bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF SLANG WORDS USED BY NETIZENS COMMENTS ON DPIDAMU’S INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT (AN INSTAGRAM OF INDONESIAN PAGEANTS FANPAGE)
Authors: Nugraha Novanda Alim Setya
Published: August 2022

The objective of this paper is to find the types and the meaning of slang words used by netizens comments on DPIDAMU’s Instagram Account. This research used Elissa Mattiello’s theories about the types of slang words. This study is descriptive qualitative research. The data were taken from netizen comments of photos that have been uploaded by DPIDAMU from August until December 2021 where the researcher found nine types of slang that have been found from fifteen types of Elissa Mattiello’s slangs. They are acronym, blending, clipping, compounding, prefixation, reduplicative, reserved form, variation, and word manufacture, and fanciful formation.
TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH TO YOUNG LEARNERS
Authors: Malik Ermansyah , Te-Sheng Chang , Ross Robert
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine and describe the strategies used by English language teachers in teaching young learners, specifically at Kumon School in Makassar Indonesia. The methods applied in this study are peer observations, and interview methods. The results showed that based on the fifteen principles of teaching English to young learners, the three teachers successfully conducted the fourteen of the principles. The last principle examined was inapplicable in the institution. This study also revealed that the main obstacle in teaching young learners at this institution were; the unequal number of students for each classroom at the same levels, students grouping especially in competitive activities and teachers preferences on teaching aids and facilities. The research is concluded that to ensure the successful teaching and learning process at the early stage or young learners, particularly at this English institution, the continuous teacher training programs; pre-service and in-service are one of the key element. Furthermore, teachers’ creativity of using and selecting teaching strategies in teaching young learners and school’s supports in the form of classroom facilities and teaching materials
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE ELIMINATION OF ENGLISH SUBJECT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Rusdiah Rusdiah , Ridwan Ridwan , Rasjid Nurdina
Published: August 2022

Abstract. This study aims to determine the perceptions of students and teachers on the elimination of English subjects at the elementary schools level. This research was conducted because there was still a pros and cons of the placement of English subjects in the 2013 curriculum should be taught at which level. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects with purposive sampling were eighth grade students and English teachers. The research on the study was collected through interviews. Research data were analysed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion /verification. The results of this research indicate that students find it difficult to learn English material at the next level. While from the teacher also did not agree that the English language subjects at the elementary school level were abolished because students did not have the basis and complicate students in understanding the material at the next level
Language, Literature, and Cultural Codes in the Puya Ke Puya Novel by Faisal Oddang: A Study of Semiotics
Authors: Damayanti Ika , Ramly Ramly , Idawati Idawati
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine the form of language code, literary code, cultural code in the novel Puya Ke Puya by Faisal Oddang as teaching materials for prose fiction literature study programs in universities. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques are documentation with reading and listening techniques, and recording techniques. Data analysis was carried out through several stages, namely data identification, data classification, description, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the language codes used in the Puya Ke Puya novel were the use of regional languages in the form of greetings, kinship elements, everyday vocabulary and the use of foreign languages, literary codes depicted in words with connotations and figurative meanings, cultural codes in the novels concerned the system. The culture that exists among the Toraja people such as social organization systems, living equipment systems and technology, and religious systems.
Public health in Moscow in the context of the sustainable development goal “Good health and well-being”
Authors: Grechushkina Natalia А.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Management of public health requires a preliminary assessment of its current state and trends. The system of sustainable development goals offers a universal tool for evaluation of the progress in public health as a set of indicators, which characterize the fulfillment of specific objectives of the third goal (SDG 3). Using of this tool is particularly relevant for assessing the situation in 2020 that can be marked as the “era” of COVID-19. Objective. To assess the status and trends of public health in Moscow according to a number of key indicators of SDG 3 to characterize changes that occurred in 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The main method was the analysis of data taken from open sources of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. Results. The key indicators, used as the criteria for assessing the achievement of SDG 3, at Moscow level have been analyzed. In 2020 compared with 2019, the following positive trends are noted: mortality of newborns and young children, acute viral hepatitis B morbidity, mortality from malignant neoplasms, suicides and road traffic injuries decreased. The negative dynamics are associated with a slight increase in mortality from circulatory and respiratory diseases. Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic has taken its toll on Moscow's public health. However, positive trends in many of the SDG 3 indicators demonstrate the city's strong position and potential to achieve “good health and well-being”.
Implementation of primary and secondary prevention measures of diseases in Moscow
Authors: Smirnova Oksana A.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Preventive health care (preventive medicine or prophylaxis) implies a set of measures aimed at preventing the development of diseases, as opposed to their treatment of diseases. Disease prevention is based on interventions that can be classified as primary, secondary and tertiary prevention measures. Objective. To describe the primary and secondary prevention measures implemented in the city of Moscow. Materials and methods. For the purpose of the study, an information search was carried out according to a formulated request and a systematic analysis of the data obtained. Results. The analysis of the main measures implemented in the city of Moscow in relation to disease prevention has been carried out. The events on immunization of the population, on smoking cessation, getting rid of alcohol dependence, organization of rational nutrition and diet, protection of reproductive health and prevention of chronic non-infectious diseases are consecrated. The activity of executive authorities in relation to strengthening the health of the population of the city of Moscow is consecrated.
Evaluation of the use of the bedding function of City Clinical Hospital No. I. Pirogov during the period 2012–2021 based on statistical indicators
Authors: Shakhova Natalia V.
Published: August 2022

Relevance. The importance of efficient use of internal resources in health care is recognized at all levels of health management. An analysis of the indicators of the bed fund in dynamics makes it possible to assess the resources of a medical organization, identify problematic aspects in time and develop a set of measures aimed at eliminating errors and optimizing the work of the institution. Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the performance indicators of the round-the-clock hospital of the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N. I. Pirogov in the period 2012–2021 in order to improve the efficiency of the medical organization. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of the study, the obtained material was processed using analytical and statistical methods. Indicators of the use of the bed fund of the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N. I. Pirogov for 2012–2021, necessary for calculations, were taken from table 3100 of the Federal statistical Obstrvation form No. 30 “Information on a medical organization”. The calculation of indicators was carried out on the basis of methodological recommendations on the application of standards and norms of resource provision of the population in the healthcare sector [1]. Results and discussions. To assess the effectiveness of a medical organization providing care in a hospital, 4 main indicators of the use of the bed fund were used. The results of the average annual bed occupancy showed that the highest level of the indicator falls on 2014 (404 days), and the lowest on 2021 (278 days). The indicator tended to decrease by 24 % and amounted to 278 days by 2021, which indicates a pronounced intensification of the treatment process. The bed turnover indicators indicate a pronounced intensification of the treatment process. The greatest intensification was recorded in 2021 (43.9 patients per 1 bed) and amounted to 129 %. In general, the bed turnover indicators for the hospital in the period from 2012–2021. had an upward trend. An analysis of the bed turnover clearly showed that a two-fold excess of the standard significantly affected the average duration of the patient's stay in bed. In 2012, the indicator was 10.5 days. In subsequent years, the indicator tended to decrease and by 2021 reached the level of 4.9 days. The results of the analysis of bed downtime show that the most downtime of beds occurs in 2020 (1.6 days) and 2021 (1.5 days). Such a jump in the indicator is most likely associated with the forced of beds re-profiling. Conclusions. Analysis of indicators of the use of beds in the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N. I. Pirogov in the period 2012–2021. showed that in general there is an increase in the efficiency of the hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly analyze the main statistical indicators in order to identify errors early and develop ways to solve them.
Dimensions of National Law Development in Indonesia
Authors: Hamzani Achmad Irwan , Mukhidin  , Rahayu Kanti , Sanusi  , Rizkianto Kus , Khasanah Nur , Aravik Havis
Published: August 2022

Legal development is a necessity for the Indonesian people. Having its product law becomes the identity of a free nation. The original Indonesian law will later become a national law that is free from colonial legal products. This study aims to describe the terminology of legal development and reform and the urgency of developing a national criminal law in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that legal development is synonymous with legal reform. Legal development is an inseparable part of national development. Integrating and synergizing with other fields such as politics, economy, society, environment, and security in legal development is necessary. Legal development must be sustainable and well planned. Legal development can also mean legal reform which includes updating existing or outdated legal provisions and creating new laws needed to meet the demands of developments that occur in society. The implementation of legal development is not only limited to statutory regulations but also leads to a legal system such as the development of legal materials, institutional development and law enforcement, development of legal services, and development of public legal awareness. These elements influence each other, and the law must be built simultaneously, synchronously, and integrated. The development of criminal law for the Indonesian nation is very urgent because as an independent nation it does not yet have its criminal law system. The current criminal law system is the Dutch colonial legacy legal system
Crossroads between Brazil and The United States: Eshu, Ogun and Oshunmare in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy and Conceição Evaristo’s Ponciá Vicêncio
Authors: Silva Danielle de Luna e , Paulino Renan Cabral
Published: August 2022

This research of a bibliographical qualitative nature, aims at exposing the findings of the scientific investigation which comparatively studied A Mercy (2008), written by the North-American scholar, Toni Morrison and Ponciá Vicencio (2017) written by the Brazilian contemporary writer Conceição Evaristo, in order to list elements related to the presence of Orishas in the narratives. At the end of the study, it was noticed that there is, in both novels, evidence that are convergent to characteristics of Oshunmare, Ogun and Eshu. This latter was approached as an element that made possible the comparative reading of Afro-Brazilian and African-American Literature.
The Effects of Zentangle® on Affective Well-Being Among Adults: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chung Siu-Ki , Ho Fiona Yan-Yee , Chan Henri Chun-Yiu
Published: August 2022

Importance: Zentangle® is a self-help art modality purported to have repetitive, mindful, and meditative qualities. It can be a cost-effective intervention, but its effect on affective well-being has been underresearched.

Objective: To evaluate the immediate and 2-wk postintervention effects of Zentangle delivered by a certified Zentangle teacher on affective well-being in the general population.

Design: Two-armed parallel-groups pilot randomized controlled trial.

Participants: Thirty-eight participants from a nonclinical population.

Intervention: Participants were randomized into the Zentangle group, which participated in a 2-hr Zentangle class and were encouraged to practice for 2 wk, or the waitlist control group. Participants learned basic Zentangle principles and drew two Zentangles under the teacher’s instructions.

Outcomes and Measures: The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form were used to assess positive and negative affect; depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms; and self-compassion.

Results: Significant reductions in negative affect were found in the Zentangle group compared with the waitlist control group at both immediate and 2-wk postintervention assessments (ds = 1.04 and 0.79, respectively, p < .001). Participants who practiced Zentangle for >80 min per week had a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms and an improvement in self-compassion (ds = 0.84 and 0.24, ps < .05 and .005, respectively). No significant between-groups difference was found for other measures.

Conclusions and Relevance: Our results shed light on the effects of Zentangle on improving affective well-being in the general population. With sufficient practice, Zentangle can also help improve self-compassion and reduce anxiety.

What This Article Adds: The results of this study could provide information to determine whether Zentangle can be used as a tool in occupational therapy intervention to improve affective well-being.
Interventions to Improve Social Participation, Work, and Leisure Among Adults Poststroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Proffitt Rachel , Boone Anna , Hunter Elizabeth G. , Schaffer Olivia , Strickland Madison , Wood Lea , Wolf Timothy J.
Published: August 2022

Importance: Sustaining a stroke frequently leads to difficulties in returning to work, leisure, and social participation. These outcomes are important for occupational therapy practitioners to address.

Objective: To determine the current evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to improve social participation, work, and leisure among adults poststroke.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and Cochrane databases.

Study Selection and Data Collection: Primary inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed journal articles published between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2019, within the scope of occupational therapy that evaluated an intervention to address work, leisure, or social participation poststroke (levels of evidence ranged from Level 1b to Level 2b). Reviewers assessed records for inclusion, quality, and validity following Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Findings: Forty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Forty-four articles related to social participation were categorized as follows: occupation-based approaches, metacognitive strategy training, education and training approaches, impairment-based approaches, and enriched environment approaches. Three articles related to work and 3 articles related to leisure were not further categorized (2 articles were each included in two categories). Seventeen Level 1b and 30 Level 2b articles were included. The strength of evidence to support occupational therapy interventions for social participation, work, and leisure outcomes is predominantly low.

Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapy interventions may improve work, leisure, and social participation outcomes poststroke, with the strongest evidence existing for client education, upper extremity training, and cognitive training for improving social participation.

What This Article Adds: Occupational therapy practitioners may use the available literature along with clinical reasoning to improve work, leisure, and social participation outcomes among clients poststroke. Additional research is required to build stronger evidence to support clinical decision making in stroke rehabilitation in these areas.
Lutando para Existir: Experiência Vivida e Sofrimento Social de Pessoas Transgêneras
Authors: Silva Gustavo Renan de Almeida da , Barcelos Tomíris Forner , Aiello-Vaisberg Tânia Maria José
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a experiência vivida por pessoas transgêneras na perspectiva da psicologia psicanalítica concreta. Organiza-se metodologicamente como uma pesquisa qualitativa, com o uso do método psicanalítico, na investigação de 13 vídeos do YouTube, nos quais pessoas que se identificam como transgêneras relatam suas experiências de vida. A consideração desse material permitiu a proposição interpretativa de dois campos de sentido afetivo-emocional: perverso e degenerado e ser ou não ser verdadeiro. Tomando Monique Wittig e Donald Winnicott como interlocutores privilegiados para refletir sobre esses campos, chegamos a um quadro que indica que a cisheteronormatividade pode ser considerada uma violência radical na medida em que se coloca contra o self, encarando a sexualidade de modo reducionista e atacando o próprio sentir pessoal que é fonte de criatividade e espontaneidade.
Recruitment and retention of diverse students and faculty in women’s health
Authors: Montgomery Tiffany M. , Ajoff-Foster Patience N. , Moore Shawana S. , Hamilton Nalo M.
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the importance of increasing racial and ethnic diversity among women’s health nurse practitioners, as such diversity needs to reflect that of the communities they serve, presenting strategies to achieve equitable representation of historically underrepresented students and faculty.
Vaginal estrogen: An option to be considered for postmenopausal women
Authors: Roloff Kendra L.
Published: August 2022

The author reviews the use of vaginal estrogen for postmenopausal women affected by the genitourinary syndrome of menopause, explaining that it is safe and effective for most and that women’s health nurse practitioners are well positioned to recognize the need for vaginal estrogen, educate the patient on safety concerns, and prescribe it when indicated.
Adolescent mental health: A guide for the primary care provider
Authors: Teague Malinda S. , Derouin Anne L.
Published: August 2022

This article provides an overview of the prevalence of and risks for depression and anxiety among adolescents in the United States, evidence-based resources for evaluation of these young patients, and management options available when such conditions are identified in primary care settings.
El huracán del 15 de agosto de 1680
Authors: Ferrer Joan
Published: August 2022

Aún cuando la Española se encuentra ubicada en una zona de alto riesgo en términos de la incidencia de ciclones, huracanes y tormentas, la bibliografía disponible sobre el impacto de estos fenómenos durante el periodo colonial es más bien escasa, por no decir nula. Este artículo pretende, por tanto, analizar los efectos que produjo el huracán del 15 de agosto de 1680, a la luz de un impreso de factura madrileña, descubierto en los prolíficos y siempre generosos fondos de la British Library. Desconocido hasta ahora por las fuentes historiográficas nacionales, el documento enumera los estragos que dejó el sistema a su paso por el espacio insular, lo que nos permite, además, aproximarnos a las condiciones de vulnerabilidad que acusaba la sociedad criolla durante el denominado Siglo de la Miseria.
Haití en la obra histórica de Emilio Cordero Michel
Authors: San Miguel Pedro L
Published: August 2022

No necesita resumen.
Reseña de Libros: Jorge Ortiz Murias, Las monedas que circularon en la Capitanía General de Puerto Rico (1508-1900)
Authors: González de Peña Raymundo Manuel
Published: August 2022

No necesita de un resumen.
Documento Histórico: Carta de Fr. Manuel Francisco de Ripa, O.F.M., al Gobernador y Capitán General de la Isla de Cuba. Sobre mal estado de la Iglesia del Convento de San Francisco en la Ciudad de Santo Domingo, pide ayuda para su reconstrucción
Authors: González de Peña Raymundo Manuel
Published: August 2022

No necesita de un resumen.
Legal Guarantees to Protect Investment in Iraq
Authors: Al-Dulaimi Faris Mahal Ramadan
Published: August 2022

Domestic and foreign investment is considered one of the most significant factors of commercial activity in current actuality, due to the great role, it plays in the level of monetary and sociable growth in the governments that attract investment, and because it is a major channel through which capital and scientific and technical expertise flow. This idea includes giving the local or foreign investor legal guarantees against any of the commercial and non-commercial risks to which his investment project is exposed. Therefore, the research deals with these guarantees and legislative and judicial benefits for the local and foreign investor, their implications, method of reporting, and their types, in addition to knowing the legal guarantees for the conservation of the intellectual and industrial effects and how to determine these guarantees from the amended Iraqi Investment Law No. 13 of 2006. Through this research, several results have been reached, most notably: The Iraqi investor and the foreign investor enjoy many guarantees and benefits approved by the Iraqi Investment Law. In addition to encouraging the Iraqi and foreign private sector to invest in Iraq by providing the necessary facilities for establishing investment projects and enhancing the competitiveness of projects covered by the provisions of this law. The Iraqi investment law has set real and serious guarantees for the investor, in the belief of the legislature in the importance of investment and its role in the monetary expansion of the country. We believe that it is a law that meets the requirements of investment, but that it needs to be reviewed in some of its parts. With regard to intellectual property, the legislator has set guarantees and benefits for intellectual property, it has become an urgent necessity in the dawning of the technical, industrial, and commercial products that the world is building, and the emergence of many global and restricted associations and agreements that have embraced intelligent property security greatly.
Manoeuvering through the Dilemma of Marketing Positioning In the Frozen Food Business
Authors: Hasan Hazriah , Muhammad Farah Hanan , Muhammad Mohd Zulkifli
Published: August 2022

The thrust of her family is well protected. To secure frozen food production is not a playful business. She gambled on her well-being and left her wealth to start a new small business without her knowing how to execute the food processors and machinery. She baked dough and cooked the fillings with her full-hearted energy. She successfully produced her first ever bake after a year of trial. No shortcut towards success in life, she believed. She needs a living, therefore she oughta challenge. The challenge that she encountered will make her stronger surely and eventually.Many entrepreneurs start their businesses in ‘rough situations. Some have abandoned families who don’t fit with any part of their business. In contrast, Mrs. Ruzi was practically smothered by parental involvement, support, and caring. She has lost her husband to illness, live in poverty, and was exposed to hunger and destitution. Her children live in all kinds of conditions and are sometimes ‘set up for failure’ from the very start. But her children also are able, despite their initial circumstances, to achieve great things in life. Her dream comes true when on 1st January 2009, she formed a company of her own and named it after her own name, RUZI'S FOOD. Despite her composed face, it is clearly engraved with the indescribable feeling of owning a business. On that significant date, she found a real workplace at 1893 Panchor, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan. By looking at the structure of her company, Mrs. Ruzi is a very strong and visionary person. With her own capacity, the company has been able to survive till today even continuously facing several sets of hurdles in the business.
 
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Case Teaching Strategy
This case is rated medium to difficult; depending on how deep the analysis one wants to undertake. The case should be distributed to participants or students a few days before the discussion session takes place, and at least THREE HOURS should be allocated for the discussion and class activity. If desired, the initial discussion can be conducted in groups of THREE or FOUR participants/students and followed by a general class discussion. For students, the case study can be used for a long report in lieu of the traditional final exam.
 
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Teaching note
You do not currently have access to these teaching notes. Please email at geric@umk.edu.my if you require the teaching note. Teaching notes accompany case studies with suggested learning objectives, classroom methods, and potential assignment questions. They support dynamic classroom discussion to help develop student's analytical skill
Wau Tradisi: Branding of a Traditional Family Mixed Gravy Spice
Authors: Hassan Hasannuddiin , Yusuff Mohd Nor Hakimin , Aziz Mohd Ikhwan
Published: August 2022

This case describes a family business producing gravy mix spices—known as' gravy 'in Malay—that has been operating since the 1970s in Kampung Kubang Pasu, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. In 1984, Mr.Mohd Anazim Adnan (henceforth he shall be known as "Anazim"), a family member of the third generation, was entrusted with the legacy of this mixed spice "gravy" business that was started by her great grandmother. In 1986, via Kilang Bimbingan Bank, Pembanggunan started the first pilot test in Kota Bharu. In line with the development of the local food industry and the transition of business management from the store to the factory, Mr. Adnan (Anazim's father) applied for the grant and set up the wau tradisi in 1986 in Kilang Jalan, Padang Tembak. As a result, the transition from Anazim's father to him was successful. The company was able to maintain the success of this mixed spice gravy by continuing the family’s secret recipe for generations. Most of the traditional methods for food manufacturing and business management are still practiced in the business of Wau Tradisi. As the company manager, Anazim feels there is a need to update the company’s management, expand the market, and conduct research on the products. Because the mixed spices gravy market is highly demanded in Malaysia, and there is not enough supply to supply all of Peninsular Malaysia, In the transition and expansion process, there are two vital turning points that have to be overcome. First, the product branding, and second, the human resources. During the period, Anazim faced difficulties managing the obstacles, such as poor support from its management and documentation issues. Anazim was able to move the business forward after the obstacles were removed by using trial and error steps. Currently, Anazim is able to expand his business internationally and capture the demand both locally and internationally.
 
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Case Teaching Strategy
This case is rated medium to difficult; depending on how deep the analysis one wants to undertake. The case should be distributed to participants or students a few days before the discussion session takes place, and at least THREE HOURS should be allocated for the discussion and class activity. If desired, the initial discussion can be conducted in groups of THREE or FOUR participants/students and followed by a general class discussion. For students, the case study can be used for a long report in lieu of the traditional final exam.
 
====
Teaching note
You do not currently have access to these teaching notes. Please email at geric@umk.edu.my if you require the teaching note. Teaching notes accompany case studies with suggested learning objectives, classroom methods, and potential assignment questions. They support dynamic classroom discussion to help develop student's analytical skill
Bottom water oxygenation changes in the southwestern Indian Ocean as an indicator for enhanced respired carbon storage since the last glacial inception
Authors: Amsler Helen Eri , Thöle Lena Mareike , Stimac Ingrid , Geibert Walter , Ikehara Minoru , Kuhn Gerhard , Esper Oliver , Jaccard Samuel Laurent
Published: August 2022

Abstract. We present downcore records of redox-sensitive authigenic uranium (U) and manganese (Mn) concentrations based on five marine sediment cores spanning a meridional transect encompassing the Subantarctic and Antarctic zones in
the southwestern Indian Ocean covering the last glacial cycle. These records
signal lower bottom water oxygenation during glacial climate intervals and
generally higher oxygenation during warm periods, consistent with
climate-related changes in deep-ocean remineralized carbon storage. Regional
changes in the export of siliceous phytoplankton to the deep sea may have
entailed a secondary influence on oxygen levels at the water–sediment
interface, especially in the Subantarctic Zone. The rapid reoxygenation
during the deglaciation is in line with increased ventilation and enhanced
upwelling after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which in combination
conspired to transfer previously sequestered remineralized carbon to the
surface ocean and the atmosphere, contributing to propel the Earth's climate out of the last ice age. These records highlight the still insufficiently documented role that the Southern Indian Ocean played in the air–sea partitioning
of CO2 on glacial–interglacial timescales.
Homogenizing Swiss snow depth series – Impact on decadal trends and extremes
Authors: Buchmann Moritz , Resch Gernot , Begert Michael , Brönnimann Stefan , Chimani Barbara , Schöner Wolfgang , Marty Christoph
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Our current knowledge on snow depth trends is based almost exclusively on these non-homogenized data.Long-term observations of deposited snow are well suited as indicator of climate change. However, like all other long-term observations, they are prone to inhomogeneities that can influence and change trends if not taken into account. We investigated the effects of removing inhomogeneities in the large network of Swiss snow depth observations on trends and extreme values of commonly used snow indices, such as snow days, seasonal averages or maximum snow depth in the period 1961–2021. For this task, three homogenization methods were applied: Climatol and HOMER, which use a median based adjustment method, and interpQM, which applies quantile based adjustments. All three were run using the same break points and input data. This allowed us to investigate and quantify the effects of these methods on the homogenization results. We found that all three methods agree well on trends in seasonal average snow depth, while differences are visible for seasonal maximum snow depth and the corresponding extreme values. Here, the quantile-based method performed slightly better than the two median-based methods, as it had the smallest number of stations outside the 95 % confidence interval for 50-year return periods of maximum snow depth. These differences are mainly caused by the way the reference series are selected. The combination of a high minimum correlation (>0.7) and restrictions in vertical (<300 m) and horizontal (<100 km) distances proved to be better suited than only using correlations or distances respectively as criteria. The adjustments removed all positive trends for snow days in the original data and strengthened the negative mean trend, especially for stations >1500 m. In addition, the number of significant negative stations was increased between 7–21 %, with the strongest changes at higher snow depths.
Fabrication of integrated polysilicon waveguides for mid-infrared absorption sensing
Authors: Stocker Gerald , Consani Cristina , Thakkar Pooja , Fleury Clement , Tortschanoff Andreas , Ourak Khaoula-Farah , Pühringer Gerald , Jannesari Reyhaneh , Saeidi Parviz , Aschauer Elmar , Bartl Ulf , Kovatsch Christoph , Grille Thomas , Jakoby Bernhard
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The increasing popularity of environments equipped with sensors for convenience and with safety features, as in, for example, smart homes, greenhouses, or the interior of modern cars, demands a variety of sensor systems. In this respect, the sensing of ambient gases in the sense of air quality monitoring or leakage detection is one of the prominent applications. However, even though there are many different systems already available, the trend goes towards smaller and rather inconspicuous sensors which are embedded in the environment. We present the fabrication and characterization of integrated waveguides, which constitute an interesting platform for absorption spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) using the evanescent field of guided modes interacting with the analyte, thus leading to the absorption-induced attenuation of the mode. Corresponding simulations, characterizing the efficiency of the desired interaction, predict values for the confinement factor Γ and the intrinsic damping D for a waveguide geometry, which is then characterized by measurements. Furthermore, we discuss how these waveguides could be part of an integrated, non-dispersive, mid-IR sensor system fully integrated on a single chip. In this context, we present a way to maintain the quality of waveguides throughout the entire workflow needed to integrate a pyroelectric IR detector based on aluminum nitride (AlN).
Compound flooding in convergent estuaries: insights from an analytical model
Authors: Familkhalili Ramin , Talke Stefan A. , Jay David A.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. We investigate here the effects of geometric properties (channel depth and
cross-sectional convergence length), storm surge characteristics, friction,
and river flow on the spatial and temporal variability of compound flooding
along an idealized, meso-tidal coastal-plain estuary. An analytical model is
developed that includes exponentially convergent geometry, tidal forcing,
constant river flow, and a representation of storm surge as a combination of
two sinusoidal waves. Nonlinear bed friction is treated using Chebyshev
polynomials and trigonometric functions, and a multi-segment approach is
used to increase accuracy. Model results show that river discharge increases
the damping of surge amplitudes in an estuary, while increasing channel
depth has the opposite effect. Sensitivity studies indicate that the impact
of river flow on peak water level decreases as channel depth increases,
while the influence of tide and surge increases in the landward portion of
an estuary. Moreover, model results show less surge damping in deeper
configurations and even amplification in some cases, while increased
convergence length scale increases damping of surge waves with periods of 12–72 h. For every modeled scenario, there is a point where river discharge
effects on water level outweigh tide/surge effects. As a channel is
deepened, this cross-over point moves progressively upstream. Thus, channel
deepening may alter flood risk spatially along an estuary and reduce the
length of a river estuary, within which fluvial flooding is dominant.
Seasonal variability in Antarctic ice shelf velocities forced by sea surface height variations
Authors: Mosbeux Cyrille , Padman Laurie , Klein Emilie , Bromirski Peter B. , Fricker Helen A.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Antarctica’s ice shelves resist the flow of grounded ice towards the ocean through “buttressing” arising from their contact with ice rises, rumples, and lateral margins. Ice shelf thinning and retreat reduces buttressing, leading to increased delivery of mass to the ocean that adds to global sea level. Ice shelf response to large annual cycles in atmospheric and oceanic processes provide opportunities to examine how environmental changes affect dynamics of both ice shelves and the buttressed grounded ice. Here, we explore whether seasonal variability of sea surface height (SSH) can explain observed seasonal variability of ice velocity. We investigate this hypothesis using several time series of ice velocity from Ross Ice Shelf (RIS), satellite-based estimates of SSH seaward of the RIS front, ocean models of SSH under and near RIS, and a viscous ice sheet model. The observed annual changes in RIS velocity are of order 1–10 metres per year (roughly 1 % of mean flow). The ice sheet model, forced by the observed and modelled range of SSH of about 10 cm, reproduces the observed velocity changes when visco-elastic effects near the grounding line are parameterized in our viscous model. The model response is dominated by grounding line migration, but with a significant contribution from SSH-induced tilt of the ice shelf. Improvements in measurements and models of SSH, including under ice shelves, combined with additional long-term GNSS records of ice shelf velocities, will provide further insights into longer term ice shelf and ice sheet response to future changes in sea level.
We just try to work with the needs in front of us
Authors: Bell Nancy , Desai-Trilokekar Roopa
Published: August 2022

The Ontario government’s International Education Strategy (2015) establishes goals for international education and the hosting of international students in Ontario schools. Using a critical policy lens, we focus on teachers as key to enacting these policy objectives in local contexts. The article presents findings from four focus groups of Ontario teachers working in schools with large international student cohorts. We found teacher participants were generally unaware of a broader vision or strategic goal for the presence of these students in their schools. They found it difficult to meet the needs of this growing cohort, and they faced this challenge with varying degrees of enthusiasm. Factors that influenced their enactment included personal background and education, as well their ability to collaborate and work in contexts with a professional ethos. Overall, teachers expressed a desire for more information, support, and professional development, including opportunities for collaboration, with regard to educating international students in their schools.
L’influence des activités internationales sur la production de recherche universitaire au Canada
Authors: Olivier BÉGIN-CAOUETTE  , ZAMBO ASSEMBE Emile Salomon
Published: August 2022

La recherche universitaire est une activité qui transcende les frontières géographiques et qui se construit à même des expertises, des ressources, une mobilité et des collaborations internationales L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner l’influence perçue de l’internationalisation sur la production de recherche par les professeurs d’universités à forte intensité de recherche dans cinq provinces canadiennes. Une enquête à laquelle 1 045 professeurs ont répondu suivie d’analyses descriptives, tests d’échantillons appariés et d’une ANOVA, révèlent que l’internationalisation est perçue comme ayant une influence positive sur la production de recherche. Les collaborations internationales de recherche, le recrutement international de professeurs et d’étudiants aux cycles supérieurs, de même que le financement international de la recherche, sont considérés comme ayant plus d’influence que le recrutement d’étudiants au premier cycle et les partenariats institutionnels.
Les relations élèves-enseignants et les attitudes des enseignants : contribution du statut générationnel et de la région d’origine
Authors: Gilbert-Blanchard Ophélie
Published: August 2022

Compte tenu du nombre croissant d’élèves issus de l’immigration dans les écoles, cette étude a pour objectif d’examiner leurs perceptions des relations avec leurs enseignants ainsi que des attitudes de ces derniers à leur égard. Les données ont été recueillies auprès de 819 élèves dans huit écoles secondaires du Québec. Les résultats montrent que les élèves de 2egénération considèrent leurs relations avec les enseignants comme étant moins chaleureuses, alors que les élèves de 1regénération perçoivent des attentes de réussite plus élevées et davantage de rétroaction négative, comparés à leurs pairs de 3e génération et plus. Les élèves d’origine haïtienne rapportent moins d’échanges chaleureux avec leurs enseignants que les élèves de 3e génération et plus. Aussi, les élèves haïtiens de 1re génération perçoivent davantage d’attentes de réussite que les élèves haïtiens de 2e génération. Les implications de ces résultats pour la pratique et la recherche sont discutées.
Reducing Knee Joint Load during a Golf Swing: The Effects of Ball Position Modification at Address
Authors: Kim Sung Eun
Published: August 2022

As the modern golf swing has changed, the incidence of knee pain in professional golfers is increasing. For those with previous knee injuries, developing a golf-swing modification that reduces knee loading may be necessary to recover performance after injury. The purpose of this study was to test whether ball position modification reduces knee joint load in a golf swing. Thirteen male professional golfers participated in the study. Golf swings were captured using a three-dimensional motion capture system and two force platforms, with conditions for self-selected ball position and eight additional ball positions. Knee internal rotation and adduction moments were calculated. The length of one golf ball (4.27 cm) backward ball position (closer to the golfer) significantly reduced the peak internal rotation moment of the lead knee (- 13.8%) (p < 0.001) and the length of one golf ball (4.27 cm) away from the target ball position significantly reduced the peak adduction moment of the lead knee (- 11.5%) (p < 0.001) compared with that of the self-selected ball position. Based on these observations, we conclude that the backward ball position modification might be suggested for golfers with anterior cruciate ligament injuries, and the away from the target modification might be suggested for golfers with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.
Analisis pengaruh covid 19 dan faktor-faktor ekonomi terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan di Bursa Efek Jakarta
Authors: Hena Eduardus
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Covid 19 dan kurs Rp/USD serta inflasi terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan (IHSG) di Bursa Efek Jakarta. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut  maka dilakukan pengumpulan data sekunder, dilanjutkan dengan mengolah data untuk menguji hipotesis. Uji hipotesis terdiri dari uji parsial menggunakan uji t dan uji simultan menggunakan uji F pada tingkat keprecayaan 95 persen pengaruh   Covid 19 dan kurs Rp/USD serta inflasi terhadap IHSG. Hasil uji hipotesis ditemukan bahwa  secara parsial Covid 19 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IHSG dengan koefisien regresi -0,04 artinya  bila kasus positif Covid 19 meningkat 1 % mengakibatkan IHSG berkurang sebesar 4 %, dan kurs Rp/USD berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IHSG dengan koefisien regresi 0,89 artinya apabila kurs rupah terapresiasi 1% dari USD mengakibatkan IHSG meningkat 89%, sedangkan inflasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IHSG.  Secara simultan Covid 19 dan kurs Rp/USD serta inflasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IHSG, sehingga model regresi berganda IHSG diformulasikan sebagai berikut:  Y = 0,95 – 0,04X1 + 0,89X2 – 1,05 X3; Y = IHSG, X1 = Covid 19, X2 = kurs Rp/USD, X3 = inflasi.
NEW AND HIGHLY EFFICIENT METHOD TO MEASURE STEADY SHEAR VISCOSITY AND WALL SLIP OF RUBBER COMPOUNDS: CLOSED-BOUNDARY RHEOMETER (RPA)
Authors: Burhin Henri G. , Rauschmann Thomas , Graf Hans-Joachim
Published: August 2022

The rubber process analyzer was commercialized by Monsanto Rubber Instrument and Equipment company in the early 1990s. In its initial version, the RPA was able to perform only oscillatory-type tests, which varied in frequency and strain. Later, it offered a controlled strain–stress relaxation test. Only recently and not for all models has a controlled steady shear test been made available. Using this type of test, the instrument has successfully measured steady shear viscosity with high repeatability without correction. The results fit well with other rheometers or viscometers when no-slip conditions are ensured. The closed-boundary configuration prevents edge fracture, as commonly experienced with open-boundary rheometers (DMA) on high-viscosity, high-elasticity materials. A comparison of results using grooved dies (no-slip) and polished dies (slip) readily provides wall slip velocity under constant pressure. The results of wall slip versus shear stress follow a power-law function per the Navier slip law [F(V) = −k(Vr)e]. This method separates the shear rate from pressure effects on wall slip. It questions pressure-driven flow instruments (capillary rheometer), which use pressure measurements for shear stress calculations, and prevents an easy and controlled change of the die surface roughness.
Ética da alteridade: implicações da não-presencialidade na educação a distância
Authors: Chaves Amanda Pires , Goergen Pedro L.
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as possíveis implicações da não-presencialidade na constituição da alteridade enquanto fundamento da ética nos processos de formação superior a distância. A teoria do filósofo Emmanuel Levinas serve de ancoragem para esta pesquisa a partir da concepção de alteridade, infinita e transcendente, manifestada na epifania do Rosto. A relação face a face entre seres humanos rompe o caráter totalizador da relação de indiferença e intolerância e abre caminho para uma nova relação eu-Outro que considera plenamente a alteridade, respeitando as diferenças. A metodologia utilizada é de natureza qualitativa e se caracteriza como um estudo de cunho teórico, bibliográfico, com abordagem interpretativa crítica. Foi possível verificar que a não-presencialidade, traz implicações para a constituição da alteridade enquanto fundamento ético dos processos de formação superior a distância, associados às relações intersubjetivas, entre professores e alunos. Dessa forma, considera-se que a relação originária corpórea, anterior a não-presencialidade, é uma possibilidade de propiciar alguma rostidade, mesmo sendo ela apenas inicial.