bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Factor Separation Study of the Effect of Synoptic‐Scale Wind, Atmospheric Moisture and of Their Synergy on the Diurnal Temperature Range During the Israeli Summer Using the WRF Single Column Model
Authors: Rostkier-Edelstein Dorita , Rotstein Maaian , Alpert Pinhas
Published: June 2022

The trend of the decrease in the global average diurnal temperature range (DTR) is one of the clearest signals in twentieth century climate data. Regionally, DTR trends exhibit large variations. A factor separation analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of atmospheric moisture, synoptic‐scale winds, and their synergy on the DTR during the Israeli summer. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Single Column Model was run for summer representative days, at four locations in Israel. In almost all cases, the contribution of the factors and of their synergy to the DTR was dominated by their contribution to the diurnal minimum temperature, Tmin. The largest contribution resulted from atmospheric moisture, reducing the DTR. The contribution of synoptic‐scale winds showed more variability, with significant differences in both magnitude and sign on different days. The sign of the effect on Tmin depended on the relative direction and magnitude of the nocturnal synoptic‐scale wind with respect to the local wind, which in turn determined the effect on the low‐level jet (LLJ) and vertical mixing. The contribution from synergy between the two factors depended on the effect of moisture on the LLJ and on the effect of the synoptic‐scale winds on moisture advection in or out of the atmospheric column. All cases were classified into groups depending on the sign of contributions of the single factors and of their synergy when analyzing the DTR observed trends. These results highlight the importance of the synoptic wind, of its synergy with atmospheric moisture and of the feedback mechanisms.
Analysis of the association between environmental features and temperature using Decision Tree and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Wang Shiang Yu , Hung Kuo An , Lin Tzu Ping
Published: June 2022

Taiwan is located in a subtropical hot and humid climate, and there are many reasons for the Urban heat island(UHI) effect caused by the rising temperature in the city. For example, radiative heat, heat storage in buildings, and artificial heat dissipation affect microclimate changes to form a vicious cycle, which has a profound impact on climate and high-tempurature.

In this study, Taichung City was selected as the study area, and after excluding the high-altitude jurisdictions and suburban areas, the characteristic factors were introduced into the analysis software in each administrative area to obtain effective research results. Previous studies on the relationship between urban climatic characteristics and temperature have been conducted by monitoring networks, building model analysis, and environmental climate simulations, with emphasis on data collection and simulation. Because of the diversity and complexity of the environmental characteristic factors, and the difficulty of predicting the target by the past analysis,this study uses the data collected by detection instruments to analyze data in the form of Decision Trees, which can effectively reduce excessive information collection and enhance the research efficiency and reduce the cost of equipment construction. Among the environmental characteristics, the factors with higher correlation to the target values were selected for data standardization and then analyzed by Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-K Nearest Neighbor(KNN) to achieve the prediction of the target values, in order to meet the expected results of this study.

This study is dedicated to the analysis of the causes of UHI formation, and the analysis by Decision Tree research method reveals that the core area of Taichung City is affected by the surface factors of the high temperature area and the surrounding topographic conditions, resulting in microclimate hyperthermia. The results of the study showed that the percentages of the factors that affected the high temperature of the administrative area were as follows: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NVDI) was 24%, impervious area was 22%, building area density was 19%, and average building height and surface roughness were 16%. For the future application of the research results, an ANN model can be developed for the prediction of the selected high correlation factors, which can be used as a reference for the subsequent formulation of environmental regulations and the analysis of urban energy saving strategies.
Quantifying the physical processes leading to atmospheric hot extremes at a global scale
Authors: Röthlisberger Matthias , Papritz Lukas
Published: June 2022

Atmospheric hot extremes are amongst the deadliest climate hazards and a focal point of the public and scientific discourse on climate change. Yet, the relative importance of the involved physical processes, temperature advection, adiabatic warming due to subsidence, and diabatic heating, is still debated. Here, we resolve this controversy by quantifying the contributions of these processes to near surface temperature anomalies during the hottest days of the years 1979–2020 in the ERA5 data set (hereafter TX1day events) at a global scale. To this end, a novel temperature anomaly decomposition is developed which evaluates the Lagrangian temperature anomaly equation (derived from the thermodynamic energy equation) along kinematic backward trajectories. We first use this decomposition to show that the extreme near surface temperature anomalies (hereafter T') during the June 2021 heat wave in western North America were primarily produced by diabatic heating, and, to a smaller extend, by adiabatic warming, while advection did not contribute significantly. Then, we systematically decompose T' during TX1day events globally and find that their composition strongly varies geographically. Advection dominates over midlatitude oceans, adiabatic warming near mountain ranges, and diabatic heating over tropical and subtropical land masses. However, in many regions TX1day anomalies arise from a combination of these processes. The time and spatial scales of their formation are 60 hours and 1100 km in the global mean, respectively, with large variability. The formation of these extremes is, therefore, inherently non-local and features distinct formation pathways in different regions, which implies hitherto poorly explored mechanisms for changing magnitudes of hot extremes in a warming climate.
Spiral Strip Graphic
Authors: Skok Gregor
Published: June 2022

A visual graphic called Spiral strip is presented. It is loosely based on the warming stripes infographic designed and published by University of Reading climate scientist Ed Hawkings in 2019, which features a minimalistic rectangular design consisting of narrow color-coded vertical segments (stripes) arranged horizontally. The meaning of the graphic is very easy to grasp and can be intuitively understood by a casual observer. By contrast, the Spiral strip consists of color-coded segments arranged in an Archimedian spiral. With spiral geometry, the length of individual segments can be larger compared to the warming stripe, making it easier to display a longer series and provide more textual and numerical information along each segment. Also, the width and length of each individual segment can be different, which can be used to convey additional information (besides the color-coding). In order to avoid the large deformation of segments near the center (which is a typical problem for similarly looking graphics in spiral geometry), a customized coordinate system was used to define the shapes of individual segments, which in turn look less deformed near the center. Although the primary motivation for developing the new graphic was related to climate data, it can also be used with other types of data. Several examples based on climate, population size, and historical data are used to show the graphic's visual appearance and main properties. The examples also demonstrate how the meaning of the new graphics can be easy to grasp and intuitively understood by a casual observer. An easy-to-use python code package for drawing the Spiral strips was published in a public repository.
A global map of Local Climate Zones to support earth system modelling and urban scale environmental science
Authors: Demuzere Matthias , Kittner Jonas , Martilli Alberto , Mills Gerald , Moede Christian , Stewart Iain D , van Vliet Jasper , Bechtel Benjamin
Published: June 2022

There is a scientific consensus on the need for spatially detailed information on urban landscapes at a global scale. This data can support a range of environmental services, as cities are acknowledged as places of intense resource consumption and waste generation and foci of population and infrastructure that are exposed to multiple hazards of natural and anthropogenic origin. In the face of climate change, urban data is also required to explore future urbanisation pathways and urban design strategies, in order to lock in long-term resilience and sustainability, protecting cities from future decisions that could undermine their adaptability.

To serve this purpose, we present a 100m resolution global map of Local Climate Zones (LCZs), an universal urban typology that can distinguish urban areas on a holistic basis, accounting for the typical combination of micro-scale land-covers and associated physical properties. The global LCZ map, composed of 10 built and 7 natural land cover types, is generated by feeding an unprecedented amount of labeled training areas and earth observation imagery into lightweight random forest models. Its quality is assessed using a bootstrap cross validation alongside a thematic benchmark for 150 selected functional urban areas using independent global and open-source data on surface cover, surface imperviousness, building height, and anthropogenic heat.

As each LCZ type is associated with generic numerical descriptions of key urban canopy parameters that regulate atmospheric responses to urbanisation, the availability of this globally consistent and climate-relevant urban description is an important prerequisite for supporting model development and creating evidence-based climate-sensitive urban planning policies.
Addressing the need for a UK National Framework for Climate Services.
Authors: Wilson Louise , Golding Nicola , Hewitt Chris , Lowe Jason , Dunbar Tyrone , Harrison Mark
Published: June 2022

The UK has many elements of a strong National Framework for Climate Services, including national and regional networks, the UK national climate projections, and effective themed user groups which feed into activities such as the development of new climate projections. Work under the UK Climate Resilience Programme has engaged with stakeholders across the UK climate services community to understand the need and desire to develop this further. This presentation will focus on recent work funded by the UK Climate Resilience Programme on the need for a UK national framework for climate services.

The creation of a National Framework for Climate Services (NFCS) is recommended to help coordinate, facilitate, and strengthen collaboration among the UK climate services community and improve the co-production, tailoring, delivery and use of science-based climate information and services. Without an NFCS the UK will likely fail to properly benefit from the activities and legacy of current public and private sector programmes and initiatives through a lack of continuity and continued difficulties bringing together multi and trans disciplinary approaches to adaptation and building resilience.

The recommendation is made following an 18-month project which engaged with more than 80 representatives from more than 60 organisations across the UK to determine the need for and benefits of implementing an NFCS.  National Frameworks are recommended by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) led Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) and there is evidence of benefit provided by NFCS in other nations.

The UK’s framework for climate services should (1) provide a driving force and mechanism for the pull-through and implementation of new data, knowledge and practices, aligned with national adaptation and resilience priorities; (2) enable knowledge exchange by building a UK community to link up different actors, promoting common language and understanding; and (3) establish and promote good practice, quality standards, and ethical practices within the UK community, as well as engage internationally and offer leadership where appropriate through partnership and collaboration.
Estimating consistent rainfall design values for Norway using Bayesian inference and post-processing of posterior quantiles
Authors: Lutz Julia , Grinde Lars , Dyrrdal Anita Verpe , Roksvåg Thea , Thorarinsdottir Thordis L.
Published: June 2022

The necessity of reliable rainfall statistics for the planning and design of infrastructure is growing as climate change leads to more frequent heavy rainfall events. These rainfall statistics are often displayed as Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, which depict the rainfall intensity (return level) that can be expected at a certain location over a given duration and with a certain frequency or recurrence interval (return period).

The former Norwegian computational approach for IDF curves, in use until recently, was established more than 45 years ago and has never been updated. We show that this outdated method of fitting a Gumbel distribution to the heaviest precipitation events fails to reflect the return values associated with long return periods. Instead, we introduce a method based on Bayesian inference for fitting a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution to observed annual maximum precipitation for several target durations. Generally, the proposed method performs well. However, the resulting IDF curves for some stations may be inconsistent across durations and return periods due to the estimation being carried out independently across durations. To avoid this, we subject the IDF curves to a post-processing where a quantile selection algorithm searches for consistent return levels within the posterior quantiles of the Bayesian inference. The post-processing produces consistent estimates that are at least as accurate as the unadjusted, inconsistent estimates.

Unlike before, the resulting new IDF curves feature uncertainty intervals that are derived directly from the Bayesian approach. The curves are presented to the users on the homepage of the Norwegian Centre for Climate Services (https://klimaservicesenter.no).
Future change of global photovoltaic power potential in a warming world
Authors: Scheele Robert , Fiedler Stephanie
Published: June 2022

Photovoltaic power production strongly depends on meteorological conditions. Influencing factors are the air temperature and wind speed at the photovoltaic module, as well as changes in irradiance caused by humidity, clouds and aerosols. Here we analyse the global photovoltaic (PV) power potential and compare the changes therefore between a historical time period (1985 to 2014) and possible futures (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) at the end of the 21st century (2071-2100). To that end, we use an ensemble of more than 12 CMIP6 models with interactive aerosol schemes and estimate the potential photovoltaic power generation following Crook et al. (2011). We calculate the change in the PV power potential associated with surface irradiance, temperature, and wind speed between the future and the past, and divide the change in PV power generation into contributions from changes in temperature, cloud cover, humidity, aerosols and wind speed.
Our results point to a global decrease in future PV power potentials due to the rising air temperatures and the associated increase of humidity by -1.2% to more than -3.5% depending on the future scenario. The contribution from changes in cloud cover and aerosols have heterogeneous spatial patterns, with typically stronger influences in SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP1-2.6, e.g. for the clouds. The contribution by clouds is mostly positive, but has a negative effect for PV power potential in the pole regions, over India, and equatorial oceans. The models also show a large spread in their contributions from clouds, especially over Europe and North America. The future change in the contributions from aerosols has beneficial effects for PV power production over Europe and China in all scenarios assesses, but over South-America, Australia and Africa, the contributions from aerosols are positive in SSP1-2.6 but negative in SSP5-8.5 owing to the different behaviour in anthropogenic aerosols and of natural desert-dust emissions. Our study highlights the impacts of CMIP6 model uncertainty in the future development of aerosol burden, the magnitude of future warming, and the unclear response of clouds to warming on estimating future PV power potentials.
A Case Study on the Soil Temperature Cooling Mechanism by Convective Cold Pools using Observation Network Data
Authors: Seo Jaemyeong Mango , Hohenegger Cathy , Shokri Nima , Nevermann Hannes
Published: June 2022

Convective cold pool is an air mass that is relatively colder than its surrounding air, and is mainly generated by latent cooling of precipitating hydrometeor in convective clouds. As it spreads out, it interacts with the surrounding air through entrainment and with the surface/soil through latent/sensible heat fluxes. In this study, we investigate how the surface/soil thermodynamic properties are affected by the passage of convective cold pools. To that aim, we use observational network data including atmospheric and surface/soil measurements, which were obtained from the intensive measurement campaign FESSTVaL that took place in Lindenberg, Germany in the summer of 2021. For this study, three cold pool cases are selected for analysis. All the observations show a clear decrease in air temperature as well as in surface temperature associated with the passage of the cold pools, but only some of the observations also show a decrease in soil temperature. Analysis reveals that the soil is more likely to cool when the soil is also wettened by precipitation. To understand the mechanism by which the increase in soil moisture affects the decrease in soil temperature, we conduct a simple ideal thermal diffusion model that mimics the passage of a cold pool and the propagation of the signal into the soil. The ideal model results reproduce well the observed soil temperature changes, and shows that the increase in soil moisture due to precipitation affects the heat capacity and the thermal conductivity of the soil, allowing the cold signal to propagate into the soil.
Assessment of nocturnal low-level jets in ERA5 and ERA-Interim reanalysis 
Authors: Weide Luiz Eduardo , Fiedler Stephanie
Published: June 2022

Nocturnal low-Level Jets (NLLJ) are maxima in the vertical profile of the horizontal wind speed in the lowest hundreds of meters of the troposphere. NLLJ impacts have been noted in many research fields and applications, e.g., air traffic, forest fire propagation, aerosol transport, and wind power production. The present study assesses NLLJs in ERA5 reanalysis of ECMWF in comparison to the predecessor product ERA-Interim and a novel observational dataset for Lindenberg (Germany) developed by DWD. The observational reference data is a composite of measurements for the years 2014 to 2018 from a meteorological tower limited to levels below 100 m a.g.l. and from a Doppler Wind Lidar for data above 100 m. The NLLJs are evaluated in three (six) hourly data from ERA5 (ERA-Interim) against the observations by applying an automated detection algorithm for NLLJs. Specifically, the NLLJ frequency of occurrence, core height and wind speed are statistically analysed and compared. The results for 2014 so far show an improvement in the NLLJ occurrence in the most recent reanalysis, with probability of detection (POD) of 49% (33%) and false alarm rate (FAR) of 27% (42%) for ERA5 (ERA-Interim). Both ERA5 and ERA-Interim qualitatively reproduce the month-to-month differences in the NLLJ numbers. We see also an improvement of the NLLJ core wind speed in ERA5 compared to ERA-Interim, with mean differences of +0.5 m/s (+1.6 m/s) for ERA5 (ERA-Interim) relative to the composite data. The core of NLLJs is too high in both reanalyses, with mean differences of 63m (27m) for ERA5 (ERA-Interim). Furthermore, we compared ERA5 against the composite data for all five available years. The POD and FAR are similar to 2014, with no clear period of the year with a better performance. The year with the best reproduction of NLLJs was 2018, with a POD of 52% and FAR of 27%, and March was the best month, with POD 67% of and FAR of 27%. The mean wind speed difference in the NLLJ core assessed across all years was only 0.01 m/s lower in the ERA5 re-analyses compared to the observation, while the mean core height was overestimated by 69 m. Taken together, we see an improvement of the wind profile and the representation of NLLJs in ERA5 compared to ERA-Interim, although further work is needed for representing the NLLJ heights and frequency of occurrence with a higher precision. Ongoing work includes the development of a better understanding of the spatiotemporal differences in the occurrence and properties of NLLJs in Europe and beyond.
Technical Note: Best of both worlds? Combining undisturbed soil monoliths for indoor runoff experiments
Authors: Ramler David , Strauss Peter
Published: June 2022

Abstract. A major decision in soil hydrological research is whether to conduct experiments outdoor or indoors. Both approaches have their advantages and trade-offs. Using undisturbed soil monoliths combines some of the advantages of outdoor and indoor experiments, however, there are often size limitations. While push-methods can be used for small- to medium-sized soil blocks, acquiring larger monoliths necessitates heavy machinery. A promising approach is the combination of smaller blocks to a single large monolith, thereby optimizing cost and labour efficiency as well as representativity and upscaling potential. To this end, we compared the runoff properties of medium-sized (1x 0.5 x 0.35 m) grassland soil monoliths cut in half and re-combined with uncut blocks. We conducted artificial runoff experiments and analyzed the outflow from four flow pathways (surface runoff, subsurface interflow, percolating water, laterally exported water) and surface runoff velocity parameters. Our results suggest that the effects of the re-combination procedure are negligible compared to the variation in the data caused by the inherent soil heterogeneity. Further research is needed for a definite conclusion. Nevertheless, we propose that the benefits of combining soil monoliths outweigh the potential disadvantages.
Earthquake-induced landslides in Haiti: analysis of seismotectonic and possible climatic influences
Authors: Havenith Hans-Balder , Guerrier Kelly , Schlögel Romy , Braun Anika , Ulysse Sophia , Mreyen Anne-Sophie , Victor Karl-Henry , Saint-Fleur Newdeskarl , Cauchie Léna , Boisson Dominique , Prépetit Claude
Published: June 2022

Abstract. First analyses of landslide distribution and triggering factors are presented for the region affected by the August, 14, 2021, earthquake (Mw=7.2) in the Nippes Department, Haiti. Landslide mapping was mainly carried out by comparing pre- and post-event remote imagery (~0.5–1-m resolution) available on Google Earth Pro® and Sentinel-2 (10-m resolution) satellite images. The first covered about 50 % of the affected region (for post-event imagery and before completion of the map in January 2022), the latter were selected to cover the entire potentially affected zone. On the basis of the completed landslide inventory, comparisons are made with catalogues compiled by others both for the August 2021 and the January 2010 seismic events, including one open inventory (by the United States Geological Survey) that was also used for further statistical analyses. Additionally, we studied the pre-2021 earthquake slope stability conditions. These comparisons show that the total number of landslides mapped for the 2021 earthquake (7091) is larger than the one recently published by another research team for the same event, but it is also clearly smaller than the one observed by two other research teams for the 2010 earthquake (e.g., 23,567, for the open inventory). However, these apparently fewer landslides triggered in 2021 cover much wider areas of slopes (>80 km2) than those induced by the 2010 event (~25 km2 – considering the open inventory). A simple statistical analysis indicates that the lower number of 2021-landslides can be explained by the missing detection of the smallest landslides triggered in 2021, partly due to the lower resolution imagery available for most of the areas affected by the recent earthquake; this is also confirmed by an inventory completeness analysis based on size-frequency statistics. The much larger total area of landslides triggered in 2021, compared to the 2010 earthquake, can be related to different physical reasons: a) the larger earthquake magnitude in 2021; b) the more central location of the fault segment that ruptured in 2021 with respect to coastal zones; c) and possible climatic preconditioning of slope instability in the 2021-affected area. These observations are supported by (1) a new pre-2021 earthquake landslide map, (2) rainfall distribution maps presented for different periods (including October 2016 – when Hurricane Matthew had crossed the western part of Haiti), covering both the 2010 and 2021 affected zones, as well as (3) shaking intensity prediction maps.
Impact of the wind field at the complex-terrain site Perdigão on the surface pressure fluctuations of a wind turbine
Authors: Wenz Florian , Langner Judith , Lutz Thorsten , Krämer Ewald
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The surface pressure fluctuations, which are a source of low-frequency noise emissions, are numerically investigated on a 2 MW wind turbine under different inflow conditions. In order to evaluate the impact of a complex-terrain flow, a computational setup is presented that is aimed at reproducing a realistic flow field in the complex terrain in Perdigão, Portugal. A precursor simulation with the steady-state atmospheric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code E-Wind is used, which was calibrated with meteorological (met) mast data to generate a site- and situation-specific inflow for a high-resolution delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDES) with FLOWer. A validation with lidar and met mast data reveals a good agreement of the flow field in the vicinity of the turbine in terms of mean wind speed and wind direction, whereas the turbulence intensity is slightly underestimated. Further downstream in the valley and on the second ridge, the deviations between simulation and measurement become significantly larger. The geometrically resolved turbine is coupled to the structural solver SIMPACK and simulated both in the complex terrain and in flat terrain with simpler inflows as reference. The surface pressure fluctuations are evaluated on the tower and blades. It is found that the periodic pressure fluctuations at the tower sides and back are dominated by vortex shedding, which strongly depends on the inflow and is reduced by inflow turbulence. However, the dominant pressure fluctuations on the upper part of the tower, which are caused by the blade–tower interaction, remain almost unchanged by the different inflows. The predominant pressure fluctuations on the blades occur with the rotation frequency. They are caused by a combination of rotor tilt, vertical wind shear and inclined flow and are thus strongly dependent on the inflow and the surrounding terrain. The inflow turbulence masks fluctuations at higher harmonics of the blade–tower interaction with its broadband characteristic caused by the interaction of the leading edge and the inflow turbulence.
The use of laser scanners in documenting cultural history
Authors: BALCI Davut
Published: June 2022

Cultural heritage is all tangible or intangible assets that carry traces of the past of the society, as well as transferring knowledge in terms of social, political, cultural accumulation and technical equipment used. Once the tangible or intangible cultural heritage is destroyed, it cannot be replaced, so it must be made sustainable, protected and documented. Different techniques have been applied for the documentation of cultural heritages in the past and today. These techniques can be divided into traditional and technological. Although traditional techniques are insufficient for damaged or sensitive detail measurements, they have begun to be abandoned due to their low sensitivity and slowness. Today, traditional documentation techniques have been replaced by technological documentation techniques with fast, optimal cost, high accuracy and precision. Some of the technological documentation techniques; documenting with total station, GNSS, lidar, photogrammetry and laser scanning technique. In this study, the definition and importance of cultural heritage is explained and the comparison of traditional and technological methods; the subtleties of the laser scanning technique, which is one of the technological methods, and its comparison with other techniques; Classification of laser scanners, working principles of laser scanners and technical features of terrestrial laser scanners of some commercial companies are explained. As a result, this study will answer the question of why I should / should not use laser scanning technique in the documentation of a cultural heritage and can be used as a base for future studies.
Historical Population Database of Transylvania. Sources, Particularities, Challenges, and Early Findings
Authors: Dumănescu Luminița , Hărăguș Mihaela , Lumezeanu Angela , Holom Elena Crinela , Hegedűs Nicoleta , Mârza Daniela , Covaci Diana , Bolovan Ioan
Published: June 2022

The Historical Population Database of Transylvania (HPDT) is a research tool for population studies developed since 2014 at the Centre for Population Studies in Cluj-Napoca, financed by an SEE-Norway Grant. HPDT employs a source-oriented approach for recording data from the parish registers kept by the Transylvanian churches, focusing primarily on the main vital events such as births, marriages, and deaths. The data entry process was followed by the standardization of various information, such as names, occupations, locations and causes of death, thus allowing the initiation of a linkage process. The database has already been employed in a wide-ranging series of analyses conducted on datasets extracted from HPDT, which include infant and adult mortality, nuptiality and age at first marriage, social mobility, and the medicalization of childbirth. The wealth of information it includes will enable many more scientific investigations.
Directed Self-Explanation in the Study of Statistics
Authors:   Maastricht University, Broers Nick , Mur Marieke ,   Maastricht University, Budé Luc ,   Maastricht University
Published: June 2022

Constructivist learning theory has suggested that students can only obtain conceptual understanding of a knowledge domain by actively trying to integrate new concepts and ideas into their existing knowledge framework. In practice, this means that students will have to explain novel ideas, concepts, and principles to themselves. Various methods have been developed that aim to stimulate the student to self-explain. In this study, two such methods were contrasted in a randomized experiment. In one condition students were stimulated to self-explain in an undirected way. In the other the stimulus to self-explain was directed. We examined whether the directive method leads to a greater level of conceptual understanding. To assess conceptual understanding we asked students to construct a concept map and to take a 10-item multiple-choice test. The results are somewhat contradictory but do suggest that the directive method may be of value. We discuss the possibility of integrating that method in the statistics curriculum.
Statistical Literacy Curriculum Design
Authors:   Augsburg College, Schield Milo
Published: June 2022

College-level students pursuing majors that don’t require a quantitative course still need a statistical literacy course that helps them develop the skills to evaluate arguments that use statistics as evidence. Such a course should entail utility in everyday use such that statistical literacy results in a lasting appreciation of the value of statistics as needed in everyday life, civic life, and professional life as a data consumer. A course designed to promote statistical literasy should help students understand and analyze various influences on the size and direction of a statistical association and should include key topics in conditional probability, confounding, and the vulnerability of statistical significance to confounding. This paper describes some new ways of presenting these ideas that are based on the results of field trials conducted in connection with the W. M. Keck Statistical Literacy project at Augsburg College. After studying statistical literacy, 43 percent of Augsburg students strongly agreed that the course helped them develop critical thinking skills and 18 percent strongly agreed that successful completion of the course should become requirement for graduation.
Integrating Technologically-Based Laboratory Modules into the Stochastic Processes Curriculum
Authors:   New Mexico State University, Matis Timothy , Riley Linda Ann ,   New Mexico State University, Matis James ,   Texas A&M University
Published: June 2022

This paper describes a new and innovative approach to the instruction of applied stochastic processes at institutions of higher education and a method for introducing this topic to K-12 students for pre-course motivation. This approach consists of incorporating laboratory modules via digital video media that present real-world applications of stochastic processes into coursework. The modules engage the students in problem solving, thereby creating a conceptual framework for learning the subject. The pedagogy behind this instructional approach and module content is described in this paper. Preliminary evaluations are presented for assessment purposes from a pilot implementation of the modules at the collegiate level.
Statistics Education for Junior High Schools in China
Authors:   East China Normal University, Jun Li
Published: June 2022

The Ministry of Education of China is pushing a reform to include statistics and probability in its national elementary and secondary curriculum. The new Standards, Standards-based textbooks, and some preliminary feedback from teachers will be illustrated in this paper.
Meminimalisir Biaya Pengiriman Barang Dengan Metode Vogel Approximation Pada PT XYZ
Authors: Rahmi Hanifatul , Azmi Azmi , Fitra Fitra , Wardayanti Trisma
Published: June 2022

Saat ini, dunia sedang dipaksa untuk tetap berada di rumah termasuk Indonesia. Maraknya kasus COVID-19 semakin hari kian bertambah, sehingga membuat pemerintah menetapkan peraturan tentang protokol kesehatan, salah satunya adalah menjaga jarak atau tidak berkumpul di tempat umum. Pemanfaatan teknologi di masa pandemi ini merupakan peran penting dalam mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih, mampu menawarkan kegiatan penggunaan jasa pengiriman barang. Dengan ragam biaya yang berbeda antara perusahaan satu dan lainnya, PT XYZ hadir dengan pelayanan dan penghematan biaya seoptimal mungkin, sehingga PT XYZ tetap mendapat keuntungan di masa pandemi seperti ini serta masyarakat selalu mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meminimalisir biaya pengiriman barang pada PT XYZ menggunakan metode Vogel Approximation
Rancang Bangun Sistem Automatic Touchless Mask Machine Upaya Pengendalian Penggunaan Masker di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Masriani Masriani , Alam Sahrul , Arham Arham
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk dalam hal ini berupa Rancang Bangun Sistem Automatic Touchless Mask Machine Dalam Upaya Pengendalian Penggunaan Masker Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 untuk memudahkan masyarakat mengambil masker ditempat-tempat umum ketika lupa membawa masker ataupun tidak mempunyai masker. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian D&D (Desigh & Development) dengan model pengembangan waterfall. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu angket, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini telah melalui uji coba serta hasil analisis data yang diperoleh sesuai denga apa yang diharapkan oleh tim peneliti. Hasil pengujian fungsionality dalam hal ini dilakukan oleh 2 orang validator ahli atau expert dibidang teknologi pada produk berfungsi sesuai dengan rancangan awal, dan untuk hasil pengujian pengguna terdapat 19 responden yang memberikan nilai dengan persentase 76%-100% (Sangat Layak). Sedangkan 1 responden lainnya memberikan nilai dengan persentase 51%-75% (Baik).
Desain Reaktor Pembangkit Acetylene Menggunakan Metode Kano
Authors: Yusrizal Yusrizal , Wiroto Noto
Published: June 2022

Pengelasan oxy-acetylene digunakan untuk proses pemanasan material dan pengelasan pada pelat tipis atau baja karbon rendah, masalah utama pengelasan acetylene yaitu hasil dari pengelasan tidak optimal karena gas asetilen mengandung banyak kadar air dan sulitnya mobilitas pada pengoperasian pada keadaan tertentu karena bangunan dari alat pengelasan bersifat statis serta adanya api-balik yang dapat memicu meledaknya tabung penyimpanan gas. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada februari – april 2021 dengan melakukan survey dan membandingkan pada produk yang sudah ada di pasaran dan dibuat sebuah rancangan produk dan dilakukan pengujian sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna reaktor pembangkit acetylene.Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil dari rancangan ini dapat mengatasi solusi dari permasalahan dalam menghasilkan gas acetylene dengan menyimpan pada tabung induk dengan kapasitas 6 bar dan retor terpisah sehinngga dapat mempermudah dalam operasional dan memberikan keamanan saat penggunaan serta perawatan yang mudah
Penerapan Metode Analytical Network Pocess dalam Pemilihan Supplier di UMKM Kerupuk Kulit Sapi
Authors: Mesra Trisna , Sari Putri Indra , Melliana Melliana
Published: June 2022

Pemilihan supplier merupakan alur kegiatan supply chain dan keputusan strategis yang dapat meningkatkan keunggulan kompetitif bagi UMKM. Perusahaan yang memiliki banyak alternatif supplier harus selektif dalam memilih supplier dengan cara Sistem Evaluasi dan Seleksi Supplier (SESS) yang baik. Beberapa UMKM yang memproduksi kerupuk kulit sapi di kota Dumai mengalami permasalahan terkait pemilihan supplier dikarenakan performa supplier yang kurang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu UMKM kerupuk kulit di kota Dumai dalam memiliih supplier yang tepat dalam memenuhi bahan baku kulit sapi. Sistem pendukung keputusan yang digunakan adalah metode analitycal network process, Dengan metode ANP dapat diketahui bobot setiap kriteria maupun subkriteria dan performance supplier terbaik tiap alternatif sehingga akan diketahui supplier terbaik yang dapat dijadikan pemasok tetap. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh urutan prioritas kriteria bahan baku kulit yaitu: kualitas, harga, pengiriman, pelayanan. Kriteria kualitas dan subkriteria tebal kerupuk menjadi fokus terpenting dari usaha kerupuk kulit. Berikut alternatif supplier terbaik berdasarkan kriteria dan subkriteria adalah palembang dengan bobot 0,400 ( 40% ) Medan 0,398 (39,8%) dan Jakarta 0,202 (20,2%)
Optimasi Fungsi Pembelajaran Backpropagation dalam Mengklasifikasikan Pasien Kanker Paru Pasca Operasi
Authors: Fera Damayanti  , Rismayanti Rismayanti
Published: June 2022

Backpropagation merupakan bagian dari Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST) yang berlapis banyak. Dalam penelitian sebelumnya tentang Penerapan JST Metode Backpropagation Dalam Mengklasifikasikan Pasien Pasca Operasi Kanker Paru hasil klasifikasi didapat berdasarkan bentuk arsitektur terbaik, laju pembelajaran (learning rate) dan hanya menggunakan satu fungsi backpropagation yaitu Levenberg-Marquart (trainlm). Backpropagation memiliki bermacam-macam fungsi pembelajaran untuk bobot-botot yang terdapat di Matlab yaitu Gradient Descent dengan Momentum (traingdm), Gradient Descent dengan Adaptive Learning Rate (traingda), Resilent Backpropagation(traingrp) dan lain sebagainya. Yang mana fungsi-fungsi tersebut memiliki hasil yang berbeda-beda dalam melakukan pembelajaran. Untuk mengetahui fungsi mana yang terbaik dalam melakukan klasifikasi maka perlu dilakukan analisis pada masing-masing fungsi pembelajaran. Dalam proses pembelajaran Berdasarkan pelatihan dan pengujian dengan merubah arsitektur hidden layer yaitu 2, 7, 14, 32, dan 70 pada masing-masing fungsi pembelajaran. Fungsi pembelajaran yang memiliki epoch terkecil adalah TRAINLM dengan hidden layer 70 menghasilkan 11 epoch dan MSE 0,00955. Sedangkan fungsi pembelajaran yang menghasilkan MSE terkecil adalah TRAINOSS dengan hidden layer 7 sebesar 0,0071 dan 6278 epoch. Hasil pengujian pada 10 data uji didapat hasil keakuratan sebesar 70%  backpropagation dalam mengenali target.
Identitèmes littéraires, roman national et chansons dans la France de l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Charbonnier Gil
Published: June 2022

L’article traite de la question des identitèmes et tout particulièrement de ceux qui contiennent le mot « France ». La période choisie, l’entre-deux-guerres, est une période féconde pour ce type de productions, en raison du nouveau positionnement géopolitique de la France après la Grande Guerre.  Dans cette perspective, l’article étudie le lien entre roman national et création langagière. L’auteur analyse certaines mutations sociologiques afin de comprendre comment des identitèmes de l’entre-deux-guerres, tel « Douce France », ont pu nourrir des conflits d’identité, qui sont encore actifs aujourd’hui.
Destrucción mortífera en los relatos de Boris Vian
Authors: Cortijo Talavera Adela
Published: June 2022

Este estudio propone un acercamiento a la recurrencia temática de la muerte de los personajes en los relatos vianescos, ligados a la destrucción abrupta y explosiva del espacio como alusión significativa del paso inexorable del tiempo y como reacción violenta a la usura de la enfermedad. El gran número y variedad de asesinatos y suicidios que se producen en sus narraciones breves merecen un análisis ya que parecen responder a un alegato propuesto por Boris Vian de libertad y lucidez y a una figuración de las relaciones de víctima y verdugo que, muy a menudo, se establecen en sus ficciones. La enfermedad está enlazada al elemento acuático mórbido y la superficie del agua estancada se liga a la obsesión vianesca por el doble y la muerte. Muerte que él prefiere voluntaria y violenta –a menudo jocosa con tintes de humor negro– por caída o decapitación.
Éléments pour une écopoétique dibienne
Authors: Blanchaud Corinne
Published: June 2022

L’article tend à dégager des éléments constitutifs d’une écopoétique dibienne en s’appuyant sur les deux trilogies, algérienne et nordique. Partant de la représentation de la terre et, notamment, de la ville d’origine de l’auteur, il identifie la transposition poétique de cette représentation comme entité joignant unité et diversité. Son premier objectif est ainsi de définir ce qui caractérise le lieu d’ancrage, et la façon dont, poétiquement, se dessinent les conditions d’un habitat, entendu comme oikos, abri, refuge, part appropriée d’espace. Il s’intéresse ensuite à la position de l’homme en ce lieu et à partir de ce lieu, et à la porosité et au passage du dedans vers le dehors et vice-versa. Il montre comment le protagoniste dibien, observateur et guetteur, peut s’ouvrir au monde et devenir aventurier et explorateur quand il répond à l’injonction du dehors.
De comment franchir la frontière homme-animal par la fiction : Sylva ou le pouvoir de devenir femme
Authors: Hernández Gómez María de los Ángeles
Published: June 2022

Sylva (1961) fait partie des romans de l’œuvre de l’écrivain français Vercors consacrés à la mise en fiction de la frontière homme-animal. Théorisée dans son essai La sédition humaine (1949), cette limite ontologique soulève des questions multiples, auxquelles l’auteur essayera de répondre par la création littéraire. Dans Sylva, Vercors met en scène la métamorphose d’une renarde en femme. Il s’agira dans cet article d’analyser la représentation littéraire de ce processus et d’étudier dans quelle mesure un tel changement permet de nuancer ou contredire la pensée vercorienne au sujet de la barrière entre la bête et l’être humain.
La rencontre entre l'humain et l'animal dans Un homme obscur de Marguerite Yourcenar
Authors: Gharbi Myriam
Published: June 2022

Un homme obscur a été considéré par plusieurs critiques comme le testament écologique de Marguerite Yourcenar. La mort que choisit Nathanaël, à l’extérieur, dans un creux de la forêt insulaire, est semblable à celle d’une bête. La transformation du personnage qui a lieu tout au long de la diégèse, relève d’un changement intérieur et comportemental. Elle est déclenchée par ses rencontres successives avec l’animal. Ce sont les animaux qui permettront au jeune homme faible et malade de s’émanciper des contraintes civilisationnelles, de franchir les frontières délimitées par la société, pour une union avec la nature.
La escolarización femenina en África: la visión de las escritoras
Authors: Cuasante Fernández Elena
Published: June 2022

Durante los años que duró la dominación colonial del continente negro, la escuela jugó un papel decisivo para llevar a cabo la tan conocida “misión civilizadora” de la población indígena. Aunque se trata de un tema ya estudiado por historiadores y críticos literarios especializados en África, pocos han sido los que se han preocupado por describir el choque cultural e identitario que el acceso a la escuela provocaría en la población femenina. En el presente trabajo intentaremos, a través de los escasos estudios publicados sobre el tema y a partir de las primeras obras literarias femeninas escritas en África, analizar y visibilizar esta parte olvidada de la historia.
Building the Bonds: A Comparison of Diaspora Engagement Policies in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan
Authors: Urpekova Amina
Published: June 2022

Diaspora are thought to have political, economic, and social potential in both home and host countries. They are a source of economic investments and remittances for home countries, which can account for a significant portion of a country’s GDP in some cases. The diaspora’s expertise, knowledge, and skills can help social and cultural development in the country of origin. To gain access to these economic, social, and political resources, countries of origin develop diaspora engagement policies and incorporate the diaspora into national political discourse. Central Asian countries are developing relationships with diasporas and compatriot communities, as well as implementing state diaspora engagement policies, while taking diaspora capacity and migration outflow into account. However, the historical, political, economic, and social characteristics of the region’s countries have an impact on policy content and implementation. This paper investigates and compares the main characteristics of Central Asian countries’ diaspora policies, as well as seeks to comprehend and reveal the nature of the state governance system’s impact on diaspora relations. Two Central Asian countries, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, have been chosen as case studies to examine with document analysis methodology from 2016 to the present, as this period coincides with policy activation in both countries.