bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Illustrating and homology modeling the proteins of the Zika virus
Authors: Ekins Sean , Liebler John , Neves Bruno J. , Lewis Warren G. , Coffee Megan , Bienstock Rachelle , Southan Christopher , Andrade Carolina H.
Published: March 2016

The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae, which is similar to dengue virus, yellow fever and West Nile virus. Recent outbreaks in South America, Latin America, the Caribbean and in particular Brazil have led to concern for the spread of the disease and potential to cause Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. Although ZIKV has been known of for over 60 years there is very little in the way of knowledge of the virus with few publications and no crystal structures. No antivirals have been tested against it either in vitro or in vivo. ZIKV therefore epitomizes a neglected disease. Several suggested steps have been proposed which could be taken to initiate ZIKV antiviral drug discovery using both high throughput screens as well as structure-based design based on homology models for the key proteins. We now describe preliminary homology models created for NS5, FtsJ, NS4B, NS4A, HELICc, DEXDc, peptidase S7, NS2B, NS2A, NS1, E stem, glycoprotein M, propeptide, capsid and glycoprotein E using SWISS-MODEL. Eleven out of 15 models pass our criteria for selection. While a ZIKV glycoprotein E homology model was initially described in the immature conformation as a trimer, we now describe the mature dimer conformer which allowed the construction of an illustration of the complete virion. By comparing illustrations of ZIKV based on this new homology model and the dengue virus crystal structure we propose potential differences that could be exploited for antiviral and vaccine design. The prediction of sites for glycosylation on this protein may also be useful in this regard. While we await a cryo-EM structure of ZIKV and eventual crystal structures of the individual proteins, these homology models provide the community with a starting point for structure-based design of drugs and vaccines as well as a for computational virtual screening.
Essential Tools of Financial and Credit Management’s Economic Basis
Authors: Бурмистрова  , Burmistrova Larisa
Published: March 2016

The proposed work includes issues related to the essence of such basic categories as finance, credit and

money. These categories can be considered separately, when their substance, originality, and functions are

identified, as well as together. The relationship and interpenetration of these categories into each other have

been demonstrated in this work. An attempt has been made to prove that in modern conditions of economy

and society development it is already impossible manage separately the finance, credit and money. The

management should be integrated.

The need for in-depth study of the issues related to finance, credit and money management are dictated

by the society’s development level. Under modern conditions not only professionals, but also people from

all walks of life in one way or another possess the above mentioned categories. In everyday life we are

permanently faced with problems of finance, credit and money. Thus, the modern specialist should be well

versed in entity, functions, practical features of these categories, and be able to assess and manage them.
Nível de atividade física no lazer e deslocamento e fatores associados em alunos de Educação Física em Coimbra - Portugal
Authors: Silva Pedro , Vaz Vasco , Silva Marcelo
Published: March 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever o nível de atividade física (NAF) no lazer e no deslocamento e seus fatores associados em estudantes de Educação Física da Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com alunos matriculados nos três primeiros anos do curso. Foi aplicado um questionário contendo questões sociodemográficas, comportamentais e do estado nutricional. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado através das seções de lazer e deslocamento do International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) versão longa e foram considerados ativos todos os sujeitos que realizaram 150 minutos ou mais de atividade física na semana. O total de sujeitos entrevistados foi de 405, com média de idade de 21,7 anos (DP= ±4,5 anos), sendo, na maioria, do sexo masculino (67,7%), solteiros (97,5%) e de cor da pele branca (90,0%). A média do índice de massa corporal foi de 22,8 kg/m2 e 82,0% do total se enquadrava na categoria eutrófico. Cerca de 1/5 dos universitários apresentaram o hábito de fumar. Em relação ao NAF, 77,6% dos sujeitos foram classificados como ativos no lazer e a maioria (54,9%) relatou realizar caminhada nesse domínio. No deslocamento, 55,1% dos estudantes foram considerados ativos e apenas 9,6% não realizavam qualquer atividade no deslocamento. A caminhada foi a atividade mais relatada no deslocamento (90,4%), sendo que apenas 13,3% o fizeram via bicicleta. Conclui-se que os estudantes de Educação Física da Universidade de Coimbra apresentam comportamentos satisfatórios de atividade física no lazer e deslocamento para obtenção de benefícios à saúde.
Estado nutricional, idade e sexo influenciam os níveis de atividade física de escolares?
Authors: Souza Mariele , Spessato Barbara , Coutinho Mônia , Valentini Nadia
Published: March 2016

A redução dos níveis de atividade física e o aumento da obesidade já na infância são preocupantes. Esses dois fatores estão associados a diversos problemas de saúde. A escola e as aulas de educação física são meios importantes de promover hábitos saudáveis de atividade física. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os níveis de atividade física (NAF) durante aulas de Educação Física em relação ao estado nutricional e verificar se existem diferenças em relação ao sexo e a idade (7 a 9 anos). Os NAF de 92 meninos e 95 meninas foram mensurados com pedômetros.  O índice de massa corporal foi classificado conforme as curvas do Center of Disease Control. Os resultados evidenciam que 1) crianças obesas apresentaram menores NAF do que crianças saudáveis; 2) meninos apresentaram maiores NAF do que meninas; 3) crianças saudáveis de 8 anos foram mais ativas do que as obesas; aos 9 anos as crianças saudáveis e com excesso de peso apresentaram maiores NAF do que as obesas. A regressão linear mostrou que o sexo e o estado nutricional são preditores significativos dos NAF, explicando 47% e 22% a variância dos NAF, respectivamente. Os resultados encontraram ressaltam a necessidade de estratégias que incluam o aumento dos níveis de atividade física de todas as crianças nas aulas de educação física, principalmente meninas e crianças com excesso de peso.
Busting myths about revalidation
Authors: Kolyva Katerina
Published: March 2016

With thousands of midwives and nurses having now begun their revalidation process, Katerina Kolyva discusses some of the common misconceptions about the new system.
An audit and trial aiming to reduce the rate of surgical site infections for women having a caesarean section
Authors: Ridley Neesha
Published: March 2016

Surgical site infection (SSI) following caesarean is a common cause of morbidity. To ensure best practice, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust decided to audit the rate of SSI following caesarean section. The results revealed that women who had the wound covered for a longer time were less likely to develop a wound infection. A trial was undertaken using two different wound dressings. Following the trial, new wound dressings were introduced for all women having a caesarean section, with the dressings remaining in place for 5 days. The Trust aims to re-audit the rate of SSI following caesarean section within 12 months.
Exploring the value of group supervision in midwifery: Part 1
Authors: Lavery Jo , Wolfe Moe , Darra Susanne
Published: March 2016

Statutory supervision has been a feature of midwifery practice in the UK since 1902. As part of statutory supervision, all midwives meet with their named Supervisor of Midwives (SoM) to review their practice over the previous year and to confirm their competence to practise in the coming year. A new Future Proofing Model of Supervision in Wales was launched in August 2014 ( Ness and Richards, 2014 ), and the annual one-to-one supervisory meetings were replaced with group supervision meetings, based on an action learning approach ( Machin and Pearson, 2014 ). With the impending withdrawal of statutory supervision of midwifery in the UK, this paper explores the wider issue of clinical supervision and group supervision; part 2 (to follow in a future issue) will present the findings from several sets of data exploring the value of group supervision in midwifery in Wales.
Effects of vibratory training on plantar impression in patients affected by stroke
Authors: Silva Adriana Teresa , Carvalho Antônio José Bernandes , Andrades Marília Fernandes , Junior Ruanito Calixo , Dias Miqueline Pivoto Farias , Silva Andréia Maria , Martinez Beatriz Bertolaccini , Honorato Donizeti Cesar
Published: March 2016

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vibration training on plantar impression and motor function in patients affected by stroke.

Methods:

The sample consisted of 28 individuals with hemiparesis after stroke who were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=18) and the control group (n=10). The instruments used for evaluation were the mini-mental state examination, photopodoscopy and the 6-minute walk test. For treatment, whole body vibration training was used three times a week for 8 weeks. The treatment was carried out in two phases. The first phase, which lasted for 4 weeks, consisted of four sets of exercises with 60 seconds of vibration. In the first exercise, the participants were in a static standing position, feet apart with knees flexed at 30°. In the second exercise, the same position was implemented, with knees flexed at 90°. In the third exercise, a standing position with one-leg support on the affected limb with flexed knee at 30°. The fourth exercise was a repetition of the first exercise. The second phase also lasted for 4 weeks. It consisted of the same exercises but the amount of sets of exercises was doubled.

Results:

Data were analysed by independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA with two factors. There was no intergroup nor intragroup statistical difference (P=0.05) in the plantar impression area on the affected and unaffected side; there was only intragroup statistical differences in the 6-minute walk test (P=0.03).

Conclusions:

Whole-body vibration training did not influence the increase of the plantar impression area and motor function in stroke patients.
Short burst oxygen therapy in COPD: A practice nurse's guide
Authors: Scott Michael
Published: March 2016

Short burst oxygen therapy (SBOT) is often incorrectly used as a treatment for breathlessness in COPD. Michael Scott provides the evidence around SBOT, so that practice nurses can advise their patients appropriately

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often makes up a large part of a practice nurse's duty. A main part of their responsibility for COPD includes completing annual reviews, which aim to review disease progression and symptom management. Breathlessness is the primary symptom for suffers of COPD, yet the hardest to manage. Short burst oxygen therapy (SBOT) is often incorrectly used as a treatment. Various studies have shown that SBOT does not offer any benefit in the management of breathlessness. Practice nurses should be aware of this evidence so that they can counsel patients effectively.
Public Health England malaria guidelines: What's new?
Authors: Gawthrop Mary
Published: March 2016

Malaria remains a killer worldwide. Therefore, practice nurses must base their advice on the latest recommendations to ensure travellers can reduce their risk. Mary Gawthrop explains some of the key changes to the most recent malaria prevention guidelines

Cases of malaria continue to be reported in the UK ( Public Health England (PHE), 2015a ). It remains essential for travellers visiting a malaria-endemic area to have a consultation with a travel nurse or a practice nurse trained in travel health. The UK malaria prevention guidelines were updated in September 2015 ( PHE, 2015b ). It is important for practice nurses to keep up to date with changes to malaria prevention advice so that travellers can reduce their risk. This article provides an overview of the key changes including guidance on the use of insect repellent and sun protection, updates for patients with epilepsy and those on anticoagulants, changes to country recommendations and new maps.
Managing minor illness in primary care
Authors: Harvey Andrea
Published: March 2016

Andrea Harvey, advanced nurse practitioner, reviews The Minor Illness and Beyond Handbook. If you are interested in reviewing books, email pn@markallengroup.com
Turning the tide of diabetes
Authors: Phillips Anne
Published: March 2016

Practice nurses are on the frontline of diabetes care in partnership with people at risk of diabetes and people already diagnosed. This unique and very important primary-care role affords important opportunities to anticipate and provide individualised, person-centred care planning as early as possible
Acute ankle sprain: conservative or surgical approach?
Authors: Al-Mohrej Omar A. , Al-Kenani Nader S.
Published: March 2016

Ankle sprains fall into two main categories: acute ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability, which are among the most common recurrent injuries during occupational activities, athletic events, training and army service. Acute ankle sprain is usually managed conservatively and functional rehabilitation failure by conservative treatment leads to development of chronic ankle instability, which most often requires surgical intervention. Enhancing the in-depth knowledge of the ankle anatomy, biomechanics and pathology helps greatly in deciding the management options.

Cite this article: Al-Mohrej OA, Al-Kenani NS. Acute ankle sprain: conservative or surgical approach? EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:34-44. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000010.
Gary Victor and the politics of translation
Authors: Leak Andy
Published: March 2016

The work of André Lefevere, amongst others, has sensitized us to the politics of colonial translation/rewriting, but what of authors from the ‘cultural periphery’ who rewrite their own works for reception in the metropolis? This article examines the case of Gary Victor’s A l’angle des rues parallèles – a novel first published in Haiti in 2000 and republished in France in 2003. An analysis of the numerous, and largely unacknowledged alterations (corrections, omissions and additions) made by Victor and his publisher for the French edition leads to the conclusion that Victor’s very deliberate rewriting of his novel can only fully be understood in the context of the political struggles in Haiti 2000–2003, Victor’s own investment in those struggles, and the former colonial power’s role in Haiti at that moment.
Language policy in the Francophone world and the Forum mondial de la langue française
Authors: Brown Peter
Published: March 2016

The situation of the French language has been a matter of discussion and concern for some time across the Francophone world. Signs of this can be seen in France with the loi Toubon and the loi Fioraso, and in Quebec where the Marois government proposed modifications to the Charte de la langue française. The Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, for its part, has moved in recent years towards formulating a new language policy. This led to the Premier Forum mondial de la langue française, held in Quebec City in 2012. Despite the success of this event, problems and paradoxes persist regarding the future place of French.
Perception of gender equality in new media
Authors: Küçükşen Kübra
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntroduction : Social gender is a concept that is used to describe the roles to be fulfilled, behavioral patterns and duties and responsibilities expected from males and females in socialization process according to the culture of the society where they live in different from biological gender. Media is a significant tool for determination and internalization of social gender roles. In parallel with social change and transformation, the change had in mass communication tools become effective in every field. New communication aspect called as new media provide opportunity for individuals to express themselves and present their opinions on every issue freely different from other mass communication tools.Methods : In this study, it was aimed to investigate the comments made on the concepts of "gender equality" and "gender inequality" on the social sharing sites named Ekşi Sözlük and Uludağ Sözlük. The comments made over the concepts of “social gender equality” and “social gender inequality” in web site called “Ekşi Sözlük” and “Uludağ Sözlük” were reviewed during to 1 June- 15 September 2015 in this study and it was targeted to research the perception of social gender. For analyzing data, content analyzis was applied to comments.  Results :In the study, 105 comments made on Ekşi Sözlük and 39 comments made on Uludağ Sözlük in regard to the subject matter were categorized and analyzed as "gender equality/inequality" and "gender roles". According to the data attained from analysis of the study, as opposed to conventional media, it is seen that the comments made on gender are quite varied. Besides such comments which reduce women merely to a body, insult them, assert that they lack the knowledge, skills and competence for existing in the public sphere, comments exceeding the equalitarian viewpoint on the subject, grounding on justice and equity have been identified.Discussion : Reflections of the conventional patriarchal mentality are evidently seen in the comments on Ekşi Sözlük and Uludağ Sözlük. Being an environment where an issue is discussed by people in several numbers and having quite different opinions in different perspectives, social networking sites provide an important source of knowledge to the forms of peoples’ understanding and interpretation of social life. According to the data obtained in the research, the perception of social gender has still been produced in new media. However, it can be said that social gender perception is directed through the course where the understanding of “difference is not inequality” with an upper point of view exceeding the concepts of equality and inequality is grounded on in new media despite adopting an opponent discourse on the contrary to mainstream media.
Justification of the Concept of Mobile Educational Spaces: a Study on Typology and Sustainability
Authors: Aleksić Julija , Kosanović Saja , Komatina Dragan , Lazarević Eva Vaništa
Published: March 2016

The overall human progress continuously stimulates the transformation of the notion of architecture and enhances the development of new architectural forms. In line with the thesis that only sustainable architecture allows the fulfilment of contemporary requirements to full extent, this paper explores the variety of developed mobile educational spaces, classifies them into types and analyses their sustainability aspects. The analysis aims to define the cases and needs to which mobile educational spaces respond best, i.e. according to which their utilization is justifiable. The results open a new research debate on the relationship between sustainability and the duration of utilization.
The Analysis of Investment Environment and Foreign Direct Investment Prognostication: Lithuanian Case
Authors: Gaspareniene Ligita
Published: March 2016

The aim of this article is to research the investment environment and to prognosticate the trends of FDI in Lithuania. The methods of the research include systematic and comparative analysis of the scientific literature and linear regression and trend analysis. The results of the research have revealed that the trend and amount of FDI in Lithuania strongly correlate. The linear regression equation is also growing, which proposes that over the next two years FDI in Lithuania should increase.
Development of Customs Fiscal Function in Latvia
Authors: Rudzītis Normunds , Čevers Aldis
Published: March 2016

Globalization of the world economy and increased international trade in economic development of countries seriously affect Customs Services and changes customs functions. Moreover, the measurement efficiency and effectiveness of Customs Services are determined based on an accurate identification of the customs functions to be performed and on the basis of the amount of dynamic analysis. The article shows that significant reduction of the customs fiscal function is identified in the period when Latvia joined the EU Customs Union. The reduction took place due to the country’s efforts to improve business environment and strengthen the competitiveness of enterprises, as well as to improve tax administration system.
Factor Analysis of Passengers’ Satisfaction at “RIGA International Airport”
Authors: Paramonovs Sergejs , Ijevleva Ksenija
Published: March 2016

The aim of the paper is to determine complex factors influencing passengers’ satisfaction at RIGA International Airport (Latvia). Theoretical evidence was examined and factor analysis was carried out to identify the main groups of factors affecting passengers’ satisfaction at the Airport. The findings of the study show that the most important five factors affecting it are: (1) availability of telecommunications, (2) effective way finding signs, (3) cleanliness of restrooms, (4) courtesy of staff and (5) availability of staff. The results based on this study will help airport managers in the Baltic Sea region to better serve their passengers through introduction of modern technologies and improved attitudes.
Modelling Framework and Assistive Device for
Peripheral Intravenous Injections
Authors: Kam Kin F. , Robinson Martin P. , Gilbert Mathew A. , Pelah Adar
Published: March 2016

Intravenous access for blood sampling or drug
administration that requires peripheral venepuncture is
perhaps the most common invasive procedure practiced
in hospitals, clinics and general practice surgeries.We describe
an idealised mathematical framework for modelling
the dynamics of the peripheral venepuncture process. Basic
assumptions of the model are confirmed through motion
analysis of needle trajectories during venepuncture,
taken from video recordings of a skilled practitioner injecting
into a practice kit. The framework is also applied
to the design and construction of a proposed device for accurate
needle guidance during venepuncture administration,
assessed as consistent and repeatable in application
and does not lead to over puncture. The study provides
insights into the ubiquitous peripheral venepuncture process
and may contribute to applications in training and in
the design of new devices, including for use in robotic automation.
Fabrication and electrochemical study of [Ru(NH3)6]3+/Nafion modified electrodes for the determination of trace amounts of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ via anodic stripping voltammetry
Authors: Palisoc Shirley T. , Natividad Michelle T. , Martinez Nicole Mae D.C. , Ramos Rochelle Marie A. , Kaw Kevin Anthony Y.
Published: March 2016

[Ru(NH3)6]3+/Nafion modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes were fabricated via the drop coating technique and were used for the simultaneous determination of lead (Pb2+), cadmium (Cd2+), and zinc (Zn2+) in trace amounts using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The amount of [Ru(NH3)6]3+ in the coating solution was varied at 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg. The fabricated electrodes were used to detect varying concentrations of Pb, Cd and Zn. ASV results showed that as the amount of [Ru(NH3)6]3+ was increased, the reduction current of the heavy metals increased as well. The Pearson correlation values obtained for Pb and Cd were close to 1.0, indicating a strong positive linear relationship between the variables. The minimum heavy metal concentration that can be simultaneously detected by the fabricated electrodes is 0.5 ppm.
Preparation and characterization of activated carbon fibers from liquefied wood by KOH activation
Authors: Huang Yuxiang , Zhao Guangjie
Published: March 2016

Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) have been prepared from liquefied wood (Wliq) by chemical activation with KOH, with a particular focus on the effect of KOH/fiber ratio in term of porous texture and surface chemistry. ACFs based on steam activation served as a blank for comparison. The properties of the ACFs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the KOH-activated ACFs have rougher surfaces and more amorphous structure compared with the blank. The pore development was significant when the KOH/fiber ratio reached 3, and achieved a maximum Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 1371 m2 g-1 and total pore volume (Vtot) of 0.777 cm3 g-1, of which 45.3% belong to mesopores with diameters of 2–4 nm, while the blank activated at the same temperature had a BET surface of 1250 m2 g-1 and Vtot of 0.644 cm3 g-1, which are mainly micropores. The surface functional groups are closely associated with the KOH/fiber ratios. KOH-activated ACFs with KOH/fiber ratio of 3 have more oxygenated surface functional groups (C-O, C=O, -COOH) than the blank.
A Conditional Randomization Test to Account for Covariate Imbalance in Randomized Experiments
Authors: Hennessy Jonathan , Dasgupta Tirthankar , Miratrix Luke , Pattanayak Cassandra , Sarkar Pradipta
Published: March 2016

We consider the conditional randomization test as a way to account for covariate imbalance in randomized experiments. The test accounts for covariate imbalance by comparing the observed test statistic to the null distribution of the test statistic conditional on the observed covariate imbalance. We prove that the conditional randomization test has the correct significance level and introduce original notation to describe covariate balance more formally. Through simulation, we verify that conditional randomization tests behave like more traditional forms of covariate adjustment but have the added benefit of having the correct conditional significance level. Finally, we apply the approach to a randomized product marketing experiment where covariate information was collected after randomization.
Individual Patterns in Blood-Borne Indicators of Fatigue—Trait or Chance
Authors: Julian Ross , Meyer Tim , Fullagar Hugh H.K. , Skorski Sabrina , Pfeiffer Mark , Kellmann Michael , Ferrauti Alexander , Hecksteden Anne
Published: March 2016

Julian, R, Meyer, T, Fullagar, HHK, Skorski, S, Pfeiffer, M, Kellmann, M, Ferrauti, A, and Hecksteden, A. Individual patterns in blood-borne indicators of fatigue—trait or chance. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 608–619, 2017—Blood-borne markers of fatigue such as creatine kinase (CK) and urea (U) are widely used to fine-tune training recommendations. However, predictive accuracy is low. A possible explanation for this dissatisfactory characteristic is the propensity of athletes to react to different patterns of fatigue indicators (e.g., predominantly muscular [CK] or metabolic [U]). The aim of the present trial was to explore this hypothesis by using repetitive fatigue-recovery cycles. A total of 22 elite junior swimmers and triathletes (18 ± 3 years) were monitored for 9 weeks throughout 2 training phases (low-intensity, high-volume [LIHV] and high-intensity, low-volume [HILV] phases). Blood samples were collected each Monday (recovered) and Friday (fatigued) morning. From measured values of CK, U, free-testosterone (FT), and cortisol (C) as determined in the rested and fatigued state, respectively, Monday–Friday differences (Δ) were calculated and classified by magnitude before calculation of ratios (ΔCK/ΔU and ΔFT/ΔC). Coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as group-based estimates of reproducibility. Linear mixed modeling was used to differentiate inter- and intraindividual variability. Consistency of patterns was analyzed by comparing with threshold values (<0.9 or >1.1 for all weeks). Reproducibility was very low for fatigue-induced changes (CV ≥ 100%) with interindividual variation accounting for 45–60% of overall variability. Case-wise analysis indicated consistent ΔCK/ΔU patterns for 7 individuals in LIHV and 7 in HILV; 5 responded consistently throughout. For ΔFT/ΔC the number of consistent patterns was 2 in LIHV and 3 in HILV. These findings highlight the potential value of an individualized and multivariate approach in the assessment of fatigue.
A New Method for the Evaluation and Prediction of Base Stealing Performance
Authors: Bricker Joshua C. , Bailey Christopher A. , Driggers Austin R. , McInnis Timothy C. , Alami Arya
Published: March 2016

Bricker, JC, Bailey, CA, Driggers, AR, McInnis, TC, and Alami, A. A new method for the evaluation and prediction of base stealing performance. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3044–3050, 2016—The purposes of this study were to evaluate a new method using electronic timing gates to monitor base stealing performance in terms of reliability, differences between it and traditional stopwatch-collected times, and its ability to predict base stealing performance. Twenty-five healthy collegiate baseball players performed maximal effort base stealing trials with a right and left-handed pitcher. An infrared electronic timing system was used to calculate the reaction time (RT) and total time (TT), whereas coaches' times (CT) were recorded with digital stopwatches. Reliability of the TGM was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficient of variation (CV). Differences between the TGM and traditional CT were calculated with paired samples t tests Cohen's d effect size estimates. Base stealing performance predictability of the TGM was evaluated with Pearson's bivariate correlations. Acceptable relative reliability was observed (ICCs 0.74–0.84). Absolute reliability measures were acceptable for TT (CVs = 4.4–4.8%), but measures were elevated for RT (CVs = 32.3–35.5%). Statistical and practical differences were found between TT and CT (right p = 0.00, d = 1.28 and left p = 0.00, d = 1.49). The TGM TT seems to be a decent predictor of base stealing performance (r = −0.49 to −0.61). The authors recommend using the TGM used in this investigation for athlete monitoring because it was found to be reliable, seems to be more precise than traditional CT measured with a stopwatch, provides an additional variable of value (RT), and may predict future performance.
Validity of a Wearable Accelerometer Device to Measure Average Acceleration Values During High-Speed Running
Authors: Alexander Jeremy P. , Hopkinson Trent L. , Wundersitz Daniel W. T. , Serpell Benjamin G. , Mara Jocelyn K. , Ball Nick B.
Published: March 2016

Alexander, JP, Hopkinson, TL, Wundersitz, DWT, Serpell, BG, Mara, JK, and Ball, NB. Validity of a wearable accelerometer device to measure average acceleration values during high-speed running. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3007–3013, 2016—The aim of this study was to determine the validity of an accelerometer to measure average acceleration values during high-speed running. Thirteen subjects performed three sprint efforts over a 40-m distance (n = 39). Acceleration was measured using a 100-Hz triaxial accelerometer integrated within a wearable tracking device (SPI-HPU; GPSports). To provide a concurrent measure of acceleration, timing gates were positioned at 10-m intervals (0–40 m). Accelerometer data collected during 0–10 m and 10–20 m provided a measure of average acceleration values. Accelerometer data was recorded as the raw output and filtered by applying a 3-point moving average and a 10-point moving average. The accelerometer could not measure average acceleration values during high-speed running. The accelerometer significantly overestimated average acceleration values during both 0–10 m and 10–20 m, regardless of the data filtering technique (p < 0.001). Body mass significantly affected all accelerometer variables (p < 0.10, partial η2 = 0.091–0.219). Body mass and the absence of a gravity compensation formula affect the accuracy and practicality of accelerometers. Until GPSports-integrated accelerometers incorporate a gravity compensation formula, the usefulness of any accelerometer-derived algorithms is questionable.
Needles: Toward Large-Scale Genomic Prediction with Marker-by-Environment Interaction
Authors: De Coninck Arne , De Baets Bernard , Kourounis Drosos , Verbosio Fabio , Schenk Olaf , Maenhout Steven , Fostier Jan
Published: March 2016

Genomic prediction relies on genotypic marker information to predict the agronomic performance of future hybrid breeds based on trial records. Because the effect of markers may vary substantially under the influence of different environmental conditions, marker-by-environment interaction effects have to be taken into account. However, this may lead to a dramatic increase in the computational resources needed for analyzing large-scale trial data. A high-performance computing solution, called Needles, is presented for handling such data sets. Needles is tailored to the particular properties of the underlying algebraic framework by exploiting a sparse matrix formalism where suited and by utilizing distributed computing techniques to enable the use of a dedicated computing cluster. It is demonstrated that large-scale analyses can be performed within reasonable time frames with this framework. Moreover, by analyzing simulated trial data, it is shown that the effects of markers with a high environmental interaction can be predicted more accurately when more records per environment are available in the training data. The availability of such data and their analysis with Needles also may lead to the discovery of highly contributing QTL in specific environmental conditions. Such a framework thus opens the path for plant breeders to select crops based on these QTL, resulting in hybrid lines with optimized agronomic performance in specific environmental conditions.
A Novel Candidate Gene for Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in the Common Snapping Turtle
Authors: Schroeder Anthony L , Metzger Kelsey J , Miller Alexandra , Rhen Turk
Published: March 2016

Temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) was described nearly 50 years ago. Researchers have since identified many genes that display differential expression at male- vs. female-producing temperatures. Yet, it is unclear whether these genes (1) are involved in sex determination per se, (2) are downstream effectors involved in differentiation of ovaries and testes, or (3) are thermo-sensitive but unrelated to gonad development. Here we present multiple lines of evidence linking CIRBP to sex determination in the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina. We demonstrate significant associations between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (c63A > C) in CIRBP, transcript levels in embryonic gonads during specification of gonad fate, and sex in hatchlings from a thermal regime that produces mixed sex ratios. The A allele was induced in embryos exposed to a female-producing temperature, while expression of the C allele did not differ between female- and male-producing temperatures. In accord with this pattern of temperature-dependent, allele-specific expression, AA homozygotes were more likely to develop ovaries than AC heterozygotes, which, in turn, were more likely to develop ovaries than CC homozygotes. Multiple regression using SNPs in CIRBP and adjacent loci suggests that c63A > C may be the causal variant or closely linked to it. Differences in CIRBP allele frequencies among turtles from northern Minnesota, southern Minnesota, and Texas reflect small and large-scale latitudinal differences in TSD pattern. Finally, analysis of CIRBP protein localization reveals that CIRBP is in a position to mediate temperature effects on the developing gonads. Together, these studies strongly suggest that CIRBP is involved in determining the fate of the bipotential gonad.
Considérations sur le problème boïen
Authors: Szabó Miklós
Published: March 2016

The problems of Boius history have their roots in the identification of antique Boiohaemum with medieval Bohemia, an interpretation that has its origins in the tenth century. Any attempt to localize their territory, consideration must be taken of the fact that according to Tacitus, Strabon and other antique writers, this region incorporated the settlement area of King Marobodus and his Marcomanni, the so-called Bouiaimon. Other data suggest that the “land of the Boii” was a forest between the upper course of the Rhine River and present-day eastern Slovakia, along the Danube.

The Marcomanni expelled the Boii from this area at the end of the first century BC. On this basis it may be hypothesized that the settlement area of this Celtic tribe was located somewhere in present-day south-western Slovakia. The settlement of the Boii in present-day Czech Republic, however, is a historical topos. Clarifying the correct location of this tribe may contribute to a better understanding of the development and history of the Boii in Pannonia.”
568 — A historical date and its archaeological consequences
Authors: Koncz István
Published: March 2016

Written sources reveal that a political power shift and an excessive change of population took place in Pannonia in 568. Archaeological data suggest, however, coexsistence between communities different origins despite the community level realignment of society. The author would like to highlight some neglected examples that could provide details of vital importance for the topic and connect it to well known sites, all too often having complex and unclear interpretations. Continuity is analysed through the last phase of Langobard Period cemeteries, presuming that they were still in use during the last third of the 6th century, and through the early phase of Avar Period cemeteries, as their connection networks are the same: an intensive interaction with the western Merovingian and the Mediterranean world. This connection is evident in certain arte fact types (belts, weapons, brooches) and in attireas a whole as well.
Sense Giving in the Art of Henri Matisse
Authors: Ter Borg Meerten B.
Published: March 2016

Both in face-to-face interactions and in indirect forms of communication, such as art, we are constantly involved with communicating our definition of reality, something which even holds for the ultimate meaning of life, death and suffering. Several works of Henri Matisse, most notably those in the Chapelle du Rosaire at Vence, shed light on aspects of this process of sense giving. Although grounded in everyday life, Matisse’s art rises to the realm of ultimate meaning, and thus provided him with a means of transcending his own suffering.
A Phoney Holy War
Authors: Keenan William J. F.
Published: March 2016

This article provides an ideology-critique of the just-so story of “the spiritual turn,” aiming at the ahistorical and mythopoeic illusions of this contemporary fable as embedded in the fashionable nostrum, “the spiritual revolution.” This faux dramatic expression purports to describe a “turn” away from the external authority of “religion” in favour of self-chosen “spirituality” as the locus of faith commitment in the late modern world. Nine fundamental fallacies are identified with this contemporary secular myth. The “revolutionary” separation of “religiosity” and “spirituality” is untenable as scientific judgement. A more nuanced and constructive intellectual framework for engaging with the radical coinherence of the religious and the spiritual, I suggest, is “implicit religion.”
Anterior Loop of the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography Study of 494 Cases
Authors: Sahman Halil , Sisman Yildiray
Published: March 2016

The aim of this study was to use cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images of patients to assess the prevalence of different types, especially anterior loop, of the mental portion of the inferior alveolar canal and to evaluate the anterior loop lengths. CBCT images of 494 patients providing inclusion criteria were examined by 2 oral radiologists. Sagittal, axial, and multiplanar reformatted images were used to detect the type of mental portion of the inferior alveolar canal. The anterior loop length was measured in the respective sections of each CBCT image. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 15, and t tests were used for statistical analysis. Of the 494 patients, 217 anterior loops were detected in 141 (28.5%) patients. The mean anterior loop lengths for the right side and the left side were 2.19 ± 1 mm and 2.08 ± 0.89 mm, respectively. The difference between males and females in the mean anterior loop length was statistically significant for both sides (Right: P < .05; Left: P < .05). A presurgical CBCT image examination is necessary prior to implant insertion to reveal the presence of anterior loop and to detect actual anterior loop length.
Preface: From Avukah to Worker Self Management
Authors: Barsky Robert F.
Published: March 2016

This article explains some of the forces that shaped some of Lawrence B. Cohen's ideas, most notably his involvement in Avukah and his association with Seymour Melman and Zellig Harris, key members and then directors of that organization. Cohen's ideas are then adopted into a general framework that Zellig Harris employed in his thinking about the transformation of capitalist society, outlined in a book by the same name.
DFT study of methoxy adsorbed on Ni-doped Cu (100) surface
Authors: Yan Zhengxin , Gong An , Liu Wei , Li Shaorong , Wang Shengyong , Liao Qian , Chen Qian
Published: March 2016

The properties of methoxy (CH3O) adsorbed on nickel (Ni)-doped copper (Cu) (100) surfaces are investigated using the density functional theory–conjugated gradient analytic simulation approach. The adsorption characteristics of methoxy on copper (100) surface, with various nickel-doping coverage, are analyzed. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the adsorption energy of methoxy is increasing with doping coverage and is sensitive to the adsorption sites. It is concluded that nickel-doping can improve the adsorption performance of methoxy on copper (100) surface, and the hollow site is a preferable site. From the analysis of projected density of states, Mulliken population and electron density, it shows the charges transferred from the metal to the methoxy as oxygen atom strongly bonded with metal atoms. These charges mainly stem from copper atoms around the methoxy. The results of this work will guide the experiment of methanol and methoxy adsorption on metal surface and will help in developing sensors.
"Burn the witch": The impact of the fear of witchcraft on social cohesion in South Africa
Authors: Ally Y
Published: March 2016

This paper explores beliefs about witchcraft in a sample of community members in South Africa with the aim of showing that the fear of bewitchment dislocates important linkages and networks between people. This is most evident in relation to the violent consequences associated with witchcraft, particularly affecting those who are accused. Interviews with community members in South Africa provide us with a context to understand the emotional response discourses that witchcraft opens. This allows comments on how witchcraft beliefs are fused with fear, which mobilises community members towards behaviour against those accused. As a consequence, violent behaviour becomes an acceptable outlet in coping with witchcraft accusations. It is argued that increased distrust amongst community members related to witchcraft leads to tension and interpersonal conflict, therefore breaking down networks essential to ensuring harmony.
Crime, fear and continuous traumatic stress in South Africa: What place social cohesion?
Authors: Eagle G
Published: March 2016

International literature on crime and violence suggests that social cohesion may play a key role in facilitating prevention at community level. It is argued that in South Africa high levels of crime entailing interpersonal violation not only reflect ruptures in the social fabric but also contribute to social disorganization. In exploring the traumatic impact of exposure to fairly pervasive criminality via the constructs of Fear of Crime (FoC) and Continuous Traumatic Stress the article explores some of the linkages between responses to crime and the facilitation or erosion of potentialities for social cohesion. It is argued that the common responses of fearfulness, suspicion and social withdrawal (as well as defensive aggression in some instances) are counter-productive to attempts to build pro-social organization. Consequently a rather intractable circular relationship may ensue in which the conditions that enable criminality are not challenged because indirect and direct exposure to violation, alongside perceived and actual deficits in formal state interventions, have eroded the motivation and capacity of citizens to tackle such conditions, leaving spaces open for violation to continue unchecked, Some of the complexities of thinking about forms of social cohesion as a route to challenge crime and its impact in South Africa are elaborated. It is emphasized that collective efficacy appears to be the aspect of social cohesion that is most pivotal in addressing this feature of society.
An exploratory critique of the notion of social cohesion in contemporary South Africa
Authors: Desai A
Published: March 2016

This article seeks to situate the increasing salience of social cohesion in the context of the transition from apartheid to a post-apartheid society. It first part of the article focusses on the changing political and economic landscape post 1990. It pays particular attention to the role of Nelson Mandela as a symbol of national unity. While the fact that the African National Congress (ANC) government's economic policies under his leadership failed to have a fundamental impact on levels of poverty and inequality, Mandela's stature and ability to reach out to different constituencies created the conditions for him to be seen as a great unifier. His successors Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma have also not had much success at the level of alleviating high levels of poverty and inequality while also not enjoying the same iconic status of Mandela. Starting in the Mbeki era but gaining momentum under the Zuma Presidency, the country has witnessed rising levels of community and labour unrest. In this context, the article argues that notions like social cohesion and ubuntu have assumed increasing importance as ways to stitch together a fracturing society. The latter part of the article argues that, with high levels of poverty and inequality, commodification of basic services and mounting social protests, it is difficult to deploy ideas like social cohesion, especially when new militant political subjectivities are challenging the hegemony of the ANC.
Seleção competitiva de diretores: estudo de caso de uma inovação educacional no Brasil
Authors: Mello Guiomar Namo de , Silva Rose Neubauer da
Published: March 2016

<span style="font: 13px/normal verdana, arial; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;">As autoras apresentam um processo inovador de Seleção de Diretores instituído pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação de Minas Gerais; que combina a avaliação da competência técnica e da liderança. Trata-se da Seleção Competitiva de Diretores; procedimento que se introduz com o objetivo de fortalecer a unidade escolar.
Reflexões sobre o vestibular para as Universidades no Brasil.
Authors: Ribeiro Sérgio Costa
Published: March 2016

<span style="font: 13px/normal verdana, arial; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;">Há 10 anos não tenho trabalhado mais com a problemática do vestibular. Em 88, no entanto, eu me rebelei com o que estava acontecendo, pois as idéias sobre um vestibular único, unificado, moderno na linha de pensamento do prof. Walter Leser, que já vinha sendo deturpado lentamente com a especialização, com provas discursivas, tornou-se fortemente habilitatório. O número de vagas ociosos que eram produzidas se concentravam principalmente nas carreiras mais importantes deste país, as licenciaturas.