bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnicity and Mentality
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Ashnokova Larisa Mukhamedovna , Namitokova Marzijat Nurbievna ,   North Caucasus branch  of the Russian State University of Justice
Published: June 2020

The study considers the dependence of mentality on ethno-cultural conditions, the impact of the people's lifestyle on their mentality, the problem of a national character formation. The novelty of the study is that it gives a characteristic of the most multinational region of Russia – the Southern Federal District. Despite the natural, national, religious differences, living together in one territory contributed to the formation of a common mentality of the numerous peoples of southern Russia. It is emphasized that nowadays national value principles and orienteers gain special relevance as a way of obtaining mental stability which is based on spiritual experience of the previous generations. And at the same time, a globalist mentality is forming.
International Relations of the Khabarovsk Krai in the Agricultural Sphere in the Period From 1990 to 2011
Authors:   Far-East Institute  of Management, The Russian Presidential Academy  of National Economy and Public Administration, Kuzhina Natalia Ivanovna , Chudesov Valeri Vladimirovich ,   Far-East Institute  of Management, The Russian Presidential Academy  of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: June 2020

On the basis of a wide range of documents introduced into scientific discourse for the first time the regional specificity of the formation of relations in the agricultural sector of the Khabarovsk Krai with foreign countries in the period from 1990 to 2011 is being considered. The study analyzes the main directions implemented by state authorities and the emerging business structures of the region for the development of cooperation with countries of Asia-Pacific region. It was revealed that during this period, an unequal barter exchange was carried out between the emerging regional businesses and business structures in foreign countries, then attention was focused on the creation of joint ventures and enterprises with 100% foreign capital in the region. The relations in the agricultural sector, especially in the first half of the 1990s, were affected by the lack of experience on the part of domestic business circles, the difficult situation with the provision of food for the population of the region, the particular geographical location of the region, the specific nature of the environment for the development of agricultural production, and the desire of foreign partners to get a one-sided advantage.
The Formation of the Collective Farm System in the Olekminsky District of the Yakut ASSR
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Kurchatova Tamara Timofeyevna
Published: June 2020

Olekminsky district of Yakutia in its climatic conditions is the most suitable for the development of agriculture. Starting from the 17th century, with the arrival of Cossacks and service people, and later with the development of the Lena gold-bearing mines, the territory became the center for the development of agriculture in the entire region. One of the historical pages of the socialist agrarian system development is connected with the formation of collective management. In this paper, the author aims at studying the stages of the formation of the collective farming in Olekminsky district in the 20–30s of the twentieth century. The study used archival materials that had not previously become an object of study, which shows the novelty of the proposed topic. As a result, a characteristic of the development of agriculture in a number of regions of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is given, the stages of the formation of collective management in the Olekminsky district of Yakutia and the forms of collective farming are highlighted, the struggle of private capital for its existence and, finally, the victory of the collective farm are shown.
German Entrepreneurs in the Russian Far East during World War I
Authors:   Pacific National University, Molchanova Elena Gennadievna
Published: June 2020

The research studies the situation of German entrepreneurs in the Russian Far East during the First World War. It shows how the conditions for German activity in Russia changed during the war, and describes the campaign against “German domination”. Based on various archival sources, the author examines how anti-German sentiment affected the position of Germans and the state of their business in the region. The article analyzes the reasons why the largest German companies managed to survive despite the liquidation laws. It describes the policy of the Far Eastern exchange committees about German entrepreneurs and firms during the war. The author emphasizes that Russian competitors of German entrepreneurs made a certain contribution to inciting anti-German sentiment in the region. The study concluded that during the First World War, German entrepreneurs largely lost their former positions in the economic and social life of the Russian Far East. However, their influence in the region was so significant that even in the current conditions, some of them managed to maintain their businesses and continued to operate, although on a smaller scale.
Boundaries and Prospects of Studying the Food Culture in Modern Russia
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Ivaschenko Yana Sergeevna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Ivanov Andrey Anatolyevich ,   Siberian University  of Consumer Cooperation
Published: June 2020

The paper analyzes the history and current state of research on nutrition-related phenomena and processes in Russia. The main directions in the study of this issue and the problems of their development are identified. The previous and current conceptual devices are described; their limitations in the study of the modern food culture are explained. A new definition and structural model of food culture are proposed, allowing for a comprehensive analysis and taking into account the specifics of modern culture. It is proposed to consider food culture as a very important subsystem of culture, reflecting its basic characteristics, significant cultural and historical changes, degree of involvement in global processes; in the unity of the material-technological, normative-communicative and value-semantic components. This interpretation is more suitable as a theoretical and methodological tool for study of many modern food cultures.
Philosophy as a Interrogating about Existing (to the Question of Self-Determination of Philosophy)
Authors:   Surgut State University, Burkhanov Rafael Ayratovich
Published: June 2020

The paper focuses on the consideration of the self-determination of philosophy. Its purpose is to identify and analyze the status of worldview transcending, which makes it possible to question a person about existing. In philosophy, unlike science, the problem field is not limited to the world immanent for man, but extends to all being, projecting itself beyond it. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the substantiation of metaphysical interrogation as a fundamental definition of philosophy, complementing existing definitions in Russian literature. It is emphasized that philosophy, in essence, is, firstly, a worldview questioning, the result of which is self-creation of a person and his awareness of his place in the world; secondly, metaphysical interrogation aimed at understanding the world as a whole, and not at studying the structure of specific areas of the universe; thirdly, the transcending questioning, in the course of which the expansion of the boundaries of cognition, the complication of human experience, the development of the philosophical worldview itself takes place. The author comes to the conclusion that the most important task of philosophy is to question existing, being as itself, which should be reflected in its self-determination. In its content, philosophizing is a worldview transcending, a metaphysical questioning of a person about the world as a whole and to himself.
Computed Tomography (CT) Attenuation Value in Relation with Body Dimension, Gender and Age in Malay population: A Literature Review
Authors: Bohang Siti Aisyah Munirah , Zainuddin Zainul Ibrahim , Suhoimi Norhanna
Published: June 2020

Interaction of CT’s x-ray beams with patient resulted in attenuation process and there are various factors affecting CT attenuation values. The aim of this review is to examine the existed literatures regarding the concept of attenuation in CT and its relationship with body dimension, gender and age in Malay population. Guided by primary question, literature searches were conducted using the established online database; SCOPUS and PubMed. The time frame for literatures was from 2000 to 2019 and only literatures in English language were selected. The size of body dimension has affected the CT attenuation value but it also depending on the type of tissue presence within the region of interest (ROI) such as muscle and fat tissues. Due to larger body framework and higher amount of skeletal muscle mass theoretically males would have higher CT attenuation value than female. CT attenuation value reduces with aging process. Asians including Malay population have smaller body dimension than Caucasians and the mean attenuation value of abdominal region in Asians could differ from 20 HU. Thus, there is a need for future research to investigate the interrelatedness of attenuation in CT (HU) and body dimension within Malay population and close this gap of knowledge.
Economic Acculturation of Lower Ilim Evenki: Farmers and Reindeer Breeders (XVIII - Early XX Centuries)
Authors: Ragulina M. V.
Published: June 2020

The issue of acculturation of the indigenous population of Siberia is considered on the example of the Lower Ilim group of Evenki. The emergence of “yasak villages” is studied as a transitional stage between nomadic nature management and peasant farming. It is shown that the reduction in the number of Lower Ilim Evenki is largely due to their transition to the peasant class, which was not recorded in the documents. Attention is paid to the impact of natural and sociocultural conditions on the transformation of nature management and lifestyle. It was established that the factors of neighborhood and characterized by strip farming living with the Russian population contributed to the borrowing of agriculture only when the natural environment allowed it and there were accompanying circumstances, such as the loss of deer, and the reduced economic potential of the nomadic collective. Two main types of economic acculturation with stability and efficiency have been identified. The acculturation of Lower Ilim Evenki is considered on the basis of archival sources. The novelty of the work consists in the introduction into the scientific circulation of documents that allow you to reconstruct the course of economic and social changes - from the traditional commercial-reindeer herding lifestyle to settled lifestyle and a change in ethnic self-identification. It is noted that the attention to the mixed Evenki-Russian population from the side of researchers of the 1920s was associated with the search for theoretical positions for the transformation of the native economy.
Formation of a Pension Allowance system for Civil Servants of the Tobolsk Province of the 19th - early 20th Centuries
Authors: Suslova L. N. , Yarkova I. V.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the study of historical experience in the formation of pensions for employees of the Tobolsk province in the XIX - early XX centuries. The authors of the article associate their interest in the indicated problems with its poor knowledge, as well as the reform of pension provision in modern Russia. The source of the study was the legislative, clerical and statistical documents of the funds of the School Directorate, City Council, Tobolsk Provincial Board, Tobolsk State Chamber, Tobolsk Gymnasium, Tobolsk State Bank, Tobolsk Post and Telegraph Office, Tobolsk Notary Archive and others. The most significant of these are the lists of pensioners living in the Tobolsk province, the Tobolsk Treasury Chamber statements on pensioners, documents that fix the number and size of pensions issued and not issued, and cases regarding the assignment of pensions. The authors of the article note the absence in the period under review of a single pension provision practice for all social categories of the population. The author analyzes pension payments accrued to officials from the treasury, and funded payments from public emmeritial cash desks. It is concluded that the formation of the pension provision of civil servants can be attributed to the end of the first quarter of the XIX century. The circle of persons entitled to receive a pension is designated, the sources of pension financing are identified. It was concluded that for the provision of pensions to officials of the period under review, the dependence of the pension salary on the size of the annual salary, the rank and length of service of the civil service was characteristic.
Semantic-Pragmatic Evolution of the Latin Prefix SUPER (according to Polish and English)
Authors: Shkapenko T. M. , Shapovalenko E. V.
Published: June 2020

The cognitive mechanisms underlying the semantic-pragmatic evolution of the prepositive component of Latin origin super are described. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the data of the modern Polish language, studied in comparison with the data of the English and Latin languages, acting as donors of the semantic-pragmatic evolution of the prefix. It is proved that the locative semantics of the prefix serves as a trigger that starts the processes of metaphorical reinterpretation in modern English. It is shown that the final stage of the pragmatization of the formant is it’s functioning as an evaluative predicate and emotive interjection. It is stated that in the host Slavic language, the specificity of actualization in speech of the super component is determined by the interaction of linguistic and extralinguistic factors. It is emphasized that the integration of post-socialist countries into the global socio-economic space determines the intensive pragmatic-oriented use of this component in advertising discourse and in colloquial speech. It is noted that the influence of the linguistic factor - the features of the word-formation system - determines a new stage in the morphological evolution of the component super. It has been established that, within the affixal derivatives, a new meaning of an element acquiring the status of a root morpheme is being fixed. The relevance of the work performed is determined by the functional and explanative approach to the description of active word-formation processes occurring in modern Slavic languages under the influence of the universal tendency of linguistic globalization.
Mythological, Historical and Personal: the Story of Creation of Mary Renault’s Dilogy “Theseus”
Authors: Artamonova M. V. , Tulina E. V.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the mythological, historical and personal aspects of the creation of the Theseus dilogy (“The King Must Die”, 1958; “The Bull from the Sea”, 1962) by the English author Mary Renault (1905-1983). The relevance of the study is due to the need to comprehend these mythocentric works, which are the result of the synthesis of various types of artistic mythologism. The study is based on the principles of comparative historical, biographical and historical-genetic methods of analysis of a work of art. The traditions of mythologism in the English literature of the twentieth century are analyzed. The following features are distinguished: the mythological tradition of the twentieth century reflects the pressing issues of our time; modern mythologism implies a change or destruction of the canon. It is stated that the principle of historicity of M. Renault novels is implemented on the basis of archaeological and anthropological works of her contemporaries. It is proved that two types of artistic mythologism are simultaneously used in dilogy: demythologization and remythologization. The authors argue that this approach makes mythogenesis possible within the framework of a realistic narrative. In addition, the question about the implementation of the author’s creative intention to attract public attention to the problems of same-sex relationships is raised.
Dialect Lexicography: to the Problem of Thematic Presentation of Vocabulary of the Middle Volga Dialects
Authors: Bazhenova T. E.
Published: June 2020

The results of work on a multi-aspect thematic dictionary of Samara dialects is summarized in the article. The novelty of the study is that the created dictionary is the first combined dialect dictionary in the region. It is reported that the language corpus of vocabulary fixations compiled by participants in dialectological expeditions using the methodology for presenting a thematic questionnaire to respondents is used as the main source of material for the thematic dictionary. The question is raised about the possibility of a systematic representation of the vocabulary of secondary dialects. The idea is proved that the thematic presentation of vocabulary material occupies an essential place in the complex characterization of the Volga dialects along with methods for presenting facts at other levels of the language (phonetic, morphological, etc.). The possibility of establishing classifying semantic and word-formation features is demonstrated in the example of separate thematic groups of the dictionary. Attention is drawn to the variety of word-formation formants in lexical-semantic groups, their role in the organization of a certain semantic space. It is concluded that the publication of a thematic dictionary offers great opportunities for the study of dialects of territories of late settlement in various aspects. The author of the article states that the thematic principle of the presentation of vocabulary material makes the structure of the dictionary open, the study of the lexical level of modern dialects is promising.
“Underground Love”: D. H. Lawrence and “Notes from the Underground” by F. M. Dostoevsky
Authors: Markova E. A.
Published: June 2020

The reception of the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky “Notes from the Underground” in the works and correspondence of D. H. Lawrence is analyzed in the article. The novelty of the study is in the fact that the influence of this story on Lawrence’s prose is being studied for the first time. Particular attention is paid to Lawrence’s letters to the translator S. S. Kotelyansky, with whom the English writer shared his impressions of reading the works of Russian classics, especially Dostoevsky, as well as to one of the letters addressed to the writer G. Campbell, which contains the only direct reference to “Notes from the Underground” in Lawrence. This letter reveals an individual interpretation of the story by Lawrence. It is proved that this interpretation turns out to be close to the reading of the Notes by L. Shestov. The question is raised about the existing parallels between the text of Dostoevsky and the novels of D. G. Lawrence (“Women in Love”, “The Lost Girl”, “Rainbow” and “Aaron’s Rod”). The similarity is seen in the peculiar interpretation of the Underground concept by Lawrence. It is shown that the image of the Underground in the works of the English writer (usually expressed by the words “underworld”, “subterranean”) is always somehow connected with the irrational principle and is involved in the formation of Lawrence sensualism.
Union of Nizhny Novgorod Teachers of Religion: Creation and Activity (1902-1918)
Authors: Arkhipova N. E.
Published: June 2020

The activity of the first in Russia teachers of religion union of secondary educational institutions of Nizhny Novgorod (since 1915 - all Nizhny Novgorod teachers of religion) is considered. The relevance of the study is due to the revival of religious education in the modern school. The novelty of the study is that for the first time a generalized analysis of the work of the union, designed to rally the teachers of the “Law of God”, is presented, to facilitate the exchange of experience in order to increase the educational value of the course in the context of expanding secularization of public consciousness. It is concluded that the union carried out important work on the analysis of spiritual literature, textbooks, curricula, and sample lessons. It is shown that the lack of power and authority of the union deprived it of the opportunity to influence the choice of new teachers of religion and deputies for exams on the course “God’s Law”, limited its importance in solving the problems of religious and moral education of students. The author has come to the conclusion that the union, becoming an example for other cities, played a role in understanding the teaching theory and practice for harmonizing and optimizing the work of teachers of religion. It was established that in 1917-1918 the union took measures to preserve the institution of teaching of religion at school.
Retail Trade in the Sverdlovsk Region in 1951-1958
Authors: Mamyachenkov V. N. , Kulikova E. S.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to a rather relevant, but still little developed topic in regional historiography. The basis for the study was largely unpublished materials from three regional archives. It is stated that trade is the basis of the development of the economy of any state. It is stated that the purpose of this article was to study the state of retail trade in the Middle Urals (Sverdlovsk Region) in one of the interesting periods in the history of the former USSR - the fifth and sixth (incomplete) five-year periods (1951-1958). It is declared that it was during the mentioned period that the country began to gradually move away from the difficult legacy of Stalin's totalitarianism, very significant economic projects were being implemented, and the reform of the management of the national economy was launched. There were impressive scientific achievements, primarily in the military and military space fields. It is argued that the beginning of the study period in the trading sector of the Middle Urals did not inspire much optimism. The thesis is put forward that, as the Soviet economy developed, the situation in the trade sphere also gradually changed for the better. It is noted that the assortment of goods that Soviet trade had in the period under study clearly lagged behind modern requirements. It is concluded that the period under study was a step forward in the development of the trading sphere of the Middle Urals, although it was still very far from meeting its civilized standards.
City Self-Government in Russia at the End of XIX - XXI Centuries: Processes of Decentralization and Internal Structuring
Authors: Polyanina O. A.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of decentralization of urban self-government in Russia in the XIX - early XXI centuries. Both the practical experience of functioning of intra-urban municipalities (small urban units), and the level of theoretical understanding of the problems of decentralization in different periods of national history are analyzed in the article. The author has identified three time periods when the idea of creating a small city unit took on practical implementation: the revolutionary period in 1917-1918, the decade from 1995 to 2005 and the period from 2014 to the present. The author considers the socio-political context of the transformation at each of these stages. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of the regulatory framework in the studied area. It is shown that the legislation alternately ruled out, then allowed the possibility of creating intra-city municipalities, which impeded the progressive development of this level of municipal authority. The scientific novelty of the work is in the fact that the author revealed common typological features of the decentralization process that are characteristic of all the stages studied. It is concluded that the relatively low efficiency of a small urban unit is due to the politicization of its problems and the lack of historical continuity.
Components of Speaker’s Rhetoric in Terms of Interpretation of the Text of Public Speaking (based on the Speech of W. Churchill “Their Finest Hour”)
Authors: Zubakina T. N.
Published: June 2020

The results of an analysis of the rhetoric of Winston Churchill’s public speaking “Their Finest Hour” are presented in the article. The novelty of the study is in the attempt made to interpret the archival documents by comparing the facsimile draft and final texts of the speech of the British Prime Minister. It is emphasized that the authenticity of the sources studied not only determines the correctness of citation, but also is a unique confirmation of the author’s understanding of the components of W. Churchill’s oratory. It is noted that the politician embodies his concept in his own rhetorical practice. It is argued that the text of the speech, according to the theory of the “vertical dimension” of the hermeneutic circle, representing the author’s version of the event, can be interpreted by the reader / listener / researcher. An algorithm for the interpretation analysis of the Prime Minister’s speech is proposed, which is defined by the content of the article “The Scaffolding of Rhetoric”. Attention is paid to the fact that in an incomplete and not translated into Russian language article by young W. Churchill, he defines a number of terms in the rhetoric of successful public speaking: the correct choice of words and phrases in speech; the rhythm of utterance; the presence of convincing argumentation; use of analogy and expressiveness of the speaker’s language. The author of this publication dwells on such a sequence of analysis of the identified rhetorical components of the speaker’s famous speech.
Names of Diseases and Painful Conditions in Publication of V. M. Florinsky “Russian Common Folk Herbalists and Healers”: Composition, Word-Formation Models
Authors: Antsiferova O. N.
Published: June 2020

The book “Russian common folk herbalists and healers: a collection of medical manuscripts of the 16th and 17th centuries”, published by Professor V. M. Florinsky (Kazan, 1879) is analyzed. The importance of the study of written monuments of medical content for studying the history of the formation of Russian medical terminology is emphasized. The importance of studying the “Herbalist” and the “Book called cool garden” included in the collection of Florinsky is substantiated. The uniqueness of the language situation in which the named monuments were created is noted - the end of the XVII - the beginning of the XVIII centuries. The objectives of the study are listed. They include identifying the names of diseases and disease states. Word-formation models characteristic of these items are described. Nominative phrases are considered, which play the role of preterm in the professional speech of physicians. It is concluded that the processes of term formation in the Russian medical field, as well as descriptions of painful conditions, were carried out at first using the resources of the mother tongue, which coincided with the idea of the national language norm. Attention is drawn to the fact that the combination of Russianisms, Slavisms and borrowed words in the sources studied can serve as confirmation of the hypothesis about the formation of a new book type of language in which the stylistic neutralization of the genetic differences of lexemes begins.
Nicknames of English-Speaking Adolescent Users of Social Networks (on the Example of Twitter)
Authors: Kaziaba V. V. , Barmina D. E.
Published: June 2020

The features of the self-nomination of English-speaking adolescents in Internet communication - in a social network such as Twitter microblogging are discussed in the article. The focus of the article is the anthroponymic units of Internet communication - nicknames belonging to Internet users of the age group of 12-17 years. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to fill up research gaps in socio-, psycho- and ontolinguistics, as well as the unflagging attention of philologists to the anthropocentric aspects of Internet communication. The novelty lies in an integrated approach to the consideration of the features, methods and means of naming teenagers on Twitter. The nominative potential of nicknames is analyzed. In accordance with the nature of the constitutive token, self-nomination groups of autonomous, pseudonymous, and transitional types are distinguished. Conclusions are drawn about the characteristics of the anonymity of teenage names on Twitter (the degree of anonymity and its expressiveness). The authors also dwell on the structural aspect of virtual individual names, identifying the most productive models of property creation in virtual space. The results of a graphical analysis of the research material are presented, accompanied by a quantitative characteristic of paraverbal means. The analysis has established a correlation between the psychological new formations of adolescents and the characteristics of their nicknames on Twitter. It is shown that the inconsistency and originality of the considered stage of the ontogenetic development of users is projected onto their self-nomination.
Linguistic Means of Expressing Objective Epistemic Modality in Scientific Discourse
Authors: Sakharova A. V.
Published: June 2020

The predicates typical of scientific discourse shown, proved, established , etc., which are used to present the results of the study are discussed in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the scientific significance of addressing the problem of discursive research of epistemic indicators of reliability in the context of the principles of the language postclassical logical analysis. The purpose of the study is to justify the “modality” of these constructions and describe the epistemic modal meaning that they bring to the proposition, as specific propositional attitudes. The methodology used in the article is based on some basic principles of modal (in particular, epistemic) logic and linguistic semantics of J. Lyons and E. V. Paducheva. The novelty of the study is in the fact that the pragmatic functions of the considered predicates are described. It is shown that, in addition to a simple statement, their value contains an epistemic modal component, which is based on the value of “provability” described by modal logic. It is established that this modal meaning correlates with the category of objective language modality. Particular attention is paid to logical and linguistic grounds on which these predicates are classified as modal. The question is raised about the functioning of these predicates in contexts complicated by indicators of subjective epistemic modality with a value of problematic certainty. It is concluded that the predicates shown, proved, established, and similar ones indicate the “objective” (verifiable) nature of the information presented and the author’s conviction of the reliability of the described data, and constructions with the indicated predicates also perform a rhetorical function and enhance the “persuasiveness” of the text.
Repragmatization of the ME TOO Speech Act in Social and Communicative Practices of the Internet
Authors: Shkapenko T. M. , Milyavskaya N. B.
Published: June 2020

The pragmatic nature of the Me too speech act is studied in two different areas of functioning: outside the Internet environment and in cyberspace. It is noted that in normal communication Me too is a response cue that closes an adjacency pair and does not have a persuasive potential. On the Internet, this speech act undergoes radical changes, turning into a stimulus statement that initiates the mass participation of a certain target audience in the movement against sexual harassment. It is shown that the pragmatic transformation of the phrase is due to the action of both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The transition from a responsive cue to an initial utterance is ensured by a common presupposition for all addressees, while the versatility of intentions acquired by the speech act (affirmation, recognition, accusation, appeal) together with the deictic pronoun of the first person endow it with a high degree of persuasiveness. As the psychological basis for the effective impact of the phrase, the ideas of the American psychological school about the importance of empathy and the therapeutic effect of public actions - confessions are successfully introduced into the consciousness of a globalized community. The novelty of the study is that for the first time the fact of the limited relevance of individual postulates of pragmalinguistic theories for the Internet space is established. The relevance of the work is associated with the need for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of repragmatization of the Me too , which receives the role of a semiotic marker and a cultural symbol of a new wave of the feminist movement.
Olonkho Comparisons: Stability and Transformations (based on the Texts from the Northern Epic Tradition of the Yakuts)
Authors: Lvova S. D.
Published: June 2020

The results of a comparative analysis of options for staible comparisons characteristic of the northern epic tradition of the Yakuts are presented. The relevance of the study is due to insufficient research of comparisons on the material of epic texts of the northern regions matching the established traditions of the olonkho of the central and Vilyuy regions of Yakutia to identify their commonality and specificity. Particular attention is paid to the structure of comparative constructions, their parallelization and the content of comparison images. A detailed analysis of the components of the five stable comparisons operating in all four texts is provided. As a result of the study, increased stability of comparisons was established in the Verkhoyansk, Mom and Oymyakon texts of the olonkho, in which only the peripheral part varies (epithets, additional terms of parallelism). The author’s notable introduction of the narrator in the Middle Kolyma text is considered, where peculiar objects and images of comparison are revealed. A comparison image was found that is characteristic only of the northern epic tradition when describing the heroic table. The definitions of individual obsolete words and their interpretation with the aim of establishing the original images of olonkho are given. A definition of the word kunnyalyk , missing in the dictionaries of the Yakut language, used as an epithet, included in the comparison construction and as a designation of an independent reference standard is proposed.
Education as an Instrument of Russian “Soft Power” in Russian-Mongolian Relations at the End of XX - Beginning of XXI Centuries
Authors: Aktamov I. G.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of cooperation in the field of education between Russia and Mongolia in recent history. The transformation of bilateral ties in the educational sphere under the influence of various factors is discussed in the study. Attention is paid to the prerequisites for reducing the intensity of bilateral contacts, as well as the implementation of specific projects that, to one degree or another, stimulate the growth of academic mobility. It is shown that the historical processes of the late twentieth century in Mongolia had an impact on the cooling of relations between countries. It is noted that in the 2000s, Mongolian-Chinese relations, including in the humanitarian sphere were intensified. It is affirmed that China’s “soft power” in the form of various kinds of programs for young people is systemic and influences the formation of public consciousness in relation to the “southern neighbour”. The author considers it necessary to recognize that, for objective reasons, Russia is inferior to China in the field of humanitarian projects. At the same time, the benevolent attitude towards the Russians and to Russia as a whole on the part of the population of Mongolia, especially the older generation is noted. The relevance of the study is to identify trends, factors that determine the nature of the mutual influence of Russia and Mongolia in the field of education in the latest period of historical development. The nature of the interaction of Mongolia and the regions of Russia and their role in the development of bilateral relations are analyzed.
Beginning of “Kulak Exile” to the Tobolsk North (1930)
Authors: Alekseeva L. V.
Published: June 2020

The article contains systematic information about the process of resettlement of dispossessed peasants to the North of Western Siberia during the 1930s. It is alleged that this was the first stage of peasant exile, which began in February 1930. In total, researchers distinguish three stages (1930-1933). Based on documents and scientific publications, plans for the resettlement of dispossessed peasants to the Tobolsk North is discussed in the article. Features of preparation for the resettlement of “kulaks” and members of their families to the North by the example of agricultural districts of the Ural region are disclosed. The novelty of the study is that the author by comparative analysis reveals the number of peasants to be evicted, as well as the number of peasants who appeared in the Tobolsk north by the end of 1930. Particular attention is paid to the processes of transporting “kulaks” in two stages: in winter, and also in spring et summer (in navigation) in 1930. For the first time, data on the number of peasants delivered by river transport to the North is presented. The names of steamboats, the number of barges that transported people, places of settlement are reported. Statistics on the ratio of the number of local population and special settlers in the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk districts is provided. Digital data allow the author to conclude that the North of Western Siberia has become a region of increased concentration of special groups of population.
Press in System of Bolshevik Propaganda during the Civil War in the North-West of Russia in 1919
Authors: Konkin A. A. , Tropov I. A.
Published: June 2020

The issues related to determining the place of the regional Bolshevik press in the system of propaganda activities of the Bolsheviks during the Civil War in the North-West of Russia in 1919 are discussed in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of the media in the regulation of socio-political processes both in modern Russia and in its historical past. The novelty of the study is in the consideration of the Bolshevik periodicals as a purposefully used by the "red" tool in achieving victory in the military-political confrontation with the White Guards. A comparative analysis of the materials of Bolshevik publications published in 1919 in the North-West of Russia was carried out. It is concluded that the press occupied an important place in the Bolshevik propaganda system in the northwestern region. It was established that its keynote was the formation of a negative image of the enemy in contrast with the Bolsheviks and the Red Army. It is proved that in the local Bolshevik press the image of "Soviet power" as the only fair and the Red Army as a powerful and invincible force was consistently created. It is shown that the positions and slogans put forward in the Bolshevik press were called upon to provide massive support for the revolutionary forces in the region and the mobilization of forces to repulse the enemy.
History and Traditional Culture of Altai in Context of the Historical Policy of Soviet State of 1920s-1940s: based on the materials of “Siberian Lights” Magazine
Authors: Krasilnikova E. I.
Published: June 2020

The dynamics of the memory policy aimed at forming in the historical memory of the readership of the Siberian Lights Magazine of the 1920s-1940s ideas about the historical past and traditional culture of Altai people is traced in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the growing attention to the features of historical knowledge in the public space, its structuring, the means of conceptual interpretation and the use in the processes of political self-regulation of society at various stages of development. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the history of the state policy of memory in relation to the past of Gorny Altai in its substantive and procedural aspects has not yet become the subject of independent scientific research. The contexts and conditions of creating journal representations of the historical past of Gorny Altai are revealed. The list of the authors covering this topic is characterized, as well as the factors that influenced the creation of journal representations of the history of the Altai people. The stages of this representation are established and characterized. It is shown how the memory policy techniques used by the authors of this journal at different stages changed. It is proved that at the stage of the 1920s, the Siberian Lights served as a platform for polemics of historians and subjects of regional politics, relatively independent in relation to the central government. At the second stage of the 1930s - 1940s, the authors of the journal were included, first of all, in the process of implementing the policy of memory of the central authorities.
Homelessness of Children as a Social Phenomenon in 1941-1945: Manifestations and Attempts to Overcome in Middle Volga
Authors: Mukhamedov R. A. , Pashkin A. G.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main directions and specifics of the activities of state bodies and public organizations of the Middle Volga region in the fight against children homelessness in 1941-1945. At the present stage of Russia’s development, the government and society are paying considerable attention to eliminating crime and preventing deviant behavior among minors, which in turn strengthens the urgency of the problem. The authors introduce into the scientific circulation previously unavailable documents of the State Archive of the Ulyanovsk Region, the State Archive of Recent History of the Ulyanovsk Region, the Samara Regional State Archive of Socio-Political History. The reasons for the development of homelessness, its scope are analyzed in detail in the article, and also the key areas of activity of the internal affairs bodies are considered. It is proved that in the initial period of the Great Patriotic War in the territory of the Middle Volga region a number of factors were recorded that contributed to the criminalization of minors: significant population migration, unstable work of railway and water transport, the termination of educational institutions, an increase in the number of street and street children. It is shown that the answer to the challenge was the development of a method for combating juvenile crime, based on the close interaction of law enforcement, educational bodies and public organizations. It is alleged that the use of new methods has partially reduced the impact of negative trends and, consequently, improved the criminal situation among minors.
Dynamics of Development of Oikonymic System in Northern Lyudik Language Area
Authors: Mullonen I. I. , Zhukov A. Yu.
Published: June 2020

Some aspects of the formation of the oikonymic system of the local territory during the second half of the II millennium, which is caused, on the one hand, by the development of the settlement structure, and on the other, by the laws of toponymic nomination are discussed in the article. The material for analysis was information from historical documents (cadastres, census lists, lists of populated areas) of the 16th - early 20th centuries, as well as the results of field gatherings in the territory of the northwestern Onega inhabited by Karelian people. It is proved that the system of oikonyms includes elements dating back to different chronological periods. At the same time, oikonymic models are identified that mark individual stages in the development of the system. Particular attention is paid to the existence of oikonyms on two levels: official (written) and unofficial (oral). Of these, the former was more conservative, and the latter was more responsive to changes in circumstances related to the life of the settlement, change of ownership of the courtyard, etc. It was revealed that the widespread adoption and consolidation in the official practice of popular names occurred in the middle of the XIX century. The relevance of the study lies in a number of new etymological interpretations of oikonyms, for which historical sources are used, which made it possible to build chains of successively changing variants of the name. As a result, some Karelian folk forms of Orthodox names were reconstructed, and the list of non-calendar Karelian anthroponyms was expanded.
Peculiarity of Embodiment of Literary Text by N. Leskov in Libretto of Opera by R. Shchedrin “The Enchanted Wanderer”
Authors: Burdina S. V. , Sultanova L. N.
Published: June 2020

On the example of reading two texts the story of N. Leskov “The Enchanted Wanderer” and the libretto of “opera for a concert stage” by R. Shchedrin the mechanism of transformation of a literary text into an opera libretto text is described in the article. The principles of elimination, intensification and re-emphasis are described as basic principles of such a transformation. It is shown how their implementation affects the concept of the main character, genre features and the architectonics of the libretto. Particular attention is paid to the concept of the main character. It is concluded that, working with Leskov’s text, reducing and supplementing it, shifting individual accents, R. Shchedrin as a whole does not deviate from the narrative in the interpretation of the concept of the main character, does not violate the genre specificity of the work, the general drawing of its plot and plot canvas. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that Shchedrin’s opera “The Enchanted Wanderer” (last production - New York, 2015) still causes a considerable research reaction both in Russia and abroad. The novelty of the article is due to the fact that there is no literary study on the comparative analysis of two texts: the story of Leskov and the opera libretto by Shchedrin. Meanwhile, the consideration of the ways and methods that artists went to implement the main idea of the work seems important and interesting.
Analogies in Yakut Olonkho and Tuvan Epos: Plot-Compositional Structure, Motives (based on the Epics “Nyurgun Bootur the Swift” by G. K. Orosin and “Hunan-Kara” Changchi-Khoo Oorzhak)
Authors: Koryakina A. F.
Published: June 2020

The results of a comparative analysis of the texts of the Yakut and Tuvan epics in order to establish common features in the epic heritage of the Yakut and Tuvan peoples are presented in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the problem of searching for the genetic origins of the formation of the heroic epic in modern epiconception. The degree of knowledge of the problem, the style of performance of the epic in a comparative perspective are examined. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the plot-compositional structure, plot-forming motifs. As a result of the study, data were revealed that testify to the undeniable occurrence of epic legends of the Yakut and Tuvan peoples at the interface of their historical and spiritual contacts in the Turkic-Mongolian world, about their common genetic origins. Analogies are found in the manner of performing the storytellers. The proximity of the plot-compositional structure was discovered: in both epic literary texts there are all elements of the plot composition, stable for the Turkic-Mongolian epics. It is established that in the studied works the themes of matchmaking of bogatyr-heroes and their heroic campaigns, battles with monsters in order to protect fellow tribesmen are in contact. Both epics contain ancient motifs: parents provide heroes with heroic armor and a horse; description of a horse-friend, heroism; matchmaking and marriage, etc.