bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism Design for an Incentive Subsidy Scheme for Bus Transport
Authors: Zou Wenqian , Yu Meichen , MIZOKAMI Shoshi
Published: March 2019

Large public transport subsidies necessitated by operating deficits have become a heavy financial burden on some local governments. However, the present subsidy scheme lacks incentives to encourage bus operators to reduce deficits to lessen subsidies. In order to motivate bus operators to exert their roles in reducing these subsidies to ensure sustainable finance, this paper designs an incentive subsidy scheme based on the Laffont–Tirole model. This scheme is designed to motivate bus operators to endeavor to reduce deficits so as to obtain a premium, thus minimizing the total amount of subsidies and maximizing social benefit. The case of the bus network in Kumamoto, Japan, shows how, with this subsidy scheme, bus operators can play roles in lessening subsidies, allowing a win-win situation for both bus operators and the local government, and maximizing social benefit to realize the sustainability of the city. Finally, findings of our sensitivity analysis with imperfect information suggest that the length of bus lines in a network should be shortened in order to avoid cost waste to lessen subsidies.
Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Kailash Sacred Landscape of China
Authors: Duan Cheng , Shi Peili , Song Minghua , Zhang Xianzhou , Zong Ning , Zhou Caiping
Published: March 2019

Land use and land cover change (LUCC) is an important driver of ecosystem function and services. Thus, LUCC analysis may lay foundation for landscape planning, conservation and management. It is especially true for alpine landscapes, which are more susceptible to climate changes and human activities. However, the information on LUCC in sacred landscape is limited, which will hinder the landscape conservation and development. We chose Kailash Sacred Landscape in China (KSL-China) to investigate the patterns and dynamics of LUCC and the driving forces using remote sensing data and meteorological data from 1990 to 2008. A supervised classification of land use and land cover was established based on field survey. Rangelands presented marked fluctuations due to climatic warming and its induced drought, for example, dramatic decreases were found in high- and medium-cover rangelands over the period 2000–2008. And recession of most glaciers was also observed in the study period. Instead, an increase of anthropogenic activities accelerated intensive alteration of land use, such as conversion of cropland to built-up land. We found that the change of vegetation cover was positively correlated with growing season precipitation (GSP). In addition, vegetation cover was substantially reduced along the pilgrimage routes particularly within 5 km of the routes. The findings of the study suggest that climatic warming and human disturbance are interacted to cause remarkable LUCC. Tourism development was responsible land use change in urban and pilgrimage routes. This study has important implications for landscape conservation and ecosystem management. The reduction of rangeland cover may decrease the rangeland quality and pose pressure for the carrying capacity of rangelands in the KSL-China. With the increasing risk of climate warming, rangeland conservation is imperative. The future development should shift from livestock-focus animal husbandry to service-based ecotourism in the sacred landscape.
An Effective Global Optimization Algorithm for Quadratic Programs with Quadratic Constraints
Authors: Shi Dongwei , Yin Jingben , Bai Chunyang
Published: March 2019

This paper will present an effective algorithm for globally solving quadratic programs with quadratic constraints. In this algorithm, we propose a new linearization method for establishing the linear programming relaxation problem of quadratic programs with quadratic constraints. The proposed algorithm converges with the global optimal solution of the initial problem, and numerical experiments show the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Modelling the Impact of Transit Media on Information Spreading in an Urban Space Using Cellular Automata
Authors: Małecki Krzysztof , Jankowski Jarosław , Szkwarkowski Mateusz
Published: March 2019

Information spreading processes are the key drivers of marketing campaigns. Activity on social media delivers more detailed information compared to viral marketing in traditional media. Monitoring the performance of outdoor campaigns that are carried out using this transportation system is even more complicated because of the lack of data. The approach that is presented in this paper is based on cellular automata and enables the modelling of the information-spreading processes that are initiated by transit advertising within an urban space. The evaluation of classical and graph cellular automata models and a coverage analysis of transit advertising based on tram lines were performed. The results demonstrated how the number of lines affects the performance in terms of coverage within an urban space and the differences between the proposed models. While research is based on an exemplary dataset taken from Szczecin (Poland), the presented framework can be used together with data from the public transport system for modelling advertising resources usage and coverage within the urban space.
Effects MHD and Heat Generation on Mixed Convection Flow of Jeffrey Fluid in Microgravity Environment over an Inclined Stretching Sheet
Authors: Tlili Iskander
Published: March 2019

In this paper, Jeffrey fluid is studied in a microgravity environment. Unsteady two-dimensional incompressible and laminar g-Jitter mixed convective boundary layer flow over an inclined stretching sheet is examined. Heat generation and Magnetohydrodynamic MHD effects are also considered. The governing boundary layer equations together with boundary conditions are converted into a non-similar arrangement using appropriate similarity conversions. The transformed system of equations is resolved mathematically by employing an implicit finite difference pattern through quasi-linearization method. Numerical results of temperature, velocity, local heat transfer, and local skin friction coefficient are computed and plotted graphically. It is found that local skin friction and local heat transfer coefficients increased for increasing Deborah number when the magnitude of the gravity modulation is unity. Assessment with previously published results showed an excellent agreement.
Whole-Cell Multiparameter Assay for Ricin and Abrin Activity-Based Digital Holographic Microscopy
Authors: Makdasi Efi , Laskar Orly , Milrot Elad , Schuster Ofir , Shmaya Shlomo , Yitzhaki Shmuel
Published: March 2019

Ricin and abrin are ribosome-inactivating proteins leading to inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death. These toxins are considered some of the most potent and lethal toxins against which there is no available antidote. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a time-lapse, label-free, and noninvasive imaging technique that can provide phase information on morphological features of cells. In this study, we employed DHM to evaluate the morphological changes of cell lines during ricin and abrin intoxication. We showed that the effect of these toxins is characterized by a decrease in cell confluence and changes in morphological parameters such as cell area, perimeter, irregularity, and roughness. In addition, changes in optical parameters such as phase-shift, optical thickness, and effective-calculated volume were observed. These effects were completely inhibited by specific neutralizing antibodies. An enhanced intoxication effect was observed for preadherent compared to adherent cells, as was detected in early morphology changes and confirmed by annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay. Detection of the dynamic changes in cell morphology at initial stages of cell intoxication by DHM emphasizes the highly sensitive and rapid nature of this method, allowing the early detection of active toxins.
The Importance of Detailed Groundwater Monitoring for Underground Structure in Karst (Case Study: HPP Pirot, Southeastern Serbia)
Authors: Čokorilo Ilić Marina , Mladenović Ana , Ćuk Marina , Jemcov Igor
Published: March 2019

The establishment of detailed monitoring of quantitative and qualitative parameters of groundwater in the zone of possible interactions between a water-conveyance tunnel and the geologic/hydrogeologic environment is of the utmost importance for assessing the risk of adverse effects and of tunnel performance. The water-conveyance tunnel of the Pirot Hydropower Plant (HPP Pirot) is a good example of applying detailed monitoring in complex geologic/hydrogeologic conditions resulting from the presence of an underground structure. The research scheduling was conditional upon the operating regime of the tunnel (whether it is in or of operation—online or offline). While the tunnel was operating (online), monitoring was conducted at observation wells along the tunnel (approx 15 m distant), a control gate (water losses), springs, and a stream in the vicinity of the tunnel. Areas of the potential hydraulic instability were indicated by synchronous measurements of water level and temperature changes in the observation wells and at the control gate. While the tunnel was offline (empty tunnel) it was possible to access the tunnel, and in situ monitoring proved to be of great importance. Observations of quantitative parameters pointed out hydraulically critical tunnel zones, whilst the qualitative characteristics of groundwater revealed their potential aggressiveness to the concrete lining of the tunnel. The applied methodology shows that a detailed observation program should be an important task of sustainable tunnel management.
«STEM-EDUCATION» AS ONE OF THE MAIN TRENDS OF INFORMATIONAL AND INNOVATIVE EDUCATION OF THE POST-COLONIAL WORLD
Authors: Voronkova Valentina , Nikitenko Vìtalina
Published: March 2019

STEM-education was analyzed as a modern social and cultural phenomenon, which is fundamental in the modern education of the information and innovation society. STEM-education is considered as the basis for the preparation of highly competitive specialists who will be able to become the creative basis for the formation of an innovative information society, which is high-tech, advanced intelligence, which requires the education of a creative person, creative education, creative activities.
TO THE ISSUE OF PEDAGOGIC TECHNOLOGIES USE IN WORK ON TEACHING OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TO JUNIOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Mordous Irina , Kutsenko Inna
Published: March 2019

Many authors consider the preschool age to be exceptionally "sensitive" to the perception and reproduction of the language. The development of the native language precedes the development of the foreign language and gives the basis for mastering the second language. In addition, there is an intensive development of all physical and mental processes that are "adapted" to the environment surrounding the child, which, in turn, permits the natural way to acquaint children with the basics of foreign language communication. Consideration of the above-mentioned is especially important in working with children of junior preschool age, as the mechanism of their psycho-physiological development is extremely vulnerable. In this case, the use of pedagogical technologies serves for its diversification, which stimulates and accelerates it. However, not all innovational technologies offered by modern educators are designed for work with children of junior preschool age or adapted to such.
SELF-EXTRACURRICULAR WORK IN THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PHARMACY
Authors: Fedenko Svіtlana
Published: March 2019

Self work is a form of management and self-management activity for students, whose main purpose is to consolidate, expand and deepen the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired during the classroom work process, as well as the independent study and mastering of new material. For the effective fulfillment of students self extracurricular work by the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University all necessary conditions (library, reading room, computer classes, etc.) are created; teachers consult in educational and practical centers, which contains a list of practical skills in the relevant disciplines and provides an algorithm for their implementation. The organization of self extracurricular work is carried out in five stages: preparatory, theoretical, educational and practical; control; corrective.
THE MODERN PENTECOSTAL DOCTRINE OF HEALING
Authors: Mokiyenko Mykhaylo
Published: March 2019

The value of healing in the Pentecostalism was especially strengthened by the missionary empathy of the Pentecostal, especially in the Third World countries. New worldview and theological challenges force “ the Movement of the Holy Spirit” to partially revise the attitude towards healing, which was expressed in the theological “legitimization” of medicine, the denial of the universality of healing, extended ideas on the emotional and psychosomatic component of man. The present Pentecostalists tend not to complain that not all are healed, but to rejoice because someone is healed. In an attempt to see the supernatural interference of God in the conditions of sin and the doom of the physical world, baptized by the Holy Spirit must appeal to one and the other.
Manual Pedagógico de Ética y Valores con Enfoque Holístico por Proceso
Authors: Morales Susy Grey , Olaya Ana Noblecillas , Montoya Dolores Maribel
Published: March 2019

Se presentó el estado actual de la  problemática de deserción estudiantil en la UNEMI, de Ecuador provocado por la falta de calidad humana de hodogogos frente a los problemas diarios que presentan los estudiantes. El objetivo de este artículo fue demostrar la necesidad de fortalecer la parte humana, los valores de respeto, solidaridad y convivencia. El resultado se expresó a través de un Manual Pedagógico de Ética y Valores con Enfoque Holístico por Proceso Direccionado a los Docentes de la Carrera de Ingeniería Comercial de la Universidad Estatal de Milagro. Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico y métodos del nivel empírico, entre los que se destacan: histórico-lógico, análisis y síntesis, observación, entrevistas y el pre-experimento pedagógico para validar la propuesta científica. Como resultado se apreció una mejoría en la calidad de vida de todos y cada uno de las personas que conforman el área del idioma extranjero de la UNEMI mejorando la concepción personal de sí mismos de forma positiva.
El diagnóstico de estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE) para ser incluidos en la educación regular
Authors: Vergara Mirtha Ana , Fernandez Martha Maria
Published: March 2019

Se presentó el estado actual de la preparación de docentes y directivos del Centro de Estudios Espíritu Santo para realizar el diagnóstico a los estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE). El objetivo de este trabajo fue corroborar el problema de investigación ¿Cómo realizar un diagnóstico que permita incluir  a los niños con NEE en la escuela regular en la Unidad Educativa Bilingüe Femenino Espíritu Santo?. El contenido del artículo formó parte de una investigación con la que se opta al título Magíster en Educación mención Inclusión Educativa y Atención a la Diversidad. Se emplearon métodos empíricos como entrevista, encuesta, auxiliados de técnicas como la revisión de documentos y la guía de observación. Se logró como resultado el estado actual del proceso de diagnóstico, de manera que sirvan de referentes para elaborar una propuesta metodológica que guía a los docentes.
El reto del éxito en el emprendimiento en la ciudad de Guayaquil.
Authors: Tellez Anisleydi
Published: March 2019

La presente investigación abordó la identificación y medición de los factores internos de éxito empresarial. Para la consecución de esta investigación se trazó como objetivo general: diseñar un procedimiento para la identificación y medición de los factores de éxito empresarial.

Los métodos y técnicas aplicados fueron entre otros las encuestas, entrevistas, el trabajo con las fuentes documentales y la consulta a especialistas, así como los propios del nivel teórico y algunos estadísticos.

La novedad del trabajo se manifestó a través de la elaboración de un procedimiento sustentado en las relaciones dialécticas que se establecen entre ingresos y gastos para el incremento sostenido de las utilidades.

Los resultados se concretan en la utilidad del procedimiento como herramienta útil para la identificación y medición de los factores internos de éxito empresarial.

En la presente investigación se demostró la viabilidad del procedimiento elaborado en la determinación de los factores de éxito empresarial en la ciudad de Guayaquil.
Acoso escolar una realidad presente en las instituciones educativas
Authors: Conopoima Yeriny del Carmen
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo toca una temática de gran trascendencia actual, al estar presente en todos los rincones del mundo, en un ámbito tan importante como lo es el educativo; se trata específicamente, del acoso escolar, el cual puede entenderse como  un tipo de violencia, que lleva aparejado, una situación de maltrato que ha captado la atención no solo   de educadores y padres y/o representantes, sino también de especialistas de la conducta, que al tener como característica un comportamiento  agresivo prolongado, lleva implícito  el desgaste psicológico y moral de la víctimas, quienes ven afectados su dinámica relacional en la escuela y  su buen desempeño académico, además de constituirse en un atentado a los derechos humanos. El acoso escolar conocido también como bullying, se verifica en forma de maltrato psicológico, verbal o físico, a lo que se agrega, el empleo de las nuevas tecnologías. Esta violencia se produce generalmente en el aula de clase, áreas de juegos o deportivas del plantel, propagándose hasta los hogares de los afectados.

Palabras clave: Acoso Escolar, Instituciones Educativas, Violencia Escolar
Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide
Authors: Nyalosaso Jeff L , Boonsin Rachod , Vialat Pierre , Boyer Damien , Chadeyron Geneviève , Mahiou Rachid , Leroux Fabrice
Published: March 2019

A new luminescent composite film resulting from the dispersion of luminescent organic dyes in a single-layered hydroxide (SLH)-type inorganic matrix has been developed. Two fluorescent organic dyes emitting visible light upon blue LED excitation were investigated in this study: dicyanomethylene (DCM) and pyranine (HPTS). These dyes exhibit broad emission bands that cover a large part of the visible spectrum. The concept developed in our work consisted in keeping SLH in its wet form to ensure a good dispersion of the fluorescent dyes prior to immobilizing the hybrid materials in a silicone polymer to achieve luminescent composite films. We demonstrate that these coatings stacked upon each other and placed above a blue LED lead to white-light emission with suitable photometric parameters for applications in lighting or display devices: colour temperature of 5409 K and colour rendering index (CRI) of 81.
PARALLEL ALGORITHMS FOR SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR DIFFUSION PROBLEMS IN IMAGE SMOOTHING
Authors: Čiegis R. , Jakušev A. , Krylovas A. , Suboč O.
Published: March 2019

In this work we consider parallel algorithms for solution of nonlinear parabolic PDEs. First mathematical models describing nonlinear diffusion filters are presented. The finite‐volume method is used to approximate differential equations. Parallel algorithms are based on the domain decomposition method. The algorithms are implemented by using ParSol parallelization tool and a brief description of this tool is also presented. The efficiency of proposed parallel algorithms is investigated and results of the scalability analysis are given. Theoretical predictions are compared with results of computational experiments. Application of nonlinear diffusion filters for analysis of computer tomography images is discussed in the last section of the paper.

Šiame darbe nagrinejami lygiagretieji algoritmai, kurie skirti netiesiniu nestacionariu difuzijos lygčiu sprendimui. Pirmiausia yra suformuluoti netiesiniu filtru matematiniai modeliai. Šie uždaviniai aproksimuoti baigtiniu tūriu schemomis.

Lygiagretieji algoritmai konstruojami duomenu lygiagretumo metodu. Jie realizuoti autoriu sukurtu ParSolprogramavimo irankiu. Pateiktas trumpas šio irankio aprašymas. Ištirtas lygiagrečiuju algoritmu efektyvumas ir pateikti algoritmu išplečiamumo analizes rezultatai. Teorines išvados palygintos su skaičiavimo rezultatais. Netiesiniai difuziniai filtrai pritaikyti galvos kompiuteriniu tomogramu filtravimui.
PERONA-MALIK EQUATION - ERROR ESTIMATES FOR EXPLICIT FINITE VOLUME SCHEME
Authors: Handlovičová A. , Krivá Z.
Published: March 2019

Error estimates in the L2 norm for the explicit fully discrete numerical finite volume scheme are derived and proved for Perona‐Malik equation. Numerical example is also presented.
THE NONLINEAR AND NONLOCAL INTEGRABLE SINE‐GORDON EQUATION
Authors: Miškinis P.
Published: March 2019

A new type of the nonlocal sine‐Gordon equation with the generalized interaction term is suggested. Its limit cases, symmetries and exact analytical solutions are obtained. This type of the nonlocal sine‐Gordon equation is shown to possess one‐, two‐ and N‐solitonic solutions which are a nonlocal deformation of the corresponding classical solutions of the sine‐Gordon equation.

Pasiūlyta nauja nelokali sine‐Gordono evoliucine lygtis su apibendrintu saveikos nariu. Nustatyti šios lygties ribiniai atvejai, Lagranžianas, simetrijos, tikslūs analiziniai sprendiniai. Parodyta, kad šios rūšies nelokali sine‐Gordono lygtis turi vieno, dvieju bei N‐solitoninius sprendinius, kurie yra atitinkamu klasikiniu sine‐Gordono lygties sprendiniu nelokalios deformacijos. Nelokalios sine‐Gordono lygties integruojamumas siejamas su geometrinemis dvimačiu nelokaliai deformuotu paviršiu savybemis.
ROBUST NOVEL HIGH-ORDER ACCURATE NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SINGULARLY PERTURBED CONVECTION‐DIFFUSION PROBLEMS
Authors: Shishkin G. I.
Published: March 2019

For singularly perturbed boundary value problems, numerical methods convergent ϵ‐uniformly have the low accuracy. So, for parabolic convection‐diffusion problem the order of convergence does not exceed one even if the problem data are sufficiently smooth. However, already for piecewise smooth initial data this order is not higher than 1/2. For problems of such type, using newly developed methods such as the method based on the asymptotic expansion technique and the method of the additive splitting of singularities, we construct ϵ‐uniformly convergent schemes with improved order of accuracy.

Straipsnyje nagrinejami nedidelio tikslumo ϵ‐tolygiai konvertuojantys skaitmeniniai metodai, singuliariai sutrikdytiems kraštiniams uždaviniams. Paraboliniam konvekcijos‐difuzijos uždaviniui konvergavimo eile neviršija vienos antrosios, jeigu uždavinio duomenys yra pakankamai glodūs. Tačiau trūkiems pradiniams duomenims eile yra ne aukštesne už 2−1. Šio tipo uždaviniams, naudojant naujai išvestus metodus, darbe sukonstruotos ϵ‐tolygiai konvertuojančios schemos aukštesniu tikslumu.
MEASURING CREDIT STRUCTURE IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CROATIA USING (VECM) 1990-2018
Authors: Škare Marinko , Sinković Dean , Porada-Rochoń Małgorzata
Published: March 2019

Studies on the finance-growth link use different proxy variables for financial development. Among the most used is the total credit share in the GDP. Previous empirical studies show to be sensitive to the choice of the finance proxy indicator. Total credit share in the GDP appears biased in empirical modeling. Credit structure (loans to firms and households) prove to be more robust when used in the modeling. Credit structure reveals a different impact on economic growth showing lending policy impact varies depending on the credit structure. Researchers studying the finance-growth link must account for this when investigating supply leading and demand-following theories. Policymakers should also take care of the credit structure since loans to household discourage growth in the long run and are sensitive to economic shocks. We find empirical evidence to support both supply leading and demand- following theory. Bi-directional causality between private loans to firms/households and economic growth exists using Granger causality test. Private loans to firms and households economic growth exists using Granger causality test. Private loans to firms and households have a positive impact on economic growth in Croatia.
Stars behind Bars II: A Cosmological Formation Scenario for the Milky Way’s Central Stellar Structure
Authors: Buck Tobias , Ness Melissa , Obreja Aura , Macciò Andrea V. , Dutton Aaron A.
Published: March 2019

The stellar populations in the inner kiloparsecs of the Milky Way (MW) show complex kinematical and chemical structures. The origin and evolution of these structures are still under debate. Here we study the central region of a fully cosmological hydrodynamical simulation of a disk galaxy that reproduces key properties of the inner kiloparsecs of the MW: it has a boxy morphology and shows an overall rotation and dispersion profile in agreement with observations. We use a clustering algorithm on stellar kinematics to identify a number of discrete kinematic components: a high- and low-spin disk, a stellar halo, and two bulge components, one fast-rotating and one slow-rotating. We focus on the two bulge components and show that the slow-rotating one is spherically symmetric while the fast-rotating component shows a boxy/peanut morphology. Although the two bulge components are kinematically discrete populations at present day, they are both mostly formed over similar timescales, from disk material. We find that stellar particles with lower initial birth angular momentum (most likely thick-disk stars) end up in the slow-rotating low-spin bulge, while stars with higher birth angular momentum (most likely thin-disk stars) are found in the high-spin bulge. This has the important consequence that a bulge population with a spheroidal morphology does not necessarily indicate a merger origin. In fact, we do find that only ∼2.3% of the stars in the bulge components are ex situ stars brought in by accreted dwarf galaxies early on. We identify these ex situ stars as the oldest and most metal-poor stars on highly radial orbits with large vertical excursions from the disk.
A Hubble Space Telescope Survey for Novae in the Globular Clusters of M87∗
Authors: Doyle Trisha F. , Shara Michael M. , Lessing Alec M. , Zurek David
Published: March 2019

The giant elliptical galaxy M87 has been imaged over 30 consecutive days in 2001, 60 consecutive days in 2005–2006, and every 5 days over a 265-day span in 2016–2017 with the Hubble Space Telescope, leading to the detection of 137 classical novae throughout M87. We have identified 2134 globular clusters (GC) in M87 in these images and carried out searches of the clusters for classical novae erupting in or near them. One GC CN was detected in the 2001 data, while zero novae were found during the 2005–2006 observations. Four candidate GC novae were (barely) detected in visible light during the 2016–2017 observations, but none of the four were seen in near-ultraviolet light, leading us to reject them. Combining these results with our detection of one M87 GC nova out of a total of 137 detected CN, we conclude that such novae may be overabundant relative to the field, but small number statistics dominate this and all other searches. A definitive determination of GC CN overabundance (or not) will require much larger samples, which LSST should provide in the coming decade.
Progressive Intrascleral Epithelial Cyst With Intracorneal Extension
Authors: Park Min Seob , Yoon Chang Ho , Kim Yong Woo , Lee Haeng-Jin , Yu Young Suk , Oh Joo Youn
Published: March 2019

The authors report a case of primary sclerolimbal cyst with corneal extension in a 3-year-old boy. The cyst enlarged and dissected into the cornea over time. Surgical excision with tectonic allograft was performed. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative anterior segment findings were shown, and results from histologic and cytologic assays were presented.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56:e20–e23.]
An Examination of the Determinants of the Adoption of Mobile Applications as Learning Tools for Higher Education Students
Authors: Chuchu Tinashe , Ndoro Tinashe
Published: March 2019

The main purpose of the present study was to examine whether mobile applica-tions could be adopted as feasible tools for learning purposes at higher education institutions. Furthermore the study’s intention was to conduct an empirical inves-tigation into students’ perceptions towards mobile applications being introduced as learning aids. The researcher developed a conceptual model derived from the technology acceptance model in order to measure the constructs used in the study. Adopting a quantitative approach, the field study was conducted in South Africa at a selected higher education institution. Research data was collected from 380 registered students at the selected higher education institution who were older than 18 years. Using SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 software programs, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed to analyse the data set. The results re-vealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitudes towards a mo-bile application, intention to use a mobile application were all significant predic-tors for the actual use of mobile applications for learning. The findings of the study illuminate the importance of the determinants of the adoption of mobile ap-plications for learning in higher education.
An Application of Flipped Classroom in Mathematics Teacher Education Programme
Authors: Umam Khoerul , Nusantara Toto , Parta I Nengah , Hidayanto Erry , Mulyono Herri
Published: March 2019

A body of literature has suggested the benefits of flipped classrooms in mathematics learning at university. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the benefits in the context of mathematics teacher education programme. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a flipped classroom application in a mathematics teacher education programme at a private university in Indonesia. A total of thirty-one pre-service teachers participated in the study. Multiple data collection methods were employed including observation, written journals and tests. The data were then analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings showed that flipped classroom promotes independent learning, with the type of classroom encouraging students to work together with other peers and improved learning awareness. However, some challenges were highlighted in flipped classroom application such as technical issues, editing recording skills, and it was time consuming. Recommendations are offered in reference with the findings. 
Epithelial Expression of an Interstitial Lung Disease–Associated Mutation in Surfactant Protein-C Modulates Recruitment and Activation of Key Myeloid Cell Populations in Mice
Authors: Venosa Alessandro , Katzen Jeremy , Tomer Yaniv , Kopp Meghan , Jamil Sarita , Russo Scott J. , Mulugeta Surafel , Beers Michael F.
Published: March 2019

Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) often experience precipitous deteriorations, termed “acute exacerbations” (AE), marked by diffuse alveolitis and altered gas exchange, resulting in a significant loss of lung function or mortality. The missense isoleucine to threonine substitution at position 73 (I73T) in the alveolar type 2 cell-restricted surfactant protein-C (SP-C) gene (SFTPC) has been linked to clinical IPF. To better understand the sequence of events that impact AE-IPF, we leveraged a murine model of inducible SP-CI73T (SP-CI73T/I73TFlp+/−) expression. Following administration of tamoxifen to 8–12-wk-old mice, an upregulation of SftpcI73T initiated a diffuse lung injury marked by increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein and histochemical evidence of CD45+ and CD11b+ cell infiltrates. Flow cytometry of collagenase-digested lung cells revealed a transient, early reduction in SiglecFhiCD11blowCD64hiCD11chi macrophages, countered by the sequential accumulation of SiglecFloCD11b+CD64−CD11c−CCR2+Ly6C+ immature macrophages (3 d), Ly6G+ neutrophils (7 d), and SiglecFhiCD11bhiCD11clo eosinophils (2 wk). By mRNA analysis, BALF cells demonstrated a time-dependent phenotypic shift from a proinflammatory (3 d) to an anti-inflammatory/profibrotic activation state, along with serial elaboration of monocyte and eosinophil recruitment factors. The i.v. administration of clodronate effectively reduced total BALF cell numbers, CCR2+ immature macrophages, and eosinophil influx while improving survival. In contrast, resident macrophage depletion from the intratracheal delivery of clodronate liposomes enhanced SftpcI73T-induced mortality. These results using SftpcI73T mice provide a detailed ontogeny for AE-IPF driven by alveolar epithelial dysfunction that induces a polycellular inflammation initiated by the early influx of proinflammatory CCR2+Ly6Chi immature macrophages.
A ilusória desconcentração industrial gaúcha após a recente crise econômica
Authors: Cagnin Antonio Paulo , De Oliveira Lemos Bruno , Bertê Ana Maria de Aveline , De Oliveira Suzana Beatriz
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo tem como finalidade analisar os efeitos da crise econômica brasileira recente na distribuição territorial da indústria de transformação no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O artigo parte da hipótese de que a retração na indústria teria sido acompanhada de uma reversão da tendência de crescimento dos empregos dos segmentos de média e alta complexidade na indústria de transformação. Esse processo levaria à criação de um padrão de desconcentração ilusória, ou seja, que se restringe ao ganho de importância na indústria de segmentos tradicionais, especialmente agroalimentares, originalmente mais bem distribuídos. As análises foram elaboradas tendo como base a utilização de dados de emprego fornecidos pela Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego do Brasil (MTE), nos anos de 2012 a 2015.
Estrutura produtiva setorial da costa sul do estado Rio Grande do Sul: uma abordagem com insumo produto
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo Da Rocha , De Oliveira Cassius Rocha , Johnston Fernanda Lopes
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste artigo foi estimar uma Matriz Insumo Produto da Costa Sul do Rio Grande do Sul buscando conhecer o perfil econômico da região a partir dos indicadores de análise. Os resultados dos multiplicadores de renda e emprego indicaram que os setores de maior impacto foram: produção florestal, pesca e aquicultura; armazenagem e correio; construção; comércio; agricultura e silvicultura e transporte de carga rodoviário. Além disso, foram considerados setores chaves da região com base nos índices de ligação: construção; outros serviços; produtos de madeira - exclusive móveis; água, esgoto e gestão de resíduos; fabricação de químicos e resinas e elastômeros e outros equipamentos de transporte. Em linhas gerais, tem grande representatividade na região as atividades relacionadas à produção florestal, atividade portuária e agronegócio.
Evolução socioespacial do município de Itapoá- SC
Authors: Junior Luiz Martins , Martins Rosa Elisabete Militz Wypyczynski
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo teve por objetivo contextualizar, caracterizar, descrever e compreender, o processo de transformação socioespacial, recente, do município de Itapoá. Realizou-se uma revisão literária do processo histórico da região e em seguida do município; ao finalizar a leitura, partiu-se para um trabalho de campo estruturado com perguntas priorizando informações da comunidade pretérita, para um público de 30 moradores mais antigos que contribuíram com esta história. Posteriormente, estes registros orais serviram notadamente para identificar o inicio do povoamento, ao mesmo sendo representadas em temáticas que hoje o meio técnico informacional auxilia para melhor entender como iniciou o processo de povoamento do território de Itapoá, as mudanças ao longo do tempo e como está configurada no espaço; e identificar os impactos causados com vinda do grande empreendimento portuário, e quais as transformações ocorridas no município, e como o espaço vem se organizando.
Verificação da integração entre o Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) e o Cadastro Nacional de Imóveis Rurais (CNIR) sob a ótica do cadastro territorial multifinalitário
Authors: Oliveira Luciana De , Oliveira Francisco Henrique
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a integração do Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) com a Lei de ‘Georreferenciamento de Imóveis Rurais’ (Lei 10.267/2001) por meio da comparação entre os limites dos objetos de interesse disponíveis nas duas bases de dados. O CAR foi criado  a partirdo novo Código Florestal (Lei 12.651/2012) e constitui-se numa base de dados georreferenciada sobre áreas florestais das propriedades rurais, com enfoque à preservação dos recursos florestais brasileiros no ambiente rural. O CAR tem demonstrado fragilidades em sua metodologia para levantamento geométrico dos limites a serem declarados, divulgando dados alarmantes a respeito de sobreposição de áreas. O resultado amostral da avaliação caracteriza que há diferenças conceituais sobre os objetos de interesse em cada banco de dados, gerido pelos seus respectivos órgãos, e ainda demonstram-se incongruências geométricas nos mapeamentos dos limites das propriedades e/ou parcelas.
Desastres e desempenho econômico: avaliação do impacto do rompimento da barragem de Mariana
Authors: Castro Lucas Siqueira de , Almeida Eduardo Simões de
Published: March 2019

Em 2015, ocorreu no Brasil o maior desastre de sua história, o rompimento de uma barragem na cidade de Mariana. Ao serem despejados na bacia do Rio Doce, os detritos de minério geraram externalidades negativas que afetaram dois Estados: Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto do desastre no desempenho econômico desses Estados. Para tanto, foram construídos controles sintéticos visando identificar qual seria o comportamento dos Estados diante da inexistência do desastre. Na produção industrial geral, o Espírito Santo mostrou uma redução de 18,22%, ao passo que não houve impacto significativo em Minas Gerais. No que tange à produção extrativa mineral, ambos os Estados apresentaram diminuição significativa neste índice em decorrência do desastre, sendo que Espírito Santo teve uma redução de 25,01%, ao passo que Minas Gerais apresentou uma diminuição de 15,58%.
Tom Petty’s Southern Accents
Authors: Washburn Michael
Published: March 2019

By 1985 Tom Petty had already obtained legendary status. He had fame. He had money. But he was restless, hoping to stretch his artistry beyond the confining format of songs like “The Waiting” and “Refugee.” Petty’s response to his restlessness was Southern Accents. Initially conceived as a concept album about the American South, Southern Accents’s marathon recording sessions were marred by aesthetic and narcotic excess. The result is a hodgepodge of classic rock songs mixed with nearly unlistenable 80s music. Then, while touring for the album, Petty made extensive use of the iconography of the American Confederacy, something he soon came to regret. Despite its artistic failure and public controversy, Southern Accents was a pivot point for Petty. Reeling from the defeat, Petty reimagined himself as deeply, almost mythically, Californian, obtaining his biggest success with Full Moon Fever.

Michael Washburn explores the history of Southern Accents and how it sparked Petty’s reinvention. Washburn also examines how the record both grew out of and reinforced enduring but flawed assumptions about Southern culture and the Lost Cause of the Confederacy
Mycorrhizae: a key interaction for conservation of two endangered Magnolias from Andean forests
Authors: Serna-González Marcela , Urrego-Giraldo Ligia E. , Osorio Nelson Walter , Valencia-Ríos Diego
Published: March 2019

Background and aims – Magnolia species are highly endangered in neotropical forests where they are highly endemic and often very rare. However, little is known about their nutritional and soil conditions in natural forests. In this study, we focused on two endangered Magnolia species that cohabit in the Colombian Andean cloud forests in order to identify their conservation and nutritional status. We hypothesize that these species might exhibit mycorrhizal colonization that enhance nutrients uptake in poor and disturbed soils. Methods – Individuals of Magnolia jardinensis and M. yarumalensis were assessed in 11 000 m2 of Andean forests remnants from Jardín municipality (Antioquia, Colombia). Foliar and soil samples were analysed in the lab. Through a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) we identified the relationship between soil conditions and foliar nutrition. Root fragments and rhizosphere samples from seedlings and juveniles up to 3 m tall were collected to verify mycorrhizal colonization and presence of other microorganisms. Adults were excluded of the sampling due to the difficulties to differentiate their roots among the rest of the species in the forest fragments. Key results – The surveys show that the M. yarumalensis population has an inverted J-shaped diametric distribution suggesting a potential recovering population while the smaller overall distribution of M. jardinensis in all diametric categories suggests that this species is likely to become extinct. Both species grow in acidic, infertile soils, although foliar nutrient concentrations did not correlate with soil-nutrient availability. Such a discrepancy and the high colonization levels of mycorrhizae (60–70%) and dark septate endophytes (40–45%), suggest that plant-microorganisms may facilitate nutrition and enhance survival of Magnolia species in stressed environments. Other fungi and bacteria were also found in their rhizosphere, but their role with respect to Magnolia species remains unclear.Conclusions - Mycorrhizal colonization of endangered Magnolia species seems to play a key role to their performance in natural disturbed Andean forests. Aspects related to soil and rhizosphere ecology should be included in conservation projects for endangered and endemic plants.
First observations of nectar-drinking lizards on the African mainland
Authors: Wester Petra
Published: March 2019

Background and aims – Pollination of flowers is performed mainly by insects, but also by vertebrates. In South Africa, beside birds, non-flying mammals contribute to pollination. During video surveillance of plants adapted to non-flying mammal pollination, surprisingly, lizards were observed at the flowers. The question was addressed whether the lizards consume nectar and whether they could be potential pollinators of these plants.Methods – Flowering Massonia grandiflora in the Cederberg and Eucomis regia (both Asparagaceae) in Namaqualand of South Africa were monitored with camcorders and camera traps for potential flower visitors. The footage was analysed for the type of floral visitor, foraging behaviour, contact areas of the plants’ reproductive organs on the animals as well as potential pollen transfer between animals and flowers.Key results – The Cape cliff lizard Hemicordylus capensis (Cordylidae) visited the flowers of M. grandiflora and the Namaqua day gecko Rhoptropella ocellata (Gekkonidae) visited E. regia flowers, both licking nectar. Thereby, the lizards touched the reproductive organs of the flowers and got dusted with pollen (at least H. capensis) on the same area of their head.Conclusions – Visitation and pollination of flowers by lizards is a rarely observed phenomenon, especially in continental ecosystems. These are the first observations of lizards drinking floral nectar on the African mainland. As the areas on the animals’ head where pollen got deposited by the flowers’ anthers overlapped with the areas that touched the flowers’ stigma, it is very likely that the lizards contribute to pollination. However, the lizards’ role and importance as pollinators of the small-mammal-pollinated plants have to be proven by further observations and experiments.
Amaioua longipedicellata (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic coast
Authors: Delprete Piero G. , Jardim Jomar G.
Published: March 2019

Background – Ongoing studies of Brazilian Rubiaceae revealed an undescribed species of Amaioua endemic to Atlantic Forest (Restinga and Semideciduous forest) of the state of Bahia, which is here described and illustrated, and its morphological characters are discussed and compared with those of similar species. Methods – This study is based on examinations of herbarium specimens, samples preserved in 60% ethanol, field observations, and digital images. Herbarium specimens of the CAY, CEPEC, HBR, IBGE, K, MBM, NY, RB, U, UB, UFG, and US herbaria were directly studied. Additional images of herbarium specimens were studied online. Results – Amaioua longipedicellata Delprete & J.G.Jardim is here described, illustrated and compared with the two most similar species, i.e., A. glomerulata (Lam. ex Poir.) Delprete & C.H.Perss. and A. intermedia Mart. A table comparing the morphological characters of these three species, and an appendix with selected specimens studied of A. glomerulata and A. intermedia are included.
Floral resource availability of Dicliptera squarrosa (Acanthaceae) and its dependence on hummingbirds for fruit formation in a forest fragment of Central Brazil
Authors: Matias Raphael , Furtado Marco Túlio , Rodrigues Silvia B. , Consolaro Hélder
Published: March 2019

Background and aims – Hummingbirds are dependent and specialized on nectar-feeding, and many plants depend upon them for pollination. However, the degree of plant-pollinator interdependence varies greatly among species; thus, information on plant mating systems and availability of resources may help to clarify the dependence of interacting organisms. The goals of this study were to (1) quantify the floral resource available during the flowering of Dicliptera squarrosa Nees for comparison with other co-flowering ornithophilous species, and to (2) determine the importance of floral visitors for the reproductive success of this plant.Methods – Data collection was performed in a forest fragment within the urban perimeter of Catalão, Goiás, from September 2012 to August 2013. We investigated the flowering phenology, floral biology, nectar characteristics, flower visitors and mating systems of D. squarrosa. Additionally, we evaluated the amount of floral resource offered (number of flowers and energy in joules) by co-flowering ornithophilous species within an area of 6000 m2 for comparison with D. squarrosa.Key results – Dicliptera squarrosa presents flowers adapted to pollination by hummingbirds, which act as the sole pollinator group for flowers of this species. Flowering occurs from June to September and is synchronous with five other co-flowering species. During the months between July and September, D. squarrosa is the main food source for hummingbirds in the area, offering more floral resources than all of the other five ornithophilous species together. Plants of this species are self-compatible, but they depend on hummingbirds to transfer pollen; levels of autonomous autogamy were low.Conclusions – We suggest that D. squarrosa is an important species for maintaining hummingbirds in the forest fragment due to its high production of nectar resources. In addition, data on floral biology, flower visitors, and mating systems showed the importance of hummingbirds for reproduction of D. squarrosa, suggesting a mutualistic interaction between plant and hummingbirds.