bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A hybrid algorithm of grey wolf optimizer and harris hawks optimization for solving global optimization problems with improved convergence performance
Authors: Tu Binbin , Wang Fei , Huo Yan , Wang Xiaotian
Published: December 2023

The grey wolf optimizer is an effective and well-known meta-heuristic algorithm, but it also has the weaknesses of insufficient population diversity, falling into local optimal solutions easily, and unsatisfactory convergence speed. Therefore, we propose a hybrid grey wolf optimizer (HGWO), based mainly on the exploitation phase of the harris hawk optimization. It also includes population initialization with Latin hypercube sampling, a nonlinear convergence factor with local perturbations, some extended exploration strategies. In HGWO, the grey wolves can have harris hawks-like flight capabilities during position updates, which greatly expands the search range and improves global searchability. By incorporating a greedy algorithm, grey wolves will relocate only if the new location is superior to the current one. This paper assesses the performance of the hybrid grey wolf optimizer (HGWO) by comparing it with other heuristic algorithms and enhanced schemes of the grey wolf optimizer. The evaluation is conducted using 23 classical benchmark test functions and CEC2020. The experimental results reveal that the HGWO algorithm performs well in terms of its global exploration ability, local exploitation ability, convergence speed, and convergence accuracy. Additionally, the enhanced algorithm demonstrates considerable advantages in solving engineering problems, thus substantiating its effectiveness and applicability.
Atmospheric pathway of marine heatwaves over the Northwestern Pacific
Authors: Noh El , Kim Joowan , Jun Sang-Yoon , Pak Gyundo , Kim Joo-Hong , Kim Hyeong-Gyu
Published: December 2023

This study analyzes the influence of the Pacific–Japan (PJ) atmospheric teleconnection pattern and its interaction with oceanic processes on sea surface warming over the Northwestern Pacific. The PJ pattern is a thermally driven Rossby wave that originates over the tropical western Pacific through deep convection and propagates toward high latitudes. It plays a significant role in sea surface warming by inducing anticyclonic circulation and the corresponding northwestward extension of the subtropical high over the Northwestern Pacific. This study revealed that the key processes responsible for sea surface warming were an increase in insolation and a decrease in the ocean-to-atmosphere latent heat flux under the anticyclonic conditions driven by the PJ. This finding provides valuable insights into the role of atmospheric processes, we refer to it as the “atmospheric pathway”, in the development of East Asian marine heatwaves (MHWs). A detailed understanding of this process will contribute to the prediction and mitigation of MHWs in East Asian countries.
The impact of high-speed rail on SO2 emissions—based on spatial difference-in-differences analysis
Authors: Yan Na , Sun Youshuai , Lin Shanlang , Wang Jingxian , Wu Tuolei
Published: December 2023

SO2 emissions have brought serious hidden danger to human health and environmental quality, thus hindering sustainable economic development. The development of high-speed rail indirectly has an important impact on SO2 emissions through its economic effects. Controlling SO2 emissions from the source has increasingly become the focus of many scholars, and it is very important to assess the environmental effects of high-speed rail on SO2 emissions reduction. We use the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2007 to 2017, and adopt the spatial Difference-in-Differences model to study the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on SO2 emissions. We also introduce an improved spatial DID model that distinguishes neighboring treatment groups and neighboring control groups to test the spatial spillover effect of high-speed rail on neighboring heterogeneous samples. We find that the opening of high-speed rail significantly reduces the city’s SO2 emissions through the internal accumulation effect of technological innovation and industrial structure optimization and the urban external interaction mechanism of the cross-regional flow of production factors. Moreover, the spatial spillover effect of the opening of high-speed rail on neighboring cities is significantly positive, especially the spatial spillover effect of HSR on SO2 emissions from neighboring cities without HSR. In addition, heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect varies with the different cities’ tiers and income levels. These findings are conducive to accurately assessing the environmental effects of high-speed rail, and provide important policy references for achieving sustainable development and reducing SO2 emissions.
Medial meniscus extrusion is invariably observed and consistent with tibial osteophyte width in elderly populations: The Bunkyo Health Study
Authors: Negishi Yoshifumi , Kaneko Haruka , Aoki Takako , Liu Lizu , Adili Arepati , Arita Hitoshi , Hada Shinnosuke , Momoeda Masahiro , Huang Hui , Tomura Jun , Wakana Suguru , Shiozawa Jun , Kubota Mitsuaki , Someya Yuki , Tamura Yoshifumi , Aoki Shigeki , Watada Hirotaka , Kawamori Ryuzo , Negishi-Koga Takako , Okada Yasunori , Ishijima Muneaki
Published: December 2023

We reported that the full-length width of medial tibial osteophytes comprising cartilage and bone parts correlates with medial meniscus extrusion (MME) in early-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, no data exist on the prevalence of MME and its relationship with osteophytes in the elderly population. 1191 elderly individuals (females 57%; 72.9 years old on average) in the Bunkyo Health Study underwent standing plain radiograph and proton density-weighted MRI on knee joints. MRI-detected OA changes were evaluated according to the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score. A new method of assessing the cartilage and bone parts of osteophytes was developed using pseudo-coloring images of proton density-weighted fat-suppressed MRI. Most subjects showed Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1 or 2 radiographic medial knee OA (88.1%), MME (98.7%, 3.90 ± 2.01 mm), and medial tibial osteophytes (99.3%, 3.27 ± 1.50 mm). Regarding OA changes, MME was closely associated with the full-length width of medial tibial osteophytes (β = 1.114; 95% CI 1.069–1.159; p < 0.001) in line with osteophyte width (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.804; 95% CI 0.783–0.823). Our data revealed that MME and medial tibial osteophytes are observed in the elderly and demonstrate that the degree of MME is consistent with the full-length width of medial tibial osteophytes, suggesting that osteophytes might be implicated in MME.
Development of four-bar polycentric knee joint with stance-phase knee flexion
Authors: Phoengsongkhro Santiphap , Tangpornprasert Pairat , Yotnuengnit Pattarapol , Samala Manunchaya , Virulsri Chanyaphan
Published: December 2023

A conventional 4-bar polycentric knee and solid ankle cushion heel foot (SACH foot) have been commonly used in developing countries. However, they cannot perform stance-phase knee flexion, which makes a person with an amputation walk unnaturally and with less stability. This research proposes a novel design of a 4-bar polycentric knee with stance-phase knee flexion ability (4BSF), which can perform both stance and swing-phase knee flexion, like able-bodied gait. In the proposed conceptual design, the instantaneous center of rotation (ICR) path is repositioned during the stance phase. The ICR was placed in front of the ground reaction force (GRF) to initiate knee flexion during the loading response. The prototype was validated by a single-subject pilot study at the Gait analysis laboratory. The results showed that a person with an amputation walks with stance-phase knee flexion using the proposed 4BSF. The maximum knee flexion angle is more than 10° during the stance phase. Furthermore, when the 4BSF was used with a SACH foot, the amount of time to achieve the foot flat was shorter, and the foot flat duration time was twice as long as the conventional 4-bar polycentric knee.
An anomaly detection method for identifying locations with abnormal behavior of temperature in school buildings
Authors: Wickramasinghe Ashani , Muthukumarana Saman , Schaubroeck Matt , Wanasundara Surajith N.
Published: December 2023

Time series data collected using wireless sensors, such as temperature and humidity, can provide insight into a building’s heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Anomalies of these sensor measurements can be used to identify locations of a building that are poorly designed or maintained. Resolving the anomalies present in these locations can improve the thermal comfort of occupants, as well as improve air quality and energy efficiency levels in that space. In this study, we developed a scoring method to identify sensors that shows collective anomalies due to environmental issues. This leads to identifying problematic locations within commercial and institutional buildings. The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) based anomaly detection method was applied to identify collective anomalies. Then, a score for each sensor was obtained by taking the weighted sum of the number of anomalies, vertical distance to an anomaly point, and dynamic time-warping distance. The weights were optimized using a well-defined simulation study and applying the grid search algorithm. Finally, using a synthetic data set and the results of a case study we could evaluate the performance of our developed scoring method. In conclusion, this newly developed scoring method successfully detects collective anomalies even with data collected over one week, compared to the machine learning models which need more data to train themselves.
Reduced period from follicular wave emergence to luteolysis generated greater steroidogenic follicles and estrus intensity in dairy cows
Authors: Minela T. , Gibb P. , McBeth S. , Santos A. , Pursley J. R.
Published: December 2023

The onset of productive life in dairy cattle, concomitant to parturition, is accompanied by a substantial decrease in fertility in comparison with non-lactating, nulliparous heifers. Follicular growth patterns differ between parous and nulliparous dairy cattle. Nulliparous heifers ovulate follicles with reduced antral age (RAA). This study aimed to exogenously reduce ovulatory follicle age in lactating dairy cows from 7 to 5 days old. Cows (n = 80) had their estrous cycles synchronized with the Double-Ovsynch program. At the final portion of this program, luteolysis was induced at either 5 (RAA) or 7 (Control) days following follicular wave emergence. RAA outcomes were estimated in comparison with Controls. RAA resulted in smaller follicles 2 days post-treatment. Despite lower serum concentrations of 17β-estradiol before treatment compared with Controls, the rate of increase in this hormone was greater for the RAA treatment. There was no difference in luteolysis rates between treatments. Proestrus (luteolysis onset to estrus onset) was prolonged in RAA cows. Cows with RAA had more intense estruses. Collectively, these results indicate that decreasing the age of the ovulatory follicle may improve the steroidogenic capacity of the dominant follicle and estrus expression intensity in lactating dairy cows.
The application of machine learning approaches to determine the predictors of anemia among under five children in Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Kassaw Abdulaziz , Yimer Ali , Abey Wondwosen , Molla Tibebu Legesse , Zemariam Alemu Birara
Published: December 2023

Health professionals need a strong prediction system to reach appropriate disease diagnosis, particularly for under-five child with health problems like anemia. Diagnosis and treatment delay can potentially lead to devastating disease complications resulting in childhood mortality. However, the application of machine learning techniques using a large data set provides scientifically sounded information to solve such palpable critical health and health-related problems. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the predictors of anemia among under-5 year’s age children in Ethiopia using a machine learning approach. A cross-sectional study design was done using the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 data set. A two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique was employed to select the samples. The data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences/SPSS version 25 and R-software. Data were derived from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Boruta algorism was applied to select the features and determine the predictors of anemia among under-5 years-old children in Ethiopia. The machine learning algorism showed that number of children, distance to health facilities, health insurance coverage, youngest child’s stool disposal, residence, mothers’ wealth index, type of cooking fuel, number of family members, mothers’ educational status and receiving rotavirus vaccine were the top ten important predictors for anemia among under-five children. Machine-learning algorithm was applied to determine the predictors of anemia among under- 5 year’s age children in Ethiopia. We have identified the determinant factors by conducting a feature importance analysis with the Boruta algorithm. The most significant predictors were number of children, distance to health facility, health insurance coverage, youngest child’s stool disposal, residence, mothers’ wealth index, and type of cooking fuel. Machine learning model plays a paramount role for policy and intervention strategies related to anemia prevention and control among under-five children.
Developing a new multi-featured chitosan-quinoline Schiff base with potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities: design and molecular modeling simulation
Authors: Abdel-Baky Yasser M. , Omer Ahmed M. , El-Fakharany Esmail M. , Ammar Yousry A. , Abusaif Moustafa S. , Ragab Ahmed
Published: December 2023

A new chitosan Schiff base was developed via the reaction of chitosan (CH) with 2-chloro-3-formyl-7-ethoxy quinoline (Q) derivative. The alteration in the chemical structure and morphology of CHQ derivative was confirmed by 1H NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM analysis. The antibacterial activity was considerably promoted with increasing quinoline concentration up to 1 M with maximal inhibition reached 96 and 77% against Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Additionally, CHQ derivative afforded higher ABTS·+ radical scavenging activity reached 59% compared to 13% for native chitosan, approving its acceptable antioxidant activity. Moreover, the developed CHQ derivative can stimulate the glucose uptake in HepG-2 and yeast cells, while better inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase was accomplished with maximum values of 99.78 and 92.10%, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular docking simulation clarified the binding mode of CHQ derivative inside the active site of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, suggesting its potential use as diabetes mellitus drug. The DFT calculations indicated an improvement in the electronic properties of CHQ with a lower energy band gap reached 4.05eV compared to 5.94eV for CH. The cytotoxicity assay revealed the safety of CHQ towards normal HSF cells, hypothesizing its possible application as non-toxic antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic agent for biomedical applications.
Drug monomers from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. promoting tight junction protein expression for therapeutic effects on lung cancer
Authors: Zhu Guanghui , Li Daorui , Wang Xueqian , Guo Qiujun , Zhao Yuanchen , Hou Wei , Li Jie , Zheng Qi
Published: December 2023

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used for treatment of various diseases, including cancer by activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Tanshinone (TanIIA) and cryptotanshinone (CPT) are major lipophilic compounds extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., which are considered to be the effective compounds affecting the efficacy of the anti-tumor therapy of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. We have explored the mechanism of CPT and TanIIA exerting inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to provide experimental data support for guiding the translational development and clinical application of anti-tumor components of TCM. The subcutaneous tumor model and in vitro culture model of A549 cells was constructed to evaluate CPT and TanIIA's tumour-inhibitory effect respectively. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and signalling pathways related to CPT and TanIIA treatment. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to explore the mechanism of CPT and TanIIA intervention on NSCLC. Both CPT and TanIIA significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 tumor cells and tumor growth in animal models. After intervention, the migration ability decreased and the level of apoptosis increased. RNA-seq results showed that both CPT and TanIIA could cause gene differential expression, miR-21-5p as one of the most significant gene expression differences between the two groups, and could act on cell connectivity. CPT and TanIIA play a regulatory role in regulating tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO1), and Occludin mRNA and protein levels were reduced in an in vitro miR-21-5p overexpression A549 cell model. The mechanisms may be related to the reduction of miR-21-5p expression to increase the level of promoted tight junction protein expression for the purpose of inhibiting proliferation and invasion of NSCLC.
DSM-5 conduct disorder and symptoms in youths at high risk of psychosis in Kenya with DSM-5 mental disorders and substance use: towards integrated management
Authors: Ndetei David M. , Mutiso Victoria , Musyimi Christine , Momanyi Reinpeter , Nyamai Pascalyne , Tyrer Peter , Mamah Daniel
Published: December 2023

Little is known about the prevalence of Conduct Disorder (CD) and symptoms of CD in high risk psychosis persons at both clinical and community populations in LMICs and in particular Kenya. This study aimed to document (1) the prevalence of CD diagnosis and symptoms in youth who screened positive for psychosis and (2) the associated mental disorders and substance use in the same cohort in LMIC. The sample size was 536 students who had screened positive on the Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) from a population of 9,742 high school, college and university students, but had not converted to a psychotic disorder. We collected data on socio-demographic characteristics and used the following tools: Economic indicators tool; the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) tool for DSM-5 diagnosis; World Health Organization (WHO) Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Basic descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Pearson correlation and Poisson regression were conducted. Five percent (5%) of the respondents met the criteria for DSM-5 CD. Indeterminate CD comprised 10.1%. Male gender, all substances except hallucinogens lifetime, obsessive compulsive disorder, psychosis, agoraphobia, social phobia, drug abuse/dependence, antisocial personality disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, suicidality, WERCAP screen for bipolar disorder and WERCAP screen for schizophrenia were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with CD. Deceitfulness or theft criteria symptoms showed that CD had no significant gender difference. Criteria symptoms in aggression to people and animals, destruction of property and serious violations of rules were more common among males. Our findings suggest the need to screen for and diagnose CD, mental disorders and substance use in high risk psychosis youths in Kenya. This will inform integrated management.
A pilot study of non-invasive diagnostic tools to detect Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease
Authors: Liao En-Chih , Yu Ching-Hsiang , Lai Jian-Han , Lin Ching-Chung , Chen Chih-Jen , Chang Wen-Han , Chien Ding-Kuo
Published: December 2023

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can lead to various digestive system diseases, making accurate diagnosis crucial. However, not all available tests are equally non-invasive and sensitive. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of non-invasive and invasive diagnostic tools for H. pylori infection and assess their correlation with esophagogastroduodenoscopic (EGD) findings. The study utilized the Campylobacter-Like Organism (CLO) test, serum anti-HP IgG blood test, and C-13-urea breath test (UBT) to diagnose H. pylori infection. A total of 100 patients with peptic ulcer symptoms, including 45 males and 55 females, were recruited for the study. Symptomatic patients between the ages of 20–70, eligible for EGD examination, were enrolled. Each diagnostic test and any combination of two positive tests were considered the reference standard and compared against the other diagnostic methods. Additionally, the relationship between these diagnostic tests and EGD findings was evaluated. Among the participants, 74.0% were diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease through EGD. The UBT demonstrated the highest Youden's index, ranging from 58 to 100%, against all the non-invasive tests. The IgG blood test displayed the highest sensitivity at 100%, with a specificity of 60–70%. On the other hand, the CLO test exhibited the highest specificity at 100% and a sensitivity of 50–85%. Furthermore, only the CLO test showed a significant association with esophageal ulcers (p-value = 0.01). The IgG blood test holds promise as a primary screening tool due to its exceptional sensitivity. While the UBT is relatively expensive, its non-invasive nature and high sensitivity and specificity make it a potential standalone diagnostic test for H. pylori infection. Moreover, the noteworthy negative correlation between the CLO test and esophageal ulcers provides evidence of the differing effects of H. pylori infection on antral-predominant and corpus-predominant gastritis.
Hybrid surgery can improve neurocognitive function in patients with internal carotid artery occlusion
Authors: Tang Yudi , Yang Yunna , Feng Junqiang , Geng Yibo , Wang Yang , Wang Rong , Zhang Dong , Zhao Jizong
Published: December 2023

Internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) is a relatively uncommon but important cause of transient ischaemic attack and cerebral infarction. Hybrid surgery (HS) improves cerebral perfusion, but its impact on neurocognitive function has been controversial. Patients with symptomatic chronic ICAO treated by hybrid surgery or medical treatment from 2016 to 2019 were included. We recorded and analysed the clinical characteristics, angiographic data, outcomes and cognitive status. Functional assessments, including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the Barthel Index, and a battery of neuropsychological tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive Subtest (ADAS-cog), verbal fluency, and Colour Trail test Parts 1 and 2, were administered. Significant improvements in the ADAS (before, 7.5 ± 6.2 versus after, 5.2 ± 5.7; P = 0.022), MMSE (before, 25.5 ± 2.8 versus after, 28.1 ± 2.3; P = 0.013), and Colour Trail test Part 1 (before, 118.3 ± 26.5 versus after, 96.2 ± 23.1; P = 0.016) were observed six months after HS. Moreover, the abovementioned postprocedure scales were ameliorated in the HS group. This study found that in patients with multiple symptomatic ICAO and objective ipsilateral ischaemia, successful HS leads to improvement in the scores of three cognitive tests.
Impairment of vocational activities and financial problems are frequent among German blood cancer survivors
Authors: Baum Julia , Lax Hildegard , Lehmann Nils , Merkel-Jens Anja , Beelen Dietrich W. , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Dührsen Ulrich
Published: December 2023

Little is known about changes in the personal living conditions of long-term blood cancer survivors in Germany. To gather information about social relationships, work life, overall well-being, and religion, we performed a questionnaire-based retrospective study on 1551 survivors who had been on follow-up for ≥ 3 years (median, 9 years). Most survivors reported that marital status and relationships with relatives and friends remained constant before and after blood cancer. Vocational activities were temporarily impaired for 47.5%, with a median time of 11 months to return to work. More than a third of the patients (35.6%) discontinued work permanently, with disability and retirement pension rates of 7.9% and 38.1%, respectively, at the time of the survey. Financial problems due to reduced income were reported by 26.2%, in particular after relapse or allogeneic transplantation. Patient reports addressing their quality of life showed large variations. It was best in acute leukemia survivors without a history of allogeneic transplantation and worst in patients with myeloproliferative disorders. Religion tended to become more important after blood cancer. In conclusion, vocational impairment and financial problems are frequent among German blood cancer survivors. Efforts should be made at an early stage to reestablish the patients’ ability to work.
Towards automated sleep-stage classification for adaptive deep brain stimulation targeting sleep in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Carver Katrina , Saltoun Karin , Christensen Elijah , Abosch Aviva , Zylberberg Joel , Thompson John A.
Published: December 2023

Sleep dysfunction affects over 90% of Parkinson’s disease patients. Recently, subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation has shown promise for alleviating sleep dysfunction. We previously showed that a single-layer neural network could classify sleep stages from local field potential recordings in Parkinson’s disease patients. However, it was unable to categorise non-rapid eye movement into its different sub-stages. Here we employ a larger hidden layer network architecture to distinguish the substages of non-rapid eye movement with reasonable accuracy, up to 88% for the lightest substage and 92% for deeper substages. Using Shapley attribution analysis on local field potential frequency bands, we show that low gamma and high beta are more important to model decisions than other frequency bands. These results suggest that the proposed neural network-based classifier can be employed for deep brain stimulation treatment in commercially available devices with lower local field potential sampling frequencies.
Effect of ligand and shell densities on the surface structure of core–shell nanoparticles self-assembled from function–spacer–lipid constructs
Authors: Vaskan Ivan , Dimitreva Veronika , Petoukhov Maxim , Shtykova Eleonora , Bovin Nicolai , Tuzikov Alexander , Tretyak Marina , Oleinikov Vladimir , Zalygin Anton
Published: December 2023

Topography mapping enables the analysis of the surface properties of nanocarriers relevant for drug delivery systems.
Unexpectedly stable homopurine parallel triplex of SNA:RNA*SNA and l-aTNA:RNA*l-aTNA
Authors: Kamiya Yukiko , Lao Siyuan , Ariyoshi Jumpei , Sato Fuminori , Asanuma Hiroyuki
Published: December 2023

We first report parallel triplex formation between a homopurine SNA (l-aTNA) strand and an RNA/SNA (l-aTNA) duplex. Melting profiles revealed that the parallel triplex was remarkably stable, even though A*A pair has a single hydrogen bond.
Utilization of charged microdroplets for the controlled rapid synthesis of hollow sodium chloride single crystals
Authors: Wang Yanjie , Dong Jianing , Song Xianmeng , Luo Kai , Nan Zi-Ang , Fan Feng Ru , Tian Zhong-Qun
Published: December 2023

The crystallization of charged microdroplets generated via electrospray can lead to the formation of hollow single crystals, wherein surface charges govern the surface ion concentration.
Constructing energetic coordination polymers through mixed-ligand strategy: way to achieve reduced sensitivity with significant energetic performance
Authors: Singla Priyanka , Soni Pramod Kumar , Singh Arjun , Sahoo Subash Chandra
Published: December 2023

This study explores the development of energetic coordination polymers (CPs) based on the atrz and HDNBA ligands through mixed-ligand strategy resulted in reduced sensitivity while maintaining the significant energetic performance.
Silica nanoparticles and kaolin clay decorated with VO2+ in aerobic oxidative destruction of BTEX contaminants
Authors: Mohammadpour Pegah , Safaei Elham , Zeinalipour-Yazdi Constantinos D.
Published: December 2023

The importance of controlled hydrocarbon oxidation has sparked interest in methods that catalyze this process.
A tumor-targeted and enzyme-responsive gold nanorod-based nanoplatform with facilitated endo–lysosomal escape for synergetic photothermal therapy and protein therapy
Authors: Wang Bo , Xu Xin Jun , Fu Yan , Ren Bo , Yang Xiao Dong , Yang Hong Yu
Published: December 2023

To tackle the obstacles related to tumor targeting and overcome the limitations of single treatment models, we have developed a nanoplatform that is both tumor-targeted and enzyme-responsive.
An anionic beryllium hydride dimer with an exceedingly short Be⋯Be distance
Authors: Hadlington Terrance J.
Published: December 2023

An anionic beryllium hydride dimer is reported, with a cluster-like core featuring a short Be⋯Be distance of just 1.84 Å.
Electrochemical trends of a hybrid platinum and metal–nitrogen–carbon catalyst library for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Ly Alvin , Murphy Eamonn , Wang Hanson , Huang Ying , Ferro Giovanni , Guo Shengyuan , Asset Tristan , Liu Yuanchao , Zenyuk Iryna V. , Atanassov Plamen
Published: December 2023

Pt nanoparticles supported on a library of 3d, 4d, 5d and f metal M–N–C catalysts for the ORR.
Recent advances in catalytic conversion of lignin to value-added chemicals using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents: a critical review
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Mehra Sanjay , Kumar Arvind
Published: December 2023

Lignin is an amorphous, heterogeneous, aromatic biopolymer that is obtained from nature.
Heterostructure construction of covalent organic frameworks/Ti3C2-MXene for high-efficiency electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Zhou Liyuan , Tian Qingyong , Shang Xiaoqing , Zhao Yanming , Yao Weijing , Liu Hongpo , Xu Qun
Published: December 2023

The in situ fabrication of imine-bonded porphyrin COFs and an MXene heterostructure can accelerate the electron transfer at interfaces, exhibiting superior electrocatalytic CO2 reduction selectivity with 97.28% TOF value (CO2-to-CO) at a bias of −0.6 V vs. RHE.
Visible light-mediated copper catalyzed regioselective diamination of terminal alkynes at room temperature: a facile synthesis of substituted imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines
Authors: Charpe Vaibhav Pramod , Gupta Mahima , Hwang Kuo Chu
Published: December 2023

We have developed a protocol for the regioselective synthesis of substituted imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines at room temperature using low-energy visible light, inexpensive CuCl as a catalyst, readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, and O2 as a green oxidant.
Toward more sustainable enzyme reactions: enhancing kinetics by polydimethylacrylamide implementation
Authors: Rentschler Simone , Borgolte Max , Csuk René , Laufer Stefan , Deigner Hans-Peter
Published: December 2023

PDMA surface functionalization via UV-crosslinking leads to increased substrate turnover and initial velocities, allowing more sustainable enzymatic reactions.
Opto-hydrodynamic tweezers
Authors: Vasantham Shreyas , Kotnala Abhay , Promovych Yurii , Garstecki Piotr , Derzsi Ladislav
Published: December 2023

The manuscript unveils a portable optofluidic device for precise trapping, manipulation, and sorting of single cells/particles using a single standard unmodified optical fiber in a microfluidic channel—a notable advance in optofluidic technology.
Composite membranes based on polyvinyl alcohol and lamellar solids for water decontamination
Authors: Bastianini Maria , Sisani Michele , Naryyev Eziz , Petracci Annarita , Di Guida Irene , Narducci Riccardo
Published: December 2023

Synthetic lamellar solids possess great potential in the water decontamination field. Composite membranes of polyvinyl alcohol and lamellar solids were prepared and tested, which demonstrated high efficiency in removing contaminants from water.
Oxygen-vacancy-mediated electron localization at the nickel sites in nickel/iron layered double hydroxide towards efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Meng , Qiao Zhiqiang , Huo Kaixuan , Yang Yang , Ji Deqiang , Yuan Dandan , Lin Liyu , Li Zhida , Wu Hongjun
Published: December 2023

Fe weakens Ni–O bonds in NiFe-LDH, generating abundant oxygen vacancies that can mediate electron transfer from Fe to Ni.
Tuning nitrogen species in 3D porous carbon via boron doping for boosted Zn-ion storage capability
Authors: Zhang Zhiran , Ouyang Dandan , Chen Dongxu , Yang Liuqian , Zhu Hui , Yin Jiao
Published: December 2023

A strategy for the conversion of graphitic-N to edge-N in a carbon matrix by the additional incorporation of boron element for zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor cathodes.
Red light-triggered release of ROS and carbon monoxide for combinational antibacterial application
Authors: Zhang Mengdan , Cheng Jian , Shen Zhiqiang , He Kewu , Zheng Bin
Published: December 2023

We developed a novel nanoreactor PCN-CO@PVP, which could achieve the release of ROS and CO via photooxygenation of HOB-BA by 1O2 generated from PCN-222 under 650 nm light and exhibit excellent antibacterial effects against S. aureus and E. coli.
A review of nanomaterials for biosensing applications
Authors: Li Lei , Wang Tianshu , Zhong Yuting , Li Ruyi , Deng Wei , Xiao Xuanyu , Xu Yuanyuan , Zhang Jieyu , Hu Xuefeng , Wang Yunbing
Published: December 2023

The size effect, optical, and electrical properties of recently developed nanomaterials for building sensors and their advantages and recent applications in biosensing are reviewed. Problems, challenges, and prospects are emphasized.
Fast synthesis of silver nanowires at room temperatureviaultrasonication-mediated galvanic replacement for flexible transparent electrodes
Authors: Chen Qiusui , Ding Yuehua , Xu Meiling , Liu Ziyi , Liu Zhenpeng , Liu Qiang , Qin Yanmin , Wang Xing , Fang Zheng , Bao Haifeng
Published: December 2023

In this work, we propose a facile method for fast synthesis of Ag nanowires by an ultrasonication-mediated galvanic replacement reaction between Ag+and raspberry-like Cu nanoparticles at room temperature.
Immune landscape of the kidney allograft in response to rejection
Authors: Ahuja Harsimar Kaur , Azim Shafquat , Maluf Daniel , Mas Valeria R.
Published: December 2023

Preventing kidney graft dysfunction and rejection is a critical step in addressing the nationwide organ shortage and improving patient outcomes. While kidney transplants (KT) are performed more frequently, the overall number of patients on the waitlist consistently exceeds organ availability. Despite improved short-term outcomes in KT, comparable progress in long-term allograft survival has not been achieved. Major cause of graft loss at 5 years post-KT is chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) characterized by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). Accordingly, proactive prevention of CAD requires a comprehensive understanding of the immune mechanisms associated with either further dysfunction or impaired repair. Allograft rejection is primed by innate immune cells and carried out by adaptive immune cells. The rejection process is primarily facilitated by antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR). It is essential to better elucidate the actions of individual immune cell subclasses (e.g. B memory, Tregs, Macrophage type 1 and 2) throughout the rejection process, rather than limiting our understanding to broad classes of immune cells. Embracing multi-omic approaches may be the solution in acknowledging these intricacies and decoding these enigmatic pathways. A transition alongside advancing technology will better allow organ biology to find its place in this era of precision and personalized medicine.
Direction modulation based on planar rectangular non‐linear frequency diverse array
Authors: Zhang Yuanhao , Xie Haihua , Guo Rujiang , Liu Huijie
Published: December 2023

Since its inception, the frequency diverse array (FDA) has attracted extensive attention and research because of its unique properties. However, most of the research primarily focuses on linear geometry FDA, with fewer studies on planar FDA. This letter proposes a design method based on planar rectangular FDA (PRFDA), which adjusts the frequency of each array element nonlinearly so that the beam direction of planar rectangular FDA can change linearly or nonlinearly with time, forming the desired transmit beampattern. Theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Homogeneous fine classification of Markarian galaxies based on SDSS medium-resolution spectroscopy
Authors: Mickaelian A. M. , Abrahamyan H. V. , Mikayelyan G. A. , Paronyan G. M.
Published: December 2023

Context. Markarian (Mrk) galaxies, revealed due to their ultraviolet excess are very famous; they play a significant role in many astro-physical problems and come in a variety of types: Seyferts (Sys), low-ionization narrow emission-line regions (LINERs), starbursts (SBs), blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDGs), as well as some quasars (QSOs) and blazars. They also appear as sources of non-optical radiation, such as gamma-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and radio, including some extremely high-energy gamma-ray sources (Mrk 421, Mrk 501) and very high-luminosity IR galaxies (Mrk 231).

Aims. The classifications of Mrk galaxies for activity types have been carried out based on old mostly poor-quality and inhomoge-neous spectra (relatively low-resolution photographic spectra and low S/N spectra). The Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS) provides ~90% of the existing medium-resolution spectra, and is a relevant homogeneous database for classification of galaxies. Our aim was to obtain homogeneous classifications of Mrk galaxies by means of the SDSS spectra.

Methods. Based on our work on the classification of newly revealed objects from various recent catalogs, we developed a fine classification scheme for activity types based on the homogeneous database of the SDSS spectroscopy. This scheme was applied to Mrk galaxies having spectra in the SDSS (779 out of 1544, 50.45%).

Results. As a result, 779 Mrk galaxies now have homogeneous optical spectral classification that can be used for further studies and statistics of their physical and spatial properties. We revealed 2 QSOs, 49 classical Seyferts (broad-line Seyferts 1, BLS1s), 17 narrow-line Seyferts 1 (NLS1s), 4 Sy2s, 12 LINERs, 11 active galactic nuclei (AGN) without a definite type, 31 Composite spectrum objects, and 533 HII/Starbursts. Due to low-quality spectra, some objects were left without definite activity types and were classified as emission or absorption galaxies.
Evaluation of inclined piles due to driving in soft soil
Authors: Nur Sholech , Ismanti Sito , Fikri Faris
Published: December 2023

The foundation of a water tank construction project experiences an inclined at the piles during construction. The construction location is in an area with soil type that can be categorized as soft clay. After a boring test was carried out, it was discovered that the depth of the soft clay soil reached 58 meters before solid sand was found. The aim of this research is to evaluate whether the inclined piles are still able to withstand the axial load that occurs. Analytical method analysis shows that the axial bearing capacity of the pile is 1177.85 kN, then the maximum axial load that occurs is 436 kN. Analysis using RS Pile shows that piles inclined at 50 with alpha angles of 00 and 900 produce pile deflection values of 51.5 mm and 54.2 mm, respectively. At the same inclined angle but with different alpha angle, deflection becomes smaller, (-) 16.6 mm and 20.1 mm respectively at alpha angles of 1800 and 2700. It can be concluded that the lateral bearing capacity of the pile increases are not occur at all angles of inclination, but the direction of force that occurs under the existing load must also be considered.
Empirical analyses of the excavating method and support system based on engineering geology of the Rukoh Dam Suppletion Tunnel, Pidie Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Bangkit Harwinda Zulhilmi , Wilopo Wahyu , Indrawan I. Gde Budi
Published: December 2023

In the design of the Rukoh Dam Suppletion Tunnel, the rock mass quality had not yet been evaluated. Whereas the evaluation empirically affects the stability and support system of the tunnel. This research aimed to provide recommendations for excavation methods and support systems in tunnel construction based on the RMR and Q-System methodologies. The research investigation was conducted by surface geological mapping and assessing the rock mass quality from drill points. The results showed that the tunnel area consists of calcareous siltstone. Meanwhile, the tunnel axis consisted of poor-quality calcareous siltstone based on the RMR value. Following the Q-value, the quality of the calcareous siltstone ranges from very poor to extremely poor. Based on empirical analysis, the tunnel's excavation methods were the top heading and bench methods with 0.6 to 10.0 hours of stand-up time. The proposed support systems analyzed from RMR and Q-value were rock bolt, wire mesh, shotcrete, and steel sets. This analysis had implications for minimizing the risk of failure at the tunnel site due to poor rock mass quality. Even though an empirical method aids in the design, numerical studies are required to bolster the recommendations.
Low sulfidation epithermal gold mineralization at Tambang Sawah, Lebong, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia
Authors: Al Hakim Muhammad Muhsin , Idrus Arifudin , Suryanto Wiwit
Published: December 2023

The Tambang Sawah area, Lebong, Bengkulu Province, is geologically located in the Barisan mountain range and the Sumatran fault zone and is composed of igneous rocks of the Sunda – Banda magmatic arc. This study is aimed to elucidate geological framework and characteristics of the low sulfidation epithermal gold at Tambang Sawah. Gold mineralization is hosted by the lithology of granite and andesitic breccia rocks, and controlled by faults, especially the Ketahun fault which forms a fracture and extensional zone. Hydrothermal fluid filled the structure found to form gold-bearing quartz veins. Hydrothermal alteration recognized at the study area is a typical type of alteration found in epithermal gold deposits, namely, argillic, silicified and propylitic. The characteristic sulfide minerals are low sulfidation epithermal gold deposits in the Sawah Mine area which are found, pyrite, chalcopyrite, covelite, sphalerite and galena with vein textures of colloform banded, cockade-crustiform, moss, and brecciated texture. Gold is interpreted to be coevally deposited with sulfides within quartz veins. Gold grade in rocks and veins varies from 0.07 ppm to 21.3 ppm.
Transcending Western and Eastern Understanding in Cultural Landscape Management: An Insight from Borobudur Temple
Authors: Bagas Aditya
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, the dichotomy between Western and Eastern paradigms in heritage conservation management has been growing alongside the new interpretation of cultural landscape. However, this dichotomy seems inaccurate as it ignores the locality and historical context in which cultural heritage conservation management is implemented. This study used Borobudur Temple as a case study to show how Western and Eastern paradigms are complementary. This study will examine Borobudur's cultural heritage management development from a Western perspective emphasizing materiality to an Eastern perspective emphasizing social significance. Through literature review, this study found that conservation practices have changed to emphasize Borobudur's social and cultural importance to the indigenous community. In the beginning, the conservation practice that focused on a scientific approach was useful in reconstructing the architectural structure of the temple. Then, in recent times, the conservation management that values indigenous people’s spiritual, social, economic, and cultural ties to the Borobudur temple is considered more appropriate. This study enriches Indonesian cultural landscape management literature and shows how Western and Eastern views should be viewed as complementary rather than contradictory. It also prompts cultural geographers to consider more-than-human aspects of cultural heritage sites in conservation management.
Development of official statistics models for analysis of population sectoral data in Indragiri Hilir Regency
Authors: Alfassa Achmad Isya , Sudrajat  , Marwasta Djaka
Published: December 2023

Indragiri Hilir Regency is one of the regencies located in Riau Province which has a population of 658,025 thousand in 2022. The population consists of several groups ranging from children, adolescents, adults and the elderly. Indragiri Hilir Regency has three regional public hospitals, namely the Puri Husada Tembilahan Hospital, the Tenku Sulung Pulau Kijang Hospital, and the Raja Musa Sungai Guntung Hospital. Each hospital has official statistics consisting of sectoral data according to the data owned by the hospital. This study aims to show and analyze the existing official statistics and create an official statistics model for analysis of population sectoral data in health analysis. The method used is explanatory method and descriptive statistical analysis method and descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this study show that every regional public hospital in Indragiri Hilir Regency has official statistics which consist of sectoral data owned by the agency, the official statistics model is the answer to become a reference in carrying out sectoral data analysis for policy making in the field of analysis health.
Identification of Spring Distribution in the Pusur Sub-Watershed and Surroundings Using Geographic Information System
Authors: Anggana Alvian Febry , Mahardhika N.R.P. , Bramantyo Latief , Savitri Endang , Adi Rahardyan Nugroho , Pamungkas B.P. , Cahyono Sigit Andy , Zakaria Rama , Sumino
Published: December 2023

Groundwater is the water that originates from the surface and infiltrates the ground, forming a hydrological system. The presence of groundwater is influenced by various factors, including climate conditions, geomorphology, geology, human activities, and land cover conditions. The Pusur Sub- Watershed area is part of the Bengawan Solo Watershed, and it is known to have a distribution of spring sources with varying levels of productivity. The presence of spring sources provides benefits for fulfilling needs in various sectors of life. This study aims to identify the distribution of springs and the productivity levels of aquifers in the Pusur Sub-Watershed area. The method used involves conducting surveys and ground checks of spring locations in the Pusur Sub-Watershed area. Subsequently, the spring distribution information is overlaid with a hydrogeological map. The results of the analysis indicate that the aquifer productivity in the Pusur Sub-Watershed area is divided into five categories: moderate productivity, moderate-localized productivity, high productivity, widespread productivity, and localized-localized productivity. The highest concentration of springs is found in the Polanharjo, Tulung, and Jatinom Districts, categorized as high productivity. Meanwhile, in the Musuk and Tamansari Districts, sprin†gs are also found in the localized-localized productivity category