bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Navigating the Leadership Challenge Inside Indian Public Relations
Authors: Patwardhan Padmini
Published: December 2015

This study examines public relations (PR) leadership in India, offering empirical insights on perceptions of leadership among Indian practitioners, important PR leadership dimensions, salience of leadership abilities and development of future PR leaders in India. To provide breadth and depth to the investigation, data was collected through an industry survey and interviews with PR leaders.

Results suggest that Indian practitioners recognize global principles and practices of effective PR leadership but also embrace Indian values. Specific leadership roles such as nurturer, seer and mentor along with practices such as ‘the personal touch’ were highlighted. Leaders stressed importance of ethics, an ‘ideal’ quality of excellence embedded in Indian leadership theory’s simple living-high thinking concept. Personal influence is seen as part of leadership practice creating strong personal rather than contractual relationships. Collaboration rather than competition in leadership style reveals focus on collectivistic problem solving accomplished through teamwork and use of networks. Human resource issues and training are identified as dominant issues for PR in India and there are limited formalized structures for entry level or leadership training in the Indian PR industry. Leadership education is currently managed through personal mentoring by current leaders who adopt ‘nurturer’ roles central to Indian models of leadership management.
The Psychological Effectiveness of Interactive Advertising
Authors: Viktorovna Antonova Natalia
Published: December 2015

The problem of psychological effectiveness of interactive advertising is discussed in the article. Psychological effectiveness of advertising is considered as a psychological attitude, which appears in the evaluation of advertising message by the consumer, and evaluation of object and source of advertising as credible, interesting, useful and satisfying the consumer’s needs. Trust and a proactive position (or personal involvement) are considered as the main criteria of psychological effectiveness of advertising. The purpose of the study was to compare the psychological effectiveness of interactive and non-interactive advertising. The hypothesis was that the psychological effectiveness of interactive advertising was higher. To test the hypotheses, an experiment was conducted. The results of the experiment showed that there were no differences in consumer’s trust to non-interactive and interactive advertising; however, it was found that interactive advertising contributes into actualization of a more active life position of the respondents, to the higher level of reflection and personal involvement in the advertising scene. We can conclude that the hypothesis about higher psychological effectiveness of interactive advertising was partially confirmed.
A new vision for Federal information technology procurements
Authors: Rung Anne , Blum Mathew
Published: December 2015

This article highlights several of the most impactful challenges that have plagued IT acquisitions over the last two decades and describes transformative initiatives that the Obama Administration's Office of Federal Procurement Policy (OFPP) announced last December to help agencies overcome long-standing obstacles and get better results for the taxpayer. The discussion looks separately at IT commodity spend and IT systems investments, as smarter IT buying requires an understanding of these differences and solutions that are targeted to change long-standing cultural and structural assumptions that have prevented real and sustained progress in the past.
No More Textbooks
Authors: Burgraff Donna L.
Published: December 2015

With college textbook prices soaring, acceptable solutions are difficult to find. After going over the controversial past of textbooks, some of the reasons for these skyrocketing costs and the impact they are having on students, professors and higher education institutions are reviewed. This article outlines a solution that is pleasing to all interested parties: students, faculty, administration, legislatures and the public in general. By eliminating traditional textbooks and replacing them with books from personal libraries, the cost goes down; the intellectual challenge for both the students and the professor rises; and productivity, as defined by completion rates, improves. This is a win/win solution with very little downside that can transform the teaching/learning process. No longer do textbooks need to be a barrier to higher education; instead, personal library books can increase the rigour and create significant learning in students. It is a simple solution to a problem that is becoming out of control in today’s college classroom.
Massification to Marketization of Higher Education
Authors: Ahmed Jashim Uddin
Published: December 2015

Massification of higher education is a contemporary phenomenon, and Bangladesh is an excellent example of massification in the sector. With increased alertness worldwide among nations, policy-makers and development bodies, massification of higher education is a requirement of time. Increasing number of youth also contribute to the phenomenon across the globe. Bangladesh, with a population of 160 million, has a good proportion of youth with the need of quality higher education. With the recent advent of Bangladesh as a lower middle income country and the increase in the per capita income of its population, the higher education sector of Bangladesh is attracting immense investments. Bangladesh Government foreseeing the eminent advancement in the country allowed the establishments of private universities in 1992 to cater to the growing higher education need of the country along with public universities. Private universities brought new dimension in the sector and underwent massive growth. All-out success of the first private university of Bangladesh attracted others to quickly enter the market and make use of the high-yield emerging market. However, most private universities have commodified their service. The focus is less on quality education, research and innovation, and philanthropic contribution to society. Business-minded people being at the forefront of the booming higher education industry, revenue and profit are first on their agenda rather than education, the main reason why they are in the sector. The article delves deep into the details of the conflicting dilemma of massification leading towards marketization (MtM) in the sector. It tries to explore the variances between industry potential, expected standard and anticipated service by the students, the ultimate recipients of higher education.
Growth of Engineering Education in India
Authors: Choudhury Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2015

This article examines the growth of engineering education in India in the post-economic reform period using the secondary data published by Ministry of Human Resource Development, University Grants Commission and All India Council for Technical Education. Particularly, this article has focused on three important dimensions of engineering and technical education in India—institutional expansion, enrolment pattern and public financing. It finds that there has been a massive expansion of both institutions and enrolment in engineering education in India during the post-liberalization period, and this expansion has apparently taken place in the private sector. Also, as expected, the enrolment in engineering education has increased fast compared to other disciplines and overall enrolment growth of higher education. However, this massive expansion of engineering education has not been able to provide access to the disadvantaged groups, namely women, scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The study also reveals that the public expenditure on engineering education has not increased at par with the increase in enrolment in this sector, which has resulted in the decline in per student public expenditure. The issues and concerns discussed in this article have brought up some promising avenues for future research in this area.
Dynamics of bacterial insertion sequences: can transposition bursts help the elements persist?
Authors: Wu Yue , Aandahl Richard Z. , Tanaka Mark M.
Published: December 2015

Background

Currently there is no satisfactory explanation for why bacterial insertion sequences (ISs) widely occur across prokaryotes despite being mostly harmful to their host genomes. Rates of horizontal gene transfer are likely to be too low to maintain ISs within a population. IS-induced beneficial mutations may be important for both prevalence of ISs and microbial adaptation to changing environments but may be too rare to sustain IS elements in the long run. Environmental stress can induce elevated rates of IS transposition activities; such episodes are known as ‘transposition bursts’. By examining how selective forces and transposition events interact to influence IS dynamics, this study asks whether transposition bursts can lead to IS persistence.

Results

We show through a simulation model that ISs are gradually eliminated from a population even if IS transpositions occasionally cause advantageous mutations. With beneficial mutations, transposition bursts create variation in IS copy numbers and improve cell fitness on average. However, these benefits are not usually sufficient to overcome the negative selection against the elements, and transposition bursts amplify the mean fitness effect which, if negative, simply accelerates the extinction of ISs. If down regulation of transposition occurs, IS extinctions are reduced while ISs still generate variation amongst bacterial genomes.

Conclusions

Transposition bursts do not help ISs persist in a bacterial population in the long run because most burst-induced mutations are deleterious and therefore not favoured by natural selection. However, bursts do create more genetic variation through which occasional advantageous mutations can help organisms adapt. Regulation of IS transposition bursts and stronger positive selection of the elements interact to slow down the burst-induced extinction of ISs.
Adaptive evolution in the toxicity of a spider’s venom enzymes
Authors: Pedroso Aurélio , Matioli Sergio Russo , Murakami Mario Tyago , Pidde-Queiroz Giselle , Tambourgi Denise V.
Published: December 2015

Background

Sphingomyelinase D is the main toxin present in the venom ofLoxoscelesspiders. Several isoforms present in these venoms can be structurally classified in two groups. Class I Sphingomyelinase D contains a single disulphide bridge and variable loop. Class II Sphingomyelinase D presents an additional intrachain disulphide bridge that links a flexible loop with a catalytic loop. These classes exhibit differences in their toxic potential. In this paper we address the distribution of the structural classes of SMase D within and among species of spiders and also their evolutionary origin by means of phylogenetic analyses. We also conducted tests to assess the action of natural selection in their evolution combined to structural modelling of the affected sites.

Results

The majority of the Class I enzymes belong to the same clade, which indicates a recent evolution from a single common ancestor. Positively selected sites are located on the catalytic interface, which contributes to a distinct surface charge distribution between the classes. Sites that may prevent the formation of an additional bridge were found in Class I enzymes.

Conclusions

The evolution of Sphingomyelinase D has been driven by natural selection toward an increase in noxiousness, and this might help explain the toxic variation between classes.
Microstructure reconstruction and structural equation modeling for computational design of nanodielectrics
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Zhao He , Hassinger Irene , Brinson L. Catherine , Schadler Linda S. , Chen Wei
Published: December 2015

Nanodielectric materials, consisting of nanoparticle-filled polymers, have the potential to become the dielectrics of the future. Although computational design approaches have been proposed for optimizing microstructure, they need to be tailored to suit the special features of nanodielectrics such as low volume fraction, local aggregation, and irregularly shaped large clusters. Furthermore, key independent structural features need to be identified as design variables. To represent the microstructure in a physically meaningful way, we implement a descriptor-based characterization and reconstruction algorithm and propose a new decomposition and reassembly strategy to improve the reconstruction accuracy for microstructures with low volume fraction and uneven distribution of aggregates. In addition, a touching cell splitting algorithm is employed to handle irregularly shaped clusters. To identify key nanodielectric material design variables, we propose a Structural Equation Modeling approach to identify significant microstructure descriptors with the least dependency. The method addresses descriptor redundancy in the existing approach and provides insight into the underlying latent factors for categorizing microstructure. Four descriptors, i.e., volume fraction, cluster size, nearest neighbor distance, and cluster roundness, are identified as important based on the microstructure correlation functions (CF) derived from images. The sufficiency of these four key descriptors is validated through confirmation of the reconstructed images and simulated material properties of the epoxy-nanosilica system. Among the four key descriptors, volume fraction and cluster size are dominant in determining the dielectric constant and dielectric loss.
Updates to Building-Code Maps for the 2015 NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions
Authors: Luco Nicolas , Bachman Robert E. , Crouse C. B. , Harris James R. , Hooper John D. , Kircher Charles A. , Caldwell Philip J. , Rukstales Kenneth S.
Published: December 2015

With the 2014 update of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) as a basis, the Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) has updated the earthquake ground motion maps in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures, with partial funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Anticipated adoption of the updated maps into the American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures and the International Building and Residential Codes is underway. Relative to the ground motions in the prior edition of each of these documents, most of the updated values are within a ±20% change. The larger changes are, in most cases, due to the USGS NSHM updates, reasons for which are given in companion publications. In some cases, the larger changes are partly due to a BSSC update of the slope of the fragility curve that is used to calculate the risk-targeted ground motions, and/or the introduction by BSSC of a quantitative definition of “active faults” used to calculate deterministic ground motions.
A remark on optimal variance stopping problems
Authors: Buonaguidi Bruno
Published: December 2015

In an optimal variance stopping problem the goal is to determine the stopping time at which the variance of a sequentially observed stochastic process is maximized. A solution method for such a problem has been recently provided by Pedersen (2011). Using the methodology developed by Pedersen and Peskir (2012), our aim is to show that the solution to the initial problem can be equivalently obtained by constraining the variance stopping problem to the expected size of the stopped process and then by maximizing the solution to the latter problem over all the admissible constraints. An application to a diffusion process used for modeling the dynamics of interest rates illustrates the proposed technique.
Editorial
Authors: Moraes Joysi
Published: December 2015

Editorial
An addendum to: “Notes on models of first-order mereological theories”
Authors: Tsai Hsing-chien
Published: December 2015

Andrzej Pietruszczak has made a comment on my Claim 1 in hispaper entitled “Classical mereology is not elementarily axiomatizable”. His paper is a wonderful exposition of mereological structures and I think his comment is fair. However, the following are some remarks inspired by his comment.
Mereology then and now
Authors: Gruszczyński Rafał , Varzi Achille C.
Published: December 2015

This paper offers a critical reconstruction of the motivations that led to the development of mereology as we know it today, along with a brief description of some questions that define current research in the field.
A MULTI-ATTRIBUTE DECISION SUPPORT MODEL FOR THE SELECTION OF TOURISTIC ACTIVITIES
Authors: Gul Sait , Topcu Ilker
Published: December 2015

People who wish to travel or participate in a touristic activity often do not have certain information about available travel destinations, group tours, and touristic events. Furthermore, they have their own personal expectations and preferences, especially regarding time and budget limitations. Therefore, they do not want to spend their limited time collecting information about travelling instead of actually travelling. Besides, the individualistic dimensions of tourism planning and marketing studies have a significant importance on national economies all over the world, particularly for nations whose tourism income is becoming a bigger share of their total national income. This study aims to develop a touristic suggestion model for tourist candidates with regards to their personal expectations and preferences about tourism. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution TOPSIS multi-attribute decision-making methods are used in this study to analyze the problem. The proposed model was built in three main phases: structuring, modeling and analyzing. The AHP method was used for prioritizing the related criteria obtained from the tourist candidates, and then TOPSIS was used for assessing global preference of alternatives. Finally, a recommendation to the decision maker is made with the most appropriate alternative.
Secrets of the RCS collections
Authors: Alberti Sam
Published: December 2015

Grab your lab coat for a behind-the-scenes glimpse into current research at the RCS.
Respect and good intention?
Authors: Sanders David
Published: December 2015

In 2016 both parties must engage constructively in junior doctor negotiations
Due to adverse Weber conditions
Authors: Uberti Micaela
Published: December 2015

A near-miss with a motorbike gave one Buenos Aires-born surgeon a fractured fibula and a crash-course in the British bedside manner.
Mr Slop gets into the Festschrift spirit
Authors: Slop
Published: December 2015

Our shy and retiring scribe basks in the reflected glory of his Editor-in-Chief’s brilliant career.
No, it can’t be more of the same
Authors: Marx Clare
Published: December 2015

New money must lead to new ways of dealing with old problems.
From Altar to App: Displaying Devotion in the Contemporary Museum
Authors: Marshall Christopher R.
Published: December 2015

Traditional museum displays of devotional objects tend to emphasize their status as decontextualized artworks. These displays customarily lack the richer experience of embodiment and the more complex affective responses that are accessible, by contrast, to those visiting historical sites with devotional artefacts in situ. Some museums have nonetheless attempted to counter these limitations by developing exhibition strategies that are more immersive and emotionally engaging. This article examines the recent trend to provide a deeper sense of devotional context, with a particular emphasis on the church of Sant’Agostino, Rome; the St Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art, Glasgow; the Museum of World Religions, Taipei; and the Victoria and Albert Museum’s redesigned Medieval and Renaissance Galleries. Through a detailed analysis, the article suggests that the most effective (and affective) form of devotional display will activate a less literalist and more lateral encounter that grants visitors the agency to enter into a more evocative ‘third space’ between the artificial environment of the museum and the artefact’s position in the real world.
O verde na cidade: reflexão inspirada na cidade de Coimbra (Portugal)
Authors: Almeida António Campar de
Published: December 2015

Os espaços verdes nas cidades são analisados, em regra, sob a perspetiva dos seus benefícios para as pessoas, segundo diversas razões. Neste trabalho procura-se olhar para os espaços verdes do lado das plantas em termos da sua sustentabilidade em espaço urbano, discutindo a boa escolha das espécies, mas também a sua correta inserção no terreno. Alerta-se, por fim, sobre o avanço de espécies invasoras e o descuido com que têm sido tratadas dentro das cidades. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_1
Contributo para o estudo da geomorfologia granítica da Cova da Beira: o alvéolo do Fundão
Authors: Cordeiro A. M. Rochette , Cunha Jorge
Published: December 2015

A alveolização granítica assume-se desde Alain Godard (1977) como o resultado de um compromisso morfogenético entre fases de alteração química em clima tropical húmido e fases de ablação em clima subtropical seco, com a sua génese a encontrar-se associada a fatores morfo-estruturais, enquanto a sua diferenciação se deve, no essencial, a fatores morfoclimáticos.A similaridade das condições de base es truturais nos diferentes sectores do Maciço Hespérico aponta para uma justificação da eficácia da meteorização química, no quadro das diferenças observadas em torno das condições climáticas passadas, levando à compreensão da distinção que ocorre entre as formas alveolares do litoral e do interior.A investigação que tem vindo a ser realizada na região da Cova da Beira, permitiu a assunção da forma alveolar do Fundão, desenhada num quartzodiorito de forte componente biotítica, provando ainda, de uma forma inequívoca a existência, também no interior do Portugal Central, de alvéolos de dimensões significativas. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_2
Turismo, saúde e bem-estar: um mar de oportunidades no Município de Sines
Authors: Brito Mónica Belchior Morais de
Published: December 2015

A atual perceção de saúde, de acordo com o conceito da OMS, constitui uma oportunidade para o desenvolvimento dos territórios, nomeadamente na perspetiva do Turismo, podendo estimular a emergência de produtos turísticos, como o Turismo de Saúde e Bem-estar, que em complementaridade com outros, contribuem para a sua reinvenção e diferenciação e, consequentemente para a sua competitividade. Por outro lado, a aposta na produtização dos recursos naturais, nomeadamente do mar, em abordagens distintas das convencionais, pode alavancar o desenvolvimento turístico sustentável dos destinos, na medida em que fomentam a diversificação da oferta e aumentam a sua atratividade. No âmbito de um estudo realizado sobre o Município de Sines, com o objetivo de definir políticas e práticas para o desenvolvimento turístico deste território, este produto turístico surge, em complementaridade com outros, como uma via de sustentabilidade, associado em particular à talassoterapia, uma prática milenar revisitada na pós-modernidade, com capacidade para alavancar uma oferta diferenciada e competitiva com caraterísticas dissuasoras da sazonalidade e potenciadoras do aumento do tempo de estada dos visitantes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_4
O reforço do turismo como setor estruturante em Évora
Authors: Simplício Maria Domingas , Camelo Nuno Sobral
Published: December 2015

Sendo inquestionável a atração turística que a cidade de Évora e, em particular, o seu centro histórico de há muito exerce, o presente estudo procura refletir sobre a forma como, ao longo dos últimos 30 anos, o setor do turismo, quer como atividade económica, quer em termos da estrutura funcional urbana, tem reforçado o seu peso, relativo e absoluto, como setor estruturante na cidade.Nesse sentido, e tendo presente, por um lado o conjunto dos elementos patrimoniais e monumentais da cidade e, por outro, a sua evolução demográfica recente, procedeu-se a uma avaliação da ocorrência e distribuição das funções urbanas mais interligadas com o setor do turismo no período entre 1985 (antes da classificação do Centro Histórico de Évora como Património Mundial) e 2014, tendo 2012 como data de referência intercalar, por marcar o evidente reflexo na situação atual dos constrangimentos económicos e financeiros. No final, procura-se evidenciar algumas perspetivas sobre o que, para a área temática em análise, se pode esperar para a sua evolução nos próximos anos. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_5
A diáspora africana numa trajetória geográfica, territorial e libertadora: da África ao Brasil: a liberdade em Redenção
Authors: Bastos Ana Paula Pinto
Published: December 2015

A análise refere-se a um estudo de uma das trajetórias geográficas das imigrações africanas que chamamos de involuntárias e está embasado em autores como Rogério Haesbaert, João Luís Fernandes, Rafael Sanzio entre outros geógrafos e historiadores que realizam estudos sobre o tema “território” e “diásporas”. Alexandre Marcussi e Gilberto Freyre através de discussões sobre pluralidade étnica e pluralidade cultural brasileira envolveram estudos na temática “território”, não apenas como definido e delimitado a partir de relações de poder, mas como resultado da ação de um grupoo social. A escravatura deixou uma memória que se inscreve na paisagem cultural brasileira polissêmica, com uma diversidade que culminou na diferença de povos, línguas, cultos religiosos, hábitos alimentares e até na musicalidade. Ou senão uma pluralidade de territórios com múltiplas paisagens geográficas. Todavia, a distribuição dos conteúdos a serem analisados está seccionada em: conceito geográfico de diáspora; territorialização da diáspora; reterritorialização e alguns aspectos da libertação em Redenção/Ceará/Brasil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_7
Fatores de controlo sobre a localização de grandes complexos de ravinas: uma análise com base em reconstrução topográfica e regressão logística
Authors: Bergonse Rafaello , Reis Eusébio
Published: December 2015

As formações sedimentares terciárias das bacias hidrográficas das ribeiras de Ulme e do Vale do Casal Velho, na margem esquerda da bacia do baixo Tejo, são afetadas por centenas de complexos de ravinas, com dimensões que variam desde pouco menos de 200 m2 até mais de 3 ha de extensão contínua. Estas formas apresentam-se com os fundos assoreados e cobertos de vegetação, evidenciando atividade apenas nas cabeceiras e paredes, na forma de movimentos de massa. No presente trabalho são investigados os fatores responsáveis pela localização destes sistemas de ravinas nas respet ivas bacias. Com base na vectorização de 90 dest as formas a partir de ortofotografias, investigou-se a influência da topografia pré-erosão, expressa na forma de 8 possíveis variáveis de controlo, com recurso a regressão logística.Os resultados indicam que a topografia antecedente terá exercido um efeito significativo na determinação dos locais de iniciação destas formas. Esta iniciação terá estado relacionada com um entalhe na rede de drenagem das bacias, originando instabilidade lateral ao longo dos canais. Em locais relativamente declivosos e propensos à acumulação de escoamento sub-superficial, esta instabilidade ter-se-á traduzido no surgimento de ravinas de desnível, percursoras dos grandes complexos de ravinas que hoje evoluem nas vertentes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_8
Portugal e o Turismo: o seu posicionamento estratégico em relação aos mercados potenciais e as perspetivas de desenvolvimento futuro
Authors: Jordan André
Published: December 2015

http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_9
Perspektivenvielfalt in der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung: Das Beispiel Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien
Authors: Luks Fred
Published: December 2015

In dem Buch Rethink Economy - Perspektivenvielfalt in der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung präsentieren Autorinnen und Autoren der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien unterschiedliche wissenschaftliche Zugänge zum Leitbild einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung. Solch eine Auseinandersetzung
ist unabdingbar, soll das Leitbild zur gelebten gesellschaftlichen Praxis werden.
Bürgerbeteiligung bei großen Infrastrukturprojekten: Erfahrungsaustausch in Westkanada
Authors: Schröter Regina , Scheel Oliver
Published: December 2015

Bei der Planung von Großprojekten sollten öffentliche Bürgerbeteiligungsverfahren möglichst frühzeitig stattfnden. Denn die Bürger(innen) möchten mitentscheiden, ob oder wie ein Projekt realisiert wird - und nicht nur Zaungäste sein. In Kanada
wird dies bereits praktiziert, wie ein Forschungsaufenthalt an der kanadischen Westküste zeigte.
Analysis of 19-inch and metric mechanical structures for electronic equipment
Authors: Yefimenko A. A. , Karlangach A. P.
Published: December 2015

The paper deals with the research and analysis of various quality indicators of the standard mechanical structures of two constructional systems in order to define and compare their characteristics, and to predict prospects for their use.
To compare these two systems we have selected parameters which make it possible to make a quantitative assessment and can be calculated on the basis of the data from standards for such mechanical structures.
Research has shown that, according to considered indicators, neither 19-inch system, nor the metric system has the absolute advantage. And only in the density ratio of contacts of output electrical connectors, the metric system has real advantages. Although, it shoul be noted, that certain measures are taken by the developers to improve the 19-inch constructional system. This may, to some extent, explain the fact that the 19-inch system is more widely used than the metric one, and continues to evolve and develop.
For other indicators, which are more difficult to be assessed quantitatively, the metric system is more preferable, because it is more convenient in unit design consisting in establishment of interrelation between the coordinating sizes and basic, multiple and mounting steps. At the same time, the 19-inch system has no rival in technical readiness of the industry and in adaptation to the previous designs. The latter is the defining factor for choosing a constructional system by developers of electronic equipment. This, in turn, does not stimulate producers of mechanical structures to extend their production range in accordance with the standards of the metric system.
On the basis of the analysis we can predict that in immediate future the 19-inch dimensional system will retain priority for the mechanical structures of electronic equipment. This project deals with the problem of determination of optimum sizes of printed circuit boards for standard mechanical structures for various electronic devices.
Investigation of bulk acoustic microwaves excited by an interdigital transducer
Authors: Reshotka O. G. , Hayduchok V. G. , Vakiv N. M.
Published: December 2015

Excitation of bulk and surface acoustic waves with the interdigital transducer (IDT), which is deposited on the surface of piezoelectric crystal, is widely used in the development of devices in acoustoelectronics and in the design of the microwave acousto-optic deflectors. Excitation of bulk acoustic waves by IDT in the devices on surface acoustic waves leads to the appearance of spurious signals. At the same time excitation of bulk acoustic waves with IDT from the surface of lithium niobate crystals allows creating high frequency acousto-optic deflectors, which makes possible to significantly simplify the technology of their production. Therefore, significant attention is paid to the task of excitation and distribution of bulk acoustic waves with IDT including recent times by the method of simulation of their excitation and distribution. The obtained theoretical results require experimental verification. This paper documents the visualization of acoustic beams excited with IDT from the XY-surface of lithium niobate crystals. The Bragg cells with LiNbO3 crystals coated with IDT with a different period of electrodes were manufactured for the experimental research of excitation and distribution of bulk acoustic waves. Visualization results have shown that the acoustic waves excited with IDT distribute in both the Fresnel zone and the Fraunhofer zone. The length of these zones is caused by individual elementary emitters of which consists the IDT (by their size). At the same time the far zone for IDT is located at distances much greater than the actual size of the LiNbO3 crystals. This peculiarity is not always taken into account when calculating diffraction. The achieved results can be used to design high-frequency acousto-optic devices, as well as in the development of devices based on surface acoustic waves.
Simulating characteristics of SI/GE tandem monolithic solar cell with SI1-XGEX buffer layer
Authors: Gnilenko A. B. , Lavrich Ju. N. , Plaksin S. V.
Published: December 2015

In spite of many efforts to propose new semiconductor materials and sophisticated constructions of solar cells, crystalline silicone remains the main photovoltaic material widely used up to now. There are various methods to enhance the efficiency of silicone solar cells. One of them is to combine silicone with an additional semiconductor material with the different bandgap to form a tandem construction. For example, the germanium sub-cell used as the bottom cascade for the silicone sub-cell in the tandem monolithic solar cell makes it possible to utilize the "red" sub-band of solar spectra increasing overall solar cell efficiency. The problem of the 4.2% mismatch in lattice constant between Si and Ge can be resolved in such a case by the use of SiGe buffer layer. In the paper the results of the computer simulation for Si/Ge tandem monolithic solar cell with Si1-xGex buffer layer are presented. In the solar cell under consideration, the step graded Si1-xGex buffer layer is located between the top silicone and the bottom germanium cascades to reduce the threading dislocation density in mismatched materials. The cascades are commutated by the use of the germanium tunnel diode between the bottom sub-cell and the buffer layer. For the solar cell modeling, the physically-based device simulator ATLAS of Silvaco TCAD software is employed to predict the electrical behavior of the semiconductor structure and to provide a deep insight into the internal physical processes. The voltage-current characteristic, photovoltaic parameters and the distribution of basic physical values are obtained for the investigated tandem solar cell. The influence of layer thicknesses on the photovoltaic parameters is studied. The calculated efficiency of the tandem solar cell reaches 13% which is a quarter more than the efficiency of a simple silicone solar cell with the same constructive parameters and under the same illumination conditions.
Use of medicinal plants by people with hypertension
Authors: Nunes Marília Gabrielle Santos , Bernardino Amanda , Martins René Duarte
Published: December 2015

Objective: to describe the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of high blood pressure for people with hypertension enrolled in the Family Health Program in a city in Pernambuco State. Methods: a descriptive study, whose data were obtained through semi-structured interview script applied to 172 patients. Results: the use of medicinal plants for hypertension control was reported by 39.5%, of which 57.4% used only one medicinal plant. Among the species cited, there was predominant use of chayote [Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.-34.8%]. Conclusion:medicinal plants constitute an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of hypertension. However, there is need for monitoring of handling and listed species.
Care during labor and birth: mothers’ perception
Authors: Rocha Francisca Alanny Araújo , Rodrigues Iellen Dantas Campos Verdes , Carvalho Isabelle Rodrigues de , Fontenele Fernanda Maria Carvalho , Sousa Rosalice Araújo de , Ferreira Júnior Antônio Rodrigues
Published: December 2015

Objective: to describe the care provided to women during labor and delivery in their perception. Methods: study with qualitative approach, developed in a hospital in the northern region of the state of Ceará, with 14 mothers. The analysis explored the content in the light of good care practices during labor and birth, recommended by the National Humanization Policy. Results: the mothers’ speeches revealed the need to make the environment more welcoming and the care more humanized during childbirth, contemplating listening to their problems and their concerns; satisfaction with the use of non-pharmacological methods used for pain relief and with the care given during labor. Conclusion: it was revealed how much human involvement and the search for a qualified assistance to mothers in maternity wards have contributed significantly to the quality of these actions.
Knowledge of nursing students on dysthanasia
Authors: Matos Mariana Costa , Rosa Darci De Oliveira Santa , Dos Anjos Karla Ferraz
Published: December 2015

Objective: to evaluate the knowledge of nursing students about the dysthanasia as a process of human intervention in terminally ill patients. Methods: a qualitative study with 28 nursing students from a public higher education institution. Data analysis of the interviews was through thematic content analysis. Results: it was found that most students do not understand the meaning of dysthanasia, though living with situations involving this practice in their training. Those who defined the term described it as the excessive prolongation of life or death suffered from much pain, aggressive treatment that only prolongs the process of dying. Conclusion: it was evidenced that nursing students have insufficient knowledge of the dysthanasia and it is necessary to broaden the discussion spaces during the graduate course and conduct studies on the subject relating it to the death and dying process, for the preparation of future health professionals.
Frequency of nursing diagnoses in a surgical clinic
Authors: Vasconcelos Andreza Cavalcanti , Castro Claudia Germania Alencar de , Silva Durcival Francisco da , Sousa Vanessa Juvino de
Published: December 2015

Objective: to identify the frequency of Nursing Diagnoses of patients in a surgical clinic. Methods: cross-sectional study, performed with 99 patients in the postoperative of general surgery. Data were collected through a questionnaire validated according to domains of NANDA International, including physical and laboratory examination. Results: 17 nursing diagnoses were found; eight had a frequency higher than 50.0% (infection risk, impaired tissue integrity, constipation risk, anxiety, bleeding risk, acute pain, delayed surgical recovery, dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility). It was observed in all patients the Nursing Diagnostics: risk of infection, impaired tissue integrity and risk of constipation. Conclusion: the frequency of the most prevalent diagnosis is inserted in the domains safety/protection and nutrition, which determines the need to redirect nursing care, prioritizing the patient's clinic.
Maternal assessment of pain in premature infants
Authors: Santos Maria Carolina Correia dos , Gomes Maria Fernanda Pereira , Capellini Verusca Kelly , Carvalho Valéria Cristina Dos Santos
Published: December 2015

Objective: to identify mothers' perceptions about the pain in their premature babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Methods: evaluative, quantitative study with investigative nature conducted with 19 mothers of hospitalized premature newborns. Data were obtained from closed questions, answered by mothers. Results: from the participants, two (10.5%) reported that newborns are unable to feel pain. From the 17 mothers who said that premature babies can feel pain, the majority (94.1%) identified crying as a characteristic of pain sensation. Eleven (64.7%) stated that uneasiness is a sign of pain in newborns. Conclusion: for the proper management of neonatal pain it is essential that mothers know the signs of pain in premature newborns, and that health professionals instruct this recognition, through the enhancement of the maternal presence and practice of effective communication between professionals and newborns’ families.
Health education for early detection of breast cancer in blind women
Authors: França Inacia Sátiro Xavier de , Sousa Francisco Stélio de , Silva Arthur Felipe Rodrigues , Aragão Jamilly da Silva , Oliveira Cibely Freire de , Baptista Rosilene Santos
Published: December 2015

Objective: to assess the knowledge of blind women about the risk factors for breast cancer and whether they look for early detection of this cancer. Methods: a quasi-experimental study with 72 blind women distributed in focus groups. Data were collected through interviews. Results: few participants had knowledge about one or more risk factors for breast cancer, but most practiced early detection. Health education was developed using breast kits and demonstration of breast self-examination. It was obtained qualitative improvement of knowledge of the participants about breast cancer, its risk factors and early detection practices. In addition, participants demonstrated breast self-examination confidently. Conclusion:we need to develop in a harder manner educational activities to clarify about breast cancer risk factors and the importance of periodically carrying out breast self-examination, clinical examination and mammography.
Sociodemographic profile and hospitalization process of elderly assisted at a emergency hospital
Authors: Coutinho Maria Luciene Nobre , Samúdio Margarita Acevedo , Andrade Luciene Miranda de , Coutinho Rainério Nobre , Silva Denise Maia Alves da
Published: December 2015

Objectives: to investigate the sociodemographic profile and the process of hospitalization of elderly assisted in an emergency hospital. Methods: descriptive epidemiological study conducted at an emergency hospital with 300 elderly patients using a form with hospitalization process and sociodemographic variables. Results: there was a predominance of females (56.0%), between 80 and 89 years old (45.4%), illiterate or with elementary education (86.7%), married or living in stable union (42.6%), with non-communicable chronic disease (54.7%) and regular use of medications. The main reason for hospitalization was fall (54.7%) at home and in the morning hours (42.4%), with admission in the afternoon, transported by ambulance. Conclusion: the findings contribute to the development of strategies directed to assist and care of the healthy elderly and in vulnerable situations.
The Mouse Universal Genotyping Array: From Substrains to Subspecies
Authors: Morgan Andrew P , Fu Chen-Ping , Kao Chia-Yu , Welsh Catherine E , Didion John P , Yadgary Liran , Hyacinth Leeanna , Ferris Martin T , Bell Timothy A , Miller Darla R , Giusti-Rodriguez Paola , Nonneman Randal J , Cook Kevin D , Whitmire Jason K , Gralinski Lisa E , Keller Mark , Attie Alan D , Churchill Gary A , Petkov Petko , Sullivan Patrick F , Brennan Jennifer R , McMillan Leonard , Pardo-Manuel de Villena Fernando
Published: December 2015

Genotyping microarrays are an important resource for genetic mapping, population genetics, and monitoring of the genetic integrity of laboratory stocks. We have developed the third generation of the Mouse Universal Genotyping Array (MUGA) series, GigaMUGA, a 143,259-probe Illumina Infinium II array for the house mouse (Mus musculus). The bulk of the content of GigaMUGA is optimized for genetic mapping in the Collaborative Cross and Diversity Outbred populations, and for substrain-level identification of laboratory mice. In addition to 141,090 single nucleotide polymorphism probes, GigaMUGA contains 2006 probes for copy number concentrated in structurally polymorphic regions of the mouse genome. The performance of the array is characterized in a set of 500 high-quality reference samples spanning laboratory inbred strains, recombinant inbred lines, outbred stocks, and wild-caught mice. GigaMUGA is highly informative across a wide range of genetically diverse samples, from laboratory substrains to other Mus species. In addition to describing the content and performance of the array, we provide detailed probe-level annotation and recommendations for quality control.
argyle: An R Package for Analysis of Illumina Genotyping Arrays
Authors: Morgan Andrew P
Published: December 2015

Genotyping microarrays are an important and widely-used tool in genetics. I present argyle, an R package for analysis of genotyping array data tailored to Illumina arrays. The goal of the argyle package is to provide simple, expressive tools for nonexpert users to perform quality checks and exploratory analyses of genotyping data. To these ends, the package consists of a suite of quality-control functions, normalization procedures, and utilities for visually and statistically summarizing such data. Format-conversion tools allow interoperability with popular software packages for analysis of genetic data including PLINK, R/qtl and DOQTL. Detailed vignettes demonstrating common use cases are included as supporting information. argyle bridges the gap between the low-level tasks of quality control and high-level tasks of genetic analysis. It is freely available at https://github.com/andrewparkermorgan/argyle and has been submitted to Bioconductor.
An Amphiphysin-Like Domain in Fus2p Is Required for Rvs161p Interaction and Cortical Localization
Authors: Stein Richard A , Smith Jean A , Rose Mark D
Published: December 2015

Cell–cell fusion fulfils essential roles in fertilization, development and tissue repair. In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fusion between two haploid cells of opposite mating type generates the diploid zygote. Fus2p is a pheromone-induced protein that regulates cell wall removal during mating. Fus2p shuttles from the nucleus to localize at the shmoo tip, bound to Rvs161p, an amphiphysin. However, Rvs161p independently binds a second amphiphysin, Rvs167p, playing an essential role in endocytosis. To understand the basis of the Fus2p–Rvs161p interaction, we analyzed Fus2p structural domains. A previously described N-terminal domain (NTD) is necessary and sufficient to regulate nuclear/cytoplasmic trafficking of Fus2p. The Dbl homology domain (DBH) binds GTP-bound Cdc42p; binding is required for cell fusion, but not localization. We identified an approximately 200 amino acid region of Fus2p that is both necessary and sufficient for Rvs161p binding. The Rvs161p binding domain (RBD) contains three predicted alpha-helices; structural modeling suggests that the RBD adopts an amphiphysin-like structure. The RBD contains a 13-amino-acid region, conserved with Rvs161p and other amphiphysins, which is essential for binding. Mutations in the RBD, predicted to affect membrane binding, abolish cell fusion without affecting Rvs161p binding. We propose that Fus2p/Rvs161p form a novel heterodimeric amphiphysin required for cell fusion. Rvs161p binding is required but not sufficient for Fus2p localization. Mutations in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Fus2p block localization, but not Rvs161p binding, causing a significant defect in cell fusion. We conclude that the Fus2p CTD mediates an additional, Rvs161p-independent interaction at the shmoo tip.