bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Fermentation Strategies for Enhanced Tryptophan Production in Escherichia coli: Integrating Genetic and Environmental Controls for Industrial Applications
Authors: Ramos-Valdovinos Miguel Angel , Martínez-Antonio Agustino
Published: September 2024

Tryptophan is an essential aromatic amino acid widely used in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries. Microbial fermentation, mainly using Escherichia coli, has become the preferred method for its production due to sustainability and lower costs. Optimizing tryptophan production requires careful control of various fermentation parameters, including nutrients, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. Glucose, as the primary carbon source, must be fed at controlled rates to avoid metabolic overflow, which leads to byproduct accumulation and reduced production efficiency. Nitrogen sources, both organic (such as yeast extract) and inorganic (like ammonium), influence biomass growth and tryptophan yield, with ammonium levels requiring careful regulation to avoid toxic accumulation. Phosphate enhances growth but can lead to byproduct formation if used excessively. pH is another critical factor, with an optimal range between 6.5 and 7.2, where enzyme activity is maximized. Temperature control promotes growth and production, particularly between 33°C and 36°C. High DO levels increase tryptophan titers by boosting the pentose phosphate pathway and reducing byproducts like acetate. Furthermore, surfactants and supplements such as betaine monohydrate and citrate help alleviate osmotic stress and enhance precursor availability, improving production efficiency. Careful manipulation of these parameters allows for high-density cell cultures and significant tryptophan accumulation, making microbial fermentation competitive for large-scale production.
Phase Error Correction in Magnetic Resonance: A Review of Models, Optimization Functions, and Optimizers in Traditional Statistics and Neural Networks
Authors: Jiang Aixiang
Published: September 2024

Phase errors in magnetic resonance (MR) techniques, including Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), pose significant challenges to data accuracy and interpretation. As MR technologies advance, the demand for more sophisticated phase correction methods continues to grow, enhancing diagnostic precision and analytical outcomes. This review explores the evolution of phase correction models, beginning with simple global phase shifts, progressing through traditional linear statistical models, and culminating in modern machine learning techniques—specifically, neural networks. We also examine a range of optimization functions and optimizers, including both MR data-specific and common statistical approaches, applied in phase error correction. Despite notable progress, challenges remain in developing fully automatic phase error correction methods, particularly given the absence of ground truth in real-world MR data. This review highlights key methods, discusses their limitations, and proposes future pathways, including ensemble learning, that could guide further innovation in phase error correction.
AIVA: A Mobile Application for AI-Based Vital Signs Assessment Based on Video from Smartphone Camera
Authors: Jimeno Sánchez-Patón Paloma , Fuentes Moro Diego , Luengo López Inmaculada , Ortiz Canepa José Ignacio
Published: September 2024

Heart rate and blood pressure, along with body temperature and respiratory rate, are two of the four parameters used to assess the state of bodily functions, as both measures are indicators of heart activity. Therefore, these measurements become a basic procedure in patient diagnosis, necessitating techniques that can obtain them accurately and reliably, while being as non-intrusive as possible for the patient. Using video data, these two vital signs can be determined at any time and place. To achieve this, artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning and deep learning 6 can be applied to overcome the main limitations of conventional remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). This document explains the technical and methodological aspects involved, including the acquisition and preprocessing of video data, the extraction of the rPPG signal, and its subsequent processing, as well as the artificial intelligence model for heart rate estimation and the mathematical modeling for blood pressure estimation. We compared the results for heart rate and blood pressure extracted from videos recorded by a basic smartphone front-camera to a blood pressure monitor and achieved results with reasonable accuracy and correlation. These results are part of the AIVA project, grant agreement 2021/C005/00145071. This project has been funded by Red.es through the Spanish 2021 call for grants aimed at research and development projects in artificial intelligence and other digital technologies.
On Geometry, Arithmetics and Chaos
Authors: Andersen Lars
Published: September 2024

Our main result is that chaos in dimension $n+1$ is a one-dimensional geometrical object embedded in a geometrical object of dimension $n$ which corresponds to a $n$ dimensional object which is either singular or non-singular. Our main result is then that this chaos occurs in the first case as either on an isolated or non-isolated singularity. In the first case this chaos is either boundary chaos or spherical chaos which is what happens also in the non-singular case. In the case of an isolated singular geometry one has chaos which can either be boundary, spherical or tubular chaos. We furthermore prove that the prime numbers display quantum behaviour.
Exploring the Role of Genetic and Environmental Features in Colorectal Cancer Development: An Agent-Based Approach
Authors: Ledda Marco , Pluchino Alessandro , Ragusa Marco
Published: September 2024

Complexity of issues in cancer research has led to the introduction of powerful computational tools for helping experimental in vivo and in vitro methods. These tools, typically focused on studying cell behavior and dynamic cell populations, range from systems of differential equations solved numerically, to lattice models and agent-based simulations. In particular, agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly used for they capability to incorporate multi-scale features ranging from the individual up to the population level, thus combining statistically aggregated assumptions with individual heterogeneity. In this work, we present an ABM that simulates tumor progression in a colonic crypt, with the aim of providing an experimental in silico environment for testing results achieved in traditional laboratory research and developing alternative scenarios of tumor development. The model also allows some speculations about causal relationships in biologically inspired systems.
Tensor Lorentz Force Representation Yields a New Electromagnetic Canonical Energy-Momentum Tensor
Authors: Collin Serge
Published: September 2024

As is known, the Maxwell stress-energy tensor typically used in electromagnetism is not a canonical tensor in the sense of Noether, since its four-divergence is not zero in the presence of sources, in other words, outside of free space. Indeed, the result provided by the calculation of the four-divergence of this tensor is the opposite of the four-vector generalizing the Lorentz force density. The idea is to associate with it a tensor constructed from potentials and sources, such that its four-divergence is the opposite of that of the Maxwell tensor. The distribution of sources will also be analyzed in light of fluid mechanics, allowing us to account for its influence in terms of generated pressure.
Basics of Parametric Decay Instability in Magnetized Plasma
Authors: Shesterikov Ilya
Published: September 2024

Parametric decay instabilities frequently occur in wave interactions. These instabilities typically have thresholds for wave amplitudes. They arise when nonlinearity, such as a spatial pressure inhomogenety, couples different waves. For these instabilities to arise, the waves must satisfy frequency and wavenumber matching conditions, which follow from the laws of energy and momentum conservation. However, parametric instabilities are not limited to wave interactions; the simples form of parametric instability is parametrically coupled oscillators. Magnetized plasma represents a unique wave medium in which numerous waves of various polarizations and spatial-temporal scales are easily excited and weakly damped. The greater the number of wave types, the easier it is to satisfy resonance conditions like the frequency and wavenumber matching conditions, and thus parametrically excite, or "drive" new waves from the initial wave. Therefore, in magnetoactive plasma, all known types of parametric instabilities can arise.
Design and Testing of Almaty Ankle Exoskeleton V.2
Authors: Zhetenbayev Nursultan , Ceccarelli Marco , Russo Matteo
Published: September 2024

This paper presents the development and testing of the passive Almaty Ankle Exoskeleton V.2. The device features a new design with three electric linear actuators, and the shin and foot platforms are connected by links with spherical and universal joints. Functional testing demonstrates the prototype's ability to operate effectively within the natural range of ankle joint movements. Preliminary results indicate that the exoskeleton can reduce calf muscle activation in the work limb where the device is applied. In this the passive exoskeleton is designed for dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, whose operation with numerical results is highlighted by focusing on parameters such as angular velocity, linear acceleration, and angles. These measurements provide valuable information about the exoskeleton's performance and efficiency.
Experimental Evaluation of an Innovative Connection for the Reinforcement of Existing Infilled RC Buildings
Authors: Mehdipour Zabih , Poletti Elisa , Fontes André C. , Branco Jorge M.
Published: September 2024

The retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panels presents a promising approach for enhancing seismic performance and overall structural resilience. However, effective integration of CLT with existing RC structures poses significant challenges, particularly concerning the design of connections between CLT panels and the RC structure. This paper introduces a novel connection that addresses these challenges by focusing on both structural and architectural considerations. Structurally, the connection is engineered to provide optimal stiffness, strength, and deformation capacity, ensuring robust performance under seismic and dynamic loads. Architecturally, the design incorporates a pre-defined weak component that facilitates easy access and rapid replacement of damaged parts, thereby reducing downtime and maintenance efforts. The proposed connection was evaluated through a series of monotonic and cyclic loading tests, demonstrating its structural efficiency and reliability. The results indicate that the new connection system not only meets the necessary structural requirements but also offers practical benefits for maintenance and repair, contributing to the overall sustainability and resilience of retrofitted RC buildings. This innovative approach represents a significant advancement in the field of structural retrofitting, providing a viable solution for integrating CLT panels into existing RC frameworks.
The “Politi-COVID (USA)” Epidemic in the “Pre-Election” America, 2020 and 2024
Authors: Biro Jan Charles
Published: September 2024

Background: The COVID infection became the source of serious disagreements between scientists, doctors, politicians and private citizens, directly after it’s detection in the population in January 2020. The pandemic had some very unusual properties as well as the people’s reaction to it. It was feared, that the virus might be used, intentionally or accidentally, to interfere with the usual, democratic way of the upcoming election. Objective: Re-search the original COVID statistic and metadata to obtain better understanding of the pandemic including the biological (viral) as well as the social (human) aspects of it. Provide a professional, independent, non-biased view of the pandemic, that is not polluted by political and media suggestions. Methods: Publicly available data – covering the first 5 months of the COVID pandemic, 2020 Jan-May - were collected and analyzed with the usual, common statistical methods, like student’s t-test and regression analyses.The political attitude of the states were characterized by a ratio (D/R) of the number of left, democrat (D) and right, republican (R) oriented citizens in the respective states, as determined by opinion research. Results: De novo statistical analyzes of publicly available data (covering the initial five months of the pandemic) suggests that the negative medical consequences of COVID pandemic were significantly more expressed in “democrat-dominated” (D) states than in “republican-dominated”, (R) states. The proportion of COVID test positive persons was higher in D-states (6.831 +/- 1605, n=14 and 1,165 +/- 323, n=13 respectively, p<0.001). The difference in mortality was even more striking, 8-times more person/million population died in COVID related conditions in solid D states than in solid R states (438 +/- 128, and 59 +/- 13; p<0.001, respectively). The COVID associated mortality increased two fold from right to left on the political scale of the states (2.7% +/- 0.3 vs. 5.3% +/- 0.5, p<0.001). The correlation between COVID deaths (mortality) and the age/pre-existing medical condition(s) of the diseased is very strong (R2= 0.98) and the overwhelming majority of COVID “victims” are persons who were close to death even independently of the epidemic. Conclusions: Alarming signals regarding the dangerousness of COVID infection seems to have originated in a few states with predominantly left oriented citizens (high D/R ratio). The COVID mortality statistic seems to be seen and analyzed with little or no respect for the context of mortality caused by other well-known diseases or even by the natural, age related deaths. We conclude that it is absolutely necessary to pay serious attention to the correct analyses and interpretation of the epidemic data to avoid being misled or manipulated by false circumstances.
Gelfand Triplets, Ladder Operators and Coherent States
Authors: Blazquez Maria , Gadella Manuel , Trejo Gerardo Jimenez
Published: September 2024

In the present paper and inspired with a similar construction on Hermite functions, we construct two series of Gelfand triplets each one spanned by Laguerre-Gauss functions with a fixed positive value of one of their parameters, considered as the fundamental one. We prove the continuity of different types of ladder operators on these triplets. Laguerre-Gauss functions with negative value of the fundamental parameter are proven to be continuous functionals on one of these triplets. Different sorts of coherent states are considered and proven to be in some spaces of test functions corresponding to Gelfand triplets.
Perceived Barriers and Enablers to Take Iron Supplementation Regularly Among Adolescent Girls in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayanty Healthy , Hasan Nurzakiah , Irmayanti Irmayanti , Yuliana Yuliana , Helmizar Helmizar
Published: September 2024

Non-compliance with iron supplementation consumption contributes to the high rate of anemia among adolescent girls in Indonesia. This study explores the barriers and enablers perceived by adolescent girls regarding regular iron supplement consumption. Using a qualitative design, eight focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in Makassar and Padang involving 32 girls grade 8 and 9 from four junior high schools. Data on perceived barriers and enablers were collected using a social cognitive theory framework and analyzed thematically. The average age of the informants was 13,65±0,60 years. Although all participants received supplement at school, most did not consume them regularly. Key barriers include dislike of the taste and smell, parental prohibition negative experience consuming iron supplement, and the belief that iron supplements increase menstrual blood flow and volume. Enablers include self-awareness of the supplement’s benefits, trust in school-provided supplements, and positive support from parents and peers. Behavior change strategies are needed to address these barriers and strengthen supporting factors to improve iron supplementation consumption.
Pension Risk and the Sustainable Cost of Capital
Authors: Klumpes Paul John Marcel
Published: September 2024

The consistent recognition of both explicit short term and implicit long term elements of post-retirement contracts between employees and the firm can have a significant implication for estimating a firms long term sustainable cost of capital. In this paper, we show that the significant levels of investment in company own stock by pension and post-retirement plans can effectively dilute the interest of pre-existing shareholders in the enterprise value of corporations in ways which are not revealed by a classic entity theory perspective on equity. We test the empirical implications of adopting a pre-existing shareholder model of the reporting entity to re-examine the relationship between a firm’s sustainable cost of capital and various sources of idiosyncratic risk. We find that the estimated cost of capital is sensitive to: (a) alternative explicit versus implicit definitions of pension liability; (b) the nature and scope of long-term deferred compensation arrangements; and (c) the scope and nature of investment-related risks through investment in sponsoring company stock that are associated with these pension arrangements.
Bacterial Communities from the Antique Roman City of Carnuntum (Austria):16S r-RNA-Based Comparison of Soil Samples from Different Archaeological Horizons
Authors: Köhler Johann Michael , Ehrhardt Linda , Günther Peter Mike , Cao Jialan , Konecny Andreas
Published: September 2024

During recent archeological excavations in the Roman city of Carnuntum three spots with residues of streets, houses and side buildings from the time span between 1st and 4th century have been investigated. 40 soil samples taken from different layers gave the possibility to investigate the local soil bacterial communities by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA. The background of this study was to check similarities and differences in the composition of microbial communities and to check of special types of proved bacteria or groups of them could be related to the archaeological findings. In result, the 16S rRNA data shows similarities between some samples, but also important differences in the compositions of soil bacterial communities of single samples. On the one hand, some samples are distinguished by the dominance of single major components from other samples. On the other hand, specific differences between soil samples are reflected by the patterns of mediate and less abundant bacterial groups. This supports the hypothesis, that differences in soil bacteria composition are strongly influenced by differences of the deposed soil material and, therefore, dependent on ancient human activities which created the deposits and local ancient environmental conditions many hundred years ago. This “echo” of ancient human impact on local soil bacteria composition is reflected, for example, by manure- and oil-related OTUs originating from two different street surfaces as well as by contaminated and mixed soil fills and ancient hearths and fire places. The findings support the concept of “ecological memory of soil” meaning that early impacts impress traces in the composition of soil bacterial communities which are detectable up to the present.
Training and Resources Related to the Administration of Sedation by Nurses During Digestive Endoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hidalgo-Cabanillas Miriam , Laredo Aguilera Jose Alberto , López Fernández-Roldán Ángel , Molina Madueño Rosa Maria , Rodriguez Muñoz Pedro Manuel , Tejero Carlos Navarrete , López-González Ángel , Rabanales Sotos Joseba Aingueru , Carmona-Torres Juan Manuel
Published: September 2024

Background: The healthcare professional who performs sedation for digestive endoscopy procedures is usually the nurse. Therefore, knowledge and training on the part of the nurse is an important factor for the correct sedation of the patient and may affect, among other factors, the quality of health care and the recovery and well-being of the patient. Objective: To determine the training opportunities and resources available to the specialists involved indigestive endoscopy services in hospitals in Spain in which sedation is performed by the nursing staff.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed in the Digestive Endoscopy Service at Toledo University Hospital and nearby hospitals in central Spain. The sample consisted of 75 nurses who administer sedation in digestive endoscopic procedures. Results: Regarding the training of nurses, the vast majority were generalist nurses, and only a small percentage obtained specialized training through ongoing training. Most had been working in the service for more than two years, and very few had previous experience in sedation, although the vast majority currently applied sedation. Life support training was also critical. There were significant differences in the availability of resources between different hospitals. Conclusions: The training of nurses who perform sedation in digestive endoscopy services could be improved since there is a high proportion of personnel without specific training in sedation before starting to work in the service. It is crucial to implement targeted and ongoing training programs to improve competencies in this area, as they are essential to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Given the variability in resources and personnel training that exists between different hospitals, it seems important to establish standards at the institutional level.
Food insecurity, subjective well-being and the use of social networking services in Brazil between 2014 and 2018
Authors: Braz Golgher André
Published: September 2024

The great Brazilian recession was the most marked drop in economic activity in Brazil between the end of the Second World War and the Covid-19 pandemics. This economic crisis may have long lasting and non-anticipated negative consequences on Food Insecurity (FI) and on Subjective Well-Being (SWB). In addition, SWB is increasing linked to the use of Social Networking Services (SNS). The paper used data from World Value Survey (WVS) and logistic and ordered logistic models to empirically test a few hypotheses. The empirical results showed that: FI is negatively correlated with life satisfaction, but not with happiness; FI is unrelated to SNS use as still few people use them and the population groups that suffer from FI insecurity poorly overlap with the one that use SNS daily; SWB had positive relationships with SNS when the use was not very widespread; Associations between SWB and SNS use became negative as SNS use became more widespread.
Identification of Pathogens Causing Important Diseases in Leatherleaf Fern (Rumohra adiantiformis) and In Vitro Inhibition using Bacillus velezensis B-27
Authors: Tsaniyah Barokati , Joko Tri , Widiastuti Ani
Published: September 2024

Leatherleaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis) is a famous ornamental-leaf plant that has been used by florist entrepreneurs around the world. It is one of the leading export commodities in Indonesia, however, currently, there are some diseases of this leaf reported in the field causing yield loss and reducing the economic value. This study aimed to identify the pathogens causing the recent 3 significant diseases of leatherleaf fern, including leaf blight, leaf tip rot, and post-harvest leaf rot, and in vitro analysis of beneficial bacteria, Bacillus velezensis B-27, against the pathogens. The methods used in this study were isolation, pathogenicity test, morphological observation, molecular identification of pathogens, and poisoned food technique of B. velezensis against those pathogens compared to fungicides and bactericides. The results of molecular identification showed that Neopestalotiopsis sp. and Pantoea ananatis caused leaf blight, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami triggered leaf tip rot, while Calonectria sp. and P. ananatis contributed to post-harvest leaf rot. Based on in vitro analysis, B. velezensis B-27 reduced the growth of the Neopestalotiopsis sp. DM C with the highest inhibition of 95.6%, Neopestalotiopsis sp. DM B with 84.3%, F. oxysporum f. sp. sesami with 61.9%, Calonectria sp. with 93.4%, and inhibited the growth of P. ananatis by producing a clear zone. This research concludes that B. velezensis B-27 has the potential as a biocontrol against pathogens causing significant diseases in leatherleaf ferns due to its ability to inhibit pathogens and its advantage as a beneficial microbe that is environmentally friendly to support sustainable agriculture.
Impact of Agricultural Technical Efficiency on Farm-Gate Emission: An Implementation of Environmental Kuznets Curve in Asian Developing Countries
Authors: Nugroho Agus Dwi
Published: September 2024

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) explains that economic activities in developing countries, including agriculture, increase environmental damage. Increased technical efficiency is one approach that is frequently suggested for reducing the negative impacts of farming practices. Unfortunately, there are no studies that investigate this at the macro (national) level. This study examines the impact of technical efficiency on farm-gate emissions in Asian developing countries. Data were collected from 25 developing countries in Asia from 1992 to 2021 and were analyzed using frontiers and the generalized method of moments. The findings demonstrate that technical efficiency is insufficient to prevent increases in CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions. This finding is consistent with the EKC. Gas emissions also rise because of gross domestic product (GDP) and population growth. Human development is the only way to prevent a rise in emissions of these 3 gases. Meanwhile, renewable energy and food prices have varying impacts on CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions reduction. Therefore, based on these findings, it is suggested that developing countries increase the utilization of natural production factors and organic farming, improve human capital development, and conduct a wise selection of renewable energy sources.
Resistance of Doubled Haploid Rice Lines with Green Super Rice Characters to Bacterial Leaf Blight
Authors: Nurhidayah Siti , Purwoko Bambang Sapta , Dewi Iswari Saraswati , Suwarno Willy Bayuardi , Lubis Iskandar , Yuriyah Siti
Published: September 2024

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a significant disease attacking rice crops worldwide. This disease attacks at various stages of plant growth and causes significant yield loss. Breeding new varieties resistant to BLB is important to support sustainable agriculture in the future. This study aimed to identify new superior green super rice (GSR) lines resistant to BLB disease. The experiment evaluated the resistance of lowland rice lines obtained from anther culture using a factorial randomized complete block design. The 1st factor was genotype, consisting of 20 lines, 2 checks of commercial varieties (Inpari 42 Agritan GSR and Inpari 18), a resistant check (Conde), and a susceptible check (Taichung Native 1). The 2nd factor was BLB pathotypes (i.e., III, IV, and VIII). Quantitative data on disease severity and severity index were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-Dunnett test at 5% level. The results showed that the interaction between genotype and pathotype affected the disease severity and severity index in both growth phases. The tested lines exhibited varying resistance, from susceptible to resistant, to BLB. Four lines (SN 11, 13, 57, and 58) showed moderate to resistant criteria for BLB disease of 3 pathotypes in both growth phases. The selected lines can be used as a source of parents for breeders and candidates for new superior varieties with BLB resistance properties to support the reduction of synthetic chemical bactericide inputs and control BLB disease. However, further field evaluations are necessary to assess their performance.
Elucidations of Present Situation of Preparedness for Natural Disasters at Home in Japan and its Effective Factors
Authors: Kimura Reo , Sato Shosuke , Yi Tai-Young , Nakazawa Kosuke , Matsukawa Anna , Tsujioka Aya , Ohtsuka Rika
Published: September 2024

This study elaborates on the measures to improve preparedness for natural disasters by elucidating the present situation of preparedness for natural disasters at home in Japan as well as the effective factors to promote such preparedness. An Internet monitoring survey was conducted throughout Japan, and valid responses (n=1,599) were obtained. To measure preparedness for natural disasters at home, we used 31 items, including the ones in the “public opinion poll on disaster management” conducted by the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. The Internet monitoring survey revealed that approximately 30% of the respondents arranged for articles they may require in the event of a disaster and had contemplated their evacuation actions immediately after a disaster. The Internet monitoring survey results were compared with the results of the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan’s public opinion poll. It revealed that the internet monitoring survey results better represent the tendency of the Japanese people as a whole. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine six independent variables—age, marital status, prior disaster experience, awareness of hazard maps, disaster imminence, and communal exchanges—statistically significant as effective factors to improve preparedness for natural disasters at home. Particularly, considering a large standardizing coefficient (β) for awareness of hazard maps, it is proposed that the most effective measure to improve preparedness for natural disasters at home to comprehend the risks posed to one’s community and own house is by using the opportunities of disaster prevention education and drill rather than simply viewing the hazard maps aimlessly.
Quality Assessment of Multiple UAV-SfM DEMs Derived for Impact Assessment of a Co-Seismic Avalanche in the Himalayas
Authors: Sunako Sojiro , Fujita Koji , Yamaguchi Satoru , Inoue Hiroshi , Immerzeel Walter W. , Izumi Takeki , Kayastha Rijan B.
Published: September 2024

Combined with the structure from motion (SfM) technique, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are powerful tools for generating high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) for application in hazard assessments. During our field observations in October 2015 at Langtang Village, which was destroyed by the Gorkha earthquake in April 2015, three different UAVs with mounted cameras were operated to evaluate the volume of the avalanche deposit covering the village. This study evaluated the performance of DEMs created from the different cameras on board those UAVs. Multiple DEMs for the different cameras, including Sony-α7R (PA7), Ricoh-GR (XGR), and Canon-IXUS (EIX), were created using SfM software. All DEMs were compared with a base DEM created from differential global positioning system survey data, which was obtained simultaneously with the UAV campaigns. The results show that the elevation difference of PA7-, XGR-, and EIX-DEMs are within ±0.14 m; the standard deviations of elevation difference range from 0.33 to 0.40 m. Although there were slightly larger differences in elevation on the southwest-to-west sides of the XGR- and EIX-DEMs, which can be attributed mainly to the flight paths and ground control point network, our DEMs are still of high enough quality to be used in hazard assessments.
The Mosque as a Source of Community Prosperity: Lessons from the Jogokariyan Mosque
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Hudiwasono Kodar , Rahmi Rieny Fadhilah , Rahmi Rieny Fadhilah , Ningrum Cahya , Basdiati Basdiati
Published: September 2024

The research was conducted to analyze the role of programs to increase the independency and prosperity of community held by the Jogokariyan Mosque in Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research methode is qualitative method with the approach of Interactive Model Analysis was used along with the observation during the period of January, 2022 until March 2022. The study showed that Jogokariyan Mosque conducted programs in field of social, economic, health, education and covid-19 pandemic handling. In the social Jogokariyan Mosque’s have program Jogokaryan Ramadhan village, Jogokariyan Mosque’s Rice ATM, and Jogokariyan’s Public Market. In the economics Jogokariyan Mosque’s have program the development of Small Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMME), At the during the covid-19 pandemic Jogokariyan Mosque’s Special Program. Jogokariyan Mosque programs could be used as a lesson learned on how a mosque could improve its role in the community to accelerated the increase of community prosperity.
Metode Sosio-Historis Abdullah Saeed dalam Penafsiran Ayat Waris: Studi Kritis
Authors: Ahmad Syarif Mas'ud
Published: September 2024

In interpreting Qur'anic verses, contemporary Muslim thinkers usually argue that the current context and the context in which the verse was revealed are different. This necessitates a new method to produce contemporary Islamic laws that are different from the Islamic laws of the seventh century Hijri. One of them is the law of inheritance. Abdullah Saeed believes that the inheritance laws used since the past are no longer in accordance with the context of today. Many women are now economically independent, have educational and employment opportunities. By looking at the differences in these conditions, Saeed proposes the idea of re-reading the inheritance verse, and then replacing the law with other possibilities. Saeed's method contradicts the pious salaf scholars’ interpretation methods. Therefore, this article explains, analyzes, and critically examines the socio-historical method offered by Abdullah Saeed in interpreting the verse of inheritance. The article found that Saeed's attempt causes a change in meaning, because interpretation will continue to change in accordance with the changing times. Changes are not only made to relative verses (mutaghayyirāt), but also to absolute verses (tsawābit). Furthermore, this socio-historical model of interpretation changes the structure of the Islamic religion, including inheritance.
Isolasi Senyawa Alkaloid dari Tumbuhan Mahoni (Switenia mahagoni Jacq)
Authors: Taupik Muhammad , Nurrohwinta Djuwarno Endah , Adam Mustapa Moh
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa Alkaloid yang terkandung didalam biji buah mahoni (Switenia mahagoni Jacq). Senyawa target hasil isolasi diidentifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Proses pengambilan senyawa menggunakan metode refluks hingga diperoleh ekstrak kental berwarna hijau gelap sebanyak 27 gram. Identifikasi awal dilakukan dengan skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak kental methanol, meliputi skrining senyawa alakaloid, flavonoid, dan saponin. Proses fraksinasi dilakukan dengan sistem partisis cair-cair menggunakan n-heksanaa dan metanol dan selanjutnya hasil partisi dipekatkan dengan rotary evaporator. Fraksi metanol dielusi pada plat KLT (Kromatografi Lapis Tipis) guna mendapatkan formulasi eluen terbaik untuk dilanjutkan pada Kromatografi Cair Vakum (KCV) dan diperoleh formula eluen terbaik n-heksanaa:metanol (4:1). Proses pemisahan menggunakan KCV dengan silica gel 60 PF254, dengan system eluen n-heksana:metanol bergradien. Isolat dievaluasi kemurniannya menggunakan KLT. Isolat diidentifikasi menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan serapan diperoleh pada panjang gelombang gelombang 208, 240, 286 nm. Nilai absorbansi berturutturut 0,318; 0,852; dan 0,443 A. Hasil interpretasi data mengkonfirmasi bahwa terdapat ikatan rangkap terkonjugasi dikarenakan serapan terbentuk pada panjang gelombang 250-800 nm. Diduga terjadi transisi nπ* yang mengindikasikan gugus N-H dengan abrosbansi pada rentang ultraviolet kuarsa (200-400 nm).
Uji aktivitas antioksidan serum kombinasi ekstrak kulit udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) dan ekstrak batang tebu hijau (Saccharum officinarum) dengan metode DPPH
Authors: Lady Diana , Hasan Rahmawaty , Ningsih Venny Diah , Auliya Risa Wahyu
Published: September 2024

Penggunaan antioksidan dapat mengatasi paparan radikal bebas sehingga menekan stress oksidatif. Antioksidan merupakan senyawa dengan molekul yang dapat memberikan elektronnya kepada molekul radikal bebas sehingga dapat memutus reaksi berantai dari radikal bebas. Serum adalah sediaan kosmetik yang memiliki konsentrat tinggi dengan kemampuan penetrasi lebih dalam untuk menghantarkan zat aktif ke dalam kulit, sehingga lebih efektif mengatasi paparan radikal bebas pada kulit. Kulit udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) dan batang tebu hijau (Saccharum officinarum) memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan aktivitas antioksidan serum kombinasi ekstrak kulit udang vannamei dan ekstrak batang tebu hijau. Metode terdiri dari pembuatan 3 formula serum dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kulit udang vannamei dan ekstrak batang tebu hijau dengan evaluasi sediaan terdiri dari uji organoleptik, pH, homogenitas, daya sebar dan viskositas. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH yang diukur dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serum antioksidan kombinasi ekstrak kulit udang vannamei dan ekstrak batang tebu hijau memenuhi evaluasi sediaan yang baik dengan uji organoleptik, nilai pH, homogenitas, daya sebar dan nilai viskositas yang memenuhi persyaratan sediaan serum yang baik. Adapun aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat terdapat pada formula 2 dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 53 ppm dan formula 1 dengan nilai IC50 57,9 ppm, serta formula 3 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lemah dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 163 ppm.
The relationship analysis of the traditional medicine knowledge level and self-medication knowledge level on the practice the use of traditional medicine at the University of Darussalam Gontor
Authors: Islamanda Cania Sofyan , Gani Andayana Puspitasari , Endarti Dwi
Published: September 2024

The use of traditional medicine aims to provide preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative measures against a disease. Self-medication is one of the curative health efforts that is often carried out by the community to prevent the disease they are suffering from, as an act of selecting and using medication without a doctor's prescription to treat disorders and symptoms of disease. This research aims to increase understanding, knowledge, and practice of traditional medicine self-medication. This type of research is observational-quantitative, using a cross-sectional approach, which is a research design to study correlation techniques between risk factors and the factors that influence them. Data collection used questionnaires distributed directly with a sample size of 481 respondents. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the entire research sample data in the form of sociodemographic data, level of knowledge, self-medication, and practice of using traditional medicine. The inferential analysis used is the Spearman rank correlation test to see the relationship between variables. The results of the research show that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of traditional medicine and the practice of using traditional medicine by respondents of (p value=0.001) and r value = 0.146 and there is a significant relationship between knowledge of self-medication and the practice of using traditional medicine of (p value= 0.005) and r value = 0.128 so this research is in the same direction.
 
Keywords: knowledge, practice, self-medication, traditional medicine
المعالم المنهجية في دراسة القضايا القرآنية عند الفاروقي والعطاس
Authors: Rochmad Rochmad , Elatrash Radwan Jamal Yousef
Published: September 2024

Ismail Raji al-Faruqi and Sayyid Muhammad Naquib al-Attas were the founders of the Islamization of Knowledge movement. As Muslim philosophers, both have their own methods in formulating thoughts that originate from the Qur’an and Sunnah. So this research tries to reveal the method of Ismail Raji al-Faruqi and Sayyid Muhammad Naquib al-Attas in revealing the meanings contained in the verses of the Qur'an. This research uses a descriptive analysis method to compare the interpretation methods used by al-Faruqi and al-Attas. Among the conclusions of this research is that al-Faruqi uses an axiological approach in interpreting the Qur'an, where the verses of the Qur'an have a multi-level axiological value. Whereas al-Attas uses a semantic approach in interpreting the verses of the Qur'an and refers to elements of bil ma'tsur such as the Hadith of the Prophet SAW.
No Maior São João do Mundo Tem Lugar pra Todo Mundo?: Branding na Gestão de Eventos
Authors: Jordão Braga Dias Cleysson Ricardo , Barbosa da Silva Anielson
Published: September 2024

Contexto do caso: Este caso para ensino apresenta os desafios da consolidação do branding na gestão das duas principais festas de São João do Brasil, localizadas nas cidades de Caruaru e Campina Grande. A narrativa descreve o conflito entre os artistas tradicionais do forró e, as prefeituras e artistas de outros ritmos, que culminou na criação da campanha #DevolvaMeuSãoJoão. Os artistas veteranos do forró apontam a perda de identidade dos festejos juninos.
Dilema do caso: Desse modo, a história, o crescimento e profissionalização do “Maior São João do Mundo” direcionam o público e autoridades ao dilema sobre a possível descaracterização do branding desses eventos.
Fechamento do caso: O Caso possibilita a reflexão sobre os desafios no planejamento estratégico de eventos públicos para consolidação das dimensões da gestão de branding e do mantra de marca nos aspectos culturais, sociais e econômicos. O Caso é baseado numa situação real, e foi construído com dados públicos encontrados em sites de notícias.
Cuando los Alcaldes Contaminan
Authors: Santos Robinson Andrey Luis dos , De Menezes Larrauscaim Igor , De Freitas Claílton Ataídes , Perozo Daniel
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analizar en qué medida la ideología de los alcaldes y las elecciones municipales repercuten en la generación de emisiones contaminantes.
Marco teórico: Teorías del ciclo político y preferencia partidaria.
Metodología: Se recopiló información de 5434 municipios que abarcan el período 2000-2019. Las emisiones de CO2 se utilizaron como indicador del daño ambiental. Para las variables política izquierda, derecha y ciclo electoral se crearon dummies. Estos efectos fueron controlados por PIB, área de cosecha, densidad de población y partido del presidente durante el período analizado. Debido a la estructura y disponibilidad de la información, se utilizó un panel de datos con efectos fijos.
Resultados: Se comprobó que tanto los alcaldes de derecha como los de izquierda han incorporado las demandas ambientales a la práctica política durante el ejercicio de sus mandatos. Sin embargo, no puede decirse lo mismo de lo que ocurre en años electorales. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran que el impacto de las políticas de autopromoción en el período estudiado puede reflejarse en el medio ambiente como consecuencia de un efecto de derrame del gasto público en la relación producción-medio ambiente
Originalidad: No se identificaron estudios que relacionen ideología, ciclos políticos y emisiones de CO2 para Brasil.
Contribuición: Es necesario que la sociedad vigile no sólo las finanzas públicas, sino que también supervise las consecuencias de las acciones públicas sobre el medio ambiente durante el ciclo electoral.
Palabras clave: Contaminación, Ideología, Ciclo Político, Municipios, Brasil.
Mapeamento Sistemático da Produção Científica recente em Governança Pública
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Marcelo , Vicentin Ivan Carlos
Published: September 2024

Objetivo da pesquisa: Este artigo realiza um mapeamento sistemático da produção científica, uma modalidade de estudo bibliométrico, sobre o tema governança pública, dos artigos das bases Scopus e Web of Science, no período de 2018 a 2022.
Enquadramento teórico: Mapeamento sistemático da produção científica – análise bibliométrica sobre governança pública.
Metodologia: Submissão de string de busca nas bases, geração de arquivos com dados bibliométricos; mescla de dados das bases e retirada de dados duplicados visando gerar relatório bibliométrico. Análise quanto ao ano de publicação do artigo, país de origem, número de citações por país e por artigo, número de colaborações entre autores de países diferentes, número de artigos por país, por autor e por revista, índice de impacto do autor, coocorrência de palavras-chave e redes de cocitação.
Resultados: A área de governança pública apresenta tendência de crescimento, é uma temática presente em pesquisas ao redor do mundo inteiro, com intensa colaboração entre países da América do Norte, Europa, Ásia e Oceania. A coocorrência de palavras-chave permitiu identificar clusters que indicam subáreas de pesquisa como inovação, política pública, redes e coprodução. Em relação às redes de cocitação, foi possível identificar que o autor Osborne é a principal referência na área.
Originalidade: Governança Pública comporta diferentes abordagens e entendimentos o que gera temáticas diversas de pesquisa. Não se identificou estudos bibliométricos do tipo mapeamento sistemático sobre este tema.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: Este artigo contribui para o desenvolvimento crítico da área de governança pública ao auxiliar os pesquisadores a definir caminhos de estudos futuros a partir dos resultados do mapeamento sistemático, em especial sob a ótica brasileira.
Palavras-chave: Governança no setor público, Administração Pública, New Public Management, Coprodução.
EARLY DIAGENESIS GEOCHEMISTRY OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE PLEISTOCENE CORE OF LAKE KOTOKEL (Eastern Baikal Region)
Authors: Leonova G.A. , Maltsev A.E. , Kondratieva L.M. , Bychinsky V.A. , Miroshnichenko L.V. , Krivonogov S.K.
Published: September 2024

Chemical composition of bottom sediments and pore waters of organic-mineral sediments (sapropel) of Lake Kotokel (Eastern Baikal region) has been studied, based on long drilling cores, 14.5 and 16.5 m. A reduction type of diagenesis has been established, during which destruction of organic matter, transformation of the chemical composition of pore waters and the formation of authigenic minerals occur. Even in the uppermost intervals of sapropel, organic matter is being profoundly transformed and differs significantly in composition from that of bioproducers (plankton). The major role in diagenetic transformations of organic matter belongs to different physiological groups of microorganisms, primarily heterotrophic, amonifying and sulfate-reducing bacteria. During diagenesis, the basic chemical composition of pore waters (HCO3–, SO42–, Cl–, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) changes, trace elements (Fe, Mn, Sr, Ba, Pb, As, Co, Ni) redistribute, concentrations of HCO3–, NH4+, PO43− and Si increase; this is caused by destruction of organic matter. In the process of bacterial sulfate reduction in pore waters, the concentration of SO42– decreases along the depth of the section, and in the sediment the proportion of reduced forms of sulfur increases and the isotopic composition of sulphur δ34S changes. Transformation of chemical composition of pore waters and the activity of microorganisms leads to the formation of authigenic pyrite, rhodochrosite, and barite.