bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AAGCN: a graph convolutional neural network with adaptive feature and topology learning
Authors: Wang Bin , Cai Bodong , Sheng Jinfang , Jiao Wenzhe
Published: May 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing prevalence of deep learning in various domains, owing to advancements in information technology and computing power. Graph neural network methods within deep learning have shown remarkable capabilities in processing graph-structured data, such as social networks and traffic networks. As a result, they have garnered significant attention from researchers.However, real-world data often face challenges like data sparsity and missing labels, which can hinder the performance and generalization ability of graph convolutional neural networks. To overcome these challenges, our research aims to effectively extract the hidden features and topological information of graph convolutional neural networks. We propose an innovative model called Adaptive Feature and Topology Graph Convolutional Neural Network (AAGCN). By incorporating an adaptive layer, our model preprocesses the data and integrates the hidden features and topological information with the original data’s features and structure. These fused features are then utilized in the convolutional layer for training, significantly enhancing the expressive power of graph convolutional neural networks.To evaluate the effectiveness of the adaptive layer in the AAGCN model, we conducted node classification experiments on real datasets. The results validate its ability to address data sparsity and improve the classification performance of graph convolutional neural networks.In conclusion, our research primarily focuses on addressing data sparsity and missing labels in graph convolutional neural networks. The proposed AAGCN model, which incorporates an adaptive layer, effectively extracts hidden features and topological information, thereby enhancing the expressive power and classification performance of these networks.
Autocorrelation analysis of a phenotypic screen reveals hidden drug activity
Authors: Dubach Richard A. , Dubach J. Matthew
Published: May 2024

Phenotype based screening is a powerful tool to evaluate cellular drug response. Through high content fluorescence imaging of simple fluorescent labels and complex image analysis phenotypic measurements can identify subtle compound-induced cellular changes unique to compound mechanisms of action (MoA). Recently, a screen of 1008 compounds in three cell lines was reported where analysis detected changes in cellular phenotypes and accurately identified compound MoA for roughly half the compounds. However, we were surprised that DNA alkylating agents and other compounds known to induce or impact the DNA damage response produced no measured activity in cells with fluorescently labeled 53BP1—a canonical DNA damage marker. We hypothesized that phenotype analysis is not sensitive enough to detect small changes in 53BP1 distribution and analyzed the screen images with autocorrelation image analysis. We found that autocorrelation analysis, which quantifies fluorescently-labeled protein clustering, identified higher compound activity for compounds and MoAs known to impact the DNA damage response, suggesting altered 53BP1 recruitment to damaged DNA sites. We then performed experiments under more ideal imaging settings and found autocorrelation analysis to be a robust measure of changes to 53BP1 clustering in the DNA damage response. These results demonstrate the capacity of autocorrelation to detect otherwise undetectable compound activity and suggest that autocorrelation analysis of specific proteins could serve as a powerful screening tool.
Harnessing eDNA metabarcoding to investigate fish community composition and its seasonal changes in the Oslo fjord
Authors: Carvalho Cintia Oliveira , Gromstad William , Dunthorn Micah , Karlsen Hans Erik , Schrøder-Nielsen Audun , Ready Jonathan Stuart , Haugaasen Torbjørn , Sørnes Grete , de Boer Hugo , Mauvisseau Quentin
Published: May 2024

In the face of global ecosystem changes driven by anthropogenic activities, effective biomonitoring strategies are crucial for mitigating impacts on vulnerable aquatic habitats. Time series analysis underscores a great significance in understanding the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems, especially amidst climate change disrupting established seasonal patterns. Focusing on Norway's Oslo fjord, our research utilises eDNA-based monitoring for temporal analysis of aquatic biodiversity during a one year period, with bi-monthly sampling along a transect. To increase the robustness of the study, a taxonomic assignment comparing BLAST+ and SINTAX approaches was done. Utilising MiFish and Elas02 primer sets, our study detected 63 unique fish species, including several commercially important species. Our findings reveal a substantial increase in read abundance during specific migratory cycles, highlighting the efficacy of eDNA metabarcoding for fish composition characterization. Seasonal dynamics for certain species exhibit clear patterns, emphasising the method's utility in unravelling ecological complexities. eDNA metabarcoding emerges as a cost-effective tool with considerable potential for fish community monitoring for conservation purposes in dynamic marine environments like the Oslo fjord, contributing valuable insights for informed management strategies.
Development and initial validation of a new self-report measure to assess perceived dependence on tobacco and nicotine products
Authors: Afolalu Esther F. , Salzberger Thomas , Abetz-Webb Linda , Cano Stefan , Weitkunat Rolf , Rose Jed E. , Chrea Christelle
Published: May 2024

How nicotine is administered has evolved from cigarettes to various delivery systems. Assessing perceived dependence on nicotine-containing products now requires accounting for product specificity while allowing comparisons across products and users. This study aims to develop a new self-report measure to assess perceived dependence on tobacco and nicotine products (TNPs) among exclusive and poly-TNP users. A draft version of the new measure, the ABOUT-Dependence, was constructed based on literature review, qualitative research, and expert opinion. Data for scale formation and psychometric assessment was obtained through a US-based web survey (n = 2334) that included additional dependence measures for convergent validity assessment. Qualitative research confirmed a preliminary conceptual framework with seven sub-concepts. Following a cognitive debriefing, 19 items were considered to best represent the different sub-concepts. Psychometric findings supported a three-domain structure [i.e., behavioral impact (five items), signs and symptoms (five items), and extent/timing of use (two items)] and an overall total composite score. The data confirmed convergent and known-group validity, as well as test–retest reliability. The ABOUT-Dependence is a 12-item, psychometrically sound, self-report measure that may be used as a tool for research and further understanding of perceived dependence across the spectrum of TNP and TNP users.
Fairness-aware recommendation with meta learning
Authors: Oh Hyeji , Kim Chulyun
Published: May 2024

Fairness has become a critical value online, and the latest studies consider it in many problems. In recommender systems, fairness is important since the visibility of items is controlled by systems. Previous fairness-aware recommender systems assume that sufficient relationship data between users and items are available. However, it is common that new users and items are frequently introduced, and they have no relationship data yet. In this paper, we study recommendation methods to enhance fairness in a cold-start state. Fairness is more significant when the preference of a user or the popularity of an item is unknown. We propose a meta-learning-based cold-start recommendation framework called FaRM to alleviate the unfairness of recommendations. The proposed framework consists of three steps. We first propose a fairness-aware meta-path generation method to eliminate bias in sensitive attributes. In addition, we construct fairness-aware user representations through the meta-path aggregation approach. Then, we propose a novel fairness objective function and introduce a joint learning method to minimize the trade-off between relevancy and fairness. In extensive experiments with various cold-start scenarios, it is shown that FaRM is significantly superior in fairness performance while preserving relevance accuracy over previous work.
Demystifying COVID-19 mortality causes with interpretable data mining
Authors: Qian Xinyu , Zuo Zhihong , Xu Danni , He Shanyun , Zhou Conghao , Wang Zhanwen , Xie Shucai , Zhang Yongmin , Wu Fan , Lyu Feng , Zhang Lina , Qian Zhaoxin
Published: May 2024

While COVID-19 becomes periodical, old individuals remain vulnerable to severe disease with high mortality. Although there have been some studies on revealing different risk factors affecting the death of COVID-19 patients, researchers rarely provide a comprehensive analysis to reveal the relationships and interactive effects of the risk factors of COVID-19 mortality, especially in the elderly. Through retrospectively including 1917 COVID-19 patients (102 were dead) admitted to Xiangya Hospital from December 2022 to March 2023, we used the association rule mining method to identify the risk factors leading causes of death among the elderly. Firstly, we used the Affinity Propagation clustering to extract key features from the dataset. Then, we applied the Apriori Algorithm to obtain 6 groups of abnormal feature combinations with significant increments in mortality rate. The results showed a relationship between the number of abnormal feature combinations and mortality rates within different groups. Patients with “C-reactive protein > 8 mg/L”, “neutrophils percentage > 75.0 %”, “lymphocytes percentage < 20%”, and “albumin < 40 g/L” have a 2$$\times$$
×
mortality rate than the basic one. When the characteristics of “D-dimer > 0.5 mg/L” and “WBC > $$9.5 \times 10^9$$

9.5
×

10
9

/L” are continuously included in this foundation, the mortality rate can be increased to 3$$\times$$
×
or 4$$\times$$
×
. In addition, we also found that liver and kidney diseases significantly affect patient mortality, and the mortality rate can be as high as 100%. These findings can support auxiliary diagnosis and treatment to facilitate early intervention in patients, thereby reducing patient mortality.
On the mechanism of wogonin against acute monocytic leukemia using network pharmacology and experimental validation
Authors: Wang Xixi , Wang Yanfei , Chen Jing , Wang Qinyao , Liu Zhongjian , Yin Yijie , Yang Tonghua , Shen Tao , Sa Yalian
Published: May 2024

Wogonin is a natural flavone compound from the plant Scutellaria baicalensis, which has a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-virus, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation. However, the potential mechanism of wogonin remains unknown. This study was to confirm the molecular mechanism of wogonin for acute monocytic leukemia treatment, known as AML-M5. The potential action targets between wogonin and acute monocytic leukemia were predicted from databases. The compound-target-pathway network and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) were constructed. The enrichment analysis of related targets and molecular docking were performed. The network pharmacological results of wogonin for AML-M5 treatment were verified using the THP-1 cell line. 71 target genes of wogonin associated with AML-M5 were found. The key genes TP53, SRC, AKT1, RELA, HSP90AA1, JUN, PIK3R1, and CCND1 were preliminarily found to be the potential central targets of wogonin for AML-M5 treatment. The PPI network analysis, GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was the significant pathway in the wogonin for AML-M5 treatment. The antiproliferative effects of wogonin on THP-1 cells of AML-M5 presented a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, inducing apoptosis, blocking the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, decreasing the expressions of CCND1, CDK2, and CyclinA2 mRNA, as well as AKT and p-AKT proteins. The mechanisms of wogonin on AML-M5 treatment may be associated with inhibiting cell proliferation and regulating the cell cycle via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
The impact of lifestyle, measured with the HLPCQ questionnaire on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Poland: a multicenter study
Authors: Babicki Mateusz , Kłoda Karolina , Ledwoch Justyna , Janiak Sandra , Krzyżanowski Filip , Zieliński Tomasz , Grabska Patrycja , Gajowiak Dominik , Malchrzak Wojciech , Mastalerz-Migas Agnieszka
Published: May 2024

Metabolic syndrome is one of the most common health problems for people around the world. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults without prior diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. We also plan to assess the influence of certain lifestyle components on prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The study involved cardiovascularly healthy patients undergoing lab tests, measurements, and the HLPCQ questionnaire (The Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire). The data were used to diagnose metabolic syndrome. Out of 1044 patients from 10 primary care facilities, 23.3% met the metabolic syndrome criteria, showing a strong link with increased blood pressure, cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Lower scores in the Organized physical exercise subscale of the HLPCQ questionnaire were noted in those with metabolic syndrome. Comparing the subscale of HLPCQ questionnaire, the lower results in Organized physical exercise subscale were found among the participants with metabolic syndrome, both male and females. Metabolic syndrome, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, should be screened for actively, even in apparently healthy populations. Results obtained in our study from analysis of HLPCQ show that screening for metabolic syndrome should be preceded by prevention based on regular physical activity and proper eating habits.
Preparation and characterization of artemether-loaded niosomes in Leishmania major-induced cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Niroumand Uranous , Motazedian Mohammad Hossein , Ahmadi Fatemeh , Asgari Qasem , Bahreini Mohammad Saleh , Ghasemiyeh Parisa , Mohammadi-Samani Soliman
Published: May 2024

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most prevalent form of leishmaniasis worldwide. Although various anti-leishmanial regimens have been considered, due to the lack of efficacy or occurrence of adverse reactions, design and development of novel topical delivery systems would be essential. This study aimed to prepare artemether (ART)-loaded niosomes and evaluate their anti-leishmanial effects against Leishmania major. ART-loaded niosomes were prepared through the thin-film hydration technique and characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, morphology, differential scanning calorimetry, drug loading, and drug release. Furthermore, anti-leishmanial effect of the preparation was assessed in vitro and in vivo. The prepared ART-loaded niosomes were spherical with an average diameter of about 100 and 300 nm with high encapsulation efficiencies of > 99%. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity revealed that ART-loaded niosomes had significantly higher anti-leishmanial activity, lower general toxicity, and higher selectivity index (SI). Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of ART, ART-loaded niosomes, and liposomal amphotericin B were 39.09, 15.12, and 20 µg/mL, respectively. Also, according to the in vivo study results, ART-loaded niosomes with an average size of 300 nm showed the highest anti-leishmanial effects in animal studies. ART-loaded niosomes would be promising topical drug delivery system for the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Graft cell expansion from hiPSC-RPE strip after transplantation in primate eyes with or without RPE damage
Authors: Kajita Keisuke , Nishida Mitsuhiro , Kurimoto Yasuo , Yokota Satoshi , Sugita Sunao , Semba Toshika , Shirae Satoshi , Hayashi Naoko , Ozaki Atsuta , Miura Yoko , Maeda Akiko , Mitamura Yoshinori , Takahashi Masayo , Mandai Michiko
Published: May 2024

Clinical studies using suspensions or sheets of human pluripotent cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells (hiPSC-RPE) have been conducted globally for diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. Despite being minimally invasive, cell suspension transplantation faces challenges in targeted cell delivery and frequent cell leakage. Conversely, although the RPE sheet ensures targeted delivery with correct cell polarity, it requires invasive surgery, and graft preparation is time-consuming. We previously reported hiPSC-RPE strips as a form of quick cell aggregate that allows for reliable cell delivery to the target area with minimal invasiveness. In this study, we used a microsecond pulse laser to create a local RPE ablation model in cynomolgus monkey eyes. The hiPSC-RPE strips were transplanted into the RPE-ablated and intact sites. The hiPSC-RPE strip stably survived in all transplanted monkey eyes. The expansion area of the RPE from the engrafted strip was larger at the RPE injury site than at the intact site with no tumorigenic growth. Histological observation showed a monolayer expansion of the transplanted RPE cells with the expression of MERTK apically and collagen type 4 basally. The hiPSC-RPE strip is considered a beneficial transplantation option for RPE cell therapy.
Association between biological aging and diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Tang Haoxian , Luo Nan , Zhang Xuan , Huang Jingtao , Yang Qinglong , Lin Hanyuan , Zhang Xinyi
Published: May 2024

The impact of aging on diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains underestimated. The current study aimed to investigate the association between biological aging and DR, in contrast to chronological age (CA). Using the National Health and Nutrition Survey data from 2005 to 2008. Biological aging was evaluated through the biological age (BA) and phenotypic age (PA), which were calculated from clinical markers. DR was identified in participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) when they exhibited one or more retinal microaneurysms or retinal blot hemorrhages under retinal imaging, with or without the presence of more severe lesions. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was performed, and the regression model was further fitted using restricted cubic splines. The discriminatory capability and clinical utility of the model were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). Based on weighted analyses, of the 3100 participants included in this study, of which 162 had DR. In the adjusted model, BA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12, 95% CI, 1.06–1.18) and PA (OR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.07–1.14) were associated with DR, while CA was not significantly (OR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.99–1.03). Narrowing the analysis to DM participants and adjusting for factors like insulin showed similar results. ROC and DCA analyses indicate that BA/PA predicted DR better than CA and offer greater clinical utility. The positive association between BA/PA and DR was consistent across subgroups despite potential interactions. Biological aging heightens DR risk, with BA/PA showing a stronger association than CA. Our findings underscored the importance of timely anti-aging interventions for preventing DR.
Determinants of hand pulse wave velocity and hand pulse transit time in healthy adults
Authors: Chen Yung-Sheng , Lu Wan-An , Hsu Ling-Yen , Kuo Cheng-Deng
Published: May 2024

Arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) is recognized as a convenient method to assess peripheral vascular stiffness. This study explored the clinical characteristics of hand PWV (hPWV) and hand pulse transit time (hPTT) in healthy adults (sixty males = 42.4 ± 13.9 yrs; sixty-four females = 42.8 ± 13.9 yrs) voluntarily participated in this study. The arterial pulse waveform and the anatomical distance from the radial styloid process to the tip of the middle finger of both hands were recorded in the sitting position. The hPWV was calculated as the traversed distance divided by hPTT between those two points. Male subjects showed significantly greater hPWV, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure than age-matched female subjects, while the hPTT was not significantly different between genders. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender is a common determinant of hPWV and hPTT, and that age and heart rate (HR) were negatively correlated with hPWV and hPTT, respectively. We conclude that male subjects have greater hPWV than female subjects. Ageing is associated with decreased hPWV, while increased HR is associated with a smaller hPTT. The hPWV and hPTT might be used as non-invasive indices to characterise the ageing and arterial stiffness of peripheral blood vessels.
Reduced processing of afforded actions while observing mental content as ongoing mental phenomena
Authors: Katyal Sucharit , Abdoun Oussama , Mounier Hugues , Lutz Antoine
Published: May 2024

While consciousness is typically considered equivalent to mental contents, certain meditation practices—including open monitoring (OM)—are said to enable a unique conscious state where meditators can experience mental content from a de-reified perspective as “ongoing phenomena.” Phenomenologically, such a state is considered as reduction of intentionality, the mental act upon mental content. We hypothesised that this de-reified state would be characterised by reduced mental actional processing of affording objects. We recruited two groups of participants, meditators with long-term experience in cultivating a de-reified state, and demographically-matched novice meditators. Participants performed a task with images in two configurations—where objects did (high-affordance) and did not imply actions (low-affordance)—following both a baseline and OM-induced de-reified state, along with EEG recordings. While long-term meditators exhibited preferential processing of high-affordance images compared to low-affordance images during baseline, such an effect was abolished during the OM state, as hypothesised. For novices, however, the high-affordance configuration was preferred over the low-affordance one both during baseline and OM. Perceptual durations of objects across conditions positively correlated with the degree of µ-rhythm desynchronization, indicating that neural processing of affordance impacted perceptual awareness. Our results indicate that OM styles of meditation may help in mentally decoupling otherwise automatic cognitive processing of mental actions by affording objects.
Effects of damage initiation points of depth-damage function on flood risk assessment
Authors: Rahim Md Adilur , Al Assi Ayat , Mostafiz Rubayet Bin , Friedland Carol J.
Published: May 2024

The flood depth in a structure is a key factor in flood loss models, influencing the estimation of building and contents losses, as well as overall flood risk. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of determining the damage initiation point (DIP) of depth-damage functions, where the flood damage is assumed to initiate with respect to the first-floor height of the building. Here we investigate the effects of DIP selection on the flood risk assessment of buildings located in Special Flood Hazard Areas. We characterize flood using the Gumbel extreme value distribution’s location (μ) and scale (α) parameters. Results reveal that average annual flood loss (AAL) values do not depend on μ, but instead follow an exponential decay pattern with α when damage initiates below the first-floor height of a building (i.e., negative DIP). A linear increasing pattern of the AAL with α is achieved by changing the DIP to the first-floor height (i.e., DIP = 0). The study also demonstrates that negative DIPs have larger associated AAL, thus contributing substantially to the overall AAL, compared to positive DIPs. The study underscores the significance of proper DIP selection in flood risk assessment.
Brillouin light storage for 100 pulse widths
Authors: Stiller Birgit , Jaksch Kevin , Piotrowski Johannes , Merklein Moritz , Schmidt Mikołaj K. , Vu Khu , Ma Pan , Madden Stephen , Steel Michael J. , Poulton Christopher G. , Eggleton Benjamin J.
Published: May 2024

Signal processing based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is limited by the narrow linewidth of the optoacoustic response, which confines many Brillouin applications to continuous wave signals or optical pulses longer than several nanoseconds. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate Brillouin interactions at the 150 ps time scale and a delay for a record 15 ns which corresponds to a delay of 100 pulse widths. This breakthrough experimental result was enabled by the high local gain of the chalcogenide waveguides as the optoacoustic interaction length reduces with pulse width. We successfully transfer 150 ps-long pulses to traveling acoustic waves within a Brillouin-based memory setup. The information encoded in the optical pulses is stored for 15 ns in the acoustic field. We show the retrieval of eight amplitude levels, multiple consecutive pulses, and low distortion in pulse shape. The extension of Brillouin-based storage to the ultra-short pulse regime is an important step for the realization of practical Brillouin-based delay lines and other optical processing applications.
Attenuation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) using Ag/Fe0 complexed with citrate in various environmental and toxicity assessments by evaluating ryegrass
Authors: Gong Jianyu , Xue Ruiyuan , Xu Yake , Lv Hao , Wang Nan , Su Xiaoming
Published: May 2024

Utilizing the Ag/Fe0 and citrate complex for the efficient and safe removal of BDE209.
Fabrication of –SO3H-functionalized polyphosphazene-reinforced proton conductive matrix-mixed membranes
Authors: Afzal Jamal , Zhang Jiashun , Wang Haijiang
Published: May 2024

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) have emerged as very promising membranes for automotive applications because of their notable proton conductivity at low temperatures.
Accessing the electronic structure of liquid crystalline semiconductors with bottom-up electronic coarse-graining
Authors: Wang Chun-I , Maier J. Charlie , Jackson Nicholas E.
Published: May 2024

A bottom-up electronic coarse-graining model predicts morphology-dependent electronic structure and charge transport properties for liquid-crystal semiconductors, without back-mapping or ad nauseam quantum chemistry calculations.
Chronicles of plutonium peroxides: spectroscopic characterization of a new peroxo compound of Pu(iv)
Authors: Margate Julien , Bayle Simon , Dumas Thomas , Dalodière Elodie , Tamain Christelle , Menut Denis , Estevenon Paul , Moisy Philippe , Nikitenko Sergey I. , Virot Matthieu
Published: May 2024

A new insight is provided about actinide peroxides through the synthesis and thorough structural characterization of a new peroxo compound of Pu(iv).
Guest-induced narcissistic self-sorting in water via imine formation
Authors: Li Bingda , Sun Bin , Fang Shuai , Chen Yixin , Li Hao
Published: May 2024

When two trisaldehydes and two trisamines are combined in water, narcissistic self-sorting occurs upon the addition of two guests, yielding two tetrahedral cages each containing only one type of formyl or amino precursor.
Substrate-controlled divergent remote C–H and N–H polyfluoroarylation of 2-aminopyrimidines with polyfluoroarenes via Pd(ii)/Pd(0) catalysis
Authors: Das Animesh , Maji Biplab
Published: May 2024

Substrate-controlled product divergence is demonstrated in Pd-catalyzed reaction of 2-aminopyrimidines. Remote C5–H polyfluoroarylation occurs with N-alkylpyrimidine-2-amines, while N–H polyfluoroarylation is dominant for N-aryl-pyrimidine-2-amines.
Comparison of the structural, electrochemical, and spectroscopic properties of two cryptates of trivalent uranium
Authors: Kulasekara D. Nuwangi , Bailey Matthew D. , Ward Cassandra L. , Allen Matthew J.
Published: May 2024

Two cryptates of trivalent uranium are compared with respect to luminescence, solid-state structure, and electrochemistry.
Orthopalladated imidazolones and thiazolones: synthesis, photophysical properties and photochemical reactivity
Authors: Dumitraş Darius , Dalmau David , García-Orduña Pilar , Pop Alexandra , Silvestru Anca , Urriolabeitia Esteban P.
Published: May 2024

The incorporation of Pd into the molecular framework of 4-arylidene-imidazolones or thiazolones generates platforms with remarkable photophysical and photochemical properties. Quantum yields of up to 15% and a clear photoreactivity have been achieved.
Fluorescence properties of novel deep-red phosphor LiMg4SbO7:Mn4+ with excellent quantum efficiency and color purity for warm white LEDs
Authors: Wang Fei , Chen Huihui , Zhang Shiwei , Jin Huiqing
Published: May 2024

Red fluorescent materials have important application value in the background light and LED lighting fields of displays.
Effect of distal metal species on lewis basicity of a μ3-oxo ligand in a doubly oxo-bridged (μ3-O)[Rh(cod)]3(μ4-O)M core
Authors: Tsurugi Hayato , Mori Hiroki , Mori Haruna , Nakamoto Masami , Tanaka Shinji , Mashima Kazushi
Published: May 2024

The Lewis basicity of a μ3-oxo ligand for (μ3-O)[Rh(cod)]3(μ4-O)M complexes was controllable by metal species on the μ4-oxo ligand locating at the opposite site of the μ3-oxo ligand.
Tailoring desolvation strategies for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Ma Wenhao , Wang Sunyufei , Wu Xianwen , Liu Wenwen , Yang Fan , Liu Shude , Jun Seong Chan , Dai Lei , He Zhangxing , Zhang Qiaobao
Published: May 2024

This review provides a comprehensive overview detailing the advancements in desolvation strategies pertaining to aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) performances, addressing the applications and working mechanisms of desolvation strategies in AZIBs.
Utilizing three-terminal, interdigitated back contact Si solar cells as a platform to study the durability of photoelectrodes for solar fuel production
Authors: Collins Darci K. , Schichtl Zebulon G. , Nesbitt Nathan T. , Greenaway Ann L. , Mihailetchi Valentin D. , Tune Daniel , Warren Emily L.
Published: May 2024

Demonstration of a new three-terminal semiconductor photoabsorber architecture for photoelectrochemical fuel production that enables protection of the semiconductor in the dark.
Metalloenzyme-inspired approach to the design and applications of phosphatase-mimetic nanozymes. Bridging the inorganic and organic worlds
Authors: Janoš Pavel , Janoš Pavel
Published: May 2024

Both nanozymes (cerium oxide) and natural enzymes can destroy toxic organophosphates (pesticide paraoxon ethyl) using analogous reaction mechanisms.
Artificial neural network-based QSAR model for predicting degradation techniques of pharmaceutical contaminants in water bodies with experimental verification
Authors: González-Amaya Jhon Alex , Niño-Colmenares Andrea Nadith , Cárdenas-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Guevara-Pulido James
Published: May 2024

The pharmaceutical industry has been increasing its production, manufacturing, and promotion of various products, resulting in a rise in contaminants in water.
Lactic acid fermented microalgae and cyanobacteria as a new source of lipid reducing compounds: assessment through zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay and untargeted metabolomics
Authors: Martelli Francesco , Bernini Valentina , Neviani Erasmo , Vasconcelos Vitor , Urbatzka Ralph
Published: May 2024

Lactic acid bacteria fermentation of microalgae and cyanobacteria revealed lipid reducing activity in zebrafish larvae.
In situ growth of an ultrathin Cu/g-C3N4 coating over SBA-15 for catalytic wet air oxidation of pollutants under extremely mild conditions
Authors: Yuan Chao , Zhang Yuan , Zong Zhiyuan , Zhou Shenghui , Cui Hongyou , Tan Hongzi
Published: May 2024

Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is a very promising technology for the elimination of various refractory pollutants, but to activate dioxygen under mild conditions is a great challenge.
Propene-bridged cyanurate tetramers decorated on carbon nanosheets with antibacterial activity: insights from molecular modeling and in vitro studies
Authors: Agrawal Omnarayan , Sharma Hitesh Kumar , Chaurasia Radhika , Bakshi Gaganjyot Kaur , Agarwal Aakanksha , Sen Mousumi , Mamidala Praveen , Dey R. K. , Chourasia Mukesh , Mukherjee Monalisa
Published: May 2024

Propene-bridged cyanurate tetramers (PBCTs) nested onto 2D nanosheets (CNHs) exhibit antibacterial activity by disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Thermal-effect dominated plasmonic catalysis on silver nanoislands
Authors: Kong Ting , Kang Bowen , Wang Wei , Deckert-Gaudig Tanja , Zhang Zhenglong , Deckert Volker
Published: May 2024

The temperature-dependent in situ SERS spectra of 4-NTP and 4-ATP are investigated by designing a simple and effective self-assembly system with plasmonic nanoislands to explore the role of thermal effects on plasmon-induced catalytic reactions.
Tuning the optoelectronic properties of emerging solar absorbers through cation disorder engineering
Authors: Huang Yi-Teng , Hoye Robert L. Z.
Published: May 2024

This work shows that cation disorder is a key tuneable parameter that can improve the optoelectronic properties of emerging solar absorbers.
In situ PET-RAFT polymerization to prepare guanidine-and-carbohydrate modified ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Zhao Junyan , Rao Yu , Zhang Hengyuan , Zhu Zhichen , Yao Lihua , Chen Gaojian , Chen Hong
Published: May 2024

ZnO–polymer core–shell nanoparticles were successfully prepared using a simple in situ open-to-air PET-RAFT method.
Tuning network structures of hydrophobic hydrogels by controlling polymerization solvent
Authors: Fan Hailong , Naohara Daito , Li Wei , Li Xiang , Gong Jian Ping
Published: May 2024

Hydrophobic hydrogels with various copolymer sequences and network structures are prepared by tuning the solvent condition of the reaction solution, which exhibit different appearance and properties under the same monomer composition.
Enhanced bone regeneration by osteoinductive and angiogenic zein/whitlockite composite scaffolds loaded with levofloxacin
Authors: Lin Xue , Wang Yu , Liu Lingyu , Du Xiaomeng , Wang Wenying , Guo Shutao , Zhang Jinchao , Ge Kun , Zhou Guoqiang
Published: May 2024

The zein/WH/LEVO scaffolds have significant effects on promoting bone regeneration, especially for the favorable osteogenic, intensive angiogenic, and alleviated inflammation abilities. The synthesized scaffolds would be used as a suitable material for bone regeneration.
Visible-light-induced N-alkylation of anilines with 4-hydroxybutan-2-one
Authors: Jiang Liya , Ni Ling , Tang Xinyue , Baell Jonathan B. , Huang Fei , Ren Lanhui
Published: May 2024

The synthesis of amines through N-alkylation is particularly attractive.
Preparation and application of stimuli-responsive PET TeMs: RAFT graft block copolymerisation of styrene and acrylic acid for the separation of water–oil emulsions
Authors: Muslimova Indira B. , Zhumanazar Nurdaulet , Melnikova Galina B. , Yeszhanov Arman B. , Zhatkanbayeva Zhanna K. , Chizhik Sergei A. , Zdorovets Maxim V. , Güven Olgun , Korolkov Ilya V.
Published: May 2024

In this study, we present a method to fabricate pH-sensitive membranes using UV-initiated RAFT graft copolymerization of styrene and acrylic acid on PET track-etched membranes for separation of water–oil emulsions.
Retraction: Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) alleviates the malignant biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Jiang ZhongYu , Mao Zhen
Published: May 2024

Retraction of ‘Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) alleviates the malignant biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway’ by ZhongYu Jiang et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 35473–35482, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA05933D.
Thermal/photochemical micro-flow probe system for direct C–H bond functionalization of biologically active molecules
Authors: Rana Abhilash , Chauhan Ruchi , Singh Ajay K.
Published: May 2024

Combination of artificial light and solar panel tracker for integrated two-step continuous-flow diazo generation, and its utility in late-stage functionalization.
Chemo- and regio-selective differential modification of native cysteines on an antibody via the use of dehydroalanine forming reagents
Authors: Yap Steven Y. , Butcher Tobias , Spears Richard J. , McMahon Clíona , Thanasi Ioanna A. , Baker James R. , Chudasama Vijay
Published: May 2024

Use of dehydroalanine-forming reagents to enable the first example of differentially modifying the native solvent accessible cysteines on an antibody.
Adamantane-type clusters: compounds with a ubiquitous architecture but a wide variety of compositions and unexpected materials properties
Authors: Rinn Niklas , Rojas-León Irán , Peerless Benjamin , Gowrisankar Saravanan , Ziese Ferdinand , Rosemann Nils W. , Pilgrim Wolf-Christian , Sanna Simone , Schreiner Peter R. , Dehnen Stefanie
Published: May 2024

Adamantane-type clusters exhibit a huge diversity of chemical compositions, structural details, and resulting properties.
Achieving pure room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in phenoselenazine-based organic emitters through synergism among heavy atom effect, enhanced n → π* transitions and magnified electron coupling by the A–D–A molecular configuration
Authors: Zhong Daokun , Liu Siqi , Yue Ling , Feng Zhao , Wang Hongyan , Yang Peng , Su Bochao , Yang Xiaolong , Sun Yuanhui , Zhou Guijiang
Published: May 2024

Synergism among heavy atom effect, enhanced n → π* transitions and magnified electron coupling to promote pure RTP emission.
Advances and challenges in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide
Authors: Han Jingyi , Bai Xue , Xu Xiaoqin , Bai Xue , Husile Anaer , Zhang Siying , Qi Luoluo , Guan Jingqi
Published: May 2024

This review highlights the structure–activity relationship of the ECO2RR, provides a detailed summary of advanced materials by analyzing electrocatalytic applications and reaction mechanisms, and discusses challenges in both materials and devices.
Investigating the effect of the micelle structures of block and random copolymers on dye solubilization
Authors: Asada Masahiko , Wakai Airi , Tanaka Hisakazu , Suwa Yukie , Tamura Yuuji , Kouyama Mariko , Osawa Shigehito , Otsuka Hidenori
Published: May 2024

To elucidate the correlation between solubilization of dye as a hydrophobic molecule into micelles and their core–shell aggregated structure, the structures of block and random copolymer micelles were characterized.
Flax fibre reinforced alginate poloxamer hydrogel: assessment of mechanical and 4D printing potential
Authors: de Kergariou Charles , Day Graham J. , Perriman Adam W. , Armstrong James P. K. , Scarpa Fabrizio
Published: May 2024

A new 3D bioprinted biomaterial, with flax fiber-reinforced alginate hydrogel, is developed. The study assesses the impact of flax fibers on 3D printing, mechanical, 4D printing, and geometric properties of the composite.
Solvent-triggered shape change in gradient-based 4D printed bilayers: case study on semi-crystalline polymer networks
Authors: Bonetti Lorenzo , Cobianchi Aron , Natali Daniele , Pandini Stefano , Messori Massimo , Toselli Maurizio , Scalet Giulia
Published: May 2024

4D printing of semi-crystalline polymer networks is explored to obtain solvent-triggered bilayers undergoing out-of-plane bending after immersion in a solvent.
Highly selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to ethane over a petal-like Zn(OH)2/Cu2+1O/Cu foam catalyst at low overpotentials
Authors: Cao Hui-Hui , He Zhen-Hong , Tian Yue , Yang Yue-Xia , Wang Xin , Wang Kuan , Wang Weitao , Wang Huan , Liu Jiajie , Liu Zhao-Tie
Published: May 2024

Due to multiple reaction steps and a lack of efficient catalysts, the synthesis of ethane from the CO2 electroreduction reaction (ECO2RR) is particularly challenging. A Zn(OH)2/Cu2+1O/CF catalyst was applied in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethane, which offers high selectivity at low overpotentials.
Self-assembled polyoxovanadate-intercalated layered double hydroxide nanosheets hybridized with graphene oxide for extrinsic supercapacitors
Authors: Padalkar Navnath S. , Dubal Deepak P. , Park Jong Pil
Published: May 2024

POV intercalated LDH hybridized with GO increases basal spacing, forming a porous structure and improving conductivity. This nanoarchitecture, with expanded surface area and abundant redox sites, provides exceptional electrochemical activity.
Self-assembled two-dimensional metal–organic framework membranes as nanofluidic osmotic power generators
Authors: Su Yuyu , Hou Jue , Zhao Chen , Han Qi , Hu Jian , Zhang Huacheng
Published: May 2024

2D ZnTCPP membranes with nanopores of 1.2 nm and interlayer spacing of 0.9 nm exhibit excellent osmotic power generation.
A supramolecular cascade assembly with a two-step sequential energy transfer process for enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Li Guang-Lu , Niu Kai-Kai , Yang Xuan-Zong , Liu Hui , Yu Shengsheng , Xing Ling-Bao
Published: May 2024

A supramolecular cascade assembly PATT-CB[7]-SBE-β-CD was constructed, which not only exhibited remarkable fluorescence enhancement, but also can be used as an excellent energy donor in a sequential energy transfer process for photocatalysis.
Cholesteric liquid crystal doped with spiropyran and zinc ions for multi-state anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Wang Qingxiu , Zhang Xiandi , Zhou Dong , Chen Yuzhou , Qu Chaofeng , Lu Chunlian , Liu Yongjun
Published: May 2024

With the development of the information age, counterfeit products are rampant.
Deep-tissue NIR-II bioimaging performance of Si-based and InGaAs-based imaging devices using short-wave infrared persistent luminescence
Authors: Chen Yafei , Spinelli Simona , Pan Zhengwei
Published: May 2024

Deep-tissue NIR-II bioimaging performance of Si CCD and InGaAs FPA cameras was evaluated under identical imaging-signal-only tissue environment using 950–1100 nm SWIR persistent luminescence signals from MgGeO3:Yb3+ nanoparticles (NPs).
The Gaia-ESO Survey: No sign of multiple stellar populations in open clusters from their sodium and oxygen abundances
Authors: Bragaglia A. , D’Orazi V. , Magrini L. , Baratella M. , Bensby T. , Martell S. L. , Randich S. , Tautvaišienė G. , Alfaro E. J. , Morbidelli L. , Smiljanic R. , Zaggia S.
Published: May 2024

Context. The light element (anti-)correlations shown by globular clusters (GCs) are the main spectroscopic signature of multiple stellar populations. These internal abundance variations provide us with fundamental constraints on the formation mechanism of stellar clusters.

Aims. Using Gaia-ESO, the largest and most homogeneous survey of open clusters (OCs), we intend to check whether these stellar aggregates display the same patterns. Based on previous studies of many GCs, several young and massive clusters in the Magellanic Clouds, as well as a few OCs, we do not expect to find any anti-correlation, given the low mass of Milky Way OCs.

Methods. We used the results based on UVES spectra of stars in Gaia-ESO to derive the distribution of Na and O abundances and see whether they show an unexplained dispersion or whether they are anti-correlated. By selecting only high-probability members with high-precision stellar parameters, we ended up with more than 700 stars in 74 OCs. We examined the O-Na distribution in 28 OCs with at least 4 stars available as well as the Na distribution in 24 OCs, with at least 10 stars available.

Results. We find that the distribution of Na abundances is compatible with a single-value population, within the errors. The few apparent exceptions can be explained by differences in the evolutionary phase (main sequence and giant post first dredge-up episode) or by difficulties in analysing low gravity giants. We did not find any indication of an Na-O anti-correlation in any of the clusters for which O has been derived.

Conclusions. Based on the very small spread we find, OCs maintain the status of single stellar populations. However, a definitive answer requires studying more elements and larger samples covering different evolutionary phases. This will be possible with the next generation of large surveys.
Mixing is easy: New insights for cosmochemical evolution from pre-stellar core collapse
Authors: Bhandare Asmita , Commerçon Benoît , Laibe Guillaume , Flock Mario , Kuiper Rolf , Henning Thomas , Mignone Andrea , Marleau Gabriel-Dominique
Published: May 2024

Context. Signposts of early planet formation are ubiquitous in substructured young discs. Dense, hot, and high-pressure regions that formed during the gravitational collapse process, integral to star formation, facilitate dynamical mixing of dust within the protostellar disc. This provides an incentive to constrain the role of gas and dust interaction and resolve potential zones of dust concentration during star and disc formation stages.

Aims. We explore whether the thermal and dynamical conditions that developed during protostellar disc formation can generate gas flows that efficiently mix and transport the well-coupled gas and dust components.

Methods. We simulated the collapse of dusty molecular cloud cores with the hydrodynamics code PLUTO augmented with radiation transport and self-gravity. We used a two-dimensional axisymmetric geometry and followed the azimuthal component of the velocity. The dust was treated as Lagrangian particles that are subject to drag from the gas, whose motion is computed on a Eulerian grid. We considered 1, 10, and 100 µm-sized neutral, spherical dust grains. Importantly, the equation of state accurately includes molecular hydrogen dissociation. We focus on molecular cloud core masses of 1 and 3 M⊙ and explore the effects of different initial rotation rates and cloud core sizes.

Results. Our study underlines mechanisms for the early transport of dust from the inner hot disc regions via the occurrence of two transient gas motions, namely meridional flow and outflow. The vortical flow fosters dynamical mixing and retention of dust, while the thermal pressure driven outflow replenishes dust in the outer disc. Notably, these phenomena occur regardless of the initial cloud core mass, size, and rotation rate.

Conclusions. Young dynamical precursors to planet-forming discs exhibit regions with complex hydrodynamical gas features and high-temperature structures. These can play a crucial role in concentrating dust for subsequent growth into protoplanets. Dust transport, especially, from sub-au scales surrounding the protostar to the outer relatively cooler parts, offers an efficient pathway for thermal reprocessing during pre-stellar core collapse.