bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El periplo de la juventud que migra sola
Authors: Vilà Baños Ruth , Simó Sánchez Marta , Schmidlin Roccatagliata Melissa , Beltrán Sánchez Omaira
Published: August 2023

The aim of this article is to address the migration process of young people who migrate alone to Barcelona, to find out about the geographical and institutional itinerary they have to follow and to learn about the situations they face in Barcelona. For this purpose, a qualitative descriptive study was carried out using interview and discussion group techniques to identify and triangulate the views of three groups: young people who have migrated alone to Barcelona, educators who work in institutions with these young people, and the managers of the centres. 42 young people, 15 educators and 2 people in charge of DGAIA and third sector entities, respectively, participated. The results show that there are shared motivations for migrating, mainly linked to situations of precariousness in their countries of origin and the search for a better future. At the same time, it was observed that previous expectations are very different from the reality they face when they arrive in Barcelona. On the other hand, different geographical itineraries and routes of arrival in Barcelona, and different institutional circuits were identified, mainly characterised by the differences between the autonomous communities through which they have passed. Finally, the street situation in which some of them live is highly precarious and vulnerable, and is mainly experienced by older youths or minors who have fled from the centres.

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad abordar el proceso migratorio de los y las jóvenes que migran solos/as en Barcelona, conocer el itinerario geográfico e institucional que deben recorrer y conocer las situaciones a las que se enfrentan en Barcelona. Para dar respuesta a dicha finalidad, se realizó un estudio cualitativo-descriptivo a partir de las técnicas de entrevista y grupos de discusión, para identificar y triangular la visión de tres colectivos:  las y los jóvenes que han migrado solos a Barcelona, las y los educadores que trabajan en instituciones con esta juventud y la dirección de los centros. Participaron 42 jóvenes, 15 educadores y 2 personas responsables de DGAIA y entidad del tercer sector, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que hay motivaciones compartidas para emigrar, vinculadas principalmente a situaciones de precariedad de sus países de origen y a la búsqueda de un futuro mejor. Al mismo tiempo, se observó que las expectativas previas son muy diferentes a la realidad que enfrentan cuando llegan a Barcelona. Por otro lado, se identifican diferentes itinerarios geográficos y rutas de llegada a Barcelona y diversos circuitos institucionales, caracterizados, principalmente, por las diferencias que hay entre las comunidades autónomas por las que han pasado. Por último, la situación de calle que viven algunos supone una alta precariedad y desprotección, y la viven principalmente jóvenes mayores o menores de edad que han escapado de los centros.
Cantidad y calidad del tiempo dedicado a los deberes escolares en alumnado de Educación Secundaria
Authors: Estévez Iris , Vieites Tania , Regueiro Bibiana , Rodríguez-Llorente Carolina , Morado Tamara
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this study is to identify different profiles of students based on the daily amount of time they spend completing homework and how they manage it. The aim is to test the various combinations shown by the participants regarding the use and management of the time spent on homework, integrating a person-centred approach, and not taking the variables independently. Once these profiles have been identified, defined, and characterised, possible differences in several variables related to homework, such as intrinsic motivation, interest, perceived usefulness, anxiety, and academic performance are analysed. The sample consists of 578 students (49.5% female and 50.5% male) of Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) from 6 schools in Galicia. The age of participants is between 12 and 16 years old. The results have allowed to identify four student profiles: two of them can be defined as the most adaptive and effective (they manage their time better, are more motivated and have less anxiety about homework) and the other two can be categorised as less effective or more maladaptive (they manage their time worse, are less motivated and have more anxiety about homework). These results call for the differential involvement of teachers to effectively address the needs and characteristics of the four profiles identified.

El principal propósito de este estudio es identificar distintos perfiles de alumnado, definidos en base al tiempo diario que dedican a realizar los deberes escolares y a la gestión que hacen de ese tiempo. Se trata de comprobar las diversas combinaciones que se dan dentro de las y los participantes con respecto al uso y gestión del tiempo dedicado a los deberes, integrando una perspectiva centrada en la persona y no tomando las variables de forma independiente. Una vez identificados, definidos y caracterizados esos perfiles, se analizan las posibles diferencias en motivación intrínseca hacia los deberes, interés por los deberes, percepción de utilidad de los deberes, ansiedad ante los deberes y rendimiento académico. La muestra está integrada por 578 estudiantes (49.5% mujeres y 50.5% hombres) de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) pertenecientes a seis centros educativos de Galicia. La edad de los participantes está comprendida entre los 12 y los 16 años. Los resultados han permitido identificar cuatro perfiles de alumnado: dos de ellos pueden definirse como los más adaptativos y eficaces (gestionan mejor su tiempo, están más motivados y tienen menos ansiedad ante los deberes) y los otros dos se pueden catalogar como menos eficaces o más desadaptativos (gestionan peor el tiempo, están menos motivados y tienen más ansiedad ante los deberes). Estos resultados exhortan una implicación diferencial por parte del profesorado, para que procedan de forma eficaz ante las necesidades y características de los cuatro perfiles emanados.
A snapshot of university research through the lens of university social responsibility
Authors: Ferrández-Berrueco Reina , Sales Auxiliadora , Sánchez-Tarazaga Lucía , Ruiz Bernardo Paola
Published: August 2023

University research in the framework of university social responsibility implies a commitment to society, which means that maximum stakeholder participation should be encouraged, mainly for emancipatory purposes. In this study we describe the state of the art in university research from an inclusive point of view according to the level of stakeholder participation in the research process. To this end, 80 interviews were held with research groups in five European countries. Results show that, in general, there is no inclusive participation, and that information about research outcomes is only shared with stakeholders through media channels. In addition, no differences were found between areas of research, and although applied research seems to be more participatory than basic research, in general the participation is self-interested on the part of the researcher. These results reveal a need to re-examine research quality evaluation policies that are centred on academic impact, but which do not take the social relevance of research into account.

La Investigación universitaria, en el marco de la Responsabilidad social universitaria, implica un compromiso con la Sociedad, lo que significa que debe potenciarse al máximo la participación de los grupos de interés sobre todo con un propósito emancipador. Este trabajo describe el estado de la cuestión en la investigación universitaria desde una perspectiva inclusiva de acuerdo al nivel de participación de los grupos de interés en el proceso de investigación. Con este fin, se llevaron a cabo 80 entrevistas a grupos de investigación de cinco países europeos. Los resultados muestran que, en general, no hay una participación inclusiva y que la información sobre los resultados de la investigación solo se comparte con los grupos de interés a través de los medios. Además, no se han encontrado diferencias entre áreas de investigación y, aunque la investigación aplicada parece ser más participativa que la investigación básica, en general, se trata de una participación instrumental o interesada por parte del investigador. Estos resultados revelan la necesidad de reexaminar las políticas de evaluación de la calidad de la investigación, centradas en el impacto académico, pero que no consideran la relevancia social de esta.
From recency to central tendency biases in working memory: a unifying network model
Authors: Boboeva Vezha , Pezzotta Alberto , Clopath Claudia , Akrami Athena
Published: August 2023

The central tendency bias, or contraction bias, is a phenomenon where the judgment of the magnitude of items held in working memory appears to be biased towards the average of past observations. It is assumed to be an optimal strategy by the brain, and commonly thought of as an expression of the brain’s ability to learn the statistical structure of sensory input. On the other hand, recency biases such as serial dependence are also commonly observed, and are thought to reflect the content of working memory. Recent results from an auditory delayed comparison task in rats, suggest that both biases may be more related than previously thought: when the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) was silenced, both short-term and contraction biases were reduced. By proposing a model of the circuit that may be involved in generating the behavior, we show that a volatile working memory content susceptible to shifting to the past sensory experience – producing short-term sensory history biases – naturally leads to contraction bias. The errors, occurring at the level of individual trials, are sampled from the full distribution of the stimuli, and are not due to a gradual shift of the memory towards the sensory distribution’s mean. Our results are consistent with a broad set of behavioral findings and provide predictions of performance across different stimulus distributions and timings, delay intervals, as well as neuronal dynamics in putative working memory areas. Finally, we validate our model by performing a set of human psychophysics experiments of an auditory parametric working memory task.
The unique synaptic circuitry of specialized olfactory glomeruli in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Gruber Lydia , Cantera Rafael , Pleijzier Markus William , Steinert Michael , Pertsch Thomas , Hansson Bill S. , Rybak Jürgen
Published: August 2023

In the
Drosophila
olfactory system most odorants are encoded in the antennal lobe in a combinatory way, activating several glomerular circuits. However, odorants of particular ecological role for the fly are encoded through activation of a single specialized olfactory pathway. Comparative analyses of densely reconstructed connectomes of one broadly tuned glomerulus (DL5) and one narrowly tuned glomerulus (DA2) gained detailed insight into the variations of synaptic circuitries of glomeruli with different computational tasks. Our approach combined laser-branding of glomeruli of interest with volume based focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) to enable precise targeting and analysis of the two glomeruli. We discovered differences in their neuronal innervation, synaptic composition and specific circuit diagrams of their major cell types: olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), uniglomerular projection neurons (uPNs) and multiglomerular neurons (MGNs). By comparing our data with a previously mapped narrowly tuned glomerulus (VA1v), we identified putative generic features of narrowly tuned glomerular circuits, including higher density of neuronal fibers and synapses, lower degree of OSN lateralization, stronger axo-axonic connections between OSNs, dendro-dendritic connections between many uPNs, and lower degree of presynaptic inhibition on OSN axons. In addition, this work revealed that the dendrites of the single uPN in DL5 contain a substantial amount of autapses interconnecting distant regions of the dendritic tree. The comparative analysis of glomeruli allows to formulate synaptic motifs implemented in olfactory circuits with different computational demands.
Hexokinase regulates Mondo-mediated longevity via the PPP and organellar dynamics
Authors: Laboy Raymond , Ndoci Marjana , Vonolfen Maximilian , Ballhysa Eugen , Syed Shamsh Tabrez , Droth Tim , Schilling Klara , Löhrke Anna , Atanassov Ilian , Antebi Adam
Published: August 2023

The transcriptional complex Mondo/Max-like, MML-1/MXL-2, acts as a convergent transcriptional regulatory output of multiple longevity pathways in
Caenorhabditis elegans
. These transcription factors coordinate nutrient sensing with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism across the evolutionary spectrum. While most studies have focused on the downstream outputs, little is known about the upstream inputs that regulate these transcription factors in a live organism. Here, we found that knockdown of various glucose metabolic enzymes decreases MML-1 localization in the nucleus and identified two hexokinase isozymes,
hxk-1
and
hxk-2,
as the most vigorous regulators of MML-1 function. Upon hexokinase knockdown, MML-1 redistributes to mitochondria and lipid droplets (LD) and concomitantly, transcriptional targets are downregulated and germline longevity is abolished. Further, we found that
hxk-1
regulates MML-1 through mitochondrial β-oxidation, while
hxk-2
regulates MML-1 by modulating the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and its coordinated association with lipid droplets. Similarly, inhibition of the PPP rescues mammalian MondoA nuclear translocation and transcriptional function upon starvation. These studies reveal how metabolic signals and organellar communication regulate a key convergent metabolic transcription factor to promote longevity.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: MOT-programmet Robust ungdom 12–16 (1. utg)
Authors: Rye Marte , Kaiser Sabine , Martinussen Monica
Published: August 2023

Bakgrunn: MOT Robust ungdom 12–16 er et universelt forebyggende og helsefremmende tiltak rettet mot ungdom i alderen 12–16 år. Målet er å utvikle varmere å tryggere samfunn gjennom å utvikle robuste ungdommer som inkluderer alle. Tiltaket består av tolv klassebesøk over alle årene i ungdomsskolen der ulike tema behandles og gjennomgås etter en fast plan. I tillegg forekommer det andre miljøskapende aktiviteter i løpet av skoleåret. Tiltaket eies av stiftelsen MOT Norge, en idealistisk organisasjon som ble etablert i 1997 av norske toppidrettsutøvere.
Metode: Denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline, Psykinfo, NORART, Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS og SweMed. Det er også søkt i internasjonale kunnskapsdatabaser om evidens samt innhentet informasjon om tiltaket fra tiltakseier. Litteratursøk og annen innhentet informasjon ble gjennomgått for å identifisere nordiske effektstudier, internasjonale oppsummeringsstudier og eventuelt andre norske studier om tiltaket.
Resultater: Resultatene består av en vurdering av tiltakets beskrivelse, foreliggende studier, forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og implementeringskvalitet. MOT-programmet Robust ungdom 12–16 vurderes som godt beskrevet og det er fundert på allment aksepterte teorier. Det er ikke identifisert noen nordiske effektstudier. I denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen beskrives fire norske studier, men disse er ikke av den vitenskapelige kvalitet som er nødvendig for å kunne si noe sikkert om effekten av tiltaket.
Konklusjon: MOT-programmet Robust ungdom 12–16 klassifiseres på evidensnivå 2 – Teoretisk begrunnet tiltak.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Kjærlighet og Grenser (3. utg.)
Authors: Bjørknes Ragnhild , Koposov Roman , Eng Helene
Published: August 2023

Bakgrunn: Formålet med denne kunnskapsoppsummering er å undersøke om Kjærlighet og Grenser (v. 2019) er virksomt når det tilbys i vanlig praksis i Norge. Artikkelen bygger på en tidligere beskrivelse av det samme tiltaket i Ungsinn (Bjørknes, 2011; Bjørknes & Koposov, 2018). Tiltakseier har oppdatert programmet noe siden da og denne artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i den oppdaterte versjonen med et oppdatert litteratursøk. Kjærlighet og Grenser er ment å være et rusforebyggende program rettet mot ungdom i alderen 12–13 år og deres foreldre. Kompetansesenter rus – region sør (KoRus Sør) har det nasjonale ansvaret for å utvikle og gi opplæring i programmet. Programmet er opprinnelig utviklet i USA (Iowa Strengthening Families Program), videreutviklet i Sverige (ParentSteps, Step-by-Step) og implementert i Norge fra 2004.
Metode: Det ble gjort litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline og Psykinfo, NORART, Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS og SweMed. Søket resulterte i to svenske effektstudier som ble inkludert.
Resultater: Resultatene omfatter en beskrivelse av programmet samt en oppsummering av effektstudier, forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og implementeringskvalitet. Programmet har tilfredsstillende systemer for å sikre implementeringskvalitet. Det foreligger to studier fra Sverige som undersøker effekten av tiltaket. Begge studiene benytter randomiserte design med kontrollgrupper, målinger ved oppstart og senere oppfølging. Studiene er av god forskningsmetodisk kvalitet. Det er ikke funnet signifikante positive effekter på relevante utfallsmål, slik som unges rus- eller atferdsproblemer. I tillegg er ikke internasjonale kunnskapsoppsummeringer samstemt i sine konklusjoner om programmet er virksomt.
Konklusjon: Basert på Ungsinn sine kriterier klassifiseres Kjærlighet og Grenser på evidensnivå 0 – uvirksomt tiltak. Studiene som er gjennomført er av god forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og viser at tiltaket ikke har effekt. Dette understøttes av at internasjonale kunnskapsoppsummeringer ikke er samstemt i sine konklusjoner om programmet er virksomt.
Transcriptomic characterization revealed that METTL7A inhibits melanoma progression via the p53 signaling pathway and immunomodulatory pathway
Authors: Zhang Duoli , Zou Tao , Liu Qingsong , Chen Jie , Xiao Mintao , Zheng Anfu , Zhang Zhuo , Du Fukuan , Dai Yalan , Xiang Shixin , Wu Xu , Li Mingxing , Chen Yu , Zhao Yueshui , Shen Jing , Chen Guiquan , Xiao Zhangang
Published: August 2023

METTL7A is a protein-coding gene expected to be associated with methylation, and its expression disorder is associated with a range of diseases. However, few research have been carried out to explore the relationship between METTL7A and tumor malignant phenotype as well as the involvement potential mechanism. We conducted our research via a combination of silico analysis and molecular biology techniques to investigate the biological function of METTL7A in the progression of cancer. Gene expression and clinical information were extracted from the TCGA database to explore expression variation and prognostic value of METTL7A. In vitro, CCK8, transwell, wound healing and colony formation assays were conducted to explore the biological functions of METT7A in cancer cell. GSEA was performed to explore the signaling pathway involved in METTL7A and validated via western blotting. In conclusion, METTL7A was downregulated in most cancer tissues and its low expression was associated with shorter overall survival. In melanoma, METTL7A downregulation was associated with poorer clinical staging, lower levels of TIL infiltration, higher IC50 levels of chemotherapeutic agents, and poorer immunotherapy outcomes. QPCR results confirm that METTL7A is down-regulated in melanoma cells. Cell function assays showed that METTL7A knockdown promoted proliferation, invasion, migration and clone formation of melanoma cells. Mechanistic studies showed that METTL7A inhibits tumorigenicity through the p53 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, METTL7A is also a potential immune regulatory factor.
Mutation-derived, genomic instability-associated lncRNAs are prognostic markers in gliomas
Authors: Li Shenglun , Chen Yujia , Guo Yuduo , Xu Jiacheng , Wang Xiang , Ning Weihai , Ma Lixin , Qu Yanming , Zhang Mingshan , Zhang Hongwei
Published: August 2023

Background

Gliomas are the most commonly-detected malignant tumors of the brain. They contain abundant long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are valuable cancer biomarkers. LncRNAs may be involved in genomic instability; however, their specific role and mechanism in gliomas remains unclear. LncRNAs that are related to genomic instability have not been reported in gliomas.

Methods

The transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed. The co-expression network of genomic instability-related lncRNAs and mRNA was established, and the model of genomic instability-related lncRNA was identified by univariate Cox regression and LASSO analyses. Based on the median risk score obtained in the training set, we divided the samples into high-risk and low-risk groups and proved the survival prediction ability of genomic instability-related lncRNA signatures. The results were verified in the external data set. Finally, a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to validate the signature.

Results

The signatures of 17 lncRNAs (LINC01579, AL022344.1, AC025171.5, LINC01116, MIR155HG, AC131097.3, LINC00906, CYTOR, AC015540.1, SLC25A21.AS1, H19, AL133415.1, SNHG18, FOXD3.AS1, LINC02593, AL354919.2 and CRNDE) related to genomic instability were identified. In the internal data set and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) external data set, the low-risk group showed better survival than the high-risk group (P < 0.001). In addition, this feature was identified as an independent risk factor, showing its independent prognostic value with different clinical stratifications. The majority of patients in the low-risk group had isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations. The expression levels of these lncRNAs were significantly higher in glioblastoma cell lines than in normal cells.

Conclusions

Our study shows that the signature of 17 lncRNAs related to genomic instability has prognostic value for gliomas and could provide a potential therapeutic method for glioblastoma.
Comparando las estimaciones de selección de hábitat mediante modelos de distribución de especies y step selection functions
Authors: Saraiva de Menezes Jorge Fernando
Published: August 2023

Recientemente, dos métodos de modelaje de selección de hábitat han ganado cada vez más relevancia en la literatura científica: las “step selection functions” (SSF) y el MaxEnt. A pesar de su semejanza, estos métodos raramente son usados en el mismo contexto. El primero es utilizado en modelos basados en datos de movimiento y el segundo en estudios de distribución de especies. Motivado por la dificultad de estimar modelos convergentes que tiene el SSF, he comparado la precisión de predicciones hechas por modelos MaxEnt en datos de movimiento. Como estudio de caso, utilicé datos de localizaciones de jaguares en cinco países de América Latina, y creé modelos de los dos tipos, utilizando datos climáticos y de uso del terreno, disponibles de imágenes de satélite. Comparé el rendimiento de ambos modelos mediante validación cruzada, y midiendo el área debajo de la curva (AUC) en el conjunto de datos de prueba. Los modelos de SSF presentaron una precisión media de 0.5510 ± 0.0147 en comparación con 0.7544 ± 0.0185 en los modelos MaxEnt equivalentes. Atribuyo estas diferencias, en parte, a la dificultad de los modelos SSF y regresiones logísticas condicionales de converger en sus estimaciones. Por eso, yo recomiendo la utilización de modelos MaxEnt para actividades predictivas, como el diseño de reservas naturales o de corredores de fauna.
Factors Affecting Quality of Life among Caregivers of Cancer Patients in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Gupta Sweety , Kusum K , Kalyani Vasantha C , Lekshmi R , Singh Jyoti , Gupta Amit , Sundriyal Deepak , Gupta Manoj
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cancer impacts not only people living with cancer but also their caregivers. In hospital, caregivers always have pressure on them and their personal and private lives are disrupted during the caring process. Aim: To identify the various factors affecting the Quality Of Life (QOL) among caregivers of cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This quantitative study with an exploratory research design was conducted in oncology Outpatient Department (OPD) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India, from November 2019 to February 2020. A total of 256 caregivers of cancer patients, who were visiting various oncology units were included. Data regarding caregiver’s sample characteristics, clinical variables and caregiver’s Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL) were collected. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Fisher-exact tests were used to study variables. Results: Majority, 94 (37%) belonged to 41-50 years age group, 143 (56%) were females, and 142 (56%) lived in rural areas. Patients’ diagnoses were breast cancer in 94 (37%), Stage-III in 133 (52%), symptoms lasting more than 6-12 months in 103 (40%), and were partial dependent in 172 (67%). A total of 123 (48%) of caregivers scored less in the CarGOQoL questionnaire, so about half of the caregivers had a poor QOL. Caregiver coping (43%) and the private life domain were enormously affected in 193 (37%). Significant relationships with caregivers’ QOL were seen for variables like female gender (p-value=0.037), educational level of patients (p-value=0.018), caregivers with co-morbidities (p-value=0.05), and the number of earning members in the family (p-value=0.022). Conclusion: Care burden always has an impact on the caregiver’s overall QOL. It mainly affected their psychological well-being, burdens, and private lives. Therefore, comprehensive attention should be given to patients as well as caregivers.
Functional and Radiological Outcome of Conservatively Managed Fracture of Radius and Ulna Forearm Bone in Paediatric PopulationA Longitudinal Interventional Study
Authors: Mahendra Mayank , Tewari Prakash Gaurav , Singh Ajai , Rastogi Devarshi
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Fractures of the shaft of both bones of forearm are one of the most common fractures in the paediatric age group. There is often a difference of opinion regarding the management of these fractures. Though, there has been an increasing inclination towards surgical correction of these injuries, conservative management is still very popular because of the advantage of good bone remodelling potential in children. Loss of reduction is a known complication of conservative method of treatment. Assessment of the cast index can serve as a tool for the prediction of failure of the conservative management. Aim: To analyse the functional and radiological outcomes of both radius and ulna forearm bones shaft fractures. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal interventional study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The duration of the study was one year 11 months, from June 2017 to May 2019. A total of 196 (156 males and 40 females) patients were included in the study, who presented with closed diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna, and were managed conservatively. The patients with acceptable reductions were followed-up at three weeks, six weeks, three months and six months. The functional and radiological parameters were assessed, analysed and the cast index was estimated at each follow-up visit. Chi-square test was performed on the numerical/frequency displays of the dichotomous variables. Student’s t-test with a 95% confidence interval was performed to compare the means of the two groups. Results: The changes in angulation for Anteroposterior (AP), as well as, lateral view of both radius and ulna were significant at each follow-up (p<0.001), but the fracture reduction was found acceptable as per protocol. The loss of reduction was seen equally in male and female patients, only on the left-side and only in the middle third of both bone forearm fracture, but no significant association was found between sex, laterality, site and loss of reduction. The final Range Of Motion (ROM) obtained at elbow, forearm and wrist were all in the functional range at six months follow-up. There were two cases of failure, both above 10 years of age having high cast index and greater angulation in ulna in the prereduction phase. Conclusion: Conservative treatment remains the gold standard for management of paediatric bones forearm fractures with very good functional outcome. A high cast index can be used to predict failure of the conservative management.
Constraints Faced by the Farmers in Accessing Services from Digital Agripreneurs
Authors: Bindurajashekar  , Rani A. Janaki , Karthikeyan C. , Malarkodi M. , Selvi R. Gangai
Published: August 2023

The agricultural sector has witnessed a transformative shift with the advent of digital technologies and the rise of digital Agripreneurs. These digital Agripreneurs act as intermediaries, connecting farmers to a range of essential services, including market information, weather forecasts, agricultural inputs, financial services, and advisory support. While these services have the potential to revolutionize farming practices and improve farmers' livelihoods, several constraints hinder their effective access and utilization. The study investigated the constraints encountered by farmers while accessing the services from Digital Agripreneurs in Karnataka. The data were collected among the farmers who were getting services related to crop health monitoring, inputs, weather forecast, and market-related information from these Digital Agripreneurs. The ex-post facto research design was employed; several kinds of constraints were gathered through a literature study and expert opinion. They were given in an interview schedule for the farmers to rank accordingly. The acquired data were analyzed, and ranks were assigned based on Rank-Based Quotient percentage. The major constraints faced by the farmers in accessing services provided by Digital Agripreneurs were Lack of practical evidence on the utility of information (98.71%), Fear of loss on adoption (92.64%), Lack of face-to-face contact to verify the credibility of information (86.29%), Lack of service centers in the vicinity (76.29) and so on. By overcoming these limitations, Digital Agripreneurs can empower farmers with valuable insights, tools, and technologies, leading to enhanced agricultural practices, productivity, and sustainable growth in the sector.
Forecasting of Arrival and Price of Groundnut in Rajasthan by ARIMA Model for Livelihood of Farmers
Authors: Bhusanar S. B. , Meena Satyveer Singh , Beniwal Anubhav
Published: August 2023

This paper studies the forecasting of arrival and price of groundnut at the APMC in Rajasthan. ARIMA models was used to model the time series data of arrival and price of groundnut at APMC from 2005 to 2021. Groundnut arrival was at its highest in the months of November, December, and January of the 2018–19 growing season, with 16.3%, 32.3%, and 33.6%, respectively. In the year 2019-20, the highest arrival of groundnuts was seen in October, November, and December with 28.08%, 29.79%, and 28.51% respectively. The best fitting model for the arrival of groundnut is ARIMA (1, 1, 1), and for price is ARIMA (2, 1, 1) with R-squared values of 0.931 and 0.852 respectively. The results indicate that the arrival of groundnut at APMC will increase from 1015.48 thousand metric tonnes in 2022 to 1180.68 thousand metric tonnes in 2026, while the price of groundnut will increase from Rs 5261.08/qtl in 2022 to Rs 6057.07/qtl in 2026. The results study provides valuable insights into the seasonal pattern of groundnut arrivals at APMCs and the forecasts can be used to make decisions about future supply and demand of the product to stakeholders and helps them plan for the future.
Entrepreneurial Resilience: What Makes Entrepreneur Start Another Business After Failure
Authors: Sachdev Naresh
Published: August 2023

An entrepreneur is a person who sets up a business or business, taking on financial risks in the hope of making a profit. This risk may sometimes turn into failure. But those entrepreneurs who are resilient are keen to survive. The word resilience refers to overcoming difficulties and performing better than expected. The purpose of analysing "Entrepreneur's Resilience" is to understand entrepreneurs' desires and motivation to bounce back successfully and to recognize how they rebuild their business enterprise after failure. Resilience theory originated from pressure adjustment in psychotherapy. This theory explains how an individual deals with times of difficulty and how these crises may enhance their ability. It focuses on the struggle and courage an individual shows in times of difficulty. Entrepreneurship research has begun to explore each of these conceptualizations of resilience. Importantly, resilience capabilities have been connected with a greater likelihood of venture survival. Additionally, research has demonstrated that entrepreneurial action may be an important tool individuals use to overcome persistent adversity.
Effect of Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.)
Authors: Kumar Y. Anil , Singh Shikha , Nawhal Anu
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Winter season of 2022 at Crop Research Farm (CRF). Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (UP) to investigate the effect of phosphorus and zinc levels on growth and yield of lentil. The treatments consist of three phosphorus doses viz., 20, 30, 50 kg/ha and three foliar zinc doses i.e., 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% whose effect is observed on Lentil (var. PL 406). The experiment was laid out in RBD with Ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatment with application of Phosphorous 50 Kg/ha + Zinc 0.75% recorded significantly higher plant height (45.28 cm) and plant dry weight (12.15 g), number of pods per plant (123.67), number of seeds per pod (1.80), test weight (24.77 g), seed yield (1.72 t/ha) and straw yield (3.36 t/ha) compared to other treatment combinations. It is concluded that Phosphorous 50 Kg/ha + Zinc 0.75% execute better growth parameters, yield attributes and higher seed yield in lentil crop under eastern Uttar Pradesh conditions.
Effect of Bio-fertilizers on Yield and Its Attributing Traits on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.)
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Singh Devi , Wesley C. John
Published: August 2023

The present investigation entitled Effect of Bio-Fertilizers on Yield and Its Attributing Traits on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) was carried out during October, 2022 to April 2023 at Horticultural Research Field, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences. It was concluded that the application of bio fertilizer treatments rendered their significant effect on almost all the growth, developmental as well as yield characters of fennel. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatments in three replications as follows- T0- RDF(50:10:10 kg /ha),T1-90 % N + Azospirillum (5kg/ha), T2- 90 % N + Azotobacter (5kg/ha), T3- 90 % P + PSB(5kg/ha), T4 -90 % N + 90 % P + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB(5kg/ha),T5- 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + PSB(5kg/ha), T6 -90 % N + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + Azotobacter (5kg/ha), T7 - 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB (5kg/ha),T8 - 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (2.5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (2.5kg/ha) + PSB (2.5kg/ha).The treatment T7, i.e. 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB (5kg/ha)  application was found superior in terms of plant height (203.47cm), number of branches (15.55), days taken for 50% flowering (105.33 days),days taken for maturity (159.68 days), number of umbels per plant (14.61), number of umbelletes per umbel (23.16), number of seeds per umbelletes (33.90), seed yield per plant (30.80 g/plant), seed yield per hectare (2.41 t/ha) and test weight (7.17 g). Among the different treatments the highest gross return (Rs/ha) (3,61,500), net return (Rs/ha) (2,42,04.7), benefit: cost ratio (3.02) was also obtained from treatment (T7), that is, 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB (5kg/ha).
Management of Anterior Single Tooth Crossbite Using Removable Posterior Teeth Bite Plane Along With Z-Spring: A Case Report
Authors: Gahlod Niharika
Published: August 2023

Anterior crossbite is defined as a malocclusion characterized by the anterior maxillary teeth lingual position compared to mandibular anterior teeth. The prevalence of anterior crossbite that has been reported in the mixed dentition stage varies between 1.6 percent and 7.9 percent. Anterior crossbite cases should be treated by emergency intervention in the early period to prevent the consequences of malaligned teeth and their effect on the normal overall growth and development of the child. Patient compliance in such type of treatment intervention is of utmost importance. This case report presents the correction of single tooth crossbite with the removable posterior bite     plane along with Z-spring. Various other treatment modalities have been also proposed to correct an anterior dental crossbite, such as tongue blades, reversed stainless steel crowns, fixed acrylic planes, bonded resin-composite slopes, and removable acrylic appliances incorporating finger springs. This treatment modality is possible in the early stages of developing malocclusion. Children with untreated anterior crossbite could develop complications such as gingiva recession, TMJ dysfunction, and worsening of mandibular displacement. As self-correction is rare in these alterations, early interception is recommended to allow normal occlusion and  facial development.
Disparities in Lupus and the Role of Social Determinants of Health: Current State of Knowledge and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Buie Joy , McMillan Emma , Kirby Jillian , Cardenas Leigh Ann , Eftekhari Sanaz , Feldman Candace H. , Gawuga Cyrena , Knight Andrea M. , Lim S. Sam , McCalla Sheryl , McClamb Daria , Polk Barbara , Williams Edith , Yelin Ed , Shah Sanoja , Costenbader Karen H.
Published: August 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. The complex relationships between race and ethnicity and social determinants of health (SDOH) in influencing SLE and its course are increasingly appreciated. Multiple SDOH have been strongly associated with lupus incidence and outcomes and contribute to health disparities in lupus. Measures of socioeconomic status, including economic instability, poverty, unemployment, and food insecurity, as well as features of the neighborhood and built environment, including lack of safe and affordable housing, crime, stress, racial segregation, and discrimination, are associated with race and ethnicity in the US and are risk factors for poor outcomes in lupus. In this scientific statement, we aimed to summarize current evidence on the role of SDOH in relation to racial and ethnic disparities in SLE and SLE outcomes, primarily as experienced in the U.S. Lupus Foundation of America's Health Disparities Advisory Panel, comprising 10 health disparity experts, including academic researchers and patients, who met 12 times over the course of 18 months in assembling and reviewing the data for this study. Sources included articles published from 2011 to 2023 in PubMed, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data, and bibliographies and recommendations. Search terms included lupus, race, ethnicity, and SDOH domains. Data were extracted and synthesized into this scientific statement. Poorer neighborhoods correlate with increased damage, reduced care, and stress‐induced lupus flares. Large disparities in health care affordability, accessibility, and acceptability exist in the US, varying by region, insurance status, and racial and minority groups. Preliminary interventions targeted social support, depression, and shared‐decision‐making, but more research and intervention implementation and evaluation are needed. Disparities in lupus across racial and ethnic groups in the US are driven by SDOH, some of which are more easily remediable than others. A multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach involving various stakeholder groups is needed to address these complex challenges, address these diminish disparities, and improve outcomes.
Highly Impact‐Resistant Silk Fiber Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Van Vuure Aart Willem , Mosleh Yasmine , Vanderbeke Jan , Verpoest Ignaas
Published: July 2023

Silk fibers combine good stiffness and strength with a very high strain to failure and are as such highly promising to realize composites with high impact resistance. It is shown that to realize this potential it is quite beneficial to employ matrix materials of high strain to failure, particularly thermoplastic matrices. High impact resistance is thus achieved, well above the values for the pure matrices. Below the glass‐transition temperature of the thermoplastic matrix, the impact energy absorption decreases. The adhesion between fiber and matrix also plays a significant role; lower adhesion typically increases the low‐velocity penetration impact resistance, due to the spread of damage. Finally, the fiber architecture is pivotal; when a woven fabric is used which is unbalanced in strength, the impact resistance reduces in correspondence with the weakest material direction. A quasi‐isotropic layup has a lower capacity for deformation than a balanced woven configuration which likely explains the observed lower penetration impact resistance.
Cost‐Effective High Entropy Core–Shell Fiber for Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction at 2 A cm−2
Authors: Cui Yi‐Fan , Jiang Si‐Da , Fu Qiang , Wang Ran , Xu Ping , Sui Yu , Wang Xian‐Jie , Ning Zhi‐Liang , Sun Jian‐Fei , Sun Xun , Nikiforov Alexander , Song Bo
Published: August 2023

Exploring highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is important for industrial water electrolysis, especially under high current densities (>1 A cm−2). High‐entropy alloy (HEA) with high surface OER activity and excellent electrical conductivity of the core is an ideal route to improve the catalytic activity. Herein, a combined theoretical and experimental approach to establish core–shell FeCoNiMoAl‐based HEA as a promising OER electrocatalyst is presented. Theoretical calculations combined with structure analyses indicate crystalline–amorphous (c–a) heterostructure of shell reduces the electron transfer resistance and generates more active sites, furthermore the crystalline core improves the conductivity and self‐supporting ability. HEA electrodes demonstrate superior OER performance with an overpotential (η) of 470 mV at 2 A cm−2 and no apparent degradation even after 330 h of continuous testing, notably,  for overall water splitting the stability is more than 120 h at 2.06 V. The special core–shell structure achieves a win–win strategy for high OER activity and stability. These findings shed light on the structural design of HEA electrocatalysts and present a promising route to achieve highly efficient electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolysis and relevant energy conversion processes.
Synthesis of Aza‐Heterocyclic Compounds with N‐Tosylhydrazones: Formation of Bi‐Indoles via Reductive Molybdenum Catalysis
Authors: Liu Xinya , Provot Olivier , Franco Remi , Retailleau Pascal , Alami Mouad , Gandon Vincent , Tran Christine , Hamze Abdallah
Published: August 2023

In this study, we present a methodology for synthesizing aza‐heterocyclic compounds using N‐tosylhydrazones as key reagents. Our primary objective was to obtain six or seven‐membered ring heterocycles; however, we unexpectedly observed the formation of bi‐indole compounds in high yields. Furthermore, our synthetic pathway enables modifications at the C3 or C2 position of the indole, leading to the formation of the respective 3′‐phenyl‐2′‐biindole or carbazole derivatives.
Defect‐Free Few‐Layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXene Nanosheets: Synthesis, Characterization, and Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Huang Yanan , Shen Jibing , Lin Shuai , Song Wenhai , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping
Published: August 2023

High‐quality few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes are very important for applications and are necessary for clarifying their physicochemical properties. However, the difficulty in etching for themselves and the existence of MC/MC1−δ and M‐Al alloy impurities in their M4AlC3 precursors seriously hinder the achievement of defect‐free few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes nanosheets. Herein, three different defect‐free few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanosheets are obtained by using a universal synthesis strategy of calcination, selective etching, intercalation, and exfoliation. Comprehensive characterizations confirm their defect‐free few‐layer structure feature, large interlayer spacing (1.702–1.955 nm), types of functional groups (–OH, –F, –O), and abundant valance states (M5+, M4+, M3+, M2+, M0). M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) free‐standing films obtained by vacuum filtration of few‐layer M4C3Tx inks show good hydrophilia, high thermostability, and conductivity. A roadmap on synthesis of defect‐free few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanosheets are proposed and three key points are summarized. This work provides detailed guidelines for the synthesis of other defect‐free few‐layer MXenes nanosheets, but also will stimulate extensive functional explorations for M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes nanosheets in the future.
Rank‐based data synthesis of heterogeneous trials to identify the effects of climatic factors on the reaction of Musa genotypes to black leaf streak disease
Authors: Brown David , de Bruin Sytze , de Sousa Kauê , Abadie Catherine , Carpentier Sebastien , Machida Lewis , van Etten Jacob
Published: August 2023

Synthesis of crop trial data can generate insights that are not available from the analysis of individual studies, but such synthesis is often constrained by the heterogeneity of data among studies. Rank‐based data synthesis provides the flexibility to combine data of heterogeneous types and from different sources. We demonstrate the application of rank‐based data synthesis of heterogeneous trial data to assess the effect of climatic factors on the reaction of several Musa genotypes to black leaf streak disease (BLSD; caused by Pseudocercospora fijiensis [sexual morph: Mycosphaerella fijiensis]). We aggregated data from the main public repositories of Musa trial data. We applied model‐based recursive partitioning with the Plackett–Luce model, using climatic data as covariates. The model identified the maximum length of the dry spell as the main variable influencing differences in genotypic response to BLSD, dividing the aggregated trial dataset into humid and dry environments. We found differences in the reaction of genotypes to BLSD between these environments. In humid environments, NARITA 8 was found to be the most resistant genotype, while in dry environments FHIA‐01 was the best performing improved genotype. We also assessed reliability, which is the probability of outperforming the reference genotype (Calcutta 4). In humid environments, NARITA 2, NARITA 8, and FHIA‐01 had the highest reliability, while in dry environments only the landrace Saba surpassed 50% reliability. The information generated by our data synthesis approach supports selecting Musa genotypes for further evaluations at new locations.