bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in Touch Avoidance, Stress, and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy
Authors: Passarelli Marcello , Casetta Laura , Rizzi Luca , Perrella Raffaella , Maniaci Giuseppe , La Barbera Daniele
Published: July 2022

In the present study we analyzed how attitudes toward touch have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in an Italian sample, through two different studies: in the first we contacted participants of the Italian validation study of the Touch Avoidance Questionnaire, asking them to take part in a follow-up study (N = 31, 64.5% women, age 42.58 ± 15.15); in the second we recruited a new sample of 717 people (73.92% women, age 34.25 ± 13.11), comparing it to the full validation sample of the Touch Avoidance Questionnaire (N = 335, 64.48% women, age = 35.82 ± 14.32) to further investigate the relationship between the pandemic, stress responses, fear of contagion, anxiety, and attitudes toward touch. Overall, we found higher post-pandemic scores for touch avoidance toward strangers and family members and lower scores in touch avoidance toward friends of either gender, along with a slight increase in anxiety and stress. Touch avoidance was also positively related to anxiety and/or stress levels except for touch avoidance toward same-sex friends, for which the relationship with anxiety was negative. Surprisingly, we found that young people were the most anxious, despite older people being more at-risk of dying from COVID-19. Women were slightly more stressed out. COVID-19-related fears were significant predictors of touch avoidance toward partners, friends and strangers, but not of touch avoidance toward family. The results suggest that touch avoidance increased during the pandemic (except toward same-sex friends), together with anxiety and stress levels, but the change was relatively small.
Development of an Online Multilingual Educational Programme for Parents of Dual-Career Athletes: A Participatory Design
Authors: Capranica Laura , Guidotti Flavia , Gonçalves Carlos , Blondel Laurence , Bovis Matteo , Costa Rute , Debois Nadine , Figueiredo Antonio , MacDonncha Ciaran , Pecnikar-Oblak Viktorija , Patoret Jean-Luc , Pišl Andrej , Rheinisch Eoin , Rolo Ana , Ryan Gary , Templet Anne , Tessitore Antonio , Warrington Giles , Doupona Mojca
Published: July 2022

There is a need for educational support structures to empower parents in sustaining talented athletes pursuing academic and sports careers (e. g., dual career). The present work describes the participatory design used to develop a series of educational resources and the subsequent iterations used to evaluate the content of the EMPATIA online education programme for parents of dual-career athletes. Following an ethnographic approach, the project team (18 dual-career experts) engaged in four iterations (i.e., rounds) planned to develop (rounds 1 and 2) educational material from preliminary evidence (systematic literature review) and eminence (focus groups and concept mapping) knowledge and to evaluate the educational programme (round 3 and 4) engaging end users (n = 76) and other stakeholders (9 dual-career experts). The EMPATIA programme was developed and organized in four modules labeled after macro-aspects, parents could ask about dual career: “Why” (the definition and challenges of dual career for athletes and their parents), “What” (insights, guidelines, and suggestions on the parental role in support of student-athletes), “How” (practical advice on planning dual career at sports and academic levels, and post-sports careers), and “Where” (finding legal information or counseling on dual career). Despite overall positive evaluations of the programme, parents of dual-career athletes attributed higher scores with respect to those of dual-career experts. The participatory approach presented in this work enables developers to apply a systematic and multidisciplinary approach toward the creation of educational programmes for parents. The cooperation among dual-career researchers, experts from high-performance centers, Olympic bodies, sports clubs, and parents of elite student-athletes of different sports and nationalities created an educational programme suitable for end users to support parenting athletes in combining their sports and academic careers.
A teaching design of ecological class based on immersive virtual reality spatial fusion
Authors: Liu Wenyuan
Published: July 2022

This study investigated the effectiveness of the teaching design scheme called the Immersive Virtual Reality Teaching Model (IVRTM) on a small learner population at the researcher’s university. The study was based on one-term experimental teaching among the undergraduates. An ecological class was set up, extending classroom teaching to 3-layer teaching space, including a physical layer (classroom-based), an information layer (internet-based), and a virtual-reality layer (VR-based). The research aimed (1) to create an online-offline spatial ecological learning environment for higher learning efficiency with a series of learning activities, (2) to uncover the learning effectiveness of VR assistance in oral English, and (3) to acquire the students’ attitudes toward the IVRTM. The study approaches involved literature review, empirical method, questionnaire, interviews, and data analysis. The findings would have a positive significance for the promotion of new technology applications in SLA teaching and provide novel and preliminary references for teachers pursuing an effective teaching design of ecological classes based on IVR spatial fusion.
Reliability and validity of 30-15 intermittent fitness test for cardiorespiratory fitness assessment among infantry members of Slovenian armed forces: A study protocol
Authors: Paravlic Armin H. , Simunic Bostjan , Pisot Rado , Rauter Samo , Vodicar Janez
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) testing is routinely performed by most armed and tactical forces around the world as part of their recruitment process for new members or simply as an annual examination of their personnel. A 2-mile run (2MR) test is among the most commonly used. However, as it is performed outdoors, weather, climate, and terrain can influence the results and often limit the maximum performance. Also, this test has been shown to be difficult for individuals because the pacing strategy is self-paced. As such, it does not reflect the real situation on the battlefield, where most activities are externally driven by the environment and the enemy. Therefore, we believe that the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT) may be a suitable tool for measuring CRF and battle readiness of military personnel. Moreover, given the importance of visual attention to military personnel we aim to investigate the differences in visual attention between better and less physically prepared infantry members and its corresponding response to maximal endurance running test.

Methods and analysis

This randomized cross-over study using a within-subjects test-retest design will enroll 32 infantry members of the Slovenian Armed Forces. To investigate the reliability and validity of the 30-15IFT test, an incremental treadmill test (TR), a 2MR test, and two identical 30-15IFT will be performed in randomized order. Additionally, participants will be subsequently divided into two groups based on their score on the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), whereas differences in visual attention will be assessed by using the d2 test. The primary analysis will assess differences in key physiological outcomes between the different CRF tests (TR vs. 2MR vs. 30-15IFT). In addition, the relative reliability of all dependent variables between two 30-15IFT trials will be estimated by interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), while relationship between maximal oxygen uptake, heart rate and maximal running speed of 30-15IFT, TR and 2MR will be assessed using Pearson’s correlation.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the National Medical Ethics Committee (reference number: 0120-495/2021/6). The results of the proposed study will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Clinical Trial Registration

[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05218798].
A comparison between different ways to assess demands-abilities fit in higher education: Empirical results and recommendations for research practice
Authors: Bohndick Carla , Breetzke Jonas , Rosman Tom
Published: July 2022

Researchers studying person-environment fit can choose between various measurement approaches. Even though these measures are distinctly different, they often get used interchangeably, which makes interpreting the results of person-environment fit studies difficult. In the present article, we contrast the most commonly used measurement approaches for person-environment fit in higher education and compare them in terms of explained variance. We obtained data on the fit as well as subjective and objective study-related outcomes of N = 595 university students. We analyzed the fit between the demands of the study program and the abilities of the student, using the algebraic, squared and absolute difference score, response surface analysis (RSA), and direct fit as measurement approaches. Our results indicate that RSA explains the most variance for objective outcomes, and that direct fit explains the most variance for subjective outcomes. We hope that this contribution will help researchers distinguish the different measurement approaches of demands-abilities fit (and ultimately person-environment fit) and use them accordingly.
Caregiver Strategies to Sensory Features for Children With Autism and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Little Lauren M. , Ausderau Karla , Freuler Ashley , Sideris John , Baranek Grace T.
Published: July 2022

Background

Caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and developmental disabilities (DD) implement myriad strategies to support their children during daily activities and routines, which are laden with sensory stimuli. Children’s sensory features are often characterized by three patterns of response (i.e., hyperresponsiveness, hyporesponsiveness, sensory seeking), and little is known about how caregivers’ strategies differ among these patterns. Therefore, we used a mixed methods analysis to examine the complex interplay between children’s sensory response patterns, child characteristics (diagnosis, chronological age, mental age), and caregiver strategies. Specifically, we examined how children’s sensory response pattern scores were associated with caregiver strategies within sensory response pattern and at the item level. Lastly, we described the differential strategies implemented by caregivers of children with ASD and DD by sensory response pattern.

Materials and Methods

Participants included children with ASD (n = 77) and DD (n = 40) aged 2–10 years. Caregivers completed the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire-2.1. A convergent parallel mixed methods approach was used to analyze data.

Results

Children’s sensory response pattern scores were significantly, positively associated with caregiver strategies within each sensory pattern (hyperresponsiveness, hyporesponsiveness, seeking); however, child mental age, and chronological age were not significantly related to the rate of caregiver strategies across patterns. While caregivers of children with ASD reported using more strategies, child diagnosis did not moderate the association between child sensory response pattern scores and the rate of caregiver strategies used. Item analysis demonstrated specific child behaviors in response to sensory stimuli that elicited high rates of strategies among caregivers. Qualitative analysis revealed distinct themes characterized caregiver strategies within each sensory pattern for children with ASD and DD.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrated specificity of caregiver strategies to children’s sensory response patterns in the context of families’ everyday lives, which were not contingent on child diagnosis, mental age, or chronological age, thereby highlighting universal qualities of caregiving for young children who experience varying levels of sensory challenges. Targeted intervention approaches may differentially incorporate types of strategies based on sensory response patterns to more optimally facilitate children’s activity participation.
I can look for it! Modulation of a concurrent Visual Working Memory task in Visual Search in development
Authors: Quirós-Godoy María , Gil-Gómez de Liaño Beatriz , Perez-Hernandez Elena
Published: July 2022

Daily classroom activities that require children to perform visual search (VS) tasks are common across all educational levels: from searching for a missing piece of a puzzle in kindergarten to solving equations in college. However, VS tasks are often not performed in isolation, but rather students are maintaining information related to an ongoing task that loads working memory (WM). Unfortunately, it is still unclear how these processes interact and evolve in development. The present work aims to study how a concurrent visual WM (VWM) load can modulate VS performance based on the Developmental Model of Endogenous Mental Attention (Pascual-Leone and Johnson, 1999, 2005, 2021). A sample of kindergarten, elementary (2nd and 4th grades), middle school (6th grade), and college students looked for real-world photorealistic targets while maintaining similar objects in VWM in a dual-task paradigm. VWM load was manipulated using high and low memory load conditions. Additionally, looking for potential modulations related to individual differences, we studied the relationship between IQ, VWM span, and executive functions with VS efficiency. Finally, we also registered reported measures of potential strategies employed during the VS task. The results from a large sample of 147 participants between 5 and 25 years old revealed that even the youngest children could efficiently perform a VS task with a concurrent VWM load, replicating previous results found in adulthood. However, we found a slight increase in false alarms and commission errors when memory was highly loaded for all the participants regardless of age. As expected, we found positive correlations between VS efficiency and IQ and VWM span measures. Interestingly, the proportion of participants who used tracking organization strategies increased with age in all cases. However, although cognitive strategies to remember the target became more complex as age increased, it was only significant under the low VWM load conditions. The results seem relevant to understanding the development of VS based on the Model of Endogenous Mental Attention and the design of training programs to improve attention. The implications in educational contexts are discussed and are especially relevant for students with learning disabilities or attention problems.
Designing Smart Space Services by Virtual Reality-Interactive Learning Model on College Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Pan Yingying
Published: July 2022

The purpose was to improve the limitations of traditional entrepreneurship education, realize the virtual interactive learning between college students and teachers, and stimulate students’ exploration of entrepreneurship. This work first discusses the working principle of Virtual Reality (VR) and builds an Interactive Learning Model (ILM) using VR. Then, the VR-ILM is used to design the Smart Space services. Harris Corner Detector (HCD) is used to detect the pixel grayscale change in the Smart Space image window. Further, the VR-ILM-based Smart Space is proposed according to the Smart Space design requirements and principles. Finally, the proposed VR-ILM-based Smart Space is applied to College Entrepreneurship Education (CEE). Its impact on the CEE market, employment in different industries, and students’ satisfaction with CEE are studied. The results show that the proposed VR-ILM-based Smart Space has increased the entrepreneurship teaching courses, entrepreneurship coaching activities, and entrepreneurship practice activities by 4, 6, and 24%, respectively. It has reduced entrepreneurship competitions and other forms of entrepreneurship education by 4 and 16%. The proposed VR-ILM-based Smart Space has dramatically improved the practical teaching of CEE. Meanwhile, real estate services have felt the most significant impact of the proposed VR-ILM-based Smart Space, with an employment increase of 43%. Lastly, students’ satisfaction with entrepreneurship education practice and teaching methods has increased by nearly 50%. The satisfaction with the internal environment has increased to 78%. The satisfaction with the curriculum system, teachers, and industry financing has increased from 30 to 45%, 24 to 36%, and 45 to 63%, respectively. The satisfaction with the teaching goal has increased to 62%. Thus, the proposed VR-ILM-based Smart Space has dramatically improved students’ satisfaction with CEE and has a different impact on the market, industry, and satisfaction with CE. The finding has a certain reference for the VR interactive model.
The Application of Electroencephalogram in Driving Safety: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Peng Yong , Xu Qian , Lin Shuxiang , Wang Xinghua , Xiang Guoliang , Huang Shufang , Zhang Honghao , Fan Chaojie
Published: July 2022

The driver is one of the most important factors in the safety of the transportation system. The driver’s perceptual characteristics are closely related to driving behavior, while electroencephalogram (EEG) as the gold standard for evaluating human perception is non-deceptive. It is essential to study driving characteristics by analyzing the driver’s brain activity pattern, effectively acquiring driver perceptual characteristics, creating a direct connection between the driver’s brain and external devices, and realizing information interchange. This paper first introduces the theories related to EEG, then reviews the applications of EEG in scenarios such as fatigue driving, distracted driving, and emotional driving. The limitations of existing research have been identified and the prospect of EEG application in future brain-computer interface automotive assisted driving systems have been proposed. This review provides guidance for researchers to use EEG to improve driving safety. It also offers valuable suggestions for future research.
Language Ability Accounts for Ethnic Difference in Mathematics Achievement
Authors: Cui Jiaxin , Lv Liting , Du Huibo , Cui Zhanling , Zhou Xinlin
Published: July 2022

The mathematics achievement of minority students has always been a focal point of educators in China. This study investigated the differences in mathematics achievement between Han and minority pupils to determine if there is any cognitive mechanism that can account for the discrepancy. We recruited 236 Han students and 272 minority students (including Uygur and Kazak) from the same primary schools. They were tested on mathematics achievement, language abilities, and general cognitive abilities. The results showed that Han pupils had better mathematics achievement scores and better Chinese language ability than minority students. After controlling for age, gender, and general cognitive abilities, there were still significant differences in mathematics achievement between Han and minority students. However, these differences disappeared after controlling for language ability. These results suggest that the relatively poor levels of mathematics achievement observed in minority students is related to poor Chinese language skills.
Is there a relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive performance as function of mental workload in young adults?
Authors: Agbangla Nounagnon Frutueux , Pater Maire Marion , Maillot Pauline , Vitiello Damien
Published: July 2022

In the current study, we have decided to investigate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive functions in young adults as a function of mental workload. To achieve our objectives, we have solicited 29 young adults (18–25 years; 12 women) who have first realized the Random Number Generation (RNG) task with two levels of complexity. After each level of complexity, the participants were asked to report on their perceived difficulty. Secondly, participants performed the RABIT®test, during which oxygen consumption was measured through the Metamax 3B-R2. The results showed that executive performance and perceived difficulty deteriorate with increasing task complexity. Additionally, oxygen consumption increased significantly to reach a peak during the hardest phase of the RABIT®test. Finally, as in previous studies, we could not observe a correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive functions. Our findings support the lack of a direct relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive functions. Future studies should explore the relationship between the composite measure of executive function, hemodynamic activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy youth and their peers with cardiovascular disease. This will examine an indirect effect of Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on Executive functions (EFs) through brain activity.
Innovation capabilities and human development competitiveness in education sector: Evidence from UAE
Authors: Al Dulaimi Ashraf M. Zedan , Al Marzooqi Sultan Mohamed , Lubis Asmuliadi , Siren Norrodzoh Binti Hj , Kassim Sayyid Buhar
Published: July 2022

Innovation capabilities and human development in education sector is one of the key focused areas in United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The current research is novel to integrate and address such constructs in single theoretical framework. Grounded in Human Capital Theory, this study aims to investigate the role of innovation capabilities in human development competitiveness in the education sector of UAE. Based on the qualitative research approach, data were collected through interviews with 70 experts and leaders working in this field of Human Development Index (HDI) and innovation development in the UAE in order to more comprehensively recognize the main dilemmas involved in the phenomenon under investigation. Results indicate a huge potential of growth and improvement in education sector of UAE for supporting country SDG goals. Furthermore, it applied the conceptual statistics of key performance indicators (KPIs) collected to analyze the UAE’s HDI, innovation capabilities, and human development competitiveness from 2014 to 2020. Results revealed insightful lessons for policymakers and scholars working in innovation management and sustainable development goals area. Especially, this research will bring key policy directions and future research avenues for better innovative capabilities development in the education sector in developing and low-income economies.
A Systematic Review of the Use of T-Pattern and T-String Analysis (TPA) With Theme: An Analysis Using Mixed Methods and Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Sáiz-Manzanares María Consuelo , Alonso-Martínez Laura , Marticorena-Sánchez Raúl
Published: July 2022

In recent years, research interest in human and non-human behavioral analysis has increased significantly. One key element in the resulting studies is the use of software that facilitates comparative analysis of behavioral patterns, such as using T-Pattern and T-String analysis -TPA- with THEME. Furthermore, all these studies use mixed methods research. Results from these studies have indicated a certain amount of similarity between the biological, temporal, and spatial patterns of human social interactions and the interactions between the contents of their constituent cells. TPA has become an important, widely-used technique in applied behavioral science research. The objectives of the current review were: (1) To identify the results of research over the last 4 years related to the concepts of T-Pattern, TPA, and THEME, since it is in this period in which more publications on these topics have been detected (2) To examine the key concepts and areas in the selected articles with respect to those concepts, applying data and text mining techniques. The results indicate that, over the last 4 years, 20% of the studies were laboratory focused with non-humans, 18% were in sports environments, 9% were in psychological therapy environments and 9% were in natural human contexts. There were also indications that TPA is beginning to be used in workplace environments, which is a very promising setting for future research in this area.
On the association between Chinese EFL teachers’ academic buoyancy, self-efficacy, and burnout
Authors: Ding Jie , He Li
Published: July 2022

Buoyant and high self-efficacious teachers seem to be unlikely to feel burned out. Accordingly, examining the relationship between teachers’ buoyancy and self-efficacy seems significant. Even though the correlation between self-efficacy and burnout has been studied, precise attention should be paid to the quantitative investigations of the relationship between teachers’ academic buoyancy, self-efficacy, and burnout in China, English as a Foreign Language(EFL) context. To address this gap, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between Chinese EFL teachers’ academic buoyancy, self-efficacy, and burnout. In doing so, 399 Chinese EFL teachers (354 females and 45 males) were selected from 11 provinces and 18 cities in China. Three related questionnaires were virtually distributed among participants to gather data. The correlational tests revealed significant negative associations between Chinese EFL teachers’ burnout, self-efficacy, and academic buoyancy. The outcomes of multiple regression analyses also indicated that teachers’ burnout was negatively predicted by their self-efficacy and academic buoyancy. Finally, The implications of the results are discussed.
Relative team-member exchange, affective organizational commitment and innovative behavior: The moderating role of team-member exchange differentiation
Authors: Chen Chao , Liu Xinmei
Published: July 2022

Based upon social comparison theory, a multilevel moderated-mediation theoretical model was built up to explore the influence mechanism of relative team-member exchange (RTMX) on innovative behavior. We tested the proposed hypotheses using a sample of 260 individual members within 51 teams in a two-wave survey study. Controlling for team-member exchange (TMX), results showed that RTMX was positively related to innovative behavior, and the relationship above was mediated by affective organizational commitment. Moreover, team-level TMX differentiation played a moderating role in the mediated relationship between RTMX and innovative behavior through affective organizational commitment. This study also emphasizes the significance of conceptualizing TMX as concurrently implementing at multiple levels.
Investigation of causes of ceiling effects on working alliance measures
Authors: Meier Scott T.
Published: July 2022

The presence of ceiling effects on measures of working alliance is important because they (a) may moderate the observed size of the alliance-outcome correlation and (b) have implications for how quickly the alliance is formed and when. Despite this, little is known about ceiling effects on alliance measures, particularly about potential causes. This study attempted to replicate findings of ceiling effects using a 7-item version of the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) (Horvath and Greenberg, 1989) accessed in an archival database of 616 parolees enrolled in a drug abuse treatment study. Item response patterns on alliance and related measures were examined to explore potential methodological and theoretical factors that could produce ceiling effects. Analyses revealed ceiling effects on alliance measures assessing relationships with counselors and parole officers as well as floor effects (indicating highly positive appraisals) in measures of outcome expectations with counselors and parole officers. No ceiling effects were found with measures of drug use problems or negative affect. Item responses on the alliance and outcome expectations measures evidenced high consistency where many respondents endorsed the same choice on the 5-point response format across all items on the scale. Ceiling effects offer a potential marker of the working alliance at the scale level, while consistent response choice may provide a specific behavioral marker at the item level. Discussion focuses on theoretical implications and directions for future research in psychotherapy.
Teaching mode of oral English in the age of artificial intelligence
Authors: Li Yun
Published: July 2022

With the deepening of cultural integration, people’s demand for English learning is also increasing rapidly. However, traditional teaching methods have certain limitations, and teaching conditions are limited by the slow development of information technology, oral English courses have been shelved and stopped for a long time. With the rapid development of technology, the era of artificial intelligence has arrived. Learning assistance systems based on artificial intelligence have emerged in an endless stream, which has also innovatively solved the problem of oral language learning. Natural language processing is a computing mode of deep learning by artificial intelligence, which can carry out deep learning and training according to the current goal and finally get the desired result. But relying only on the auxiliary learning system cannot fundamentally solve the problem of oral language learning. Therefore, we aim to update the current spoken English learning methods using natural language processing technology, and propose a natural language processing-based oral English teaching model. In this mode, natural language processing can match different teaching methods according to the spoken language characteristics of different students, and give constructive suggestions. Moreover, the spoken English teaching mode based on natural language processing can be continuously upgraded and adjusted to adapt to the changing and developing era in time. Experiments show that the oral English teaching mode based on natural language processing can improve students’ comprehensive ability of oral English. And it increased its comprehension by 19.7% year-on-year, and at the same time it also improved the enthusiasm for learning oral language by 33.3%.
Linguistic features and psychological states: A machine-learning based approach
Authors: Du Xiaowei , Sun Yunmei
Published: July 2022

Previous research mostly used simplistic measures and limited linguistic features (e.g., personal pronouns, absolutist words, and sentiment words) in a text to identify its author’s psychological states. In this study, we proposed using additional linguistic features, that is, sentiments polarities and emotions, to classify texts of various psychological states. A large dataset of forum posts including texts of anxiety, depression, suicide ideation, and normal states were experimented with machine-learning algorithms. The results showed that the proposed linguistic features with machine-learning algorithms, namely Support Vector Machine and Deep Learning achieved a high level of performance in the detection of psychological state. The study represents one of the first attempts that uses sentiment polarities and emotions to detect texts of psychological states, and the findings may contribute to our understanding of how accuracy may be enhanced in the detection of various psychological states. Significance and suggestions of the study are also offered.
Digital Students’ Satisfaction With and Intention to Use Online Teaching Modes, Role of Big Five Personality Traits
Authors: Mustafa Sohaib , Qiao Yu , Yan Xin , Anwar Aliya , Hao Tengyue , Rana Sehrish
Published: July 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching modes were found vital to continue students’ learning process, but sustainable implementation of online teaching models is an area of concern for policymakers. Psychiatrists are also eager to know students’ behavior toward learning and modes of teaching during COVID-19. We have drawn a model based on the big five personality traits to study students’ satisfaction with online teaching modes and their adoption intentions toward online teaching modes. We have collected data from 718 bachelor’s and master’s level students from four different universities. We have applied the SEM-ANN dual-stage approach to test personality traits’ influence and ranked them based on their normalized importance. The results revealed that agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness positively influence students’ satisfaction with online teaching models, but that extraversion negatively influences their satisfaction. Agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism positively impact, but openness negatively influences. Conscientiousness does not affect adoption intention. Furthermore, agreeableness is the most significant, and conscientiousness is the least important factor for students to adopt online teaching modes. The findings of the study have useful perceptiveness for educational policymakers, academics, and psychiatrists.
Artificial intelligence-based organizational human resource management and operation system
Authors: Yang Yang
Published: July 2022

The trend of globalization, marketization, and informatization continues to strengthen, in today’s development environment, how to seize the opportunity and obtain a competitive advantage in human resources is an important issue that needs to be explored. Human resource management refers to the effective use of relevant human resources inside and outside the organization through management forms under the guidance of economics and humanistic thinking. It is a general term for a series of activities that ensure the achievement of organizational goals and the maximization of member development. With the rapid development of society and economy, the competition between enterprises has intensified. If an enterprise wants to adapt to social development, it is necessary to strengthen the internal management of the organization. The internal management also needs to rely on human resource management. The purpose of this paper is to study an organization’s human resource management and operation system based on artificial intelligence. It expects to use artificial intelligence technology to design the human resource management system and to improve the quality of employees to make the enterprise develop toward a more scientific and reasonable method. It uses artificial intelligence technology to mine the relevant data of enterprises, understand the situation of enterprises in a timely manner, and adjust unreasonable rules. This paper establishes a dynamic capability evaluation model and an early warning model for human resource management and further studies the improvement approach based on human resource management. This paper analyzes the application, feasibility, and practical significance of data mining technology in human resource management systems. It focuses on the commonly used algorithms in the field of data mining and proposes specific algorithm application scenarios and implementation ideas combined with the needs of human resource management practices. The experimental results of this paper show that the average working life of incumbent employees is 3.5 years, the average length of employees who leave the company is 5 years, and some employees are 5–6 years old. From this data, it can be seen that the average number of years of on-the-job employees is short, and the work experience has yet to be accumulated.
Case report: Prazosin augmentation for treating comorbid treatment-resistant depression and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Guo Ping , Fang Yu , Feng Ming , Zhao Xudong , Wang Shikai , Qian Mincai , Huang Juanjuan , Chen Huanxin
Published: July 2022

Psychological trauma in childhood can lead to post-traumatic disorder (PTSD) with protracted comorbid depression, which responds poorly to conventional antidepressants. Previous studies have shown that prazosin, an α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, can help eliminate nightmares and improve sleep quality and suicidal ideation in PTSD patients. This case report presents that prazosin had a rapid antidepressant effect in a female adolescent PTSD patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Prazosin improved not only depression symptoms but also sleep quality, suicidal ideation, and cognitive function. Prazosin was well tolerated without obvious adverse effects. Our preliminary study suggests that further clinical trials are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of prazosin in treating PTSD patients with comorbid TRD.
ANKK1 and TH gene variants in combination with paternal maltreatment increase susceptibility to both cognitive and attentive impulsivity
Authors: Palumbo Sara , Mariotti Veronica , Vellucci Stefano , Antonelli Klizia , Anderson Nathaniel , Harenski Carla , Pietrini Pietro , Kiehl Kent A. , Pellegrini Silvia
Published: July 2022

Recent scientific findings suggest that dopamine exerts a central role on impulsivity, as well as that aversive life experiences may promote the high levels of impulsivity that often underlie violent behavior. To deepen our understanding of the complex gene by environment interplay on impulsive behavior, we genotyped six dopaminergic allelic variants (ANKK1-rs1800497,TH-rs6356,DRD4-rs1800955,DRD4-exonIII-VNTR,SLC6A3-VNTR andCOMT-rs4680) in 655 US White male inmates convicted for violent crimes, whose impulsivity was assessed by BIS-11 (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale). Furthermore, in a subsample of 216 inmates from the whole group, we also explored the potential interplay between the genotyped dopaminergic variants and parental maltreatment measured by MOPS (Measure of Parental Style) in promoting impulsivity. We found a significant interaction among paternal MOPS scores,ANKK1-rs1800497-T allele andTH-rs6356-A allele, which increased the variance of BIS-11 cognitive/attentive scores explained by paternal maltreatment from 1.8 up to 20.5%. No direct association between any of the individual genetic variants and impulsivity was observed. Our data suggest that paternal maltreatment increases the risk of attentive/cognitive impulsivity and that this risk is higher in carriers of specific dopaminergic alleles that potentiate the dopaminergic neurotransmission. These findings add further evidence to the mutual role that genetics and early environmental factors exert in modulating human behavior and highlight the importance of childhood care interventions.
Case report: Effectiveness of brexpiprazole and esketamine/ketamine combination: A novel therapeutic strategy in five cases of treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Chan Lai Fong , Woon Luke Sy-Cherng , Mohd Shukor Nuur Asyikin , Eu Choon Leng , Ismail Nurazah , Chin Song Jie , Nik Jaafar Nik Ruzyanei , Baharudin Azlin
Published: July 2022

A significant proportion of patients with treatment-resistant depression do not attain functional recovery despite administration of multiple steps of pharmacotherapeutic strategies. This highlights the elusiveness of meeting unmet needs in existing pharmacotherapies for treatment-resistant depression. There is accumulating evidence that antidepressant agents involving the glutamatergic system such as brexpiprazole and esketamine/ketamine have more rapid onset of action and potentially improved effectiveness as an augmentation therapy in treatment-resistant depression. This case series aimed to report five complex cases of unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression where conventional treatment strategies were inadequate in managing high risk suicidal behavior and achieving functional recovery. We discussed further the possible synergistic mechanisms of the novel combination strategy of brexpiprazole and esketamine/ketamine, clinical and patient factors that influenced treatment response, challenges with this combination strategy and implications for future practice and research.
The role of caregiver gestures and gesture-related responses of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Lv ShaoLi , Xing Yu , Xu YanTing , Liu LinRu , Zhu HuiLin , Ye QianYing , Wang ChunMei , Zou XiaoBing , Deng HongZhu
Published: July 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social communicative abnormalities. Deficits and delays in gestural communication are among the early deficits of ASD and also a major social modality in early caregiver-toddler interaction. Caregiver gestures have an important role in the cognitive and social development of children with ASD. Thus, it is urgent to further explore the role of caregiver gestures in early caregiver-toddler interaction. In this cross-sectional study, we observed the caregivers' gestures and responses of toddlers aged between 18 and 24 months during play (ASD = 44, TD = 29) and dining activities (ASD = 34, TD = 27). By observing the different frequencies and patterns of gestures by the caregiver-child interaction and the different proportions of children's responses to the caregiver's gestures, we found that, compared to caregivers of typically developing toddlers, caregivers of toddlers with ASD had fewer synchronized gestures and more unsynchronized gestures in the play activity and more supplementary gestures in dining activity. Toddlers with ASD produced more social responses to caregivers' synchronized gestures, whereas the use of synchronized gestures by the caregivers in caregiver-toddler interaction had a positive influence on social responses to toddlers with ASD. The findings suggest that effective use of gestures by caregivers during caregiver-toddler activities can improve children's social responses.
A retrospective research on non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors among young patients diagnosed with mood disorders
Authors: Zheng Yage , Xiao Ling , Wang Huiling , Chen Zhenhua , Wang Gaohua
Published: July 2022

Background

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an emerging public concern in both clinical and non-clinical settings, especially in the background of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nevertheless, knowledge of NSSI on a certain disease entity in the later stage of the pandemic was scarce.

Objective

This study was conducted for the purpose of exploring the current occurrence and characteristics of NSSI in patients diagnosed with mood disorders (MDs) as well as its correlated factors in the later stage of the pandemic.

Methods

Three hundred and forty-nine eligible subjects (M ± SD, 21.54 ± 7.62) admitted to a mental health center in Wuhan from 11 November 2021 to 31 January 2022 were included in our study. An umbrella questionnaire comprised of demographics, COVID-19-related factors, Yale-Brown Obsessive and Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-Revised (PSQI-R), Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), and Ottawa Self-injury Inventory (OSI) was extended to each subject via shared QR code.

Results

Of 349 patients with MDs included, 151 (43.27%) reported NSSI in the recent 1 month, among whom hand, lower arm/wrist, and scalp were the most hurt body parts, and cutting, hitting, and headbanging were the most adopted methods. “Own idea” was the most common origin of NSSI. In the logistic regression model, age bracket, family monthly income, occupation, level of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, sleep duration, withdrawal reaction to the mobile phone, and habits of using a mobile phone were independently associated with NSSI.

Conclusion

It was revealed by our study that NSSI was quite prevalent among patients with MDs, especially among those students, adolescents, comorbid with OCD symptoms, inadequate sleeping hours, and suffering from withdrawal reaction to mobile phones. Further research on NSSI in various psychiatric disorders and even in non-clinical settings such as the community population was in urgent need since NSSI in China was not rare.
Tapered discontinuation vs. maintenance therapy of antipsychotic medication in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: Obstacles, findings, and lessons learned in the terminated randomized clinical trial TAILOR
Authors: Stürup Anne Emilie , Hjorthøj Carsten , Albert Nikolai , Dolmer Signe , Birk Merete , Ebdrup Bjørn H. , Eplov Lene Falgaard , Jensen Heidi , Vernal Ditte Lammers , Speyer Helene , Mors Ole , Nordentoft Merete
Published: July 2022

Aim

Evidence is insufficient regarding the consequences of discontinuing vs. maintaining antipsychotic medication in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Our aim was to examine tapered discontinuation vs. maintenance treatment regarding remission of psychotic symptoms and impact on other areas.

Methods

Patients included had a diagnosis of schizophrenia, were treated with antipsychotic medication, and were in remission of psychotic symptoms. Participants were randomized to tapered discontinuation or maintenance treatment with antipsychotic medication. Assessments were undertaken at baseline and after 1-year. The primary outcome was remission of psychotic symptoms without antipsychotic medication.

Results

The trial was terminated due to insufficient recruitment. In total, 29 participants were included: 14 in the tapering/discontinuation group and 15 in the maintenance group. Adherence to maintenance treatment was poor. At 1-year follow-up, remission of psychotic symptoms without antipsychotic medication for 3 months was observed in five participants in the tapering/discontinuation group and two in the maintenance group.

Conclusion

Due to insufficient recruitment this study does not provide a conclusion on whether unfavorable outcomes or advantages follow tapering of antipsychotic medication. Recruitment and adherence to maintenance treatment encountered obstacles. Based on experiences from this trial, we discussed alternative study designs as consistent evidence is still needed on whether to continue or discontinue antipsychotic medication in remitted patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Clinical trial registration

https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2016-000565-23/DK, EU Clinical Trials Register—EudraCT no. 2016–000565–23.
The Current View on the Paradox of Pain in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Bogdanova Olena V. , Bogdanov Volodymyr B. , Pizano Adrien , Bouvard Manuel , Cazalets Jean-Rene , Mellen Nicholas , Amestoy Anouck
Published: July 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which affects 1 in 44 children and may cause severe disabilities. Besides socio-communicational difficulties and repetitive behaviors, ASD also presents as atypical sensorimotor function and pain reactivity. While chronic pain is a frequent co-morbidity in autism, pain management in this population is often insufficient because of difficulties in pain evaluation, worsening their prognosis and perhaps driving higher mortality rates. Previous observations have tended to oversimplify the experience of pain in autism as being insensitive to painful stimuli. Various findings in the past 15 years have challenged and complicated this dogma. However, a relatively small number of studies investigates the physiological correlates of pain reactivity in ASD. We explore the possibility that atypical pain perception in people with ASD is mediated by alterations in pain perception, transmission, expression and modulation, and through interactions between these processes. These complex interactions may account for the great variability and sometimes contradictory findings from the studies. A growing body of evidence is challenging the idea of alterations in pain processing in ASD due to a single factor, and calls for an integrative view. We propose a model of the pain cycle that includes the interplay between the molecular and neurophysiological pathways of pain processing and it conscious appraisal that may interfere with pain reactivity and coping in autism. The role of social factors in pain-induced response is also discussed. Pain assessment in clinical care is mostly based on subjective rather than objective measures. This review clarifies the strong need for a consistent methodology, and describes innovative tools to cope with the heterogeneity of pain expression in ASD, enabling individualized assessment. Multiple measures, including self-reporting, informant reporting, clinician-assessed, and purely physiological metrics may provide more consistent results. An integrative view on the regulation of the pain cycle offers a more robust framework to characterize the experience of pain in autism.