bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of ±800 KV Cirque Grounding Electrode Circuit Commwassioning on Aquatic Ecological Environment
Authors: Wang Xiao Dan , Shen Gen Xiang , Hu Shuang Qing , Zhao Qing Jie
Published: December 2012

The water quality and Carassius auratus growth status in nearby rivers was studied during the commwassioning of ±800KV DC transmwassion grounding electrode. The result shows that there was favorable relativity between water temperature and the temperature of the day in nearby river（r≥0.9）, but there was no obvious change in PH, conductivity, salinity and DO. Significant analyswas result of fry death rate and assume growth rate shows that almost two month commwassioning has no obvious effect on larva growth of Carassius auratus.
Toxicity Studies of Ionic Liquids and Heavy Metal Compounds to MCF-7 and Photobacteria Q67
Authors: Wang Cheng Lin , Zhu Xiang Wei , Liu Shu Shen
Published: December 2012

The inhibition toxicities of four ionic liquids and four heavy metal compounds to MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 (Q67) were determined using MTS assay and microplate toxicity analysis, respectively. The resulting concentration-response data was modeled by using sigmoidal models (Weibull and Logit). Results showed that all concentration -response relationships could be effectively described by the Weibull or Logit function. The toxicities of ILs to both MCF-7 and Q67 have the alkyl chain effect character. However, the toxicity order of four heavy metal compounds to MCF-7 and Q67 were different. Compared with Q67, MCF-7 is more sensitive to heavy metal compounds and less sensitive to ILs
Mixture Toxicity of Copper and Selected Organophosphorus Pesticides to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67
Authors: Huo Xiang Chen , Liu Shu Shen , Wang Meng Chao
Published: December 2012

Heavy metals and pesticides released to the environment render the waters suffering from combined pollution. This study investigated the toxicity of binary and ternary mixtures of copper (Cu) and two organophosphorus pesticides (dichlorvos (DIC) and dimethoate (DIM)) to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67. For each of three binary mixture groups (Cu-DIC, Cu-DIM, and DIC-DIM), five mixture rays were constructed by using the direct equipartition ray design (EquRay). For the ternary mixture group of Cu-DIC-DIM, five ternary mixture rays were constructed by using the uniform design ray (UD-Ray). The mixture toxicity was determined by the microplate toxicity analysis and assessed by the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA). It is shown that the observed toxicities of all binary mixtures were almost estimated by CA or IA while those of the ternary mixtures were significantly lower than CA or IA estimations.
Recovering Gold from a Gold-Bearing Pyrite by Flotation and Chemical Process
Authors: Li Qing , Ge Bao Liang , Liu Jie , Zhu Chao
Published: December 2012

The ore assays 2.5g/t Au, 23.4% S and 56.6% Fe. This research enriched the gold by flotation, and recovered it by a chemical process. The obtained flotation concentrate contains 66.35%g/t gold and 37.06% S with recovery 96.14% and 96.42% respectively. A roasting process was conducted at 900-1000°C for 5.5hrs, followed by cyanide leaching of the residue. The gold leaching rate reaches 87.4% with an adsorption rate of 97.6%. Furthermore, the regrinding of the concentrate to 95% -0.18μm was conducted, and followed by cyanide leaching at pH11.5 for 12hrs. The results show the amount leached gold reaches 92.5% with an adsorption rate of 99.21%, which increases by 1.61% and 5.1% in comparison with the roasting-leaching process.
Characteristic Analysis on Mountain-Valley Wind in Deep Valley
Authors: Wang Wen Yong , Chen Nan , Ma Xiao Juan
Published: December 2012

Taking the actual measured data and the simulating result from WRF(Weather Research & Forecasting)/CALMET numerical model, analysing the air flow field in the industrial park in some valley of northern Sichuan Province, it shows that the valley has the mountain-valley wind formed by the topographical thermodynamic effects, and the characters of mountain-valley wind change with season. In January in winter, the valley wind appears at 8:30 in the morning, and prevails after 2 hours transition. The wind strength (wind velocity, circulation height and thickness) is the strongest at about 14:00. The valley wind lasts about 7 hours, and then changes into the mountain wind at 17:30. After 3.5 hours, at 21:00, the mountain wind prevails and lasts 11.5 hours to 8:30 in the next morning. In July in summer, the valley wind appears at 6:30 in the morning. Through 1.5 hours transition, the valley wind prevails at 8:00 and becomes the strongest at 14:00. The valley wind lasts about 10.5 hours and begins to change into the mountain wind at 19:00 in 3 hours. From 22:00 to 6:30 in the next morning, the slope wind prevails and lasts about 8.5 hours. In winter, the thickness for valley wind is bout 100~300m with the average wind speed 1.5~4.0m/s and the thickness for mountain wind is 50~200m with average wind speed 1.5~3.0m/s and circulating sphere height 600~800m. In summer, the valley wind thickness is about 200~500m with average wind speed 2.0~7.0m/s and the mountain wind thickness is about 150~400m with average wind speed 1.5~5m/s and circulation layer height 600~800m. Since the orientation of mountains is different at the both sides of valley, the time and the strength for the mountains receiving the solar radiation are different, the regulation and the characters for mountain-valley wind appearing and disappearing are also different.
Water Security Dynamic Assessment Based on Entropy-Markov Chain Model
Authors: Ma Hui Qun , Wang Shou Feng , Li Chao
Published: December 2012

Markov chain is a stochastic process, which can calculate the variability. Water security is an open system. It is influenced by the surround environment and always changing.This paper developed a new method called entropy-Markov chain model to assess water security with progress degree. It’s an dynamic method, giving the average progress degree in a period. This method introduces entropy weight into the Markov chain, normalizes the original evaluating matrix and divides the interval of [0,1] to 11 states. This paper also uses this method to assess water security in Tai Lake region , China, from 1981 to 2000 and gets a comparative good results.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Research Progress of River Water Quality Simulation
Authors: Li Ping , Wang Li , Zhang Xiao Xin , Ma Fang
Published: December 2012

River water quality simulation plays an important role in the fields of basin pollution control, water environment planning as well as water quality prediction and evaluation, providing effective and scientific support for pollution total amount control and water quality environmental management. With the development of the river water pollution simulation technology, many new methods and means have been established. This paper summarized the results of river water quality simulation researches by domestic and abroad, introduced the theory, the establishing process of water quality model, commonly used water quality model systems, simulation software, and the practical application of the water quality simulation technology. This paper illustrated the future developing trend of the river pollution simulation, providing reference for the research and the management personnel in the field.
Decolorization of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by Immobilized Cells of Rhodocyclus gelatinosus
Authors: Chen Ming , Zhang Chun Zhi , Shen Yan , Zu Guo Ren
Published: December 2012

Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R is a typical kind of anthraquinone dye and in common use in textile, dyeing, and printing industries in China, which is difficult to degrade because of its conjugated structure. The decolorization of KN-R was investigated using Ca-alginate immobilized cells of Rhodocyclus gelatinosus XL-1 under anaerobic conditions. For KN-R decolorization by immobilized cells, the suitable pH is 5-8 and the suitable temperature is 25-40 °C. Immobilized cells could decolorize KN-R by co-metabolism in the presence of peptone, and the enhancement of peptone concentration was beneficial for anaerobic decolorization. Metal ions affected the metabolic activity of immobilized cells of R. gelatinosus XL-1. The activity of KN-R decolorization was appreciably increased by Mg2+ and Cr3+, but severely inhibited by Cu2+ and Ag+. The maximum absorption peak in visible spectrum shifted from 595 to 453 nm during KN-R decolorization, indicating the formation of the intermediate product.
Indicator’s Weight Determination of Evaluating Reclamation’s Impact on Marine Resources
Authors: Hu Cong , Yu Ding Yong
Published: December 2012

Although reclamation can increase land area, it decreases natural shoreline, coastal wetland and fishery resources. It remains a contradiction between the utilization of reclamation and protection of marine resources. The effective method to judge reclamation impact on marine resources is of great importance. Based on results of three rounds expert investigation, this paper established a system to make the judgement. Two steps were taken: using Delphi method to obtain the weight of qualitative and quantitive evaluation indicators, using SPSS statistical software to get reliability test results, which show that expert opinions are in well agreement. The indicator weights were finally gived.
Evaluation of Ecological Risk on Soil Heavy Metals Pollution of Qingyuan
Authors: Zhang Hui Min , Zhang Hui , Song Ai Min , Qin Jian Qiao , Song Ming Wei
Published: December 2012

This paper was seleced Qingyuan as a case study, in order to analyze Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr concentrations of the soil samples. And used the Hakanson potential ecological risk index method to assess the potential ecological risks of concentrations of heavy metals in soil. The results shows that the average concentration of Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr in soil is 6.45, 0.26, 20.25, 119.11, 181.67, 189.22, 0.27, 32.92, 201.35 mg•kg-1 respectively. The rank by severity of ecological risk as Hg > Cu > Pb > As > Cr > Cd > Ni > Zn, based on their single-element indexes. Heavy metals in several samples of the soil have posed a serious threat on the ecosystem.
Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Arsenic in the Surface Sediment of Bohai Sea
Authors: Zhang Lian Kai , Yang Hui , Jin Wei
Published: December 2012

Arsenic is a carcinogen to both humans and animals. Thirteen typical surface sediment samples were taken at Tanghe and Daihe in Qinhuangdao, April, 2011. Hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) was used to analyze arsenic (As) concentration. The correlations of sediment arsenic and sediment organic matter (SOM), pH, river water arsenic were discussed. Index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index were cited to assess the arsenic pollution level and its potential ecological risk. The results show that, arsenic in river water sediment, estuary sediment and coast sediment of Daihe are lower than the average level of other Chinese rivers. Arsenic Igeo of these sediments are cleanliness. However, Arsenic concentration in the sampling points of Tanghe is higher than the average level of domestic rivers except river water sampling points. Their Igeo are light pollution. The potential ecological risk index of the two rivers are slight ecological harm. Arsenic concentration of different sampling points in the two rivers distributes as: estuary sediment As>coast sediment As> river water sediment As. The correlation among sediment arsenic, water arsenic, SOM and sediment pH are: 1) Arsenic in sediment has a extremely significant positive correlation with that in water at p<0.01; 2) Sediment arsenic shows a significant positive correlation with SOM at p<0.05; 3) However, there is a negative correlation between sediment pH and sediment arsenic.
Regional Environmental Capacity Study for Jiaxing City
Authors: He Cheng Long , Liu Wen Li , Wu Xin Guo , Luo Wei
Published: December 2012

Jiaxing is listed experiment city of the national ecological civilization construction in 2012. Correctly understand and evaluate the supply of resources and environmental carrying capacity is an important prerequisite of ecologically-civilized city construction. The article structures emergy ecological footprint model combination emergy analysis theory and ecological footprints model.It can quantitative analysis environmental carrying capacity of Jiaxing through comparing ecological carrying capacity and the ecological footprint occupancy. By empirical study, in the rapid development of Jiaxing economy at the same time, ecological deficit has happened in the regions of Jiaxing, total deficit is 3.15 times of the urban area. It shows that industrial structure adjusting of Jiaxing is in a very stressful situation. From ecological deficit proportion of five counties and two districts in Jiaxing to see, Pinghu constitutes 37.63% and Haiyan constitutes 24.65%，the sum up of two counties (city) is to 62.28%. They are the priority counties of the industry structure adjustment.
Soil Heavy Metals Content and Pollution Evaluation in Sixian City
Authors: Xu Dong Sheng , Su Hai Min
Published: December 2012

Selecting collection of 19 topsoil samples in Sixian City, first with X-RF fluorescence spectrometer, determination of soil heavy metals content of Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd and V, and using the methods of corelational analysis to discuss the possible source of pollution of heavy metals and evaluating the pollution levels by Nemerow pollution index. The results show that: (1) Mn, V, and Cr may come from the local soil and the source of Cu, Pb and Zn may be traffic pollution; (2) Cr, Mn and V have not yet basic clean and Cu, Zn and Pb is light pollution.
Survey of Ambient Excitation Based Power Oscillation Analysis Methods
Authors: Liu Chang , Li Chang Song , Li Hua Qiang
Published: December 2012

In large-scale power system, low frequency power oscillation is becoming a serious threat to the power system operation. Analysis of low frequency oscillation includes model-based method and ambient-excitation-based method. Based on the investigation of the related recently-published papers, this paper presents a survey of ambient-excitation-based method. Firstly, the fundamental principle and underlying theory of ambient-excitation-based method are summarized. Furthermore, several ambient-excitation-based methods are categorized and their characteristics are introduced.
SVC Subsection Control Strategy Considering Voltage Stability of Dynamic Load
Authors: Guo Guo Liang , Liu Bao Zhu , Dong Bin Zheng , Bai Yun Xiao
Published: December 2012

A kind of Static Var Compensator(SVC) subsection control strategy for transient process of dynamic load is presented in this paper. The strategy can determine SVC's action according to the condition of system and load so as to output different compensation capacity in different stage to make dynamic load stable and make sure the voltage is qualified; SVC will be shut when it's noneffective in this strategy so that other regulate way can be used timely. The validity and accuracy of the strategy is verified in tow-bus equivalent system.
A Method of Real-Time Data Acquisition and Exchange in Adaptation to Integrated Dispatching Automation System
Authors: Yu Fang , Zhuang Wei Jin , Wang Yan , Sun Ming Yang
Published: December 2012

With the development of computer technology and power grid, integrated dispatching automation system has been gradually applied and used, for it has made considerable progress in technological advance and functional reliability. A method of real-time data acquisition and exchange that adapts to integrated dispatching automation system is proposed, which follows the principle of distributed collection and centralized use. It makes full use of dispatching data network and service bus, to achieve the integration of point multi-source data processing, data forwarding and data remote access, under the situation of normal operation or network failure.
A Load Allocation Optimization among Turbine-Generators Based on GA-ACO
Authors: Yan Tao , Lin Xian Min , Zhong You Ping
Published: December 2012

With regard to the slow-convergence disadvantage in the latter generations of GA, ACO is combined with GA in this paper to solve the optimal load allocation problem among thermal power plant units. By comparison with GA method, results show that GA-ACO has faster convergence than the GA method.
The Application of Fixed Circuit Breaker and ATS in 380V Equipment in Substation
Authors: Song Dan , Liang Zhi Rui , Zhan Zhu , Gan Hong Qing
Published: December 2012

In recent years, a new type of 380V low voltage fixed circuit breakers are used in newly built substations. Fixed circuit breakers without chassis only have two states. They are on and off. They can not provide a clear break point in circuit. So Their isolation function is not obviously. Low voltage equipment in Hub substations should have automatic mutual transfer function. Recently Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is often chosen in the newly built digital substation, intelligent substation or large hub substations. Automatic Transfer Switch has interlocking function to avoid the collision of two different power. With the popularize of new equipment such as the 380V fixed circuit breaker and Automatic Transfer Switch, the operation and management of low-voltage equipment in substations puts forward higher requirements as well. The conclusion contains the better ways in operation and maintenance of these new low-voltage equipment.
Black-Start Subsystem Partitioning Based on Nodes Voltage
Authors: Liang Hai Ping
Published: December 2012

Divide the network into several subsystems then restore the subsystems separately can accelerate the restoration procedure after a main blackout occurs. In this paper, the strategy of black-start system partitioning based on nodes voltage is proposed. The strategy considers the node voltage as partition criterion. By power flow calculating gets nodes voltage and sorts them and then select voltage threshold to partitioning the groups of the nodes according to nodes voltage and the number of black-start units. The algorithm has a rigorous theoretical basis for it based on communities finding theory of complex network. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by studying the IEEE 118-bus case.
Fuel Control Technology during FCB Process of W-Shape Flame Boiler Unit
Authors: Huang Wei Jian , Zhang Xi , Zhang Zhen Yun
Published: December 2012

Fuel control is the major part during the FCB control process of the unit, especially the fuel used by W-shape of flame boiler is inferior coal which has the character of low-volatile and low heating value. The switching way, procedures and speed of the fuel during the FCB process will directly determine whether the boiler can have a stable combustion after the fuel amount is greatly reduced for the unit. In this article, the strategy for quick switching of new type of fuel amount for W-shape of boiler and quick stabilization control for boiler combustion is proposed. And in this article, we also take an example of an engineering concerning foreign affairs which has successfully implemented FCB. the boiler fuel control technology which realized the function of FCB for W-type flame boiler unit is deep analyzed. It leaves a very good reference value for the test of FCB for other similar units.
Temperature Dependence of on-Line DGA Results for Transformers through Membrane Extraction
Authors: Li Yang Liu , Wu Wen Da
Published: December 2012

Concentration detection of gases dissolved in transformer insulation oil is an effective method to diagnose incipient fault in electrical equipment. The permeation process of gases dissolved in transformer oil through extraction membrane is studied. Temperature dependence with accuracy of on-line DGA results through gases extraction with polymer membrane is analysed. An algorithm which includes temperature coefficient which can improve the accuracy of DGA results is proposed. An on-line DGA system with Teflon membrane and electrochemical gas sensors is constructed; while the results are adjust by temperature coefficient. Compared with GC results in the laboratory, the accuracy of the on-line DGA results has been improved.
Study on Main Magnetic Field in Iron Core of a Yoke-Pressing Configuration Transformer
Authors: Zhang Yan Li , Liu Liang , Kang Ya Hua , Yan Xiu Ke , Xie De Xin
Published: December 2012

Based on finite element theory, the computer-aided design technique was used to simulate the main magnetic field of a single-phase three-column and yoke-pressing transformer, and the voltage source is excited onto the coil windings taking the field-circuit coupling method into account. The distribution of the main magnetic field in iron and the excitation current waveform in the winding were presented to provide a scientific basis for further practical application and optimization in the use of single-phase three-column yoke-pressing transformer.
Modeling and Research on the Electromagnetic Field of UHV Autotransformer Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Yan Xiu Ke , Huang Fei , Kang Ya Hua , Zhang Yan Li
Published: December 2012

With the rapid development of economy and construction of large-scale hydropower, thermal power and nuclear power base, the demand of long-distance, high-capacity transmission of UHV (ultra high voltage) is increasing in China. This paper presents the application of finite element method (FEM), software ANSYS in the magnetic field of core about single-phase three-winding 750KV autotransformer with the next column excitation regulator device. As most driving sources applied to transformers are voltage sources, field-circuit coupling method is generally used in solving electromagnetic field of transformers, so this paper is written to verify if the simulation results are similar to the qualification and to prove the correctness of the method and the practical value.
Research on Stand-Alone PMSG Voltage Stabilizing Method Based on Series Resonance
Authors: Li Zheng Hui , Zhai Qing Zhi , Li Wen
Published: December 2012

Stand-alone PMSG has to face voltage fluctuation problems. This paper proposes a kind of voltage stabilizing method based on series resonance in the armature loop and analyses the principle of stabilizing voltage and expounds on the calculation method of series capacitance. Taking a 5kVA three-phase PMSG as an example, we have done the model calculation and simulation, and steady-state analysis results verify the effectiveness of this method. Transient analysis results show that the reasonable selection of capacitance in series has good effects both on limiting short circuit current and avoiding demagnetization of the permanent magnet materials.
Magnetic Field Analysis of a Complex Construction Transformer Using Direct Field-Circuit Coupling Method
Authors: Zhang Yan Li , Zhang Ning , Kang Ya Hua , Yan Xiu Ke , Xie De Xin
Published: December 2012

This paper deals with the main magnetic field distribution for a three-phase five-column disintegration transformer with the iron core disassembled into several parts owing to limited transport condition. The finite element method is employed to solve such a special configuration transformer, in which the direct field-circuit coupling formulation is derived and programmed by APDL programming language. The calculation results, such as the magnetic field distribution in transformer core, the exciting current magnitude and no-load loss are investigated. The optimum size of air gap between each separated iron core limbs is discussed.
Structural Amelioration of 920 Nm Optically Pumped Semiconductor Vertical External-Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (OPS-VECSEL)
Authors: Liang Xue Mei , Wang Li Jun , Ning Yong Qiang , Liu Yun
Published: December 2012

920 nm optically pumped semiconductor vertical external-cavity surface emitting laser (OPS-VECSEL) has an important application in laser display. We constructed and optimized a 920 nm OPS-VECSEL with active region of In0.09Ga0.91As quantum well (QW) system pumped by 808 nm laser diode module. By the finite element method, self-consistent solutions of the semiconductor electronic and optical equations are realized to calculate the characteristics parameters of OPS-VECSEL. The performances of device especially the mode, the threshold and the optical-optical translation efficiency were analyzed by dealing with different number of QWs (1, 2 and 3) in one period, QW depth, barrier width, the component and dimension of the non-absorption layer. We chose an improved structure of them. On this basis, we ameliorated the number of QW periods and the simulation showed that in order to obtain high performance device, the choice of the number of QW periods must be cautious.
Arc Fault in Series Detection Technology Based on the Current Rate of Change
Authors: Sun Peng , Tong Ya Lin
Published: December 2012

Arc fault is one of the reasons causing the common disasters of electrical fire in the distribution system. Therefore, the rapid and reliable detection and diagnosis as well as effective protective measures are needed in order to prevent potential harm due to arc fault. This paper proposes a grille fractal theory-based arc fault diagnosis which calculates the relationship between the adjacent current slope to determine the mutation point of the current or the distortion point of current waveform according to the normal operating current at any time and the various characteristics of arc fault current slope.
Analysis of Power System Short-Circuit Fault and its Computer Simulation
Authors: Zhou Yu Ren
Published: December 2012

The analysis and calculation of short-circuit fault of power system is an important task for the programming, designing and running of power system. With the rapid growth of power system, the traditional ways and means can not satisfy the needs of power system, so it is necessary to use computer to simulate and calculate. Firstly this paper analyzes all kinds of short-circuit fault of a single source power system and then this paper simulates this system, sets the system parameters and fault types, finally calculates the fault current and voltage by MATLAB and the results of the simulation verifies the correctness of analysis above. It avoids the commonly programmable language to set a complex model ,making the fault simulation experiment and data analysis fast and accurate.
Circuit Model of Nonlinear Inductor with Magnetic Core Based on Duality Theory
Authors: Yang Guang
Published: December 2012

A circuit model of nonlinear inductor with magnetic core based on duality theory is presented in this paper. The presented circuit model of the nonlinear inductor can reflect the magnetic circuit topological structure of the magnetic core very well. The circuit model of the nonlinear inductor based on duality theory was implemented in the PSCAD software for verification. The transient temporal simulation was made at 50 Hz and 500 Hz. The validation of the circuit model based on duality theory has been verified by comparing the simulation results obtained by PSCAD software and ANSOFT software.
Dual-Mode Control MPPT Algorithm Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm and Perturbation and Observation Method
Authors: Zhao Yu Hong , Su Ze Guang , Xu Zu Hua
Published: December 2012

To improve the tracking accuracy of the maximum power point of photovoltaic cells can improve the operational efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system and reduce the cost of photovoltaic electricity. Because the common perturbation and observation (P&O) runs at a low speed, this paper proposes a new dual-mode control MPPT algorithm based on improved genetic algorithm and perturbation & observation method. Then this method was used in the experiment. From the experimental results can be seen, the algorithm overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional perturbation and observation method can quickly and accurately tracking the maximum power point of photovoltaic cells output, you can improve system output power.
Reactive Power Optimization in Distribution Network with Wind Farm
Authors: Li Chuang , Chen Min You , Zhen Yong Wei , Fu Ang , Li Jun Jie
Published: December 2012

The traditional methods to adjust voltage in distribution network reactive power optimization is discretization，and it is difficult to realize the continuous voltage adjustment. A reactive power optimization model and algorithm in distribution network with wind farm is proposed. The network loss，deviation of voltage and stability of voltage are taken into account in the multi-objective reactive power optimization model. The quantum particle swarm optimization（QPSO）algorithm has been used to solve the reactive power optimization problem. The algorithm described particle state by wave function, not only increase the diversity of population，but also avoid premature convergence. The comparison of the simulation result between QPSO and PSO on the modified IEEE 33-bus system demonstrated the effectiveness and advantage of quantum particle swarm optimization.
Simulation of Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler Oxygen-Enriched Combustion
Authors: Xu Yuan Ping , Zhou Hua , Jiang Qing Yin
Published: December 2012

In this paper, we focus on the relationship between oxygen-enriched combustion efficiency and oxygen content of primary air under N2 /O2 atmosphere combustion on CFB boiler. Firstly, an entirely possible of CFB boiler oxygen-enriched combustion model was proposed. Secondly, a platform was built for simulation of CFB combustion process on XD-APC configuration software. Finally, industrial simulation with industrial data was going on to prove the platform was reasonable. The simulation results were consistent of industrial data. It shows the simulation platform reliability, and the model accuracy. On this basis, coal combustion efficiency was simulated. It shows that the combustion efficiency increases following by oxygen content increasing. It’s economic for real process when oxygen content chooses from 25% to 30%.
The Research of Infrared Thermometric Techniques of Electric Equipment
Authors: Tang Zhong , Chen Lin , Cui Hao Yang
Published: December 2012

With putting forward to construct strong power gird, safe operation of electrical equipment is an important part of power system,especially fault detection of electrical equipment. At present the infrared technology is used widely in power system, because it can discover abnormal temperature in time and accurately which caused by the fault of electric equipment. The article introduces how to measure the temperature of electric using the infrared measuring temperature module, and revises the parameters to get more accurate temperature data, then analyses and judges whether the electrical equipment is in failure.
Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Inverter in Weak Grid Systems
Authors: Chen Xin , Gong Chun Yin , Cheng Lin
Published: December 2012

Distributed Generation may be located far away from load centers due to their use of new energy resource distribution characteristics. In this case, Long distance transmission lines will introduce an equivalent impedance to the grid, so that the grid showing the characteristics of a weak grid. In this paper, the interaction between grid-connected inverter and weak grid is studied by means of impedance analysis in the frequency domain. The experimental results are used to evaluate the stability of grid-connected inverter under different grid impedance condition. In a weak grid system, the increasing grid inductance results in a smaller stability margin of impedances ration. To improve the stability of the grid-connected inverter, the paper introduces a kind of active damping method with a virtual resistor in parallel with the capacitor. The new active damping control scheme without differential factor has a simple algorithm. The experimental results are depicted to demonstrate the correctness of theoretical analysis and the feasibility of the active damping algorithm.
Design and Analysis of 2-Stage Pipelining High-Performance SRAM
Authors: Liu Qi Long , Liu Min , Wu Xiu Long , Tan Shou Biao
Published: December 2012

This paper describes a SRAM design using the pipelining technique which has been used in many microprocessors extensively. The main purpose to design SRAM with the technique of pipelining is to improve the whole performance of the SRAM based on the characteristic of the pipelining technique that it can incease exponentially the circuit performance. A 2-stage pipelining 4K SRAM has been verified by simulation, and the results demonstrate that the performance of the read operation can be improved twice if the pipelining technique has been used compared with the conventional SRAM operation.
Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM Method Applied to Three-Level Photovoltaic NPC Inverter
Authors: Hu Cun Gang , Liu San Shan , Yuan Ye , Chen Hua Zhong
Published: December 2012

This paper introduces a selective harmonic elimination (SHE) PWM method based on neutral-point potential balancing applied to a three-level Photovoltaic NPC Inverter. The method combines the SHE with neutral-point potential balancing， and introduces a method based on multi-objective ant colony algorithm to solve the SHE-PWM non-linear equations. SHE-PWM control method of multi-objective ant colony algorithm considering about neutral-point potential balancing, there is no need to solve the initial value of the equation when solving the SHEPWM equations. Experimental results demonstrate the validity of SHE-PWM method based on neutral-point potential balancing.
A SVPWM Method Based on Z-Source Three-Level Inverter
Authors: Qu Ke Qing , Niu Qing Quan , Qian Feng , Zhao Jin Bin
Published: December 2012

Compared to the traditional dual Z-source inverter, Z-source inverter with a signal X-shaped LC impedance network has advantages of lower cost and an easier modulating algorithm. Based on the three-level single Z-source inverters, this paper proposed a suitable SVPWM scheme, which include vector region judgment, send order determine, and synthetic time calculation. It is available to achieve inductive voltage boosting by inserting the shoot-through vectors appropriately, while simultaneously provide a good performance on output with a correct volt-second average. The theoretical concepts discussed are verified by simulation results.
Study on Real-Time Detection for Referential Current of Parallel Generalized Active Power Filter
Authors: Xie Hai Li , Liu Gui Ying , Gu Hai Bao , Zheng Qian
Published: December 2012

For deeper research of effective harmonic suppression, this paper studies on the main circuit, working principle and detection for referential current of generalized active power filter (GAPF). The generalized dq0 orthogonal transformation of detection algorithm is used based on generalized harmonic theory, and then applied in three-phase asymmetric system in this work. According to the theoretical analysis and simulation results, the adopted detection algorithm is of high accuracy, high real-time performance,and simple algorithm. Thus, such detection algorithm has broad prospects.
The Slip Frequency Control Based on Fuzzy Adaptive PID Algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Wang Shi Chao , Chen Xin , Li Yue , Jiang Yan Yan
Published: December 2012

As three-phase asynchronous motor is a complex system with time-varying multiple-input multiple-output, strong coupling, nonlinear and at least seven order differential equations. So the use of linear and fixed PID parameters to control slip frequency system cannot give well consideration to dynamic and static performance. In order to improve the control effect and enhance the robustness, this paper put forward a slip frequency control scheme of fuzzy self-adaptive PID algorithm, which is based on the complementary combination of advantages between PID control and fuzzy control. The control structure and design method of implementation scheme are given, and the simulation was conducted by MATLAB. The simulation results show that the scheme is feasible as it has better dynamic and static performance than conventional PID control.
Investigation of the Soft-Switched Electron Load
Authors: Liu Ya Long , Gao Jia Ying
Published: December 2012

A high frequency pulse D.C. Link Soft-Switched Electron load based on Discrete Pulse Modulation (DPM) control is introduced. The method of energy recovery is used to implement various discharging of the storage battery．The electron load developed has good performances such as a good sinusoidal output wave，a rapid dynamic response and a good stability etc.．
Improved Immune Clonal Selection Algorithm and its Application in Power Network Planning
Authors: Liu Qiong , Li Tian Yang
Published: December 2012

Power network planning is a NP hard problem difficult to be solved. It can be contributed to similar TSP problem. Aiming at the slow convergence speed of the traditional immune clonal selection algorithm (ICA), adaptive immune clonal selection algorithm without memory（AICA）and adaptive immune clonal selection algorithm with memory(AICAM) are proposed respectively based on the combination of adaptive algorithm of clonal probability, immune probability , and group disaster algorithm. The two proposed algorithms have been applied to Power network planning problem. The adaptive algorithm has strong global search ability and weak local search ability at early evolution. Global search ability is weakened and local search ability is enhanced with the process of evolution in order to find global optimal point. The application of group disaster algorithm can enhance the diversity of the population and avoid the premature problems to some extent. Simulation results indicate that compared with the traditional immune clonal selection algorithm(ICA), the proposed algorithms can enhance the diversity of the population, avoid the premature problems, and can accelerate convergence speed in some extent.
Application of Power IoT in Intelligent Community
Authors: Yang Meng , Sun Feng Jie , Wang Ben , Li Xiang Zhen , Zhen Yan
Published: December 2012

This article investigates the characteristics of the Power IoT, and a design scheme for the intelligent community based on Power IoT is proposed. According to the requirement analysis, the intelligent community designed consists of electric energy data acquisition system, distributed energy access monitoring and control system, smart home system, community service management system. Considering multiple communication technology in smart grid, a unified communication platform is built for information interaction among the systems. Finally, the intelligent community would provide a safe, comfort, energy-saving and humanized living environment for the residents.
Research on the Power Balanced Scheduling Model and Methods for the Intelligent Community
Authors: Li Ling Juan , Li Xiong
Published: December 2012

Power scheduling of the Intelligent Community is an important issue, and it is also an important part of the Smart Grid. With the target of saving and rationally distributing energy, this paper studies the power scheduling problem of the Intelligent Community. Firstly it designs a framework of power scheduling system. Then, based on the framework, it proposes a power balanced scheduling model among users of the Intelligent Community, and uses the classical simplex method and the improved table-working method respectively to solve the model. Simulation results show that the proposed model and the designed methods can realize power balanced scheduling and minimize the loss in the power scheduling process, and therefore make the electrical power fully utilized.
Improved DC-Link Voltage Control for Double-Fed Induction Generator during Grid Fault
Authors: Xie Dong Yan , Wang Yu Ping , Wang Li
Published: December 2012

Transient capability improvement of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) during low voltage ride-through (LVRT) is important for both generator and grid safety. A theoretical current control method is introduced here to deal with LVRT of wind turbines with DFIG under symmetrical voltage dips. The objective is achieved by balancing the energy that flows in and out the DC-link capacitor. Simulations performed by Matlab software demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method in enhancing the DFIG’s performance during low voltage ride-through.
Broken Steel Wire Rope Inspection Based on RBF Neural Network
Authors: Chen Zhen , Liu Yan Mei
Published: December 2012

In view of the problem of low detection precision exists in traditional quantitative detection system of broken wire for steel rope, the paper proposed a design scheme of quantitative detection system of broken wire for steel rope based on RBF neural network. The RBF Neural Network was introduced to establish the model of discerning quantitative broken steel wires. Experimental results showed that the method performed well in the identification of damage.
Frequency Control Based on Multi-Agent System in Islanded Microgrid
Authors: Liu Bai Liang , Huang Xue Liang , Li Jun
Published: December 2012

Islanded microgrid is an independent micro power system. The system has different kinds of distributed generations with different characteristics. The islanded microgrid makes its frequence control more difficult than the conventional grids. This presents a multi-agent based frequency control approach for islanded microgrid and discusses the characteristics of agents. The hierarchical multi-agent control framework is also proposed. The simulation results show that even in emergency conditions, the proposed frequency control approach based multi-agent system can maintain the frequency stability of islanded microgrid.
An Application of Heuristic-Search Based Tree Model in Fault Analysis of Distribution Network
Authors: Wang Cai Qiang , Li Jie , Wang Qing Bin , Hu Song
Published: December 2012

Along with the increase of need for high reliability of the power system security, it is important to build up a distribution fault analysis network and processing system, which can provide decision-making help for dispatching personnel. This paper introduced framework of the distribution network fault analysis and processing system, and analyze the fault location, isolation, generation and evaluation of power supply reconfiguration strategy. Tree model and Heuristic search were used for fault location and power supply route switching strategy.
A Fault Line Detection Method Based on Wavelet Packet Analysis in Distribution Network
Authors: Li Li
Published: December 2012

With the rapid development of power network automation, the detection of the default single-phase grounding fault line in small current neutral grounding system has became a hot spot in research of power network system. Generally, power network neutral point is not grounded or grounded through arc-suppression coil grounding. When single phase grounding fault occurs, the power network system is named as small current grounding system since the grounding short-circuit is small due to a low-impedance short circuit.
Modeling and Simulation of Microgrid with Small Hydropower and Wind Generator on Island Operation Mode
Authors: Zheng Yong Wei , Chen Min You , Li Chuang , Xu Rui Lin , Xu Xin
Published: December 2012

A microgrid model with distributed generation including small hydropower source and wind generation source is presented in this paper. The corresponding control strategies for this microgrid are developed. Simulation experiments on island operation mode using Matlab/Simulink software program have been conducted. The simulation results show that the microgrid can operate stably and reliably for load power supply.
New Application of Fibre Optical Current Transformer in Smart Retrofit Substation
Authors: Li Ying Jin , Ma Yue , Wang Wen Li
Published: December 2012

The paper studied the outside attachment of fibre optical current transformer in smart GIS substation innovation projects. Based on Ampere circuital theorem, sensing optical fibre can be wrapped around the flange at the bottom of the GIS bushing without modification damage on GIS components and long time power cut. The experiment result proved the accuracy and feasibility of this new application. Furthermore, kinds of electronic transformers are compared with fibre optical current transformer, and the analysis gives a conclusion that fibre optical current transformer could be the optimization of system design in smart substation innovation projects.
Analysis of ACCC Applied in the Capacity Expansion Reformation of Electric Transmission Lines in East China Power Grid
Authors: Du Yang , Cao Wei , Zhang Xu Hang
Published: December 2012

Aluminum conductor composite core (ACCC) is a new type of conductors with great advantages in electrical and mechanical performances. It’s demonstrated through the technical and economic analysis of ACCC that application of ACCC for the capacity expansion reformation of electric transmission lines can save construction cost, but it may increase operation cost. In east China, the great performances of ACCC are helpful for solving some specific issues about transmission in some specific circumstances.
Discussion and Realization on Quality Management Methods of Steam Turbine Unit Installation in Tianjin SDIC Jinneng Power Plant
Authors: Jia Dong You , Zhang Qing Nian , Liu Zhong Chuan
Published: December 2012

During the steam turbine unit installation, combined with the project quality management theory, summarized the quality management methods of making the quality plan and the guarantee, quality control and improvement. Achieve the good results through the application in the SDIC Power Plant team turbine unit installation. And has good promotion and reference for the same or related industry.
Study on some Issues of Micro-Grid Commercial Promotion
Authors: Yuan Feng , Xin Ai
Published: December 2012

Based on the existing demonstration project of micro-grid, this paper study on the situations of operation, control and maintenance. Analysis of some issues of micro-grid commercial operation, including potential users, micro-grid construction, ownership, operating rights and commercial promotion models. In this paper, we put forward corresponding methods and suggestions. The relevant departments can publish a series of encouragement policy. But based on our country national condition, it is better to build micro-grid in the western, remote area, mountain or Island of our country. Choose the appropriate micro-grid model. The ownership according to the investment which can be divided into different parts such as power company, the user community, third party. The micro-grid is in the pilot phase of construction and exploring business models. Through the analysis of the existing demonstration project, this paper provides enough theory, technology and practical for the next state of micro-grid construction and commercial promotion.
Research and Application of SNMPv3 Security Mechanism in Electricity Network Management System
Authors: Hou Ying Ying , Wang Wen Zhen , Wang Bo Tao
Published: December 2012

The safety of the electricity network management system has become the important issue of concern by people today. SNMPv3 increased the security management mechanism on the basis of v1 and v2c, can resist the massage tampering, data intercepted, and other network security attacks effectively, ensured the reliability of network management better. This paper studies the modular frame structure of SNMPv3, introduces a new message structure and messages interaction process, shows the process of message handling based on USM(user-based security model). Finally, the USM is implemented in the actual electricity network management.