bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON MOODLE AS LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ONLINE ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Shofiyuddin Muhammad , Mustofa Mutmainnah , Umam Mohammad Rizal , Elfiyanto Sonny
Published: October 2022

In Indonesia, teaching learning process through Moodle as learning management system (LMS) has been implemented in education levels such as junior high schools, senior high school and universities. To find out the role of Moodle in learning English at a higher level, it is important to know whether students have different or the same perceptions about the use of Moodle in higher education, postgraduate level. The subject this research was postgraduate students from 3 different classes of English education department at University of Islam Malang. In this study, a qualitative method was used in the descriptive design, with an online questionnaire serving as the research instrument. Questionnaires are used to collect research data. There were 22 items in the questionnaires administered using Google Form that was purposed to know postgraduate students’ perceptions on Moodle at  University of Islam Malang with 3 aspects to analyze; Moodle implementation, Moodle practicality, and online learning environment. The results revealed that studying English through Moodle was preferred with 66,7% of respondents agreed with the statement. For Moodle practicality, it was easy to run with 20 respondents agreed the statement or 60,6% as percentage. Online learning environment made students easier to comprehend lecturers’ explanation of materials given as 63,6% respondents agreed with the statement in the questionnaire. From those results, it could be concluded that Moodle was a preferred LMS. It was considered easy to use. Online learning environment also eased students to understand lecturers’ materials in English education department
THE ANALYSIS OF COMPUTER MEDIA USE IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Humaidi Nurul
Published: October 2022

The use of computers in education is a factor; specifically, the computerization of educational materials is essential for both administration and the learning process. This includes the Islamic Religious Education because so far, there are still many that use traditional learning methods or lectures which make learning monotonous and boring for students. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the use of computer-based learning media in Islamic Religious Education subjects, the benefits, and also its obstacles. The research approach used is library research and data collection techniques with documentation, such as collecting journals, books, documents, and others related to the computer media use in Islamic religious education learning. The results obtained that the use of computer media in learning is very important to do because every learning process must follow the era, so that it is not monotonous. It takes the teachers ability to master computer and present more interesting learning with computer-based media
STUDI PENDAHULUAN PENGEMBANGAN ENSIKLOPEDIA BERDASARKAN KERAGAMAN NEPHENTHES DI HUTAN KOTA TARAKAN KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Wijarini Fitri
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui keragaman jenis nephenthes yang ada di Hutan Pertamina Juata Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) mengacu pada model pengembangan Borg And Gall. Tahap Research dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data tentang keragaman nephenthes yang terdapat di 9 Hutan Kota Tarakan. Pendekatan yang digunakan tahap ini adalah pendekatan eksploratif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan eksplorasi keragaman nephenthes di 9 hutan yang terdapat di Kota Tarakan. Namun, data hasil penelitian yang disajikan dalam artikel ini merupakan data hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Hutan Pertamina Tarakan.  Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi, dan lembar identifikasi nephenthes. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode petak dan jelajah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian,diperoleh 4 jenis nephenthes yang ditemukan, yaitu: N. ampullaria, N. raflessiana, N. gracillis, dan N. xhookeriana. Data hasil penelitian ini kemudian digunakan sebagai data awal untuk mengembangkan produk berupa ensiklopedia nephenthes. Ensiklopedia nephenthes yang dikembangkan dan digunakan sebagai sumber belajar mata kuliah Ekologi Tumbuhan
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN PAI PADA MATERI PENGENALAN HURUF HIJAIYAH BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA KELAS 1 SDN 001 RANAI KABUPATEN NATUNA
Authors: Lizawati Lizawati , Romelah Romelah
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini mendeskripsikan langkah- langkah penggunaan dan hasil  implementasi pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) pada materi pengenalan huruf hijaiyah berbasis multimedia di SDN 001 Ranai Kabupaten Natuna. Pendekatan penelitian ini ialah penekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus, sedangkan lokasi penelitian ini di SDN 001 Ranai Kabupaten Natuna  dengan informan dalam penelitian ini guru PAI dan  peserta didik kelas 1. Penelitan ini dengan cara pengumpulan data serta menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) langkah-langkah dari penggunaan multimedia huruf hijaiyah ketika pembelajran dikelas berlangsung meliputi: pendidik memutar audio visual tentang huruf hijaiyah dan peserta didik mendengarkan dan menirukan bacaan huruf hijaiyah secara bersama-sama, dilanjutkan guru membagi kartu  bertuliskan huruf hijaiyah dan peserta didik diminta untuk mengurutkan huruf hijaiyah mulai dari alif hingga yaa dengan maju ke depan kelas secara individu. (2) Hasil implementasi pembelajaran PAI pada materi pengenalan huruf hijaiyah berbasis multimedia menunjukan  peserta didik lebih bersemangat mengikuti proses pembelajaran dibanding menggunakan buku paket
TRANSFORMASI GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENERAPAN MERDEKA BELAJAR
Authors: Megayanti Windi , Asri Kholifatul Husna
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas transformasi gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam penerapan kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. Metode kulitatif dengan teknik analisis komparatif deskriptif sebagai metode yang digunakan dalam kajian penelitian. Objek penelitian ini ialah gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dengan membandingkan sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. Hasil dalam penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah sebelum diterapkannya kurikulum Merdeka Belajar lebih berorientasi administratif dan manajerial. Hal ini seperti yang termaktub dalam Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No. 28 Tahun 1990 tentang Pendidikan Dasar menyatakan bahwa “Kepala sekolah bertanggung jawab akan penyelenggaraan pemeliharaan dan pendayagunaan sarana prasarana sekolah, penguatan tenaga kependidikan dan juga kegiatan pendidikan”. Sedangkan setelah diterapkannya kurikulum Merdeka Belajar, kepala sekolah dituntut untuk dapat memotivasi guru, murid, dan orang tua dalam melaksanakan kebijakan merdeka belajar. Peran kepala sekolah menjadi sangat penting seperti pemimpin perusahaan yang menjadi poros dan acuan bagi seluruh karyawannya. Untuk itulah, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penerapan Merdeka Belajar, kepala sekolah kemudian bertransformasi layaknya seorang chief executive officer (CEO) sebuah perusahaan
Penerapan Model Belajar Problem Based Learning (PBL) Guna Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa Kelas VIII Pada SMP N 1 Setu
Authors: Untari Afifah Salma , Putrie Chientya Annisa Rahman
Published: October 2022

Penulisan ini diarahkan untuk memutuskan pengaruh model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) terhadap hasil belajar ujian ramah siswa kelas VIII 5 SMP N 1 Setu. Jumlah tes dalam tinjauan ini adalah 35 siswa. Metode pengujian yang diterapkan dalam review ini adalah model pembelajaran percakapan kelas yang diperkirakan dari hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII 5 secara kolektif siklus 1 dan pertemuan siklus 2. Sedangkan pada siklus berikutnya kelompok mendapat nilai tipikal 70,57 dengan responden 35 Siswa jelas tidak ada perbedaan yang mencolok sebelum menggunakan model pembelajaran percakapan kelas. Selanjutnya setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) pada kelompok siklus utama dan kelompok siklus berikutnya, diperoleh nilai normal 82,66 pada kelompok siklus dasar dan 91,35 pada kelompok siklus berikutnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa spekulasi Ha diakui dan Ho ditolak mengingat adanya pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran problem solving terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas VIII 5 SMP N 1 Setu
Kabardino-Balkaria in the administrative and territorial system of the Northern Caucasus in the first half of the 1920s
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Artur G. Kazharov , Khamitbi B. Mamsirov ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov, Karina A. Kushkhova ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov
Published: October 2022

During the first half of the 1920s, with the processes of searching for forms of the national-state structure of the mountain peoples, the mechanisms for their administrative-territorial control were developed. The solutions to these issues were interrelated and interdependent. The policy of the Soviet state was based on the principle of economic gravity of territories and the economic unity of the North Caucasus. At the same time, the regional systems of administrative-territorial admin-istration became a crucial instrument for the national policy of the Soviet government. An effec-tive system was designed that integrated the federal, local, and regional levels of government and management. In this regard, the administration of national autonomies, the South-Eastern region was created, and then the North Caucasus Territory, where a new trend associated with the consol-idation of the administrative and political elite of national autonomies occurred. During that time, the regional systems of administrative-territorial direction became a crucial instrument of the na-tional policy of the Soviet government. In general, an effective system was designed that integrat-ed the federal, regional levels of government and management. It lies in the need to ease territorial conflicts between the mountain peoples and to strengthen the political and economic foundations of national autonomies. The regional systems of administrative-territorial administration became an important instrument of the national policy of the Soviet government. An effective system was designed that integrated the federal, regional and local levels of government and management.
Problem of "ethnic" and "spatial" in the regional historical narrative: the case of Kabardino-Balkaria in the light of ethnogenomics data
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aslan Khazhismelovich Borov
Published: October 2022

While approaching to constructing a general history of Kabardino-Balkaria, the professional community of historians of the region should develop a general idea of the relationship between differentiating (ethnic) and integrating (socio-spatial) dimensions of the regional historical pro-cess. The proposed paper aims to create a preliminary idea of the relationship between “ethnic” and “spatial” in the history of Kabardino-Balkaria based on the systematization and analysis of data on the gene pool of modern Kabardians and Balkars. A review of the results of studies in phy-logenetic and gene geography showed that on the genetic map of the North Caucasus, they form a distinct inter-ethnic area or cluster of populations characterized by the internal heterogeneity of their gene pools and by the mutual proximity of genetic structures. Its formation results from the territorial proximity of ethno-social units and a dense network of regular social interactions be-tween them, which was reproduced over a long historical time. The historical narrative, having the formation of this area as its subject, should be guided by the identification of all factors and forms of social change that are not confined to the boundaries of the past and the boundaries of the eth-nic group. The first step in the entering of particular ethno-histories into the general historical space is their integration into the regional historical narrative. The spatial approach allows, more fully than the approach focused on ethnicity, to present in the narrative the peoples of the region as agents of historical changes in the internal and external milieu in which they exist. Because of the autonomous historical creativity of the Kabardian and Balkar peoples, Kabardino-Balkaria has developed as a historical region in which they carry out their livelihoods and streamline mutual relations. This is their contribution to the history of the North Caucasus, Russia, and the world.
The review of the monograph: "Dzamikhov K.F., Kazharov A.G. Kabardino-Balkaria – a Republic within the Russian Federation (1922-2022)
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov, Elena G. Muratova
Published: October 2022

The review on the book “Kabardino-Balkaria as a Republic within the Russian Federation (1922-2022)” prepared and published by doctors of historical sciences, professors K.F. Dzamihov and A.G. Kazharov is devoted to the subject that became repeatedly the subject of study of native his-torians and lawyers. In the contemporary socio-political discourse of life of the peoples of our re-gion, the theme under study saves its relevance. The preparation and publication of a fundamental work devoted to the 100th anniversary of Kabardino-Balkaria makes it possible to consider that the authors could provide a strictly academic and scientifically grounded analysis of the historical preconditions and various stages in the formation of national autonomy of the peoples of KBR. All the sections of the publication proposed by the authors have scientific content and “carry great educational and upbringing potential”. The publication deserves the highest praise and undoubted-ly contains a merging potential in the modern socio-political and spiritual life of Kabardino-Balkar society.
Incorporação de Tecnologias e o Financiamento da Assistência Farmacêutica no Sistema Único de Saúde Brasileiro
Authors: Falavigna Maicon
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Muito se discute sobre o financiamento e a sustentabilidade do sistema de saúde. A percepção geral é que os custos com novas tecnologias crescem de uma forma superior ao que o sistema de saúde consegue suportar. Objetivo: apresentar dados sobre valores orçados e executados do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro, em especial em relação à Assistência Farmacêutica.Métodos: avaliação, através do Portal da Transparência, dos valores orçados do Governo Federal e do Ministério da Saúde, e dos valores orçados e executados pela Assistência Farmacêutica, entre 2015 e 2021. Resultados: No período de 2015 a 2021 os gastos com a Assistência Farmacêutica permaneceram relativamente estáveis, entre 11 e 13 milhões de reais (em contraste com inflação acumulada de 37% no período). Entre 2015 e 2021, a Assistência Farmacêutica utilizou 75% a 87,5% de seu orçamento. Conclusão: entende-se que há oportunidade de promover maiores gastos com novas tecnologias, gerando maior retorno em saúde à população sem necessariamente impactar na sustentabilidade do sistema, uma vez que recursos disponíveis vêm sendo sistematicamente não utilizados ao longo dos últimos anos. Contudo, o financiamento do sistema de saúde e a avaliação de tecnologias são assuntos complexos, e esses fatores devem ser melhor investigados de forma a possibilitar melhor subsídio no processo de tomada de decisão a nível de incorporação de novas tecnologias.
Artikel kemanusian yang adil dan beradap
Authors: Katoda Astiana
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAKARTIKEL KEMANUSIAAN YANG ADIL DAN BERADAB DALAM KONTEKS KESEHATANSila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila. Kedua, menjelaskan konsep diskriminasi rasial dan dinamika permasalahannya di Indonesia. Ketiga, kiat-kiat atau cara mengaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam memerangi fenomena diskriminasi rasal. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti adalah Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila dan fenomena diskriminasi ras. Diskriminasi rasial merupakan salah satu persoalan krusial yang sampai saat ini masih membayang-bayangi kehidupan masyarakat global. Indonesia sebagai negara Pancasila pun tidak pernah luput dari masalah tersebut. Persoalan diskriminasi ras di Indonesia memiliki dinamika sejarah yang cukup panjang. Secara umum masalah tersebut berkembang melewati empat masa, yakni; pada masa kolonial (penjajahan Bangsa Belanda), masa Orde Lama, masa Orde Baru dan pada masa reformasi. Eksistensi masalah tersebut dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara bukan hanya berimplikasi terhadap keutuhan NKRI, melainkan juga terhadap citra kemanusiaan (martabat) bangsa. Citra kemanusiaan menjadi ambruk karena manusia tidak diperlakukan secara manusiawi. Manusia tidak direspek sebagai manusia, tetapi lebih dilihat dari segi penampilan fisik, serta dinilai dari latar belakang suku, budaya, agama, dan status sosial semata. Munculnya patologi diskriminasi ras dalam tubuh kebhinekaan bangsa Indonesia sampai pada era kekinian sejatinya bukan tanpa alasan. Alasan utamanya adalah karena Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab, yang memberikan dasar moral dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, belum terkristal dalam diri (seluruh hidup) manusia Indonesia. Karena itu, upaya reinternalisasi serta reaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab adalah sesuatu yang mutlak. Tentang hal ini, setidaknya ada delapan wujud Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab yang perlu diaktualisasikan, baik secara subjektif-horizontal maupun secara objektif-vertikal (1) Menegakkan prinsip keadilan. (2) Mengoptimalisasi implementasi prinsip egalitarianisme. (3) semangat toleransi. (4) wawasan multikultural. (5) Merevitalisasi cita rasa solidaritas. (6) semangat hospitalitas. (7) Merevitalisasi sipit persaudaraan. Dan (8) menghormati hak asasi manusia. Aktualisasi wujud Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat,
Việt Nam có nhiều đại diện trong danh sách các nhà khoa học ảnh hưởng nhất thế giới năm 2022
Authors: Ánh Đặng
Published: October 2022

Theo bảng xếp hạng do Nhà xuất bản Elsevier công bố, nhiều nhà khoa học Việt đã lọt vào danh sách "100.000 nhà khoa học có tầm ảnh hưởng" năm 2022.
Air pollution is associated with lower levels of social movement participation, especially among well-resourced communities.
Authors: Hunnicutt Patrick , Henderson Geoffrey
Published: October 2022

Social movements can mitigate environmental hazards like air pollution by mobilizing broad-based activism that spurs policy action, yet their capacity to do so is not guaranteed. The environmental hazards social movements seek to address exact costs on public health and well-being, possibly undermining social movement's ability to sustain collective action. Here we investigate whether air pollution reduces or expands social movement participation in the United States. We analyze novel county-level data on social movement participation acquired through a partnership with a nationwide grassroots organization that is a key actor in the American environmental movement. Leveraging quasi-random variation in ground-level particulate matter (PM2.5) explained by meteorological conditions, we find that higher levels of air pollution constrain social movement participation, even in counties with sufficient economic resources to mobilize collective action. These results hold after adjusting our estimates for important confounds of air pollution, meteorological conditions, and social movement participation, such as wildfires, urbanicity, and wealth. Overall, our study highlights the need to carefully examine the complex relationships between environmental hazards and the social forces and policy instruments working to address them. By increasing the barriers to social movement participation, pollution may beget more pollution.
Artikel kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab
Authors: Katoda Alexander Boby
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAKARTIKEL KEMANUSIAAN YANG ADIL DAN BERADAB DALAM KONTEKS KESEHATANSila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila. Kedua, menjelaskan konsep diskriminasi rasial dan dinamika permasalahannya di Indonesia. Ketiga, kiat-kiat atau cara mengaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam memerangi fenomena diskriminasi rasal. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti adalah Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila dan fenomena diskriminasi ras. Diskriminasi rasial merupakan salah satu persoalan krusial yang sampai saat ini masih membayang-bayangi kehidupan masyarakat global. Indonesia sebagai negara Pancasila pun tidak pernah luput dari masalah tersebut. Persoalan diskriminasi ras di Indonesia memiliki dinamika sejarah yang cukup panjang. Secara umum masalah tersebut berkembang melewati empat masa, yakni; pada masa kolonial (penjajahan Bangsa Belanda), masa Orde Lama, masa Orde Baru dan pada masa reformasi. Eksistensi masalah tersebut dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara bukan hanya berimplikasi terhadap keutuhan NKRI, melainkan juga terhadap citra kemanusiaan (martabat) bangsa. Citra kemanusiaan menjadi ambruk karena manusia tidak diperlakukan secara manusiawi. Manusia tidak direspek sebagai manusia, tetapi lebih dilihat dari segi penampilan fisik, serta dinilai dari latar belakang suku, budaya, agama, dan status sosial semata. Munculnya patologi diskriminasi ras dalam tubuh kebhinekaan bangsa Indonesia sampai pada era kekinian sejatinya bukan tanpa alasan. Alasan utamanya adalah karena Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab, yang memberikan dasar moral dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, belum terkristal dalam diri (seluruh hidup) manusia Indonesia. Karena itu, upaya reinternalisasi serta reaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab adalah sesuatu yang mutlak. Tentang hal ini, setidaknya ada delapan wujud Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab yang perlu diaktualisasikan, baik secara subjektif-horizontal maupun secara objektif-vertikal (1) Menegakkan prinsip keadilan. (2) Mengoptimalisasi implementasi prinsip egalitarianisme. (3) semangat toleransi. (4) wawasan multikultural. (5) Merevitalisasi cita rasa solidaritas. (6) semangat hospitalitas. (7) Merevitalisasi sipit persaudaraan. Dan (8) menghormati hak asasi manusia. Aktualisasi wujud Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat,
Pancasila kewarganegaraan
Authors: katoda Kristofel
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAKARTIKEL KEMANUSIAAN YANG ADIL DAN BERADAB DALAM KONTEKS KESEHATANSila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila. Kedua, menjelaskan konsep diskriminasi rasial dan dinamika permasalahannya di Indonesia. Ketiga, kiat-kiat atau cara mengaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam memerangi fenomena diskriminasi rasal. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti adalah Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila dan fenomena diskriminasi ras. Diskriminasi rasial merupakan salah satu persoalan krusial yang sampai saat ini masih membayang-bayangi kehidupan masyarakat global. Indonesia sebagai negara Pancasila pun tidak pernah luput dari masalah tersebut. Persoalan diskriminasi ras di Indonesia memiliki dinamika sejarah yang cukup panjang. Secara umum masalah tersebut berkembang melewati empat masa, yakni; pada masa kolonial (penjajahan Bangsa Belanda), masa Orde Lama, masa Orde Baru dan pada masa reformasi. Eksistensi masalah tersebut dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara bukan hanya berimplikasi terhadap keutuhan NKRI, melainkan juga terhadap citra kemanusiaan (martabat) bangsa. Citra kemanusiaan menjadi ambruk karena manusia tidak diperlakukan secara manusiawi. Manusia tidak direspek sebagai manusia, tetapi lebih dilihat dari segi penampilan fisik, serta dinilai dari latar belakang suku, budaya, agama, dan status sosial semata. Munculnya patologi diskriminasi ras dalam tubuh kebhinekaan bangsa Indonesia sampai pada era kekinian sejatinya bukan tanpa alasan. Alasan utamanya adalah karena Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab, yang memberikan dasar moral dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, belum terkristal dalam diri (seluruh hidup) manusia Indonesia. Karena itu, upaya reinternalisasi serta reaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab adalah sesuatu yang mutlak. Tentang hal ini, setidaknya ada delapan wujud Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab yang perlu diaktualisasikan, baik secara subjektif-horizontal maupun secara objektif-vertikal (1) Menegakkan prinsip keadilan. (2) Mengoptimalisasi implementasi prinsip egalitarianisme. (3) semangat toleransi. (4) wawasan multikultural. (5) Merevitalisasi cita rasa solidaritas. (6) semangat hospitalitas. (7) Merevitalisasi sipit persaudaraan. Dan (8) menghormati hak asasi manusia. Aktualisasi wujud Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat,
A Bayesian Workflow Approach for Testing the Capability of Signal Detection Theory Models
Authors: Busch Moreno Simon , Roesch Etienne Benoit
Published: October 2022

Signal detection theory (SDT) is an important tool for research in psychology and neuroscience. Estimating participants’ sensitivity (d’) and bias (c) from responses to stimuli is at the heart of a wide range of experimental domains. In the present work, we investigate a conventional Bayesian SDT model and incrementally build upon it to improve the model’s capacity to render precise estimates of sensitivity, bias, hit rate, false alarm rate, and correlation between sensitivity and bias. To test these models, we simulate responses from 100 participants to an oddball task with 25 targets and 75 foils. We simulate a high sensitivity and low bias group (d^'≅2±0.5, c≅0.1±0.5), and a low sensitivity and high bias group (d^'≅1±0.5, c≅0.5±0.5). We test three variations of the model, one with fixed parameters, a second with varying parameters, and a third with multivariate varying parameters with Lewandowski-Kurowicka-Joe (LKJ) correlation priors. The models are assessed progressively via a full Bayesian workflow with following steps: prior predictive checks, precision analysis, convergence checks, posterior assessment via similarity measures, posterior predictive checks, and model comparison. Bayesian workflow results provide rich information about priors, convergence, posterior distributions, and models’ predictive capacity. These outcomes exemplify the capacity of a gradual model design Bayesian approach to examine theoretical assumptions and provide more informative model outputs.
The Appraising Brain: intrinsic motivation modulates amygdala response to otherwise neutral stimuli
Authors: Murray Ryan , Kutlikova Hana H , Brosch Tobias , Sander David
Published: October 2022

Based on an affective neuroscience approach to appraisal theories of emotion, the present study tested the hypothesis that the amygdala is involved in the processing of concern-relevance. Thirty-five students with varying intrinsic academic intrinsic motivation performed three target detection tasks (i.e. targets vs. nontargets) using affectively neutral letter stimuli as targets. In one task, participants were given a cover story that their task-performance was indicative of future academic success. This intrinsic motivation task was controlled with two other tasks: an extrinsic motivation task allowing participants to earn money for themselves based on their task-performance, and a baseline task where participants were simply requested to perform the task while we were calibrating the scanner. Results illustrated an interaction effect both at the whole-brain and region-of-interest levels. When accounting for all three conditions, only during the intrinsic motivation condition did bilateral amygdala activation significantly increase with increasing academic intrinsic motivation scores when responding to targets (versus nontargets). Findings suggest inter-individual intrinsic motivations modulate amygdala response to otherwise neutral stimuli, consistently with the proposal that the amygdala is sensitive to the degree to which stimuli are relevant to the individual’s concerns. This stresses the need for more personalized analyses of brain responses to stimuli and tasks that are typically considered as “neutral” and hold important implications for psychiatric populations suffering from deficiencies in affective processing, particularly anxiety disorders.
Time spent thinking in online chess reflects the value of computation
Authors: Russek Evan , Acosta-Kane Daniel , van Opheusden Bas , Mattar Marcelo G , Griffiths Tom
Published: October 2022

Although artificial intelligence systems can now outperform humans in a variety of domains, they still lag behind in the ability to arrive at good solutions to problems using limited resources. Recent proposals have suggested that the key to this cognitive efficiency is intelligent selection of the situations in which computational resources are spent. We tested this hypothesis in the domain of complex planning by analyzing how humans managed time available for thinking in over 12 million online chess matches. We found that players spent more time thinking in board positions where planning was more beneficial. This effect was greater in stronger players, and additionally strengthened by considering only the information available to the player at the time of choice. Finally, we found that the qualitative features of this relationship were consistent with a policy that considers the empirically-measured cost of spending time in chess. This provides evidence that human efficiency is supported by intelligent selection of when to apply computation.
Not all games are created equal: Adolescents who play and spend money on simulated gambling games show greater risk for gaming disorder
Authors: Hing Nerilee , Russell Alex M T , King Daniel L. , Rockloff Matthew , Browne Matthew , Newall Philip Warren Stirling , Greer Nancy
Published: October 2022

Research reports positive associations between gaming disorder (GD) in adolescents and loot box purchasing but has not examined this relationship for other types of simulated gambling. This study examined whether greater engagement and expenditure in three types of simulated gambling were associated with meeting the criteria for GD in adolescents. A sample of Australians aged 12-17 years (N=826) was recruited through an online panel aggregator. It included 646 gamers (57.7% male) with 89 being classified as having past-year GD, as defined and measured by the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. Independent variables comprised past-month engagement in three simulated gambling activities (games with ‘mini’ gambling components, social casino games, and loot boxes), loot box purchasing, other microtransactions, impulsiveness, and demographics. Logistic regressions first examined whether engagement in each of the three simulated gambling activities was individually associated with GD, then with all three in the same model, and then controlling for demographic variables and impulsivity. Logistic regressions also examined whether microtransactions and purchasing loot boxes were individually associated with GD, then with both in the same model, and then controlling for demographic variables and impulsivity. Adolescents who had engaged in each simulated gambling activity in the past month were more likely to report meeting the criteria for GD. These relationships remained significant when controlling for common demographics and impulsiveness. Past-month engagement in social casino games increased the odds of GD 2.5 times (95% CI: 1.54; 4.02), 2.4 times for games with ‘mini’ gambling components (95% CI: 1.42; 3.90) and 2.0 times for engaging in loot boxes (95% CI: 1.22; 3.21), but only social casino games remained significant when controlling for engagement in all three activities. The likelihood of meeting the criteria for GD increased 3.8 times with expenditure on microtransactions (95% CI: 2.32; 6.27) and 4.6 times for buying loot boxes, and each remained significant when both were included in the model. Compared to digital games without simulated gambling elements, simulated gambling appears to attract adolescents who report GD. Implications of the results are discussed in detail.
Temporal discounting in children and adolescents with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A comparison of four scoring methods
Authors: de Water Erik , Demurie Ellen , Mies Gabry , Scheres Anouk
Published: October 2022

Temporal discounting (TD) tasks measure the preference for immediate rewards and have been widely used to study impulsivity in children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Relatively impulsive individuals tend to show high variability in their choices, which makes it difficult to determine commonly used TD outcome measures (e.g., area under the curve; AUC). In this study, we leveraged two published datasets to compare four methods (i.e., two predetermined rules methods, a proportion method, and logistic regression) to determine TD outcome measures in children and adolescents (ages 8-17 years) with (n = 107) and without ADHD (n = 128). In both datasets, TD outcome measures were highly correlated and group differences in TD were similar when using the two predetermined rules methods and the proportion method. When using logistic regression, a large proportion of AUCs (95% in dataset 1; 33% in dataset 2) could not be computed due to inconsistent choice patterns. These findings indicate that predetermined rules methods (for studies with small sample sizes or experienced raters) and a proportion method (for studies with larger sample sizes or less experienced raters) are recommended over logistic regression when determining TD outcome variables in children and adolescents with and without ADHD.
Psychology faculty overestimate the magnitude of Cohen’s d effect sizes by half a standard deviation
Authors: Schuetze Brendan A. , Yan Veronica X.
Published: October 2022

In this experiment, we recruited 261 psychology faculty to determine the extent to which they were able to visually estimate the overlap of two distributions given a Cohen’s d effect size; and vice-versa estimate d given two distributions of varying overlap. In a pre-test, participants in both conditions over-estimated effect sizes by half a standard deviation on average. No significant differences in estimation accuracy by psychology sub-field were found, but having taught statistics coursework was a significant predictor of better performance. After a short training session, participants improved substantially on both tasks on the post-test, with ~63% reduction in absolute error and negligible overall bias (~98% bias reduction). Furthermore, post-test performance indicates that learning transferred across answering modes. Teachers of statistics might find it beneficial to include a short exercise (less than 10 minutes) requiring the visual estimation of effect sizes in statistics coursework to better train future psychology researchers.
Expecting Tasks to Help or Hurt Subsequent Cognitive Performance: Variability, Accuracy, and Bias in Forecasted After-Effects
Authors: Francis Zoë Lynn , Inzlicht Michael
Published: October 2022

After-effects on cognition—where a prior activity either benefits or hinders subsequent cognitive performance—are empirically inconsistent. Do people have insight into when their subjective energy and cognition will be helped or hurt by engaging in prior activities? Studies 1a and 1b (combined N = 316) find that people expect more demanding and unenjoyable tasks to hinder their subsequent energy and cognitive performance, regardless of their willpower lay theory. Study 2 (N = 167) examines the accuracy of these forecasts using a within-subject design. Participants’ forecasts of their future subjective states did predict their actual experienced subjective states, but participants were not able to accurately forecast their subsequent math performance. Additionally, they significantly overestimated the detrimental effects of demanding prior activities on both subjective state and performance. Study 3 (N = 210) found that participants’ overestimation of detrimental after-effects could result in unnecessary financial costs, suggesting these biased forecasts can have consequences.
Designing an outdoor machinery monitoring device with integrated real-time kinematic positioning
Authors:   Center for Microelectronics and Information Technology, National Center for Technological Progress, Nguyen Ba Dat , Nguyen Hoang Long ,   Center for Microelectronics and Information Technology, National Center for Technological Progress, Nguyen Quoc Hung ,   Center for Microelectronics and Information Technology, National Center for Technological Progress, Le Quoc Tuan ,   Center for Microelectronics and Information Technology, National Center for Technological Progress, Tran Ha ,   Nacentech Technology and Business Incubator Center, National Center for Technological Progress, Nguyen Van Dua ,   Center for Microelectronics and Information Technology, National Center for Technological Progress, Hoang Si Hong ,   School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Published: October 2022

Accurate positioning ofoutdoor vehicles and machinery is of the top importance inmanagement, tracking, analysis, and control applications. However, most of the current vehicle tracking devices have an error of a few meters to several tens of meters,which is not enough for applications requiring high accuracy. This paper presents the design of an outdoor machinery monitoring device that integrates precise positioning technology of real-time kinematic (RTK). The device uses U-Blox’s Zed F9P module as the core to perform the high accuracy positioning function. Thanks to the integration of RTK positioning technology, the device can monitor the location of machinery outdoors with centimeter-level accuracy.
Research and development of 40 GHz bandwidth laser relative intensity noise measurement system using PID controller and ESA spectrum analyser
Authors:   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress, Ngo Hai Long , Luu Hoang Dat ,   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress, Tran Dinh Chi ,   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress, Do Viet Hoang ,   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress, Le Van Binh ,   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress, Cao Khac Thien ,   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress, Banh Quoc Tuan ,   Laboratory for Optical Fiber Laser Research Development and Application, National Center for Technological Progress
Published: October 2022

Measuring and evaluating the quality of laser sources used in optical communications and in the precision measurement system is essential. Relative intensity noise (RIN) is a parameter that directly affects the system quality. Therefore, RIN needs to be measured periodically. This study presents a high-sensitivity, broadband (40 GHz) RIN measurement system using a precisely temperature-controlled photodetector and an electrical spectrum signal analyser. RIN value is determined through indirect measurement of noise components: thermal noise, total detected noise, and the shot noise of the laser source. These noises are measured by using an Electrical spectrum analyser (ESA) and a super sensitive 61/2 digital multimeter (DMM). The experimental results of the RIN measurement of the reference Distributed feedback (DFB) laser source show the similarity between the RIN value measured by the system and the RIN value provided by the manufacturer.
Design of high-performance explosion proof motor of 3,000 rpm for local exhaust ventilation in underground mining
Authors:   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Do Nhu Y , Do Anh Tuan ,   National Center for Laser Technology, National Center for Technological Progress, Le Anh Tuan ,   Hanoi University of Industry, Luu Quoc Uy ,   Vietnam - Korea College of Quang Ninh
Published: October 2022

The power consumption of mine ventilation in general and local exhaust ventilation in particular accounts for a large proportion of the whole mine. Saving energy for the local exhaust ventilation that leads to the reduction of the overall power consumption of the entire mining enterprise is one of the necessary requirements. With the rapid development of rare earth, permanent magnet technology with high magnetic field density, line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor (LSPMSM) is becoming a suggestion of partially replacing for squirrel cage induction motors (IM) to save energy. The present results are a calculation of designing for the LSPMSM of 15 kW, 660/1,140 VAC, 3 phases, 3,000 rpm, and simulation of operating characteristics of the LSPMSM with the rated load of the exhaust ventilation of mine to replace the IM in practice.
Open Science versus Data Protection – Challenges and Solutions in Sign Language Acquisition Studies
Authors: Kolbe Vera
Published: October 2022

Research within Deaf communities needs to adhere to the ethical requests of the partner communities involved. These ethical requests can be met via open science practices that are implemented in the project strategies of the European Commission. Open science refers to transparent, collaborative, and accessible research including citizen science. However, researchers studying the acquisition of sign languages are challenged by the General Data Protection Regulation implemented by the European Parliament. Researchers who study sign languages frequently handle personal data, i.e. video data. Such data cannot be fully pseudonymised since facial expressions contain relevant linguistic inputs and cannot be blurred. Hence, strict data protection measures are necessary, but these measures are contradictory to open science practices. How can we meet the demands of the data protection regulations, as well as enable open science practices. This article identifies strategies used in a sign language acquisition study involving more than 100 sign language videos of children’s narrations, which was conducted at the Department of Sign Language Pedagogy and Audio Pedagogy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
“This Could Go On Forever”: Rethinking the End in Suzan-Lori Parks’s Apocalyptic Dramas
Authors: Berkowitz Holly
Published: October 2022

This article argues that Suzan-Lori Parks’s dramatic work should be considered in terms of its presentation of apocalyptic scenes that are unique in their rejection of endings. I examine Parks’s The America Play and Death of the Last Black Man in the Entire World as examples of apocalypse-in-process, representations of apocalypse that refuse a teleological context and instead focus on the unending nature of historical and global catastrophe. I build upon scholarship on Parks’s treatment of African American history and memory, particularly that which centres her preoccupation with the material and psychical remnants of slavery and oppression, to examine how apocalyptic themes undergird her writing. Parks’s reorientation of apocalyptic writing away from easily resolvable endings speaks directly to our present moment, in which anti-Black violence borne out of chattel slavery continues to reverberate in the face of the insidious violence of microaggressions and police brutality. In presenting sites of ostensible death as unlikely spaces for insurgent life, Parks’s plays rethink what narratives of death and trauma can look like.
The State of Urban History in Canada
Authors: Harris Richard
Published: October 2022

Canadian urban history had a golden age in the 1970s and early 1980s. Since then, considering only those researchers who consider themselves to be urbanists, its presence and influence has waned. National conferences are no longer held and edited collections of national scope no longer published. Fewer researchers who are doing research on cities in the past consider themselves to be urbanists and, in contrast with the earlier period, these are almost exclusively historians. The decline in Canada is in contrast with the situation in the United Kingdom and the United States, partly because of differences in national geography and in the salience of urban issues, and partly because of a smaller pool of academics and the lack of an institutional base. The immediate future offers few signs of change.
أفول النظرية الكبرى نقد الانتقائية التحليلية في العلاقات الدولية
Authors: قوجيلي سيد أحمد
Published: October 2022

ظهرت الانتقائية التحليلية في الأعوام الأخيرة تيارًا نظريًا واعدًا في نظرية العلاقات الدولية، واستقطبت اهتمامًا كبيرًا من الباحثين والمشتغلين في الحقل. تقوم الانتقائية التحليلية على ث اث ركائز، وهي: الدعوة إلى التنوع والتعددية النظريين من خلال تبنّي المنهجية الانتقائية، ومعارضة هيمنة البردايمات الكلاسيكية )الواقعية والنيوليبرالية والبنائية( على نظرية العلاقات الدولية، والقول بانحسار النظرية الكبرى وأفولها، والدعوة إلى الاستعاضة عنها بنظريات المدى المتوسط. تقدّم هذه الدراسة مراجعة نقدية لهذه الركائز، وتبيّن أنّ المنطق الانتقائي الذي تُبنى عليه الانتقائية التحليلية يشوبه بعض التناقض، وأنّ انتقاداتها للنظرية الكبرى مستندة إلى فهم غير مكتمل لماهيتها ووظيفتها، وأنّ النزعة الانتقائية ليست موضوعًا جديدًا في حقل العلاقات الدولية، وأنّ انحسار النظرية الكبرى لا يعني بالضرورة أفولها.
Teaching every body: A critical analysis of school programming on body image
Authors: Giacobbo Angela
Published: October 2022

Body dissatisfaction in children grows into harmful practices as they age. Schools provide education and programming to promote body satisfaction and positive body image in adolescents, but these teachings can be improved. This paper analyzes educational stakeholders’ services on body image through a critical lens while suggesting solutions to improve lessons, courses, and programming. Through braiding internal lessons with external programs, schools can fight against the potential risks of negative body image on adolescents. The literature review highlights the need for early education on body image and the importance of caregiver intervention. A critical review of the teacher and student dynamic introduces the opportunity that teachers as caregivers have to promote positive body image. Next, this paper discusses external intervention programs and the effectiveness of gender-specific programming while remaining critical of a lack of male-focused programs. This paper then discusses how teachers have more opportunities to hold open discussions for students to learn and share. Lastly, this paper describes how physical education classes can be modified to promote feelings of attractiveness and positivity while correcting misconceptions regarding exercising and gender. These changes to school programming will promote positive body image in students and open up classroom conversations.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN ADAT BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI DESA LUBUK BERINGIN
Authors: Norsidi Norsidi
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui strategi pengembangan model hutan berkelanjutan berbasis kearifan lokal di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini lebih menekankan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui analisis data model interaktif dan SWOT. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Matrix Grand Strategy terlihat titik staregi pengembangan model pengelolaan hutan berkelanjutan Desa Lubuk Beringin Kecamatan Bathin III Ulu Kabupaten Bungo masa mendatang berada di posisi strategi pertumbuhan, yaitu memanfaatkan seoptimal mungkin kekuatan dan peluang yang dimiliki. Dalam diagram menunjukkan bahwa titik potong (1,150; 0,530) berada pada kuadran I, dimana situasi tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan dan peluang agar dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan untuk pengembangan model pengelolaan hutan berkelanjutan Desa Lubuk Beringin di masa mendatang.