bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The laboratory investigation of pleural fluids: An update based on the available evidence
Authors: Arrigo Claudia , Aloisio Elena , Rovegno Leila , Dolci Alberto , Panteghini Mauro
Published: March 2023

Selecting appropriate laboratory tests based on available evidence is central to improve clinical effectiveness and impacting on patient outcome. Although long studied, there is no mutual agreement upon pleural fluid (PF) management in the laboratory context. Given the experienced confusion about the real contribution of laboratory investigations to guide clinical interpretation, in this update, we tried to identify useful tests for the PF analysis, aiming to unravel critical points and to define a common line in requesting modalities and practical management. We performed a careful literature review and a deepened study on available guidelines to finalize an evidence-based test selection, intended for clinicians’ use to streamline PF management. The following tests depicted the basic PF profile routinely needed: (1) abbreviated Light’s criteria (PF/serum total protein ratio and PF/serum lactate dehydrogenase ratio) and (2) cell count with differential analysis of haematological cells. This profile fulfils the primary goal to determine the PF nature and discriminate between exudative and transudative effusions. In specific circumstances, clinicians may consider additional tests as follows: the albumin serum to PF gradient, which reduces exudate misclassification rate by Light’s criteria in patients with cardiac failure assuming diuretics; PF triglycerides, in differentiating chylothorax from pseudochylothorax; PF glucose, for identification of parapneumonic effusions and other causes of effusion, such as rheumatoid arthritis and malignancy; PF pH, in suspected infectious pleuritis and to give indications for pleural drainage; and PF adenosine deaminase, for a rapid detection of tuberculous effusion.
Challenges and Tradeoffs of “Good” Teaching: The Pursuit of Multiple Educational Outcomes
Authors: Blazar David , Pollard Cynthia
Published: March 2023

The pursuit of multiple educational outcomes makes teaching a complex craft subject to potential conflicts and competing commitments. Using a data set in which teachers were randomly assigned to classes paired with videotaped lessons, we both document and unpack such a tradeoff. Upper-elementary teachers who excel at raising students’ math test scores often are less successful at improving student-reported engagement in class (and vice versa). Furthermore, teaching practices that improve test scores (e.g., cognitively demanding content) can simultaneously decrease engagement. At the same time, paired quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal two areas of practice that support both outcomes: active mathematics with opportunities for hands-on participation, physical movement, and peer interaction; and established routines and procedures to proactively organize the classroom. In addition to guiding practice-based teacher education, our sequential, explanatory mixed-methods analysis can serve as a model for rigorously studying and identifying dimensions of “good” teaching that promote multidimensional student development.
The increasing emission divide between cities of the Global North and Global South: Towards adjustable mitigation scenarios at the city level
Authors: Jabareen Yosef
Published: March 2023

The emission divide between large developed and developing cities is increasing, making it unlikely that the Paris Agreement will be met. Herein, we examine how the 424 largest cities globally, each with one million or more residents, contribute to the global emissions gap and examine the increasing emission divide between developed and developing cities. We find that 302 cities lack emissions data, and the overall emission rate has been increasing at an average of 7.9% per annum. Furthermore, only 31 cities have achieved reductions in the emissions gap, all of which are cities in the developed world. Even though cities are responsible for ∼75% of global CO2 emissions, science lacks practical policies for mitigation where resources are scarce. Accordingly, we propose new policy directions to lessen this divide, and we urge the development of city-oriented mitigation science and practical policies to help cities around the world develop specific mitigation policies based on their economic feasibility.
Channeling and Wages Among New US Immigrants from Mexico, India, and the Philippines
Authors: Painter Matthew A. , Sanderson Matthew R. , Kwon Ronald
Published: March 2023

National — and local — conversations about immigration are often centered on immigrants’ integration into the US society. One factor that shapes immigrants’ integration is their pre-migration work experience, skills, and training and a series of studies have used “channeling” as a concept to identify immigrants who have worked in the same occupation and/or industry in the destination labor market as they had in the origin labor market, prior to migration. Using the New Immigrant Survey (NIS) and a simultaneous equation model (SiEM) approach, this article expands on this research by exploring the impact of channeling on wages for Asian Indians, Filipino/as, and Mexicans with lawful permanent resident (LPR) status. Contrary to prior findings on the effects of channeling within specific industries, we find that channeling is associated with lower, not higher, immigrants’ wages. The findings are robust to different definitions of channeling, as the negative effects of channeling hold within industrial sectors and occupational groups. Moreover, the results indicate that channeling is not exclusive to the Mexico–US migration stream, but instead may be a feature of various US-bound immigration streams, including those from India and the Philippines.
Judicial Framing and Immigration Policymaking: Israel's Policy toward Self-Claiming Palestinian Informers
Authors: Hadad Ofir , Hofnung Menachem
Published: March 2023

How does the use of judicial framing, a repeated selection of certain features across a large number of related cases, enable courts to be active participants in national immigration policymaking? Previous legal studies have often underestimated the judicial impact on national immigration policies and focused, instead, on courts’ limited intervention in landmark cases. In this article, we show that by repeatedly using a particular judicial framing as part of their daily practice over a large group of legal cases, courts can help form a new national policy related to forced migration without setting any explicit legal precedent that challenges the decisions of the country's security authorities and government ministries. The analysis presented here examines the Israeli High Court of Justice's engagement in Israel's immigration policymaking toward Palestinians who claimed to have worked with Israeli security agencies as collaborators and were fearful of harsh reprisals if they remained in Palestinian autonomous areas. By looking beyond the outcomes of individual cases, our analysis opens another avenue for research on courts’ hidden intervention into national immigration policy through adopting and further developing new legal categories of forced migrants as part of their practice in the national arena.
A comparative study of four thoracic mortality scores
Authors: Schlachtenberger Georg , Doerr Fabian , Menghesha Hruy , Amorin Andres , Gaisendrees Christopher , Miesen Sebastian , Seibel Christian , Wahlers Thorsten , Hekmat Khosro , Heldwein Matthias B.
Published: March 2023

Background

The percentage of patients in resectable stages at initial diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) raises due to better screening programs. Therefore, risk prediction models are becoming more critical. Here, we validated and compared four established scoring models, the Thoracoscore, Epithor, Eurloung 2, and the simplified Eurolung 2 (2b), in their ability to predict 30-day mortality.

Methods

All consecutive patients undergoing anatomical pulmonary resection were included. The performance of the four scoring systems was assessed with Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (calibration) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (discrimination). We compared the area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curves by DeLong's method.

Results

A total of 624 patients underwent surgery for NSCLC at our institution between 2012 and 2018 30-day mortality was 2.2% (14 patients). The AUC for Eurolung 2 and the simplified Eurolung 2 (0.82) were greater than those of the other scoring systems, Epithor (0.71) and Thoracoscore (0.65). In addition, the DeLong analysis showed a significant superiority of Eurolung 2 and Eurolung 2b over the Thoracoscore ( p = 0.04); there were no significant differences compared to Epithor.

Conclusion

Eurolung 2 and the simplified Eurolung 2 were the favorable scoring systems for predicting 30-day mortality compared to Thoracoscore and Epithor. Therefore, we recommend using Eurolung 2 or the simplified Eurolung 2 for preoperative risk stratification.
Phlebological insole: Can it help in the lymphoedema treatment? A scoping review
Authors: De Michele Manuela , Mastrullo Monica , Melotto Gianluca , Tedeschi Roberto
Published: March 2023

Background

The treatment of lymphoedema requires a multi-professional and interdisciplinary approach. Despite being prescribed in the management of lymphatic disorders, the effectiveness of the phlebological insoles is still under investigation.

Aim

This scoping review aims to identify and analyse evidence regarding the efficacy of phlebological insoles as a conservative intervention for lower limb lymphoedema.

Method

The following databases were searched up to November 2022: PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, PEDro and Scopus. Preventive and conservative interventions were considered. Studies considering people with lower limb oedema, of any age and type of oedema, were eligible for inclusion. No restrictions in terms of language, year of publication, study design and type of publication were applied. Additional studies were sought through grey literature.

Results

From 117 initial records, 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. Two quasi-experimental studies and one randomised cross-over study were included. The results of the examined studies confirmed the positive effects of insoles usage and foot and ankle mobility on the venous return.

Conclusion

This scoping review provided an overview of the topic. The studies analysed in this scoping review have shown that insoles seem to be beneficial in reducing the lower limb oedema in healthy individuals. However, there are still no comprehensive trials confirming this evidence on people with lymphoedema. The small number of identified articles, the selection of participants not affected by lymphoedema, the use of heterogeneous devices in terms of modifications and materials highlight the need of further investigations. Future trails should include people affected by lymphoedema, address the choice of materials in manufacturing the insoles and take in consideration the patients’ adherence to the device and concordance to the treatment.
Bridging gaps across levels of care in rehabilitation of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: Results from a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Berdal Gunnhild , Sand-Svartrud Anne-Lene , Linge Anita Dyb , Aasvold Ann Margret , Tennebø Kjetil , Eppeland Siv G , Hagland Anne Sirnes , Ohldieck-Fredheim Guro , Valaas Helene Lindtvedt , Bø Ingvild , Klokkeide Åse , Sexton Joseph , Azimi Maryam , Dager Turid N , Kjeken Ingvild
Published: March 2023

Objective

To compare the effectiveness of a structured goal-setting and tailored follow-up rehabilitation intervention with existing rehabilitation in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.

Design

A pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial.

Setting

Eight rehabilitation centers in secondary healthcare, Norway.

Participants

A total of 374 adults with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases were included in either the experimental (168) or the control group (206).

Interventions

A new rehabilitation intervention which comprised structured goal setting, action planning, motivational interviewing, digital self-monitoring of goal progress, and individual follow-up support after discharge according to patients’ needs and available resources in primary healthcare (the BRIDGE-intervention), was compared to usual care.

Main measures

Patient-reported outcomes were collected electronically on admission and discharge from rehabilitation, and after 2, 7, and 12 months. The primary outcome was patients’ goal attainment measured by the Patient Specific Functional Scale (0–10, 10 best) at 7 months. Secondary outcome measures included physical function (30-s Sit-To-Stand test), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L-index), and self-assessed health (EQ-VAS). The main statistical analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis using linear mixed models.

Results

No significant treatment effects of the BRIDGE-intervention were found for either primary (Patient Specific Functional Scale mean difference 0.1 [95% CI: −0.5, 0.8], p = 0.70), or secondary outcomes 7 months after rehabilitation.

Conclusion

The BRIDGE-intervention was not shown to be more effective than existing rehabilitation for patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. There is still a need for more knowledge about factors that can improve the quality, continuity, and long-term health effects of rehabilitation for this patient group.
A rare case report of primary uterine and vaginal lymphoma in the elderly
Authors: Gao Yu-Fei , Wang Yong , Wang Tao , Han Li-Na , Zhang Hui
Published: March 2023

Uterine lymphoma is rare and usually occurs in middle-aged women. The clinical symptoms lack any specific characteristics. Imaging characteristics usually include uterine enlargement with density and uniform signal soft tissue masses. Magnetic resonance T2 weighted imaging, enhanced scanning, diffusion weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient values have certain characteristics. The gold standard for diagnosis remains a pathological examination of a biopsy specimen. The special feature of this current case was that the uterine lymphoma occurred in an 83-year-old female patient that presented with a pelvic mass for more than 1 month. Based on the imaging findings, a primary uterine lymphoma was considered, but her advanced age of onset did not match the disease. After pathological confirmation, the patient was diagnosed with uterine lymphoma and she received eight cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone) plus local radiotherapy for the large masses. The patients achieved good results. Follow-up enhanced computed tomography imaging showed that the uterine volume had significantly reduced compared with before treatment. The diagnosis of elderly patients with uterine lymphoma can provide a more accurate plan for subsequent treatment.
Mechanical Properties of Pyramidal Lattice Sandwich CFRP Composites to Flat and Bending Loads
Authors: Yang Na , Sun Fuzhen , Zhu Puqiang , Wang Jianfeng
Published: March 2023

In this study, by rearranging the typical pyramid lattice structure of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites to obtain a small node distance and simplify the fabrication procedure, a new type of pyramid lattice structure is designed and fabricated using the snap-fit method. The flatwise compression and bending properties of the new pyramid lattice structure are studied experimentally. The results show that the compression failure mode of the lattice structure is truss fracture, while the bending failure mode is truss fracture and debonding between face sheets and cores. The damage distribution of the fibre and matrix in the lattice structure core is obtained via a finite element simulation, and it is found that there are differences in the ply damage with different fibre directions. In addition, the influence of the core truss length and layering direction on compression and bending properties of the structure are analysed using a finite element simulation.
Effects of Having an IEP on the Reading Achievement of Students With Learning Disabilities and Speech or Language Impairments
Authors: Woods Adrienne D. , Morgan Paul L. , Wang Yangyang , Farkas George , Hillemeier Marianne M.
Published: March 2023

The extent to which reading achievement is causally impacted by eligibility for special education services due to a learning disability (LD) or speech or language impairment (SLI) is currently unclear. In this registered report, we analyzed national data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Cohort of 2010–2011 (ECLS-K: 2011) using student-fixed effects with a lagged dependent variable estimated by maximum likelihood to assess (a) whether being assigned an Individualized Education Program (IEP) and so receiving special education services affects individually measured reading achievement for students with LD or SLI ( N = 2,400) and (b) heterogeneity in the effect of having an IEP for different demographic groups. We observed small, negative effects in early grades ( d = −0.09) but larger, positive effects in later grades ( ds = 0.29–0.67). These more negative early effects primarily occurred among students identified with SLI, male students, and students who faced socioeconomic barriers. Effects were more positive for students who are Black, Hispanic, or who exited special education.
Performance of parabolic trough solar collector with spinning star inserts in receiver tube with hybrid nanofluid
Authors: Chakraborty Oveepsa , Das Biplab , Gupta Rajat
Published: March 2023

To achieve better performance from parabolic solar trough collector, rotational motion in the heat-carrying liquid is imposed by installing spinning star inserts in the steady receiver. The goal of this analytical investigation is to reduce the temperature gradient in the fluid flow. A total of four cases for parabolic trough collectors are simulated in ANSYS 22R1 Fluent. Three steady receivers fitted with rotating star inserts and one without inserts is examined. Hybrid nanofluids of 1% volume content in water are obtained by mixing aluminum oxide and copper oxide. This examination considers rotating inserts in the receiver with a velocity ranging from 0 to 15 rad/s. The flow rate is from 0.016 kg/s to 0.033 kg/s. The outcomes are analyzed in terms of thermal efficiency, Nusselt number, outlet temperature, and pump work demand. It is observed that maximum improvement for thermal efficiency and Nusselt number are 38.03% and 50.90% for case 3 (star inserts with fin height of 25 mm and length of 4 mm) at 15 rad/s than receiver without inserts with nanofluid 1 (copper oxide 75%–aluminum oxide 25%) for 0.033 kg/s flow rate. At the same operating condition, the maximum increment for pump work demand is 20.41% for case 3 than receivers without inserts.
State-of-the-art hybrid-assisted machining processes of nickel-based superalloys
Authors: Manepalli Satyadev , Shanmuka Srinivas Maddula , Katiyar Jitendra Kumar , Bhagavathi Lakshmana Rao , Ravi Sankar Mamilla
Published: March 2023

Nickel-based superalloys are most commonly used in aerospace and marine applications owing to their superior mechanical properties. They show great resistance against creep and stress rupture at high temperatures. However, they are considered difficult to machine by conventional machining (CM) techniques owing to their low thermal conductivity, work hardening ability, presence of hard carbide particles, and chemical affinity toward various tool materials. Hybrid-assisted machining techniques can be an alternative to CM to improve the machinability of these alloys. Therefore, the present article discusses the effect of heat-assisted machining techniques like laser-assisted machining (LAM), flame-assisted machining (FAM), plasma-assisted machining (PAM), and induction-assisted machining (IAM) of Ni-based superalloys compared to CM. Additionally, cryogenic machining, ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining (VAM), and a combination of hybrid-assisted machining techniques on the machinability of Ni-based superalloys have also been discussed.
Experimental study on leakage location of branched pipelines based on acoustic propagation characteristics
Authors: Zhao Si-Liang , Liu Shao-Gang , Zhao Dan , Qiu Bo , Hong Zhou , Shi Xuan-Long
Published: March 2023

In order to study the principle of leakage location for branched pipeline based on acoustic propagation characteristics, an acoustic propagation model of branched pipelines is established, and the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves in branched pipeline are obtained by analyzing the continuous acoustic signals generated by pipe leakage, a new leakage location method of branched pipelines based on acoustic propagation characteristics is proposed. Experimental results show the leakage position in branched pipeline system is accurately located with an average relative error of 3.2%. It is proved that the new location method for the leakage location of branched pipelines has wide applicability and improved accuracy, which can contribute great significance to expanding application scenarios of leakage location method based on acoustic propagation characteristics as well.
Minimum effective volume of ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided adductor canal + IPACK block in total knee arthroplasty: A double-blind, randomized dose-finding trial
Authors: Wang Qiuru , Ma Ting , Hu Jian , Yang Jing , Kang Pengde
Published: March 2023

Background

Our previous study reported that when a respective 20 mL of ropivacaine was used for adductor canal block (ACB) combined with infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK) block for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the minimum concentration of 0.275% could provide successful block in almost all patients. Based on the results, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the minimum effective volume (MEV90, defined as the volume which can provide successful block in 90% of patients) of ACB + IPACK block.

Methods

This double-blind, randomized dose-finding trial was based on a biased coin up-and-down sequential design, where the volume of ropivacaine administered to a given patient depended on the previous patient’s response. The first patient received 15 mL of 0.275% ropivacaine for ACB and again for IPACK. If the block failed, the next subject received a 1 mL higher volume for ACB and IPACK, respectively; otherwise, the next subject received either a 1 mL lower volume (probability of 0.11) or the same volume (probability of 0.89). The primary outcome was whether the block was successful. Block success was defined as the patient did not suffer significant pain and did not receive rescue analgesia within 6 h after surgery. Then the MEV90 was estimated by isotonic regression.

Results

Based on analysis of 53 patients, the MEV90 was 17.99 mL (95% CI 17.47–18.61 mL), MEV95 was 18.48 mL (95% CI 17.45–18.98 mL) and MEV99 was 18.90 mL (95% CI 17.38–19.07 mL). Patients whose blocks succeeded had significantly lower NRS pain scores, lower morphine consumption, and shorter hospitalization.

Conclusion

0.275% ropivacaine in 17.99 mL respectively can provide successful ACB + IPACK block in 90% of patients undergoing TKA. The minimum effective volume (MEV90) of ACB + IPACK block was 17.99 mL.
Beyond burnout I: Doctors health services and unmet need
Authors: Lele Kiran , Mclean Loyola M , Peisah Carmelle
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Doctors’ mental health has received renewed attention given the epidemic of burnout, high suicide rates and the recent pressures of the COVID-19 pandemic. Internationally, various service designs and primary prevention initiatives have been trialled to address these needs. Systemic barriers such as stigma as well as individual characteristics of doctors have historically prevented access to mental health services. This paper outlines the Australian service context from which a new publicly funded doctors’ mental health programme emerged.

Methods

A narrative review of current services and a description of the challenges is outlined.

Results

A picture of urgency and unmet needs emerged with particular challenges, such as the need for privacy.

Conclusions

Doctors’ mental health is an urgent priority with direct impacts on patient safety and care. The complex context and the unmet need suggest the focus must go far beyond burnout and has prompted the establishment of a new service model designed to complement existing services in the Australian context, to be described in a sister paper.
Helping Adolescents with Trauma: Using Neuro-Informed Family Counseling
Authors: Parker-Barnes Lucy , McKillip Noel , Powell Carolyn
Published: March 2023

Trauma and trauma-informed care are crucial components for family counselors to know. Considering the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the counseling field is reinforced with this continued need to address trauma. This article will provide an overview of how trauma impacts the adolescent brain, how personality is shaped by trauma, and how integration of neuro-informed and trauma-informed family counseling can help young clients and their families. For practical purposes, this documentation will feature a hypothetical client with the pseudonym “Noah,” to further apply neuro-informed and trauma-informed family counseling for readers.
Effect of Vancomycin Applied to the Surgical Site on Fracture Healing in a Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Hernandez Alexis , Rahman Ohidur , Kadkoy Yazan , Lauritsen Katherine L. , Sanchez Alexandra , Innella Kevin , Lin Anthony , Lopez Jonathan , O’Connor J. Patrick , Benevenia Joseph , Paglia David N. , Lin Sheldon S. , Cottrell Jessica
Published: March 2023

Background:

Prophylactic vancomycin treatment decreases the prevalence of surgical site and deep infections by >70% in diabetic patients undergoing reconstructive foot and ankle surgery. Thus, determining whether clinically relevant local vancomycin doses affect diabetic fracture healing is of medical interest. We hypothesized that application of vancomycin powder to the fracture site during surgery would not affect healing outcomes, but continuous exposure of vancomycin would inhibit differentiation of osteoblast precursor cells and their osteogenic activity in vitro.

Methods:

The vancomycin dose used to treat the diabetic rats was a modest increase to routine surgical site vancomycin application of 1 to 2 g for a 70-kg adult (21 mg/kg). After femur fracture in BB-Wistar type 1 diabetic rats, powdered vancomycin (25 mg/kg) was administered to the fracture site. Bone marrow and periosteal cells isolated from diabetic bones were cultured and treated with increasing levels of vancomycin (0, 5, 50, 500, or 5000 µg/mL).

Results:

Radiographic scoring, micro–computed tomography (µCT) analysis, and torsion mechanical testing failed to identify any statistical difference between the vancomycin-treated and the untreated fractured femurs 6 weeks postfracture. Low to moderate levels of vancomycin treatment (5 and 50 µg/mL) did not impair cell viability, osteoblast differentiation, or calcium deposition in either the periosteum or bone marrow–derived cell cultures. In contrast, high doses of vancomycin (5000 µg/mL) did impair viability, differentiation, and calcium deposition.

Clinical Relevance:

In this diabetic rodent fracture model, vancomycin powder application at clinically relevant doses did not affect fracture healing or osteogenesis.
Women's Behavioral Coping Responses During Sexual Assault: Association With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and the Moderating Role of Alexithymia
Authors: Ennis Naomi , Rheingold Alyssa , Zinzow Heidi M. , Thompson Martie P. , Gilmore Amanda K. , Kilpatrick Dean , Hahn Christine K.
Published: March 2023

We examined the associations between women's behavioral coping responses during sexual assault and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and the moderating role of alexithymia in college women ( N  =  152). Immobilized responses ( b  =  0.52, p < .001), childhood SA ( b  =  0.18, p  =  .01), and alexithymia ( b  =  0.34, p < .001) significantly predicted PTSD. The interaction between immobilized responses and alexithymia was significant ( b  =  0.39, p  =  .002), indicating a stronger association for those higher in alexithymia. Immobilized responses are associated with PTSD, particularly for those with difficulty identifying and labeling emotions.
Cultivating the Symbolic Capital of Singularity: The Vineyard, From Space to Place
Authors: Carter Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

This article considers how local conditions of any one place both impact and are impacted by the geo-political and economic conditions of the wider world. Using the microcosm of the French winegrape vineyard, I explore local-global dynamics in the production and dissemination of symbolic capital. Facing market instability during the 19th century, French producers re-invented familiar symbols to distinguish their cultural wealth of place, creating and recreating shifting hierarchies of insiders and outsiders. These conceptions of place were legitimatized and diffused through the help of global institutions. As these invented concepts of place, tradition, and singularity gained dominance and broad global adoption, French producers sought to re-invent a “historical” narrative and recast the vineyard as a site of singular nature and unique heritage.
Case report and literature review: A hiccup patient developed encephalitis and duodenal perforation
Authors: Kong Fanfeng , Zeng Xiao Xue
Published: March 2023

Brainstem encephalitis is rare and this study aims to report the clinical course, imaging features, and therapeutic response of hiccup patient with gastric ulcer who developed brainstem encephalitis with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) detected in cerebrospinal fluid and then subsequently followed by development of duodenal perforation. Data of a gastric ulcer patient who suffered from hiccups, with brainstem encephalitis detected and then subsequently suffered from duodenal perforation were collected retrospectively and analyzed. A literature search was conducted on Epstein–Barr virus associated encephalitis using keywords like “Epstein–Barr virus encephalitis” and “brainstem encephalitis,” “hiccup.” The etiology of EBV-related brainstem encephalitis in this case report is not clear. However, from the initial hiccup to the presentation of both brainstem encephalitis and duodenal perforation during the course of hospitalizations builds up an uncommon case.
Weight-biased attitudes about pediatric patients with obesity in Dutch healthcare professionals from seven different professions
Authors: van der Voorn Bibian , Camfferman Roxanna , Seidell Jacob C , Puhl Rebecca M , Halberstadt Jutka
Published: March 2023

Little is known about the prevalence of negative weight-biased attitudes among Dutch healthcare professionals (HCPs) when treating children and adolescents with obesity and whether interdisciplinary differences are present. Accordingly, we asked Dutch HCPs that treat pediatric patients with obesity to complete a validated 22-item self-report questionnaire about their weight-biased attitudes. In total, 555 HCPs participated from seven different disciplines: 41 general practitioners (GPs), 40 pediatricians, 132 youth healthcare physicians, 223 youth healthcare nurses, 40 physiotherapists, 40 dieticians, and 39 mental health professionals. HCPs from all disciplines reported to experience negative weight-biased attitudes among themselves. Pediatricians and GPs scored highest on negative weight-biased attitudes, including frustrations in treating children with obesity, and feeling less confident and prepared to treat children with obesity. Dieticians scored the least negative weight-biased attitudes. Participants from all groups perceived weight bias expressed by their colleagues, toward children with obesity. These findings are comparable to results reported by adult HCPs from other countries. Interdisciplinary differences were found and underscore the need for more research on contributing factors that impact explicit weight bias among pediatric HCPs.
Evaluation of a Nurse Practitioner Accreditation Program Pilot Study
Authors: Staples Eric , H. Samuel , Miller Fellow Maria
Published: March 2023

In Canada, nurse practitioners (NPs) have been recognized as advanced practice nurses (APNs) for two decades. During this time, the number of NP education programs has increased and transitioned from post-baccalaureate to graduate and post-graduate level. In 2018, the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing's (CASN) board of directors passed a motion to provide a voluntary NP accreditation program. Three NP programs (one collaborative) volunteered to participate in an accreditation pilot study between 2019 and 2020. As part of quality improvement, a pilot study evaluation involving all NP stakeholders was completed by a post-doctoral nursing fellow who led structured virtual focus groups. These groups focused on the NP accreditation standards and key elements, developed by CASN, as well as the accreditation process. The purpose of the evaluation study was to ensure the accreditation process was relevant, responsive to the needs of the discipline and promoted high-quality NP education. The data was analyzed and synthesized using content analysis. Several areas of improvement were identified to avoid duplication and to provide consistency in communication and collection of accreditation data. The recommendations led to revisions of the accreditation standards, to strengthen them and resulted in the standards and accreditation manual being published earlier than expected. The three NP programs involved in the pilot study received accreditation. The new standards will be utilized in Canada to improve the consistency and quality of NP education programs in Canada and abroad in the coming years.
Sonochemical synthesis and electrochemical performance of reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide nanocomposites
Authors: Bai Rui , Zhao Yunpeng , Lu Cuiying , Meng Yu , Gao Wenwen , Wang Yan , Dang Rui , Mu Miao , Wang Jinxi , Jiao Yurong
Published: March 2023

Reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide (is synthesized by a simple sonochemical route. The morphology and chemical structure of the nanocomposites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, insitu infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical properties of a fabricat reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide2 nanocomposite electrode examined by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate that the reduced graphene oxide can prevent the aggregation of cerium dioxide nanoparticles; meanwhile, the reduced graphene oxide/cerium dioxide-3 nanocomposite electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with a high specific capacitance of 185 F·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1, a high rate capability, and good reversibility, which results from the synergism and coupling between reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and cerium dioxide nanoparticles.
The association between HER2-low expression and prognosis of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tang Yuyao , Shen Guoshuang , Xin Yuanfang , Li Zhoujuan , Zheng Yonghui , Wang Miaozhou , Liu Zhen , Zhao Yi , Zhao Fuxing , Ren Dengfeng , Zhao Jiuda
Published: March 2023

Background:

The use of antibody–drug conjugates for the treatment of advanced-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low expression in breast cancer (BC) has shown prominent curative effects, which has led to increased academic interest. However, the role of HER2-low expression in the prognosis of BC remains controversial.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases and several oncology conferences until 20 September 2022. We used fixed- and random-effects models to calculate odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and pathological complete response (pCR) rates.

Results:

Overall, 26 studies encompassing 677,248 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Patients with HER2-low BC showed significantly better OS than those with HER2-zero BC in the overall population (HR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.85–0.97) and hormone receptor-positive population (HR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96–0.99), whereas no significant difference was observed in the OS of the hormone receptor-negative population ( p > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the DFS of the overall and hormone receptor-negative population ( p > 0.05), but better DFS than those with HER2-zero BC in the hormone receptor-negative population (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94–0.99). There was also no significant difference in the PFS of the overall population, hormone receptor-positive, and hormone receptor-negative population ( p > 0.05). Patients with HER2-low BC had a lower pCR rate after neoadjuvant treatment than those with HER2-zero BC.

Conclusions:

Compared to patients with HER2-zero BC, those with HER2-low BC had better OS in the overall population and hormone receptor-positive population, DFS in hormone receptor-positive population and lower pCR in the overall population. The biological differences between HER2-low and HER2-zero BCs, particularly in hormone receptor-positive patients, and the relationship between HER2-low expression status and prognosis need to be explored further.
Autonomy matters: Influences of causality orientations on Chinese adolescents’ growth mindset
Authors: Zhao Yukun , Huang Zhen , Wu Yiwen , Peng Kaiping
Published: March 2023

Growth mindset research has received global attention. However, the psychological antecedents of growth mindset remain under-explored. We propose that autonomous orientation would foster growth mindset, whereas controlled and impersonal orientations would impede it. We found support for this proposition in two studies. In a laboratory experiment (Study 1), Chinese sixth-graders primed with the autonomous orientation scored significantly higher on growth-mindset measures than those in the control group, whereas students primed with the controlled and impersonal orientations scored significantly lower. Furthermore, in a classroom intervention experiment (Study 2), using a newly designed autonomy orientation intervention, students in the treatment group showed stronger growth mindset than those in the control group, and the effect lasted for at least three months. Overall, our findings suggest that autonomy orientation is an antecedent of growth mindset and can be used to improve growth mindset among adolescents.
Gender Policies of the new Developmental State: The Case of Indonesian new Participatory Village Governance
Authors: Syukri Muhammad
Published: March 2023

This article shows how the Indonesian new developmental state addresses gender equality and women's empowerment in its effort to institutionalise a participatory approach in the state bureaucracy. It pays attention to the way the new developmental ideology has shaped participatory governance policy as an instrument of village development instead of deepening democracy and reworking the structure of traditional gender relations. Utilising qualitative data and a longitudinal monitoring study, this article argues that the new policy of participatory village governance has a narrow focus on village economy and infrastructure and ignores more sensitive issues, such as transforming the traditional gender structures.
In Vivo Characterization of Cerebellar Peduncles in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Single and Multishell Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Study
Authors: Xue Xiao’ao , Lu Rong , Li Hong , Chen Ziyi , Sheng Dandan , Jin Zhengbiao , Liu Shiyin , Liu Ailin , Yan Xu , Tang Weijun , Chen Shuang , Hua Yinghui
Published: March 2023

Background:

Ankle sprain causes proprioceptor injuries and prolonged joint deafferentation, which might lead to maladaptive neuroplasticity in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI), especially in the cerebellum. Previous studies have indicated the impairment of superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), but the inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) and middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) have not been fully analyzed.

Hypothesis:

The cerebellar peduncles of participants with CAI would have altered fractional anisotropy (FA) and orientation dispersion index (ODI) in comparison with healthy controls without ankle injury history. In addition, FA and ODI would be correlated with the duration or severity of the sensorimotor deficits in CAI.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

A group of 27 participants with CAI and 26 healthy controls underwent diffusion-weighted imaging scanning, with the cerebellar peduncles as the regions of interest. The measures obtained by single-shell diffusion tensor imaging and the multishell neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging were used. Correlation analyses were performed to examine the potential relationship between the FA/ODI and both the normalized Y-balance scores and the durations of ankle instability.

Results:

The ipsilateral ICP of the injured ankle in participants with CAI showed significantly lower FA (Cohen d 95% CI, –1.33 to -0.21; P = 0.04) and marginally significant higher ODI (Cohen d 95% CI, 0.10 to 1.20, P = 0.08) when compared with the same measures in the control group, with the ODI being positively correlated with the duration of ankle instability ( r = 0.42, P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

The ICP in participants with CAI exhibited impaired integrity and a trend of abnormally organized neurites in comparison with a healthy control group.

Clinical Relevance:

The impairments of ICP might be an ongoing part of the pathological process of CAI, having the potential to become a target for the diagnostic evaluation of this clinical entity.
Long-Term Outcomes for Living Kidney Donors With Early Guideline-Concordant Follow-up Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dhalla Anisha , Lloyd Anita , Lentine Krista L. , Garg Amit X. , Quinn Robert R. , Ravani Pietro , Klarenbach Scott W. , Hemmelgarn Brenda R. , Ibelo Uchenna , Lam Ngan N.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Current guidelines recommend that living kidney donors receive lifelong annual follow-up care to monitor kidney health. In the United States, the reporting of complete clinical and laboratory data for kidney donors has been mandated for the first 2 years post-donation; however, the long-term impact of early guideline-concordant care remains unclear.

Objective:

The primary objective of this study was to compare long-term post-donation follow-up care and clinical outcomes of living kidney donors with and without early guideline-concordant follow-up care.

Design:

Retrospective, population-based cohort study.

Setting:

Linked health care databases were used to identify kidney donors in Alberta, Canada.

Patients:

Four hundred sixty living kidney donors who underwent nephrectomy between 2002 and 2013.

Measurements:

The primary outcome was continued annual follow-up at 5 and 10 years (adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, LCLaORUCL). Secondary outcomes included mean change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time and rates of all-cause hospitalization.

Methods:

We compared long-term follow-up and clinical outcomes for donors with and without early guideline-concordant care, defined as annual physician visit and serum creatinine and albuminuria measurement for the first 2 years post-donation.

Results:

Of the 460 donors included in this study, 187 (41%) had clinical and laboratory evidence of guideline-concordant follow-up care throughout the first 2 years post-donation. The odds of receiving annual follow-up for donors without early guideline-concordant care were 76% lower at 5 years (aOR 0.180.240.32) and 68% lower at 10 years (aOR 0.230.320.46) compared with donors with early care. The odds of continuing follow-up remained stable over time for both groups. Early guideline-concordant follow-up care did not appear to substantially influence eGFR or hospitalization rates over the longer term.

Limitations:

We were unable to confirm whether the lack of physician visits or laboratory data in certain donors was due to physician or patient decisions.

Conclusions:

Although policies directed toward improving early donor follow-up may encourage continued follow-up, additional strategies may be necessary to mitigate long-term donor risks.
The incidence and severity of symptoms similiar to peristing concussion symptoms in neurologically healthy individuals in aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Faulkner Josh W
Published: March 2023

The non-specificity of persisting concussion symptoms (PCS) following concussion can make treatment and rehabilitation a complex and challenging endeavour for clinicians. International studies have demonstrated that in neurologically healthy individuals similar symptoms also exist. This study aimed to examine the presence and frequency of symptoms similar to PCS in neurologically healthy adults in Aotearoa New Zealand and compare these to PCS following concussion. 252 neurologically healthy adults (34.22 years); completed the Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (RPQ). Scores on this measure were evaluated and compared with 146 individuals who were at least three months post-injury (34.62 years). 25.79% (n = 65) of the neurologically healthy individuals had scores on the RPQ of ≥16. Fatigue was the most commonly endorsed symptom (67.9%), followed by sleep disturbances (59.9%). Certain demographic factors (age, education history and gender) were associated with higher endorsement but only on specific symptoms. The concussion group had significantly higher scores on the RPQ and significantly more individuals with PCS. However, at the individual item level, just over half of PCS symptoms were significantly higher in the concussion group. These symptoms were predominately neurological, with only forgetfulness and irritability significantly different between the concussion and neurologically healthy groups. Symptoms similar to PCS are prevalent in neurologically healthy individuals in Aotearoa New Zealand. The implications of these findings on the rehabilitation and management of PCS are discussed.
Monozygotic twins with endometriosis in matching locations at time of laparoscopy: A case report
Authors: McNamara Helen C , Michalak Katarzyna A , Cheng Claudia
Published: March 2023

Endometriosis is a common benign gynaecological disorder, which has an increased prevalence amongst twins and first degree relatives of affected individuals. Here we describe a case of remarkable resemblance in the distribution of deep infiltrating endometriosis related to the bowel in a monozygotic twin pair. We provide a literature review of studies of endometriosis in twins. We propose that genetic factors influence the nature and distribution of the disease, while environmental factors may affect the severity.
Rainfall Shocks, Health and Well-being in Rural Vietnam
Authors: Le Kien , Nguyen My
Published: March 2023

This study examines how rainfall shocks influence self-perceived health conditions and subjective well-being among Vietnamese rural residents. To estimate the effects of interest, we adopt the individual fixed effects model that exploits the within-individual variation in rainfall shock exposure. We uncover the harmful impacts of rainfall shocks on individual health and subjective well-being. Particularly, a 100% increase in rainfall relative to the district-specific norms make individuals 14.3 and 14.6 percentage points less likely to report themselves to be healthy and healthier relative to last year, respectively. They are also 13.7 and 5.5 percentage points less likely to consider themselves wealthy in comparison to other residents in their villages and Vietnam, respectively. We further show that individuals working in both agriculture and non-agriculture industries are adversely affected by rainfall shocks, but the impacts are larger in magnitude for the agriculture group. The findings suggest that effective measures from the government and households are required to alleviate the costs of climate volatility such as rainfall shocks.

JEL Classifications: I15, J13, O15, Q54