bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of New Generation Herbicide-based Weed Management Strategies on Direct Sown Rice Production in Cauvery Deltaic Zone
Authors: Swathi S. , Srinithan T. , Ivin J. Johnny Subakar , Sowmiya S.
Published: July 2024

Field assay was conducted during “Navarai” season, 2019 at Chidambaram region of cauvery delta to find out the influence of new generation herbicide based weed management in direct sown rice production. The Experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications using rice cultivar CO-51. The treatments includes T1- Un-weeded check, T2- Twice hand weeding at 15 and 30 DAS T3- Pre-emergence application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10% WP at 200g ha-1 at 7 DAS + one Hand weeding at 30 DAS T4- Pre-emergence application of metsulfuran-methyl 10% + chlorimuron-methyl 10% WP at 20g ha-1 at 7 DAS + one Hand weeding at 30 DAS T5-Pre-emergence application of Pretilachlor 50% EC at 1250 ml ha-1 at 7 DAS + one Hand weeding at 30 DAS T6- Early post-emergence application of pretilachlor 6% + pyrazosulfuran-ethyl 0.15% G at 615g ha-1 at 15 DAS. T7- Early post-emergence application of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC at 300 ml ha-1 15 DAS T8- Early post-emergence application of pretilachlor 6% + pyrazosulfuran-ethyl 0.15% G at 615g ha-1 at 15 DAS + one Hand weeding at 30 DAS T9- Early post-emergence application of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC at 300 ml ha-1 at 15 DAS+ one Hand weeding at 30 DAS. On analysing the experimental results, it is revealed that all the imputed treatments has affected weed flora, crop growth, yield attributes and economics of direct sown rice cultivation. Furthermore, application of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC at 300 ml ha-1 at 15 DAS + one hand weeding at 30 DAS provided superior results amid all the treatments. The absence of weed management practices (i.e) T1- Un-weeded check has negatively affected the crop production to a greater extent by registering poor crop growth and yield parameters.
Effect of Different Sowing Dates on the Growth of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) Varieties
Authors: Satale Bhimashankar M. , I.A.B. Mirza , Madagoudra Y.B.
Published: July 2024

The field investigation conducted during kharif season, at experimental farm, College of Agriculture, Badnapur, VNMKV, Parbhani. The experiment conducted with four sowing dates in main plot viz, D1 :  (15th  June) , D2:  (30th  June) , D3 : (15th  July), D4 : (30th  July) and five varieties in sub plot viz, V1-BSMR-736, V2-BSMR-853, V3-BDN-711, V4-BDN-708 and V5-VIPULA. The soil was medium black, clay in texture, alkaline in reaction and higher in total soluble salt concentration, low in nitrogen and phosphorus and rich in potassium and lime, alkaline in reaction with high base saturation. Sowing was done by dibbling method. From the result of experiment, it can be concluded that, among different sowing dates for pigeonpea, the sowing on 15th June, was found optimum for achieving higher seed yield. The pigeonpea variety BSMR-736 was found to be highly productive as compared to rest of the varieties.
An Experimental Study on the Effects of Perforated Floating Structures and Submerged Plates for Wave Control and Motion Reduction of Pile-Moored Floating Piers
Authors: Kwon Chae-Won , Lee Su-Young , Kim Do-Sam , Lee Kwang-Ho
Published: July 2024

The floating pier is a representative type of floating structure installed along the coast, primarily used as a facility for berthing and mooring ships. Additionally, ongoing attempts have been made to utilize it for various purposes, such as wave control and wave energy conversion structures. In this study, we experimentally investigated the reflection and motion characteristics of a pile-moored floating pier, which allows heave and limited roll motion, with respect to the presence of perforated structures and the attachment of submerged plates. The hydraulic experiment results indicated that the reflection and motion characteristics of the pile-moored floating pier were significantly influenced by the presence and installation depth of the submerged plates, rather than the presence of perforated structures on the floating body. In particular, the installation of submerged plates increased the reflection coefficient in short-period waves and effectively reduced the heave and roll motions of the floating body.
A VARIAÇÃO DENOMINATIVA NA DESIGNAÇÃO DE ACESSÓRIOS DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA A COVID-19 EM REVISTAS DE MODA
Authors: Castorino Pauler , Alves Costa Lucimara
Published: July 2024

Analisamos, neste artigo, as variantes denominativas com ou sem consequências cognitivas no domínio da Moda, sobretudo nos acessórios usados como proteção contra o vírus da Covid-19. Nesse sentido, desenvolvemos a pesquisa seguindo os parâmetros epistemológicos e metodológicos da Terminologia à luz de Freixa (2002), Fernandez-Silva (2010), Costa (2015), dentre outros. Os resultados nos mostram maiores ocorrências de variantes denominativas sem consequências cognitivas, que ocorreram na intenção de criar sinônimos no discurso especializado da Moda; em oposto, as variantes com consequências cognitivas tiveram ocorrências menores, em contextos nos quais os termos precisavam de maiores especificidades ou adaptações para o campo da Moda.
PREENCHIMENTO DA POSIÇÃO PRÉ-VERBAL NA CONSTRUÇÃO IMPESSOAL COM DAR MODAL
Authors: Chaves Lurian da Silveira
Published: July 2024

Este squib pretende chamar a atenção para a estrutura SN + dar para + Oração Infinitiva, que tem se mostrado inusitada pelo fato de apresentar uma configuração linearmente igual à oração com dar auxiliar aspectual, mantendo, porém, a interpretação de possibilidade das orações modais. O objetivo é compreender por que o SN assume a posição à esquerda do verbo dar impessoal, se por uma necessidade de atribuição de Caso, devido a um enfraquecimento da morfologia verbal (Nunes, 2015, 2016), ou por uma tendência do PB em ocupar a posição pré-verbal das orações (Kato; Duarte, 2014; Ayres, 2021; Ayres; Othero, 2021). Assumimos que esses SNs saem de uma posição de Caso, para ocupar uma posição de tópico da oração matriz. Segundo Nunes (2016), o movimento de uma posição argumental para uma posição não argumental é totalmente lícito, respeitando a economia computacional.
Tropopause level Rossby wave breaking in the Northern Hemisphere: a feature‐based validation of the ECHAM5‐HAM climate model
Authors: Béguin A. , Martius O. , Sprenger M. , Spichtinger P. , Folini D. , Wernli H.
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Breaking synoptic‐scale Rossby waves (RWB) at the tropopause level are central to the daily weather evolution in the extratropics and the subtropics. RWB leads to pronounced meridional transport of heat, moisture, momentum, and chemical constituents. RWB events are manifest as elongated and narrow structures in the tropopause‐level potential vorticity (PV) field. A feature‐based validation approach is used to assess the representation of Northern Hemisphere RWB in present‐day climate simulations carried out with the ECHAM5‐HAM climate model at three different resolutions (T42L19, T63L31, and T106L31) against the ERA‐40 reanalysis data set. An objective identification algorithm extracts RWB events from the isentropic PV field and allows quantifying the frequency of occurrence of RWB. The biases in the frequency of RWB are then compared to biases in the time mean tropopause‐level jet wind speeds. The ECHAM5‐HAM model captures the location of the RWB frequency maxima in the Northern Hemisphere at all three resolutions. However, at coarse resolution (T42L19) the overall frequency of RWB, i.e. the frequency averaged over all seasons and the entire hemisphere, is underestimated by 28%.The higher‐resolution simulations capture the overall frequency of RWB much better, with a minor difference between T63L31 and T106L31 (frequency errors of −3.5 and 6%, respectively). The number of large‐size RWB events is significantly underestimated by the T42L19 experiment and well represented in the T106L31 simulation. On the local scale, however, significant differences to ERA‐40 are found in the higher‐resolution simulations. These differences are regionally confined and vary with the season. The most striking difference between T106L31 and ERA‐40 is that ECHAM5‐HAM overestimates the frequency of RWB in the subtropical Atlantic in all seasons except for spring. This bias maximum is accompanied by an equatorward extension of the subtropical westerlies.
RCARM: Reaction classification using automated reaction mapping
Authors: Kouri Tina M. , Crabtree John D. , Huynh Lam , Dean Anthony M. , Mehta Dinesh P.
Published: December 2012

Detailed chemical kinetic modeling of gas‐phase reactions can result in automatically generated mechanisms that contain thousands of reactions. In this paper, we describe the development of a rule‐based expert system tool that organizes these reactions into classes such as hydrogen abstraction and beta scission. We have developed 29 simple classification rules, 20 complex (well‐skipping) classification rules, and four second‐stage classification rules. This greatly simplifies the task of the chemical kineticist who wishes to verify, analyze, and gain insights into the reactions comprising the mechanism. This system, which is based on the automated identification of the bonds that break and form in a chemical reaction (the reaction mapping problem), is used to classify reactions in three different mechanisms. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 45: 125–139, 2013
Family Communication Following BRCA1/2 Genetic Testing: A Close Look at the Process
Authors: Lafrenière Darquise , Bouchard Karine , Godard Béatrice , Simard Jacques , Dorval Michel
Published: December 2012

This study examines the process of communicating BRCA1/2 genetic test results to family members, and the factors influencing disclosure. Twenty‐nine semi‐structured telephone interviews with BRCA1/2 tested individuals, 4 to 9 years post‐notification, were conducted. Our results suggest that individual, familial, relational and socio‐medical factors influence the decision to disclose/not disclose genetic test results to family members. These factors are at play in all three communication phases: the Decision‐making phase, in which the individual ponders various factors before deciding to disclose test results to family members; the Disclosure phase, in which communication per se takes place; and the Reaction phase, which shapes the participant's subsequent disclosure/non‐disclosure decisions. We propose a guiding framework to assist in identifying and evaluating significant factors that might shape the course and outcome of the transmission of genetic information to family members.
Of volcanoes and insects: the impact of the Puyehue–Cordon Caulle ash fall on populations of invasive social wasps, Vespula spp.
Authors: Masciocchi M. , Pereira A. J. , Lantschner M. V. , Corley J. C.
Published: December 2012

Volcanic eruptions have important effects on terrestrial ecosystems. The biotic effects of volcanic ash on insect populations vary from widespread and catastrophic to subtle and localized. Volcanic eruptions may increase insect mortality through the effects of the ash plume, and these vary by taxon or specific biological features. The Puyehue–Cordon Caulle Volcanic Complex is the most recent eruption in Patagonia. Here we explore and describe the effects of the eruption of this volcanic complex on invasive Vespula spp. populations. These wasps are very abundant social hymenoptera that have recently invaded Patagonia. We placed baited traps following the gradient of deposited ash, and revisited them once a week during February to April. No wasps were caught where ash deposition levels exceeded 3.0 cm. The number of wasps caught in sites with minimal ash deposits was similar to that of previous years. In locations where ash layers are intermediate, a few wasps were observed, but only during the peak of wasp abundance. We show that Vespula spp. populations were severely affected by the ash deposition and plume, caused by this eruption. These results show catastrophic effects of ash deposition over a large area, even at great distances from the eruption epicenter. We conclude that wasp mortality explained by the volcanic eruption may reach distant areas, and cause local extinction. In areas where active volcanoes are common, invasive insects may encounter an additional obstacle in their invasion success.
Separation of root and heterotrophic respiration within soil respiration by trenching, root biomass regression, and root excising methods in a cool‐temperate deciduous forest in Japan
Authors: Tomotsune Mitsutoshi , Yoshitake Shinpei , Watanabe Shinya , Koizumi Hiroshi
Published: December 2012

Trenching (Tr), root biomass regression (RR), and root excising (RE) methods were used to estimate the contribution of root (RR) and heterotrophic (HR) respiration to soil respiration (SR) in a cool‐temperate deciduous forest in central Japan. The contribution ratios of RR to SR were 23 % (−16 to 46 %), 11 % (−19 to 61 %), and 115 % (20 to 393 %), as estimated by the Tr, RR, and RE methods, respectively. The contribution ratio showed clear seasonal variation with high values in summer for the Tr method, while they were undetectable for the RR and RE methods because of some methodological problems. These results suggest the Tr method is the best of the three methods used to estimate the contribution ratio of RR and HR to SR in the forest. Annual SR, RR, and HR rates, estimated by the Tr method, were 479, 369, 110 gC m−2 year−1, respectively. The seasonal variation of SR was mainly influenced by HR (77 %) throughout the year, while the influence of RR on SR was strongest in summer (46 %). This effect occurred because RR (Q10 = 7.5) is more sensitive to temperature than HR (Q10 = 3.2). Also, the contribution of fine RR to total RR was higher than that of coarse RR because of high respiratory activity (Q10 and R10) as well as the large biomass of fine roots. These results suggest that each component of SR responds differently to the same environmental factors and their relative influence on SR changes across the seasons.
Seasonal variation of vegetation productivity over an alpine meadow in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in China: modeling the interactions of vegetation productivity, phenology, and the soil freeze–thaw process
Authors: Wang Haibo , Ma Mingguo , Wang Xufeng , Yuan Wenping , Song Yi , Tan Junlei , Huang Guanghui
Published: December 2012

Phenology controls the seasonal activities of vegetation on land surfaces and thus plays a fundamental role in regulating photosynthesis and other ecosystem processes. Therefore, accurately simulating phenology and soil processes is critical to ecosystem and climate modeling. In this study, we present an integrated ecosystem model of plant productivity, plant phenology, and the soil freeze–thaw process to (1) improve the quality of simulations of soil thermal regimes and (2) estimate the seasonal variability of plant phenology and its effects on plant productivity in high‐altitude seasonal frozen regions. We tested different model configurations and parameterizations, including a refined soil stratification scheme that included unfrozen water in frozen soil, a remotely sensed diagnostic phenology scheme, and a modified prognostic phenology scheme, to describe the seasonal variation in vegetation. After refined soil layering resolution and the inclusion of unfrozen water in frozen soil, the results show that the model adequately reproduced the soil thermal regimes and their interactions observed at the site. The inclusion of unfrozen water in frozen soil was found to have a significant effect on soil moisture simulation during the spring but only a small effect on soil temperature simulation at this site. Moreover, the performance of improved phenology schemes was good. The phenology model accurately predicted the start and end of phenology, and its precise prediction of phenology variation allows an improved simulation of vegetation production.
EVALUATING THE ESTABLISHMENT AND AGRONOMIC PROFICIENCY OF CYANOBACTERIAL CONSORTIA AS ORGANIC OPTIONS IN WHEAT–RICE CROPPING SEQUENCE
Authors: PRASANNA RADHA , BABU SANTOSH , RANA ANUJ , KABI SOUMYA RANJAN , CHAUDHARY VIDHI , GUPTA VISHAL , KUMAR ARUN , SHIVAY YASHBIR SINGH , NAIN LATA , PAL RAM KRISHNA
Published: December 2012

Cyanobacteria represent promising organic inputs in rice–wheat cropping system, as they contribute towards accretion of N and C, besides secreting growth-promoting substances which influence plant productivity and soil fertility. The present study focused towards using a combinatorial approach for evaluating field-level colonization of cyanobacteria in soil and their effect on soil microbiological and plant parameters, employing agronomic and molecular tools. A consortium of cyanobacterial strains (BF1,Anabaenasp., BF2,Nostocsp., BF3,Nostocsp. and BF4,Anabaenasp.) was employed in different three-and four-member combinations along with 75% N + Full dose of P and K fertilizers. A significant enhancement in microbial activity and plant growth/yields and savings of 25% N in the wheat–rice cropping sequence were recorded, especially in treatments involving 75% N + Full dose of PK+BF1+BF2+BF4 and T5, i.e. 75% N + Full dose of PK+BF1+BF2+BF3. Such treatments were significantly higher or statistically at par with fertilizer controls – 75% N + Full dose of PK fertilizers. The use of DNA-based markers further helped to establish the colonization of the inoculated cyanobacteria, especially BF2 and BF3 strains. Our study clearly illustrated the establishment of inoculated cyanobacterial strains and their role in enhancing the crop productivity and soil health of the rice–wheat cropping system.
APPROACHES TO CHRONIC DISEASE MANAGEMENT EVALUATION IN USE IN EUROPE: A REVIEW OF CURRENT METHODS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Authors: Conklin Annalijn , Nolte Ellen , Vrijhoef Hubertus
Published: December 2012

Objectives: An overview was produced of approaches currently used to evaluate chronic disease management in selected European countries. The study aims to describe the methods and metrics used in Europe as a first to help advance the methodological basis for their assessment.

Methods: A common template for collection of evaluation methods and performance measures was sent to key informants in twelve European countries; responses were summarized in tables based on template evaluation categories. Extracted data were descriptively analyzed.

Results: Approaches to the evaluation of chronic disease management vary widely in objectives, designs, metrics, observation period, and data collection methods. Half of the reported studies used noncontrolled designs. The majority measure clinical process measures, patient behavior and satisfaction, cost and utilization; several also used a range of structural indicators. Effects are usually observed over 1 or 3 years on patient populations with a single, commonly prevalent, chronic disease.

Conclusions: There is wide variation within and between European countries on approaches to evaluating chronic disease management in their objectives, designs, indicators, target audiences, and actors involved. This study is the first extensive, international overview of the area reported in the literature.
Optional expletive subjects in Swedish
Authors: Engdahl Elisabet
Published: December 2012

This article investigates the use of non-referential subjects in contemporary Swedish. Given that Swedish has developed a strong subject requirement, expletive subjects are expected to be used in all clauses which lack a referential subject. In spoken Swedish, however, expletive and quasi-argument subjects are optional in utterances where there is an initialdet‘it’ which is linked to an empty position inside a finite or non-finite complement. The paper establishes that there are certain similarities between these examples andtoughconstructions but that the examples involving finite complements cannot be subsumed under a predication analysis which seems appropriate for thetoughcases. Based on a number of authentic recorded examples, I discuss the processing of utterances with fronted anaphoric pronouns and point to certain similarities with parasitic gaps. The paper closes with a comparison with other Germanic languages.
Beeinträchtigtes Erkennen emotionaler Gesichtsausdrücke durch psychiatrische Patientinnen bei Alexithymie
Authors: Dittrich Daniel , Domes Gregor , Loebel Susi , Berger Christoph , Spitzer Carsten , Herpertz Sabine C. , Rufer Michael , Barnow Sven , Freyberger Harald J. , Grabe Hans J.
Published: December 2012

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Hypothese eines mit Alexithymie assoziierten Defizits beim Erkennen emotionaler Gesichtsaudrücke an einer klinischen Population. Darüber hinaus werden Hypothesen zur Bedeutung spezifischer Emotionsqualitäten sowie zu Gender-Unterschieden getestet. 68 ambulante und stationäre psychiatrische Patienten (44 Frauen und 24 Männer) wurden mit der Toronto-Alexithymie-Skala (TAS-20), der Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Scale (MADRS), der Symptom-Check-List (SCL-90-R) und der Emotional Expression Multimorph Task (EEMT) untersucht. Als Stimuli des Gesichtererkennungsparadigmas dienten Gesichtsausdrücke von Basisemotionen nach Ekman und Friesen, die zu Sequenzen mit sich graduell steigernder Ausdrucksstärke angeordnet waren. Mittels multipler Regressionsanalyse untersuchten wir die Assoziation von TAS-20 Punktzahl und facial emotion recognition (FER). Während sich für die Gesamtstichprobe und den männlichen Stichprobenteil kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen TAS-20-Punktzahl und FER zeigte, sahen wir im weiblichen Stichprobenteil durch die TAS-20 Punktzahl eine signifikante Prädiktion der Gesamtfehlerzahl (β = .38, t = 2.055, p < 0.05) und den Fehlern im Erkennen der Emotionen Wut und Ekel (Wut: β = .40, t = 2.240, p < 0.05, Ekel: β = .41, t = 2.214, p < 0.05). Für wütende Gesichter betrug die Varianzaufklärung durch die TAS-20-Punktzahl 13.3 %, für angeekelte Gesichter 19.7 %. Kein Zusammenhang bestand zwischen der Zeit, nach der die Probanden die emotionalen Sequenzen stoppten, um ihre Bewertung abzugeben (Antwortlatenz) und Alexithymie. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit unterstützen das Vorliegen eines mit Alexithymie assoziierten Defizits im Erkennen emotionaler Gesichtsausdrücke bei weiblchen Probanden in einer heterogenen, klinischen Stichprobe. Dieses Defizit könnte die Schwierigkeiten Hochalexithymer im Bereich sozialer Interaktionen zumindest teilweise begründen und so eine Prädisposition für psychische sowie psychosomatische Erkrankungen erklären.
Alexithyme Patientenmerkmale und Lebensqualität – Eine Querschnittsstudie an 79 ambulanten Patienten mit Angststörungen
Authors: Leenen Katrin , Rufer Michael , Moergeli Hanspeter , Grabe Hans-Jörgen , Jenewein Josef , Nuñez David Garcia , Majohr Karl-Ludwig , Drabe Natalie
Published: December 2012

Aus Untersuchungen in der Normalbevölkerung ist bekannt, dass Menschen mit erhöhten Alexithymiewerten eine verminderte Lebensqualität (LQ) aufweisen. Für Patienten mit psychischen Störungen wurde dieser Zusammenhang jedoch kaum untersucht. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den möglichen Zusammenhang zwischen alexithymen Patientenmerkmalen und der LQ bei Patienten mit Angststörungen zu überprüfen. Bei 79 ambulanten Patienten mit Angststörungen wurden alexithyme Charakteristika mit der Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), die LQ mit der Kurzversion des World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire 100 (WHOQOL-BREF) erfasst. Darüber hinaus fand eine Erhebung der psychischen Symptombelastung (SCL-90-R) und depressiven Symptomatik (MADRS) statt. Mittels hierarchischer Regressionsanalysen wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der alexithymen Charakteristika und den unterschiedlichen LQ-Domänen berechnet. Die Patienten zeigten eine im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung deutlich verminderte LQ. Als Hauptergebnis fand sich, auch nach Kontrolle von Depression, Ängstlichkeit und Geschlecht, ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden TAS-20 Subskalen Schwierigkeiten, Gefühle zu identifizieren und zu beschreiben und vor allem der psychischen LQ. Unsere Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, bei der Diagnostik und Therapieplanung von Patienten mit Angststörungen alexithyme Merkmale einzubeziehen. Im Falle von ausgeprägten alexithymen Merkmalen sollten psychotherapeutische Interventionen zur Verbesserung der Schwierigkeiten Gefühle wahrzunehmen und zu kommunizieren in Betracht gezogen werden.
Alexithymie, traumatischer Stress und posttraumatische Belastungsstörung – Befunde aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung
Authors: Spitzer Carsten , Schilling Lisa , John Ulrich , Völzke Henry , Appel Katja , Schulz Andrea , Barnow Sven , Freyberger Harald J. , Grabe Hans-Joergen
Published: December 2012

Theoretische Modelle und empirische Befunde legen einen Zusammenhang zwischen Alexithymie, traumatischen Erlebnissen und der Diagnose einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTSD) nahe, wobei die Befundlage nicht einheitlich ist und sich überwiegend auf klinische bzw. spezifische Populationen stützt. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersuchten wir 2098 Probanden aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung mit Selbstbeurteilungsinstrumenten zu Alexithymie (Toronto-Alexithymie-Skala; TAS-20) und aktueller Depressivität (Beck Depressions Inventar; BDI-II) sowie dem PTSD-Modul des Strukturierten Klinischen Interviews (SKID-I). Probanden mit einer PTSD hatten signifikant höhere Alexithymie-Werte in allen Dimensionen als traumatisierte Personen ohne PTSD und nicht-traumatisierte Erwachsene, auch unter Kontrolle relevanter konfundierender Variablen. Wurde zusätzlich Depressivität berücksichtigt, fanden sich diese Zusammenhänge nicht mehr. Diese Befunde werden in die bisherige Datenlage eingebettet und hinsichtlich der phänomenologischen Überschneidungen posttraumatischer Symptome wie abgeflachte emotionale Reagibilität, Depressivität und Alexithymie diskutiert.
Zur Bedeutung von Fertigkeitsverbesserungen für den Therapieerfolg – Eine transdiagnostische Untersuchung
Authors: Fehlinger Tobias , Stumpenhorst Mareike , Stenzel Nikola , Beisel Sylvia , Rief Winfried
Published: December 2012

Psychotherapie beinhaltet störungsspezifische und transdiagnostische (= störungsübergreifende) Interventionen. Zu letzteren zählen auch Fertigkeitentrainings. Ihre Wirksamkeit ist für einzelne Fertigkeitsbereiche (etwa für Emotionsregulation) gut untersucht. Das Ziel dieser Studie bestand in einer kombinierten Erfassung mehrerer Fertigkeiten, um deren Bedeutung für den Therapieerfolg simultan analysieren zu können. Es wurde geprüft, ob und in welchen Bereichen Fertigkeitsverbesserungen mit dem Psychotherapieerfolg nach einer stationären Behandlung assoziiert sind. Die Stichprobe bestand aus N = 118 Patienten, die zum Zeitpunkt der Aufnahme in eine psychosomatische Klinik sowie erneut zum Zeitpunkt der Entlassung untersucht wurden. Sieben verschiedene Fertigkeiten wurden mithilfe eines strukturierten Interviews erfasst. Ferner wurde das Ausmaß der Symptomschwere (SCL-90-R) gemessen. Am Ende des Klinikaufenthalts wiesen die Patienten im Durchschnitt sowohl eine reduzierte Symptomatik als auch gesteigerte Fertigkeiten auf. Multiple hierarchische Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass die Fertigkeitsverbesserungen zusätzlich zur Kontrolle der anfänglichen Symptombelastung Varianz in der Symptomreduktion aufklären konnten (ΔR2 = .28, korrigiertes ΔR2 = .25). Als relevante Prädiktoren erwiesen sich vor allem gesteigerte Entspannungsfähigkeit, Problemlösekompetenz sowie Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugung. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Befunde eröffnet sich die Perspektive einer Optimierung von Therapieergebnissen durch den gezielten Einsatz transdiagnostischer Fertigkeitsinterventionen.
Zum Zusammenhang von ADHS und Alkoholdelikten im Straßenverkehr
Authors: Schmidt Sören , Petermann Franz , Kollra Hans-Günter , Brieler Paul
Published: December 2012

Die vorliegende Studie verfolgt das Ziel, die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer hohen ADHS-Ausprägung bei Verkehrsteilnehmern, die durch Substanzmitteldelikte auffällig wurden, sowie Zusammenhänge zwischen Alkoholkonsum und ADHS-Symptomen zu bestimmen. Dazu wurden Geschlechts- und Alterseffekte mittels t-Tests und Varianzanalysen geprüft. Kategoriale Vergleiche zwischen der Normgruppe und auffälligen Verkehrsteilnehmern erfolgten mittels Kontingenzanalysen. Kovarianzanalysen wurden zur Messung des Einflusses von Alkoholkonsum auf die ADHS-Symptome berechnet. Bei der Gruppe auffälliger Verkehrsteilnehmer tritt eine signifikant höhere Ausprägung von ADHS-Symptomen auf als in der Normgruppe. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer problematischen Ausprägung von ADHS-Symptomen ist bei substanzmittelauffälligen Verkehrsteilnehmern bis zu 2.5-mal höher als in der Normgruppe. Mit der Höhe des Alkoholkonsums steigt die Ausprägung von ADHS-Symptomen signifikant an. Unter substanzmittelauffälligen Kraftfahrern ist mit einem erhöhten Anteil ADHS-Betroffener zu rechnen. In der Behandlung alkoholauffälliger Verkehrsteilnehmer sollte vermehrt auf ADHS geachtet werden.
Krankheitsbewältigung psychisch kranker Eltern und psychische Auffälligkeit ihrer Kinder im Fokus einer manualisierten Familienintervention
Authors: Wiegand-Grefe Silke , Cronemeyer Benjamin , Halverscheid Susanne , Redlich Alexander , Petermann Franz
Published: December 2012

Hintergrund: Eine gelungene, angemessene Krankheitsbewältigung psychisch erkrankter Eltern wird als Resilienzfaktor für eine gesunde Entwicklung der Kinder betrachtet. Methode: In der vorliegenden Studie werden in einer Stichprobe von N = 53 Familien die Veränderungen in der Krankheitsbewältigung von psychisch kranken Eltern vor und nach ihrer Teilnahme an der manualisierten CHIMPs-Intervention im Vergleich zu einer Wartelistenkontrollgruppe, die Zusammenhänge zwischen ihrer Krankheitsbewältigung und der Gesundheit ihrer Kinder sowie die Zusammenhänge zwischen ihrer veränderten Krankheitsbewältigung und einer veränderten Gesundheit ihrer Kinder untersucht. Die Krankheitsbewältigung der Eltern wird mit dem Freiburger Fragebogen für Krankheitsverarbeitung (FKV-LIS, Muthny, 1989 ), die psychischen Auffälligkeiten der Kinder mit der Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL, Achenbach, 1991 ) gemessen. Ergebnisse. Im Ergebnis werden zwei elterliche Krankheitsbewältigungsstrategien (Ablenkung und Selbstaufbau, Bagatellisieren und Wunschdenken) positiv im Verlauf der Intervention beeinflusst. Zwei elterliche Krankheitsbewältigungsstrategien (aktives, problemorientiertes Coping und Religiosität und Sinnsuche) weisen Zusammenhänge zur Gesundheit der Kinder auf. Die Ergebnisse können als erste Hinweise für die Wirksamkeit der CHIMPs Intervention im Konstrukt der Krankheitsbewältigung gelten.
Controlling practical stability and safety of mechanical systems by exploiting chaos properties
Authors: Lenci Stefano , Orlando Diego , Rega Giuseppe , Gonçalves Paulo B.
Published: December 2012

In this paper, a method for controlling the global nonlinear dynamics of mechanical systems is applied to two models: the model of Augusti and an inverted guyed pendulum. These simplified models represent a large class of structures liable to buckling exhibiting interacting buckling phenomena. These structures may fail at load levels well below the theoretical buckling load due to complex nonlinear phenomena that decrease the safety and the dynamic integrity of the structure; this often occur as a consequence of imperfections and of the erosion of the basins of attraction of the safe pre-buckling solutions. So, it is of paramount practical importance to increase the safety of these structures in a dynamic environment. This can be achieved by increasing the integrity of the basins of attraction of the safe solutions, a goal that is attained by a control method which consists of the (optimal) elimination of homoclinic (or heteroclinic) intersection by properly adding superharmonic terms to a given harmonic excitation. By means of the solution of an appropriate optimization problem, it is possible to select the amplitudes and the phases of the added superharmonics in such a way that the manifolds distance is as large as possible. The results show that this methodology increases the integrity of the basins of attraction of the system and, consequently, the practical safety of the structure.
Dynamics of partial control
Authors: Sabuco Juan , Sanjuán Miguel A. F. , Yorke James A.
Published: December 2012

Safe sets are a basic ingredient in the strategy of partial control of chaotic systems. Recently we have found an algorithm, the sculpting algorithm, which allows us to construct them, when they exist. Here we define another type of set, an asymptotic safe set, to which trajectories are attracted asymptotically when the partial control strategy is applied. We apply all these ideas to a specific example of a Duffing oscillator showing the geometry of these sets in phase space. The software for creating all the figures appearing in this paper is available as supplementary material.
Cartography of high-dimensional flows: A visual guide to sections and slices
Authors: Cvitanović Predrag , Borrero-Echeverry Daniel , Carroll Keith M. , Robbins Bryce , Siminos Evangelos
Published: December 2012

Symmetry reduction by the method of slices quotients the continuous symmetries of chaotic flows by replacing the original state space by a set of charts, each covering a neighborhood of a dynamically important class of solutions, qualitatively captured by a “template.” Together these charts provide an atlas of the symmetry-reduced “slice” of state space, charting the regions of the manifold explored by the trajectories of interest. Within the slice, relative equilibria reduce to equilibria and relative periodic orbits reduce to periodic orbits. Visualizations of these solutions and their unstable manifolds reveal their interrelations and the role they play in organizing turbulence/chaos.
Combinatorial-topological framework for the analysis of global dynamics
Authors: Bush Justin , Gameiro Marcio , Harker Shaun , Kokubu Hiroshi , Mischaikow Konstantin , Obayashi Ippei , Pilarczyk Paweł
Published: December 2012

We discuss an algorithmic framework based on efficient graph algorithms and algebraic-topological computational tools. The framework is aimed at automatic computation of a database of global dynamics of a given m-parameter semidynamical system with discrete time on a bounded subset of the n-dimensional phase space. We introduce the mathematical background, which is based upon Conley's topological approach to dynamics, describe the algorithms for the analysis of the dynamics using rectangular grids both in phase space and parameter space, and show two sample applications.
Introduction to the focus issue: Fifty years of chaos: Applied and theoretical
Authors: Hikihara Takashi , Holmes Philip , Kambe Tsutomu , Rega Giuseppe
Published: December 2012

The discovery of deterministic chaos in the late nineteenth century, its subsequent study, and the development of mathematical and computational methods for its analysis have substantially influenced the sciences. Chaos is, however, only one phenomenon in the larger area of dynamical systems theory. This Focus Issue collects 13 papers, from authors and research groups representing the mathematical, physical, and biological sciences, that were presented at a symposium held at Kyoto University from November 28 to December 2, 2011. The symposium, sponsored by the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, was called 50 Years of Chaos: Applied and Theoretical. Following some historical remarks to provide a background for the last 50 years, and for chaos, this Introduction surveys the papers and identifies some common themes that appear in them and in the theory of dynamical systems.
Critical behavior in Angelesco ensembles
Authors: Deschout K. , Kuijlaars A. B. J.
Published: December 2012

We consider Angelesco ensembles with respect to two modified Jacobi weights on touching intervals [a, 0] and [0, 1], for a < 0. As a → −1 the particles around 0 experience a phase transition. This transition is studied in a double scaling limit, where we let the number of particles of the ensemble tend to infinity while the parameter a tends to −1 at a rate of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\mathcal {O}(n^{-1/2})$\end{document}O(n−1/2). The correlation kernel converges, in this regime, to a new kind of universal kernel, the Angelesco kernel \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\mathbb {K}^{{ {\rm Ang}}}$\end{document}K Ang . The result follows from the Deift/Zhou steepest descent analysis, applied to the Riemann-Hilbert problem for multiple orthogonal polynomials.
Measurement of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient at high temperatures
Authors: Borup Kasper A. , Toberer Eric S. , Zoltan Leslie D. , Nakatsukasa George , Errico Michael , Fleurial Jean-Pierre , Iversen Bo B. , Snyder G. Jeffrey
Published: December 2012

The implementation of the van der Pauw (VDP) technique for combined high temperature measurement of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient is described. The VDP method is convenient for use since it accepts sample geometries compatible with other measurements. The technique is simple to use and can be used with samples showing a broad range of shapes and physical properties, from near insulators to metals. Three instruments utilizing the VDP method for measurement of heavily doped semiconductors, such as thermoelectrics, are discussed.
Low frequency solitons and double layers in a magnetized plasma with two temperature electrons
Authors: Rufai O. R. , Bharuthram R. , Singh S. V. , Lakhina G. S.
Published: December 2012

Finite amplitude non-linear ion-acoustic solitary waves and double layers are studied in a magnetized plasma with cold ions fluid and two distinct groups of Boltzmann electrons, using the Sagdeev pseudo-potential technique. The conditions under which the solitary waves and double layers can exist are found both analytically and numerically. We have shown the existence of negative potential solitary waves and double layers for subsonic Mach numbers, whereas in the unmagnetized plasma they can only in the supersonic Mach number regime. For the plasma parameters in the auroral region, the electric field amplitude of the solitary structures comes out to be 49 mV/m which is in agreement of the Viking observations in this region.
Erratum: “Whittaker pairs for the Virasoro algebra and the Gaiotto-Bonelli-Maruyoshi-Tanzini states” [J. Math. Phys. 53, 033504 (2012)]
Authors: Felińska Ewa , Jaskólski Zbigniew , Kosztołowicz Michał
Published: December 2012

A flow in the formulation and proof of Lemma 2.7 of E. Felińska, Z. Jaskólski, and M. M. Kosztołowicz, J. Math. Phys. 53, 033504 (2012) is fixed in Sec. I of this Erratum. This has no consequences for the rest of the paper. An essential error was made in Theorems 3.5, 3.6, and Corollary 3.7 of Sec. III of E. Felińska, Z. Jaskólski, and M. M. Kosztołowicz, J. Math. Phys. 53, 033504 (2012). As it was pointed out by V. Mazorchuk and K. Zhao [“Simple Virasoro modules which are locally finite over positive part,” e-print arXiv:1205.5937v2 [math.RT]] they are valid only in the very limited case of n = 3. In order to introduce necessary correction we have rewritten a part of Sec. III after Theorem 3.3. This is presented in Sec. II of this Erratum.
Non-resonant multipactor—A statistical model
Authors: Rasch J. , Johansson J. F.
Published: December 2012

High power microwave systems operating in vacuum or near vacuum run the risk of multipactor breakdown. In order to avoid multipactor, it is necessary to make theoretical predictions of critical parameter combinations. These treatments are generally based on the assumption of electrons moving in resonance with the electric field while traversing the gap between critical surfaces. Through comparison with experiments, it has been found that only for small system dimensions will the resonant approach give correct predictions. Apparently, the resonance is destroyed due to the statistical spread in electron emission velocity, and for a more valid description it is necessary to resort to rather complicated statistical treatments of the electron population, and extensive simulations. However, in the limit where resonance is completely destroyed it is possible to use a much simpler treatment, here called non-resonant theory. In this paper, we develop the formalism for this theory, use it to calculate universal curves for the existence of multipactor, and compare with previous results. Two important effects that leads to an increase in the multipactor threshold in comparison with the resonant prediction are identified. These are the statistical spread of impact speed, which leads to a lower average electron impact speed, and the impact of electrons in phase regions where the secondary electrons are immediately reabsorbed, leading to an effective removal of electrons from the discharge.
Assessment of a polymeric reflective coating for high concentration point focus applications
Authors: Riveros-Rosas D. , Castrejón-García R. , Arancibia-Bulnes C. A. , Pérez-Rábago C. A. , Estrada-Gasca C. A.
Published: December 2012

A methodology for the evaluation of the specularity error of a polymeric film optical coating is presented. The methodology is based on the comparison of images from the sun produced by two high quality spherical mirrors, one covered with a highly specular evaporated aluminum film, and the second one with the polymeric film under study. This film is a commercial product known as Reflectech®. To determine the specularity error, both images are reproduced by means of ray tracing optical simulations. Those simulations use the angular brightness distribution from the sun as input, which were recorded by means of a specially developed solar scope. Significant differences are obtained between images of the sun generated by both mirrors. However, the specularity error of the coating under consideration is found to be just 0.71 mrad. This error is quite small making the polymeric coating highly appropriate for point focus concentration systems. This is illustrated by calculations for a parabolic dish concentrator.
Electric double layer capacitance of restricted primitive model for an ionic fluid in slit-like nanopores: A density functional approach
Authors: Pizio O. , Sokołowski S. , Sokołowska Z.
Published: December 2012

We apply recently developed version of a density functional theory [Z. Wang, L. Liu, and I. Neretnieks, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 23, 175002 (2011)]10.1088/0953-8984/23/17/175002 to study adsorption of a restricted primitive model for an ionic fluid in slit-like pores in the absence of interactions induced by electrostatic images. At present this approach is one of the most accurate theories for such model electric double layers. The dependencies of the differential double layer capacitance on the pore width, on the electrostatic potential at the wall, bulk fluid density, and temperature are obtained. We show that the differential capacitance can oscillate as a function of the pore width dependent on the values of the above parameters. The number of oscillations and their magnitude decrease for high values of the electrostatic potential. For very narrow pores, close to the ion diameter, the differential capacitance tends to a minimum. The dependence of differential capacitance on temperature exhibits maximum at different values of bulk fluid density and applied electrostatic potential.
Light-addressable measurements of cellular oxygen consumption rates in microwell arrays based on phase-based phosphorescence lifetime detection
Authors: Huang Shih-Hao , Hsu Yu-Hsuan , Wu Chih-Wei , Wu Chang-Jer
Published: December 2012

A digital light modulation system that utilizes a modified commercial digital micromirror device (DMD) projector, which is equipped with a UV light-emitting diode as a light modulation source, has been developed to spatially direct excited light toward a microwell array device to detect the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of single cells via phase-based phosphorescence lifetime detection. The microwell array device is composed of a combination of two components: an array of glass microwells containing Pt(II) octaethylporphine (PtOEP) as the oxygen-sensitive luminescent layer and a microfluidic module with pneumatically actuated glass lids set above the microwells to controllably seal the microwells of interest. By controlling the illumination pattern on the DMD, the modulated excitation light can be spatially projected to only excite the sealed microwell for cellular OCR measurements. The OCR of baby hamster kidney-21 fibroblast cells cultivated on the PtOEP layer within a sealed microwell has been successfully measured at 104 ± 2.96 amol s−1 cell−1. Repeatable and consistent measurements indicate that the oxygen measurements did not adversely affect the physiological state of the measured cells. The OCR of the cells exhibited a good linear relationship with the diameter of the microwells, ranging from 400 to 1000 μm and containing approximately 480 to 1200 cells within a microwell. In addition, the OCR variation of single cells in situ infected by Dengue virus with a different multiplicity of infection was also successfully measured in real-time. This proposed platform provides the potential for a wide range of biological applications in cell-based biosensing, toxicology, and drug discovery.
Neutral beam heating of a RFP plasma in MST
Authors: Waksman J. , Anderson J. K. , Nornberg M. D. , Parke E. , Reusch J. A. , Liu D. , Fiksel G. , Davydenko V. I. , Ivanov A. A. , Stupishin N. , Deichuli P. P. , Sakakita H.
Published: December 2012

Electron temperature is observed to rise due to neutral beam injection (NBI) in the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST). Heating is observed to be 100 ± 50 eV in the core of 200 kA plasmas. This is the first definitive measurement of auxiliary heating of a reversed-field pinch (RFP). This heating is consistent with a 1D classical model which was developed. This 1D model calculates the evolving thermal conductivity and ohmic power input profiles during enhanced confinement, and can calculate NBI deposition and classical fast ion diffusion and slowing. The predicted temperature change is consistent with measured beam heating both during and after enhanced confinement, which is consistent with previous observations that fast ions are well confined and behave roughly classically in the RFP.
RNA polymerase II progression through H3K27me3-enriched gene bodies requires JMJD3 histone demethylase
Authors: Estarás Conchi , Fueyo Raquel , Akizu Naiara , Beltrán Sergi , Martínez-Balbás Marian A.
Published: December 2012

JMJD3 H3K27me3 demethylase plays an important role in the transcriptional response to different signaling pathways; however, the mechanism by which it facilitates transcription has been unclear. Here we show that JMJD3 regulates transcription of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)–responsive genes by promoting RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) progression along the gene bodies. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing experiments, we show that, upon TGFβ treatment, JMJD3 and elongating RNAPII colocalize extensively along the intragenic regions of TGFβ target genes. According to these data, genome-wide analysis shows that JMJD3-dependent TGFβ target genes are enriched in H3K27me3 before TGFβ signaling pathway activation. Further molecular analyses demonstrate that JMJD3 demethylates H3K27me3 along the gene bodies, paving the way for the RNAPII progression. Overall these findings uncover the mechanism by which JMJD3 facilitates transcriptional activation.