bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Apigenin, Luteolin, and Quercetin on the Natural Killer (NK-92) Cells Proliferation: A Potential Role as Immunomodulator
Authors: AUNG MYO OO@MOHD HASYM , MAT NOR NASIR , MOHD ADNAN LIYANA HAZWANI , AHMAD NOR ZIDAH BINTI , SEPTAMA ABDI WIRA , NIK NURUL NAJIHAH NIK NURUL NAJIHAH , OHN MAR LWIN , SIMBAK NORDIN
Published: April 2021

Cancer can be classified as a fourth leading cause of death in Malaysia. There is a continuous effort by scientists in finding alternative cure to cancer due to the known side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as recurrences. One of the latest methods to kill cancerous cells is by using immune cells known as natural killer (NK) cells. Flavonoids such as flavone and flavonol are also known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. This study was carried out to determine the role of flavonoid compounds of apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin to facilitate the growth of NK-92 cells. NK-92 cell line was grown in tissue culture flasks containing α- Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) medium enriched with L-glutamine, 12.5% fetal bovine serum, 12.5% horse serum, 0.2 mM myo-inositol, 0.02 mM folic acid, and 100 - 200 U/mL recombinant interleukin 2 (IL-2). The cell viability was determined via trypan blue staining where the cells were manually counted by a haemocytometer. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the cell viability of NK-92 cells after treatment with apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin. Results showed a dose-dependent proliferative effects of apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin on the proliferation of NK-92 cells showing the highest percentage of proliferation at 100 μg/mL for all compounds (*P < 0.05). However, exceeding the dose of 100 μg/mL had resulted in a decline of cell proliferations percentage. Based on these findings, flavonoid compounds comprising apigenin, luteolin and quercetin were able to induce proliferative effects on NK-92 cells.
Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Atorvastatin and Lovastatin on the Pharmacokinetics of Aliskiren in Rats
Authors: SHARAF AMAL , EL-SHAZLY KAMAL A. , ABD EL LATIF AMERA , ABDELKAWY KHALED S. , ELBARBRY FAWZY , KHALIFA HAZIM O.
Published: April 2021

The worldwide increase in the number patients with high blood pressure poses serious clinical challenges. Little is known regarding the interactions between the various drugs used to treat heart diseases. The present study evaluates and compares the effects of administration of multiple doses of atorvastatin or lovastatin on the pharmacokinetics of aliskiren in rats in an effort to determine their underlying mechanisms. A total of 90 healthy female albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. All groups were treated with aliskiren by oral gavage at 8.57 mg/kg daily for 14 days. In addition to aliskiren, group 2 received atorvastatin at a dose of 1.143 mg/kg for 7 days. In addition to aliskiren, group 3 received lovastatin at a dose of 1.143 mg/kg for 7 days. After blood samples were collected at specific time intervals, aliskiren concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Relative to the control treatment, atorvastatin treatment resulted in non-significant alterations in the pharmacokinetic parameters of aliskiren. In contrast, lovastatin resulted in a significant increase in the area under the curve, peak plasma concentration, and elimination half-life by 21, 10, and 72%, respectively. Additionally, lovastatin significantly reduced oral clearance by 23%. Inhibition of aliskiren metabolism via the hepatic CYP3A subfamily and/or inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein and/or the CYP3A subfamily was identified as a possible mechanism. This study is the first to report that only lovastatin causes a marked increase in aliskiren bioavailability. Caution should be taken when lovastatin and aliskiren are administrated concomitantly in clinical practice.
Analisis Status Alam Sekitar semasa Tempoh Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Akibat Pandemik COVID-19 di Malaysia
Authors: D’SILVA JEFFREY LAWRENCE , ABDUL RAHMAN HALIZA , DAHALAN DZUHAILMI
Published: April 2021

Alam sekitar adalah antara agenda utama ke arah mencapai pembangunan mampan dalam sesebuah negara. Sungguhpun isu ini penting, namun bilangan kajian yang berkaitan dengan status alam sekitar mengikut pandangan masyarakat masih berkurangan dalam konteks Malaysia. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, matlamat utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji status alam sekitar khasnya semasa tempoh perintah kawalan pergerakan akibat pandemik COVID-19 dan mengenal pasti faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi status alam sekitar di Malaysia. Kajian ini berbentuk kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dalam talian dengan jumlah responden seramai 507. Hasil kajian menunjukkan status alam sekitar bertambah baik semasa tempoh perintah kawalan pergerakan akibat pandemik COVID-19 disebabkan penggunaan bahan api fosil dan bilangan kenderaan di jalan raya telah berkurangan. Sementara itu, perkara yang perlu diberi perhatian adalah mengenai keadaan sungai dan pengurusan sisa klinikal oleh Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan. Kajian ini mencadangkan tiga perkara yang boleh dilaksanakan untuk kelestarian alam sekitar iaitu untuk meneliti bidang keutamaan ekonomi negara, menggalakkan penggunaan pengangkutan awam dan pengurusan sisa klinikal yang lebih cekap.
Association between Climatic Conditions, Population Density and COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: R. AZIZAH , SANTI MARTINI SANTI MARTINI , LILIS SULISTYORINI LILIS SULISTYORINI , MAHMUDAH MAHMUDAH , PAWITRA ADITYA SUKMA , BUDIJANTO DIDIK , NAGARI STEFANNY SURYA , FITRAHANJANI CENDANA , RAMADHANI FAIRUZ HANIYAH , LATIF MOHD. TALIB
Published: April 2021

The first emergence of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed cases found in Wuhan, China, has become a global crisis. At least 177 countries have been affected over 43,000,000 confirmed cases of corona positive and more than one million deaths until October 27th, 2020. Recent research has analyzed any possible factors causing the COVID-19 spreads were climate factors and population density. Indonesia was a tropical region known as the high-populated country in the World, with a 52.9% area with a high mean air temperature and over 267.7 million populations. Our study aims to analyze the correlation between climate, population density, and COVID-19 in Indonesia. We used the K-means cluster method and Fisher’s exact test to determine climatic conditions, population density, and COVID-19 clusters and study the correlation. Our research found that there is a correlation between climatic conditions and population density with COVID-19 (p: 0,034; p:0,004). Warmer climate conditions and densely populated regions contributed to the risen COVID-19 transmission in Indonesia. These are highlighted by the evidence of the top six provinces with highest COVID-19 cases are province classified in warmer climatic conditions (high air temperature, low rainfall, and humidity) and a fairly-dense to densely populated region.
Methodological aspects of the application of audio-visual tools for learning a foreign language and translation at the university
Authors: Popova Nina V. , Stepanova Maria M. , Kuzmina Anna V.
Published: April 2021

The paper discusses the methodological aspects of audio-visual materials use in teaching students a foreign language and translation. The advantages of using video materials in the university educational process are described. A brief overview of teaching technologies is presented, including the technology of writing subtitles, audiovisual technology for shooting video by students, as well as technologies for viewing video in a silent and freeze-frame mode.

A new audiovisual technology for teaching a foreign language to undergraduate students of a technical profile with the use of VideoAnt and MindMeister electronic resources to create a mental map is considered in detail. This three-stage technology, which is based on the use of advertising video material from the American company CISCO, has been tested at the St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications named after Professor M.A. Bonch-Bruevich (SPbSUT) for students majoring in Service.

There are also four formats of assignments for oral and written summary translation of video clips for master students of the translation profile of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU). According to the survey of the students majoring in linguistics, the most interesting and useful task for future translators was the task of interpreting video fragments in the classroom mode.

A brief analysis of the questionnaire survey results of two students samples, technical and linguistic training profiles, is given, most of whom preferred to perform audiovisual tasks in the mode of psychologically more comfortable extracurricular independent work. The mode of independent out-of-class work with video materials, well tested during the period of self-isolation, is preferred by 60% of the students from two samples. The proposed application of audiovisual aids for teaching foreign languages and translation to university students is shown to be efficient.
Are we ready for the new normal in e-business education? Sentiment analysis of learners' opinions on MOOCs
Authors: Derindag O. F. , Cizmeci B.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The new digital economy and its constantly evolving paradigm have completely transformed the model of doing business and the learning methods. MOOCs (massive-open-online-courses) and micro-credentials are the educations interfaces, have become an important teaching environment tool. Distance learning has become an indispensable alternative teaching method in updating and transferring classical education materials according to real-world settings, especially for learners in higher education.

Aim. The current research is aimed to address the society's readiness and attitude direction to the concept of MOOCs and distance learning, highlighting its emergence and inevitability for educational institutions of all types in order to make a fundamental change in their curricula, especially in e-business courses, which are the most demanded training courses on MOOCs platforms.

Methodology and research methods. In the study, the awareness and recognition of the online community on the MOOCs concept is examined. In this direction, Turkish people's perception and attitudes toward MOOCs have been addressed via sentiment analysis on Eksi Sozluk, the largest social communication and discussion platform in Turkey.

Results. According to the sentiment analysis results, it has been determined that 52% of respondents have positive judgments on distance education and MOOCs, 29% of responses are neutral and 18% are negative. In general, distance education and MOOCs are perceived as a useful new education model by the Turkish people.

Scientific novelty. This paper is the first sentiment analysis of learners' opinions on MOOCs and distance learning in Turkey. Considering the increasing awareness of MOOCs and the need for e-business education, as the most demanded type of MOOCs, this is the first study investigating the priority of these two phenomena within the context of COVID-19.

Practical significance. It is thought that this study will contribute to the stakeholders in terms of showing how MOOCs and micro-credentials have a high potential to understanding trends in education especially in the new normal after the COVID-19 pandemic. The holistic education model of institutions has difficulty meeting the competitive nature and result-oriented approach of the e-business ecosystem. This market reality requires the institutions to offer more to-the-point and applied education solutions. In terms of e-business (e-commerce, digital marketing) education, the importance of MOOCs as a solution-focused on “how” rather than “what” has been comprehensively discussed in the paper.
Morfología y evolución glaciar en el Macizo del Cornión (Picos de Europa, Montañas Cantábricas)
Authors: Ruíz-Fernández Jesus , García-Hernández Cristina
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se analizan la morfología y las fases glaciares reconocibles en el Macizo Occidental de los Picos de Europa, a partir de los depósitos y formas erosivas conservadas, de las relaciones morfoestratigráficas entre dichas evidencias, así como de la realización de dataciones absolutas de C14 en secuencias sedimentarias asociadas. Los resultados del mismo son la identificación de cuatro fases glaciares principales desde la Última Glaciación: Fase de Máxima Extensión del Hielo (MEH, con ocho glaciares), Fase Interna (con ocho glaciares), Fase Glaciar de Altitud (Tardiglaciar, con 37 glaciares) y Fase de glaciares de fondo de circo (Pequeña Edad del Hielo, con tres glaciares). La superficie glaciada en cada una de ellas fue de 7.329,8, 5.842,9, 797,4 y 10 ha respectivamente. Para las dos primeras se han obtenido edades mínimas de 36.718±1.203 y 11.150±900 años cal BP. Se confirma nuevamente la antecedencia en la Máxima Extensión del Hielo dentro de la Última Glaciación de los glaciares generados en las Montañas Cantábricas con respecto al Último Máximo Glaciar Global.
Cuevas en ríos de bloques y cañones techados en rocas magmáticas del NW/W de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Vaqueiro-Rodríguez Marcos , Vidal-Romaní Juan Ramón
Published: April 2021

Se describen los nueve tipos morfológicos de cuevas desarrolladas en rocas magmáticas que se han diferenciado hasta ahora. De todos ellos los tipos cueva de río de bloques y cueva de cañón de erosión techado son los tienen mayores dimensiones y mayor desarrollo longitudinal. Se presentan doce casos de sistemas de cuevas situados en el W y NW de la Península Ibérica y localizados en España, (A Coruña, Cáceres, Lugo, Ourense y Pontevedra), y en Portugal, (Vila Real, región Norte). Esto nos permiten mostrar el fenómeno a distintas escalas, revisar y esquematizar los distintos procesos que ocurren e interaccionan en este particular medio.
Hackeo urbano: prácticas artísticas para una mediación educativa y ciudadanía pro-activa
Authors: Fuentes-Lojo Juan Francisco
Published: April 2021

Los entornos urbanos de las grandes urbes, muchas veces son diseñados desde las organizaciones ajenas a los individuos, su memoria, sus vivencias y sus desigualdades. La trama urbana resultante acaba siendo un tejido discontinuo, por el que nos movemos entre diferentes nodos, empobreciendo los espacios intermedios; es decir, las fricciones que se producen en el espacio público.Frente a este tipo de desarrollo se detectan iniciativas artísticas, que serán estudiadas en el transcurso de este artículo, en las que los ciudadanos adquieren un rol activo en la producción de ciudad a través de la generación o re-configuración de espacios urbanos. Los instrumentos artísticos de esta metodología consisten en micro-acciones con un enfoque participativo; experimental y educativo, que permiten imaginar una nueva ciudad y sus posibilidades. De este modo, podemos entender estas prácticas como hackeo urbano, donde el término hackear se refiere al hecho de transformar e intervenir en el código de la ciudad, para poder cumplir nuevos objetivos.
La investigación educativa basada en las artes ya no necesita mártires
Authors: Mesías-Lema José María
Published: April 2021

Hace diez años, cuando esta escuela comenzó a funcionar, se consideraba que los métodos de arte progresistas eran innovaciones y experimentos poco dignos de fiar. Actualmente, nuestro método ya no necesita mártires. Se ha extendido a varias escuelas públicas que se han distinguido en su aplicación y que están siendo muy solicitadas por este motivo. (Rothko, “Cuaderno de apuntes”, 1934, p. 44)
NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM DOCENTES DA FACULDADE DE MEDICINA DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE DO SUDOESTE GOIANO
Authors: Vieira Beatriz Nascimento , Bastos Sâmara Huang , França Amanda Ferreira , Nascimento João Carvalho do , Canevari Carlabianca Cabral de Jesus , Silva Renato Canevari Dutra da
Published: April 2021

O ritmo de trabalho e o estilo de vida moderna influenciam em baixos níveis de atividade física, o que pode ser observado nos professores universitários. Essa situação pode comprometer a saúde desses indivíduos, aumentando o risco para inúmeras doenças. Desse modo, objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar o nível de atividade física e fatores associados em docentes da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Rio Verde. A pesquisa foi realizada através dos seguintes instrumentos: Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (versão curta), questionário para coleta do índice de massa corpórea autorreferido e de informações sociodemográficas, profissionais e de saúde e aferição da circunferência abdominal com fita métrica. Com isso, os resultados foram positivos para a correlação entre sexo e nível de atividade física, sendo que mulheres apresentam menores níveis do que os homens. Já as outras variáveis não mostraram significância estatística nessa amostra. Também, foram detectados que mais de 50% dos docentes possuem níveis insuficientes de atividade física, medidas elevadas de circunferência abdominal e índice de massa corpórea concernente com excesso de peso. Portanto, conclui-se que grande parte dos docentes apresentou um nível de atividade física insuficiente e dentre os fatores analisados, o sexo foi o único que demonstrou correlação significativa com a inatividade física.
ADESÃO AO REGIME TERAPÊUTICO DE PESSOAS COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA EM JALES, SÃO PAULO
Authors: Paschoa Drielle Thainara Perez , Marim Fernando Aucco , Rolim Filho Luiz de Arruda , Frias Danila Fernanda Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é uma doença crônica que pode resultar no aparecimento de alterações cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares e renais, o que a torna um relevante problema de saúde pública. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a adesão ao tratamento de hipertensão arterial por pessoas diagnosticadas no município de Jales, São Paulo. Foi desenvolvido um questionário estruturado sobre tratamento medicamentoso da hipertensão, adoção de cuidados dietéticos e prática de atividade física, e então realizou-se entrevista com 120 hipertensos cadastrados no programa HIPERDIA. Os dados foram dispostos em planilhas e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. A maioria dos entrevistados (73,3%) eram mulheres, 62,5% casados, com média de idade de 66,5 anos e 70,9% sofriam com a hipertensão há mais de 6 anos. Os principais medicamentos utilizados eram a Losartana, Hidroclorotiazida, Atenolol, Enalapril e Propanolol e, 63,4% dos indivíduos faziam uso da politerapia. Deixaram de tomar a medicação em algum período 22,5% e 10,8% já alteraram a posologia sem indicação médica. Com relação a terapia não medicamentosa, 51,7% afirmaram não fazer restrição alimentar e 81,6% não praticam atividade física. Associar a doença a algum sintoma foi relatado por 30% dos entrevistados e 18,4% acreditam que a HAS tem cura. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento sobre HAS por parte dos pacientes é satisfatório porém, muitos não aderiram ao tratamento. Por isso, o papel dos profissionais de saúde se faz necessário para despertar no paciente a importância do conhecimento de sua patologia, suas possíveis complicações e formas de prevenção e tratamento.
Proportional Reasoning Interventions in Special Education Synthesis Coding Protocol
Authors: Nelson Gena
Published: April 2021

The purpose of document is to provide readers with the coding protocol
that authors used to code nine group and single case design intervention
studies focused on proportional reasoning interventions for students
(grades 5-9) with learning disabilities (LD) or mathematics difficulty
(MD). The studies yielded intervention effects ranging
from g = −0.10 to 1.87 and from Tau-U =
0.88 to 1.00. We coded all of the studies for variables in the following
categories: study information, intervention features, dependent measures,
participant demographics, LD and MD criteria and definitions,
instructional content, study results, and quality indicators for group
and single case design. The study quality indicator coding portion of
this coding protocol was adapted from Gersten et al. (2005) and Horner et
al. (2005). This code book contains variable names, code options, and
code definitions. The mean interrater reliability across all codes using
this protocol was 91% (range across categories = 82%–96%). The
publication associated with this coding protocol is Nelson et al.
(2020).
Prevalence of Congenital Ocular Anomalies in Paediatric Age Group (0 - 14 Years) in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Kancheepuram, South India
Authors: Waris Syed Ali Nasar , Huda Rubina
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Congenital ocular anomalies are one of the important causes of childhood blindness. Blindness is a serious public health issue, and also a social and economic problem worldwide. Majority of global blindness is avoidable and curable. Most of global blindness is in developing countries. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of congenital ocular anomalies in the paediatric age group and its associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in Kancheepuram. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among children of 0 – 14 years age group attending the ophthalmology department of SRM Medical College and Hospital, Kancheepuram from December 2018 to November 2020. Congenital ocular anomalies were detected by detailed ocular examination and the type of congenital ocular anomaly was assessed. Associated risk factors like family history of congenital ocular anomalies, family history of consanguinity and significant antenatal history of the mother of the children were collected. RESULTS Out of 9865 cases, we found that 61 cases had congenital ocular anomalies. There was a male preponderance. Majority of the cases were in the age group 0 - 5 years. A positive history of consanguinity was present in 10 % of cases. The most commonly found cases were congenital cataract and congenital dacryocystitis. CONCLUSIONS Children with congenital ocular anomalies and functional vision should be given glasses and low vision aid. There is a great need for early screening, detection and treatment by paediatric or trained ophthalmologists in referral hospitals. KEYWORDS Congenital Ocular Anomalies, Paediatric Age Group, Prevalence
Safety and Efficacy of Del Nido Cardioplegia Compared with Conventional Blood Cardioplegia in Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery – A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Academic Centre in Kerala, India
Authors: Thyagarajan Biju Kambil , Sreenivasan Anandakuttan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND The del Nido cardioplegia was devised and introduced as a single dose cardioplegia for myocardial protection in congenital heart surgery by Petro del Nido and team. The most commonly used cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery was multidose blood cardioplegia which has to be repeated every 25 to 30 minutes to maintain cardiac arrest. For this, the surgery has to be interrupted leading to prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time. With promising results of del Nido cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery, more and more centres adopted this single dose cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery. We retrospectively analysed the safety and efficacy of del Nido cardioplegia and compared them with those of conventional blood cardioplegia in isolated coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS We have been using multidose conventional blood cardioplegia (CBCP) solution for all our cardiac surgeries. We changed the cardioplegia protocol to single dose del Nido cardioplegia (DNCP) solution in October 2016. We collected the preoperative, intraoperative and post-operative data of 100 patients in each group, who underwent elective isolated coronary artery bypass surgery. RESULTS The baseline demographic features, pre- and post-operative cardiac function, number of coronary arteries involved, and comorbidities were similar in both groups. There was a statistically significant reduction in cardiopulmonary bypass time (77.16 ± 13.13 minutes vs. 121.69 ± 28.18 minutes, P-value < .00001) and aortic cross clamp time (57.71 ± 10.6 minutes vs. 77.26 ± 20.29 minutes, p value < .00001) in the DNCP group. The total dose of cardioplegia solution required was significantly less in DNCP group (1000 mL vs. 2393.56 ± 592.42 mL, P-value < .00001). The mean post-operative hospital stay in DNCP group was 7.87 ± 1.25 days as compared to 12.49 ± 1.29 days in CBCP group with a P-value < .00001. CONCLUSIONS The del Nido cardioplegia solution is associated with shorter cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time, less volume of cardioplegia solution and shorter mean hospital stay. The del Nido cardioplegia can be used in adult cardiac surgery with the same safety of conventional blood cardioplegia in adult isolated coronary artery bypass surgery. KEYWORDS Del Nido Cardioplegia, Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, Myocardial Protection, Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time, Aortic Cross Clamp Time
Globus Pharyngeus - The Total Burden at a Tertiary Hospital in Gangtok, East Sikkim, North East India
Authors: Bhutia Tsewang Donka , Dolkar Tshering
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Globus Pharyngeus, previously known as Globus hystericus, is a persistent or intermittent non-painful sensation of a lump or foreign body in the throat of indeterminate origin. It is a commonly encountered clinical condition seen in ear, nose and throat Outpatient Department (ENT OPD). It is usually long-lasting, difficult to treat and has a tendency to recur. It is a common disorder and constitutes about 4 - 5 % of all new ENT referrals with a slight female preponderance. Sikkim is second smallest state in India with a total population of 6.1 lakhs. It is a mountainous region with subtropical climate. Central Referral Hospital is the only Medical College in the state and takes care of the patients from all over the state. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of globus pharyngeus among patients attending ENT OPD. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in the ENT Outpatient Department (OPD) of Central Referral Hospital, Gangtok, Sikkim among patients attending directly or referred from the government health sectors with complaints of globus symptoms in the throat. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 16.4 version and used for statistical purposes. RESULTS The total burden of the disease was found to be 0.6 % with 73.77 % of the patients with globus positive for H. pylori infection and 36 % of them positive for laryngopharyngeal reflex (LPR). CONCLUSIONS The number of globus cases found in this study (0.6 %) was comparatively less as compared to various studies done globally (4 - 5 %). The low number of cases determined in this study may be due to the bias of selection of the study population from the only available private tertiary care centre in the state. KEYWORDS Globus Pharyngeus, Foreign Body Throat
Etymology of the Color in Linguistics
Authors: Gorpennikova Yulia G. , Levchenko Anastasia A.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the concept of color in linguistic. There are opinions of scientists who analyzed the concept “shade”. The color must be seen from different points. The article presents the history of the color’s learning. There are some scientists’ points from the different countries. Linguists have opinion that the color in different languages may have the same meaning. There were many scientific experiments, which showed that the color can be a fixed lexeme and can have an alternative equivalent. Other linguists say that the color in different languages cannot have common features. The article emphasizes the need to focus on linguistic and cultural nuances. The color can reflect the culture of the country, man’s mental world. Some linguists underline that the color category is various. The article describes that the visual reception of people consists of the ability to recognize the color. It is impossible to say, what area of men’s interests can be without color. Particular attention is paid to the etymology of colors in the examples. There are many colors, which are very important in the German language.
Comparison of fall risk and risk factors between inpatients aged under 65 years and above in an internal medicine clinic
Authors: KILAVUZ Aslı , AKÇİÇEK Selahattin Fehmi
Published: April 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate and compare fall risk and risk factors

inpatients aged under 65 years and above in an internal medicine clinic.

Materials and Methods: The study is retrospective and descriptive. The study included 224 patients

who were hospitalized for any complaint in the internal medicine clinic of a university hospital between

June 2019 and August 2019, and whose data on falls were fully recorded. The sociodemographic

variables of the patients, chronic diseases, the number of drugs and the number of risky drugs for falls,

and the data of the Itaki fall risk scale were recorded.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.18 ± 17.66 (23-95) years. A statistically significant

difference was found between inpatients aged under 65 years and above in terms of itaki fall risk

score, number of chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, neurological

diseases and number of drugs, number of risky drugs, antidiabetic and antiarrhythmic drugs. A

statistically significant difference was found between inpatients aged under 65 years and above in

terms of fall risk according to the Itaki fall risk scale (p = 0.038).

A statistically significant difference was found between inpatients aged under 65 years and above with

a high risk of falling in terms of the number of chronic diseases (p = 0.001), presence of diabetes

mellitus (p = 0.007), presence of hypertension (p = 0.001), presence of heart disease (p = 0.002),

presence of neurological disease (p = 0.03), and number of risky drugs (p = 0.01).

Conclusion: Falls are an important problem in all age groups. Although fall risk is higher inpatients

aged 65 years and above, care should be taken in terms of precautions to be taken to prevent falls in

all patients. All risk factors associated with falls should be questioned in all hospitalized patients
DANÇA, EDUCAÇÃO E TECNOLOGIA: A DOCÊNCIA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Valle Flavia Pilla do , Ivanoff Vanessa de
Published: April 2021

Este texto consiste em narrar a experiência de ministrar aulas de dança e de movimento corporal das autoras em contextos diferentes de ensino. Quais estratégias foram utilizadas para trabalhar dança online? Quais aprendizados os docentes tiveram nesse desafio? Quais conhecimentos podem ser importantes para promover aulas online de maneira mais satisfatória? Tal processo envolveu busca de materiais sobre a tríade dança, tecnologia e educação, entre outras estratégias. Paralelo a isso, desenvolveu-se um questionário a fim de investigar as percepções dos professores do curso de Licenciatura em Dança da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) acerca do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). Após a análise das respostas, verificou-se a dificuldade ou impossibilidade de desenvolver as aulas práticas. Com essa base, relatam-se algumas das experiências de prática de dança.
PANDEMIA, EDUCAÇÃO E DESIGUALDADE: O ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM MEDIADO PELAS TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Brum Lucas Pacheco , Magalhães Marcus Vinícius Silva , Wolffenbüttel Cristina Rolim , Souto Carlos Augusto Pinheiro
Published: April 2021

Este é um ensaio que trata das questões relacionadas às aprendizagens e suas possíveis pontencializações por meio do uso das tecnologias. No ano de 2020, em meio ao momento em que toda a humanidade foi afetada devido ao advento de uma pandemia, causada pela COVID-19, mudanças abruptas ocorreram em todas as instâncias. A escola não passou incólume a todas as transformações pelas quais milhões de pessoas viram-se acometidas. No presente texto os autores tratam das questões deste momento pandêmico, convidando aos leitores e às leitoras para que possam refletir sobre o momento atual, tendo em vista as possíveis desigualdades que são originadas por meio do processo educacional mediado pelas tecnologias e meios digitais.
O ENXERIMENTO: A PRÁTICA DO GRUPO MAGILUTH E O ESPECTADOR EMANCIPADO DE JACQUES RANCIÈRE
Authors: Almeida Railson Gomes
Published: April 2021

O Grupo Magiluth estreia em 2020 o experimento sensorial em confinamento Todas as histórias possíveis, uma experiência cênica de observação individual, no qual cada seção é conduzida por um artista do grupo que entra em contato com o público à distância por recursos como telefone e a internet. O espectador é convidado a adentrar na dramaturgia e procurar ela ao lado do artista em tempo real, esse sujeito deixa de ser apenas um observador passivo da obra e emancipa-se sendo parte crucial da proposta ao lado do próprio artista, dialogando assim o conceito de Espectador Emancipado de Jacques Rancière que discute sobre os limites inexistentes entre espectador e obra de arte na contemporaneidade, sendo nessa reconfigurado para o termo enxerido (utilizado no nordeste brasileiro) para designa a ousadia ou o enxerimento do sujeito em fazer parte da cena.
CANOA-BACIA: A FALA-ESCRITA DOS PROCESSOS DE COLETIVO DE ARTISTAS EM SALAS DE BATE-PAPO
Authors: Duarte Tatiana dos Santos , Rodeghiero Thiago Heinemann
Published: April 2021

Este ensaio trata de olhar para os procedimentos de um coletivo de artistas para criação, pulsação e sensação dos corpos em meio a uma pandemia e é justificado pela relevância de pensar as trocas e diálogos entre artistas em salas de videoconferência. Desenha-se numa força de falar-escrever para compor uma forma inventiva de produção em arte contemporânea e, para isso, debruçou-se nos conceitos de pensadores e pensadoras pós-estruturalistas para encontrar vetores que colocam os corpos a se transformar. Agenciando com uma oficina ministrada por uma das integrantes do coletivo, criando uma canoa-bacia que enfrenta as resistências das formas normativas, convencionalizadas e retangularizadas, dando lugar à voz do corpo potência de presença.
EXPERIÊNCIAS ARTÍSTICAS COM PESSOAS IDOSAS: ALGUNS CONTRAPONTOS NA FERMATA PANDÊMICA
Authors: Kohlrausch Estela , Sacco Teixeira Rodrigo
Published: April 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 estabeleceu diferentes parâmetros de aprendizagem, convívio, criação e produção artística em virtude do isolamento social. Entre os diversos grupos de risco, considerando a questão etária, a população idosa foi fortemente impactada pelas medidas de distanciamento social. Nesse cenário, serão contrapostos dois estudos realizados com pessoas idosas: no âmbito das Artes Cênicas, desenvolveu-se um processo de criação em audiodrama mediado pelo tecnoconvívio, enquanto no musical serão apresentados os impactos relatados na prática de musicistas amadores em função da condição imposta pela fermata pandêmica.
PESQUISA PANDÊMICA: ELABORANDO CONTÁGIOS POÉTICOS PARA CORPOS DOCENTES, NO CIBERESPAÇO
Authors: Do Rosário Machado Marlise , Guedes Pacheco Eduardo , Silva da Silva Mariana
Published: April 2021

Este artigo fala do processo de pesquisa em desenvolvimento no Mestrado Profissional em Educação, da Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, que visa propor práticas chamadas de Contágios Poéticos, a docentes da Educação Básica, através do ciberespaço. Inicialmente busca contextualizar aspectos referentes ao teletrabalho, e suas possíveis conexões com a docência pandêmica, relacionando a questões de gênero e divisão sexual do trabalho, a partir do quadro de feminização do magistério, em interlocução com considerações acerca do corpo, imagem e culturas visuais. Embasa-se nas autoras Claudia Vianna, Paula Sibilia, Judith Butler, Silvia Federici e nos autores Pierre Lévy e W. J. T. Mitchell.
SPATIAL POSITION OF THE SPHENOIDAL YOKE OF THE SPHENOID BONE IN ADULT PEOPLE ON DEPENDING OF THE TYPE OF THE SKULL
Authors: Aleshkina Ol'ga Yu. , Bikbaeva Tat'yana S. , Devyatkin Anton A. , Markeeva Marina V. , Konnova Ol'ga V. , Polkovova Irina A.
Published: April 2021

Information about the typical stereotopic variability of the sphenoidal yoke of the sphenoid bone is necessary to expand the scientific and technical capabilities in neurosurgery. The aim of the study was to study the stereotopic variability of the sphenoidal yoke of the sphenoid bone in adults, depending on the type of base of the skull. By stereotopometry on 100 passported turtles of people of mature age (21-60 years old) from the collection of the Fundamental Museum of the Department of Human Anatomy Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, the value of the basilar angle is determined and the types of its base are highlighted; we studied the spatial coordinates of standard craniometric points (nasion, sellar, basion) and non-standard craniometric points: the front and rear edges of the sphenoidal yoke on the right and left, according to the distance of their projections to three mutually perpendicular planes: sagittal, frontal and Frankfurt. The typical variability of the spatial position of the sphenoidal yoke was established: in flexibasilar types of the skull – yoke occupies a higher spatial position relative to the Frankfurt plane, close to the front and both its edges are equally distant from the sagittal plane, compared with the level of platibasilar type. The height of the sphenoidal yoke of the mediobasilar type relative to the Frankfurt plane corresponds to the level of flexibasilar, relative to the frontal plane - it occupies a middle position between the parameters of the extreme types of the base of the skull, relative to the sagittal plane - its front edge occupies the same position as the extreme types, while the location of its posterior edge corresponds to the level of the plate-basilar type.
MORPHOLOGICAL PARALLELS OF THE STRUCTURE OF VESSEL’S WALL AT VARICOSE EXTENSION OF THE VEINS OF PELVIS AND LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Akhmetzianov Rustem V. , Bredikhin Roman A. , Fomina Elena E. , Konovalova Elena F.
Published: April 2021

The histological differences in the structure of the ovarian vein and saphenous veins of the lower extremities during their varicose transformation have been insufficiently studied in the modern literature. The study aims to determine the morphological parallels of the structure of varicose veins in varicose veins of the pelvis and varicose veins of the lower extremities. Fifty histological biopsy specimens of removed veins were examined in women. Of these, 25 large saphenous veins were obtained from patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities and 25 preparations of a resected ovarian vein from 25 women with varicose veins of the pelvis. The preparation was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and by the Van Gieson method, studied by light microscopy. In the study of the preparations, significant structural changes were noted in all layers of the venous wall, both in varicose veins of the pelvis and in varicose veins of the lower extremities in the form of a combination of atrophic, fibroplastic and hypertrophic processes leading to the loss of its functional properties. Depending on the decompensation of pathological processes, 3 morphological forms of lesions of the venous wall structure were revealed. The hypertrophic form was found in 17 (34%) surgery perform women, fibrous - in 13 (26%), atrophic - in 20 (40%). In the group of patients with varicose veins of the pelvis compared with the group of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities, the prevalence of initial forms of lesion was revealed. There was a correlation between the severity of venous vascular lesions with the duration of the disease and the patient's age, the number of risk predictors and a high body mass index, which was the determining factor in the occurrence of this phenomenon. The results of this study indicate the similarity of the pathological picture of venous lesions, both in varicose veins of the pelvis and in varicose veins of the lower extremities.
AUTOPSY FEATURES AT THE ACUTE DESTRUCTIVE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Imayeva Al'fiya K. , Mustafin Tagir I.
Published: April 2021

In all variants of the destructive form of pancreatitis, the involvement of adipose tissue of both para-pancreatic and distant localization was noted. In this case, it is necessary to improve the pathological diagnosis of acute destructive pancreatitis. The aim of the study was to develop new techniques for postmortem examination of those who died from complications of acute pancreatitis. Pathological studies were supplemented by the methods proposed by the authors, which made it possible to clarify the spread of the infectious agent through the retroperitoneal tissue. The scheme proposed by the authors for recording changes in the tissue of the pancreas and surrounding tissues after a contrast study made it possible to clarify the main ways of propagation of the purulent-necrotic process along the retroperitoneal tissue. The results of postmortem examination of 67 deaths from complications of acute pancreatitis are presented. Based on the study, 5 types of acute destructive pancreatitis were identified. In type I, the pathological process involves the right half of the retroperitoneal tissue, including the mesentery root of the small intestine, the para-pancreatic region, the right para-kidney and sub-hepatic space. The second type is characterized by the presence of inflammatory and destructive changes in the fiber of the right lateral canal, the actual retroperitoneal space on the right and the mesentery root of the transverse colon. Purulent-necrotic changes in para-pancreatic, left perineal tissue, mesentery of the transverse colon, also in peritoneum were typical for type III acute destructive pancreatitis. For type IV disease, in addition to areas of involvement as in type III, involvement of the pelvic tissue and the left sections of the retroperitoneal space itself were noted. The spread of the infectious agent to both the right and left parts of the retroperitoneal tissue was defined as type V acute destructive pancreatitis.
THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE LUNGS AT THE EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE INJURY AND ITS PHARMACOCORRECTION
Authors: Kulikov Oleg A. , Balashov Vladimir P. , Ageev Valentin P. , Semenova Elena V. , Shlyapkina Vasilisa I. , Zamyshlyaev Pavel S. , Lomachkina Marina S. , Letin Aleksandr V.
Published: April 2021

The study of lung morphology under the influence of various environmental factors is of great interest for various areas of medicine and biology. The study of pathological changes in the respiratory part of the lung of rats with aspiration acute injury and the action of pharmacological correction was carried out. Acetone was used as a damaging agent, and HyperHAES was used as a means of pharmacological correction, containing 7.2% NaCl solution in combination with 6% hydroxyethyl starch, as well as a liposomal form of N-acetylcysteine, which was administered to experimental animals once intravenously after induction of acute lung injury. The control group of animals received antibiotic therapy. The staining of the slides was carried out using hematoxylin and eosin. A quantitative assessment of the histological signs of lung tissue damage was carried out. As a result of the study of preparations of the lungs, the degree of pulmonary edema was established, as well as the anti-edema effect of pharmacological corrections. On the 6th day of the experiment, the anti-edematous effect was retained only after the introduction of N-acetylcysteine. Histological examination of the lungs showed generalized destruction of the organ architectonics in response to the impact of a damaging factor and its reduction under the influence of pharmacological corrections. In the control group, the signs of acute lung injury were most extensive. One day after the administration of the HyperHAEC solution, there were no hemorrhages in the histological picture of the lungs. In a quantitative assessment of the histological signs of acute lung injury, it was shown that the maximum positive effect from the administration of HyperHAES develops 24 hours after application. N-acetylcysteine primarily led to a decrease in leukocyte infiltration and prevented the development of a suppurative process. The lung-protective effect of N-acetylcysteine was realized in 24 hours from the moment of administration and persisted until the 6th day of the experiment. The use of pharmacological correction agents in acute lung injury was reflected in the picture of the lethality of the experimental animals. When HyperHAES was applied, 37.5% of animals died by day 6, in the group with N-acetylcysteine - 28.6%, while in the control group all animals died.
THE EARLY CELLULAR REACTION OF EYE TISSUES TO THE IMPLANTATION OF BIORESORBABLE DRAINAGES SATURATED BY IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS WITH A SELECTIVE MECHANISM OF ACTION
Authors: Germanova Viktoria N. , Sarbaeva Natal'ya N. , Karlova Elena V. , Volova Larisa T. , Nefyodova Irina F. , Radaykina Mariya V.
Published: April 2021

Prolonged use of immunosuppressants with a selective mechanism of action is a promising strategy in the prevention of postoperative scarring in glaucoma surgery. In order to assess the cellular response of eye tissues to the implantation of bioresorbable drains saturated with cyclosporin A or everolimus, a filter-type hypotensive operation with implantation of polylactide-based drains was simulated in 12 rabbits. Drainages implanted in rabbits of the two experimental groups under study were pre-saturated with either cyclosporin A or everolimus. The control group consisted of animals that were implanted with drains not saturated with any drugs. On the 7th day after the operation, the animals were taken out of the experiment, the eyeballs were enucleated, and histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as hematoxylin and Picrosirius-red were prepared. Using a score on a scale from 0 to 5, the cellular composition within the drainage material, the intensity of collagen synthesis in the drainage, the thickness of the capsule around the drainage, and the number of blood vessels were analyzed. In comparison with the control group, the study groups showed a significantly lower amount of mononuclear cells, fibroblasts and giant cells of foreign bodies, as well as a lower thickness of the capsules surrounding the drainage, up to their complete absence. In addition, the intensity of collagen synthesis inside the drainage material of the studied groups was significantly lower. The drains of the everolimus group were characterized by an extremely low density of viable cellular elements inside the implanted material and a complete absence of collagen. At the same time, no toxic effect of the substance on the surrounding tissues was found. Thus, the saturation of bioresorbable drainages based on polylactide with cyclosporin A and everolimus contributed to a decrease in the intensity of the formation of connective tissue elements both inside and around the drainage in the early postoperative period.