bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Система територіального управління соціалістичної Чехословаччини: між формалізмом і централізацією
Authors: Демура Юлія
Published: July 2024

Актуальність. Розгляд децентралізаційних процесів у постсоціалістичних країнах Центральної Європи залишається актуальною проблематикою державного будівництва сучасної України. Особливо у контексті перебігу реформи децентралізації публічного управління останніх десяти років.
Метою  дослідження є пояснити модель терторіального управління соціалістичної Чехословаччини. Визначення специфіки організації територіального управління у період чехословацького «розвиненого/реального соціалізму» дозволить пояснити інституційні передумови реформи децентралізації у транзитивний період (2000-і рр.).
Результати. Основними процедурними складовими соціалістичної моделі територіального управління у Чехословаччині стали формалізм та централізація. Неспроможність територіального управління визначалась через шість інституційних ознак: а) відсутність виборчих процедур на місцях; б) залежність терторіальних органів від Комуністичної партії; в) гіпер-централізація державного управління; г) відсутність фіскальної автономії у регіонах; д) «демократичний централізм» та е) вертикальне управління. У соціалістичній Чехословаччині система територіального управління пройшла чотири основні етапи становлення: 1) перехідний етап (1948–1954 рр.); 2) інституційний етап (1954–1960 рр.); 3) етап модернізації (1960–1989 рр.); 4) пре-транзитивний етап (1989–1990 рр.). На кожному з етапів реформування територіальне управління ставало ще більш залежним від централізованої влади та монопартійної комуністичної системи.
Висновки. Система територіального управління у соціалістичній Чехословаччині відповідала вимогам і стандартам соціалістичної автократії. Трирівнева система управління (регіони – райони – муніципалітет) позначалась високим рівнем політизації, відсутністю адміністративних повноважень та максимальним рівнем централізації.
Якість надання адміністративних послуг як показник ефективності публічного управління в Україні
Authors: Прокопенко Сергій
Published: July 2024

У сучасній Україні якість надання адміністративних послуг є критичним показником ефективності публічного управління. Враховуючи зростаючі очікування громадян та вимоги до прозорості, ефективності та доступності адміністративних послуг, підвищення їхньої якості стає необхідністю для зміцнення довіри до державних інститутів та покращення соціально-економічного розвитку. Незважаючи на прогрес у реформуванні адміністративних послуг, в Україні існують значні проблеми, включаючи бюрократичні перепони, недостатню інтеграцію електронних систем та низький рівень обслуговування громадян, що призводить до незадоволення громадян, уповільнює процеси надання послуг і негативно впливає на ефективність публічного управління. Метою дослідження є визначити та проаналізувати ключові фактори, що впливають на якість надання адміністративних послуг в Україні, а також розробити рекомендації для підвищення ефективності їх надання на основі кращих вітчизняних та міжнародних практик. Об’єктом дослідження є система надання адміністративних послуг в Україні. Предметом дослідження є якість надання послуг як показник ефективності публічного управління, з акцентом на технологічні, організаційні та людські аспекти. У досліджені використовуються методи оцінки: кількісний аналіз, якісний аналіз, порівняльний аналіз, аналіз документів та регламентів. У представленій роботі автор виконав наступі завдання: проведено системний аналіз поточного стану якості надання адміністративних послуг в Україні, виявлено основні проблеми, що заважають підвищенню якості послуг, проведено аналіз найкращих практик із забезпечення якості адміністративних послуг на міжнародному рівні та розроблено рекомендації для покращення якості надання адміністративних послуг в Україні. Результати дослідження свідчать про необхідність інтеграції сучасних цифрових технологій, підвищення кваліфікації персоналу, розширення практик електронного урядування та поліпшення системи моніторингу якості послуг. Запровадження систем електронного документообігу, автоматизації процесів та єдиних стандартів надання послуг значно підвищить ефективність публічного управління.
Protection of Civilians and Treatment of Prisoners during War are at Stake: A Comparative Study
Authors: Houmine Mohammed
Published: July 2024

The atrocities of Israel's aggression perpetrated from 07 October 2023 on the civilian population and the treatment of prisoners of war shocked the world. Western governments have encouraged Israel to continue its tyranny. Many other governments around the world preferred to remain silent despite the presence of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). This has led to a re-launch of the debate on the credibility of IHL and the positioning of International Islamic Humanitarian Law (IIHL) on the world stage. The aim of this study is therefore to compare IHL and IIHL, from a theoretical and practical point of view, in the field of the protection of civilians during war and the treatment of prisoners of war. To do this, we opted for a comparative approach between these two components, both conceptually and functionally. This approach focused, on the one hand, on the main sources of the Sharia, the Quran and the Sunnah, as well as on the opinions of Muslim scholars (ulamas), supported by concrete examples of the application of Islamic norms by the Prophet and the Rashidoun caliphs. On the other hand, it also examined all the conventions, treaties and other documents that constitute the sources of the IHL. From a theoretical point of view, the results showed that there are many similarities between the two laws. In practical terms, however, the IIHL stands out for its concrete form and effective application. These observations led us to recommend that the current world order be rethought in view of the juxtaposition of the IIHL and IHL rules.
Apresentação do Dossiê: Epistemologia das Ciências Sociais da Religião
Authors: De Franco Clarissa , Camurça Marcelo
Published: July 2024

O dossiê: Epistemologia das Ciências Sociais da Religião, fruto dos debates realizados na XXIV Semanas de Estudos de Religião da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, aborda temáticas centrais do debate epistemológico que envolve o grande campo de religião, sociedade e cultura. Ele traz reflexões que caracterizam a constituição e consolidação da disciplina de Ciência(s) da(s) Religião(ões), além de teorias emergentes como os debates decoloniais para pensar uma decolonização da área. O dossiê também é composto por outros temas relevantes nos debates acerca das dinâmicas socioculturais contemporâneas, como a discussão do sagrado que fundamenta a ética capitalista; as relações entre religião e gênero, adentrando o debate político; aspectos da religiosidade popular que envolvem saúde; e a discussão sobre liberdade religiosa no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19.
“As máquinas desejantes do povo” - Apontamentos sobre a religiosidade popular a partir de Luís da Câmara Cascudo, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari
Authors: Catenaci Giovanni Felipe
Published: July 2024

Este texto tem por objetivo compreender alguns aspectos da religiosidade popular brasileira, tal como pensados por Luís da Câmara Cascudo, a luz dos apontamentos realizados por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, acerca do inconsciente. A partir de uma abordagem radicalmente crítica da psicanálise, a dupla de filósofos franceses, trouxe importantes contribuições à área dos estudos da subjetividade. Lançando mão destes referenciais teóricos, mais especificamente ao que se refere aos conceitos de sínteses e máquinas do inconsciente – termos presente na obra intitulada O Anti-Édipo de 1972 -, vamos em busca de pensar a “religião no povo” de Cascudo.
A República Hebraica: Lei Orgânica do Estado Hebreu
Authors: Correia Fábio Barbosa
Published: July 2024

WINES. Enoch Cobb. A República Hebraica: Lei Orgânica do Estado Hebreu. 2 ed. Trad: Inez augusto Borges. São Paulo: Inez A.Borges Consultoria Educacional, 2019 [1852]. 344p.
WINES Enoch Cobb. The Hebrew Republic: Organic Law of the Hebrew State. 2nd ed. Trans: Inez Augusto Borges. São Paulo: Inez A.Borges Consultoria Educacional, 2019 [1852]. 344p.
WINES, Enoch Cobb. La República Hebrea: Ley Orgánica del Estado Hebreo. 2ª ed. Trad: Inés Augusto Borges. São Paulo: Inez A. Borges Consultoría Educacional, 2019 [1852]. 344p.
O selo cultural da ternura na “arte de curar”
Authors: Ricetti Simoni Maria Teixeira , Fretto Luís , Fraiz Ipojucan Calixto , Souza Waldir
Published: July 2024

Os desafios que se apresentam no século XXI, demandam uma transformação paradigmática do profissionalismo em saúde correspondente à dimensão humana da espiritualidade. Os tempos líquidos favorecem o constante processo de coisificação do ser humano, dificultando o fortalecimento do vínculo nas relações interpessoais, impossibilitando assim, seguir rumo à humanização. Mesmo com os avanços da medicina e das ciências biotecnológicas, perdeu-se a “arte de curar”. O processo de “cuidar para curar” tem significado de presença dialogal, que envolve ciência, técnica, intuição e sensibilidade. Espera-se que o selo de uma cultura expressa pela ternura revele o perfil humano do profissional em saúde, através do exercício do cuidar e da cura, sentida como arte. Nesta pesquisa aplicou-se o método dedutivo, através de uma metodologia qualitativa-bibliográfica.
Pode o binômio religiosidade/espiritualidade afetar a saúde física dos idosos? Uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Petter Jobe , Gomes Lucy Oliveira , Muniz Monique Karen Teles , Alves Vicente Paulo
Published: July 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo identificar pesquisas que mostram a relação entre Religiosidade e Espiritualidade (R/E) e os marcadores de saúde. O método utilizado foi a revisão de escopo com artigos publicados nos últimos 05 anos, em inglês, espanhol e português. Os resultados retornaram 978 publicações, das quais 10 permaneceram após as etapas de seleção. Grande parte dos achados mostraram evidências demonstradas no entendimento do papel da R/E em relação a saúde física dos idosos, sejam elas positivas ou negativas. Concluiu-se que há uma incipiência e falta de conhecimento dos mecanismos de influência de R/E sobre o corpo biológico, embora se reconheça sua influência.
Green synthesis of nanostructured 1T/2H-MoS2 hybrid phase with polyol solvents and microwave heating
Authors: Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet , Vuong Vinh Dat , Nguyen Huu Huy Phuc , Le Van Thang
Published: July 2024

Green synthesis approaches have attracted greatly of attention in recent years since they address the issues associated with sustainability than conventional synthesis methods. New research fields in green nanoscience are being developed as a result of the incorporation of green chemistry principles into nanoscience. In this paper, the successful microwave-assisted green synthesis of MoS2 nanoparticles in a single pot using polyol solvents such as ethylene glycol and glycerol is demonstrated. The coexistence of 1T and 2H phases in MoS2 nanomaterials was determined using advanced techniques such as XRD, Raman, XPS, and TEM images. The highest 1T proportion obtained was 84.5% when compared to the 2H phase. The reaction mechanism and the phase transition between 1T and 2H were described and illustrated. The role of polyol solvents in the practical synthesis of nano MoS2 under microwave heating is also evaluated and explained. Due to the ability of the metallic 1T phase to enhance electrical conductivity, it is believed that hybrid nanostructures exhibit superior electrochemical performance for energy storage and conversion applications.
Zinc Oxide/Polypyrrole particle-decorated rod structure for NO2 detection at low temperature
Authors: Thanh Dong Vu , Tien Hung Pham , Duc Anh Le , Quoc Vuong Ly , Duy Khanh Dang , Thi Huong Nguyen
Published: July 2024

In this study, Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with a size of about 50 - 70 nm were green-synthesized using tea leaves and ZnO/Polypyrrole (ZnO/Ppy) nanocomposites were obtained by ultrasonic-assisted chemical polymerization method using pyrrole monomer and the nanoparticles. The characterization of the materials is conducted using several analytical techniques, including Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Ultraviolet visible spectrum (UV-Vis).
The synthesized PPy material exhibits have a rod-shaped structure, diameter ranging from 100 to 200 nm. The ZnO/PPy nanocomposite system, consisting of PPy rods surrounded by ZnO particles. The gas sensing characteristics of the materials have also been investigated by measuring their sensitivity, response time, and stability to NO2 at low temperature and different humidity. Notably, the material exhibits considerable sensitivity to NO2 gas at low temperatures and the parameters related to response and recovery times are relatively rapid. Furthermore, a potential gas-sensing mechanism based on changes in the width of the depletion region is proposed.
Symbolic Task Inference in Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Hasanbeig Hosein , Jeppu Natasha Yogananda , Abate Alessandro , Melham Tom , Kroening Daniel
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes DeepSynth, a method for effective training of deep reinforcement learning agents when the reward is sparse or non-Markovian, but at the same time progress towards the reward requires achieving an unknown sequence of high-level objectives. Our method employs a novel algorithm for synthesis of compact finite state automata to uncover this sequential structure automatically. We synthesise a human-interpretable automaton from trace data collected by exploring the environment. The state space of the environment is then enriched with the synthesised automaton, so that the generation of a control policy by deep reinforcement learning is guided by the discovered structure encoded in the automaton. The proposed approach is able to cope with both high-dimensional, low-level features and unknown sparse or non-Markovian rewards. We have evaluated DeepSynth’s performance in a set of experiments that includes the Atari game Montezuma’s Revenge, known to be challenging. Compared to approaches that rely solely on deep reinforcement learning, we obtain a reduction of two orders of magnitude in the iterations required for policy synthesis, and a significant improvement in scalability.
Formation of build-up in a cement kiln preheater: qualitative and quantitative mineral characterisation
Authors: Belgacem Sahar , Galai Haykel
Published: July 2024

Extracting more information about the reactions and parameters governing the formation of build-up in the preheater systems of clinker burning lines could be an efficient way of better attenuating build-up formation. In order to control the appearance of build-up, diagnosis steps of mineralogical analysis application for process optimisation (MAA-PO) are suggested. Mineralogical characterisation was carried out on three samples taken from different layers of the same build-up. Qualitative and quantitative X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that ternesite is the key mineralogical phase responsible for the growth and consolidation of build-up. Its appearance is governed by solid–solid reactions promoted by the available sulfate liquid phases, mainly calciolangbeinite, as well as C12A7 and C4AF. The hot-powder calcination degree, amount of sulfur trioxide, lime saturation factor, silica ratio and alumina ratio are the operational data that were correlated to the mineralogical analysis of build-up. Based on this correlation, it is possible to predict the reaction kinetics involved in each layer formation and to estimate the development time of each. The results showed that MAA-OP is a promising novel approach to optimise the process parameters in clinker production.
Application of biomineralisation for enhancement of interfacial properties of rice husk ash blended concrete
Authors: Junwale Rishabh , Latkar Madhuwanti
Published: July 2024

The present study is comprehensive research on application of biocementation to enhance the properties of concrete including rice husk ash (RHA) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). RHA has a large potential to be used as SCM because it has high silica content which eventually forms C–S–H gel by reacting with calcium and water, which increases strength of the cementitious material. However, using high doses of RHA causes a decrease in concrete strength because excessive silica is available to react with calcium hydroxide, forming silica clumps within the concrete matrix, which reduce the bonds within the concrete constituents causing micro cracks. Hence to mitigate this problem, enzyme induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICCP) process was used to treat the micro cracks, and enhance the mechanical and durability properties of RHA blended concrete. Results showed that EICCP process enhanced the strength of the mix at each replacement level and 10% replacement level exhibited optimum results. with nearly 29% increment in compressive strength. This mix also exhibited enhanced durability as compared to the control specimens. Since concrete constitutes a significant portion of embodied carbon footprint, using greener concrete mixes like “Experimental Mix” has the potential to considerably decrease the carbon footprint of construction.
Literary Criticism Methods in National and Cultural Structure
Authors: Doğramacıoğlu Hüseyin
Published: July 2024

Criticism stands as a much debated concept today. Although there is not a standard method that is used by everyone, there are different approaches to criticism. In this study, Turkish criticism was examined in two categories as the Ottoman and modern Republic of Turkey. It is seen that criticism methods are different in these periods. In the Ottoman period, criticism was made by the palace poets. In this period, there was a method of criticism different from the western critique and based entirely on Ottoman culture. Turkish literature, which met the Modern West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, develops and progresses very differently than before. Turkish criticism changes in this process. The criticisms and new approaches applied in Turkish culture and art are listed in this study. Critical methods varying from culture to culture and its reflections in Turkish literature are examined in this article. In addition to these, criticism theories were examined and criticism theories valid in the world today were reviewed. In addition, the relation of criticism with the science of history is emphasized. Additionally, the discussions on criticism are listed in this study.
El Poder de la decisión: más que una simple elección
Authors: Ensuncho Hoyos Carlos
Published: July 2024

El presente texto reflexiona de manera general sobre el poder en la toma de decisiones de los seres humanos, analizando desde las ciencias cognitivas, y en especial desde la neurociencia y la psicología las bases neurales y conductuales que influyen en la conciencia a la hora de tomar decisiones. De la misma manera, se hace una aproximación neurobiológica de los principales atajos mentales que influyen en el humano a la hora de tomar una decisión.
Percepción de la atención primaria y experiencia del médico en el SERUMS. Análisis del 2013 al 2023
Authors: Villanueva-Arequipeño Tomy
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Explorar las diferencias en la percepción acerca de la atención primaria en médicos, que hayan realizado su SERUMS entre el 2013 al 2023, según sus características sociodemográficas. Metodología: Se aplicó un instrumento en una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 101 médicos, el instrumento se compuso de tres secciones: consentimiento informado, preguntas sociodemográficas y el cuestionario de percepción de atención primaria. Tras ello, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y se examinaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas según características sociodemográficas. Resultados: Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas según universidad de formación, procedencia y año de realización del SERUMS. Conclusión: Es preciso indicar que las autoridades sanitarias deben canalizar políticas y estrategias que mejoren la experiencia del SERUMS desde el marco institucional de la atención primaria de calidad considerando las características propias del médico peruano.
CTHRC1 is associated with BRAF(V600E) mutation and correlates with prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and drug resistance in colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma
Authors: Zhang Rumeng , Wang Zhihao , Wang Huan , Li Lin , Dong Lin , Ding Lin , Li Qiushuang , Zhu Linyan , Zhang Tiantian , Zhu Yong , Ding Keshuo
Published: July 2024

Colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma are common malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health globally. The B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF)(V600E) mutation is an important driver gene mutation in these cancer types. In this study, we identified that collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) expression was associated with the BRAF(V600E) mutation in colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma. Based on database analysis and clinical tissue studies, CTHRC1 was verified to correlate with poor prognosis and worse clinicopathological features in colon cancer and thyroid cancer patients, but not in patients with melanoma. Several signaling pathways, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy markers were associated with CTHRC1 expression. Additionally, a high level of CTHRC1 was correlated with decreased sensitivity to antitumor drugs (vemurafenib, PLX-4720, dabrafenib, and SB-590885) targeting the BRAF(V600E) mutation. This study provides evidence of a significant correlation between CTHRC1 and the BRAF(V600E) mutation, suggesting its potential utility as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in human colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma.
Surreptitious Baclofen Causing Delirium in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yehudis Michell , Meyer Lifschitz
Published: July 2024

Case report of a patient taking Baclofen regularly. When he developed kidney failure, Baclofen toxicity, as manifested by a gradual onset of delirium, developed. Only after dialysis was started, and improvement of his delirium occurred following dialysis led to a search of possible dialyzable medicines and Baclofin was found in his home medicines he regularly took. Baclofen neurotoxicity in dialysis patients is regularly recognized, but this seems to be the first report of a patient chronically on Baclofen developing neurotoxicity when renal failure developed.
BAF_S05_Plate Reader SpectraMax iD3 v1
Authors: Sherman Nicholas
Published: July 2024

Standard operation of the SpectraMax iD3 plate reader.
Penilaian Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Kota Bandung pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nugraha Haris Santosa , Mulyati Yeti , Damaianti Vismaia S
Published: July 2024

This study aims to describe the process of assessing Indonesian language learning in the city of Bandung during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is a descriptive method of the Indonesian language learning assessment process. The research subjects were Indonesian high school teachers in the city of Bandung who were selected through a random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire, observation, and interview techniques which were analyzed through the stages of reduction, display, and conclusion of the data. The results of this study describe three things as follows. First, during the pandemic, the assessment of Indonesian high school learning in Bandung City has implemented an assessment of Indonesian learning by utilizing digital technology. Second, the role of digital technology in assessment during this pandemic is very large so that Indonesian language learning in Bandung City can continue to run either as a supplement, complement, or substitution. Third, the ability of teachers to use digital technology in the assessment is quite good, supported by expertise in understanding and using digital technology, both hardware, software, and networks. Fourth, the assessment technique is carried out by utilizing digital technology in both knowledge test techniques and skills tests. Fifth, the problems that arise during the assessment of Indonesian language learning during the pandemic include the teacher paradigm in conducting online assessments, the ability of educators to utilize technology, and the limitations of online learning equipment.
Managing Online Classes in The Covid-19: Pre-Service Language Teachers’ Perceptions
Authors: Nurjamin Asep , Fajriah Yustika Nur , Nurjamin Lucky Rahayu
Published: July 2024

The shifting of offline to online classroom during Covid-19 Outbreak arose classroom management issues, especially in rural areas. From that point, this study aims to investigate pre-service language teachers’ perceptions on managing online classrooms.  Those respondents were five third graders in a university in Garut, West Java who were conducting pre-service teaching programs.  To achieve the goal of this study, qualitative research in the form of a case study design was employed. The data were collected using semi-structured interview.  The data were then analyzed using Creswell ‘s inductive analysis framework (2012) framed by the theory of classroom management from (Simonsen at al, 2014). As the result, teachers viewed that having a good classroom management is a must. Yet, they still needed to upgrade their self-concept as the teachers, as well as knowledge and skills in managing online classes; paying attention on the classroom conduciveness, translating the lesson plan into online teaching practice, as well as considering the quantity and quality of the task. The practical implication of this study is that relevant trainings may be addressed to pre-service teachers before they came to schools. Specifically, those trainings should cover the self-concept of pre-service teachers regarding their pedagogical competences, technological literacy, as well as the belief as the prospective teachers at the very first place.
Symbolic Violence Toward the Main Character Bianca Pieper in The Script of The Movie The Duff (2015)
Authors: Priskawati Desi , Andanty Ferra Dian
Published: July 2024

This study aims to describe the symbolic violence experienced by Bianca Pieper and Bianca Pieper's response to symbolic violence. Symbolic violence is invisible violence because it is not physical violence. Symbolic violence is carried out by a person or group that dominates another class and results in a violent process. The problem is that Bianca Pieper, the main character in The Duff, experiences symbolic violence and how she responds to this symbolic violence. The method used to collect data is a movie script. Data analysis techniques carried out descriptively, then followed by conclusion. In conclusion, it shows that Bianca Pieper received symbolic violence from the people around her, such as her friends. In addition, the writer knows how Bianca reacted to the symbolic violence she experienced.
Gerald's Emotional State in The Last Wish
Authors: Agustiana Vina , Rahmatunisa Wulan , Nuruliya Shifa
Published: July 2024

Psychology is a general concept that every human being possesses. Using Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory, this study investigates the types of Psychological Aspects found in Geralt, the main character in Andrzej Sapkowski's novel "The Witcher: The Last Wish" (Id, Ego, and Superego). The researcher used the qualitative method and a case study design to achieve the research goal. The data is gathered through document analysis in the form of the main character's utterances. The researcher discovered 806 data from Geralt's utterances, with 149 data (18.48%) included the Psychological Aspects. According to the findings, 34 data were assigned to the Id (22.81%), 40 data were assigned to the Ego (26.84%), and 75 data were assigned to the Superego (50.33%). The most noticeable Psychological Aspect of Geralt's character is Superego. The superego is the component of personality acquired from one's parents, and society includes the values and morals of society learned from one's parents and others. According to the story, Geralt has been an orphan since he was a child and has survived to grow up on his own.
“Es un espíritu que se apodera en el lugar”. Relatos de tradición oral maya de Hermilo Caamal Couoh
Authors: Granados Vázquez Berenice Araceli , Luna Calderón Mariana
Published: July 2024

The material presented here is an interview with Hermilo Caamal Couoh, a Mayan speaker who lives in Cobá, a farmer and chiclero by trade. It was documented on July 12, 2013, by Santiago Cortés Hernández and Berenice Araceli Granados Vázquez. This material constitutes one of the documents stored in the Repositorio Nacional de Materiales Orales richest in information about the oral tradition of the Mayan peoples and their worldview. Caamal Couoh tells a series of stories about numinous entities that inhabit the spaces of the jungle, the cornfield, the mountains, the town, the thoughts and behaviors of men and women of the past and present, as well as the rituals for “negotiate with them.” He also talks about the history of the founding of his town and the surrounding archaeological zone. Caamal Couoh's interview constitutes a valuable discursive unit of knowledge, which is important to analyze in its entirety, since only then does the cultural mechanism that activates the narrator's thinking and that affects all areas of his life become visible.
SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSES OF PROFESSOR FLORIJ BATSEVYCH
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, NIKA Oksana , SAZONOVA Yaroslava ,   H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The article outlines the main research ideas of Professor Florij Batsevych, which have become relevant in modern communicative studies, linguistic pragmatics, and linguistic narratology. The analysis is made in accord with the main spheres of Professor’s studies: the research of estranged artistic texts, literary prosaic texts of Ukrainian and foreign authors, oral speech and memorata, research on text theory and textdiscursive categories, and discursive markers. The authors of the article focus on the integrity of the linguist’s scientific conception, which is manifested in the interrelationships of the multifaceted research on text, discourse, speech genre, in the development of new scientific directions in linguistics, and the search for scientific perspectives. Prospective innovations in Florij Batsevych’s scientific output, which represent the study of language/speech in the communicative-cognitive paradigm, are analyzed and reveal the linguist’s own theoretical views and their practical implementation on various language material. Among other Professor’s ideas, it is worth mentioning the development of deviatology as a linguistic-pragmatic sub-discipline, keen interest to texts created in altered states of consciousness, absurd texts, texts as the reflection of some traumatic experience, family communication, etc.; particular attention is paid to minor but important elements of discursive-pragmatic speech organization (e.g., particles, which he classifies as discourse markers) because classical structuralist approach to their investigation, in F. Batsevych’s point of view, does not reveal all the value of these components in the creation of new senses. The authors conclude that the specificity of Professor’s scientific output lies in the nature of his view on language and its research – anthropocentricity and humanism.
Figurity of the Text: Poetic and Pragmatics of Stylistic Figures
Authors: SMUSHCHYNSKA Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The article examines the problem of the discursive dimension of stylistic figures, their poetics and pragmatics. Types of figures, functions, primarily aesthetic and persuasive, rhetorical potential, contexts of use are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the question of the matrices of the creation of a stylistic figure, on which the process of its identification is based. Emphasis is placed on the expressive influence, “rhetorical power” of stylistic figures, a conclusion is drawn about their subordination to the expression of the artistic dominants of the work, primarily the artistic referent, the author’s modality and the reader’s expressiveness. Depending on this, the figure can be dictum, modus, dictum-modus or purely rhetorical, in addition to the narrative or descriptive type. The term “figurative frame” is introduced to convey the interdependence and contamination of figures in an artistic context, primarily of the metaphorical-metonymic type. The features of use and the factors affecting it are analyzed. The aesthetics of the figure as such depends on the distance of the figures, the basis of the conceptual conflict, their imagery and harmony, and their coherence. At the heart of this problem is the theory of figures proposed by Mark Bonhomme. Special attention is paid to the reader’s perception of figures. The main processes of interpreting a figure as a discursive construction are determined by the identification of the figure, its activation, contextualization, and expressive effect on the reader. It is concluded that figurativeness as a sign of a stylistic figure depends on a certain matrix that defines the figure and allows it to be interpreted by the reader, the communicative plan with the modality of the author, the conditions of the context taking into account the contamination of figures and the features of the reader’s rhetorical and encyclopedic competences.
Characteristics of ammonia combustion and modern studies of combustion stabilization
Authors: Dementiev Alexander A. , Telpiz Egor V. , Rybachuk Vladislav G.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The paper addresses the issues of ammonia combustion, such as ignition difficulties, low combustion stability, and high NOx emissions. The importance of understanding the basic characteristics of ammonia combustion is emphasized, the existing stabilization technologies are reviewed.
AIM: Analysis of the aspects of ammonia combustion stability in various types of engines and necessity for further research in the field of using ammonia as a fuel.
METHODS: Various methods are applied, including visual flame analysis, ignition delay analysis, emission characteristics studies, heat transfer improvement methods such as high oxygen pressure, and external assistive technologies, including plasma.
RESULTS: The study presents comprehensive results on the characteristics of ammonia combustion. It includes a detailed analysis of flame behavior, ignition delay, and emission profiles. The effectiveness of different fuel mixtures and combustion conditions to improve the stability and efficiency of ammonia combustion is also explored.
CONCLUSIONS: The paper highlights prospects and challenges in using ammonia as a fuel source. The importance of further research and development in the field of ammonia combustion technologies is emphasized, especially in the context of achieving carbon neutrality and adapting to various application scenarios.
Life and legacy of Yakov Lvovich Rapoport (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Mnikhovich Maxim V. , Akhsanova Polina A. , Shiripenko Ivan A. , Bezuglova Tatyana V. , Procenko Dmitry D. , Lozina Milena V. , Gromov Pavel O. , Ostanin Oleg E.
Published: July 2024

2023 marks the 125th anniversary of the birth of Yakov Lvovich Rapoport, an outstanding Soviet pathologist, and professor who made a significant contribution to the development of medical science and left an important mark on literature and history with his frank memoirs about the “Doctors’ Plot” of 1953. The authors analyze the works of Ya.L. Rapoport, who devoted to the study of immunopathological processes in the human body, pathomorphosis, and two cardiomyopathies. The contribution of Ya.L. Rapoport to the development of new methods for diagnosing various diseases and the creation of advanced approaches to the study of pathological processes are described. Separately, the article describes the turning points in the scientist’s life. The early years of Ya.L. Rapoport’s life are interesting because of the choice between a creative career and medicine. In addition, his participation in the Great Patriotic War left a significant imprint on his life and career.
Desempeño de un reactor anaerobio de manto de lodos y flujo ascendente para tratamiento de aguas residuales hospitalarias en Colombia: Estudio preliminar
Authors: Rodriguez Tatiana , Rueda Bayona Juan Gabriel
Published: July 2024

Introducción— Las aguas residuales hospitalarias son consideradas peligrosas y dañinas para el medio ambiente y la salud pública, lo que exige la utilización de sistemas de tratamiento adecuados para controlar los contaminantes en ellas.
Objetivos— Este estudio evaluó el desempeño de un reactor anaerobio de Manto de Lodos y Flujo Ascendente (UASB) para tratar Aguas Residuales Hospitalarias reales (HMC).
Metodología— El reactor operó durante 145 días variando los valores de la Carga Orgánica Volumétrica (COV).
Resultados— Los resultados mostraron que para valores medios de carga de 0.950 Kg DQO/m3 ∙ d la eficiencia de remoción de materia orgánica fue 59% ± 14%, sin embargo, el proceso fue inestable y mostró una baja producción de gas metano.
Conclusiones— Como resultado, esta investigación encontró que el reactor convencional tipo UASB no es una tecnología de tratamiento confiable y adecuada para el tratamiento de materia orgánica presente en las aguas residuales de los hospitales.
Análisis numérico del comportamiento térmico de un freno de disco automotriz tipo naca
Authors: García León Ricardo Andrés , Guerrero Gómez Gustavo , Acevedo Peñaloza Carlos
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El sistema de frenado de un automóvil debe trabajar en forma segura y predecible en cualquier circunstancia, lo cual implica disponer de un nivel estable de fricción, en cualquier condición de temperatura, humedad y salinidad del medio ambiente. Para un correcto diseño y operación de los discos de freno, es necesario considerar diferentes aspectos, tales como la geometría, el tipo de material, la resistencia mecánica, la temperatura máxima, la deformación térmica, la resistencia al agrietamiento, entre otros.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el comportamiento de la temperatura y la velocidad de flujo de calor en el conducto de ventilación de un freno de disco automotriz con pilares de ventilación tipo NACA 66-29 utilizando la dinámica de fluidos computacional (CFD).
Metodología: Se utilizó el  software de diseño SolidWorks Simulations para analizar el comportamiento del fluido (aire) en términos de velocidad y capacidad de disipación de calor.
Resultados: Los resultados numéricos para el flujo de calor a través de los canales de ventilación se compararon con los resultados obtenidos matemáticamente. Los resultados numéricos mostraron que los discos se desempeñaron bien bajo condiciones de operación severas (80 km/h y una temperatura ambiente de 12°C). Es muy importante en el diseño del disco de freno seleccionar la geometría apropiada, particularmente el número y la sección transversal de los conductos, y el tipo de material.
Conclusiones: Los métodos numéricos ofrecen ventajas para seleccionar la geometría y el material y para modelar el flujo de fluido para optimizar la disipación de calor para proporcionar el máximo rendimiento para componentes adecuadamente mantenidos.
Cálculo del coeficiente de capacidad de disipación de energía en pórticos regulares de concreto reforzado con diferente altura, para una zona de amenaza sísmica alta.
Authors: Nebrijo Ramos Javier Alberto , Menza Calambás Yessica M.
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El coeficiente de capacidad de disipación de energía (R) es un parámetro determinante en el diseño sismo-resistente. Este parámetro representa la cantidad de energía que puede disipar una estructura mediante sus deformaciones inelásticas, de modo que permite reducir las fuerzas sísmicas para el diseño de una estructura. En los códigos de diseño se presentan valores para dicho coeficiente R según el sistema estructural y el material de los elementos estructurales, pero en ninguno de los casos se considera el comportamiento dinámico de una estructura para seleccionar su valor.
Objetivo: Calcular y verificar el valor del coeficiente R para sistemas aporticados de concreto reforzado de baja, mediana y gran altura.
Metodología: Para obtener los resultados de esta investigación se utilizó un método cuantitativo.  Se analizaron sistemas aporticados en el campo no-lineal e inelástico, conociendo las propiedades plásticas de las secciones a través de los diagramas momento vs. curvatura.  Estos diagramas fueron obtenidos por métodos analíticos y usando el programa XTRAC. Luego, con un análisis estático no-lineal se obtuvo la curva de capacidad, y usando del método del espectro de capacidad, el método NEHRP y el método de Newmark y Veletsos, se calculó el coeficiente R.
Resultados: Se obtuvo el coeficiente R para pórticos con características dinámicas diferentes, encontrando dependencia entre el valor de R con el periodo de vibración de cada pórtico modelado.  
Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos permiten cuestionar la selección del valor del coeficiente R con los valores sugeridos en los códigos de diseño. Se concluye que para sistemas aporticados en concreto reforzado de baja altura (periodos de vibración bajos) el valor de R puede ser menor que el sugerido para este tipo de estructuras. Y en las estructuras con altos periodos de vibración pueden obtenerse mayores coeficientes R.
Symbiosis of mycorrhizal fungi with Rubus spp., in four farms of the municipality of Pamplona, Norte de Santander
Authors: Rodriguez Rincón Francisco , Castellanos Gonzalez Leonides , Becerra Caicedo Ana Adelaida , Leal Montes Leidy Yohana
Published: July 2024

Introduction− The blackberry crop is part of the prioritized productive chains in Norte of Santander, however, there are no research results on the benefits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and the level of natural colonization of these with Rubus sp.
Objective− To determine the levels of colonization and mycorrhization of AMF in commercial varieties of blackberry and wild species of Rubus sp. in areas of the municipality of Pamplona Norte de Santander
Methodology− This work was carried out in the Sabaneta Baja, Sabaneta Alta and San Francisco veredas of the municipality of Pamplona, sampling four farms. Root samples were collected from commercial blackberry crops and neighboring wild species to evaluate the percentage of colonization and mycorrhization by AMF. ANOVAS were carried out using the SPSS statistical package.
Results− High levels of AMF symbiosis were found in the three commercial varieties of blackberry (colonization between 92 to 98%) and in the three species of Rubus sp. (colonization between 71 to 84%), as well as the presence of mycorrhizal structures of AMF in blackberry varieties and native species.
Conclusions− The biological variables of the AMF did not vary statistically between the commercial varieties, or wild species, but did between the different farms and in the variety x farm interaction for the commercial varieties. The biological variables of the AMF in the commercial varieties differed from the wild species located on the same farm.
High volume fly ash concrete activated with naoh, sodium sulfate and limestone.
Authors: Carreño Dimelsa Salazar , García Cáceres Rafael Guillermo , Santa Alejandra
Published: July 2024

High amounts of fly ash generated as a by-product of coal combustion in thermal power generation plants have been a concern for years due to their negative environmental impact; in Colombia, for example, this fly ash represents 6,000,000 tons per year. The use of this material in industrial processes is among the many solutions proposed, provided that it has pozzolanic properties useful in cement and concrete industries. The aim of this study is evaluating concrete resistance to compression at different ages, replacing cement by fly ash of 40%, using alkaline activation with NaOH, Sodium Sulfate, and limestone in different proportions. The results show that activation improves fly ash performance and it is possible to achieve better mechanical properties than with mixtures without activation.
Metaheuristic algorithm for the construction of mixed covering arrays of different strength levels to be used in the design of black box software test cases
Authors: López Realpe Andrés Rodrigo , Muñoz Ordoñez Jorge Armando , Cobos Lozada Carlos
Published: July 2024

Introduction— Currently, software quality is a fundamental feature to ensure a space in the global market that day by day is more competitive and demanding. Software testing allows software developers to find and fix bugs and, thereby, raise the quality of their products. The cost of testing is now estimated at 50% of the total cost of software development, so it is necessary to find less expensive ways to ensure elevated levels of fault detection. In this scenario, black box tests play a key role; within these tests, combinatorial approaches are one of the best options. In combinatorial tests, test users must have a tool that provides them with the least number of test cases with the greatest coverage (failure detection) according to the parameters of the method (procedure, function, or other) that they want to test, and this is the main objective of this work.
Objective— This paper presents an algorithm that supports the generation of test cases in black box tests based on the creation of Mixed Covering Arrays (MCA). These fixes allow you to generate the smallest number of test cases required to test a unit of code with the highest required coverage. The proposed algorithm builds an initial solution based on a greedy algorithm and then improves this solution through an iterative process oriented by simulated annealing (metaheuristic algorithm).
Methodology— The research was conducted following the Iterative Research Pattern proposed by Pratt. First, the main problems reported in the state of the art for the construction of CSF were identified, then a review of the proposed solutions to these problems was performed. Then a first algorithm was created and then iteratively modified this algorithm, including, and removing components according to the experimental results of its operation. When the desired version was obtained, a process of refinement of parameters was performed and compared with the best results presented in the literature, results obtained by different algorithms.
Results— The proposed algorithm obtains MCAs that are competitive (on average 3 additional test cases) against the best reported in the state of the art in an abbreviated execution time, an aspect that is of special interest for software testers.
Conclusions— It was confirmed that the greedy and metaheuristic approach based on simulated annealing is a suitable alternative for the construction of a CSF. Neighboring solution construction algorithms are key to finding the required MCA in a shorter execution time.