bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Convergent Synthesis of a Fully Phosphorylated GPI Anchor of the CD52 Antigen.
Authors: Wu Xiaoming , Guo Zhongwu
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Polycyclic Guanidine‐Containing Marine Alkaloid (‐)‐Batzelladine D.
Authors: Evans P. Andrew , Qin Jun , Robinson John E. , Bazin Berangere
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Protopine Alkaloids
Authors: Wada Yasuhiro , Kaga Harumi , Uchiito Shiho , Kumazawa Eri , Tomiki Miho , Onozaki Yu , Kurono Nobuhito , Tokuda Masao , Ohkuma Takeshi , Orito Kazuhiko
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Constituents from Chinese Natural Medicines. Part 24. Hypoglycemic Effects of Sinocrassula indica in Sugar‐Loaded Rats and Genetically Diabetic KK‐Ay Mice and Structures of New Acylated Flavonol Glycosides, Sinocrassosides A1, A2, B1, and B2.
Authors: Yoshikawa Masayuki , Wang Tao , Morikawa Toshio , Xie Haihui , Matsuda Hisashi
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Simplactone B via Prins Cyclization.
Authors: Reddy M. Somi , Narender M. , Rao K. Rama
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Removal of Pertechnetate from Simulated Nuclear Waste Streams Using Supported Zerovalent Iron.
Authors: Darab John G. , Amonette Alexandra B. , Burke Deborah S. D. , Orr Robert D. , Ponder Sherman M. , Schrick Bettina , Mallouk Thomas E. , Lukens Wayne W. , Caulder Dana L. , Shuh David K.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Indolopyrrolemaleimides.
Authors: Xu Gui‐Qing , Guo Peng , Zhang Chong , He Qiao‐Jun , Yang Bo , Hu Yong‐Zhou
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Hydrogen and Related Reactions
Authors: Charushin Valery N. , Chupakhin Oleg N.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of New Ruthenium Catalysts for Metathesis Reactions
Authors: Zhao Zhenjiang , Zhan Z.‐Y. James
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamic Kinetic Resolution and Asymmetric Transformations by Enzyme—Metal Combinations
Authors: Kim Mahn‐Joo , Ahn Yangsoo , Park Jaiwook
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Genetics
Authors: Shuker David E. G.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalysis
Authors: Buckley Benjamin R.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Catalytic Systems in Biomimetic Oxidation
Authors: Karakhanov E. A. , Maksimov A. L. , Ivanova E. A.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Organic Chemistry of Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Vogel Pierre , Turks Maris , Bouchez Laure , Markovic Dean , Varela‐Alvarez Adrian , Sordo Jose Angel
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Performing Organic Chemistry with Inorganic Compounds: Electrophilic Reactivity of Selected Nitrosyl Complexes
Authors: Doctorovich Fabio , Di Salvo Florencia
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis and Physicochemical and Supramolecular Properties of Strained Phenylacetylene Macrocycles
Authors: Kawase Takeshi
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Transfer and Molecular Recognition in Metallocene‐Containing Dendrimers
Authors: Kaifer Angel E.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Approaches to Naturally Occurring Ten‐Membered‐Ring Lactones.
Authors: Ferraz Helena M. C. , Bombonato Fernanda I. , Longo Luiz S. Jr.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Inhibitors of Checkpoint Kinase 1
Authors: Arrington Kenneth L. , Dudkin Vadim Y.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquids: Slow Dynamics, Viscosity, and the Red Edge Effect
Authors: Hu Zhonghan , Margulis Claudio J.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids: The Link to High‐Temperature Molten Salts?
Authors: El Abedin Sherif Zein , Enders Frank
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Accounting for the Unique, Doubly Dual Nature of Ionic Liquids from a Molecular Thermodynamic and Modeling Standpoint
Authors: Rebelo Luis Paulo N. , Canongia Lopes Jose N. , Esperanca Jose M. S. S. , Guedes Henrique J. R. , Lachwa Joanna , Najdanovic‐Visak Vesna , Visak Joran P.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lipochemistry and Renewable Carbon: New Opportunities for the Agro‐industry
Authors: Gaset Antoine
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Understanding Ionic Liquids Through Atomistic and Coarse‐Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Wang Yanting , Jiang Wei , Yan Tianying , Voth Gregory A.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids in Separations
Authors: Han Xinxin , Armstrong Daniel W.
Published: January 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Generation of a conditional null allele for Dmp1 in mouse
Authors: Feng Jian Q. , Scott Greg , Guo Dayong , Jiang Baichun , Harris Marie , Ward Toni , Ray Manas , Bonewald Lynda F. , Harris Stephen E. , Mishina Yuji
Published: February 2008

Dentin matrix protein1 (DMP1), highly conserved in humans and mice, is highly expressed in teeth, the skeleton, and to a lesser extent in nonskeletal tissues such as brain, kidney, and salivary gland. Pathologically, DMP1 is associated with several forms of cancers and with tumor‐induced osteomalacia. Conventional disruption of the murine Dmp1 gene results in defects in dentin in teeth and in the skeleton, including hypophosphatemic rickets, and abnormalities in phosphate homeostasis. Human DMP1 mutations are responsible for the condition known as autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets. For better understanding of the roles of DMP1 in different tissues at different stages of development and in pathological conditions, we generated Dmp1 floxed mice in which loxP sites flank exon 6 that encodes for over 80% of DMP1 protein. We demonstrate that Cre‐mediated recombination using Sox2‐Cre, a Cre line expressed in epiblast during early embryogenesis, results in early deletion of the gene and protein. These homozygous Cre‐recombined null mice display an identical phenotype to conventional null mice. This animal model will be useful to reveal distinct roles of DMP1 in different tissues at different ages. genesis 46:87–91, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Asymmetric Bioreduction of Activated C=C Bonds Using Zymomonas mobilis NCR Enoate Reductase and Old Yellow Enzymes OYE 1–3 from Yeasts
Authors: Hall Mélanie , Stueckler Clemens , Hauer Bernhard , Stuermer Rainer , Friedrich Thomas , Breuer Michael , Kroutil Wolfgang , Faber Kurt
Published: February 2008

The asymmetric bioreduction of C=C‐bonds bearing an electron‐withdrawing group, such as an aldehyde, ketone, imide, nitro, carboxylic acid, or ester moiety by a novel enoate reductase from Zymomonas mobilis and Old Yellow Enzymes OYE 1–3 from yeasts furnished the corresponding saturated products in up to >99 % ee. Depending on the substrate type, stereocontrol was achieved by variation of the substrate structure, by switching the (E/Z) geometry of the alkene or by choice of the appropriate enzyme. This substrate‐ orenzyme‐based stereocontrol allowed access to the opposite enantiomeric products.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Design and Validation of a 2 kW‐Fuel Cell Test Bench for Subfreezing Studies
Authors: Bégot S. , Harel F. , Kauffmann J.M.
Published: January 2008

This paper presents the design and validation of a 2 kW fuel cell test bench for subfreezing studies. The test bench is designed to study the influence of different operational parameters on the cold start of fuel cell. Thus, the effects of ambient temperature, gas and coolant flow rates, current density and fuel cell impedance can be investigated. For cold start experiments, the apparatus is designed to reproduce the environment of a fuel cell in a vehicle parked in a subzero environment. Therefore, the test bench is divided into two parts: the fuel cell, its coolant circuit and main sensors are located in a climatic chamber while the main part of the test bench is at room temperature. The different parts of the test bench are described and validation results are presented. The heat exchange between the fuel cell coolant circuit and the environment is computed using parameters estimation techniques. The power requested to heat the coolant circuit to a given temperature is computed.
Membrane Design for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells: A Hybrid Proton‐Conducting Interpenetrating Polymer Network
Authors: Fu R.‐Q. , Hong L. , Lee J.‐Y.
Published: January 2008

A series of hybrid proton‐conducting membranes with an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure was designed with the direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) application in mind. In these membranes, glutaraldehyde crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were interpenetrated with the copolymer of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐propanesulphonic acid (AMPS) and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) crosslinked by poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA). Silica from the in situ sol–gel hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix. The membranes fabricated as such had ion exchange capacities of 0.84–1.43 meq g–1 and proton conductivities of 0.02–0.11 S cm–1. The membranes exhibited significantly lower fuel permeabilities than that of Nafion. In a manner totally unlike Nafion, fuel permeabilities were lower at higher fuel concentrations, and were lower in ethanol than methanol solutions. These behaviours are all relatable to the unique swelling characteristics of PVA (no swelling in ethanol, partial swelling in methanol and extensive swelling in water) and to the fuel blocking and swelling suppression properties of silica particles. The membranes are promising for DEFC applications since a high concentration of fuel may be used to reduce fuel crossover and to improve the anode kinetics for a resultant increase in both the energy and power densities of the fuel cell.
Evaporation and energy balance of a wet grassland at Tadham Moor on the Somerset Levels
Authors: Harding R. J. , Lloyd C. R.
Published: January 2008

Wet grasslands are important both for their conservation value and for their important hydrological function. Evaporation is an important component of the water balance of a wetland. Where water is limited rainfall and/or surface (or sub‐surface) inflows are required to balance the summer evaporation and thus become a significant factor in the maintenance and environmental health of a wetland. This study presents an almost complete year of measurements of the water and energy balance of a wet grassland in the Somerset Levels in southwest England. The majority of the radiant energy at this site goes into evaporation. There is a strong seasonality of the controls on evaporation; the roughness length varies by a factor of 10 between winter and summer. The surface resistance to evaporation is low, close to zero, during the winter when the water table is at, or just below the surface. In the summer the water table drops to 80 cm below the surface; there is no sign of soil water stress on the evaporation but a clear effect of the senescence of grass during seed head production and of the subsequent harvest. There is clear evidence that water for evaporation is provided by the drainage ditches through sub‐surface flow. Standard evaporation formulae—such as the Penman‐Monteith equation with constant and standard parameters—provide a reasonable simulation of the total evaporation at this site, although they miss some of the seasonal detail. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a SWAT extension module to simulate riparian wetland hydrologic processes at a watershed scale
Authors: Liu Yongbo , Yang Wanhong , Wang Xixi
Published: January 2008

Using a mass balance algorithm, this study develops an extension module that can be embedded in the commonly used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). This module makes it possible to assess effects of riparian wetlands on runoff and sediment yields at a watershed scale, which is very important for aquatic ecosystem management but rarely documented in the literature. In addition to delineating boundaries of a watershed and its subwatersheds, the module groups riparian wetlands within a subwatershed into an equivalent wetland for modelling purposes. Further, the module has functions to compute upland drainage area and other parameters (e.g. maximum volume) for the equivalent wetland based on digital elevation model, stream network, land use, soil and wetland distribution GIS datasets. SWAT is used to estimate and route runoff and sediment generated from upland drainage area. The lateral exchange processes between riparian wetlands and their hydraulically connected streams are simulated by the extension module. The developed module is empirically applied to the 53 km2 Upper Canagagigue Creek watershed located in Southern Ontario of Canada. The simulation results indicate that the module can make SWAT more reasonably predict flow and sediment loads at the outlet of the watershed and better represent the hydrologic processes within it. The simulation is sensitive to errors of wetland parameters and channel geometry. The approach of embedding the module into SWAT enables simulation of hydrologic processes in riparian wetlands, evaluation of wetland effects on regulating stream flow and sediment loading and assessment of various wetland restoration scenarios. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identifying groundwater pumping source information using simulated annealing
Authors: Lin Yu‐Chung , Yeh Hund‐Der
Published: January 2008

This study develops an approach referred to as SA‐MF using simulated annealing (SA) and a three‐dimensional groundwater flow model (MODFLOW‐2000) to determine the pumping source information, namely the pumping source location, the pumping rate and the pumping period. Eight scenarios, each with various cases for aquifers with homogeneous or heterogeneous conductivities, are used to test the applicability and accuracy of SA‐MF in determining the pumping source information. The results show that at least five measured heads should be used to analyse the pumping source identification problem and at least three observation wells are required to effectively determine the pumping source information. The SA‐MF gives good estimated results in both synthetic and real problems even if the measured heads contain measurement errors. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Children's evaluative categories and inductive inferences within the domain of food
Authors: Nguyen Simone P.
Published: January 2008

Evaluative categories include items that share the same value‐laden assessment. Given that these categories have not been examined extensively within the child concepts literature, the present research explored evaluative categorization and induction within the domain of food as a test case. Specifically, two studies examined the categories of healthy and junky foods in children aged 4 and 7 years. Study 1 showed that by aged 4 years, children appropriately apply the evaluative categories of healthy and junky foods to a variety of different foods. Study 2 showed that by age 4 years, children also selectively use the evaluative categories of healthy and junky foods for inductive inferences about the human body, but not for arbitrary or unrelated inferences. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of evaluative processing in young children's categorization and induction. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antibodies against the cancer‐testis antigen CTSP‐1 are frequently found in prostate cancer patients and are an independent prognostic factor for biochemical‐recurrence
Authors: Parmigiani Raphael B. , Bettoni Fabiana , Grosso Daniela M , Lopes Ademar , Cunha Isabela W. , Soares Fernando A. , Carvalho André L. , Fonseca Francisco , Camargo Anamaria A.
Published: January 2008

Cancer‐testis (CT) antigens are immunogenic proteins expressed in normal gametogenic tissues and in different types of tumors. CTSP‐1 is a CT antigen frequently expressed in prostate tumors, and capable of eliciting humoral response in prostate cancer patients. Here, we analyzed the presence of anti‐CTSP‐1 antibodies in 147 patients with localized prostate cancer and determined its prognostic value for predicting biochemical‐recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Anti‐CTSP‐1 antibodies were detected in 25% of the patients and a significant correlation (p = 0.017) between CTSP‐1 protein expression and the presence of specific humoral response was observed. No association was found between the presence of antibodies and the pathological variables analyzed. On univariate analysis, patients without antibodies against CTSP‐1 had a lower biochemical‐recurrence free survival than did those with anti‐CTSP‐1 antibodies, although the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (57 vs. 75%, p = 0.075). However, the presence of antibodies against CTSP‐1 was significantly associated with a better prognosis in patients with higher Gleason score (36 vs. 80%, p = 0.028). On multivariate analysis, antibodies against CTSP‐1 were associated with a better prognosis (Hazard ratio = 0.41, 95% IC 0.18–0.90 p = 0.039), being the third most powerful prognostic factor among Gleason score and preoperative PSA levels. CTSP‐1 should be considered a promising candidate for prostate cancer immunotherapy, since it is frequently expressed in prostate tumors and capable of eliciting humoral immune response in prostate cancer patients. Our results also suggest that humoral response against CTSP‐1 could be used as a prognostic marker, especially among patients with a high Gleason score. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Calpain‐mediated pathway dominates cisplatin‐induced apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells as determined by real‐time single cell analysis
Authors: Liu Lei , Xing Da , Chen Wei R. , Chen Tongsheng , Pei Yihui , Gao Xuejuan
Published: January 2008

Cisplatin is an efficient anticancer agent. Cisplatin‐based chemotherapy is believed to involve different signal transduction pathways, among which calpain activation has been proposed as an important factor in the induced apoptosis. In our study, based on real‐time single cell analysis, we investigated the molecular involvement of calpain in cisplatin‐induced apoptosis in living human lung adenocarcinoma cells. After cisplatin treatment, calpain was activated, resulting in Bid cleavage at 4–5 hr, followed by Bid translocation and cytochrome c release, leading to cell death. Calpeptin and PD150606, specific inhibitors of calpain, blocked Bid activation completely; however, cytochrome c release was delayed by more than 2 hr, which was associated with the delay of caspase‐3 activation and cell death. Remarkably, calpain‐mediated release of cytochrome c and cell death was significantly compromised in the Bid knockdown cells. Z‐IETD‐fmk and Z‐VDVAD‐fmk were used to block the activation of caspase‐8 and caspase‐2, respectively; however, the progression of apoptosis were not affected, suggesting that caspase‐8 and caspase‐2 were not involved in this experimental model. Taken together, the data demonstrate that calpain mediated cisplatin‐induced apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells through activating Bid, which then regulated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The delays of cytochrome c release, caspase‐3 activation and subsequent cell death by inactivating calpain or silencing Bid exclude other earlier or parallel pathways, strongly suggesting that the calpain‐mediated pathway is the kinetically earliest one, which dominates the cisplatin‐induced apoptosis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HMGA2 is the partner of MDM2 in well‐differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas whereas CDK4 belongs to a distinct inconsistent amplicon
Authors: Italiano Antoine , Bianchini Laurence , Keslair Frédérique , Bonnafous Stéphanie , Cardot‐Leccia Nathalie , Coindre Jean‐Michel , Dumollard Jean‐Marc , Hofman Paul , Leroux Agnès , Mainguené Claire , Peyrottes Isabelle , Ranchere‐Vince Dominique , Terrier Philippe , Tran Albert , Gual Philippe , Pedeutour Florence
Published: January 2008

Data concerning the fine structure of the 12q13‐15 amplicon which contains MDM2 and CDK4 in well‐differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas (WDLPS/DDLPS) are scarce. We investigated a series of 38 WDLPS/DDLPS using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with 17 probes encompassing the 12q13‐15 region. In addition, using quantitative RT‐PCR we studied the expression of MDM2, CDK4, DDIT3 (CHOP/GADD153), DYRK2, HMGA2, TSPAN31 and YEATS4 (GAS41) in 11 cases. We showed that CDK4 (12q14.1) belonged to a distinct amplicon than MDM2 (12q15). There was no continuity in the amplified sequences between MDM2 and CDK4. Moreover, while MDM2 was amplified and overexpressed in all cases, CDK4 was not amplified or overexpressed in 13% of cases. The centromeric border of the CDK4 amplicon was located immediately downstream the 5′ end of DDIT3, a gene known for being involved in myxoid liposarcoma translocations. DDIT3 was amplified in 3 cases and overexpressed in 9 cases. The overexpression of DDIT3 was correlated to the CDK4 amplification and not to its own amplification status. This suggested that the CDK4 amplicon, as well as the overexpression of DDIT3, might be generated by the disruption of a fragile region in 5′ DDIT3. HMGA2 was always amplified and rearranged indicating that it plays a central role in WDLPS/DDLPS. HMGA2 rearrangement frequently resulted in a loss of the 3′ end region that is a binding site for let‐7. We also found a frequent amplification and overexpression of YEATS4, an oncogene that inactivates P53, suggesting that YEATS4 might play an important role together with MDM2 in WDLPS/DDLPS oncogenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perceptually inspired HDR images tone mapping with color correction
Authors: Gatta Carlo , Rizzi Alessandro , Marini Daniele
Published: February 2008

In this article we present a novel tone mapping operator (TMO) for high dynamic range (HDR) images. Starting from an algorithm for low dynamic range image enhancement and color correction called ACE (automatic color enhancement), we keep its differential and local behavior, introducing new features to correctly handle the high variation of HDR images. In particular, we add a nonlinear local regulator able to automatically tune the algorithm parameters on image variations. In this way, the algorithm behavior changes according to local variations. Moreover, a key setting feature has been added to control the output appearance; it automatically proposes an appropriate key value for the final spatial invariant display mapping. The proposed method performs the spatial variant filtering using only one parameter, that tunes output detail visibility versus overall contrast. We propose a default setting, that guarantees a good solution in most cases. Test, results, and comparison are presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 285–294, 2007
Targeting to carcinoma cells with chitosan‐ and starch‐coated magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia
Authors: Kim Dong‐Hyun , Kim Kyoung‐Nam , Kim Kwang‐Mahn , Lee Yong‐Keun
Published: February 2008

The delivery of hyperthermic thermoseeds to a specific target site with minimal side effects is an important challenge in targeted hyperthermia, which employs magnetic method and functional polymers. An external magnetic field is used to control the site‐specific targeting of the magnetic nanoparticles. Polymer‐coated magnetic nanoparticles can confer a higher affinity to the biological cell membranes. In this study, uncoated, chitosan‐coated, and starch‐coated magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized for use as a hyperthermic thermoseed. Each sample was examined with respect to their applications to hyperthermia using XRD, VSM, and FTIR. In addition, the temperature changes under an alternating magnetic field were observed. As in vitro tests, the magnetic responsiveness of chitosan‐ and starch‐coated magnetite was determined by a simple blood vessel model under various intensities of magnetic field. L929 normal cells and KB carcinoma cells were used to examine the cytotoxicity and affinity of each sample using the MTT method. The chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles generated a higher ΔT of 23°C under an AC magnetic field than the starch‐coated magnetite, and the capturing rate of the particles was 96% under an external magnetic field of 0.4 T. The highest viability of L929 cells was 93.7%. Comparing the rate of KB cells capture with the rate of L929 cells capture, the rate of KB cells capture relatively increased with 10.8% in chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles. Hence, chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles are biocompatible and have a selective affinity to KB cells. The targeting of magnetic nanoparticles in hyperthermia was improved using a controlled magnetic field and a chitosan‐coating. Therefore, chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles are expected to be promising materials for use in magnetic targeted hyperthermia. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Iron‐phosphate glass fiber scaffolds for the hard–soft interface regeneration: The effect of fiber diameter and flow culture condition on cell survival and differentiation
Authors: Bitar Malak , Salih Vehid , Knowles Jonathan C. , Lewis Mark P.
Published: February 2008

This work investigated the further development of a well‐characterized, contiguous, glass fiber system for regeneration of the hard–soft tissue interface. We evaluated the effect of fiber diameter on human osteoblasts and fibroblasts attachment and viability using ternary glass fibers of the composition 0.48 CaO – 0.02 Na2O – 0.50 P2O5. Fiber diameter significantly influenced cell attachment and survival, with fibers drawn at 800 revolutions per minute found to be optimal. Using a known composition of iron‐phosphate glass fibers (composition 0.46 CaO – 0.01 Na2O – 0.03 Fe2O3 – 0.50 P2O5), scaffolds were produced. These scaffolds were incorporated within an open laminar flow culture system to provide nutrients, oxygen, and waste perfusion throughout the culture. The design of the chamber ensured that laminar flow was present, and changes in the differentiation of both osteoblast and fibroblast seeded scaffolds were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our data show that osteoblast and fibroblast differentiation is unaffected or enhanced by laminar flow when compared with static culture conditions. This system can therefore be adapted to construct larger, more complex, three‐dimensional iron‐phosphate fiber scaffolds for tissue engineering. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008
Delusional disorder–jealous type: how inclusive are the DSM–IV diagnostic criteria?
Authors: Easton Judith A. , Shackelford Todd K. , Schipper Lucas D.
Published: February 2008

Delusional disorder–jealous type is a new diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM‐IV‐TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) in which delusions concerning a partner's infidelity must be present. Therefore, patients who experience a jealousy disorder, but do not experience delusions will not fit the diagnostic criteria. Using a database of 398 case histories of jealousy disorders reported in the literature from 1940–2002, we examined the percentage of these cases that met the diagnostic criteria for delusional disorder–jealous type. Only 4% of the cases met all diagnostic criteria. This is the first systematic comparison of the prevalence of these disorders. The results provide evidence that the diagnostic criteria are not inclusive, as most individuals suffering with a jealousy disorder were excluded from the diagnosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64: 1–12, 2008.
Optimization of the culture conditions for production of glutamate decarboxylase by Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Yuan , Yu Bo , Lu Zhao‐Xin , Bie Xiao‐Mei , Lin Qian , Sun Li‐Jun
Published: January 2008

The culture conditions for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) production under submerged fermentation by Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus were investigated. The results indicated the optimum culture medium was composed as follows: 15.0 g L−1 of peptone, 12.5 g L−1 of beef extract, 12.5 g L−1 of sucrose, 1.03 g L−1 of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 g L−1 of sodium acetate, 2 g L−1 of ammonium dibasic citrate, 2.12 g L−1 of calcium chloride, 1 g L−1 of Tween 80, and initial pH 6.79. The optimum culture temperature and time were 37 °C and 12 h, respectively. Under these conditions, GAD production was 257.46 ± 5.12 U, which was about 1.45‐fold that of Man–Rogosa–Sharpe broth. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of ultrasound on culture of Aspergillus terreus
Authors: Sainz Herrán Nuria , Casas López José L , Sánchez Pérez José A , Chisti Yusuf
Published: January 2008

BACKGROUND: Fermentations of Aspergillus terreus are commercially used to produce lovastatin. How ultrasound might influence this fermentation is unknown. While high‐intensity ultrasound is effective in disrupting microbial cells, ultrasound of low intensity is known to improve productivity of some fermentation processes without damaging cells. Mechanisms behind productivity improvements have not been clearly identified in earlier studies. This work reports on the effects of ultrasound on A. terreus fermentation for low (957 W m−3), medium (2870 W m−3) and high (4783 W m−3) values of sonication power input in a slurry bubble column sonobioreactor.

RESULTS: Sonication at any power level did not affect biomass growth profiles in comparison with negative controls. In contrast, medium‐ and high‐intensity sonication greatly reduced production of lovastatin and substantially altered the growth morphology. At medium and high intensity, ultrasound disrupted fungal pellets and caused the biomass to grow mainly as dispersed hyphae. Sonication affected broth rheology because rheology depends on the morphology of the suspended biomass.

CONCLUSION: Sonication can be used to modify growth morphology and broth rheology without affecting growth of filamentous fungi. Sonication appears to influence the primary growth metabolism and secondary metabolism differently in different situations. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of hypoxia on vertebrate blood vessels
Authors: Russell Michael J. , Dombkowski Ryan A. , Olson Kenneth R.
Published: January 2008

Hypoxia contracts mammalian respiratory vessels and increases vascular resistance in respiratory tissues of many vertebrates. In systemic vessels these responses vary, hypoxia relaxes mammalian vessels and contracts systemic arteries from cyclostomes. It has been proposed that hypoxic vasoconstriction in cyclostome systemic arteries is the antecedent to mammalian hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, however, phylogenetic characterization of hypoxic responses is lacking. In this study, we characterized the hypoxic response of isolated systemic and respiratory vessels from a variety of vertebrates using standard myography. Pre‐gill/respiratory (ventral aorta, afferent branchial artery, pulmonary artery) and post‐gill/systemic (dorsal and thoracic aortas, efferent branchial artery) from lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana), American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), chicken (Gallus domesticus) and rat (Rattus norvegicus) were exposed to hypoxia at rest or during pre‐stimulation (elevated extracellular potassium, epinephrine or norepinephrine). Hypoxia produced a relaxation or transient contraction followed by relaxation in all pre‐gill vessels, except for contraction in lamprey, and vasoconstriction or tri‐phasic constriction‐dilation‐constriction in all pulmonary vessels. Hypoxia contracted systemic vessels from all animals except shark and rat and in pre‐contracted rat aortas it produced a transient contraction followed by relaxation. These results show that while the classic “systemic hypoxic vasodilation and pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction” may occur in the microcirculation, the hypoxic response of the vertebrate macrocirculation is quite variable. These findings also suggest that hypoxic vasoconstriction is a phylogenetically ancient response.J. Exp. Zool. 309A:55–63, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of heterotypic tissue interactions in deer pedicle and first antler formation—revealed via a membrane insertion approach
Authors: Li Chunyi , Yang Fuhe , Xing Xiumei , Gao Xiuhua , Deng Xuming , Mackintosh Colin , Suttie James M.
Published: January 2008

Heterotypic tissue interactions play an indispensable role in organ generation and regeneration. In contrast to the classic examples of tissue interactions prevailing in the formation of tetrapod limbs or pectoral fins that can only take place when the interactive tissues are in intimate contacts, the interactions in deer antler formation are novel in that the inducer and the responder are separated by a distance of 1–2 mm. This feature offers a unique opportunity to explore the mechanism underlying tissue interactions by permitting membrane insertion between the two interactive tissues. Four experiments were conducted in this study. The results showed that the impermeable membranes inhibited antler formation. In contrast, the permeable membrane (0.45 µm in pore size) substantially slowed pedicle growth and antler initiation but did not stop them. Interestingly, the impermeable membrane/sheath only slightly retarded antler elongation. Overall, our results demonstrate that interactions between the two interactive tissues, antlerogenic tissue and the overlying skin, are indispensable for first antler initiation and are achieved through diffusible molecules rather than direct physical contact. As the heterotypic tissue interactions are only required during antler initiation but not elongation, they must be transient in nature, and thus differ from those operating in limb/fin formation that can only be sustained by continuous interactions. A system in which organ development is achieved only through transient tissue interactions must be novel, if not completely unique. Understanding this system will undoubtedly enrich the knowledge in the field of tissue interactions and organogenesis. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 310B:267–277, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immobilization of plasmid DNA on an anti‐DNA antibody modified coronary stent for intravascular site‐specific gene therapy
Authors: Jin Xu , Mei Lin , Song Cunxian , Liu Lanxia , Leng Xigang , Sun Hongfan , Kong Deling , Levy Robert J.
Published: January 2008

Background

The aim of the present study was to investigate the incorporation of plasmid DNA (pDNA) onto a coronary stent by chemo‐immunoconjugation for achieving site‐specific gene delivery.

Methods

Anti‐DNA immunoglobulin M antibody was chemically linked onto collagen‐coated stent by using N‐succinimidyl‐3‐(2‐pyridyldithiol)‐propionate as cross‐linker. pDNA was tethered on the antibody‐immobilized stent by highly specific antigen‐antibody affinity interaction. Radioactive‐labeled antibody and pDNA were used to evaluate binding capacity and stability. A reporter plasmid pEGFP was tethered on the antibody‐immobilized stents that was assessed in cell culture and in rabbit carotid model.

Results

The amount of antibody chemically linked on the stents was 15‐fold higher than that of the control and its retention time was also significantly longer. The pEGFP‐tethered stents had no detrimental effects on cell growth. In cell culture studies, numerous green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐transfected cells were only found on the stent, which demonstrated high localization and efficiency of gene delivery. The overall GFP transfection efficiency in treated rabbit carotid arteries was 2.8 ± 0.7% of the total cells. However, the rate of neointima transfection was 7.0 ± 0.8% of total cells in this region. Importantly, no distal spreading of the vector was detected by polymerase chain reaction, either in distal organs or in the downstream segments of the stented arteries.

Conclusions

For the first time, our group reports the successful use of anti‐DNA antibody‐immobilized metal stent as plasmid gene delivery system that possess high efficiency and site‐specificity in vitro and in vivo. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential interaction of Ginkgo biloba leaf with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs: What is the evidence?
Authors: Bone Kerry Martin
Published: January 2008

Some writers hold the view that the combination of Ginkgo biloba with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs represents a serious health risk. Such concerns are largely based on the assumption that Ginkgo has clinically relevant antiplatelet activity, as well as accounts of bleeding episodes associated with Ginkgo consumption. To investigate whether these bleeding episodes have a pharmacodynamic, idiosyncratic or coincidental basis, a review of controlled clinical studies and case reports was undertaken. Results from controlled studies consistently indicate that Ginkgo does not significantly impact haemostasis nor adversely affect the safety of coadministered aspirin or warfarin. Most of these studies were undertaken using EGb 761, a well‐defined extract of Ginkgo biloba. In contrast, EGb 761 has not generally been implicated in the case reports. In general, the quality of these case reports is low. Nevertheless, the possibility of an idiosyncratic bleeding event due to Ginkgo use cannot be excluded on the basis of the available information. However, there is scant information from case reports or controlled trials to support the suggestion that Ginkgo potentiates the effects of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. Such high‐level safety concerns for this herb are deemed to be unsupported by the currently available evidence.
Phenolics from purple grape, apple, purple grape juice and apple juice prevent early atherosclerosis induced by an atherogenic diet in hamsters
Authors: Décordé Kelly , Teissèdre Pierre‐Louis , Auger Cyril , Cristol Jean‐Paul , Rouanet Jean‐Max
Published: January 2008

Knowledge of the effects of processing on the antioxidant properties of fruits is limited. We investigated the processing of apple (A) and purple grape (PG) and their juices (AJ and PGJ) in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Five groups of eight hamsters each were fed an atherogenic diet for 12 wk. They received daily by gavage either 7.14 mL/(kg.day) of mashed A or PG, or the same volume of AJ or PGJ, or water as control. Plasma cholesterol, non‐HDL cholesterol, liver superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were efficiently reduced by the fruits and their juices compared with controls, whereas plasma antioxidant capacity was increased and aortic fatty streak area was decreased from 48 to 93%. For each of these parameters, the efficacy was PGJ > PG > AJ > A. The results show for the first time that long‐term consumption of antioxidants supplied by apple and purple grape, especially phenolic compounds, prevents the development of atherosclerosis in hamsters, and that processing can have a major impact on the potential health benefits of a product. The underlying mechanism is related mainly to increased antioxidant status and improved serum lipid profile.
Compact dual‐ and wide‐band CPW‐fed slot antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Liu Wen‐Chung , Yeh Feng‐Ming
Published: January 2008

A simple and compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed antenna for dual‐ and wide‐band wireless applications is presented. By properly embedding slots into a rectangular patch, the designed antenna thus fed by a CPW feedline and, with, including ground plane, only 24 × 25 mm2, can lead to good impedance matching in a wide dual‐band covering IMT‐2000, 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN, and 5.8 GHz RFID operations. Prototype of the proposed antenna has been constructed and experimentally studied. The measured results not only explore good dualband operations with wide −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 370 and 4.13 GHz at the lower and upper bands, respectively, but also show good agreement with the numerical predictions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 574–575, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23139