bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terra de diatomáceas como alternativa no controle de Sitophilus spp. em arroz com casca
Authors: Gasparotto Francielli , Martins Maxwell Zeniquelli , Bocaleti Luiz Henrique dos Reis , Ramari Thaís de Oliveira Iácono , Paccola Edneia Aparecida de Souza
Published: December 2020

O emprego de métodos alternativos para o controle de pragas em substituição aos agentes químicos vem se destacando em todo mundo, na busca pela sustentabilidade e segurança alimentar nas cadeias produtivas. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do pó de terra diatomácea (TD) no controle dos Sitophilus spp. em arroz com casca. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5X3, com 5 doses de TD (0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000g de TD.t-1) x 3 períodos de tratamento prévio do arroz com TD (0, 7 e 14 dias) x 3 períodos de avaliação da mortalidade dos insetos (7, 14 e 21 dias). Amostras de 100 g de arroz foram acondicionadas em potes com 20 insetos adultos de Sitophilus spp. não sexados, onde foram avaliados a mortalidade dos insetos adultos. O uso da TD no controle de Sitophilus spp. em arroz com casca mostrou-se significativo, porém a mortalidade dos insetos variou de acordo a dose e o tempo de exposição destes ao agente de controle. Nos tratamentos em que o arroz com casca foi tratado previamente por 14 dias a mortalidade dos insetos ocorreu de forma mais lenta e em menor porcentagem. Os resultados ainda indicam que a dosagem mais eficiente foi a de 500g.t-1 associada ao período prévio de tratamento de 7 dias.  O uso da terra diatomácea apresenta-se como uma boa alternativa para a mortalidade de insetos em grãos armazenados em função das suas vantagens econômicas e ambientais.
Avaliação da qualidade das Águas da Baia do Guajará para consumo humano
Authors: Costa Karen Albuquerque Dias da , Benjamim Jaisielle Kelem França , Aguiar Neto Sabino Alves de , Ferreira Thamires Mendes Coelho , Philippsen Hellen Kempfer , Rosas Júlio César Freitas , Serra Ilka Suely Dias , Silva Jaqueline Maria Soares da , Lopes Maria do Socorro Bezerra , Souza Cezarina Maria Nobre
Published: December 2020

A população ribeirinha da ilha de Jutuba, pertencente ao município de Belém, não possui abastecimento público de água, sendo obrigada a recorrer ao consumo das águas da Baia do Guajará, bacia que banha a ilha, porém que recebe diariamente o despejo in natura do esgoto da cidade. Nesta perspectiva, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a qualidade da água da Baia do Guajará utilizada para o consumo humano pela população ribeirinha da Ilha de Jutuba. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: cor aparente, turbidez, potencial hidrogeniônico, alcalinidade, sólidos dissolvidos totais , condutividade elétrica, dureza total, coliformes totais e Escherichia coli. As análises das amostras demonstraram que somente as variáveis sólidos totais dissolvidos, dureza total e pH apresentaram valores apropriados para ingestão, enquanto a cor aparente, turbidez, coliformes totais e Escherichia coli inadequados aos limites de potabilidade nacional.
Lavem as mãos, mas e o acesso à água? Prospecção tecnológica sobre PD&I em Recursos Hídricos
Authors: Santos Luiz Diego Vidal , Holanda Francisco Sandro Rodrigues , Pedrotti Alceu , Oliveira Catuxe Varjão de Santana , Andrade Carlos Eduardo Celestino de , Bandeira Arilmara Abade
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caráter categórico, sistemático e prospectivo que busca analisar o contexto atual da Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação (PD&I) na distribuição, acesso e conservação da água. Na primeira fase deste trabalho foi realizada uma busca dos descritores a serem utilizados, para isto foram utilizadas as bases de dados Scorpus e IEEE Xplore para selecionar os artigos científicos, e a base de dados Spacenet para selecionar as patentes relacionadas. A partir dos corpus textuais selecionados, os descritores foram categorizados através do software VOSviewer. Para a classificação da importância e da situação de semelhança dos trabalhos, foi utilizado o software StArt. Para a análise quantitativa dos corpus textuais utilizou-se o programa IRAMUTEQ. Considerou-se que os temas governança de tecnologias, gerenciamento de recursos, uso sustentável da água no âmbito familiar, estruturas de distribuição e coleta de águas para reuso, e reservas subterrâneas, demonstram relevada importância no PD&I para recursos hídricos. Este trabalho mostra ainda que é oportuno focar mais em estudos que visam desenvolver tecnologias industriais e métodos de governança para atender demandas de distribuição e reuso de água.
Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral na região do baixo Tocantins/PA
Authors: Monteiro Nina Pinto , Costa Rita Thaise Moraes , Fonseca Paula Caroline Coelho , Santos Grace Kelly Cabral dos , Pontes Carla Daniele Nascimento , Maneschy Rodrigo Bona , Bichara Clea Nazaré Carneiro
Published: December 2020

A Leishmaniose Visceral é um agravo com grande impacto para a saúde pública, e que no Brasil foi responsável por 96% das notificações que ocorreram nas Américas em 2017, o que justifica a proposta desse trabalho. Por tanto, o estudo objetivou descrever os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da Leishmaniose Visceral na região do Baixo Tocantins, área endêmica no Estado do Pará. Como técnica de abordagem, a pesquisa apresenta um estudo transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo, sobre a base de dados do SINAN, no período de 2007 a 2015, referente aos casos de Leishmaniose Visceral em pacientes maiores de 18 anos, notificados nesta região. Foram identificados 284 casos da doença em pacientes com 18 anos ou mais, de um total de 1267 casos notificados no período. Houve predomínio da doença em indivíduos do sexo masculino, entre 18 e 27 anos, pardos, com ensino fundamental incompleto. O diagnóstico demorou de 0 a 90 dias, entre os primeiros sintomas e a notificação dos órgãos responsáveis e a maioria dos pacientes teve uma evolução para cura. O espaço de tempo, entre o diagnóstico e o início do tratamento, tem implicação direta no desfecho clínico do paciente. Dessa forma, estudos como este comprovam a necessidade de treinamento constante das equipes de saúde para a melhor identificação de casos de Leishmaniose Visceral.
Modelagem e previsão de temperaturas médias mensais de Rio Paranaíba/MG utilizando modelos de séries temporais
Authors: Menezes Filho Frederico Carlos Martins de
Published: December 2020

Os modelos de séries temporais são largamente utilizados no estudo de variáveis climatológicas como a precipitação, umidade e temperatura. Neste artigo, aplicou-se a metodologia Box & Jenkins no intuito da obtenção de um modelo estatístico para previsão de valores futuros de temperatura média mensal para a cidade de Rio Paranaíba-MG. Utilizaram-se dados de temperatura média de dezessete anos (janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2018) para o ajuste do modelo. Para o período de teste, foram utilizados os dados do ano de 2019. A análise permitiu identificar na série temporal em estudo, a presença dos componentes, tendência e sazonalidade. Diversos modelos do tipo SARIMA (Autorregresivo Integrado e de Médias Móveis Sazonal) foram ajustados. Dentre os modelos, selecionaram-se os que obtiveram os menores valores dos critérios AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion) e EQM (Erro Quadrático Médio). O modelo escolhido foi o modelo SARIMA (0,1,2) (3,1,0)12 que traduziu bem a dinâmica temporal da série para fins de previsão. O referido modelo obteve um bom ajuste à série de temperaturas médias observadas, apresentando para um horizonte previsto de dozes meses, um valor de 1,25 para o EQM.
Extremos climáticos associados à qualidade de água do Rio Guamá, São Miguel do Guamá, Pará
Authors: Marinho Eduardo Ribeiro , Vitorino Maria Isabel , Moura Maurício do Nascimento , Barbosa Ivan Carlos da Costa , Costa Luiz Gonzaga da Silva , Silva Emerson Renato Maciel da , Souza Hyago Elias Nascimento , Dias Filipe Gomes
Published: December 2020

O objetivo desse trabalho visa por investigar a influência dos extremos climáticos, El Niño, na sazonalidade da precipitação e da vazão relacionados com os parâmetros de qualidade de água do Rio Guamá em São Miguel do Guamá, Pará. Sendo assim, utilizou-se os parâmetros físico químicos: pH, Oxigênio Dissolvido, Condutividade Elétrica, Sólidos Totais Dissolvidos, Temperatura da água e Turbidez. A coleta de água foi feita em três pontos caracterizados pelo despejo dos resíduos de atividades situadas nas margens do rio, PA (montante) indústria de cerâmica vermelha, PB (centro) efluentes de esgoto doméstico e PC (jusante) atividade madeireira, e através do método de regressão linear foram correlacionadas com os dados diários de precipitação (mm) e vazão do rio (m³/s) para dois períodos distintos, chuvoso e menos chuvoso, entre os anos de 2015 e 2017. Vale ressaltar que há um padrão invertido nos dados de chuva para a região decorrente do El Niño ocorrido em 2015 a 2016. Tal situação gerou poucas chuvas na região, ocasionando assim, fortes correlações positivas e negativas entre as variáveis do sistema nos três pontos de coleta, em virtude do aumento da concentração dos resíduos orgânicos, provenientes das atividades, nas águas do rio.
Cidades seguras e resilientes? Das metas de desenvolvimento sustentável à mortalidade evitável em pequenos municípios
Authors: Campos Jéssica Mazutti Penso de , Silveira Eliane Fraga da , Périco Eduardo
Published: December 2020

A Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável direciona metas que perpassam o tripé do desenvolvimento sustentável, entre as metas está a redução da violência e o aumento da segurança rodoviária. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o potencial para o alcance das metas de desenvolvimento sustentável da agenda de 2030, a partir do cenário da mortalidade por causas externas evitáveis. Foi realizado um estudo ecológico, com os coeficientes de mortalidade por causas externas, na população jovem dos municípios da 16ª Coordenadoria Regional da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2014. Foram utilizados os coeficientes brutos e ajustados pelo método bayesiano empírico local, de mortalidade por causas externas e realizada a distribuição e análise espacial, através do cálculo do Índice de Moran. A correlação de Pearson possibilitou avaliar a relação entre os coeficientes de mortalidade com as variáveis: taxa de analfabetismo na população com idade ≥ 15 anos, percentual de população com idade ≥ 15 anos residente na zona urbana, renda média domiciliar per capita, taxa de desemprego na população com idade ≥ 16 anos e Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita. O teste G foi utilizado para verificar a probabilidade entre o sexo e as variáveis faixa etária, cor e escolaridade das vítimas. As principais causas de mortalidade em jovens foram as agressões (40,3%) e os acidentes de transporte (37,3%). A implantação ou implementação de políticas públicas relacionadas é necessária para o alcance das metas de desenvolvimento sustentável pactuados na agenda de 2030, uma vez que a tendência para a mortalidade por causas evitáveis, como as agressões e os acidentes de trânsito, é superior à mortalidade por doenças crônicas.
Análise temporal da qualidade da água e informações geográficas na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Passaúna
Authors: Andrade Ricardo Mauricio de Freitas , Teixeira Celimar Azambuja
Published: December 2020

As Áreas de Proteção Ambientais (APA’s) criadas na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba visam à proteção das bacias contribuintes das represas de abastecimento público, atuais e futuras, dentre as quais a APA do Passaúna tem um importante papel. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a relação entre o uso e ocupação do solo e a densidade demográfica na qualidade da água para três sub-bacias hidrográfica do Rio Passaúna. Para tanto, utilizaram-se os dados históricos de parâmetros de qualidade da água das estações de amostragem do IAP (Instituto Ambiental do Paraná) disponíveis na área de pesquisa, disponíveis entre os anos de 1991 a 2016, no período da Primavera, através do quais se obteve o indicador da AIQA (Avaliação Integrada da Qualidade da Água). Tendo como referência a localização dessas estações de amostragem, definiram-se as áreas das sub-bacias que correspondem as suas respectivas áreas de escoamento. Para os anos de 2000, 2010 e 2016 foram definidas para as áreas destas sub-bacias, a densidade demográfica, o uso do solo e do atendimento da rede coletora de esgoto, os quais foram comparados aos parâmetros de qualidade da água. Na sub-bacia SB 28, onde não foi verificada a presença de áreas urbanizadas, a maior cobertura por áreas de vegetação arbórea e a melhor preservação de vegetação ripária, indicaram uma relação desses fatores com a melhor condição de qualidade verificada neste ponto de monitoramento em comparação aos demais. Na sub-bacia SB 11, fora do perímetro da APA do Passaúna, verificou-se uma pior condição de qualidade da água em relação às sub-bacias a montante a jusante da represa. Essa piora está relacionada a maior permissividade de usos e de maior presença de áreas urbanizadas e industriais. Na sub-bacia Sb 11, ainda que a condição de qualidade tenha se mantida com poluída na maior parte do tempo, apesar do aumento da urbanização e da densidade demográfica, observou-se que a ampliação do atendimento da rede de coleta de esgoto sanitário contribuiu para a melhora ou manutenção na qualidade das águas nos anos avaliados. Os resultados advertem sobre a necessidade de implementação de medidas mitigadoras de poluição como a conscientização da população, aumento dos mecanismos de controle e fiscalização dessas áreas, assim como a ampliação da rede de coleta e de tratamento de esgoto.
Mathematical modeling in the Urumari micro-watershed using Streeter-Phelps mathematical models and the enhanced Do-Bod model
Authors: Moura Lucinewton Silva de , Lopes Ruy Bessa , Ribeiro Joseph Simões , Fernandes Graciene do Socorro Taveira , Almeida Rodolfo Maduro , Melo Sérgio Gouvêa de
Published: December 2020

When a certain load of pollutants is dumped in urban surface waters, the natural hydrological parameters are altered and a consequent dispersion of a contaminant occurs. Water self-purification is a natural recovery mechanism that aims to restore the natural parameters of water quality. In the municipality of Santarém, the Urumari micro-watershed, one of the main urban streams and a tributary of the Amazon river, suffers from increasing degradation. Thus, it is necessary to systematically monitor the water quality of the micro-watershed, through mathematical modeling, in order to identify environmental impairment and propose mitigating tools that facilitate self-purification capacity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the degree of disturbance of the Urumari micro-watershed using Streeter-Phelps mathematical models and the Enhanced DO-BOD model. The software Curve Expert 1.4 was used to adjust the coefficients of the mathematical models, using the Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear function adjustment method. The complete mathematical model of DO and BOD considered the parcels of punctual deficit, microbial BOD, nitrification, sediment demand, photosynthesis and respiration. Three coefficients of the Streeter-Phelps model and six coefficients of the Enhanced DO-BOD model were adjusted according to the experimental data of dissolved oxygen and water travel time. The mathematical models satisfactorily correlated the experimental data. The values of the correlation coefficient, mean absolute deviations and quadratic deviations are for the Streeter-Phelps model and the Enhanced DO-BOD model, respectively. The Streeter-Phelps model presented the best correlation to the experimental data with the values of R2 equal to 0.83; mean absolute deviation equal to 0.56 and quadratic deviations equal to 4.98.
Resilience of athletes: a systematic review based on a citation network analysis
Authors: Fonseca bicalho Camila cristina , Ferreira de Melo Gislane , Noce Franco
Published: December 2020

The aims of the present study are to understand indicators and the scope of theoretical models adopted to describe athletes’ resilience, as well as to analyze their impact on investigations about such resilience. A search for original academic publications within a 10-year period was conducted in the PubMed / Medline, Web of Science, Taylor and Francis, Lilacs, Scopus, Humam Kinects and Science Direct databases, to substantiate a systematic literature review on athletes’ resilience. Articles were analyzed based on their methodological characteristics and citation network analysis. In total, 47 articles were identified and the most referenced one was Fletcher and Sarkar (2012), which was followed by Galli and Vealey (2008). The Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience and Optimal Sport Performance by Fletcher and Sarkar (2012) seems to encompass the basic theoretical elementary aspects to better understand athletes’ resilience, so far. To conclude resilience is an on-going dynamic process based on individual characteristics and interactions with the environment.
Por qué los defensores del “aprendizaje a lo largo la vida” están en lo cierto solo a medias
Authors: Prensky Marc
Published: December 2020

Actualmente se habla con frecuencia de una nueva necesidad de aprendizaje permanente, distinguiéndolo del modelo precedente basado en primero aprender y luego trabajar. Argumentamos que, si bien el aprendizaje permanente puede desarrollarse, no es un objetivo útil. Una meta mucho mejor es el logro de por vida, ya que, fuera de la academia, los humanos aprenden para lograr. Demasiados asumen que si las personas aprenden cosas, el logro seguirá automáticamente, y esto argumentamos que es falso. Aunque aprender cosas nuevas es ciertamente una parte de lo que se necesita en un mundo cambiante, es mucho mejor enfocar a las personas en por qué, por ejemplo, ¿qué quieren lograr? Enfocarse en la continuación del aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida, y no en los logros a los que conduce es, en muchos casos, egoísta para aquellos que se ven a sí mismos en el negocio del aprendizaje. El aprendizaje a lo largo de toda la vida deja sin plantear y sin respuesta la pregunta de con qué fin. El mundo no necesita aprendices de por vida, sino que el mundo necesita personas que puedan hacer las cosas y aprender todo lo que necesitan mientras lo hacen. Centrar a las personas solo (o incluso principalmente) en el objetivo de aprender da una idea falsa de lo que realmente se necesita en el siglo XXI, por lo que esta idea solo merece un crédito parcial como solución útil.

Many currently promote a new need for Life-Long Learning in the future distinguishing it from the older model of learn once and then work. We argue that while life-long learning may indeed happen for many, it is not a useful goal. A far better goal is Life-Long Accomplishment, since, outside of academia, humans learn in order to accomplish. Too many assume that if people learn things, accomplishment will automatically follow, but this is false. Although learning new things is certainly a piece of what is needed in a changing world, it is far better to focus people on why, for instance, what do they want to accomplish?  Focusing on the continuation of learning throughout life, and not on the accomplishments it leads to is, in many cases, self-serving for those who see themselves in the learning business. Life-Long Learning leaves unasked and unanswered the question of to what end. The world does not need life-long learners, however the world needs people who can get things done and learn whatever they need as they do. Focusing people only (or even primarily) on the goal of learning gives a false idea of what is truly needed for in the 21st century, and therefore deserves only partial credit as a useful solution.
“The best men can be”
Authors: Nebeling Petersen Michael , Hvidtfeldt Karen
Published: December 2020

In January 2019, the company Gillette released a short movie “We believe” as advertisement for the brand. In the ad, Gillette reframes their slogan from “the best a man can get” to “the best a man can be.” Connecting the video to the #MeToo movement and critiquing ‘toxic masculinity’, Gillette portrays a new, more responsible, gentle, empathetic masculinity for “the men of tomorrow.” In this article, we present and discuss theories and strands of masculinity studies, and we analyze how the short movie portrays contemporary masculinity vis-à-vis these theories. Our argument is that while Gillette’s short movie and similar branding movies appeal to social responsibility and might open for new and more inclusive masculinities, it does, however, at the same time reproduce the patriarchal organization of masculinity in which power and privilege run from man to man and leave women and children as objects. Furthermore, the recoding of masculinity from toxicity to empathy is framed as an individual choice within neoliberal logics.
Færøsk politik – mellem gamle politiske traditioner og ny forvaltningspraksis
Authors: West Hallbera
Published: December 2020

Formelle diskussioner til trods, så fungerer det færøske politiske system de facto som et selvstændigt politisk system, der lovgiver, forvalter og tager beslutninger, der påvirker den enkelte færings liv og muligheder. Denne artikel præsenterer en analyse af det færøske politiske system og en introduktion af politiske tendenser. Det færøske politiske system er et eksempel på et parlamentarisk system med et flerpartisystem, men mens de politiske traditioner er veletablerede, så er forvaltningspraksis af nyere dato. Den politiske dagsorden de sidste mange år har været kendetegnet af politisk polarisering i forhold til fordelingsmæssige og værdipolitiske spørgsmål. Samtidig har der udviklet sig en form for sjælden tværpolitisk enighed i forhold til. Danmark, hvor der ønskes og stilles krav om større indflydelse på den fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik.
Nouveaux défis pour l’éthique en éducation à l’ère du numérique
Authors: Laflamme Diane
Published: December 2020

La notion de capacité et l’attestation de la visée éthique occupent une place centrale dans les écrits herméneutiques et phénoménologiques de Paul Ricoeur, qui définit la visée éthique comme la visée d’une vie accomplie, avec et pour les autres, et dans des institutions justes. Par ailleurs, les études empiriques en psychologie morale insistent plutôt sur la prééminence des processus intuitifs, des automatismes et des émotions dans la genèse du jugement moral. À l’ère du numérique, prendre acte de ces deux perspectives suscite de nouveaux défis pour l’éthique en éducation.
Approches historiographiques, transformations sociales et conflits sociaux dans les manuels d’histoire en Haïti
Authors: Ulysse Grégory
Published: December 2020

Cet article propose une analyse des conflits sociaux de la postindépendance dans les manuels d’histoire d’Haïti publiés depuis les années 1990. Cette période est en fait marquée par l’existence d’une double approche historiographique, proposant chacune une lecture des luttes sociales passées, ainsi que par des changements sociopolitiques (chute d’une dictature) et éducatifs (introduction d’une réforme éducative) survenus dans la société haïtienne. L’analyse proposée cherche à rendre compte des fondements épistémologiques et des enjeux éthiques liés à la construction du mode d’appréhension de la liberté proposé aux élèves à travers les manuels publiés depuis cette période. Nous montrons que le traitement des conflits sociaux à travers ces manuels participe d’une logique de légitimation des inégalités sociales (passées et présentes) en dissimulant l’idéal démocratique qui sous-tend la participation de certains groupes sociaux à des luttes sociales à travers l’histoire d’Haïti.
Hostility, Harassment, and Violence: On the Limits of ‘Free Speech’ for Minority Feminist Scholars
Authors: Bourgeois Robyn
Published: December 2020

Following the rich tradition of Indigenous and Black feminists and authors, this article makes use of storytelling to explore the limits of freedom of speech in the academy for feminist scholars belonging to socially marginalized groups and, particularly, Indigenous feminist scholars. Through autoethnography, I expose the ways that freedom of speech was been weaponized against me by people with power to silence and suppress my freedom of speech. Moreover, I draw attention to the ways this has been done to me in order to secure the freedom of speech of other dominant and powerful people. This paper concludes with some recommendations about disrupting this violence and better supporting feminist scholars from minority groups.
Addressing Sexual Violence at Ontario Universities in the Context of Rising Anti-Feminist Backlash
Authors: Colpitts Emily M.
Published: December 2020

In this paper, I argue that anti-feminist backlash at Canadian universities is fuelled by, and has a significant impact on, anti-violence efforts on campus and, in particular, whether and how they engage with male students and normative constructions of masculinity.
Snapping: Feminist Pedagogy and Navigating the “New” Right
Authors: Latimer Heather
Published: December 2020

This paper uses anecdotal and affect theory to think through the repercussions of feminist pedagogy while navigating the “new” right. It extends Sara Ahmed’s metaphors of the feminist snap and the feminist ear as pedagogical and epistemological tactics.
REMARKS ON CHEW-LOW EQUATIONS
Authors: CHANG TSUNG-SUI  ,   中国科学院数学研究所
Published: December 2020

This short paper investigates two aspects of Chew-Low equations. First, it is compared with the usual formal theory of scattering, for example, that developed by Moeller. In comparison, it is proved that the wave functions occuring in the two formalisms are identical, apart from a constant multiple which represents the scalar product of the wave functions of a bare nucleon and a dressed nucleon. Next, equations of Chew-Low type with two h functions both possessing discontinuities along real axis from 1 to ∞ and from -1 to -∞ are investigated. It is shown that for the solution to exist, certain conditions on the crossing symmetry must be satisfied and that in certain special cases where the above condition is satisfied, existence of solutions requires the presence in the equations for h of an infinite number of terms representing intermediate discrete states.
Analysis of COVID-19 spreading and prevention strategy in schools based on continuous infection model
Authors: Sun Hao-Chen , Liu Xiao-Fan , Xu Xiao-Ke , Wu Ye ,   School of Information and Telecommunication Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China,   Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong, Hongkong 999077, China,   Computational Communication Research Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China,   School of Journalism and Communication, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Published: December 2020

After the COVID-19 epidemic leveled off in China, many provinces have started to resume schooling. Long-term contact between students and teachers in such a closed environment in schooling can increase the possibility of the outbreak. Although the school closure can effectively alleviate the epidemic, large-scale students’ isolation not only causes social panic but also brings huge social and economic burden, so before the emergence of school epidemics, one should select and adopt more scientific prevention and control measures. In this study, according to the virus excretion of COVID-19 patients in the disease period, the infectious capacity of patients is redefined. After introducing it into the traditional suspected-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR) model, a continuous infection model that is more consistent with the actual transmission of COVID-19 patients is proposed. Secondly, the effective distance between students is calculated through real contact data. Based on the analysis of the effective distance, three types of isolation area prevention and control measures are proposed and compared with the recently proposed digital contact tracking prevention and control measures. Simulating the spread of COVID-19 in schools through real student contact data and continuous infection models, in order to compare the preventions and control effects of various prevention and control measures in the school epidemic situation, and evaluating the social influence of measures by accumulating the number of quarantines when prevention and control measures are adopted, we find that the COVID-19 can lead the cases to happen on a larger scale in the continuous infection model than in the traditional SEIR model, and the prevention and control measures verified in the continuous infection model are more convincing. Using digital contact tracking prevention and control measures in schools can achieve similar results to those in closed schools with the smallest number of quarantines. The research in this paper can help schools choose appropriate prevention and control measures, and the proposed continuous infection model can help researchers more accurately simulate the spread of COVID-19.
Constructions of iron atoms arrays based on DNA origami templates for cryptography applications
Authors: Fan Hong-Jian , Li Jiang , Wang Li-Hua , Fan Chun-Hai , Liu Hua-Jie ,   School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China,   Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China,   School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Published: December 2020

The fabrication of precise arrays of atoms is a key challenge at present. As a kind of biomacromolecule with strict base-pairing and programmable self-assembly ability, DNA is an idea material for directing atom positioning on predefined addresses. Here in this work, we propose the construction of iron atom arrays based on DNA origami templates and illustrate the potential applications in cryptography. First, ferrocene molecule is used as the carrier for iron atom since the cyclopentadienyl groups protect iron from being affected by the external environment. To characterize the iron atom arrays, streptavidins are labelled according to the ferrocene-modified DNA strand through biotin-streptavidin interactions. Based on atomic force microscopy scanning, ferrocene-modified single-stranded DNA sequences prove to be successfully immobilized on predefined positions on DNA origami templates with high yield. Importantly, the address information of iron atoms on origami is pre-embedded on the long scaffold, enabling the workload and cost to be lowered dramatically. In addition, the iron atom arrays can be used as the platform for constructing secure Braille-like patterns with encoded information. The origami assembly and pattern characterizations are defined as encryption process and readout process, respectively. The ciphertext can be finally decoded with the secure key. This method enables the theoretical key size of more than 700 bits to be realized. Encryption and decryption of plain text and a Chinese Tang poem prove the versatility and feasibility of this strategy.
Discrete data based local-to-global network reconstruction algorithm
Authors: Xu Xiang , Zhu Cheng , Zhu Xian-Qiang ,   Key Laboratory of Information Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Published: December 2020

The structure and the function of network interact with each other. The function of network is often reflected as the dynamic process on the network. The dynamic process on the network is reflected by the behavior data in the network. Therefore, it is possible to reconstruct the network structure according to the observed data. This paper aims to solve the problem of how to restore the network topology according to the observable discrete data on the network. In this paper, an algorithm to infer the possibility of edge connection between nodes is proposed by using the similarity degree of each node corresponding to each discrete datum, and by reconstructing each local topology of the network through multiple discrete data, and by superposing the local topology obtained from multiple data, the global topology of the whole network is reconstructed finally. The data in the network are generated by SIR (Susceptible Infective Removed) model with infection probability of 0.2 and recovery probability of 1. Each time, a single node is selected as the infected node, and the final infection state of the network is counted as a network datum. In order to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the algorithm, the network reconfiguration experiments are carried out in small world, scale-free and random networks. Through the network reconstruction experiments in the networks of three different types and different scales, we can see that the performances of network reconstruction algorithm in different types of networks are different, and the average degree of network will affect the requirements for data of the network reconstruction algorithm. In order to verify the applicability of the algorithm, network reconstruction experiments are carried out on three practical networks. The results show that the algorithm can be applied to the reconstruction of large-scale networks. In order to show the accuracy of the algorithm more intuitively, we analyze the network reconstruction error after each network reconstruction experiment. The experiment shows that with the gradual increase of network data, the network reconstruction error gradually decreases and finally approaches to 0. In a nutshell, the algorithm we proposed in this work has good applicability and accuracy, and is suitable for different types of network topology reconstructions.
Transcriptome profiling reveals Silibinin dose-dependent response network in non-small lung cancer cells
Authors: Kaipa Jagan Mohan , Starkuviene Vytaute , Erfle Holger , Eils Roland , Gladilin Evgeny
Published: December 2020

Silibinin (SIL), a natural flavonolignan from the milk thistle (Silybum marianum), is known to exhibit remarkable hepatoprotective, antineoplastic and EMT inhibiting effects in different cancer cells by targeting multiple molecular targets and pathways. However, the predominant majority of previous studies investigated effects of this phytocompound in a one particular cell line. Here, we carry out a systematic analysis of dose-dependent viability response to SIL in five non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines that gradually differ with respect to their intrinsic EMT stage. By correlating gene expression profiles of NSCLC cell lines with the pattern of their SIL IC50 response, a group of cell cycle, survival and stress responsive genes, including some prominent targets of STAT3 (BIRC5, FOXM1, BRCA1), was identified. The relevancy of these computationally selected genes to SIL viability response of NSCLC cells was confirmed by the transient knockdown test. In contrast to other EMT-inhibiting compounds, no correlation between the SIL IC50 and the intrinsic EMT stage of NSCLC cells was observed. Our experimental results show that SIL viability response of differently constituted NSCLC cells is linked to a subnetwork of tightly interconnected genes whose transcriptomic pattern can be used as a benchmark for assessment of individual SIL sensitivity instead of the conventional EMT signature. Insights gained in this study pave the way for optimization of customized adjuvant therapy of malignancies using Silibinin.
Impact of Front Line Demonstrations on Extent of Adoption and Horizontal Spread of Trellis Method of Cultivation in Tomato (Solanum lycopercicum Mill.) in Khammam District of Telangana
Authors: Chaitanya V. , Kumar J. Hemantha , Madhushekar B. R. , Rao P. Jagan Mohan , Ranjitha P. Sri , Kumar K. Ravi , Prasad Y. G.
Published: December 2020

The present study was conducted in Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Wyra adopted villages in Khammam District of Telangana. Tomato is an important vegetable crop in the district but the yields are not up to expectations due to poor quality, early decay, pests and disease incidence. An effort was made by KVK, Wyra to address the problem of reducing pests and disease incidence and improving the fruit quality by introduction of technology Trellis method of cultivation in tomato. This was tested on small scale for 3years with the help of On-farm trials with limited number of farmers. It was proved to be profitable hence this technology was up-scaled and disseminated on large scale with the help of front line demonstrations as the main thrust areas of KVKs are refinement and demonstration of novel technologies, training of farmers and extension functionaries. The front line demonstrations on trellising in tomato crop were conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Wyra, Khammam in its adopted villages from 2016-17 to 2018-19 with an objective of improving the yield and quality of tomato by adopting the technology trellising on tomato along with drip and mulching, use of indeterminate hybrid varieties, balanced use of fertilizers and integrated pest and disease management. Though trellising has been developed long back the knowledge and adoption rate was low with the tomato farmers of the district. The data from the study like cost of cultivation, production, productivity, gross returns and net returns were collected as per schedule and analyzed. The results from the study revealed that average highest yield recorded was 622.58 q/ha in demonstration plot compared to control plot yield 431.55 q/ha, an additional yield of 191.03 q/ha was recorded, 44.33 percent of average yield increase was recorded over control plot. The extension gap and technology gap enumerated from the study ranged from 183.45 q/ha to 201.80 q/ha and 11.40 to 41.25 q/ha respectively, with the technology index of 4.21 percent during the demonstration years. Besides this, the demonstrated plots gave higher gross return, net return with higher benefit cost ratio when compared to farmer’s practice. In present study efforts were also made to study the impact of FLD on horizontal spread which has increased by 160.36 percent. Further the study was undertaken to do a formative and summative (outcome and impact) evaluation of the frontline demonstrations on trellising in Tomato.
Comparative Study on the Nutritional and Antioxidant Components of Fruit Parts of Citrullus lanatus
Authors: Nnenne Stanley Kanayochukwu , Ubaoji Kingsley Ikechukwu , Ogbodo Uchechukwu Chibuzo , Enemor Victor Henry Azubuike , Oladejo Adebayo Afees
Published: December 2020

Aim: Citrullus lanatus is a fruit widely consumed for its pulp though incompletely, as its other parts (seed and rind) are discarded and may possibly offer bioactive compounds involved in ameliorating certain disease conditions. Hence, this study aimed at comparatively investigating the nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of the seed, pulp and rind of C. lanatus so as to inform the inclusion of these different parts into the fare of the people.

Methodology: Standard analytical methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists were used to determine proximate, phytochemical, vitamin, mineral and antioxidant aspects of the fruit parts. The results were analyzed using Student’s t-test at .05.

Results: The proximate analysis showed a high moisture value in the pulp (93.34 +/- .82) followed by the rind (77.11 +/- 3.44) and the seed (10.00 +/- .48). High crude protein and fiber contents were both noted in the seed followed by the rind and pulp. Mineral determinations revealed potassium to be abundant in the rind (452.31mg/kg) than the seed (305.7mg/kg) and the pulp (100.5mg/kg), followed by calcium occurring more in the rind (292.61mg/kg) than in the pulp (257.21mg/kg) and seed (227.45mg/kg) and then manganese being the least concentrated among the minerals. The investigated phytochemical principles revealed the highest concentration of cardiac glycosides in the seed (14.82 +/- .66) than the rind (1.95 +/- 0.80) and pulp (1.10 +/- 0.17), followed by saponins occurring most in the rind (12.05 +/- 3.91) than the seed (10.17 +/- 0.63) and pulp (.13 +/- .01). The seed had the highest DPPH scavenging activity followed by the rind and pulp respectively. The seed also showed a higher reducing power and lipid peroxidation capacities than the other fruit parts suggesting a potent property for antioxidant activity in the fruit parts of C. lanatus.

Conclusion: The findings imply that both seed and rind of C. lanatus can be good sources of nutritional, phytochemical and antioxidant components in addition to the pulp which is commonly consumed and these may be implicated in management of certain diseases with further evidential research.
Vasodilators, Enhancers of Prevention through Exercise of COVID-19?
Authors: Hagiu Bogdan- Alexandru
Published: December 2020

The role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and disease progression is complex, and the interaction with exercise is being investigated. However, the virus binds to ACE2. The paper hypothesizes that exceeding the lactic threshold during exercise would cause, through hypoxia, over expression of ACE2. Vasodilators would prevent hypoxia and implicitly this fact. To the complexity of the phenomenon is added the possibility of preventing severe forms of COVID-19 through mitochondrial biogenesis induced by exercise. As a result, the paper examines the ability of antihypertensives used in combination with exercise to treat cardiovascular disease to prevent ACE2 over expression and to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Future research is needed, but it is worth mentioning that some such hypertensives have been proposed for the treatment of COVID-19.
Prognostic significance of the preoperative systemic immune‐inflammation index in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative surgery and adjuvant therapy
Authors: Hung Sheng‐Ping , Chen Pei‐Rung , Ho Tsung‐Ying , Chang Kai‐Ping , Chou Wen‐Chi , Lee Ching‐Hsin , Wu Yao‐Yu , Chen Po‐Jui , Lin Chia‐Hsin , Chou Yung‐Chih , Fan Kang‐Hsing , Lin Chien‐Yu , Huang Bing‐Shen , Tung‐Chieh Chang Joseph , Wang Chun‐Chieh , Tsang Ngan‐Ming
Published: December 2020

Objectives

To investigate the prognostic value of the preoperative systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OC‐SCC) treated with curative surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with OC‐SCC who received surgery and postoperative adjuvant RT/CCRT between January 2005 and December 2012. Blood samples were drawn in the 2 weeks preceding surgery. SII was calculated by multiplying the absolute neutrophil and platelet counts, and then, divided by the absolute lymphocyte count, and its optimal cutoff value was identified using the Youden’s index. The study endpoints included overall survival (OS), local control (LC), regional control (RC), and distant control (DC).

Results

The study sample consisted of 993 patients (58.8% of them treated with CCRT). The optimal cutoff value for SII was 810.6. A total of 347 (34.9%) study participants had high preoperative SII values. After allowance for potential confounders in multivariable analysis, high SII values were independently associated with less favorable DC (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.683, p = 0.001) and OS (adjusted HR = 1.466, p < 0.001). No independent association between SII and LC/RC was observed.

Conclusion

Increased SII values predict poor DC and OS in patients with OC‐SCC treated with curative resection and adjuvant RT/CCRT. Owing to the higher risk of systemic failure in this patient group, a thorough follow‐up surveillance schedule may be advisable pending independent confirmation of our data.
Developmental relations between sense of community and well‐being among early adolescents: A latent change score modelling study
Authors: Prati Gabriele , Tomasetto Carlo , Cicognani Elvira
Published: December 2020

Previous research on sense of community (SOC) has predominantly assumed that this construct plays a role in predicting well‐being (WB). However, it is only recently that a bidirectional relationship between SOC and WB has been hypothesised and tested. Moreover, no study investigated the longitudinal relationships between psychological WB and SOC among early adolescents. The present research followed a sample of middle school students from six‐grade through nine‐grade to investigate the reciprocal relationships between SOC and WB. Participants were 576 Italian students. In the present article, we utilised latent change score modelling based on longitudinal data collected in three waves across 3 years. Using bivariate dual change score modelling, dynamic reciprocal relationships were observed between SOC and WB. The revealed bidirectional relationship between SOC and WB contribute to the extant literature by illuminating more nuanced interplays between these constructs among early adolescents.
Closed form solutions of convection‐diffusion mechanisms in two dimensions for H2 separation from (H2/CO2) mixture at room temperature
Authors: Mukherjee Joydeb , Bose Ankita , Pandit Aniruddha Bhalchandra , Das Nandini
Published: December 2020

Studies pertinent to the hydrogen based clean energy systems have seen a significant surge in this decade in order to meet the ever‐increasing demand for energy in an environmentally sustainable way. In order to harness hydrogen from available sources, development and characterization of zeolite membranes with high hydrogen selectivity is of pivotal importance. In this study, a sonication based hydrothermal technique is used for the synthesis of Deca‐Dodecasil‐rhombohedral (DDR) zeolite membrane. Permeation tests of single gas and mixture of gases were conducted by using an in‐house designed permeation cell. For the single gas permeation test, permeate flux was calculated using soap bubble flow meter under varying feed pressure (98‐392 kPa) at 303 K. For the mixed gas permeation test, separation selectivity was measured by using gas chromatography. A mathematical model was developed in order to predict the total volume flux of hydrogen. A simple, two‐dimensional parameter model was developed to simulate the steady state permeate flux, permeate and retentate streams, and the permeate concentrations for both H2 and CO2. Fourier transform was found to give the best prediction for the axial diffusion coefficient, as well as the concentration distribution of both the components, (H2 and CO2). A good agreement was found between the observed and the calculated values for total volumetric permeate flux .The deviation between experimentally obtained results with the predicted values based on the analytical model was found to be as low as ±7%, ensuring adequate reliability of the proposed analytical model.