bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Kegiatan Menempel di Kelompok Bermain
Authors: Abarua Hermelina
Published: February 2018

Childhood is the most crisis period in the growth and development of human life both in terms of physical and emotional. At this time the child's character begins to be formed and will continue to grow and will be attached to him to adulthood. Therefore, since the early child needs to be taught character education and life skills are right so that someday the child becomes a qualified human being independent and good moral. In early childhood learning should be packaged in the form of games according to the age of the child, early childhood is the age of play, therefore, learning situations, procurement and organizing learning means should be designed for learning activities while playing. (Life-oriented Life Skills Guidelines). The problem that we face in KB Mawar FKIP Unpatti is the lack of children's room to play and the children's play facilities are very limited / minimal, so that the motor lesson and motor lesson in children less than the maximum. This study aims to identify and describe matters related to improving the fine motor ability of children in the learning process through attached activities in KB Mawar FKIP Unpatti Ambon. This research is a Classroom Action Research. The subjects of this study were students of KB Mawar FKIP Unpatti Ambon, amounting to 18 people. Data collection techniques are observation, interview, field note and documentation study. This classroom action research procedure is carried out in two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The results showed that in the first cycle, there are still students who do not meet the criteria of the indicators conducted by the tutor, so it can be said as a weakness encountered in the implementation of the first cycle action, while in cycle II students are very active to hear the teacher explanation. Very active in question is that students can follow the teacher's explanation well so that what is assigned can be done well. Thus it can be concluded that with the sticking activity can improve the fine motor skills of early childhood in KB Mawar FKIP Unpatti Ambon.
Group Positive Psychotherapy Untuk Meningkatkan Kepuasan Hidup Pada Narapidana Di LP Kelas II A Kediri
Authors: Utami Wahyu
Published: February 2018

This study aims to determine the influence of group positive psychotherapy on life satisfaction in inmates in IIA Kediri class. Subjects were 20 inmates living in prisons of IIA class in Kediri. Subjects selected by using purposive sampling technique which has low scores on life satisfaction scales with an age range of 20-39 years. This experimental research design uses Quasi experimental Pre-test-post-test control group design. Data analysis used is Different Test or t-Test and the technique used is paried Sample t-test. Data collection using the scale of Life satisfaction measuring tool using Satisfaction With life Scale (SWLS). The results showed that there was a difference of life satisfaction score in experimental group and control group that was obtained in control group with t-count value (1,000) less than t-table value (2,262) or significance value (0,343) more than alpha (0,050). In the experimental group the value of t-count (9,949) was more than the t-table value (2,262) or the significance value (0,000) less than the alpha (0.050).
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar pada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) Di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Ternate
Authors: Ummah Dewi Mufidatul
Published: February 2018

This study aims to determine the analysis of learning difficulties in children with special needs (ABK) in students of SMA Negeri 10 Ternate. This research is descriptive research using descriptive approach. The focus of this study is focused on learning problems in students with special needs (ABK) on Deaf and Tuna Grahita in students of SMAN 10 Kota Ternate. The types and sources of data in this study consist of primary and secondary data that are qualitative in nature. Data collection techniques consist of interviews, observations, and documentation. Data Analysis Technique used is data reduction (reduction), Presentation of data (display), Verification Data (verification). The technique of data validation in this research is Triangulation and Member check. The results showed that SRN subjects showed low learning outcomes, were slow in doing learning tasks, were unable to capture material explanations, never collected and completed tasks and were difficult to adapt to the learning process at school. The SC subject shows the result that the SC Subject has below average intellectual ability and lack of confidence, learning difficulties experienced by SC subjects on all subjects related to practice and theory. SC learning difficulties are caused by psychic limitations of slow response and slow learner in receiving lessons and still difficult to write and read.
Ritual Adat Tanaile sebuah Ekspresi Identitas Suku Wemale Di Negeri Nuduasiwa untuk Merawat Hormoni Sosial
Authors: Ufie Agust
Published: February 2018

Various social phenomena that continue to occur in the midst of our lives, is a side effect of modernization which is characterized by the development of science and technology. Modernization on one side is advantageous but on the other hand detrimental. The disadvantage is actually a blow or a threat to the sustainability of various traditions and cultures of the local community. Various efforts must continue to be blamed in order to strengthen the perspectives of society about the culture and tradition, the effort is also undermined in order to maintain the old paradigm that prioritizes togetherness, harmony, silahturahmi, help. Tanaile's customary ritual is an expression of the identity of the local community, amidst the continuing stretch of modernization. The expression of the identity of the local community is evident through the social and moral values of the Tanaile ritual tradition that must be preserved from generation to generation.
Jogos como tecnologias educacionais para o ensino de genética: a aprendizagem por meio do lúdico
Authors: Silva Meiridiane Ribeiro da , Antunes Adriana Maria
Published: February 2018

A genética é uma das áreas da biologia em que os alunos demonstram maior grau de dificuldade, por ser complexa e trazer conteúdos de difícil assimilação. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar o jogo intitulado “Jogando com a genética”, bem como avaliar a eficácia dessa tecnologia educacional no ensino de genética. O jogo informatizado de perguntas e respostas acerca dos principais conceitos de genética foi criado em Microsoft Office Power Point, considerando a essência das metodologias lúdicas. A proposta pedagógica foi realizada em uma turma do 3° ano do Ensino Médio do colégio XX. Os resultados da pesquisa foram analisados por meio de questionários pré-teste e pós-teste e de observações in loco. Verificou-se que os jogos lúdicos associados ao método tradicional de ensino possibilitam entendimento dos conteúdos, participação e interação dos alunos nas aulas.  A pesquisa permitiu caracterizar um novo recurso didático que pode ser reproduzido e usado por outros educadores no ensino de genética.
CONTEXTUALIZANDO E DISCUTINDO AS ATIVIDADES LÚDICAS EM CIÊNCIAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Luz Bárbara Elisa Santos Carvalho , Gallon Mônica da Silva , Nascimento Silvania Sousa do
Published: February 2018

O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar as diferentes formas compreendidas por atividades lúdicas presentes nos livros didáticos e currículos e os papeis que ocupam nesses documentos com objetivo de demonstrar a importância atribuída a essas atividades, de que forma estampam diferentes documentos oficiais. Os documentos analisados foram os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de Ciências, os Conteúdos Básicos Curriculares do Estado de Minas Gerais, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e o Programa Nacional do Livro Didático. Além desses, foram também analisadas algumas coleções didáticas de Ciências. Verificou-se que as atividades lúdicas se fazem presente em quase todos os currículos e são consideradas por eles importantes no processo de aprendizagem. As atividades lúdicas são entendidas pelos currículos como ações que podem atuar como agente, paciente ou meio no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Existem atividades lúdicas nos livros didáticos, porém muitas vezes são consideradas como complemento sendo apresentadas apenas no manual do professor como sugestões de atividades. Observamos a existência de recontextualização dos livros didáticos sobre as orientações curriculares.
O VOLUNTARIADO DOCENTE NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL DE UMA AUTARQUIA FEDERAL
Authors: Soprani Maria Jose Rassele , De Andrade Ferreira Dirce Nazaré , Soprani Arildo , Nascimento Luiz Cláudio Zanette , Silva Marina
Published: February 2018

Este artigo versa sobre a prestação de serviço voluntário docente em uma unidade de educação infantil que tem a peculiaridade de funcionar em uma universidade pública federal, portanto recebe a denominação de “creche universitária”. A instituição, iniciada na década de 1970, desenvolveu um trabalho voluntário complexo que demonstra importância, tanto para a própria instituição quanto para o público que recebe o serviço. No entanto, sob a ótica dos prestadores de serviços há relevantes aspectos que precisam ser desvelados, pois se trata de trabalho que envolve dedicação, abnegação e ausência de perspectivas quanto ao vínculo trabalhista. Nesse contexto, este artigo objetiva apresentar as peculiaridades e a percepção dos voluntários acerca do serviço prestado. Para desvendar particularidades acerca do tema usou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, exploratória, descritiva e entrevista semiestruturada. Palavras-Chave: Administração, Gestão escolar, Creche universitária, Serviço voluntário.
Desafios da Gestão de um Centro de Educação Infantil Universitário
Authors: Soprani Maria José Rassele , Dutra Filho João Moreira , Palmeira Andressa Fernandes , Silva Marina Corrêa da
Published: February 2018

Este é um artigo de revisão bibliográfica que versa sobre a gestão de um centro de educação infantil universitário. Alguns desafios da gestão centro de educação infantil universitário foram apontados, permeando vários aspectos, dentre os quais os servidores investidos em cargos administrativos atuando como professores de educação infantil e a importância do processo de democratização da escola, com a eleição de diretores, o que representa um avanço social em relação ao cenário de democratização vivenciado pela escola pública. O artigo apoiou-se na pesquisa teórica partindo da bibliografia voltada à área de gestão escolar e na pesquisa documental sobre o Centro de Educação Infantil universitário da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. A fundamentação legal será subsidiada pela análise de alguns artigos da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil (1988), Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, Plano Nacional da Educação de 2014, resoluções e portarias, dentre outros.
Reciclagem de medicamentos: responsabilidade socioambiental
Authors: Viera Karla M. , Lobo Fabiana A. , Miranda Anderson L. , Azevedo Calliana S. B. , Santos Keisyanne S. , Silva Lorena B. , Santos Matheus L. M. , Almeida Ricardo P. , Torres Suzane O. , Cruz Thayza S. , Cunha Rafaela S. , Correa Savio F.
Published: February 2018

Este artigo relata um assunto preocupante relacionado à preservação do meio ambiente e saúde pública: o descarte indiscriminado de medicamentos (remédios) no lixo doméstico, águas superficiais e aterros sanitários. Esses medicamentos são considerados micro-contaminantes orgânicos que trazem sérios prejuízos à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. Por falta de informação a população acaba tendo atitudes que potencializam ainda mais os diversos problemas que este descarte indiscriminado pode causar. Dentro deste contexto, são propostas atitudes simples, mas de grande vantagem para o meio ambiente e a saúde pública: a reciclagem de medicamentos, o destino correto dos mesmos e a conscientização da população sobre este assunto.
Em Busca de redes interativas no cuidado comunitário e familiar de idosos: construindo momentos de devolutiva para a atualização dos sentidos
Authors: De Lima Laila Angélica , De Souza Ma. Antoniêta Albuquerque
Published: February 2018

A comunicação de resultados de pesquisas implica a responsabilidade da extensão. O texto descreve dois movimentos da devolução da pesquisa realizada com cuidadores de idosos: 1. trata de processos de formação em redes de cuidadores colaboradores pela comunicação e a interação social; 2. sistematicamente, observa, na reflexão conjunta (idosos/cuidadores/outros do bairro) dos temas os efeitos de aderência dos cuidadores e idosos às sociabilidades, descritas neste trabalho. A metodologia de Redes do Cotidiano (MARES) e a pesquisa-ação favoreceram a visibilidade dessa experiência estimulante às sociabilidades, e a reflexão das análises das narrativas expostas produziu efeito de unificação sugerindo formas de convivência.
CONSTRUINDO CIDADANIA POR MEIO DA LÍNGUA E DA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Finardi Kyria Rebeca , Furtado Guimarães Felipe
Published: February 2018

O estudo tem como objetivo descrever um projeto de extensão intitulado "Construção de Cidadania por Meio da Língua", cujo objetivo foi promover o desenvolvimento de uma cidadania global na comunidade acadêmica alvo, por meio de ações que perpassam o uso de línguas estrangeiras em geral e do inglês em particular. Um objetivo secundário do projeto de extensão foi promover a internacionalização na instituição de ensino superior onde o projeto foi proposto. A metodologia de pesquisa é qualitativa e descritiva e os resultados da análise do projeto de extensão sugerem que ele teve um papel chave no desenvolvimento da internacionalização da instituição investigada. O estudo conclui que ações de extensão integradas ao planejamento institucional são importantes para alavancar e apoiar o desenvolvimento do processo de internacionalização institucional.
Avaliação da família de gestante com vulnerabilidade social fundamentada no Modelo Calgary
Authors: Santos Sueli Maria Dos Reis , Ubaldino Amanda Cristina Campos , Santos Letícia Mara Dos , Jesus Petrônio Barros Ribeiro de , Jesus Maria Cristina Pinto de
Published: February 2018

Na família, ocorrem vários eventos que deixam marcas e afetam a dimensão psicoemocional de seus membros, destaca-se aqui a gestação, que exerce pressão sobre a família. Objetivou-se avaliar a família da gestante com vulnerabilidade social e compreender as condições de vida à luz do Modelo Calgary de Avaliação da Família. Estudo de caso, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com duas gestantes do Projeto de Extensão Roda de Conversa com Gestantes e Crianças. Os dados foram coletados no segundo semestre de 2016, utilizando-se questionário validado no referencial teórico metodológico Modelo Calgary. O genograma e ecomapa possibilitaram a compreensão da dinâmica familiar e a identificação dos principais problemas enfrentados. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento sobre a dinâmica familiar subsidia o cuidado à gestante em situação de vulnerabilidade social e a sua família, possibilitando ao enfermeiro auxiliar na identificação de fragilidades e potencialidades, estimulando e orientando a busca de formas efetivas de organização da vida.Descritores: Gestante; Família; Enfermagem Familiar.
EDUCAÇÃO FINANCEIRA INFANTIL: BRINCANDO COM DINHEIRO
Authors: Albuquerque Ventura Ana Flávia , Almeida Abrantes Taynar Ingrid de , Costa Ferreira Ingrid Renally , Santos Raissa Costa dos , Ventura Júnior Raul
Published: February 2018

O tema da educação financeira vem ganhando espaço nas mais diversas discussões econômicas e sociais, dado que se tem percebido a importância dessa iniciativa para o desenvolvimento dos países e de seus habitantes. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a eficácia da educação financeira infantil no sentido de fazer com que os indivíduos se tornem mais preparados diante das alternativas de crédito existentes no mercado e se tornem consumidores mais conscientes. Para isso, foram realizadas atividades com crianças do Ensino Fundamental, precisamente do 2º ao 5º ano de escolas públicas e privadas da cidade de Sousa na Paraíba, contemplando 444 alunos. A ideia foi dividir as atividades a serem exercidas de acordo com cada série, obtendo um maior rendimento dos alunos em relação ao conteúdo abordado, já que o nível da atividade é proporcional ao grau de aprendizagem. E com os resultados obtidos, observou-se que as metas iniciais foram realizadas com sucesso e que todas as partes envolvidas no processo ficaram satisfeitas. Visto que as crianças conseguiram entender as competências adequadas para cuidarem dos próprios recursos e assim se tornarem independentes o mais rápido possível, que os professores ficaram gratos por ter um apoio de universitários no ensino de seus alunos e que os extensionistas obtiveram êxito na execução do projeto. A relevância do projeto é que a conscientização seja efetiva o suficiente para mostrar a todas as pessoas a real importância da Educação Financeira Infantil. É necessário equilibrar os gastos do consumo diário com a poupança e os investimentos visando o bem-estar e o consumo futuro.
TV UNIVERSITÁRIA E EXTENSÃO: DIÁLOGO POSSÍVEL
Authors: De Souza Ana Paula Vieira
Published: February 2018

Este artigo tem como tema a relação entre a TV Universitária e a Extensão Universitária. O objetivo é apresentar a discussão sobre o papel das TVs Universitárias, refletindo sobre o potencial destes veículos para uma atuação extensionista e sobre como eles poderiam compreender a extensão universitária em sua concepção e programação. Para isso, utiliza-se de levantamento bibliográfico para refletir sobre o conceito de TV Universitária, somado ao embasamento previsto na legislação vigente sobre o assunto. Além das discussões teóricas, apresenta-se um relato sobre ações de extensão adotadas pela TV Ufes, que demonstra ser possível a integração entre a TV Universitária e a Extensão Universitária. Os resultados apresentados pelo projeto de extensão abordado neste estudo indicam que essa relação não só é possível, como deve ser constante e ampliada.
İlkokul Dördüncü Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Ceza ve Kural Kavramlarına İlişkin Algılarının Metaforlarla Analiz Edilmesi
Authors: AKAR Tuba , ÖĞRETİR ÖZÇELİK Ayşe Dilek
Published: February 2018

Bu araştırmanın
amacı, İlkokul dördüncü sınıf çocuklarının ceza ve kural kavramlarına ait
kullandıkları metaforları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırma örneklemini Sinop
merkez ilçe bünyesinde yer alan Osmaniye İlkokulu, Korucuk İlkokulu, Atatürk
İlkokulu ve Gazi İlkokulunda öğrenim gören 261 öğrenci
oluşturmaktadır.Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla, araştırmaya katılan
çocukların ceza ve kural kavramlarına dair sahip oldukları algıları ortaya
çıkarmak amacıyla açık uçlu bir anket formu düzenlenmiş; anket formunda
çocuklara “Ceza............. gibidir; çünkü…….” ve “Kural............. gibidir;
çünkü…….”  cümlelerini tamamlamaları
istenmiştir.Öğrencilerin ceza ve kural kavramlarına ilişkin düşünceleri içerik
analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, üretilen ceza metaforların kaynaklarına
bakıldığında; engellenme (hapishane), balon, acı biber, spor, kötü gibi
kavramların en çok kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Öğrenciler tarafından üretilen
kural ile ilgili metaforların kaynaklarına bakıldığında ise trafik, okul,
müzik, ev ve spor gibi kavramların öğrenciler tarafından en çok algılandıkları
tespit edilmiştir. İlkokul 4.sınıf öğrencilerinin ceza ve kural kavramlarını
soyut düşünemedikleri için yaşamsal olarak maruz kaldıkları deneyimler
üzerinden ilişkilendirdikleri anlaşılmıştır. Ancak bu temel deneyimler üzerine
çocuklara kavramsal şemalarını oluşturmaları adına kavramların fonksiyonlarına
ilişkin formel bilgilere pek yer verilmediği belirlenmiştir.
Pengaruh Menonton Pertandingan Sepakbola Di Televisi Terhadap Perilaku Sosial Anak Dalam Bermain Sepakbola
Authors: Cendra Romi
Published: February 2018

Media televisi sangat berpengaruh terhadap perilaku sosial anak dilihat dari objek yang dia sukai, salah satunya menonton pertandingan sepakbola. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertandingan sepakbola di televisi terhadap perilaku sosial anak dalam bermain sepakbola. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah ex post facto dengan design penelitian causal-comparative yang membandingkan anak penonton berat dan penonton ringan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah SMAN 4 Garut Kabupaten Garut Provinsi Jawa Barat terdiri dari 21 orang penonton berat dan 21 orang penonton ringan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa penonton berat pertandingan sepak bola di televisi berpengaruh terhadap perilaku sosial anak dalam bermain sepakbola dengan nilai signifikansinya 0.019 < 0.05 dan dilihat dari nilai skor rata-rata kelompok perilaku sosial anak penonton berat/sering lebih besar dari kelompok perilaku sosial anak penonton ringan/jarang dengan skor 146.52 > 135.05. Dengan demikian terlihat perbedaan yang signifikan antara perilaku sosial anak penonton berat dengan anak penonton ringan dalam bermain sepakbola.
From “She Would Say That, Wouldn't She?” to “Does She Take Sugar?” Epistemic Injustice and Disability
Authors: Scully Jackie Leach
Published: February 2018

Epistemic injustice is the idea that social power ensures that the knowledge of some groups is excluded from the collective epistemic resources. In this paper, I argue that there are distinctive features of disabled life that, because they shape the processes through which knowledge is gathered, evaluated, judged, and disseminated, also influence the ways in which epistemic injustice is experienced by disabled people. These features include the ascription of a global epistemic incapacity to people affected by impairment. Against a background of contemporary political shifts and biotechnology innovation, the implications of epistemic injustice for disabled people are serious.
Beyond Sacredness: Why Saudi Arabian Bioethics Must Be Feminist
Authors: Muaygil Ruaim A.
Published: February 2018

At the core of Saudi Arabian bioethics' moral foundation is a strict reliance on religious scripture. This methodology is far from perfect; religious interpretations often lack sufficient moral analysis and intellectual engagement. Women are the most affected by this limited religious understanding, which is often influenced by entrenched patriarchal norms. In this paper, I argue that Saudi bioethics must shift from its current unreflective practice to a more contemplative understanding of Islamic texts. The Saudi women's movement—an effort that utilizes a methodology of religious textual reexamination to offer feminist understandings of Islamic values—is presented as a model for Saudi bioethics.
Self-Governed Agency: A Feminist Approach to Patient Noncompliance
Authors: Tallman Ruth
Published: February 2018

In this paper, I consider Michael Bratman's account of self-governed agency as a lens through which to understand and respond better to patient noncompliance. I argue that, to the extent we ought to understand patients as ordinary people in their capacity to evaluate, choose, and act, we ought to accept that noncompliance could be a rational decision deserving of respect. Understanding noncompliance as rational can benefit the doctor-patient relationship in that the two can work toward mutually agreed upon goals—even when those goals prioritize nonhealth-related values. I argue that this promises benefits both to patient health and medical efficiency.
Large Body Size as a Socially Valued Factor Determining Excess Weight and Obesity in the Context of the Nutritional Transition in Senegal
Authors: Cohen E. , Ndao A. , Faye B. , Ndiaye S. , Ndiaye E.H.M. , Ezan G. , Gueye L. , Boëtsch G. , Pasquet P. , Chapuis-Lucciani N.
Published: February 2018

Like most African countries, Senegal is experiencing a nutritional transition. Global drivers of sedentary behavior and high-calorie dietary intake, together with local anthropological drivers of large body size as a socially valued characteristic could be exposing the population to obesity. This study therefore set out to assess the impact of this sociocultural factor on the nutritional status of Senegalese adults. We set up 14 focus groups (n=84 participants) and a crosssectional quantitative survey (n=313 women; n=284 men) of adults in three different socio-ecological areas in Senegal (rural: n=204; suburban: n=206; urban: n=187). We also assessed perceptions of body weight (Body Size Scale) and weight status (anthropometric measures). Middle-aged and older Senegalese people value excess weight more than younger Senegalese in all the areas studied. Being female, older, living in urban/suburban areas and valuing excess weight/obesity were independently associated with being overweight/obese. A higher socio-economic status was also associated with being overweight/obese. A nutritional transition is under way in Senegal in urban/suburban areas, particularly affecting older urban women, with specific cultural factors contributing to this phenomenon. This suggests a need for local measures targeting women and is accounted for by specific anthropological characteristics in the Senegalese population.
MLN8237 treatment in an orthoxenograft murine model for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Authors: Payne Russell , Mrowczynski Oliver D. , Slagle-Webb Becky , Bourcier Alexandre , Mau Christine , Aregawi Dawit , Madhankumar Achuthamangalam B. , Lee Sang Y. , Harbaugh Kimberly , Connor James , Rizk Elias B.
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft-tissue sarcomas arising from peripheral nerves. MPNSTs have increased expression of the oncogene aurora kinase A, leading to enhanced cellular proliferation. This makes them extremely aggressive with high potential for metastasis and a devastating prognosis; 5-year survival estimates range from a dismal 15% to 60%. MPNSTs are currently treated with resection (sometimes requiring limb amputation) in combination with chemoradiation, both of which demonstrate limited effectiveness. The authors present the results of immunohistochemical, in vitro, and in vivo analyses of MLN8237 for the treatment of MPNSTs in an orthoxenograft murine model.

METHODS

Immunohistochemistry was performed on tumor sections to confirm the increased expression of aurora kinase A. Cytotoxicity analysis was then performed on an MPNST cell line (STS26T) to assess the efficacy of MLN8237 in vitro. A murine orthoxenograft MPNST model transfected to express luciferase was then developed to assess the efficacy of aurora kinase A inhibition in the treatment of MPNSTs in vivo. Mice with confirmed tumor on in vivo imaging were divided into 3 groups: 1) controls, 2) mice treated with MLN8237, and 3) mice treated with doxorubicin/ifosfamide. Treatment was carried out for 32 days, with imaging performed at weekly intervals until postinjection day 42. Average bioluminescence among groups was compared at weekly intervals using 1-way ANOVA. A survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves.

RESULTS

Immunohistochemical analysis showed robust expression of aurora kinase A in tumor cells. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed STS26T susceptibility to MLN8237 in vitro. The group receiving treatment with MLN8237 showed a statistically significant difference in tumor size compared with the control group starting at postinjection day 21 and persisting until the end of the study. The MLN8237 group also showed decreased tumor size compared with the doxorubicin/ifosfamide group at the conclusion of the study (p = 0.036). Survival analysis revealed a significantly increased median survival in the MLN8237 group (83 days) compared with both the control (64 days) and doxorubicin/ifosfamide (67 days) groups. A hazard ratio comparing the 2 treatment groups showed a decreased hazard rate in the MLN8237 group compared with the doxorubicin/ifosfamide group (HR 2.945; p = 0.0134).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study demonstrate that MLN8237 is superior to combination treatment with doxorubicin/ifosfamide in a preclinical orthoxenograft murine model. These data have major implications for the future of MPNST research by providing a robust murine model as well as providing evidence that MLN8237 may be an effective treatment for MPNSTs.
Ligament augmentation for prevention of proximal junctional kyphosis and proximal junctional failure in adult spinal deformity
Authors: Safaee Michael M. , Deviren Vedat , Dalle Ore Cecilia , Scheer Justin K. , Lau Darryl , Osorio Joseph A. , Nicholls Fred , Ames Christopher P.
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE

Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a well-recognized, yet incompletely defined, complication of adult spinal deformity surgery. There is no standardized definition for PJK, but most studies describe PJK as an increase in the proximal junctional angle (PJA) of greater than 10°–20°. Ligament augmentation is a novel strategy for PJK reduction that provides strength to the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and adjacent segments while also reducing junctional stress at those levels.

METHODS

In this study, ligament augmentation was used in a consecutive series of adult spinal deformity patients at a single institution. Patient demographics, including age; sex; indication for surgery; revision surgery; surgical approach; and use of 3-column osteotomies, vertebroplasty, or hook fixation at the UIV, were collected. The PJA was measured preoperatively and at last follow-up using 36-inch radiographs. Data on change in PJA and need for revision surgery were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with change in PJA and proximal junctional failure (PJF), defined as PJK requiring surgical correction.

RESULTS

A total of 200 consecutive patients were included: 100 patients before implementation of ligament augmentation and 100 patients after implementation of this technique. The mean age of the ligament augmentation cohort was 66 years, and 67% of patients were women. Over half of these cases (51%) were revision surgeries, with 38% involving a combined anterior or lateral and posterior approach. The mean change in PJA was 6° in the ligament augmentation group compared with 14° in the control group (p < 0.001). Eighty-four patients had a change in PJA of less than 10°. In a multivariate linear regression model, age (p = 0.016), use of hook fixation at the UIV (p = 0.045), and use of ligament augmentation (p < 0.001) were associated with a change in PJA. In a separate model, only ligament augmentation (OR 0.193, p = 0.012) showed a significant association with PJF.

CONCLUSIONS

Ligament augmentation represents a novel technique for the prevention of PJK and PJF. Compared with a well-matched historical cohort, ligament augmentation is associated with a significant decrease in PJK and PJF. These data support the implementation of ligament augmentation in surgery for adult spinal deformity, particularly in patients with a high risk of developing PJK and PJF.
Low Prevalence of Cancer in Patients with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Authors: Katisko Kasper , Haapasalo Annakaisa , Koivisto Anne , Krüger Johanna , Hartikainen Päivi , Korhonen Ville , Helisalmi Seppo , Herukka Sanna-Kaisa , Remes Anne M. , Solje Eino
Published: February 2018

Several studies have reported reduced risk of cancer in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease. The relationship between cancer and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) has not been previously reported. Here, our aim was to evaluate the occurrence of cancer in Finnish FTLD patients with a high proportion of C9ORF72 repeat expansion carriers in comparison to age- and sex-matched group of AD patients and control subjects classified as not cognitively impaired (NCI). The prevalence of cancer was 9.7% in FTLD, 18.7% in AD, and 17.4% in NCI (FTLD versus AD p = 0.012, FTLD versus NCI p = 0.029) groups. No differences were observed between C9ORF72 repeat expansion carriers and non-carriers inside the FTLD group. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing significantly lower prevalence of cancer in FTLD patients compared to patients with AD or NCI subjects. Our data suggest an inverse association between neurodegeneration and cancer and that FTLD-specific mechanisms may underlie the especially strong inverse association observed in this study.
Albuminuria and Microalbuminuria as Predictors of Cognitive Performance in a General Population: An 11-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Ekblad Laura L. , Toppala Sini , Johansson Jouni K. , Koskinen Seppo , Sundvall Jouko , Rinne Juha O. , Puukka Pauli , Viitanen Matti , Jula Antti
Published: February 2018

Microalbuminuria, defined as urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)>3.0 mg/mmol and ≤ 30 mg/mmol, is an early marker of endothelial damage of the renal glomeruli. Recent research suggests an association among microalbuminuria, albuminuria (UACR > 3.0 mg/mmol), and cognitive impairment. Previous studies on microalbuminuria, albuminuria, and cognition in the middle-aged have not provided repeated cognitive testing at different time-points. We hypothesized that albuminuria (micro- plus macroalbuminuria) and microalbuminuria would predict cognitive decline independently of previously reported risk factors for cognitive decline, including cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, we hypothesized that UACR levels even below the cut-off for microalbuminuria might be associated with cognitive functioning. These hypotheses were tested in the Finnish nationwide, population-based Health 2000 Survey ( n = 5,921, mean age 52.6, 55.0% women), and its follow-up, Health 2011 ( n = 3,687, mean age at baseline 49.3, 55.6% women). Linear regression analysis was used to determine the associations between measures of albuminuria and cognitive performance. Cognitive functions were assessed with verbal fluency, word-list learning, word-list delayed recall (at baseline and at follow-up), and with simple and visual choice reaction time tests (at baseline only). Here, we show that micro- plus macroalbuminuria associated with poorer word-list learning and a slower reaction time at baseline, with poorer word-list learning at follow-up, and with a steeper decline in word-list learning during 11 years after multivariate adjustments. Also, higher continuous UACR consistently associated with poorer verbal fluency at levels below microalbuminuria. These results suggest that UACR might have value in evaluating the risk for cognitive decline.
Generation of a New Tau Knockout (tauΔex1) Line Using CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Mice
Authors: Tan Daniel C.S. , Yao Sherilyn , Ittner Arne , Bertz Josefine , Ke Yazi D. , Ittner Lars M. , Delerue Fabien
Published: February 2018

Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias present with tau pathology. Several mouse lines with knockout of the tau-encoding Mapt gene have been reported, yet findings often differed between lines and sites. Here, we report a new tau knockout strain (tauΔex1), generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing of intron -1/exon 1 of Mapt in C57Bl/6J mice. TauΔex1 mice had no overt phenotype, but, in line with previous models, they showed a significantly reduced susceptibility to excitotoxic seizures, with normal memory formation in young mice. This new in vivo resource will be made freely available to the research community.
Actigraphy Detects Greater Intra-Individual Variability During Gait in Non-Manifesting LRRK2 Mutation Carriers
Authors: van den Heuvel Lieneke , Lim Andrew S. , Visanji Naomi P. , Huang Jana , Ghate Taneera , Mestre Tiago A. , AlDakheel Amaal , Connolly Barbara S. , Gasca-Salas Carmen , Kern Drew S. , Jain Jennifer , Slow Elizabeth J. , Pondal Margarita , Faust-Socher Achinoam , Rogaeva Ekaterina , Tomlinson George , Lang Anthony E. , Marras Connie
Published: February 2018

Background:

With recent advances in the search for disease-modifying therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) the importance of identifying prodromal markers becomes greater. Non-manifesting LRRK2 mutation carriers (NMC) are at risk for developing PD, and provide a population in which to identify possible markers.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that NMC have differences in daily activity, fragmentation of sleep, arm swing asymmetry, and movement variability during walking, detectable by actigraphy, as compared to matched control subjects.

Methods:

Eleven NMC, fourteen PD patients (4 LRRK2-PD, 10 idiopathic PD (iPD)), and twenty-nine controls wore wristbands containing an accelerometer for seven days, and performed a daily walking task. Outcome measures included daily activity, fragmentation of activity, fragmentation of sleep, arm swing asymmetry during walking, and intra-individual variability.

Results:

Compared to healthy controls, both NMC and LRRK2/iPD showed higher intra-individual variability in activity during walking compared to healthy controls. Individuals with LRRK2-PD/iPD, but not NMC, tend to have lower activity levels, more arm swing asymmetry and less increase of arm swing with transition from slow to faster walking speed compared to healthy controls.

Conclusion:

Higher intra-individual variability of gait-associated movements might be a useful biomarker of prodromal PD. These results encourage replication in a larger sample and longitudinal analysis is warranted.
Progressive Changes in the Retinal Structure of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Ma Li-Jing , Xu Ling-Li , Mao Cheng-jie , Fu Yun-Ting , Ji Xiao-Yan , Shen Yun , Chen Jing , Yang Ya-ping , Liu Chun-Feng
Published: February 2018

Background:

Many optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies have reported alterations in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether retinal alterations are a biomarker for PD is still controversial.

Objective:

To investigate potential correlations between PD and morphological changes in retina using OCT and to determine its usefulness as a biomarker of disease progression in PD.

Methods:

We performed a cross-sectional study on patients with PD (N = 37) and age-matched controls (N = 42), followed by a longitudinal study of the PD patients (N = 22) over approximately 2.5 years.

Results:

The average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness ( p < 0.001), total macular thickness ( p = 0.001), and macular volume ( p = 0.001) were decreased in PD patients compared to controls and had further decreased at the follow-up visit ( p < 0.05 for all). The average RNFL thickness and the total thickness of macular were negatively correlated with age in PD patients at baseline. Linear regression analysis revealed that age ( p = 0.002, p = 0.003, respectively) and LEDD ( p = 0.011, p = 0.013, respectively) were correlated to total thickness and volume of macular in 22 PD patients in the follow-up study. However, no correlation was found between RNFL and other parameters.

Conclusions:

PD progression is associated with pronounced retinal structure changes, which can be quantified by OCT. Patterns of RNFL and macular damage detected by the noninvasive technology of OCT can be a useful biomarker for evaluating the progression of PD.
Modeling Parkinson’s Disease in C. elegans
Authors: Cooper Jason F. , Van Raamsdonk Jeremy M.
Published: February 2018

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an adult onset neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by selective degeneration of neurons primarily in the substantia nigra. At present, the pathogenesis of PD is incompletely understood and there are no neuroprotective treatments available. Accurate animal models of PD provide the opportunity to elucidate disease mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets. This review focuses on C. elegans models of PD, including both genetic and toxicant models. This microscopic worm offers several advantages for the study of PD including ease of genetic manipulation, ability to complete experiments rapidly, low cost, and ability to perform large scale screens for disease modifiers. A number of C. elegans models of PD have been generated including transgenic worms that express α-synuclein or LRRK2, and worms with deletions in PRKN/pdr-1, PINK1/pink-1, DJ-1/djr-1.1/djr-1.2 and ATP13A2/catp-6. These worms have been shown to exhibit multiple phenotypic deficits including the loss of dopamine neurons, disruption of dopamine-dependent behaviors, increased sensitivity to stress, age-dependent aggregation, and deficits in movement. As a result, these phenotypes can be used as outcome measures to gain insight into disease pathogenesis and to identify disease modifiers. In this way, C. elegans can be used as an experimental tool to elucidate mechanisms involved in PD and to find novel therapeutic targets that can subsequently be validated in other models.
Hydrodynamic Mixed Convection in a Lid- Driven Porous Square Cavity with Internal Heat Generating Elliptic Block
Authors: Bhuiyan Abdul Halim , Munshi M Jahirul Haque
Published: February 2018

Hydrodynamic mixed convection in a lid-driven porous square cavity with internal heat generating elliptic block is numerically simulated in this paper by employing finite element method. The working fluid is assigned as air with a Prandtl number of 0.71 throughout the simulation. The top lid moves left to right at a constant speed (U0)with cold temperature and while the bottom lid moves right to left at a constant speed (−U0) with hot temperature. The left wall is heated while the right wall is linearly heated and heat generating elliptic block is placed at the center of square cavity. The effects of governing parameters in the present study are namely, Rayleigh number Ra, Darcy number Da, Grash of number Gr. The effects of heat generation and the porosity of the medium on the streamlines, isotherms, temperature profiles, velocity field and average Nusselt numbers are presented in graphical and tabular forms and discussed. An optimum combination of the governing parameters would result in higher heat transfer. Moreover, it is observed that both the Darcy number and moving lid ordination have significant effects on the flow and thermal fields in the enclosure.GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 37 (2017) 175-183
Vers une « nuit rougeâtre et non pas bleue »: Olivier Larronde et la résurgence de l’œuvre de Maurice Scève dans les années de l'après-guerre
Authors: Wishart James
Published: February 2018

(French): Les essais de Jean Tortel et Philippe Jaccottet, ainsi que la parution récente de « Les dizains contrastés » d'André du Bouchet, révèlent une véritable fascination pour Délie (1544) de Maurice Scève dans les années de l'après-guerre. Le recueil est alors redécouvert comme un « travail du voir » (Tortel) et valorisé pour la tension qui s'y trame entre construction et effacement de la forme poétique, générant un rapport inédit à l'image.

À partir des essais mentionnés, cet article propose une mise en perspective des deux premiers recueils d'Olivier Larronde, Les Barricades mystérieuses (1945) et Rien, voilà l'ordre (1956), où l'influence de Scève se manifeste au sein même des poèmes. Attentif au tissage du sémantique et du visuel, il montre comment l'espace figural de la poésie préclassique colore la poésie de Larronde et les différents courants de la poésie dans les années 1940–60.
Profaning Jewish Mores in Chochana Boukhobza's Un été à Jérusalem
Authors: Arenberg Nancy M.
Published: February 2018

As a transnational Israeli writer, Chochana Boukhobza delves into the complex problem of crossing borders in Un été à Jérusalem (1986), a text which focuses on the unnamed protagonist's trip from Paris to visit her family during the summer months in Jerusalem. Although the narrator had resided in Israel previously, she is forced to grapple with her ‘Otherness’ in Jerusalem, especially as a Jew originally from Tunisia. The narrator's crisis of exile is defined by her sense of disconnection to her family, the city, Israeli politics, and women's traditional roles. In this essay, particular emphasis will be placed on the protagonist's penchant for profaning Jewish cultural and religious practices, which is articulated through a series of corporeal transgressions. To launch this revolt against the patriarchal structure of the nation in Israel, the narrator rejects the submissive role assigned to Jewish-Tunisian women, and, in so doing, dismantles traditional gender roles.
Improved Methods for Predicting the Financial Vulnerability of Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Burde Gila
Published: February 2018

Using hazard analysis procedures, this study undertakes a longitudinal examination of Israeli Nonprofit Organizations’ (NPOs’) financial vulnerability arising from governmental funding instability. Funding instability is characterized by time-at-risk, which measures the level of financial instability faced by an NPO and reflects the different funding situations it encounters. The vulnerability is expressed by the hazard rate (HR), which measures the speed at which NPOs’ close at a given point in time. The probability of an NPO failure is then estimated. The improvements presented in the current work are concerned with the methods of estimation of time at risk, which is a key variable in the hazard analysis, and testing a robustness of the method. The generalized time-at-risk, which measures the “level of instability” more consistently reflecting different situations encountered by a NPO, is introduced. The definition of generalized time-at-risk contains arbitrary coefficients whose values the current study determines using some optimization procedure. The optimization incorporates the idea of testing a possibility of using the results for predicting financial vulnerability by dividing the set of 2660 NPOs into two approximately equivalent samples. The coefficients in the time-at-risk definition are optimized by minimizing the average distance between the HR–time-at-risk curves based on these two samples.
Antioxidant Tocols as Radiation Countermeasures (Challenges to be Addressed to Use Tocols as Radiation Countermeasures in Humans)
Authors: Nukala Ujwani , Thakkar Shraddha , Krager Kimberly , Breen Philip , Compadre Cesar , Aykin-Burns Nukhet
Published: February 2018

Radiation countermeasures fall under three categories, radiation protectors, radiation mitigators, and radiation therapeutics. Radiation protectors are agents that are administered before radiation exposure to protect from radiation-induced injuries by numerous mechanisms, including scavenging free radicals that are generated by initial radiochemical events. Radiation mitigators are agents that are administered after the exposure of radiation but before the onset of symptoms by accelerating the recovery and repair from radiation-induced injuries. Whereas radiation therapeutic agents administered after the onset of symptoms act by regenerating the tissues that are injured by radiation. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals generated by radiation exposure by donating H atoms. The vitamin E family consists of eight different vitamers, including four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Though alpha-tocopherol was extensively studied in the past, tocotrienols have recently gained attention as radiation countermeasures. Despite several studies performed on tocotrienols, there is no clear evidence on the factors that are responsible for their superior radiation protection properties over tocopherols. Their absorption and bioavailability are also not well understood. In this review, we discuss tocopherol’s and tocotrienol’s efficacy as radiation countermeasures and identify the challenges to be addressed to develop them into radiation countermeasures for human use in the event of radiological emergencies.