bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pneumatically actuated adaptive lenses with millisecond response time
Authors: Campbell Kyle , Fainman Yeshaiahu , Groisman Alex
Published: October 2007

We describe the design and operation of two pneumatically actuated adaptive lenses with refractive power adjustable by >4 diopters. The refractive element in the lenses is a transparent flexible membrane. When vacuum is applied, the membrane is deformed and becomes a diverging meniscus lens. The two lenses have membranes with 18 and 12mm diameters and 5 and 2ms transition times after sudden changes in pressure. Both lenses can be driven at 500Hz with 4 diopter variation in the refractive power. The adaptive lenses can be used for longitudinal scanning in three-dimensional imaging and for fast focusing.
Stable dual-wavelength operation of InGaAs diode lasers with volume Bragg gratings
Authors: Zolotovskaya S. A. , Daghestani N. , Venus G. B. , Glebov L. B. , Smirnov V. I. , Rafailov E. U.
Published: October 2007

Stable dual-wavelength operation of InGaAs diode lasers coupled with volume Bragg gratings has been demonstrated for the continuous wave and gain-switching regimes. Spectral narrowing down to 0.33nm has been realized with maximum output power of up to 1.85W from a broad area stripe laser diode in a single-grating external cavity configuration. Spectral separation from 0.5 (0.16THz)to6.5nm (2.05THz) has been obtained and an output power of up to 1.75W was achieved in dual-wavelength operation.
Enhanced 1.53μm photoluminescence from Er-doped AlGaAs wet thermal native oxides by postoxidation implantation
Authors: Huang M. , Hall D. C.
Published: October 2007

A significant enhancement in the 300K, cw photoluminescence (PL) from Er-doped Al0.3Ga0.7As native oxide films is achieved by incorporating the Er after (relative to before) wet thermal oxidation of the AlGaAs. Postoxidation Er ion implantation (1015cm−2 and 300keV) prevents the formation of nonradiative ErAs complexes, leading to a relatively long 1.53μm fluorescence lifetime τ=6.1ms (an approximately seven times improvement) with approximately three times enhancement in the PL intensity. The data suggest that Er-doped AlGaAs native oxides formed using postoxidation implantation may be a viable active media for monolithic optoelectronic integration of waveguide amplifiers on GaAs substrates.
Transport property study of MgO–GaAs(001) contacts for spin injection devices
Authors: Le Breton J. C. , Le Gall S. , Jézéquel G. , Lépine B. , Schieffer P. , Turban P.
Published: October 2007

The electrical properties of Au∕MgO∕n-GaAs(001) tunnel structures have been investigated with capacitance-voltage and current-voltage measurements at room temperature with various MgO thicknesses between 0.5 and 6.0nm. For an oxide thickness higher than 2nm and for low bias voltages, the voltage essentially drops across the oxide and the structure progressively enters the high-current mode of operation with increasing reverse bias voltage, the property sought in spin injection devices. In this mode, we demonstrate that a large amount of charge accumulates at the MgO∕GaAs interface in interface traps located in the semiconductor band gap.
Propagation based differential phase contrast imaging and tomography of murine tissue with a laser plasma x-ray source
Authors: Laperle Christopher M. , Wintermeyer Philip , Wands Jack R. , Shi Daxin , Anastasio Mark A. , Li Xiaodi , Ahr Brian , Diebold Gerald J. , Rose-Petruck Christoph
Published: October 2007

An ultrafast, laser-driven x-ray source with a liquid mercury target has been used for phase contrast imaging of an excised murine liver and for computed tomography of an electronic component. The x-ray spectrum emitted at 5kHz repetition rate is found to be similar to that of a 2.5W, 30kV microfocus x-ray tube with a tungsten anode. The images of the excised liver show the venous network with approximately 20μm spatial resolution. Phase contrast features in the tomographic images of the electronic component, transferred to the orthogonal cross sections upon reconstruction, show the internal components of the device with high contrast. Adequate signal-to-noise ratios in the images were achieved with exposure times between 1 and 3min.
Epitaxial growth of one-dimensional Ca3Co2O6 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Moubah R. , Bouaine A. , Ulhaq-Bouillet C. , Schmerber G. , Versini G. , Barre S. , Loison J. L. , Drillon M. , Colis S. , Dinia A.
Published: October 2007

We report on the growth and structural properties of Ca3Co2O6 thin films deposited by pulsed laser ablation on SrTiO3 substrates heated at 700°C. In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction and ex situ atomic force microscopy observations reveal that Ca3Co2O6 grows in a three-dimensional (3D) mode with a surface roughness of about 1.5nm rms. X-ray diffraction and cross-section transmission electron microscopy characterizations show that the deposited films are epitaxial without secondary phases and with a preferential growth orientation perpendicular to the (220) plane. Temperature dependent magnetization measurements reveal that the ferrimagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in the Ca3Co2O6 film is shifted toward higher temperatures with respect to the bulk cobaltite.
40
Gbit
∕
s
light signal transmission in long-range surface plasmon waveguides
Authors: Ju Jung Jin , Park Suntak , Kim Min-su , Kim Jin Tae , Park Seung Koo , Park Yoon Jung , Lee Myung-Hyun
Published: October 2007

We demonstrate a high bit-rate optical signal transmission by using long-range surface plasmon polariton (LRSPP) waves in a guided geometry. With a 40Gbit∕s optical communication signal, eye patterns and bit-error-rates were measured to access the quality of the transmission properties of the LRSPP mode. A thin gold strip line embedded in a low loss optical polymer supports a LRSPP mode, which propagates with a 2dB∕cm loss, and couples to standard single mode fibers at 1.55μm with a 2dB coupling loss. A 40Gbit∕s optical signal was transmitted via a 4cm long LRSPP waveguide without any distortion of the eye patterns. The experiment also showed error-free transmissions. These results indicate that the LRSPP waveguide is a potential transmission line for optical interconnections overcoming the inherent problems in electric interconnections.
The spatial and temporal distribution of fires on Sakhalin Island, Russia
Authors: Kharuk V. I. , Kasischke E. S. , Yakubailik O. E.
Published: October 2007

In the 1990s, catastrophic fires affected ~8 million ha of forest lands in the Russian Far East, including forests of Sakhalin Island. A study that correlated the spatial distribution of burned area and topographic features (elevation, slope, aspect) was carried out for Sakhalin Island. Burned area information derived from forest inventory maps (1935 to 1990) and satellite imagery (1998) was digitised and entered into a Geographic Information System. The burned area locations were correlated with topographic information; the normalisation procedure allows for analysis of the dependence of the fire scars on landscape features. The analyses show that fires occur primarily on the eastern, south- and north-eastern facing areas; >90% of fires occur at elevations lower than 300 m, and >95% occur on slopes <10 degrees. For the period 1935 to 1998, ~54% of the Sakhalin Island forest land territory was burned. From the total area of fire scars, formed from 1935 to 1998, 90.5% occurred owing to single fires, 8.6% of fire scars were the result of burning by two fires, 0.9% of fire scars were from three fires, and 0.03% from four fires. A fire return interval for the study region is ~120 years.
Contributions to accelerating atmospheric CO
2
growth from economic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks
Authors: Canadell Josep G. , Le Quéré Corinne , Raupach Michael R. , Field Christopher B. , Buitenhuis Erik T. , Ciais Philippe , Conway Thomas J. , Gillett Nathan P. , Houghton R. A. , Marland Gregg
Published: October 2007

The growth rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO
2
), the largest human contributor to human-induced climate change, is increasing rapidly. Three processes contribute to this rapid increase. Two of these processes concern emissions. Recent growth of the world economy combined with an increase in its carbon intensity have led to rapid growth in fossil fuel CO
2
emissions since 2000: comparing the 1990s with 2000–2006, the emissions growth rate increased from 1.3% to 3.3%
y
−1
. The third process is indicated by increasing evidence (
P
= 0.89) for a long-term (50-year) increase in the airborne fraction (AF) of CO
2
emissions, implying a decline in the efficiency of CO
2
sinks on land and oceans in absorbing anthropogenic emissions. Since 2000, the contributions of these three factors to the increase in the atmospheric CO
2
growth rate have been ≈65 ± 16% from increasing global economic activity, 17 ± 6% from the increasing carbon intensity of the global economy, and 18 ± 15% from the increase in AF. An increasing AF is consistent with results of climate–carbon cycle models, but the magnitude of the observed signal appears larger than that estimated by models. All of these changes characterize a carbon cycle that is generating stronger-than-expected and sooner-than-expected climate forcing.
Critical fluctuations in domain-forming lipid mixtures
Authors: Veatch Sarah L. , Soubias Olivier , Keller Sarah L. , Gawrisch Klaus
Published: October 2007

Critical fluctuations are investigated in lipid membranes near miscibility critical points in bilayers composed of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine, chain perdeuterated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol. Phase boundaries are mapped over the temperature range from 10°C to 60°C by deuterium NMR. Tie-lines and three-phase triangles are evaluated across two-phase and three-phase regions, respectively. In addition, a line of miscibility critical points is identified. NMR resonances are broadened in the vicinity of critical points, and broadening is attributed to increased transverse relaxation rates arising from modulation of chain order with correlation times on a microsecond time scale. We conclude that spectral broadening arises from composition fluctuations in the membrane plane with dimensions of <50 nm and speculate that similar fluctuations are commonly found in cholesterol-containing membranes.
Human G
sα
mutant causes pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia/neonatal diarrhea, a potential cell-specific role of the palmitoylation cycle
Authors: Makita Noriko , Sato Junichiro , Rondard Philippe , Fukamachi Hiroshi , Yuasa Yasuhito , Aldred Micheala A. , Hashimoto Makiko , Fujita Toshiro , Iiri Taroh
Published: October 2007

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP-Ia) results from the loss of one allele of G
sα
, causing resistance to parathyroid hormone and other hormones that transduce signals via G
s
. Most G
sα
mutations cause the complete loss of protein expression, but some cause loss of function only, and these have provided valuable insights into the normal function of G proteins. Here we have analyzed a mutant G
sα
(αs-AVDT) harboring AVDT amino acid repeats within its GDP/GTP binding site, which was identified in unique patients with PHP-Ia accompanied by neonatal diarrhea. Biochemical and intact cell analyses showed that αs-AVDT is unstable but constitutively active as a result of rapid GDP release and reduced GTP hydrolysis. This instability underlies the PHP-Ia phenotype. αs-AVDT is predominantly localized in the cytosol, but in rat and mouse small intestine epithelial cells (IEC-6 and DIF-12 cells) αs-AVDT was found to be localized predominantly in the membrane where adenylyl cyclase is present and constitutive increases in cAMP accumulation occur in parallel. The likely cause of this membrane localization is the inhibition of an activation-dependent decrease in αs palmitoylation. Upon the overexpression of acyl-protein thioesterase 1, however, αs-AVDT translocates from the membrane to the cytosol, and the constitutive accumulation of cAMP becomes attenuated. These results suggest that PHP-Ia results from the instability of αs-AVDT and that the accompanying neonatal diarrhea may result from its enhanced constitutive activity in the intestine. Hence, palmitoylation may control the activity and localization of G
sα
in a cell-specific manner.
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: manifestations at computed tomography
Authors: Certo M. , Lopes L. , Ramada J.
Published: October 2007

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition that consists of multiple venous malformations involving several organ systems, particularly the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, but any part of the body may be affected. Less than 250 cases have been reported in the literature. The authors describe the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic imaging characteristics at computed tomography (CT) in a 50-year-old man with BRBNS.
Contrast-enhanced multi-shot echo-planar FLAIR in the depiction of metastatic tumors of the brain: comparison with contrast-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted imaging
Authors: Tomura N. , Narita K. , Takahashi S. , Otani T. , Sakuma I. , Yasuda K. , Nishii T. , Watarai J.
Published: October 2007

Background: The usefulness of fast fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) sequences after administration of contrast medium (f-FLAIR (+)) has been shown in depicting brain tumors including metastases and meningeal carcinomatosis. Contrast-enhanced multi-shot echo-planar FLAIR (Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+)), comprising combined sequences of f-FLAIR (+) and Ms-EPI, may provide the advantages of f-FLAIR (+) along with rapid acquisition.

Purpose: To compare Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) with post-contrast spin-echo T1-weighted imaging (SE-T1WI (+)) in the depiction of brain metastases.

Material and Methods: In 14 patients with metastatic tumors of the brain, spin-echo precontrast T1-weighted imaging (SE-T1WI (−)), fast spin-echo T2-weighted imaging (FSE-T2WI), fast-FLAIR, SE-T1WI (+), and Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) were acquired. For qualitative evaluation of SE-T1WI (+) and Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed in two different readers. For quantitative analysis, the intensity ratios (intensity of tumor divided by intensity of peritumoral region) in SE-T1WI (+) and Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) were compared.

Results: Although pre-contrast f-FLAIR detected 84 of 106 tumors, Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) detected 98 of 106 tumors. In the ROC analysis for observers A and B, Az values in SE-T1WI (+) did not differ from values in Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+). Quantitatively, the intensity ratio in Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) also did not differ from that in SE-T1WI (+).

Conclusion: Detectability of brain metastases with Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) is almost similar to that with SE-T1WI (+). Ms-EPI-FLAIR (+) could be an alternative to SE-T1WI (+) in the depiction of brain metastases.
Ultrasound versus magnetic resonance arthrography in acetabular labral tear diagnostics: a prospective comparison in 20 dysplastic hips
Authors: Troelsen A. , Jacobsen S. , Bolvig L. , Gelineck J. , Rømer L. , Søballe K.
Published: October 2007

Background: Acetabular labral tears are highly associated with hip dysplasia. Magnetic resonance arthrography (MR arthrography) is the expensive and time-consuming contemporary gold-standard method in the radiological assessment of acetabular labral tears.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic ability of noninvasive ultrasound (US) examination compared to MR arthrography in diagnosing acetabular labral tears in dysplastic hip joints.

Material and Methods: The study compared US examination and MR arthrography diagnosis of labral tears in 20 consecutively referred dysplastic hip joints.

Results: The ability to diagnose acetabular labral tears upon US examination was calculated: sensitivity 44%, specificity 75%, positive predictive value 88%, and negative predictive value 25%.

Conclusion: The ability of US examination in diagnosing acetabular labral tears is not yet good enough. The technique is still to be developed, and more experience, especially with the interpretation of US examinations, is needed.
Paradoxic hypertrophy of the sciatic nerve in adult patients after above-knee amputation
Authors: Kerimoglu U. , Canyigit M.
Published: October 2007

Paradoxic hypertrophy of nerve tissue at an amputation stump without neuroma formation rarely develops in young patients, in contrast to atrophy of the nerve in older patients. Herein, we present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of adult patients (older than 20 years old) who underwent above-knee amputation, one of whom had a palpable mass suggesting a recurrent lesion. MRI ruled out the recurrent lesion and demonstrated paradoxic hypertrophy of the sciatic nerve in all patients.
Whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography: value for the detection of coronary artery stenoses in comparison to multislice computed tomography angiography
Authors: Maintz D. , Ozgun M. , Hoffmeier A. , Quante M. , Fischbach R. , Manning W. J. , Heindel W. , Botnar R. M.
Published: October 2007

Background: Coronary magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are being discussed as alternatives to catheter angiography in the detection of coronary artery disease. Yet, only few comparative validations have been performed.

Purpose: To compare steady-state free precession whole heart coronary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with multidetector coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) for the detection of coronary artery disease using catheter angiography as the standard of reference.

Material and Methods: Twenty patients with known CAD were examined with navigator (NAV) gated and corrected free-breathing 3D balanced gradient echo whole heart coronary MRI and coronary CTA. Subjective overall image quality (4 point scale, 1 = excellent), visibility of vessel segments and accuracy for the detection of significant coronary stenoses (>50%) were compared to coronary x-ray angiography by two blinded readers.

Results: Median of subjective image quality was 3 for coronary MRI and 2 for coronary CTA. Of a total of 209 segments, 67 segments (32%) had to be excluded from the evaluation by coronary MRI (61 due to insufficient image quality and 6 due to stent artifacts). For coronary CTA, 31 segments (15%) had to be excluded from the evaluation (12 due to insufficient image quality, 15 due to severe calcifications superimposing the vessel lumen and 4 due to stent artifacts. Segment based values for the detection of ⩾50% diameter coronary x-ray angiographic stenoses were: specificity: MRI 88%, CTA 95%; sensitivity: MRI 82%, CTA 84%; diagnostic accuracy: MRI 87%, CTA 93%; positive predictive value: MRI 68%, CTA 77% and negative predictive value: MRI 94%, CTA 95%.

Conclusion: Coronary WH-MRI was inferior to coronary CTA regarding image quality and number of evaluable segments but both had similar diagnostic value for the detection and exclusion of CAD when only evaluable segments were included.
Monstermania and tabloid antics
Authors: Greenslade Roy
Published: October 2007

There's no one can point the finger and whip up a mob faster than the press when it puts its mind to it. Cry foul, but don't demand tabloid silence
Teddy Bear's picnic
Authors: O'Doherty Malachi
Published: October 2007

Internecine Republican strife muzzles debate on the issues that matter
Time to remember
Authors: Pick Hella
Published: October 2007

Jörg Haider's success forces Austria to confront its past
The tanks of oblivion
Authors: Tamás Gaspar
Published: October 2007

Old-style dissidents, who fought communism in its prime, find they are not the heroes they might have been. They embarrass the old enemy who now sits in the halls of democracy and are a reproach to those who did nothing to oppose the old rulers- but now find they don't much care for the new system either
Counting the cost
Authors: Tabaire Bernard
Published: October 2007

How many Ugandan soldiers are deployed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo? How many of those have been killed since the outbreak of the Congo war on 2 August 1998? How many injured? How many taken prisoner? How much money does Uganda spend on the war? Where does that money come from? And why is Uganda there at all? The Ugandan government remains silent and the people keep up their questioning
Mao's cuckoo
Authors: Bhum Pema , Hatley Lauren
Published: October 2007

A Tibetan remembers the Cultural Revolution and how students found a way of circumventing its all-embracing censorship
Disappearing Turks
Authors: Smith Sarah A
Published: October 2007

Bulgaria is something of an unknown quantity in the West: still a land of red wine and poisoned umbrella tips. Yet the Bulgarian government has high hopes that tourism will boost the country's economy. Whether or not their expectations are realistic, and save for a few gaps in the narrative, there is historical splendour and natural beauty in abundance
Speech laws
Authors: Thomas Ned
Published: October 2007

Europe is changing from a collection of citizens with individual rights to a mosaic of language groups with collective rights
Fact or fiction?
Authors: Havel Vaclav
Published: October 2007

The best as well as the worst of twentieth-century experiences have been generated in Europe
Bombs and madness: understanding terror
Authors: Sarraj Eyad
Published: October 2007

The creation of a 'terrorist' follows the long path of humiliation and despair
Round and about madness
Authors: Phillips Adam
Published: October 2007

'A chain of associations is to him what a chain of reasoning is to other men; and what he calls his opinions are in fact merely his tastes' - 'Southey's Colloquies', Edinburgh Review 50 January 1830
After the war is over
Authors: Salecl Renata
Published: October 2007

The breakdown of soldiers in combat has been recognised since World War I when it was first described as 'shell shock'. The nature of modern warfare calls for radical reassessment of the phenomenon - and dangerous new solutions
Babel in Birmingham
Authors: Farmer Penelope
Published: October 2007

The speakers here all live in Oak View, a hostel for people with mental problems, in Moseley, Birmingham. As the locally notorious Palm Court Hotel, it was one of many profitable private dumping grounds for ex-patients of the asylums closed down under the policy of Community Care. Some older residents have lived there nearly 30 years.

With up to 70 residents, Oak View is now considered too big and institutional. Everyone, even the mentally ill, is thought better off living closer to the norm, the nuclear household. Oak View has its problems. But it works well for people too mentally frail to live alone, or not sociable enough to cope within a smaller group. Inside it, a person can both hide and have company. A fundamentally benign place, it tolerates eccentricity of all kinds.

Mental illness is not romantic here. There are no suicidal poets. Most residents have wretched histories, feel social rejects; some not only look but smell odd. In a few cases they make no apparent sense. But the psychiatrist RD Laing pointed out that if you really listen to the so-called mad, sense always emerges. After seven weeks living in Oak View I can confirm that. Some told their stories coherently, if obsessively. Some did not. But the stories came across anyhow. Without exception they confirmed that being mentally ill is horrible — and not as far from the rest of us as we hope. This may be the reason why such voices are rarely, if ever, heard.
The most dangerous place
Authors: Nikolayenko Olena
Published: October 2007

Last year, Ukraine, along with Russia, became the most dangerous place in the world for journalists to work
Summons to enter
Authors: MUTENDA MBILI John
Published: October 2007

Who killed Fr John Kaiser? A Kenyan gumshoe makes his own enquiries
Fateful Tendencies
Authors: Keane John
Published: October 2007

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE - 'COSMOCRACY' AS IT SHOULD BE CALLED _ IS ON THE MOVE, ENDANGERING DEMOCRACIES EVERYWHERE AND CALLING THEIR FUTURE INTO QUESTION
Goodbye Solidarity
Authors: Maryniak Irena
Published: October 2007

... AND WELCOME TO POLAND'S NEW BREED OF DEMOCRATS - EUROPHOBIC, CATHOLIC-BACKED, WARM AND XENOPHOBIC, GLOWING FROM THEIR UNEXPECTED TRIUMPH AT THE POLLS
Old Books for New - and Older
Authors: Vidal-Hall Judith
Published: October 2007

IN WHAT LOOKS SUSPICIOUSLY LIKE A NEW FORM OF CENSORSHIP, RUSSIAN VIGILANTES ARE CLEANING UP THE LITERARY SCENE IN MOSCOW
Uses and Abuses
Authors: Dworkin Ronald
Published: October 2007

THE RIGHT TO FREE EXPRESSION, ALREADY THREATENED BY THE EXIGENCIES OF THE WAR ON TERRORISM, SHOULD NOT BE FURTHER ABUSED BY WRONG-HEADED APPEALS IN ITS NAME
Is This the New Fascism?
Authors: Fo Dario
Published: October 2007

THE APATHY AND INCOHERENCE OF THE LEFT ARE LETTING THE ITALIAN RIGHT HAVE IT ALL THEIR OWN WAY
Inside the Axis
Authors: Lam Andrew
Published: October 2007

A GROUP OF IRANIAN WRITERS AND INTELLECTUALS GIVE THE LIE TO GEORGE W BUSH'S 'AXIS OF EVIL'
Turning Back the Clock
Authors: Fawthrop Tom
Published: October 2007

THAILAND'S REPUTATION AS A HAVEN OF PRESS FREEDOM IN THE REGION HAS BEEN ENDANGERED BY THE GOVERNMENT'S AGGRESSIVE ATTEMPTS TO INTIMIDATE LOCAL AND FOREIGN CRITICS
Explosions Galore
Authors: Maja-Pearce Adewale
Published: October 2007

ETHNIC CONFLICT, THE RELIGIOUS DIVIDE AND A GREEDY AND INCOMPETENT GOVERNMENT THAT HAS YET TO DELIVER ON ITS DEMOCRATIC PROMISE THREATEN NIGERIA'S FUTURE
Avrupa on the Line
Authors: Levent Sener
Published: October 2007

AS 'GREEK CYPRUS' BLOOMS UNDER THE PROSPECT OF EU MEMBERSHIP, ANGER IS BUBBLING OVER ON THE OTHER SIDE AS A NEW GENERATION OF TURKISH CYPRIOTS RECKON THEIR LOSSES UNDER THE DEAD HAND OF TURKEY AND ITS HENCHMEN. THE FOUNDER OF A NEW, INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER TELLS THE TALE
Daring to Dream
Authors: Ourdan Remy , Routledge Mike
Published: October 2007

Four years of the Mujaheddin, five years of the Taliban, 22 years of war. Ten days ago, the Mujaheddin in their pakols, the legendary headgear ofAhmed Shah Massoud's Northern Alliance, drove the men in black turbans, symbol of the Taliban, out of Kabul. The Afghan capital had lived through five years of the Taliban regime. And, before that, four years of a civil war between rival Mujaheddin factions. And, before that, 13 years of Soviet occupation. Today, in this capital of a divided, chaotic Afghanistan, a heady scent of freedom is in the air. This city, which could have been so lovely were it not for the war, which still manages to be beautiful despite the war, seems to be seized by a fever of excitement. A city launching itself into the unknown but a city which is slow to react, which wearily understands that Afghan revolutions rarely do it any good ... Kabulis may be pleased, but they're not really sure what the word 'peace' means any more. A cinema projectionist, a bookseller and a schoolgirl, each tell their story: Taliban barbarity, the excesses of those who went before. Stories of broken lives.
Exile
Authors: Soyinka Wole
Published: October 2007

'I BORROW SEASONS OF AN ALIEN LAND TO STAY THE SEASON OF A MIND'
Advice for Someone Going Into Translation
Authors: Mckane Richard
Published: October 2007

After 'Advice for Someone Going into Prison' by Nazim Hikmet
All Chaos On the Media Front
Authors: Prentice Eve-Ann
Published: October 2007

THE DEMOCRATS ARE IN POWER; SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC AND HIS PROPAGANDIST JOURNALISTS ARE GONE. OR ARE THEY? ASSUMPTIONS THAT ALL IS WELL WITH A NEW, DEMOCRATIC SERBIAN MEDIA ARE FAR FROM THE TRUTH
The Unquiet Grave
Authors: Rich Vera
Published: October 2007

EVEN AFTER DEATH, THE BODY POLITIC MAY RISE AND DISPUTE THE RESTING PLACE OF THE FALLEN
Death of a Nation
Authors: Forna Aminatta
Published: October 2007

SIERRA LEONE'S LONG-TERM DICTATOR SIAKA STEVENS MAY BE DEAD, BUT THE PEOPLE LIVE WITH THE DEVASTATING LEGACY OF HIS REIGN. HE KILLED DEMOCRACY AND TRANSFORMED THE COUNTRY INTO A ONE-PARTY STATE; HIS ARMY OF PAID INFORMANTS AND CRIMINAL THUGS PAVED THE WAY FOR THE BRUTAL DEPREDATIONS THAT STRIPPED THE COUNTRY OF ALL CLAIMS TO BE A FUNCTIONING STATE
Women and War
Authors: Brittain Victoria
Published: October 2007

WOMEN HAVE BECOME, AS NEVER BEFORE, THE PRIMARY VICTIMS IN THE WARS OF OUR TIMES
The End of Secularism
Authors: Tripathi Salil
Published: October 2007

HINDU MOBS IN AYODHYA, MUSLIMS MASSACRED IN GUJERAT. INDIA'S PROUD BOAST THAT ITS SECULARISM HELD TOGETHER ITS MANY CREEDS AND RACES IS IN TATTERS
Long Live the Patriotic Syndrome
Authors: Bhatia Sidharth
Published: October 2007

WHATEVER HAPPENED TO THE WORLD'S LARGEST AND, THEY SAY, FREEST MEDIA? GONE IN THE NEW WIND OF JINGOISM AND JOBS FOR THE BOYS
And Now for the Good News
Authors: Niazi Zamir
Published: October 2007

CHANGE CAN COME FROM UNEXPECTED QUARTERS, AS PAKISTAN'S JOURNALISTS ARE DISCOVERING UNDER THE COUNTRY'S PRESENT MILITARY RULERS
Reporting the Earth
Authors: Wasley Andrew
Published: October 2007

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING HAS BECOME ONE OF JOURNALISM'S MOST DANGEROUS BEATS
Small Island, Big Problem
Authors: Morgan Tabitha
Published: October 2007

RESTRICTIONS ON THE MEDIA IN NORTHERN CYPRUS ARE INCREASING AS THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE ISLAND MOVES CLOSER TO MEMBERSHIP OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Bush's Big Blunder
Authors: Neier Aryeh
Published: October 2007

SO WHAT EXACTLY MAKES IRAN PART OF THE FAMOUS 'AXIS'?
Party Time
Authors: Sohrabi Nagmeh
Published: October 2007

IRAN HAS COME A LONG WAY SINCE THE HEADY AND DANGEROUS DAYS OF ITS ISLAMIC REVOLUTION
Not in Our Name Either
Authors: Mobasser Nilou
Published: October 2007

THE BATTLE FOR THE HEARTS AND MINDS OF THE IRANIAN PEOPLE IS FOUGHT OUT THROUGH THE VIGOROUS AND VARIED DAILY PRESS
On the Map At Last
Authors: Verrier Michel , Greenwood Malcolm
Published: October 2007

THE KURDS OF IRAQ, IRAN AND TURKEY AWAIT THE US ATTACK ON IRAQ WITH A MIXTURE OF HOPE AND TREPIDATION
Invisible City
Authors: Tamaki Tadashi
Published: October 2007

AS IN THE US FILM 'THE TRUMAN SHOW', PYONGYANG SEEMS TO BE A CITY POPULATED BY EXTRAS. A JAPANESE REPORTER DESCRIBES A VISIT TO THE NORTH KOREAN CAPITAL
Keeping Up Appearances
Authors: Cragg Gulliver
Published: October 2007

ONE-TIME ROGUE STATE SUPREME, CUBA IS TRYING TO TIGHTEN ITS GRIP ON DISSENT WITHOUT SCANDALISING THE WORLD OR ALIENATING THE TOURISTS
At the Limits of Aid
Authors: Moorehead Caroline
Published: October 2007

FROM BEING A RELATIVELY SIMPLE PHILANTHROPIC ENDEAVOUR, THE DELIVERY OF HUMANITARIAN AID HAS BECOME AN ETHICAL AND LEGAL MINEFIELD THROUGH WHICH DONORS AND AGENCIES MUST WEAVE A PRECARIOUS PATH
Welcome to the Party
Authors: Thompson Mark
Published: October 2007

JOURNALISTS FIND THEMSELVES ACTIVE PARTNERS IN FORGING PEACE AS WELL AS WAR
Aids, Aid and Famine
Authors: De Waal Alex
Published: October 2007

THERE IS NOTHING REMOTELY 'NORMAL' ABOUT SOUTHERN AFRICA'S LATEST FAMINE, AND NORMAL SOLUTIONS DO NOT APPLY
Intervention Goes Global
Authors: Lloyd John
Published: October 2007

INTERVENTION BY THE WEST ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS SEEKS TO REFASHIONTHE WORLD IN ITS OWN IMAGE
Talking Dirty To America
Authors: Macvicar Sheila
Published: October 2007

AN ESTIMATED 22 PER CENT OF AMERICANS GET THEIR DAILY NEWS FROM TALK RADIO
Foxy Business
Authors: Petley Julian
Published: October 2007

WHEN DID DIVERSITY EVER EQUAL IMPARTIALITY? IT DIDN'T, BUT IT HAS BECOME THE COVER FOR ANY KIND OF 'POLEMICAL' - AKA BIASED- BROADCASTING
Crossing the Line
Authors: Cohen Robin
Published: October 2007

ONE CONSEQUENCE OF GLOBALISATION IS THE GROWTH OF A MORE COSMOPOLITAN APPROACH TO LIFE: A BENIGN SUBVERSION OF NATIONALISM OF ALL KINDS
The Price of Return
Authors: Rich Vera
Published: October 2007

WHEN THE SOVIET EMPIRE FELL, AND COMMUNISM BIT THE DUST IN ITS SATELLITE STATES, IT SET OFF THE BIGGEST MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE SINCE WORLD WAR II
Autoburg
Authors: Kapllani Gazmend , Margaronis Maria
Published: October 2007

'THIS PSEUDO-POET IMITATING REACTIONARY ART HAS TRIED TO INTRODUCE POISONOUS PLANTS TO THE PURE GARDEN OF OUR LITERATURE AND SO DESTROY ITS ATMOSPHERE' - FILE 12102, TIRANA 1980
On the Move At Last
Authors: Becker Jasper
Published: October 2007

WHEN THE WORLD'S MOST POPULOUS NATION SETS ITS PEOPLE ON THE ROAD, MILLIONS CAN LITERALLY TURN UP ON YOUR DOORSTEP
'They Were All Asylum Seekers'
Authors: Miller David
Published: October 2007

REFUGEES FROM IRAQI TYRANNY ARE AMONG THE VICTIMS OF A PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN TO JUSTIFY A WAR ON IRAQ
Just a Question of Money?
Authors: Awuonda Moussa
Published: October 2007

WHILE SWEDEN CHAMPIONS THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY MEDIA 'OUT THERE' IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD, IT SHOWS LITTLE INTEREST CLOSER TO HOME. A NEW REPORT URGES THE GOVERNMENT TO PAY MORE ATTENTION TO ITS MINORITY PRESS
Multicultural Mosaic
Authors: Bhatia Sidharth
Published: October 2007

CANADA, ARCHETYPAL LAND OF IMMIGRANTS, WELCOMES SKILLED FOREIGNERS AND ENSHRINES THEIR RIGHTS IN ITS CONSTITUTION. WHAT POSSIBLE PROBLEMS CAN THERE BE FOR THE NEWCOMER?
Close But No Cigar
Authors: Hilton Isabel
Published: October 2007

AS FIDEL CASTRO GETS OLDER AND MORE INFIRM HIS REGIME FACES ITS FEAR BY RESORTING TO REPRESSION -WITH WASHINGTON'S RENEWED HOSTILITY THE EXCUSE
Never Darken My Door Again
Authors: Allawi Ali A
Published: October 2007

RACIST, INTELLECTUALLY SUSPECT AND VULGAR, THE BA'ATH PARTY IS ALL BUT EXPIRED. AND GOOD RIDDANCE TOO
A Nation's Narrative
Authors: Sennett Richard
Published: October 2007

BOTH THE VIRTUES AND DANGERS OF PATRIOTISM DEPEND ON HOW THE STORY IS TOLD
In the War Whorehouse
Authors: Von Hoffman Nicholas
Published: October 2007

IN PEACETIME THE MASS MEDIA INCULCATE THE NORMS AND OPINIONS THAT A NATION WANTS IN ITS PEOPLE. IN WARTIME THEY BECOME THE MEANS BY WHICH THE GOVERNMENT INSTRUCTS THE POPULACE
Bridging the Gap
Authors: Lamarche Gara
Published: October 2007

WHERE ARE THE STRONG ALTERNATIVE VISIONS AND THE INSTITUTIONS NEEDED TO CHALLENGE THE RIGHT'S NEAR DOMINANCE OF AMERICAN POLITICS?
Pulling the Plug On Free Speech
Authors: Hedges Chris
Published: October 2007

The New York Times Pulitzer prize-winning war correspondent was only three minutes into his speech to new graduates at Rockford College in Illinois when some students - angered by his critique of US strategy in Iraq and the Middle East — rushed the stage and tried to drown him out with shouts and foghorns. Some students staged a silent protest at the back of the hall. Another student threw her graduation cap and gown at the stage in anger. Hedges' microphone was twice cut off and he had to be escorted from the building by security before the event finished. Rockford College was once famous for its liberal traditions; its most famous alumni was Jane Addams, pacifist and 1931 Nobel Peace Prize-winner.
Letter From Day 21
Authors: Pinckney Darryl
Published: October 2007

WANT TO UNDERSTAND THE NEW AMERICA? LIE DOWN IN FRONT OF THE TELEVISION AND SUBMIT TO ITS SATURATION 'NATIONAL NARRATIVES'
The Trials of Liberty
Authors: Mcclintock Michael
Published: October 2007

THE UNITED STATES, A NATION THAT ONCE LIKED TO THINK IT SET THE BENCHMARK FOR CIVIL LIBERTIES, IS FAILING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF HUMAN RIGHTS ACROSS THE BOARD, POST-1 1 SEPTEMBER
In God He Trusts
Authors: Viorst Milton
Published: October 2007

AMERICANS ARE BEGINNING TO SENSE THAT GEORGE W BUSH IS LOWERING THEIR NATION'S HISTORICAL BARRIERS BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE, BUT THE PROCESS IS SO UNFAMILIAR TO THEM THEY HAVE YET TO DEBATE IT SERIOUSLY
Uncomfortably Numb
Authors: Asher Thomas R
Published: October 2007

STUPEFIED BY MESSAGES OF FEAR, PROPAGANDA AND OUTRIGHT FALSEHOOD, THE CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES FOLLOW A LEADERSHIP UNABLE OR UNWILLING TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN TRUE STRENGTH AND RAW POWER
It's Over, Over There
Authors: Younge Gary
Published: October 2007

MUSLIMS AND ARABS WHO CAME TO THE UNITED STATES TO REALISE THE AMERICAN DREAM PAID A HEAVY PRICE FOR ABIDING BY THE LAW IN THE WAKE OF 11 SEPTEMBER
The Wages of Hate
Authors: Mosley Walter
Published: October 2007

THE HATRED THAT SOME OF THE WORLD FEELS FOR AMERICA IS PERHAPS EASIER FOR ITS BLACK CITIZENS TO UNDERSTAND THAN ITS WHITE
Clear and Present Danger
Authors: D'Entremont Jim
Published: October 2007

A CORPORATE 'COALITION OF THE WILLING'- ALLYING MEDIA NETWORKS AND RECORD COMPANIES, AND SPEARHEADED BY THE BROADCAST BEHEMOTH CLEAR CHANNEL - IS SILENCING DISSIDENT MUSICAL VOICES
Occupation in Space and Time
Authors: Segal Rafi , Weizman Eyal
Published: October 2007

TWO ISRAELI ARCHITECTS CREATED AN EXHIBITION OF MAPS AND PHOTOS SHOWING THE LINK BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL DESIGN OF JEWISH SETTLEMENTS AND THE POLITICAL MOTIVES BEHIND THEIR CONSTRUCTION. ITS SPONSORS SHUT IT DOWN
48 Hours
Authors: Zaanoun Adel
Published: October 2007

Two days in the working life of a Palestinian TV journalist. The month before, APTN cameraman Nazih Darwazeh had been shot and killed by Israeli forces in the occupied West Bank city of Nablus. The International Federation of Journalists commented afterwards: 'It is impossible to ignore the evidence here of [Israeli] soldiers deliberately targeting journalists.'
Situation Hopeless, But Not Serious
Authors: Gillitt Rita
Published: October 2007

On 1 February 2003, the Chinese authorities in Guangdong Province reported that 300 people had become ill and five had died in an outbreak of a mysterious respiratory illness. On 28 February a Chinese doctor, infected in Guangdong, stayed at the Metropole Hotel in Hong Kong. Twelve other guests at the hotel contracted the illness. When the infected guests left the hotel and fiew home they carried the virus to five countries in three different continents. Two remained in Hong Kong. In Canada the disease spread through two extended families. In Vietnam and Hong Kong health workers became infected. An infected health worker from Singapore flew to New York then on to Frankfurt. Meanwhile, the disease continued to spread throughout China. On 24 March, the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced that Sars is a new form of the coronavirus, a pathogen known to affect humans, but not a global killer. Strict containment of all known cases is vital. A team of WHO doctors had been in Beijing but was waiting for permission to visit other provinces where there were thought to be clusters of cases. After a week of waiting, the doctors were allowed to go to Guangdong. Under intense pressure and criticism from WHO, the Chinese Health Ministry announced the outbreak had begun five months earlier. They had far more cases than the 40 previously announced — nearly 400. On 5 April, China apologised for its slow response to the Sars outbreak. There were allegations that officials had covered up the extent of the spread of the disease.
Life in Blinkers
Authors: Adonis  , Bland Will
Published: October 2007

FRENCH PROPOSALS TO RE-EXAMINE THE SECULAR HEART OF THEIR CONSTITUTION HAVE AGAIN RAISED THE ISSUE OF THE WEARING OF THE VEIL IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS SUCH AS SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES
Children of Israel
Authors: Tal Haim , Forwood Veronica
Published: October 2007

THEY GREW UP IN THE SETTLEMENTS AND WERE EDUCATED AS RELIGIOUS ZIONISTS BUT NOW THEY ARE CALLING FOR A WITHDRAWAL FROM THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
Fighting Words
Authors: Hudson Anthony
Published: October 2007

WHETHER IT BE JEWS IN NAZI GERMANY, AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN THE US OR SLAVES IN MAURITANIA, LANGUAGE HAS BEEN AND CONTINUES TO BE A VITAL TOOL IN THE OPPRESSION AND ABUSE OF MINORITIES
Anyone for Free Expression?
Authors: Petley Julian
Published: October 2007

FOR MOST OF THE BRITISH PRESS, THE RIGHT TO FREE EXPRESSION ENSHRINED IN THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT IS LESS IMPORTANT THAN THE CHANCE TO BANG THE EUROPHOBIC DRUM
Five Shameful Laws
Authors: Cragg Gulliver
Published: October 2007

SILVIO BERLUSCONI BEGAN HIS PRESIDENCY OF THE EU IN JULY BY CALLING GERMAN MEP MARTIN SCHULZ A NAZI. NOT A GOOD START, MANY FELT
Forging the Social Contract
Authors: Maryniak Irena
Published: October 2007

THE HIGHLY PERSONALISED CODES OF LOYALTY AND MORALITY THAT WERE THE MAINSTAY OF LIFE IN COMMUNIST EUROPE COME UP AGAINST EFFORTS TO IMPOSE A MORE FORMAL RULE OF LAW
School's Out
Authors: Jayasekera Rohan
Published: October 2007

JOURNALISM TRAINING IS A KEY PART OF THE PROGRAMMES OF RESEARCH, PUBLICATION AND ADVOCACY THAT INDEX ON CENSORSHIP IS CURRENTLY RUNNING IN IRAQ
Shooting the Messenger
Authors: Khouri Rami G
Published: October 2007

TAKING THE 'HATE SPEECH' AGENDA BEYOND OCCUPIED IRAQ, THE US ACCUSES ARAB MEDIA OF BROADCASTING 'INCITEMENT'
Point of Arrival
Authors: Brown Cynthia
Published: October 2007

Within the present decade, and thanks largely to an infiux of Asians from Africa in the late 1960s and early 1970s, Leicester, a modest and somewhat unprepossessing town in the Midlands - what has become known to the tourist trade as 'The Heart of England' - will be home to the UK's first majority non-white population (Index, 3/02). Not that Leicester is any stranger to migration: since at least the nineteenth century, the city's prosperity has been built on the labour of incomers from less fortunate parts of the UK as well as from the former empire.

For some years, the East Midlands Oral History Archive at Leicester University has been recording the personal histories of many of the migrants. Below, we present a range of their voices.
The Photo Never Lies
Authors: Cohen Stanley
Published: October 2007

THERE IS NO INNOCENT EYE. THE PHOTOS OF A STARVING SOMALIAN CHILD AND THE REPORT OF A MASSACRE IN ALGERIA COME FROM AND BRING WITH THEM POINTS OF VIEW
Fourth-Rate Estate
Authors: Petley Julian
Published: October 2007

WAS JOURNALISM EVER THE DEMOCRATIC WATCHDOG AND CHAMPION OF FREEDOM ITS ADVOCATES CLAIM?
Spooks in the Spotlight
Authors: Le Carré John
Published: October 2007

ONE OF THE WORLD'S MASTER SPY NOVELISTS TURNS HIS ATTENTION TO THE REAL THING - AND IS NOT IMPRESSED
Necessary Lies
Authors: Moorehead Caroline
Published: October 2007

THE WORLD OF IMMIGRATION IS SURROUNDED BY LIES: THE NECESSARY LIES WOULD-BE MIGRANTS FEEL COMPELLED TO TELL IN HOPE OF A SAFE HAVEN; THE FALSEHOODS AND MISINFORMATION OF NEWSPAPER HEADLINES
You Just Don't get It!
Authors: Von Leyden James
Published: October 2007

ADVERTISING NOWADAYS IS NOT ABOUT LIES AND TRUTHFULNESS BUT IN-JOKES, STUNTS AND A SENSE OF BELONGING. CRITICISM ONLY MAKES IT WORK HARDER
Why They Keep On Lying
Authors: Pringle Peter
Published: October 2007

THE TOBACCO COMPANIES ARE THE TRUE VETERANS OF THE LYING GAME AND IT HAS COST THEM BILLIONS. BUT IF THEY EVER STOPPED, THEY WOULD BE OUT OF BUSINESS
Caught in the Matrix
Authors: Miller David
Published: October 2007

POLITICAL DEBATE IN THE US AND UK INCREASINGLY RESEMBLES THE DYSTOPIAN VISION ENCAPSULATED IN 'THE MATRIX', WHERE THE REALITY OF HUMAN BONDAGE IS DISGUISED BY A SOPHISTICATED VIRTUAL REALITY
Lost in Translation
Authors: Faqir Fadia
Published: October 2007

THE DIFFICULTY OF PUBLISHING IN THEIR OWN COUNTRIES AND THE PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION ARE DRIVING MORE ARAB WRITERS LIVING IN THE WEST TO ADOPT THE 'LANGUAGE OF THE OTHER'
Talking Books
Authors: Al-Hroub Khaled
Published: October 2007

WHAT ARE THE LIMITS OF DEBATE IN ARAB TV'S ONLY BOOK PROGRAMME?
Books in Beirut
Authors: Tueni Ghassan
Published: October 2007

FICTION, FACTION, SCANDAL, HISTORY AND ISLAM SCRABBLE FOR SPACE AT BEIRUT'S ANNUAL BOOK FAIR
Libel Tourism
Authors: Berlins Marcel
Published: October 2007

WELCOME TO LONDON, LIBEL CAPITAL OF THE WORLD
True Today, False Tomorrow
Authors: Griffin Michael
Published: October 2007

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SUPPOSEDLY IMPECCABLE SOURCE DENIES THE TRUTH OF HIS STATEMENTS, AND THE EQUALLY RELIABLE NEWSPAPER THAT REPORTED THEM PRINTS AN ABJECT APOLOGY?
Walking the Wall
Authors: Le Bars Stephanie , Van Renterghen Marion
Published: October 2007

FOR THE ISRAELIS IT'S A 'SECURITY FENCE'; FOR THE PALESTINIANS THE 'WALL' THAT TRACES AN ILLEGAL COURSE APPROPRIATES THEIR LAND AND EXACERBATES THE TENSIONS BETWEEN THE TWO COMMUNITIES
Waiting in the Wings
Authors: Foley Michael
Published: October 2007

INCLUSION IN THE EU MAY BE THE ONLY WAY OF RESOLVING CONFLICT AMONG THE COMPLICATED ETHNIC MIX OF THE BALKANS
I Sat in Leonardo's Seat
Authors: Boff Leonardo
Published: October 2007

THE FATHER OF LIBERATION THEOLOGY REMEMBERS THE DAY THE INQUISITION TOOK OVER
Among the Old Believers
Authors: Maryniak Irena
Published: October 2007

TWO POWERFUL INSTITUTIONS GUARD THE FAITH BEHIND THE OLD IRON CURTAIN: PATRIARCH AND PAPACY KEEP THE FAITH BUT WITH RATHER DIFFERENT CONSEQUENCES
A War of Unintended Consequences
Authors: De Waal Thomas
Published: October 2007

HAS CHECHNYA REALLY BECOME A 'FRONT IN THE WAR IN TERROR' AS PUTIN REPEATEDLY CLAIMS, OR HAVE 10 YEARS OF RUSSIAN BRUTALITY AND INTRANSIGENCE DRIVEN THIS TINY REPUBLIC INTO THE ARMS OF ITS OWN RADICAL ISLAMISTS?
God and His Guardians
Authors: Kadivar Mohsen
Published: October 2007

CONTRARY TO THE MAJORITY VIEW, THERE IS NO REASON ON EARTH - OR IN THE QURAN- WHY DEMOCRACY SHOULD NOT BE COMPATIBLE WITH ISLAM, PARTICULARLY IN IRAN
'Tell Them To Use Their Heads'
Authors: Ebadi Shirin , Kareh Tager Jenane
Published: October 2007

FOR 15 YEARS, SHE HAS STOOD UP TO EVERYTHING THE IRANIAN REGIME HAS THROWN AT HER AND LAST YEAR, WHEN SHE WAS AWARDED THE 2003 NOBEL PEACE PRIZE AND BROUGHT IRAN ITS FIRST EVER NOBEL, THERE WAS LITTLE REJOICING AMONG THE HIERARCHY
A Man of His Word
Authors: Yasin Nabeel , Nuaimi Abdulílah
Published: October 2007

IRAQ'S LEADING CLERIC GRAND AYATOLLAH ALI AL-SISTANI IS A MAN TO BE RECKONED WITH. IF THERE IS ANY BROKER OF PEACE AND EVENTUAL DEMOCRACY IN THE COUNTRY, IT IS HE
Looking Over the Shoulder
Authors: Joshi Ruchir
Published: October 2007

INDIA'S CREEPING SECTARIANISM PREDATES THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT OF THE BJP AND HAS YET TO WORK ITS WAY OUT OF THE SYSTEM
Blood and Soil
Authors: Sternhell Zeev , Routledge Mike
Published: October 2007

THE ARMED SETTLERS OF THE WEST BANK AND THE GAZA STRIP, WITH THE BIBLE IN ONE HAND AND AN AUTOMATIC RIFLE IN THE OTHER, ARE THE EXAMPLE PAR EXCELLENCE OF FUNDAMENTALIST NATIONALISM - AND THEY ARE CALLING THE SHOTS ON ANY PEACE DEAL
Paradise Lost
Authors: Deshapriya Sunanda , Welikala Asanga
Published: October 2007

SRI LANKA'S MONKS THREATEN TO DESTROY OVER 2,000 YEARS OF BUDDHIST TRADITION AND TAKE DOWN THE ISLAND'S DEMOCRACY WITH IT
Songs of the Sufis
Authors: N'Dour Youssou
Published: October 2007

IN JUNE THIS YEAR, THE STAR OF SENEGAL'S POP WORLD RELEASED HIS LATEST ALBUM, 'ÉGYPTE', IN WHICH HE DECLARES HIS IDENTITY AS A SUFI MUSLIM AND PAYS TRIBUTE TO THE TOLERANCE OF AFRICAN ISLAM
A Press Charter for Britain?
Authors: Scott George
Published: October 2007

Efforts to introduce a ‘closed shop’ in the British newspaper industry have led to a great deal of controversy over the past two years. Also under discussion has been the question of a Press Charter, which some journalists feel is essential under the circumstances if the freedom of the British press is to be safeguarded, while others are opposed to it.

Below we print an abbreviated version of a debate broadcast on the BBC programme ‘The Editors’ on 10 October 1976. The participants included two representatives of the National Union of Journalists, the General Secretary of the rival Institute of Journalists, the editors of two leading London papers, spokesmen for the Guild of British Newspaper Editors, the Newspaper Publishers Association and the Newspaper Society, as well as a foreign observer of the British scene in the person of an American correspondent in London. The discussion was chaired by George Scott, editor of the BBC'S weekly magazine The Listener.
Why Kostya had to Die
Authors: Hosking Geoffrey A.
Published: October 2007

On 26 April 1976, the fifty-one-year-old Bogatyrev was brutally attacked by unknown persons outside the entrance to his apartment in Moscow. Found unconscious in a pool of blood, with his skull broken by some heavy metal object, he was transferred to a hospital, where he remained, most of the time without regaining consciousness, until 17 June when he died. The Times Literary Supplement, 13 August 1976. (Letter from Gleb Struve on the death of Konstantin Bogatyrev.)