bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asymmetrically coated LAGP/PP/PVDF–HFP composite separator film and its effect on the improvement of NCM battery performance
Authors: Liang Tian , Cao Jian-Hua , Liang Wei-Hua , Li Quan , He Lei , Wu Da-Yong
Published: December 2019

A LAGP/PP/PVDF–HFP double-sided asymmetric composite separator film was prepared to improve the battery performance in LIBs.
The promotion and suppression of DNA charge neutralization by the cosolute ectoine
Authors: Chen Benteng , Wang Yanwei , Yang Guangcan
Published: December 2019

Ectoine can promote DNA charge neutralization at mild cosolute concentration in solution. When the concentration of ectoine is high enough, however, a mixing effect of promotion and suppression can be found in the same ionic condition.
Expanding medicinal chemistry into 3D space: metallofragments as 3D scaffolds for fragment-based drug discovery
Authors: Morrison Christine N. , Prosser Kathleen E. , Stokes Ryjul W. , Cordes Anna , Metzler-Nolte Nils , Cohen Seth M.
Published: December 2019

Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) using 3-dimensional metallofragments is a new strategy for the identification of bioactive molecules.
A durable VO2(M)/Zn battery with ultrahigh rate capability enabled by pseudocapacitive proton insertion
Authors: Zhang Lishang , Miao Ling , Zhang Bao , Wang Jinsong , Liu Jia , Tan Qiuyang , Wan Houzhao , Jiang Jianjun
Published: December 2019

Reversible hydroxyzinc sulfate hydrate deposition/dissolution in electrochemical process could be observed on cathode surface. Good long term stability retention could also be achieved at high current density of 20 A g−1.
Dispersible porous classical polymer photocatalysts for visible light-mediated production of pharmaceutically relevant compounds in multiple solvents
Authors: Ferguson Calum T. J. , Huber Niklas , Kuckhoff Thomas , Zhang Kai A. I. , Landfester Katharina
Published: December 2019

Porous classical polymer photocatalyst produced by RAFT mediated PISA, easily dispersible in a broad range of solvents for drug synthesis.
Optical classifier based on volume holographic filter with vector decomposition
Authors: Ikeda K. , Fujiyoshi H. , Yamada M. , Watanabe E.
Published: December 2019

A new implementation of the weight vector in a classifier based on an optical system using a volume holographic filter with a vector decomposition algorithm is proposed for high‐speed data classification. Using a volume holographic filter, the correlation between the input and the decomposed weight vector is calculated for the classification score, which is the output from the decision function in the optical classifier. The authors experimentally demonstrate the core concept and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method by executing a two‐class classification problem using a volume hologram medium.
Classification and identification of electric shock current for safety operation in power distribution network
Authors: Liu Yongmei , Du Songhuai , Sheng Wanxing
Published: December 2019

Electric shock current identification is essential for the safety in power distribution network. Moreover, as different categories of object have different electric shock current characteristic, a classification model for shock current is essential to be proposed before identification. Therefore, the authors proposed a two‐stage framework, including the AdaBoost for the classification and an improved support vector machine (SVM) method for the identification. In the classification stage, the AdaBoost learns the hidden pattern of different electric shock current and generates a predictive model for current classification. Based on the classification results, a fusion method called SVM–NN is proposed in the identification stage, which is based on SVM and neural network (NN) to make fusion determination. The SVM–NN takes advantages of SVM and NN for integration analysis. Based on real data, these classification and identification methods are evaluated. Results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the identification accuracy of electric shock current signal comparing to traditional methods.
Optimal scheduling for micro‐grid considering EV charging–swapping–storage integrated station
Authors: Yuan Hongtao , Wei Gang , Zhu Lan , Zhang Xin , Zhang He , Luo Zhigang , Hu Jue
Published: December 2019

In this study, a micro‐grid (MG) optimal operation model considering the electric vehicle (EV) charging–swapping–storage integrated station (CSSIS) is presented. According to the behaviour characteristics of fast charging users, the battery fast charging station (BCS) model based on queuing theory is established. In addition, the traffic flow model could be determined by the network topology and speed–flow relationship in order to propose the battery swapping station (BSS) model considering the departure schedule and route arrangement of electric buses (Ebs). Meanwhile, the CSSIS model is also introduced, which aggregates BCS, BSS, and the energy storage station into one unit. In the MG, which takes the outputs of wind turbines, photovoltaic cells, micro‐turbines, CSSIS and the demand of original load into account, this study proposes an optimal operation model in order to minimise the daily total operation cost and the problem is formulated in the framework of model predictive control (MPC). MPC based on a multi‐time scale coordinated approach, which is formed by day‐ahead scheduling, intra‐day rolling scheduling, and real‐time feedback correction, is introduced to handle uncertainties in renewable energy and load. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and benefit of the optimal scheduling strategy.
Regime-switching model detection map for direct exoplanet detection in ADI sequences
Authors: Dahlqvist C.-H. , Cantalloube F. , Absil O.
Published: December 2019

Context. Beyond the choice of wavefront control systems or coronographs, advanced data processing methods play a crucial role in disentangling potential planetary signals from bright quasi-static speckles. Among these methods, angular differential imaging (ADI) for data sets obtained in pupil tracking mode (ADI sequences) is one of the foremost research avenues, considering the many observing programs performed with ADI-based techniques and the associated discoveries.

Aims. Inspired by the field of econometrics, here we propose a new detection algorithm for ADI sequences, deriving from the regime-switching model first proposed in the 1980s.

Methods. The proposed model is very versatile as it allows the use of PSF-subtracted data sets (residual cubes) provided by various ADI-based techniques, separately or together, to provide a single detection map. The temporal structure of the residual cubes is used for the detection as the model is fed with a concatenated series of pixel-wise time sequences. The algorithm provides a detection probability map by considering two possible regimes for concentric annuli, the first one accounting for the residual noise and the second one for the planetary signal in addition to the residual noise.

Results. The algorithm performance is tested on data sets from two instruments, VLT/NACO and VLT/SPHERE. The results show an overall better performance in the receiver operating characteristic space when compared with standard signal-to-noise-ratio maps for several state-of-the-art ADI-based post-processing algorithms.
First direct observation of a torsional Alfvén oscillation at coronal heights
Authors: Kohutova P. , Verwichte E. , Froment C.
Published: December 2019

Context. Torsional Alfvén waves are promising candidates for the transport of energy across different layers of the solar atmosphere. They have been predicted theoretically for decades. Previous detections of Alfvén waves so far have however mostly relied on indirect signatures.

Aims. We present the first direct observational evidence of a fully resolved torsional Alfvén oscillation of a large-scale structure occurring at coronal heights.

Methods. We analysed IRIS imaging and spectral observation of a surge resulting from magnetic reconnection between active region prominence threads and surrounding magnetic field lines.

Results. The IRIS spectral data provide clear evidence of an oscillation in the line-of-sight velocity with a 180° phase difference between the oscillation signatures at opposite edges of the surge flux tube. This together with an alternating tilt in the Si IV and Mg II k spectra across the flux tube and the trajectories traced by the individual threads of the surge material provide clear evidence of torsional oscillation of the flux tube.

Conclusions. Our observation shows that magnetic reconnection leads to the generation of large-scale torsional Alfvén waves.
The pulsed neutron beam EDM experiment
Authors: Chanel Estelle , Hodge Zachary , Ries Dieter , Schulthess Ivo , Solar Marc , Soldner Torsten , Stalder Oliver , Thorne Jacob , Piegsa Florian M.
Published: December 2019

We report on the Beam EDM experiment, which aims to employ a pulsed cold neutron beam to search for an electric dipole moment instead of the established use of storable ultracold neutrons. We present a brief overview of the basic measurement concept and the current status of our proof-of-principle Ramsey apparatus.
The PanEDM neutron electric dipole moment experiment at the ILL
Authors: Wurm David , Beck Douglas H. , Chupp Tim , Degenkolb Skyler , Fierlinger Katharina , Fierlinger Peter , Filter Hanno , Ivanov Sergey , Klau Christopher , Kreuz Michael , Lelièvre-Berna Eddy , Lins Tobias , Meichelböck Joachim , Neulinger Thomas , Paddock Robert , Röhrer Florian , Rosner Martin , Serebrov Anatolii P. , Singh Jaideep Taggart , Stoepler Rainer , Stuiber Stefan , Sturm Michael , Taubenheim Bernd , Tonon Xavier , Tucker Mark , Grinten Maurits van der , Zimmer Oliver
Published: December 2019

The neutron's permanent electric dipole momentdnis constrained to below 3 × 10−26e cm (90% C.L.) [1, 2], by experiments using ultracold neutrons (UCN). We plan to improve this limit by an order of magnitude or more with PanEDM, the first experiment exploiting the ILL's new UCN source SuperSUN. SuperSUN is expected to provide a high density of UCN with energies below 80 neV, implying extended statistical reach with respect to existing sources, for experiments that rely on long storage or spin-precession times. Systematic errors in PanEDM are strongly suppressed by passive magnetic shielding, with magnetic field and gradient drifts at the single fT level. A holding-field homogeneity on the order of 10−4is achieved in low residual fields, via a high static damping factor and built-in coil system. No comagnetometer is needed for the first order-of-magnitude improvement indn, thanks to high magnetic stability and an assortment of sensors outside the UCN storage volumes. PanEDM will be commissioned and upgraded in parallel with SuperSUN, to take full advantage of the source's output in each phase. Commissioning is ongoing in 2019, and a new limit in the mid 10−27e cm range should be possible with two full reactor cycles of data in the commissioned apparatus.
Progress on the BL2 beam measurement of the neutron lifetime
Authors: Hoogerheide Shannon F. , Caylor Jimmy , Adamek Evan R. , Anderson Eamon S. , Biswas Ripan , Chavali Sai Meghasena , Crawford Bret , DeAngelis Christina , Dewey Maynard S. , Fomin Nadia , Gilliam David M. , Grammer Kyle B. , Greene Geoffrey L. , Haun Robert W. , Ivanov Juliet A. , Li Fangchen , Mulholland Jonathan , Mumm H. Pieter , Nico Jeffrey S. , Snow William M. , Valete Daniel , Wietfeldt Fred E. , Yue Andrew T.
Published: December 2019

A precise value of the neutron lifetime is important in several areas of physics, including determinations of the quark-mixing matrix element |Vud|, related tests of the Standard Model, and predictions of light element abundances in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis models. We report the progress on a new measurement of the neutron lifetime utilizing the cold neutron beam technique. Several experimental improvements in both neutron and proton counting that have been developed over the last decade are presented. This new effort should yield a final uncertainty on the lifetime of 1 s with an improved understanding of the systematic effects.
A search for deviations from the inverse square law of gravity at nm range using a pulsed neutron beam
Authors: Haddock Christopher , Hirota Katsuya , Ino Takashi , Kitaguchi Masaaki , Mishima Kenji , Oi Noriko , Shima Tatsushi , Shimizu Hirohiko , Snow W. Michael , Yoshioka Tamaki
Published: December 2019

Recently published results and ongoing experimental efforts to search for deviations from the inverse square law of gravity at the nanometer length scale using slow neutron scattering from the noble gases are discussed. Using the pulsed slow neutron beamline BL05 at the Materials and Life Sciences Facility at J-PARC, we measured the neutron momentum transfer (q) dependence of the differential scattering cross section for the noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. By comparing to the distributions obtained using pseudo-experimental Monte Carlo simulations and forming ratios between Xe and He, we placed an upper bound on the strength of a new interaction as a function of interaction length λ which improved upon previous results in the region λ < 0.1 nm, and remains competitive in the larger λ region. Additionally we describe how we are using our technique to extract relative values of the total neutron scattering cross sections of the noble gases, as well as how we plan to measure the neutron-electron scattering length using the NOVA instrument on BL21 at J-PARC.
Neutron decay, dark matter and neutron stars
Authors: Beck D.H.
Published: December 2019

Following up on a suggestion that decay to a dark matter fermion might explain the 4σ discrepancy in the neutron lifetime, we consider the implications of such a fermion on neutron star structure. We find that including it reduces the maximum neutron star mass to well below the observed masses. In order to recover stars with the observed masses, the (repulsive) self-interactions of the dark fermion would have to be stronger than those of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.
Study of neutron fundamental properties in the perfect crystal optics and diffraction
Authors: Fedorov V.V. , Voronin V.V.
Published: December 2019

Review of the new crystal-diffraction methods to study fundamental neutron properties and interactions is presented. Features of neutron optics in the crystal without a center of symmetry is discussed as well as the first experimental results and perspectives to improve the sensitivity of experiments on a search for the neutron electric dipole moment (EDM) and CP-violating short-range pseudomagnetic nucleon-nucleon interaction. Also, the possibility to develop ultra-precise neutron spectroscopy using Laue diffraction in the perfect crystal is discussed, which can be used for a broad range of experiments: search for the neutron electric charge; test of the equivalence principle; precise measurements of neutron scattering amplitudes; crystal quality testing.
Precision neutron flux measurement using the Alpha-Gamma device
Authors: Adamek Evan R. , Dewey Maynard S. , Fomin Nadia , Gilliam David M. , Greene Geoffrey L. , Hoogerheide Shannon F. , Mumm Hans P. , Nico Jeffrey S. , Snow William M.
Published: December 2019

The Alpha-Gamma device at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) utilizes neutron capture on a totally absorbing 10B deposit to measure the absolute neutron flux of a monochromatic cold neutron beam. Gammas produced by the boron capture are counted using high purity germanium detectors, which are calibrated using a well-measured 239Pu alpha source and the alpha-to-gamma ratio from neutron capture on a thin 10B target. This device has been successfully operated and used to calibrate the neutron flux monitor for the BL2 neutron lifetime experiment at NIST. It is also being used for a measurement of the 6Li(n,t)4He cross section. We shall present its principle of operation along with the current and planned projects involving the Alpha-Gamma device, including the recalibration of the U.S. national neutron standard NBS-1 and (n,f) cross section measurements of 235U.
A remark on Uzawa’s algorithm and an application to mean field games systems
Authors: Bertucci Charles
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we present an extension of Uzawa’s algorithm and apply it to build approximating sequences of mean field games systems. We prove that Uzawa’s iterations can be used in a more general situation than the one in it is usually used. We then present some numerical results of those iterations on discrete mean field games systems of optimal stopping, impulse control and continuous control.
Mathematical Models of Homogenization for a Rammed Earth Blend Made of Crushed Limestone and Cement in Linear Micro-poro-elasticity
Authors: Strazzeri Vittoria , Karrech Ali , Elchalakani M.
Published: December 2019

Rammed earth (RE) designates natural building materials that can contain stabilized or non-stabilized soils or crushed stone blends. RE materials are non-homogenous and their performance depends on their compositions, grain size distributions, porosity, and mode of preparation. This category of building materials has recently been subject of extensive studies, due to the increasing interest in sustainable construction, which have highlighted the potential and limits of its large uptake. Although it has been demonstrated that RE can be treated as multi-component materials [1] a full characterization based on micro-structural considerations is still lacking. Full understanding of the role of porosity in the overall material performance has not been addressed. However, extensive literature [2, 3, 4, 5] is available that can describe the overall mechanical behaviour of similar materials, based on the principle continuum micromechanics. This study applies the Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme to characterize the linear elastic behaviour of cement-stabilized crushed-limestone-based material by treating it as a porous composite. The composite comprises a solid phase consisting of limestone grains bonded together with hydrated cement bridges and a fluid phases consisting of different families of pores. The microstructure of rammed earth samples has been observed using an optical microscope. The obtained images have been collected and processed to obtain the pore sizes and pore size distribution. Finally, these statistics along with the Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme have been used to determine the overall elastic properties that depend on a damage parameter enclosing the pore sizes, density, and texture
Fabrication of New Geopolymer Binder from Demolition Waste and Ignimbrite Slits for Application in the Construction Industry
Authors: Mayta-Ponce D.L. , Soto-Cruz P. , Huamán-Mamani F.A.
Published: December 2019

Geopolymeric mortars with volumetric fractions of 0.6:1:0.3 for a binder powder, fine sand and sodium hydroxide solution (12M), respectively; have been fabricated by mixing the solid materials and the subsequent addition of sodium hydroxide solution 12M to form a workable paste, to later be cured for 28 days at room temperature. The microstructures of the fabricated materials reveal the existence of two phases with notable difference, one continuous to the geopolymer binder phase and another discontinuous of fine sand particles agglutinated by the binder phase. Mechanical compression tests are performed at a constant compression rate of 0.05 mm/min and at temperatures ranged from room temperature to 500°C. The mechanical results are ranged from 19 and 69 MPa for all the materials studied. On the other hand, there was an increase in mechanical resistance up to test temperatures of 200°C and the progressive reduction of resistance at temperatures above 200°C, with a fragile-ductile transition zone between 400 and 500°C and completely ductile behavior from test temperatures of 500°C.
Analysis of Constructive Errors in masonry confined in Highly Seismic Countries and Reinforcement of Walls with Galvanized Mesh
Authors: Goñi Wilder , Maquin Nehemias , Rodríguez José , Morán y Ennio
Published: December 2019

In countries with high seismicity, such as those located in the Pacific belt of fire, great disasters are generated because many houses are not designed to resist seismic forces; this is because they have been built without any professional technical assistance and using low quality materials that make them more vulnerable to an earthquake. In developing countries such as Peru, the problem is recurrent, because more than 80% of homes are self- built, causing construction errors that lead to 70% of these homes have no guarantees to withstand a major earthquake; the importance of solving this problem lies in the need to identify construction errors to study methods of reinforcement. This work investigates 371 houses of confined masonry, the most used construction system in South America, finding as a result that the most important construction error is the structural use of the tubular brick; in view of this, it is proposed to reinforce the walls with a construction system made up of tubular bricks reinforced with galvanized wire mesh to increase resistance and improve ductility.
Experimental Characterization of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: NAOUAOUI Khaoula , BOUYAHYAOUI Azzeddine , CHERRADI Toufik
Published: December 2019

The field of construction is evolving rapidly over the last decade. This is justified by the evolution of human activity in various fields mainly tourism, industry … and the aging of several buildings which implies a renovation or a demolition/re-construction. These construction activities involve a large need for aggregates for new construction and a large tonnage of waste from demolitions.

In order to remedy this, various stakeholders in the field (suppliers, cement works, research centers, etc.) have valued recycled aggregate concrete (RAC).

Recycled aggregates concrete is considered a new type of concrete based on the use of aggregates retrieved from the demolished structures instead of natural aggregates. This replacement affects, for sure, the characteristics of the concrete produced specially the mechanical properties.

Developed countries have made a great progress in normalizing the use of recycled aggregates (RA) in concrete implementation as a result of many studies done since 80’s. In Morocco, recycled aggregates do not have any specific standards, and is used mainly in roads and pavements construction. Even if it’s not normalized this use is not recent, in 1999 during the rehabilitation of the expressway road of Casablanca which was severely damaged on both channels, the authorities have opted for the reuse of aggregates instead of reloading the existing pavement with a new one.

The study is based on the use of recycled concrete crushed from an old building in Rabat- Morocco as aggregates and compared it with naturel aggregates from Morocco to determinate the effect of this replacement on several characteristics of concrete.

This article is aiming to investigate experimentally the effect of RA in concrete using different replacement levels, different types of adjuvant and different percentages of it.

The results show that over 30% of replacement, the compressive strength decreases considerably for basic concrete.

In order to increase the compressive strength for the RAC with a percentage of replacement over 50%, we used different types of additives (Plasticizer, superplasticizer and new generation superplasticizer) and different percentage of it (0.5%, 1% and 1.5%): We concludes that, for our case, the add of plasticizer gives the best result and that the 1% replacement is the optimum percentage.

The tests done on RCA made by plasticizer with different replacement level confirm the results without plasticizer:

Compressive strength decreases when the replacement percentage increases.
Étude de faisabilité « Educ’Art-Ped » : Évaluation de l’impact de l’art-thérapie sur la qualité de vie des aidants d’enfants diabétiques
Authors: El Ouazzani Houria , Fontaine Emeline , Morlet Séverine , Braud Patricia , Szymczak Viviane , Robin Caroline , Albouy-Llaty Marion
Published: December 2019

Introduction :Le diagnostic du diabète chez l’enfant impacte la qualité de vie (Qvie) des parents. Pour accompagner l’enfant et son entourage, les programmes d’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) peuvent mobiliser plusieurs disciplines, dont l’art-thérapie.Objectif :Déterminer l’impact de l’art-thérapie sur la Qvie des aidants d’enfants diabétiques.Méthodes :Un essai contrôlé randomisé multicentrique, avec séances d’art-thérapie en binôme (animateur et observateur), a été réalisé avec une analyse mixte, quantitative sur l’évolution du score de Qvie « PedsQL Family Impact Module », et qualitative sur l’analyse des commentaires rapportés par un observateur.Résultats :In fine, 15 aidants non exposés et 17 exposés ont participé. Nous n’avons pas retrouvé de différence significative entre l’évolution moyenne des scores de Qvie des deux groupes (p = 0,2). Toutefois, les art-thérapeutes ont rapporté l’amélioration progressive des compétences de communication des aidants, l’acquisition du lâcher-prise et l’occultation ponctuelle du diabète.Discussion :Cette étude a permis d’identifier quatre leviers méthodologiques portant sur : (a) l’inclusion ; (b) la gestion des données ; (c) le choix des outils et des délais d’évaluation ; (d) le cadre thérapeutique.Conclusion :L’organisation des séances d’art-thérapie dans la nouvelle plateforme salutogénique de promotion de la santéVie La Santéfacilitera l’implémentation de l’étude Educ’Art-Ped2.
Granulomatöses Skleromyxödem mit dermato-neurologischem Syndrom – Vorstellung einer seltenen Erkrankung mit schwerer Komplikation
Authors: Will L. M. , Vogt T. , Müller C. S. L.
Published: December 2019

Es wird über eine Patientin mit Skleromyxödem mit monoklonaler Gammopathie berichtet, welche im klinischen Verlauf ein dermato-neurologisches Syndrom entwickelte. Unter Therapie mit intravenösen Immunglobulinen kam es zu einer deutlichen klinischen Befundbesserung. Das dermato-neurologische Syndrom ist definiert als die Kombination Grippe-ähnlicher Symptome, hohem Fieber, tonisch-klonischer Krämpfe und Koma im klinischen Kontext eines Skleromyxödems und ist ein prinzipiell letales Krankheitsbild. Am vorliegenden Fall wird die dringende Notwendigkeit einer engen interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit deutlich.
Sweet-Syndrom mit akraler Beteiligung nach Boswellia-Einnahme: Ein Fallbericht
Authors: Wagner A.-C. , Vogt T. , Müller C. S. L.
Published: December 2019

Wir berichten über eine 58-jährige Patientin mit Auftreten eines Sweet-Syndroms mit akraler Beteiligung. Die Patientin stellte sich mit juckenden, schmerzhaften, erythematösen, teils blasigen Hautveränderungen am Stamm und auch betont an den Fingerendgliedern vor. Diese entstanden innerhalb weniger Tage nach Einnahme von Weihrauchkapseln, welche die Patientin bei vorliegender rheumatoider Arthritis und vorbekanntem M. Crohn testete. Ein Wiederaufflammen dieser Autoimmunerkrankungen, Infektionen, hämato-onkologische Erkrankungen und weitere mögliche alternative Trigger des Sweet-Syndroms waren nicht evident. Eine Abheilung erfolgte nach mehrwöchiger systemischer Steroidtherapie.
Kita-Alltag gesundheitsfördernd gestalten: ganzheitlich und nachhaltig
Authors: Eichner Mirko , Grünewald-Funk Dorle
Published: December 2019

Im Fokus der kompakten Qualifizierung „KiCo - Kita-Coaches IN FORM“ für Kita-Leitungen und pädagogische Fachkräfte stehen die Themen Coaching und Gesundheitsförderung in der Kita. Hierzu werden vielfältige Methoden zu möglichen Coachinganlässen in Praxiseinheiten erprobt. Zudem werden die, für einen gesunden Lebensstil in der Kita unverzichtbaren Themen Ernährung, Bewegung und Entspannung vertiefend behandelt. Weitere Schwerpunkte bilden die Mitarbeiter*innengesundheit sowie die Elternpartnerschaft. Die angehenden KiCo-Coaches erhalten insbesondere während ihrer ersten Coachingeinsätze in Kitas Unterstützung durch eine erfahrene Supervisorin.
Audit of Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Acute Variceal Bleed in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Lavekar Anurag , TR Vijaykumar , HP Nandeesh , Suvarna Deepak , HV Aradya , Reddy Ritesh ,   Anilkumar G
Published: December 2019

Aims The main purpose of this article is to conduct audit of clinical profile and outcomes of patients presenting with acute variceal bleed in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods and Material This was a retrospective study of patients presenting with variceal bleed in a tertiary care center. Data were generated through a computerized electronic record system. Data of patients admitted for acute variceal bleed from August 2018 to December 2018 were collected and considered for analysis. Statistical analysis was done using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 version.

Results Overall, 107 cases were analyzed. In 89.7% (96) cases, cirrhosis of liver was a cause of variceal bleed. Besides, 77.6% (83) patients had large esophageal varices. Five patients (4.7%) required glue injection. Rebleed rate in present study was 0.9%. Mortality due to variceal bleed was 9.3% (10). Acute rebleed (p = 0.002), low mean arterial pressure (MAP; p = 0.001), low platelet count (p = 0.001), high serum creatinine (p = 0.001), high serum total bilirubin (p = 0.001), high international normalized ratio (INR; p = 0.001), and higher model for end stage liver disease (p = 0.001) were associated with increased risk of mortality. Door to endoscopy time (<12 hours or 12–24 hours) did not affect the mortality rate (p = 0.699). Terlipressin given 24 hours after endotherapy is equally effective as terlipressin given 5 days after endotherapy.

Conclusion Mortality due to acute variceal bleed can be reduced with timely intervention. Low MAP, low platelet count, higher serum bilirubin and creatinine, and higher INR are predictors of increased mortality due to variceal bleed. Endoscopy done within 12 to 24 hours of presentation did not affect the outcome.
CBD Stone Formation Over Migrated Surgical Clip: A Rare Complication Developed Fourteen Years after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Shah Parth , Rathi Pravin
Published: December 2019

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is currently the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones. Migration of surgical clips into common bile duct (CBD) is a rare complication after LC. Migrated surgical clips may lead to further complications like cholangitis, choledocholithiasis. We report a rare case of CBD stone formed over migrated surgical clips, 14 years after LC. A 41-year-old male with history of LC 14 years back, presented with repeated episodes of biliary colic. Computed tomography (CT) scan abdomen showed CBD stones with metallic foreign bodies and prominent CBD. Patient was managed successfully with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Patient became asymptomatic thereafter. This case is a rare complication developed after a very commonly performed surgery.
Adsorption of gas molecules on a C3N monolayer and the implications for NO2 sensors
Authors: Zhao Zijia , Yong Yongliang , Hu Song , Li Caitao , Kuang Yanmin
Published: December 2019

Recent reports have raised exciting prospects for the use of C3N monolayers exhibiting excellent adsorptive properties in nanodevice applications. In this study, we carried out first-principle calculations to investigate the adsorption of NO2, NO, CO, HCN, NH3, CO2, H2, N2, CH4, H2O, O2, and N2O gas molecules on a C3N monolayer as well as its potential applications in gas sensor devices. Our results reveal that the chemisorption of NO2 can significantly influence the electronic properties of the C3N monolayer (e.g., changing semiconducting behavior to conducting behavior). In contrast, physisorption of the other gas molecules had little effect on the electronic properties of the C3N monolayer. These results suggest that the C3N monolayer is much more sensitive and selective to NO2 than to the other gases. The recovery time of NO2 at T = 300 K is only 0.62 s. Moreover, the optical properties of the C3N monolayer can be modified as a result of the adsorption of different molecules, especially the NO2 molecule. Thus, the C3N monolayer is a promising and desirable candidate for use as a suitable material in gas sensors for NO2 detection.
Drought resistance of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is promoted by early stomatal closure and leaf shedding
Authors: Li Ximeng , Smith Renee , Choat Brendan , Tissue David T.
Published: December 2019

Water relations have been well documented in tree species, but relatively little is known about the hydraulic characteristics of crops. Here, we report on the hydraulic strategy of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Leaf gas exchange and in vivo embolism formation were monitored simultaneously on plants that were dried down in situ under controlled environment conditions, and xylem vulnerability to embolism of leaves, stems and roots was measured using intact plants. Water potential inducing 50% embolised vessels (P50) in leaves was significantly higher (less negative) than P50 of stems and roots, suggesting that leaves were the most vulnerable organ to embolism. Furthermore, the water potential generating stomatal closure (Pgs) was higher than required to generate embolism formation, and complete stomatal closure always preceded the onset of embolism with declining soil water content. Although protracted drought resulted in massive leaf shedding, stem embolism remained minimal even after ~90% leaf area was lost. Overall, cotton maintained hydraulic integrity during long-term drought stress through early stomatal closure and leaf shedding, thus exhibiting a drought avoidance strategy. Given that water potentials triggering xylem embolism are uncommon under field conditions, cotton is unlikely to experience hydraulic dysfunction except under extreme climates. Results of this study provide physiological evidence for drought resistance in cotton with regard to hydraulics, and may provide guidance in developing irrigation schedules during periods of water shortage.
FATE OF PREFORMED IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN RABBITS AND RHESUS MONKEYS
Authors: Mannik Mart , Arend William P.
Published: December 2019

Preformed soluble immune complexes injected into rabbits or rhesus monkeys showed similar characteristics of disappearance from circulation. Complexes made with intact γG-antibodies and exceeding the Ag2Ab2 lattice formation were rapidly removed by the hepatic RES. These complexes fixed complement effectively in vitro. Their hepatic uptake was not dependent upon circulating complement components, since their accumulation in the liver was unchanged in complement depleted rabbits. Similar antigen-antibody complexes made with reduced and alkylated γG-antibodies fixed complement ineffectively in vitro. These complexes possessed different disappearance characteristics and were not rapidly taken up by the liver, regardless of their degree of lattice formation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies failed to suggest any role for the immune adherence receptor on primate erythrocytes in the handling of circulating soluble immune complexes composed of BSA and γG-antibodies to this antigen.
THE NATURE OF AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN AND ITS RELATION TO ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEX FORMATION
Authors: Blumberg Baruch S. , Millman Irving , Sutnick Alton I. , London W. Thomas
Published: December 2019

There is considerable data to support the hypothesis that Australia antigen is an infectious agent that causes hepatitis in man.

(a) Association with acute viral hepatitis.

(b) Association with chronic hepatitis.

(c) Virus-like appearance under the electron microscope (200-A particles).

(d) Transmission of Au(1) from man to man.

(e) Transmission and passage of partially purified Au(1) to an animal host (infant African green monkey).

(f) Localization [with fluorescent anti-Au(1)] of Au(1) in the nuclei of liver cells of patients with hepatitis and/or Au(1) in their blood.

(g) Distribution of Au(1) in institutions, disease groups, and populations is consistent with the distribution of an infectious agent.

(h) RNA identified in Au(1) particles isolated from blood.

(i) Apparent replication of Australia antigen in tissue cultures of human liver cells.

There is also considerable evidence that Australia antigen has many of the characteristics of a serum protein polymorphism. Since neither of these hypotheses has been rejected they can be combined to make a third hypothesis, namely, that Australia antigen is an infectious agent which causes hepatitis in some people infected with it and that it has the characteristics of an (inhertied) serum protein polymorphism. We propose calling agents of this postulated class "Icrons."
THE EFFECTS OF SERUM TREATED WITH PARARABIN
Authors: Zunz Edgard , Mohilevith Charles
Published: December 2019

On page 227, Vol. XXV, No. 2, February 1, 1917, line 20, for 2 or 3 minutes read 20 to 30 minutes.

On page 228, lines 28, 29, and 30 should read: It should also be mentioned, as has been shown by the experiments of Bordet and Zunz with guinea pigs, that it is better to employ homologous serum; that is, rabbit serum.
STUDIES OF LUNG VOLUME. I
Authors: Lundsgaard Christen , Van Slyke Donald D.
Published: December 2019

On page 65, Vol. XXVII, No. 1, January 1, 1918, the last two sentences of the second paragraph should read: The difference between the total capacity and the middle capacity (all that can be breathed in after a half expiration) is called the "complementary air."2 The difference between middle capacity and residual air (all that can be breathed out after a half expiration) is called the "reserve air."
SKIN FERMENTS
Authors: Sexsmith Edna , Petersen William F.
Published: December 2019

That a definite change in the reactivity of the skin takes place during the transition from infancy to childhood has been repeatedly noted. Rolly (5), working with a variety of bacterial toxins, found that infants did not react, but that reactions occurred with advancing age. Similarly Tenner (6), using Witte's peptone, colon bacilli, and tuberculin observed that at about the period that the skin of children became increasingly sensitive to tuberculin, a corresponding reactivity was manifest toward the other antigens. It seems possible to us that this phenomenon is related to the alteration in the ferments of the skin that takes place during the transition period. Thus while the protease of the adult type of skin causes a definite autolysis, that of the fetal skin does not, the synthetic potential evidently predominating. Of greater significance seems to be the fact that the skin of the young animal contains peptidase to a considerable amount, while the adult skin seems to be without this ferment activity.

If we assume that the disintegration of the native protein of the antigen is essential in eliciting certain skin tests, it would seem probable that the splitting would be less apt to take place in the young skin in which the lytic effects of the ferments are relatively suppressed. On the other hand, the young skin, containing peptidase, would be able to digest rapidly any antigen consisting of partially hydrolyzed proteins—as tuberculin—and in this way detoxicate and remove the noxious material. From these considerations the undoubted alteration of the skin reactivity taking place after infancy seems definitely correlated with changes in the proteolytic ferments. In how far they enter into and alter the specific reactions cannot be determined from the limited data so far available.

Of the other ferments, the lipases, as pointed out by Porter, are possibly of importance in the resistance of the skin to tuberculous infection. It will be observed from the table that the activity of these skin ferments is less manifest in their action as esterases, on ethyl butyrate, than on the neutral fats used, oleic oil and butter fat, in this way differing from the activity of the serum. The relative resistance of the skin to tuberculous infection can, however, hardly be due to the activity of the lipase alone, for it must be kept in mind that the lepra bacillus, also rich in lipoids, is enabled to proliferate well within the epithelial tissues.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIET UPON THE REGENERATION OF SERUM PROTEIN
Authors: Melnick Daniel , Cowgill George R. , Burack Ethel
Published: December 2019

Page 889, 16th line from bottom, for 52.1 read 56.4; for 22.7 read 27.0. 13th line from bottom, for 43 read 52. 7th line from bottom, for 13.0 read 17.8. 6th line from bottom, for 29 read 40.

Page 890, 3rd line from the top, for 12.5 read 13.3. 4th line from the top, for "This value, approximately 34 per cent of the total circulating serum protein, agrees very well with those recorded for dogs 3 and 4," read "This value is approximately 36 per cent of the total circulating serum protein. During the initial depletion week, 38.0 gm. of serum protein were removed from this animal." 20th line from top, for 30 to 40 read 35 to 55.

Page 895, 2nd line in 3rd paragraph under Summary, for 30 to 40 read 35 to 55.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT, ELECTROCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TUBERCULIN PROTEIN AND POLYSACCHARIDE MOLECULES
Authors: Seibert Florence B. , Pedersen Kai O. , Tiselius Arne
Published: December 2019

Page 435, Table X, third entry under s20, for 1.2 read 3.3
ON THE ORIGIN OF HEPARIN
Authors: Oliver Jean , Bloom Frank , Mangieri Carmen
Published: December 2019

This plate should be substituted for the original Plate 8 which appeared in Vol. 86, No. 2, August l, 1947, and showed faulty register of the colors.
STUDIES ON THE PERMEABILITY OF MEMBRANES
Authors: Michaelis L. , Ellsworth R. McL. , Weech A. A.
Published: December 2019

On page 675, Vol. X, No. 5, May 20, 1926, fifth line from the top, 75 per cent ether and 25 per cent alcohol should read 75 per cent alcohol and 25 per cent ether.
GEOTROPIC CURVATURE OF AVENA COLEOPTILES
Authors: Navez A. E. , Robinson T. W.
Published: December 2019

On page 139, Fig. 3, and page 140, Fig. 4, the left hand ordinate should read:

See PDF for Equation

The attached slip may be cut in half on the vertical line, and the corrected ordinates should be pasted over the present incorrect ones.
HfN2 monolayer: A new direct-gap semiconductor with high and anisotropic carrier mobility*
Authors: Sun Yuan , Xu Bin , Yi Lin
Published: December 2019

Searching for two-dimensional (2D) stable materials with direct band gap and high carrier mobility has attracted great attention for their electronic device applications. Using the first principles calculations and particle swarm optimization (PSO) method, we predict a new 2D stable material (HfN2 monolayer) with the global minimum of 2D space. The HfN2 monolayer possesses direct band gap (∼ 1.46 eV) and it is predicted to have high carrier mobilities (∼103 cm2⋅V−1⋅s−1) from deformation potential theory. The direct band gap can be well maintained and flexibly modulated by applying an easily external strain under the strain conditions. In addition, the newly predicted HfN2 monolayer possesses good thermal, dynamical, and mechanical stabilities, which are verified by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, phonon dispersion and elastic constants. These results demonstrate that HfN2 monolayer is a promising candidate in future microelectronic devices.
Comparative study on atomic ionization in bicircular laser fields by length and velocity gauges S-matrix theory*
Authors: Xia Hong , Jia Xin-Yan , Hao Xiao-Lei , Guo Li , Fan Dai-He , Chu Gen-Bai , Chen Jing
Published: December 2019

Ionization of atoms in counter-rotating and co-rotating bicircular laser fields is studied using the S-matrix theory in both length and velocity gauges. We show that for both the bicircular fields, ionization rates are enhanced when the two circularly polarized lights have comparable intensities. In addition, the curves of ionization rate versus the field amplitude ratio of the two colors for counter-rotating and co-rotating fields coincide with each other in the length gauge case at the total laser intensity 5 × 1014 W/cm2, which agrees with the experimental observation. Moreover, the degree of the coincidence between the ionization rate curves of the two bicircular fields decreases with the increasing field amplitude ratio and decreasing total laser intensity. With the help of the ADK theory, the above characteristics of the ionization rate curves can be well interpreted, which is related to the transition from the tunneling to multiphoton ionization mechanism.
Simulation of mechanical behaviour of the proximal femur as a poroelastic solid using particles
Authors: Smolin A. Yu. , Eremina G. M. , Dimaki A. V. , Shilko E. V.
Published: December 2019

Full understanding of the mechanical behaviour of living bone is the key to solving many important problems of modern orthopaedics and arthroplasty. An important role in the study of the mechanical behaviour of living bone belongs to the development and use of comprehensive numerical models. In this work, we model the mechanical behaviour of the proximal femur as a 3D poroelastic solid consisting of the interior cancellous part and the outer cortical part. For simplicity, both parts are assumed isotopic linear poroelastic material. However, they have different values of porosity, fluid content and elastic properties, which are taken from literature. For computer simulation, we used the so-called movable cellular automaton method, which is a representative of simply deformed discrete elements i.e. computational particle mechanics. The method allows simulating dynamics of the elastic skeleton deformation and viscous fluid flow in the skeleton pores according to Biot’s theory of linear poroelasticity. Using the model developed we study the mechanical behaviour of the proximal part of the femur in compression with different rate of loading and different permeability. The results obtained for both saturated and drained bones are discussed.
Generating efficient basis sets for unbounded domains
Authors: Mumtaz F , Alharbi F H
Published: December 2019

The treatment of the problems involving unbounded domains (UDs) with vanishing boundary conditions is always challenging. For spectral methods, in particular, very limited basis sets are commonly used for such domains, in which the ranges of the decay rates with acceptable computational efficiency, are very small. Furthermore, maintaining high level of analyticity becomes burdensome. Developing efficient mapped basis tailored for such problem is one of the main strategies to overcome these difficulties. In this work, we present a technique to generate efficient basis sets for UDs. This approach allows using basis sets defined for bounded domains (BDs) for problems in UDs, and hence, providing more freedom to choose from a variety of basis sets. To ensure computational efficiency, the designed transformations cover a wide range of decay rates and allow solving integrals analytically. The method is applied to solve many differential equations encountered frequently in many physics related problems. The results illustrate the efficiency of the developed technique and mapped basis sets.
Stressed state of a steel construction working in hydrogen containing environment
Authors: Emel’yanov I G , Polyakov A A , Hodak A S
Published: December 2019

An approach is proposed to solve the problem of estimating the stress state of a shell structure loaded with a thermomechanical load and in contact with a hydrogen-containing medium. The stress state of the steel housing of the diffusion apparatus for the production of highly pure hydrogen was determined. The object of study is presented in the form of a composite shell of rotation, loaded by internal pressure and operating at elevated temperatures. The purpose of the work is to determine the stress state of the shell at normal and elevated pressure, taking into account changes in the mechanical properties of the combined effect of temperature and hydrogen. In the general case, the task of calculating such a structure under given operating conditions is related. In the phenomenological approach, the relationship between thermal diffusion and mechanical problems is manifested in a change in the parameters of the sample deformation diagram with increasing temperature and hydrogen concentration. The integration of differential equations of a boundary value problem for a shell under pressure is performed by the discrete orthogonalization method S.К. Godunov.