bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined micro X-ray absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy to map phases of complex systems: the case of sphalerite
Authors: Marini Carlo , Rovira Anna Maria Diaz , Ramanan Nitya , Olszewski Wojciech , Joseph Boby , Simonelli Laura
Published: December 2019

Combining micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy (μXAS) and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF) is a promising approach for the investigation of complex multi-phase systems. In this work, we have employed this approach to investigate natural sphalerite, the most common form of Zinc Sulfide. Spatially resolved elemental distribution maps of common 3d metal atoms (Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, and Fe) are superimposed with chemical speciation and structural parameter maps in order to understand the sphaleriteore-formation process and metamorphosis. Chemical speciation and structural parameters have been obtained by analyzing the μXAS spectra collected in several representative points of the sample, after μXRF mapping. In the present case, this X-ray based approach has permitted to determine the spatial distribution of the Zn species in sphalerite. The presence of two main zincite and smithsonite inclusions has been established, with the latter located close to copper impurity center. Since copper is known to remarkably reduce the corrosion resistance of zinc, resulting in the formation of carbonate as the corrosion product, this implies a possible role of Cu in the growth of the carbonate inclusions. The results obtained highlight the efficiency of this method in univocally identifying the spatial distribution of phases in complex systems, thanks to the simultaneous access to complementary information.
A New Method to Reconstruct in 3D the Emission Position of the Prompt Gamma Rays following Proton Beam Irradiation
Authors: Panaino Costanza M. V. , Mackay Ranald I. , Kirkby Karen J. , Taylor Michael J.
Published: December 2019

A new technique for range verification in proton beam therapy has been developed. It is based on the detection of the prompt γ rays that are emitted naturally during the delivery of the treatment. A spectrometer comprising 16 LaBr3(Ce) detectors in a symmetrical configuration is employed to record the prompt γ rays emitted along the proton path. An algorithm has been developed that takes as inputs the LaBr3(Ce) detector signals and reconstructs the maximum γ-ray intensity peak position, in full 3 dimensions. For a spectrometer radius of 8 cm, which could accommodate a paediatric head and neck case, the prompt γ-ray origin can be determined from the width of the detected peak with a σ of 4.17 mm for a 180 MeV proton beam impinging a water phantom. For spectrometer radii of 15 and 25 cm to accommodate larger volumes this value increases to 5.65 and 6.36 mm. For a 8 cm radius, with a 5 and 10 mm undershoot, the σ is 4.31 and 5.47 mm. These uncertainties are comparable to the range uncertainties incorporated in treatment planning. This work represents the first step towards a new accurate, real-time, 3D range verification device for spot-scanning proton beam therapy.
Metabolic syndrome agravates cardiovascular, oxidative and inflammatory dysfunction during the acute phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice
Authors: Lucchetti Bruno Fernando Cruz , Boaretto Natalia , Lopes Fernanda Novi Cortegoso , Malvezi Aparecida Donizette , Lovo-Martins Maria Isabel , Tatakihara Vera Lúcia Hideko , Fattori Victor , Pereira Rito Santo , Verri Waldiceu Aparecido , de Almeida Araujo Eduardo Jose , Pinge-Filho Phileno , Martins-Pinge Marli Cardoso
Published: December 2019

We evaluated the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) on acuteTrypanosoma cruziinfection. Obese Swiss mice, 70 days of age, were subjected to intraperitoneal infection with 5 × 102trypomastigotes of the Y strain. Cardiovascular, oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic parameters were evaluated in infected and non-infected mice. We observed higher parasitaemia in the infected obese group (IOG) than in the infected control group (ICG) 13 and 15 days post-infection. All IOG animals died by 19 days post-infection (dpi), whereas 87.5% of the ICG survived to 30 days. Increased plasma nitrite levels in adipose tissue and the aorta were observed in the IOG. Higher INF-γand MCP-1 concentrations and lower IL-10 concentrations were observed in the IOG compared to those in the ICG. Decreased insulin sensitivity was observed in obese animals, which was accentuated after infection. Higher parasitic loads were found in adipose and hepatic tissue, and increases in oxidative stress in cardiac, hepatic, and adipose tissues were characteristics of the IOG group. Thus, MS exacerbates experimental Chagas disease, resulting in greater damage and decreased survival in infected animals, and might be a warning sign that MS can influence other pathologies.
First instance of settlement by cryopreserved coral larvae in symbiotic association with dinoflagellates
Authors: Cirino Luca , Wen Zhi-Hong , Hsieh Kevin , Huang Cheng-Liang , Leong Qi Lun , Wang Li-Hsueh , Chen Chii-Shiarng , Daly Jonathan , Tsai Sujune , Lin Chiahsin
Published: December 2019

Coral reefs are suffering on a global scale due to human impacts, thereby necessitating cryopreservation efforts. The objective of this study was to develop a suitable vitrification and laser warming protocol for larvae of the scleractinian coral Seriatopora caliendrum, which inherit their dinoflagellate algal symbionts vertically. Toxicity experiments were conducted with the cryoprotectants (CPAs) ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol (GLY), and methanol (METH; listed in order from least to most toxic), and larvae were subjected to vitrification and laser warming using 2 M EG + 1 M PG and 2 M EG + 1 M DMSO. Vitrification and laser warming (300 V, 10 ms pulse width, 2 mm beam diameter) using a vitrification solution of 2 M EG + 1 M PG, 40% w/v Ficoll, and 10% v/v gold nanobars (GNB) at a final concentration of 1.2 × 1018 GNB/mL and a characteristic wavelength of 535 nm resulted in larvae with vitality and settlement percentages of 55 and 9%, respectively. This represents the first successful instance of cryopreservation of coral larvae that proceeded to settle upon warming, and suggests that the vitrification and ultra-fast laser warming approach may be applicable to other threatened marine species.
Change of Detrusor Contractility in Patients with and without Bladder Outlet Obstruction at Ten or More Years of follow-up
Authors: Chen Sheng-Fu , Lee Cheng-Ling , Kuo Hann-Chorng
Published: December 2019

To analyze the change of detrusor contractility by investigating urodynamic characteristics with long term follow-up. This study retrospectively reviewed 166 lower urinary tract symptoms patients without bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and 63 patients with BOO who underwent repeated urodynamic studies at the first time and more than 10 years later. The urodynamic parameters, bladder contractility index (BCI), and BOO index (BOOI) were compared before and after. As time goes by, detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (PdetQmax) significantly decreased and post-void residual (PVR) volume significantly increased in both men and women. Full sensation, urge sensation, voided volume, and BCI significantly decreased. We also compared men with and without BOO, PdetQmax, maximum flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, and BCI all significantly decreased in both groups without difference. PVR increased greater in men with BOO after >10 years significantly (p = 0.036). Women with detrusor overactivity (DO) under antimuscarinic showed no significant BCI change compared to patients without DO (p = 0.228). Detrusor contractility decreases in men and women after >10 years of follow-up. However, this finding suggests that patients with BOO or DO under adequate medical treatment, detrusor contractility is not aggravated over 10 or more years of follow-up.
Possible role of highly activated mucosal NK cells against viral respiratory infections in children undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Vela Maria , del Rosal Teresa , Pérez-Martínez Antonio , Valentín Jaime , Casas Inmaculada , Pozo Francisco , Reinoso-Barbero Francisco , Bueno David , Corral Dolores , Méndez-Echevarría Ana , Mozo Yasmina , Calvo Cristina
Published: December 2019

Infection is the leading cause of non-relapse-related mortality after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Altered functions of immune cells in nasal secretions may influence post HSCT susceptibility to viral respiratory infections. In this prospective study, we determined T and NK cell numbers together with NK activation status in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) in HSCT recipients and healthy controls using multiparametric flow cytometry. We also determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the presence of 16 respiratory viruses. Samples were collected pre-HSCT, at day 0, +10, +20 and +30 after HSCT. Peripheral blood (PB) was also analyzed to determine T and NK cell numbers. A total of 27 pediatric HSCT recipients were enrolled and 16 of them had at least one viral detection (60%). Rhinovirus was the most frequent pathogen (84% of positive NPAs). NPAs of patients contained fewer T and NK cells compared to healthy controls (p = 0.0132 and p = 0.120, respectively). Viral PCR + patients showed higher NK cell number in their NPAs. The activating receptors repertoire expressed by NK cells was also higher in NPA samples, especially NKp44 and NKp46. Our study supports NK cells relevance for the immune defense against respiratory viruses in HSCT recipients.
Effect of Smartphone Use on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Lee Eun Ji , Kim Hyunjoong
Published: December 2019

The rapidly increasing utilization of smartphones makes ophthalmic problems associated with their use an important issue. This prospective study aimed to determine whether using a smartphone to view visual material is associated with a change in the intraocular pressure (IOP), and to determine which groups of factors best predict the time-dependent increase in IOP with smartphone use. This study included 158 eyes (127 glaucomatous and 31 healthy eyes) recruited from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Participants performed a sustained fixation task consisting of watching a movie on a smartphone screen for 30 minutes continuously at a viewing distance of 30 cm. A small but statistically significant time-dependent increase in IOP was observed while viewing a movie on a smartphone, being 10.6 ± 3.1, 11.0 ± 3.3, 11.2 ± 3.4, and 11.6 ± 3.5 mmHg before and 5, 10, and 30 minutes after the fixation task, respectively (P < 0.0001). Recursive partitioning tree analysis revealed that a shallower anterior chamber (<2.32 mm) was the strongest predictive factor for faster time-dependent increase in IOP (0.68 mmHg/minute). A higher visual field mean deviation (≥–0.22 dB), and an older age (≥48 years) were the second and third most influential factors associated with the rate of IOP increase (0.59 and 0.15 mmHg/minute, respectively).
Fundc1 is necessary for proper body axis formation during embryogenesis in zebrafish
Authors: Xu Gongyu , Shen Hao , Nibona Emile , Wu Kongyue , Ke Xiaomei , Al Hafiz Md. Abdullah , Liang Xiaoting , Zhong Xueping , Zhou Qingchun , Qi Chao , Zhao Haobin
Published: December 2019

FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) is a mitochondrial outer membrane protein which is responsible for hypoxia-induced mitophagy in mammalian cells. Knockdown of fundc1 is known to cause severe defects in the body axis of a rare minnow. To understand the role of Fundc1 in embryogenesis, we used zebrafish in this study. We used bioimaging to locate zebrafish Fundc1 (DrFundc1) with MitoTracker, a marker of mitochondria, and/or CellLight Lysosomes-GFP, a label of lysosomes, in the transfected ovary cells of grass carp. The use of Western blotting detected DrFundc1 as a component of mitochondrial proteins with endogenous COX IV, LC3B, and FUNDC1 in transgenic human embryonic kidney 293 T cells. DrFundc1 induced LC3B activation. The ectopic expression of Drfundc1 caused cell death and apoptosis as well as impairing cell proliferation in the 293 T cell line, as detected by Trypan blue, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and incorporation of BrdU. DrFundc1 up-regulated expression of both autophagy- and apoptosis-related genes, including ATG5, ATG7, LC3B, BECLIN1, and BAX in transgenic 293 T cells. A knockdown of Drfundc1 using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) led to midline bifurcation with two notochords and two spinal cords in zebrafish embryos. Co-injection of Drfundc1 mRNA repaired defects resulting from shRNA. Knockdown of Drfundc1 resulted in up- or down-regulation of genes related to autophagy and apoptosis, as well as decreased expression of neural genes such as cyclinD1, pax2a, opl, and neuroD1. In summary, DrFundc1 is a mitochondrial protein which is involved in mitophagy and is critical for typical body axis development in zebrafish.
The influence of maternal androgen excess on the male reproductive axis
Authors: Holland Sarah , Prescott Melanie , Pankhurst Michael , Campbell Rebecca E.
Published: December 2019

Prenatal androgen excess is suspected to contribute to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. Evidence from preclinical female animal models links maternal androgen excess with the development of PCOS-like features and associated alterations in the neuronal network regulating the reproductive axis. There is some evidence suggesting that maternal androgen excess leads to similar reproductive axis disruptions in men, despite the critical role that androgens play in normal sexual differentiation. Here, the specific impact of maternal androgen excess on the male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was investigated using a prenatal androgenization protocol in mice shown to model PCOS-like features in females. Reproductive phenotyping of prenatally androgenised male (PNAM) mice revealed no discernible impact of maternal androgen excess at any level of the reproductive axis. Luteinising hormone pulse characteristics, daily sperm production, plasma testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone levels were not different in the male offspring of dams administered dihydrotestosterone (DHT) during late gestation compared to controls. Androgen receptor expression was quantified through the hypothalamus and identified as unchanged. Confocal imaging of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons revealed that in contrast with prenatally androgenised female mice, PNAM mice exhibited no differences in the density of putative GABAergic innervation compared to controls. These data indicate that a maternal androgen environment capable of inducing reproductive dysfunction in female offspring has no evident impact on the reproductive axis of male littermates in adulthood.
Plasma metabolomics of early parenteral nutrition followed with enteral nutrition in pancreatic surgery patients
Authors: Jiang Zhengyu , Wen Cen , Wang Changli , Zhao Zhenzhen , Bo Lulong , Wan Xiaojian , Deng Xiaoming
Published: December 2019

Nutrition support is essential for surgical patients. Patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) require tremendous nutrient support but also faced with risks of infection and gastrointestinal complications. Early parenteral nutrition has recently shown benefits while limited information provided about the influence on metabolism. This prospective single-center cohort study used plasma metabolomics to clarify metabolic alteration after early parenteral nutrition followed with enteral nutrition. Patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (n = 52) were enrolled. 36 patients received parenteral nutrition within 3 days postoperatively followed with EN (TPN group), 16 patients received standard fluids followed with EN (GIK group). We found that the weight loss is reduced in TPN group while the other clinical outcomes and inflammatory cytokines showed no statistical significance. The TPN group showed significance in amino acids, lipid, and phospholipids metabolism compared with the GIK group. Moreover, integration analysis indicated that early TPN could promote the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids, phospholipids, ketone bodies, and branched-chain amino acids. We conclude that early TPN support followed with EN for patients undergoing PD reduced the perioperative weight loss and promoted the metabolic transition to anabolic metabolism with the recovery of lipid metabolism, suggesting its benefits for the recovery of patients.
Elevated blood lactate in resting conditions correlate with post-exertional malaise severity in patients with Myalgic encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Ghali Alaa , Lacout Carole , Ghali Maria , Gury Aline , Beucher Anne-Berengere , Lozac’h Pierre , Lavigne Christian , Urbanski Geoffrey
Published: December 2019

Elevated blood lactate after moderate exercise was reported in some of patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). We hypothesised that blood lactate could be also elevated in resting conditions. We aimed investigating the frequency of elevated lactate at rest in ME/CFS patients, and comparing characteristics of ME/CFS patients with and without elevated lactate. Patients fulfilling international consensus criteria for ME/CFS who attended the internal medicine department of University hospital Angers-France between October 2011 and December 2017 were included retrospectively. All patients were systematically hospitalised for an aetiological workup and overall assessment. We reviewed their medical records for data related to the assessment: clinical characteristics, comorbidities, fatigue features, post-exertional malaise (PEM) severity, and results of 8 lactate measurements at rest. Patients having ≥1 lactate measurement ≥2 mmol/L defined elevated lactate group. The study included 123 patients. Elevated (n = 55; 44.7%) and normal (n = 68; 55.3%) lactate groups were comparable except for PEM, which was more severe in the elevated lactate group after adjusting for age at disease onset, sex, and comorbidities (OR 2.47, 95% CI: 1.10–5.55). ME/CFS patients with elevated blood lactate at rest may be at higher risk for more severe PEM. This finding may be of interest in ME/CFS management.
Author Correction: Inspiratory Lung Expansion in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease: CT Histogram Analyses
Authors: Park Junghoan , Jung Julip , Yoon Soon Ho , Goo Jin Mo , Hong Helen , Yoon Jeong-Hwa
Published: December 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: The highly GABARAP specific rat monoclonal antibody 8H5 visualizes GABARAP in immunofluorescence imaging at endogenous levels
Authors: Simons Indra M. , Mohrlüder Jeannine , Feederle Regina , Kremmer Elisabeth , Zobel Thomas , Dobner Jochen , Bleffert Nicole , Hoffmann Silke , Willbold Dieter
Published: December 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Label-free counting of affinity-enriched circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using a thermoplastic micro-Coulter counter (μCC)
Authors: Kong Cong , Hu Mengjia , Weerakoon-Ratnayake Kumuditha M. , Witek Malgorzata A. , Dathathreya Kavya , Hupert Mateusz L. , Soper Steven A.
Published: December 2019

A micro-Coulter Counter (μCC) with simple and low cost fabrication process was developed and integrated with a circulating tumor cell (CTC) selection chip, providing label-free cell counting for CTC analysis.
Tough hydrogel module towards an implantable remote and controlled release device
Authors: Low Zhi Wei Kenny , Luo Yifei , Zhang Kangyi , Lin Qianyu , Owh Cally , Chen Xiaodong , Loh Xian Jun
Published: December 2019

On-demand controllable drug delivery systems enable the administration of precise dosages and thus have the potential to improve overall healthcare.
A Ni-foam-structured MoNi4–MoOx nanocomposite catalyst for hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethanol
Authors: Zhu Jian , Sun Weidong , Wang Song , Zhao Guofeng , Liu Ye , Lu Yong
Published: December 2019

A Ni-foam structured MoNi4–MoOx nanocomposite catalyst is highly active, selective and stable for the gas-phase hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethanol.
Fluorescent Se-modified carbon nitride nanosheets as biomimetic catalases for free-radical scavenging
Authors: Cao Xu-Ning , Lian Shu , Tong Yawen , Lin Wei , Jia Lee , Fang Yuanxing , Wang Xinchen
Published: December 2019

Se-modified carbon nitride nanosheets with fluorescent properties and high biocompatibility show efficient free radical cleaning activity, and can be used as biomimetic catalases for resisting oxidative stress.
Uranium(iv) cyclobutadienyl sandwich compounds: synthesis, structure and chemical bonding
Authors: Tsoureas Nikolaos , Mansikkamäki Akseli , Layfield Richard A.
Published: December 2019

The synthesis, molecular structures and bonding properties of two uranium(iv) cyclobutadienyl half-sandwich complexes and a doubly activated cyclobutadienyl sandwich complex are described.
Photochemical reaction on graphene surfaces controlled by substrate-surface modification with polar self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Nouchi Ryo , Ikeda Kei-ichiro
Published: December 2019

Molecular gating, a methodology that can alter charge carrier concentrations, is exploited to control a chemical reaction on graphene surfaces.
OH radicals reactivity towards phenol-related pollutants in water: temperature dependence of the rate constants and novel insights into the [OH–phenol]˙ adduct formation
Authors: Kroflič Ana , Schaefer Thomas , Huš Matej , Phuoc Le Hoa , Otto Tobias , Herrmann Hartmut
Published: December 2019

Relevance: a kinetic study on aqueous-phase reactions between OH˙ and phenolic compounds reveals structure-related differences in the transition state formation.
Photochemistry of tris(2,3,5,6-tetrathiaaryl)methyl radicals in various solutions
Authors: Kuzhelev Andrey A. , Tormyshev Victor M. , Plyusnin Victor F. , Rogozhnikova Olga Yu. , Edeleva Mariya V. , Veber Sergey L. , Bagryanskaya Elena G.
Published: December 2019

A detailed mechanism of TAM photolysis was studied and includes photoionization of the TAM radical with the formation of carbocation and further conversion of the carbocation under aerobic conditions into quinone-methide and under anaerobic conditions supposedly into an aromatic carbene.
Photoexcited carrier dynamics in colloidal quantum dot solar cells: insights into individual quantum dots, quantum dot solid films and devices
Authors: Zhang Yaohong , Wu Guohua , Liu Feng , Ding Chao , Zou Zhigang , Shen Qing
Published: December 2019

Topics of photoexcited carrier dynamics in quantum dot solar cells are reviewed and discussed for the first time.
Dual catalyst system for selective vinyl chloride production via ethene oxychlorination
Authors: Scharfe Matthias , Paunović Vladimir , Mitchell Sharon , Hauert Roland , Xi Shibo , Borgna Armando , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: December 2019

A dual system featuring ZrO2-supported CeO2 and Ca-doped Al2O3 catalysts enables the direct production of vinyl chloride via ethene oxychlorination.
The catalytic mechanism of the Au@TiO2−x/ZnO catalyst towards a low-temperature water-gas shift reaction
Authors: Liu Ning , Yin Pan , Xu Ming , Yang Yusen , Zhang Shaomin , Zhang Junbo , Meng Xiaoyu , Zhang Jian , Yu Jun , Man Yi , Zhang Xin , Wei Min
Published: December 2019

A redox mechanism towards the water-gas shift reaction was certified based on in situ/operando experiments and density functional theory calculation studies.
“Old dog, new tricks”: the lone pair effect inducing divergent optical responses in lead cyanurates containing π-bonds
Authors: Meng Xianghe , Kang Kaijin , Liang Fei , Tang Jian , Lin Zheshuai , Yin Wenlong , Xia Mingjun
Published: December 2019

The stereochemically active lone pair effect of Pb2+ and induced narrower bandgaps were elaborated in Pb3(HC3N3O3)2(OH)2 for the first time.
Bi-stable spin-crossover in charge-neutral [Fe(R-ptp)2] (ptp = 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine) complexes
Authors: Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy , Vela Sergi , Heinrich Benoît , Suryadevara Nithin , Karmazin Lydia , Bailly Corinne , Ruben Mario
Published: December 2019

Factors controlling spin-crossover (SCO) in charge-neutral [Fe(R-ptp)2]0 complexes composed of rationally designed 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine (ptp)-based ligands are elucidated.
Digestion behavior and gastrointestinal fate of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by different modified rice starches
Authors: Jain Surangna , Winuprasith Thunnalin , Suphantharika Manop
Published: December 2019

This study highlights how starch modification and the concentration of resistant starch may alter the lipid digestion behavior in oil-in-water emulsions.
Bifunctional squaramide catalyzed stereoselective Mannich reaction of α-azido ketones with isatin-derived ketimines
Authors: Karahan Seda , Tanyeli Cihangir
Published: December 2019

Bifunctional squaramide catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction of alpha-azido ketones and isatin derived ketiminines were established for the first time with high stereoselectivity. Adducts are valuable synthons for optically active heterocycles.
The phosphorylation mechanism of mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase: a QM/MM study
Authors: McClory James , Hui Chenggong , Zhang Jian , Huang Meilan
Published: December 2019

Combined MD and QM/MM studies suggested that mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase requires two magnesium ions for a phosphorylation reaction.
p-TsOH-mediated synthesis of substituted 2,4-diaryl-3-sulfonylquinolines from functionalized 2-aminobenzophenones and aromatic β-ketosulfones under microwave irradiation
Authors: Chan Chieh-Kai , Lai Chien-Yu , Lo Wei-Chih , Cheng Yu-Ting , Chang Meng-Yang , Wang Cheng-Chung
Published: December 2019

A series of 2,4-diaryl-3-sulfonylquinolines are prepared from 2-aminobenzophenones and β-ketosulfones by using p-TsOH under microwave irradiation.
Pneumatic conveying printing technique for bioprinting applications
Authors: Brand Izabella , Groß Isabel , Li Dege , Zhang Yanzhen , Bräuer Anja U.
Published: December 2019

Droplet-based bio-printing (DBB) techniques have been extensively accepted due to their simplicity, flexibility and cost performance.
A fluorescence immunoassay based on CdTe : Zn/ZnS quantum dots for the rapid detection of bacteria, taking Delftia tsuruhatensis CM’13 as an example
Authors: Ruan Yao , Xu Huanhuan , Yu Jinlu , Chen Qian , Gu Lihong , Guo Ailing
Published: December 2019

A fluorescence immunoassay has been widely applied in different fields due to its high sensitivity, simple operations, and high accuracy.
Interplay between intrinsically disordered proteins inside membraneless protein liquid droplets
Authors: Jo Yongsang , Jung Yongwon
Published: December 2019

Membraneless droplets of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) with varied residue compositions uniquely interact with each other as droplets and clients.
Multivalent counterions accumulate in star-like polyelectrolytes and collapse the polymer in spite of increasing its ionization
Authors: Staňo Roman , Nová Lucie , Uhlík Filip , Košovan Peter
Published: December 2019

We used computer simulations to explore the dissociative and conformational behaviour of branched weak polyelectrolytes with multivalent counterions.
An engineered self-supported electrocatalytic cathode and dendrite-free composite anode based on 3D double-carbon hosts for advanced Li–SeS2 batteries
Authors: Wang Mei , Guo Yi , Wang Boya , Luo Hang , Zhang Xuemei , Wang Qian , Zhang Yun , Wu Hao , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue
Published: December 2019

A 3D double-carbon scaffold is delicately constructed as a universal host to engineer both SeS2 cathodes and dendrite-free Li metal anodes along with achieving reliable electrochemistry simultaneously for advanced Li–SeS2 batteries.
MoC nanoparticle-embedded carbon nanofiber aerogels as flow-through electrodes for highly efficient pseudocapacitive deionization
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhang Yue , Zhang Yuchen , Zhang Qing , Gao Xin , Dou Xinyue , Zhu Haiguang , Yuan Xun , Pan Likun
Published: December 2019

Highly efficient pseudo-capacitive deionization systems equipped with flow-through electrodes are developed for the first time based on the utilization of MoC nanoparticle-embedded carbon nanofiber aerogels as electrode materials.
From 33% to 57% – an elevated potential of efficiency limit for indoor photovoltaics
Authors: Ho Johnny Ka Wai , Yin Hang , So Shu Kong
Published: December 2019

Indoor photovoltaics is of appealing application potential given the high limiting PCE of 57%.
Electrochemical in situ construction of vanadium oxide heterostructures with boosted pseudocapacitive charge storage
Authors: Dong Ran , Song Yu , Yang Duo , Shi Hua-Yu , Qin Zengming , Zhang Mingyue , Guo Di , Sun Xiaoqi , Liu Xiao-Xia
Published: December 2019

An in situ electrochemical deposition method is demonstrated as an efficient strategy to build high-quality vanadium oxide heterostructures with enhanced electrochemical performance.
A unique polarity-sensitive photothermal sensitizer revealing down-regulated mitochondrial polarity during photo-induced cell death
Authors: Liu Chuang , Tian Minggang , Lin Weiying
Published: December 2019

A unique polarity-sensitive photothermal therapy sensitizer was developed. The down-regulation of mitochondrial polarity during photo-induced cell death was successfully revealed in ratiometric manner.
Ratiometric fluorescent probes based on through-bond energy transfer of cyanine donors to near-infrared hemicyanine acceptors for mitochondrial pH detection and monitoring of mitophagy
Authors: Xia Shuai , Wang Jianbo , Zhang Yibin , Whisman Nick , Bi Jianheng , Steenwinkel Tessa E. , Wan Shulin , Medford Jerry , Tajiri Momoko , Luck Rudy L. , Werner Thomas , Liu Haiying
Published: December 2019

Two ratiometric near-infrared fluorescent probes (A and B) have been developed to selectively and accurately detect mitochondrial pH changes based on highly efficient through-bond energy transfer (TBET) from cyanine donors to near-infrared-emissive hemicyanine acceptors.
A wearable, waterproof, and highly sensitive strain sensor based on three-dimensional graphene/carbon black/Ni sponge for wirelessly monitoring human motions
Authors: Sun Shibin , Liu Yiqian , Chang Xueting , Jiang Yingchang , Wang Dongsheng , Tang Chengji , He Shiyu , Wang Mingwei , Guo Lin , Gao Yang
Published: December 2019

A wearable, waterproof, and highly sensitive strain sensor for wirelessly monitoring human motions.
Plasmonic nanoprism enhanced quasi-2D Ruddlesden–Popper layered perovskite photodetectors
Authors: Ji Ting , Zhang Hengkang , Han Na , Wang Wenyan , Wu Bo , Li Guohui , Fan Mingming , Li Zhanfeng , Hao Yuying , Zhu Furong , Wu Yucheng , Cui Yanxia
Published: December 2019

AuAg-NPrisms@SiO2 were incorporated into quasi-2D perovskite PDs and improved performances were obtained. EQE of 1670%, R of 7.15 A/W and D* of 3.2 × 1013 Jones were achieved. Crystallinity of the quasi-2D perovskite film was also improved.
Sexual dimorphism of miRNA signatures in feto-placental endothelial cells is associated with altered barrier function and actin organization
Authors: Cvitic Silvija , Strutz Jasmin , Appel Hannah M. , Weiß Elisa , Brandl Waltraud T. , Thüringer Andrea , Bernhart Eva M. , Lassance Luciana , Wadsack Christian , Schliefsteiner Carolin , Sreckovic Ivana , Kashofer Karl , Hiden Ursula
Published: December 2019

Endothelial function and the risk for endothelial dysfunction differ between males and females. Besides the action of estrogen, sex chromosome gene expression and programming effects also provoke this sexual dimorphism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as regulators of endothelial cell function and dysfunction. We here hypothesized distinct miRNA expression patterns in male versus female human endothelial cells that contribute to the functional differences. We used our well-established model of fetal endothelial cells isolated from placenta (fpEC) and analyzed sexual dimorphic miRNA expression and potentially affected biological functions.

Next-generation miRNA sequencing of fpEC isolated after pregnancies with male and female neonates identified sex-dependent miRNA expression patterns. Potential biological pathways regulated by the altered set of miRNAs were determined using mirPath and mirSystem softwares, and suggested differences in barrier function and actin organization. The identified pathways were further investigated by monolayer impedance measurements (ECIS) and analysis of F-actin organization (Phalloidin).

Nine miRNAs were differentially expressed in fpEC of male versus female neonates. Functional pathways most significantly regulated by these miRNAs included ‘Adherens junction’, ‘ECM receptor interaction’ and ‘Focal adhesion’. These pathways control monolayer barrier function and may be paralleled by altered cytoskeletal organization. In fact, monolayer impedance was higher in fpEC of male progeny, and F-actin staining revealed more pronounced peripheral stress fibers in male versus female fpEC.

Our data highlight that endothelial cell function differs between males and females already in utero, and that altered miRNAs are associated with sex dependent differences in barrier function and actin organization.
Relationship Between Domain-Specific Cognitive Function and Speech-in-Noise Performance in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Hearing Pilot Study
Authors: Mamo Sara K. , Reed Nicholas S. , Sharrett A. Richey , Albert Marilyn S. , Coresh Josef , Mosley Thomas H. , Knopman David , Lin Frank R. , Deal Jennifer A.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between performance on a clinical speech-in-noise measure with a comprehensive neurocognitive battery of tests.

Method

A group of older adults (
N
= 250,
M
age
= 77 years, age range: 67.3–89.1 years) enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study took part in the hearing pilot study (2013) that included testing for audiometric thresholds and speech-in-noise performance (Quick Speech-in-Noise Test; Killion, Niquette, Gudmundsen, Revit, & Banerjee, 2004). This research study analyzed the associations between domain-specific cognitive function and speech-in-noise performance after adjusting for hearing thresholds and other demographic and cardiovascular factors.

Results

Multivariable-adjusted associations were found between all cognitive domains and speech-in-noise performance in the full sample, but the observed associations varied when participants with varying levels of moderate to moderately severe hearing loss were excluded from the analysis.

Conclusions

The findings are discussed in terms considering the cognitive status of older adults in relation to their speech-in-noise performance during audiological evaluation and implications for aural rehabilitation.
Sensory and Cognitive Components of Auditory Processing in Individuals With Tinnitus
Authors: Vasudevan Harini , Palaniswamy Hari Prakash , Balakrishnan Ramaswamy
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The main purpose of the study is to explore the auditory selective attention abilities (using event-related potentials) and the neuronal oscillatory activity in the default mode network sites (using electroencephalogram [EEG]) in individuals with tinnitus.

Method

Auditory selective attention was measured using P300, and the resting state EEG was assessed using the default mode function analysis. Ten individuals with continuous and bothersome tinnitus along with 10 age- and gender-matched control participants underwent event-related potential testing and 5 min of EEG recording (at wakeful rest).

Results

Individuals with tinnitus were observed to have larger N1 and P3 amplitudes along with prolonged P3 latency. The default mode function analysis revealed no significant oscillatory differences between the groups.

Conclusion

The current study shows changes in both the early sensory and late cognitive components of auditory processing. The change in the P3 component is suggestive of selective auditory attention deficit, and the sensory component (N1) suggests an altered bottom-up processing in individuals with tinnitus.
Neurodevelopmental Intervention Strategies to Improve Oral Feeding Skills in Infants With Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Desai Hema , Lim Audrey N.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Full-term infants with congenital heart defects (CHD) are at high risk for developmental and feeding difficulties secondary to a complex combination of immature neurological structures, early surgical intervention, postsurgical complications, and disruption in typical care. Infants with CHD often present with neurobehavioral immaturity that resembles that of premature infants, resulting in difficulties in achieving stability in the physiological and behavioral subsystems. This results in poor arousal, muscle tone abnormalities, and poor state regulation, which affect their ability to achieve oral feeding readiness and progress in their oral feeding skills. In fact, a significant number of infants with CHD require supplemental tube feeding upon hospital discharge to meet their nutritional needs. However, despite these unique barriers, the feeding experience for infants with CHD is frequently overlooked and the focus tends to be on higher level oral motor and swallowing skills and volume intake.

Conclusion

Given the growing evidence of neurological immaturity and subsequent neurodevelopmental delays in this population, it is crucial for therapists to recognize neurobehavioral stability as a foundation for a complex neuromotor activity such as oral feeding. This article will discuss how to utilize infant neurobehavioral intervention as part of feeding treatment for children with CHD to help develop appropriate neural pathways for oral feeding.
Student Experience Applying to Graduate School for Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Sylvan Lesley , Perkins Andrea , Truglio Carly
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to better understand the experiences faced by students during the application process for master's degree programs in speech-language pathology.

Method

Data were collected through administering an online survey to 365 volunteers who had applied to master's degree programs in speech-language pathology. Survey questions were designed to gain the student perspective of the application process through exploration of students' deciding factors for top choices of graduate programs, emotional involvement in the application process, biases/rumors heard, student challenges, advice to future applicants, and what students would change about the application process.

Results

Factors that influenced participants' reasoning for selecting their “top choice” programs were largely consistent with previous studies. Issues that shaped the student experience applying to graduate school for speech-language pathology included financial constraints, concern regarding the prominence of metrics such as Graduate Record Examinations scores in the admissions process, a perceived lack of guidance and advising from faculty, and confusion regarding variation among graduate program requirements.

Conclusion

Gaining insight into the student experience with the application process for graduate programs in speech-language pathology yields useful information from a perspective not frequently explored in prior literature. While the data presented in this study suggest the process is confusing and challenging to many applicants, the discussion highlights practical solutions and sheds light on key issues that should be considered carefully by individual graduate programs as well as the field as a whole.
Low‐power column counter with a logical‐shift algorithm for CMOS image sensors
Authors: Park K. , Kim S.Y.
Published: December 2019

The authors propose a column counter that uses a logical‐shift algorithm in column‐parallel single‐slope ADCs for low‐power CMOS image sensors. The proposed column counter lowers power consumption by reducing the amount of internal toggling nodes and parasitic capacitance. Simulation results showed a 32% reduction in power consumption and a 60% reduction in the power‐delay product compared to a conventional up/down counter.
Robust filtering employing bias compensated M‐estimate affine‐projection‐like algorithm
Authors: Vasundhara
Published: December 2019

This Letter presents a bias compensated M‐estimate affine‐projection‐like algorithm for robust adaptive filtering in case of noisy input signal and impulsive noise interference. In order to mitigate the effect of bias introduced due to noisy input signal, a bias compensation vector is derived along with robust cost function minimisation employing M‐estimate and accordingly the weight update learning process of the adaptive filter has been improved. In conjunction with this, a new input noise variance estimation method is introduced using the median filter. The proposed algorithm is evaluated for acoustic echo cancellation application and compared with other existing methods. Simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness in terms of enhanced convergence and better steady‐state performance in case of impulsive environment and input signal contaminated with noise.
Fault detection and integrity monitoring of GNSS positioning in intelligent transport systems
Authors: El‐Mowafy Ahmed
Published: December 2019

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is a key positioning system for intelligent transport systems (ITS). The GNSS receiver should be able to autonomously perform integrity monitoring, including detection of faulty observations. In this contribution, new models for fault detection in the position domain are presented that are tailored for ITS. The fault detection tests are parameterised for the track frame of the vehicle, and in a combined single test form. Another new form is presented where the detection testing is parameterised in the direction of the maximum possible error. The tests are formed where position errors are assumed to have a zero‐mean Gaussian distribution, which is a working hypothesis in the open environment. The case of positioning in the urban environment is also addressed using two approaches. The first is by using a logistic distribution that is found to empirically better fit a very large sample of position errors compared to the normal distribution in this environment. The second approach is to use of an overbounding Gaussian distribution. The protection levels (PLs) in the track frame are presented, and the advantage of expressing PL along the maximum direction is shown. The presented methods are experimentally demonstrated in practice through a kinematic test.
Adaptability of grid connected PV inverters with thermoelectric generator as power source: a performance comparison
Authors: Bijukumar Bepinkumar , Raam Arunadevi Ganesan Kaushik , Ilango Ganesan Saravana , Nagamani Chilakapati
Published: December 2019

This study presents an investigative study on the adaptability of grid‐connected photovoltaic (GCPV) inverters with thermoelectric generator (TEG) as the power source. Currently, no grid‐connected inverters are commercially available for TEG systems. Hence, GCPV inverters have to be used or new inverters have to be manufactured for TEG source. In this study, a comparative study has been made to investigate the adaptability of commercial GCPV inverters in TEG systems. From the study, it is found that for a TEG, owing to its linear I–V characteristics, with open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current equal to the rated dc input voltage and current of the inverter, respectively, the operating point lies within the safe operating area of an inverter. However, this does not ensure that the GCPV inverter is utilised at its maximum power rating. It is also observed that GCPV inverter can be better utilised at its maximum power with the aid of current limit control (CLC). Simulation and test results are presented to bring out the efficacy of the CLC in an inverter fed by a TEG source. Conclusions drawn from this investigation make evident that the commercial GCPV inverters are adaptable for TEG systems.
Red wine polyphenols reverse depressive-like behaviors in mice induced by repeated corticosterone treatment
Authors: Yan Tingxu , Sun Yingying , Wu Bo , Xiao Feng , Bi Kaishun , Sun Baoshan , Jia Ying
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of red wine phenolic extracts in mouse model exposed to exogenous corticosterone. The results showed that 3-week corticosterone injections caused depression-like behavior in mice, as indicated by the significant decrease in sucrose consumption and increase immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST). Red wine phenolic extracts treatment significantly reduced serum corticosterone levels. Moreover, it was found that red wine phenolic extract increased the brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein (BNDF) and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) phosphorylation and cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. However, K252a, an inhibitor of TrkB, completely abolished those antidepressant-like effects. These results suggested that the red wine phenolic extracts produce an antidepressant-like effect in corticosteronetreated mice, at least in part, which is possibly mediated by modulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, BDNF, TrkB and CREB phosphorylation levels in the brain region of mice.
Sonografie in der Pränataldiagnostik
Authors: Finke Julia
Published: December 2019

Der Ultraschall gilt als DAS diagnostische Werkzeug während der Schwangerschaft. Jede Schwangere wird mehrfach sonografisch untersucht, oft ohne weitere Reflexion. Doch ist das immer nur ein Segen? Dieser Artikel setzt sich kritisch mit den Vor- und Nachteilen der Ultraschalldiagnostik während der Schwangerschaft auseinander und liefert Hebammen Informationen zum Umgang mit verschiedenen Ultraschallbefunden.
Lung Based Engineered Micro-Pancreas Sustains Human Beta Cell Survival and Functionality
Authors: Goldman Orit , Puchinsky Dmitry , Durlacher Karina , Sancho Rocio , Ludwig Barbara , Kugelmeier Patrick , Heller Carolin , Kunicher Nikolai , Bornstein Stefan R. , Treves Avraham J.
Published: December 2019

The whole world has been affected by a dramatically increasing prevalence of diabetes. Today, the etiology of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is thought to revolve around the dysfunction of β-cells, the insulin producing cells of the body. Within the pharmaceutical industry, the evaluation of new drugs for diabetes treatment is mostly done using cell lines or rodent islets and depends solely on the assessment of static insulin secretion. However, the use of cell lines or rodent islets is limiting lack of similarity of the human islet cells, leading to a constrain of the predictive value regarding the clinical potential of newly developed drugs. To overcome this issue, we developed an Engineered Micro-Pancreas as a unique platform for drug discovery. The Engineered Micro Pancreas is composed of (i) an organ-derived micro-scaffold, specifically a decellularized porcine lung-derived micro-scaffold and (ii) cadaveric islets seeded thereon. The Engineered Micro Pancreas remained viable and maintained insulin secretion in vitro for up to three months. The quantities of insulin were comparable to those secreted by freshly isolated human islets and therefore hold the potential for real-time and metabolic physiology mimicking drug screening.
Management of Aggressive Pituitary Tumors – A 2019 Update
Authors: Petersenn Stephan
Published: December 2019

With a prevalence of 80–100/100000, pituitary adenomas are more frequent than thought. The rare aggressive pituitary adenoma presents a special challenge, due to the heterogenous presentation of the disease. The prognosis of aggressive pituitary adenomas has been improved due to recent studies demonstrating some efficacy of chemotherapy with temozolomide. However, there is very limited data on second-line therapies in patients with treatment failure. This review presents an update on the diagnostic and therapeutic management of aggressive pituitary tumors. Patients should be treated by a team consisting of an expert endocrinologist, neurosurgeon, radiation oncologist, and pathologist, and according to the recently published ESE guideline.