bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAINTAINING CHILDREN'S LEARNING INTERESTS THROUGH AN ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Lubis Saiful Akhyar , Budianti Yusnaili , Sitorus Mhd Noor
Published: May 2023

This research aims to examine and describe the urgency of Islamic education psychology in maintaining interest in early childhood learning. This study also intends to study, propose and compare to conclude the understanding of early childhood according to the perspective of Islamic education. This study also intends to examine and present learning barriers and challenges related to maintaining interest in early childhood learning and also aspects of learning that need to be developed through the principles of Islamic education psychology, which are traced through the verses of the Qur'an, the hadiths of the prophet Muhammad SAW., and experts’ opinion in Islamic religious literature.

This research is a literature review research with a qualitative approach. The collection of data sources is grouped into primary sources and secondary sources. The sources that were collected thematically were parsed and studied to be compared and drawn conclusions, and presented qualitatively. The results of this study are descriptive descriptions of how the psychology of Islamic education is a very urgent solution to maintain interest in early childhood learning based on an educational curriculum designed through the principles of Islamic educational psychology.
Le warrantage, un dispositif pour améliorer la sécurité alimentaire en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Le Cotty Tristan , Maître d’Hôtel Élodie , Porgo Issoufou , Subervie Julie , Soubeyran Raphaël
Published: May 2023

Le warrantage se développe actuellement dans plusieurs pays du Sahel. C’est un dispositif de crédit-stockage mis en place par une organisation d’agriculteurs et une institution financière. Il consiste à stocker quelques mois une partie des céréales après la récolte dans un entrepôt en échange d’un crédit individuel. Sans ce crédit, les agriculteurs tendent à vendre leurs céréales dès la récolte pour rembourser les dettes ou subvenir à leurs besoins. Conséquence : les familles ont par la suite du mal à assurer la soudure, période de transition entre l’épuisement des stocks et la nouvelle récolte, et à investir dans leurs systèmes de production agricole. L’évaluation d’impact menée dans l’Ouest du Burkina Faso montre que le warrantage accroît la disponibilité alimentaire en période de soudure et qu’il renforce l’investissement et la production agricoles. Pour que son développement s’accélère, il est nécessaire de satisfaire trois conditions : disposer d’infrastructures de stockage adaptées, assurer la qualité des produits stockés, et établir des relations de confiance étroites entre institutions financières, organisations de producteurs et commerçants. Cette dernière condition est mise à mal par l’extension des conflits armés au Sahel.
DERAJAT MAHAR DALAM PROSES PERKAWINAN TINJAUAN FIKIH MUNAKAHAT
Authors: Hamdan Hamdan Arief Hanif , Yunita Yoni Irma
Published: May 2023

Sebagai pemenuhan atas ketetapan yang telah ditetapkan dalam agama, sebagai kewajiban calon pasangan dalam pemenuhan perjanjian pranikah yaitu mengenai mas kawin (mahar). Penelitian ini berfokus pada dua persoalan. Pertama, bagaimana pemberian mas kawin dalam proses pernikahan Kedua, bagaimana pemberian mas kawin dalam proses pernikahan dalam Fikih munakahat. Syariat Islam memudahkan pernikahan, yaitu memberikan mahar (mas kawin) sesuai dengan potensi calon pasangan, bukan sesuatu yang harus dipaksakan pada diri sendiri, dan mahar juga tidak boleh menjadi beban calon pasangan, karena Islam tidak. membatasi jumlah mahar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan.
As the fulfillment of the provisions set by Islam, as the obligation of the prospective partner in fulfilling the prenuptial agreement, namely regarding dowry (dowry). This research focuses on two issues. First, how to give dowry in the marriage process. Second, how to give dowry in the marriage process in fiqh munakahat. Islamic law facilitates marriage, namely giving a dowry (dowry) in accordance with the potential of the potential partner, not something that has to be forced on oneself, and dowry also cannot be a burden on the potential partner, because Islam does not. limit the amount of dowry. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach.
Clinical Effectiveness of Oral Amoxicillin for Treatment of Child-hood Non-Severe Pneumonia at Primary Health Centers, Sana’a Governorate Yemen – 2021: A Randomized Controlled Trail
Authors: Al-Sakkaf Ehab , Al-Jamrah Khaled , Al-Hadi Abdulrahman , Al Amad Mohammad , Ghaleb Yasser
Published: May 2023

Pneumonia kills over two million children under-age of five every year. Oral amoxicillin was recommended by WHO as the first drug of choice for treatment of non-severe pneumonia. The study aimed to determine the clinical failure rate of amoxycillin for the treatment of childhood non-severe pneumonia at Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs). A randomized controlled multicenter-trial study was conducted in Sana’a. IMCI strategy was used to enrollments the cases where randomly allocated to receive amoxicillin or co-trimoxazole orally for five days. Multivariate logistic regression was used for identified risk factors associated with clinical failure. A total of 254 children were enrolled, of whom 128 cases were treated with amoxicillin while 126 with co-trimoxazole. The clinical failure for amoxicillin was significantly more than co-trimoxazole (30% vs 10%) p value > 0.001. the most risk factor which significantly associated to amoxicillin failure were pre-infection in the last 6 months, while abnormal CBC and literate mothers were associated with clinical failure of co-trimoxazole (p value > 0.05). The use of co-trimoxazole as an alternative to amoxicillin for the treatment of non-severe pneumonia in the PHCCs and conducting further studies to determine the appropriate antibiotic as the first line of defense are recommended.
Community Readiness in Implementing Sustainable Tourism on Small Islands: Evidence from Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Sayuti Rosiady Husaenie
Published: May 2023

This research aims to examine the level of readiness of the community to carry out sustainable tourism development, especially community-based tourism on small islands, such as Lombok Island, Indonesia. More specifically, the objectives of this study are as follows: (1) Knowing the level of community readiness in carrying out sustainable tourism development. (2) Knowing the various dimensions that influence sustainable tourism development. (3) Knowing the role of stakeholders in sustainable tourism development. The method applied in this research is mixed methods, a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative methods are used to determine community readiness for sustainable tourism development. A qualitative approach is used to determine the various factors that influence the development of community-based tourism and to determine the role of stakeholders in the development of community-based tourism. The level of community readiness for sustainable tourism development is high in terms of economic, social, cultural, environmental, and symbolic capital aspects. Aspects that influence the development of sustainable tourism are economic, social, and cultural. Stakeholders who play a role in developing sustainable tourism in the research area are the government, the private sector, universities, non-governmental organizations, and the media.
Fractional Equations for the Scaling Limits of L’evy Walks With Position Depending Jump Distributions
Authors: Kolokoltsov Vassili N.
Published: May 2023

L\'evy walks represent important modeling tools for variety of real life processes. Their natural scaling limits are known to be described by the so-called material fractional derivatives. So far these scaling limits were derived for spatially homogeneous walks, where Fourier and Laplace transforms represent natural tools of analysis. Here we derive the corresponding limiting equations in the case of position depending times and velocities of walks, where Fourier transforms cannot be effectively applied. In fact, we derive three different limits (specified by the way the process is stopped at an attempt to cross the boundary), leading to three different multi-dimensional versions of Caputo-Dzherbashian derivatives, which correspond to different boundary conditions for the generators of the related Feller semigroups and processes. Some other extensions and generalisations are analysed.
A Study on Electrothermal Characteristics of ESD Protection Devices Based on ggNMOS
Authors: Niu ChangLiu , Li Xue-ying , Ju Jia-xin , Yangd Bing
Published: May 2023

To study the influence of electrothermal effect of ESD protection device on the reliability of inte-grated circuit,a theoretical model of ESD protection device thermal resistance is constructed in the paper based on the Conservation of Energy Principle. By analyzing the temperature relativity between electricity parameter and thermology parameter of ESD protection device characterized by self-heating thermal resistance, the quantitative relationship expression of physical parameter and geometric parameter is obtained, which can be used to improve ESD protection device elec-tro-thermal effect. The simulation testing and the real tape-out testing of ESD protection device self-heating thermal resistance based on ggNMOS are shown and compared. It is concluded that self-heating thermal resistance is an effective index for the protection device electrothermal char-acterization. Based on the established model, the self-heating thermal resistance could be decreased to improve the homogeneity of the heat transference. The uneven distribution of device temperature can be reduced, and the overall reliability of chips can be improved.
The Locating Method of Infectious Source based on Bluetooth System of Smart Device
Authors: Qin Hongli , Guo Tao , Han Yunan
Published: May 2023

Infectious disease like COVID-19 will have a great impact on human society. An effective prevention and control measure is to quickly isolate the source and reduce the population’s exposure to the infection. Therefore, it is very important to quickly trace and identify the virus carrier and its close contacts in order to effectively suppressing transmission. This article provides a method, system and storage medium for locating the source of infection based on big data. We adopt the method of combining Bluetooth and GPS positioning to track the action trajectory of each individual. The method stores the close contact and location information locally and update on the cloud platform for an appropriate period of time. The method and system can provide personal risk levels and regional risk levels through related algorithms. When entering a high-risk area or if the personal risk level within the Bluetooth interconnection range is greater than the set threshold, an alarm function is provided. We can also generate reports on the spread of the epidemic over a period of time. As a result, the system can quickly locate the source of infection and close contacts, providing a reference for quick and highly efficient epidemic prevention and control.
Remotely-Sensed Carbon Density, Plant Species Diversity and Its Relation to Forest Clearing Dynamics in the Puuc Biocultural State Reserve, Mexico
Authors: Portillo-Quintero Carlos , Hernández-Stefanoni J. Luis , Dupuy Juan Manuel
Published: May 2023

In the Neotropics, the integration of remotely sensed products to understand socioecological processes at local scales is limited by the physical difficulties and financial costs of collecting field data to train and validate these models. In this study, we used carbon density and tree species richness models generated from ALOS-2 PALSAR 2 imagery and national scale forest inventory data and compared these products to a Landsat-based continuous change detection product for the 2000-2021 period. This was performed to evaluate forest clearing dynamics in and around the Puuc Biocultural State Reserve (PBSR) in Mexico. The estimated error-adjusted area of detected annual forest clearings from the year 2000 until the year 2021 was 230,511 ha in total (+19,979 ha). The analysis of annual forest clearing frequency and area suggests that although forest clearing was significantly more intensive outside of the PBSR than within the PBSR during the entire 2000-2021 period, there is no evidence suggesting that the frequency and magnitude of forest clearing has changed over the years after the creation of the PBSR in 2011. The emerging hotspot analysis shows, however, that forest clearing spatiotemporal clustering (hotspots) during the 2012-2021 period was less widespread and mostly confined to areas outside the PBSR. In addition, the analysis shows forest clearing clustering is on a downward trend within the PBSR. After comparing forest clearing events to carbon density and tree species richness models, our data also suggests that land owners within the PBSR might be practicing longer barbecho (fallow) periods in contrast to land owners outside the PBSR allowing forests to attain higher carbon density and tree species richness and hence better soil nutrient recovery after land abandonment. In conclusion, our results show that the PBSR effectively acts as stabilizing forest management scheme that minimizes the impact of productive activities by lowering the frequency of forest clearing events and preserving late secondary forests. We recommend the continuation of efforts for providing alternative optimal field data collection strategies and modeling techniques to spatially predict key tropical forest attributes. The combination of these models with continuous change detection datasets will allow to reveal underlying ecological processes and generate information better adapted to forest governance scales.
Digital Twins and Data-driven in Plant Factory: An Online Monitoring Method for Vibration Evaluation and Transplanting Quality Analysis
Authors: Chen Kaikang , Yuan Yanwei , Zhao Bo , Zhou Liming , Niu Kang , Jin Xin , Gao Shengbo , Li Ruoshi , Guo Hao , Zheng Yongjun
Published: May 2023

Plant Factory Transplanter (PFT) is a key component of the plant factory system. Its operation status directly affects the quality and survival rate of planted seedlings, which in turn affects the overall yield and economic efficiency. To monitor the operation status and transplanting quality of a transplanting machine in a timely manner, the primary task is to use a computerized and easy-to-use method to monitor the transplanting units. Inspired by the latest developments in augmented reality and robotics, a DT model-based and data-driven online monitoring method for plant factory transplanting equipment is proposed. First, a data-driven and virtual model approach is combined to construct a multi-domain digital twin of the transplanting equipment. Then, taking the vibration frequency domain signal above the transplanting manipulator and the image features of the transplanting seedling tray as input variables, the evaluation method and configuration method of the PFT digital twin system are proposed. Finally, the effect of the transplanter is evaluated, and the cycle can be repeated to optimize the transplanter to achieve optimal operation parameters. The results show that the digital twin model can effectively use the sensor data to identify the mechanical vibration characteristics and avoid affecting transplanting quality due to mechanical resonance. At a transplanting rate of 3000 plants/h, the transplanting efficiency can be maintained at a high level and the vibration signal of X, Y, Z-axis above the transplanting manipulator is relatively calm. In this case, Combined the optimal threshold method with the traditional Wiener algorithm, the identification rate of healthy potted seedlings can reach 94.3%. Through comprehensively using the optimal threshold method and 3D block matching filtering algorithm for image threshold segmentation and denoising, the recognition rate of healthy seedlings has reached over 96.10%. In addition, the developed digital twin can predict the operational efficiency and optimal timing of the detected transplanter, even if the environmental and sensor data are not included in the training. The proposed digital twin model can be used for damage detection and operational effectiveness assessment of other plant factory equipment structures.
Model-Based State-Of-Charge and State-Of-Health Estimation Algorithms Utilizing a New Free Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Dataset for Benchmarking Purposes
Authors: Neupert Steven , Kowal Julia
Published: May 2023

The state estimation for lithium-ion battery cells has been the topic of many publications concerning the different states of a battery cell. They often focus on a battery cell’s state of charge (SOC) or state of health (SOH). Therefore this paper introduces a, on one hand, a new lithium-ion battery data set with dynamic validation data over degradation and on the other hand a model-based SOC and SOH estimation based on this dataset as a reference. An unscented Kalman filter-based approach was used for SOC estimation and extended with a holistic ageing model to handle the SOH estimation. The paper describes the dataset, the models, the parameterisation, the implementation of the state estimations, and their validation using parts of the dataset resulting in a SOC and SOH estimation over battery life. The results show that the dataset can be used to extract parameters, design models based on it and validate with dynamically degraded battery cells.
Multivariate Curve Resolution Methodology Applied to the ATR-FTIR Data for Adulteration Assessment of Virgin Coconut Oil
Authors: De Luca Michele , Ioele Giuseppina , Grande Fedora , Occhiuzzi Maria Antonietta , Chieffallo Martina , Garofalo Antonio , Ragno Gaetano
Published: May 2023

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a functional food with important health benefits. Its economic interest encourages fraudsters to deliberately adulterate VCO with cheap and low-quality vegetable oils for financial gain, causing health and safety problems for consumers. In this context, there is an urgent need for rapid, accurate and precise analytical techniques to detect VCO adulteration. In this study, the use of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with Multivariate Curve Resolution - Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) methodology was evaluated to verify purity or adulteration of VCO with reference to several low-cost commercial oils such as sun-flower, maize and peanut oils. Control charts were developed to assess the purity of oil samples using MCR-ALS scores values calculated from a data set of pure and adulterated oils. In addition, quantification models were developed using MCR-ALS with correlation constraint for adulterated coconut oil to assess the blend composition. Different data pre-treatment strategies were tested in order to best extract the information contained in the sample fingerprints, and the calibration models were optimised using a genetic algorithm (GA) to select the most important variables. The models gave satisfactory results in external validation procedure, with absolute errors of less than 4.6 % for samples adulterated with sunflower, maize and peanut oils.
Development of Blue Phosphorescent Pt(II) Materials using Dibenzofuranyl Imidazole Ligands and their Application in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lee Jun Yeob , Kang Youngjin , Kim Hakjo , Cho Dain , Kim Seung Chan , Kim Haein
Published: May 2023

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are energy-efficient; however, the coordinating ligand can affect their stability. Sky-blue phosphorescent Pt(II) complexes with a C^N chelate, fluorinated-dbi (dbi = [1-(2,4-diisopropyldibenzo[b,d]furan-3-yl)-2-phenyl-1H-imidazole]), and acetylactonate (acac)(1)/picolinate (pic)(2) ancillary ligands were synthesized. The molecular structures were characterized using various spectroscopic methods. The Pt(II) coordination sphere in 2 exhibited a distorted square-planar geometry, with several intra- and inter-molecular interactions involving Cπ⋯H/Cπ⋯Cπ stacking. Complex 1 emitted bright sky-blue light (λmax = 485 nm) with a moderate photoluminescent quantum efficiency of 0.37 and short decay time (6.1 µs) compared to those of 2. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations suggested that the electronic transition of 1 arose from ligand(C^N)-centered π–π* transitions combined with metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions (MLCT), whereas that of 2 arose from MLCT and ligand(C^N)-to-ligand(pic) charge transfer (LLCT), with minimal contribution from the C^N chelate to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. Multi-layered phosphorescent OLEDs using 1 as a dopant and a mixed host, 3,3-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1-biphenyl:3-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1-biphenyl (mCBP)/9-(3’-carbazol-9-yl-5-cyano-biphenyl-3-yl)-9H-carbazole-3-carbonitrile (CNmCBPCN) were successfully fabricated. At a 10% doping of 1, a current efficiency of 13.6 cd A−1 and external quantum efficiency of 8.4 % at 100 cd m−2 were achieved. These results show that the ancillary ligand in phosphorescent Pt(II) complexes must be considered.
Depression detection model using multimodal deep learning
Authors: Yoo Hyewon , Oh Hayoung
Published: May 2023

This study compares the performance of existing studies on multimodal emotion recognition, and proposes a model that fuses two modalities with the speaker's text and voice signals as input values and detects depression. Based on the DAIC-WOZ dataset, voice features were extracted using CNN, text features were extracted using Transformers, and two modalities were fused through a tensor fusion network. We also build a model to detect whether the speaker is depressed or not using LSTM in the final layer. This study suggests the possibility of increasing access to mental illness diagnosis by enabling patients to detect depression on their own in daily conversations. If the model proposed in this study is developed and the voice conversation system is connected, it will be easier for patients who cannot visit the hospital periodically or who are reluctant to visit the hospital to check their condition and seek recovery. Furthermore, it can be expanded to multi-label classification for various mental diseases and used as a simple self-mental disease diagnosis tool.
Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb): Unavoidable Bystander or Protective Player?
Authors: Carrola André , Romão Carlos C. , Vieira Helena L. A.
Published: May 2023

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a cytoprotective endogenous gas that is ubiquitously produced by the stress response enzyme heme-oxygenase. Being a gas, CO rapidly diffuses through tissues and binds to hemoglobin (Hb) increasing carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels. COHb can be formed in the erythrocytes or in plasma from cell-free Hb. Herein, it is discussed whether endogenous COHb is or is not an innocuous and inevitable metabolic waste product and it is hypothesized that COHb has a biological role. In the present review literature data is presented to support this hypothesis based on two main premises: (i) there is no direct correlation between COHb levels and CO toxicity; and (ii) COHb seems to have a direct cytoprotective and antioxidant role in erythrocytes and in hemorrhagic models in vivo. Moreover, CO is also antioxidant by generating COHb, which protects against the pro-oxidant damaging effects of cell free Hb. Up to now COHb has been considered as a sink for both exogenous and endogenous CO generated during CO intoxication or heme metabolism, respectively. Hallmarking COHb as an important molecule with a biological (and eventually beneficial) role is a turning point on CO Biology research, namely in CO intoxication and CO cytoprotection.
Cross Sectional Analysis of Impact of Seasonal Changes on Excimer Laser Ablation Performance on Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA)
Authors: Verma Shwetabh , Hesser Juergen , Mosquera Samuel Arba
Published: May 2023

Seasonal changes and varying degree of corneal hydration has been linked to excimer laser corneal ablation rates. Use of PMMA as calibration material in refractive lasers is well established. However, PMMA ablation may be equally affected by seasonal variations in temperature and humidity, intern affecting the calibration process. Aim of this work is to analyze the effect of seasonal changes in PMMA Performance using SCHWIND AMARIS laser system. PET and PMMA ablations conducted in climate-controlled environment with 826 consecutive AMARIS systems manufactured over 6 years were retrospectively analyzed. Lasers were stratified depending on seasons and months of the year. Metrics like Single laser pulse fluence, nominal number of laser pulses, mean performance, standard deviation, and technical performance of system were compared to global average values. Cyclic winter-summer variation was confirmed with seasons winter and summer showing statistically significant variations with respect to global values. Metric technical performance showed deeper PMMA ablation performance in summertime, with maximum seasonal deviation of 6%. Results were consistently confirmed in seasonal as well as monthly analyses. These findings could help minimize variance among laser systems by implementing compensation factors depending on seasons such that laser systems installed worldwide follow the same trend line of variation.
Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival
Authors: Allegra Alessandro , Caserta Santino , Genovese Sara , Pioggia Giovanni , Gangemi Sebastiano
Published: May 2023

Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of sex differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research and cancer registries have revealed over the past few years that there are definite sex variations in cancer incidence, progression, and survival. However, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction also have a significant impact on the response to treatment of neoplastic diseases. Young women may be more protected from cancer than men because most of the proteins implicated in the regulation of redox state and mitochondrial function are under the control of sexual hormones. In this review, we describe how sexual hormones control the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondria, as well as how they affect several neoplastic diseases. The molecular pathways that underlie the gender-related discrepancies in cancer that have been identified may be better understood, which may lead to more effective precision medicine and vital information on treatment options for both males and females with neoplastic illnesses.
Red and Golden Tomato Administration Improves Fat Di-Et-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Rats by Modulating HNF4, Lepr and GK Expression
Authors: Pipitone Rosaria Maria , Zito Rossella , Gambino Giuditta , Di Maria Gabriele , Javed Ayesha , Lupo Giulia , Giglia Giuseppe , Sardo Pierangelo , Ferraro Giuseppe , Rappa Francesca , Carlisi Daniela , Di Majo Danila , Grimaudo Stefania
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, characterized by the lipid accumulation within hepatocytes exceeding 5% of liver weight, is strictly related to metabolic disorders and to obesity and diabetes and represents a health emergency worldwide. Being not available any standard therapy for NAFLD, a key role is ascribed to lifestyle intervention including phytonutrient intake to prevent NAFLD development and progression. We have used a rat model of NAFLD to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with red tomato and golden tomato, patented mix of fruit with different degrees of ripeness, particularly rich in naringenin and chlorogenic acid, after steatosis development. We have assessed the ef-fects on body weight, metabolic profile, and hepatic steatosis and a correlation between the amelioration of all the parameters and the liver gene expression was evidenced. We found that the genes mainly up regulated by tomatoes administration were HNF4, Lepr and GK, able to condition metabolic homeostasis. Our results suggest that there is a role for red and golden tomatoes, dietary intake as a nutraceutical approach of NAFLD prevention and therapy.
Risk Assessment and Response Strategy for Pig Epidemics in China
Authors: Shi Zizhong , Li Junru , Hu Xiangdong
Published: May 2023

Strengthening the analysis and risk assessment of the pig epidemic will help to better prevent and mitigate epidemic risks and promote high-quality development of the pig industry. Based on the systematic grasp of the situation of live pig epidemics, a risk assessment index system was constructed, and the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the risk of pig epidemics in China were explored by the entropy method. In recent years, the overall trend in pig epidemics in time first increased and then decreased, and in space, the trend in the acceleration of the spread across the country continued to weaken. China still faces challenges, such as many types and a wide range of diseases, large total livestock breeding and weak epidemic prevention and control capacity, and a large risk of introduction of foreign animal epidemics. The spatial and temporal variation in the pig epidemic risk was obvious; there was one high-risk area, two higher-risk areas and 10 medium-risk areas in recent years, and the epidemic risk was highest in Beijing, Hainan, Liaoning, Tibet and Zhejiang. However, there were significant differences in the regional distribution of the risk of pig epidemics in different years. To further build a secure “defense system” for the high-quality development of the pig industry, it is recommended to improve the monitoring and early warning system of pig epidemic risk, perfect the pig epidemic prevention and control system, and strengthen the regional collaboration mechanism of epidemic prevention and control.
Cross-Tier Interference Mitigation for RIS-Assisted Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Soumana Hamadou Abdel Nasser , Wa Maina Ciira , Soidridine Moussa Moindze
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the applications of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in heterogeneous downlink networks (HetNet). Due to the network densification, the small cell base station (SBS) interferes with the macrocell users (MUE). In this paper, we utilize RIS to mitigate cross-tier interference in an HetNet via directional beamforming by adjusting the phase shift of the RIS. We consider an RIS-assisted HetNet consisting of multiple SBS nodes and MUEs that utilize both direct paths and reflected paths. Therefore, the aim of this study is to maximize the sum rate of all MUEs by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming of the macrocell base station (MBS) and the phase shift of the RIS. An efficient RIS reflecting coefficients-based optimization (RCO) is proposed based on a successive convex approximation approach. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of its sum rate in comparison with the scheme HetNet without RIS and the scheme HetNet with RIS but with random phase shifts.
Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen 1I-II from Nicaragua (2012-2013): genetic and antigenic polymorphism
Authors: González Cerón Lilia , Piedra-Arévalo Fredy O. , Casanova-Hernández Didier , Santillán-Valenzuela Frida , Montoya Pérez Alberto
Published: May 2023

Objective. Genetic and antigenic polymorphism of P. vivax apical membrane antigen-1 (pvama1I-II) from Nicaragua was examined. Materials and methods. Infected blood samples from patients were obtained during 2012-2013. A gene fragment comprising domains I-II was amplified and sequenced, and the genetic parameters, haplotype relationships, genetic structure, and amino acid variation in predicted B cell epitopes were analyzed. Results. 65 sequences of pvama1III had 19 nonsynonymous and five synonymous nucleotide changes. Nicaraguan parasites had low diversity, high linkage disequilibrium, and few recombination events. Neutrality tests indicate a positive and divergent selection, and three genetic clusters with loss of haplotypes were demonstrated. Amino acid variation predominated in predicted B cell epitopes and was closely related to that in Latin American parasites. Conclusions. Nicaraguan P. vivax is a moderately differentiated population under contraction and focalization processes, and the antigenic diversity resembles that of Latin American parasites. This information is relevant for vaccine development and epidemiological surveillance.
Associated factors to the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners in the Mexican adult population
Authors: Romo-Romo Alonso , Castillo-Martínez Lilia , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. , Brito-Córdova Griselda X. , Martagón Alexandro J. , Gómez-Pérez Francisco J. , Almeda-Valdes Paloma
Published: May 2023

Objective. To identify the associated factors to the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) in the Mexican adult population since its consumption has increased exponentially worldwide. Materials and methods. An online survey was applied to 5 038 Mexican adults to evaluate the frequency of NNS consumption and classify the population in tertiles. The sociodemographic, lifestyle and health status characteristics of the participants were compared by gradient of NNS consumption, and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the associated factors to the NNS consumption. Results. The variables that showed a positive association (p≤0.01) with the consumption of NNS were economic income, BMI, smoking, physical activity, diet quality, the presence of chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemias), and the consumption of fruit. The age and the consumption of confectionery and sugar-sweetened beverages were negatively associated (p<0.01) with the consumption of NNS. Conclusion. The results of this study help to characterize the target population that is a consumer of NNS since it is recommended not encourage the preference for sweet taste and to promote a decrease in the consumption of both caloric and NNS, preferring the natural flavor of food.
Políticas nacionales para el control del VIH y la evolución de la epidemia en México: un análisis de 1990 a 2017
Authors: Shiba-Matsumoto Andrey Ryo , Bravo-García Enrique , Sánchez-Domínguez Mario Salvador , Magis-Rodríguez Carlos , Gómez-Dantés Héctor
Published: May 2023

Objetivo. Analizar los cambios en la carga de la enfermedad del VIH de 1990-2017 y la influencia de las políticas y programas implementadas para su prevención y control. Material y métodos. Se elaboró una línea de tiempo de políticas e intervenciones en México; mediante modelos de regresión JoinPoint, se analizó su relación con los cambios ocurridos en las tendencias de la carga de la enfermedad del VIH. Resultados. Los cambios en la carga de enfermedad se relacionan con la universalización del acceso a los medicamentos antirretrovirales (ARV), programas de atención integral y el combate al estigma y la discriminación. En el periodo analizado se observa descenso de la mortalidad relacionado con el acceso universal y gratuito a los ARV. La magnitud de los cambios tiende a ser mayor en los hombres que en las mujeres. Conclusiones. Las políticas y programas implementados para tratar a las personas con VIH/Sida en México se integraron en estrategias cada vez más cohesionadas y eficaces.
Declaración de Cuernavaca
Authors: Fortún Fernández Evelin Esther , Tobar Sebastian , Ospina Martínez Martha Lucía , Navas Alvarado Lissette , Sandoval López Dalia Xóchitl , Lazcano Ponce Eduardo C. , Suárez Moreno Victor J. , Ori Radjesh , Rosenberg Felix J.
Published: May 2023

Los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (INS) miembros de la Red Regional Latinoamericana de la Asociación Internacional de Institutos Nacionales de Salud Pública, reunidos en forma presencial en la sede del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública de México, en la Ciudad de Cuernavaca, los días 5 al 7 de octubre de 2022, contando con la participación de los directores o representantes de los INS de (...)
Six-year trajectories and associated factors of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients, siblings, and controls: The GROUP study
Authors: Habtewold Tesfa Dejenie , Tiles-Sar Natalia , Liemburg Edith J. , Sandhu Amrit K. , Islam Md Atiqul , Boezen Prof. H. Marike , Investigators GROUP , Bruggeman Prof. Richard , Alizadeh Prof. Behrooz Z.
Published: May 2023

Positive and negative symptoms are prominent but heterogeneous characteristics of schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Within the framework of the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) longitudinal cohort study, we aimed to distinguish and identify the genetic and non-genetics predictors of homogenous subgroups of the long-term course of positive and negative symptoms in SSD patients (n=1,119) and their unaffected siblings (n=1,059) in comparison to controls (n=586). Data were collected at baseline, and after three- and six-year follow-ups. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to identify latent subgroups using positive and negative symptoms or schizotypy scores. A multinomial random-effects logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of latent subgroups. Patients had decreasing, increasing, and relapsing symptoms course. Unaffected siblings and healthy controls had three to four subgroups characterized by stable, decreasing, or increasing schizotypy. PRSSCZ did not predict the latent subgroups. Baseline symptoms severity in patients, premorbid adjustment, depressive symptoms, and quality of life in siblings predicted long-term trajectories while were nonsignificant in controls. In conclusion, up to four homogenous latent subgroups of symptom course can be distinguished within patients, siblings, and controls, while non-genetic factors are the main factors associated with the latent subgroups.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prescription Opioid Use During Pregnancy: An Analysis of the North and South Dakota PRAMS, 2019-2020
Authors: Testa Alexander , Jacobs Benjamin , Zhang Lixia , Jackson Dylan , Ganson Kyle , Nagata Jason
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study assesses the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and prescription opioid use during pregnancy.
Methods: This study uses data on 2,999 individuals from the 2019 and 2020 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) from North Dakota and South Dakota. The relationship between ACEs and prescription opioid use during pregnancy is examined using multiple logistic regression.
Results: The prevalence of prescription opioid use increases alongside accumulating ACEs. Compared to those with no ACEs, recent mothers with three or more ACEs have a 2.4 greater odds of prescription opioid use during pregnancy (aOR [adjusted odds ratio] = 2.437; 95% CI [confidence interval] = 1.319, 4.503).
Conclusion: Accumulating ACEs are associated with an increased risk of prescription opioid use during pregnancy. Additional research is needed better understand the mechanisms that link ACEs and prescription opioid use during pregnancy, as well as how to best support those with ACEs exposure in a trauma-informed manner to reduce the risk of substance use.
Parametric, Mechanical and Metallurgical Characterization of Dissimilar Friction Stir Welded AA2014-AA2219
Authors: Rajagopal Varthini , Rajendran Dinesh Kumar , Muthukumaran S.
Published: May 2023

In this study, Friction stir welding (FSW) is carried out on dissimilar aluminium alloys AA2219 and AA2014 using L16 orthogonal array based on Taguchi Mixed Factorial Design (TMFD) under four process variables: traverse speed, rotational speed, tilt angle and tool profile and the effects of FSW parameters on responses (Tensile Strength, Yield Strength and Elongation) are analyzed using single response optimization and multi-objective Taguchi coupled with Grey Relational Analysis. A parameter setting of A4B4C2D1 is found to be optimal demonstrating 86% of parent material strength. Further, mechanical and metallurgical studies were carried out using SEM, EDAX and XRD analyses. From micro-hardness testing, it was observed that failure occurs at the lower hardness side in the advancing side of AA2219. SEM fractography reveals dispersion of particle which improved weld strength by regulation of coarseness and dissolvability of precipitates in the weld region. EDS point, line and elemental mapping confirmed the presence of copper particle dispersion that acts as a binder and resist void formation, and this is further confirmed by XRD analysis.
Circ_ZNF778_006 promoted ESCC progression by upregulating HIF-1α expression via sponging miR-18b-5p
Authors: si Xianzhe , Lin Weijie , Su Xincheng , Xu Jie , Huang Wenbo , Chen Feng , Huang Zhijun , Lin Jianqing , Chen Zhiyao
Published: May 2023

Background: In multiple malignant tumors, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to play a crucial role. Our prior results demonstrated that circ_ZNF778_006 was significantly increased in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) tissues, but the roles of circ_ZNF778_006 in ESCC is still not clear.
Methods:The expression of circ_ZNF778_006 was compared in different pathological grades of ESCC. And the expression levels of circ_ZNF778_006, miR-18b-5p, HIF-1α were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Plasmid transfection techniques were applied to prepare ESCC cells with silenced or overexpressed genes (CircZNF778_006, miR-18b-5p). The CCK8 kit was used to determine cell proliferation, and the Transwell assay was used to measure the migration and invasion. The effects of circ_ZNF778_006 on tumor growth was investigated in vivo. Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation(RIP) were performed to verify the targeting relationship between miR-18b-5p and circZNF778_006, miR-18b-5p and HIF-1α.
Results: The expression of circ_ZNF778_006 was positively correlated with pathological grade in ESCC. Circ_ZNF778_006 significantly inhibited sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil & cisplatin. It could promote the proliferation, invasion, migration in ESCC cells and accelerated tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, circ_ZNF778_006 could upregulate the expression of HIF-1α via sponing miR-18b-5p.
Conclusion: Circ_ZNF778_006 promoted ESCC progression by upregulating HIF-1α expression via sponging miR-18b-5p.
Misspelled Logotypes: The Hidden Threat to Brand Identity
Authors: Rocabado Francisco , Perea Manuel , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni
Published: May 2023

Brand names are valuable company assets often accompanied by a unique graphical composition (i.e., as logotypes). Recent research has demonstrated that this uniqueness makes brand names and logotypes susceptible to counterfeiting through misspelling by transposition in tasks that require participants to identify correct spellings. However, our understanding of how brand names are incidentally processed when presented as logotypes is incomplete. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a virtual reality experiment to explore the transposed-letter confusability effect on brand name recognition. Participants were immersed in a virtual reality setting and incidentally exposed to logotypes that had correctly spelled brand names or included letter transpositions. Offline analyses revealed that participants were more accurate at recognizing brand names that had been presented with correct spellings than those that had been misspelled. Furthermore, participants exhibited false memory for misspelled logotypes, recalling them as if they had been spelled correctly. Thus, the present virtual reality experiment provides compelling evidence of the vulnerability of popular logotypes to counterfeiting via the misspelling of brand names.
Assessment of the integrated disease surveillance and response system implementation in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, following a major Ebola outbreak, 2021
Authors: Kallay Ruth , Mbuyi Gisèle , Eggers Carrie , Coulibaly Soumaila , Kangoye David Tiga , Kubuya Janvier , Soke Gnakub Norbert , Mossoko Mathias , Kazambu Ditu , Magazani Alain , Luce Richard , Fonjungo Peter , Aruna Aaron
Published: May 2023

Background
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) experienced its largest Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in 2018-2020. As a result of the outbreak, significant funding and international support were provided to Eastern DRC to improve disease surveillance. The Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) strategy has been used in the DRC as a framework to strengthen public health surveillance, and full implementation could be critical as the DRC continues to face threats of various epidemic-prone diseases. In 2021, the DRC initiated an IDSR assessment in North Kivu province to assess the capabilities of the public health system to detect and respond to new public health threats.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. Performance in IDSR core functions was assessed at multiple levels of the tiered health system through observations, key informant interviews, and analysis of health data. Qualitative data were also collected through focus groups and open-ended questions to guide the interpretation of the findings. Data were collected at the North Kivu provincial public health office, five health zones, 66 healthcare facilities, and from community health workers in 15 health areas.
Results
Data completeness was 100% at the provincial and health zone levels, and timeliness was 100% and 97% at the provincial and health zone levels, respectively. Healthcare facility data had an average completeness of 86%, and timeliness varied between health zones from 41 to 100%. The use of electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response is not widely implemented. Data analyses are conducted mainly at the provincial and health zone levels, and are regularly disseminated to all levels. Preparedness capabilities were low, with 44% of health zones in North Kivu having a preparedness and response plan and 41% having a functional rapid response team.
Conclusion
Comparing the results of this assessment to the last IDSR assessment conducted in DRC in 2016, slight improvements in disease reporting have been made, despite several limitations in materials, equipment, infrastructure, and workforce training. This assessment highlights the need to move from outbreak-focused support and funding to building systems that can improve the long-term functionality of the routine disease surveillance system.