bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le commandement militaire au défi de la technologie
Authors: Sauget Damien
Published: March 2022

Malgré la méfiance initiale du commandement militaire, la télégraphie sans fil joua un rôle crucial durant les deux guerres mondiales : l’arme des transmissions devint alors un outil essentiel pour le renseignement et le commandement. Elle présente en cela des enjeux communs avec l’intelligence artificielle (IA), comme la formation du personnel militaire, l’application militaire d’outils civils, l’acceptation de nouvelles technologies de commandement ou encore les bouleversements tactiques et stratégiques qu’elles induisent. Ce parallèle historique ne prétend pas définir la parfaite intégration de l’IA sur les champs de bataille futurs, mais proposer des pistes de réflexion pour l’amélioration du commandement.
Commander à l’âge de l’information : comment tirer parti du miracle (ou du mirage) technologique
Authors: Corman François-Olivier
Published: March 2022

Le numérique a transformé la gestion de l’information en saturant les réseaux, au détriment de la capacité d’analyse et de discernement. Le chef militaire doit être capable à la fois de comprendre le déluge de données et de savoir décider. La technologie est indispensable pour répondre à la surcharge opérationnelle, mais ne suffit pas à garantir la supériorité déci­sionnelle, car elle encourage le contrôle au détriment de la subsidiarité. Or, seule cette dernière garantit la vitesse de décision la légèreté et la mobilité des structures de commandement, la résilience aux attaques, l’indépendance face aux stratégies d’influence et la capacité de surprendre. L’enjeu fondamental est donc de former des chefs militaires suffisamment clairvoyants pour percer la complexité, tirer parti du chaos et créer des situations favorables pour agir avec incertitude et fulgurance. Cela requiert une vision large, un esprit synthé­tique et une intelligence multiforme, mais surtout du courage et de la volonté pour obéir aux ordres, y compris ceux qui n’ont pas été donnés.
La technologie au prisme des opérations
Authors: Sainte-Claire Deville Arnaud
Published: March 2022

L’emploi de la violence sur le champ de bataille fait appel à la technologie. Les effets physiques et psychologiques des armes nouvelles doivent être connus par le chef, afin qu’il intègre dans sa réflexion et dans ses choix leurs conséquences potentielles. Parmi les défis à relever sur les champs de bataille du xxi e  siècle, nous devons mesurer la violence des nouvelles armes, améliorer la précision des frappes, dissuader l’adversaire de nous attaquer. Les nouvelles technologies semblent pouvoir lever le brouillard de la guerre grâce à l’analyse de données et à la prolifération des capteurs. Le cyberespace permet d’accéder avec facilité à la sphère informationnelle où toute forme de violence anonyme est rendue possible. Le facteur humain, inhérent aux combats sur terre, en mer, dans les airs et dans une moindre mesure dans le cyberespace, devrait cependant maintenir un voile ténébreux sur les théâtres d’opération. Les derniers conflits l’ont mis en exergue, l’avan­tage technologique et la meilleure connaissance du champ de bataille ne sont pas une panacée pour la victoire ; la volonté humaine y gardera sa part.
Les pandémies à travers les âges :analyse et enseignements
Authors: Leray Geoffroy , La Combe Paul
Published: March 2022

La maladie et les armées se fréquentent depuis toujours ; une bonne hygiène s’est souvent révélée un facteur de supériorité opérationnelle. Dans la société civile, en revanche, la maladie a longtemps été perçue comme une fatalité permanente face à laquelle une certaine résilience existe tant que les phénomènes conservent une forme connue. À l’inverse, les épidémies sont très déstabilisantes et parfois mêmes dévastatrices, surtout quand d’autres facteurs de fragilité politique et économique, s’y conjuguent. On cherche alors des boucs émissaires, à commencer par le corps médical et les politiques. Il semble que le degré de centralisation de l’État, les attentes de la population vis-à-vis des médecins et politiques, enfin la situation économique et morale constituent des facteurs clés dans les réactions des sociétés aux épidémies.
Corps : la chair des mots, et un peu plus. La pratique analytique face au capitalisme de plateforme en période de syndémie
Authors: Facury Laura , Le Lay Stéphane
Published: March 2022

Le déclenchement en 2020 de la syndémie de Covid-19 a constitué un moment de bouleversement de la société française et de transformations profondes des espaces professionnels, la pratique psychanalytique n’échappant pas à cette tendance. Pour faire face aux effets du confinement, les psychanalystes ont essayé de recréer artificiellement les conditions des séances en présence. Pourtant, l’analyse individuelle et collective des conséquences pratiques, théoriques et politiques d’un tel choix, n’a guère été menée. Cet article revient sur ces impensés à partir des cas français et brésiliens. En particulier, il insiste sur la place des corps en présence dans les dynamiques transférentielles, et sur les risques que l’usage des outils numériques leur fait subir, à l’insu des analystes.
¿Degradación del trabajo docente? el caso de un modelo de educación a distancia en México
Authors: Hernández Gómez Adriana
Published: March 2022

Cette recherche analyse le travail de l’enseignement dans l’apprentissage en ligne, en relation avec l’organisation du travail de cette modalité éducative et en considérant en son sein les relations plaisir-souffrance ainsi que les stratégies défensives développées dans leur télétravail quotidien. Cela, à partir d’un dispositif d’intervention de groupe (clinique du travail) avec des professeurs d’une université de Mexico partant de la psychodynamique du travail. On conclut que l’enseignement à distance a permis l’entrée d›une série de logiques néolibérales d’évaluation, de standardisation et de contrôle du travail qui affectent fortement les travailleurs au niveau de leur santé et dans l’exercice de l’enseignement. Cependant, les enseignants trouvent ou construisent des voies de plaisir.
Coexisting singular cycles in a class of three-dimensional three-zone piecewise affine systems
Authors: Lu Kai , Xu Wenjing
Published: March 2022

Detecting an isolated homoclinic or heteroclinic cycle is a great challenge in a concrete system, letting alone the case of coexisting scenarios and more complicated chaotic behaviors. This paper systematically investigates the dynamics for a class of three-dimensional (3D) three-zone piecewise affine systems (PWASs) consisting of three sub-systems. Interestingly, under different conditions the considered system can display three types of coexisting singular cycles including: homoclinic and homoclinic cycles, heteroclinic and heteroclinic cycles, homoclinic and heteroclinic cycles. Furthermore, it establishes sufficient conditions for the presence of chaotic invariant sets emerged from such coexisting cycles. Finally, three numerical examples are provided to verify the proposed theoretical results.
Synchronization of dynamical systems on Riemannian manifolds by an extended PID-type control theory: Numerical evaluation
Authors: Fiori Simone , Cervigni Italo , Ippoliti Mattia , Menotta Claudio
Published: March 2022

The present document outlines a non-linear control theory, based on the PID regulation scheme, to synchronize two second-order dynamical systems insisting on a Riemannian manifold. The devised extended PID scheme, referred to as M-PID, includes an unconventional component, termed 'canceling component', whose purpose is to cancel the natural dynamics of a system and to replace it with a desired dynamics. In addition, this document presents numerical recipes to implement such systems, as well as the devised control scheme, on a computing platform and a large number of numerical simulation results focused on the synchronization of Duffing-like non-linear oscillators on the unit sphere. Detailed numerical evaluations show that the canceling contribution of the M-PID control scheme is not critical to the synchronization of two oscillators, however, it possesses the beneficial effect of speeding up their synchronization. Simulation results obtained in non-ideal conditions, namely in the presence of additive disturbances and delays, reveal that the devised synchronization scheme is robust against high-frequency additive disturbances as well as against observation delays.
A coupled 3D-1D multiscale Keller-Segel model of chemotaxis and its application to cancer invasion
Authors: Bubba Federica , Perthame Benoit , Cerroni Daniele , Ciarletta Pasquale , Zunino Paolo
Published: March 2022

Many problems arising in biology display a complex system dynamics at different scales of space and time. For this reason, multiscale mathematical models have attracted a great attention as they enable to take into account phenomena evolving at several characteristic lengths. However, they require advanced model reduction techniques to reduce the computational cost of solving all the scales.

In this work, we present a novel version of the Keller-Segel model of chemotaxis on embedded multiscale geometries, i.e., one-dimensional networks embedded in three-dimensional bulk domains. Applying a model reduction technique based on spatial averaging for geometrical order reduction, we reduce a fully three-dimensional Keller-Segel system to a coupled 3D-1D multiscale model. In the reduced model, the dynamics of the cellular population evolves on a one-dimensional network and its migration is influenced by a three-dimensional chemical signal evolving in the bulk domain. We propose the multiscale version of the Keller-Segel model as a realistic approach to describe the invasion of malignant cancer cells along the collagen fibers that constitute the extracellular matrix. Performing several numerical simulations, we investigate how the invasive abilities of the cells are affected by the topology of the network (i.e., matrix fibers orientation and alignment) as well as by three-dimensional spatial effects. We discuss these results in light of biological evidences.
L’œuvre du temps
Authors: Bantigny Ludivine
Published: March 2022

C’est un parcours sur les sentiers du temps que ce livre propose, d’une plume vive et engagée. À la rencontre de quelques spectres, des fragments d’un passé personnel, intime parfois même, s’imbriquent dans le récit historien taraudé de questions. Quel est le rapport au temps selon les sociétés ? Quels liens l’histoire peut-elle nouer avec la psychanalyse ? L’écriture de l’histoire peut-elle être neutre – et doit-elle l’être ? Quelle part y occupent les émotions et l’intensité des sensibilités ? Ces pages vagabondent aussi parmi des romans, pour agripper en eux la matière du temps, robuste, charnelle, étourdissante. Les morts reviennent ici à la vie : car l’histoire est peuplée de fantômes qui viennent nous visiter sans toujours nous hanter. L’ouvrage part à la recherche d’un temps ravivé où surgit l’intensité historique celle de l’événement en particulier. C’est l’occasion d’explorer les rapports de générations, leurs conflits et plus encore leurs solidarités, dans une écriture au présent, où l’on pense possible d’abolir l’imparfait : les temps grammaticaux expriment tant de choses sur nos sociétés, leurs conceptions de l’avenir comme celles du passé. Le livre s’aventure pour finir sur quelques chemins d’espoir ouvrant sur d’autres temps, des futurs imaginés mais non pas imaginaires pour autant : afin que vienne enfin un temps dont on s’éprenne.
L’exercice de la pensée
Authors: Fontana Alessandro
Published: March 2022

Composé d’une autobiographie intellectuelle rédigée en 1993 comme mémoire d’habilitation et d’un choix d’articles sur les rapports entre littérature et politique, cet ouvrage témoigne du parcours singulier d’un intellectuel entre la France et l’Italie. Il permet également de retracer les itinéraires contrastés d’une génération qui, au cours des années 1960, à un moment où les barrières traditionnelles entre les disciplines étaient en train de céder, avait dû construire ses propres parcours en dehors des écoles, à l’aide, ou à côté, de nouveaux maîtres. Alessandro Fontana bouscule ainsi les interprétations par catégories et repère ce qui fait échapper les auteurs à l’histoire de la littérature ou de la philosophie, pour mieux envisager ce qu’ils ont de présent, ou d’inaccompli, voire d’énigmatique. Au cœur de son questionnement figure une réflexion sur le statut du sujet à l’âge moderne et sur le passage de l’époque du « salut de l’âme » à celle du « salut de l’État ».
The role of age on neuromuscular performance decay induced by a maximal intensity sprint session in a group of competitive endurance athletes
Authors: Cesanelli Leonardo , Eimantas Nerijus , Iovane Angelo , Messina Giuseppe , Satkunskiene Danguole
Published: March 2022

Age-related changes in the neuromuscular system functions may affect profoundly high-level athletes' performance across their careers. The present study aimed to analyse the fatiguing effect of a maximal intensity sprint session (MISS) on competitive athletes of different ages. Thirty-one competitive endurance athletes completed a knee extensors and flexors' maximal-voluntary-isometric-contraction (MVC) test before and after a maximal-intensity-sprint-session (MISS) consisting of 4x15s Wingate-tests. The data have been stratified considering three age categories (18-28, n=11, 29-38; n=10; 39-43, n=10). Overall, both quadricep and hamstring muscles early and late rate of torque development (RTD) dropped significantly more than the maximal voluntary torque (MVT) (p<.05). Age had a significant effect on early RTD, with older athletes exhibiting greater RTD (p<.05). A significant effect of age also emerged for the changes in surface sEMG variables, in which the frequency spectrum variables dropped significantly more than the sEMG amplitude (RMS) (p<.05). The dynamics of changes in neuromuscular performance markers after a MISS suggested that getting older competitive athletes may potentially experience a greater loss in early explosive strength compared to maximal or late explosive strength.
Site-specific dermoscopic features of lip lentigines, distinctive from those of facial lentigines
Authors: Lin Ming-Chieh , Chuang Hung-Yi , Lin Sheng-Yiao , Ke Chiao-Li Khale , Cheng Shih-Tsung
Published: March 2022

Background:

Lip lentigines are benign pigmentations often raising concerns to physicians and patients for fear of malignancy. Specific dermoscopic patterns of lip (mucosal) lentigines have not been clearly defined in the literature when compared to common facial (nonmucosal) lentigines.

Objectives:

This study aimed to define key dermoscopic features of lip lentigines to help diagnose these benign lesions more efficiently by calculating the specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of dermoscopic patterns in lip and nonlip facial lentigines.

Methods:

A retrospective observational study was conducted at a medical center in Southern Taiwan. Dermoscopic images of 12 patients with lip lentigines and seven patients with 12 facial nonlip lentigines were inspected. Pattern recognition was performed via blind review by three clinicians. Dermoscopic images were assessed side by side with 12 published dermoscopic patterns of pigmented lesions, to see whether the patterns were presented.

Results:

Four dermoscopic patterns (hyphal, overlapping vessels, parallel lines, and fish-scale-like) showed very high specificity and PPV (all 100%) in lip lentigines when compared to facial nonlip lentigines. The sensitivity of these four patterns was 83%, 83%, 67%, and 58% and their NPV was 86%, 86%, 75%, and 71%, accordingly. Interrater consistency analysis from pattern recognition showed good consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.814) among reviewers.

Conclusion:

Hyphal, overlapping vessels, parallel lines, and fish-scale-like patterns are specific and sensitive dermoscopic patterns of lip lentigines when compared to facial nonlip lentigines. This knowledge of site-specific dermoscopic patterns could be used in characterizing benign and malignant pigmented lesions of the lip in future studies.
Short term outcome of patients attending a renal-immunology clinic in central India
Authors: Atlani M , Kapoor NK , Joshi D , Sutar R , Sharma T , Joshi A
Published: March 2022

Background:

Glomerular diseases (GDs) and other renal immunologic diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Providing a single point of service in collaboration with various specialists at a renal immunology clinic for such patients is not novel, but outcomes have not been reported. Here, we report the short-term outcome of Indian patients attending our clinic.

Methods:

This single-center prospective cohort study enrolled biopsy-proven immunologically-mediated adults with renal diseases between April 2018 and December 2019, and followed them for six months. The primary end point for the analysis was an incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or loss of >50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and patient survival at six months. Secondary endpoints were the rate of complete or partial remission, and impact of demographic factors.

Results:

Ninety two patients underwent renal biopsy for suspected immunological renal diseases. Fourteen (15.2%) cases were excluded for nonimmune etiologies, whereas 78 (84.7%) confirmed cases of immune etiology were included. Most common primary GD (n = 51) (93.5%) was membranous nephropathy (n = 20) (25.6%), whereas lupus nephritis was the most common (n = 8) (29.6%) secondary GD. Overall, 10 (12.8%) patients reached renal endpoint of ESRD or >50% fall in eGFR. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (27%) patients had worst renal outcome. Patient survival was 94.8%. Thirty patients (38.4%) achieved complete, whereas 24 each (30.7%) achieved partial remission and remained resistant to disease specific therapies, respectively. Univariate analysis identified hypertension, severity of hypertension, and resistance to achieve proteinuria remission as significantly associated (P < 0.001) factors with poor renal outcome.

Conclusions:

The present study shows that short term renal outcome of Indian patients with renal immune diseases remains poor. FSGS remains the GD with the worst renal outcome. Hypertension, its severity, failure to achieve proteinuria remission were significantly associated with poor renal outcomes.
The study of relationship between ocular biometry and exophthalmometry in adult Malay population of Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Loh Ui Lyn , Qamarruddin Fazilawati A. , Hussein Adil
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE:

Exophthalmometry value has great clinical significance in the presence of many orbital diseases which can cause proptosis, including thyroid-associated orbitopathy, tumors, inflammation, head and orbital trauma, and craniofacial abnormalities. Measurements of exophthalmometry and ocular biometry vary between races and countries. This study aimed to present the normative values of exophthalmometry in adult Malays of Kelantan and the relationship between ocular biometry (axial length, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, and white-to-white) with the obtained exophthalmometry values.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study in the Ophthalmology Clinic of Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, where 267 individuals above 20 years old participated between August 2018 and May 2020. Participants were examined with Hertel exophthalmometer and intraocular lens Master by the same investigator. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of the Social Science software (version 24.0). Multiple linear regression was used to assess any significant correlation between exophthalmometric value and each biometric variable.

RESULTS:

In the data collected, the mean exophthalmometric value for the right eye was 13.93 ± 2.221 mm and the left eye was 13.93 ± 2.232 mm. Overall, male had a higher exophthalmometric value than the female with a statistically significant P = 0.001. Axial length was uniquely significant for the amount of variance in the exophthalmometric value with P < 0.001, while corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, and white-to-white showed no statistical significance.

CONCLUSION:

Our study had established the normal exophthalmometric value for Malay adults in Kelantan for future clinical reference. The axial length had shown to have a significant positive correlation with exophthalmometric values.
The average-distance problem with an Euler elastica penalization
Authors: Du Qiang , Lu Xin Yang , Wang Chong
Published: March 2022

We consider the minimization of an average-distance functional defined on a two-dimensional domain

\Omega

with an Euler elastica penalization associated with

\partial\Omega

, the boundary of

\Omega

. The average distance is given by

\int_{\Omega}\operatorname{dist}^p(x,\partial\Omega)\operatorname{d}x,

where

p\geq 1

is a given parameter and

\operatorname{dist}(x,\partial\Omega)

is the Hausdorff distance between

\{x\}

and

\partial\Omega

. The penalty term is a multiple of the Euler elastica (i.e., the Helfrich bending energy or the Willmore energy) of the boundary curve

{\partial\Omega}

, which is proportional to the integrated squared curvature defined on

\partial\Omega

, as given by

\lambda\int_{\partial\Omega} \kappa_{\partial\Omega}^2 \operatorname{d}\mathcal{H}_{\llcorner\partial\Omega}^1,

where

\kappa_{\partial\Omega}

denotes the (signed) curvature of

\partial\Omega

and

\lambda>0

denotes a penalty constant. The domain

\Omega

is allowed to vary among compact, convex sets of

\mathbb{R}^2

with Hausdorff dimension equal to two. Under no a priori assumptions on the regularity of the boundary

\partial\Omega

, we prove the existence of minimizers of

E_{p,\lambda}

. Moreover, we establish the

C^{1,1}

-regularity of its minimizers. An original construction of a suitable family of competitors plays a decisive role in proving the regularity.
Women and Children under Siege: Re-reading Biblical Texts in light of Child Abandonment in South Africa
Authors: Ngqeza Rev Zukile , Nortjé-Meyer Prof Lilly (SJ)
Published: March 2022

The position of women and children in ancient times and today was/is never promising, because they are too often exposed to suffering, hunger, high levels of violence, abandonment, homelessness, and death. Often when the word for ‘child (olale/teknon)’ appears, violence and suffering are surrounding them. Thus, scholars regard 2 Kings 6:24-31 as a juvenile text of terror and a cannibal text of the Old Testament, contra to a text for example Mark 7:24-30 in the New Testament. In dealing with these texts, male-centred and adult-centred biblical interpretive approaches are mostly utilized. These interpretive approaches judged and blamed women as ‘murderers’ who ‘feed on their children’ rather than seeing the women as victims of a highly patriarchal society. Therefore, there is a need to read these texts through the ‘lenses’ of mothers and children. Biblical trauma hermeneutics, employing the ‘lens’ of trauma, will be utilised to interpret these biblical texts. This biblical trauma approach has a purpose for survival, recovery, and resilience to those suffering in and outside the context of the text. This paper seeks to reread and re-interpret 2 Kings 6:24-31 from a gender-childist-trauma perspective considering the manifold stories of abandoned children in South Africa.
ẢNH HƯỞNG NHIỆT ĐỘ Ủ LÊN CẤU TRÚC TINH THỂ, TÍNH CHẤT ĐIỆN VÀ CẢM BIẾN PH CỦA MÀNG SNO2 PHA TẠP SB
Authors: LÝ THANH BÌNH
Published: March 2022

Công trình này nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ ủ đến cấu trúc tinh thể, tính chất điện và cảm biến pH của màng SnO2 pha tạp Sb. Màng SnO2 pha tạp Sb được lắng đọng trên đế thạch anh bằng phương pháp Sol-gel phủ nhún. Màng sau đó được ủ ở các nhiệt độ khác nhau 300˚C, 500˚C và 700˚C trong 120 phút trong môi trường không khí. Cấu trúc tinh thể, hình thái bề mặt và tính chất điện của các màng được khảo sát bằng giản đồ nhiễu xạ tia X, ảnh FESEM và phép đo Hall. Kết quả cho thấy các thông số hằng số mạng, kích thước tinh thể, kích thước hạt bị ảnh hưởng bởi nhiệt độ ủ. Kích thước tinh thể của màng tăng từ 17 lên 27 nm khi nhiệt độ ủ tăng từ 300˚C lên 700˚C. Điện trở suất của màng giảm trong khoảng nhiệt độ ủ 300˚C và 500˚C và tăng trở lại khi nhiệt độ ủ đạt 700˚C. Ngoài ra, màng ATO – 700˚C đạt giá trị độ nhạy cao nhất 50 mV/pH.
HIỆU QUẢ CỦA VIỆC TỔ CHỨC HỌC TẬP QUA DỰ ÁN TRONG CHUYÊN NGÀNH CÔNG NGHỆ KỸ THUẬT Ô TÔ Ở TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
Authors: ĐỖ VĂN NĂNG
Published: March 2022

Học tập qua dự án là phương pháp dạy học lấy người học làm trung tâm hỗ trợ tốt cho việc thực thi dạy học dựa trên chuẩn đầu ra. Học tập qua dự án đặc biệt phù hợp cho khối ngành công nghệ nói chung và công nghệ kỹ thuật ô tô nói riêng. Bài báo này phân tích đặc điểm, vai trò của học tập qua dự án, cách thức triển khai học tập qua dự án trong chương trình Công nghệ Kỹ thuật Ô tô và thảo luận về hiệu quả của việc tổ chức học tập qua dự án đối với chương trình Công nghệ Kỹ thuật Ô tô ở Trường Đại học Công nghiệp Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.
Interdecadal Change in the Interannual Variation of the Western Edge of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High During Early Summer and the Influenceof Tropical Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Hong-yu ZHAN , Rui-dan CHEN , Ming LAN
Published: March 2022

This study reveals that the interannual variability of the western edge of the western North Pacific (WNP) subtropical high (WNPSH) in early summer experienced an interdecadal decrease around 1990. Correspondingly, the zonal movement of the WNPSH and the zonal extension of the high-pressure anomaly over the WNP (WNPHA) in abnormal years possess smaller ranges after 1990. The different influences of the tropical SSTAs are important for this interdecadal change, which exhibit slow El Niño decaying pattern before 1990 while rapid transformation from El Niño to La Niña after 1990. The early summer tropical SSTAs and the relevant atmospheric circulation anomalies present obvious interdecadal differences. Before 1990, the warm SSTAs over the northern Indian Ocean and southern South China Sea favor the WNPHA through eastward-propagating Kelvin wave and meridional-vertical circulation, respectively. Meanwhile, the warm SSTA over the tropical central Pacific induces anomalous ascent to its northwest through the Gill response, which could strengthen the anomalous descent over the WNP through meridional-vertical circulation and further favor the eastward extension of the WNPHA to central Pacific. After 1990, the warm SSTAs over the Maritime Continent and northern Indian Ocean cause the WNPHA through meridional-vertical and zonal-vertical circulation, respectively. Overall, the anomalous warm SSTs and ascent and the resultant anomalous descent over the WNP are located more westward and southward after 1990 than before 1990. Consequently, the WNPHA features narrower zonal range and less eastward extension after 1990, corresponding to the interdecadal decease in the interannual variability of the western edge of the WNPSH. On the other hand, the dominant oscillation period of ENSO experienced an interdecadal reduction around 1990, contributing to the change of the El Niño SSTA associated with the anomalous WNPSH from slow decaying type to rapid transformation type.
A Neural Network Based Single Footprint Temperature Retrieval for Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Measurements and Its Application to Study on Stratospheric Gravity Wave
Authors: Zhi-gang YAO , Jun HONG , Xing-dong CUI , Zeng-liang ZHAO , Zhi-gang HAN
Published: March 2022

Satellite hyperspectral infrared sounder measurements have better horizontal resolution than other sounding techniques as it boasts the stratospheric gravity wave (GW) analysis. To accurately and efficiently derive the three- dimensional structure of the stratospheric GWs from the single-field-of-view (SFOV) Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) observations, this paper firstly focuses on the retrieval of the atmospheric temperature profiles in the altitude range of 20-60 km with an artificial neural network approach (ANN). The simulation experiments show that the retrieval bias is less than 0.5 K, and the root mean square error (RMSE) ranges from 1.8 to 4 K. Moreover, the retrieval results from 20 granules of the AIRS observations with the trained neural network (AIRS_SFOV) and the corresponding operational AIRS products (AIRS_L2) as well as the dual-regression results from the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) (AIRS_DR) are compared respectively with ECMWF T799 data. The comparison indicates that the standard deviation of the ANN retrieval errors is significantly less than that of the AIRS_DR. Furthermore, the analysis of the typical GW events induced by the mountain Andes and the typhoon "Soulik" using different data indicates that the AIRS_SFOV results capture more details of the stratospheric gravity waves in the perturbation amplitude and pattern than the operational AIRS products do.
Development of Moodle: case of Riga Technical University
Authors: Tambovceva Tatjana , Ivanovs Artis
Published: March 2022

E-learning is a new methodology in the field of education that has risen since the widespread of personal computers and the worldwide web. Nowadays, e-learning method became very popular. Universities, organizations, individual teachers and other educational institutes use it intensely. The main purpose of this paper is to present a development of the LMS experiences through use of Moodle and its functions in Riga Technical University.
Impact on Eye During Air Bag Crash Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Vidyasagar K.E.Ch. , N. Ravi Varma
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses on the eye injuries related to airbags during frontal crashes of motor vehicles. This investigation will address the deformation of the eye part during the impact. The objectives of this work are to observe the behaviour of the eye during the impact, and also try to analysis the simulated stresses and strains to clinically observed injuries. Two eye models were generated by using Finite Element (FE) modelling software (ANSYS v9.0) with identical geometry. Airbag geometry is added to both models and transient dynamic analysis was performed on both the models to simulate impact with the eye. Initial velocity was assigned to the eye models to move towards the airbag and analysis of the eye deformation during the impact at various locations was conducted.
Synoris: an Unmanned Underwater Platform Based on Hydrophone Arrays for Detection and Tracking From Sound Signatures
Authors: Papadakis Nikolaos , Paraschos Dimitris
Published: March 2022

Sonars have been in practical use since the turn of the 20th century. They are considered to be among the most sophisticated engineering systems concerning detection and tracking. Unmanned underwater vehicles have recently evolved to a higher degree of sophistication with enough processing power to run more demanding artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. This work is focused on the development of a robust signal processing algorithm on board an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), named Synoris, enhanced with target identification capabilities. Synoris is able to perform feature extraction, classification and identification using only on board hardware.
Synthesis and Characterization and Antifungal Screening Studies of Some Novel Imidazole Derivatives
Authors: Ashok S R , Shivananda M K
Published: March 2022

Imidazole derivatives are five-mamboed heterocyclic having nitrogen, and oxygen atoms in their ring structure and exhibiting potent as well as wide range of pharmacological activities. Current investigations of imidazole derivatives have provided information that these derivatives may have applications in antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, as well as antidiabitic treatments. Fen bam is an imidazole derivative developed by McNeil Laboratories in the late 1970s as a novel anxiolytic drug with an at-the-time-unidentified molecular target in the brain. The imidazole ring system is present in important biological building blocks such as histamine, and the related hormone histamine.
Imidazole can serve as a base and as a weak acid. Many antifungal drugs such as nitroimidazole contain an imidazole ring. Thus, varied pharmacological activities of 2-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4(5H)-one derivatives have encouraged us to design and synthesize some of new class of heterocycles containing imidazolering and its derivatives. Different isomeric secondary amine containing bicyclical aromatic heterocyclic compounds were treated with 2-amino1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4(5H)-one in presence of base by using DMF as solvent and HBTU as coupling agent to get target compounds. Pure target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LC-MS. Some of the selected imidazole derivatives were screened for their antifungal activities.
Medical Regulation and Revalidation
Authors: Chamberlain John Martyn
Published: March 2022

This topical and authoritative book examines how the regulation of doctors has been modernised by the introduction of the quality assurance process medical revalidation. In doing so, it questions if there indeed is evidence to support the argument that revalidation serves the public interest by ensuring individual doctors are fit to practice.
Ageing, Insight and Wisdom
Authors: Edmondson Ricca
Published: March 2022

This book focuses on older people as makers of meaning and insight, highlighting the ways older people form part of social and symbolic landscapes, and the types of wisdom they can offer.
Nuevas alternativas de tratamiento en espondilitis anquilosante y artritis psoriásica
Authors: Ibáñez Vodnizza Sebastián , Martínez Oriela , Valenzuela Francisca
Published: March 2022

En artritis psoriásica y espondiloartritis existe aún espacio para nuevos medicamentos, con distintos mecanismos de acción, que permitan personalizar mejor el tratamiento. El objetivo de esta revisión es facilitar al clínico la decisión de utilizar tofacitinib, upadacitinib, o guselkumab, nuevas alternativas de tratamiento dentro de la gran variedad de fármacos disponibles actualmente.
ON QUASI-UNIVERSAL WALSH SERIES IN $L^p_{[0;1]}$, $p\in[1, 2]$
Authors: Melibekyan R.G.
Published: March 2022

Let the sequence $\{a_{k}\}_{k=1}^{\infty},$ $a_{k}\searrow0$ with $\{a_{k}\}_{k=1}^{\infty}\notin l_{2},$ and Walsh system $\{W_{k}(x)\}_{k=0}^{\infty}$ be given. Then for any $\epsilon>0$ there exists a measurable set $E\subset\lbrack0,1]$ with measure $|E|>1-\epsilon$ and numbers\ $\delta_{k}=\pm1, 0$ such that for any $p\in[1, 2]$ and each function $f(x)\in L^{p}(E)$\ there exists a rearrangement $k\to\sigma(k)$ such that the series $\displaystyle\sum _{k=1}^{\infty}\delta_{\sigma(k)}a_{\sigma(k)}W_{\sigma(k)}(x)$ converges to $f(x)$ in the norm of $L^{p}(E)$.
ON A HILBERT PROBLEM IN THE HALF-PLANE IN THE CLASS OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS
Authors: Aghekyan S.A.
Published: March 2022

We study the Hilbert boundary value problem in the half-plane, when the boundary function is continuous on the real axis. It was proved that this problem is Noetherian and the solutions of the corresponding homogeneous problem are determined in explicit form.
ON LEBESGUE CONSTANTS OF VILENKIN SYSTEMS
Authors: Sargsyan S.A.
Published: March 2022

In the paper some properties of Lebesgue constants $\big\{L_n(W)\big\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ of Vilenkin system are investigated. Non almost convergence property for the sequence $\left\{\dfrac{L_n(W)}{\log_2 n}\right\}_{n=2}^{\infty}$ is obtained.
AN ASYMPTOTIC ESTIMATE OF THE NUMBER OF SOLUTIONS OF A SPECIAL SYSTEM OF BOOLEAN EQUATIONS
Authors: Yeghiazaryan Ed.V. , Tonoyan G.P.
Published: March 2022

In this paper a special class of systems of Boolean equations is investigated. For a “typical” case of such systems an asymptotic estimate for the number of solutions is determined.
DNA–LIGAND COMPLEXES MELTING: THE EFFECT OF MULTIPLE BINDING MECHANISMS
Authors: Grigoryan Z.A.
Published: March 2022

Helix–coil transition of complexes DNA with two ligands of different binding mechanisms to native and melted regions of biopolymer is considered using the most probable distribution method. It was shown that obtained biphasic behavior of helix–coil transition curves depends on both binding affinity and concentration of ligands in solution. Thermodynamic behavior of the ligands having higher and lower affinity to the native DNA is compared.
ON A REPRESENTATION OF THE RIEMANN ZETA FUNCTION
Authors: Mkrtchyan Ye.S.
Published: March 2022

In this paper a new representation of the Riemann function  in the disc $U(2,1)$ is obtained:$\zeta (z) = \dfrac{1}{z-1} + \displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^\infty(-1)^n\alpha_n(z-2)^n,$ where the coefficients $\alpha_k$ are real numbers tending to zero. Hence is obtained $\gamma=\displaystyle\lim_{m\rightarrow\infty}\left[\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^n\dfrac{\zeta^{(k)}(2)}{k!}-n\right],$ where $\gamma$  is the Euler-Mascheroni constant.
MAGNETIC FIELD OF STRANGE STARS
Authors: Sedrakian D.M. , Hayrapetyan M.V. , Baghdasaryan D.S.
Published: March 2022

The generation of a magnetic field and its distribution inside a rotating strange star are discussed. The difference between the angular velocities of the superfluid and superconducting quark core and of the normal electron plasma increases because of spin-down of the star and this leads to the generation of a magnetic field. The magnetic field distribution in a star is found for a stationary value of difference of angular velocities of these components. In all parts of the star this field is determined entirely by the total magnetic momentMof the star which can vary from 1031-1034 G·cm3 for some models of compact stars. Also the maximum possible values of magnetic field on the surface of various models of strange dwarfs have been estimated. Depending on configuration parameters, mass M and radius R of the star, the limit of 103-105 G has been established. Such values of magnetic field may be an additional condition for identification of strange dwarfs among the large class of observed white dwarfs.
EMBEDDING THEOREMS FOR MULTIANISOTROPIC SPACES WITH TWO VERTICES OF ANISOTROPICITY
Authors: Karapetyan G.A. , Petrosyan H.A.
Published: March 2022

We prove embedding theorems for multianisotropic spaces in the case when the Newton polyhedron has two vertices of anisotropicity. The case of one anisotropicity vertex of the polyhedron was studied in previous papers of one of the authors. The present paper is the continuation of those.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TWO DIFFRACTION SCHEMES FOR WIDELY DIVERGENT BEAM OF X-RAY RADIATION
Authors: Avetyan K.T. , Levonyan L.V. , Semerjyan H.S.
Published: March 2022

Comparative analysis of two diffraction schemes $d-c$ (diaphragm-crystal) and $c-d$ (crystal-diaphragm) for widely divergent beam of X-ray radiation is conducted. It is justified that in $c-d$ scheme the diffraction image is a topographic map of the studied area of the crystal.
EXCITONIC ABSORPTION IN GAPPED GRAPHENE SYSTEMS
Authors: Djotyan A.P. , Avetisyan A.A.
Published: March 2022

Excitonic absorption in monolayer and bilayer graphene systems with opened energy gap in the field of laser radiation is investigated. The obtained value of excitonic binding energy in monolayer is in good agreement with the exact analytical solution. It is shown that the account of all tight binding parameters in bilayer graphene leads to an increase of exciton binding energy.
ON RECOVERY OF A FRANKLIN SERIES FROM ITS SUM
Authors: Keryan K.A.
Published: March 2022

In an earlier work of author a theorem on recovery of Franklin series from its sum under some conditions was obtained. In present article it is shown that to some extent these conditions are necessary.
ON SOLVABILITY OF AN INFINITE NONLINEAR SYSTEM OF ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS WITH TEOPLITZ–HANKEL MATRICES
Authors: Khachatryan Kh.A. , Avetisyan M.H.
Published: March 2022

In the present paper a special class of infinite nonlinear system of algebraic equations with Teoplitz–Hankel matrices is studied. Above mentioned class of equations has direct applications in radiative transfer theory. Existence componentwise positive solutions for the system in space l1 are proved and some examples for mentioned equations, representing separate interest are given.
GEOMETRIC PROBABILITY CALCULATION FOR A TRIANGLE
Authors: Aharonyan N.G. , Harutyunyan H.O.
Published: March 2022

In the paper, using a relationship between probability $P(L(\omega)\subset \mathbf {D}) $ that a random segment of length $l$ in $R^{n}$ having a common point with body $D$ entirely lying in $D$ and the covariogram of $D$, we obtain the explicit form of $P(L(\omega)\subset \mathbf {D}) $ for any triangle on the plane.
Challenges and Opportunities for History Education Teachers: Post Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Ni Lee Bih
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses the Challenges and Opportunities of History Education Teacher Placement: The Post-Pandemic Era of Covid 19. Descriptive quantitative research methods were used in this study. The population for this study is focused on students of History Education Faculty of Psychology and Education at a public university in Sabah who are in the first year and second year of study that is session 2020 & 2021. The results show that the dominant factor of vacancies in finding placements to serve other than public schools is teaching education or History subjects in private secondary schools. However, History Education students still feel grateful if they are destined to teach in non-government and non-option schools. They are also willing to shoulder responsibilities in the workplace without much grievance. Given the difficulty of getting a job in the post-pandemic era of Covid-19. Recognizing the current needs, History Education students are also willing to equip themselves with the skills to explore various online or non-online platforms to develop a teacher career regardless of options.
Comparison of Arabidopsis thaliana Strains Exposed to Heavy Metals: Applied to Agriculture
Authors: Hanan Rachel , Katz Jennifer , Gerard Wykes Gerard Wykes
Published: March 2022

This study reports the resistance to chromium sulfate (Cr2(SO4)3), nickel sulfate (NiSO4) and copper sulfate (CuSO4) in the Col-0, Lov-1, Ws-2 and Santa Clara strains of Arabidopsis thaliana. Previous reports have shown illness-associated with consuming crops grown in environments contaminated with such heavy metals (Shams, et al., 2018). Plant growth and biomass are also affected by considerable amounts of heavy metals in soil. To investigate the effects of heavy metals on Arabidopsis thaliana, plants were exposed to the heavy metals every two days, after 14 days of growth under normal conditions. Plant height was tallied daily and spectrophotometry was performed. BLAST was conducted to locate characteric similarities/differences between the genome sequences of the strains. Based on phenotypic observations, copper, nickel and chromium sulfate were found to have no significant effect on the plants, in comparison with the control. Interestingly, WS-2 exhibited excessive growth when exposed to nickel sulfate, reaching 125mm on Day 25. Only after exposing the plants to the heavy metals for the fourth time, plants exhibited wilting and leaf browning. However, statistical analysis [p result = 0.048 (<0.05)] indicated that only Col-0 was resistant to nickel sulfate. Significant differences in nucleotide strings of Col-0 include F-Box protein, Homeobox Leucine Zipper protein family (HD Zip), YABBY protein family, radical fringe and SAT gene. The elucidation of a heavy metal-resistant gene in Arabidopsis thaliana could potentially lead to genetic engineering of genes to cultivate heavy metal resistant plants that are safe for human and animal ingestion.
Factors Affecting the Performance of Specialist Doctors in Putri Hijau Hospital, Medan
Authors: Butar Fransisca Mularia , Fitriani Arifah Devi , Suroyo Razia Begum
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of individual, psychological, leadership and organizational culture factors on the performance of specialist doctors at TK II Putri Hijau Hospital in Medan. This type of research is a survey with a quantitative approach and a cross sectional study design. The population is all 49 specialist doctors who work in Putri Hijau hospital. Collecting data through questionnaires with independent variables of individual factors (age, gender, and length of work), psychological (job satisfaction), leadership and organization at Putri Hijau hospital filled by specialist doctors and the dependent variable performance of specialist doctors assessed by the head of the hospital through the medical committee. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical tests using multiple logistic regression at significance level = 0.05. The results showed that the variable job satisfaction (p = 0.006) and organization (p = 0.04) had a significant effect on the performance of doctors, while the leadership variable (p = 0.398) and the sub-variables of age (p = 0.283), and length of work (p = 0.942) has no significant effect on the performance of doctors. The conclusion of this study is that the management needs to increase the commitment of doctors and provide an understanding of the organization's vision and mission so as to achieve good service quality in accordance with hospital conditions.
A Case Study on Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorder Due to Poor Ergonomics in First Time Lactating Mother with Recurrent Myofascial Trigger
Authors: George Susan Annie , Abraham Arun Thomas , Kumar Ajay
Published: March 2022

Purpose: A case study was done to analyze the risk of musculoskeletal disorder due to poor ergonomics and to evaluate the post-partum depression in first-time lactating mothers with recurrent Myofascial triggers.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The researchers used a descriptive research methodology to assess and analyze all the activities which could help to meet the objectives of the study. The positions of lactating mothers are explained accurately and factually based on observation, personal interviews, and analyzed postpartum depression using Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Thus, this design may help to open a few facts about the breastfeeding positions of first-time moms, which is still having a scarcity of literature. Data collected from the study are noted, explained, and analyzed for comparison and further studies. The respondents of the study were the patients/mother who came to health care services due to physical and mental issues after eight weeks of delivery.
Finding/Result: This case study has shown that new moms who are breastfeeding their babies are more prone to the risks of musculoskeletal disorders due to their poor ergonomics. It is also clear that post-partum depression is common in new mothers. From secondary data, there is an association between poor ergonomics and recurrent Myofascial triggers. So, it is important to give proper guidance in good ergonomics for newly lactating mothers during an antenatal and post-natal period to avoid the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
Originality/Value: An ergonomic dimension of this study.
Paper Type: Case Study Research