCr6 Steel Rods: Statistical Optimization Coupled to Mechanical and Microstructure Approaches
Authors: Belkahla Youcef , Mazouzi Azzeddine , LEBOUACHERA Islam , Hassan Ammar Jabbar , Fides Martin , Hvizdoš Pavol , Cheniti Billel , Miroud Djamel
Published: May 2021

This work represents the production of dissimilar friction welded joints between C45 carbon steel and nickel-chromium alloy steel 16NiCr6. Central Composite Response Surface (RSM) methodology, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD) and bending test were performed for this study. Physicochemical characterization was used to reveal the welded joint microstructures. The bending test was done in order to measure the ultimate bending strength (UBS). As a conclusion, regarding the optimization of the parameters, friction time and the rotation speed were the most effective parameters on the joint strength. These parameters revealed that the maximum bending strength of 1406.892 MPa can be obtained at a rotational speed of 2000 rpm, a friction pressure of 24.77 MPa and a friction time of 13 seconds. On the weld samples it was also noted that the particle size decreases significantly as the units of the parameters increase, which led to note that the optimization of these parameters converges towards an average particle size, where were found a good accommodation between hardness and young’s modulus.
Direct Laser Metal Deposition (DLMD) Additive Manufacturing (AM)of Inconel 718 Superalloy: Elemental, Microstructural and Physical Properties Evaluation
Authors: Moradi Mahmoud , Pourmand Zeynab , Hasani Arman , Moghadam Mojtaba Karami , Sakhaei Amir Hosein , Shafiee Mahmood , Lawrence Jonathan
Published: May 2021

In this study direct laser metal deposition (DLMD) technique is adopted for the additive manufacturing (AM) of Inconel 718 Superalloy. To conduct the experiments, a 1 kW fiber laser with a coaxial nozzle head is used. The effects of scanning speed (for two values of 2.5 and 5 mm/s) as well as powder feed rate (for two values of 17.94 and 28.52 g/min) on the process were investigated. Characteristics of the 3D printed wall specimens such as the geometrical dimensions (width and height), microstructure observations, and the microhardness were obtained. In order to study the stability of the 3D manufactured walls, the height stability was considered for the investigation. Optical microscopy (OM), field emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and mapping analysis were performed to derive the microstructural features of the additive manufactured samples. The Vickers microhardness test is used to evaluate the hardness distributions of additively manufactured parts. Catchment concept of the powder in DLMD process is used for explaining different trends of the process. Results indicated that, by decreasing the scanning speed, the width and height of the deposited layer increase. The average width of the additively manufactured samples directly depends on the scanning speed and the powder feed rate. Scanning speed has a reverse effect on the height stability; that is, the lower the scanning speed, the larger the stability. Microstructural results showed that because of the solidification process, the alloying elements will be accumulated in the grain boundaries. The non-uniform cooling rate and non-steady solidification rates of molten area in additive manufacturing process, the microhardness values of the additively manufactured samples following a fluctuated trend.
Development of sorghum mutant genotypes and analysis of their agro-morphological diversity
Authors: Takele Abera , Feyisa Tileye , Disasa Tesfaye
Published: May 2021

Sorghum is one of the most important cereal grains in Africa's Sub-Saharan region, used for human consumption and animal feed, but its production is hampered by biotic and abiotic constraints, necessitating genetic improvement of sorghum. The goal of this experiment was to use the ethyl methane sulfonate induced mutation technique to develop superior genotypes for sorghum production and quality for food and industry in order to achieve food security. The concentration of EMS was initially optimized by calculating LD50. Both Argity and Dekeba genotypes were treated with six different concentrations of EMS (0.10, 0.25, 0.30, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 %) and three different soaking periods (7, 8 and 9 hrs). The 0.25% EMS concentration at 8 hrs was chosen because it had a 50% seed survival rate and the highest frequency of mutations to generate M1 seeds. From M2 and M3, about 4000 and 2000 mutant populations were screened, respectively. For trait characterization, 190 mutated lines were selected from a mutant population of 2000M2. The 190 mutant populations and two parents were evaluated for genetic diversity, character association, and genetic divergence. For the observed quantitative phenotypic traits, analyses of variance showed substantial inter-population difference. When compared to their parent cultivars, the study mean of six treatment populations in each cultivar showed significantly superior quantitative phenotypic traits. Plant height, flowering date, maturity date, stem diameter, grain weight, and thousand seed weight varied with 81.48, 77, 42.03, 56.11, 11.44, and 96.68 % heritability in the mutant lines, according to agro-morphological characterization. The elite mutants were identified using principal component analysis based on their agro-morphological traits, while Pearson's correlation findings showed a positive correlation between yield component traits. Finally, our research allowed the identification of new promising mutant genotypes that could be tested in multi-local trials to assess their agronomic efficiency.