bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Tree Growth and Mineral Content in Soil and Cherry Leaves (Prunus cerasus L.)
Authors: Rutkowski Krzysztof , Łysiak Grzegorz P.
Published: January 2023

Nitrogen fertilization ensures the proper growth of trees. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of differentiated nitrogen fertilization on selected parameters. It was assumed that such analysis is an indirect picture of the needs of cherries grown in herbicide fallow. The content of minerals in two layers of the soil, in leaves, and its influence of tree growth, and the content of chlorophyll in leaves were assessed. The experiments were carried out in three different cherry orchards. Three levels of fertilization were applied in each orchard: 0 kg, 60 kg and with 120 kg N ha- 1. As expected the fertilization resulted in an increase in the content of nitrate and ammonium forms of nitrogen in the soil, however, their content was also dependent on precipitation and temperature. Additionally a high nitrogen fertilization increased the content of phosphorus and potassium and decreased the magnesium in the topsoil layer. High nitrogen fertilization caused the decrease of content of phosphorus and potassium in the leaves. The level of calcium and magnesium in leaves increased with fertilization of 60 kg N ha–1 but decreased with the dose to 120 kg N ha–1. The use of nitrogen fertilization increased the vegetative growth of trees measured by leaf area and trunk cross-sectional area. However, the chlorophyll content was not dependent on the amount of nitrogen fertilization.
Identification of a Family of Glycoside Derivatives Biologically Active Against Acinetobacter baumannii and Other MDR Bacteria Using a QSPR Model
Authors: Palacios-Can Francisco José , Silva-Sánchez Jesus , León-Rivera Ismael , Tlahuext Hugo , Pastor Nina , Razo-Hernández Rodrigo Said
Published: January 2023

As the rate of discovery of new antibacterial compounds towards multidrug resistant bacteria is declining, there is an urge for the search of molecules that could revert this tendency. Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a highly virulent Gram-negative bacterium that has acquired multiple mechanisms against antibiotics and is considered of critical priority. In this work we developed a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model with 592 compounds for the identification of structural parameters related to their property as antibacterial agents against A. baumannii. QSPR mathematical validation (R2 = 70.27, RN = -0.008, aR2 = 0.014 and δK = 0.021) and its prediction ability (Q2LMO= 67.89, Q2EXT = 67.75, a(Q2)= -0.068, δQ = 0.0, rm2 = 0.229, and ∆rm2 = 0.522) were obtained with different statistical parameters; additional validation jobs were done using three sets of external molecules (R2 = 72.89, 71.64 and 71.56). We used the QSPR model to perform a virtual screening on the BIOFACQUIM natural product database. From this screening our model showed that molecules 32 to 35 and 54 to 68, isolated from different extracts of plants of the Ipomoea sp., are potential antibacterial against A. baumannii. Furthermore, biological assays showed that molecules 56 and 60 to 64 have a wide antibacterial activity against clinical isolated strains of A. baumannii, as well as other multidrug resistant bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, we propose 60 as a potential lead compound due to its broad-spectrum activity and its structural simplicity. Therefore, our QSPR model can be used as a tool for the investigation and search of new antibacterial compounds against A. baumannii.
CFD Computation of Flow Fractional Reserve (FFR) in Coronary Artery Trees Using a Novel Physiologically Based Algorithm (PBA) Under 3D Steady and Pulsatile Flow Conditions
Authors: Alzhanov Nursultan , Ng Eddie Y. K. , Su Xiaohui , Zhao Yong
Published: January 2023

A novel physiologically based algorithm (PBA) for the computation of fractional flow reserve (FFR) in coronary artery trees (CATs) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is proposed and developed. The PBA is based on the extension of Murray's law and additional inlet conditions prescribed iteratively, and is implemented in OpenFOAM for testing and validation. 3D models of CATs are created using CT scans and computational meshes, and the results are compared to in-vasive coronary angiographic (ICA) data to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the PBA. The discrepancy between calculated and experimental FFR is within 2.33-5.26% in steady-state and transient simulations, respectively, when convergence is reached. The PBA is a reliable and physiologically sound technique compared to the current lumped parameter model (LPM), which is based on empirical scaling correlations and requires nonlinear iterative computing for conver-gence. The accuracy of the PBA method is further confirmed using the FDA nozzle, which demonstrates good alignment with CFD-validated values.
The Synergy Between Zinc and Antimicrobial Peptides: An Insight into Unique Bioinorganic Interactions
Authors: Donaghy Caroline , Javellana Jose Gabriel , Hong YoungJin , Djoko Karrera , Angeles-Boza Alfredo Milton
Published: January 2023

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity across all species. AMPs have become the focus of attention in recent years as scientists are addressing antibiotic resistance, a public health crisis that has reached epidemic proportions. This family of peptides are a promising alternative to current antibiotics due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and tendency to avoid resistance development. A subfamily of AMPs interact with metal ions to potentiate their antimicrobial effectiveness, as such they have been termed metalloAMPs. In this work, we review the scientific literature of metalloAMPs that enhance their antimicrobial efficacy when combined with the essential metal ion, zinc (II). Beyond the role played by Zn(II) as a cofactor in different systems, it is well-known that this metal ion plays an important role in innate immunity. Here, we classify the different types of synergistic interactions between AMPs and Zn(II) into three distinct classes. By better understanding how each class of metalloAMPs uses Zn(II) to potentiate their activity, researchers can begin to exploit these interactions in the development of new antimicrobial agents and accelerate their use as therapeutics.
Assessment of Current Land Use in the Oueme Basin and Preliminary Study of its Future for Hydrological Impacts
Authors: Bodjrenou René , Comandan Françoise , Danso K. Derrick
Published: January 2023

The modification of land use is a crucial factor in the dysfunction of ecosystems. It considerably influences the hydrological cycle of basins. This study focuses on the Oueme basin, which represents almost half of the total area of Benin, and describes the current and future evolution of its land cover using the maps of the Land Use Land Cover Dynamics project (1975, 2000 and 2013). A temporal analysis of the surface states was performed with QGIS and the potential land cover in 2025, 2050 and 2085 was estimated using the Markov chain algorithm in the IDRISI software. The results show that the Oueme basin is predominantly savanna (77.70% in 1975, 66.29% in 2000 and 57.10% in 2013). Forest areas, which represented the second class in 1975 with a total proportion of 13.34%, have gradually decreased to 8.66% and 6.89% respectively in 2000 and 2013. Conversely, cultivated areas more than tripled in 2000 and quadrupled in 2013. Residential areas are increasing very strongly in the southern part of the basin with an amplification in the recent period (6% between 2000-2013 against 2% between 1975-2000). The recent period is more exposed to changes in surface condition and these changes are likely to be amplified in the future (probable total disappearance of forested areas in 2085). We recommend clarifying the impacts that each land use category generates/will generate on the hydrological cycle of this basin.
Deep Unsupervised Machine Learning for Early Diabetes Risk Prediction using Ensemble Feature Selection and Deep Belief Neural Networks
Authors: Olabanjo Olusola , Wusu Ashiribo , Mazzara Manuel
Published: January 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a popular life-threatening disease and patients may gradually have started suffering from other diabetes-causing diseases such as heart attacks, stroke, hypertension, blurry vision, blindness, foot ulcer, amputation, kidney damage and other organ failures before diagnosis. Early detection can help reduce the fatality of this disease. Deep learning models have proven very useful in disease detection and computer-aided diagnosis. In this work, we proposed a deep unsupervised machine learning model for early detection of diabetes using voting ensemble feature selection and deep belief neural networks (DBN). Dataset was obtained from an online repository containing responses of prediagnosed patients to direct questionnaires administered in Sylhet Diabetes Hospital in Sylhet, Bangladesh. The dataset was preprocessed and preprocessed. Features were reduced using the ensemble feature selector. The DBN model was pretrained and tuned to obtain optimal performance. The model was also compared with other models with no multiple hidden layers. The DBN performed at its relative best with F1-measure, precision and recall of 1.00, 0.92 and 1.00 respectively. We conclude that DBN is a useful tool for an unsupervised early prediction of Type II diabetes mellitus.
One-Unit Osteotomy to Correct Deviated Bony Dorsum
Authors: Kim Byung Kil , Heo Yujin , Park Song I , Hong Sang Duk , Jung Yong Gi , Kim Hyo Yeol
Published: January 2023

Objectives. A crooked nose is frequently caused by nasal bony vault deviation, and proper management of the bony vault is an integral part of rhinoplasty. Conventional osteotomy to correct a deviated nose favors simultaneous medial and lateral osteotomies, which allows the free independent movement of each nasal bone. However, patient satisfaction with deviated nose surgery is sometimes low. In the present study, we introduce a one-unit osteotomy procedure that combines bilateral and root osteotomies with unilateral triangular bony wedge resection to allow symmetry of both nasal bones.Methods. Twenty consecutive patients who presented with bony vault deviation and underwent one-unit osteotomy were enrolled in this retrospective single-center study. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire was used to evaluate each patient’s functional outcome. The angle of bony vault deviation before and after one-unit osteotomy was measured using a protractor and compared with the results of 14 patients who had undergone conventional osteotomy. The improvement in dorsal deviation was evaluated using facial photography preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.Results. NOSE values improved from 8.4±6.4 to 4.1±4.2 (P =0.021). The angle of bony vault deviation improved from 6.9°±2.2° to 2.1°±1.2° (P <0.001) in one-unit osteotomy and from 7.3°±4.0° to 2.7°±1.2° (P =0.001) in conventional osteotomy. The preoperative deviation angle improved by 70.3% in one-unit osteotomy compared with 56.6% in conventional osteotomy, which was a significant difference (P =0.033). The mean grade of the postoperative esthetic outcomes for the remaining deviation was 1.6±0.5, which was similar to that in the conventional osteotomy group.Conclusion. One-unit osteotomy is a relatively simple procedure that balances the width of both lateral walls by removing excessive bony fragments from the wider bony wall and providing better structural integrity. This technique improves functional outcomes and has equivalent esthetic results to those of the traditional procedure.
Identification and Characterization of mRNA and lncRNA Expression Profiles in Age-Related Hearing Loss
Authors: Kim Janghyun , Lee Bora , Lee Sungsu , Kim Joon-Tae , Kim Byeong C. , Cho Hyong-Ho
Published: January 2023

Objectives. Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), or presbycusis, is caused by disorders of sensory hair cells and auditory neurons. Many studies have suggested that the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA damage, the production of reactive oxygen species, noise, inflammation, and decreased antioxidant function are associated with subsequent cochlear senescence in response to aging stress. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been reported to play important roles in various diseases. However, the function of lncRNA in ARHL remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the common expression profiles of messenger RNA (mRNA) and lncRNA through ARHL-related RNA-sequencing datasets.Methods. We selected and downloaded three different sets of RNA-sequencing data for ARHL. We performed differential expression analysis to find common mRNA and lncRNA profiles in the cochleae of aged mice compared to young mice. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was used for functional exploration. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate mRNAs and lncRNAs. In addition, we performed trans target prediction analysis with differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs to understand the function of these mRNAs and lncRNAs in ARHL.Results. We identified 112 common mRNAs and 10 common lncRNAs in the cochleae of aged mice compared to young mice. GO analysis showed that the 112 upregulated mRNAs were enriched in the defense response pathway. When we performed qRT-PCR with 1 mM H2O2-treated House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells, the qRT-PCR results were consistent with the RNA-sequencing analysis data. lncRNA-mRNA networks were constructed using the 10 common lncRNAs and 112 common mRNAs in ARHL.Conclusion. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the common mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in ARHL. Knowledge of ARHL-associated mRNAs and lncRNAs could be useful for better understanding ARHL and these mRNAs and lncRNAs might be a potential therapeutic target for preventing ARHL.
Effect of Planting Distance and Chicken Mnure on Growth and Production of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
Authors: Arifin Saiful , WDP Al Machfudz , Ambarwati Lydia Kusuma
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spacing and chicken manure on the growth and production of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plant. This research was conducted in April-June 2021 in Jiken Village, Tulangan District, Sidoarjo. The experiment was arranged in a factorial manner in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is plant spacing, consisiting of: 25 x 50, 35 x 50, 45 x 50  while the second factor is chicken manure consisting of: on chicken manure, chicken manure 5 tons/ha and 10 tons/ha chicken manure. Observation variables consist of plant heigh, number of leaves. stem diameter, fruit number, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit wet weight, fruit dry weight and harvest index. The data were analyzed by5% ANOVA followed by the Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) test at the 5% level. The result showed that there was a significant interaction between plant spacing and chicken manure on the observed variable of okra harvest index. Plant spacing treatment had no significant effect on the observed variables of plant heigt, number of leaves. stem diameter, fruit number, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit wet weight and fruit dry weight. The application of chicken manure had a significant effect on the observed variables of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of fruit and harvest index. The combination of treatment spacing (45 x 50) and chicken manure at a dose of 10 tons/ha resulted in the highest growth and pcroduction of okra plants.
Resolving Quaternary Tectonic Activity with High-Resolution Data in Space and Time
Authors: Ren Zhikun , Zielke Olaf , Chevalier Marie-Luce , Nissen Edwin , Zhang Huiping
Published: January 2023

Large earthquakes are among the most dangerous natural disasters with potentially devastating effects on society and infrastructure across the globe. In order to better understand earthquakes, research in active tectonics aims at quantifying crustal deformation throughout the active fault’s earthquake cycles by studying geomorphic and stratigraphic evidence of recent and past earthquakes. The underlying assumption in this approach is that a fault’s current and previous seismic behavior is representative of its future behavior. Constraining a fault’s seismic behavior in such a manner requires high-resolution geomorphic and stratigraphic records that enable us to resolve the spatial and temporal characteristics of co-, post-, and interseismic phases, ideally over multiple earthquake cycles. Recent technological developments have dramatically increased not only the amount and resolution of topographic and geophysical survey data sets but also our ability to date stratigraphic units and geomorphic surfaces. These technological advances have enabled us to better understand the interplay between crustal deformation, earthquake ruptures, and their signature in geomorphic and stratigraphic records. In particular, the availability of high-resolution data sets from LiDAR, SfM, or geophysical surveys and the use of accurate dating methods such as cosmogenic or OSL dating allow us to quantitatively study surface deformation at high spatial resolution over large areas and at multiple time scales—from a few years to millions of years. In this special issue, we focus on the tectonic activity of active faults and the geomorphic processes in various tectonic regimes worldwide. It covers active tectonics, earthquake geology, remote sensing, tectonic geomorphology, Quaternary geochronology, geohazard, and seismology.
Grain sizes and minerals in sediments in a part of the Vietnamese Gulf of Tonkin
Authors: Nhon Dang Hoai , Thao Nguyen Van , Thanh Tran Duc , Ve Nguyen Dac , Vuong Bui Van , Thuy Lai Thi Bich , Loan Bui Thi Thanh , Chien Hoang Thi , Nghi Duong Thanh
Published: January 2023

Grain sizes and minerals from Gulf of Tonkin sediments were evaluated from 30 surface samples and 50 core samples in two cores, distribution of grain sizes and minerals to help understand sediment characteristics, origins, and environmental dynamics. There were five sediment types: Fine and very fine sands were found nearshore where land-sea interactions were stronger than offshore, whereas very coarse, coarse, and medium silts were found offshore, in small bays, river mouths with weak land-sea interactions, or near source sediment supplies. Minerals in sediment were identified as decreasing in the content of quartz, illite, kaolinite, chlorite, feldspar, goethite, halite, calcite, gibbsite, aragonite, and montmorillonite. Content of major minerals such as quartz, illite, kaolinite, and chlorite varied from nearshore to offshore; quartz was higher nearshore than offshore; illite, kaolinite, and chlorite in nearshore were lower than offshore; calcite and aragonite were low nearshore and hight in offshore; goethite was lower offshore and higher nearshore, while halite was high in offshore and low in the nearshore. The origin of the sediments is weathering and erosion from the mainland and islands under the river and sea processes distributed in the Gulf of Tonkin with quartz, illite, kaolinite, feldspar, chlorite and montmorillonite present in the sediment. Geochemical processes produced goethite, gibbsite, halite and pyrite in the sediments. Biological substances produced calcite and aragonite.
Determinants of defaulter to full vaccination among children aged 12-23 months in Siraro District, West Arsi zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A Case-Control study
Authors: Guye Ararso Hordofa , Nigussie Tadesse , Tesema Mengistu , Shambi Dame Banti , Diriba Berhanu Senbeta , Dureso Negasa Shuma , Debela Sisay Motuma
Published: January 2023

Background: Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective global public health interventions to reduce childhood morbidity and mortality. Defaulters to full vaccination can put the children at greater risk of acquiring vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, and the reason for not receiving full vaccination is not well explored, and there is limited evidence about defaulters to full vaccination in Ethiopia.
Objectives: To identify determinants of defaulter to full vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Siraro District, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among children aged 12–23 months from March 20 to April 30, 2022, with a total sample size of 444 (148 cases and 296 controls). Cases were children aged 12-23 months who had missed at least one routine vaccination dose, while controls were children who had received all of the recommended routine vaccinations. Consecutive sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to select representative cases and controls respectively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, entered into Epi-data version 4.6, and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify determinants of failure to receive full vaccination, and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of ≤0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance of the association.
Result: Of the assessed determinants of defaulter to full vaccination; inadequate knowledge of mothers/caretakers (AOR=4.32, 95% CI:2.78-6.70), educational status of father unable to read and write (AOR=3.66, 95% CI:1.29-10.39), time to reach health facility ≥30 minutes (AOR=2.45, 95% CI:1.51-3.97), not told about the type of vaccine received (AOR=2.37, 95% CI;1.27-4.45), no parents discussion on vaccination (AOR=2.16, 95% CI:1.24-3.79), home delivery (AOR=2.43, 95% CI:1.39-4.25) and not participated in pregnant mother conference (AOR=2.47, 95% CI=1.35-4.49) were the identified determinants of defaulter to full vaccination.
Conclusion: Mothers knowledge, father’s education, place of delivery, time to reach health facility, health workers told type of vaccine received, participation in pregnant mother conference and parents discussion on vaccination were the determinants of defaulter to full vaccination status. Thus, the district health office should work on defaulters of vaccination by strengthening immunization service delivery and improving maternal knowledge on vaccination through pregnant mother conference participation.
Fat Injection as a Supporting method in Grafting of Skin Particles Combined with Oral Mucosa in Vaginal Agenesis Repairing
Authors: Yu Yang , Ling Zhang , Jing Zhuang , PengHua Zeng , XiongWen Qiu
Published: January 2023

Objective
This paper discusses a method of local injection of autologous fat granules in repairing vaginal agenesis to further improve the effectiveness of the grafting of skin particles combined with oral mucosa.
Methods
This is a clinical study. Fat is suctioned out from the abdominal wall and is injected into the tissue space between the urethra and rectum. A cavity is formed by blunt dissection. Both oral mucosa and free skin grafts are cut into granules and mixed. A soft vaginal mold is evenly spread with the aforesaid mixed tissue. Then the soft mold is placed into the reconstructed vaginal cavity. After 14 days, the soft mold is taken out and replaced with a hard mold.
Results
There were 11 patients with vaginal agenesis treated with vaginal reconstruction. Follow up period varied from 6 months to 2 years and showed the reconstructed vagina as being soft and elastic while firm.
Conclusion
In skin grafting for treating vaginal agenesis using skin granules, the application of fat granule injection as a supporting structure can improve the degree of simulation. It is an upgrade based on the original method and is worthy of extending clinical practice.
Transcription factors induce differential splicing of duplicated ribosomal protein genes during meiosis
Authors: Elela Sherif Abou , Petibon Cyrielle , Catala Mathieu , Morales Danna , Panchapakesan Shanker , Unrau Peter
Published: January 2023

In yeast, most ribosomal proteins are produced from duplicated genes. These nearly identical protein pairs are expressed at varying levels, with one ‘major paralog’ usually predominating. The minor paralog is highly transcribed but held in check through reduced intron removal, but the mechanism and purpose of this copy-specific repression remains unclear. In this study, we searched for proteins that achieve copy-specific expression by acting through the intron of the minor paralog of the model duplicated small ribosomal subunit protein S9 genes. By mass spectrometry and gene deletion we demonstrate that the transcription factors Rim101 and Taf14 bind to the intron and inhibit the splicing of the minor RPS9 paralog. RPS9A is then specifically de-repressed during meiosis to ensure optimal expression of meiotic genes and efficient sporulation. Our results reveal a new regulatory paradigm where transcriptional factors can also modulate splicing rates to optimize the expression of duplicated ribosomal protein genes.
Genetic landscape of homologous recombination repair genes in early-onset/familial prostate cancer patients
Authors: Teixeira Manuel , Paulo Paula , Cardoso Marta , Brandão Andreia , Pinto Pedro , Falconi Ariane , Pinheiro Manuela , Cerveira Nuno , Santos Rui , Santos Catarina , Pinto Carla , Peixoto Ana , Maia Sofia
Published: January 2023

Prostate cancer (PrCa) is among the three top most frequent and deadlier cancers worldwide. The discovery of PARP inhibitors for the treatment of tumors having deleterious variants in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes has placed PrCa in the roadmap of precision medicine. Still, the overall contribution of HRR genes for the 10-20% of the carcinomas arising in men with early-onset/familial PrCa has not been fully clarified. We used Targeted Next Generation Sequencing (T-NGS) covering eight HRR genes (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CHEK2, NBN, PALB2 and RAD51C) and an analysis pipeline querying both small and large genomic variations, to clarify both their global and relative contribution for hereditary PrCa predisposition in a series of 462 early-onset/familial PrCa cases. Deleterious variants were found in 3.9% of the patients, with CHEK2 and ATM being the most frequently mutated genes (38.9% and 22.2% of the carriers, respectively), followed by PALB2 and NBN (11.1% of the carriers, each), and then by BRCA2, RAD51C, and BRIP1 (5.6% of the carriers each). Using the same NGS data, exonic rearrangements were found in two patients, one pathogenic in BRCA2 and one of unknown significance in BRCA1. Additionally, 5.4% of the patients were carriers of variants of unknown significance (VUS). These results support the utility of T-NGS to clarify the genetic heterogeneity that underlies PrCa predisposition, allowing to detect both small and large genomic variations, and unveil CHEK2 and ATM as the major HRR genes associated with early-onset and familial PrCa, respectively.
Duration of blastocyst collapse is associated with blastocyst ploidy and live birth rate after single euploid blastocyst transfers
Authors: Zhu Jiahong , Zou Jiayi , Xiong Shun , Wu Lihong , Gao Yang , Liu Junxia , Huang Guoning , Han Wei
Published: January 2023

Background
To evaluate whether the total duration of collapse to re-expansion is associated with blastocyst ploidy and live birth rate after euploid blastocyst transfers.
Methods
In total, 600 preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles with 2203 blastocysts were included in this study, all embryos were cultured in the time-lapse incubators. The intensity, frequency and total duration of collapses during blastocyst expansion were observed by embryoscope viewer. Five hundred and sixty-eight cycles with single euploid frozen blastocyst transfer were performed. The association between collapse features and the euploidy rates and the clinical outcomes after euploid embryo transfers were evaluated, using Generalized Estimating Equation multivariate regression.
Results
The results showed that the intensity, frequency and total duration of collapses were negatively correlated with the euploidy rate. However, after controlling for the confounders, the generalized estimating equation (GEE) multivariate regression showed that neither the intensity nor the frequency of collapses had significant impact on the euploidy rate, while the total duration of collapses to re-expansion was significantly associated with the euploidy rate, the multivariate OR was 0.81 (95%CI: 0.70–0.93, P < 0.05). In addition, the total duration of collapses to re-expansion and the collapses frequency negatively affected the live birth rate, the multivariate OR were 0.55(95%CI: 0.38–0.80, P < 0.05) and 1.76(95CI%:1.07–2.91, P < 0.05), respectively. However, none of the collapse related parameters were associated with the pregnancy loss after euploid blastocyst transfers.
Conclusion
The total duration of collapse to re-expansion can be used as a predictor of aneuploidy and reduced live birth rate when selecting a single euploid blastocyst for transfer. Further studies with well-design are needed to confirm the current result.
Nudging vaccination against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: zhang jiarong , Jin Hui
Published: January 2023

Background: New approaches to mitigate vaccine hesitancy (VH) and improve vaccine uptake and willingness are urgently needed. Nudging is a new approach that has shown effective results in several areas of health. However, the effectiveness is unclear regarding nudging interventions to improve intentions and behaviors related to COVID-19 vaccination.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until August 5, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were considered to determine whether nudging improved COVID-19 vaccination behavior and intent. The risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as pooled measures to assess vaccination behavior. Intention to vaccinate was reported in the narrative synthesis.
Results: A total of 15 RCTs involving 167,127 individuals were included. Nudge strategies significantly boosted the COVID-19 vaccine uptake rate (RR: 1.19, 95% CI [1.07, 1.33], p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that there was a weak positive effect on vaccine uptake of social norms (RR: 2.04, 95% Cl [1.61, 2.57]), defaults (RR: 1.32, 95% CI [1.03, 1.69]), and salient reminders (RR: 1.19, 95% CI [1.04, 1.36]). Additionally, the effect of nudging interventions on COVID-19 vaccine uptake weakened over time(p < 0.0001). Most studies (9 of 10) involving vaccination intention outcomes showed positive or partially positive results.
Conclusion: Nudging interventions can promote COVID-19 vaccination behavior and intentions, albeit with small magnitude, and need to be combined with other intervention strategies to promote vaccination.
The Impact of E-cigarette Usage on Cognitive Performance Level among University Students in Malaysia: A case-controlled study
Authors: Kamarudin Siti Norsyafika , Hashim Natiara Mohamad , Daud Ahmad Zamir Che , Ahmedy Fatimah , Salim Mazatulfazura Sf , Hassan Salmah Anim Abu
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is an electronic device containing a cartridge filled with liquid nicotine and other chemicals, producing inhalable smoke. Malaysia is known to be one of the biggest markets for e-cigarettes due to the highest recorded number of young consumers. E-cigarette cause multiple pulmonary complications or direct injury secondary to the device explosion. Little is known about its effects on cognitive performance, and its potential hazard to the brain. Given a different sociodemographic background and e-cigarette profile compared to the other country, it is paramount to explore its potential effect on cognitive function among the young population in Malaysia.
Method:
This is a case-controlled study to explore the cognitive performance differences between e-cigarette users and non-users among university students in Malaysia. We performed a face-to-face cognitive evaluation using WHO Auditory Verbal Learning Tests (WHO-AVLT), Trail Making test (TMT), and Digit Span Test (DST). We assessed the knowledge and attitude towards e-cigarettes using a self-reported questionnaire and explored their association with the behaviour.
Results:
DST has shown a significant difference, with the e-cigarette users demonstrated a higher score compared to non-cigarette users with scores of 21.75 and 20.17, p < 0.05, respectively. There were no significant differences between the e-cigarette users and non-users for WHO-AVLT and TMT. E-cigarette users demonstrate a lower level of knowledge and attitude than users, showing a significant association with e-cigarette behavior.
Conclusion:
E-cigarette does not cause a cognitive performance decline among university students. This study provides the initial evidence of whether there is any potential for e-cigarette effect on cognitive function among our local young population. The finding may serve as a reference for a more robust related study in the future.
The anti-neoplastic impact of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa on small cell lung cancer: in vitro and in vivo investigations
Authors: Khan Mahjabin , Lam Sze Kwan , Yan Sheng , Feng Yuqian , Chen Caoyang , Ko Frankie Chi Fat , Ho James Chung Man
Published: January 2023

Background:
Malignant and aggressive, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) comprises about 15% of all diagnosed lung cancer cases. With primary therapeutic options like chemotherapy accompanied by enfeebling side-effects, interest has been soaring in the therapeutic competencies of herbs. One such herb is Nigella sativa. Surviving millennia, originating, and populating Middle-eastern and Mediterranean culture and cuisine, Nigella sativa has been investigated for its anti-cancer effects. The pharmacological driving force behind beneficial properties of Nigella sativa is the quinone, thymoquinone (TQ). Much research has been done on anti-cancer effects of TQ in different cancers. However, for its effects in SCLC, a lone paper exists in the entire NCBI database. This necessitates more and detailed investigations.
Methods:
The current study examines impacts of TQ in vitro on 5 SCLC cell lines and in vivo in a nude mice xenograft model. The in vitro effects of TQ on SCLC (a) cell viability were determined through MTT assay and crystal violet assay; (b) apoptosis were measured via apoptosis marker phosphatidyl serine externalization through the annexin-V assay and mitochondrial membrane depolarization through the JC-1 assay; (c) cell cycle arrest via PI staining; (d) intracellular ROS levels through H2DCFDA staining, and protein expression in concomitant signaling pathways through western blotting. As for the in vivo effects of TQ on SCLC, (a) tumor weight and volume were determined, (b) selected protein expression in selected concomitant signaling pathways through western blotting.
Results:
TQ effectuated reduction in cell viability, induction of apoptosis and S-phase arrest, depletion of reactive oxygen species, and alteration of protein expressions in associated signaling pathways. Furthermore, TQ exhibited tumor suppressive effect in a H446 SCLC xenograft model.
Conclusions:
Cytotoxic impacts of TQ stemming from anti-cancer mechanisms have been elucidated. The positive results obtained in this study warrant consequential future research.
Cognitive and physical age-gaps in relation to mild cognitive impairment and behavioral phenotypes
Authors: Yu Junhong , Ng Ted Kheng Siang , Mahendran Rathi
Published: January 2023

Background: We can study how fast our biological aging clocks tick by calculating the difference (i.e., age-gaps) between machine learning estimations of biological age and chronological age. While this approach has been increasingly used to study various aspects of aging, few had applied this approach to study cognitive and physical age-gaps; not much is known about the behavioral and neurocognitive factors associated with these age-gaps. In the present study, we examined these age-gaps in relation to behavioral phenotypes and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: Participants (N=822, Agemean=67.6) were partitioned into equally-sized training and testing samples. Cognitive and physical age-prediction models were fitted using nine cognitive and eight physical fitness test scores, respectively, within the training samples, and subsequently used to estimate cognitive and physical age-gaps for each subject in the testing sample. These age-gaps were then compared among those with and without MCI, and correlated with 17 behavioral phenotypes in the domains of lifestyle, well-being, and attitudes.
Results: Across 5,000 random train-test split iterations, we showed that older cognitive and physical age-gaps were significantly associated with MCI (versus cognitively normal) and worse outcomes across several well-being and attitude-related measures. Both age-gaps were also significantly correlated with each other.
Conclusions: These results suggest accelerated cognitive and physical aging were linked to worse well-being and more negative attitudes about the self and others, and reinforce the link between cognitive and physical aging. Importantly, we have also validated the use of cognitive age-gaps in the diagnosis of MCI.
Physicochemical and antibacterial properties of Graphene Oxide-Silver/Graphene Oxide/Chitosan composite wound dressing
Authors: Liu HaoHuai , He ZhiZhou , Wang YuFei , Peng LingXi
Published: January 2023

Graphene oxide was prepared by the modified Hummers method and ultrasonic treatment, ammoniacal silver solution and glucose were added into graphene oxide suspension to prepare graphene oxide-silver (GO-Ag) nanoparticles. And then the achieved GO-Ag nanoparticles were incorporated into chitosan and graphene oxide to prepare graphene oxide-silver/graphene oxide /chitosan(GO-Ag/GO/CS) composites. The structure and properties of GO-Ag/GO/CS composite have been investigated by XRD, IR, TG, Tensile test, cytotoxicity test and antibacterial test. XRD and IR analysis indicated that GO-Ag was successfully compounded with graphene oxide and chitosan, the structure of GO-Ag was unchanged after being incorporation. Tensile test showed that the incorporation of graphene oxide into chitosan matrix can effectively improve the tensile strength of GO-Ag/GO/CS composite, especially the wet-state tensile strength. When incorporated of 4wt% GO into chitosan matrix, the wet-state tensile strengths of GO-Ag/GO/CS were improved by 214.3% compared with chitosan matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the incorporation of graphene oxide has a slight effect on the thermal stability of CS. The results of cytotoxicity test showed that the cytotoxicity levels of GO-Ag/GO/CS composites were all in the range of non-cytotoxic when the dosages of GO-Ag were changing from 3.0 mg to 6.0 mg, which satisfied the safety standards of biomaterials. The bacteriostatic rate of GO-Ag/GO/CS-5 group (contain 5mg GO-Ag) against Staphylococcus aureus can reach 98.31%, showing excellent bacteriostatic effect, which could be used for further experimental study.
Reversible Hyperintensity in Middle Cerebellar Peduncles, an infrequent finding in Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
Authors: Domínguez Daniel López , Casadevall Marc Puig , Bravo Gary Álvarez
Published: January 2023

Middle Cerebellar Peduncle sign (MCP-sign) is an infrequent finding in brain MRI, usually in the context of neurodegenerative pathologies, considered a classic sign of fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome. Its description in other entities is anecdotal. We present a case of Marchiafava-Bignami Disease (MBD), where reversible hyperintensity in MCP-sign is observed. A 59-year-old male, with history of alcoholism, presented subacute gait disturbance and cognitive deterioration, with progressive worsening over 3 months. On examination, we observed somnolence, dysarthria, cerebellar and sensory ataxia, and cognitive impairment (recovery-memory deficit, executive-attentional dysfunction). Brain MRI showed global thinning of the corpus callosum, T2 hyperintensity at the splenium and MCP-sign; findings described in MBD. The analytical study showed deficiency of folic acid and thiamine. Genetic study ruled out FMR1 premutation. Final diagnosis was probable MBD type B. Treatment with vitamin supplementation showed progressive clinical improvement. A follow-up brain MRI, 2 months after hospital discharge, highlights the resolution of MCP sign, but persistence of the findings in the corpus callosum. MBD is an infrequent pathology, associated with alcoholism and malnutrition, characterized by demyelinating lesions involving the corpus callosum. The few cases described demonstrate a highly variable clinical presentation. The MCP-sign has been described only in a few reports. In our case, good clinical and radiological response stands out after vitamin supplementation. The presence of MCP-sign should also suggest the possibility of MBD, and early vitamin and nutritional assessment should be performed, being an infrequent but treatable entity, with a potentially fatal course in the absence of treatment.
Antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated during cholera epidemics in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo between January 2011 and June 2022
Authors: NDEBA Patrick AYONGA , SHINGA Bruce WEMBULUA , WONE Fatimata , BARDIGUYO Alain-Bruno , DIALLO Lassina , MPINGA Jackson BYAMUNGU , KITUTU Henriette MULASI , SENGA Raphael KABANGWA KAKONGO , CISSE Viviane Marie-Pierre , TINE Roger Clément Kouly
Published: January 2023

Background
Although the mainstay of cholera treatment remains rehydration, treatment with antibiotics is recommended in serious forms and on specific sites. However, since the late 1970s, resistance to antibiotics in strains of Vibrio cholerae (Vc) has been observed and now threatens the effective treatment and control of cholera.
Objective and Methods
This cross-sectional, retro-prospective, descriptive and analytical study aims to describe the long-term evolution of the antibiotic resistance profile of Vibrio choleraeO1 strains isolated at the provincial public health laboratory of North Kivu during cholera epidemics in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2022.
Results
A total of 4832 isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 were collected, more than half of them (72.46%, n=3175) in the province of North Kivu. Of the 3 serotypes, Vc O1 Inaba was the majority (57.6%, n=2522). Among the 4382 strains of Vc O1, very high levels of resistance were found to ampicillin (74.7%), nalidixic acid (83.8%), erythromycin (73.6%), chloramphenicol (68.8%) and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (82%). A resistance of 30% (1316/4382) was found to doxycycline, a molecule recommended by the WHO as first-line in the treatment of cholera. We found 27 different resistance profiles (MDR) with respect to the 5 main molecules recommended in anticholera therapy. In the analytical study, we observed a statistically significant evolution over time (p=0.000) of these MDR profiles, including 5% in 2011 against nearly 40% between 2021 and 2022; with a distribution statistically dependent on age (p=0.0003) including 57.4% of cases in children under 15 (27% in those under 5); with a predominance (69%) in the province of North Kivu.
Conclusion
The resistance of Vibrio cholerae 01 to common antibiotics is high in eastern DRC and tends to increase over time. The abusive and inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the major causes of this emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Close monitoring and measures for the proper use of antibiotics will be necessary to stem this scourge.
High regeneration may not contribute to the forest’s carbon storage: A case study in the mangrove forest of Rajang-Belawai-Paloh delta, Sarawak
Authors: Noweg Tonga , Nelson Julia , Lip H. M. , Yeo Shu Jun , Keleman Alfred , Philip Bridgette
Published: January 2023

The alarming rate of the mangrove ecosystem loss poses a threat of losing valuable carbon sinks. This study was conducted to (i) determine the trend of growth in different vegetation types and (ii) compare the aboveground biomass (AGB) and carbon storage in different vegetation types. The study was conducted at four vegetation types within the Rajang-Belawai-Paloh delta i.e., Matured Bakau-Berus Forest (MBBF), Bakau-Nipah Forest (BNF), Regenerating Forests (Debris pile) [RF-D], and Regenerating Forests (Machinery track) [RF-M]. Inventory plots (20 m X 20 m) are systematically located along the main waterways and smaller rivers/streams. Trees (≥5 cm diameter-at-breast height [DBH]), seedlings (<2 cm stem diameter), and saplings (2-4.9 cm stem diameter) were measured. The trend of total trees per hectare is found to be decreasing across the least disturbed vegetation (MBBF) to the most disturbed vegetation (RF-M). The trends of total seedlings and saplings per hectare are found to be going upwards from the least disturbed vegetation to the most disturbed vegetation. Kruskal-Wallis H-test showed that there is a significant difference in the AGB and carbon storage between different vegetation types, χ2(2) = 43.98, p = 0.00 with the highest mean rank AGB and carbon storage in BNF (612.20 t/ha) and lowest in RF-M (287.85 t/ha). It can be concluded that although the most disturbed vegetations have higher regeneration, it may not contribute to the forest’s carbon storage The naturally regenerated seedlings may not grow beyond the sapling stage unless sustainable forest management is conducted to ensure survivability and growth.
Moore-Penrose geometric Quasi-Mean For Conditional Operators.
Authors: Sohrabi Morteza , Jabbarzadeh Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we establish several inequalities concerning to theMoore-Penrose geometric quasi-mean A℗ν B=||BA†|ν A|2 for boundedconditional operator A and B in L2 (Σ), where A hasclosed range and ν≥ 0. In addition, we discuss some measuretheoretic characterizations for conditional operators in someoperator classes.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47A63, 47A30.
Mitral valve transcriptome analysis in thirty-four age-matched Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with or without myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Reimann Maria J. , Cremer Signe , Christiansen Liselotte , Ibragimov Emil , Gao Fei , Cirera Susanna , Fredholm Merete , Olsen Lisbeth H. , Karlskov-Mortensen Peter
Published: January 2023

We here report the results of a mitral valve transcriptome study designed to identify genes and molecular pathways involved in development of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs. The study is focused on a cohort of elderly age-matched dogs (n=34, age ~10 years) from a single breed – Cavalier King Charles Spaniels – with a high incidence of MMVD. The cohort comprises 19 dogs (10♀, 9♂) without MMVD, or with early stages of MMVD, and 15 dogs (6♀, 9♂) with congestive heart failure caused by MMVD. I.e. we compare gene expression in breed and age matched groups of dogs, which only differ with respect to severity of disease. We identify 56 genes, which are differentially expressed between the two groups. In this list of genes, we confirm an enrichment of genes related to the TNFβ signaling pathway, extracellular matrix organization, vascular development, and endothelium damage, which also have been identified in previous studies. However, the genes with the greatest difference in expression between the two groups areCNTN3andMYH1. Both genes encode proteins, which are predicted to have an effect on the contractile activity of myocardial cells, which in turn may have an effect on valvular performance and hemodynamics across the mitral valve. This may result in shear forces with impact on MMVD progression.