bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Iteration and Functional Analysis in Numerical Calculation of Beams with Large Deformation
Authors: Yan Jing , Zeng Ya Wu , Gao Rui
Published: May 2011

For the research of beam’s deformation, material mechanics uses equation of small deflection curve which neglects 1storder derivative of deflection and regards bending moment M is merely a function of abscissa x, and then gets the approximate solution of vertical displacement. However in some case, small deflection curve isn’t efficacious, so two methods come up in this paper to solve the accurate differential equation of beam’s deformation. This paper takes a slightness beam from temperature controlling device as an example and shows detailed process of mathematical modeling and solving. For iteration, firstly governing equations are founded, then an initial value is put into it to work out a new value, next see the new value as a new initial value and calculate again, by doing the operation repeatedly steady-state solution will be got in the end. For functional analysis, deflection equation is assumed as a kind of function containing some undetermined coefficients, then make it satisfy all the boundary conditions, and establish residual fonctionelle, by partial derivative operation to make the fonctionelle minimum, undetermined coefficients are estimated and deflection curve is got. At the end, impacts of gravity and axial deformation are discussed.
Integration Research for Steel Shelf CAD/CAE Calculation and Analysis System
Authors: Chen Bing , Yin Zhong Jun , Yang Jing , Wang Cheng Ye
Published: May 2011

With the rapid development of computer technology, more and more finite element analysis software is applied to the field of structural analysis. However, for ordinary shelf designers, in a short time learn to use finite element analysis software are still some difficulties. Through mapping algorithm of node coordinates and programming using VB6.0 to achieve the second development on SAP84. This system has a friendly, convenient and easy to use interactive interface which for the rational design of the shelf provides a theoretical basis.
Accuracies of Finite Beam Element in Prediction of Inelastic Material Behaviors
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhai Chang Hai , Xie Li Li
Published: May 2011

This paper presents an evaluation of accuracies of a plastic hinge (PH) beam element and a spread plastic (SP) beam element for structural material nonlinear analysis. The cases of beam sectional material behavior under hardening and softening are investigated. The result shows that post-yielding response of member nodal force and deformation presented by the PH element is strongly influenced by the preset hinge length. The refined mesh of the SP element should be employed to obtain the accurate post-yielding response of member nodal force and deformation. The SP element fails to present consistent and rational evaluation of the post-yielding response of member nodal force and deformation in the case of section under softening. The two elements present consistent response of section force and deformation but different maximum curvatures.
Research on Optimizing Precast Water Head on Preloading Filling Spiral Case of a Large-Scale Hydropower Station
Authors: Wu Hai Lin , Qin Shi He , Li Yao , Du Xiao Fan
Published: May 2011

In combination with the practice of a pumped storage hydropower station, a 3-D nonlinear finite element method on the preloading filling spiral case is carried out to compare and analyze stresses of the steel spiral case and hoop reinforcement, the stress and bearing ratio of the surrounding concrete, the contact state between the spiral case and concrete in different precast water head. The results indicate that the stress of the surrounding concrete will get better with the increasing of precast water head. But there is a distance between the spiral case and the surrounding concrete when the water head is excessive, which is unhelpful for operating of the unit. When the precast water head of the spiral case is 439m or so, it can play a greater degree of mechanical characteristics of steel and concrete under the premise of operating stably of the unit.
The FEM Analysis and Optimization Design of Main Beam of Horizontal Directional Drilling
Authors: Han Ze Guang , Min Hu , Hao Rui Qin
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the main beam, which is one of the critical components of Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) GD2800-L, is selected as a subject investigated. The geometric model of HDD is firstly established, its static and buckling analysis are also taken to get the stress and deflection distribution, buckling mode and critical load by the ANSYS. Acquired results show that the working condition of main beam is mainly decided by HDD penetrating angle and the most dangerous working condition is its working at maximum penetrating angle. In order to decrease weight of main beam, its optimization design has been further completed, and 13 percent of main beam weight is reduced, but stress and deflection distribution increase slightly within bounds. The methods can greatly improve design efficiency and reduce steel plate consumption and product manufacturing cost.
Analysis and Research of Wind Environment of Energy Saving Buildings
Authors: Feng Qian
Published: May 2011

Building Energy Efficiency is one of the most important goals for green architectural design. Natural ventilation is a building energy efficiency technique adapting to the environment. Compared with air conditioning, natural ventilation can reduce the energy consumption and bring new air to indoor space. However, air environment, as an important aspect of building optimal design, can be ignored easily in traditional research, the quantitative analysis aiming at the energy efficiency of natural ventilation is less. In this paper, we use Fluent Air-pak software and Wenyuan Building of TongJi University as an example, to analyze the air flow field of indoor natural ventilation and provide the method and theory of air-environment design.
Application of Folded Plate Structure with Flat Truss in Long-Span Steel Roof Structure
Authors: Cui Can , Sun Wen Bo
Published: May 2011

Folded plate structure with flat truss is applied in the roof steel structure of the natatorium in Huai’an sports center. In this paper, mechanical analysis on loading case and dynamic characteristics of the roof steel structure is accomplished. Overall stability analysis is also completed by FEM software STRAND7. Analysis results indicate the scheme is in accordance with safety and aesthetic is appropriately designed, which could figure out that bearing capacity and seismic performance of the folded plate structure are satisfactory.
Research on the Social Discount Rate for the Whole Life Cycle Engineering Cost Management
Authors: Han Xiao Dong , Luo Ting
Published: May 2011

The Whole Life Cycle Engineering Costing Management is an effective method to minimize the cost of an engineering project for the whole life, including the construction period, the operation period and the removal period. In this paper, we divided the Engineering Cost into three parts of labor costs, material costs and machinery costs. We have built a River-influx Model to calculate the social discount rate for the future, based on historical data and using MATLAB software to fit curves. We can then calculate the whole Life Cycle Engineering Cost for the future.
Estimation of Construction Waste Generation and Management in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Rong Yau , Yeh Li Hsu , Chen Hao Hsien , Lin Jyh Dong , Chen Ping Fu , Sung Po Hsun , Yau Jyh Tyng
Published: May 2011

This study examines construction waste generation and management in Taiwan. We verify the factors probable affecting the output of construction wastes by using data for the output of declared construction wastes produced from demolition projects in Taiwan in the last year, expert interviews, and research achievements in the past, and find “ on-site separation” is the factor with effects on the output of construction wastes via cross-correlation by algorithms such as K-Means and Decision Tree C5.0. It can be seen that the output (0.092(t/M3) with on-site separation or 0.329(t/M3) without on-site separation is highly correlated with the composition ratio of construction wastes and referred to as a valid conclusion.
Ontology-Based Interorganizational Knowledge Management in Sustainable Construction Project
Authors: Wang Guang Bin , He Gui You , Bian Li
Published: May 2011

Due to the great negative impact, the construction industry needs to undergo a paradigm shift from traditional construction to sustainable construction. To reach the goal of sustainable development, the construction industry needs to intensify its efforts to move to a knowledge intensive mode. Based on the analysis of e-Cognos and the concept of ontology, this paper proposes that e-Cognos ontology can be applied in the development of sustainable construction process ontology, which is a key part of knowledge management system (KMS). Following this, the application process of ontology-based KMS is analyzed using IDEF0 modeling method. Finally, this paper analyzes interorganizational collaboration model in sustainable project.
Construction Claims Management of Civil Engineering
Authors: Yang Song Sen , Xu Jing
Published: May 2011

Construction claims are contractor's legitimate rights from contract. And it is also the legal means to maintain economic interests. The quality of claim reports comprehensively shows the level of claim management. This paper expounds the constituents of claim reports and their correlations. Calculations for financial claims and time claims are mainly analyzed and skills of making claim reports is analyzes too. This paper provides reference to claims management personnel.
Evaluation of Team Learning in Expressway Projects
Authors: Zhang Fei Lian , Han Wei Wei , Chen Yun
Published: May 2011

Four factors which are connected with effectiveness of team learning were defined, and they were motivation of knowledge learning, ability of knowledge transfer and sharing, methods of knowledge learning and system of knowledge learning respectively. Evaluation model of team learning in expressway project was established. Based on this model, weights and values of each secondary level index were determined with Delphi method. Using the weighted average method, evaluation values of four first level indexes were calculated, which were drawn in radar chart. In order to seek the worst result, radar chart should be adjusted, and final evaluation result of knowledge learning was ascertained by calculating the minimum area of polygon. Taking YR expressway project as an example for positive analysis, evaluation and result analysis of team learning was carried out.
Bidding Evaluation of Construction Engineering Using Extend Data Envelopment Analysis Method
Authors: Shuang Qing , Yuan Yong Bo , Shuang Kai
Published: May 2011

Bidding evaluation is a complex but important decision making process for buyer to ensure the project accomplish smoothly. Bidding evaluation has 1) separation in commercial and technical tender; 2) subjectivity in weights allocation. In order to solve the problems, this paper sought to build a new bidding evaluation model with an indicator system, based on Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was introduced to assess the rank. With an alternative secondary function, the model extended the application of DEA cross-efficiency method. Experiment with a practical engineering showed the new model yield stable bidding scores and demonstrated its applicability.
The Research of Technical System about Safety Management during the Construction of the Beijing Subway Line 10
Authors: Zhang Ai Jun , Bai Ming Zhou , Xu Zhao Yi , Wang Peng Cheng
Published: May 2011

Aiming at the safety management of the Beijing subway line 10 in the construction, the technical system research of safety management in the underground railway engineering construction were discussed including the objective management of safe production, field safety standards, the founding method for safety management system. The contents of responsibility system for safe production and the contents of safe-education and safe-inspection for workers were also studied. Safety precautions and Safe checkage standards were established during the railway’s tunnel construction.
Practice and Exploration on the Training Mode of Architectural Engineering Technology Professional
Authors: Dong Ping , Zhang Zhi Qiang , Fang Rong
Published: May 2011

Based on practical engineering, a training model that integrates the courses of engineering, and completes the whole process of project bidding by using all-dimensional simulation of engineering, can effectively bring learning actives closer to practical work, enhancing the cultivation of students’ professional and practical skills. When practical skill is promoted in teaching activities, the training model of professionals in architectural engineering is accordingly optimized, producing students that are better qualified for construction and management positions in future, and are competitive in job market and easier to adapt to theirs jobs.
Analysis on Harmonious Relations Between Development Strategies of Real Estate and Urbanization
Authors: Meng De Guang , Xu Shu Yuan , Zhu Tian Zhi , Wang Peng Fei
Published: May 2011

The implementation of urbanization strategies to speed up the urbanization is not only a historical process in realizing the modernization in China but also the key to solving the present and future problems in the economic and social developments. Meanwhile, the real estate industry is developing rapidly with the quickening pace of urbanization, By studying the existing problems and strategies in the real estate industry of Qinhuangdao, this paper points out the related measures to solve the problems in the harmonious developments of the real estate industry and urbanization, which is very important in the management of real estate industry.
Research of Children's Activity Space Design Based on CPTED
Authors: Wu Shan Shan
Published: May 2011

Designing out Crime is an increasingly fashionable crime prevention approach. This paper discusses the concept of crime prevention through environmental design, and how such ideas can be utilized in relation to children's activity space. Based on the children’s requirement of safety, this study analyzes the residential areas, shopping mall, schools and parks where children have frequent outdoor activities, and give some suggestion about activity space design to reduce crime to children.
Study on the Sandstone Weathering Sensitivity Caused by the Changes of Temperature and Humidity
Authors: Wei Jiu Ping , Zhu Bao Long
Published: May 2011

The nearby reservoir water impounding causes the water level rise of Minjiang River where Leshan Giant Buddha locate at. It may affects the microclimate of the Buddha area, and the possible microclimate changes mainly include the temperature and rainfall, for the reason of protecting the long-term stability of the cultural relics, it is necessary to assess the rock weathering sensitivity of the Leshan Giant Buddha sandstone because of these changes. Via the indoor temperature cycling test, humidity cycling test and humiture cycling test, the stone samples’ elastic wave velocity and mass are determined in different condition of temperature and humidity. And the influence to the Buddha stone weathering caused by the changes of temperature and humidity is analyzed.
Research on the Sustainable Developing Construction Space Design of Primary and Secondary Schools
Authors: Li Shu Ting , Zhou Kun , Li Zhi Min
Published: May 2011

At present in China the majority of primary and secondary schools teaching space takes “the long corridor connecting fixed ordinary classroom” as a characteristic, it cannot meet the need of education reform for all -around development in the 21st century. This article firstly introduced overseas spatial constitution pattern with “main street series connecting functional units” in education development advanced area , then analyzed and elaborated that the spatial constitution pattern have certain superiority, either in saving the construction land, or in adaptation emerging teaching method and satisfying the needs of teaching activities. It is significant for primary and secondary schools construction in China to learn from this spatial constitution pattern.
Study on the Architectural Heritage Value from the View of Cultural Economics
Authors: Liu Min , Aoki Nobuo , Xu Su Bin
Published: May 2011

At present, in terms of the architectural heritage protection, the rapid development of Chinese economics and the accelerating urbanization process have caused a great deal of "constructive destructions" to the architectural heritage and have accelerated its demise. In order to change the situation and to deepen the people's understanding to the value of the architectural heritage, the paper will make further analysis and research on the culture value and economics value from the view of cultural economics and then give the architectural heritage the third-largest value -- social value. The ultimate goal is to establish the architectural heritage value system so as to promote the protection and the sustainable development of the architectural heritage.
Psychological Analysis of Hui Merchants’ Humanistic Complex Reflected by Huizhou Houses
Authors: Zhang Xun
Published: May 2011

As a traditional symbol of cultural geography full of humanistic charm, Huizhou architecture has a long history with strong humanistic complex. Through psychological analysis of Hui merchants, this paper expounds the formation of Huizhou architecture and Hui merchants’ psychology embodied by the existing ancient village houses.
Flexibility and Adaptability, Minute Integration-Study on the Design of the Dwelling with Small and Medium Size Residential Units
Authors: Li Li , Hao Yun Hong , Gao Xu
Published: May 2011

The space design of small and medium size residential units is been as research subjects in this paper, through analyzing the design method of small and medium size residential units from the view of residential space design adaptability, and analyzing living lifestyle of the main residence in small and medium size residential units, this paper summed up the principles of space ambiguity, indoor environment comfortable, personalized living space and complete public facilities of small and medium size residential units design, and proposed the flexibility and adaptability, minute integration space design methods of small and medium size residential units.
The Seismic Behavior Analysis of the Light-Duty Steel Structure Residence System
Authors: Xu Bin , Yao Yong , Deng Yong Jun , Chen Yue , Chen Dai Guo
Published: May 2011

The light-duty steel structure residential demonstration project is analyzed by mode-superposition response spectrum method, the elastic and elastic-plastic time-history analysis, push-over analysis, which used the finite element software ETABS and PKPM. The safety is assessed. The seismic behavior of this structural system is analyzed under different site classification, design characteristic and seismic intensity, and is compared with the ordinary steel structure, concrete structure, masonry structure. The results show that, this structural system can meet the current codes under frequent and rare earthquake action. But the column has a surplus stable stress values. And it is suitable for application in large areas in China. In high intensity areas and compared with the different structure system, it shows that the lateral has the main effect on this structure.
The Traditional Elements and Modern Architectural Design
Authors: Luo Yu
Published: May 2011

Architecture is not only functional, economic, and technical and other physical characteristics, but also closely related to human behaviors. Therefore, it also has originality, visual aesthetics and function to beautify the living characteristics. To keep interest in the exterior, with a strong modern style of "purity, geometry and sculptural architecture", should not be the best way. It is worth to integrate the traditional elements, symbols, with modern forms and ideas together to form the environmental and architectural modes with the cultural heritage and modern atmosphere, and their cultural patterns. To create an architectural culture in modern buildings that could keep the traditional cultural spirit and sustainable development may be our target to continually pursue.
Study on Jinan Heihu Spring Soundscape
Authors: Wang Ya Ping , Tao Yuan Yuan , Cheng Zhi Hong
Published: May 2011

Human activity has changed city physical and cultural environments, formed the different soundscape which could take unique identifier for each city. Jinan is famous for the springs. Taking Heihu spring as an example, the paper studied Jinan spring soundscape. Heihu spring soundscape includes spring water natural sound and social sound of people taking the spring water. The paper takes the combination method of subjective and objective as the study method. Using acoustic instruments, the objective physical properties of the Heihu spring sound were recorded and analyzed. At the same time, by collecting and analyzing a large number of questionnaires, the subjective evaluation was concluded. The paper provides reference for the study on soundscape of city.
Research on the Guidance for Traditional Village Protection and Development Based on Functionalism Perspective
Authors: Song Shao Hang , Huang Chu Dong , Zhu Xiao Qing
Published: May 2011

Function is the basic attribute of villages and the buildings, and is also the basic guidance for the protection and development. The functions have become multi-dimensional and complex as era changes, and the changes of functions inevitably result in the initiative adaptation and the adjustment of buildings and the environment space. It is an original perspective for the research on the interactions between the functions and spaces of traditional villages, also for the analysis on the development of traditional villages, to explain the social and cultural phenomena on the aspects of space introducing the method of functionalism. In this paper, the important buildings and the environment spaces are divided into four types, taking a case study in a traditional village in the south of Zhejiang Province in China. This paper puts forward the basic guidance that village protection and development must be combined with the functions of living, environment, tourism and historical culture and meets the multi-demands of the tourists by improving the human habitation quality, protecting the traditional scenes and integrating the historical cultures and landscape spatial structure.
Building a Commonsense Knowledge Model of Activities in Urban Plaza with the Spreading Activation Theory
Authors: Chen Chiung Hui
Published: May 2011

The objective of this paper is to develop commonsense knowledge modeling and reasoning for ambient intelligence. Urban plaza activity is set to be the theme in this paper. By collecting various activities and events of human beings in urban plaza, dependencies are further analyzed. In this research, the commonsense knowledge model of activities in urban leisure space is called “SmartCypin”. This paper presents a semantic network of commonsense knowledge that is useful in capturing human experience in ambient intelligence environments.
Strategies for City Ecosystem Restoration Based on Theories of Urban Plan
Authors: Guo Hai Bo , Zhang Ling Ling , Fan Xin Yu
Published: May 2011

The mainstream methods of city ecosystem restoration whose subjects are primarily the factors from nature ecosystem are lack of the analysis to those factors from society ecosystem and economy ecosystem. The authors study this research by the methods of calculating the relevant datum and comparative analysis; introduce urban plan rationales into city ecosystem restoration, and put forward three strategies: First, the authors investigate the coupling relationship between the city spatial pattern and society ecosystem by “Space Growth Curve ” and clarify how to rehabilitate the society ecosystem by adjusting the city spatial pattern; Second, the authors establish the three-level city landscape structure by “GIS Landscape Planning” and unify the management of nature ecosystem by landscape planning; At last, in order to optimize the city economy ecosystem, the authors contrive the city industry distribution by “SWOT”. In responds to this situation, introducing technologies of urban plan into city ecosystem restoration may open up a new orientation to provide the systematic management. Furthermore, some methods which apply to unitary factor can be integrated organically as a chain.
The Classic Essence of Landscape City - Re-Discuss the "Philosophy of Landscape City"
Authors: Ye Ping , Zhang Fang Fang , Wang Duo
Published: May 2011

After human beings entered modern industrial society, because of the urban population explosion, housing shortage and environment pollution, urban residential environment depredated. Humanity encountered an unprecedented environmental crisis and challenge. The city is mankind’ the space of the greatest social inhabit and the biggest cultural carrier. This article discusses that the “Landscape City” is the philosophy cultural orientation of Chinese urban development, from a macro perspective of natural environmental crisis and civilized society development.
Urban Structure Design Strategy of Energy Conservation
Authors: Fan Li Ya , Li Yan , Wang Xue Qiang
Published: May 2011

Energy crisis is the major problem that we are facing today. Energy conservation is imminent. In accordance with the idea of asking, analyzing and solving questions, this paper discussed the relationship between urban structure and energy, urban development and energy characteristics of new era, from the perspective of urban design. We proposed several strategies about urban structure design and hope to play on certain references in the practical application.
The Research on Theme Park Planning of Mountainous City Based on Natural Factor
Authors: Xu Yu Hui , Luo De Cheng , Lv Yan Ke
Published: May 2011

Natural factor is that various factors as the ridges, valleys, plateaus, ravines formed by the nature force and can be abstracted as plane figure in topography. It is an important factor to control the spatial form of the mountain theme park when located in the mountainous city. By extracting, integrating and carding the natural factors and contacting with the Micro design methods of application of natural factors under the goal-oriented of Planning Concept, this paper Propose to overall plan from overall layout and form structure, furthermore, a methodology is put forward from landscape system and mountain features.
The Planning Research of Street Space for Fringe Residential Areas in Main city of Guiyang - Based on the Concept of "Place Theory"
Authors: Xu Yu Hui , Wang Qiu Fen
Published: May 2011

Several issues of fringe residential area street space in main city of Guiyang raised during the constuction process have come into notice.An obvious one is that the status of fringe residential area street space hasn’t met the residents’life and physical needs, resulting in the loss of vigor and vitality of fringe residential area street space. Therefore, this paper proposes a new planning which bases on the concept of place theory,meeting the diverse needs of residents in daily life,considering the elements of street space for fringe residential area.The elements will be devided into the shapes, psychological needs and cultural connotations.
Time History Analysis of Seismic Response of Novel Core-Tube Vibration-Reduction Suspended Structures
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Ji Wen , Tu Yong Ming
Published: May 2011

A novel building structure system, namely core-tube vibration-reduction suspended structure (CVRSS), is put forward in this paper. The basic composition and calculation model for the structure system are described. The El Centro and Taft seismic waves are used to calculate the dynamic characteristics of the structure in the time domain, of which dynamic responses are proved satisfactory. Taking the top floor displacement of the primary structure and the relative displacement between bottom layer of suspended segments and top floor of core-tube as objective function, the finite element model is established, and comparative analysis with common core-tube suspended structures (CCSS) is performed. The results show that the top floor displacement of CVRSS is about 70% of that of CCSS, and the vibration-reduction performance of CVRSS is excellent.
Deduction and Demonstration of an Urban Planning Model Based on “CAS” Theory
Authors: Guo Hui , Zhao Wan Min
Published: May 2011

“The city can be regarded as a complex system based on CAS theory. The study has extracted five characteristic elements of CAS theory, i.e. concentration, identification, nonlinearity, stream and diversity, and concluded three parameters of “preference”(P), “input” (threshold) (I) and “total associated cost” (T) through analogical deduction, having constructed a self-adaptive urban planning model based on CAS theory and demonstrated issues on “scale and configuration” of a city.
Research on the Protection and Renewal of Historical and Cultural Cities Based on Cultural Geography
Authors: Zhou Tong
Published: May 2011

As a result of its deep historical and cultural connotation, the research on historical and cultural cities has become a diverse academic filed. But the integrated systematic theory of the protection and renewal of historical and cultural cities is still under construction. We state the protection and renewal of historical and cultural cities based on Culture Geography. Some physical and spiritual problems and conflicts of the protection of historical and cultural cities have been tried to be solved based on the framework of culture geography. From the perspective of culture geography, cultural landscape and cultural ecology of historical and cultural cities have been analyzed and revealed. The new viewpoint addressed on the theory of the protection and renewal of historical and cultural cities is excepting to be approved.
The Study on Low-Carbon Urban Ecological Planning
Authors: Li Yan
Published: May 2011

The low-carbon planning of towns should build up the low-carbon ecology as its compilation concept, emphasize the concept of low-carbon economic system and urban low-carbon planning, and explain the planning strategy from town planning, overall planning, controlled planning with details, the design guide of downtown and the schemes of important projects etc.. The town planning emphasizes the technology applications of the industry system of low-carbon economic park, low-carbon energy system, low-carbon traffic system, low-carbon logistics system and carbon sink system etc.. The overall planning pays more attention to the design of low-carbon economic system, the grasp of whole form of low-carbon economic park, the using form and layout of the area, the plan and design of road system. The controlled planning with details and the design guide of downtown emphasize the technology application of planning design of reducing carbon emission, the study of living mode of low-carbon city, the planning of living community and technology study of the design of low-carbon compilation. The purpose of it is building up the planning mode of low-carbon ecological town.
Probe into "Green Distance" - One of the Methods on Optimizing Contemporary Urban Human Settlement
Authors: Zhao Wan Min , Wei Xiao Fang
Published: May 2011

Urban green space is an important part of the urban ecosystem. There are some problems exist in the modern city such as green space gross inadequacy, maldistribution, low quality, and so on. Traditional measure methods of urban green space always fetch by the minority because of data acquisition difficulties and strongly professional. And most of them are representing the quantity, but the distribution. We proposed a concept of “Green Distance", and compared it to the traditional measure methods, pointed out the way of realization the livable “Green Distance", and how to using “Green Distance" to guide the planning, construction and management, and to improve the city"s environment and people"s life quality at last.
Discussing the Ideas of Existing Renovation of Parks in the City under the Demand of Disaster Prevention and Reduction
Authors: Ren Jun
Published: May 2011

The increasing expansion of the city’s size led to the city’s capacity of disaster prevention and reduction lags far behind economic development capability. By analyzing the current status of major parks in urban area of Zhengzhou, combined with the ideas of park planning and design about disaster prevention, under the guidance of city disaster prevention science, urban planning and landscape design, and other related theories, to discuss the existing renovation of parks in the city and utilizing methods under the demand of disaster prevention and reduction.
Research on Management and Compilation of Regulatory Detailed Planning Based on the Background of Democratization and Legalization
Authors: Wu Si Biao , Tang Xiao Hua , Wang Chun
Published: May 2011

The promulgation and implementation of "Urban and Rural Planning Law" has a great legal significance to regulatory detailed planning.However, limitations on compilation and management of regulatory detailed planning in China are not commensurate with its legal status. Summarizing the problem existing in the process of compilation and management of regulatory detailed planning, this paper discusses the management mechanism and compilation of regulatory detailed planning in terms of its upper planning, compilation system, and technology application based on the scientificity and feasibility.
Ecological Developing Methods of Spatial Pattern of Water-Network Small Towns in Southern Area of Yangtze River
Authors: Huang Yao Zhi , Li Qing Yu
Published: May 2011

The natural characteristics with dense water network and co-existent land and water determine the leading role of water network in natural ecological environment of this region. But with the development of economy, construction land for small towns in water-network region in Southern Area of Yangtze River is increasing obviously and ecological environmental problem is becoming prominent gradually. Research on strategies to guide healthy development of small towns’ space from the layer of their spatial pattern can solve the contradiction between spatial development of water-network small towns and space Protection of natural ecology and regulate the reasonable expansion of natural ecological environment and town space in water-network region.
Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Cold-Formed Square Tube Beam-Column Connection with Welded Haunch
Authors: Li Zheng Liang , Zhang Chun Tao , Wang Ru Heng
Published: May 2011

The cold-formed thin-walled tube has been widely applied in high seismic fortification intensity region and post-seismic reconstruction area because of light quality, high strength and small deformation. But the connection mode and mechanical properties of beam-column connections still need further study. According to the "strong column and weak beam" seismic design principle and the thinking of control the position of plastic hinge, adding haunch slabs at the end of beam to reduce the number of repeated welding and avoid brittle fracture. Through the low cyclic loading experiment, four beam-column connections with welded haunch under different axial compression ratios have been studied, and connection’s hysteretic performance, energy-dissipating capacity, bearing capacity, rigidity and failure mode have been discussed. The result shows that: 1) the ultimate bearing capacity of connection with welded haunch is much great, and the energy dissipation capacity is very well, which can make this connection to absorb and consume great energy in earthquake. This connection can meet the need of seismic design very well. 2) The connection with welded haunch experiences much cycling time, has long yield platform after yield, has great cumulative energy-dissipating capacity and well ductility. 3) the final destruction of connection with welded haunch is caused by the beam’s local buckling. And the yield surface is almost located at the outside of connections. 4) The axial compression ratios has great effect on the hysteretic performance, bearing capacity and stiffness degradation for the connection with welded haunch.
The Research of Renewal Strategy of Public Space Environment in Muslim Architectural Heritage - Case Study of DA XUEXI District in Xi'an
Authors: Li Yu , Zhao Xue Liang , Wang Qi
Published: May 2011

The Muslim architectural heritage has outstanding historical, artistic value, because of the character and integrity of architectural form, unique cultural landscape in Muslim neighborhood. As the extension of "architectural heritage" concept, the public space in Muslim community is very important tie which contact various architectural heritage together. It also acts as adhesives between single building and whole history block, prompting the formation of the whole block structure characteristics from "point" to "face", thus play an important urban functions in the city. The paper analysis the Complexity and contradiction of public space environment update in Muslim community, it select DA XUEXI district as the research case, and actively explore the idea of renovation, protection in Muslim community. On the basis of investigation, the article analysis the update working ways and methods of the public space planning in Muslim community, and point out the shortcomings of the current research and development direction in the future.
Landscape Analysis of Typical Yao-Dong Villages on Gentle Gully Slope in Semi-Arid Loess Plateau - Case Study of Shi-Jia-Gou Village in Fen-Xi County Shan-Xi Province
Authors: Wang Qi , Wang Fei , Dang Qun
Published: May 2011

The climate of most loess plateau gully area is continental monsoon climate. It is hot , dry, sometimes rain-storm in summer, and cold, windy, occasionally snow in winter. The summer and the winter are much longer than the spring and the autumn. The land is bared, so the rain water cut it into gullies in the last five hundred years, so most villages are located in the gully slope, and the most houses are Yao-dongs covered with loess or extended into the loess hills. The brick arches snap at the bared hills in different height, and this is the distinctive scenes which are named ecological Yao-dong villages’ scenes in loess plateau. In this article, we will analyze and study several typical traditional gully slope Yao-dong villages from landscape architecture’s angle such as Shi-jia-gou village in Fen-xi county Shan-xi province, abstract her scene element and ecological genes, make the local environment changing better and more beautiful, make the gully slope Yao-dong villages developing sustainable.
From Accrete with Nature to Mutual Benefit - The Planning and Landscape Design of Dayuanhe Reservoir
Authors: Wang Xue Qiang , Fan Li Ya , Long Chun Ying
Published: May 2011

Research the landscape planning and design of Dayuanhe reservoir, from the perspective accreting with nature and mutual benefit. Analyze the elements and composition of landscape planning; propose the integrated management and development proposals for Dayuanhe reservoir in order to make it have a development with ecological, culture and beauty.
Comparison of Initial and Improved Hertz-Damp Model for Structural Pounding Simulation
Authors: Yang Yong Qiang , Xie Li Li
Published: May 2011

In order to compare the initial and improved Hertz-damp model, the dynamic equations of collision system were established based on Hertz-damp model and mode superposition method. Hertz-damp model can account for the influence of the nonlinear contact stiffness as well as the energy loss during structural pounding. The results analysis show that the initial model have the same simulation results with the improved model initial model when the restitution coefficient or the contact stiffness large enough. For typical concrete structural pounding, the initial model is available.
Stress Analysis of Axial Compression Steel Reinforced Concrete Column under High-Temperature Fire
Authors: Zheng Shan Suo , Tao Qing Lin , Zhang Hong Ren , Wang Bin
Published: May 2011

Based on the fact that building material strength degeneration rules in domestic and overseas are different under the high-temperature fire, with the program ANSYS, the temperature stress distribution of cross-section is obtained and the two results are compared according to stress analysis of numerical simulation on the axial compression steel reinforced concrete column (ACSRCC) under high-temperature fire. Based on the conversion principle of different materials stress and the superposition principle, the numerical calculation method on cross-section stress of ACSRCC under high-temperature fire is proposed, and the calculated results agree with simulation data well. The influences of the concrete coverage thickness and other factors on ACSRCC mechanical properties under high-temperature fire are also discussed in the paper.
The Radioactivity Levels and Safety Assessment of Building Materials in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Lu Jian , Yang Hao , Zhang Ming Li
Published: May 2011

In order to invetigate the natural radioactivity levels of typical building materials in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province,China, the specific activities of natural radionuclides (226Ra,232Th and40K) in samples of building materials were measured by ORTEC HPGe gamma ray spectrometer. And the radium equivalent activity, the internal and external exposure index, and relative annual effective dose equivalents were also claculated. The average concentrations of all the samples ranged from 64 to 318.79 Bq·kg-1, 11.35 to 144.83 Bq·kg-1and 92.57 to 951.68 Bq·kg-1for226Ra,232Th and40K, respectively. Their average values were in the ranges: 0.33-1.50 for the internal exposure index (Ira); 0.29-1.51 for the external exposure index (Ir); 0.34-1.74 mSv·a-1 for HEextand 0.36-1.76 mSv·a-1for HEint. The average radium equivalent activity varied from 106.49 to 541.77 Bq·kg-1. According to the standard, most samples were in a lower radioactivity level expect a few of artificial tiles. But, we must perfect detection and management system of many materials to ensure radiation safety and physical health.
Urban Agriculture as Low-Carbon Strategy for Cities
Authors: Zhao Ji Long , Liu Chang An , Zhang Yu Kun
Published: May 2011

Integrating agriculture into urban environment and architectural space, which connects with production, life and ecological systems, will be an integrative strategy for low-carbon city and architecture. This acts as an alternative and even better which amends some missing links of the existing low-carbon strategy. This essay analyzes the necessity and possibility of developing urban agriculture for low-carbon cities and explores low-carbon architectural project, so as to discuss further in the possibility of integrating urban agriculture into cities and buildings.
Study on the Systems Theory of Building Energy Efficiency
Authors: Yu Xiao Ping , Fu Xiang Zhao
Published: May 2011

Energy efficiency in buildings is a worldwide problem, especially in China, it is under developed and begins very late, so research on energy efficiency theory in buildings is a pressed problem. In this paper, a new understanding for BEEis put forward and the character of the social activity is emphasized with building energy consumption process. The new definition embodies the systematic characters of subject, object, and sense of principle and target of BEE technology and practice, which is useful to establish the foundation of the systems theory of knowledge. This paper also inquires into the problems and straits around to BEE. In order to improve the energy efficiency theory, to produce more suitable environment of human settlements as well, we should establish the systems theory, human and culture view, technology theory and regional view. To accelerate the process of research and development of energy efficiency in buildings in China, this paper conducted a theoretical research with the building environment, energy utilization and human development. The key to establish firmly building theory of energy efficiency is how to exploit the local natural conditions and stick to the requirements for the harmony of human being with environment; this paper sets up the preliminary system frame in the end.
The Air-Conditioning Rtilization of Natural Cold Resource of Lakes and Reservoirs
Authors: Ma Li , Li Yuan Yuan
Published: May 2011

In the reservoir water temperature conducted annual test, test data shows that water temperature perennial remain in 9 ~ 10 in certain depth below. Reservoirs and lakes are huge natural cold source. In an air conditioning engineering, the reservoir cold water was directly used as cooling source. The air conditioning effect is good and to gets good energy-saving and environmental benefits. It suggests that solar energy, natural ventilation and natural cold and heat storage in water should be widely used in the western tourist architecture in order to achieve low carbon tourism.
Development and Validation of a Numerical Model of Fouling within Spiral-Grooved Tubes
Authors: Yu Dan , Chen Yong Chang , Ma Chong Fang
Published: May 2011

Fouling of heat transfer surfaces causes serious technical and economic problems in industry. A CFD based model is proposed for predicting fouling process in spiral-grooved tubes. This model considered both crystallization at heat transfer surface and deposition of crystal forming in the stream. The precision of this model was validated using experiment date. It was proved that the model developed in this work can predict fouling process in spiral-grooved tubes well.
Model Experimental Study on Damage Identification for Transmission Tower
Authors: Zhou Ling , Cheng Hua , Wang Zhong Gang , Lei Yun Bo
Published: May 2011

The analytical signal for time-frequency analysis is obtained by Hilbert transform from free vibration response under suddenly unloading. Mathematical deduction of Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD) auto-terms reveals the function relation between WVD auto-terms and modal parameters. A new method based on the amplitude curvature of WVD auto-terms (WAC) is then forwarded for damage identification of transmission tower. An elastic model of transmission tower with 1/35 scale and 5.2 m height has been designed and manufactured to verify the proposed method, the model has been tested in the laboratory for acceleration response under suddenly unloading, and essential dynamic characteristics of the scale model is also compared with that of its prototype tower. The damage identification test of the model is then carried out. Totally three cases, related with chord rod weakening, flank rods failures, different damage degree and position, are tested to testify the proposed damage identification index.
Analysis on Non-Balance Insulation in Lhasa
Authors: Li En , Liu Jia Ping
Published: May 2011

In Lhasa city, because of the abundant solar radiation, different direction walls absorb very different amount of solar energy. For the more efficient using of solar radiation, this difference should be reflected in the insulation design. By analysis on the typical year climate data, the absorption of solar radiation of different direction walls is clear. Compared with the inland city, Lhasa has more abundant solar energy and the bigger difference of direction, which means, the non-balance insulation is meaningful. The local test verifies the result of south and north room’s big difference thermal environment in the target building. By analyzing the permissible value of net heat loss by the envelope, the suggested limited value of overall heat transfer coefficient is proposed.