bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humanizing Soviet Communication: Social-Psychological Training in the Late Socialist Period
Authors: Cohen Susanne
Published: January 2016

Business trainings are not a post-Soviet phenomenon but developed within the Soviet Union beginning in the mid-1970s. The social-psychological training was an interactive method of cultivating communication skills that drew on western methodologies but adapted them to Soviet conditions. It is now considered one of the key sites for the birth of a new practical psychology that encompassed psychotherapy in the late socialist period. While often framed as a scientific intervention into individual communication skills, trainings acquired additional meanings in the Soviet context. For many trainers, transforming language became a way of transforming Soviet social relations without targeting the entire Soviet system. Trainings created a space for reforming the impersonal, distanced registers of “official” Soviet life and imbuing them with more “human” attention to people's emotions, intentions, and individuality.
Between art and science
Authors: Cook Nicholas
Published: January 2016

Musicologists have traditionally treated music as a form of sounded writing. Informed by interdisciplinary performance studies, this article explores what musicology might look like if it was built on the idea of music as performance, and how the study of performance can contribute to an understanding of the role of music in culture. In addition to traditional humanities approaches and the employment of close listening, the sheer number of recorded performances creates scope for the use of quantitative approaches. Setting these into the broader context of digital humanities, and putting forward the idea of ‘augmented listening’, I show how technology can serve to advance the understanding of music as cultural phenomenon and human experience.
What are prime ministers for?
Authors: Hennessy Peter
Published: January 2016

The article draws up an assessment of the resources and instruments a new prime minister inherits on his or her first day in 10 Downing Street. It examines the growth in the functions that have fallen to successive prime ministers, as heads of government, over the seven decades since the end of the Second World War. It explains the very special and personal nuclear weapons responsibilities that belong to a prime minister. It touches, too, on the physical and mental strains that often afflict those who carry the office of prime minister. The article examines Jack Straw’s proposal that the United Kingdom prime minister and the collective Cabinet system over which he or she presides should be placed on a statutory basis by Parliament.
Cartographers in the Caribbean: Economics and Mapping in the Colonial New World
Authors: Shapiro Benjamin
Published: January 2016

This paper is the culmination of a semester's worth of research and work conducted at the Burns Library at Boston College as a part of Dr. Sylvia Sellers-Garcia's "Making Hisotry Public" course in the Spring of 2014. This class focused on cartography from the early modern era, and this article focuses on an incredible atlas that was published in 1775 entitled The West India Atlas. The atlas, which is a detailed example of colonial-era cartography, was published by an assistant to a Mr. Thomas Jeffreys, who was the geographer to King George III at the time of his death in 1771. This remarkable text features not only accurate maps and representations of the Caribbean islands, but also vivid descriptions of the various territories and their histories. Both the economic contexts at the time that the atlas was published and how Jeffreys and his assistants chose to represent these contexts within the various maps through symbols and references to navigational resources were examined and analyzed.
Performing Redemption: Metzian Theology in the Art of Kendrick Lamar
Authors: Goldstein Evan
Published: January 2016

The German Catholic theologian Johann Baptist Metz makes a convincing case that in the face of the catastrophes of the 20th century, Christian theology can no longer isolate itself from its role as a perpetrator of injustice. To that end, he seeks to challenge abstract answers to theological questions with a renewed sensitivity to past transgressions. For Metz, Christian faith cannot simply be a matter of assent to theoretical propositions, but rather a practical engagement with "dangerous memories" of systematic injustice. In this paper, the author takes up Metz's conceptual framework for political theology and uses it to examine Kendrick Lamar's "Sing about Me, I'm Dying of Thirst" as a theological, and specifically soteriological, performance. By re-telling in his own voice the stories of friends who have died, Kendrick both documents the struggle they lived and reveals his own vulnerability to the same conditions (of sin). But in addressing this vulnerability, he transcends it, protecting himself from sin precisely by telling the story. The paper closes with some reflections on how Kendrick's track might gesture towards a mode of doing theology that subverts the abstract tendencies of the hegemonic Western tradition.
Teen Living Programs in Massachusetts: A Policy Analysis and Recommendations for Change
Authors: Gilfeather Lauren L.
Published: January 2016

Teen pregnancy is a prevalent problem in the United States. While national efforts are made to reduce teen pregnancy rates, far less has been done to assist those adolescents who are expectant or already parenting. The difficult life of most teenage mothers and their children call upon policymakers and social service providers to find unique ways of supporting young mothers in their efforts to become self-sufficient, delay subsequent childbearing, and promote awareness of child developement early in their children's lives in order to break the cycle of poverty and reliance on welfare. One of the solutions being implemented in Massachusetts specifically is the Teen Living Program (TLP), or second chance homes. The positive and negative aspects of this program will be discussed, followed by suggestions for improvement. Program design, implementation, and evaluation will also be formulated and delineated.
Staging the Nation: Theatricality in the Law
Authors: Gelmi Caroline N.
Published: January 2016

Theatrical practices in the courtrooms of the United States and Great Britain are examined in this article. These practices are viewed specifically in relation to the concept of "staging the nation." This concept deals with the notion of the nation as an imaginary entity, an idea constructed through cultural practices. Theater plays a strong role in the workings of the imagined nation. Yet, theatrical practices, outside of the offical theater, operate in many of the institutions that comprise soceity. The law, as a foundational institution, contains theatrical elements that aid in the "rehearsal" of the nation. Explorations of the idea of an imagined nation, the representations of national identity in the thater, and the presence of theatricality in the courtroom are synthesized in a study that seeks to elucidate the possible functions and purposes of theatricality in the law.
Long Shot: The Prospects for a Conversion to Euro Pricing in Oil Markets
Authors: Irvine Mark E.
Published: January 2016

Oil is currently bought and sold in US dollars on the major oil markets. Recent rhetoric indicates some exporters are considering supporting a conversion to euro pricing of oil. Yet, the dollar has a firm grip. A switch is unlikely in the short- to medium-term as it would be exceedingly difficult given the structure and inertia inherent in oil markets along with the euro's second tier status to the dollar. The turbulent politics of many oil exporting countries-especially Islamic ones-could spur a spiteful movemnt to end dollar pricing but the significant obstacles producers must overcome may be too great for now. However, both economic and non-economic political concerns as a sources of change become more probable as the time horizon is extended, allowing time for the euro to mature and achieve a greater stake in international financial markets.
Sin, Despair, and the Other: The Works of Soren Kierkegaard
Authors: O'Leary Scott M.
Published: January 2016

Soren Kierkegaard, the mystic existentialist, questions the role of despairing human life in his celebrated text, The Sickness Unto Death. In a disquitision both persuasive and troubling, he insists that despair, far from being a state of consciousness which should be avoided, is in fact a spiritual mood that brings the individual dialectically closer to the divine. But how can we accept the paradoxes of faith that cause such terrible despair? Our inability to come to terms with the elements of Christianity that Kierkegaard himself calls offensive, such as original sin and God's total authority over man, lead to a pervasive loss of self-consciousness that Kierkegaard sees as the epidemic of modern civilization. Like a physician, Kierkegaard diagnoses our sickness, and his prescription for recovery is paradoxical and provoking.
Hunger for Peace: Egypt's Economic Reasons to Seek Peace with Israel
Authors: Bradley, Jr. David F.
Published: January 2016

In 1978, Egypt's Anwar Al-Sadat launched a historic peace initiative with Israel, ultimately culminating in a peace agreement that, nearly 30 years later, still stands. This paper traces Egypt's economic status under Anwar Al-Sadat and concludes that Sadat, rather than just being an innately peace-loving man, had real economic incentives in seeking peace with Israel. Egypt diverted resources from its infrastructure and its people in order to pay for a heavily armed border with Israel. Hostilities toward Israel also cost the country foreign direct investment and foreign aid from the West. Sadat's desire for peace was literally hunger because his citizens were starving.
Lessons in Sustainable Development: Monteverde, Costa Rica
Authors: Zipprich Bernard
Published: January 2016

in August 2006, 16 Boston College students spent three weeks traveling throughout Costa Rica seeking to understand how the country has developed economically while preserving its rainforests and biodiversity. Many of the answers were found high in the hills of the country's continental divide in Monteverde where conservation and "ecotourism" have made possible an innovative model for development: a model built upon the combined efforts of private entities, government agencies, and international partners. It is a model that is reflective of the trends at play nationwide. This paper examines not only Costa Rica's current approach to sustainable development through the lens of Monteverde but also its difficulties within the present model and the challenges ahead based on competing visions for the future.
The Right Paradigm for Puno: A Microfinance Case Study
Authors: Brennan Kerry
Published: January 2016

Among the many program models employed to spur economic development, microfinance has risen to the forefront because of its promise of a "win-win" situation for donors and clients. Microfinance institutions provide financial services such as small business loans to poor borrowers who would otherwise lack credit access. Because these institutions boast repayments rates as good as or better than traditional institutions, the promise of sustainability or even profitability exists. And yet, while this promise attracts attention to microfinance institutions and their development goals, it may place too much pressure on some programs. Two broad paradigms apply to the goals of microfinance: the institutionist and the welfarist. Using the example of a small microfinance program in Peru, this paper explores some of the issues surrounding the use of each paradigm in evaluating individual microfinance programs.
A Tradition of Racism: The French National Front
Authors: Lagaard Soren
Published: January 2016

This essay considers the historical and political development of French far-right sentiment and discourse as encapsulated by the National Front (FN) party today. Focusing on three key areas-anti-Semitism and its political implications, nationalism and the dueling notion of French identity, and the historical myths that augment and legitimate both-I seek to show how the National Front has successfully played upon these traditional, often racist, tendencies to achieve its present electoral success. The problems and insecurities manifested in France today-globalization, immigration, and job security-are, to a degree, the problems of a hundred years ago. The FN advocates a simple, compelling, and above all, consistent answer to these complex issues that appeals to many caught in the identity flux of the 21st century. As long as these problems remain unresolved, the FN will enjoy sizeable support.
Lessons in Devotion: A Convergence of Christian and Hindu Religiosity
Authors: Hubele Michelle
Published: January 2016

While spending time in Bangalore, Varanasi, and Arunachala, India, Michelle Hubele investigated the importance of devotion in the Bhakti, Karma, and Jnana paths of Hinduism. Interviewing members of each tradition, she was able to learn first-hand how each group perceives the significance of their acts of devotion within the larger matrix of their religiosity. From there, Ms. Hubele was able to come to a greater awareness of how the outward expressions of faith in the traditions revealed each path's understanding of God. This research ultimately allowed her to analyze what important lessons Christianity and Hinduism could learn from one another with regards to their use of devotion in their respective theologies.
A Confluence of Conservative Principles: Newt Gingrich, the Republican Party, and 1990s Welfare Reform
Authors: McMahon Sean
Published: January 2016

Welfare reform in the United States, always a contentious subject, became a prominent national issue in the 1990s, leading up to the 1996 passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA). The reform was pushed through Congress by a resurgent Republican Party led by the fiery Speaker of the House, Newt Gingrich. Today, PRWORA is still hailed by many conservatives as a major step forward in changing the way social welfare works in America. It is not immediately obvious, however, just how conservative Republican welfare reform really was. In fact, the reform effort and the ideologies and justifications behind it had their roots in the Elizabethan poor law of 17th century England. The concepts of paternalism and social darwinism that were so prevalent in the old English laws were major characteristics of 1990s welfare reform in the United States as well.
Music as Mirror: Dante's Treatment of Music in the Divine Comedy
Authors: Aste Kristina
Published: January 2016

A time of great musical development, the fourteenth century is the perfect backdrop for the auditory allusions of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy. This article argues that Dante utilizes musical imagery as an essential component of his allegory. Influenced by both Christian thinkers and philosophers, Dante likely viewed scholastic music as an adjunct of religion. In the Divine Comedy, therefore, Dante presents auditory allusions as an inextricable factor of the protagonist's epic pilgrimage through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. Through a progression of anti-music in Inferno to human context in Purgatory to the music of the spheres in Paradise, this essay explores how the musical langauge of Dante's Divine Comedy conveys humanity's innate connection with God.
Today's Russian Intelligentsia: A New Role in the Post-Soviet Political Order
Authors: Barnes Quintin
Published: January 2016

A vibrant intellectual class is an integral component in any healthy society. The intelligentsia developed in Russia in the nineteenth century and are historically defined by high moral principles, justice, freedom, rule of law, and their role as producers of the predominant Russian discourse. In the post-Soviet political paradigm, intellectual development was needed more than ever. However, instead of an emergent intellectual class free from government control, true intellectuals were unable to transform in the interim years and subsequently retreated from the function they historically performed. The intelligentsia were co-opted by the post-Soviet Russian government much as they were in the Soviet Union. Even the word has lost its social value today as a different class of social elites is increasingly promoted in media and political circles. Some groups still remain true to the traditional intelligentsia, but they are the few who keep this important Russian social class alive.
Victor Horta's Vision: Art Nouveau, Fusion of Function and Form
Authors: Swofford Kate
Published: January 2016

Working at the turn of the century, the Belgian Victor Horta was one of the art nouveau's premiere architects and designers. The goals of his work are realized most successfully in the townhouses he created. Practicality and the aesthetics blend seamlessly together, resulting in buildings simultaneously revolutionary in their innovation and classical in their emphasis on harmony and order. As characteristic of art nouveau, the first self-consciously modern style of architecture, Horta stressed organic forms in design as well as structure. He counterbalanced the inherently static and rigid nature of the edifice with natural, curving shapes to render the home more appealing to its residents. Furthermore, Horta and his clients saw their association with art nouveau as a reflection of their ultra-liberal, progressive political views. In many ways, Victor Horta's work represents the pinnacle of art nouveau, not simply in its rejection of architectural conventions and its emphasis on integration, but also in its respect for the merit of classical works. This concurrence is at the heart of Victor Horta's success.
Hearing the Classes: A Study of Cochlear Implantation and Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Koniares Katherine
Published: January 2016

Profound hearing loss affects thousands of people in the United States and the United Kingdom, with a higher incidence among people of low socioeconomic status. A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that has been demonstrated to improve communication and quality of life among profoundly hearing-impaired individuals. This review postulates that the rate of cochlear implantation among eligible candidates can be used to assess quality of healthcare, with a view toward examining disparities in healthcare services both in American free-market system and in the British National Health Service. A systematic literature search was performed for pertinent articles investigating socioeconomic status and cochlear implantation. Data from twenty-two sources were analyzed, and it was shown that-despite differences in the healthcare systems of the United States and England-similar trends are apparent in the two countries with regard to a lower rate of pediatric cochlear implantation surgery in children with profound hearing loss as familial socioeconomic status decreases.
Cunning Folklore: The Meaning of "Superstition" in Early Modern Europe
Authors: Gilman Alexander
Published: January 2016

Simultaneous with the European witch craze, early modern scholars began to collect the superstitious practices of the lower classes into writing. It was a task of compiling charms, spells, and rituals of a people thought to be vanishing and a lifestyle no longer deemed current. Schoalrs today erroneously label these lower classes "cunning folk." These practitioners of magic were not confined to a particular group but rather represented the lower class worldview in general. What is most useful about these folklore texts, however, is their revelations about early modern intellectual culture. These texts are a particular genre of literature, addressing the cultural context in which they were written in order to elucidate what contemporaries believed about magic practitioners and what these beliefs indicate about their intellectual worldview. What becoms clear is that the cultural meanings and functions of magic practitioners in these texts are inextricably tied to changing discourses concerning religion, medicine, and antiquarianism. Superstition in early modern Europe was thus used as a foil for "right thinking" and casts light on the concerns and prejudices of the educated class.
Relevancia del aprendizaje cooperativo sobre los diferentes perfiles de la dinámica bullying. Un análisis mediante pruebas de tamaño del efecto.
Authors: León del Barco Benito , Polo del Río María-Isabel , Gozalo Delgado Margarita , Mendo Lázaro Santiago
Published: January 2016

With this research we try to determine which dynamic profile bullying (Aggressor, Victim, Observer) is more relevant in cooperative learning intervention. We will use evidence of effect size. In order to assess bullying behaviors have designed an instrument "Frequency Scale Peer Bullying. Perspective Aggressor, Victim and Observer". We have worked with two groups of participants in the 3rd cycle of primary, a first group of 311 students we used for the psychometric analysis of the instrument and a second group of 110 students for intervention. Our results show that the inter-group effect size was high for the social exclusion factor for observer profiles (d = 0.64) and aggressor (d = 0.65). Also, get a higher size factor direct verbal and physical attacks on observer profile (d = 0.57). In synthesis, after the analysis of the effect size we found that cooperative learning is effective on the offender profile and especially on the observe.
Hipatia: a hypermedia learning environment in mathematics
Authors: Cueli Marisol , González-Castro Paloma , Krawec Jennifer , Núñez José C. , González-Pienda Julio A.
Published: January 2016

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Literature revealed the benefits of different instruments for the development of mathematical competence, problem solving, self-regulated learning, affective-motivational aspects and intervention in students with specific difficulties in mathematics. However, no one tool combined all these variables. The aim of this study is to present and describe the design and development of a hypermedia tool, Hipatia.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Hypermedia environments are, by definition, adaptive learning systems, which are usually a web-based application program that provide a personalized learning environment. This paper describes the principles on which Hipatia is based as well as a review of available technologies developed in different academic subjects. Hipatia was created to boost self-regulated learning, develop specific math skills, and promote effective problem solving. It was targeted toward fifth and sixth grade students with and without learning difficulties in mathematics. After the development of the tool, we concluded that it aligned well with the logic underlying the principles of self-regulated learning. Future research is needed to test the efficacy of Hipatia with an empirical methodology. <! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} > 
Autodiálogos y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Sánchez Flor , Carvajal Fernando , Saggiomo Carolina
Published: January 2016

The self-talk of a group of undergraduate students, both in general day-to-day and academic situations, was compiled and the effect on students’ academic performances was analysed. The results show that: (1) there is a correlation between the valence of general self-talk and academic self-talk; (2) participants exhibit more positive than negative self-talk, although they report more negative self-talk when faced with a more difficult compared to an easier academic subject, while positive academic self-talk was higher in the easy than in the more difficult academic subjects; (3) the negative valence of self-talk (general and academic), is correlated with the negative results predicted by the students six weeks before doing the examination and (4) for the difficult academic subject, but nor for easier subject, students who suspend report using less positive academic self-talk and more negative academic self-talk than those who passes. These results to encourage for wondering about the utility of training in the use of appropriate self-talk for coping academic situations perceived as difficult and improve students performance in such situations
Evaluación de una intervención dirigida a reducir el impacto del estigma en las personas con VIH capacitándolas para afrontarlo
Authors: Fuster-RuizdeApodaca Maria J. , Molero Fernando , Ubillos Silvia
Published: January 2016

The goal of this study was to assess an intervention program to reduce the impact of stigma on people with HIV and to enable them to cope with it. A quasi-experimental design, with non-equivalent control group and pre-and posttest was used. Participants were 221 people with HIV. of whom 164 received the intervention and 56 made up the non-equivalent control groups. The dependent variables were perception of stigma -enacted and internalized-, self-esteem, perception of self-efficacy, strategies used to cope with stigma -primary control, secondary control, and avoidance- and quality of life. Analysis of variance (MANOVAS and ANOVAS) was conducted to determine pretest differences and differential scores in both groups, and analysis of covariance (MANCOVAS and ANCOVAS) was performed to assess the efficacy of the program. The results showed reduction of perceived stigma and avoidance strategies and an increase in perceived self-efficacy to cope with stigma, disposition to use approach strategies, self-esteem, and quality of life. These results indicate that is possible to train people with HIV to cope with stigma.
Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica.
Authors: Jiménez-Barbero José Antonio , Ruiz-Hernández José Antonio , Velandrino-Nicolás Antonio Pablo , Llor-Zaragoza Laura
Published: January 2016

Externalizing Behavior Disorders are one of the most common mental health problems among adolescents, and they have a severe impact on family, school, and social settings. The purpose of this study was to compare adolescents from the general population without an externalizing behavior diagnosis with adolescents from a clinical sample in a series of variables identified as predictors of externalizing behavior. The study included adolescents aged between 12-15 years from the Region of Murcia. A cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical design was used with a sample of 327 adolescents, who were distributed as follows: (a) Clinical Group, made up of 59 participants, and (b) General Group, made up of 268 adolescents.

The results of this study indicate that externalizing behavior is mainly related to Impulsivity, although modulated by factors related to the adolescent's family and cultural socialization. The adolescents of the clinical sample described the parental styles they received as more authoritarian and less inductive than those of the adolescents from the general population.

 
Efectos de la intervención en conciencia morfológica sobre la lectura, escritura y comprensión: Meta-análisis
Authors: Rueda-Sánchez Mercedes I. , López-Bastida Patricia
Published: January 2016

The aim is to check, through a meta-analysis, the impact of morphological awareness training on writing, reading, comprehension and vocabulary of grade schooler. 31 studies were included in the meta-analysis; they were obtained from 19 articles that meet the selection criteria. Morphological awareness instruction has a high-medium and significant effect size in studied variables of literacy. On writing, g=0.491, SE=0.078, IQ=0339-0643, p=.000, reading, g=0.473, SE=0.096, IQ=0284-0662, p=.000, comprehension, g=0.468, SE=0.123, IQ=0227-0708, p= .000 and finally vocabulary, g=0.501, SE=0.152, IQ=0203-0798, p= .001. The test of Heterogeneity Q is only significant on writing so other moderating variables were explored but no differences between groups were found. It shows morphological awareness training improves reading, vocabulary and comprehension of grade schooler with and without reading difficulties. Nevertheless, the results on writing are more heterogeneous.
Habilidades fonológicas suprasegmentales y desarrollo lector en niños de educación primaria
Authors: Calet Nuria , Flores María , Jiménez-Fernández Gracia , Defior Sylvia
Published: January 2016

Recent literature research has shown the influence of suprasegmental phonology (the awareness of prosodic features such as stress, timing, and intonation) on literacy acquisition. However, the majority of these studies have been carried out in English. Moreover, the lexical level has been the most explored component. The current study analyzes the relationship between suprasegmental phonology skills and reading development in 92 Spanish primary-school children of 5thgrade. Vocabulary, phonological awareness, suprasegmental skills (lexical- and metrical-stress sensitivity, and non-linguistic rhythm) along with reading aloud and reading comprehension were assessed. Results suggest that suprasegmental phonology predicts a significative amount of variance in reading once phonological awareness and vocabulary were controlled. Furthermore, the components of suprasegmental skills (lexical- and metrical-stress sensitivity, and non-linguistic rhythm) have different relationships with reading skills.
Mucinous precursor lesions of mucinous carcinoma in breast: Incidence and histopathologic features
Authors: Jung Min Jung , Kim Young Ok
Published: January 2016

Objectives Columnar cell lesion (CCL), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may be premalignant lesion of mammary invasive carcinoma. A few recent investigators reported that the precursor lesions exhibited mucin production and they might be potential precursor lesion for mucinous carcinoma (mCA). This study aims to investigate the incidence and histopathologic characteristics of mucinous precursor lesions, including mucinous DCIS (mDCIS) and mucinous CCL (mCCL). Methods We retrospectively analyzed invasive carcinomas with mucin. Cases were grouped into three subgroups: pure mCA, mixed mCA, and invasive carcinoma of no special type with mucin production (IC of NST-m). Precursor lesions were evaluated with PAS and alcian blue staining. Results Total 27 cases of invasive carcinoma with mucin were analysed and classified as 18 pure mCA, 7 mixed mCA, and 2 IC of NST-m. mDCISs were found in 12 pure mCA, 4 mixed mCA and 2 IC of NST-m. mCCLs were found in 7 pure mCA and 2 mixed mCA. Majority of mucin was identified in both cytoplasm and ductal lumen, while some tumors exhibited only cytoplasmic mucin. We also observed three patterns of mDCIS classifiable by location of mucin and architecture of tumor cells. Conclusions Cytoplasmic mucin suggested that mucinous feature of precursor lesions in the vicinity of mCA might not be a passive morphologic finding but be involved in development of mCA.
A Case Of Huge Brunner's Gland Adenoma With Acute Bleeding Treated By Endoscopic Resection
Authors: Park Pyung Kang , Chung Woo-Cho , Lee Kyoung Yong , Lee Sung Hak , Jang Jae Jung , Suh Seungchul
Published: January 2016

Brunner's gland adenoma is a rare benign small bowel neoplasm and it represents 10% of small bowel benign tumor. Most of adenoma manifest as polypoidal, multiple and size does not exceed 1 cm and mostly asymptomatic, but the lesion larger than 1 ㎝ is solitary and can cause bleeding, obstruction, intussusception and there are some reports of showing malignant transformation. Until the present, there are two cases of over 8㎝ huge Brunner's gland adenoma in Korea and each of their chief complaint was abdominal discomfort and melena, but there is no case report of over 8 ㎝ Brunner's gland adenoma accompanied with acute bleeding as seen in this case. We diagnosed an 8 ㎝ sized, huge duodenal Brunner's gland adenoma which accompanied with acute bleeding and treated it by endoscopic resection using an IT-knife, successfully.
Le blanchiment de l’intersectionnalité
Authors: Bilge Sirma
Published: January 2016

Le féminisme académique entretient une relation ambiguë avec l’intersectionnalité qu’il encense et discipline du même souffle. Par un ensemble de discours et de pratiques, la pensée critique raciale est évacuée de l’appareillage actuel de l’intersectionnalité et les personnes racialisées comme productrices des savoirs intersectionnels se trouvent marginalisées dans les débats et les espaces académiques contemporains. La science sert souvent d’alibi dans de telles opérations. Ces dernières font l’objet de l’analyse de l’auteure qui les conceptualise en tant que blanchiment de l’intersectionnalité.
La violence intersectionnelle dans la pensée féministe autochtone contemporaine
Authors: Perreault Julie
Published: January 2016

En parallèle avec les luttes des femmes sur le terrain, un courant théorique du féminisme autochtone se développe depuis la fin des années 90. Celui-ci revisite le narratif de la colonisation et la théorie postcoloniale en y intégrant l’analyse genre/« race ». L’auteure tente d’inscrire cette production intellectuelle au sein du paradigme intersectionnel universitaire et de la rendre accessible à un public francophone qui la connaît souvent moins bien. En replaçant la violence sexuelle et le patriarcat d’État au centre du débat, les féminismes autochtones arrivent à percevoir une dimension politique souvent laissée de côté par les analyses intersectionnelles.
L’analyse intersectionnelle et l’approfondissement de la compréhension des violences sexistes par Femmes et villes international
Authors: Desroches Marie-Ève
Published: January 2016

Depuis quelques années, l’organisation Femmes et villes international emploie une approche intersectionnelle dans ses projets et ses mandats concernant la prévention et la réduction des violences sexistes en milieu urbain. Cette approche particulièrement utile lui permet de mettre en lumière les intersections entre les oppressions en jeu dans la construction du sentiment de sécurité dans les espaces publics. À partir des principes de l’intervention féministe intersectionnelle, l’auteure analyse les approches et les méthodes de travail de l’organisation afin de mettre en relief des pratiques en vue d’améliorer la collaboration avec les communautés dans des projets locaux et internationaux.
La télévision et la transformation de l’éthique islamiste : les présentatrices niqabées∗ sur les chaînes salafistes satellitaires arabes
Authors: Hussein Hasna
Published: January 2016

L’arrivée des chaînes salafistes sur la scène médiatique arabe a favorisé l’émergence d’une nouvelle visibilité des femmes véhiculée par l’image de la présentatrice niqabée. L’apparition de cette nouvelle figure est d’une grande importance, puisque ce sont souvent des femmes diplômées, donnant à voir une apparence ultratraditionnelle (intégralement voilées), qui participent à l’animation et parfois à la production de toutes sortes d’émissions sociales, politiques, religieuses, etc. Ces chaînes vont ainsi contribuer aux transformations de certaines éthiques islamistes, particulièrement en matière de visibilité des femmes salafistes et de leurs rôles dans la sphère publique, mais aussi à l’instauration d’un nouveau discours féministe islamiste.
Les facteurs de stress reconnus comme sources de l’abandon de la profession enseignante au secondaire au Québec
Authors: Rojo Sébastien , Minier Pauline
Published: January 2016

Cet article est consacré à la présentation des résultats d’une étude portant sur les divers facteurs de stress reconnus par de jeunes enseignants du secondaire comme pouvant générer l’abandon prématuré de la profession. La problématique de l’abandon de la profession par les jeunes enseignants s’ancre aux défis de taille auxquels ils sont confrontés dès leur entrée en exercice. Ces défis les dépassent et entraînent du stress négatif qui produit de l’insatisfaction, un sentiment d’incompétence et d’inconfort psychologique. Certaines recherches ont éclairé la problématique, mais la présente étude tente de mettre en lumière le point de vue d’enseignants du secondaire encore en fonction, mais ayant pensé à abandonner et celui d’autres ayant abandonné ou s’étant réorientés professionnellement ou inscrits dans une démarche de formation universitaire de second ou troisième cycle. L’étude de type qualitatif-interprétatif, à base d’entrevues semi-dirigées. Elle a permis d’identifier les facteurs stressants selon l’ordre d’importance attribuée par les jeunes enseignants, soit d’ordre organisationnel et institutionnel, d’ordre relationnel ou d’ordre motivationnel.
Outside Color
Authors: Chirimuuta M.
Published: January 2016

An integrated study of the history, philosophy, and science of color that offers a novel theory of the metaphysics of color.

Is color real or illusory, mind independent or mind dependent? Does seeing in color give us a true picture of external reality? The metaphysical debate over color has gone on at least since the seventeenth century. In this book, M. Chirimuuta draws on contemporary perceptual science to address these questions. Her account integrates historical philosophical debates, contemporary work in the philosophy of color, and recent findings in neuroscience and vision science to propose a novel theory of the relationship between color and physical reality.

Chirimuuta offers an overview of philosophy's approach to the problem of color, finds the origins of much of the familiar conception of color in Aristotelian theories of perception, and describes the assumptions that have shaped contemporary philosophy of color. She then reviews recent work in perceptual science that challenges philosophers' accounts of color experience. Finally, she offers a pragmatic alternative whereby perceptual states are understood primarily as action-guiding interactions between a perceiver and the environment. The fact that perceptual states are shaped in idiosyncratic ways by the needs and interests of the perceiver does not render the states illusory. Colors are perceiver-dependent properties, and yet our awareness of them does not mislead us about the world. Colors force us to reconsider what we mean by accurately presenting external reality, and, as this book demonstrates, thinking about color has important consequences for the philosophy of perception and, more generally, for the philosophy of mind.
Thinking like a Mall
Authors: Vogel Steven
Published: January 2016

A provocative argument that environmental thinking would be better off if it dropped the concept of “nature” altogether and spoke instead of the built environment.

Environmentalism, in theory and practice, is concerned with protecting nature. But if we have now reached “the end of nature,” as Bill McKibben and other environmental thinkers have declared, what is there left to protect? In Thinking like a Mall, Steven Vogel argues that environmental thinking would be better off if it dropped the concept of “nature” altogether and spoke instead of the “environment”—that is, the world that actually surrounds us, which is always a built world, the only one that we inhabit. We need to think not so much like a mountain (as Aldo Leopold urged) as like a mall. Shopping malls, too, are part of the environment and deserve as much serious consideration from environmental thinkers as do mountains.

Vogel argues provocatively that environmental philosophy, in its ethics, should no longer draw a distinction between the natural and the artificial and, in its politics, should abandon the idea that something beyond human practices (such as “nature”) can serve as a standard determining what those practices ought to be. The appeal to nature distinct from the built environment, he contends, may be not merely unhelpful to environmental thinking but in itself harmful to that thinking. The question for environmental philosophy is not “how can we save nature?” but rather “what environment should we inhabit, and what practices should we engage in to help build it?”
Thinking about Oneself
Authors: Musholt Kristina
Published: January 2016

A novel theory of self-consciousness and its development that integrates philosophical considerations with recent findings in the empirical sciences.

In this book, Kristina Musholt offers a novel theory of self-consciousness, understood as the ability to think about oneself. Traditionally, self-consciousness has been central to many philosophical theories. More recently, it has become the focus of empirical investigation in psychology and neuroscience. Musholt draws both on philosophical considerations and on insights from the empirical sciences to offer a new account of self-consciousness—the ability to think about ourselves that is at the core of what makes us human.

Examining theories of nonconceptual content developed in recent work in the philosophy of cognition, Musholt proposes a model for the gradual transition from self-related information implicit in the nonconceptual content of perception and other forms of experience to the explicit representation of the self in conceptual thought. A crucial part of this model is an analysis of the relationship between self-consciousness and intersubjectivity. Self-consciousness and awareness of others, Musholt argues, are two sides of the same coin.

After surveying the philosophical problem of self-consciousness, the notion of nonconceptual content, and various proposals for the existence of nonconceptual self-consciousness, Musholt argues for a non-self-representationalist theory, according to which the self is not part of the representational content of perception and bodily awareness but part of the mode of presentation. She distinguishes between implicitly self-related information and explicit self-representation, and describes the transitions from the former to the latter as arising from a complex process of self–other differentiation. By this account, both self-consciousness and intersubjectivity develop in parallel.
Transportation and Revolt
Authors: Shell Jacob
Published: January 2016

How political regimes have responded when certain modes of transportation—from carrier pigeons to canal boats—have been associated with politically subversive activities.

During World War I, German soldiers shot down carrier pigeons for fear the birds were carrying enemy communiqués; in Mexico, the United States, and other countries, mules were used for smuggling and secret travel in mountainous areas; in the British Empire in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the British feared that supplies for anti-imperialist rebellion were being transported by canal. In this book, Jacob Shell argues that many political regimes have historically associated certain modes of transportation with revolt or with subversive activities—and have responded by acting to destroy or curtail those modes of transportation.

Constructing a conceptual framework linking physical geography with the politics of mobility, Shell presents historical examples of the secret, subversive mobilization of people and cargo across watery spaces and harsh terrain, carried by watercraft and transport animals including pigeons, mules, camels, elephants, and sled dogs. Efforts to suppress such clandestine mobilities ranged from the violent (the shooting of pigeons) to the indirect—curtailing financial support, certain kinds of social knowledge, or schemes for infrastructural development. To show how such efforts at immobilization could affect cities and urban transportation, Shell looks at the Port of New York in the early twentieth century, where potentially transformative plans for inner-city freight transportation were rejected—likely, Shell argues, due to fears of anarchist activities. The innovative argument advanced by Shell in Transportation and Revolt challenges conventional wisdom about the supposed obsolescence of transport methods that have become marginalized in the modern era.
European Climate Leadership in Question
Authors: Torney Diarmuid
Published: January 2016

An analysis of the European Union's engagement with China and India on climate change policy that sheds light on Europe's claim to international climate leadership.

The European Union has long portrayed itself as an international leader on climate change. In this book, the first systematic assessment of Europe's claim to climate leadership, Diarmuid Torney analyzes the EU's engagement with China and India on climate policies from 1990 to the present.

Torney develops an analytical framework for assessing EU climate leadership that charts the factors driving the EU's engagement with China and India, the form of the engagement, and the Chinese and Indian response. He argues that EU engagement was driven by a desire to build its international role, growing concern regarding climate impacts, and an interest in the economic opportunities provided by the transition to a low-carbon global economy. European engagement with China and India took the form of institutionalized dialogue and capacity-building, with more extensive contact with China than with India. He finds little evidence of coherence between the EU's external climate change policies and other policy areas. Indeed, the overriding priority in both relationships was the deepening of trade.

Torney shows that China responded to the EU with limited normative emulation and lesson drawing; India's principal response was resistance. He argues that both European leadership on climate change and Chinese and Indian “followership” were severely constrained by a variety of factors, including the nature and extent of the EU's capabilities and the domestic politics, normative frames, and material interests of China and India, which did not align with the EU's agenda.
Compositional dependence of optical transition energies in highly mismatched Zn1−
xCdxTe1−
yOy alloys
Authors: Tanaka Tooru , Mizoguchi Kosuke , Terasawa Toshiki , Okano Yuuki , Saito Katsuhiko , Guo Qixin , Nishio Mitsuhiro , Man Yu Kin , Walukiewicz Wladek
Published: January 2016

Highly mismatched Zn1−

x
Cd
x
Te1−

y
O
y
layers with a wide range of Cd and O compositions of 0–0.7 and 0.005–0.02, respectively, were grown by molecular beam epitaxy for the application of intermediate band solar cells. The electron transition energies from the valence band (VB) to E
− and E
+ bands decreased with increasing Cd content. The variation of the transition energies was consistent with the theoretical calculation based on the band anticrossing model. The magnitude of the optical absorption due to electron transitions from the VB to E
− band was strongly dependent on the Cd content because of the changing character of the E
− band.