bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation research on welded residual stress and distortion of aero-engine afterburner lobe mixer with different welding sequences
Authors: jin hongxi , Chen Zhenlin , Liu Xiangbo , Wei Yanhong , Chen Jicheng
Published: November 2022

Most thin-walled parts of aero-engines with intricate surfaces, such as lobe mixer, are welded using tungsten inert gas (TIG), which will certainly induce stress and distortion, causing a serious influence on assembly accuracy. The objective of this study was to establish a finite element model to optimize TIG wire filler welding sequence for an aero-engine lobe mixer composed of GH3044 nickel-based superalloy at the thickness of 2 mm. A new method for optimizing residual stress and deformation in the welding of large-size components was proposed.We carried out a 2 mm thickness plate TIG wire filler welding experiment to obtain the ideal process parameters and validate the heat source model and thermal boundary condition, and also designed a set of frock clamp.The stress and distortion of the lobed mixer were analyzed under various welding sequences based on the established finite element model. The results of the study showed that the peak residual stress difference of the lobe mixer is smaller using such a fixture. Different welding sequences affected the stress uniformity throughout the structural member. The symmetrical welding of single weld was a better process, with a peak distortion of only 0.54 mm and uniform stress distribution.
Impact of a postpartum care rehabilitation program to prevent postpartum depression at a Secondary Municipal Hospital in Qingdao China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqian , Zuo Xiaoli , Matheï Catharina , Aertgeerts Bert , Afnan Masoud , Li Tang , Buntinx Frank , Vermandere Mieke
Published: November 2022

Background
The emerging postpartum rehabilitation (PPR) program in Chinese hospitals characterized by applying ongoing medical care through traditional cultural practices shows a protective effect in early puerperium in China. This study explores the benefit of PPR program practices to postpartum depression (PPD) and other possible influencing factors for PPD among Chinese women during the first postnatal six weeks.
Methods
The cross-sectional study included 403 participants and was conducted in a Secondary Municipal Hospital in Qingdao, China, from 01 December 2018 to 31 December 2021. Information on this PPR program was collected during the six-weeks postpartum consultation, including the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) scores, the measurement results for diastasis recti abdominis, and the international physical activity questionnaire (long form) (IPAQ-L) scores. Logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of the PPR program on PPD among the local population. The secondary aim of this study was to investigate possible influencing factors for PPD, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), physical exercises, etc.
Results
PPR program has shown a clearly positive effect in preventing PPD (p < 0.001) and diastasis recti prevalence (p < 0.001) during the six-weeks postnatal control in Qingdao, China. Better post-pregnancy weight reduction (p = 0.04) and higher metabolic equivalent of task (MET) value (p < 0.001) were noticed in the non-PPR group. Furthermore, lower PPD risk was associated with longer relationship duration years (2–5 years) (p = 0.04) and exercising one to three times a week (p = 0.01). A higher PPD risk was related to urinary incontinence during the postpartum period (p = 0.04) and subjective insomnia (p < 0.001). No significant effect was shown between COVID-19 and the EPDS score in this study (p = 0.50).
Conclusion
Our results suggested that the PPR program provided protection against PPD and diastasis recti during the first six weeks after delivery. Urinary incontinence and subjective insomnia were risk factors for PPD, while longer relationship duration years and exercising one to three times a week gave protective effects to PPD. This study emphasized that a comprehensive ongoing medical care program, such as the PPR program, effectively improves women’s mental and physical health in the early postpartum in China.
Evaluation of two terpene-derived polymers as consolidants for archaeological wood
Authors: Cutajar Michelle , Braovac Susan , Stockman Robert A. , Howdle Steven M. , Harding Stephen E.
Published: November 2022

The evaluation of two terpene-derived polymers, termed TPA6 and TPA7, as possible consolidants for archaeological wood was carried out. The overall objective of this work was to expand the non-aqueous treatment toolkit which is available for the conservation of the highly degraded Oseberg collection. The wood artefacts which were found on the Oseberg ship were treated with alum in the early 20th century, leading to the formation of sulfuric acid and to the precarious state that they are in today. Some of these artefacts cannot be treated with conventional aqueous consolidants, like polyethylene glycol, due to their highly degraded and/or reconstructed nature. This study sought to examine the level of penetration of the polymers in archaeological wood and to evaluate their consolidative effect. Both TPA6 and TPA7 were soluble in isopropanol and had a Mw of 3.9 and 4.2 kDa respectively. A number of archaeological wood specimens were immersed in solutions of these polymers. Their penetration and effects were evaluated using weight and dimensional change, colour change, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and hardness tests. Both polymers successfully penetrated the wood specimens, with a higher concentration found on the surface versus the core. Additionally, both polymers appeared to increase the hardness of the specimen surfaces. Increasing the polymer concentration and soaking time in future investigations could potentially facilitate the penetration to the wood cores.
Evaluation of MHPSS Hotline Data to Enhance its Services during COVID-19 Pandemic in Egypt
Authors: Ali Nemat , Noby Sally I. , Othman Mohamed , Wahdan Maha M. , Nagar zeinab El , Ibrahim Dalia I. , Maksod Menan Abd El
Published: November 2022

Counseling and psychological support services were influenced by the pandemic. To reach those who seek mental health services, the General Secretary of Mental Health and Addiction Treatment (GSMHAT) has devised a strategy plan and approaches that have been placed in a timetable (2015-2016) and sent to hospital administrators and departments. The objectives of Hotline are to evaluate the national hotline for psychosocial assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify concerns with data collection, and offer stakeholders with a comprehensive hotline profile that identifies improvements and obstacles. This Review intends to illustrate the significance of internet technology to the Egyptian public-health response to the COVID-19 epidemic in terms of mental health problem management. This assessment demonstrates how our nation maintains alignment with international strategies for the regulation, evaluation, and application of digital technology to boost pandemic management and future preparedness for COVID-19 and other infectious illnesses.
Numerical study on the evolution of reservoir pressure and CBM concentration considering hydraulic fractures
Authors: Wang Yuan , Zhong Liguo , Zhang Lei , Zou Junpeng
Published: November 2022

Based on the theories of mass conservation and coalbed methane (CBM) adsorption/desorption, a novel reservoir pressure model for CBM production is derived first. Followed by which, the CBM concentration and production models are also proposed. Then, these models are programmed and solved by means of the finite element method. Taking the Hunchun CBM field in Jilin province, China as an example, the reservoir pressure, gas concentration and production characteristics under different hydraulic fracture forms are simulated and investigated. The reservoir pressure decreases very rapidly in a small region near the fracture tip, which we called the “reservoir pressure singularity”. The existence of a hydraulic fracture greatly reduces the reservoir pressure in the process of CBM exploitation. The permeability sensitivity coefficient of reservoir pressure Rpk is defined to quantitatively describe the influence of coal seam permeability on the evolution of reservoir pressure. Rpk decreases logarithmically as the distance from CBM extraction well increases. The reservoir pressure and CBM recovery rate characteristics in the presence of multiple hydraulic fractures are also investigated. We believe these results could contribute to the design of hydraulic fracturing wells and the evaluation of gas production in a CBM reservoir.
The Social Cost of Fossil and Industrial CO2 Emissions from 1950 to 2018
Authors: Rickels Wilfried , Meier Felix , Quaas Martin
Published: November 2022

Past CO2 emissions cause cost and reduce wealth in the future. The present value of these costs measure the wealth borrowing from the future and countries differ considerably in their share and time profile of past CO2 emissions. Here we calibrate an integrated assessment model to data on past economic and climate development to estimate the social costs of carbon (SCC) to assess country-specific climate wealth borrowing by fossil and industrial-process CO2 emissions from 1950 to 2018. While
historical SCC have been fairly low, they were not zero, reflecting the long-lasting impact of CO2 emissions on wealth. The USA and China are responsible for almost 40 percent of climate-wealth borrowing since 1950: the US share is 25.3 (SD:1.9) and 23.5 (SD:1.1) percent, China’s share is 12.4 (SD:1.1) and 15.1(SD:1.50) percent for the calibrated and expert-based specification of the social-discount rate, respectively.
Association of kidney function and major adverse cardiovascular events in 470,453 elderly: insights from a community-based cohort study in China
Authors: Wang Chun , Huang Huijie , Lyu Yuanjun , Li Xia , Wang Xiaomeng , Chang Qinxue , Wang Keyun , Liu Yin , Gao Jing , Cui Zhuang , Li Changping
Published: November 2022

Background: Data are sparse regarding the association between kidney function and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among older adults.
Methods: Within the Tianjin community residents Health Promotion Prospective Study, 470,453 participants without MACE were followed-up from 2014 to 2021. MACE was ascertained as the composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke or cardiovascular disease (CVD) death. The eGFR was calculated by serum creatinine (SCr) with formula at baseline and classified into four strata (< 30, 30-59, 60-89, ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2). BP was measured annually and systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg was defined as BP poor-control. Data were analyzed using Cox model regression and mediation analysis.
Results: During the follow-up, 50,403 participants (mean age = 67.95 ± 6.68 years, 54.90% female) developed incident MACE. Compared to ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2 eGFR, the multi-adjusted hazards ratio (95% CI) for < 30 mL/min/1.73m2 eGFR was 3.403 (3.014 to 3.842) of MACE, the multi-adjusted HR (95% CI) for the 30-59 mL/min/1.73m2 eGFR was 1.393 (1.250 to 1.551) of MI, the multi-adjusted HR (95% CI) for 30-59 mL/min/1.73m2 eGFR was 1.227 (1.141 to 1.320) of stroke, the multi-adjusted HR (95% CI) for < 30 mL/min/1.73m2 eGFR was 4.134 (3.647 to 4.687) of CVD death. The association between eGFR and MACE was 17.57% mediated by BP poor-control.
Conclusions: Poor kidney function was associated with increased risk of MACE and may be partially mediated by poorly control of BP among older adults.
Research on the community electric carbon emission prediction considering the dynamic emission coefficient of power system
Authors: Yu Hui , Yang Yang , Li Bin , Liu Bowen , Guo Yuanhu , Wang Yunqi , Guo Zhongfu , Meng Ronghua
Published: November 2022

Based on the counted power system emission factors of North China Power Grid(NCPG), a community carbon emissions sample database is constructed. The support vector regression (SVR) model is trained to forecast the power carbon emissions, which is optimized by genetic algorithm(GA). A community carbon emission warning system is designed according the results. The dynamic emission coefficient curve of the power system is obtained by fitting the annual carbon emission coefficients of NCPG. The time series SVR carbon emission prediction model is constructed and the GA are improved to optimize its parameters. Taking Beijing Caochang Community as an example, a carbon emission sample database is generated based on the electricity consumption and emission coefficient curve to training and testing the SVR model. The results show that the GA-SVR model fits well with the training set and the testing set, and the prediction accuracy of the testing set reaches 86%. In view of the training model in this paper, the carbon emission trend of community electricity consumption in the next month is predicted. The carbon emission warning system of the community is designed, and the specific strategy of community carbon emission reduction is proposed.
Co-constructing effective collective intelligence networks in rare diseases: A mixed method approach to identify the parameters that matter for patients, professionals and policy-makers
Authors: Antoniadou Victoria , Hadjipanayis Adamos
Published: November 2022

Background
Rare diseases are a particular field of public health which is characterized by scattered, often insufficient knowledge and infrastructure. The scarcity of specialised knowledge often forces clinicians and patients to an incomplete picture of the diseases and associated risks. Effective person-centred networks appear promising for solving such real world and life-defining problems by purposely sourcing geographically-dispersed specialised knowledge.
The design and implementation of the RARE-e-CONNECT network technology platform is described. The project was funded to create collaborative spaces for the development of international partnerships in Cyprus’ rare disease healthcare, promoting the dissemination of expertise and specialised knowledge on rare diseases while saving resources through tele-consultation. Parameters that matter for patients, professionals and policy-makers through the RARE-e-CONNECT experience were evaluated by using a participatory mixed-methods approach, consisting of (1) a needs assessment survey with 27 patients/families and patients and 26 Healthcare Professionals in the two referral hospitals for the diagnosis and management of rare diseases; (2) interviews with 40 patients, families and patient representatives and 37 clinicians and laboratory scientists, including national ERN coordinators/members; (3) activity metrics from 210 healthcare professionals and 251 patients/families/patient representatives participating on the platform.
Results
Our results indicate usage and intention by health professionals, patients/families to openly provide decentralized specialised information for raising suspicion amongst primary care physicians to facilitate the necessary referrals and lead informed decision-making by patients/families. This article discusses how telehealth is inextricably linked to social, cultural, organisational, technological and policyfactors affecting uptake. User behaviour was largely affected by the prevailing social norm favouring individual practice, as well as missing policies related to telemedicine and shared care.
Conclusions
We argue that collective intelligence tools need to be formally considered and work hand in hand with national and European policies/ regulatory frameworks to promote proactiveness amongst the healthcare community with regards to the timely diagnosis of rare diseases, facilitating the patient pathway to specialists, and establishing collaborative pathways between countries for sourcing collective intelligence on complex cases, saving resources through teleconsultation.
Design Expert-implemented Nimodipine Nanoemulsion: Fabrication, Optimization, and Characterization for Improved Oral Bioavailability and Physical Stability
Authors: Das Prativa , Panda Jnyanaranjan , Jena Goutam Kumar , Patra Ch Niranjan , Panigrahi Kahnu Charan
Published: November 2022

Background
The oral bioavailability and biological half-life (t1/2) of nimodipine(NIMO) are 13%(approximately) and 7-8h, respectively. The poor oral bioavailability and short t1/2 are due to extensive hepatic metabolism. Due to short t1/2, frequent drug administration is required, which leads to the patient being incompliant and inconvenient. In order to improve the oral bioavailability as well as the physical stability, quality by design(QbD)-driven NIMO nanoemulsion was developed with a certain quality target product profile (QTPP). .In this investigation, the three components triacetin as oil phase, labrasol as a surfactant, and plurol oleique CC 497 as co-surfactant were selected after screening. The ratio of surfactant and co-surfactant (Smix) was selected from the pseudo-ternary phase diagram drawn by using ProSim ternary software. A d-optimal mixture design was employed to optimize the formulation. The dynamic light scattering (DLS), FTIR, DSC, X-RD, SEM, in vitro drug release, stability study, and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies were carried out for the characterization of the optimized formulation.
Results
The globule size, PDI, and Zeta potential of the optimized formulation were found to be 322.1 nm, 0.48, and − 14.5 mV respectively. The result of in vivo pharmacokinetic studies exhibited three-fold enhanced oral bioavailability of the optimized nanoemulsion as compared to the pure drug of nimodipine and the physical stability of the optimized nanoemulsion improved significantly as compared to the pure drug.
Conclusion
The NIMO-loaded nanoemulsion can be successfully fabricated by implementing the QbD approach with improved oral bioavailability and physical stability significantly as compared to the pure drug of NIMO.
The effect of green supply chain management practices on the sustainability performance of Turkish shipyards
Authors: Tantan Mehmet , Akdağ Hatice Camgöz
Published: November 2022

The present study examined the green supply chain management (GSCM) practices applied in Turkish shipyards and their impact on three sustainability dimensions: environmental, social, and economic. The GSCM practices examined comprised green design, green purchasing, green production, green marketing, environmental management, and recycling. All these practices are applicable for the shipbuilding industry that creates tangible economic value but also causes substantial environmental and social issues. Already, sustainability implementation, environmentally related regulations, and corporate standards have initiated new design and construction practices in the shipbuilding and shipyards. A research model was created here to test the relationship between six GSCM practices and the three sustainability performance dimensions. The authors utilized an updated, altered survey from recent academic research in the Turkish chemical, electronic, automotive, or food packaging industries. The research revealed that the GSCM practices green design, green purchasing, green production, green marketing, environmental management, and recycling were indicators those selected by the experts in the shipbuilding sector. Furthermore, these selected indicators were tested by SEM-PLS for its significance and relationship within each other. The result was found positively significant for the economic and social performance. Nevertheless, there was no direct improvement in the environmental performance dimension, despite the implementation ISO 14001 certification in 95% of the shipyards. Certificate is the first step for GSCM practices but not means company achieved environmental performance positively. The certification is not enough to justify that the companies are environmentally protected, as well as approval using GSCM. Environmental uncertainty did neither have a moderating effect between GSCM practices and sustainability performances.
High plasma IL-18 identifies high-risk ARDS patients not identified by latent class analysis sub-phenotyping: a secondary analysis of the SAILS and HARP-2 studies
Authors: Moore Andrew R , Pienkos Shaun M , Sinha Pratik , Guan Jiazhen , O’Kane Cecilia M , Levitt Joseph E , Wilson Jennifer G , Shankar-Hari Manu , Matthay Michael A , Calfee Carolyn S , Baron Rebecca M , McAuley Daniel F , Rogers Angela J
Published: November 2022

Background: Both latent class analysis (LCA) assignment based upon a panel of plasma biomarkers and interleukin-18 (IL-18) plasma level have been shown to predict prognosis and treatment response in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Interleukin-18 is a measure of inflammasome activation and plays a distinct role in inflammation that is not captured by the biomarkers used in LCA assignments. We hypothesized that elevated IL-18 would provide additive prognostic and therapeutic information to previously published LCA assignments in ARDS, identifying additional “high-risk” patients not captured by LCA who could be eligible for inclusion in future precision medicine-focused trials.
Methods: IL-18 and a panel of protein markers used for LCA had been previously measured in plasma from 683/745 patients in the Statins for Acutely Injured Lungs from Sepsis (SAILS) and 511/540 patients in the Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibition with simvastatin in Acute lung injury to Reduce Pulmonary dysfunction (HARP-2) trials. We tested the association between high IL-18 (>800 pg/mL) and LCA class assignment using McNemar’s test and evaluated the association of each subgrouping as well as treatment with 60-day mortality using Fisher’s exact test. We assessed 60-day mortality in each combination (high/low IL-18, hypo-/hyper-inflammatory LCA class, and treatment/placebo) using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. We evaluated the correlation between the log2 transformed IL-18 level and LCA biomarkers using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: 33% of patients in SAILS and HARP-2 were discordant by IL-18 level and LCA class. Elevated IL-18 identified a high-risk group of individuals previously classified as hypo-inflammatory by LCA in both SAILS (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.8-6.1, p<0.001) and HARP-2 (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.8, p = 0.009). IL-18 was only moderately correlated with LCA biomarkers with r of 0.17-0.47.
Conclusions: High Plasma IL-18 level provides additional prognostic information to LCA sub-phenotypes in two large ARDS cohorts.
An intelligent decision support system for acute postoperative endophthalmitis: design, development and evaluation of a smartphone application
Authors: salehzadeh Azam , Shaeri Mahdi , Shoeibi Nasser , Hoseini Seyede Maryam , Jeddi Fatemeh Rangraze , Farrahi Razieh , Nabovati Ehsan
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate an intelligent decision support system for acute postoperative endophthalmitis. This study was conducted in 2020–2021 in three phases: analysis, design and development, and evaluation. The user needs and the features of the system were identified through interviews with end users. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The list of clinical signs of acute postoperative endophthalmitis was provided to ophthalmologists for prioritization. The k-nearest neighbors' algorithm was used in the design of the computing core of the system for disease diagnosis. The acute postoperative endophthalmitis diagnosis application was developed for using by physicians and patients. Based on the data of 60 acute postoperative endophthalmitis patients, 3693 acute postoperative endophthalmitis records and 12 non-acute postoperative endophthalmitis records were identified. The learning process of the algorithm was performed on 70% of the data and 30% of the data was used for evaluation. The most important features of the application for physicians were selecting clinical signs and symptoms, predicting diagnosis based on artificial intelligence, physician-patient communication, selecting the appropriate treatment, and easy access to scientific resources. The results of the usability evaluation showed that the application was good with a mean (± SD) score of 7.73 ± 0.53 out of 10. All-round participation and using the experiences of clinical specialists, and their awareness of patient needs, as well as the availability of comprehensive acute postoperative endophthalmitis clinical dataset led to the design of a decision support system with accuracy, precision and sensitivity above 90%.
Synthesis of magnetic luminescent nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @LaF 3 :Eu,Ag@APTES@β-CD, a potential carrier of ciprofloxacin and bioimaging agent
Authors: Swain Sangita , Phaomei Ganngam , Dash Sandip Kumar , Tripathy Sukanta Kumar
Published: November 2022

Fe3O4@LaF3:Eu,Ag hybrid magnetic luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation method and then functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The chemical composition, crystalline nature, particle size, and surface morphology of the Fe3O4@LaF3:Eu,Ag@APTES@β-CD NPs were investigated, using powder X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The uptake and release profiling of the LaF3:Eu,Ag@Fe3O4@β-CD NPs for the hydrophilic drug ciprofloxacin, showed 40 and 85% efficiency, respectively. The results indicated that the NPs have a high drug loading yield and a sustained drug releasing profile of the NPs, indicating that they can be used as a drug carrier. The photoluminescence spectral analysis of the NPs revealed their potentiality for use in bioimaging. Further analysis of the drug-loaded NPs (Fe3O4@LaF3:Eu,Ag@APTES@β-CD-ciprofloxacin) revealed, 100% microbial inhibition efficiency against Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae, and a minimum of 80% against Bacillus cereus.
Learning to train and to explain a deep survival model with large scale ovarian cancer transcriptomic data
Authors: Menand Elena Spirina , De Vries-Brilland Manon , Tessier Leslie , Dauvé Jonathan , Campone Mario , Verrièle Véronique , J Nisrine , Marion Jean-Marie , Chauvet Pierre , Passot Christophe , Morel Alain
Published: November 2022

Ovarian cancer is a complex disease with poor outcome affecting women worldwide. The lack of successful therapeutic options for ovarian cancer patients results in the strong need to identify new biomarkers for patient selection. The development of outcome predictors based on gene expression is important not only for patient stratification but also to recognize categories of patients that are more likely to respond to particular therapies. In this paper, we proposed a new deep learning survival model trained on the high-dimensional transcriptomic data for the task of ovarian cancer prognostication. We validated our deep learning survival model on an independent clinical and molecular datatset. Finally, we illustrated the way our model can be interpreted, by calculating the contributions of the input features to the network outputs. We demonstrated how these contributions can be related to the molecular pathways to uncover biological processes associated with ovarian cancer patients survival.
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Helical Tomotherapy Improved the Efficacy of Multiple Brain Metastases----Long-term Follow-up Results of a Phase II Trial
Authors: Ma Yuchao , Liu Qingfeng , Zhang Hongmei , Tian Yuan , Xu Yingjie , Bi Nan , Chen Xuesong , Wang Wenqing , Wang Kai , Huang Xiaodong , Zhao Ruizhi , Yang Siran , Yi Junlin , Li Ye-xiong , Xiao Jianping , Zhang Ye
Published: November 2022

Background and purpose
Multiple brain metastases (BMs) remain a therapeutic challenge. Helical tomotherapy (HT) is a novel equipment which has shown favorable dosimetric properties in previous studies. The aim of this single institutional phase II trial was to investigate the feasibility and toxicity of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) with or without simultaneous whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) by HT in treating patients with multiple BMs.
Materials and Methods
Patients with at least 3 BMs were enrolled. All the patients were treated with HT. The prescribed dose was 40 Gy in 20 fractions for WBRT and 60 Gy in 20 fractions for BMs simultaneously. For patients who had prior WBRT or refusing WBRT, focal HFRT for the lesions with optimized doses based on tumor volumes and locations were given. The primary endpoint was 1y-intracranial progression free survival (IPFS).
Results
Between September 2014 and June 2017, 69 patients were enrolled and finally been analyzed. The median follow-up time was 40.1 months. The 1-year IPFS rate was 80.5%. The median survival time was 18.1 months (95% CI, 15.5–20.7). The 1-year local control, overall survival and brain metastasis-specific survival rates were 96.4%, 71.0% and 94.6%, respectively. The 2-year rates were 87.6%, 51.1% and 39.1%, respectively. Only 1 patient (1.4%) had Grade 3 hematological toxicity and the radiation necrosis rate was 2.9%.
Conclusion
Helical tomotherapy was well tolerated and could significantly extend IPFS compared with historical controls in multiple BMs.
Active Thermography for Non‑invasive Inspection of Wall Painting: Novel Approach based on Thermal Recovery Maps
Authors: Rippa Massimo , Vigorito Maria Rosaria , Russo Maria Rosaria , Mormile Pasquale , Trojsi Giorgio
Published: November 2022

The development of novel non-invasive diagnostic methods to support artwork conservation is an important aspect for preserving human culture. For many years the restoration work has been assisted by various technologies with digital imaging systems playing an important role. An important request is the use of non-invasive diagnostic tools that allow the detection of defects and a comparison between their state before and after consolidation treatments. Among these, infrared thermography is a well-known non-invasive and contact-less imaging method that can enable low-cost in situ analysis. This work investigates the feasibility of an innovative active thermography approach based on the calculation of thermal recovery maps (TRMs) to detect detachments in wall painting. Its capabilities are tested on a work of art datable in the XVIII century by making measurements in situ before and after a consolidation work. The results achieved show how this analysis can significantly support the restoration works in the detection of critical/defective areas and for a pre-post restoration comparison of the artwork.
Malignant potential of breast cancer stem cells is associated with environment- dependent upregulation of the Oct3/4 network
Authors: Rajan Robin G. , Krutilina Raisa I. , Ignatova Tatyana N. , Pavicevich Zoran S. , Dulatova Galina M. , Lane Maria N. , Chatterjee Arindam R. , Rooney Robert J. , Antony Mymoon , Hagerty Vivian R. , Kukekov Nickolay V. , Hanafy Khalid A. , Vrionis Frank D.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The pioneer transcriptional factors (PTFs) of the Oct3/4 network including Oct3/4, Nanog, Sox2, Sall4 (ONSS), have been associated with breast cancer. Regulation of ONSS and other factors in this network were assessed for their role in malignancy. Methods: Triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) transfected with human Oct3/4-GFP promoter was sorted using FACS. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using qPCR and microarray. 3D mammospheres (CSC) from Oct3/4(+) cells were assessed for stable Oct3/4 expression. Tumor seeding and lung metastatic potential of Oct3/4(+) cells were assessed in immunocompromised mice. DEGs in the tumors were assessed with respect to implanted tissue (SQ, lungs or brain), recurrence, and metastases. Expression of CD44+/CD24- was evaluated using flow cytometry. Resistance of Oct3/4(+) cells to paclitaxel was assessed using MTS assay. Results: Oct3/4-GFP expression was stable in mammospheres. Oct3/4(+) cells showed 25 DEGs and significant resistance to paclitaxel when compared to non-transfected cells. Upregulated growth and developmental genes included Gata6, FoxA2, Sall4, Zic2, H2afJ, Stc1 and Bmi1. The Oct3/4(+) cells also showed enhanced tumorigenic potential and aggressive growth in immunocompromised mice. Additionally, this modulated transcriptome of the Oct3/4 (+) cells showed further upregulation of several genes in metastatic lung lesions in mice (> 5 fold) compared to orthotopic tumors including Oct4A, Bmi1, Ezh2, Klf5, Hox7B, Gja1, Stc1, Amigo2 and Dkk1. Serially re-implanting tumors in mice as a model of recurrence and metastasis highlighted Sall4, c-Myc, Mmp1, Mmp9 and Dkk1 genes in maintaining an upregulated expression specifically in metastatic lesions and a 2-fold higher expression of stem cell phenotype markers (CD44+/CD24-). Overall Oct3/4 expression in tumors in lungs, brain and metastases were significantly higher than orthotopic mammary fat pad tumors. Additionally, the transcriptome was most upregulated in brain except for Gja1 and H2faJ, indicating tissue-specific regulation of this transcriptome. Conclusion: ONSS and other Oct3/4 related factors may drive the differentiation and maintenance of breast cancer stem cells and may promote their tumorigenic potential and resistance to drugs such as paclitaxel. However, there is tissue-specific heterogeneity in the differential upregulation of this transcriptome as well stemness phenotype of tumors in these tissues.
Smiling Dimples – Use of a Visual Treatment Objective for Assessment of Preference by Professionals and Laypersons
Authors: Husain Akhter , Bronkhorst Ewald , Bhat Hari Kishore , Upadya Varsha Haridas , Khan Faizan , Ongkosuwito Edwin , Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne Marie
Published: November 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Evaluation the Slope Movement and Effectiveness the Remedial Measures of Volcanic Residual Soil in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Muntohar Agus Setyo , Azhar Muhammad , Jotisankasa Apiniti , Chaiprakaikeow Susit , Chih-Chung Chung
Published: November 2022

Among influence factors of slope stability, rainfall is the most triggering factor. When rainwater flows through the slip surface, it will cause slope movement. This paper studies the slope movement in Kalibawang irrigation channel at km. 15+900, which induced failure of the irrigation channel and other surrounding structures. The slope movement was modelled as coupled stress-pore water pressure analysis using SIGMA/W. Satellite-based rainfall data of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was collected from 1 July to 30 August 2017. The numerical model was validated with the field monitoring for deformation and pore water pressure to obtain a reliable soil parameter. Several attempts have been made to obtain an acceptable of E parameter by determining the smallest root mean square error (RMSE) value of deformation and larger coefficient of relation (R2). The numerical model has been extended to evaluate the slope stability after remedial work using piles. Six rainfall scenario were applied to model. The analysis concludes that the piling works increases the slope stability under several rainfall scenarios, which is indicated by increase in factor of safety.
Longitudinal neuropsychological trajectories in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a population–based study
Authors: Lilja-Lund Otto , Maripuu Martin , Kockum Karin , Andersson Johanna , Lindam Anna , Nyberg Lars , Laurell Katarina
Published: November 2022

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive syndrome affecting gait, incontinence, and cognition in a significant number of older adults. Still, prospective studies on early development of symptoms are scarce.
Aim: To investigate how neuropsychological functions develop before and in already diagnosed iNPH over a two-year period in a population-based material.
Method: A sample of 104 participants (median [IQR] 75 [72–80] years old) from the general population underwent CT-imaging and clinical assessment at baseline and follow-up. We used the iNPH symptom scale covering four domains (Neuropsychology, Gait, Balance, Incontinence) and additional tests of executive functions. Morphological signs were rated with the iNPH Radscale. Non-parametric statistics with Bonferroni corrections and a significance-level of p <0.05 were used.
Results: Median (IQR) time to follow-up was 25 (23–26) months. Effect size (ES) for individuals who developed iNPH (n = 8) showed a large (ES r = -0.55) decline in the Gait domain and on the Radscale (ES r = -0.60), with a medium deterioration in declarative memory (ES r = -0.37). Those having iNPH at baseline (n = 12) performed worse on one executive sub-function i.e., shifting (p = 0.045).
Conclusion: Besides deterioration in gait and radiology, our results suggest that a neuropsychological trajectory for those developing iNPH includes a reduction in declarative memory. Executive dysfunction was limited to those already having iNPH at baseline. These findings could suggest that memory impairments are included in the early development of iNPH.
Prediction of Thermodynamic Properties of Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+ Electrolyte Solutions by eMIVM-ET
Authors: Zheng Shijie , Xu Chenchen , Lu Yi , Tao Dongping
Published: November 2022

In this work, the electrolyte molecular interaction volume model (eMIVM) and the optimized model (eMIVM-ET) were used to fit the activity coefficients and osmotic coefficients of 47 heavy metal single electrolyte solutions containing Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+, respectively, and the activity coefficients and osmotic coefficients of 10 heavy metal two electrolyte solutions containing Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ were predicted. The results show that the average deviation and average relative error of these two models are: the activity coefficients of eMIVM are 0.0548 and 7.22%, the osmotic coefficients are 0.0307 and 5.06%, the activity coefficients of eMIVM-ET are 0.0326 and 3.78%, and the osmotic coefficients are 0.0276and 4.73%, respectively; For the average deviation and relative error predicted by these two models, the activity coefficients of eMIVM are 0.2331 and 41.64% respectively, the osmotic coefficients are 0.2590 and 21.1% respectively, the activity coefficients of eMIVM-ET are 0.1340 and 24.88% respectively, and the osmotic coefficients are 0.1139 and 9.11% respectively. The prediction effect of eMIVM-ET is better than that of eMIVM, so eMIVM-ET can be used as an alternative thermodynamic prediction model.
Diversity and Composition Plants Species Along Elevational Gradient: Research Trends
Authors: Dani Ram Sharan , Divakar Pradeep Kumar , Baniya Chitra Bahadur
Published: November 2022

Studies on species richness pattern along elevation gradient is fascinatingly gaining consideration. We compiled data from 118 studies of elevational gradients between the years 2001- 2021 in a broad range of organisms throughout the world to estimate the designs of species richness and their determinants. The present study showed that more than half (57%) studies with unimodal hump-shaped richness pattern (maximum diversity at middle and lower at edges) followed by a monotonic decline (26%) in different taxa of plant. Nearly one-fifth studies (17.5%) followed either monotonic incline or reverse hump shaped or non-distinct patterns. Extensive studies in mountainous regions, more uniform model as a unimodal hump shape was present. In spite of latitudinal and elevation variation, both hemispheres showed similar patterns of species richness for all plant taxa. Some taxa showed bimodal and some others showed multi model patterns of elevation species richness patterns having peak diversity due to topographical and climatic factors. Upper and lower elevational ranges may provide extremities in temperature and rainfall for decreasing the species diversity. The mid domain effect may explain this species richness pattern. But this present study confirmed the presence of hump shaped species richness pattern due to extend of the midpoint elevation or elevation range considered for an individual species. Higher the midpoint value longer an elevation range that favours unimodal pattern.
Scaffold morphing and in-silico studies of potential BACE1 (β-secretase) inhibitors: A hope for newer dawn in anti-Alzheimer therapeutics
Authors: Bhatia Shiveena , Sharma Pratibha , Mujwar Somdutt , Singh Manjinder
Published: November 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the prime cause for 65–80% of the dementia cases occurs due to the plaques and tangles deposition in the brain neurons leading to brain cell degeneration. β-secretase enzyme (BACE-1) is a key enzyme responsible for the deposition of extracellular plaques made of β-amyloid protein. Therefore, efforts are being applied to develop novel BACE-1 enzyme inhibitors to halt the plaque build-up. In our study, we analyzed some Elenbecestat analogues (a β-secretase inhibitor currently in clinical trials), designed by using structure-based drug designing and scaffold morphing approach at achieve superior therapeutic profile, followed by in silico studies like molecular docking, pharmacokinetics methodologies. The designed molecules showed good interactions with the catalytic dyad motifs (Asp228 and Asp32) of β-Secretase enzyme and having drug likeliness properties. Finally, the molecular dynamic studies were performed to analyses their thermodynamic stability and dynamic behavior of ligand with the active pocket of β-secretase.
The Relationship between Spirodiclofen Resistance and Wolbachia Endosymbiont in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Bal Betül , Yorulmaz Sibel
Published: November 2022

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest that causes economic losses in many varieties of cultivated plants in the world. Wolbachia is an endosymbiont species found in many pests including mites. In pests, the mechanism underlying the interactions between insecticide resistance and endosymbiont is still not decisively understood.In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between spirodiclofen resistance in T. urticae and the presence of Wolbachia.Therefore, simultaneous selection of spirodiclofen was performed in both Wolbachia infected (GSS) and uninfected (GSSN) populations of T.urticae.Dry residue method was used to determine LC values in T. urticae. Bioassay experiments were applied to the larval stage of the mite. LC studies were established as 7 doses +1 control and 3 replications.Dead-alive counts were made at the end of the 7th day and resistance rates were determined. In the last selection of T. urticae with Wolbachia infection, 23-fold spirodiclofen resistance was determined, and in the last selection without Wolbachia infection, 103-fold resistance was determined.The presence of Wolbachia and frequency density were checked in both selection populations. The presence of Wolbachia was found to be quite low in all Wolbachia-uninfected selection populations compared to Wolbachia-infected populations.In addition, the relationship between spirodiclofen resistance and detoxification enzymes in mites was also investigated.As a result, it is thought that there may be a negative relationship between spirodiclofen resistance and Wolbachia endosymbiont in T. urticae, and that esterase enzyme may have an effect on the development of resistance within the scope of this relationship.
Femtosecond laser inscription of polarized-sensitive volume phase grating in nanoporous glass
Authors: Li Chunyu , Andreeva Olga V. , Zakoldaev Roman A.
Published: November 2022

With the growth of laser technologies in photonics, the volume phase elements fabrication in transparent material by ultrashort laser is widely attractive. Femtosecond laser writing (FLW) step was applied for the polarized-sensitive volume phase gratings (VPGs) inscription in the nanoporous silicate matrix (NPSM). The formed VPGs with thickness L = 54 ± 0.5 μm to 77 ± 0.5 μm, and shows the diffraction efficiency 8% and 14%，respectively. VPG in NPSM presents the ability to detect polarization. Different polarization angles correspond to different diffraction efficiency from 2% to 14%. Moreover, owing to the porous character of the NPSM plate, diffraction efficiency of impregnated VPG with distilled water and rhodamine 6G acetone solution were investigated. The achieved results in our experiment provides evidence to the possibility of VPG as a sensor application.
Methylated and mitochondria-targeted analogue of resveratrol with inhibition of tumor cell growth
Authors: Qi Ze-Ying , Wang Yi-Ru , Gao Chang , Chen Mei-Nuo , Li Min , Meng Ya-Li , Kang Yan-Fei , Wei Dong , Xin Zhen-Hui
Published: November 2022

The mitochondria are the energy and biosynthesis factory and the majority source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The mitochondria play a vital role in carcinogenesis, so the mitochondria targeting drugs have been the focus of new drug discovery in cancer therapy. In this study, target mitochondrial stilbene compounds A1-A6 are synthesized by introducing lipophilic cationic triphenylphosphonium into the pharmacophore. Intriguingly, the strategy significantly improved the anticancer potential of parent resveratrol. Especially A4 ((E)-Triphenyl(4-(4-(3,4 dimethylstyryl)phenoxy)butyl)phosphoniumiodide) exerted the excellent anticancer activity in HeLa cells. The mechanism study showed that A4 could effectively decrease cyclin D1/cyclin E1 level to arrest the cell cycle in G0/G1, and target the mitochondria to induce apoptosis referring the cross-talk of the decreased ATPase activity, elevated ROS and increased cytosolic Ca2+ to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Overall, this study is evidence that the target mitochondria drug discovery is an excellent strategy for exploiting the drug potential in cancer therapy.
IAMonSense: Multi-level Handwriting Classification using Spatio-temporal Information
Authors: Mustafid Ahmad , Younas Junaid , Lukowicz Paul , Ahmed Sheraz
Published: November 2022

Online handwriting classification has become an open research problem as it serves as a preliminary step for handwriting recognition systems and applications in several other fields. This paper aims to extend the current trends and knowledge with multiple contributions in handwriting classification using Spatio-temporal information. Firstly, it enriches the annotations of several publicly available online handwriting datasets, SenseThePen, IAM-onDB, IAMonDo, to be used for online handwriting classification and recognition tasks, i.e., stroke, sequence, and line level.The enriched annotations of the datasets extend their functionality for online handwriting classification at different levels for further research analysis. In addition to enrichment, it also unifies the annotation level across the datasets, which enables the research community to benchmark proposed methods for comparative analysis using multiple datasets. All the datasets with enriched annotations are made publicly available for the research community as part of the IAMonSense dataset.Moreover, this paper presents a comprehensive benchmark of these datasets using multiple deep neural networks such as traditional convolutional neural networks, graph neural networks, attention-based neural networks, and transformers. These benchmarks can be used later on for further development in the field of online handwriting classification.