bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arte e política no Recife pré-1964: o Teatro Popular do Nordeste de Hermilo Borba Filho e de Ariano Suassuna
Authors: Reis Luís Augusto da Veiga Pessoa
Published: August 2021

Este artigo propõe uma breve reflexão sobre as relações entre a arte e a política, enfocando um momento particularmente tenso e instigante na história do teatro em Pernambuco: a montagem da peça A bomba da paz, escrita e dirigida por Hermilo Borba Filho, em 1962, pelo Teatro Popular do Nordeste (TPN), grupo idealizado pelo próprio Hermilo, em parceria com o dramaturgo Ariano Suassuna.
Movimentos sociais, frames e cognição: uma revisão crítica, Teun A. van Dijk
Authors: Mozdzenzki Leonardo , Cavalcanti Laura Jorge Nogueira , Andrade Adriano Dias de
Published: August 2021

Como parte de uma série de revisões críticas nas pesquisas acerca dos frames em estudos sobre movimentos sociais, este artigo examina os aspectos cognitivos dos movimentos sociais. Após um breve resumo sobre alguns conceitos da teoria cognitiva, apresentando noções como modelos mentais, conhecimento socialmente partilhado, atitudes e ideologias, os aspectos cognitivos de alguns estudos sobre frames de movimentos sociais serão criticamente revisados. Primeiramente, estabelece-se que, embora tenha sido escolhida uma perspectiva cognitiva na definição de frames como “enquadres interpretativos” – como em Goffman (1974) –, não será desenvolvida aqui nenhuma definição ou elaboração mais aprofundada sobre a natureza cognitiva, as estruturas e funções desses frames. O que será mostrado é que sempre que os frames são usados para descrever ou explicar formas de cognição, na verdade, outras noções estão sendo referidas, tais como objetivos, valores e ideologias e, dessa forma estão sendo obscurecidas. Mais especificamente, este trabalho se concentra em alguns estudos sobre movimentos sociais que abordam ideologias e conclui que essas pesquisas são influenciadas apenas tangencialmente por estudos sobre ideologia em outras áreas. Isso repercute especialmente no caso de estudos acerca da estrutura e das funções do conhecimento dos movimentos sociais – uma perspectiva praticamente ignorada nos estudos de frames de movimentos sociais e apenas marginalmente tratada dentro de uma sociologia do conhecimento dos movimentos sociais. Em resumo, o estudo dos aspectos cognitivos dos movimentos sociais ainda está na sua infância, e os estudos de frames quase não contribuem para essa abordagem.
ALIEKSIÊI KARAMÁZOV E A BUSCA PELA TOTALIDADE PERDIDA
Authors: Brito Luciana , Dutra da Silva Ana Gabriela
Published: August 2021

Com o surgimento do mundo burguês, a epopeia desaparece para dar lugar a uma nova forma literária, capaz de lidar com a sociedade burguesa – o romance. O gênero romanesco, habitado por uma personalidade que, além de errante, é solitária e tem como tarefa individual a busca pela verdade, torna-se, assim, o texto representativo da era moderna. Tal gênero, então, passa a ser a epopeia de um mundo abandonado por Deus, no qual um herói degradado sai em busca de uma totalidade perdida, como é o caso da personagem a ser estudada neste artigo, Alieksiêi Karamázov.
Echinococcus granulosus Antibodies in Dogs and Breeder practices promoting spread of infection in Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Weka Rebecca P.
Published: August 2021

Background: Echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic disease of public health significance, but there have been few studies of the infection in dogs in Nigeria. This study aimed to establish the seroprevalence of E. granulosus in dogs in four Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 179 dog sera were examined for the presence of E. granulosus antibody using an ELISA kit between May to October 2017. Results; Eleven of the sera (6.1%) were seropositive with a prevalence of 7.4% and 2.3% for dogs less than 2 years and those above 2 years of age respectively. More male dogs (7.5%) than females (4.1%) were seropositive. Seroprevalence was associated with <2years than > 2 years dogs (OR=3.33, p=0.46) and male than female dogs (OR=1.90, p=0.53) but association were not significant. Dogs from Bassa had the highest seroprevalence (15.2%), followed by Mangu (5.9%), Kanke (4.8%) and Jos South (2.0%). Odds ratio showed an association which was not significant between Bassa (OR=3.3), Kanke (OR=2.50). Conclusion: This study shows that E. granulosus infection is present in dogs in some parts of Plateau State. More studies should be done to ascertain echinococcus infection in dogs in Nigeria to aid the formulation of control programmes to forestall its public health impacts.
The South African Developmental Appraisal System (DAS) : implementational problems arising from the perception of DAS by educators at the four secondary schools of the central circuit in Inanda District, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Masikana Sifiso Lucky Matthews
Published: August 2021

This research investigates the South African Developmental Appraisal System (DAS). It is concerned with exposing implementation problems arising from its perception by educators in four secondary schools in the Central Circuit of the Inanda District ofKwaZulu-Natal.
'Swag' : an ethnographic study of izikhothane fashion identity
Authors:   , Memela Busisiwe Sanelisiwe
Published: August 2021

Skhothane is defined by ostentatious performances that involve dance, ‘dissing’ and flamboyant dress. The following study identifies and analyses the neo-tribe’s fashion codes in order to understand more thoroughly how and why these are constructed as well as to shed light on subcultural phenomena in South African township culture. The idea of neo-tribes such as skhothane and hip-hop being counterculture has become challenged by the increasing influence of mass culture on the youth -especially in post-apartheid South Africa, where media dictates on lifestyle and identities are continually evolving. This qualitative research project aims at uncovering the stylistic nuances of the Skhothane neo-tribe. It further maps out the factors that inform how the members negotiate and express their identity using fashion. In this respect, phenomenological epistemology was appropriate as it lent itself to the deep inquiry into the culture’s identity from the perspective of its members. The ethnographic research methods of observation, journaling and interview were employed on the study sample of 9 participants belonging to the Italian Gates skhothane crew, in order to explore the fashion identities of Skhothanes. The common defining feature of the Italian Gates skhothane fashion performances is the acquisition and pageant-like display of members’ perceived wealth through colourful Italian branded clothing. In this study’s sample, the practice of vandalism on consumer goods is a rarity and is understood as being an uncommon skhothane performance. Instead, the idea of vandalism being inherent to the culture seems to have gained notoriety through subjective media coverage. The overall findings of the study indicate that the self-reflexive identities of the skhothane Italian Gates group make the participants intertextual authors in their use of luxury clothes to portray the image of their desired affluence and social positions. The existence of the skhothane neo-tribe reaffirms the reality of a postmodern society but more so it demonstrates a shift in the identities of young black South Africans. The study has provided terminologies relevant to neo-tribal phenomena that are defined by consumerism and performance in the context of fashion.
COOPERATIVE R&D WITH DIFFERENTIATED PRODUCTS IN VERTICALLY RELATED INDUSTRIES
Authors: Pourkarimi Parisa
Published: August 2021

This paper studies the impact of cooperative R&Don
innovation, welfare, and profitability in vertically
related industries with differentiated products. The
model incorporates two vertically related industries,
with horizontal spillovers within industries and
vertical spillovers between them. Upstream firms
produce a homogeneous intermediate good, while
downstream firms provide differentiated products.
Three types of R&D cooperation are studied: no
cooperation, horizontal cooperation, and vertical
cooperation. The comparison of cooperation settings
in terms of R&D and profitability shows that
although vertical cooperation yields higher
innovation and welfare, it may lead to over–
investment in R&D.
Bosnian Drama and Theater: Some Literary and Theatrical Aspects
Authors: Bašović Almir
Published: August 2021

This text is an introduction to the thematic block of the journal Social Sciences and Humanities Studies on the literary and theatrical aspects of Bosnian drama and theater. It recalls the presence of theatrical and sub-theatrical phenomena on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina in antiquity, and then lists the specifics of Bosnian culture in the Middle Ages, from which arises a specific relationship to drama and theater. The attitude of Islamic culture towards theater and drama significantly influenced the status that drama has even after the departure of the Ottoman Empire from Bosnia and Herzegovina. With the arrival of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, there are significant differences concerning European civic theater. Through the most important conclusions from the individual texts that make up this block, the status that Bosnian drama has in our theatrical culture is pointed out.
Verbs and Grammatical Idioms of Turkish Origin in the Epic Song the Wedding of Smailagić Meho by Avdo Međedović
Authors: Ajdinović Mehović Amina
Published: August 2021

This paper examines Turcisms, specifically verbs and grammatical idioms, in the epic “The wedding of Smailagić Meho” by Avdo Međedović. The analysis is aimed at identifying and exploring Turkish loan verbs and grammatical idioms in the epic, as well as establishing whether there are some examples of these Turcisms characteristics of the poetic voice-poet Međedović himself to be noted. In this paper, the analytic-synthetic and comparative methods of analysis were employed as the analytic tools. The verbs were categorized into two categories, based on their formation. The first group comprises the verbs with a Turkish infinitival or perfective root and the suffix -isati, while the second group comprises the verbs formed from Turkish nouns and the suffix -ati, -ovati, -iti. The structures treated as grammatical idioms in this paper contain either a Turkish noun or (rarely) an adjective and some Bosnian verb. Based on their formation, these structures correspond to Turkish complex verbs. The analysis results indicate that there is an abundance of grammatical idioms in the examined epic, many of which, however, are characteristics of the author himself.
The Principle of Constituency of Peoples: An Obstacle to the Achievement of Popular Sovereignty in Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Authors: Omerdić Dženeta
Published: August 2021

Before the socio-political communities are posted, a very demanding task of defining the subject on whose name will behalf political power is implemented over a given state territory. However, the question about the subject of sovereignty should in no case be misunderstood as an issue of simply theoretical approach. The level of a state’s democracy, as well as its ability to realize internal and external sovereignty, depends entirely on fact: does the power belong to the People and whether it derives from the People. In other words, the issue of popular sovereignty is a substantial, constitutive element of modern democratic states.
When we speak about contemporary Bosnia and Herzegovina, the functionality of the entire state government is often hindered by the complex decision-making processes at all state levels which lead to obstruction of the entire decision-making process. Such a dysfunctional decision-making process on the state level poses a threat and disables the Bosnian plural society to respond to the modern challenges of a democratic functioning state. The legal nature of Bosnian society is determined by the existence of constituent people who have “usurped” the entire decision-making process. There is still no end in sight to the struggle that leads to an oligarchy of the ruling elites; furthermore, there is still no appropriate socio-political mechanism that will enhance the accountability of the representatives to their voters; it is still inconceivable that decisions of state authorities are effectively and consistently implemented throughout the national territory. In other words, there is still no appropriate mechanism that will enhance the principle of popular sovereignty.
It is necessary to “offer” Bosnia and Herzegovina’s pluralism and its political tradition a form of democratic authority which in no way should be a cliché. Furthermore, it may not be one of the “copy-paste” models of democratic authority. Currently, citizens of B&H are completely suspended (de facto, there are only citizens of entities). In the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbs are suspended, while in the Republika Srpska, Bosniacs and Croats cannot equally participate in the decision-making process. An unfinished process of implementation of the Dayton Agreement and, in particular, Annex 4 (the Constitution of B&H), whose provisions permit discrimination against the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the impossibility of the realization of the principle of equality in the exercise of universal suffrage), as well as the non-application of the Decision of the European Court of Human Rights contributes and is conducive to further segmentation of Bosnian society.
Damage in International Law: Precondition For State and International Organization Responsibility?
Authors: Omerović Enis
Published: August 2021

The first chapter of the paper elaborates the question of whether one of the constitutive elements of the internationally wrongful act and a precondition for responsibility could be embodied in an existence of damage that has to be inflicted upon participants with international legal personality. In this regards legal doctrine, the arbitral awards, international judgments as well as the works of the UN International Law Commission will be examined, particularly the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts and the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organisations
from 2001 and 2011, respectively. An interesting question could be raised concerning the terms used in Law on Responsibility and that is whether there is a difference between damage, injury, and unlawful consequence.
Punitive or penal damage and its application in Law on Responsibility will be further assessed. The author will begin its research with the definition of punitive damage, and will further take into consideration international legal doctrine, international arbitral awards, judicial decisions of international courts, decisions of various claims commissions as well as norms of general international law in supporting his hypothesis that international law does not entail reparations for punitive damages. One of the aims of this paper is to indicate the question of whether the existence of punitive damages in international law, if any, be linked to a legal nature of State and international organization responsibility, in the sense that application of punitive damages in international law would support the thesis on the very existence of criminal responsibility of the named subjects of international law? It is interesting to note that the criminal responsibility of states has been abandoned by the removal of Article 19 in the final Draft Articles on Responsibility of States.
Challenges for a New Role and New Teacher Competencies: Distance Teaching Experiences
Authors: Đorđić Dejan , Šimonji Černak Ruženjka , Beljanski Mila
Published: August 2021

The results of researches on distance teaching from the teacher’s aspect during the state of emergency are presented in this paper, there are the teachers of primary schools, from the territory of Vojvodina (Serbia). The aim is to answer questions about how the respondents assess competencies for distance learning, job satisfaction, and how demanding are the different teaching platforms. The sample consisted of 574 teachers. The questionnaire The teacher’s and educator’s thoughts and experiences on distance teaching during the state of emergency was used. The questionnaire was distributed online. The data was collected from April 2020 until the end of the school year. Respondents assess that they have technical and IT competencies, acquired in informal education and that they need further education. Distance teaching is a professional challenge and is stressful, and the vast majority of respondents prefer regular teaching. The stress level is higher, more work, student engagement, and clarity of expectations from teachers are reduced. Respondents most often used already known communication channels during distance teaching: mail and Viber.
Sociological Approach to Journalism And Media: News Production
Authors: Džihana Amer
Published: August 2021

This paper points out the importance of a sociological approach to the study of journalism and media. The focus is on the sociological view of the news production process. How do organizational and professional requirements shape and limit journalistic work in news production? Some of the main concepts and interests of the sociological approach are presented, such as gatekeeping, personal characteristics of journalists, social control in newsrooms, relations between journalists and their sources, the issue of journalistic paraideology, and then these issues are discussed in the context of current journalism and media in BiH. The findings of this paper suggest that the meaning of the concept of gatekeeping in light of the dominance of Internet platforms needs to be explored; that we still don’t have a good enough picture of the people who produce the news in BiH; that the issue of social control in newsrooms should be reconsidered in the light of newsroom cutbacks. In addition, research is needed on the nature of the links between journalists and their sources, and the issue of journalistic paraideology in BiH should be examined in the context of reducing the gap between professional journalism and other forms of content production, but also through examination of inherited forms of patriotic journalism.
Deepfake Phenomenon: An Advanced Form of Fake News and Its Implications on Reliable Journalism
Authors: Vatreš Amina
Published: August 2021

In the era of distinctly new media-marked social reality, the process of dissemination of disinformation is becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. As one of the technological innovations that stands out in this field is the deepfake phenomenon – a hyper-realistic digital falsification of video and audio formats. Since it is based on the most sophisticated technology, supported by achievements in the field of artificial intelligence, deepfake unequivocally represents a kind of turning point in the context of production and distribution of fake audio-visual content. To poly perspective point to the multiple repercussions of this phenomenon, the paper provides a deeper insight into the very definition and the specific factors that contribute to the acceptance of deepfake, with special emphasis on its implications on reliable journalism and its social function. The text articulates the role of deepfake in the process of creating and receiving media content, as well as the problem of the emergence of erosion of public trust within a hyperreal media environment.
Globalization of Sports on the Example Of The Five Most Popular European Football Leagues with an Emphasis on Premiership - Geographical Overview
Authors: Lončar Jelena , Špehar Ema
Published: August 2021

Globalization has had and still has a comprehensive effect on all aspects of human life, including the part related to sports and recreation. Through the spread of information and communication technologies, especially new channels of information dissemination (such as social networks), but also the process of internationalization, liberalization, and modernization - it has enabled the availability of sports competitions, and the general presence of sports in all parts of the world. This is especially true of football as one of the most popular sports. This paper will try to provide a geographical and global framework for football change based on specific economic and financial data related to sponsors, branding, etc., through a case study of the English Premiership (also known as Premier League) compared to other football leagues in Europe (German Bundesliga, Spanish La Liga, Italian Serie A and French Ligue 1, the so-called Big Five). The paper presents three hypotheses to which the research of available literature and statistical data will try to answer. Through all the above mentioned, the research aims to determine whether and to what extent football has become a global sport by going beyond national frameworks and to what extent it has transformed itself in these modern and global frameworks.
Implications of the Repertoire of Croatian National Theatre in Mostar 1993-2005.
Authors: L Tina , Pandža Kristian
Published: August 2021

Croatian National Theatre in Mostar is a relatively new cultural institution when compared to other theatrical institutions. Turbulent incidents of newer Bosnian and Herzegovinian history, as well as historical, political and social changes, left their marks on all levels of the city of Mostar. Therefore, the repertoire of this Theatre, since it has been founded in 1994 (and was primarily named as „War Scene“), needs to be critically analyzed not only in relation to the reality of political and national occurrences of that period but also in comparison with theatrological specificities after the World War II. This paper questions the Theatre’s repertoire under those terms from 1993 to 2005.
Dancing in War. Perception of Theater in Wartime Sarajevo: Pippo Delbono, Giorgio Strehler and Peter Schumann
Authors: Čopra Aida
Published: August 2021

„When I went to Sarajevo, I met a boy“, Pippo Delbono tells us. They talked, and suddenly the boy told him, „I saw an entire city in anger. I’ve seen people become monsters“. And Delbono replied, „And I’ve seen people look at me like I’m a monster. And all the things that turn into monstrosity“. Traveling, for Delbono, is a life experience that turns into a theatrical one at the same time. In 1998, Delbono created a play called War. The story of the boy he meets during his trip to Sarajevo is an introduction to Delbono’s magical world of theater through which he expresses the need to present a life that is born from suffering, illness, war, but in which we still „dancing“. Danzare nella guerra, „dancing in the war“, for Delbono means to oppose the war to the beauty, joy, and poetics of the movement.
In 1995, Strehler directed a play called Mother Courage of Sarajevo based on the text written by Bertolt Brecht. For Strehler, Mother Courage of Sarajevo is not just a play, it is a symbol, a political act that portrays war as a human failure. Strehler based his vision of theater on Brecht’s epic theater. One year before, in 1993, with his puppet troupe, The Bread and Puppet, Peter Schumann came to Sarajevo to provide his support.
In the first place, we want to show how Delbono’s conception of theater and experience during his trip to Sarajevo intertwine with the primary goal of Sarajevo theater in those years, as „spiritual resistance“, „spiritual needs“, „call to heal wounded souls“, a „super theater“, as Izudin Bajrović calls him, in which theater and life were the same. Through Strehler’s theater, his relationship with Sarajevo, and the breaking of the „fourth wall“, we will talk about theater as research of those eternal human values, but also returning to humane theater. In the third place, through Schumann’s work, we will show how the external theatrical reality intertwines with the internal one as a feature of strong political engagement.
Los lugares sin nombre
Authors: Tordo João
Published: August 2021

La trilogía de Los lugares sin nombre tiene un espacio fundamental en la obra de João Tordo y en la literatura portuguesa contemporánea. Originalmente publicada en Portugal como tres volúmenes independientes, ha obtenido una gran acogida por parte de la crítica, constituyendo un giro en la propia voz narrativa del autor y confirmando una madurez y un talento extraordinarios dentro del panorama literario de la región. Al contrario de sus obras anteriores, en las que la resolución de un misterio solía ser el punto central de la narración, en este caso el autor se sumerge aún más en una geografía particular: la del alma humana, creando un clima introspectivo y escenarios intimistas que le permiten desarrollar temas tan universales como privados, como la tristeza o la pérdida. João Tordo, en esta trilogía, ha logrado crear un universo propio y verosímil, con una sonoridad que se propaga a lo largo de un tríptico de diversas voces sobre una misma inquietud o angustia: el miedo arraigado en todo ser humano a la soledad, a la pérdida y al sufrimiento.
AN EXAMINATION OF FACTORS LEADING TO THE COLLAPSE OF PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS IN GHANA: A CASE STUDY OF METRO MASS TRANSPORT
Authors: Mantey Isaac , Frempong Abigail , Aryee Christopher Lartei , Ampofo Justice Agyei
Published: August 2021

Tax payers money are been used every day in Ghana to establish public sector organizations. This is why the management of public sector organizations is important in sustainable development. The main objective of this study was to examine the factors leading to the collapse of Metro Mass Transit in Ghana. The study revealed literature on transportation, the role of the state in public transportation, the nature of Metro Mass Transit operations, management practice of Metro Mass Transit and challenges of the public transport system. The study purposively sampled sixty (60) respondents which comprises of 30 workers of Metro Mass Transit (10 Professional Drivers, 10 Senior Management Staff and 10 Junior Staff) and 30 passengers (comprising of 15 passengers from Metro Mass Transit, 5 passengers of OA Transport, 5 passengers of VIP Transport and 5 passengers from VISION Transport). The major findings of the study revealed that Metro Mass Transit offers scheduled trips on intercity and intra city route but does not offer quality transport services as private transport like OA, VIP and VISION does in Accra. The study also found out that passengers prefer private transport more to Metro Mass Transit because the workers have good communication skills as compared to the workers of Metro Mass Transit in Accra, Metro Mass Transit officials have inefficient managerial skills and therefore can’t meet the demands of their customers, Metro Mass Transit have inadequate operation buses, there is frequent breaking of Metro Mass Transit vehicles. The study recommends that the management of Metro Mass Transit should make proper use of Public Private Partnership. This can help in securing more buses to boost their operations. The study also recommends that the management of Metro Mass Transit should work on improving their management practices to enhance performance in other to meet the demand of their customers. Again the management of Metro Mass Transit should ensure that there is frequent maintenance of vehicles to enhance effective operations and also management must also try to maintain an optimum level of providing good communication and effective managerial skills in order to improve its operations.
 Keywords: Factors, Collapse, Public Sector Organizations, Metro Mass Transport, Ghana.
DISCURSOS DO AGRONEGÓCIO NA MÍDIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Alves Filho Manoel Sebastião , Piovezani Carlos
Published: August 2021

O trabalho pretende analisar discursos sobre a operação da Polícia Federal batizada de “Carne Fraca” produzidos pela mídia brasileira e materializados em textos de gênero jornalístico em jornais e revistas de circulação nacional. Para melhor compreendê-los, inclui a análise de publicidades produzidas pelo próprio agronegócio brasileiro. Com base na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa derivada de Michel Pêcheux e em contribuições de Michel Foucault, buscaremos identificar o que se diz sobre a produção do setor e como foram formulados os enunciados a seu respeito durante o período de efervescência do acontecimento. Para tanto, analisaremos uma reportagem produzida pelo EL PAÍS e intitulada de “Operação Carne Fraca: o esquema podre que ronda os frigoríficos no Brasil”, uma edição da Revista VEJA intitulada de “A implosão da carne: como a imprudência da Polícia Federal atingiu em cheio um dos maiores negócios do Brasil”, e dois slogans costumeiros da indústria: “Friboi: carne confiável tem nome” e “Presunto é Sadia”.
Water uptake patterns of pea and barley responded to drought but not to cropping systems
Authors: Sun Qing , Klaus Valentin H. , Wittwer Raphaël , Liu Yujie , van der Heijden Marcel G. A. , Gilgen Anna K. , Buchmann Nina
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Agricultural production is under threat of water scarcity due to increasingly frequent and severe drought events under climate change. Whether a change in cropping systems can be used as an effective adaptation strategy against drought is still unclear. We investigated how plant water uptake patterns of a field-grown pea-barley (Pisum sativum L. and Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture, an important fodder crop, responded to experimental drought under four cropping systems, i.e., organic intensive tillage, conventional intensive tillage, conventional no-tillage, and organic reduced tillage. Drought was simulated after crop establishment using rain shelters. Proportional contributions to plant water uptake from different soil layers were estimated based on stable water isotopes using Bayesian mixing models. Pea plants always took up proportionally more water from shallower depths than barley plants. Water uptake patterns of neither species were affected by cropping systems. Both species showed similar responses to the drought simulation and increased their proportional contributions from shallow soil layer (0–20 cm) in all cropping systems. Our results highlight the impact of drought on plant water uptake patterns for two important crop species and suggest that cropping systems might not be as successful as adaptation strategies against drought as previously thought.
OPEN GEODATA AND OPEN-SOURCE GIS IN THE CENTER FOR FOREST ECOLOGY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (CEPF RAS)
Authors: Podolskaia E. S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Open data and Open-source tools are widely and globally used in the activities of research institutions. Particularity of scientific projects at the Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CEPF RAS) includes ecology and productivity of forests in Russia. In order to emphasize and to develop the ecosystem functions, resources and environmental potential of Russian forests the Center uses geoinformational and remote sensing methods and tools. Logistically complex and economically costly ground access to the forest fires and forest resources is the specific feature of Russian forest domain. Open Data and Open Source tools have an essential methodological, technological meaning, as well as a potential for the forestry challenges in the country. We present an Open GeoData and Open Source GIS’s experience of ongoing activities devoted to the transport modelling (transport accessibility in the forests and emission of carbon dioxide). An “Open”-research direction extends the activities of the “Transportation Task” group by implementing OSM and QGIS with its plugins. CEPF popularizes Open data and Open Source in their geo-applications by giving lectures and publishing papers in the “Forest Science Issues” interdisciplinary journal.
ONE ARABESQUE IN THE SMALL WORLD OF OD WEBMAPS
Authors: Roelandt N. , Bahoken F. , Le Campion G. , Jégou L. , Maisonobe M. , Mericskay B. , Côme E.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Arabesque is an application for the exploration and geovisualisation of origin-destination flows (or spatial networks), developed within the framework of the Univ. Gustave Eiffel (ex. IFSTTAR)-funded research project geographic flow visualisation (gflowiz) geoflowiz, in collaboration with the CNRS. It allows both the exploration and the filtering of OD data and their representation, with a strong emphasis on geographic information layering and features' semiology. The key-objective is to propose an easy way to produce a modern cartography (a geovisualisation) of thematic flows (e.g. bilateral flow volume), at several geographic scales, even from your own datasets. The objective of this article is to position Arabesque in the range of geoweb applications for producing flow maps, by comparing its functionalities with those of similar web applications – Magrit, Kepler.gl, flowmap.blue – pointing out their respective advantages and limitations. The analysis of its functionalities is compared on the same flow dataset – MOBSCO, i.e. a dataset describing the school mobility of French pupils and students on a given year – for a practical and empirical “validation” of its contributions. We demonstrate that the configurations and appearances of these tools’ visual output depend largely on the culture of their developers, and on the use and audiences for which they have been developed.
AN OPEN-SOURCE CANOPY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM USING MACHINE-LEARNING TECHNIQUES WITHIN A PYTHON FRAMEWORK
Authors: Smith O. , Cho H.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Studying deforestation has been an important topic in forestry research. Especially, canopy classification using remotely sensed data plays an essential role in monitoring tree canopy on a large scale. As remote sensing technologies advance, the quality and resolution of satellite imagery have significantly improved. Oftentimes, leveraging high-resolution imagery such as the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery requires proprietary software. However, the lack of insight into the inner workings of such software and the inability of modifying its code lead many researchers towards open-source solutions. In this research, we introduce CanoClass, an open-source cross-platform canopy classification system written in Python. CanoClass utilizes the Random Forest and Extra Trees algorithms provided by scikit-learn to classify canopy using remote sensing imagery. Based on our benchmark tests, this new canopy classification system was 283 % to 464 % faster than commercial Feature Analyst, but it produced comparable results with a similarity of 87.56 % to 87.62 %.
ENABLING AIR QUALITY MONITORING WITH THE OPEN DATA CUBE: IMPLEMENTATION FOR SENTINEL-5P AND GROUND SENSOR OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Cedeno Jimenez J. R. , Oxoli D. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Nowadays, the amount of open geospatial data delivered e.g. by private and public entities, such as environmental agencies, enables outstanding possibilities to any user interested in investigating real-world phenomena. However, the availability of such information presents several challenges in terms of its practical use. These are mainly connected to the heterogeneity of data sources, formats and processing tools which have to be mastered by the user to obtain the desired results. As a relevant example, air quality monitoring requires the integration of multiple data with different spatial and temporal granularities that are often distributed by more than one provider using not uniform formats and access methods. Besides traditional air pollution ground sensors observations, novel data sources have emerged. Among them, the Sentinel-5P mission of the European Copernicus Programme is one of the most recent Earth Observation platforms providing estimates of air pollutants with daily global coverage. These estimates are promising to foster air quality analysis and monitoring by complementing ground sensors observations. Therefore, the development of data handling and analysis strategies – allowing users for a smooth integration of satellite and ground sensor observations – is key to support future air quality studies. To that end, the present work investigates the use of the Open Data Cube as a single data endpoint to incorporate ground sensors and satellite observations into local air pollution analyses. A preliminary implementation is presented using the Lombardy region (Northern Italy) as a case study.
MARITIME BIG DATA ANALYSIS WITH ARLAS
Authors: Gautier W. , Falquier S. , Gaudan S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The maritime industry has become a major part of globalization. Political and economic actors are meeting challenges regarding shipping and people transport. The Automatic Identification System (AIS) records and broadcasts the location of numerous vessels and delivers a huge amount of information that can be used to analyze fluxes and behaviors. However, the exploitation of these numerous messages requires tools based on Big Data principles.Acknowledgement of origin, destination, travel duration and distance of each vessel can help transporters to manage their fleet and ports to analyze fluxes and focus their investigations on some containers based on their previous locations. Thanks to the historical AIS messages provided by the Danish Maritime Authority and ARLAS PROC/ML, an open source and scalable processing platform based on Apache SPARK, we are able to apply our pipeline of processes and extract this information from millions of AIS messages. We use a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to identify when a vessel is still or moving and we create “courses”, embodying the travel of the vessel. Then we derive the travel indicators. The visualization of results is made possible by ARLAS Exploration, an open source and scalable tool to explore geolocated data. This carto-centered application allows users to navigate into the huge amount of enriched data and helps to take benefits of these new origin and destination indicators. This tool can also be used to help in the creation of Machine Learning algorithms in order to deal with many maritime transportation challenges.
THE ROLE OF OPEN-SOURCE PYTHON PACKAGE GEOSERVER-REST IN WEB-GIS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kshetri T. B. , Chaksan A. , Sharma S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This work describes geoserver-rest, an open-source python package that can manage the geospatial data in a geoserver which is helpful for uploading, editing, and deleting the raster/vector layers from various sources. It is also useful for generating the style/legend from the uploaded geospatial data. Thus, generated legend can be used for visualization of maps in the web-GIS platform. The package is successfully used to build the web-GIS portal for agricultural datasets of Afghanistan, which has around 6000 map layers. The main benefit that geoserver-rest provides to this project is the ability to upload the data to the geoserver and create the styles file dynamically. Thus, created style file are directly linked to the corresponding layer and provide the Web Mapping Service (WMS) standard and visualize in an interactive way.
Can the models keep up with the data? Possibilities of soil and soil surface assessment techniques in the context of process based soil erosion models – A Review
Authors: Epple Lea , Kaiser Andreas , Schindewolf Marcus , Eltner Anette
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Climate change, accompanied by intensified extreme weather events, results in changes in intensity, frequency and magnitude of soil erosion. These unclear future developments make adaption and improvement of soil erosion modelling approaches all the more important. Hypothesizing that models cannot keep up with the data, this review gives an overview of 44 process based soil erosion models, their strengths and weaknesses and discusses their potential for further development with respect to new and improved soil and soil erosion assessment techniques. We found valuable tools in areas, as remote sensing, tracing or machine learning, to gain temporal and spatial distributed high resolution parameterization and process descriptions which could lead to a more holistic modelling approach. Most process based models are so far not capable to implement cross-scale erosional processes or profit from the available resolution on a temporal and spatial scale. We conclude that models need further development regarding their process understanding, adaptability in respect to scale as well as their parameterization and calibration. The challenge is the development of models which are able to simulate soil erosion processes as close to reality as possible, as user-friendly as possible and as complex as it needs to be.
Thalassemia & Covid-19 In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan
Authors: Saima Abid  , Muhammad Tahir  , Noor Saba
Published: August 2021

Thalassemia is a preventable hereditary disorder,each of the parent must be autosomal recessive tohave a child with serious symptoms of the majordisease. Thalassemia occurs due to abnormal ordeficient Hemoglobin (an iron containing proteins)in Red Blood cells. Depending upon the type ofproteins involved, there are two types ofThalassemia, aThalassemia and (3 Thalassemia 12
Measuring Loss of Corneal Endothelial Cell Density and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.
Authors: Bakht Samar Khan  , Abid Nawaz  , Imran Ahmad  , Zaman Shah
Published: August 2021

Background: Primary open angle glaucoma is an irreversible disease causing a reduction in corneal endothelium cells mainlyresponsible for corneal clarity along withnerve fiber layer loss.ObjectiveiTo calculate loss of corneal endothelium density (CED) andretinalnerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness in Primary openangle glaucoma(POAG).Material and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in Khyber Teaching Hospital from April 2015 toDecember 2019. A total of 112 patients were included in the study through consecutive non-probability sampling technique.Patients were diagnosed with open angle glaucoma on the basis of intra ocular pressure (IOP), optic disc changes, visual fieldschanges and Optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. Corneal endothelium density and thickness of retinalnerve fiber layerwas calculated onthe basis of specular microscopy and OCT. These were compared with normalmatched values.Results: The POAG patients have average 17.12% CED and 34.73% RNFLthickness loss.Conclusion:It is observed that Corneal endothelial cell count may be evaluated along with nerve fiber layer thickness in Primaryopen angle glaucoma.Keywords.Specular microscopy, OCT, RNFL,POAG.
Intracapsular Thyroidectomy: Our Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Authors: Sharafat Ali Khan  , Ihsanullah  , Muhammad Usman  , Inayatullah  , Shafiq Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Background: Goiter is the common endocrine disease encountered in ENT practice .Surgery is one of the main line of treatment.Commonly performed procedures for benign thyroid disease are conventionally performed with extra capsular approach andmandatory identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands .Intracapsular thyroidectomy is the emergingtechnique and there is an ongoing debate among the clinicians using intracapsular thyroidectomy and its complications especiallyrecurrent laryngealnerve injury.Objective: To evaluate the results of intracapsular thyroidectomy in the management of benign thyroid diseases.Material and Methods: This Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in ENT Department, Saidu Group of TeachingHospitals, Saidu Sharif Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan from January 17, 2017 to April 21, 2019. A total of 90 patients ofbenign thyroid diseases who underwent intracapsular thyroidectomy during the period were included in the study. The datacollectedthrough predesignedPerforma was analyzed with SPSS version 22 for results.Results: Among 90 patients 72 % were female and 28 % were male .The mean age was 38± 2 years.Multinodular goiterwas 71 %,diffuse nontoxic goiter was 16% and solitary thyroid nodule was 13%.AII the goiters were having benign pathology. Totalthyroidectomy was performed on 47%.near total thyroidectomy was performed on 36 % and 17% patients underwenthemithyroidectomy.Among the complications transient hypocalcaemia was noted in 3%, temporary voice changes in 2 %.seromaformation and wound infection each in 1% patients while no complications were observed in the majority of cases.Conclusion: We concluded that Intracapsular thyroidectomy and early division of isthmus and medial to lateral dissection ofthyroid gland alongthe trachea is a safe and effective procedure with low complicationrate in benignthyroid disease.Keywords: Benign Thyroid Diseases, Intracapsular Thyroidectomy, Complications.
RIPASA Score; Its Sensitivity, Specificity in Diagnosing Suspected Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Imtiaz Ahmad Khattak  , Waleed Mabood  , Muhammad Naeem  , Sohaib Ali  , Muhammad Adnan Khan Khattak
Published: August 2021

Background: Among acute emergencies, the most commonly occurring one is Acute appendicitis. Scoring systems have beendeveloped such as Alvarado and Modified Alvarado Scores. RIPASA Score has a higher sensitivity in the Asian population set.Thus, came about the plan of our examination to try things out with this new score and to check whether it undoubtedly performswellto the undertaking.Objectives To determine the sensitivity, specificity of the 16-point RIPASA scoring system in diagnosing suspected acuteappendicitis and its validationin correlation with histopathology.Material and Methods: The study was carried out in Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar Pakistan from January 2018 to June2018, Department of General Surgery. A total of 322 patients were included in the study. In ED, resident surgeons filled in theRIPASA Score proforma by taking a detailed history and doing a physical examination, and running labs along withultrasonography. The decisionto perform appendectomy was solelytaken bythe senior registrar which was the final decision andthe sample was sent forH/P later on.Results: Of the 322, patients who went through the surgery for acute appendicitis, 188 (58.4%) were male and 134 (41.6%) werefemale, 284(88.2%) had positive histopathology reports and 38 (11.8%) had a negative report. The sensitivity of the RIPASA Scoreat a cut-off value of 8.0 was 97.98%,with the specificity of 77%, and Positive Predictive value of 97.52%,and a Negative PredictiveValue of 86.3%.Conclusion: The clinical implication of RIPASA score is found to be more beneficial than the traditional Alvarado scoring system,thus could bringthe complications rates of appendectomy to significantly lowerfigures.Keywords: Acute Appendicitis,Alvarado Score,RIPASA Score,AsianPopulation, Sensitivity, Specificity