bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Gakkumdu dalam Peraturan Bawaslu Nomor 31 Tahun 2018 Ditinjau dari Teori Penegakan Hukum
Authors: Alhuda Bukhari
Published: December 2022

Bawaslu sebagai pengawas jalannya pemilihan umum membentuk Sentra Gakkumdu (Penegakan Hukum Terpadu) untuk mengawal penegakan  tindak pidana dalam pelaksanaan pemilihan umum agar tercapai pemilihan umum yang tertib dan adil serta dalam terbentuknya Gakkumdu (Penegakan Hukum Terpadu) dalam menangani tindak pidana Pemilu. Keanggotaan Gakkumdu (Penegakan Hukum Terpadu) sendiri terbentuk dari tiga lembaga yakni Bawaslu, Kepolisian, Kejaksaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas Gakkumdu dalam Peraturan Bawaslu Nomor 31 Tahun 2018 Tentang Sentra Gakkumdu.Penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian normatif yang prosesnya menganalisis peraturan yang ada dengan permasalahan yang terjadi. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual yang berusaha mendeksripsikan dan menganalisa hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari perundangg-undangan. Hasil penelitian ialah hukum Lawrence M. Friedman keberhasilan dan efektivitas penegakan hukum bergantung pada tiga unsur, yaitu struktur hukum (legal structure) dalam hal ini yaitu Sentra Gakkumdu ( Bawaslu, Kejaksaan, Kepolisian) yang belum bisa menuntaskan masalah pelanggaran Pemilihan Umum yang jujur, adil dan transparan sesuai asas Pemilihan Umum dan wewenang yang dimiliki antara ke tiganya masih sering terjadi beda pemahaman. Substansi hukum (legal subtance) Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pemilihan Umum dan Peraturan Bawaslu Nomor 31 Tahun 2018 Tentang Sentra Gakkumdu belum bisa memberikan aturan yang tegas mengenai  bagaimana  mengatur bahwa pelanggaran tindak pidana bisa dikategorikan pidana atau tidaknya karena masih banyaknya perkara yang lolos di ranah persidangan oleh Hakim sehingga perlu adanya revisi terkait peraturan tersebut baik itu dengan membuat peradilan khusus atau perombakan Sentra Gakkumdu sesuai tugasnya dengan jelas dan tersistem. Terakhir adalah budaya hukum (legal culture), berkaitan dengan tidak efektivnya adanya Gakkumdu (Penegakan Hukum Terpadu) karena masih banyak masyarakat yang melakukaan pelanggaran Pemilihan Umum mulai dari kampanye, politik uang atau alat peraga kampanye.

 Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Sentra Gakkumdu, Penegakan Hukum
PLATYNOTA STULTANA WALSINGHAM, 1884 (LEPIDOPTERA TORTRICIDAE) FOUND IN ITALY, INVASIVE PEST IN EUROPE
Authors: TREMATERRA PASQUALE , COLACCI MARCO
Published: December 2022

Notes on the presence of the Omnivorous Leafroller, Platynota stultana (Lepidoptera Tortricidae), in Italy and its presence and interception in other European countries are reported. Geographical distributions and principal morphological and biological characters are illustrated. Considering the wide host range of P. stultana, this pest has the potential to damage many cultivated and wild plants in the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) region. Its interception in England, the Netherlands, and Germany and its introduction into Spain and Italy clearly demonstrates that it has the potential to enter and establish itself in the Southern and Mediterranean parts of Europe. Key Words: Platynota stultana, Lepidoptera Tortricidae, Italy, Europe, pest risk.
Inteligência africana presente nas estruturas remanescentes da mineração setecentista de Ouro Preto (MG)
Authors: Viana Luiz Cláudio Alves , Brusadin Leandro B. , Brusadin Lia Sipaúba Proença
Published: December 2022

O ocultamento histórico dos povos indígenas e africanos na historiografia brasileira pode ser um dos motivos influenciadores para não reconhecer as contribuições que esses povos tiveram na construção do patrimônio nacional. Por esse motivo buscou-se mostrar a inteligência africana no desenvolvimento da atividade mineradora ocorrida no território mineiro nos setecentos. O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender como o patrimônio industrial pode ajudar na preservação das estruturas remanescentes da mineração aurífera presentes na cidade de Ouro Preto (MG). A metodologia baseou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e na realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com figuras representativas encontradas naquela comunidade. Constatou-se que a narrativa afrocentrada alinhada ao patrimônio minerário da Serra de Ouro Preto permitiu interpretar o espaço vivido na cidade e, ainda, como o turismo pode ser um instrumento de preservação do patrimônio industrial.
Áreas especiais de interesse cultural em Porto Alegre (1979-2022)
Authors: Possamai Rosilene Martins , Huyer Andre
Published: December 2022

Em Porto Alegre, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, foi elaborado um robusto e consistente estudo para preservar áreas e lugares com atributos e valores culturais, denominadas Áreas Especiais de Interesse Cultural. Decorrente de exigências da própria legislação municipal de planejamento urbano, bem como de leis superiores, essas áreas foram estabelecidas e protegidas. Porém, em seguida passaram a sofrer um processo de desmantelamento, até voltar à fase anterior, na qual não há proteção alguma. O artigo analisa a demanda legal para determinação das Áreas Especiais de Interesse Cultural, o processo de elaboração das mesmas, e as subsequentes manobras para desfazimento dos instrumentos de proteção, com a consequente perda e descaracterização desse patrimônio cultural.
Parques patrimoniais como indutores do desenvolvimento regional
Authors: Argollo Ferrão André Munhoz de , Braga Luci Merhy Martins
Published: December 2022

A ideia de associar parques patrimoniais a paisagem cultural como instrumentos de desenvolvimento regional com foco na gestão integrada dos recursos hídricos e no ordenamento territorial está cada vez mais interligada ao envolvimento das novas formas de participação da sociedade civil na gestão e resiliência do território. O zoneamento de áreas propícias para implantação de parques patrimoniais considera diferentes aspectos do território: aspectos socioeconômico, naturais e culturais, agrícola, industrial, turístico e paisagístico associados ao rio e ao seu entorno (hidrografia e bacia hidrográfica), como subsistemas espaciais componentes da bacia hidrográfica, que integra um conjunto de preocupações semelhantes. Este artigo apresenta um método para classificar as áreas propícias à implantação de parques patrimoniais no território do Vale do Ribeira (estado de São Paulo, Brasil), com foco principal no valor da paisagem.
Presença e imaginário indígena na arte pública nas cidades capixabas
Authors: Cirilo Aparecido José
Published: December 2022

Apresentam-se alguns aspectos da arte pública no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil, vista a partir dos modos de representação e presença do imaginário étnico-racial no ecossistema urbano. Trataremos a figura dos povos originários do Brasil, os povos indígenas, partindo de um inventário imagético realizado nas 78 cidades do estado. Considera-se que os monumentos urbanos estão diretamente relacionados à memória social e à identidade coletiva de uma sociedade, com essa premissa, verifica-se a pouca representatividade dos povos originários na escultura pública capixaba. Identifica-se como a figura indígena é representada, evidenciando duas tendências: um branqueamento da figura, com padrões corporais típicos da escultura clássica de base europeia; de outro lado, representações estereotipadas desses povos originários. Em contraponto, destacaremos a única obra em que a representação física da obra tenta se efetivar a partir de uma presença formal de forte recorte étnico-racial.
De la visión a la acción
Authors: Peiró López Juan Bautista , Rodríguez Arias Angel Manuel
Published: December 2022

Este artículo de investigación se configura a través de dos partes. En la primera, de carácter historiográfico y contextual, se genera un recorrido de la noción de naturaleza en el arte a través de la obra de diferentes autores. Este estudio se inicia con la concepción del paisaje como género pictórico, hasta las propuestas contemporáneas de acción e intervención en el medio natural. Posteriormente, en la segunda parte de esta investigación es empleada la metodología de caso de estudio para analizar la obra de tres artistas contemporáneas: Ana Donat, Anaïs Florin y Virginia Bersabé. Abarcamos su trabajo para entender como se configuran actualmente propuestas artísticas de intervención en el espacio de la periferia, vinculadas a una concepción del territorio desde una mirada crítica y transformadora.
CADRE EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM FOR HYPERTENSION PREVENTION IN VILLAGE JUBEL, BANTUR VILLAGE, BANTUR DISTRICT
Authors: Purwanza Sena , Wahyudi Yuyud
Published: December 2022

Introduction: hypertension is the highest degenerative disease in Malang Regency and the second rank in East Java Province. One effort that is sufficient is to apply the Health Belief Model to predict and explain variations in healthy living behavior. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the cadre empowerment intervention program in preventing hypertension. Methods: This research was conducted in January - February 2022 using a quasi-experimental research design using a two-group pretest-posttest design with a control group design with a sample of 12 cadres with a total sampling technique. Results: The results of this study indicate that the cadre empowerment program before the intervention (pre-test) was mostly adequate, after the intervention (post-test) most of the behavior was sufficient. Conclusion: the cadre empowerment program showed effective test results because there was an increase from before and after the intervention.

Keywords: cadre empowerment intervention; hypertension; prevention
INVESTIGATION OF THE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF NEUTROPHIL-TO-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND PLATELET-TO-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN BREAST CANCER
Authors: KARAYİĞİT Ahmet , ÖZDEMİR Dursun Burak , DİZEN Hayrettin , ULAŞ Murat , ÜNAL Bülent
Published: December 2022

AIM: In this study, we aimed to examine whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values of women operated for breast cancer were associated with their clinicopathological features.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: The data of 463 females who were operated for breast cancer in our center between Januray 2015 and December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Age, menopausal status, hematological values, histopathological features of tumors, presence of hormone receptors, surgical and biopsy techniques were evaluated in detail. NLR and PLR values were calculated using the results of routinely performed hemogram test before the operation, and their relationships with all parameters were analyzed.

RESULTS: The ages of the cases ranged from 23 to 88 years, with a mean of 53.57 ± 12.66. Postmenopausal women constituted 62.42% of the cases. A negative correlation was found between age and PLR, but neither PLR nor NLR were found to be associated with menopause status. It was found that high NLR value was associated with high N stage, high TNM stage, high number of metastatic lymph nodes and presence of extracapsular invasion (p
INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP AUTONOMY IN DIFFERENTIATED ESP INSTRUCTION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS
Authors: Synekop Oksana
Published: December 2022

This study was aimed to check the effectiveness of links between individual and group autonomy of information technology (IT) students who studied ESP at university with the use of differentiated tasks. The mixed type of research was used. The study was held in 2020-2021 academic year and involved 40 IT students of the Physics and Technology Department of National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”. For the purpose of the study we used a three-degree individual autonomy model involving the partial autonomy, semi-autonomy and conditionally full autonomy degrees, and a two-degree group autonomy including the minimum and relatively maximum degrees. Both models were based on the criteria of motivation; goal, content and procedure; control and reflection. The significantly and insignificantly effective links between individual and group autonomy of IT students in differentiated ESP instruction were identified. The relatively maximum degree of group autonomy combined with individual semi-autonomy of IT students, as well as the relatively maximum degree of group autonomy combined with conditionally full individual autonomy of IT students were found significantly effective. In contrast, the combinations of the minimum degree of group autonomy with partial individual autonomy of IT students, as well as the minimum degree of group autonomy with conditionally full individual autonomy of IT students were found insignificantly effective. It was concluded that the promotion of the individual and group autonomy in differentiated ESP instruction should be based on individual characteristics of students.
ANALYTICAL READING FOR STUDENTS-PHILOLOGISTS IN THE ENGLISH CLASS
Authors: Verhovtsova Olga , Ishchenko Olga , Kalay Dilşah , Tikan Yana
Published: December 2022

The study aims to investigate the higher education students’ and teachers’ perception of using literary text in the foreign language course; to evaluate learners’ progress in the foreign language communicative competence throughout the experiment period; to outline the policies and strategies of using analytical reading in the English class, which lead to increasing motivation to learn foreign languages with a focus on literature. The study involves 85 Bachelor’s degree students and 35 teachers from linguistics and translation departments of three universities: Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, National Aviation University, Kütahya Dumlupinar University during the spring term in the school year 2021/2022. The students from these universities were using analytical reading in foreign language learning during this term. The quantitative research method allowed us to assess the students’ progress in the development of their foreign language analytical reading skills, that included the understanding of the culture of foreign language, literary and aesthetic skills, vocabulary and foreign language skills, critical thinking and problem solving, inferential and interpretational skills. The qualitative research method was used to interpret the data of the experiment. Three questionnaires were employed as an instrument to assess teachers’ and learners’ perceptions of using literary texts in foreign language teaching/learning; to monitor the development of student’s skills in analytical reading. The students-philologists involved in the research increased their motivation to learn English as a foreign language through literary texts and showed progress in the development of analytical reading skills up to 16%. The results obtained can be implemented into the practice of foreign language teaching as literary texts enriched the language input in the classroom and stimulated language acquisition, and analytical reading involved students-philologists emotionally challenging their imagination and creativity.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN JOURNALISM STUDENTS
Authors: Mykytenko Natalia , Fedorchuk Marta , Ivasyuta Olena , Hrynya Nataly , Kotlovskyi Andriy
Published: December 2022

The paper is focused on the intercultural communicative competence as an integral part of vocational training of journalism students. The aim of the paper is: 1) to define the intercultural communicative competence dimensions; 2) to outline the ways of development of intercultural communicative competence of journalism students; 3) to find out the attitudes of journalism students to intercultural communicative competence development; 4) to assess the levels of journalism students’ intercultural communicative competence and develop recommendations for its development. A mixed research design was employed which involved 14 ESP teachers and 26 bachelor students of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv during the autumn trimester of 2021. The study shows that the students are fully aware of the necessity to develop intercultural communicative competence. Based on the survey of the ESP teachers, we outlined the dimensions of journalism students’ intercultural communicative competence development and suggested the ways of building intercultural communicative competence in journalism students. The levels of assessment of intercultural communicative competence of journalism students were outlined and defined. The final results indicate that journalism students whose study was more practice than theory oriented (group 1) showed better learning outcomes than those who were mostly focused on the acquisition of theoretical knowledge (group 2). Methodical guidelines for ESP teachers were developed.
El "Narkomfin" y los apartamentos "La Nao". Aportaciones de la sección 3-2
Authors: Peris Blat Ignacio , Sanchis Gisbert Salvador José , Ponce Gregorio Pedro
Published: December 2022

ResumenEntre los frutos de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo por el Departamento de Estandarización del Stroikom en la antigua URSS, encontramos el llamado tipo F que se convertirá en un referente para la arquitectura residencial de la modernidad. Su característica sección 3-2, materializada en el edificio "Narkomfin" (Moscú, 1928-1930), supone una importante aportación a las posibilidades espaciales de la vivienda colectiva y ha sido un modelo para un gran número de realizaciones posteriores. Entre todas ellas, nos resulta especialmente interesante, para su confrontación con la obra de Moscú, el caso de los apartamentos "La Nao" (Jávea, 1962-1966) de Santiago Artal, por tratarse de una obra muy poco conocida y estudiada. Este edificio es la continuación de la labor iniciada por el arquitecto valenciano en su primer trabajo de "Santa María Micaela". A partir del análisis y del redibujado de las viviendas, y pese a tratarse de dos actuaciones de escalas y contextos urbanos muy diferentes, trataremos de hacer un estudio comparado que nos permita poner en valor esta obra de Artal dentro del contexto arquitectónico de los primeros años 60. Abstract Among the results of the research carried out by the Standardization Department at Stroikom in the former USSR, we find the so-called F-type, which became a reference for modern residential architecture. Its distinctive 3-2 section, materialized in the "Narkomfin" building (Moscow, 1928-1930), represents an important contribution to the spatial possibilities of collective housing and has been a model for a large number of subsequent projects. Among all of them, the case of the "La Nao" apartments (Jávea, 1962-1966) by Santiago Artal is particularly interesting for its comparison with the Moscow building, as it is a little-known and little-studied work. This building is the continuation of the endeavor the Valencian architect began with his first work on "Santa María Micaela". Based on the analysis and the redrawing of the dwellings, and despite being two works with very different scales and urban contexts, we will try to carry out a comparative study that will allow us to highlight Artal's work within the architectural context of the early 1960s.
Radical Pedagogies", an inquiry onto architectural education
Authors: Vilaplana de Miguel Paula
Published: December 2022

ResumenEste grueso volumen de 400 páginas, editado por Beatriz Colomina, Ignacio G. Galán, Anna-María Meister y Evangelos Kotsioris y publicado por MIT Press este mismo año, recoge, a través de una multiplicidad de autores y casos de estudio repartidos por todo el planeta, un catálogo polifacético de experiencias pedagógicas y experimentos educativos que exploran territorios conocidos y desconocidos en la enseñanza de la arquitectura y la concepción de los currículos académicos entre 1933 y 1987.AbstractThe 400-page volume, edited by Beatriz Colomina, Ignacio G. Galán, Anna-María Meister and Evangelos Kotsioris and published by MIT Press this year, brings together, through a multiplicity of authors and case studies from all over the planet, a multifaceted catalogue of pedagogical experiences and educational experiments that explore known and unknown territories in the teaching of architecture and the conception of academic curricula between 1933 and 1987.
Dexrazoxane: Exposing the Vulnerability of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: McCormack Keith
Published: December 2022

In 2018, the author identified a previously unknown/unreported association between dexrazoxane and poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). Interestingly, PAR is a close structural analogue of the polyadenine nucleotide polymer, polyadenosine monophosphate (poly(A)). In this report, subsequent in silico modelling of the interaction between dexrazoxane and poly(A) reveals some notable differences from the previously reported interaction between dexrazoxane and PAR. Significantly, the supramolecular self-assembly of dexrazoxane and poly(A) is distinguished by vertically-orientated nonelectrostatic forces comparable to the stabilizing interactions between stacked bases within DNA. Notably, the vertical separation of 3.4 Å between each stack is consistent with solvent entropy as a dominant driving force in stabilising the interaction. Additionally, concomitant conformational analysis by the author reveals the existence of low energy planar conformers of dexrazoxane. This analysis enables an explanation for the considerable discrepancies and conflicts that exist within the reported pharmacokinetic data for dexrazoxane. Exploring the significance of the interaction between dexrazoxane and poly(A), the author illustrates that survival, translation and replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is absolutely dependent upon the mature and unhindered poly(A) tail of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The proposition herein, that dexrazoxane, as a chameleonic agent sequesters the poly(A) tail of the SARS-CoV-2 genome by the catalysis of a supramolecular hybrid assembly establishes SARS-CoV-2 infected cells as deep compartments for the accumulation of dexrazoxane. Taken together, dexrazoxane or its demethylated analogue, represent a novel treatment to kill the SARS-CoV-2 virus by irreversible destabilization of the SARS-CoV-2 poly(A) tail.
Approaches for sRNA Analysis of RNA-seq Data: Comparison, Benchmarking
Authors: Bezuglov Vitalik , Stupnikov Alexey , Skakov Ivan , Shtratnikova Victoria , Pilsner Jonathan Richard , Suvorov Alexander , Sergeyev Oleg
Published: December 2022

Analysis of the expression activity of small noncoding RNA (sRNA), including microRNA, piwi-interacting RNA, small rRNA-derived RNA, and tRNA-derived small RNA, is a novel and quickly developing field. The nature of sRNA calls for bioinformatical approaches, adapted for the specific structure of the data. Despite a number of approaches proposed, selecting and adapting a particular pipeline for transcriptomic analysis of sRNA remains a challenge. This article is dedicated to identifying the optimal pipeline configurations for each step of sRNA analysis, including reads trimming, filtering, mapping, transcript abundance quantification and differential expression analysis. For categorical factors and two groups of biosamples, we suggest approaches for the most crucial stages of sRNA analysis pipeline such as: (1) trimming with the lower length bound = 15 and the upper length bound = Readlength−40%Adapterlength; (2) mapping on a reference genome with bowtie aligner with one mismatch allowed (-v 1 parameter); (3) filtering by mean threshold > 5; and (4) analyzing differential expression with DESeq2 with adjusted p-value < 0.05 or limma with p-value < 0.05 if there is very little signal and few transcripts.
Bitcoin Price Prediction using Machine Learning and Technical Indicators
Authors: Hafid Abdelatif , Senhaji Hafid Abdelhakim , Makrakis Dimitrios
Published: December 2022

With the rise of Blockchain technology, the cryptocurrency market has been gaining significant interest. In particular, the number of cryptocurrency traders and the market capitalization have grown tremendously. However, predicting cryptocurrency price is very challenging and difficult due to the high price volatility. In this paper, we propose a classification machine learning approach in order to predict the direction of the market (i.e., if the market is going up or down). We identify key features such as Relative Strength Index (RSI) and Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) to feed the machine learning model. We illustrate our approach through the analysis of Bitcoin close price. We evaluate the proposed approach via different simulations. Particularly, we provide a backtesting strategy. The evaluation results show that the proposed machine learning approach provides buy and sell signals with more than 86% accuracy.
Determination of the Binding Epitope of an Anti-mouse CCR9 Monoclonal Antibody (C9Mab-24) using the 1 × alanine and 2 × alanine-substitution Method
Authors: Kobayashi Hiyori , Asano Teizo , Tanaka Tomohiro , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kaneko Mika K. , Kato Yukinari
Published: December 2022

C-C chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) is a receptor for C-C-chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25). CCR9 is crucial in the chemotaxis of immune cells and inflammatory responses. Moreover, CCR9 is highly expressed in tumors including several solid tumors and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Several preclinical studies have shown that anti-CCR9 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exert antitumor activity. Therefore, CCR9 is an attractive target for tumor therapy. In this study, we conducted the epitope mapping of an anti-mouse CCR9 (mCCR9) mAb, C9Mab-24 (rat IgG2a, kappa), using a 1 × alanine (1 × Ala) and 2 × alanine (2 × Ala)-substitution method via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We first performed the 1 × Ala-substitution method using one alanine-substituted peptides of the mCCR9 N-terminus (amino acids 1-19). C9Mab-24 did not recognize two peptides (F14A and F17A), indicating that Phe14 and Phe17 are critical for C9Mab-24-binding to mCCR9. Furthermore, we conducted the 2 × Ala-substitution method using two consecutive alanine-substituted peptides of the mCCR9 N-terminus, and showed that C9Mab-24 did not react with four peptides (M13A–F14A, F14A–D15A, D16A–F17A, and F17A–S18A), indicating that 13-MFDDFS-18 is involved in C9Mab-24-binding to mCCR9. Overall, combining, the 1 × Ala or 2 × Ala scanning methods could be useful for understanding for target-antibody interaction.
SARS-CoV-2 PCR Persistence and Duration of COVID-19 Symptoms in Health Professionals
Authors: Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer , Baethgen Ludmila Fiorenzano , Salvato Richard Steiner , Menegolla Ivone Andreatta , COVID-19 Team CEVS , da Veiga Ana Beatriz Gorini
Published: December 2022

Background and Objectives: Most individuals infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms of COVID-19, which usually resolve after few days. Regardless of symptoms, infected people can transmit the virus to others especially on the first days of infection. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is used to confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection; some individuals show persistent PCR-positivity after recovering from COVID-19. In this study, 12 individuals who showed persistence of COVID-19 symptoms and of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positivity were followed-up. Methods: nasopharyngeal samples were collected for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR; clinical and epidemiological data were analyzed. Results: that persistence of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity was associated with duration of symptoms (rs 0.81338), which varied between one and 49 days, with 75% of the individuals reporting symptoms for more than two weeks; 83.33% of cases remained positive after two weeks of onset of symptoms, despite decreases in viral load. Conclusion: neither RT-qPCR test nor a symptom-based approach alone are sufficient to evaluate discontinuation of patient isolation; other factors such as viral loads and symptom severity should also be considered. Additional studies are needed to understand how RT-PCR-positivity is related to symptoms and the risk of viral transmission, and to better support isolation guidelines.
Determinants of Open Defecation among Rural Women in Ghana: Analysis of 2003, 2008 and 2014 Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Appiah-Effah Eugene , Boakye Kingsley , Salihu Tarif , Duku Godwin Armstrong , Fenteng Justice Owusu-Darko , Boateng George , Appiah Francis
Published: December 2022

The study investigated determinants of open defecation among rural women in Ghana. The study extracted data from the female’s file of the 2003, 2008 and 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). A total of 4,284 pooled sample size of rural women aged 15-49 with complete information about the variables analyzed in the study. The outcome variable was “open defecation” (i.e., defecating in an open space rather than a toilet facility) whilst fourteen (14) key explanatory variables were used. Two regression models were built, and output reported in odds ratio. Descriptively, 42 in every 100 women aged 15-49 practised open defecation (n=1811, 95’CI=49-52). Open defecation significantly correlated with educational attainment, wealth status, religion, access to mass media, partner's education, and zone of residence. The likelihood to practice open defecation reduced among those with formal education [aOR=0.69, CI=0.56-0.85], those whose partners had formal education [aOR=0.64, CI=0.52-0.80], women in the rich wealth quintile [aOR=0.12, CI=0.07-0.20], the traditionalist [aOR=0.33, CI=0.19-0.57], and those who had access to mass media [aOR=0.70, CI=0.57-0.85]. Residents in the Savannah zone were over 21-fold higher to defecate openly [aOR=21.06, CI=15.97-27.77]. The prevalence of open defecation is disproportionately pro-poor indicating that impoverished rural women are more likely to perform it.
Special military operation as a tool of increasing the anti-corruption potential
Authors: Inshakov S. M. , Kazakova V. A.
Published: December 2022

Objective: to analyze the dynamics of Russia’s anti-corruption potential in connection with the socio-political conditions of the modern Russian society development.

Methods: a dialectical approach to the cognition of social phenomena, which allows analyzing the interrelation of such phenomena as politics, economics, power, corruption, as well as using comparative-historical, systemic, institutional, abstract-logical methods to predict ways to increase the anti-corruption potential of society and its anti-corruption stability.

Results: the development of the anti-corruption potential of the modern Russian state is predicted, based on the formation of civil society under the influence of socio-economic and socio-political processes taking place in Russia against the background of the special military operation. The regularities in the actions of the ruling elite representatives in various difficult periods of the state development are stated, including during the special military operation of the Russian Armed Forces in the territory of Ukraine.

Scientific novelty: the work presents a comparative study of the dependence between the spread of corruption in society, on the one hand, and the socio-political conditions and the characteristics of the ruling elite, on the other, including under the conditions of modern society in its extreme state during the special military operation; the impact of these conditions on the anti-corruption stability of society is also studied.

Practical significance: consists in the possibility to formulate forecasting assessments regarding the ability to increase the anti-corruption potential of the society (anti-corruption sustainability of the society) and ways to achieve the goal of fighting corruption.
WITHDRAWN: Lignin metabolism involved in zinc-alleviating effects on iron-induced phytotoxicity in wheat roots
Authors: Li Yaping , Zhang Ya , Zhang Aimei , Wang Zhaofeng , Li Qiong , Shi Shuqian , Yang Yingli
Published: December 2022

In order to reveal the mechanisms of Fe-inhibited plant root growth and Zn-alleviating effects on iron (Fe) toxicity, wheat cultivars Xihan 4 seedlings were used to investigate the relationship between root growth and synthetic metabolism of lignin in response to 300 µM Fe stress alone or in combination with 50 or 250 µM zinc (Zn). Fe-alone-exposed roots exhibited significant increase of cell wall lignin content and the stimulation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), laccase (LAC), cell wall bound guaiacol peroxidase activity (CW-bound GPX) and conifers alcohol peroxidase (CAPX) activities as well as the up-regulation of TaPAL, Ta4CL, TaCAD and TaLAC expression. In comparison with Fe stress alone, the presence of Zn effectively alleviated the changes of these parameters in Fe-treated roots. And also, the results of lignin staining in the root tissue were consistent with those of lignin detection in wheat seedlings under different treatments. Further study showed the increase of apoplastic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in conjunction with the stimulation of CW-bound nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase, plasma membrane (PM) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and apoplastic superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Fe-alone-stressed roots compared with untreated ones, but Fe + Zn treatment partially reversed the changes of these parameters in comparison with Fe exposure alone. Furthermore, the application of exogenous H2O2 not only enhanced the amount of cell wall lignin in Zn + Fe-treated roots but also significantly blocked Zn-alleviating effect on Fe-induced inhibition of root growth. In conclusion, the inhibition of root growth was associated with the increased accumulation of cell wall lignin in response to Fe exposure alone, which was due to the stimulation of lignin metabolizing enzymes and the up-regulation of related enzyme gene expression and the increase of apoplastic H2O2 generation in wheat roots under Fe exposure alone. It was also suggested that Zn-alleviating effect on Fe-induced inhibition of root growth might be related to the reduction of lignin content of root cell wall resulting from the decrease of apoplastic H2O2 content when wheat seedlings were exposed to Fe + Zn treatment.
Bio-Inspired Motivated Developmental Learning for Dynamic Collision-Avoidance of Mobile Robots
Authors: Wang Dongshu , Xiong Ziyi , Liu Lei , Weng Kangrong
Published: December 2022

In the environment cognition, except the xpected obstacles, the mobile robots might encounter unexpected obstacles. How to effectively deal with the unexpected obstacles is a challenge for the mobile robots. Unfortunately, researches about the unexpected obstacles in the environment cognition of the mobile robots are relatively scarce. Even though there are some works attempts to address it, these methods generally lack the ability of autonomous learning, which makes it difficult for the mobile robots to respond to the changed environments quickly and flexibly. Simulating the neuromodulatory mechanism of acetylcholine and norepinephrine in meditating the attention network, collision risk, which not only considers the influence of the obstacle distance on the movement of the mobile robots just like in the traditional methods, but also that of the obstacle speed, is designed to switch the attention network of the mobile robot between the dorsal attention network, which directs attention to anticipated stimuli (expected obstacles), and ventral attention network, which directs attention to novel stimuli (unexpected obstacles). Mimicking the neuromodulatory of acetylcholine and norepinephrine on dopamine and 5-HT, a novel learning rate is designed to accelerate the learning of the neurons in hidden layer of the motivatd developmental network, making the robots response to the changed environment quickly and flexibly. Moreover, weight updating rules are modified to improve the accuracy of the action selection of the mobile robots. Results in four simulation scenarios and the physical experiment demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology in dealing with the unexpected obstacles in the environment cognition of the mobile robots.
Neutrophil-targeted Mn3O4 nanozyme treats myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by scavenging reactive oxygen species
Authors: Wang Fuhang , Han Dongjian , Qiao Zhentao , Zhuang Yuansong , Zhang Yi , Jiang Qingjiao , Liu Miaomiao , An Quanxu , Shen Deliang
Published: December 2022

Background: The core pathophysiological process of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (including •O2-, H2O2, •OH) in the injured areas. Manganese tetroxide (Mn3O4) nanozymes are capable of scavenging multiple ROS, but whether they are applicable in MIRI is unclear. Rat IgG-modified liposomes can be specifically phagocytosed by activated neutrophils. Activated neutrophils can penetrate the vascular barrier and infiltrate into the inflamed myocardial tissue induced by MIRI. We synthesized IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 (rat IgG-modified liposomes encapsulated with Mn3O4 nanozyme). It is unclear whether they can be phagocytosed by activated neutrophils and then infiltrate into deep myocardial tissues to remove excess ROS.
Methods: Fluorescent probe technique was used to test ROS scavenging ability of IgG-Lip-Mn3O4. Apoptosis and cell death were detected with regular staining kits. Flow cytometry and in vivo imaging system were used to evaluate the targeting ability of IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 on myocardial tissue. Serum inflammatory factors were measured with ELISA kits. Echocardiography was used to detected cardiac function. Pathological staining was used to detected scar size, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiac remodeling. Immunofluorescence was used to detect vascular regeneration and macrophage polarization.
Results: Mn3O4 nanozyme can scavenge various ROS such as •O2-, •OH and exert therapeutic effects in MIRI. IgG-Lip-Mn3O4, specifically phagocytosed by activated neutrophils, can be carried to the deep injured areas by utilizing the chemotactic effect of activated neutrophils towards inflammation areas. IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 could remove excess ROS from the injured areas, reduce the release of inflammatory factors and increase the content of M2-phenotype macrophages. It also protected cardiomyocytes against apoptosis and decreased the infarction size. IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 not only decreased scar tissue accumulation and ventricular remodeling, but also promoted angiogenesis and restored cardiac function. In addition, IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 was biocompatible and did not cause organ toxicity.
Conclusions: IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 can specifically reach the injured areas and remove a variety of ROS. By reducing inflammatory responses and apoptosis, IgG-Lip-Mn3O4 provided precise and effective treatment for MIRI.
Increased cytotoxicity of Irinotecan or 5FU by expression of p16 INK4a in A549 lung carcinoma cell
Authors: Eizadkhah Ali , Afsari Nadia Samareh , Ostad Seyed Nasser , Nourian Yazdan Hasani , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2022

One of the main pathways for cell cycle control is the block of cyclin D1/CDK4 by p16INK4a. In many malignancies, including lung cancer, the p16INK4a gene has been, mutated, methylated or deleted, resulting in the tumor progression. We have previously show that the C-terminal truncated form of p16 can inhibits cell growth, restrain cell cycle at G0/G1and induce cell death similar to full length. In this study we have tested whether, the truncated p16 can have additive effect on irinotecan or 5FU induced cytotoxicity in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The truncated as well as full length p16 was transfected into A549 cell line and the expression level was evaluated. The cell viability and cell cycle of the cells treated with drugs was measured with MTT test and flow cytometry. Both full length and truncated p16 induced cytotoxicity in these cells. The expression of p16 decreased cell viability of A549 treated with irinotecan or 5FU were 40.99 ± 2.28 and 41.95 ± 3.28 in IC25, respectively. The viability of cells expressing p16 and treated with IC50 and IC25 of irinotecan or 5FU was significantly reduced. The expression of truncated p16 increased cytotoxicity of 5FU by 80% in IC25 treated cells. Considering the drug treated dose, the expression of truncated p16, in lower drug dose has induced more cytotoxicity. Similarly, the cell cycle arrest and subG1 was increased in cell expressing truncated p16 and treated with drug. Therefore, the expression of truncated p16 has augmented the cytotoxicity of 5FU in A549 cells and the expression of p16 or molecule similar to p16 have the potential to be used as combination therapy in treatment of lung cancer.
Analysis of relationship between P wave dispersion and diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension and risk stratification
Authors: Luo Jun , Sun Jingjie , Xu Li , Chen Jingyuan , Chen Yusi , Chen Wenjie , Qiu Haihua , Luo Xiaoqin , Chen Sisi , Li Jiang
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to measure the P-wave dispersion(PWD) in the ECG of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).
Methods: A total of 103 PAH patients were collected, including 55 patients related with CHD and 44 patients with IPAH. In addition, 30 CHD patients without PAH (nPAH-CHD group) and 30 healthy controls (HCG group) were collected as control. Patients in the PAH group were categorized into the low-risk group (30 cases), moderate-risk group (53 cases) and high-risk group (20 cases), followed by comparison of PWD difference between groups. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of PWD on PAH-CHD and IPAH.
Results: The levels of PWD and Pmax in PAH-CHD and IPAH group were significantly higher than those in nPAH-CHD and HCG group (P<0.05). PWD level was positively correlated with RVD, RAS, mPAP, PVR (r=0.407, 0.470, 0.477, 0.423, P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with TAPSE level (r =-0.551, P<0.001). After risk quantification in 103 PAH patients, we found that PWD was significantly different among the low-risk, moderate-risk and high-risk groups (43.89 ± 9.91 vs. 51.29 ± 6.61, 62.15 ± 10.44, P<0.001). CHD-PAH and IPAH were identified by PWD with a cut off value of 41.5ms (P< 0.001), and a cut off value of 41.45ms (P< 0.001), respectively.
Conclusion: PWD might be an effective ECG indicator for PAH, which might be used as a relatively economical and easily accessible indicator for PAH patients to assist in early diagnosis, disease severity assessment and prognosis evaluation.
The lncRNA Sros1 is involved in the development of cardiac fibrosis by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling cascade
Authors: Xu Tianyu , Xu Henan , Ma Zhuang , Huang Yuli , Xu Jia , Chai Yangyang , Zhang Hao , Wang Xiao , Xu Dingli , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2022

Aim: Myocardial fibrosis is one of the common pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure (HF) caused by various etiologies. Interferon (IFN)-γ plays a key role in the body's defense against pathogen infection and antitumor and adaptive immune responses. However, long-term treatment with IFN-γ is closely related to an increased risk of cardiomyocyte necrosis and myocardial fibrosis. A recent study found that the long noncoding RNA Sros1（Sros1） can enhance IFN-γ when inducibly degraded or genetically lost. This study aimed to explore whether Sros1 plays a role in the incidence and development of cardiac fibrosis and HF.
Methods: Sirius red staining, Masson staining and the expression of proteins related to myocardial fibrosis in Sros1 gene-deleted (Sros1-/-) mice and wild-type (WT) mice were compared. Changes in Sros1 in the heart and the expression of molecules related to myocardial fibrosis in both WT mice and Sros1-/- mice with chronic isoproterenol infusion (ISO) were observed. The expression levels of proteins related to myocardial fibrosis and the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway in cardiac fibroblasts overexpressing the Sros1 by lentivirus were detected.
Results: Both Sirius red and Masson staining, as well as the expression of TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway genes, showed increased cardiac fibrosis in Sros1-/- mice. The Sros1 gene significantly decreased in the hearts of the WT mice with ISO infusion 28 days after. Compared with that of the WT ISO model, the myocardial fibrosis of the Sros1-/- ISO model was significantly increased, as well as genes of the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway were elevated. Overexpression of the Sros1 by lentivirus in cardiac fibroblasts decreased the ISO-induced and TGF-β-induced expression of proteins related to myocardial fibrosis and the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.
Conclusion: Cardiac fibrosis was increased in Sros1-/- mice. The elevation of cardiac fibrosis in the Sros1-/- ISO group was more obvious and may be mediated through the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.
A novel ferroptosis-related lncRNA pair prognostic signature and nomogram for predicting the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Qianchao , Lin Ting , Wu Xiaotang , Liu Jianming
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Ferroptosis is a novel programmed cell death process and is considered a feasible cancer treatment strategy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key mediators of ferroptosis and iron metabolism in cancer. However, the prognosis of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FRLs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear.
Method
RNA-seq data and clinical information of patients with LUAD were retrieved from GSE81089. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and ferroptosis-related genes (DE-FRGs) were identified in LUAD and normaltissues, followed by the construction of a DEL and DE-FRG network to obtain FRLs. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were performed to select lncRNA pairs to construct a prognostic model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the performance of the model. Independent prognostic factors were screened to establish a nomogram model. Based on the optimal cut-off value, patients were classified into low-risk (LR) and high-risk (HR) groups. Differences in pathways, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and drug susceptibility between the two risk groups were evaluated.
Results
Eighteen FRL pairs were identified to construct a prognostic model, and patients were divided into LR and HR groups based on the median risk score of this model. Patients in the HR group had worse prognosis than those in the LR group. The area under the curve of the ROC curve verified that this model had good predictive ability. The pTNM stage and risk scores were independent prognostic factors that were used to develop the nomogram, which accurately predicted the survival of patients with LUAD. Functional analysis showed that starch and sucrose metabolism pathways were enriched in the LR group. Compared with the LR group, the HR group was associated with higher immune infiltration status, increased expression levels of immune checkpoints (BTLA, CD274, and HAVCR2), and higher drug sensitivity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our prognostic model containing 18 FRL pairs showed excellent predictive ability for LUAD prognosis. This may guide personalized immunotherapy strategies for patients with LUAD.