bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of an mHealth App for Depression Screening and Monitoring (Psychologist in a Pocket): Correlational Study and Concurrence Analysis
Authors: Ramos Roann Munoz , Cheng Paula Glenda Ferrer , Jonas Stephan Michael
Published: July 2019

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) is a fast-growing professional sector. As of 2016, there were more than 259,000 mHealth apps available internationally. Although mHealth apps are growing in acceptance, relatively little attention and limited efforts have been invested to establish their scientific integrity through statistical validation. This paper presents the external validation of Psychologist in a Pocket (PiaP), an Android-based mental mHealth app which supports traditional approaches in depression screening and monitoring through the analysis of electronic text inputs in communication apps.

Objective

The main objectives of the study were (1) to externally validate the construct of the depression lexicon of PiaP with standardized psychological paper-and-pencil tools and (2) to determine the comparability of PiaP, a new depression measure, with a psychological gold standard in identifying depression.

Methods

College participants downloaded PiaP for a 2-week administration. Afterward, they were asked to complete 4 psychological depression instruments. Furthermore, 1-week and 2-week PiaP total scores (PTS) were correlated with (1) Beck Depression Index (BDI)-II and Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression (CES-D) Scale for congruent construct validation, (2) Affect Balance Scale (ABS)–Negative Affect for convergent construct validation, and (3) Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and ABS–Positive Affect for divergent construct validation. In addition, concordance analysis between PiaP and BDI-II was performed.

Results

On the basis of the Pearson product-moment correlation, significant positive correlations exist between (1) 1-week PTS and CES-D Scale, (2) 2-week PTS and BDI-II, and (3) PiaP 2-week PTS and SWLS. Concordance analysis (Bland-Altman plot and analysis) suggested that PiaP’s approach to depression screening is comparable with the gold standard (BDI-II).

Conclusions

The evaluation of mental health has historically relied on subjective measurements. With the integration of novel approaches using mobile technology (and, by extension, mHealth apps) in mental health care, the validation process becomes more compelling to ensure their accuracy and credibility. This study suggests that PiaP’s approach to depression screening by analyzing electronic data is comparable with traditional and well-established depression instruments and can be used to augment the process of measuring depression symptoms.
Evaluation of a Technology-Based Peer-Support Intervention Program for Preventing Postnatal Depression (Part 1): Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shorey Shefaly , Chee Cornelia Yin Ing , Ng Esperanza Debby , Lau Ying , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Chan Yiong Huak
Published: July 2019

Background

The frenzy of postbirth events often takes a toll on mothers’ mental well-being, leaving them susceptible to postpartum psychological disorders such as postnatal depression (PND). Social support has been found to be effective in restoring the emotional well-being of new mothers. Therefore, mothers need to be supported during the crucial postpartum period to buffer the negative after effects of childbirth and to promote healthier maternal well-being.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a technology-based peer-support intervention program (PIP) on maternal outcomes during the early postpartum period.

Methods

A randomized, parallel-armed controlled trial was conducted. The study recruited 138 mothers (69 in intervention group, 69 in control group) at risk of PND from a tertiary hospital in Singapore. To support these mothers, 20 peer volunteers were recruited by word of mouth and trained by a psychiatrist in social support skills before the intervention commenced. The 4-week–long intervention included a weekly follow-up with a peer volunteer through phone calls or text messages. The intervention group received peer support in addition to the standard care offered by the hospital. The control group only received postnatal standard care. Maternal outcomes (PND, postnatal anxiety [PNA], loneliness, and perceived social support) were measured with reliable and valid instruments. Data were collected immediately postpartum, at 1 month postpartum and at 3 months postpartum. The general linear model was used to compare the groups for postpartum percentage changes in the outcome variables at first and third months, and the linear mixed model was used to compare the trend over the study period.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference in Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores (d=–2.11; 95% CI −4.0 to −0.3; P=.03) between the intervention and control groups at 3 months postpartum after adjusting for covariates. The intervention group had a significant change over time compared with the control group.

Conclusions

The technology-based PIP was found to be effective in reducing the risk of PND among new mothers and showed a generally positive trend in reducing PNA and loneliness and increasing perceived social support. This study highlights the importance of training paraprofessionals to provide needed support for new mothers postpartum. A further long-term evaluation of the PIP on maternal and family outcomes and its cost-effectiveness is needed to inform clinical practices.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN14864807; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14864807

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/resprot.9416
The Association Among Social Support, Self-Efficacy, Use of Mobile Apps, and Physical Activity: Structural Equation Models With Mediating Effects
Authors: Wang Taotao , Ren Mengyuan , Shen Ying , Zhu Xiaorou , Zhang Xing , Gao Min , Chen Xueying , Zhao Ai , Shi Yuhui , Chai Weizhong , Liu Xinchuan , Sun Xinying
Published: July 2019

Background

Physical inactivity is a risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases. Insufficient physical activity has become an important public health problem worldwide. As mobile apps have rapidly developed, physical activity apps have the potential to improve the level of physical activity among populations.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity apps on levels of physical activity among college students.

Methods

A Web-based questionnaire was used to survey college students in Beijing from December 27, 2017, to January 5, 2018. According to a previous survey, 43% of college students using physical activity apps and 36% of those who never used such apps achieved the physical activity recommendations. In this study, the sample size was calculated to be 500. The questionnaire consisted of 5 parts: the use of physical activity apps, sports habits, social support, self-efficacy, and social demographic information. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between the use of physical activity apps, self-efficacy, social support, and level of physical activity.

Results

Of the 1245 participants, 384 college students (30.8%) used physical activity apps (in the past month). Of these 384 students, 191 (49.7%) gained new friends via the app. College students who were using physical activity apps had a higher level of physical activity and higher scores for social support and self-efficacy (P<.001) than those who did not use such apps. The use of physical activity apps significantly affected the mediating effect of physical activity level through social support (beta=.126; P<.001) and self-efficacy (beta=.294; P<.001). Gender played an important role in app use, self-efficacy, and physical activity in the mediation model: male users spent more time on physical activity and had higher self-efficacy scores (P<.001).

Conclusions

This study focused on college students in Beijing and found that the use of physical activity apps is associated with higher physical activity levels among these students. This effect is mainly through the mediation effect of social support and self-efficacy, rather than the direct effect of physical activity apps. The use of physical activity apps is associated with a higher social support level and higher self-efficacy score. Furthermore, a high social support level and high self-efficacy score are associated with higher physical activity levels.
Development of an Ambulatory Biofeedback App to Enhance Emotional Awareness in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder: Multicycle Usability Testing Study
Authors: Derks Youri PMJ , Klaassen Randy , Westerhof Gerben J , Bohlmeijer Ernst T , Noordzij Matthijs L
Published: July 2019

Background

Patients with borderline personality disorder experience great difficulties in regulating their emotions. They often are unable to effectively detect their emotional arousal and struggle to timely apply learned techniques for emotion regulation. Although the use of continuous wearable biofeedback has been repeatedly suggested as an option to improve patients’ emotional awareness, this type of app is not yet available for clinical use. Therefore, we developed an ambulatory biofeedback app named Sense-IT that can be integrated in mental health care.

Objective

The aim of the study was to develop an ambulatory biofeedback app for mental health care that helps with learning to better recognize changes in personal emotional arousal and increases emotional awareness.

Methods

Using several methods in a tailored User Centred Design (UCD) framework, we tested the app’s usability and user experience (UX) via a cyclic developmental process with multiple user groups (patients, therapists, and UCD experts; 3-5 per group, per cycle).

Results

The process resulted in a stable prototype of the app that meets most of the identified user requirements. The app was valued as useful and usable by involved patients, therapists, and UCD experts. On the Subjective Usability Scale (SUS), the patients rated the app as “Good” (average score of 78.8), whereas the therapists rated the app as “OK” (average score of 59.4). The UCD experts judged the app’s overall usability as between “OK” and “acceptable” (average score of 0.87 on a cognitive walkthrough). As most critical usability problems were identified and addressed in the first cycle of the prototyping process, subsequent cycles were mainly about implementing new or extending existing functions, and other adjustments to improve UX.

Conclusions

mHealth development within a clinical mental health setting is challenging, yet feasible and welcomed by targeted users. This paper shows how new mHealth interventions for mental health care can be met with enthusiasm and openness by user groups that are known to be reluctant to embrace technological innovations. The use of the UCD framework, involving multiple user groups, proved to be of added value during design and realization as evidenced by the complementary requirements and perspectives. Future directions on studying clinical effectiveness of the app, appliance of the app in other fields, and the implications of integration of the app for daily practice in mental health are discussed.
Mobile Health Coaching on Nutrition and Lifestyle Behaviors for Subfertile Couples Using the Smarter Pregnancy Program: Model-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Oostingh Elsje C , Ophuis Robbin H , Koster Maria PH , Polinder Suzanne , Lingsma Hester F , Laven Joop SE , Steegers-Theunissen Régine PM
Published: July 2019

Background

The health care costs for reproductive care have substantially increased with the use of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. The mobile health (mHealth) coaching program Smarter Pregnancy is an effective intervention to improve nutrition and lifestyle behaviors and pregnancy rates in (sub)fertile couples, including those who undergo IVF treatment. Therefore, we hypothesize that this mHealth program can also reduce health care costs associated with IVF treatment.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the mHealth coaching program Smarter Pregnancy and compare it to usual care in women of subfertile couples who start their first IVF cycle.

Methods

This model-based cost-effectiveness analysis was performed on data from couples undergoing IVF treatment at the Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam. A decision tree model was used to assess the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of ongoing pregnancies and costs of use of the mHealth program as compared to usual care. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed to consider the uncertainty surrounding the point estimates of the input parameters.

Results

Based on our model including 793 subfertile women undergoing IVF treatment, use of the mHealth program resulted in 86 additional pregnancies and saved €270,000 compared to usual care after two IVF cycles, with an ICER of –€3050 (95% CI –3960 to –540) per additional pregnancy. The largest cost saving was caused by the avoided IVF treatment costs. Sensitivity analyses showed that the mHealth program needs to increase the ongoing pregnancy rate by at least 51% after two IVF cycles for cost saving.

Conclusions

The mHealth coaching program Smarter Pregnancy is potentially cost saving for subfertile couples preceding their first IVF treatment. Implementation of this mHealth program in routine preconception care for subfertile couples should be seriously considered, given the relatively low costs and promising cost-effectiveness estimates.
Spinal Cord Injury Veterans’ Disability Benefits, Outcomes, and Health Care Utilization Patterns: Protocol for a Qualitative Study
Authors: Fyffe Denise C , Williams Joyce , Tobin Paul , Gibson-Gill Carol
Published: July 2019

Background

An estimated 42,000 people currently living with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) are veterans. SCI was a common combat-related injury in the World Wars and Vietnam era and now affects more than 11% of military personnel injured in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. The Veterans Benefits Administration primarily offers financial compensation for disabilities sustained or re-aggravated during military service, called service-connected disability compensation. With the overwhelming cost of living with an SCI, this monthly financial compensation can provide service-connected veterans and their families with access to additional supportive resources (eg, assistive devices and personal aide) and maintain their quality of life (QOL). Little is known about personal, health, functional, and QOL outcomes associated with service-connected and nonservice-connected status for veterans living with an SCI.

Objective

The aim of this study is to compare the ways in which Veterans Affairs’ (VA) service-connected and nonservice-connected status may be associated with health and functional outcomes, choice of health care provider, and overall QOL for veterans living with an SCI and their caregivers.

Methods

This cross-sectional qualitative study will gather data using retrospective chart reviews, semistructured interviews, and focus groups. After obtaining institutional review board (IRB) approval, purposeful sampling techniques will be used to recruit and enroll the following key stakeholders: veterans living with an SCI, family caregivers, and SCI health care providers. Concurrent data collection will take place at 2 sites: Veterans Administration New Jersey Healthcare System and Northern New Jersey Spinal Cord Injury System.

Results

This study was funded in July 2015. IRB approval was obtained by November 2016 at both sites. Enrollment and data collection for phase 1 to phase 4 are complete. A total of 69 veterans, 18 caregivers, and 19 SCI clinicians enrolled in the study. Data analyses for these phases are underway. In phase 5, the follow-up focus group activities are scheduled. The final results are expected by the end of 2019.

Conclusions

The factors that contribute to veterans living with SCI seeking and not seeking VA disability compensation benefits are not well understood in rehabilitation research. Triangulation of these data sources will allow us to compare, contrast, and integrate the results, which can be used to develop clinical guidelines, caregiver training, and patient education programs.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/14039
The SMART Framework: Integration of Citizen Science, Community-Based Participatory Research, and Systems Science for Population Health Science in the Digital Age
Authors: Katapally Tarun Reddy
Published: July 2019

Citizen science enables citizens to actively contribute to all aspects of the research process, from conceptualization and data collection, to knowledge translation and evaluation. Citizen science is gradually emerging as a pertinent approach in population health research. Given that citizen science has intrinsic links with community-based research, where participatory action drives the research agenda, these two approaches could be integrated to address complex population health issues. Community-based participatory research has a strong record of application across multiple disciplines and sectors to address health inequities. Citizen science can use the structure of community-based participatory research to take local approaches of problem solving to a global scale, because citizen science emerged through individual environmental activism that is not limited by geography. This synergy has significant implications for population health research if combined with systems science, which can offer theoretical and methodological strength to citizen science and community-based participatory research. Systems science applies a holistic perspective to understand the complex mechanisms underlying causal relationships within and between systems, as it goes beyond linear relationships by utilizing big data–driven advanced computational models. However, to truly integrate citizen science, community-based participatory research, and systems science, it is time to realize the power of ubiquitous digital tools, such as smartphones, for connecting us all and providing big data. Smartphones have the potential to not only create equity by providing a voice to disenfranchised citizens but smartphone-based apps also have the reach and power to source big data to inform policies. An imminent challenge in legitimizing citizen science is minimizing bias, which can be achieved by standardizing methods and enhancing data quality—a rigorous process that requires researchers to collaborate with citizen scientists utilizing the principles of community-based participatory research action. This study advances SMART, an evidence-based framework that integrates citizen science, community-based participatory research, and systems science through ubiquitous tools by addressing core challenges such as citizen engagement, data management, and internet inequity to legitimize this integration.
An Online Minimally Guided Intervention to Support Family and Other Unpaid Carers of People With Dementia: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pinto-Bruno Ángel C , Pot Anne Margriet , Kleiboer Annet , Droes Rose-Marie , van Straten Annemieke
Published: July 2019

Background

About three-quarters of people with dementia live in their own homes, with help from family members and/or other unpaid carers, such as friends or neighbors. Often, unpaid carers themselves experience negative consequences, such as stress, burden, and symptoms of depression or anxiety. Research has shown that these consequences can be alleviated by psychosocial and psychological interventions. Moreover, there are indications that those interventions can be effective when offered online.

Objective

This paper describes the protocol of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that will take place in the Netherlands to evaluate the effectiveness of iSupport, a minimally guided, internet-based intervention to improve carers’ mental health and coping resources.

Methods

A superiority two-arm RCT comparing the effects of the online support program with a waiting list control condition will be carried out in the Netherlands. The iSupport intervention was developed by the World Health Organization and is based on cognitive behavioral therapy principles. It has five main themes divided into 23 lessons. Carers can pick and choose which lessons they want to complete. We aim to recruit 200 unpaid carers. The experimental group (n=100) will be provided with access to the intervention for 3 months following randomization; those in the waiting list control group (n=100) will be granted access to the intervention after 3 months. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (T0), 3 months after baseline (post intervention, T1), and 6 months after baseline (follow-up, T2). The primary outcome is perceived stress, measured by the Perceived Stress Scale. Secondary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety, caregiver burden, sense of competence, self-efficacy, mastery, and carers’ attitudes toward dementia and their person-centered approach (ie, to what extent carers tailor the provided care to the interest, needs, and history of the person with dementia).

Results

Recruitment for the trial started in January 2019. As of July 2019, we have enrolled 120 participants. Data collection is expected to be completed by March 2020. Once all the data have been collected, we will conduct the data analyses between April and May 2020. We aim to publish our results in a manuscript by June 2020.

Conclusions

Online interventions have shown promising results in improving the mental health of carers of people with dementia. Additionally, online interventions may overcome accessibility barriers. If successful, this intervention will have important potential for implementation as a public health intervention, since costs and support by trained staff are minimal.

Trial Registration

Netherlands Trial Register (NTL) NL6417; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6417

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/14106
Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives on the Secondary Use of Health Records to Improve Quality and Safety of Care in England: Qualitative Study
Authors: Neves Ana Luísa , Poovendran Dilkushi , Freise Lisa , Ghafur Saira , Flott Kelsey , Darzi Ara , Mayer Erik K
Published: July 2019

Background

Health care professionals (HCPs) are often patients’ first point of contact in what concerns the communication of the purposes, benefits, and risks of sharing electronic health records (EHRs) for nondirect care purposes. Their engagement is fundamental to ensure patients’ buy-in and a successful implementation of health care data sharing schemes. However, their views on this subject are seldom evaluated.

Objective

This study aimed to explore HCPs’ perspectives on the secondary uses of health care data in England. Specifically, we aimed to assess their knowledge on its purposes and the main concerns about data sharing processes.

Methods

A total of 30 interviews were conducted between March 27, 2017, and April 7, 2017, using a Web-based interview platform and following a topic guide with open-ended questions. The participants represented a variety of geographic locations across England (London, West Midlands, East of England, North East England, and Yorkshire and the Humber), covering both primary and secondary care services. The transcripts were compiled verbatim and systematically reviewed by 2 independent reviewers using the framework analysis method to identify emerging themes.

Results

HCPs were knowledgeable about the possible secondary uses of data and highlighted its importance for patient profiling and tailored care, research, quality assurance, public health, and service delivery planning purposes. Main concerns toward data sharing included data accuracy, patients’ willingness to share their records, challenges on obtaining free and informed consent, data security, lack of adequacy or understanding of current policies, and potential patient exposure and exploitation.

Conclusions

These results suggest a high level of HCPs’ understanding about the purposes of data sharing for secondary purposes; however, some concerns still remain. A better understanding of HCPs’ knowledge and concerns could inform national communication policies and improve tailoring to maximize efficiency and improve patients’ buy-in.
Development of a Digital Decision Support Tool to Aid Participation of Children With Disabilities in Pediatric Rehabilitation Services: Explorative Qualitative Study
Authors: Vinblad Elin , Larsson Ingrid , Lönn Maria , Olsson Emma , Nygren Jens M , Svedberg Petra
Published: July 2019

Background

Building a health care system in accordance with the rule of law requires child-centered care, where children and young people, regardless of ability, are allowed to participate in visits with their health care professionals. As part of an overall project focusing on developing and implementing a digital decision support tool to increase the participation of children with disabilities in pediatric rehabilitation, this study brings new knowledge as to how this specific patient group views participation.

Objective

The aim of this formative study was to explore the experiences of children and young people with disabilities concerning increasing their participation in the pediatric rehabilitation services.

Methods

The formative study had an explorative design, based on a latent qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Interviews were conducted with 20 children (6-17 years) and 8 young people (19-30 years) with disabilities about their experiences of participation in pediatric rehabilitation services.

Results

A total of 3 categories emerged reflecting the participants’ possibilities of participation in the pediatric rehabilitation services: to feel involved, to feel independent, and to work in partnership. To feel involved meant being listened to and being connected, to feel independent meant being admitted and being enabled, and to work in partnership meant being supported and being able to entrust others with the decision making. With the overall theme moving toward empowerment of children in pediatric rehabilitation, a true feeling of participation can be experienced.

Conclusions

The views of children and young people with disabilities are that children should be given the prerequisites for empowerment by being allowed to feel involved and independent as well as to work in partnership to experience true participation in the pediatric rehabilitation services. This finding is essential in the design of a digital decision support tool based on the children’s needs and perspectives.
The Influence of Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor Gene Polymorphisms on Albuterol Therapy for Patients With Asthma: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hikino Keiko , Kobayashi Shinobu , Ota Erika , Mushiroda Taisei , Kobayashi Tohru
Published: July 2019

Background

Albuterol is one of the most frequently used medications in clinical practice and seeing varying responses to albuterol between individuals is not uncommon. Multiple studies have been conducted to investigate the associations of differing responses due to albuterol, particularly with regards to the two nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions 16 (Arg16Gly: substitution of arginine to glycine at position 16; rs1042713) and 27 (Glu27Gln: substitution of glutamic acid to glutamine at position 27; rs1042714) on the β-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene. However, the directions of the correlations are conflicting.

Objective

The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of the two SNPs on the ADRB2 gene, in terms of the responses that present in asthmatic patients shortly after albuterol inhalation.

Methods

The primary outcome of this work is a detailed study of the associations of the two SNPs in the ADRB2 gene with treatment response and lung function testing shortly after administration of albuterol to asthmatic patients. A comprehensive literature search, using the OVID platform, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, will be conducted by a specialized librarian without language restrictions. We will include both prospective and retrospective original observational studies, and we will exclude nonhuman or in vitro studies. All abstracts will be reviewed by two authors who will also individually perform data extraction from each eligible study. Any arising disagreements will be resolved through discussion with a third party. Risk of bias for all included studies will be independently assessed using the quality of genetic association studies tool. We will report the systematic review and meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. A narrative synthesis of study results or meta-analyses will be undertaken when appropriate.

Results

At the moment of writing, we have already started the preliminary literature search and piloting of the study selection process. The anticipated completion date is September 30, 2019.

Conclusions

Our systematic review and meta-analysis aims to clarify the current evidence of associations between the two nonsynonymous SNPs in the ADRB2 gene and the responses that present in asthmatic patients shortly after albuterol inhalation. If positive correlations are found, this knowledge may be used to improve personalized pharmacotherapy of albuterol use.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42019074554; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=74554

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/14759
DETERMINATION OF VINDOLINE AND RUTIN CONTENT IN FIVE DIFFERENT MORPHOTYPES OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS LEAVES USING HPLC
Authors: KAPOOR MANISH , RANI JYOTI
Published: August 2019

Objective: To determine total phenolic and flavonoids contents and also quantify vindoline and rutin in different morphotypes of Catharanthus roseus using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.

Methods: Total flavonoids content (TFC) was determined by Aluminium chloride colorimetric and total phenolic content (TPC) was estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay. The chromatographic separation was done by using a C18 column at room temperature and eluted with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of phosphate buffer (pH=5.8) and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/minute and detection was carried out at 254 nm.

Results: TPC and TFC content was found highest in Cr00DP and lowest in Cr00WFSRE. Results also showed that the purple morphotypes Cr00DP gives more vindoline (0.3 mg/g) and rutin (18.57 mg/g) concentration compared to the pink morphotype Cr00PFRE contained 18.3 mg/g rutin and 0.2 mg/g vindoline. White morphotypes contained 0.383 mg/g rutin and 0.004 mg/g vindoline which was significantly less as compared to purple and pink morphotypes.

Conclusion: The plant has significant number of alkaloids and flavonoids. The obtained outcomes from different morphotypes are thus significant for the purpose of vindoline and rutin isolation from Catharanthus roseus plant. These isolated bioactive phytoconstituents are a good candidate for further pharmacological and clinical study.
Historia de depósito de la Formación Concepción del Oro, noreste de Zacatecas, México: Implicaciones tectonosedimentarias para el desarrollo del sistema de antepaís en el noreste de México durante el Cretácico Tardío
Authors: Pinzon-Sotelo Marisol Polet , Ocampo-Díaz Yam Zul Ernesto , Ramírez-Díaz Ariel , Guerrero-Suastegui Martin , Aceves de Alba Jorge , Chavez-Cabello Gabriel
Published: August 2019

Un análisis sedimentológico e icnológico realizado en los miembros Tierras Blancas y Rancho Viejo de la Formación Concepción del Oro (Turoniano-Campaniano temprano), en la región de Concepción del Oro, Zacatecas, permite documentar las características sedimentológicas, la evolución sedimentaria y su relación con el cinturón orogénico. El Miembro Tierras Blancas (Turoniano-Conianciano temprano) está conformado por sucesiones de líneas de costa deltaicas (e.g., frentes deltaicos influenciados/dominados por ríos o por oleaje/tormentas), con ensambles icnofaunísticos correspondientes a las icnofacies de Skolithos y Cruziana e Índice de Bioturbación (IB) variable (IB 0 – 4), representados por trazas de organismos que se alimentan de material en suspensión y del sustrato, con trazas pequeñas a moderadas, controladas por las condiciones de salinidad, oxigenación, aporte de nutrientes y energía del ambiente sedimentario. El Miembro Rancho Viejo (Coniaciano tardío-Campaniano temprano) consiste de canales submarinos de tipo mixto, canal submarino de depósito, desborde de canal o canal abandonado, transición lóbulo-canal, lóbulo de depósito, y depósitos de complejos de transporte de masas (CTM) del tipo II, caracterizados por icnogéneros de las icnofacies de Cruziana en su expresión distal, Zoophycus y Nereites, con IB variable entre ausente y abundante (IB 0 – 5), caracterizado por trazas de organismos con tamaños moderados a grandes que se alimentan de material en suspensión, los cuales combinan las actividades de alimentación y generación de vivienda. Los vectores promedio de paleocorrientes en estructuras relacionadas con procesos de oleaje sugieren una línea de costa deltaica con una dirección casi SE 20°-NW 20°, mientras que las estructuras unidireccionales asociadas con el transporte de sedimentos indican que la progradación del sistema deltaico fue preferentemente hacia el NE20°, perpendicular al cinturón orogénico. Las direcciones documentadas en surcos de erosión y estructuras de arrastre de partículas en los sistemas profundos (Miembro Rancho Viejo) determinan una dirección preferente hacia el SE45° y SW30°, indicando que el transporte de los sedimentos fue perpendicular y axial al cinturón orogénico.
The utilization of chicken bone activated carbon as an adsorbent and its implementation in chemistry learning
Authors: Zulaiha Siti
Published: July 2019

Brownish yellow is one of the characteristics of bore well water which indicates a high concentration of iron (Fe) that will affect human health and damage the aesthetic value. This study aims to purify the bore well water by reducing the concentration of Fe metal by adsorption of chicken bone activated carbon (CBAC) and implementing the results of research on the material of colloidal adsorption properties at Pekanbaru Telkom Vocational High School. CBAC is made through 3 steps namely dehydration at 50oC, carbonization at 400oC and activation with HCl, formic acid and NaOH pa. Each 1 gram of CBAC is mixed with the volume varied by 5; 10; 15; 20 and 25 ml. Measurements of Fe metal concentrations were carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and the data obtained were then analyzed descriptively through tables and graphs. Maximum adsorption of CBAC was obtained in 20 ml of bore well water with a percentage reduction 99.92%. All results of treatment meet Fe metal quality standards as stipulated in Republic of Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation No. 416 of 1990. Analysis of student response questionnaires based on questionnaire analysis techniques obtained a cumulative value of 88.62% (very good).
AMOBILISASI BIJI DURIAN (Durio zibethinus) DALAM Ca-ALGINAT SEBAGAI BIOSORBEN ZAT WARNA METILEN BIRU
Authors: Lestari Intan
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penyerapan zat warna metilen biru menggunakan biji durian teramobilisasi Ca-alginat. Dalam penelitian ini serbuk biji durian di amobilisasi dengan Ca-alginat dengan teknik penjebakan (entrapment). Biosorben yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan intrumen XRF, FTIR dan SEM. Biosorben biji durian teramobilisasi Ca-alginat digunakan untuk penyerapan metilen biru dengan mempelajari pengaruh parameter adsorbsi seperti pH, waktu kontak, massa dan konsentrasi metilen biru. Dari hasil penyerapan diperoleh pH optimal yaitu pada pH 3, waktu kontak optimum 30 menit, massa biosorben 0,5 g dan konsentrasi zat warna optimal 3 ppm. Larutan HNO3 digunakan untuk regenerasi biosorben dan penyerapan metilen biru  dapat  dilakukan untuk 3 kali ulangan.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENYARINGAN AIR LIMBAH LAUNDRY
Authors: Gemala Mega , Oktarizal Hengky
Published: July 2019

Laundry merupakan usaha yang menghasilkan limbah cair setiap harinya yang bisa berdampak pada pencemaran tanah dan air jika tidak dikelola dan diolah dengan benar. Dilihat secara visual kondisi air limbah laundry di lingkungan PT X Kampung Seraya, Komplek Pelita Kecamatan Lubuk Baja masih belum memenuhi syarat kualitas air yang baik, maka diperlukan suatu pengolahan (treatment) dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan menggunakan metode penyaringan sederhana. Metode ini diharapkan dapat digunakan oleh PT X dalam mengolah limbah cair yang dihasilkan sebelum dibuang ke badan air dengan tujuan mengurangi beban pencemaran air pada lingkungan yang sesuai standar kesehatan masyarakat yang memenuhi parameter kualitas air dari segi fisika dan kimia sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.5 Tahun 2014. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian eksperimen atau percobaan (experiment research).Adapun rancangan penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah one group pretest-posttest (pretest-posttest design.          Dari hasil penelitian pada kualitas air sebelum pengolahan, terdapat beberapa parameter tidak memenuhi syarat dan setelah dilakukan pengolahan dengan kombinasi penyaringan zeolite dan arang aktif dapat memperbaiki kualitas air limbah laundry yaitu menurunkan kadar phospat hingga 98,46%.
Pemerolehan Pengetahuan Matematika pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Dewi Rina Kusuma , Kamid Kamid , Saharudin Saharudin
Published: July 2019

Abstrak

   Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengetahuan Matematika yang muncul pada anak usia 3-4 tahun (2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana anak usia dini memperoleh pengetahuan Matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan naratif. Tekhnik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi kegiatan permainan anak dengan menggunakan media puzzle angka, telur warna, balok susun, dan puzzle bergambar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan media bermain yang edukatif untuk anak bisa memunculkan pengetahuan matematika yang sesuai dengan perkembangan usianya. Hal ini dilihat dari kemampuan anak yang telah mampu: (1) memasangkan benda-benda yang berkaitan (pairing) melalui media puzzle angka, pemerolehan pengetahuan matematikanya dengan cara mencocokkan ukuran bentuk kepingan puzzle (trial and error) dan secara berulang-ulang, mengenali bentuk yang sesuai pada kepingan puzzle dan selanjutnya anak paham akan bentuk ukuran dan menyebutkan lambang bilangan pada puzzle angka (2) mengelompokkan berdasarkan warna (matching). Melalui media telur warna pemerolehan pengetahuan matematika ditunjukkan dengan kemampuan anak mengindentifikasi warna (3) mengurutkan benda berdasarkan ukuran dari yang kecil ke besar atau sebaliknya (seriation).

Kata kunci : pengetahuan matematika, anak usia dini

 

Abstrack

The purpose of this study are (1) to find out whether there is mathematical knowledge that arises in children aged 3-4 years (2) to find out how early childhood children acquire mathematical knowledge. The method used in this research is qualitative with a narrative approach. Data collection techniques using observation sheets, interviews and documentation based on children's play activities using media Puzzle Figures, Color Eggs, Stacking Beams, and Picture Puzzles.Results of the research showed that the tools of early childhood education have succeeded to encourage math sciences for early childhood aged 3-4 years old. This can be seen from the ability of early childhood who have been able to: (1) pair objects that are paired through Number Puzzle media, gain mathematical knowledge by matching the size of the puzzle pieces (trial and error) and repeatedly, recognizing shapes which is appropriate in the puzzle piece and then the child understands the shape of the size and mentions the number symbol on the number puzzle (2) grouping according to matching. Through Egg media Color acquisition of mathematical knowledge is indicated by the ability of children to identify colours (3) sort objects based on size from small to large or vice versa (seriation).

Key Words: math sciences, early child hood
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Generatif terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Awal Matematis Siswa
Authors: Qonaah Aan , Pujiastuti Heni , Fatah Abdul
Published: July 2019

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pembelajaran generatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi  matematis siswa berdasarkan kemampuan awal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 6 Pandeglang,  kelas XI yang berjumlah 9 kelas. Dengan teknik purposive sampling diperoleh kelas XI IPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas XI IPA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalahThe nonequivalentpretest-postest control group design. Selama penelitian berlangsung kelompok eksperimen diberi perlakuan model pembelajaran generatif sedangkan kelas kontrol menggunakan model pembelajaran ekspositori. Analisis data dilakukan terhadap rataan gain ternormalisasi antara dua kelompok sampel. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) Peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa  yang  diberi  perlakuan model pembelajaran generatif  lebih tinggi  daripada siswa  yang mendapat model pembelajaran ekspositori; (2) Terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kemampuan awal matematis (KAM) terhadap peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa; (3) Terdapat peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis pada siswa dengan KAM tinggi; (4) Tidak terdapat peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis pada siswa dengan KAM sedang dan rendah.

Kata kunci: kemampuan komunikasi matematis, pembelajaran generatif, kemampuan awal matematika

 

Abstract

This study aims to look at the effect of generative learning to improve students' mathematical communication skills based on early mathematic abilities. This type of research is quasi-experimental research. The population in this study were students of SMAN 6 Pandeglang, class XI which numbered 9 classes. The purposive sampling technique was obtained in class XI IPA 4 as the control class and class XI IPA 5 as the experimental class. The research design used was The Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. During the research, the experimental group was treated with generative learning models while the control class used the expository learning model. Data analysis was performed on normalized gain average between two sample groups. The results of this study are (1) Increased mathematical communication skills of students who are treated with a generative learning model higher than students who get an expository learning model; (2) There is an interaction between the learning model and early mathematic abilities (EMA) on improving students' mathematical communication skills; (3) There is an increase in mathematical communication skills in students with high EMA; (4) There is no increase in mathematical communication skills in students with moderate and low EMA.

Keywords:mathematical communication ability, generative learning, early mahthematics ability
Dukungan Orang Tua Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas Unggul
Authors: Rosmalinda Desy , Zulyanty Marni
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Excellent class students represent students who are considered to have higher intelligence than their peers. The students have to join the exam before, so the school can map the level of their cognitive abilities. Apart from the seriousness of learning, the intelligence possessed by excellent students is inseparable from the existence of parental support. This research supports to see how the form of parental support for students. Data collection is done by collecting questionnaires for students and also parents of students at Al-Falah Islamic Elementary School in Jambi city. Questionnaires have been processed are completed qualitatively so that the data obtained is descriptive. The results of questionnaire analysis are there are various kinds of assistance provided by parents to students, some of them provide a comfortable learning place, consider the needs of children and support every effort undertaken by children.

Keywords: excellent class, learning motivation, parental support
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Pada Mata Kuliah Konsep Dasar Matematika Di Universitas Jambi
Authors: Yantoro Y
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to find out the difficulties of any difficulties experienced by students and what factors influence it. The procedure of this study uses a qualitative approach, the place of research in Elementary School Teacher Education FKIP Jambi University. The study population was 261 students. The sample of this study 15% with random sampling technique. Data was taken through observation, tests, questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis is done by studying, arranging, synthesizing, looking for patterns and finding what is systematically meaningful. The results of the study only 20% of students reached KKM 75 / B + passed the test because: (1) students had difficulty understanding basic geometry concepts (2) students had difficulty in using the formula (3) routine students in understanding the connectedness of each build and 4 ) Difficult students solve questions that are mixed with application stories that require analysis. While the factors that influence it are (1) the basic ability of students to mathematics is still low (2) learning motivation is still low (3) low learning readiness (4) the availability of books / references that are minimal (5) lack of trying to solve complicated / reasoning questions . Conclusion of Research, that students have difficulty learning in geometry material, and the determining factor is the lack of readiness and seriousness of students in solving these difficulties.

 

Keywords: Analysis, Learning Difficulties, Basic Concepts of Mathematics
Token Ekonomi Sebuah Tips Pembiasaan Perilaku Positif Di SMP Negeri 8 Kota Jambi
Authors: Sokiyah S
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengubah perilaku negatif menjadi perilaku positif melalui pemberian token ekonomi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Kota Jambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Lapangan (PTL). Tindakan dilakukan melalui kolaborasi dengan pengurus OSIS yang melakukan observasi dan pemberian token ekonomi pada tahap awal. Tahap selanjutnya, pemberian token konomi dilakukan oleh konselor sekolah. Setiap tindakan diberikan dalam tiga sikuls penelitian denga  tahap-tahap yang sama. Setiap tahap dilakukan berdasarkan lagkah-langkah perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, pemberian token ekonomi, evaluasi, refleksi dan revisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui pemberian token ekonomi, perilaku negatif siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Kota Jambi dapat diubah menjadi perilaku positif.
Implementasi Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Multimedia Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Arsil A
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of multimedia-assisted problem based learning in elementary schools. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. The place of research is SDN 64 / I Muara Bulian, the research subject is class V students. The research procedures are data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. Data collection techniques: Observation and Interview. The results of the study, namely the implementation of a multimedia-based problem based learning model, is very helpful for students in carrying out problem solving activities. Science materials presented through learning videos are more interesting and arouse students' interest in learning. However, the obstacle faced by teachers is the difficulty of formulating problems in science materials and looking for learning resources in the form of learning videos that are suitable for learning. So that as a teacher of course must be creative in creating problem solving activities, considering problem solving is one aspect that students must have in the 21st century.