bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE CONCEPT OF JATARAGNI
Authors: K Akshatha , S Nagaraj , K.V Ravi , M Arun Kumar
Published: December 2021

Proper functions of Agni (fire) in the body signify good health of the individual while an abnormal state leads to manifestations of diseases. The word Jatara means Udara (abdomen) and the Agni located in Jatara is Jataragni (digestive fire) and its Pramana (quantity) differs in each organism. There are various anatomical structures relat- ed to Jataragni that contribute towards its normal functioning. The physiological process of digestion and metab- olism including biophysical and biochemical changes in the ingested food is carried out by the influence of Jata- ragni. It also influences the status of Dosha, Dhatu and Mala in the body. The objective of this study is to know the anatomical and physiological aspects of Jataragni to understand the pathological states in the body.
Keywords: Agni; Jataragni; Koshtanga; Grahani.
REVIEW OF PUNNARNAVA GUGGULU IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AMAVATA - RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS w.s.r. BHAISHAJYA RATHNAVALI
Authors: K S Swathi , K Veerakumara
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common variety of inflammatory arthritis. The annual inci- dence of RA worldwide is approximately estimated to be 3 cases per 10,000 populations. Based on the similar signs and symptoms RA can be compared with Amavata. It is not described in Brihatrayi as a separate disease the first detailed description was given by Acharya Madhavakar. The available contemporary treatment modalities are not satisfactory therefore Ayurvedic medicines are needed of the hour. Bhaishajya Rathnavali has been men- tioned Punnarnava Guggulu in the management of Amavata. Aim: To critically study the mode of action of Pun- narnava Guggulu in the management of Amavata w.s.r. Bhaishajya Rathnavali. Methods: For this study Ayurve- da Samhita-Madhava Nidana, Authentic publications and modern literature have been reviewed. Conclusion: The Punnarnava Guggulu is Shothahara, Vedanasthapaka, Vatahara, Agnivardhaka and Amapachaka. So, it is concluded that Punnarnava Guggulu can be used as an effective medicine for Amavata.
Keywords: Punnarnava Guggulu, Amavata, Rheumatoid arthritis
AN INSIGHT INTO SICK BUILDING SYNDROME THROUGH AYURVEDA – A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Narayanan Anagha , Shetty Susheel
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the causes, consequences, and solutions for sick building syndrome (SBS). The approach taken is to evaluate and analyse the causes and symptoms of SBS from various literature and to give it a possible Ayurvedic correlation. The review’s findings reveal the effects of SBS in terms of the variety of medical symptoms experienced, personnel or human resource concerns, and economic impacts. The benefit of the paper is that it provides a comprehensive understanding of SBS from both modern and Ayurvedic perspectives by providing full information on its causation, preventive strategies, and symptomatic management using Ayurvedic principles.
Keywords: Sick building syndrome, consequences, medical symptoms, ayurvedic principles
EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN KESHA VIKARA (HAIR RELATED DISORDERS): A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Markhap Verity , Basumatary Khagen , Ali Karab
Published: December 2021

Trichology is the study of hair and scalp, the Ayurvedic classics presents many such contexts which can contribute to understanding the concept of trichology in Ayurveda. Hair related disorders are one of the challenging diseases in today’s world, where every person is conscious about their outer physical appearance, hair being one of most of the most important features. Nowadays, Stress has been one of the leading roles in causing diseases, many studies depict the relation of stress and hair related disorders also. Understanding and analyzing the various concept of trichology in Ayurveda, correlating with the other established studies would aid in a proper understanding of the role of a psychological factor in the causation of Kesha Vikara (Hair related disorder).
Keywords: Ayurveda, trichology, psychological factors, hair related disorder.
A CASE OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA - MANAGEMENT THROUGH AYURVEDA
Authors: G. B Deepthi. , N.V Gayathri Bhat.
Published: December 2021

Introduction – Cervical cancer is the 2nd most leading prevalent cancer in India. There are an estimated 123,000 new cases of cervical cancer in India every year with 67,000 deaths in women alone. Cervical cancer in Recent studies shows that screening of cervical cancer reduces the disease incidence and disease mortality by 50%. Low- grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) is a common abnormal result on a Pap smear cervical test. It’s also known as mild dysplasia. Methodology – Here is a case report of a patient aged 26yrs with complaints of white discharge per vagina with severe itching, on routine cervical screening investigations found to have Low grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasms. She was treated with Ayurvedic sthanika chikitsa (Local therapies) such as Yoni prakshalana (Vaginal douching), and Yoni pichu (Vaginal tamponing) for 7 days along with shaman chikitsa. Later PAP smear was repeated after 1 month of follow up and found to have negative for intraepithelial neoplasia. And there was relief in the symptoms following treatment. Results- In this case, there was a relief of symptoms and on follow up when Pap smear was repeated, there was negative for intraepithelial neoplasia. Ayurvedic treatment modalities such as Sthanika chikitsa which includes yoni prakshalana and Yoni Pichu are the line of treatment for various gynecological problems and help in reducing mortality and morbidity caused due to cervical cancer in India.
Discussion- Here Low-grade squamous Intraepithelial neoplasia can be considered as the Sanchaya avastha and hence diagnosing the disease in its Sanchaya avastha i.e mild dysplasia, is important. During Sanchaya avastha there is localized neoplastic changes of cervical cells and there is Manifestation of Low-grade Intraepithelial Neo- plasia. In the later stages of Kriyakala (Stages of disease manifestation) the neoplasia turns into metastasis and further differentiation occurs which Manifests all the symptoms of Cervical Cancer. Hence treatment modalities such as Yoni prakshalana and yoni pichu helps in preventing later conditions such as cervical cancer.
Keywords: Cervical Cancer, LSIL, Ayurveda, Sanchaya
EFFECT OF MURCHHIT TILA TAILA UTTARBASTI IN MANAGEMENT OF URETHRAL STRICTURE - A CASE STUDY
Authors: Kini Vineet , S.D. Waghmare , Wakudkar Shrikant
Published: December 2021

In Geriatric patients, urological problems like dribbling micturition, burning micturition, dysuria etc. are commonly seen due to Urethral Stricture, BPH, Chronic urinary tract infection, Urinary Incontinence, Over-active bladder etc. In this study, we will discuss the effect of the Ayurvedic Panchkarma Procedure i.e., Uttarbasti in Urethral Stricture. Urethral Stricture involves scarring that narrows the tube that carries urine out of the body mostly due to STD’s, Catheterisation, straddle injury to the perineum. Newer Surgical Techniques like Urethral Dilatation, DVIU, Ure- throplasty etc are used but they are painful, expensive & has recurrences. In Ayurvedic literature, Mutra mar- gasankoch and Mutrotsanga are an entity that can be closely related to urethral stricture which is described by Acharya Sushruta in Uttartantra. In this case study, a 45-year-old male patient suffering from LUTS Came to Shalya OPD undergone repeated urethral dilatations but was unrelieved. So, after clinical evaluation & Investiga- tions, the case was diagnosed as Urethral Stricture & treated with Uttarbasti. In this case study, Murchhit Tila Taila for the Uttarbasti procedure was used. After the Procedure results were evaluated & the results are satisfying.

Keywords: Uttarbasti, Murchhit Tila Taila, Urethral Stricture
EFFECT OF KUNJAL KRIYA AND AGASTYA HARITKI RASAYANA IN TAMAKA SHWASA W.S.R BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Sharma Neerja R. , Kumar Hemant
Published: December 2021

Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial asthma) is one of the stressful medical conditions of today's era and is well known for its episodic and chronic course which affects the whole human race. Tamaka shwasa is a disease in which the pa- tient experiences severe symptoms of respiratory distress with extreme weakness, fatigue and mental glooming. Tamaka Shwasa can be correlated with the disease Bronchial Asthma based on its features & etiopathogenesis. Here the sincere effort has been made using Kunjal kriya a shodhana chikitsa and Agastya Haritaki as Rasayana. Rasayana plays an important role in the rejuvenation of body tissues and providing strength to patients. A male patient of Age 40 years with a history of Tamaka shwasa from last 5 years. The Patient has all classical symptoms like Shwasakashtata, Kasa, Kaphashteevan, Aruchi, Parshvashula, Asino Labhate Saukhyam, Ghurghuraka comes at O.P.D of Govt. Ayurvedic Hospital Model Gram Ludhiana, On Auscultation of chest wheezing present bilater- ally in lungs. The patient was using short-acting Bronchodilator puffs almost 3-4 puffs in a day. So, this case of Tamaka shwasa is treated with Kunjal Kriya a Yogic Shodhana Karma once a week followed by Rasayana for four weeks. All this was done after examination of Bala of the Patient. In this case, it was observed patient got good relief in all cardinal symptoms of Tamaka shwasa.
Keywords: Rasayana, Kunjal Kriya, Tamaka Shwasa
ANATOMY DESCRIBED IN AYURVEDA AND MODERN SCIENCE: A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Malhotra Ishan , Sakshi Sakshi , Manohar Jannu
Published: December 2021

Anatomy is broadly appreciated as being one of the cornerstones of medical education. If we go through the his- tory of human anatomy, it seems that the anatomy of modern times is well recognized from the days of the re- naissance that is from the 15th century. Medical Science was one area where surprising advances had been made in ancient times in India. Specifically, these advances were in the areas of human dissection, embryology, plastic surgery, extraction of cataracts, description of Asthi, Sandhi, Peshi, Snayu, Marma And Pramana Sharira etc. These do not just claim. There is documentary evidence to prove the existence of these practices. Acharya Sushruta has paid great should start his surgical carrier unless he is well aware of human anatomy. Acharya Charaka also studied the anatomy of the human body and various organs. He also described the number of mus- cles joints etc., in the human body. The object of the present study is to trace out the most significant and valua- ble hidden treasures of anatomy practised in the past by Acharya and its review in Modern science.
Keywords: Asthi, Sandhi, Plastic surgery, Snayu Marma
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF KITIBH KUSHTHA (SCALP PSORIASIS) – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pandit Sanika R. , Kolarkar Rajesh
Published: December 2021

People suffering from Autoimmune diseases is increasing day by day. The exact cause of the autoimmune disease is still unknown. Psoriasis is one such disease. Dry thick raised itchy patches on the skin are the sign of psoriasis. They are covered with silvery-white scales. It is triggered by infection stress and cold. There is no known cure but with proper management, serious flares can be avoided. It generally affects the scalp, sole, palm, elbows and knees. Such diseases can be effectively managed by Ayurveda. Ayurveda defines the major- ity of skin diseases under the category of Kushtha. Clinically we can compare scalp psoriasis to Kitibha Kush- tha mentioned in the granthas. In the present study, a 53-year-old male patient was treated for scalp psoriasis. He presented himself with itching, dry scales, flake formation and whitish-pink patches on the scalp. He was treated with Arogyavardhini, Sukshma Triphala, Panchatikta Ghrut, Jatamansi choorna internally and Karan- ja Tel for local application. The treatment was given for seven months. The case report is presented here to share effective management of scalp psoriasis by Ayurveda.
Keywords: Psoriasis, Kitibha Kushtha, autoimmune diseases, Arogyavardhini, Ayurveda.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF SHITPITTA W.S.R. TO URTICARIA- A CASE REPORT
Authors: Ashwini Shere , Meenakshi Rewadkar-Kole
Published: December 2021

Urticaria is an allergic reaction of the skin to a variety of exogenous and endogenous antigens. It is a common disease nowadays, characterized by pale red rashes and severe itching caused by an allergic reaction. Vascular dilatation, the resultant dermal oedema and pruritis are due to the releases of histamine and other mediators from mast cells. Ayurvedic classics mentioned this similar condition as shitpitta, among twakroga which is vaatpradhan tridosha in nature. Symptoms mentioned by aacharyas are shotha, toda, kandu and daha. Even after the availability of newer medicine, there is a lack of promising results against this ailment. Moreover, the use of drugs like antihistamines and corticosteroids lead to various side effects. The study aims to evaluate the effect of ayurvedic treatment in the management of shitpitta with special reference to urticaria. This study deals with a case of chronic urticaria, where a male patient was given an ayurvedic therapy which included shodhan-shamanaushadi and sthanik treatment on an OPD basis for 3 months. Criteria’s like shotha, toda, kandu and daha were assessed before and after the treatment & significant result was found. The conclusion was drawn that given ayurvedic therapy was found to be significantly effective in the management of urticaria.
Keywords: Shitpitta, Twakroga, Urticaria, Shodhan, Shamana
ROLE OF VIRECHANA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INDRALUPTA - A SINGLE CASE REPORT
Authors: Menon Harikrishnan. N. , Pasha Syed Munawar
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Indralupta is a type of Kapalagata Roga, it occurs when Pitta along with Vata affecting the hair follicles to become thin and fall, later on, due to vitiation of Kapha and Rakta it blocks the regrowth of hairs. It can be correlated to Alopecia. Alopecia areata is one of its types and it is also known as spot baldness. It may be regarded as immune-mediated hair loss and it is the commonest cause of patchy hair loss.
Materials and methods: A 20-year-old female patient approached Shalakya Tantra OPD of SJIIM, Bengaluru complaining of patchy hair loss in the parietal region for 6 months, the subject was systemically reviewed and diagnosed as alopecia areata, were administered with Snehapana, Virechana, internal medication and lepa for 2 months. Result: The subject showed marked improvement in assessment criteria’s as we can see in the photo- graphs taken in the different stages of the treatment.
Discussion: Usually Indralupta is treated with more bahya Prayogas like prachanna, here in this study we have concentrated more on the root cause of the disease and treating the underlying cause by Internal medications, thus we got a positive result for the same.
Keywords: Alopecia areata, Indralupta, Virechana, Ayurveda.
EFFECT OF VASAGUDUCHCHADI KASAYAM IN A CASE OF HYPERLIPIDAEMIA - A CASE STUDY
Authors: Majumdar Durbadal , Bhattacharya Phalguni , Kundu Suman
Published: December 2021

Vasa-Guduchchadi Kasayam is a widely used drug in Ayurveda. As per Ayurvedic literature 'Sahasrayoga', Vasa- guduchchadi Kasayam is a water decoction or water extract of a group of herbs, namely Vasaka, Guduchi, Triphala, Kutaki, Bhunimba, Nimba. It is mainly indicated in Pittaja Pandu. In this study, a lipid-lowering activi- ty of Vasa-guduchchadi Kasayam has been found in a case of hyperlipidaemia. Vasa-Guduchchadi Kasayam was prescribed as sole medication in that case not as co-therapy with any other conventional drug.
Keywords: Vasaguduchchadi Kasayam, Hyperlipidaemia
Uygurca yėl ig Üzerine
Authors: ÇETİN Engin
Published: December 2021

Toplumlar geçmişte günümüze oranla daha benzer şartlar altında olayları, durumları benzer şekilde yorumlamış; kültürlerini, medeniyetlerini inşa ederken insanı etkileyen ve hatta aşan unsurları bilge bakışları ve yorumlarıyla benzer şekilde adlandırmıştır. Canlıları oluşturduğu düşünülen unsurlar, bu unsurların dengesizliğinin bedenlerde sebep olduğu hastalıklar Batı’dan Doğu’ya benzerlik gösterir. Bu unsurlardan biri rüzgârdır (Skr. vāta, Çin. 風feng, Uyg. yėl / yėėl). Rüzgâr eski Hint felsefesinde ve tıp anlayışında canlıları oluşturan ve bedendeki dengesizliği hâlinde maddi ve manevi yanıyla birçok hastalığa sebep olan unsur olarak görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada Uygurca metinlerde hastalık adı olarak yėl ig / yėėl ig, yėl agrıg / yėėl agrıg şeklinde geçen ifadenin anlam özellikleri incelenmiş, İslam kültür çevresinden etkilerle şekillenen Türk topluluklarının dillerinde de rüzgâr unsurunun sebep olduğu çeşitli hastalıkların tarihî metinlerdekilerle benzerlik gösterdiği üzerinde durulmuştur. Çinceden çevrilen metinlerde Çince 風病 feng bing sözlerinin Uygurcaya bire bir çevrildiği görülmektedir. Söz konusu ibarenin bu şekilde çevrilmesinin sebebi diğer dillerde olduğu gibi Türkçede de “yėl”in sebep olduğu hastalıkların / rahatsızlıkların geçmişte doğal olarak yėl sözcüğüyle adlandırılmış olmasıdır. Geçmişten günümüze ise tıp alanındaki gelişmeler, yabancı dillerin etkisi ve örtmece gibi sebeplerle yeni hastalık adlarının ortaya çıkışına paralel olarak Uygurca metin yayınlarında, sözlüklerde ve araştırma eserlerinde metinlerin günümüze aktarılması esnasında da bu ve benzeri ibarelerin bire bir çeviriyle anlamlandırılmasının günümüz okuyucusu için yeterince açıklayıcı olmayacağı ve ibarenin metin bağlamı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda farklı şekillerde anlamlandırılmasının daha uygun olacağı düşünülmekte, sözcük tanımlamalarının sözcüğün bir yönüne değil, bütün yönlerine temas etmesi gerektiği ifade edilmektedir.
A Note on the terminology of painting in Old Uyghur
Authors: WİLKENS Jens
Published: December 2021

Uyghur murals and miniatures are among the most frequently reproduced works of art in academic and popular books on the ‘Silk Road’. However, written Old Uyghur sources about the process of painting are rare. In a text edited by Peter Zieme in 2017 and reprinted in a collection of his articles issued in 2020 the work of a skilled painter is described in a series of metaphors. The Old Uyghur manuscript found at Dunhuang preserves some Chinese technical terms in the form of loanwords. The article aims to elucidate the etymology of a hitherto unexplained verb and suggests the interpretation that the Uyghurs were familiar with the technique of pounces to sketch the outlines of a painting.
Eski Uygurca İyi ve Kötü Prens Öyküsü’nde Kahramanın Yolculuğu
Authors: TOKYÜREK Hacer
Published: December 2021

İnsanın en büyük amacı tanrıyı ya da belki kendini bulmaktır. Tanrıyı ya da kendini bulan kişi ebedi sükûnete ve özgürlüğe kavuşmuş olacaktır. Bu yüzden mitolojilerde/edebî metinlerde ‘seçilmiş kahraman’, ‘büyülü nesne’yi bulmak için bir yolculuğa çıkar. Elbette ki bu arayış ve yolculuk kahraman için engellerle ve tehlikelerle dolu bir yolculuktur. Kişinin kendiyle hesaplaştığı, kendini dinlediği, hatta kendini öldürüp yepyeni bir tanrısal insan yarattığı bu yolculuğun sonunda kahraman ebedi mutluluğu elde edecektir. Kahraman artık benliğini öldürmüş, tüm duygularından ve arzularından kurtulmuştur. Sonuç: nihai kurtuluş. Eski Uygur Türkçesiyle yazılmış anlatıların pek çoğunda kahraman ve kahramanın yolculuğunu görmek mümkündür. Bu metinlerde yer alan kahramanların yolculuğunu takip etmek bu anlatıların daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayacağı gibi metinlerin semantik örgüsünü ortaya çıkarmak açısından da yardımcı olacaktır. Bu düşünceden hareketle Eski Uygur Türkçesinin önemli metinlerinden biri olan İyi ve Kötü Prens Öyküsü’ndeki ana kahramanın yolculuğu ele alınmış ve bu yolculuk Joseph Campbell’in Kahramanın Sonsuz Yolculuğu adlı çalışmasına uyarlanarak tahlil edilmiştir.
Tarihî Türk Lehçelerinden Kazakçaya Bitki Adları
Authors: OBA Emin
Published: December 2021

Bir dilin söz varlığını oluşturan kelime kadrosu, o dilin geçmişten getirdiği kültürel birikiminin sonucunda oluşur. Kıpçak grubu Türk lehçeleri içerisinde yer alan Kazakça, söz varlığı açısından oldukça zengindir. Kazakçanın söz varlığında Türkçe kökenli sözcükler ve bu sözcüklerin türemiş şekilleri önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Eski Türkçeden itibaren Türkçenin diğer Tarihî dönemlerinin tümünü kapsayacak şekilde sözcük hazineleri taranarak bitki adı olarak kullanılan sözcükler tespit edilmiş ve sözcüklerin bugünkü Kazakçanın söz varlığına nasıl yansıdığı araştırılmıştır. Her sözcüğün; hangi kaynakta, hangi tarihî dönemde ve hangi anlamda geçtiği ayrıntılı bir şekilde verilmiştir.
Updating Subsurface Image of Khashim Al-Ahmer Gas Field Using the Interpretation for Anisotropic Velocity Model North-Eastern Iraq
Authors: Shyaa Yasir , Al-Rahim Ali
Published: December 2021

This research deals with structural interpretation of Khashim Al-Ahmer Gas Field North-Eastern Iraq in Diyala Province, using the interpretation of inhomogeneous velocity data. The specific target in this field is the gaseous Jeribe reservoir representing the L. Miocene-Tertiary period. A very thick layer of evaporates Al-Fatha Formation is overlap the Jeribe Formation in the gas field and play as a sealed bed and transition zone for faults movement as a thrust fault. The thrust fault with gas content negatively affected the seismic energy, causing a high attenuation below the level of Al-Fatha Formation in the dome of the Khashm Al-Ahmer structure. Using the interval velocities derived from the sonic logs of five surrounding wells that represent the inhomogeneous behavior of the seismic wave velocity within the rock layers, a model of the velocity behavior in the field was built and the extent of the Jeribe gas reservoir was reconstructed according to the new velocities interpretation data.
Shakrook Anticline, a Very Complicated Structural Form, North Iraq, Kurdistan Region
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan , Ghafur Ala , Abdulhaq Hawkar , Omer Hassan
Published: December 2021

The Shakrook anticline has very a complicated structural form, this is attributed to three thrust faults, and the presence of four anticlinal axes with the main anticlinal body. The most northwest existing anticline is called in the current study the Sisawa anticline, the main two anticlines are called the Shakrook East and Shakrook West, whereas the fourth one is called the Biluk anticline it is developed along the southwestern limb of the Shakrook East anticline. The exposed rocks in the Shakrook anticline range from Upper Jurassic to the Paleogene age. The bulk of the main Shakrook anticline is formed by the Bekhme Formation (Upper Cretaceous age), whereas the bulk of the Sisawa anticline is formed of the Shiranish Formation (Upper Cretaceous age) with Paleogene and Neogene aged rocks. Geological maps and high-quality satellite images were used to elucidate the complex structural form of the Shakrook anticline. The updated geological map is quite different from those existing geological maps. A field investigation was carried out to check the interpreted data and to implement photography to the interested structural and geomorphological forms. Different geomorphological forms also were interpreted; they all refer to the lateral growth of the Shakrook anticline.
Facies Analysis and Paleoenvironmental Assessment of the Upper Campanian Hartha Formation in Y and J Fields Northwestern Zagros Basin, Iraq
Authors: Nooralddin Amel , Nasser Medhat , Al-hadidy Aboosh
Published: December 2021

The Upper Campanian Hartha Formation represents potential Cretaceous hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir rocks across the Y and J oilfields northwestern Zagros Basin, northern Iraq. The study objective is depositional environment which affects reservoir properties by tool, lithofacies, core, thin section, and logs, using petrel (V.2016) and strat software, facies distribution, grains, and diagenetic processes control and enhance reservoir properties which can plan platform production and minimize risks in choosing production wells location at two fields scale The current study is concerned with lithofacies and microfacies of the Hartha Formation within two fields in northern Iraq. Several subsurface well-log data, core, and cutting samples have been used in order to prepare thin sections that were subjected to sedimentological (lithofacies, and grain-size) examination. The petrography investigation revealed five rock-units including Hr. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the thickness of 89 m in the Y-A field and increasing to up to 140 m in the J-B field might be due to erosion or tectonic uplift of the topography in Y subbasin. Which is locally sub-basin within study fields western banks of Tigris river as gentle slope ramp depositional condition with Spectrum microfacies from lime-mudstone to packstone texture with rudest and benthic debris enhances by diagenesis, dolomitization, dissolution moldic porosity, fracture; dolostone is more effective in the upper section of the formation in A than B Wells. Many factors, such as cementation, compaction, and pore-filling autogenic minerals, decrease reservoir quality, and their effects are similar in wells A and B.
Geo-Engineering Study of Selected Soils for Cement Industry in Al-Kifil District, Babylon, Central Iraq
Authors: Kalaf Muhsen , Hussien Mohammed , Issa Bilal
Published: December 2021

The research was conducted on nine pits for selected soils in Babylon, in the Al-Kifl region in particular. It aims to find the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of the studied soil and its suitability in the cement industry. Nine samples of different depths were taken with a simple description of the soil in the fieldwork stage. As for the stage of laboratory tests, it included testing the grain size distribution to find the percentage of sand, silt, and clay, and Atterberg limits to find plasticity. It was found through these tests that the soil is silty clay and has low plasticity except for samples no. 5, and 6, which were clayey soil with low plasticity. The relationship between physical properties depends on the property of the grain size distribution, as it is the function of the rest of the properties. Chemical tests of the samples and comparing the ratios of their oxides with the standard specifications of the Kufa plant laboratory turned out to be suitable for the manufacture of ordinary Portland cement, as the study area is considered a good quarry for the clays used in such industries.
PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRMENİN DUYGUSAL BAĞLILIĞA ETKİSİNDE ÜCRET TATMİNİNİN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ
Authors: KAYNAK İnan
Published: December 2021

Psikolojik güçlendirme çalışanların algılarıyla ilgili bir durumdur ve iş görenlerdeki güçsüzlük inancının ortadan kaldırılması veya öz yeterlilik algılarının arttırılması çabasını ifade etmektedir. Örgütler açısından güçlendirme kadar önemli olan diğer bir kavram da bağlılıktır. Bağlılığın farklı boyutları olmasına rağmen, örgütler açısından duygusal bağlılığın daha önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışanlar için önem arz eden konulardan biri de ücrettir ve ücret tatmini çalışanı birçok yönden etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikolojik güçlendirme ile duygusal bağlılık arasındaki etkiyi ücret tatmininin düzenleyici rolü üzerinden araştırmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında 253 özel sektör sağlık çalışanından anket tekniği ile veri toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde korelasyon analizi ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Değişkenlerin etkilerinin tespitine dönük olarak yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analizi sonucunda psikolojik güçlendirmenin duygusal bağlılığı yordadığı ve bu etkileşimde ücret tatmininin düzenleyici rol oynadığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEENAM ASPEK PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI MEMAKAI MEDIA BALOK DI RA LUKMAN AL HAKIM LIDAH WETAN LAKARSANTRI SURABAYA
Authors: Lailatul Mufridah Galuh , Mufarochah Siti
Published: December 2021

Peran guru untuk mengembangkan keenam aspek perkembangan sangat penting. Guru dapat mengembangkan keenam aspek perkembangan dengan berbagai media dan guru juga harus memiliki gagasan  baru agar anak dapat mengembangkan keenam aspek perkembangan. Media balok merupakan salah satu solusi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan yang dimiliki anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Bedasarkan hasil observasi kemampuan pemahaman pada anak ditandai dengan anak yang dapat memahami intruksi menata balok oleh gurunya. Kemampuan agama dan moral ditandai dengan anak melakukan doa sebelum dan setelah bermain balok. Aspek fisik motorik dilihat dari anak dapat mengerakkan jari tangan untuk menata balok, sedangkan untuk aspek sosial emosional dideteksi dari anak yang mau berbagi, mengantri dan meminjamkan permainan balok yang didepannya. Aspek bahasa anak dapat dilakukan dengan meminta anak bercerita tantang balok yang dimiliki dan yang terakhir adalah aspek seni yang bisa dinilai dari pola anak memberi warna dan menata balok yang ada.
Não deixar viver a feiticeira
Authors: Da Silva Pacheco Thiago
Published: December 2021

Pretendemos analisar a condenação às feiticeiras de Ex 22,17, buscando as origens históricas da norma no Israel Antigo e delineando os grupos sociais para a qual se destinava. Tal procedimento se dará por meio de uma análise crítica do Direito, considerando-o como o produto histórico dos indivíduos e grupos que detém o poder da força e do convencimento, capazes, por esta razão, de criminalizar categorias sociais a partir de seu projeto político, social e religioso. Neste sentido, a norma de Ex 22,17 é analisada comparativamente às normas mesopotâmicas de condenação à feitiçaria. O termo “feiticeira”, é verificado a partir de sua raiz e reincidência em outros trechos do Primeiro Testamento, relacionando-se sempre a práticas estrangeiras em contraposição ao que seria uma religião israelita original, e também relacionando-se a impureza sexual e prostituição. Tal perspectiva extrapolará as Escrituras, e será encontrada na literatura rabínica e nas interpretações judaicas quanto ao status de feiticeira, passível de ser atribuído às mulheres.
nova edição crítica da Bíblia Hebraica
Authors: Dias da Silva Cássio Murilo
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem como finalidade apresentar o novo fascículo da obra multivolume Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ), sucessora da Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS). Antes de apresentar o projeto editorial da BHQ (ainda incompleto, com apenas oito fascículos publicados dos vinte e três programados), este artigo explica por que esta nova edição crítica da Bíblia Hebraica é chamada de “Quinta”. Para isso, percorre rapidamente o histórico das edições críticas anteriores (BHK1-2-3 e BHS). Em seguida, faz uma apresentação geral do projeto da BHQ e a compara com a BHS, nos seguintes aspectos: o aparato crítico e o comentário a ele, as massorás e as notas a elas. O aparato crítico, totalmente reformulado, tem novas siglas, utiliza novos manuscritos e, graças às novas tecnologias gráficas, incorpora novos recursos. Uma sessão dedicada a discutir as variantes textuais traz uma síntese do veredito do comitê editorial para cada caso contemplado no aparto crítico. As duas massorás (a magna e a parva) são igualmente discutidas e comentadas em sessões específicas de cada fascículo. Para que o leitor compreenda com mais clareza as mudanças desta nova edição crítica, o artigo toma como exemplo o caso de Lv 1,7: são transcritas e traduzidas algumas porções do fascículo, que deixam claros os avanços na discussão e na avaliação dos manuscritos, bem como a nova diagramação e os novos recursos disponibilizados na BHQ.
Vaksin Covid-19: Perdebatan, Persepsi dan Pilihan
Authors: Octafia Lula Asri
Published: December 2021

The current Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects as well as the welfare of the Indonesian people. Therefore, effective fast steps are needed to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. One way to prevent transmission of this virus is through vaccination efforts. While the existing literature focuses more on State policies, public responses related to the effectiveness and safety of vaccines, as well as hoax news related to vaccines, the related literature on vaccines and the choice of vaccine if any is still very limited, this article fills that gap.
This qualitative research was carried out in Makassar, considering that Makassar is one of the metropolitan cities and many of its people has been vaccinated through Covid-19 vaccination programs. Data was collected using in-depth interview. Informants who participated in this study were people who had and had not carried out the Covid-19 vaccination. With a total of twenty-five people, they vary on the basis of age (between 18 and 29 years), sex (18 women and 7 men), and employment status (ten of them are students, employees, online shop owners, editors, musicians, painters, work odd jobs, and labor).
The results show that the emergence of the Covid-19 vaccine has become the subject of public debate, many agreed and not a few refused to be vaccinated. This debate is due to differences in perceptions regarding the definition of the Covid-19 vaccine and the benefits of the vaccine itself. In terms of what type of vacciness they are used, there are three types of vaccines that are popularly used by our participants in this study, namely Sinovac, Astra Zeneca, and Moderna. Apart from the debate about the level of efficacy of each vaccine, the choice of vaccine is related to the level of efficacy, side effects and availability of the vaccine itself. It is argued in this article that whatever the effect of a particular vaccine, as long as the side effect is balanced by its efficacy, then the effect is not an issue.
Analisis Pendapatan PDRB di Kota Batam Pada Tahun 2017-2020
Authors: Dewi Shinta , Aurellia Angeline , Jeslin Jeslin , Kristina Kristina , Sherry Sherry
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the GRDP in Batam City. The secondary data used is time-series data taken in 2017-2020. This research method uses qualitative analysis, a data collection technique that uses library research by finding and reading references from various sources. The results show that the Indonesian economy has increased from year to year until 2020 where there was a COVID-19 outbreak, henceforth significantly declining the GRDP of Batam from 5.92% to -2.55%. Various sectors experienced a massive downswing in economic growth, one of which was the provision of accommodation and food and beverage with a figure of -45.49%. In conclusion, both the GRDP and APBD experienced a significant decrease in the city of Batam in 2020. As a consideration, the Indonesian government could restore the economy of Batam by empowering qualified human resources, encouraging household consumption, and foreign investment into Batam.
EFL Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Google Meet in Online Learning During the Time of Coronavirus: A Literature Review
Authors: Hastomo Tommy , Zulianti Hajjah
Published: December 2021

During the pandemic, the teaching and learning process is carried out by implementing e- learning or online learning. One of the most common applications that are used in online learning is Google Meet. The researchers focused on EFL students’ perception by looking for significant studies using information and communication technology using Google Meet for students' English learning during the pandemic. The data used in this literature review are published articles in the form of pdf format. Thus, a total of six studies were found relevant to review. The result showed that using Google Meet in online learning during the pandemic is helpful to assist their learning process. However, students still prefer face-to-face learning because online learning tends to get boring and uninteresting. After all, most teachers are incapable of using an online application to provide an engaging, creative, and innovative learning environment.

Keywords: Students’ Perceptions, Google Meet, Online Learning, EFL.
Features and obstacles of creation and integration of knowledge in the field of military sociology
Authors: Hambardzumyan Arevik
Published: December 2021

Military sociology is an important direction among middle-level theories in sociology, as it creates and integrates knowledge about such important areas of social reality as military forces and war, the relationship between society and the army, the causes and effects of war, and so on. But researchers in this area outline difficulties in the creation and integration of military sociological knowledge into the system of fundamental knowledge of sociology. The purpose of this article is to elucidate a discourse about the issue and the cause of the problem.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN RISIKO PERUSAHAAN (Studi empiris pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2018)
Authors: Silitonga Evalina
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aims to examine about factors which are influence corporate risk disclosure in LQ45 enterprise. Independent variables in this study is size, profitability, liquidity, solvability and type of industry. Dependent variable is corporate risk disclosure. The population used here was of LQ45 listed on the Indonesia Exchange Stock period of years 2015-2018. The sample was taken using the method of purposive sampling, and those meeting the selection criteria were also taken. The sample used was of 102 samples from 34 enterprise LQ45 period of 4 years (2015-2018). Risk disclosure in this research use content analysis based on identification of sentences act of risk disclosure in annual report. Research method that used for examining hypothesis is multiple regression analysis. The result of this research showed that size, profitabilit, liquidity, solvability and type of industry are positive related  with corporate risk disclosure. Keywords: risk disclosure, firm characteristics, annual report.
Sharing On Suffering Experiences As The Secularity Of Incarnation
Authors: Firmanto Antonius Denny
Published: December 2021

The changing context of the Christian life brings Christian life at a crossroads, the first whether to remain in a comfort zone or the second whether to enter into the realm of profane daily life. The urge to get out of selfness and deal with the public world makes the Church deal with questions about its own identity. In this article, I want to explore the question of incarnation in Johan Baptist Metz's secularity. However, the concept of incarnation is applied solely to Jesus Christ as the Divine Word became flesh. Ricoeurian hermeneutics could help explain the term secularity on incarnation to immediate. And corporeal suffering of the others. The turn to Ricoeur as a methodological resource for theology provides a philosophical account of the methodology behind critical theology. The article concludes that the human being in their relationship its suffering experience is an experience of encounter.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS IDENTIFICATION AND EATING HABITS OF A REPRESENTATIVE GROUP OF PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Macri Adriana , Manolache Fulvia Ancuța
Published: December 2021

There are special nutritional requirements in pregnancy, in which the intake of nutrients exerts its action both on the woman and the conception product. Therefore, the balance and diversity are the key of a proper nutrition during the pregnancy. Combining food categories is the best way to ensure nutritional balance during pregnancy period. A market research was performed on a representative sample at national level of 120 persons, in order to identify the nutritional status of pregnant women in this group. The market research highlighted the diet structure of the studied group, the categories of foods consumed weekly by the group members, as well as their frequency of consumption. The results of the study indicated a varied diet of pregnant women, but the frequency of consumption should be reviewed for certain food categories, thus: increased for: milk and dairy products, fish, oily fruits; lower, in fatty foods and salt.
A Major Problem for Patients Over 65 Years of Age: Dizziness
Authors: OZDOGRU Derya , BALAL Mehmet , BIÇAKCI Şebnem
Published: December 2021

Aim: Dizziness is a term used to describe the sense of disorientation in space. It is prevalent in public, and its prevalence is known to be 11-32.5%. This rate extends to 60-70% with advanced age. Vertigo, imbalance, presyncope, and nonspecific sensation of dizziness which originate from different mechanisms, fall within this title. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients applying with dizziness aged 65 years and over.Material and Methods: 100 patients over 65 years of age (52 female, 48 male) were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Neurology Department of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine between January 2014 and August 2016 due to dizziness included in the study. Mobility difficulty was accepted as an exclusion criterion. Patients' history, neurological and neurotological examinations, laboratory values, and further examination results were recorded.Results: The patients' mean age was 72.6 years (minimum: 65, maximum: 91). Cases were divided into four groups. In the subgroup analysis, there are 53 patients in the vertigo group (51%), 21 in presyncope (20.2%), 27 in imbalance (26%), and 3 in nonspecific sensation of dizziness (2.8%). Multiple causes were identified in four patients. Conclusion: Dizziness is one of the most common reasons for hospital admission and negatively impacts the quality of life, especially in the geriatric population. Accurate diagnosis and treatment increase patients' quality of life and provide early recognition of central nervous system diseases.
Measuring Quality Determinants of Financial Statements
Authors: Andelina Widya , Santoso Aprih
Published: December 2021

The research aims to study the impact of the role of internal audit, the application of regional accounting systems, and human resource competencies on the quality of financial statements. A sample of 141 employees according to the purposive sampling method and by distributing questionnaires. It turned out that the questionnaire returned was only from 138 employees. Data analyzed through moderate regression analysis (MRA) from the SPSS program. The results of the study stated that the role of internal audit has a negative impact on the quality of financial statements, the application of regional accounting systems and human resource competencies have a positive impact on the quality of financial statements
The Mediating Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Between Entrepreneurship Education, Need For Achievement, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Lubada Fauzan , Kusumojanto Djoko Dwi , Indrawati Aniek
Published: December 2021

Everyone has the same opportunity to succeed by setting up a business. Through entrepreneurial intentions, it is hoped that someone can develop their potential to open a business. This study aims to determine whether entrepreneurial intentions can be influenced by entrepreneurship education, the need for achievement, creativity, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy in students of the Faculty of Economics, State University of Malang because entrepreneurial intentions are an important factor that can make someone want to set up a business.. This research is a quantitative approach using path analysis. The results showed that entrepreneurial intentions can be influenced by entrepreneurship education, achievement needs, creativity, and self-efficacy. In addition, entrepreneurial self-efficacy can act as a mediation between entrepreneurship education, achievement needs, creativity to entrepreneurial intentions.
The Influence Of Marketing Communications On Loyalty Through Satisfaction
Authors: Fadli Ahmad , Amalia Fiqrida , Novirsari Emma , Amelia Ratih , Fathoni Muhammad
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this study is to determine the role of satisfaction in mediating marketing communications on visitor loyalty in Lake Toba. The target population and sample in this study were the visitors to Lake Toba who were selected by accidental sampling as many as 125 people. Path analysis in this study was chosen to see the direct and indirect role of satisfaction in mediating marketing communications on loyalty. The results of study 1) direct marketing communication has a positive and significant effect on visitor satisfaction at Lake Toba, 2) directly marketing communication does not affect visitor loyalty in Lake Toba. 3) Satisfaction directly has a positive and significant effect on visitor satisfaction at Lake Toba. 4) indirectly, satisfaction has a role in mediating marketing communication on visitor loyalty in Lake Toba
Assessment of Practices in Integrating Environmental Education in the Teacher Education Program
Authors: Bercasio Rebecca Rosario O.
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to assess the mainstreaming of environmental education in the Teacher Education curriculum. It used descriptive research design using qualitative approaches. Data were gathered using a rubric, documentary analysis, class observations, focus group discussion, and interview. Respondents and informants consisted of faculty-implementers, students, officials and administrative personnel. Each class in the different disciplines was observed by three class observers. The focus group discussion involved 35 students and the informal interview involved randomly selected class observers and key persons involved in the implementation of the project. Three dimensions were considered such as programmatic practices, organizational practices and context-specific practices. Assessment reveals the good practices in programmatic practices in terms of needs assessment and program design, in organizational practices in terms of governance, and context specific practices in terms of instructional materials development, delivery of the lesson, interaction with students, and assessment. Good practices serve as enabling factors for the successful mainstreaming of environmental education in the Teacher Education curriculum. Recommendations are provided to sustain the good practices and address those needing improvement.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR, MANAJEMEN KELAS DAN IMPLEMENTASI PROJECT BASEC LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGRAAN.
Authors: Tamba Sadaria , Yugopuspito Pujianto
Published: December 2021

This study aims to show the positive effect of learning motivation on learning outcomes, the positive influence of classroom management on learning outcomes, the positive influence of project based learning (PBL) implementation on learning outcomes in Civic Education lessons in class VIII SMPS Harvest Christian School Tangerang. The research method used is descriptive analysis method that involved the entire population, namely 26 respondents in class VIII SMPS Harvest Christian School Tangerang. Data was collected using a survey method in the form of a closed questionnaire and a test in the form of a rubric. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, with inferential statistics, and hypothesis testing using SmartPLS version 3.0. This study shows that (a) learning motivation has a positive effect on student learning outcomes; (b) classroom management has a positive effect on student learning outcomes; c) PBL implementation has a positive effect on student learning outcomes in Civic Education learning.