bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency assessment of laparoscopic vs open alloplasty for incisional ventral hernias
Authors: Feleshtynsky Ya. P. , Lerchuk O. M. , Smishchuk V. V.
Published: January 2022

Materials and methods. During the period from 2009 to 2020 in the clinic of the Department of Surgery and Proctology of the Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, the surgical treatment of 217 patients with IVH was analysed.The choice of laparoscopic hernioplasty or open allohernioplasty was made taking into account the size of the abdominal wall defect and the width of the rectus diastasis. By intraoperatively conducting a study during a surgery for IVH with an abdominal rectus diastasis involving approximation of the rectus muscles and measurement of IAP, it was found that with an abdominal rectus diastasis measuring up to 5 cm IAP increases to 5.6 ± 1.3 mm Hg and the abdominal wall defect is closed without an undue tension of the supporting tissues.Depending on the method of surgical treatment, patients were divided into 2 groups.In group I, 109 (21.5%) patients with small and medium-sized IVH with a diastasis of up to 5 cm underwent laparoscopic allohernioplasty, in particular, 63 patients underwent laparoscopic preperitoneal alloplasty and 46 underwent laparoscopic retromuscular alloplasty.Conclusions. For small and medium-sized IVH with an abdominal rectus diastasis of up to 5 cm, laparoscopic allohernioplasty with preperitoneal and retromuscular placement of the mesh implant and elimination of the diastasis is optimal. In comparison with open retromuscular allohernioplasty, it contributes to a significant reduction in the incidence of seroma (from 35.2% to 3.7%), postoperative wound suppuration (from 6.5% to 0%), inflammatory infiltrate (from 4.6% to 0%), chronic postoperative pain (from 6.4% to 2.6%), and recurrence of hernia (from 6.4% to 0%).
Features of organ-saving foot amputation associated with ozone therapy, local application of autologous platelet-rich plasma and vacuum sanitization of postoperative wound in patients with ischemic-gangrenous form of diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Fundiur V. D. , Grodetskyi V. K. , Yakobchuk S. O. , Khomko O. Y. , Kozlovska I. M. , Fundiur Yu. V. , Fundiur O. V.
Published: January 2022

Improvement of reparative process of the chronic wounds with the insufficiency of peripheral blood suppling in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus is an important issue requiring further investigation. An optimal choice of surgery, effective renewal of blood supply and active stimulation of tissue repair on the cellular level are essential components of success treatment of this problem.Objective of research: From 2017 to 2020, the efficiency of one of the variants of organ-saving surgery performed on 210 patients with an ischemic-gangrenous form of diabetic foot syndrome was studied.Materials and methods. Control group included 104 patients (49.52%), were the treatment carried out in accordance with the standard scheme. The main group (106 patients - 50.47%) in addition to the standard therapy have used regional ozone therapy, vacuum sanitization and local application of autologous platelet-rich plasma (APRP).Results. These proposed measures reduced the period of clinical treatment to 24±1,2 days in the main group compared to 37±2,4 in the control one. 2 years later, patients of the main group confirmed the formation of a foot stump functionally adapted for walking with angular dislocation of fragments of the cuboid and scaphoid bones.Two years after foot amputation due to the ischemic-gangrenous form of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS), the amount of repeated above knee amputations was 1.8 times higher in the control group in comparison with the main group, which is indicative of a reasonable use of the complex of activate a reparative process in the wound.Conclusions: The suggested modification of the organ-saving and partial foot amputation in patients with IV degree of ischemia and DFS is indicative of a possibility to perform such kind of surgery as a variant of choice.The complex of proposed additional measures including regional ozone therapy, vacuum sanitization and local administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma activates a reparative process of a chronic foot wound and promotes an effective treatment of patients with ischemic-gangrenous form of DFS.
Condition of pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems in guinea pigs’ lungs under the condition of immobilization stress
Authors: Kryvko Yurij , Soguiko Yurij , Hot Iryna , Antonenko Yuliia , Baida Mariana , Kovalska Marta
Published: January 2022

We have investigated the results of alterations in indices of pro-oxidant (conjugated diene and malondialdehyde) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, ceruloplasmin, catalase) systems in guinea pigs’ lungs under the conditions of immobilization stress. The experiment was conducted on 40 female guinea pigs weighing 0.18-0.20 kg. The animals were divided into 4 groups, each contained 10 guinea pigs: I – intact guinea pigs (control), II–guinea pigs with model of IS on1st day of experiment;Ш–animals on 2nd  day of experiment;IV- group of animals on 34th day of experimental model of IS.

The results of our experimental work showed a significant accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in the lung`s tissure in different periods (on 1st, 2nd and 34th days) of immobilization stress. The state of antioxidant defence was characterized by moderate decrease of inzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ceruloplasmin). disorders of balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems couse oxidative stress development.
Violation in the axis of the "microbiota of the digestive tract-brain" under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the brain (literature review)
Authors: Tkachuk O. , Tkachuk S. , Povar M. , Denysenko O. , Shtefaniuk V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study is to analyze current views concerning interrelations between the state of intestinal microbiota and the course of ischemic-reperfusion brain injury.  

Conclusion. Literary data are indicative of disputable scientific opinions existing nowadays concerning the role of dysbacteriosis (neuroprotective or neurodegenerative) in the course of ischemic brain injuries. Meanwhile, the studies are in common concerning the evidenced role of the intestinal microbiota in disturbances of T-cell homeostasis, ratio changes of their Treg-Th17 subpopulations, and migration of intestinal lymphocytes to the ischemic brain.
Cystic Fibrosis - Related Diabetes
Authors: Makuch Marcin , Makuch Marcelina
Published: January 2022

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is life-shortening autosomal recessive disease, caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein. The most common of CF complications is cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). The pathophysiology of CFRD is complex. The best test for screening and diagnosis of CFRD is the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Insulin therapy is a treatment of choice in CFDR pharmacotherapy. An inseparable element of CFRD therapy is also physical activity and diet.
The benefits of vitamin D3 supplementation for menopausal women - literature review
Authors: Cyboran Katarzyna , Kuc Monika , Lis Jakub , Machaj Damian , Polak Jakub
Published: January 2022

Witamina D to potoczna nazwa cholekalcyferolu i ergokalcyferolu. Występuje w postaci nieaktywnej, ale w wyniku hydroksylacji w pozycji 1 lub 25 staje się witaminą aktywną. Cholekalcyferol paszy z nieaktywnej formy pod wydanie UV w ciało ciało, natomiast ergosterol jest dostarczany do organizmu z pożywienia roślinnego. Witamina D ma znaczący wpływ na zdrowie kobiet po menopauzie. Poziom estrogenu spada u kobiety w okresie menopauzy. Ma to konsekwencje m.in. ubytki wapnia. To jest powód, dla którego kobiety w tym wieku znajduje się w grupie ryzyka zachorowania na osteoporozę. Witamina D pomaga w przyswajaniu wapnia i fosforu. Te minerały pełnią wolę wolę w okresie menopauzy.Kobiety w tej grupie wiekowej przyjmować od 1000 do 1500 mg dziennie. Nie zaleca się nadmiernego spożycia, przekroczenie normy nie przynosi lepszych efektów. Mimo to wykrycie niedoboru witaminy D u kobiet po menopauzie i rozpoczęcie leczenia pozytywnie wpływ na ich stan zdrowia. [1]
Attitudes of Polish-speaking and English-speaking medical students towards death during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zając Katarzyna Irena , Zdziarski Krzysztof
Published: January 2022

Introduction and purposeLast year, since the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, medical students have faced new challenges, related to growing numbers of people who are and will be hospitalized as well as deaths among patients in healthcare facilities. The purpose of this study, is analysis and comparison of attitudes of Polish-speaking and English-speaking students towards death, during the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and methodThe study was conducted in an electronic form on a group of Polish and foreign exchange students of medical faculties. In total, 277 people aged 19 to 38, including 141 of Polish nationality and 136 of non-Polish nationality, participated in the study. The study used a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Death Attitude Profile (DAP-R-PL). The questionnaire consists of 5 aspects, that relate to different attitudes towards death: fear of death, death avoidance, neutral acceptance, approach acceptance and escape acceptance.ResultsThe most common attitude represented in both groups was neutral acceptance of death. Polish students obtained higher results in scales fear of death and escape acceptance compared to foreing students. The results showed, that the strongest corelation occurs between escape acceptance and fear of death.ConclusionsIn most cases, adaptative beliefs towards death shown by both groups of respondents indicates, that they will handle working with dying patients. However, higher degree of fear of death and escape acceptance amongst Polish students indicates the need to introduce thanatology education into course of studies.
Preparation and dental surgical procedure in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta on the example of a 15-year-old patient with difficult tooth 38 eruption
Authors: Lipczyńska-Lewandowska Małgorzata , Chybicki Damian , Torbicka Gaja , Janas-Naze Anna
Published: January 2022

The article presents a case of surgical extraction of a completely impacted tooth 38 under general anesthesia in a 15-year-old female patient with osteogenesis imperfecta, type III A.
The impact of some morphological and motor characteristics in short distance running
Authors: Ramabaja Q. , Rashiti N. , Shkodra M. , Ramadani L.
Published: January 2022

The knowledge of morphological development and their impact on motor skills in short-distance athletes should be one of the main concerns of athletics coaches, because any scientific research in the field of physical culture and sports is about proving the development and evaluation of anthropological characteristics which are responsible for achieving success in athletics. The purpose of this paper is to confirm the impact of some anthropometric characteristics in the execution of running speeds on short distances, specifically in running at 100, 200 and 400 meters to students aged 18 ± 6 years of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Prishtina. The sample of this research has included a total of 60 students aged 18 years of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Prishtina. The measurements were executed during September in the hall of the Faculty, while the 100, 200, and 400 meter runs in the stadium "Fadil Vokrri" Prishtina. The only condition that was used during the determination of the sample was: that the students are involved in regular physical education classes (and on the day of the measurement be healthy, without the flu, cold or other symptoms). The variables which are applied in this research have been 8 anthropometric variables and 3 motor-specific variables. The results obtained after their processing indicate that the impact of anthropometric variables is higher in running at 100, 200 and 400 meters. Short distance running and long distance running reduces the impact of anthropometric parameters whereas the influence of metabolic factors of energy production is increased.  These results were also confirmed using regression analysis, so that groups of predictors of anthropometric characteristics, specific motor skills that statistically significantly influenced each variable of individual criteria. The world records below the 10-second limit, in the 100 m, near the 9-meter limit, show not only the high level of sports, but also the strong impact on the growth, especially of strength indicators, speed-strength, explosive force, as main and applied motor skills in sports and athlete’s everyday life.
Evalution of the effect of obesity-associated inflammation on the response to complex therapy in hypertensive elderly patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Tofan N. , Tykhonova S. , Iablonska V. , Khyzhnyak O.
Published: January 2022

Object: to identify factors that limit the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy of hypertension (HT) with comorbid coronary artery disease (CAD) in elderly obese patients by determining laboratory and spectroscopy features related to inflammation. Material and methods: 60 patients (68.2 ± 5.9 y.o.) were observed and treated in Internal Medicine Department of University Clinic of Odessa National Medical University. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group included patients (n = 30) with body mass index (BMI) ≤25 kg/m2, HT and co-morbid CAD; the 2nd group (n = 30) - patients with BMI≥30 kg/m2, HT and with co-morbid CAD. For each patient’s group antihypertensive combination of Lisinopril and Bisoprolol was prescribed. The Laser correlation spectroscopy (LCS) was a special method for investigation. Results: before pharmacotherapy (PT) in both groups according to LCS 11-150 nm particles are prevailing. But in obese patients 75th percentile of 31-70 nm particles exceeds that one in non-obese group (56.7% vs 30.5%). During PT systolic blood pressure (SBP) value normalized in the patients of 1st group (without obesity), while in the obese patients (2nd group) SBP remained above target level. Creatinine level increased in patients of  1st group (without obesity) by 16.5 μmol / L (p <0.05) with a decrease in GFR by 17.1 ml/min/1.73 m2 (P <0.05). LCS data during PT show increase of 11-30 nm and decrease of 75-150 nm particles in non-obese patients, while in obese patients 71-150 nm particles are prevailing and 150 nm particles have appeared (p<0.05). Conclusions: 1. In elderly hypertensive patients with concomitant CAD, obesity is a factor limiting the effectiveness of complex antihypertensive therapy. 2. An increase of proportion of allergic-directed and appearance of autoimmune-directed homeostatic shifts in serum according to LCS are associated with a decrease of antihypertensive therapy efficacy in elderly hypertensive patients with CAD and obesity.  3. In hypertensive non-obese patients with CAD under the influence of complex antihypertensive therapy deteriorating of renal function is observed while in obesity renal function is not changed. 4. Homeostatic changes revealed in the second group by LCS values probably reflect manifestation of  low grade inflammatory process caused by excessive activity of adipose tissue.
Dynamics of morbidity of mental disorders of neurotic origin in the Ternopil region in the context of global warmin
Authors: Vadzyuk S. N. , Kharkovska T. V.
Published: January 2022

Relevance: Over the last century, the modern climate is characterized by an average annual increase in global air temperature. According to existing scientific data, heat waves are often accompanied by mental, behavioral disorders that are combined with mood swings and increased anxiety. That is why the analysis of the incidence of mental disorders of the neurotic spectrum in the Ternopil region in the context of global warming is relevant.Materials and methods: To analyze the incidence of mental disorders of the neurotic spectrum, the archival data of the Ternopil Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital for 10 years, from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed. The average annual air temperatures were determined according to the archival data of hydrometeorological observations by the meteorological station of the city of Ternopil during 2010-2019. The growth rate of these indicators was estimated by the time series method. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to measure the degree of linear dependence between two variables, namely the rate of hospitalization growth and the average annual temperature in the region. Tables and graphs are built using Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word.Results: The primary analysis of the incidence of mental disorders of the neurotic spectrum in Ternopil region showed that the percentage growth rate for the year ranged from -19.55% to + 20.62% and it was difficult to determine the direction of this phenomenon. In this regard, we carried out the alignment of the series by increasing the period and determining the arithmetic mean of the data for three years, respectively, we obtained data showing that for 10 years the prevalence of mental disorders of the neurotic spectrum in Ternopil region increased, the growth rate ranged from + 1.66% to + 6.32%.Conclusions: Analyzing the obtained results, we found that in the conditions of global warming in Ternopil region there is a dynamics of growth in the incidence of mental disorders of neurotic origin. Also, by calculating the correlation coefficient, a direct correlation between the increase in the average annual temperature and the increase in morbidity rates was proved. The data obtained should be taken into account in the development of protocols for the prevention and treatment of mental illness associated with the effects of climate change, and will also be used in the educational process at the Departments of Physiology, Pathological Physiology and Psychiatry.
Relationship between metabolic syndrome components in patients with resistant arterial hypertension
Authors: Shmakova I. P. , Panina S. A. , Shishova P. A.
Published: January 2022

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex of interrelated pathological conditions based on insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipoproteinemia, arterial hypertension (AH). MS is a predictor of the cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer and premature death. The incidence of type 2 diabetes increases with age and is 25.2% among the elderly. The prevalence of prediabetes or metabolic syndrome was approximately three times higher. Heart failure is another important cause of morbidity and mortality from the cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that the incidence of hospitalizations for heart failure (adjusted for age and gender) was twice as high in patients with diabetes compared with patients without diabetes. Patients with hypertension and abdominal obesity (AO) have an increased risk of various complications: type 2 diabetes -5-9 times, stroke - 7 times, coronary heart disease - 4 times and mortality - 2 times. Objective: To analyze the relationship between the components of the metabolic syndrome in patients with resistant arterial hypertension (RAH). Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of case histories of 120 patients, including 52 men (43.33%) and 68 women (56.67%) with a diagnosis of RAH and signs of MS. The presence of concomitant pathology, the level of office arterial pressure, pulse pressure (PP) were calculated; body weight, height with calculation of body mass index (BMI); waist circumference (WC), the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and plasma glucose were studied. Student's criterion was used to assess the degree of significance of the differences, p≤0.05 was taken as the critical level of significance. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism among patients with MS and RAH is 67.50%, of which type 2 diabetes makes 50.83%, impaired glucose tolerance - 16.67%. Patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism are 2 times more likely to have complications of hypertension and lower HDL. Women with MS and RAH were significantly older than men and more often had concomitant pathology: morbid obesity (p <0.05), type 2 diabetes mellitus (p <0.05), chronic cerebral ischemia (p <0.05), higher body mass index (p <0.01). Strong correlation between WC and BMI (r = 0.707; p˂0.001), weak direct correlations between WC and PP (r = 0.231; p˂0.05) and WC and TG (r = 0.221; p˂0.05), weak feedback between WC and age (r = -0.188; p˂0.05), and for men direct correlations between WC and TG were confirmed (r = 0.454; p˂0.001), BMI and TG (r = 0.454, p˂0.002).
The effectiveness of systemic enzyme therapy in complex treatment chronic pancreatitis in old age
Authors: Shevchenko N. A. , Babinets L. S.
Published: January 2022

Relevance. The variety of functional changes in internal organs characteristicofgeriatricage necessitates the search for drugs that can exert a multifaceted effect on various links in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in comorbidity with the most common diseases of the elderly. Purpose. Investigation of the effectiveness of the inclusion of a systemic enzyme therapy drug in the complex treatment of chronic pancreatitis in elderly patients. Materials and methods. We examined 77 patients with CP over the age of 66 years, the average age (71.3 ± 1.4) g. Group I of patients with CP (23 patients) - took aconventional therapeutic complex (MC) for three months: pantoprazole 40 mg on an empty stomach according to requirement, continuous enzyme replacement therapy with pure pancreatin in an adequate dose with each meal, prokinetics / or antispasmodics if necessary. Group II consisted of 34 patients with CP (MC + W), in addition to LK, the drug of systemic enzyme therapy (SET) Wobenzym, 5 tablets, was taken. three times a day for three months. The control group consisted of 20 patients without signs of pathology of the digestive system. The parameters of lipid metabolism were determined by the enzymatic-colorimetric method. The assessment of the depth of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (PI) was determined by the level of fecal α-elastase (FαE) by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay using standard BIOSERVELASTASE 1-ELISA kits. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and the statistical package Statistica v. 5.0. Results. Additional inclusion of the drug SET (Wobenzym) in the generally accepted MC promoted a significant improvement in lipid profile parameters in elderly patients with CP, as well as a reliable correction of the excretory function of the P by the level of FαE (from the level of moderate to mild insufficiency). Conclusions. 1) The inclusion of Wobenzym in the general treatment complex contributed toa decrease in the levels of TC, βLP, TG and LDLP by 15.4%, 19.8%, 32.0% and 33.9%, respectively (p <0.001), as well as an increase in the level of HDLP by 21.7% and a decrease in AF (by 41.3%) (p <0.001); 2) under the influence of treatment with the use of Wobenzym, a significant increase in the level of FαE (by 42.6%) was found relative to this indicator to treatment (p <0.001), which significantly exceeded the results (by 15.8%) in the MC group, which were not statistically significant (p> 0.05).
Sonography and multislice contrast tomography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency complicated by trophic ulcers
Authors: Kolomiets O.
Published: January 2022

Sonography has become the gold standard in the diagnosis of pathological changes in venous insufficiency, however, studies by other scientists indicate the need for a comprehensive study using phlebographic methods.

The aim of the work was to compare the results of sonography and multislice tomography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency complicated by trophic ulcers.

Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 97 patients with chronic venous insufficiency in stage C6 and C6r were evaluated. Ultrasound angioscanning of the venous system of the lower extremities at the planning stage of surgical treatment and in the postoperative period (early and after a year of observation) was performed on a digital device of expert class for cardiovascular studies (Toshiba Aplio 500) with 5-10 MHz sensor and appropriate standard software package examination of the venous system of the lower extremities. Multislice computed tomography was performed using X-ray computed tomography (Philips Brilliance 64). The study was performed using X-ray contrast iodine-containing medium (Omnipack-350) at the rate of 1 ml of the drug per kilogram of patient weight.

Research results and their discussion. the sonographic study found that the causes of trophic ulcers were impaired venous blood flow in the veins of the lower extremities due to severe varicose transformation and decompensated reflux, and changes in the deep venous system due to thrombosis of the deep veins.

Greater sensitivity and specificity of multislice computed tomography in the diagnosis of postthrombotic stenoses and obliterations were found compared with sonographic examination. This method is valuable in the study of the anatomy of the venous system, but does not allow to assess the parameters of hemodynamics (duration and degree of reflux, but only its presence).
Modern approaches to the treatment of genital prolapse in obese women
Authors: Safonov R. , Lazurenko V. , Lyashchenko O. , Afanasyev I. , Garkavenko K. , Chernyak O.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The problem of female genital prolapse (GP) remains in the sportlight of gynecologists, because despite the variety of surgical methods, there are still recurrences of the disease, which are associated not only with the failure of the restored ligaments, fascia, muscles, damaged pelvic floor and perineum, but with the imperfection of the operation. The solution of this problem is especially important in the treatment of patients with extragenital pathology, in particular obesity. The purpose: to optimize the treatment of genital prolapse in obese patients by determining an individual approach to planning surgical treatment taking into account the degree of obesity and concomitant pathology. Materials and methods. We examined 65 patients of which 20 had genital prolapse and obesity (main group), 25 had genital prolapse and normal weight (comparison group), 20 women did not have gynecological diseases and extragenital pathology made up control group. To diagnose obesity and determine its degree we calculated body mass index (BMI). To determine the degree of GP its quantitative assessment was used (POP-Q; 1996). Surgical intervention included transvaginal extirpation of the uterus without appendages, anterior colporrhaphy, colpoperineoraphy with levatoplasty, sacrospinal colpopexy. Transabdominal and laparoscopic colposacropexy in obese women were not used due to the presence of relative contraindications for laparoscopy (cardiovascular disease, respiratory pathology, adhesions, the condition after hernias’ surgery). Therefore, all operations on women with GP and obesity were performed transvaginally due to the inability to perform abdominal access. In comparison group transvaginal surgery was performed. All the groups under study were representative. Before the use of polypropylene mesh "Polymesh" to minimize purulent-septic complications associated with the use of synthetic prostheses aquadissection was performed with 0.9% saline with the addition of 1 g of ceftriaxone per 200 ml. After the operation, the women used suppositories with hyaluronic acid (revitax). Results. The results of surgical treatment have been analyzed and the following data were obtained: recurrences in the main and in the comparison group were 4% (2 women in whom operations were performed with the use of their own tissues without  mesh prosthesis). Infectious complications, dyspareunia and pelvic pain were not observed. Conclusions. Surgical treatment of GP in obese women by using polypropylene mesh "Polymesh" for colposacropexy after transvaginal uterine extirpation increases the effectiveness of treatment  and redduces the number of recurrences. Hydropreparation of the mesh with an antibacterial agent and postoperative use of hyaluronidase intravaginally helps to reduce purulent-septic complications of surgery and improves the patients’quality of life.
The results of sphincterometry in patients after sorgion treatment of extrasphintery anal fistula
Authors: Paliyenko R. , Mishura Z.
Published: January 2022

More than 30% of patients with chronic paraproctitis have complex forms. They are most often complicated by external sphincter insufficiency due to deformation of the anal canal and scarring of the sphincters. The main principle of substantiation of surgical treatment of extrasphincteric pararectal fistulas is the individual choice of method in each particular patient. It is based on a comprehensive assessment of such factors as the etiology of the fistula, its distance from the edge of the anus, the relationship of the defect or fistula with the sphincter muscles apparatus, the severity of the scarring process, the functional state of the rectum.

Aim. Evaluation of the functional state of the sphincter apparatus of the rectum in patients with extrasphincteric pararectal fistulas in the preoperative, early and late postoperative periods.

Materials and methods. To determine the average indicators of anal sphincter function, basal tone and maximal compression force were measured using a sphincterometer "Sphinctometer STM-0164-SM" in 114 healthy individuals (68 men and 46 women) of different ages (16 to 80 years) who objectively had no signs of anal incontinence. In all patients, sphincterometry was preceded by a thorough proctological examination, and proctological pathology was excluded. Therefore, hemorrhoids or anal fissures, which lead to increased basal tone at rest, were excluded so as not to lead to falsified values.

Results. Indicators of the maximum compression force in the early postoperative period, ie the compression force of the external anal sphincter, in both groups were significantly lower than preoperative and ranged from 55 to 154 mm Hg, respectively. and from 63 to 137 mm Hg. This can be explained by the presence of a granulating wound in the pararectal tissue, edema and partial injury of the external anal sphincter during surgery.

In the late postoperative period, 6-12 months after surgery, the indicators of basal tone in both groups approached the preoperative indicators. In the main group, the study was performed in 22 patients. In these 22 patients, the tone of the internal anal sphincter did not differ significantly from the preoperative and ranged from 20 to 37 mm Hg. In the control group, in all 32 patients, the basal tone of the anal sphincter was significantly lower than before surgery - from 17 to 28 mm Hg. There were no clinical manifestations of incontinence at rest in either main or control groups.

In the late postoperative period in both groups a decrease in the maximum compression force of the external anal sphincter was revealed. In the main group the maximum compression force of the external anal sphincter varied from 71 to 186 mm Hg, and in the control group from 77 to 135 mm Hg, respectively.

Conclusion. Surgical treatment of patients with extrasphincteric pararectal fistulas significantly reduces the contractile function of the external anal sphincter in the postoperative period, regardless of the choice of surgery.
The severity of essential hypertension in terms of blood pressure values does not depend on NOS3 (rs2070744) and GNB3 (rs5443) genes polymorphisms in the West-Ukrainian population
Authors: Sydorchuk Andrii , Sydorchuk Larysa
Published: January 2022

Objective: to evaluate the association of essential arterial hypertension (EAH) and its severity with genes polymorphism of NOS3 (rs2070744) and GNB3 (rs5443) in West-Ukrainian population.

Materials and methods. One-hundred EAH patients (48 – healthy control) participated in the cohort case-control study. Blood pressure (BP), Creatinine, glucose, lipids panel were studied. GNB3 (rs5443) and NOS3 (rs2070744) genotyping performed by TaqMan probes (CFX96™Real-Time PCR). Risk assessed by Relative Risk, Odds Ratio and 95% Confidential intervals.

Results. A mutation of the NOS3 gene (786T>C, rs2070744) and the GNB3 gene (825C>T, rs5443) in the homozygous state in the West-Ukrainian population suffers from EAH occurs with a frequency of 16.67% and 8.33%, with no differences with the control subjects (p>0.05). In both groups dominate the T-allele of the NOS3 gene and the C-allele of the GNB3 gene: in patients by 12.5% ​​(c2=4.50; p=0.034) and 41.66% (c2=50.0; p<0.001), in the control – by 25.0% (c2=12.0; p<0.001) and 40.0% (c2=33.33; p<0.001), respectively. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis did not confirm the prediction of the EAH appearance by polymorphic variants of the NOS3 (rs2070744) and GNB3 (rs5443) genes. However, the TT genotype of the GNB3 gene (rs5443) increases unreliably the EAH risk almost twice as likely [OR=2.0; OR 95%CI:0.40-10.82; p>0.05]. Epidemiological analysis did not confirm the association of the NOS3 gene with the EAH severity. But T-allele of the GNB3 gene increases the probability of high normal BP almost 5 times [OR=4.86; OR 95%CI:0.99-24.75; p=0.042].

Conclusions: NOS3 (rs2070744) and GNB3 (rs5443) genes polymorphisms are not associated with blood pressure values and EAH severity as well.
Active tourism vs. ‘Krajoznawstwo’: considerations about Polish history and geography in the context of sightseeing the area around the Lake Malta in Poznan
Authors: Rozmiarek Mateusz , Poczta Joanna
Published: January 2022

Among the fastest growing branches of the world economy, tourism is considered to be one of the main ones. It provides an opportunity to travel and explore the surrounding reality, including the diverse landscape. One of the most popular forms of tourism is still active tourism, which has a mass range and thus offers a more accessible educational offer in the field of natural and cultural heritage, history or geography. In Poland this is referred as ‘Krajoznawstwo’. The concept has not yet found an equivalent name in English, but it is very much related to tourism. In the Polish capital of Greater Poland region – Poznan, the area around Lake Malta is one of the areas where one can see many objects of interest for people who collect information about the area in the context of gathering knowledge about the country and the region. Not only a geographer or a biologist, but also all those who are comprehensively interested in the natural and cultural heritage, and in the future even in the history of the local participants in the Olympic Games, will find some information there.

The main goal of the study is to is to show that “krajoznawstwo” has many features in common with active tourism and can thus be translated into English, where there is no clear equivalent word. The second goal is to present the area of the Malta Lake in Poznań as a case study, a place for the realization of sightseeing interests and active tourism.
Clinical and psychopathological features of patients with type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kondratenko A.
Published: January 2022

Today, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered to be the most important nosological cause of decreased cognitive functions. A number of studies have found that hyperglycemia and duration of diabetes are associated with cognitive deficits, with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus being 20% in men and 18% in women over 60 years of age.

To achieve this goal, it was conducted a comprehensive clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic examination of 82 patients with moderate type 2 diabetes mellitus (46 women and 36 men) aged 35.9±10.1 years in accordance with the principles of bioethics and deontology. The mean duration of diabetes was 7.9±5.2 years. The severity of diabetes in most cases was defined as moderate (84.1%), and in 15.9% of cases corresponded to severe. 30.2% of patients used insulin as a basic hypoglycemic therapy, 69.8% - tablets.

According to the analysis of the emotional state of patients with T2DM were characterized by complaints of low, depressed mood (69.5% of examined patients), uncontrolled emotional reactions (46.2%), feelings of anxiety, constant internal tension (44.7%), paresthesias (29.1%), sleep-wake cycle disorders (56.2%), general weakness, lethargy and fatigue (58.2%), fatigue (90.0%), frequent mood swings, with a predominance of decreased mood background (23.3%), emotional lability with excessive vulnerability and sensitivity (16.6%), irritability (16.6%).

The clinical and psychopathological structure of emotional disorders is represented by anxious (43.4%), depressive (26.6%), astheno-hypochondriac (19.8%), hysteroform (10.2%) syndromes. Clinical examination of patients with DM showed that more often (in 95.0% of cases) in patients with T2DM there is a decrease in memory of auditory and visual modality, impaired intellectual abilities, slow thinking, lack of attention and information processing.
Pathogenetically substantiated complex therapy program of anxiety disorders in internally displaced persons
Authors: Tolstaya T.
Published: January 2022

Victims of local armed conflicts have suffered psychological trauma, in connection with which they have specific clinical and psychological characteristics of experiencing crisis situations.Forced resettlement is accompanied by transformation of the entire system of socio-psychological relations, which ultimately risks the formation of a psychological state of maximum disintegration and maladaptation. Material and methods. A comprehensive examination of 150 patients with anxiety disorders was conducted to address this goal. Patients were both sexes, aged 20-55 years. The main group consisted of 84 patients (44 women and 40 men) who participated in the developed comprehensive therapeutic program, the control group - 66 patients (34 women and 32 men) who received standard regulated therapy. The following examination methods were used in the study: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and statistical. A complex therapy program was developed and tested, based on the data obtained during this study. It was made for the treatment of anxiety disorders with differentiated use of psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Pharmacotherapy included differentiated use of anxiolytics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (sertraline) and combined serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine, mirtazapine). During our research it was developed and tested a personalized system of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders. Analysis of indicator’s quality dynamics showed that improvement of perception of physical condition in the main group increased by 39.8% of examined, in the control - by 21.1%; the sense of action independence improved by 59.8% and 36.3%, respectively; job satisfaction by 69.8% in the main and in the control – 32.2%; feeling of spiritual realization – 71.1% and 22.1% – respectively.
Morphometric aspects of studying the features of remodeling of atrial structures at postresection portal hypertension
Authors: Gdanska N. , Hnatjuk M. , Tatarchuk L. , Monastyrska N.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Removal of the left and right lateral lobes of the liver in white rats leads to postresection portal hypertension, which is characterized by dilation and plethora of the hepatic portal vein, mesenteric veins, esophageal and gastric veins, veins of the anterior abdominal wall, splenomegaly, ascites and multiorgan failure.

Objective of the research: to study the features of remodeling of the structures of the atria at postresection portal hypertension histostereometrically.

Materials of the research and their discussion. The peculiarities of remodeling the structures of the atria were histostoreometrically studied in 65 adult white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups: the 1- consisted of 20 intact animals, the 2 – 30 rats with postresection portal hypertension, which was modeled by removal of the left and right lateral lobes of the liver, the 3 – 15 animals with postresection portal hypertension and multiorgan failure. One month after the start of the experiment, rats were euthanized by bloodletting under conditions of thiopental anesthesia. Histological micropreparations were used to determine the diameters of cardiomyocytes of the left and right atria, diameters of their nuclei, nuclear-cytoplasmic relations, relative volumes of cardiomyocytes, capillaries, stroma, stromal-cardiomyocyte, capillary-cardiomyocyte relations, relative volumes of damaged cardiomyocytes. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically.

Results of the research and their discussion. Histostereometrically, it was found that postresection portal hypertrophy leads to hypertrophy of atrial cardiomyocytes, their nuclei, growth of stromal structures, relative volumes of damaged cardiomyocytes, disorders of tissue and cellular structural homeostasis. The revealed features of remodeling of the studied structures dominated in the left atrium at combination of postresection portal hypertension with multiorgan failure.

Conclusions. Postresection portal hypertension leads to pronounced remodeling of the structures of the left and right atria, characterized by hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, changes in their nuclear-cytoplasmic relations, an increase of the relative volume of stroma, damaged cardiomyocytes, pronounced disorders of tissue and cellular structural  homeostasis. The revealed morphological changes dominated in the left atrium at combination of postresection portal hypertension with multiorgan failure.
DNA typing of the gastric mucosa of patients with chronic duodenal ulcer
Authors: Kharchenko A. , Yelinska A.
Published: January 2022

The work involved a molecular biological technique (ISSR-PCR) using ISSR-primer S-2, with structure (AGC) 6G. Changes in the gastric mucosa in chronic duodenal ulcer disease against the background of severe chronic atrophic gastritis have been analyzed. Noteworthy is the fact that there is a strong correlation between the degree of dysplasia of the epithelium of the gastric mucosa and the mitotic index, the Pearson's correlation coefficient rxy was 0.853, respectively. A strong and very strong correlation relationship between the indicators of the degree of dysplasia of the epithelium of the gastric mucosa by phenotypic characteristics and indicators of DNA typing of samples of the gastric mucosa, the Pearson's correlation coefficient rxy was 0.863, respectively.

DNA profiles of the gastric mucosa of patients with duodenal ulcer according to the results of typing by the ISSR-PCR method ranging from 520 to 620 bp. had the character of microsatellite expansions and differed from the profile of the norm, which is evidence of precancerous changes.
Influence of millimeter electromagnetic waves on the functional capabilities of the lower limb muscles in athletes - volleyball players
Authors: Nasibullin G. , Bobro E. , Gushcha S. , Badiuk N.
Published: January 2022

The authors, when observing 22 athletes - volleyball players of different volleyball specialization, assessed the effect of millimeter electromagnetic waves (EMW) on the functional state of the muscular system of the lower extremities. The electromagnetic effect was carried out using the "Complex SP 80" apparatus (frequencies 3900 - 4120 kHz were used). Electrodes were applied to the muscles of the thigh and lower leg, sinusoidal discharges were applied for 10 seconds during the strength training period. The results of observations showed that under the influence of EME, the height of the jump increases by 7%, due to the increase in the energy of the jump and its intensity. The release of the activity of the knee joint is also noted. The authors believe that under the influence of EME, the transmission of regulatory impulses in neuromuscular contact improves, which contributes to the synchronization and strength of contractions of the muscle fiber bundles. Also, under the influence of EMW, blood microcirculation in the muscle improves.
Formation of regional inter-sectoral complexes of recreation and tourism activity as a sign of structural reorganization of the economy
Authors: Sych Vitaliy , Yavorska Victoria , Kolomiyets Kateryna
Published: January 2022

Changes taking place in recent decades in the global economy have led to the formation and development of new highly differentiated inter-branch complexes, rather than separated industries. In the global economy, such reorganization is marked by the formation of new sectors of the economy, one of which is a sector of socio-natural types of economic activity. At the level of regions, new integration formations are developed - regional inter-sectoral recreational complexes (IcRC). The purpose of our study is to substantiate the formation of regional inter-sectoral complexes of recreational and tourist activities (RTA) in the conditions of radical restructuring of the economy of post-industrial civilization. Inter-sectoral complex RTA is a set of different types of activities of the population - economic and non-economic, as well as leisure forms that provide the needs of the population of the region (countries) in recreation services, health improvement, healing and tourism, accompanying social services and recreational and tourist infrastructure. The study presents an author's vision of the composition and structuring of the regional inter-sectoral complex of recreation and tourism activity. The developed model of the inter-sectoral complex RTA covers all varieties of recreational activities with all its forms - tourism, organized recreation, unorganized (amateur) mass recreation, household recreation. The geographical bases for the formation of regional inter-sectoral recreational complexes are serving recreational and tourist resources - destinations that determine the specialization of the region by types of RTA. Depending on the level of development of RTA in the region, the RTA management systems may form. At the local and regional levels, the RTA nodes will be destinations - local and regional concentration of recreational and tourist resources with appropriate infrastructure. On the global (international) level, RTA retains a network form of a territorial organization, whose nodes are world centres and areas of tourism, as well as the main areas of formation of tourist flows.
Influence of some anthropometric and motor parameters on triple jump
Authors: Ramadani L. , Rashiti N. , Shkodra M. , Heta G.
Published: January 2022

Athletics disciplines are characterized by motor movements that can be successfully applied during the educational process or through other forms of exercise, which significantly affect the development of general psychophysical abilities of individuals. Each of the disciplines of athletics acts on the development of individual abilities, but also on the general psychophysical status of man and for this reason athletics is called the "queen of sports". Athletic activities have a characteristic of participant inclusion.The values of the paper will be based on the purpose of anthropometric, basic motor and specific motor characteristics of students aged 21 years ± 6 months.A total of 70 male students, 7 anthropometric variables, 7 motor variables and 1 specific motor variable that were tested during the period of May, of the academic year, 2020/2021 were included in the research.In the basic parameters students, based on the results achieved in this anthropometric variable, are presented as a moderately homogeneous group.Although it is seen that the acquired flexibility and convexity (Skewness and Kurtosis) have a pronounced asymmetry, in the vast majority of anthropometric variables. Although it is seen that the acquired flexibility and convexity (Skewness and Kurtosis) have a pronounced asymmetry, in the vast majority of motor and criterion variables. Thus the statistically significant coefficients of the variables with the highest degree of statistical inference (p <0.01) are denoted by two asterisks. With easier statistical conclusion criterion (p <0.05) correlation coefficients. All variables have statistically significant correlation to all anthropometric, basic and criterion motor variables.