bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Информационная модель энергетической и экономической эффективности жизненного цикла объекта капитального строительства
Authors: Горбанева Елена Петровна
Published: January 2024

Потенциал энергосбережения может быть эффективно реализован при сопряжении его инструментария с методами информационного моделирования жизненного цикла объекта капитального строительства, что и определило постановку задачи данного исследования. В данной работе определена зависимость пиковой и средней мощности систем отопления, необходимой для поддержания комфортной температуры в здании, от климатических характеристик региона строительства. Для купольной части, поверхность которой реализована в виде периодической последовательности элементарных ячеек, рассчитаны зависимости тепловых потерь через купольную часть здания от характеристик ячеек. Определен параметр, описывающий энергетическую эффективность объемно-планировочных решений, и рассчитаны его зависимости от геометрических и теплофизических свойств ограждающих конструкций. Рассчитана полная энергоэффективность объемно-планировочного решения за отопительный период. Доказано, что энергетическая оптимизация жизненного цикла возможна только на основе учета тепловых потоков через поверхность ограждающих конструкций, линейные и точечные термонапряженные элементы (ТНЭ), возникающие на границе купольной части, границах элементарных ячеек, заполняющих купол, и на конструктивных элементах триангулярной полусферы или стратодезического купола. Сформулированные алгоритмы описания всех энергетических потоков через ограждающие конструкции здания позволили построить информационную модель энергетической и экономической эффективности жизненного цикла объекта капитального строительства. Построенная векторная информационная модель энергетической и экономической эффективности жизненного цикла объекта капитального строительства позволяет решить следующие практические задачи: определить зависимость затраты на энергоносители от климатических параметров; оптимизировать состав, сроки реализации и последовательность технических мероприятий, направленных на увеличение теплоизолирующих свойств ограждающих конструкций и термонапряженных элементов; определить рентабельность этих мероприятий и срок их окупаемости.
Анализ эффективности взаимодействия участников при реализации проектов в рамках программы реновации на примере города Москвы
Authors: Луняков Михаил Александрович , Кирпиченков Андрей Андреевич
Published: January 2024

Одним из важнейших направлений социально-экономической политики каждого государства является обеспечение граждан безопасными и комфортными жилищными условиями, которые бы отвечали требованиям не только актуальных норм и правил, но и сложившимся требованиям современного общества. С целью улучшения жилищных условий и обновления ветхого и аварийного жилья ведется программа реновации жилой застройки. Одной из особенностей представленного во многих городах Российских Федерации жилого фонда является большое и, зачастую, преобладающее количество жилых домов, построенных в период с 1958 по 1967 гг., в период индустриального домостроения. В соответствии с действующими нормативными актами срок эксплуатации данных домов составляет до 70 лет при условии своевременного обслуживания. Это означает, что в ближайшие 10–15 лет общее состояние жилищного фонда может существенно ухудшиться и произойдет резкое увеличение ветхого и аварийного жилья. С целью не допустить массового появления аварийных зданий, для которых на данном этапе их жизненного цикла капитальный ремонт нецелесообразен, реализуется программа реновации жилой застройки. Главной задачей данной программы является модернизация существующего жилищного фонда и обновление среды жизнедеятельности с целью приведения его в соответствие со стандартами качества, обеспечивающими комфортные условия проживания.

В реализации программы реновации жилой застройки задействованы многие участники: от государственных структур до локальных подрядных организаций. Такой широкий круг участников требует максимально слаженной взаимной работы для достижения всех поставленных задач. Но, как показала практика, не всегда участники действуют слаженно, что приводит к различным последствиям, выраженным в существенном увеличении стоимости или сроков строительства. Тем самым необходима тщательная проработка действующего порядка взаимодействия участников с целью выявления возможных проблем и анализа для совершенствования механизма управления и взаимодействия участников реализации программы.
АЭС как технически сложный объект недвижимости — глобальное управление надежностью по методу «betweentrue&false»
Authors: Сезёмин Денис Евгеньевич
Published: January 2024

В представленной обзорной научно-исследовательской статье раскрываются современные аспекты понятия управления надежностью и рисками технически сложных объектов строительства на примере атомной электростанции (АЭС). Через анализ отечественного и зарубежного подходов к исследованию систем управления надежностью АЭС в работе определяется вектор развития прикладной науки в области оценки на­дежности проектов. Автором излагаются проблемы разработки интегрированной системы управления организационно-экономической надежностью основных фаз строительства объектов атомной энергетики. Содержатся основные тезисы и описание авторской разработки методики оценки надежности технически сложной системы АЭС на основе многокритериального подхода. Предлагается использовать стохастический и детерминированный методы оценки надежности технически сложной системы АЭС. Обосновывается актуальность применения теории нечетких множеств в контексте исследуемой проблематики при оценке степени надежности технически сложного объекта недвижимости — атомной станции. Метод построения сетевых графиков, заложенный в основу прикладного программного обеспечения организаций, выполняющих функции заказчика и исполнителя строительства АЭС, рассматривается как подоснова системы оценки надежности проекта по его этапам и стадиям. В статье формулируется проблематика управления надежностью и рисками, в выводах и рекомендациях обозначаются перспективы развития систем управления надежностью АЭС, определяется направление дальнейших исследований в данной области. Предлагается создание глобальной карты-схемы международного рынка объектов атомной промышленности на основе данных об их надежности. Обосновывается факт, что создание такой карты-схемы сделает возможным общедоступно информировать человечество о состоянии объектов энергетической системы, применяющих технологию «мирного атома».
Features of the Work of Insider Scientists in Russian Regions
Authors: Lamazhaa Chimiza K. , Suvandii Nadezhda D.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the general problems of the work of insider scientists in the conditions of Russian sociocultural reality and the organization of Russian science. The main attention is paid to researchers dealing with the problems of the ethnic culture of which they are representatives. As an example, we consider the work of a team of tuvinologists and the authors of this article, working on the same research project in 2021-2023. Scientific insiders living in the regions of Russia work in the system of Russian science; they are subject to the general professional and sociocultural conditions in the country. This article examines the work of insiders from different angles: customers of research, the scientific community (Russian and regional), culture, sociocultural environment and scientists in culture. This relationship contains a significant imbalance of power and interests. It is argued that the work of insiders is more difficult because scientists in their own culture can be both insiders and outsiders in relation to the issue under study, an aspect of the lives of fellow countrymen. The results of the authors’ own experience in solving similar problems are presented, and a way out is proposed called the joint circle strategy, which includes constant formulation and discussion of paradoxical questions.
Linguopragmatuics of EU Regulatory Documents on Migration Regulation Issues
Authors: Medvedeva Natalya E.
Published: January 2024

The accelerating migration movements dictate the need to coordinate the efforts and policies of different states, this makes the issues of managing migration processes of particular relevance and importance. The migration crisis in Europe in 2015-2019 turned a serious challenge for the viability of the European Union itself. The acute phase of the most recent migration crisis forced the European Union to revise existing migration policies, with regard to both EU member states and to migrants heading to Europe. The present study focuses on an analysis of the vocabulary of EU official legal documents in order to identify the specificities of migration regulation during the acute phase of the migration crisis. The use of discursive, pragmalinguistic and content analyses shows that migration institutional discourse functions as a strong ideological tool that can be used not only to control hostile attitudes in society but also to minimize conflicts in the process of migrants’ integration. The specific linguistic techniques identified in the process of the analysis seem promising in terms of harmonisation of migration processes. The experience of the European Union may be of practical importance for Russia and the countries of the near abroad which also have encountered the migration problems. Therefore the understanding of approaches that contribute to the regulation of migration processes can help reduce the level of aggression in the countries of migrants acceptance.
Morphological Features of Russian Speech of Two Generations of Bilinguals and Monolinguals
Authors: Belyaeva Anastasia P. , Moskovkin Leonid V. , Tskhovrebov Alan S.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the morphological features of the Russian speech of two generations of Russian-German bilinguals living in Germany and Russian monolinguals living in Russia. The relevance of this study is due to the need to study the state of the Russian language abroad, its preservation and development. Four groups of informants took part in the study: 22 bilingual adults, 26 their children, 19 monolingual adults, 23 their children. The age of the parents is 35-50 years, the age of the children is 10-15 years. The material of the study was transcripts of audio recordings of oral stories based on pictures from the book by M. Mayer “Frog: where are you?”. Research methods are directed sampling, descriptive, systematization, statistical and comparative. Deviations from morphological norms were grouped into two structural types: 1) deviations from the norms of constructing word forms; 2) deviations from the norms of the choice of word forms. The study determined the average number of deviations from morphological norms in the stories of four groups of informants. It was found that in families seeking to preserve the Russian language in conditions of emigration, the morphological system remains relatively stable. At the same time, the average proportion of deviations from morphological norms in the speech of bilinguals is higher than in the speech of monolinguals, and in the speech of children is higher than in the speech of their parents. The average values of the number of typical deviations from the norms in each of the groups were determined. The heterogeneity of the number of deviations from the norms in individual representatives of each of the groups of informants was revealed. It is established that in some families the literary language is preserved, and the influence of the German language is not revealed, in others the vernacular is the means of communication, and some deviations from morphological norms may be caused by interlanguage interference. It should be noted that the greatest difficulty for all native speakers of the Russian language is the norms of the use of case forms and prepositional-case.
Book review: Lamajaa Ch.K., Suvandii N.D., Kuzhuget Sh.Yu., Myny Sh.B. Tuvans: Native people. St. Petersburg: Nestor-History, 2022. 360 p.
Authors: Kara-ool Lyubov S. , Kormushin Igor V.
Published: January 2024

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Chronology of the development of Active Queue Management algorithms of RED family. Part 1: from 1993 up to 2005
Authors: Zaryadov Ivan S. , Viana Hilquias C.C. , Korolkova Anna V. , Milovanova Tatiana A.
Published: January 2024

This work is the first part of a large bibliographic review of active queue management algorithms of the Random Early Detection (RED) family, presented in the scientific press from 1993 to 2023. The first part will provide data on algorithms published from 1993 to 2005.
Evaluation of firewall performance metrics with ranging the rules for Poisson incoming packet flow and exponential filtering time
Authors: Botvinko Anatoly Yu. , Samouylov Konstantin E.
Published: January 2024

The given article is a continuation of a number of works devoted to the development of models and methods for ranging the filtration rules to prevent a decrease in the firewall performance caused by the use of a sequential scheme for checking packet compliance with the rules, as well as by the heterogeneity and variability of network traffic. The article includes a description of a firewall mathematical model given in the form of a complex system and a queuing system with a phase-type discipline for request servicing, which formalizes the network traffic filtering process with the functionality of ranging the rules. The purpose of modeling is to obtain estimates for major firewall performance metrics for various network traffic behavior scenarios, as well as to evaluate an increase in the firewall performance due to ranging a filtration rule set. Calculation of estimates for the firewall (FW) performance metrics was made using the analytical method for a Poisson request flow. Based on the analysis of the modeling results, conclusions were drawn on the effectiveness of ranging the filtration rules in order to improve the firewall performance for traffic scenarios that are close to real ones.
On a set of tests for numerical methods of integrating differential equations, based on the Calogero system
Authors: Malykh Mikhail D. , Shiwei Wang , Ying Yu
Published: January 2024

Based on the completely integrable Calogero dynamical system, which describes the one-dimensional many-body problem, a tool for testing difference schemes has been developed and implemented in the original fdm package integrated into the Sage computer algebra system. This work shows how the developed tools can be used to examine the behavior of numerical solutions near the collision point and how to study the conservatism of the difference scheme. When detecting singularities using Alshina’s method, a difficulty was discovered associated with false order fluctuations. One of the main advantages of this set of tests is the purely algebraic nature of the solutions and integrals of motion.
Perfil epidemiológico das crianças com transtorno do espectro autista da APAE
Authors: Lago Katielly Oliveira , Dutra de Oliveira Maria Nice
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico das crianças com TEA assistidas pela APAE de Jequié (BA). A pesquisa é do tipo descritiva, com cunho quantitativo, realizada através da análise de fichas dos pacientes pediátricos, de 1 a 12 anos, com diagnóstico definitivo, matriculados e atendidos na APAE entre 2020 e 2022. 90 passaram pelos critérios de seleção, sendo 81,1% do sexo masculino e 18,9% do sexo feminino; 76,6% tiveram a mãe como responsável, seguido pelo pai (11,1%) e avó (6,6%); 10% possuíam histórico familiar de TEA. Em conclusão, o perfil é composto por sua maioria: meninos, de 4 a 6 anos, cursantes do ensino infantil, moradores de Jequié, diagnosticados no ano de 2022, detêm TEA grau 3, associado a TDAH ou Retardo Mental Moderado, fazem uso de risperidona, e possuem atraso na fala, déficits socioemocionais, estereotipias motoras, e hiper ou hiporreatividade a estímulos sensoriais.
Caracterização da cobertura vacinal no município de Pedreiras (MA) nos anos de 2021 e 2022
Authors: Moraes Inaldo Kley do Nascimento , Anjos Tiago Sá dos
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A vacinação é um pilar fundamental da saúde pública, desempenhando um papel crucial na prevenção de doenças contagiosas e na proteção da comunidade. O Brasil tem uma longa história de programas de vacinação bem-sucedidos, mas a manutenção de altas taxas de cobertura vacinal é fundamental para garantir a eficácia desses esforços de saúde pública. Objetivo: Caracterizar a cobertura vacinal no município de Pedreiras, localizado no estado do Maranhão, durante os anos de 2021 e 2022. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, com abordagem de série temporal. Os dados obtidos foram referentes as doses de vacinas administradas, sem intervalo de idade no município de Pedreiras – MA,  referente aos anos de  2021 e 2022 , foram coletados no site oficial do DATASUS/TabNet no período de  setembro a agosto de 2023, sendo tabulados por meio do programa Microsoft Excel 2010®, analisados por estatísticas descritivas simples. Resultados: As vacinas que tiveram maior aumento na cobertura vacinal foram: Rotavírus Humano (+16,83%), Hepatite B (+16,71%), Penta (+16,71%), Pneumocócica (+14,92%), Poliomielite (+18,69%) e Tríplice Viral D1 (+22,07%). As vacinas que tiveram maior redução na cobertura vacinal foram: BCG (-6,44%), Hepatite B em crianças até 30 dias (-4,94%), Poliomielite 4 anos (-2,6%), Hepatite A (-17,79%), Poliomielite (1º ref) (-11,84%) e Dupla adulto e tríplice acelular gestante (-24,79%). A cobertura vacinal acima de 95% em ambos os anos foram: BCG e Hepatite B em crianças até 30 dias. As vacinas que tiveram cobertura vacinal abaixo de 50% em ambos os anos foram: Tetra Viral (SRC+VZ), Poliomielite 4 anos e dTpa gestante. Considerações finais :A análise comparativa da cobertura vacinal em Pedreiras (MA) nos anos de 2021 e 2022 revela um cenário complexo, marcado por desafios persistentes e algumas melhorias nos programas de imunização. O município enfrenta obstáculos na manutenção de coberturas ideais, evidenciados pelos declínios em vacinas cruciais, como Hepatite A e B, possivelmente relacionados a fatores socioeconômicos, logísticos e de conscientização. Palavras -chave: Vacina; Caracterização; Cobertura.
The role of foreign direct investments in the developing of banking sector
Authors: Bajçinca Enver , Hajdini Agron R. , Shala Beslir , Hashani Medain
Published: January 2024

The important factor of a stable economy undoubtedly remains foreign direct investment (FDI), which helps in the establishment and economic, social and overall development of a country. Corporations that decide to invest their capital abroad of the country of origin, obviously require the destination country to have an organizational economic viability and attractive and suitable legal space. Meanwhile, the factors that affect the size, structure, benefits, costs and role of the banking sector of FDI in the economy of Kosovo will be objects of analysis of this paper. In addition to these issues, we will present the real situation of FDI in general during the last years in Kosovo, the origin of the respective countries from which these investments come and their economic activity scope. For the writing of this paper, the method of secondary data analysis and comparative method were used. Mainly, we have used the publications of the Central Bank of Kosovo (CBK), such as Financial Stability Reports and Monthly Information Reports of the Financial System. In this paper, it is concluded that FDI makes the main contribution to the development of the banking sector in Kosovo as well as in developing countries.
Działalność inwestycyjna gospodarstw rolniczych korzystających z funduszy strukturalnych Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Kusz Dariusz
Published: January 2024

Celem pracy było zaprezentowanie działalności inwestycyjnej oraz źródeł jej finansowania w gospodarstwach rolniczych korzystających z funduszy strukturalnych Unii Europejskiej. Stwierdzono, że wśród zrealizowanych inwestycji najwięcej miało charakter modernizacyjny i rozwojowy. Może to wskazywać, że głównym celem inwestowania była chęć zwiększenia dochodu rolniczego oraz wzrost zdolności produkcyjnych i umacnianie pozycji rynkowej gospodarstwa rolniczego. Głównym źródłem finansowania działalności inwestycyjnej badanych gospodarstw rolniczych były środki pozyskane w ramach funduszy strukturalnych Unii Europejskiej oraz kapitał własny. Taka struktura finansowania inwestycji może wynikać z faktu, że jest to źródło finansowania o najniższych kosztach
Wybrane zagadnienia zmian w sektorze rolno-żywnościowym w Polsce po rozszerzeniu Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Stańko Aneta , Stańko Stanisław
Published: January 2024

W artykule przedstawiono wpływ rozszerzenia Unii Europejskiej na poziom konsumpcji żywności w Polsce oraz na ceny surowców rolniczych w kraju. Analiza poziomu konsumpcji wybranych artykułów żywnościowych pokazała, że dotychczasowe trendy są kontynuowane od początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych, a akcesja Polski do Unii Europejskiej nie miała na nie wpływu. Rozszerzenie Unii spowodowało, że ceny surowców rolniczych wyrównują się wewnątrz wspólnoty
Ocena polskich rozwiązań w zakresie opodatkowania rolnictwa na tle systemów obowiązujących w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Dziemianowicz Ryta
Published: January 2024

Ścieżkę rozwoju rolnictwa warunkuje wiele czynników zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych.Istotny wpływ na tempo jego transformacji mogą mieć również instytucje, do których zaliczyć możnatakże system podatkowy. Aby jednak podatki odegrały istotną rolę w rozwoju rolnictwa, z ichkonstrukcji powinno się wyeliminować wszystkie elementy prowadzące do nieefektywnegogospodarowania i zastąpić je nowymi konstrukcjami, które przyczynią się do rozwoju tego sektora icałej gospodarki. Niestety w Polsce, jak dotychczas, nie dostosowano systemu opodatkowaniarolnictwa ani do potrzeb tego działu, ani do potrzeb rozwijającej się gospodarki. Zastosowanerozwiązania, wprowadzane jeszcze w innej rzeczywistości ekonomicznej, nie tylko nie są wydajnefiskalnie, ale także nie stymulują modernizacji tego sektora. Projektowanie nowego systemupodatkowego nie jest jednak rzeczą prostą. Jak dotychczas ani teoria, ani praktyka opodatkowania niedają jednoznacznych odpowiedzi, jaka powinna być jego konstrukcja. W związku z tym, budującnowy systemu podatkowy lub reformując istniejący, powinno się wykorzystywać zarówno aktualnąwiedzę teoretyczną, jak i dotychczasowe doświadczenia innych krajów, co zazwyczaj pozwala, już nawstępie, na wyeliminowanie ewentualnych błędów. Artykuł prezentuje systemy opodatkowaniarolnictwa zastosowane w krajach UE i jednocześnie stanowi próbę oceny polskich rozwiązaństosowanych w tym zakresie
Działania organizacji rządowych na rzecz zapewnienia odpowiedniej jakości produktów na przykładzie ryb i ich przetworów
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Monika , Kowrygo Barbara
Published: January 2024

Wprowadzenie w Polsce wspólnotowego prawa żywnościowego spowodowało zmiany wzakresie działań organizacji rządowych na rzecz zapewnienia odpowiedniej jakości produktów, w tymryb i ich przetworów. Dużo większą rolę odgrywa zapewnienie odpowiedniej higieny produkcji ibezpieczeństwa żywności. Zniesienie obowiązku stosowania Polskich Norm znacząco ograniczyłozakres obligatoryjnych parametrów jakie muszą spełniać ryby i przetwory rybne. Mnogość przepisówprawnych wymaga opracowywania ich szczegółowych analiz.
Struktura łańcucha żywnościowego oraz zmiany relacji producent-konsument w Polsce i krajach UE
Authors: Kozera Magdalena
Published: January 2024

W artykule podjęto próbę określenia realiów współczesnych kanałów dystrybucji żywnościw Polsce w aspekcie nowych uwarunkowań rynkowych na tle sytuacji w państwach UE-27 naprzykładzie rynku mięsa wieprzowego. Analizowano poszczególne elementy łańcuchamarketingowego od producenta do konsumenta, a zwłaszcza stan ich rozwoju w układzieprzestrzennym. Wskazano na różnice występujące w stopniu organizacji łańcucha marketingowegowynikające między innymi z poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego danego państwa. Wskazano nazarysowujące się tendencje i prawidłowości rozwoju ogniw łańcucha marketingowego w Polsce wkontekście integracji gospodarczej z UE
Sezonowość skupu mleka oraz jego cen przed i po wprowadzeniu systemu kwotowania w Polsce
Authors: Matysik-Pejas Renata
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono sytuację na rynku mleka w Polsce w latach 2000-2007.Scharakteryzowano w ujęciu dynamicznym dla całego badanego okresu pogłowie krów mlecznych,produkcję mleka, a także kształtowanie się cen oraz wielkości skupu tego surowca. Dokonanorównież analizy wahań sezonowych wielkości skupu mleka realizowanego przez przemysł mleczarskioraz cen skupu w okresie przed i po wprowadzeniu systemu kwotowania produkcji tego surowca wPolsce
Konkurencyjność produktów polskiego rolnictwa po wejściu do UE
Authors: Mroczek Robert
Published: January 2024

Przystąpienie Polski do UE okazało się korzystne dla polskiego rolnictwa i zakładówprzetwórstwa rolno-spożywczego. Wbrew wcześniejszym obawom nie zalała nas żywność z państwEuropy Zachodniej oraz nie było masowej upadłości firm z sektora żywnościowego. Rosnący eksportpolskiej żywności na wspólny unijny rynek oraz dodatnie saldo w handlu artykułami rolnospożywczymiświadczy o konkurencyjności polskiego sektora rolnego oraz przetwórstwa. Głównymelementem przewag komparatywnych obu tych sektorów w Polsce w odniesieniu zwłaszcza dorozwiniętych krajów UE, są niższe ceny produktów wynikające z niższej opłaty pracy ludzkiej iniższe koszty innych czynników produkcji. Wraz ze wzrostem płac przewagi te będą maleć, stądpowinna rosnąć m.in. wydajność pracy oraz nastąpić poprawa jakości produkowanych produktów.
Increasing Client Fraud Risk Disclosure with Minimization Techniques
Authors: Eutsler Jared , Fleming A. Scott , Holderness D. Kip , Jones Megan M.
Published: January 2024

SYNOPSIS

Auditing standards require auditors to conduct fraud inquiries as part of their risk assessment process. During fraud inquiries, auditors frequently ask client personnel directly about “fraud, alleged fraud, or suspected fraud,” using standard language taken from AS 2110. However, guidance from the Center for Audit Quality (CAQ) suggests that avoiding the word “fraud” results in greater disclosure regarding fraud risk. Although untested, the CAQ’s conjecture is supported by literature in psychology and criminology, which suggests that minimizing the seriousness of the offense (i.e., minimization) increases disclosure. This study examines two minimization strategies. The first involves replacing the word “fraud” with “questionable behavior.” The second employs social comparison to increase the perceived frequency that clients report misconduct to auditors. Experimental results suggest that either strategy increases client reporting intentions relative to a control condition using the language prescribed by AS 2110. Our findings may help auditors conduct more effective fraud inquiries.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors.

JEL Classifications: M42; M48.
Molecular Insights From Multiomics Studies of Physical Activity
Authors: Wei Wei , Raun Steffen H. , Long Jonathan Z.
Published: January 2024

Physical activity confers systemic health benefits and provides powerful protection against disease. There has been tremendous interest in understanding the molecular effectors of exercise that mediate these physiologic effects. The modern growth of multiomics technologies—including metabolomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics, lipidomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, and epigenomics—has provided unparalleled opportunities to systematically investigate the molecular changes associated with physical activity on an organism-wide scale. Here, we discuss how multiomics technologies provide new insights into the systemic effects of physical activity, including the integrative responses across organs as well as the molecules and mechanisms mediating tissue communication during exercise. We also highlight critical unanswered questions that can now be addressed using these high-dimensional tools and provide perspectives on fertile future research directions.
Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Diabetic Macular Edema From Fundus Photography and Optical Coherence Tomography Images: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lam Ching , Wong Yiu Lun , Tang Ziqi , Hu Xiaoyan , Nguyen Truong X. , Yang Dawei , Zhang Shuyi , Ding Jennifer , Szeto Simon K.H. , Ran An Ran , Cheung Carol Y.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of vision loss in people with diabetes. Application of artificial intelligence (AI) in interpreting fundus photography (FP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images allows prompt detection and intervention.

PURPOSE

To evaluate the performance of AI in detecting DME from FP or OCT images and identify potential factors affecting model performances.

DATA SOURCES

We searched seven electronic libraries up to 12 February 2023.

STUDY SELECTION

We included studies using AI to detect DME from FP or OCT images.

DATA EXTRACTION

We extracted study characteristics and performance parameters.

DATA SYNTHESIS

Fifty-three studies were included in the meta-analysis. FP-based algorithms of 25 studies yielded pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, and specificity of 0.964, 92.6%, and 91.1%, respectively. OCT-based algorithms of 28 studies yielded pooled AUROC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.985, 95.9%, and 97.9%, respectively. Potential factors improving model performance included deep learning techniques, larger size, and more diversity in training data sets. Models demonstrated better performance when validated internally than externally, and those trained with multiple data sets showed better results upon external validation.

LIMITATIONS

Analyses were limited by unstandardized algorithm outcomes and insufficient data in patient demographics, OCT volumetric scans, and external validation.

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis demonstrates satisfactory performance of AI in detecting DME from FP or OCT images. External validation is warranted for future studies to evaluate model generalizability. Further investigations may estimate optimal sample size, effect of class balance, patient demographics, and additional benefits of OCT volumetric scans.
Om blindsoner, utkikkspunkt og epistemologiske fellesskap: Hva kan gjøres for å skape ny kunnskap?
Authors: Skilbrei May-Len
Published: January 2024

There are many barriers for researchers’ attempts to offer new insights. Categories, perspectives and the needs of the present play a part in forming what researchers see, think and write. In this chapter I present examples from my own and others’ research in order to explore the dynamics of how such impact plays out. Lack of recognition of how one’s thinking is shaped by definitions and assumptions derived from our present situation means that researchers easily end up acting as problem solvers instead of contributing by identifying new problems and offering new analysis and insights. There is thus much to gain, for both the researcher and society, if research is able to go beyond contemporary understandings, and I end the chapter by presenting possible avenues for realizing this potential.
Hva jeg fikk til med institusjonell etnografi – og hva jeg ikke fikk til
Authors: Liodden Tone
Published: January 2024

In this chapter, I give an account of my experience using institutional ethnography (IE). IE is a sociological approach that provides methodological and analytical tools throughout the whole research process. The basic goal for researchers who employ IE is to describe and explain how institutions shape people’s everyday experiences. In turn, such experiences serve as a window into the institution – they are a means to learn about the institution itself. Certain parts of the framework, such as work knowledge, institutional capture, mapmaking, and standpoint have been particularly useful for me. I believe IE helped me to discover patterns in my empirical material that I otherwise would not have seen – such as how variation in the interview data is connected to the institutional setting. In the final stages of the project, and in later research, I have not used IE as explicitly, but it continues to work as an analytic lens that reminds me to search for the connections between local experience and more general institutional processes. I conclude the chapter with a discussion about the ways in which IE is particularly well suited for research on the interaction between professionals and users in a welfare state setting.
Om komparasjon og komparativ metode
Authors: Korsnes Olav
Published: January 2024

Starting from the premise that comparison is an indispensable and basic cognitive operation, it is argued that there is no such thing as a comparative method, and that a variety of comparative approaches and research designs are available, depending on the purpose of the comparisons and more or less explicit/implicit theoretical presuppositions about the phenomena that are compared and their interrelationships. Three different attempts at discriminating between comparative approaches are presented, in order to illustrate how different comparative research designs may be understood and justified with reference to different theoretical presuppositions and purposes. The first one is associated with the so-called “societal effect”-approach developed by Marc Maurice and his colleagues in Aix-en-Provence. The second was developed by Charles Ragin, and the third by Jürgen Kocka. It is argued that two central paradoxes are running through them all: One is the propensity to compare phenomena as if they are “the same”, although we are perfectly aware that they are not. The other is the, often tacit, presupposition that the units we are comparing can be clearly separated from each other, although we know very well that in reality they cannot be clearly separated. Examples from the author’s own research are used to illustrate how these paradoxes are encountered and how one may deal with them, and some lessons are drawn about what and how one may learn from the discussion of various comparative research approaches, strategies and designs in order to deal with challenges encountered in “close up” research in studies of professions and policy-related “commissioned research”.
Konseptualisering: Klassifisering, kategorier og begreper
Authors: Anderson Sally
Published: January 2024

Carrying out qualitative, ethnographic research in a familiar culture, language and profession is tricky. Sharing a common language, a common cultural repertoire and experiences with interlocutors may afford in-depth insight into specific settings, situations, conversations and conflicts. Yet it may also afford too easy consensus on how to interpret what is going on, what words mean, and which categories are appropriate. Whereas classic ethnographic analysis paid close attention to people’s ways of classifying and conceptualizing the worlds they inhabited, today such conceptual data is often left unexplored and thus analytically unproductive. This chapter reflects on analytical troubles native researchers may encounter when working in ‘too’ familiar settings, and suggests ways of working with such familiar concepts, categories and systems of classification that afford deeper analytical insight into the ethnographic material and field of inquiry.
Etnografi og kritisk humanisme: Kraften i tykke beskrivelser
Authors: Vike Halvard
Published: January 2024

This chapter addresses three fundamental and related challenges ethnographic research faces in our own time: weakened legitimacy, thin descriptions and poverty of theory. The first mainly concerns changing views on what are considered good research ethics, something which imposes considerable restrictions on the potential of ethnography, particularly by limiting access to important arenas for fieldwork. The second – the risk that thin descriptions become dominant – is partly a consequence of the first but is also influenced by the fact that many (and probably more and more) ethnographic analyses are based on interviews alone. By theory poverty, I refer to the tendency for the understanding of ethnographic material to be to some extent disconnected from relevant theoretical reflection, and instead, for example, reduced to coding processes. I would argue that if we look at these challenges in context, we may be in a good position to recognize the need to exploit the great opportunities of ethnography even better.
Property Corporation Exit Strategy Planning and the Importance of Contingency Leadership
Authors: Himawan Deddy Arief , Setiyono Wisnu Panggah , Fitriyah Hadiyah
Published: January 2024

This study aims to describe exit strategies in the property development services industry and highlight the importance of implementing contingency leadership in XYZ companies. The focus is on a situation where the decline in apartment sales occurs due to the saturation of the property market and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. The main objective of the study is to provide an in-depth understanding of exit strategies in the property development industry and to evaluate the role of contingency leadership in dealing with such situations. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach, which aims to describe and analyze the situation in the property development service industry. The subject of the study is Company XYZ, which represents companies in the property development industry. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with related parties at Company XYZ. Data is analyzed with steps that include description, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results showed that the decline in apartment sales has occurred since 2018 due to the saturation of the property market and the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the importance of implementing contingency leadership in dealing with the situation. This research provides a new understanding of exit strategies in the property development industry and the mechanisms for selecting them. It can be a basic policy guide for companies in the face of similar challenges. This research has a particular focus on Company XYZ.
Gen Z's Perspective: Unveiling the Impact of Emotion and Cognitive in Shaping Customer Experience in Omnichannel Context
Authors: Hidayati Nur , Rahmawati
Published: January 2024

Generation Z (Gen Z) exhibits unique characteristics in online activities, primarily through the use of social media for inspiration, product research, and interaction with favorite brands. To support this behavior, this study aims to analyze knowledge about customer experience in an omnichannel context by involving Gen Z and has involved cognitive, emotional, loyalty intention and purchase intention. This study used purposive sampling techniques to collect research participants. A total of 421 respondents met the criteria and hypotheses were tested using Smart PLS. These findings reveal that emotions have a direct effect on purchase intent, so cognitive has a direct effect on loyalty intent. In addition, emotions and cognitive also have a significant effect on E-WOM. E-WOM can also be partially mediated by the emotional and cognitive effects on purchase intent and loyalty. Gen Z is very accustomed and aware of omnichannel existence because of their familiarity with internet activities. Many Gen Z individuals see social media not only as a means of connectivity but also as a platform to seek inspiration, research products, and connect with their favorite brands. Overall, the study identifies omnichannel strategies as key to understanding and meeting the needs of Gen Z consumers, providing valuable insights for companies in improving consumer engagement and loyalty.
Anticorrosive Efficiency of the AISI 316 SS in Sustainable Ecological Concrete Manufactured with SCBA-SF Exposed to Magnesium Sulphate
Authors: Baltazar-García Brenda Paola , Baltazar-Zamora Daniel Francisco , Landa-Ruiz Laura , Reyes José , Lozano David , Méndez Ce Tochtli , Estupiñan López Francisco , Gaona-Tiburcio Citlalli , Baltazar-Zamora Miguel Angel
Published: January 2024

In this research, it was evaluated the anticorrosive efficiency of AISI 316 SS embedded in Sustainable Ecological Concrete (SEC) manufactured with partial substitutions of Portland Cement by combinations of SCBA and SF in 10%, 20%, and 30%. For the electrochemical evaluation, the Sustainable Ecological Concretes (SEC) were exposed to solution at 3.5% of MgSO4, these aggressive ions are found in soils, industrial or marine environments and that interact with the civil works that are built in these places. The dosage or proportioning of the Sustainable Ecological Concrete (SEC) mixtures was carried out as indicated by ACI 211.1. The anticorrosive efficiency of the AISI 316 SS was evaluated through the tests of the potential of corrosion (Ecorr) and corrosion rate (Icorr) during a period of 180 days of exposition to the aggressive medium. The values of Ecorr indicate in the AISI 316 SS a 10% of corrosion risk and uncertainty at the end of monitoring, according to the norm ASTM C-876-15, in all the mixtures, but the values of Icorr in the specimens manufactured with SEC indicate resistance to sulfate corrosion more than 10 times compared to conventional concrete and AISI 1018 steel.
FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT. SURYA ASIA ABADI
Authors: Sitompul Silvia Sari , Mildawati Titik
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of compensation, motivation, work stress and work environment on employee performance. The population in this study is all employees at PT Surya Asia Abadi in Pekanbaru in 2022 totaling 38 people. The number of samples used is 38 people in accordance with the number of employees at PT Surya Asia Abadi who will be studied using the census method. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The results of testing the compensation hypothesis have a positive and significant influence, motivation has a positive and significant influence and the work environment has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, while work stress has a negative and significant effect on employee performance.
THE EFFECT OF PERSON JOB FIT, PERSON ORGANIZATION FIT ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT WITH JOB SATISFACTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
Authors: Karim Muftil , Sutianingsih Sutianingsih
Published: January 2024

This study examines the effect of person-job fit and person-organization fit on organizational commitment, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. This study used a quantitative approach. This study used quantitative methodology. The main data used in this study was obtained from questionnaires distributed to the entire workforce of SAMSAT Boyolali, which amounted to 35 people. The analysis tool used is the statistical technique of Multiple Linear Regression. The analysis found that a person's job and organizational fit significantly affect job satisfaction. Person-job, fit, and person-organization fit on organizational commitment significantly affect job satisfaction. However, if you look at the direct and indirect impacts, it can be seen that job satisfaction can only mediate the influence of a person's job fit on organizational commitment; the indirect influence is stronger than the direct influence. This differs from how a person's organizational fit affects organizational commitment, resulting in greater direct influence than indirect influence.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI DALAM MENGGUNAKAN E-FILING
Authors: Azzahra Fika , Setyawati Wiwit
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemudahan, persepsi kegunaan, dan keamanan dan kerahasiaan terhadap minat wajib pajak orang pribadi dalam menggunakan E-Filing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif. Objek penelitian yaitu wajib pajak orang pribadi yang berada di Universitas Pamulang tepatnya Program Studi Sarjana Akuntansi semester 1 sampai 8. Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 6.617 mahasiswa/i pada bulan November 2023 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Accidental Sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik (uji normalitas, uji multikolinieritas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas), analisis linier berganda, uji hipotesis (uji f, uji t, dan uji koefisien determinasi) dengan bantuan software SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kemudahan, persepsi kegunaan, dan keamanan dan kerahasiaan berpengaruh secara simultan tehadap minat wajib pajak orang pribadi dalam menggunakan E-Filing. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kemudahan, persepsi kegunaan, dan keamanan dan kerahasiaan berpengaruh secara parsial tehadap minat wajib pajak orang pribadi dalam menggunakan E-Filing.
PENERAPAN TEOREMA BAYES PADA SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA GASTROINTESTINAL
Authors: Wahyuni Suci , Wiyandra Yogi , Zain Ruri Hartika , Kurnia Hezy , Yenila Firna
Published: January 2024

Gastrointestinal merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh permaslaahan pada bagian pencernaan yang memiliki fungsi yang tidak maksimal. Hal tersebut terjadi disebabkan karena proses penyerapan makanan dan nutrisi menjadi tidak seimbang. Sistem gastrointestinal melibatkan semua organ dalam dari mulut sampai anus. Pentingnya pemahaman tentang permasalahan gastrointestinal perlu disosialisasikan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada Masyarakat mengenai kondisi tersebut. Salah satu alasan dalam melakukan penelitian ini adalah memberikan informasi berbasis pengetahuan melalui aplikasi yang disampaikan oleh pakar dalam memberikan edukasi kepada Masyarakat mengenai gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi berbasis online berupa sistem pakar dengan mengusung metode teorema bayes yang mampu menghubungkan tingkat keyakinan user (prior) kepada keyakinan baru (posterior) setelah adanya suatu observasi baru (evidence) berdasarkan kemungkinan tertentu. Hasil penelitian ini terhadap ujicoba salah satu rule yang diberikan memberikan nilai keyakinan 32.04% sehingga pengujian tersebut memberikan nilai sesuai dengan ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pakar.
APLIKASI MYPRESENT UNTUK PENGELOLAAN DATA PRESENSI KARYAWAN DENGAN METODE RAD
Authors: Siburian Cindi C , Andriani Anik , Dewa Chriswardana Bayu
Published: January 2024

Sistem presensi karyawan yang masih manual memiliki beberapa kelemahan. Beberapa kelemahan pada sistem tersebut antara lain kontrol yang lemah, rentan terjadi anomali data, rentan hilang maupun rusak dalam proses pengolahan data. Berdasarkan hasil analisis masalah dengan metode PIECES diperoleh hasil bahwa sistem presensi manual di Hotel Diva Residence Yogyakarta lemah dari sisi performance, informasi, ekonomi, kontrol, efisiensi, dan servis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini membangun sistem informasi MyPresent berbasis web dengan metode Rapid Application Development. Tahapan-tahapan pembangunan sistem informasi MyPresent menerapkan tahapan-tahapan dari metode Rapid Application Development yang terdiri dari empat tahap utama yaitu requirement planning, user design, construction, dan cutover. Hasilnya diperoleh sistem informasi yang dapat dikerjakan dalam waktu singkat. Sistem informasi MyPresent menyediakan fitur-fitur untuk presensi karyawan, pengolahan data karyawan, data presensi, data pengajuan izin dan cuti dari sisi administrator.