bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Ethnographic Quest in the Midst of COVID-19
Authors: Abad Espinoza Luis Gregorio
Published: October 2022

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has threatened ethnographic inquiry, undermining its quintessential characteristic. Participant observation, then, has been thoroughly dismembered by the radical measures implemented to prevent the spread of the virus. This phenomenon, in short, has dragged anthropologists to a liminal state within which ethnography is paradoxically caught in an onto-epistemological unstable vortex. The question of being here and not there, during the pandemic, is epitomised in the instability of different spatio-temporal contexts that overlap through technological mediations. Reflecting on previous fieldwork experiences and current virtual inquiries with the Shuar of the Ecuadorian Amazon unfolds how COVID-19 has thoroughly reshaped how the author approaches subjects' socio-ecological settings. Against this background, the article argues that corporeal immersion remains a necessary condition for the anthropological scrutiny of multispecies relationalities amidst the challenging times of the Anthropocene. The article nevertheless demonstrates that the intellectual efforts to grasp the different material temporalities of virtual spaces embrace the ethical principles concerning the renunciation of fieldwork with vulnerable communities. Furthermore, a reflective and speculative stance is proposed to actualise the snapshots of faraway physicalities linking them to past embodied and multi-sensory experiences. It is ultimately theorised how these mnemonic devices operate as creative forms of inquiry that overcome the pandemic consequences, extra-stimulating our cognitive capabilities to reflect on prior and possible socio-material interactions.
Obezite ile Mücadelede Şekerli İçecek Vergilerinin Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: SEZGİN Beliz Su , IŞIK Serkan
Published: October 2022

Beslenme ve fiziksel hareket alışkanlıklarında meydana gelen değişimler, birçok ülkede artan obezite vakalarının nedeni olarak gösterilmektedir. Günümüzde günlük beslenme alışkanlıkları içerisinde sıklıkla yer bulan şekerli içecekler, içerdikleri yüksek şeker miktarı dolayısıyla tüketicilerde fazla kalori alımına neden olmaktadır. Kilo alımı ve dolayısıyla obezite ile ilişkilendirilen şekerli içeceklerin tüketimini azaltmak adına hükümetler, mali ve mali olmayan araçları çeşitli şekillerde kullanmaktadır. Obezite önleme politikaları içerisinde hükümetlerin tercih ettiği mali araçlardan bir tanesi şekerli içecek vergileridir. Şekerli içeceklerin vergilendirilmesi yolunu seçen hükümetler, vergi geliri sağlarken aynı zamanda ülkelerdeki obezite sıklığını ve obezitenin neden olduğu ekonomik yükü azaltmayı hedeflemektedir. Günümüzde şekerli içecek vergileri dünya genelinde 45 ülkede aktif şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada şekerli içecek vergileri uygulayan 17 ülke örneği obezite sıklığında meydana gelen değişimler ile analiz edilmektedir. Analiz sonuçları, şekerli içecek vergilerinin şekerli içecek tüketimini azaltsa dahi obezite eğilimini azaltmada yetersiz kaldığını göstermektedir.
Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Views on the Use of Indigenous Chemistry Knowledge in Chemistry Metacognition
Authors: MUDAU Awelani V , TAWANDA Tavonga
Published: October 2022

This study focused on the views of pre-service science teachers on the use of indigenous chemistry knowledge in chemistry metacognition. A descriptive qualitative case study design using the interpretive paradigm was employed. The social constructivist theory guided the study as cognitive functions are dependent on social interactions with other individuals and the environment. Purposively sampled 29 pre-service science teachers were the respondents who had no previous tertiary chemistry education experience. Data was collected using focus group interviews, observation and document analysis. Constant comparison analysis was used for data analysis. The study shows that; (a) pre-service science teachers know and practice indigenous chemistry knowledge in agriculture, food preservation, food processing, health-care and environmental conservation. (b) Indigenous chemistry knowledge can be effectively used in chemistry metacognition when there is an awareness of chemistry concepts/ideas in indigenous chemistry knowledge. (c) There is a positive attitude towards the use of indigenous chemistry knowledge in chemistry metacognition. The recommendation is that chemistry curriculum developers at teachers’ colleges must harness the multicultural indigenous chemistry knowledge from pre-service science teachers for establishment of a course in indigenous chemistry knowledge at the tertiary institutions.
Hastanelerde Dış etkenlerle Ortaya Çıkan Yıkıcı Olaylarda ST-PRA+FMEA Hibrit Risk Analizi Uygulaması
Authors: TİMLİOĞLU İPER Hatice Semrin , SARIHAN Mucize , BOZ Efe Serkan , YARAR Onur , SOYAL Halil
Published: October 2022

Sağlık hizmetleri, frekansı düşük olmakla birlikte etkileri yönünden en ağır hataların görülebildiği endüstrilerden biri kabul edilmektedir. Diğerlerinden farklı olarak karmaşık matris bir yapıdadır ve işleyişine hem profesyoneller hem hastalar hem de dışsal pek çok etki bir arada hükmeder. Çoklu etki çoklu hata kaynağı anlamına da geldiği için günlük düzende hataya neden olabilecek etkenlerin ayrıştırılması ve özellikle kişilere ulaşan etki görülmeden engellenmesi amacı ile sistem analizleri, süreç değerlendirmeleri, hata veya neredeyse olay bildirimleri gibi yöntemlerden yararlanılmaktadır. Ancak nadiren görülse de katastrofik dış etkiler (deprem, yangın, sel, toplumsal olaylar vb) hastane işleyiş sisteminde beklenmedik zorlanmaların ve kesintilerin ortaya çıkabilmesine neden olma potansiyeli taşırlar. Boyle anlarda standartları ve işleyişi korumak için her zaman ki yöntemlerden farklı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulabilir.

Bu çalışmamızda da 2015 yılında çevresel bir yıkım ve inşaat çalışması nedeni ile 780 yataklı bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinin öngörülmemiş şekilde karşı karşıya kaldığı beklenmedik hasta güvenliği tehditlerine karşı durumu kontrol altına almak için risklerin kantitatif olarak ortaya konmasını sağlamak amacı ile ST-PRA yöntemi, bu yöntemin belirlediği risklerin müdahale önceliklerinin ve müdahale şeklinin kararlaştırılmasında ise hastanemiz tarafından geliştirilen FMEA ölçeği kullanıldı. Uygulanan Hibrit ST-PRA +FMEA yöntemi ile hedef olan “sıfır hata-sıfır yan etki” sonucuna ulaşılmasını sağlandı.
Shielding Effectiveness of Zeolite: Chopped Strands Composites for Radar and Wider Frequency Applications
Authors: ŞAHİN Ethem İlhan , EMEK Mehriban
Published: October 2022

In this study, zeolite-chopped strands composites were produced by using traditional mixed oxide technique. The single phase natural zeolite compound was generated after sintering at 1000 °C for 4 h. For the structural investigation, various quantities powders of zeolite–chopped strands composites were generated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was carried out for the structural analysis, which indicated that second phase did not form in zeolite. Additionally, the zeolite/strands composites were manufactured by hot pressing using the compositions of zeolite-chopped strands in various proportions and epoxy. The zeolite-chopped strands compound formed in various weights, and epoxy resin were used to fabricate microwave shielding effectiveness composites. Utilizing a two-port vector network analyser (VNA), the microwave shielding effect of zeolite/chopped strands composites were investigated in the range of 6.5-17.5 GHz. At a thickness of 1.5 mm, a minimum of -40.52 dB shielding efficacy value was achieved at 17.17 GHz. The zeolite-chopped strands compounds were produced as composite and their features were characterized for shielding effectiveness. The content of zeolite and chopped strands in the samples may be modulated for the larger and needed frequency bands to change the microwave shielding effect performance.
Evaluation Of The Effect Of Different Designs On Production In Photovoltaic Panels
Authors: TUNÇKAŞIK İrfan , KÖSE Ercan
Published: October 2022

Today, solar power plants based on photovoltaic panels have reached significant percentages for energy production. Therefore, in this study, panel interconnections, which significantly affect the efficiency of photovoltaic panels, are examined. A single type of connection is applied in the panels currently used. The connection applied in the panels is in the form of serial connection between cells. The fact that all the connections between the cells in the panel are serial also brings some negative situations. In this study, a solar panel is designed and manufactured, each cell independent of the others. The fact that each cell is independent from each other is an option to be used to make the connection between cells in different ways. Different serial and parallel cell connections are created with the cells on the panel. Measurements were made with the flash test from these connections. When the values obtained from the

measurements were compared, an increase of up to 10% was obtained.
Investigation of the Effects of Two and Three Dimensional Paradigms on Event-Related Potentials Using Wavelet Transform Based Method
Authors: KORKMAZ Onur Erdem
Published: October 2022

In event-related P300 potential-based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems, the main focus of the studies is how different stimulus types affect system performance. In a study, a data set was created using classical two-dimensional row-column flashing-based and proposed three-dimensional column flashing-based paradigms. According to the results obtained, the proposed three-dimensional column flashing shows high performance in terms of classification accuracy of stimulus presentation. However, how this paradigm changes the P300 potential has not been demonstrated. In this study, the effect of both paradigms on the event-related P300 potential is discussed using a wavelet transform-based method in terms of both time and frequency space. According to the results obtained, it was observed that the proposed paradigm activated more frequency bands on the P300 potential. In addition, using the proposed method, higher P300 amplitude was obtained in many channels. As a result, more effective P300 signals are received in stimulus presentation using the proposed paradigm, increasing the BCI system performance.
The Effect of Salinity Stress on Germination Parameters of Wheat
Authors: BAYAT Elif , KOŞUNKARTAY Hasan , KODAZ Selçuk
Published: October 2022

This study was carried out in Atatürk University Faculty of Agriculture Seed Laboratory to determine the effects of salinity on germination parameters of wheat. In this study, Kırik bread wheat variety was used as plant material. Experiment was carried out as complete randomized design (CRD) with 5 replications. The seeds were germinated in 4 different NaCl solutions (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) in plastic boxes. The differences among applications from the examined characteristics were insignificant in germination rate and, important in average germination rate, and highly significant in terms of the other parameters examined.

Salt ions have a toxic effect on plant cells. Generally, as salt concentrations were increased, all germination parameters were decreased. According to our results, Kırik bread wheat variety was determined as sensitive genotype to salt stress.
A Review of Solar Energy Use in Biogas Digester Heating
Authors: Wu Xuan , Liang Jingkang , Yao Haoyi , Wang Yunfeng
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Several factors affect biogas fermentation, among which the temperature fluctuation is crucial. Domestic and foreign biogas fermentation heating systems are also diverse. Among various exist methods of heating biogas fermentation, solar biogas fermentation heating systems are also diverse. The current study reviewed various solar-heating biogas fermentation systems at home and abroad, describing the principle of the solar-heating system, the collector, the heat storage material and the research and application progress. It briefly discussed its characteristics, summarising the critical technology of solar biogas heating systems.
Iron metabolIsm and ferroptosIs as a therapeutIc target
Authors: Chubenko V.A.
Published: October 2022

The cell death is the most important characteristic of any tissue, including malignant tumors. It controls the proliferation and metastasis. Besides cell death determines the development of the drug resistance. In this context, the understanding of the mechanisms and searching for the targets of the alternative cellular loss can be a promising therapeutic strategy for long-term control of the tumor growth. This paper describes the mechanisms of ferroptosis, an iron-mediated non-apoptotic cell death due to lipid peroxidation. In this regard, in addition to the emergence of new therapeutic options that can affect key aspects of this process, the search for predictive markers of such metabolic therapy is also important for the clinicians.
Alkalinization of the tumor microenvironment: are there prospects as a therapeutic objective?
Authors: Bogdanov A.A. , Bogdanov An.A. , Moiseyenko V.M.
Published: October 2022

Tumor acidity is one of the hallmarks of cancer. The use of glycolysis as the main source of ATP production due to the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells makes their intracellular pH alkaline and extracellular pH acidic. This metabolic reprogramming and acidification are part of the general defenses that allow malignant cells to survive, multiply, spread, and become resistant to therapies. Tumor acidity may also be associated with a poor prognosis for cancer patients, and clinicians should consider this when diagnosing and determining optimal treatment. On the other hand, the inversion of the pH gradient in tumors could be a weakness, which will allow the development of new promising therapies. Pharmacological inhibition of pH regulation pathways and alkalinization of the tumor appear to be prospective therapeutic options for cancer treatment. Alkalization therapy does not contradict standard treatment methods and can be used in combination to increase effectiveness. Here, we have tried to summarize the basic knowledge about tumor acidity and related potential cancer treatment options.
Epigenetics: perspectives of targeted therapy
Authors: Volkov N.M.
Published: October 2022

This lecture presents the theoretic ground for the role of epigenetics in tumor growth regulation and microenvironment function. Background for therapeutic intervention into main epigenetic regulation mechanisms is described. Also some preclinical and clinical research data in this area are presented. Further future perspectives of epigenetic therapies development are discussed.
Multimodal prehabilitation in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Nurmukhametov R.A. , Dikova T.S. , Lyadov V.К. , Kulbasova К.А. , Galkin V.N.
Published: October 2022

Background. Patients with advanced colorectal cancer commonly demonstrate high frequency of sarcopenia (skeletal muscle depletion) and nutritional deficiency while being in need of complex surgical interventions. This led to the development of «multimodal prehabilitation» concept including physical training, nutritional and psychological support. Aim. We aim to summarize recent literature regarding the impact of prehabilitation on the surgical treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods. PubMed, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant original studies published between January 2011 to December 2021. Results. Eight studies comprising 732 patients were included. The duration of prehabilitation ranged from 2 to 6 weeks,adherence – from 78% to 98%. All studies had functional tests as the primary end-point. Six studies used a 6-minute walk test to measure physical performance. Five studies showed an increase in functional walking capacity in the prehabilitation group, 1 study revealed a significant decrease in the level of anxiety and depression (according to the HADS scale) after prehabilitation. All studies did not demonstrate the impact of prehabilitation on postoperative complications and mortality as well as nutrition status of colorectal cancer patients. Conclusions. Heterogeneity of prehabilitation programs as well as the absence of randomized trials preclude wide adoption of multimodal prehabilitation. Standardized prehabilitation programs are needed to further understand the influence of prehabilitation on the clinical trajectory of patients with colorectal cancer. Also, the preliminary selection of high-risk patients is required to evaluate the clinical importance of prehabilitation.
YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE YAZMA MOTİVASYONU ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ: KEŞFEDİCİ KARMA DESEN ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: SEVİM Oğuzhan , DOYUMĞAÇ İbrahim
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin yazma motivasyonlarını belirlemek ve yabancı dil olarak Türkçe yazma motivasyonu ölçeğini geliştirmektir. Keşfedici karma deseninin benimsendiği bu araştırmanın nitel çalışma grubunu 15; nicel çalışma grubunu ise 324 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri içerik analiziyle çözümlenirken nicel veriler ise açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Nitel veriler çözümlendikten sonra alanyazın taranarak yabancı dil olarak Türkçe yazma motivasyonuna ilişkin taslak madde havuzu formu oluşturulmuştur. Taslak madde formu, Türkiye’nin farklı üniversitelerinde Türkçe öğrenmekte olan öğrencilere uygulanmış ve gerekli analizler yapılmak üzere veriler SPSS programına aktarılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda taslak ölçek maddelerinin toplam 3 faktörde toplandığı tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda 3 faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olan ve 23 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin Cronbach alfa katsayısı .943 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak taslak ölçeğin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış, bütün faktörlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farka ve elde edilen modelin ise iyi bir uyuma sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel verilerinin analizi sonucunda ortaya çıkan yazma motivasyonlarından; eğitim-öğretim, çevre, kültür ve iletişim alt temalarının nicel analizler sonucunda dışsal (araçsal) boyutla ilişkili olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Nitel verilerden elde edilen içsel motivasyonla ilişkili öz farkındalık ve duygu-düşünce alt temalarının ise nicel verilerde öz farkındalık ve duyuşsal boyutla örtüştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, nicel ve nitel verilerin birbiriyle uyumlu olduğunu göstermektedir.
Auto Train Brain mobile app for promoting dyslexia biomarker detection in children at home or at school: Feasibility, Acceptability, Economic impact, Pilot Study and Survey Results
Authors: Eroglu Gunet , Köprülü Mertali , Karabacak Berdan
Published: October 2022

The use of mobile apps in diagnosing and improving health conditions has increased in recent years. If dyslexia is diagnosed at 7 years old, dyslexic children’s reading and spelling performance get better. Therefore, dyslexia diagnosis at an early age is very important but mostly delayed in Turkey to give a chance to overcome any maturation delays. We need a biomarker app for dyslexia because it potentially helps to prevent severe consequences through an early diagnosis that helps provide early intervention. In the literature, there is no clinically tested mobile app for dyslexia biomarker detection that can objectively monitor the child’s situation at home or at school. No other research assessed the feasibility and acceptability of using this kind of mobile app to detect dyslexia with a survey on dyslexic families. Here we present a novel neurofeedback mobile app that has an embedded dyslexia biomarker based on Z-scored QEEG data that can be used at home or school that has accomplished a high accuracy rate in diagnosing dyslexia. The mobile app can be used at home by parents or teachers at school. We have collected data from 207 children (96 of them have dyslexia, 111 of them are typically developing) between 7-10 years old for 60 sessions during their neurofeedback sessions. The data consists of the eyes-open resting state 2-minute QEEG data from 14-channels. Using the ANN machine learning method, dyslexic/normal classification has been done with a high accuracy rate (98.8%). ANN yields the highest accuracy results with standardized QEEG data in the literature. Auto Train Brain is a novel neurofeedback mobile app that has dyslexia biomarker detection software embedded into it. A survey is created to assess the mobile app’s dyslexia biomarker detection module’s feasibility, acceptability, and economic impact. The results have shown that the biomarker detection app module is found feasible and acceptable by families, however, it is found expensive to use at home.
Superheavy Nuclei XI: 1500 ≤ A < 1600 Systems
Authors: Bevelacqua Joseph
Published: October 2022

Decay properties of nuclei are calculated in the mass region 1500 ≤ A < 1600. The calculations are performed using the adjusted Rost interaction. Model calculations suggest that two new islands of stability could exist in the vicinity of the Z = 414 N = 1088 (X(414, 1502)) and Z = 420 N = 1120 (X(420, 1540))systems.
Projeto de secadores de grãos com recirculação do fluxo de ar por meio de dinâmica de sistemas: uma abordagem a otimização, controle, eficiência energética e exergética
Authors:   Instituto de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Soares Waterson dos Santos , Amantéa Rafael Pinheiro ,   Instituto de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Rocha Keller Sullivan Oliveira ,   Instituto de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Monte José Eduardo Carvalho ,   Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais
Published: October 2022

In this work, a system dynamics model was developed to simulate fluidized bed dryers with exhaust air recirculation. The behavior of the grain dryer was completely analyzed from a series of scenarios. A study involving drying corn grains was presented, using parameters and configurations of practical examples, to obtain control and stability of the drying process, using pre-established values of energy and exergetic efficiencies. The a priori control methodology presented optimized, controlled and stabilized results. The simulation results were analyzed until reaching the stability of the control system of the controlled variable.
Adaptability indicators of the lotus corniculatus in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana , Kurdakova O.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comparative study of lotus corniculatus samples with the Smolenskiy 1 standard, as well as with the average yield of green mass according to experience. It is necessary to identify the most productive and adapted to the conditions of the Smolensk region variety numbers for further transfer to the next stage of breeding study. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the results of adaptability in terms of green mass yield were studied for the first time in the breeding nursery of the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops on lotus corniculatus crops. Methods. The indices of plasticity (bi), stability (Sd2), genetic flexibility ((Ymin + Ymax)/2), stress resistance (Ymin – Ymax), coefficient of variation (V), coefficient of adaptability (CA), coefficient of equalization (E), yield range (d). The soil of the site is sod-medium podzolic with an average humus content of 2.3, P2O5 222–240 mg/kg, K2O 102–170 mg/kg of soil, salt extract pH 4.9–5,4. Weather and climatic conditions for 2017–2020 were different, so HTC 1,2–2,4; SAT 2200–2400 °C. Results. Of the 16 cultivars, the most productive were E-25 (59.3 t/ha) and E-49 (48.1 t/ha). The numbers E-8, E-11, Smolenskiy 1, E-6, E-9, E-50 and E-25 have increased stress resistance (–18.8 ...–28.8 t/ha). The best indicator of genetic flexibility is in E-25, E-10, E-16 (52.4 t/ha, 48.8 t/ha and 45.5 t/ha). The most plastic samples are E-19 (1.09), E-50 (1.05), E-16 and E-26 (1.02), E-6 (0.99). In the experiment, E-26 (6.27), E-47 (7.67), E-16 (8.43) and E-6 (8.47) are more stable. High adaptability was shown by E-25, E-11, E-10, E-49 with a coefficient of KA = 1.31...1.06. E-9, E-10, E-12, Smolenskiy 1, E-47, E-25, E-16, E-6 have good agronomic stability, E-26 with a coefficient E = 80.4...70.1%. A comprehensive analysis of the indicators made it possible to identify the most valuable lotus corniculatus cultivar for further reproduction and transfer to the next stage of breeding study: E-6, E-9, E-10, E-11, E-12, E-16, E-19, E-25, E-26, E-47, E-49.
Determination of Heavy Metal Residues in Tropical Fruits near Industrial Estates in Rayong Province, Thailand: A Risk Assessment Study
Authors:   Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand, Apilux Amara , Thongkam Thitiporn ,   Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand, Tusai Thitaporn ,   Community Health Care Service, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand, Petisiwaveth Phasit ,   Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand, Kladsomboon Sumana ,   Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
Published: October 2022

This study determined the extent of heavy metal contamination of local fruit in Rayong, Thailand, an area where an industrial base is adjacent to agricultural areas. Dietary exposure to agricultural products grown in contaminated areas can cause multiple adverse effects to the human body. In order to avoid such undesirable effects, concentrations of heavy metals [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] were investigated in popular tropical fruits from three districts of Rayong, namely Wang Chan, Klang and Mueang. The levels of heavy metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and cold vapor-atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Levels of the six heavy metals in sampled fruits (durian, jackfruit, pineapple, rambutan, long kong, and mangosteen) were in the range of 0.0004-6.7095 mg/kg; 16.7% of fruit samples exceeded maximum permissible limits of Pb. Based on health risk assessments, values of estimated daily intake (EDI) were less than those of maximum tolerable daily intake. However, for non-carcinogenic risks, high hazard index (HI) values were found in some markets while for carcinogenic risks (CRs), CR values of three fruits (durian, jackfruit, and mangosteen) exceeded acceptable levels. Therefore, long-term fruit consumption could impact health of local consumers. These results provided insight into the need for regular monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in potentially contaminated fruits and for prevention of its potential effects.
Entwined Dangers: Pandemic and Modern Technology
Authors: Zha Bowen
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a crisis situation in which the dangers posed by modern technology have never been more pronounced. As the devastation of the coronavirus epidemic continues, epidemic control around the world is focused on the introduction of new legal and regulatory measures against the virus. In this paper, I analyze Heidegger’s and Foucault’s critical theory of modern technology to show that the threat is not only biological, but also ontological: the threat of modern technology to our existential state of being, which cannot be ignored. The existential dangers posed by modern technology to the social control of human rights are far more subtle and have as long-reaching effects as the biological dangers of COVID-19.
Comparative assessment of various methods of studying the skin toxicity of a wound-healing drug
Authors: Kushnir V. I. , Kushnir I. M. , Patereha I. P. , Kutsan O. T. , Zhovnir O. M. , Gutyj B. V.
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of studying the subacute skin toxicity of a wound-healing cream based on betamethasone dipropionate, gentamicin sulfate, and clotrimazole. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD No. 410), the research was conducted using the classic method. When studying the effect of a wound-healing agent on the body of animals during long-term 28-day dermal application by the classical method in animals of the I, II, and III experimental groups, which received the drug in a dose of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 ml/kg body weight; respectively no significant changes were found in the body weight of the animals and the weight coefficients of the liver, heart, spleen, kidneys, and lungs. At the same time, in the animals of the II and III research groups, a slight increase in the concentration of hemoglobin was noted, respectively, by 1.3 and 3.9 %, the level of urea – 5.3 and 11.2 %, the activity of AST – 9.8 and 14.9 % compared to the indicators of animals of the control group. In these groups, there was a decrease in total protein concentration by 5.5 and 6.8 %, creatinine level by 3.1 and 5.3 %, and ALT activity by 6.5 and 9.7 %. The studies conducted according to the OECD No. 410 make it possible to obtain more informative data on the toxic effect of the investigated agent. In particular, it was established that the use of the researched drug in animals of the I, II, and III experimental groups caused a decrease in the weight coefficients of the spleen mass, respectively, by 19.1 (Р < 0.05), 22.4 (Р < 0.05) and 28.3 % (P < 0.05), hearts – 3.6, 4.6 and 7.7 %, kidneys – 4.9, 6.5 and 10.4 % and animal body weight – 4.5, 5.4 and 6.4 %, hemoglobin concentrations – 2.6, 2.9 and 4.4 %, leukocyte counts – 21.4, 16.1 and 15.1 %, hematocrit values – 1.9, 3, 6 and 4.0 %. The average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte (MSN) also decreased by 8.3, 6.9, and 5.1 %, and the average erythrocyte (MCV) volume was 5.0, 4.7, and 1.7 %. In addition, an increase in weight coefficients of liver mass was established by 10.8 (P < 0.05), 11.8 (P < 0.05), and 15.6 % (P < 0.05). When studying the effect of the researched agent during 28-day dermal application on biochemical indicators of blood serum in animals of the first experimental group, a decrease in the concentration of total protein by 5.8 % was established. Under these conditions, an increase in creatinine level, urea level, ALT, and AST was established, respectively, by 6.2, 18.8 (P < 0.05), 3.8, and 14.7 % (P < 0.05). It should be noted that the use of the researched product in animals of the II and III experimental groups caused an increase in the level of urea, respectively, by 28.6 and 35.7 % (Р < 0.05), creatinine by 8.4 and 3.5 %, AST – 16.4 (P < 0.05) and 11.3 % and the activity of ALT – 8.5 and 11.0 %.
Erythron and protein system in piglets blood under stress influence
Authors: Kovalchuk I. I. , Slepokura O. I. , Kolomiiets I. A. , Кolotnytskiy V. A. , Garmata L. S. , Golovach P. I. , Kamratska O. I.
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of research on the development of adaptive syndrome in the system of erythron and protein of piglets at the effects of weaning stress. After one (anesthetic stage) and seven days (beginning of G.Selle's resistance stage), after the echoing, the adaptation of the erythron system was shown by a decrease in the number of red blood cells on the contrary of increasing the mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin indicating the inhibition of erythrocytosis with simultaneous macrocytosis, and a decrease in mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration for 14.0–13.0 % that indicated hypochromia. In these stressful periods, the catabolism of protein substrates was discovered, the redistribution of albumins between blood and tissues in the form of a decrease in the total protein content by 6.1–7.1 % due to albumin by 14.8–10.0 %, and the deficit of the humoral link of the immune response due to reduction of γ-globulins by 29.9–18.7 %. In the later stages of the resistance stage (after 20 and 60 days after weaning), there was a stabilization of erythrocytic indices and the development of anisocytosis in the form of an increase in red cell distribution width by 19.0 %, with a simultaneous decrease of 6.1 % of the total protein content, redistribution of its fractions in the side of the growth of γ-globulins by 18.4 %. A practical, prolonged way of preventing disorders in the erythron and protein of extramarital piglets was feeding the additive “Biovir”, which stimulated the intensity of oxidative-reducing processes and the exchange of proteins.
Dialysis Dependency at Discharge in De Novo ANCA Associated Renal Limited Vasculitis: Should We Avoid Further Immunosuppression?
Authors:   Serviço de Nefrologia – Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Nogueira Rui , Oliveira Nuno ,   Serviço de Nefrologia – Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Faculdade de Medicina – Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Gaudêncio Margarida ,   Serviço de Medicina Interna – Hospital da Figueira da Foz, Figueira da Foz, Portugal, Belmira Ana ,   Serviço de Nefrologia – Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Alves Rui ,   Serviço de Nefrologia – Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Faculdade de Medicina – Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Published: October 2022

Introduction: ANCA associated vasculitis commonly affects the kidneys. The intense inflammatory damage disrupts the glomerular architecture. Induction immunosuppressive therapy is responsible for a large part of the morbidity and mortality of these patients, due to infectious complications. This highlights the importance of defining risk factors associated with a worse renal prognosis in order to select the patients who would benefit the most from immunosuppressive therapy when it comes to renal limited vasculitis. Methods: Retrospective collection of data from patients admitted to the Coimbra’s University Hospital Nephrology Department with the diagnosis of de novo ANCA vasculitis, between 01-06-2009 and 01-06-2019. Data were analysed with SPSS v26® using parametric and nonparametric tests, Kaplan Meyer survival and ROC curve analysis. Results: There were 81 cases of de novo vasculitis, mainly due to anti-MPO antibody associated vasculitis (N=69; 85.2%). Mean age at diagnosis was 67.4 ± 15.7 years and most patients were male (N=47; 58%). At admission, patients had a mean serum creatinine (sCr) of 6.8 ± 4.0 mg/dL. Dialysis was required in 23 (28.4%) patients at admission and 44.4% were dependent on renal replacement therapy at discharge. Among dialysis-dependent patients at discharge treated with immunosuppression for at least 3 months (N=15) we observed partial kidney recovery in 2 (13.3%). Deaths were mostly (N=8/11; 72.7%) caused by infections. Discussion: Our results call into question the need for aggressive induction treatment in dialysis-dependent patients without extrarenal manifestations.
Rapid literature mapping on the recent use of machine learning for wildlife imagery
Authors: Nakagawa Shinichi , Lagisz Malgorzata , Francis Roxane , Tam Jessica , Li Xun , Elphinstone Andrew , Jordan Neil , O'Brien Justine , Pitcher Benjamin , Van Sluys Monique , Sowmya Arcot , Kingsford Richard
Published: October 2022

1. Machine (especially deep) learning algorithms are changing the way wildlife imagery is processed. They dramatically speed up the time to detect, count classify animals and their behaviours. Yet, we currently lack a systematic literature survey on its use in wildlife imagery.2. Through a literature survey (a ‘rapid’ review) and bibliometric mapping, we explored its use across: 1) species (vertebrates), 2) image types (e.g., camera traps, or drones), 3) study locations, 4) alternative machine learning algorithms, 5) outcomes (e.g., recognition, classification, or tracking), 6) reporting quality and openness, 7) author affiliation, and 8) publication journal types.3. Typically, studies have focused on single large charismatic or iconic mammalian species and used neural networks (i.e., deep learning). Additional taxa or alternative machine learning algorithms were rarely used, with limited sharing of code. There were considerable gaps, and therefore there is a great promise for deep learning to transform behavioural detection, classification, and tracking of wildlife.4. Much of the published research and focus on animals came from India, China, Australia, or the USA. There were relatively few collaborations across countries. Given the power of machine learning, we recommend increasing collaboration and sharing approaches to utilise increasing amounts of wildlife imagery more rapidly and transform and improve understanding of wildlife behaviour and conservation.5. Our survey augmented with bibliometric analyses provide valuable signposts for future studies to resolve and address shortcomings, gaps, and biases.
Дослідження впливу локальної поверхневої лазерної обробки на структуру швидкорізальних та штампових сталей
Authors: Шевченко О.В.
Published: October 2022

У статті досліджено вплив параметрів режиму локальної поверхневої лазерної обробки на структуру швидкорізальних та інструментальних сталей. Для оцінювання можливості поверхневого оплавлення інструменту при його лазерному гартуванні запропоновано використовувати комплексний параметр режиму лазерної обробки – критичну щільність потужності лазерного випромінювання. Щільність потужності лазерного випромінювання є комплексним параметром режиму обробки, який пов’язує між собою діаметр лазерного променя, його потужність та швидкість переміщення лазерного променя відносно оброблюваного виробу. Встановлено оптимальні значення щільності потужності лазерного випромінювання, при якій попереджається поверхневе оплавлення оброблюваних матеріалів та водночас досягається максимальна мікротвердість поверхневого зміцненого шару. Експериментально доведено, що саме високотемпературне гартування з твердого стану дає можливість отримати максимальну мікротвердість та дисперсність структури загартованого шару. Обробка з оплавленням поверхні є небажаною внаслідок різкого зменшення мікротвердості загартованого шару через утворення значної кількості залишкового аустеніту. Встановлено, що глибина зміцненого шару залежить від вихідної мікроструктури оброблюваних матеріалів. Максимальна глибина зміцненого шару досягається у тому випадку, коли перед лазерним опромінюванням інструментальні швидкорізальні та штампові сталі піддаються об’ємному гартуванню та відпуску за типовими режимами. Встановлено, що основною причиною збільшення глибини зміцненого шару у цьому випадку є менша теплопровідність загартованих сталей у порівнянні із сталями, що знаходяться у рівноважному стані. Визначено оптимальні значення коефіцієнта перекриття лазерних доріжок, при якому досягається мінімальна ширина зон відпуску.
Порівняльний аналіз високовольтних вимикачів різних типів
Authors: Романченко Ю.А.
Published: October 2022

У статті наведено порівняльний аналіз характеристик повітряних, масляних, вакуумних та елегазових високовольтних вимикачів, що використовуються на електричних підстанціях. Дані вимикачі є досить складною конструкцією, керованою електромагнітними, пружинними, гідравлічними або пневматичними приводами та розділяються на кілька типів залежно від середовища, у якому здійснюють гасіння дуги.

Аналіз літературних джерел показав, що повітряні вимикачі, як найменш ефективні, великі за габаритними розмірами та дорогі в обслуговуванні, у наш час практично не використовуються, всі старі повітряні вимикачі поступово замінюють ефективнішими та надійнішими вимикачами. Тому в статті проаналізовано характеристики масляних, вакуумних та елегазових високовольтних вимикачів, розглянуто їх переваги та недоліки в різних умовах, які враховують при виборі вимикачів.Виконано порівняння найважливіших характеристик високовольтних вимикачів, таких як механічна міцність, електрична міцність дугогасного середовища, комутаційний ресурс вимикача – кількість циклів роботи вимикача, вага вимикача. Показано, що дуже важливим питанням є експлуатація високовольтних вимикачів, їх обслуговування – проведення періодичних капітальних та поточних ремонтів, а також позапланових (аварійних) ремонтів. Розглянуто питання впливу обладнання електроустановок на навколишнє середовище. Для захисту навколишнього середовища необхідно мінімізувати кількість шкідливих речовин, що потрапляє до навколишнього середовища.Порівняльний аналіз високовольтних вимикачів показав, що найбільш ефективними, якісними, надійними є елегазові та вакуумні високовольтні вимикачі. Провідні виробники комутаційних апаратів даного типу з кожним роком дедалі більше удосконалюють продукцію, роблячи її надійнішою та ефективнішою. Тому в наш час масляні вимикачі практично не випускаються. При будівництві нових об’єктів та технічному переоснащенні старих, віддається перевага виключно елегазовим та вакуумним високовольтним вимикачам. Тільки такі вимикачі здатні забезпечити високу надійність електропостачання споживачів та повною мірою забезпечити свої експлуатаційні характеристики, при цьому вони повністю відповідають нормам безпеки обслуговування, пожежної безпеки та екологічності.
Методика проектного розрахунку автоматичного електрогідравлічного приводу обертального руху та об’ємного регулювання
Authors: Голубенко О.Л. , Романченко О.В. , Соколов В.І. , Степанова О.Г.
Published: October 2022

Робота присвячена розробці автоматичних електрогідравлічних приводів технологічного обладнання. Представлена методика проектного розрахунку автоматичного електрогідравлічного приводу обертального руху та об’ємного регулювання. Методика проектного розрахунку дозволяє оцінювати основні параметри та вибирати елементи і пристрої приводу по значенням максимального моменту навантаження та частоти обертання валу гідромотора, прогнозувати статичні та динамічні характеристики приводу. Вхідними даними для розрахунку гідроприводу з обертальним рухом приймаються наступні параметри: Mmах – максимальний момент навантаження; nmax – максимальна частота обертання; J – приведений момент інерції ротора. Об’ємний гідропривід з регульованим насосом і нерегульованим гідромотором найбільш поширений. Гідроприводи з такою структурою застосовуються в багатьох видах обладнання та забезпечують плавний пуск і безступінчасте регулювання швидкості руху робочого органу обладнання за допомогою одного керуючого органу. Робоча рідина вибирається виходячи з технічних вимог, які пред’являються до обладнання або рекомендацій із технічних даних основного гідравлічного обладнання -насоса і гідромотора, а також з урахуванням режиму роботи електрогідравлічного приводу технологічного обладнання, кліматичних і температурних умов. Запропонована система автоматичного керування приводом, що враховує шум спостереження та стохастичне збурення об’єкта керування. Виконано приклад проектного розрахунку автоматичного електрогідравлічного приводу технологічного обладнання для наступних вхідних даних: максимальний момент навантаження Mmax =120 Н·м; максимальна частота обертання nmax =2100 об/хв; приведений момент інерції частин, що обертаються, J=0,8 кг·м2. Показана можливість використання аксіально-поршневого насоса з похилим диском, що серійно випускається, та нерегульованого гідромотору з похилою шайбою. На основі паспортних даних визначені параметри математичної моделі приводу як об’єкта автоматичного керування. Виконані дослідження динамічних характеристик системи.
Дослідження компоновок коробок швидкостей металорізальних верстатів методом параметричного моделювання
Authors: Кроль О.С. , Алієв В.E.
Published: October 2022

Розглянуто методики побудови та моделювання поперечних конфігурацій багатоопераційного токарно-гвинторізного верстата за допомогою методів параметричного моделювання. Пропонується розглядати задачу синтезу просторового компонування приводу головного руху токарного верстата (редуктора) як двокритеріальну оптимізаційну задачу. Існують два основних критерії ефективності конструкційного завдання для поперечної компоновки: 1) максимізувати жорсткість вихідного валу редуктора та шпинделя верстата; 2) мінімізувати наведене навантаження на передню опору шпинделя. Досліджено вплив критеріїв оптимізації на проектні рішення при розробці компонувальних рішень робочого простору машини. Розроблено алгоритми та програми параметричного представлення багатоступеневих редукторів у середовищі інтегрованої системи автоматизованого проектування АРМ «WinMachine». Показано ефективність застосування синтаксису параметризації в задачах геометричного аналізу та синтезу просторового положення валів і зубчастих коліс для редукторів металорізального обладнання. Показано ефективність використання інтерфейсу модуля APM Graph при виникненні ненормативних ситуацій, пов’язаних із порушенням мінімально допустимої відстані зовнішньої поверхні шестерень до бічної стінки корпусу та днища корпусу коробки передач. Розглянуто особливість застосування засобів параметризації, пов’язаних із використанням спеціалізованої бази даних проектування середовища автоматизованої системи проектування АРМ WinMachine. Дано оцінку різниці між заводським варіантом та отриманим варіантом за критерієм оптимальної жорсткості. Для цього було використано модуль розрахунку APM Shaft та розраховано максимальний прогин стріли переднього кінця шпинделя у двох вищезгаданих варіантах. Відзначено ефективність застосування розділу бази даних, який функціонує як із традиційними графічними примітивами, так і зі структурними елементами в параметричному поданні. Запропоновано розв'язання двокритеріальної задачі проектування редуктора токарного верстата за критеріями максимальної жорсткості та мінімального навантаження на передню опору вала.
Моделювання конструкції чотириопорного валу за критерієм жорсткості
Authors: Кроль О.С. , Голубенко О.Л. , Слєпченко К.І.
Published: October 2022

Наведено засоби та інструменти проектування та моделювання багатоопорних валів із застосуванням твердотільного моделювання та методу скінченних елементів при виборі оптимальної конструкції валу та його опор. Розроблено поперечну компоновку приводу, яка визначатиме характер навантаження та конструктивну схему вала. Цей вал розглядається як стрижнева конструкція на чотирьох шарнірних опорах, у яких основною проблемою продуктивності є недостатня жорсткість і високі рівні напружень на окремих ділянках. Розглянуто процедуру розробки пружно-деформаційної моделі як комплексу двох незалежних завдань: статику вала як стрижня на пружних опорах (розрахунок пружної лінії вала) та відповідні характеристики підшипників. Запропоновано процедуру побудови тривимірної моделі на чотириопорній конструкції валу для багатоопераційного свердлильно-фрезерно-розточувального верстата в інтегрованому робочому місці САПР АРМ WinMachine. Використано взаємопов’язані модулі твердотільного моделювання «AРM Studio» та «AРM Structure3D», а також спеціалізований модуль для проектування валів «AРM Shaft», які входять до середовища САПР APM WinMachine. Використовується спеціалізоване параметричне ядро з дуже зручним інтерфейсом, що забезпечує різке підвищення продуктивності конструктора в процесі моделювання валів верстатів. Розрахунок підшипника 4-309 виконано за допомогою модуля «ARM Bear», який базується на комплексі верифікаційних розрахунків неідеальних підшипників, включаючи визначення переміщень і діаграм розподілу зусиль з урахуванням статистичної дисперсії. Розглянуто багатоваріантний розрахунок пружно-деформаційного стану методом скінченних елементів у середовищі інтегрованої системи автоматизованого проектування. Проведений аналіз переміщень і кутів повороту в різних ділянках валу на жорстких шарнірних опорах і встановлено, що їх значення знаходяться в допустимих межах, що підтверджує ефективність роботи чотириопорної валової конструкції. Максимальні напруження, які виникають у щлицьовій поверхні, визначаються за допомогою параметра «Напруга в перетині». Показано, як змінюються пружно-деформаційні характеристики при переході від жорстких до пружно-деформаційних шарнірних опор.