bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photosensitized production of functionalized and unsaturated organic compounds at the air-sea interface
Authors: Ciuraru Raluca , Fine Ludovic , van Pinxteren Manuela , D’Anna Barbara , Herrmann Hartmut , George Christian
Published: August 2015

The sea-surface microlayer (SML) has different physical, chemical and biological properties compared to the subsurface water, with an enrichment of organic matter i.e., dissolved organic matter including UV absorbing humic substances, fatty acids and many others. Here we present experimental evidence that dissolved organic matter, such as humic acids, when exposed to sunlight, can photosensitize the chemical conversion of linear saturated fatty acids at the air-water interface into unsaturated functionalized gas phase products (i.e. saturated and unsaturated aldehydes and acids, alkenes and dienes,…) which are known precursors of secondary organic aerosols. These functionalized molecules have previously been thought to be of biological origin, but here we demonstrate that abiotic interfacial photochemistry has the potential to produce such molecules. As the ocean is widely covered by the SML, this new understanding will impact on our ability to describe atmospheric chemistry in the marine environment.
Field-effect control of superconductivity and Rashba spin-orbit coupling in top-gated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 devices
Authors: Hurand S. , Jouan A. , Feuillet-Palma C. , Singh G. , Biscaras J. , Lesne E. , Reyren N. , Barthélémy A. , Bibes M. , Villegas J. E. , Ulysse C. , Lafosse X. , Pannetier-Lecoeur M. , Caprara S. , Grilli M. , Lesueur J. , Bergeal N.
Published: August 2015

The recent development in the fabrication of artificial oxide heterostructures opens new avenues in the field of quantum materials by enabling the manipulation of the charge, spin and orbital degrees of freedom. In this context, the discovery of two-dimensional electron gases (2-DEGs) at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces, which exhibit both superconductivity and strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC), represents a major breakthrough. Here, we report on the realisation of a field-effect LaAlO3/SrTiO3 device, whose physical properties, including superconductivity and SOC, can be tuned over a wide range by a top-gate voltage. We derive a phase diagram, which emphasises a field-effect-induced superconductor-to-insulator quantum phase transition. Magneto-transport measurements show that the Rashba coupling constant increases linearly with the interfacial electric field. Our results pave the way for the realisation of mesoscopic devices, where these two properties can be manipulated on a local scale by means of top-gates.
Auxiliary KCNE subunits modulate both homotetrameric Kv2.1 and heterotetrameric Kv2.1/Kv6.4 channels
Authors: David Jens-Peter , Stas Jeroen I. , Schmitt Nicole , Bocksteins Elke
Published: August 2015

The diversity of the voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel subfamily Kv2 is increased by interactions with auxiliary β-subunits and by assembly with members of the modulatory so-called silent Kv subfamilies (Kv5-Kv6 and Kv8-Kv9). However, it has not yet been investigated whether these two types of modulating subunits can associate within and modify a single channel complex simultaneously. Here, we demonstrate that the transmembrane β-subunit KCNE5 modifies the Kv2.1/Kv6.4 current extensively, whereas KCNE2 and KCNE4 only exert minor effects. Co-expression of KCNE5 with Kv2.1 and Kv6.4 did not alter the Kv2.1/Kv6.4 current density but modulated the biophysical properties significantly; KCNE5 accelerated the activation, slowed the deactivation and steepened the slope of the voltage-dependence of the Kv2.1/Kv6.4 inactivation by accelerating recovery of the closed-state inactivation. In contrast, KCNE5 reduced the current density ~2-fold without affecting the biophysical properties of Kv2.1 homotetramers. Co-localization of Kv2.1, Kv6.4 and KCNE5 was demonstrated with immunocytochemistry and formation of Kv2.1/Kv6.4/KCNE5 and Kv2.1/KCNE5 complexes was confirmed by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer experiments performed in HEK293 cells. These results suggest that a triple complex consisting of Kv2.1, Kv6.4 and KCNE5 subunits can be formed. In vivo, formation of such tripartite Kv2.1/Kv6.4/KCNE5 channel complexes might contribute to tissue-specific fine-tuning of excitability.
Morphological and community changes of turf algae in competition with corals
Authors: Cetz-Navarro Neidy P. , Quan-Young Lizette I. , Espinoza-Avalos Julio
Published: August 2015

The morphological plasticity and community responses of algae competing with corals have not been assessed. We evaluated eight morphological characters of four species of stoloniferous clonal filamentous turf algae (FTA), including Lophosiphonia cristata (Lc) and Polysiphonia scopulorum var. villum (Psv) and the composition and number of turf algae (TA) in competition for space with the coral Orbicella spp. under experimental and non-manipulated conditions. All FTA exhibited morphological responses, such as increasing the formation of new ramets (except for Psv when competing with O. faveolata). Opposite responses in the space between erect axes were found when Psv competed with O. faveolata and when Lc competed with O. annularis. The characters modified by each FTA species and the number and composition of TA species growing next to coral tissue differed from that of the TA growing at ≥3 cm. The specific and community responses indicate that some species of TA can actively colonise coral tissue and that fundamental competitive interactions between the two types of organisms occur within the first millimetres of the coral−algal boundary. These findings suggest that the morphological plasticity, high number and functional redundancy of stoloniferous TA species favour their colonisation of coral tissue and resistance against coral invasion.
Perioperative chemotherapy more of a benefit for overall survival than adjuvant chemotherapy for operable gastric cancer: an updated Meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Ya’nan , Yin Xue , Sheng Lei , Xu Shan , Dong Lingling , Liu Lian
Published: August 2015

To clarify the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on the survival outcomes of operable gastric cancers, we searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library for randomized clinical trials published until June 2014 that compared NAC-containing strategies with NAC-free strategies in patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach or the esophagogastric junction, who had undergone potentially curative resection. The adjusted pooled hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS) was insignificant when comparing the NAC-containing arm with the NAC-free arm. Subgroup analysis showed that the OS of the treatment arm that involved both adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) and NAC was significantly improved over the control arm (AC only) (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.35–0.67; P < 0.001). While NAC alone plus surgery did not show any survival benefit over surgery alone. Perioperative chemotherapy (PC) also showed a significant increase in PFS and a significant reduction in distant metastasis compared to surgery alone. Therefore, in patients with resectable gastric cancer, NAC alone is not enough and AC alone is not good enough to definitely improve their OS. Collectively, PC combined with surgery could maximize the survival benefit for patients with resectable gastric cancer.
Neural signatures of response planning occur midway through an incoming question in conversation
Authors: Bögels Sara , Magyari Lilla , Levinson Stephen C.
Published: August 2015

A striking puzzle about language use in everyday conversation is that turn-taking latencies are usually very short, whereas planning language production takes much longer. This implies overlap between language comprehension and production processes, but the nature and extent of such overlap has never been studied directly. Combining an interactive quiz paradigm with EEG measurements in an innovative way, we show that production planning processes start as soon as possible, that is, within half a second after the answer to a question can be retrieved (up to several seconds before the end of the question). Localization of ERP data shows early activation even of brain areas related to late stages of production planning (e.g., syllabification). Finally, oscillation results suggest an attention switch from comprehension to production around the same time frame. This perspective from interactive language use throws new light on the performance characteristics that language competence involves.
Exploring silver ionic liquids for reaction-based gas sensing on a quartz crystal microbalance
Authors: Li Hsin-Yi , Hsu Tzu-Hsuan , Chen Chien-Yuan , Tseng Ming-Chung , Chu Yen-Ho
Published: August 2015

This work involves direct synthesis of functional silver ionic liquids in water, and is label-free and chemoselective with superior reactivity toward targeted gases and, most significantly, insensitive to moisture.
Halomethyl-cobalt(bis-acetylacetonate) for the controlled synthesis of functional polymers
Authors: Demarteau Jérémy , Kermagoret Anthony , German Ian , Cordella Daniela , Robeyns Koen , De Winter Julien , Gerbaux Pascal , Jérôme Christine , Debuigne Antoine , Detrembleur Christophe
Published: August 2015

We report a novel synthesis of organocobalts bearing a weak C–Co bond, and their utility in the precision synthesis of functional polymers.
A dual-FRET-based fluorescence probe for the sequential detection of MMP-2 and caspase-3
Authors: Li Shi-Ying , Liu Li-Han , Cheng Hong , Li Bin , Qiu Wen-Xiu , Zhang Xian-Zheng
Published: August 2015

A novel turn-on fluorescence probe based on dual-FRET quenching processes was developed for the sequential detection of MMP-2 and caspase-3.
Dipeptide recognition in water mediated by mixed monolayer protected gold nanoparticles
Authors: Yapar Serap , Oikonomou Maria , Velders Aldrik H. , Kubik Stefan
Published: August 2015

Mixed monolayer protected gold nanoparticles with three orthogonal binding sites on their surface were shown to bind dipeptides in water better than analogues containing only one binding site or a combination of two.
Linkage inversion assembled nano-aptasensors (LIANAs) for turn-on fluorescence detection
Authors: Velu Ranganathan , Frost Nadine , DeRosa Maria C.
Published: August 2015

A strategy for aptamer-based biosensing termed linkage inversion assembled nano-aptasensors (LIANAs) is shown to be a generally applicable approach to the sensitive and specific detection of a target molecule in turn-on fluorescence solution-based and paper-based tests.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking of Co(ii) metal–organic frameworks from achiral precursors via asymmetrical crystallization
Authors: Yu Ya-Dong , Luo Chan , Liu Bao-Yu , Huang Xiao-Chun , Li Dan
Published: August 2015

Enantioenriched 3D pseudo-enantiomorphs integrating porosity, chirality and magnetism together with different colour and morphology were obtained through spontaneous symmetry breaking.
The effect of Duschinsky rotation on charge transport properties of molecular junctions in the sequential tunneling regime
Authors: Tian Guangjun , Duan Sai , Zhang Guang-Ping , Hu Wei , Luo Yi
Published: August 2015

We present here a systematic theoretical study on the effect of Duschinsky rotation on charge transport properties of molecular junctions in the sequential tunneling regime.
Ultra-wide bandwidth with enhanced microwave absorption of electroless Ni–P coated tetrapod-shaped ZnO nano- and microstructures
Authors: Najim Mohd , Modi Gaurav , Mishra Yogendra Kumar , Adelung Rainer , Singh Dharmendra , Agarwala Vijaya
Published: August 2015

Tetrapod-shaped ZnO structures were synthesized by a simple FTS approach and have been coated with Ni–P using the electroless deposition process. Ni–P coated T-ZnO exhibits an ultra-wide bandwidth of 10.0 GHz (4.0–14.0 GHz) at RL < −10 dB for the coating thickness of 3.4 mm.
Unexpected DNA binding properties with correlated downstream biological applications in mono vs. bis-1,8-naphthalimide Ru(ii)-polypyridyl conjugates
Authors: Ryan Gary J. , Poynton Fergus E. , Elmes Robert B. P. , Erby Marialuisa , Williams D. Clive , Quinn Susan J. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur
Published: August 2015

The development of two 1,8-napthalimide-conjugated Ru(ii)-polypyridyl complexes which exhibit different DNA binding and photocleavage behavior is presented.
Carboxylic acid derivatives via catalytic carboxylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons: whether the nature of a reductant may determine the mechanism of CO2incorporation?
Authors: Kirillov E. , Carpentier J.-F. , Bunel E.
Published: August 2015

Advances and recent breakthroughs in catalytic synthesis of carboxylic acids and their derivatives starting from unsaturated hydrocarbons are discussed.
Single molecule magnet behaviour in a rare trinuclear {CrIIIDyIII2} methoxo-bridged complex
Authors: Car Pierre-Emmanuel , Favre Annaïck , Caneschi Andrea , Sessoli Roberta
Published: August 2015

A new neutral hetero-trinuclear {CrIII–DyIII2} coordination complex exhibiting single molecule magnet behaviour has been synthesized.
The exceptionally rich coordination chemistry generated by Schiff-base ligands derived from o-vanillin
Authors: Andruh Marius
Published: August 2015

Recent and relevant examples of homo- and heterometallic complexes generated by Schiff base ligands derived from o-vanillin, as well as their properties, are discussed.
Dynamics of dissipative self-assembly of particles interacting through oscillatory forces
Authors: Tagliazucchi M. , Szleifer I.
Published: August 2015

Dissipative self-assembly is the formation of ordered structures far from equilibrium, which continuously uptake energy and dissipate it into the environment. Due to its dynamical nature, dissipative self-assembly can lead to new phenomena and possibilities of self-organization that are unavailable to equilibrium systems. Understanding the dynamics of dissipative self-assembly is required in order to direct the assembly to structures of interest. In the present work, Brownian dynamics simulations and analytical theory were used to study the dynamics of self-assembly of a mixture of particles coated with weak acids and bases under continuous oscillations of the pH. The pH of the system modulates the charge of the particles and, therefore, the interparticle forces oscillate in time. This system produces a variety of self-assembled structures, including colloidal molecules, fibers and different types of crystalline lattices. The most important conclusions of our study are: (i) in the limit of fast oscillations, the whole dynamics (and not only those at the non-equilibrium steady state) of a system of particles interacting through time-oscillating interparticle forces can be described by an effective potential that is the time average of the time-dependent potential over one oscillation period; (ii) the oscillation period is critical to determine the order of the system. In some cases the order is favored by very fast oscillations while in others small oscillation frequencies increase the order. In the latter case, it is shown that slow oscillations remove kinetic traps and, thus, allow the system to evolve towards the most stable non-equilibrium steady state.
C5-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ones as highly specific kinase inhibitors targeting the clinical resistance-related EGFRT790M mutant
Authors: Xu Tianfeng , Peng Ting , Ren Xiaomei , Zhang Lianwen , Yu Lei , Luo Jinfeng , Zhang Zhang , Tu Zhengchao , Tong Linjiang , Huang Zhaoru , Lu Xiaoyun , Geng Meiyu , Xie Hua , Ding Jian , Ding Ke
Published: August 2015

C5-substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ones were discovered as highly potent and specific inhibitors targeting the clinical resistance-related EGFRL858R/T790M mutant.
Reddish-orange-emitting and paramagnetic properties of GdVO4:Sm3+/Eu3+ multifunctional nanomaterials
Authors: Liu Yanxia , Liu Guixia , Wang Jinxian , Dong Xiangting , Yu Wensheng
Published: August 2015

The as-prepared samples are short and rod-like in shape with a diameter of about 10 nm and length of about 20–30 nm. The excitation spectra indicate that Sm3+ ions transfer energy to Eu3+ ions, which increases the color purity of Eu3+ ions in the GdVO4 system.
Importance of polypyrrole in constructing 3D hierarchical carbon nanotube@MnO2perfect core–shell nanostructures for high-performance flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Jinyuan , Zhao Hao , Mu Xuemei , Chen Jiayi , Zhang Peng , Wang Yaling , He Yongmin , Zhang Zhenxing , Pan Xiaojun , Xie Erqing
Published: August 2015

This study reports the preparation of 3D hierarchical carbon nanotube (CNT)@MnO2core–shell nanostructures under the assistance of polypyrrole (PPy).
Selectively enhanced red upconversion luminescence and phase/size manipulation via Fe3+ doping in NaYF4:Yb,Er nanocrystals
Authors: Tang Jing , Chen Li , Li Jing , Wang Zhe , Zhang Jiahua , Zhang Ligong , Luo Yongshi , Wang Xiaojun
Published: August 2015

Red upconversion luminescence (UCL) is selectively enhanced via Fe3+ codoping into a NaYF4:Yb,Er nanocrystalline lattice showing remarkable promise as a multimodal nanoprobe for biomedical imaging.
High-performance humidity sensors based on electrospinning ZnFe2O4 nanotubes
Authors: Zhuo Ming , Yang Ting , Fu Tao , Li Qiuhong
Published: August 2015

In this paper, ZnFe2O4 nanotubes with hollow structure were synthesized by a simple electrospinning method. Humidity sensor was fabricated based on these nanotubes. The electrical measurements show excellent performance in humidity sensing.
5d, a novel analogue of 3-n-butylphthalide, protects brains against nervous injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion through Akt/Nrf2/NOX4 signaling pathway
Authors: Ling Jingjing , Ji Hui , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Yihua , Zhang Chao , Song Huizhu , Li Jing , Zhao Min , Ping Fengfeng , Qian Jun
Published: August 2015

5d, a novel analogue of 3-n-butylphthalide, decreases NADPH oxidase activity by the activation of Nrf2 through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway after I/R and may be an effective candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Reinvestigation of the reaction between 1,3-diketones and 2-hydroxyarylaldehydes: a short, atom-economical entry to tetrahydroxanthenones
Authors: Chandrasekhara Rao L. , Satish Kumar N. , Jagadeesh Babu N. , Meshram H. M.
Published: August 2015

A short and facile access to novel functionalized tetrahydroxanthenonesviaa DABCO-promoted tandem Knoevenagel condensation/hemiketalisation process from easily accessible substrates in a high yield.
Retracted Article: Facile fabrication of water-dispersible AgInS2 quantum dots and mesoporous AgInS2 nanospheres with visible photoluminescence
Authors: Jin Hui , Gui Rijun , Wang Zonghua , Xia Jianfei , Yang Min , Zhang Feifei , Bi Sai
Published: August 2015

This article reported the facile preparation of water-dispersible near-infrared-emitting AgInS2 quantum dots and mesoporous AgInS2 nanospheres with visible photoluminescence.
Exploring the blue luminescence origin of nitrogen-doped carbon dots by controlling the water amount in synthesis
Authors: Ding Hui , Xiong Huan-Ming
Published: August 2015

Nitrogen doped carbon dots show regular changes in quantum yield when the water content in synthesis is adjusted, and their strong blue fluorescence is proved to arise from the CO groups on the nanoparticle surfaces.
Diversity oriented synthesis of tri-substituted methane containing aminouracil and hydroxynaphthoquinone/hydroxycoumarin moiety using organocatalysed multicomponent reactions in aqueous medium
Authors: Bharti Ruchi , Parvin Tasneem
Published: August 2015

One-pot multicomponent reaction of aldehyde, 1,3-dimethyl-6-aminouracil and 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone/4-hydroxycoumarin using a bifunctional thiourea-based organocatalyst in aqueous medium has been reported.
Ultrasound mediated efficient synthesis of spironaphthoquinolines
Authors: Sarmah Manas M. , Borthakur Somadrita , Bhuyan Debajyoti , Prajapati Dipak
Published: August 2015

Spironaphthoquinolines can be obtained with good yields under ultrasound-mediated pseudo one-pot conditions from easily available precursors. The ‘atom-economy’ and ‘procedural simplicity’ of the process makes it an attractive protocol to synthesize desired compounds.
Self-complementary double-stranded porphyrin arrays assembled from an alternating pyridyl–porphyrin sequence
Authors: Morisue Mitsuhiko , Hoshino Yuki , Shimizu Kohei , Shimizu Masaki , Kuroda Yasuhisa
Published: August 2015

Oligomeric porphyrin arrays with an alternating pyridyl–porphyrin sequence were synthesized to explore double-strand formation through self-complementary pyridyl-to-zinc axial coordination bonds.
The influence of ionic strength and mixing ratio on the colloidal stability of PDAC/PSS polyelectrolyte complexes
Authors: Zhang Yanpu , Yildirim Erol , Antila Hanne S. , Valenzuela Luis D. , Sammalkorpi Maria , Lutkenhaus Jodie L.
Published: August 2015

Over time, polyelectrolyte complexes aggregate, dissolve, or remain colloidally stable.
Counter electrode materials combined with redox couples in dye- and quantum dot-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Wu Mingxing , Lin Xiao , Wang Yudi , Ma Tingli
Published: August 2015

Counter electrode materials combined with iodide-free redox couples in dye- and quantum dot-sensitized solar cells.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation on a BiVO4 photoanode modified with multi-functional layered double hydroxide nanowalls
Authors: He Wanhong , Wang Ruirui , Zhang Lu , Zhu Jie , Xiang Xu , Li Feng
Published: August 2015

A multi-functional layered double hydroxide (LDH)-modified BiVO4 photoanode exhibits a tremendous cathodic shift of the onset potential and more than 2-fold enhancement in the oxidation efficiency and IPCE value.
Healing damaged coatings using friction-sensitive hybrid microcapsules
Authors: García-Jimeno Sonia , Cano-Sarabia Mary , Mejias Nereida , Navarro Virtudes , Frances Ana Belen , Maspoch Daniel
Published: August 2015

A new healing surface coating technology based on the incorporation of hybrid melamine-formaldehyde–polyurethane (MF/PU) microcapsules which contain a healing mixture, into standard polyurethane surface coatings, is described.
In situ surface alkalinized g-C3N4 toward enhancement of photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Li Yunxiang , Xu Hua , Ouyang Shuxin , Lu Da , Wang Xin , Wang Defa , Ye Jinhua
Published: August 2015

An in situ surface alkalization over g-C3N4 achieves 14-fold enhancement in photocatalytic H2 evolution.
Experimental and theoretical investigations of nitro-group doped porous carbon as a high performance lithium-ion battery anode
Authors: Yang Yang , Zheng Fangcai , Xia Guoliang , Lun Zhengyan , Chen Qianwang
Published: August 2015

The lithium adsorption abilities of various functional groups (NH2, NO2, SO3H, Cl, Br, I) are studied by first-principles quantum chemical calculations which are doped at the edge of graphene sheets. Among all the groups, the nitro-group shows the best properties.
Designer hydrogels for precision control of oxygen tension and mechanical properties
Authors: Blatchley Michael , Park Kyung Min , Gerecht Sharon
Published: August 2015

Controlled oxygen levels and mechanical properties in hydrogels provide cellular cues.
Nanoporous molybdenum carbide nanowires: a novel sensing platform for DNA detection
Authors: Xing Zhicai , Wang Lei , Sun Xuping , He Yuquan , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: August 2015

Nanoporous Mo2C nanowires have been successfully demonstrated as an effective sensing platform for nucleic acid detection for the first time.
Fabrication of metal–organic single crystalline nanowires and reduced graphene oxide enhancement for an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor
Authors: Tan Changhui , Zhang Wuxiang , Zheng Jianzhong , You Xiuli , Lin Xuan , Li Shunxing
Published: August 2015

Schematic of the copper phthalocyanine nanowire modified glassy carbon electrode with reduced graphene oxide–Nafion composite film used for detecting dopamine.
Transparent organic/inorganic nanocomposites for tunable full-color upconversion
Authors: Sang Xiangwen , Chen Weibo , Chen Ping , Liu Xiaofeng , Qiu Jianrong
Published: August 2015

Transparent inorganic/organic nanocomposites are fabricated, which enable tunable upconversion emission covering the entire color space.
Tetrathiafulvalene-based nanocrystals: site-selective formation, device fabrication, and electrical properties
Authors: Hasegawa Hiroyuki
Published: August 2015

A tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based nanocrystal was selectively synthesized only in the gap between two electrodes using a nanoscale electrocrystallization. A two-terminal TTF-based device and an FET could be readily obtained via an eco-friendly nanofabrication process.
Nd doping of bismuth ferrite to tune electromagnetic properties and increase microwave absorption by magnetic–dielectric synergy
Authors: Li Yong , Cao Wen-qiang , Yuan Jie , Wang Da-wei , Cao Mao-sheng
Published: August 2015

Ordered Nd doped BiFeO3, a novel microwave absorber, demonstrates tunable electromagnetic parameters and increased absorption due to an ordered domain structure and strong superexchange interaction.
Pure aromatic hydrocarbons with rigid and bulky substituents as bipolar hosts for blue phosphorescent OLEDs
Authors: Zhuo MinJie , Sun Wei , Liu GaoWen , Wang Juan , Guo LiYuan , Liu Chen , Mi BaoXiu , Song Juan , Gao ZhiQiang
Published: August 2015

Four pure hydrocarbons were synthesized and employed as hosts for blue-PhOLEDs. With almost the same bandgap/triplet-energy, their device performances are different.
Individual single-crystal nanowires as electrodes for organic single-crystal nanodevices
Authors: Wang Guorui , Tang Qingxin , Tong Yanhong , Hu Wenping , Liu Yichun
Published: August 2015

The SnO2:Sb single-crystal nanowires have been shown to function as electrodes to open a window into the fundamental understanding of the intrinsic properties of highly ordered organic semiconductors and the development of optimized and miniaturized organic nanodevices.
Synthesis, aggregation-induced emission and electroluminescence properties of a novel compound containing tetraphenylethene, carbazole and dimesitylboron moieties
Authors: Shi Heping , Gong Zhihua , Xin Dehua , Roose Jesse , Peng Huiren , Chen Shuming , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: August 2015

A novel compound based on tetraphenylethene, carbazole and dimesitylboron moieties with aggregation induced emission properties was synthesized and utilized as a highly efficient blue light-emitting material in OLEDs.
Compositions and thermoelectric properties of XNiSn (X = Ti, Zr, Hf) half-Heusler alloys
Authors: Downie R. A. , Barczak S. A. , Smith R. I. , Bos J. W. G.
Published: August 2015

Neutron powder diffraction has been used to investigate the experimental compositions of single and multiphase half-Heusler samples.
Multiple stimuli-responsive and reversible fluorescence switches based on a diethylamino-functionalized tetraphenylethene
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Nie Han , Yu Zhenqiang , Qin Anjun , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: August 2015

A simple fluorescent probe exhibits AIE character and multiple stimuli-responsive ability (pH-response, vapor-chromism and thermochromism).
Semi‐analytic design method for dual‐band power amplifiers
Authors: Dai Zhijiang , He Songbai , Pang Jingzhou , Huang Chaoyi
Published: August 2015

A semi‐analytic method is presented for dual‐band power amplifier design. A commensurate transmission line is applied to reduce the number of independent variables in a given topology so that the optimisation algorithm would be more robust to handle it. At the same time, it could be described as a rational function. To pursue a good performance at the two bands, continuous mode is also considered for controlling the harmonics. The impedance of the lower band is controlled up to the third harmonic, while that of the upper band is up to the second harmonic. The efficiency of the dual band is, respectively, 69.4 and 70.7%, and the corresponding output power is 41.7 and 41.5 dBm at 2.4 and 3.45 GHz, respectively.
Robust beamformer based on magnitude response constraint and steering vector correction
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Wei , Xu Dingjie , Wang Xianpeng , Han Zifa
Published: August 2015

To form a beam toward the direction of a desired signal against steering vector mismatch, proposed is a robust beamformer based on magnitude response constraint and steering vector correction. First, the direction of the desired signal is restricted in a possible angular sector. An initial antenna array weight is obtained by adding a magnitude response constraint. Then, the presumed steering vector can be corrected iteratively based on a new objective function and constraint condition. Finally, an optimal weight and corrected steering vector can be obtained at the same time when the iterative process is accomplished. It is shown that both the mean square error of the corrected steering vector and the output signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio of the proposed method outperform traditional beamformers.
Performance estimation for indoor wireless systems using FDTD method
Authors: Austin A.C.M.
Published: August 2015

A three‐dimensional implementation of the finite‐difference time‐domain method is used to estimate the down‐link outage probability of a direct‐sequence code division multiple access system operating in a multi‐storey office building in the presence of co‐channel interference. The numerical analysis is supported by experimental measurements and good agreement is found for the outage probability. Both simulation and measured results indicate that vertically aligned co‐channel base stations have lower outage than a vertically staggered configuration, which is explained by examining the correlation between the desired and interfering signals.
Symbol level iterative soft decision decoder for Reed‐Solomon codes based on parity‐check equations
Authors: Ogundile O.O. , Genga Y.O. , Versfeld D.J.J.
Published: August 2015

A symbol level iterative soft decision (SD) algorithm for Reed‐Solomon codes based on parity‐check equations is developed. This is achieved by transforming the systematic parity‐check matrix according to some rules. The rules are based on the soft reliability information matrix derived from the received vector. The symbol error rate performance of the resulting algorithm is documented through computer simulation and compared with the hard decision Berlekamp‐Massey (B‐M) algorithm, and the Koetter and Vardy‐Guruswami and Sudan (KV‐GS) algorithm. The result verifies that the iterative (SD) algorithm outperforms the KV‐GS and B‐M algorithms by a significant margin while maintaining a reasonable decoding time complexity level.
Wearable fabric antenna on upper arm for MedRadio band applications with reconfigurable beam capability
Authors: Kang Seonghun , Jung Chang Won
Published: August 2015

A wearable fabric antenna on the upper arm is presented for on‐body applications in the MedRadio band. The antenna was manufactured on a fabric substrate and operated at the Medical Device Radio Communications Service band (MedRadio band: 401–406 MHz). The antenna was designed to steer the beam directions. The use of two artificial switches enables a beam‐steering capability. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 50 × 20.5 × 0.66 mm3 (676.5 mm3), and it utilises a fabric substrate (εr = 1.92, tan δ = 0.023). A one‐layer skin model (εr = 46.74, σ = 0.69 S/m) is adopted for antenna simulation and measurement.
Experimental evaluation of a partially shaded photovoltaic system with a fuzzy logic‐based peak power tracking control strategy
Authors: Shah Nilesh , Rajagopalan Chudamani
Published: August 2015

Partial shading on photovoltaic (PV) array makes the task of operating the PV system at its peak power more complex due to multiple peak points on power–voltage (P–V) characteristic. Amongst multiple peaks, it is challenging to find global peak as there is a possibility of the system getting stuck at a local peak otherwise considerable loss of power may occur. In this study, experimental evaluation of a novel algorithm which tracks global peak is presented. The algorithm is capable of tracking the peak power under all partial shadowing and uniformly varying insolation conditions. The algorithm scans the entire P–V curve in larger steps by varying the duty cycle of DC–DC converter without missing any peak to determine approximate location of peak power point and then uses fuzzy logic to track the real global peak. The algorithm is verified through simulation and the results are validated through hardware implementation using TMS320F28335 digital signal processor. The experimental results match with the simulation results that justify the performance and robustness of the proposed algorithm for tracking global peak power when the PV array is partially shaded. The comparative evaluation of the proposed algorithm with conventional perturb and observe‐based method is also carried out experimentally.
Fatigue lifetime of AlBC3 alloy by ultrasonic fatigue testing machine in cavitation regime
Authors: Cho I.S. , Amanov A. , Park I.G.
Published: August 2015

In this study, the influence of ultrasonic nanocrystalline surface modification (UNSM) technique on the cavitation fatigue properties of AlBC3 alloy was investigated. The fatigue properties of the untreated and treated specimens were assessed using an ultrasonic fatigue testing (UFT) machine. The treated specimens exhibited longer fatigue life in comparison with those of the untreated specimens, which may attributed to the plastically deformed layer at the top surface of the treated specimen. Also, a fracture analysis was studied using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to shed light on the fracture behavior of the specimens.
Exact synthesis of single-qubit unitaries over Clifford-cyclotomic gate sets
Authors: Forest Simon , Gosset David , Kliuchnikov Vadym , McKinnon David
Published: August 2015

We generalize an efficient exact synthesis algorithm for single-qubit unitaries over the Clifford+T gate set which was presented by Kliuchnikov, Maslov, and Mosca [Quantum Inf. Comput. 13(7,8), 607–630 (2013)]. Their algorithm takes as input an exactly synthesizable single-qubit unitary—one which can be expressed without error as a product of Clifford and T gates—and outputs a sequence of gates which implements it. The algorithm is optimal in the sense that the length of the sequence, measured by the number of T gates, is smallest possible. In this paper, for each positive even integer n, we consider the “Clifford-cyclotomic” gate set consisting of the Clifford group plus a z-rotation by πn. We present an efficient exact synthesis algorithm which outputs a decomposition using the minimum number of πn z-rotations. For the Clifford+T case n = 4, the group of exactly synthesizable unitaries was shown to be equal to the group of unitaries with entries over the ring Z[eiπn,1/2]. We prove that this characterization holds for a handful of other small values of n but the fraction of positive even integers for which it fails to hold is 100%.
The ASACUSA Micromegas Tracker: A cylindrical, bulk Micromegas detector for antimatter research
Authors: Radics B. , Nagata Y. , Yamazaki Y. , Ishikawa S. , Kuroda N. , Matsuda Y. , Anfreville M. , Aune S. , Boyer M. , Chateau F. , Combet M. , Granelli R. , Legou P. , Mandjavidze I. , Procureur S. , Riallot M. , Vallage B. , Vandenbroucke M.
Published: August 2015

The ASACUSA Micromegas Tracker (AMT; ASACUSA: Atomic Spectroscopy and Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) was designed to be able to reconstruct antiproton-nucleon annihilation vertices in three dimensions. The goal of this device is to study antihydrogen formation processes in the ASACUSA cusp trap, which was designed to synthesise a spin-polarised antihydrogen beam for precise tests of Charge, Parity, and Time (CPT) symmetry invariance. This paper discusses the structure and technical details of an AMT detector built into such an environment, its data acquisition system and the first performance with cosmic rays.
New results for global exponential synchronization in neural networks via functional differential inclusions
Authors: Wang Dongshu , Huang Lihong , Tang Longkun
Published: August 2015

This paper is concerned with the synchronization dynamical behaviors for a class of delayed neural networks with discontinuous neuron activations. Continuous and discontinuous state feedback controller are designed such that the neural networks model can realize exponential complete synchronization in view of functional differential inclusions theory, Lyapunov functional method and inequality technique. The new proposed results here are very easy to verify and also applicable to neural networks with continuous activations. Finally, some numerical examples show the applicability and effectiveness of our main results.
Examining the aggregation behavior of polymer grafted nanoparticles using molecular simulation and theory
Authors: Haley Jessica D. , Iacovella Christopher R. , Cummings Peter T. , McCabe Clare
Published: August 2015

Grafting polymers to nanoparticles is one approach used to control and enhance the structure and properties of nanomaterials. However, predicting the aggregation behavior of tethered nanoparticles (TNPs) is a somewhat trial and error process as a result of the large number of possible polymer tethers, nanoparticles, and solvent species that can be studied. With the main goal of understanding how to control the dispersion and aggregation of TNP systems, molecular simulations and the hetero-statistical associating fluid theory for potentials of variable range have been used to calculate the fluid phase equilibrium of TNPs in both vacuum and in simple solvents under a wide range of conditions. The role of graft length, graft density, and solvent interactions is examined and trends established. Additionally, the fluid distribution ratio (k value) is used to study the solubility of TNPs in industrially relevant solvents including carbon dioxide, nitrogen, propane, and ethylene.
Attribution of the 3.45 eV GaN nanowires luminescence to inversion domain boundaries
Authors: Auzelle Thomas , Haas Benedikt , Den Hertog Martien , Rouvière Jean-Luc , Daudin Bruno , Gayral Bruno
Published: August 2015

Using correlated experiments on single nanowires (NWs) by microphotoluminescence (μ-PL) and high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, we attribute the 3.45 eV luminescence of GaN NWs grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) to the presence of prismatic inversion domain boundaries (pIDBs). This attribution is further strengthened by a recent publication demonstrating the observation of pIDBs in PA-MBE grown GaN NWs. A statistical study of the presence of 3.45 eV lines in NWs PL spectra allows to estimate the ratio of single NWs nucleating with a pIDB to be 50% in the sample under scrutiny.
Temperature dependence of pump coupling in two-plasmon decay instability of an electromagnetic wave in homogeneous fluid plasmas
Authors: Cho Guan Sik , Lee Jewon , Jeon Minhyon , Tsui Ying Y.
Published: August 2015

We have re-examined the pump-coupling term of the growth rate, in the fluid-Maxwell theory for the weak-damping limit of the two-plasmon decay instability of an electromagnetic wave (pump) in a homogeneous plasma. We found that the maximum pump coupling is obtained as (k0v0/4)(2TL/T−1) for electron temperatures T exceeding TL[≡(2/9)(1−4n/nc)(mc2)]. The well-known result for the pump coupling as k0v0/4 is only valid for TTL and by a hyperbola for T<TL. Thus, the pump coupling is reduced by electron heating and vanishes at the temperature equal to 2TL. The temperature-dependent pump coupling can occur even for a relatively cold plasma because the boundary temperature TL can be small if the electron density n is sufficiently close to the quarter critical (nc/4). Here, k0 is the pump wavenumber, v0 is the velocity amplitude of an electron oscillating under the pump electric field, nc(≡ω02m/4πe2) is the critical density, m is the electron particle mass, c is the speed of light in free space, ω0 is the pump angular frequency, and e is the electron particle charge.
Dual-mode resonant instabilities of the surface dust-acoustic wave in a Lorentzian plasma slab
Authors: Lee Myoung-Jae , Jung Young-Dae
Published: August 2015

The dual-mode resonant instabilities of the dust-acoustic surface wave propagating at the plasma-vacuum interfaces of the generalized Lorentzian dusty plasma slab are kinetically investigated. The dispersion relation is derived for the two propagation modes: symmetric and anti-symmetric waves. We have found that the temporal growth rate of the resonant instability increases with an increase of the slab thickness for both modes. Especially, the nonthermality of plasmas enhances the growth rate of the anti-symmetric resonant wave, and the nonthermal effect is enhanced as the slab thickness is increased. It is also found that the growth rate increases with increasing angular frequency of the rotating dust grain due to the enhanced resonant energy exchange.
Note: Effective measurement of retained Ic in evaluating electromechanical properties of high temperature superconductor tapes by the voltage tap clipping technique
Authors: Dedicatoria Marlon J. , Bautista Zhierwinjay , Shin Hyung-Seop , Sim Kideok
Published: August 2015

In this note, the effectiveness of voltage tap clipping technique was assessed in evaluating the electromechanical properties of high temperature superconductor (HTS) tapes in the aspect of practical device applications. In the four-probe transport Ic measurement, instead of directly soldering the voltage lead wires onto the HTS samples, they were tapped to the sample by either just clipping or soldering them to the clips. This technique facilitated the simultaneous and repeated retained Ic measurement test for multiple samples. Finally, the critical double bending diameter of HTS tapes and the electrical properties of jointed and striated coated conductor tapes could be easily determined.
Photocurrent spectroscopy of exciton and free particle optical transitions in suspended carbon nanotube pn-junctions
Authors: Chang Shun-Wen , Theiss Jesse , Hazra Jubin , Aykol Mehmet , Kapadia Rehan , Cronin Stephen B.
Published: August 2015

We study photocurrent generation in individual, suspended carbon nanotube pn-junction diodes formed by electrostatic doping using two gate electrodes. Photocurrent spectra collected under various electrostatic doping concentrations reveal distinctive behaviors for free particle optical transitions and excitonic transitions. In particular, the photocurrent generated by excitonic transitions exhibits a strong gate doping dependence, while that of the free particle transitions is gate independent. Here, the built-in potential of the pn-junction is required to separate the strongly bound electron-hole pairs of the excitons, while free particle excitations do not require this field-assisted charge separation. We observe a sharp, well defined E11 free particle interband transition in contrast with previous photocurrent studies. Several steps are taken to ensure that the active charge separating region of these pn-junctions is suspended off the substrate in a suspended region that is substantially longer than the exciton diffusion length and, therefore, the photocurrent does not originate from a Schottky junction. We present a detailed model of the built-in fields in these pn-junctions, which, together with phonon-assistant exciton dissociation, predicts photocurrents on the same order of those observed experimentally.
Paired-pulse facilitation achieved in protonic/electronic hybrid indium gallium zinc oxide synaptic transistors
Authors: Guo Li Qiang , Zhu Li Qiang , Ding Jian Ning , Huang Yu Kai
Published: August 2015

Neuromorphic devices with paired pulse facilitation emulating that of biological synapses are the key to develop artificial neural networks. Here, phosphorus-doped nanogranular SiO2 electrolyte is used as gate dielectric for protonic/electronic hybrid indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) synaptic transistor. In such synaptic transistors, protons within the SiO2 electrolyte are deemed as neurotransmitters of biological synapses. Paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) behaviors for the analogous information were mimicked. The temperature dependent PPF behaviors were also investigated systematically. The results indicate that the protonic/electronic hybrid IGZO synaptic transistors would be promising candidates for inorganic synapses in artificial neural network applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Tin Oxide-Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets for Ultrasensitive Detection of Guaiacol in Red Wines
Authors: Gan Tian , Shi Zhaoxia , Wang Kaili , Sun Junyong , Lv Zhen , Liu Yanming
Published: August 2015

This work describes for the first time the use of mesoporous tin oxide-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (SnO2-rGO) as electrode modifier in combination with differential pulse voltammetry techniques for preconcentration and detection of guaiacol in red wine samples. SnO2-rGO was prepared through in situ growth of SnO2 particles on the rGO surface using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the structure-directing agent. Using the best set of experimental conditions, a linear response for guaiacol in the concentration range of 0.05 to 60 μM with a limit of detection of 7.2 nM (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) was obtained. Finally, the method was successfully applied to determine guaiacol in red wine samples, and the contents closely corresponded to those obtained by the reported chromatographic method.
Characterisation of microplastics and toxic chemicals extracted from microplastic samples from the North Pacific Gyre
Authors: Rios Mendoza Lorena M. , Jones Patrick R.
Published: August 2015

Environmental context
Microplastics are a new source of toxic compounds in marine and freshwater environments. This research documents the discovery of microplastic fibres in the seawater column and the chemical analysis of associated toxic chemicals in microplastic marine debris. Microplastic pollution is pervasive and hazardous.

Abstract
Initial studies of floating plastic debris in the oceans dealt with macroscopic particles. This research found microscale plastic present as well. Chemical analysis of sorbed materials revealed toxic materials associated with the microparticles. Seawater and plastic fragment samples were collected in September 2007 in the North Pacific Central Gyre. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected by mass spectrometry in extracts from the plastic fragments. Net concentrations of PCBs ranged from 1 to 223ngg–1 plastic. The most common synthetic polymers were found to be polypropylene and polyethylene. Microscopic plastic fibres and particles were also discovered in the seawater samples and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of filtered seawater samples also revealed toxic materials in concentrations lower than found on the plastic particles.
The search engine manipulation effect (SEME) and its possible impact on the outcomes of elections
Authors: Epstein Robert , Robertson Ronald E.
Published: August 2015

Significance

We present evidence from five experiments in two countries suggesting the power and robustness of the search engine manipulation effect (SEME). Specifically, we show that (
i
) biased search rankings can shift the voting preferences of undecided voters by 20% or more, (
ii
) the shift can be much higher in some demographic groups, and (
iii
) such rankings can be masked so that people show no awareness of the manipulation. Knowing the proportion of undecided voters in a population who have Internet access, along with the proportion of those voters who can be influenced using SEME, allows one to calculate the win margin below which SEME might be able to determine an election outcome.