bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN ACARYA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KARAKTER SISWA DI PASRAMAN WIDYA MARGA DESA MENDALANWANGI KECAMATAN WAGIR KABUPATEN MALANG PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Mistriani  , Sumantra I Nengah , Giri I Putu Agus Aryatnaya
Published: November 2024

Pendidikan agama Hindu dapat dilakukan melalui pendidikan formal dan nonformal. Salah satu pendidikan nonformalnya ialah di pasraman, dimana Acarya sangatlah berperan penting dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa. Peran Acarya tersebut membentuk tingkah laku siswa yang sebelumnya kurang baik menjadi baik, dan yang sebelumnya sudah baik menjadi lebih baik lagi. Adapun masalah yang akan dibahas antara lain 1) Bagaimana proses pembelajaran oleh Acarya dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa di Pasraman Widya Marga?; 2) Bagaimanakah metode pembelajaran Agama Hindu dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa di Pasraman Widya Marga?; dan 3) Apakah kendala yang dihadapi dan upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala pembelajaran Agama Hindu dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa di Pasraman Widya Marga?. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh Acarya dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa di Pasraman Widya Marga, metode pembelajaran Agama Hindu dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa di Pasraman Widya Marga, dan kendala yang dihadapi dan upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala pembelajaran Agama Hindu dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa di Pasraman Widya Marga. Adapun karakter yang dimaksud ialah karakter religius, toleransi, peduli sosial, peduli lingkungan, tanggung jawab, dan jujur.
Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis masalah adalah teori belajar sosial dari Albert Bandura dan teori behavioristik dari Skinner Metode pengumpulan datanya ialah observasi non partisipan, wawancara tak berstruktur, studi kepustakaan, dan studi dokumen. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan langkah langkah reduksi, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran Acarya dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa sudah berjalan dengan baik dimana Acarya sebagai sumber pengetahuan, teladan, dan motivasi. Acarya menggunakan beberapa metode dalam proses pembelajaran yakni metode Sad Dharma. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa meliputi faktor eksternal dan internal yang diantisipasi dengan melakukan inovasi membuat media secara mandiri dan menerapkan pendekatan secara personal (Upanisad).
 
Kata Kunci: Pasraman, Acarya, Karakter, Sad Dharma.
Implementasi Model Discovery Learning Pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu Dan Budi Pekerti Di Sma Negeri 1 Semarapura
Authors: Aprilia Ni Nengah , Nanduq Ferdinandus , Armini Ida Ayu Adi
Published: November 2024

Model discovery learning adalah pembelajaran penemuan sehingga model pembelajaran ini berguna bagi dunia pendidikan bahkan pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu dan budi pekerti. Berdasarkan observasi awal penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning di lokasi penelitian, menunjukan peningkatan motivasi belajar hasil belajar dan respon aktif siswa. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori behavioristik dari Skinner, dan teori konstruktivistik dari Vygotsky. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, guru pendidikan agama Hindu dan budi pekerti, siswa kelas XI.9. Metode pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara mendalam, studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumen. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Proses implementasi model discovery learning pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu dan budi pekerti di SMA Negeri 1 Semarapura yaitu : (1) Stimulation, (2) Problem Statement, (3) Data Collection, (4) Data Processing, (5) Vertification, (6) Generalization. Tahap evaluasi yakni presentasi hipotesis dan penilaian individu. (2) Hambatan dan upaya dalam implementasi model discovery learning pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu dan budi pekerti di SMA Negeri 1 Semarapura. hambatan meliputi : (1) kurangnya efisien waktu pembelajaran; (2) Kurangnya keterampilan guru dalam membuat media pembelajaran. Upaya meliputi : (1) optimalisasi waktu pembelajaran; (2) peningkatan dan pelatihan profesionalisme guru. (3) Dampak implementasi model discovery learning pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Hindu dan budi pekerti di SMA Negeri 1 Semarapura yaitu (1) dampak terhadap citra sekolah, (2) dampak terhadap keterampilan guru, (3) dampak terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, (4) dampak terhadap hasil belajar siswa, (5) dampak terhadap respon aktif siswa.
Upaya Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas VIII SMP PGRI 1 Denpasar Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti Melalui Penerapan Soal HOTS
Authors: Ni Kadek Hari Sitaresmi , I Gusti Ngurah Agung Wijaya Mahardika , Ni Nyoman Yunike Kurniarini
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang langkah-langkah terbaik untuk mengimplementasikan soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIII SMP PGRI 1 Denpasar pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan penilaian berbasis soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill)  sehingga mampu memperbaiki dan meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIII SMP PGRI 1 Denpasar Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) Partisipan, sehingga dalam penelitian ini peneliti berperan penuh dan terlibat secara langsung dalam proses penelitian dari awal hingga akhir. Model PTK yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model PTK oleh Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart yang merupakan pengembangan dari model Kurt Lewin. Hasilnya, perolehan nilai rata-rata sebesar 63 dan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar saat pra-siklus sebesar 33% mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I dengan langkah penerapan soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) terintegrasi model pembelajaran saintifik dan metode diskusi berkelompok memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 74 dan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar sebesar 62%. Peningkatan terakhir pada siklus II dengan langkah penerapan soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) terintegrasi model pembelajaran gamifikasi dan metode diskusi berkelompok memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 85 dan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar 86%. Kesimpulannya, langkah-langkah terbaik untuk mengimplementasikan soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIII SMP PGRI 1 Denpasar, mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti adalah penerapan langkah-langkah pada siklus II, yang mengintegrasikan soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill)  dengan model gamifikasi dan metode diskusi berkelompok. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya disarankan untuk menganalisis keterbatasan dalam penelitian ini, sehingga penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan.
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Authors: Mariantika Ni Putu , Perbowosari Heny , Muliani Ni Made
Published: November 2024

Perkembangan globalisasi dan teknologi memberikan perubahan secara signifikan terhadap segala aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk mempengaruhi perilaku anak. Dewasa kini, anak sekolah dasar sudah mengenal berpacaran bahkan mampu mengungkapkan perasaan yang dialami kepada lawan jenis. Fenomena ini penting untuk diteliti agar anak mampu memahami bahwa sekolah dasar adalah masa untuk belajar sebagai seorang brahmacari. Adapun rumusan masalah: (1) Gaya pacaran anak sekolah dasar di SD Negeri 26 Pemecutan (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu); (2) Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari gaya pacaran anak sekolah dasar terhadap motivasi belajar siswa SD Negeri 26 Pemecutan (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu); (3) Peran guru pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti dalam menyikapi fenomena gaya pacaran anak sekolah dasar di SD Negeri 26 Pemecutan (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gaya pacaran anak, dampak yang ditimbulkan, serta peran guru Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti dalam menyikapi fenomena gaya pacaran anak sekolah dasar di SD Negeri 26 Pemecutan (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu). Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori rangsang balas dan teori pondasi moral. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi, dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Anak dalam perspektif Hindu dikategorikan sebagai pelajar (brahmacari), sehingga belum pantas untuk berpacaran. Gaya pacaran anak saat ini dilakukan dengan bertemu secara langsung di sekolah/di luar sekolah, dan memanfaatkan media sosial; (2) Dampak yang ditimbulkan yaitu dampak negatif dan positif; (3) Peran guru Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti adalah sebagai pengawas, pembimbing, dan pengarah dalam mendidik anak berlandaskan ajaran agama Hindu.
Adopting sustainable mobile learning: Investigating long-term integration at UEW with a focus on infrastructure, resources, and institutional support
Authors: Adablanu Selorm , Offei Michael , Boateng Atta
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the long-term sustainability of mobile learning (M-learning) integration at the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana. It explores critical factors such as infrastructure, resource allocation, and institutional support. Employing a quantitative research approach, the study utilised a structured questionnaire to collect data from 69 respondents, including Level 400 students from the Information and Communication Technology and Communication and Media Studies departments. Key findings highlight the importance of robust infrastructure, adequate resource distribution, and comprehensive institutional backing for sustainable M-learning practices. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and institutions aiming to enhance the longevity and effectiveness of M-learning initiatives in higher education.
The problem of individuality in traditional Tuvan culture
Authors: Danchay-ool Ayas Anatolyevich , Davaa Ekaterina Karbyi-Oolovna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the research is the authentic aspects of the development of individuality in the Tuvan culture, built on syncretism, uniting man and nature. In such a system, society is organically included in the structure of nature. It is important to take into account that the individual is not thought of as an indivisible object of social relations, since in mythology and the religious system there are examples of likening man to any other living beings and dividing the soul into components or types. Also, the subject of the research stands out in the traditional culture, focused on continuity between generations and the preservation of ancient forms of worldview. However, understanding the ideological and cultural reasons for the emergence of new forms of individuality in Tuvan culture allows us to solve the problems of social policy, cultural policy and pedagogy. The conclusions of the study are the definition of differences in the development of individuality in the European cultural tradition and Tuvan culture. It is determined that the very concept of individuality is formed in European culture on the basis of a religious worldview, in which the concepts of the Absolute, substance and soul are formed. These concepts in Tuvan culture do not have identical forms, which is proven in the authentic forms of understanding man and soul. Universals of thinking, which inevitably developed in European culture, were not created in Tuvan culture, which operates only with a locus. The article also revealed that Tuvan culture is characterized by contextuality, leading to a shift in the source of individuality towards nature and society. As a result, it was found that individuality in Tuvan culture is revealed in the inclusion of a person in a complex of natural objects that have absolute value and uniqueness.
Atypical case of wrist pain in young with Madelung deformity
Authors: Vemuri Vineet Kumar , Madhu Mallik Gutti Raghu , Durgaprasad Bhamidipaty Kanaka , Vemuri Naga Varaprasad
Published: December 2024

The Vickers ligament is a distinct ligamentous structure that connects the lunate bone and the triangular fibrocartilage complex to the distal radius. It is commonly present in individuals with Madelung deformity, a congenital malformation of the wrist. This ligament restricts the normal growth and movement of the radius, contributing to the characteristic wrist deformity and often leading to pain and functional limitations. Madelung deformity is frequently observed in young females and often presents with symptoms of wrist pain, restricted range of motion, and visible deformity. Here, we describe an intriguing case of a young female patient who presented with wrist pain and was found to have Madelung deformity in her left wrist. This case highlights the importance of recognizing Vickers ligament as a contributing factor to the patient’s symptoms and the deformity’s progression.
Midbrain volume in brain herniation: A volumetric analysis in operative traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lara-Reyna Jacques , Karabacak Mert , Wedderburn Raymond , Legome Eric , Margetis Konstantinos
Published: November 2024

Background:

This study primarily aimed to assess the volumetric attributes of the midbrain and perimesencephalic structures preoperatively and following surgical interventions in patients diagnosed with brain herniation secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods:

We evaluated patients based on radiological findings and clinical symptoms indicative of brain herniation. We performed semi-automated segmentation of the intracranial structures most relevant to trauma and of interest for the current study, such as hematoma, ventricles, midbrain, and perimesencephalic cisterns. Using preoperative and postoperative computed tomography scans, we measured and analyzed the volume of these structures. Patients were grouped based on their discharge Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores: GCS 15 and non-GCS 15.

Results:

From May 2018 to February 2020, we included 20 patients in the study. Our volumetric analysis revealed that preoperative midbrain volume (5.84 cc vs. 4.37 cc, P = 0.034) was a significant differentiator between GCS 15 and non-GCS 15 groups. Preoperative midbrain volume remained significant in univariate (odds ratio [OR] = 2.280, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.126–5.929, P = 0.04) and multivariate logistic regression analysis (adjusted OR = 3.204, 95% CI = 1.228–12.438, P = 0.038) even after adjusting for age, sex, and admission GCS score. We identified a cut-off point of 4.86 ccs in preoperative midbrain volume, which demonstrated a discriminatory performance of 0.788 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 80.0% accuracy, 77.8% sensitivity, and 81.8% specificity between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that patients presenting with lesser midbrain compression preoperatively tended to have improved clinical outcomes postsurgery. Thus, we propose that this preoperative midbrain volume cut-off point holds predictive value for clinical outcomes within our cohort.
Intratumoral pseudoaneurysm in a carotid body tumor
Authors: Ortega Valeria , Calderon Julio , Ahumada Fernando , Quiroz Alfaro Alejandro José , Diaz Orlando
Published: November 2024

Background:

The occurrence of secondary vascular pathology in paragangliomas is extremely rare, particularly in carotid body tumors (CBTs).

Case Description:

A 73-year-old female presented with computed tomography angiography revealing a right CBT with a large intratumoral contrast collection. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed a CBT with an internal carotid artery (ICA) intratumoral pseudoaneurysm. Interventional neuroradiology performed coil embolization of the pseudoaneurysm, and a covered stent was placed in the ICA. Surgical intervention was deferred, and the patient was closely monitored with Doppler ultrasound.

Conclusion:

Diagnostic imaging is crucial in the management of CBT, offering detailed assessment of tumor morphology and their anatomical relationships, particularly in identifying coexisting vascular anomalies. Recognition of vascular pathologies, such as intratumoral pseudoaneurysms, is critical, as failure to do so could lead to life-threatening complications, including severe bleeding during surgical resection. In cases where surgical resection is high risk due to tumor classification or patient comorbidities, palliative endovascular treatment presents a viable alternative. This approach not only reduces tumor vascularity and provides symptomatic relief but also minimizes procedural risks. While surgical resection remains the gold standard for complete tumor removal, embolization serves as an option in complex or inoperable cases and may also be used to reduce intraoperative risks when surgery is feasible.
Emergent salvage of the vertebral artery with flow diverter pipeline stent following vessel laceration: Systematic literature review and illustrative case example
Authors: Evans Alexander R. , Stanfield Jack E. , York Abigail , Jen Shyian , Shakir Hakeem J.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Iatrogenic injury to neck vasculature is a potentially life-threatening complication of spine surgery. We present an illustrative case describing the use of the PipelineTM Embolization Device (PED) in the emergent reconstruction of the vertebral artery (VA) following vessel laceration. In addition, we document a systematic review concerning the use of the PED in acute to chronic iatrogenic injury of the internal carotid or VAs.

Methods:

This study was a systematic literature review and illustrative case example.

Results:

A 73-year-old woman underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery complicated by left VA injury. The incision was promptly packed and pressure held while the vessel was salvaged using a PipelineTM stent. At 6 months follow-up, the patient had no residual symptoms. A systematic review identified 11 publications meeting study criteria, in which 16 patients were reported to have an injury to the internal carotid or VAs. Patients were grouped into acute, subacute, and chronic cohorts. In the acute group, the majority of patients experienced injury during transsphenoidal resection or ACDF procedures. All cases in the acute group received immediate intervention with the deployment of a PED device. One patient experienced continued contrast extravasation, necessitating vessel sacrifice through superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass. All patients recovered to their neurologic baseline. In the subacute and chronic groups, two patients experienced complications, with the majority going on to recover to their neurologic baseline.

Conclusion:

PED placement is a viable management strategy for restoring anatomic integrity to head-and-neck vasculature following acute iatrogenic injury.
Short-term recurrence of stroke following misdiagnosis of carotid web masked by thrombus
Authors: Kimura Tatsuki , Yanagawa Taro , Fukumoto Kazuki , Sato Masaya , Ikeda Shunsuke , Yoshikawa Shinichiro , Uesugi Tsuyoshi , Ikeda Toshiki
Published: November 2024

Background:

Carotid webs are a potential cause of occult cerebral infarction. Although they occur frequently, proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial; surgery has been shown to provide a good outcome. Although thrombus on the carotid web have been reported, digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-confirmed cases of pre-dispersed thrombus are rare. In this study, we report a case in which a thrombus on the carotid web concealed a shelf-like defect, complicating its diagnosis.

Case Description:

A 47-year-old woman without stroke risk factors presented to our hospital with aphasia and right hemiplegia. On arrival, the symptoms had improved. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed left middle cerebral artery stenosis; however, there was no cerebral infarction. DSA was performed post-admission to examine middle cerebral artery stenosis, which showed no middle cerebral artery stenosis but left internal carotid artery (ICA) origin stenosis and contrast pooling. We diagnosed a transient ischemic attack due to artery-to-artery embolism caused by left ICA stenosis and accompanied by a contralateral carotid web. The same symptoms appeared 6 days later. MR imaging showed a new cerebral infarction and the left middle cerebral artery occlusion. A mechanical thrombectomy procedure revealed a change in ICA origin shape compared to the 1st time, with a shelf-like defect within the carotid web. She subsequently underwent carotid artery stenting and was discharged with mild dysesthesia in her right fingers (modified Rankin Scale of 1).

Conclusion:

Thrombus on the carotid web conceals characteristic shelf-like defects and may cause misdiagnosis. However, contrast pooling and contralateral carotid web are important findings for early treatment.
Impacts of type 1 Chiari malformation on elderly
Authors: Badary Amr , Atallah Oday
Published: November 2024

Background:

This study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes of elderly patients with Chiari malformation (CM) who underwent suboccipital craniectomy (SC) with duraplasty (DP) or dural splitting (DS). The focus is on symptom relief, changes in syrinx size, hospital admission duration, and postoperative complications.

Methods:

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of elderly CM patients who underwent SC with DP or dural splitting (DS). Patients older than 60 years who underwent posterior fossa decompression (PFD) together with DP or DS who underwent surgery from 1989 to 2022 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two categories based on their surgical approach – SC with DP and SC with dural splitting (DS) surgery. Demographic details, co-morbidities, clinical features, management details, Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS), complications, and follow-up details were obtained.

Results:

Of the seven patients, five were females, and two were males. The mean age at the time of the operation is 65.14 years. Among the seven patients, six had syrinx, with a mean diameter of 6.17 mm; one patient had hydrocephalus, and one had scoliosis. All the patients underwent PFD; six patients also underwent DP, and one patient underwent DS. The median CCOS at the time of discharge is 13.

Conclusion:

In elderly CM patients, surgery improved symptoms for most but led to reoperations in two cases. Despite a slight increase in syrinx diameter and a drop in the CCOS score, better outcomes were associated with smaller syrinxes. Further research is needed to optimize treatment strategies for this population.
Advanced fluorescence techniques in white matter fiber visualization for neurosurgical training
Authors: Biondi-Soares Luis Gustavo , Andreão Filipi Fim , Jiménez Luis Ángel Canache , Pereira Felipe Salvagni , Palavani Lucca Biolcati , Apaza-Tintaya René Alejandro , Korotkov Dmitriy , Filho José Maria de Campos , Wuo-Silva Raphael , Chaddad-Neto Feres
Published: November 2024

Background:

Neurosurgical training requires a deep understanding of brain anatomy, especially white matter fiber pathways, to enhance surgical precision. Traditional dissection techniques, such as Klingler’s white matter dissection, are essential, but newer methods can provide additional clarity. This study explores the application of a fluorescent-assisted technique to improve the visualization and understanding of white matter fibers during neurosurgical training.

Methods:

Twelve human brains were dissected following Klingler’s protocol, with a focus white matter fiber pathway. Fluorescent alcoholic and oily solutions were applied to highlight the fibers. Ultraviolet (UV) blacklight and yellow monochromatic filters were used to enhance visualization. Dissections were documented through photography, and the effectiveness of the fluorescent techniques was analyzed.

Results:

The application of UV light and fluorescent solutions enhanced the visualization of fiber pathways, particularly in regions with irregular fibers, such as the sagittal stratum. The alcoholic solution flowed along the anatomical paths of the fibers, aiding in their differentiation. The oily solution proved effective in specific areas, such as the internal capsule. The use of fluorescent techniques allowed for improved identification and anatomical detailing of major white matter tracts.

Conclusion:

The fluorescent-assisted dissection technique significantly enhances the visualization of white matter fibers, offering a valuable tool for neurosurgical training. This method deepens anatomical understanding, provides a three-dimensional perspective of brain structures, and can improve surgical outcomes. The study suggests potential applications in other fields, such as glioma simulation and bypass patency testing.
Teachers' Perceptions of the Implementation of Scaffolding-Metacognitive Strategies in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Dassa Awi , Sutamrin  , Ihsan Hisyam , Nasir Norma , Nurhajarurahmah St. Zulaiha
Published: November 2024

Scaffolding-metacognitive is a strategy to help students understand mathematical material, but some teachers do not yet understand the extent to which they can use the metacognitive scaffolding strategy in the learning process. This study aims to determine teachers' perceptions of the implementation of scaffolding-metacognitive strategies in mathematics learning in secondary schools. Scaffolding-metacognitive strategies, combining step-by-step teaching with the development of students' awareness and control of their thinking processes, Scaffolding-metacognitive strategies are an effective approach to improving students' understanding of complex mathematical concepts and critical thinking skills. This study used a qualitative descriptive method and the participants consisted of 15 mathematics teachers from several high schools in Makassar City and Gowa Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and direct observation during the learning process. We used the Miles & Huberman analysis framework to analyze the collected data, namely: (1) data reduction; (2) data interpretation and condensation; (3) verification and drawing conclusions. The results of data analysis showed that 60% of teachers did not understand the scaffolding-metacognitive strategy, teachers mentioned several implementation challenges, such as the difficulty of adapting strategies to students' different abilities and limited time to plan and implement learning. In addition, teachers must estimate students' actual and potential knowledge so that teachers can provide scaffolding according to students' needs. Teachers need further support and training to overcome the challenges they face when implementing scaffolding-metacognitive strategies. This research makes an important contribution to the development of more effective educational policies and teacher training programs to improve the quality of mathematics education in secondary schools.
Шутейные причитания Пензенской области
Authors: И.А. Матвеева
Published: December 2024

Русская причетная традиция вызывает неизменный интерес представителей различных научных школ. При этом их основное внимание направлено на изучение свадебных причитаний отдельных регионов России. Плачевые традиции Пензенской области довольно скромно отражены в публикациях, а шутейные причитания и связанные сними ритуалы и игры и вовсе до настоящего времени не изучались. В связи с этим, предметом нашего исследования являются шутейные причитания в контексте порождающей их обрядовой или игровой ситуации. Основу исследования составили экспедиционные (полевые) материалы из разных районов Пензенской области, которые позволили выявить систему календарных проводов-«похорон» различных персонажей. Кроме этого, элементы похоронной обрядности настолько значимы для местной пензенской традиции, что обнаруживаются и в традиционной свадьбе. Причитания, звучащие в различных ситуациях, проявляют на разных уровнях организации различные свойства. Так, тексты шутейных голошений представляют собой свободную импровизацию, касающуюся внешнего вида и здоровья персонажа и содержащую имитацию физиологического плача. Напевы шутейных причетов близки по ладовой и звуковысотной организации похоронным плачам: устойчивая ладовая конструкция с опорой на большую терцию, несмотря на нестабильную звуковысотность, является определяющим признаком жанра. Кроме этого, впервые зафиксирована групповая форма шутейных плачей, что корректирует сложившееся представление о пензенской причетной традиции.

The Russian lamentation tradition enjoys constant interest from representatives of various scientific schools. At the same time, their main attention is directed to the study of wedding lamentations of individual regions of Russia. The mournful traditions of the Penza region are rather modestly reflected in publications, and humorous lamentations and related humorous lamentations in the context of the ritual or game situation that generates them. The study is based on expeditionary (field) materials from different areas of the Penza region, which made it possible to identify a system of calendar farewells-“funerals” of various characters. In addition, elements of funeral rites are so significant for the local Penza tradition that they are also found in a traditional wedding. Lamentations sounding in various situations exhibit different properties at different levels of organization. Thus, the texts of humorous lamentations represent a free improvisation concerning the appearance of the character, his health and containing an imitation of physiological crying. The tunes of the humorous laments are close to funeral laments in their modal and pitch organization: a stable modal structure based on a major third despite unstable pitch is a defining feature of the genre. In addition, a group form of humorous laments has been recorded for the first time, which corrects the established idea of the Penza lament tradition.
Developing novel indoles as antitubercular agents and simulated-annealing based analysis of their binding with MmpL3
Authors: Ray Rajdeep , Das Stutee , Birangal Sumit Raosaheb , Boshoff Helena I. , Roma Jose Santinni , Lobo Manisha , Hariharapura Raghu Chandrashekhar , Shenoy G. Gautham
Published: December 2024

This research is an attempt to develop novel indole-2-carboxamides as antitubercular agents and understand their binding interactions at the catalytic site. In this study, mycobacterial membrane protein Large 3 (MmpL3) was chosen as the drug target and the indole-2-carboximides were designed, synthesized, and screened for antitubercular activity. Molecular modelling techniques for designing and validation included building a homology model, docking, and MMGBSA. A total of 12 molecules were synthesized and tested against the H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among which three molecules exhibited MIC of less than 1 µM. Those compounds were also found to be active against different multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains of the bacteria and results from the iniBAC promoter induction study indicated that the potent molecules could be inhibitors of MmpL3. Finally, simulated annealing studies performed with a couple of active molecules led to a detailed understanding of the protein-ligand interactions at the MmpL3 binding pocket.
New approach to the synthesis of functionalized tetralins via the TaCl5-mediated reaction 2-arylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates with aromatic aldehydes
Authors: kadikova Rita , Zosim Tat’yana , Yulbarisov Aidar , Ramazanov Ilfir
Published: November 2024

It was established that TaCl5-mediated reactions of diethyl 2-phenylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate and dimethyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate with aromatic aldehydes lead to the selective formation of di- and trihalo-substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes in high yield
Development of an Optimized Extraction Method to Recover Drug Material from Used Test Strips for Comprehensive Drug Checking
Authors: Appley Meghan , Pyfrom Elise , Elkasabany Rae , Rousch Rick , Sisco Edward
Published: November 2024

Drug checking programs use point-of-need testing (e.g., test strips) and laboratory-based analysis to rapidly identify emerging drug threats, but each have limitations. Test strips are quick but have high specificity, whereas laboratory testing can identify more compounds but have lengthy turnaround times. To address these limitations, it was proposed that compounds could be extracted from used test strips for additional analyses allowing for rapid onsite information followed by comprehensive laboratory results. The method development process involved four parts: determining the optimal extraction approach, assessing the feasibility of performing direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) analysis on extracts, determining the limits of detection (LODs) for a range of analytes, and evaluating the method using used test strips submitted by harm reduction sites. The optimized method consisted of extracting analytes of interest from a cut test strip using 0.5 mL methanol while vortexing for 10 s. DART-MS successfully identified compounds of interests and successfully identified potential false positives from chemical background. LODs were found to be as low as a mass fraction of 0.005 in a mixture. For the samples submitted by harm reduction sites, concordance between extracts and test strip results was 96 % and the agreement in compound identification between used test strip extracts and authentic drug collection samples was approximately 80% regardless of test strip type and preparation. This work shows that additional analyses of extracted test strips can provide a low-barrier way for high-quality testing that can be used to increase data on the drug landscape.
Quantifying acetylation-induced changes in the plant secondary cell wall structure and dynamics
Authors: Barkarar Murtaza , Sarkar Daipayan , Vermaas Josh
Published: November 2024

Lignin and carbohydrate rich secondary plant cell walls are abundantly available in the biosphere, and is a notable renewable feedstock for biofuels, biomaterials with wide applicability. Particularly for construction applications, long-lived wood that is resistant to fungal degradation is highly desirable. Chemical modifications, such as acetylation, have been successfully demonstrated inhibit wood breakdown. X-ray fluorescence microscopy experiments have determined that acetylation hinders fungal attack by reducing moisture content while other experiments examining moisture-induced wood damage mechanisms observed that chemical transport through cell walls is reduced after acetylation. We investigate these hypotheses directly through molecular simulation, acetylating existing models for secondary plant cell wall structure to 5-18% weight-percent gain for additional acetylations on exposed hemicellulose and lignin hydroxyl groups. By comparing diffusive behavior for cell wall polymers, water, and select ions (Na+ and Fe3+), we can track the dynamics within the cell wall and identify the causal mechanisms for reduced transport and uptake by acetylated cell walls. We find that cell wall acetylation alone does not account for reduced transport. The most substantial changes in diffusion occur in a constant volume system where the additional acetylation displaces water, reducing the moisture content for the cell wall. Utilizing these simulations, we further analyze the interactions between ions and cell wall polymers and the evolution of water pockets within the structure. Ions interact more frequently with the acetyl group than the hydroxyl groups they replace, yielding to increased ion interactions on aggregate upon acetylation. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanism through which acetylation affects secondary plant cell wall at atomic resolution.
DEMOGRAPHIC CAUSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF LAND USE CHANGE IN NAIROBI (KENYA)
Authors:   Institute of Geosciences, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 2 Egyetem utca, H-6722, Szeged, Hungary, RAEL Chepkorir , SZILASSI Péter ,   Institute of Geosciences, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 2 Egyetem utca, H-6722, Szeged, Hungary, FABULA Szabolcs ,   Institute of Geosciences, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 2 Egyetem utca, H-6722, Szeged, Hungary
Published: November 2024

Using 1995 Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, 2013 and 2020 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +) imagery, this study analyses changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in Nairobi during the last three decades. A quantitative method was applied involving the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) data to produce maps that depict LULC changes. The findings show that built-up areas increased while grasslands decreased during the examined period. Grasslands in Nairobi National Park, Karura, and Ngong’ forests display a high level of naturalness. The increase in built-up land use improved economically the areas where it occurred but led to negative environmental impacts. The main policy recommendation of this study is to regulate the type of buildings and the rate of new construction to curb this phenomenon. Similarly, instead of single homes, attached buildings should be adapted to reduce the extent of built-up areas.
Endo-bind-n-seq: identifying RNA motifs of RNA binding proteins isolated from endogenous sources
Authors: Hanelt Tiana Nicole , Treiber Nora , Treiber Thomas , Lehmann Gerhard , Eichner Norbert , Rothmeier Tamara , Schmid Georg , Reichelt Robert , Zambelli Federico , Pavesi Giulio , Grohmann Dina , Meister Gunter
Published: December 2024

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and critically depend on the specific recognition of their target RNAs. Accordingly, a selection of methods to analyze RBP specificities has been developed, including protein-RNA crosslinking and sequencing (CLIP) and in vitro selection methods such as SELEX, RNA compete or RNA bind-n-seq. However, limitations like the availability for purified recombinant proteins and custom microarray platforms (RNAcompete) or extensive sequencing depth and sophisticated bioinformatic data processing (CLIP) may limit a broader implementation of these methods. Here, we present an RNA bind-n-seq method that uses short random RNA pools and enables multiple rounds of selection. This results in strong motif enrichment with low positional variance thus reducing sequencing depth requirements. Furthermore, we have coupled our protocol to immunoprecipitation of tagged or endogenous RBPs from cultured cells or tissue samples, eliminating the need for recombinant proteins. Our method also allows for the identification of indirect RNA motifs of proteins that are integral parts of multiprotein RNPs and result in physically more relevant RNA motifs.
Are Socially Responsible Banks More Risk Averse and Dividends Providers? Empirical Evidence from a Developing Economy
Authors: Md. Al Amin , Rana Sikder , Tanvir Rahman Sohan
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study examines whether socially responsible firms are uninterested in risk-taking and whether socially responsible banks are more dividend providers than socially irresponsible ones. We conducted the analysis using the least-squares method for 290-panel data observations of 32 commercial banks operating in Bangladesh from 2008 to 2018. Methodology: We employed Ordinary Least Squares Regression for 290-panel data observations of 32 commercial banks operating in Bangladesh from 2008 to 2018 using EViews software version- 8. Moreover, we conducted descriptive analysis and correlations using SPSS software. We considered CSRI and CSRPI as the indicators of corporate social responsibility, dividend per share and stock dividend as a proxy of dividend policy, LEV (leverage), and non-performing loan to total loan as the indicators of financial risk, and lastly, Z score as the indicator of financial stability.Findings: Studies have shown that banks prioritizing social responsibility tend to pay dividends to their shareholders more frequently and consistently than banks that do not. In particular, banks that invest heavily in corporate social responsibility (CSR) tend to maintain a stable dividend payout, which can help address agency problems that arise from overinvestment in the CSR sector. Additionally, we found that banks that make huge expenditures on CSR also seem to have a low eagerness for risk-taking. Again, we found that the financial stability of a socially responsible bank is high and stable enough, which will help efficiently handle the bank’s financial risks, reduce price fluctuations, and increase financial assets that generally influence a bank’s monetary stability.Implications: Banks implementing fruitful CSR strategies can produce substantial shareholder advantages through high dividend payout levels. An expansion in CSR-related expenditure does not prompt a cut-down or reduce the portion of income paid out as dividends to shareholders. Therefore, the Output of our study will help provide critical information and a thorough understanding of corporate social responsibility and its association with the dividend policy, risk, and financial stability in the banking sector. This will also be useful to the researcher, students, and corporate policymakers while making a critical decision about whether a firm should make expenditures on CSR purposes, how it impacts a firm's dividend decision, and its connection with its overall risk and financial stability. According to the study, corporate social responsibility should be integrated into a firm's mission and strategy rather than appearing to be a mere act of generosity.Originality/ Value: This study uniquely considers CSR, dividend policy, risk, and financial stability simultaneously in a developing country. Besides, the three-dimensional measures of CSR used in the research focused on developing the economy are a precious contribution.
A Review on Determinants Affecting Commercialization of Academic Institution Final Year Projects
Authors: Xin Lan , Zaheril Bin Zainudin
Published: November 2024

Final year project is an important training and assessment component incorporated in many courses of academic institution. The ability to translate ideas, research, and creativity into actual products, services, or businesses shows how successful and impactful people or institutions can be in the wider economy. However, in most of the cases, the outcomes of the final year project usually remain as academic discussion without maximizing their potential to be converted into a commercialized product or services. In this review, theory and applications are discussed to understand how entrepreneurial skills and networking abilities, components of individuals' human capital can impact the commercialisation of final year projects. Furthermore, determinants affecting commercialization of final year projects will also be explored namely: entrepreneurial skills, networking ability, access to resources, institutional support as well as creativity and innovation.
Does the Social Enterprise Ecosystem Facilitate the Growth of Social Enterprises? An Extended Case Study of Taiwan, China
Authors: Huang Ying , Xu Caiyun
Published: November 2024

Social enterprise (SE) ecosystems are a central concept in understanding the growth of SEs, yet existing research still needs to discuss the attributes of the ecosystems and their actual impacts on SEs. Based on an extended case study, this paper explores the actual impact of ecosystems on SEs in Taiwan, China. It is found that the SE ecosystem is not a dichotomous variable of “yes-no”, but of being “strong” or “weak”. Taiwan’s SE ecosystem has supportive conditions for SEs, such as favorable public policies, research institutes, and certification of SEs. However, due to deviations in implementing public policies and the lack of cross-sectoral cooperation between the government and other actors, Taiwan’s SE ecosystem is functionally “weak”. That is, the ecosystem needs to play a sufficient role in constructing the identity of SEs, providing legitimacy support, and linking resources. Under these circumstances, while maintaining the stability of their mission and core competencies, SEs appeal to themselves to gain internal and external legitimacy to achieve organizational growth. This finding reveals the complex relationship between SE ecosystems and the growth of SEs, and has implications for the construction of supportive SE ecosystems.
Cooperative Production and Adaptive Momentum: The Constructive Logic of the New Rural Governance System in Ethnic Regions of China
Authors: Xintao Li , Yutong Xiao , Jing Zhang
Published: November 2024

The traditional governance model and hierarchical structure in China’s ethnic minority regions are inadequate for advancing farmers’ income and modernizing rural governance. Moreover, these traditional structures have resulted in governance challenges including unequal allocation of rural resources, absence of villagers’ agency, and lack of resource transparency. This study delves into the systematic structure of the “rural governance system in ethnic minority areas”. This study samples advanced ethnic minority township governance models from seven provinces, including Guangxi, Qinghai, and the Tibet Autonomous Region in China, and employs Grounded Theory to encode and analyze sub-elements within their governance systems. Subsequently, it investigates the construction logic of a novel rural governance system. (1) The research reveals that primary-level Party organization play a pivotal role in connecting bilateral delegated agency relationships, thereby establishing a mutually cooperative “chain-like” structure in village governance systems within ethnic minority areas. (2) The study identifies two cooperative production paths of the new rural governance in ethnic minority areas: top-down field-oriented party-government integrated governance and bottom-up legalized multi-subject collaborative governance. (3) By employing “integration means - bilateral mobilization” as the mechanism for momentum adjustment and relying on social autonomy, grassroots party organizations shape the momentum adjustment of the new rural governance system in ethnic minority areas. They do so by leveraging both formal and informal governance methods within this framework. Consequently, this study offers pertinent policy recommendations aimed at resolving the challenges of interest coordination and uneven developmentin ethnic minority areas amidst China’s governance modernization efforts.
Moral Worth in Gettier Cases
Authors: Sinhababu Neil
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a counterexample to the view that moral knowledge is necessary for moral worth. Justified true beliefs that an action is right confer the same degree of moral worth, whether or not they constitute knowledge. This is demonstrated with an example called "Texting the Rabbi" in which two people receive answers to moral questions – one from a wise rabbi, the other from a thief who stole the rabbi's phone and gives the same answer as the rabbi by chance. While this makes the questioners differ in moral knowledge, it creates no difference in moral worth.
Costura invisível
Authors: Schemes Claudia , Brogin Bruna , Moraes Bianca Reis de
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo de caso que aborda a moda inclusiva para pessoas com deficiência visual, a partir da problemática como podemos desenvolver uma coleção de moda inclusiva através de um método de cocriação? Essa questão justifica-se com base em dados que mostram a existência de mais de 6,5 milhões de pessoas com deficiência visual no Brasil, e a moda, como território estético e cultural de manifestação, também deve considerar a presença de corpos diversos. Nessa perspectiva, os objetivos desta pesquisa são: apresentar dados sobre pessoas com deficiência visual no Brasil; refletir sobre moda inclusiva; apresentar o método de cocriação de moda funcional Co-wear; apresentar uma proposta de vestuário que contemple a autoestima, a praticidade, o conforto e a autonomia de seus usuários sem, entretanto, diferenciá-los dos consumidores em geral, entendendo-os como parte do mercado da moda. Para isso, foram realizados os procedimentos da pesquisa em profundidade e o desenvolvimento de uma coleção de moda a partir do método Co-wear. Ao longo da pesquisa, constatou-se que, mesmo com toda a tecnologia existente no mercado, ainda há muito a ser explorado e estudado no que diz respeito ao design de moda inclusiva.