bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Methods from Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Stiffness-mediated Metastasis
Authors: Sneider Alexandra , Liu Ying , Starich Bartholomew , Du Wenxuan , Nair Praful R. , Marar Carolyn , Faqih Najwa , Ciotti Gabrielle E. , Kim Joo Ho , Krishnan Sejal , Ibrahim Salma , Igboko Muna , Locke Alexus , Lewis Daniel M. , Hong Hanna , Karl Michelle N. , Vij Raghav , Russo Gabriella C. , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Habibi Mehran , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Gu Luo , Eisinger-Mathason T.S. Karin , Wirtz Denis
Published: May 2024

Additional Methods
Figure S4 from Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Stiffness-mediated Metastasis
Authors: Sneider Alexandra , Liu Ying , Starich Bartholomew , Du Wenxuan , Nair Praful R. , Marar Carolyn , Faqih Najwa , Ciotti Gabrielle E. , Kim Joo Ho , Krishnan Sejal , Ibrahim Salma , Igboko Muna , Locke Alexus , Lewis Daniel M. , Hong Hanna , Karl Michelle N. , Vij Raghav , Russo Gabriella C. , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Habibi Mehran , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Gu Luo , Eisinger-Mathason T.S. Karin , Wirtz Denis
Published: May 2024

Plastic EVs have different biodistribution compared to stiff and soft EVs.
FIGURE 4 from Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Stiffness-mediated Metastasis
Authors: Sneider Alexandra , Liu Ying , Starich Bartholomew , Du Wenxuan , Nair Praful R. , Marar Carolyn , Faqih Najwa , Ciotti Gabrielle E. , Kim Joo Ho , Krishnan Sejal , Ibrahim Salma , Igboko Muna , Locke Alexus , Lewis Daniel M. , Hong Hanna , Karl Michelle N. , Vij Raghav , Russo Gabriella C. , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Habibi Mehran , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Gu Luo , Eisinger-Mathason T.S. Karin , Wirtz Denis
Published: May 2024

Stiff EVs promote cancer cell migration and dissemination. A, Schematic of 2-day GFP+ zebrafish embryo model system used to test the ability of MDA-MB-231 EVs (red, filled triangles) to disperse MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (blue, open triangles). Scale bar, 100 µm. B, Full zebrafish body images of the embryos at time 0 and 24 hours postinjection of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. Scale bar, 100 µm. Representative images. C, Enlarged images of disseminated MDA-MB-231 cells (white) and EVs (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. Representative images. D, Percentage of injected embryos with cancer cell dissemination to the head or the tail. Total number of fish per condition is 47 for PBS control, 63 for 25 kPa, and 78 for 0.5 kPa condition. Five biological repeats of EVs. One-way ANOVA.
FIGURE 3 from Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Stiffness-mediated Metastasis
Authors: Sneider Alexandra , Liu Ying , Starich Bartholomew , Du Wenxuan , Nair Praful R. , Marar Carolyn , Faqih Najwa , Ciotti Gabrielle E. , Kim Joo Ho , Krishnan Sejal , Ibrahim Salma , Igboko Muna , Locke Alexus , Lewis Daniel M. , Hong Hanna , Karl Michelle N. , Vij Raghav , Russo Gabriella C. , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Habibi Mehran , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Gu Luo , Eisinger-Mathason T.S. Karin , Wirtz Denis
Published: May 2024

Stiff EVs show increased biodistribution and retention in vivo.A, Schematic of EV isolation and staining prior to tail-vein injection of 10 µg of EVs in nude mice. NIR imaging (B) and mean SNR (C) of MDA-MB-231 vesicle biodistribution in dorsal, left, ventral, and right sides (mean ± SEM). Signal intensity is in arbitrary units (a.u.). Three mice in 0.5 kPa condition, and four in 25 kPa condition; one-way ANOVA. NIR imaging (D) and mean SNR biodistribution (E) in the lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and bone/bone marrow (mean ± SEM). Signal intensity is in arbitrary units (a.u.). Three mice in MDA-MB-231 0.5 kPa condition and four in 25 kPa condition; one-way ANOVA. F, MDA-MB-231 EV binding assay to ECM proteins collagen type I, collagen type IV, and laminin (mean ± SEM). Three biological repeats for collagen type I and collagen type IV; five for laminin. Paired t test.
A new, apparently lotic species of Relictorygmus from the Northern Cape Kamiesberg, South Africa (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Cylominae)
Authors: BILTON DAVID T. , MLAMBO MUSA C.
Published: May 2024

Relictorygmus Seidel, Minoshima, Arriaga-Varela & Fikáček, 2018, the only known African genus of the hydrophilid subfamily Cylominae, currently includes two lentic species from the far southwestern Cape of South Africa. Here Relictorygmus riparius sp. nov. is described, based on specimens collected from wet moss beside a small mountain stream in the Kamiesberg, Northern Cape Province, South Africa, almost 500 km from previously known taxa and the first lotic member of the genus. The new species is compared with the two previously described Relictorygmus, R. trevornoahi Seidel, Minoshima, Arriaga-Varela & Fikáček, 2018 and R. repentinus (Hebauer, 2002) and notes are provided on its ecology at the type locality. This unexpected find suggests that other cylomines may remain undetected in southern Africa, particularly since they can easily be mistaken for species of the morphologically similar, but distantly related, Coelostoma Brullé, 1835.
Pseudochroaptomus ecuadoriensis—a new genus and species of Philonthina and its systematic placement (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
Authors: CHANI-POSSE MARIANA RAQUEL , RAMÍREZ-SALAMANCA JOSÉ MANUEL , GUALDRÓN-DÍAZ JULIETTE CRISTINA
Published: May 2024

Pseudochroaptomus ecuadoriensis Chani-Posse et al., a new genus and species of the subtribe Philonthina (tribe Staphylinini) from the Tropical Andes of Ecuador, is described and illustrated. A dataset of 35 morphological characters scored for 23 taxa representing main clades of Philonthina, with focus on the Neotropical lineage and its subclades was prepared and analysed by maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. Both analytical methods unambiguously placed Pseudochroaptomus as the sister-group of Chroaptomus Sharp.
Description of a new species of the genus Atanycolus Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing Lamprodila nobilissima bellula (Lewis) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in China
Authors: CAO LIANG-MING , XIE JI-YU , WANG XIN-GENG , WANG XIAO-YI , POLAND THERESE M. , PETRICE TOBY R. , YANG ZHONG-QI
Published: May 2024

Atanycolus yangi sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a new species parasitizing the flatheaded wood borer, Lamprodila nobilissima bellula (Lewis) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is described. Lamprodila nobilissima bellula is a serious wood boring pest of Rosacea trees in North China. We collected adult specimens of A. yangi sp. nov. searching for hosts on infested tree trunks and confirmed the host-parasitoid association by dissecting parasitized hosts from infested trees in the field and rearing the parasitoid from L. nobilissima bellula -infested host tree logs in the laboratory. Adult images for both sexes of the new parasitoid species are provided. A morphological identification key to Oriental and Palaearctic species similar to A. yangi sp. nov is also presented.
Harold C. Slavkin: A Transformative Leader of Our Times
Authors: Kleinman D.V. , Alfano M.C. , Chai Y. , D’Souza R.N.
Published: May 2024

Harold (Hal) C. Slavkin, DDS, the 22nd president of the American Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (1993 to 1994), died on December 22, 2023. During a career that spanned almost 6 decades, Hal distinguished himself as an international authority on craniofacial biology and an advocate for oral health equity. He served as dean of the University of Southern California’s dental school, founded the school’s Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, created the nation’s first PhD program in craniofacial biology, and served as the sixth director of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Hal’s studies of the molecular and cellular underpinnings of craniofacial malformations prepared him to champion translational research later in his career, when his work with patient advocates revealed the importance of applying new discoveries to clinical practice. A visionary thinker, skilled administrator, progressive educator, compelling communicator, researcher, scholar, and mentor, Hal was known as a Renaissance leader. He rejoiced in fostering collaborative synergies among people and organizations. Throughout his life, family was his central grounding force. He and his wife, Lois, advanced a wide range of social and community initiatives and took great pride in their children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. We remember Hal for his indelible spirit, unflappable enthusiasm for science, fierce advocacy for social justice, and infectious zest for life. Here, we outline his multidimensional accomplishments through the lenses of academia, government, and nonprofit organizations. Although it is with heavy hearts that we bid goodbye to this remarkable man, our spirits are lightened by the many gifts he left behind.
The hemp-reinforced polypropylene composite: Effect of the alkaline and coupling agents treatment
Authors: Metanawin Siripan , Charoenchan Maneerat , Metanawin Tanapak
Published: May 2024

The hemp-reinforced polypropylene composite was produced by the twin-screw extrusion in the presence of polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) and silane as coupling agents and subsequence by the compression molding. The hemp fiber was obtained by sodium hydroxide treatment prior to the twin-screw extruder. The PP/Hemp composite was analyzed using a universal testing machine, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of the PP/MA/Hemp demonstrated a better result than that of PP/Si/Hemp in most hemp contents. The SEM images of the PP/MA/Hemp exhibited excellent interfacial bonding in PP/MA/Hemp30 without fiber pullouts. However, the fiber breakage and some fiber pullout with gaps around the fiber of PP/Si/Hemp indicate the poor bonding of the PP matrix. The functional group of the PP/Hemp composite showed the –OH cellulose result peak of the reaction between hemp fibers and polypropylene.
Factors Associated With Postoperative Complications in Patients Who Underwent Parotidectomy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Alqaryan Saleh , Aldokhayel Fares , Alotaibi Mohammed , Alnasser Abdulaziz , Alabdulqader Abdullah , Alessa Mohammed , Aldhahri Saleh , Alqahtani Khalid
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of complications after parotidectomy and identify factors associated with these complications. Methods: Data from patients who underwent parotidectomy for neoplasms in 2 tertiary centers were analyzed. Patient characteristics and postoperative complications were collected. Demographics, diabetes, and smoking status were evaluated using descriptive statistics. The prevalence of complications was determined and associations with smoking, surgical type, preoperative facial nerve involvement, final pathology, and Milan category were examined using chi-squared and correlation analyses. Results: Majority of patients were male (59.5%), falling within the age range of 31 to 50 years (42.7%). The most common complication was facial nerve weakness (23.6%), followed by seroma (19.1%), ear numbness (17.3%), and tumor recurrence (8.7%). Xerostomia demonstrated a correlation with smoking, while more invasive types of surgery showed associations with surgical site infection and tumor recurrence. Malignant disease on the final pathology and higher Milan category exhibited links with salivary fistula. No clear associations were found between preoperative facial nerve involvement and any of the complications. Age and body mass index (BMI) did not demonstrate significant correlations with complications. Conclusions: This study highlights the prevalence and associations of postparotidectomy complication. Facial nerve weakness was the most common followed by seroma and ear numbness. Smoking was correlated with xerostomia, while more invasive type of surgery was correlated with infection and recurrence. Age and BMI did not have associations. Personalized approaches and understanding factors for effective management are important. Further research is recommended to validate the outcome and understand the recovery from parotidectomy.
The Association Between Stress and Symptomatic Tinnitus: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Yan Jiangyu , Wu Linrong , Lv Yuan , Pan Fangfang
Published: May 2024

Background: Tinnitus can severely impair people’s quality of life. Stress has been involved in the pathogenesis of multiform mental disorders. Tinnitus-related annoying symptoms have a negative effect on the life quality of tinnitus sufferers. Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the association between stress and the symptomatic tinnitus. Methods: A total of 183 participants were categorized into 3 groups, depending on the presence of tinnitus-related symptoms. All participants underwent audiological examination, and their demographic data were collected via a questionnaire. Furthermore, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), the Tinnitus Handicapped Inventory (THI), and Tinnitus Questionnaire were filled by tinnitus patients. Results: The mean SRRS score in symptomatic (tinnitus-related symptoms) group was higher than that in asymptomatic group and the control group ( P < .001), meanwhile no difference in this score was reported between asymptomatic group and control group. SRRS score (Grade 2) is an independent risk factor for symptomatic tinnitus. The SRRS score were positively correlated with THI scores. Conclusions and Significance: Stress is related to the occurrence of symptomatic tinnitus.
The Magic Word? Face-Work and the Functions of Please in Everyday Requests
Authors: Chalfoun Andrew , Rossi Giovanni , Stivers Tanya
Published: May 2024

Expressions of politeness such as please are prominent elements of interactional conduct that are explicitly targeted in early socialization and are subject to cultural expectations around socially desirable behavior. Yet their specific interactional functions remain poorly understood. Using conversation analysis supplemented with systematic coding, this study investigates when and where interactants use please in everyday requests. We find that please is rare, occurring in only 7 percent of request attempts. Interactants use please to manage face-threats when a request is ill fitted to its immediate interactional context. Within this, we identify two environments in which please prototypically occurs. First, please is used when the requestee has demonstrated unwillingness to comply. Second, please is used when the request is intrusive due to its incompatibility with the requestee’s engagement in a competing action trajectory. Our findings advance research on politeness and extend Goffman’s theory of face-work, with particular salience for scholarship on request behavior.
Impact of diabetes on short-term outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Krasivskyi Ihor , Ivanov Borko , Msallati Zakaria , Großmann Clara , Gerfer Stephen , Mihaylova Mariya , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Origel Romero Christian , Djordjevic Ilija , Wahlers Thorsten , Bakhtiary Farhad , Sabashnikov Anton
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with concomitant comorbidities, such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is the optimal therapy in diabetic patients with triple vessel disease. DM is also known to be a relevant risk factor for higher morbidity and mortality in patients who underwent elective CABG procedures. Data regarding outcomes in diabetic patients in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is heterogeneous. This study aimed to investigate the impact of DM on short-term outcomes in patients who underwent CABG surgery in ACS.

Methods

A retrospective propensity score matched (PSM) analysis of 1370 patients who underwent bypass surgery for ACS between June 2011 and October 2019 was conducted. All patients were divided into two groups: non-diabetic group ( n = 905) and diabetic group ( n = 465). In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were perioperative myocardial infarction, new onset dialysis, reopening for bleeding and duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. A subgroup analysis of patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin dependent DM was also performed.

Results

After performing PSM analysis, baseline characteristics and the preoperative risk profile were comparable between both groups. The proportion of patients who underwent total arterial revascularization ( p = .048) with the use of both internal thoracic arteries ( p < .001) was significantly higher in the non-diabetic group. The incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction ( p = .048) and new onset dialysis ( p = .008) was significantly higher in the diabetic group. In-hospital mortality was statistically ( p = .907) comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion

DM was associated with a higher incidence of adverse outcomes, however with comparable in-hospital mortality in patients who underwent CABG procedure for ACS.
“Walk me through the final day”: A thematic analysis study on the family caregiver experience of the Medical Assistance in Dying procedure day
Authors: Nissim Rinat , Chu Paige , Stere Alison , Tong Eryn , An Ekaterina , Selby Debbie , Bean Sally , Isenberg-Grzeda Elie , Rodin Gary , Li Madeline , Hales Sarah
Published: May 2024

Background:

Legalization of assisted dying is progressively expanding worldwide. In Canada, the Medical Assistance in Dying Act became law in 2016. As assisted dying regulations evolve worldwide, comprehending its subjective impact and broader consequences, especially on family members, becomes pivotal for shaping practice, policy, and training.

Aim:

The goal of this study is to understand the experience of family caregivers on the assisted dying procedure day.

Design:

Qualitative, thematic analysis, research using semi-structured interviews.

Setting/participants:

Family caregivers of patients who received assisted dying in two hospitals in Canada were recruited. Interviews were conducted at least 6 months after patient death. Conceptual saturation was achieved after analyzing 18 interviews.

Results:

While caregivers expressed gratitude for the availability of Medical Assistance in Dying, they also described the procedure day as potentially jarring and unsettling. We identified five aspects that shaped their experience: attuned support from the clinical team; preparation for clinical details; congruence between the setting and the importance of the event; active participation and ceremony; and pacing and timing of the procedure. Together, these aspects impacted the level of uneasiness felt by caregivers on the procedure day.

Conclusions:

This study emphasized the importance of a family-centered approach to delivering Medical Assistance in Dying. It underscored recognizing the needs of family caregivers during the procedure day and offering strategies to ease their experience. Healthcare providers in jurisdictions where assisted dying is legal or deliberated should consider the applicability of these findings to their unique context.
Manual detorsion in pediatric testicular torsion: A narrative review of the literature
Authors: Scheier Eric
Published: May 2024

Manual detorsion is infrequently performed in pediatric emergency medicine, particularly in centers with urology coverage. In no other emergency condition does an emergency physician not take immediate action to alleviate pain and damage, even if definitive care is close by. A small number of case reports exist in which pediatric emergency physicians have performed manual detorsion. This review the literature presents the case for routine manual detorsion prior to definitive orchiopexy.
Optimal impact angle guidance law with barrier constraint
Authors: Jung Cheol-Goo , Wang Pengyu , Lee Chang-Hun
Published: May 2024

This paper presents an optimal guidance law for missile to achieve desired impact angles on a stationary target while accommodating the barrier constraint. The proposed guidance law consists of two parts: a baseline guidance command for intercepting the target with desired impact angles, and a bias command to prevent collision with the barrier. Specifically, the baseline guidance command is derived by solving a linearized optimal control problem, and its explicit trajectory solution is also obtained for collision estimation. The bias command is designed using a novel guidance error that is defined based on the geometrical relationship between the barrier and the proposed explicit trajectory solution. The new guidance law can be easily implemented to a variety of practical engagement geometries, resulting in successful collision avoidance and minimal control efforts. Its effectiveness and robustness are demonstrated via extensive numerical simulations.
Causes, risks and care circumstances associated with death in older adults diagnosed with HIV in a tertiary centre in Malaysia
Authors: Wong Hoi Yee , Pui Li Wong , Abdul Kahar Maria Kahar Bador , Chong Meng Li , Shenoi Sheela , Rozanova Julia , Syed Omar Sharifah Faridah , Neelamegam Malinee , Lee Yew Kong , Rajasuriar Reena
Published: May 2024

Background

A substantial number of older adults succumb soon after HIV diagnosis despite ART. We explored the causes, risk factors and circumstances before death among older adults acquring HIV.

Methods

We recruited individuals newly diagnosed at our centre from 2016-2020 and analysed data of those who died. Patients were stratified to older (≥50 years) or younger (<50 years) based on their age at diagnosis and attributes were compared. The Cox proportional multivariable model was used to identify factors associated with all-cause mortality.

Results

Among 75 deaths reported, the majority of deaths were AIDS-related and late presentation was common in both age groups. The majority of deaths occurred in the first 12 months after care presentation and over two-thirds in both groups disengaged from care prior to death. Older age remained an independent factor associated with death after adjusting for confounders including opportunistic infections, late presentation to care, ART initiation and chronic comorbidities at presentation.

Conclusion

Most causes of death in our setting were AIDS-related and associated with late care presentation both in young and older individuals, although older age at diagnosis remained an independent risk factor. Our findings highlight the urgent need to encourage prompt ART initiation following diagnosis, especially in older adults.
Sound pressure level determination around the transformer using coherent and incoherent analytical summation methods
Authors: Petrović Karlo , Petošić Antonio , Župan Tomislav
Published: May 2024

In this paper, coherent and incoherent analytical summation methods from elementary sound sources on the transformer’s tank are presented. They aim to determine a one-third-octave spectrum of sound pressure levels (SPL) in points around the transformer. Each part of the transformer’s surface is treated as a separate plane source so the analytical calculation can be applied to find SPL in the surroundings. Reflections from the ground are also considered by putting an image of the plane sources on the other side of the reflecting plane and adding its contributions to the total pressure in the desired points. Grid-like vibration measurements of vibration velocity on the tank surfaces are used as input parameters. Vibrations and sound pressure levels are measured to validate the method on the 5 MVA transformer experimental object. The SPL around the transformer in short-circuit (SC) and open-circuit (OC) tests is measured in the semi-anechoic chamber to compare it with theoretical results. By analyzing the results, the coherent calculation with reflection provided the most accurate results. In the SC operating condition, the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) is 17.2%, and in the OC operating condition, it is 10.9%. The novelty of the presented method is that it considers complicated transformer geometry where each surface is calculated as a separate noise source. It calculates noise at a distance from the elementary vibration sources, considering phase and reflection from the hard ground, and provides detailed noise maps that can be used for noise modeling around the substations.
The biopolitics of algorithmic governmentality: How the US military imagines war in the age of neurobiology and artificial intelligence
Authors: Tängh Wrangel Claes
Published: May 2024

With the objective to predict and pre-empt the emergence of political violence, the US Department of Defence (DoD) has devoted increasing attention to the intersection between neurobiology and artificial intelligence. Concepts such as ‘cognitive biotechnologies’, ‘digital biosecurity’ and large-scale collection of ‘neurodata’ herald a future in which neurobiological intervention on a global scale is believed to come of age. This article analyses how the relationship between neurobiology and AI – between the human and the machine – is conceived, made possible, and acted upon within the SMA programme, an interdisciplinary research programme sponsored by the DoD. By showcasing the close intersection between the computer sciences and the neurosciences within the US military, the article questions descriptions of algorithmic governmentality as decentring the human, and as juxtaposed to biopolitical techniques to regulate processes of subjectivity. The article shows that within US military discourse, new biotechnologies are seen to engender algorithmic governmentality a biopolitical dimension, capable of monitoring and regulating emotions, thoughts, beliefs, and subjectivity on population level, particularly targeting the minds and brains of ‘vulnerable’ populations in the global South.
Identification of a Novel TP63 Variant in a Chinese Patient with Orofacial Clefts and Ectrodactyly: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jiang Leheng , Jiang Chanyuan , Song Tao , Wang Yongqian , Si Nuo , Li Haidong , Yin Ningbei
Published: May 2024

The TP63 gene is essential for epithelial proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance during embryogenesis. Despite considerable clinical variability, TP63-related symptoms are characterized by ectodermal dysplasia, distal limb malformations, and orofacial clefts. We identified a novel TP63 variant (c.619A > G, p.K207E) in a seven-month-old Chinese patient with orofacial clefts and ectrodactyly but no evident signs of ectodermal dysplasia. This phenotype was rarely reported before. We summarized the presence of the three main TP63-related manifestations in the literature and noted different distributions of CP- and CL/P-related variants regarding p63 structural domains.
Ozark matters: implications about Black lives
Authors: Graham Sarah Demekech
Published: May 2024

By referring to the White settler post-racial imaginary of the USA, this article examines the slippage, transferability, and political interplay of racial representations into an analysis of the character of Ruth Langmore, a White adolescent woman portrayed in the Netflix series Ozark (2017–2022). Establishing the history of popular culture in the USA as emergent from Blackface, I argue that Ruth is coded, through an eschatological association, fashion styling, and ambient sound, as Black at various points throughout the series. I analyse screengrabs from pop culture and quotes from the showrunner, executive directors, and musical director to demonstrate that the destruction of the Black body is inherited, restricting the survival of Black and Indigenous peoples. Readers are advised that this article contains spoilers about the series Ozark (2017–2022).
Utilizing decommissioned windmill blades as reinforcement or filler for biocomposites
Authors: Sheng Desmond Daniel Chin Vui , Sreedharan Sreehari Tambathhouse , Walvekar Sanjeev Surendra , Guna Vijaykumar , Muralimohana Sumukha Bandagadde , Krishnamurthy Praveen Kumar , Reddy Narendra
Published: May 2024

Decommissioned or damaged windmill blades and other wastes have limited applications and are generally disposed into landfills or incinerated. Increasing generation of wind energy will also lead to increase in blades available for disposal. It is estimated that more than 800,000 tons of blades will be available annually for disposal from 2050. Blades contain glass, carbon, resins and other valuable materials and hence it is prudent to develop methods to reuse or recycle the blades. In this study, we have used windmill blade waste (WBW) as reinforcement for polypropylene (PP) and also as filler/additive for coir-WBW-PP hybrid composites. Various proportions of the components were made into composites and studied for the changes in mechanical, acoustic, thermal and noise insulation properties. Tensile strength did not show major increase in properties whereas 70/30 WBW/PP composites had highest flexural strength and modulus. Addition of WBW considerably increased both the tensile and flexural properties of the hybrid composites with up to 180% increase in flexural strength and 173% increase in modulus. Similarly, hybrid composites had better thermal conductivity and the composites containing 80% WBW and 20% PP had the highest thermal conductivity. Coir improved the acoustic sorption due to the presence of pores and voids in the composites whereas WBW acts as filler and decreased the sound sorption. WBW can be effectively used as reinforcement or filler for PP based composites.
Cardiovascular Health and Colorectal Cancer Screening in Black Men: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Hornbuckle Kasey , Williams Amaris , Joseph Joshua J. , Nolan Timiya S. , Gray Darrell M. , Gregory John , Ewing Aldenise P.
Published: May 2024

African American/Black (henceforth Black) men face disproportionate risks of morbidity and mortality from both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). The American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) tool was designed to examine predictors of CVD with included behaviors also linked to CRC risk (i.e., smoking status, weight, diet, and physical activity). However, no studies have combined LS7 assessment alongside CRC screening history, which serves as a proxy for assessing CRC risk, in Black men. In this study, Black men aged 45–75 participating in annual community wellness events were screened for 6 of 7 LS7 measures (excluding diet, LS6) and self-reported CRC screening. Analyses conducted using R 4.0.5. revealed that Black men ( N = 680), with an average age of 57.3 years ( SD = 7.5), reported poor (39.7%), intermediate (34.6%), or ideal (25.7%) LS6 scores with higher scores corresponding to lower risk for CVD. However, for every 1-point increase in LS6 scores (0–6), there was a 26% lower odds of reported CRC screening ( p = .001). In the fully adjusted model, men with 4+ ideal LS6 behaviors had a 60% lower odds of self-reported CRC screening compared to those with two ideal LS6 behaviors ( p < .001). These findings underscore the need for culturally relevant interventions for Black men across all levels of cardiovascular health (CVH) to increase CRC screening uptake.
Real-world analysis of afatinib as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer with uncommon EGFR mutations: a multicenter study in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Van Luan , Le Tuan Anh , Pham Cam Phuong , Hoa Nguyen Thi Thai , Do Anh Tu , Nguyen Tuan Khoi , Nguyen Minh Hai , Thu Hoang Thi Anh , Hao Vuong Dinh Thy , Tam Nguyen Dac Nhan , Khiem Dang Van , Nguyen Thi Oanh , Trang Vo Thi Huyen , Do Hung Kien , Vu Ha Thanh , Nguyen Thi Thuy Hang , Pham Van Thai , Trinh Le Huy , Dung Nguyen Khac , Nguyen Hoang Gia , Truong Cong Minh , Chau Pham Tran Minh , Nguyen Thi Bich Phuong
Published: May 2024

Background:

Afatinib is indicated for advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and uncommon mutations. However, real-world studies on this topic are limited. This study aimed to evaluate afatinib as first-line therapy for locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC with uncommon EGFR mutations.

Patients and methods:

A retrospective study included 92 patients with advanced NSCLC with uncommon and compound EGFR mutations, treated with afatinib as first-line therapy. Patients were followed up and evaluated every 3 months or when symptoms of progressive disease arose. The endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), time-to-treatment failure (TTF), and adverse events.

Results:

The G719X EGFR mutation had the highest occurrence rate (53.3% for both monotherapy and the compound). By contrast, the compound mutation G719X–S768I was observed at a rate of 22.8%. The ORR was 75%, with 15.2% of patients achieving complete response. The overall median TTF was 13.8 months. Patients with the G719X EGFR mutation (single and compound) had a median TTF of 19.3 months, longer than that of patients with other mutations, who had a median TTF of 11.2 months. Patients with compound EGFR mutations (G719X and S768I) demonstrated a median TTF of 23.2 months compared to that of 12.3 months for other mutations. Tolerated doses of 20 or 30 mg achieved a longer median TTF of 17.1 months compared to 11.2 months with 40 mg. Median TTF differed between patients with and without brain metastasis, at 11.2 and 16.9 months, respectively. Rash (55.4%) and diarrhea (53.3%) were the most common adverse events, primarily grades 1 and 2. Other side effects occurred at a low rate.

Conclusion:

Afatinib is effective for locally advanced metastatic NSCLC with uncommon EGFR mutations. Patients with G719X, compound G719X–S768I mutations, and tolerated doses of 20 or 30 mg had a longer median TTF than those with other mutations.
The efficacy of botulinum toxin in neuropathic pain: a systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Kaísa Menezes , Barreto Eduardo Silva Reis , Alencar Vinicius Borges , Lins-Kusterer Liliane Elze Falcão , Azi Liana Maria Torres de Araujo , Kraychete Durval Campos
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Neuropathic pain (NP) is characterised as a lesion or disease directly affecting the somatosensory system. This study aims to analyse the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) in the treatment of neuropathic pain.

Methods

This systematic literature review, guided by PRISMA, applied the PICO strategy with the following criteria: (P = patients with neuropathic pain, I = botulinum toxin, C = placebo or active drug, and O = pain relief).

Results

Fourteen articles, all randomised controlled trials with a placebo control, were included in the review. A total of 645 patients were randomised, with 353 patients receiving treatment with botulinum toxin type A in doses ranging from 25U to 400U. The evaluated studies addressed trigeminal neuralgia, diabetic polyneuropathy, post-herpetic neuralgia, spinal cord injury, phantom limb pain, and peripheral neuropathic pain after trauma or surgery.

Conclusion

BT-A has emerged as a promising treatment for various origins of neuropathic pain. Therefore, future studies should adopt stricter criteria regarding dosage and routes of administration to ensure effective and consistent BT-A application.
A floating ball inside the eye in smartphone slit-lamp imaging: A case report of a pediatric vitreous cyst and a literature review
Authors: Asadigandomani Hassan , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Ahmadi Pouria , Daneshvar Kimia , Khalili Pour Elias
Published: May 2024

An 8-year-old male patient was presented with a chief complaint of visual perception of a spherical object located in the visual field of his right eye. According to the patient’s prior medical records, they exhibited a sole incident of minor visual impairment in the right eye, characterized by blurred vision (best-corrected visual acuity: 8/10), which first manifested during preschool assessments at the age of 5 years. During the fundoscopic examination of the patient, a pigmented, lobulated, and mobile vitreous cyst was observed in the right eye, whereas the examination of the patient’s left eye revealed no abnormalities. A video of a smartphone slit-lamp imaging was also captured to facilitate subsequent examinations and patient follow-up.
Comparing the Effects of Corporate Strategic Deviance on Corporate Growth and Corporate Profit: Evidence from Chinese Firms
Authors: Li Yugang , Fang Xiuyuan
Published: May 2024

Corporate strategic deviance plays an essential role in the survival and development of enterprises; however, does it have the same impact on all types of goals (corporate growth and corporate profit)? Using Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2018, we address this question by examining the influence of corporate strategic deviance on corporate growth and corporate profit. The results show that corporate strategic deviance has a positive effect on corporate growth; the institutional environment strengthens the positive relationship between corporate strategic deviance and corporate growth; the relationship between corporate strategic deviance and corporate profit is a U-shaped function; and the U-shaped relationship between corporate strategic deviance and corporate profit becomes weaker when companies in developed institutional environments. Our research moves beyond the debate about whether corporate strategic deviance increases or decreases corporate performance by analyzing the effect of corporate strategic deviance on different corporate goals in China, the results are helpful to understand the inconsistent conclusions of existing research. In addition, our study enriches the situational theory of corporate strategic deviance that affects corporate growth and profit by introducing the institutional environment as a moderating variable.
Mapping the Landscape of Postsecondary Transition Experimental Research: A 10-Year Review of CDTEI
Authors: Mitchell Wendy R. , Tennell Courtney A. , Peltier Corey , Williams-Diehm Kendra L.
Published: May 2024

This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the experimental intervention research being published from 2010 to 2020 within Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals (CDTEI). We critically evaluated studies found through a hand-search of CDTEI and identified patterns and trends across ten years based on study characteristics, focus of the experimental literature, and adherence to reporting standards set by the National Technical Assistance Center (NTACT) through their quality indicators. A total of 208 articles were reviewed following The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines as a framework. Approximately 17% (n=36) of documents used an experimental design that fit inclusion criteria. Of these, 47% were group design and 53% used a single case design. Results suggest a need to shift away from efficacy research to effectiveness-based research with a focus on real-life academic settings and natural change agents. Findings suggest a critical need for the educational research community to enhance the trustworthiness of scientific findings with convincing data analysis methods that are reliable and valid for the conclusions drawn.
Predictors of Housing Insecurity in Young Adulthood
Authors: Heerde Jessica A. , Bailey Jennifer A. , McMorris Barbara J. , Patton George C. , Sawyer Susan M. , Toumbourou John W.
Published: May 2024

Housing insecurity is concerning at any age, but the prevalence and predictors of young adult housing insecurity are poorly described. Multivariable regression analyses using cross-national longitudinal data from a population-based sample tested prospective associations between various adolescent predictors and young adult housing insecurity. Participants from Washington State (United States) and Victoria (Australia) were surveyed at ages 13, 14 and 15 (2002–2004) and 25 and 29 years (2014–15, 2018–19; N = 1945; 46% female). The prevalence of housing insecurity was 9%. Multivariable predictors of housing insecurity included living in Washington State, antisocial behavior, a history of school suspension, and academic underachievement. School suspension was more strongly related to insecure housing in Washington State than in Victoria. Future analyses should explore state policy differences and risk and protective processes within social-ecological contexts to identify population-level modifiable upstream risk factors for housing insecurity that can be targeted earlier in the life course.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (relugolix) for treatment of uterine adenomyosis with symptomatic endometriosis
Authors: Matsushima Takashi , Nagashima Asako , Harigane Eika , Watanabe Asako , Shinmura Hiroki , Ouchi Nozomi , Kurashina Ryuhei , Suzuki Shunji , Iida Shinya
Published: May 2024

Objective:

To determine the effects of relugolix administration for uterine adenomyosis on uterine volume and subjective symptoms.

Methods:

This retrospective observational study included 30 patients with clinical symptoms of endometriosis complicated with uterine adenomyosis who were treated with 40 mg/day of relugolix orally for >16 weeks. The uterine volume was calculated pre- and post-administration, and the volume percentage post-administration. Furthermore, the presence or absence of subjective post-administration symptoms and adverse effects were also examined.

Results:

The median (interquartile range) long diameter, short diameter, width, and volume of the patients’ uteri pre- and post-administration of relugolix significantly decreased from 9.63 (9.02–11.00) to 8.00 (6.84–9.12) cm, 6.47 (5.58–8.02) to 5.00 (4.26–5.63) cm, 6.91 (5.68–8.46) to 5.49 (4.58–6.00) cm, and 221.04 (146.52–390.26) to 111.90 (71.59–165.84) cm3, respectively ( p < 0.001 for all four items). Additionally, the uterus volume post-administration was 48.30% (33.88–62.54%) of that pre-administration. Heavy menstrual bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and chronic pelvic pain occurred in 23 (76.7%), 21 (70.0%), and 13 (43.3%) of the 30 patients, respectively; however, all patients experienced resolution of all symptoms. Nine, three, and one patients had hot flashes, mild arthralgia, and a mild headache, respectively. No cases of persistent irregular or heavy bleeding were observed during treatment.

Conclusions:

Relugolix contributes to volume reduction and eliminates subjective symptoms of uterine adenomyosis, suggesting that it is an effective treatment for uterine adenomyosis.
N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is associated with pulmonary hypertension or diastolic dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis: An Australian prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Ha Francis J , Brown Zoe , Stevens Wendy , Prior David , Ross Laura , Ferdowsi Nava , Nikpour Mandana , Burns Andrew T
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide has been proposed as part of composite screening algorithms for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and diastolic dysfunction, and evaluate their association with serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in systemic sclerosis patients.

Methods:

Patients with systemic sclerosis were prospectively enrolled to undergo N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide testing and transthoracic echocardiography at a tertiary Australian centre from January to October 2022. We collected demographic and transthoracic echocardiography variables including pulmonary hypertension estimated by tricuspid regurgitant velocity and diastolic dysfunction assessed by the ASE/EACVI 2016 guidelines. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate association between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiographic parameters.

Results:

Sixty-one patients were enrolled (median age = 62 years (interquartile range = 55–69 years); 84% female). Two-thirds of patients had limited systemic sclerosis (40/61). Five patients (8%) had high likelihood of pulmonary hypertension by transthoracic echocardiography. Seven patients (11%) had diastolic dysfunction; however, seven patients (11%) had indeterminate diastology. Six patients underwent right heart catheterisation, with five patients diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patients with pulmonary hypertension or diastolic dysfunction was significantly higher (median = 207 and 226 pg/mL, respectively) compared to patients without either condition (median = 69 pg/mL, p = 0.01). N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide showed a statistically significant although limited correlation with estimated pulmonary pressures measured by tricuspid regurgitant velocity (r = 0.44, p = 0.002) and left ventricular filling pressures (r = 0.27, p = 0.04).

Conclusion:

Pulmonary hypertension and diastolic dysfunction are both observed in systemic sclerosis. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is associated with both conditions; however, it cannot distinguish between the two disease processes. Right heart catheterisation may be required to make this distinction.
Current Status of Swadeshi Enterprises of Bengal
Authors: Dutta Tanushree , Dey Dipankar
Published: May 2024

This paper analyses in detail, the Swadeshi enterprises/institutions of Bengal that were established during British rule. The study focuses on the present status, (as of 2019), of the Swadeshi enterprises of Bengal for the period between 1820s and 1947. Data consisting of 1946 Swadeshi enterprises, segregated into 26 different categories/sectors, has been collected using secondary sources. The survival status of the Swadeshi enterprises has been analysed based on the nature of technology used in the production process and the production objectives of the Swadeshi firms. To understand the dominant traits of the current owners of the presently active Swadeshi firms based on entrepreneurs’ social identity, primary data have been collected, with a set of questionnaires, by the in-depth direct interview of at least one owner of each 26 different categories of industries documented in the study of the surviving Swadeshi entrepreneurs.
Cross-sectional associations between patterns and composition of upright and stepping events with physical function: insights from The Maastricht Study
Authors: Culverhouse Joshua , Hillsdon Melvyn , Koster Annemarie , Bosma Hans , de Galan Bastiaan E. , Savelberg Hans H.C.M. , Pulsford Richard
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Age-related declines in physical functioning have significant implications for health in later life. Physical activity (PA) volume is associated with physical function, but the importance of the pattern in which PA is accumulated is unclear. This study investigates associations between accelerometer-determined daily PA patterns, including composition and temporal distribution (burstiness) of upright and stepping events, with physical function.

Methods

Data was from participants who wore an activPAL3 accelerometer as part of The Maastricht Study. Exposures included a suite of metrics describing the composition and the temporal distribution (burstiness) of upright and sedentary behaviour. Physical function outcomes included the six-minute walk test (6MWT), timed chair-stand test (TCST), grip strength (GS), and SF-36 physical functioning sub-scale (SF-36pf). Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess associations, adjusting for covariates including overall PA volume (daily step count).

Results

Participants(n = 6085) had 6 or 7 days of valid data. Upright and stepping event metrics were associated with physical function outcomes, even after adjusting PA volume. Higher sedentary burstiness was associated with better function (6MWT, TCST, and SF-36pf), as was duration and step volume of stepping events (6MWT, TCST, GS, and SF-36pf), step-weighted cadence (6MWT, TCST, and SF-36pf). Number of stepping events was associated with poorer function (6MWT, GS, and SF-36pf), as was upright event burstiness (SF-36pf). Associations varied according to sex.

Conclusion

Our study reveals that diverse patterns of physical activity accumulation exhibit distinct associations with various measures of physical function, irrespective of the overall volume. Subsequent investigations should employ longitudinal and experimental studies to examine how changing patterns of physical activity may affect physical function, and other health outcomes.