bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Role of circRNAs in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wu Wei , Zou Jun
Published: September 2021

Objective. Provide a reference to elucidate the mechanism of circRNAs regulating osteoarthritis (OA) and the clinical treatment. Methods. Herein, articles about circRNAs (hsa‐circ) and osteoarthritis in the recent 5 years have been reviewed and the differential expression and regulatory effect of circRNAs in OA deduced. Based on these conclusions and Protein‐Protein Interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the acquired circRNAs, the potential functions and interactions of circRNAs in OA and the involved signaling pathways are discussed. Results. A total of 33 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this study, and 27 circRNAs were upregulated and 8 circRNAs were downregulated in OA. A total of 31 circRNAs were finally included in the PPI, GO, and KEGG analyses. From PPI, 12 map nodes and 7 map edges were interrelated. VWF had the biggest node and edge size. From GO, VWF showed a majority of the functions. From KEGG, circRNAs are enriched in PI3K/AKT, human papillomavirus infection (HPI), and focal adhesion (FA) pathways, and VWF was involved in major pathways. Conclusion. We found that most articles about circRNAs regulating OA in the recent 5 years focused on the mechanism, especially the absorption effect of circ‐miRNA as sponges in the recent 2 years, while most of the articles about their functions addressed ECM and PI3K, AKT, and mTOR signaling pathways. Future studies might focus on the functions of circRNAs, and circRNA VWF, with preferable functions, interactions, and involvement, can be used as a biological indicator to detect OA in clinical practice.
Efficacy of Etimicin Sulfate Combined with Cefotaxime Sodium in the Treatment of Patients with Septic Shock and Effect on Serum Inflammatory Factor Levels and Immune Function
Authors: Pang Songqiang , Song Yao , Yang Jinqiang , Li Sen , He Yaqiang , Luo Gongtang
Published: September 2021

Objective. To explore the effect of etimicin sulfate combined with cefotaxime sodium and cefotaxime sodium alone in the treatment of patients with septic shock and the effect on serum inflammatory factor levels and immune function. Methods. Total of 95 patients with septic shock who were treated in our hospital from March 2018 to July 2020 were collected as the subjects of this study. Among them, 44 patients who received cefotaxime sodium treatment and were included in the control group, and 51 patients who received etimicin sulfate combined with cefotaxime sodium treatment were included in the research group. The levels of serum IL-6 (interleukin-6), PCT (procalcitonin), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), CD3+ (cluster of differentiation 3+), CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, FIB (fibrinogen), and PT (prothrombin time), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) time before and after treatment, and the treatment effects, mechanical ventilation time, hospitalization time, and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups were compared. Results. The total effective rate of treatment in the research group (90.20%) was higher than the control group (72.73%) (

p
<
0.05

). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-6, PCT, and TNF-α, FIB, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and PT and APTT time in the two groups of patients have improved significantly (

p
<
0.05

). Compared with the control group, the research group’s IL-6, PCT, TNF-α levels, PT, and APTT decreased more, and FIB, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels increased more (

p
<
0.05

). The mechanical ventilation time and hospital stay of the research group were significantly shorter than the control group (

p
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference between the total incidence of adverse reactions in the research group (15.69%) and the control group (9.09%) (

p
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Compared with cefotaxime sodium alone, the treatment of etimicin sulfate combined with cefotaxime sodium is more effective in improving the coagulation function and cellular immune function of patients with septic shock, reducing the level of serum inflammatory factors, and having higher clinical treatment effective.
The Effects of Geocell Height and Lime Stabilization on Unpaved Road Settlements at Different Water Contents
Authors: Pancar Erhan Burak , Kumandaş Aytuğ
Published: September 2021

In this study, lime stabilization and geocell reinforcement methods were investigated for a clayey subgrade of unpaved road at different water contents. This study is especially important in terms of determining the soil improvement method for road construction on wet lands. The effects of the geocell height (50, 100, 150, and 200 mm) and lime content (3, 6, and 12%) on the settlement of the subgrade soil at different water contents (25, 28, 30, 32, and 35%) were analyzed. Accordingly, a large scale plate loading test was designed, and it is utilized to achieve loading‐settlement curves. The bearing capacity and modulus of subgrade (k) of soil were determined. It was detected that the geocell height and lime content have different effects at different water contents, and the modulus of subgrade reaction became stable beyond a constant height of the geocell. It was understood that none of these two improvements did not meet the Highways Technical Specifications. It is detected that at least these two improvement techniques are needed to be applied together to meet the specifications for the soil examined in this study.
Differential Effect of Antioxidants Glutathione and Vitamin C on the Hepatic Injuries Induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infection
Authors: Kauffmann Nayara , da Penha Luana K. R. L. , Braga Danielle V. , Ataíde Brenda J. A. , Mendes Nivia S. F. , de Sousa Laiane P. , da Souza Givago S. , Passos Adelaide C. F. , Batista Evander J. O. , Herculano Anderson M. , Oliveira Karen R. H. M.
Published: September 2021

Malaria is a life‐threatening disease caused by Plasmodium and represents one of the main public health problems in the world. Among alterations associated with the disease, we highlight the hepatic impairment resulting from the generation of oxidative stress. Studies demonstrate that liver injuries caused by Plasmodium infection are associated with unbalance of the antioxidant system in hepatocytes, although little is known about the role of antioxidant molecules such as glutathione and vitamin C in the evolution of the disease and in the liver injury. To evaluate disease complications, murine models emerge as a valuable tool due to their similarities between the infectious species for human and mice. Herein, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of antioxidants glutathione and vitamin C on the evolution of murine malaria and in the liver damage caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Mice were inoculated with parasitized erythrocytes and treated with glutathione and vitamin C, separately, both at 8 mg/kg during 7 consecutive days. Our data showed that during Plasmodium infection, treatment with glutathione promoted significant decrease in the survival of infected mice, accelerating the disease severity. However, treatment with vitamin C promoted an improvement in the clinical outcomes and prolonged the survival curve of infected animals. We also showed that glutathione promoted increase in the parasitemia rate of Plasmodium‐infected animals, although treatment with vitamin C has induced significant decrease in parasitemia rates. Furthermore, histological analysis and enzyme biochemical measurement showed that treatment with glutathione exacerbates liver damage while treatment with vitamin C mitigates the hepatic injury induced by the infection. In summary, the current study provided evidences that antioxidant molecules could differently modulate the outcome of malaria disease; while glutathione aggravated the disease outcome and liver injury, the treatment with vitamin C protects the liver from damage and the evolution of the condition.
[Retracted] Music Waveform Analysis Based on SOM Neural Network and Big Data
Authors: Zhang Xinmei
Published: September 2021

Music is an indispensable part of our life and study and is one of the most important forms of multimedia applications. With the development of deep learning and neural network in recent years, how to use cutting‐edge technology to study and apply music has become a research hotspot. Music waveform is not only the main form of music frequency but also the basis of music feature extraction. This paper first designs a method of note extraction based on the fast Fourier transform principle of the audio signal packet route under the self‐organizing map (SOM neural network) which can accurately extract the musical features of the note, such as amplitude, loudness, period, and so on. Secondly, the audio segments are divided into summary by adding window moving matching method, and the music features such as amplitude, loudness, and period of each bar are obtained according to the performance of audio signal in each bar. Finally, according to the similarity of the audio music theory of the adjacent summary of each bar, the audio segments are divided, and the music features of each segment are obtained. The traditional recurrent neural network (RNN) is improved, and the SOM neural network is used to recognize the audio emotion features. The final experimental results show that the proposed method based on SOM neural network and big data can effectively extract and analyze music waveform features. Compared with previous studies, this paper creatively proposed a new algorithm, which can more accurately and quickly extract and analyze the data sound waveform, and used SOM neural network to analyze the emotion model contained in music for the first time.
Recognition Method of Vehicle Cluster Situation Based on Set Pair Logic considering Driver’s Cognition
Authors: Liu Shijie , Wang Xiaoyuan , Bai Chenglin , Shi Huili , Zhang Yang , Zhong Fusheng , Liu Yaqi
Published: September 2021

The recognition of vehicle cluster situations is one of the critical technologies of advanced driving, such as intelligent driving and automated driving. The accurate recognition of vehicle cluster situations is helpful for behavior decision‐making safe and efficient. In order to accurately and objectively identify the vehicle cluster situation, a vehicle cluster situation model is proposed based on the interval number of set pair logic. The proposed model can express the traffic environment’s knowledge considering each vehicle’s characteristics, grouping relationships, and traffic flow characteristics in the target vehicle’s interest region. A recognition method of vehicle cluster situation is designed to infer the traffic environment and driving conditions based on the connection number of set pair logic. In the proposed model, the uncertainty of the driver’s cognition is fully considered. In the recognition method, the relative uncertainty and relative certainty of driver’s cognition, traffic information, and vehicle cluster situation are fully considered. The verification results show that the proposed recognition method of vehicle cluster situations can realize accurate and objective recognition. The proposed anthropomorphic recognition method could provide a basis for vehicle autonomous behavior decision‐making.
Spontaneous Splenic Rupture due to Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Politis D. , Myoteri D. , Bourou M. , Nastos C. , Papaconstantinou I. , Dellaportas D.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Nontraumatic splenic rupture is a rare event. On the other hand, splenic metastasis is also rare and usually found in the context of disseminated disease. Spontaneous splenic rupture caused by a metastatic deposit has been reported only as case reports. To the best of our knowledge, pancreatic cancer being the primary site has been reported in only a handful of cases. Case Presentation. A case of spontaneous splenic rupture in a 68-year-old male presenting with acute onset left shoulder pain, caused by metastatic pancreatic cancer to the spleen, is presented herein. During the investigation, the patient developed hypovolemic shock due to intra-abdominal hemorrhage, necessitating emergency splenectomy. The patient recovered well and was discharged from the hospital on the 8th postoperative day. Discussion. This study underlines the fact that the spleen is a rare site of metastasis, remaining mostly asymptomatic. However, it can nevertheless prove to be a life-threatening condition. The exact pathophysiological mechanism of splenic rupture due to metastasis still remains unknown, requiring further research. Emergency splenectomy remains the standard of care, and this clinical condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases with acute abdomen and malignant neoplasm history.
Comparison of Conservative and Surgical Treatments in Symptomatic Pregnancy Hydronephrosis
Authors: Demir Mehmet , Yağmur İsmail , Pelit Eyyup Sabri , Katı Bülent , Tunçekin Adem , Çiftçi Halil
Published: September 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the treatment choice in pregnant women with symptomatic hydronephrosis. Methods: Hospital records of pregnant women who visited our clinic due to symptomatic hydronephrosis between December 2010 and December 2020 were analysed retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups: conservative and surgical (JJ stent) treatment groups. Age, gestational week, primipara, trimester, visual analogue scale (VAS), and preterm birth rates as well as clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonography findings were compared between the groups. Results: The study included 227 pregnant women (conservative treatment group, 133; JJ stent group, 94). Age, gestational week, primipara, trimester, hydronephrosis side, fever, pyelonephritis, pyuria, preterm labour and abortion, as well as blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, C-reactive protein, and white blood cell levels did not differ significantly between the groups (p > 0.05). In the JJ stent group, VAS, creatinine value, culture positivity rate, degree of hydronephrosis, and renal pelvis anterior-posterior (AP) diameter were significantly higher than those in the conservative treatment group (p < 0.05). The cut-off value for renal pelvis AP diameter was 16.5 mm in the first 2 trimesters and 27.5 mm in the third trimester. Conclusions: Surgical treatment should not be delayed in pregnant women who do not respond to conservative treatment and have impaired renal function and grade 3–4 hydronephrosis. Early surgical intervention is necessary in patients with a renal pelvis AP diameter of >16.5 mm in the first 2 trimesters and >27.5 in the third trimester.
Triamcinolone Acetonide in the Treatment of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: A post hoc Analysis of Quality of Life during a Phase III Study
Authors: Karaulov Alexander V. , Nenasheva Natalia , Smolkin Yury , Maslakov Aleksandr , Lucio Luiz
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease that affects ≤24% of people in Russia, significantly impairing quality of life (QoL). Intranasal corticosteroids, such as triamcinolone acetonide (TAA), are considered effective drugs for treatment. A post hoc analysis of data (phase III NASANIF trial) examined weekly QoL changes in patients receiving TAA for the treatment of perennial AR (PAR). Methods: NASANIF (NCT03317015) was a double-blind, parallel group, multicenter, prospective, noninferiority, phase III clinical trial. Patients with PAR were randomized (1:1) to receive TAA or fluticasone propionate (FP) for 4 weeks. Here, a post hoc analysis measures QoL using a shortened Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (miniRQLQ). Differences in miniRQLQ score were evaluated using a mixed linear model and descriptive statistics. A subgroup analysis was performed in patients with a previous diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis. Results: Of 260 patients eligible for randomization, 128 each completed treatment with TAA or FP. Overall and individual domain scores progressively improved and were significantly different versus baseline at week 4 in both treatment groups: LS mean difference TAA: −30.92 (95% CI [−33.01 to −28.83]), p < 0.001, and FP: −31.13 (−33.23 to −29.04), p < 0.001. In both arms of the subgroup, there was a significant reduction in eye symptoms. There was no significant difference between the TAA and FP treatment groups in any analyses. Conclusions: TAA is effective in improving overall and individual domains of QoL in patients with PAR, over 4 weeks. Patients with a previous diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis experienced significant improvements in QoL related to the resolution of these symptoms.
Bioactive Peptides from Tempeh Using Peptidecutter’s Cleavage
Authors: Tamam Badrut , Syah Dahrul , Lioe Hanifah Nuryani , Suhartono Maggy T. , Kusuma Wisnu Ananta , Suratiah
Published: September 2021

empeh is an Indonesian traditional fermented food with rich nutrition and bioactive components. Rhizopus sp,especially Rhizopus oligosporus), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.), and yeast aremicroorganisms involved in Tempeh fermentation. An interesting offer of Bioinformatics (in silico method) as a supporting tool in molecular biology studies has emerged, such as in protein cleavage. This study utilized PeptideCutter application on ExPASyBioinformatics portal (https://web.expasy.org/peptide_cutter/) to cleave soy proteins glycinin G1, G2, G3, G4,G5,-conglycinin-chain,andchainusingavailable enzymes in the applicationwith twosimulations. Simulation I was conducted using enzyme complex produced by Lactobacillus sp.and Rhizopus oligosporus, whilesimulation II was used enzyme complex produced by Lactobacillus sp., Rhizopus oligosporus, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Simulation I was conducted using enzyme complex produced by Lactobacillus sp. and Rhizopus oligosporus, whilesimulation II was used enzyme complex produced by Lactobacillus sp., Rhizopus oligosporus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. A total of 58 peptides was found from the simulation I and higher than simulation I (41 peptides). The bioactive peptides by the cleavages using PeptideCuttertool were dominated with dipeptides and only three peptides were in the form of tripeptides, namely Leu-Leu-Phe(glycininG1), Val-Val-Phe(glycininG5), and Arg-His-Lys(-conglycinin-chain). Bioactive peptides with antihypertensive and antidiabetic properties were mostly found in this in silicomethod of soybean cleavage.
Programa com jogos de raciocínio para adolescentes em situação de dependência de substâncias psicoativas
Authors: Duarte Claudio Elias , Garcia Sandra Regina Rezende , Braga Sarah Virginia dos Santos , Machado Felipe Salles Neves , Pereira Jefferson Luiz , Ulisses Sofia Marques Viana
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: verificar impactos da aplicação de um programa com uso de jogos de raciocínio embasado na metodologia Mind Lab nas funções executivas atenção, flexibilidade e planejamento em adolescentes em situação de dependência de substâncias psicoativas. Método: estudo quantitativo quase-experimental com aplicação de instrumentos de avaliação neuropsicológica pré e pós-intervenção. Participaram 35 adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 17 anos internados em um Centro de Atenção Integrada à Saúde Mental na cidade de São Paulo. Resultados: evidenciou-se melhora na atenção após a aplicação do programa com jogos. Quanto às funções planejamento e flexibilidade, foram observadas melhoras, porém estas não foram significativas. Conclusão: foi possível verificar a importância da utilização de jogos de raciocínio como recurso lúdico no tratamento de adolescentes em condição de dependência de substâncias psicoativas, possibilitando a construção de estratégias que auxiliem no processo de recuperação e reabilitação.
O ato de cuidar em saúde mental: aspectos alinhados à cultura de segurança do paciente
Authors: Lima Marcos Eduardo Pereira de , Cortez Elaine Antunes , Almeida Viviane Lins Araújo de , Xavier Simone Costa da Matta , Fernandes Fabíola Chaves
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento sobre o cuidado prestado à pessoa que possui transtorno mental na perspectiva da segurança do paciente. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, considerando-se a seguinte questão norteadora: “Como a Política de Segurança do Paciente pode ser incorporada na produção do cuidado às pessoas ou sujeitos em sofrimento psíquico?”. Resultados: foram selecionados 12 artigos em língua inglesa nas bases de dados Scopus e MEDLINE. Predominaram os tipos de estudo revisão da literatura (42%), estudo crítico-reflexivo (17%) e análise de conteúdo (17%). Conclusão: a segurança do paciente no contexto da saúde mental é mais complexa quando comparada a de outros pacientes. Observa-se maior probabilidade de eventos adversos, violências, barreiras de acesso aos serviços e tratamentos, além de uma assistência de baixa qualidade, tardia e não planejada, tendo, como principal justificativa, o processo estigmatizador. A educação permanente e o cuidado centrado na pessoa são as principais ferramentas de solução desses casos.
Uso de substâncias lícitas entre os estudantes de Fonoaudiologia de uma universidade pública
Authors: Portugal Flávia Batista , Puppim Nathalia Gama , Siqueira Marluce Mechelli de
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar o consumo de álcool e tabaco entre os estudantes do curso de Fonoaudiologia de uma universidade pública. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal; a investigação foi fundamentada no preenchimento do instrumento proposto pela Secretaria Nacional de Políticas sobre Drogas. O estudo possui uma amostra de 130 estudantes matriculados no curso de Fonoaudiologia, o que corresponde a 79,06% dos alunos matriculados em 2018. Resultados: o álcool apresenta-se como uma das substâncias lícitas mais consumidas entre os universitários, o uso na vida, no ano e nos últimos 30 dias foram de 79,2%, 56,2% e 45,4%, respectivamente. Quanto ao tabaco, 21,5% relataram que realizaram o consumo de tabaco em algum momento da vida; no ano, 8,5% e, nos últimos 30 dias, 7,7%. Na análise multivariada, as variáveis preditoras significativas para o uso de álcool foram idade (no mês) e prática religiosa (no ano e no mês). Já para o uso do tabaco foram: sexo (ao longo da vida), prática religiosa (ao longo da vida e no ano) e grupo étnico (no ano). Conclusão: os achados deste estudo apontam que prevalece o consumo das substâncias lícitas entre os universitários, tornando-se importante maior abordagem do tema e ações de prevenção ao uso ...
O sigilo médico profissional no âmbito do direito penal médico brasileiro
Authors: Campos Roberto Augusto de Carvalho , Destro Paulo
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho é produto de uma reflexão, na dogmática penal brasileira, sobre a atual situação do sigilo médico profissional, cuja conduta médica adequa-se na tipificação do crime de violação do segredo profissional, com considerações e críticas no âmbito da bioética, do Direito Penal e bem jurídico e no Direito Processual Penal-Constitucional, envolvendo as questões da intimidade e privacidade. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo do tema, foram expostos e analisados, nos seus aspectos gerais, o Direito Penal Médico, a confidencialidade e a responsabilidade penal médica punível em decorrência da revelação de sigilo médico profissional.
O debate sobre interpretação na teoria do direito contemporânea: convencionalismo (Marmor) versus interpretativismo (Dworkin)
Authors: Amato Lucas Fucci
Published: September 2021

Este artigo pretende abordar a visão da interpretação jurídica na teoria do direito contemporânea a partir das críticas que Andrei Marmor dirigiu a Ronald Dworkin. Marmor é um positivista exclusivista, para quem juízos morais não afetam a definição do direito válido. É também um convencionalista, para quem tal definição baseia-se em fatos sociais de reconhecimento da validade pelas autoridades. Ele criticou a visão “interpretativista” de Dworkin sobretudo em duas frentes. Enquanto Dworkin propõe um modelo de interpretação baseado em desacordos teóricos sobre o que o direito requer (em termos morais objetivos), Marmor defende um modelo de interpretação baseado nas intenções do autor (não um sujeito empírico, mas um referente contrafaticamente construído pelo intérprete). Enquanto Dworkin propõe que as explicações da teoria do direito são concorrentes com os juízos práticos dos intérpretes-aplicadores do direito, Marmor procura reafirmar uma posição de observação externa para a teoria do direito, seguindo H. L. A. Hart.
Um enfoque no tráfico de mulheres e meninas para fins de exploração sexual na perspectiva arendtiana
Authors: Boas Izabela Zonato Villas , Graça Letícia Moreira
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo busca apresentar um panorama sociojurídico sobre o tráfico humano com enfoque na figura das mulheres e meninas traficadas para fins de exploração sexual, e tem como objetivo maior apontar a condição de vulnerabilidade do gênero feminino como principal vítima deste ilícito internacional. Para tanto, serão utilizados como ponto de partida, aspectos legais e internacionais sobre o tráfico humano no Brasil, como o Protocolo de Palermo e o Código Penal. Posteriormente, serão apresentados aspectos sociológicos relacionados ao tema, e por fim, será tratada a condição humana de Hannah Arendt, em obra de mesmo título. A partir disso, será analisado, em específico, o animal laborans arendtiano, o qual busca-se relacionar com as mulheres e meninas traficadas para a exploração sexual e como eles se assemelham.
El Vizconde de Rio Branco y la paz platina: la diplomacia y el derecho en sus discursos parlamentares
Authors: Duarte Caio Henrique Dias
Published: September 2021

La diplomacia de Brasil es históricamente orientada por una grande articulación legal, desde el inicio de la consolidación de sus fronteras en el Tratado de Madrid (1750) con Alexandre de Gusmão. Pero la consolidación de sus principios norteadores, como el uti possidetis, se pasó de facto con la actuación del Vizconde de Uruguay y del Vizconde del Rio Branco tras la política imperial en el Plata entre los años 1850 y 1870, cuando actuaron como diplomatas y también Cancilleres en el Ministério de Negócios Estrangeiros. Este artículo buscará investigar los aspectos legales de la visión de Rio Branco sobre el planeamiento y la actuación política del Imperio de Brasil en el Plata. Para eso, será hecho un análisis de sus discursos sobre política exterior y el Plata en el Parlamento Imperial, de 1855 a 1875. Así se busca comprender la importancia de su actuación en la Cuestión Platina, que se dio en el apogeo del Imperio, cuando se pasaron las intervenciones en las repúblicas platinas y también la Guerra de Paraguay, firmando las concepciones de fronteras y de isonomía entre los Estados como fundamentales en la diplomacia brasileña. De tal forma, la metodología utilizada será la de, tras un análisis de los discursos del Vizconde como fuentes primarias, observar a los fundamentos y la articulación de la visión jurídica de la actuación de Brasil en el Plata en su diplomacia, considerando el Derecho como práctica en la estabilización de la región.
Vesículas extracelulares: o que sabemos até agora
Authors: Cavalcanti Heloísa Nelson , Silva Filho Tiago João da , Queiroz Lélia Maria Guedes
Published: September 2021

Com base em uma revisão de literatura, este estudo teve como objetivo abordar e esclarecer alguns conceitos referente às vesículas extracelulares (VE) e sua nomenclatura. Realizou-se uma busca por artigos científicos e revisões bibliográficas relativos às VE publicados de 2010 a 2021 em língua inglesa nas bases de dados eletrônicas Scielo, Lilacs e Medline/PubMed. Trinta e três artigos pertinentes ao tema foram selecionados para compor esse estudo. VE são partículas nano/micrométricas, delimitadas por uma membrana celular e produzidas por organismos vivos, que desempenham um papel importante na comunicação celular. Dentre as principais classes de VE, encontram-se os exossomos, microvesículas e corpos apoptóticos. Contudo, essas vesículas compartilham algumas características comuns, dificultando sua caracterização. Embora diversos estudos tenham tentado isolar os diferentes tipos de VE, ainda não há métodos eficazes de purificação nem marcadores específicos. Com base na literatura atual, o presente artigo reforça a importância de uma descrição detalhada acerca dos métodos de isolamento e caracterização em estudos que se utilizam de VE. Além disso, de modo a tentar reduzir possíveis vieses e facilitar a comparação entre estudos, sugere também que se padronize o uso do termo “VE” em detrimento a termos mais específicos.
Avaliação da estabilidade dimensional de três marcas de hidrocoloides irreversíveis
Authors: Lopes Júnior Antônio , Nobre Caio  Felipe de Almeida , Rúbio Gabriel Ramos , Freitas Mariana Itaborai Moreira , Fraga May Anny Alves , Finck Nathalia Silveira
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise in vitro da estabilidade dimensional de três marcas de hidrocoloides irreversíveis: Jeltrate Plus, Hydrogum 5 e CavexColor Change. Os produtos foram submetidos a sete diferentes tempos de vazamento do molde. Materiais e métodos: Foi confeccionado um modelo padrão de acrílico com base plana e quatro pilares retos: A, B, C e D. Logo após, foram realizadas 105 moldagens, sendo 35 moldes de cada marca comercial subdivididos em sete grupos de acordo com o tempo de vazamento do molde: imediatamente após moldagem; 30 minutos; 2 horas; 24 horas; 48 horas; 120 horas; e 216 horas após a moldagem. Em seguida, os modelos tiveram a distância entre os pontos mensuradas (medidas AB, BC e CD). A análise de variância de dois fatores e o teste post-hoc de Tukey (α = 0,05) foram utilizados como testes estatísticos. Resultados: A estabilidade dimensional foi afetada diretamente em função do tempo de armazenamento e da marca do alginato (p < 0,05). O hidrocoloide Jeltrate Plus apresentou alterações crescentes em suas dimensões após 2 horas de armazenamento, enquanto o Hydrogum 5 e o Cavex Color Change mantiveram-se estáveis por 120 e 48 horas, respectivamente. Conclusão: Desde que armazenados em condições adequadas, as marcas comerciais Hydrogum 5 e Cavex Color Change apresentaram maior estabilidade dimensional.
Potencial de impacção dos caninos superiores: estudo radiográfico
Authors: Gomes Ana Paula de Almeida , Barbosa Camila Gobbi de Carvalho , Bittencourt Pedro Augusto Peixoto , Caetano Roberta Mansur
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: o objetivo deste artigo foi revisar a literatura sobre os preditores radiográficos e a extração do canino decíduo para interceptar a impacção do canino superior permanente, assim como fez parte do seu escopo avaliar uma amostra do fenômeno. Métodos: foi feita uma revisão da literatura e um estudo observacional utilizando- se os preditores radiográficos, no sentido horizontal e angular, em uma amostra de dez pacientes ortodônticos, com acompanhamento radiográfico de um caso. Resultados: a extração do canino superior decíduo com o objetivo de redirecionar o trajeto eruptivo do elemento sucessor é indicada quando o dente, pela radiografia panorâmica, localiza-se no setor 2 com angulação igual ou maior que 20º a 30º; no setor 3; no setor 4 com angulação igual ou menor que 20º a 30º. A amostra totalizou uma avaliação de 20 caninos superiores, dos quais 30% apresentavam indicação da conduta interceptativa. Em um dos casos, o elemento 13 estava localizado no setor 2, no limite com o setor 3, e com angulação de 29º. Portanto, foi realizada exodontia do elemento 53 e um ano depois pôde-se identificar radiograficamente o redirecionamento da trajetória eruptiva do elemento 13. Conclusões: na presente amostra, 30% dos caninos possuíam indicação de extração do antecessor decíduo, sendo que no caso acompanhado observou-se o benefício do procedimento interceptativo referente a impacção.
Variability in Daily Eating Patterns and Eating Jetlag Are Associated With Worsened Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network
Authors: Makarem Nour , Sears Dorothy D. , St‐Onge Marie‐Pierre , Zuraikat Faris M. , Gallo Linda C. , Talavera Gregory A. , Castaneda Sheila F. , Lai Yue , Aggarwal Brooke
Published: September 2021

Background

Sleep variability and social jetlag are associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes via circadian disruption. Variable eating patterns also lead to circadian disruption, but associations with cardiometabolic health are unknown.

Methods and Results

Women (n=115, mean age: 33±12 years) completed a 1‐week food record using the Automated Self‐Administered 24‐Hour Dietary Assessment Tool at baseline and 1 year. Timing of first and last eating occasions, nightly fasting duration, and %kcal consumed after 5
pm
(%kcal 5
pm
) and 8
pm
(%kcal 8
pm
) were estimated. Day‐to‐day eating variability was assessed from the SD of these variables. Eating jetlag was defined as weekday‐weekend differences in these metrics. Multivariable‐adjusted linear models examined cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations of day‐to‐day variability and eating jetlag metrics with cardiometabolic risk. Greater jetlag in eating start time, nightly fasting duration, and %kcal 8
pm
related to higher body mass index and waist circumference at baseline (
P
<0.05). In longitudinal analyses, a 10% increase in %kcal 8
pm
SD predicted increased body mass index (β, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.23–0.81) and waist circumference (β, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.58–2.87); greater %kcal 8
pm
weekday‐weekend differences predicted higher body mass index (β, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07–0.43). Every 30‐minute increase in nightly fasting duration SD predicted increased diastolic blood pressure (β, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.40–1.50); an equivalent increase in nightly fasting duration weekday‐weekend differences predicted higher systolic blood pressure (β, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.11–1.05) and diastolic blood pressure (β, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.10–0.80). Per 10% increase in %kcal 5
pm
SD, there were 2.98 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.04–5.92) and 2.37mm Hg (95% CI, 0.19–4.55) increases in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure; greater %kcal 5
pm
weekday‐weekend differences predicted increased systolic blood pressure (β, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.30–3.36). For hemoglobin A1c, every 30‐minute increase in eating start and end time SD and 10% increase in %kcal 5
pm
SD predicted 0.09% (95% CI, 0.03–0.15), 0.06% (95% CI, 0.001–0.12), and 0.23% (95% CI, 0.07–0.39) increases, respectively.

Conclusions

Variable eating patterns predicted increased blood pressure and adiposity and worse glycemic control. Findings warrant confirmation in population‐based cohorts and intervention studies.
“Who is There That Doesn’t Calculate?” Homo Economicus as a Measuring Instrument in Non-Market Accounting
Authors: Schlaudt Oliver
Published: September 2021

Contemporary approaches to “non-market accounting” depend critically on methods of “monetization,” i.e., determining prices for goods outside the market. Monetization constitutes a case of economic measurement in a narrow sense that has not yet been analyzed in the literature on measurement in economics. Monetization, I will argue, uses homo economicus—originally created as a model to explain existing prices—as a measuring device, one that generates new prices for goods that are not traded on markets. Homo economicus, though long contested in microeconomics, is thus enjoying a dubious revival in non-market accounting.
Science as Experience: A Deweyan Model of Science Communication
Authors: Halpern Megan K. , Elliott Kevin C.
Published: September 2021

The field of science communication is plagued by challenges. Communicators face the difficulty of responding to unjustified public skepticism over issues like climate change and COVID-19 while also acknowledging the fallibility and limitations of scientific knowledge. Our goal in this paper is to suggest a new model for science communication that can help foster more productive, respectful relationships among all those involved in science communication. Inspired by the pragmatist philosophy of John Dewey, we develop an experience model, according to which science communication consists in people’s experiences with science and the meanings they develop from those experiences. Three principles are central to the model: experience is cumulative, context matters, and audiences have agency. We argue that this model has significant implications both for communication research and practice, which we illustrate by applying it to the phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy. We show how science communicators can help to identify and alleviate structural factors that contribute to skepticism as well as fostering opportunities for meaning making around shared experiences.
Under-Prescription of Medical Treatment for Peripheral Artery Disease in the Under 50s: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Soudet Simon , Bultel Lorène , Adnane Lamrani , Reix Thierry , Sevestre Marie Antoinette
Published: September 2021

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality; however, data on its etiology and evolution in patients under 50 years old are scarce. Therefore, we performed a retrospective analysis of data from medical records, including cardiovascular risk factors, etiology, medical and surgical treatment, and follow-up. We included all patients with PAD aged between 18 and 50 years attending our university hospital between 2005 and 2015. Of the 87 patients included, 32 (36%) were women. Smoking was acknowledged by 81 patients (93%), and 37 had dyslipidemia (42.5%). Median follow-up was 24 months (10-59). Recurrence occurred in 41 patients (47.1%), all active smokers, with a median delay of 14 months (7-47). Acute limb ischemia at diagnosis was significantly associated with major amputation, odds ratio (OR) 5.95 (95%CI 1.41-40.90, P = .029), which was needed by 11 patients (12.6%). Treatments included antiplatelet therapy (76; 87.4%), statins (67; 77%), and anti-hypertensives (60; 69%), and 29 (32.1%) patients benefited from vascular rehabilitation. This cohort of relatively young patients with PAD showed a high level of symptom recurrence. Atherosclerosis was the most common etiology. Our study revealed that medical treatment is often under-prescribed in this age group and needs to be improved.
‘Losing Leverage’ in the Neighbourhood: A Cognitive Frame Analysis of the European Union Migration Policy
Authors: Jäntti Jyri J. , Klasche Benjamin
Published: September 2021

The European Union (EU)–Turkey deal consolidated a shift in the EU’s migration policy. The deal is the culmination of the dominance of the security frame and depicts the continuous externalization of the EU’s responsibility of asylum protection and burden sharing. The strengthening of the security frame has weakened the humanitarian norms that previously dictated EU’s behaviour. This has led to the EU losing some of its comparative advantages in negotiations. Simultaneously, the instrumentalization of the value of asylum, paired with an increased number of asylum seekers, has given negotiation leverage to the neighbouring countries turned service providers. These changes in perception and norms have created a power shift, at the disadvantage of the EU, creating a more leveled playing field for negotiations between the parties. This article tracks the historical shifts in the global refugee regime to explain how today’s situation was created. Hereby, the existence of two competing cognitive frames—humanitarian and security—is assumed, tracked and analysed. While looking at the EU–Turkey deal, the article shows that the EU has started treating refugees as a security problem rather than a humanitarian issue, breaking the normative fabric of the refugee regime in the process. The article also displays how Turkey was able to capitalise on this new reality and engage with negotiations of other neighbouring countries of EU that point towards a change of dynamics in the global refugee regime.
Robust self-cleaning effects of cotton fabrics coated with reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites
Authors: Li Wenjun , Zhang Hui , Chen Tianyu , Yang Limeng , Sheng Cuihong , Wu Hailiang , Mao Ningtao
Published: September 2021

The self-cleaning textiles coated with reduced graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites have enhanced photocatalytic activities and could have great potential in practical applications. However, it is still problematic regarding how to avoid aggregation of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in producing reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites. In this research article, we propose a new method to reduce the aggregation of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in producing cotton fabrics coated with reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites by combining vibration-assisted ball milling and hydrothermal synthesis process. The microstructure and photocatalytic-related properties of the resultant reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites and their coating cotton fabrics were characterized by using a series of techniques including field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Raman, particle size distribution, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller,(BET), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscope (UPS), and photoluminescence (PL). It was indicated that the aggregation of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites was successfully avoided via ball milling in the presence of tetrabutyl titanate. After hydrothermal treatment, the resulting reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites were firmly immobilized on cotton fabric. It was demonstrated in the self-cleaning experiments that the resultant self-cleaning cotton fabrics are hydrophilic and could directly decompose color contaminants such as methylene blue, Congo red, and coffee stains under simulated sunlight irradiation due to the photo-degradation reactions of the reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite coating. The reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite-modified cotton fabric also exhibited excellent performance in both robust abrasion resistance and soap-washing resistance. The fabric photocatalytic self-cleaning capability was not found to decrease significantly after being repeatedly used for five times.
Robot end effector based on electrostatic adsorption for manipulating garment fabrics
Authors: Feng Wenqian , Hu Yanli , Li Xin rong , Liu Lidong
Published: September 2021

To improve the effectiveness of industrial robots in the textile and garment industry, it is necessary to expand the application range of electrostatic adsorption end effectors and solve the problem of automatically grasping and transferring fabrics during garment processing. Taking weft-knit fabric as an example, this paper begins by analyzing the factors that influence the electrostatic adsorption capacity, and then constructing an electrostatic adsorption capacity model based on the fabric characteristics. Next, the shape arrangement and structural parameters of the electrode plate are optimized by taking the electrostatic adsorption force model and maximizing the adsorption force per unit area. Finally, the adsorption effect of the electrostatic adsorption end effector is verified by simulation and experiment. The verification results show that the electrode with a comb-shaped arrangement and optimized structural parameters can adsorb clothing fabric well and meets the requirements of clothing automated production lines. This study provides a new method for solving the problem of automatically grasping and transferring fabrics and provides technical support for improving automation in the garment industry.
The deposition of nanofibers onto a traditional filtration medium and their effects on filtration efficiency
Authors: Kotzianová Adéla , Hrubá Zuzana , Vondrovic Štěpán , Židek Ondřej , Pokorný Marek , Velebný Vladimír
Published: September 2021

Traditional filtration media composed of fibers with sizes on the micrometer scale have difficulty filtering particles a little smaller than 300 nm. Even though nanofibrous materials are able to capture these particles and can have excellent filtration efficiency, their widespread use continues to be inhibited by several obstacles, particularly an excessive pressure drop and the inability to form self-supporting filtration membranes. We have prepared two types of composite materials, namely an ultra-thin nanofibrous layer made of polyurethane or nylon with various fiber diameters and pore areas. Scanning electron microscopy was used for their characterization. The nanofibrous layer was deposited directly onto a traditional melt-blown polypropylene filtration fabric with a very low area weight of 30 g/m2, which facilitates handling and bypasses the need for the layer to be self-supporting. Moreover, a fine polyethylene mesh was added as a separate layer to prevent humidity from passing through the filtration material as well as to cover fabrics. The filtration efficiency and the pressure drop of the prepared materials were determined. The results showed that the incorporation of a nylon nanofibrous layer with smaller fiber diameters and pore areas leads to a significant increase in the filtration efficiency (92%) against the most penetrating particles, the critical size of which decreased to 50 nm, while the pressure drop was comparable to the pressure drop of a commercially available FFP2 respirator. The prepared filtration material could be used to manufacture respirators.
Locked down by inequality: Older people and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Buffel Tine , Yarker Sophie , Phillipson Chris , Lang Luciana , Lewis Camilla , Doran Patty , Goff Mhorag
Published: September 2021

This paper develops the argument that post-COVID-19 recovery strategies need to focus on building back fairer cities and communities, and that this requires a strong embedding of ‘ age-friendly’ principles to support marginalised groups of older people, especially those living in deprived urban neighbourhoods, trapped in poor quality housing. It shows that older people living in such areas are likely to experience a ‘double lockdown’ as a result of restrictions imposed by social distancing combined with the intensification of social and spatial inequalities. This argument is presented as follows: first, the paper examines the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on older people, highlighting how the pandemic is both creating new and reinforcing existing inequalities in ageing along the lines of gender, class, ethnicity, race, ability and sexuality. Second, the paper explores the role of spatial inequalities in the context of COVID-19, highlighting how the pandemic is having a disproportionate impact on deprived urban areas already affected by cuts to public services, the loss of social infrastructure and pressures on the voluntary sector. Finally, the paper examines how interrelated social inequalities at both the individual and spatial level are affecting the lives of older people living in deprived urban neighbourhoods during the pandemic. The paper concludes by developing six principles for ‘age-friendly’ community recovery planning aimed at maintaining and improving the quality of life and wellbeing of older residents in the post-pandemic city.
Total eyelid complex sparing orbital exenteration for mucormycosis
Authors: Agarwal Pawan , Sharma D
Published: September 2021

Orbital exenteration is a radical surgery which involves complete removal of the orbital contents along with all or parts of the eyelid. However, the eyelid complex can be totally spared in cases of necrotising disease such as mucormycosis without compromising on exposure, or fear of devascularisation of the lids. We describe a total eyelid complex preserving orbital exenteration. Preservation of the total eyelid complex has the potential to speed up the healing process and provide dynamic functional and cosmetic rehabilitation.