bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ МЕДСЕСТЕР-ВИХОВАТЕЛІВ ДОШКІЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ УРСР (60 – 70-ТІ РОКИ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ)
Authors: Швед Г. В.
Published: April 2023

Статтю присвячено висвітленню історико-педагогічного аспекту особливостей підвищення кваліфікації медсестер-вихователів дошкільних закладів УРСР (60 – 70-ті роки ХХ століття).Висвітлено основні події, що вплинули на зміни в роботі дошкільних установ зазначеного хронологічного проміжку. Зазначено труднощі, які виникли на шляху працівників дошкільних установ нового типу та призвели до необхідності охопити перепідготовкою педагогічних працівників таких установ, а саме: категорію медсестер-вихователів, які працювали в групах ясельного (переддошкільного) віку.Установлено, що центром керівництва методичною роботою працівників ясельних і дошкільних установ Української РСР був Республіканський навчально-методичний кабінет дошкільного виховання. Основними формами професійного розвитку медсестер-вихователів були курсова та семінарська перепідготовка, методичні об’єднання, навчання в опорних дошкільних закладах та школах передового педагогічного досвіду, відвідування гуртків при педагогічних кабінетах опорних дошкільних закладів.Під час теоретичних та практичних занять зі зазначеною категорією працівників дошкільних закладів велику увагу було приділено питанням дошкільної педагогіки, дитячої психології, анатомо-фізіологічним та психологічним особливостям дітей раннього віку, питанням фізичного виховання, організації самостійної діяльності дітей, плануванню роботи в групах раннього віку та забезпеченню наступності в роботі переддошкільних і дошкільних груп.Перспективи наступних наукових розвідок полягають у вивченні питання практичного використання матеріалів дослідження в сучасній післядипломній освіті щодо організації підвищення кваліфікації педагогічних працівників груп раннього віку закладів дошкільної освіти.
IMPLEMENTASI KARTU INDONESIA PINTAR DALAM MENINGKATKANIKUALITAS PENDIDIKANIDI DESA PURWASARI KECAMATAN CICURUG KABUPATENISUKABUMI
Authors: Muhamad Subkhan
Published: April 2023

The main theory in this study is the theory of policy implementation according to Edward III in Agustino (2017: 136).  This research uses a qualitative approach, where qualitative research is a research method that is shown to describe existing phenomena. The data collection in this study is based on reality in the field through observation, interviews and documentation. This study contained 6 informants as a key instrument of data collection consisting of the Village Head, Village Secretary, Village Social Welfare Center (Pukesos), KIP distribution officer in school, and 2 beneficiary communities in Purwasari Village. From the results of research that has been done shows that the Implementation of smart Indonesia Card Policy (KIP) in improving the quality in Purwasari Village, Cicurug District, Sukabumi Regency has not been effective because there are still some obstacles in its implementation, such as the validity of the data owned is not synchronized between the existing data and the data in the center, because the data is still using old data,  in addition, there are still people who should get the KIP program but do not get it because of data collection that has not been in verval (validation and verification). Therefore, the Purwasari Village Government and related parties need to make efforts by coordinating, meaning that in data collection regarding the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP) program in Purwasari Village can be coordinated effectively between related implementing institutions, so as to reduce data that is not on target.
EFEKTIVITAS KARANG TARUNA DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI KELURAHAN BABAKAN KECAMATAN CIBEUREUM KOTA SUKABUMI
Authors: Khotimi Bahri
Published: April 2023

Based on observations in the field, researchers are interested in this research because of several problems such as lack of youth participation in the Youth Organization, Lack of implementation of special activities in the field of Human Resources Empowerment by Youth Organization, Lack of effectiveness of Youth Organization empowerment for youth, Still low levels of youth awareness of Youth Organization. The theory used is Bastian's theory in Nawawi (2013). The purpose of this is to find out (1) Output (2) Policy (3) Procedures in the Effectiveness of Youth Organization in Empowering Human Resources in Babakan Village, Cibeureum District, Sukabumi City. The research method used is qualitative method. Key informants of this research are the Head of Kelurahan, Head of Youth Organization, Youth Organization Members, and Babakan Village Community, The number of informants is 6 people. And for determining the data sample used Purposive Sampling and Snowball Sampling. The data collection techniques used by literature study and field studies through observation and interviews. Data is collected using descriptive analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, the final stage is conclusion.  Karang Taruna is a social association as an organization or development group for each community that grows and develops on the basis of awareness and social responsibility from, by and for the community, especially the younger generation in the village / kelurahan area, especially those engaged in social welfare efforts. However, Karang Taruna in Babakan Village has not been achieved due to the lack of participation from the community which has an impact on Karang Taruna in empowering human resources. And until now the Babakan Village Youth Organization is still in the development stage, so that this organization can be sustainable towards better Human Resource Empowerment.
IMPLEMENTASI TENTANG DISIPLIN PEGAWAI ASN DI UPT DINAS PEKERJAAN UMUM WILAYAH IV KABUPATEN SUKABUMI
Authors: Deni Fauzi
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the implementation of employee discipline at UPT Public Works Service Region IV Sukabumi Regency, through the George Edward III theoretical approach model. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The selection of informants used the Non-Probability Sampling technique with Purposive Sampling and Snowball Sampling methods. The subjects of this study were 6 (seven) people, namely the UPT Head (1 person), ASN employees (2 people), Non ASN employees (2 people) and 1 community member around the UPT Public Works Service Region IV Sukabumi Regency office. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews and documentation. Then the data analysis carried out included data reduction, data presentation, and data validation using data triangulation techniques. The results obtained in this study are that communication, resources, and attitudes or dispositions in the implementation of ASN employee discipline at UPT Public Works Service Region IV Sukabumi Regency have not been carried out properly, while the bureaucratic structure has been structured and its application is in accordance with SOP.
MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA DILINGKUNGAN KAMPUS STISIP WIDYAPURI MANDIRI MELALUI PROGRAM KEWIRAUSAHAAN
Authors: Eko Setio Budi
Published: April 2023

The government through the ministry, especially the ministry of education and culture, continues to increase the number of entrepreneurs through entrepreneurship competition programs. One of these entrepreneurship competition programs includes the Indonesian Student Entrepreneurship Activity Program (PKBMI) in 2021 and the Student Entrepreneurship Implementation Program (P2MW) in 2022 organized by the Ministry of Research and Technology Education and Culture through the Directorate General of Higher Education and the Directorate of Belmawa. It is hoped that the launch of these entrepreneurship programs can further spur and trigger entrepreneurial motivation, especially among students at public and private universities. Stisip Widyapuri Mandiri, one of the private universities in Sukabumi Regency, welcomed and enthusiastically participated by implementing the entrepreneurship program launched by the government through socialization and direct selection of participating students. It is hoped that the participation of the institution and the participation of students in the entrepreneurship program competition can further increase the motivation for entrepreneurship.
PENGARUH TUNJANGAN PENGHASILAN PEGAWAI (TPP) TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS KEPARIWISATAAN KEBUDAYAAN KEPEMUDAAN DAN OLAHRAGA KABUPATEN SUKABUMI
Authors: M. Rijal Amirulloh
Published: April 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of employee income allowance (TPP) on employee performance at the Sukabumi Regency Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports Office. The research method used is a survey method using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The sample taken was employees at the Sukabumi Regency Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports Office who received TPP. The results showed that there was a significant influence between TPP and employee performance. This indicates that TPP can be one of the factors that influence employee performance. Therefore, the Sukabumi District Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports Office should consider providing adequate TPP to improve employee performance and the achievement of organizational goals.
PENGAWASAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH PEMBENTUKAN PERWIRA LEMDIKLAT POLRI SUKABUMI
Authors: Fakhrudin Ade
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the supervision in improving student learning discipline at the Officer Formation School of Lemdiklat Polri Sukabumi. The research method used was descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. The respondents of this study were 60 students of Lemdiklat Porli officer formation school who were selected by purposive sampling. The results showed that supervision carried out by teachers and supervisory staff was very effective in improving student learning discipline at the Sukabumi Police Officer Training School. This can be seen from the increase in student behavior which is more obedient to school rules and regulations, and more focused in learning. The supervision also makes it easier for teachers to identify students who need special assistance and coaching. In addition, supervision also encourages students to actively participate in learning activities and increase their sense of responsibility for themselves and the school environment. In conclusion, effective supervision can be one of the effective strategies in improving student learning discipline at the Officer Formation School of Lemdiklat Polri Sukabumi. Therefore, supervision needs to be continuously improved and optimized in order to provide maximum benefits for students and the school environment.
NT - 112 - Diset - Proposta de nova forma de financiamento dos benefícios tarifários nos transportes terrestres e aquaviário interestadual de passageiros
Authors: Pires Guedes Erivelton , Almeida de Sousa Luzenildo
Published: April 2023

Esta nota técnica aponta que o atual modelo de funcionamento do sistema de gratuidades vem se deteriorando e onerando os demais passageiros. Ocorre, de fato, o “subsídio cruzado” onde, em função da baixa renda da maioria dos passageiros, “o pobre acaba pagando pelo pobre”. Além disso, os critérios de acesso aos benefícios para cada grupo são escritos de forma diferente, em várias leis e resoluções. Os critérios são – aparentemente – semelhantes, mas sua operacionalização é diversa para cada grupo. Além disso, parte dessa operação recai sobre o operador, numa função estranha ao seu negócio. Não há dúvidas de que os benefícios tarifários nos serviços de transportes são conquistas sociais importantes. No entanto, a forma de operacionalizar tais benefícios vem crescendo em tamanho quanto complexidade, tanto para os operadores quanto para os potenciais beneficiários. Isso onera o sistema como um todo, e esse custo adicional recai sobre parcela frágil da população. Além disso, a sistemática atual de custeio desses benefícios constitui limitador para a extensão e maior alcance em termos quantitativos e qualitativos do atendimento. Exemplo disso são as inúmeras ações judiciais instauradas a partir de reclamações dos usuários beneficiários. Este trabalho, portanto, apresentou propostas de novas formas de financiamento desses benefícios. O valor anual estimado encontra-se em torno de R$ 500 milhões por ano – um valor expressivo para tempos de aperto fiscal, mas é também um valor possível de ser acolhido num orçamento anual da União.
Cosmic Ray Spectrum and Intensity in Middle Atmosphere (CORSIMA) model. Use and Application for Solar Cosmic Rays
Authors: Velinov Peter , Asenovski Simeon , Mateev Lachezar
Published: April 2023

The new model CORSIMA (COsmic Ray Spectrum and Intensity in Middle Atmosphere) is presented. The spectra and intensities of solar cosmic rays (SCR) from GLE (Ground Level Enhancement) 05 on 23 February 1956 and GLE 69 on 20 January 2005 at different altitudes are calculated. For this purpose, the operational CORSIMA model is applied. In the final version of the CORSIMA program, an approximation in 6 characteristic energy intervals of the Bohr-Bethe-Bloch function is used, including the charge decrease interval. Analytical expressions for the contributions of the energy intervals are provided. For the first time we present a quantitative and qualitative appreciation of the impact of Solar Cosmic Rays (SCRs) from the Solar Particle Events (SPEs) on the ionosphere and middle atmosphere (30 - 80 km). These altitudes are above the Regener – Pfotzer maximum. Unlike Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), the differential spectra of SCR essentially vary in time.
The SCR fluxes also differ from each other during the different events. The spectrum and intensity behavior is explained considering the structure of the CORSIMA program. The calculation results are in agreement with the experimental data and show characteristic features of the propagation process for different altitudes and geomagnetic latitudes. The calculations are performed for geomagnetic latitudes 90o (cusp region). The development of this research is important for the processes and mechanisms of space weather.
Space Distribution of NO2 Pollution over Bulgaria
Authors: Dimitrova Maria , Trenchev Plamen
Published: April 2023

In this work, we aim to track the behaviour of nitrogen dioxide over Bulgaria for the period 30th April 2018 to the end of July 2022 based on data from the Sentinel 5P data. We conclude that the biggest pollutant still remains the industrial region near Stara Zagora. The second and third sources are respectively big cities and highways.
Compound Preselector for Multistatic Passive Radar Employed in Remote Sensing Applications
Authors: Zabunov Svetoslav , Mardirossian Garo
Published: April 2023

Passive radars and multistatic passive radars in particular are gaining increasing attention. It is due to their effectiveness in detecting, tracking and identifying targets.
Multistatic passive radars are used in remote sensing observations of the Earth’s ionosphere, meteors, space junk, etc. Another application is the detection and tracking of manmade objects and vehicles in the atmosphere or on the surface of the Earth.
The current paper discusses a hardware design approach applicable to the front-end of a multistatic passive radar receiver, namely a compound preselector. The preselector is a very important part of the radio receiver in cases where there are strong neighbouring signals in the radio band of operation. Such strong signals may overload the receiver or the low noise preamplifier and render the whole system dysfunctional. This article elaborates on a two-component preselector having very high rejection ratio to nearby emitters, still keeping the receiver simple and reliable.
The authors have registered several utility models on innovations in multistatic passive radars at Patent Office of Republic of Bulgaria.
Use of Low-Power Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Control of an Urbanized Area
Authors: Ivanov Ivan
Published: April 2023

The article presents an analysis of the current classification of unmanned aerial systems according to the European Aviation Safety Agency related to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for urban area monitoring. The possible tasks solved by unmanned aerial vehicles in an urbanized area were investigated. An analysis of the crisis events - floods, fires and landslides in the Pleven region of the Republic of Bulgaria for the period from 2010 to 2020 was made and a model for the use of unmanned aircraft was proposed.
Modeling and Study the Distribution of Operator Attention in Controlling the Lateral Movement of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Getsov Peter
Published: April 2023

The report examines the transients in the system "Operator-Unmanned Aerial vehicle” in case of external disturbing influences. A model of the system in the system “MATLAB Simulink” has been developed, taking into account the distribution of the visual attention of the Operator. The parameter area of the transmission functions of the Operator is defined depending on the switching of attention.
Opportunities to Optimize the Management of Aerospace Projects
Authors: Marinova Nadia
Published: April 2023

The creation and effective functioning of global satellite systems will allow to create an information base for solving problems related to the regeneration and rational use of natural resources, the creation of a single dynamic model of the Earth, including geological, climatic, biosphere, ecological and social factors. Great attention should also be paid to the problem of increasing the safety of human life in the conditions of the rapid development of intercontinental transport links.
A new semi-slug of the genus Microparmarion from Brunei, discovered, described and DNA-barcoded on citizen-science 'taxon expeditions' (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Ariophantidae)
Authors: Schilthuizen Menno , Berenyi Simon , Ezzwan Nurilya , Hamdani Nur Izzah , Wu Harrison , De Antoni Luca , Vincenzi Leonardo , de Gier Werner , van Peursen Anthonie , Njunjić Iva , Delledonne Massimo , Slik Ferry , Grafe Ulmar , Cicuzza Daniele
Published: April 2023

During citizen-science expeditions to the Ulu Temburong National Park, Brunei, several individuals were collected of a semi-slug species of the genus Microparmarion that, based on morphology and in-the-field DNA-barcoding, was found to be an undescribed species.

In this paper, we describe Microparmarion sallehi Wu, Ezzwan & Hamdani, n. sp., after field centre supervisor Md Salleh Abdullah Bat. We provide details on the external and internal reproductive morphology, the shell and the ecology of the type locality, as well as a diagnosis comparing it with related species. DNA barcodes were generated for five individuals and used for a phylogenetic reconstruction. Microparmarion sallehi sp. n. and M. exquadratus Schilthuizen et al., 2019 so far are the only Bornean species of the genus that live in lowland forest; other species are found in montane forests.
Eliminating the barriers to cataract surgical access amongst resource-poor communities - a proposed randomised controlled trial
Authors: Obasuyi Osamudiamen
Published: April 2023

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) of providing universal health coverage for all and ending poverty by 2030 aim to make healthcare accessible and available for all, irrespective of status, gender or race. Unfortunately, access to universal healthcare is still hampered by preventable inequalities, especially amongst the Low-Middle income countries (LMICs).

Cataracts are the leading cause of preventable blindness globally, affecting over 17 million people; 80% of these people reside in the LMICs and cost-effective cataract surgery is the only way to treat it. However, barriers exist that prevent access to cataract surgery amongst these people. Despite widespread reports of these barriers to cataract surgical access, the complex relationships between the barriers and cataract surgical access have yet to be fully explored by researchers or policy-makers.

A randomised control trial involving three groups is proposed and presented in this paper to test the relationship between well-known barriers to cataract surgical access in resource-poor communities and programmes designed to overcome them.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions for fractional $ p(x) $-Kirchhoff-type problems
Authors: Hao Zhiwei , Zheng Huiqin
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we deal with the existence and multiplicity of solutions for fractional $ p(x) $-Kirchhoff-type problems as follows:

   \begin{document}$ \left\{ \begin{array}{l}M\Big(\int_Q\frac{1}{p(x, y)}\frac{| v(x)-v(y)|^{p(x, y)}}{| x-y|^{d+sp(x, y)}}dxdy\Big)(-\Delta_{p(x)})^s v(x)\ \, \, \, \, \, \, \,\\ = \lambda| v(x)|^{r(x)-2}v(x), \;\;\;\;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\; \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \text{in}\;\;\Omega, \\ v = 0, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \;\;\;\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \text{in}\;\mathbb{R}^d\backslash\Omega, \end{array}\right. $\end{document}

where $ (-\triangle_{p(x)})^s $ is the fractional $ p(x) $-Laplacian. Different from the previous ones which have recently appeared, we weaken the condition of $ M $ and obtain the existence and multiplicity of solutions via the symmetric mountain pass theorem and the theory of the fractional Sobolev space with variable exponents.
Concentration of solutions for double-phase problems with a general nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Jun , Zhou Daoguo
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we study the following problems with a general nonlinearity:

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \label{f} \left\{\begin{aligned} & -\Delta_p u-\Delta_q u+V(\varepsilon x )(|u|^{p-2}u+|u|^{q-2}u) = f(u), &\mathrm{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, \\ & u\in W^{1, p}( \mathbb{R}^N)\cap W^{1, q}( \mathbb{R}^N), &\mathrm{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, \end{aligned} \right. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where $ \varepsilon > 0 $ is a small parameter, $ 2\leq p < q < N $, the potential $ V $ is a positive continuous function having a local minimum.
$ f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} $ is a $ C^1 $ subcritical nonlinearity. Under some proper assumptions of $ V $ and $ f, $ we obtain the concentration of positive solutions with the local minimum of $ V $ by applying the penalization method for above equation. We must note that the monotonicity of $ \frac{f (s)}{s^{p-1}} $ and the so-called Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition are not required.
Neighbor sum distinguishing total choice number of IC-planar graphs with restrictive conditions
Authors: Chao Fugang , Zhang Donghan
Published: April 2023

A neighbor sum distinguishing (NSD) total coloring $ \phi $ of $ G $ is a proper total coloring such that $ \sum_{z\in E_{G}(u)\cup\{u\}}\phi(z)\neq\sum_{z\in E_{G}(v)\cup\{v\}}\phi(z) $ for each edge $ uv\in E(G) $. Pilśniak and Woźniak asserted that each graph with a maximum degree $ \Delta $ admits an NSD total $ (\Delta+3) $-coloring in 2015. In this paper, we prove that the list version of this conjecture holds for any IC-planar graph with $ \Delta\geq10 $ but without five cycles by applying the discharging method, which improves the result of Zhang (NSD list total coloring of IC-planar graphs without five cycles).
On fixed-point approximations for a class of nonlinear mappings based on the JK iterative scheme with application
Authors: Ahmad Junaid , Ullah Kifayat , Hammad Hasanen A. , George Reny
Published: April 2023

The goal of this manuscript is to introduce the JK iterative scheme for the numerical reckoning of fixed points in generalized contraction mappings. Also, weak and strong convergence results are investigated under this scheme in the setting of Banach spaces. Moreover, two numerical examples are given to illustrate that the JK iterative scheme is more effective than some other iterative schemes in the literature. Ultimately, as an application, the JK iterative scheme is applied to solve a discrete composite functional differential equation of the Volterra-Stieljes type.
A tool for universal accessibility assessment in the interior of dwellings
Authors: Valderrama-Ulloa Claudia Alejandra , Ferrada Ximena , Rouault Fabien
Published: April 2023

The present study proposes a tool for assessing universal accessibility in the interior of apartments, presenting a novel quantitative model for assessing the accessibility of buildings for buyers or tenants. For this, a multicriteria analysis for aggregating the assessment indicators with different units and scales is employed using a unique grade of accessibility according to four main pillars: Autonomy, Mobility, Comfort, and Safety. The assessment method has been applied in 35 show apartments in the urban area of Santiago in Chile. This work shows the application and results of 4 departments. The evaluation results are presented visually with a circular bar plot and a final grade in letter format from F to A. In general, it is observed that the four apartments proposed have a low degree of accessibility (letters F to D). And, the Autonomy pillar is clearly the lowest pillar in the selected apartments.
Center for teaching and learning websites as online faculty development: A framework
Authors: Belt Eric S. , Menendez Becky , Cestone Christina M.
Published: April 2023

Center for teaching and learning (CTL) websites help communicate information, services, and opportunities to institutional stakeholders while also serving as an institutional brand to external audiences. Thus, CTL websites must strike a balance of being publicly accessible and user-friendly while also providing various support, resources, and pathways tailored to faculty needs and development. Still, faculty attendance at and participation in CTL-supported faculty development programs and initiatives are persistent and pervasive challenges in higher education. Faculty have many competing priorities and may lack the necessary incentives or time needed to engage with such development opportunities, especially in in-person settings. CTLs are increasingly turning to online faculty development to provide faculty with access to professional development offerings anytime, anywhere. However, few, if any, studies focus on the CTL website as a form of online faculty development in and of itself. The purpose of this single-instrument case study was to shed light on CTL websites as a medium for online faculty development. Data were collected using Google Analytics and through heuristic evaluation and moderated remote usability tests with purposive samples of faculty from varying disciplines and higher education institutions. The case explored provided insights into website design, user experiences, and the information architecture of one CTL website. Findings and lessons learned are discussed, and a framework for online faculty development via CTL websites is theorized. Newly formed or existing CTLs may find value in the results.
Cleavage Micromechanisms Study in a Ship Plate Steel through Four-Point Double-Notch Bend and Charpy Tests
Authors: Cuamatzi-Melendez Ruben , Martinez Melchor Salazar , Bravo Sergio Dionicio , Mendoza Adán Ruiz
Published: April 2023

In this work instrumented impact Charpy tests were performed to analyze the ductile-brittle transition of Grade A ship plate steels, which are composed of ferrite matrix with pearlite bands in the rolling direction (RD) and pearlite lands in the transverse direction (TD). Observations on fracture surfaces of Charpy specimens showed regions of cleavage from room to down temperatures, therefore blunt four-point double–notch bend specimens (4PBT), were also tested at 25°C, 0°C, –60°C and –196°C in RD and TD, to study cleavage nucleation and propagation mechanisms. In the RD the following four different cleavage microfeatures nucleated microcracks in the notch region of 4PBT in all test temperatures: lamellar-pearlite microstructure, pearlite-boundary, ferrite-grains boundary and grains ferrite-inclusions. However, in the TD at –60°C, close to the lower shelf, only lamellar-pearlite and pearlite-boundary microfeatures were found nucleating microcracks. Nevertheless, the higher density of microcracks was found in the RD. The biggest microcracks were developed in TD in pearlite lands of critical size, in all test temperature, which are the link for the development of microcracks of critical size, which can propagate and fracture steel plates. In RD most microcracks nucleated in a critical region of about 1mm from notch root for all test temperatures, however for the TD the critical region decreases with test temperature, from about 450 µm (+25°C), 370 µm (0°C) and 225µm (–60°C). The analysis also showed the effect of microstructure orientation on the number and size of microcracks, and microcracks arrest.
Psychosocial aspects of suicide in largest industry of farmers in Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra
Authors: Behere Prakash B. , Chowdhury Debolina , Behere Aniruddh P. , Yadav Richa
Published: April 2023

India consists of 16% of the world's population, but sustains only 2.4% of land resources. The agriculture sector is the only livelihood to two-third of its population, which gives employment to 57% of the workforce and is a raw material source to a large number of industries. Farmer suicides account for approximately 10% of all suicides in India. The national suicide rate is 10.6/lac, whereas in Maharashtra it is 14.2/lac, in Andhra Pradesh 12.1/lac, in Telangana 27.7/lac, and in Chhattisgarh 27.7/lac. The National Crime Records Bureau data from 1995 to 2006 show that 200,000 farmers had committed suicide, with an average rate of 16,000/year. Every 7th suicide in the country is a farmers' suicide. The first state where suicides were reported was Maharashtra with particularly in the Vidarbha region. In Maharashtra, farmers' suicide rate is 60% higher than the general suicide rate. Every 5th farmers' suicide committed in the country had occurred in Maharashtra, Vidarbha being a particularly sensitive region but also in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, and Karnataka. In a country of 70 million farmers, 10 in every 100,000 farmers commit suicide. Many inquiry commissions were formed and recommendations were implemented, especially in Punjab. The problem of suicide is not only reported in India but also reported in different parts of the world like England and Wales. We adopted the psychological autopsy approach to offer some insight into the reason why these individuals resorted to such a drastic step.
Depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep disturbances in doctors and general population during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Javadekar Archana , Javadekar Shravani , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel
Published: April 2023

Aim:

The aim of the study is to assess and compare depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep disturbances among doctors and general population during COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional, analytical, case–control, web-based study was conducted during September 2020 to examine the impact of pandemic on mental health. The participants completed basic sociodemographic questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).

Results:

Of the 321 participants, 320 provided basic data, 22 were on psychotropics. Out of the 298, 286 were matched for age and sex and were included. On DASS-21, 41.27% of doctors and 30.76% of general population reported depression; 40.56% doctors and 26.57% general population had anxiety; 38.46% of the doctors and 24.48% of general population reported stress. Statistical analysis revealed that doctors had significantly higher levels of anxiety and stress as compared to general population. On the AIS, more doctors (48.25%) suffered from insomnia compared to the general population (37.06%), but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Physicians have significantly higher anxiety and stress while dealing with COVID-19 compared to general population.
COVID-19-associated psychosis in Indian settings
Authors: Dutta B. K. , Mani R. N. , Sharma S. , Singh V. V. , Aggarwal T. , Chandra H. , Ratna Sweta , Sharma Sumit , Gupta A. K.
Published: April 2023

Background:

The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions of people across the world since early 2020. Besides the large number of case fatalities, this virus has produced significant health-related sequelae involving multiple systems of the body. As with previous coronavirus infections, this was also found to be associated with various neuropsychiatric symptoms. Psychosis has been uncommon, and the few reported cases across the world have forwarded association with either raised inflammatory markers or the consequences of social isolation.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective descriptive study of 12 patients, who were admitted with COVID-19 infection and psychosis, between March 2020 and December 2020. Cases of head injury, any neurological or metabolic illnesses, and substance use disorders were excluded.

Results:

Cases with psychosis formed only 0.19% of all cases of COVID-19 admissions. All of them were young male and employed. Most of them had abrupt onset of psychosis with confusion, delusions, hallucinations, agitation, and sleep disturbances. Investigations including inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein) and computerized tomography scans were largely normal. Medications used were mainly benzodiazepines and antipsychotics. Most of the cases resolved within the second week, and follow-up after a month did not elicit any residual symptoms in majority. Diagnosis was acute and transient psychotic disorder (about 75%), bipolar affective disorder (2 cases), and schizophrenia (one).

Conclusions:

The major findings included nonreactive inflammatory markers, quick resolution of symptoms, requirement of low doses of antipsychotic drugs, and no long-term sequelae.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of health-care workers in a tertiary care teaching and dedicated COVID-19 hospital
Authors: Gupta Nishtha , Luthra Avinav , Shailaja B. , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel
Published: April 2023

Aim:

We aimed to assess the consequences of dealing with patients during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period on the mental state of health-care workers.

Materials and Methods:

An anonymous online survey was conducted with 353 participants using a self-made questionnaire comparing the prevalence of low mood, apprehension, tension, and coping skills used and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. The data were analyzed to compare the mental health of male and female doctors. To identify predictors of mental health outcomes, a multivariate logistic regression was carried out.

Results:

Both men and women were almost equally affected in terms of developing features of low mood, with easy physical and mental exhaustion. While the feeling of being isolated and irritability was slightly higher in females, both sexes were equally affected by the media. It was observed that the prevalence of smoking (tobacco/marijuana, etc.) had increased in both with slightly higher percentage in males as compared to females while there was a considerable increase in caffeine and alcohol consumption in males. The sleeping pattern and appetite were equally affected in both sexes. The sexual drive was also altered in both male and female residents, but the change was considerably more in males. The significant predictors of anxiety were age, depression, mental exhaustion, burden of increased quantity of work, and feeling of having no choice but to work due to obligation.

Conclusion:

Both male and female doctors working during the COVID-19 pandemic developed anxiety and depression. While substance use and altered sexual drive were more in males, exhaustion and stress were more in females.
Burnout and resilience in doctors in clinical and preclinical departments in a tertiary care teaching and dedicated COVID-19 hospital
Authors: Pooja V. , Khan Aslam , Patil Jaideep , Chaudhari Bhushan , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel
Published: April 2023

Background:

The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered our life. Doctors more so than the general public because of their involvement in managing the COVID-infected individuals, some of them 24/7 end in burnout. Burnout in doctors can lead to reduced care of patients, increased medical errors, and poor health. Burnout among frontline health-care workers has become a major problem in this ongoing epidemic. On the other hand, doctors in preclinical department have a lack of interaction with patients, with not much nonclinical professional work to boot, find the profession less gratifying which perhaps increase their stress level.

Aim:

The aim was to study the prevalence of burnout and measure resilience in doctors in clinical and in preclinical departments.

Materials and Methods:

This observational, cross-sectional, comparative study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital and COVID care center. By purposive sampling 60 preclinical and 60 clinical doctors in a tertiary health care center were included in the study. After obtaining the Institutional Ethics Committee approval and informed consent, the doctors were administered a self made socio-demographic questionnaire, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. Doctors were given a self-made questionnaire, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale.

Results:

The prevalence of burnout was seen more in clinical doctors (55.47) and the resilience was observed more in preclinical doctors (88.9).

Discussion:

Resident doctors are a major force to combat COVID-19 as frontline health workers; hence, one can visualize burnout amongst them. On an individual basis, the work-related burnout was severely high in the clinical group owing to the workload which has been corresponding to a number of western studies. Nonclinical department doctors from pathology, community medicine, and microbiology did show burnout but showed a greater score in resilience. Psychological resilience has been identified as a component in preventing burnout.

Conclusion:

Therapy sessions can be used in clinical doctors facing burnout to build up their resilience.
Cognitive deficits in familial schizophrenia
Authors: Saha Aneek , Goel Ekram , Samudra Madhura , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel
Published: April 2023

Background:

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and has been observed in subjects with and without a family history of schizophrenia. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of research directly contrasting cognitive profiles in schizophrenia patients and normal people where family history is present and those where the family history is absent.

Aim:

This stydy aimed to compare cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia who had a family history with those that did not and healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty consecutive schizophrenia patients were assessed on admission and follow-up after 6 months of treatment using a specially prepared pro forma, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and the PGI Battery of brain dysfunction is the name give to the test. An equal number of age- and sex-matched normal control subjects were also assessed.

Results:

Visual memory scores in this study show improvement between baseline and follow-up in schizophrenia patients with/without a family history. Both verbal learning and memory increase between baseline and follow-up but do not reach control levels. Reasoning and problem-solving deficits follow a similar pattern and are causative in the inability to adapt to a changing world. Speed of processing shows improvement with treatment. Working memory deficits in patients improve with treatment.

Conclusions:

In this study, all six cognitive domain scores in schizophrenia improved after 6 months of treatment but did not reach the control population level. Individuals with the highest cognitive deficits in the scales were the ones who had a family history of schizophrenia.
Adjuvant treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in freshly diagnosed alcohol-dependence syndrome patients from an industry
Authors: Gupta Anindya Kumar , Kumar Amit , Chandrashekhar N.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Studies have suggested that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could be efficacious in the treatment of major depression and other psychiatric indications. Alcohol-dependence syndrome is difficult to treat, and the relapse rate is high, even following the standard treatment protocol. No study has been done so far in India for the use of rTMS as an adjuvant therapy in the relapse prevention of patients with alcohol-dependence syndrome. Hence, the current study is an open-label study to explore the same.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to study the feasibility of rTMS in alcohol-dependence syndrome patients, the side effects if any, and the number of relapses that they may suffer from vis-a-vis patients with standard treatment protocols.

Materials and Methods:

In a prospective, open-label study design, 100 freshly diagnosed cases of alcohol-dependence syndrome were included, and after suitable randomization, half of them were given adjuvant rTMS along with standard treatment and the rest received only standard treatment. The rates of relapse into drinking were compared for both groups. The data were compiled and analyzed with appropriate statistical methods.

Results:

Participants given adjuvant rTMS showed significantly less number of relapses into drinking compared to the control group on standard treatment for alcohol-dependence syndrome.

Conclusion:

In the present study, though the sample size is small, a significant change with this novel treatment has been found. Whether this change is maintained over a period of time is to be seen by other longitudinal studies.
Psychiatric morbidity in individuals with permanent orthopedic disability
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Goyal Ekram , Singh Vivek Pratap , Chaudhury Suprakash , Puria Alka
Published: April 2023

Background:

Individuals with permanent orthopedic disability present with a number of physical and mental health issues. Psychiatric illnesses have been seen more frequently among people with disabilities as compared to normal population.

Aim:

To study psychiatric morbidity among people with permanent orthopedic disability.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional, observational, hospital-based study was conducted at the department of psychiatry of a tertiary care hospital attached to a medical college during January 01, 2018, to December 31, 2018. The study included subjects over the age of 18 years comprising two groups: Group A (n = 50) including consecutive subjects with orthopedic disability and Group B (n = 50) including normal age- and sex-matched controls. Permission was obtained from the institutional ethics committee before the start of the study. Prior informed consent was obtained from all subjects. Sociodemographic variables were recorded, and psychiatric morbidity was screened on Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

Results:

62% (n = 31) of subjects in Group A had psychiatric morbidity as compared to Group B (22%, n = 11). Maximum psychiatric morbidity noted among subjects with disability was generalized anxiety disorder (22%, n = 11), followed by major depressive disorder (20%, n = 10) and alcohol dependence (18%, n = 9). Substance dependence was more in Group A (34%, n = 17) as compared to Group B (18%, n = 9). The most common substance dependence was for alcohol (18%, n = 9), followed by opioids (8%, n = 4) and tobacco (6%, n = 3).

Conclusion:

Psychiatric morbidity including substance dependence is more common among people with orthopedic disability as compared to normal control subjects.
A correlational study between perceived parenting style, psychological well-being, and emotional intelligence among adolescents
Authors: Yadav Priyanka , Shukla Priyanka , Padhi Debasish , Chaudhury Suprakash
Published: April 2023

Background:

In many reviews, it is found that parental responsiveness, parental emotion-related coaching, and parental positive demandingness are related to children's higher emotional intelligence (EI), while parental negative demandingness is related to children's lower EI. There is a lack of Indian work in this area.

Aim:

To study the role of EI and parenting style in predicting psychological well-being among adolescents in an Indian scenario.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out on 75 boys and 75 girls in the age range of 15–18 years and attending school. They were assessed with the sociodemographic data sheet, trait EI questionnaire, psychological well-being inventory, and parental authority questionnaire. After the administration on different scales, the scoring was done and data were analyzed with SPSS.

Results:

There were no gender differences in the scores of EI, psychological well-being, and self-reported parenting style scores. There was a significant positive co-relation between well being and authoritative, authoritarian and autonomy, positive relationship. and self acceptance. Authoritarian parenting style is highly correlated with EI in comparison to authoritative and permissive parenting styles.

Conclusion:

Authoritarian parenting style is most suitable for the development of EI and on the other hand, permissive parenting style has the least role in the development of EI. EI and parenting style are found to predict the psychological well-being in adolescents.
Sociodemographic, clinical profile, and psychiatric morbidities among patients with attempted suicide in a tertiary care center
Authors: Sahu Samiksha , Sahu R. N. , Agarwal Jaiprakash , Soni Ruchi
Published: April 2023

Background:

Suicide is a major public health concern and is considered one of the leading causes of death globally. Previous suicidal attempts can be considered as a predictor of underlying psychiatric illness. Identifying factors behind suicidal attempt can help mental health professionals for early diagnosis and treatment as well as designing effective suicide prevention strategies.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to assess sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and prevalence of psychiatric morbidities among patients with attempted suicide.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of tertiary care hospital; patients of attempted suicide attending emergency from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2020, constituted the sample for the study. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire which contained sociodemographic and clinical variables. All the subjects were administered mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI), MINI Kid was applied for subjects <18 years, and MINI Plus was applied for subjects above 18 years. Patients were diagnosed according to the ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders for research.

Results:

Suicide attempt was seen more commonly in males, and the most common age group is between 21 and 40 years residing in urban settings. The most common method was consumption of unknown substances (75.35%). Factors leading to suicide are multidimensional in nature. 30.4% of the patients had impulsive traits. 86.5% of people who attempted suicide had a history of psychiatric illness. Detailed assessment of patients for psychiatric illness and psychosocial factors is crucial for planning suicide prevention strategies and policymaking.

Conclusions:

Young population is at high risk for suicide. More than 80% of these have diagnosable psychiatric illness.