bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure Levels from Mobile Phones and Wireless Hotspots in Some Parts of Makurdi-Nigeria
Authors: Akaagerger NB , Kaki DK , Philip AI , Ikyo BA
Published: September 2021

Radio waves and Microwaves also known as Radio Frequency Radiations (RFR) have been associated with health hazards. This research was carried out to assess the safety level of these radiations in Makurdi, Benue State. Measurement of RFR power density and electric field strength were carried out for mobile phones. A Cornet 15SA Electrosmog meter was used for assessing RFR exposure levels. Measurements of RFR power density (mWm-2) and electric field strength (Vm-1) for wireless hotspots were carried out within 10m radius to offices and open areas with high occupancy. Radiation levels from mobile phones were measured on the surface with mobile phones in contact with the meter in a normal direction such that maximum readings are obtained. A survey questionnaire was also designed to assess the level of knowledge of the residents concerning the effects of exposure to RF radiations. The field strength and Power density from mobile phones were found to range from 0.1946 Vm-1 to 26.2446 Vm-1 and 0.1004 mWm-2 to 1.827 Wm-2 respectively. These are within ICNIRP recommended value of 10 Wm-2 for members of the public. Environmental levels of RFR in areas with RFR generating devices showed that RFR levels ranged from 5.0595Vm-1 (0.0679 Wm-1) to 7.3961Vm-1 (0.145 Wm1). Also, assessment of areas with Wi-Fi hotspots showed that the presence of hotspots significantly increased background levels of RFR. These values were compared with measurements carried out in areas without RF devices which ranged from 0.10212Vm-1 (0.02766 mWm-2) to 1.7334 Vm-1 (0.0079 Wm-2). The presence of devices was seen to increase the amount of radiation in the environment. The questionnaire results indicated that there was need to further educate the public on the effects of these radiations and precautionary to be adopted for safety.
Desarrollo de competencias para emprender: literatura internacional y una experiencia en Cuba
Authors: Aguirre de Lázaro Erwin O. , Carnota Lauzán Orlando , Angelo Hernández Ovidio D´ , Morillas Valdés Francisco Damián , Vázquez López Yarbredy
Published: September 2021

Es objetivo del trabajo compartir experiencias sobre desarrollo de competencias para emprender, en cursantes y asesorados por el proyecto INCUBA EMPRESAS, del Centro Loyola Reina, en La Habana, Cuba. Se fundamentó, elaboró y validó la primera versión de un perfil de competencias; así como creó un Observatorio, cuyos proyectos sirvieron de base a fin de rediseñar entrenamientos, y asesorías del programa, lo cual mejoró sus procesos y desempeños, aunque mitigados por factores contextuales. Se concluye generalizando esos resultados y proponiendo nuevas acciones.
AbstractThe goal of this paper is to share experiences on development of competences for entrepreneurship in beneficiaries of training & advisory activities of INCUBA EMPRESAS project, of Queen Loyola Center, of Jesus Society, in La Habana, Cuba. The foundations, devise & validation of the first version of a competences profile is exposed. An Observatory was created, whose projects gave diagnosis & proposals as premises to redesign the abovementioned activities, improving processes & results, although mitigated due to environmental factors. Generalization of such upshots & new recommendations are given.
La capacitación como medida cautelar en el combate a la corrupción en la micro y pequeña empresa
Authors: Trujillo Martínez Verónica Elizabeth , Mendoza Gómez Laura Thaigi , Morales  Pérez Alejandro Jesús , Vicente Yescas Roberto
Published: September 2021

El artículo muestra los resultados de la investigación realizada en las MyPE’s de los municipios deSan Pablo Huixtepec y Zimatlán de Álvarez Oaxaca y la propuesta de capacitación para apoyar en el combate a la corrupción de estas comunidades. El objetivo es analizar la relación que existe en tres ejes: a) capacitación; b) corrupción y c) desarrollo económico de las mismas. El método utilizado en la investigación es de tipo cuantitativo correlacional. Se analizaron 5ítems relacionados con la percepción que tienen los empresarios sobre la corrupción que afecta a su empresa y 19 ítems relacionados con la experiencia del empresario con la corrupción y las instituciones gubernamentales, esta información fue tomada de 540 cuestionarios aplicados en los municipios antes mencionados. Se identificóque si existeuna relación entre las variables analizadas y una tendencia que a mayor capacitación menor grado de corrupción y mayor desarrollo económico en las MyPE ́s.

AbstractThe article shows the results of the research carried out in the MyPE's of the municipalities of San Pablo Huixtepec and Zimatlán de Alvarez Oaxaca and the proposal of training to support in the fight against corruption of these communities. The objective is to analyze the relationship that exists in three axes: (a) training; (b) corruption and (c) economic development. The method used in research is correlational quantitative type. We analyzed 5 items related to the perception of entrepreneurs about the corruption affecting their company and 19 items related to the experience of the entrepreneur with corruption and government institutions, this information was taken from 540 questionnaires applied in the aforementioned municipalities. It was identified that if there is a relationship between the variables analyzed and a trend that thereis a greater degree of corruption and greater economic development in micro and small enterprises.
Conocimientos y hábitos de inversiones en criptomonedas: Comparación entre Generación X y Generación Y
Authors: Catache Mendoza María Del Carmen , González Trejo Samuel Elí , Pedroza Cantú Gloria , Martínez Cerda María Del Carmen
Published: September 2021

La pérdida del valor adquisitivo del dinero tradicional ha propiciado que las criptomonedas sean consideradas como una nueva alternativa de inversión. Esta investigación mide las diferencias entre dos generaciones (X y Y) en cuanto a conocimiento sobre criptomonedas y hábitos de inversión. Se aplicó un instrumento a 200 personas de ambas generaciones que laboran en diversas empresas del estado de Nuevo León mostrando que un 35% de la Generación X y el 31% de la Generación Y, no tienen la costumbre de invertir. En conclusión, se presenta un desconocimiento de inversión en criptomonedas además de considerarla riesgosa.
AbstractThe loss of purchasing value of traditional money has made cryptocurrencies to be considered a new investment option. This study investigates the differences between X & Y Generations in regard to cryptocurrency knowledge, investment habits and disposition to invest in cryptocurrencies. A measurement instrument was applied to 200 individuals that work in different firms in the State of Nuevo Leon and the results show that 35% of Generation X and 31% of Generation Y do not use to invest. In conclusion, there is ignorance in relation to cryptocurrency investment and it is also considered risky.
Análisis comparativo de la efectividad y la satisfacción en las mypes de victoria Tamaulipas por género del directivo
Authors: Cruz Delgado Daniela , Herrera Ledesma Pedro Alberto , García Martínez Julio César , Torres Ramírez Estela
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar, de forma comparativa, las características de las mypes de Victoria, Tamaulipas por género del propietario, destacándose la efectividad en resultados organizacionales y satisfacción. Los resultados indican que 51.1% de los encuestados son varones, 48.5% son mujeres, 63.7% son casados y 68.2% de las mypes han superado los 3 años de vida activa. La mitad de los encuestados le dedican entre 56 y 72 h a la semana a la empresa. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en los resultados organizacionales ni en la satisfacción del directivo de las mypes por género.
AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyze, comparatively, the characteristics of the mypes of Victoria, Tamaulipas by gender of the owner, highlighting the effectiveness in organizational results and satisfaction. The results indicate that 51.1% of respondents are male, 48.5% are women, 63.7% are married and 68.2% of mypes have exceeded 3 years of active life. Half of therespondents dedicate between 56 and 72 hours a week to the company. No significant differences were found in organizational outcomes or in the manager's satisfaction of mypes by gender.
CHOOSING A NEURAL NETWORK STRUCTURE FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING AS AN EXPERIMENT PLANNING
Authors: Slavutskii Leonid A. , Slavutskaya Elena V.
Published: September 2021

The paper is devoted to the use of artificial neural networks for signal processing in electrical engineering and electric power industry. Direct propagation neural network (perceptron) is considered as an object in the theory of experiment planning. The variants of the neural network structure empirical choice, the quality criteria of its training and testing are analyzed. It is shown that the perceptron structure choice, the training sample, and the training algorithms require planning. Variables and parameters of neuro algorithm that can act as factors, state parameters, and disturbing influences in the framework of the experimental planning theory are discussed. The proposed approach is demonstrated by the example of neural network analysis of the industrial frequency signal of 50 Hz nonlinear distortions. The possibility of using an elementary perceptron with one hidden layer and a minimum number of neurons to correct the transformer saturation current is analyzed. The conditions under which the neuro algorithm allows one to restore the values of the main harmonic amplitude, frequency and phase with an error of no more than one percent are revealed. The signal processing in a «sliding window» with a duration of a fraction of the fundamental frequency period is proposed, and the neuro algorithm accuracy characteristics are estimated. The possibility to automate the neural network structure choosing for signal processing is discussed.
INCREASING AN ACCURACY OF CONTROL ACTION VOLUME CALCULATION IN CENTRALIZED EMERGENCY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR STATE ESTIMATION OF POWER SYSTEMS
Authors: Batseva Natalia L. , Foos Julia A.
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the results of the study on the effectiveness and advisability of voltage’s and current’s angles usage, collected from a wide-area monitoring system, to increase an accuracy of control actions volume calculation in case of power system’s state estimation. Centralized emergency control system architecture of a power pool system is shown to better understand the research core. We emphasize that the state estimation software module is the key module in a high level hardware and software package. Ways of telemetry and synchronized phasor measurements collection are outlined. For research practice, Gauss-Newton mathematical method is modified via measurement vector, vector-function, and scalar matrix of weight coefficients. Experiments are provided by IEEE 14-bus power system and 500–220 kV real backbone network. These power systems have several control areas, connected by interchanges. According to experiment results, we conclude that using not only voltage’s and current’s modules but also angles increases an accuracy of control actions volume calculation and effectiveness of a centralized emergency control system operation in the part of a control action formation. Therewith, the usage of current’s modules and angles raises the execution time of the state estimation software module. It is undesirable for real time systems operation. Therefore, it is reasonable to take into account current’s modules and angles only for those interchanges in emergency mode, when intensity factor, characterizing the limit of static stability, is more than 0.92. We also find out that control action volume calculation is sensitive to mistakes in current’s angles measurements. Thus, for reliable usage of current’s modules and angles as data for a state estimation and control action volume calculation, it is necessary to prevent timing errors of synchronized phasor measurement units and also develop a phase shift correction algorithm.
FEATURES OF THE MILITARY-POLITICAL INTERACTION OF THE USSR AND YUGOSLAVIA IN CONNECTION WITH THE PREPARATION FOR THE MEETING ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE (1973–1975)
Authors: Klevceviсh Pavel V.
Published: September 2021

The article examines the problems of the Soviet-Yugoslav military-political interaction on security and cooperation in Europe. The positions and contradictions between the Soviet and Yugoslav parties on issues of cooperation and security in Europe are analyzed.

The essence of Belgrade’s position on this issue was in interpreting particularly sensitive issues for it: equal responsibility of countries united in opposing military-political blocs for security in Europe, the need to respect the interests of countries outside these blocs, as well as the presence of other powers’ armed forces near the borders of these countries.

Contradictions between Moscow and Belgrade have emerged on the issues of cooperation and security in Europe. Moscow insisted on mainstreaming security problems in the Central Europe, as a possible theater of military operations between NATO and the Warsaw Pact bloc in the future. Yugoslavia, proceeding from its national and military-political interests, advocated the inclusion of security problems in the Southern Europe and the Mediterranean in the agenda of the conference.

Another issue on which there was a discrepancy in the views of the Soviet and Yugoslav leadership was understanding the thesis of peaceful coexistence of states and the scope of its application to various subjects of international relations. Moscow extended this concept to the nature of relations between the West and the East, and the Yugoslavs equated this provision in relation to the right of their way of building socialism in the country, as well as guarantees of national sovereignty in case of attempts to interfere from outside in order to adjust the principles of state and social development of their state.

The desire of Yugoslavia on the eve of the European conference to plot a vector in its conduct in a favorable aspect for it worried Moscow and focused on careful study and timely response to Belgrade’s initiatives.

In the context of the problem of Soviet-Yugoslav cooperation on security issues and cooperation in Europe, the urgent need of Belgrade for Moscow’s help in resolving the crisis in the public and political life of the country is shown as well.
THE UYEZD CENTER OF THE VYATKA PROVINCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF ETHNOCULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND URBAN REFORM OF THE 70s OF THE 19th CENTURY
Authors: Kondrashin Denis V.
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the change in the attitude of domestic historians to the problem of self-governance of towns in pre-revolutionary Russia. The new vision is mediated by the influence of foreign historiography, the renewal of historical methodology, and a long period of forgetting the theme. Addressing to the study of the imperial period in the history of urban self-governance is also determined by modern trends: ongoing search for optimal structural models of current local authorities and a keen interest in the domestic experience in the formation of urban self-governance bodies in the conditions of the country’s capitalist development. The local aspect is interesting in the context of insufficient coverage of the preserved complex of historical sources.

The article considers the activities of municipal self-governance bodies of Yelabuga, one of uyezd centers of the Vyatka province, during the period of the City Regulation of 1870. The main changes introduced by the new law in the organization and activities of local self-governance bodies are described, the weaknesses of the pre-reform legislation are identified, against the background of which the progressive nature of innovations is noted. The conclusion is made about providing the country’s towns with equal opportunities for further development. Special attention is paid to changing hiring rules of municipal self-governance bodies; the social composition of Yelabuga City Duma is examined, as well as its features that manifested in the predominance of the merchant class. The influence of the commercial and industrial population strata on the development of Yelabuga during the time under study is revealed. By a comparative analysis of mandatory resolutions of Yelabuga (Vyatka province) and Chistopol (Kazan province) City Dumas, the approaches of self-governance bodies of uyezd centers to conducting economic activities and regulating public relations are studied. The conclusion is formulated that the absence of compulsory (police) power reduced the effectiveness of the regulatory function performed by the City Dumas, but the use of the law-based right to develop and implement mandatory regulations gave positive results. The structure of municipal budgets determined by the Regulation of 1870 is examined, the incomes and expenses of Yelabuga are analyzed, the conclusion is made about limited budgetary rights of city authorities that led to infringement of public interests.
Optimization of the Law against Customer Financing That Performs Default in Leasing Agreements Legal Optimization of Customer Financing That Performs Default in Leasing Agreements in Indonesia
Authors:   Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia, Dirkareshza Rianda
Published: September 2021

There are several facilities provided by financing institutions, until now leasing has become the most frequently used facility by the community. Leasing is a type of fiduciary guarantee, where in the agreement Customer Financing must pay an installment fee against the fiduciary guarantee object until the object can be said to be paid off. In practice, it is often found that Customer Financing defaults with discontinued installments and does not provide voluntary collateral objects to financing institutions. Thus, the dispute of default must be resolved immediately so that it does not take a long time, this financing institution is assisted by a third party, namely debt collectors. However, the passing of Supreme Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 the procedure of execution of the object of bail must now be taken by court process. In addition to the court process is considered relatively long, the value of the object of guarantee also continues to decrease over time, then in this case the financing institution becomes the aggrieved party. Therefore, research is needed so that there is no inequality of rights. This research is conducted with a juridical-normative approach and doctrinal law, with data collection techniques in document studies and leasing staff interviews, and analyzed qualitatively. To increase effectiveness in the implementation of execution rights and avoid losses that are always borne by financing institutions, it requires firm enforcement and optimization of default dispute resolution carried out by Customer Financing.
The Influence of Leadership Style and Compensation on Company Performance with Work Commitment as Intervening Variable in Pt. Pura Barutama
Authors:   Universitas Krisnadwipayana Campus Unkris Jatiwaringin PO BOX 7774/Jat CM Jakarta 13077, Indonesia, Kemal Agung
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of leadership style, compensation, and work commitment on company performance at PT. Pura Barutama partially and simultaneously. The research method uses descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach. The sampling used is a saturated sample is all of the population is sampled. The number of samples in this study was 70 respondents. The analysis uses path analysis using the SPSS program. The results obtained: 1) The leadership style variable affects the company's performance. 2) The compensation variable affects the company's performance. 3) The work commitment variable affects the company's performance. 4) The influence of leadership style on company performance through employee work commitment is smaller than the indirect effect, so it can be said that the work commitment variable is not intervening. 5) While the effect of compensation on employee performance through work commitment is smaller than the indirect effect, so it can be said that the work commitment variable is not intervening. 6) The variables of leadership style, compensation and work commitment affect the company's performance simultaneously.
The Effect of Diversity of The Board of Commissioners on Bank Credit Risk in Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia, Pertiwi Tri Kartika
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of board age diversity on bank credit risk, (2) the effect of board education diversity on bank credit risk, (3) the effect of board gender diversity on bank credit risk, and (4) the effect of board nationality diversity on bank credit risk. The population in this study are banking sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2014-2018 period. The sampling technique in this study used census sampling with a total sample of 37 banks. Data is collected from the bank's annual report. Fixed effect period regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis of this study. The results of this study indicate that: (1) board age diversity has a significant negative effect on bank credit risk, (2) board education diversity has a significant negative effect on bank buying credit risk, (3) board gender diversity has no significant effect on risk bank credit, (4) board nationality diversity has no significant effect on bank credit risk.
Doctor's Assessment on Salary, Income in Vietnam Public Hospital
Authors:   University of Labor and Social Affairs, Vietnam, Tuoi Do Thi Tuoi Do
Published: September 2021

This article studies the salary and income of doctors at public hospitals in Vietnam based on the survey results of 228 doctors at 5 central hospitals, 9 provincially run and centrally run hospitals and 10 district hospitals. The surveys were conducted during April and May, 2021. Research results show that it is necessary to have a correct viewpoint of the nature and role of salaries, bonuses and welfare regimes in the total income of doctors paid by public hospitals; It is also necessary to compare and evaluate the salary and income of doctors in public hospitals with the salaries and incomes of other industries and fields, other hospitals, and with colleagues in the same hospital; in order that essential changes can be made in state regulations, hospitals administration following a state-owned manner, and doctors perception of salary and income.
Changes in Market Orientation of Batik SMES During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Pujiastuti Eny Endah
Published: September 2021

Changes in the business environment have been experienced by SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus placing strong pressure on business sustainability. This case study aims to describe the changes in market orientation carried out by SMEs during the pandemic. The research was conducted at the Association of Written Batik Banyuripan which consists of 62 SMEs in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Data were collected using interviews with the association's administrators and focus group discussions involving all members of SMEs. Triangulation has been carried out to ensure data quality involving SME group leaders, local government as SME coaches, and distributors. The results of the study show that SMEs respond quickly to environmental changes during the pandemic by changing market orientation by expanding the target market, adjusting products according to needs during the pandemic, using online-based technology to promote products and sales transactions. SMEs still maintain the characteristics of written batik. Changes in market orientation carried out by batik SMEs are proven to be able to prevent SMEs from going bankrupt.
PERINGKAT PERKEMBANGAN LUKISAN KANAK - KANAK
Authors: MUSTAPHA AZWADY
Published: September 2021

Pada umumnya, apabila kita mengamati lukisan kanak-kanak, kesan yang ditimbulkan oleh coretancoretan mereka adalah tidak menentu dan kadang kala menimbulkan kelucuan dan naif dimana coretancoretan tersebut tidak pernah dirancang sebelumnya, tetapi merupakan akibat yang spontan dari ekspresi yang bebas dan gurisan yang polos dengan bentuk-bentuk dan warna-warna yang selaras dengan kata hatinya. Kebebasan dan kemurnian yang dimiliki kanak-kanak adalah sangat dominan baik dalam coretan, bentuk objek, warna dan komposisinya sehingga sering dikatakan bahawa seni lukis kanak-kanak merupakan lukisan yang paling murni kerana masih belum terpengaruh seperti orang dewasa. Di sebalik lukisannya itu, apabila kita memperhatikan secara teliti, kita dapati nilai-nilai artistik dan estetik bahkan mempunyai sifat-sifat dan ciri-ciri yang abstrak.
 
In general, when we observe children’s drawings, the impact caused by the graffiti they are unpredictable and sometimes create humor and naive where graffiti was never designed before, but the result of a spontaneous free expression and record the plain forms and colors in accordance with their conscience. Freedom and purity of children are very dominant both in snippets, object shape, color and composition so that it is often said that children’s painting is a painting of the most pure because they have not been affected as adults. Behind their paintings, when we look closely, we find artistic and aesthetic values even have the characteristics of the abstract.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES IN MALAYSIAN SHARIAH COMPLIANT INVESTMENT ORGANIZATION
Authors: ABDUL RAHIM MARLISA , WAN MOHD NASIR WAN MOHD NAZDROL , MAT NAWI NOR MAIZANA , ABU BAKAR NURZEHAN , MUHAMED YUSOFF ABDULLAH , ROSDI SAIYIDA NAFISA
Published: September 2021

Dana Islam adalah penting dalam aspek industri perdagangan patuh shariah termasuk semua perniagaanyang berkaitan dengan Islam. Kini, salah satu pilihan pelabur korporat yang paling banyak adalah pelaburanyang mematuhi syariah. Kajian ini merupakan kajian empirikal yang bertujuan menentukan atributpemimpin Islam dan menyelidik implikasi atribut pemimpin Islam terhadap prestasi organisasi pelaburanpatuh shariah. Kajian ini juga membincangkan sumber utama seperti temu duga mendalam sebagai inputunutk mendapatkan maklumat. Melalui pengumpulan data, kajian ini secara positif menunjukkan betapapentingnya atribut pemimpin Islam terhadap prestasi dalam organisasi pelaburan yang berlandaskanshariah. Hal ini adalah penting bagi pemimpin menguruskan organisasi dan dana secara cekap mengikutshariah.
Islamic funds are crucial in all aspects of shariah compliant trade industry including all Islamic-relatedbusinesses. Currently, one of the most corporate investor options is investment that complies with shariah.This research is an empirical study aims to identify the attributes of Islamic leaders and to investigatethe implications of the Islamic leaders’ attributes towards shariah compliant investment organizationperformance. This article discusses on primary sources such as in-depth interview as an input of obtaininginformation. From the data collection, this study was positively demonstrated the importance of Islamicleadership attributes towards organizational performance in shariah compliant investment organizations.It is important to the leader to manage the organization and fund competently according to shariah.
MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN MURID HIPERAKTIF BAGI NOMBOR SATU HINGGA SEMBILAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH MAINAN ULAT BELUNCAS
Authors: BIN HATTA ANAND FATHULLAH HADI , BINTI ISMAIL NORIZAN
Published: September 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kemahiran nombor asas satu hingga sembilandan meningkatkan daya tumpuan melalui penggunaan kaedah mainan Ulat Beluncas dalam kalanganmurid Pendidikan Khas terutamanya ADHD dan ADD ataupun Hiperaktif. Kajian ini melibatkan seorangsahaja murid Pendidikan Khas masalah pembelajaran yang berada di kelas Program Pendidikan KhasIntegrasi Masalah Pembelajaran di salah sebuah sekolah di daerah Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Objektif kajianini ialah meningkatkan penguasaan nombor asas satu hingga sembilan dengan menggunakan kaedahpermainan Ulat Beluncas dan meningkatkan tumpuan murid dalam aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaranmelalui kaedah permainan Ulat Beluncas. Pengkaji telah menggunakan analisis dokumen, pemerhatiandan temu bual sebagai instrumen kajian dalam pengumpulan data. Kesemua dapatan kajian dianalisisdan diperihalkan secara deskriptif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan berlakunya peningkatan positif terhadappencapaian murid dalam penguasaan kemahiran nombor asas dengan menggunakan bahan bantumengajar Ulat Beluncas. Pada masa yang sama, dapatan kajian turut menunjukkan perubahan yangpositif terhadap daya tumpuan murid dalam aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaran melalui penggunaanUlat Beluncas. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi semua pihak dalam membantumurid pendidikan khas yang mengalami masalah dalam penguasaan nombor asas satu hingga sembilan.
This study aims to increase the numerical ability of one to nine basic skills and increase focus throughthe use of Caterpillar Toy method among Special Education students especially ADHD and ADD orHyiperactive. This study involves one student of the Special Education problem of learning that isin the classroom of the Special Education Integration Learning Problem class at one of the schoolsin the district of Pasir Mas, Kelantan. The objective of this study is to increase the numeracy of oneto nine by using the Caterpillar game method and to increase the focus of the pupils in the teachingand learning activities through the caterpillar game method. Researchers used document analysis,observation and interview as a research instrument in data collection. All findings were analyzedand descriptively described. The findings show that there has been a positive increase in studentachievement in mastering basic numeracy using the teaching materials of Caterpillar. At the same time,the findings also showed a positive change in student’s motivation in teaching and learning activitiesthrough the use of the Caterpillar. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for all partiesin assisting special education students experiencing problems in mastering one to nine basic numbers.
LUKISAN SEBAGAI KAEDAH PENILAIAN PERKEMBANGAN PERSEPTUAL DAN ANALITIKAL KANAK-KANAK
Authors: KAMAL NADYA A.
Published: September 2021

Persediaan kanak-kanak pra-sekolah dalam lingkungan 2 hingga 6 tahun untuk menjalani pengalaman dunia sebenar amat kritikal. Sebelum memulakan persekolahan arus perdana, kanak-kanak ini sebenarnya memperlihatkan kesediaan serta perkembangan fizikal dan intelek mereka dalam pelbagai ekspresi yang boleh diukur, seperti lukisan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti karektor lukisan kanak-kanak mengikut 4 fasa penting dalam Teori Perkembangan Artistik Lowenfeld iaitu Scribbling, Pre-Schematic, Schematic dan Realistic. 50 kanak-kanak di Bachok, Kelantan telah mengambil bahagian dalam ujian melukis berstruktur, dan lukisan mereka seterusnya dibandingkan dengan pencapaian perkembangan perseptual dan analitikal, khususnya dari segi kebolehan kanak-kanak dalam pemerhatian, menganalisa, memahami dan menzahirkan. Hasil kajian ini dijangka dapat menghubungkan perkaitan antara aktiviti artistik dengan pencapaian-pencapaian penting dalam perkembangan kamak-kanak.
 
Children under the age of 2 to 6 years old have a critical time preparing themselves to comprehend the world around them. Before they start their formal education in the primary school, these children actually state their physical and intellectual development in many forms of assessable expression, including drawing. The objective of this study is to identify the drawing characteristics of 2 to 6 years old children to specific phases of Lowenfeld Artistic Development namely Scribbling, Pre-Schematic, Schematic and Realism. 50 children in Bachok, Kelantan were gathered to participate a structured drawing test, and the results were compared to analytical and perceptual ability especially in observation, analysing, understanding and expressing. The finding may be useful to bridge artistic activities with critical achievements of children’s development.
PERIBAHASA TAMIL BERIMEJ LADA HITAM SEBAGAI TRADISI LISAN: ANALISIS SEMANTIK INKUISITIF
Authors: MURTHY TANGAPRABU , SUBET MARY FATIMAH , DAUD MUHAMMAD ZAID
Published: September 2021

Tradisi lisan merupakan salah satu cabang bagi penciptaan peribahasa Tamil. Peribahasa ini dicipta dan dihasilkan daripada pengamatan lapisan masyarakat India terhadap keistimewaan alam semula jadi di sekeliling mereka secara implisit. Namun begitu, penerokaan makna peribahasa Tamil yang dijalankan oleh pengkaji lepas hanya terhad di peringkat semantik skrip dan semantik resonans sahaja. Oleh itu, objektif kajian adalah menganalisis peribahasa Tamil berunsur lada hitam menggunakan pendekatan Semantik Inkuisitif oleh Jalaluddin (2014) serta dibantu pendekatan Rangka Rujuk Silang oleh Kempson (1986). Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif sepenuhnya melalui temu bual secara mendalam ke atas empat orang informan yang pilih secara NORF/M (Non-Mobile, Old, Remote dan Female/Male). Keseluruhannya, pengkaji memperoleh sebanyak 25 data peribahasa Tamil berunsurkan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Namun begitu, sebagai batasan kajian ini pengkaji hanya akan memfokuskan data peribahasa Tamil berunsurkan lada hitam sahaja. Data peribahasa Tamil tersebut seperti, ?????? ??????????????, ???????????? ????????????? (Transkripsi Rumi: Kadagu pona idam aarayvaar, poosanikay pona idam theriyathu) dan ?????????????????????? ???????? (Transkripsi Rumi: Kadugu siruthalum kaaram kuraiyaathu). Melalui kajian ini pengkaji dapat merumuskan bahawa, peribahasa Tamil ini tidak diciptakan secara sewenang-wenangnya tetapi, mempunyai kaitan yang kukuh dengan budaya serta akal budi masyarakat India pada zaman dahulu.
 
Transmitting proverbs via oral communication is one of the most common ways of Tamil proverbs’ growth. These proverbs are communicated when the early generations’ strong observation of their surroundings. These mostly come with implied meanings. Nevertheless this study emphasizes mainly on scripted and resonance semantics only. Following that, the objective of this research is to analyze Tamil proverbs which has black pepper element in it. The research has been done using the Inquisitive Semantics method introduced by Jalaluddin (2014) as well as the Bridging Cross Reference approach by Kempson (1986). The data for this qualitative research have been attained from four main informants, selected based on NORF/NORM (Non-Mobile, Old, Remote and Female/ Male) methods. The researcher has successfully attained data for 25 Tamil proverbs which has green elements in them. However, this research had been limited to focus on data based on black pepper only. Those Tamil proverbs are ????? ? ??????????????,???????????? ????????????? (Kadagu pona idamaar ayvaar, poosanikay pona idam theriyathu) and ?????????????????????????????? (Kadugu siruthalum kaaram kuraiyaathu) Researcher was able to conclude that Tamil proverbs created based on the strong connection in between tradition and cognition of the Indian community on the early day of life.
TAXONOMY OF PHOTO CATEGORIES
Authors: ZAHAR IWAN , SETIAWAN KURNIA , TENGKU ANUAR TENGKU FAUZAN
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelecting photographs for teaching photo criticism can be a difficult task. This research aims to construct the taxonomy of photo categories for teaching purposes and teaching guidelines. This research used a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview with 125 participants made up of 39 male and 86 female, 94 Malays, 12 Chinese, 16 Indians and 3 Ibans. All participants exposed to five different photographs: advertising photographs, journalistic photographs, landscapes, and two fine arts photographs. We used three questions as research instruments for 125 participants to judge each photo: What do you see? What does it mean? How do you know? Also, we used Barrett's criticism models to teach, make a rubric, and evaluate the photographs and our research instruments. From our photo teaching experience, combined with this research, students usually started from low taxonomies. They followed through to high taxonomies, or in a sequence from advertising photographs, journalistic photographs, and landscapes (fine art) to modernist photographs and postmodernist photographs (fine art). They did not have difficulty interpreting elements, design principles, and photo techniques, but they did construct it challenging to analyze the context of postmodern photographs, especially gender issues.

AbstrakMemilih gambar untuk mengajar kritikan foto boleh menjadi tugas yang sukar. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk membina taksonomi kategori foto untuk tujuan pengajaran dan panduan pengajaran. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan soal selidik dan temu bual separa berstruktur dengan 125 peserta terdiri daripada 39 lelaki dan 86 perempuan, 94 orang Melayu, 12 orang Cina, 16 orang India dan 3 orang Iban. Semua peserta terdedah kepada lima gambar yang berbeza: foto iklan, foto jurnalistik, pemandangan, dan dua gambar seni rupa. Kami menggunakan tiga soalan sebagai instrumen kajian untuk 125 peserta menilai setiap foto: Apa yang anda lihat? Apakah maksudnya? Bagaimana anda tahu? Kami juga menggunakan model kritikan Barrett untuk mengajar, membuat rubrik, dan menilai gambar dan instrumen kajian kami. Dari pengalaman mengajar foto kami, digabungkan dengan penyelidikan ini, pelajar biasanya bermula dari taksonomi standard. Mereka mengikuti hingga taksonomi tinggi, atau dalam urutan dari foto iklan, foto jurnalistik, dan pemandangan (seni rupa) hingga foto modernis dan foto pascamoden (seni rupa). Mereka tidak mengalami kesukaran untuk menafsirkan elemen, prinsip reka bentuk, dan teknik foto, tetapi mereka membuatnya sukar untuk menganalisis konteks foto pascamoden, terutama masalah gender.
PENGUKURAN KETULENAN EMAS MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH UJIAN TANPA MUSNAH: SUATU ULASAN PERBANDINGAN
Authors: MOHD NOR FAZRUL , TAMURI ABD RAHMAN , ISMAIL ABD KHAMIM , ISMAIL MOHD ERFY , AMIRUDDIN MOHD HASRIL
Published: September 2021

AbstrakPenentuan ketulenan jongkong emas dengan kaedah ujian tanpa musnah adalah perkara yang paling mencabar dalam industri emas terutama jika jongkong emas dipalsukan dengan cara meletakkan tungsten di dalamnya. Instrumen yang sedia ada mempunyai keterbatasan untuk menentukan ketulenan jongkong emas dan sukar untuk mengesan tungsten di dalamnya kerana tungsten mempunyai ketumpatan yang hampir sama dengan emas. Kajian ini mengemukakan keterbatasan instrumen kaedah ujian tanpa musnah seperti densimeter, alat timbangan, sinar-x pendarfluor dan ultrasonik. Dalam kajian ini menemui kesukaran untuk mengenal pasti emas palsu menggunakan instrumen kaedah ujian tanpa musnah seperti ultrasonik dan x-ray fluorescence (XRF) kerana instrumen ini mempunyai batasan. Setakat ini tiada lagi kajian yang berkaitan pemalsuan jongkong emas kerana harganya yang mahal untuk dijadikan sebagai sampel kajian. Masalah jongkong emas palsu dapat diselesaikan jika ketepatan instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur ketumpatan dapat ditingkatkan lagi sehingga 0.01 g/ml. Ini kerana perbezaan antara ketumpatan emas dan tungsten adalah 0.05 g/ml. Pemalsuan emas dengan mencampurkan tungsten akan dapat dikesan jika ada instrumen yang mempunyai ketepatan sekurang-kurangnya 0.01 g/ml. Manakala instrumen lain seperti XRF digunakan untuk mengesahkan ketulenan emas di bahagian permukaan sahaja. Oleh itu, bagi pengujian yang lebih menyeluruh masalah jongkong emas palsu ini perlu diselesaikan dengan menggabungkan kedua-dua kaedah ini.

 

Abstract

Determination of the gold bar purity by non-destructive method remains one of the most challenging in gold industry especially when the tungsten is inside the gold bar. The existing instruments have limitations in their accuracy to determine the purity of gold when tungsten also inside the gold bar since both tungsten and gold have almost similar densities. This study presents the limitations of the non-destructive test method instruments such as densimeter, weighing balance, x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and ultrasonic in determining the purity of gold. In this study found the difficulty in identifying counterfeit gold using non-destructive test method instruments such as ultrasonic and XRF due to some limitations. So far, there are no studies related to the counterfeiting of gold bars due to its expensive price to be used as a study sample. The problem of counterfeit gold bars can be solved if the accuracy of the instrument used to measure the density can be further increased up to 0.01 g/ml. This is because the difference between the density of gold and tungsten is 0.05 g/ml. Gold counterfeiting by mixing tungsten will be detectable if there is an instrument that has an accuracy of at least 0.01 g/ml. While other instruments such as XRF will be used to verify the purity of gold on the surface only. Therefore, for more thorough testing the problem of fake gold ingots needs to be solved by combining these two methods.
Portrayal of civil and military leadership of Pakistan: Content analysis of Newspapers of UK and USA during PPP regimes
Authors: Ali Shahzad , Safwan Ahmer , Bhutta Muhammad Makkey
Published: September 2021

Civil and military leadership of Pakistan have always played tremendous role and formulating and executing different policies regarding every issue of state. The significance of mainstream print media cannot be neglected as it forms public option regarding civil and military institutions in all countries. There, the research has been designed to analyse portrayal of Pakistani civil and military leadership by four newspapers of UK and USA (Telegraph, Guardian, New York Times & Washington Post) during tenures of PPP (1995-1996 & 2008-2013). Quantitative content analysis has been adapted as research methodology to analyse features/articles, editorials and news stories in 9 major categories and 13 sub-categories with total 4053 published items in domain of civil & military leadership of Pakistan regarding different issues of the tenures of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). Findings have divulged that British and American newspapers covered news stories against of military leadership of Pakistan especially in category of terrorism while greater pro-civilian coverage has been found in comparison of pro- military coverage in tenures PPP. Mr. Asif Ali Zardari has been covered with more negative representation before in power as compared to his regime as President of Pakistan. On the basis of cumulative representation in all categories, overall impression of Pakistan has been reflected negative and unfavourable in British and American Print Media.
GESTÃO DE PROJETOS EM EMPRESA DO SETOR AERONÁUTICO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - BRASIL
Authors: Santana Julio Cesar Pinheiro de , Gonçales Filho Manoel
Published: September 2021

O nível de complexidade de um projeto requer atenção especial aos conceitos, ferramentas, etapas e abordagens que devem ser utilizadas para o atendimento das necessidades do cliente. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo identificar projetos realizados na indústria do setor aeronáutico explorando as ferramentas e conceitos que norteiam o projeto para o atendimento aos requisitos do cliente. Uma segunda motivação está em identificar na literatura modelos teóricos que possam suportar o gerenciamento de projetos de alta complexidade, e analisar comparativamente às práticas empregadas nos projetos do setor. Investigou-se uma empresa do setor por meio de uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, utilizou-se o método comparativo e abordagem qualitativa e o procedimento técnico empregado foi o estudo de caso. Os resultados desta pesquisa trouxeram esclarecimentos às práticas adotadas pela empresa, tais como: o processo de avaliação da real necessidade de um projeto, o entendimento da clareza das necessidades do cliente somado as ações tomadas em cenários de requisitos subjetivos e as interfaces que o gerenciamento de requisitos possui com o gerenciamento de escopo. Além de embasar as respostas dos entrevistados pelos conceitos encontrados na literatura, os resultados contribuíram para a empresa e o setor aeronáutico compreendendo as fases de desenvolvimento e definição das verificações e validações de requisitos necessários a condução do projeto ao atendimento das reais necessidades do cliente.
Seronegative necrotizing myopathy in the presence of coronavirus infection
Authors: Melo Fernandes Tatiana , D'Oliveira Bulhões da Costa Mariana , Ferreira Pereira Franciele Cristina , de Oliveira Bohrer Walter Carlos , Souza Melo Bartira , de Oliveira Nascimento Carlos , Barbosa Beloni Lirio Maressa
Published: September 2021

Carlos de Oliveira Nascimento , Maressa Barbosa Beloni Lirio
http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/184
Authors:   PhD researcher in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature,National University of Modern Languages – Islamabad,, Ali Amin
Published: September 2021

The tradition and history of writing travelogues in Urdu language is not more than one hundred years old. There are also a large number of travelogues of Hajj and Umrah towards the Holy Hijaz in Urdu literature. Among these travelogues Mustansar Hussain Tarar’s two travelogues “Towards the Holy Kaaba” and “Night in the Cave of Hira” are quite famous, in which we see different colors of love of Allah and his Prophet. The purpose of this article is to give a brief overview of Mustansar’s both travelogues.
http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/185
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar in Islamic Learning Department, University Of Karachi, Bhutto Mumtaz Ali
Published: September 2021

Islam is an universal religion which has determined duties and rights of every individual for the betterment, stability, peace and reformation of an individual as well as society. No matter if they are slaves or independent, children or parents, brother or sister, labourers or common men or even if they are non- Muslims, their rights are well protected. No body in the world can live peacefully without recognizing and following these rights. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) got the constitutional document written for the Madina state. The document contains provision of care not only for Muslims but the non-Muslims also and it presents a practical roadmap for this. In this societal, judicial, political, and trade rights are guaranteed, This was the first constitution given over by any ruler in the world. Success here in this life and in life hereafter lies in union of Huqooqullah (Rights of Allah) and Huqoou-ul-Ibad (Rights of people) and even today a peaceful life can be lived by acting upon them