bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kompetenzorientierung in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung auf eine solide Grundlage stellen. – Praxisbericht über ein Projekt der PH Zürich für die Ausbildung von Lehrpersonen in der Berufsbildung
Authors: Schumacher Irene , Gassmann Christoph , Rosenberger Lukas
Published: April 2023

In der Ausbildung von Lehrpersonen in der Berufsbildung ist die Orientierung an vorgegebenen Standards seit Jahren zwingend vorgeschrieben und Voraussetzung, damit ein Studiengang durch den Bund anerkannt werden kann. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, dass der Bund seine «Standards» zwar mit «Handlungskompetenzen» von Lehrpersonen und Berufsbildungsverantwortlichen gleichsetzt, sie aber als Mindestanforderungen versteht, die zudem sehr offen formuliert sind. Die konkrete Ausgestaltung der «Standards» und die Übersetzung in die Ausbildungspraxis überlässt der Bund ausdrücklich den ausbildenden Institutionen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie die Vorgaben des Bundes an der PH Zürich umgesetzt werden. Der beschriebene Prozess vermag zugleich zu illustrieren, wie eine Institution in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung, die sich «Kompetenzorientierung» auf die Fahne schreibt, diese auch realisieren kann. Beschrieben wird ein Vorgehen in drei Schritten: Es braucht erstens ein gemeinsames Verständnis des Kompetenzbegriffs, zweitens einen Katalog von Kompetenzen, der die Ausbildungsinhalte in Form von Zielbeschreibungen definiert, und drittens die Operationalisierung dieser Kompetenzen mithilfe von Kompetenzrastern. Erst wenn diese Voraussetzungen erfüllt sind, hat die eigentliche Gestaltung der Ausbildung – Studienpläne erstellen, Ausbildungsgefässe entwickeln, Prüfungskriterien definieren usw. – eine solide Grundlage. Mit den Kompetenzrastern steht den Studierenden zudem ein Instrument zur Verfügung, mit dem sie selbst ihren Entwicklungsstand einschätzen und ihren Entwicklungsbedarf ermitteln können.
Vorbildung oder Ausbildung? Zum Erwerb mathematischen und mathematikdidaktischen Wissens in der Lehrpersonenausbildung
Authors: Brühwiler Christian , Ramseier Erich , Steinmann Sibylle
Published: April 2023

Gemäss der internationalen Lehrpersonenbildungsstudie TEDS-M verfügen die angehenden Lehrerinnen und Lehrer in der Deutschschweiz am Ende ihrer Ausbildung über ein vergleichsweise hohes mathematisches und mathematikdidaktisches Wissen. Um Ausbildungseffekte von den Eingangsvoraussetzungen der Studierenden zu unterscheiden und so Rückschlüsse auf die Wirksamkeit der Ausbildung zu ziehen, wurde in einer deutschschweizerischen Zusatzstudie eine repräsentative Stichprobe von Studierenden im ersten Semester (n = 1394) getestet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in der Primarstufenausbildung nur bezüglich mathematikdidaktischen Wissens signifikante Differenzen zwischen Studierenden im ersten und Studierenden im letzten Semester bestehen, nicht aber bezüglich Mathematikwissens. Für die Sekundarstufe I sind sowohl in Mathematik als auch in Mathematikdidaktik signifikante Leistungsdifferenzen zugunsten der Studierendenkohorte bei Studienende zu finden. Weitere Analysen verweisen auf Unterschiede zwischen den Institutionen der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung und bestätigen die hohe Bedeutung ausreichender Lerngelegenheiten für den Erwerb fachlichen und fachdidaktischen Wissens.
Freedom and Justice in Legal Reasoning
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Polyakov Andrey V.
Published: April 2023

It is a response to the article by V.A. Belov and O.Yu. Skvortsov “Justice vs Freedom = Law: Antagonistic Contradiction and its Solution” (Statute [Zakon]. 2023. No. 2-3). The author examines the positive and negative aspects of the concept of justice offered by them, emphasising its natural law orientation and ideological closeness to the school of “revived natural law”. Another positive aspect of the proposed concept is the recognition of human freedom and justice as inalienable attributes of law. The very idea of opposing justice and freedom is regarded as controversial. The author argues that justice must not be opposed to freedom, because this opposition does not allow to think without contradictions of the very notion of freedom. The “narrow,” socio-centrist interpretation of justice has no satisfactory theoretical justification and must be reformed. The author offers for discussion his own concept of justice in law, based on a communicative approach, dialogical methodology and the principle of mutual legal recognition. Arguments in support of this view on the nature of justice are derived not only from philosophical and sociological research but also from evolutionary theory, biology and neuroscience. The basic idea is to justify the existence of two fundamental traditional values that underlie human conceptions of justice: the value of the human person and the value of society. Their optimal coexistence is possible only on the basis of the realisation of the principle of mutual legal recognition and the mutual rights and obligations arising from it. In the realisation of this principle lies the idea of justice. Law is born not in a struggle between justice and freedom, but in a struggle for justice and freedom.
Posthumously Conceived Children in Family and Inheritance Law: “To Be, or Not to Be, That Is the Question…”
Authors:   S.S. Alekseev Private Law Research Centre, Aleynikova Vera V.
Published: April 2023

In this article the author considers the issues related to the legal status of post mortem children in family and inheritance law. The medical practice of posthumous reproduction has led to the birth of heirs during a long period after the death of the testator. The possibility of “creating” such heirs inevitably raises the question of the infinity of hereditary succession, the appearance of “lying inheritance” and eternal heirs. At the same time, the current regulation, focused mainly on the natural method of reproduction, does not allow establishing the origin of a postmortal child from a deceased parent, as well as “providing” him with a legal status in hereditary terms. The literal interpretation of Article 1116 of the Civil Code in the context of posthumous reproduction entails the necessity to define the term “conceived during the life of the testator” in order to clarify which of the stages of conception should be relevant for inheritance law: the moment of creation or implantation of the embryo. The comparative analysis of foreign legislation shows that the most liberal approach regarding the implementation of posthumous reproduction and the granting of inheritance rights to children born after the death of the testator is in Israel. At the same time, the approach of a number of US states should be recognised as the most balanced, taking into account all the interests. The research also made it possible to conclude that the recognition of postmortem children as heirs both by law and by will does not contradict the ideology of inheritance law.
Dual Representation (Agency) in Russian Law: Problems of Admissibility and Mitigation of Parties’ Risks
Authors:   “Rybalkin, Gortsunyan, Dyakin & Partners” Law Firm, Karimov Danil A.
Published: April 2023

This article analyses situations where a representative performs transactions on behalf of a principal with another person he also represents (dual representation (agency), double mandate). Economic considerations provided in this article show that dual representation implies risks for the principals, including those related to representative’s conflict of interests and abuse opportunities. At the same time, given its positive effects, dual representation should not be subject to general prohibition. As a matter of recommendation, the article provides a number of instruments for mitigating the parties’ risks in relation to dual representation.
Procedural Risks of Participating in a Court Session by Using a Web Conference System: The First Experience of Law Enforcement
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Kashkarova Irina N.
Published: April 2023

The procedural risks inherent in the field of e-justice are considered by the example of participation in a court session in the web conference mode. The practice of application by the courts of legislative provisions on the appropriate format of holding court hearings is analysed; by the example of specific judicial acts, emerging approaches to resolving issues by courts that arise during online meetings are identified. The “imposition” by courts of the remote format of participation in the process is critically assessed, as well as the imposition on the participants in the process of procedural risks associated with the inability to actually take part in the meeting for reasons beyond their control. Concrete solutions are proposed to minimise the identified risks and improve procedural legislation.
Patronage in Russian Legislation and in Reformed German Legislation: a Comparative Legal Study
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Ostanina Elena A.
Published: April 2023

On January 1, 2023, the law on the reform of the law on guardianship (Gesetz zur Reform des Vormundschafts- und Betreuungsrechts) came into force in Germany. This is a very extensive law; in this article it is proposed to pay attention to two interrelated problems: the reform of the norms on legal care (Betreuung) and the reform of rules about “Livig Wills” in Germany (Vorsorgevollmacht). Since the problem of protecting the property and personal non-property rights of a seriously ill patient is universal, this article also considers the same question in Russian law.
Two Fresh Books on Russian Law in the Age of Empire. Review of the Monographs by S. Antonov and Ye. Pravilova
Authors:   “Zakon” Journal, Vereshchagin Alexander N.
Published: April 2023

This article is a review of two monographs written by American legal historians of Russian origin. Both monographs touch upon important subjects (largely neglected by previous researchers) related to the Russian civil law in the late imperial period.
Effects of Application of Technology on Student Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Atieno Grace , Kinyanjui Gladys
Published: April 2023

High standard of discipline amongst students is not only important in ensuring excellent academic performance, but it also guarantees success in the achievement of other school activities and ensuring sustainable development and instilling of good moral standards amongst students. It is worrying to note that the challenges of managing student discipline in secondary schools in Kenya are pervasive and constant. Different discipline management techniques have been used in schools, but the majority of them fail. This study was designed to investigate the effects of using technology to manage student behaviour in public secondary schools in Nakuru County, Kenya. The study’s goal was to determine how the use of closed-circuit television (CCTV) affected student behaviour in public secondary schools in Nakuru County. The theory of Reasoned Action provided the study’s direction (TRA). Explanatory sequential design, specifically mixed method research design, was employed. The target populations for the study included 579 teachers and 11,412 students, respectively. The sample population for the current study was composed of ten public secondary schools. Five of the schools have installed all of either of the four technologies, while the other five schools do not use technology in discipline management. The study compared the scores of the two categories of schools in regard to several disciplinary parameters. The sample size was 270 participants. Both questionnaires and interviews were used to gather data. Experts from the Department of Educational Management at Kenyatta University determined the validity of the study tools. Reliability was established using the test-retest methodology. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data, which was then presented narratively. Through descriptive analysis, specifically using percentages and averages, quantitative data was examined. Inferential statistics included regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Quantitative data was presented in tables and charts. Results indicated a positive correlation between the independent and dependent variables. It implies that the more schools implement CCTV technologies, the more discipline can be managed effectively
Isoalantolactone Regulates the Activity of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Nuclear-Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Pathways to Attenue Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Oxidative Stress
Authors:   Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China, Yang Ying , Xie Yuan ,   Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China, Xu Huifeng ,   Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China, Xi Peng ,   Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China, Zheng Fangfang ,   Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
Published: April 2023

While isoalantolactone is a sesquiterpene lactone known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, its role in cardiac hypertrophy is unknown. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of isoalantolactone in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy using angiotensin II-treated H9C2 cells as a model. The Western blot analysis was used to evaluate changes in the cardiac hypertrophy marker proteins atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide and the activity of nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Rhodamine-phalloidin staining was used to measure the surface area of cardiomyocytes. Apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels were measured by flow cytometry. The results showed that isoalantolactone inhibited angiotensin II-induced H9C2 cell hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species and cytochrome C levels in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, isoalantolactone upregulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 and inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and p38 (a stress-stimulated kinase) activation. Collectively, the findings suggest that isoalantolactone can enhance the antioxidant capacity of H9C2 cells, reduce apoptosis, and inhibit cardiac hypertrophy, and these protective effects may be related to the regulation of nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activity by isoalantolactone.
The Preservation of Memory and the Management of Information as a Step towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Martins Susana , Carvalho Milena ,, , Pinto Cláudia
Published: April 2023

Sustainable development comprehends the balance between human activities and the environment. Today, more than ever, the need to act with respect for the environment and the urgency in recognizing that we belong to the planet, and not the other way around, have accelerated and generalized the demand for information about environmental sustainability, economic and social concerns, and the discussion about which Humanity should adopt paths to save the species. The United Nations 2030 Agenda recognizes access to information as a critical goal in the Sustainable Development Goal of promoting peaceful and inclusive societies, access to justice for all, and building effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels. In a global and inclusive society, people's access to information and the need to protect fundamental freedoms is necessarily the founding principle of the path to achieving global sustainability. The understanding of the world and society has always been founded on the study of the past, the knowledge of history, traditions, and memory. Only knowledge of memory allows us to know where we come from and to determine where we are going. Memory, which is nothing more than informational heritage, a generator agent of value and distinctive identity, is essential to create, distinguishing, and enriching socioeconomic activities based on the realities of the environment and local cultures towards socioeconomic and environmental sustainability and inclusion. In this paper, we intend to highlight the crucial role of information professionals in sustainable development, as they play unique and privileged roles in the preservation of people's identity and culture, as well as in the collection, research, processing, protection, promotion, enhancement, and transmission of information, which guarantee the viability of Humanity's cultural heritage and access to information as one of the goals of sustainable development.
MODERN TASKS OF IMPROVING AESTHETIC EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF PROFESSIONAL ART EDUCATION
Authors: Петрова Марина Игоревна
Published: April 2023

В статье охарактеризованы основные цели и задачи формирования эстетической воспитанности в сфере профессионального художественного образования на основе разработки современных педагогических образовательных инструментов, таких, как «ситуация успеха». Автором сделан вывод о том, что, с позиции педагогической науки, ситуация успеха объединяет в своем сущностном содержании специально организованный комплекс условий, обуславливающих потенциал аккумулирования существенных результатов развития определенных компетенций профессионального художественного образования, в частности, речь идет об эстетической воспитанности как базисном личностном образовании обучающихся.

The article describes the main goals and objectives of the formation of aesthetic education in the field of professional art education based on the development of modern pedagogical educational tools, such as the "success situation". The author concludes that, from the standpoint of pedagogical science, the situation of success unites in its essential content a specially organized set of conditions that determine the potential for accumulating significant results of the development of certain competencies of professional art education, in particular, we are talking about aesthetic education as the basic personal education of students.
FLUORESCENCE INDICES OF ZIRCONIA SAMPLES WITH DIFFERENT TRANSPARENCY AND DIFFERENT SINTERING MODES
Authors: Вердиян Самвел Арменович , Ненашева Елизавета Андреевна , Быкова Марина Владимировна , Саркисян Мартирос Сергеевич
Published: April 2023

Исследовано влияние температуры обжига и времени выдержки на интенсивность флуоресценции диоксида циркония «Ziceram» различной прозрачности фирмы «Цирконкерамика». Установлено, что интенсивность флуоресценеции снижается при повышении температуры от 1400ºС до 1600 ºС также как и при увеличении выдержки от 1 до 2 часов. С увеличением прозрачности материала, интенсивность флуоресценции снижается.

Investigated the influence of sintering temperature and time exposure on the of fluorescence of zirconia with different transparency "Ziceram" produced by "Zirconkeramika". The results showed that sintering at temperatures of 1400 ° C -1600 ° C with an exposure of 1 to 2 hours reduces the intensity of fluorescence. The more transparent materials showed lower intensity of fluorescence.
ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY AND RISKS OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT WHEN ASSESSING THE OPERATING EFFICIENCY OF AN ENTERPRISE (ORGANIZATION)
Authors: Честнов Андрей Вячеславович
Published: April 2023

Рассматриваются вопросы анализа рисков внешней среды функционирования предприятия, приведена характеристика методов управления рисками.

The issues of risk analysis of the external environment of the functioning of the enterprise are considered, the characteristics of risk management methods are given.
Gefahrstoffexposition bei der Flächendesinfektion/Exposure to hazardous substances during surface disinfection
Authors: Wegscheider Wolfgang , Beisser Renate , Martiny Anastasia , Naujoks Günter , Köster Daniel , Heinrich Birgit , Gerding J.
Published: April 2023

Flächendesinfektionen sind im Gesundheitsdienst und inzwischen auch in vielen anderen Branchen alltägliche Routine. Die eingesetzten Desinfektionsmittel enthalten teilweise Stoffe, die in die Luft gelangen und zu einer Exposition der Beschäftigten führen können. In einer Prüfkabine wurden Flächendesinfektionsarbeiten unter realistischen Bedingungen nachgestellt und die inhalative Exposition gegenüber diesen Stoffen bestimmt. Als Desinfektionsmittel wurden handelsübliche Produkte für die Wischdesinfektion ausgewählt. Die Produkte enthielten die Wirkstoffe Ethanol, Glutaraldehyd, eine Mischung aus Glutaraldehyd und Formaldehyd sowie eine Mischung aus Peroxyessigsäure und Wasserstoffperoxid. Die Messungen haben gezeigt, wie sich die Wirkstoffe auf eine Exposition auswirken können und bis zu welchen Flächengrößen sicheres Arbeiten möglich ist. Zudem ergab sich durch die gute Reproduzierbarkeit der Daten die Möglichkeit, Berechnungsmodelle zu überprüfen.
Digitalisierung der Funktionalen Sicherheit hat riesiges Potenzial
Authors: Sieber Peter , Schäfer Bernd
Published: April 2023

Bessere Geschäftsprozesse, Anlagen die in ihrem optimalen Betriebspunkten betrieben werden und umfassende Daten aus den Prozessen und von den Produktionseinrichtungen – die Prozessindustrie verspricht sich von der Digitalisierung geldwerte Vorteile. Doch Sicherheitssysteme gleichen darin bislang dem sprichwörtlichen blinden Fleck: Als Insellösung in der Regel von den Datennetzen der Automatisierungssysteme getrennt, entzieht sich die Funktionale Sicherheit bisher den Bemühungen von IT und OT. Dabei kann Digitalisierung gerade hier helfen, die wachsenden Sicherheitsanforderungen rechtssicher zu erfüllen.
PLEASURE AND DESIRE: EXPLORING FEMALE SEXUALITY IN JUDY BLUME'S FOREVER
Authors: AbdulAmeer Mr. Ameer Ahmed , Jani Prof. Dr. Darsha
Published: April 2023

Judy Blume is one of the first and foremost authors who had the courage to address teenage sexuality – a taboo subject - in an explicit and realistic manner in her young adult novel ‘Forever’ (1975). The novelcourted controversy and gained notoriety to such an extent that it was banned from many schools. The depiction of sex as a natural part of growing up and as an emotional and mental need of teenagers along with the moral and psychological complexities that it brings along, are portrayedthrough an evocative and intense narration. Teenage sexual encounters in the novel are more than just a physical act,they are a mirror to the ongoing saga of the teenage psyche in terms of love, lust, morality and attraction withblurred boundariesbetween them. The present paper focuses on the exploration of the teenage female sexual desires and also examines their quest to satiate it through romantic relationships.
EDUCAÇÃO, TRABALHO, SAÚDE E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM O DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO
Authors: Silva Giuliana Thaíse Araújo da , Araújo Odete Mary Ferreira de , Furriel Brunna Carolinne Rocha Silva , Reis Márcio Rodrigues da Cunha , Calixto Wesley Pacheco
Published: April 2023

A proposta deste trabalho é realizar análise dos índices e indicadores na relação das dimensões educação, trabalho e saúde no desenvolvimento humano e no produto interno bruto. A metodologia é concentrada em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com coleta de dados em plataformas governamentais. Adota-se o método quantitativo para seleção dos atributos, definição da amostra, aquisição e tratamento dos dados e apresentação dos resultados e utiliza-se a abordagem qualitativa para relacionar a análise de conteúdo obtida com a literatura. Os resultados apresentam que é necessário utilizar de forma efetiva as dimensões educação, trabalho e saúde, buscando nortear a construção de políticas públicas em favor da população. O estudo apresenta que, quando comparado com outras nações, o Brasil necessita direcionar os recursos públicos financeiros para setores estratégicos da área educacional, trabalhista e da saúde.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MÉTRICA PARA MENSURAR LETRAMENTO INFORMACIONAL
Authors: Santos Aline Ribeiro dos , Dutra Thalita Franco dos Santos , Andrade Maria Eugênia Sebba Ferreira de , Calixto Wesley Pacheco
Published: April 2023

A proposta deste trabalho é desenvolver métrica para mensurar a adequação de documentos oficiais ao letramento informacional. A métrica proposta tem base nos padrões de competência de letramento informacional para o ensino superior e descrição dos Índices de Desempenhos definidos pela Association of College and Research Library (ACRL). Após as análises dos Projetos Pedagógico do Curso de Pedagogia das instituições IFG, UFG e PUCG, observou-se que a métrica é capaz de indicar a adequação dos documentos ao letramento informacional, apresentando as categorias existentes e as não existentes, bem como a possibilidade do seu desenvolvimento durante a vida acadêmica do discente e promovendo o alinhamento dos documentos com os Índices de Desempenhos. Os resultados apresentam 66,8% de adequação do PPC com a métrica para o curso de Pedagogia do IFG; 65,60% para o curso da UFG e 32,00% para o curso da PUCG.
Establishing a Best Practice for SDTrimSP Simulations of Solar Wind Ion Sputtering
Authors: Morrissey Liam S. , Schaible Micah J. , Tucker Orenthal J. , Szabo Paul S. , Bacon Giovanni , Killen Rosemary M. , Savin Daniel W.
Published: April 2023

Solar wind (SW) ion irradiation on airless bodies can play an important role in altering their surface properties and surrounding exosphere. Much of the ion sputtering data needed for exosphere studies come from binary collision approximation sputtering models such as TRansport of Ions in Matter and its more recent extension, SDTrimSP. These models predict the yield and energy distribution of sputtered atoms, along with the depth of deposition and damage of the substrate, all as a function of the incoming ion type, impact energy, and impact angle. Within SDTrimSP there are several user-specific inputs that have been applied differently in previous SW ion sputtering simulations. These parameters can influence the simulated behavior of both the target and sputtered atoms. Here, we have conducted a sensitivity study into the SDTrimSP parameters in order to determine a best practice for simulating SW ion impacts onto planetary surfaces. We demonstrate that ion sputtering behavior is highly sensitive to several important input parameters including the ion impact angle and energy distribution and the ejected atom surface binding energy. Furthermore, different parameters can still result in similarities in the total sputtering yield, potentially masking large differences in other sputtering-induced behaviors such as the elemental yield, surface concentration, and damage production. Therefore, it is important to consider more than just the overall sputtering behavior when quantifying the importance of different parameters. This study serves to establish a more consistent methodology for simulations of SW-induced ion sputtering on bodies such as Mercury and the Moon, allowing for more accurate comparisons between studies.
Mediterranean vineyards and olive groves in Croatia harbour some rare and endemic invertebrates
Authors: Anđelić Dmitrović Barbara , Ivanković Tatalović Lara , Kos Tomislav , Crnčan Petar , Gajski Domagoj , Jelić Mišel , Šerić Jelaska Lucija
Published: April 2023

The Mediterranean is characterised by high biodiversity and numerous endemic species. These species are not only present in natural habitats, but also inhabit areas under human influence, such as agricultural lands. In the biodiversity assessment of Mediterranean vineyards and olive orchards within Zadar County, in Croatia, we identified eight endemic species with Mediterranean distribution, six with a Balkan Peninsula distribution, four with Dinaric Alps distribution and three species rare and endangered in Europe. Alongside these species, we have recorded five new species for Croatian fauna, many of those identified by combining morphological characteristics and the DNA barcoding tool. Araneae and Coleoptera contributed the highest number of endemic species and groups with new record were the following: Coleoptera, Diptera and Araneae. Compared to other sites, an olive orchard with ecological pest management (EPM), surrounded by natural ecosystems, had the highest ratio of endemic and rare species. Our findings emphasise that agricultural lands in the Mediterranean can be habitats for endemic and rare species and that future biodiversity research of these habitats is highly important, to monitor potential biodiversity changes and motivate future species and ecosystem conservation.
Recognising and quantifying the evolution of skeletal paedomorphosis in Plesiosauria
Authors: Araújo Ricardo , Smith Adam S.
Published: April 2023

Plesiosaurs are one of the longest-ranging tetrapod groups in the Mesozoic and underwent a major adaptive radiation in the Late Triassic/Early Jurassic, so they are an ideal clade to study the long-term implications and deep-time evolution of specific developmental patterns. We compiled a database of all published plesiosaur specimens and recorded their skeletal maturity status. We use statistical modelling to demonstrate that the abundance of allegedly ‘juvenile’ specimens increases through time, which contradicts the null hypothesis that the relative proportion of juvenile to adult specimens should remain constant throughout evolution. These results indicate that many ‘juvenile’ specimens are really adults exhibiting heterochronic traits, particularly paedomorphism. Heterochrony is a developmental pattern particularly widespread in secondarily adapted organisms such as plesiosaurs. However, heterochronic patterns are typically only studied in individual genera/species or restricted clades. We demonstrate that the pervasiveness of paedomorphism in plesiosaurs increased gradually throughout the evolution of the clade, rather than being a specialization of specific clades.
L’anomie sociale ou comment le numérique efface la proximité en ce qu’il remet en cause le lien social
Authors: Cohen Daniel
Published: April 2023

Une part grandissante de la population est gagnée par l’« anomie sociale » dont parle Durkheim, ce sentiment d’avoir perdu son appartenance à la société, de ne plus comprendre le rôle qu’on y joue. Ce sentiment d’isolement, de détresse sociale a d’immenses conséquences, notamment dans le domaine politique. Le signe le plus clair que les questions de déliaison sociale sont devenues partout centrales se mesure à la poussée écrasante des questions identitaires dans le débat politique. On parlait hier un langage de classes sociales, d’ouvriers, de bourgeois et de redistribution. On parle aujourd’hui « d’identités », témoignant en creux de la perte de celles-ci dans le monde contemporain.
Pour une action publique efficace
Authors: Gatel Françoise
Published: April 2023

Les sondages le confirment année après année, les maires sont la personnalité préférée des Français. Ils incarnent la République de la proximité : celle qui doit inventer des solutions. Inventifs, réactifs, leur action est cependant trop souvent contrainte par la complexité et la surenchère normative. Alors même que des compétences leur échappent, ils restent comptables de tout devant leurs concitoyens. Cette situation fragilise inexorablement l’engagement citoyen : en 2020, plus de 100 communes n’ont pas eu de candidats aux élections municipales et 930 maires ont démissionné depuis mars 2020. La délégation sénatoriale aux collectivités et à la décentralisation s’est saisie du sujet et y a consacré trois missions sur les raisons qui contribuent à cet état de fait : – la première porte sur la nécessité de réenchanter l’esprit civique grâce à la démocratie implicative ; – la seconde concerne l’urgence de renforcer l’état territorial, qui doit accompagner et faciliter l’action des élus locaux ; – la troisième affirme l’impérieuse nécessité de s’affranchir de l’excès d’une culture normative coûteuse qui entrave, corsète et nuit trop souvent au besoin d’agir. La récente crise sanitaire a prouvé l’agilité du couple maire-préfet, ainsi que l’incroyable capacité d’adaptation des collectivités. Alléger l’État de ce qui l’encombre, oser faire confiance aux élus locaux, croire dans le principe de subsidiarité, permettre plutôt qu’imposer ou interdire : nous le savons tous, ce sont les conditions de l’efficacité de l’action publique jusqu’au dernier kilomètre, gage d’un retour de la confiance de nos concitoyens et de la cohésion sociale. L’heure est venue de le vouloir et de le faire.
Décoloniser la province : une décentralisation achevée pour une démocratie apaisée
Authors: Rousset Alain
Published: April 2023

Grenoble, printemps 1966 : Michel Rocard publie « Décoloniser la province ». Fidèle à son titre, il démontre point par point le déséquilibre spécifique à la France entre sa capitale et ses provinces, dénonce les excès déjà connus d’un centralisme remis au goût du jour par la V e  République gaullienne et promeut l’autonomie, la responsabilité et l’innovation des régions. Plus d’un demi-siècle après, en dépit des différentes vagues de décentralisation, force est de constater que le rapport Servet-Rocard n’a pas pris une ride. Malgré les avancées depuis 1981, le mouvement décentralisateur demeure inabouti, alors que le moment semble plus que jamais venu de le parachever. À l’État les grandes compétences régaliennes, aux collectivités les visions de développement de leur territoire au long cours. Plus que jamais, la décentralisation achevée doit devenir la condition sine qua non d’une démocratie apaisée, qui a confiance dans la science et le progrès, en d’autres termes la fondation d’un projet de société juste, ambitieux et durable.
Du faire au convaincre, des territoires aux transitions : l’évolution de l’action des directions départementales de territoires (et de la mer)
Authors: Schenfeigel Yves
Published: April 2023

Pièces pivot de l’ingénierie territoriale de l’État « du dernier kilomètre », les directions départementales des territoires (et de la mer) ont opéré depuis leur création en 2010 une mutation profonde de leur mode d’action, passant du « faire pour » au « accompagner » et aujourd’hui, enjeux climatiques obligent, au « contractualiser » et au « convaincre ».
La réception de Leo Strauss aux États-Unis
Authors: Rogove John
Published: April 2023

Cet article retrace la réception de la pensée du philosophe politique allemand Leo Strauss dans son pays d’accueil, les États-Unis. La première partie retrace sa carrière universitaire américaine, le replaçant aux côtés d’autres exilés allemands en même temps qu’elle décrit la constitution de son école à l’Université de Chicago. Elle reconstruit notamment la façon dont le souci pour sa réception par une démocratie libérale à l’égard de laquelle il était critique a façonné le contenu même de son œuvre. La seconde partie brosse le portrait de l’école straussienne en Amérique du Nord, analysant ses divers courants et les façons souvent divergentes dont ceux-ci ont interprété l’attitude de Strauss à l’égard du régime américain. La troisième partie examine l’influence que la pensée straussienne a pu avoir (ou non) sur le mouvement néoconservateur aux États-Unis et son influence politique et culturelle dans ce pays où elle est devenue définitive­ment inséparable de sa réception.
Le deuil : aux portes de l’invisible
Authors: Sicard Sylvie
Published: April 2023

Le processus de deuil est aujourd’hui bien connu sur le plan psychologique avec les étapes d’une intégration progressive de la perte de l’être aimé conduisant à son acceptation. Une question peut être soulevée néanmoins concernant le rapport de la personne endeuillée à sa propre spiritualité et aux questions existentielles. En cela l’expérience du deuil constitue une ouverture possible vers une autre dimension de la vie, et place la personne face à l’inconnu : l’inconnu d’elle-même, c’est-à-dire une nouvelle manière d’être au monde, mais aussi, lorsque sont vécues des expériences non ordinaires, la question de la survie de l’âme et d’une réalité invisible autre que la réalité matérielle.
Complexité opérationnelle des réseaux de logistique à rebours des contenants consignés : une étude de cas en contexte canadien
Authors: Afif Karima , Beaulieu Martin , Paché Gilles , Roy Jacques
Published: April 2023

L’analyse traditionnelle des réseaux de logistique à rebours s’est souvent concentrée sur une perspective stratégique : les acteurs impliqués et leurs rôles respectifs. Toutefois, la complexité opérationnelle de ces réseaux impacte considérablement leur performance. Une étude de cas de la filière des contenants consignés dans la province de Québec (Canada) permet d’identifier cinq enjeux opérationnels majeurs : (1) conflit entre les rôles logistiques traditionnels et ceux de la logistique à rebours ; (2) gestion des enjeux de stockage des contenants récupérés ; (3) qualité des lots de contenants récupérés ; (4) non-uniformité des taux de retour ; et (5) sous-optimalité des taux de récupération avec risques de contamination. L’extension de la consignation à la bouteille d’eau, en mobilisant les circuits de récupération déjà existants, s’avère complexe. Compte tenu du caractère exploratoire de l’étude, les auteurs proposent de nouveaux axes de recherche en matière de logistique à rebours.
Le Nom Lieu : numérique et lien social
Authors: Aymé Violette , Borde Julien , Mouillac Gilles
Published: April 2023

Le Nom Lieu, en référence à Arthur Rimbaud, permet à chacun de trouver «  le lieu et la formule 1   » dans la cité. L’équipe fondatrice de l’association est composée de psychologues, d'éducateurs spécialisés, de professionnels du secteur numérique et de parents de bénéficiaires. Le Nom Lieu s’est créé dans la nécessité d’offrir un espace innovant qui permette d’accueillir des jeunes de 16 à 25 ans en difficultés psychiques afin de les accompagner à partir de leurs intérêts pour le numérique, au plus près de leur singularité. Dans la même dynamique le Nom Lieu propose de former des professionnels de santé à l’accompagnement des pratiques numériques auprès de leurs bénéficiaires.
Une expérience de réalité virtuelle dans un Ehpad : le dispositif Feel-U
Authors: Souffir Laure
Published: April 2023

L’objectif du dispositif Feel-U est de contribuer à lutter contre l’ennui, de pallier la rareté des visites aux personnes âgées, le peu d’évènements nouveaux dans leur vie chez eux ou en collectivité, vie dans laquelle les stimulations sont rares... Or toutes ces situations sont aggravantes pour ces personnes menacées d‘affaiblissement cognitif voire de désorganisation psychique. Récit d’une expérimentation du dispositif dans un EHPAD.
Assessment of short-read shotgun sequencing and microbiome analysis of faecal samples to discriminate between equol producers and non-producers
Authors: Vázquez L. , Cabrera-Rubio R. , Tamames J. , Mayo B. , Flórez A.B.
Published: April 2023

Among the isoflavones and isoflavone-derived metabolites, equol, which in the human gut is synthesised from daidzein by minority bacterial populations, shows the strongest estrogenic and antioxidant activity. The beneficial effects on human health of isoflavone consumption might be partially or indeed totally attributable to this equol. Although some of the bacterial strains involved in its formation have been identified, the interplay between the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota and equol producer phenotype has hardly been studied. In this study, after shotgun metagenomic sequencing, different pipelines for the taxonomic and functional annotation of sequencing data were used in the search for similarities and differences in the faecal metagenome of equol-producing (n=3) and non-producing (n=2) women, with special focus on equol-producing taxa and their equol-associated genes. The taxonomic profiles of the samples differed significantly depending on the analytical method followed, although the microbial diversity detected by each tool was very similar at the phylum, genus and species levels. Equol-producing taxa were detected in both equol producers and non-producers, but no correlation between the abundance of equol-producing taxa and the equol producing/non-producing phenotype was found. Indeed, functional metagenomic analysis was unable to identify the genes involved in equol production, even in samples from equol producers. By aligning equol operons with the collected metagenomics data, a small number of reads mapping to equol-associated sequences were recognised in samples from both equol producers and equol non-producers, but only two reads mapping onto equol reductase-encoding genes in a sample from an equol producer. In conclusion, the taxonomic analysis of metagenomic data might not be suitable for detecting and quantifying equol-producing microbes in human faeces. Functional analysis of the data might provide an alternative. However, to detect the genetic makeup of the minority gut populations, more extensive sequencing than that achieved in the present study might be required.
Circumscribed Choroidal Hemangioma Simulating Choroidal Melanoma on Advanced Ultrawide-Field Pseudocolor Retinal Imaging: A Case Series
Authors: Becker Brian , Steen Jessica , Gold Aaron S. , Murray Timothy G.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this case series was to evaluate the features of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma on pseudocolor ultrawide-field (UWF) retinal images simulating choroidal melanoma and compare it to fundoscopic appearance. All four patients underwent full ophthalmological examination, including dilated fundus examination, ultrasonography, and UWF imaging (UWFI). All circumscribed choroidal hemangioma appeared clinically as orange-red choroidal lesions which were echodense with regular internal structure on ultrasonography. All lesions appeared green-grey in color on pseudocolor UWFI. Pseudocolor UWFI of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma represents distortion of true color appearance and may simulate choroidal melanoma.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:292–296.]
Design and performance of a cyclone separator integrated with a bottom ash bed for the removal of fine particulate matter in a palm oil mill: A simulation study
Authors: Sylvia Novi , Husin Husni , Muslim Abrar , Yunardi  , Syahrullah Aden , Purnomo Hary , Dewi Rozanna , Bindar Yazid
Published: April 2023

Long-term exposure to pollution from particulate matter in palm oil mills can result in chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and mortality. Particulate matter with a size of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) has a greater impact than one with a size of 10 μm. The current PM cleaning equipment in palm oil mills consists of cyclones that are incapable of optimally filtering PM2.5. For this reason, it is necessary to design cyclone applications for fine particle separation in palm oil mills. Normal cyclones are incapable of segregating particles smaller than 2.5 μm. This study's objective was to design a cyclone with a filter on the vortex detector. These cyclones are utilized in PM2.5 fine particle filtration systems. Using computational fluid dynamics, cyclone performance is analyzed in terms of removal efficiency and pressure decrease. The research was conducted utilizing the Reynolds tress model with varying inlet velocities of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 meters per second. The filter is composed of boiler bottom ash refuse from palm oil mills; 0.310 meters is the height of the filter bed inserted in the vortex finder. The obtained results demonstrated that the PM2.5 removal efficiency reached 98%, while the pressure decrease was only 93 Pa greater than that of conventional cyclones. Thereby, cyclone designs with bottom ash filters can be used to filter fine particulate matter, particularly particles smaller than 2.5 μm.
A mathematical model for policy of vaccinating recovered people in controlling the spread of COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Ihsanjaya Moh. Mashum Mujur , Susyanto Nanang
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for the spread of COVID-19 outbreak, taking into account vaccination in susceptible and recovered populations. The model divides the population into eight classes, including susceptible, vaccinated in S class, exposed, infected asymptomatic, infected symptomatic, hospitalized, recovery, and vaccinated in recovered class. By applying a vaccine-distribution scenario, we investigate the impact of vaccines on the COVID-19 outbreak. After analyzing the equilibrium point and computing the basic reproduction number, we perform numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis to identify the most influential parameters and evaluate the impact of vaccine distribution on policies to control the spread of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that vaccine distribution can effectively suppress the spread of COVID-19, and increasing the $ v $ parameter (vaccine distribution) and $ \alpha_1 $ parameter (acceleration of detection of undetected infected individuals who have recovered) can help control the outbreak. Moreover, decreasing the contact between vulnerable and infected individuals can lower the $ \beta_{1} $ parameter, leading to $ R_0 < 1 $, which indicates a disease-free population. This study contributes to understanding the impact of vaccination on the spread of COVID-19 and provides insights for policymakers in developing control strategies.
Electrical properties of tin oxide based varistors with PbO addition in humid air
Authors: Gaponov Alexei V. , Abramova Olena V.
Published: April 2023

In order to decrease the humidity sensitivity of SnO2–Co3O4–Nb2O5–Cr2O3 varistor ceramics, lead oxide was added and the electric characteristics of synthesized materials with the PbO concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 2 mol.% in the air with relative humidity of 10–86% were investigated. All tested samples have non-linear current–voltage characteristics with large values of the nonlinearity coefficient of 38–51. The optimal concentration of PbO addition in ceramics is 0.5–0.7 mol.%. The addition of such quantity of lead oxide to the ceramics leads to the decrease of the breakdown electric field up to 4390 V/cm and the humidity sensitivity coefficient up to 172. The increase of the PbO concentration provides the increase of the electrical conductivity of samples at low fields. The barrier mechanism of electrical conductivity of the studied ceramics is proved by the obtained values of potential barrier heights of 0.85–0.90 еV on the SnO2 crystallite boundaries.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Academic Libraries
Authors: Mupaikwa Elisha
Published: April 2023

The study was based on a review of 61 articles selected from 127 journal articles from Springer, Elsevier, Routledge, Sage, EmeraldInsight, Jstir, ATLANTIS, IFLA, and DigitalCommons. The study showed that artificial intelligence and machine learning have been used in libraries to support reference services, indexing and abstracting, information retrieval, cataloguing and classification, and collection management, among other services. Machine learning techniques such as the KNearest neighbour, Bayesian networks, fuzzy logic, support vector machines, clustering, and classification algorithms were also used. Key challenges that hindered the adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning among libraries included a lack of infrastructure, lack of funding, and lack of awareness among librarians. The study recommended training of librarians and curriculum reviews for library schools. It also recommended further research on Python-based innovations for libraries.