bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographic distribution and predictors of diagnostic delays among possible TB patients in Uganda
Authors: Ochom E. , Robsky K. O. , Gupta A. J. , Tamale A. , Kungu J. , Turimumahoro P. , Nakasendwa S. , Rwego I. B. , Muttamba W. , Joloba M. , Ssengooba W. , Davis J. L. , Katamba A.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Understanding the geographic distribution and factors associated with delayed TB diagnosis may help target interventions to reduce delays and improve patient outcomes.METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of adults undergoing TB evaluation within a
public health demonstration project in Uganda. Using Global Moran’s I (GMI) and Getis-Ord GI* statistics, we evaluated for residential clustering and hotspots associated with patient-related and health system-related delays. We performed multivariate logistic regression to identify individual
predictors of both types of delays.RESULTS: Of 996 adults undergoing TB evaluation (median age: 37 years, IQR 28–49), 333 (33%) experienced patient delays, and 568 (57%) experienced health system delays. Participants were clustered (GMI 0.47–0.64, P 0.001) at
the sub-county level, but there were no statistically significant hotspots for patient or health system delays. Married individuals were less likely to experience patient delays (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.48–0.75; P < 0.001). Those aged 38–57 years (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.07–1.38;
P = 0.002) were more likely than those aged 58 years to experience patient delays. Knowledge about TB (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.63–0.98; P = 0.03) protected against health system delays.CONCLUSIONS: We did not identify geographic hotspots for TB diagnostic delays. Instead,
delays were associated with individual factors such as age, marital status and TB knowledge.
Health worker views on pre-treatment loss to follow-up in adults with pulmonary TB in Western Kenya
Authors: Mulaku M. N. , Corrie O. M. , Odero I. , Young T. , Steingart K. R. , Ochodo E.
Published: August 2023

SETTING:County referral hospital in Western Kenya.OBJECTIVES:To explore factors contributing to pre-treatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU) in adults with pulmonary TB and propose solutions to address PTLFU from healthcare worker (HCW) perspectives.DESIGN:This was an exploratory qualitative study using thematic analysis.RESULTS:We conducted 19 key informant interviews with HCWs representing laboratory, clinical care, management and the community. Participant age ranged from 26 to 62 years; 14 (74%) were females; and most (74%) had worked in TB care for 5 years. They reported that patients experienced stigma and had misconceptions about TB that contributed to PTLFU. HCWs were hesitant to work in the TB clinic, which contributed to suboptimal patient care, leading to PTLFU. Unclear linkage between laboratory and clinician, and limited financial resources to track patients were among the healthcare system factors that led to PTLFU. HCWs suggested having proper patient preparation, assigning resources to track patients and holding regular interdisciplinary meetings as practical solutions to address PTLFU.ONCLUSION:HCWs reported multiple factors that may influence PTLFU and recommended various solutions to address these. Knowledge of TB management, patient preparation, resources to track patients and multidisciplinary meetings will be central to addressing PTLFU.
Tuberculin skin testing and QuantiFERON™-TB Gold Plus positivity among household contacts in Vietnam
Authors: Innes A. L. , Nguyen S. T. , Lebrun V. , Nguyen T. T. H. , Huynh T. P. , Quach V. L. , Hoang G. L. , Nguyen T. B. , Nguyen T. B. P. , Pham H. M. , Martinez A. , Dinh N. , Dinh V. L. , Nguyen B. H. , Truong T. T. H. , Nguyen V. C. , Nguyen V. N. , Mai T. H.
Published: August 2023

SETTING: TB infection (TBI) is diagnosed using the technique-dependent tuberculin skin test (TST) or costly, more accurate interferon-gamma release assays. The TST (10 mm) threshold was indicated by previous research among household contacts in Vietnam, but routine implementation
with a different tuberculin reagent showed unexpectedly low TST positivity.OBJECTIVE: TST (5 mm and 10 mm) results were compared to QuantiFERON™-TB Gold Plus (QFT) results in household contacts during community campaigns in 2020 and 2021.DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional
multi-center implementation study.RESULTS: Among 1,330 household contacts in 2020, we found a TBI prevalence of 38.6% (QFT), similar to TST 5 mm (37.4%) and higher than TST 10 mm (13.1%). QFT+/TST+ was higher for TST 5 mm (20.7%) than TST 10 mm (9.4%). QFT was not discordant with
TST 5 mm (McNemar’s test = 0.6, P = 0.5) but was discordant with TST 10 mm (McNemar’s test = 263.9, P < 0.01). Older age and Southern region increased odds for positive TST 5 mm and QFT with weaker associations for TST 10 mm. Agreement and discordance were similar
in 2021 for 1,158 household contacts.CONCLUSION: Tuberculin reagents affect TST positivity rates. High TB burden countries should monitor reliability of TBI diagnosis, including tuberculin potency, cold chain, and TST technique to optimize eligibility for TB preventive treatment.
Análise comparativa de contextos sócio-políticos: a revolta da vacina e a pandemia da COVID-19 por meio das lentes CTS
Authors: Dos Santos Sheila Pires , Leão Marcelo Franco
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar uma possível aproximação entre o contexto político-social durante o período popularmente conhecido como a revolta da vacina e a pandemia da Covid-19. Para tanto será proposto uma análise sob a ótica da obra "A Revolta da vacina: mentes insanas em corpos rebeldes" do professor Nicolau Sevcenko comparando-a com relatos da pandemia publicados nos Cadernos CRIS (Centro de Relações Internacionais em Saúde), quinzenalmente divulgados pelo site do Instituto Fiocruz nos anos de 2020 e 2021. De natureza qualitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica, respaldada na Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2016), realizou-se análise histórico-comparativa das formas de distribuição e aplicação das vacinas contra varíola e Covid-19 no Brasil, com ressalvas ao contexto político de cada período. Propõe-se que ambos períodos, priorizavam as questões político-econômicas e menosprezavam relações sociais que culminam em um problema de saúde pública, sendo assim, ambas obras se configuram em exemplares que complementam o currículo escolar em uma linguagem interdisciplinar com enfoque CTS (Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade).
UTILIZAÇÃO DE IMAGENS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E OS ESTEREÓTIPOS DE GÊNERO
Authors: Da Silva Jarlisse Nina Beserra , Ferreira Ana Paula Almeida , Padilha Maritânia dos Santos , Sá-Silva Jackson Ronie
Published: August 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as percepções de professoras diante do trabalho pedagógico com as imagens, quando confrontadas a discutir sobre os estereótipos de gênero. A pesquisa se constitui como bibliográfica, pois articulada à produção teórica sobre as questões de gênero e educação, e de campo, uma vez que se vale da aplicação de entrevista semiestruturada com 19 professoras de uma creche e pré-escola vinculada à Rede Municipal de Educação da cidade de São Luís, no estado do Maranhão. A análise de dados se deu a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, e os resultados apontam a existência de receios por parte das professoras quanto à abordagem da temática de gênero na Educação Infantil. Por isso, se faz necessária a reflexão sobre concepção de criança e sobre as forças sociais que atuam nos espaços escolares. Verificou-se, ainda, que, apesar de as imagens serem consideradas como importantes recursos pedagógicos no cotidiano da Educação Infantil, existem descrenças quanto às influências acerca dos estereótipos de gênero que possam carregar.
ESTUDO CIENCIOMÉTRICO SOBRE IDOSOS DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA, DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Dos Santos Natália Quevedo , Garcia Raiane Caroline , Aranha Milena Ribeiro Mariucio , Stencel Gabriela Cristina , Ribeiro Gabriela Kerber , Garcia Lucas França , Bertolini Sonia Maria Marques Gomes
Published: August 2023

Introdução: A pandemia da COVID-19 foi desafiadora principalmente para a população idosa institucionalizadas nas Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI), necessitando de maiores cuidados. Objetivo: O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi conhecer as temáticas das publicações sobre idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência durante a pandemia da COVID-19, no período entre 2020 e 2022, em termos mundiais, com ênfase na população de ILPI no Brasil. Metodologia: Este estudo se caracteriza como uma revisão cienciométrica, realizado entre os meses de outubro e novembro de 2022. As combinações de palavras usadas “homes for the aged” and “COVID -19”, (homes for the aged) and (COVID -19) foram pesquisadas nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, Scopus e Web of Science. Resultados: Foram incluídos 173 artigos, com predomínio de publicações no ano de 2021, nos Estados Unidos e com as temáticas de mortalidade/infecção, seguidas de enfrentamento/recomendações. Em relação ao Brasil, foram incluídos oito artigos relacionados com as mesmas temáticas e com o predomínio do ano de 2020. Conclusão: Os resultados desta cienciometria indicam que apesar do predomínio de publicações sobre mortalidade/infecções de idosos em ILPI, no período mais crítico da pandemia da COVID-19 foram expressivas as publicações sobre enfrentamento/recomendações.
Controle social e o papel dos tribunais de contas na fiscalização do Bolsa Família: uma análise sob a perspectiva de Hayek
Authors: Falcão Marcus Vinícius de Lima , Guimarães Jairo de Carvalho
Published: August 2023

O Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) foi uma das principais políticas públicas já idealizadas no país e foi instituído pela Lei n. 10.836/2004. Trata-se de um programa de transferência direta de renda, sob determinadas condicionalidades, às famílias em situação de pobreza extrema. Inicialmente o artigo traz uma breve revisão de alguns conceitos de políticas públicas, revela os principais aspectos do PBF, bem como ratifica a necessidade de manutenção dos referidos instrumentos sociais que garantem um mínimo existencial aos que dele necessitam, conforme teoria defendida pelo autor neoliberal Friedrich Hayek e outros autores contemporâneos. Na sequência, considerando a expansão do programa e ao volume de recursos públicos envolvidos nas transferências, o artigo aborda a importância da fiscalização e do controle externo efetuado pelo Tribunal de Contas da União e pela sociedade, mediante o controle social, trazendo-se à tona os principais benefícios oriundos dos controles realizados sobre o Programa Bolsa Família.
Doppler parameters in ductus venosus during the third trimester of pregnancy in goats.
Authors: Wojtasiak Natalia , Stankiewicz Tomasz , Błaszczyk Barbara , Szewczuk Małgorzata
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study was to assess hemodynamics in ductus venosus in the third trimester of pregnancy. Measurements of blood flow parameters in ductus venosus were performed using color Doppler combined with the pulsed-wave Doppler technique. In the analyzed period, the wave spectrum of blood flow in the ductus venosus had a specific pulsating character with two acceleration phases visible. The presented study showed an increase in peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistance index and pulsatility index in the last period of the third trimester of pregnancy. All Doppler parameters in the ductus venosus were correlated with the day of gestation. It has been shown that blood flow parameters and the Doppler spectrum depend on the gestational age. The obtained results may be useful for the future study of ductus venosus in fetal period in goats.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CULTIVO DA PITAYA EM UNIDADES DE PRODUTORES FAMILIARES DE FRUTICULTURA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTARÉM-PARÁ
Authors: Pontes Milane Lima , Da Silva Alanna do Socorro Lima , Do Amaral Flávia Alves , Vieira Thiago Almeida , De Camargo Plinio Barbosa , Tribuzy Aldeize Santos , Alves Helionora da Silva , Tribuzy Edgard Siza
Published: August 2023

A exploração comercial de frutas exóticas tem crescido nos últimos anos e a pitaya Hylocereus spp tem se destacado. No estado do Pará, a fruticultura é bastante diversificada, apresentando preços de frutos exóticos, superiores aos de frutos tradicionais, e tem despertado o interesse dos fruticultores. Sendo os pequenos produtores e agricultores familiares os principais agentes dessa cadeia. Por ser uma cultura recente na região, o planejamento e o manejo ainda não são normatizados, necessitando, portanto, de mais estudos para a padronização do sistema de manejo. Este estudo objetivou entender como está ocorrendo a introdução da cultura da pitaya na agricultura familiar no município de Santarém. A metodologia utilizada foi uma abordagem quali-quantitativa com aplicação de questionário com perguntas fechadas, sobre a origem das mudas, técnicas de cultivo e manejo, quais são os desafios e perspectivas que esses agricultores têm em relação a cultura da pitaya. Como critério de inclusão, para os entrevistados, foram considerados, agricultura familiar e pitaya dentro do grupo de produtores que mantêm vínculo de parceria com a Fazenda Experimental da Ufopa. Após a aplicação dos questionários os dados foram tabulados, avaliados em planilha eletrônica. Os resultados mostram que a cultura  está presente em pequenas unidades produtivas que ainda estão em processo de desenvolvimento sobre as técnicas de cultivos e os produtores que já iniciaram o cultivo compartilham informações e material genético. Além disso foi possível constatar que a variedade que se destaca entre as cultivadas é a Roxa do Pará, Hilocereus costaricense, cerca de 95% dos produtores fazem uso dela. Os frutos são comercializados por um valor bem atrativo, e o custo de implantação do pomar é variável. Ainda faltam de recomendações de adubação específicas para a cultura, bem como informações fitossanitárias, porém a maioria dos produtores pretendem expandir a área plantada e tendo a cultura grande potencial na região estudada.
INFECÇÕES SEXUALMENTE TRANSMISSÍVEIS E GRAVIDEZ INDESEJADA EM MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL EM CHAPECÓ-SC
Authors: Wagner Adriana , Paulini Bárbara Zucco , De Siqueira Maria Eduarda Ortiz
Published: August 2023

A violência sexual é caracterizada por tentativa ou consumação de qualquer ato sexual utilizando-se da coerção sem o consetimento de outra pessoa; é um fenômeno universal, em que não existem restrições de idade, etnia ou classe social, tendo as mulheres como principais vítimas. As infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) e gestações decorrentes do estupro podem ser consequências imediatas da violência, e estimar suas incidências faz-se necessário no âmbito de promover políticas públicas mais eficazes para evitá-las. Assim, o estudo coletou dados presentes em 129 prontuários de mulheres vítimas de violência sexual, na cidade de Chapecó-SC, encaminhados para o Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE), no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2020. Para ISTs, foram analisados 106 prontuários, enquanto, para gravidez, foram avaliados 113 prontuários. As variáveis consideradas foram idade, número de agressores, violência de repetição, se houve atendimento dentro de 72 horas e o recebimento ou não de contracepção de emergência e das quimioprofilaxias contra HIV (Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana), hepatite B e ISTs não-virais. Os dados foram colhidos e avaliados considerando um intervalo de confiança de 95%; a associação entre as variáveis foi testada por meio da regressão logística não ajustada com valores expressos em razão de chance Odds Ratio (OR). Dentre as vítimas, 12,2% foram acometidas com alguma IST enquanto a ocorrência de gravidez foi de 1,7%. Ficou demonstrada a importância do atendimento das vítimas dentro das primeiras 72 horas após a violência, além da quimioprofilaxia contra ISTs e a contracepção de emergência.
Development of artificial diets for rearing of adult lady bird beetle Coccinella septumpunctata in laboratory
Authors: SINGH S P , SINGH Y P , KUMAR SANDEEP , TOMAR B S
Published: August 2023

Adult lady bird beetle, Coccinella septumpunctata was reared on semi-solid and liquid artificial diets in the laboratory at 25±1°C temperature and 70±5% relative humidity during 2011-12 and 2012-13. In first effort ten combinations of artificial diet in semi-solid form comprising 3 basic ingredients, i.e. protinex, home food plus and nutripet in different combinations along with other ingredients like agar powder, yeast powder, honey, vitamin B-complex and vitamin E were evaluated against adult of C. septumpunctata. Methyl paraben and formaldehyde were used as diet preservatives. The adult of C. septumpunctata survived maximum period of 41.3 days on home food plus (100%) based diet while minimum period (15.7 days) on nutripet (100%) based diet. The survival pattern in other diets was recorded from 24.0 days to 39.7 days. Further efforts were made to improve the quality of diets and again 10 combination of artificial diets in liquid form based on five basic ingredients i.e. protinex, cerelac (baby feed), honey, home food plus and sucrose alone and with other food supplements like vitamin B-complex, vitamin E, ascorbic acid and yeast powder were prepared using methyl paraben and formaldehyde as diet preservatives. The diets devoid of other food supplements proved very excellent by adult longevity and per cent adult survival at different time interval. Longest adult survival (302 days) was recorded in cerelac based diet. However adult longevity on protinex, honey, home food plus and sucrose based diets was recorded as 296, 207, 258 and 296 days respectively.
Weed management in maize (Zea mays ) in western Indo-Gangetic Plains through tank-mix herbicide application
Authors: SUSHA V S , DAS T K , SHARMA A R
Published: August 2023

To evaluate the bio-efficacy of pre-emergence tank-mix and sequential application (pre-emergence followed by (fb) post-emergence) of herbicides on weeds particularly Cyperus rotundus L. in maize (Zea mays L.), a field experiment was conducted in 2010 and 2011 at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. It was observed that the tank-mix pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha + imazethapyr 0.050 kg/ha with or without KNO3 (6%) and pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha + chlorimuron-p- ethyl 0.006 kg/ha resulted in significant suppression of Cyperus rotundus, broad leaved and grassy weeds, and caused a significant reduction in total weed population and dry weight. These tank-mixes were superior to other weed control treatments and resulted in higher weed control efficiency and weed control index. However, the pre-emergence tank-mix application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha + imazethapyr 0.050 kg/ ha resulted in comparable maize yield with weed-free check in both years, but the yields in this treatment were higher than in other weed control treatments. This treatment, excluding weed-free check, resulted in the highest net returns and net benefit:cost. Atrazine 1.0 kg/ha + mustard residue mulch @ 5 tonnes/ha was the next best treatment, resulting in higher maize yield through concurrent reduction in weed competition.
Gene action for quantitative traits through Generation means analysis in sesame (Sesamum indicum)
Authors: JATOTH JAWAHAR LAL , DANGI KULDEEP SINGH , KUMAR S SUDHEER
Published: August 2023

Understanding the nature of gene action in the breeding material is helpful for breeders in formulating breeder strategy. In order to understand the type of gene action operating in the breeding materials six generation means (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) from five crosses were used to estimate the genetic effects of yield and some quantitative traits in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) The analysis showed the presence of additive, dominance and epistatic gene interactions. The additive dominance model was adequate for capsule length in the KMR 108 × JCS 507 and KKS 98049 × IS 562 B crosses. An epistatic digenic model was assumed for the remaining crosses. Duplicate- type epistasis played a greater role than complementary epistasis. The study deciphered that simple additive dominance model exhibited lack of good fit for all the traits in five crosses studied, indicating the role of non-allelic interactions. Dominance and epistatic interactions played a major role in the inheritance of yield and yield contributing characters in sesame. It can be categorically stated that reciprocal recurrent selection or diallel selective mating system are the need of the hour to modify the genetic architecture of sesame for attaining higher yields with desirable oil content.
Foraging behaviour of honeybees (Apis spp.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in hybrid seed production of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: MAITY ANIRUDDHA , CHAKRABARTY S K , YADAV J B
Published: August 2023

Pollination of entomophilous crops by honeybees is considered as one of the effective and inexpensive method for improving the crop yield and its quality. In most of the crops, effective pollination is prerequisite for fruitful fertilisation. Hence, we investigated the differential foraging activity of honeybees in relation to aspects of crop management including sowing time and parental row ratio in the hybrid seed production of the first Indian mustard hybrid NRCHB Apis spp. (half of which being Apis dorsata) was the dominant pollinators in our study. The pollinator abundance was maximum in the forenoon in male line (19.1) and in the afternoon in female line (13.9). Pollen collectors (8.7) outnumbered the nectar collectors (7.2) in male line and the reverse in female line. Pollinator abundance decreased in rows distantly positioned from the male parent row. Air temperature was positively correlated (r = 0.631) and relative humidity negatively correlated (r = –0.736) with honeybee foraging. Warmer weather conditions during flowering period showed higher number of honeybee visiting the hybrid seed production plots. This study would help the seed producers to standardise the planting geometry and date of sowing to promote maximum pollinator abundance at peak flowering period resulting in higher hybrid seed yield.
Design and development of three-row improved pull-type rice transplanter for small farmers
Authors: SELVAN M MUTHAMIL , ANNAMALAI S J K , THAVAPRAKASH N , ANANATHAKRISHNAN D
Published: August 2023

A pull-type transplanter was developed by improvising the functional components of existing six-row manual IRRI rice transplanter. The improved transplanter is capable of planting seedlings in three rows at 250 mm row spacing. Picker mechanism was designed in such a way to perform the planting operation simultaneously as the equipment is being pulled with handle. Thus the push-pull mechanism adopted in the existing transplanter has been eliminated in this improved model, reducing drudgery of operation. While evaluating the unit in different puddling conditions as well as textural conditions, the field capacity was observed as 0.058 ha/h with field efficiency of 85.4% at the draft of 261.7 N. Percentage of missing hills was found as 9.61 with the optimized growing density of seedling of 60 g/mat. The ground wheel diameter was optimized as 500 mm based on intra-row spacing as well as force requirement for pulling the unit. The picker-finger width of 3 mm was optimized as there was high mortality rate observed with other fingers. For the optimized picker-finger width, single seedling was observed in 12.1% hills, double seedlings in 30.4% hills, triple seedlings in 31.7% hills, and 25.8% hills are planted with more than three seedlings. By employing ergonomic consideration in seedling picking mechanism, the energy requirement with improved transplanter was reduced to 19.84 kJ/min from 26.41 as in existing transplanter, and hence there was 24.9% reduction in drudgery. Although energy cost with improved transplanter is graded as ‘heavy’, the unit can be operated effectively with the recommended rest-pause of 12.5 min for every 45 min. Cost of transplanting with the equipment worked out ` 1 150 per ha with a cost-saving of 80.8% in addition to time-saving of 91.3% compared to hand transplanting. The improved transplanter has good scope for introduction in marginal farms.
Conflict Management Strategies and Farmers-Herders’ Conflict in Benue State, Nigeria, 2011-2021
Authors: Barango-Tariah Soye. A , Akujuru Chukwunuye , Ogele Eziho Promise
Published: August 2023

The study examined conflict management strategies and farmers-herdsmen conflict in Benue State, 2011-2021. Farmers-herders conflict, a new normal of the wave of Nigeria’s internal violence is one of the major challenges that have threatened the security and unity of Nigeria resulting in a significant increase in the number of cases associated with natural resource conflicts. At present, Benue state could be regarded as the epicentre of the conflict. Attacks in Benue State villages have resulted in several deaths and the destruction of properties. The study adopted Conflict, Frustration-Aggression and Eco-Violence theories as its theoretical construct. The study adopted a triangulation method of data gathering technique. A sample size of 399 was determined using the Taro Yamane formula. 378 copies of questionnaires were distributed across the three local governments, namely Logo, Guma and Agatu (regarded as epicentres of violent attacks by herdsmen) from each of the three senatorial districts of Benue State. Tables, percentages and bar charts were used in the presentation of data. The study revealed that the major cause of the conflict between farmers and herdsmen in Benue State is land; the conflict management strategy (style) adopted by farmers and herders during conflict situations is the forcing or competition strategy, whereas the Federal Government and security agencies employ the avoidance strategy, among others. Also, the study concludes that there is a significant relationship between conflict management strategies and farmers-herders conflict in Benue State, among others. Consequently, the recommends amongst others a collaborative initiative such as setting up conflict management committees by the government to include farmers and herdsmen; the rule of law should prevail.
Metodologias ativas, formação médica e promoção de saúde: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Lamonier Felipe Ribeiro , Marra Bruna Aparecida Nunes , Araujo Guilherme Moreira Borges , Araujo Laís Moreira Borges
Published: August 2023

Há alguns anos, debates acerca da Educação em Saúde no ensino superior e a necessidade de formar profissionais que estejam em consonância com os princípios preconizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), existem nas instituições de ensino e na esfera governamental da saúde. As metodologias ativas podem favorecer a autonomia do estudante, desde as simples àquelas que requerem uma readequação física e/ou tecnológica das instituições. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a produção científica nacional e internacional dos últimos sete anos, sobre as metodologias ativas de aprendizagem presentes na formação médica e sua relação com os princípios da Promoção de Saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sistemática utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e SCIELO. Foram utilizados e analisados 14 artigos. A maioria das publicações evidenciam efeitos positivos com a aplicação de novas estratégias de ensino. Essas estão consonantes com os princípios do SUS, ao possibilitar a formação de médicos competentes, autônomos, empoderados, pesquisadores e estudiosos, com capacidade crítica e reflexiva e habilidades de trabalhar em equipe.
A preocupação materna primária no autismo
Authors: Sousa Cleuber Cristiano de
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Os estudos sobre a preocupação materna primária de Donald Woods Winnicott se relacionam à capacidade da mãe no ato de dispensar atenção plena e cuidados ao bebê para que não haja terror, agonia e desamparo. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender a situação de desamparo da mãe perante a invasão e falha no ambiente e em que momento se inicia esta situação vulnerável. Metodologia: o método na psicanálise corresponde essencialmente a três elementos articulados que insta uma psicopatologia psicanalítica remanescente do olhar acurado e sofisticado da clínica freudiana com as histéricas e, consequente, a sua investigação da produção dos sintomas histéricos: experiência, investigação e interpretação. Resultados: O estudo de caso da mãe A.S. demonstrou que após uma ruptura, uma transgressão, uma invasão, a agonia e o terror se instalaram e as possíveis identificações ficariam esvaziadas de conteúdos simbólicos e imaginários se esforçando mentalmente para recordar, repetir e elaborar, sem sucesso. Conclusão: Este trabalho se debruçou nas considerações lançadas dos estudos de Donald Woods Winnicott sobre a preocupação materna primária e as identificações, os laços sociais e a constituição do sujeito no autismo. Destaca-se o estudo de caso apresentado neste trabalho é sobre o A.S., uma mãe de um menino de três anos e a sua história pessoal construída desde a gestação em um universo de relações entre o simbólico e o imaginário para que o sujeito possa ser constituído no campo do outro.
The Agrihood Design: Valuation of Ecosystem Services for NbS Visions in Peri-urban Housing Estate Development, Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Irvine Kim , Likitswat Fa , Sahavacharin Alisa , Suwanarit Asan , Lertwarapornpong Tararat , Chitwatkulsiri Detchphol
Published: August 2023

Nature-based Solution (NbS) designs increasingly are being implemented to reduce environmental impacts of urban development and enhance community resiliency to disruptions ranging from floods to climate change to Covid-19. But, the question remains, how do we assess the ecosystem service benefits provided by competing NbS designs in order to optimize such benefits? As such, the objective of this study was to develop and trial an assessment approach for the valuation of ecosystem services in a peri-urban area of Bangkok, Thailand. In our evaluations we considered the ecosystem service benefits of: i) water yield; ii) sediment yield; iii) nutrient yield; iv) carbon sequestration; v) urban heat island mitigation; vi) crop production; vii) habitat quality; and viii) aesthetics. Our ecosystem services valuation approach was tested using three case studies in peri-urban Bangkok, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani: i) an existing new single detached housing development in the area; ii) an area in its currently undeveloped, open and scrub forest state; and iii) the same area as (ii), but theoretically developed using an Agrihood design concept. The valuation approach included a combination of mathematical modeling for the water, sediment, and nutrient yield ecosystem services and an empirical, data-driven approach for urban cooling, carbon sequestering, crop production, habitat quality, and aesthetics. While the existing housing development design was meant to be relatively green and nature-oriented, the Agrihood design outperformed it in every ecosystem service category, including habitat quality and aesthetics. The Agrihood design also had lower sediment and nutrient yields and mean concentrations as compared to current (natural) conditions at the site, which is attributed to the inclusion of constructed wetlands in the design for the main drainage canal. This work represents a good preliminary step in establishing a local scale ecosystem services valuation framework for urban areas in a tropical climate, but additional refinements to the indicator determinations are needed.
Bir sipariş toplama deposunda iş birlikçi robot hızının çıktı performansı üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: TUTAM Mahmut
Published: August 2023

Sipariş toplama operasyonları depolarda en fazla maliyet ve iş yükü oluşturan aktivitelerden birisidir. Sipariş toplayıcıların iş yükünün azaltılması ve performanslarının yükseltilmesi için son yıllarda depolarda kolaboratif sipariş toplama sistemleri daha fazla kullanılmaktadır. Kolaboratif bir sipariş toplama sisteminde, kolaboratif robot bir sipariş toplayıcı tarafından sürülebilmekte veya sipariş toplama noktaları arasında yürüyen sipariş toplayıcının yanı sıra otonom olarak hareket edebilmektedir. Bu kolaboratif sistem, kolaboratif robot hızının sipariş toplama operasyonlarının çıktı performansına etkisi ne kadardır? ve bu etki farklı toplama liste büyüklükleri için nasıl değişmektedir? gibi sorular ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışma kolaboratif robot kullanılan bir sipariş toplama deposunda robot hızının çıktı performansına etkisini araştırmak amacıyla bir tamsayılı programlama modeli oluşturmaktayı ve çeşitli sipariş listesi büyüklükleri için geliştirilen modeli çözmeyi hedeflemektedir. Optimizasyon modelinin amacı bir toplama listesindeki tüm lokasyonları kapsayan tur süresini minimize etmektir. Ayrıca, sipariş lokasyonları arasındaki mesafeye bağlı olarak sipariş toplayıcının kolaboratif robotun yanında yürümesi veya kolaboratif robotu sürmesi için optimal strateji belirlenmiştir. Dahası, hız artışının kazalara yol açtığı dikkate alınarak optimizasyon modeline hız artışı için bir zaman cezası eklenmiştir. Son olarak, rastgele toplama listeleri oluşturmak için Monte Carlo simülasyonu kullanılmış ve Dinamik Programlama kullanılarak optimizasyon modeli çözülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda, toplama listesi büyüklüğüne bağlı olarak robot hızın optimize edilmesiyle çıktı performansının %60'a kadar artırılabileceği gösterilmiştir.
Articulación de teatralidad en la dramaturgia de “Juicio final”, de José de Jesús Martínez
Authors: Mariscal Mariscal Alex
Published: August 2023

Este es un análisis de crítica teatral de la pieza “Juicio final”, de José de Jesús Martínez.  El objetivo es valorar exhaustivamente la eficiencia de la articulación de los elementos esenciales de producción teatralidad en la dramaturgia textual de este drama panameño de postguerra. Estos elementos estructurales son: 1) Texto y ficción, 2) Espacio, 3) Tiempo, 4) Personaje y 5) Visión. Dada la doble naturaleza del texto de una obra teatral y por su modo representacional, que es tanto dramático como texto espectacular, para su análisis se utiliza metodología cualitativa en un proceso hermenéutico-fenomenológico en el contexto de la dramatología de García-Barrientos (2011).  “Juicio final”, de Martínez, es una pieza realista de tema universal cuya dramaturgia asimila eficazmente, en la articulación de su teatralidad, novedosos referentes del teatro europeo de postguerra.
Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia mimicking sinunasal mucocele: Case report
Authors: Rimande U.Joel  , Rosethe Rimande-Joel  , Eyo O.Ekpenyong  , Joseph I.Kuni  , Millicent O. Obajimi
Published: August 2023

Background: Fibrous Dysplasia is a congenital, non-inherited, benign intra-medullary bone lesion in which the normal bone marrow is replaced by abnormal fibro-osseous tissue. It can manifest in axial and extra -axial skeleton and tissues. The wide range of clinical manifestations from skeletal changes to soft tissues swellings and skin discoloration makes it a disease of note in the clinical settings. Some of its complications include malignant transformation, gastrointestinal reflux to cardiac involvement with arrhythmias and even sudden death. Until recently with advent of modern imaging modalities, it was a disease of diagnostic debacle as it was often misdiagnosed .This is a case report of a 17 year old male who was misdiagnosed as sinunasal mucocele until histology proved it to be fibrous dysplasia. Objective: The objective of the report is to draw attention to the diagnostic challenge posed at CT imaging. Methods: This case report was carried out at University College Hospital Ibadan. Results: Showed right sided facial swelling measuring about 15x10cm. The mass was firm to hard in consistency, non-tender and not attached to the overlying skin. There was no loss of sensation in the skin over it. The right eye was displaced superiorly and laterally. A nasal aspect of the mass was seen to occupy the whole of the ipsilateral nasal cavity which it occluded deviating the nasal septum to the left and narrowing the left nasal cavity. It was fleshy and showed contact bleeding. The attending ENT Surgeons made a working diagnosis of right sinunasal tumour with possible malignant transformation. The radiographs of the sinuses showed expansile sclerotic lesion involving the nasal bones, the right maxillary bone, right ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses. The inferior aspect of the right frontal sinus was also affected. A cranial computed tomography (CT) scan (Fig 2-4) showed a multi-loculated hypodense mass with mildly enhancing septations (HU16) within the right frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses. There was associated expansion of the affected sinuses with thinning of their cortices. No evidence of aggressive bony destruction was seen. The radiologists made a diagnosis of benign sinunasal tumour most likely mucocele. After right maxillectomy, histology proved the lesion to be fibrous dysplasia. This report goes further to support the need for application of more imaging modalities especially the modern and higher slices CT scanner, higher Tesla(2T )MRI , PET and fusion CT/PET scanners in arriving at radiological diagnosis that will be more compatible with the pathological condition of the patients as against what was in place at the time of this case report .Radiologists are also encouraged to have a high index of suspicion for the disease and to explore the possibilities of the differentials in order not to miss the diagnosis of FD
The African Novel and Conflict Management
Authors: Agho Jude
Published: August 2023

The novel is a very distinct sub-genre of literature, in fact, the most popular in terms of use of all the literary forms in African literature. The form is not only graphic and elastic in deployment to reflect and portray conflict situations among people, classes and institutions involved in political and syndicalist contestations, for example, it is the most encyclopaedic in recording momentous instances of revolts and revolution arising from conflicts among classes and peoples. Thus, literature has been and still is a handy tool to African writers in portraying the colonial and neocolonial emasculation of the masses of the African people during and after the European imperialist subjugation of the African continent and its peoples. The unremitting and continuous deployment of the novel to address such issues by African writers has led to what I have characterized in another study as the “rise of the proletarian novel in Africa” (Agho 2012: 53-64). This paper discusses the portrayal of conflict situations in Africa through the agency of the African novel.
Literature in the Service of State: A Panacea for Political Conflict
Authors: Ejiodu Michael Onyeisi
Published: August 2023

Literature emanates from society and is about society. It is about people and their interaction, both at the intra- and the inter-levels. It is a record or reflection of the actions and/or inactions and thoughts of humans. To this effect, the problems and general situations of man are given life outside of the human body, that encasement that gives tangibility to the life force. Politics, on the other hand, has to do with the art of governance and/or the methods and techniques of ascendancy onto the seat of power. Over the generations and most especially in recent times, politics has downgraded man. Man has degenerated on the altar of politics and the art of governance. The implication of this is that crises have engulfed the world. The most frequently heard news and information these days are about war, terrorism, crises, corruption, banditry, kidnapping, and so on. Often, these come as a result of people or groups striving to occupy some positions of authority/governance. The implication of this is that the road to the seat of governance is littered with limbs, heads and body parts, as well as rivers of blood. This paper argues that literature, which is about man and his society, could be employed in fostering the positives in the body polity and the politics in the State, both in the microcosm and macrocosm. This could be done by identifying the vices and values, and then decrying the vices while espousing the positive values. Often, politics tries to bring about the desired harmony, but unfortunately, the generator cannot be the solution, hence a different medium (literature) is sought as an instrument for the ultimate elimination of the crisis. The Chronological Approach is employed for this study, which employs a folklorist play, The Placenta of Death by Sam Ukala as the text for analysis. The focus of this paper is the quest for the solution to the problem posed by the search for political relevance, which since politics cannot proffer we have to seek in literature.
Nigerian Online English: An Analysis of Its Nominal Group Structure
Authors: Udoudom Juliet Charles , Wekpa Prince
Published: August 2023

Online/Internet English is generally considered by scholars in the field of Information Communications Technology (ICT) discourse research to exhibit usage features which mark it as an emergent sub-variety of the English language (Crystal, 2005, 2011; Posteguillo, 2002). Furthermore, Tagliamonte and Denis (2008) observed that the language used on the internet possesses its own grammar, lexicon, graphology and usage conditions. In fact, there have been proposals advanced for ICT discourse research to treat Internet language as a ‘new medium’ and to investigate it as a discipline on its own terms (Crystal, 2003). This study is aimed at analysing the Nominal Group (NG) structure of English used by Nigerians on the Internet. The NG data analyzed in this study were obtained from written productions by Nigerian users of the Internet of four platforms of the social media: Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram and Twitter. The data were obtained by screenshots of discussion threads in the various media group chats, posts and comments found on the platforms studied. Using insights from the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), the isolated NG structures were analysed and found to be mainly syntactic chunks of clauses with expanded structures ‘padded’ with experiential elements which should normally be elements of clause structure. A further syntactic feature of NG constructions which was observed to occur in social media English studied is the tendency to be left-dislocated. It could be concluded that the structural variations observed in the grammar of Internet English derive from constraints of the medium, for instance, character limitation, the creative nature of language and the creative discernment of users of the Internet.
THE FIVE NARRATIVE CODES OF ROLAND BARTHES IN HERMAN MELVILLE’S “BARTLEBY, THE SCRIVENER” And its Armenian translation
Authors: Grigoryan Gohar K.
Published: August 2023

Herman Melville, one of the most influential writers of the 19th
century, wrote “Bartleby, the Scrivener”1
in 1853 for Putnam’s magazine,
which is considered one of his most representative works. His iconic short
story “Bartleby, the Scrivener” brings to light the notion of alienation of a
man in the capitalistic society. It has been a subject of intense critical
scrutiny due to its ambiguous nature and enigmatic symbols. Numerous
inconclusive debates have sparked about what truly Bartleby stands for.
Critics have been profusely fascinated by “Bartleby”, endeavoring to
unravel its mysteries. Given its cryptic and complex nature, it has entailed
various challenges for critics to interpret. Over the years, they have sought
to show different perspectives of the short story.
ՀՅ ԴԱՇՆԱԿՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆ ԱՌԱՋԱՎՈՐԱՍԻԱԿԱՆ ԵՎ ԱՐԵՎԵԼԱԵՎՐՈՊԱԿԱՆ ԵՐԿՐՆԵՐԻ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՄԱԿԱՐԳԵՐՈՒՄ 19-ՐԴ ԴԱՐԻ ՎԵՐՋԵՐԻՆ-20-ՐԴ ԴԱՐԻ ՍԿԶԲՆԵՐԻՆ Մաս երրորդ։ ՀՅԴ կապերն ու հարաբերությունները Ռուսաստանի ընդդիմադիր և հեղափոխական
կուսակցությունների հետ Ռուսական առաջին
հեղափոխության նախօրեին (1901-1904 թթ.)
Authors: Khoudinyan Gevorg S.
Published: August 2023

The article reveals that the tsarist regime in Russia, through its
branched agency network, as a result of its persistent and consistent policy
of governing oppressed peoples, exploited classes, and parties with radical
sentiments, already on the eve of the first Russian Revolution, became a
hostage of its own agency network, since its greatest dreg - Azefism – was
the embryonic stem of its future revolutionary dictatorship.
The Flexibility of Vietnam’s Tactics in Relation with the QUAD at the End of the Term of U.S. President D.Trump
Authors: Dang Bui Hai , Hiep  , Tuan Luc Minh
Published: August 2023

The restoration of the Quad Allies (Quad) in 2020 shows the changes in the size and quality of the Quad in the last period of the US President Donald Trump's term. In particular, the possibility of expanding membership of this bloc (under the Quad + structure) is increasingly concerned when Vietnam is being encouraged by all four Quad member countries to enhance bilateral and multilateral interactions. side. Therefore, Vietnam that is in a dilemma requires a flexible foreign policy both not to offend important partners in the Quad, and at the same time to keep a good relation with China. To achieve this, Vietnam's flexible behavior requires a full analysis of the trends within the Quad's structure as well as the key areas in which it will develop in the near future... This paper is to analyze the main moves in the interaction between Vietnam and the Quad in particular and within the Quad in general, initially evaluating: (i) the need for a flexible response of Vietnam in its interaction with the Quad, as well as (ii) whether the specific development trends of the Quad make Vietnam's tactic of reducing constraints cause any disadvantages. Two methodologies mainly used in the article are the retracing approach (in part 1) and research of motivation (in part 1 and 2).

The article will be structured in 3 parts: Part 1 focuses on analyzing Vietnam's tactic to reduce constraints through dynamic interactions with the Expanded Quad (Quad +), part 2 focuses on clarifying the the major trends of the Quad through the main move is intra-regional interactions through the Quad Foreign Ministers Meeting (October 4-6, 2020) and part 3 gives recommendations for Vietnam's foreign policy towards the Quad in the near future.
“Nosso mais valioso recurso”: mensurando o impacto dos programas de intercâmbio estadunidenses sobre o comportamento internacional de outros Estados
Authors: Novelli Douglas , Pereira Alexsandro Eugênio
Published: August 2023

O artigo testa a hipótese de que países tendem a apresentar um comportamento internacional mais favorável em relação aos Estados Unidos quando seus chefes de Estado tiveram contato prévio com instituições de ensino estadunidenses. Foi feito um levantamento prosopográfico dos chefes de Estado dos países que compõem o Grupo Latino-Americano e Caribenho na Organização das Nações Unidas (GRULAC-ONU), observando especificamente quais destes tiveram contato com instituições de ensino estadunidenses. Para medir o posicionamento em relação aos EUA, foi adotada como variável proxy os padrões de votação desses Estados na Assembleia Geral da ONU, comparados aos padrões de votação estadunidenses. Por se tratarem de duas variáveis dicotômicas, foi calculado o Coeficiente de Associação de Yule para verificar a força da relação entre elas. Todas as variações do teste retornaram uma associação positiva baixa, flutuando entre 0,108 e 0,202. Os resultados forneceram evidências que corroboram com a hipótese de que o contato prévio com instituições de ensino estadunidenses por parte de chefes de Estado produz uma postura mais positiva dessas nações em relação aos EUA.