bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the discount rate for complex investment projects in oil and gas industry
Authors: Bogatyrev M. I. , Kirichenko O. S. , Nazarova Yu. A. , Nikonov I. M. , Shcherbakova N. S.
Published: April 2024

In the investment programs of modern oil and gas companies (i.e., PJSC Lukoil Oil Company, PJSC Gazprom, PJSC Novatek), complex projects are gaining more and more attention, and in this case the efficiency for an investor should be assessed in terms of the overall effectiveness of projects. As an object of research, the authors consider a set of projects for the types of gas production and transportation activities. This paper studies the question of finding a discount rate with a focus on specific features of oil and gas industry. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the need to find a balanced rate of return of a complex investment project for inclusion in the investment portfolio of an oil and gas company. When evaluating the economic efficiency of complex projects that include subprojects of various types, such as mining or transportation, the discount rate of the entire project should be in balance with the regulatory rates for the types of activities presented in the project. In their work, the authors, drawing on the analysis of the formulas of the mathematical apparatus for calculating complex discount rate, propose a variant of calculating the internal rate of return (IRR) for a group of projects for which there is a formed level of normative values of IRR. The article is designed within the framework of economic research methods. The analysis of scientific literature and the comparative approach are combined with the use of methods of economic and mathematical modeling. The theoretical significance of the study consists in the description of the main postulates related to the analysis of profitability of investment projects in oil and gas industry. The practical significance lies in the development of approaches to determining the discount rate when assessing the economic efficiency of complex high-risk projects on the example of gas industry and the possibility of using these approaches in investment and strategic analysis of oil and gas companies.
INNOVACIÓN SOCIALY SU RETO RNO EN LA INVERSIÓN PARA EL IMPULSO DEL CAMBIO: CÓMO POTENCIAR PROYECTOS CON IMPACTO SOCIAL
Authors: Mejía-Trejo Juan , Borbón-Morales Carlos Gabriel , Aguilar-Navarro Carlos Omar
Published: April 2024

El tema de la innovación social continua siendo un concepto que se actualiza día a día a nivel mundial, dados los distintos enfoques con que se le aborda tales como el político y ambiental. Lo anterior, permite visualizar que la innovación social se proyecta como una actividad trascendental que impacta directamente a la sosteniblidad para las próximas décadas en nuestro país. Sin embargo, para aquellos que aplican las innovaciones más conocidas como lo son las de productos y servicios, mercadotecnia, procesos, tecnología, organi-zacional y modelos de negocios su común denominador es realizar mediciones de la implementación de cada una de ellas, basadas directamente en su impacto financiero. Esto ha provocado, que se generen desbalances en cuanto al bienestar social ya que si bien las innovaciones han representado beneficios económicos a las empresas públicas y privadas que las aplican, no quiere decir que, necesa-riamente las sociedades mejoren en sus niveles de calidad de vida y bienestar esperados. Es así, que se requiere asociar las innovaciones mencionadas en torno a un concepto que las haga convergentes para traducirlas a innovaciones sociales y determinar así, el bienestar generado, es decir, su impacto social. Sin embargo, surge una pregunta ¿cómo medirlo para estar en posición de controlarlo? Dado que la innovación social y el impacto social son conceptos emergentes, esta obra se presenta como relevante y pertinente en la época actual. Ofrece una valiosa contribución a los lectores no especializados al establecer los fundamentos de la innovación social y las metodologías para su medición. Lo más destacado reside en su enfoque sobre cómo llevar a cabo mediciones de impacto al monetizar el impacto social. Esto se logra al vincularlo con el retorno social de inversión de proyectos, tanto públicos como privados, que marcarán pauta en el siglo XXI.
Synchronous and Asynchronous Online Classrooms in Tourism Vocational High School in Indonesia: Technological Applications and Challenges
Authors: Rido Akhyar , Prakoso Bagus Hary , Perez-Amurao Analiza Liezl , Purba Mariati , Siswanto Heni Waluyo
Published: April 2024

There has been an increasingly dominant use of technology in education institutions, yet limited studies holistically investigate the utilization of technological applications in tourism vocational high schools. This research explored the synchronous and asynchronous technological applications used and the challenges experienced by teachers and students of a tourism vocational high school in Indonesia, mainly in hotel and culinary online classrooms. This research employed a qualitative approach. Data were collected by observing four classes in two vocational schools in Yogyakarta and Bali. Interviews with five teachers and five students were also conducted on a voluntary basis. The findings indicate that teachers and students used various technological applications like Google Meet, Zoom, Microsoft Team, Cisco WebEx, Discord,and Skype for synchronous online learning. They also utilized more technological applications such as WhatsApp, YouTube, Google Classroom, Google Form, Telegram, Moodle, Screencast-O-Matic, Facebook, Instagram, Quizzes, Kahoot, and Twitterfor their asynchronous online learning. Both teachers and students faced technical, pedagogical, psychological, and personal challenges such as an unstable internet connection, a lack of technological literacy, incompatible gadgets, limited participation, work overload, demotivation, and a lack of focus on learning. To conclude, a number of technological applications were used to facilitate learning in hotel and culinary departments, even though there were many challenges that came with their usage. The results of this research can be used by relevant stakeholders preparing for future learning, especially in vocational high schools.
Democracy in Divided Societies: Electoral Engineering for Conflict Management “Chapter 3 Centripetal Incentives and Political Engineering in Australia”
Authors: Muharam Ricky Santoso
Published: April 2024

Benjamin Reilly is a professor of political science and international relations at the University of Western Australia. Benjamin previously served as dean of the Sir Walter Murdoch School and was director of the Centre for democratic institutions at the Australian National University (ANU). Benjamin is also an expert in the Australian government, the United Nations, and other international organizations. As a professor of political science, Benjamin was invited to various scientific forums to speak at well-known campuses, such as Harvard, Oxford, and Johns Hopkins. Publicizing scientific papers and books earned Benjamin numerous international grants from the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the United StatesInstitute of Peace, the East-West Center, the National Endowment for Democracy, and the Australian Research Council. Benjamin’s ideas and thoughts were widely published in various international and national newspapers, including the New York Times, Financial Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, and Time Magazine.
The Role of Virtual Experiential Marketing and Brand Trust on Brand Loyalty
Authors: Khoirunissa Alvi diani , Rufaidah Popy
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of virtual experiential marketing and brand trust in brand loyalty among virtual try-on cosmetic filter users in Indonesia. An online tool made using Google Forms and shared on social media was used to perform the research. SEM-PLS was the statistical method employed to examine 287 convenience sample data. The results showed that virtual experiential marketing has a positive impact on brand loyalty, and brand trust has a positive impact on brand loyalty. The study recommends the most effective indicators of virtual experiential marketing, identifying external factors that influence a cosmetics brand's strategy in Indonesia in forming trust and loyalty, and using the virtual try-on filter feature to build trust through positive virtual experiences.
Building Trust in an Artificial Intelligence-Based Educational Support System: A Narrative Review
Authors: Herdiani Anisa , Mahayana Dimitri , Rosmansyah Yusep
Published: April 2024

A primary challenge associated with the implementation of educational support systems is the establishment of student trust in the systems themselves. Trust is a critical factor in the acceptance and use of AI-enabled systems, as it reduces uncertainty and the perception of risk associated with new technology adoption. A literature review of existing studies on trust in AI-based systems is needed to provide a solid foundation for future studies. This research aims to identify gaps in the literature regarding the establishment of user trust in AI-based educational systems by exploring the criteria of trust and the challenges of building trust in AI systems. A narrative review of the literature is conducted to synthesize the findings of selected articles, covering (1) fundamental principles of trust and the process of establishing trust in non-human entities; (2) technical issues relating to explainable AI; (3) the utilization of explainable AI to facilitate decision-making; and (4) the use of AI systems in facilitating educational activities and its influence. This article summarizes trust criteria, including reliance, transparency, affectiveness, integrity, consistency, fairness, accountability, security, and usability. Building trust in AI systems involves addressing technical, ethical, and societal challenges to ensure the responsible and beneficial use of AI for individuals and society.
User Interface Application for Addressing Sexual Violence in College
Authors: Cahyo Rangga
Published: April 2024

Since 2015 until 2022, there has been a surge in cases of sexual violence in the educational environment. Based on data compiled from SIMFONI PPA (Online Information System for the Protection of Women and Children), approximately 21,000
cases of sexual violence were recorded in the educational environment in 2022. This violence also occurs in the realm of higher education, and unfortunately, the handling of sexual violence in higher education institutions still relies on manual methods, leading to convoluted processes. As a result, very few victims report incidents due to the complexity of reporting and the sluggishness of the handling process. There is a need for action to address this issue, one of which is designing an application as a platform for addressing sexual violence. This research aims to design a user interface for an application to address sexual violence in higher education institutions in Indonesia using the design thinking method. The subjects involved are the academic community of IT Telkom Purwokerto as samples. In the testing, it was found that the application design created can help accommodate the needs of victims in the process of addressing sexual violence. This design is expected to serve as a blueprint for addressing sexual violence in higher education.
INTRODUÇÃO - ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS EM FOTOPROTEÇÃO
Authors: Conceição Wemerson Carlos da , Rosa Marcelo Barcellos da , Amaro Marilane de Oliveira Fani , Silva Juliano Rodrigues da , Dias Letícia Alves , Coelho Danrley de Freitas , Carvalho Camilo Amaro de
Published: April 2024

O hábito de se expor ao sol para obter uma pele bronzeada, o que transmitia a ideia de uma pessoa saudável, começou no século XX. Deste modo, os produtos cosméticosiniciais neste segmento foram os bronzeadores a base de óleo que aumentavam a atividade dos raios solares (Nascimento et al., 2014). No entanto, depois da descoberta da existência do espectro de frequência ultravioleta por Ritter, no ano de 1801, e da importância dos raios solares nas queimaduras do tecido epitelialpor Everard Home, no ano de 1820, inúmeras substâncias foram estudadas em relação a aptidão para absorver a radiação, visando minimizar os efeitos gerados nesse tecido (Polonini, Raposo e Brandão, 2011). Tendo em vista que, após várias décadas se passarem, principalmente após a primeira revolução industrial a partir dos meados do século XVIII, as atividades humanas geraram um dano considerável à camada de ozônio que protege o planeta,de modo que ocorreu um aumento substancial na quantidade de radiação que chega no planeta. E como consequência ocorreu o aumento significativo de muitas doençase problemas relacionados com a abundante exposição à radiação ultravioleta proveniente do sol (Figura 1) (Napagoda et al., 2016).
FOTOPROTETORES ORGÂNICOS
Authors: Conceição Wemerson Carlos da , Rosa Marcelo Barcellos da , Amaro Marilane de Oliveira Fani , Coutinho Filho José Geraldo Alves , Buenos Karine Emilly Matos , Pinto Allessandro Tavares , Carvalho Camilo Amaro de
Published: April 2024

Conforme visto no capítulo anterior, a radiação ultravioleta possui um potenciallesivo e até carcinogênico sobre a pele. Uma vez que a exposição aos raios solares faz parte do nosso cotidiano, sendo muitas vezes inevitável, medidas fotoprotetoras como o uso de óculos escuros, roupas longas e filtros solares são fundamentais. Com relação aos protetores solares, sabe-se que o seu uso rotineiro está diretamente implicado na redução da incidência de neoplasias como a ceratose actínica e carcinomas espinocelulares (GREEN et al., 1999; VAN DER POLS et al., 2006). Já em outros cânceres importantes, como o carcinoma basocelular e especialmente o melanoma, a ação dos fotoprotetores é incerta, havendo divergênciana literatura científica sobre o seu efeito. Diffey (2005), no entanto, mostra otimismo e sugere que em estudos futuros utilize fotoprotetores de espectro cada vez mais abrangente, onde o efeito redutor de neoplasias como o melanoma possa ser demonstrado.
FOTOPROTETORES DE ORIGEM NATURAL
Authors: Conceição Wemerson Carlos da , Rosa Marcelo Barcellos da , Amaro Marilane de Oliveira Fani , Silva Juliano Rodrigues da , Dias Letícia Alves , Coelho Danrley de Freitas , Carvalho Camilo Amaro de
Published: April 2024

Com a diminuição da camada de ozônio, houve um aumento na incidência da radiação ultravioleta no nosso planeta, causando diversos problemas cutâneos comoeritema, queimadura solares e desenvolvimento de tumores. Diante disso, houve um aumento relacionado há estudos sobre a fotoproteção natural, o que levou à procura de produtos naturais para a proteção solar, com fotoprotetores eficientes, seguros e de baixo custo (GALDORFINI et al., 2020). Através desses estudos, os bloqueadoressolares obtidos a partir de produtos naturais foram descritos por Proserpio, em 1976, comparando as formas moleculares dessassubstâncias a base de extratos de plantase alguns filtros solares sintéticos (MOURA,2020). Segundo a Agencia de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA, 2022) esses extratos vegetais são definidos como preparações líquidas, semissólidas ou sólidas, obtidas a partir de drogas vegetais, utilizando-se métodos extrativos e solventes.
FORMAS FARMACÊUTICAS EM FOTOPROTEÇÃO
Authors: Conceição Wemerson Carlos da , Rosa Marcelo Barcellos da , Amaro Marilane de Oliveira Fani , Carvalho Camilo Amaro de
Published: April 2024

A cosmetologia é a ciência que serve de suporte à fabricação dos produtos de beleza destinados ao embelezamento, à limpeza, à manutenção e às melhorias das características do cabelo, pele e seus anexos (RIBEIRO, 2010; MILREU, 2012), bem como prevenção do fotoenvelhecimento e do câncer de pele. Dentre as inúmeras formulações cosméticas existentes no mercado, destacamos os protetores solares. Sua utilização objetiva a proteção contra as radiações, sendo a melhor prevenção contra o fotoenvelhecimento e o câncer de pele(CABRAL et. al., 2011). Embora a utilização dos protetores solares tem se difundido cada dia mais, em virtude da grande variedade de formulações, há necessidade de maior conhecimento sobre cada uma das diferentes formulações disponíveis, bem como suas aplicações. Cabral e colaboradores (2011), ressaltam que conhecendo os mecanismos de ação e formulação dos filtros solares é possível verificarse a sua eficácia e segurança.
Práticas integrativas e complementares: Um guia para usuários do SUS
Authors: Chaves Erika de Cássia Lopes , Chini Lucélia Terra , Oliveira Marina das Dores Nogueira de , Silva Taline Gonçalves da , Silva Vitória Cristina
Published: April 2024

É com grande satisfação que escrevo estas palavras como prefácio deste livro intitulado “Práticas Integrativas e Complementares: um guia para usuários do SUS”. Trata-se de uma obra abrangente e composta por 29 capítulos, cada um detalhando uma das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) oficialmente reconhecidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Esta obra é o resultado do esforço e dedicação dos integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET) – PET Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG). É inspirador ver o PET Enfermagem desempenhar um papel central na elaboração deste livro. O PET é uma iniciativa educacional que envolve estudantes universitários em atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, proporcionando uma formação abrangente e promovendo o desenvolvimento de competências além da sala de aula. Na UNIFAL-MG, o PET Enfermagem, um dos pioneiros, foi criado em 1991 e tem desempenhado um papel fundamental na formação dos futuros profissionais de enfermagem. Em um mundo em constante evolução, onde a busca por abordagens terapêuticas fundamentadas na avaliação holística e no cuidado integral do indivíduo é cada vez mais relevante, as PICS emergem como um pilar importante na promoção da saúde e no bemestar das pessoas. Elas não apenas complementam os tratamentos convencionais, mas também enriquecem a abordagem em saúde, considerando o paciente em sua totalidade, e não apenas a doença. [...]
Media Literacy in the Era of Globalization: Innovative Strategies for Decoding Information
Authors: Gjerazi Blerina
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the pivotal role of media education in addressing challenges posed by misinformation, deliberate disinformation campaigns, and the manipulation of public opinion in the contemporary digital communication and media landscape. By emphasizing globalized information interactions, it underscores the need to cultivate a culture of critical media analysis and essential skills for discerning information. Through an exhaustive literature review, the research assesses existing media education paradigms, scrutinizing their efficacy in preparing individuals for discerning engagement in digital challenges. Leveraging case studies and exploring renowned organizations, projects dedicated to fostering media literacy, and innovative platforms designed to enhance digital literacy skills, the study investigates global approaches to media literacy initiatives, focusing on successful practices across diverse regions. The role of technology is examined both as a contributing factor to and a mitigating force against challenges in media education. This exploration includes innovative tools and platforms designed to augment digital skills. Recognizing cultural dimensions, the research acknowledges the diversity of socio-cultural contexts within which individuals interpret media. Ethical considerations underscore the responsibilities of key stakeholders in championing the cause of media literacy. By providing a comprehensive examination of effective strategies and amalgamating practical knowledge and theoretical frameworks to navigate contemporary information challenges on a global scale, this paper makes a significant contribution to the scholarly discourse on media education.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Role of Technology in Travel Journalism: The Albanian Case
Authors: Skana Pranvera
Published: April 2024

Digitalization has affected the specialization of travel journalism, but has brought opportunities and many new challenges. Travel journalism is now everywhere, with multimedia capabilities, personalization, interactivity, hypertext stories, virtuality, etc. The role of technology has already broken-down the traditional media monopoly, as the ability of Web 2.0 has enabled anyone to give rise to a customed media, create and distribute content, where travel journalists now thanks to different platforms allow users and travelers to plan trips, share their experiences instantly with a wide audience and react to stories published by others. In this article will examine how this genre is developing in Albania, specifically because our country is experiencing a touristic boom, but also thanks to the technology development. It will be perceived how tourism has re-dimensioned and updated this journalistic genre, through qualitative interviews of actors in the field, where through them will get to know the challenges and perspectives.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Process of Internationalization of Universities and its Impact on Student’s Decision Making
Authors: Tepelena Ikbale
Published: April 2024

As higher education institutions increasingly embrace a global outlook, this study aims to explore the complexities of internationalization and provide insights into how it shapes students' choices when selecting universities. The research seeks to contribute to an understanding of the interplay between university internationalization and student decision-making. The research initiates with an exploration of the internationalization process within universities, examining the motivations, strategies, and challenges faced by institutions as they navigate the global landscape. A central focus of this study is the examination of how the internationalization of universities influences the decision-making criteria of students. It also considers the role of global rankings, institutional reputation, and cross-border partnerships in shaping students' choices within an internationalized higher education framework.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Machiavelli’s State as a Punishment for the Violence of the Law in the Context of Human Animal Instinct
Authors: Ahmetaj Lavdosh
Published: April 2024

In order to amend the philosophical, political and legal understanding of that personality who managed to study and structure the monumental work of the state "The Prince" so nicely, it is necessary to understand what subject content there is on which the academic life was mined and grown and Machiavelli's philosophy. The latter being one of the brightest minds in the field of the study of the state and, to understand it, it is necessary to study the cultural and intellectual environment, the product of which was our Philosopher. Viewed in this context, it is necessary to understand the European city of Florence, the main city-state of the Renaissance, where Machiavelli was born. This should be accompanied by the study of the city-state of Firenze, in relation to other Italian states with which it had extensive and very intense relations. While, on the other hand, the nature and form of government of the state of Florence, accompanied by the reformers of the state constitution, who inherited it, but remained in their ideas and views until the time of the diocese of the Republic, cannot be left without attention. On the other hand, the study of the non-Italian states, which were in a state of competition with Florence, should be looked at carefully.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Internationalism of the Post-Cold War World: Clinton’s Foreign Policy for the Global Age
Authors: Tomja Alida
Published: April 2024

The end of the Cold War prompted a critical reassessment of America’s global role, particularly during the post-Cold War era led by the Clinton administration. Faced with a shifting geopolitical landscape, President Bill Clinton addressed challenges and opportunities, seeking to define America’s role in this transformed international arena. As the bipolar structure of the Cold War dissolved, geo-economics took precedence over geopolitics. The ‘end of history’ narrative signaled a departure from traditional boundaries, and Clinton grappled with the choice of maintaining leadership through global engagement and internationalism. This study analyzes Clinton’s foreign policy throughout his presidency, emphasizing key issues like terrorism and the Balkans. It explores how perceptions of American decline, both economically and militarily, influenced internationalist policies. Additionally, it delves into the impact of conceptual frameworks such as ‘democratic peace,’ ‘unipolar moment,’ and ‘soft power’ on Clinton’s decisions. Drawing on primary sources and influential literature, the research suggests that Clinton’s foreign policy represented a strategic blend of internationalism and pragmatism, addressing the complexities of the post-Cold War world. To conclude, this research contributes to understanding how the end of the Cold War reshaped the global geopolitical landscape and explores the ideological underpinnings guiding the United States in the post-Cold War international arena.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Role of Experts in Governance: The Case of Albania in the Context of European Integration
Authors: Sadiku Blerina
Published: April 2024

The role of experts in governance might strengthen democratic principles as it might risk them as well. However, in the complexity of the nowadays world, taking the right decisions has become complicated. Therefore, there is the need for experts to take decisions in different fields of decision-making. In the context of governance in the public sphere, apart from the experts’ decision-making, it is imperative to uphold democratic principles that ensure a fair representation of the minorities, to safeguard against any adverse impact resulting from experts’ advice or decisions on certain issues. The most developed countries or other supranational entities like the European Union undertake evaluations on the impact that policies have on certain contexts, while developing countries might encounter difficulties despite the achievements in this context. While Albania has made legislative advancements in recent years, further enhancements are expected in the future to improve instruments and mechanisms which will contribute to a soother implementation of these legislative initiatives. In contrast, the European Union has shown a notable reliance on experts in public sector governance and decision-making processes. Although experts in Albania contribute to governance, ongoing debates persist on certain issues. Hence, this article seeks to analyze the role of experts in the Albanian governance, particularly considering the country’s aspirations toward the European Union integration. By examining the implications for democratic principles and effective decision-making processes in the context of experts’ involvement, this study seeks to provide insights for enhancing governance practices in the country’s context of policy making process.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Missing Persons from the Communist Era in Albania as a Human Rights Challenge
Authors: Abdurrahmani Bledar
Published: April 2024

Although more than three decades have passed since the fall of communism in Albania, nothing is still known about the burial place of over 6,000 missing persons. Family members still do not know the truth about the fate of their missing relatives. Such a thing not only represents a serious violation of the right to life, but has been causing a continuous suffering to the relatives of the missing people. During the last decades, a number of international and domestic laws have focused on the state obligation to create the necessary approach and mechanisms to handle this issue. The paper aims to make an analysis of the legal status of the missing people from the communist era in international and domestic law. In particular, the paper aims to examine domestic measures about this issue. The paper supports the hypothesis that despite the legal and institutional measures undertaken, the issue of missing persons from the communist era in Albania still represents a social and human rights challenge.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Role of Frontex and Easo in the Field of Asylum Policies and the Guarantee of Respecting People's Rights and Integrity
Authors: Muskaj Blerina
Published: April 2024

In the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), in CHAPTER V titled "Area of freedom, security and justice" it has recognized the competence of the topic of immigration which has gone through an important process of agentization, as has happened with many policies of other EU countries. The role of the European Union in answering the questions and problems posed by migratory flows, affecting the countries that are part of it, has been for many months one of the elements of the major debate within the European institutions, between the states and, obviously. , within them, with significant consequences on the political level. Despite the inevitable and many difficulties - the basic and inalienable rights of those who come to a certain country and those of those who have lived there for a long time and have a good reason to wait, the Stockholm Program of adopted by the European Council aims precisely to face the challenge of "guaranteeing respect for fundamental rights and freedoms and the integrity of people, while at the same time guaranteeing security in Europe". This should be supported, among others, by the development and implementation of policies to control and combat irregular and clandestine immigration, improving cooperation with third countries (of origin and transit of migrants), the objective of reaching a system of common asylum applying the principle of solidarity between member states in accordance with the article. 67, par. 2, which should lead to "the further analysis and development of mechanisms for the voluntary and coordinated sharing of responsibilities between Member States". European agencies represent an important part of the Union's institutional mechanism. FRONTEX and EASO were presented as tools to facilitate or strengthen cooperation operational between the authorities of the Member States. However, the activities they perform go beyond simple coordination, as they have acquired characteristics that can have negative consequences for others.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Shadow of the Future: A Framework for Reform in Higher Education
Authors: Beqa Mentor
Published: April 2024

The vast majority of professions practiced a century ago no longer exist, having been supplanted by robotics and other technological advancements. The Global Technology Network posits that the acceleration of technological unemployment is likely to emerge as one of the most challenging societal issues of the twenty-first century. While 'creative destruction', wherein obsolete job roles are replaced by new ones, will play a significant role, our latest technologies possess the potential to eliminate more jobs than they generate. Given the geometric progression of technological advancements, robotics, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, and other disruptive innovations are poised to significantly impact conventional professions in the labor market imminently. Billions of individuals worldwide are currently employed in industries likely to be affected, and billions more entering the workforce will require employment. Higher Education (HE) is confronted with dual challenges in this process: on one hand, it needs to align its entire knowledge production chain with these dynamic requirements to ensure its outputs remain relevant; on the other hand, it must undergo self-transformation to maintain its significance in the production of both technical and non-technical knowledge. This research endeavors to pinpoint Albania's position within these global trends and explores how HE in Albania can adapt without undergoing a catastrophic shock. We advocate for a fundamental overhaul of the higher education system, focusing on transforming the relationship between the state and higher education institutions. Starting from the premise that the socialist experiment with the university system has failed, we propose the outline of a potential reform that reimagines the role of stakeholders. The efficient utilization of new technologies could facilitate this transformation.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Non-State Actors' Impact on Albania's European Integration: Contributions, Opportunities, and Challenges
Authors: Reçi Mirjam
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the significant role of non-state actors in the European integration process, focusing specifically on the case of Albania. The purpose is to analyze how various non-state actors in Albania, such as civil society organizations, think tanks, businesses, and grassroots movements, have contributed to the country's journey towards European integration. The paper aims to highlight the opportunities and challenges these actors bring, and how their involvement can shape Albania's path towards EU accession.
 
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Right to Privacy and Constitution: An In-Depth Analysis
Authors: Dhamo Ana , Dhamo Iris
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the relationship between the right to privacy and the Constitution, examining the theoretical foundations, contemporary challenges, and legal implications of this crucial union in the context of fundamental rights. Privacy, understood as the right to be left alone and to control personal information, has evolved as a cornerstone of democratic and progressive societies. We begin by exploring the roots of the right to privacy in legal and philosophical theories, highlighting how this concept has gained importance in safeguarding human dignity and individual freedom. It also discusses historical and social influences that have shaped the perception of privacy in the context of the formation of modern Constitutions. Subsequently, emerging challenges related to privacy in the digital age are examined. The increasing interconnectivity through information technologies and the proliferation of personal data have posed new challenges to privacy protection, necessitating a critical reevaluation of existing constitutional laws and guarantees. Tensions between the right to privacy and other societal needs, such as national security and crime prevention, are also explored in an attempt to identify a balance that can safeguard both interests. Furthermore, the paper addresses recent legislative and jurisprudential developments regarding the right to privacy, both at the national and international levels. The analysis focuses on crucial court decisions, privacy laws, and legislative debates that have shaped the current legal framework. Finally, potential future developments in the context of the right to privacy and the Constitution are explored, taking into account technological advances, ethical challenges, and emerging societal needs. The aim is to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of how the right to privacy integrates and evolves within the constitutional framework, contributing to a critical understanding of an increasingly relevant topic in contemporary society.
 
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Compatibilty of Albanian Legislation with European Union – Eu Legislation
Authors: Lila Ervis , Lila Anxhela
Published: April 2024

EU membership would be an event with a great impact on Albanian society, on the functioning of institutions, on the economic economy and on the well-being of the people, which being a great driving force would give a variety of positive results. The desire to have the rule of law, the rule of law, the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the economy, the state and well-being, which are seen as distinct elements for the member states of the European Union, are a strong driving force, as a way out this EU membership for the realization of the essential factors. They should aim for membership in the European Union, we should align their domestic legislation with the legislation of the European Union and implement it effectively. The obligation of the Republic of Albania for the approximation of its legislation with the EU acquis derives from the Stabilization and Association Agreement EU - Albania, which was signed on 12 June 2006 and entered into force on 1 April 2009. Article 70 of the SAA - For Albania, it would like to ensure that its existing laws and future legislation gradually go hand in hand with the EU acquis. This approximation started on the date of signing the SAA and will be gradually extended to all elements of the EU acquis required by this Agreement within a transitional period of up to 10 years, divided into two phases. During the first phase of the transitional period (which has manifested itself with the entry into force of the SAA) the approximation focused on the essential elements of the Internal Market acquis, during the second phases of Albania, to become a remaining part of the acquis.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
Freedom of Expression/Right of Information in Relation to the Protection of Personal Data in the Framework of Globalism in Albania
Authors: Maho Besnik
Published: April 2024

Freedom of expression and the right to information are fundamental rights of citizens everywhere in the world, including our country Albania, where these rights are sanctioned both in the Constitution and in other international acts, such as the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) which are an inseparable part of our legal system.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Impact of Globalization and Internationalization on the Global Society
Authors: Draçi Parashqevi , Kadiu Arjana
Published: April 2024

Internationalization and globalization are perceived as the central realities of the 21st century impact on higher education. Moreover, internationalization and globalization together influence to transform the image and organizational activities of universities. To be able to better prepare students for the development of career, universities must be aware of the trends, opportunities and experiences of globalization and internationalization. The impact of globalization and internationalization on the character and behavior of universities has become a central theme of many recent studies. Some even go so far as to claim that the process of globalization has produced a grand new model of global universities. This general trend of today's reality gives us the opportunity to increase the balanced economic and scientific potential of a country and the formation of human capital that leads to an economy with sustainable growth. Education in general and higher education in particular is an important factor and aims for the globalization and internationalization of higher education to achieve these objectives and help society to navigate a future that is more difficult to predict.
 
Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
The Effect of Service Quality and Social Media Marketing on The Purchase Decision in Roemah Coffee
Authors: Firman Hidayat  , Ratih Hurriyati  , Maulana Yono , Romlah
Published: April 2024

Business developments that are happening at this time make a lot of competition in doing business increasingly tight between companies, one of which is the café business. Intense competition among business people requires business people to provide the best for their customers in order to increase purchasing decisions for a company. This study aims to determine the effect of product quality and social media marketing on purchasing decisions at Roemah Kesambi Coffee. The sample in this study was 96 people using incidental sampling. The data analysis method used is multiple regression analysis. The results of the partial research (t test) show that the product quality variable has a significant effect on purchasing decisions.
Ghosting Phenomenon in Interpersonal Communication of Bumble Application Users
Authors: Ramadini Fadia , Radjagukguk Djujur Luciana
Published: April 2024

Technological developments have made it easier for humans to build interpersonal relationships, one of which is using dating apps. One phenomenon that is often found in dating apps is the ghosting phenomenon. The ghosting phenomenon is an indirect termination of relationships that can hinder communication. However, many adult couples often fail or experience a breakup when they are at the approach stage. In general, someone experiencing the end of a relationship or losing a partner can be a very traumatic and sad experience and can disrupt a person's mental health. This research aims to find out at what stage the ghosting phenomenon occurs in interpersonal communication on the dating app Bumble. This research uses a phenomenological research method with a qualitative approach, data collection techniques of in-depth interviews and observation. The theory used is the Social Penetration Theory which has four stages in a relationship, namely the orientation stage, affective exploratory exchange, affective exchange and stable exchange. The results of this research show that the ghosting phenomenon can occur at every stage of a relationship, during the introduction stage or when the relationship is already close to each other. This experience of ghosting behavior also creates communication barriers between people and leaves the victim feeling uncomfortable.
Cumhuriyet Tarihinin İlk Kadın Gazetecisi Selma Rıza Feraceli’nin Hayatı ve Çalışmaları
Authors: Özpınar Kübra
Published: April 2024

Tanzimat Dönemi ’nin yenilikçi rüzgarları altında, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu' nun modernleşme döneminde önemli bir yere sahip olan Selma Rıza Feraceli, hem ilk Türk kadın gazetecisi hem de romancısı olarak tarihe geçmiştir. Meslek hayatı boyunca, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği, eğitim ve kadın hakları gibi konularda öncü bir rol üstlenmiş, aydınlık Cumhuriyet 'in simge isimlerinden biri olmuştur. Kadınların toplumdaki yerini güçlendirmek ve eşitlikçi bir zemin oluşturmak için attığı önemli adımlarla tanınan Feraceli, özellikle "Uhuvvet" romanı ve sosyal sorumluluk projeleriyle Türkiye'nin sosyal ve kültürel dönüşümünde belirgin bir iz bırakmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Tanzimat Dönemi ’nden Cumhuriyet'in ilk yıllarına uzanan süreçte, Selma Rıza Feraceli 'nin hayatını, eserlerini ve kadın hakları, eğitim ile toplumsal değişim konularındaki katkılarını incelemektir. Çalışmada içerik analizi tekniği ile nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak, Feraceli 'nin hem edebi hem de sosyal katkılarının detaylı bir analizi sunulmuştur.
Hypertension knowledge and its associated factors among hypertensive patients in primary care settings in Central Vietnam: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hien Ho Anh , Tam Nguyen Minh , Devroey Dirk , Heytens Stefan , Tam Vo , Thang Tran Binh , Duc Vo Nu Hong , Nha Dang Thi Thanh , Long Doan Pham Phuoc , Phong Nguyen Vu , Minh Huynh Van , Tien Hoang Anh
Published: April 2024

Context: Hypertension is highly prevalent in Vietnam, yet the rate of controlled hypertension remains low. Knowledge about hypertension is linked to patient beliefs and medication adherence. However, there's limited data on hypertension knowledge among primary care patients in Vietnam. Aims: To evaluate the knowledge of hypertension among hypertensive patients in primary care settings in Central Vietnam and identify factors affecting their knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a thorough examination was performed to assess hypertension knowledge and its related factors. Utilizing the Hypertension Knowledge Level Scale and Medication Adherence Report Scale, hypertension knowledge and medication adherence were evaluated. Additionally, demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and patient belief data were gathered. Statistical analyses and logistic regression models were applied to pinpoint key factors associated with hypertension knowledge. Results: In the study involving 761 participants (55.7% male), the average hypertension knowledge score was 15.0 (SD = 4.6), with only 45.3% demonstrating a high level of knowledge. Significant correlations were observed between hypertension knowledge and variables such as education level, ethnicity, home blood pressure monitoring, patient beliefs, and medication adherence. Logistic regression analysis indicated that higher education levels and belonging to the majority ethnicity were linked to enhanced hypertension knowledge. Notably, individuals with better hypertension knowledge tended to recognize the necessity of their prescribed medications. Conclusions: Hypertension knowledge among primary care patients in Central Vietnam is suboptimal, with approximately half having a high knowledge level. These findings emphasize the importance of hypertension knowledge in shaping patient beliefs, perceptions, and medication adherence. Tailored educational interventions are crucial, especially for those with lower education and minority backgrounds, to enhance hypertension management.
The Impact of Leadership Training and Development on Employee Job Performance in Manufacturing Sector, Malaysia
Authors: Nursyhira Azad Abul Kalam Azad  , Mohammed Reyasudin Basir Khan  , Chong Peng Lean  , Tatchanaamoorti Purnshatman
Published: April 2024

The research was carried out to explore the influence of leadership training and development on employee job performance. Leadership is an expertise that drives groups of people to act towards a shared aim. It is a process of motivating and enabling people to work energetically towards goals. Leadership is vital because it develops a clear vision and communicates effectively with subordinates and co-workers. A company must develop its leaders and managers with strong leadership skills. This research aims to evaluate the influence of leadership training and development for managers on employee performance. About 68 workers have been picked as a sample. A quantitative research design was adopted, and a questionnaire was used to collect the primary data. The convenience sampling approach was chosen. The reliability test used Cronbach’s alpha, and the result was determined to be 0.627. Based on the correlation and regression results, where p < 0.00, leadership training and development significantly influence work performance. Thus, the author concluded that practical leadership training and development for managers lead to high employee work performance.