bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dystrophinopathies
Authors: Lee Bo Hoon
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This article reviews the history, epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, multidisciplinary management, and established and emerging therapies for the dystrophinopathies.

RECENT FINDINGS

The multidisciplinary care of individuals with dystrophinopathies continues to improve in many ways, including early surveillance and implementation of respiratory, cardiac, and orthopedic health management. The era of genetic therapeutics has altered the treatment landscape in neuromuscular disorders, including the dystrophinopathies.

The dystrophinopathies are a spectrum of X-linked genetic disorders characterized by childhood-onset progressive weakness and variable cardiac and cognitive involvement. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy to slow disease progression. Additional strategies for disease amelioration and dystrophin restoration, including gene replacement therapy, are under investigation.
The Critical DREAMer Memoir: Educational Mobility and the Limits of Meritocratic Citizenship
Authors: Escobar Guadalupe
Published: December 2022

This article takes up the figure of the DREAMer in the twenty-first-century Latinx memoir by the formerly undocumented to consider the coupling of the right to education with narratability. The author reads Alberto Ledesma’s Diary of a Reluctant Dreamer (2017), Reyna Grande’s The Distance between Us (2012), and Dan-el Padilla Peralta’s Undocumented (2015) as examples of the critical DREAMer memoir, foregrounding suppressed and subversive self-representation. Such self-fashionings are constrained by overachievement while still troubling the myth of meritocracy to determine deservingness of US citizenship. This trio of texts shows how school systems are mechanisms of coercive assimilation that reproduce a ranking regime wherein racial others are excluded or subordinated. Even as school environments can silence, they can also be safe havens for amplifying the human voice. The freedom of expression found in education marks a transformation of silence into advocacy. The present proliferation of critical DREAMer memoirs largely reflects a new shape of post-9/11 Latinx literature, as well as the subgenre of human rights and literature.
“A Handful of Syllables Thrown Back across the Water”:Dictée’s Aesthetic Legacy and Thai American Poetics
Authors: An Jasmine
Published: December 2022

This article draws on the formal and aesthetic qualities of Theresa Hak Kyung Cha’s Dictée as a critical model for theorizing the transnational legacies of colonialism and empire embedded in the acts of language learning and as an opening for Asian American literary studies to engage with the previously understudied genre of Thai American and Thai poetry. Foregrounding aesthetics and unique, translingual poetic practices, the readings in this article explore rich connections between Dictée and two experimental collections of Thai and Thai American poetry: Padcha Tuntha-obas’s trespasses (2006) and Jai Arun Ravine’s แล้วandthen entwine (2011a). Thai American cultural production is uniquely situated to offer aesthetic insights into the history of US presence in Southeast Asia from the mid-twentieth century onward, which in Thailand took the form of allyship and soft power as Thailand’s formally uncolonized status obscured the violent codifications of gender, racial, and sexual norms to align with Western, imperial worldviews. The author argues that, just as Dictée marked a revolutionary period in Asian American literary studies as the field grappled with the role of poststructural theory, experimental literary forms, and transnational, decolonial politics in the United States and Asia, a more sustained engagement with Thai American and Thai poetry can offer a critical entry point to address US informal empire building in Southeast Asia, including activities often occluded in mainstream historical narratives by a singular focus on Vietnam during the Cold War era.
Lorraine Hansberry and Miriam Makeba’s Affirmative Movements in History
Authors: Colbert Soyica Diggs
Published: December 2022

Lorraine Hansberry’s essay “Stanley Gleason” expresses her theory of Black existence. The essay depicts everyday acts that transform the body and, in so doing, expand what is possible. Her ideas about Black existence emerge as part of a long history of Black thought and in relationship to the artistic and political communities she organized. While working in Greenwich Village, Hansberry crossed paths with and learned from an international cadre of intellectuals and performing artists, including South African singer Miriam Makeba, how to shift the body to shape reality. The essay offers possibilities for locating live options within historical periods marked by despair and, therefore, for remapping the Black world from one of negation to one within what Hansberry called an affirmative movement in history.
Ann Petry and the Existential Phenomenology of Race
Authors: Vogel Shane
Published: December 2022

This article places Ann Petry’s work in conversation with the existential phenomenology of contemporaneous writers such as Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and Frantz Fanon. Examining a key sequence in her final novel, The Narrows (1953), the author shows how Petry’s work calls for and models a Black existentialist reading practice that is in productive tension with the prescriptive protocols of social protest literature—then and now—and invites us to read for choices within situations rather than determining environments or ontological foreclosures.
Gay Genes in the Postgenomic Era
Authors: Clare Stephanie D. , Grzanka Patrick R. , Wuest Joanna
Published: December 2022

This roundtable analyzes the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) that sought to identify the genetic variations that correlate with same-sex sexual behavior. Drawing on over 450,000 individuals’ genetic material from the UK Biobank and 23andMe, the 2019 study concluded that “many loci with individually small effects,” which are spread across the entire genome, contribute in statistically significant but highly unreliable ways to an individual's sexual behavior. The study was thus greeted by geneticists, science journalists, and even some LGBTQ+ advocates as heralding the demise of the mythical “gay gene.” However, the study itself did not drive a stake through the heart of the “born this way” idea. In fact, the researchers framed their efforts as having revealed the “genetic architecture”—which is to say the blueprint or design—of same-sex sexual behavior. Stephanie Clare, Patrick R. Grzanka, and Joanna Wuest argue that the 2019 GWAS marks a moment of both flux and continuity: a recognition of sexuality's complexity and contingency alongside a continued affective, ideological, and economic investment in biology's role in telling fundamental truths about behavior and identity. The study's recognition of the complexity of sexuality should not be mistaken as some wish fulfillment of queer theory; rather, the dream of bioessentialism, entangled with its continued production of inequality, is still alive in the postgenomic era.
From Aesthetics of Resistance to Aestheticization of Politics
Authors: Çıdam Çiğdem
Published: December 2022

In 2016, as the Turkish military's “security operations” targeting Kurdish towns in southeastern Turkey were in full swing, a series of disturbing photographs began to appear on social media. The photographs, which showed soldiers posing in front of derelict houses covered with graffiti written only a few moments before, had an almost “playful” quality to them whereby the act of killing was presented as an object of amusement. To achieve this effect, those who shot the photographs appropriated certain aesthetic practices of resistance, specifically the use of street art by protest movements in Turkey. This article calls the appropriation of these practices and their presentation in the photographs “the grotesque mimicry of joyful dissent.” The photographs' mimicry seeks to serve multiple, and seemingly contradictory, purposes including the erasure of the memory of both the atrocities that were being committed at the time and the former struggles against the regime. What lies underneath this project of erasure and becomes visible in the photographs' display of power is the instability and fragility of the regime's violent rule, both within the region, which it treats as an internal colony, and beyond.
Endangered Scholarship, Academic Freedom, and the Life of Critique
Authors: Butler Judith
Published: December 2022

The recent attack on academic programs and scholars is an effort to shut down critical thought, attesting to the link between critical theory and social transformation. Following Frantz Fanon's meditation on how questioning implicates embodied life, this essay lays out three trajectories for critique in an effort to oppose censorship, the criminalization of knowledge, and the destruction of both academic freedom and the politics of dissent. Focusing on recent attacks on gender studies, the essay argues that new alliances must be forged on a transnational model to support academic freedom, critical thought, and its important relation to democratic practices and ideals. It further suggests that academic freedom might be considered an international human right without making any claims about what the human is or can be. Finally, a case is made for the humanities in the field of critical theory, linking its practices of reading and judgment to the kinds of inquiry and forms of living that sustain the ideals of democracy.
Unknowing and the Everyday
Authors: Golestaneh Seema
Published: December 2022

In Unknowing and the Everyday Seema Golestaneh examines how Sufi mystical experience in Iran shapes contemporary life. Central to this process is ma’rifat, or “unknowing”—the idea that, as it is ultimately impossible to fully understand the divine, humanity must operate from an engaged awareness that it knows nothing. Golestaneh shows that rather than considering ma’rifat an obstacle to intellectual engagement, Sufis embrace that there will always be that which they do not know. From this position, they affirm both the limits of human knowledge and the mysteries of the profane world. Through ethnographic case studies, Golestaneh traces the affective and sensory dimensions of ma’rifat in contexts such as the creation of collective Sufi spaces, the interpretation of Persian poetry, formulations of selfhood and non-selfhood, and the navigation of the socio-material realm. By outlining the relationship between ma’rifat and religious, aesthetic, and social life in Iran, Golestaneh demonstrates that for Sufis the outer bounds of human thought are the beginning rather than the limit.
Case Report: Rehabilitation of bilateral below-knee and partial-hand amputations in a developing country
Authors: Noviana Astika Cahya , Pawana I Putu Alit , Kusumawardani Martha Kurnia
Published: December 2022

Limb ischemia is a complication of peripheral artery disease (PAD)which can lead to amputation. Amputation occurs in approximately 3-4% of PAD patients. In Indonesia, post-amputation patients are only hospitalized for the acute phase and the post-amputation rehabilitation programs must be done as an outpatient. This could be a barrier to the continuity of rehabilitation programs. A solution is the application of home-based rehabilitation programs. A 57-year-old female was referred from the Cardiothoracic Surgery Outpatient Clinic post-amputation with bilateral below-knees and partial-hands amputation after being diagnosed with PAD. On initial examination, all her elbows, wrists, thumbs, hips, and knees showed weakness. The patient received neuromuscular electrical stimulations (NMES) as well as a home-based rehabilitation programs. On the second examination, after considering the data from the clinical finding and supporting examination, the patient received bilateral below-knee prostheses and bilateral functional partial-hand prostheses, created using 3D printing technology with polylactic acid material. After a few months, she was able to do most of her activities of daily living (ADLs) independently, work as a shopkeeper in her store, and feel more confident interacting with others. A comprehensive rehabilitation programs, patient adherence to exercise, and caregiver support are critical to improving functional capacity and the quality of life in a patient with bilateral below-knee and bilateral partial-hand amputation caused by PAD.
Data Note: COVID-19, social distancing, and pipeline vandalism in Nigeria
Authors: Onwuachi-Iheagwara P. N. , Iheagwara B.I
Published: December 2022

We present a dataset of the monthly cases of pipeline vandalism in Nigeria from January 2015 to January 2021. Data used in this study were collated from the Monthly Financial and Operations Reports (MFOR) of the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). Each MFOR provides cases of pipeline vandalism during a 12-month span from five key locations; Mosimi, Kaduna, Port Harcourt, Warri, and Gombe. Recorded incidences of pipeline vandalism from these locations were summed and assembled into five groups; namely: historical data, prior-COVID-19, COVID-19 lockdown, and post-COVID-19 lockdown. The data were grouped based on dates. These dates were January 2015 to July 2019, August 2019 to January 2020, February 2020 to July 2020, and August 2020 to January 2021 respectively. The historical data were further sub-divided into four sub-groups based on the deployment (May 2016) of sophisticated weapons, satellite imagery, and geographical information system into the security apparatus to checkmate pipeline vandalism. The four sub-groups are sub-group A (one-year before deployment), sub-group B (the year of deployment), sub-group C (one-year after deployment), and sub-group D (two-years after deployment). The dates span for each sub-group is May 2015-April 2016, May 2016-April 2017, May 2017-April 2018, and May 2018-April 2019 respectively. After the deployment of GIS devices in May 2016, the accumulated national number of pipeline vandalism cases declined from 400 cases in January 2016 to 293 in February 2016, and 259 cases in March 2016 as opposed to 60, 49, and 94 cases in the same months in 2017; but over the years, 2017 to 2021 these methods have proved less effective, and cases of pipeline vandalism have risen once more. Similar changes in the number of cases and patterns were observed during the COVID-19 movement restrictions. From the dataset, it can be seen that COVID-19 influenced incidences of pipeline vandalism.
El papel de las nuevas tecnologías en la educación STEM
Authors: Palacios Ortega Alicia , Pascual López Virginia , Moreno Mediavilla Daniel
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN. El interés creciente alrededor de las enseñanzas STEM es el resultado de la acuciante necesidad de profesionales del área científico-tecnológica, unida a la necesidad de fomentar una alfabetización científica de la ciudadanía. De esta manera, la sociedad será capaz de enfrentarse a las grandes problemáticas sociocientíficas de la actualidad. La colaboración activa de las tecnologías emergentes como facilitadoras del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje se presenta como una herramienta clave para fomentar las vocaciones STEM, desarrollar habilidades de trabajo científico y mejorar la interpretación de procesos y conceptos. MÉTODO. Este artículo presenta a la comunidad científica un compendio de investigaciones teóricas y aplicadas que arrojan luz sobre el importante papel de las nuevas tecnologías en la educación STEM y las necesidades de investigación futuras. RESULTADOS. Los trabajos presentados muestran que la producción científica de este ámbito ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años, observándose un auge en la aplicación de la realidad virtual en áreas STEM. Las simulaciones virtuales, se desarrollen a través de realidad virtual o como entorno virtual interactivo, plantean diferentes desafíos para su aplicación efectiva. Por un lado, es crucial determinar la validez de los applets como facilitadores del aprendizaje científico, y por otro lado, es importante conocer las competencias del profesorado en el uso de estas tecnologías para la educación STEM. Finalmente, se muestran evidencias claras de cómo las simulaciones y los laboratorios virtuales mejoran la enseñanza científico-tecnológica, favoreciendo la construcción de modelos mentales. DISCUSIÓN. Estos análisis permiten poner el foco en el interés de seguir profundizando en el desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías, la complejidad de la tarea de seleccionar los simuladores más adecuados y en las necesidades de formación del profesorado.
System design and error correction of simultaneous phase-shifting point-diffraction interferometer for dynamic wavefront detection with 400  mm aperture
Authors: Zheng Donghui , Ma Zhiyao , Zhang Zhe , Hu Chenhui
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a simultaneous phase-shifting point-diffraction interferometer (SPS-PDI)  at 632.8 nm is designed with the assistance of an off-axis parabolic mirror (OAPM), through which the dynamic wavefront with 400 mm aperture can be detected. In the system, a polarization point-diffraction plate (P-PDP) is developed to modulate the polarization states of the reference light and the test light through a simultaneous phase-shifting system based on a chessboard phase grating and a retarder array, and four phase-shifting interferograms can be acquired to realize dynamic detection. Furthermore, the circular carrier squeezing interferometry (CCSI) is proposed to suppress the phase errors generated by position mismatch, intensity distortion, and phase-shift error. The detection result of the SPS-PDI is consistent with the 4D PhaseCam6000 dynamic interferometer. The difference of the peak-to-valley (PV) and root-mean-square (RMS) values are only 0.04λ and 0.008λ. Additionally, the capacity to detect dynamic wavefront is good.
3D full-field fringe projection measurement based on imaging view transformation
Authors: Wang Yonghong , Zhou Lei , Pan Wanlin , Xu KeDa , Chen Wanlin , Wang Biao
Published: December 2022

To address the loss of measurement information caused by limitation of the field of view in fringe projection profilometry, a 3D full-field measurement based on imaging view transformation with a mirror auxiliary is proposed in this work. In this system, the principle of ideal specular reflection is applied to create a symmetrical structure between the real and virtual images for subsequent imaging view transformation. The phase of images is obtained by a multifrequency and multiple phase-shift sinusoidal fringe projection algorithm, and the real and virtual point clouds of measured objects are obtained by system calibration. The specular reflection matrix is obtained by calculating the relationship between virtual and real corner points. As a result, incomplete real point clouds can be compensated with virtual point clouds for the 3D full-field measurement by imaging view transformation. Compared to the standard ladder, the mean absolute error and the maximum relative error are 0.0706 mm and 0.9834%, respectively.
Spectroscopic atomic sample plane localization for precise digital holography
Authors: Zhao Jian , Wang Yuzhuo , Huang Xing , Wu Saijun
Published: December 2022

In digital holography, the coherent scattered light fields can be reconstructed volumetrically. By refocusing the fields to the sample planes, absorption and phase-shift profiles of sparsely distributed samples can be simultaneously inferred in 3D. This holographic advantage is highly useful for spectroscopic imaging of cold atomic samples. However, unlike e.g. biological samples or solid particles, the quasi-thermal atomic gases under laser-cooling are typically featureless without sharp boundaries, invalidating a class of standard numerical refocusing methods. Here, we extend the refocusing protocol based on the Gouy phase anomaly for small phase objects to free atomic samples. With a prior knowledge on a coherent spectral phase angle relation for cold atoms that is robust against probe condition variations, an “out-of-phase” response of the atomic sample can be reliably identified, which flips the sign during the numeric back-propagation across the sample plane to serve as the refocus criterion. Experimentally, we determine the sample plane of a laser-cooled 39K gas released from a microscopic dipole trap, with a δz ≈ 1 µm ≪ 2λ
p
/NA2 axial resolution, with a NA=0.3 holographic microscope at λ
p
 = 770 nm probe wavelength.
Full-color eye-box expansion via holographic volume gratings recorded in photo-thermo-refractive glass
Authors: Yaraghi Shaghayegh , Mohammadian Nafiseh , Mhibik Oussama , Chang Kai-Han , Seder Thomas , Glebov Leonid , Divliansky Ivan
Published: December 2022

Conventional head-up displays (HUDs) suffer from a limited exit pupil and a lack of compactness mainly due to the use of bulky optics. HUDs need a high-quality image with a large field of view (FOV) in small packaging to gain commercial acceptability. Holographic HUDs are phase-only devices that allow vision correction and focus adjustment while having a wide FOV. However, the limited bandwidth of a spatial light modulator (SLM) imposes a trade-off between the FOV and eye-box size. Combining a holographic system with an image-replicating element eliminates such a tradeoff. For image replication, we designed and fabricated a compact 2D diffractive beam splitter formed from two perpendicular volume gratings operating in the Raman-Nath regime. The gratings were recorded holographically in photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass, with optimized index modulation, thickness, and period to provide uniform intensity distribution across all desired orders for the fundamental red, green and blue (RGB) colors. We demonstrated a full-color holographic projection with an eye-box expanded by the designed 2D diffractive beam splitters.
Generating a hollow twisted correlated beam using correlated perturbations
Authors: Fu Gang-kun , Chen Jun , Qi Guo-zhen , Wu Yang , Zhang Xiong , Wang Hai-long , Shi Yan , Zhao Chun-liu , Jin Shang-zhong
Published: December 2022

In this study, a twisted correlated optical beam with a dark hollow center in its average intensity is synthesized by correlated correlation perturbation and incoherent mode superposition. This new hollow beam has a topological charge (TC) mode with a zero value compared with a coherence vortex that has a TC mode with a nonzero value. We transform the twisted correlated beam from solid centered to dark hollow centered by constructing a correlation between the twist factor and the spot structure parameter. Theoretical and experimental results show that twist correlation makes the random optical beam an asymmetric orbital angular momentum spectral distribution and a tunable intensity center. Controlling the correlation parameters can make the focal spot of the twisted beam a dark core when the dominant mode of the TC is still zero. The new nontrivial beams and their proposed generation method provide important technical preparations for the optical particle manipulation with low coherence environment.
Programmable freeform optics with extended white light sources: possibilities and limitations
Authors: Rondelez Nick , Desnijder Karel , Ryckaert Wouter , Meuret Youri
Published: December 2022

Freeform optics can be used in lighting applications to generate accurate prescribed illumination patterns from compact light sources such as LEDs. When targeting dynamic illumination systems, a time-variable optical functionality is needed. Phase-only spatial light modulators (SLMs) have been used in the past for various dynamic beam shaping applications with monochromatic, zero-étendue illumination under paraxial conditions. Such limitations can no longer hold when considering lighting applications. In this paper, a novel algorithm for the calculation of smooth phase shift patterns is presented in order to generate arbitrary target patterns from arbitrary incident wave fronts for non-paraxial conditions. When applying such phase shift patterns to SLMs, these devices can be considered as programmable freeform optics. The experimental performance of the calculated phase patterns is analyzed on a real SLM, with a maximal phase shift of 6π, for collimated laser beams and white LEDs. The possibilities and limitations of generating accurate prescribed target patterns are critically discussed in terms of the angular extent of the target pattern, the consider spectrum of the light source and the étendue of the incident light beam.
Side-excitation light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Qian , Lv Haohua , Li Junming , Yang Zhifei , Kan Ruifeng , Giglio Marilena , Zhu Wenguo , Zhong Yongchun , Sampaolo Angelo , Patimisco Pietro , Spagnolo Vincenzo , Yu Jianhui , Zheng Huadan
Published: December 2022

In this Letter, a side-excitation light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (SE-LITES) technique was developed for trace gas detection. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, custom quartz tuning fork (QTF) was used as a transducer for photon detection by the thermoelastic effect. The mechanical stress distribution on the QTF surface was analyzed to identify the optimum thermoelastic excitation approach. The electrode film on the QTF surface also works as a partially reflective layer to obtain a long optical absorption path inside the QTF body. With the long optical absorption length and the inner face excitation of the QTF, the thermoelastic effect was greatly enhanced. With an optimized modulation depth, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of more than one order of magnitude was achieved, compared to traditional LITES.
44-fs pulse generation at 2.05 µm from a SESAM mode-locked Tm:GdScO3 laser
Authors: Zhang Ning , Song Qingsong , Zhou Jingjing , Liu Jian , Liu Shande , Zhang Huiyun , Xu Xiaodong , Xue Yanyan , Xu Jun , Chen Weidong , Zhao Yongguang , Griebner Uwe , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2022

Pulses as short as 44 fs (6 optical cycles) with a spectral width of 120 nm are generated from a mode-locked solid-state laser near 2 µm employing an orthorhombic Tm:GdScO3 perovskite crystal. The average power amounts to 188 mW at a repetition rate of ∼77.6 MHz. The strong inhomogeneous line broadening in GdScO3 suggests optimum conditions for few-optical-cycle pulse generation of rare-earth ion doped GdScO3 bulk lasers.
More Than Working Alliance
Authors: Diller Sandra Julia , Brantl Maximilian , Jonas Eva
Published: December 2022

The relationship between coach and client is an essential factor for coaching success. This coach-client relationship has previously been equated with the working alliance as the common agreement on tasks and goals, and the coach-client bond. As entrepreneurial coaching differs from other coaching formats due to the entrepreneurs’ close connection to their company and the coaches being considered sparring and networking partners, the coach-client relationship may go beyond the working alliance in entrepreneurial coaching. The following exploratory study investigated within a standardized business-related coaching process with business coaches the effect of different coaching relationship factors on the success of entrepreneurial coaching in a field setting. Therefore, 18 male entrepreneurs participated in a three-month coaching with questionnaires before and after the coaching process. The results indicate that not only working alliance in terms of tasks and goals but also perceived empathy, closeness, and perceived need supportive behaviour matter for coaching success, suggesting that entrepreneurial coaching may benefit from a relationship that goes beyond the working alliance. As this study is exploratory without a control design, future research is needed to test this finding with a bigger sample and with different control and experimental conditions. Particularly interesting would be to test it with a mixed-method approach with a more varied sample including entrepreneurs of different age, gender, and demographical background. In addition, future studies could investigate this going beyond the working alliance in other coaching contexts, such as team coaching and peer coaching.
En torno al concepto de salud y enfermedad. Un dialogo entre la medicina, la literatura y la filosofía
Authors: Hidalgo Balsera Agustín , González-García María , González-Rodríguez Sara , Bordallo-Landa Javier
Published: December 2022

Un problema de la medicina son las incertidumbres epistémicas que le son propias, tanto por sus métodos de elaboración conceptual como por las que toma de las ciencias naturales y sociales en las que se apoya. En consecuencia, la medicina no es una ciencia, aunque sus bases son cada vez más científicas. Dado que en la medicina en general, y en los conceptos de salud y enfermedad, y en la realidad de los enfermos hay componentes biológicos, psicológicos y sociológicos, no tiene nada de particular invocar a la filosofía y a la literatura para la elaboración de las teorías de la medicina. En este artículo planteamos algunos de estos enfoques, se resaltan las limitaciones de la concepción biologicista y reduccionista de la medicina y se estima que adquiere mayor potencia explicativa de los conceptos de salud y enfermedad cuando se consideran los aspectos humanos y sociales de la teoría y la práctica de la medicina. Además, la literatura aporta una imagen social de la medicina y de los enfermos que deberíamos integrar en los conceptos de salud, enfermedad y enfermo. Llamamos, por último, la atención sobre un proceso que parece haber desaparecido de la práctica médica como es la convalecencia y la necesidad de una completa restauración de la salud por el riesgo, como advierte el aforismo hipocrático, de que de los residuos que quedan de las enfermedades, suelen surgir las recidivas.
As disputas pela terra no sudoeste do Paraná:os conflitos fundiários dos anos 50 e 80 do século XX
Authors: Battisti Elir
Published: December 2022

Situada na confluência da História, da Geografia, da Sociologia e da

Antropologia, esta pesquisa recupera e reflete a organização e luta fundiária dos

camponeses, na região Sudoeste do Paraná em dois períodos distintos - anos 50 e 80 -,

mas correlacionados. Trata-se de uma região que ganhou projeção nacional, não apenas

pela peculiaridade dos padrões de colonização e organização produtiva, mas também

por desenrolar-se num espaço em disputa entre projetos governamentais e empresariais.

A pesquisa inova ao incorporar discussão teórica recente oriunda inclusive de outros

campos disciplinares sobre as organizações, compreendidas em sua dimensão cultural, o

que permite tratar de questões complexas como a do imaginário e da identidade

coletiva.
Geografia Agrária e metodologia de pesquisa
Authors: Ceron Antonio Olivio , Gerardi Lucia Helena de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

Texto publicado conforme o original, extraído do Boletim de Geografia Teorética - v.9, n. 17 e 18, 1979. Foi documento apresentado como texto básico para discussão no 1° Encontro Nacional de Geografia Agrária, Salgado(SE), 1978. Agradecemos ao Dr. Antonio Olívio Ceron e a Dra. Lucia Helena de Oliveira Gerardi, a autorização para publicar o referido texto.
A importância dos grupos de pesquisa na formação dos profissionais de Geografia Agrária: a experiência do NEGEF
Authors: Marafon Glaucio José
Published: December 2022

Objetivamos nesse ensaio assinalar a importância dos grupos de pesquisa na formação dos profissionais de geografia agrária, por meio do relato das atividades desenvolvidas no Núcleo de Estudos de Geografia Fluminense (NEGEF), que realiza investigações sobre o espaço fluminense.
A reprodução do capital no campo e o território da resistência do campesinato: o movimento dos pequenos agricultores (MPA) na Bahia
Authors: Dutra Júnior Wagnervalter , Dutra Clísia Perpétua dos Santos Cardoso
Published: December 2022

O presente texto visa discutir o território da resistência do campesinato na Bahia a partir da ação do Movimento dos Pequenos Agricultores (MPA) no estado, compreendendo que tal processo se dá no contexto da ampliação, expansão e reprodução do capital no campo brasileiro e baiano. Historicamente, o modelo agrícola cria possibilidades para esta ampliação fomentando o agronegócio e o latifúndio na Bahia e no país. Essa especificidade do modelo agrícola brasileiro possibilitou que entre 1995 e 1996 surgisse o MPA, no sul do país (RS). No período uma seca ameaçava a perda da plantação de inúmeras famílias camponesas que se organizaram em acampamentos, e tinham como objetivo inicial a conquista de um crédito emergencial. Entre 1999 e 2000 o MPA começou a se estruturar na Bahia a partir da articulação com o MPA nacional, desde então começa a atuar nesse Estado. As contradições geradas pela reprodução do capital no campo brasileiro mostram que ao mesmo tempo em que o latifúndio e o agronegócio crescem a agricultura camponesa resiste.
Alternativas para o espaço rural: importância de compatibilizar políticas públicas com saberes locais
Authors: Sulzbacher Aline Weber , De David Cesar
Published: December 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o contexto das políticas públicas voltadas para a agroindústria familiar rural, buscando compreender suas influências no espaço rural do município de Chapada/RS. O estudo norteou-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica, seguida de entrevistas com agentes e instituições públicas locais para compreender seu papel na promoção da viabilização da agroindústria. Conclui-se que a cooperação entre as instituições, os sujeitos rurais e os agentes de extensão rural são de fundamental importância para que as atividades se consolidem como alternativas viáveis para a agricultura familiar. Além disso, as políticas públicas vêm atentando para esse público específico, processo ainda lento e com grandes lacunas.
Ruralidades, urbanidades e a tecnicização do rural no contexto do debate cidade-campo
Authors: Candiotto Luciano Zanetti Pessôa , Corrêa Walquíria Kruger
Published: December 2022

Os conceitos de rural e urbano / campo e cidade vêm sendo amplamente utilizados na Geografia e em outras ciências para evidenciar características socioespaciais peculiares, de modo que tais conceitos estão cristalizados nos mais diversos grupos sociais. O debate acadêmico em torno das interpretações do rural/urbano também é antigo, porém nos dias atuais, vem sendo renovado a partir de novos eventos e ações que vão se inserindo e modificando o que até então, era facilmente entendido como rural ou como urbano. Sabendo dessa maior complexidade do espaço geográfico, bem como das dificuldades em identificar e delimitar o espaço rural do urbano, o presente artigo busca apresentar os fundamentos das correntes de interpretação da relação cidade-campo, e discutir alguns conceitos que, em nossa opinião, podem contribuir para esse debate. Para tanto, trabalhamos com os conceitos de tecnicização do espaço, ruralidades e urbanidades.
Reforma agrária: a realidade de um assentamento rural
Authors: Carvalho Simone Pereira de , Ferreira Gislene Auxiliadora , Marin Joel Orlando Bevilaqua , Vargas Fabiano , Belo Afonso Félix C. Ferreira , Mendonça Daniel de Castro
Published: December 2022

A reforma agrária reassumiu uma posição de destaque na política nacional tornando-se um vetor de promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável no meio rural. No entanto, lançam-se os desafios de como mensurar os alcances das propostas embutidas na atual política de reforma agrária, bem como suas repercussões. Com o intuito de contribuir para sanar essas questões, fez-se um estudo de caso do Assentamento Vale do Araguaia - Goiás, visando registrar a realidade vivenciada pelas famílias assentadas, as novas oportunidades que se abriram após o acesso a terra e os desafios a serem superados. O desenvolvimento do estudo se deu com base em indicadores de sustentabilidade, sendo enfocados os aspectos social, econômico e ambiental. A pesquisa contemplou três etapas: uma reunião em grupo; um diagnóstico rápido participativo e, por ultimo, a aplicação de questionários, que abrangeram 94% de famílias. Os indicadores apontam sérios problemas estruturais no assentamento, estes contribuem para uma considerável redução na qualidade de vida das famílias, tais como dificuldade de locomoção; condições de precárias de habitação e saneamento, dificuldades para a reprodução social das famílias, problemas ambientais, dentre outros. Apesar da precariedade dos processos de reprodução sociais observados, acredita-se que, lentamente, o assentamento venha a contribuir para melhoria na qualidade de vida da comunidade.
Geografia Rural: questões teórico-metodológicas e técnicas
Authors: Andrade Manuel Correia de
Published: December 2022

Este texto foi publicado originalmente no BOLETIM DE GEOGRAFIA TEORÉTICA. vol. 25, nº. 49-50. 1995. Anais do XII Encontro Nacional de Geografia Agrária. Vol. 1, AGETEO – Rio Claro. 1995. p. 3-14. (Mesa redonda).
O lugar da vida - Comunidade e Comunidade Tradicional
Authors: Brandão Carlos Rodrigues , Borges Maristela Correa
Published: December 2022

Apresentamos aqui uma proposta de conceituar e caracterizar a comunidade tradicional

a partir de um diálogo com diferentes autores que abordam esse tema. Partindo de uma

discussão sobre o conceito de comunidade, de sua presença marcada, desejada e até

mesmo contraditória no mundo atual, vamos nos aproximando do entendimento de

comunidade tradicional como o lugar humano da vida. O lugar social arrancado da

natureza, ou nela encravado, no qual as pessoas se reúnem para viver suas vidas e dar

um sentido a elas. Comunidade é o lugar da escolha, onde os grupos humanos

livremente se congregam. A comunidade tradicional possui uma identidade e uma

vocação caracterizada pela: transformação/convivência únicos com a natureza;

autonomia; autoctonia; memória de lutas passadas e histórias atuais de resistência e a

experiência partilhada de viver em territórios cercados e ameaçados pelas atuais formas

de uso, ocupação e organização das sociedades atuais.
Intergenerational justice starts now: Recognizing future generations in nuclear waste management
Authors: Schwarz Lucas
Published: December 2022

Intergenerational justice is an inherent component of nuclear waste management. By looking at challenges of intergenerational justice at various stages of the repository siting process, the following thesis is discussed: Current generations can anticipate notions of intergenerational justice by applying high procedural standards to enable equitable distribution between generations and thus adequately recognize the needs of future generations. Applying high standards in this context means a constantly critical, reflexive, and open process, without bias or selfishness. This requires representative bodies such as the German Council of the Young Generation (‘Rat der jungen Generation’) that act as a bridge to future generations.
A KMT2B Frameshift Variant Causing Focal Dystonia Restricted to the Oromandibular Region After Long-Term Follow-up
Authors: Closas Alfand Marl F. Dy , Lohmann Katja , Tan Ai Huey , Ibrahim Norlinah Mohamed , Lim Jia Lun , Tay Yi Wen , Muthusamy Kalai Arasu , Ahmad-Annuar Azlina Binti , Klein Christine , Lim Shen-Yang
Published: December 2022

KMT2B-linked dystonia (DYT-KMT2B) is a childhood-onset dystonia syndrome typically beginning in the lower limbs and progressing caudocranially to affect the upper limbs with eventual prominent craniocervical involvement. Despite its recent recognition, it now appears to be one of the more common monogenic causes of dystonia syndromes. Here, we present an atypical case of DYT-KMT2B with oromandibular dystonia as the presenting feature, which remained restricted to this region three decades after symptom onset. This appears to be the first reported case of DYT-KMT2B from Southeast Asia and provides further supporting evidence for the pathogenic impact of the KMT2B c.6210_6213delTGAG variant.
Validity and Reliability of the Korean-Translated Version of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale in Cerebellar Ataxia
Authors: Park Jinse , Cho Jin Whan , Youn Jinyoung , Oh Engseok , Jang Wooyoung , Kim Joong-Seok , Oh Yoon-Sang , Hwang Hyungyoung , Ryu Chang-Hwan , Ahn Jin-Young , Lee Jee-Young , Koh Seong-Beom , Park Jae H. , Kim Hee-Tae
Published: December 2022

Objective The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) is a semiquantitative clinical scale for ataxia that is widely used in numerous countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean-translated version of the ICARS.Methods Eighty-eight patients who presented with cerebellar ataxia were enrolled. We investigated the construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We also investigated the internal consistency using Cronbach’s α and intrarater and interrater reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients.Results The Korean-translated ICARS showed satisfactory construct validity using EFA and CFA. It also revealed good interrater and intrarater reliability and showed acceptable internal consistency. However, subscale 4 for assessing oculomotor disorder showed moderate internal consistency.Conclusion This is the first report to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean-translated ICARS. Our results showed excellent construct and convergent validity. The reliability is also acceptable.
Estimating areal effects in typology: a case study of African phoneme inventories
Authors: Guzmán Naranjo Matías , Mertner Miri
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we combine several statistical techniques (multivariate probit models, Gaussian processes, and phylogenetic regression) into a new approach for exploring the areal patterns associated with the presence and absence of typological features. This model allows us to estimate and control for areal and genetic effects, the correlations between features, and their expected frequency of occurrence in the data. We use this model to explore the distribution of consonants in African languages, inferring several linguistic areas which have been proposed in the literature. Our results suggest that the combination of these methods is a promising new way of approaching language contact.
Natural history of the fishing batNoctilio leporinus(Chiroptera: Noctilionidae) in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Ospina-Garcés Sandra M. , León-Paniagua Livia , Aguilar-Rodríguez Pedro A. , MacSwiney G. M. Cristina
Published: December 2022

We report feeding behaviour, dates of peak reproduction, and sexual size dimorphism of the fishing bat,Noctilio leporinus,in the Gulf of Mexico. For the first time we document the size of cheek pouches inN. leporinusand fish species consumed in the water bodies of southern Mexico and analyse differences in wing morphology and biomechanical flight descriptors between the sexes. We found sexual dimorphism in size for most of the external measurements but not in wing characters. This species can consume prey up to a third of its size. We confirmed the presence ofN. leporinusin localities in Tabasco, Mexico 60 years after the first report.
International Organizations and Differentiated Universality: Reinvigorating Assessed Contributions in United Nations Funding
Authors: Haug Sebastian , Gulrajani Nilima , Weinlich Silke
Published: December 2022

This article examines the link between universality aspirations of international organizations and member state funding by focusing on the United Nations system. Centering on financial input as a key proxy for ownership and collectively shared responsibility, we show that the UN Scale of Assessments has provided a surprisingly stable formula for calculating obligatory membership fees in the regular budgets of the UN Secretariat, Specialized Agencies, and other UN entities. We argue that the Scale of Assessments embodies a commitment to differentiated universality as it applies to all member states while considering key differences among them, notably their levels of per capita income and debt burden. While large parts of UN budgets currently depend on voluntary contributions by a small number of wealthy member states and thus stray far from universality ambitions, we suggest that assessed contributions are an underexploited tool for operationalizing multilateral universality in an uneven world. We propose four concrete measures for strengthening and expanding the use of assessed contributions that can contribute to making the UN system a more universally owned set of international organizations.
Naskah Adji's (Sentolo) : Kajian Filologi
Authors: Astuti Retno Tri , Hardyanto Hardyanto , Kurnia Ermi Dyah
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Adji’s (Sentolo) manuscript is one of the primbon category manuscripts witch contains ruwatan mantras along with predictions if an earthquake or eclipse occurs in a certain month. The purpose of this study is to provide edits and translations of the AS text according to philological rules and to provide information on what spells exist in the AS text. The data used in this study is Adji’s (Sentolo). The data source is the Adji’s (Sentolo) manuscript with the code in the SK 165 catalog stored in the Sonobudoyo State Museum Library Unit II, Yogyakarta. The research method used is a philological reaserch method with a standard edition single manuscript editing method and a free translation method so that it is easily understood by readers. The result obtained from this study are in the form of valid text edits according to philological rules and text translations in Indonesian. The deepest spells in the AS text are divided into two parts. In the first part there are mantras such as gumbala geni, tunjung kuning, tulak tanggul, caraka balik, dunga srabat, and predictions in case of earthquakes and eclipses. In the second part there are bidding spells such as jaramaya or caraka balik, tulak tanggul, the difference lies in the pronunciation of spell used. Based on AS manuscript research that has been carried out philologically, in this study the results of edits and translations of the text were obtained and contained information about various kinds of ruwatan mantras. This research can be continued and become a reference for other sciences, such as linguistics, especially in stylistics.

Keywords : Philology; Adji’s (Sentolo); Text Editing; Text Translation.
Architectural Inventories. Evolution of Graphic Documentation of Heritage
Authors: Quintilla-Castán Marta , Agustín-Hernández Luis
Published: December 2022

One of the main problems of the inventory of architectural heritage is managing and storing large amounts of information in different formats, in addition to the need to organize and manage the information generated by collaborative work between the different technicians who participate in the documentation process. The solution involves the development of a model capable of incorporating information on a layered support and allowing analysis and management, as well as interoperability between tools and other systems throughout the entire life cycle of the building. To carry out this work, two methodologies have been selected to verify their effectiveness in the field of architectural heritage inventory, covering the specific needs of generating a complete graphic database of the building. The Arches platform, a free open source software developed to carry out inventories, has been chosen for its interoperability, specificity and all the characteristics and functions described above. In turn, a WebGIS has been developed using free software standards and technology, to examine the possibilities it offers in relation to specific inventory programs. As a result, the creation of an Information System of the Mudejar Architectural Heritage of Aragón has been proposed, with the purpose of integrating under a common support, all the documentation and graphic information available on the heritage asset. The research limitations are the creation of a geo-referenced database, with geometric information on each building, which addresses the cataloguing of more than 200 assets, due to the uniqueness of this architectural style. The information is stored complying with the documentation standards to ensure interoperability and accessibility to the data.