bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designs of Therapeutic Dance and Songs
Authors: Wu Jianqing
Published: January 2024

I want to address four issues: pollution toxins, nutritional imbalances, and mental stress, and ways to deal with them. Nowadays, people's survival and longevity depend on luck. Western medicine cannot solve any problem. My philosophy is: use hundreds of songs to deliver millions of disease prevention scientific research results to every household; use dance as the main means to fight cancer and prevent dementia, develop Dai dance as the basis, and draw more essence from other sports as the basic elements form a modular walking dance (just like the components of the product, basic action elements can be dynamically added to the walking dance.
Organizational Culture
Authors: Dwi Kemala
Published: January 2024

Budaya Organisasi yaitu pola dasar asumsi bersama, nilai-nilai, dan keyakinan yang dianggap sebagai cara yang benar dalam memikirkan dan bertindak atas masalah dan peluang yang dihadapi organisasi.
Resume13_Rido Nasruloh_03111220033_ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Authors: Nasruloh Rido
Published: January 2024

Pola dasar asumsi bersama, nilainilai, dan keyakinan yang dianggap sebagai cara yang benar dalam memikirkan dan bertindak atas masalah dan peluang yang dihadapi organisasi
RIBA
Authors: Yusnia
Published: January 2024

Riba adalah setiap tambahan bagi salah satu pihak yang berakad dalam akad pertukaran, tanpaada pengganti, atau riba adalah tambahan sebagai pengganti dari waktu.
Syariah Islam Seputar Perdagangan Luar Negeri
Authors: Gustiawan Restu
Published: January 2024

Perdagangan Internasional merupakan aktivitas jual beli dalam hal ini ekspor impor yang dilakukan oleh suatu negara ke negara lain.
POWER AND INFLUENCE IN THE WORKPLACE
Authors: Sobandi Rea Aprila
Published: January 2024

Kekuatan adalah kapasitas seseorang, tim, atau organisasi untuk mempengaruhi pihak lainnya. Di dalam makna kekuatan, terdapat kekuatan konter yang merupakan kapasitas dari sebuah tim, seseorang atau organisasi untuk menjaga orang atau kelompok yang lebih kuat dalam hubungan pertukaran. Walaupun keberadaan kekuatan memerlukan ketergantungan, sebenarnya para pihak dalam hubungan pertukaran saling tergantung satu sama lainnya.
The Balance Permutation Test: A Machine Learning Replacement for Balance Tables
Authors: Rametta Jack T. , Fuller Sam
Published: January 2024

Balance tests are standard for experiments despite their inability to detect randomization issues and covariate imbalance. There is no consensus on how randomization and balance should be checked, and how failures and imbalances should be addressed, if they should be addressed at all. In this article we provide clear guidelines and implement a new method, the "balance permutation test," designed to detect complex randomization failures. Our approach leverages both permutation inference and machine learning for this task. We show how the balance permutation test is able to detect complex imbalance in real, simulated, and even fabricated data. Moreover we advocate researchers employ powerful doubly-robust machine learning treatment effect estimators to improve precision and power both when randomization goes awry and in general. Lastly, we introduce an R package, MLbalance implementing our approach. We aim to resolve the debate over how to detect and adjust for randomization issues in experiments.
Power-law premelting in wire regelation
Authors: Meyer Colin , Bellamy Julia , Rempel Alan
Published: January 2024

Wire regelation is a common tabletop demonstration of the pressure-dependence of the ice melting temperature in which a loaded wire moves from top to bottom through a block of ice, yet leaves the block intact. With the background temperature fixed at the bulk melting point $\sim0\,^{\circ}$C, the elevated ice and liquid pressures beneath the wire cause melting because of the negative Clapeyron slope, while refreezing takes place above the wire where the pressures are reduced. Regelation is the fundamental model for temperate glacier ice moving through small bedrock obstacles. Laboratory experiments demonstrate that regelation continues to occur, albeit at much slower velocities, when the fixed background ice temperature is cold enough that the wire load is insufficient to produce bulk melting, suggesting that premelting plays a central role in this regime. Here we compile available data for wire regelation at all temperatures. We then develop a model for the subtemperate data points, where the film thickness depends on the temperature below the melting point. We find excellent model-data agreement for slow regelation velocities, allowing us to characterize the dominant premelting mechanisms for different wire compositions. These results advance our understanding of the role of premelting in subtemperate glacier sliding.
Altercentric bias in infants’ encoding of object kind
Authors: Kampis Dora , Askitis Dimitris , Southgate Victoria
Published: January 2024

Human infants may exhibit an altercentric bias, where the perspective of others biases theirown cognition. This bias may serve a crucial learning function in early ontogeny. This worktested the two main predictions of an altercentric bias in 14-month-old infants: (i) conceptualinformation should also be encoded altercentrically, and (ii) the other’s perspective maycompletely override infants’ own processing. We probed if infants detect a semantic mismatchif hidden objects are labelled incorrectly from their own, or another person’s perspective.Experiment 1 found a reduced electrophysiological mismatch response (the ‘N400’ event-related potential) when labeling was congruent from the other’s perspective compared toincongruent, though it was always incongruent for the infant. Experiment 2 found no effect of(in)congruency from the infants' perspective when labeling was always congruent from theother’s. These findings demonstrate a strong altercentric bias that prioritizes encodingconceptual information from others’ perspective during early development.
Digitale Hoffnungsträger? Herausforderungen und Potentiale von Digitalen Gesundheitsanwendungen für die Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Störungen in Deutschland
Authors: Kohl Simon Huldreich , Henn Alina Theresa , Fendel Johannes Caspar , Luttermann Alfred , van Noort Betteke Maria , Konrad Kerstin
Published: January 2024

Mit dem Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetz hat Deutschland einen entscheidenden Schritt zur Förderung qualitativ hochwertiger, evidenzbasierter digitaler Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGAs) unternommen. Zugleich besteht in weiten Teilen Deutschlands eine deutliche Versorgungslücke im Bereich psychischer Störungen, von der Kinder und Jugendliche, insbesondere infolge der Corona-Pandemie, besonders stark betroffen sind. DiGAs bieten als niedrigschwellige, orts- und zeitunabhängige therapeutische Angebote eine zusätzliche Möglichkeit, auf diese Unterversorgung zu reagieren. Insbesondere in der heranwachsenden Generation von Digital Natives besteht eine große Nachfrage nach digitalen therapeutischen Angeboten. Trotz des wachsenden DiGA-Angebots für Erwachsene fehlen bisher zugelassene DiGAs für Kinder und Jugendliche mit psychischen Störungen. Die Versorgungsnachfrage wird damit einem unübersichtlichen und unregulierten Markt internet- und mobilbasierter Interventionen überlassen, deren Evidenzbasierung, Sicherheit und Qualität nicht gewährleistet sind. Diese Diskrepanz zwischen Angebot und Nachfrage könnte in den spezifischen Herausforderungen und Risiken sowie einem daraus resultierenden geringen Anreiz begründet sein, DiGAs für diese besonders schutzbedürftige Zielgruppe zu entwickeln. Dazu gehören: (1) limitierte Evidenzgrundlage, (2) hohe Komplexität bei der Studiendurchführung, (3) hohe Komplexität bei der Entwicklung, (4) spezifische, wenig erforschte Risiken und (5) hohe regulatorische Anforderungen. In diesem Artikel sollen diese Herausforderungen diskutiert und Perspektiven für eine hochwertige, sichere und evidenzbasierte digitale mentale Gesundheitsversorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen durch DiGAs aufgezeigt werden.
Understanding Change from the Patient Perspective: A Qualitative Interview Study with Responders and Non-Responders in a Transdiagnostic Internet-based Intervention for Emotional Disorders
Authors: Schaeuffele Carmen , Knaevelsrud Christine , Renneberg Babette , Boettcher Johanna
Published: January 2024

Background: Qualitative investigations that openly explore changes and facilitators of changes from the patient’s perspective might offer valuable insights on important impacts of therapy and their change mechanisms. Objective: Our aim for this study was to extend findings from qualitative process research to the Internet-based setting and shed light on possible differences between treatment responders and non-responders. In exploring the patients’ perspective on the intervention, we were interested to understand (1) which changes responders and non-responders experienced, and (2) which aspects of the intervention they found helpful or hindering in facilitating those changes. Method: We interviewed 21 patients that showed response or non-response to treatment using the Change Interview Schedule following a 10-week Internet-based intervention based on the Unified Protocol. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Both responders and non-responders reported positive changes. Most frequently they reported increased positive affect (81%). Interviewees reported that they experienced few negative effects following treatments. Both groups reported helpful aspects of treatment, with guidance mentioned most frequently (85,7%). Mainly, aspects of the specific framework were perceived as hindering (e.g., lack of personalization) (66.7%).Conclusion: Overall, patients reported mostly positive impacts, even if they did not respond to treatment on quantitative questionnaires. In terms of change mechanisms, our results highlighted that what patients find helpful or hindering is highly individual.
Testing psychological inoculation to reduce reactance to vaccine-related communication
Authors: Karlsson Linda C. , Mäki Karl Otto , Holford Dawn Liu , Fasce Angelo , Schmid Philipp , Lewandowsky Stephan , Soveri Anna
Published: January 2024

Research has found that vaccine-promoting messages can elicit state reactance (i.e., negative emotions in response to a perceived threat to behavioral freedom), especially among individuals with high trait reactance (i.e., proneness to experiencing reactance). This can result in a lower willingness to accept vaccines. We investigated whether inoculation against reactance—that is, forewarning individuals about potentially experiencing reactance—can reduce the effects of trait reactance on vaccination willingness. Participants (N = 710) recruited through Facebook were randomly allocated to be either inoculated or not. They were then shown a message promoting a fictitious vaccine, which included either a low, medium, or high threat to freedom. Contrary to research on other health topics, inoculation was ineffective at reducing state reactance towards the vaccination message. Inoculation also did not mitigate the effects of trait reactance on vaccination willingness, and was even counterproductive in some cases. High-reactant individuals were less willing to get vaccinated than low-reactant ones, especially at high freedom threat. Conversely, high freedom threat resulted in increased vaccination willingness among low-reactant individuals. Further research is needed to understand why inoculation against reactance produces different results with vaccination, and to develop communication strategies that mitigate reactance to vaccination campaigns without compromising the positive effects of vaccine recommendations for low-reactant individuals.
Development of an instrument to assess racism in Singapore
Authors: Chew Peter K. H.
Published: January 2024

Racism refers to “the differential treatment enacted by an individual, group, or organization on individuals based on assumptions of a group’s phenotypic, linguistic, or cultural differences” (Gamst, Liang, & Der-Karabetian, 2011, p. 251). The purpose of the study was to develop and validate an instrument, the Chinese Racial Attitudes toward Malays Scale (CRAM), to assess racism against Malays in Singapore. Participants were 120 undergraduates from a university in Singapore. Their ages ranged from 17 to 40 years (M = 21.58, SD = 3.13). Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure for the CRAM: (a) Overt Racism and (b) Covert Racism. The two factors had acceptable internal consistency coefficients of .89 and .85, respectively. Taken together, the current study provided support for the use of the CRAM as a psychometrically valid instrument among Singapore undergraduate students. Future research directions include confirming the two-factor structure of the CRAM.
Therapeutic dissociation: From non-ordinary states to psychological transformation
Authors: Clingo Joshua
Published: January 2024

Common mental health pathologies such as depression, anxiety, addiction, and PTSD have recently seen treatment inroads. These issues share a phenomenological core—a dissociative quality that involves the disintegration of self and other. Interestingly, some of the most effective treatments of these pathologies are themselvesacutely dissociative. For example, psychedelic therapy has been effective at treating these pathologies and involves highly dissociative altered states. This pattern holds across other dissociative methods such as hypnosis, CBT, and meditation, leading some to hypothesize that there is a common pathway from acutely altered states to long-term treatment of conditions that involve pathological dissociation. Among the proposed mechanisms are pivotal mental states, the entropic brain, REBUS, and pattern breaking. In this paper, I highlight the methods and mechanisms behind the observed clinical efficacy in treating pathologically dissociative mental health issues. I also propose a simplified underlying structure and an experimental approach that could result in effective treatment without complicated pharmacological interventions.
Deep Learning with DAGs
Authors: Balgi Sourabh , Daoud Adel , Pena Jose , Wodtke Geoffrey , Zhou Jesse
Published: January 2024

Social science theories often postulate causal relationships among a set of variables or events. Although directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are increasingly used to represent these theories, their full potential has not yet been realized in practice. As non-parametric causal models, DAGs require no assumptions about the functional form of the hypothesized relationships. Nevertheless, to simplify the task of empirical evaluation, researchers tend to invoke such assumptions anyway, even though they are typically arbitrary and do not reflect any theoretical content or prior knowledge. Moreover, functional form assumptions can engender bias, whenever they fail to accurately capture the complexity of the causal system under investigation. In this article, we introduce causal-graphical normalizing flows (cGNFs), a novel approach to causal inference that leverages deep neural networks to empirically evaluate theories represented as DAGs. Unlike conventional approaches, cGNFs model the full joint distribution of the data according to a DAG supplied by the analyst, without relying on stringent assumptions about functional form. In this way, the method allows for flexible, semi-parametric estimation of any causal estimand that can be identified from the DAG, including total effects, conditional effects, direct and indirect effects, and path-specific effects. We illustrate the method with a reanalysis of Blau and Duncan’s (1967) model of status attainment and Zhou’s (2019) model of conditional versus controlled mobility. To facilitate adoption, we provide open-source software together with a series of online tutorials for implementing cGNFs. The article concludes with a discussion of current limitations and directions for future development.
From Attentiveness to Distraction: The Transformation of Belief and Disbelief in Western Society
Authors: Bradic Aleksandar
Published: January 2024

In this essay, we will attempt to delve into the broader phenomenon of declining belief in modern society, encompassing but not limited to religious belief, by tracing the transformation of the fundamental categories of time, self and attention from the sixteenth century to the present. Drawing significant inspiration from Charles Taylor’s analysis of the shift of the religious ‘default’ from belief to unbelief within a given period, we will strive to emphasise the significance of what Steve Bruce terms ‘technological consciousness’ in this process. Furthermore, we will attempt to rethink the causes of the change to ‘default unbelief’ by considering global technological and cultural developments in the twenty-first century, previously unaddressed in Taylor’s analysis. To this end, we will particularly draw on the insights of Zygmunt Bauman and cultural theorist Byung-Chul Han, among others. The central thesis that we will propose is that the decline in the belief in God in today’s world is not necessarily caused by scientific or technological disenchantment but instead by a profound transformation and fragmentation of perceived time, self, and our attention, which has evolved alongside modernity, coupled with a new kind of secular re-enchantment facilitated by the digital age. We will argue that, in contemporary society, religious belief is not so much intentionally renounced as it is left adrift, without a firm footing in this new, fragmented order of things. Lastly, we will briefly examine religious responses to some of these developments and propose a potential path forward.
Post-Instrument Bias
Authors: Schuessler Julian , Glynn Adam , Rueda miguel
Published: January 2024

When using instrumental variables, researchers often assume that causal effects are only identified conditional on covariates. We show that the role of these covariates in applied research is often unclear and that there exists confusion regarding their ability to mitigate violations of the exclusion restriction. We explain when and how existing adjustment strategies may lead to ``post-instrument'' bias. We then discuss assumptions that are sufficient to identify various treatment effects when adjustment for post-instrument variables is required. In general, these assumptions are highly restrictive, albeit they sometimes are testable. We also show that other existing tests are generally misleading. Then, we introduce a sensitivity analysis that uses information on variables influenced by the instrument to gauge the effect of potential violations of the exclusion restriction. We illustrate it in two replications of existing analyses and summarize our results in easy-to-understand guidelines.
Measuring Distances in High Dimensional Spaces: Why Average Group Vector Comparisons Exhibit Bias, And What to Do About it
Authors: Green Breanna , Hobbs Will , Rodriguez Pedro L. , Spirling Arthur , Stewart Brandon M.
Published: January 2024

Analysts often seek to compare representations in high-dimensional space, e.g. embeddings vectors of the same word across groups. We show that the distance measures calculated in such cases can exhibit considerable statistical bias, that stems from uncertainty in the estimation of the elements of those vectors. This problem applies to Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, and other similar measures. After illustrating the severity of this problem for text-as-data applications, we benchmark a series of possible bias corrections. These estimators require obtaining the variance of the latent positions. We (will) implement the estimators in free software, and we offer recommendations for related work.
植民地から自動車へ、イノベーションが帝国主義の終焉を齎すメカニズム
Authors: Kongō Charles
Published: January 2024

植民地と帝国主義の世界はなぜ終わったのか？ウラジーミル・レーニンは資本主義の最高段階を「帝国主義」と位置付けたが、実際には次が存在したからである。本稿が提唱する現代資本主義は「モータリズム」であり、これと対比することで帝国主義を再定義した。「帝国主義」とはプロセス・イノベーションによる供給増加が優勢な段階であり、経済成長には植民地の需要を必要とした。これに対して「モータリズム」はプロダクト・イノベーションによって自ら需要を作り出すため、植民地市場を必要としない段階である。本稿が主張する帝国主義の終焉は1908年のフォード・モデルTが起点であり、ウッドロウ・ウィルソンの戦争違法化、そして第二次世界大戦後の英仏の脱植民地まで、国際秩序の変化は帝国主義からモータリズムへの遷移によって引き起こされたことを明らかにした。
Ukrainian Refugees in Switzerland: A research synthesis of what we know
Authors: Ruedin Didier
Published: January 2024

The objective of this research synthesis is to collect and summarize the research literature on Ukrainian refugees in Switzerland. This is done through a systematic review, mostly in the form of a narrative review and with statistical indicators that are synthesized. There is a wide range of evidence on Ukrainian refugees in Switzerland and their integration, although substantive and systematic gaps remain. The review provides a brief historical background, looks at the demographic composition of Ukrainian refugees in Switzerland, discusses economic integration, housing, education, social integration, crime and safety, health and well-being, and attitudes to Ukrainian refugees. Much less is known about cultural integration and political participation. Given the size of the population and the ongoing war in Ukraine, more research on Ukrainian refugees is warranted, particularly in the direction of successful integration in a context where return seems increasingly unlikely --- although dual-intent remains the official focus ---, and in areas beyond economic integration that affect well-being and intentions to return.
Nabelvenenkatheter im Notarztdienst – Häufigkeit, Probleme & Lösungsansätze
Authors: Schlatzer Christoph , Bruckner Marlies , Wolfsberger Christina H. , Freidorfer Daniel , Urlesberger Berndt , Schwaberger Bernhard
Published: January 2024

Einleitung Die Medikamentengabe im Rahmen einer Neugeborenen-Reanimation ist ein seltenes Ereignis, stellt aber insbesondere im Notarztdienst eine Herausforderung dar. Der Nabelvenenkatheter (NVK) ist der hierfür empfohlene Gefäßzugang, dessen Etablierung und Fixierung gerade präklinisch schwierig sein kann.

Methodik Retrospektive Datenauswertung. Inkludiert wurden alle Neugeborenen, die nach ungeplanter präklinischer Geburt im Zeitraum 01/2012–01/2022 durch Notärztinnen/Notärzte reanimiert, und anschließend an der Abteilung für Neonatologie Graz und/oder vom neonatologischen Intensivtransportdienst betreut wurden. Es wurde die Häufigkeit von präklinischen NVK-Anlagen, hierbei aufgetretenen Probleme, sowie die Größe der Katheter evaluiert.

Ergebnisse Bei insgesamt 15 präklinischen Neugeborenen-Reanimationen wurde achtmal erfolgreich ein Zugang etabliert: 5x NVK, 2x intravenöser und 1x intraossärer Zugang. Von den fünf NVK wurden vier durch Notärztinnen/Notärzte gelegt. Hierfür wurden Venenverweilkanülen unterschiedlicher Größen (24G/22G/20G/16G)verwendet. Den fünften NVK legte ein Neonatologe des alarmierten Intensivtransportdiensts. Probleme und Lösungsansätze: In einem Fall war die Fixierung mit medizinischen Klebebändern insuffizient, in einem weiteren Fall rutschte die Venenverweilkanüle ohne etablierte Fixierung aus der Nabelvene heraus. Einmal wurde die Kanüle suffizient mittels Einmalnabelklemme fixiert, ein weiteres Mal war die Fixierung mittels Einmalnabelklemme nicht möglich, sondern erfolgte mittels Metallklemme.

Zusammenfassung Die Anlage eines NVK wurde bei einem Drittel aller präklinischen Neugeborenen-Reanimationen durchgeführt. Unsicherheit bestand bei Notärztinnen/Notärzten bezüglich der Auswahl von Kathetergröße und Fixierungsmethode.

Diskussion In einer rezent publizierten experimentellen Studie [1] wurde das Katheterisieren von Nabelvenen mit Venenverweilkanülen zweier Größen (18G/20G) und deren Fixierung untersucht: Das Einführen von 18G-Kanülen war nur in 58% aller Versuche bei Nabelschnüren Reifgeborener möglich, das Einführen einer 20G-Kanüle gelang bei 94% aller Versuche bei Nabelschnüren von Früh- und Reifgeborenen. Es wurde gezeigt, dass die NVK-Fixierung mittels Einmalnabelklemme eine sichere und effiziente Methode ist, die auch präklinisch angewendet werden könnte.

[1] Schwaberger, B., Schlatzer, C., Freidorfer, D. et al. (2021). The use of a disposable umbilical clamp to Secure an umbilical venous catheter in neonatal emergencies-an experimental feasibility study. Children (Basel), 8(12), 1093.
Präklinische und innerklinische Anwendung intraossärer Gefäßzugänge bei Neugeborenen
Authors: Schwaberger Bernhard , Mileder Lukas P. , Urlesberger Berndt
Published: January 2024

Fragestellung Der intraossäre (i.o.) Gefäßzugang wird als Notfallzugang frühzeitig für jene Neugeborenen empfohlen, bei denen andere Gefäßzugänge erfolglos waren. Wie oft wurden präklinisch oder innerklinisch i.o.-Zugänge bei Neugeborenen im Einzugsgebiet der Klinischen Abteilung für Neonatologie Graz eingesetzt und wie verhalten sich dabei Erfolgs- und Komplikationsraten?

Methodik Mittels elektronischer Fragebögen wurden PatientInnen identifiziert, die an der Klinischen Abteilung für Neonatologie Graz behandelt wurden und präklinisch oder innerklinisch mittels des Arrow® EZ-IO®-Systems (Teleflex Medical Europe Ltd., Irland) zwischen 1. November 2012 und 30. Dezember 2021 einen i.o.-Zugang erhielten. Die Daten wurden deskriptiv analysiert.

Ergebnisse Im Studienzeitraum wurde bei 17 Neugeborenen die Anlage eines i.o.-Gefäßzuganges im Bereich der Tibia versucht (2x präklinisch durch NotärztInnen, 3x in peripheren Krankenhäusern, 12x an der Klinischen Abteilung für Neonatologie Graz). Bei zwölf der 17 Neugeborenen (70,6%) war eine erfolgreiche Anlage möglich, in drei dieser zwölf Fälle (25,0%) gelang der i.o.-Gefäßzugang erst beim zweiten Punktionsversuch an der kontralateralen Tibia. Bei 16 PatientInnen (94,1%) erfolgten i.o.-Punktionsversuche im Rahmen einer postnatalen Erstversorgung bzw. Reanimation und lediglich einer (5,9%) im Rahmen des stationären Aufenthaltes an der neonatologischen Intensivstation. Zwölf der dreizehn punktierenden ÄrztInnen (92,3%) hatten die Anlage eines i.o.-Gefäßzuganges vor der realen Situation an einem Patientensimulator oder Trainingsmodell trainiert. Komplikationen (Paravasate, lokale Infektionen) wurden bei vier PatientInnen nach i.o.-Punktionsversuchen (23,5%) berichtet.

Interpretation Der i.o.-Gefäßzugang wird beim Neugeborenen selten angewendet. Die primäre Indikation war die postnatale Erstversorgung bzw. Reanimation. Die Erfolgsrate war moderat, obwohl die überwiegende Mehrheit der ausführenden ÄrztInnen die Durchführung vorab simulationsbasiert trainiert hatte. Behandlungsrelevante Komplikationen wurden in circa einem Viertel der Punktionsversuche beobachtet.
Wie gut sind die Mitarbeiter auf einen Massenanfall von Verletzten im Universitätsklinikum vorbereitet?
Authors: Geimer Manuel , Henck Anett
Published: January 2024

Fragestellung: In dieser Untersuchung wurden die Prozesse und Abläufe des am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg bestehenden MANV-Konzeptes aus Sicht der Mitarbeiter überprüft, sowie deren Kenntnisstand zum Konzept und dessen Inhalten ermittelt.

Material/Methoden: Im Rahmen einer am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg durchgeführten MANV-Übung wurden direkt im Anschluss an die Übung alle teilnehmenden Mitarbeiter mittels eines anonymisierten, strukturierten und standardisierten Fragebogen befragt. Schwerpunkte der Evaluation lagen auf Kenntnisstand des bestehenden Konzeptes, sowie Prozessabläufe hinsichtlich Alarmierung, Patientenversorgung und Kommunikation. Zur Auswertung wurden alle Fragen einzeln retrospektiv ausgewertet. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv.

Ergebnisse: Von den 104 Personen, die in die Untersuchung eingeschlossen werden konnten, lag die Rücklaufquote bei 92,3%, wovon 80,8% ausgewertet werden konnten. Die Berufsgruppen bestanden zu 43% aus Ärzten und 53% aus Pflegepersonal.11% der Teilnehmer hatten eine Leitungsfunktion inne. Gaben die überwiegende Anzahl der Mitarbeiter an, sowohl die Begrifflichkeit MANV, wie auch das Vorhandensein eines klinikinternen Konzeptes zu kennen, ergab eine genauere Analyse der Daten, dass lediglich 36% der Ärzte und 38% des Pflegepersonals Inhalt und Umfang des Konzeptes geläufig sind. Bei näherer Betrachtung gaben lediglich 28% der Ärzte und 29% des Pflegepersonals an, die Abläufe im Katastrophenfall zu kennen. Die Dauer der Betriebszugehörigkeit am Universitätsklinikum (0-20 Jahre) hat kaum Einfluss auf den Kenntnisstand.

Schlussfolgerungen: Diese erstmalig erhobene Evaluation der Abläufe im Großschadensfall aus Mitarbeitersicht, sowie die statistische Auswertung der Kenntnisse der Mitarbeiter zum Großschadensfall und den an diese daraus resultierenden Anforderungen zeigt auf, dass Abläufe zum Teil auf den Prüfstand gestellt, optimiert und vermehrt geschult werden müssen. Besonders deutlich wurde die Diskrepanz zwischen allgemeinen Informationen bei MANV-Lagen am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg und den konkreten Inhalten des bestehenden Konzeptes und daraus resultierenden Aufgaben für den einzelnen Mitarbeiter im realen Katastrophenfall.
Automatic ROSC detection during cardiopulmonary resuscitation using accelerometry of feedback devices
Authors: Kern Wolgang J. , Orlob Simon , Bohn Andreas , Toller Wolfgang , Gräsner Jan-Thorsten , Wnent Jan , Holler Martin
Published: January 2024

Research question

Manual pulse check leaves the identification of a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiac arrest treatment to be challenging due to its lack of reliability. Thus, we developed an algorithm which reliably determines circulation state and detects a ROSC during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) based on electrocardiogram and accelerometry data from real-world defibrillator records.

Methodology

480 cases were obtained from the German Resuscitation Registry, and annotated by physicians using newly developed Python scripts. A recently published algorithm [1][2] was used to flag intervals with chest compressions absent. Those intervals were fragmented into 4-second long snippets containing electrocardiogram (ECG) and accelerometry and a label (’spontaneous circulation’ or ’cardiac arrest), which were further preprocessed to overcome shortcomings of retrospective annotation and corrupted data. From these snippets we computed 14 features as an input for a machine learning algorithm, which we trained on a subset of the data set. The performance of the algorithm to detect the circulation state was assessed on a separate subset unused for training.

Results

The algorithm exhibits a sensitivity of 93.0% and a specificity of 95.7% for detecting the circulation state during CPR. Using only ECG data leads to an inferior performance compared to additionally employing accelerometry data for classification.

InterpretationAccelerometry data improves classification performance significantly compared to using only ECG data. The proposed algorithm, if implemented into defibrillators by a firmware update, may aid clinicians in ROSC detection and subsequent decision making. Another potential application is the retrospective analysis of defibrillator data for clinical quality management and research, by simplifying the laborious manual annotation. Further improvements to the algorithm (including better data quality) could additionally enhance its performance, although further clinical validation of the algorithm is needed.

 

References

[1] Simon Orlob, Wolfgang J. Kern, Birgitt Alpers et al. Chest compression fraction calculation: A new, automated, robust method to identify periods of chest compressions from defibrillator data – tested in zoll x series. Resuscitation, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.12.028

[2] Wolfgang J. Kern, Simon Orlob, Birgitt Alpers et al. A sliding-window based algorithm to determine the presence of chest compressions from acceleration data. Data in Brief, 2022, S. 107973. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.107973
Guru as an Academic Leader in Vedic Tradition: A Review
Authors: Neupane Bharat , Gnawali Laxman
Published: January 2024

Vedic literature from the Indian Subcontinent does not use the phrase ‘academic leadership’ or any other terminology precisely equivalent to this; still, rishi-munis , gurus, and even some kings with passion for knowledge, who provided the environment for exploration and dissemination of knowledge and wisdom can be considered as academic leaders in true sense. In this line, this article reports the review results on the concept of educational leadership depicted in Vedic literature. For this purpose, we explored writings on Vedic wisdom tradition and philosophy, mainly in Google Scholar, using the keyphrases “academic leadership in Vedic literature,” “education system in India,” “Sanatan philosophy,” “Hindu education system,” “Gurukul education,” and “education system in Mithila.” The review results revealed that academic leaders were selected based on practical expertise and specialization in content knowledge, particularly skills, knowledge, character, moral values, perseverance, and gratitude. Academic leaders were father figures, a source of inspiration, role models, and much more. Besides, leaders were characterized by honesty, devotion, and trust, and they had a passion for education and dedication to the profession with a desire for the quest for eternal truth. At current times, when the selection of leadership in academia is based on non-academic influence, such as political inclination, nepotism, and favoritism, neglecting leadership qualities and performance, particularly in Nepal and many other countries, the article provides valuable insights into academic leadership.
Impact of E-Pedagogy in English E-Class in Higher Education of Nepal
Authors: Khadka Bishnu Kumar
Published: January 2024

Though the use of e-pedagogy in education has been advocated, it had not been well-practiced before the COVID-19 pandemic period in Nepalese education context. In this connection, thisstudy aimsto reflect the context and explore the use and impact of e-pedagogy in terms of access and quality with the practices of it by the university English teachers and students of Nepal during pandemic and post pandemic contexts. The mixed-method research design was used collecting data from an online survey questionnaire and internet based semi-structured interviews among the participants from the teachers (N=20) and students (N=80) of five universities for quantitative data and for qualitative data from two students and two teachers of two the universities of Nepal. The findings of the study revealed that on average, 23.6% of university teachers and students have a positive impact of e-pedagogy where KU followed by MU, TU, PU and FWU teachers and students were found to be using more often it in terms of joining e-class and using resources (30%), interaction (33%), regularity (31%), techno-based learning (average 21.2%:MU–28%), searching internet-based resources (TU–28%), attending online examinations (average 17.4%:KU21%), participating online training/workshop/ conference (average 23.8%:KU–26%), and learner autonomy (average 15.4%:PU-19%) supported by the qualitative data. Furthermore, the use of e-pedagogy in ELT was found to be no longer being used regularly pandemic period onwards and suggested to be practiced as the regular part of teaching and learning in a blended way. Overall, e-pedagogy has had a positive impact on teaching-learning in English e-class during the pandemic period.
Adoption of Digital Agro-Advisory Services Among Smallholder Farmers: Patterns of the Innovation-Decision Process
Authors: Vaidya Bristi , Rana Hritika , Sharma Sagar Raj
Published: January 2024

Various digital agricultural advisory services have been developed to effectively exchange agriculture related information, skill and knowledge with the farmers. However, innovation and readiness of such technology does not guarantee that it will be adopted by the farmers. This study focuses on understanding farmers’ adoption of digital agroand non-adoption. A mixed-method research was conducted with 50 farmers of Kageshwori Manohara Municipality of Bagmati province, Nepal, who were also the users of mobile-based agriculture application, innovation theory was used as an analytical lens for data interpretation. terms of their adoption decision i.e., passive rejecters, active rejecters as digital literacy, farmer’s agricultural needs, communication channel, farmer’s social network, socio-economic and household dynamics and technological cluster. The study further argues that such innovations need to incorporate information that not just aligns with the needs of any farmers but should also be based on the local context.
Reliability Analysis of Bearing Capacity of Soil of Combined Pile Raft Foundation (CPRF) of Historic Dharahara
Authors: Lamsal Laxman , Acharya Indra Prasad
Published: January 2024

When the raft foundation alone does not fulfil the design requirement, it may be possible to enhance the performance of the raft by economical addition of piles to transfer the heavy load to soft soil with a rather low total or differential settlement called a combined pile raft foundation (CPRF). The proposed twenty-one storey Dharahara tower at Sundhara, Kathmandu is being constructed with CPRF.This paper focuses on the reliability index, the probability of failure and reliability of Dharahara. Statistical analysis is carried out to determine the mean and variance of log-normally distributed geotechnical uncertainty parameters cohesion, unit weight, friction angle and the normally distributed loading on the foundation. First, the limit equilibrium performance function equation of bearing capacity is prepared using a First Order Reliability Method (FORM) and then solving the value of reliability index by coding on C Programming Language. Obtained value is validated with Euro Code-Basis of Structural Design. The results show that the reliability of the designed foundation system of Dharahara is 0.99999872% and the probability of failure is 0.00000128%. Sensitivity analysis is performed by varying uncertainty parameters and the result shows that friction angle is more sensitive than the other three parameters.
Status Mutu Air Sungai Temulawak dan Air Tanah di sekitar PT X Kalurahan Triharjo, Kapanewon Sleman, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Yunianto Muhammad Rizky , Utami Ayu , Yudono Andi Renata Ade , Asrifah Rr. Dina , Muryani Eni
Published: January 2024

Air merupakan sumber daya alam yang sangat dibutuhkan manusia karena digunakan untuk kegiatan sehari-hari dan kegiatan lain. Industri tekstil di Kalurahan Triharjo, Kapanewon Sleman, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta berdasarkan informasi dari masyarakat limbah yang dibuang ke Sungai Temulawakmenimbulkan bau tidak sedap dan menyebabkan air tanah di selatan industri menjadi lebih keruh. Faktor lain penyebab menurunnya kualitas air sungai dan air tanah adalah jenis penggunaan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status mutu air sungai dan air tanah di sekitar industri tekstil. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian secara umum merupakan metode kuantitatif. Beberapa metode yang digunakan seperti survei dan pengamatan, pengambilan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling, pengolahan data menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa selain limbah cair industri tekstil, status mutu air sungai dan air tanah dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yaitu penggunaan lahan di daerah penelitian. Status mutu air sungai menunjukkan terdapat 1 sampel air sungai yang masuk ke dalam kategori tercemar ringan. Status mutu air tanah menunjukkan terdapat 3 sampel air tanah yang masuk ke dalam kategori tercemar ringan.
Korelasi Antara Laju Infiltrasi Terhadap Permeabilitas Pada Disposal Tambang Batubara Pt. XXX
Authors: Darmawan Aqiilah Rafif , Asrifah Rr. Dina
Published: January 2024

Pertambangan yaitu segala atau seluruh tahapan kegiatan dalam rangka penelitian, pengelolaan dan pengusahaan mineral atau batubara yang meliputi penyelidikan umum, eksplorasi, studi kelayakan, konstruksi, penambangan, pengolahan dan pemurnian, pengangkutan dan penjualan serta kegiatan pascatambang. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui korelasi atau hubungan antara laju infiltrasi dengan permeabilitas pada lokasi penelitian area disposal tambang batubara. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode survei pemetaan lapangan, metode grab sampling, metode laboratorium, metode analisis matematis, dan metode korelasi pearson. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai dari laju infiltrasi dan kapasitas infiltrasi pada lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode infiltro cincin ganda sebesar 119,4 mm/jam. Pengujian permeabilitas menggunakan uji laboratorium diperoleh hasil sebesar 7,60 X 10-9 m/s Hasil permeabilitas dan kapasitas infiltrasi dilakukan pendekatan korelasi pearson, diketahui tidak memiliki hubungan atau korelasi antara permeabilitas & kapasitas infiltrasi pada area disposal.
Perencanaan Reklamasi Pertambangan Nikel di PT. Sulawesi Tambang Utama
Authors: Larang Dofandra Maha , Suharwanto Suharwanto , Nugroho Nandra Eko , Irawan Agus Bambang , Algary Tissia Ayu
Published: January 2024

Kegiatan pertambangan di Indonesia berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan seperti hilangnya vegetasi pada area pertambangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi metode penambangan di daerah penelitian guna menentukan metode reklamasi yang akan digunakan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu analisis kualitatif yang berupa pencatatan hasil pengamatan, survey, dan observasi lapangan. Hasil yang didapat adalah beberapa kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam melakukan metode penambangan dengan cara menambang dari elevasi yang lebih rendah menuju ke elevasi yang lebih tinggi. Kesimpulan utama dari penelitian ini adalah reklamasi tidak dapat dilakukan secara bertahap dan menunggu hingga kegiatan pertambangan di lokasi penelitian telah selesai sehingga tidak mempengaruhi tahapan reklamasi yang akan dilakukan.
Model Sebaran Limbah Merkuri Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Di Kawasan Pertambangan Emas Rakyat Poboya Kota Palu Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Rusli M. Muhammad , Mandala Nanda Febriani , Abdullah Abdullah , Musa Moh. Dahlan Th. , Sandra Sandra , Badaruddin Badaruddin
Published: January 2024

Pertambangan emas rakyat di Kelurahan Poboya Kota Palu Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah menggunakan merkuri dalam jumlah sangat banyak sekitar 621,37 ppm atau 500 cc/tromol dalam satu kali pengolahan. Proses pengolahan ini menyebabkan tingginya kandungan limbah merkuri disekitar lingkungan pengolahan. Sampel lumpur yang diambil dari sisa pengolahan tromol mengandung merkuri sebesar 114,0101 ppm. Penelitian ini mengkaji pola sebaran limbah merkuri berdasarkan data hambatan jenis pada area pertambangan emas rakyat Poboya menggunakan metode geolistrik. Pengukuran menggunakan Automatic Array Scanning (AAS) dengan konfigurasi Wenner. Pengukuran terdiri dari 5 lintasan, dimana lintasan 1 dan 2 terdiri dari 22 elektroda sedangkan lintasan 3, 4, dan 5 terdiri dari 19 elektroda dengan jarak spasi elektroda 7 meter. Uji laboratorium pada sampel limbah merkuri juga dilakukan menggunakan metode Wheatstone Bridge untuk mengetahui nilai hambatan jenis limbah merkuri. Model Sebaran limbah merkuri 2D dimodelkan menggunakan Software Res2dinv, selanjutnya sebaran limbah merkuri 3D dimodelkan menggunakan Software Voxler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rentang nilai hambatan jenis limbah merkuri pada lokasi penelitian berkisar antara 4 Ωm hingga 65 Ωm, dengan litologi penyusun berupa formasi Alluvial. Model hambatan jenis 2D menunjukkan adanya kandungan limbah merkuri pada lintasan 1, 2, 3 dan 5. Model hambatan jenis 3D memperlihatkan pola sebaran limbah merkuri cenderung menyebar secara horizontal pada radius 5 meter dari kolam lumpur dan secara vertikal penetrasi merkuri telah menyebar hingga kedalaman 1,75 meter hingga 10 m. Konsentrasi limbah merkuri tertinggi berada pada bagian permukaan dan berangsur berkurang hingga kedalaman 10 meter.
Аймақтың əлеуметтік экономикалық дамуындағы демографиялық үрдістердің рөлі (Шығыс Қазақстан облысы мысалында)
Authors: Нұралина Қ.Т , Ниязбекова Ш.У.
Published: January 2024

Мақсаты: Шығыс Қазақстан облысы аймағындағы демографиялық жағдайдың ерекшеліктерін, аймақтың əлеуметтік-экономикалық дамуындағы демографияның рөлін анықтау.Əдісі: Статистикалық-математикалық құралдарды қолдана отырып, аймақтың əлеуметтік-экономикалық даму көрсеткіштерін талдау кезінде жүйелік талдау мен синтездің жалпы ғылыми əдістері қолданылды.Қорытынды: Мақалада Шығыс Қазақстан облысының жəне аймағының демографиялық жағдайын талдау нəтижелері келтірілген. Жүргізілген талдау Шығыс Қазақстан облысының демографиялық жағдайының негізгі проблемаларын, оның ішінде халық санының соңғы 30 жыл ішінде азаюын анықтауға мүмкіндік берді.Тұжырымдама: Шығыс Қазақстан облысының демографиялық жағдайына əсер ететін негізгі факторлар зерттелді. Жүргізілген зерттеу нəтижесінде өңірдің демографиялық жағдайын жақсарту бойынша басым шаралар, оның ішінде зорлық-зомбылық жанжалдарын жою; техногендік апаттардың алдын алу; қаражатты денсаулық сақтауға, білім беруге, ғылымға, отбасын нығайтуға басым инвестициялау ұсынылды.
Analysis of the tourism infrastructure of the cities of Central Kazakhstan
Authors: Mamrayeva D.G. , Tashenova L.V.
Published: January 2024

Object: the research of the current state of the tourist infrastructure of the cities of Central Kazakhstan, in particular, the analysis of urban transport infrastructure, as well as the main indicators of the activities of accommodation facilities during the quarantine period due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: for achieving the goal of the research, general scientific methods were widely used, in particular the method of content analysis, which made it possible to organize and structure the main scientific research related to the study of urban tourist infrastructure; method of analysis, which made it possible to assess the state of urban transport infrastructure and accommodation facilities in the region; a generalization method aimed at establishing existing relationships between the considered economic objects and phenomena; the method of graphic interpretation, which made it possible to visualize the results obtained.Results: the analysis of the state tourist infrastructure in the cities of the Karaganda region was carried out, special emphasis was made on the research of urban transport infrastructure, the dynamics of passenger traffic by mode of transport in conditions of quarantine restrictions were given, the availability of urban transport was reflected in terms of the possibility of renting cars for tourists. In connection with the increased demand for domestic tourism, the main motives of travel, geographic directions and the structure of expenses of domestic tourists have been studied. The main indicators of accommodation facilities (volume of services, occupancy, average cost, etc.) were also analyzed, the dynamics of the number of visitors served by categories and types of accommodation facilities was reflected, the impact of the pandemic on some aspects of the activities of accommodation companies was shown.Conclusions: the results obtained made it possible to give a comprehensive assessment of the state of the tourist infrastructure, namely, the transport and accommodation infrastructure in the cities of the Karaganda region, to identify the level of availability of tourist services in terms of car rental, the availability of category hotels and the level of their service.