bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Impact of New Investments on Flood Hazard-Study Case: The Bridge on the Warta River near Wronki
Authors: Dysarz Tomasz , Wicher-Dysarz Joanna , Sojka Mariusz
Published: October 2015

The main concern of the study was the evaluation of the impact of new investment in road infrastructure on the flood hazard. The flood hazard is considered here on the basis of maps according to requirements of EU Flood Directive. The analyses presented were made for the Warta river, near the town of Wronki. The procedure included data collection and processing, model configuration, hydraulic simulation, generation of water surface profiles, and flood hazard maps. The ArcGIS tools, as well as HEC-RAS package, were used in this research. The model recalibration described in the paper provided excellent results according to independent criteria. Hence, the results obtained may be considered as valid. Finally the results reconstructing the conditions with and without the bridge are compared. The assessed impact of the bridge seems to be moderate, but the procedure proposed in the presented paper may be of wider application. In view of the EU Flood Directive and plans for investments in road infrastructure, the methodology presented seems very attractive.
Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Flow in a River Valley Basin in Jilin Urban Area, China
Authors: Qiu Shuwei , Liang Xiujuan , Xiao Changlai , Huang He , Fang Zhang , Lv Fengchao
Published: October 2015

In order to evaluate the groundwater resources and aquifer system of the Jilin urban area (JUA), a groundwater numerical flow model was established by using the groundwater modeling system based on data from 190 boreholes. River stages were interpolated to control the groundwater flow field. The input parameters such as hydraulic conductivity and specific yield were based on data from 260 pumping test data. The model was calibrated by trial and error, simulated results were compared to the observed head and contour maps, which were generally in good agreement, and the root mean squared error was 0.66 m. Sensitivity analysis was carried out and recharge proved to be the most sensitive factor in this model. The water budget showed that the input was 2.07× 108 m3/a, which was smaller than the output of 2.21 × 108 m3/a. A groundwater level decline and cone of depression exist in the Songhua and Aolong river valley. The JUA aquifer systems can be well and efficiently modeled by constructing a numerical model. Based on the supply and demand analysis of water resources, the established model would finally provide a scientific basis to use the groundwater resources sustainably in JUA.
La religion populaire dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Cloet Michel
Published: October 2015

Het volksgeloof in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden in de XVIIe eeuw.

De decreten van het concilie van Trente werden in de XVIe eeuw in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden weliswaar offïciëel afgekondigd, maar de opstand tegen Filips II belette een daadwerkelijke toepassing. Men moest in het begin van de XVIIe eeuw dus opnieuw beginnen. De toestand veranderde tijdens het bewind van de aartshertogen Albert en Isabella (1598- 1621). Het Twaalfjarig bestand gaf Mathias Hovius, aartsbisschop van Mechelen, de gelegenheid een provinciaal concilie samen te roepen, en wat later konden aile bisschoppen een diocesane synode houden. In elk diocees werd een seminarie opgericht. Zo kon de geestelijke verovering van de zielen echt beginnen. Het was het werk van overtuigde, enthoesiaste en enthoesiasmerende bisschoppen. Het opvallend gebrek aan séculière priesters van het begin van de eeuw was in de jaren dertig weggewerkt. Tegelijkertijd verbeterde de kwaliteit van de priesters. Id het begin stonden de parochies wat aarzelend om weldra deze nieuwe pastoors steeds trouwer te volgen : de Zuidelijke Nederlanden werden een katholiek bastion aan de grens tussen het catholicisme en het protestantisme. Maar dit resultaat werd niet zonder dwang en onverdraagzaamheid bereikt.
Les Hongrois dans l'histoire du nord de la France
Authors: Lazar André
Published: October 2015

Hungarians in the history of northern France.

The study, the first one ever to deal with that question, outlines the relations existing between the north of France and the Hungarians from the end of the Middle Ages to the Liberation. The authors recalls the military campaigns led by Hungarian generals who had fled Hungary and excelled in the Nord ; be then points out the city of Douai at the end of the XVIIIth century where two Magyar-born field officers played an important role. He tells of the activity, partly related with Douai, of the Demeny brothers in the world of letters and cinema. He finally analyses mass movements in the fields of social work and during the last war and resistance period.
Découverte d'un bas-relief inédit au musée de Bavay : le rajeunissement du bélier par Médée
Authors: Vanbrugghe Nathalie
Published: October 2015

Une étude en cours du matériel lapidaire conservé dans les réserves du musée de Bavay (Nord) a permis de reconstituer un bas-relief illustrant un épisode du mythe des Péliades : le rajeunissement du bélier de Médée.

L'étude iconographique montre que le sujet, rarement attesté à l'époque romaine est cependant reproduit à Bavay selon un schéma très classique. La composition présente en effet des analogies remarquables avec celle qui a été adoptée sur les vases grecs des époques archaïque et classique. Cette découverte atteste donc la diffusion en Gaule du nord d'un thème hellénique apparemment peu fréquent dans le reste du monde romain.
Les fouilles de la rue Baudimont à Arras en 1985
Authors: Jacques Alain , Tuffreau-Libre Marie , Belot Eric
Published: October 2015

1) omstandigheden van de interventie : aan de basis van het opstellen van een opgravings- programma voor deze wijk, het centrum van de antieke stad, ligt een project voor stads- vernieuwing van een belangrijk deel van het huidige Arras.

Het onderzoeksterrein dat nooit bebouwd werd biedt een laatste mogelijkheid de gallo- romeinse agglomeratie te observeren.

2) Problemen van het onderzoek : de totale oppervlakte van de betrokken percelen bedraagt ongeveer 2,5 ha. De helft kan uitvoerig onderzocht worden.

Het begin van de opgravingen zal nieuwe gegevens opleveren over de oorsprong van de stad, en zal zo onze kennis verdiepen van het verloop van de urbanisatie en de graad van romanisatie van de steden in Belgisch Gallië.

De resultaten van de kampagnes van 1984 en 1985 zijn veelbelovend. Men ontdekte immers al een deel van de ringmuur uit het late keizerrijk, en een gebouw dat met kwali- teitswandschilderingen versierd was.

Men heeft verder allerlei gebruiksvoorwerpen gevonden : keramiek, munten, glaswerk enz.

Het werk op de werf kan op een redelijke termijn gepland worden dank zij het begrip van de betrokken partijen : de projectontwikkelaars en de stad.

Het zal dus mogelijk zijn de nieuwe gegevens in de beste omstandigheden te registreren en te behandelen, wat zeker zal bijdragen tot het sukses van deze onderneming.
Les fouilles de la collégiale Saint-Pierre de Lille. Le site. Les fouilles de 1985
Authors: Blieck Gilles
Published: October 2015

Première partie de la publication complète des recherches de 1985, menées en préalable au projet d'extension du Conservatoire de Musique sur la chapelle Notre-Dame de la Treille et une partie de la chapelle paroissiale contiguë. Une occupation du haut Moyen Age a été reconnue, pour la première fois à Lille, sous la forme d'un bâtiment excavé divisé en deux pièces dont l'une comprenait un four daté des VIIIe-IXe siècles par deux céramiques écrasées.

Formant en plan à l'origine la dernière travée d'un croisillon de transept en comprenant trois, la chapelle Notre-Dame de la Treille, qui connaît ultérieurement des modifications, est achevée dans le même temps que la chapelle paroissiale augmentée à quatre reprises. Des inhumations en cercueil ont été reconnues dans ces deux lieux de culte, et des caveaux funéraires individuels et collectifs plus particulièrement dans le premier cité.
Vie de saint Géry écrite par un clerc de la basilique de Cambrai entre 650 et 700
Authors: Rouche Michel
Published: October 2015

La vie de saint Géry, document mérovingien de grande qualité, est un exemple remarquable d'un évêque d'origine romaine non noble, véritable fondateur d'un nouvel évêché, Cambrai, où pendant trente-neuf ans (584/590-623/626) il évangélise les païens, libère les prisonniers de toute espèce et fonde un sanctuaire hors de la ville à l'emplacement d'un ancien temple païen. A sa mort il y est enterré. La basilique prend son nom et devint ensuite le sanctuaire protecteur de la ville.
Réflexions méthodologiques sur l'archéologie paléochrétienne
Authors: Colardelle Michel
Published: October 2015

Paleochristian archeology must set up a detailed critical methodology to appraise firstly the chronological development of christianization, of the episcopal group, the rural and suburban churches, the churchyards and ways of burial, then the progressive disuse of pagan customs and finally the appearance of rural parishes. The use of such a system will induce great improvements in paleochristian archeology.
Saint-Amand et la fondation de l'abbaye de Nivelles
Authors: Dierkens Alain
Published: October 2015

In deze korte bijdrage probeert de auteur de datum en de omstandigheden van de stichting — op aanraden van Sint Amand — van de beroemde Pepijnse abdij te Nijvel nader te bepalen. Na een nieuw bronnenonderzoek i.v.m. het episcopaat van Amand in het diocees Maastricht (Luik) stelt hij daarvoor de data einde 648 — einde 651 voor. Zoals uit de teksten over Nijvel blijkt is 646/647 de terminus post quem voor de stichting van de abdij, die overigens in verschillende etappes verliep. De data dragen bij tot een beter begrip van de eerste période van de abdijen te Stavelot en te Fosses.
Les fouilles sur le Mont des Bœufs à Cambrai, 1982, 1983, 1984. Etat de la question
Authors: Florin Bernard
Published: October 2015

la colline du Mont des bœufs occupé par l'ancienne basilique Saint-Géry ont permis de retrouver des structures du VIIe siècle, des murs carolingiens, et des vestiges d'église de la fin du haut Moyen Age en particulier l'abside et le porche, sans oublier un ossuaire et une statue polychrome du XIVe siècle. Pour le moment données archéologiques et renseignements historiques ne coïncident pas exactement.
Les Vies de saint Fursy : les sources irlandaises
Authors: O Riain Pâdraig
Published: October 2015

Ici j'examine l'élément narratif irlandais des vies de Fursy pour leur donner un contexte. Les traces onomastiques de la Vita Prima, qui a été composée c. 655, signalent la région du sud-est de l'Ulster, où elles font partie d'un groupe d'églises rattachées au culte non seulement de Fursy mais aussi de S. Patrice. Il semble qu'on devrait ajouter la Vita Prima de Fursy à la liste des rapports entre Péronne et le culte de S. Patrice.

Avec la Vita Secunda, qui a été datée à c. 1 100, nous avons à faire avec une œuvre fort différente. L'arrière-plan est le Connacht de l'Ouest et, utilisant des matériaux d'ordre généalogique, l'auteur revendique pour la dynastie ecclésiastique d'Ui Dhubhthaigh (O'Duffys), qui occupait le siège épiscopal de Cong, les propriétés qui dépendaient de l'église de S. Brendan à Annaghdown, comté de Galway, y compris celles de l'église de Fursy à Killursy.
Erémitisme et évangélisation : recherche sur l'influence de la vie d'Abraham de Quiduna dans les courants érémitiques de la Gaule du Nord
Authors: Heuclin Jean
Published: October 2015

La vie d'Abraham de Quiduna rédigée au VIe siècle, dans sa forme latine en même temps qu'elle l'était en grec et en syniaque fut découverte par Dom Wilmart en 1938 dans des feuillets en semi-onciales du VIIe siècle appartenant à l'abbaye de Corbie. Ce document fut diffusé dans la Gaule du Nord, dans des abbayes fondées ou en relation avec des ermites. Entre le manuscrit du VIIe siècle et les autres du XIe siècle l'écart est important, et la forme originelle céda la place à une forme révisée. Néanmoins les leçons de la vie d'Abraham furent reprises à travers les vitae des saints ermites. Deux thèmes ressortent : la fuite et 1 'évangélisation. Seule une démarche tendant vers l'humilité complète permet de redécouvrir l'Amour du prochain et favoriser un processus d'Evangélisation extérieure et de conversion interne.

Les leçons de la Vita Mariae Meretricis , nièce présumée d'Abraham ne font que compléter le discours initial. On observe cependant que cette partie du manuscrit fut surtout connue dans les monastères de moniales à partir du XIe siècle, époque à partir de laquelle l'Eglise renforça sa méfiance à l'égard des solitaires.
La conversion en profondeur : un processus sans fin
Authors: Milis Ludo
Published: October 2015

La conversion géographique s'est terminée dans nos régions au plus tard au huitième siècle. Il faut pourtant des siècles avant que par la destruction, la substitution ou l'inculturation, les rites et les croyances païennes soient rejetées au niveau de la superstition. Entretemps une vie et une morale chrétiennes (par exemple la morale sexuelle) s'installent. L'Eglise se sert d'un système perfectionné de communication, de contrôle et de stimulation pour réaliser les idéaux, déduits de la doctrine théologique. La clef de voûte du système d'imposition d'une morale était la confession.
A-t-on conservé l'épitaphe de saint Servais de Tongres ?
Authors: Gauthier Nancy
Published: October 2015

L'évêque Servatius de Tongres est connu pour avoir défendu les positions nicéennes contre Parianisme au cours des années 343-360. A la fin du VIe siècle, Grégoire de Tours fait état de miracles survenus sur sa tome, située à Maestricht. L'importance croissante du culte de saint Servais suscita par la suite plusieurs Vies, dont l'une (BHL 7613), déjà considérée comme ancienne en 980, contient un passage constitué de lambeaux métriques manifestement empruntés à une épitaphe en vers qu'on peut restituer avec une approximation suffisante. Des rapprochements textuels permettent de mettre la composition de ce carmen en liaison avec la construction d'une basilique, sans doute au VIe siècle, par l'évêque Monulfus. Malheureusement, composée deux siècles après la mort de Servatius, l'inscription utilisée par la Vita n'ajoute rien à notre connaissance de ce personnage.
Le thème de la conversion à travers les œuvres hagiographiques d'Hucbald de Saint-Amand
Authors: Platelle Henri
Published: October 2015

A travers l'œuvre hagiographique d'Hucbald de Saint-Amand (six biographies dans l'état actuel de la recherche) court le thème de la conversion : celle du saint tout d'abord, puis celle des peuples infidèles touchés par son action. D'un bout à l'autre de ce chemin c'est la grâce de Dieu qui commande puisque le saint a été prédestiné de toute éternité et que de même a été prévu le moment où un peuple entier passerait à la vraie foi. Mais cette prédestination n'est pas un automatisme, car le saint doit accueillir la Sagesse. L'itinéraire s'achève par l'entrée au ciel, souvent exprimée à l'aide de l'image de la double tunique. Toutes ces étapes spirituelles sont présentées à travers de beaux textes, habituellement et bien à tort négligés par la critique.
Contribution of Different Antiretroviral Regimens Containing Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Ritonavir-Boosted Lopinavir on HIV Viral Load Reduction during Pregnancy
Authors: Sripan Patumrat , Le Coeur Sophie , Ingsrisawang Lily , Cressey Tim R , Bouazza Naïm , Foissac Frantz , Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole , Traisathit Patrinee , Srirompotong Ussanee , Ayudhaya Orada Patamasingh Na , Puangsombat Achara , Jungpipun Jantana , Jittayanun Kanokwan , Tréluyer Jean-Marc , Jourdain Gonzague , Lallemant Marc , Urien Saïk
Published: October 2015

Background

Antiretroviral (ARV) regimens used for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV have evolved over time. We evaluated the contribution of different ARV regimens on the reduction of the plasma HIV RNA viral load (VL) during pregnancy.

Methods

A total of 1,833 VL measurements from ARV-naive pregnant women participating in perinatal prevention trials in Thailand were included. Women received either zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy, ZDV plus lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), or ZDV plus lamivudine (3TC) plus LPV/r. VL time-course during pregnancy was described as a function of pretreatment VL and treatment duration using an Emax non-linear mixed-effect model. VL reduction and median time to achieve a VL≤50 copies/ml were estimated for each regimen.

Results

Among 745 women, 279 (37%), 145 (20%) and 321 (43%) received ZDV monotherapy, ZDV+LPV/r and ZDV+3TC+LPV/r, respectively. The predicted VL reduction from baseline to delivery after a median of 10 weeks of treatment were 0.5, 2.7 and 2.9 log10 copies/ml with ZDV monotherapy, ZDV+LPV/r and ZDV+3TC+LPV/r, respectively. At delivery, 1%, 57% and 63% of women receiving ZDV monotherapy, ZDV+LPV/r or ZDV+3TC+LPV/r had a VL≤50 copies/ml. The addition of 3TC to ZDV+LPV/r reduced the time to achieve a VL≤50 copies/ml and the higher the pretreatment VL, the larger the effect 3TC had on reducing the time to VL≤50 copies/ml.

Conclusions

The addition of 3TC to ZDV+LPV/r was associated with a slight further VL reduction but the time to reach a VL≤50 copies/ml was shorter. This beneficial effect of 3TC is crucial for prevention of mother-to-child transmission in women who receive ARVs late and with high pretreatment VL.
Monnaie et mondialisation : les leçons de l’histoire
Authors: James Harold
Published: October 2015

Cet article analyse le rôle de la monnaie dans le cadre de mutations géopolitiques et s’intéresse plus particulièrement à la « tentation de Thucydide », selon laquelle un État fort dont la puissance est perçue comme déclinante pourrait être tenté d’utiliser sa puissance financière pour attaquer un rival plus faible mais en pleine expansion. L’article examine successivement le recours au seigneuriage, les avantages pour l’emprunt public, la création d’actifs financiers (un outil qui n’est plus exclusivement – ni même principalement – entre les mains des États), le rôle de la manipulation monétaire pour promouvoir les exportations et enfin le lien direct entre monnaie et sécurité. En prenant pour exemple les événements du début du xx e siècle, l’article met en évidence deux stratégies différentes pour les puissances potentielles ou émergentes, à savoir la stratégie la plus coûteuse et la plus néfaste qui aboutirait à la création d’un monde financier totalement nouveau ou l’option de renforcement du système actuel avec la mise en place d’un ordre financier complémentaire. Classification JEL : E58, F31, F32, N20.
La politique de change chinoise et la place du renminbi dans le système monétaire international
Authors: Coudert Virginie , Lez Pauline
Published: October 2015

Le régime de change chinois a beaucoup fluctué depuis l’abandon de la fixité par rapport au dollar en juillet 2005. Théoriquement, il s’agit toujours d’une « appréciation rampante » par rapport à un panier de monnaies dont la composition précise n’est pas révélée. Nous estimons ici la composition de ce panier selon les périodes et montrons que les phases de forte appréciation ont été caractérisées par un poids décroissant du dollar dans le panier. Le régime d’appréciation rampante était destiné à répondre aux partenaires commerciaux qui considéraient le renminbi sous-évalué et se plaignaient d’une distorsion de concurrence. Après dix années de ce régime, la sous-évaluation initiale a été entièrement résorbée. La banque centrale chinoise maintient toujours un étroit contrôle sur le cours de change, quoique la volatilité tolérée ait augmenté. Après avoir longtemps lutté contre les pressions haussières en accumulant d’énormes réserves en dollars, la banque centrale doit désormais faire face à des pressions baissières et des fuites de capitaux, qui l’obligent à vendre ses réserves pour soutenir les cours. Parallèlement, les contrôles de capitaux ont été assouplis de façon à permettre une plus grande utilisation du renminbi par les non-résidents, particulièrement en ce qui concerne le règlement du commerce international. Les autorités chinoises souhaiteraient en effet bénéficier d’une monnaie internationale, tout en contrôlant chaque étape de l’ouverture des frontières financières. L’entrée du renminbi dans le panier de monnaies des droits de tirage spéciaux (DTS) du Fonds monétaire international (FMI), en discussion depuis de nombreuses années, couronnerait ce processus. Classification JEL : E58, F31, F33, G15, O19, P34.
Pourquoi la réussite de la politique d’assouplissement quantitatif de la Banque du Japon ne bénéficie-t-elle pas davantage à l’économie japonaise ?
Authors: Cieniewski Stéphane
Published: October 2015

Deux ans après le lancement par la Banque du Japon d’un assouplissement monétaire sans précédent par son ampleur et son ambition, le bilan est en demi-teinte. L’effet de stimulation sur la sphère monétaire et financière a dépassé toutes les prévisions : baisse des taux d’intérêt réels d’environ 90 pb, dépréciation du taux de change effectif réel de 30 %, hausse de l’indice Nikkei de 130 % depuis novembre 2012. La sortie de déflation a été franche dès 2013 et a permis de relever les anticipations de long terme de 1 % à 1,5 % environ. Du côté de l’économie réelle, l’impact sur la demande privée est bien plus modeste en dépit d’un retour au plein-emploi. En particulier, la tiédeur de la réponse des exportations à la chute du yen constitue une vraie surprise, qui, contrairement à la modération de l’investissement des entreprises ou de la consommation des ménages, ne peut s’expliquer simplement par la persistance de « l’esprit déflationniste ». Ce contraste pose la question de la mise en œuvre de l’intégralité des Abenomics (c’est-à-dire de chacune des « trois flèches ») mais aussi, plus fondamentalement, de la pertinence de l’accent presque exclusif porté à la gestion des anticipations d’inflation. Classification JEL : E58, F13, F31.
Internationaliser la monnaie tout en s’endettant massivement : le cas de la Chine
Authors: Garcia Herrero Alicia
Published: October 2015

Cet article examine les mesures prises par la Chine en faveur d’une réforme financière, en portant une attention toute particulière à la libéralisation du compte de capital et à l’internationalisation de l’utilisation du renminbi (RMB). Après le ralentissement du rythme des réformes observé lors de la crise financière mondiale, on assiste à un renouveau manifeste des efforts de réforme, notamment en ce qui concerne l’internationalisation du RMB. Toutefois, au cours de la même période, la dette de la Chine a doublé pour atteindre des niveaux nettement supérieurs à ceux de la plupart des marchés émergents. Cela accroît évidemment les risques liés à la réforme financière et, en particulier, à la libéralisation du compte de capital. Pourtant, à ce stade, la Chine n’a d’autre choix que de poursuivre cette réforme dans la mesure où elle lui permettra de procéder à une allocation plus efficace de son épargne, et ce, en dépit du coût de l’acceptation d’un taux d’intérêt d’équilibre plus élevé, surtout pour les emprunteurs. Classification JEL : E58, F31, F32, G15, G18, P34.
Déséquilibres globaux et crise globale : quel partage des risques avec des assureurs en dernier ressort ?
Authors: Boucher Christophe , Lubochinsky Catherine
Published: October 2015

L’intégration financière mondiale devait, en théorie, offrir l’opportunité d’une diversification des portefeuilles, celle d’un partage des risques internationaux et donc d’une plus grande efficience de l’allocation du capital à travers le monde. Cette intégration financière a, dans les faits, facilité l’accumulation de déséquilibres globaux qui, depuis la crise globale de 2007-2008, se sont corrigés en flux mais se sont accrus en stock. Ces déséquilibres de la richesse nette extérieure révèlent un système financier asymétrique et une nouvelle forme de partage des risques où certains pays jouent le rôle d’assureur en dernier ressort. Classification JEL : F32, G01, G15.
Hôtel Paris Opéra, entre chagrin et mépris
Authors: Lévy-Vroelant Claire
Published: October 2015

À l’été 2005, à Paris, 52 personnes trouvent la mort dans des incendies, des migrantes originaires d’Afrique de l’ouest pour la plupart. Point commun de toutes ces morts, elles touchent des personnes qui, faute d’être régularisées ou d’avoir le droit de travailler, sont contraintes de se rabattre sur les plus mauvais logements dont certains, paradoxalement, relèvent de l’hébergement social. C’est le cas de l’hôtel Paris Opéra, utilisé par le Samu social, où se déclare l’incendie le plus meurtrier.
An Analysis of Engineering Educational Standards and Outcomes Achieved by a Robotics Summer Camp Experience
Authors: Campbell Benjamin Reed , Voelker J. J. , Kremer C. S.
Published: October 2015

Summer camps can be an effect method of encouraging children and teenagers to learn about career options and grow interest in careers for which there is a national shortage of young professionals, such as engineering. These camps can offer opportunities beyond what a normal school can offer, and achieve specific educational goals that would be difficult to realize in a traditional classroom setting. A robotics summer camp curriculum was developed in accordance with the age specific standards from the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) and the National Science Education Standards (NSES). To link this to the engineering skills that are developed in college, the resultant student experience was evaluated in the context of the engineering outcomes for a four year engineering degree defined by the Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology (ABET). The robotics summer camp was evaluated for its effectiveness building a foundation and supporting the skills that a student should develop in a college engineering program. Pre and post tests were given and scored with a standard rubric. The questions were mapped to the specific ABET outcomes which best align with the goals of the summer camp. The test scores will show the degree of improvement in various areas of engineering and problem solving. The resulting data shows the strengths of the summer camp and identify areas that can be targeted for improvement, to make a larger impact on the attendees.
Object-Oriented Programming for non-IT Students: Starting from Scratch
Authors: Mironova Olga , Amitan Irina , Vendelin Jelena , Vilipõld Jüri , Saar Merike
Published: October 2015

The present paper demonstrates a teaching approach in general programming course for the first year non-IT students at Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia. The authors suggest some ways for achieving better results in programming issues that are usually complicated for the beginners.
CrowdLearn: Crowd-sourcing the Creation of Highly-structured E-Learning Content
Authors: Tarasowa Darya , Khalili Ali , Auer Soeren
Published: October 2015

While nowadays there is a plethora of Learning Content Management Systems, the collaborative, community-based creation of rich e-learning content is still not sufficiently well supported. Few attempts have been made to apply crowd-sourcing and wiki-approaches for the creation of e-learning content. However, the paradigm is only applied to unstructured, textual content and cannot be used in SCORM-compliant systems. To address this issue we developed the CrowdLearn concept to exploit the wisdom, creativity and productivity of the crowd for the creation of rich, deep-semantically structured e-learning content. The CrowdLearn concept combines the wiki style for collaborative content authoring with SCORM requirements for re-usability. Therefore, it enables splitting the learning material into Learning Objects (LOs) with an adjustable level of granularity. In order to realize the CrowdLearn concept, a novel data model called WikiApp is devised. The WikiApp data model is a refinement of the traditional entity-relationship data model with further emphasis on collaborative social activities and structured content authoring. We implement and evaluate the CrowdLearn approach with SlideWiki – an educational platform dealing with presentations and assessment tests. The article also comprises results of a usability evaluation with real students.
Business Management and New Technologies to Improve the Services
Authors: Granata Giuseppe
Published: October 2015

Governments around the world have come to recognize the potential of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT's) to reshape the ways in which they interact with citizens, businesses and other key stakeholders, hence the current move towards e-Government. A major goal of e-Government initiatives is to improve the quality of public service delivery through providing individuals and organizations with a coherent interface with government that has to be organized around their needs rather than the structure of government bodies. To that end, many governments have begun applying to their e-Government strategies the commercial concept commonly referred to as “Customer Relationship Management” (CRM), thus generating a new field of knowledge and related applications. This chapter discusses some of the key issues to implementing CRM in e-Government. It lays particular stress on the CRM capabilities of identifying and differentiating users, promoting take-up of e-Government and measuring the progress against its stated objectives. The conceptual framework will also be related to a case-study dealing with the Italian Revenue Agency, responsible for collecting tax and customs duties for government, which is developing a rich CRM program along with an ICT re-engineering process.
Data-Driven Customer Centricity
Authors: Boujena Othman , Coussement Kristof , de Bock Koen W.
Published: October 2015

Customer relationship management (CRM) is becoming a very hot topic nowadays in academia and business environments. Indeed, companies are constantly searching for new innovative ways to create or maintain their competitive advantage. Due to the recent advances in Internet and technology, CRM predictive analytics is becoming an important tool in the toolset of the marketer. It is the practice of using the huge volumes of historical customer data to predict future customer behavior. This chapter introduces the reader to the shift towards a data-driven customer centricity approach, where marketers act upon what they know, rather than upon what they think.
Risk Management, Trust and Repeat Online Shopping Intentions
Authors: Mpinganjira Mercy
Published: October 2015

E-commerce is a growing phenomenon in Africa. One area of e-commerce that is growing at a very fast rate is online retailing. This is despite concerns that individuals often have in relation to online shopping being associated with more risk than traditional retailing. This chapter looks at practices of online retailers that help in mitigating online shopping risk and the influence of these on customers' levels of trust as well as on their intentions to re-purchase from specific online stores. The findings show that provision of adequate online product information and online store security has positive influence on customers' level of trust in an online store. The findings also show that trust in an online store has significant influence on customers' intentions to repurchase from a store. The findings have wide implications on successful management of online store outlets and these have been highlighted in the chapter.
Confronting the Challenges of Asymmetry of Information and Competition
Authors: Melnik Mikhail Ion
Published: October 2015

During its history, the largest U.S. consumer-to-consumer online platform, eBay, had to overcome two major obstacles: Asymmetry of information and competition from Yahoo Auctions. This chapter examines two of the mechanisms used by eBay that may account for the company's success story: the seller's rating mechanism and the insertion fee structure. The first of these mechanisms seems to have played an important role in addressing the problem of asymmetry of information in consumer-to-consumer online commerce. In addition, the eBay rating may have served as a barrier to entry for competing platforms in the consumer-to-consumer online commerce. The second mechanism appears to have aided eBay in its competition with Yahoo Auctions in the U.S. online auction market.
Inclusive Entrepreneurship for the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Thuse Aniruddha Vilas
Published: October 2015

An inclusion of entrepreneurship practices within organization is outcome of its style and culture. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises or MSMEs in developing countries are needed to be much innovative by replacing the traditional ways of running their businesses. Knowledge Management in all functional processes is unavoidable insertion for them now days. In this chapter, the focus is thrown on this important aspect. The necessary information is collected from the secondary published data about the MSME sector in India and other Asian countries. This chapter will highlight the essentials of entrepreneurship for the MSME and is attempted to provide suggestions to the selected groups as far their productive development is considered. The MSME sector of India is taken as a study- base for discussion. But the applications are suitable for the MSME in other developing countries also.
Multifactory
Authors: Focardi Giulio , Salati Lorenza
Published: October 2015

A Multifactory is a collaborative working environment, which helps its members to grow as entrepreneurs and to innovate as there is a constant exchange between members, and they share experiences and knowledge. A Multifactory is a self-regulated system, where few norms rule relationships between entrepreneurs and innovation comes from everyday interaction between members, which are independent under any aspect, but on occasion can act as if they were parts of a single huge company. Multifactories proved to be places that help a new generation of entrepreneurs to grow, as they count on immaterial assets and shared resources to develop their companies.
Entrepreneurship Education for an Entrepreneurial Society
Authors: Chauhan Raghubir Singh , Das Rituparna
Published: October 2015

Education determines the capital, wealth and prosperity for multiple generations in a knowledge based economy and society. Relationship of knowledge to entrepreneurship, technology and economy is examined to understand the needs of entrepreneurial society. Exploration of realities is done to maximize the transition towards entrepreneurial society. Structural limitations of existing educational framework are explored in the backdrop of its origin and implications. The need of integrating entrepreneurship education as integral part of all institutional patterns is concluded as a vital element for entrepreneurial society.
Innovation and Agronomy
Authors: Caro Ariel R. Soto
Published: October 2015

This chapter presents an empirical discussion about the relationship of agricultural industry and innovation in emerging economies. Then, a general revision of the innovation, agronomy and public policies associated will be reviewed. This chapter is immersed in the Chilean case. The author justifies that Chile can be a representative case because it is a country that wishes to become a world power in agro-food, but has very low investment in innovation. Besides, it has very low participation of agricultural innovative firms in the market. After the background is presented, innovation and development will be reviewed; subsequently, innovation in developing countries will be discussed, concluding with agro-innovation in Latin-American countries, especially in Chile.
SME's Innovation and Internationalization in Knowledge-Based Economy
Authors: Dorożyński Tomasz , Dorożyńska Agnieszka , Kuna-Marszałek Anetta
Published: October 2015

The main goal of the chapter is to make an assessment of the innovative position, the level of internationalization and potential of small and medium-sized enterprises in the EU in the light of challenges implied by the building of knowledge-based economy. The chapter comprises several parts. Main attention is paid to the substance and factors that shape the knowledge-based economy, determinants of innovation in SMEs and the assessment of SMEs' innovation and internationalization in the EU. We also analyzed dependence between the development level of the EU Member States and R&D expenditure and the level of innovation and competitiveness of individual countries. To this end we used Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Final part of the chapter is devoted to the EU support scheme for small and medium-sized enterprises, in particular it focuses on instruments connected with innovation and internationalization.
Optimization and Management of Resource in Utility Computing
Authors: Jadon Kuldeep Singh , Mudgal Praveen , Bhadoria Robin Singh
Published: October 2015

In this modern era of computing, we are surrounded directly or indirectly related to the computer resources and services, and uses several programming language, different database management systems like RDBMS. At the same time, it need respective compilers and editors for different languages and the most important resource is “storage”, which could be either in the form of primary or secondary space storage. Our Industries like banking, health and education are growing with rapid demand of resources. Thus, to reduces the load of resources consumption and improves its capacity with performance, would be major focus into this chapter. This could be crafted with policy-base assignment of resources approach and adaptive self-learning with virtualization of resources for optimization. Using such approaches and methods, it helps in quality of service with higher availability, greater performance, and improved recoverability.
Green Computing
Authors: Adhikari Mainak , Roy Debapriya
Published: October 2015

Green computing considers use of computers and related resources in an eco-friendly manner such as the implementation of energy efficiency in Servers, Peripherals etc. In recent years, companies in the computer industry realize that going green is in their best interest, both in terms of public relations and reduced costs. The principle behind energy efficient coding is to save power by getting software to make less use of the hardware, rather than continuing to run the same code on hardware that uses less power. This chapter first discuss features, challenges and impacts of green computing. Finally this chapter point out the standard and recommendation of green computing with suitable example.
A Viability Analysis of an Economical Private Cloud Storage Solution Powered by Raspberry Pi in the NSA Era
Authors: Srinivasa K. G. , Hegde Ganesh , Sideesh G M , Hiriyannaiah Srinidhi
Published: October 2015

With the advent of increasing breaches and of private data stored in a large number of public cloud storage providers by high level government organizations under the pretext of copyright infringements, national security etc, data privacy is gaining paramount importance. Cheap yet powerful system-on-chip computers like the Raspberry Pi and wide range of community supported software have made running one's own server without spending a lot, a reality. We explore open source cloud storage service alternatives and their feature parity, running one of these services to setup a personal cloud server to protect data privacy and security. We also take a look at the security issues, data availability, cost effectiveness and viability of deploying a personal cloud when compared to some popular public cloud storage providers.
GPU Implementation of Friend Recommendation System using CUDA for Social Networking Services
Authors: Srinivasa K. G. , Siddesh G. M. , Hiriyannaiah Srinidhi , Mishra Kushagra , Prajeeth Coca Sai , Talha Ameen Mohammed
Published: October 2015

Nowadays hybrid recommender systems are used, which utilize both collaborative and content based filtering techniques unlike the FoF system that have been presented in the chapter. Social networking services (SNSs) provide a platform where likeminded people interact and express opinions. The trends of socializing have changed drastically and the general population is turning to these services to socialize and network with new people. Massive infrastructure compliments uninterrupted usage of these services. Owing to the rapidly growing user base of SNSs, there is always a need to improve upon the existing infrastructure to keep cost and performance in tune with one another. GPUs are proving to be a viable solution to bridge the gap between the two. In this chapter, we describe GPU implementation of a Friend recommender system which is based on content-based filtering mechanism. It has given significant speed up from its previous counterparts, thus making the whole process more efficient.
Face Recognition
Authors: Alling Alexander , Powers Nathaniel R , Soyata Tolga
Published: October 2015

Face recognition is a sophisticated problem requiring a significant commitment of computer resources. A modern GPU architecture provides a practical platform for performing face recognition in real time. The majority of the calculations of an eigenpicture implementation of face recognition are matrix multiplications. For this type of computation, a conventional computer GPU is capable of computing in tens of milliseconds data that a CPU requires thousands of milliseconds to process. In this chapter, we outline and examine the different components and computational requirements of a face recognition scheme implementing the Viola-Jones Face Detection Framework and an eigenpicture face recognition model. Face recognition can be separated into three distinct parts: face detection, eigenvector projection, and database search. For each, we provide a detailed explanation of the exact process along with an analysis of the computational requirements and scalability of the operation.
Games and Their Embodied Learning Principles in the Classroom
Authors: von Gillern Sam
Published: October 2015

This chapter explores how educators can use games and their embodied learning principles as a source for student learning, motivation, and engagement. It begins by highlighting important educational issues, such as lack of motivation and how technology has affected students and communication (Prensky, 2005). It then illustrates how digital games can address these issues and support learning and foster meaningful engagement by exploring Gee's (2007) learning principles and Prensky's (2005) activities and learning techniques. Each learning principle and activity is addressed with a summary of the concept, an example of how video games exemplify the concept, and practical methods for integrating the idea into classroom instruction through games and activities. The chapter concludes with an overview of main concepts and highlights future directions for research connecting learning theories to digital games.
Game Design Frameworks and Reality Guides
Authors: Suovuo Tomi “bgt” , Lahti Ilmari , Smed Jouni
Published: October 2015

The gamification trend has cultivated a wide variety of game design frameworks. In this chapter, we use the concept of reality guides to analyse the characteristics of a few of these. Reality guides are applications that aim at assisting the user in the real world. As such they are not games, which is why we can use them to investigate the applicability of game design frameworks in a wider context than they are originally introduced for. Although these frameworks are for games, we find them at least partially applicable in the design of any kind of software and services. We also further refine the concept of reality guides as a type of application and consider the apparent usefulness of these frameworks on them.
Kinesthetic Gaming, Cognition, and Learning
Authors: Demiroz Erdem
Published: October 2015

Kinesthetic gaming, which is also called full-body gaming, is the rising star of digital gaming trends of recent years. With the integration of commercially available motion tracking systems into game consoles, players are able to control the games with kinesthetic movements without any handheld controllers. This new form of advanced human-computer interaction (HCI) allows players to interact with games in more realistic and natural ways. Because of its novelty, research in kinesthetic gameplay is limited, and experimental research on the effects of kinesthetic gaming on learning is almost non-existent. The purpose of the chapter is to investigate the philosophical foundations of kinesthetic game-playing by emphasizing the role of physical action on learning under the framework of cognitive theories and to discuss possible implications in P-12 education. The author aims to introduce kinesthetic game-playing as a powerful tool for learning and to develop new insights on gaming in P-12 education.
Information Literacy in Virtual Environments
Authors: Hill Valerie J
Published: October 2015

This chapter provides an overview of information literacy needs of P-12 learners in virtual environments. As more of life is spent in global digital participatory culture, information literacy skills have moved from primarily print-based to include digital content evaluation, content curation, and a personal responsibility for digital citizenship. Using standards for 21st century learning from the American Library Association, examples highlight information literacy elements embedded in immersive learning environments, such as the Anne Frank simulation (a 3D replica of Amsterdam and the annex where Anne's family hid) and a digital citizenship game built by students in the game of Minecraft. Creators of immersive learning environments in virtual worlds must accurately depict historical eras and cite sources for authority and accuracy of information. These 3D simulations provide opportunities to teach information literacy in virtual spaces with a shared “sense of presence”. Learners in virtual environments have digital citizenship responsibilities from a very young age.
Designing Digital Objects to Scaffold Learning
Authors: Van Eaton Grant , Clark Douglas B.
Published: October 2015

The design of digital objects and representations in digital games is highly consequential for learning. Digital objects in learning games provide opportunities to scaffold teacher and student learning toward deeper epistemological understanding of the concepts they represent, but objects and representations can also be interpreted in a manner that misrepresents the concepts in whose place they stand. For the current study, one teacher was observed using the SURGE learning environment. During the study, the teacher combined the learning environment with direct instruction to teach Newton's laws of force and motion. Findings highlight the importance of designs that (a) explicitly model the meaning of the representations in the learning environment, (b) provide opportunities for teachers and students to interact with the full range of the properties of the representational object, and (c) incentivize players to utilize representations in the environment to their full extent, such that the learning environment repeatedly reinforces the core concepts of the representation.
Mission HydroSci
Authors: Laffey James M. , Sadler Troy D. , Goggins Sean P. , Griffin Joseph , Babiuch Ryan Nicholas
Published: October 2015

Distance Learning through game-based 3D virtual learning environments has promise for helping rural and other communities that have become increasingly dependent upon online learning to meet the Next Generation Science Standards. The team developing Mission HydroSci (MHS) envisions a learning product that integrates a game-based 3D VLE with a learning progressions approach to curriculum and innovative methods for teacher support and learning analytics. MHS uses an eight level game which at each level immerses students in a simulation environment for learning about water systems and then requires the student to put that knowledge into practice in a context of developing their competencies for scientific argumentation. This chapter describes the vision for MHS at the beginning of the development process funded by a grant award from the Investing in Innovation (i3) Fund of the U.S. Department of Education.