bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The GRAPH-CRAFITY Score: a novel prognostic tool for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with targeted therapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Ying , Yang Yi , Li Lu , Wang Sicong , Xie Lizhi , Ye Feng , Zhao Xinming
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Biomarkers that predict the efficacy of immunotherapy-based systematic therapy remain an unmet need in HCC. Goal(s): To establish an optimized model by integrating magnetic resonance (MR) features and CRAFITY score to predict overall survival (OS) of HCC patients treated with targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Approach: The clinical variables and MR features were assessed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: Based on independent risk factors (Gender, intRatumoral fAt, enhancing tumor caPsule, gross growtH type and CRAFITY Score) identified by the multivariate analysis, a novel prognostic tool named GRAPH-CRAFITY Score was developed to predict OS. Impact: A novel prognostic tool by integrating gender, MR features and laboratory tests was developed to predict OS of HCC patients treated with targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which will help oncologists for decision-making.
Measurement of pancreas graft temperature during cold preservation in MR scanner
Authors: Weis Jan , Korsgren Olle
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Phosphorus (31P) and proton (1H) MRS are methods of choice in assessment of pancreas graft quality before transplantation. Since MR scanning can increase the temperature of the pancreas graft, measurement of the graft temperature is desirable. Goal(s): The aim of this study was to investigate if it is possible to measure pancreas graft temperature in MR scanner using 1H-MRS. Approach: Single-voxel 1H-MRS. Temperature constants were obtained by calibration experiments with the water-vegetable oil phantom. Results: The present study has shown that 1H-MRS is able to measure the graft temperature during MR scanning. Impact: 1H-MRS is able to measure the pancreas graft temperature during MR scanning. The temperature is computed from the chemical shift difference between water spectral line and methylene (CH2)n line originating from the pancreatic adipocytes.
Non-contrast Portal Venous 4D Flow MRI in an Obese Cohort Undergoing Weight Loss Surgery: Feasibility and Correlations with BMI and MASH
Authors: Souza Raphael do Vale , Oechtering Thekla , Spahic Alma , Harris David , Wolfson Tanya , Johnson Kevin , Batakis Danielle , Middleton Michael , Roldan-Alzate Alejandro , Hamilton Gavin , Goodman James , Ceriani Lael , Agni Rashmi , Lidor Anne , Funk Luke , Wieben Oliver , Sirlin Claude , Reeder Scott
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To evaluate the potential of portal flow as a biomarker of metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in obese patients undergoing weight loss surgery (WLS). Goal(s): Determine feasibility of portal non-contrast 4D Flow in obese patients, to assess whether flow is impacted by BMI and the presence of MASH. Approach: Portal flow was quantified at 5 timepoints before and after WLS. Mass conservation and inter-observer agreement assessed validation. Results were correlated with BMI and presence/absence of biopsy-proven MASH. Results: Non-contrast 4D Flow was successful in 339/382 exams (87%); BMI correlated with portal flow (p=0.010); flow was significantly higher in MASH (p=0.013, AUC=0.706) Impact: Our work demonstrates the feasibility of non-contrast 4D flow in individuals with obesity. Further, it indicates possible effects of obesity on portal venous flow and demonstrates its potential as a treatment monitoring tool in MASH.
Optimizing Temporal Resolution of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Abdominal MRI Using Deep Learning Reconstruction
Authors: Milshteyn Eugene , Ghosh Soumyadeep , Nakrour Nabih , Cochran Rory , Mercaldo Nathaniel , Wang Xinzeng , Tsai Leo , Guidon Arnaud , Harisinghani Mukesh
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Free breathing DCE imaging is beneficial for patients who have difficulty holding their breath, but can be susceptible to artifacts and suboptimal contrast bolus timing, which may compromise diagnostic accuracy. Goal(s): Our goal was to validate application of deep learning to 3D DISCO-Star imaging in the abdomen after doubling the number of wash-in phases via spoke reordering. Approach: 8 and 16 wash-in phase images were assessed by two radiologists across different IQ attributes. Noise characteristics were evaluated and AUC was calculated. Results: The radiologists preferred DL enhanced 16 wash-in phase across many of the IQ attributes, with higher SNR and decreased streaks. Impact: The ability to double the wash-in phases in DISCO-Star DCE imaging without compromising image quality via deep learning will provide enhanced diagnostic quality, and has the potential to improve patient care.
The Utility of Gadoxetic acid-Enhanced MRI in Quantitative Assessment of Transplanted Liver: Functional T1 Mapping
Authors: Chen Gen , Zhang Fan , Hu Xuemei , Hu Daoyu , Li Zhen
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI is a promising tool for assessing liver function, especially in the context of liver transplants. Goal(s): This study aims to examine the relationship between functional T1 mapping from gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and transplanted liver function. Approach: Liver transplant recipients underwent liver MRI, including T1 mapping and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI, to evaluate the relationship between MRI parameters and MELD. Results: Liver transplant recipients at low or moderate risk had significantly higher ΔT1% values compared to high-risk recipients. Impact: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI offers dynamic and hepatocyte-specific imaging, making it a comprehensive "one-stop" method for post-transplant complication and liver injury evaluation.
Comprehensive Assessment of Age-Related Hippocampal Changes in Murine Models Through Multimodal MRI and Spectroscopy
Authors: Qie Zhonghui , Yang Yanting , Small Scott , Guo Jia
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Analyzing aging mice and controls reveals insights into structural, functional, and neurochemical alterations linked to cognitive decline, and offers potential therapeutic leads. Goal(s): To comprehensively analyze age-related alterations in the hippocampus of mice with MRI, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of aging. Approach: We utilized a multimodality MRI protocol to investigate age-related changes in the mouse hippocampus. Aging mice and a control group were compared. Results: Structural MRI revealed a significant reduction in hippocampal size in the aging mice. Cerebral blood volume (CBV) MRI showed reduced CBV, indicating hypometabolism. Proton MRS identified significant glutamate (GLU) reductions, suggesting neuronal function alterations. Impact: Our study of age-related hippocampal changes in mice, revealing reduced hippocampal volume, metabolism and GLU levels. This translational multimodality approach enhances understanding of age-related deficits in the hippocampus, and promotes potential therapies interventions for both preclinical and human studies.
A Comparative Study of DTI and SANDI for Discriminating Alzheimer's Pathology in a 5xFAD Mouse Model
Authors: Liu Zhuoheng , Gaughan Adrienne , Wang Nian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: This study aims to assess DTI and SANDI's ability to detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a 5xFAD mouse model. Goal(s): Employ logistic regression and ROC curve analysis on data from 166 brain regions to compare the performance of DTI and SANDI. Approach: Data collection from 5xFAD mice, brain region segmentation, logistic regression modeling, and ROC curve generation. Results: SANDI exhibits superior AD detection capabilities compared to DTI, as evidenced by a higher AUC value, indicating enhanced sensitivity and specificity. These findings highlight SANDI's potential for nuanced preclinical AD biomarkers. Impact: Implementing SANDI over DTI may improve early detection of Alzheimer's, potentially leading to better patient outcomes through earlier intervention and more targeted therapeutic strategies in preclinical settings.
Probing alterations of brain microstructure in 3xTg-AD mouse via water and metabolites diffusion time-dependence
Authors: Zhou Ke , Wang Ziyan , Zhou Jiaqiang , Cai Chunli , Hsu Yi-Cheng , wang Min
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Diffusion-weighted MR Spectroscopy(DW-MRS) gives access to diffusion properties of endogenous intracellular metabolites to characterize brain cell microstructureµenvironment, which could potentially reflect changes in neuropathology during early Alzheimer's disease(AD). Goal(s): To measure the time-dependent diffusion and kurtosis of the intracellular metabolites and water in the 3xTg-AD mouse. Approach: In-vivo DW-MRS was applied to measure the hippocampus location at different diffusion-times(Td) in four 3xTg mice and four wild-type-C57BL/6 mice(200-day-old/females). Results: The intracellular metabolites change distinctly compared to water in Td-dependency and restricted diffusion between AD and control group. The Kurtosis of metabolites increased significantly in early-AD while water diffusion showed no difference between 2 groups. Impact: This work provides a unique insight into the diffusion time-dependency and kurtosis measurements of intracellular metabolites and water to probe the microstructural changes during the early presymptomatic stages of AD, which helps revealing some underlying processes during AD pathogenesis.
Novel regional biomarkers of progressive brain degeneration in the TauPS2APP mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Choy Man Kin , Meilandt William , Barck Kai , Gandham Vineela , Virgincar Rohan , Imperio Jose , Vito Steve , Wu Tiffany , Echeverria Ainhoa , Bohlen Chris , Weimer Robby , Xie Luke
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The TauPS2APP mouse is a well-established model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Traditionally, analyses focus on hippocampus and isocortex, but brain-wide analysis may yield a more comprehensive description of brain degeneration and identify additional regional biomarkers. Goal(s): Identifying robust signatures of brain degeneration resulting from amyloidosis and tauopathyApproach: We conducted a brain-wide voxel-based analysis of longitudinal MRI data from TauPS2APP mice collected from three studies (n=123). Results: We found expected and persistent hippocampal and isocortical volume differences between wildtype and TauPS2APP mice. Also, we identified progressive atrophy in caudoputamen (95% of 123 TauPS2APP mice) and expansion in subiculum/hippocampal commissures (89% of 123 mice). Impact: We identified novel and robust regional biomarkers of progressive brain degeneration in the TauPS2APP mouse model of AD. These regions are additional targets for assessing brain degeneration associated with amyloidosis and tauopathy, and for testing new therapies.
Whole-brain high-resolution myelin water fraction mapping within 6 min using the accelerated BMC-mcDESPOT (aBMC-mcDESPOT) method.
Authors: Bae Jonghyun , Gong Zhaoyuan , Laporte John , Guo Alex , Faulkner Mary , Bouhrara Mustapha
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Our previous works demonstrate the unique capability of BMC-mcDESPOT MRI method which provided myelin water fraction(MWF) mapping to infer myelination. However, the BMC-mcDESPOT protocol consists of multiple imaging sequences, leading to the total acquisition time of 17min. Goal(s): In this study, we test the feasibility of accelerating the acquisition by under-sampling in both the Fourier and in the data domain. Approach: We acquired fully-sampled BMC-mcDESPOT dataset, followed by under-sampled BMC-mcDESPOT dataset with compressed sensing. Further acceleration was achieved retrospectively in the data domain by selecting two flip-angles (aBMC-mcDESPOT). Results: Our results showed that derived MWF maps using BMC-mcDESPOT and aBMC-mcDESPOT were virtually similar. Impact: We proposed the accelerated BMC-mcDESPOT (aBMC-mcDESPOT) analysis, which drastically reduces acquisition time for accurately measuring MWF. This critical advancement in multicomponent relaxometry will allow greater integration of MWF imaging in clinical investigations for cerebral myelination in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Preliminary Diffusion MRI Findings in Hippocampal Subregions of People with Subjective Cognitive Decline
Authors: Flaherty Ryn , Sui Yu , Masurkar Arjun , Eldaief Mark , Rusinek Henry , Lazar Mariana
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Hippocampal subregions are differentially impacted by early Alzheimer’s pathology and may differ in their roles in information processing. However, differences in microstructure in hippocampal subregions have not been investigated in SCD. Goal(s): To investigate how hippocampal subregions (anterior, medial, and posterior) are affected in SCD. Approach: Anatomical and diffusion imaging was used to extract diffusion tensor and diffusional kurtosis imaging metrics from hippocampal subregions. Results: Reduced fractional anisotropy, decreased kurtosis, and increased mean diffusivity were found in SCD compared with a control group for the examined regions. The pattern of change varied across hemispheres and along the anterior-posterior axis. Impact: These data suggest heterogeneous pathological changes in the hippocampal microstructure in SCD indicative of neurodegeneration. These findings may inform future research on biomarker development for early AD detection.
Large-scale dynamic functional connectivity alterations in subjective cognitive decline: a rs-fMRI study on 5T MRI
Authors: Chen Futao , Zou Lixian , Fan Xiang , Cheng Guanxun , Li Ye , Liang Dong , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Zhang Bing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered to be the best window period for early diagnosis and intervention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, large-scale dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) alterations in this stage remain unclear. Goal(s): To assess alterations in large-scale DFC in SCD patients on 5T MRI. Approach: With a sliding-window approach and k-means clustering based on independent component analysis, rs-fMRI of high spatial-temporal dimension was used to evaluate large-scale DFC properties in SCD and normal control (NC) on 5T MRI. Results: Four distinct functional states were identified. DFC properties were statistically significantly different between SCD and NC in state 2 and state 3. Impact: Our study is the first successful attempt in fMRI of high spatio-temporal dimension on 5T MRI datasets. Altered temporal properties in large-scale DFC may serve as sensitive neuroimaging biomarkers for the preclinical detection of individuals with incipient AD.
Exploring Pathology Along the White Matter Tract near Hyperintense Vasogenic Edema through Multiparametric MRI and Diffusion
Authors: Wadghiri Youssef , Veraart Jelle , Murray Sean , Szabo Jakub , Khan Suleiman , Goldman Hannah , Soliman Muhammad , Llanos Michael , Kingsley Charles , Swain Jody , Gray Stanton , Hopkins William , Wisniewski Thomas , Scholtzova Henrieta
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There is a critical need for neuroimaging methodologies that can characterize the neuropathological changes associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Goal(s): Our goal was to explore CAA-associated pathology using multiparametric MRI including diffusion MRI. Approach: A combination of MRI techniques and histopathology was employed to evaluate and characterize the underlying neuropathological changes in a squirrel monkey model of AD. Results: Unique pathology was found to be present along normal appearing white matter tracts using conventional MRI near areas of hyperintense vasogenic edema. Impact: Given the prominence of CAA in human AD cases and the critical need for a more proximate model of AD pathology, our study evaluated the feasibility of advanced neuroimaging methodologies characterizing neuropathological changes in squirrel monkeys that develop spontaneous CAA.
In vivo tau and diffusion correlation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ulug Aziz , Watts Richard , Haxton Robert , Melton Robert , Magda Sebastian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To investigate the microstructural changes caused by tau deposits in Alzheimer's disease. Goal(s): Use diffusion imaging in vivo to detect microstructural changes related to tau deposits. Approach: We used MR diffusion and PET tau images in conjunction with native space segmentation maps from T1-weighted images to explore correlations between tau deposits and diffusion maps in a group of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Results: There is decreased diffusion in gray matter with increasing tau deposits in Alzheimer's patients which may be used for non-invasive monitoring of disease progression. Impact: Diffusion MRI may provide a proxy measure of tau deposits in gray matter and may decrease the need for repeated radioactive tracer use for monitoring Alzheimer's disease progression.
Associations among Glymphatic System Impairmentand its related abnormalities in Cerebral small-vessel disease patients
Authors: Huang Ming , Yu Hui , Lv Xin , AI Kai , Wu Peng , Gao Bo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The emergence of glymphatic system has provided new insights into the mechanisms of cognitive impairment(CI), and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases impairing cognitive function. Goal(s): We investigated the relationship among the ALPS index, white/gray matter abnormalities and structural network efficiency in CSVD patients. Approach: The diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS)-index and mediation analysis were performed . Results: Significant differences in the DTI-ALPS index were found between the HCs and CSVD_CI groups. Gray matter reserve and white matter integrity may mediates the relationship between glymphatic dysfunction and structural network efficiency in CSVD. Impact: Our results showed distinct relationships between glymphatic dysfunction and its related abnormalities, Gray matter reserve and white matter integrity may mediate the relationship between glymphatic dysfunction and structural network efficiency.
The exploration of neurovascular coupling injury in iNPH based on BOLD and ASL: a preliminary study
Authors: HUANG Wenjun , LIN Guangwu , XIAO Wenbo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Currently, it has been proposed that the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases such as iNPH (idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus) are related to the disorder of cerebral microvascular function, neurovascular uncoupling, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Goal(s): We aimed to explore the impairment of neurovascular coupling in iNPH using multi-types of CBF-BOLD coupling. Approach: In this study, we found that the coupling of spontaneous neural function to the corresponding cerebral blood flow was changed in iNPH. Results: The results suggest that neurovascular coupling can provide new clues for further exploring the relationship between brain disfunction and disorder progression and outcome in iNPH. Impact: The three coupling modes can be used to evaluate the potential mechanism of neurovascular coupling injury in iNPH, which may enhance our comprehension of the mechanism underlying neurovascular coupling injury in iNPH.
Glymphatic activity changes in patients with chronic insomnia：a DTI-ALPS study
Authors: Liu YaDong , Cheng YongJun , Wu Peng , Shen GuiQuan , Gao Bo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Long-term chronic insomnia is considered to be a high risk factor for dementia,but the relationship between insomnia and glymphatic activity is unclear. Goal(s): Aim to explore the relationship between the changes of DTI-ALPS index and mental and psychological performance in chronic insomnia patients. Approach: 20 patients diagnosed with chronic insomnia (CR) and 20 control subjects (HC) , MRI scanning, and DTI-ALPS analysis. Results: The glymphatic function activity of individuals with chronic insomnia is lower compared to the normal control group, and age independently influences this. There were significant correlation between the DTI-ALPS index, the scores of PSQI and MMSE. Impact: Chronic insomnia can cause a decrease in brain glymphatic function, and age is an independent factor that affects glymphatic function. Additionally, sleep quality and neuropsychological performance are also related to changes in glymphatic function.
Cerebrospinal fluid-based spatial statistics: towards quantitative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid pseudodiffusivity
Authors: Chen Yutong , Hong Hui , Nazeri Arash , Markus Hugh , Luo Xiao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation is crucial for removing waste from the brain, and abnormal CSF motion was associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to use low b-value diffusion MRI to assess the variance of motion of CSF, i.e., pseudodiffusivity, and investigate its association with cognitive impairment. Goal(s): To quantify CSF pseudodiffusivity within each sulcus, cistern and ventricle. Approach: In 93 participants from a memory clinic, Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI was performed to measure CSF pseudodiffusivity. Sulci and cisterns were segmented based on gray matter landmarks. Results: In the third ventricle, CSF pseudodiffusivity was positively correlated with memory performance. Impact: Our method of quantifying CSF pseudodiffusivity in different CSF regions in an unbiased, automatic fashion enabled discovery of potential novel non-invasive CSF-based imaging biomarkers of cognitive impairment.
Revealing abnormal brain motion in patients with neurodegenerative diseases using 3D quantitative-amplified MRI - A preliminary study
Authors: Terem Itamar , Younes Kyan , Vossler Hillary , Mormino Elizabeth , Cornfeld Daniel , Yeom Kristen , Airan Raag , Holdsworth Samantha , Setsompop Kawin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: 3D q-aMRI is a method for visualizing and quantifying the pulsatile brain sub-voxel displacement field. Here, we explore the potential of pulsatile brain motion as a biomarker for classification of common neurodegenerative diseases Goal(s): To explore the ability of 3D q-aMRI to detect abnormal brain motion in patients with common neurodegenerative diseasesApproach: The 3D q-aMRI outputs in 15 patients with different neurodegenerative diseases such mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), lewy body dementia (LBD), dementia due to AD were evaluated, and compared with healthy controls. Results: 3D q-aMRI revealed abnormal motion in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Impact: 3D quantitative-amplified MRI is a pulsatile brain motion visualization and quantification method. Exploring pulsatile brain motion as a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases classification is of great importance. 3D q-aMRI revealed abnormal pulsatile brain motion in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Association of MRI-derived Glymphatic Function with Cognition and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Zhang Boyu , Huo Yajing , Yang Zidong , Xv Shuai , Liu Yuchen , Zheng Rencheng , Chu Ying-Hua , Han Yan , Wang He
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Both cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and disfunction of glymphatic system contribute to cognition decline, yet the interactions between them remains unclear. Goal(s): Identify associations of glymphatic function with cognitive function and CSVD. Approach: 111 CSVD subjects were involved and underwent 7T MRI scans. CSVD makers, neuropsychological test and clinical characteristics were collected. Linear regression and mediation model were used to access the associations. Results: Age and CSVD markers were associated with glymphatic function in the multivariable model. The relationship between glymphatic function and cognition was mediated by CSVD burden. Impact: MRI-derived glymphatic features might be utilized to predict early CSVD-induced cognitive decline.
Effects of mild cognitive impairment and disorders of mineral metabolism on structural changes of brain in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Yuan Huijie , Luo Zhaoyao , Yang Jing , Ma Shaohui , Gu Wen , Zhu Xinyi , Li Peng , Su Hang , He Ronghua , Wei Xiaocheng , Mu Junya , Zhang Ming
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Brain damage in end-stage renal disease patients with mild cognitive impairment (ESRD-MCI) has not yet been elucidated. Goal(s): Our goal was to determine the characteristics of alterations in gray matter (GM) structure and the neurobiological mechanisms in ESRD-MCI patients. Approach: We utilized voxel-based morphology to analyze GM volume alterations in ESRD-MCI patients. Results: Results demonstrated that MCI in ESRD patients was predominantly impaired in the left middle temporal gyrus, completely mediating the effect of serum phosphorus on MCI. Impact: Our demonstration of a detectable volume decline in the left middle temporal gyrus utilizing structural MRI provides a quantitative metric to be utilized within clinical therapy trials for intervention of MCI in ESRD patients.
Multimodal Approach using MR and 18F-FDG-PET imaging in antemortem diagnosis of early stage TDP-43 Proteinopathy
Authors: Lavrova Anna , Pham Nha Trang Thu , Vernon Cynthia , Jack Clifford , Petersen Ronald , Dickson Dennis , Lowe Val , Carlos Arenn Faye , Whitwell Jennifer , Josephs Keith
Published: November 2024

Motivation: TDP-43, a 43kDa protein in the brain, plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative disorders and is a potential target for clinical trials. Confirmation currently requires an autopsy. Goal(s): To explore potential antemortem biomarkers for early-stage TDP-43 detection using conventional MRI and 18F-FDG-PET scans. Approach: Blinded visual evaluations of MRI and 18F-FDG-PET scans were performed utilizing specialized rating scales. Results: TDP-43(+) cases exhibited more medial temporal atrophy on MRI, though influenced by age. Visual inspection of MRI and 18F-FDG-PET changes could aid early TDP-43 prediction, although further research employing advanced neuroimaging and statistical techniques is essential to identify more robust early-stage TDP-43 neuroimaging biomarkers. Impact: Predicting TDP-43 status holds substantial diagnostic and clinical significance. TDP-43 could emerge as a promising therapy target in neurodegenerative disorders and a critical consideration in clinical trials. Early-stage TDP-43 prediction offers valuable insights into disease prognosis and progression.
MRI in-bore wireless link fidelity investigation with integrated ultra-wide-band antennas
Authors: Lee Wonje , Vasanawala Shreyas , Pauly John , Scott Greig
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Optimum antenna allocation within the MRI bore is essential for reliable wireless link establishment. Goal(s): Our goal was to identify a sweet spot for in-bore antenna integration. Approach: We utilized time domain pulse distortion metric to evaluate various link fidelities. Results: Study results suggest that the antenna allocation at the middle of the birdcage circumference may produce the minimum pulse distortion and interference. Impact: A time domain pulse distortion metric may provide useful design information to system engineers for reliable in-bore wireless link establishment over a desired bandwidth.
Parallel transmit spatial-spectral pulse design with specific absorption rate control for water excitation: validation in humans at 7 Tesla
Authors: Shao Xin , Zhang Zhe , Ma Xiaodong , Liu Fan , Guo Hua , Ugurbil Kamil , Wu Xiaoping
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Last year we demonstrated the utility of our new parallel transmit spatial-spectral pulse design for robust water excitation, but only using Bloch simulations without experimental proof. Goal(s): Our goal here was to validate our method via phantom and human scans at 7 Tesla. Approach: We validated our design method by collecting 3D GRE data in a water-fat phantom and in the human brain. All data were obtained on a Siemens Terra using the commercial Nova 8-channel transmit coil. Results: Our method outperformed existing approaches, producing uniform water excitation across the whole brain with nearly complete fat suppression even in the challenging areas. Impact: Validated in humans at 7 Tesla, our design method provides an effective solution for volumetric uniform water excitation, eliminating the need for additional fat saturation and holding a promise to many applications including high-resolution functional MRI at ultrahigh field.
Scalable fast online-customized (FOCUS) pTx pulses for 3D TSE sequences at 7T
Authors: Herrler Jürgen , Majewski Kurt , Liebig Patrick , Benner Thomas , Ferguson George , Gumbrecht Rene , Insua Ignacio Gonzalez , Heidemann Robin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: 3D TSE sequences at 7T suffer from poor homogeneity, signal dropouts and local SAR limits. Goal(s): Clinically acceptable image quality using scalable dynamic parallel transmit (pTx) pulses under SAR-constraintsApproach: Prior to the scan, a dictionary of preoptimized, symmetric pTx pulses is built. At the scanner, the best pulse for that subject is identified and serves as initialization for a then fast individual optimization constrained to maximum SAR, maximum voltage and temporal symmetry. Results: Clinically acceptable image homogeneity is achieved with two different pulses at the expense of 0.4ms/0.9ms longer pulse duration and 220%/14% higher SAR than the commonly used 1Tx pulse. Impact: A workflow to design customized and arbitrarily scalable pTx pulses is demonstrated, enabling homogeneous 3D TSE imaging of the head with variable flip angles at 7T. Various flip angle trains can be applied as flexibly as on 1Tx systems.
Discrepancy in the distribution of H217O and Gd-DTPA during and after intrathecal infusion in chronic unilateral hypoperfusion model mice.
Authors: Obata Takayuki , Takahashi Manami , Nitta Nobuhiro , Kershaw Jeff , Kameda Hiroyuki , Kudo Kohsuke , Takuwa Hiroyuki
Published: November 2024

Motivation: It is desirable to accurately evaluate water movement within the brain so that it can be compared with neurofluid flow observed with other tracers. Goal(s): The aim of this study was to evaluate the motion of neurofluids in a mouse model of chronic unilateral hypoperfusion using H217O and Gd-DTPA as MRI tracers. Approach: Dynamic T2WI and T1WI were performed during and after intrathecal infusion of H217O and Gd-DTPA, respectively. Results: There was a clear difference in the distributions of H217O and Gd-DTPA after intrathecal injection. This suggests that different mechanisms are involved in the transport of water and other molecules in the brain. Impact: The difference in distribution of the tracers in the UCCAO model suggests that this method may be useful for investigating the pathological mechanism of various brain diseases.
Delayed CSF clearance may provide a more sensitive disease marker than blood-CSF-barrier impairment in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
Authors: Bian Yuhan , Fuehrer Hannah , Cao Di , Sun Yuanqi , Gu Chunming , Li Yinghao , Bibic Adnan , Li Yuguo , Zhang Jiangyang , Knutsson Linda , Van Zijl Peter C.M. , Smith Wanli , Hua Jun
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Accumulation of abnormal proteins in AD has been linked with barrier breakdown between blood and tissue or CSF, and impaired clearance from the brain. Goal(s): To use GBCA-induced signal changes in ventricular CSF following intravenous injection and its decay over time as indices to study the integrity of blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB) and GBCA clearance via CSF, respectively. Approach: Dynamic-susceptibility-contrast-in-the-CSF (cDSC) MRI was performed in the 3xTg-AD mouse model. Results: Impaired clearance in AD mice became significant at 8 months. The amount of GBCA crossing BCSFB appeared similar between AD and WT mice at these early stages. Impact: Our results suggest that delayed CSF clearance may provide a more sensitive marker for AD, and parameters measured during the clearance phase may be more robust than measures obtained immediately after GBCA administration.
Assessment of disease progression in the zQ175 Heterozygous Huntington’s mouse model
Authors: Schmid Florian , Ruby Graham , Riegler Johannes
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Suitable mouse models of Huntington's disease are crucial for the evaluation and translation of potential new treatments. Goal(s): We studied the zQ175 heterozygous model for Huntington's disease in comparison to wildtype controls. Approach: We compared brain MRI and behavioral readouts over a large part of the lifespan to characterize and quantify phenotypes. Results: The model only developed a mild brain atrophy phenotype, part of the size difference was shown to be due to reduced growth rather than atrophy. Impact: This study can help researchers to make better informed decisions on mouse model selection for evaluation of potential treatment efficacy in translational studies of Huntington's disease.
Hemodynamic response to activation of excitatory and inhibitory neurons under awake and different anesthetic conditions
Authors: Jin Tong , Vo Thanh , Kim Seong-Gi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Understanding hemodynamic activity is essential for blood-based brain mapping techniques like fMRI. Goal(s): Many studies have demonstrated that excitatory activity leads to an increase in hemodynamic response. However, how inhibitory neurons regulate the brain blood’s supply is less understood. Also, how hemodynamic response is modulated by brain status induced by different anesthetic is still unclear. Approach: To investigate that, we used optical intrinsic signal imaging to investigate the roles of excitatory and inhibitory activity under awake and different anesthetic conditions. Results: Our findings revealed that different conditions not only shape the response time and peak change but also causes different hemodynamic response. Impact: We investigated the hemodynamic response of excitatory and inhibitory neurons by optogenetic stimulation under awake and 3 commonly used anesthetics. Our study may have an impact on investigating neurovascular coupling in different brain conditions.
Development of a dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI based acquisition and analysis method for investigating the glymphatic system in rats
Authors: Kreis Felix , Jost Gregor , Pietsch Hubertus
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The glymphatic system’s role in metabolic waste removal in the brain is crucial. Impairment of the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) has been linked to several neurological conditions. Goal(s): Our aim is to develop a method combining contrast media administration, MRI, and postprocessing for detailed study of the glymphatic system in rats. Approach: We investigated how administration routes with various invasiveness effect the distribution of contrast agent (CA) in the healthy rat brain and compared different data analysis methods. Results: Only cisterna magna application showed satisfying results. Time series cluster analysis shows patterns in the contrast agent distribution dynamic. Impact: A reliable MRI-based method for investigating the glymphatic system in rats will allow for the study of its role in several neurodegenerative and other diseases.
Mammalian Species: Development of Basic Tools for Standardized Brain Image Analysis
Authors: Okazaki Miyu , Hata Junichi , Muta Kanako , Kurokawa Karen , Oshiro Hinako , Yamamoto Kie , Nagakubo Dai , Nishimura Ryohei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Establishing standard brain images for various mammalian species may be useful in brain imaging analysis. Goal(s): The current research aimed to establish a foundation for brain image analysis tools in a variety of mammalian species, including cats and marmosets, for which standard brain data are scarce. Approach: For each species, we attempted to create an image of average brain using a nonrigid transformation algorithm. We also evaluated the quality of the average brain images by changing the number of subjects. Results: We were able to create an image the average human, cat, marmoset, and mouse brain based on T1- and T2-weighted images. Impact: This study provides an important foundation for the creation of standard brain images of various animal species and for the evaluation of individual differences.
Assessing Lactate Release in an Epilepsy Mouse Model using Metabolic Imaging of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate
Authors: Jhajharia Aditya , Moyer Mitchell , Olu-Owotade Jemima , Eldirdiri Abubakr , Bachani Muznabanu , Rogers Joshua , Zhu Minjie , Ksendzovsky Alexander , Mayer Dirk
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Thirty percent of epilepsy patients have seizures despite best medical therapies. Therefore, a non-invasive method to localize seizure onset zone (SOZ) and epilepsy network (EN) in epilepsy surgery to improve surgical outcomes is essential. Goal(s): The goal of this study was to apply dynamic magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of hyperpolarized [1‑13C]pyruvate (Pyr) to measure lactate (Lac) release in a Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) mouse model of epilepsy. Approach: We hypothesize that hpMRSI of [1-13C]Pyr accurately measures elevated Pyr-to-Lac conversion in a PTZ mouse model of epilepsy. Results: Significant increase in Pyr-to-Lac conversion has been measured in PTZ kindled mice compared to control mice. Impact: Epilepsy surgery outcomes depend on correctly identifying SOZ and EN. We utilized hpMRSI of [1-13C]Pyr to accurately identify elevated Lac release in PTZ mouse model of epilepsy. These results support its potential application to identify epileptic focus in epilepsy patients.
Optogenetic fMRI Reveals Brain-wide Functional Organization of the Zona Incerta Pathways
Authors: Wen Junjian , Lin Xuehong , Wang Xunda , Ma Teng , Xie Linshan , Cao Peng , Wu Ed , Leong Alex
Published: November 2024

Motivation: We do not yet know where zona incerta (ZI) neural activity is distributed in central pathways despite extensive knowledge of incertal projections and functions. Goal(s): We aim to reveal the long-range functional pathways of ZI neural activity to bridge the knowledge gap between known anatomical projections and implicated functions. Approach: We deployed optogenetic fMRI to directly initiate neural activity at ZI and computational approaches to characterize the downstream central pathways involved. Results: The propagation of neural activity from ZI are not restricted to monosynaptic projections within known subcortical structures, but along multi-synaptic, long-range central pathways. Impact: Characterization of ZI functional pathways is of tremendous value to neuroscientists and clinicians for future in-depth investigations of key/previously undefined incertal regions and for designing more effective therapeutic measures such as deep brain stimulation, where ZI is a key target.
Comparative Analysis of Contrast Agents for HCC Diagnosis Using LI-RADS 2018v
Authors: Yao Wei-wei , Liu Yu-Feng , Zhang Hanwen , Lin Fan , Deng Kan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Enhance precision in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis by determining the superior contrast agent. Goal(s): Compare Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA efficiency in displaying LI-RADS-recommended HCC features. Approach: Retrospective analysis of 98 HCC lesions using Gd-EOB-DTPA-MR and Gd-BOPTA-MR, assessing enhancement patterns and lesion-to-liver contrast. Results: Significantly varied capsule enhancement and lesion-to-liver contrast were observed in specific phases. Both agents demonstrated effective display capabilities (AUC>0.750) and excellent overall performance (AUC>0.950) across all phases. Impact: These findings offer crucial insights for clinicians and researchers, facilitating informed selection of contrast agents for accurate HCC diagnosis. Future investigations may focus on refining imaging protocols, ultimately improving patient care and management decisions.
Simplified LI-RADS Table for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis on Extracellular-Contrast Enhanced MRI: AFP as an Additional Major Feature
Authors: Zhou Jinhui , Zhang Yao , Zhang Jing , Chen Jingbiao , Jiang Hang , Han Yu , Zhang Linqi , Zhong Xi , Zhang Tianhui , Chen Lichun , Wang Yufeng , Xu Yikai , Yang Yang , Wang Jin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The MRI LI-RADS v2018 table is complex and has insufficient sensitivity. Goal(s): To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the simplified LI-RADS table for HCC on ECA-MRI, and to determine the value of AFP level as an additional major feature. Approach: We developed and compared the per-lesion sensitivity for HCC defined by LI-RADS v2018, simplified LI-RADS table, and both of them combined with AFP ≥ 200 ng/mL. Results: Compared with LR-5 v2018, the simplified LI-RADS table provided higher sensitivity and comparable specificity for HCC. AFP ≥ 200 ng/mL may be a suitable additional major feature for further improving LR-5 v2018 and sLR-5 classification. Impact: Our simplified LI-RADS table may be more convenient and clinically helpful, and the AFP ≥ 200 ng/mL may be a suitable additional major feature for accurate LR-5 and sLR-5 classification.
A study based on MRI features to assess vessels that encapsulate tumor clusters and microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Zixin , Zhang Tao , Zhang Xueqin , Zhao Xiance
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and microvascular invasion (MVI) are distinct vascular patterns of metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies have indicated that patients with VETC+/MVI+ HCC have the worst long-term outcomes. Goal(s): To establish a model based on MRI features of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018 for predicting VM (+) (VETC+/MVI+) HCC and assess its prognostic value. Approach: Retrospective study. Results: Size, arterial peritumoral enhancement, and peritumoral hypointensity on hepatobilary phase (HBP) are independent predictors of VM (+) HCC. The high-risk and low-risk groups predicted by the combined model show significant differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS) and early recurrence. Impact: Preoperative non-invasive identification of VETC+/MVI+ HCC assists clinical physicians in formulating individualized treatment plans, thereby improving patient survival rates.
Uncertainty assessment of iterative image reconstruction for dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) MRI
Authors: Dejene Edengenet Mashilla , Brenner Winfried , Makowski Marcus R. , Mayer Johannes , Kolbitsch Christoph
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The quality of the dynamic contrast enhanced images affects the quantification of physiological parameters. Goal(s): We aim to quantitatively investigate the impact of reconstruction quality on the accurate estimation of physiological parameters. Approach: Quantitative performance of two reconstruction methods was investigated using aleatoric (i.e., inherent ambiguity) and epistemic (i.e., mismatch between high quality training data and application data) uncertainties calculated with a DL approach. Results: Quantitative parameter estimates for tumor sub-structures were affected by the reconstruction quality. Aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties for $$$k_{trans}$$$ and $$$v_{e}$$$ were sensitive to reconstruction quality. This metrics served as quantitative markers for assessing the quality of reconstruction methods. Impact: The quality of the reconstructed images can impair diagnostic accuracy of quantitative parameters. The proposed approach allows to quantify the impact of image quality on the obtained quantitative DCE parameters without the need for a ground truth information.
Application of Pancreatic ECV Fraction measured by T1-mapping MRI in predicting Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Young Yiming , Liu Yupin , Zhou Dongjing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The mechanism of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in chronic liver disease (CLD) may be related to reduced insulin secretion caused by pancreatic fibrosis. Goal(s): This study aims to evaluating the value of T1-mapping MRI in quantifying pancreatic ECV fraction for predicting IGT in CLD. Approach: A total of 184 CLD patients were recruited in this study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of IGT in CLD. Results: After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index(BMI), hypertension,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR), cholesterol and triglycerides, pancreatic ECV fraction was identified as an independent predictor for IGT in CLD. Impact: The results suggest that pancreatic ECV fraction, quantified by T1-mapping MRI, may help elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of IGT in CLD.
Visualisation of shear from cine MRI: towards detection of gastrointestinal adhesions
Authors: Atkinson David , Taylor Stuart
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Imaging gastrointestinal obstructions and adhesions forms part of the 2024 Challenge on Unmet Clinical Needs. Goal(s): The goal is to investigate an analysis of tissue motion that may be able to distinguish adhering regions of tissue from normally-moving tissue. Approach: Time frames are non-rigidly registered giving a series of deformation fields. From these fields, a shear strain can be calculated at each pixel for each time frame. Summing over all the frames gives a single map of shear strain. Results: There is a visual correspondence between regions that are static, or move rigidly, and regions identified as having a low shear strain. Impact: Shear strain is presented as a color overlay over a cine gastrointestinal motility sequence. This visualisation may aid radiological detection of adhesions and subsequently direct more appropriate surgical intervention.
Identification of Relative Factors for Degraded Image Quality in Free-Breathing Dynamic Abdominal MRI
Authors: Noda Yoshifumi , Kawai Nobuyuki , Kaga Tetsuro , Kajita Kimihiro , Ueda Yu , Honda Masatoshi , Takai Yukiko , Ito Akio , Asano Masashi , Hyodo Fuminori , Kato Hiroki , Matsuo Masayuki
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The image quality of free-breathing sequence (4D FreeBreathing) is not stable. Goal(s): To identify the relative factors for degraded image quality in 4D FreeBreathing. Approach: Images using 4D FreeBreathing sequence were retrospectively obtained from 73 patients and logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: The presence of cirrhosis and unacceptable image quality on pre-contrast images were the relative factors for degraded image quality in 4D FreeBreathing. Impact: It is not preferable to perform 4D FreeBreathing in patients with cirrhosis and unacceptable image quality in pre-contrast scanning. Using the information of cirrhosis and image quality at pre-contrast, we may be able to select the appropriate candidates.
Push-button liver DCE MRI: free-breathing, high-resolution 3D DCE with T1 mapping using multitasking joint reconstruction
Authors: Liu Qi , Chen Zihao , Liu Qiufeng , Li Hualing , Yang Yang , Li Debiao , Xu Jian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To address the pain points in clinical abdomen DCE, including sacrifice of spatial resolution for temporal resolution, repeated breath-hold, risk of missing contrast arrival, and the need for separate T1 mapping scan. Goal(s): To develop an all-in-one, push-button abdomen DCE technique that improves kinetic mapping. Approach: It was developed using MR multitasking joint reconstruction and tested on volunteer and phantom. Results: Its feasibility was proven. Its feature includes free-breathing, high spatial and temporal resolution, and embedded T1 and B1 mapping for kinetic modeling correction. Impact: Abdomen DCE with the proposed MR multitasking joint reconstruction approach can make clinical liver DCE more accessible, more accurate and hassle-free, allowing further researches on DCE in liver disease diagnosis.