bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalytic asymmetric intramolecular propargylation of cyclopropanols to access the cuparane core
Authors: Zhao Yankun , Yan Hongya , Zhang Yulian , Zhou Tao , Tian Mengxing , Zhang Chongzhou , Yuan Shan , Qiu Hanyue , He Ling , Zhang Min
Published: June 2024

The catalytic asymmetric propargylation of cyclopropanols has been developed using a new PyBox ligand, yielding cyclopentanones with an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center and an adjacent quaternary gem-dimethyl carbon center.
2D hexagonal assembly of a dipolar rotor with a close interval of 0.8 nm using a triptycene-based supramolecular scaffold
Authors: Ogawa Takejiro , Ishiwari Fumitaka , Hajjaj Fatin , Shoji Yoshiaki , Kajitani Takashi , Yazawa Koji , Ohkubo Takahiro , Fukushima Takanori
Published: June 2024

A triptycene-based supramolecular scaffold allowed the 2D assembly of dipolar rotors at close intervals of 0.8 nm. Solid-state 19F-MAS NMR measurements revealed that the rotors in the assembly have motility with a low activation barrier.
Benzene layer-aligned electrochemical transformation of SWCNTs to redox-active macro-walled CNTs: enabling oxygen interference-free monitoring of ROS release from HeLa cancer cells
Authors: Srinivas Sakthivel , Sivakumar Nisha , Sekar Mouliganesh , Thirumurugan Kavitha , Senthil Kumar Annamalai
Published: June 2024

The search for novel carbon allotropes with unique electrochemical properties remains a key area of research in materials science.
Tailoring the molecular size of alkylamine modifiers for fabricating efficient and stable inverted CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liu Zhongyu , Wang Hongwei , Han Haijun , Jiang Hong , Liu Ning , Wang Jianwei , Zhang Jing , Cui Tian , Liu Xiaohui
Published: June 2024

Three alkylamine modifiers with different molecular sizes were incorporated to post-treat CsPbI3 films to systematically investigate the effect of alkyl chain length on device performance.
Comparison of Soil Microbiome Diversity in Establishing an Agronomically Valuable Association for Agricultural Applications
Authors: Unitsky Anatoli , Zayats Vera , Naletov Ivan , Zyl Nikifor
Published: June 2024

The article presents the data of metagenomic sequencing of several samples of fertile soils (the World Soil Bank of Unitsky Farm Enterprise and the arboretum of the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy). The analysis was performed using NovaSeq 6000. The authors carried out a comprehensive assessment of the microbial potential of soils and the presence of agronomically valuable microorganisms for further use in organic farming. We also studied the taxonomic composition of fertile soil samples and determined the predominant genera of microorganisms. Based on the obtained data, we selected and isolated an association of agronomically valuable bacteria, which was introduced into the complex organic fertilizer for plants – fertility elixir “uTerra”.
Reforestation and its role in sustainable development of one community of Luz de América, Ecuador, with eight subtropical plant species implemented
Authors: Bautista Hugo , Moreno Mario , Argotti Eduardo
Published: June 2024

The objective of our social project was to improve agroforestry production systems through the reforestation of multipurpose plant species and to counteract the effects of climate change. Over the course of 24 months (in 2016–2018), 14,125 trees were planted, reforesting 50 farms in the Luz de América rural parish, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas province, Ecuador. The project became an activity integrated into rural communities where 25 community leaders were trained on establishing techniques, planting density, and forest management of several species, such as black and white guayacans, cedar, Honduran mahogany, dyer’s mulberry, Brazilian fern tree, laurel, and Colombian timber bamboo. The leaders were regarded as multipliers of the knowledge acquired on the farms and actively collaborated with the University of the Armed Forces (ESPE). A group of teachers of social engagement, 58 agricultural and livestock engineering students from ESPE, and 151 community beneficiaries carried out data collection and cultural work. At the end of the project, the survival rate of plants was 82.01%, and the total investment was USD 18 thousand. Among the project’s indirect benefits, we can mention an increase in water sources in the area, the control of erosion in degraded areas and steep slopes on farms, mitigation of climate change, and improvement of the economic conditions of the residents.
Biogeographical features and recreational opportunities of natural resources of the Talas region, problems of their use
Authors: Toktoraliev Erkinbek , Saypidinova Kayirgul , Seitova Minavar
Published: June 2024

Were studied the Biogeographical Features of Natural Resources and their conditions for the development of Tourism in the Talas region. Have been studied the Features of Natural Components for Tourism development. Have been identified Priority objects and conditions for the development of Tourism in the territory under consideration. The main factors taken into account are Geomorphology, Orography, Climate, Biodiversity, Natural Resources. Based on a study of the needs of recreationists, were identified the main Tourist Sites to attract Potential Consumers to this territory. Based on the Material Base and Infrastructure of this Territory, identified the problems of tourism development, which taken as the basis for the sustainable development of tourism in the territory under consideration. The Sociological Research conducted made it possible to identify priority areas for the development of tourism in this region. Given are Recommendations for the Rational Development of Tourism in the Talas region, which will serve as the basis for the development of this area and will increase the economic well-being of local residents.
Distribution of leguminous plant species in Kyrgyzstan by the nature of their habitats, considering the vertical zonation of mountain areas
Authors: Kolanov Orunbek , Mamatkulov Orozbay
Published: June 2024

The leguminous plants species diversity (Fabaceae) presented on the territory of Kyrgyzstan was studied in order to clarify their distribution areas according to the types of plant habitats, where the taxons distribution altitudinal pattern was taken into account. Comparative analyzes of all literary information on species, herbarium specimens of plants from the herbarium fund of Osh State University, photographic materials collected during route expeditions about representatives of this family were carried out. Based on the obtained research material analysis and a theoretical background, we were the first to make the following conclusions: in the flora of Kyrgyzstan there are 227 species of Fabaceae, which represent 30 genera, with the exception of species of the genus Astragalus L.; 26 types of plant habitats with soil and relief features were taken into account, taking into account the altitudinal pattern of distribution of taxons in mountain phytocenoses where representatives of this family are found; Genera and certain species have been identified, the representatives of which are characterized by wide, small and intermediate sizes of habitats; groupings of types of plant habitats were discovered on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, which are characterized by the highest, lowest and intermediate indicators in terms of the number of species of leguminous plants; significant differences were noted in the generic and species composition of leguminous plants, types of plant habitats according to the altitudinal pattern of their location; The largest number of species of leguminous plants are found on the territory of the tree and shrub vegetation belt of Kyrgyzstan.
Effects of cooking time, NaOH concentration, and temperature on the quality parameters of cellulose obtained from safflower stem
Authors: Zhunusalieva Eliza Zhunusalievna , Matkasymova Damira Tumanovna , Kubanych uulu Jumabek , Moldaliev Joomart Tumakovich , Murodov Muzaffar Murodovich
Published: June 2024

In this section, effects of cooking time, NaOH concentration, and temperature on the quality parameters of cellulose obtained from safflower stem and the study of the process of extracting cellulose from the stem part of the safflower plant with sodium chloride has been mastered, and the effect of various parameters on the process has been studied. Makhsar is a heat-loving, drought-resistant plant adapted to continental climate with dry summer and cold winter. It is very heat demanding during the flowering and ripening phase. Grass can withstand 5-6 °C frost. In the conditions of Makhsar Uzbekistan, when planted in autumn, lawns winter well. Makhsar planted in autumn gives a higher yield than that planted in spring.
Den Therapieprozess erfolgreich beenden – Discharge
Authors: Heinrich Kim
Published: June 2024

Den Therapieprozess für alle Beteiligten zufriedenstellend zu beenden ist für viele Therapeutinnen und Therapeuten schwierig. Sie wollen Patient*innen nicht verärgern, jedoch auch nicht auf ewig halten. Kim Heinrich beschreibt das Phänomen des Discharge – also des Beendens der Therapie – und gibt Tipps, wie man rechtzeitig auf die Zeit nach der Therapie vorbereitet.
Die Füße fit machen – Präventive Fußakademie
Authors: Diegisser Antonia
Published: June 2024

Der menschliche Fuß gilt zwar als Meisterstück der Evolution, wird aber dennoch oft stiefmütterlich behandelt. Antonia Diegisser erklärt, warum die klassische Versorgung mit Einlagen meist nicht reicht und selbst der kurze Fuß nach Janda aus heutiger Sicht fragwürdig sein kann. Angesichts der vielen Menschen mit Fußschmerzen oder einer Fehlstatik plädiert sie für die Implementierung eines Präventionsprogramms. Die vierwöchige Fußakademie geht Hand in Hand mit dem Powerhouse Fuß.
The Effects of Experimental Sleep Extension in Middle-to-Older-Aged Healthy Sleepers
Authors: Reynolds Alexandria M. , Seymour Zachary R. , Iftikhar Imran H. , Burnette M. Michele , Vendemia Jennifer M. C. , Youngstedt Shawn D.
Published: June 2024

Objectives To determine the feasibility for middle-aged and older adults to extend their time in bed by 2 h per night for 3 consecutive weeks. Other aims were to examine the effects of sleep extension on mood, cognitive performance, and cardiovascular health.

Methods Ten healthy middle-aged to older adults (9 women; M = 65.20 ± 4.78 years) who reported regularly sleeping 6 to 8 h per night participated in a randomized controlled cross-over study: 3 weeks of both habitual sleep and extended sleep (1-week recovery between treatments). Participants were asked to spend 2 additional hours in bed per night during sleep extension. Cognitive (e.g., errors, response time), psychological (e.g., depression, anxiety, mood), and physiological measures (e.g., inflammation, glucose, triglycerides, blood pressure) were assessed.

Results Compared with habitual sleep, time in bed increased 81.63 ± 33.11 min and total sleep time increased 66.33 ± 28.64 min during sleep extension; these variables did not significantly change during baseline or the habitual sleep treatment. No significant treatment differences were found in the cognitive, psychological, or physiological measures.

Discussion Neither significant positive nor negative effects of sleep extension were found for any of the variables. In terms of feasibility, it was difficult for the participants to extend their time in bed and, subsequently, attain more sleep by the targeted amount. Sleep extension by a greater degree or longer period of times might be more likely to elicit positive or negative effects.
Effect of Fluid Therapy on Acid–Base Balance in Patients Undergoing Clipping for Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sundaram Senthil Kumaran , Panda Nidhi Bidyut , Kaloria Narender , Soni Shiv Lal , Mahajan Shalvi , Karthigeyan Madhivanan , Pattanaik Smita , Singh Sheetal , Dey Sumit , Pal Arnab , Tripathi Manjul
Published: June 2024

Objectives Neurosurgical patients often receive 0.9% normal saline (NS) during the perioperative period. Theoretically, a balanced salt solution (BSS) is better than 0.9% saline. We compared the effects of two different fluids on acid–base balance, renal function, and neurological outcome in patients who underwent clipping following subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm.

Materials and Methods Patients in group NS (n = 30) received 0.9% saline and group BSS (N = 30) received BSS (Plasmalyte-A) in the perioperative period for 48 hours. Comparison of arterial pH, bicarbonate, and base deficit measured preoperatively, intraoperatively (first and second hour), and postoperatively (at 24 and 48 hours) was the primary outcome of the study. The secondary outcome compared serum electrolytes, renal function tests, urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), serum cystatin C, and the neurological outcome using modified Rankin score (MRS) at discharge, 1, and 3 months.

Results In group NS, significantly low pH at 1-hour intraoperative period was seen compared with group BSS (7.37 ± 0.06 vs. 7.40 ± 0.05, p = 0.024). The bicarbonate level in group NS was significantly lower and the base deficit was higher at second intraoperative hour (bicarbonate: 17.49 vs. 21.99 mEq/L, p = 0.001; base deficit: 6.41 mmol/L vs. 1.89 mmol/L, p = 0.003) and at 24 hours post-surgery (bicarbonate: 20.38 vs. 21.96 mEq/L, p = 0.012; base deficit: 3.56 mmol/L vs. 2.12 mmol/L, p = 0.034)). Serum creatinine was higher in group NS at 24 hours (0.66 vs. 0.52 mg/dL, p = 0.013) and 48 hours (0.62 vs. 0.53 mg/dL, p = 0.047). Serum urea, electrolytes, cystatin, urine NGAL, and MRS were comparable.

Conclusion In neurosurgical patients undergoing clipping for ruptured intracranial aneurysm, using a BSS during the perioperative period is associated with a better acid–base and renal profile. However, the biomarkers of kidney injury and long-term outcomes were comparable.
Primary CNS Melanoma of Meckel's Cave: A Rare Case with Literature Review
Authors: Makkina Charan , Joseph Jeena , Raju Krishna Prabhu , Jayachandran Ranjani , Chacko Geeta
Published: June 2024

Meckel's cave is a dural recess in the posteromedial portion of the middle cranial fossa, serving as a conduit for the trigeminal nerve and hosting various pathologies. The radiological diagnosis of Meckel's cave pathologies is often challenging, especially when they are atypical and rarely encountered. Here, we discuss the case of a 41-year-old woman who presented with right hemifacial pain, numbness, and binocular diplopia. Imaging features suggested a T2 hypointense, T1 hyperintense, and nonenhancing mass in the right Meckel's cave. Intraoperatively, an extra-axial black mass was observed, suggestive of melanoma, which was radically excised. Further postoperative workup and biopsy revealed it was a primary central nervous system (CNS) malignant melanoma, an exceedingly rare condition. Due to the rarity of the disease, a consensus regarding treatment regimens is lacking. This case report underscores the significance of considering uncommon diagnoses when faced with unusual radiological findings and emphasizes the importance of aggressive surgical resection and the evolving landscape of adjuvant treatments for primary CNS melanomas.
The influence of water vapor on the internal flow characteristics within a hydrogen circulation pump
Authors: Ma Qijiang , Xia Qiu , Wang Qi , Xiao Cui , Iqbal Shahzad , Ali Asad , Gao Guorui , Fall Ibra
Published: June 2024

This study examines the effects of water vapor on the performance and stability of a Roots-type hydrogen circulation pump. The accuracy of the numerical model was initially confirmed using air as the experimental medium, and subsequent simulations were conducted with pure hydrogen or mixed media containing water vapor. Analysis of pressure and velocity distribution within the pump revealed that water vapor does not significantly impact these factors. However, the interaction between hydrogen and water vapor results in the formation of larger hydrogen clusters, reducing internal leakage flow and leading to a slight increase in inlet and outlet flow rates. The presence of water vapor in the suction chamber increases turbulence energy in the root region of the rotor, influencing flow patterns and creating multi-scale vortex structures. In the exhaust chamber, the turbulence energy is lower and there are fewer vortices, but high-energy vortices may occur at the connection to the exhaust pipe, affecting the outlet flow rate.
Computational study of laser-produced plasma, EUV generation, and the impact of magnetic fields
Authors: Kim J. , Bally-Grandvaux M. , Beg F. N.
Published: June 2024

Efficient generation of 13.5 nm light with increased conversion efficiency and output power is important for Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography applications. In this study, we present a computational investigation of plasma dynamics and EUV generation from laser-driven plasma, with specific focus on the influence of magnetic fields, ranging up to 50 T. Simulations show that the plasma expansion is restricted based on the direction and strength of the magnetic field, resulting in an anisotropic plasma confinement, which in turn allows for radiation escape with a reduced loss. Moreover, angle-dependent measurements show an increase in in-band EUV (2% bandwidth around 13.5 nm) yield, reaching a peak enhancement of up to 40% when a magnetic field is applied, particularly when it is oriented perpendicular to the laser axis. The ability to control plasma dynamics by magnetic field offers exciting prospects for optimizing EUV radiation sources.
A secure and efficient identity-based quantum signature scheme
Authors: Liu Bai , Zhu Pengda , Guo Kuikui
Published: June 2024

In recent years, identity-based quantum signature protocols have received much attention due to their unique advantages. Based on Bell states, we propose an efficient identity-based quantum signature scheme. In our scheme, the signer’s private key is generated from their identity information. The signer uses the private key and secret parameters to generate a signature for the verifier. The verifier, who possesses the identity information of the signer, can authenticate the signature. Our proposed scheme ensures signature non-forgeability and non-repudiation. In addition, the protocol does not require the preparation of long-term quantum memory or the performance of quantum swap tests, making it more efficient than previous schemes.
A highly reproducible and efficient method for retinal organoid differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Harkin Jade , Peña Kiersten H. , Gomes Cátia , Hernandez Melody , Lavekar Sailee S. , So Kaman , Lentsch Kelly , Feder Elyse M. , Morrow Sarah , Huang Kang-Chieh , Tutrow Kaylee D. , Morris Ann , Zhang Chi , Meyer Jason S.
Published: June 2024

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived retinal organoids are three-dimensional cellular aggregates that differentiate and self-organize to closely mimic the spatial and temporal patterning of the developing human retina. Retinal organoid models serve as reliable tools for studying human retinogenesis, yet limitations in the efficiency and reproducibility of current retinal organoid differentiation protocols have reduced the use of these models for more high-throughput applications such as disease modeling and drug screening. To address these shortcomings, the current study aimed to standardize prior differentiation protocols to yield a highly reproducible and efficient method for generating retinal organoids. Results demonstrated that through regulation of organoid size and shape using quick reaggregation methods, retinal organoids were highly reproducible compared to more traditional methods. Additionally, the timed activation of BMP signaling within developing cells generated pure populations of retinal organoids at 100% efficiency from multiple widely used cell lines, with the default forebrain fate resulting from the inhibition of BMP signaling. Furthermore, given the ability to direct retinal or forebrain fates at complete purity, mRNA-seq analyses were then utilized to identify some of the earliest transcriptional changes that occur during the specification of these two lineages from a common progenitor. These improved methods also yielded retinal organoids with expedited differentiation timelines when compared to traditional methods. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate the development of a highly reproducible and minimally variable method for generating retinal organoids suitable for analyzing the earliest stages of human retinal cell fate specification.
ASR-based system for promoting pronunciation
Authors: Sariani Sariani , Khairat Mutia El , Haslina Welsi , Baetty Baety
Published: June 2024

In developing English as a Lingua Franca, educators and researchers must employ new methods in language acquisition to make the learners internationally intelligible and comprehensible. This study aimed to determine the implication of infinite access to Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)-based language-learning program promoting pronunciation skills acquisition of vocational higher education students. In this study, the students learned English as Lingua Franca (ELF) through a collaborative approach. It applied a qualitative approach with 67 first-year university students from three intact classes as participants. One class of 24 students was assigned as the first group utilising the ASRBoldVoiceas the additional learning materials in their speaking class. In contrast, the other two classes of 43 students were set as the second and third groups carrying out conventional learning procedures. The development of participants’ utterances was analysed in terms of fluency, completeness, and accuracy at pre- and post-test. In order to support the obtained data, a semi-structured interview was performed right after the post-test. The result showed that the pronunciation skill of the experimental group was significantly improved in particular phones of pronunciation: /ch/, /th/, /sh/, and /j/. The analysis of the interview data confirmed that the students gained substantial improvement with regard to their pronunciation and communicative competence compared to the conventional learning process.
Challenges and potential of quasi-experimental studies in cognitive linguistics applied to language teaching and
learning
Authors: Martín-Gascón Beatriz
Published: June 2024

This review study focuses on the challenges faced when conducting effects-of-instruction research in Applied
Cognitive Linguistics. It offers an overview of relevant research that has sought to demonstrate the effectiveness of a
cognitive-based approach to second language (L2) pedagogy and provides illustrations from previous work in L2 Spanish by the
author and colleagues of some of the factors that can influence findings in quasi-experimental research. More specifically, the
study addresses some of the difficulties encountered in the design of materials and assessment tests, during the pedagogical
intervention and the data collection and data analysis phases. These include choice of assessment, test effects, sample size,
withdrawal, and time-on-task, among others. Along with these methodological issues, a discussion of possible solutions as well as
pedagogical and methodological implications are discussed.
Theoretical insights into thermal transport and structural stability mechanisms of triaxial compressed methane hydrate
Authors: Chen 陈 Dong-Sheng 东升 , Miao 缪 Ting-Ting 婷婷 , Chang 常 Cheng 程 , Guo 郭 Xu-Yang 旭洋 , Guan 关 Meng-Yan 梦言 , Ji 姬 Zhong-Li 忠礼
Published: June 2024

The heat transfer and stability of methane hydrate in reservoirs have a direct impact on the drilling and production efficiency of hydrate resources, especially in complex stress environments caused by formation subsidence. In this study, we investigated the thermal transport and structural stability of methane hydrate under triaxial compression using molecular dynamics simulations. The results suggest that the thermal conductivity of methane hydrate increases with increasing compression strain. Two phonon transport mechanisms were identified as factors enhancing thermal conductivity. At low compressive strains, a low-frequency phonon transport channel was established due to the overlap of phonon vibration peaks between methane and water molecules. At high compressive strains, the filling of larger phonon bandgaps facilitated the opening of more phonon transport channels. Additionally, we found that a strain of −0.04 is a watershed point, where methane hydrate transitions from stable to unstable. Furthermore, a strain of −0.06 marks the threshold at which the diffusion capacities of methane and water molecules are at their peaks. At a higher strain of −0.08, the increased volume compression reduces the available space, limiting the diffusion ability of water and methane molecules within the hydrate. The synergistic effect of the strong diffusion ability and high probability of collision between atoms increases the thermal conductivity of hydrates during the unstable period compared to the stable period. Our findings offer valuable theoretical insights into the thermal conductivity and stability of methane hydrates in reservoir stress environments.
Description of moment of inertia and the interplay between anti-pairing and pairing correlations in 244Pu and 248Cm*
Authors: Dadwal Anshul , He 贺 Xiao-Tao 晓涛
Published: June 2024

A variable moment of inertia (VMI) inspired interacting boson model (IBM), which includes many-body interactions and a perturbation possessing

(5) (or

(5)) symmetry, is used to investigate the rotational bands of the

mass region. A novel modification is introduced, extending the Arima coefficient to the third order. This study is dedicated to the quantitative analysis of evolving trends in intraband γ-transition energy as well as the kinematic and dynamic moments of inertia (MoIs) within the rotational bands of

Pu and

Cm. The computed outcomes exhibit an exceptional degree of agreement with experimental observations across various conditions. The significance of including a higher-order Arima coefficient is further examined by contrasting it with the previously proposed model. The calculated results demonstrate the significance of both the anti-pairing and pairing effects in the evolution of the dynamic MoI. Additionally, these insights reveal the importance of a newly introduced parameter in accurately depicting complex nuclear behaviors, such as back-bending, up-bending, and downturn in the MoI.
Metallurgical and mechanical properties of marine grade AA5356 using wire arc additive manufacturing
Authors: A Muthukumaran , Jeyakumar S , Jayakumar K
Published: June 2024

In the current work, a Gas metal arc welding (GMAW)-based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) procedure was used to build a wall construction of measuring Aluminium alloy (AA) AA5356 on an AA5083 base plate. The microstructure and mechanical properties of AA5356 were examined at two places along the wall structure’s horizontal deposition direction and in two deposition orientations (horizontal and vertical). Optical microscopy, SEM, EDAX, and fractographical examinations were used to analyse the microstructure. Tensile and microhardness tests were performed at two wall locations to evaluate mechanical parameters. A microstructure analysis reveals a mixture of columnar grain structure and coarser intermetallics in the remelting zone, with finer granular structure in the central region. The horizontal direction of AA5356 deposition exhibited a highest elongation and tensile strength of 4.4% and 249 MPa than the vertical direction. For the horizontal and vertical orientations, the average microhardness values were determined to be 80 HV and 72 HV, respectively. Fracture analysis of the tensile samples showed that the deposited metal had a ductile mode of failure with a predominance of dimples with tearing shape. This study provides valuable insights into constructing wall structures and analyzing their mechanical properties.
Radiation-induced DNA damage by proton, helium and carbon ions in human fibroblast cell: Geant4-DNA and MCDS-based study
Authors: Chattaraj Arghya , Selvam T Palani
Published: June 2024

Background. Radiation-induced DNA damages such as Single Strand Break (SSB), Double Strand Break (DSB) and Complex DSB (cDSB) are critical aspects of radiobiology with implications in radiotherapy and radiation protection applications. Materials and Methods. This study presents a thorough investigation into the effects of protons (0.1–100 MeV/u), helium ions (0.13–100 MeV/u) and carbon ions (0.5–480 MeV/u) on DNA of human fibroblast cells using Geant4-DNA track structure code coupled with DBSCAN algorithm and Monte Carlo Damage Simulations (MCDS) code. Geant4-DNA-based simulations consider 1 μm × 1 μm × 0.5 μm water box as the target to calculate energy deposition on event-by-event basis and the three-dimensional coordinates of the interaction location, and then DBSCAN algorithm is used to calculate yields of SSB, DSB and cDSB in human fibroblast cell. The study investigated the influence of Linear Energy Transfer (LET) of protons, helium ions and carbon ions on the yields of DNA damages. Influence of cellular oxygenation on DNA damage patterns is investigated using MCDS code. Results. The study shows that DSB and SSB yields are influenced by the LET of the particles, with distinct trends observed for different particles. The cellular oxygenation is a key factor, with anoxic cells exhibiting reduced SSB and DSB yields, underscoring the intricate relationship between cellular oxygen levels and DNA damage. The study introduced DSB/SSB ratio as an informative metric for evaluating the severity of radiation-induced DNA damage, particularly in higher LET regions. Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of considering particle type, LET, and cellular oxygenation in assessing the biological effects of ionizing radiation.
Algorithms for computing the permutation resemblance of functions over finite groups
Authors: Chen Li-An , Coulter Robert
Published: June 2024

Permutation resemblance measures the distance of a function defined on a group from being a permutation. In this article we show how to determine the permutation resemblance through linear integer programming techniques. We also present an algorithm for constructing feasible solutions to this integer program, and use it to prove an upper bound for permutation resemblance for some special functions. Additionally, we present a generalization of the linear integer program that takes a function on a finite group and determines a permutation with the lowest differential uniformity among those most resembling it.
Multi-scale Sparse Domination
Authors: Beltran David , Roos Joris , Seeger Andreas
Published: June 2024

We prove a bilinear form sparse domination theorem that applies to many multi-scale operators beyond Calderón–Zygmund theory, and also establish necessary conditions. Among the applications, we cover large classes of Fourier multipliers, maximal functions, square functions and variation norm operators.
Asymptotic profiles of zero points of solutions to the heat equation
Authors: Ishii Hiroshi
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we consider the asymptotic profiles of zero points for the spatial variable of the solutions to the heat equation. By giving suitable conditions for the initial data, we prove the existence of zero points by extending the high-order asymptotic expansion theory for the heat equation. This reveals a previously unknown asymptotic profile of zero points diverging at

O
(
t
)

O(t)

. In a one-dimensional spatial case, we show the zero point’s second and third-order asymptotic profiles in a general situation. We also analyze a zero level set in high-dimensional spaces and obtain results that extend the results for the one-dimensional spatial case.
On the similarity of powers of operators with flag structure
Authors: Yang Jianming , Ji Kui
Published: June 2024

Let

L

a
2

(

D

)

\mathrm {L}^2_a(\mathbb {D})

be the classical Bergman space and let

M
h

M_h

denote the operator of multiplication by a bounded holomorphic function

h
h

. Let

B
B

be a finite Blaschke product of order

n
n

. An open question proposed by R. G. Douglas is whether the operators

M
B

M_B

on

L

a
2

(

D

)

\mathrm {L}^2_a(\mathbb {D})

similar to

⊕
1
n

M
z

\oplus _1^n M_z

on

⊕
1
n

L

a
2

(

D

)

\oplus _1^n \mathrm {L}^2_a(\mathbb {D})

? The question was answered in the affirmative, not only for Bergman space but also for many other Hilbert spaces with reproducing kernel. Since the operator

M
z
∗

M_z^*

is in Cowen-Douglas class

B
1

(

D

)

B_1(\mathbb {D})

in many cases, Douglas question can be reformulated for operators in

B
1

(

D

)

B_1(\mathbb {D})

, and the answer is affirmative for many operators in

B
1

(

D

)

B_1(\mathbb {D})

. A natural question occurs for operators in Cowen-Douglas class

B
n

(

D

)

B_n(\mathbb {D})

(

n
>
1

n>1

). In this paper, we investigate a family of operators, which are in a norm dense subclass of Cowen-Douglas class

B
2

(

D

)

B_2(\mathbb {D})

, and give a negative answer.
Strategies for circular economy in the Nordics: a comparative analysis of directionality
Authors: Wardeberg Mari , Brynthe Lund Henrik , Hanson Jens , Kärki Riina , Rekosuo Linda , Tenhuen-Lunkka Anna , Palola Sarianna
Published: June 2024

In this paper we mobilize sustainability transitions literature to explore directionality for circular economy (CE) transitions, by drawing on and adapting a framework for analysing roadmaps to empirically investigate CE strategies. Specifically, this paper explores circular economy CE strategy documents in the Nordics, the commonalities and differences between them and to what extent they provide directionality for CE transitions. Through a systematic document analysis of 39 CE strategy documents, we find that the strategy documents are vague and lack clear political visions. As such, we argue that the documents fail to provide clear directionality for CE transitions and question their usefulness. Additionally, the paper demonstrates how CE strategy documents can contribute to promoting the development of industries that couple to national ambitions for the development of new, green industries.
Feasibility of embedding orthopaedic clinical trials into national registries: a pilot quality improvement study for the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry (UK-NAHR)
Authors: Sohatee Mark Andrew , McBryde Callum , Andrade Tony , Gaston Paul , Hutt Jonathan , Khanduja Vikas , Malviya Ajay
Published: June 2024

The integration of ‘Registry-based Randomised Control Trials’ (RRCT) into national registries has the potential to catalyse prospective research, enhancing the evidence base for practice. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of embedding a trial within the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry. This was a national observational, multi-centre study. Six pilot sites within the UK were provided with additional support for data collection. We compared the ability of these pilot sites to collect data with the ability of centres where no additional support was provided. We collected information on patient compliance, efficacy and adverse events of drugs routinely used after hip preserving surgery. The primary outcome measure was compliance with data collection in these centres at 30 and 90 days after surgery. Our intention was to assess the feasibility of, and factors influencing, the capturing data for interventional registry trials in the future. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients were enrolled in the Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry during the study period (114 within pilot centres and 114 in non-pilot centres). Pilot centres had a mean follow-up compliance of 79% (30 days) and 69.4% (90 days) in contrast to 55% (30 days) and 47% (90 days) in the non-pilot centres (P = 0.009/P = 0.0058). The study revealed that supplementary administrative support resulted in improved compliance. However, deficient administration systems negatively impacted follow-up, and surgeon motivation emerged as a crucial determinant in ensuring robust follow-up. The lessons learned from this feasibility trial could be useful for any national registry embedding prospective, registry-based trials.
(424) TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN OBESE PATIENTS: THE ROLE OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Authors: Donne Dr Elisa Delle , Scacchi Prof Massimo , Bonomi Prof Marco , Cangiano Dr Biagio , Amer Myriam
Published: June 2024

Objectives

An association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and gonadal disfunction is known. Specifically, while obesity is commonly associated with reduced testosterone secretion, some studies suggest OSA can independently affect testosterone.

Moreover, although most studies show that Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment does not affect testosterone levels, some revealed an improvement in testosterone after CPAP.

Our study wants to investigate whether OSA independently affects testosterone in a cohort of severely obese patients, alongside other factors.

Methods

In 32 severely obese men (BMI>35 kg/m2) testosterone levels were examined in relation to anthropometrics measures (BMI; waist circumference), type2 diabetes (T2DM)/eating disorders, inflammatory status (VES; PCR) and night-oximetry parameters (oxygen saturation [SaO2]; mean minimal SaO2 [minSaO2]; desaturation events index [ODI]; percentage of time SaO2 <90% and <85% [% time SaO2 <90% and <85%]).

Results

In 32 patients (BMI 35-76.5 kg/m2, mean 46.2±7.8; age 19-73y, mean 54.7±14.8) a regression analysis showed inverse correlation between testosterone and BMI (p=0.0036) and waist circumference (p=0.02). No association was found with age (p=0.65), eating disorder (p=0.2) or T2DM (p=0.79). Testosterone showed a trend for correlation with minSaO2 during oximetry (p=0.06), but not with ODI (p=0.45). Multiple regression analysis confirmed inverse relation only with BMI (p=0.0049) and/or waist circumference (p=0.02), rather than presence of OSA (p=0.8) and/or CPAP (p=0.6). In OSA group (n=27) ventilation therapy results associated with higher testosterone levels.

Conclusions

Although BMI remains a key factor in hypotestosteronism, we suggest that the severity of nighttime hypoxia (minSaO2) may be an independent additional factor, more relevant than age, diabetes, inflammation and eating disorder. Interestingly, CPAP seems to have a therapeutic effect on hypogonadism, more than the degree of ventilatory compensation achieved (minSaO2/ODI).

These findings suggest different mechanisms underlying hypotestosteronism in obesity and a therapeutic role of ventilation therapy on hypogonadism in patients with OSAS.

Conflicts of Interest

Nothing to declare.
(308) THE IMPACT OF NONABSORBABLE VERSUS ABSORBABLE SUTURES IN PENILE PLICATION FOR PEYRONIE'S DISEASE
Authors: Eigner Dr Etan , Shabataev Dr Valentin , Nsair Dr Amir , Bistritzki Dr Sergiu , Appel Dr Boaz , Grinshtein Dr Alexander , Gruenwald Dr Ilan , Zisman Dr Ariel
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Penile Plication surgery of the tunica albuginea is an operation that is widely used to treat Peyronie's disease. Traditionally, non-absorbable sutures have been used in surgery to prevent recurrence of the curvature. Few studies have examined the use of absorbable sutures in this surgery and their effect on long-term outcomes.

Methods

The clinical details, operation details, and follow-up of patients who underwent plication surgery at our institution between 2013 and 2023 were collected retrospectively. During follow-up, patients were asked about their satisfaction with the surgery.

Results

A total of 48 patients underwent plication surgery. In 29 cases, an absorbable suture (Vicryl) was used, while in 19 cases, a non-absorbable suture (Ethibond) was used. The groups had similar characteristics in terms of age and degree of penile curvature, but had different follow-up times (6 vs. 1.6 years, p<0.001).

Patients with non-absorbable sutures reported feeling a suture under their skin more frequently. Nonetheless, these patients reported higher satisfaction with the surgery (p=0.001).

Regardless of the type of suture used, young patients and those with congenital curvature were more satisfied with the surgery.

Both groups had a straightened penis at initial follow-up (71% vs. 82%, NS). Long-term follow-up showed a recurrence of the curvature in both groups (NS).

Conclusions

It was found that plication surgery with a non-absorbable suture led to greater satisfaction, despite similar results in straightening the penis, and despite the suture's subcutaneous sensation.

Conflicts of Interest

There is no conflict of interest.
(292) PORTUGUESE MEN’S SELF-PERCEPTIONS ABOUT SEXUAL PROBLEMS AND DIFFICULTIES THAT CAUSE DISTRESS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Patrão Ana Luísa , Costa Prof Pedro Alexandre , Quinta-Gomes Ana Luísa , Nobre Prof Pedro
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Sexual problems are an important health concern and due to issues related to social stereotypes of masculinity and virility, men feel particularly inhibited about exposing their sexual difficulties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to deepen our knowledge of Portuguese men's self-perceptions of the sexual problems and difficulties that cause them suffering.

Methods

This was a qualitative study carried out with the participation of 38 men living in Portugal. The data was collected through an online questionnaire which, in addition to closed characterization questions, included an open question about difficulties in experiencing satisfactory sexual activities in the last 6 months that caused emotional distress.

Results

From the thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006; 2022) an overarching theme “Causes of Dissatisfaction with Sex Life” was identified, and encompassed nine themes: (1) difficulties with partners, (2) absence or infrequency of sexual activity, (3) mental and/or emotional health problems, (4) physical health problems, (5) difficulties with desire and stimulation, (6) problems with ejaculation, (7) difficulties with pleasure, (8) erection problems, and (9) difficulty in satisfying sexual fantasies and desires.

Conclusions

The causes of difficulties in experiencing satisfying sexual activities were diverse and multifactorial among the men studied. Deepening our knowledge of these experiences through men's own reports allows us to investigate the suffering associated with these problems and informs prevention and treatment strategies. Helping people with sexual difficulties is central to health because sexual satisfaction is a key indicator of physical and psychological well-being.

Conflicts of Interest

We have no conflict of interest to declare.
(192) EVOLUTION FROM AN HIV PREP CLINIC TO A COMPREHENSIVE SEXUAL HEALTH SERVICE IN A TERTIARY UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Olszyna Dr Dariusz P , Le Tiane , Archuleta Prof Sophia
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Delivery of sexual health services in some Asian countries where sex, sexual health and sexually transmitted infections are taboos, faces many challenges. In 2016, the first HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) clinics started in Singapore but had poor uptake of their services. BePrEP was established in 2016 and initially focused exclusively on providing PrEP to men who have sex with men (MSM). In 2019, with slow uptake of PrEP in this population, we decided to broaden its scope to provide comprehensive sexual health services beyond the MSM population.

Methods

In socially conservative Singapore where public healthcare institutions cannot directly advertise their services, we employed innovative interventions to increase uptake of our services and expand beyond MSM. These included: recruitment of a program manager and navigator from key populations, training of a female doctor to cater to female clients, engaging local family physicians, provision of free HIV, syphilis and kidney function tests, implementation of accelerated referral flow from the emergency department, and engagement of community groups in educational social media campaigns with linkage to our clinic.

Results

Between 2016 and 2018 there was a slow uptake of services in our clinic with only 11-14 new clients a year. In 2019 to 2022, after the interventions and rebranding of the clinic, it increased to stable 92-114 new clients a year. Retention in clinic increased from 26% in 2019 to 56% in 2022. Percentage of non-MSM clients increased steadily from 12% in 2019 to 50% in 2022. Number of HIV and syphilis tests per patient per year doubled in this period.

Conclusions

We demonstrated how a sexual health/PrEP service can successfully grow, transform, and increase its scope through employing innovative solutions based on inclusion of key population staff, collaboration with other healthcare providers as well as community groups.

Conflicts of Interest

no conflict of interests.
(1027) FACTORS INFLUENCING WOMEN’S PERSISTENCE IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY AMIDST PAINFUL EXPERIENCES
Authors: Oesterling Carlotta F , Borg Charmaine , de Jong Prof Peter
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Engaging in sexual activity with a partner can constitute a source of pain, rendering sex a source of distress rather than a source of positive physical and mental outcomes. Previous research has found many women experiencing pain to continuously engage in penile-vaginal intercourse, often without communicating their pain to their partners (Carter et al., 2019; Herbenick et al., 2015). Against this backdrop, the present paper examines which social and psychological factors influence the onset and maintenance of (chronic) vulvar pain in women, and which underlying motivations drive women to not refrain from sexual behaviors which elicit such pain.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of women who are not pregnant, sexually active, and between 18 and 65 years of age. All women received a questionnaire measuring concepts relevant to the construct of MESA which will be presented via Qualtrics Survey Software. The questionnaire includes items measuring sexual behaviour with and without pain based on The Hite Report of Female Sexuality (Hite, 2003), the Experience in Close Relationships Questionnaire (Fraley et al., 2011), measures of sexual and relationship satisfaction, partner responsiveness, vulvar pain and sexual functioning (FSFI), sexual distress (FSDS), sexual self-esteem (SSEI - W) and sexual motives.

Results

More than half of women were found to frequently experience pain during sexual intercourse, as well as sexual distress. Sixty percent of women were found to at least sometimes engage in sexual activity despite pain and not communicate their pain to their partners. Sexual self-esteemand sexual agency (measured using a self-constructed and psychometrically evaluated questionnaire) were found to significantly predict sexual function, sexual distress, engagement in sexual intercourse despite pain and pain communication.

Conclusions

Insights in the reasons for engaging in painful sexual intercourse and not communicating this pain, as well as in maintaining factors of sexual pain during intercourse can be derived.

Conflicts of Interest

None.