bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic impacts of a glacial period: a thought experiment to assess the disconnect between econometrics and climate sciences
Authors: Woillez Marie-Noëlle , Giraud Gaël , Godin Antoine
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Anthropogenic climate change raises growing concerns about its potential catastrophic impacts on both ecosystems and human societies. Yet, several studies on damage induced on the economy by unmitigated global warming have proposed a much less worrying picture of the future, with only a few points of decrease in the world gross domestic product (GDP) per capita by the end of the century, even for a global warming above 4 ∘C. We consider two different empirically estimated functions linking GDP growth or GDP level to temperature at the country level and apply them to a global cooling of 4 ∘C in 2100, corresponding to a return to glacial conditions. We show that the alleged impact on global average GDP per capita runs from −1.8 %, if temperature impacts GDP level, to +36 %, if the impact is rather on GDP growth. These results are then compared to the hypothetical environmental conditions faced by humanity, taking the Last Glacial Maximum as a reference. The modeled impacts on the world GDP appear strongly underestimated given the magnitude of climate and ecological changes recorded for that period. After discussing the weaknesses of the aggregated statistical approach to estimate economic damage, we conclude that, if these functions cannot reasonably be trusted for such a large cooling, they should not be considered to provide relevant information on potential damage in the case of a warming of similar magnitude, as projected in the case of unabated greenhouse gas emissions.
Overview of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) and key climate response of CMIP6 DECK, historical, and scenario simulations
Authors: Seland Øyvind , Bentsen Mats , Olivié Dirk , Toniazzo Thomas , Gjermundsen Ada , Graff Lise Seland , Debernard Jens Boldingh , Gupta Alok Kumar , He Yan-Chun , Kirkevåg Alf , Schwinger Jörg , Tjiputra Jerry , Aas Kjetil Schanke , Bethke Ingo , Fan Yuanchao , Griesfeller Jan , Grini Alf , Guo Chuncheng , Ilicak Mehmet , Karset Inger Helene Hafsahl , Landgren Oskar , Liakka Johan , Moseid Kine Onsum , Nummelin Aleksi , Spensberger Clemens , Tang Hui , Zhang Zhongshi , Heinze Christoph , Iversen Trond , Schulz Michael
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The second version of the coupled Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) is presented and evaluated. NorESM2 is based on the second version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) and shares with CESM2 the computer code infrastructure and many Earth system model components. However, NorESM2 employs entirely different ocean and ocean biogeochemistry models. The atmosphere component of NorESM2 (CAM-Nor) includes a different module for aerosol physics and chemistry, including interactions with cloud and radiation; additionally, CAM-Nor includes improvements in the formulation of local dry and moist energy conservation, in local and global angular momentum conservation, and in the computations for deep convection and air–sea fluxes. The surface components of NorESM2 have minor changes in the albedo calculations and to land and sea-ice models. We present results from simulations with NorESM2 that were carried out for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Two versions of the model are used: one with lower (∼ 2∘) atmosphere–land resolution and one with medium (∼ 1∘) atmosphere–land resolution. The stability of the pre-industrial climate and the sensitivity of the model to abrupt and gradual quadrupling of CO2 are assessed, along with the ability of the model to simulate the historical climate under the CMIP6 forcings. Compared to observations and reanalyses, NorESM2 represents an improvement over previous versions of NorESM in most aspects. NorESM2 appears less sensitive to greenhouse gas forcing than its predecessors, with an estimated equilibrium climate sensitivity of 2.5 K in both resolutions on a 150-year time frame; however, this estimate increases with the time window and the climate sensitivity at equilibration is much higher. We also consider the model response to future scenarios as defined by selected Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) from the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project defined under CMIP6. Under the four scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5), the warming in the period 2090–2099 compared to 1850–1879 reaches 1.3, 2.2, 3.0, and 3.9 K in NorESM2-LM, and 1.3, 2.1, 3.1, and 3.9 K in NorESM-MM, robustly similar in both resolutions. NorESM2-LM shows a rather satisfactory evolution of recent sea-ice area. In NorESM2-LM, an ice-free Arctic Ocean is only avoided in the SSP1-2.6 scenario.
Performance of automated flood inundation mapping methods in a
context of flash floods: a comparison of three methods based either
on the Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) concept, or on
1D/2D shallow water equations
Authors: Hocini Nabil , Payrastre Olivier , Bourgin François , Gaume Eric , Davy Philippe , Lague Dimitri , Poinsignon Lea , Pons Frederic
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Flash floods observed in headwater catchments often cause catastrophic material and human damage worldwide. Considering the large number of small watercourses possibly affected, the use of automated methods for flood inundation mapping at a regional scale can be of great help for the identification of threatened areas and the prediction of potential impacts of these floods. An application of three mapping methods of increasing level of complexity (HAND/MS, caRtino 1D, and Floodos 2D) is presented herein. These methods are used to estimate the flooded areas of three major flash floods observed during the last ten years in South-Eastern France: the 15th of June 2010 flood on the Argens river and its tributaries (585 km of river reaches), the 3rd of October 2015 flood on small coastal rivers of the French Riviera (131 km of river reaches) and the 15th of October 2018 floods on the Aude river and its tributaries (561 km of river reaches). The common features of the three mapping approaches are their high level of automation, their application based on a high-resolution (5 m) DTM, and their reasonable computation times. Hydraulic simulations are run in steady-state regime, based on peak discharges estimated using a rainfall-runoff model preliminary adjusted for each event. The simulation results are compared with the reported flood extent maps and the high water level marks. A clear grading of the tested methods is revealed, illustrating some limits of the HAND/MS approach and an overall better performance of hydraulic models solving the shallow water equations. With these methods, the inundated areas are overall well retrieved, and the errors on water levels remain mostly below 80 cm for the 2D Floodos approach. The most important remaining errors are related to limits of the digital elevation model such as the lack of bathymetric information, uncertainties on embankment elevation and to possible bridge blockages not accounted for in the models.
Uncertainties and their interaction in flood risk assessment with
climate change
Authors: Meresa Hadush , Murphy Conor , Fealy Rowan , Golian Saeed
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The assessment of future impacts of climate change is associated with a cascade of uncertainty linked to the modelling chain employed in assessing local scale changes. Understanding and quantifying this cascade is essential to developing effective adaptation actions. We evaluate and quantify uncertainties in future flood quantiles associated with climate change for four Irish catchments, incorporating within our modelling chain uncertainties associated with 12 Global Climate Models contained in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6, five different bias correction approaches, hydrological model parameter uncertainty and use of three different extreme value distributions for flood frequency analysis. Results indicate increased flood risk in all catchments for different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), with changes in flooding related to changes in annual maximum precipitation. We use a sensitivity test based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to decompose uncertainties and their interactions in estimating selected flood quantiles in the 2080s for each catchment. We find that the dominant sources of uncertainty vary between catchments, calling into question the ability to generalise about the importance of different components of the cascade of uncertainty in future flood risk. For two of our catchments, uncertainties associated with bias correction methods and extreme value distributions outweigh the uncertainty associated with the ensemble of climate models. For all catchments and flood quantiles examined, hydrological model parameter uncertainty is the least important component of our modelling chain, while the uncertainties derived from the interaction of components are substantial (>20 percent of overall uncertainty in two catchments). While our sample is small, there is evidence that the dominant components of the cascade of uncertainty may be linked to catchment characteristics and rainfall runoff processes. Future work that seeks to further explore the dominant components of uncertainty as they relate to catchment characteristics may provide insight into a priori identifying the key components of modelling chains to be included in climate change impact assessments.
Seismic signature of the COVID-19 lockdown at the city-scale: A case
study with low-cost seismometers in the city of Querétaro, Mexico
Authors: De Plaen Raphael S. M. , Márquez-Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Pérez-Campos Xyoli , Zuñiga Davila-Madrid Francisco Ramón , Rodríguez-Pérez Quetzalcoatl , Gómez González Juan Martín , Capra Lucia
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Seismometers have detected the social response to lockdown measures implemented following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in cities around the world. This long-lasting lockdown has been a particular challenge in countries such as Mexico, where the informal economy constitutes most of the working population. This context motivated the monitoring of the mobility of populations throughout the various phases of lockdown measures, independently from people's access to the internet and mobile technologies. Here we use the variation of anthropogenic seismic noise in the city of Querétaro (central Mexico) recorded by a network of low-cost Raspberry Shake seismic stations to study the spatial and temporal variation of human activity in the city throughout the pandemic and during sportive events. The results emphasize the importance of densifying urban seismic networks and tracking human activities without the privacy concerns associated with mobile technologies.
Surface-based Ku- and Ka-band polarimetric radar for sea ice studies
Authors: Stroeve Julienne , Nandan Vishnu , Willatt Rosemary , Tonboe Rasmus , Hendricks Stefan , Ricker Robert , Mead James , Mallett Robbie , Huntemann Marcus , Itkin Polona , Schneebeli Martin , Krampe Daniela , Spreen Gunnar , Wilkinson Jeremy , Matero Ilkka , Hoppmann Mario , Tsamados Michel
Published: December 2020

Abstract. To improve our understanding of how snow properties influence sea
ice thickness retrievals from presently operational and upcoming satellite
radar altimeter missions, as well as to investigate the potential for
combining dual frequencies to simultaneously map snow depth and sea ice
thickness, a new, surface-based, fully polarimetric Ku- and Ka-band radar
(KuKa radar) was built and deployed during the 2019–2020 year-long MOSAiC
international Arctic drift expedition. This instrument, built to operate
both as an altimeter (stare mode) and as a scatterometer (scan mode),
provided the first in situ Ku- and Ka-band dual-frequency radar observations from
autumn freeze-up through midwinter and covering newly formed ice in leads and
first-year and second-year ice floes. Data gathered in the altimeter mode
will be used to investigate the potential for estimating snow depth as the
difference between dominant radar scattering horizons in the Ka- and Ku-band
data. In the scatterometer mode, the Ku- and Ka-band radars operated under a
wide range of azimuth and incidence angles, continuously assessing
changes in the polarimetric radar backscatter and derived polarimetric
parameters, as snow properties varied under varying atmospheric conditions.
These observations allow for characterizing radar backscatter responses to
changes in atmospheric and surface geophysical conditions. In this paper, we
describe the KuKa radar, illustrate examples of its data and
demonstrate their potential for these investigations.
Parameter optimization in sea ice models with elastic–viscoplastic rheology
Authors: Panteleev Gleb , Yaremchuk Max , Stroh Jacob N. , Francis Oceana P. , Allard Richard
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The modern sea ice models include multiple parameters which strongly affect model solution.
As an example, in the CICE6 community model, rheology and landfast grounding/arching effects are
simulated by functions of the sea ice thickness and concentration with a set of fixed
parameters empirically adjusted to optimize the model performance.
In this study, we consider the extension of a two-dimensional elastic–viscoplastic (EVP) sea ice model using a
spatially variable representation of these parameters.
The feasibility of optimization of the landfast sea ice parameters and rheological parameters is
assessed via idealized variational data assimilation experiments with synthetic observations
of ice concentration, thickness and velocity.
The experiments are configured for a 3 d data assimilation window in a
rectangular basin with variable wind forcing. The tangent linear and adjoint models featuring EVP rheology are found to be unstable
but can be stabilized by adding a Newtonian damping term into the adjoint equations.
A set of observation system simulation experiments shows that landfast parameter
distributions can be reconstructed after 5–10 iterations of the minimization procedure.
Optimization of sea ice initial conditions and spatially varying parameters in
the stress tensor equation requires more computation but provides a better hindcast of
the sea ice state and the internal stress tensor. Analysis of inaccuracy in the
wind forcing and errors in sea ice thickness observations show reasonable
robustness of the variational DA approach and the feasibility of its application to
available and incoming observations.
High-resolution topography of the Antarctic Peninsula combining
TanDEM-X DEM and REMA mosaic
Authors: Dong Yuting , Zhao Ji , Floricioiu Dana , Krieger Lukas , Fritz Thomas , Eineder Michael
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The Antarctic Peninsula (AP) is one of the widely studied polar regions because of its high sensitivity to climate change and potential contribution to global sea level rise. Precise DEMs at high spatial resolution are highly demanded for investigating the complex glacier system of the AP at fine scale. However, the two most recent high-resolution DEMs covering the AP area, the 12-m TanDEM-X DEM (TDM DEM) from bistatic InSAR data acquired between 2013 and 2014 and the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica mosaic (REMA mosaic) at 8 m posting derived from optical data acquired between 2009 and 2017 have specific individual limitations. The TDM DEM has the advantage of good data consistency and few data voids, but there exist residual height errors in the non-edited DEM version. The REMA mosaic on AP has high absolute vertical accuracy (about 1 m) but suffers from large areas with data voids and a larger time span within the images used to generate DEM. To generate a consistent, gapless and high-resolution (12 m) topography product of the AP, we combine the TDM DEM and REMA mosaic by detecting and correcting the height errors in TDM DEM through a novel path propagation algorithm and multi-scale height error correction method based on the accurately calibrated REMA mosaic data. The resulting DEM was evaluated with laser altimetry data and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the resulting DEM has been reduced by about 50 % compared to the original TDM DEM. Remaining height errors especially due to phase unwrapping errors were successfully eliminated. The generated high-resolution DEM depicts the up-to-date topography of AP in detail and can be widely applied for glaciological studies at individual glaciers or at regional scale.
Hermeneutic, Comparative, and Syncretic Philosophy: Or, On Ricoeurian, Confucian and Aztec Philosophy
Authors: Purcell Sebastian
Published: December 2020

Hermeneutic philosophy, and Paul Ricoeur’s formulation of hermeneutics in particular, faces a serious challenge, not from external sources, but from internal proponents of the program. In what might be called the Collapse Challenge, Ricoeur’s understanding of the hermeneutic circle is criticized for making use of structuralist methods that are no longer considered viable. Rather than look to replace Ricoeur’s work with an external model, the present essay draws on his late model of translation to suggest two viable paths forward beyond the Collapse Challenge. To develop these paths, the essay gives two concrete cases, one using Confucian philosophy, which is comparative, another using Aztec philosophy, which is syncretic.
Book Review: Léa Veinstein, Les philosophes lisent Kafka. Benjamin, Arendt, Adorno, Anders
Authors: Moran Brendan
Published: December 2020

A book review of Léa Veinstein, Les philosophes lisent Kafka: Benjamin, Arendt, Adorno, Anders (Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme: Paris, 2019).
Bergson's Theory of Free Will
Authors: Dolbeault Joel
Published: December 2020

Bergson argues that there is an incompatibility between free will and determinism: while free will has a dimension of creation, of invention, determinism corresponds to the idea that the future is fixed in advance by laws. In addition, he rejects determinism. According to him, the singularity of our deep-seated psychic states makes that their evolution cannot be governed by laws. However, Bergson does not defend classical indeterminism (of which contemporary indeterminism is only an extension) because it reduces free will to a choice between alternative possibilities, that is to say between pre-fixed futures. Such a conception does not take into account the creative dimension of free will. In fact, Bergson develops an original form of indeterminism based on a certain conception of causation. For determinism and classical indeterminism, causation is always the actualization of a pre-fixed virtual reality (single or multiple). For Bergson, causation can also be a creation, that is, the formation of something which is not pre-fixed.
La Barcelona de la Guerra Civil española a través de la mirada de Antoni Campañà. Análisis fotográfico e histórico
Authors: Blanco Manuel , González Arnau
Published: December 2020

Las fotografías tomadas por Antoni Campañà (1906-1989) durante la Guerra Civil española estuvieron ocultas durante más de ochenta años hasta su descubrimiento en otoño de 2018. Este importantísimo hallazgo aporta una nueva mirada a la Barcelona en guerra y revolución ofreciendo material fotográfico complementario y desconocido de sucesos de gran importancia histórica como “la Desbandá” andaluza de 1937, las protestas por la escasez alimentaria o los efectos de los bombardeos nacionales, así como retratos inéditos de los milicianos anarquistas o de figuras como Joan García Oliver. De los más de 5000 negativos de guerra inéditos descubiertos, en este trabajo analizamos diez fotografías representativas del autor, su estilo y la época que retrata.
“Ser y valer”: Tres retratos de la diáspora femenina plasmados en la novela gráfica por mujeres artistas
Authors: Aparicio González María Jesús
Published: December 2020

En este estudio se han analizado tres novelas gráficas: La Perdida de Jessica Abel, Pérsepolis de Marjane Satrapi y Patria de Nina Bunjevac, publicadas durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2002-2015, con el objetivo de señalar como desde la identidad femenina a partir de esta manifestación plástica multidisciplinar contemporánea se describen acontecimientos complejos y desgraciados de la historia del tiempo presente cómo son: el desarraigo, el exilio, el racismo y la indefensión. Desde el análisis de contenido demostraremos la importancia que tienen las novelas gráficas referidas como documento histórico. Narradas desde la experiencia personal de las aludidas autoras-dibujantes y a la par migrantes voluntarias e involuntarias de nacionalidades tan dispares como la norteamericana, iraní, y europea del este, contextualizándolo en el lugar del que parten hacia el que se dirigen para asentarse. Con anterioridad elaboramos una introducción que se bifurca en dos visiones de interés: una conceptual sobre el origen de la migración y su connotación antropológica y otra que refiere y considera a la novela gráfica un recurso considerable, -aunque todavía inédito para la historiografía-, para crear conciencia sobre temas históricos-sociológicos tan controvertidos cómo los expuestos. Discurso que seguiremos desarrollando en un futuro a partir de los siguientes títulos: Sansamba de Susanna Marín, Sofía y el Negro de Judith Vanistendeal, Rolling Blackouts. Dispatches from Turkey, Siria and Iraq de Sarah Gliden y Bienvenue à Calais, Les raisons de la colère de Marie-Françoise Colombani
Prensa católica en Asturias: el caso gijonés (1901-1913)
Authors: González Unay José
Published: December 2020

Prensa ultramontana en la “ciudad roja”: la Compañía de Jesús y sus órganos de expresión en Gijón a principios del siglo XX”.A principios del siglo XX, Gijón afronta cambios decisivos a nivel político, social y económico, caracterizados por la ruptura de las viejas estructuras caciquiles conservadoras, el auge del republicanismo y la difusión del asociacionismo internacionalista. Paralelamente, se intensifica la actividad de la Compañía de Jesús en la ciudad a través de iniciativas ligadas al catolicismo social, pero también a un hasta ese momento larvado carlismo, inaugurando más de una década de actividad de un sector de la derecha claramente diferenciado del conservadurismo local y la burguesía a él ligada. Este artículo pretende abordar este fenómeno a través de dos publicaciones católicas que aparecen en Gijón bajo los auspicios de esta nueva derecha: El Popular (1901-1908) y El Principado (1909-1913)
"Rosario de Acuña: una genealogía del animalismo en la literatura decimonónica
Authors: Bernárdez-Rodal Asunción
Published: December 2020

La genealogía feminista nos permite trazar las líneas entre el presente y el pasado de las mujeres creadoras, que el la Historiografía o el canon literario han borrado, interesados sólo por el hacer de los hombres. En la actualidad, el Ecofeminismo y el animalismo forman parte de los movimientos críticos más importantes del sistema social contemporáneo. En este texto, trataremos de mostrar cómo los principios teóricos básicos que mantiene esta corriente feminista, se gestó en los movimientos más radicales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. La obra de Rosario de Acuña es una muestra de esta literatura crítica y reivindicativa, que planteaba hace ya más de un siglo y medio, la necesidad de vivir de forma equilibrada con la naturaleza
Las pantallas preferidas por los jóvenes vascos. El uso de los dispositivos y plataformas digitales por parte de los estudiantes de Secundaria
Authors: Fernández de Arroyabe-Olaortua Ainhoa , Eguskiza-Sesumaga Leyre , Miguel-Sáez de Urabain Ainara
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es medir el uso por parte de los adolescentes vascos (entre 12 y 16 años) de los dispositivos, plataformas y servicios digitales para el consumo, la prescripción, la creación y la difusión de contenidos audiovisuales. Para cumplirlo, se han realizado encuestas a 2.426 estudiantes de Secundaria guipuzcoanos. Los resultados hablan de jóvenes digitales y conectados, que manejan todos los aparatos tecnológicos del mercado: se relajan viendo la televisión inteligente y escuchando música en YouTube, estudian con el ordenador y crean sus propios contenidos con el teléfono móvil. No obstante, acuden a las tecnologías más para consumir y aprender que para crear, participar o empoderarse.
Consumo mediático entre adolescentes. Nuevos medios y viejos relatos en el entorno transmedia
Authors: Carrera Pilar , Blanco-Ruiz Marian , Sainz-de-Baranda Andújar Clara
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es conocer cuáles son las preferencias en contenidos mediáticos de la juventud entre 12 y 18 años. La hipótesis de partida es que la aparente diversidad de oferta no conlleva un consumo de contenidos mediáticos alternativos ni tampoco sin sesgos de género. Se realizó una encuesta de 10 preguntas abiertas -codificadas y tratadas de forma cuantitativa- a 1538 adolescentes (798 mujeres-771 varones). Los resultados confirman que las preferencias de contenidos mediáticos se insertan dentro de una lógica transmedia mainstream, ya sean producidos por los grandes conglomerados mediáticos tradicionales o por las nuevas estrellas mediáticas de YouTube. La fragmentación mediática no conlleva la emergencia de consumos alternativos, perpetuándose la brecha de género.
Entidades del tercer sector e innovación social. Elementos caracterizadores y factores de éxito
Authors: García-Flores Víctor , Palma Martos Luis
Published: December 2020

La innovación social es un fenómeno que ha sido ampliamente estudiado en la última década debido al auspicio propiciado tanto desde la esfera pública como privada. Sin embargo, hay un vacío en la literatura existente acerca de qué características son definitorias y relevantes para considerar una iniciativa como socialmente innovadora, así como sobre qué papel juegan las entidades del tercer sector en el desarrollo de la innovación social. Este trabajo tiene dos objetivos principales: en primer lugar, enunciar y ponderar las propiedades más importantes que debe tener una iniciativa para ser considerada innovación social, y, en segundo lugar, basándonos en dichas características, explicar por qué las entidades del tercer sector pueden ser, por su propia naturaleza, sujetos con facilidades para su desarrollo. Con este fin se ha diseñado una metodología cualitativa basada principalmente en la revisión de la literatura, la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas y el análisis de un caso. Las entrevistas, una vez transcritas, fueron analizadas con el programa Atlas.ti, lo que ha posibilitado identificar y ponderar un total de 18 atributos definitorios de la innovación social que han sido agrupados en 3 grandes bloques. Posteriormente, hemos analizado un proyecto de una entidad del tercer sector y hemos podido observar que todas las características previamente identificadas como definitorias de la innovación social están presentes en éste. Nuestro trabajo contribuye a crear una mayor evidencia empírica sobre qué aspectos principales deben ser tenidos en cuenta cuando se analiza si un proyecto es socialmente innovador o no. Asimismo, también se aporta un conocimiento relevante acerca de las potencialidades de las entidades del tercer sector como un agente con facilidades para el desarrollo de las innovaciones sociales.
Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic from the childrens’ perspective
Authors: Souza Jeane Barros de , Potrich Tassiana , Brum Crhis Netto de , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Zuge Samuel Spiegelberg , Lago Ana Lucia
Published: December 2020

Objective: To understand the repercussions of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) from the perspective of schoolchildren.

Materials and method: A qualitative study, of the participant action type, based on Paulo Freire’s theoretical and methodological precepts. The participants were 10 children living in the coastal area of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from a virtual culture circle held in July 2020. An analogy was made with the colored pencil to go through the stages of the research itinerary.

Results: Two generative themes emerged for discussion: the good things of the COVID-19 pandemic and the “cannots” of the pandemic. In the first theme, they highlighted more time with the family and strengthening family ties, proximity to pets, and self-care. In the second, they pointed out the impossibility of playing with friends, celebrating birthdays and hugging people.

Conclusions: The children identified positive and negative points experienced during the pandemic and unveiled the challenges of transforming moments of social isolation into spaces of family proximity, although restricted to their homes.
Experience of People in Mild and Moderate Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease in Spain
Authors: Riquelme-Galindo Jorge , García-Sanjuán Sofía , Lillo-Crespo Manuel , Martorell-Poveda Maria-Antonia
Published: December 2020

Objective: To analyze the meaning of dementia by those affected by it, and to give them a voice.

Material and methods: Descriptive phenomenology through interviews with people of both genders who are over 50 years old and living in Tarragona (Spain), with a diagnosis of mild or moderate dementia, mainly related to Alzheimer’s disease.

Results: Three main themes emerged: 1) normalization of memory loss in early stages as part of the natural aging process; 2) self-awareness of progressive memory decline, which is concealed from others, and 3) adaptation processes and strategies to coexist with their condition after diagnosis.

Conclusions: The most evident features were the lack of specialized infrastructures within the health system in terms of care, prevention programs, and early detection.
Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, a Tool for Early Detection of Delirium: Integrative Review
Authors: Henao-Castaño Angela María , Pachón Cetina Laura Elizabeth , Monroy Rodríguez Juan David
Published: December 2020

Objective: To analyze the context and use of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC) for early detection of delirium in adult patients, compiling the available evidence.

Method: Searching for relevant articles on databases such as Cinahl, Medline, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria: Articles written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, published between January 2013 and October 2019. Search terms: “nursing delirium screen,” “inpatient delirium screening,” and “nursing assessment.” We identified 23 articles in which the Nu-DESC was used. Two reviewers independently assessed the articles using the CASPe (Critical Appraisal Skills Program in Spanish) tool.

Results: The Nu-DESC is employed in different contexts such as the adult intensive care unit (ICU), post-anesthetic care unit (PACU), palliative care unit, and hospitalization unit. It is more frequently used in the PACU with a more sensitive threshold (≥ 1); the test showed greater sensitivity of 54.5 % (95 % CI: 32.2–75.6) and specificity of 97.1 % (95 % CI: 95.3–98.4).

Conclusion: The Nu-DESC facilitates the recognition of delirium episodes by the nursing team, makes care quicker and individualized for each patient, avoiding immediate pharmacological interventions, and coordinate interdisciplinary actions for diagnosis, especially in post-anesthetic care units.
Psychosocial Determinants of the Intention to Take Oral Antihypertensive Drugs: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Almeida Taciana da Costa Farias , Sousa Mailson Marques de , Gouveia Bernadete de Lourdes André , Olinda Ricardo Alves de , Lamas José Luiz Tatagiba , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: December 2020

Objective: To identify the psychosocial predictors that influence the behavioral intention to take oral antihypertensive drugs.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study, based on the theory of planned behavior. A questionnaire constructed and validated was applied to 220 individuals with systemic arterial hypertension in outpatient follow-up at a public hospital. The chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, Spearman’s correlation and multiple logistic regression were used for data analysis.

Results: The participants presented a high intention of taking antihypertensive drugs. The behavioral beliefs (ß = 0.0432; p = 0.0364), subjective norm (ß = -1.5708; p < 0.01) and perceived behavioral control (ß = 2.2809; p = 0.0028) explained the behavioral intention in 33 %.

Conclusions: The behavioral beliefs, the subjective norm, and the perceived behavioral control are significant psychosocial predictors of taking antihypertensive drugs and must be valued, individually and jointly, in the health actions targeted at this population.
Influence of life habits and behaviors on the health of adolescents
Authors: Rodrigues Eloisa da Fonseca , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Lourenção Luciano Garcia , Pintanel Aline Campelo , Alvarez Simone Quadros , Oliveira Adriane Maria Netto de
Published: December 2020

Objective: To identify the influence of life habits and behaviors on the health of adolescents.

Materials and method: This is a quantitative research, with an exploratory and descriptive approach, developed with 124 adolescents, students from a pre-professional school in southernmost Brazil. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics by means of the SPSS software, version 20.0.

Results: The high consumption of ultra-processed food in intermediate meals and insufficient sleep hours per night cause risks to the health of adolescents. Practicing physical activities has proved to be a health protection habit.

Conclusions: The adolescents need to reframe the importance of healthy eating and sleep in their routine. It was observed that there are modifiable factors for sleep improvement in quality and quantity, as well as the value and inclusion of in natura food in intermediate meals. We believe that the role of nurses in school spaces, giving rise to joint reflections on the process of self-care, health concepts, risky and healthy behaviors, is capable of promoting and protecting the health of adolescents and preventing morbidities in the future.
Hospitalizations due to Congenital Syphilis in Neonates: Associated Factors from the Prenatal Care Process
Authors: Pitilin Érica de Brito , Gasparin Vanessa Aparecida , de Resende e Silva Debora Tavares , Souza Jeane Barros de , Haag Fabiana Brum
Published: December 2020

Objective: To identify the factors associated with hospitalizations due to congenital syphilis in neonates, based on the characteristics of prenatal care.

Materials and method: A quantitative case-control study, conducted by applying a questionnaire to 65 puerperal women with their babies hospitalized from July to November 2017. The data were analyzed using logistic regression, according to the plan proposed in the hierarchical approach.

Results: 20% of the hospitalizations were due to syphilis (cases) and 80% to other causes (control). The vulnerability risk (p = 0.036), previous history of sexually transmitted infection (p = 0,006), use of oral contraceptives (p = 0.011) and parity (p = 0.043) variables were statistically significant. The absence of the partner during the consultation (p = 0.028), failure to perform a rapid test for syphilis (p = 0.035) and educational activity for the partner (p = 0.033) were also associated with the occurrence of the outcome, in addition to the variables of the newborn: low birth weight (p = 0.025), not being on exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.036) and not having had skin-to-skin contact (p = 0.043).

Conclusions: Congenital syphilis has several risk factors for its occurrence. It was possible to observe that the assistance inequalities existing in care during the prenatal consultations directly reflect on the occurrence of this condition.
Rational Choice, Personal Norms, Social Norms and Intention to Commit Resume Fraud
Authors: Man Fion L. C. , He Holly H. , Cheung Siu Kau
Published: December 2020

Referring to rational choice theory, theory of planned behavior, situational action theory, and model of frame selection, the study examines the effects of rational choice variables, social (subjective) norms, and personal (moral) norms on a sample of 286 associate degree graduants’ intention to misrepresent information on their resumes with a view to identifying ways to curb the problem. Participants were asked to indicate their likelihood of fabricating, embellishing, and omitting information on their resumes in response to a hypothetical recruitment advertisement. Their perceived benefits/costs of resume fraud as well as the respective probabilities of occurrence, perceived social norms and personal norms were measured. Results found that only perceived benefits (but not perceived costs or the probabilities of occurrence) and personal norms (but not social norms) had direct effects on intention to commit resume fraud. The findings suggest that while job applicants are utilitarian, their rationality is bounded, and they only use limited information in making relevant decisions. Personal norms also moderated the effect of perceived benefits on resume fraud, with effect of perceived benefits much weakened among those with higher personal norms. The results cast doubt on the use of deterrence measures to curb resume fraud. On the other hand, the importance of business ethics education is highlighted.
The Features of Online Tourism Information towards Young Traveler Satisfaction: A Case of Kuching the City of Unity
Authors: Ya'cob Siti Aishah , Sieng Huong Kui
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, online information serves many functions. Despite solely for shopping purposes, the online platform has tremendously served the worldwide community for information search related to travelling. Hence, the features of online information are critically important to be investigated, in understanding the factors that lead to traveler satisfaction. This study investigates the features of online tourism information that lead to satisfaction of the domestic travelers from Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah to Kuching city of Sarawak Borneo. This study proposes two factors, namely credibility of information and segmentation of information. There was a total of 247 sets of questionnaires completed by domestic travelers who visited Kuching city in the year 2015. It is evident that both credibility and segmentation of online tourism information have significant and positive relationships towards traveler satisfaction. In short, the findings of this study offer a clearer view on the credibility and segmentation of online tourism information from domestic traveler’s viewpoint.
Síndrome dispéptico en los pacientes que consultan la UCSF-I Conchagua
Authors: Durán Zelaya Roxana Stephanie , Castañeda Benítez Carmen Elena , Romero Turcios Nelsy María
Published: December 2020

El síndrome dispéptico se define como presencia de saciedad precoz, plenitud post pandrial, dolor epigástrico o ardor epigástrico en ausencia de enfermedad orgánica, sistémica o metabólica que probablemente explique los síntomas. La prevalencia de la dispepsia es leve, los estudios llevados a cabo en diferentes países se sitúa entre el 11- 29.2%. En la Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar Intermedia Conchagua el número de consultas curativas vistas del periodo 1 de enero al 31 de mayo de 2019 registradas en el sistema de morbimortalidad de El Salvador fueron 970, de las cuales 8 fueron clasificadas con el diagnóstico de dispepsia funcional. De estas consultas el tratamiento realizado por el médico se realiza de forma subjetiva al no contar con una guía clínica, por lo que el objetivo general del ensayo es establecer el diagnóstico y manejo de síndrome dispéptico en los pacientes que consultan en la Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar Intermedia Conchagua. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada para el presente estudio resultó conveniente el uso de la técnica de revisión documental, a través de la búsqueda en motores de búsqueda como: Cochrane, Google académico, libros de texto y, posteriormente, se realizó un análisis e interpretación de la información. Las fuentes consultadas establecen que el diagnóstico se realiza clínicamente con base en los criterios diagnósticos de Roma IV, estudios de gabinete como la endoscopia y exámenes de laboratorio entre los que destacan la prueba de Helicobacter pylori. El tratamiento de la dispepsia con evidencias científicas puede ser farmacológico y no farmacológico. En relación al tratamiento del síndrome dispéptico a nivel de Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar Conchagua se basa únicamente en medidas farmacológicas, no obstante contando con recursos de nutricionista para brindar tratamiento no farmacológico no se hace uso de este.
Entendiendo la fisiopatología de COVID-19
Authors: De García Jacqueline
Published: December 2020

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declara oficialmente, desde el 11 de marzo de 2020, a la enfermedad causada por el virus SARS COV2 como pandemia. Nuestro mundo ha cambiado, las sociedades médicas nacionales e internacionales intentan conocer a este peligroso; pero invisible enemigo, que ha venido a convertir nuestra normalidad en algo difícil de volver a concebir, así como un reto para las naciones a nivel de salud pública y economía entre otras facetas de la vida cotidiana.
Does Unconventional Monetary Policy Affect Bank Profitability in the Euro Area?
Authors: Agnese Paolo , Capuano Paolo
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the impact of unconventional monetary policy (UMP) on bank profitability in the euro area, over the period 2007-2019.In particular, through multiple regression models, we analyze the relationship between the UMP variables (Longer-term refinancing operations and Securities held for monetary policy purposes) and the main bank profitability variables used in the literature (Return on average equity, Return on average assets and Net interest margin).This work is original compared to recent studies on the subject as it considers the impact of UMP expressed in terms of volumes rather than in terms of interest rates on bank profitability variables.Our results suggest that the UMP adopted by the Eurosystem over the period considered is negatively associated with bank proﬁtability expressed by the Return on average equity and the Return on average asset. By contrast, monetary policy measures do not seem to have had any effect on the Net interest margin.
The Association between Sex Hormones and Developmental Stuttering Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yekta Hossein Shayeste , Fakoori Farya , Mohammadi Hiwa , Vaziri Siavash
Published: December 2020

Stuttering is a male-biased speech motor control disorder that lead to disruption in the rhythm of speech. The effect of sex on development of stuttering is well known; males are more susceptible to and less recovered from stuttering than female. Sex hormones have been studied as a main accused factor for this gender dependency of the disorder. The aim of this systematic review is to navigate the extent of previous research about the relationship of developmental stuttering and sex hormones. Toward these ends, a comprehensive, electronic review of past concepts regarding the relationship of stuttering with sex hormones and digit ratio as an indirect index for fetal testosterone exposure, in Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane database was carried out to identify potential studies for the review. Inclusion criteria were original quantitative research, written in English, used human subjects and published from 2000 through 2020. Findings were mixed, although potential patterns were identified. There were methodological limitations such as small participant numbers, in the targeted population in this review research. The findings from this current study add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating that sex hormone have a significant association with stuttering.
Geschilleninstanties in de zorg en schadevergoeding
Authors: de Leeuw R.H.M.
Published: December 2020

Geschilleninstanties in de zorg en schadevergoeding
MEDIATION IN SCHOOLS IN THE OPINIONS OF
TEACHERS AND SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Rusinkiewicz Joanna , Piś Łukasz
Published: December 2020

The rapidly expanding living space of young people, filled with various – often new – content, which is the source of all experiences and sensations, gradually blurring the subtle boundaries between what is and what is not socially accepted, generates confl icts and disputes between frustrated teenagers. These often result from a lack of ability to deal with a particular situation and a lack of ability to solve the problem. It is common knowledge that confl icts are an integral part of social life. Ultimately however, they would have probably led to the destruction of societies if it had not been for the tools and procedures developed to solve them. Thanks to the ability to solve confl icts and mitigate their eff ects, it is easier for young people to enter into new social roles. It is also easier for them to function at school, family and peer levels. School as a space of educational interaction between diff erent subjects is a place of particular risk for confl icts and disputes. Therefore, knowledge of school mediation may prove extremely useful in this matter. The purpose of school mediation is to reach an agreement and agree appropriate positions on important issues. In its assumptions, mediation introduces a culture of dialogue and co-responsibility for shaping the school’s image. The aim of the research conducted in March 2020 was to fi nd out the opinion of the two most important groups in each school – teachers and students – about mediation and the mediator. Therefore, an attempt was made to fi nd an answer to the research question: What is the opinion of teachers and secondary school students on the value of mediation in schools?
Design of a Research and Training Platform for Operating Portable Chainsaws Using Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: WODZYŃSKI Mieszko
Published: December 2020

The logging industry belongs to one of the industrial processing branches with the greatest risk of accidents at work. Unfortunately, such situations often result in serious injuries and even the deaths of employees. In most cases, the casualties are people who are badly trained and inexperienced, with a short employment history. One solution to avoid these tragedies is to support workers employed in this industry with training applications. This paper presents a description of a research and training platform for operating portable chainsaws using virtual reality (VR) technology. The platform simulates phenomena occurring while working with a chainsaw, such as falling tree parts, the occurrence of chips and characteristic sound effects. The study used the HTC Vive Pro set and a dummy chainsaw with an electric module, thanks to which the application lets you control a virtual chainsaw using a real life device tracked by a system for mapping objects in space. For the purpose of this work, a series of 32 tests were conducted with 16 subjects and conclusions were drawn on the basis of test reports and surveys, in which the subjects expressed their opinions about the course of events in the platform application.