bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood trauma and anger in adults with and without depressive and anxiety disorders
Authors: De Bles N. , Putz L. , Rius-Ottenheim N. , Van Hemert A. , Giltay E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Childhood trauma is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depressive disorders, but its association with anger, irritability, and related constructs has received less attention.

Objectives

We aimed to investigate (1) the relationship between childhood trauma and anger constructs in adulthood, and (2) which types of childhood trauma is most predictive.

Methods

In the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), childhood trauma at baseline was assessed with a semi-structured interview. Childhood trauma was analyzed in relation to the Spielberger Trait Anger Subscale (STAS), the Anger Attacks Questionnaire, and the cluster B personality traits part of the Personality Disorder Questionnaire 4 (PDQ-4), measured at 4-year follow-up, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariable logistic regression analyses, adjusting for sex, age, level of education, BMI, smoking, alcohol dependency/abuse, disorder status.

Results

Participants were on average 42.1 years (SD = 13.1), and 66.3% (n = 1.508) were female. Childhood trauma showed a dose-response association with all anger constructs. Zooming in, emotional neglect, and psychological, and physical abuse were associated with all anger constructs, independently of depression or anxiety. Additionally, sexual abuse and childhood life events were associated with trait anger and borderline personality traits, and trait anger and antisocial personality traits retrospectively.

Conclusions

Childhood trauma is linked with anger in adulthood. Childhood trauma may cause not only anxiety and depression, but also anger, and tailored interventions (at both childhood trauma and anger itself
) might help to improve unsatisfactory relationships and prevent violent behaviors.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Emotional impact on Spanish health professional because of the COVID19 crisis
Authors: Alvarado Dafonte A. , Soldado Rodríguez L. , Ruiz Martinez G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has positioned health professionals around the world in an unprecedented situation, having to work in extreme conditions.

The reactions of healthcare personnel that concern us most are the negative psychological effects of the pandemic, such as exhaustion, moral injury, acute stress reactions, anxiety, depression or post- traumatic stress disorder.

Objectives

To assess the impact of the COVID19 crisis on mental health of Spanish health professionals during the start of the pandemic.

Methods

A descriptive, cross-sectional study is carried out, in which the population sample to be studied was the health professionals who responded to the online questionnaire designed to assess the emotional impact caused by the COVID-19 health crisis.

The questionnaire collects sociodemographic and labor data, which correspond to the independent variables of the study. The dependent variables correspond to the two scales used in the questionnaire (SAS and SASRQ scales)

Results

The population sample was 473 people.

Analyzing the results of the SAS scale, 26.5% of the sample had anxiety symptoms in a normal range, 44.3% had mild-moderate anxiety levels, 24.4% marked-severe anxiety and 4, 9% had extreme anxiety levels.

The SARQ questionnaire assesses the presence of an acute stress disorder. In our study, 31.6% of those surveyed had this type of disorder.

Conclusions

Immediate interventions and support for health professionals are essential to improve psychological resilience and avoid the appearance of mental health problems.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Grief during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional online survey in university students
Authors: Soares M.J. , Pereira D. , Amaral A.P. , Azevedo J. , Bos S. , Pereira A.T. , Madeira N. , Macedo A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Almost 5 million people worldwide have lost their lives due to SARS-CoV-2 (source: WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard, data of 1.10.2021; https://covid19.who.int/) and therefore, globally, there is an increase of people in grief due to the death of a significant other.

Objectives

To study psychological correlates of grief during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

591 university students, with a mean age of 23.84±7.95 years (range 18-65 years; 76.8% women; 91.2% Portuguese) completed an online questionnaire during the second COVID-19 confinement (from 15.02 to 13.03.2021), with sociodemographic questions, the Pandemic Stress Index, the Mental Health Inventory, Insomnia Scale, questions on physical/ psychological health, and social isolation.

Results

Students bereaving the death of a significant other (n=93, 15.7%; n=25, 26.9% reported cause was SARS-CoV-2; time since death: < 3 months to 1-year), compared to those who did not (n= 498; 84.3%), described poorer psychological health, higher psychological distress (depression, anxiety, lack of control) and sleep difficulties, higher levels of stress (higher impact of COVID pandemic in daily life, and higher behavior changes in response to COVID-19) and more social isolation.

Conclusions

COVID-19 pandemic-related stress is a source of additional stress for bereaved students. Grief is also associated with social isolation, poor mental health (depression, anxiety, lack of control) and sleep difficulties. Screening efforts, guidance, and counseling from professionals of mental health care, primary health care, and universities health care services during and after the COVID-19 pandemic could be extremely beneficial for bereaved students, particularly for those at higher risk of developing prolonged grief disorder.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The implementation of teletherapy with patients with Severe Mental Illness during the COVID-19 first wave and its longitudinal association with hospitalisations: A retrospective multicenter study from Spain
Authors: Sánchez-Guarnido A.J. , Machado Urquiza B. , Soler-Sánchez M.D.M. , Masferrer C. , Perles F. , Petkari E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 related restrictions such as social distancing forced the search for feasible alternatives to the provision of care for patients with severe mental illness (SMI), with services opting for teletherapy as an substitute of face-to-face treatment.

Objectives

To examine the implementation of teletherapy (telephone, videoconference) with patients with SMI during the COVID-19 first wave, and explore its associations with reduced hospitalisations after the first wave was over.

Methods

We performed a retrospective assessment of 270 records of patients visiting fifteen outpatient mental health services across Spain during 2020. We retrieved sociodemographic and clinical data, including modality of received therapy (in-person, telephone, videoconference) in three time points (before, during and after the first COVID-19 wave) and hospitalisation rates two, four and six months later.

Results

During the first wave, services implemented teletherapy (telephone and videoconference) extensively, whilst they reduced face-to-face therapy, though this returned to previous levels after the first wave. Hospitalisations two months later did not differ between patients who received teletherapy, and those who did not (p=.068). However, hospitalisations were lower for the first group of patients four (p =.004) and six months later (p <.001). Multilevel analyses suggested that receiving teletherapy by videoconference during the first wave was the factor that protected patients most against hospitalisations six months later (OR=0.25; p=.012).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that teletherapy plays a protective role against hospitalisations, especially when face-to-face therapy is not feasible. Therefore, it can be considered a valid alternative to ensure continuity of care to patients with SMI.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychological aspects of body perception in depression with non-suicidal self-injury
Authors: Enikolopov S. , Medvedeva T. , Vorontsova O. , Boyko O. , Zhabina D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Emotional regulation appears to be a key factor in self-injury. But body image also may play an important role in self-harming.

Objectives

Analysis of the relationship between non-suicidal self-injurious behavior and various aspects of body representation and body perception in adolescents and young women suffering from depression.

Methods

The study involved 85 women with endogenous depression. The answer to the question “Sometimes I purposely injure myself” was used as an indicator of self-harm. The methods include: SCL-90-R, Body Investment Scale (BIS), Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised (PACS-R), Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS), Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS).

Results

The relationship between self-injurious behavior and emotional, cognitive and behavioral characteristics of the self-body perception was revealed: more negative body image - dissatisfaction with its parts and the whole body (correlation with BSS_head ,238*, BSS_body ,472**, BSS_total_score ,453**), which is accompanied by behavioral manifestations - reduced “Protection” (correlation with BIS -,281**), higher rates of self-surveillance and comparisons of the self-body with others (PACS-R ,323**), depersonalization (CDS ,301**), body dissociation (CDS ABE ,346**), somatization (SCL-90-R ,226*).

Conclusions

For young women with depression, it has been shown that when self-harming, the self-body is “devalued”, perceived as “bad,” and the need to protect it is ignored. The severity of self-harm directly correlates with the phenomena of somatopsychic depersonalization. The results obtained may indicate that rejection of the self-body, “alienated” attitude and deprivation of the body of “subjectivity” can contribute to its use as a tool for solving psychological problems, which is a risk factor for the development, consolidation and aggravation of self-injurious behavior.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Relationship to physical and psychological pain as factors of deviant behavior in Russian female adolescents
Authors: Rasskazova E. , Sadovnichaja V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Borderline personality manifests in female adolescence and youth by higher frequency of deviant behaviors and suicidal ideations. Psychological models suggests that both perception and relationship to physical pain (Joiner, 2005, O’Connor, Kirtley, 2018, Galynker, 2017) as well as psychological pain (Eisenberger et al., 2003) could increase the risk.

Objectives

This study concentrates on the relationship between relationship to physical and psychological pain and reported deviant behavior in female adolescents.

Methods

204 female adolescents (13-21 years old) filled checklist appraising alcohol use, drug use, aggressive behavior, suicidal ideations and emotional difficulties (Cronbach’s alphas .67-.89), Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (Van Orden et al., 2012), Discomfort Intolerance Scale (Schmidt et al., 2006), The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (Sullivan et al., 1995).

Results

Elder females more frequently reported substance use (r=.23-.28) and less frequently aggressive behavior (r=-.19) while suicidal ideations were unrelated to age. Females reporting higher perceived burdensomeness and emotional difficulties also reported higher alcohol use (r=.25-.29), aggressive behavior (r=.37-.42) and suicidal ideations (r=.64-.84). Thwarted belongingness correlated with suicidal ideations (r=.50) and aggressive behavior (r=.26). Higher alcohol use was associated with catastrophizing of pain in the form of magnification and helplessness (r=.17) while suicidal ideations and aggressive behavior were related to ruminations, magnification and helplessness (r=.23-.33). Only correlations between aggression and pain catastrophizing remained significant after statistical control of psychological pain (r=.15-.22).

Conclusions

After control for psychological pain, only aggressive behavior is related to catastrophizing of physical pain. Study is supported by Russian science Foundation, project 22-28-01524.

Disclosure

Study is supported by Russian Science Foundation, project 22-28-01524.
Depression in Adolescents with Asperger’s Syndrome: Long-Term Outcome
Authors: Nicolau I. , Voinea C. , Mateescu L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Asperger Syndrome (AS) exhibits a particular set of difficulties, the foremost of them being the impairment in social interaction. Furthermore, adolescence by itself is a period burdened with many social challenges and distress. The attempt to adjust to them while having AS is much harder, thus it may constitute the premise for the onset of internalizing symptomatology, in particular depression.

Objectives

This study aimed to observe what factors either improved or hindered the long-term outcome. It was analyzed how the different types of interventions influenced the outcome of these individuals in terms of academic performance, social functioning, psychiatric relapses and quality of life.

Methods

Our lot was represented by 16 patients diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), followed up on a period between 1 to 10 years. The lot was divided into two groups, each with a different therapeutic plan. The main instruments used were clinical observation and parents’ assessments.

Results

In the first group, the adolescents, treated with a complex intervention which included also a psychotherapeutic component, were found to have a positive outcome, 71,42% of them having no other psychiatric comorbidity than Major Depressive Disorder. The adolescents in the second group, who were treated only with pharmacological treatment, were found to have a negative outcome.

Conclusions

The factors that were found to have the most important impact on the long-term outcome were: the integration in a psychotherapy programme, having family support, compliance with the pharmacological treatment and having MDD as the only psychiatric comorbidity.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
How to Optimise the Collection of Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Context of a Specific Disease such as Eating Disorders
Authors: Schmidt U.
Published: September 2022

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric disorders which, when left untreated, can lead to psychosocial impairment, physical disability and death. In the United Kingdom, many specialist ED services collect routine outcome measures (ROMs) which serve to assess illness severity, patients’ quality of life and function. The repeated collection of ROMs over the course of treatment allows for the objective evaluation of patient progress towards recovery. Recent National Health Service (NHS) guidance on adult ED care in England suggests that all services should use ROMs, not just to track progress, but also to support the achievement of collaboratively identified, person-specific recovery goals, to empower patients and inform individualised treatment. To achieve this objective, clinicians need access to psychometrically sound ROMs which can be utilised in a collaborative and person-centred manner. Traditionally, ROMs have been collected using standardised patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), but increasingly individualised PROMs (i-PROMs) are also being developed. Methods & Findings: In this talk I will review the ‘why, what and how’ of ROMs, PROMs, I-PROMS and of associated normative and ipsative feedback on these measures in the eating disorders context. Conclusions: Use of PROMs has much to be commended both in regard to treating individual patients, at service level and also the wider health care system.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychopathology and problematic social media use among children and adolescents: what possible links?
Authors: Ben Othman A. , Hamza M. , Amemou B. , Bourgou S. , Ben Hamouda A. , Charfi F. , Belhadj A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Social Media (SM) have recently gained substantial popularity among youth. However, the relationship between problematic use of social media (PUSM) and psychopathology in children and adolescents remains unclear.

Objectives

To study in a population of children and adolescents followed in outpatient psychiatry unit, the prevalence, and psychopathological factors linked to PUSM.

Methods

A descriptive study was led among child and adolescent’s psychiatry patients. Parents were asked to provide answers for the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). PUSM was assessed using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). Mental disorders’ related data were extracted from patients’ medical records.

Results

Our study included 76 patients with a mean age of 14.2 ± 2.6 [11,18] years and a sex-ratio of 1. The prevalence of PUSM was estimated at 9.2% in our population according to the conservative approach, rising to 48.7% according to the liberal approach. Anxiety (32.4%) and depressive disorders (24.3%) were most prevalent among patients with PUSM. BSMAS scores were significantly higher among patients with smoking habits (p=0.03). CBCL T-scores interpretation showed internalizing and externalizing disorders among 80.3% and 64.5% patients respectively. BSMAS scores were significantly higher among patients belonging to the clinical range of all the CBCL syndrome scales, except for social problems, and among patients suffering from both internalizing and externalizing disorders (p=0.005).

Conclusions

PUSM was shown to be more prevalent among clinical populations compared to healthy controls. Research has indicated a potential link between PIUSM and psychopathology; however, the significance of the correlation remains unclear.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The era of virtual care: Perspectives of youth on psychiatric virtual appointments in COVID-19 and beyond
Authors: Tsang V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

In response to COVID-19, paediatric providers have shifted to providing outpatient health care appointments through telehealth.

Objectives

While research has been published previously on this topic, we felt it important to add current Canadian youth perspectives to the mix, specifically on changes due to COVID-19.

Methods

Semi-structured discussions were held on virtual care in June and October 2020 with our youth members, who are patients with various health conditions, aged 13 to 19 years which allowed us to glean their unique opinions regarding virtual care in the midst of a pandemic.

Results

Youth who contributed to this commentary reported that major benefits of virtual care included time savings, ease of access, continuity of care, and ability to participate in health appointments from the comfort of one’s own home without a risk of COVID-19 exposure. These youth also recognized limitations to virtual care, including the inability to complete laboratory or imaging tests, and the lack of physical examination capabilities.

Conclusions

Additionally, they stressed the importance of visual components of virtual appointments and health care providers needing to consider privacy restrictions youth may have. Overall, our cohort of youth feel positive about virtual care and hope care providers can work with youth individually to determine the best solution for them.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Study Protocol: Gut microbiota profiles implicated in the onset of autism spectrum disorders in preterm infants: A two-year follow-up study
Authors: Navalón P. , Ghosn F. , Almansa B. , Lara I. , Pinilla A. , Solaz Á. , Zapata De Miguel C. , Cañada Y. , García-Blanco A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Preterm infants are at high-risk of developing autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The underlying mechanisms that explain the link between prematurity and ASD are unclear. Perinatal environmental factors may disrupt the gut-brain communication, when the gut microbiome composition is established and brain programming occurs. Therefore, the disruption of the gut-brain axis communication in response to perinatal environmental events may shed light on the association between prematurity and ASD.

Objectives

To describe a new research project protocol which aim is to develop a dynamic model of gut microbiota variation in response to environmental factors that modulate the ASD risk in preterm infants.

Methods

A two-year prospective observational study will be carried out, in which preterm infants will be assessed at birth, 40th postmenstrual week, at 6, 12, and 24 months of corrected age. Two-hundred preterm infants will be recruited. A comprehensive assessment will be conducted by collecting data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, family functioning, neurodevelopment, ASD screening, and diagnosis. Microbiome composition and microbial activity will be determined from feces.

Results

The expected results are: i) to characterize ASD since its early manifestations in an at-risk population, allowing an early diagnosis and intervention to improve clinical outcomes; ii) to identify early microbiota biomarkers in order to find potential pathophysiological pathways; iii) to understand the protective and risk factors associated to ASD since perinatal period.

Conclusions

A two-year predictive model will be generated based on environmental and gut microbiota variables. This predictive model of ASD would allow prevention, early diagnosis, improvement of prognosis, and personalized treatments in preterm infants.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Assessment of stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in caregivers of children with ASD
Authors: Pacheco P. , Pacheco M. , Molini-Avejonas D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

An infectious disease such as COVID-19 can have a great impact on mental health due to the fear of contracting it as well as the social isolation itself due to the containment measures. Such events are considered stressors, as they can be perceived as threatening or challenging, and can have cumulative effects that are harmful to mental health. Along with this scenario, anxiety can occur in association with stress, and it is defined as extreme concern and somatic symptoms that generate tension, hindering the proper functioning and development of basic life functions. In people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their families, such events can occur more intensely, as changing routine and adapting to different activities are usually challenging. The study examined stress, anxiety and coping strategies during the pandemic.

Objectives

To analyze stressful events, anxiety and coping strategies in caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD and typical development.

Methods

Forty caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD and 40 of typically developing participated in the study. The assessment instruments used were: 1. RSQ COVID-19; 2. Semi-structured interview; 3. State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) or chi-square were used.

Results

Caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD showed greater stress and anxiety, in addition to using less adaptive coping strategies.

Conclusions

There is a great need to welcome families of children and adolescents with ASD, helping to develop coping or coping strategies.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Evaluation of Smoking Cessation Advice in a Maltese Mental Health Community Clinic
Authors: Cortis N. , Pace A. , Grech G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Tobacco smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide (WHO, 2020). Smoking cessation campaigns have been effective at reducing smoking in the general population, but not in individuals with mental illness (Lê Cook et al., 2014). A downward trend in smoking has been noted in EU countries but smoking rates have remained stable in Malta (Country Health Profile, 2019).

Objectives

This audit aims to assess smoking status, provision of smoking cessation advice and psychotropic dose adjustment depending on smoking status by the Bormla Mental Health Team.

Methods

Patient health records were reviewed for patient demographics, psychiatric diagnosis, medical co-morbidities, smoking status and cessation advice and changes in psychiatric medication according to smoking status.

Results

Of the 171 patients studied, 35% (n=61) were smokers, 33% (n=58) were non-smokers while in 30% (n=52) the smoking status was undocumented. Smokers had a mean age of 50 years with an almost equal gender distribution (49% (n=30) male and 51% (n=31) female). The most common documented psychiatric diagnoses were depression (52.5% (n=32)) and anxiety (34.5% (n=21)), while 59% (n=36) had documented medical co-morbidities. Only 14% (n=9) where given smoking cessation advice and one patient was referred to the smoking cessation clinic. One third of smokers (n=20) were prescribed psychotropic medications which are affected by smoking status but only two patients had their doses adjusted.

Conclusions

Improved smoking cessation advice, referral to services, consideration of smoking cessation while prescribing and documentation are need to better patient care.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mental health care needs of transgender people living in Russia
Authors: Chumakov E. , Ashenbrenner Y. , Gvozdetsky A. , Petrova N. , Azarova L. , Limankin O.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The majority of researchers agree that transgender people have an increased burden of mental disorders compared to the general population. However, it is strongly suggested that transgender people still do not receive mental health care that they need.

Objectives

To assess the mental health care needs of transgender people living in Russia.

Methods

An anonymous online survey was conducted throughout November 2019. 588 transgender adults living in all Federal Districts of Russia (mean age 24.0±6.7) were included in the final analysis.

Results

It was found that 308 respondents (52.4%) had visited mental health professional prior to gender transition. 150 people (25.5%) reported to had been diagnosed with a mental disorder before gender transition, and a further 77 respondents (13.1%) indicated that they had been diagnosed with a mental disorder after transition began. 157 people (26.7%) received treatment from a mental health professional. 222 respondents (37.8%) had experience of taking medication off-prescription to improve mental wellbeing. 464 people (78.9%) reported being in need of psychological care. 289 people (49.1%) indicated that they were experiencing barriers in obtaining psychiatric (psychotherapeutic, psychological) care, which was associated with a perceived need for psychological support (OR=4.33 [95% CI: 2.49;7.80], p<0.001), being diagnosed with a mental disorder prior to gender transition (OR=2.19 [95% CI: 1.30;3.77], p=0.004), poorer housing conditions (OR=0.86 [95% CI: 0.79;0.93], p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our research shows that there is a high perceived need for qualified mental health care for transgender people in Russia.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Superoxide dismutase activity of serum IgG in acute illness and remission period of schizophrenia
Authors: Mednova I. , Smirnova L. , Vasilieva A. , Krotenko N. , Dmitrieva E. , Semke A. , Ivanova S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

According to recent research violations of the oxidative-antioxidant balance may play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, by changing generate, conduct and reproduce a nerve impulse. Antibodies with oxidoreductase activity may be involved in protection against oxidative stress in schizophrenia.

Objectives

The study was to compare the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of IgG in patients with acute schizophrenia and during remission.

Methods

The study included 20 patients with acute schizophrenia (mean PANSS total score 94,3±14), 18 people with schizophrenia during remission (mean PANSS total score 54,7±9), and 10 healthy individuals. All participants signed informed consent for the research. Isolation of IgG from blood serum was performed using affinity chromatography on Protein-G-Sepharose columns. The homogeneity of the substances is confirmed by the SDS PAGE method. SOD activity of IgG was carried out spectrophotometrically. Statistical processing was conducted with Statistica v.10.

Results

IgG of schizophrenia patients and healthy individuals have a SOD activity and studied activity is proved to be antibodies intrinsic property. The activity of antibodies in acute schizophrenia was 1.7 times higher than in healthy individuals (p<0.05). In patients with schizophrenia during remission SOD activity of IgG was 2.4 times higher than in healthy individuals (p<0.05).

Conclusions

We can assume that in the conditions of oppression antioxidant activity in schizophrenia patients, antibodies partially take over the function of protecting the body from patients with generalized oxidative stress. This work is supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation, grant # 18-15-00053P.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Symptoms of diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety in people with type 2 diabetes: identifying central and bridge symptoms using network analysis
Authors: Mcinerney A. , Lindekilde N. , Nouwen A. , Schmitz N. , Deschenes S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

People with diabetes are vulnerable to diabetes-related distress and are more likely to experience depressive and anxiety symptoms than the general population. Diabetes distress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms also tend to commonly co-occur.

Objectives

This study aimed to apply network analysis to explore the associations between diabetes distress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms in a cohort of adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Data were from the baseline (2011) assessment of the Evaluation of Diabetes Insulin Treatment (EDIT) study (N = 1,796; 49% female; mean age = 60, SD = 8) from Quebec, Canada. A first network using the 17 items of the diabetes distress scale (DDS-17) was estimated. A second network was estimated using the 17 items of the DDS-17, the 9 depressive items of the PHQ-9, and the 7 anxiety items of the GAD-7. Symptom centrality, network stability, and bridge symptoms were examined.

Results

Regimen-related and physician-related distress symptoms were amongst the most central (highly connected) in the diabetes distress network. Worrying too much (anxiety), Not feeling motivated to keep up diabetes self-management
(diabetes distress), and Feeling like a failure (depression) were the most central symptoms in the combined network. Feeling like a failure (depression) was highly connected to diabetes distress symptoms, representing a potential bridge between diabetes distress and depression.

Conclusions

Identifying central and bridge symptoms may provide new insights into diabetes distress, depressive, and anxiety symptom maintenance and comorbidity in people with type 2 diabetes.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychopathological characteristics of patients eligible for a diacethylmorphine prescription program: an ecological pilot study
Authors: Gothuey I. , Jeannin M. , Bouzegaou R. , Kuntz A. , Salamin V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Agonist opiate treatments with diacethylmorphin (DAM) for heroin addiction have proven their effectiveness for a long time. But few studies focused on psychiatric troubles among the treated patients. As a new DAM program will open in Freiburg in Switzerland, in order to assess the eligibility to this program, we consider the psychiatric dimension using the Addition Severity Index French translation (IGT).

Objectives

Assessing the patient eligibility for the DAM programm and describing psychopathological characteristics

Methods

Assessing eligibility for a Dam program in Switzerland is based on some criteria defined by OFSP: Be adult, failure of at least two previous addiction treatments, intravenous consumption. In addition, the included patients (N=10) passed an interview with a trained examiner, to fill the addiction severity index scale (multidimensional psychometric scale). The result of the psychiatric dimension of IGT was compared with the psychiatric diagnosis in the medical file to assess the internal reliability of the descriptive method. Statistical method for little sample, mean, median, descriptive datas and Fisher test were applied.

Results

All kind of affective disorders, were the most representative psychiatric trouble in the studied population (47%) followed by personality disorders (32%) and severe anxiety troubles (21%). The psychiatric dimensional evaluation of IGT was consistent with the description file psychiatric diagnosis. In a surprising way, we found no psychosis spectrum troubles who could explained the previous treatment failure.

Conclusions

Affective disorders are overrepresented in our sample of addicted patient included in the DAM program. These troubles stay often underestimated. The have to be properly treated

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
How to raise awareness about electronic mental health services among prospect healthcare providers: a qualitative study on information preferences
Authors: Braun P. , Schwientek A.-K. , Guthardt L. , Loerbroks A. , Apolinário-Hagen J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Since fall 2020, electronic mental health services (eMHSs) like apps can be prescribed by physicians and psychotherapists in Germany. However, future healthcare providers such as medical and psychology students remain reluctant to adopt eMHSs, even though they represent a vulnerable group with respect to developing mental health problems themselves. Reasons include scepticism and lacking awareness, which can be addressed by tailored multi-component information material. However, to date little is known about the most important information attributes to educate prospect healthcare providers on eMHSs.

Objectives

The objective of this study is to explore information preferences on eMHSs among medical and psychology students.

Methods

A total of 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted (n=16 medical and n=5 psychology students) across Germany based on a topic guide. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and content-analyzed using MAXQDA.

Results

Most students reported having little knowledge about eMHSs and that the issue of digital health has never been raised in their study, even though it is perceived as important. Concerning information design preferences, students favored light, neutral colors and a combination of short, compressible texts with matching images. Regarding the content, information about data protection, the underlying evidence base and the match with personal needs were perceived as important for utilization intentions, while there was little interest in tailored information focusing exclusively on psychology or medical students.

Conclusions

This study provides first insights into eMHS information preferences among prospect healthcare providers. In a next step, a discrete-choice conjoint experiment will be conducted to test the relevant information features on eMHSs.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychotherapy of Biases in Cognition in Schizophrenia: the SlowMo Randomised Controlled Trial for Paranoia, Outcomes and Mechanisms
Authors: Garety P. , Ward T. , Emsley R. , Greenwood K. , Hardy A.
Published: September 2022

Reasoning biases, specifically jumping to conclusions and belief inflexibility, may play a causal role in persistent paranoia. SlowMo, a new digitally supported blended cognitive-behavioural therapy, targets these biases. Adopting the terms ‘fast’ and ‘slow thinking’ as a heuristic to support therapy, SlowMo encourages people to notice a tendency to fast thinking, and to slow down for a moment to reduce paranoia. SlowMo therapy is the first digital blended therapy for paranoia, employing face to face therapy sessions with interactive digital content, and using mobile technology to promote generalisation to daily life. We report a randomised controlled trial with N=362 participants with distressing and persistent (3+months) paranoia, comparing 8 sessions of SlowMo plus Treatment as Usual (TAU) with TAU alone. We examined SlowMo’s effectiveness in reducing paranoia and improving reasoning biases; its mechanisms of action; usability; and acceptability (Garety et al., 2021). Outcomes: SlowMo was beneficial for paranoia: 10 /11 paranoia measures at 12 weeks and 8/11 at 24 weeks demonstrated significant effects, and sustained moderate effects were observed on all observer-rated measures of persecutory delusions. Improvements in self-esteem, worry, wellbeing and quality of life were also reported. Mediation: Consistent with the theory-driven design and treatment rationale, improvements in slower thinking were found to mediate change in paranoia at 12-
and 24-week follow-ups. However contrary to hypothesis, reduced fast thinking did not mediate change in paranoia, whereas worry did. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic mechanisms of action of SlowMo which which are discussed further. Garety P, Ward T, Emsley R, et al. Effects of SlowMo, a Blended Digital Therapy Targeting Reasoning, on Paranoia Among People With Psychosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2021;78(7):714–725. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0326

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder Among Saudi Female Patients Seeking Cosmetic Procedures
Authors: Almuhanna N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric illness in which the Patients seeking cosmetic surgery are usually unsatisfied with the outcomes of the surgery. Therefore, it is essential to study this phenomenon and increase awareness among physicians to assess for the presence of BDD before any cosmetic treatment.

Objectives

To assess the presence of BDD among female patients undergoing cosmetic procedures and improve awareness among providers of cosmetic treatment.

Methods

This cross-sectional study uses the adult version of the BDD modification of the Y-BOCS (BDD-YBOCS) scale. Its consists of 12 items related to preoccupied thoughts that participants have about their appearance and the effects that these thoughts have on their lives. Questionnaires were distributed on different online platforms among females living in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.

Results

Out of the 220 women who participated, 45 had BDD (prevalence rate of 20.5%), a significant and worrying percentage. The result indicates more among participants in the age group of 20–35 years. Also, it revealed positive correlation exists between BDD and females seeking cosmetic procedures.

Conclusions

One-fifth of the participants were diagnosed to be suffering from BDD. Higher rates were observed among women who underwent cosmetic procedures. Therefore, we recommend physicians conduct screening for patients seeking cosmetic procedures before starting any treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Older adults during the pandemic: Mental health symptoms are predicted by childhood trauma
Authors: Békés V. , Perry J.C. , Starrs C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

It has been broadly anticipated that COVID-19
pandemic-related experiences may constitute traumatic stressors in vulnerable populations, and that older adults’ might be especially at risk of experiencing mental health symptoms during the pandemic.

Objectives

The present study aimed to examine older adults’ psychological distress: posttraumatic stress, Covid-related fears, anxiety, and depression during the pandemic, and the relationship between present distress, defensive functioning, and childhood trauma. We also explored potential differences between younger-older adults (between 65 and 74 years), and older-older adults (75 years and above).

Methods

Data was collected in a large-scale online survey during the early months of the pandemic, for the present study, we included participants above 65 years old (N = 1,225).

Results

showed that age, adverse childhood experiences, and overall defensive functioning were all significantly related to posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression. Specifically, younger age and more reported childhood adversity were related to higher distress, whereas higher defensive functioning was related to less distress. Covid-related fears were not associated with age. Our final model showed that defensive functioning mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and distress.

Conclusions

Our results support the relative resilience of older-older adults compared to younger-older adults, as well as the long-lasting impact of childhood adversity through defensive functioning later in life, specifically in times of heightened stress, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are warranted to identify further factors affecting defensive functioning as adults age, as well as processes that are associated with resilience in response to stressors in older adulthood.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Sexuality in women recovered from COVID-19
Authors: Lagha M. , Hamdi G. , Dhaouadi N. , Chebli S. , Ridha R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

While several studies have assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexuality and sexual behavior in the general population, very few studies have assessed sexuality after Sars-Cov 2 infection.

Objectives

The objective of our study were to assess sexuality in women recovered from COVID-19 and to compare it to healthy controls.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional case-control study.

We randomly recruited women, from April 1st to 30th, 2021.The women in the case group have been infected with Sars-Cov 2, with a benign or pauci-symptomatic clinical form, and cured for one to two months at the time of the study without any post-COVID complications. Women included in the control group have not been infected with Sars-Cov 2. Sexuality was assessed by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

Results

In total, we recruited 30 women in the case group and 30 women in the control group.The average age of the case group was 35.8 ±6.8 years versus an average age of 35.3 ± 6.33 years in the control group. The majority of coronavirus infections were symptomatic (83.3% (n=25)). An FSFI score <26.55 and corresponding to impaired sexual function was found in 63.33% of women in the case group (n=19), versus 53.33% of women in the control group (n=16) with a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.009)

Conclusions

COVID-19 is significantly associated with sexual dysfunction, even in mild or pauci-symptomatic clinical forms.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Health Belief Model (HBM) and vaccination during pandemics
Authors: Zartaloudi A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

With the COVID-19 pandemic recognized as a major threat to human health, promoting vaccination is of paramount importance to public health.

Objectives

To examine the association between factors of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, when a vaccine becomes available.

Methods

A literature review has been made through PubMed database.

Results

The HBM dimensions “perceived barriers”, “perceived benefits” and “perceived severity” were considered to be significant predictors of acceptance of vaccinations. The HBM constructs of cues to action (trust in third-party information sources), perceived severity of and susceptibility to COVID-19, and beliefs about the protection benefits of a COVID-19 vaccine, subsequently may elicit willingness to vaccinate. Individual predictors of vaccination were believing the vaccine is effective at preventing COVID-19, recalling their doctor recommending the vaccine. Common perceived barriers against vaccination included believing the vaccine could give people the virus, believing the vaccine can make individuals ill afterwards and preferring to develop immunity “naturally”. Patients who delayed and refused vaccine doses were more likely to have vaccine safety concerns and perceive fewer benefits associated with vaccines.

Conclusions

HBM is an effective tool for identifying facilitators and barriers to health behaviors. Health promotion should make use of the HBM, as the model provides a theoretically understanding of the dynamics that may enable the success of important health-related policy in the wake of COVID-19 and future pandemics and identifies the communication mechanisms that must be leveraged by governments and authorities in enforcing policy.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Is the management of acute confusional syndrome secondary to covid-19 pneumonia different from the management of confusional syndrome secondary to other causes?
Authors: Llimona González A. , Calls Samora M. , García Hernández D. , Oller Canet S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Acute Confusional Syndrome (ACS) is the most common neuropsychiatric complication in COVID-19 infection. Its management is still a challenge because the data and recommendations based on the evidence are limited.

Objectives

To describe the differential characteristics in the management of ACS in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia compared to ACS secondary to other causes.

Methods

We present a descriptive study that is has been carried out in 62 patients with ACS (26 of them diagnosed with COVID 19 pneumonia), who have required assessment by the liaison psychiatry service of Hospital del Mar between February and April, 2020. The sample was divided in 2 groups (with and without COVID 19 pneumonia). Chi square and Fisher’s tests were used to comparisons.

Results

Dexmetomidine (26 vs 0) and olanzapine (13 vs 3) were significantly more frequently used in COVID-19 patients (p< 0 001). A greater number of different antipsychotic drugs were used in COVID 19 patients (2.40± 1 323 number of drugs), (p<0.0001). Further neuroimaging tests were requested in COVID 19 patients and they received less family support (4) compared to non COVID-19 (22), (p<0.005).

Conclusions

ACS associated with COVID-19 pneumonia in the patients in our sample is more difficult to manage than ACS associated with other pathologies, similar to which described in other series. It is associated with a longer duration of confusional symptoms and difficulties for control it.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among breast cancer patients in East Avenue Medical Center
Authors: Castro O.K. , Ty S.F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Vaccine hesitancy has been an ongoing complex public issue in the Philippines posing threats to progress against preventable outbreaks and significant morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Patients with cancer were not included in the initial vaccine trials against COVID-19 hence the plausible explanation behind vaccine hesitancy in this population. This study attempts to determine the factors affecting a patient diagnosed with breast cancer to receive COVID-19 vaccine based on constructs from the Health Beliefs Model (HBM).

Objectives

To determine the factors affecting a Filipino diagnosed with breast cancer to receive COVID-19 vaccine, namely; perceived susceptibility and severity to COVID-19 and perceived benefits and barriers to getting a vaccination against COVID-19.

Methods

A single- center, descriptive, cross-sectional study in patients diagnosed with breast cancer was conducted to assess COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Results

A total of 85 eligible breast cancer patients were included in the analyses. Age, socio-economic factors, and presence of co-morbidities and metastasis were not significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Concerns on efficacy, safety, faulty or fake vaccine, as well as if the vaccine was taken by many in the public were significantly associated with hesitancy (p <0.05) when taken as individual factors. The perception of COVID-19 vaccine safety under the perceived barriers construct was found to be the only significant factor to predict vaccine hesitancy (OR= 4.737, CI 1.75, 12.82).

Conclusions

Interventions that focus on perceived barriers are most crucial in order to increase vaccination rate among breast cancer patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.