bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Care Access, Utilization, and Cancer Screening Among Low-Income Latina Women
Authors: Mojica Cynthia M. , Flores Bertha , Ketchum Norma S. , Liang Yuanyuan
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

Cancer screening reduces mortality rates for breast, cervical, and colon cancer. Yet cancer screening rates for Latina women are lower than for non-Latino Whites, and below Healthy People 2020 goals. Additionally, Latinos face many health care access barriers. This study examined health care access and utilization in relation to cancer screening among low-income Latina women recruited from a high-risk area and enrolled in a navigation-plus-education intervention.

Methods:

Latina women considered rarely or never screened for breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer were recruited from community-based organizations and events (N = 691). We gathered self-reported survey data on insurance status, usual source of care, health care utilization, and cancer screening behavior. We conducted multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios of receipt of at least one cancer screening test.

Results:

Overall, 28% of women received at least one cancer screening test. Results indicated that women without insurance (odds ratio [OR] = 2.08; confidence interval [CI] = 1.09, 3.98) and without a doctor’s visit in the past year (OR = 2.02; CI = 1.28, 3.18), compared with their counterparts, had greater odds of receiving at least one screening test.

Conclusion:

Findings highlight the continued need to explore ways to support uninsured individuals’ screening efforts and further investigate barriers among insured women who are not up-to-date with screenings.
Proactive routing mutation against stealthy Distributed Denial of Service attacks: metrics, modeling, and analysis
Authors: Duan Qi , Al-Shaer Ehab , Chatterjee Samrat , Halappanavar Mahantesh , Oehmen Christopher
Published: October 2017

Infrastructure Distributed Denial of Service (IDDoS) attacks continue to be one of the most devastating challenges facing cyber systems. The new generation of IDDoS attacks exploits the inherent weakness of cyber infrastructure, including the deterministic nature of routing, skewed distribution of flows, and Internet ossification to discover the network critical links and launch highly stealthy flooding attacks that are not observable at the victim’s end.

In this paper, first, we propose a new metric to quantitatively measure the potential susceptibility of any arbitrary target server or domain to stealthy IDDoS attacks, and estimate the impact of such susceptibility on enterprises. Second, we develop proactive route mutation techniques to minimize the susceptibility to these attacks by dynamically changing the flow paths periodically to invalidate the adversary knowledge about the network and avoid targeted critical links. Our proposed approach actively changes these network paths while satisfying security and Quality of Service requirements. We implemented the proactive path mutation technique on a Software Defined Network using the OpenDaylight controller to demonstrate a feasible deployment of this approach. Our evaluation validates the correctness, effectiveness, and scalability of the proposed approaches.
The Success Rate of Neurology Residents in EEG Interpretation After Formal Training
Authors: Dericioglu Nese , Ozdemir Pınar
Published: October 2017

EEG is an important tool for neurologists in both diagnosis and classification of seizures. It is not uncommon in clinical practice to see patients who were erroneously diagnosed as epileptic. Most of the time incorrect interpretation of EEG contributes significantly to this problem. In this study, we aimed to investigate the success rate of neurology residents in EEG interpretation after formal training. Eleven neurology residents were included in the study. Duration of EEG training (3 vs 4 months) and time since completion of EEG education were determined. Residents were randomly presented 30 different slides of representative EEG screenshots. They received 1 point for each correct response. The effect of training duration and time since training were investigated statistically. Besides, we looked at the success rate of each question to see whether certain patterns were more readily recognized than others. EEG training duration ( P = .93) and time since completion of training ( P = .16) did not influence the results. The success rate of residents for correct responses was between 17% and 50%. On the other hand, the success rate for each question varied between 0% and 91%. Overall, benign variants and focal ictal onset patterns were the most difficult to recognize. On 13 occasions (6.5%) nonepileptiform patterns were thought to represent epileptiform abnormalities. After formal training, neurology residents could identify ≤50% of the EEG patterns correctly. The wide variation in success rate among residents and also between questions implies that both personal characteristics and inherent EEG features influence successful EEG interpretation.
Changing Course in Jefferson City: Reevaluating a District Initiative to Convert Under-Enrolled Elementary Schools
Authors: Lochmiller Chad R.
Published: October 2017

This case positions the reader as the superintendent of Jefferson City Public Schools (pseudonym). Like many urban school districts in the United States, Jefferson City faces a complex milieu of fiscal challenges attributed to inadequate state funding and declining student enrollment. Within this case, the superintendent must address the failing implementation of a district-wide initiative, which converted K-5 elementary schools to K-8 combination schools in response to declining middle school enrollment. The case invites the reader to consider how the district might engage in strategic planning to revise or eliminate the initiative. The case is appropriate for use in administrator preparation programs, particularly those preparing district-level administrators.
Men’s Perceptions of Women’s Participation in Development Initiatives in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Rabiul , Lindberg Lene , Wamala Sarah , Emmelin Maria
Published: October 2017

Without taking masculine issues into account, women’s participation in development initiatives does not always guarantee their empowerment, health, and welfare in a male-dominated society. This study aimed to explore men’s perceptions of women’s participation in development (WPD) in rural Bangladesh. In adopting a qualitative approach, the study examined 48 purposively selected married and unmarried men aged 20–76 years in three northwest villages. Data collection was accomplished through four focus group discussions (FGDs) with 43 men clustered into four groups and through individual interviews with five other men. A qualitative content analysis of the data revealed an overall theme of “feeling challenged by fears and hopes,” indicating variations in men’s views on women’s participation in development initiatives as represented by three main categories: (a) fearing the loss of male authority, (b) recognizing women’s roles in enhancing family welfare, and (c) valuing women’s independence. In the context of dominant patriarchal traditions in Bangladesh, these findings provide new insight into dynamics and variations of men’s views, suggesting a need to better engage men during different stages of women-focused development initiatives.
Implementing pseudo haptic feedback in a semi-isometric master interface for robotic surgery
Authors: Kim In , Tadano Kotaro , Kanno Takahiro , Kawashima Kenji
Published: October 2017

We have developed a master interface that uses an isometric velocity control technique for translation and an anisometric position control technique for rotation. Using the developed interface, the operator can concentrate on the slave side and control the robot without repositioning required in conventional master arm due to the workspace limitation. However, it cannot display haptic to the operator for the translation directions with the manipulator. In this article, we propose a method to feedback the external force on the slave side to the master manipulator without using actuators or link mechanism but using a pseudo haptic effect. A flexible wrist joint with a spring is used at the tip of the slave forceps to enhance visual effect. The spring stiffness is pneumatically controlled. At the same time, we change the reference velocity of the slave according to the external force applied to the slave manipulator. The changed velocity caused by the external force restrains the slave motion. Using both the visual feedback and the motion restrain, the master–slave system is able to display force to the operator as pseudo haptic feedback without actuators. Experiments of pulling suture threads are executed using the developed master–slave surgical robot. It is confirmed that the master–slave system with pseudo haptic feedback can decrease the variance of force.
A MapReduce-based improvement algorithm for DBSCAN
Authors: Hu Xiaojuan , Liu Lei , Qiu Ningjia , Yang Di , Li Meng
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes an improved adaptive density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm based on genetic algorithm and MapReduce parallel computing programming framework to improve the poor clustering effect and low efficiency of the DBSCAN algorithm, which due to experiential solving parameters. The size of Intensive Interval Threshold minPts and Scan Radius Eps would be rational planned by genetic algorithm iterative optimization, and it is secondary statute processing with the similarity and variability of the dataset and the efficient computing power of Hadoop Cluster. The data could be reasonable serialization, and the efficient adaptive parallel clustering could be achieved ultimately. Through the experimental results, it is shown that the proposed algorithm in this paper has higher clustering accuracy and execution efficiency than that of the comparison baselines. The trend will continue to grow with the increased volume of dataset. The improved algorithm provides a more accurate implementation method for the threshold of DBSCAN algorithm, and realizes the specific calculation process, which provides practice support for the realization of DBSCAN.
Passive control of instabilities in combustion systems with heat exchanger
Authors: Surendran Aswathy , Heckl Maria A , Hosseini Naseh , Teerling Omke Jan
Published: October 2017

One of the major concerns in the operability of power generation systems is their susceptibility to combustion instabilities. In this work, we explore whether a heat exchanger, an integral component of a domestic boiler, can be made to act as a passive controller that suppresses combustion instabilities. The combustor is modelled as a quarter-wave resonator (1-D, open at one end, closed at the other) with a compact heat source inside, which is modelled by a time-lag law. The heat exchanger is modelled as an array of tubes with bias flow and is placed near the closed end of the resonator, causing it to behave like a cavity-backed slit plate: an effective acoustic absorber. For simplicity and ease of analysis, we treat the physical processes of heat transfer and acoustic scattering occurring at the heat exchanger as two individual processes separated by an infinitesimal distance. The aeroacoustic response of the tube array is modelled using a quasi-steady approach and the heat transfer across the heat exchanger is modelled by assuming it to be a heat sink. Unsteady numerical simulations were carried out to obtain the heat exchanger transfer function, which is the response of the heat transfer at heat exchanger to upstream velocity perturbations. Combining the aeroacoustic response and the heat exchanger transfer function, in the limit of the distance between these processes tending to zero, gives the net influence of the heat exchanger. Other parameters of interest are the heat source location and the cavity length (the distance between the tube array and the closed end). We then construct stability maps for the first resonant mode of the aforementioned combustor configuration, for various parameter combinations. Our model predicts that stability can be achieved for a wide range of parameters.
The Elicitation of Frontline, Customer-Contact, Hotel Employee Innovative Behavior: Illuminating the Central Roles of Readiness for Change and Absorptive Capacity
Authors: Chang Song , Way Sean A. , Cheng Derek H. K.
Published: October 2017

Although service innovations have been recognized to be important for the long-term strategic success of hospitality firms, to date, the elicitation of innovative behavior has received little attention in the extant hospitality research literature. In the current study, we used a matched set of responses from 294 frontline, customer-contact, hotel employees and their direct supervisors to address this lack. Consistent with extant human resource management (HRM) studies that have advocated the agent-centered perspective, this study’s results illuminate a causal chain through which employee self-reported (Time 1, Source 1) perceived high-investment human resource practices (HIHRP) augments individual frontline, customer-contact, hotel employee supervisor-rated (Time 2, Source 2) innovative behavior. This study contributes to the extant hospitality and HRM research literatures by elucidating individual hotel employee self-reported perceived HIHRP as a key proximal determinant and individual hotel employee supervisor-rated innovative behavior as a key proximal consequence of two positive organizationally relevant individual-level psychological outcomes: that is, frontline, customer-contact, hotel employee self-reported readiness for change and absorptive capacity. Findings, implications, and limitations as well as avenues for future research are discussed.
The Fate of an Amazonian Savanna: Government Land-Use Planning Endangers Sustainable Development in Amapá, the Most Protected Brazilian State
Authors: Hilário Renato R. , de Toledo José Julio , Mustin Karen , Castro Isaí J. , Costa-Neto Salustiano V. , Kauano Érico E. , Eilers Vivianne , Vasconcelos Ivan M. , Mendes-Junior Raimundo Nonato , Funi Cláudia , Fearnside Philip M. , Silva José Maria C. , Euler Ana M. C. , de Carvalho William Douglas
Published: October 2017

Although Amapá is the most protected Brazilian state, the same level of protection does not extend to its savannas. These are currently suffering increased pressure from threats including large-scale agriculture, particularly the expansion of soybean plantations. In September 2016, the Government of Amapá presented a zoning proposal (Zoneamento Socioambiental do Cerrado [ZSC]) that reserves most of the savannas for agricultural activities. Here, we outline how the methodology employed is flawed because it does not include fauna surveys, evaluations of ecosystem services or an assessment of the social importance of the savannas. The ZSC authors admit that, contrary to Brazilian legislation, the zoning was carried out with the single intention of increasing agriculture production. Current knowledge indicates that Amapá’s savannas are rich in biodiversity, including endemic and threatened species, and are also home to a rich culture of traditional populations. These savannas are important providers of ecosystem services that, if intact, could represent around US$ 1.52 billion annually. We hold that the ZSC should be reformulated, with fair participation of stakeholders, in accordance with Brazil’s legal requirements. At least 30% of the savannas should be protected, local family farming should be supported, and the rights of traditional peoples must now be assured through recognition of their land rights.
More for Us or More for Me? Social Dominance as Parochial Egoism
Authors: Halali Eliran , Dorfman Anna , Jun Sora , Halevy Nir
Published: October 2017

Intergroup interactions allow members of advantaged groups to cooperate with in-group and out-group members alike (universal cooperation), cooperate with in-group members exclusively (parochial cooperation), or withhold cooperation altogether. These behaviors impact the intergroup hierarchy differently; therefore, individuals’ ideological support of intergroup hierarchy may predict their choices among them. Universal cooperation is inherently egalitarian and hence inconsistent with social dominance orientation (SDO). Although parochial cooperation strengthens the in-group relative to the out-group, and hence consistent with SDO, it is unclear to what extent members of advantaged groups higher in SDO are willing to pay the costs associated with participation in parochial cooperation. Studies conducted across three distinct intergroup contexts in the United States and Israel consistently find that SDO coincides with behavioral selfishness, a pattern we label parochial egoism. These findings illuminate a gap between individuals’ ideological worldview and their social behavior and elucidate the motivational meaning of SDO.
Taste in Art—Exposure to Histological Stains Shapes Abstract Art Preferences
Authors: Böthig Antonia M. , Hayn-Leichsenring Gregor U.
Published: October 2017

Exposure to art increases the appreciation of artworks. Here, we showed that this effect is domain independent. After viewing images of histological stains in a lecture, ratings increased for restricted subsets of abstract art images. In contrast, a lecture on art history generally enhanced ratings for all art images presented, while a lecture on town history without any visual stimuli did not increase the ratings. Therefore, we found a domain-independent exposure effect of images of histological stains to particular abstract paintings. This finding suggests that the ‘taste’ for abstract art is altered by visual impressions that are presented outside of an artistic context.
Electrocardiographic characteristics associated with in-hospital outcome in patients with left main acute coronary syndrome: For contriving a new risk stratification score
Authors: Iida Takayuki , Tanimura Fumito , Takahashi Kyoko , Nakamura Hideki , Nakajima Satoshi , Nakamura Motoyuki , Morino Yoshihiro , Itoh Tomonori
Published: October 2017

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate electrocardiographic characteristics associated with in-hospital prognosis in patients with left main acute coronary syndrome.

Methods and results:

A total of 89 left main acute coronary syndrome subjects were selected from 3357 consecutive acute coronary syndrome patients (2.7%). Patients of this study were divided into two groups; those who survived and those who died. Patients’ characteristics and electrocardiogram on admission were then retrospectively analyzed between the two groups. In-hospital mortality was 28.1%. The prevalence and degree of ST-segment elevation at lead aVL were significantly higher in the deceased group than in the survival group ( p<0.001). However, those at lead aVR did not show significant differences between the two groups. Moreover, the width of the QRS-complex was significantly wider (lead V3; p<0.001), and the level of five minus the absolute value of five minus number of ST-segment elevation (5–|5–ST|; due to the highest in-hospital mortality (70%) in the five-lead ST-segment elevation group) was significantly larger in the deceased group than in the survival group ( p<0.001). The odds ratios that predicted in-hospital cardiac death were 1.03 for width of the QRS-complex at lead V3 (95% confidence interval (CI); 1.01–1.06; p=0.003), 1.74 for 5–|5–ST| (95% CI; 1.03–3.00; p=0.040), and 1.44 for ST-segment elevation at lead aVL (95% CI; 0.93–2.23; p=0.100).

Conclusions:

ST-segment elevation at lead aVL rather than aVR, width of the QRS-complex at lead V3 and number of ST-segment elevation were the prognostic predictors for in-hospital mortality in patients with left main acute coronary syndrome. Electrocardiographic characteristics should be assessed in addition to the established risk score in patients with left main acute coronary syndrome.
Capturing commemoration: Using mobile recordings within memory research
Authors: Birdsall Carolyn , Drozdzewski Danielle
Published: October 2017

This paper details the contribution of mobile devices to capturing commemoration in action. It investigates the incorporation of audio and sound recording devices, observation, and note-taking into a mobile (auto)ethnographic research methodology, to research a large-scale commemorative event in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. On May 4, 2016, the sounds of a Silent March—through the streets of Amsterdam to Dam Square—were recorded and complemented by video grabs of the march’s participants and onlookers. We discuss how the mixed method enabled a multilevel analysis across visual, textual, and aural layers of the commemorative atmosphere. Our visual data aided in our evaluation of the construction of collective spectacle, while the audio data necessitated that we venture into new analytic territory. Using Sonic Visualiser, we uncovered alternative methods of “reading” landscape by identifying different sound signatures in the acoustic environment. Together, this aural and visual representation of the May 4 events enabled the identification of spatial markers and the temporal unfolding of the Silent March and the national 2 minutes’ silence in Amsterdam’s Dam Square.
Third Party Logistics Outsourcing: An Exploratory Study of the Oil and Gas Industry in Nigeria
Authors: Etokudoh Emah Patrick , Boolaky Mehraz , Gungaphul Mridula
Published: October 2017

Not much has been researched in logistics outsourcing in the emerging countries, particularly in the oil and gas industry. This article investigates the feasibility of logistics outsourcing by the international oil and gas companies in the emerging business environment of Nigeria. An exploratory, multicase, qualitative approach was applied, involving 40 interviewees in three international oil companies and three of their logistics service providers. Findings reveal that vendors’ capabilities, host community issues, joint venture influence, and employees’ reactions challenge international oil companies’ logistics outsourcing implementation while relationship management, contract management, and change management skills enable them handle these challenges. The results also show that surveyed organizations implement logistics outsourcing piecemeal and need to scale up their current capabilities to effectively integrate logistics outsourcing. The research confirms logistics outsourcing is achievable in Nigeria, but requires synergies and symbiosis between the oil companies and their local vendors.
Acetabular labrum of hip joint in osteoarthritis: A qualitative original study and short review of the literature
Authors: Kapetanakis S , Dermon A , Gkantsinikoudis N , Kommata V , Soukakos P , Dermon CR
Published: October 2017

Purpose:

Histological architecture of normal acetabular labrum regarding free nerve endings (FNEs) and mechanoreceptors (MRs) has been satisfactorily described in the literature. However, the presence of FNEs and MRs in acetabular labrum of hip joint has been analyzed only once in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Aim of this article is to report histological distribution pattern of FNEs and MRs in acetabular labrum of patients with severe OA, at the same time conducting a comparison with normal acetabular labrum described in the literature.

Methods:

Seven patients with severe hip OA were enrolled in this study. Patient selection was assisted by the utilization of specific clinical scales delineated by the American College of Rheumatology. After successful total hip arthroplasty, tissue samples of acetabular labra of seven patients were histologically processed and stained with the gold standard chloride method, which was subsequently examined under a compound microscope.

Results:

FNEs and MRs constituted the major histological structures. Identified MRs included Pacini corpuscles, Ruffini corpuscles, and Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles. The presence of FNEs was predominant in the middle part of the acetabular labrum, featuring a remarkable decrease in peripheral parts. In contrast, MRs were detected basically in peripheral parts and less in the middle part.

Conclusions:

Differentiation of the distribution pattern of MRs and FNEs in acetabular labrum of hip joint is remarkable between normal patients and patients with severe OA. The abundance of FNEs in the middle part of the pathologic labrum is mainly responsible for the observed discrimination. A “conversion” of MRs to FNEs may occur during OA progression, modulating therefore this pattern as well as the upcoming clinical manifestations.
Collective Conservatism and the Constituent Assembly Debates: The Case of Free Speech in India
Authors: Maheshwari Malvika
Published: October 2017

This article outlines the conceptual foundation of India’s free speech regime by focusing on the debates of the Constituent Assembly (1946–1949), and traces the development of the Article 19 of the constitution, which guarantees all citizens the right to free speech and expression, albeit certain ‘reasonable restrictions’. While offering a synoptic account of the conservative side of its development—as framers negotiated the discrepancies between their imagined ideal and the existing, often-conflicting reality—the idea here is not to uncover some grand master plan of Indian democracy from which it has faltered, but to explore ways in which it might lend a fissure to violent outbursts of ‘hurt sentiments’ in contemporary India, which impinges upon the idea and enjoyment of free speech in general, and freedom of artists in particular.
FCR achieves long-term durable remissions in patients with IGHV-mutated CLL
Authors: Chai-Adisaksopha Chatree , Brown Jennifer R.
Published: October 2017

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with mutated IGHV, 3 recent studies have demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) after treatment with fludarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab (FCR) chemoimmunotherapy. We performed a systematic review to assess the benefit of FCR for patients with CLL and identified 5 randomized trials that met our inclusion criteria. FCR improved complete remission, PFS and overall survival vs the comparator; median PFS was not reached in the subgroup of CLL patients with mutated IGHV.
International terrorism as an instrument of political struggle and of injury to integrational law
Authors: Lessa Pablo Henrique Cordeiro , Martini Sandra Regina
Published: October 2017

International Terrorism happens since old ages, when it was classified as acts against the monarch. Only in modern age, it was classified as political crime committed against the State. However, despite the occurrence since ancient times, the topic gained practice importance in the International Agenda only after the international repercussion of September 11th. At this time, many researches described the political aspect of it, disregarding the economic scenario, especially considering the State interventionism that is taken to avoid economic chaos. Indeed, the State function is also discussed in order to understand how it may keep Social Welfare. This practice instils in collective perspective the association of terrorism with specific ethnic and religious groups, indirectly supporting a nationalist mentality that tends to be exploited by populist governments. This creates a bad view over resistant movements, in which are included the Third World Countries Movements, such as TWAIL, that contests the international balance of power.
Joint Maximum Likelihood Estimators for Gutenberg-Richter Parameters λ0 and β Using Subcatalogs
Authors: Ordaz Mario , Giraldo Sebastián
Published: October 2017

Two new estimators of parameters λ0 and β of the Gutenberg-Richter seismicity relation are presented for the case in which several complete portions of an earthquake catalog are used in the estimation process. These estimators are the ones that maximize the joint likelihood of both parameters, considering Poisson arrivals. Therefore, as shown in this paper, they are more robust than estimators previously presented in the literature. The numerical effort to compute the new estimators is greater than with previously published formulas because the new method requires solution of an implicit algebraic equation, for which we provide an iteration strategy of fast convergence. In our opinion, the extra effort is warranted in view of the usual scarcity of data and in view of the extra precision that the new method brings.
Rapid Post-Earthquake Microtremor Measurements for Site Amplification and Shear Wave Velocity Profiling in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Molnar Sheri , Onwuemeka John , Adhikari Sujan Raj
Published: October 2017

This paper presents application of microtremor (ambient vibration) and surface wave field techniques for post-earthquake geotechnical reconnaissance purposes in Kathmandu, Nepal. Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) are computed from microtremor recordings at 16 individual measurement locations to obtain an estimate of fundamental frequency (site period) of the subsurface soils. A combination of active- and passive-source surface wave array testing was accomplished at five key sites including Kathmandu's Durbar Square and Airport. Joint inversion of each site's higher frequency dispersion and lower frequency HVSR data sets provides an estimate of subsurface material stiffness [i.e., shear wave velocity ( V S) depth profiles]. Direct comparison of our V S profiling at Kathmandu Durbar Square and that accomplished by downhole V S and/or standard penetration testing (SPT) profiling yield similar results. Classification of the five sites based on average V S, site period, and/or basin depth is presented. There is little differentiation in these site classification designations amongst the five sites, which does not capture significant differences in observed earthquake damage.
Capitalism as Nineteenth-Century Colonialism and Its Impacts on Native Californians
Authors: Sunseri Charlotte K.
Published: October 2017

This article analyzes the impact of colonialism on nineteenth-century Native California communities, particularly during the American annexation of the West and capitalist ventures in mining and milling towns. Using the case study of Mono Lake Kutzadika Paiute employed by the Bodie and Benton Railroad and Lumber Company at Mono Mills, the lasting legacies of colonialism and its impacts on contemporary struggles for self-determination are explored. The study highlights the role of capitalism as a potent form of colonialism and its enduring effects on tribes’ ability to meet federal acknowledgment standards. This approach contributes to a richer understanding of colonial processes and their impacts on indigenous communities both historically and today.
The Arf GEF GBF1 and Arf4 synergize with the sensory receptor cargo, rhodopsin, to regulate ciliary membrane trafficking
Authors: Wang Jing , Fresquez Theresa , Kandachar Vasundhara , Deretic Dusanka
Published: October 2017

The small GTPase Arf4 and the Arf GTPase-activating protein (GAP) ASAP1 cooperatively sequester sensory receptor cargo into transport carriers targeted to primary cilia, but the input that drives Arf4 activation in this process remains unknown. Here, we show, by using frog retinas and recombinant human proteins, that during the carrier biogenesis from the photoreceptor Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) a functional complex is formed between Arf4, the Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) GBF1 and the light-sensing receptor, rhodopsin. Rhodopsin and Arf4 bind the regulatory N-terminal dimerization and cyclophillin-binding (DCB)-homology upstream of Sec7 (HUS) domain of GBF1. The complex is sensitive to Golgicide A (GCA), a selective inhibitor of GBF1 that accordingly blocks rhodopsin delivery to the cilia, without disrupting the photoreceptor Golgi. The emergence of newly synthesized rhodopsin in the endomembrane system is essential for GBF1-Arf4 complex formation in vivo. Notably, GBF1 interacts with the Arf GAP ASAP1 in a GCA-resistant manner. Our findings indicate that converging signals on GBF1 from the influx of cargo into the Golgi/TGN and the feedback from Arf4, combined with input from ASAP1, control Arf4 activation during sensory membrane trafficking to primary cilia.
CellMap visualizes protein-protein interactions and subcellular localization
Authors: Dallago Christian , Goldberg Tatyana , Andrade-Navarro Miguel Angel , Alanis-Lobato Gregorio , Rost Burkhard
Published: October 2017

Many tools visualize protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The tool introduced here, CellMap, adds one crucial novelty by visualizing PPI networks in the context of subcellular localization, i.e. the location in the cell or cellular component in which a PPI happens. Users can upload images of cells and define areas of interest against which PPIs for selected proteins are displayed (by default on a cartoon of a cell). Annotations of localization are provided by the user or through our in-house database. The visualizer and server are written in JavaScript, making CellMap easy to customize and to extend by researchers and developers.
Social support among the elderly in Iran
Authors: TorabiArdakani Atefeh , Baneshi Mohammad Reza , Taravatmanesh Samira , Taravatmanesh Leila , Zolala Farzaneh
Published: October 2017

Aim of the study

Aim: One of the factors affecting the life of the elderly is the extent of social support by the people around them. The present study was designed to determining social support among the elderly, in Shiraz at 2015.

Subject or material and methods

Materials and Methods: This study was a cross – sectional analytical research with a sample size of 143. To collectthe required data, Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ) was used. Linear Regression was used to analyze the data, and SPSS version 19 was applied for analysis.

Results

Results: Among 143 elderly participants, 43 were male (30.1%) and 100 were female (69.9%). Results of the multivariate analysis indicated that among the factors studied, age, education and previous job (self-employed and housewife) were significantly relatedto both social networks and social satisfaction (p-value <0.00).

Discussion

Discussion: This study aimed to investigate the demographic factors associated with social support for the self-introduced elderly in care centers in Shiraz. After controlling the possible impact of confounding variables, findings of our study showed that age, education, and previous job (self-employed and housewife) were significantly associated with both social network and satisfaction.

Conclusions

Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that among the factors studied, age, occupation and education of the elderly people had the greatest roles in social support.
From anxiety to compulsivity – a review of changes to OCD classification in DSM-5 and ICD-11
Authors: Krzanowska Eliza , Kuleta Małgorzata
Published: October 2017

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is no longer classified as an anxiety disorder in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). It has become a flagship disorder of the new category of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders (OCRDs) - a group of five disorders linked together by the core symptom of repetitive thoughts and behaviors and phenomenological and neurobiological similarity to OCD. Body dysmorphic disorder, hoarding disorder, trichotillomania, and skin picking disorder are the other disorders included in this group. In the upcoming eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, the World Health Organization (WHO) is planning to introduce similar changes to its own classification of OCD, further recommending the inclusion of olfactory reference disorder and hypochondriasis, in addition to the disorders listed in the DSM-5. In this article, we will review the classifications of OCD and OCDRs in the DSM-5 and the upcoming ICD-11, as well as describe the rationale and research leading to the creation of this new class of disorders.
Financial Integration and Liquidity Crises
Authors: Castiglionesi Fabio , Feriozzi Fabio , Lorenzoni Guido
Published: October 2017

This paper analyzes the effects of financial integration on the stability of the banking system. Financial integration allows banks in different regions to smooth local liquidity shocks by borrowing and lending on a world interbank market. We show under which conditions financial integration induces banks to reduce their liquidity holdings and to shift their portfolios toward more profitable but less liquid investments. Integration helps reallocate liquidity when different banks are hit by uncorrelated shocks. However, when a correlated (systemic) shock hits, the total liquid resources in the banking system are lower than in autarky. Therefore, financial integration leads to more stable interbank interest rates in normal times but to larger interest rate spikes in crises. These results hold in a setup in which financial integration is welfare improving from an ex ante point of view. We also look at the model’s implications for financial regulation and show that, in a second-best world, financial integration can increase the welfare benefits of liquidity requirements.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2841 .

This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
The Value of Multidimensional Rating Systems: Evidence from a Natural Experiment and Randomized Experiments
Authors: Chen Pei-Yu , Hong Yili , Liu Ying
Published: October 2017

Online product ratings offer information on product quality. Scholars have recently proposed the potential of designing multidimensional rating systems to better convey information on multiple dimensions of products. This study investigates whether and how multidimensional rating systems affect consumer satisfaction (measured by product ratings), based on both observational data and two randomized experiments. Our identification strategy of the observational study hinges on a natural experiment on TripAdvisor when the website started to allow consumers to rate multiple dimensions of the restaurants, as opposed to only providing an overall rating, in January 2009. We further obtain rating data on the same set of restaurants from Yelp, which controls for the unobserved restaurant quality over time and allows us to identify the causal effect using a difference-in-differences approach. Results from the econometric analyses show that ratings in a single-dimensional rating system have a downward trend and a higher dispersion, whereas ratings in a multidimensional rating system are significantly higher and convergent. Findings from two randomized experiments suggest that the multidimensional rating system helps consumers find products that better fit their preferences and increases the confidence of their choices. We also show that the observed results cannot be explained by the priming effect due to rating system interface or a list of other alternative explanations. The combined evidence from the natural experiment and randomized experiments support the view that the multidimensional rating system enhances rating informativeness and provide implications for designing online rating systems that help consumers match their preferences with product attributes.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2852 .

This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
Learning theory through doing: Applying design studio methods in the construction of an academic argument
Authors: McAuley Mike , Roxburgh Mark
Published: October 2017

This paper presents the outcomes of an action research inquiry that set out to enhance first-year visual communication student learning of design theory and history through the incorporation of creative practice methods commonly used in practical design studio environments. As educators of both design theory and practice, our previous observations of how novice design students engaged with theory, compared to how they engaged with practice, led us to the decision that change was required to facilitate deeper understanding of theoretical discourse through the incorporation of creative practice methods. That was our ‘call to action’. The methods, described in the article as interventions, were introduced to support the critical and analytical thinking necessary to engage with theoretical discourse. They can also be thought of as learning strategies incorporated to enhance student learning and involved creative thinking exercises, visualization techniques, collaboration and audience presentation. Our findings demonstrate that student learning of design theory and history can be enhanced when creative practice methods are employed within a critical studies context and that discourse in design education is no longer the exclusive domain of the written word.
Rethinking materialities in higher education
Authors: Mäkelä Maarit , Löytönen Teija
Published: October 2017

Art, craft and design activities are fundamentally creative in nature, requiring the implementation of ideas in the form of materially embodied artefacts. Within art and design education, initiation to the creative process is usually enhanced via a studio model where material experimentations are an integral part of learning processes. This case study explores materiality in learning from a relational perspective where material forces are at play in constituting learning: how learning is entangled with or an effect of the engagement with the materiality of places, environments and (organic) matter. We base our enquiry on an MA course called Design Exploration and Experimentation organized at Aalto University, Finland. The experiences of three students discussed in the article form the key data of the case study. By describing the relations between the experiences, environments and creative outcomes, the case study sheds light on the relevance of materiality in learning, especially in higher education.
Creating video-annotated discussions: An asynchronous alternative
Authors: Howard Craig D. , Myers Rodney
Published: October 2017

In this article the authors illustrate the design and development of a pedagogical intervention using video annotations in a pre-service teacher education courrse. An annotation platform was selected and video was shot to create a video backdrop on which asynchronous discussions would take place. The article addresses design considerations in the selection of video, the editing process, and the development of a tutorial to lead learners through their first experience with this form of discussion. Learner participation samples were collected, and an analysis of the design process concludes the article. KeywordsVideo annotation, instructional design, discussion, computer-mediated discourse
Longitudinal Design Case of a University Preservice Technology Integration Curriculum Shaped By Its Sociopolitical Context
Authors: Yamagata-Lynch Lisa C. , Luetkehans Lara M.
Published: October 2017

This design case describes the work of two designers related to a longitudinal university preservice technology integration course series. We anchored the discussion of our case with various design values that we shared and took a critical role in our design activities. We broke our stories into three chapters in order to discuss our case in a narrative format. In each of these chapters we discuss our design problem, design values, design solutions, and design tensions. Within the chapters our discussions zoom in and out of detailed design issues related to our individual design experiences. Our case demonstrates how our design efforts and our designed products were intertwined with the sociopolitical context in which our case was situated. We end the discussion of this case by sharing what we learned.
TICCIT: Building Theory for Practical Purposes
Authors: Gibbons Andrew S. , O'Neal A. F.
Published: October 2017

In 1971 the National Science Foundation contracted with the MITRE Corporation (MIT Research Corporation) for the production of an experimental system to test the computer-assisted delivery of information and instruction to homes: the TICCIT system—an acronym for “Time-shared, Interactive, Computer-Controlled Information/Instructional Television”. The networking concept of TICCIT linked minicomputers through coaxial cables to color television sets. The theoretical design challenge was that the agreement with NSF specified that the instructional component of TICCIT would be learner-controlled. TICCIT system specifications produced a type of instruction that adapted moment-by-moment to the choices of the learner.
Bioinformatics in the K-8 Classroom: Designing Innovative Activities for Teacher Implementation
Authors: Shuster Michele , Claussen Kira , Locke Melly , Glazewski Krista
Published: October 2017

At the intersection of biology and computer science is the growing field of bioinformatics—the analysis of complex datasets of biological relevance. Despite the increasing importance of bioinformatics and associated practical applications, these are not standard topics in elementary and middle school classrooms. We report on a pilot project and its evolution to support implementation of bioinformatics-based activities in elementary and middle school classrooms. Specifically, we ultimately designed a multi-day summer teacher professional development workshop, in which teachers design innovative classroom activities. By focusing on teachers, our design leverages enhanced teacher knowledge and confidence to integrate innovative instructional materials into K-8 classrooms and contributes to capacity building in STEM instruction.
Designing for Consistent Implementation of a 5th Grade Digital Math Curriculum
Authors: Roschelle Jeremy , Gaudino Steven , Darling Samantha
Published: October 2017

Reasoning Mind products are used by over 100,000 students a year and have shown positive outcomes. In this design case we focus on implementation: how Reasoning Mind’s approach evolved to tackle the challenge of achieving consistently high-quality implementations with many different schools, teachers, and students. Key insights include the definition of the Implementation Coordinator role and how that role is managed, the design and refinement of specific tools to support the implementation improvement process, and how Reasoning Mind’s understanding of its organizational values in relationship to its approach to implementation evolved over time. Based on a study in which 23 schools in West Virginia are newly adopting Reasoning Mind, we also reflect on how the design insights are playing out in a large-scale implementation.
Challenges and Tradeoffs When Engaging Young Makers With Constructing for Others
Authors: Holbert Nathan , Thanapornsangsuth Sawaros , Villeroy Marleen
Published: October 2017

As makerspaces and fabrication labs enter schools as a means of motivating children to explore STEM fields, the lack of diversity in engineering and computing must be addressed. The Bots for Tots project explores the potential of leveraging deeper values and perspectives in making practices by engaging young children in designing and creating objects for others rather than for themselves. In this design case, we present outcomes from the first Bots for Tots implementation highlighting key design challenges and tradeoffs for (a) encouraging a personal relationship between builders and clients while retaining design complexity, and (b) ensuring productive prototyping while providing materials and tools with which designers are familiar. We also discuss revisions for a second iteration where we leverage an existing mentorship program to ensure close designer-client relationships, and constrain material choices throughout the construction process to encourage participants to focus on function and process during prototyping.