bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on bone metabolism and related diseases: a scientometric study from 2003 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xia Chang-Liang , Ma Jun-Nan , Li Jia-Xuan , Chen Qi , Ou Shuan-Ji , Yang Yang , Qi Yong , Xu Chang-Peng
Published: September 2022

Background: In recent years, mitochondrial dysfunction has been extensively studied and published, but research in the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on bone metabolism and related diseases is only just beginning. Furthermore, no studies have been carried out to systematically illustrate this area from a scientometric point of view. The goal of this research is to review existing knowledge and identify new trends and possible hotspots in this area.Methods: All publications related to the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and bone metabolism and related diseases during 2003 to 2022 are searched at the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) on May 7, 2022. Four different analytical tools: VOSviewer 1.6.18, CiteSpace V 6.1, HistorCite (12.03.07) and Excel 2021 were used for the scientometric research.Results: The final analysis included 555 valid records in total. Journal of Biological Chemistry is the most famous journal in this field. China, the United States, and Korea are the most productive countries. Blanco FJ, and Sun L are the main researchers with significant academic influence. Current research hotspot are basic research on mitochondrial dysfunction and prevention or treatment of bone metabolism related diseases. Conclusion: The study of the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction on bone metabolism and associated diseases is advancing rapidly. A number of prominent researchers have published extensive literature and are widely cited. Future research in this area will focus on oxidative stress, aging, gene expression, and the pathogenesis of bone metabolism-related diseases.
Wheat blast disease impact on global grain yield under climate change
Authors: Pequeno Diego Noleto Luz , Ferreira Thiago Berton , Fernandes José Mauricio Cunha , Singh Pawan Kumar , Pavan Willingthon , Sonder Kai , Robertson Richard , Krupnik Timothy , Erenstein Olaf , Asseng Senthold
Published: September 2022

Wheat blast is a devastating fungal disease of wheat crops. The disease emerged in Brazil in the 1980s and is now spreading across continents, so it is urgent to calculate the potential for wheat blast spread and estimate the impact on wheat yield globally. By coupling a wheat crop simulation model with a new wheat blast model, quantitative estimates of wheat blast vulnerability were made with geographical precision. Under current climatic conditions, 6.4 million hectares of arable land is potentially vulnerable to wheat blast. Simulations of a warmer and more humid climate in the future show how wheat blast may spread, particularly in the southern hemisphere, and reduce global wheat production by 69 million tons per year (13% decrease) by mid-century.
First occurrence of Sclerotium rolfsii associated with collar and root rot disease of faba bean and its in vitro chemical control
Authors: Paul Swapan Kumar , Gupta Dipali Rani , Mahapatra Chandan Kumar , Sohrawardy Hossain , Hossain Delwar M. , Islam Tofazzal
Published: September 2022

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.), a promising grain legume, widely grown in central and northern part of Bangladesh. Disease symptoms resembling to collar and root rot was observed in an experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Disease incidence was ranged between 11–19%. Water-soaked sunken lesions were appeared on the collar region followed by the expansion of rotten areas along with white mycelial mass. The associated pathogen was isolated and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii (Teleomorph: Athelia rolfsii) based on the morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of ITS regions. The isolates grew well in both PDA and OMA media but optimum radial growth (3.31 cm/day) was observed in PDA media. The optimum temperature and pH for radial growth were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. Host range assay revealed that S. rolfsii isolates were strongly virulent to several other important crops such as tomato, brinjal chili, pea and chick pea indicating its potential threat to future agricultural production. Although the isolates were sensitive to Amistar Top, Score and Provax fungicides but Provax was more effective to inhibit the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii at 10 ppm. To best of our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of S. rolfsii causing collar rot of faba bean in Bangladesh and their in vitro chemical control.
Absence of New T-wave Inversion After Successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Jamil Araj , Ahmed Shahid , Ahmed Ishfaq , Rasheed Ghulam , Ahmed Bilal , Bhutto Aslam Latif , Hussain Sabir
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUNDNew beginning of T Wave Inversion (TWI) after the primary PCI was taken as no negative T waves on the presenting ECG and considered as a new TWI case. Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) which included occurrence of nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, and re-hospitalization for heart failure was taken as primary endpointThe primary aim of the study was to determine the frequency of absence of new T wave inversion (TWI) after successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) in patients. The secondary aim of the study was to assess the association between the development of new TWI after successful PCI and MACE after 30-days of the procedure.METHOD This 06 months prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Interventional Cardiology at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan.Non-probability, Consecutive Sampling was used to collect the study sample. All patients aged between 18 to 65 years, both male and female, who presented with acute STEMI (within 12 hours of chest pain) and underwent successful primary PCI were included in this study. RESULTSA total of 310 patients were enrolled with no missing data and incomplete information was found. Out of 310, most of the study population was male (237) as compared to female (73). Non-Diabetic, Non-hypertensive, Non-Smoker, Non-Obese, and with no Family History were not statistically significant with new TWI after 30 min and 48 hrs successful PCI in acute STEMI patients. MACE after 30 days was observed to be a not statistically significant factor as well with respective with new TWI after 30 min and 48 hrs successful PCI in acute STEMI patients, however, all patients were observed to be free from MACE after 30 daysCONCLUSION Overall in our study population, we have observed new TWI frequently observed in all age groups with gender distribution and comorbid factors. Although our primary objective was straightly observed in the minimal population as absence of T wave frequency observed to be minimal.
Exploration and Exploitation Methods Using (1+1)-Evolutionary Algorithms for Better Ranking Models
Authors: Ibrahim Osman Ali Sadek
Published: September 2022

Exploration and Exploitation methods in Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) play a fundamental role for obtaining an optimal solution. Exploration technique target is for search large portion of the search space, while Exploitation procedure is used for converge the current solution to the nearest local or global optimal solution. Example of Exploration procedure in EA is mutation process and Exploitation procedure can be accomplished using crossover process or better initialization at the beginning. This paper uses four probability distributions random generator for mutation process in (1+1)-Evolutionary Algorithms ((1+1)-EAs) for examining their mutation behaviors. In addition, this paper uses ranking models from Dependent Click Model and Linear Regression algorithms as initial solution in (1+1)-EAs for better Exploitation. From the experimental results, the exploration process using Gaussian Random Number (GRN) generator with exploitation procedure using Linear Regression (LR) model and Dependent Click (DC) model initialization in (1+1)-EAs outperformed other methods for evolving steps on training dataset. On the other hand, Levy Random Number generator with LR outperformed other methods used for results on unseen test datatset, while GRN is the strongest competitor compared to Levy for these Predictive rank results. Furthermore, state-of-the-art method in the previous studies Combining Simulated Annealing with (1+1)-Evolutionary Strategy outperformed the predictive ranking and evolving results on testing and training data for both with or without initialization by other Linear ranking compared to novel (1+1)-Evolutionary Gradient Strategy method and other (1+1)-Evolutionary Strategy. This paper demonstrated the results and findings obtained using MQ2008 dataset and providing their package codes.
Biofilm competency of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough facilitates colonization in the gut and represses adenoma development in a rat model of colon cancer
Authors: Amos-Landgraf James , busi Susheel , De Leόn Kara , Montonye Dan , Wall Judy
Published: September 2022

Sulfate-reducing bacteria including Desulfovibrio spp. have been associated with suppression of tumor incidence and growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) in human and animal studies. However, other studies suggest that Desulfovibrio spp. are decreased in healthy controls. To address this dichotomy, we treated a rat model of CRC with biofilm-forming and biofilm-deficient strains of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) to evaluate tumor development. The biofilm-forming DvH stably colonized the rat colon after neonatal administration. Contrarily, the biofilm-deficient strain was undetectable one-week after treatment. The colonic adenoma burden was significantly reduced in the biofilm-forming DvH treated rats compared to the control and biofilm-deficient group. In contrast, known mucin degrading bacteria were increased in the control groups correlating with increased expression of the colonic mucin gene, MUC2, and DNA repair genes MSH2, ATM, and MGMT. This indicates that sulfate reducing biofilm forming bacteria can colonize and protect the colonic epithelium from adenoma initiation.
Risk factors for prolonged postoperative ileus after intracranial tumor surgery
Authors: Miao Fangfang , Fan Long , Feng Xuexin , Feng Kunpeng , Jia Bin , Wang Tianlong
Published: September 2022

Background: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is the most frequent postoperative complication and significantly increases postoperative morbidity and medical costs. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence and independent risk factors of PPOI after intracranial tumor surgery, so as to allow for advanced planning to reduce the incidence of PPOI.Methods: After retrospective review of data from patients who underwent intracranial tumor surgery from January 2018 to March 2021, a total of 1135 patients (447 males and 688 females; median age 51 [41–61] years) were included in the study. Clinical parameters were compared between patients with PPOI and those without PPOI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with PPOI.Results: In total, 121 of 1135 (10.7%) patients experienced PPOI. Operation time ≥4 h (OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.07–2.74, p = 0.03) and no flatus within postoperative 24 h (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.25–2.76, p = 0.002) were the independent risk factors of PPOI. In addition, in-hospital length of stay was longer and medical costs were higher in patients with PPOI than in those without PPOI (all p < 0.001).Conclusions: Independent risk factors for PPOI are operation time ≥4 h and no flatus within postoperative 24 h. Patients with these risk factors should be carefully monitored, and steps such as attempting to shorten the duration of surgery and utilizing measures to facilitate flatus should be taken to minimize the development of PPOI and prevent the occurrence of secondary adverse events.Trial registration: The study protocol was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200057468) on 13/03/2022.
Correlation of hypothyroidism with evidence of coronary artery disease in the myocardial perfusion scan
Authors: Ghaedian Tahereh , Jabbedari Mohammad Hussein , Firuzyar Tahereh
Published: September 2022

Purpose Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases. There is evidence that hypothyroidism is related to a higher rate of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to assess the correlation of hypothyroidism with abnormal perfusion findings in MPI-SPECT images in patients with suspected CAD. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 188 patients with suspected CAD who underwent MPI were included and a thyroid function test (TFT) (TSH, total T4, and total T3) was performed. All patients were categorized in two groups of hypothyroidism and euthyroidism on the basis of the previous history of hypothyroidism and TFT. The frequency and prevalence of abnormal scans in both groups of this study were assessed. The correlation between TFT findings and MPI quantitative and semi-quantitative parameters was also evaluated. Results Of 188 cases, 48 patients (25.5%) were hypothyroid. In the hypothyroid group, on the basis of SSS and TPDs, 20 patients (41.7%) and 22 patients (45.8%) had abnormal perfusion scans, respectively, which was significantly higher than the euthyroid group. There were no significant differences between normal and hypothyroid groups according to frequency of patients’ cardiovascular risk factors, however, there were significant between the two groups with respect to variables of SSS (P < 0.05), SDS (P < 0.05), and TPDr (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hypothyroidism is associated with evidence of CAD in SPECT MPI and should be considered as an independent high-risk factor during interpretation of SPECT MPI.
Atomistic Assessment of Structural Evolution for Magnesium during Hypervelocity Nanoprojectile Penetration
Authors: Goswami Pragyan , Gupta Manoj , Pal Snehanshu
Published: September 2022

In the present study, the effect of ballistic penetration of a spherical projectile on a monocrystalline magnesium specimen is performed using Embedded Atom Method (EAM) potential in Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The dynamic investigation of structural evolution based on common neighbor analyses and Wigner-Seitz defect analysis are carried out for the varying depth of penetration and velocities of the projectile ( v = 2 km/s, 6 km/s, and 10 km/s). It is found that the extent of amorphization in the specimen is more in the case of higher depth and lower projectile velocity. Voronoi cluster analyses are also done to identify cluster distribution and their transformation during ballistic penetration, which is accompanied by atomic strain and displacement vector evaluation to give light to the effect of shear strain and displacement of atoms respectively. According to Voronoi cluster analysis, Voronoi Polyhedra having <0,4,4,6> and <0,6,0,8> exhibits a higher population during hypervelocity projectile penetration. The findings have potential applications in hypervelocity applications such as defense and space technologies.
Enhancement of System Reconfigurability through Modularizing System Architecture: A Paradigm to Engineering Design for Adaptability
Authors: Mollajan Ali , Shahdadi AmirHossein , Ashofteh Afshin , Hamedani-KarAzmoudehFar Fatemeh , Iranmanesh Seyed Hossein
Published: September 2022

The present study addresses ‘system adaptability’ requirement in engineering systems and highlights importance of realizing ‘reconfigurability’ characteristic in system architecture where engineering design for system adaptability is interested. This study develops a matrix-based probabilistic definition for the system reconfigurability and proposes modularization of physical architecture of the system as an effective design solution for fulfilling system reconfigurability and adaptability requirements. To modularize the physical architecture, Design Structure Matrix (DSM) method is employed. Moreover, information axiom of Axiomatic Design (AD) theory is also utilized to develop helpful indicators for evaluating the adaptability characteristic for the architecture and support engineering designers to make sound decisions in design for adaptability. To verify the developed methodology, ‘manufacturing information system’ (MIS), an integrated information system which is to support entire manufacturing processes, in a real case (Barez Industrial Group in Iran) is addressed and design of the physical architecture for this system is studied. A new optimally modularized design for the physical architecture of the MIS of interest is finally presented and examined. Results of the indicators reflecting reconfigurability and adaptability of the architecture indicate that the new proposed design of the MIS is highly capable of coping with the rapidly changing manufacturing environment.
Level Of Knowledge About Anaphylaxis and Its Management Among Doctors
Authors: KAYA Saltuk Buğra , ALAYLAR Yücel
Published: September 2022

Background/aim: This study aims to assess the level of knowledge of doctors on anaphylaxis and its management at a tertiary care teaching hospital.Materials and Methods: A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered to the doctor, assistant doctor and specialist doctor. Volunteers were asked to answer a questionnaire containing questions about anaphylaxis and its management. The questionnaire was administered face to face.Results: Of the eighty-five participants, 8 participants are general practitioners, twenty-six participants are resident doctors, and fifty-one participants are specialists doctors. Seventy-one participants stated that they had experienced anaphylaxis before. Nine of the participants stated that there was no training for anaphylaxis in medical school. Only 4 of the participants correctly answered the diagnostic criteria of anaphylaxis. Seventy-two participants did not consider cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system symptoms and signs as anaphylaxis diagnostic criteria. Sixty-five participants selected intramuscular adrenaline, 4 participants selected intravenous adrenaline, 4 participants selected both intravenous and intramuscular adrenaline for first treatment of anaphilaxis. After anaphylaxis shock, sixty-nine participants stated that the patient should be kept under observation for 8-24 hours.Conclusion: Knowledge regarding anaphylaxis and its management is a basic requirement that every health care provider must acquire for the appropriate treatment of all patients. We show that there was no statistical relationship between professional experience, branches and the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis. We think that it would be beneficial to provide physicians with in service training regarding the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis.
Role of community participation on covid-19 epidemics: a national-based interventional study
Authors: Soori Hamid
Published: September 2022

Background
Community participation can be very effective in crisis situations like the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the effectiveness of community engagement in this pandemic is not well studied, particularly in low and middle-income countries.
Objective
To evaluate the role of this community-based intervention on covid-19 epidemics outcomes in Iran.
Methods
Three categories of interventions (supportive, caring, and supervisory) were carried out using volunteer forces, organized in neighborhood-based teams during the Covid-19 epidemic in Iran started in November 2020. The evaluation was conducted 4 months later. Different data resources, including information on outpatients, hospitalizations, and medical care monitoring center (McMc) were employed. The basic reproductive rate (R0) was calculated, and other statistical-epidemiological analyzes such as time series, Regression analysis, and Basic generator size were also used.
Results
Deaths per day declined from 479 to 75 within the study period. R0 decreased from 1.26 to 0.86. PCR tests reached from 661 to 1601 /100000. The incidence rate of the disease reached 0.2 per hundred thousand people to 0.05 per hundred thousand people. The number of hospitalizations from Covid-19 decreased from 3044 to 417 before and after the community-based interventions.
Conclusion
Epidemic management when combined with community participation can be very effective in crisis situations. Strengthening the disease care system and more supervision in the implementation of the strategy and having an effective relationship with the doctors of the private sector to comply with the national protocol, an effective step will be taken towards the control of this disease and finally its elimination.
Analysis of the efficacy of the da Vinci robot in surgery for posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumors
Authors: Hong Ziqiang , CUI Baiqiang , Yang Ning , Sheng Yannan , BAI Xiangdou , JIN Dacheng , GOU Yunjiu
Published: September 2022

Background: The present research is designed to evaluate the short-term outcome of robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) for the treatment of posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumours. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data on 35 consecutive patients with mediastinal neurogenic tumors after RATS treatment completed by the same operator in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from January 2016 to June 2022. There were 19 males and 16 females with a mean age of (34.9±7.1) years in this analysis report. The tumor of the patients were localized and evaluated preoperatively using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or enhanced CT. Results: All 35 patients successfully underwent the resection of posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumors under RATS, and no conversion to thoracotomy occurred during the operations. The average operative time was (62.3±18.0) min, the average docking time was (10.3±2.6) min, the average intraoperative bleeding was (33.9±21.6) ml, the average 24-hour postoperative chest drainage was (69.0±28.9) ml, the average postoperative chest drainage time was (2.2±1.4) days and the average post-operative hospital stay was (3.2±1.3) days. Postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients, including 2 patients with transient Honor syndrome after surgery and 1 patient with transient anhidrosis of the affected upper limb after surgery. [1]Conclusion: RATS for posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumours is safe, effective, feasible and bring the superiority of robotic surgical system into full play.1The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
Application of Machine Learning in Prediction of COVID-19 Diagnosis for Indonesian Healthcare Workers
Authors: Sonthalia Shreyash , Muharrom Muhammad Aji , Sani Levana , Khaimani Jatin , Herlinda Olivia , Sumulyo Sinta Amalia Kusumastuti , Kamilah Fariza Zahra , Hapsari Rebriarina , Irwanto Astrid , Aldila Fatma , Rabbani Bijak , Tirtawisata Andhika , Luntungan Nurul , Saminarsih Diah , Taher Akmal
Published: September 2022

Background: In developing countries like Indonesia, limited resources for routine mass Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) RT-PCR testing among healthcare workers leave them with a heightened risk of late detection and undetected infection, increasing the spread of the virus. Accessible and accurate methodologies must be developed to identify COVID-19 positive healthcare workers. This study aimed to investigate the application of machine learning classifiers to predict the risk of COVID-19 positivity in high-risk populations where resources are limited and accessibility is desired.
Methods: Two sets of models were built: one both trained and tested on data from healthcare workers in Jakarta and Semarang, and one trained on Jakarta healthcare workers and tested on Semarang healthcare workers. Models were assessed by the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC), average precision (AP), and Brier score (BS). Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) were used to analyze feature importance. 5,394 healthcare workers were included in the final dataset for this study.
Results: For the full model, the voting classifier composed of random forest and logistic regression was selected as the algorithm of choice and achieved training AUC (mean [Standard Deviation (SD)], 0.832 [0.033]) and AP (mean [SD], 0.476 [0.042]) and was high performing during testing with AUC and AP of 0.753 and 0.504 respectively. A voting classifier composed of a random forest and a XGBoost classifier was best performing during cross-validation for the Jakarta model, with AUC (mean [SD], 0.827 [0.023]), AP (mean [SD], 0.461 [0.025]). The performance when testing on the Semarang healthcare workers was AUC of 0.725 and AP of 0.582.
Conclusions: Our models yielded high predictive performance and can be used as an alternate COVID-19 screening methodology for healthcare workers in Indonesia, although the low adoption rate by partner hospitals despite its usefulness is a concern.
Precision inspection of transparent component quality
Authors: MEZIANE RAHIMA , Meguellati Said , Messagier Meriem
Published: September 2022

In this work, a method using transmission interferometry is proposed to detect surface defects on transparent materials. This technique is non-destructive and non-contact for the analysis of transparent and optical components whose surfaces vary from a few mm2 to larger sizes. The purpose of this method is to provide, a means as simple as possible to identify defects with low contrast, and in particular barely visible defects, and of differentiate between the defects. The constructed transmission system generates fringes by the superposition of two microscopic periodic structures. According to the method, the test structure deforms after passing through the object. The information about surface defects is obtained from the object analyzed, and superposed on reference structure similar to test structure. Then, fringes are collected with information transported in the variation of their form. It is possible to clearly identify microscopic and submicroscopic defects thanks to the implementation of high-resolution detection in the nanoscale. The magnifying properties of the technique, up to 1000 times, allow better observation of defects which facilitates the automation of measurements and controls. Therefore, the proposed method can be suitable for the detection of surface defects in transparent optical objects such as optical films, lenses, prisms.
Shifts in COVID-19 Vaccine acceptance rates among African countries: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Yejoon , Woo Wongi , Kipkorir Vincent , Rahmati Masoud , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Seung Won , Koyanagi Ai , Shin Jae Il , Smith Lee
Published: September 2022

Objective: To provide a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates in African countries and their predictors.Methods: Fifteen studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate s in African countries were reviewed in the Medline database via PubMed. Meta-analysis investigated the summary effect and inter-study heterogeneity of vaccine acceptance rates and influential factors.Results: Overall, the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 71% (95% CI 64-77). As time passed, the vaccine acceptance rate decreased (second half of 2020: 81%, first half of 2021: 67%). Also, the vaccine acceptance rates in urban areas were higher than in rural areas (urban: 82%, rural: 72%). When considering region, vaccine acceptance rates in Eastern and Southern African countries were higher than in Western and North African countries (East: 72%, South: 72%, West: 60%, North: 52%). Finally, factors such as older age, male sex, and wealth were identified as factors associated with a more acceptive attitude toward vaccination.Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates demonstrated shifts and was affected by several factors. The rates decreased over time, were lower in rural (vs. urban) settings, and were relatively low in Northern and West African countries (vs. Southern and East African countries). We also found differences in vaccine acceptance rates by some socio-demographic characteristics. Targeting these characteristics, devising strategies to improve vaccine uptake in Africa could help improve vaccination rates.
Detection of Abnormal Behaviour of Wireless Sensors in School Buildings Using Dynamic Time Warping
Authors: Wickramasinghe Ashani , Muthukumarana Saman , Loewen Daniel , Schaubroeck Matt , Wanasundara Surajith N.
Published: September 2022

An anomaly is an observation that highly deviates from other observations. These anomalies create abnormal time series that are different from a collection of other time series. Data collected using wireless sensors, such as temperature and humidity, can provide insight into a building's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. When using sensors that are properly designed, installed and calibrated the indoor environmental quality of a building can be measured. This will allow anomalies to be identified through sensor measurements, which point to areas with poor design or insufficient maintenance. Identifying these can improve both thermal comfort and energy efficiency and improve building performance. In this study, we applied the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) based anomaly detection method to identify anomalies and introduced a scoring method to identify abnormal sensors. The number of anomalies, vertical distance to an anomaly point, and DTW distance was considered to identify abnormal sensors. Then we used high-resolution temperature measurements from two school buildings using wireless sensors to evaluate the performance of the developed scoring method. Based on the results, visually we could observe that the method accurately detects the abnormal sensors.
Role of the endothelial reverse mode sodium-calcium exchanger in the dilation of the rat middle cerebral artery during hypoosmotic hyponatremia
Authors: Katarzyna Klapczynska , Marta Aleksandrowicz , Ewa Kozniewska
Published: September 2022

The decrease in serum sodium ions concentration below 135 mmol L− 1 is usually accompanied by a decrease in plasma osmolality (hypoosmotic hyponatremia) and leads to the disorder of intracranial homeostasis mainly due to the cellular swelling. Recently, using in vitro model of hypoosmotic hyponatremia, we have found that a decrease in sodium ions concentration in the perfusate to 121 mmol L− 1 relaxes the isolated rat middle cerebral artery (MCA). The aim of present study was to explore the mechanism responsible for this relaxation. Isolated, pressurized and perfused MCAs placed in a vessel chamber were subjected to a decrease of sodium ions concentration to 121 mmol L− 1. The changes in the diameter of the vessels were monitored with a video camera. The removal of the endothelium, inhibition of nitric oxide-dependent signaling or reverse mode sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) were used to study the mechanism of the dilation of the vessel during hyponatremia. The dilation of the MCA (19 ± 5%, p < 0.005) in low sodium buffer was absent after removal of the endothelium or administration of the inhibitor of the reverse mode of sodium-calcium exchange, and was reversed to constriction after the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling. The dilation of the middle cerebral artery of the rat in 121 mM Na+ buffer depends on the endothelium, NO signaling and reverse mode of sodium-calcium exchange. Hyponatremia may constrict large cerebral arteries with impaired NO-dependent signaling and add to vascular spasm such as the one observed in the late phase after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Bioinformatics-based analysis of key genes in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head that are associated with copper metabolism
Authors: Qi Baochuang , Li Chuan , Cai Xingbo , Xu Yongqing , Guo Minzheng , Tang Zhifang , Bo Pengfei , Pu Luqiao
Published: September 2022

Background: The copper metabolism may play a role in angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, the relationship between copper metabolism and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) still remains unclear.Methods: The GSE123568 dataset and 2062 copper metabolism-related genes (CMRGs) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and GeneCards databases, respectively. The differentially expressed copper metabolism-related SONFH genes (DE-CMR-SONFHGs) were identified by differential analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). The Least-Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms were employed to screen key DE-CMR-SONFHGs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and functional enrichment analysis were performed on the key genes. Targeting drugs were predicted with The Drug Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb). The correlation between key SONFH genes and copper death-related genes was calculated by Pearson method. The result of bioinformatics analysis were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR).Results: A total of 106 DE-CMR-SONFHGs were identified. Then, 2 key genes (PNP and SLC2A1) were identified by LASSO and SVM algorithms. The ROC curves of PNP and SLC2A1 indicated that they had diagnostic value in distinguishing SONFH from control samples. Additionally, 20 immune cell populations had notably different abundances between the SONFH and control samples. PNP showed the most significant correlations with plasmacytoid dendritic cells and CD56bright natural killer cells, and SLC2A1 expression showed the most significant correlations with T follicular helper cells and T helper 17 cells. Moreover, 11 drugs that target PNP and 5 drugs that target SLC2A1 were identified. Four copper death-related genes (LIPT1, DLD, PDHB, and MTF1) were upregulated in the disease samples. The qRT‒PCR results showed that PNP and SLC2A1 expression was downregulated and that the copper death-related genes DLD, PDHB and MTF1, which are closely related to these two key genes, were notably highly expressed in the peripheral blood of SONFH patients. These findings were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results.Conclusions: Copper homeostatic imbalance may be involved in the process of SONFH. PNP and SLC2A1 were confirmed to be key genes related to SONFH, and these genes may provide insights for the treatment of SONFH.
Hydrogels Based on Polyacrylamide and Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials for Adsorption of a Cationic Dye
Authors: Silveira Tiago , Caliman Vinicius , Silva Glaura Goulart
Published: September 2022

Malachite green (MG) is used for the dyeing of cotton, paper, and jute, among other materials, and presents acute toxicity to a wide range of aquatic and terrestrial animals. A polyacrylamide (PA) hydrogel modified with a low content of oxygenated and aminated carbon nanomaterials may be a suitable candidate to adsorb MG from wastewater. Herein, modified graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were incorporated during the in situ polymerization of PAM. The swelling and adsorption capacity were investigated to explore the influences of different carbon dimensionalities (1D and 2D), zeta potentials and nanofiller concentrations on the adsorption behavior of the hydrogel. There was an increase of approximately 1,500% in the adsorption capacity after 24 h of exposure of a hydrogel with graphene oxide (GO) at 0.25 wt% with respect to the neat PA. Aminated graphene produced similar gains in the adsorption capacity of the GO-hydrogel, although it presents a positive zeta potential that is the opposite of that of GO. The modified CNTs showed smaller gains in the adsorption capacity, reaching a maximum 400% increase with respect to the PA hydrogel. The main factors that seem to affect the adsorption capacity were the dimensionality and degree of functionalization. The graphene-based nanofillers were 3 to 4 times more functionalized than the nanotubes. The adsorption results were adjusted with a pseudo-second order kinetic model that allowed a complementary discussion about the nature of the physico-chemical effects on the process of MG adsorption in the hydrogel nanocomposites.
A mitochondria-targeted molecular phototheranostics platform for NIR-II imaging-guided synergistic photothermal /photodynamic /immune therapy
Authors: Yang Sha , Wu Guilong , Li Na , Wang Minghui , Wu Peixian , He Yuxuan , Zhou Wei , Xiao Hao , Tan Xiaofeng , Tang Li , Yang Qinglai
Published: September 2022

Phototherapy is a conducive and non-invasive strategy for cancer therapy under light irradiation. Inspiringly, fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000~1700 nm) holds a great promise for imaging-guided phototherapy with deep penetration and high spatiotemporal resolution. However, most phototherapeutics still face great challenges, including complicated synthesis of agents, potential biotoxicity and unsatisfied therapeutic outcomes. Herein, a near-infrared (NIR: 808 nm) triggered molecular photosensitizer FEPT, modified with Triphenylphosphine PEGylation (PEG2000-TPP), is developed for NIR-II imaging-guided mitochondria-targeting synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT)/immune therapy (IMT). The mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer FEPT can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperpyrexia upon 808 nm laser irradiation, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and photo-induced apoptosis via caspase-3 pathway, and further to boost highly efficient immunogenic cell death (ICD) toward outstanding anticancer immune response with the in-situ enhancement in PDT and PTT. Hence, this work provides a practicable strategy to develop a molecular phototheranostic platform for imaging-guided cancer therapy via mitochondria-targeting.
Response of cotton genotypes to water-deficit stress using drought tolerance indices and principal component analysis
Authors: Yehia Waleed , El-Hashash Essam Fathy
Published: September 2022

Background
Drought impacts on cotton cultivation and production are expected to worsen as a result of global warming and water-deficit stress. Drought tolerance indices and PCA analysis were used to evaluate drought stress responses in eleven cotton genotypes and fifteen indices' ability to identify drought-tolerant genotypes under normal and drought circumstances.
Results
Seed cotton yield (Kentar/Feddan) was significantly affected by genotypes, years, and their interaction (p ≤ 0.05 or 0.01) under normal and water-deficit stress conditions, according to the combined ANOVA. Except for error variance, all genetic parameters studied for seed cotton yield were higher under normal irrigation conditions than under water-deficit stress conditions. According to PCA analysis, The STI, MP, GMP, HM, ATI, SSPI, and TOL are suitable indicators and were similar in their ability to screen, rank, and detect tolerant genotypes, due to positive correlations among each other and also the highest association with seed cotton yield in both irrigation conditions. The genotypes G4, G9, and G10 (Group A) seemed to be the most drought-tolerant and cotton productive based on mean performance, GxY heatmap analysis, drought tolerance indices, and PCA analysis.
Conclusions
The results of our study, drought tolerance indices and PCA could be useful and appropriate for studying drought tolerance mechanisms and cotton yield improvement in Egypt.
Exploration of HSPC aging mechanism based upon in vitro cell modeling and MDS clinical sampling
Authors: Hu Haiyan , Song Xiangrong , Zhao Lin , Hu Lanyue , Xu Chu , Lin Yanjuan , Zhou Manying , Lian Xiaolan , Zhang Lina
Published: September 2022

Background The pathogenetic mechanisms of Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) were undefined. Hematopoietic senescence was manifested by association with malignant myeloid blood diseases, aging and immune dysfunction. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) aging was the primary determinant of hematopoietic senescence.MethodsIn current study, we used an in vitro HSPC aging mouse model that readily enabled the gather of a large number of aging HSPCs. The followed studies covered mRNA splicing and epigenetics (H3K27me3) relevant to HSPC aging, with methods such as Cut-tag, SA-β-gal assay, CFU-mix assay, RNA-seq, and RNAi knock down (KD). ResultsThe results showed that HSPC aging associated down-regulation of SR and hnRNPs family genes and mRNA splicing inhibitor (SSA) elicited HSPC aging-like phenotype. Cut-tag assay demonstrated that HSPCs aging was linked to global decline in H3K27me3 levels, which however, was systemically up-regulated in occupying the promoter of SR family and hnRNPs family genes. In addition, HSPCs aging exhibited alterations in the splicing patterns of TSS and SKIP.ConclusionsTogether, we proposed the linkages of HSPCs aging with epigenetic repression of SR and HnRNPs genes and inhibition of mRNA splicing pathway to alter TSS and SKIP-relevant alternative splicing. Our study provided insights to the etiopathology of MDS by exposing its connections to HSPC aging.
xCT-mediated glutamate excretion in white adipocytes stimulates interferon-γ production by natural killer cells in obesity
Authors: Kim Hee-Hoon , Shim Young-Ri , Kim Ha Neul , Yang Keungmo , Ryu Tom , Kim Kyurae , Choi Sung Eun , Kim Min Jeong , Woo Chaerin , Chung Katherine Po Sin , Hong Song Hwa , Jung Jaeone , Jung Youngae , Hwang Geum-Sook , Kim Won , Kim Seok-Hwan , Eun Hyuk Soo , Seong Je Kyung , Jeong Won-Il
Published: September 2022

Obesity-mediated hypoxic stress underlies inflammatory responses, including interferon (IFN)-γ production by natural killer (NK) cells in white adipose tissue. However, the effects of obesity on NK cell IFN-γ production remain obscure. We demonstrate that hypoxia promotes xCT-mediated glutamate excretion and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) expression in hypertrophic adipocytes, leading to NK cell recruitment. Interestingly, the spatial proximity between NK cells and xCT-expressing adipocytes increases IFN-γ production by stimulating metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in NK cells, and IFN-γ further augments the expression of xCT and CXCL12 in adipocytes. Consequently, this vicious cycle promotes adipose tissue expansion and inflammation. In contrast, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of xCT, mGluR5, or IFN-γ receptor in adipocytes or NK cells combats obesity and hepatic steatosis and improves glucose tolerance in male mice. Our findings posit that adipose glutamate-induced activation of mGluR5 in NK cells is a novel therapeutic target in obesity-related metabolic disorders.
An efficient approach for large-scale image-to-video retrieval with convolutional neural network features
Authors: Gharahsouflou Aboulfazl , Maihami Vafa , Khamforoosh Keyhan
Published: September 2022

In recent years, inspired by the remarkable success in deep learning, many deep neural networks (DNN)-based methods have been proposed to solve the problem by intersection analysis. These approaches, for their enormous nonlinear learning capacity, show superior performance in cross-retrieval tasks compared to traditional cross-retrieval methods. Due to the increased amount of information for information recovery and limited storage capacity, the extraction of key-frame for videos and key feature extraction is becoming a fundamental challenge. In this paper, we have investigated the image-to-video retrieval challenge, and a new convolutional neural network (CNN)-based visual search system is presented to find similar videos in an extensive database based on the target image. Our framework includes a key frame extraction algorithm and feature aggregation strategy. Specifically, in the key frame extraction algorithm, by taking advantage of the extracted objects in each image, we present a new scheme to extract the features of each form. Therefore the redundant information in the video data will be removed, and the storage cost will also be reduced to an acceptable level. The feature aggregation strategy uses deep-local-complex feature fusion, which enables fast retrieval in a large-scale video database. The results of extensive experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance and accuracy compared to other advanced visual search methods.
Bacteriological Profile, Culture, Sensitivity, and Associated Factors of Bacterial Conjunctivitis Among Patients Attending Eye Clinic at a Tertiary Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Mohamed Abdulsalam Ahmed , Atukunda Immaculate , Sereke Senai Goitom , Orishaba Philip , Kajumbula Henry , Nakiyingi Lydia , Rebecca Claire Lusobya
Published: September 2022

Background: An estimated 30 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa are affected by conjunctivitis and untreated conjunctivitis poses an increased risk of developing keratitis and corneal ulcerations which could result in blindness and visual impairment. Despite the commonality of the disease in this region, there is a paucity of studies on the occurrence and associated factors of bacterial conjunctivitis. This study sought to determine the bacteriological profile, culture, sensitivity, and factors associated with bacterial conjunctivitis among patients seen in the eye clinic at Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH).Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among participants who presented to the eye clinic of MNRH with eye discharge, irritation, tearing, and red eyes, between January and March 2020. Findings of slit-lamp biomicroscopy were recorded. Conjunctival swabs were taken from participants for laboratory analysis to establish the bacterial profiles and antibiotic susceptibility.Results: A total of 82 participants were enrolled in the study. The median age was 30 years (IQR 16-48). Forty-two (51%) had bacterial conjunctivitis and the majority had unilateral disease (n=72, 87.8%). Participants aged 10-24.9 years had a higher prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis compared to those aged 25 and above (aPR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.18-3.03, p = 0.008). The commonest bacteria was S. aureus (n=24, 57.1%) and were sensitive to ciprofloxacin with resistance percentages less than 20%. Almost 95% of the bacteria were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and 90% were susceptible to chloramphenicol. Conclusions: Bacterial conjunctivitis was mainly caused by gram-positive bacteria, especially S. aureus. Age was significantly associated with bacterial conjunctivitis. Most of the bacteria were sensitive to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and clindamycin.
Transcription factor EB improves ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction by regulating the autophagy pathway
Authors: Liu Cong , Zhou DaWang , Zhang Qiang , Wei HongYan , Lu YuanZheng , Li Bo , Zhan HaoHong , Cheng JingGe , Wang ChuYue , Yang YiLin , Li ShuHao , Hu ChunLin , liao xiaoxing
Published: September 2022

Background Adverse left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) compromises cardiac function and increases heart failure risk. Till now, comprehension of the role transcription factor EB (TFEB) plays after MI is limited.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the effects of TFEB on cell death and fibroblast differentiation after MI.MethodsAAV9 mediated up- and down-regulated TFEB expressions were generated in C57BL/6 mice two weeks before the MI modeling. Echocardiography, Masson, HE, Sirius red staining immunofluorescence, and wheat germ agglutinin staining were performed at 3 days, and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after MI modeling. Fibroblasts and myocytes collected from SD neonatal rats were transfected by adenovirus and siRNA, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), Cell Proliferation EdU Image (EDU), immunofluorescence, and Transwell assay were conducted. Myocardial fibrosis-related proteins and autophagy-related protein were identified by Western blot.ResultsThe up-regulation of TFEB resulted in reduced myocardial cell death, delayed fibroblasts proliferation and its differentiation into myofibroblasts, and up-regulated expression of LC3B three days after MI. Similar results were observed in vitro studies. Meanwhile, a significant up-regulation of EF, decrease in the ratio of the infarction length, and decreased protein level of collagen III were observed four weeks after MI modeling. The over-expression of TFEB slowed down myofibroblast migration and resulted in a significant down-regulation of collagen I level in myofibroblasts.ConclusionsTFEB demonstrated potential in improving cell death after MI by mediating autophagy and regulating fibroblast proliferation and transformation. Its molecular impacting mechanism deems further investigation.