bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Workflow Approach to Manage Steamflood Operations
Authors: Jones J. A. , Dwivedi P.
Published: April 2018

A rapid, user-friendly & easily deployable workflow solution for managing steam flood operations & reservoir management is presented that combines day to day surveillance techniques with performance prediction that uses an analytical model for proactive management of operations.

The proposed workflow has been implemented in multiple projects (using public data and data provided by operators) to answer multiple critical questions like pattern response date, steam breakthrough time, expected peak rate from a pattern, arrival of the peak rate, underperforming or over-performing regions in a field, redistribution of the steam volumes, where to minimize steam oil ratio, classify patterns based on efficiency and so on.

It is built up on two core components. A set of diagnostic plots and data analytics that enable quick historical performance assessment of patterns as well as the surveillance of the current state of operations. Secondly, an analytical performance model by Jeff Jones is applied to model the oil production from the patterns (early time, mid-life and late pattern life) that serves as a fast-computational tool for practising engineers. This paper discusses the results from multiple fields on the application of proposed workflow and how it has assisted in field management and optimization. These methods are efficient and fast and more importantly user friendly for reservoir management of steamfloods.
Towards a Discontinuous Galerkin Thermohydromechanical Simulator for Heavy Oil Recovery
Authors: Meguerdijian S. , Jha B.
Published: April 2018

Thermohydromechanical effects can have significant impacts on the operations of heavy oil and geothermal fields. This motivates the use of accurate reservoir simulators in field development planning. Previously, simulation using continuous Galerkin methods was examined. However, these methods can experience difficulty in convection-dominated flow problems. Consequently, the discontinuous Galerkin method was considered as an alternative. The discontinuous Galerkin method's literature suggested the need to state a generalized, single-phase thermohydromechanical formulation to clarify previous work. This paper states this generalized formulation and performs a poromechanical benchmark of uniaxial compaction in FEniCS using the discontinuous Galerkin method. Additional work on extension to multiphase flow and the incorporation of thermal effects is needed.
Permeability Prediction in a Heterogeneous Reservoir Using Soft Computing Technologies
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxi , Popa Andrei , Ershaghi Iraj , Aminzadeh Fred , Casidy Steve
Published: April 2018

Permeability is one of the most important parameters in reservoir characterization. Core measurements are usually used to provide this information. However, core data can be limited in certain locations and is expensive to collect. Various methodologies have been used in the industry to predict permeability through porosity or other information with limited success. In this paper, a workflow has been proposed to first identify the relationship between well logging and core permeability data. Using various data mining methods, data preprocessing and filtration are conducted to detect outliers and to ensure the success of permeability prediction. A case study of a heterogenous reservoir has been conducted with this proposed method. Preprocessing results were compared with additional geological and geophysical information in order to understand data behavior. An artificial neural network was applied to train the model by using well logging information as the input and permeability values as the output. Different data normalization methods, input data combination, training function and different neural network architectures were tested in order to get better performance with reasonable time consumption. Prediction results showed consistency in predicted verses true permeability. The study showed that, for a rather heterogeneous reservoir, Artificial Intelligence can provide consistent permeability prediction with well logging data which can help in the decision-making process.

It should be noted that this study is not unique, similar work has been conducted and is available in the literature. What is noteworthy about this study is that this method provided a significantly improved permeability estimation compared to the classical regression models available in modeling software applications such as Geolog
Single Phase Microemulsions Applied to Oil Sands
Authors: Sharma P. , Kostarelos K. , Xiong X.
Published: April 2018

Extra–heavy oil sands deposits represent a significant part of the oil resources available all around the world. Current recovery techniques such as open pit mining, SAG-D, etc., are not very efficient and have been debated for their possible adverse effect on environment. We propose a method of oil recovery that has the potential of being a "game changer" for such resources: using cyclic injection of surfactant solutions forming single–phase microemulsion (m.e.) without mobilizing the oil. This type of m.e. has several advantages: it is less viscous than the extra heavy oil/bitumen; when the surfactant is injected, the m.e. can finger through the tar to a production well, where it will contain a high mass of heavy oil and can be transported without addition of diluent. This approach would use two parallel horizontal wells as an injector/producer pair so that injected surfactant solution would create viscous fingers/flow paths through the oil sands. The m.e. formed during the process would be produced in the second well. After transportation, the surfactant will need to be recovered from the m.e. and recycled for re-injection.

Phase behavior experiments such as surfactant screening, salinity scans and aqueous stability were conducted focusing on forming single phase m.e. Previous work aimed at single phase m.e. used coal tar as a model oil for phase behavior studies and flow experiments that yielded promising results. As a result of the previous work, new phase behavior studies were conducted using bitumen extracted from oil sands obtained from Alberta, Canada that are presented in this paper. Three flow experiments were conducted using a surfactant formulation selected based on the results of the phase behavior experiments to recover bitumen from the oil sands.

For bitumen, single phase m.e. was achieved with a mixture of internal olefin sulfonate and alcoxy sulfate (1:1) surfactants with alkali (sodium carbonate), with bitumen solubilization of the order of 300,000 ppm. The three flow experiments were conducted to explore two different flow schemes, to compare a synthetic oil sand (bitumen from oil sands mixed with OK-75 sand) with an actual oil sand, and to investigate the effects of two experimental setups. The recoveries from these flow experiments were lower than expected, only achieving a bitumen solubilization of the order of 10,000 ppm. The analyses of the results and possible reasons for lower recovery are discussed in the paper.

Surfactant solubilization method using single phase m.e., could provide an environment-friendly alternative to current recovery methods. It would also eliminate the need of adding solvents for transportation. While improved surfactant formulations could yield better recovery, the economic feasibility of the process will depend upon the final step—recovery of the surfactant from the produced m.e. Work is currently being conducted on several potential surfactant recovery processes.
Clay Stabilizers Performance in a Comprehensive Matrix of Bentonite and Silica Flour
Authors: Aften C. W.
Published: April 2018

A systematic study of various temporary and permanent clay stabilizers was conducted with assorted binary blends of bentonite and silica flour. A specific stabilizer's performance is directly correlated to the type and loading of the inhibitor and particular ratio of existing inorganic substrate. Results exhibited high performance correlation; response surface general topography is dependent upon the temporary or permanent characteristics of the stabilizer.

Studies comprised combined mixture, single numeric, optimal, design of experiment and performance test data gathering utilizing a low-pressure fluid loss cell. A predetermined concentration of unadulterated sodium bentonite and 325-mesh silica flour were blended into water at a specific RPM and duration in the presence of a particular stabilizer then placed into a the cell, sealed, and pressure was applied. Increased Darcy leak off slope values are reliable, accurate indicators of increased stabilizer performance thus each slope was calculated and plotted versus stabilizer dosage and inorganic substrate ratio.

KCl was studied from 0 to 8 weight percent and used as a comparative guide for all stabilizers tested with the balance tested in their "as is" state from 0.0 to 2.0 gallons per thousand gallons. Temporary stabilizers typically provided a consistent topography with respect to performance, with a 20/80 bentonite/ silica flour ratio yielding the highest performance. Bimodal maximum performance inorganic ratios were present for permanent stabilizers tested. KCl dosage offset lab results correlate well with reported field application results. At higher stabilizer loadings superior performance relative to KCl was evident.

Traditionally clay stabilizer selection is based upon Capillary Suction Time and Roller Oven testing methods. This alternate bentonite and silica flour comprehensive matrix clay stabilizer selection method is consistent, continuous, portable, field friendly and applicable over a wide range of stabilizer and variable inorganic matrix types.
Nanoparticle and Surfactant Oil/Water Emulsions - Is Different Treatment Required?
Authors: Gavrielatos I. , Dabirian R. , Mohan R. , Shoham O.
Published: April 2018

Experimental observations regarding the formation of oil-water emulsions stabilized by nanoparticles and surfactants during oil production operations are presented. Similarities and differences between the two types of emulsions are discussed based on acquired separation profiles, as well as respective fluid interfacial properties. A state-of-the-art, portable Dispersion Characterization Rig (P- DCR) is used to run the experiments and a surveillance camera is deployed to monitor emulsion separation kinetics. Commercial grade mineral oil and distilled water are used as the test fluids. Silica nanoparticles of different wettability and surfactants with different HLB values are deployed to investigate commonalities/differences between surfactant and nanoparticle stabilized emulsions.

Separation profiles were analyzed and similar behavior between the corresponding surfactant and nanoparticle emulsions was observed for the 25% water-cut case. For higher water-cuts, however, the surfactant stabilized emulsions were tighter than their nanoparticle counterparts, displaying much lower separation rates. In the most severe cases, the surfactants totally inhibited the oil creaming process and oil remained trapped in the emulsion for several hours. Multiple emulsions (O/W/O) were observed in certain cases (for hydrophilic nanoparticles and lipophilic surfactants (Span 80)). It appears, based on the aforementioned experimental observations, that the presence of surfactants can cause more severe problems to the oil-water separation process than the presence of an equal concentration of nanoparticles. Pendant drop measurements indicate that the surfactants can lower the interfacial tension between oil and water significantly, whereas the nanoparticles do not have a similar effect.

Current research sets the basis for more thorough investigations aimed at providing guidelines for more efficient operation of separators handling surfactant or nanoparticle stabilized emulsions and better understanding of related phenomena.
An Experimental Investigation into Gravel Pack Performance in Steam-Drive Operations
Authors: Roostaei Morteza , Kotb Omar , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Fattahpour Vahidoddin , Wang Chenxi , Nouri Alireza , Fermaniuk Brent
Published: April 2018

Open hole gravel pack (OHGP) has been broadly used for completion of steam-drive production wells. However, some failures have been observed with the gravel pack in such complex completions. This paper aims to better understand the OHGP performance in steam-drive production wells and examine the performance of rolled-top and straight-cut slotted liners using a large-scale Sand Retention Testing (SRT).

A large-scale SRT facility was developed to investigate the performance of the gravel pack in two-phase flow regime. The testing set-up allows for co-injection of oil and brine at controlled flow rate and water cut level to emulate different scenarios for two-phase flow across the gravel pack and sand screen/liner. Testing measurements included produced sand, absolute pressures, and differential pressure drops across the slotted liner, gravel pack, gravel-sand pack interface and sand pack. The test procedure and test matrix were designed to enable an accurate assessment of the gravel pack and slotted liner performance for different fluid flow scenarios. Rolled-top and straight-cut slotted liner coupons were used for this study.

Test results showed negligible sand production for both rolled-top and straight-cut slotted liners, however the produced sand was slightly higher for the rolled-top profile. The pressure drop across the rolled-top liners were smaller than the straight-cut liners based on the analytical analysis presented in this study. The results have also shown that a key factor in gravel packing performance is the ratio of the gravel pack size to the formation sand (sand pack) size. Larger gravels allow an easier production of the fines, while smaller gravels may trap the fines and be plugged over time.

This work provides a robust testing facility to address the gravel pack performance in steam-drive producer wells. The results help the engineers with gravel pack and sand control design and an evaluation for the entire wellbore life.
Case Studies of an Effective Methodology to Collect Formation Water to Meet Regulatory Requirements for Formation Water Sampling
Authors: Tran V. H. , Arismendi N. , Biswas T.
Published: April 2018

New underground injection control (UIC) regulatory activity come with challenges. California regulatory agencies have enhanced scrutiny on underground injection projects. One of the requirements under the California UIC regulations is to collect formation water samples and submit water analysis results together with the application package to confirm whether the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of a formation or aquifer is greater than 10,000 ppm, which is non-underground source of drinking water (non-USDW) under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA).

Various methodologies for collecting water samples were evaluated before selecting wireline tools, to collect water samples. The water samples were collected open-hole using downhole special wireline equipment with high technologies to analyze/detect not only fluid types being pumped through tool's flowline but also the contamination levels (due to mud filtrate invasion), to prove the representative formation fluid quality of the collected samples.

This paper summarizes water sampling methods using two different types of wirelines sampling tools from two different leading wireline contractors. Depending on the key sensors each tool has, strategies to detect contamination levels were studied and developed. The following executions and on-the-fly decision making have proved this sampling method is the most suitable and cost-effective for the specific regulatory required sampling.

Formation water samples were successfully collected with monitored contamination levels to prove the accuracy of the formation TDS of this sampling method compared to the log-derived TDS. This crucial data helps demonstrate the TDS and water quality in order to comply with California UIC requirements.

This is a new sampling method that had never been used in the San Joaquin Valley region for formation water sampling. Despite initial concerns from regulatory agencies about the accuracy of this method, the regulators have not only accepted this formation water sampling technology, but now advocate for its use by other operators.
A systematic assessment of the pro-poor reach of development bank investments in urban sanitation
Authors: Hutchings P. , Johns M. , Jornet D. , Scott C. , Van den Bossche Z.
Published: April 2018

This paper presents an assessment of development banks’ investment in urban sanitation between 2010 and 2017. It reveals an overall increase in investment, yet this falls short of bridging the significant financing gap in the sector. The paper also assesses the major areas of investment to show that, on the infrastructure side, 20 times more money is invested in sewerage than faecal sludge management, while on the enabling environment side, institutional capacity building is the most financed area. Using a new pro-poor assessment tool, an appraisal was made of the extent to which the investments were pro-poor. This analysis indicates that over half of investments, where an assessment could be made, were considered to be pro-poor, yet the use of the assessment tool reflects a lack of information within development bank reporting on the pro-poor nature of investments. Going forward, improving how development banks report on the pro-poor character of their investments would be a useful step for helping the sector assess the effectiveness of investments. The paper concludes by arguing that, despite progress, development banks should be even more ambitious in seeking to support pro-poor urban sanitation investments if the world is to overcome the urban sanitation challenge.
Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Channel on the Electrodes for the Development of Resonant Gate Transistor
Authors: Aqil Muhtade M. , Azam Mohd. A. , Latif Rhonira
Published: April 2018

Background:

New application can be obtained by the integration between carbon nanotube
technology Nano-Electro-Mechanical system (NEMs) and Micro-Electro-Mechanical system
(MEMs). The new application is a transistor, which uses carbon nanotube as the channel between
the source and drain, while MEMs resonator bridges are used as suspending gates.

Methods:

preparation process of the electrodes (source/drain), carbon nanotube growth between
electrodes and the characterization of carbon nanotube channel using Raman spectroscopy to study
the time and temperature effect on the quality of Carbon Nanotube channel (CNT-channel), field
emission scanning electron microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (FESEM) to study CNT
structure.

Results:

The result shows the increasing of quality with the increase of both temperature and time.
Carbon nanotubes exist between electrodes, and the growth direction follow ethanol direction from
source to drain. However, the carbon nanotube growth randomly not aligned. The channel between
electrodes were well etched, this has been approved by EDX result.

Conclusion:

The characterization confirmed the CNT presence between source and drain. Increasing
the growth temperature from 700 to 725 °C enhanced the quality of growing CNTs, which is
clearly shown from Raman information. While, increasing growth time decreased quality, but the
effect not that significant. FESEM characterization shows that CNT growth follows the ethanol
flow from source to drain randomly, while EDX result shows that the channel between the electrodes
was well etched and clear.
TREATMENT OF OLD ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURES
Authors: Koryshkov N. A. , Platonov S. M. , Larionov S. V. , Matveeva N. Y. , Koryshkova L. V.
Published: April 2018

From 1998 to 2010 32 patients (14 men, 18 women), aged 15-65 years, underwent surgical treatment for old Achilles tendon rupture. In all cases correct diagnosis was made not earlier than 1 month after injury. The importance of clinical Thompson test and sonographic examination for diagnosis of Achilles tendon rupture is underlined. For the restoration of Achilles tendon V-Y plasty was used. Surgery was performed in a period of 1 to 13 months in patients with subcutaneous Achilles tendon ruptures. Follow-up results of patients in the postoperative period ranged from 6 months to 10 years (mean follow-up 1 year 7 months). Date of observation in the postoperative period ranged from 6 months to 19 years. Marginal necrosis wound occurred in 3 (10%) patients, re-rupture of the Achilles tendon to tendon suture zone - in one patient, even in one patient on day 14 became infected. Violations of the foot innervation were no detected.
OPPORTUNITIES IN FORECASTING OF PURULENT COMPLICATIONS AT HIP REPLACEMENT IN OLDER PATIENTS
Authors: Tkachenko A. N. , Bakhtin M. Y. , Zharovskikh O. S. , Scherbakov A. A. , Topchiy P. A.
Published: April 2018

The study includes retrospective analysis of data of 520 old and senior age patients after hip replacement. 20 prognostically significant criteria of development of postoperative period purulence were identified. Registration of these criteria in prospective study (123 clinical observations) has helped to definitely reduce a frequency of purulent complications of operative wound in comparison with frequency in the group of retrospective studies (from 7,1% to 4,1% for the second group). Efficiency of the offered program has made 80%.
THE MANAGEMENT OF VIP-SYNDROME
Authors: Tikhilov R. M. , Koryachkin V. A. , Chupris V. G. , Lovchev A. Y. , Vasiliev Y. I.
Published: April 2018

The concept of VIP-syndrome and basic principles, which can prevent diagnostic and treatment errors, provide medical assistance to VIP-patient are described.
ANALYSIS OF INTENSITY OF PAIN SYNDROME DURING THE FIRST WALKING IN PATIENTS AFTER TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT JOINTS OF LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Koneva E. S. , Serebryakov A. B. , Kamalova E. G. , Shapovalenko T. V. , Tarbushkin A. A. , Lyadov K. V.
Published: April 2018

The aim of the study was to assess the severity of pain in patients after total replacement of joints of the lower extremities in the exercise of walking on the day of the surgery. Walking on the day of the operation was carried out for 46 patients the comparison group included 41 patients. As a result of the study, patients carrying walking on the day of operation, assessed the severity of pain in the 3.54+1.75 on a scale of pain NRS, and patients carrying walking on the next day after surgery 5.49+1.42 points. The results indicate not only the possibility of practical implementation of the function of walking on the day of operation, but also about the possibility of its implementation at a lower level of pain at the time of its implementationon the day of surgery.
ENERGY METABOLISM IN SKELETAL MUSCLES IN DOGS DURING TREATMENT OF SHIN FRACTURES WITH ILIZAROV’S TECHNIGUE
Authors: Stogov M. V. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: April 2018

Aim - to study the dynamics of the recovery of energy resources in the tibialis anterior (TA) in dogs after shin fractures. Material and methods. The concentration of energy metabolism substrates, the rate of glycolysis and glycogenolysis in TA in 25 dogs during the treatment of tibial fractures by Ilizarov were studied. The values parameters in the experimental animals were compared with values in the intact (non-operated) dogs. Results. The level of glycogen and glucose decreased in TA within 14 days of fixation. On the 28th day of fixing the level of these metabolites corresponded to the level in intact animals. By the end of fixation the rate of glycogen utilization in TA of experimental animals was significantly reduced relative to intact animals, and the rate of glucose utilization was unchanged, though all glucose was almost entirely utilized by aerobic way. A month after treatment there was an increase of glycogen levels in the TA and activity of lactatedehydrogenase MM-isoenzyme. When glycogen solution added to the cell-free culture of muscle the its considerable utilization and the pyruvate accumulation were found. Conclusions. Anaerobic energy metabolism of in the TA of injured segment have prevailed before the 14-th day after the injury, the aerobic energy metabolism - after 28-days. The phenomenon of growth of anaerobic energy metabolism in TA of injured segment within three months after treatment was revealed.
DOBBS’ METHOD IN TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH SEVERE CONGENITAL PLANOVALGUS DEFORMITY
Authors: Blandinskiy V. F. , Vavilov M. A. , Gromov I. V.
Published: April 2018

The article outlines Dobbs’ method in the treatment of children having heavy vertical talus. The results of 23 clinical observations of children with congenital planovalgus deformity of 38 feet during 11 years are examined. The age of patients ranged from 1 month to 13 years. 40 operations were performed on these patients. The analysis shows that the best results were achieved in the treatment of children (17 feet), who were previously treated with Dobbs’ method, which included step-wise plastering combined with minimally invasive surgical procedures and subsequent orthopedic regime of "life in braces". With the introduction of the method the frequency of open reduction of the talus in this group of patients in our clinic has substantially declined, so Kumar et al. and Coleman et al. surgical interventions are reserved for the treatment of children, whose feet deformities were detected too late or recurred due to lack of effectiveness of the Dobbs’ method.
THE ERRORS, COMPLICATIONS AND MEASURES FOR ITS PREVENTION IN THE TREATMENT OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL RECURRENT CLUBFOOT BY ILIZAROV METHOD
Authors: Leonchuk S. S. , Ivanov G. P. , Neretin A. S. , Martel I. I. , Shestakov V. A.
Published: April 2018

Objective. To analyze the errors and complications of treatment of school age children with congenital recurrent clubfoot, treated in RISC «RTO» by transosseous osteosyntesis. Material and methods. Within the period of 1999-2010 119 patients (148 feet) between the ages of 7 to 18 years with congenital recurrent clubfoot were treated by the Ilizarovs method. Patients of this group, along with holding the wires on the shin and foot, corresponding to the Ilizarov fixator assembly, received surgical procedures on soft tissue, osteotomy and stabilizing operations. Results. In the course of treatment complications were observed in 22 patients, accounted for 18.5% of the total number of patients. All complications were typical for transosseous osteosynthesis, eliminated during a course of treatment and did not affect his final result. Conclusion. Adherence to the methodical principles of transosseous osteosynthesis by Ilizarov in the surgical treatment of patients of school age with recurrent congenital clubfoot and rational management of patients in the postoperative period is the prevention of complications and contributes to achieving good results.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PARALYTIC SEVERE CLUBFOOT OF SEVERE DEGREE IN ADULTS (CLINICAL PRACTICE CASE)
Authors: Mukhamadeyev A. A. , Koryshkov N. A. , Balayan V. D. , Grazhdanov K. A.
Published: April 2018

The short-term result of treatment of the patient with an severe clubfoot who underwent a surgical treatment is represented. Besides the patient suffered from talipes varus and short cavovarus deformity which were eliminated during the surgery. To eliminate a multicomponent talipes a technique of two-stage surgical treatment of the given severe pathology devised in SarNIITO was used. It made it possible to achieve a complete elimination of the talipes, a high-grade restoration of anatomy and functions of the ankle, and in the future it will allow to improve life quality of the particular patient.
OSSEOINTEGRATION IN RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY: CONTEMPORARY STATE AND PERSPECTIVES OF FURHTHER DEVELOPMENT (REVIEW)
Authors: Shevtsov M. A. , Galibin O. V. , Yudintceva N. M. , Blinova M. I. , Pinaev G. P. , Scherbina K. K. , Shvedovchenko I. V. , Pitkin M.
Published: April 2018

Method of intraosseous prosthesis based on the principle of osseointegration that was introduced by Prof. Per-Ingvar Branemark is one of the most perspective approaches in contemporary reconstructive surgery This method helps to achieve increased functional activity and to improve patients quality of life in comparison to conventional treatment. In presented article the results of prosthetic treatment of amputees of different localizations, application of this technology in cranio-fascial surgery, finger joint prostheses are discussed.
COLLISIONS IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF SLAP LESIONS
Authors: Yevsyeyenko V. G. , Zazirniy I. M.
Published: April 2018

There is no agreement among experts on the classification of injury of o the long head tendon of biceps brachii in the area of its attachment to the shoulder blade. Some authors take the Snyder’s classification as basis; others describe it as a separate injury. The authors presented the review of existing classifications of the labrum shoulder injury (so-called SLAP lesions) and traumas of the tendon of the long head biceps.
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE MICROSURGERY IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PATHOLOGY OF LARGE JOINTS OF EXTREMITIES
Authors: Kutyanov D. I. , Rodomanova L. A. , Kochish A. Y.
Published: April 2018

Objective: this study aimed to develop approaches to the use of plastic and reconstructive microsurgery in the treatment of patients with pathology of the large joints of extremities. Material and methods. We have studied the results of surgical treatment of 253 patients with injures and diseases of large joints of extremities. All the patients were treated in Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. R.R.Vreden (Saint-Petersburg, Russia) within the period from 2000 to 2011. All the patients had pedicled flap transfer (65,7%) or free tissue transfer (34,3%). 105 patients (41,5%) had additionally various orthopedic operations on joints: primary or revision total arthroplasty, resections of bony tumors and total knee arthroplasty, arthrodesis and internal fixation. Results and conclusions. Microsurgical operations in patients with pathology of large joints of extremities mainly aimed to correct various pathological changes of tissues located in this particular area. In cases of scarry deformations and defects of tissues located in the area of joint microsurgical technologies increase the opportunities for fulfilling total arthroplasty and improve its results as well as results of other orthopedic operations. At the same time microsurgical technologies may be used as preparative operations, single-step maneuvers and operations fulfilled in case of development of local infectious complications.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL IMPAIRED FORMATION OF VERTEBRAE IN THE LUMBAR SPINE
Authors: Vissarionov S. V. , Kartavenko K. A. , Golubev K. E. , Batpenov N. D. , Abdaliev S. S.
Published: April 2018

A description of the surgical correction technology and the results of surgical treatment of 26 patients with an isolated violation of the vertebrae formation (lateral and posterolateral hemivertebra) at the lumbar spine in Russia and Kazakhstan are presented. The age of patients ranged from 1 year 6 months to 8 years 4 months. After instrumental correction of spinal deformity on the background of the lateral hemivertebrae scoliosis angle ranged from 0 to 6°. The degree of correction ranged from 94 to 100%. After extirpation of the posterolateral hemivertebrae the residual angle of scoliotic deformity ranged from 0 to 4° (average 2,5°), the degree of correction ranged from 95 to 100%, the kyphotic angle of the component from 9 to -6° (average 2,2°). Results were studied in terms from 2 to 7 years after surgery.
MONOLATERAL LOW-INVASIVE TREATMENT OF HUMERAL SHAFT FRACTURE IN CHILDREN
Authors: Kuzmin V. P. , Tarasov S. O. , Popov I. N. , Mironov S. V. , Voytenkov A. F. , Kononir N. N. , Krylova N. N.
Published: April 2018

Humeral fractures in children are from 4 up to 10% of the general number of child fractures. Recently the trend is marked to expansion of indications to operative treatment despite of mainly conservative treatment of humeral shaft fractures. The experience of humeral shaft fractures operative treatment with use of Ender nails was analyzed. 8 humeral bones were treated with use of 2 nails, 15 humeral bones - with use of 1 nail only. The good and excellent results were received in both groups of patients. At the same time group with monolateral osteosynthesis (with 1 nail) had statistically significant (p
RECENT VIEW AT UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY AMONG OTHER SURGICAL APPROACHES TO PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Kornilov N. N. , Kulyaba T. A. , Phedorov R. E.
Published: April 2018

In the article recent publications dedicated to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty are analyzed. Evolution of indications and contraindications, mid- and late term results, difference in functional outcomes in comparison with total knee arthroplasty are discussed. Taking into consideration all relevant information unicompartmental knee arthroplasty may be considered as effective and reliable method of treatment of patients with knee osteoarthrosis and osteonecrosis.
PREDICTION OF THE DURATION OF DISTRACTION REGENERATED BONE MATURATION
Authors: Tushina N. V. , Stogov M. V. , Kononovich N. A. , Yemanov A. A.
Published: April 2018

Aim of the study the characteristics of changes of serum biochemical parameters in dogs with delayed maturation of the distraction regenerate after surgical lengthening the leg bones by Ilizarov. The comparative analysis of biochemical changes in blood serum of animals with delayed regenerated bone osteogenesis after surgical leg bone lengthening according to Ilizarov has been made in the work. The development of persistent and marked hypocalcemia, significant accumulation of blood serum nonoxidized degradation products during limb bone surgical lengthening according to Ilizarov have been revealed to be adverse signs evidencing of the high probability of the disorder of further formation of the regenerated bone and its subsequent maturation at the stage of fixation.
CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS OF GAIT
Authors: Yefimov A. P.
Published: April 2018

Researches of biomechanical parameters of gait are carried out at flatfoot, arthritis deformans and consequences of fractures of the lower extremities by an accelerography (study group consisted of 2988 persons). The method is applicable for studying push functions of the lower extremities - sharpness. Results are issued in the form of the table push the accelerations registered in various sites of a body in norm and at flatfoot. The gait accelerograms are presented in norm and at consequences of fractures and arthritis deformans. The analysis of results is carried out. The most informative biomechanics parameters of gait are allocated: angular speed for joints (hailstones/sek); acceleration angular and linear - for muscles (m/sek2); sharpness - for bones (m/sek3). Besides in conclusions amortization functions of the spring arch of foot and muscles of feet and a backbone are reflected, at a pathology directed on decrease push loadings on a head and a brain that is especially appreciable at expressed flatfoot. Thus the biomechanics of movements of a head integrity reflects all set compensative and the adaptive phenomena in locomotors system at a pathology and is an informative indicator of locomotion symmetry Locomotion character makes considerable impact on head and brain biomechanics in norm and at a pathology.
REVISION HIP ARTHROPLASTY WITH USE OF THE CEMENTLESS ZWEYMULLER ENDOPROSTHESIS COMPONENTS (BICON, SL AND SLR-PLUS)
Authors: Zagorordniy N. V. , Kagramanov S. V. , Chragyan G. A.
Published: April 2018

108 revisions from 721 revision surgeries were performed with using BICON-PLUS cup and SL and SLR-PLUS stems in the arthroplasty department of CITO. Average age of patients was 57.2 years (24-77). 45 patients, whose underwent acetabular revision with use of BICON-PLUS cup, had type 1(1 patient), type 2 А-В (24 patients) and type 2С-3А (20patients) acetabular defects in according to W. Paprosky. 66 patients were revised with using of SL and SLR-PLUS stems. There were type 2 in 10 patients, type 3А (34 patients), type 3В (19 patients), type 4 (3 patients) femoral defects in according to W. Paprosky classification. Indications and contra-indications to implantation BICON-PLUS cup, surgical technique features and the bone grafting method of acetabular defects are described. Follow-up period ranges from 3 months till 10 years. There are received 1.8% excellent results, 45.4% good, 47.2% satisfactory and 5.5% unsatisfactory results with Harris’s Hip Score.
DEVICE FOR REMOVAL OF INADVERTENTLY LEFT DRAINAGE TUBE IN THE FIELD OF SURGERY
Authors: Mamedov A. A. , Turkov P. S.
Published: April 2018

The paper presents a description of the device for removal of surgical drains, developed at Novosibirsk RITO, and the experience of its application at the Department of Joint Replacement and Endoscopic Surgery. The device enables to remove a drainage tube or its fragments from a surgical site completely and with minimal damage to surrounding soft tissues in case of its breakage or a threat of breakage. This prevents revision surgery to remove the drain or its fragment, and eliminates the possibility of secondary infection of the wound and complication development.
ARTHROSCOPIC CORRECTION OF THE INJURIES OF THE COMPLEX «TENDON OF THE BICEPS LONG HEAD - THE ARTICULAR LIP» IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FULL-LAYER RUPTURES OF THE ROTATOR CUFF
Authors: Dokolin S. Y. , Kuz'mina V. I. , Bazarov I. S. , Kislitsyn M. A.
Published: April 2018

Damage of the long head of the biceps at the place of attachment to the articular tubercle supraglenoidal lip of shoulder, to the entrance and throughout intertubercle furrows are common causes of pain and dysfunction of the shoulder joint. At the same clinical manifestations of the morphology of such lesions may be different. The current literature discusses various options of surgical correction of the biceps injury. Variety of methods of surgical treatment and the lack of consensus in support of their application in different patients in different types of injuries were the basis for the present study. A prospective analysis of the functional results of surgical treatment of the 34 - year’s patients with associated rotator cuff (SSP+ISP+SSC+) and the tendon of the biceps muscle in age from 34 to 75 years. Options for surgical correction of the damaged part of the biceps were: biceps tenotomy, biceps tenotomy with intraarticular tenodez of the shoulder to the head before entering intertubercle furrow, biceps tenotomy and extraarticular subpectorialtenodez to the proximal humerus is intertubercle interferrent screw groove, as well as its attachment to the tendon suture large pectoral muscle. Choice of surgical approach depended on the patient's age, level of daily physical activity, morphology and localization of lesions. The best results were obtained when the extra-articular subpectorialtenodez of long head of the biceps to the proximal humerus interferrent screw and suture fixation to the pectoralis major muscle, the average follow-up was 16,6 ± 4,7 months.
THE RESULTS OF THE CLINICAL USE OF A NEW METHOD OF OSTEOSYNTHESIS WITH NON-FREE BONE AUTOPLASTY AT THE MEDIAL FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES
Authors: Tikhilov R. M. , Karelkin V. V. , Kochish A. Y. , Kornilov B. M.
Published: April 2018

Objective - to improve treatment outcomes in patients with medial fractures of the femoral neck through the development and introduction into clinical practice a new method of fixation with non-free plastic by the autograft from the iliac crest on a permanent muscular-vascular pedicle. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of short- and long-term results of surgical treatment of 57 patients with medial fractures of the femoral neck, which were divided into primary and control groups. The study group included 24 patients who have undergone an osteosynthesis with cannulated screws with additional autoplasty with vascularized graft from the iliac crest. The control group consisted of 33 patients who underwent fixation with cannulated screws for the traditional method. Results. The use of non-free bone autoplasty in the main group of patients provided the best short- and long-term outcomes: fracture healing occurred in all cases in a period of 6 to 8 months. The long-term results of treatment of 22 patients after 2-6 years after the operation showed comparatively better anatomical functional outcomes. Conclusions. The indications for the clinical use of the fixation with the non-free bone autotransplantation are prognostically unfavorable for the union medial fractures of the femoral neck (II-III types by Pauwels or III-IV types by Garden) in patients aged under 60 years with no signs of deforming arthrosis II-III stages.
TECHNOLOGIES OF PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE MICROSURGERY IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PATHOLOGY OF HIP REGION
Authors: Tikhilov R. M. , Kutyanov D. I. , Rodomanova L. A. , Kochish A. Y.
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study aimed to determine the capabilities of plastic and reconstructive microsurgery in treatment of patients with traumas and diseases of hip. Material and methods: We have studied the results of surgical treatment of 10 patients with pathology of hip. All the patients were treated in Vreden Russian Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (Saint-Petersburg, Russia) within the period from 2000 to 2011. All the patients had pedicled flap transfer (10 cases) or free tissue transfer (1 case). 6 patients had additionally primary or revision total hip replacement. Results and conclusions: Microsurgical operations mainly aimed to correct various pathological changes of soft tissues and to cure infectious process in hip area. It was stated that microsurgical operations themselves is an effective method of treatment of wide neurotrophic sores located in the area of hip joint as well as hematogenic osteomyelitis of hip joint. Only microsurgical technologies provide opportunities for successful total hip replacement in patients with combined pathology of para-articular soft tissues and bones.
CLUBFOOT RECCURENCES AFTER THE TREATMENT BY PONSETI
Authors: Blandinskiy V. F. , Vavilov M. A. , Gromov I. V.
Published: April 2018

Congenital clubfoot is one of the most frequent pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. The treating of clubfoot by Ponseti gives promising results and complete correction of the deformity in 90-95% of patients sparing them from extensive surgery. In the Yaroslavl Regional Children's Hospital from May 2006 to December 2007 54 children (83 feet) with severe congenital clubfoot were treated. Treatment for all patients was initiated at the age of 1 year. With remote monitoring for 5 years recurrences were noted in 19.3% of cases. Despite its high efficacy in patients under the age of three years, non-compliance of brace wearing results in the number of recurrences and require re-gypsum. In older children (3 to 5 years) the treatment by Ponseti is supplemented by transfer of tibialis anterior muscle tendon. In cases of postoperative recurrence of the treatment program is complemented by local releases and arthrodesis.
Staged bilateral ankle arthroplasty for the treatment of patient with severe defect of the talus (case report)
Authors: Mikhaylov K. S. , Emelyanov V. G. , Bulatov A. A.
Published: April 2018

Ankle arthroplasty is known to become more successful procedure versus ankle fusion in patients with ankle osteoarthritis. This article represents a clinical case of performing three-staged bilateral ankle arthroplasty by means of HINTEGRA and Mobility implants in a patient with severe defect of the talus. The patient was followed up for 2 years for right ankle and 4 years - for left ankle. The correct treatment strategy gave the patient a new lease of life. He resumed sports activities, being pain-free in both the ankle joints.
Comparative outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with Impression fractures of the calcaneus
Authors: Golubev G. S. , Dubinskiy A. V.
Published: April 2018

Current prospective investigation with historical control was performed to compare functional results of less invasive surgical treatment of calcaneal comminuted fractures with ordinary surgical methods. Data of 40 patients is being analyzed. One patient was lost for follow up. Patients have been divided to four subgroups according to used surgical technologies. Groups differ by trauma on reposition and method of fracture’s fixation: open reduction and plating (ORIF), cannulated screws with triple thread (FusiFix), external fixation, other (diafixation, ordinary cortical or metaphyseal screws). Foot function was estimated by FAOS scale between 1 and six and more years after surgery. Combination of modified principles of reposition after Essex - Lopresti, using of original instrument set and C-arc with FusiFix stable fixation enables minimal complications add ratio. This method also creates good possibilities for foot functional recovery (average normalized FAOS index is 92 after 1 year comparatively to 60 (ORIF) and 57(ExFix)).
Diagnostics and surgical treatment of vertebral osteoporosis
Authors: Shchedrenok V. V. , Zuev I. V. , Topolskova N. V. , Anikeev N. V. , Orlov S. V. , Sebelev K. I. , Chizhova M. V. , Moguchaya O. V.
Published: April 2018

The retrospective analysis of clinical and radiological diagnostics of 76 patients with vertebral osteoporosis among which women prevailed (82.9%) is carried out. The average age was 57,7 ± 5,3 years. The complex diagnostics consists of the survey x-ray,the x-ray absorptiometry, the quantitative computed tomography, spiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging procedure. The quantitative computed tomography is characterized by the highest diagnostic information value (sensitivity - 99.4%, specificity - 99.5% and the accuracy - 99.3%). Surgical treatment consisted in rigid (7.9%) and dynamic (10.5%) vertebral fixation and puncture vertebroplasty (81.6%), which was consist in a dereception of underlying facet joints with introduction into it the solution consisting in equal quantities of local anesthetic and alcohol 70° (1.5-2.0 ml). The optimized technique of vertebroplasty with an additional dereception of facet joints allows to increase the level of social rehabilitation of patients by 10.2% with full regress of a pain syndrome.
Clinical variants of upper limbs deformities in children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
Authors: Agranovich O. E. , Lakhina O. L.
Published: April 2018

From 2004 to 2012 the authors examined and treated 207 patients with upper limb deformities due to AMC. The age of children with AMC was from 5 months till 18 years. All upper limbs deformities due to AMC were deviated into 2 groups: isolated and complex forms. The isolated forms differ from each other by the level of damage of the spinal cord. There are 4 variants of isolated form with different clinical presentations (C6-7, C5-7, C5-T1, С6). The complex form presents AMC in combination with other pathology: Erb’s palsy, cerebral palsy and congenital upper limbs anomalies. The identification variants of upper limbs deformities in patients with AMC help to choose the optimal variant of treatment and predict the results of treatment.