bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Learning Tools Through Question Student Have (QSH) Method in Tarikh Education to Improve Students’ Self-Confidence
Authors: Raniya Pudyas Tataquna , Susanto Shobri Firman , Arqam Mhd Lailan , Perawironegoro Djamaluddin
Published: February 2025

This study aims to improve students' active learning activities through the application of the question student have method that has been developed in learning tarikh at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Gamping. This method is designed to train students in the ability to ask questions, so that they are not only passive listeners, but also active in reading, writing, and discussing. This study used the research and development method with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results showed that the application of the QSH method can increase students' self-confidence and motivation, with 89% of respondents assessing the products produced as “Very Good” quality and the influence on the self-confidence variable through the pretest post-test which showed 65,64 increased to 89,18. These findings are expected to make a positive contribution to the development of more interactive and effective learning methods in Islamic education.
Tracheostomy in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: frequency, clinical features, comorbidity and outcomes
Authors:   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Nikitina D.N. , Soldatskiy Yu.L. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Kruglyakov A.Yu. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Ovsyannikov D.Yu. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia,   Patrice Émery Lumumba People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

Some patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) whose status requires long-term mechanical ventilation (MV), undergo tracheostomy (TS), however, the characteristics of such patients are not presented in domestic studies as yet. The purpose of this research was to calculate the frequency of TS in children with BPD, to assess the clinical features of such patients’ status, the comorbidity and the outcomes in these patients. Materials and methods used: 73 children in their first year of life - aged 2.0 [1.0; 5.0] months old, 45 (62%) boys/28 (38%) girls, with diagnosed BPD participated in a single-center cohort retrospective study and were divided into two groups (with BPD and TS; 14, and with BPD but without TS; 59), who were admitted at the Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital (Moscow, Russia) in 2020-2023. The demographic characteristics of patients, their comorbidity and mortality as well as the reasons for TS were assessed. Results: the frequency of TS in infants with BPD was 4.3% [95% CI 2.4%; 7.2%]. In the structure of infant patients with TS, children with BPD accounted for 18.7% [95% CI 10.6%; 29.3%]. In 14 children with BPD, TS was performed at median age of 3.5 [2.0; 6.0] months old with an average age of 4.4±2.7 months old. These patients had severe comorbidities, such as: perinatal CNS damage (all of them), congenital heart defects (6), Edwards syndrome (2), Down syndrome (2) and CHARGE syndrome (2). Patients with BPD and TS, compared with patients with BPD but without TS, had statistically significantly greater gestational age (p=0.005) and birth weight (p=0.046), rather frequently needed the MV (p=0.007) and ware assigned with the palliative patient status (p<0.001). Of the 8 children with BPD with TS with known follow-up, 5 (63%) had died. Conclusion: the need for TS and long-term MV in children with BPD is determined by severe comorbidity.
Role of innate factors of fetal immunity and maternal microbiome and infections in the formation of perinatal pathology of newborns
Authors:   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Rumyantsev A.G. ,   Medical School for Maternity and Childhood with the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia,   Journal "PEDIATRIA. Journal named after G.N. Speransky," Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

Development of molecular genetics and cellular immunology has fundamentally changed the understanding of the relationship between mother and child during pregnancy. For a successful pregnancy, it is necessary for the mother's immune system to recognize and accept the semi-allogeneic fetus, ensuring effective penetration of fetal trophoblasts into the uterine body and protecting the fetus from external pathogens and the mother's microbiota. This is achieved through the exchange of immune and hematopoietic stem cells of the mother and the child with the formation of a cellular chimera called feto-maternal microchimerism as well as vice versa, the formation of the innate immunity of the fetus, ensuring its tolerance to the microbiota and chronic infections of the mother. Innate immunity and hematopoiesis are formed from the cells of the yolk sac mesoderm and extraembryonic mesenchymal tissue due to granule-macrophage-like precursors and pluripotent erythroid cells. During the first trimester of pregnancy and prior to the formation of the thymus and bone marrow hematopoiesis and, therefore, the implementation of the adaptive immune response, the fetus has a formed innate immune defense and cellular control over the biology of its own development represented by neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and the five types of innate lymphoid cells. Innate immune cells are activated by molecular pattern molecules mediated by pattern recognition receptors which provides rapid protection against microbiota pathogens and chronic infections and helps get rid of dying and/or damaged innate cells. Analysis of the interaction between the microbiome, acute and chronic maternal infections, development and functioning of innate lymphoid cells in the fetal and neonatal period is of a great clinical importance aiming at detailing the pathogenesis and developing pathogenetically based therapy, prevention and treatment of eclampsia, pregnancy complications, such as premature birth and other problems associated with placental abruption, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumonia and sepsis in premature and newborn infants. Author presents an analysis of the recent data on the role of innate immunity in terms of evidence-based links with perinatal disorders in newborns and proposals for planning of further scientific research in this important area.
Modern diagnostic features of ultrasound in diabetic polyneuropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. A bibliographical review
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Fomina S.V. , Samoylova Yu.G. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Zavadovskaya V.D. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Kudlay D.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,   National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Moscow, Russia, Koshmeleva M.V. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Kachanov D.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Trifonova Ye.I. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Zorkaltsev M.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Yun V.E. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia
Published: February 2025

Recent technological advantages of ultrasound sonography (USG) have made it possible to visualize peripheral nerves over a large area in real time with high resolution and with the ability to assess the structure and the degree of vascularization, to measure the size and the stiffness of the nerves in the studying area. The spreading of the use of visual ultrasound assessment of peripheral nerves in the diagnosis of tunnel neuropathies, traumatic injuries and hereditary polyneuropathies creates prerequisites for studying the possibilities of diagnosing diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). This bibliographical review represents the results of ultrasonic diagnostics of DPN by researchers from all-over the World. There are a lot of reports with positive experience in registration of an increase in peripheral nerves and their stiffness in patients with DPN. Further development of the USG techniques aimed at the DPN signs assessment would improve the disease prognoses coupled with an undoubtedly positive effect on the patients’ quality-of-life.
Accuracy of noninvasive screening exercise tests for detecting coronary artery disease in symptomatic patients with mitral valve prolapse: a systematic review
Authors: Sonaglioni Andrea , Nicolosi Gian Luigi , Bruno Antonino , Lombardo Michele
Published: February 2025

Background

Since the 1970s, only a few studies have evaluated the accuracy of noninvasive screening exercise tests for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) in symptomatic individuals with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). The present systematic review has been designed to summarize the main findings of these studies and to assess the overall pooled estimates of sensivity and specificity of exercise ECG, exercise myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) and exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) in diagnosing CAD among MVP individuals.

Methods

All studies examining the specificity and sensitivity of exercise ECG and/or exercise MPS and/or ESE in detecting obstructive CAD in symptomatic MVP patients, selected from PubMed and EMBASE databases, were included. There was no limitation of time period. The risk of bias was assessed by using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.

Results

The full texts of 11 studies with 840 MVP individuals were analyzed. True obstructive CAD was documented in 11.1% of MVP individuals (range 0–31.2%). When used in MVP patients with suspected CAD, exercise ECG, exercise MPS and ESE showed a pooled specificity of 61.9% (range 25–91.7%), 82.3% (range 25–100%) and 89% (range 80.5–97.6%), respectively, and a pooled sensitivity of 80% (range 50–100%), 96.7% (range 90–100%) and 91% (range 82–100%), respectively. The pooled positive predictive value was 33.2% (range 23.1–44.8%) for exercise ECG, 100% for exercise MPS and 80.2% (range 75.8–84.6%) for ESE, whereas the pooled negative predictive value was 80% (range 50–100%) for exercise ECG, 97% for exercise MPS and 99% (range 97.6–100%) for ESE.

Conclusion

ESE appears to be the first-choice screening method for CAD detection in symptomatic MVP individuals. It allows true CAD in symptomatic MVP individuals with false-positive exercise ECG results to be ruled out, without ionizing radiation exposure.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation vs. surgery for failed bioprosthesis: a meta-analysis of over 20 000 patients
Authors: Comentale Giuseppe , Ahmadi-Hadad Armia , Moldon Harvey James , Carbone Andreina , Manzo Rachele , Franzone Anna , Piccolo Raffaele , Bossone Eduardo , Esposito Giovanni , Pilato Emanuele
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation (ViV-TAVI) has gained popularity as a less invasive alternative to a redo surgical aortic valve replacement (redo-SAVR); which one is the preferred technique in these cases, however, remains a topic of debate, as the available data refer to retrospective studies with few patients or limited follow-up. The present metanalysis aimed to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of the two techniques in the setting of a failed surgical bioprosthesis.

Methods

PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched on 10 November 2023 yielding 355 results (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023490612), of which 27 were suitable for meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were short-term and long-term all-causes and cardiovascular mortality. Logarithmic risk ratio (Log RR) and mean difference were used for categorical and continuous data, respectively.

Results

Both redo-SAVR and ViV-TAVI exhibited similar procedural and short-term mortality. However, ViV-TAVI demonstrated lower 1-year mortality [RR: 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.57–0.96), P = 0.02], acute kidney injury (RR: 0.47, P < 0.001), bleeding (RR: 0.44, P < 0.001), stroke (RR: 0.70, P < 0.05), and new pacemaker implantation (RR: 0.69, P < 0.05). Conversely, redo-SAVR demonstrated more favorable mean postoperative aortic valve gradients [mean difference 2.59, 95% CI (0.86–4.31), P < 0.01].

Conclusion

Short-term mortality was similar between the groups, but ViV-TAVI showed better survival at 1 year as well as reduced rates of acute kidney injury, bleeding, stroke, and pacemaker implantation. However, redo-SAVR leads to a better hemodynamic profile. Even if collected data come from retrospective studies, the present results could help to guide the choice of the best approach case-by-case according to the patient's clinical profile.
Multiparty trust levels in evidence management: Ensuring tamper-proof chain of custody in blockchain.
Authors: Santos Nuno , Curado Joel , C. Ferreira Joao
Published: February 2025

International Criminal Courts (ICCs) are guarantors that justice can be achieved for the most egregious crimes against humanity and that surviving victims of those crimes can live with the assurance that the perpetrators will be held accountable for their actions. Those crimes are complex, sensitive and could be used as a weapon for an intervenient’ s own purpose and interests. As such, the credibility of these institutions is often attacked, and it is of critical importance that the process in which they pursue their mandate is rigorous and effective. Evidence sits at the core of the judicial process, and the participants rely on it to be authentic, integer and untampered with to ensure the fairness of the proceedings. Without enforcing powers, these ICCs could rely extensively on evidence provided by other parties to build a strong case from inception to the appeals stage. With the increased digitization of evidence, cyberthreats, size and complexity of evidence, traditional methods of managing the chain of custody are becoming vulnerable to the successful act of challenging the admissibility of evidence. Blockchain could be the answer for strengthening the chain of custody in evidence management, as this technology brings essential characteristics such as timestamping, authentication, immutability and trust among independent parties. This research conceives and designs a blockchainbased framework that maintains a tamperproof chain of custody and multilevel trust in evidence management. It ensures the authenticity and indisputability of evidence in judicial proceedings.
Blockchain and IoT in Smart Agriculture: Analysis, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Research Directions
Authors: MARZOUGUI Fatma , ELLEUCH Mohamed , KHERALLAH Monji
Published: February 2025

Agricultural trends indicate a shift towards smart farming and the effective use of modern technologies and machine learning to manage time and resources while reducing crop losses and saving time and resources. These emerging technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain (BC), play an effective role in precision agriculture applications. They have made it possible to provide reliable services to guarantee and improve agricultural productivity. The entire agricultural system is improved through real-time monitoring of fields, soil fertility, irrigation techniques, temperature and humidity control, weather monitoring, detection of crop diseases, monitoring of agricultural products, etc. This article aims to present a literature review to examine the issues and challenges related to the blockchain approach associated with IoT applications. It also highlights key ways in which the blockchain approach can support the improvement of IoT systems. Additionally, it examines existing blockchain applications and platforms to provide a comprehensive summary of how the blockchain approach cooperates with the IoT paradigm.
Decentralization and Federated Approach for Personal Data Protection and Privacy Control
Authors: Singh Suyogita , Verma Satya Bhushan , Gupta Bineet Kumar , Agrawal Anamika
Published: February 2025

As the digital ecosystem evolves, personal data protection and privacy control have become paramount concerns. Traditional centralized approaches to data management and privacy often pose risks to individuals’ data security and privacy. This research paper explores the potential of decentralization and federated approaches as innovative solutions for enhancing personal data protection and privacy control. By distributing data across multiple entities and empowering individuals with control over their data, decentralized and federated models offer increased security, privacy, and data autonomy. This paper investigates the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of decentralized and federated approaches in personal data protection and privacy control.
Teaching Reading for Professional Purposes
Authors:   MGIMO University, Kravtsova O.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses a complex approach to teaching reading for professional purposes and suggests a system of tasks aimed at perfecting the required skills, based on this approach. Reading is an intricate cognitive process, which embraces reading comprehension and critical reading, each of which, in turn, is a com­bination of skills and strategies. Comprehension, apart from skills, pivots on a number of psychological, cognitive, and linguistic factors, which were taken into account by the course designers. The learning tasks aim to perfect the skills of ‘top-to-bottom’ information processing, i.e. from the main ideas to sec­ondary ideas, to phrases and separate words. Critical reading is a profession-relevant skill for those working in international relations. The tasks in the Reading section are specifically designed to develop students’ skills at analyzing, interpreting and evaluating information, namely identifying the author’s purpose, objectivity or bias, the logic of reasoning, etc. Three years of employing this system of tasks proved the effectiveness of this ap­proach to teaching reading for professional purposes.
Methods of Teaching English Phrasal Verbs to Junior Students of Non-Linguistic Universities
Authors:   MGIMO University, Pchelkina M.
Published: February 2025

The study is devoted to the analysis of various approaches to teaching phrasal verbs (PV) in the English language. The purpose of the study is to consider various methods of teaching phrasal verbs of the English language in junior courses at a non-linguis­tic university. The research method is a comparative analysis of methodological and educational literature. The result of the study is to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the main approaches to teaching phrasal verbs and consider the most effective approaches that can be used in junior courses at a non-linguistic university. The lexical approach to teaching PV, used in most teaching aids in non-linguistic universities, seems to be the least effective given a limited number of classroom hours. The report also provides examples of grammar exercises that deepen understanding of the teaching concepts covered.
Prevalence of Services Provided by the Mobile Emergency Care Service in the City of Paraiso do Tocantins-TO
Authors: Brito Andreia Kassia Lemos de , Holanda Franciscode Sousa , Coelho Lukas Oliveira , Almeida Márcio Araújo de , Paiva Maykon Jhuly Martins de , Lima Pedro Lucas Enomoto , Diogo Renata Ferreira , Nunes Rodrigo Disconzi , Herrera Sávia Denise Silva Carlotto , Souza Thiago Santos
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study analyzes the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) in Paraíso do Tocantins, identifying occurrence patterns, victim profiles, response times, and geographical distribution of services. The objective is to understand emergency demand dynamics, optimize resources, improve triage and team allocation, and provide insights for enhancing public policies in emergency care.
 
Method: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study based on the analysis of service records collected between May and September 2024. Data were extracted from the incident management system, organized in spreadsheets, and statistically analyzed to identify patterns and trends. Variables considered include the type of incident, victim profiles, response time, and geographical distribution.
 
Results and Discussion: Findings indicate a predominance of clinical and psychiatric cases, over 90% efficiency in response time, and a concentration of services in specific areas. The discussion highlights the necessary infrastructure improvements for better triage and real-time monitoring, along with potential enhancements in case management.
 
Research Implications: The study emphasizes the need for resource optimization, particularly during highdemand months, and the importance of preventive actions targeting adult men and the elderly. It also highlights the need for logistical strategies in regions with a higher number of emergency calls.
Originality/Value: This study provides an updated analysis of SAMU emergency services, reinforcing the importance of public policies to improve infrastructure and service efficiency.
Media and Knowledge in the Third Sector: a Framework for Consolidating Social Initiatives
Authors: Pinto Larissa Gaspar Coelho , Baldessar Maria José
Published: February 2025

Objective: The article explores how Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) can use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to enhance communication strategies and resource management, strengthening financial sustainability. Additionally, it proposes a media lab-inspired framework for innovation in the Third Sector.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is based on the historical and conceptual evolution of CSOs and media labs. CSOs operate in response to limitations of the State and private market, facing challenges in fundraising and governance. Media labs, in turn, are spaces for technological experimentation and collaborative innovation.
 
Method: A qualitative approach includes a literature review and secondary data analysis from research on CSOs and media labs. The analysis considers technological infrastructure, capacity building, and stakeholder engagement.
 
Results and Discussion: Findings indicate that CSOs still face challenges in resource management and communication with investors. Adopting media lab practices can enhance their innovation, fundraising, and social impact.
 
Research Implications: The study suggests investments in digital infrastructure and training, highlighting the importance of collaboration between CSOs, the State, and the market to strengthen the Third Sector.
 
Originality/Value: This study proposes an innovative framework by integrating CSOs and media labs, expanding the understanding of digital transformation and financial sustainability in the Third Sector.
Digital Banking, Digital Culture, Organizational Learning, Innovation, and Employee Performance
Authors: Mega Mahayani  , Gede Sri Darma
Published: February 2025

This study explored the impact of digital disruption practices, particularly in the private banking sector (BPR), on employee performance. 124 BPR employees participated, with data collected through a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The data were analysed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) methodology. The findings revealed that nine out of ten tested hypotheses showed a positive and significant effect. However, the effect of Organizational Learning on Employee Performance, while positive, was not statistically significant. These results suggest that the digital transformation of the banking sector, particularly within BPR, should be implemented promptly as it offers long-term benefits. Additionally, such digitalisation efforts are expected to contribute significantly to financial inclusion and the development of the broader economic sector.
Micrasterias crux-melitensis Ehrenberg var. multispinosa W.W.A.Kow. var. nov. and Xanthidium fasciculatum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs var. burchardtii W.W.A.Kow. var. nov. – new taxa for the desmidia flora from wetland ecosystems of Western Pomerania, Poland
Authors: Kowalski Wojciech W. A.
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the characteristics and description along with the original drawings of two taxa of the order Desmidiales (Chlorophyceae) that have not been recorded in the world so far. They belong to the species Micrasterias crux-melitensis Ehrenberg ex Ralfs and the species Xanthidium fasciculatum Ehrenberg. The found specimens are characterised by different morphological features, which have not been recorded in the descriptions of forms and typical varieties representing these genera in the world flora. Single cells of those varieties were present in the materials collected during fieldwork carried out as part of the reconnaissance and registration of phycoflora habitats of moss bog ecosystems in Western Pomerania.
Actinotaenium globosum (Bulnh.) Först. ex Comp. (=Cosmarium globosum Bulnh.) and Staurastrum avicula Bréb. in the plankton of the Wigry Lake. Materials for phycoflora of the Wigry National Park
Authors: Kowalski Wojciech W. A. , Szymańska Hanna
Published: February 2025

The paper presents information on the occurrence of mesotrophic taxa of the order Desmidiales in the Wigry Lake (north-eastern Poland). The morphology of the cells and the photographic and drawing documentation made it possible to classify them into three taxonomic units, which are: Actinotaenium globosum (Bulnh.) Först. ex Comp., Staurastrum avicula Bréb. var. avicula Ralfs and S. avicula Bréb. var. exornatum Messik. – the last variety has not yet been recorded in the phycoflora of Polish. The size of the cells and the submicroscopic ornamentation of their walls as well as the features of the shape of the internal organisation of the protoplast are consistent with the data. The identified taxa occur in large numbers in the plankton of the bay and waters of the Wigry Lake.
TRADITIONAL STEREOTYPES OF SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UKRAINIAN OUTLOOK
Authors: Tymkova Valentina , Мanzhos Elvira
Published: February 2025

У статті розкрито зміст та сутність поняття “мовленнєвий етикет”, його основні характеристики, зв’язок з поняттям ввічливості, культурно-національною специфікою і параметрами дискурсної варіативності, що визначають процес мовленнєвої взаємодії між комунікантами.
Зазначено, що український мовленнєвий етикет – явище прогресивне й суто національне, бо належить рідній (материнській) мові та відображає національний характер українця, його ментальність – склад розуму, самобутній спосіб мислення та світосприймання. Це категорія загалом стала. Однак прогрес суспільства вносить у нього, відповідно до конкретних практичних потреб, певні корективи, спрямовані на подальше вдосконалення й розвиток. Скажімо, поява радіо, телевізора й телефону зумовила потребу у відповідному для них етикеті спілкування. І все ж основа мовленнєвого етикету незмінна – утвердження коректності й доброзичливих стосунків між людьми.
Зауважено, що український мовленнєвий етикет передбачає властиві українцям національно-специфічні правила мовленнєвої поведінки, утілені в системі стійких формул і виразів для прийнятих і запропонованих суспільством ситуацій чемного контакту зі співбесідником. До таких ситуацій належать: звертання до співрозмовника та привернення його уваги, вітання, знайомство, вдячність, пробачення, прощання тощо.
У висновках зазначено, що важливо добре засвоїти чинники, які впливають на вибір словесної формули в конкретній комунікативній ситуації: фактор адресата (його вік, стать тощо), комунікативні умови (місце, час, тривалість спілкування), характер взаємин між співрозмовниками тощо.
The STEM advantage : career planning and internship strategies for science, technology, engineering and mathematics postgraduate students
Authors: Archer Ben
Published: February 2025

Drawing from the teaching and learning materials for the JCU Career Planning and Postgraduate Internship units, this eBook will guide students from the classroom to the workplace, providing practical steps to help make a career plan and take advantage of their internship experience.
The Interface Between Religion and Politics: The Case of The Muslim Students Association of South Africa
Authors: Dangor Suleman
Published: February 2025

The interface between religion and politics continues to elicit debate and discussion in academic circles. Though some social scientists predicted that religion would eventually become obsolete and was marginalised in many regions of the world following the secularisation of State and society, it not only survived but began manifesting itself in diverse forms. In Islam, politics is not viewed as falling outside the purview of religion. This article demonstrates that the Muslim Students Association’s opposition to injustice, oppression and discrimination, as epitomised in the policies of the apartheid government, was influenced by the political ideology of the Islamic Movement.
Muslim Media Use, the Production of Islamic Gender Norms, and Media Stars in Ghana
Authors: Issaka-Toure Fulera
Published: February 2025

This article speaks to two issues on media personalities. I call media voices with reference to the production of Islamic norms about gender on the one hand and the emergence of media stars/celebrities on the other. This is in connection with their mediation on issues at both the community level as well as on the national level, either on behalf of Islam or Muslims in Ghana.  The data is drawn from audio and visual media platforms as well as alternative media, including social media handles and online media platforms. The analysis is based on what is termed discourse analysis in media studies. It argues concerning Islamic norms on gender that the discourses are linked to the idea of mapping or ordering gendered practices on the one hand. On the other hand, the use of media-by-media voices has resulted in the production of media stars/celebrities. In the end, the article will present the idea that gendered norms are contested by the values of the broader society regarding the ways in which Muslim consumers contest or mediatise the discourses of media voices as well as raising some questions about how Muslim media stars contribute to ideas of Islamic diversity and the framing of authority.
Lessons Learnt in Promoting Arabic as a Further Education and Training Learning Area in a Selected KwaZulu-Natal Muslim School
Authors: Dawood Shaukat , Campbell Bridget
Published: February 2025

This article reports on a case study of a selected Muslim School in the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. It explores how the principal, board members, and Arabic teachers navigate the challenges of promoting Arabic as they seek to understand the issues and lessons learnt in developing Arabic as an FET subject. The research question for this article is: What are the lessons learnt in promoting Arabic as an FET learning area? The first author’s PhD study on the rise and decline of Arabic in the Further Education and Training (FET) phase in selected KwaZulu-Natal Muslim schools demonstrated that Muslim parents prefer Muslim schools to promote the Islamic ethos of their children. Paradoxically, the study also highlighted that parents play a significant role in motivating their children to select academic subjects over Arabic, leading to the decline of FET Arabic. The findings of this study are unanimous that the home environment primes Muslim school learners with two essential cultures: social mobility and Islamic cultural heritage. While these two cultures aim to develop learners holistically, learners face a subject choice dilemma when they select academic subjects over Arabic. One of the conclusions of that study was that home culture impacts negatively on the Arabic language, mainly devaluing the integrated status of Muslim schools which are premised on balancing academics and Islamic education.
Analisis Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Atas Pembayaran Dan Pelaporan Pajak Restoran Di Kota Madiun Tahun 2021-2023
Authors: Hapsari Mareta Putri , Wijaya Anggita Langgeng , Zahri Rihan Mustafa
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak dalam membayar dan melaporkan pajak restoran di Kota Madiun tahun 2021-2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak restoran di Kota Madiun tahun 2021 yaitu 44,97% (tidak patuh), tahun 2022 yaitu 36,56% (tidak patuh), tahun 2023 yaitu 53,11% (cukup patuh). (2) Pelaksanaan kewajiban perpajakan atas pembayaran dan pelaporan pajak restoran belum sesuai dengan ketentuan perpajakan. (3) Pengaruh pengaruh kepatuhan wajib pajak dalam membayar dan melaporkan pajak yaitu pajak restoran bagi usaha catering tidak menerima penghasilan secara teratur, kurangnya pemahaman terkait cara membayar dan melaporkan pajak restoran, restoran yang tidak termasuk dalam objek pajak dicatat sebagai wajib pajak restoran, terdapat indikasi wajib pajak melakukan kecurangan dengan memanipulasi data rekapitulasi penerimaan pajak, dan restoran enggan mengundurkan diri sebagai wajib pajak ketika tempat yang dikelolanya tutup.
Capsular block syndrome in the late postoperative period of cataract surgery
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Ragozina E.A. , Egorova E.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Ermakova O.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Cherepanova D.L. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To identify the features of pathogenesis and evaluate the results of laser and surgical treatment of patients with capsule block syndrome (CBS) in the late postoperative period.

Material and methods. This study included 13 patients (13 eyes) aged from 26 to 86 years with a diagnosis of CBS in the late postoperative period. In addition to the standard ophthalmological examination, patients underwent optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment, biometry, and ultrasound biomicroscopy. For treatment, Nd:YAG laser or surgical intervention (washing out the lens masses) was used.

Results. In the study group CBS developed in the period from 6 to 13 years after cataract surgery. According to slitlamp biomicroscopy, various contents of the retrooptic space were observed. Using ultrasound biomicroscopy, the presence of Soemmering’s ring was detected in 11 patients, and in all patients the site of a breakthrough in the capsular barrier, partial destruction of Soemmering’s ring and the release of its contents into the capsular bag was visualized. One case of self-resolution of the syndrome was observed; in the rest, laser (6 eyes) and surgical (6 eyes) treatment was used. Visual acuity after treatment increased in all patients.

Conclusion. CBS is variable in its manifestation — from the transparent contents of the retrooptic space to the accumulation of dense swelling lenticular masses in it. Optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment and ultrasound biomicroscopy are the main complementary methods for CBS diagnosing. The pathogenesis of CBS is associated with the formation and progression of Soemmering’s ring, breakthrough of the capsular barrier and the release of lens masses into the retro-optic space. Laser and surgical techniques are effective in treating CBS.

Key words: capsular block syndrome, capsular bag distention syndrome, posterior capsule opacification, Soemmering ring, ultrasound biomicroscopy
Seroprevalence of Scrub typhus in East Khasi hills and South West Khasi hills districts of Meghalaya, India
Authors: Hynniewta Barry Cooper , Wanswett Wandarisa , Kurbah Ronald Eleazer , Pyrbot Jupirika Elangbam
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the seroprevalence of Scrub typhus in Meghalaya, India's east and south west Khasi hills districts. The Pasteur Institute in Shillong, Meghalaya, conducted a retrospective observational study from November 2022 to May 2023. The study involved 146 individuals with clinical suspicion of Scrub typhus, using the Scrub typhus Detect IgM Elisa. The IgM Elisa diagnosed Scrub typhus IgM levels >11 as positive, 9-11 as equivocal and <9 as negative. The R statistical program was used for statistical analysis. The Chi-square test was used to determine correlations between gender and age groups. Significant data was defined as a p-value of 0.05 or lower.

Acute pyrexia patients suspected of Scrub typhus tested positive for IgM Scrub typhus Elisa. Gender distribution was not significant, with males (72.7%) being the majority of positives. Age groups 0-10 years have the highest IgM 7/17 seropositive rates (41.2%), with majority patients aged 21-30. Males, particularly in rural areas, are engaged in outdoor activities more frequently than females, with 27.3% of males being positive and 72.7% being negative. Equivocal males are 42.9% more likely to engage in outdoor activities than females, who are more likely to spend time in the kitchen. Scrub typhus is endemic in many Indian regions, requiring ongoing surveillance. Patients with fever, rash, myalgia and liver failure should be evaluated, especially in high-altitude regions during the monsoon season. Undifferentiated fevers lasting over a week and not responding to traditional antibiotics warrant a clinical and diagnostic workup for Scrub typhus.
Synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of sulfonylurea-chalcone hybrid analogues as α-glucosidase inhibitors
Authors: Wong Yee Hua , Ng Jia Jing , Wai Wan , Chee Xuan Xuan , Avupati Vasudeva Rao
Published: February 2025

Identification of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors is in urgent demand due to the high prevalence and limitations of existing drugs used in the therapeutic management of type 2 diabetes. In line with the need, we synthesised and evaluated a series of sulfonylurea-chalcone hybrid analogues for their bioactive potential as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Based on the in vitro analysis of screening results and structure-activity relationship (SAR), compound c was found to be a promising bioactive hit molecule (IC50: 1.776 μM).

In silico molecular docking studies revealed that the sulfonylurea-chalcone hybrid backbone exhibited stable binding properties at the human α-glucosidase (PDB ID: 3TOP) binding site region.
Empathie (Einfühlung) et écriture de l’histoire de l’art chez Heinrich Wölfflin
Authors: Galland-Szymkowiak Mildred
Published: February 2025

L’article reprend la question de l’évolution du rôle de l’empathie esthétique (Einfühlung) pour la constitution de l’histoire de l’art en savoir autonome et rigoureux chez Heinrich Wölfflin, des Prolégomènes à une psychologie de l’architecture (1886) aux Principes fondamentaux de l’histoire de l’art (1915). On sait que le modèle corporel de l’empathie esthétique, privilégié dans le premier ouvrage, est mis de côté dans le second au profit de la construction d’un objet spécifique de l’historiographie de l’art, les « formes d’appréhension et de présentation », appelées aussi « catégories de l’intuition » ou « schèmes optiques ». L’article comprend cette évolution à partir du désir wölfflinien de fonder l’histoire de l’art comme Kunstwissenschaft, et montre comment ce fondement s’établit dans une réflexion de type transcendantal sur la constitution affective de l’espace. Le « formalisme » de Wölfflin ne nie nullement la pertinence du déchiffrage empathique des œuvres, mais l’encadre méthodiquement par, et le subordonne à, la détermination des structures historico-transcendantales de la spatialisation.
Melancholia imaginativa
Authors: Gilon Odile
Published: February 2025

Cet article se propose d’étudier l’émergence de la mélancolie comme tonalité affective liée à la vie spéculative dans le monde médiéval. Catégorie d’origine médicale, la mélancolie est explicitement transposée dans la sphère intellectuelle par Henri de Gand (XIIIe siècle), qui la lie à l’impuissance spéculative de la virtus imaginativa – d’où le titre melancholia imaginativa –, impuissance qui serait propre aux mathématiciens. L’article présente les racines possibles de l’assimilation entre mélancolie et imagination chez les philosophes et les théologiens, qui, sans référer à la tradition littéraire, puisent cependant dans les traités médicaux, astrologiques et physiques. L’étude s’opère en trois temps : le lien entre imagination et impuissance spéculative dans les débats épistémologiques du XIIIe siècle, l’émergence d’une catégorie psychique accompagnant la vie intellectuelle dans la tradition médicale, et sa récupération par les penseurs du XIIIe siècle ; et enfin l’émergence de questionnements, chez les penseurs du XIIIe siècle, sur la tristesse qui peut accompagner la vie de la pensée.
L’image et le temps
Authors: Servais Amandine
Published: February 2025

Par l’étude d’un cas – Alphonse Dupront (particulièrement son texte « Itinéraire », 1ère partie de l’ouvrage Du sacré. Croisades et pèlerinages. Images et langages) – j’entends éprouver l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’image détermine des modalités inédites du savoir historien. Excentrique, Dupront a retenu mon attention. N’est-ce pas depuis les marges qu’on peut, le mieux, examiner le centre ? Dupront ne produit pas, sur les images, un discours en surplomb ni un texte où l’image est prétextuelle. Il réalise une expérience : son texte est à la fois le lieu d’une pratique et l’endroit où se réfléchit cette pratique. Le récit de Dupront constitue un métadiscours et c’est par l’image que le récit historien est contraint de s’engager dans l’autoréflexivité. Chez Dupront, les catégories du temps et de l’image sont étroitement intriquées. Cette intrication des catégories vient de ce que la définition du temps (longue durée) engendre une conception de l’événement (le vécu qu’étudie l’historien) s’accordant à une certaine définition de l’image (l’image entendue comme agrégat d’hétérogènes et, par-là, possédant un potentiel d’actualisation). Dès lors, événement et image partagent une même propriété, celle d’être actualisables. Cette contiguïté catégorielle fonde le système dupronien. En cela, l’image occupe une place prépondérante ; elle détermine des modalités inédites du savoir historique et questionne le dispositif historique dans son ensemble. Ainsi, la marge où se tient Dupront révèle quelque chose de fort qui œuvre au sein de la pratique. Plus que d’offrir une simple évasion, les travaux du médiéviste nous placent au cœur du problème.
Revenances romantiques : le cas des Frères de Saint-Sérapion d’E. T. A Hoffmann
Authors: Feuillebois Victoire
Published: February 2025

Cet article se penche sur le rôle structurel joué par le motif de la revenance dans Les Frères de Saint-Sérapion d’E.T.A Hoffmann. En effet, on est frappé par la diversité des revenants chez Hoffmann, qui excèdent de loin le simple cas du fantôme : non seulement l’auteur multiplie les figures non surnaturelles de personnages qui font retour après une longue absence, mais ce modèle du retour est également présent au niveau de la composition, puisque le cycle encadré est composé de nouvelles commentées dans le cadre, et qu’il est lui-même formé de nouvelles qui ont déjà été publiées ailleurs. L’imaginaire de la revenance n’est donc pas simplement articulé à l’horizon thématique ou générique du fantastique : notre hypothèse est que la prégnance de cet imaginaire est liée à l’héritage du fragment romantique et à la nouvelle configuration du champ littéraire de son temps, lesquels imposent un travail sur des formes brèves qui, quoique différentes dans leur esprit, sont également fondées sur un principe récursif. Hoffmann illustre ce principe de la revenance du texte, qu’il décline au niveau du cadre des Frères de Saint-Sérapion comme à celui des histoires insérées : il souligne ainsi que le motif du revenant apparaît également comme la métaphore du fonctionnement du texte.
Caractérisation et performance des unités de production de plants d’anacardier au Bénin
Authors: Hinnou Léonard Cossi , Adekambi Souléïmane Adéyêmi , Ayedoun Alfred Akpado Oluwatogni
Published: February 2025

Description du sujet. La production de plants greffés est considérée comme un levier pour améliorer la qualité du matériel végétal et augmenter les rendements des anacardiers au Bénin. Cependant, les capacités des unités de production restent toujours faibles. Objectifs. La recherche a évalué les capacités techniques, managériales, organisationnelles et de financement des types d’unités de production des plants greffés d’anacardiers pour des interventions politiques plus ciblées. Méthode. La statistique descriptive a été utilisée pour le traitement et l’analyse des données collectées auprès de 234 unités de production des plants greffés d’anacardiers installées dans 41 communes au Bénin. Les (dis)similitudes entre les types de pépiniéristes de la zone d’étude a été analysée à l’aide de l’Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP). Résultats. Les résultats ont montré l’existence de trois catégories d’unités de production de plants greffés. La première unité regroupe les pépiniéristes les moins expérimentés avec une faible capacité de production, une faible maîtrise de la technique de production des plants greffés, un accès limité aux ressources de production et une faible adhésion aux organisations professionnelles agricoles. La deuxième unité est celle des pépiniéristes moyennement expérimentés avec une performance de production légèrement supérieure à la première catégorie. Par contre, la troisième catégorie d’unité est constituée des pépiniéristes professionnels caractérisés par une forte capacité technique de production, un esprit associatif élevé couplé à un meilleur accès aux facteurs de production, une capacité managériale exceptionnelle et un investissement en fonds propres près de quatre fois plus élevé que les autres catégories. Conclusions. Les conclusions de la recherche recommandent une politique d’interventions ciblée afin de mieux accompagner le sous-secteur semencier de la filière anacarde et par ricochet une meilleure amélioration de la productivité des plantations d’anacardiers au Bénin.
ON PURPOSE OF THE MEDIEVAL POTTERS’ MARKS (ETHNOGRAPHIC NOTES)
Authors: Бобринский А А.
Published: February 2025

Небольшая рукопись А.А. Бобринского, имеющаяся в его личном архиве, посвящена собранным им этнографическим сведениям об причинах клеймения глиняных сосудов восточнославянскими (русскими, украинскими ибелорусскими) гончарами вХХв. Выделяются знаки, вырезанные на рабочей плоскости гончарных кругов иотпечатавшиеся на днищах сосудов, изнаки, созданные специально на днищах самих сосудов. Кпоследним относятся так называемые знаки-символы , которые использовались гончарами вкачестве оберегов на этапе изготовления сосудов иих обжига вгорне.

A small manuscript by A.A. Bobrinsky (it is contained in his private archive) is devoted to ethnographic data on reasons of pottery marks application by Ukrainian craftsmen in the 20th century. A.A. Bobrinsky separated marks cut on the working planes of potters wheels and marks that were made specifically on pot bottoms. So called protective charm marks that potters themselves used as protective charms during production of pots and during the pots firing in pottery kilns fall in the last group.