bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Onset of Cosmic Reionization: Evidence of an Ionized Bubble Merely 680 Myr after the Big Bang
Authors: Tilvi V. , Malhotra S. , Rhoads J. E. , Coughlin A. , Zheng Z. , Finkelstein S. L. , Veilleux S. , Mobasher B. , Wang J. , Probst R. , Swaters R. , Hibon P. , Joshi B. , Zabl J. , Jiang T. , Pharo J. , Yang H.
Published: February 2020

While most of the intergalactic medium (IGM) today is permeated by ionized hydrogen, it was largely filled with neutral hydrogen for the first 700 million years after the big bang. The process that ionized the IGM (cosmic reionization) is expected to be spatially inhomogeneous, with fainter galaxies likely playing a significant role. However, we still have only a few direct constraints on the reionization process. Here we report spectroscopic confirmation of two galaxies and very likely a third galaxy in a group (hereafter EGS77) at redshift z = 7.7, merely 680 Myr after the big bang. The physical separation among the three members is <0.7 Mpc. We estimate the radius of ionized bubble of the brightest galaxy to be about 1.02 Mpc, and show that the individual ionized bubbles formed by all three galaxies likely overlap significantly, forming a large yet localized ionized region, indicative of inhomogeneity in the reionization process. It is striking that two of three galaxies in EGS77 are quite faint in the continuum, thanks to our selection using their Lyα line emission in the narrowband filter. Indeed, one is the faintest spectroscopically confirmed galaxy yet discovered at such high redshifts. Our observations provide direct constraints on the process of cosmic reionization, and allow us to investigate the properties of sources responsible for reionizing the universe.
Laboratory Observations of Ultra-low-frequency Analog Waves Driven by the Right-hand Resonant Ion Beam Instability
Authors: Heuer Peter V. , Weidl Martin. S. , Dorst Robert S. , Schaeffer Derek B. , Tripathi Shreekrishna K. P. , Vincena Stephen , Constantin Carmen G. , Niemann Christoph , Wilson III Lynn B. , Winske Dan
Published: February 2020

The right-hand resonant instability (RHI) is one of several electromagnetic ion/ion beam instabilities responsible for the formation of parallel magnetized collisionless shocks and the generation of ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves in their foreshocks. This instability has been observed for the first time under foreshock-relevant conditions in the laboratory through the repeatable interaction of a pre-formed magnetized background plasma and a super-Alfvénic laser-produced plasma. This platform has enabled unprecedented volumetric measurements of waves generated by the RHI, revealing filamentary current structures in the transverse plane. These measurements are made in the plasma rest frame with both high spatial and temporal resolution, providing a perspective that is complementary to spacecraft observations. Direct comparison of data from both the experiment and the Wind spacecraft to 2D hybrid simulations demonstrates that the waves produced are analogous to the ULF waves observed upstream of the terrestrial bow shock.
Innovative Approaches to Inservice Education
Authors: Seigel Harriet
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

The many challenges facing nursing educators today include meeting the regulatory agency education standards while reaching staff on a variety of shifts/ schedules. This article describes a model for the development, implementation, and evaluation of required inservice education that meets this challenge. Creative teaching strategies are discussed that facilitate learning at the individual level, encourage staff participation at the unit level, and contain costs at the department level.
Effects of a Web-Based Teaching Method on Undergraduate Nursing Students' Learning of Electrocardiography
Authors: Jang Keum S. , Hwang Seon Y. , Park Soon J. , Kim Yoon M. , Kim Mi J.
Published: February 2020

This study examined the effects of a Web-based teaching method (versus a traditional lecture method) on undergraduate nursing students' learning of electrocardiography (ECG). The Web-based learning program was developed by the authors and implemented for 4 weeks. The study used a pretestposttest experimental design. A total of 105 senior nursing students were recruited at a university in Korea. Fifty-four students were assigned to an experimental group in 2002, and 51 were assigned to a control group in 2003. Knowledge about ECG among students in the Web-based group was significantly lower than that of students in the control group (
p
< .01). Conversely, the ability to interpret ECG recordings was significantly higher among students in the Web-based group (
p
< .05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in level of motivation or satisfaction with learning. The self-directed, Web-based ECG learning program appears to be effective in helping nursing students to interpret ECG recordings.
Multiple Role Adaptation Among Women Who Have Children and Re-Enter Nursing School in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Li-Ling
Published: February 2020

This study assessed multiple role adaptation within maternal and student roles among female RNs who had children and returned to school for baccalaureate degrees in Taiwan. Using Roy's Adaptation Model as the theoretical framework, relationships were explored among demographic (number of children, age of youngest child, employment status), physical (sleep quality, health perception, activity), and psychosocial factors (self-identity, role expectation, role involvement, social support) and multiple role adaptation (role accumulation). The sample included 118 mother-students who had at least one child younger than age 18 and who were studying in nursing programs in Taiwan. The highest correlation was found between activity and role accumulation followed by significant correlations between sleep quality, health perception, maternal role expectation, and age of youngest child and role accumulation. In regression analyses, the complete model explained 46% of the variance in role accumulation. Implications for education and future research are identified.
The Effect of a Metacognitive Intervention on Approach to and Self-Regulation of Learning in Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: August-Brady Michele M.
Published: February 2020

There is little empirical support in the nursing education literature related to the process of learning. This quasi-experimental study examined the effect of a meta-cognitive intervention (concept mapping) on approach to learning and self-regulation of learning in a sample of baccalaureate nursing students. Significant group differences were found in the concept mapping group, with an increase in deep approach to learning and adaptive control belief mean scores at the end of the semester. Students in the control group experienced a decrease in the deep approach to learning mean score and an increase in the surface approach to learning mean score at the end of the semester. Therefore, students who used concept mapping demonstrated an increase in deep approach to learning and the self-regulation of that learning, compared with students who did not use concept mapping. The results of this study provide empirical support for the use of concept mapping as a metacognitive intervention.
A Closer Look at PowerPoint
®
Authors: Driessnack Martha
Published: February 2020

This article is a reflective essay for both nursing students and faculty that asks each to take a closer look at the pervasiveness of PowerPoint
®
slide presentations in nursing education and consider the hidden costs or messages involved.
The Effect of a Training Course on Nursing Students' Attitudes Toward, Perceptions of, and Confidence in Managing Patient Aggression
Authors: Needham Ian , Abderhalden Christoph , Zeller Adelheid , Dassen Theo , Haug Hans-Joachim , Fischer Joachim E. , Halfens Rudolf J.G.
Published: February 2020

Patient aggression is a problem in many health care settings, and nursing students are among the most vulnerable to experiencing such aggression. Training courses have been suggested to help nurses better manage patient aggression. Such courses can lead to changes in attitudes toward and perceptions of, as well as greater confidence in managing, aggression. In this quasi-experimental study, we investigated the effect of a training course on nursing students' attitudes toward, perceptions of, and confidence in managing patient aggression. Students in the intervention group demonstrated enhanced confidence but no change in attitude after the training course, while students in the control group remained stable on all measures. The short time frame of the study, the training course itself, and the instruments used for monitoring attitudes toward aggression are possible reasons for these results. We tentatively conclude that it is possible to enhance nursing students' perceived confidence in managing patient aggression without changing their fundamental views of it.
Actualizing Scholarship in Senior Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Sevean Patricia A. , Poole Karen , Strickland D. Shane
Published: February 2020

Nursing scholarship is difficult to define and often equated with either research and publication in academia or academic achievement of students, but the definition has recently been broadened to include clinical scholarship. This article emphasizes the connections between the theory of nursing scholarship and its application to advanced clinical practice for senior baccalaureate nursing students. Strategies used to enhance students' ability to operationalize scholarship include reflective journals, development of an abstract and professional paper, and presentation of a paper or poster at the student-led Nursing Scholarship Forum. The Forum is evaluated as a learning activity that helps students actualize scholarship. The results of the evaluation indicate this type of scholarly activity enhances nursing students' transition into the professional practice role.
Quality of brown-shelled eggs marketed in different commercial establishments
Authors: Souza Thiago , Lopes Claudia da Costa , Vieira Rita Brito , Santos Gabriela Coelho , Silva Rodrigo Ferreira , Calixto Ediane Santos , Azevedo Jaine Alves
Published: February 2020

This study aimed at evaluating the internal and external quality of brown-shelled eggs commercialized in the municipality of Parintins-AM. A total of 540 eggs were evaluated and distributed in a completely randomized design, which consisted of three treatments and six replications of 30 eggs each. The treatments were: eggs sold in supermarkets; in grocery stores; and eggs sold directly at the farm. The age of the eggs from supermarkets and grocery stores was unknown, however, the eggs bought at the farm were marketed as being from the day of laying. The collected data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5% probability. There were no differences (p > 0.05) of treatments in the percentage of dirty eggs, however, grocery and farm eggs presented higher (p < 0.05) crack percentage. The eggs at the farm presented higher incidence (p < 0.05) of internal stains of blood. The weight of the egg and albumen presented no differences (p > 0.05). However, the albumen percentage of the farm eggs was higher than the other treatments (p < 0.05). The percentages for yolk and eggshell weight from the farm eggs were lower than the supermarket and grocery eggs (p < 0.05). For the variables albumen height, Haugh unit, albumen index, yolk and albumen pH, the best results were observed for the farm eggs, however, regarding these variables, eggs sold in supermarkets and grocery stores did not differ from each other.  The brown shell eggs sold in the city of Parintins/AM have high rates of external defects, and the eggs bought directly from the farm presented better internal quality, when compared to eggs sold in different establishments.
Effect of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) and soybean (Glycine max) oils in Egyptian lactating buffalo and cow diets on the milk and soft cheese quality
Authors: Hassan Laila Khaled , Shazly Ahmed Behdal , Kholif Abd El-Kader Mahmoud , Sayed Ahmed Farouk , El-Aziz Mahmoud Abd
Published: February 2020

Produce and compare soft cheese with potential benefits of human health from Egyptian buffalo's and cow's milk was studied. Eight Egyptian lactating buffalos and cows were fed a total mixed ration supplemented with either 0% oil (CD), 2% flaxseed oil (DFO), 2% soybean oil (DSO), or 2% of their mixture (1:1, DFSO) according to a double 4 x 4 Latin Square design. Milk yield was similar between buffalo's diets but was higher in cows fed a DFO, DSO or DFSO resulting in 11.15, 8.21% or 8.97% increases compared with the control diet, respectively. Milk composition was not significantly affected in both buffalos and cows fed diets. The DFO, DSO or DFSO displayed decreased short-chain fatty acids, especially DSO and DFSO (3.73 and 3.33%, respectively) when compared to CD for buffalo milk (6.32%). The DSO and DFSO were  more effective for increasing unsaturated fatty acids followed by the DFSO in buffalo's milk fat (42.31 and 41.90 %), whereas DFO and DFSO were more effective in cow's milk fat (39.67 and 39.84%), respectively. DFO, DSO or DFSO had no significant effect on the yield, composition and sensory properties of resultant soft cheese compared to the CD for both lactating cows and buffalos. During storage, a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids enhances protein proteolysis and antioxidant activity of soft cheese during storage compared to the CD especially for soft cheese produced from buffalo's milk.
An Improved Denoising of Medical Images Based on Hybrid Filter Approach and Assess Quality Metrics
Authors: Suneetha Mopidevi , Subbarao Mopidevi
Published: February 2020

Degradation of images and segmentation are the two most demanding fields for medical image processing, particularly when explicitly applied. The involvement of noise not only deteriorates the visual quality but also the precision of the segmentation which is vital to the medical diagnosis process of development. The complicated and monotonous main task is to manually denoise medical images such as CT, ultrasound and large numbers of clinical routine MRI images. The medical image must be denoised automatically. The proposed approach is associated with less complexity, this follows from the fact that, the design of system and time for optimization. Results show their efficacy for noise removal in medical ultrasound and MRI images .The final results of the proposed scheme in terms of noise reduction and structural preservation are excellent. However the proposed scheme is compared with existing methods and the performance of the proposed method in terms of visual quality, image quality index, peak SNR and PSNR is shown to be superior to existing methods.
Evaluation of Possible Isotopic Effects for Cavitational Carbon Nanoforms
Authors: Voropaev Sergey , Dushenko Nikita
Published: February 2020

Possible processes of the carbon isotopes fraction under hydrodynamic caviation at carbon-containing liquids are considered. We have made corresponding experiments with benzene, toluene and ethanol to provide carbon nanoforms with different crystal structures. Specific bonding forces for metals and n-diamond are modeled using developed numerical method. The task is to identify the key parameters affecting the pairs force potentials of carbon atoms and consider the application of the results to microelectronics and natural processes.
Solar Energy Converter into the Electric Energy Based on Perovskite
Authors: Kozyrev Evgeny Nikolaevich , Goncharov Igor Nikolaevich , Magkoev Tamerlan Taymurazovich , Askerov Rovan Olegovich , Pizhelauri Dmitry Zurabovich
Published: February 2020

The paper discusses the methods for the formation of solar-to-electrical converters on perovskites. The possibility of using inorganic semiconductors as a transport layer is shown. The solar energy converter is formed on the basis of the nanostructured porous anodic aluminum oxide.
Determination of Trace Elements in Liquid Media by the Impedance Method
Authors: Khastsaev Boris Dzambolatovich , Olisaeva Oksana Viktorovna , Ambalov Ruslan Borisovich , Techiev Vitaly Vitalyevich
Published: February 2020

The possibilities of the impedance method for the determination of microcomponents (microelements) in liquid media are considered. The method involves measuring the frequency characteristics of the active and reactive components of the impedance of a sample of liquid media in the range of measuring frequencies from 0.5 to 100 kHz and there by determines the trace elements in the medium. A variant of building a microprocessor impedance analyzer with improved characteristics for instrumentation support of the method under study is considered. Analyzed the features of the proposed analyzer.
Burns: Physiotherapy's challenge
Authors: Keays Susan
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
Table of Contents Vol 75, No 1 (2019)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
Capital Markets and Corporate Social Responsibility of New York Stock Exchange List Companies: Strategic Analysis of Brazil and China
Authors: Almeida de Andrade Norberto , Carlo Rainatto Giuliano , Santana Ricardo , Rodrigues da Silva Fernando , Fernando Bastos Wellington
Published: February 2020

The main objective of this study is to verify if the capital structure of Brazilian and Chinese companies that release the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) report, listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), are aligned with the Pecking Order and Tradeoff theories. 2012 to 2019. In order to achieve the research objectives, the identification of the Brazilian and Chinese NYSE-listed companies that publish the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) report was established; examine whether the capital structures of Brazilian and Chinese companies are underpinned by Tradeoff's theory; examine if the capital structures of Brazilian and Chinese companies are supported by the Pecking Order theory during the study period; verify if there is a difference in the capital structure between the companies that disclose and those that do not disclose CSR report in the GRI model, in Brazilian companies; to verify if there is a difference in the capital structure between the companies that disclose and those that do not disclose CSR report in the GRI model, in Chinese companies; analyze whether there is a difference in the capital structure of Brazilian and Chinese companies, which report on CSR.
An Evaluation of the Job Analysis Process in the Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Nafizur , Nower Nowshin
Published: February 2020

Banking sector of Bangladesh has been playing a pivotal role in the journey towards achieving sustainable development goal. To keep contributing to the economy it is necessary for the banks to hire and retain effective and efficient human resources. Thus, job analysis became an important strategic tool through which the banks can maintain an effective human resource management while influencing the overall performance of the bank. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the current job analysis process practiced in the private commercial banks of Bangladesh. The study used both primary and secondary data to assess the job analysis process. A total number of 223 private bank employees from 12 banks were surveyed. A structured questionnaire with 5 point Likert scale was used to collect information from the respondents. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentile, skewness, kurtosis and inferential statistical techniques such as, Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Structural Equation Modeling and Multiple regression analysis. Results show that factors such as, data collection process and employee involvement, data authenticity and proper documentation, and training job analyst and developing job analysis method are significantly related to the overall evaluation of job analysis in private commercial banks of Bangladesh. Thus, the study recommends that HR managers of the banks should focus more on developing effective job analysis method, data collection process, maintain data authenticity and training the job analysts for getting maximum benefit from job analysis.
Stress and Students Mindset
Authors: Moneva Jerald C. , Inting Ana Marie , Solon Eugenia M.
Published: February 2020

The purposes of the study were to investigate; firstly, the type of mindset did the students have either fixed or growth mindset; secondly, to examine the level of stress in relation to their academics; and thirdly, to know the relationship of mindset and students stress level. The data collected for this study has been gathered from all Senior High School students with a sample (n=245). The study used checklist-questionnaire composed of thirty five questions in examining students’ mindset, level of stress and its relationship. Results indicates that mindset of students doesn't have any relation to stress. Moreover, it has been found that most of the Senior High School students have growth mindset but neither of the two mindsets has to do with stress.
Investigação nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de funções polinomiais do 1° grau por meio do software GeoGebra
Authors: Silva Adriani Cilene , Vanini Lucas
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar o uso do software GeoGebra nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de funções polinomiais do 1° grau. A pesquisa de cunho qualitativo foi realizada em uma turma de 7º ano do ensino fundamental na rede pública de Tapejara/RS. Realizou-se uma aula sem o uso do software e logo em seguida com o uso do GeoGebra. Posteriormente à realização das atividades foi aplicado um questionário aos 30 alunos, utilizando-se uma amostra de quatro alunos como instrumento de pesquisa. A escolha dos quatros alunos para a análise se deu pelo fato de se tratar de uma pesquisa qualitativa, assim permitindo uma melhor análise e reflexão discursiva de cada resposta apresentada. Assim a coleta dos dados destes foram articulados e analisados. Mediante a análise dos questionários observou-se uma boa aceitação no uso do software GeoGebra na dinâmica no processo educacional em sala de aula. Dessa forma sugere-se o uso do GeoGebra como um recurso educacional que pode vir a contribuir nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem da matemática.
Desenvolvimento de material instrucional (folder) para Educação não formal da Paleontologia em um Museu de Ciências do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Alves Everton Fernando , Guizellini Vinícius Silva , Vidotti Ana Paula
Published: February 2020

O desenvolvimento de material instrucional impresso a ser disponibilizado no ambiente museológico não pode ser entendido fora do contexto da educação científica. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o processo de construção de um folder e suas principais características para a difusão do conhecimento paleontológico e ampliação do potencial de alfabetização científica do Museu Dinâmico Interdisciplinar da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (MUDI/UEM). Utilizou-se a pesquisa-ação como método de pesquisa, e essa foi desenvolvido em quatro etapas: escolha do conteúdo, com base nas necessidades do público-alvo; escolha de ilustrações; fotografias das principais amostras fósseis da coleção; e preparação do conteúdo, baseado na literatura científica. Acredita-se que, da forma como o folder foi desenvolvido, sua utilização como ferramenta de educação aumentará a conscientização acerca da importância da Paleontologia, sua ocorrência na região e o consequente geoturismo urbano.
Escola conveniada ou charter school? Uma abordagem sobre termo de colaboração entre a prefeitura e o terceiro setor para oferta da educação básica em Porto Alegre
Authors: Fávero Altair Alberto , Pires Daniela De Oliveira , Consaltér Evandro
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo analisa se as parcerias firmadas entre o Poder Público e o Terceiro Setor para a oferta de educação básica podem ser configuradas como modalidades de escola charter. Em particular, aborda Termo de Colaboração firmado entre a Prefeitura de Porto Alegre e uma Organização da Sociedade Civil. Além disso, analisa como o Marco Regulatório do Terceiro Setor pode servir de aporte para a perpetração do setor privado sobre o setor púbico na área da educação através de termos de colaboração entre o Poder Público o Terceiro Setor. O estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo, valendo-se de dados bibliográficos e documentais, ancorado no método dedutivo-analítico. Como resultados, aponta que as parcerias analisadas podem ser comparadas às escolas charter, embora a nomenclatura diferenciada. Além disso, representam uma concepção de educação que se afasta do ideário da gestão democrática, do exercício da cidadania e da emancipação social.
A concepção de passado de crianças no 5º ano
Authors: Pina Maria Cristina Dantas , Pereira Nallyne Celene Neves
Published: February 2020

O objetivo principal deste estudo foi a compreensão do conceito de passado em crianças que estudam no 5º ano, do ensino fundamental, a partir dos conhecimentos históricos que são trabalhados em sala de aula. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são crianças matriculadas no Centro de Educação Municipal Prof. Paulo Freire, localizado no município de Vitória da Conquista e três professoras que lecionam nas turmas do 5º Ano. A pesquisa se insere nas discussões da Educação Histórica, com o foco na aprendizagem histórica escolar, compreendendo que os conceitos históricos que são trabalhados nessa fase são importantes para sustentar a aprendizagem durante o percurso vivenciado na escola e nas próprias relações que serão estabelecidas por essa criança ao longo da vida cotidiana. Nesse sentido, nos aproximamos da perspectiva defendida por Hilary Cooper (2012), Lee (2003), Oliveira (2006) no tocante à compreensão das ideias históricas e temporalidade apresentadas pelas crianças nos anos iniciais de escolarização. Adotamos a pesquisa qualitativa como abordagem metodológica e a Análise de Conteúdos para o tratamento dos dados. Assim, buscamos por meio deste estudo adentrar nos significados sobre o passado e a história, construídos pelas crianças no espaço escolar, relacionando com o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da disciplina História. Verificamos que o passado elaborado por elas não as leva a desenvolver a empatia histórica, o que permitiria uma aprendizagem histórica mais significativa.
The impact of internal displacement on the refugee migration crisis
Authors: Brigido Eveline Vieira , Zibetti Fabiola Wust , Pilau Sobrinho Liton Lanes
Published: February 2020

This article aims to analyze the potential impact of forced internal displacement on international refugee migration, considering the relation between internal and international migration: Are today’s IDPs tomorrow’s refugees? It is likely that many refugees were forcibly displaced in their own countries before applying for asylum. Therefore, to develop this investigation, this article is divided into three sections. In the first section, it presents a general approach about internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees, including definitions and the bases of its protection under international law. Afterwards, it analyzes data on international migration and on internal displacement. At the end, these data are compared and possible link between internal and international forced migration is analyzed.
La disciplina que estudia las relaciones entre la lengua y la sociedad: sociolingüística
Authors: Mendoza Morán Francis
Published: February 2020

Este breve análisis expone una panorámica general sobre sociolingüística, destacando  su desarrollo histórico e importancia actual.  También resalta la función de algunas variables sociales en los estudios del lenguaje.
Investigating Leech’s Politeness Principle in Conversational Verses in Three Surahs from The Holy Quran
Authors: Jewad Hamid G. , Ghapanchi Z. , Ghazanfari M.
Published: February 2020

This study has investigated three Surahs from the Holy Quran, translated into English by Arberry (1955), in terms of the Politeness Principle proposed by Leech (1983). The study aimed to investigate the kinds of politeness maxims employed by the characters in the three Surahs in question. The intentions of the speakers in observing or flouting each of Leech’s politeness maxims have been categorized, including six maxims of the Politeness Principle: tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. The research had applied a mixed-methods approach in analyzing the obtained data. The data consisted of the utterances uttered by the characters in the three Surahs. After collecting the data, the data classified into six maxims of the Politeness Principle. Then, several conclusions had been drawn based on the research findings. The results of the study showed that the characters used six maxims: tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. Finally, the findings indicated that three maxims had been flouted by the characters: tact maxim, generosity maxim, and agreement maxim.
Caracterização geomorfométrica de uma feição erosiva principiada por nascente no Chapadão Diamante, Serra da Canastra (MG)
Authors: Silva Giliander Allan da
Published: February 2020

As nascentes, além de importante elemento de um sistema ambiental, também têm grande representatividade geomorfológica pelo papel que exerce enquanto agente transformador do relevo. Variadas formas ocorrem na transição da água subsuperficial ou subterrânea para a superfície, em que, características de elementos do meio físico e a ação humana interferem sobremaneira. Apropriando-se das geotecnologias e seus avanços, buscou-se mapear e caracterizar em escala de detalhe, uma feição erosiva, originada pela exfiltração de água intermitente, que dá origem a uma nascente do rio São Francisco, no Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, por meio de aerofotogrametria por RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems/Sistemas de Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada). O modelo gerado possibilitou executar diversos perfis topográficos com precisão centimétrica, além de quantificar o volume de material removido da feição. Além disso, foi averiguado que as exfiltrações nesta forma têm três princípios de escoamentos preferenciais. Já na desembocadura da feição, estes escoamentos assumem um só fluxo, responsável pelas vazões quantificadas, especialmente nas épocas úmidas, já que, nos meses mais secos (maio a julho) a nascente cessa a produção de água.
Estudo geomorfológico da folha topográfica Vargem Bonita - MG
Authors: Barcelos Anna Carolina
Published: February 2020

O estudo do relevo é de grande valor não só para a Geomorfologia, mas da mesma forma para outras Ciências da Terra que aliam seus estudos com os componentes da superfície terrestre. O emprego de estudos geomorfológicos se torna de grande valor para o planejamento físico-territorial, sendo aptos na geração de dados relacionados as formas de relevo e as características morfodinâmicas das regiões onde são desenvolvidos. Com isso, o estudo geomorfológico no contexto da Folha Topográfica Vargem Bonita localizada na região oeste de Minas Gerais, se justifica pela necessidade de caracterizar a compartimentação das unidades do relevo local, tal como a identificação, classificação e caracterização dos distintos padrões de formas nelas encontradas. O presente trabalho objetiva realizar a apresentação dos dados levantados em campo os quais se referem as formas de relevo e as características específicas de cada unidade, apresentando o esboço geomorfológico da área em questão.
Dry Anaerobic Digestion for Agricultural Waste Recycling
Authors: Riya Shohei , Meng Lingyu , Wang Yuexi , Gyu Lee Chol , Zhou Sheng , Toyota Koki , Hosomi Masaaki
Published: February 2020

For sustainable agriculture, it is important to manage agricultural wastes, such as crop residues and livestock wastes. Anaerobic digestion has been gathering the attention to recycle these wastes into renewable energy (biogas) and fertilizer (soil amendment) (digestate). Dry anaerobic digestion is defined as digestion at higher than 20% of total solid (TS) content in the reactor, which is suitable for wastes with high TS content, such as agricultural wastes. In this chapter, we reviewed recent advances in biogas production and use of digestate as soil amendment from dry anaerobic digestion of agricultural wastes. It has been found that ammonia concentration, feed/inoculum (F/I) ratio, and TS content are important parameters for operation of dry anaerobic digestion. Several operation technologies have been in operation, while new operation strategies have been developed. Application of solid digestate into the soil is beneficial to increase soil properties; however it should be carefully operated because it has risks of nitrate leaching and soil pathogens.
La década contestataria
Authors: Montesinos David P.
Published: February 2020

Con ocasión de un trascendente proceso electoral, Nicolás Sarkozy descargó sobre el Mayo Francés, y por tanto, sobre la izquierda liderada en aquel momento por Segolene Royal, la responsabilidad por los males de la sociedad contemporánea. Este debate, planteado igualmente en Norteamérica de manera cíclica por los Republicanos para desacreditar a los Demócratas, ha tenido ya sucesivos episodios. Hay otra imputación, no sólo a Mayo del 68, sino al conjunto de procesos de protesta y transformación que caracterizaron a toda la década de los sesenta en Occidente y en otras sociedades: la rebeldía que asociamos a esos años es en realidad la expresión de la necesidad de transformación de las empresas del nuevo capitalismo. Este artículo intenta cuestionar algunos supuestos e implicaciones de ese razonamiento. Pese a contener una parte de verdad, la teoría asimilacionista deja de lado la existencia de conflictos reales y la conquista de derechos fundamentales que transformaron para siempre el mapa moral y las relaciones sociales de miles de millones de personas en todo el mundo.
Design of an ecosystem to foster systemic eco-innovation
Authors: Battistoni Chiara , Barbero Silvia
Published: February 2020

The current global environmental situation, with its interconnected problems, requires holistic approaches to provide a cultural paradigm shift and a different economy to overcome the linear one. Systemic Design (SD) can represent a solution creating opportunities for eco- and system innovation, especially in the manufacturing sector, which will soon face a revolution in the production model. Thus, SD can help achieve environmental and economic sustainability at the local level. A multiple case study analysis on SD projects was developed to understand the significant eco-entrepreneurial opportunities that have emerged and the barriers for their implementation. Finally, an ecosystem is designed to foster systemic innovation based on helix innovation models and identify the facilitator for its creation, namely, the ‘local systemic network booster’.
Shapes and Sizes of Sella Turcica Using Computerized Tomography (CT) from Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Usman Z. , Zagga A. D. , Yunusa G. H. , Abubakar U. , Bello A. , Usman J. D. , Abdulhameed A. , Bello S. S. , Ahmad I. M. , Musa M. A. , Ammani T. , Marwan G. B. , Bello R. , Ahmed A. M. , Onimisi B. O. , Bunza H. A.
Published: February 2020

Cephalometry deals with measurement of body parts or radiological specimen. Sella turcica is an important anatomical structure located in the middle cranial fossa, housing the pituitary gland. Various shapes and sizes of the sellae turcica were reported. In this study, using computerized tomographic (CT) scans from a tertiary hospital, one hundred and seventy five (175) scans were analyzed using Radiant version 4.2 (Medixant 2017) for determination of sizes and shapes of the sella. Average dimensions from the study include: Length (12.4 mm), A-P diameter (14.1 mm), depth (9.6 mm) and transverse diameter (13.8 mm). Shapes were classified as being round (56.6%), oval (32%) and flat (11.4%). In another classification of shape variation, the findings are: Normal (68.6%), anterior oblique (9.1%), pyramidal (6.9%), double contour floor (5.7%), notching on the posterior wall (5.1%) and sella bridge (4.6%). Males tend to have higher sella sizes than females and there is statistical significant difference between them especially in respect to A-P diameter and length parameters. However, there is no sex predilection to shapes.
Golden Rice to Eradicate the Vitamin A Deficiency in the Developing Countries
Authors: Shahbaz Umar , Yu Xiao-Bin , Akhtar Wasim , Ndagijimana Regis , Rauf Husnain
Published: February 2020

The development of Golden Rice recently has taken longer than foreseen. Vitamin deficiency is a major medical issue that influences millions of people worldwide. UN Cartagena protocol for biosafety delayed particularly by deferring the determination of phenotypes developed in the open field. In this way, Golden Rice has not possessed the capacity to help with combatting vitamin an insufficiency as golden rice demonstrates fighting hidden hunger, as rice is the dominant crop in most of the Asian countries also staple food so people mostly rely on rice as energy source. Iron, zinc and vitamin A dearth are more dominant in rice consuming countries its named hidden hunger and it affects two billion people worldwide. VAD affect 190 million children and 19 million pregnant women worldwide, 100 grams of uncooked Golden Rice are able to supply up to 57 percent of the estimated average requirement (EAR) for vitamin A of pre-school children and from 38-47 percent of the EAR for pregnant and lactating women so far so good Golden rice passed rigorous biosafety assessment in Philippine. To get a working pro-vitamin A (beta-carotene) biosynthetic pathway in rice endosperm, we presented in a solitary, joined change exertion the cDNA coding for phytoene synthase (psy) and lycopene b-cyclase (b-lcy) both from Narcissus pseudonarcissus and both under the control of the endosperm-particular glutelin promoter together with a bacterial phytoene desaturase (crtI, from Erwinia uredovora under constitutive 35S promoter control). This blend covers the necessities for beta-carotene union and, as trusted, yellow beta-carotene-bearing rice endosperm was acquired in the T0-age.
Cubic Transmuted Gompertz Distribution: As a Life Time Distribution
Authors: Ogunde A. A. , Olayode Fatoki , Adejumoke Audu
Published: February 2020

In this work, we proposed and studied the Cubic Transmuted Gompertz (CTG) distribution using the Cubic Transmuted family of distributions which was introduced by Rahman et al. [8] and based on cubic transmutation map. We studied the statistical properties of the new distribution which includes: rth moment, moment generating function order statistics, mean, variance, Renyl entropy. The CTG distribution was fitted to a real data set to demonstrate its flexibility and tractability in modelling real life data.
IMPLEMENTASI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DI HOTEL DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP CITRA MEREK DAN KESETIAAN PELANGGAN
Authors: Livia Astrid , Gladys Gladys , Wijaya Serli
Published: February 2020

Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, tuntutan bahwa kehadiran entitas bisnis tidak hanya untuk mengejar keuntungan semata namun harus dapat berdampak positif bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat lokal menjadi semakin tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa apakah CSR yang dilakukan sebuah hotel berpengaruh terhadap citra merek dan kesetiaan pelanggannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif kausal dengan melaksanakan survei lapangan berbasis kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 200 responden yang pernah menginap di salah satu dari properti Pop! Hotels di Indonesia. Menggunakan teknik analisa statistik Partial Least Square (PLS), hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSR berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap citra merek dan kesetiaan pelanggan. Selain itu, citra pelanggan terhadap merek hotel terbukti menjadi  mediator bagi pengaruh tidak langsung CSR terhadap kesetiaan pelanggan
Robert Boyle: a Freudian perspective on an eminent scientist
Authors: KAHR BRETT
Published: July 2002

On 31 May 1936 Professor Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, wrote a letter
to the Austrian littérateur Arnold Zweig, warning him about the dangers of undertaking
biographical research. Freud intoned that ‘anyone turning biographer commits himself to
lies, to concealment, to hypocrisy, to flattery, and even to hiding his own lack of
understanding, for biographical truth is not to be had, and even if it were it couldn't be
used’.

As a psychoanalyst, Freud knew only too well how readily each individual person
employs the ubiquitous mechanisms of defence such as repression, projection, splitting and
idealization, all of which operate to conceal our deepest, innermost affective states; and he
questioned therefore how accurately someone could write a life history. Freud harboured
other anxieties about the craft of biography. In his classic monograph on Leonardo da
Vinci, published in 1910, the great Viennese analyst not only lamented ‘the uncertainty and
fragmentary nature of the material relating to him which tradition makes available’, but
also questioned the very enterprise of psychologically informed biographical work itself.
FINITELY GENERATED COTORSION MODULES
Authors: Enochs Edgar E. , García Rozas J. R. , Oyonarte Luis
Published: July 2002

We describe the structure of finitely generated cotorsion modules over commutative noetherian rings. Also we characterize the so-called covering morphisms between finitely generated modules over these rings.

AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 16D10. Secondary 13C11
DUALITY FOR SOME LARGE SPACES OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS
Authors: Jarchow H. , Montesinos V. , Wirths K. J. , Xiao J.
Published: July 2002

We characterize the duals and biduals of the $L^p$-analogues $\mathcal{N}_\alpha^p$ of the standard Nevanlinna classes $\mathcal{N}_\alpha$, $\alpha\ge-1$ and $1\le p\lt \infty$. We adopt the convention to take $\mathcal{N}_{-1}^p$ to be the classical Smirnov class $\mathcal{N}^+$ for $p=1$, and the Hardy–Orlicz space $LH^p$ $(=(\text{Log}^+H)^p)$ for $1\lt p\lt\infty$. Our results generalize and unify earlier characterizations obtained by Eoff for $\alpha=0$ and $\alpha=-1$, and by Yanigahara for the Smirnov class.

Each $\mathcal{N}_\alpha^p$ is a complete metrizable topological vector space (in fact, even an algebra); it fails to be locally bounded and locally convex but admits a separating dual. Its bidual will be identified with a specific nuclear power series space of finite type; this turns out to be the ‘Fréchet envelope’ of $\mathcal{N}_\alpha^p$ as well.

The generating sequence of this power series space is of the form $(n^\theta)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ for some $0\lt\theta\lt1$. For example, the $\theta$s in the interval $(\smfr12,1)$ correspond in a bijective fashion to the Nevanlinna classes $\mathcal{N}_\alpha$, $\alpha\gt-1$, whereas the $\theta$s in the interval $(0,\smfr12)$ correspond bijectively to the Hardy–Orlicz spaces $LH^p$, $1\lt p\lt \infty$. By the work of Yanagihara, $\theta=\smfr12$ corresponds to $\mathcal{N}^+$.

As in the work by Yanagihara, we derive our results from characterizations of coefficient multipliers from $\mathcal{N}_\alpha^p$ into various smaller classical spaces of analytic functions on $\Delta$.

AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 46E10; 46A11; 47B38. Secondary 30D55; 46A45; 46E15\vskip-3pt
TAH VILLAGE PROJECT IN SYRIA: ANOTHER UNSUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT TO INTRODUCE LEY-FARMING IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN
Authors: CHRISTIANSEN S. , BOUNEJMATE M. , SAWMY-EDO H. , MAWLAWI B. , SHOMO F. , COCKS P. S. , NORDBLOM T. L.
Published: July 2002

A participatory on-farm research project was started at Tah village, 100 km south of Aleppo, Syria in 1984. The objective was to introduce annual medics (Medicago spp.) as a replacement for fallow in dryland wheat (Triticum durum)/fallow farming systems. About 50 farmers were directly involved in the project while an equal number were passive participants, receiving seed but no technical advice. The project did not attain its original intention of introducing a ley-farming system into Syria. The Syrian Government decided to eliminate fallow – which was to receive medics – in the agricultural planning for 1989–90. An array of profitable crops such as lentil (Lens culinaris), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), sesame (Sesamum indicum) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), together with price supports on wheat presented formidable economic competition to the use of pasture on cultivated land. Technical constraints include insufficient farm size, lack of a medic phase in every year, deep ploughing, overgrazing and uncontrolled grazing. The Tah project experience also suggests that feed production projects must include an assessment of how the feed benefits animals and be designed to demonstrate the economic advantages of integrating livestock and crops in dryland farming systems.
GAS EXCHANGE, GROWTH, YIELD AND BEVERAGE QUALITY OF COFFEA ARABICA CULTIVARS GRAFTED ON TO C. CANEPHORA AND C. CONGENSIS
Authors: FAHL J. I. , CARELLI M. L. C. , MENEZES H. C. , GALLO P. B. , TRIVELIN P. C. O.
Published: July 2002

Gas exchange, leaf carbon isotope discrimination, growth, yield and beverage quality were evaluated for two Coffea arabica cultivars (Catuai and Mundo Novo), grafted on to C. canephora and C. congensis progenies growing in open fields. During the years 1994 to 1997, grafting resulted in an average increase in bean yield of 151 and 89% for Catuai and Mundo Novo respectively. As analysed by sensory analyses and by the ratio between the mono-isomers and di-isomers of caffeoylquinic acid, beverage quality of the C. arabica was not altered by grafting. Shoot growth was significantly greater in grafted plants, showing an increase of 52% in total leaf area compared with the non-grafted plants. Under conditions of water excess in the soil there was little difference in the transpiration and stomatal conductance rates between the grafted and non-grafted plants, but the net photosynthesis was higher in grafted plants. With an accentuated water deficit in the soil in the dry period, the grafted plants showed significantly higher transpiration and stomatal conductance rates than the non-grafted plants, and similar values to those of C. canephora. Carbon isotope discrimination was greater in the grafted plants, suggesting greater root hydraulic conductance. The results suggest that the better performance of the grafted plants during the dry period was due to the greater capacity of the root system of C. canephora to provide water to the shoot thereby maintaining greater gas exchange in the leaves and consequently a greater carbon gain.
A note on the theory of artificial selection in finite
populations and application to QTL detection by bulk
segregant analysis
Authors: HILL WILLIAM G.
Published: July 2002

Formulae are given for computing the distribution of numbers of

selected individuals of each
genotype and thus change in gene frequency at a locus with a large
effect on a quantitative trait
under truncation selection in a finite population. Results are
illustrated with respect to use of
selection for quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection, specifically
by bulk segregant analysis with
linked markers, for which probabilities that selected samples will comprise

almost all one genotypic class are computed.
THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR AND ITS ANTECEDENTS: A SURVEY OF RECENT

LITERATURE
Authors: STOREY MARGARET M.
Published: July 2002

Lincoln and his party in the secession crisis. By David M.
Potter.

Baton Rouge: Louisiana

State University Press [reissue], 1996. Pp. vii+408. £15.95.

Slavery, capitalism, and politics in the antebellum republic.

Volume I: Commerce and compromise,

1820–1850. By John Ashworth. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press,

1996. Pp. vii+520. £40.00.

In the master's eye. Representations of women, blacks, and
poor

whites in antebellum southern

literature. By Susan J. Tracy. Amherst: University of Massachusetts

Press, 1996. Pp. vii+307. £40.00.

April '65. Confederate covert action in the American Civil
War.

By William A. Tidwell. Kent,

Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1995. Pp. vii+264. $30.00.

The Union, the Confederacy, and the Atlantic rim. By R. E.

May, ed. West Lafayette,

Indiana: Purdue University Press, 1995. Pp. ix+169. £11.95.