bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CaXyn30B from the solventogenic bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum is a glucuronic acid-dependent endoxylanase
Authors: Crooks Casey , Long Liangkun , St John Franz J.
Published: June 2020

Objective

We previously described the structure and activity of a glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 8 (GH30-8) endoxylanase, CaXyn30A, from Clostridium acetobutylicum which exhibited novel glucuronic acid (GA)-independent activity. Immediately downstream from CaXyn30A is encoded another GH30-8 enzyme, CaXyn30B. While CaXyn30A deviated substantially in the highly conserved β7-α7 and β8-α8 loop regions of the catalytic cleft which are responsible for GA-dependence, CaXyn30B maintains these conserved subfamily 8 amino acid residues thus predicting canonical GA-dependent activity. In this report, we show that CaXyn30B functions as a canonical GA-dependent GH30-8 endoxylanase in contrast to its GA-independent neighbor, CaXyn30A.

Results

A clone expressing the catalytic domain of CaXyn30B (CaXyn30B-CD) exhibited GA-dependent endoxylanase activity. Digestion of glucuronoxylan generated a ladder of aldouronate limit products as anticipated for canonical GA-dependent GH30-8 enzymes. Unlike the previously described CaXyn30A-CD, CaXyn30B-CD showed no activity on arabinoxylan or the generation of appreciable neutral oligosaccharides from glucuronoxylan substrates. These results are consistent with amino acid sequence comparisons of the catalytic cleft and phylogenetic analysis.
Subcellular localization of fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 and correlation with CTNNB1 genotype in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Haase Matthias , Thiel Anne , Scholl Ute I. , Ashmawy Hany , Schott Matthias , Ehlers Margret
Published: June 2020

Objective

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2 regulates the development of the adrenal gland in mice. In addition, FGFR2-mediated signalling has been shown to prevent apoptosis and to enhance proliferation in adrenocortical precursor cells. The activation of the Wingless/Int-1 (WNT)/beta catenin pathway as a key mechanism of adrenocortical tumourigenesis has been linked to FGFR2 signalling in other cell types. Therefore we hypothesised that FGFR2 expression may also play a role in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). We conducted a pilot study and analysed protein expression of FGFR2 in 26 ACCs using immunohistochemistry technique. Data on the CTNNB1 mutation status and clinical data were correlated to the expression of FGFR2.

Results

We observed a high variability in FGFR2 expression between the different tumour samples. There was a subset of ACC with comparatively high nuclear expression of FGFR2. We did not find a clear association between the CTNNB1 mutational status or clinical features and the FGFR2 expression. We conclude that FGFR signalling plays a role in adrenocortical carcinoma. Our data encourages further investigations of FGFR signalling in ACC, especially since new inhibitors of FGFR signalling are already entering clinical trials for the treatment of other cancer types.
Weakly compatible and quasi-contraction results in fuzzy cone metric spaces with application to the Urysohn type integral equations
Authors: Jabeen Shamoona , Ur Rehman Saif , Zheng Zhiming , Wei Wei
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we present some weakly compatible and quasi-contraction results for self-mappings in fuzzy cone metric spaces and prove some coincidence point and common fixed point theorems in the said space. Moreover, we use two Urysohn type integral equations to get the existence theorem for common solution to support our results. The two Urysohn type integral equations are as follows:
$$\begin{aligned} &x(l)= \int _{0}^{1}K_{1}\bigl(l,v,x(v) \bigr)\,dv+g(l), \\ &y(l)= \int _{0}^{1}K_{2}\bigl(l,v,y(v) \bigr)\,dv+g(l), \end{aligned}$$ x(l)=∫01K1(l,v,x(v))dv+g(l),y(l)=∫01K2(l,v,y(v))dv+g(l), where $l\in [0,1]$l∈[0,1] and $x,y,g\in \mathbf{E}$x,y,g∈E, where E is a real Banach space and $K_{1},K_{2}:[0,1]\times [0,1]\times \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$K1,K2:[0,1]×[0,1]×R→R.
A potential prognostic prediction model of colon adenocarcinoma with recurrence based on prognostic lncRNA signatures
Authors: Jin Lipeng , Li Chenyao , Liu Tao , Wang Lei
Published: June 2020

Background

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the common gastrointestinal malignant diseases, with high mortality rate and poor prognosis due to delayed diagnosis. This study aimed to construct a prognostic prediction model for patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) recurrence.

Methods

Differently expressed RNAs (DERs) between recurrence and non-recurrence COAD samples were identified based on expression profile data from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, recurrent COAD discriminating classifier was established using SMV-RFE algorithm, and receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the predictive power of classifier. Furthermore, the prognostic prediction model was constructed based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was used to estimate this model. Furthermore, the co-expression network of DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs was constructed followed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.

Results

A total of 54 optimized signature DElncRNAs were screened and SMV classifier was constructed, which presented a high accuracy to distinguish recurrence and non-recurrence COAD samples. Furthermore, six independent prognostic lncRNAs signatures (LINC00852, ZNF667-AS1, FOXP1-IT1, LINC01560, TAF1A-AS1, and LINC00174) in COAD patients with recurrence were screened, and the prognostic prediction model for recurrent COAD was constructed, which possessed a relative satisfying predicted ability both in the training dataset and validation dataset. Furthermore, the DEmRNAs in the co-expression network were mainly enriched in glycan biosynthesis, cardiac muscle contraction, and colorectal cancer.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that six lncRNA signatures acted as an independent prognostic biomarker for patients with COAD recurrence.
Association of quadriceps muscle, gluteal muscle, and femoral bone marrow composition using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI: a preliminary study in healthy young volunteers
Authors: Dieckmeyer Michael , Zoffl Florian , Grundl Lioba , Inhuber Stephanie , Schlaeger Sarah , Burian Egon , Zimmer Claus , Kirschke Jan S. , Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Baum Thomas , Sollmann Nico
Published: June 2020

Background

We investigated the composition of the gluteal (gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus) and quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius) muscle groups and its associations with femoral bone marrow using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat magnetic resonance imaging (CSE-MRI) to improve our understanding of muscle-bone interaction.

Methods

Thirty healthy volunteers (15 males, aged 30.5 ± 4.9 years [mean ± standard deviation]; 15 females, aged 29.9 ± 7.1 years) were recruited. A six-echo three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo sequence was used for 3-T CSE-MRI at the thigh and hip region. The proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the gluteal and quadriceps muscle groups as well as of the femoral head, neck, and greater trochanter bone marrow were extracted and averaged over both sides.

Results

PDFF values of all analysed bone marrow compartments were significantly higher in men than in women (p ≤ 0.047). PDFF values of the analysed muscles showed no significant difference between men and women (p ≥ 0.707). After adjusting for age and body mass index, moderate significant correlations of PDFF values were observed between the gluteal and quadriceps muscle groups (r = 0.670) and between femoral subregions (from r = 0.613 to r = 0.655). Regarding muscle-bone interactions, only the PDFF of the quadriceps muscle and greater trochanter bone marrow showed a significant correlation (r = 0.375).

Conclusions

The composition of the muscle and bone marrow compartments at the thigh and hip region in young, healthy subjects seems to be quite distinct, without evidence for a strong muscle-bone interaction.
Determination of a stress-dependent rock-physics model using anisotropic time-lapse tomographic inversion
Authors: Mastio Nicolas , Thore Pierre , Conin Marianne , Caumon Guillaume
Published: June 2020

In the petroleum industry, time-lapse (4D) studies are commonly used for reservoir monitoring, but they are also useful to perform risk assessment for potential overburden deformations (e.g., well shearing, cap-rock integrity). Although complex anisotropic velocity changes are predicted in the overburden by geomechanical studies, conventional time-lapse inversion workflows only deal with vertical velocity changes. To retrieve the geomechanically induced anisotropy, we have adopted a reflection traveltime tomography method coupled with a time-shift estimation algorithm of prestack data of the baseline and monitor simultaneously. For the 2D approach, we parameterize the anisotropy using five coefficients, enough to cover any type of anisotropy. Before applying the workflow to a real data set, we first study a synthetic data set based on the real data set and include velocity variations between baseline and monitor found in the literature (vertical P-wave velocity decrease in the cap rock and isotropic P-wave velocity change in the reservoir). On the synthetics, we measure the angular ray coverage necessary to retrieve the target anisotropy and observe that the retrieved anisotropies depend on the offset range. Based on a synthetic experiment, we believe that the acquisition of the real case study is suitable for performing tomographic inversion. The anisotropic velocity changes obtained on three inlines separated by 375 m are consistent and show a strong positive anomaly in the cap rock along the 45° direction (the [Formula: see text] parameter in Thomsen notation), whereas the vertical velocity change is surprisingly almost negligible. We adopt a rock-physics explanation compatible with these observations and geologic considerations: a reactivation of water-filled subvertical cracks.
Bayesian petroelastic inversion with multiple prior models
Authors: Grana Dario
Published: June 2020

Bayesian methods are commonly used for geophysical inverse problems, such as seismic and rock-physics inversion, for the prediction of petroelastic properties. Bayesian inversion is based on Bayes’ theorem and combines the information from a prior distribution and a likelihood function; in geophysical applications, the prior model generally includes the available geologic information about the model variables, whereas the likelihood includes the geophysical models that link the model to the data. The goal of Bayesian inversion is to estimate the posterior distribution of the model variables conditioned by the measured data. The focus is on the prior model and its parameters. Typically, the parameters of the prior distributions are assumed to be fixed, for example, the mean and standard deviation of the prior distribution of petroelastic properties in seismic inversion or the facies proportions and transition probabilities in facies classification. I have studied the posterior distribution of the model given the data in a Bayesian setting using multiple prior models. The posterior distribution is assessed by summing the contributions of all of the likelihood functions of the model given the data, using different sets of parameters, weighted by the probabilities of the parameters. I apply the mathematical formulation in different problems, including log-facies classification, seismic-facies classification, and petrophysical property prediction and using different methods for the prior model generation such as transition matrices, training images, and Gaussian mixture models with multiple modes. The results show that multiple prior models can match the data and that the uncertainty in the prior parameters should be accounted for in the posterior distribution of the reservoir properties.
Development, validation and translation of psychological tests
Authors: Fenn Jessy , Tan Chee-Seng , George Sanju
Published: June 2020

In social science research and clinical practice, and in educational settings, psychological tests/scales are being increasingly used because of their reliability and the ease and speed of gathering, comparing and differentiating data. A new scale is usually created when instruments or questionnaires to measure the construct of interest are not be readily available or if existing questionnaires do not fully satisfy requirements. Scales are also translated and revalidated if they are not in the language required. This article takes the reader through steps in developing, validating and translating tests in the field of social sciences.
Measurement of the AST to LD Ratio in Parathyroid Tissue Suspension Can Precisely Differentiate a Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid
Authors: Kikumori Toyone , Ichikawa Takahiro , Inaishi Takahiro , Miyajima Noriyuki , Shibata Masahiro , Takeuchi Dai
Published: June 2020

Background

Frozen section of excised tissue is used to confirm removal of the etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism in the current era of intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurement and provides safeguards for surgeons. We recently reported that the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/lactate dehydrogenase (LD) ratio in tissue suspension can accurately distinguish normal parathyroid tissue from other tissues. Therefore, we hypothesized that this ratio may also be applied to distinguish hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue (HPT) from other tissues.

Methods

We prospectively analyzed 22 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (benign, 21; malignant, 1) from July 2018 to October 2019. In total, 27 specimens were examined. Approximately 1 mm3 of minced HPT as confirmed by frozen sections was suspended in 1 mL of normal saline and AST and LD levels were measured. The AST/LD ratios of other tissues (normal parathyroid tissue, thyroid gland, adipose tissue, and others; n = 94) were obtained from our previous report.

Results

The AST/LD ratio of benign HPT was consistently higher than that of other tissues (P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off value was 0.36 according to the receiver operating characteristic curve, with 100% sensitivity and specificity. The AST/LD ratio in malignant HPT was also markedly lower than that in benign HPT.

Conclusion

This method might be a new adjunct for intraoperative differentiation of HPT with an accuracy and turnaround time comparable with those of frozen sections, minimal cost, and no need for dedicated pathological staff. Additionally, this method might increase the treatment success rate in settings with limited medical resources.
Pathological Complete Response Following Different Neoadjuvant Treatment Strategies for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hoendervangers S. , Burbach J. P. M. , Lacle M. M. , Koopman M. , van Grevenstein W. M. U. , Intven M. P. W. , Verkooijen H. M.
Published: June 2020

Background

Pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is associated with better survival, less local recurrence, and less distant failure. Furthermore, pCR indicates that the rectum may have been preserved. This meta-analysis gives an overview of available neoadjuvant treatment strategies for LARC and analyzes how these perform in achieving pCR as compared with the standard of care.

Methods

Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Central bibliographic databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials in which patients received neoadjuvant treatment for MRI-staged nonmetastatic resectable LARC were included. The primary outcome was pCR, defined as ypT0N0. A meta-analysis of studies comparing an intervention with standard fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiation (CRT) was performed.

Results

Of the 17 articles included in the systematic review, 11 were used for the meta-analysis. Addition of oxaliplatin to fluoropyrimidine-based CRT resulted in significantly more pCR compared with fluoropyrimidine-based CRT only (OR 1.46), but at the expense of more ≥ grade 3 toxicity. Other treatment strategies, including consolidation/induction chemotherapy and short-course radiotherapy (SCRT), did not improve pCR rates. None of the included trials reported a benefit in local control or OS. Five-year DFS was significantly worse after SCRT-delay compared with CRT (59% vs. 75.1%, HR 1.93).

Conclusions

All included trials fail to deliver high-level evidence to show an improvement in pCR compared with standard fluoropyrimidine-based CRT. The addition of oxaliplatin might result in more pCR but at the expense of more toxicity. Furthermore, this benefit does not translate into less local recurrence or improved survival.
Predictive Ability of C-Reactive Protein in Detecting Short-Term Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: van Kooten Job P. , Oemrawsingh Arvind , de Boer Nadine L. , Verhoef Cornelis , Burger Jacobus W. A. , Madsen Eva V. E. , Brandt-Kerkhof Alexandra R. M.
Published: June 2020

Background

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a potentially curative treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of postoperative inflammatory biomarkers in assessing complications after CRS and HIPEC.

Methods

A prospective database of 181 patients, who underwent CRS-HIPEC between March 2014 through April 2018 in the Erasmus MC, was retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative complications were defined according to the serious adverse event (SAE) grading system. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count were compared between patients with SAE grade < 3 and SAE grade ≥ 3. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for CRP and WBC against SAE ≥ 3 and various intra-abdominal complications.

Results

SAE ≥ 3 postoperative complications occurred in 50 patients. From the second until the fifth postoperative day (POD), CRP levels were significantly higher (p = 0.023, p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.002, respectively) in these patients. CRP concentrations above 166 mg/L on POD3 (AUC 0.75) and 116 mg/L on POD4 (AUC 0.70) were associated with the highest risk of an SAE ≥ 3. Postoperative WBC levels were not significantly different between patients with SAE < 3 and SAE ≥ 3 complications.

Conclusion

Data from our hospital suggest that CRP levels that continue to rise after POD2 or that are ≥ 166 mg/L at POD3 or ≥ 116 mg/L at POD4, indicate a considerable risk for developing high-grade SAEs. The cut-off values we found can potentially be used as a threshold for additional diagnostic interventions, after they have been validated in external data.
Sedentary Time and Physical Activity in Older Women Undergoing Exercise Training
Authors: WANG XUEWEN , BRENEMAN CHARITY B. , SPARKS JOSHUA R. , BLAIR STEVEN N.
Published: June 2020

Older adults have low rates meeting the physical activity (PA) guidelines and high sedentary time. Low PA and excessive sedentary time have been linked to adverse health outcomes. Less is known about whether exercise training influences sedentary time and PA in various intensities.

Purpose

This study aimed to examine the effects of a 16-wk aerobic exercise training on time spent being sedentary and on light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and step numbers in older women.

Methods

Inactive women (n = 61; age = 65.5 ± 4.3 yr) participated in moderate-intensity walking of either a low or a moderate dose (33.6 and 58.8 kJ·kg−1 body weight per week, respectively). They wore a SenseWear Mini Armband at baseline and at end intervention to determine sedentary, LPA, and MVPA time and step numbers.

Results

Time being sedentary, or spent on LPA and MVPA, did not change differently by exercise groups with different doses (all P values for group–time interaction >0.580). Overall, time being sedentary reduced from baseline to end intervention by approximately 39 min·d−1 (P < 0.001), and LPA increased by 19 min·d−1 (P = 0.003). MVPA time increased (P < 0.001), which was primarily accounted for by the supervised exercise. Interestingly, daily steps increased more in the moderate-dose than the low-dose group (P = 0.023 for group–time interaction; 33.6% and 19.8% median increase in moderate- and low-dose groups, respectively). Also, there were individual differences in these changes.

Conclusion

Results indicated that, on average, older women did not reduce time of LPA or MVPA outside the exercise program or increase sedentary time as a result of participating in the exercise program.
Resistance Training during Chemotherapy with Doxorubicin
Authors: BREDAHL ERIC C. , SHARIF SALAHEDDIN , SIEDLIK JACOB A. , WAGNER MEGHAN K. , TWADDELL MACKENZIE D. , TIGNER ALLISON T. , DOVGAN MATTHEW D. , NAJDAWI WISAM O. , HYDOCK DAVID S. , ECKERSON JOAN M. , DRESCHER KRISTEN M.
Published: June 2020

Previous research has shown that resistance training (RT) before doxorubicin (DOX) treatment attenuates the decline in muscle dysfunction; however, the effect of RT during DOX treatment is less known.

Purpose

Investigate the effects of RT before and during a 4-wk course of incremental DOX treatment on skeletal muscle function.

Methods

Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 36) were randomly assigned to the following groups: sedentary+saline (SED + SAL), sedentary+DOX (SED + DOX), RT + SAL, or RT + DOX. The RT protocol utilized a raised cage model, which provided progressive hindlimb loading throughout the 14-wk study, whereas SED animals were kept in normal housing. Starting at week 10, DOX-treated animals received 3 mg·kg−1 DOX weekly for 4 wk (12 mg·kg−1 cumulative); whereas SAL-treated groups received 0.9% NaCl as a placebo. Grip strength was recorded at 0, 10, 12, and 14 wk. Ex vivo muscle function was performed on excised soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) from the right hind limb 5 d after the last injection and were analyzed for expression of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine transporters.

Results

SED + DOX–treated animals had significantly lower EDL mass compared with SED + SAL– and RT + DOX–treated animals. Grip strength, EDL maximal force, and EDL force development were significantly lower in SED + DOX–treated animals compared with RT + SAL and SED + SAL. No significant differences in EDL function were found between RT + DOX and RT + SAL animals. DOX treatment reduced expression of CK in the SOL, which abated with RT.

Conclusions

Low-intensity RT may attenuate the decline in skeletal muscle function during incremental DOX treatment.
Skeletal Muscle Mass Is Linked to Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Youth
Authors: WITTEKIND SAMUEL G. , POWELL ADAM W. , OPOTOWSKY ALEXANDER R. , MAYS WAYNE W. , KNECHT SANDRA K. , RIVIN GREGORY , CHIN CLIFFORD
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measured by oxygen consumption (V˙O2) during exercise is an important marker of health. The traditional method of indexing V˙O2 to total body mass is suboptimal because skeletal muscle mass (SMM), rather than fat and extracellular fluid, is the main contributor to CRF. The traditional estimating equations for peak V˙O2 in youth do not account for this. Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive method to accurately measure body composition. The objectives of this study were to 1) examine the relationship of body composition indices and peak V˙O2 in healthy children, adolescents, and young adults, and 2) derive an optimized estimating equation incorporating BIA and compare its performance with traditional estimating equations.

Methods

A retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study of patients <21 yr old referred for exercise testing who did not have underlying cardiovascular disease. All patients underwent BIA immediately before exercise testing. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were constructed and tested for model performance.

Results

A total of 165 young healthy people (mean age 14 yr, 48% male) were studied. There was a strong and linear relationship between peak V˙O2 and SMM (R
2 = 0.79). The sex difference in SMM explained the most variability in CRF between boys and girls. A generalized equation using SMM (peak V˙O2 = 302 − (23.7 × age) − (50.3 × [female = 1, male = 0]) + (81.8 × SMM)) had superior performance (R
2 = 0.80) compared with estimating equations currently used in clinical practice (R
2 = 0.67).

Conclusions

SMM is a stronger correlate of CRF than is total body mass in youth and may be a better scaling variable to estimate expected peak V˙O2.
Allosteric regulation of U1 snRNP by splicing regulatory proteins controls spliceosomal assembly
Authors: Shenasa Hossein , Movassat Maliheh , Forouzmand Elmira , Hertel Klemens J.
Published: June 2020

Alternative splicing is responsible for much of the transcriptomic and proteomic diversity observed in eukaryotes and involves combinatorial regulation by many cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors. SR and hnRNP splicing regulatory proteins often have opposing effects on splicing efficiency depending on where they bind the pre-mRNA relative to the splice site. Position-dependent splicing repression occurs at spliceosomal E-complex, suggesting that U1 snRNP binds but cannot facilitate higher order spliceosomal assembly. To test the hypothesis that the structure of U1 snRNA changes during activation or repression, we developed a method to structure-probe native U1 snRNP in enriched conformations that mimic activated or repressed spliceosomal E-complexes. While the core of U1 snRNA is highly structured, the 5′ end of U1 snRNA shows different SHAPE reactivities and psoralen crosslinking efficiencies depending on where splicing regulatory elements are located relative to the 5′ splice site. A motif within the 5′ splice site binding region of U1 snRNA is more reactive toward SHAPE electrophiles when repressors are bound, suggesting U1 snRNA is bound, but less base-paired. These observations demonstrate that splicing regulators modulate splice site selection allosterically.
Water Purity
Authors: Bousiou C. , Mitropoulos S. , Moschobitis C. , Argyri P.
Published: June 2020

The subject of this paper is the purity of water, the problems facing the whole planet in terms of it, solutions for them, as well as a little research conducted by us on our peers. Based on the theoretical framework of the work, we wanted to prove to the readers: a) The problem of water pollution has now taken on enormous proportions, and is no longer just a threat to countries far from Greece, b) there are ways to ensure drinking water for ourselves and for entire communities. Regarding the exploratory part of our work, the study involved 20 junior high school and high school students, who answered a questionnaire that examined issues such as the domestic use of water for each, their behavior towards water, etc. Then, the results were recorded and presented by means of in graphs.
Air Pollution: What are perspectives of Greek students?
Authors: Μarinou M. , Argyri P.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we analyze the causes and effects of the phenomenon of Air pollution. based on research evidence on a global scale. Our aim is to inform people about this burning issue and to propose solutions to the problem. Thus, we have asked for an impact on students’ community through questionnaires. The results for the resolution include our inclusiveness in the problem and our efforts to make a collaborative environment with stakeholders.
Does Identity Disclosure Help or Hurt User Content Generation? Social Presence, Inhibition, and Displacement Effects
Authors: Pu Jingchuan , Chen Yuan , Qiu Liangfei , Cheng Hsing Kenneth
Published: June 2020

How will disclosing users’ identities affect their content-generation activities? Will this identity-disclosure policy in one section also change users’ behaviors in the other section? We answer these questions by using a natural experiment where a large corporate online community chose to disclose users’ identities in one section (the focal section) but not the other (the neighbor section). Our analyses show that in the focal section, disclosing identity increases social presence and inhibits users’ willingness to generate content, resulting in greater effort spent per content but smaller content volume. Moreover, identity disclosure in the focal section has a strong displacement effect: users generate more pieces of content but decrease their effort per content in the neighbor section, where they remain anonymous. The intensity of these effects depends on users’ pursuit of volume- and effort-based image. For the managers of online communities, disclosing users’ identity information inevitably changes their content-generation activities, and the unintended displacement effect cannot be overlooked. Practitioners can adjust these effects by changing reward systems and how users earn image from content generation. Given that many websites rely on users’ voluntary content generation, the effects of relevant policies should be comprehensively evaluated.
An Economic Analysis of Product Recommendation in the Presence of Quality and Taste-Match Heterogeneity
Authors: Shi Zhan (Michael) , Raghu T. S.
Published: June 2020

Platform-provided recommendation is ubiquitous in online markets. This paper analyzes the equilibrium implications of platform recommendation as an intervention that shifts (a portion of) consumer search effort and demand from the rest of the market to the recommended products. Our analysis provides the theoretical basis for determining which types of products the platform should recommend to optimize total producer profits or consumer surplus. We find that the quality and taste-dispersion dimensions can interact to affect the overall effectiveness of product recommendation strategies, and, in general, recommendation strategies based on observed price or sales signals cannot guarantee the optimal outcome.
A Perspective-Invariant Approach to Nash Bargaining
Authors: Nalebuff Barry
Published: June 2020

The Nash axioms lead to different results depending on whether the negotiation is framed in terms of gains relative to no agreement or in terms of sacrifices relative to an ideal. We look for a solution that leads to the same result from both perspectives. To do so, we restrict the application of Nash’s IIA axiom to bargaining sets where all options are individually rational and none exceed either party’s ideal point. If we normalize the bargaining set so that the disagreement point is (0, 0) and maximal gains are (1, 1), then any perspective-invariant bargaining solution must lie between the Utilitarian solution and the maximal equal-gain (minimal equal-sacrifice) solution. We show that a modified version of Nash’s symmetry axiom leads to the Utilitarian solution and that a reciprocity axiom leads to the equal-gain (equal-sacrifice) solution, both of which are perspective invariant.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Páginas Iniciais
Authors: Revista de Estudos Interdisciplinares Interseções
Published: June 2020

Expediente da revista.
Culturas Juvenis Católicas: aproximações teóricas às performances institucionalizadas
Authors: Carranza Brenda , Sofiati Flávio Munhoz
Published: June 2020

Com base na pesquisa “As novas configurações da religião no século XXI: um inventário sobre jovens participantes em eventos de massa religiosos”, realizada na Jornada Mundial da Juventude (JMJ/Rio Janeiro, 2013), e acompanhada de outros dados, é lastreado o posicionamento dos jovens sobre temáticas em que a Igreja católica tem um parecer definitivo e irredutível. O objetivo do texto é o de contrastar a intencionalidade da igreja e seu empenho na realização da JMJ com as posturas dos participantes da JMJ, imersos num processo de reorganização e atualização das crenças e práticas religiosas no meio de um pluralismo secular. A hipótese que orienta a discussão é a de que existe um jogo de negociação entre um alinhamento institucional dos jovens pentecostalizados e uma criativa salvaguarda da sua autonomia pessoal. Sustenta-se que uma análise baseada na categorização de uma juventude alinhada institucionalmente e conceitualizada como cultura juvenil contribui para a formulação de uma sociologia da juventude católica, ainda que tal abordagem se coloque na contramão de outros estudos realizados na mesma direção.Palavras-chave: Cultura juvenil. Catolicismo. Pluralismo secular. Alinhamento institucional
Revista Completa
Authors: Completa Revista
Published: June 2020

Interseções: revista de estudos interdisciplinares é um periódico científico semestral publicado no âmbito do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais (PPCIS), do Instituto de Ciências Sociais (ICS) da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). A revista tem classificação B1 pelo WebQuallis CAPES.
O Que é Interdisciplinaridade? Definições mais comuns em Artigos Científicos Brasileiros
Authors: Perez Olívia Cristina
Published: June 2020

A interdisciplinaridade é uma tendência entre os teóricos que se contrapõem à pesquisa e ao ensino fragmentados. No entanto, não há um consenso sobre o que é a interdisciplinaridade, o que gera dúvidas entre os profissionais que queiram trabalhar de forma interdisciplinar. Partindo dessa constatação, o objetivo da pesquisa é apresentar as concepções mais recorrentes sobre a interdisciplinaridade a partir da análise de artigos científicos que tratam do tema. Por meio da busca na plataforma Scielo por artigos que continham a palavra interdisciplinaridade no seu título, foram identificados 130 resultados, dentre os quais 90 obedeciam aos critérios da pesquisa. Os resultados apontam que a referência sobre a interdisciplinaridade mais retomada é a obra de Hilton Japiassu, e as definições mais comuns remetem à integração entre as disciplinas (métodos e esquemas conceituais) e à superação da fragmentação do conhecimento. Tais resultados demonstram uma aposta na potencialidade da prática interdisciplinar como capaz de mudar a forma como (re)produzimos o conhecimento.Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinaridade. Ciência. Conhecimento.
Directed graphs and interferometry
Authors: Melo Bruno , Brandão Igor , Tomei Carlos , Guerreiro Thiago
Published: June 2020

The observed output of an interferometer is the result of interference among the parts of the input light beam traveling along each possible optical path. In complex systems, writing down all these possible optical paths and computing their cumulative effect can become a difficult task. We present an intuitive graph-based method for solving this problem and calculating electric fields within an interferometric setup, classical and quantum. We show how to associate a weighted directed graph with an interferometer and define rules to simplify these associated graphs. Successive application of the rules results in a final graph containing information on the desired field amplitudes. The method is applied to a number of examples in cavity optomechanics and cavity-enhanced interferometers.
Enhanced modulation characteristics in broken symmetric coupled microring lasers
Authors: Xu Chi , Hayenga William E. , Hodaei Hossein , Christodoulides Demetrios N. , Khajavikhan Mercedeh , LiKamWa Patrick
Published: June 2020

The dynamical behavior of broken symmetric coupled cavity lasers is theoretically investigated. The frequency response of this class of lasers is obtained using small signal analysis under direct modulation. Our model predicts a modulation bandwidth enhancement as a broken symmetric laser, operating in the parity-time (PT) symmetry and non-PT symmetry domains. This theoretical prediction is numerically examined in a laser system based on an InGaAs quantum dot platform. Our results clearly show that in these structures, in addition to the injection current, the gain-loss contrast can be used as a new degree of freedom in order to control the characteristic poles of the frequency response function.
Low-driving-voltage, polarizer-free, scattering-controllable liquid crystal device based on randomly patterned photo-alignment
Authors: Yuan Yide , Fan Fan , Zhao Chenxiang , Kwok Hoi-Sing , Schadt Martin
Published: June 2020

In this work, a polarizer-free, electrically tunable liquid crystal device is presented. This device is based on randomly patterned photo-aligned boundaries generating light scattering in an adjacent liquid crystal film. Its transparent on state requires only

7.5

V

r
m
s

driving voltage. Switching from a 49.5% hazy off state into the transparent on state occurs at 1.25 V, with only 1.2% residual haze. The effect exhibits fast rise and decay times of 0.3 ms and 7.2 ms, respectively. Thanks to its field-effect nature and the surface preparation process, zero ohmic low power consumption, fast response times, and steep transmission-voltage characteristics result. Applications are smart windows, light shutters, and/or transparent displays, as well as complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor driven multiplexed displays.
Flexible radiative cooling material based on amorphous alumina nanotubes
Authors: Zhou Yanpeng , Liu Yanning , Li Ya , Jiang Ruomei , Li Wenxin , Zhao Wangchen , Mao Rui , Deng Longjiang , Zhou Peiheng
Published: June 2020

With the rapid development in near / far field thermal radiation and
micro- / nano- fabrication, passive radiative cooling has become an
intriguing topic in both fundamental scientific research and practical
energy engineering. In this paper, we use Amorphous Alumina Nanotubes
(AANs) to prepare a flexible material for high-efficient daytime
radiative cooling. Instead of applying parallel nanotube array or
total randomly distributed nanotubes, we experimentally fabricated a
porous membrane by introducing hexagonal lattice roots at the bottom
and random agglomeration at the top for AANs. Near-unity emissivity
originated from alumina absorption and complex scattering inside the
membrane covers the 8-13 µm atmosphere window. Under direct sunlight,
the flexible AANs membrane achieves a theoretical net cooling power of
71.0 W/m2, leading to an experimental maximum temperature
reduction of 6.7 °C to the ambient air. Our material paves herein a
way for producing low-cost and efficient flexible daytime radiative
coolers.
Nilai Etis Dalam Sistem Kekerabatan Jepang
Authors: Sudarsih Sri
Published: June 2020

This study aims to formulate ethical values in the Japanese kinship system. This ethical value is reflected in the Japanese family spirit. This research is a qualitative research in philosophy. The material object is the Japanese kinship system, while the formal object is an ethical value. The method used in this research is description and interpretation. The results achieved were formulated as follows: the kinship system of Ie became a model of preserving traditional values inherited from ancestors. These values are universal, namely the sense of kinship in which there is a sense of love, belonging and pride. Kachou as a role model is central in preserving this value. These values can also be transferred into modern management by reinterpretation according to place and time.
Konfigurasi Fonem pada Leksikon Peralatan Rumah Tangga Tradisional yang Memiliki Kesamaan Medan Makna
Authors: Suryadi M
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research is to describe the phoneme configuration which is located in the ultima position within the lexicon of traditional household appliances. The phoneme configuration has nuances that mean local wisdom and social intelligence of Javanese ancestors. This type of research is descriptive-qualitative. The research locus is in Pati regency. Data collection methods used were observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis method used is the distributional method: which is supported by the sorting and comparison techniques. The padan method is used to analyze lexical semantic elements. The findings of the research show that the configuration of the phoneme lexicon of traditional household appliances in the ultima position has a semantic meaning, a philosophical value and a non-arbiteric meaning. The philosophical value is inherent in the configuration of the phoneme lexicon in the ultima position. Non-arbiter forms occur due to messages attached to phoneme configurations in the lexicon.Keywords: Configuration; household appliances; lexicon; phonemes; traditional.IntisariPenelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konfigurasi fonem posisi ultima pada leksikon peralatan rumah tangga tradisional. Konfigurasi fonem memiliki nuansa arti yang mencerminkan kearifan local dan kecerdasan sosial leluhur Jawa. Jenis penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Lokus penelitian di wilayah Kabupaten Pati. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi  dan wawancara mendalam. Metode analisis data memanfaatkan metode agih dengan teknik pilah dan teknik banding. Metode padan dimanfaatkan untuk menganalisis unsur semantik leksikal. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi fonem yang tersusun dalam leksikon peralatan rumah tangga tradisional memiliki tautan arti semedan makna yang bersifat filosofis dan bersifat non-arbiter.  Nilai filosofis melekat konfigurasi urutan fonem leksikon pada posisi ultima. Bentuk nonarbiter terjadi akibat pesan yang melekat pada konfigurasi fonem dalam leksikon.Kata kunci: Fonem;  konfigurasi; leksikon; peralatan rumah tangga; tradisional
Realitas Kehidupan dalam Perspektif Antropologis
Authors: Thohir Mudjahirin
Published: June 2020

to be able to live normally, human being struggle to fulfill their basic needs. The human basic  needs are: biological, social, and integrative. Biological needs include: food, clothing, and shelter. Social needs include:  interact, cooperate, compete, and social order. Integrative needs include the need for: freedom in justice in accordance with the agreed common reference. So that regularity of life is realized, then guidelines are needes that are concidered true and good.  There are five types of guidelines as a reference, namely:  constitutive faith, cognitive, evaluative, ethical, and  expressive. This is a reference as the ideal culture of society.  Although there are such guidelines, but in real  practice (real clture) violations often occur, including because of individual or group interest. As in ilustraton, it can be seen in the world of football, the concept of fairplay is manifested in the form of inappropriate actions. Not  to mention in the political and economic world. From this angle the concepts of fairness and justice are always warmly studied.  This paper discusses about it from the social sciences perspective, especially anthropology. Keywords: Basic need; guideline; ideal culture; real culture; fairplay. Intisari Untuk dapat hidup secara normal, manusia berjuang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya. Kebutuhan-kebutuhan dasar itu ialah kebutuhan biologis, sosial, dan integratif. Kebutuhan biologis meliputi pangan, sandang, dan papan. Kebutuhan sosial meliputi kebutuhan berinteraksi, bekerjasama, dan bersaing. Kebutuhan integratif meliputi nilai-nilai, agar kegiatan bekerja sama maupun bersaing didasari oleh koridor nilai-nilai dan norma hukum yang adil.  Untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar tersebut, secara ideal (ideal culture) masyarakat manusia memerlukan pedoman yang dianggap benar dan baik. bermuara kepada lima acuan, yaitu: konstitutif, kognitif, evaluatif, etik, dan ekspresif. Meskipun sudah ada pedoman, tetapi dalam kebudayaan riil (real culture) yakni dalam tataran praktik kehidupan, pedoman-pedoman tadi sering dilanggarnya. Dari sinilah nilai dan norma-norma hukum, hampir selalu menjadi ajang perdebatan, sebagaimana ilustrasi konsep fair play dalam pertandingan sepakbola.  Tulisan ini mendiskusikan mengenai persoalan adil dan keadilan sosial ditinjau dari perspektif antropologis. Kata kunci: Kebutuhan dasar; acuan; budaya ideal; budaya riil; fairplay.
Kearifan Lokal dalam Hibriditas Sastra Indonesia Modern
Authors: Noor Redyanto
Published: June 2020

Information technology causes cultural transformation that makes global culture is formed. Cultural products called local-genius (local wisdom) are increasingly rare, including art and literature. Classical literature is no longer lived as the orientation of the great values of the past, but is considered a cultural artifact. For modern literature when an author recognizes new conventions and values in his mind, then when he perceives and creates them into literary works, in fact he has made hybrid literature. In biology, hybrid is the result of crossing between one species with another species, naturally or through manipulation. If you look at the origins of language and literature, modern literature is actually hybrid literature, we called modern Indonesian. Really, modern Indonesian author were limited to updating the disclosure method. Basically they remain grounded in the traditions and culture that gave birth to them, which have local-genius (localwisdom).Keywords: Hybrid literature; local wisdom; tradition; culture.IntisariTeknologi informasi menyebabkan terjadi transformasi kebudayaan sehingga terbentuk kebudayaan global. Produk kebudayaan yang disebut local-genius (kearifan lokal) semakin langka, termasuk seni dan sastra. Sastra klasik tidak lagi dihayati sebagai orientasi nilai-nilai masa lampau yang agung, tetapi dianggap sebagai artefak kebudayaan. Bagi sastra modern ketika seorang pengarang mengenal konvensi dan nlai-nilai baru dalam pikirannya, maka ketika ia meresepsi dan mengkreasinya menjadi karya sastra sesungguhnya ia telah membuat sastra hibrida. Dalam ilmu biologi hibrida adalah hasil penyilangan antara satu spesies dengan spesies lain, secara alamiah atau melalui rekayasa. Sebenarnya sastra modern adalah sastra hibrida, hasil penyilangan dari berbagai bahasa dan kebudayaan termasuk sastra Indonesia modern. Meskipun, sebenarnya sastra hibrida tetap mengakar pada budaya etnik penciptanya. Pengarang sastra Indonesia modern sebenarnya hanya sebatas memperbarui cara pengungkapan. Secara esensial mereka tetap berpijak pada tradisi dan budaya yang melahirkannya, yang memiliki local-genius (kearifan local).Kata kunci: Sastra hibrida; kearifan lokal; tradisi; kebudayaan
Peer selection and influence: Students’ interest-driven socio-digital participation and friendship networks
Authors: Li Shupin , Kiuru Noona , Palonen Tuire , Salmela-Aro Katariina , Hakkarainen Kai
Published: June 2020

Digital technologies have been increasingly embedded in students’ everyday lives. Interest-driven socio-digital participation (ISDP) involves students’ pursuit of interests mediated by computers, social media, the internet, and mobile devices’ integrated systems. ISDP is likely to intertwine closely with young people’s social networks that has been scarcely studied quantitatively. To close this gap, the present paper investigated students’ peer selection and influence effects of the intensity of their ISDP and friendship networks. We collected two-wave data by administering a peer nomination to trace students’ friendship networks with peers and a self-reported questionnaire to examine students’ ISDP. Participants were 100 students in Finland (female: 53%; mean age = 13.48, in grade 7 in the first wave). Through stochastic actor-oriented modelling, the results showed that the students’ friendship ties with peers influenced the intensity of their ISDP practices to become more similar. Yet, students did not select peers as friends based on similar intensity levels of ISDP. Utilizing influence effect found in students’ ISDP and their peer networks, we suggest that connected learning (Ito et al., 2013) should be promoted to integrate students’ informal and formal learning in order to bridge the gap between students’ informal interest-related digital practices and formal educational practices.